bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantum corrections and the minimal Yukawa sector of
SU(5)
Authors: Patel Ketan M. , Shukla Saurabh K.
Published: January 2024

It is well known that the SU(5) grand unified theory, with the standard model quarks and leptons unified in 5¯ and 10 and the electroweak Higgs doublet residing in five-dimensional representations, leads to the relation Yd=YeT between the Yukawa couplings of the down-type quarks and the charged leptons. We show that this degeneracy can be lifted in a phenomenologically viable way when quantum corrections to the tree-level matching conditions are taken into account in the presence of one or more copies of gauge singlet fermions. The one-loop threshold corrections arising from heavy leptoquark scalar and vector bosons, already present in the minimal model, and heavy singlet fermions can lead to realistic Yukawa couplings, provided their masses differ by at least 2 orders of magnitude. The latter can also lead to a realistic light neutrino mass spectrum through the type I seesaw mechanism if the color partner of the Higgs stays close to the Planck scale. Most importantly, our findings demonstrate the viability of the simplest Yukawa sector when quantum corrections are considered and sizable threshold effects are present.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Belle II observation prospects for axionlike particle production from
B
meson annihilation decay
Authors: Zhang Yi , Ishikawa Akimasa , Kou Emi , Marcantonio Daniel Thomas , Urquijo Phillip
Published: January 2024

We investigate a new production mechanism of axionlike particle (ALP) from B meson annihilation decays and its observation potential at the Belle and Belle II experiments. This mechanism allows for the production of ALP from B meson decays in association with a large variety of mesons. In this article, we first estimate the branching ratios of such processes with a perturbative QCD method. Focusing on the most promising B→ha′ (h=K±,π±,D0 and Ds) channels, we perform sensitivity studies for a′ decaying invisibly or into diphoton with Belle and Belle II experiments.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Gravitational form factors of the nucleon and one pion graviproduction in chiral EFT
Authors: Alharazin H.
Published: January 2024

In the framework of chiral effective field theory of delta resonances, nucleons, and pions interacting with background gravitational field we calculate the gravitational form factors of the nucleon up to fourth order in the small scale expansion and obtain the long-range behavior of the corresponding contributions to the energy, spin, pressure, and shear force distributions. By comparing nucleon gravitational form factors with and without delta contributions we conclude that explicit inclusion of deltas plays an important role. Next we explore the Lorentz structure of the N↦Nπ transition matrix element of the conserved symmetric energy-momentum tensor and introduce its parametrization in terms of twelve transition form factors. We use the chiral effective field theory to calculate the tree-order contributions to the gravitational transition form factors of the pion graviproduction off the nucleon up to third order.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Heavy-flavor transport and hadronization in
pp
collisions
Authors: Beraudo Andrea , De Pace Arturo , Pablos Daniel , Prino Francesco , Monteno Marco , Nardi Marzia
Published: January 2024

Recent experimental results on the Λc+/D0 ratio in proton-proton (pp) collisions have revealed a significant enhancement compared to expectations based on universal fragmentation fractions/functions across different colliding systems, from e+e− to pp. This unexpected enhancement has sparked speculation about the potential effects of a deconfined medium impacting hadronization, previously considered exclusive to heavy-ion collisions. In this study, we propose a novel approach that assumes the formation of a small, deconfined, and expanding fireball even in pp collisions, where charm quarks can undergo rescattering and hadronization. We make use of the same in-medium hadronization mechanism developed for heavy-ion collisions, which involves local color-neutralization through recombination of charm quarks with nearby opposite color charges from the background fireball. Our model incorporates the presence of diquark excitations in the hot medium, which promotes the formation of charmed baryons. Moreover, the recombination process, involving closely aligned partons from the same fluid cell, effectively transfers the collective flow of the system to the final charmed hadrons. We show that this framework can qualitatively reproduce the observed experimental findings in heavy-flavor particle-yield ratios, pT-spectra and elliptic-flow coefficients. Our results provide new, complementary supporting evidence that the collective phenomena observed in small systems naturally have the same origin as those observed in heavy-ion collisions.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Double-gluon charmonium hybrid states with various exotic quantum numbers
Authors: Su Niu , Chen Hua-Xing , Chen Wei , Zhu Shi-Lin
Published: January 2024

We study the double-gluon charmonium hybrid states with various quantum numbers, each of which is composed of one valence charm quark and one valence charm antiquark as well as two valence gluons. We concentrate on the exotic quantum numbers JPC=0−−/0+−/1−+/2+−/3−+ that the conventional q¯q mesons cannot reach. We apply the QCD sum rule method to calculate their masses to be 7.28−0.43+0.38, 5.19−0.46+0.36, 5.46−0.62+0.41, 4.48−0.31+0.25, and 5.54−0.43+0.35  GeV, respectively. We study their possible decay patterns and propose to search for the JPC=2+−/3−+ states in the D*D¯(*)/Ds*D¯s(*)/Σc*Σ¯c(*)/Ξc*Ξ¯c(′,*) channels. Experimental investigations on these states and decay channels can be useful in classifying the nature of the hybrid state, thus serving as a direct test of QCD in the low energy sector.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Data-driven and model-agnostic approach to solving combinatorial assignment problems in searches for new physics
Authors: Badea Anthony , Berlingen Javier Montejo
Published: January 2024

