bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond Animal Charisma: A Sociological Approach to Charismatic Species
Authors: Fordahl Clayton
Published: March 2024

Sociologists have been debating the nature of charisma since the discipline's inception. Recent debates in the sociology of charisma concern the role of social interaction and the place of organisations in the generation of charisma. As these debates have developed, the interdisciplinary field of conservation has begun to debate the concept of charismatic species. To date, literature from the conservation sciences has identified those species most likely to be identified as charismatic and those variables most frequently associated with charismatic species. However, little theorising has been done on the causes of charisma in charismatic species. This article uses the case of charismatic species to outline sociological arguments about charisma more generally. This theoretical exercise advances the literature in both sociology and conservation in several ways. For sociologists, the case of charismatic species shows that seemingly competitive models of charisma are in fact complementary. For those interested in the uses of charismatic species for conservation, this article demystifies charismatic species, demonstrating the ways in which they are historically and socially constructed.
Effectiveness of a smartphone-based virtual reality intervention on balance and functional mobility in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A pre-post experimental study
Authors: Nalawade Revati J. , Metgud Deepa C. , Sampagar Abhilasha A.
Published: March 2024

Background:

The odds of survival of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has increased markedly owing to a better understanding of pathogenesis, adoption of risk stratification therapy, and availability of newer therapeutic agents. These drugs, however, may affect balance and functional mobility, leading to activity restrictions. Virtual reality (VR) is a promising rehabilitation program for motor difficulties. The study, therefore, aimed to determine the effect of a smartphone-based VR intervention on balance and functional mobility in children with ALL.

Methods:

The pre-post experimental study included 32 children with ALL between 4 and 18 years of age. They received smartphone-based VR intervention every day for a period of 2 weeks, with each session lasting for 30 minutes. Each session included five VR games that were played by the child for 5 minutes each, with 1 minute rest between the games. Pre- and post-intervention, balance and functional mobility were evaluated using the balance subset of Bruininks Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, second edition (BOT-2) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, respectively.

Results:

Children with ALL demonstrated a significant improvement in balance post-intervention, with a mean difference of 2.22 ± 1.75 (P < 0.0001). Functional mobility improved with a mean difference of 1.12 ± 1.09 (P < 0.0001). There was an improvement of 8.04% and 11.04% in balance and functional mobility, respectively.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that a 2-week smartphone-based VR intervention is effective in improving balance and functional mobility in children with ALL.
Urinary megalin levels in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and its correlation with renal function
Authors: Jagennath Sudharshan , Mehalingam Vadivelan , Adole Prashant S. , Senthilkumar Gandhipuram Periyasamy
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

Megalin is a glycoprotein molecule found on proximal renal tubular epithelial cells. The objectives of this study were to determine urinary megalin levels in non-diabetic subjects and in patients with and without type 2 diabetic nephropathy and to assess the correlation between urinary megalin, urinary albumin, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India for 2 years. Study subjects were divided into three groups: non-diabetic subjects, diabetics with normoalbuminuria, and diabetics with microalbuminuria. Urinary albumin was detected by the dipstick technique in a spot urine sample for all study subjects. Nephelometry was used to quantify urinary albumin levels. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique estimated urinary megalin.

Results:

Urinary megalin levels were higher in non-diabetic subjects compared to diabetic study subjects. There was a significant difference in urinary megalin levels between non-diabetic subjects and diabetic patients with microalbuminuria. No correlation was found between urinary megalin, urinary albumin, and eGFR in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Conclusion:

Urinary megalin levels were higher in non-diabetic subjects than in type 2 diabetic patients. There was no correlation between urinary megalin, urinary albumin, and eGFR in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Role of Gender perceptions in shaping gender-based discrimination and gender equality among school-going adolescents, Telangana: A cross-sectional community-based study
Authors: Manchana Varalakshmi , Gannavarapu Srujan Vineet
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Adolescence is a unique phase of life, facilitates the transition of a child to an adult, and thus is characterized with distinctive challenges as well as potentialities. Gender socialization during adolescence is shaped by the family, culture, and social construct results to development of attitudes, with more consistent and organized vision toward self and the society.

Aim:

The present study aims to identify the gender attitudes, perceived gender role, and gender discrimination among adolescents.

Materials and Methods:

Cross-sectional descriptive design adopted to study the gender perceptions among adolescents (N = 200) between 8th and 12th standards and meeting the inclusive criteria. Data were collected on gender attributes, attitudes, and perceived discrimination based on gender. Gender equality scores measured among students were categorized between high and low.

Results:

Findings reveal the persistence of gendered attitudes, roles, and relationships based on gender; 54% girls and 58% boys reported that boys/men are expected to be tough and less emotional and (37.5% girls; 46% boys) agreed that men were decision makers in the financial and family matters and women were felt as lesser role players. Overall, 46% were with gender-biased perceptions. Girls (18%) and boys (5%) reported sexual abuse; however, for any gender abuse, only 16% preferred to seek help from the family members.

