bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SIZZEL & SAGE
Authors: Ambarkar MR. Siddhant
Published: June 2024

Abstract– “Sizzel and Sagge” restaurant is a culinary venture that aims to redefine the dining experience through a fusion of tradition and innovation. Located in [insert location], our establishment offers a diverse menu that reflects a blend of local flavors and international influences. From classic comfort foods to inventive creations, our kitchen strives to cater to a wide range of tastes and preferences.Beyond the culinary offerings, “Sizzel and Sagge” prides itself on creating a welcoming and vibrant atmosphere where patrons can gather, socialize, and create lasting memories. Our commitment to exceptional service ensures that every guest feels valued and cared for, enhancing their overall dining experience.With a focus on quality ingredients, creative cuisine, and exceptional hospitality, “Sizzel and Sagge” aspires to become a beloved culinary destination for the community, where food enthusiasts can indulge their senses and embark on a gastronomic adventure like no other. Index term:- User -friendly website and Online Transaction System.
Improving Education in Programming via Interactive E-Learning Ecosystems
Authors: Chikate Mr. Prathmesh
Published: June 2024

Abstract – The proposed e-learning platform is a comprehensive, adaptive, and user-centric online education solution designed to cater to diverse learning needs across various age groups and disciplines. Leveraging advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data analytics, the platform provides personalized learning experiences, ensuring optimal engagement and knowledge retention. Key features include interactive multimedia content, real-time assessments, collaborative tools, and gamification elements that enhance motivation and participation. The platform also supports seamless integration with existing educational infrastructures and offers robust analytics for educators to track progress and tailor instruction effectively. By bridging the gap between traditional and digital education, this e-learning platform aims to democratize access to quality education, fostering continuous learning and skill development in an ever-evolving global landscape. Index Term – Virtual transaction, Transaction, Security system, computerization.
CRAZE FOR CODE
Authors: Mohare Ashwini
Published: June 2024

Abstract– Online education has seen remarkable growth over the past decade, with a myriad of platforms emerging to cater to various learning needs. CRAZE FOR CODE online educational websites are a subset of this phenomenon, focusing specifically on offering courses and resources to enhance skill development across diverse domains .CRAZE FOR CODE is an educational platform that offers advanced engineering courses specifically designed to bridge the gap between traditional academia and industry requirements. The platform focuses on providing practical, job oriented training in various fields of engineering, Courses on Learn Sphare crafted in collaboration with industry experts and include real-world projects, simulations, and tools that engineers use in their daily professional activities.The primary goal of CRAZE FOR CODE is to equip engineering graduates with the necessary skills to secure and excel in high-tech jobs. This is achieved through a curriculum that emphasizes practical knowledge and application rather than theoretical concepts alone. CRAZE FOR CODE also offers personalized mentorship from professionals, helping students understand industry expectations and preparing them for future challenges. By providing accessible and inclusive education, CRAZE FOR CODE has the potential to create a significant positive impact. It can increase access to quality education for underserved communities, cater to diverse learning styles, and bridge the digital divide. This project holds promise for empowering learners and transforming the educational landscape. Index Term – learning platform ,courses, html,css,php
REAL ESTATE LEAD TRACKER & PLOT BOOKING SOFTWARE
Authors: Sathawane Raj
Published: June 2024

Abstract – The Real Estate Lead Tracker & Plot Booking Software represents a transformative tool aimed at revolutionizing real estate operations by integrating innovative technologies to streamline lead management and plot booking processes. This research paper presents a comprehensive overview of the software, outlining its functionalities, features, and impact on the real estate industry. The scope of experiments encompasses the design, development, implementation, and evaluation of the software across various real estate agencies and developers. Significant data include user feedback, performance metrics, and market analysis, which provide insights into the software’s effectiveness in enhancing sales efficiency, customer engagement, and operational productivity. Major findings indicate that the software has led to significant improvements in lead conversion rates, customer satisfaction levels, and overall sales performance. The conclusions drawn from the research underscore the transformative potential of the Real Estate Lead Tracker & Plot Booking Software in driving innovation and efficiency in the real estate industry, paving the way for enhanced customer experiences and increased business success. Keywords:– Real Estate, Lead Management , Plot Booking, Image classification, CRM
MAINLINE EDUCATION ORGANIZATION: AN ANALYSIS OF ITS IMPACT ON STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kondhekar Vaibhav P.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT : Mainline education organizations play a pivotal role in shaping student outcomes and personal growth. These institutions serve as a cornerstone in predicting and enhancing student performance and behavior within the educational system. By assessing and recognizing the diverse learning and developmental needs of college students, educational organizations can validate and support students’ self-reported gains and achievements throughout their academic journey . For instance, a study focusing on the association between academic performance and personal growth and identity among undergraduate dental students highlights the importance of understanding how these factors intertwine to influence student success . Mainline educational institutions prioritize preparing students for the dynamic challenges of the modern world by emphasizing academic excellence and holistic development . Similarly, the Mainline is dedicated to fostering an exceptional scholastic environment that surpasses traditional academic standards, nurturing students to reach their full potential academically and personally . Through their commitment to academic rigor, personal development, and fostering a supportive learning environment, mainline education organizations have a profound impact on student academic performance and holistic growth. The innovative educational project Mainline Academy seeks to transform STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics).Through implementing innovative techniques and real-world applications into the curriculum for instruction in mathematics. This document describes the Mainline Academy’s conceptual framework, implementation strategies, and initial results, emphasizing the program’s capacity to foster in pupils a creative mindset, problem-solving abilities, and teamwork. Using project-based learning and active learning as guiding concepts, Mainline Academy provides a comprehensive education that equips students to succeed in the changing 21st-century environment . KEYWORDS – STEM education, interdisciplinary learning, project-based instruction, active learning, innovation
ENHANCING SCHOOL HEALTH: A STUDY OF NURSING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Maske Shruti
Published: June 2024