We present a novel approach to solving combinatorial assignment problems in particle physics. The correct assignment of decay products to parent particles is achieved in a model-agnostic fashion by introducing a neural network architecture, asswd-, which combines a custom layer based on attention mechanisms and dual autoencoders. We demonstrate how the network, trained purely on background events in an unsupervised setting, is capable of reconstructing correctly hypothetical new particles regardless of their mass, decay multiplicity, and substructure, and produces simultaneously an anomaly score that can be used to efficiently suppress the background. This model allows the extension of the suite of searches for localized excesses to include nonresonant particle pair production where the reconstruction of the two resonant masses is thwarted by combinatorics.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Darboux-Kadomtsev-Petviashvili system as an integrable Chern-Simons multiform theory in infinite dimensional space
Authors: Martins João Faria , Nijhoff Frank W. , Riccombeni Daniel
Published: January 2024

The Darboux-Kadomtsev-Petviashvili system is a universal three-dimensional integrable field theory, which is a generating system for the entire Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy, and at the same time generalizes the Darboux system, describing orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. In this paper, we establish a hierarchy of Lagrangian multiforms for the Darboux-Kadomtsev-Petviashvili system, derived from a hierarchy of Chern-Simons actions in an infinite-dimensional space of Miwa variables. This provides an integrable variational description of this multidimensionally consistent field theory embedded in infinite dimensional space.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
{[(E)-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)methylidene]amino}thiourea
Authors: Mesto Ernesto , Okio Coco K. Y. A. , Lemus Maria Alejandra , Schingaro Emanuela
Published: January 2024

The synthesis and crystallographic analysis of the title compound, C9H9N3O2S, are reported. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, revealing characteristic bond lengths and angles typical of thiosemicarbazone groups. The supramolecular organization primarily arises from hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions, leading to distinctive dimeric formations.
Synthesis and crystal structure of a cadmium(II) coordination polymer based on 4,4′-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl)dibenzoate
Authors: Popovych Anastasiia M. , Tsymbal Liudmyla V. , Khomenko Dmytro M. , Bargan Alexandra , Lampeka Yaroslaw D. , Lampeka Rostislav D.
Published: January 2024

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, catena-poly[[[aquabis(pyridine-κN)cadmium(II)]-μ2-4,4′-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl)dibenzoato-κ4
O,O′:O′′,O′′′] 4.5-hydrate], {[Cd(C16H9N3O4)(C5H5N)2(H2O)]·4.5H2O}
n
or {[Cd(bct)(py)2(H2O)]·4.5H2O}
n
(I), consists of a Cd2+ cation coordinated to one bct2– carboxylate dianion, two molecules of pyridine and a water molecule as well as four and a half water molecules of crystallization. The metal ion in I possesses a pentagonal–bipyramidal environment with the four O atoms of the two bidentately coordinated carboxylate groups and the N atom of a pyridine molecule forming the O4N equatorial plane, while the N atom of another pyridine ligand and the O atom of the water molecule occupy the axial positions. The bct2– bridging ligand connects two metal ions via its carboxylic groups, resulting in the formation of a parallel linear polymeric chain running along the [1\overline{1}1] direction. The coordinated water molecule of one chain forms a strong O—H...O hydrogen bond with the carboxylate O atom of a neighboring chain, leading to the formation of double chains with a closest distance of 5.425 (7) Å between the cadmium ions belonging to different chains. Aromatic π–π stacking interactions between the benzene fragments of the anions as well as between the coordinated pyridine molecules belonging to different chains results in the formation of sheets oriented parallel to the (\overline{1}01) plane. As a result of hydrogen-bonding interactions involving the water molecules of crystallization, the sheets are joined together in a three-dimensional network.
Factors influencing the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) in university libraries: a systematic literature review (SLR)
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Khan Shakeel Ahmad , Iqbal Abid
Published: January 2024

Purpose

For the provision of smart library services to end users, tools of the Internet of Things (IoT) play a significant role. The study aims to discover the factors influencing the adoption of IoT in university libraries, investigate the impact of IoT on university library services and identify challenges to adopt IoT applications in university libraries.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic literature review was carried out to address the objectives of the study. The 40 most relevant research papers published in the world’s leading digital databases were selected to conduct the study.

