bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of application of different diesel fuel-RME blends on PM emissions from a diesel engine
Authors: MERKISZ Jerzy , KOZAK Miłosław , PIELECHA Jacek , ANDRZEJEWSKI Maciej
Published: July 2021

The aim of the research described in this paper was to determine the potential of RME in reducing particulate emissions from diesel engines. The tests were carried out at Emissions Testing Laboratory, Poznan University of Technology using the AMX-210/100 engine test bed. The AVL Micro Soot Sensor and Smoke Meter were used to measure PM emissions. The emission measurements were carried out over a 13-mode ESC cycle. The tests were conducted on a direct injection (common rail), turbocharged, Euro 4 compliant passenger car diesel engine. Four different diesel fuel/RME blends were tested. These blends contained respectively: 5, 20, 50 and 100% RME.
Numerical comparative analysis of the combustion process in an engine powered by CNG
Authors: MICHAŁOWSKI Ryszard , MIKSIEWICZ Krzysztof , TKACZYK Marcin
Published: July 2021

This paper contains the analysis of Compressible Natural Gas combustion process in engine dedicated to diesel oil. The analysis was performed on the basis of the numerical results of two systems for methane dosing. The first simulation considers the CNG delivery into the suction manifold, and subsequent production of air-fuel mixture as well as separate combustion model of a homogenous mixture. The second simulation comprises a numerical application of the fuel injection directly into the combustion chamber. Therefore it is also a simulation of a combustion process. Among the numerical results conducted with the aid of Computational Fluid Dynamics the following parameters were selected for the combustion qualitative evaluation in terms of mechanical, heat and flow properties: fields of pressure and temperature, mass fraction of the fuel and turbulence intensity. All test were conducted on the engine adopted to be fed with CNG.
Job Satisfaction and Professional Life Stress of Employees of IT and Manufacturing Industries
Authors: Ravichandra T , Dalvi C S
Published: July 2021

Job satisfaction of employees is extensively studied by researchers of varied disciplines from different perspectives.Â  Todayâ€™s corporate sector pays greater attention while hiring talent; and ensure that they remain satisfied so that they stay for longer duration of time with the employer.Â  To find out the extent of job satisfaction experienced by the employees of IT and manufacturing sectors, a sample of 200 employees (50 each from two manufacturing and 50 each from two IT organisations) has been chosen at random.Â  Job-Satisfaction Instrument, developed by Mishra et al (1977) and Professional Life Stress Scale, developed by Fontana (1989) have been administered on all the two hundred employees in addition to a proforma for personal and job details.Â  The results indicate that IT employees have expressed greater level of job satisfaction. Â Further, it is found that job satisfaction and professional life stress are negatively correlated. The importance of enhancing the level of job satisfaction of employees is highlighted.
Microfinance-Women Empowerment: A Case Study of Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Nallabelli Nallabelli Radhika
Published: July 2021

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Self Help Group (SHG) in its present form of development orientation, owed its origin to the starting of the Grameen Bank, founded by Mohamed Yunus of Bangladesh, the Nobel Prize Winner for Peace for the year 2006.Â  The experience of Bangladesh had proved to the world the banking wisdom in helping the women and the poor people to improve their economic condition and to overcome their problem of poverty.
Method of preparation "along the axis" of teeth that serve as a support for extended orthopedic structures
Authors: Dmitriev D. I.
Published: July 2021

A common mistake of an orthopedic dentist when carrying out odontopreparation of teeth is nonobservance of the parameters of the permissible convergence of the axial walls of the teeth [1]. Analysis of the literature allows us to conclude that with the taper of the tooth walls at 15 degrees, the retention of the crowns is 70 % [2]. The aim of this work was the development of an improved method for coaxial odontopreparation of teeth. This article describes the method of odontopedication of teeth, which are a support for fixed orthopedic structures of an extended nature. The essence of the method is to create a bed on the abutment teeth using a thin fissure bur. The process of coaxial preparation of abutment teeth in the author's technique consists of several stages, which makes it possible to control the preparation accuracy and qualitatively reduce the likelihood of excessive grinding of tooth tissues.
MODA TASARIMI ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN TASARIM BİLİŞ TÜRLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: ÇAĞLAR Sema , VAROL Esra
Published: July 2021

Tasarım teori ve strateji incelemeleri sonucunda yaratıcı tasarım düşüncesini geliştirme olanakları keşfedilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Tasarım araştırmaları, süreçlere ayrılan tasarım adımlarının zaman ve öncelik sıralamalarının farklı tasarım biliş türlerini ortaya çıkardığını ve tasarımcıların biliş türlerinin ölçek uygulamasıyla belirlemenin mümkün olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, moda tasarımı öğrencilerinin tasarım süreçlerini şekillendiren ve odaklandıkları tasarım biliş türlerinin, örneklemde yer alan üniversitelere ve öğrenim düzeyine göre incelenmesidir. Araştırmada, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden genel tarama modellerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak 5’li likert tipinde 20 maddeden oluşan Tasarım Biliş Türü ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Örneklemdeki öğrencilerin, üniversitelere ve öğrenim düzeylerine göre tasarım biliş türü tercihlerine yönelik bulgular değerlendirilmiş ve tasarım süreçlerinde genel olarak sorun odaklı tasarım biliş türüne odaklandıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Örneklemin öğrenim düzeylerine göre tasarım biliş türü tercihleri de sorun odaklı tasarım biliş türüne yöneliktir. Üniversitelere ve üniversitelerin öğrenim düzeylerine göre ise farklı tasarım biliş türü tercihlerinin olduğu görülmektedir.
IN DEFENCE OF A GOOD COPY: A DISCUSSION ON CRAFT MAKING AND AUTHENTICITY
Authors: UYSAL Seher
Published: July 2021

