bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiological Response of Thallasia hemprichii on Antrophogenic Pressure In Pari Island, Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta
Authors: Nugraha Aditya Hikmat , Bengen Dietriech G. , Kawaroe Mujizat
Published: October 2017

Seagrass ecosystem is one of tropical marine ecosystem and have important function. The function of ecosystem like a feeding and nursery ground for marine biota. Antrophogenic pressure is one of threat for seagrass ecosystem sustainability. This research study about effect antropogenic pressure for seagrass Thallasia hemprichii physiology response in some different location at Great Barrier Pari Island. The physiology response study cover growth, heavy metal bioaccumulation and histology analysis. The result shows that growth of leaf and rhizome Thalassia hemprichii have positif correlation with nutrient consentration in environment. The highest growth of leaf Thalassia hemprichii at 2nd station (4.16 mm.day-1) and the highest growth of rhizome Thalassia hemprichii at 4th station (1.3 mm.day-1). Seagrass can accumulation heavy metal from environment. The highest heavy metal accumulation is Pb. Not correlation between heavy metal consentration in seagrass with heavy metal concentration from environment. Analysis histology result that not damage seagrass tissue in all research station. Keyword : Bioacumulation,Growth,Physiology,Seagrass, Thalassia hemprichiiSeagrass ecosystems is one of the tropical marine ecosystems that have important functions, among others as a feeding and nursery ground for marine life. Anthropogenic stress is one of the threats that may inhibit the survival of seagrass ecosystems. This study examines the effects of anthropogenic pressures on physiological responses of seagrass Thalassia hemprichii at several different locations in Pari Islands. Physiological responses studied were leaves and rhizome growth, bioaccumulation of heavy metals and histological tissue analysis on seagrass. The results showed that the growth response of seagrass has a positive correlation with the nutrients in the environment. Seagrass leaf growth is highest at Station 2 (4.16 mm.day-1) and rhizome growth is highest at Station 4 (1.3 mm.day-1). Seagrass accumulate heavy metals from the environment and accumulation of heavy metals is highest on Pb. There is no correlation between the concentration of heavy metals in the seagrass and environment. The results of histological analysis showed that there was no damage to the tissue of seagrass leaf and rhizome. Keywords : Bio-acumulation, Growth, Physiology, Seagrass, Thalassia hemprichii
Glutathione (GSH) Production as Protective Adaptation Against Light Regime Radiation of Symbiodinium Natural Population
Authors: Muhaemin Moh , Soedharma Dedi , Madduppa Hawis H , Zamani Neviaty Putri
Published: October 2017

Glutathione (GSH), as a wide range of low molecular weight, which found in marine microalgae and event bacteria, are essential to prevent photooxidation and productivity loss from these Radical Oxigen Species (ROS). Symbiodinium, endo-symbiont of corals, were exposed with different UV radiation combined with irradiance treatments to explore biomass specific initial response. Intracellular glutahione was observed as potential adaptive response of Symbiodinium population under environmental specific stress. The result showed that GSH production increased significantly with increasing irradiance and/or UV levels. GSH concentration was fluctuated among populations exposed by different irradiance treatments, but not effected by UV and irradiance exposure. GSH production as a response of UV exposure was higher than irradiance treatments. Both these high correlative fluctuation of intracellular GSH production and the presence of both treatments indicated protective specific adaptation of Symbiodinium under specific environmental stress, respectively. Keywords: zooxanthellae, irradiance, glutathione (GSH), corals, Fungia
Pelapisan benih melon (Cucumis melo L.) dengan ekstrak kulit jeruk untuk mempertahankan mutu fisiologis benih selama penyimpanan
Authors: Anisa Nurul , Kusmiyati Florentina , Karno Karno
Published: October 2017

The objective of this research was to study the effectiveness of orange peel extract as seed coating to mantain physiological quality of melon seed during 12 weeks storage. This research was conducted in Laboratory of plant physiology and breeding UNDIP, from December 2016 to April 2017. The research was assigned in completely randomized factorial design with the first factor was the storage periode (0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks) and second factor was the seed coating (control, CMC 1,5 %, orange peel extract (0,5 %, 1,0 %, 1,5 %, 2,0 %)). Interaction of storage period and seed coating showed significant affect to seed moisture content, seed germination and dry weight of normal seedling. Seed coating with orange peel extract 1,5 % was able to keep moisture content for 4 weeks, seed germination for 12 weeks and dry weight of normal seedling for 8 weeks. Keyword: melon, orange peel extract, physiological quality, seed storage
Efektivitas pelapisan benih kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) menggunakan kombinasi jenis bahan pelapis dengan ekstrak biji selasih dan wadah simpan berbeda
Authors: Alamsyah Anggih Noor , Slamet Widyati , Kusmiyati Florentina
Published: October 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempertahankan kualitas viabilitas benih kelengkeng selama 30 hari penyimpanan dengan kombinasi jenis bahan pelapis yang ditambahkan ekstrak biji selasih dengan wadah simpan yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 4x3 dengan 4 kali ulangan, faktor pertama yaitu pengaruh pelapisan (T) dengan perlakuan T1 (kontrol), T2 (Arabic gum + ekstrak biji selasih), T3 (Alginat + ekstrak biji selasih), T4 (Carboxyl Methyl cellulose + ekstrak biji selasih). Faktor kedua wadah simpan (P) yaitu kertas buram coklat (P1), plastik poripropilen (P2), dan aluminium foil (P3). Parameter pengamatan berupa kadar air benih, daya kecambah, indeks vigor, dan potensi tumbuh maksimum. Data dianalisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan formulasi pelapisan CMC dengan ekstrak biji selasih pada wadah simpan alumunium foil dapat mempertahankan viabilitas benih kelengkeng selama penyimpanan yang paling baik dengan hasil kadar air benih kelengkeng pada perlakuan tersebut yaitu sebesar 47,68 %, daya berkecambah 83,75 %, indeks vigor benih 53,75 % dan potensi tumbuh maksimum yaitu sebesar 90 %.
Optimizing a Treadmill Ramp Protocol to Evaluate Aerobic Capacity of Hemiparetic Poststroke Patients
Authors: Bernardes Wendell L. , Montenegro Rafael A. , Monteiro Walace D. , de Almeida Freire Raul , Massaferri Renato , Farinatti Paulo
Published: October 2017

