bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ganadería, Poblamiento y Deforestación de los Ecosistemas Amazónicos Caqueteños (1951-1980)
Authors: Bedoya Edinson Orlando Ceballos
Published: August 2022

Los ecosistemas amazónicos caqueteños padecen a lo largo del período 1951-1980 un proceso de transformación a causa de la deforestación que genera la consolidación de la ganadería como modelo de desarrollo económico predominante. Las anteriores circunstancias causan la deforestación de aproximadamente 500.000 mil hectáreas de selvas prístinas usadas para la siembra de pastos para la cría, ceba y lechería bovina. El artículo está fundamentado en el uso de diversas fuentes extraídas de los fondos gobierno y agricultura del Archivo Central de la Gobernación del Caquetá que son analizadas con el propósito de entender el rol de las instituciones estatales en la consolidación de la ganadería extensiva, asimismo, se hace uso de documentos del Archivo Parroquial de Puerto Rico utilizados para describir la formación de una zona de colonización agropecuaria en la zona norte del piedemonte. En el proceso de mercantilización de la naturaleza que se presenta en el Caquetá en el período 1951-1980 tienen una gran incidencia las instituciones estatales y sus funcionarios, igualmente, los intereses económicos de gremios y ganaderos terratenientes que generan un proceso de acumulación de tierras en la zona del piedemonte caqueteño e inducen la expansion de la ganadería hacia el interior de las llanuras selváticas caqueteñas.
Cattle Ranching in Colombia: A Monolithic Industry?
Authors: Campuzano Lorena , Angel Natalia Triana , Burkart Stefan
Published: August 2022

This article analyzes literature on the history of cattle ranching and agricultural innovation adoption in Colombia to understand how livestock production systems have evolved from the 1950s until today. Departing from new scholarship that has questioned the idea that cattle ranching has been only a land-grabbing strategy dominated by few elites, this article focuses on the adoption of improved pastures and the role of key institutions such as the CIAT on the transformation of practices and the shortcomings of technification. It shows that Colombia has had big transformations with the introduction of improved pastures, particularly Brachiaria, but these transformations did not translate into a radical change in the dominant extensive livestock production systems. Instead of promoting intensification, the adoption of Brachiaria has allowed producers to expand more, often resulting in large deforestation.  One of the main contributions of this article is the analysis of economic, developmentalist, and institutional reports that are not often used to construct historical analysis. It can also serve to scholars interested on adoption of agricultural techniques.
РАЗМЫШЛЕНИЯ О КОСМИЧЕСКОМ ПРАВЕ
Authors: Захарцев Сергей , Сальников Виктор
Published: August 2022

В статье показана опасность действий США, направленных на контроль над мировым Интернетом с помощью космических спутников. Такая опасность в первую очередь связана с возможными нарушениями прав человека, военной безопасностью и экологическими проблемами. Разъясняется, что указанные действия необходимо урегулировать в рамках космического права. Делается вывод о том, что необходимость скорейшего развития космического права является актуальной задачей для безопасности государств. Развитие космического права также интересно в контексте теории права. Право ранее регламентировало только более‐менее изученную человеком деятельность: труд, экономику, медицину и т. д. Регулирование космоса – попытка права регламентировать деятельность человека в неисследованной сфере. Предлагается создать самостоятельную научную специальность – космическое право.
Penilaian Risiko Keamanan Data Karyawan Pada Sistem Informasi Dengan Menggunakan Framework Nist Sp 800-30 pada PT. ABC
Authors: Fahrudin Nur fitrianti , Nugraha S Aditya , Ramadhan Putra Kurnia
Published: August 2022

Keamanan data karyawan pada sistem informasi memiliki beberapa risiko yang bisa terjadi yang tentunya dapat menyebabkan kerugian di dalam perusahaan. Risiko dapat berupa kejadian dan kondisi yang dapat mengganggu layanan dan menghambat proses pengambilan keputusan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan manajemen risiko keamanan data karyawan di perusahaan PT. ABC dengan menggunakan kerangka kerja (framework) NIST SP 800-30 dan untuk mengetahui risiko yang timbul. Jika tidak ada manajemen risiko pada perusahaan maka perusahaan tidak akan tahu risiko apa saja yang terjadi dan dampak yang terjadi. Penelitian ini diawali dengan memetakan risiko, menilai risiko, memberikan rekomendasi sesuai dengan tingkat ancamannya. Hasil risiko keseluruhan terdiri dari ancaman alam, manusia dan kesalahan teknis didapatkan potensi risiko sebesar 14% untuk risiko rendah, 36% untuk risiko sedang, dan 50% untuk risiko tinggi        Adapun saran yang diberikan adalah: melakukan pemeliharaan sistem secara berkala, sistem perlu ditunjang oleh software & hardware yang memadai.
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR EARLY DETECTION OF STUDENT MENTAL HEALTH USING FUZZY SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING
Authors: Nawindah Nawindah
Published: August 2022