Abstract: In the contemporary educational landscape, the role of school nurses is pivotal in ensuring the health and well-being of students. With the increasing complexity of health issues faced by students, there arises a need for efficient management systems to support school nurses in delivering timely and effective healthcare services. The School Nursing Management System (SNMS) is designed to address this need by providing a comprehensive platform for managing student health records, facilitating communication between healthcare providers, educators, and parents, and promoting proactive health management practices within the school environment. Index Terms – Web-Based Application, Health Records, Healthcare Services, MERN Stack.
ONLINE ASSESSMENT AND REPORT CARD FOR SCHOOL
Authors: Sarode Mr. Devanshu
Published: June 2024

Abstract : The In the digital age, learning experiences and productivity must be improved by the integration of technology into the classroom. This abstract offers a novel approach that seeks to use an internet platform to revolutionize the way schools now conduct assessments and report cards. Traditional paper-based surveys can be seamlessly converted to a dynamic, interactive online survey environment with our suggested framework. Numerous features are included in it, such as real-time feedback methods, automated grading, and configurable assessment templates. Moreover, the platform facilitates teachers in monitoring students’ advancement and pinpointing areas that require enhancement by means of comprehensive evaluations and performance metric Additionally, by instantly updating and making modifications to customized report cards, our technology promotes open communication between educators, students, and parents. Index Term – Mongo DB, React JS, Node JS, Express JS, Online assessment, Report card, Automated grading, Real-time feedback, User-friendly interface
EMPOWERING EDUCATION: STREAMLINING HEALTH SERVICES WITH A SCHOOL NURSING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT
Authors: Hiwase Samruddhi
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The proposed school nursing management system aims to streamline healthcare administration within educational institutions by providing a comprehensive platform for managing student health records, scheduling appointments, tracking medication administration, and facilitating communication between nurses, parents, and school staff. By leveraging technology to centralize health data and automate routine tasks, this system promises to enhance efficiency, improve healthcare outcomes, and ensure the well-being of students in the school environment. Index Terms –Front-end Development , React Js , Design , React Dev Tools.
SYSTEM FOR ORGANIZING RENTAL HOUSES.
Authors: Choudhari Miss. Akanksha Naresh
Published: June 2024

Abstract—An effective and efficient system for managing multiple properties is required due to the Rising demand for rental housing and the intricacy of property management. The comprehensive system described in this abstract is intended to simplify rental property management for real estate companies, landlords, and property managers. The suggested solution makes use of cutting-edge technology to automate and streamline a number of rental home management tasks, such as communication, financial tracking, maintenance scheduling, tenant recruiting, and lease administration.This module makes it easier to screen tenants, handle applications, create lease agreements, and conduct move-in and move-out inspections. It offers a safe portal for tenant interactions and guarantees a smooth on boarding experiencefor new tenants. IndexTerms – Tenant screening, maintaining the property , HTML, CSS, Javascript , Bootsrap , MySQL, PHP.
Ebû Hanife Sonrası Ebû Yusuf-Halife Hârûnürreşîd İlişkisi
Authors: Koçoğlu Binali
Published: June 2024

