bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Candida sp. yeast solubilizing phosphate isolated from soil in Wamena Biological Garden, Papua
Authors: KANTI ATIT
Published: July 2014

Twenty isolates of yeast were isolated from soil of Wamena Biological Garden. Out of 20 isolates tested, 3 isolates were able to increase solubility of Ca3(PO4)2), as indicated by formation of clearing zone surrounding growing colonies. Nutrient of media, which was mainly contained of glucose (20%), were metabolically converted into of either biomass or and metabolic product that may have cause a change of pH profile, and biomass during cell cultivation. Conversely, pH of media decreased during cell cultivation, and that may have cause acceleration of Ca3(PO4)2) dissolution, which have resulted in an increased of ortho-fosfat in the bulk solution during cell growth. The three isolates having ability of accelerating Ca3(PO4)2) dissolution belonging to genera of Candida. The three isolates have ability to solubilize about 5-6 mg/L-P, with phosphomonoesterase activity of about 0.10-0.65 unit. Ecological incentive of Fosfat solubilizing yeasts in soil ecosystem are enormous, among other is provision of available P for plant growth and for other soil microorganism. Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: yeast, Candida, yeast solubilizing phosphate, Wamena Biological Garden.
The population of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) from Cikaniki, Botol Mountain, and Ciptarasa Area, and the ability of PSB to solubilize insoluble P in solid pikovskaya medium
Authors: WIDAWATI SRI , SULIASIH SULIASIH
Published: July 2014

Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were collected from plant rhizosphere at Cikaniki (1100 m asl.), soil at Botol Mountain (1000, 1500, and 1800 m asl.), and Ciptarasa (600, 1000, and 1500 m asl.), area at Gunung Halimun National Park (GHNP). The soil ware collected randomly from 3 areas and taken from 0-15 cm depth in the plants rhizosphere at Cikaniki and forest floor soil in Gunung Botol and Ciptarasa. The result showed that the difference of elevation area, soil pH, forest vegetation, and microbial habitat (rhizosphere and forest floor) were not the inhabitation factors of the biodiversity of PSB and their ability to solubilize insoluble phosphate, but the inhabitation factors on the growth of the PSB population. The highest population of PSB at GHNP was founded in the plant rhizosphere of Altingia exelsa Norona and Schima wallichii (Dc.) Korth (107sel/g soil) at Cikaniki and in the forest floor soil (108sel/g soil) at Botol Mountain (1000 m asl.). Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., Bacillus megaterium, and Chromobacterium sp. dominated Cikaniki, Botol Mountain and Ciptarasa area. Those isolates could solubilize insoluble phosphate on solid Pikovskaya medium with the range of diameter is 1.5-2.5 cm. Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), Cikaniki, Gunung Botol, and Ciptarasa area.
Vegetation analysis of the upstream Cianjur watershets in Mount Gede-Pangrango National Parkâ€™s
Authors: ARRIJANI ARRIJANI , SETIADI DEDE , GUHARDJA EDI , QAYIM IBNUL
Published: July 2014

The objective of this study was to found the composition and structure of vegetation at the upstream Cianjur Watersheds. Research sampling conducted by using plot method placed purposive random sampling at research location with increase elevation equal to 100 m from sea level. Every 100 m elevation level, were taken 5 sample plots so that up to 1000-1500 (sub-montana zone) totalize plot were 30. Measured parameter cover density, frequency, dominancy, Important Value Index (IVI), Diversity Index (H'), and Evenness (E). The subdividing pattern plot done through cluster analysis. The result of this research indicate that species puspa (Schima wallichii) and rasamala (Altingia excelsa) were two species with highest Important Value Indeks, so that both species considered to be dominant the community. The species diversity index (Hâ€™) equal to 3,38 categorized to high, but the evenness value (E) was categorized to low (1.95). The phenomena happened because tha distribution of species were heterogenous. The Cluster analysis indicated that there were three sub-groups which can be categorized as sub-zone in sub-montana zone, namely the sub-zone lower, middle and hight. Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: vegetation analysis, Upstream Cianjur watersheds, Sub-montana zone, Mt.Gede-Pangrango National Parkâ€™s.
Species of Cuscus in Taman Wisata Gunung Meja Manokwari Regency, West Irian Jaya
Authors: SINERY ANTON SILAS
Published: July 2014

One element of the biodiversity richness at Papua is its mammal especially marsupials. According to Petocz, (1987) there are 154 mammal species in Papua. One of them is cuscus. Menzies (1991) stated that 11 cuscus species exist in New Guinea, five species occur in Papua. Menzies (1991) also mentioned that the habitat, distribution and behavior of each species is not fully known yet and one strategy to answer the above mentioned questions is by conducting an explorative study of cuscus in several areas of Papua. This research to know species of cuscus in Taman Wisata Gunung Meja Manokwari using a descriptive method and observation technique. The result indicated that there was two species of cuscus in this area namely timor cuscus (Phalanger orientalis) and common spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus). There was 26 plant species feeding food of these cuscus species.Â Â Â  Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: feding, location, herons, mudflat, rice-field, grass-land, fisheries
Biological aspects of tambra fish (Tor tambroides Blkr.) that exotic and rare for its domestication
Authors: HARYONO HARYONO
Published: July 2014

