bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan IoT Sederhana Untuk Sistem Pendeteksi Kemurnian Kopi Bubuk
Authors: Magfira Dike Bayu , Yudianto Firman , Wulan Tri Deviasari , Herlambang Teguh , Budiarti Rizqi Putri Nourma , Siswanti Anas Tifa Rahma
Published: November 2024

Kopi adalah salah satu komoditas ekspor utama Indonesia yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Kemurnian kopi bubuk sangat penting untuk memastikan kualitas dan rasa yang konsisten. Proses pengujian kemurnian kopi yang dilakukan secara manual seringkali memakan waktu dan rentan terhadap kesalahan manusia. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem pendeteksi kemurnian kopi bubuk menggunakan teknologi Internet of Things (IoT). Sistem ini memanfaatkan sensor-sensor canggih yang terhubung ke perangkat IoT untuk mengukur berbagai parameter terkait kemurnian kopi. Data yang dikumpulkan oleh sensor-sensor ini dikirimkan melalui jaringan nirkabel ke platform pengolah data di cloud untuk dianalisis lebih lanjut. Dengan menggunakan teknologi IoT, sistem ini dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan akurasi dalam menentukan kemurnian kopi bubuk, sehingga dapat mengurangi biaya produksi dan meningkatkan kualitas produk kopi.
Impact of Job Security on the Work Behaviour of Casual Workers in a University Setting in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Olubukoye OYE , Bamidele RASAK , Joseph OYEYIPO Eyitayo , Oluwakemi IWELUMOR , Pius SALAKO Oluwaseyi , Shayo OGUNDIPE Ibilola , Samson BABATUNDE
Published: November 2024

Workplace dedication, work habits, and employee motivation are all highly impacted by job security. Casual workers at Nigerian universities face unique challenges that sometimes result in job instability because they are employed temporarily. In order to better understand how job security influences casual workers’ motivation, performance, and engagement at Kwara State Universities, this study looks into how these workers behave at work. The investigation is framed by the Job Security-Performance Theory, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory, and Social Exchange Theory. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both qualitative interviews and quantitative questionnaires. Taro Yamane’s technique was used to establish the sample size, which came out to be 363 participants. The target population consisted of 1,333 casual workers across three colleges. Structured questionnaires and in-person interviews were used to gather the data, which were then analysed using SPSS for quantitative data and theme analysis for qualitative data. 53.2% of temporary employees do not have written contracts, which adds to job insecurity, according to the report. There was variation in the perception of job security; 20.1% felt highly secure, while 40.2% felt uneasy. Motivation was found to be highly impacted by job security, as indicated by over 53% of participants. Furthermore, due to concerns about job security, 39.9% of temporary employees are likely to look for permanent opportunities elsewhere. The demographic research reveals that the workforce is highly educated and dominated by men. The results highlight how important job security is in determining the motivation and conduct of casual employees. Universities should strengthen job security measures and establish clearer contractual agreements to boost worker satisfaction and performance. Policymakers ought to think about creating laws that promote the rights of casual employees and foster their professional growth while addressing employment instability.
A mucor circinelloides-based integrated biorefinery
Authors:   , Zininga Johnson Tungamirai
Published: November 2024

The utilization of agro-based waste residue is a prominent example for establishing a circular bioeconomy. When agro-based waste is used to replace commercial growth media in microbial fermentation processes, it becomes expedient that the implementation of the biorefinery concept becomes integrated as the microbial biomass and their metabolites will add to the product spectrum. This study demonstrates an integrated approach towards valorization of sugarcane bagasse and microbial biomass comprising of Mucor circinelloides ZSKP. A maximum reducing sugar recovery of 80.67 g/l was achieved after combining lignocellulosic pretreatment with saccharification. A low temperature, glycerol and ammonium phosphate pretreatment method was established, where glycerol pretreatment conditions were reduced to 150°C and almost a third of the initial duration. This strategy will potentially result in lower energy consumption costs, decreased release of inhibitors and lower water consumption. The ammonium phosphate-containing hydrolysate yielded 12.89 g/l of fungal biomass after fermentation to add to 20.8 g lignin from the delignification step. Sequential fermentations were performed by addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a co-culture to produce biomass and ethanol. The initial aerobic M. circinelloides fermentation was followed by mixed culture anaerobic fermentation. Fermentation of M. circinelloides (3 days aerobic growth) and S. cerevisiae (5 days of anaerobic growth) generated a balanced biomass yield of 17.9 g/l and ethanol yield of 18.69 g/l. Ethanol production demonstrated effective utilization of bagasse hydrolysate and offered the possibility of concurrent production with biodiesel in this biorefinery. The mixed biomass gave a lipid yield of (3.72 g/l) and a chitosan yield of (1.84 g/l), The lignin infused glycerol plasticized chitosan biocomposite plastic had a 100% improvement in thermogravimetric properties with almost 50% more energy needed to increase the temperature of the material when compared to glycerol-only-plasticized biocomposite. The deproteination step in chitosan extraction was modified and replaced with a protein recovery step, with protein yield being improved to a maximum of 187.89 mg/g. The amino acid composition of the protein showed that it has a relatively high content of lysine making it suitable as an animal feed supplement. This study presents strategies to address feasibility concerns for production of fungal chitosan, biodiesel and bioethanol from lignocellulosic waste and realizing the goal of a circular bioeconomy.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS RECURSOS FISIOTERAPÊUTICOS PARA CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES COM ESCOLIOSE IDIOPÁTICA
Authors: De Oliveira Felipe Éden Souza , Pereira Leandro Franco ²
Published: November 2024

Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common pathology in adolescents and children, prevailing in 80% of scoliosis cases. Physiotherapy treatment serves to prevent and improve pain and quality of life by improving muscle strengthening, mobility and range of motion in the spine. This article carries out a systematic review of articles published between 2015 and 2024, using the Ânima University (RUNA), SciELO and LILACS databases. It presents some case studies and randomized clinical trials investigating the application of Global Postural Reeducation (GPR) and Pilates methods in reducing the curvature of scoliosis in children and adolescents. A total of 15 studies were selected, but of these, 5 were excluded, leaving 10 scientific productions that were consistent with the objectives of the study. The results indicated a significant reduction in curvature in both methods.
BIOESTIMULAÇÃO FACIAL COM PREENCHEDORES À BASE DE ÁCIDO POLI-L-LÁTICO: EFICÁCIA E SEGURANÇA
Authors: Oyarzun Katherinne Patricia Saraiva Iginio , Silva Ilan Iginio da , Diniz José Alberto Cavalcante , Lima José Ricardo Ângelo de , Bertoldo Ana Paula de Albuquerque , Gonçalves Bruna Ferreira dos Santos , Oliveira Camila de Melo , Freitas Joyce Rigueira de , Sousa Marcelo Silva de
Published: November 2024

Este artigo visa compreender a bioestimulação facial com preenchedores à base de ácido poli-L-lático (PLLA), abordando sua eficácia e segurança em procedimentos estéticos. O uso do PLLA ganhou destaque como uma solução duradoura para o rejuvenescimento facial, principalmente pela sua capacidade de estimular a produção de colágeno, com efeitos que podem perdurar por até 25 meses. A revisão de estudos anteriores revelou benefícios significativos do PLLA na regeneração do colágeno, contribuindo para a melhoria do volume e firmeza da pele, essencial para combater os sinais de envelhecimento. Além disso, os resultados sugerem que o PLLA é biocompatível e apresenta baixos índices de efeitos adversos, como inchaço temporário e vermelhidão, embora reações inflamatórias possam ocorrer em alguns casos. A pesquisa também destacou a importância de técnicas adequadas de injeção, como o uso de cânulas, para minimizar riscos como a formação de nódulos. Com base em evidências revisadas, o artigo conclui que o PLLA é uma alternativa eficaz e segura para o rejuvenescimento facial, sendo crucial a prática clínica adequada e a avaliação contínua dos pacientes para garantir os melhores resultados.
DESINFORMAÇÃO E LITERACIA MIDIÁTICA
Authors: Carvalho Júnior Orlando Lyra de , Carvalho Stela Silva , Sousa Bárbara Andrade de
Published: November 2024

Literacia midiática é a área de pesquisa associada ao debate acadêmico e à  intervenção social que incorpora elementos de alfabetização midiática, visando o  estímulo ao pensamento crítico. Seu objetivo é oferecer reflexões e instrumentos para  que cidadãos possam interpretar e produzir informações e conhecimento de forma  crítica e ética. Esta pesquisa visa avaliar os níveis de literacia de um grupo de alunos e  professores de Minas Gerais (MG). Um questionário online de múltipla escolha foi  utilizado para coleta de dados. Correlações significativas foram encontradas entre  literacia midiática e Fake News, “fonte confiável” e “informação confiável”. As mídias  preferidas foram X-Twitter, Instagram e YouTube. Quanto à identificação de notícias  falsas, temas científicos, como vacinação, mudança climática e efeito estufa tiveram  maior destaque. As questões levantadas nesta pesquisa se relacionam à importância  da literacia midiática, não apenas como antídoto ao vírus das Fake News, mas como  forma de desenvolver o pensamento crítico em alunos e professores. Isto significa dizer  que a educação crítica midiática transcende a mera habilitação em Tecnologias da  Informação e Comunicação, envolvendo a identificação de conteúdo falso, a avaliação  de notícias tendenciosas e a confiabilidade das informações veiculadas nas redes  sociais.
Precipitation in the mountains of Central Asia: isotopic composition and source regions
Authors: Saidaliyeva Zarina , Shahgedanova Maria , Yapiyev Vadim , Wade Andrew John , Akbarov Fakhriddin , Esenaman uulu Mukhammed , Kalashnikova Olga , Kapitsa Vassiliy , Kasatkin Nikolay , Rakhimov Ilkhomiddin , Satylkanov Rysbek , Sayakbaev Daniiar , Semakova Eleonora , Severskiy Igor , Petrov Maxim , Umirzakov Gulomjon , Usubaliev Ryskul
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Over 900 event-based precipitation samples were collected in 2019–2021 in the Tien Shan and its foothills and analysed using cavity ring-down spectroscopy. δD and δ18O values were highest in summer and lowest in winter, and annual cycles of deuterium excess (d-excess) varied between sites, reflecting local conditions. The δ18O and δD values increased from north to south in all seasons except autumn, and latitude was a statistically significant predictor of δ18O and δD in the overall data set, along with elevation in winter and elevation and longitude in autumn. Elevation was a significant predictor of d-excess in all seasons, and local air temperature was a more important control over δ18O and δD than precipitation depth. Local meteoric water lines were derived using seven regression methods applied to non-weighted and weighted precipitation. Non-weighted ordinary least squares regression and reduced major axis regression methods are recommended overall, except for summer when the precipitation-weighted least squares regression should be used, particularly in the south. Atmospheric back-trajectory and mixing-model analyses were applied in combination to identify air mass source regions and their relative contribution to precipitation. Recycled moisture from irrigated land in the Amu Darya and Syr Darya basins and from the study catchments accounted for 29 %–71 % of precipitation, depending on the site and season. In the Chon Kyzyl-Suu catchment, local re-evaporation from Issyk-Kul accounted for up to 85 % of precipitation. These findings highlight the importance of moisture from terrestrial sources, especially irrigated land, for the formation of precipitation in the Tien Shan.
Rapid topographic growth of Diancang Shan, southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, since 5.0–3.5 Ma
Authors: Zhang Chunxia , Wu Haibin , Zhao Xiuli , Deng Yunkai , Jia Yunxia , Zhang Wenchao , Li Shihu , Deng Chenglong
Published: November 2024

