bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Pulses Production: Technologies and Strategies
Authors: Gangwar B , Singh A.K.
Published: April 2023

The book would serve to sensitize the planners and policy makers as well as the local agricultural development officials to explore and implement region-specific strategy for enhancing pulses production by incorporating these in the prevailing farming systems by harnessing the available technological potential. Moreover, various technological options and strategies presented in this book would also be useful for all the stakeholders to realize the target of pulses production in near future.
Essentials of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging
Authors: Ansari Md. M
Published: April 2023

Radiology and ultrasound are the primary diagnostic imaging techniques available to the veterinarian. The responsibility to provide useful diagnostic images usually falls on the shoulders of the veterinary radiologist/radiographer. The book has twenty four s prepared as per the syllabus framed by Veterinary Council of India (VCI) will assist veterinary students in their understanding the radiology and other diagnostic imaging technology in veterinary discipline and act as an excellent complement to the students both at undergraduate and postgraduate level, interns, veterinarian who are called upon to diagnose an unfamiliar species. Present book is aimed to provide a s: review questions, contains more than two hundred solved objective types questions for various entrance tests viz: Pre- P.G, ICAR-JRF, ICAR-SRF, ARS, Pre-IAS, State PSC, State civil services examination and interviews. At the end, available glossary literature on imaging related terms has been incorporated for the benefit of ready and quick revision. The subject matter in the book is so graded that undergraduate and post-graduate students, veterinary surgeons working in the field, teachers and as well as research scholar in veterinary surgery and those interested in the welfare of the farmers could benefit from the book.
Engineering Hydrology (Co-Published With Crc Press,Uk)
Authors: Panigrahi Balram , Panigrahi Kajal
Published: April 2023

The book is written in a simple and lucid style that can help students who do not have sufficient knowledge and exposure to the subject before. The book contains a lot of basic knowledge in the field of hydrology. A number of sample calculations in each chapter are presented in the book which will help the students to understand the subject matter very easily. The various chapters of the book are well designed, written in systematic way and are prepared from the class notes prepared for the students besides utilizing long practical field experiences of the authors. Book will also help students in the streams of Meteorology, forestry, environmental engineering, geology and earth sciences. Besides serving as a text book, the book is intended to be very helpful for persons dealing in the areas of Agriculture, Agricultural and Civil Engineering. It will serve as an invaluable resource for all academicians, planners, designers, practicing and field engineers in the area of water resources evaluation, development and management. The book contains 102 sample calculations, 105 tables and 154 figures and more than 145 references and several field experimental results which will be of immense help to the students and practitioners.
Entomology: Novel Approaches
Authors: Jain P.C , Bhargava M.C.
Published: April 2023

The book gives a vast knowledge about the progress made in Indian on different entomological aspects. the book will serve as a  complete source book on research techniques and practices of pests management , advanced genetic and biotechnological researches, new pests management technologies on different crops, pesticidal contamination status in environment. The book has been written for teachers, students, researchers and extension workers engaged in pests management strategies
Entomology: An Illustrated Textbook
Authors: Sehgal P.K.
Published: April 2023

The book has been written in simple and lucid language keeping in view all the grades of students. Divided into 19 chapters covering adequate detailed information about the subject area with illustrations to support the text, makes the book a must read for all the students.
Entrepreneurship and Skill Development in Horticultural Processing
Authors: Sudheer K.P , Indira V
Published: April 2023

A publication of the sort “Entrepreneurship and Skill Development in Horticultural Processing” covering various facets of entrepreneurial opportunities in processing sector. The editors have made an exhaustive effort to provide information on various entrepreneurial opportunities in food processing sector. This book clarifies most of the technical questions which arises on entrepreneurship ventures in food processing sector. Also, the book will be useful to prospective entrepreneurs, food engineers, agricultural engineers, food processors, food technologists, researchers and also to those who are working in the relevant fields
Ethnomedicinal Plants Resource of Orissa Vol 01
Authors: Sahoo A.K.
Published: April 2023

Traditional medicine and ethnobotanical research, particularly when the literature and field work data have been properly evaluated. India is one of the twelve mega biodiversity countries of the world having rich in vegetables with a wide variety of plants with medicinal value. In many countries, scientific investigations of medicinal plants have been initiated because of their contribution to healthcare. Herbal medicines have good values in treating many diseases including infectious diseases, hypertension, etc. That they can save lives of many particularly in the developing countries is undisputable. Even today many local and indigenous communities in the Asian countries meet their basic needs from the products they manufacture and sell based on their traditional knowledge. Herbal drugs obtained from plants are believed to be much safer, this has been proved in the treatment of various ailments. Rural communities, in particular scheduled caste tribes, depend on plant resources mainly herbal medicines, food, forage, construction of dwellings, making household implements, sleeping mats, and for fire and shade. Rural people not only depend on wild plants as sources of food, medicine, fodder and fuel, but have also developed methods of resource management, which may be fundamental to the conservation of some of the world's important habitats. The objective of this book is to popularize the ethno medicinal plants species used by the tribals in Kalahandi district of Orissa and the traditional medical practices of the local tribes. Such attempt will protect the traditional knowledge practices of indigenous peoples from disappearing of knowledge and helps in conservation of biological resources for sustainable use. (jacket)
Engineering Vision Technology: Revolution and Optimism (Co-Published With Press,Uk)
Authors: Ghosh Pulendu
Published: April 2023

