bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE POWER OF SPOKEN LANGUAGE: UNDERSTANDING COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE ANXIETY AMONG THAI-SPEAKING MINORITY STUDENTS IN MALAYSIAN NATIONAL SCHOOLS
Authors: Muhamad Nasir Noormaizatul Akmar , Yaacob Nurul Husna , Ab Rashid Radzuwan , Mohd Amin Mohd Zaki
Published: July 2023

Communication apprehension refers to the feeling of anxiety or fear that individuals experience when they need to communicate with others. In the context of foreign language learning, communication apprehension can have significant implications on learners' abilities to learn, use, and acquire the language effectively, yet studies on it as one of the key components contributing to anxiety in language learning especially among minority learners are still scarce. This study examines communication apprehension as one of the four components recognised to spark anxiety in foreign language learning. The focus was directed at a group of Thai-speaking Malaysian secondary school students, who are always addressed as the minority ethnic groups in this country. As a minority race, it is believed that this population may have unique experiences and challenges in learning English as a foreign language, which have not been extensively studied before. The findings contribute to the existing literature by examining foreign language anxiety from the perspective of minority Thai-speaking students, identifying anxiety-inducing situations, and offering recommendations for educational interventions to address communication apprehension. It was found that these students were uncomfortable or anxious in a variety of situations when speaking in English mainly when participating in impromptu tasks. The findings contribute to the identification of specific situations that can trigger anxiety and hinder language learning progress among them. It is hoped that this knowledge can guide educators in designing appropriate instructional approaches and creating a supportive classroom environment. Therefore, educators are recommended to offer more attention to the special needs of learners who struggle with communication anxiety by developing a friendly and secure learning environment where these students can confidently practise their ways of interacting. This is important to help them build confidence and self-esteem and thus alleviate unnecessary anxieties.
IMPACT OF COVID- 19 ON MEDICAL EDUCATION: A BRIEF REVIEW
Authors: Dhawale Tushar
Published: July 2023

Since its emergence in late 2019, COVID-19 has rapidly spread across the globe, resulting in a signicant global health crisis. The clinical presentation of COVID-19 varies widely, ranging from asymptomatic or mild illness to severe respiratory distress and multi-organ failure. The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted numerous aspects of society, including the eld of medical education. The pandemic created the need to rapidly adapt and restructure medical curricula to accommodate remote learning. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on medical education, necessitating signicant adjustments in curriculum, teaching methods, clinical training, and student well-being.
Per Sergio Caruso
Authors: Sciarra Silvana
Published: July 2023

In a short message that testifies to a long and solid relationship of friendship, reference is made to the vast multidisciplinary culture of Sergio Caruso, to highlight his propensity to listen and constantly discover new landings, both in scientific research and in the activity of therapist.
СИСТЕМИ ГЕОТЕРМАЛЬНОГО ЕНЕРГОПОСТАЧАННЯ ОБ’ЄКТІВ СІЛЬСКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА ІЗ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯМ АБСОРБЦІЙНИХ ТЕПЛОВИХ НАСОСІВ
Authors: Чалаєв Д. М. , Морозов Ю. П.
Published: July 2023

У системах геотермального теплопостачання абсорбційні теплові насоси мають значні переваги перед парокомпресійними тепловими насосами, тому що для своєї роботи вони використовують лише теплову енергію, при цьому питомі витрати електричної енергії на власні потреби становлять 1–2 % встановленої теплової потужності та мають ширший діапазон робочих температур. Важливим фактором застосування абсорбційних теплових насосів є також значний діапазон регулювання потужності агрегату, який коливається від 25 до 100 % номінальної потужності.
Застосування абсорбційних термотрансформаторів у системах геотермального теплопостачання дозволяє збільшити глибину спрацьовування температурного потенціалу геотермального флюїду, що розширює сферу його використання в аграрній промисловості та сприяє подовженню рентабельної від-стані транспортування геотермального тепла.
Запропонована технологічна схема сушіння зерна з нагрівом і зневодненням сушильного агента за допомогою абсорбційного теплового насоса і з використанням геотермальної енергії для його роботи дає змогу в 1,6 раза зменшити витрати енергії на вилучення вологи.
The moral criticism of Western modernity according to Taha Abdel Rahman
Authors: Al-Araji Star , Ibrahim Mohammed Hamza
Published: July 2023