İslam toplumunda siyasi mücadelelerin dini referanslar üzerinde yapılması ve İslâm dininin yaşamın neredeyse her alanında temel ilkelerinin bulunması; ulemânın hukuk, din işleri, danışmanlık, eğitim vb. görevleri üstlenmesini gerektirmiştir. Bu önemli görevler aynı zamanda ulemânın toplum üzerindeki statüsünü ve propaganda etkisini kuvvetlendirmiştir. Özellikle Siyasi çekişmelerin yoğun olduğu dönemlerde devlet yöneticileri ulemânın toplum üzerindeki karizmasından faydalanmak için onlara çeşitli vazifeler vererek kendi yanlarında tutmaya çalışmışlardır. İsyan hareketlerinin harlandığı dönemlerde zamanın önde gelen âlimlerinden biri olan Ebû Hanîfe’ye de yöneticiler tarafından çeşitli görev teklifleri yapılmış ancak Ebû Hanîfe kendisine yapılan görev tekliflerini kabul etmeyerek Ehl-i Beyt isyanlarını kısmen de olsa desteklemeyi tercih etmiştir. Ebû Hanîfe’nin bu tercihleri onun kırbaç ve hapis cezaları gibi çeşitli müeyyidelerle karşı karşıya kalmasına neden olmuştur. Ebû Hanîfe’nin tecrübelerini ve dönemin siyasi şartlarını iyi analiz ettiği anlaşılan Ebû Yûsuf, özellikle kâdılkudâtlık vazifesine atanması ile beraber hocasının yöneticilerle olan mesafeli, bazen de muhalif tavrını terk ederek yöneticilerin en yakınındaki isimlerden biri olmuştur. Ebû Yûsuf’un yöneticilerle olan ilişkisindeki bu paradigma değişikliğinde toplumun maslahatı anlayışı, Hârûnürreşîd’in dinî siyaseti, Hanefî mezhebini yayma arzusu, sosyo-ekonomik etkenler gibi durumların etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Ebû Yûsuf’un Halife Hârûnürreşîd ile ilişkisi sadece kâdılkudâtlık vazifesi ile sınırlı kalmamıştır. Ebû Yûsuf aynı zamanda Halife’ye hukuk içinde kalması hususunda tavsiyelerde ve uyarılarda bulunmuş, onun özel meselelerinde fetvalar vermiş, halkın problemlerini ve gördüğü sıkıntıları Halife’ye sunmuş bazen de halk ile Halife arasında arabuluculuk yapmıştır. Ebû Yûsuf’un Halife ile kurduğu ilişki modeli İslâm toplumunda Sâsânîlerdeki din-devlet birlikteliğine benzer bir sistemin oluşmasına büyük katkı sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmamızda Ebû Yûsuf’un Halife Hârûnürreşîd ile yakınlaşmasında Ebû Hanîfe’ ye kıyasla hangi faktörlerin etkili olduğu ve Ebû Yûsuf’un, Halife ile girdiği ilişki şekilleri araştırılmıştır.
Sastra Rempah Abad ke-19: Kajian Gastrokritik pada The History of Java dan Relevansinya dalam Wacana Kolonial dan Pascakolonial dalam Sastra Indonesia
Authors: Rohman Saifur
Published: June 2024

This paper discusses The History of Java (first published in 1817 and published in Indonesian translation in 2014) by Thomas Stamford Raffles about the archipelago's spices, trade, and colonization. Since the arrival of the Portuguese in the easternmost of the archipelago in 1510, Western societies have been hunting for commodities that can be sold. They are middlemen, corporations, and hunters. The gastrocritical method developed by Endraswara was used to obtain literary data. The results of the primary data were linked intertextually to Nagara Krtagama (first published in 1365, then republished in 2009), Sair Rempah-Rempah by Mas Marco Kartodikromo (1919), and Aruna dan Lidahnya (2014) by Laksmi Pamuntjak. The study results show that the spice discourse not only discusses the "Spice Path" but also the path of the meaning of spices in building Indonesia. Spices and Indonesianness are a unity in precolonial and postcolonial history in Indonesia. As a recommendation, spice literature evokes memories of past glories. Spices are a symbol of reminder and healing the wounds of the past.
Ideologi dalam Pesan Natal 2023: Pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis dalam Perspektif Fairclough
Authors: Kabanga Lewi
Published: June 2024

A different wave of uniqueness characterizes Christmas celebrations after the Covid-19 era compared to pre-pandemic celebrations. Every year, Christmas is accompanied by a consistent message theme. The Christmas message of 2023 from the Communion of Churches in Indonesia (PGI) and the Indonesian Church Guardian Conference (KWI) is closely related to the challenges faced by the nation, becoming the basis for the people in honoring God. This research explores the socio-cultural nuances contained in these Christmas messages. With a descriptive qualitative approach, this research uses Fairclough's critical discourse analysis framework and a theological perspective. Data obtained from internet downloads was reduced to identify key analysis elements. The analysis was conducted through three stages of Fairclough's model: text analysis, including description, interpretation, and explanation; discursive practices; and socio-cultural contextualized experience. Findings indicate the presence of eleven keywords in the Easter message, featuring linguistic diversity, including repetition, imperative language, persuasion, and causation. In addition, the socio-cultural insights highlighted caution towards election preparation, identity politics, environmental preservation, the impact of globalization, vigilance in using social media, and technological advancement. These Christmas messages are hoped to appropriately shape people's attitudes to create inner peace and prosperity in honoring God.
HYDROSTATIC REDUCTION OF ILEOCOLIC INTUSSUSCEPTION BY USING GASTROGRAFIN ENEMA IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: Hayat ur Rehman
Published: June 2024

