bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new FGF15/19‐mediated gut‐to‐heart axis controls cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Morón‐Ros Samantha , Blasco‐Roset Albert , Navarro‐Gascon Artur , Rupérez Celia , Zamora Monica , Crispi Fatima , Uriarte Iker , Fernández‐Barrena Maite G , Avila Matias , Ferrer‐Curriu Gemma , Lupón Josep , Bayés‐Genis Antoni , Villarroya Francesc , Gavaldà‐Navarro Aleix , Planavila Anna
Published: August 2023

FGF15 and its human orthologue, FGF19, are members of the endocrine FGF family and are secreted by ileal enterocytes in response to bile acids. FGF15/19 mainly targets the liver, but recent studies indicate that it also regulates skeletal muscle mass and adipose tissue plasticity. The aim of this study was to determine the role(s) of the enterokine FGF15/19 during the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Studies in a cohort of humans suffering from heart failure showed increased circulating levels of FGF19 compared with control individuals. We found that mice lacking FGF15 did not develop cardiac hypertrophy in response to three different pathophysiological stimuli (high‐fat diet, isoproterenol, or cold exposure). The heart weight/tibia length ratio and the cardiomyocyte area (as measures of cardiac hypertrophy development) under hypertrophy‐inducing conditions were lower in Fgf15‐null mice than in wild‐type mice, whereas the levels of the cardiac damage marker atrial natriuretic factor (Nppa) were up‐regulated. Echocardiographic measurements showed similar results. Moreover, the genes involved in fatty acid metabolism were down‐regulated in Fgf15‐null mice. Conversely, experimental increases in FGF15 induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo, without changes in Nppa and up‐regulation of metabolic genes. Finally, in vitro studies using cardiomyocytes showed that FGF19 had a direct effect on these cells promoting hypertrophy. We have identified herein an inter‐organ signaling pathway that runs from the gut to the heart, acts through the enterokine FGF15/19, and is involved in cardiac hypertrophy development and regulation of fatty acid metabolism in the myocardium. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Robust time‐varying formation control for uncertain multi‐agent systems with communication delays and nonlinear couplings
Authors: Yang Wenlong , Shi Zongying , Zhong Yisheng
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates the robust time‐varying formation control problems for a class of higher‐order multi‐agent systems subject to communication delays and heterogeneous uncertainties accounting for not only the parameter perturbations, nonlinearities and external disturbances occurring in the node local dynamics but also the nonlinear couplings in the interconnections of different nodes. For both cases of partially known and unknown time‐varying communication delays, we propose a unified formation control protocol, which incorporates a nominal controller to achieve the desired formation and a compensating signal to restrain the influences of uncertainties. Based on the signal compensation theory and Lyapunov–Krasovskii arguments, sufficient conditions to achieve the desired time‐varying formation are derived in terms of LMI. Thereafter, an explicit expression to describe the formation reference dynamics is yielded. Moreover, an algorithm is concluded to design the presented formation protocol in four steps. It is proven that the formation error can be made as small as desired under the designed controller despite the uncertainties and communication delays. Numerical simulation results are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed control schemes.
Lattice Strain and Charge Redistribution of Pt Cluster/Ir Metallene Heterostructure for Ethylene Glycol to Glycolic Acid Conversion Coupled with Hydrogen Production
Authors: Deng Kai , Lian Zilong , Wang Wenxin , Yu Jiabao , Yu Hongjie , Wang Ziqiang , Xu You , Wang Liang , Wang Hongjing
Published: August 2023

Upgrading overall water splitting (OWS) system and developing high‐performance electrocatalysts is an attractive way to the improve efficiency and reduce the consumption of hydrogen (H2) production from electrolyzed water. Here, a Pt cluster/Ir metallene heterojunction structure (Pt/Ir hetero‐metallene) with a unique Pt/Ir interface is reported for the conversion of ethylene glycol (EG) to glycolic acid (GA) coupled with H2 production. With the assistance of ethylene glycol oxidation (EGOR), the Pt/Ir||Pt/Ir hetero‐metallene two‐electrode water electrolysis system exhibits a lower cell voltage of 0.36 V at 10 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the Faradaic efficiency of EG to GA is as high as 87%. The excellent performance of this new heterostructure arise from the charge redistribution and strain effects induced by Pt–Ir interactions between the heterogeneous interfaces, as well as the larger specific surface area and more active sites due to the metallene structure.
“Dear Brother, Please, Send Me Some More Dollars…”: Transatlantic Migration and Historic Remittance Between the Habsburg Empire and the United States of America (1890–1930s)
Authors: Steidl Annemarie
Published: August 2023

Migrant remittances today constitute a significant part of international capital flows. Although few scholars would deny the significant contribution of migration and remittances to the income and survival of families in the present-day countries of origin, flows of remittances by migrants in the past are still a mostly neglected topic. Therefore, in the following text, I will follow the money that was sent in different ways from migrants in the United States to their dependents back in the Habsburg Empire. Nearly 18 million people left Europe for the United States between 1890 and the 1930s, the vast majority of whom had been born in Eastern and Southern Europe, and many returned to Europe before World War One. These transatlantic migrants transferred millions of dollars of their savings via letters, banks, or “pocket remittances,” and hence had a significant impact on the economy of the Habsburg Empire.
Einleitung
Authors: Möllers Thomas-Hugo
Published: August 2023