Tambra (Tor tambroides Blkr.) is consumed fish; its exotic size, rare population and expensive price but not yet cultured. The aims of study are to know biological aspects tambra fish, i.e: sexual maturity, fecundity, sexual dimorfism, sex ratio, food habits, parasities and dissease. The results were recorded two levels of sexual maturity that III and IV, fecundity ranges 3,125-8,201 eggs, sex ratio 1:2; sexual dimorfism based on shape and color body, tubercle at cheek and operculum of male, also papilla shape; food habits as omnivorous; founded two species of parasities, i.e. Argulus sp. and Lernea cypriniaceae. Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: tambra fish, biology aspects, domestication, exotic, rare and expensive
Study of burahol (Stelechocarpus burahol (Blume) Hook & Thomson) as an antioxidative compounds containing fruit
Authors: TISNADJAJA DJADJAT , SALIMAN EDWARD , SILVIA SILVIA , SIMANJUNTAK PARTOMUAN
Published: July 2014

Burahol (Stelechocarpus burahol (Blume) Hook & Thomson) is one of fruit tree that originally was founded in Indonesia. Traditionally burahol is used as natural deodorance, but due to low economic value, the cultivation program of this plant species is almost abandoned. Regarding to this situation, currently this plant species could be categorized as one of endangered species. At present, economic value of this fruit is almost neglected and this is the main reason why not many people interested to cultivate this plant. In order to change the people opinion on this plant and to improve it economic value, study on the chemical content of this plant had been carried out. From the research work, it was founded that burahol fruit have a significant content of anti-oxidative compound. From the anti-oxidative analysis using DPPH (1,1-diphinil pycril hidrazil) method, the lowest IC50 was showed by n-buthanol extract of flower (22.44 ppm) and ethyl acetate extract of fruit (29.12 ppm). Flower part also showed low IC50 of ethyl acetate extract (35.07 ppm). Further purification through fractionation process of the plant extract was surprisingly followed by the decrease of anti-oxidative activity. Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: anti-oxidative, 1,1-diphinil pycril hidrazil , burahol.
Concentration of TNF-Î± in the peritoneal fluid and serum of endometriotic patients
Authors: OEPOMO TEDJA DANUDJA
Published: July 2014

The aim of this research was to expose the relation between tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-Î±) in the peritoneal fluid and in the serum of endometriosis patients. It was conducted at Dr. Muwardi Hospital Surakarta. Twenty patients undergoing laparoscopic operation because of endometriosis indication (Endometriosis Group), 20 women (aged 23 to 40) who undergo interval sterilization by means of laparoscopic technique. During laparoscopic operation, peritoneal fluid is taken to examine TNF-Î± by ELISA technique. At the same time, the serum isalso taken to examine TNF-Î± by the same technique. The research result indicated that by independent sample t-test, the TNF-Î± concentration in the Endometriosis Group is quite different from the control group (P=0.00). The simple linear regression test shows a strong positive one-way correlative relation between TNF-Î± concentration in the peritoneal fluid and TNF-Î± concentration in the serum in the Endometriosis Group. The research result indicated that the TNF-Î± concentration in the serum can be used as a reflection of endometriosis. A statistical test is done to find the limit value based on sensitivity and specification.Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: endometriosis, TNF-Î±, peritoneal fluid, serum.
Peroxide values of Aglaia argentea Blume, A. silvestria (M. Roemer) Merr., dan A. tomentosa Teijsm. & Binn.
Authors: PRAPTIWI PRAPTIWI , HARAPINI MINDARTI , ASTUTI IDA
Published: July 2014

The objectives of this research were to determine the chemical components and the peroxide values of three Aglaia species (A. argentea Blume, A. silvestria (M. Roemer) Merr and A. tomentosa Teijsm & Binn). Phytochemical screening was done by Cuiley method, while peroxide values were determined by iodometri-titration on methanol, hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts. The result of phytochemical screening indicated that all of Aglaia species tested (three species) contained sterol and triterpenoids, base alkaloid, reduction sugar, and anthrasenoid while other components present only in one or two species of Aglaia. Peroxide values of the testedextracts were higher than that of vitamin E (40.996 mili-equivalent/1000 g samples) as a standard reductor, except the peroxide value of chloroform extract of A. tomentosa (41.078 milli-equivalent/ 1000 g sample). It can be concluded that A. tomentosa chloroform extract might had similar ability with vitamin E in preventing or delaying oxidation process. A. tomentosa chloroform extract acted as reductor.Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Aglaia spp., chemical compounds, peroxide value.
Traditonal use of medicinal herbs by local community of Wawonii island, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: RAHAYU MULYATI , SUNARTI SITI , SULISTIARINI DIAH , PRAWIROATMODJO SUHARDJONO
Published: July 2014

Twice field works to Wawonii Island was carried out in 2003 and 2004, in order to collect data on utilization of medicinal plants by local people. Two villages of Wawonii, which occupied by Wawonii tribe, were selected as study sites. Based on the study of 73 plants species, which uses by local people as traditional medicine and after having child were recorded. Similar to order inland areas of Indonesia, forest clearances and process of modernization was also occurred in this study area. Consequence the effect of those activities expected will beaffect in lost of local knowledge and destruction of natural resources. For that reason a study on utilizes of medicinal plant by local people is needed.Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: traditional medicine; Wawonii tribe; Southeast Sulawesi.
The effect of various media on growth of ebony (Diospyros celebica Bakh) seedlings through seeds multiplication
Authors: SUMIASRI NURUL , SETYOWATI NINIK
Published: July 2014