Bernardes, WL, Montenegro, RA, Monteiro, WD, de Almeida Freire, R, Massaferri, R, and Farinatti, P. Optimizing a treadmill ramp protocol to evaluate aerobic capacity of hemiparetic poststroke patients. J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 876–884, 2018—A correct assessment of cardiopulmonary capacity is important for aerobic training within motor rehabilitation of poststroke hemiparetic patients (PSHPs). However, specific cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for these patients are scarce. We proposed adaptations in a protocol originally developed for PSHPs by Ovando et al. (CPET1). We hypothesized that our adapted protocol (CPET2) would improve the original test, by preventing early fatigue and increasing patients' peak performance. Eleven PSHPs (52 ± 14 years, 10 men) performed both protocols. CPET2 integrated changes in final speed (100–120% vs. 140% maximal speed in 10-m walking test), treadmill inclination (final inclination of 5 vs. 10%), and estimated test duration (10 vs. 8 minutes) to smooth the rate of workload increment of CPET1. Peak oxygen uptake (V̇o
2peak) (20.3 ± 6.1 vs. 18.6 ± 5.0 ml·kg−1·min−1; p = 0.04), V̇o
2 at gas exchange transition (V̇o
2-GET) (11.5 ± 2.9 vs. 9.8 ± 2.0 ml·kg−1·min−1; p = 0.04), and time to exhaustion (10 ± 3 vs. 6 ± 2 minutes; p < 0.001) were higher in CPET2 than in CPET1. Slopes and intercepts of regressions describing relationships between V̇o
2 vs. workload, heart rate vs. workload, and V̇o
2 vs. heart rate were similar between CPETs. However, standard errors of estimates obtained for regressions between heart rate vs. workload (3.0 ± 1.3 vs. 3.8 ± 1.0 b·min−1; p = 0.004) and V̇o
2 vs. heart rate (6.0 ± 2.1 vs. 4.8 ± 2.4 ml·kg−1·min−1; p = 0.05) were lower in CPET2 than in CPET1. In conclusion, the present adaptations in Ovando's CPET protocol increased exercise tolerance of PSHPs, eliciting higher V̇o
2peak and V̇o
2-GET, preventing earlier fatigue, and providing better physiological relationships along submaximal workloads.
Optogenetic Inhibition Reveals Distinct Roles for Basolateral Amygdala Activity at Discrete Time Points during Risky Decision Making
Authors: Orsini Caitlin A. , Hernandez Caesar M. , Singhal Sarthak , Kelly Kyle B. , Frazier Charles J. , Bizon Jennifer L. , Setlow Barry
Published: October 2017

Decision making is a multifaceted process, consisting of several distinct phases that likely require different cognitive operations. Previous work showed that the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is a critical substrate for decision making involving risk of punishment; however, it is unclear how the BLA is recruited at different stages of the decision process. To this end, the current study used optogenetics to inhibit the BLA during specific task phases in a model of risky decision making (risky decision-making task) in which rats choose between a small, “safe” reward and a large reward accompanied by varying probabilities of footshock punishment. Male Long–Evans rats received intra-BLA microinjections of viral vectors carrying either halorhodopsin (eNpHR3.0-mCherry) or mCherry alone (control) followed by optic fiber implants and were trained in the risky decision-making task. Laser delivery during the task occurred during intertrial interval, deliberation, or reward outcome phases, the latter of which was further divided into the three possible outcomes (small, safe; large, unpunished; large, punished). Inhibition of the BLA selectively during the deliberation phase decreased choice of the large, risky outcome (decreased risky choice). In contrast, BLA inhibition selectively during delivery of the large, punished outcome increased risky choice. Inhibition had no effect during the other phases, nor did laser delivery affect performance in control rats. Collectively, these data indicate that the BLA can either inhibit or promote choice of risky options, depending on the phase of the decision process in which it is active.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTo date, most behavioral neuroscience research on neural mechanisms of decision making has used techniques that preclude assessment of distinct phases of the decision process. Here we show that optogenetic inhibition of the BLA has opposite effects on choice behavior in a rat model of risky decision making, depending on the phase in which inhibition occurs. BLA inhibition during a period of deliberation between small, safe and large, risky outcomes decreased risky choice. In contrast, BLA inhibition during receipt of the large, punished outcome increased risky choice. These findings highlight the importance of temporally targeted approaches to understand neural substrates underlying complex cognitive processes. More importantly, they reveal novel information about dynamic BLA modulation of risky choice.
Basolateral Amygdala Neurons Maintain Aversive Emotional Salience
Authors: Sengupta Auntora , Yau Joanna O.Y. , Jean-Richard-Dit-Bressel Philip , Liu Yu , Millan E. Zayra , Power John M. , McNally Gavan P.
Published: October 2017