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of fluoroscopic guided gastrografin solution enema in reducing idiopathic ileocolicintussusception.Materials and Methods: From January 2014 to June 2015, DHQ Hospital Timergara conducted this prospectiveobservational research. Based on the clinical history and ultrasound confirmation, the diagnosis was made. All patientsdiagnosed and brought in within 48 hours were included in the trial, while those who did not show up before 48 hourswere not. After passing a Foley’s catheter via the anus, the balloon was inflated. Gently injecting a diluted gastrografinsolution with normal saline under controlled pressure was done. Throughout the operation, many radiographs werecollected. When the contrast reached the small intestine, the process was stopped. Under fluoroscopy, we performedhydrostatic reduction in every instance of gastrografin enema. Using the gastrografin enema, the intussusception waseffectively decreased in 10 out of 14 instances. The same oncologist who previously performed the reduction used ultrasonography to check its success.Results: Our patients ranged in age from 4 to 12 years old. There were nine (75% of the total) men and five (25%)women. Twelve out of fourteen patients (85%) who had gastrografin enema guided by fluoroscopy saw a completedecrease. Eleven patients only needed one setting for a full reduction, and just one needed to have the surgery done twice.Four individuals had the surgery stopped due to failure. In 1/12 cases, recurrence after effective reduction was seen.There were no issues either during or after the surgery.Conclusion: Hydrostatic reduction of intussusception with gastrografin enema under ultrasound or fluoroscopicguidance is a very simple and safe nonoperative method for reducing intussusception in children.Key Words: Intussusception, Hydrostatic reduction, fluoroscopic guidance, gastrografin enema.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN S-INSULIN AND CHROMIUM, MANGANESE, COBALT, AND ZINC EXCRETION IN THE URINE IN HEALTHY KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PERSONS
Authors: Aziz-ur-Rehman  , Soheb Rehman  , Mohammad Israr  , Muhammad Shafiq
Published: June 2024

Objective: Clinical research has shown that mineral imbalances, including those involving zinc, cobalt, manganese,and chromium, are crucial for the onset and development of diabetes mellitus. To ascertain the function of these traceelements in pathogenesis and the advancement of type 2 diabetes, this investigation aimed to ascertain if there was alink, if any, between the urine excretion of these minerals and s-insulin levels.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of study: From January to December 2013, this research was carried out at Khyber MedicalUniversity (KMU), Peshawar, at the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS).Materials and Methods: This research comprised 200 healthy people from the seven divisions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Abbottabad, Peshawar, Mardan, Bannu, Dera Ismail Khan, Malakand, and Kohat) with normal fastingblood sugar (FBS), creatinine, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and TAG values. Anthropometric measures and demographicdata were recorded. Serum creatinine, serum insulin, lipid profile, and fasting blood sugar were measured using a bloodsample. Urine samples were taken early in the morning to measure zinc, cobalt, manganese, and chromium levels.Results: It was discovered that there was a near-to-significant negative connection (r: -0.127, p: 0.073) betweenmanganese and s-insulin and a considerably high negative correlation (r: -0.191, p: 0.007) between chromium ands-insulin. Thus, elevated chromium and manganese excretion in the urine in healthy persons may eventually causeT2DM to proceed if improperly managed.Conclusion: the present study revealed a significant correlation of s-insulin with urinary excretion of chromium only.Keywords: Type II diabetes mellitus, s-insulin, trace elements.
Prelude Op. 3 No. 2 by Sergei Rachmaninoff and Prelude Op. 11 No. 10 by Alexander Scriabin: Two Facets of Drama
Authors: Veretennikov Sergey , Savost'yanov Maksim Alekseevich
Published: June 2024

The two considered dramatic preludes were written by the young Sergei Rachmaninov and Alexander Scriabin almost simultaneously, with a difference of two years. The article examines the interrelationships and features of these two plays. The basis for the joint study of these miniatures is the same tonality (C-sharp minor), one genre definition, as well as several similar features in imagery (drama) and the dramatic idea (the juxtaposition of the "fatal" beginning and the pleading voice). The interrelations are manifested in form, texture, harmony, and specific compositional techniques. On the other hand, distinctive features are also studied in the form, texture, harmony, concert scale, and features of the melodic relief of these compositions. An attempt is made to substantiate the specificity of the plays' figurative and semantic content by the musical language's peculiarities. Rachmaninov's prelude, Op. 3 No. 2 and Scriabin's prelude Op. 11 No. 10 are studied by comparison. The method of sequential comparison makes it possible to study the interrelationships in detail and clearly identify the features and individuality of each miniature's symbolic and semantic content and musical language. For the first time, these two famous preludes are compared in detail, sequentially, in the context of each part. It can be argued that preludes have several similar features (dramatic, compositional, textural) that have not been discussed before. As a result of the comparison, both the peculiarities of imagery and the peculiarities of musical language are highlighted in a new way. A number of these features will later, in the course of the evolution of creativity, become distinctive features of the compositional styles of each of the authors. Due to these individual characteristics, one dramatic idea is embodied in each of these preludes in its own way: the idea of contrasting and further interaction of two contrasting images—"rock" and "supplication"—is embodied in each prelude in its own way. These features emphasize the difference, like the drama of each play. This difference is related to the individuality of creativity's emotional, symbolic, and semantic content and the specifics of the aesthetic positions of the two Russian contemporary composers.
Student obstruction at Moscow University in the second third of the 19th century as a form of protest activity
Authors: Gritsenko Alina Igorevna
Published: June 2024