Findings

The findings illustrated that rapid growth in technology, perceived benefits, the networked world and the changing landscape of librarianship positively influenced the adoption of IoT in university libraries. The study also displayed that IoT supported library professionals to initiate smart library services, assisted in service efficiency, offered context-based library services, provided tracking facilities and delivered effective management of library systems. Results also revealed that a lack of technical infrastructure, security and privacy concerns, a lack of technological skills and unavailability of policy and strategic planning caused barriers to the successful adoption of IoT applications in university libraries.

Originality/value

The study has provided theoretical implications through a valuable addition to the current literature. It has also offered managerial implications for policymakers to construct productive policies for the implementation of IoT applications in university libraries for the attainment of fruitful outcomes. Finally, the study provides a baseline for understanding the adoption of IoT in academic libraries.
Understanding brand reputation: a case study of Chinese wineries
Authors: Shi Fengxia , Gu Qiushi , Zhou Ting
Published: January 2024

Purpose

Exploring the determinants of a winery brand reputation (BR) and how those determinants interact is vital for the sustainable development of wineries as well as the growth of the wine industry as a whole. This study aims to test an integrated model to better understand the observed measurement constructs of winery brand reputation, including collective reputation (CR), wine label (WL), expert opinion (EO), social media advertising (SMA) and consumer wine knowledge (CWK).

Design/methodology/approach

In-depth interviews, an expert panel review and a pilot study were conducted to examine and improve the observed variables. A questionnaire survey was conducted as the main data source for the study. A total of 616 valid questionnaire responses were collected from 102 cities in mainland China and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan from December 2021 to April 2022. Structural equation modeling was conducted for the data analysis.

Findings

This study supported 9 of the 18 proposed theoretical hypotheses. WL, EO and SMA had positive effects on BR. CWK was found to have a moderating effect on the relationship between expert opinions/social media advertising and brand reputation.

Research limitations/implications

The results of this study can guide wine practitioners, researchers and administrators in brand development, label regulation and consumer education.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to examine the determinants of winery brand reputation among Chinese wine consumers. This study explains the mechanism of winery brand reputation, demonstrating the dynamics and effects of the observed measurement constructs on brand reputation.
Assessing students’ sustainability consciousness in relation to their perceived teaching styles: an exploratory study in Pakistani context
Authors: Nousheen Ayesha , Tabassum Farkhanda
Published: January 2024

Purpose

This study aims to asses students’ sustainability consciousness (SC) in relation to their perceived teaching styles in seven public sector institutions in Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey technique was used to collect data from respondents. Grasha’s (1996) Teaching Styles Inventory and Gericke et al.’s (2019) Sustainability Consciousness Questionnaire were used to collect data pertinent to teachers’ teaching styles and students’ SC, respectively. This study’s population was 1,986 students studying in seven educational institutions. A sample of 993 students was selected for the study. Out of the 993 questionnaires distributed, only 753 respondents returned the questionnaire completely filled, resulting in a response rate of 75.83%. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to analyze the data.

Findings

The results show that students’ mean scores on environmental and social dimensions were higher compared with the economic dimension. Similarly, students’ scores were relatively higher on the knowledge and attitude dimension while lower on the behavior dimension. Moreover, the expert and formal authority teaching styles were the most prevalent teaching styles. Furthermore, SEM results show that various teaching styles affected students’ knowledge and attitude; however, only the delegator teaching style affects all three dimensions of SC.

Research limitations/implications

This research has implications for educational institutions and policymakers to ensure dedicated efforts to promote and integrate education for sustainable development into the educational system and achieve sustainability goals by 2030.

Practical implications

The study findings will help future teachers to effectively integrate sustainability education into their classrooms.

Originality/value

This research expands the discussion on the effectiveness of various teaching styles on SC in teacher education programs.
Test and analysis of friction torque of double-row angular contact ball bearing under vacuum environment
Authors: Ye Biqing , Zhang Kebiao , Zuo Qiang , Zhang Li , Shan Xiaohang
Published: January 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to test and analyze the friction torque of double-row angular contact ball bearings under vacuum or ordinary pressure environment, horizontal or upright installation mode, and different rotational speeds, and to provide theoretical bases for the development of aerospace equipment.

Design/methodology/approach

The experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of vacuum or ordinary pressure environment, horizontal or upright installation mode and different rotational speeds on bearing friction torque. To explore the relationship between working conditions and bearing friction torque, firstly, based on the generation source of friction torque, the test principle was determined, a test system was developed and the reliability of data was verified. Secondly, the friction torque of bearing was tested, and the values under various working conditions were obtained. Finally, this paper compared and discussed the test results.

Findings

The test results show that the friction torque value of vacuum environment horizontal installation condition is the largest at different rotational speeds, and the rotational speed has the most significant influence on the friction torque.

