bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Capsaicin-Coated PE Film on Microbiological and Physiological Properties of Rice during Storage
Authors: Li Xi Hong , Lei Gui Ming , Liu Xia
Published: November 2010

Three repellent coated PE film were development for avoiding storage insects and microorganisms. In this work, the microbiological and physiological properties of tetramethrin, cymperator and capsaicin-coated PE packing for rice grain were investigated. The results showed that the capsaicin-coated PE film was the optimal packaging material to preserve rice grain fresh. After three months storage of rice grain, capsaicin-coated PE inhibited the growth of bacteria and fungi than blank-coated PE, and had the similarly inhibiting roles than potent synthetic insecticide-coated PE packing. Especially, free fatty acid content increasing was decreased in storage of capsaicin-coated PE film, the flavor changes in slow.
Load Transfer Analysis Using Indexes U* and U** for Truck Cab Structures in Initial Phase of Frontal Collision
Authors: Wang En Yang , Nohara Tetsuo , Ishii Hideaki , Hoshino Hiroaki , Takahashi Kunihiro
Published: November 2010

A new index U* which represents load paths in structures was applied to a truck cab under collision. After obtaining the deformed body by a dynamic crash simulation, U* for the extracted deformed body was statically calculated. The distributions of U* were compared with the values of U** obtained in our previous report. The U* and U** distributions show almost the same pattern. However, the absolute value of U* is larger than U** by about 1.6 times. The difference is inevitable because of the difference in their definitions. The concepts of U*sum and its histogram were used to express the effectiveness of the load transfer. Using these expressions, it was shown that the main member of this cab transfers the loading effectively.
Hydrogen Storage Properties of Mg76Ti12Ni12-xCrX(x=0,3,6,9) Alloys by Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Lan Zhi Qiang , Li Shu Bo , Lu Zhao , Guo Jin
Published: November 2010

Mg76Ti12Ni12-xCrx(x=0,3,6,9) alloys were synthesized by mechanical alloying(MA) approach and hydrogen storage properties of the alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and pressure-composition isotherm measurement. It is found that Ti2Ni phase and Mg2Ni phase exist as the main phases in Mg76Ti12Ni12-xCrx(x=0,3,6,9) alloys. The Mg76Ti12Ni12-xCrx(x=0,3,6,9) alloys exhibit the hydrogen storage capacity of 4.61,4.30,4.21 and 4.12wt%, and the decomposition enthalpies of the alloy hydrides are 928.4, 898.3, 831.2 and 851.4J/g H2, respectively. Mg76Ti12Ni6Cr6 alloy shows small hysteresis and fast hydrogen absorption rate. Proper Cr content can improve the performance of the Mg76Ti12Ni12-xCrx(x =0,3,6,9) alloys.
Colored Graph Based BOM Layer Model
Authors: Yan Chong Jing , Song Yan
Published: November 2010

Bill Of Material (BOM) is the most important data for modern manufacturing enterprises. To satisfy different requirements in various departments, BOM is modeled in kinds of ways. Meanwhile, how to transfer BOM between departments become troublesome. As a ideal method, integrated BOM model is out of reach for lacking effective approach. This paper proposes a layered BOM model to integrate multi view into a whole one. Furthermore, colored digraph is applied to represent the layered model in mathematic. Also a BOM case is given to verify the method proposed.
Design and Experimental Research of Gas Cooler for CO2 Heat Pump Water Heater
Authors: Liu Ye Feng , Gong Guo Dong , Chen Xi
Published: November 2010

The advantages of CO2 Heat Pump water heater include: CO2 is one of natural refrigerants and does not affect the global environment as many other HFCs refrigerants; CO2 heat pump water heater can produce hot water up to 90 ,which is higher than HFCs heat pump water heater(about 55 ).So the application of CO2 Heat Pump water heater is potential. But the Working pressure of CO2 Heat Pump Water Heater is about 9~12Mpa and is 3-5times of HFCs heat pump water heater’. Gas cooler is one of important part for CO2 heat pump water heater, and it must meet the needs of not only pressurization but also heat transfer. So it is important to design gas cooler correctly. In the paper, one system of CO2 Trans-critical Cycle Heat Pump Water Heater is designed, and double-pipe gas cooler is designed The heat transfer characteristics of CO2 in gas cooler with water in double-pipe heat exchanger was experimentally investigated. Experimental results showed that the gas cooler can meet the need of trans-critical CO2 cycle heat pump water heater. All the work is valuable for the application of CO2 heat pump water heater.
Elastic Fabric Template of Sheath Dress Based on Dynamic Change
Authors: Lu Xin
Published: November 2010

The basic theoretical research on sheath dress pattern with elastic fabric has put forward higher requirements. In this paper, based on dressing in dynamic change, combining with the body extend measure, the change of the pattern's control parts' specification and detail parts' specification are studied, and a basic sheath dress pattern with elastic fabric based on dynamic change is established. The human body's dynamic and static data show that the parameter of detail parts specification has great changes, while the parameter of control parts' specification parameter has small changes. For body detail parts' specification and structure, the parts that have not great changes only solve the problem of the fabric elastic utilization to meet the needs of the state of tight dress. According to the positions that produce dynamic increment, combining wearing condition, fabric elastic utilization and dynamic parameter, to design detail specification and pattern to satisfy sheath condition and dynamic demand.
Bending and Rotation Movement Control of a Novel Actuator Utilizing Hydrogen Storage Alloys
Authors: Nakai Akihiro , Mizumoto Masayuki , Kagawa Akio
Published: November 2010