We live in the world where nothing is difficult, if there is market. There is therefore the dilemma of want and need. Technology wants, what life wants. Using technologies, it seems, it is possible to do anything and produce anything. The centre of gravity of engineering profession is shifting. The world wants confident engineers who can foresee and manage the unknown and unexpected problems. Engineers are expected to understand global issues, and the nuances of working in a culturally diverse space. They are expected to appreciate, more than before, the human dimensions of emerging technologies. There are many questions, such as - Do I take pride in designing a thing and manufacturing it, as I take pride in packaging it? Are we cultivating the right kind of engineering mindset? What a general engineering toolkit must contain? Are there enough challenging jobs in the manufacturing industry to attract good engineers? Is it right to allow the creation of future elites who have augmented themselves with artificial intelligence and genetic engineering, without inventing a way to manage their superhuman abilities? Can there be better engineering than life itself? Should we be optimistic about the future of technology? Are we working harder than we are required to work? Can technology improve work-life balance? Is the society ready to accept the exponential development challenges? These, and many such issues are the concerns of science, engineering, technology and society. This book is an attempt to deliberate upon these issues for the welfare of humankind.
Enterprising Agriculture: Market Awareness,Farm Innovation and Value Addition
Authors: Banerjee Sharmishtha
Published: April 2023

Agriculture is not merely a simple way of living anymore. The primary sector employs more than 30% of the country’s labour force and contributes about 15 % to India’s GDP. Moreover, India being an avid exporter of agricultural production, it also brings in foreign exchange of 35 Billion . Therefore, engagement of farmers is not as simple an activity as we would like to believe. Being a state subject, private sector engagement along with state support would bring in advancement of agricultural cooperation, modernization and digitalization for effective innovation in the field. The agricultural value chain ranging from inputs to marketing has a lot of gaps, which in turn can be utilized as opportunities for entrepreneurial interventions. This book comprises articles and research papers that deal extensively in three key focus areas, which is its unique proposition. A novel collection, it brings together writings on (i) Entrepreneurial Innovations that Impact Agriculture, (ii) Government Policies and Interventions in Entrepreneurship and (iii) Farmers’ Development and Welfare through Agriculture. For ‘Entrepreneurial Innovations that Impact Agriculture’, the authors discuss BOP Model for Satellite data, Vertical and Sustainable Farming, Innovations in Agriculture and Solar-Water Pump, Packaging and Harvest & Post-harvest Wastages. The section on ‘Government Policies and Interventions in Entrepreneurship’ has articles on Agricultural Insurance, Staple Food Pricing, Intellectual Property Rights in agriculture, Corporate Governance, Organic Farming and Women farmers. ‘Farmers’ Development and Welfare through Agriculture’ has authors writing about Infrastructure Investment and Rural Entrepreneurship, Food Processing, Marketing Intelligence, CropInsurance and Market Performances. The articles in this book aim to bring to the reader a heterogenous collection about entrepreneurial opportunities in agriculture. The basic Indian way of life, is not just production of crops by marginal farmers, but opens up a gamut of activities that touch upon different avenues in economic being with the hope of developing the primary sector holistically. The book is a humble attempt to encourage readers to think of agriculture as a domain where innovation touches lives and creates enormous impact in multiple dimensions of society
Ethnobotany for Foresters
Authors: Singh, Kaushal , Bisht Vinita
Published: April 2023

India is one of the most religiously and ethnically diverse nations in the world with some of the most deeply religious societies and cultures. Different societies use plants according to their own beliefs, knowledge and experiences. Their knowledge about the use of the plants is usually not known to other societies and scientists. This book is a compilation of existing literature, field visits, and interactions with renowned personalities working in the similar field. We have attempted to cover ethnobotany syllabus for UG Forestry as per the recommendations of the Fifth Deans Committee Report, ICAR. This book may assist students preparing for the ASRB scientist, NET exam, ICFRE scientist exam and entrance exams for higher studies
Endangering police officers in Serbia: Brief review on criminal law aspect
Authors: Leštanin Branko
Published: April 2023