Originality/value

The friction torque test system of double-row angular contact ball bearing under vacuum environment was designed and built. The influence rules of vacuum or ordinary pressure environment, horizontal or upright installation mode and different rotational speeds on bearing friction torque were obtained.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ILT-08-2023-0259
Unravelling of moderating effect of progressive education between job demand and burnout
Authors: Rajak Rupesh , Rajak Binod , Kumar Vimal , Mathur Swati
Published: January 2024

Purpose

This study aims to provide a causal framework for teacher burnout (BO) and work engagement (WE) by examining the factors that contribute to it and evaluating how progressive education (PE) affects teachers' performance in Higher education institutions (HEIs).

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a multi-stage sampling technique with the help of computer random generation data from a selected list of teachers. The survey has two sections; the first consisted of a questionnaire of PE, BO, WE and organizational outcomes and the second contained four items to measure the demographic variables. The researcher contacted 745 teachers and asked them to fill up the questionnaire but the authors received only 498 useable responses.

Findings

The results of the study confirmed that moderating role PE reduces the BO of the teachers of HEIs and increases WE. The job demand-resource (JD-R) model was also validated in the Indian context and the model was found suitable for the Indian sample.

Research limitations/implications

The study has been conducted to manage BO and teachers' engagement in HEIs and the result suggests that the Management of HEIs should value PE characteristics as a crucial component of the educational process. PE encourages academic engagement among professors and students in HEIs.

Originality/value

The study tests the moderating role of PE with the JD-R and the JD-R model in the higher education system in India, which is rarely tested. The study's integrated approach to BO and WE, which provide insight into both viewpoints and aids in employees' poor health.
Transformation of higher education institutions from rhetoric commitment to a place of lifelong learning organizations: a meta synthesis study
Authors: Assefa Yalalem , Gebremeskel Melaku Mengistu , Moges Bekalu Tadesse , Tilwani Shouket Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Purpose

The current synthesis study was conducted to locate comprehensive perspectives about the transformation of higher education institutions from being the only places where formal education programs are offered into settings where lifelong learning can be integrated. This demands an inquiry through not only instance investigation but also a more comprehensive evidence upsurge which has great importance in obtaining lessons and drawing conclusions from existing facts to show how higher education institutions can be places where lifelong learning is promoted for the good of both individuals and societal advancement.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a meta-synthesis methodology, a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in the area of higher education institutions' role in promoting lifelong learning was synthesized.

Findings

The study identified wide-ranging lifelong learning conceptualizations, potential beneficiaries, learning contents and ways of delivery that can be applied in higher education institutions. Furthermore, the practical challenges, partnership and coordination concerns and policy and reform issues towards promoting lifelong learning were addressed.

Originality/value

This meta-synthesis provides crucial evidence for higher education policymakers and practitioners seeking to guide the transformation of their institutions into settings where lifelong learning is integrated with other forms of educational programs, thereby optimizing individual's professional development and societal progress.
The role of contextual factors in conflict handling strategies in logistics service networks
Authors: Özcan Seda , Sevil Oflaç Bengü
Published: January 2024

Purpose

In business-to-business interactions, conflicts are inevitable, and conflict-handling strategies that consider different variables improve the decision-making process of actors. This study aims to reveal the role of power and criticality in conflict-handling research in logistics service networks.

Design/methodology/approach

A 2 × 2 between-subject experimental design with four different scenarios was used. One hundred sixty logistics service actors completed an online questionnaire. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and paired sample t-tests using the SPSS 28.0 program.

Findings

In comparative scenarios involving high and low power dynamics, individuals with high power and high criticality situations are more inclined to favor the dominating strategy compared to low-power and low-criticality contexts. However, when faced with specific circumstances characterized by both high power and high criticality, actors tend to prioritize the integrating strategy initially, followed by the dominating and obliging strategies in that order. Notably, the statistical analysis revealed no significant interaction effect between criticality and power concerning the integrating, obliging and dominating conflict-handling strategies.

Originality/value

This study used an experimental approach to investigate criticality and power as contextual elements in determining conflict-handling strategies in an inter-firm environment within logistics service networks. This study is particularly groundbreaking in its knowledge of the relationship among power dynamics, conflict criticality and conflict-handling strategies.
Cultivating connectedness and elevating educational experiences for international students in blended learning: reflections from the pandemic era and key takeaways
Authors: He Ping , Edwards Judson Carter , Schwarte Ying
Published: January 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the significance of videoconferencing in blended learning, using the technology acceptance model to investigate students’ perceptions and its impact on course engagement, student satisfaction and future technology use intention. In addition, it examines the role of teacher support in fostering interactive virtual learning experiences.

Design/methodology/approach

This study focuses on a cohort of international students regarding blended courses amid the COVID-19 pandemic when the conventional face-to-face components were substituted with virtual classrooms through videoconferencing. It aims to investigate how to facilitate connectivity between Southeast Asian students and their professors located in a Southern state in the USA.