إنّ العناية بالفكر الأخلاقي بحثاً وتحليلاً وتنظيراً، في ازدياد مطرد يوماً بعد آخر، ولعل من المفارقة أن يسجل الفكر الغربي تقدماً ملحوظاً في هذا المجال بالقياس إلى عالمنا العربي.إنّ هذه العناية المتزايدة بالأخلاق هي صدى لعمق الأزمة الأخلاقية في واقع الإنسان المعاصر، والتي أدت إلى شيوع العدمية أو فقدان المعنى، لدرجة عدت أزمة القيم هذه إيذاناً بأفول الحضارة؛ وقد كان لهذه الأزمة عدة تمظهرات ابتداءً من إهدار العلم المجرد من الأخلاق لكرامة الإنسان، عبر ابتكاره أدوات القتل والإبادة، التي وصلت إلى مستويات مذهلة في التفنن بالقتل وإشاعة الرعب، والى الأنظمة الاقتصادية الساحقة لإنسانية الإنسان، ومحاولة تحويله إلى سلعة أو آلة لخدمة ماكنتها الربحية، وهو ما يُعبّر عنه بـ"تسليع الإنسان"،أو"تشييئ الإنسان" ومروراً بالدوامة الإعلامية العاملة على إفراغ الإنسان من كل محتوى روحي وأخلاقي عبر إشاعة ثقافة الصورة التي تخاطب غرائز الإنسان، فضلا عما تمارسه من تضليل وغسيل للعقول، لها انعكاسها الواضح على سلوكه، وصولاً إلى أسوأ صور الانحطاط الأخلاقي ممثلاً بظاهرة الإرهاب الذي يخبط خبط عشواء مستهدفاً الآمنين والمسالمين.كل تلك المظاهر وغيرها، تكشف عن أزمة الضمير الأخلاقي الذي بلغه الإنسان، لذلك بدأت الأصوات تتعالى لإرجاع الأخلاق إلى مركزيتها، بعد أن ظلت مدة غير قصيرة على الهامش، مما كان له تداعيات قاسية على الإنسان.ان التركيز على موضوع الأخلاق بحثا ودراسة وتنظيرا يسهم في ترسيخ الوعي بإشكالية الأخلاق، هذا فضلا عما ينطوي عليه موضوعنا هنا من بعد نقدي للحداثة الغربية التي هيمنت على العقول والنفوس.وقد تم اعتماد المنهج التحليلي النقدي، في تحليل أصول الحداثة وطبيعة مرجعياتها، ومن ثم نقد هذه الأصول والمرتكزات التي أضرت بالأخلاق، كل ذلك يأتي في سياق تحليل آراء الدكتور طه عبد الرحمن.
An Insurance Value Modeling Approach That Captures the Wider Value of a Novel Antimicrobial to Health Systems, Patients, and the Population
Authors: Chan Mei , Holloway Richard , King Robert , Polya Rosie , Sloan Rebecca , Kowalik Jack , Ashfield Tom , Moore Luke , Porter Thomas , Pearson-Stuttard Jonathan
Published: July 2023

Background: Traditional health economic evaluations of antimicrobials currently underestimate their value to wider society. They can be supplemented by additional value elements including insurance value, which captures the value of an antimicrobial in preventing or mitigating impacts of adverse risk events. Despite being commonplace in other sectors, constituents of the impacts and approaches for estimating insurance value have not been investigated. Objectives: This study assessed the insurance value of a novel gram-negative antimicrobial from operational healthcare, wider population health, productivity, and informal care perspectives. Methods: A novel mixed-methods approach was used to model insurance value in the United Kingdom: (1) literature review and multidisciplinary expert workshops to identify risk events for 4 relevant scenarios: ward closures, unavoidable shortage of conventional antimicrobials, viral respiratory pandemics, and catastrophic antimicrobial resistance (AMR); (2) parameterizing mitigable costs and frequencies of risk events across perspectives and scenarios; (3) estimating insurance value through a Monte Carlo simulation model for extreme events and a dynamic disease transmission model. Results: The mean insurance value across all scenarios and perspectives over 10 years in the UK was £718 million, should AMR remain unchanged, where only £134 million related to operational healthcare costs. It would be 50%-70% higher if AMR steadily increased or if a more risk-averse view (1-in-10 year downside) of future events is taken. Discussion: The overall insurance value if AMR remains at current levels (a conservative projection), is over 5 times greater than insurance value from just the operational healthcare costs perspective, traditionally the sole perspective used in health budgeting. Insurance value was generally larger for nationwide or universal (catastrophic AMR, pandemic, and conventional antimicrobial shortages) rather than localized (ward closure) scenarios, across perspectives. Components of this insurance value match previously published estimates of operational costs and mortality impacts. Conclusions: Insurance value of novel antimicrobials can be systematically modeled and substantially augments their traditional health economic value in normal circumstances. These approaches are generalizable to similar health interventions and form a framework for health systems and governments to capture broader value in health technology assessments, improve healthcare access, and increase resilience by planning for adverse scenarios.
Creation of energy-efficient equipment for coextrusion of biopolymers
Authors:   Vasilenko V. N. Phrolova L. N. Dragan I. V. Kochkin I.YU. Eremin I.D.
Published: July 2023

An extruder design is proposed that allows expanding the scope of application due to the achieved universalization of the pressure stabilization mechanism in the processing of various raw materials with unstable properties.

Keywords: extruder, biopolymer, coextrusion.
vvn_1977@mail.ru1, fln-84@mail.ru
Digital load models for multi-criteria assessment of the working ability of technological equipment on the example of a coal charge ramming box
Authors:   Doronin S.V. Reyzmunt E.M.
Published: July 2023

An alternative approach to determining the working ability of technological equipment based on digital load capacity models is proposed.

Keywords: digital model, load capacity, performance criterion, ramming box, dynamic loading, coal pie. e.sigova@gmail.com
KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA DAN MIKROBIOLOGI SILASE KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ASAM FORMAT DAN BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT 3B104
Authors: N Yovitaro Noviana , Lestari Susi , R.J. Siti Hanggita
Published: July 2023