Between the years 1941 and 1982 two crafts makers and brothers Tor and Åke Carlsson made wooden relief copies of John Bauer paintings. John Bauer was a very well known Swedish painter and illustrator who depicted scenes from folkloric stories. These stories were about dense forests, lakes, trolls, princes and witches. Although Bauer was a prominent figure who was very keen on keeping the copyrights of his work, the wooden copies became a sensation in the rural town Tranås.
The Bauer paintings and motifs were popular and very well known in Sweden and Åke and Tor Carlsson were aware they were making wooden replicas of his work but adding their own subtle interpretations. They designed and carved the Bauer works on wood and signed them with their famous inscription: “Fritt efter John Bauer (A free interpretation of John Bauer). The wooden copies were so popular they became collectors’ items and can still be found in auctions today. They were not artworks, yet they exceeded the idea of craft making. “In defence of a good copy” investigates why the Bauer copies were so popular, researching the different aspects of copies and its merits as an art object or as memorabilia.
A többnyelvűség jót tesz az üzletnek : Egy nyelvi tájkép kutatás eredményei a kelet-szlovák-magyar határrégióban
Authors: Hires-László Kornélia , Horzsa Gergely , Letenyei László
Published: July 2021

Az egynyelvű/többnyelvű feliratok kérdése a Kárpát-medencében sokáig nemzetiségi politikai diskurzusok tárgya volt. A téma átpolitizáltsága ritkán tette lehetővé, hogy kellő figyelem jusson a többnyelvű feliratok gazdasági vonatkozásaira. Jelen tanulmány e hiány pótlására tesz kísérletet. A szlovák-magyar határrégió keleti felén zajló terepmunkára alapozva, megpróbáltuk mérhetővé tenni, hogy a két- és többnyelvű feliratok mennyiben járulhatnak hozzá a turizmus és a vendéglátóipar sikerességéhez.
Variasi Metode Ekstraksi dan Penetapan Nilai SPF Ekstrak Rumput Laut Merah (Eucheuma cottonii)
Authors: Ramdani Yuyun , Ananto Agus Dwi , Hajrin Wahida
Published: July 2021

Rumput laut merah (Eucheuma cottonii) memiliki kemampuan tabir surya dalam melindungi kulit dari paparan sinar matahari yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai SPF (Sun Protective Factor). Kandungan senyawa rumput laut merah dapat dipengaruhi oleh metode ekstraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan metode ekstraksi yang optimal agar diperoleh nilai SPF paling tinggi yang digunakan sebagai bahan aktif sediaan lotion serta melakukan evaluasi sifat fisik sediaan lotion. Metode ekstraksi yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini yaitu maserasi, soxhletasi dan sonikasi. Penentuan nilai SPF dilakukan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Data diolah secara kuantitatif dengan analisis statistik SPSS dan hasil evaluasi sediaan lotion dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rendemen ekstrak maserasi, soxhletasi dan sonikasi secara berturut-turut yaitu 41,96%, 17,11%, dan 33,26%. Hasil nilai SPF ekstrak maserasi, soxhletasi dan sonikasi dengan konsentrasi 20.000 ppm secara berturut-turut yaitu 31,147; 16,817; dan 17,908. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik menunjukkan nilai SPF ekstrak maserasi berbeda signifikan dengan nilai SPF ekstrak sonikasi dan soxhletasi. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa metode ekstraksi mempengaruhi aktivitas tabir surya rumput laut merah. Hasil sifat fisik dari sediaan lotion yaitu berwarna putih keabuan, aroma lilin dengan sedikit aroma khas rumput laut, pH 6,67, daya sebar 5,16, daya lekat 1,06 detik serta sediaan yang homogen. Hasil SPF sediaan lotion diperoleh 6,010 dengan tipe proteksi ekstra.
The Portrayal of Character Building in American Animation Film Frozen
Authors: Rudy Rudy , Hutabarat Sridinda Sarah Swati , Silitonga Dewi Paskaria , Manullang Desy , Saragih Yesika
Published: July 2021

There is no doubt that having good characters is essential to everyone in society. Character is even a major consideration in the world of education. For this reason, character building is considered important to be explored. By using entertainment media such as movie, this library research concentrates on the character building symbolized through the American animation films Frozen (2013) and Frozen II (2019). Besides the main data from the films, reference sources in the form of books and journals were also used for analysis. Hall’s theory of representation was applied to analyze the data gathered for this study such as dialogs and the description of scenes from the films to identify how the character building is represented through the films as well as to understand the essence of character building. The result showed that the animation films observed in this study can represent good characters through seven values such as bravery, politeness, sacrifice, empathy, curiosity, confidence, and caring. Additionally, this study also reveals that the concept of character is associated with life values, morality and attitude and therefore, character building is significant to shape people with quality in order to create peace and harmony in society. Through this study, it expected that the findings can contribute to the development of the theory in humanities and education and it can provide better understanding to people about character building through American animated films.
GIS Based Multi-Criteria Land Suitability Assessment for Future Urban Development in The Country Park Peripheries of Hong Kong
Authors: Das Anutosh , Lee Ming Wai Vivian , Wong Yui Hin Isaac , Tang Yuen Ting Kitty , Aziz Sayeed
Published: July 2021