Auch diese Untersuchung verdankt ihre Entstehung einem Affekt, der Unzufriedenheit mit einer unheilvollen Entwicklung, die ihren Anfang mit der Umsteuerung des bundesdeutschen Schulwesens von der Input- zur Outputsteuerung nach dem PISA-Schock um die Jahrtausendwende nahm. Ergebnis dieser Umsteuerung waren weitgehend inhaltsarme, kompetenzorientierte Kernlehrpläne, die scheinbar davon ausgingen, dass die Auswahl von Inhalten für den Erwerb von Kompetenzen so beliebig ist, dass man sie den Lehrkräften vor Ort überlassen kann. Eng verbunden mit dieser Entwicklung war die scheinbare Gleichsetzung von Bildung und Kompetenz und das nicht hinzunehmende Verschwinden des Kultur- und Erziehungsbegriffs aus allen pädagogischen Debatten. Dem will diese Untersuchung entgegenwirken.
Akute Leukämien
Authors: Engelhardt Monika , Mertelsmann Roland , Duyster Justus
Published: August 2023

Das Kapitel 2 beinhaltet eine Zusammenstellung der am Universitätsklinikum Freiburg verwendeten Tumortherapie- und ggf. Studien-Protokolle der Entität Akute Leukämien. Dieses ist in die Unterkapitel Akute Lymphatische Leukämie (ALL) und Akute Myeloische Leukämie (AML) gegliedert. Der Kapitelinhalt orientiert sich an aktuellen Leitlinien und Therapieempfehlungen und spiegelt detailliert die Therapieabläufe inkl. Supportivtherapie der Freiburger Praxis wider.

Beim Erwerb von Einzelkapiteln muss folgendes beachtet werden:

Protokolle, die bei mehreren Entitäten angewandt werden können, sind aus technischen Gründen nur in jeweils einem Kapitel enthalten. Deshalb muss unter Umständen das Gesamtwerk konsultiert werden.

Erläuterungen zum praktischen Gebrauch der Protokollsammlung inkl. Dosismodifikationstabellen befinden sich im Kapitel 1 (Einleitung).
RTx: Thorakale Tumoren
Authors: Engelhardt Monika , Mertelsmann Roland , Duyster Justus
Published: August 2023

Das Kapitel 22 beinhaltet eine Zusammenstellung der am Universitätsklinikum Freiburg verwendeten Tumortherapie- und ggf. Studien-Protokolle der Entität Radio-Chemotherapie (RTx): Thorakale Tumoren. Dieses ist in die Unterkapitel RTx: nichtkleinzelliges Lungenkarzinom (NSCLC) und RTx: kleinzelliges Lungenkarzinom (SCLC) gegliedert. Der Kapitelinhalt orientiert sich an aktuellen Leitlinien und Therapieempfehlungen und spiegelt detailliert die Therapieabläufe inkl. Supportivtherapie der Freiburger Praxis wider.

Beim Erwerb von Einzelkapiteln muss folgendes beachtet werden:

Protokolle, die bei mehreren Entitäten angewandt werden können, sind aus technischen Gründen nur in jeweils einem Kapitel enthalten. Deshalb muss unter Umständen das Gesamtwerk konsultiert werden.

Erläuterungen zum praktischen Gebrauch der Protokollsammlung inkl. Dosismodifikationstabellen befinden sich im Kapitel 1 (Einleitung).
Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome (NHL)
Authors: Engelhardt Monika , Mertelsmann Roland , Duyster Justus
Published: August 2023

Das Kapitel 7 beinhaltet eine Zusammenstellung der am Universitätsklinikum Freiburg verwendeten Tumortherapie- und ggf. Studien-Protokolle der Entität Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome (NHL). Dieses ist in die Unterkapitel Indolente NHL, Aggressive NHL, Chronische Lymphatische Leukämie (CLL), ZNS-NHL, Multiples Myelom und Amyloidose gegliedert. Der Kapitelinhalt orientiert sich an aktuellen Leitlinien und Therapieempfehlungen und spiegelt detailliert die Therapieabläufe inkl. Supportivtherapie der Freiburger Praxis wider.

Beim Erwerb von Einzelkapiteln muss folgendes beachtet werden:

Protokolle, die bei mehreren Entitäten angewandt werden können, sind aus technischen Gründen nur in jeweils einem Kapitel enthalten. Deshalb muss unter Umständen das Gesamtwerk konsultiert werden.

Erläuterungen zum praktischen Gebrauch der Protokollsammlung inkl. Dosismodifikationstabellen befinden sich im Kapitel 1 (Einleitung).
Cytotoxic effect of polyvinyl alcohol-magnetite composite
Authors: Baca Ramos Karla , Olivas Armendáriz Imelda , Chapa González Christian , Álvarez Vera A. , García-Casillas Perla E.
Published: August 2023

