bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Programming based Drag Model with Improved Prediction Accuracy for Fluidization Systems
Authors: Sonolikar R. R. , Patil M. P. , Mankar R. B. , Tambe S. S. , Kulkarni B. D.
Published: January 2017

The drag coefficient plays a vital role in the modeling of gas-solid flows. Its knowledge is essential for understanding the momentum exchange between the gas and solid phases of a fluidization system, and correctly predicting the related hydrodynamics. There exists a number of models for predicting the magnitude of the drag coefficient. However, their major limitation is that they predict widely differing drag coefficient values over same parameter ranges. The parameter ranges over which models possess a good drag prediction accuracy are also not specified explicitly. Accordingly, the present investigation employs Geldart’s group B particles fluidization data from various studies covering wide ranges of Re and εs
to propose a new unified drag coefficient model. A novel artificial intelligence based formalism namely genetic programming (GP) has been used to obtain this model. It is developed using the pressure drop approach, and its performance has been assessed rigorously for predicting the bed height, pressure drop, and solid volume fraction at different magnitudes of Reynolds number, by simulating a 3D bubbling fluidized bed. The new drag model has been found to possess better prediction accuracy and applicability over a much wider range of Re and εs
than a number of existing models. Owing to the superior performance of the new drag model, it has a potential to gainfully replace the existing drag models in predicting the hydrodynamic behavior of fluidized beds.
Ethnopharmacological investigation of the aerial part of Phragmites karka (Poaceae)
Authors: Sultan Ramiz Ahmed , Kabir Mohammad Shah Hafez , Uddin Mir Muhammad Nasir , Uddin Mohi , Mahmud Zobaer Al , Raihan Sheikh Zahir , Qais Nazmul
Published: January 2017

Background:

In this ethnopharmacological study, methanolic extract of the aerial plant parts of Phragmites karka (Family: Poaceae) and its petroleum ether and carbon tetrachloride fractions were investigated for bioactivities in Swiss-albino mice, namely, analgesic, central nervous system (CNS) depressant, hypoglycemic, and antidiarrheal activity.

Methods:

The cold methanolic extract of the aerial plant parts of Phragmites karka (MEPK) was first prepared, and it was then further fractionated as petroleum ether (PEFMEPK) and carbon tetrachloride (CTFMEPK) fractions. Analgesic activity was performed employing acidic acid-induced writhing test, central analgesic effect by radiant heat tail-flick method. CNS depressant activity was evaluated by phenobarbitone-induced sleeping time test. Hypoglycemic activity was tested by glucose tolerance test (GTT). Antidiarrheal activity was evaluated by castor oil-induced diarrhea method. For all in vivo tests, doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight were used.

Results:

In the mice model, the MEPK, PEFMEPK, and CTFMEPK fractions showed significant peripheral analgesic activity at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight with percentage of inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing 77.67 (p<0.001), 33.50 (p<0.001), and 40.29 (p<0.001), respectively, compared to the standard dichlofenac (60.68%, p<0.001) group. The hypoglycemic properties of MEPK, PEFMEPK, and CTFMEPK extracts were evaluated in normoglycemic mice where the reduction of blood glucose level after 30 min of glucose load were 69.85%, 78.91%, and 72.73%, respectively, and for standard glibenclamide, the reduction was 72.85%. All results were significant (p<0.05). In the case of the CNS depressant activity by phenobarbitone-induced sleeping time test, the crude ME significantly reduced sleep latency by 57.14% and increased the duration of sleep by 63.29% compared to the control, which were comparable to that of standard diazepam (65.71% and 77.62%, respectively). Among all the extract and fractions, methanolic extract showed the maximum antidiarrheal effect. The methanolic extract at 200 mg/kg dose induced a significant decrease in the total number of defecation in 4 h (69.05% of inhibition, p<0.001) and at 400 mg/kg dose showed 76.19% of inhibition (p<0.001).

Conclusions:

In light of the available literature, these findings represent the first experimental investigation of biological activities of P. karka in the perspective of their traditional use.
Strength of the Shoulder Rotators in Second-League Volleyball Players
Authors: Popieluch Aneta , Staniszewski Michał , Wychowański Michał
Published: January 2017

Introduction.
The main aim of the study was to assess the strength of the shoulder rotator muscles of a group of second-league volleyball players. These muscles are assumed to have a crucial impact on attack effectiveness in volleyball. Strength was assessed based on peak torque values obtained for the rotator muscles measured using the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) method. Torque was measured in both limbs and the differences between the two limbs were examined. The torque values obtained for the volleyball players were also compared against those measured in a group of students who had never trained any sports.

Material and methods.
The study involved 20 students (mean age = 20 ± 1 years) who played in the second league when the study was conducted. Their results were compared with those of a control group consisting of 30 students (mean age = 20 ± 1 years) who had not trained any sports. Peak torque of the shoulder rotator muscles was measured during external and internal rotation of the shoulder in isometric conditions. The assessment was performed on a special measuring station with the forearm in a vertical and horizontal position. The following basic statistics were calculated for the torque values obtained in the measurement: the mean, standard deviation, minimum value, and maximum value. The data were then subjected to statistical testing.