In recent years, land supply in Hong Kong has fallen sharply and fails to keep pace with the growth of population and number of households. Land shortage becomes urgent and dire. With the inadequate provision of residential land, housing supply is also adversely affected.Insufficient housing supply leads to surging property and rental price in the private market. According to the Rating and Valuation Department (RVD), the overall private domestic price index peaked in June 2017 at 336.1. Keen housing demand is also observed in the private rental market. RVD statistics showed that the domestic rental index also reached the peak at 183.6 in June 2017 and the vacancy rate of about 3.8% as at the end-2016, which is much lower than the average vacancy rate of 5% from 1996 to 2015 (Development Bureau, 2017).In addition, there is soaring housing demand in public housing. As at the end-December 2021, the average waiting time for general applicants was 5.7 years, which is nearly double of the Housing Authority’s target for providing the first flat offer to general applicants at around three years on average (Housing Authority, 2021). Identifying and securing sufficient land to meet both current and anticipated pressing housing demand becomes a key challenge of the government. In the light of this, the government has established a dedicated task force (Task Force on Land Supply) in September 2017 and appointed 30 professionals from different disciplines, such as planning, engineering, academia and think tank, to take a Marco-review on the land supply sources, look for feasible options as well as consider the pros and cons of various options. 18 land supply options were worked out for the public to make choices in the public engagement exercise. Among the 18 choices, the development area on the Periphery of Country Parks was regarded as one of the land supplies sources. This option does not only include the Hong Kong Housing Society’s studies on developing Two Pilot Areas on the Periphery of Tai Lam and Man On Shan Country Parks, but also include developing more areas on the periphery of Country Parks. The proposed option received overwhelming attention from the public and aroused debates in various perspectives. Its ecological value, recreational value, financial viability and even legitimacy were discussed. However, spatial analysis on the suitability of having residential development in Country Parks has not been conducted. Therefore, in this study, multi criteria GIS analysis is conducted to evaluate the geographic suitability of Hong Kong Country Parks for residential purpose with the consideration of various criteria.
Dissecting Molecular Determinants of Mutational Escape Mechanisms in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Complexes with Nanobodies: Atomistic Simulations and Ensemble-Based Deep Mutational Scanning of Protein Stability and Binding Interactions
Authors: Verkhivker Gennady , Agajanian Steve , Oztas Deniz Yasar , Gupta Grace
Published: July 2021

Structural and biochemical studies have recently revealed a range of rationally engineered nanobodies with efficient neutralizing capacity against SARS-CoV-2 virus and resilience against mutational escape. In this work, we combined atomistic simulations and conformational dynamics analysis with the ensemble-based mutational profiling of binding interactions for a diverse panel of SARS-CoV-2 spike complexes with nanobodies. Using this computational toolkit, we identified dynamic signatures and binding affinity fingerprints for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein complexes with nanobodies Nb6 and Nb20, VHH E, a pair combination VHH E+U, a biparatopic nanobody VHH VE, and a combination of CC12.3 antibody and VHH V/W nanobodies. Through ensemble-based deep mutational profiling of stability and binding affinities, we identify critical hotspots and characterize molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding with single ultra-potent nanobodies, nanobody cocktails and biparatopic nanobodies. By quantifying dynamic and energetic determinants of the SARS-CoV-2 S binding with nanobodies, we also examine the effects of circulating variants and escaping mutations. We found that mutational escape mechanisms may be controlled through structurally and energetically adaptable binding hotspots located in the host receptor-accessible binding epitope that are dynamically coupled to the stability centers in the distant epitope targeted by VHH U/V/W nanobodies. The results of this study suggested a mechanism in which through cooperative dynamic changes, nanobody combinations and biparatopic nanobody can modulate the global protein response and induce the increased resilience to common escape mutants.
On the Application of EELS for Investigating Nanostructure of Soot From Different Fuels
Authors: Apicella Barbara , Pawlyta Miroslawa , Tomiczek Anna Ewa , Ciajolo Anna , Russo Carmela
Published: July 2021

Soot is characterized by a multiscale structural organization and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) is the only diagnostic tool giving access to it. However, being a diffraction-based technique, TEM images only aromatic systems and thus, it is particularly useful to combine it with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), able to provide quantitative information about the relative abundance of sp3 and sp2 hybridized carbon. In this paper a method for the EELS spectrum analysis of carbonaceous materials recently developed for electron-irradiated graphite and glassy carbon composition analysis has been applied for the first time on soot samples, in order to test its performance in soot nanostructure study in combination with TEM and High Resolution TEM (HRTEM). Soot samples here analysed were collected in the soot inception region of premixed flames of different hydrocarbon fuels. EELS, in agreement with TEM and HRTEM, showed a quite disordered and heterogeneous structure for young soot, without any significant distinction between soot formed from methane and ethylene fuels.
Preparation methods for Graphene, Metal and Polymer-based Composites for EMI Shielding Materials: State of the Art of Conventional and Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Ayub Saba , Guan Beh Hoe , Ahmad Faiz , Javed Muhammad Faisal , Mosavi Amir , Felde Imre
Published: July 2021