The purposes of this research were to know characteristics of golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata) silage processed chemically and microbiologycal using lactid acid bacteria culture (LAB) 3B104. The research used the Factorial Randomized Block Designed with two factors of treatment and each was replicated three times. The factors were different of percentation formic acid (formic acid 2.5%, 3.0% and 3.5%), without and given lactid acid bacteria (LAB) culture 3B104. The parameters were chemical analysis (pH value, moisture content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate, crude fiber) and microbiologycal analysis (Total Plate Count, Salmonella test, Escherischia coli test). The result of this research were different ration of percentage formic acid, without and given lactid acid bacteria culture (LAB) 3B104 had significant effect on pH value, moisture content, protein content, carbohydrate and crude fiber. The average value were pH value after fermentation (4.73-5.46), moisture content (77.98%-81.59%), ash content (2.25%-3.97%), protein content (10.88%-14.54%), fat content (0.45%-0.68%.), carbohydrate content (2.00%-3.70%.), crude fiber (0.56%-1.47%). The highest protein content (14.54%) was found in the treatment of formic acid 3.5% without given lactid acid bacteria culture (LAB) 3B104. The microbiologycal analysis showed total plate count (5.78 log CFU/gr-7.29 log CFU/gr), negative Salmonella and Escherischia coli. Â  Keyword: golden snail silage, formic acid, lactid acid bacteria (LAB)
BEKASAM IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus) DENGAN PENGGUNAAN SUMBER KARBOHIDRAT YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Kalista Ayu , Supriadi Agus , R.J. Siti Hanggita
Published: July 2023

This purposes of this research were to determine the effect of different carbohydrat sources on the the characteristics of chemical, microbiological and organoleptic bekasam Â catfish. The research was conducted in June until July 2011 at Fishery Processing Technology Laboratory, Aquaculture Laboratory, Animal Nutrition Laboratory and Bioprocess Laboratory University of Sriwijaya.This research that the used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments, and each treatment was replicated three times. The treatment were Â A1 = glutinous rice flour, A2 = corn flour, A3= wheat flour , A4 = cassava flour, A5 = rice flour.The result showed used of different carbohydrate sources had significant effect in N-amino content, pH value and total count but was significantly for water content and ash content. The highest bacterial count was obtained by using rice flour (4,491) and the lowest was found in bekasam with glutinous rice (3.470). The flour that has a higher amylose content is easier to use as a bacterial growth media. Based on sensory test, the best treatment was derived from rice flour and had a higher preference level aroma (3.64), tekstur (3.86) and apperance (3.27). The research recomended that bekasam that used rice flour had best physical, chemical and mikrobiology properties.
Modifikasi dan Pengujian Alat Pengasapan Ikan Sistem Kabinet
Authors: Bimantara Firna , Supriadi Agus , Hanggita Siti
Published: July 2023

The purposes of this research were to designed and to tested technically of the fish smoking closed cabinet system by using the wood as an energy resource and the coconut shell to smoked the snake fish which differenced for the semi conventional smoking cabinet. This research was done in two steps. There were the cabinet system productionsâ€™ step and the last is the testing of the cabinet system. The parameters observed is included fish temperature, smoking room temperature, the humidity smoking cabinet system, fish weight, moisture content, and the fuel. The result of the instrument made from the iron draft, wall of aluminium and the rack of stainless style has a good performance than the semi konventional cabinet system. For the time in smoked the snake fish (3.4 kg) on the smoking cabinet system needed 5â€“5.3 hours. Which the totally fuels are 11.5 kg of coconut shell and 5.57 kg the red wood is just than with the semi conventional cabinet system needed 10â€“12 hours and needed 21 kg of coconut shell and 15.5 of the red wood. The smoking cabinet system showed the smoking temperature profil is higher, RH is lower, the drying process with less the water contents on the fish which is faster than semi conventional cabinet system.
Uji Potensi Biogas Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dengan Jeroan Ikan Patin (Pangasius sp.) dan Kotoran Kuda
Authors: Tricia Multi Idola , Widiastuti Indah , Lestari Susi
Published: July 2023

This research used randomized block design with 2 repetitions as the group and five treatments. The treatments were the percentage of horse manure (KK) and waste catfish (LP): A1 KK (100%), A2 KK (75%) + LP (25%), A3 KK (50%) + LP (50%), A4 KK (25%) + LP (25%) and A5 LP (100%). The parameters observed were volume of biogas, biogas production rate and parameters on slurry includes pH, temperature, total solid, chemical oxygen demand and the ratio C/N. The results showed that the high volume of biogas produced by A1 was equal to 4,206.5 mL with a pH of 7.62 and 4.29% and a total solid ratio C/N 30.02. Biogas produced ranged between 520 to 4,206.5 mL. The acidity ranged from 7.62 to 6.23. The resulting temperature ranged from 29.56 to 30.79 Â°C. Total solid produced ranged between 4.29 to 5.66%. Chemical oxygen demand generated ranged from 55,880.5 to 117,361.1 mg/kg. Ratio C/N produced ranged from 7.29 to 30.02. The addition viscera of catfish effected on changed in pH, total solid, ratio C/N and the amount of biogas produced.
Text Mining: Sistem Prediksi Cyberbullying pada Platform Twitter menggunakan Logistic Regression, KNN, dan Naive Bayes
Authors: Wibowo Aditya Erlangga , Khairi Alpian , Humairoh Hildiana , Fadillah M Irvin , Hartawan M. Jordy Dwi
Published: July 2023