The object of the study is the phenomenon of student obstruction at the Moscow University of the XIX century as a form of student protest against lecturers who caused dissatisfaction. The subject of the study is the reasons for student protests against professors, reasons for demarche, as well as the results and consequences of obstruction for the teachers, the most active students as well as the organization of the educational process and ways of student management by the university authorities. In addition, within the framework of this article, based on official sources, memoir literature and archival documents, an attempt is made to reconstruct the mechanics of student protest itself using the example of two of the most high-profile and significant cases in the history of Moscow University of the specified period, namely the "stories" with professors Malov and Varnek. The research methodology is classical for works on social history: It is based on the fundamental principle of historicism and a number of traditional methods for historical science (historical-genetic, historical-typological, comparative). The novelty of the research lies in the fact that in the Russian literature there have been practically no attempts to study the phenomenon of student obstruction at the pre-reform Moscow University. A special contribution of the author of the work is the study of the topic of student protests in the context of the formation of a student corporation with its inherent ethics, an unspoken set of rules, special ways of defending their rights in conflicts with teachers and university authorities. The author of the study also concludes that the university leadership in this era was generally quite lenient towards cases of obstruction and protests against teachers, although after the "Varnek's story" the university authorities treated the instigators and participants of the protest more strictly than the initiators of the obstruction against Professor Malov in the 1830s.
Representation of freedom in the chivalric biographies “Bruce” by John Barbour and “The Book of Good Jean” by Guillaume de Saint-André
Authors: Lachugina Natalia
Published: June 2024

The medieval communities of Western Europe, due to the unique historical and cultural development of each of them, had different ideas about what the concept of “freedom” includes. The article compares two chivalric biographies “Bruce” by John Barbour and “The Book of Good Jean” by Guillaume de Saint-André, the authors of which paid special attention to this phenomenon. Literary monuments were composed in the form of chanson de geste in the last third of the 14th century. Although the sources of the article were written in different European regions (Scotland and Brittany), the circumstances of the poetic works creation are very similar: both works were composed by the authors at a time when the inhabitants of the two countries suffered from attempts by other states to influence their domestic politics. To study how the Scots and Bretons understood the concept of "freedom", standard methods of historical research were used (historical-genetic and historical-comparative methods). It is concluded that the ideas about freedom in the two poems concern the worldview not only of a certain class or religious group, but demonstrate the peculiarities of self-identification of the Scots and Bretons as a whole. To emphasize the need to fight the enemy, both John Barbour and Guillaume de Saint-André describe in detail the oppression from "strangers" experienced by absolutely everyone living in their countries. The influence of Christian and ancient traditions on the compilers of gesture texts is examined in detail, and the influence of the law of each individual region is traced. It is noted that the compilers of the works, telling about the desire of each community to defend the independence of their native place, turn to popular stories in the late Middle Ages about the Maccabean War (166-142 BC) from the Old Testament.
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and its contribution to the development of Humanitarian Diplomacy
Authors: Alibalaev Muradin Memedkhanovich
Published: June 2024

This article deals with the role of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) in the development of humanitarian diplomacy. As one of the largest humanitarian organizations in the world, the IFRC plays a key role in coordinating and providing assistance in emergencies, as well as in strengthening international cooperation and advocacy. The article analyses the main areas of IFRC activities, including its efforts to provide humanitarian assistance in areas of armed conflict, natural disasters and other crisis situations. The mechanisms of the Federation's interaction with state structures, international organizations and non-governmental actors are considered, and their effectiveness is assessed. Special attention is paid to such aspects as resource mobilization, development and implementation of emergency preparedness programs, and support and protection of vulnerable groups. The author provides a detailed analysis of key initiatives and programs implemented by the IFRC, such as the “More Than Aid” strategy, the “Time for Humanitarian Action” initiative and climate change programs. The article uses general scientific methods and the method of situation analysis, which made it possible to determine the scope of scientific research and clarify the basic concepts and categories associated with the formation and development of the phenomenon of humanitarian diplomacy. In the process of preparing the article, such general scientific methods of cognition as analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, comparison, analogy, abstraction and generalization were used. A comprehensive and systematic study of the topic of the article is missing in the science of international relations. The article concludes on the relevance of the IFRC's activities for the development of humanitarian diplomacy and gives recommendations for strengthening its role in the future. The author proposes strategic directions to improve the IFRC's engagement with various actors in the international arena and to coordinate humanitarian efforts better globally.
Proof in administrative law: introduction and comparative insights
Authors: Somer Stéphanie De , Stijleman Annelien
Published: June 2024

In this contribution, we introduce the topic that is central to this special issue of REALaw. We start by arguing for the importance of (comparative) research on proof in administrative law. Subsequently, we sketch the purpose, method and design of (the research underlying) this special
issue, which was preceded by an expert seminar and an exchange of papers between contributors. Next, we identify some of the most important comparative insights that we came to after analysing the country chapters. We end with a conclusion and some suggestions for a future (comparative) research
agenda.
Proof in Dutch Administrative Law
Authors: Schuurmans Y.E.
Published: June 2024