Abstract. As a crucial geological, climatic, and ecological boundary in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (SEMTP), the topographic evolution of Diancang Shan (DCS) remains unclear due to the lack of direct constraints on its paleoelevation. Here, we quantitatively reconstructed changes in annual mean temperature (ANNT) based on palynological data from the terrestrial Dasongping section (∼7.6–1.8 Ma) in the Dali Basin, located at the northeastern margin of DCS in Yunnan, China. Integrating the thermochronological data from the eastern and southern margins of DCS, we have clarified the paleotopographic evolution of DCS during this period: the paleoelevation of DCS likely exceeded 2000 m a.s.l. (above sea level) due to initial normal faulting at ∼7.6 Ma, possibly comparable to the current average elevation (∼2200 m a.s.l.) of the surrounding Dali Basin region. Significant growth occurred between ∼5.0 and ∼3.5 Ma, with at least ∼1000 m uplift gain in the northern segment and up to ∼2000 m in the southern segment of DCS, caused by the intensification of normal faulting activities. Finally, the northern segment of DCS reached the elevation of ∼3500 m a.s.l. after ∼1.8 Ma. Our findings suggest that the quantitative ANNT reconstruction, combined with thermochronological and sedimentary data, can significantly improve constraint on the paleotopographic evolution of DCS.
SISSOMA (v1): modelling marine aggregate dynamics from production to export
Authors: Visser Andre , Almgren Anton Vergod , Kandylas Athanasios
Published: November 2024

Abstract. A mechanistic approach linking the population dynamics of plankton communities to the export of detrital material to the oceans interior, remains a largely unresolved component of global bio-geochemical models. We propose that the self-similarity of aggregation provides a tractable modelling framework for simulating the dynamics and sinking speed of natural marine particle aggregates. It provides a means to track both size and excess density of aggregates as they are formed and transformed by aggregation, degradation and fragmentation processes. A self-similarity parameter a in the range 1.8 to 2.1 is well supported by direct observations drawn from an extensive database of aggregate size and sinking speed. We provide a simple model, SISSOMA, that uses a 2 dimensional state-space representation of aggregate dynamics for which we conduct sensitivity analyses for the self-similarity parameter, stickiness, turbulent dissipation rate and the production rate of primary particles. The model provides size and density resolved estimates of the export flux of detrital material generated by a diverse community of primary producers. While open to improvement in several aspects, the model compares well with observations of aggregate size spectra covering the global ocean.
Sensitivity of climate effects of hydrogen to leakage size, location, and chemical background
Authors: Skeie Ragnhild Bieltvedt , Sandstad Marit , Krishnan Srinath , Myhre Gunnar , Sand Maria
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Use of hydrogen can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing fossil fuel used as an energy carrier and reactant in metal production. When hydrogen is used, some hydrogen will leak during production, storage, transport, and end use. Via chemical reactions in the atmosphere, the hydrogen will affect the atmospheric composition of methane, ozone, and stratospheric water vapor and hence radiation in the atmosphere. A recent multi-model study found the Global Warming Potential over a 100-year time horizon (GWP100) for hydrogen to be 11.6 ±2.8 (one standard deviation). Here, we use a chemistry transport model to investigate the sensitivity of GWP100 to the magnitude and the location of the hydrogen emission perturbation and the chemical composition of the background atmosphere. We show that the hydrogen GWP100 is linear with respect to size of emission perturbation, is not dependent on where emissions occur except sites far from soil sink active areas, and is not very different for possible futures of the chemical compositions of the atmosphere. We also investigate the methane GWP100 sensitivities on the atmospheric chemical composition, and it increases by up to 3.4 compared to present-day atmospheric composition. Overall, the changes in the hydrogen GWP100 are within one standard deviation of the multi-model GWP100, except for emission perturbations at two distant sites not relevant for a future hydrogen economy. Therefore, it is not necessary to adjust the multi-model GWP values when assessing emissions at different locations or in the future where the atmospheric composition differs from present-day.
Reask UTC: a machine learning modeling framework to generate climate connected tropical cyclone event sets globally
Authors: Loridan Thomas , Bruneau Nicolas
Published: November 2024