A power actuator based on a great volume expansion on hydrogenation of hydrogen storage alloys (HSAs) has been developed. The actuator has a bimorph structure consisting of Pd-Ni alloy and Cu-plating to convert the volume change into bending motion. The techniques to control the bending and rotation motions of the actuator were investigated by adjusting alloy composition, shape and the amount of hydrogen absorbed in the HSA. It is found that Pd-Ni alloy actuators exhibit a cyclic bending motion on hydrogen absorption and desorption cycles and the bending behavior can be controlled by controlling the hydrogen pressure. When a ribbon shaped actuator was deformed into the “L” shape on the transverse section, a rotation motion was observed without modifying the basic bimorph structure of the actuator.
Characters of Nickel-Loaded Activated Carbon Fibers and Adsorption Experiments of Gaseous Mercury
Authors: Ding Jian Dong , Diao Yong Fa , Shen Heng Gen
Published: November 2010

Nickel was loaded on the activated carbon fiber(ACF) surface, by adsorption and sintering. In order to change the chemical functional groups on the carbon fiber surface, and increase catalytic oxidation capacity and removal efficiency of activated carbon fiber to element mercury. The samples of ACF were characterized before and after loading, using XPS and XRD. The results show that the nickel content in the ACF surface was 3.36at.%. The presence of nickel form was NiO and Ni. The adsorption ability of elemental mercury before and after modification was also studied. The breakthrough time was greatly extended after loading. At 95 , the ACF loaded nickel showed the best adsorption performance.
Study on Energy-Saving Product Concept Design Based on TRIZ and Function Analysis
Authors: Zhang Fu Ying , Zhang Hong Chao , Zheng Hui , Zhang Qing Qing
Published: November 2010

The energy consumption and environmental impacts of a product are largely determined during concept design. It is the core for energy saving product development to integrate energy saving into product concept design process. In this paper, a framework for energy-saving product concept design based on TRIZ/function analysis is proposed, the energy flow chart is built based on the analysis of product function. By eliminating the harmful function associated with energy and environment, resolving the conflict parameter and attributes of components in energy and function, the new product that satisfy user needs while minimizing energy consumption is obtained. A case study is also presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design framework.
The Effect of Cable Material Characteristics on Suspendome
Authors: Chen Zhi Hua , Sun Guo Jun , Liu Zhan Sheng
Published: November 2010

Cable is the key component in the prestressed steel structure. In order to study the effect of cable elastic modulus and expansion coefficient on the prestressed steel structure, Suspendome of Tianbao Center was taken as the research object and APDL language is applied to write a corresponding program, thereby carrying out analysis to the model; The results indicate that the change of cable expansion coefficient and cable elastic modulus have a different effect on the performance of the suspendome: at high temperature, the effect of the expansion coefficient of hoop cable and radial cable is larger on the maximum displacement; at low temperature, the effect of the elastic modulus of hoop cable is larger on the support constrained force. Therefore, it is necessary to give precise linear expansion coefficient and elastic modulus for different cables.
Dynamic Optimization of Lift-Arm Luffing Mechanism of Rotary Drilling Rig
Authors: Kang Hui Mei , He Qing Hua , Zhu Jian Xin , Xu Yi She
Published: November 2010

It is a spatial hydraulic-linkage mechanism of the lift-arm luffing mechanism of rotary drilling rig. During the operation, all of the reaction forces (torques) acting on the drill are transmitted to the swing platform by the mechanism. The design quality of the mechanism has a direct effect on the dynamic performance of the rotary drilling rig. A model based on the SWDM-22 rotary drilling rig developed by Hunan Sunward Intelligent Machinery CO., LTD was applied for the optimization study. The Lagrange equation was established on the basis of dynamic mechanics analysis of the equivalent planar hydraulic-linkage mechanism. The load of the hydraulic cylinder of lift-arm was solved and the objective function of the dynamic optimization was established. It is a relative complicated mechanism of the working device and the complete set of constraints were constituted by formulating the structural constraints, position constraints, kinematic constraints, dynamic constraints, and construction safety constraints respectively. The genetic algorithm was adopted to implement the dynamic optimization in consideration of the characteristic of the mathematical model. An optimized design was obtained and the value of the objective function was reduced by 12%. Some discussions about the influence of the evaluation of design variables on the objective function were made and some useful results were obtained.
Calculation Methods for Equivalent Fatigue Stress Amplitude Based on Corten-Dolan Accumulative Damage Rule
Authors: Zhu Hong Bing
Published: November 2010