Polymeric hydrogel is a promising candidate for drug delivery applications due to its ability to encapsulate and release drugs. Incorporating magnetic particles enables controlled and specific release, providing sustained and targeted delivery. This study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity of the magnetite-polyvinyl alcohol (MPVA) hydrogel, specifically its magnetite content, using 3T3 fibroblast cells. The findings indicate that the MPVA hydrogel with magnetite nanoparticles was compatible with the cells and did not induce cell death. Incorporating magnetite nanoparticles into the PVA hydrogel improved its thermal stability and degradation temperature, disrupting the chain order, decreasing melting behavior, and fractional crystallinity of the hydrogel. The MPVA hydrogel demonstrated a higher gel fraction and crosslink density compared to the PVA hydrogel due to the presence of magnetite nanoparticles. The interaction between PVA and magnetite nanoparticles occurred through non-covalent forces, allowing for reversible interactions and dispersion of the nanoparticles within the PVA matrix. Although the cytotoxicity of the MPVA gel was similar to that of the PVA gel, the viability of fibroblast cells within the MPVA gel varied depending on the concentration. The MPVA hydrogel exhibited stronger attachment and induced irregular changes on the cell surface compared to the PVA hydrogel. Furthermore, the MPVA gel displayed paramagnetic behavior and controllable magnetization, as demonstrated by the hysteresis loop. These magnetic properties make the MPVA gel suitable for potential biomedical applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents.
Cusps, Kleinian groups, and Eisenstein series
Authors: Liu Beibei , Wang Shi
Published: August 2023

We study the Eisenstein series associated to the full rank cusps in a complete hyperbolic manifold. We show that given a Kleinian group

$\Gamma <{\operatorname{\mathrm{Isom}}}^+(\mathbb H^{n+1})$

, each full rank cusp corresponds to a cohomology class in

$H^{n}(\Gamma , V)$

, where V is either the trivial coefficient or the adjoint representation. Moreover, by computing the intertwining operator, we show that different cusps give rise to linearly independent classes.
The effect of high-temperature heat treatment and homogenization on the microstructure of set yogurt curd networks
Authors: Ichimura Takefumi , Kusaka Mai , Nakamura Taku
Published: August 2023

Set yogurt's physical characteristics are greatly affected by the homogenization and heat treatment processes. In our previous study, set yogurt treated at 130°C and with the fat particle size reduced to ≤0.6 μm had equivalent curd strength, less syneresis and smoother texture than yogurt treated at 95°C. When investigating the mechanisms underlying yogurt's physical properties, it is important to evaluate the yogurt's microstructure. We conducted electron microscopy evaluations to investigate the mechanisms of changes in yogurt's physical properties caused by 130°C heat treatment and by a reduction in the fat globule size. We prepared yogurt mixtures by combining heat treatment at 95 and 130°C and homogenization pressure at 10 + 5 and 35 + 5 MPa and then fermented the mixtures in a common yogurt starter. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for the structural observations. Fine particles were observed on the surface of the casein micelles of the yogurt treated at 95°C, and the coalescence density between micelles was high. The surface of the yogurt treated at 130°C had few fine particles, and the coalescence density between micelles was low. The yogurt treated at 130°C with 35 + 5 MPa homogenization had low coalescence density between casein micelles, but smaller-particle-size fat globules increased the network density. Approximately 30% of the fat globules were estimated to be incorporated into the yogurt networks compared to the volume of casein micelles. We speculate that 130°C heat treatment alters the structure of whey protein on the surface of casein micelles and interferes with network formation, but reducing the size of fat globules reinforces the network as a pseudoprotein.
Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic related chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis: the role of masks
Authors: Cascino Flavia , Gabriele Guido , Pulli Beatrice , Catarzi Lisa , Latini Linda , Gennaro Paolo
Published: August 2023

Background

Chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis is a benign, but painful inflammatory condition of the ear, characterised by a tender nodule located on the helix or antihelix. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis associated with the use of coronavirus disease 2019 masks during the pandemic.

Method

A retrospective single-centre study was performed from February 2020 to February 2022 in the Maxillo-Facial Unit at the University Hospital of Siena, Italy.

Results

During the indexed period, 11 patients were affected by chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis. All patients wore a mask for more than 8 hours a day, every day for several months.

Conclusion

Although there is no certain proof of the correlation between masks and chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis, an increase in the incidence of this condition was highlighted in our single-centre experience in the pandemic period. The prolonged use of coronavirus disease 2019 masks may explain this correlation.
Effects of cover crop, N and residue management on the financial sustainability of processing tomatoes in Southwestern Ontario
Authors: Kerr Jamison , De Laporte Aaron , Weersink Alfons , Vyn Richard , Van Eerd Laura L.
Published: August 2023

Given the potential environmental and economic sustainability consequences of cover crop adoption, N fertilizer application, and residue management, this study focuses on the yield and financial effects of these on processing tomato production in Ontario, Canada. The study employs financial modeling using field data from a long-term cover crop experiment (oat, cereal rye, radish, and a radish-rye mixture) from 2010 to 2020. Averaged over six experimental years, compared to no cover (87 Mg ha−1) radish (99.6 Mg ha−1) and radish-rye mix (95.2 Mg ha−1) cover crops produce statistically significantly higher tomato yields as isolated practices, increasing farm net returns by $1120 ha−1 and $604 ha−1, respectively. When combined with N application, rye application additionally results in tomato yields statistically significantly higher than the base practice of no cover crop, zero N application and retained residue. Oat cover does not appear to have a statistically significant effect on tomato yields in this dataset. The application of N fertilizer results in statistically significantly higher tomato yield, increasing net returns by $882 ha−1, while residue management does not.
The Spatial Configuration of Segregation, Elite Fears of Disease, and Housing Reform in Washington, D.C.’s Inhabited Alleys
Authors: Swope Carolyn B.
Published: August 2023