Results.
Compared to the students, the volleyball players had higher torque values of the internal and external rotators of the right and left shoulders, in both positions of the forearm. When the results obtained for the right and left limbs were compared for the group of volleyball players, it was found that the torque values for the right limb, which was the dominant limb, were significantly higher than those recorded for the left limb. The study also showed that the position of the forearm had an impact on torque values: when the forearm was in a horizontal position, higher mean values were obtained for the external rotators of the right (p < 0.05) and left (p < 0.01) limbs, and when it was in a vertical one, the internal rotators were stronger compared to the external rotators.

Conclusions.
The shoulder rotator muscles of the volleyball players were found to be considerably stronger than those of the students, and the rotators of the dominant limb were significantly stronger than those of the non-dominant limb in the group of volleyball players. The position of the forearm had a considerable impact on the strength of the internal and external rotator muscles. The maximal voluntary contraction method used in the study can be helpful in measuring the strength of the shoulder rotator muscles in any phase of the training process.
Religiös-spirituelle Dimension bei psychischen Krankheiten – Depression: positive und negative Auswirkungen religiösen Erlebens
Authors: Reischies Friedel M.
Published: January 2017

Religiosität wird als Schutzfaktor gegen Depression dargestellt. Es gibt positive religiöse Einflüsse wie positive Bewältigungsmechanismen der Depression und religiöse Mechanismen der Resilienz gegen ein Auftreten einer Depression. Es gibt aber auch negative religiöse Erlebnisse. Das zweischneidige Schwert der Religion bei der Depression wird in den Vordergrund gestellt. In der Zukunft ist die Rolle der Religiosität in der Psychiatrie der Depression mehr zu beachten. Die Art religiösen Erlebens des Patienten sollte diagnostisch wahrgenommen und berücksichtigt werden, vor allem jedoch auch in der Psychotherapie. Besonders gilt dies für die negativen religiösen Erlebensweisen.
The earliest Western talk analysis?: Ptahhotep’s Instructions
Authors: Mulholland Joan
Published: January 2017

This paper examines perhaps the earliest developed analysis of talk interactionin the Western world, the Ancient Egyptian
Public discourse syndrome: Reformulating for clarity
Authors: Skopal Dana P. , Herke Maria
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this article is to provide insights into the processes of public discourse and how information can be reformulated for public consumption. The article draws on data from readability research of public information documents conducted in Australia. Public information documents need to be understood by members of the public and a lexicogrammatical analysis, centred on a Theme and Rheme analysis, provides a platform through which readability, or a text’s coherence, can be further examined. The readability data combined with text analyses demonstrate readers’ preferences for clearer Theme structures and coherent development of information within the Rheme. The analysis highlights the functional differences between a text-section judged as difficult-to-read and a text-section preferred by the reader-participants, providing insights into the requirements for achieving clearer public discourse.
Hydrogen and Carbon Vapour Pressure Isotope Effects in Liquid Fluoroform Studied by Density Functional Theory
Authors: Oi Takao , Mitome Ryota , Yanase Satoshi
Published: January 2017

H/D and 12C/13C vapour pressure isotope effects (VPIEs) in liquid fluoroform (CHF3) were studied at the MPW1PW91/6-31 ++ G(d) level of theory. The CHF3 monomer and CHF3 molecules surrounded by other CHF3 molecules in every direction in CHF3 clusters were used as model molecules of vapour and liquid CHF3. Although experimental results in which the vapour pressure of liquid 12CHF3 is higher than that of liquid 12CDF3 and the vapour pressure of liquid 13CHF3 is higher than that of liquid 12CHF3 between 125 and 212 K were qualitatively reproduced, the present calculations overestimated the H/D VPIE and underestimated the 12C/13C VPIE. Temperature-dependent intermolecular interactions between hydrogen and fluorine atoms of neighbouring molecules were required to explain the temperature dependences of both H/D and 12C/13C VPIEs.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Sanatorium Treatment Resulting in the Decrease of Pain of the Lumbar Spine
Authors: Antczak Anna , Haor Beata , Królikowska Agnieszka , Jabłońska Renata
Published: January 2017

Introduction. Today, lumbar spine pain is a global problem, as one of the most common health problems in developing countries, including in Poland. One of the main problems of patients with back pain syndromes in the lumbar spine is pain. This disease may be classified as a direct cause of the limitation of physical, social, and professional activities.Aim. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of sanatorium treatment on the reduction of pain occurring in the pain syndromes of the lumbar spine.Material and Methods. The survey was conducted among 300 (100%) randomly selected patients, aged from 35 to 65 years. The study was conducted in sanatorium “The Wieniec-Zdrój spa”. The severity of pain in patients with diagnosed pain syndrome of lumbar spine was studied in two stages prior to and following sanatorium treatment using the Oswestry Disability Index Questionnaire. The tests were carried out after obtaining the approval of the Bioethics Committee of Kuyavian-Pomeranian Regional Medical Chamber in Torun (34/KB/2013) and the Medical Director of the institution where the study was conducted.Results. Analysis of selected components of the Oswestry Questionnaire for comparing the efficiency of patients before and after treatment allows for the assessment of pain intensity. Taking into account the intensity of pain and the use of painkillers it can be determined that after sanatorium treatment because of minor pain patients do not have to take pain medication 89 respondents (30%), 38 patients fewer. The surveyed also responded that painkillers completely/partially remove the pain more than twice as often after treatment.Conclusions. Sanatorium treatment affected pain in the lumbar spine. After therapy the pain decreased. The respondents stated that after the therapy applied, painkillers partially or completely removed the occurring pain. (JNNN 2016;5(3):99–103)
A Non-Typical Course of the Disease and Some Problems of Care of a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis, after a Skin Transplant — A Case Report
Authors: Adamczyk Małgorzata
Published: January 2017