Findings

This study reveals that the perceived usefulness of videoconferencing predicts future intention to use, emphasizing the vital role of teacher support in engaging students in virtual classrooms and contributing to student satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications

The small sample of international students in blended courses with an American university during the COVID-19 pandemic may limit the generalization of the findings.

Practical implications

Videoconferencing can be a valuable tool to enhance connectedness in digital learning post pandemic.

Social implications

Videoconferencing in blended learning can bridge geographical barriers and provide access to diverse learners who might otherwise have limited educational opportunities.

Originality/value

This study supports the integration of videoconferencing as a mechanism for providing high-quality digital learning experiences.
The principal–agent problem and its mitigation: a critical historical analysis
Authors: Yan Tony , Hyman Michael R.
Published: January 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical historical analysis of the business (mis)behaviors and influencing factors that discourage enduring cooperation between principals and agents, to introduce strategies that embrace the social values, economic motivation and institutional designs historically adopted to curtail dishonest acts in international business and to inform an improved principal–agent theory that reflects principal–agent reciprocity as shaped by social, political, cultural, economic, strategic and ideological forces

Design/methodology/approach

The critical historical research method is used to analyze Chinese compradors and the foreign companies they served in pre-1949 China.

Findings

Business practitioners can extend orthodox principal–agent theory by scrutinizing the complex interactions between local agents and foreign companies. Instead of agents pursuing their economic interests exclusively, as posited by principal–agent theory, they also may pursue principal-shared interests (as suggested by stewardship theory) because of social norms and cultural values that can affect business-related choices and the social bonds built between principals and agents.

Research limitations/implications

The behaviors of compradors and foreign companies in pre-1949 China suggest international business practices for shaping social bonds between principals and agents and foreign principals’ creative efforts to enhance shared interests with local agents.

Practical implications

Understanding principal–agent theory’s limitations can help international management scholars and practitioners mitigate transaction partners’ dishonest acts.

Originality/value

A critical historical analysis of intermediary businesspeople’s (mis)behavior in pre-1949 (1840–1949) China can inform the generalizability of principal–agent theory and contemporary business strategies for minimizing agents’ dishonest acts.
How and when humble leadership influences employee adaptive performance? The roles of self-determination and employee attributions
Authors: Zhang Junting , Javaid Mudaser , Liao Shudi , Choi Myeongcheol , Kim Hann Earl
Published: January 2024

Purpose

The present study aimed to examine the relationship between humble leadership (HL) and employee adaptive performance by testing the mediating role of self-determination and the moderating role of employee attributions of HL.

Design/methodology/approach

A three-wave, two-source design was used to collect quantitative data from 301 employees and 45 direct supervisors of mainland Chinese enterprises. Testing the hypotheses was conducted through multiple regression analysis and moderated regression analysis.

Findings

Results showed that HL was positively related to employee adaptive performance. Additionally, the relationship between HL and employee adaptive performance was mediated by self-determination. Furthermore, this positive effect of HL on self-determination was minimized among employees who attribute HL to impression management motives but is insignificant for employees who attribute HL to performance improvement motives.

Originality/value

It has been widely concerned that the traditional “top-down” leadership styles are associated with employee adaptive performance; however, the role of bottom-up leadership styles on employee adaptive performance has only been sporadically examined. The present study introduced HL, a typical bottom-up leadership style and developed a moderated mediation model to investigate the potential effect of HL on employee adaptive performance. Moreover, by confirming the mediating role of self-determination, the authors further uncover how HL facilitates employees' adaptive performance. Meanwhile, the moderating role of employee attributions of HL found in this study offers new insights into the understanding of the effectiveness of HL.
Google Trends, bank popularity and depositors' fears in Indonesia
Authors: Saputro Nugroho , Pamungkas Putra , Trinugroho Irwan , Mahulette Yoshia Christian , Sergi Bruno Sergio , Thye Goh Lim
Published: January 2024

Purpose

This paper investigated whether a bank’s popularity and depositors' fear of Google search volume could affect bank deposits and credit.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used two different quarterly data from Google Trends and banking data from 2012 Q1 to 2020 Q1. Based on available data, Google Trends data start from 2012. The authors exclude data after 2020 Q1 because the Covid-19 pandemic arguably increased the volume of Internet users due to shifting behavior to online activities. They merged and cleaned the data by winsorizing at 5 and 95 percentiles to avoid any outlier problems, reaching 74 banks in the sample. They used panel data estimation of quarterly data following Levy-Yeyati et al. (2010) and Trinugroho et al. (2020).