The police profession is a very complicated area of social life because police officers perform one of the most complex tasks in society, which includes the fight against crime, maintaining public order and peace, security at sports events and other police work. The author deals with the research of endangering police officers when performing police tasks and in connection with police tasks. The normative method was used to analyze the criminal law aspects of endangering police officers, where the emphasis was placed on the police officer as a passive subject of felony and misdemeanors. An analysis of the content of documents containing statistical indicators on aggravated murders, attacks, and obstruction of police officers for the period 2016-2020 in Serbia was performed. The collected data were first processed and then presented in tables and graphical models in the paper, and certain conclusions were drawn by the method of synthesis and on the basis of performed analyses. The research shows that penal policy is mild, so in the future special programs and projects should be designed in order to make citizens aware of the harmfulness of endangering police officers and at the same time show positive examples of cooperation between the police and the citizens.
Internal control and disciplinary accountability of security and intelligence service members and police officers in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Mitić Ivana
Published: April 2023

With the legal authority to apply special measures and the procedure of secret information collection, the data security services have a certain "power" and any power, if not controlled, can be abused. In addition to control by the legislature, the executive and the judiciary, as well as by independent bodies and the public, internal control of the security services and disciplinary responsibility of their members are of great importance. Internal control is designed as the closest level of control and is intended to initially prevent and sanction the commission of abuses within the security services. The closeness and close connection with those over whom control is exerted raise a logical question of bias and objectivity. Internal control mechanisms are primarily required to be "out of the system" while monitoring and undertaking their work activities, which is not easily sustainable in practice.
For their eyes only
Authors: Calado Barbosa , Perini-Santos Ernesto
Published: April 2023

When and why do we need the indexical 'I'? Perry (1979) thinks that 'I' is an essential ingredient to the explanation and prediction of action. We need 'I' to classify the kind of belief that causes an agent to produce a new action. In his view, classifying the agent's belief in terms of 'I' makes sense because, when asked to explain her behavior, the agent will be disposed to say 'I'. Here, we argue that this dispositional assumption is problematic. The disposition to act according to an essential indexical and the disposition to make a speech act that contains 'I' are two very different things that are not always related. The most common circumstances in which we need to say 'I' to explain ourselves involve other agents: when we coordinate in joint actions or when we engage in self-talk to save face before the eyes of potential witnesses. Finally, we revisit Perry's famous messy shopper anecdote to offer a better story about why its main character is disposed to say 'I'.
The impact of digital money on monetary and fiscal policy
Authors: Vujović Dušan
Published: April 2023

Digital money era is in full swing. It has already changed the structure of the global monetary system. Like industrial revolutions of the past few centuries, the digital money revolution is based on: (i) new IT and accounting technology (crypto algorithms, distributed ledger technology, internet, and deep penetration of smart phones), and (ii) demand for greater financial inclusion, and for more efficient financial services. The advent of unregulated private mobile money with more than 4 billion users and trillions of dollars in financial transaction has awakened fears of monetary system instability and dwindling traction of the old monetary and fiscal policy. The response has been a relentless effort by more than 100 central banks around the world to develop a public digital currency. Retail CBDCs issued by central banks will be available to everybody to provide stability and liquidity to the financial system in times of need. There will be uncertainties and challenges regarding the conduct of monetary and fiscal policy. Many expected improvements will come with inevitable tradeoffs in the speed and effectiveness of monetary policy transmission, and in achieving greater fiscal transparency without violating individual rights and privacy. Serbia will benefit greatly from improved fiscal transparency and reduced shadow economy associated with digital money revolution. At the same time it will be vulnerable to currency substitution pressures from future digital Euro and reduced traction of monetary policy in the presence of multiple e-money flows. Timely legal preparations for bank-led mobile money and Central Bank digital cash, and applied research of complex future policy risks is strongly advised.
Crisis management in the function of effective destination management
Authors: Petković Goran , Bradić-Martinović Aleksandra , Pindžo Renata
Published: April 2023

Contemporary destination management implies a broader mandate that has shifted the focus from traditional marketing and promotional activities to strategic planning, coordination, and management activities, integrating various stakeholders with a common goal. However, environmental influences, especially negative ones, to which tourism is highly susceptible, as shown by practice in recent years, also affect the overall destination management process. The integration of crisis management into the destination management process assumes that specific procedures exist, adequate task forces are organised, and all necessary resources are recognized, planned and activated at the onset of the crisis. Recent experiences have shown that destinations like Serbia, which failed to establish a destination management system, face much more significant challenges regarding crisis management in tourism. Given that we are increasingly living in the so-called VUCA environment, tourism crisis management is exposed to unique challenges and requires special skills and leadership that will be activated in risky moments. In addition, it is essential to establish institutions with clearly defined tasks and capacities because only the synergy of skills and knowledge, on the one hand, and institutions (structures) will enable successful crisis management in tourism.
Challenges in water, sanitation, and hygiene within the 2030 agenda for sustainable development in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Paunović Katarina , Jovanović Dragana
Published: April 2023