Introduction. Throughout the year in the department of internal diseases in Kolo there were treated several patients with multiple sclerosis. Their care was directed towards preventions from complications resulting from immobilization and treatment of already existing ones.Aim. The aim of this study was to describe some nursing problems with a patient suffering from multiple sclerosis after skin transplant and nursing interventions.Case Report. The study was conducted with the participation of a 39-year — old woman diagnosed with the disease in 2008. The case study was the method applied in this research. Research techniques included an open interview and the analysis of documents. As a research tool the worksheet for collecting data on the patient was used.Discussion. Total physical dependence of a person with MS is compensated by the support from the staff and the family. Anxiety is possible to overcome in the presence of family.Conclusions. The presence of the infection of multiple sclerosis causes a disease. Depression is an unfavorable factor for recovery. Appropriate nursing care and the use of special dressings contribute significantly to the process of decubitus wounds healing. The process of rehabilitation of the patient proceeds more smoothly in the presence of immediate family. (JNNN 2016;5(3):109–116)
Vividness of Visual Imagery Depends on the Neural Overlap with Perception in Visual Areas
Authors: Dijkstra Nadine , Bosch Sander E. , van Gerven Marcel A.J.
Published: January 2017

Research into the neural correlates of individual differences in imagery vividness point to an important role of the early visual cortex. However, there is also great fluctuation of vividness within individuals, such that only looking at differences between people necessarily obscures the picture. In this study, we show that variation in moment-to-moment experienced vividness of visual imagery, within human subjects, depends on the activity of a large network of brain areas, including frontal, parietal, and visual areas. Furthermore, using a novel multivariate analysis technique, we show that the neural overlap between imagery and perception in the entire visual system correlates with experienced imagery vividness. This shows that the neural basis of imagery vividness is much more complicated than studies of individual differences seemed to suggest.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTVisual imagery is the ability to visualize objects that are not in our direct line of sight: something that is important for memory, spatial reasoning, and many other tasks. It is known that the better people are at visual imagery, the better they can perform these tasks. However, the neural correlates of moment-to-moment variation in visual imagery remain unclear. In this study, we show that the more the neural response during imagery is similar to the neural response during perception, the more vivid or perception-like the imagery experience is.
A novel embryo culture media supplement that improves pregnancy rates in mice
Authors: Highet A R , Bianco-Miotto T , Pringle K G , Peura A , Bent S , Zhang J , Nottle M B , Thompson J G , Roberts C T
Published: January 2017

The preimplantation embryoinvivois exposed to numerous growth factors in the female reproductive tract, which are not recapitulated in embryo culture mediain vitro. The IGF2 and plasminogen activator systems facilitate blastocyst development. We hypothesized that the addition of IGF2 in combination with urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen could improve rates of blastocyst hatching and implantation in mice. B6BcF1 and CBAB6F2 mouse embryos were divided into one of four supplemented culture media treatment groups: (1) control (media only); (2) 12.5 nM IGF2; (3) 10 µg/mL uPA and 5 µg/mL plasminogen; or (4) a combination of IGF2, uPA and plasminogen treatments. Embryo development to blastocyst stage and hatching were assessed before transfer to pseudopregnant recipient females and implantation, pregnancy rates and postnatal growth were assessed. After 90.5 h of culture, IGF2 + U + P treatment increased the percentage of B6BcF1 embryos that were hatching/hatched and percentage developing to blastocyst stage compared with controls (P < 0.02). Following B6BcF1 embryo transfer, IGF2 + U + P treatment increased implantation sites at day 8 of pregnancy compared with controls (P < 0.05). Replication in the CBAB6F2 mouse strain showed significant improvements in pregnancy rates at days 8 and 18 but not in blastocyst development. No adverse effects were seen on gestational age, litter size or birthweight, or the reproductive capacity of offspring of IGF2 + U + P treated embryos. For embryos susceptible to detrimental effects ofin vitroculture, IGF2, uPA and plasminogen supplementation of culture media can improve pregnancy success, but the effect of treatment is dependent on the mouse strain.
Jóvenes universitarios interactuando en red: tres contextos, tres miradas
Authors: López González Rocío , González Lizárraga Guadalupe , Ortiz Henderson Gladys
Published: January 2017