Masalah kesehatan mental yang tinggi mengakibatkan penurunan peran akademik , mahasiswa yang mengalami trauma berulang perlu melakukan konseling  agar potensinya dapat berkembang secara optimal, mampu mengatasi masalahnya serta mampu menyesuaikan diri di tengah perubahan yang sering terjadi. Belum adanya pemeriksaan kesehatan yang rutin dilakukan oleh mahasiswa menyebabkan diperlukannya sebuah cara untuk mendukung dalam pengambilan keputusan. Untuk itu diperlukan sebuah metode untuk mendeteksi secara dini tingkat kesehatan mental mahasiswa dengan metode fuzzy simple additive weighting yang hasilnya dapat menjadi rekomendasi. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan 10 sampel data mahasiswa yang telah menjawab pertanyaan self reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) dengan tingkat yang berbeda-beda yaitu : 5 mahasiswa yang direkomendasikan memiliki tingkat kesehatan mental berat, 4 mahasiswa direkomendasikan memiliki kesehatan mental sedang dan 1 mahasiswa memiliki tingkat kesehatan ringan. Untuk mahasiswa yang memiliki kesehatan berat dan sedang maka diperlukan konsultasi psikologis secara rutin.
SISTEM PENCARIAN FASILITAS KEUANGAN TERDEKAT BERBASIS WEB DENGAN METODE SPHERICAL LAW OF COSINES (SLOC)
Authors: Rohman Arif , Fajri Hersanto , Al Ikhsan Safaruddin Hidayat
Published: August 2022

Sebagai perantara pendukung yang amat vital untuk menunjang kelancaran perekonomian. Lembaga Keuangan memiliki berbagai bentuk fasilitas keuangan yang terdiri dari ATM, kantor cabang, kantor pusat dan lain sebagainya. Sebagai salah satu bentuk realisasi terhadap peningkatan pelaksanaan dan pelayanan serta memberikan penyebaran informasi fasilitas keuangan yang lengkap, Lembaga keuangan tentunya harus dapat mempermudah masyarakat untuk mendapatkan informasi fasilitas keuangan yang informatif, valid dan up to date. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun aplikasi pencarian fasilitas keuangan berdasarkan lokasi berbasis web sebagai salah satu sarana untuk memanfaatkan infrastruktur dan akses terhadap bidang teknologi yang berguna bagi perkembangan perekonomian, Aplikasi ini memerlukan akses internet, memiliki fitur yang memudahkan masyarakat dalam menentukan fasilitas keuangan yang dipilih, Leaflet API untuk menampilkan peta lokasi dan formula Spherical Law of Cosines untuk mengukur jarak lokasi antara pencari fasilitas keuangan dan fasilitas keuangan tersebut, sehingga dapat menghasilkan informasi fasilitas keuangan terdekat yang dibutuhkan berdasarkan lokasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah dibangunnya aplikasi pencarian fasilitas keuangan berbasis web dengan menggunakan formula Spherical Law of Cosines. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah formula Spherical Law of Cosines hanya menghitung jarak dari garis lurus antara 2 titik lokasi, dengan menghiraukan medan yang dihadapi. Formula ini memiliki ketepatan dengan toleransi sekitar 0-5 meter dan kalkulasi jarak yang lebih cepat 80% dibandingkan dengan formula lainnya seperti formula Haversine.
Is hiccups a precursor to a stroke?
Authors: Ahmadi Sajjad , Morteza Bagi Hamid Reza , Hanifeh Parya
Published: August 2022

Hiccups that last more than 48 hours are known as persistent hiccups. A 38-year-old man presented to the emergency with a 3-day history of persistent hiccups, and after partial treatment and normal test results, he was discharged from the emergency. After 22 hrs, he was brought to the emergency again with a complaint of stuttering and was admitted with a chance of stroke. A 50% stenosis development in the right carotid artery was reported, and the MRI results were normal. After 20 hrs of admission, the patient's stutter was thoroughly treated, and he was discharged with the diagnosis of TIA. Persistent hiccups can be a precursor to a stroke.
Non-traumatic Spontaneous Spinal Subdural Hematoma in a Patient with Acute Paraplegia
Authors: Sağlık Ali , Şencan Fahir , Giray Tufan Akın , Ocak Tarık
Published: August 2022

Acute non-traumatic spinal subdural hematoma (SSDH) is a rare clinical condition in the emergency medicine practice and difficult to diagnose during the primary physical examination. It mostly occurs at thoracal vertebra levels due to trauma, use of anticoagulants, medical procedures such as acupuncture, arteriovenous malformations, hematological disorders or space-occupying lesions. Here, we discussed an elderly female patient who was not on anticoagulant and described sudden loss of muscle strength and sensation in both lower extremities. Initial laboratory and imaging including brain computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were in normal range. Her secondary examination revealed anesthesia under the T4 dermatome level. Cervical spine-MRI imaging revealed a subdural hematoma significantly compressing the spinal cord on the C7-T1 dermatome segments. Any emergency neurosurgical intervention was not considered and the patient was interned in the neurosurgical clinic for conservative treatment and further examination. Patient , with no progress seen in consecutive MRI scans, was discharged after offering an outpatient check-up. We recommend secondary physical examination in emergency department (ED). In the case of appearance of sensory deficits of certain dermatomes, spine-MR imaging may lead to put the diagnose early in ED.
Digital pathology incorporation in CPT codes: a gateway for expansion into clinical practice?
Authors: Cossio Manuel
Published: August 2022