BLA neurons serve a well-accepted role in fear conditioning and fear extinction. However, the specific learning processes related to their activity at different times during learning remain poorly understood. We addressed this using behavioral tasks isolating distinct aspects of fear learning in male rats. We show that brief optogenetic inhibition of BLA neurons around moments of aversive reinforcement or nonreinforcement causes reductions in the salience of conditioned stimuli, rendering these stimuli less able to be learned about and less able to control fear or safety behaviors. This salience reduction was stimulus-specific, long-lasting, and specific to learning about, or responding to, the same aversive outcome, precisely the goals of therapeutic interventions in human anxiety disorders. Our findings identify a core learning process disrupted by brief BLA optogenetic inhibition. They show that a primary function of the unconditioned stimulus-evoked activity of BLA neurons is to maintain the salience of conditioned stimuli that precede it. This maintenance of salience is a necessary precursor for these stimuli to gain and maintain control over fear and safety behavior.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe amygdala is essential for learning to fear and learning to reduce fear. However, the specific roles served by activity of different amygdala neurons at different times during learning is poorly understood. We used behavioral tasks isolating distinct aspects of learning in rats to show that brief optogenetic inhibition of BLA neurons around moments of reinforcement or nonreinforcement disrupts maintenance of conditioned stimulus salience. This causes a stimulus-specific and long-lasting deficit in the ability of the conditioned stimulus to be learned about or control fear responses. These consequences are the precisely goals of therapeutic interventions in human anxiety disorders. Our findings identify a core learning process disrupted by brief BLA optogenetic inhibition.
Using the “3Es” Method to Evaluate REDD+ Project in Nepal
Authors: Sherpa Doma Tshering
Published: October 2017

This case demonstrates the utility of the 3Es (effectiveness, efficiency, and equity) in examining Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) project in Nepal. REDD+ offers results-based payments for conserving and managing forests sustainably and enhancing forest carbon stocks. This will benefit communities’ efforts to conserve forest resources and prevent deforestation; conserving integrity of forests in turn benefits the global carbon budget. This case uses the 3Es to examine one case in Nepal of distributing the REDD+ funds among local participants. Of the 3Es, equity is getting attention worldwide but there is still debate on which principle of 3Es should be given priority to achieve overall effectiveness of REDD+. This case finds that equity is a fundamental requirement to achieve the other Es (efficiency and effectiveness) in REDD+ implementation. Further, I find that distributive equity is the most important and understood in three different ways in Nepal: rights, needs, and performance. There is an argument between communities and experts on which equity should be given priority. I recommend that the issue of needs based equity vs. performance-based equity should be solved by formation of guidelines of sharing benefits at two levels. First, the benefit distribution from international sources/markets to community forest user groups should be based on the ownership of carbon and performance of communities participating in REDD+. Second, at community level, communities should decide on the form of benefit distribution according to their needs. The primacy of equity in this case will likely find international echoes in other environmental policies and in other countries.
AR DESCARTES KLYDO? KELETAS NAUJŲ COGITO ARCHITEKTŪROS ASPEKTŲ
Authors: Yevarouski Valery
Published: October 2017

Straipsnyje aptariama smegenų, sąmonės ir aplinkos sąveikos traktuotė klasikinėje epistemologijoje, modernioje neurofilosofijoje ir neuromoksle bei lyginamuosiuose tyrimuose. Vartojant natūralaus dualizmo sąvoką aptariamas operacinis ar protopraksinis elgesio modelis, paremtas griežtu naudingų, žalingų ir neutralių gyvenimo fragmentų atskyrimu. Žmogiškosios būtybės aplinką sudaro ne tik gamta, bet ir kūnas bei gausybė pažinimo procesų. Kyla klausimas, kam tai galų gale naudinga, jei net mūsų vidinis pasaulis yra priderintas prie šių reikalavimų. Šiandien tai filosofinės reikšmės pripildytas konstruktas, kuris gali būti interpretuojamas kaip cogito. Psichiatrijos filosofija kaip alternatyvų atspirties tašką gali pasiūlyti minimalų arba neužprogramuotą cogito. Ši sistema gali būti praturtinta dar dviem elementais – afektyviu cogito ir atlygio centru. Tokiu būdu gaunama darni kategorinė struktūra, aprašanti psichiką ir jos išorinį veikimą ar praktiką.
DESCARTES ’O AR RYLE ’O MITAS ?
Authors: Saulius Tomas
Published: October 2017