Conclusion:

Findings of the present study highlight the need for gender sensitization in education and schools to transform gender-balanced attitudes and behaviors from young age which greatly affect the inter-personal relationships, affecting behaviors and relationships in families and societies in adulthood.
Internet addiction among MBBS students at a New Delhi medical college: Prevalence and determinants of a silent pandemic
Authors: Abbas Husain , Rasheed Nazish , Mani Utsav A. , Kumar Mukesh
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:

The 21st century has witnessed a surge in global internet usage, particularly in developing nations like India. Internet addiction, also known as pathological internet use (PIU) or internet addiction (IA), has emerged as a mental health concern, especially among university students. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of IA among MBBS students in a medical college in Delhi, India, and explore the association of IA with sociodemographic and internet usage patterns.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 300 undergraduate medical students. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire, which included the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) developed by Dr. Kimberley Young. The IAT measures various aspects of internet use, and scores are categorized as normal user, mild addiction, moderate addiction, and severe addiction. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for data analysis.

Results:

The mean age of onset of internet use was 14.4 ± 1.6 years. Smartphones were the most common devices used for internet access (96.3%), and the mean daily internet usage was 2.9 h ± 0.9 (standard deviation [SD]). The study found that 70.7% of students maintained a permanent login status. The majority of subjects used the Internet for coursework (89.7%) and information searches (88.7%). The prevalence of IA was significant, with 90% of participants being addicted to varying degrees. The grading of IA revealed 10% with no addiction, 54.6% with mild addiction, 32% with moderate addiction, and 3.3% with severe addiction.

Conclusion:

IA is a prevalent public health concern among medical students in Delhi, with a majority of participants being addicted to some extent. Females showed a higher proportion of addiction compared to males. Certain internet activities, such as social networking and watching online videos, were significantly associated with IA. The study highlights the need for recognizing IA as a public health concern and further research to understand its impact on the youth. Longitudinal studies are recommended to observe the development and progression of IA over time.
Prehospital care and interfacility transfer of trauma patients before reaching the emergency of a level-1 trauma care center
Authors: Hansda Upendra , Mishra Tushar S. , Topno Nitish , Sahoo Sangeeta , Mohan Sreshtaa , Chakola Sebastian
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Management of trauma patients includes prevention, prehospital care, appropriate resuscitation at a hospital, definitive treatment, and rehabilitation. Timely and adequate care for a trauma patient is paramount, which can dramatically impact survival. This study was planned to assess the proportion of patients who failed to receive adequate prehospital care before reaching our institute.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted in the trauma and emergency department of a level-1 trauma center in eastern India from February to April 2022. The demographic profile, vital parameters, injury, mode of transport, travel duration, referring hospital, and any interventions as per airway/breathing/circulation/hypothermia were collected.

Results:

The records of a hundred-two patients who were brought to the trauma and emergency department in the study period were reviewed. Road traffic accident involving two wheelers was the leading cause of injury. Eighty-three percent of the patients were referred from other health centers, of which 49 were referred from district headquarters hospitals. Only three patients out of 14 had been provided with an oropharyngeal airway for whom endotracheal intubation was indicated. Only one among the 41 patients needing Philadelphia collar actually received. Sixteen patients were provided supplemental oxygen out of the 35 for whom it was indicated. Out of 68 patients in whom intravenous cannulation and fluid administration were indicated, only 35 patients had received it. Out of 31 patients with fractures, none were provided immobilization.

Conclusion:

The care of the trauma patients with respect to airway, breathing, circulation, and fracture immobilization was found to be grossly inadequate, emphasizing the need of structured and protocol based prehospital trauma care.
Baseline knowledge about hypertension and sociodemographic factors related to salt intake behavior among hypertensive individuals in a rural community of Bangladesh: Substudy of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jahan Yasmin , Rahman Md Moshiur , Moriyama Michiko
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Excess salt consumption increases blood pressure, and therefore, this substudy was designed among rural hypertensive individuals to assess the baseline knowledge about hypertension (HTN), and dietary salt intake behavior and identify the potential predictors for urinary salt excretion in Bangladesh.

Material and Methods:

A total of 420 participants were enrolled after meeting the eligibility criteria during the 12 months of the study period. The participants received behavior changes related to short message services (SMS) and face-to-face education from community health workers.

Results:

Our study results found that 80% of the participants had positive knowledge of HTN. This study showed that the mean value of overnight urinary sodium excretion was 10.65 ± 3.00 at the 1st-month follow-up and 10.24 ± 3.03 at the endline. We found that mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly related to higher salt intake (P = 0.009, P = 0.011, and P = 0.005, respectively). However, participants had improved their MUAC, SBP, and DBP status in their 1st follow-up period, but still, significant associations were observed between them (P = 0.033, P = 0.011, and P = 0.002, respectively).