Digital pathology is a field that is penetrating clinical practice and medicine with increasing power. That is why recently, for the first time in history, practices from this discipline have been incorporated into Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. This fact has a direct impact on computational pathology and could be the capstone to promote the immersion of algorithms in clinical diagnosis.
Cover crops and preemergence herbicides: An integrated approach for weed management in corn-soybean systems in the US Midwest
Authors: Grint Kolby R. , Arneson Nicholas J. , Arriaga Francisco , DeWerff Ryan , Oliveira Maxwel , Smith Daniel H. , Stoltenberg David E. , Werle Rodrigo
Published: August 2022

Adoption of a fall established, high biomass cereal rye cover crop has potential to diversify weed management in corn and soybean production systems, reducing the selection pressure for resistance to postemergence herbicides. However, farmers and crop consultants express concern about limited weed suppression from an overwintering cover crop in areas where high biomass production is limited by cooler spring temperatures, such as in the Upper-Midwest U.S. Use of a preemergence herbicide, regardless of cover crop adoption, is a standard recommendation for improving early season weed control in corn and soybean. Field experiments were conducted at two sites in Wisconsin to assess the effects of six soil management practices (tillage, no-till, and four cereal rye cover crop termination timings/methods) with or without the use of a preemergence herbicide on weed suppression at the time of postemergence herbicide application and crop productivity. Results showed that cereal rye biomass increased > 6x between termination at the time of cash crop planting versus termination two weeks later. In corn and soybean, weed ground cover was lower for soil management with cereal rye cover crop terminated two weeks after cash crop planting (≤ 7% weed cover) compared to all other soil management practices (≥ 23% weed cover) when a preemergence herbicide was not used. Use of a preemergence herbicide resulted in low weed ground cover across treatments in corn (≤ 7% weed cover) and soybean (≤ 13% weed cover). Corn and soybean yield was not affected by preemergence herbicide treatments. Corn yield was lower at the south-central Wisconsin location for the soil management with a cereal rye cover crop terminated two weeks after cash crop planting (9.82 Mg ha-1) compared to all other soil management practices (≥ 12.07 Mg ha-1); at the southwest Wisconsin location, corn yield was greater for the conventional tillage treatment (14.28 Mg ha-1) compared to all other soil management treatments (≤ 10.89 Mg ha-1). Soil management did not affect soybean yield, although yields were different between locations with 3.44 Mg ha-1 at the south-central Wisconsin compared to 4.77 Mg ha-1 at the southwest Wisconsin location. These results indicate that in the absence of a high biomass cereal rye cover crop, preemergence herbicides are important for in-season weed control. Also, the inclusion of a late-terminated cereal rye cover crop in soybean should be considered as an effective management practice for reducing weed ground cover without affecting crop yield.
Revealing the nanometric structural changes in myocardial infarction models by time-lapse intravital imaging
Authors: Kuo Chiung Wen , Pratiwi Feby Wijaya , Liu Yen-Ting , Chueh Di-Yen , Chen Peilin
Published: August 2022

In the development of bioinspired nanomaterials for therapeutic applications, it is very important to validate the design of nanomaterials in the disease models. Therefore, it is desirable to visualize the change of the cells in the diseased site at the nanoscale. Heart diseases often start with structural, morphological, and functional alterations of cardiomyocyte components at the subcellular level. Here, we developed straightforward technique for long-term real-time intravital imaging of contracting hearts without the need of cardiac pacing and complex post processing images to understand the subcellular structural and dynamic changes in the myocardial infarction model. A two-photon microscope synchronized with electrocardiogram signals was used for long-term in vivo imaging of a contracting heart with subcellular resolution. We found that the structural and dynamic behaviors of organelles in cardiomyocytes closely correlated with heart function. In the myocardial infarction model, sarcomere shortening decreased from ∼15% (healthy) to ∼8% (diseased) as a result of impaired cardiac function, whereas the distances between sarcomeres increased by 100 nm (from 2.11 to 2.21 μm) in the diastolic state. In addition, T-tubule system regularity analysis revealed that T-tubule structures that were initially highly organized underwent significant remodeling. Morphological remodeling and changes in dynamic activity at the subcellular level are essential to maintain heart function after infarction in a heart disease model.
A comparative study of tumour-on-chip models with patient-derived xenografts for predicting chemotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Ong Louis Jun Ye , Chia Shumei , Wong Stephen Qi Rong , Zhang Xiaoqian , Chua Huiwen , Loo Jia Min , Chua Wei Yong , Chua Clarinda , Tan Emile , Hentze Hannes , Tan Iain Beehuat , DasGupta Ramanuj , Toh Yi-Chin
Published: August 2022