Findings

The results show that a higher search volume of a bank’s name leads to higher deposits. A higher search volume of depositor fear reduces deposits and credit. The authors also found that banks with high risk and a high search volume of their name have a significantly lower volume of deposits.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, not many papers in banking and finance have used Google Trends data to gauge related issues regarding depositors' behavior. The authors have filled a gap in the literature by investigating whether the popularity of Google search and depositors' fear could impact deposits and credit. This study also attempted to establish whether Google Trends data could be a reliable source of information to predict depositors' behavior by using a Zscore to measure bank risk.
Innovation in finance: a bibliometric and content-analysis study
Authors: Firmansyah Egi Arvian , Masri Masairol , Anshari Muhammad , Besar Mohd Hairul Azrin
Published: January 2024

Purpose

Finance continuously evolves as the technological innovation progresses in the society. Numerous prior studies have discussed emerging financial services due to this innovation. However, limited scholarly work has evaluated the trends and state of the art of financial innovation. Therefore, this study aims to review recent literature on financial innovation by using a bibliometric and content-analysis approach.

Design/methodology/approach

Documents for this study are sampled from financial innovation, a journal focusing on recent innovations in finance. A total of 354 peer-reviewed articles published in eight years (2015–2022) are first examined and mapped using the bibliometrix package in RStudio software. Furthermore, content analysis was performed to investigate the adopted research methods and types, and produce directions for future studies.

Findings

The trend of financial innovation research kept increasing, with China as the leader in publication quantity, affiliation productivity and paper citation acquisition. Topics related to “FinTech,” “Bitcoin” and “Covid-19” have been the most discussed topics by financial innovation researchers. FinTech and Bitcoin studies are expected to grow in emerging countries like China, India and Pakistan. The study also indicates that most financial innovation studies use quantitative research methods and are categorized as empirical papers.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the finance literature by comprehensively evaluating current research on financial innovation using one specific journal in the field. Also, this study examines financial innovation literature using different approaches from previous bibliometric financial innovation studies.
Effects of climate and acidic deposition on interannual variations of stream water chemistry in forested watersheds in the Shimanto River Basin, southern Japan
Authors: Inagaki Yoshiyuki , Sakai Hisao , Shinomiya Yoshiki , Yoshinaga Shuichiro , Torii Atushi , Yamada Tsuyoshi , Noguchi Kyotaro , Morishita Tomoaki , Fujii Kazumichi
Published: January 2024

Although the amount of acidic deposition has recently decreased in Japan, it has still deteriorated some forest ecosystems during the past several decades. Moreover, recent climate changes can affect stream water chemistry. We investigated the temporal trend and effects of climate conditions on stream water chemistry for more than 20 years in two areas (Yusuhara and Taisho) in the Shmanto River Basin, southern Japan, where the effects of acidic deposition are considered to be modest. Stream water samples were collected monthly from three forest watersheds selected at each site. The annual means of the stream chemistry were predicted by multiple regression analysis. The ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations in the bulk precipitation have decreased at Yusuhara, and the sodium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations in the stream water have decreased in both areas. The nitrate and sulfate concentrations apparently responded to the decreasing input of acidic deposition. The sunlight hours were positively related with the potassium, magnesium, calcium, nitrate, sulfate, and bicarbonate concentrations in stream water. The results suggest that long sunlight hours boost the photosynthetic activities, thus promoting soil respiration and decomposition of soil organic matter. Moreover, a higher carbonic acid concentration in the soil solution promotes cation weathering and carbonic acid dissociation to bicarbonate. Given the decreasing trends in magnesium and calcium concentration with no change in bicarbonate concentration, we inferred that previousinputs of acidic deposition enhanced the rate of rock weathering.
The impacts of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on the Kenyan economy: Evidence from an economy‐wide model
Authors: Ndong Ntah Marcellin , Nechifor Victor , Ferrari Emanuele , Nandelenga Martin Wafula , Yalew Amsalu Woldie
Published: January 2024