Conclusion:

This study’s results found that sodium excretion among hypertensive participants was higher, and higher urinary sodium excretion was associated with overweight and BP in adults. Nonetheless, the real salt intake practice among the Bangladeshi population is still unknown, which demands further research.
Evaluation of comorbidities in the SARS-CoV-2-related mortalities: A retrospective observation from a dedicated COVID-19 care hospital
Authors: Khanna Nisha , Bharti Shreekant , Guralarasan G , Surabhi  , Kumar Tarun , Sinha Ruchi , Bhadani Punam P.
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Since its discovery in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly around the world with being declared a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Comorbidities are one of the most concerning clinical considerations for mortality.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective observational study conducted at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in Patna, Bihar, from June 2020 to December 2020. It included adult patients who succumbed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during this period, and their relevant information, such as demographic information hospital stay duration, haematological parameters and comorbidities, was gathered.

Results:

The mean age of the study group was 63.5 (11.8) years. Of 150 cases, 126 men (about 84 per cent) and 24 women were involved (16 per cent). In our study, hypertension (HTN) was shown to be the most frequent comorbidity at 68.7% (103/150), followed by diabetes mellitus (DM) at 61.3% (92/150). The most prevalent haematological disorder identified in our investigation was anaemia and leucocytosis.

Conclusion:

The categorisation of patients who would need extra measures including early hospitalisation, heightened monitoring and intense therapy would be made easier by identifying patient traits and conditions.
The ‘Vaidya’ – The Ancient Indian Family Physician: The origin of family medicine specialty in India – a call for action by the National Medical Commission (NMC)
Authors: Kumar Raman
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Family medicine is the academic discipline, knowledge domain and specialty of family physicians or family doctors globally. Family medicine is rapidly developing in India amidst resistance and criticism. Many opponents identify family medicine as a western concept and argue for its non suitability for implementation in India. Family medicine or family physician is not a new concept for the Indian people. The family doctor concept originated in India from the community-based Vaidya system – an ancient old tradition of the Indian civilisation. A ‘Vaidya’ typically refers to a local physician engaging with the population. The Vaidya used to provide personalised care and primary medical care to individuals and families. The Vaidya remained the ‘Family Physician’, and this identity and profession has an unbreeched association of more than several millennia with the Indian population. It is to be noted that all the goals of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) training in India, the aspirations, skills and competencies for trainees, as defined by the National Medical Commission (NMC), can be identified as the academic discipline and vocation of family physicians. However, family medicine has not yet been included as a distinct and mandatory subject for MBBS students by the NMC. The demand for personalised health care within the community by the family doctors has never diminished but has only been artificially restricted. Family physicians contribute significantly to the promotion of health, prevention of diseases and the management of various health conditions in the Indian context. We look forward to the integration of family physician and family doctor concepts within the mainstream medical education system. It is expected that family medicine will become part of MBBS curriculum as promulgated in the NMC Act 2019.
A study to evaluate the burden of hearing loss and its correlation with risk factors among high-risk infants at a teaching institution, Jaipur
Authors: Soni Rajeev , Kacker Sudhanshu , Saboo Neha
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Hearing loss is a global issue of hearing disability and early detection and rehabilitation of hearing loss are important for the development of speech and language skills in hearing-impaired infants. There are multiple risk factors that aid in hearing loss but some are potential factors that contribute toward hearing loss in infants. The aim of this study was to assess the burden of hearing loss and its correlation with risk factors among high-risk infants at a teaching institution in Jaipur, Rajasthan.

Method:

This study was carried out after approval of institutional ethics committee on a total of 320 high-risk infants at RUHS College of medical sciences and associated hospitals. Hearing loss was assessed by brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA). Statistical analysis of data was done by cross-tabulation analysis with Pearson correlation and quantile regression.

Results:

Out of 320 high-risk infants, 59.69% of infants had normal hearing, 9.09% Unilaterally hearing impaired, 20.31% were bilaterally mild-moderate hearing loss, and 10.94% had severe-profound deafness. The prevalence of important risk factors viz. hyperbilirubinemia, low birth weight, appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration score, meconium aspiration, respiratory distress, and ventilation greater than five days were 86%, 58.9%, 40%, 36%, 29%, and 22%, respectively.

Conclusion:

In high-risk infants, hearing loss is a common hearing disorder. Because of this, early diagnosis of hearing loss gives them the best chance of developing functional speech. Brainstem evoked response audiometry is a simple, reliable, and effective technique for the assessment of auditory functions in infants.
Community-based Advocacy Communication Social Mobilization (ACSM) intervention by empowering key community leaders: Evaluation using the RE-AIM framework
Authors: Mohan Reenaa , Kalaiselvan Ganapathy
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Based on the theme of World Tuberculosis (TB) Day 2018—”Wanted Leaders for TB free world,” various studies and country-level project have witnessed how training leaders on TB has helped enhance TB awareness in the community. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Advocacy Communication and Social Mobilization (ACSM) intervention strategy through key community leaders, using Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework.