Este artículo presenta resultados del proyecto “Jóvenes y cultura digital. Nuevos escenarios de interacción social” realizado en el marco del Programa de Investigación de Ciencia Básica SEP-CONACYT (CB 2012/178329), el cual tuvo como propósito generar información acerca del uso que le dan los jóvenes mexicanos a las redes sociales digitales, desde una mirada interdisciplinaria, ya que en ella confluyen las miras de comunicólogos, pedagogos, antropólogos y latinoamericanistas. Los resultados indican que a pesar de provenir de contextos diferentes los jóvenes comparten diversos elementos que los caracterizan: las actitudes que tienen al navegar en Internet, el tipo de redes sociales digitales que emplean los estudiantes; las actividades y temas asociados a su uso; los niveles de interacción; las autopercepciones que tienen sobre éstas. No obstante, existen ciertas particularidades que los diferencian. Cabe enfatizar que el interés central de este artículo es reflexionar sobre la importancia de conocer a las y los jóvenes estudiantes contemporáneos que transitan por las universidades en la era de la cultura digital. Se considera que este análisis brinda diversas líneas de trabajo para futuras investigaciones.
Teatro do Oprimido e comunicação das subalternas
Authors: Campoi García Comba
Published: January 2017

Na década de 1970 o dramaturgo brasileiro Augusto Boal desenvolveu uma teoria teatral a partir das suas experiências de teatro militante. Contrariamente ás formas de teatro político dirigidas "para" as comunidades oprimidas, Boal defendia dar aos sujeitos oprimidos o protagonismo no processo de criação. A partir das ideias de Paulo Freire, Boal desconstrói a figura de atores e espetadores: a emissão e recepção da mensagem teatral são partilhadas pelo colectivo, protagonista completo do processo.A experiência e as ideias de Boal, seguidas hoje por numerosos colectivos em todo o mundo, servem para defender a potência do teatro como meio de comunicação das subalternas, um meio no que a situação e os corpos dos participantes constituem o único instrumento necessário para a transmissão da mensagem.A partir da discussão da noção da subalternidade, o artigo questiona a viabilidade atual do sistema do Teatro do Oprimido, a começar pela sua própria denominação, substituída pela de teatro das oprimidas pelos próprios sujeitos envolvidos no processo comunicativo.
Entre competencia y cooperación. La guerra no declarada entre las cinematografías iberoamericanas (1930 – 1980)
Authors: Peredo Castro Francisco Martín
Published: January 2017

Las relaciones entre las cinematografías argentina, española y mexicana, a partir de su real existencia como industrias por la sonorización del cine, nunca fueron fáciles. Su florecimiento generó primero una gran rivalidad comercial, y después, durante la segunda guerra mundial y la posguerra, una auténtica "guerra". Información de archivos diplomáticos y gubernamentales, mexicanos y estadounidenses, así como la difundida en la prensa, demuestra cuánto aquel conflicto propició un contexto que debilitó a estas industrias frente al verdadero enemigo común de todas, Hollywood, que capitalizó en su favor aquel divisionismo. Conocer esta historia permite saber sobre los antecedentes de una colaboración que fue todo menos amistosa, y que se hizo para zanjar diferendos en los que la retención de fondos, el cierre de circuitos de exhibición, las censuras y la animadversión cancelaron lo que pudo ser un gran entendimiento y enriquecimiento fílmico iberoamericano basado en real colaboración.
Determining the Relation between the Business Environment and Companies Solvency Factors in the Post – crisis Period
Authors: Kiyak Deimena , Pranckevičiūtė Linara
Published: January 2017

In scientific literature, there aren’t clearly enough formulated reasons behind causing the solvency component elements changes that would help all companies to prepare for possible insolvency changes. Methods of analysis evaluate following variables: corporate income flows, liabilities amounts, short-term and long-term changes in assets, capital amount, their relative indicators. However, little attention is given to external environmental factors affecting the development of these indicators. The aim of this research is to establish the impact of business environmental factors for companies’ solvency indicators. The business environmental impact assessment seeks to determine just the external – macroeconomic business environment influence for companies’ solvency changes. After identifying the key changes of business environment factors and basic companies’ solvency trends, variables were calculated the dependency was expressed in Pearson correlation coefficients. The evaluation of environmental factors, the main solvency indicators in the sector of warehousing and transport services companies and of the correlation relation determined a statistically significant relationship between companies’ solvency and gross domestic product, inflation, the tax burden, shadow economy, corruption control, number of companies in the sector and interest rate changes. The study identified following dependencies: interest rates, the growth of inflation reduces the debt-to equity ratio, the decrease of the extent of shadow economy and the growth of corruption control increases companies’ debt ratio value, an increased number of companies reduces companies’ debt ratio values. The received statistical relationships and their evaluation of the reliability confirmed the study hypothesis about the statistical significance of the business environment economic factor effect for companies’ solvency changes.
A Quality Improvement Project to Decrease Human Milk Errors in the NICU
Authors: Oza-Frank Reena , Kachoria Rashmi , Dail James , Green Jasmine , Walls Krista , McClead Richard E.
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUD AND OBJECTIVE

Ensuring safe human milk in the NICU is a complex process with many potential points for error, of which one of the most serious is administration of the wrong milk to the wrong infant. Our objective was to describe a quality improvement initiative that was associated with a reduction in human milk administration errors identified over a 6-year period in a typical, large NICU setting.

METHODS:

We employed a quasi-experimental time series quality improvement initiative by using tools from the model for improvement, Six Sigma methodology, and evidence-based interventions. Scanned errors were identified from the human milk barcode medication administration system. Scanned errors of interest were wrong-milk-to-wrong-infant, expired-milk, or preparation errors. The scanned error rate and the impact of additional improvement interventions from 2009 to 2015 were monitored by using statistical process control charts.