Inter-patient and intra-tumour heterogeneity (ITH) have prompted the need for a more personalised approach to cancer therapy. Although patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models can generate drug response specific to patients, they are not sustainable in terms of cost and time and have limited scalability. Tumour Organ-on-Chip (OoC) models are in vitro alternatives that can recapitulate some aspects of the 3D tumour microenvironment and can be scaled up for drug screening. While many tumour OoC systems have been developed to date, there have been limited validation studies to ascertain whether drug responses obtained from tumour OoCs are comparable to those predicted from patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. In this study, we established a multiplexed tumour OoC device, that consists of an 8 × 4 array (32-plex) of culture chamber coupled to a concentration gradient generator. The device enabled perfusion culture of primary PDX-derived tumour spheroids to obtain dose-dependent response of 5 distinct standard-of-care (SOC) chemotherapeutic drugs for 3 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The in vitro efficacies of the chemotherapeutic drugs were rank-ordered for individual patients and compared to the in vivo efficacy obtained from matched PDX models. We show that quantitative correlation analysis between the drug efficacies predicted via the microfluidic perfusion culture is predictive of response in animal PDX models. This is a first study showing a comparative framework to quantitatively correlate the drug response predictions made by a microfluidic tumour organ-on-chip (OoC) model with that of PDX animal models.
Accuracy of additive manufacturing in stomatology
Authors: Tang Yao , Zhang Yunfan , Meng Zhaoqiang , Sun Qiannan , Peng Liying , Zhang Lingyun , Lu Wenhsuan , Liang Wei , Chen Gui , Wei Yan
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of the three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in recent decades, precise and personalized manufacturing has been achieved gradually, bringing benefit to biomedical application, especially stomatology clinical practice. So far, 3D printing has been widely applied to prosthodontics, orthodontics, and maxillofacial surgery procedures, realizing accurate, efficient operation processes and promising treatment outcomes. Although the printing accuracy has improved, further exploration is still needed. Herein, we summarized the various additive manufacturing techniques and their applications in dentistry while highlighting the importance of accuracy (precision and trueness).
Unpacking determinants and consequences of food insecurity for insulin resistance among people living with HIV: Conceptual framework and protocol for the NOURISH-OK study
Authors: Wetherill Marianna S. , Bakhsh Casey , Caywood Lacey , Williams Mary B. , Hartwell Micah L. , Wheeler Denna L. , Hubach Randolph D. , Teague T. Kent , Köhler Gerwald , Hebert James R. , Weiser Sheri D.
Published: August 2022

Background

Over the past four decades, advances in HIV treatment have contributed to a longer life expectancy for people living with HIV (PLWH). With these gains, the prevention and management of chronic co-morbidities, such as diabetes, are now central medical care goals for this population. In the United States, food insecurity disproportionately impacts PLWH and may play a role in the development of insulin resistance through direct and indirect pathways. The Nutrition to Optimize, Understand, and Restore Insulin Sensitivity in HIV for Oklahoma (NOURISH-OK) will use a novel, multi-level, integrated framework to explore how food insecurity contributes to insulin resistance among PLWH. Specifically, it will explore how food insecurity may operate as an intermediary risk factor for insulin resistance, including potential linkages between upstream determinants of health and downstream consequences of poor diet, other behavioral risk factors, and chronic inflammation.

Methods/design

This paper summarizes the protocol for the first aim of the NOURISH-OK study, which involves purposeful cross-sectional sampling of PLWH (n=500) across four levels of food insecurity to test our conceptual framework. Developed in collaboration with community stakeholders, this initial phase involves the collection of anthropometrics, fasting blood samples, non-blood biomarkers, 24-hour food recall to estimate the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) score, and survey data. A 1-month, prospective observational sub-study (total n=100; n=25 for each food security group) involves weekly 24-hour food recalls and stool samples to identify temporal associations between food insecurity, diet, and gut microbiome composition. Using structural equation modeling, we will explore how upstream risk factors, including early life events, current discrimination, and community food access, may influence food insecurity and its potential downstream impacts, including diet, other lifestyle risk behaviors, and chronic inflammation, with insulin resistance as the ultimate outcome variable. Findings from these analyses of observational data will inform the subsequent study aims, which involve qualitative exploration of significant pathways, followed by development and testing of a low-DII® food as medicine intervention to reverse insulin resistance among PLWH (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05208671).

Discussion

The NOURISH-OK study will address important research gaps to inform the development of food as medicine interventions to support healthy aging for PLWH.
Childhood social isolation causes anxiety-like behaviors via the damage of blood-brain barrier in amygdala in female mice
Authors: Wu Xiao , Ding Zengbo , Fan Tengteng , Wang Ke , Li Suxia , Zhao Jing , Zhu Weili
Published: August 2022