Structures often enduring random amplitude load or multilevel amplitude load. However, the test researches on fatigue often using equivalent amplitude load. It is very important for fatigue research that how to accurately evaluate structure’s fatigue properties of random amplitude load or multilevel amplitude load when only using equivalent amplitude load fatigue test results. According to damaging degree equivalent principle of multilevel amplitude load or random amplitude load, deduced equivalent stress amplitude calculation formula using linearity Miner accumulative damage rule and Corten-Dolan accumulative damage rule. Introduced the formula’s using method on fatigue detail or fatigue life evaluation. Utilizing the S-N curve and S-N equation from RC beams fatigue experiment, verified the formula aiming at 3 RC beams’ random amplitude fatigue experiment results, and it is indicated that the formula’s results had quite high precision and approached the experimentation result though it is partial security. The formula operated convenience and it had higher precision compared to similar formula, so the formula suit for engineering application.
Optimization Design of Finger Seal Performances Based on Game Theory
Authors: Zhang Yan Chao , Chen Guo Ding
Published: November 2010

To reach the expecting goal of lower leakage ratio and longer operation life(lower wear ratio) for finger seal, great efforts have been made continuously to obtain good structure of finger seal with advanced optimization design technology. A cooperation Nash equilibrium mathematical model of multi-objective optimization for finger seal is presented in current work based on Nash equilibrium of game theory. In this solution, the reciprocal of leakage ratio and the wear ratio value for finger seal are thought as the payoff functions and the game is solved by genetic algorithm. The numerical simulation in the paper shows that the finger seal with better performances can be achieved by using Nash equilibrium method. This means Nash equilibrium method can be used as a new multi-objective optimization method for finger seal performances optimization.
Study on Dynamic Response Optimization and Experimentof the Double Crank Ring-Plate-Type Pin-Cycloidalgear Planetary Drive
Authors: He Wei Dong , Li Li Xing , Wei Wei , Liu Yan
Published: November 2010

The nonlinear analytical modal of the double cranck ring-plate-type pin-cycloid planetary drive system with Multi-DOF was established. Furthermore, the influence of various parameters and clearance changing with time on dynamic response of the system was studied. The vibration mode, vibration modal and resonance frequency on various boundary conditions have been analysed, and a series of pertinent vibration and noise tests have been done. In the meantime, the machine structure and shape of main parts of the new prototype were improved to reduce vibration and noise，the dynamic characteristic optimization of the whole system was obtained. According to the results of theoretical and dynamic test analysis, the main influence factors have been found out. The theory of optimization design and method of the dynamic-response analysis of the double cranck ring-plate-type pin-cycloid planetary drive have been set up. And on the basis, the optimization design of the structure, parameters and toothpfile have been fulfilled. The theoretical basis has been provided in the design of new prototype.
Elasto-Plastic Analysis on Wellbore Stability under the Condition of Permeation
Authors: Sang Jian Bing , Xing Su Fang , Lu Chen Hua , Wang Wen Jia , Liu Bo
Published: November 2010

Maintaining the wellbore stability is a key factor for oil and gas drilling operations. In this paper, sock is regarded porous medium. Crevice pressure, effect of permeation and SD effect are considered. The elastic and plastic stresses around the wellbore sock were analysed according to MVM failure criterion. Distribution of stress and displacement was obtained, which can provide theory reference for the wellbore stability.
Simulation of the Mathematical Model for Lathe Tool Cutter
Authors: Liu Xue Bin , Zhao Wei , Ma Su Chang , Li Chong Ning
Published: November 2010

The numerical controlling simulation of process indicates a mapping of NC machine tool in the virtual environment, and it includes the technique of manufacture, the theories of NC machine tool, CAD, CAM, and the technique of modeling and simulating. The people can apperceive the virtual environment of 3D simulated model developed by computers, carry the NC process of parts in virtual condition before the true doing when we design or alter a project, inspect the exactitude and justification of NC program, evaluate and optimize the project of process. Thereby the intention, abridging the time of developing products, depressing the cost of manufacture, advancing the quality of products and the efficiency of Production, can be finally achieved. With the rapid development of NC technique and computer graphical technology and the extensive application of computer, NC simulation technology provide an effective tool in order to validate the NC machining program and forecast the machine process. The main purpose of this dissertation is to derive the mathematical model and to simulate the lathe tool cutter. In order to enhance the operating efficiency and the demonstration quality of the numerical control lathe simulation software, the analysis has compared a kind of shape about lathe tool cutter-- PARALLELOGRAM, has established the cutter forms, thus inferred the mathematical model of the numerical control lathe simulation on the lathe tool cutter. The cutter is display in the DELPHI software development platform based on the environments of GLSence using this derived mathematical model.
Numerical Simulations of the Spall Damage of the Target Material Induced by Laser Driven Flyer Impacting
Authors: Wang He Jun , Liu Hui Xia , Shen Zong Bao , Li Wei , Zheng Yuan Yuan , Wang Xiao
Published: November 2010

The spall phenomenon has been a subject of constant interest for many years, and it is still widely investigated in various ways including the experiment. This paper uses the method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics and the model of Johnson-Cook tensile cumulative damage to simulate the process of spall induced by the laser-driven flyer loading. Using this method, some numerical simulation results can be obtained, like the different time of the 2D image of damage distribution and the rear free surface velocity histories of target material. These results could offer some useful messages for the study on spall damage.
Temperature Field and Its Influencing Factors of Heavy Rail during Quenching
Authors: Kong Jian Yi , Xu Si Qiang , Li Gong Fa , Yang Jin Tang , Xiong He Gen , Jiang Guo Zhang
Published: November 2010