RESULTS:

From 2009 to 2015, the total number of errors scanned declined from 97.1 per 1000 bottles to 10.8. Specifically, the number of expired milk error scans declined from 84.0 per 1000 bottles to 8.9. The number of preparation errors (4.8 per 1000 bottles to 2.2) and wrong-milk-to-wrong-infant errors scanned (8.3 per 1000 bottles to 2.0) also declined.

CONCLUSIONS:

By reducing the number of errors scanned, the number of opportunities for errors also decreased. Interventions that likely had the greatest impact on reducing the number of scanned errors included installation of bedside (versus centralized) scanners and dedicated staff to handle milk.
Representasi (Eksternal-Internal) pada Penyelesaian Masalah Matematika
Authors: Faruq Achmad , Yuwono Ipung , Chandra Tjang Daniel
Published: January 2017

This study aimed to describe the pictorial and schematic representations of student understanding. The subjects were 31 students of grade VIII. The results of this study is two pictorial representations (right and wrong) and two schematic representation (right and wrong). Representation understanding of student described as follows: translational stage, students read the word problem to identify relational statements and quantity, then he transforms the mathematical idea into another form that is more easily understood. Integration stage, students identifying relational relationships between mathematical ideas to be organized into a scheme or image. Solution stage, students devise a solution based on the scheme or image that was created, and then perform calculations and check the answer.
Representasi Matematis pada Pemecahan Word Problem Perbandingan Inkonsisten
Authors: Muttaqien Anwar
Published: January 2017