The law of proof and evidence in Dutch administrative law is founded on a theory of free evidence. Over the years, evidential standards have been derived from general principles of sound administration, such as the duty of due care and the duty to give reasons. A flexible system of
proof is the result, aptly tailored to the circumstances of the case. This article focuses on the dynamics of the law of proof and evidence in the Netherlands and aims to offer a perspective on future challenges and expected developments. It is argued that evidential norms have become more
explicit and precise on the one hand, while at the same time being deformalised. Dutch administrative law courts are increasingly focusing on standards that offer citizens safeguards in fact finding. Evidential norms should increase the quality of fact finding, protect citizens from an over-intrusive
administrative state and compensate for an inequality of arms. Over the past few years, courts have worked on effective options for litigants to adduce evidence in appeal. Most recently, the government has published a bill strengthening this evidentiary position by introducing a specific procedural
instrument known as the ‘citizen loop’. These developments are bolstered by European case law, which asks for enhanced human rights protection and effective legal protection.
The ‘Europeanization’ of the rules and principles on proof in domestic administrative law
Authors: Somer Stéphanie De , Stijleman Annelien
Published: June 2024

In this article, we examine the impact of both EU law and the European Convention on Human Rights on rules and principles of proof in domestic administrative law, ie at member state or contracting state level. In both cases, that influence has been subtle and incremental. It follows
mostly from case law that has increasingly been deriving duties for administrations and (administrative) courts from general principles of good administration or adjudication or in the process of interpreting legislation. The issues relating to proof on which the Court of Justice of the European
Union and the European Court of Human Rights have thus far given their view are often of a fundamental nature. One example is the case law that obliges administrations and/or courts to seek expert advice and the procedural safeguards that should go hand in hand with this. Another example
is the question of whether unlawfully obtained evidence should be excluded from further consideration by the administration and (later on) by the domestic courts. With the ever more frequent use by administrations of technologies that are subject to strict regulation in order to safeguard
fundamental rights such as respect for private life, the risk of evidence being unlawfully obtained increases. Given the link with fundamental rights, the development of a European approach was thus to be expected, even though both courts do not seem to be entirely on the same page on the
criteria to be applied in this respect.
Obligation to State Reasons: Clear Principle with (Still) Unclear Scope? In Search of an Adequate Standard of Reasoning for a Decision Based on Confidential Data (Joined Cases C‐584/20 P and C‐621/20 P Commission and SRB v Landesbank Baden-Württemberg)
Authors: Kerlin Jakub , Ceran Dariusz
Published: June 2024

This article provides an analysis of the judgment of the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice (the Court) of 15 July 2021 delivered in Joined Cases C-584/20 P and C-621/20 P (Commission and SRB v Landesbank Baden-W??rttemberg), which offers valuable insights into the question
of the scope of the obligation to state reasons. In particular, the judgment clarifies how that obligation should be weighed, if necessary, with the obligation to protect the confidential data within the EU decision-making process. While the judgment specifically pertains to a decision of
the Single Resolution Board regarding the calculation of ex-ante contributions to the Single Resolution Fund, its implications extend to all areas of EU law where the EU administration relies on confidential information in order to adopt a decision. Additionally, the judgment holds particular
significance for the National Resolution Authorities of the Member States non-participating in the Banking Union, since they are required to calculate ex‐ante contributions to their national resolution financing arrangement and must, for this purpose, rely on the methodology
provided by the EU legislator, as interpreted by the Court. Finally, the authors argue that regardless of its significance, the judgment leaves several questions unanswered regarding the adequacy of the reasoning of an administrative decision based on confidential data.
De Territorio Temporal a Paisaje Coreografico: Reinterpretando el paisaje dinámico del umbral a la Patagonia
Authors:   , Walbaum Josephine
Published: June 2024

La coreografía es un concepto proveniente del griego – koreos o ‘movimiento’ y grafía o ‘escritura’, es decir, un conjunto de movimientos organizados de manera estructural, con sentido y objetivos específicos para significar algo previamente diseñado. (Ecured. “Coreografía”. Diciembre, 2023) Este concepto, llevado al paisaje, se asocia a los procesos naturales entramados en una temporalidad. Por otro lado, el ser humano, con su capacidad de crear cultura y construir sobre ella, tiene la posibilidad de coordinarse con los procesos naturales, pudiendo así coexistir con estos, reparar acciones o incluso acelerar procesos que de otra manera demorarían siglos.El proyecto de arquitectura de paisaje busca reconciliar el encuentro entre el ser humano y el paisaje, a través de la coreografía y programación de sus elementos. A la vez que se toman en consideración las actividades culturales que construyen una identidad de la Patagonia chilena, como la ganadería que irrumpe los procesos ecológicos, introduce una especie exótica y obliga la construcción de paisajes ajenos al sitio, y así diseñar para permitir su coexistencia con la conservación.
Primitivismo y progreso en los relatos mítico-históricos de Político 268d-274e y Leyes III. La posibilidad de una protofilosofía de la historia en Platón.
Authors:   , GONZÁLEZ QUIÑONES ROBERTO EMMANUEL
Published: June 2024