Abstract. In the early 1990s, the insurance industry pioneered the use of risk models to extrapolate Tropical Cyclone (TC) occurrence and severity metrics beyond historical records. These probabilistic models rely on past data and statistical modelling techniques to approximate landfall risk distributions. By design such models are best fit to portray risk under conditions consistent with our historical experience. This poses a problem when trying to infer risk under a rapidly changing climate, or in regions where we do not have a good record of historical experience. We here propose a solution to these challenges by rethinking the way TC risk models are built, putting more emphasis on the role played by climate physics in conditioning the risk distributions. The Unified Tropical Cyclone (UTC) modelling framework explicitly connects global climate data to TC activity and event behaviours, leveraging both planetary scale signals and regional environment conditions to simulate synthetic TC events globally. In this study we describe the UTC framework and highlight the role played by climate drivers in conditioning TC risk distributions. We then show that, when driven by climate data representative of historical conditions, the UTC is able to simulate a global view of risk consistent with historical experience. Additionally, the value of the UTC in quantifying the role of climate variability on TC risk is illustrated using the 1980–2022 period as a benchmark.
Wind and wave effects on the dispersal of the Pearl River-derived sediment over the Shelf
Authors: Zhang Guang , Hu Suan , Yu Xiaolong , Zhang Heng , Gong Wenping
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The transport processes of suspended sediment from river sources to ocean sinks are vital for the global material cycle. This study quantitatively examines the effects of wind and wave dynamics on riverine sediment transport over a continental shelf throughout a typical year, utilizing the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Wave Sediment Transport (COAWST) model. After meticulous calibration, the model effectively replicates various fundamental marine environmental processes. Key findings reveal that over a typical year, approximately 62 % of riverine sediment is retained near the estuary, with sediments primarily transported southwestward and deposited in Beibu Gulf. During the wet summer, calm winds and waves lead to initial sediment deposition near the estuary via the river plume. In contrast, the dry winter sees stronger winds and waves resuspending and transporting these sediments. Analyses demonstrate that combined wind and wave action reduces proximal riverine sediment deposition levels to 83 % of those under No wind or wave conditions, resulting in a fivefold increase in westward alongshore sediment flux. Additionally, intensified cross-shore gradients of water level and density boost westward geostrophic flow and thermal wind shear, facilitating sediment transport to distant regions. This study offers valuable insights into the intricate interplay between winds, waves, and riverine sediment dynamics on continental shelves.
NEIVAv1.0: Next-generation Emissions InVentory expansion of Akagi et al. (2011) version 1.0
Authors: Binte Shahid Samiha , Lacey Forrest G. , Wiedinmyer Christine , Yokelson Robert J. , Barsanti Kelley C.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Accurate representation of fire emissions is critical for modeling the in-plume, near-source, and remote effects of biomass burning (BB) on atmospheric composition, air quality, and climate. In recent years application of advanced instrumentation has significantly improved knowledge of the compounds emitted from fires, which, coupled with a large number of recent laboratory and field campaigns, has facilitated the emergence of new emission factor (EF) compilations. The Next-generation Emissions InVentory expansion of Akagi (NEIVA) version 1.0 is one such compilation in which the EFs for 14 globally relevant fuel and fire types have been updated to include data from recent studies, with a focus on gaseous non-methane organic compounds (NMOC_g). The data are stored in a series of connected tables that facilitate flexible querying from the individual study level to recommended averages of all laboratory and field data by fire type. The querying features are enabled by assignment of unique identifiers to all compounds and constituents, including thousands of NMOC_g. NEIVA also includes chemical and physical property data and model surrogate assignments for three widely used chemical mechanisms for each NMOC_g. NEIVA EF datasets are compared with recent publications and other EF compilations at the individual compound level and in the context of overall volatility distributions and hydroxyl (OH) reactivity (OHR) estimates. The NMOC_g in NEIVA include ∼4–8 times more compounds with improved representation of intermediate volatility organic compounds, resulting in much lower overall volatility (lowest-volatility bin shifted by as much as 3 orders of magnitude) and significantly higher OHR (up to 90 %) than other compilations. These updates can strongly impact model predictions of the effects of BB on atmospheric composition and chemistry.
A Novel Method for Quantifying the Contribution of Regional Transport to PM2.5 in Beijing (2013–2020): Combining Machine Learning with Concentration-Weighted Trajectory Analysis
Authors: Hu Kang , Liao Hong , Liu Dantong , Jin Jianbing , Chen Lei , Li Siyuan , Wu Yangzhou , Wu Changhao , Zhao Shitong , Jiang Xiaotong , Tian Ping , Bi Kai , Wang Ye , Zhao Delong
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is closely linked to human health, with its sources generally divided into local emissions and regional transport. This study combined concentration-weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis with the HYSPLIT trajectory ensemble to obtain hourly-resolution pollutant source results. The Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model was then employed to simulate local emissions and ambient PM2.5 in Beijing from 2013 to 2020. The results revealed that clean air masses influencing the Beijing area mainly originated from the north and east regions, exhibiting a strong winter and weak summer pattern. Following the implementation of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (Action Plan) by the Chinese government in 2017, pollution in Beijing decreased significantly, with the most substantial reduction in regional transport pollution events occurring in the west region during summer. Regional transport pollution events were most frequent in spring, up to 1.8 times higher than in winter. Pollutants mainly originated from the west and south regions, while polluted air masses from the east showed the least reduction, and the proportion of pollution sources from this region is gradually increasing. From 2013 to 2020, local emissions were the main contributors of pollution events in Beijing. The Action Plan has more effectively reduced pollution caused by regional transport, particularly during autumn and winter. This finding underscores the importance of Beijing prioritizing local emission reduction while also considering potential contributions from the east region to effectively mitigate pollution events.
An unconstrained formulation for complex solution phase minimization
Authors: Riel Nicolas , Kaus Boris J. P. , de Montserrat Albert , Moulas Evangelos , Green Eleanor C. R. , Dominguez Hugo
