bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-promoted solvent-free synthesis of some new α-aminophosphonates as potential antioxidants
Authors: Basha Meson Haji , Subramanyam Chennamasetty , Rao Kammela Prasada
Published: August 2020

Ultrasonic irradiation has been adopted in order to achieve an efficient synthesis of some novel α-aminophosphonates by Pudovik reaction. Major benefits of this method are as follows: eco-friendly, free of catalyst, high yielding, uncomplicated work-up procedure, short reaction time, and solvent free condition. Spectral characterisation and elemental analysis of the synthesized samples was carried out. In vitro antioxidant activity of the title compounds was screened by DPPH˙, O2-˙ and NO˙ scavenging methods. Good activity was shown by most of the compounds as compared with the standards.
Public health messages about COVID-19 prevention in multilingual Taiwan
Authors: Chen Chun-Mei
Published: August 2020

In this paper, I explore multilingual preventative public health messages against the spread of COVID-19 in Taiwan between January and April 2020. Based on empirical data, the symbolic and substantive content of multilingual top-down and bottom-up public health strategies was analyzed and discussed. Findings suggest that the voices of indigenous people have largely been excluded from top-down efforts and strategies in public health communications. Top-down communication did not address the actual concerns of indigenous populations who relied on tourism to bolster their economy. Bottom-up efforts emerged from social exclusion and the inaccessibility of public health information to indigenous populations; such efforts were over-communicated, and the problems of indigenous populations remained unaddressed. I conclude by relating multilingualism and the needs of minority groups, and suggest an inclusive approach to social challenges and solutions for future pandemic preparedness.
Linguistic diversity in a time of crisis: Language challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Piller Ingrid , Zhang Jie , Li Jia
Published: August 2020

Multilingual crisis communication has emerged as a global challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic. Global public health communication is characterized by the large-scale exclusion of linguistic minorities from timely high-quality information. The severe limitations of multilingual crisis communication that the COVID-19 crisis has laid bare result from the dominance of English-centric global mass communication; the longstanding devaluation of minoritized languages; and the failure to consider the importance of multilingual repertoires for building trust and resilient communities. These challenges, along with possible solutions, are explored in greater detail by the articles brought together in this special issue, which present case studies from China and the global Chinese diaspora. As such, the special issue constitutes not only an exploration of the sociolinguistics of the COVID-19 crisis but also a concerted effort to open a space for intercultural dialogue within sociolinguistics. We close by contending that, in order to learn lessons from COVID-19 and to be better prepared for future crises, sociolinguistics needs to include local knowledges and grassroots practices not only as objects of investigation but in its epistemologies; needs to diversify its knowledge base and the academic voices producing that knowledge base; and needs to re-enter dialogue with policy makers and activists.
Crystal structure of tetraaqua-bis(3,5-di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,2,4-triazol-1-ido-κ1
N)nickel(II) dihydrate, C24H28O6N10Ni
Authors: Xu Xue-Li , Li Shi-Hui
Published: August 2020

C24H28O6N10Ni, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.3274(4) Å, b = 15.6403(5) Å, c = 11.8035(6) Å, β = 106.966(5)°, V = 1293.85(10) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0397, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1002, T = 293(2) K.
The crystal structure of 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid–nicotinamide–methanol (1/1/1), C15H18N2O6
Authors: Dai Bencai , Zhou Yang , Chen Jin , Liu Changchun , Shen Zhihao , Tang Junming
Published: August 2020

C2H6O⋅C6H6N2O⋅C7H6O4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.4217(18) Å, b = 7.7021(18) Å, c = 15.362(4) Å, α = 79.223(2)°, β = 82.086(3)°, γ = 65.182(2)°, V = 781.2(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0444, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1341, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of (μ2-1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane-κ2
P,P′)-bis[(Z)-N-(3-fluorophenyl)-O-methylthiocarbamato-κS]-di-gold(I), C44H42Au2F2N2O2P2S2
Authors: Yeo Chien Ing , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C44H42Au2F2N2O2P2S2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.8035(2) Å, b = 11.4764(3) Å, c = 21.2293(6) Å, α = 83.550(2)°, β = 82.256(2)°, γ = 83.793(2)°, V = 2102.40(10) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0268, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0577, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of 4-(2-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopent-1-en-1-yl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile, C20H12F6N2S
Authors: Li Ying
Published: August 2020

C20H12F6N2S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.2091(9) Å, b = 13.9215(16) Å, c = 16.5280(19) Å, β = 94.0670(10)°, V = 1884.1(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0421, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1226, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of bis(octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrolium)pentachlorobismuthate(III), (C7NH14)2BiCl5
Authors: Ma Yuxin , Hao Munan , Zhong Xin , Zhou Junyan , Zhang Zeyu , Jin Shifeng , Zhao Changchun
Published: August 2020