Heat-treatment was emphasized for its important role to qualify the products of heavy rail, and induction quenching was one of the widely used heating process methods. The temperature field of U71Mn heavy rail during the quenching process and various kinds of factors that may influence temperature field to be distributed were simulated by the FEM software. The result shows that the main factors that influence the way that temperature field was distributed were how long the heating and keeping warm time were, and the value of the pressure of wind when cooing the steel, the difference of which would directly influence the results of the heat treatment of heavy rail. It is significantly valuable for the choice of relevant parameters for the heat treatment of U71Mn heavy rail.
Effect of Catalytic Material in Environment Pollution Treatment
Authors: Zhu Li Nan , Wang Yong Jun , Zhang Lin
Published: November 2010

Some catalytic materials can be utilized in environment pollution treatment. The material of ceramisite can be used in dye wastewater treatment process with its good properties. When they were filled in the high voltage discharge reactor, the ceramsite pellets were polarized, and partial discharge could take place beside every pellet, which would promote methylene blue degeneration in the dye wastewater. And when the solution pH>ceramsite pHzpc, the ceramsite surface presented the electronegativity and the ceramsite could adsorb more methylene blue, and removal rate increased.
Numerical Study on the Flash Gutter of Forging Die Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Zhang Yu , An Zhi Guo , Li Wei
Published: November 2010

Aiming at the lack of the traditional design method of the forging die, the response surface methodology based on design of experiments is proposed to optimize the parameters of flash gutter in forging die. According to the central composite inscribed experiment design, numerical simulation was carried out. On this basis, the quadratic polynomial response surface model was built by regressive analysis. The optimized flash gutter sizes are obtained by analyzing the response surface model with an objective of minimizing flash volume. The forging die of automobile flange has been studied as an illustration to validate the application of the response surface methodology. Finally, the comparison was done using genetic algorithms and the results show that the response surface methodology is better than the genetic algorithms with shorten time and better effect when the factor is small.
Design Scheme and Simulation on Automatic Transmission Travel System of Engineering Vehicles Hydraulic Chassis
Authors: Han Hui Xian , Ren Pi Shun , Cao Xian Li , Liu Mao Fu
Published: November 2010

This study analysis the use requirement of engineering vehicles travel system, introduces the hydraulic system and the design scheme of automatic transmission system, discusses the control strategy and method of engineering vehicles travel speed, modeling and simulating based on the actual system software and hardware and the control Strategy and method of automatic transmission system, verifies the vehicle control effect through virtual test, and draws the full-text conclusion at last.
Innovative Design of Honeycomb Paperboard Production Process
Authors: Ma Su Chang , Jia Hai Li , Liu Xue Bin
Published: November 2010

The TRIZ theory and technology is applied to solv the problems of pasted honeycomb paperboard production process. Aiming at the drawback of pasted honeycomb paperboard production process the analysis of technology contradiction is carried out. Applying technology contradiction solve matrix, through the innovation principles of the Spheroidality and Asymmetry and combined with the characteristics of the production process, innovative design of the spiral forming process has been made.
The Design of Double Strand Silk Semi-Automatic Machine
Authors: Chen Xi Qu , Su Jian Xiu , Shen Hong , Wang Zhan Kui , Shao Feng
Published: November 2010

A double strand silk semi-automatic machine was designed. The numbers, length, twist, rotation direction and speed of the double strand silk it manufactured can be changed according to the engineer need. The end of strand silk it’s produced has a ring which can avoid split, which resolve the traditional silk end split problem.
A 3D FEM Methodology for Air Hammer Bit Design
Authors: Zhu Hai Yan , Liu Qing You , Xiao Xiao Hua , Jing Jia Jia , He Chao
Published: November 2010

Based on the failure mode of air hammer bit, a mechanical model of the tooth on the inclined plane is established. And then a new air hammer flat bit with double declined planes and a big central plat (the outer inclined plane is 40° and the inner one is 20°) is designed. In order to reduce the design cost and cut down the design cycle, we establish a 3D contact model of 12 1/4″ full-scale flat bit, teeth and rock to choose a better end face structure from single and double declined planes, verify the rationality of bit parameters and tooth arrangement, design reasonable shrink range between tooth and tooth-Hole. This 3D FEM methodology for air hammer bit design is economical and useful, it can be used to optimize bit structure and design a new bit.
Thermal Effects of a Large Scale Bridge Tower Based on Field Measurement
Authors: Chen Bo , Song Chun Fang , Zheng Jin
Published: November 2010