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Prediction of mineral phase assemblages is essential to better understand the dynamics of the solid Earth, such as metamorphic processes, magmatism and the formation of mineral ore deposits. While recently developed thermodynamic databases allow the prediction of stable phase mineral assemblages for an increasing range of pressure, temperature and compositional spaces, the increasing complexity of these databases results in a significant increase of computational cost, hindering our ability to perform realistic models of reactive fluid/magma transport. Presently, prediction of stable phase equilibrium in complex systems is therefore largely limited by how efficiently single phase minimization can be performed, as more than 75 % of the total computational time is generally dedicated to individual solution phase minimization. This limitation becomes critical for non-ideal solution phase models that involve both a large number of chemical components, and mixing on a large number of sites, resulting in many inequality constraints of the form 0 ≤ xMl  ≤ 1, where xMl  is the fraction of element l mixing on site M. Here, we present a general reformulation of complex non-ideal solution phases from the thermodynamic database of Holland et al. (2018), which comprises equations of state for multiple mineral solid solutions appearing in magmatic systems, as well as multicomponent silicate melt and aqueous fluid phases. Using a nullspace approach, inequality constraints governing the site fractions are transformed into equality constraints, and the resulting problem is turned into an unconstrained optimization problem, subsequently optimized using efficient gradient-based methods. To test our formulation, we apply it to several equations of state for solution phases known for their complexity and compare the results of our approach against classical optimization algorithms supporting inequality constraints. We find that the BFGS algorithm yields by far the best performance and stability with respect to the other investigated methods, improving the minimization time of individual solution phase by a factor ≥ 10. We estimate that our new approach can improve the computational time of stable phase equilibrium by a factor ≥ 5, thus potentially allowing to model realistic reactive fluid/magmatic systems by directly integrating phase equilibrium calculations in multiphase thermomechanical codes.
Evaluation of YOLO Efficiency in Automatic Orange Detection in Multi-Exposure Images
Authors: Oviedo Espinosa Maurycio R. , Porto Letícia R. , Orlando Vinicius S. W. , Tommaselli Antonio M. G. , Dal Poz Aluir P. , Imai Nilton N.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Brazil is the largest producer of oranges in the world and the automatic detection of fruits has been a challenging task in the context of remote sensing, due to variations in fruit appearance, changes in lighting and occlusions of foliage and neighboring fruits. In this sense, this paper focus on the detection of oranges in multispectral images, with different spectral bands and exposures, using a convolutional neural network (CNN) known as YOU ONLY LOOK ONCE (YOLO). The results indicate that, after 300 epochs, the model demonstrated an accuracy of 81.5% and an approximate recovery rate of 85%. Shutter speeds 1/640s and 1/250s are not suitable for detection due to low light and overexposure, respectively. Intermediate values may be more suitable for identifying a larger number of fruits.
Enhancing Forest Canopy Height Mapping in Kaziranga National Park, Assam, by Integrating LISS IV and SAR data with GEDI LiDAR data Using Machine Learning
Authors: Bhuyan Mallika , Jeganathan Chockalingam , Pujar Girish S.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This study investigates the integration of spaceborne Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) LiDAR data with optical imagery from Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensor (LISS IV), Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and PALSAR data for continuous forest canopy height mapping in Kaziranga National Park (KNP), Assam for the years 2018 and 2022. Four machine learning models were trained and evaluated to assess the predictive ability of LISS IV data in conjunction with SAR variables. The mean canopy height was measured at approximately 8.58 m in 2018, which increased to about 9.07m in 2022. Results reveal Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) as the top-performing model, achieving an RMSE of 5.47m and an R2 of 0.55. In comparison, Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) achieved RMSE values of 5.49, 5.51, and 5.73, respectively. Analysis shows a prevalent occurrence of canopy heights below 5 meters in KNP (more than 35% of the area), while taller canopies beyond 20m can be found in less than 5% of the area. This finding underscores the importance of integrating satellite data and machine learning and highlights the novel application of LISS IV data in enhancing canopy height mapping. Furthermore, it represents the first comprehensive attempt to map canopy height in KNP, laying the groundwork for further research on biomass assessment and carbon sequestration in this vital biodiversity hotspot. Overall, the study highlights the potential of leveraging advanced remote sensing technologies and machine learning approaches for improved understanding and management of forest ecosystems.
Coda-derived source properties estimated using local earthquakes in the Sea of Marmara, Türkiye
Authors: Özkan Berkan , Eken Tuna , Gaebler Peter , Taymaz Tuncay
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Accurate estimates of the moment magnitude of earthquakes that physically measure the earthquake source energy are crucial for improving our understanding of seismic hazard in regions prone to tectonic activity. To address this demand, a method involving coda wave modelling was employed to estimate the moment magnitudes of earthquakes in the Sea of Marmara, northwestern Türkiye. This approach enabled us to model the source displacement spectrum of 303 local earthquakes efficiently recorded at 49 regional seismic stations between 2018 and 2020 in the region. The coda wave traces of individual events were inverted across 12 frequency ranges between 0.3 and 16 Hz. The resultant coda-derived moment magnitudes were found to be in good accordance with the conventional local magnitude estimates. However, the notable move-out between local magnitude and coda-derived moment magnitude estimates for smaller earthquakes less than a magnitude of 3.5 likely occurs due to potential biases arising from incorrect assumptions for anelastic attenuation and/or the finite sampling intervals of seismic recordings. Scaling relations between the total radiated energy and seismic moment imply a non-self-similar behaviour for the earthquakes in the Sea of Marmara. Our findings suggest that larger earthquakes in the study area exhibit distinct rupture dynamics compared to smaller ones, resulting in a more efficient release of seismic energy. Hence, we introduce an empirical relationship obtained from the scatter between local magnitude and coda-derived moment magnitude estimates.
Quantifying Tropical Cyclone-Generated Waves in Extreme-Value-Derived Design for Offshore Wind
Authors: McElman Sarah , Verma Amrit , Goupee Andrew
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Wave extreme values, such as significant wave height, peak period, and crest height, are central to design and operation practices for offshore wind structures. However, the most suitable methods for deriving these extremes, both statistically and from numerical models, is not straightforward. This is especially acute in mixed-type climates, as in the Atlantic coast of the US, where tropical cyclones (hurricanes) and extra-tropical cyclones (winter storms) occur at the same locations with varying frequency and intensity. Limited guidance is provided in major offshore wind energy standards for the minimum requirements of these ocean models and methods used for determining accurate design and operational metocean conditions for regions with tropical cyclones and mixed-type environments. This study investigates the representation of extreme significant wave heights on the US Atlantic coast generated by mixed storm types, as represented in numerical simulations and univariate extreme value analysis. Notable differences between N-year design values are found, as projected by the two different modeled conditions with both block maxima and peaks-over-threshold methods. Attributing factors include hindcast duration, proximity of design location to historical track storm centers, and single analysis of mixed-type distributions. This paper is the first of its kind to propose a methodology for defining extreme significant wave heights due to tropical cyclones for offshore wind design and operation in Mid- and North-Atlantic waters. Recommendations for achieving accurate and representative extreme values for offshore design on the US Atlantic coast are provided.
PENGEMBANGAN e-LKPD BERBASIS STEAM BERBANTU CANVA POKOK BAHASAN MATERI DAN PERUBAHANNYA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Estuhono Estuhono , Ratnawati Ratnawati , Arista Ridho Bela
Published: November 2024