(C7NH14)2BiCl5, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.6087(3) Å, b = 7.4645(2) Å, c = 21.7967(6) Å, β = 104.3220(9)°, V = 2145.34(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0205, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0528, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of O-hexyl benzoylcarbamothioate, C14H19NO2S
Authors: Caracelli Ignez , Zukerman-Schpector Julio , Garcia Ariel L. Llanes , Alvarez Heiddy Márquez , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C14H19NO2S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.6849(10) Å, b = 18.740(2) Å, c = 10.0465(12) Å, β = 112.845(3)°, V = 1506.9(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0685, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.2023, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of chlorido-(O-ethyl phenylcarbamothioamide-κS)-bis(triphenylphosphane-κP)-silver(I), C45H41AgClNOP2S
Authors: Yeo Chien Ing , Liew Li Yuan , Chew Jactty , Teow Sin-Yeang , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C45H41AgClNOP2S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.1930(3) Å, b = 18.3087(6) Å, c = 21.3088(6) Å, β = 94.516(3)°, V = 3964.3(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0353, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0810, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of carbonyl{hydridotris[3-phenyl-5-methylpyrazol-1-yl]borato-κ3
N,N′N′′}copper(I), C31H28BCuN6O
Authors: Fujisawa Kiyoshi , Yabe Makoto , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C31H28BCuN6O, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.506(3) Å, b = 16.122(3) Å, c = 15.805(3) Å, β = 99.433(3)°, V = 2892.2(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0501, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1260, T = 193(2) K.
Crystal structure of dichlorido-bis(tri-4-tolylphosphane oxide-κO)-di(4-chlorophenyl-κC)tin(IV), C54H50Cl4O2P2Sn
Authors: Lee See Mun , Lo Kong Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C54H50Cl4O2P2Sn, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.6360(2) Å, b = 10.8406(2) Å, c = 12.5727(2) Å, α = 94.152(1)°, β = 107.195(2)°, γ = 112.549(2)°, V = 1250.31(4) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0194, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0529, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of dichloridodimethylbis(tri-4-tolylphosphane oxide-κO)-tin(IV), C44H48Cl2O2P2Sn
Authors: Lee See Mun , Lo Kong Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C44H48Cl2O2P2Sn, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 17.8312(1) Å, b = 12.0291(1) Å, c = 18.5895(1) Å, V = 3987.32(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0196, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0564, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of bis{N-methyl-N′-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylpropane-1-ylidene]carbamohydrazonothioato}zinc(II), C26H36N6O2S2Zn
Authors: Tan Ming Yueh , Kwong Huey Chong , Crouse Karen A. , Ravoof Thahira B.S.A. , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C26H36N6O2S2Zn, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.1777(5) Å, b = 12.3828(7) Å, c = 13.3137(7) Å, α = 102.157(5)°, β = 101.395(4)°, γ = 100.771(4)°, V = 1408.14(14) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0489, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1147, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of (μ2-1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-κ2
P,P′)-bis[(Z)N-(3-fluorophenyl)-O-methylthiocarbamato-S]digold(I) chloroform solvate, C50H42Au2F2FeN2O2P2S2, CHCl3
Authors: Yeo Chien Ing , Tan Yee Seng , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: August 2020

C51H43Au2Cl3F2FeN2O2P2S2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.3276(1) Å, b = 13.1116(1) Å, c = 13.5547(1) Å, α = 110.309(1)°, β = 103.132(1)°, γ = 105.601(1)°, V = 1249.86(2) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0153, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0387, T = 100(2) K.
The influence of coating composition on the structural and functional properties of coated paper for packaging applications
Authors: Nechita Petronela
Published: August 2020

The work presented in this paper is focussed on study of structure and properties of coating layers based on natural pigments (ground calcium carbonate and clay) and butadiene acrylonitrile latex as binder in correlation with functional properties of the final coated paper. It is quantified the influence of binder content and pigment type on the structural and liquids penetration properties of coating layer. The obtained results confirm that by increasing of binder content in the coating formulations a reduced efficiency of light-scattering and increased roughness for coated surfaces is obtained. At the high binder amounts (over 15 pph), the coating layer porosity is reduced and as result a lower liquids penetration in the coated papers is obtained.
Research on bond–slip performance between pultruded glass fiber-reinforced polymer tube and nano-CaCO3 concrete
Authors: Guo Zhan , Zhu Qingxia , Wu Wenda , Chen Yu
Published: August 2020

The article describes an experimental study on the bond–slip performance between the pultruded glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) tube and the nano-CaCO3 concrete. Taking the nano-CaCO3 concrete strength and GFRP tube thickness as primary parameters, nine specimens were designed and tested to study the influence of these parameters on the bond strength of the specimens. Besides, three specimens filled with the ordinary concrete were also tested by using the push-out tests to make comparisons with the bond performance of the specimens filled with nano-CaCO3 concrete. A total of four push-out tests were conducted on each specimen. The experimental results indicate that there are two types of axial load–slip curves for each specimen in four push-out tests. Moreover, comparison of the results of the push-out tests in the same direction shows that the bond failure load of the specimen decreases with the increase in the number of push-out tests. Based on the analysis of the test results, it is shown that the bond performance between the GFRP tube and the nano-CaCO3 concrete is better than that between the GFRP tube and the ordinary concrete. Furthermore, as the nano-CaCO3 concrete strength increases, the bond strength of the specimens decreases, indicating that the concrete strength has a negative effect on the bond strength. When the nano-CaCO3 concrete strength is relatively smaller (C20), the bond strength of the specimens decreases with the increase in the thickness of the GFRP tube. However, when the nano-CaCO3 concrete strength is relatively larger (C30 and C40), the bond strength of the specimens increases as the thickness of the GFRP tube increases.
Guidelines for Revitalizing International Organizations for the Post-Covid-19 Era
Authors: Carlson Lisa J. , Dacey Raymond
Published: August 2020