Russia's invasion of Ukraine has disrupted the global supply chains of several globally traded commodities. The repercussions for many African countries are concerning. This study assesses the impact of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on the Kenyan economy using a computable general equilibrium model. The model is calibrated using a highly disaggregated social accounting matrix. The analysis particularly focuses on the impacts of changes in world prices for five major commodities of which Kenya is a net importer. The results show rising import price that adversely lowers Kenya's gross domestic product and household consumption. The macroeconomic impacts are particularly driven by the fertilizer and fuel commodity price changes. Activities producing agrifood commodities and providing services are highly affected. Rural households face a higher food consumer price index than their urban counterparts. Subsidizing fuel and fertilizer prices could dampen most of the adverse effects but would come at considerable fiscal costs. The government of Kenya should consider devising policies that strengthen intraregional trade, diversify import origins and improve agricultural productivity and energy efficiency.
HMW‐GSs 1Dx3+1Dy12 contribute to a suitable wheat gluten strength that confers superior Chinese steamed bread quality
Authors: Zhou Hongwei , Wang Xiaolong , Yang Yanning , Ban Jinfu , Guo Sihai , Song Tianqi , Zhang Shuangxing , Yu Yang , Guo Boli , Zhang Yingquan , Zhang Xiaoke
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of the high‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits (HMW‐GSs) 1Dx3+1Dy12 (3+12) and 1Dx4+1Dy12 (4+12) at the Glu‐D1 locus on gluten and Chinese steamed bread (CSB) quality. The grain protein content and composition, gluten content and gluten index, farinograph properties, and CSB quality were investigated using four wheat near‐isogenic lines (NILs) carrying HMW‐GSs 1Dx2+1Dy12 (2+12), 3+12, 4+12 and 1Dx5+1Dy10 (5+10), respectively. The unextractable polymeric protein (UPP) and glutenin macropolymer (GMP) content, gluten index, dough development time, stability time, and farinograph quality number of four NILs all ranked as 5+10 > 3+12 > 2+12/4+12, such as the gluten index ranked as 5+10(44.88%) > 3+12(40.07%) > 2+12(37.46%)/4+12(35.85%); however, their contributions to the quality of CSB were ranked as 3+12 > 5+10 > 2+12/4+12, such as the specific volume ranked as 3+12(2.64 mL/g) > 5+10(2.49 mL/g) > 2+12(2.36 mL/g)/4+12(2.35 mL/g), which indicated that a suitable gluten strength (3+12) was crucial to making high‐quality CSB. In addition, subunits 4+12 had a similar quality performance to low‐quality subunits 2+12. All these findings suggested that, except for the acknowledged high‐quality subunits 5+10, the introduction of 3+12 at the Glu‐D1 locus is an efficient way for quality improvement of gluten as well as CSB.
Characterization of yeast protein isolates extracted via high‐pressure homogenization and pH shift: A promising protein source enriched with essential amino acids and branched‐chain amino acids
Authors: Lee Suyoon , Kim Eunghee , Jo Myeongsu , Choi Young Jin
Published: January 2024

In the global food industry, plant‐based protein isolates are gaining prominence as an alternative to animal‐based counterparts. However, their nutritional value often falters due to insufficient essential amino acids. To address this issue, our study introduces a sustainable protein isolate derived from yeast cells, achieved through high‐pressure homogenization (HPH) and alkali pH‐shifting treatment. Subjected to HPH pressures ranging from 60 to 120 MPa and 1 to 10 cycles, higher pressure and cycle numbers resulted in enhanced disruption of yeast cells. Combining HPH with alkali pH‐shifting treatment significantly augmented protein extraction. Four cycles of HPH at 100 MPa yielded the optimized protein content, resulting in a yeast protein isolate (YPI) with 75.3 g protein per 100 g powder, including 30.0 g of essential amino acids and 18.4 g of branched‐chain amino acids per 100 g protein. YPI exhibited superior water and oil‐holding capacities compared to pea protein isolate, whey protein isolate (WPI), and soy protein isolate. Although YPI exhibited lower emulsifying ability than WPI, it excelled in stabilizing protein‐stabilized emulsions. For foaming, YPI outperformed others in both foaming ability and stabilizing protein‐based foam. In conclusion, YPI surpasses numerous plant‐based protein alternatives in essential amino acids and branched‐chain amino acids contents, positioning it as an excellent candidate for widespread utilization as a sustainable protein source in the food industry, owing to its exceptional nutritional advantages, as well as emulsifying and foaming properties.

Practical Application

This study introduces a sustainable protein isolate derived from yeast cells. YPI exhibited considerable promise as a protein source. Nutritionally, YPI notably surpassed plant‐based protein isolates in EAA and BCAA contents. Functionally, YPI demonstrated superior water‐holding and oil‐holding capacities, as well as an effective emulsion and foam stabilizer.
Emergency services utilization by patients with alcohol‐associated hepatitis: An analysis of national trends
Authors: Sengupta Shreya , Anand Akhil , Lopez Rocio , Weleff Jeremy , Wang Philip R. , Bellar Annette , Attaway Amy , Welch Nicole , Dasarathy Srinivasan
Published: January 2024

Background

Hospitalization and mortality in patients with alcohol‐associated hepatitis (AH), a severe form of liver disease, continue to increase over time. Given the severity of the illness, most hospitalized patients with AH are admitted from the emergency department (ED). However, there are no data on ED utilization by patients with AH. Thus, the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) dataset was analyzed to determine the ED utilization for AH.

Methods

Temporal trends (2016–2019) and outcomes of ED visits for AH were determined. Primary or secondary AH diagnoses were based on coding priority. Numbers of patients evaluated in the ED, severity of disease, complications of liver disease, and discharge disposition were analyzed. Crude and adjusted rates were examined, and temporal trends evaluated using logistic regression with orthogonal polynomial contrasts for each year.