Masalah pada penelitian ini dikarenakan adanya keterbatasan penggunaan elektronik terutama berkaitan dengan STEAM. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan e-LKPD berbasis STEAM berbantu CANVA pada pokok bahasan materi dan perubahannya untuk mendukung pembelajaran berdiferensiasi di sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah Research and Development (R&D). Model pengembangan menggunakan ADDIE. Sampel penelitian 27 orang peserta didik. Berdasarkan hasil data pada Uji validasi, 84,09% (bahasa), 89,28% (praktikalitas) dengan kategori sangat valid. (2) Uji validasi, 94,44% (modul ajar), 91,66% (materi) dengan kategori sangat valid. Uji validasi, 94,64% (kegrafikan), 97,5% (konstruk penyajian) dengan kategori sangat valid. Uji validasi, 76,92 (tes) dengan kategori valid. Implikasi pada pengembangan e-LKPD berbasis STEAM berbantu CANVA dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
IMPLEMENTASI SENAYAN LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SLIMS): STUDI PENELITIAN KUALITATIF
Authors: Amelia Lidia Rizki , Permana Hinggil , Husein Ceceng Syarief
Published: November 2024

The aim of the research is to analyze the implementation of the Senayan Library Management System (SLiMS) at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (Man) 2 Karawang. The method used is a qualitative method with a case study approach model and literature study in this research. The data collection used is the documentation method. The data sources for this research were obtained from relevant literature such as books, academic articles and journals related to the selected topic. The results of this research are the SLiMS planning, the Principal of MAN 2 Karawang makes a time schedule, namely in the form of programs that will be planned. Such as short-term programs, medium-term programs and long-term programs. Then in the recruitment system, staff are selected according to their skills, abilities, knowledge and strong will. The implementation of the Senayan Library Management System (SLiMS) activities at the MAN 2 Karawang library has been quite effective. Since 2019 MAN 2 Karawang has been using SLiMS in library services until now. Started making barcodes for two thousand curtilage books which were revised in 2017.
Optimizing 5-aminosalicylate for moderate ulcerative colitis: expert recommendations from the Asia-Pacific, Middle East, and Africa Inflammatory Bowel Disease Coalition
Authors: Akyüz Filiz , An Yoon Kyo , Begun Jakob , Aniwan Satimai , Bui Huu Hoang , Chan Webber , Choi Chang Hwan , Chopdat Nazeer , Connor Susan J , Desai Devendra , Flanagan Emma , Kobayashi Taku , Lai Allen Yu-Hung , Leong Rupert W , Leow Alex Hwong-Ruey , Leung Wai Keung , Limsrivilai Julajak , Muzellina Virly Nanda , Peddi Kiran , Ran Zhihua , Wei Shu Chen , Sollano Jose , Teo Michelle Mui Hian , Wu Kaichun , Ye Byong Duk , Ooi Choon Jin
Published: November 2024