Caruso, R. 2020. “What Post COVID-19? ‹‹Avoiding a 21st Century General Crisis››.” Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy 26 (2). May 2020 provides a prescription for avoiding a general global crisis in the Post-Covid-19 era via the revitalization of Post-WWII era international organizations. Here we examine the implications of contributions from the game theory and the trade and conflict realms of the peace science literature to assess the likelihood of successful revitalization of the relevant organizations. Unfortunately, we are more pessimistic than optimistic since the contributions of peace science suggest that countries are more likely to fail to implement the guidelines needed to revitalize these organizations.
Responsible use of exoskeletons and exosuits: Ensuring domestic security in a European context
Authors: Burton Saheli Datta
Published: August 2020

This article aims to focus attention on the threat to domestic law and order posed by the misuse of wearable robotic exoskeletons and exosuits intended for beneficial uses such as rehabilitative care and industrial production. Threats to domestic law and order from the misuse of exoskeletons by rogue users range from creating havoc in public spaces, violent crime and endangerment of civilian(s) to enhanced burglary techniques. Drawing on existing legal-institutional frameworks and law enforcement apparatus, this article conceptualises a general framework for the responsible end use of exoskeletons and exosuits. It calls for proactive inward-looking state strategies to manage the bads of exoskeleton and exosuit acquisition, possession and trade while encouraging good uses. Importantly, this article does not suggest that the legal-institutional mechanisms discussed for managing misuse are the only ones relevant to the issue except as a guide for encouraging further discussion in the area.
Die europäische Fiskalunion – Analyse und Kritik der ersten legislativen Vorschläge der Kommission
Authors: Lucke Bernd , Neumann Bodo R.
Published: August 2020

Bernd Lucke und Bodo R. Neumann analysieren die ersten legislativen Vorschläge der EU-Kommission für die bis 2025 angestrebte Errichtung einer europäischen Fiskalunion. Obwohl makroökonomische Stabilisierung systematisch zur Wirtschafts- und Währungspolitik der Union zu rechnen ist, soll als deren Rechtsgrundlage die primärrechtliche Ermächtigung zur Kohäsionspolitik dienen. Lucke und Neumann argumentieren, dass dies stabilisierungspolitisch suboptimal und kohäsionspolitisch kontraproduktiv ist. Die semiautomatische Bestimmung von Darlehenshöhen und Zinssubventionen birgt die Gefahr gravierender Fehlallokationen. Unter anderem kann der vorgeschlagene Mechanismus verteilungspolitisch regressiv wirken, unerwünschten Attentismus in der Stabilisierungspolitik zur Folge haben und negative budgetäre Externalitäten für die Staaten verursachen, die die vorgesehene Zinssubvention finanzieren. Zudem würde das Prinzip konditionierter Hilfe aufgegeben. Lucke und Neumann illustrieren das Ausmaß der Probleme durch historische Simulationen für die Zeit seit 1999. Am Beispiel des „deutschen Beschäftigungswunders“ während der Finanzkrise zeigen die Autoren, dass die sogenannte Europäische Stabilisierungsfunktion in dieser Zeit nicht anreizkompatibel gewesen wäre und erhebliche Versuchungen für Fehlverhalten (Moral-hazard-Probleme) erzeugt hätte.
Was haben Dinge mit Migrationen zu tun? Einblicke in komplexe ‚Mensch-Objekt-Wanderungen‘ am Beispiel der Assemblage Fenstergefäß von Coswig
Authors: Schreiber Stefan
Published: August 2020

In der Archäologie wird Migration hauptsächlich mit menschlicher Mobilität in Verbindung gebracht. Die Mobilität von Ideen und Objekten wird hingegen als Diffusion oder Transfer beschrieben. Diese kategoriale Trennung wird in Frage gestellt und stattdessen ein alternatives Modell zu Migrationen angeboten, das sich auf die gegenseitige Abhängigkeit von Menschen, Ideen und Objekten konzentriert und nach ihren ‚Wanderungen‘ gefragt. Am Beispiel des spätkaiserzeitlich-frühvölkerwanderungszeitlichen Fenstergefäßes von Coswig (Sachsen-Anhalt) werden die Komplexität der aufgetretenen Verflechtungen, aber auch die Vorteile der Perspektive integrativer ‚Mensch-Objekt-Wanderungen‘ diskutiert. Ausgehend vom Verständnis von ‚Mensch-Objekt-Wanderungen‘ als Assemblagen wird demonstriert, welche Perspektiven ein solcher Ansatz des Neuen Materialismus für die archäologische Betrachtung von Migrationen bieten kann.
Systematic review: the impact of socioeconomic factors on Aedes aegypti mosquito distribution in the mainland United States
Authors: Holeva-Eklund Whitney M. , Behrens Timothy K. , Hepp Crystal M.
Published: August 2020