Materials and Methods:

This study was undertaken by the Department of Community Medicine, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital (SMVMCH), Puducherry, in the field practice area of Primary Health Centre (PHC), Thirubuvanai. The STOP TB, ENGAGE-TB, and National TB Elimination Program (NTEP) guidelines were used for interventions. Key community leaders (KCL) list (N = 117) was obtained from Mannadipet commune panchayat and PHC. The study was conducted in four phases: phase 1 (baseline): quantitative data: proportion of presumptive TB cases from notification register; phase 2 (intervention): training program for staff nurses, auxiliary nurse midwife (ANM), Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA), and Anganwadi workers (group activity), participatory rural appraisal (PRA) activity for self-help group (SHG) leaders, and health education session for religious leaders and ex-panchayat leaders; phase 3: strengthening of ongoing activity: health education session and active case finding for TB; and phase 4: end line: outcome of the intervention, evaluated using the RE-AIM framework.

Results:

As an outcome of the intervention, there was a marginal increase (21 cases) in the proportion of presumptive TB cases when comparing before (2018) and after (2019) intervention. The proportion of presumptive TB cases identified and referred by KCL was 312. A total of 77 presumptive TB cases were identified through community-based active case finding (ACF). Two sputum samples (on the spot early morning) were collected and sent for Cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification testing (CBNAAT), of which three cases were positive.

Conclusion:

This study was community led and involved leaders from diverse backgrounds, optimizing the chance of success. For sustainability, we have initiated TB support group.
Preparing and evaluating the anti-microbial effect of Allium jesdianum mouthwash on some of the most common oral microorganisms
Authors: Golfakhrabadi Fereshteh , Mansouri Donyasadat , Montazeri Effat Abbasi , Salimi Anayatollah , Babadi Fatemeh , Rakhshan Vahid
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Due to the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and anti-bacterial compounds in plants, Allium jesdianum Boiss plant extract can be used in mouthwash compounds with its anti-microbial activity.

Methods and Materials:

The anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity of A. jesdianum mouthwash was investigated on Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, S. salivarius and Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis. To analyse the anti-microbial effect of this mouthwash, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by the broth microdilution method.

Results:

The average MIC and MBC of A. jesdianum mouthwash for S. mutans were 1.56 and 3.12 (mg/ml), respectively, for S. salivarius, 0.25 and 0.65 (mg/ml), and for S. sanguis, respectively, 0.25 and 0.65 (mg/ml). The highest MIC and MBC values were for S. mutans, and the MIC and MBC values were equal for S. sanguis and S. salivarius. Average MIC and MBC were determined as 2.41 and 4.16 (mg/ml) for C. albicans and 2.34 and 5.72 (mg/ml) for C. tropicalis, respectively. MIC values of mouthwash were higher for C. albicans and MBC values for C. tropicalis.

Conclusion:

Our results showed a promising anti-fungal-anti-bacterial effect of A. jesdianum extract. A. jesdianum extract may be used as an alternative to chemical mouthwashes.
Assessment of knowledge and prevalence of fibromyalgia among medical students and physicians in Riyadh region
Authors: Alshaikh Omalkhaire M. , Alawwad Nujood Nasser , Alsubaie Shoug Sultan , Alahmari Aghadir N. , Al-Mutairi Sultanah , Al-Humaidi Khulud , Alanazi Meshal D.
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition that is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and tenderness of soft tissue. The prevalence of FM in Saudi Arabia is not known. The diagnosis of FM is mainly clinical. The knowledge about fibromyalgia is poor, even among healthcare providers.

Aim:

To assess the knowledge and prevalence of fibromyalgia among medical students and physicians in the Riyadh region.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at all medical colleges in Riyadh and Riyadh hospitals. The study was conducted on both medical students and physicians using a questionnaire. The SPSS program was used to analyze the data.

Results:

A total of 556 participants were involved; 56.5% heard about fibromyalgia, and only 5.6% attended Continuing Medical Education (CME) activity. There were 31.5% had high knowledge, whereas 68.5% had low knowledge. The level of knowledge was associated with the year (P = 0.002), specialty (P = 0.013), hearing about fibromyalgia (P = 0.0001), attending lectures (P = 0.009), and being aware of diagnostic criteria (P = 0.0001).