The lack of clear definition and classification for “moderate ulcerative colitis (UC)” creates ambiguity regarding the suitability of step-up versus top-down treatment approaches. In this paper, experts address crucial gaps in assessing and managing moderate UC. The Asia-Pacific, Middle East, and Africa Inflammatory Bowel Disease Coalition comprised 24 experts who convened to share, discuss and vote electronically on management recommendations for moderate UC. Experts emphasized that the goal of treating UC is to attain clinical, biomarker, and endoscopic remission using cost-effective strategies such as 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASAs), well-tolerated therapy that can be optimized to improve outcomes. Experts agreed that 5-ASA therapy could be optimized by maximizing dosage (4 g/day for induction of remission), combining oral and topical administration, extending treatment duration beyond 8 weeks, and enhancing patient adherence through personalized counselling and reduced pill burden. Treatment escalation should ideally be reserved for patients with predictors of aggressive disease or those who do not respond to 5-ASA optimization. Premature treatment escalation to advanced therapies (including biologics and oral small molecules) may have long-term health and financial consequences. This paper provides consensus-based expert recommendations and a treatment algorithm, based on current evidence and practices, to assist decision-making in real-world settings.
Long non-coding RNAs as prognostic biomarkers in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Hendri Ahmad Z. , Suryawati Sri , Heriyanto Didik Setyo , Hardianti Mardiah Suci , Pikatan Narpati Wesa , Shaleh Sabillal , Robert Robert , Febriyanto Toni , Liliana Belinda , Pratama Angga Dewa Megatika
Published: November 2024

Traditional prognostic tools for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) often overestimate progression and recurrence risks, underscoring the need for more precise biomarkers. While long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) have been reviewed in bladder cancer, no review has focused on NMIBC. The aim of this study was to address this gap by investigating the role of lncRNAs in predicting NMIBC survival and progression. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases as of July 31, 2024. Prognostic studies investigating the association between lncRNA expression and survival outcomes, such as cancer-specific survival, disease-free survival, recurrence-free survival, or overall survival, using Kaplan-Meier curves or hazard ratios, were included. A total of three studies were analyzed, involving 279 NMIBC patients and focusing on three lncRNAs: urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1), growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5), and up-regulated in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (UNMIBC). Increased UCA1 expression was strongly associated with poor disease-free survival (hazard ratio (HR): 1.974; 95%CI: 1.061–3.673; p=0.032) and progression-free survival (HR: 3.476; 95%CI: 1.187–10.18; p=0.023). Reduced GAS5 expression was significantly associated with poor disease-free survival (HR: 2.659; 95%CI: 1.348–5.576; p=0.005) and progression-free survival (HR: 6.628; 95%CI: 1.494–29.40; p=0.013). Higher level of UNMIBC was strongly associated with poor recurrence-free survival (HR: 2.362; 95%CI: 1.504–4.837; p=0.007). In conclusion, lncRNAs have potential as prognostic biomarkers in NMIBC, with UCA1 and UNMIBC overexpression and GAS5 underexpression being significant in predicting disease recurrence and progression, highlighting the clinical relevance of monitoring these lncRNAs to improve prognosis and guide treatment decisions.
Science in the Language of the Heart: Ukrainian Language and Literature in the New Ukrainiian School as a Driver of STEM Development
Authors: Butsenko Anastasiia
Published: November 2024