Kemajuan pesat teknologi dan sosial media bisa memudahkan orang-orang untuk berkomunikasi dan juga memberikan informasi. Namun sosial media dapat membagikan efek negatif melalui cara membuat ketikan negatif atau komentar yang semaunya yang bertujuan untuk merendahkan bahkan menjatuhkan seseorang tanpa melihat perasaan orang tersebut. Hal tersebut yang membuat terjadinya aktivitas kekerasan di dalam ruang siber (Cyberbullying). Pemrosesan bahasa juga dikenal sebagai text preprocessing mencakup text to corpus, cleansing, case folding, dan stopword removal sebagai fase paling awal yang harus dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Kemudian langkah selanjutnya adalah feature selection berguna untuk menggantikan dokumen teks menjadi sebuah matriks yang bertujuan menggunakan fitur yang ditemukan di semua kata sebagai parameter atau kriteria klasifikasi. Dengan menggunakan tiga algoritma yaitu Logistic Regression, KNN, dan Naive Bayes classification, maka kita dapat menentukan apakah komentar tersebut mengandung makna bullying atau tidak. Prosedurnya adalah dengan mengurangi peluang dari setiap kata baru berdasarkan class dan perkalian class conditional probability. Dari hasil pengujian memakai dataset "komentar cyberbullying" yang diperoleh dari Algoritma Data Science School. Hasil terbaik dari ketiga algoritma tersebut diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode Naive Bayes, dengan accuracy sebesar 80,73%, precision 77,55%, dan recall sebesar 85,07%.
Advances in nanoparticle-based drug delivery in cancer treatment
Authors: Sarvari Pourya , Sarvari Pouya
Published: July 2023

As a pathologically heterogeneous disease, cancer is one of the leading causes of global morbidity. According to the World Health Organization, approximately one in six deaths are caused by cancer. Fortunately, many cancers can be cured if diagnosed at early stages and treated efficiently. Despite the benefits of conventional cancer treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiation therapy, they have several drawbacks, including cytotoxicity, inaccurate targeting of tumor cells, and multi-drug resistance, which underscore the importance of developing novel and effective strategies to improve diagnosis, prognosis, therapy, and patient survival. Recently, the advancement of nanotechnology has opened new horizons for cancer treatment thanks to the discovery of nanoparticles (NPs) and the small-sized molecules that revolutionized the drug delivery methods in cancerous tissues. The specific characteristics of NPs, such as reduced toxicity, improved permeability, and accurate targeting of tumor cells, provide a great advantage in cancer treatment and help to overcome the limitations and challenges of conventional cancer treatment methods. Besides, the role of NPs in immunotherapy has created a novel concept for cancer treatment. This review gives a brief overview regarding the importance of NPs and their targeting mechanism, as well as the challenges and limitations associated with their use in cancer treatment.
A Need Analysis for Learning English to Young Learners
Authors: Amalia Firda , Albiansyah Albiansyah
Published: July 2023

A growing body of literature has discussed need analysis in a certain domain. The issue raised since English to Young Learners was important to support the process of language learning in the classroom. The present study was employed to investigate student's need analysis, especially for the teaching of English to young learners in the elementary school level. The data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and analyzing the documents of sample students. Questionnaires were distributed to 25 students of grade 5A and 5B, and interviews were conducted with an English teacher of grade 5 at an elementary school in Jakarta. The findings revealed that the students were expected to master language skills so that they could be more confident in reading and writing. Furthermore, they also have several preferable topics to be discussed in the learning process such as family and friends, foods, or meals. They prefer to have topics that could be related to their daily life and their background knowledge. Moreover, there are several factors that may hinder the teaching of reading and writing. The irrelevant topics to their daily life and interest, lack of vocabulary knowledge, and anxiety in writing were the factors that made them hard to read and write. Therefore, the development of class materials needed to be relevant to students' needs. Keywords: Need Analysis, English to Young Learners, Learning Materials
Achieving Sustainable Coastal Environment by Examining Destination Image and Tourists’ Environment Responsible Behavior
Authors: Aziz Sadia , Niazi Muhammad Abdullah Khan , Ghani Usman , Noor Misbah
Published: July 2023

The irresponsible actions of tourists harm the coastal environment. Throwing garbage in the water, damaging green belts and lawns, and throwing disposable material and shopping bags harm the environment and beautification of coastal destinations. Previous researchers have identified
the worse effect of tourists’ irresponsible behaviors on the environment and the aquatic ecosystem of coastal destinations. Concern for the coastal destination environment has pushed researchers and destination management officers to identify the underlying behavioral patterns of tourists
and proposed strategies for influencing tourists’ environment responsible behavior (ERB). Current research has discussed the significance of destination image in shaping tourists’ ERB with the help of the cognitive–affective–conative destination image (DI) model. Further study
has discussed the mediating effect of perceived destination trust (PDT) and the moderating role of perceived destination reputation (PDR) in shaping tourists’ ERB with the theoretical lens of signaling theory. A self-administrative survey research design was employed, and 954 completed
questionnaires were used for data analysis. Data were gathered from the tourists attending coastal destinations located in Karachi, a city in Pakistan. Sitting arrangements for the data collection were made at the exit points of each beach. The study used three categories of hypothesized relationships:
direct, mediation, and moderation. The findings of the study indicated that cognitive image has an insignificant effect on the tourists’ ERB while having a significant effect on the affective image and conative image. Results for affective DI show significant effect on conative DI and
tourists’ ERB. Further results for conative image showed a significant effect on ERB. Results for mediation showed significant meditation of PDT among the DI and ERB. Finally, the results for PDR showed significant moderation and further indicated that a high level of PDR raises the
level of tourists’ ERB. In contrast, tourists showed a low level of ERB when they had a low perception of the destination's reputation. The study has made unique efforts to understand the complex tourists’ ERB with the help of the cognitive???affective???conative image model
and signaling theory.
Assessment of the Potential and Prospects for the Development of High-Technology and Medium-High-Technology Types of Industrial Activities in Ukraine
Authors: Mytsenko V.І.
Published: July 2023