Conclusion:

The prevalence of FM was high, and there was poor knowledge among medical students and physicians regarding fibromyalgia.
Congenital Intraoral Dermoid and Epidermoid Cyst with Orocutaneous Fistula Presenting with Life-threatening Airway Obstruction in an Infant
Authors: Naik Deepti , Mahalik Santosh Kumar , Mohakud Sudipta , Sable Mukund Namdev , Mohanty Manoj Kumar
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Dermoid cysts and epidermoid cysts in the floor of the mouth are rare in the pediatric age group. In this case report, we have discussed the presentation, management, and literature review of a 6-month-old female child presenting with both dermoid and epidermoid cysts in the floor of the mouth with an orocutaneous fistula.
Experimental Investigation of a Flexible Airframe Taxiing Over an
Uneven Runway for Aircraft Vibration Testing
Authors: Al-bess Lohay , Khouli Fidel
Published: March 2024

The ground vibration test (GVT) is an important phase in a new aircraft
development program, or the structural modification of a certified aircraft, to
experimentally determine the structural vibrational modes of the aircraft and
their modal parameters. These modal parameters are used to validate and
correlate the dynamic finite element model of the aircraft to predict potential
structural instabilities (such as flutter), assessing the significance of
modifications to research vehicles by comparing the modal data before and after
the modification and helping to resolve in-flight anomalies. Due to the high
cost and the extensive preparations of such tests, a new method of vibration
testing called the taxi vibration test (TVT) rooted in operational modal
analysis (OMA) was recently proposed and investigated as an alternative method
to conventional GVT. In this investigation, an experimental setup was
constructed to further investigate the applicability of the TVT to flexible
airframes encountered in fixed-wing autonomous aerial systems with
oleo-pneumatic shock absorber landing gears in a tricycle configuration. The
influence of the taxiing speed and the landing gear–shock absorber damping
setting on the outcome of the TVT is also investigated. The taxiing speed was
found to strongly influence the success of the test with an optimal taxiing
speed existing for the assembled airframe that allows for the best TVT outcome.
The shock absorber damping setting was found to increase the level of the
airframe excitation during the TVT; however, it did not impact its outcome as
compared to the taxiing speed. Certain modes were not identified during the TVT
tests, which was attributed to the way the assembled aircraft is secured to the
moving belt and to the lack of sufficient excitation through taxiing. The
experimental vibrational modes were successfully matched against the modes
obtained from the normal modal analysis of an uncorrelated flexible multibody
dynamics model. Further investigations are suggested before the TVT method can
be deemed suitable for all classes of fixed-wing aerial systems.
TEACHER STRATEGIES IN FACING IN THE CHALLENGES OF 21st CENTURY EDUCATION
Authors: Ramadhanti Ileena
Published: March 2024

Education in the 21st century faces complex challenges, especially in the context of shifting paradigms toward modern education. This article outlines the definition of education as a conscious effort to develop spiritual potential, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character, and necessary skills. The paradigm shift in 21st-century education requires teachers to adapt to the developments of the times, particularly in the implementation of suitable educational strategies. Challenges for 21st-century teachers involve aspects of technology, multiculturalism, active learning, and accountability. Teachers must overcome technological gaps, confront changes in teaching methods, and meet the demands of 21st-century skills. This research aims to understand teacher strategies in facing the challenges of 21st-century education using a qualitative descriptive analysis approach. The research findings indicate that teachers employ strategies such as collaborative learning, blended learning, project-based learning, problem-based learning, design-based learning, and inquiry-based learning. These strategies aim to enhance 4C skills (communication, collaboration, creativity, and critical thinking) essential for meeting the demands of the 21st century. By implementing these strategies, teachers can overcome challenges and prepare students for a future full of change and complexity.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND FITNESS LEVEL OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN A TERTIARY TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Gelisanga Maribeth Anne P. , Alano-Ramos Sarah Faye C. , Ang Cynthia D. , Ignacio Sharon D.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) and health-related fitness (HRF) level are currently considered key factors in public health promotion, and as such, is healthcare workers need to be well because they are not only responsible for themselves, but of their clients as well. To determine the PA and HRF levels of healthcare workers in a tertiary hospital, disaggregated to age, sex, work assignments, and job tenure.

Methods: A cross-sectional research design was utilized to assess healthcare employees from the administrative, medical, nursing, and paramedical cohorts. ALPHA-FIT Test Battery was used to determine PA levels and assess cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, lower extremity power and strength, upper body muscle endurance, balance, and body composition.

Results: A total of 282 participants were tested, with mean age 37.4 years, 62.54% females, 52.13% perceives average health status, and the following fitness scores (One-Legged Stance: 2.67/3; Figure-of-8 run: 2.45/3; Shoulder-neck mobility: 4.58/5; Modified push-up: 2.05/4; Hand grip strength: 2.5/5; Jump and Reach: 2.82/4; Dynamic sit-up: 2.62/3; Six-minute walk test: 475.38 meters distance covered). Physical activity levels of HCWs are generally light (at least once a week). There were no significant differences in PA and HRF levels across cohorts. The results show significant inverse correlation between balance and shoulder-neck mobility and age.

Discussion: Physical activity levels of HCW on average did not meet the World Health Organization’s recommended PA levels. Healthcare professionals who are expected to be well aware of benefits of PA and HRF have shown low to mid-fit levels of grip strength, upper extremity endurance, core strength, and cardiorespiratory endurance.