Social interaction plays an essential role in species survival for socialized animals. Previous studies have shown that a lack of social interaction such as social isolation, especially in the early-life phase, increases the risk of developing mental diseases in adulthood. Chronic social stress alters blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and increases peripheral cytokines to infiltrate the brain, which is linked to the development of depressive-like behaviors in mice, suggesting that BBB function is crucial in environmental stimuli-driven mood disorders via increased neuroinflammation in the brain. However, the precise mechanisms of inflammation and BBB integrity underlying the behavioral profiles induced by social isolation remain poorly understood. Here we showed that chronic childhood social isolation from post-weaning for consecutive 8 weeks in female but not male C57BL/6J mice induces anxiety-like behaviors. The levels of peripheral inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the plasma of socially isolated female mice were increased. Importantly, we found decreased expression of the endothelial cell tight junction protein Claudin-5, increased BBB breakdown and microglial activation in the amygdala of isolated but not group-housed female mice. Moreover, the neuronal activity in the amygdala was increased as evidenced by c-fos positive cells, and the levels of IL-1β in the amygdala, a critical brain region for regulating social processing and interaction, were also higher in female mice exposed to social isolation. Finally, down-regulation of Claudin-5 induced anxiety-like behaviors in group-housed females and overexpression of Claudin-5 with adeno-associated virus in the amygdala to restore BBB integrity decreased subsequent anxiety-like behaviors. Together, these findings suggest that chronic childhood social isolation impaired BBB permeability and caused neuroinflammation in the amygdala by recruiting peripheral cytokines into the brain and activating microglia, consequently triggering the development of anxiety-like behaviors in female mice.
Phosphonic acid-containing inhibitors of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1
Authors: Zhao Xue Zhi , Wang Wenjie , Lountos George T. , Tropea Joseph E. , Needle Danielle , Pommier Yves , Burke Terrence R.
Published: August 2022

Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) repairs stalled type I topoisomerase (TOP1)-DNA complexes by hydrolyzing the phosphodiester bond between the TOP1 Y723 residue and the 3′-phosphate of its DNA substrate. Although TDP1 antagonists could potentially reduce the dose of TOP1 inhibitors needed to achieve effective anticancer effects, the development of validated TDP1 inhibitors has proven to be challenging. This may, in part, be due to the open and extended nature of the TOP1 substrate binding region. We have previously reported imidazopyrazines and imidazopyridines that can inhibit TDP1 catalytic function in vitro. We solved the TDP1 crystal structures with bound inhibitors of this class and found that the dicarboxylic acid functionality within the N-(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-2-diphenylimidazo [1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine platform overlaps with aspects of phosphoryl substrate recognition. Yet phosphonic acids could potentially better-replicate cognate TOP1-DNA substrate binding interactions than carboxylic acids. As reported herein, we designed phosphonic acid-containing variants of our previously reported carboxylic acid-containing imidazopyrazine and imidazopyridine inhibitors and effected their synthesis using one-pot Groebke–Blackburn–Bienayme multicomponent reactions. We obtained crystal structures of TDP1 complexed with a subset of inhibitors. We discuss binding interactions of these inhibitors within the context of phosphate-containing substrate and carboxylic acid-based inhibitors. These compounds represent a new structural class of small molecule ligands that mimic aspects of the 3′-processed substrate that results from TDP1 catalysis.
The impact of climate change on food systems, diet quality, nutrition, and health outcomes: A narrative review
Authors: Owino Victor , Kumwenda Chiza , Ekesa Beatrice , Parker Megan E. , Ewoldt Laina , Roos Nanna , Lee Warren T. , Tome Daniel
Published: August 2022

Many consequences of climate change undermine the stability of global food systems, decreasing food security and diet quality, and exposing vulnerable populations to multiple forms of malnutrition. The emergence of pandemics such as Covid-19 exacerbate the situation and make interactions even more complex. Climate change impacts food systems at different levels, including changes in soil fertility and crop yield, composition, and bioavailability of nutrients in foods, pest resistance, and risk of malnutrition. Sustainable and resilient food systems, coupled with climate-smart agriculture, are needed to ensure sustainable diets that are adequately diverse, nutritious, and better aligned with contextual ecosystem functions and environmental conservation. Robust tools and indicators are urgently needed to measure the reciprocal food systems-climate change interaction, that is further complicated by pandemics, and how it impacts human health.
Effects and safety of Chinese herbal medicine on inflammatory biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Mingdi , Zhou Iris Wenyu , Trevillyan Janine , Hearps Anna C. , Zhang Anthony Lin , Jaworowski Anthony
Published: August 2022

Inflammation drives cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with underlying chronic inflammatory diseases, including People with HIV (PWH), independently of dyslipidemia. Adjunctive treatments that lower inflammation may be useful to lower CVD risk in such populations. There is very little data on the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in reducing inflammation in PWH to address its potential in reducing this CVD risk factor, therefore we evaluated its impact on inflammatory biomarkers relevant to CVD risk in the general population. Six English and Chinese databases were searched for studies investigating CHM’s effects on inflammatory biomarkers relevant to CVD from respective inceptions to February 2022. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted and the most-frequently prescribed herbs were identified. Thirty-eight RCTs involving 4,047 participants were included. Greater than or equal to 50% of included studies had a low risk of bias in five domains (random sequence generation, detection, attrition, reporting and other bias) and 97% had a high risk of performance bias. CHM provided significant additive effects on attenuating relevant inflammatory indices including hs-CRP (SMD −2.05, 95% CI −2.55 to −1.54), IL-6 (SMD −1.14, 95% CI −1.63 to −0.66) and TNF-α levels (SMD −0.88, 95% CI −1.35 to −0.41), but no significant effects on hs-CRP were found between CHM and placebo when co-treating with Western drugs (MD 0.04, 95% CI −1.66 to 1.74). No severe adverse events were reported in CHM groups. The two most prevalent herbs present in formulae demonstrating reduction of at least one inflammatory biomarker were Dan shen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huang qi (Astragali Radix). CHM, in combination with standard anti-inflammatory medications, may depress inflammation and reduce the risk of inflammatory conditions such as CVD. Rigorously-conducted trials and adequate reporting are needed to provide more robust evidence supporting the use of CHM to reduce CVD risk in people with underlying chronic inflammation such as PWH.
Case report: Transplantation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte patches for ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Miyagawa Shigeru , Kainuma Satoshi , Kawamura Takuji , Suzuki Kota , Ito Yoshito , Iseoka Hiroko , Ito Emiko , Takeda Maki , Sasai Masao , Mochizuki-Oda Noriko , Shimamoto Tomomi , Nitta Yukako , Dohi Hiromi , Watabe Tadashi , Sakata Yasushi , Toda Koichi , Sawa Yoshiki
Published: August 2022