Straipsnyje Ryle’o „Sąmonės samprata“ traktuojama kaip poleminis veikalas. Keliamas klausimas, kokiu pagrindu jame kritikuojama „intelektualinė tendencija“ yra siejama su istoriniu Descartes’u. Ginama tezė, kad „Descartes’o mitas“ – tai retorinė konstrukcija, neatspindinti svarbių Descartes’o dualizmo aspektų. Daromos dvi išvados. Pirma, neduodamas aiškių analizės kriterijų, Ryle’as mėgina suteikti savo veikalui sistemiškumo pobūdį būtent retorinėmis priemonėmis. Antra, „Meditacijų“ ir „Descartes’o mito“ kontrastai atskleidžia, kad santykis su filosofine tradicija nėra Ryle’o pakankamai reflektuotas.
NUOBODULYS IR PRIEVARTA: ANTONIONI „FOTOPADIDINIMO“ ATVEJIS
Authors: Milerius Nerijus
Published: October 2017

Tęsiant kinematografinės prievartos tyrinėjimus, straipsnyje nagrinėjamas vienas ryškiausių kino istorijoje metakino pavyzdžių – Michelangelo Antonioni „Fotopadidinimas“ („Blow up“). Pirma, atskleidžiant, kokiu būdu „Fotopadidinimas“ aprėpia ne vien fotografijos istorijos, bet ir pamatinius ontologijos klausimus, sugrįžtama ne vien prie vieno iš fotografijos pradininkų F. Talboto, bet ir prie filosofijos klasiko Platono nuostatų. Antra, pasitelkiant R. Barthes’o nuostatas, tyrinėjami mados fotografijos filosofiniai aspektai. Trečia, siekiant išryškinti bendrą „Fotopadidinimo“ kontekstą, aptariama J. Bergerio ir D. McCullino kontroversija karo arba agonijos fotografijos klausimu. Straipsnyje atskleidžiama Antonioni strategija fiksuoti prievartą (žmogžudystę) ne tiesiogiai, bet kaip sociume vyraujančios monotonijos įveikos simptomą ar galimybę. Argumentuojama, kad tokia prieiga leidžia Antonioni išvengti prievartos statuso hipostazavimo, būdingo profetiniams meninės prievartos manifestams.
Tocilizumab for the Treatment of SLC29A3 Mutation Positive PHID Syndrome
Authors: Rafiq Nadia K. , Hussain Khalid , Brogan Paul A.
Published: October 2017

Pigmentary hypertrichosis and non-autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (PHID) is associated with recessive mutations in SLC29A3, encoding the equilibrative nucleoside transporter hENT3 expressed in mitochondria, causing PHID and H syndromes, familial Rosai-Dorfman disease, and histiocytosis-lymphadenopathy-plus syndrome. Autoinflammation is increasingly recognized in these syndromes. We previously reported a 16-year-old girl with PHID syndrome associated with severe autoinflammation that was recalcitrant to interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α blockade. Tocilizumab is a humanized, monoclonal, anti-human interleukin-6 receptor antibody routinely used to treat arthritis in children and adults. Herein we report the first case of successful treatment of PHID syndrome using tocilizumab. Before commencing tocilizumab, there was evidence of significant systemic inflammation, and progressive sclerodermatous changes (physician global assessment [PGA] 7/10). Twelve weeks after starting tocilizumab (8 mg/kg every 2 weeks, intravenously) systemic inflammatory symptoms improved, and acute phase response markers normalized; serum amyloid A reduced from 178 to 8.4 mg/L. After a dose increase to 12 mg/kg every 2 weeks her energy levels, appetite, fevers, and night sweats further improved. Less skin tightness (PGA 5/10) was documented 12 months later. This excellent clinical and serological response was sustained over 48 months, and cutaneous sclerosis had improved further (PGA 3/10). Her height remained well below the 0.4th centile, and tocilizumab also had no impact on her diabetes or exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Although the mechanism of autoinflammation of PHID remains uncertain, we suggest that tocilizumab should be the first choice when considering treatment of the autoinflammatory or cutaneous manifestations of this genetic disease.
Effect of ultrasonication on microbial quality, colour, and ascorbic acid content of passion-fruit juice during storage
Authors: Gómez-López V.M. , Buitrago M.E. , Tapia M.S. , Martínez-Yépez A.
Published: October 2017

Passion fruit juice (PFJ) has a delicate flavour, very susceptible to thermal degradation. This study pursued to test the effect of sonication as non-thermal preservation method on some quality parameters of PFJ. The effect of ultrasound (20 kHz, 263 W, 89.25 μm) on the indigenous microflora, colour, pH, and ascorbic acid content of PFJ was studied. Firstly, the kinetic of microbial inactivation was determined for aerobic mesophilic bacteria and yeasts. Data was fitted to Weibull model, and a treatment time of 8 min was selected for stability studies. To this, untreated and sonicated juice was stored at 4 and 10 ºC up to 10 days and microbial quality, instrumental colour, pH, and ascorbic acid content were evaluated. In general, ultrasound kept juice microbiologically stable for up to 10 days at 4 ºC without markedly affecting other parameters evaluated. Ultrasound seems suitable to stabilize PFJ microbiologically.
Colonization ability of Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes in the endosphere of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum var. grossum)
Authors: Füstös Z. , Belák Á. , Maráz A.
Published: October 2017