Significance: Information on PA and HRF may aid in policy making on employee wellness such as appropriate workload and wellness facilities, which could highly impact health service delivery to the clients.
Same, same, but different - Binnendifferenzierung in der universitären Fremdsprachenlehre
Authors: Merten Christina
Published: March 2024

Auf den ersten Blick scheint an der Universität angesichts der überwiegend homogenen Gruppe an Lernenden kein spezifischer Bedarf für differenziertes Lehren und Lernen zu bestehen. Der Großteil der Studierenden gehört zu einer bestimmten Altersgruppe, was auf relativ deckungsgleiche Interessen, Lernerfahrungen und -ziele sowie ähnliches Vorwissen schließen lässt. Hinzu kommt, dass in den meisten universitären Sprachkursen zu Semesterbeginn Einstufungstests durchgeführt werden, sodass von einer homogenen Lerngruppe in Bezug auf das Sprachniveau auszugehen ist. Bei genauerer Betrachtung der Interessen, Bedürfnisse, (linguistischen) Hintergründe, des (sprachlichen) Vorwissens und der Sprachkenntnisse offenbaren sich jedoch mehr oder weniger deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Lernenden, weshalb Strategien zur Binnendifferenzierung auf allen Niveaustufen und in allen Fremdsprachen in der universitären Lehre angewandt werden sollten. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, dass der Einsatz von Methoden der Binnendifferenzierung im akademischen Fremdsprachenunterricht nicht nur zwingend notwendig ist, sondern auch entscheidend zur Förderung der Motivation von Lehrenden und Lernenden beitragen kann und Lernprozesse passgenauer sowie effizienter zu gestalten vermag.
Possible ways of the sustainable development concept realisation by logistics companies, the necessity of using «green» technologies for decarbonisation of their business activity
Authors: Marchenko Vladyslav , Bugayko Dmytro
Published: March 2024

Nowadays, more and more people are becoming seriously concerned about the problems of gradual environmental pollution and climate change. Over the past decades, they have become truly complex and global in scope. The long-term policy of ignoring these extremely important questions in the past has led to a staggering number of negative consequences that we are now seeing in all countries of the world. Today, it is no longer possible to continue to pretend that our activities have absolutely no impact on them. That is why, humanity is in constant search of new ideas that will be able to solve these problems, or at least slow down their pace. One of such, the most effective and promising examples was the creation of the extremely important concept of sustainable development. It has a very essential role in the spheres of logistics and management. Nowadays, all our activities in one way or another rely on them. In the global economy, the logistics sector is a major force that stimulates efficient trade and ensures the movement of goods. The logistics sphere works with a giant number of elements, various corporations, enterprises, companies, all possible transport vehicles and people. It connects them into a truly colossal in size and unified network. But it is always worth remembering that it has a huge impact on the above-mentioned problems. Currently, one of the key goals is to minimise the negative impact of logistics on the environment. That is why it is important to move this system in the direction of sustainable development, implementation of «green» initiatives, projects and technologies. In our time, the question of decarbonisation of logistics companies’ activities is really important and highly relevant, and therefore researchers should continue to monitor, study and analyse the prospects for the development of the logistics sector in this direction.
Exploring diverse maintenance and repair standards in the container industry: a comparative analysis of criteria and practices
Authors: Elmas Güldem , Altunlu Ozan
Published: March 2024

The maintenance and repair standards have always been a problem in the container industry. Due to different preferences of criterias of different parties caused many conflicts. This paper examines the different types of criterias and standards for general purpose containers, and different areas of use of these criterias.  The main reason of this paper is to be an explanatory element to define the differences of these criterias. The fundamental structural dimensional basis for an intermodal container is ISO container standards which defines the main structural features. Although it presents dimensional tolerances to a certain degree, it is nearly impossible to use these criterias for the operators and owners in day to day operations. As a result there have been various published maintenance and repair criterias, used by different parties partaking in the container industry. The different organizations and associations published standards suiting their own needs. Although there are lesser implemented criterias like Wind and Water Tight and Cargo Worth, the most known and most implemented criterias around the world are Unified Container Inspection and Repair Criteria, Common Interchange Criteria and IICL publications. While the Wind and Water Tight criteria is generally used for containers which are used as storage, the Cargo Worthy is used for the containers meet the minimum requirements for transport. The Unified Container Inspection Criteria is preferred by the shipping lines and operators, and the Common Interchange Criteria and IICL – 6 are preferred by lessors.
7 year of sacroiliac radiographic progression in early psoriatic arthritis (preliminary results)
Authors: Loginova E. Yu. , Tremaskina P. O. , Gubar E. E. , Korotaeva T. V. , Sukhinina A. V. , Glukhova S. I.
Published: March 2024