The electromagnetic inference is an issue from decades, where working for a better shielding material is still on-going. The purpose of this study is to review the existing methods in the formation of graphene, metal and polymer-based composites. Study indicates that in graphene and metal-based composites, the utilization of alternating deposition method showed the highest shielding effectiveness, whereas, in polymer-based composite, the utilization of chemical vapor deposition method showed highest shielding effectiveness. However, this review reveals that still there is a gap in the literature in terms of the selection of the method. Although there are various available methods which researchers adopt as per their convenience, none of the studies makes a comparison of the methods to form a similar composite. Therefore, as a future gap researcher needs to adopt various methods to form a single composite and then make a comparison of shielding effectiveness. This act will be useful for future researchers to select the appropriate method.
The Development of Wind Farms Business and the Central Control of Smart Grid in Spain: Making a Virtue of Necessity
Authors: López Santiago M , Cebrián Mar
Published: July 2021

An economic and business history approach is used to show the rise and relative failure of the Spanish wind industry during the period between 2004-2015, when Spain became the fourth country after China, the US and Germany in installed capacity of renewable energies and, in relative terms, the second country after Denmark. This study is unique in that it provides an integrated vision of the reasons for the relative fall of Spain in the world ranking of wind energy producers. The methodology of the economic analysis of industrial policies makes it possible to explain the fall in the relative importance of Spain in the international panorama of wind farms. There were no reasons related to technological obsolescence or inability of the CECRE managing renewable energies to explain the fall.
First Detection and Co-occurrence of kdr (F1534C and S989P) Mutations in Multiple Insecticides Resistant Aedes aegypti in Nigeria
Authors: Fagbohun Ifeoluwa Kayode , Idowu Emmanuel Taiwo , Oyeniyi Tolulope Amos , Adeogun Adedapo O. , Adesalu Kemi , Nwanya Oge , Okonkwo Felix , Oladosu Yusuf , Otubanjo Olubunmi
Published: July 2021

The outbreak of yellow fever transmitted by Aedes aegypti has been of major concern in Nigeria, this mosquito also transmits several other arboviruses globally. The control of many of the Aedes aegypti borne diseases relies heavily on the use of insecticides. Therefore, constant monitoring of insecticide resistance status and associated mechanisms in crucial within the local population. Here, we determined the resistance profile of adult Aedes aegypti from Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria to different classes of insecticides using WHO procedures. The presence of kdr mutations F1534C, S989P and V1016G were also determined among resistant populations using molecular methods. High level of resistance to DDT and pyrethroid was rec-orded in Aedes aegypti in this study, though possible resistance to deltamethrin was reported in one of the locations. Resistance to bendiocarb was recorded in Majidun community while Aedes aegypti in both locations were susceptible to malathion. The presence of F1534C mutation associated with resistance in Aedes aegypti was detected for the first time in Nigeria, and the presence of S989P mutation was detected singly and in co-occurrence with F1534C for the first time in Africa. The role of these mutations in resistance phenotype expressed in Aedes aegypti in this study area need to established.
A Five-Level Converter in a Three-Level Mode for Common-Mode Leakage Current Suppression in PV-Generation Systems
Authors: Udovichenko Aleksey Vyacheslavovich , Brovanov Sergey Viktorovich , Grishanov Evgeny Valerievich , Stennikova Svetlana Mikhailovna
Published: July 2021

Power generation systems based on renewable energy sources are finding ever-widening applications and many researchers work on this problem. Many papers address the problem of transformerless structures, but few of them are aimed at conducting research on structures with multilevel converter topologies. In this paper a grid-tied transformerless PV-generation system based on a multilevel converter is discussed. There are common-mode leakage currents which act as a parasitic factor. It is also known that common-mode voltage is the main cause of the common-mode leakage current in grid-tied PV-generation systems. This paper considers the space vector pulse-width modulation (PWM) technique which is used to suppress or reduce common-mode leakage current. The proposed engineering solutions for a generation system based on the multilevel converter controlled with a pulse-width modulation technique are verified by experiment.
Quantitative Approaches to Study Retinal Neurogenesis
Authors: Perez-Dones Diego , Ledesma-Terron Mario , Míguez David G
Published: July 2021

The study of the development of the vertebrate retina can be addressed from several perspectives: from purely qualitative to a more quantitative approach that takes into account its spatiotemporal features, its three dimensional structure and also the regulation and properties at the systems level. Here we review the ongoing transition towards a full four-dimensional characterization of the developing vertebrate retina, focusing on the challenges at the experimental, image acquisition, image processing and quantification. Using the developing zebrafish retina, we illustrate how quantitative data extracted from these type of highly dense three-dimensional tissues depends strongly on the image quality, image processing and algorithms used to segment and quantify. Therefore, we propose that the scientific community that focuses on developmental systems could strongly benefit from a more detailed disclosure of the tools and pipelines used to process and analyze images from biological samples.
Entropy and Entropic Forces to Model Biological Fluids
Authors: Gutierrez Rafael M. , Shubeita George T. , Murade Chandrashekhar U. , Guo Jianfeng
Published: July 2021