Despite major therapeutic advances, heart failure, as a non-communicable disease, remains a life-threatening disorder, with 26 million patients worldwide, causing more deaths than cancer. Therefore, novel strategies for the treatment of heart failure continue to be an important clinical need. Based on preclinical studies, allogenic human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) patches have been proposed as a potential therapeutic candidate for heart failure. We report the implantation of allogeneic hiPSC-CM patches in a patient with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ClinicalTrials.gov, #jRCT2053190081). The patches were produced under clinical-grade conditions and displayed cardiogenic phenotypes and safety in vivo (severe immunodeficient mice) without any genetic mutations in cancer-related genes. The patches were then implanted via thoracotomy into the left ventricle epicardium of the patient under immunosuppressive agents. Positron emission tomography and computed tomography confirmed the potential efficacy and did not detect tumorigenesis in either the heart or other organs. The clinical symptoms improved 6 months after surgery, without any major adverse events, suggesting that the patches were well-tolerated. Furthermore, changes in the wall motion in the transplanted site were recovered, suggesting a favorable prognosis and the potential tolerance to exercise. This study is the first report of a successful transplant of hiPSC-CMs for severe ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Biogeographic barriers in the circulation and interaction of hunter-gatherer marine fishers: The role of the Taitao Peninsula and the Gulf of Penas (∼ 47°S) in the differentiation of the cultural trajectories of West Patagonia
Authors: Reyes Omar , Méndez César , San Román Manuel , Belmar Carolina , Nuevo-Delaunay Amalia
Published: August 2022

Archaeological research on the settlement of the Patagonian archipelago in the extreme South of South America by groups of hunter-gatherers, fishers or canoeists involves both an understanding of the various modes of subsistence and the possible flows of goods and human interactions that could have occurred from the middle Holocene in this extensive territory. Therefore, the study of how the geographical barriers occurring in Western Patagonia operated is fundamental because it allows to evaluate and discuss not only the characteristics and particularities of the occupation of the archipelagic territory but also its role in the circulation and contact of canoe populations, their relevance in the settlement and occupation of the Patagonian archipelago and their possible impact on the differentiation of the cultural trajectories of the canoe groups that inhabited it. We review and discuss the archaeological record of the areas adjacent to the geographical barrier formed by the Taitao Peninsula and the Northeastern and Southern coast of the Gulf of Penas (47°S) in West Patagonia. This extensive geographical area acted as a permeable barrier, conditioning, over time, maritime mobility and circulation routes, channeling or limiting the access and contact between the canoe groups on both sides.
Pre-licensure medical students’ knowledge and views on interprofessional learning: A qualitative concept analysis based on real-world data
Authors: Berger-Estilita Joana , Merlo Sofia , Guttormsen Sissel , Fuchs Alexander , Greif Robert , Chiang Hsin
Published: August 2022

Background

The several definitions of Interprofessional Education (IPE) allow for different interpretations and interchangeable terms. This study aims to determine the characteristics and attributes of the definition of IPE.

Materials and methods

In November 2019, 31 medical students (64.5% female) from a single institution took part in nine semi-structured interviews. We created a deductive three-level code system followed by an inductive code system based on several known IPE definitions. We extracted the main entities of the concept of IPE according to both code systems to create a framework. We used MaxQDA software for qualitative analysis. Verification of codes and categories was attained through sequential peer-debrief.

Results

Participants correctly named the WHO’s definition of IPE, and outlined its four main dimensions according to the Interprofessional Education Collaborative report. We found new IPE attributes and demonstrated the weight of communication and role recognition. Two-thirds of medical students mentioned IPE activities that we classified as a contrary model (without collaboration or patient-centeredness) and a minimum weight was given to the importance of patient-centeredness.

Conclusion

Medical students’ understanding of the concept of IPE is coherent. We deepened the understanding of previously identified definitions of IPE, and we identified new attributes of the concept. Finally, we added “well-being” as a component of interprofessionality.