Long span suspension bridges are subjected to daily, seasonal and yearly environmental thermal effects induced by solar radiation and ambient air temperature. The temperature loading effects of bridge towers of a long span cable suspension bridge are investigated based on field measurement data from temperature sensors and Global Positioning Systems. The recorded statistical data regarding the ambient/bridge temperature and the tower displacement responses are pre-processed in order to remove unreasonable and undesirable data and ensure the quality of analysis. The statistics of effective bridge temperature undergone by Tsing Ma Bridge are obtained for different time intervals. The mean displacement responses of the bridge towers in three directions are also analyzed to obtain their statistics. The observations demonstrate that the longitudinal thermal displacement of bridge towers is quite larger than those in lateral and vertical directions. The probability properties of thermal displacement of bridge towers are different to those of the commonly accepted Gauss distribution.
A Study on Applying Human-Centered Automation to Network Control Systems in E-Manufacturing
Authors: Shiang Wei Jung , Rau Hsin , Huang Po Tsang B.
Published: November 2010

The advantages of applying Internet in E-manufacturing are lower cost, enhancing distances in remote monitoring and control, but it may have time delay problem and it could decrease system performance and stability. In order to keep network control system more stable and effective, a human-centered automation approach was proposed in the network control system. Experiments were designed to identify significant factors of these network control systems, and the task was to command a mobile robot to complete the maze exploration with five kinds of human-centered network control systems. Total elapsed time and subjective evaluation are performance indexes and defined as dependent variables. Furthermore, personal hobby and level of automation for the network control system are independent variables. According to ANOVA results, level of automation indeed has a significant impact on the network control performance. The manual control obtained highest performance in total elapsed time of completing the task. It also showed that it is feasible to apply human centered automation in E-manufacturing.
A New Magnesium Reduction Jar Materials and Manufacturing Technologies
Authors: Dong Peng Min , Guan Zheng Rong
Published: November 2010

Magnesium reduction Jar can be critical, consumable parts in magnesium reduction process, this paper Introduced the working environment and the common failure modes of magnesium reduction can, based on the failure can cause magnesium reduction, presents a The new structure, developed a new material, and magnesium can restore the original structure was modified, the use of new casting technology to produce a good magnesium reduction tank.
Monitoring and Diagnosis Technique on Slewing Bearing
Authors: Liu Zhi Jun , Chen Jie
Published: November 2010

Slewing bearing is widely used in engineering machinery, wind power generation, rotating restaurant and so on. Therefore, it is essentail to a study of monitoring and daiagnosis technique for slewing bearing. In this article, slewing bearing monitoring and diagnosis technique based on the singal of vibration, temperature, friction torque, acoustic emission, stress wave are introduced, including the methods of singal processing, especially Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT), Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition–Based Multiscale Principal Component Analysis (EEMD-MSPCA) for local fault singal processing are detailed described. At last, various methods are compared.
Solving for Dynamic Problems in Flexible Manufacturing Systems
Authors: Hwang Yunn Lin , Hwang Shen Jenn
Published: November 2010

Generally speaking, the flexible manufacturing systems can be classified into two main groups: open-loop and closed-loop systems. In this investigation, a recursive formulation is developed for the dynamic analysis of open-loop flexible manufacturing systems. The nonlinear generalized Newton-Euler equations are developed for rigid and deformable bodies that undergo large translational and rotational displacements. These equations are formulated in terms of a set of time invariant scalars, vectors and matrices that depend on the spatial coordinates as well as the assumed displacement fields, and these time invariant quantities represent the dynamic coupling between the rigid body motion and elastic deformation. The method to solve equations of motion for open-loop systems consisting of interconnected rigid and deformable bodies is presented in this paper. This method applies recursive method with the Newton-Euler method for deformable bodies to obtain a large, loosely coupled system equations of motion. The solution techniques used to solve for the system equations of motion can be more efficiently implemented in the modern computer systems. The algorithms presented in this paper are demonstrated by using cylindrical joints that can be easily extended to revolute, slider and rigid joints. The recursive formulation developed in this investigation is illustrated by a practical numerical example.
Evaluating Charpy Impact Signals with Different Frequencies Using Power Spectrum Densities
Authors: Abdullah Shahrum , Ali Mohd Basri , Nuawi Mohd Zaki , Mohd Nopiah Zulkifli , Ariffin Kamal A.
Published: November 2010

The dynamic responses of the standard charpy impact machine are experimentally studied using the relevant data acquisition system in order to obtain the impact response. The numerical analysis by means of the finite element method has been used to obtain the findings. The standard charpy modelling using the aluminium 6061 material and low carbon steel 1050 were used for extracting strain responses on the striker during the impact simulation. A power spectrum density (PSD) approach is then applied to convert a signal from the time domain to the frequency domain using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) method. Related parameters of different frequencies, different material, strain signals, power spectrum density (PSD) and the relationship between them were finally correlated and discussed. It was found that the modulus elasticity of materials and frequencies (sample rates) were proportional to the strain signals and PSD during impact simulation.
Microstructure and Piezoelectric Properties of [(K0.5Na0.5)1-xLix](Nb1-yTay)O3 Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics
Authors: Xu Bei , Gao Feng , Li Bo , Liu Liang Liang , Deng Zhen Qi
Published: November 2010