Objective – to assess the dynamics of the sacroiliac joint radiographic progression (X-SIJ) in early psoriatic arthritis (ePsA).Methods. 32 patients (pts) (19 men and 13 women) with PsA were examined at baseline (BL) and after 7 years. Mean age – 43.9±12 years, Me PsA duration – 7.5 [6; 8.25] years, follow-up – 7 [5.75; 7.83] years. All patients received standard treatment using biologic therapy in 59.4% of cases, mainly with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) inhibitors (43.7%). Radiographs of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) at BL and after 7 years were evaluated by an independent reader by Kellgren. Sacroiliitis (SI) on radiografhy (rSI) was recorded if there were changes in at least one SIJ grade II or higher. SI was considered radiologically significant (r-sSI) when it was bilateral grade II or higher, or unilateral grade III or IV. Progression was defined as the sift by ≥1 grade on any side.Results. At BL SI was not observed in 11 (34.3%) pts, SI grade I was present in 7 (21.9%) pts, grade II – in 10 (31.3%), grade III – in 4 (12.5%). After 7 years SI was not observed in 6 (18.75%) pts, SI grade I was present in 6 (18.75%) pts, grade II – in 8 (25%), grade III – in 8 (25%), grade IV – in 4 (12.5%). At BL rSI was registered in 14 (43.75%) patients, after 7 years the number of patients with rSI increased to 20 (62.5%). At BL and 7 years follow-up r-sSI was detected in 10 (31.3%) and 16 (50%) pts (p=0.128). On each side X-SIJ progression was detected in 15 (46.9%) pts (at 1 grade – in 10, 2 grades – in 1, 3 grades – in 4), 1 patient showed a decrease at 1 grade (from III to II).Conclusion. In ePsA radiographic progression of SI is slow. Dactylitis, high CRP, and lack of iTNF-α therapy are associated with radiographic progression.
Clinical and Etiological Findings of Viral Pneumonia: A Single Centre Prospective Study
Authors:   PG Resident, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical College, Ashwini Hospital, Cuttack, Prasad Nayak Ambika
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Viral pneumonia is a prominent cause of illness that can occur in all age group throughout the year. Worldwide about 200 million cases of viral community acquired pneumonia occur every year of which 50% cases in children and 50% in adults [1]. Bacterial coinfection found only in 3% of cases [2]. The aim of our study is to find out most common viral pathogen causing pneumonia, most common bacterial co-infection, their typical clinical presentation, common abnormal lab parameters, CT findings, duration of ICU and hospital stay. Materials and Methods: All cases with sign and symptoms of respiratory infections with confirmed diagnosis of viral pneumonia (confirmed by BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel from lower respiratory tract sample, confirmed by microscopy) were included in the study after proper consent. Demographic data, clinical history, laboratory investigations, all routine and radiological investigations are noted and evaluated. Results: Of the total 69 cases Influenza A virus (36%) is the predominant etiological agents followed by human rhinovirus (26%) in these cases. Human Rhinovirus predominate in the early part 2023 but towards end of this year Influenza A virus became the predominant cause for pneumonia. Patients of all age groups are affected but there is definitively a seasonal variation with more in the winter months. Most of the patients have typical respiratory findings like cough (83%) and fever (76%). CT scan showed bilateral ground glass opacity (56%) in most cases, and few had consolidation (29%) features. Blood CRP level (91%) was raised in most of these patients. Haemophilus Influenzae (34%) is the most common associated bacterial co-infection followed by Streptococcus Pneumoniae (26%). All patients responded well to conservative management. Conclusions: Viral pneumonia is not uncommon in the community. Though we found Influenza A followed by Human Rhinovirus are the two most common pathogens in these cases but only 59% of them have bacterial co-infection, so not all patients require antibiotics from the beginning. As most are infected with Haemophilus influenzae so aminopenicillin group is the antibiotics of choice for these patients. Hence as a pulmonologist we must be aware of these cases, their typical presentation and not to over treat these cases with high end antibiotics as most require only symptomatic treatment. Even though it is a single centre study, but it definitely throws a light on the pattern of viral pneumonia in our community
Analisis Percepatan Waktu Pada Proyek Pembangunan Sarana dan Prasarana SMA Negeri 1 Kalawat dengan Metode Crash Program
Authors: Wala Mycle Marcelino , Soukotta Dwars , Haryono Endah Pangestuti , Lonan Pendekar Trio , Wohos Williano Waraney
Published: March 2024

Tolak ukur keberhasilan proyek biasanya dilihat dari waktu keberhasilan yang singkat dengan biaya yang minimal tanpa meninggalkan mutu hasil perkerjaan. Oleh karena itu, dalam mengoptimasikan waktu dan biaya sangat perlu diperhatikan dalam perencanaan suatu proyek. Metode crash program merupakan salah satu cara yang bisa digunakan untuk mengoptimasi waktu dan biaya dalam suatu proyek. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode crashing. Crashing adalah proses pengujian, dengan dilakukannya percepatan pada kegiatan-kegiatan yang berada di jalur kritis suatu proyek. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh, pengujian yang dilakukan pada proyek pembangunan sarana dan prasarana SMA Negeri 1 Kalawat mengakibatkan bertambahnya biaya. Dari crashing diperoleh waktu penyelesaian 146 HK dengan total biaya proyek sebesar Rp. 2.562.129.862,36, sedangkan waktu penyelesaian normal 161 HK dengan total biaya proyek sebesar Rp. 2.535.364.551,60. Hasil crashing terjadi pereduksian waktu selama 15 HK dengan penambahan biaya total proyek sebesar Rp. 26.765.310,76.