Clinical Trial Registration

[https://www.isrctn.com/], identifier [ISRCTN41715934].
Predictors of consciousness improvement in patients with hypoglycemic encephalopathy
Authors: Lee Yu Eun , Lee Eun Ja , Lee Seung Eun , Park Jinkyeong
Published: August 2022

Aims

Hypoglycemic encephalopathy (HE) can cause long-lasting mental changes, disability, and even death. We aimed to investigate prognostic factors for HE and to determine when the treatment of HE becomes futile.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated the data of patients admitted for prolonged HE at Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital between December 2005 and July 2021. We assessed the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) to assess functional outcome.

Results

Forty-four patients were enrolled in the study. Thirty-two of these showed the improvement on GOS after treatment. Patients with improved consciousness had a shorter duration of hypoglycemia (1.6±1.4 vs. 7.8±15.0 hours, p = 0.04) and a lower incidence of brain lesions than those without improvements in consciousness (76.0% vs. 25.0%, p < 0.01). Patients whose lesions were detected in initial MRIs were 1.3 times less likely to recover consciousness after HE (odds ratios, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.09-1.52; p < 0.01). None of the patients recovered consciousness after 320 h. Maximum time spent to recover was 194 in patients without brain lesions and 319 in those with lesions.

Conclusions

Hypoglycemic brain injury detected in initial MRIs predicted poorer HE prognosis. Nevertheless, treatment should be provided for at least for 14 days after admission.
Nexus Between Equity Pricing Models and Equity Price Fragility: Empirical Insights From Pakistan
Authors: Anser Muhammad Khalid , Yusop Zulkornain , Abbas Shujaat , Ali Sajid , Ahmad Munir
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The study tests conventional and behavioral pricing multifactor impact on price fragility from the equity market of Pakistan.

Methodology: The positivist approach is used to deduct study rationale via probability sampling. At the same time, systematic sampling for data collection of PSX is tested in parallel to mean-variance random walk theory.

Findings: The impact of conventional factors is significant on price fragility in the short run and vice versa in the long run. Specifically, herd behavior and disposition effects are found to be insignificant. But size, value, illiquidity, and price earning had a significant impact on price fragility in the short run.

Limitations: The current research has not covered the desired scope of the topic due to time limitations, lack of harmony in corporate data on databases, and literature on price fragility being very scarce.

Implication: In PSX, there is a need to develop a corporate culture to promote the standard modern financial practice to enhance financial productivity and sustainability. For corporate culture to be established, corporate governance boards should be established, and family governance systems should be replaced by an independent democratic board. Mispricing and arbitragers need serious control.

Originality: The value of the research is that little research currently exists on about pricing multifactor impact on price fragility.
Research on Prediction and Optimization Design Method of Slip Anchoring Performance Based on BP&NSGA-II
Authors: Ming Lu , Hualin Liao , Huajian Wang , Jiansheng Liu , Yuhang He , Fengtao Qu , Wenlong Niu , Yifan Wang
Published: August 2022

The slip of the packer is the core part of the anchoring system. Unreasonable design of the slip structure can easily cause damage to the anchor claw of the slip, unstable anchoring, and even damage to the casing. At present, the main methods of slip anchoring performance tests are indoor design and field tests, and slips with different structural parameters need to be processed to verify their anchoring performance. In order to ensure that the slips can play a good anchoring effect and reduce the damage to the casing, this study uses a combination of finite element analysis, BP&NSGA-II, and indoor tests to study the mechanical behavior of the slips during the anchoring process. A prediction model was established to optimize the key parameters affecting anchoring performance, such as slip angle, inclination angle, inner cone angle, the radius of curvature, and spacing. Indoor experiments show that the prediction method can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of the design and test the anchoring performance of slips.
Base-flow segmentation and character analysis of the Huangfuchuan Basin in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, China
Authors: Zhang Yaru , He Yi , Mu Xingmin , Jia Liping , Li Yanlin
Published: August 2022

In recent years, with the deterioration of the ecological environment, runoff in the Yellow River has been decreasing. Given these phenomena, it is necessary to research the base-flow segmentation methods and its characteristics. The Huangfuchuan Basin in the middle reaches of the Yellow River basin was selected as the research area. This paper calculated the base-flow with commonly used base-flow segmentation methods, including Base-flow index method (BFI), Hydrograph-separation techniques (HYSEP), and the digital filtering methods, and compared the applicability of these methods in the study area. Then the variation characteristics, abrupt change year, periodic change, and future trend of the base-flow were analyzed. The results are as follows: 1) Through the analysis and comparison of several common base-flow segmentation methods, these methods had a marked difference in base-flow segmentation. The variance and extreme-ratio of DF4 in the digital filtering methods were small. The correlation between DF4 and other methods was high. DF4 in the digital filtering methods was the most appropriate method in the research area. 2)The runoff and base-flow index presented a decreasing trend. The annual average runoff was 1,100.27 × 104 m3, and the maximum base-flow was 0.21. The base-flow also showed a significant decrease trend by the Mann-Kendall trend test, the average base-flow was 10,578.35 × 104 m3. 3) The base-flow had periodic variations of 3–6, 7–18, and 19–32. In the 19–32 years time scale, three oscillations alternated between abundant and dry. The whole time was 31 years as the center of the periodic change, the first primary cycle of base-flow change. 4) The base-flow mutation occurred in 1986. The Hurst index of base-flow in the Huangfuchuan Basin was 0.84. It was shown that the trend of future development is positively correlated with past change, showing a trend of continuous decrease. Selecting the appropriate method of base-flow segmentation and reasonably analyzing the variation characteristics of base-flow can provide scientific guidance for the ecological environment construction and water resource evaluation in the Huangfuchuan Basin and even the Yellow River Basin.
Coupling coordination analysis of green finance and industrial technology innovation: A case study in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Lin Jingcheng , He Taiyi , Zhao Haoxiang , Zhao Xin
Published: August 2022