Living cells are complex systems that may be characterized by fluids crowded by hundreds of different elements in particular by a high density of polymers; they are an excellent and challenging laboratory to study exotic emerging physical phenomena where entropic forces emerge from organization processes of many-body interactions. The competition between microscopic and entropic forces may generate complex behaviors like phase transitions that living cells may use to accomplish their functions. In the era of the big data, when biological information abounds but general principles and precise understanding of the microscopic interactions scarce, the entropy methods may offer significant information. In this work we develop a model where the thermodynamic equilibrium results from the competition between an effective electrostatic shortrange interaction and the entropic forces emerging in a fluid crowded by different size polymers. The target audience for this article are interdisciplinary researchers in complex systems, particularly in thermodynamics and biophysics modeling.
Analysis of Residents’ Preparedness Protocols during Ebola Pandemic in Urban Environment
Authors: Amoo Emmanuel O , Oni Gbolahan A. , Obayan Aize , Alao Amos , Adekeye Olujide , Samuel Gbemisola , Oyegbile Samuel A. , Adesina Evaristus
Published: July 2021

Background: The study assessed men’s role in the preparedness against emerging pandemic of Ebola Virus Disease in Ogun State, Nigeria. It examined the changes in men’s hygiene practices as response to the news of the outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease. Methods: The data were extracted from a 2015 Cross-Sectional Survey on wellness, knowledge, attitude and practices towards the control and prevention of Ebola Virus Disease. The respondents (466 male) in the main survey were selected using simple random sampling technique within two enumeration areas (EAs). Results: The results revealed high level of knowledge of EVD but over 70% were not aware of centre for EVD treatment, 60.2% believed they are not susceptible to EVD. The practice of handshaking reduced, eating of hunted animals decreased only marginally by 6.9% and washing with soap increased by 4%. Conclusion: The study provides helpful information for public health policy especially in terms of behavioral risk factors that are prone to Ebola virus infections or other communicable diseases. It emphasises regular hand washing with soap and sanitizing agents and recommended that availability of treatment centres and vaccines that can enhance effective response in curtailing further health emergencies.
Влияние неоднородности плазмы с учeтом тормозного излучения на нелинейное поглощение альфвеновской волны диссипативной плазмой
Authors: Таюрский Алексей Александрович , Tayurskiy Aleksei Aleksandrovich
Published: July 2021

Исследована математическая модель затухания альфвеновской волны в неоднородной несжимаемой диссипативной плазме с использованием уравнений двухжидкостной электромагнитной гидродинамики. Показано, что следствием учeта тормозного излучения является конечность глубины проникания альфвеновской волны в неоднородную плазму и установившийся квазистационарный режим затухания. Рассмотрены неоднородности по плотности двух типов -- вершины и впадины, которые распределены по гауссову закону. Получены зависимости от величины вершины глубины проникания альфвеновской волны в неоднородную плазму и максимальных температур электронов и ионов. Исследование показало, что увеличение амплитуды падающей волны приводит к увеличению значений максимальных температур электронов и ионов, а также увеличению глубины проникания альфвеновской волны в неоднородную диссипативную плазму.
Studi kesesuaian lahan pertanian sawah organik (Studi kasus: Desa Gempol, Kabupaten Klaten)
Authors: Andrea Roofid , Aliyah Istijabatul , Yudana Galing
Published: July 2021

Kabupaten Klaten memiliki visi untuk menjadi lumbung padi dan menjadi kawasan agropolitan terbesar di provinsi Jawa Tengah. Pertanian di Kabupaten Klaten masih menggunakan teknik pertanian anorganik atau masih menggunakan bahan-bahan kimia dalam pelaksanannya. Penggunaan bahan-bahan kimia yang berlebihan akhirnya menyebabkan kerusakan kondisi lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. Para petani yang sadar terhadap bahaya tersebut akhirnya melakukan teknik bercocok tanam yang lebih ramah lingkungan atau disebut pertanian organik. Pertanian sawah organik yang menonjol di Kabupaten Klaten terdapat di Desa Gempol Kecamatan Karanganom. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian lahan Desa Gempol terhadap pertanian sawah organik. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yakni menggunakan analisis skoring untuk mengetahui kesesuaian lahan Desa Gempol terhadap pertanian organik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis skoring kemampuan lahan, maka diketahui bahwa Desa Gempol yang masuk kedalam kelas lahan III, dimana kelas lahan III diperuntukan sebagai lahan pertanian. Selain itu ditinjau dari analisis skoring jaringan irigasi di Desa Gempol sudah sesuai hanya terdapat beberapa zona yang tidak sesuai karena tata letak tanam yang jauh dari sumber air. Namun jika ditinjau dari hasil analisis skoring kemampuan lahan dan jaringan irigasi maka diketahui bahwa Desa Gempol sudah sesuai diperuntukan sebagai lahan pertanian organik.
Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi partisipasi masyarakat dalam perencanaan tata ruang Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Dewi Liza Sandra , Tan Firwan , Nazer Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Perencanaan tata ruang kota merupakan suatu proses sosial, yang tidak hanya berfokus kepada pembangunan fisik saja, tapi harus melibatkan manusia yang terdapat didalamnya yang berhak mendapatkan kesempatan untuk mendapatkan kehidupan yang lebih baik. Masyarakat merupakan komponen yang secara langsung dipengaruhi dan berpengaruh terhadap rencana tata ruang. Keterlibatan masyarakat dalam proses penyusunan RTRW merupakan salah satu cara untuk menghindari adanya penolakan-penolakan di kemudian hari. Seperti halnya yang terjadi di Kota Bukittinggi, penolakan terhadap dokumen RTRW Kota Bukittinggi Nomor 6 Tahun 2011, dimana masyarakat menuntut peninjauan ulang atas Ruang Terbuka Hijau yang secara massive ditetapkan di dua keluarahan agar diubah kembali menjadi kawasan budidaya (perumahan dan pertanian lahan kering). Penolakan tersebut merupakan gambaran rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam penyusunan dokumen RTRW. Hal tersebut bisa dipengaruhi oleh beberapa fakor, terutama faktor internal yang berasal dari diri masyarakat itu sendiri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi masyarakat di Kota Bukittinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dengan menyebar kuesioner kepada masyarakat yang terlibat langsung dalam proses penyusunan RTRW. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian yang mempengaruhi partisipasi masyarakat di Kota Bukittinggi adalah jenis kelamin, usia dan pendapatan.
The Effect of Clinical Characteristics and Stent Parameters on Left Ventricular Mechanical Dyssynchrony
Authors: Mostafa S. , Sanad O. , Shawky M. , Magdy M. , Elkeshk E.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To study short term effect of stent size and number on left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to left anterior descending (LAD) artery.