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a global strategic framework of seventeen goals to be achieved within a decade. The recent Progress Report shows that Serbia made steps toward reaching targets within the sustainable development goal (SDG) 6 related to the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. While 82% of the population in urban areas has access to safe drinking water, the country needs to regulate water supply systems and individual water sources in rural areas. Hygienically correct water is a prerequisite for preventing the transmission of fecal-oral diseases. The biggest challenge under the SDG 6 is safe sanitation management, available to 18% of the population. A national on-site study in Serbia identified issues with the containment, emptying, transport, and final disposal of excreta. The key actions must be connecting households to public sewers, regulating management of septic tanks, and investing in environmentally safe wastewater treatment plants. The Progress Report claims that 98% of the population has access to hand-washing facilities with soap and water within the household. This highlights the importance of providing hygienically correct water not only for drinking and sanitation, but for personal hygiene, hand washing, laundry, cleaning, and other household needs. Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are of prime importance in public institutions. Several studies in Serbia reported inadequate sanitary-hygienic conditions in schools and healthcare facilities in rural areas. WASH in schools and healthcare facilities not only contributes to reducing the spread of infectious diseases but also supports the healthy habits of pupils and patients and promotes the good health of the entire population. We propose the public health system ensure long-term supervision over water supply, sanitation services, and hygiene in households, schools, and healthcare facilities through continuous monitoring programs in line with the indicators and targets of the 2030 Agenda.
Risk factors for the development of hypertension in medical students of the college of vocational studies in Subotica
Authors: Požar Hajnalka , Jelačik Laura , Čamprag-Sabo Nataša
Published: April 2023

Arterial hypertension belongs to the group of the most common cardiovascular diseases and represents elevated blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg. A significant risk factor for the development of hypertension is improper diet, lack of physical activity, excess body weight or consumption of alcohol and cigarettes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the level of blood pressure and the risk factors of hypertension present among student population. The research was conducted in the form of a cross-sectional study among students of the College of Vocational Studies in Subotica, during summer semester 2022. The research instrument was a survey questionnaire designed for the needs of this study, as well as a digital "Microlife" tensiometer. The SPSS 20 program was used for statistical analysis. 33 students participated in the research, mostly women (91%), average age 26 years. The average systolic arterial blood pressure of the subjects was 118/74 mmHg. In 15% of the subjects, we found elevated systolic blood pressure, and in 18%, elevated diastolic blood pressure. The conducted research revealed the presence of risk factors in daily habits, such as smoking in two thirds of respondents, habits of subsequent salting of food and consumption of sweets, coffee in more than half of respondents. In order to reduce these impacts, it is necessary to carry out health and educational work with the younger population in order to raise awareness about the prevention of hypertension.
Energy saving motors for sewing machines
Authors: Nemeša Ineta
Published: April 2023

During the current year the costs of natural gas has raised about 10 times, electricity prices have increased the similar dramatic way. However, textile industry still widely uses old generation machinery which consumes a lot of energy. New sewing machines in the market are available with two kinds of motors - traditional clutch motors and advanced servo motors. The old type clutch motors use maximum energy all the working day while the machine is switched on. The energy consumption of the servo motors depends on sewing speed and time. When the sewing process is stopped, servo motors operate in stand-by mode. Servo motors ensure to the sewing machine up to 70% less energy consumption than traditional clutch motors. They also ensure 15-30% higher work efficiency. The servo motors for sewing machines are widely available in the marker. The replacement of clutch motors to servo motors on the sewing machines is not complicated process.
New ways of fashion presentation in the digital age period
Authors: Kertakova Marija , Efremov Jordan , Kocaleva Mirjana
Published: April 2023

The tendency of dressing in the new so-called "digital age" in the new not only fashionable but also global period is this - the individual needs to feel modern and unique, in that order it is necessary for him to be a part of the new world filled with avant-garde, co-formism, eclecticism, mega-popular goals, semiotic universals, to be outside the limits of the normal, generally accepted and conventional. Of course the same goals are in sync with the global world, its policies, social arrangements, rules and principles, not only in fashion but also in life in general. The fact that events in life and global changes (regardless of their nature) affect the changes that take place in fashion and the fashion world is undeniable. Today, we encounter modern materials, a product of new technology and science in general, which enable a greater level of sustainability and usability. Their representation in the collections is not accidental, the fact that the fashion shows are becoming ultra-modern, which are presented in an absolutely unconventional way by ultra-modern supermodels, requires the appropriate production of the same models from suitable materials that will correspond to the technology of the new century. The idea is to present a fashion collection in the most modern way possible - virtually, with the latest technology, through a modern mix of social platforms, supported by the most avant-garde models, in the most exotic places, in the most unusual way possible, complemented by modern technology, complemented by brilliant stage effects.
On the programmatic foundation of the collections of artists' portraits and their works in the 16th century
Authors: Milosavljević Angelina
Published: April 2023