Fruits and vegetables can be transmission vehicles of human opportunistic and obligate pathogenic bacteria, persisting in inner tissues for shorter or longer periods or colonizing the plants as facultative endophytes. In this study we investigated the ability of commensal E. coli and pathogenic L. monocytogenes strains to internalize sweet pepper seedlings via seed bacterization, as germinating seeds and roots are important infiltration sites for entry of enteric bacteria. By combining cultivation dependent and independent (PCR and FISH-CLSM) techniques we could not detect stably or transiently colonized inoculated bacteria in 6–7 weeks old pepper seedlings, suggesting that there is low risk associated with internalized enteric or human pathogenic bacteria via germinating seeds in sweet pepper.
The effect of using different starter culture combinations on organic and fatty acid compositions of Mihaliç cheese
Authors: Özer E. , Kesenkaş H.
Published: October 2017

The objective of this study was to assess the influence of three different starter culture combinations and two scalding temperatures on the organic and fatty acid compositions of pasteurized Mihaliç cheeses. For this purpose, starter culture combinations consisting of Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus helveticus, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris were used. Two scalding temperatures, 40 °C or 45 °C, were used for cheeses with the same culture combination. Samples were evaluated in terms of organic and fatty acid compositions during 90 days of ripening. Eye formation, which is a characteristic feature of Mihaliç cheese, was seen in all cheese samples. Propionic and lactic acids were the most abundant organic acids detected in the cheeses. The most abundant saturated fatty acid was palmitic acid, followed by myristic and stearic acids. Oleic acid content was the highest among total unsaturated fatty acids. The control cheese had lower levels of short-chain fatty acids, which contribute directly to the cheese flavour.
Fatty acid profile and cholesterol content of Ghezel sheep milk during lactation period
Authors: Alizadeh A. , Ehsani M.R. , Rofehgarinejad L.
Published: October 2017

The chemical composition, fatty acid profile, and cholesterol content of milk fat were analysed during the lactation period of thirty Iranian Ghezel sheep. They were fed dry hay for the first three months and then grazed on fresh grass to the end of lactation, along with barley and wheat middling during the whole period. Fatty acid profile analysis showed palmitic acid to be the dominant fatty acid (45.24±1.88%). During lactation C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, and C14:0 contents decreased, while C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, and CLA increased significantly, which can be associated with the change of nutrition from hay to fresh grazing. The cholesterol content of the sheep milk reached 14.88 mg/100 ml milk or 283.43 mg/100 g fat as an average for the whole period of milking. Regression analysis showed a significant increase in cholesterol from 5.42 to 32.87 mg/100 g milk during the lactation period.
Development and validation of the Parents’ Perceived Self-Efficacy to Manage Children’s Internet Use Scale for parents of adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Hsieh Yi-Ping , Chou Wen-Jiun , Wang Peng-Wei , Yen Cheng-Fang
Published: October 2017

Background and aims

This study developed and validated the Parents’ Perceived Self-Efficacy to Manage Children’s Internet Use Scale (PSMIS) in the parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods

In total, 231 parents of children with ADHD were invited to complete the PSMIS, followed by the Chen Internet Addiction Scale and the short version of Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, Version IV Scale – Chinese version for analyzing Internet addiction severity and ADHD symptoms, respectively.

Results

The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the four-factor structure of the 18-item PSMIS. The significant difference in the levels of parents’ perceived self-efficacy between the parents of children with and without Internet addiction supported the criterion-related validity of the PSMIS. The internal consistency and 1-month test–retest reliability were acceptable.

Conclusion

The results indicate that the PSMIS has acceptable validity and reliability and can be used for measuring parents’ perceived self-efficacy to manage children’s Internet use among parents of children with ADHD.
A comparative study of medical students’ satisfaction towards learning between standardized patient and regular general patient treatment in the instruction provided at the Otolaryngology Outpatient Clinic, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine
Authors: Bourchom Watcharaporn , Ratanathummawat Suthee , Jaruchinda Pariyanan , Kantiwong Anupong , Muangthong Greetha
Published: October 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Background: Currently, the instruction of 4th year medical students involves learning from general patients who walk in to OPD ENT but is limited by the number of patients. Therefore, a concept was created to study volunteers or standardized patients and assess the medical students' satisfaction level. Both methods comprised differing advantages and disadvantages without any previous study. Summary of work : The patients were divided in 2 groups; a general patient group and a standardized patient group regarding 12 diseases which were made by appointment. The standardized patients were without urgent conditions and approved as volunteers using circular appointment such as allergic rhinitis, nasal polyp etc. The medical students had to complete history taking and physical examination in both groups during alterative weeks under the medical instructors' control then evaluate satisfaction levels by completing a validated questionnaire and using focus group interviews. Summary of results and discussion: The medical students' satisfaction levels showed significant difference regarding standardized patients compared with regular general patients. Moreover, they were satisfied concerning the variety of diseases, that the patients could answer questions regarding their symptoms, could actively participate and were willing to be volunteers for the medical students. Questions involving motivational reinforcement for learning revealed no significant differences. The reason might be that the students had received sufficient knowledge from their classes. The focus group interviews indicated that some disease effects could not be observed at the appointment time, for instance, vertigo and sinusitis. However, the advantage was that the patients concurred admirably, described their histories clearly and complied with follow-up. Conclusion: The medical students had higher satisfaction levels with standardized patient learning than regularly general patient learning and preferred to experience a diversity of diseases. In addition, patients willingly concurred with the medical students' instructions. Take-home messages: Standardized patients are a proven benefit for medical students but without quantitative validation.
LA NUEVA MISIÓN DE LA UNIVERSIDAD. CONTEXTUALIZACIÓN Y RESULTADOS: CASOS DE TRES UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS COLOMBIANASLA NUEVA MISIÓN DE LA UNIVERSIDAD. CONTEXTUALIZACIÓN Y RESULTADOS: CASOS DE TRES UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS COLOMBIANAS-The new mission of...
Authors: Osorno Alzate Diana Milena , Benítez Góez Ángela María
Published: October 2017