Study of the effects of various media on growth of ebony (Diospyros celebica Bakh) seedlings through seeds multiplication was carried out. The experiment used various media i.e. sands, soil (latosol), compost and EM Bokashi. The study was arranged by Factorial Randomized Block Design with 4 replications, growth parameters were observed i.e. growth percentage, plant height, total leaves, total roots and rootslength. The results showed that the best medium of all parameter observed was EM Bokashi and the low results showed by latosol soil medium. Statistically all of parameter observed showed significant level at 5% Duncansâ€™ tested to various media. The best media at the study was EM Bokashi, and could be recommended for media of ebony seed multiplication especially.Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: effect, media, growth, seedling, ebony multiplication.
Effect of butanol extract of maturated mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) fruit on kidney tissue of Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: SOEKSMANTO ARIF
Published: July 2014

Mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) is very popular recently because it is presumed as traditional medicine which can conquer various diseases, but research on the plant is still difficult to find. Although mahkota dewa is very popular as medicinal plants, it is very poisonous, especially if it is directly consumed which can cause swollen, sprue, numb at tongue, fever, even unconscious. A research was conducted to find out effect of sub chronic dosage of butanol extract of maturated mahkota dewa fruit. Observation was carried out on kidney tissue which is susceptible to chemicals entering body. Dosage of butanol extract of 0; 42.5; 85 and 170 mg/kg body weight was administered intra peritoneal to mice. The result showed that butanol extract of maturated mahkota dewa fruit with dosage until 85 mg/kg body weight did not affect kidney tissue. At dosage 170 mg/kg body weight, a light necrosis on proximal convoluted tubules was occurred.Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Phaleria macrocarpa, plant extract, Mus musculus, kidney, necrosis
The direct exploitation in the mangrove ecosystem in Central Java and the land use in its surrounding; degradation and its restoration effort
Authors: SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI , WINARNO KUSUMO
Published: July 2014

The aims of the research were to find out (i) the direct exploitation in the mangrove ecosystem, (ii) the land use in its surrounding, and (iii) the restoration activities in the mangrove ecosystem in northern coast and southern coast of Central Java Province. This was descriptive research that was done qualitatively, in July until December 2003, at 20 sites of mangrove habitat. The data was collected in field surveys, in-depth interview to local people and/or local government, and examination of topographic maps of Java (1963-1965) and digital satellite image of Landsat 7 TM (July-September 2001). The result indicated that the direct exploitation in the mangrove ecosystem included fishery, forestry, food stuff, cattle woof, medicinal stuff, industrial material, and also tourism and education. The land use around mangrove ecosystem included fishery/embankment, agriculture, and the area of developing and building. The anthropogenic activities had been degraded mangrove ecosystem, it was called for restoration. The mangrove restoration had been done success in Pasar Banggi, but it failed in Cakrayasan and Lukulo.Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: direct use, land use, mangrove ecosystem, degradation, restoration, Central Java Province.
Biosurfactan Production of Hydrocarbon User Bacteria by Adding Carbon Resources Variation
Authors: NUGROHO ASTRI
Published: July 2014

A research for biosurfactant production by mix culture bacteria which used hydrocarbon has been done. The isolates were selected for the highest biosurfactant production in SMSS (Stone Mineral Salt Solution) media suplemented with 0,1 % yeast extract b/v and 1 % v/v liquid paraffin by measuring the surface tension decrease. The selected isolate was then used for determination the best inoculum concentration and the carbon source as well for the highest biosurfactant production. Inoculum concentration variation were 5%, 10%, and 15% v/v (106 cells/mL) while the carbon source were glucose, liquid paraffin, hexadecane, and crude oil as the concentration of1%. The decrease in surface tension was measured as parameter which corelated to biosurfactant production. The mix culture concentration of 10% was the best and decrease surface tension 6,27 dyne/cm. The inoculum concentration of 5% (v/v) and 15% (v/v) decrease surface tension 4,08 dyne/cm and 6,65 dyne/cm respectively. The best carbon source was liquid paraffin which decrease surface tension 8,34 dyne/cm while glucose, hexadecane, and crude oil were 2,81 dyne/cm; 2,46 dyne/cm; and 4,18 dyne/cm respectively. The conclusion of this research was that bacteria showed the highest biosurfactant production at the concentration of 10% and liquid paraffin as the best carbon source.Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: inoculum, biosurfactan, surface tension.
The Effect of Oral Administration of Fermented Rice by Monascus purpureus JmbA on Blood of Hypercholesterolemia White Mouse (Rattus sp.)
Authors: TRIANA EVI , NURHIDAYAT NOVIK
Published: July 2014

Fermented rice by Monascus purpureus, namely angkak, produces lovastatin. Lovastatin is believed and studied as anti-hypercholesterolemic agent. Somehow, its effects on blood parameters were less known. Therefore, a study on the effect of angkak on erythrocyte, leukocyte, thrombocyte, and haemoglobin level was conducted, involving 15 male Sprague Dawley strain white mice that were divided into 5 treatment groups. The result showed that oral administration of angkak beared lovastatin to the hipercholesterolemic mice could increase the number of trombocyte during the study. Increasing the number of thrombocyte was different depended on dosage of angkak. The optimum dosage was 0.1 g/day. Angkak could also increase haemoglobin concentration and the number of leucocyte, although that raise did not depend on dosage of angkak. Meanwhile, the number of erythrocyte was not affected by angkak.Key words: angkak, erythrocyte, hemoglobin, leukocyte, lovastatin, thrombocyte
Flowering biology of Hoya lacunosa Bl. (Asclepiadaceae) in Bogor Botanical Garden
Authors: RAHAYU SRI , TRISNAWATI DWIE EKA , QOYIM IBNUL
Published: July 2014