The origin of the idea to establish art collections in various socio-cultural contexts represents a special topic of the museum history, on one hand, and of the institutionalization of art, on the other. The expressions of the intentions to form certain collections, especially art collections, in order to preserve the memory of the art works and the likeness of their creators still stir the scholarly debates. The creation of art collections as such, and along with them the collections of artists' portraits and self-portraits, is the result of several trends in the renaissance concept of art. One is the status of liberal arts, which the fine arts, especially painting, gradually assumed since the beginning of 15th century, owing to Leon Battista Alberti's Treatise on Painting. Another phenomenon that contributed to this process is the formation of the value system of art in the 16th century art theory, with Giorgio Vasari as its main proponent. We would like to point to certain other instances that anticipated the tendency to form art collections. One such instance is the collection of portraits of famous men that Paolo Giovio, the prominent humanist, started to acquire in 1521. Another instance is the room in Giorgio Vasari's house in Arezzo with the portraits of artists, which he had painted in early 1540s. Yet another is the cycle of graphic representations of artists' portraits that appeared in the second edition of Vasari's Lives, in 1568, as mnemonic devices to accompany the literary portraits. Concurrent with the design of the illustrated edition of the Lives were the preparations for the establishment of the Academy of the Arts of Drawing (Accademia del Disegno), founded in 1563, whose Statute introduced the need to form a collection of artists' portraits and an art collection featuring their works. These were supposed to serve didactic purposes, in the first place, but also to preserve the memory of the artistic forebears. It paved the way for the future academic art collections, such as the Borromeo's Milan Ambrosiana that was created as an art academy. All these played important roles in the establishment of a visible history that grew into museum that shaped the memory of art and its history, not only by exhibition of the art works, but also by exhibition and preservation of the portraits of their creators. Moreover, they established the practice, the obligation, of artists to leave to their artistic progeny not only their works but also their likeness that became the image and the guarantee of a newly established history, the history of art.
Between exceptionalism and tradition: Pictures of the council and the Last Supper and the dedication of the church in Sopoćani
Authors: Milanović Vesna
Published: April 2023

The paper examines a part of the iconographic program in the narthex of the representative church, endowed by the Serbian king Uroš I and dedicated to the Holy Trinity. With its layout, the program is linked to the central field of the wall above the entrance to the nave and bears the characteristics of the focal point of the corresponding whole. It includes a thematic segment with a group of representations that, based on today's knowledge of painted material, can be classified as novelties and exceptional solutions. The cycle of Ecumenical Councils, with the attached depiction of a Serbian council, and the Last Supper, as the core of the group, are viewed from an angle from which they were not illuminated before. The unusual selection of scenes and the unique composition of the thematic group become clearer when one considers the scenes' place on the line that connects three important 'points' of Sopoćani's spatial and programmatic structure on the west-east axis. The 'council wall', with the Last Supper in its 'heart' communicates topographically, visually and semantically with the representation of Pentecost, which signalled the 'identity of the holy place' on the original 'face' of the building in Sopoćani (altered by later painting), at the entrance to the narthex. Moreover, the painted wall is in an equally multiple (topographical, visual, and semantic) correlation with the themes that mark the iconographic program in the sanctuary and around the opening leading into it. Apart from the repeated representation of the Pentecost, this time with a position on the wall field above the opening of the sanctuary apse, and apart from the typological representation of the Holy Trinity, situated in the eastern half of the south choir's vault, the representations in the central part of the apse are particularly relevant for observations about the parallelism and special complementarity of the themes in the sanctuary and the narthex. This is a unity consisting of a 'liturgical' variant of the Last Supper (i.e., Communion of the Apostles) and two scenes of the Appearance of the Risen Christ to the Apostles, identified with the theme of the Sending out of the Apostles-all in the same register-as well as the composition of Officiating Church Fathers in the register below, which as their coevals also includes archbishops of the Serbian Church, positioned immediately below the rendering of the Apostolic Mission. The resulting findings of the present study is the existence of a special connection of the thematic repertoire with the dedication of the church and the reception of that connection as a kind of starting point in the process of envisaging and shaping a whole with a multi-layered meaning. As it appears, a conventional framework was consciously chosen and used as an 'undercover' for additional, daring allusions.
Demencias neurodegenerativas
Authors: Bayliss-Amaya Leo , Bringas-Bojórquez Bladimir Ivan
Published: April 2023