The main ideas about modern technological innovations, the Fourth Industrial Revolution, global value chains, and the role of high-technology and medium-high-technology types of industrial activities in the process of technological transformation of the world economy are highlighted. An assessment of the potential and prospects for development of high-technology and medium-high-technology types of industrial activities in Ukraine are completed from the standpoint of the relationship between investment activity and the level of production as a prerequisite for increasing the technological level of the national economy and its integration into global value chains on a more profitable basis in modern and post-war conditions. Based on the analysis of the level of expenses that enterprises invest in the modernization and acquisition of tangible and intangible assets, it is concluded that the production and technological potential of high- and medium-high-tech branches of the industry in the pre-war period was increased, and it was found that their priority is capital investment in machines and equipment, and capital investments into intangible assets are financed according to the residual principle. It is determined that the manufacturers of pharmaceutical products and preparations, motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, and other vehicles have the highest production productivity, which indicates the competitiveness of the products manufactured by them and their importance for the national industrial sector. According to the results of the correlation and regression analysis, a strong dependence between the volumes of sold products and capital investments in the pharmaceutical industry and the electrical equipment manufacturing industry and a weak dependence in the chemical industry have been proven, which requires further scientific research t
In vitro and in vivo Immunoadjuvant Effects of the Enzymatically Modified Fucoidan
Authors: Kuznetsova T. A. , Smolina T. A. , Ivanushko L. A. , Persiyanova E. V. , Silchenko A. S. , Besednova N. N.
Published: July 2023

Objectives. No sulfated polysaccharides (fucoidans) has been declared as the pharmaceutical substances, adjuvants, etc., which is associated with the problems of obtaining the structurally characterized and homogeneous samples or their oligomeric fractions that retain high biological activity. The highly purified fucoidan with regular reproducible structural characteristics (F1) was obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of native fucoidan (F2). Aim. The comparative study of fucoidans from the brown alga Fucus evanescens (F1 and F2) effects on the effector functions of innate and adaptive immunity cells loaded with ovalbumin (OVA) in vitro and in vivo. Material and methods. Fucoidan F1 — the enzymatically modified product of native fucoidan; F2 — the native fucoidan. The fucoidans effects on the expression level of the main immunophenotypic markers of innate and adaptive immunity (neutrophils, monocytes, natural killers, lymphocytes) cells in vitro were studied by methods of flow cytometry. The fucoidans effects on the production of serum OVA-specific antibodies (IgG, IgG1, IgG2а) and cytokines (IFNγ, IL-2, IL-10, IL-12) were detected in BALB/c mice immunized with OVA. Results. The tested fucoidans activate the effector functions of innate and adaptive immunity cells loaded with OVA in vitro and act as adjuvants, stimulating both Th1 (IgG2а, INFγ, IL-2) and Th2 (IgG1, IL-10) immune response to OVA in vivo. Conclusions. The immunoadjuvant effect of the enzymatically modified fucoidan (F1) on effector functions of innate and adaptive immunity cells are comparable to those of the native fucoidan (F2). The findings determine the possibility of F1 use as an adjuvant for a wide range of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.
Evaluation of the Antiseptic Effect of the Anolyte Solution on Laboratory Rats
Authors: Styazhkina S. N. , Kiryanov N. A. , Kuklin D. N. , Kutbedinov Kh. S. , Eykina O. N. , Strashnov D. V.
Published: July 2023

An experimental study of the antiseptic properties of the Anolyte solution was carried out. The developed anolyte solution has an antiseptic effect, especially active against Escherichia coli, which indicates the possibility of its use in the complex therapy of purulent wounds.
Recursos didácticos tecnológicos y su incidencia en el interaprendizaje enfocado a la educación básica
Authors: Yucailla Sánchez Rosa Anita , Núñez Cáceres Cecilia del Rocío , Pazmiño Valarezo María Belén , López Martínez Gissela Katherine , Domínguez Hernández Gladys Ximena
Published: July 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer la importancia de los recursos didácticos tecnológicos y su incidencia en el interaprendizaje en la Educación General Básica en el Centro de Educación Básica Fiscal La Condamine del cantón Tisaleo provincia de Tungurahua, pues la institución no cuenta con un blog de recursos didácticos tecnológicos que les permita a los maestros actualizar sus conocimientos para la aplicación de estos en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, se propone que los docentes se apropien de los diferentes recursos didácticos que suman la tecnología para alentar el desarrollo integral del estudiante, asimismo generar docentes comprometidos con un nuevo enfoque de aprendizaje que además mejoren su creatividad, potencialidad cognitiva, afectiva  y procedimental, pretender que maestros y maestras posibiliten desarrollar su pensamiento crítico, reflexivo, analítico y creativo a través de actividades secuénciales conforme a los niveles de desarrollo cognitivo en los estudiantes.
АЛМАТЫ ЖӘНЕ ЖЕТІСУ ОБЛЫСТАРЫНДАҒЫ ОМАРТА БАЛ АРАЛАРЫНЫҢ МОРФОМЕТРИЯЛЫҚ БЕЛГІЛЕРІ
Authors: Спатай Нұрәділ , Нұралиева Ұлжан , Құсаинова Жанар , Шимелкова Роза , Тойшиманов Максат
Published: July 2023