In the early 1900s, Washington, D.C. contained many alleys in the interior of blocks inhabited by impoverished Black residents. Elite reformers engaged in an aggressive campaign to eliminate alleys, on the grounds of their purported unsanitary environment and high disease prevalence. In this paper, I combine quantitative, qualitative, and spatial sources to explore new perspectives on segregation, public health, and the racialized efforts of housing reformers during this period. I find that reformers overstated the horrors of conditions in alleys and their effects on residents’ health: poorer health among alley residents was in large part due to Black residents’ marginalization wherever they might live. Alleys’ status as racialized space, coupled with progressive paternalistic racism, facilitated the discursive construction of alleys as pathological “breeding grounds of disease.” Further, my findings shed new light on micro-configurations of segregation within racially mixed neighborhoods, as well as the social experience and meaning of such configurations. Far from indicating harmonious coexistence, the proximity of such alleys to white homes and institutions spurred elite Washingtonians’ self-interested fear of disease spreading beyond the alleys. Thus, this pattern of segregation helps explain the zeal of the campaign to eradicate alleys: as a means of achieving separation from undesired Black neighbors whom white reformers associated with contagion.
Genetische Diagnostik im klinischen Alltag der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie – Indikationen, Rahmenbedingungen, Hürden und Lösungsvorschläge
Authors: Degenhardt Franziska , Wohlleber Eva , Jamra Rami Abou , Hebebrand Johannes
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung: Medizinisch notwendige genetische Diagnostik ist eine Leistung der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung. Die steigende Relevanz dieser Diagnostik für die Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie (KJP) zeigt sich u. a. durch den zunehmenden Eingang genetischer Diagnostik in fachrelevante Leitlinien der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF). Die Verankerung in die Leitlinien geht jedoch bisher nur mit einer begrenzten Umsetzung in den klinischen Alltag einher. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den Stellenwert genetischer Diagnostik in den aktuellen, KJP-relevanten AWMF-Leitlinien, erläutert die in Deutschland geltenden Rahmenbedingungen für eine genetische Diagnostik, zeigt Hürden der Implementierung in den klinischen Alltag sowie mögliche Lösungsansätze auf. Anhand von Beispielen aus der klinischen Praxis werden die möglichen Nutzen einer genetischen Diagnose für die Patient_innen und ihre Familienangehörigen erläutert. Abschließend werden mögliche Zukunftsszenarien bezüglich des Einsatzes genetischer Untersuchungen in der KJP skizziert.
AI Could Reshape Climate Communication
Authors: Sanders Nathan , Hendricks Rose
Published: August 2023

If we can overcome its pitfalls, AI holds promise for improving trust in climate science and activating a largely disengaged public, with meaningful consequences for health and well-being globally.
Comparison of the Efficiencies of the Prognostic Generalized Complementary Functions on Evaporation Estimation
Authors: Wang Liming , Han Songjun , Tian Fuqiang , Tudaji Mahmut , Yang Yanzheng
Published: August 2023

Several prognostic generalized complementary functions have been proposed to estimate evaporation in recent years. However, there are few comparative studies about the performance of these predictable complementary functions at the global scale. This study compared the efficiencies of four prognostic generalized complementary functions on evaporation estimation at 195 eddy covariance (EC) sites. The four complementary functions include the polynomial function proposed by Brutsaert (2015, B2015, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017720), the rescaling functions proposed by Crago et al. (2016, C2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR019753) and by Szilagyi et al. (2017, S2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025611), and the sigmoid function proposed by Han and Tian (2018, H2018, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017wr021755). The results show that the four prognostic generalized complementary functions can provide an acceptable estimation of E (Pearson correlation coefficient ≈ 0.8; root‐mean‐square error <30 W m−2) in most of the global EC sites. For different ecosystem types, C2016 performs better in forests, shrublands, and grasslands, and H2018 performs better in wetlands and croplands. Each function has specific advantages. B2015 is popular because of its concise functional form; C2016 and S2017 are fully calibration‐free algorithms and have rescaling processes for each observation, and C2016 performs best on the monthly E estimation; H2018 suits for site mean estimation and has the most stable performance among all ecosystem types. However, all the functions have limitations, and there is still room for improvement. This study provided evidence for previous theoretical studies about the rationality of the complementary functions from the view of numerical simulation, and can help the wide application of the complementary functions on regional and global E estimation.
Enhanced detonators detection in X-ray baggage inspection by image manipulation and deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: Oulhissane Lynda , Merah Mostefa , Moldovanu Simona , Moraru Luminita
Published: August 2023

Detecting detonators is a challenging task because they can be easily mis-classified as being a harmless organic mass, especially in high baggage throughput scenarios. Of particular interest is the focus on automated security X-ray analysis for detonators detection. The complex security scenarios require increasingly advanced combinations of computer-assisted vision. We propose an extensive set of experiments to evaluate the ability of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models to detect detonators, when the quality of the input images has been altered through manipulation. We leverage recent advances in the field of wavelet transforms and established CNN architectures—as both of these can be used for object detection. Various methods of image manipulation are used and further, the performance of detection is evaluated. Both raw X-ray images and manipulated images with the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE), wavelet transform-based methods and the mixed CLAHE RGB-wavelet method were analyzed. The results showed that a significant number of operations, such as: edges enhancements, altered color information or different frequency components provided by wavelet transforms, can be used to differentiate between almost similar features. It was found that the wavelet-based CNN achieved the higher detection performance. Overall, this performance illustrates the potential for a combined use of the manipulation methods and deep CNNs for airport security applications.
Nachtrag zur kritischen Diskussion über das Deutsche Hämophilieregister (DHR) anlässlich der GTH-Jahrestagung in Frankfurt 2023, aktuelle Informationen zur Gefährdung der Versorgung mit Blutplasmaprodukten und Aus für Siemens Atellica in Deutschland
Authors: Koscielny Jürgen , Kappert Günther , Sucker Christoph
Published: August 2023