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are primary vectors of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika viruses. Ae. aegypti is highly anthropophilic and relies nearly exclusively on human blood meals and habitats for reproduction. Socioeconomic factors may be associated with the spread of Ae. aegypti due to their close relationship with humans. This paper describes and summarizes the published literature on the association between socioeconomic variables and the distribution of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in the mainland United States. A comprehensive search of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO Academic Search Complete through June 12, 2019 was used to retrieve all articles published in English on the association of socioeconomic factors and the distribution of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Additionally, a hand search of mosquito control association websites was conducted in an attempt to identify relevant grey literature. Articles were screened for eligibility using the process described in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Initially, 3,493 articles were identified through the database searches and previously known literature. After checking for duplicates, 2,145 articles remained. 570 additional records were identified through the grey literature search for a total of 2,715 articles. These articles were screened for eligibility using their titles and abstracts, and 2,677 articles were excluded for not meeting the eligibility criteria. Finally, the full text for each of the remaining articles (n=38) was read to determine eligibility. Through this screening process, 11 articles were identified for inclusion in this review. The findings for these 11 studies revealed inconsistent relationships between the studied socioeconomic factors and the distribution and abundance of Ae. aegypti. The findings of this review suggest a gap in the literature and understanding of the association between anthropogenic factors and the distribution of Ae. aegypti that could hinder efforts to implement effective public health prevention and control strategies should a disease outbreak occur.
Environmental disinfection against COVID-19 in different areas of health care facilities: a review
Authors: Sharafi Seyedeh Maryam , Ebrahimpour Karim , Nafez Amirhossein
Published: August 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in bats and human-to-human transmission through respiratory droplets and contact with surfaces of infected aerosol are the main ways of transmitting this virus. Until now, there is no effective pharmaceutical treatment; conclusively it is important to evaluate the types of applied disinfectants in different areas against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19. The aim of this review was to summarize the information about environmental disinfection for preventing of COVID-19. We performed a review of the science direct database to find articles providing information on disinfection used for SARS-CoV-2. The extracted results were given the original data on inactivation coronaviruses by disinfectants in different places of health care facilities. The final search recognized that five groups of disinfectants include: chlorine containing disinfectants, alcohol, UV irradiation, Hydrogen peroxide, and other disinfectant were used against SARS-CoV-2 in different environments. Among these groups, bleach (chlorine containing disinfectants) has the most applicability. Also, in many studies by using disinfectants with 62–71% ethanol can reduce coronavirus in contaminated areas. Furthermore, after the using of operating room for COVID-19 patients, hydrogen peroxide and UV irradiation should be used for 24 h before it can be used again. The povidone-iodine or the chlorhexidine, could be recommended when there is a risk of SARS-CoV-2 contamination especially for open wounds. According to the different studies on SARS-CoV-2 disinfection, because of the SARS-CoV-2 can remain in the air and on surfaces, as well as observing individual disinfection guidelines in different hospital areas, disinfection of surfaces is necessary to decrease SARS-CoV-2 spreading. Moreover, the most suggested disinfectants have been limited to bleach and alcohol, it’s better to be considered the potential of other disinfectants in different areas.
A new family of positive recurrent semimartingale reflecting Brownian motions in an orthant
Authors: Yaacoubi Abdelhak
Published: August 2020

Semimartingale reflecting Brownian motions (SRBMs) are diffusion processes, which arise as approximations for open d-station queueing networks of various kinds. The data for such a process are a drift vector θ, a nonsingular

d
×
d

{d\times d}

covariance matrix Δ, and a

d
×
d

{d\times d}

reflection matrix R. The state space is the d-dimensional nonnegative orthant, in the interior of which the processes evolve according to a Brownian motions, and that reflect against the boundary in a specified manner.
A standard problem is to determine under what conditions the process is positive recurrent. Necessary and sufficient conditions are formulated for some classes of reflection matrices and in two- and three-dimensional cases, but not more.
In this work, we identify a new family of reflection matrices R for which the process is positive recurrent if and only if the drift

θ
∈

Γ
̊

{\theta\in\mathring{\Gamma}}

, where

Γ
̊

{\mathring{\Gamma}}

is the interior of the convex wedge generated by the opposite column vectors of R.
Large deviations for stochastic differential equations with general delayed generator
Authors: Manga Clément , Aman Auguste
Published: August 2020

This paper is devoted to derive a Freidlin–Wentzell type of the large deviation principle for stochastic differential equations with general delayed generator. We improve the result of Chi Mo and Jiaowan Luo [C. Mo and J. Luo,
Large deviations for stochastic differential delay equations,
Nonlinear Anal. 80 2013, 202–210].
Exploring the impact of pain management programme attendance on complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) patients’ decision making regarding immunosuppressant treatment to manage their chronic pain condition
Authors: Murray Calum , Harrison Samantha , Goebel Andreas , Twiddy Hannah
Published: August 2020

Objectives

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a rare chronic pain condition for which no curative treatment exists. Patients in tertiary centres are often required to make decisions about treatment options. This study was conducted to explore how prior attendance of a pain management program might alter patients’ decision making processes.

Methods

This qualitative study uses focus groups to gather patient views on an immunosuppressant drug treatment (mycophenolate) for the management of CRPS. Participants were allocated to one of three focus groups based on their treatment journey; Group 1 (n=3) were involved in a recent mycophenolate drug trial; Group 2 (n=5) were neither involved in the trial nor attended a Pain Management Programme (PMP); Group 3 (n=6) were not involved in the trial but had attended a PMP. Outcomes were considered within the framework of Leventhal’s Common Sense Model (CSM) in relation to the decision making process.