Бұл мақалада Алматы және Жетісу облыстарының ара шаруашылықтарында жүргізілген ғылыми-зерттеу жұмыстары сөз болады. Аралардың морфометриялық белгілерін кубиталь индексі, гантель индексі және дискоидальды жылжуы арқылы анықтау үшін зерттелетін омарталардың 30 ара тобынан 50 сынама алынды.
Ара топтарымен селекциялық және асыл тұқымды жұмыстар жүргізілетін ара топтарынан алынған омарта бал араларының морфометриялық белгілерінің әртүрлі әдістері зерттелді, ара топтарын зерттейтін препараттардың көшірмелері сканерленіп, MorphoXL бағдарламасы арқылы өңделді.
Зерттеу нәтижелері көрсеткендей, алынған мәліметтерге сәйкес, кубиталь және гантель индекстерінің арақатынасы неғұрлым жоғары болса, тұқымның пайызы соғұрлым жоғары болады деп болжауға болады. Ара қанатының параметрлерін өлшеу арқылы ара сынамасының морфологиялық белгілерін зерттеуге арналған инновациялық бағдарламаларды қолдана отырып, алынған нәтижелердің статистикалық өңделуі және графикалық көрінісі зерттелді.
Осының нәтижесінде негізгі экстерьер параметрлері бойынша аралар карника тұқымының стандартына сәйкес келетіні анықталды, бірақ зерттелген үлгілер бойынша кубиталь индексінің көрсеткіштері стандарттан төмен болды. Алынған нәтижелерге байланысты бал араларының тұқымдық стандартын қайта қарау қажет. Карпат тұқымын бағалау Алматы және Жетісу облыстарында өсірілетін аралардың тұқымдық тиістілігінің объективті нәтижесін берді.
Жоғарыда аталған міндеттерді әзірлеу, кейіннен нәтижелерді республика омарталарына енгізу Қазақстандағы ара шаруашылығының дамуына әсер етеді және қазақстандық популяциялардың генетикалық әлеуетін сақтауға мүмкіндік береді, бұл республикадағы асыл тұқымды ара шаруашылығын дамытуға негіз болады.
Kinetic Features of Alpha Particles in a Pestchek-like Magnetic Reconnection Event in the Solar Wind Observed by Solar Orbiter
Authors: Duan Die , He Jiansen , Zhu Xingyu , Zhuo Rui , Wu Ziqi , Nicolaou Georgios , Huang Jia , Verscharen Daniel , Yang Liu , Owen Christopher J. , Fedorov Andrey , Louarn Philippe , Horbury Timothy S.
Published: July 2023

The acceleration and heating of solar wind particles by magnetic reconnection are important mechanisms in space physics. Although alpha particles (4He2+) are the second most abundant population of solar wind ions, their kinetic behavior in solar wind magnetic reconnection is not well understood. Using the high-energy (1500–3000 eV) range of the Solar Wind Analyser/Proton–Alpha Sensor instrument on board Solar Orbiter, we study the kinetic features of alpha particles in an exhaust region of a Pestchek-like solar-wind reconnection event with a weak guide field. A pair of back-to-back compound discontinuities is observed in the exhaust region. We find that the plasma in the magnetic exhaust region is heated and bounded by slow shocks (SSs), while the accelerated reconnection jet is bounded by rotational discontinuities (RDs). The SSs are outside the RDs, which is not expected from the magnetohydrodynamical prediction. We suggest this different location of the discontinuities is due to the enhanced parallel temperature T

p∥ > T

p⊥, which reduces the local Alfvén speed in the exhaust region, allowing the SSs to propagate faster than the RDs. Inside the exhaust region, the guide field is dominant. We find a two-population distribution of the alpha particles. These two populations are field aligned downstream the SSs and shift to have a perpendicular offset in the reconnection jet, suggesting that the change of the magnetic field at the RDs has similar timescales with the proton gyroperiod, but faster than those of the alpha particles, such that the alpha particles behave like pickup ions.
ALMA Survey of Orion Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (ALMASOP): A Forming Quadruple System with Continuum “Ribbons” and Intricate Outflows
Authors: Luo Qiu-yi , Liu Tie , Lee Aaron T. , Offner Stella S. R. , di Francesco James , Johnstone Doug , Juvela Mika , Goldsmith Paul F. , Qin Sheng-Li , Mai Xiaofeng , Liu Xun-chuan , Sanhueza Patricio , Xu Feng-Wei , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Dutta Somnath , Chen Huei-Ru Vivien , Li Shanghuo , Yang Aiyuan , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Lee Chin-Fei , Hirano Naomi , Lee Chang Won , Sahu Dipen , Shang Hsien , Hsu Shih-Ying , Bronfman Leonardo , Kwon Woojin , Rawlings M. G. , Eden David , Lu Xing , Gu Qi-lao , Ren Zhiyuan , Ward-Thompson D. , Shen Zhi-Qiang
Published: July 2023

One of the most poorly understood aspects of low-mass star formation is how multiple-star systems are formed. Here we present the results of Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 6 observations toward a forming quadruple protostellar system, G206.93-16.61E2, in the Orion B molecular cloud. ALMA 1.3 mm continuum emission reveals four compact objects, of which two are Class I young stellar objects and the other two are likely in prestellar phase. The 1.3 mm continuum emission also shows three asymmetric ribbon-like structures that are connected to the four objects, with lengths ranging from ∼500 to ∼2200 au. By comparing our data with magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we suggest that these ribbons trace accretion flows and also function as gas bridges connecting the member protostars. Additionally, ALMA CO J = 2−1 line emission reveals a complicated molecular outflow associated with G206.93-16.61E2, with arc-like structures suggestive of an outflow cavity viewed pole-on.
Constraining the Thickness of TRAPPIST-1 b’s Atmosphere from Its JWST Secondary Eclipse Observation at 15 μm
Authors: Ih Jegug , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Whittaker Emily A. , Lessard Madeline
Published: July 2023