Este artículo tiene como objetivo evidenciar la evolución en las funciones misionales de la universidad, las cuales han evolucionado del rol tradicional de la docencia hacia la investigación y la innovación, con fines de transferencia del conocimiento y en algunos casos, de creación de empresas universitarias, como spin off. Además, presenta los factores que han permitido lograr cambios en las funciones misionales de tres instituciones académicas colombianas públicas: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Universidad de Antioquia y Universidad del Valle. La información presentada es el resultado de la búsqueda, organización, recopilación y análisis de material bibliográfico, por medio de bases de datos nacionales e internacionales, sitios web de instituciones universitarias, gubernamentales y centros de innovación y negocios. Al final se concluye que las universidades en el mundo y en Colombia están evolucionando para responder a los nuevos retos mundiales de carácter económico, educativo y cultural; y aunque las instituciones académicas colombianas no sobresalen en el contexto latinoamericano e internacional, sí vienen generando nuevas dinámicas que han traído consigo la gestión de patentes y el establecimiento de empresas spin off.
Fuzzy logic for estimating chloride diffusion in concrete
Authors: Mazer Wellington , Lima Maryangela G. , Medeiros-Junior Ronaldo A.
Published: October 2017

Chlorides are the agents responsible for starting the process of corrosion of steel reinforcement, thus reducing the service life of concrete structures, especially in marine environments. The penetration of chloride ions depends on several factors linked to the nature of the concrete cover and the exposure environment. The diffusion coefficient may establish the depth of chloride penetration in concrete in a given time and therefore this coefficient is related directly to the service life of reinforced concrete structures. This paper presents a methodology for determining the chloride diffusion coefficient using a mathematical model based on fuzzy logic. The following parameters were considered in the modelling: water/cement ratio, concrete compressive strength and the temperature during mixing of the concrete. The results show the feasibility of using fuzzy logic for the development of models to estimate the chloride diffusion coefficient in concrete.
Resource Support for Educational Organizations in the Implementation Of Inclusive Education (the Experience of the Educational Organizations of the New Moscow District)
Authors: Samsonova E.V. , Gorbunova V.
Published: October 2017

The article presents data of applied social and psychological research of resourcing inclusive practices in an educational organization. The theoretical part defines methodological grounds for facilitating specialized educational environment to students with physical limitations. It offers an analysis of characteristics of necessary recourses. Various international networking models of inclusive education are discussed. The empirical part is dedicated to a study facilitating specialized educational environments to students with disabilities as a managerial resource in the context implementation of the inclusive practices. It describes the details of activities carried out by the members of the network and concludes that such a multi-component model can be applied to facilitate specialized educational conditions for students with disabilities. Summarized the results of the event, held on the basis of educational organizations of the Troitsk and Novomoskovsk administrative districts. The results of this study can be relevant for the inclusive education system in Russia because of the significance of the resource deficit problem in educational organizations at the current stage of development of the Russian education system.
Joint Study of Fiction Books and Movies as a Method of Psycho-correctional work in ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder)
Authors: Kostin I.
Published: October 2017

Technique of joint reading and discussion of fiction books and movies as a method of psycho-correctional therapy with autistic children of school age and young people is presented. Cognitive, emotional-volitional sphere deficits strongly impede the reading by autistic people on their own and productive mastering by them of the literature course at school age. In order to the work leave a mark in the soul of an autistic person, enrich his ideas about the world of people and about himself , it is necessary to learn a book slowly and to return to it on different occasions and in different contexts. The ways of aid an autistic person in connecting the work content and his own life experience and emotional impressions, in developing possibilities of an empathy, in remembering the content and using it later are described. Then, a matter of choosing appropriate books and films for such a job is discussed. The article describes techniques that help an autistic person to connect the content of a work with his own emotional experience and life experiences. Also it describes abilities which develop the empathy to the characters of a work, the memorization of the work's plot and the actualization of information about a work in the future.
principio de selección objetiva en la licitación pública: Análisis desde la etapa precontractual.
Authors: Nieves-López José Gabriel
Published: October 2017

El presente artículo pretende analizar desde la etapa precontractual de la licitación pública las principales dificultades que se tornan al momento de la materialización del principio de selección objetiva al momento de la escogencia de los proponentes. Esta investigación de carácter sociojurídico, tiene un enfoque cualitativo, es de tipo exploratoria-descriptiva, en la cual, a través de la utilización de técnicas de recolección, revisión y análisis de fuentes secundarias de carácter documental, desde el ámbito normativo y jurisprudencial, se pretende dar respuesta a los objetivos inicialmente planteados en la investigación.
¿La nueva tecnología en el sector transporte obstaculiza o fortalece el servicio público?
Authors: Botero Sánchez María Edilia , Alegría Paredes Diana Paola
Published: October 2017

María Edilia Botero Sánchez y Diana Paola Alegría Paredes.