Results

Thematic analysis identified differing themes for each group. Group 1: (1) Medication as a positive form of treatment, (2) The trial/drug and (3) Pacing. Group 2: (1) Medication as form of treatment, (2) Other forms of support/treatment and (3) Side effects of mycophenolate. Group 3: (1) Varied view of medication, (2) Consideration of other forms of support and (3) Side effects.

Conclusions

Attendance on a PMP might provide patients with skills to better manage uncertainty when faced with various treatment options. Leventhal’s model goes some way to explaining this. The specific importance of, and benefit from understanding pacing when commencing an effective drug treatment for chronic pain became apparent.
Construction of leading economic index for recession prediction using vine copulas
Authors: Lahiri Kajal , Yang Liu
Published: August 2020

This paper constructs a composite leading index for business cycle prediction based on vine copulas that capture the complex pattern of dependence among individual predictors. This approach is optimal in the sense that the resulting index possesses the highest discriminatory power as measured by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The model specification is semi-parametric in nature, suggesting a two-step estimation procedure, with the second-step finite dimensional parameter being estimated by QMLE given the first-step non-parametric estimate. To illustrate its usefulness, we apply this methodology to optimally aggregate the 10 leading indicators selected by The Conference Board (TCB) to predict economic recessions in the United States. In terms of the discriminatory power, our method is significantly better than the Index used by TCB.
Pluractionality in Hittite
Authors: Inglese Guglielmo , Mattiola Simone
Published: August 2020

Hittite features three derivational suffixes, i.e.,-ške/a-, -šša-, and -anna/i-, that attach to verbs and are commonly described as expressing a number of imperfective-like functions. So far, the distribution and use of these suffixes has defied a satisfactory explanation. Whereas some scholars argue that they operate within the domain of lexical aspect, others view them as associated with the encoding of grammatical imperfective aspect. In this paper, we focus on the interpretation of-ške/a-and argue that a better understanding of the nature of this suffix can be achieved if one frames its description within the typology of pluractional constructions. As we show, the range of polyfunctionality of-ške/a-fully complies with the cross-linguistic behavior of pluractional markers. We also provide a tentative diachronic scenario that accounts for the rise of such polyfunctionality out of the original semantic core of the suffix.
Reproducibility of C. I. P.-compatible dynamic pressure measurements
Authors: Slanina Oliver , Quabis Susanne , Wynands Robert
Published: August 2020

To ensure the safety of users like hunters and sports shooters, the dynamic pressure inside an ammunition cartridge must not exceed a maximum value. We have investigated the reproducibility of the dynamic measurement of the gas pressure inside civilian ammunition cartridges during firing, when following the rules formulated by the Permanent International Commission for the Proof of Small Arms (C. I. P.). We find an in-house spread of 0.8 % between maximum and minimum pressure for runs with the same barrel and of 1.8 % among a set of three barrels. This sets a baseline for the expected agreement in measurement comparisons between different laboratories. Furthermore, a difference of more than 3 % is found in a preliminary study of the influence of ammunition storage conditions.
The molecular footprints of COVID-19
Authors: Yilmaz Engin , Akyön Yakut , Serdar Muhittin
Published: August 2020

COVID-19 is the third spread of animal coronavirus over the past two decades, resulting in a major epidemic in humans after SARS and MERS. COVID-19 is responsible of the biggest biological earthquake in the world. In the global fight against COVID-19 some serious mistakes have been done like, the countries’ misguided attempts to protect their economies, lack of international co-operation. These mistakes that the people had done in previous deadly outbreaks. The result has been a greater economic devastation and the collapse of national and international trust for all. In this constantly changing environment, if we have a better understanding of the host-virus interactions than we can be more prepared to the future deadly outbreaks. When encountered with a disease which the causative is unknown, the reaction time and the precautions that should be taken matters a great deal. In this review we aimed to reveal the molecular footprints of COVID-19 scientifically and to get an understanding of the pandemia. This review might be a highlight to the possible outbreaks.
Diabetes does not affect motor recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Jang Seung Hwa , Kwak Sang Gyu , Chang Min Cheol
Published: August 2020

Background

This retrospective study evaluated whether diabetes affects motor outcome after stroke by analyzing the effects of diabetes on motor prognosis by controlling for critical factors, including lesion type and location, corticospinal tract (CST) state, patient age, lesion volume, and treatment method during the stroke.

Methodology

We recruited 221 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) of the basal ganglia. We used diffusion tensor tractography to investigate the CST state. We also evaluated the hemorrhage volume. We obtained information on the presence of diabetes and age by chart review. Motor outcomes at 6 months were measured using the upper and lower limb motricity index (MI), modified Brunnstrom classification (MBC), and functional ambulation category (FAC). We used multiple linear regression tests to investigate whether diabetes affected motor outcomes after stroke after adjusting for other factors, including CST state, age, lesion volume, and treatment method.

Results

The presence of diabetes was not correlated with motor outcome measurements, including upper and lower MIs, MBC, and FAC, at 6 months after the onset. However, the CST state, age, lesion volume, and treatment method were significantly correlated with nearly all motor outcomes.