Li+ and Ta5+ modified lead-free piezoelectric ceramics [(K0.5Na0.5)1-xLix](Nb1-yTay)O3 have been prepared by an ordinary sintering technique. Effect of Li+ and Ta5+ on microstructure and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics was systematically studied. A morphotropic phase boundary between orthorhombic and tetragonal phases is identified in the composition range of (0.02≤x≤0.04, 0.15≤y≤0.25), which can enhance electrical properties of [(K0.5Na0.5)1-xLix](Nb1-yTay)O3 ceramics. The Curie temperature TC of these ceramics is lower than that of pure (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 ceramics, but the temperature of orthorhombic to tetragonal phase transition TO-T of the former is higher than that of the latter. TC and TO-T both decrease as the content of Ta5+ increases. With the addition of Li+ increasing, TC increases. The optimal piezoelectric properties are obtained at (x, y)=(0.03, 0.20): piezoelectric constant d33 is 192pC/N; the electromechanical coefficient of the planar mode kp is 44%; room temperature dielectric constant εr is 1049, and the corresponding mechanical quality factor Qm is 49.
Study of Coupling Agent on Properties of Wheat Straw/pp Composite
Authors: Xu Min
Published: November 2010

With malefic anhydride chose as coupling agent, Wheat straw and recycled Polypropylene (PP) was used as the main row material and compounded by isocyanate resin though the hot press technics. The effects of coupling agent on mechanical property of wheat straw/PP composite were studied by orthogonal experiments. The results showed that, if only coupling agent was used, it may have effects on composite, but the properties of composite were poor. If both of MDI and coupling agent were used, it would decrease the effects of MDI resin.
Numerical Simulation Studies on Flexural Behavior of Casing Joint of Square Steel Tube
Authors: Ding Min , Hou Zhen Hua , Jiang Xiu Gen , He Yu Zhi , Zhang Guang Kui , Ju Jin San
Published: November 2010

The numerical simulation studies on flexural behavior of casing joint of square steel tube were carried out by using finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA with consideration of geometric nonlinearity, material nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity. On this basis, the effects of tube wall thickness, tube edge length, and inserting depth on failure mode, ultimate flexural capacity and deformation of casing joint of square steel tube was discussed. The results show that there are two types of failure modes, i.e., inside tube yield failure and outside tube shear failure, when the joints are subjected to lateral concentrated load. Ultimate flexural capacity and rigidity of casing joint of square steel tube increased with the inserting depth increasing. The ultimate flexural capacity of the joint is proportional to tube shear strength, tube wall thickness, inserting depth, and tube edge length. The fruits are useful to the design and application of casing joint of square steel tube.
Analysis of the Relationship between Bus Board Customers' Purchasing Behavior and Business Decision Making
Authors: Han Liang , Du Rong , Shi Ting
Published: November 2010

The paper establishes an Analytic Hierarchy model by applying the basic decision theory of AHP and carefully analyzing consideration factors of bus board customers. Regarding the scientificalness, feasibility, stability and efficiency as evaluation criterions, the model structures judgment matrixes and determines the important degree of each influencing factor with the help of hierarchical single arrangement. The paper provides a reference for the bus board enterprise's decision-making by making clear of main factors affecting its customers’ purchasing behavior.
Modeling and Simulation of Baseball Sweet Spot
Authors: Shi Wen , Zhang Yuan Biao , Zhang Tao , Li Jian Shun , Shi Bao Jun
Published: November 2010

Two aspects in "sweet spot" choosing are defined: the furthest batted-ball displacement and the highest fine-territory probability. A model to determine the "sweet spot" position on the bat is developed based on physical mechanics and probability theory. Combing contributions of velocity resolution and Fuzzy distribution, a global fair-territory probability is synthetically determined. Simulation result of the "sweet spot" shows that the "sweet spot" goes around 14 cm from the end of the bat.
Effect of Ultrasonic Reflection Echo during Polymer Mixing Process
Authors: Cheng Chin Chi , Cheng Shao Chung , Lu Chi Huang
Published: November 2010

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of ultrasonic reflection echo during polymer mixing process in the internal mixer. Phase change from solid to liquid, partially melted pellets, and distributing progress of CaCO3 powder during the melting process of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and the mixing process of the melted LDPE with a calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powder were successfully monitored by ultrasound. Melting and mixing completions were determined when ultrasonic reflection echo reached its upper stable level. The mixing period was proportional to the mass of added CaCO3 powder. The mean peak value of ultrasonic reflection L2f echo at the upper stable level decreased when the total amount of added CaCO3 powder increased. The presented ultrasonic technique can be utilized to optimize the melting and mixing processes, reduce cost and evaluate melting and mixing quality.
Automatic Programming System Based on Solid Driven Technology for Machining Center On-Line Inspection
Authors: Sang Hong Qiang , Liu Fen , Meng Jian Jun , Yun Jin Tian
Published: November 2010

In modern manufacturing, it is urgent to require integrating manufacturing and inspection because manual inspection and off-line inspection severely restricts the development of inspecting automation. In the paper, automatic programming system based on solid driven technology for machining center on-line inspection has been developed by secondary development kit object ARX of CAD. Inspection feature datum and information were gotten by ARX tool in CAD stage, and then inspecting program can be automatically made up through inspecting process planning. On-line inspection automatic programming system based on solid driven technology has been applied in SSK-U6035 machining center. The application result shows that the programming system is simple and effective, which has realized integration of manufacturing and inspection more efficiently, increased precision, production efficiency and reduced the rate of rejection and tool damage.
Mechanical Performance of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Pile-Supported Embankments
Authors: Sun Ling , Zheng Jun Jie , Zhang Jun , Ma Qiang
Published: November 2010