 

Resumen: El presente artículo de investigación analiza las consecuencias jurídicas, sociales y económicas generadas por la falta de regulación del Estado en materia de tecnología implementada para la prestación de servicio de transporte público.

 

Para tal efecto se realiza estudios referentes a las fortalezas y/o los obstáculos que se presentan en los nuevos desarrollos tecnológicos y como estos cambios no contemplados dentro del contexto global se han convertido en un problema social que ni el mismo Estado ha podido solucionar debido a los grandes vacíos jurídicos existentes.

 

Por esta razón, realizados los análisis pertinentes se presentan una serie de propuestas en aras de ayudar a la mitigación de los aspectos negativos generados por la auto regulación.
¿Puede el nombre de una compañía de comercio ser registrado como signo distintivo? Análisis del marco jurídico en Ecuador
Authors: Núñez Grijalva Jorge
Published: October 2017

Es frecuente que, a partir de su constitución jurídica, una compañía de comercio utilice su nombre como un identificador para sus diversas actividades; con el paso del tiempo, la misma compañía podría necesitar registrar este nombre, otorgado mediante el Derecho Societario, como un signo distintivo (marca de producto / servicio o nombre comercial), el cual se otorga mediante la aplicación del Derecho de Propiedad Industrial.

En ocasiones, esta segunda iniciativa de la compañía puede verse dificultada por la existencia de signos previamente registrados, similares al solicitado por la compañía; o tal vez, porque el organismo de Estado encargado de este registro de propiedad industrial, observe que el pretendido

signo carezca de distintividad, o quizá, consista en una palabra o expresión de uso común en un determinado territorio.

El presente estudio analiza el problema, con énfasis en el marco jurídico de Ecuador, desde los ángulos doctrinario, normativo y jurisprudencial, buscando sugerir posibles vías jurídicas de solución a esta frecuente problemática empresarial.
Teoría del derecho, neoconstitucionalismo y derechos diferenciados
Authors: Llano Franco Jairo Vladimir
Published: October 2017

En las últimas décadas la ciencia jurídica y la disciplina del derecho se han fortalecido, precisamente

por la amplia producción académica, investigaciones que incluyen trabajo de campo, aparición de múltiples teorías del derecho, discusiones epistemológicas, deliberaciones metodológicas, entre otras posibilidades que amplían el campo jurídico, precisamente, en el presente artículo se reflexionara sobre las teorías del derecho que han impactado tanto la ciencia jurídica como el derecho constitucional en el siglo XX, hasta las primeras décadas del XXI, iniciando con las posiciones de Kelsen y Hart, para pasar a referenciar las corrientes protagonistas de la

transformación constitucional como el Neo-constitucionalismo y el Nuevo Constitucionalismo Latinoamericano y sus efectos en la región, para exponer problemas de carácter interdisciplinario y que caracterizan la ciencia jurídica contemporánea como el pluralismo jurídico, la globalización y particularmente el reconocimiento de los derechos diferenciados en contextos

como América Latina en términos generales y en Colombia de forma específica.
Democracia y mecanismos de participación ciudadana: Retos de la política en la era de la información y el intervencionismo mediático
Authors: Barragán Ronderos Daniel Alfonso , Torres Vásquez Henry , Caicedo Fraide Eder Maylor
Published: October 2017

El presente artículo tiene por objeto desarrollar un análisis desde la política de la intervención que generan los medios masivos de comunicación en el desarrollo de los mecanismos de participación ciudadana y de la democracia a nivel mundial, estableciendo un estudio específico del resultado del plebiscito por la paz en Colombia, la consulta popular en Reino Unido que generó el BREXIT en la Unión Europea y la reciente elección del presidente Donald Trump en los Estados Unidos.

En común, se observa un giro a la derecha en materia política y la tesis que se maneja es que los medios masivos de comunicación generaron una intervención en las mentalidades políticas de los ciudadanos, haciendo que su participación democrática determinará unos resultados, que, en principio, eran poco esperados y que significan un desacierto de los análisis políticos que determinaban la dirección contraria.

En definitiva, la apuesta del presente artículo es demostrar como la desinformación, la tergiversación

y las tendencias conservadoras de la población, produjeron resultados inesperados, afectando la visión del mundo sobre el desarrollo de la democracia y el retroceso hacia la credibilidad del sistema político.
Colombia: Del Estado social a la esquizofrenia constitucional
Authors: Arias Duque Juan Carlos
Published: October 2017

La situación colombiana condujo a nuestro constitucionalismo a que llegara al Estado social a partir de 1991, cuando las doctrinas del Consenso de Washington, formuladas desde 1989 imponían su desmonte, en desarrollo de las cuales terminamos envueltos en una incoherencia de proporciones catastróficas para los ciudadanos a los que el Estado social destinaba toda su protección: a los de menos oportunidades para sobrevivir.
La realización de un hecho típico o del hecho positivo justificado no implica la infracción de la norma de determinación
Authors: Molina Galindo Leonardo Mauricio
Published: October 2017