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Avances en el conocimiento de la función plaquetaria y su alteración congénita
Authors: Aguilera-Duarte Luis José
Published: April 2023

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Biomarcadores en linfoma difuso de células grandes
Authors: Espinoza-Molina Ana Karen
Published: April 2023

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Pandemia coronavirus 2020 y sus implicaciones actuales a través de una perspectiva epidemiológica
Authors: Galindo Córdova Karem , Corrales Bay Fernanda , Leverda González Diana Judith , Valencia Núñez Lina María
Published: April 2023

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Formando el futuro de la atención médica: medicina de precisión
Authors: Velázquez Villareal Enrique I.
Published: April 2023

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DNALI1 interacts with the MEIG1/PACRG complex within the manchette and is required for proper sperm flagellum assembly in mice
Authors: Yap Yi Tian , Li Wei , Huang Qian , Zhou Qi , Zhang David , Sheng Yi , Mladenovic-Lucas Ljljiana , Yee Siu-Pok , Orwig Kyle E , Granneman James G , Williams David C , Hess Rex A , Toure Aminata , Zhang Zhibing
Published: April 2023

The manchette is a transient and unique structure present in elongating spermatids and required for proper differentiation of the germ cells during spermatogenesis. Previous work indicated that the MEIG1/PACRG complex locates in the manchette and is involved in the transport of cargos, such as SPAG16L, to build the sperm flagellum. Here, using co-immunoprecipitation and pull-down approaches in various cell systems, we established that DNALI1, an axonemal component originally cloned from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, recruits and stabilizes PACRG and we confirm in vivo, the co-localization of DNALI1 and PACRG in the manchette by immunofluorescence of elongating murine spermatids. We next generated mice with a specific deficiency of DNALI1 in male germ cells, and observed a dramatic reduction of the sperm cells, which results in male infertility. In addition, we observed that the majority of the sperm cells exhibited abnormal morphology including misshapen heads, bent tails, enlarged midpiece, discontinuous accessory structure, emphasizing the importance of DNALI1 in sperm differentiation. Examination of testis histology confirmed impaired spermiogenesis in the mutant mice. Importantly, while testicular levels of MEIG1, PACRG, and SPAG16L proteins were unchanged in the Dnali1 mutant mice, their localization within the manchette was greatly affected, indicating that DNALI1 is required for the formation of the MEIG1/PACRG complex within the manchette. Interestingly, in contrast to MEIG1 and PACRG-deficient mice, the DNALI1-deficient mice also showed impaired sperm spermiation/individualization, suggesting additional functions beyond its involvement in the manchette structure. Overall, our work identifies DNALI1 as a protein required for sperm development.
The influence of climate warming on flowering phenology in relation to historical annual and seasonal temperatures and plant functional traits
Authors: Geissler Cole , Davidson Allison , Niesenbaum Richard A.
Published: April 2023

Climate warming has the potential to influence plant flowering phenology which in turn can have broader ecological consequences. Herbarium collections offer a source of historical plant data that makes possible the ability to document and better understand how warming climate can influence long-term shifts in flowering phenology. We examined the influence of annual, winter, and spring temperatures on the flowering phenology of herbarium specimens for 36 species collected from 1884–2015. We then compared the response to warming between native and non-native, woody and herbaceous, dry and fleshy fruit, and spring vs summer blooming species. Across all species, plants flowered 2.26 days earlier per 1 °C increase in annual average temperatures and 2.93 days earlier per 1 °C increase in spring onset average temperatures. Winter temperatures did not significantly influence flowering phenology. The relationship of temperature and flowering phenology was not significantly different between native and non-native species. Woody species flowered earlier than herbaceous species only in response to increasing annual temperatures. There was no difference in the phenological response between species with dry fruits and those fleshy fruits for any of the temperature periods. Spring blooming species exhibited a significantly greater phenological response to warming yearly average temperatures than summer blooming species. Although herbarium specimens can reveal climate change impacts on phenology, it is also evident that the phenological responses to warming vary greatly among species due to differences in functional traits such as those considered here, as well as other factors.
Contribución del sector hotelero al desarrollo económico colombiano: una perspectiva desde la financiación y el emprendimiento
Authors: Calderón José Alejandro Vera , Barrero Mario Samuel Rodríguez , Lastra Juan Fernando Reinoso
Published: April 2023