Materials and methods. the study included 150 adult patients with LAD lesion treated with PCI using drug-eluting stent. Patients were evaluated pre PCI then 1 month and 3 months post PCI for evaluation of mechanical dyssynchrony using tissue synchronization image (TSI).

Results. Before revascularization mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 51.2±5.7 %, mean time to peak TSI was 213.6±10.9 ms; 1 month after PCI TSI improved significantly to 163.7±17.6 ms (p<0.001), 3 months after PCI showed more improvement to 120.7±26.9 ms (p<0.001). After 3m; 61 patients (40.7%) showed recovery to normal TSI value. The predictors of non-improvement of time to peak TSI after 3 months were diabetes mellitus (p=0.007), dyslipidemia (p=0.001) and stent length (p=0.001), number of stents (p=0.004). There were strong negative correlation between stent length and improvement of the time to peak TSI at 1 month (r=-0.352, p<0.001) and at 3 months (r=-0.509, p<0.001),and also with number of stent at 1 month (r= -0.173, p=0.034) and at 3 months (r=-0.499, p<0.001), but the correlation between stent diameter and improvement of the TSI wasn’t significant neither at 1 month nor at 3 months (r=0.055, p=0.504 and r= -0.018, p=0.827) respectively.

Conclusion. Increased number and length of the implanted stents were predictors to non-improvement of mechanical dyssynchrony, while stent diameter didn’t affects the recovery.
Distal Biceps Tendon Tears: Diagnosis and Treatment Algorithm
Authors: Albishi Waleed , Agenor Aouod , Lam Jason J. , Elmaraghy Amr
Published: July 2021

» Distal biceps tendon (DBT) tears occur most commonly in middle-aged men after a sudden, forced eccentric contraction of the flexed elbow.

» An understanding of the multiple risk factors, mechanisms, and pathophysiological causes is essential for proper and timely diagnosis.

» High clinical suspicion and routine physical examination with appropriate special examination tests, including the hook test, the passive forearm pronation test, the biceps crease interval test, and the bicipital aponeurosis flex test, can help with rapid and accurate diagnosis and guide appropriate and timely management.

» Treatment for DBT tears depends on the extent (complete versus incomplete) and timing (acute versus chronic) of the injury, and options include nonoperative management, repair, and reconstruction with or without repair of the bicipital aponeurosis.
Orthopaedic Manifestations of Inborn Errors of Metabolism
Authors: Prasad Niyathi , Hamosh Ada , Sponseller Paul
Published: July 2021

» Inborn errors of metabolism are disorders of carbohydrate, amino acid, organic acid, or purine and pyrimidine metabolism; disorders of fatty acid oxidation; disorders of metal metabolism; and lysosomal storage defects that can cause metabolic derangements that have secondary musculoskeletal effects.

» Orthopaedic surgeons should be aware that patients with inborn errors of metabolism may be at high risk for spasticity, which may cause joint subluxations, scoliosis, and contractures, as well as poor bone quality, which is caused by malnutrition or disordered bone growth.