La presente investigación, aunque se inserta en el ámbito de la filosofía clásica, abarca también temas de la historia de las ideas y de la filosofía de la historia. El objetivo principal consiste en determinar si los relatos contenidos en Político 268d-274e y Leyes III contienen una interpretación primitivista o progresista de la historia y si dicho ejercicio puede ser considerado un cierto tipo de filosofía de la historia. La hipótesis defiende que, en Platón, ambas visiones -primitivismo y progreso- encuentran una relación complementaria y que estas narraciones, en cuanto “imagen de mundo” representan un ejercicio sui generis de la filosofía substantiva de la historia. Los resultados de la investigación coinciden con este enunciado. En primer lugar, se muestra que el problema planteado no es ajeno a los textos ni a los estudios clásicos. Segundo, el análisis de algunos principios de la cosmología platónica sugiere que ésta es favorable a una interpretación histórica que, en efecto, presenta elementos primitivistas así como una idea de progreso. Tercero, se muestra que Platón realizó un estudio minucioso sobre el pasado y que, mediante el uso de un léxico preciso en sus textos, abre la posibilidad de abordar un estudio histórico del tiempo. Cuarto, se plantea que el texto de Leyes III contiene una teoría del origen y desarrollo de la civilización a partir de la cual se puede establecer la noción de un “progreso moral” en términos meliorativos. Quinto, se argumenta que ese progreso moral se viabiliza en el concepto de la eunomía, un estado psicológico que puede ser descrito como una “habituación consciente” en la obediencia a la ley pero que transciende el mero cumplimiento de preceptos legales para presentarse como una disposición en el “buen-orden” en tres niveles: del sujeto respecto de sí mismo, respecto de la ciudad y respecto del dios. Sexto, se defiende la posibilidad del progreso en Magnesia bajo ciertas condiciones. Finalmente, se defiende la posibilidad de considerar este ejercicio platónico, en tanto imagen de mundo, como un ejercicio de filosofía substantiva de la historia.
Volunturismo
Authors: Santos Diego Ribeiro , Oliveira Patricia Garcia , Wada Elizabeth Kyoko
Published: June 2024

O volunturismo se destina a turistas engajados em viagens, promovidas por empresas com e sem fins lucrativos, para realizar trabalho voluntário em diversas modalidades nacional e internacional­mente. Acredita-se que a prática do volunturismo proporciona um cenário propício para vivências hospitaleiras no qual os voluntários podem atuar com hospitabilidade do mesmo modo que seus anfitriões, portanto, determinou-se como objetivo principal averiguar a manifestação da hospitali­dade e do agir hospitaleiro na experiência de volunturismo. Encaminhou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratório-descritiva com coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com líderes de organizações especializadas em volunturismo e volunturistas. Como resultado, encontraram-se traços que remetem à hospitalidade em valores expressos pelo exercício da atividade voluntária, pela motivação dos turistas voluntários e por suas habilidades hospitaleiras regidas pelo espírito ou pela essência da hospitalidade genuína. Identificou-se que episódios de inospitalidade ou até mesmo de hostilidade podem ocorrer em razão da postura de volunturistas, da falta de estrutura ou do foco das organizações especializadas.
papel do apego de residentes ao lugar no design de experiências turísticas no espaço rural
Authors: Sant'Anna Eduardo Silva , Fratucci Aguinaldo Cesar
Published: June 2024