 

Kata kunci: keterlambatan pekerjaan, percepatan, crashing
To Say or Not To Say: The Influence of Interpersonal Communication Message Structure on Child Nutrition Promotion
Authors: Tsuma Florence , Mberia Hellen , Muchunku Idah
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This study analyzed the influence of Interpersonal Communication (IPC) message structure in the promotion child nutrition. The study which was guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM) and employed the mixed methods research design.

Methodology: A sample of 10 Health Professionals (HPs) drawn from Public Healthcare facilities and 247 residents with children aged 5 years and below was drawn from Ganze Constituency in Kilifi County. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics while thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data.

Findings: The study found that incorporation of the 7Cs of effective communication was vital in Health Communication and Behaviour Change Communication specifically from a child nutrition perspective, with the strongest effect achieved through messages that were both concrete and coherent. Additionally, the ethos appeal proved to be the most powerful appeal in child nutrition communication.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that communicators should ensure child nutrition messages are packaged in line with the 7Cs of effective communication. It also recommends for audience analysis research prior to the dissemination of CNI messages to ensure messages are structured using the appropriate tone, stylistic devices and persuasion appeals.
Application of Fuzzy-Rough Approach in Tractor Selection
Authors: Puška Adis , Štilić Anđelka , Nedeljković Miroslav , Božanić Darko , Milić Aleksandar , Tešić Duško
Published: March 2024

The process of selecting a tractor exemplifies decision-making in a multi-criteria context. With the integration of the fuzzy-rough concept, this article employs a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making methodology. The fuzzy-rough approach is employed to facilitate decision-making with imprecise information, incorporating uncertainty while mitigating the subjectivity inherent in expert judgments. The Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights method is utilized to evaluate the importance of criteria influencing the evaluation of selected tractors. Subsequently, the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method is employed to identify the optimal tractor aligning with the specified criteria. Among the five observed tractors, the Solis S 26 exhibited the most favorable results. Sensitivity analysis and result validation support the validity of the results obtained. Result validation involves a comparison of fuzzy-rough SAW outcomes with alternative methods utilizing the fuzzy-rough approach, while the influence of criteria importance on the decision's final outcome was examined through sensitivity analysis. This paper contributes to comprehending the fuzzy-rough concept's applicability in multi-criteria decision-making. Demonstrated flexibility of the fuzzy-rough methodology suggests its potential for future research reliant on imprecise data, uncertainty incorporation, and subjectivity reduction in decision-making processes.
 
Received: 19 December 2023 | Revised: 19 January 2024 | Accepted: 9 February 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
Darko Božanić is an Editorial Board Member for Journal of Computational and Cognitive Engineering and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this paper. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this paper as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Adis Puška: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft. Anđelka Štilić: Conceptualization, Investigation, Resources, Visualization. Miroslav Nedeljković: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Visualization. Darko Božanić: Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Visualization, Supervision. Aleksandar Milić: Validation, Data curation, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Project administration. Duško Tešić: Methodology, Data curation, Writing – review & editing, Project administration.
Herpes simplex encephalitis initially presenting without fever or cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and with typical neuroimaging findings: a case report
Authors: Na Yoonjeong , Lee Jung-Ju , Kim Byung Kun , Lee Woong-Woo , Kim Yong Soo , Yoo Ilhan
Published: March 2024

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a common viral encephalitis that can be fatal if not adequately treated. Fever, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, and typical neuroimaging findings are commonly observed in HSE cases. We encountered a patient with HSE who did not exhibit these classic clinical features. A 63-year-old male presented with his first-ever seizure. Fever did not develop until the fourth day of admission, and neither neuroimaging nor CSF analysis revealed abnormalities. Under suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis, methylprednisolone was administered. Subsequently, when the patient developed fever, a follow-up neuroimaging study was performed and revealed abnormalities consistent with HSE. The patient was promptly treated with acyclovir, which led to a full recovery. Diagnosing HSE in patients who present without fever or CSF pleocytosis and with typical neuroimaging findings poses a challenge. Therefore, prior to initiating immunosuppressive treatment, it is crucial to closely observe patients and to conduct follow-up tests, including neuroimaging and CSF analysis.