Both green finance and industrial technology innovation play irreplaceable roles in the framework of sustainable development. Research on the coupling and coordination between these systems will deepen the realization of sustainable development models. This study applied the TOPSIS entropy weight method to measure the development of green finance and industrial technology innovation in Zhejiang Province between 2012 and 2019 and used the coupling coordination degree model to determine the strength and effect of the interaction between these systems in Zhejiang Province. The results showed strong regional heterogeneity in the development of green finance and industrial technology innovation in the nine cities in Zhejiang Province within the study period. Moreover, mutual assistance and correlation between green finance and industrial technology innovation in the nine cities of Zhejiang Province increased over time. Finally, the effect of green finance and industrial technology innovation in the nine cities of Zhejiang Province was complex. The results of this study may inform policy suggestions regarding the roles potential roles of the government, commercial banks, and enterprises.
Fatty acid composition differs between emergent aquatic and terrestrial insects—A detailed single system approach
Authors: Parmar Tarn Preet , Kindinger Alina L. , Mathieu-Resuge Margaux , Twining Cornelia W. , Shipley Jeremy Ryan , Kainz Martin J. , Martin-Creuzburg Dominik
Published: August 2022

Emergent insects represent a key vector through which aquatic nutrients are transferred to adjacent terrestrial food webs. Aquatic fluxes of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from emergent insects are particularly important subsidies for terrestrial ecosystems due to high PUFA contents in several aquatic insect taxa and their physiological importance for riparian predators. While recent meta-analyses have shown the general dichotomy in fatty acid profiles between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, differences in fatty acid profiles between aquatic and terrestrial insects have been insufficiently explored. We examined the differences in fatty acid profiles between aquatic and terrestrial insects at a single aquatic-terrestrial interface over an entire growing season to assess the strength and temporal consistency of the dichotomy in fatty acid profiles. Non-metric multidimensional scaling clearly separated aquatic and terrestrial insects based on their fatty acid profiles regardless of season. Aquatic insects were characterized by high proportions of long-chain PUFA, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), arachidonic acid (20:4n-6), and α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3); whereas terrestrial insects were characterized by high proportions of linoleic acid (18:2n-6). Our results provide detailed information on fatty acid profiles of a diversity of aquatic and terrestrial insect taxa and demonstrate that the fundamental differences in fatty acid content between aquatic and terrestrial insects persist throughout the growing season. However, the higher fatty acid dissimilarity between aquatic and terrestrial insects in spring and early summer emphasizes the importance of aquatic emergence as essential subsidies for riparian predators especially during the breading season.
Systematic review of gastric cancer-associated genetic variants, gene-based meta-analysis, and gene-level functional analysis to identify candidate genes for drug development
Authors: Lee Sangjun , Yang Han-Kwang , Lee Hyuk-Joon , Park Do Joong , Kong Seong-Ho , Park Sue K.
Published: August 2022

Objective: Despite being a powerful tool to identify novel variants, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are not sufficient to explain the biological function of variants. In this study, we aimed to elucidate at the gene level the biological mechanisms involved in gastric cancer (GC) development and to identify candidate drug target genes.

Materials and methods: We conducted a systematic review for GWAS on GC following the PRISMA guidelines. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-level meta-analysis and gene-based analysis (GBA) were performed to identify SNPs and genes significantly associated with GC. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), disease network, pathway enrichment, gene ontology, gene-drug, and chemical interaction analyses were conducted to elucidate the function of the genes identified by GBA.

Results: A review of GWAS on GC identified 226 SNPs located in 91 genes. In the comprehensive GBA, 44 genes associated with GC were identified, among which 12 genes (THBS3, GBAP1, KRTCAP2, TRIM46, HCN3, MUC1, DAP3, EFNA1, MTX1, PRKAA1, PSCA, and ABO) were eQTL. Using disease network and pathway analyses, we identified that PRKAA, THBS3, and EFNA1 were significantly associated with the PI3K-Alt-mTOR-signaling pathway, which is involved in various oncogenic processes, and that MUC1 acts as a regulator in both the PI3K-Alt-mTOR and P53 signaling pathways. Furthermore, RPKAA1 had the highest number of interactions with drugs and chemicals.

Conclusion: Our study suggests that PRKAA1, a gene in the PI3K-Alt-mTOR-signaling pathway, could be a potential target gene for drug development associated with GC in the future.

Systematic Review Registration: website, identifier registration number.