The flowering biology of Hoya lacunose Bl. (Asclepiadaceae) has been observed in the Bogor Botanical Garden for 12 months (March 2004 - February 2005). The flower was produced continuously by the adult plant except in May and June, while the peak number of flower was on November. The flowering initiation was supposed triggered by the fluctuation to the minimum point on daily temperature (27oC to 25oC),temperature gap (8oC to 3oC), light intensity (10.6 to 2.5 MJ/m2/day), and fluctuation to the maximum point on humidity (72% to 85%) on one day followed by the normal condition afterwards. The duration of the flowering process takes 4-5 weeks, while the fruiting process takes 4-6 weeks.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Flowering Biology, Hoya lacunosa Bl. (Asclepiadaceae).
Propagation of Gigaspora sp dan Acaulospora sp by pot culture in a green house
Authors: CHALIMAH SITI , MUHADIONO MUHADIONO , AZNAM LATIFAH , HARAN SAID , MATHIUS NURITA TORUAN
Published: July 2014

Spore production of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) was usually carried out in pot culture with sorghum and P. phaseoloides. as host plants. Host plant, genotype of AMF, and growth container are important factors for AMF spores production. The objectives of this research were to observe (i) the effect of growth container, AMF species, and host plants on spore production of G. margarita and A. tuberculata, (ii) the effect of those combinations on spore productions, and (iii) the compatibility of host plant-AMF interaction on spore production.The experiment was conducted in green house condition, G. margarita and A. tuberculata were cultured in Petri dish and colored glass plastic pot containing zeolith as a carrier with sorghum and P. phaseoloides, as host plants. Completely Randomized Design with Factorial 2x2x2x5 was used in this experiment. The results showed that spore production increased in line with the increase of host plant age. The highest spore number was obtained from G. margarita with P. phaseoloides as host plant producing 155 spores/50 g inoculum, on the otherhand spore production of A. tuberculata with P. phaseoloides as host was 161 spores/50 g inoculum. The average root infection occurred in 5 month old host plant i.e. around 90 % in 5-month-old host plant. The best container for inoculum production is the coloured plastic pot, however Petri dish considered as the best growth container for producing uniform spores and the contamination of other spores could be inhibited. Based on the result It could be concluded that sorghum and P. phaseoloides, can be further developed as host plants for mass production of Gigaspora margarita and Acaulospora tuberculata spores.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Pueraria phaseoloides, sorghum, Gigaspora margarita, Acaulospora tuberculata, pot culture, AMF production.
Phosphatase Activity and Solubilization of Calcium phosphate by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria
Authors: SULIASIH SULIASIH , RAHMAT RAHMAT
Published: July 2014

A study was undertaken to investigate the ability of phosphate solubilizing bacteria to solubilize insoluble phosphate. Seventeenth phosphate solubilizing bacteria were isolated from soil in Wamena, Papua. These organism was identified as Bacillus sp, Bacillus pantothenticus, Bacillus megaterium, flavobacterium sp, Flavobacterium breve, Klebsiella aerogenes , Chromobacterium lividum and Pseudomonas sp. Four isolates (B. pantothenticus, K. Aerogenes, B megaterium and C. lividum) are choosen for further study. B pantothenticus Solubilizer greatest amounth of tricalsium phosphate indicated by increasing of orthophosphate about 12.39 mg/l in liquidmedium. Four isolates also produces phosphatase and the higest phosphatase activity is from B. pantothenticus about 1.947 ug pnitrophenol/ g/h.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words : phosphate solubilizing bacteria
The use of hematology method and blood endoparasite observation for determining catfish (Clarias gariepinus) health in fishery Mangkubumen, Boyolali
Authors: ALAMANDA INTAN ESTETIKA , HANDAJANI NOOR SOESANTI , BUDIHARJO AGUNG
Published: July 2014

This research aims to find out the health condition of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) based on hematology and to find out the blood endoparasite type of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) bred in Mangkubumen Boyolali. The sample collection of catfish in this research was conducted in Mangkubumen, Boyolali. The catfish becoming the sample had following criteria: 3 month old, 100-150 gr weight, and 20-25 cm long. The sample of catfish was taked from 5 pools, it was taken 10 fishes from each pool. The hematological parameter measurement including erythrocyte number , leukocyte number, hemoglobin content, hematocrit value, and the preparation of blood smear preparation was conducted in UNS central laboratory. The hematological parameter data of catfish sample obtained was compared with the hematological parameter of the healthy catfish. The smear preparation was used for observing the endoparasite existence on sample blood of catfish. The result of research shows the hematocrit value of 19.3 â€“ 23.3 %, the erythrocyte number of 1.4 â€“ 2.5 x 106 cells/mm3, the hemoglobin content of 6.46 â€“ 7.93 Hb/100ml below that of the healthy catfish. The leukocyte number 650 â€“ 750 x 103 cells/mm3 above that of the healthy catfish. Entire catfish indicate the sickness due to the parasite infection. Endoparasit found in the blood of catfish are: Trypanosoma sp, Sanguinicola sp, Haemogregarina sp.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Catfish, hematology, blood endoparasite.
Germination of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels.
Authors: MUDIANA DEDEN
Published: July 2014