Word problems solving involves the ability of translating and integrating word problem text. Many students get the difficulty in solving word problem due to their inability to translate and integrate word problem text into an exact representation. Representation is divided into two types namely, pictorial representation and schematic representation. This study aims at describing representation process employed by the 10th grade of High School students on word problem solving of inconsistent comparison. This research was done to 5 students and in this article have 3 subjects. The results of this study infine other representation. There are three mathematical representation of students in solving word problems comparison inconsistent: (1) pictorial representations, (2) schematic representation, and (3) pictorial-schematic representation.
Fruit yield and composition in orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' in response to nitrogen fertilization in Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil
Authors: Brunetto Gustavo ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil, Cella Cesar , Miotto Alcione , Girotto Eduardo , Lorensini Felipe , Brackmann Auri , Ceretta Carlos Alberto , Schorr Márcio Renan Weber , Both Vanderlei , Ambrosini Vítor Gabriel ,   Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil,   Associação Riograndense de Empreendimentos de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural, Brasil,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT: Little is known about the impact of N fertilization on fruit production and composition in orange groves grown in soils with low or medium organic matter content in Rio Grande do Sul (RS). This study aimed to evaluate how N fertilization of orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' in a sandy soil may interfere in fruit yield and composition of fruit and juice. The experiment was conducted with orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' growing in Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil, in Rosário do Sul (RS). The plants received applications of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160kg N ha-1. Total N in leaves, number of fruits per plant, yield, fresh weight, fruit diameter, peel thickness, percentage of fruit juice, peel color, juice color, ascorbic acid content, total soluble solids (TSS) and total titratable acidity were evaluated in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 crops. In the first crop, especially yield, number of fruits per plant, TSS content in fruit juice and ratio decreased with increasing N rate applied. However, in the second crop, the total titratable acidity of the fruit juice prominently increased with the dose of N applied. In both crops, results were highly influenced by rainfall distribution, which affect the plant physiology, soil N dynamics and, consequently, probability of response to N applied and the loss of mineral N in the soil.
Substrate in the emergence and initial growth of seedlings of Caesalpinia pulcherrima
Authors: Alves Magnólia Martins ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB),  Brazil, Alves Edna Ursulino , Araújo Luciana Rodrigues de , Lima Maria de Lourdes dos Santos ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB),  Brazil
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT: Caesalpinia pulcherrima is an exotic species belongs to the Fabaceae family commonly known as flamboyant-mirim, and widely used for urban forestry. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different substrates on the emergence and early seedlings growth of C. pulcherrima . The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse belonging to the Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. The experimental design was completely randomized and treatments had 14 substrates: sand, vegetable soil, vermiculite, wood dust, carbonized rice straw, vegetable soil + sand 1:1, sand + wood dust 1:1, sand + carbonized rice straw 1:1, earth + wood dust 1:1, vegetable soil + carbonized rice straw 1:1, vermiculite + sand 1:1, vermiculite + wood dust 1:1, vermiculite + earth 1:1 and vermiculite + carbonized rice straw 1:1. Evaluation of the effect of the treatments was through the following determinations: percentage of emergency, first count, index of germination speed, length and dry weight of roots and shoots. The vermiculite, vegetable soil + sand 1:1, vermiculite + sand 1:1, vermiculite + saw dust 1:1, are suitable for emergence and early growth of seedlings of Caesalpinia pulcherrima . Substrates saw dust and carbonized rice straw were responsible for the worst performers on emergence and seedling development.
Temporal dynamics of a fish community in the lower portion of a tidal creek, Pando sub-estuarine system, Uruguay
Authors: Gurdek Rodrigo ,   Universidad de la República,  Uruguay, Acuña-Plavan Alicia
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Estuaries are highly dynamic ecosystems subjected to variability of their fish communities over different time scales. The nearshore fish community of the lower Pando estuary, a temperate sub-system of the Río de la Plata estuary, was sampled from May 2002 to June 2003. A total of 2,165 fishes, represented by 16 species were caught by seine netting. Captures were dominated by juveniles (>90%), as well as by the sciaenid Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823) (82.8%). The fish community showed high seasonal variability, with the greatest diversity and biomass in summer and spring and the highest species richness during summer. Lowest values of all community parameters occurred in winter and autumn, seasons that presented the highest similarity in fish composition. Number of species was correlated with water temperature and salinity. The ichthyofaunal composition showed significant diel differences in summer and spring. Diel changes were observed in the density of M. furnieri and Odontesthes argentinensis (Valenciennes, 1835), occurring mainly during the day, and of Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836, Parapimelodus valenciennis (Lütken, 1874) and Brevoortia aurea (Spix & Agassiz, 1829), caught mostly during the night. Temporal variability was attributed to environmental fluctuations, life cycle of species as well as to feeding patterns and small-scale displacements. Presented findings in the Pando sub-estuary denote similar juvenile use and seasonal patterns to those found in estuaries. Further studies in the nursery function and juvenile dynamics over the year are recommended in order to better understand the ecological role of sub-estuaries.
Taxonomic groups with lower movement capacity may present higher beta diversity
Authors: Silva Vinícius X. da ,   Universidade Federal de Alfenas,  Brazil, Sacramento Mario , Hasui Érica , Cunha Rogério G. T. da , Ramos Flavio N. ,   Estação de Hidrobiologia e Piscicultura de Furnas,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Diversity analysis by partition is an approach employed in order to understand how communities spatially structure themselves and the factors that operate in the generation and maintenance of distribution patterns. We examined the spatial structure of species diversity of four taxonomic groups, with different dispersal abilities, in 16 forest fragments in the southern region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Specifically, we tested: i) if the similarity in species composition would be negatively related to geographical distance between the 16 fragments; and ii) if the beta diversity of the different groups could be negatively related to their dispersal abilities. Alpha diversity and the compositional similarity between localities were both low. Beta diversity was not correlated with distance for any of the groups. Primates, followed by birds, showed a higher tendency of forming similarity groupings, although in a manner that was independent from distance between fragments, as well as showed the lowest beta diversity relative values. Spermatophytes and amphibians did not define groupings and presented the highest values of beta diversity. We interpreted such results as indications that the groups with higher dispersal ability (primates and birds) tend to reach, on average, farther localities and, therefore, to define more similar groupings (low beta diversity). The groups with lower dispersal ability (spermatophytes and amphibians) showed the opposite tendency. Although most of the species were restricted to few localities, contributing to the low similarity, beta and gamma diversity values showed the extent which the localities are, respectively, different and complementary to each other in terms of species composition. Such features reinforce and justify future conservation initiatives, both in local and regional levels.
Distribution, feeding and ecomorphology of four species of Auchenipteridae (Teleostei: Siluriformes) in Eastern Amazonia, Brazil
Authors: Freitas Tiago M. S. ,   Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil, Montag Luciano F. A. , Barthem Ronaldo B. ,   Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil,   Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Brazil
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Fish exhibit morphological, physiological and behavioral specializations which enable them to display different ways to explore the environments and resources. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify how four Auchenipteridae species differ in the distribution, feeding habits and morphological traits: Auchenipterichthys longimanus (Günther, 1864), Auchenipterus nuchalis (Spix & Agassiz, 1829), Tatia intermedia (Steindachner, 1877) and Trachelyopterus galeatus (Linnaeus, 1766). This study was conducted in rivers and bays of the Anapú Basin, Pará State (Brazil), where these species are abundant. Specimens were collected using gillnets, and after caught the stomachs were removed for the contents analyzes. Eighteen morphometric measurements from ten adult specimens of each species were taken, combined into fifteen ecomorphological attributes. The species distribution showed that A. longimanus was restricted to rivers, while the others were exclusively caught in the bays. All four species had their diet composed of allochthonous insects, but A. longimanus also exhibited a great frugivorous habit. The most important ecomorphological attributes were relative to the consumption of larger food items (for A. longimanus and T. galeatus) and to the longer swimming capacity (for A. longimanus and T. intermedia). These morphological differences and the trophic diversity presented in this study highlighted some important information about how ecomorphological similar species behave and share resources, which may play a significant role on the coexistence of these species in the Anapú Basin.
A geometric morphometric study of sex differences in the scapula, humerus and ulna of Chaetophractus villosus (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae)
Authors: Acuña Francisco ,   Universidad Nacional del Sur,  Argentina, Sidorkewicj Nora S. , Popp Albertina I. , Casanave Emma B. ,   Universidad Nacional del Sur,  Argentina,   UNS,  Argentina
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Sexual differences in some of the components of the pectoral girdle and forelimb of Chaetophractus villosus (Desmarest, 1804) were investigated by means of geometric morphometrics. A total of 15 scapulae (7 males, 8 females) and 50 humeri-ulnae complexes (24 males, 26 females) were examined. No size differences were detected between sexes for any of the bones, but shape differences were found for the humerus and the ulna that enhance the in-forces or the related in-levers. Females had a more robust humerus, with an enlarged deltoid tuberosity, a more spherical head, higher tubercular and epicondylar widths, and more developed supracondylar crests. The ulna of the females was characterised by a more pronounced curvature along its main axis, a caudal displacement of the lateral fossa, a longer olecranon, and a deeper trochlear notch. For both bones, the discriminant analysis classified correctly all the specimens according to their sex. A small percentage of the variance (5.2% for the humerus; 6.8% for the ulna) was explained by allometry. The morphological traits found for the humerus and ulna of the females suggest an increased structural strength that could result in powerful digging strokes while keeping shoulder and elbow stabilisation, suggesting a fossorial advantage over males.
Jogos de Empresas: Abordagens ao Fenômeno, Perspectivas Teóricas e Metodológicas
Authors: Mrtvi Valdete de Oliveira ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina,  Brazil, Westphal Fernando Kaname , Bandeira-de-Mello Rodrigo , Feldmann Paulo Roberto ,   Fundação Getulio Vargas,  Brazil,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