Según el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE), las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (Mipymes) representan el 99,5% del total de empresas en Colombia y generan el 80% del empleo en el sector privado. En los últimos años, el acceso al crédito se ha convertido en un elemento vital para la supervivencia y crecimiento de este grupo, que actualmente tiene una representación significativa en la economía debido a los empleos que proporciona, su importancia estratégica para el desarrollo nacional y su tendencia de crecimiento. Basado en estas premisas, el estudio se centra en analizar el acceso al crédito por parte de las Mipymes en el subsector hotelero y de alojamiento, teniendo en cuenta el impacto de la financiación otorgada por las instituciones financieras a este segmento de empresas, principalmente aquellas que forman parte del ecosistema emprendedor en la ciudad de Ibagué. Del mismo modo, se confrontó el nivel de satisfacción creado por el subsistema financiero y otras fuentes que otorgan crédito, así como las áreas beneficiadas por dicha financiación. Se encontró que el grado de impacto generado por el crédito en las micro y pequeñas empresas es del 70%, lo que genera un efecto en el aumento de las ventas en un 64% y en el aumento de clientes en un 51%. Se recomienda generar una mayor confianza entre el subsistema financiero y los emprendedores, manejar tasas de interés favorables e implementar políticas integrales para apoyar el emprendimiento.
Type of Refractive Errors among School Going Children from District Kathua, Jammu, India
Authors: Sethi Maneesha , Sodani Priyanka , Bhagat Vabita
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Worldwide refractive error remains one of the most common causes of visual impairment in children. Uncorrected refractive error can lead to long term effect on acadaemic progression and employment opportunities. The study was conducted in remote area of district of Kathua, Jammu, India. Aim: To estimate type of refractive error among children and its association with demographic characters. Materials and Methods: The descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, hospital-based study was carried out in Out Patient Department (OPD) of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Kathua. The study of population included 351 children of age 5-16 years with complaint of diminution of vision. Examination included visual acuity recording, slit lamp, fundus examination and dilated retinoscopy. Inferential statistics was calculated using Open Epi version 3.01. Results: Out of 1582 children, 351(22.18%) children had refractive error. Their mean age was 12.52±2.87 years. The refractive errors were more common in the age group 13-16 years (61.5%), followed by 9-12 years (29.9%), and 5-8 years (8.51%). Refractive errors were more in males (56.12%) as compared to females (43.87%); 247(70.37%) children had refractive error in both the eyes, whereas 104(29.6%) had it in one eye. Astigmatism was most common (50.14%) followed by myopia (40.45%), hypermetropia (7.4%) and amblyopia (1.99%). Maximum astigmatism was seen in 13-16 years (56.25%) followed by 9-12 years (34.09%) and least in 5-8 years (9.65%). Conclusion: A high percentage of refractive errors in the study indicate that school health services should be strengthened and implemented effectively
Predictive Utility of Visual Evoked Potentials in Detection of Ocular Changes in Paediatric Sickle Cell Patients: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study
Authors: Jagzape Arunita Tushar , Deshpande VK , Jagzape Tushar B
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Ocular manifestations are one of the complications of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) that may occur in various segments of the eye. Optic nerve involvement is under-diagnosed though it can be involved as a sequela to ischemia. Prediction of disease at an early age aids in better diagnosis. Visual Evoked Potentials (VEP) helps to detect abnormalities (silent lesions) in patients with visual complaints who do not present with visible pathological ophthalmological changes. In literature search, no study has been undertaken to assess the predictive utility of VEP regarding subclinical ocular changes in paediatric age group of SCD patients. Aim: To evaluate predictive utility of VEP to identify subclinical ocular changes in paediatric patients of SCD and to record associated Visual Reaction Time (VRT). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 30 cases (SCD patients) and 30 normal children in age group 3-15 years were evaluated by ophthalmic examination followed by VRT and VEP using Light-emitting diode (LED) goggles (Flash). Statistical analysis included descriptive (percentages) and inferential statistics presented as unpaired t-test, linear regression curve, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination (R2 ) and β (regression) coefficient. The analysis was done at 99% confidence interval with significance at p<0.01. Results: There was statistically significant prolongation of P100 latency in both eyes in paediatric cases when compared to normal children (P<0.01). N75-P100 amplitude, interocular difference showed no significant changes. When P100 latency was correlated with VRT, there was weak positive correlation (r=0.207, p=0.1278 for right eye, r=0.238, p=0.0801 for left eye). Though sensitivity of flash LED goggle VEP was 70%, specificity was high (96.66%). Positive predictive value was 95.45%. Conclusion: These findings show that VEP can be used as a predictive measure (tool) to detect subclinical changes in absence of ocular complaints and normal ophthalmological findings.
Photogrammetric Evaluation of Proximal Femoral Morphometric Parameters of Southern Nigerians
Authors: Bob-Manuel Ibinabo Fubara , Bob-Manuel Sotonye Fayeofori
Published: April 2023

Background: Understanding the dimensions of the structural configuration of human skeleton is requisite in anthropologic and forensic anatomy, radiologic anatomy and orthopaedics.