Syzygium cumini belongs to Myrtaceae family. It is known as duwet, juwet, jamblang, etc in Indonesia. Although this species is well known by Indonesian, the information about character of growth this species still limited. Germinations process of this species is one of important information that must be known. This research aims to know about germinations of seed and growth of seedling this species. Seed germinations start at 18 day after sowing. The percentage of seed viability was 53.33%.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: germination, Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels
Fruit of plant diversity at home-garden of Jabon Mekar village, subdistrict of Parung, Bogor regency
Authors: PRASETYO BUDI
Published: July 2014

Jabon Mekar village is well-known as the central of fruit supplayer at subdistrict of Parung. Many kinds of fruit were planted and developed in this area. Durian â€˜lai-masâ€™ or durian jabonâ€™s cultivar is the superior product of fruit. However it was estimated as a buffer zone of Jakarta and subject of the urban development. Due to the increasing number of the urbant development in Jakarta, it is concerned that this will have an effect to the function of home-garden.The aim of the research is to study the potential riches and fruit plant diversity at homegarden of community in the village of Jabon Mekar. The methods used for vegetation analysis were the quadratic method. The result of the research found 57 species of fruit plants from 41 genus, 23 families and 30 local cultivars. From all fruit of plants, there are 7 species as the main compositer of the community at home-garden i.e. Musa sp., Durio zibethinus, Nephelium lappaceum, Cocos nucifera, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Sandoricum koetjape, Carica papaya. It was found also that the diversity of plant species at home-garden was at the high level. While all fruit of plant species found a tendency SDR value under 50%, means that none of the plant species dominant toward other fruit of plants species.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Jabon Mekar, home-garden, fruit plant, riches, diversity
Flowering and fruiting phenology of Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum J.J. Sm. Var. glaucophyllum
Authors: YULIA NINA DWI
Published: July 2014

Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum J.J.Sm. var. Glaucophyllum is one of the endemic orchid from east java categorized as rare plant in Indonesia. The most prominent properties of this species is on the flower which have an purple labelum in sac shaped. The flowering time of this slipper orchids is undefinitely, so they can blossoming out every season of the year. The objective of this research was to observe the flowering time from blossoming out untill emerging fruit of the slipper orchid. The observation of flowering phenology was began from the first flower bud initiation until developing fruit. The observation cover from measurement of lenght and width of flower bud primordialfollowed by fruit development and characterised the physical change during development. The result showed the average period of flowering phenology from the beginning until emerging fruit in 62 days. The maturation of fruit take for 120 until 130 days calculated from the beginning of pollination.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Flowering phenology, emerging fruit, Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum var. glaucophyllum
The identification of major component of temu kunci (Kaemferia pandurata Roxb.) essential oils on different altitude
Authors: ARNIPUTRI RETNA BANDRIATI , SAKYA AMALIA TETRANI , RAHAYU MUJI
Published: July 2014

The aims of this study was to know the major component of essential oils of Temu Kunci (Kaemferia pandurata Roxb.) on a different altitude. This research was carried out by method of Stahl destilation at BPTO and GCMS Cromatography at FMIPA UGM for both of from Kerjo (350 m asl) and Jumapolo (450 m asl). The difference of altitude of temu kunciâ€™s lives on, the same of major component of essentialoil but the content among them was different.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: temu kunci, Kaemferia pandurata Roxb., altitude, essential oils.
Phenology of flower and fruit development in Uncaria gambir Species
Authors: JAMSARI JAMSARI , YASWENDRI YASWENDRI , KASIM MUSLIAR
Published: July 2014

A phenological study with the aim to elucidate flower and fruit development stages in species of Uncaria gambir was conducted in field trial of agricultural faculty of Andalas University-West Sumatra. Observation during flower and fruit organ development was done in eleven inflorescences. Quantitative and descriptive data were collected during one season of flowering time. Phenology of flower and fruit development could be classified in five stages, namely F0 (flower initiation), F1 (small bud scale), F2 (large bud scale), F3 (anthesis, flower opening) and F4 (fruit development). All these events had average completing time in 112 days, and could be detailed as follows: flower initiation stage (F0) took place in 20 days, small scale bud stage (F1) occurred in 27 days, and large scale bud and anthesis stage (F0 and F3) each took place in 5 days, meanwhile fruit development stage (F4=S0) would complete in 53 days. This result should be useful information especially for creating breeding programme in Uncaria gambir species.Key words: Uncaria gambir, phenology, flower development, fruit development.
Nepenthes diversity in Sulasih Talang Nature Reserve - West Sumatra
Authors: PUSPITANINGTYAS DWI MURTI , WAWANGNINGRUM HARY
Published: July 2014

Nepenthes is one of carnivorous plants which very popular as ornamental plant. Most of them grow in mountain forest habitat above 1.000 m a.s.l. Sumatra has the richest Nepenthes flora after Borneo, with 29 species. The observation was done in Sulasih Talang Nature Reserve - West Sumatra. According to this inventory in Sulasih Talang Nature Reserve, there are 6 species can be found in this area, which 5 species are endemic to Sumatra, that are N. pectinata, N. inermis, N. bongso, N. spathulata and N. talangensis. N. gracilis is widespread in Sumatra, Borneo and Celebes, whereas the other species N. talangensis is only found in Mount Talang. Threat to those species are, habitat destruction, over exploitation and volcano eruption.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: Nepenthes, diversity, Sulasih Talang Nature Reserve
Bird Community in Burung Island, Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java
Authors: RAHAYUNINGSIH MARGARETA , MARDIASTUTI ANI , PRASETYO LILIK BUDI , MULYANI YENI A
Published: July 2014