Resumo Os jogos de empresas, além de utilizados no processo de ensino, também são explorados como ferramentas de pesquisa, conforme Gentry, Tice, Robertson e Gentry (1984). Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa, descritivo quanto aos objetivos, e caracterizado como revisão integrativa no tocante ao método, trata do seguinte problema de pesquisa: Qual o perfil da pesquisa acadêmica brasileira sobre jogos de empresas considerando a abordagem ao fenômeno e as perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas? Foram analisados 226 artigos extraídos de periódicos online, do indexador Spell e anais de eventos. Como resultado, é proposta uma tipologia para classificação das pesquisas em jogos de empresas, considerando a abordagem ao fenômeno de pesquisa e os eixos temáticos. Constatou-se a predominância de estudos que têm as simulações como objeto de pesquisa - SCOPE (77,9%) -, enquanto 22,1% utilizam os jogos de empresas como ambiente de pesquisa - SCAPE. Verificou-se que 38,5% dos estudos não mencionam quaisquer das classificações metodológicas analisadas. Discute-se algumas fragilidades metodológicas identificadas nas pesquisas da área. Apesar de as classificações não serem determinantes para a qualidade de um estudo, representam importante indicador da consistência do processo de reflexão e da coesão da investigação.
O grafo do ato analítico
Authors: Lima Mônica Assunção Costa ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

Resumo: Analisa-se o grafo do ato analítico apresentado por Lacan no Seminário XV, a partir do grupo matemático de Klein e da interpretação particular de Lacan da filosofia cartesiana. Apresenta-se inicialmente a leitura lacaniana do cogito cartesiano no Seminário XI, para pontuar as alterações encontradas em sua releitura efetuada em 1967. Apresenta-se o esquema de Klein, proposto pelo matemático Barbut, no qual se inspirou Lacan, e discute-se em seguida as operações nele designadas como: operação alienação, operação verdade e operação transferência. Demonstra-se como Lacan se apropriou deste esquema, relacionando-o ao percurso da análise e articulando-o sempre aos termos cartesianos encontrados no comentário sobre o cogito: ser e pensamento.
A criança entre sujeito e objeto
Authors: Vanier Alain ,   Universidade Paris VII Diderot,  France
Published: January 2017

Resumo: Trata-se de abordar, a partir da clínica da criança, dois aspectos da criança para o Outro primordial: o sujeito e o objeto. A criança ocupa para sua mãe um lugar de objeto, condensador de gozo, o que Freud já havia notado, fazendo da maternidade o lugar da perversão feminina. Porém, ao mesmo tempo, a mãe "supõe o sujeito" em seu filho, sob a condição que ela postule que este lhe faça signo.
Exibindo-se: a função de espelho do psicólogo na cirurgia digestiva aguda
Authors: Chopin Marie-Victoire ,   Universidade Paris VII Diderot,  France
Published: January 2017

Resumo: Trabalhar com pacientes diagnosticados com a doença de Crohn e internados em cirurgia digestiva aguda nos leva a questionar os fundamentos psíquicos de uma falha das funções do Eu-pele, associados aos movimentos exibicionistas e uma complacência para com sua própria "monstruosidade". O fato de "mostrar" e "falar tudo" ao outro impõe-no um encontro com a inquietante estranheza. Após uma leitura psicanalítica de nossos encontros clínicos, nos deparamos com a constatação de que esta falta de distância está inscrita em um registro narcisista, no qual o sujeito despe-se para reconstituir-se no olhar reparador do outro.
La didáctica de la literatura: hacia la consolidación del campo
Authors: Munita Felipe
Published: January 2017