According to the characteristics of the soft soil subgrade reinforced by geosynthetic and piles, the deformation of geosynthetic was modeled as circular arc and the arching effect in embankments and the interaction of piles and soil are both considered in the calculation. The interaction mechanism of geosynthetic, pile and soil under the embankment load was analyzed. The method presented in this paper was validated by comparing with the testing results and three current design methods in the literature. The results show that the analytical solutions have agreement with the measured data and can be applied in engineering practice. Finally, four important parameter (the differential settlement, the diameter of pile, the width of pile cap, the height of equal settlement plane) were investigated.
Ultra-Hard Bainitic Steels Processed through Low Temperature Heat Treatment
Authors: Lan Hui Fang , Liu Xiang Hua , Du Lin Xiu
Published: November 2010

Relative high carbon steel bearing Cr and Mo with microstructure consisting of nanoscaled bainitic laths and certain amount of retained austenite was produced through the combination of rolling and isothermal/multi-step heat treatment at low temperatures. The effect of the heat treatment temperature, time and path on the volume fraction of retained austenite and the width of bainitic lath was investigated. Nanoindentation was applied to inspect the separate hardness of the tiny bainite and retained austenite for different heat treatment parameters. The results showed that bainitic lath treatedt at 250°C was much thinner than that at 300°C and the volume fraction of retained austenite changed with different heat treatment temperatures, time and paths. The nanohardness of the baintic lath and retained austenite also changed with the processing of both carbon partitioning and displacive transformation for different heat treatment paths.
Intragranular Porous Aluminum Titanate Ceramics with Low Thermal Expansion and High Strength Simultaneously
Authors: Xu Gang , He Wan Bo , Li Yi Qiang , Wang Yong Gang , Han Gao Rong
Published: November 2010

Intragranular porous aluminum titanate ceramics were prepared by using graphite powder as pore-forming agent and magnesium-doped aluminum titanate powder as starting material. FESEM was employed to observe the microstructure. In order to investigate the expansion behavior and mechanical property, the dilatometric curve and three-point flexural strength of the prepared aluminum titanate ceramics were measured respectively. The results demonstrate that because of the formation of the intragranular pores, the aluminum titanate ceramics are of low thermal expansion and high strength simultaneously.
Dynamics Simulation of Parallel Indexing Cam Mechanism Based on Rigid-Flexible Coupled Modelling
Authors: Zhao Hao Dong , Cao Yan Ke , Guo Pei Quan
Published: November 2010

Dynamic modelling method for parallel indexing cam mechanism was presented based on multi-body system dynamics according to the analysis of mechanism feature. Rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model was established by means of Adams, Pro/E and Ansys. Dynamic simulation has been done. It follows the analysis of simulation that modified cosine transmission function is not suitable to be applied in high speed, heavy load or precision transmission cases. The effects of load inertia, input speed, and stroke angle to torsional vibration were illustrated corresponding to dynamics simulation.
A Joint Model of Production and Preventive Maintenance Plan
Authors: Lu Zhi Qiang , Zhang Yue Jun
Published: November 2010

We integrated run-based preventive maintenance (PM) into the production plan at the tactical level. The production plan was based on the single level capacitated lot-sizing problem (CLSP). We assumed the system reliability should be kept above certain threshold value to ensure the feasibility of the production plan; the reliability would be affected only by system running. Thus, PM would be triggered by the reliability requirement and the accumulated running time. We established this relationship as a nonlinear integer constraint in the joint model. We also proposed a branch and bound algorithm using CPLEX to solve the model. Finally, a numerical example was given to illustrate the difference between run-based and time-based PM.
Research on One-Time Forming Process of Matrix PDC Bits
Authors: Wei Zhong Liang , Wen Hang , He Qing , Sun Jin Mei
Published: November 2010

Due to the difficulty in the ceramic mould forming process of matrix PDC bits and low production efficiency, a manufacturing mould technology of graphite powder forming process was developed. The technical program is to formulate a circuit of silicone rubber forming process, determine the forming process of first mould, rubber mould and graphite powder mould, and sinter bit. The results show that manufacturing bit mould to sinter PDC bits with this method can simplify the circuit, increase production efficiency, and improve bit quality. The resulting bit is also of high precision, exquisite appearance and good consistency
Optimization of Belt-Type Cylinder Based on Orthogonal FEM Simulated Calculation
Authors: Cai Dong Mei , Wang Qiang , Zhou Yue , Zhao Dong
Published: November 2010

In order to improve their stress distribution and service life, the shape of Belt-type cylinders with Φ40.5mm inner diameter is optimized based on the FEM simulation and orthogonal design. The important order of the factors affecting the stress distribution is found out after the orthogonal FEM simulation calculation. The maximum principle stress is reduced and stress distribution is improved. The cylinder’s life is extended while the cost is down.
Main Beam Structural Reliability Sensitivity Analysis of a Loading Platform Based on the AFOSM Method
Authors: Zhang Rui Jun , Guo Nan , He Qin , Zhang Shi Jun
Published: November 2010