Burung Island is one of many islands in the Karimunjawa Islands that belong to Karimunjawa National Park conservation area. The purpose of this study is to discover the structure of bird community especially the species diversity and its habitat structure in Burung Island. The study was conducted on June 2006, November 2006, and June 2007 in Burung Island. The study was conducted by using point count method. The radius of each point is approximately 20 meters, while the time interval of observation on each count is 10 minutes. Thedistance between each point in this study is 100 m. The habitat observation was conducted by using habitat profile of tree cover vertical structure which was done descriptively by looking at the function of cover level to the present of bird or the relation between level and the present of bird in that location. The studyâ€™s result indicated that there are 15 recorded bird species from 10 family in the location, in whichfive species (five family) among them are protected by the government, which are Sterna sumatrana, Egretta sacra, Nectarinia jugularis, Caloenas nicobarica, and Falco moluccensis, and two of them were included in CITES (Convention on International trade in Endangered Species) appendices 1 and 2, which are Caloenas nicobarica and Falco moluccensis. The highest values of species diversity index (Hâ€™) and evenness index (Eâ€™) can be seen from the observationâ€™s result of June 2007, which are 1.8837 and 0.836. The habitat of Burung Island is very suitable for Caloenas nicobarica, Egretta sacra, Sterna sumatrana, and Sterna bergii as a place for breeding. The use of vegetation level by bird in Burung Island is dominated by the use of low and base levels.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Bird, community, Burung Island, Karimunjawa National Park
Flowering Period of 22 Species of Wild Begonias in Bali Botanic Garden
Authors: SIREGAR HARTUTININGSIH M. , ARDAKA I MADE , SIREGAR MUSTAID
Published: July 2014

Bali Botanic Garden has becoming one of the botanic gardens in the world that has quite complete Begonias collection. Up to now (Sept 2007) its Begonias collection consists of 215 species, comprise of 70 species of wild Begonias (originated in Indonesia) and 145 species of exotic Begonias. Some aspects of research has been done and one of them is the reproductive biology. This research is aimed to gather information about Begoniaâ€™s life cycle and also to know about the natural obstacle that cause the wild Begonias failure in forming their seeds. Final result of this research is the important informations that are useful for breeding and seedâ€™s banking. Flowering observation were done everyday towards the 22 species of wild Begonias that are planted in Bali Botanic Garden during 2006. Data collection were done qualitatively by counting the amount of flowers that appeared. Results showed that flowering period of 22 species wild Begonias canbe grouped as : Flowering troughout the year group; Seasonal Floweing group; Rare Flowering group; Not Flowering or has not flowering Begonias group; Not all Begonias that floweing are capable to form fruits and seedsÂ© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Flowering Period, Begonia, Bali Botanic Garden
Phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere and root of mycorrhizal teak seedlings with three levels of NPK fertilization
Authors: CORRYANTI CORRYANTI , SOEDARSONO J. , RADJAGUKGUK B. , WIDYASTUTI S. M.
Published: July 2014

To examine the phosphatase alkaline activity of VA mycorrhizal fungi in the rizhosphere and in root, teak seedlings inoculated spores of VA mycorrhizal fungi were grown in sterilized soils. Teak seedlings were fertilized with NPK fertilizer consisting three levels, i.e. 0; 0.0625; 0.125 g per seedling. Phosphatase alkaline in rizhosphere was measured in terms of pNP on soil dry weight basis, meanwhile alkaline phosphatase activity in roots were quantified in using method developed by Tisserant. The results showed that alkaline phosphatase activity increased on inoculated seedlings compare to with uninoculated. NPK fertilization of 0.0625 g per seedling and inoculation on teak seedlings showed alkaline phosphatase activity in range 90-201 EU, and in roots indicated in range 14-72%. Gigaspora sp inoculation on teak seedlings was showing the highest of alkaline phosphatase activity. Increasing phosphatase alkaline activity relevant to hyphae growth, and increasing of root infection decreased alkaline phosphatase activity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation increased seedling dry weight.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: teak, alkaline phosphatase activity, Gigaspora sp, Glomus sp
Fern inventorization in Laiwangi-Wanggameti National Park, East Sumba, Waingapu, NTT
Authors: DARMA I DEWA PUTU , PENENG I NYOMAN
Published: July 2014

The inventory and the collection of the ferns in Laiwangi Wanggameti National Park will be plamted as collection plants in Bali Botanical Garden. In this research used the explorative method. The result of the research has collected 70 numbers of the ferns and 229 speciment. They consist of 21 family, 30 genus.and 70 species. From 70 species. There are 3 species such as Licopodium sernuum, Lygodium javanicum (Tumb.) Sw. and Ophioglossum pendulum L. are predicted as new collection for the Bali Botanic Garden. The dominant genus in Laiwangi- Wanggameti National Park was Cyclosorus, Asplenium, Athyrium, and Pteris. Which are growing to coverthe basic of the forest in damp places at the river bank.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: inventory, collections, ferns, Laiwangi-Wanggameti National Park.
Nitrogenâ€“use efficiency in different vegetation type at Cikaniki Research Station, Halimun-Salak Mountain National Park, West Java
Authors: SUHARNO SUHARNO , MAWARDI IMAM , SETIABUDI SETIABUDI , LUNGA NELLY , TJITROSEMITO SOEKISMAN
Published: July 2014