» Multidisciplinary care and follow-up are important to identify musculoskeletal problems in a timely manner in order to provide effective treatment.
ПРОЕКТЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ЧАСТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА В СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОМ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОМ ОКРУГЕ. ИННОВАЦИИ В УПРАВЛЕНИИ
Authors: УГОЛЬНИКОВА О.
Published: July 2021

В научной статье автор рассмотрел теоретические, правовые, управленческие аспекты государственно-частного партнерства, его формирование и развитие в Северо-Западном Федеральном округе – регионе-лидере инновационного развития российских территорий.
The IMF and Lebanon: The long road ahead – An assessment of how Lebanon’s economy may be stabilized while battling a triple crisis and recovering from a deadly blast
Authors: Abdo Nabil , Abed Dana , Ayoub Bachir , Aouad Nizar
Published: July 2021

Lebanon is extremely unequal and has been rocked by massive protests in recent months. The country is facing a financial crisis and is in talks with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) about a potential bailout programme. Other IMF programmes in the region have focused on austerity and have driven increases in poverty and inequality. A business-as-usual approach by the IMF in Lebanon could have serious and far-reaching adverse impacts. Any potential policies pushed by the IMF in Lebanon must first be shown not to impact negatively on economic and gender inequalities, and must be drawn up transparently in consultation with local communities, civil society organizations and social movements.
Measuring and Understanding Unpaid Care and Domestic Work: Household Care Survey Toolkit
Authors: Rost Lucia , Parkes Amber , Azevedo Andrea
Published: July 2021

This toolkit provides guidance on using Oxfam’s Household Care Survey (HCS) methodology, which was developed by Oxfam as part of the WE-Care initiative to transform the provision of unpaid care and domestic work (UCDW). UCDW underpins all our lives yet is overwhelmingly provided by women and girls. Recognising UCDW is essential for any initiative that aims to understand and address gender inequality. The HCS is a quantitative survey tool that generates context-specific evidence on how women, men and children spend their time, how care is provided, by whom, and the main factors that affect people’s responsibilities for UCDW, such as access to care services, infrastructure and social norms. The HCS can be used to generate a baseline, or to measure the impact of a specific policy or programme. The methodology can be integrated into different projects with different objectives and adjusted for use in various contexts. The HCS toolkit is designed to be used by development practitioners, policy makers, employers, academics and researchers. Part A provides guidance for planning, collecting, analysing and using HCS data. Part B provides guidance for understanding, adjusting and using the HCS questions. Both sections should be read before undertaking the survey.
From Catastrophe to Catalyst: Can the World Bank make COVID-19 a turning point for building universal and fair public healthcare systems?
Authors: Seery Emma , Marriott Anna , Malouf Bous Katie , Shadwick Rebecca
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 has exposed the widespread failure to invest in strong and universal public health systems, putting millions of lives at risk and dramatically widening health inequalities. Oxfam analysed the World Bank’s emergency health funding to 71 countries in response to the pandemic. While its response has been rapid and significant, Oxfam finds that the World Bank has missed vital opportunities to strengthen public health systems so they can tackle COVID-19 and deliver health for all in the future. The research outlined in this briefing finds that 89% of World Bank projects do not plan to support any action to remove financial barriers, including user fees, that exclude millions from life-saving care; and two-thirds lack any plans to increase the number of healthcare workers. An urgent course correction is needed to help countries effectively fight the pandemic and build fairer, more resilient universal healthcare systems.
Posttraumatic midazolam administration does not influence brain damage after experimental traumatic brain injury
Authors: Sebastiani Anne , Bender Simone , Schäfer Michael K.E. , Thal Serge C.
Published: July 2021

Background The benzodiazepine midazolam is a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A receptor agonist frequently used for sedation or stress control in patients suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, experimental studies on benzodiazepines have reported divergent results, raising concerns about its widespread use in patients. Some studies indicate that benzodiazepine-mediated potentiation of GABAergic neurotransmission is detrimental in brain-injured animals. However, other experimental investigations demonstrate neuroprotective effects, especially in pretreatment paradigms. This study investigated whether single-bolus midazolam administration influences secondary brain damage post-TBI.Methods Two different midazolam dosages (0.5 and 5 mg/kg BW), a combination of midazolam and its competitive antagonist flumazenil, or vehicle solution (NaCl 0.9%) was injected intravenously to mice 24 h after experimental TBI induced by controlled cortical impact. Mice were evaluated for neurological and motor deficits using a 15-point neuroscore and the rotarod test. Histopathological brain damage and mRNA expression of inflammatory marker genes were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction three days after insult.Results Histological brain damage was not affected by posttraumatic midazolam administration. Midazolam impaired functional recovery, and this effect could not be counteracted by administering the midazolam antagonist flumazenil. An increase in IL-1β mRNA levels due to postinjury application of midazolam was reversible by flumazenil administration. However, other inflammatory parameters were not affected.Conclusions This study merely reports minor effects of a postinjury midazolam application. Further studies focusing on a time-dependent analysis of posttraumatic benzodiazepine administration are required.
Proportion of Neutrophils in the White Blood Cells as a Useful Marker for Predicting Bacteremic Acute Cholangitis
Authors: Yamaguchi Atsushi , Wada Kaoru , Moriuchi Riho , Tao Kanae , Konishi Hirona , Tamaru Yuzuru , Kusunoki Ryusaku , Kuwai Toshio , Kouno Hirotaka , Kohno Hiroshi
Published: July 2021

Background

A positive hemoculture in acute cholangitis is serious, and accordingly, a predictor for bacteremia at initial diagnosis would be particularly useful. We investigated the association between neutrophil proportion in the white blood cell count (Neut%) and bacteremic acute cholangitis.
Methods