Conclusions

We found that diabetes did not significantly affect motor outcomes after ICH.
Konstruktionsgrammatik: Konstruktionen ohne Grammatik?
Authors: Welke Klaus
Published: August 2020

Starting out from a critical questioning of Construction Grammar’s basic tenets I am advocating a version of Construction Grammar that should be primarily understood as based on the patterns evinced by grammatical operations. This approach aims for a theory of rule-governed operations over constructions and not for a theory of idiomaticity and non-(or restricted) compositionality.
Superstructure formation in Sc5Cu2In4
Authors: Gulay Nataliya L. , Hoffmann Rolf-Dieter , Zaremba Vasyl‘ I. , Kalychak Yaroslav M. , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: August 2020

Polycrystalline Sc5Cu2In4 was synthesized by induction melting of the elements and small single crystals were obtained by a slow cooling sequence. Sc5Cu2In4 is the first coinage metal representative in the family of the so-called 5-2-4 intermetallics. The Zr5Ir2In4 type structure of Sc5Cu2In4 was refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: Pnma, a = 1716.75(6), b = 677.94(12), c = 760.69(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0531, 1932 F2 values and 58 variables. Sc5Cu2In4 adopts a superstructure of the Lu5Ni2In4 type (doubling of the b axis and klassengleiche symmetry reduction from Pbam to Pnma), caused by dislocation of the copper atoms (puckering effect). Geometrically, Sc5Cu2In4 is a 4:1 intergrowth structure of distorted AlB2 and CsCl related slabs.
Synthesis, crystal structure, luminescence, and photocatalytic properties of a 2D Cu(II) metal-organic frameworks based on 3,5-di(1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)pyridine and 4,4′-oxybis(benzoate) ligands
Authors: Zhang Chen , Tao Jian-Qing
Published: August 2020

A new Cu(II) metal-organic framework, [Cu(L)(OBA)·H2O]
n
(1) [H2OBA = 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid), L = 3,5-di(1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)pyridine] was hydrothermally synthesized and characterized through IR spectroscopy, elemental and thermal analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 is a four-connected uni-nodal 2D net with a (44·62) topology which shows an emission centered at λ ∼393 nm upon excitation at λ = 245 nm. Moreover, complex 1 possesses high photocatalytic activities for the decomposition of Rhodamine B (RhB) under UV light irradiation.
Das Ytterbium(III)-Oxidbromid-Oxidotellurat(IV) Yb3O2Br[TeO3]2
Authors: Meier Steffen F. , Russ Philip L. , Schleid Thomas
Published: August 2020

The ytterbium(III) oxide bromide oxidotellu-rate(IV) Yb3O2Br[TeO3]2 was obtained from a mixture of Yb2O3, YbBr3 and TeO2 in a molar ratio of 2:1:2 along with an excess of KBr as fluxing agent in evacuated fused silica ampoules after 10 days at T = 800 °C and subsequent slow cooling to room temperatures as colorless, plate-shaped single crystals. Its triclinic crystal structure (a = 663.97(5), b = 697.46(5), c = 1080.15(8) pm, α = 105.102(3), β = 90.931(3), γ = 100.034(3)°; Z = 2, space group: P

1
‾

$‾{1}$

) displays three crystallographically different Yb3+ cations with coordination numbers of six, seven and eight. Six out of eight distinct oxygen atoms belong to two independent ψ1-tetrahedral [TeO3]2−anions, whereas the other two represent O2− anions in tetrahedral coordination of four Yb3+ cations each, not having any contact to tellurium. Condensed via common vertices and edges, these [OYb4]10+ tetrahedra form cationic layers

∞
2

${}_{\infty }{}^{2}$

{[O2Yb3]5+}, which spread out parallel to the (001) plane. Two discrete [TeO3]2− groups and one Br− anion per formula unit take care of their three-dimensional interconnection along [001] and the overall charge balance of Yb3O2Br[TeO3]2. Remarkable interactions between the lone pair of electrons at the Te4+ cations of the ψ1-tetrahedral [TeO3]2− anions and those at the Br− anions are discussed.
Die Regelung von Interessenkonflikten im Seerecht des späten 13. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Cordes Albrecht
Published: August 2020

Conflicts of interests in maritime law in the 13th century: A comparison. Almost simultaneously, at the end of the 13th century, maritime laws were written down all around Europe. This coincidence invites to a synchronic comparative study. The paper compares three different matters on varying abstraction levels: jettison, mariner’s labour law, and situations of common decision building before and during the voyage. The outcome, as in any comparison, are differences and similarities – differences in the degree of the lord’s (king’s, duke’s) influence, but also, e.g., due to the presence of a ship notary on Mediterranean ships. More importantly, the maritime laws less influenced from above abound with casuistic details, apparently products of negotiation processes between the involved parties, including seamen who appear as an influential and self-confident group. Despite the climatic differences between Norway and the Mediterranean, the challenges posed by the characteristics of seafaring in general resemble one another a lot. The solutions however differ greatly and bristle with creative variety. The maritime law of the 13th century looks a lot like a giant experimental lab. Tendencies towards a stronger unification and implementation of certain solutions only belong to the following century.
Religion und Recht bei Savigny
Authors: Rückert Joachim
Published: August 2020

Religion and Law in Savigny. The subject is old and new at the same time. It’s well known that the relation of law and religion in Savigny seems to be a central point in his system of law. But the relation itself and the more concrete consequences have not yet been investigated in the rather scattered sources. The study undertakes some first steps in this direction.