Residentes de destinos turísticos se conectam afetivamente com o espaço em que vivem. Esse fenômeno é conhecido como apego ao lugar, que pode ter diversas repercussões positivas para destinos turísticos. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar o papel do apego ao lugar no desenvolvimento de experiências turísticas no espaço rural. Realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas com foto-elicitação com 10 agricultores familiares e empreendedores em 4 roteiros de turismo rural brasileiros. A análise temática reflexiva resultou em três temas: 1) O lugar como inspiração para experiências turísticas; 2) A influência do apego ao lugar na busca por oferecer experiências autênticas; e 3) A interação entre expectativa de lugar e transformações espaciais e pessoais. Os resultados sugerem que o apego ao lugar dos moradores contribui de forma significativa para o planejamento de experiências turísticas. Esses resultados possuem implicações teóricas para o conhecimento sobre o apego ao lugar e design de experiências turísticas. Do ponto de vista prático, argumentamos que o apego dos moradores ao lugar pode ser um substrato inicial para planejamento de experiências memoráveis. Além disso, o desenvolvimento do turismo responsável pode reforçar as conexões afetivas dos moradores com seu espaço, história e cultura.
A Retrospective Cross-sectional Analysis of Renal Complications in Association with Cancer: Insights from 120 Autopsies
Authors: Fernandes Gwendolyn , Khumanthem Gloria , Datar Sharada , Khot Kasturi
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Kidney diseases frequently complicate cancer and its treatment, contributing to both morbidity and mortality. Malignancies can give rise to various kidney issues, such as glomerulonephritis and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). This association operates bidirectionally, with patients experiencing the development of renal diseases due to cancer, and CKD predisposing to cancer. Furthermore, nephrotoxicity induced by chemotherapy can result in Acute Tubular Injury (ATI) and necrosis, imposing limitations on its application. Aim: To evaluate the spectrum of renal pathology in autopsies of malignancies. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective crosssectional study of complete autopsies of all cases of malignancies performed in the Department of Pathology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The study was carried out over a 5-year period from January 2015 to December 2019. Analysis of cases with respect to demographics, type of primary malignancy, gross and microscopic features, and the final cause of death was conducted. These findings were meticulously tabulated, with frequencies and percentages calculated for each category. Results: A total of 4392 autopsies were conducted throughout the study period, with 120 of them revealing the presence of malignancies. A total of 38 (31.6%) malignancies were diagnosed for the first time at autopsy. The commonest renal findings on gross were scars (superficial and deep) seen in 40 (33.33%), followed by cortical cysts in 25 (20.83%), granular contracted kidney in 15 (12.50%), mass lesions in 7 (5.83%), abscesses in 7 (5.83%), and swollen, oedematous kidneys in 6 (5%) autopsies. The most frequent renal pathology on microscopy were infective lesions seen in 43 (35.83%), Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) in 32 (26.66%), ATI in 30 (25%), followed by malignancies- primary and secondary in 11 (9.16%), tubular casts in 6 (5%), etc. Rare findings included membranous glomerulonephritis and Tumour Lysis Syndrome (TLS) (Acute urate nephropathy) in 1 (0.83%) each. The TLS case had classic histomorphological features of TLS, apart from laboratory parameters. Extensive deposits of uric acid crystals were seen obstructing the tubules as well as some of the glomeruli on microscopy. Conclusion: In one-third of the cases, the malignancy was exclusively discovered during the autopsy. The study revealed a diverse array of lesions, encompassing pyelonephritis, ATN, primary and metastatic renal tumours, cast nephropathy, membranous glomerulonephritis, and TLS. One-fifth of the cases had end-stage renal disease (advanced renal disease). A significant number of the cases exhibited tumour masses within the kidneys. One-fifth of the cases had renal pathology contributing to the final cause of death, further highlighting the association between malignancies and renal pathology
Dynamics of DNA Methylation During Gametogenesis: Insights and Detection Methods
Authors: Doggalli Gangadhara , Shailaja D S , S Keerthana , H G Manojkumar , E Santhoshinii , Srivastava Mitali , Kundu Ritama , Ameen Arfa , K Varun Kumar
Published: June 2024

For many years, scientific research has dedicated significant attention to unraveling the complexities of inheritance, the process by which traits are passed from one generation to the next. At the heart of this exploration lies DNA methylation, a pivotal mechanism that exerts profound influence over gene expression, cellular identity, and the overarching development of organisms. This in-depth review meticulously probes the intricate dynamics of DNA methylation, meticulously dissecting its multifaceted impact on inheritance patterns and the spectrum of phenotypic variations observed. The review scrutinizes the underlying mechanisms governing the establishment and maintenance of DNA methylation, offering a nuanced understanding of its regulatory roles. Through a synthesis of insights gleaned from the fields of molecular biology, epigenetics, and genomics, it illuminates the far-reaching implications of DNA methylation for both health and disease. By peering into the molecular machinery that orchestrates these epigenetic modifications, the review provides a comprehensive framework for comprehending the interplay between DNA methylation and the transmission of hereditary traits. Moreover, by contextualizing these findings within the broader landscape of genetics and inheritance, the review offers valuable perspectives for guiding future research endeavors. These insights not only deepen our understanding of the intricate processes underlying heredity but also hold potential implications for the development of novel therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating DNA methylation patterns. In essence, this review serves as a cornerstone in the ongoing quest to unravel the mysteries of inheritance, paving the way for innovative approaches to address complex biological phenomena.
The Impact of Practical Work Experience on Academic Achievement in Biology among Senior Secondary School Students in Yenagoa Metropolis
Authors: Nneji Patricia Okwuchi , Oshodi Purity Adenike , Akomolede Sunday Kolawole , Olayemi Olosunde, Jawad , Uwaila Oboite, Diana , Tochi Nkwocha Stephen , Iweuno Blessing Ngozi , Stanley Nkwocha Emeka , Badmus Adetutu Halimat , Samson Kunlere Alaba , Adenuga Adebike
Published: June 2024

The study investigated the impact of practical work experience on academic achievement in biology at the senior school level in Yenagoa Metropolis. Additionally, the moderating effect of gender on the dependent variable was examined. Two public secondary schools were randomly selected for this study, and one intact class was randomly selected from each school and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The sample size consisted of 219 students out of 256 students offering biology at the Senior Secondary one (SSI) level in the selected schools.
A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was adopted. The experimental group used a practical work experience strategy, while the control group was taught using a modified lecture strategy. The study used the Biology Achievement Test (BAT). Experts in biology education validated the BAT, and a reliability of 0.73 was obtained using Kuder-Richardson Formula 21. Two hypotheses and two research questions guided the study, and the hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 significance level.
Differences in mean scores were subjected to t-test statistics, which were significant in favor of the experimental group and were found to be gender-friendly. It was recommended that practical allowances should be paid to science teachers to motivate them to adopt practical work experience strategies in the teaching-learning process in schools.