The article outlines the pathways for integrating STEM disciplines into the planning of Ukrainian language and literature lessons in secondary education institutions within the framework of the New Ukrainian School. It substantiates the growing need for interdisciplinary approaches that foster the development of core competencies while considering the advantages, potential risks, and limitations of the proposed methods. The emphasis is placed on the importance of combining humanities with natural and mathematical sciences to enhance students' understanding of a holistic worldview, illustrating the need to avoid focusing solely on one aspect of development (so-called «humanitarians» and «technocrats»). The article offers theoretical and practical recommendations for developing STEM projects that engage students in creative literary exploration through applying scientific principles and doctrines. The effective combination of STEM education principles with the field of philology enables the creation of a dynamic and effective educational environment where students perceive the interconnectedness of knowledge, develop a well-rounded intellect, and receive foundational preparation for higher education. Methods of linguistic analysis of scientific texts are discussed, demonstrating how language skills can be enhanced through scientific discourse. To illustrate the material, approximate schemes for planning integrated lessons with specific examples from both linguistic-literary and scientific perspectives are provided. To improve understanding and engagement of modern students, emphasis is placed on using digital tools and platforms that ensure integration, including online resources, interactive modeling, multimedia content and artificial intelligence. The necessity for alignment among educators of various disciplines is evident to ensure a fair assessment of proficiency in the state language and scientific literacy, which is a crucial issue during wartime when language matters become increasingly prominent, alongside scientific and mathematical literacy, for building an intellectually developed country.
The «5E» Educational Model as a Means of Designing Stem Lessons in Elementary School
Authors: Zdir Daryna
Published: November 2024

The article examines the features of applying the «5E» educational model as a means of designing STEM lessons in elementary school. It is determined that the «5E» model consists of five stages (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate), each of which contributes to the consistent and systematic development of key and subject-specific competencies in younger students during STEM lessons. It is established that the «5E» educational model, when adapted, can be successfully used for preparing and conducting not only a cycle of lessons united by a common theme but also individual STEM lessons, significantly expanding its applicability in the educational process of elementary school. The correspondence between parts of a lesson and the stages of the «5E» educational model is identified. For instance, the introductory part of a STEM lesson corresponds to the «Engage» stage, aimed at capturing students' attention and stimulating their interest in the new topic. The main part of the lesson encompasses the «Explore», «Explain», and «Elaborate» stages, during which students actively explore the material, develop their own understanding of the topic, and complete practical tasks. The final part of the lesson corresponds to the «Evaluate» stage, where students assess their achievements, analyze the results obtained, and receive feedback on the quality of their material comprehension. An example of a STEM lesson on the topic «Getting to Know Water Better» is provided, demonstrating the practical implementation of the «5E» educational model in elementary school. Special attention is given to the teacher's preparation for conducting STEM lessons using the «5E» educational model, including the selection of teaching methods, the development of a practical work plan, and the assessment of results. The advantages of using the «5E» educational model for designing STEM lessons in elementary school are substantiated. The main advantages include the alignment of different teaching strategies, flexibility, active learning, connection with the real world, and research-based learning. The article notes the promising use of the «5E» model in elementary school, as it provides a systematic and structured approach to organizing STEM lessons, enhances students' motivation to learn, and contributes to a deeper understanding of the material.
Language and Literature Education Field: Some Aspects of Teaching in Primary Schools of National Minorities
Authors: Crigan Serafima , Vranceanu Felicia
Published: November 2024

The article explores teaching tools and certain aspects of teaching the Ukrainian language in primary grades, focusing on the instruction in the language of indigenous peoples/national minorities in general secondary education institutions in Ukraine and abroad. It presents the experiences of teachers, methodologists, authors of educational and methodological materials, and contemporary domestic and foreign scholars, based on a comparative analysis.
Current trends in publishing textbooks and teaching aids are examined. The article highlights the experiences of Ukrainian and foreign educators regarding the relevance of educational support and the potential for engaging each child in meaningful individual and socially significant educational, research, and inquiry activities.
It is determined that in textbooks and aids for the Ukrainian language and reading for grades 1-4, a concept has been pre-planned that considers the specifics of all sections and topics of the language and reading curriculum.
The article proves that independent work effectively integrates the content of the studied material from language and literature, allowing for quick comprehension of the textbook, section, or topic, as well as enabling students to read and provide correct answers, with appropriate recommendations formulated.
It is noted that modern realities require working with digital textbooks, necessitating additional teacher training to utilize them effectively.
The article identifies the problems and prospects for further research, which include the development of digital skills for students and teachers, the need for educational institutions to be equipped with digital devices, and the formation of motivation among students, teachers, and parents for learning the Ukrainian language both in Ukraine and abroad.