Inhalt: Einleitung, I. Christlich nach 1789, II. Religion und Recht bei Savigny: Quellenlage, III. Christliches im Recht bei Savigny, IV. Ergebnis
Einbürgern und Ausschließen. Staatsangehörigkeit und Bürgerrecht in Deutschland während des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Gosewinkel Dieter
Published: August 2020

Naturalizing and excluding. Nationality and citizenship law in 19th and 20th century Germany. Nationality law in Germany came up as a legal institution of German federal states at the beginning of 19th century and underwent a process of nationalization. The principle of descent (Abstammungsprinzip), which was – before a legal reform in 2000 – hegemonic, was used to define German nationality primarily as a community of ethno-cultural descent. This restrictive use of German nationality law did not establish, however, a direct line of conceptual and political continuity between ‘ethno-cultural’ and ‘racial’ criteria, and it was primarily based on a politico-social constellation of political, demographic and national instability, not on a specific German national discourse.
Die Rechtswissenschaft unter dem Kriegsregime in Japan: 1931–1952
Authors: Rückert Joachim , Matsumoto Naoko
Published: August 2020

The Jurisprudence under the wartime regime in Japan: 1931–1952. In 2016, a book was published in Tokyo with the title “Senji-taisei to Hōgakusha: 1931–1952” (The Wartime Regime and Legal Scholars: 1931–1952) as the first collective work about sixteen diverse legal scholars under the economic and political system of total war in Japan. This invited article summarizes the main points of the book from the viewpoint of one of its editors and explains why it was written now, and why not until now.
Die Wiederaufnahme des akademischen Betriebs an der Göttinger Juristischen Fakultät nach 1945 bis ca. 1949
Authors: Schwab Sebastian
Published: August 2020

The resumption of academic life at the Law Faculty of Goettingen University 1945–1949. Full professors at German law faculties after World War II have been the subject of extensive research. But little is known about other academic staff, the students or the way the rules of their examinations were made. In this article, Goettingen’s Law school serves as an example of how things and people changed or continued after supposed “Stunde Null”.
Zu den klassischen Ursprüngen des Verjährungsrechts
Authors: Lehne-Gstreinthaler Christine
Published: August 2020

The Roots of Prescription in Classical Roman Law: While it is widely presumed that prescription did not exist in Classical Roman Law, the author intends to show that, within certain areas of law, prescription was already in existence in Augustan times. The praescriptio temporis was used in penal and civil procedure alike and was submitted during preliminary proceedings. The most prominent prescription, the praescriptio longi temporis, stemmed from Roman fiscal law and potentially originated in Flavian times.
Teaching Roman Law in the 21st Century: A note on legal-historical education in the Netherlands
Authors: Hallebeek Jan
Published: August 2020

Can Roman law still be a useful part of the compulsory curricular programme for legal education in the Netherlands? At the beginning of the nineteenth century Roman law taught the student a further systematization of private law. Later it was seen as an introduction to present-day private law, irrespective of whether it was taught in a pandectistic or a more historical way. For the second half of the twentieth century three divergent approaches could be discerned i.e. a ‘pandectistic’, a ‘neo-humanistic’ and a ‘legal historical’ one. Given this until recently existing state of legal education, various premises can be formulated, which preferably should underlie the teaching of Roman law in the near future, viz. an applicative approach, a connection with legal historical research, the awareness that the civilian tradition is not the only one and that it only started with the glossators, and avoiding anachronisms.
In tema di responsabilità nossale del nudo proprietario
Authors: D’Angelo Giacomo
Published: August 2020

On the noxal liability of the naked owner. According to an ancient and undisputed opinion the owner of a servus fructuarius could be sued noxally only if he had hired the slave from the usufructuary. The author aims at remediating this view by arguing that the owner of a servus fructuarius was already as such noxally liable if he was able to surrender the slave to the victim.
Zum Text von D. 27,1,8pr. (Mod. 3 excus.) und C. 5,65,2 (Gord.; a. 239)
Authors: Kaiser Wolfgang
Published: August 2020

Reconstruction of D. 27,1,8pr. (Mod. 3 excus.) and C. 6,65,2 (Gord.; a. 239). The Codex Florentinus, sole witness of the complete Graeca Modestini, is partially illegible at D. 27,1,8pr. This paper argues that the damaged part read πάντων πάλαι στρατιωτῶν, against Mommsen’s rendering (ἢ πάντων πάλαι στρατιωτῶν). Further, it proposes an emendation to Krüger’s text of C. 5,65,2 on the basis of the indirect Greek tradition that goes contrary to the Latin manuscripts.
Emanzipation als rite de passage
Authors: Sirks A.J.B.
Published: August 2020

Emanzipation as rite de passage. Formula Visigothica 34 (7th c.) describes an emancipation. The text suggests that sons of Romans had an expectation to be released in this way from the paternal power when they reached the age of majority. Emancipation was specifically dealt with in their law, the Lex Romana Visigothorum. Some of these do not figure in Justinian’s Code. They might fit the gap, otherwise filled by excerpts from the Theodosian Code, which, however, C. 8,48,6 of 531 would have made outdated. Form. 34 treats the emancipation as a rite de passage. As such it would have accommodated those peoples, made Roman in 212, whose children normally reached majority at a certain age but now were subjected to the Roman patria potestas-system. In this way the old situation would be restored within the Roman setting. Two Theodosian constitutions indicate indeed such a general use.
DESIGN OF “PUTRI KUMALA” POP-UP BOOK AS CHILDREN STORYTELLING
Authors: Rizka Maulia
Published: August 2020