Recently, the first JWST measurement of thermal emission from a rocky exoplanet was reported. The inferred dayside brightness temperature of TRAPPIST-1 b at 15 μm is consistent with the planet having no atmosphere and therefore no mechanism by which to circulate heat to its nightside. In this Letter, we compare TRAPPIST-1 b's measured secondary eclipse depth to predictions from a suite of self-consistent radiative-convective equilibrium models in order to quantify the maximum atmospheric thickness consistent with the observation. We find that plausible atmospheres (i.e., those that contain at least 100 ppm CO2) with surface pressures greater than 0.3 bar are ruled out at 3σ, regardless of the choice of background atmosphere, and a Mars-like thin atmosphere with surface pressure 6.5 mbar composed entirely of CO2 is also ruled out at 3σ. Thicker atmospheres of up to 10 bar (100 bar) are consistent with the data at 1σ (3σ) only if the atmosphere lacks any strong absorbers across the mid-IR wavelength range—a scenario that we deem unlikely. We additionally model the emission spectra for bare-rock planets of various compositions. We find that a basaltic, metal-rich, and Fe-oxidized surface best matches the measured eclipse depth to within 1σ, and the best-fit gray albedo is 0.02 ± 0.11. We conclude that planned secondary eclipse observations at 12.8 μm will serve to validate TRAPPIST-1 b's high observed brightness temperature, but are unlikely to further distinguish among the consistent atmospheric and bare-rock scenarios.
Dimming of Continuum Captured in Mrk 841: New Clues on the Nature of the Soft X-Ray Excess
Authors: Mehdipour Missagh , Kriss Gerard A. , Kaastra Jelle S. , Costantini Elisa , Mao Junjie
Published: July 2023

We report on a remarkable change in the spectral energy distribution (SED) of Mrk 841, providing new insights on how the soft X-ray excess emission in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is produced. By Swift monitoring of a sample of Seyfert-1 galaxies, we found an X-ray spectral hardening event in Mrk 841. We thereby triggered our XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and Hubble Space Telescope observations in 2022 to study this event. Our previous investigations of such events in other AGNs had shown that they are caused by obscuring winds. However, the event in Mrk 841 has different spectral characteristics and origin. We find it is the soft X-ray excess component that has become dimmer. This is, importantly, accompanied by a similar decline in the optical/UV continuum, suggesting a connection to the soft X-ray excess. In contrast, there is relatively little change in the X-ray power law and the reflection components. Our SED modeling suggests that the soft X-ray excess is the high-energy extension of the optical/UV disk emission, produced by warm Comptonization. We find the temperature of the disk dropped in 2022, explaining the observed SED dimming. We then examined the Swift data, taken over 15 yr, to further decipher the UV and X-ray variabilities of Mrk 841. A significant relation between the variabilities of the X-ray spectral hardness and that of the UV continuum is found, again suggesting that the soft excess and the disk emission are interlinked. This is readily explicable if the soft excess is produced by warm Comptonization.
A Large Population of Faint 8 < z < 16 Galaxies Found in the First JWST NIRCam Observations of the NGDEEP Survey
Authors: Austin Duncan , Adams Nathan , Conselice Christopher J. , Harvey Thomas , Ormerod Katherine , Trussler James , Li Qiong , Ferreira Leonardo , Dayal Pratika , Juodžbalis Ignas
Published: July 2023

We present an early analysis on the search for high-redshift galaxies using the deepest public JWST imaging to date, the NGDEEP field. These data consist of six-band NIRCam imaging on the Hubble Ultra Deep Field Parallel 2 (HUDF-Par2), covering a total area of 6.3 arcmin2. Based on our initial reduction of the first half of this survey, we reach 5σ depths up to mag = 29.5–29.9 between 1 and 5 μm. Such depths present an unprecedented opportunity to begin exploring the very early universe with JWST. As such, we find high-redshift galaxies by examining the spectral energy distribution of all F444W detections and present 16 new z > 8.5 galaxies identified using two different photometric redshift codes: LePhare and EAZY combined with other significance criteria. The highest-redshift object in our sample is at

z
=

15.6

−
0.3

+
0.4

, which has a blue

β
=
−

3.02

−
0.46

+
0.42

and a very low inferred stellar mass of M
* = 107.4
M
⊙. We also discover a series of faint, low-mass dwarf galaxies with M
* < 108.5
M
⊙ at z ∼ 9 that have blue colors, flat surface brightness profiles, and small sizes <1 kpc. Comparing to previous work in the HUDF-Par2, we find 21 6 < z < 9 candidates including two z = 8 major mergers. One of these merger candidates has an additional two z = 8 sources within 30″, indicating that it may form part of an overdensity. We also compare our results to theory, finding no significant disagreement with a few cold-dark-matter-based models. The discovery of these objects demonstrates the critical need for deeper, or similar depth but wider-area, JWST surveys to explore the early universe.
Binning is Sinning: Redemption for Hubble Diagram Using Photometrically Classified Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Kessler R. , Vincenzi M. , Armstrong P.
Published: July 2023