The reliability model of the main beam of a loading platform was established when the beam strength failure occurs through introducing the improved first order and second moment (AFOSM) technique into reliability analysis and combining the loading characteristics of the loading platform of the rotating stereo garage. Then the limit state carrying capability equations of the beam key sections were built using this new model. The principle which the reliability sensitivity of the main beam changes with the force was obtained through calculating with this model. The influences of the structure parameters on reliability were analyzed finally. These results of the study provide a theoretical basis for the structural reliability design of the main beam.
Dynamics Research on Tape Feeder of Placement Machine
Authors: Xiao Yong Shan , Zhao Zhen Yu , Song Fu Min
Published: November 2010

Based on multi-body dynamics, the virtual prototype model of the tape feeder is set up, and the impact of the external torque and the friction coefficient on the whole system is analyzed. Simulation results show that the external torque has great influence on the required motor torque: when the external torque increases from 50N.mm to 200N.mm, the required motor torque increases from 75.217N.mm to 223.98N.mm. The friction damping also has great influence on the motor torque: when the dynamic friction coefficient increases from 0.001 to 0.009 and the static friction coefficient increases from 0.003 to 0.011, the required motor torque increases from 106.92N.mm to 158.81 N.mm.
Processing of Human Feces Using Beanstalk and Sawdust as Matrix in a Composting-Type Eco-Toilet
Authors: Liu Ning , Qian Xin , Lu Gen Fa , Gao Liang Min , Ning Gui Xing , Mei Yan , Huang Zhou Man , Sheng Bao Hua , Kai Xiao Li , Wang Zhi Feng
Published: November 2010

This study aims to investigate the changing of operational parameters and waste reducing rate, as well as the possibility of using produced composts as organic fertilizer in an on-site composting-type eco-toilet filled with mixed materials of beanstalk and sawdust as reaction matrix. During the 23-week period, change of pH was divided into three phases: acid phase (6.63-7.00), alkaline phase (9.00-9.71) and stable phase (8.10-9.00). With continuous input of feces and urine, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents was increased to reach 4.3%, 1.06% and 2.03%, respectively. Organic matter content decreased from 95.6% to 76.2% and the total reduction rate of dry weight increased gradually from 46.93% to 92.29%. The composts could be used as organic fertilizer at suitable concentrations. The suitable concentration for cucumber, cabbage and rape growth was obtained to be at compost ratios of 1:15-1:30, 1:15-1:20 and 1:25-1:40, respectively. Microbial utilization efficiency of human feces and urine could be improved when the mixed material of beanstalk and sawdust was used as reaction matrix in an on-sit composting-type eco-toilet. The mixed materials with beanstalk and sawdust at a volume ratio of 1:1 was found to be efficient to transform human feces and urine into organic fertilizer rich in the elements of N, P and K.
Solid Modeling and Dynamic Simulation of Spur Bevel Gear
Authors: Yang Dong , Cui Huan Yong , Tian Xi Jie , Xu Peng Fei
Published: November 2010

Based on 3D solid modeling software Solid Works, a drawing method of spherical involute has been achieved, and the solid modeling accuracy of spur bevel gear improved. After solid modeling, bevel gear analysis has carried out with ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, and the contact stress and acceleration change of driven wheel during the meshing process have been calculated, which is to be used to guide the modification of spur bevel gear.
Optimal Design of the Relative Clearance of Mill Oil-Film Bearing
Authors: Wang Jian Mei , Huang Qing Xue , Lei Tao , Kang Jian Feng , Fan Yang
Published: November 2010

Under the given lubricating oil, rolling speed and rolling pressure, the finite element analysis software ANSYS Workbench and CFX were used to analyze the lubricating oil film and bearing by two-way fluid-to-solid coupling method, and the deformation and force of oil film and bushing with different relative clearances were calculated, as well as those with consideration of oil film temperature. Moreover, the fatigue limit theory was used to obtain the best relative clearance, which can provide theoretical data to the bearing structure optimization.
Interaction of a Center of Dilatation and a Penny-Shaped Interfacial Crack in an Infinite Bimaterial
Authors: Sun Yu Zhou , Bian Ya Dong , Zhu Yan Zhi
Published: November 2010

This paper presents a study for the interaction of a penny-shaped interfacial crack and a center of dilatation in an infinite bimaterial, which can model the rock fracture subjected to stress and thermal dilatation during some engineering process. The solution is obtained by decomposing the original problem into two auxiliary problems: (I) a center of dilatation near a bimaterial interface (no crack); and (II) a penny-shaped interfacial crack subject to internal tractions that cancel out those induced in auxiliary problem (I). The mode I, II and III stress intensity factors (SIFs) are calculated to investigate the possible propagation of the pre-existing penny-shaped interfacial crack. The convergence of the developed numerical method is checked, and the interaction of a penny-shaped interfacial crack and a center of dilatation are calculated and discussed.