La doctrina dominante considera que la realización de un hecho típico amparado por una causal de justificación debe considerarse prohibido a pesar de la permisión del justificante, esta concepción pretende evitar considerar que el hecho típico representa un mal que quiere prohibir el derecho debido a la lesión que produce. No es esta la decisión dogmática correcta, debe entenderse que el hecho típico justificado no es prohibido y permitido al mismo tiempo por el derecho penal, puesto que la realización del hecho típico o del hecho positivo -según la teoría de los elementos negativos del tipo- afirma la desvaloración propia contenida en la norma imperativa o de determinación, pero aún no es posible considerar infringida la norma de determinación. Para establecer esta solución sistemática es necesario diferenciar entre ley y norma jurídico-penal, y afirmar que la naturaleza de las normas jurídico-penales son siempre imperativas, aunque presuponen la desvaloración de la prohibición contenida en la norma que está implícita en la ley, pero no por ello suponen la existencia de otra norma de naturaleza valorativa.
La reforma del Código Civil Francés. Un premio al cambio estructural de los principios de derecho privado del Código Napoleónico
Authors: Tabares Cortés Felipe
Published: October 2017

El ejecutivo francés expidió la Ordenanza n° 2016-131 de 10 de febrero de 2016 que reforma el derecho de los contratos y del régimen y de la prueba de las obligaciones. En el presente artículo buscamos describir los principales ejes de la reforma al Código Civil Francés del año 2016.
Omics biomarkers and early diagnostics
Authors: Moshkovskii S.A.
Published: October 2017

One of main goals for omics sciences, such as transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, in medicine is biomarker discovery for diagnostics of common non-infectious diseases. The opinion paper discusses diagnostic parameters, which limit the use of the biomarkers, as well as a positive predictive value, and conditions providing possible application of the biomarkers for early diagnostics. Using some examples from proteomics, it is stated that omics technologies, which measure gene expression products, are more often used to discover prognostic and predictive biomarkers. These biomarkers help to classify already diagnosed patients to groups with different disease management.
Metabolomic profiling in culture media of day-5 human embryos
Authors: Zorina I.M. , Eldarov C.M. , Yarigina S.A. , Makarova N.P. , Trofimov D.Yu. , Smolnikova V.Yu. , Kalinina E.A. , Bobrov M.Yu.
Published: October 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the changes of metabolomic profiles in embryonic culture media (ECM) for the evaluation of quality and implantation potential of human embryos. ECM (n=163) were collected on day 5 before transfer or cryopreservation. Some embryos were used in preimplantation genetic screening for detection of aneuploidy karyotypes. Samples were subdivided into groups according to embryo morphological classification (by Gardner), genetic analysis and implantation data. ECM were extracted with methanol, precipitates were separated by centrifugation and metabolite production of individual embryo was analysed by LC-MS (the positive ion mode). After peak detection and retention time alignment, data were analysed using the PCA algorithm. MS fingerprinting analysis of embryo culture medium showed significant differences between morphologically divided groups. Intragroup comparisons did not reveal differences between subclasses. Genetic screening of embryos revealed 33 aneuploid karyotypes. It was shown that chromosome number did not affect the metabolite profiles comparing with the normal group. The culture media of embryos that were positive or negative for successful implantation showed specific signatures that allowed to distinguish embryos with different outcomes.The characterization of ECMs by LC-MS may facilitate more accurate selection of the best embryo for the implantation, improving single-embryo transfer and thus eliminating the risk and undesirable effects of multiple pregnancies.
Application of molecular descriptors for recognition of phosphorylation sites in amino acid sequences
Authors: Karasev D.A. , Savosina P.I. , Sobolev B.N. , Filimonov D.A. , Lagunin A.A.
Published: October 2017

Recognition of the phosphorylation sites in proteins is required for reconstruction of regulatory processes in living systems. This task is complicated because the phosphorylation motifs in amino acid sequences are considerably degenerated. To improve the prediction efficacy researchers often use additional descriptors, which should reflect physicochemical features of site-surrounding regions. We have evaluated the reasonability of this approach by applying molecular descriptors (MNA) for structural presentation of the peptide segments. Comparative testing was performed using the prognostic method PASS and two input data types: sets of the MNA descriptors represented peptides as chemical structures and amino acid sequences written using a one-letter code. Training sets were classified in accordance with the established types of the enzymes (protein kinases), modifying corresponding phosphorylation sites. The accuracy estimates obtained by prognosis validation for various classes of substrates were significantly different with both the letters and molecular descriptors. In case of the letter description, the prognosis accuracy demonstrated less dependence on the length of peptides in the training set, while in the case of structural descriptors the accuracy level was determined by the peptide size and descriptor characteristics (MNA levels). The maximal prognosis accuracy related to various kinase families was achieved at different sizes of molecular fragments covered by the MNA descriptors of corresponding levels. This obviously reflected structural differences in surroundings of phosphorylation sites modified by various protein kinases. The use of molecular descriptors provided the prognostic results comparable with the results obtained using traditional letter representation. The prognosis accuracy demonstrated less dependence on the method describing site-surrounding peptides at higher accuracy rates. Applying the MNA descriptors it is possible to achieve better accuracy in the cases when the letter description cannot provide acceptable accuracy.