Nachtrag zur kritischen Diskussion über das Deutsche Hämophilieregister (DHR) anlässlich der GTH-Jahrestagung in Frankfurt 2023

Mittlerweile sind drei Monate seit der BDDH-Veranstaltung im Rahmen der GTH-Jahrestagung in Frankfurt vergangen. Mehrere Referenten hatten hier konstruktiv-kritische Kritik an der aktuellen Gestaltung und Datenabfrage des Deutschen Hämophilieregisters (DHR) geübt. Die Kritik der Ärzteschaft wurde auch durch eine Mitgliederumfrage des BDDH-Vorstandes gestützt. Aus dem Auditorium, sowohl von Ärzten als auch von Vertretern der pharmazeutischen Industrie, gab es ebenfalls viel Zustimmung. Obwohl auch Vertreter des DHR bei der Veranstaltung anwesend waren, hat der Vorstand des BDDH bislang keinerlei Feedback erhalten. Dies ist enttäuschend, da der Vorstand gerne konstruktive Gespräche mit den Vertretern des DHR geführt hätte, um eine benutzerfreundlichere Gestaltung des DHR und bessere Nutzung der erhobenen Daten zu ermöglichen. Offensichtlich wird seitens des DHR kein Bedarf hierfür gesehen.
„Wir müssen mehr Akzeptanz dafür schaffen, dass Künstler*in sein ein Beruf ist“ – Ergotherapeutin und Galeristin
Authors: Gerasch Leonie
Published: August 2023

Alexandra von Gersdorff-Bultmann gründete die Galerie ART CRU Berlin, um Arbeiten von Künstler*innen mit einer geistigen Behinderung oder einer psychischen Erkrankung eine Plattform zu bieten. Wie es dazu kam, erzählt sie im Interview.
Zwischenmenschliche Interaktionen meistern – Persönlichkeitsstörungen in der Forensik
Authors: Medani Samir
Published: August 2023

Ergotherapeuten, die in forensischen Einrichtungen tätig sind, sehen sich mit verschiedenen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Dazu zählt auch Klientel mit Persönlichkeitsstörungen. Samir Medani beschreibt, welche Strategien und Interventionsmöglichkeiten er in diesem Setting empfiehlt.
Effekte von geschwindigkeitsbasiertem Krafttraining auf Sprung-, Sprint- und Kraftleistungen
Authors: Held Steffen , Rappelt Ludwig , Wiedenmann Tim , Speer Kevin , Donath Lars
Published: August 2023

Geschwindigkeitsbasiertes Krafttraining verbessert die Sprung-, Spring- und Kraftleistung. Die Autoren haben verschiedene Studien miteinander verglichen, um herauszufinden, ob die Trainingseffekte hierbei besser sind als bei traditionellem Krafttraining.
Flexural behaviour modelling of carbon/epoxy laminates using the puck-EWM approach
Authors: El Idrissi Hamza , Benbouras Youssef , Bellahkim Mouad , Seddouki Abbass , Echaabi Jamal
Published: August 2023

To develop continuous fibre compos laminates and fabrics in the aeronautics and aerospace industry, a thorough understanding of the behaviour of these materials under various loading conditions is required. The purpose of this work aims to assess the failure of different composite materials subjected to a bending load, using the progressive damage approach. Puck's failure criteria and gradual degradation model have been used to simulate the initial and the successive damage, respectively. A user-defined material (UMAT) subroutine has been developed and implemented through finite element software Abaqus. Moreover, the effect of geometrical parameters is performed and identified by the experimental protocol. The predicted results obtained by this numerical modelling show a good correlation with the findings of the experimental test.
Performance of DNA barcodes for informing the subspecies controversy in North American populations of Callophrys gryneus (Hübner, [1819]) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Authors: Pfeiler Edward
Published: August 2023

Analysis of genetic divergence in published mitochondrial DNA barcodes from ‘juniper’ and ‘cedar’ hairstreaks, Callophrys gryneus (Hübner) and Callophrys muiri (Hy. Edwards), together with a comparison of phenotypic differences in populations from North America, have been used to address the long-standing controversy regarding subspecies and species assignments in this confusing group of hairstreaks. The most recent view holds that C. gryneus is a single polytypic species comprising 11 nominal subspecies and that C. muiri from California is a valid species. An alternative view subdivides C. gryneus into three nominal species, C. gryneus (s.s.), Callophrys siva and Callophrys nelsoni, each with several named subspecies, and retains C. muiri as a full species. Haplotype networks, phylogenetic analysis and analysis of molecular variance of barcodes provided evidence supporting the subspecies scenario. However, barcodes from closely related congeners of C. gryneus (s.l.) revealed pairwise genetic divergences that would also support elevating three subspecies (C. g. castalis, C. g. siva and C. g. nelsoni) to full species. The barcode data also raise the question of whether C. muiri warrants full species status. Larval host plant preference as a possible driver of genetic differentiation in western populations of this group is also discussed briefly.
14. IMPACTS OF ADDITIONAL CYCLES OF NEOADJUVANT IMMUNOCHEMOTHERAPY ON ESOPHAGECTOMY IN ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: Chen Long-Qi , Gu Yi-Min , Liu Bo-wei
Published: August 2023

Background

The aim of this study is to explore the pathological characteristics and safety of esophagectomy after different cycles of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods

We prospectively collected patients who underwent neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy combined with esophagectomy from two institutes between 2019 and 2022. The primary outcome was defined as pathological complete response (PCR), and the secondary outcomes were defined as the incidence of postoperative complications.