Storytelling is a positive activity that can help stimulate various aspects of child development. Storytelling activities were usually done by parents or storytellers for their children. Folklore is one of many stories on the topic of storytelling. But with the development of folklore as a topic in storytelling increasingly displaced by the influx of foreign culture. Princess Kumala is one of the folk stories from the Semarang Regency that has an interesting storyline and contains moral values that can be exemplary. In this study project, the author wanted to visualize the folklore of Princess Kumala into a pop-up book as a media in storytelling. Pop-up books can offer a new experience of reading stories more interestingly and interactively. With the creation of pop-up book, Princess Kumala is expected to be an interactive media for parents or storytellers in delivering a story. As well as a means of preservation of local folklore
Endocrine aspects of ACE2 regulation: RAAS, steroid hormones and SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Young Morag J , Clyne Colin D , Chapman Karen E
Published: August 2020

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a new strain of coronavirus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2. At the time of writing, SARS-CoV-2 has infected over 5 million people worldwide. A key step in understanding the pathobiology of the SARS-CoV-2 was the identification of -converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 to gain entry into host cells. ACE2 is an established component of the ‘protective arm’ of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) that opposes ACE/angiotensin II (ANG II) pressor and tissue remodelling actions. Identification of ACE2 as the entry point for SARS-CoV-2 into cells quickly focused attention on the use of ACE inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) in patients with hypertension and cardiovascular disease given that these pharmacological agents upregulate ACE2 expression in target cells. ACE2 is cleaved from the cells by metalloproteases ADAM10 and ADAM17. Steroid hormone receptors regulate multiple components of the RAAS and may contribute to the observed variation in the incidence of severe COVID-19 between men and women, and in patients with pre-existing endocrine-related disease. Moreover, glucocorticoids play a critical role in the acute and chronic management of inflammatory disease, independent of any effect on RAAS activity. Dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, has emerged as a life-saving treatment in severe COVID-19. This review will examine the endocrine mechanisms that control ACE2 and discusses the impact of therapies targeting the RAAS, glucocorticoid and other endocrine systems for their relevance to the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the treatment and recovery from COVID-19-related critical illness.
La financiación pública del cine documental en Galicia a través de las subvenciones de la Xunta en el periodo 2013-2018
Authors: Navarro Otero Pedro
Published: August 2020

Este artículo analiza las ayudas concedidas por la Xunta de Galicia a obras documentales en el periodo 2013-2018 para así tratar de establecer en qué medida las instituciones públicas de la comunidad financian este género cinematográfico. Para eso se realiza un repaso histórico de las políticas audiovisuales llevadas a cabo desde la Transición, cuando la Administración autonómica adquirió las competencias para el fomento y la promoción del audiovisual, y se expone cual es la situación en el presente. En la actualidad, la entidad encargada de la concesión de estas subvenciones es la Axencia Galega das Industrias Culturais (Agadic), que convoca anualmente cuatro ayudas al audiovisual: a la producción, para el desarrollo, al talento y para la promoción y distribución. Mediante el análisis de las ayudas concedidas y los proyectos subvencionados se trata de determinar cómo financia cada una cine documental y qué tipo de obra premia.
Cuerpo y democracia: sobre las formas de estar juntos en las producciones audiovisuales infantiles
Authors: Weckesser Cintia
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo interroga las propuestas audiovisuales para la primera infancia atendiendo a los modos de estar juntos que se presentan y promueven, desde un abordaje que articula aportes de la educación, la psicomotricidad, el análisis del discurso y la sociología. Se presenta el marco de discusiones en el que se construyen nuestras preguntas de trabajo, se señalan las que consideramos aristas no exploradas para problematizar la oferta audiovisual infantil y se avanza en la producción y puesta a prueba de un instrumento para el análisis de esas producciones audiovisuales. Consideramos, a modo de supuesto, que en las maneras en que se construyen los relatos y se configuran sujetos, espacios y tiempos; es posible identificar nuevas claves para pensar el modo en que se configuran vínculos, formas de reconocimiento y de relación democráticas.
Igualdad de género y animación infantil en España: Myriam Ballesteros.
Authors: Martínez Pérez Natalia , Cuenca Orellana Nerea
Published: August 2020

Los medios de comunicación transmiten valores, normas de comportamiento y modelos de actuación que se convierten en referentes para la sociedad, especialmente para la infancia, cuando su discurso es aceptado. Es por ello importante reparar en el tratamiento que los contenidos infantiles otorgan a cuestiones como el género. Las series de animación infantil realizadas en España comienzan a emitirse en la televisión nacional a partir de los años ochenta y cuarenta años después, las series españolas se han consolidado como un soporte para la producción de dibujo animado que también vende a otros países. Al mismo tiempo, la presencia de mujeres en todos los departamentos involucrados en la producción de películas, cortos y series de animación ha crecido también, una circunstancia muy alejada a la de hace cinco décadas, cuando su trabajo se reducía a “hacer el color”. A partir de la trayectoria de la directora y showrunner Myriam Ballesteros, el presente texto examina la situación de las mujeres creadoras en la animación española y ofrece un análisis de los valores que vehicula una de sus series de mayor éxito: Lola y Virginia (Disney Channel: 2006-2009).