Aim: This study presents a new method of using photogrammetry to obtain and analyse data of the morphometric parameters of the neck, proximal shaft (intertrochanteric or epiphyses area) of the proximal aspect of the cadaveric femur.

Methodology: A total of 127 dry human femur bones studied and analysed critically using photogrammetry. The following parameters were calculated for each femur: femoral neck shaft angle (FNSA), femoral neck intertrochanteric angle (FNIA), femoral shaft intertrochanteric angle (FSIA), and the area of femoral intertrochanteric triangle (FITAREA).

Results: The mean gotten for measured parameters are FNSA=132.91, FNIA=96.50, FSIA=35.93, FITAREA = 59.38mm2. Statistical analysis of the obtained data showed no significant (p<0.01) differences in all measured parameters between right and left sides. From the outcome of this study, highly significant (p<0.01) positive correlation between FNSA and FSIA, and FSIA and FNIA was observed.

Conclusion: We conclude that dynamic and robust understanding of the geometry and strength of the proximal end of the os femora requires parameters that conform to anatomical facts between the head, neck and proximal shaft of the os femora. This advocate how useful the FNIA and FSIA would be when used together with the FNSA in prognosis and managing proximal femoral fractures as it defines the geometric relation between the neck, intertrochanteric area (proximal epiphyseal area) and the shaft of femur. FITAREA which depicts the strength of the femoral epiphyseal or intertrochanteric area would also be useful in this regard.  We recommend the possible use of the parameters measured in this study to improve prediction and management of proximal femoral fractures as they better elucidate an understanding of the morphology and strength of the proximal extremity of the os femora.
Prevalence and Management of Helminthiasis and Virological Outcomes among HIV Co-infected Under-fives: A Case Study of Mwananyamala Hospital, Tanzania
Authors: Ng’ondya Odino Brighton , Sangeda Raphael Zozimus , Mwambete Kennedy Daniel
Published: April 2023

Background: Helminthiasis (HL) is a parasitic infection caused by worms that infect human body. The disease affects different regions of the world, but it is more prevalent in sub-Saharan African countries. A strong association between immunological status and helminthiasis among under-fives living with HIV infection (ULHI) has been reported.

Aim: The study aimed to assess the prevalence and management of helminthiasis and virological outcomes among ULHI receiving health care at the Care and Treatment Centre (CTC) located at Mwananyamala Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Methodology: This was a retrospective and descriptive cross-sectional study involving scrutiny of the clinical records of ULHI, who sought medical attention at MRRH. The clinical records were randomly selected and examined, focusing on the prevalence rate of HL, the co-management of HIV and HL infections, the virological outcome based on the HIV viral load, and other relevant data.

Results:  A total of 499 ULHI were involved; of those, 254 (50.9%) were females and 245 (49.5%) were males. About 49% of the ULHI had HL. The prevalence of HL and the age of ULHI were both associated with the virological outcome (HVL). ULHI with lower HVL had a relatively greater HL prevalence. The most widely utilized antihelmintics were ABZ, MBZ and IVE, in that order. The most frequently prescribed drugs for co-infections were ABZ-ALL and MBZ-TLD combinations, which exhibited lower HVL.

Conclusion: Helminthiasis is still prevalent among ULHI, and use of prophylactic antihelminthics was associated with virological success (lower HVL). The prevalence of HL was relatively higher among ULHI with lower HVL.
Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis: An Infection Still Fatal: A Case Report
Authors: El Hachimi Rim , Hadiri Rida EL , Sbai Latifa , Arari Nihal EL , Boutimzine Noureddine , Samira Tachfouti , Abdellah Amazouzi , Hassan Abdallah EL , Cherkaoui Lalla Ouafa
Published: April 2023

We report a case of a 54-year-old patient, an unbalanced diabetic, who presented rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis with orbital involvement as circumstance of discovery. The aims are to highlight the importance of making an early diagnosis to improve prognosis of this infectious pathology. Early diagnosis requires clinical suspicion of infection in all immunocompromised patients, particularly in diabetics with ketoacidosis and clinical research of typical necrotic plaques on the eyelid, palate or sinus level.  Histopathological analysis makes diagnosis. Angiography-MRA and angiography-CT scan remain complementary examinations to assess the extension and guide treatment. The management must be multidisciplinary. Association of intravenous antifungal treatment (especially amphotericin B) and localized or radical surgical debridement is the treatment of choice. Local treatment with amphotericin B  increases tissue penetration.