Result

The most commonly used checkpoint inhibitor was camrelizumab. A total of 152 enrolled patients underwent esophagectomy, with 9 of 119 patients (7.6%) in the 2-cycle group undergoing thoracotomy and 2 patients of 33 patients (6.1%) in the >2-cycle group converting to thoracotomy. Twenty-three patients in the 2-cycle group and 6 patients in the >2-cycle group achieved PCR, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (19.3% vs. 18.2%; P = 0.882). The N0 rate (57.1% vs. 51.5%; P = 0.565) and lymph node ratio (6% vs. 6%; P = 0.489) were similar between the two groups. The most common postoperative complication was pneumonia, there were no significant differences in postoperative complications between the two groups.

Conclusion

This study indicated that although additional cycles of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy had no significant effect on the feasibility and safety of esophagectomy, 2-cycle of treatment is enough when considering pathological complete response rate.
16. THORACIC FRACTURES AND OTHER CHEST WALL ABNORMALITIES AFTER THORACOTOMY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Van Wijck Suzanne F M , Barza Athiná , Vermeulen Jefrey , Eyck Ben M , Van der Wilk Berend J , Van der Harst Erwin , Verhofstad Michael H J , Lagarde Sjoerd M , Van Lieshout Esther M M , Zijden Charlène , Wijffels Mathieu M E
Published: August 2023

Background

Chest wall pain following a thoracotomy for esophageal cancer is frequently reported but poorly understood. The aims of this study were 1) to determine the prevalence of chest wall abnormalities on postoperative imaging; and 2) to compare complications, long-term pain, and quality of life in patients with versus without thoracotomy-related thoracic fractures.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with esophageal cancer who underwent a thoracotomy between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020. An early postoperative CT (<1 month) and/or late CT (>6 months) had to be available. Disease-free patients were asked to complete questionnaires on pain and quality of life (SF-36 and EORTC-QLQ-C30).

Results

A total of 366 patients were included. Thoracotomy-related rib fractures were seen in 144 (39%) patients and thoracic transverse process fractures in 4 (2%). Patients with thoracic fractures more often developed postoperative complications (89% versus 74%, p = 0.002), especially pneumonia (51% versus 39%, p = 0.032). Seventy-seven participants (33 with thoracic fractures, 44 without) completed questionnaires median 41 (P25-P75 28–91) months postoperatively. Long-term chest wall pain was reported by 48 (63%) participants but no association with thoracic fractures was found (p = 0.637). Quality of life scores did not differ between patients with versus without thoracic fractures and were mostly comparable with their reference populations.

Conclusions

Thoracic (mainly rib) fractures are prevalent following a thoracotomy for esophageal cancer. Patients with thoracic fractures have an increased risk of postoperative complications, especially pneumonia, but an association with long-term pain or decreased quality of life was not confirmed.
17. OUTCOMES OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER FROM SINGAPORE’S NATIONAL REGISTRY
Authors: Lee Zhen Jin , Heng Wei , Lye Tiffany , Tan Nan Guang , Lim Chin Hong , Lim Eugene , Eng Alvin , Chan Weng Hoong , Wong Wai Keong , Ong Hock Soo , Hui Jeremy Tan Tian
Published: August 2023

Background

The results of the CROSS trial has increased the impetus towards using neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery (trimodal) treatment for resectable stage II/III esophageal cancer. We sought to see what the Singaporean results have been based on data kept by the Singapore Cancer Registry.

Methods

Singapore Cancer Registry data pertaining to patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer from January 2010 to December 2017 were analysed in terms of trimodal treatment with curative intent.

Results

There were 840 patients in the registry with esophageal cancer over the study time period. 171 patients elected to have no active treatment and had a median survival of 2.4 months. Of the remainder, there were 59 patients who underwent trimodal treatment with curative intent. Overall median survival was 4.5 years in this group. There were 11 adenocarcinomas and 48 squamous cell carcinomas. Five-year survival rate was 44%.

Conclusions

Based on our national registry data, patients selected for neoadjuvant chemoradiation, and who actually follow-through with surgery, have a similar survival time when compared to the findings reported in the CROSS study.
32. QUALITY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR COMPLIANCE FOR THE TREATMENT OF OESOPHAGEAL ADENOCARCINOMA IN NEW ZEALAND
Authors: (Joanna) Wang Yijiao , Kulasegaran Suheelan , Srinivasa Sanket , Koea Jonathan , Maccormick Andrew
Published: August 2023

Background

Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is a lethal condition. The management is typically multifaceted with oesophagectomy being the cornerstone of treatment. Quality performance indicators (QPIs) are objective measurements of aspects of patient’s care that affect clinical outcomes. We look to measure a set of clinically relevant QPIs that can be used to capture key aspects of patient management at our institution.