In 166 patients of acute cholangitis diagnosed with Tokyo guideline 2013 from April 2014 to March 2015, ninety-four patients underwent blood culture assessment and were divided into a positive hemoculture (n = 48) and negative hemoculture (n = 46) group and these two group were compared. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive ability of Neut% and other inflammatory markers.
Results

Neut% was significantly higher in the positive hemoculture (91.7 ± 4.0% vs. 82.5 ± 9.0%, P < 0.0001). A cutoff Neut% value of 89.7% was strongly associated with bacteremia (area under the curve 0.86, sensitivity 77%, specificity 80%). A Neut% of ≥ 89.7% was a predictor of positive hemoculture in the univariate (P < 0.0001) and multivariate analyses (P < 0.001). Patients with a Neut% ≥89.7% needed early biliary drainage (30/46, 65.2% vs. 18/48, 37.5%, P = 0.0063).
Conclusions

Neut% is an independent predictor of bacteremia and prognosis in patients with acute cholangitis and may contribute to decision-making of early biliary drainage.
Identification of Industrial Sewage Sludge based on Heavy Metal Profiles: A Case Study of Printing and Dyeing Industry
Authors: Zhang Xufeng , Chen Shuyu , Ai Fangting , Jin Limin , Zhu Ningzheng , Meng Xiang-Zhou
Published: July 2021

The illegal disposal of industrial sewage sludge has caused serious environmental pollution. To develop identification techniques of industrial sewage sludge based on the characteristic fingerprints carried by sewage sludge itself is a promising method that is helpful to clarify the responsibility of illegal enterprises. In this study, heavy metal composition and speciation of sewage sludge from industries (including printing and dyeing industry and other industries) and municipal sewage treatment plant located in eastern China were determined and their performance of classification was evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discrimination analysis (LDA). Results showed that heavy metal composition and speciation can be an effective tool for distinguishing sewage sludge between printing and dyeing industry and other industries, with an accuracy rate of 82.9% and 100%, respectively. Antimony (Sb) and zinc (Zn) are two characteristic heavy metals, which can be used to identity sewage sludge in printing and dyeing sub-industries with an accuracy rate of 90%. The combination of these three methods may be a precise and promising tool for identification of sewage sludge between industries and sub-industries. This study developed a potential method for tracing the industrial sources of sewage sludge and establishing the identification database of industrial sewage sludge, and provided technical support for the government to supervise the illegal dumping and disposal of industrial sewage sludge.
Low Eosinophil Count : A Predictor of Inhospital Mortality in a Cohort of Cirrhosis Patients With Sepsis
Authors: KV Anoop , varghese jijo , devadas krishnadas
Published: July 2021

Background and Aims:Eosinopenia has recently been associated with sepsis. Thus, eosinopenia can be used as a marker of the severity of sepsis and high mortality, which helps in early identification of high risk patients, so better management can be offered to such patients. Aim of the study was to assess whether Absolute Esoinophil Count (AEC) at the time of ICU admission can be used as a predictor of inhospital mortality in cirrhotics.Materials and Methods:This study was a retrospective cohort study. The study population included cirrhosis patients admitted in ICU and High Dependency Unit with sepsis and their absolute eosinophil counts were assessed on the day of hospital admission.Results: A total of 105 patients were enrolled in the study. Among the various parameters analyzed, MELD score, CTP score, Albumin levels, Total count, CRP, ESR, ALT, Bilirubin, Creatinine, Urea, SIRS and Absolute Eosinophil Count(AEC) were statistically significant in predicting the mortality. AUROC of AEC for predicting mortality was 0.881. Cutoff of AEC by Youden’s index was 110 cells/cumm (sensitivity 91.3%, specificity 89%, positive predictive value 87.5% and negative predictive value 93%) in predicting inhospital mortality. MELD AUROC was 0.78 with cut off of > 24 (sensitivity 89%, specificity 74.6%, positive predictive value 73% and negative predictive value 89%) to predict mortality. Conclusion:In critically ill cirrhosis patients, absolute eosinophil count less than 110 cells/cumm can predict inhospital mortality.
Regional Flood Frequency Modeling for a Large Basin in India
Authors: Jaiswal Rahul , Nayak T. R. , Lohani A. K. , Galkate R. V.
Published: July 2021

The computation of flood magnitude and its likely occurrence to design different hydraulic structures are major challenges to the research community. The present study has been carried out to identify the homogeneous regions in the Mahanadi basin in Chhattisgarh part (data from 26 gauge/discharge sites) of India using conventional and clustering-based homogeneity tests and then computation and identification of probability weighted moment and L-moment based best regional distributions for different regions. Different simple to complex distributions like Extreme Value-I, Generalized Extreme Value, Logistic, Generalized Logistic, Generalized Pareto, Normal and Log-normal, Wakeby-4, and Wakeby-5 was used in the analysis through standardizing procedure to compute regional distributions. The best-fit distribution selected by simulating several series and compute L-kurtosis along with the L-moment ratio diagram. The homogeneity analysis confirmed that this basin can broadly be divided into two different homogeneous regions with 15 and 11 stations in the first (Region-1) and second (Region-2) regions respectively. The GEV distribution was found best suited for Region-1 while the Generalized Pareto worked well for Region-2. To make results more convenient for field application, catchment area-based equations were converted in the form of Dicken’s or Ryve’s formulae for these regions to estimate flood quantiles of any return period.