A research about nitrogenâ€“use efficiency (NUE) and trees identification was conducted at different vegetation type at Cikaniki, Halimun- Salak National Park, West Java. Plot quadrate methods (20 x 50 m) was used to analyze trees vegetation and Kjeldahl methods was used to analyze leaf nitrogen. The width and length of the leaf was also measured to obtain the leaf surface area. The result showed that there are 61 individual trees which consisted of 24 species was identified. The species which have 5 highest important value are Altingia excelsa (64,657), Castanopsis javanica (39,698), Platea latifolia (27,684), Garcinia rostrata (21,151), and Schima walichii (16,049). FuthermoreEugenia lineata (13,967), Melanochyla caesa (12,241), Quercus lineata (10,766), platea excelsa (10,766) have lower important value. Other trees have important value less than 10. Morphological and nitrogen content analyze were done on 4 species : Quercus lineata, G. rostrata, A. excelsa, and E. lineata. Among them, Quercus lineata has highest specific leaf area (SLA) (0,01153), followed by G. rostrata (0,00821), A. excelsa (0,00579), and E. lineata (0,00984 g/cm2. The highest number of stomata was found on A. excelsa (85,10/mm2), followed by E. lineata (74,40/mm2), Q. lineata (53,70/mm2), and G. rostrata (18,4 /mm2). The emergent species (A. excelsa and Q. lineata)have higher nitrogen content than the underlayer species (G. rostrata and E. lineata). A. excelsa have highest nitrogen use efficiency (28,19%) compare to E. lineata (23,81%) , Q. lineata (19,09%), and G. rostrata (14,87%). Although not significant, emergen species have higher NUE than underlayer species.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: nitrogen-use efficiency, vegetation type, plants, West Java
Population and distribution of Rekrekan(Presbytis fredericae ) in the Southern Slope of Mt.Slamet
Authors: SETIAWAN ARIF , DJUWANTOKO DJUWANTOKO , BINTARI A. W.
Published: July 2014

Javan fuscous leaf monkey (Presbytis fredericee Sady,1930)is one of an endemic and endangered leaf eating monkeys that still exist and living in several patchy forests In Central of Java. Survey of this monkeyswas done in the Southern section slope of Mount Siamet areas (36, 6559 km2). Central Java, Indonesia. Direct observation methods using distance sampling was applied to estimate the population number of these monkeys. The survey was conducted during dry season, on May to June. 2005. Result of the population estimation size using DISTANCE 5.0 computer program within uniform key and hermite polynomial adjustment was 219 Individuals, and population densitywas estimated around 5.96 Indlvldual/km2(CV = 75.72%;95%CI = 1.2466- 28.532).@2007 Jurusan BiolO9IFMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: (Presbytis fredericae), populationand distribution,Mt.Slamet Indonesia
The effectiveness of antibacteria substances from neem seeds (Azadirachta indica) to impede the growth of Salmonella thyposa and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: AMBARWATI AMBARWATI
Published: July 2014

Neem (Azadirachta indica) is a multifunction plant. Its leaves and seeds can be used as a traditional medicine. One of the benefits of neem seeds is that they can serve as antibacteria. It happens because neem seeds contain certain substances which can impede the growth of Salmonella thyposa and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The aims of this research were to find out the efectiveness of soaking neem seed powder in hampering the growth of Salmonella thyposa and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and to find out the active chemistry compound in soaking neem seed powder based on the result of Tin Layer Cromatografi (TLC). It was an experimental research. Paper disc method was used to find out the impeding ability of soaking neem seed powder toward both kinds of bacteria. The effective concentration is shown by the existence of the biggest barrier area in that concentration. Based on the result of this research, it was known that the barrierâ€™s diameter (didnâ€™t include the paper discâ€™s diameter ) at Salmonella thyposa is as follow : soaking neem seed powder with 0% concentration (control) = 0 mm, 10.5% = 2.33 mm, 11.5% = 3.0 mm, 12.5% = 18.67 mm, 13.5% = 5.33 mm, 14.5% = 5.0 mm, and15.5% = 4.0 mm. While the barrierâ€™s diameter at Staphylococcus aureus is as follow : soaking neem seed powder with 0% concentration (control) = 0 mm, 10.5% = 2.0 mm, 11.5% = 2.83 mm, 12.5% = 19.67 mm, 13.5% = 4.0 mm, 14.5% = 3.0 mm, 15.5% = 5 mm. Based on qualitative test result with TLC, it was found that the active chemistry compound in soaking neem seed powder are saponin and flavonoid. Based on this result, it can be concluded that soaking neem seed powder can impede the growth of Salmonella thyposa and Staphylococcus aureus.Â© 2007 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Neem (Azadirachta indica), Barrier, Salmonella thyposa and Staphylococcus aureus, Paper disc, TLC
Ecological study on mangrove forest in East Coast of North Sumatra
Authors: ONRIZAL ONRIZAL , KUSMANA CECEP
Published: July 2014

Ecological studies on mangrove forest in East Coast of North Sumatra have been carried out with field work in transect method and laboratory analyses. This study would be covered on floristic composition, abrasion, green belt, soil properties, and water quality of mangroves. Land system map and landsat TM imagery (year 1996 coverage) as main material in this study were used and overlay to determine training area. Based on vegetation inventory found that 20 mangrove species and by vegetation analyses, we known that Avicennia marina was as dominant tree species of seedling and sapling stage. Tree stage was not found in the area, yet. Environment properties of the mangrove area were suitable for mangrove growth and rehabilitation with the exception of pyrite content in the mangrove soil. Average of mangrove green belt was 25 m with range from 10 to 80 m in KJP (Kajapah) land system and 30 m with range 10 to 50 m in PTG (Putting) land system. Abrasion rate in the area was very high, i.e. 6 m per year in KJP land system, and 10 m per year in PTG land system.Â© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: mangrove, abrasion, green belt, soil properties, water quality, North Sumatra
Review: Biflavonoid compounds of Selaginella Pal. Beauv. and its benefit
Authors: SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI , DARUSMAN LATIFAH KOSIM
Published: July 2014