Results

There were 466,014,370 ED visits during 2016–2019, of which 448,984 (0.096%) were for AH, 85.0% of which required hospitalization. The rate of visits for AH (primary and secondary) between 2016 and 2019 increased from 85 to 106.8/100,000 ED visits. The rate of secondary AH increased more than the rate of primary AH (from 68.6 to 86.5 vs. from 16.4 to 20.3/100,000 ED visits). Patients aged 45–64 years had the highest rate of ED visits for AH, which decreased during the study period, while the rate of ED visits for AH increased in those aged 25–44 years (from 38.5% to 42.9%). The severity of disease (ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and acute kidney injury) also increased over time. Medicaid and private insurance were the most common payors for patients seeking care in the ED for AH.

Conclusions

Temporal trends show an overall increase in ED utilization rates for AH, more patients requiring hospitalization, and an increase in the proportion of younger patients presenting to the ED with AH.
Endorsing Annexation? The Whitlam Government's De Jure Recognition of the Soviet Baltic States
Authors: Seeberg‐Gordon Jesse
Published: January 2024

In August 1974, the Australian Labor Party Government under Prime Minister Gough Whitlam announced it had recognised the incorporation of the Baltic states into the Soviet Union de jure. Historical writing around this diplomatic recognition is scarce and sheds little light on why the policy was enacted. Using previously unavailable archival evidence, as well as other sources including testimony from Government and public service workers, this article demonstrates that the recognition was induced primarily by Whitlam, the Department of Foreign Affairs, and Sir James Plimsoll, Australia's ambassador to the Soviet Union. These actors were motivated by varying considerations. These included an adherence to realist foreign policy principles, concerns regarding Australian–Soviet bi‐lateral relations, convictions around the legitimacy of Baltic self‐determination, and ethnic prejudice against Australians of Baltic descent.
Integrated gut metabolome and microbiome fingerprinting reveals that dysbiosis precedes allergic inflammation in IgE‐mediated pediatric cow's milk allergy
Authors: De Paepe Ellen , Plekhova Vera , Vangeenderhuysen Pablo , Baeck Nele , Bullens Dominique , Claeys Tania , De Graeve Marilyn , Kamoen Kristien , Notebaert Anneleen , Van de Wiele Tom , Van Den Broeck Wim , Vanlede Koen , Van Winckel Myriam , Vereecke Lars , Elliott Chris , Cox Eric , Vanhaecke Lynn
Published: January 2024

Background

IgE‐mediated cow's milk allergy (IgE‐CMA) is one of the first allergies to arise in early childhood and may result from exposure to various milk allergens, of which β‐lactoglobulin (BLG) and casein are the most important. Understanding the underlying mechanisms behind IgE‐CMA is imperative for the discovery of novel biomarkers and the design of innovative treatment and prevention strategies.

Methods

We report a longitudinal in vivo murine model, in which two mice strains (BALB/c and C57Bl/6) were sensitized to BLG using either cholera toxin or an oil emulsion (n = 6 per group). After sensitization, mice were challenged orally, their clinical signs monitored, antibody (IgE and IgG1) and cytokine levels (IL‐4 and IFN‐γ) measured, and fecal samples subjected to metabolomics. The results of the murine models were further extrapolated to fecal microbiome‐metabolome data from our population of IgE‐CMA (n = 22) and healthy (n = 23) children (Trial: NCT04249973), on which polar metabolomics, lipidomics and 16S rRNA metasequencing were performed. In vitro gastrointestinal digestions and multi‐omics corroborated the microbial origin of proposed metabolic changes.

Results

During mice sensitization, we observed multiple microbially derived metabolic alterations, most importantly bile acid, energy and tryptophan metabolites, that preceded allergic inflammation. We confirmed microbial dysbiosis, and its associated effect on metabolic alterations in our patient cohort, through in vitro digestions and multi‐omics, which was accompanied by metabolic signatures of low‐grade inflammation.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that gut dysbiosis precedes allergic inflammation and nurtures a chronic low‐grade inflammation in children on elimination diets, opening important new opportunities for future prevention and treatment strategies.
Hildaland, or bringing the ice: Reflections on missing persons, Intermittent Islands, and the ethnography of uncertain presence
Authors: McLean Stuart
Published: January 2024

Taking its cue from the loss (more precisely, the disappearance) of a close friend and sometime collaborator, and drawing on my long‐term fieldwork on an experimental arts festival held annually in the Orkney Islands, this essay reflects on the challenges of documenting uncertain or intermittent presence, as well as the possibilities the latter affords for unsettling and expanding received conceptions of identity, place, and belonging, especially in a political moment in which these are being defined in increasingly narrow and exclusionary terms. Bringing ethnography and autoethnography into dialogue with literature, visual arts, and oral storytelling, it suggests that anthropology can most effectively respond to the challenges of the present by acknowledging that it is, inescapably, a creative as much as a descriptive practice.