Methods

all patients with OAC treated from 2010 to 2015, and 2020 to 2021 at Te Whatu Ora Waitemata were included. Patients with secondary metastases to the oesophagus or gastric cancer with extension to the oesophagus were excluded. Electronic data in the form of clinic letters, operation notes, histology and radiology reports were reviewed. QPI adherence was collected in binary form.

Results

QPIs with consistently high compliance rates include radiological staging and histological diagnosis, perioperative dietitian involvement, explanations of disease and treatment intent, and pathology report documentation. QPIs demonstrating significant change and improvement across the two groups include endoscopic resection (60.0% of patients with T1 disease in 2010 to 88.9% in 2020 group), multimodality treatment (majority ECF and ECX perioperative chemotherapy in 2010 to majority FLOT chemotherapy in 2020 group) and minimally invasive approach (30.4% hybrid in 2010 compared to 72.4% hybrid in 2020).

Conclusions

QPIs from the systematic review were readily measurable and were variably implemented in clinical practice. Areas requiring improvement were identified however relevance to real-world clinical outcomes require further focus of investigation.
34. EXTENDED RIGHT THORACIC APPROACH COMPARED WITH LIMITED LEFT THORACIC APPROACH FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER: TEN-YEAR SURVIVAL OF A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL
Authors: Li Bin
Published: August 2023

Objective

Esophagectomy can be performed using various surgical techniques. This study was conducted to understand the impact of surgery on long-term survival for esophageal cancer.

Methods

Between 2010 and 2012, 300 patients were prospectively recruited to compare the outcomes of esophagectomy using the right and left thoracic approaches. Based on pathological findings, 146 patients with squamous cell carcinoma in the right thoracic arm and 140 in the left arm were included in this analysis. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two arms after a 10-year follow-up period.

Results

The median DFS was 92 months in the right thoracic arm and 41 months in the left arm (hazard ratio (HR), 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.54–0.99; P = 0.045), with the cumulative 10-year DFS of 48% and 38%, respectively. The median OS was 136 months in the right thoracic arm and 99 months in the left arm (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.54–1.04; P = 0.081), with cumulative 10-year OS rates of 52% and 44%, respectively. DFS and OS were comparable between the two arms for patients without lymph node metastasis. Conversely, for patients with lymph node metastasis, 10-year DFS of the right and left thoracic arms were 33% and 21%, respectively (P = 0.018), and 10-year OS were 37.9% and 25.8%, respectively (P = 0.012).

Conclusion

Compared to esophagectomy via the left thoracic approach, patients who underwent esophagectomy via the right thoracic approach had better 10-year survival rates, and the survival benefit was significant for those with lymph node metastasis.
44. LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF PERORAL ENDOSCOPIC MYOTOMY FOR PATIENTS WITH ACHALASIA: A SINGLE-CENTRE STUDY
Authors: Alotaibi Mohammed , Bechara Robert
Published: August 2023

Background

and study aims: The short-term outcomes of Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for achalasia are well described, however, there is limited long-term data in the literature. This study aims to retrospectively assess the long-term outcomes of the POEM in a Canadian tertiary care centre.

Methods

All patients who underwent POEM for treatment of Achalasia with minimum follow-up of at least 4 years at a tertiary care centre were enrolled in this study. The primary outcome of the study was clinical success defined as a post-POEM Eckardt score ≤ 3 at ≥48 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in body mass index (BMI), incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), adverse events and length of hospital stay.

Result

Thirty-eight patient (aged 53.9 ± 17.9) underwent POEM, with a median follow-up period of 61 months (48–79). The mean Eckardt score was significantly reduced from 7.7 ± 1.9 to 1.2 ± 0.6 (P < 0.001). All patients achieved post-POEM Eckardt scores of ≤3 at ≥48 months. BMI increased from 27.4 ± 6.5 pre-POEM to 29.4 ± 6.7 (P < 0.003) post-POEM. Twelve (31.5%) patients developed pathologic reflux.

Conclusion

POEM is an effective and safe procedure for achalasia with durable long-term outcomes. Larger series with longer follow-up are required to confirm these results.
154. EVALUATION OF BLOOD FLOW IN RECONSTRUCTED GASTRIC TUBE AND IDENTIFICATION OF OPTIMAL ANASTOMOSES IN ESOPHAGECTOMY
Authors: Lee Seigi , Sato Hiroshi , MIyawaki Assistant Yutaka , Sakuramoto Prif Shinichi
Published: August 2023

Background

Anastomotic leakage in esophageal cancer surgery may be reduced by the evaluated blood flow to the reconstructed organ, but it is difficult to evaluate quantitatively arterial and venous blood flow. This study aimed to evaluate quantitatively blood flow that has not been possible before, and to determine the relationship between the blood flow in the gastric tube with anastomosis leakage using near-infrared spectroscopy.

Methods

This single-center, observational study included 50 patients aged 51 to 82 who underwent radical esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction for esophageal cancer from June 2022 and January 2023. Regional tissue oxygen saturation was measured at the antrum (point X), the anastomotic point (point Z), and the midpoint between points X and Z (point Y) before and after gastric tube formation. These, alongside the decreasing rate of oxygen saturation at the three points, were investigated in relation to anastomosis leakage.