Resumen La formación de lectores conforma uno de los objetivos socioeducativos más relevantes que las sociedades contemporáneas le asignan a la escuela. En los últimos años, la investigación y la experiencia educativa han demostrado que una de las claves para avanzar en este propósito es la atención a la lectura literaria en tanto espacio privilegiado para el desarrollo de hábitos y competencias de lectura durante la escolaridad obligatoria. Hoy en día, contamos con un campo científico que se ocupa específicamente de la investigación en este dominio: la didáctica de la literatura. El presente artículo aborda el proceso de creación y progresiva consolidación de esta disciplina en el marco general de la investigación educativa. Para ello, y a partir de una amplia investigación bibliográfica, este ensayo sintetiza las principales fuentes de origen de la didáctica de la literatura, las dificultades que ha sorteado en su proceso de formación y, finalmente, ofrece un detallado panorama del modelo de enseñanza – aprendizaje de la literatura consensuado por la comunidad científica en nuestros días. El texto concluye subrayando la necesidad de atender a la información proveniente de las prácticas reales de educación literaria en las aulas, como factor central en la consolidación disciplinar de la didáctica de la literatura.
Unlocking the potential of compressive membrane action in concrete
Authors: Collings David
Published: January 2017

The Institution of Civil Engineers has recently sponsored research into the use of internal arching or ‘compressive membrane action’ in concrete structures. UK consultant David Collings says it can lead to more efficient designs resulting in savings in materials, emissions and costs.
Improved estimate of the effective diameter for use in the Kozeny–Carman equation for permeability prediction
Authors: Zheng W. , Tannant D. D.
Published: January 2017

The Kozeny–Carman equation is widely used to predict the hydraulic conductivity or intrinsic permeability of granular porous media. This paper combines discrete-element modelling and finite-volume flow simulation to examine the Kozeny–Carman equation for permeability prediction of spherical grains with different grain size distributions. A comparison of the modelled permeability with the permeability predicted by the Kozeny–Carman equation shows that the existing equation predicts up to 20% smaller permeability for particle assemblies with non-uniform sizes, especially for gap-graded size distributions. An improved equation is proposed to calculate the effective diameter for use in the empirical Kozeny–Carman equation.
Application of bamboo in mangrove rehabilitation projects
Authors: Harihar Sourabh , Verhagen Henk Jan
Published: January 2017

Mangroves have proved to be an asset to coastlines owing to their various advantages in terms of coastal protection and stability. Along tropical coastlines, as mangrove tracts recede and threats of coastal erosion mount, mangrove rehabilitation projects are being seriously contemplated. The design of such projects, however, is in an incipient phase, and several technical and economic challenges are to be faced. The plantation and growth of mangroves requires a protected coastal environment with proper drainage of the soil substratum. Hence, in a sample design undertaken for a mangrove rejuvenation project along the eastern coast of Mumbai (India), various layouts have been studied for a protective coastal structure and drainage system. One such design uses bamboo pile walls in creating shielded compartments (with multiple compartmental layouts) for mangrove growth, along with bamboo drains. The bamboo-based structure was found to be environmentally and economically advantageous over other designs such as sand dykes, which are many times more expensive. Moreover, employing natural material such as bamboo helps the structure integrate with the developing mangrove habitat, allaying concerns about dismantling the structure after mangrove growth. A cost-minimising and eco-friendly bamboo structure such as this therefore promises to pave the way for large ecological projects in the future, spanning over 1000 ha.
Aspectos Psicossociais do Trabalho e Sofrimento Psíquico na Estratégia de Saúde da Família
Authors: Moreira Izadora Joseane Borrajo , Horta Jorge André , Duro Luciano Nunes , Chaves Jéssica , Jacques Camila Signor , Martinazzo Kelly , Pimentel Roberta Barela , Baumhardt Viviane , Teixeira Borges Daniela
Published: January 2017

Justificativa e objetivos: O estresse ocupacional pode estar relacionado ao surgimento de doenças físicas e psíquicas. Objetiva-se avaliar a associação dos aspectos psicossociais do trabalho, de acordo com o Modelo Demanda-Controle, com a ocorrência de transtornos mentais entre os trabalhadores das Estratégias de Saúde da Família em Santa Cruz do Sul, RS. Métodos: estudo com abordagem epidemiológica, de corte transversal e quantitativo. A população alvo do estudo foi constituída por 89 profissionais, entre médicos, enfermeiros, técnicos/auxiliares de enfermagem (TE) e agentes comunitários de saúde, pertencentes às equipes das 11 Estratégias de Saúde da Família do município de Santa Cruz do Sul. Utilizou-se um questionário contendo questões sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e outras pertencentes à Job Stress Scale e ao Self Reporting Questionnaire. Resultados: Constatou-se que 30,1% dos profissionais apresentavam alta demanda e baixo controle sobre o trabalho, resultando em alta exposição ao desenvolvimento de estresse ocupacional. A prevalência de transtorno mental comum nos profissionais submetidos ao trabalho de alta exigência foi de 38%. Conclusão: Frente a esses resultados preocupantes faz-se necessário que se tomem atitudes visando a prevenção ou redução do estresse laboral e do adoecimento no trabalho.
UPPA-PROTEIN Concentrate™ v1
Authors: not provided G-Biosciences
Published: January 2017

The UPPA-PROTEIN Concentrate™ kit is usedto quantitatively concentrate dilute protein samples as low as 1ng/ml into a small volume. Protein precipitation and concentration are not affected by the presence of detergents, chaotropics, or other common laboratory agents.