Bayesian Estimation Applied to Multiple Species (BEAMS) is implemented in the BEAMS with Bias Corrections (BBC) framework to produce a redshift-binned Hubble diagram (HD) for Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). BBC corrects for selection effects and non–SN Ia contamination, and systematic uncertainties are described by a covariance matrix with dimension matching the number of BBC redshift bins. For spectroscopically confirmed SN Ia samples, a recent “Binning is Sinning” article showed that an unbinned HD and covariance matrix reduces the systematic uncertainty by a factor of ∼1.5 compared to the binned approach. Here we extend their analysis to obtain an unbinned HD for a photometrically identified sample processed with BBC. To test this new method, we simulate and analyze 50 samples corresponding to the Dark Energy Survey (DES) with a low-redshift anchor; the simulation includes SNe Ia, and contaminants from core-collapse SNe and peculiar SNe Ia. The analysis includes systematic uncertainties for calibration and measures the dark energy equation of state parameter (w). Compared to a redshift-binned HD, the unbinned HD with nearly 2000 events results in a smaller systematic uncertainty, in qualitative agreement with BHS21, and averaging results among the 50 samples we find no evidence for a w-bias. To reduce computation time for fitting an unbinned HD with large samples, we propose an HD-rebinning method that defines the HD in bins of redshift, color, and stretch; the rebinned HD results in similar uncertainty as the unbinned case, and shows no evidence for a w-bias.
Magnetic Braking during Direct Collapse Black Hole Formation
Authors: Latif Muhammad A. , Schleicher Dominik R. G.
Published: July 2023

Magnetic fields are expected to be efficiently amplified during the formation of the first massive black holes via the small-scale dynamo and in the presence of strong accretion shocks occurring during gravitational collapse. Here, we analyze high-resolution cosmological magnetohydrodynamical simulations of gravitational collapse in atomic cooling halos, exploring the dynamical role of magnetic fields, particularly concerning the effect of magnetic braking and angular momentum transport. We find that after the initial amplification, magnetic fields contribute to the transport of angular momentum and reduce it compared to pure hydrodynamical simulations. However, the magnetic and Reynolds torques do not fully compensate for the inward advection of angular momentum, which still accumulates over timescales of ∼1 Myr. A Jeans analysis further shows that magnetic pressure strongly contributes to suppressing fragmentation on scales of 0.1–10 pc. Overall, the presence of magnetic fields thus aids in the transport of angular momentum and favors the formation of massive objects.
Shock Synthesis of Organic Molecules by Meteoroids in the Atmosphere of Titan
Authors: Flowers Erin E. , Chyba Christopher F.
Published: July 2023

Thermochemical modeling and shock-tube experiments show that shocks applied to N2/CH4 gas mixtures can synthesize organic molecules. Sufficiently large, hypersonic meteoroids entering the atmosphere of Saturn’s moon Titan should therefore drive organic chemistry. To do so meteoroids must be sufficiently large compared to the atmospheric mean free path at a given altitude to generate shocks, and deposit enough energy per path length to produce temperatures high enough to excite and dissociate the relevant molecules. The Cassini spacecraft imaged multiple meteoroid impacts on Saturn’s rings, allowing for the first time an empirical estimate to be made of the flux and size–frequency distributions of meteoroids in the millimeter-to-meter size range. We combine these results with an atmospheric entry model and thermochemical and experimental shock production efficiencies for N2/CH4 atmospheres and calculate the shock production rates for HCN, C2H2, and C2H4 as well as the resulting H2 generation. We find that meteoroids may be producing these molecules at as much as ∼1% the production rate of photochemistry driven by UV photons, and may be depositing more energy than magnetospheric ions and 90–100 nm UV photons. Moreover, these meteoroids produce these organic molecules hundreds of kilometers lower in Titan’s atmosphere than the relevant UV photons and magnetospheric ions penetrate, with peak production occurring between 200 and 500 km altitudes, i.e., at the observed haze layer. Meteoroid-driven shock generation of molecules may therefore be crucial to understanding Titan’s atmospheric chemistry.
Storie di Terracotta 1: International Conference. What Can Terracottas Tell Us: Coroplastic Polysemy in the Ancient Mediterranean. Cagliari, Cittadella dei Musei 10–12th November 2022
Authors: Carboni Romina , Cenci Claudia , Chiarenza Nicola
Published: July 2023

This conference was planned as the first in a series of scholarly events dedicated to the study of votives, with a special focus on the role of figurative terracottas in the ancient Mediterranean. These highly versatile artifacts had a polysemic value that was manifested relatively directly by the formal language used, by their contexts of discovery, and by their association with other votive objects.
Learning by Sharing Field Experiences and Providing Feedback in a Humanitarian Network Scenario
Authors: Muck Kátia
Published: July 2023

What we learn, why we learn, and the way we learn it have changed over history. Education used to take place in scenarios specially built for the learning-teaching process, and students used to go to those places to learn passively from teachers, who were the holders of the knowledge, and the content students should learn. This scenario and the roles of the participants in the educational process have changed over time. With the advance of technological tools and the wide spreading of the internet, content has become available for everyone with access to the worldwide network. According to the World Bank, internet access in the world increased considerably in the last twenty years, from 7% (2000) to 60% (2020). In this new picture, students can engage in the educational process from everywhere (home, workplace, and so on). They are also becoming more active in the learning process by looking for the content they want/need to learn.