Results

Regional tissue oxygen saturation at points X and Z after gastric tube formation was significantly lower in the presence of leakage than in its absence. The decreasing rate of regional tissue oxygen saturation at point Z was significantly higher in the presence of leakage than in its absence. There was no significant difference in the decreasing rate of regional tissue oxygen saturation at point X and Y between the presence and absence of leakage. The cut-off decreasing rate of the rSO2 was 29.4%.

Conclusion

Regional tissue oxygen saturation levels may be useful for measuring blood flow and may be a predictor of anastomosis leakage.
175. OPTIMIZING MEDIASTINAL ACCESS FOR RADICAL ESOPHAGECTOMY: A BILATERAL CERVICAL AND TRANSHIATAL APPROACH TO RESECT ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
Authors: Xu Wei , Jiang Yuequan
Published: August 2023

Background

Major medical centers have gradually attempted and promoted esophagectomy via mediastinal approach. However, this operation is challenging and requires a high level of technical proficiency from surgeons because of the limited space and restricted visibility of the mediastinum. The current surgical method limits its application in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer, which underscores an urgent need for optimization to facilitate its refinement and dissemination.

Methods

We have implemented the following enhancements to the surgical procedure: 1. The cervical level was chosen for transecting the esophagus, and then the proximal esophageal stump was pulled down and invaginated. 2. Bilateral cervical incisions were made, with a small 0.5 cm incision at the anterior edge of the right sternocleidomastoid muscle. 3. The position of abdominal surgical incisions was adjusted so that all incisions were located on the left side of the abdominal midline. 4. A portion of the left diaphragm was dissected. 5. During the superior mediastinum procedure, gauze was positioned within the expanded superior mediastinum.

Results

1. The surgical field was fully exposed, expanding the operative space for upper mediastinal surgery. 2. The difficulty of this surgery was reduced, and it was easier to expose both RLNs and completely remove the mediastinal lymph nodes. 3. The 106recR could be completely removed under endoscopy. 4. The thoracic duct could be fully exposed and freed. 5. During surgery, gauze is placed in the upper mediastinum to aid in hemostasis and improve visibility. 6. Even if the tumor was slightly larger or locally invaded surrounding tissues, it could be completely resected. 7.Complete resection of the esophageal mesorectum was successfully achieved.

Conclusion

Esophagectomy for esophageal cancer via bilateral cervical and transhiatal approach can achieve radical resection and can be applied to patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. This surgical method expands the surgical indications, reduces the surgical difficulty for surgeons, and facilitates the promotion and popularization of the mediastinal approach surgery.

Video address: https://www.icloud.com.cn/iclouddrive/085wyZDN6Qqm6Ou06fhOsi-Rw#2023_ISDE_abstract_video
176. NON-REGIONAL LYMPHADENOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH ESOPHAGEAL CANCER TREATED WITH CURATIVE INTENT: A PROPENSITY MATCHED ANALYSIS OF PATHOLOGICAL AND SURVIVAL OUTCOMES
Authors: Tankel James , Boukhili Neyla , Sakalla Rawan , Hijazi Talia , Spicer Jonathan , Assaleh Jamil , Alcindor Thierry , Najmeh Sara , Cools-Lartigue Jonathan , Ferri Lorenzo
Published: August 2023

Background

The management of patients with esophageal cancer and concurrent retroperitoneal or supraclavicular lymphadenopathy is controversial. Whilst these patients could be considered non-resectable, the survival benefit of neoadjuvant treatment followed by en bloc resection is not well described. The aim of this study was to explore the perioperative, pathological and survival outcomes of patients with esophageal cancer who presented with oligometastatic non-regional lymphadenopathy treated with neoadjuvant therapy and subsequent en bloc transthoracic esophagogastrectomy.

Methods

Between 01/2010 and 12/2022, a single center retrospective review of a prospectively maintained comprehensive esophageal cancer surgical database was performed. All patients with esophageal and junctional cancer with clinical non-regional (supraclavicular and retroperitoneal) lymphadenopathy were identified (Tany, Nany, M+). Only patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy (nCT/nCRT) and extended en bloc transthoracic esophagogastrectomy including resection of the non-regional lymph node basin were included. Patients with gastric cancer and solid organ metastases were excluded. Propensity score matching was used to create a control group of clinically M- patients from same database to compare survival outcomes.

Results

Of the 46/1235 patients with non-regional lymphadenopathy, 39 met the inclusion criteria. Most had adenocarcinoma (35/39,89.7%) with retroperitoneal and supraclavicular lymphadenopathy in 26/39 (66.7%) and 16/39 (41.0%). nCRT and nCT was used in 5 and 34 patients respectively. Twenty-four received taxane based regimens and 24/39 (61.5%) adjuvant therapy. A trend towards improved overall survival was noted when comparing the study and control groups (27.0 vs 17.0 months, p = 0.065). However, cM+(retroperitoneal) had similar survival to the control group with both being higher than cM+(supraclavicular) (27.0 vs 21.0 vs 13.0 months, p = 0.039). Non-regional nodal basin sterilization occurred in 20/36 (55.6%) and was not associated with improved survival.

Conclusion

Whilst non-regional lymph node disease in the setting of esophageal cancer can be treated with neoadjuvant therapy and curative en bloc extended transthoracic resection, it seems that in terms of survival patients with retroperitoneal disease benefit the most. In this group of patients, equivalent survival to those with non-metastatic disease is achievable. Further understanding into those who would benefit from such a regimen is urgently needed.