In the present day, medicinal plants increasingly play important role in human health, while about 60-75% of world population depending on plants and their extracts for medication. Selaginella Pal. Beauv. (Selaginellaceae Reichb.) is a potent medicinal plant source. This plant contains biflavonoid compounds, a dimeric form of flavonoids. Flavonoids are secondary metabolite that is most used in medical purposes. They are often occurred in daily consumed vegetables and fruits. Chemical constituents of flavonoids are very diverse, because they are generated in many biosynthetic methods. There are many biflavonoid compounds of Selaginella, i.e. amentoflavone, 2',8''-biapigenin, ginkgetin, heveaflavone, hinokiflavone, isocryptomerine, kayaflavone, podocarpusflavone A, robustaflavone, sumaflavone, and taiwaniaflavone. For the plants, these biflavonoid are used to response environmental condition such as defense against pests, diseases, herbivory, and competitions; while for the people, these compounds are used as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti cancer, antimicrobial (antivirus, antibacterial, anti fungal, antiprotozoan), neuroprotective, vasorelaxant, anti UV-irradiation, antispasmodic, anti allergic, antihaemorrhagic, antinociceptive, etc. The antioxidant purpose of biflavonoid is the most important activities of this secondary metabolite. It is related to the anti cancer and anti-inflammatory functions. The antioxidant of biflavonoid is more powerful than Î²-carotene, vitamin C and E. In the future, Selaginella research exhaustively needs to be conducted on morphological and molecular characteristics. It deeply needs to explore on biflavonoid and other natural products constituents, and it also needs to search on their bioactivities.Â© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: flavonoid, biflavonoid, Selaginella.
The effect of pauh kijang (Irvingia malayana Oliv ex. A. Benn) in decreasing parasitemia percentage in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei
Authors: PRAPTIWI PRAPTIWI , CHAIRUL CHAIRUL
Published: July 2014

This study was conducted to determine the influence of pauh kijang (Irvingia malayana Oliv.) stem bark ethanol extract in decreasing parasitemia in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Mice were divided into 6 groups as treatments: (1) negative control (CMC), pauh kijang ethanol extract with the concentration of (2)1, (3)10, (4)100, (5) 1000 mg/kg BW, and (6) quinine as positive control. The result showed that meridian effective dose (ED50) of pauh kijang ethanol extract was 36.95 mg/kg BW. Treatment of 100 mg/kg BW lowered parasitemia level by 63.8%, and this treatment did not give significant different (P>0.05) compared to positive control. The result suggests that pauh kijang ethanol extract had antiplasmodial activity since this extract reduces parasitemia more than 30%.Â© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Irvingia malayana, antimalarial, malaria, ED50, plasmodium
Estimation of genetic variation of Amorphophallus titanum Becc. based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA
Authors: POERBA YUYU SURYASARI , YUZAMMI YUZAMMI
Published: July 2014

Amorphophallus titanum Becc. (Araceae), is known by titan arum (western) or bunga bangkai (Indonesian), is the bulkiest inflorescence in the world. The species is valued for its unique character of their inflorescence. The species has been overexploited and is considered as vulnerable plant species. The present study is carried out to assess genetic diversity and to estimate genetic relationship among 22 accessions collected from two different populations in Sumatra using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Nine RAPD primers generated 143 scorable bands which 137 (95.84%) of them were polymorphic. Clustering analysis was performed based on RAPD profiles using the UPGMA method. The range of genetic dissimilarity value among accessions was from 0.14 to 0.59, while the range of genetic dissimilarity among populations was from 0.67 and 0.77. These values showed that A. titanum from Sumatra were more genetically diverse among genotypes than that of among populations.Â© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Amorphophallus titanum Becc. random amplified polymorphic DNA.
Vegetation structure and composition of the montane zone of Mount Gede Pangrango National Park
Authors: ARRIJANI ARRIJANI
Published: July 2014

The objective of this study was to found on composition and structure of vegetation of upstream Cianjur Watersheds at the montane zone Mt. Gede Pangrango National Park. Research sampling conducted by using plot method placed purposive random sampling at research location with increase elevation equal to 300 m from sea level. Every 300 m elevation level, were taken 10 sample plots so that up to 1600- 2400 (montane zone) totalize plot were 30. Measured parameter cover density, frequency, dominancy, Important Value Index (IVI), Diversity Index (H'), and Evenness (E). The subdividing pattern plot had been done through cluster analysis. Result of research indicatethat species puspa (Schima wallichii) and rasamala (Altingia excelsa) were two species with highest Important Value Index, so that both species considered to be dominant the community. The species diversity index (Hâ€™) equal to 3.78 categorized to high, but the evenness value (E) was categorized to low (1.26). The phenomena happened because the distribution of species was heterogeneous. The Cluster Analysis indicated that there were three sub-groups which can be categorized as sub-zone in sub-montane zone were the sub-zone lower, middle and high.Â© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: structure and composition, vegetation, montane zone, Mt. Gede-Pangrango National Park.