bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceptual attribution and perceptual reference
Authors: Quilty‐Dunn Jake , Green E. J.
Published: October 2021

Perceptual representations pick out individuals and attribute properties to them. This paper considers the role of perceptual attribution in determining or guiding perceptual reference to objects. We consider three extant models of the relation between perceptual attribution and perceptual reference–all attribution guides reference, no attribution guides reference, or a privileged subset of attributions guides reference–and argue that empirical evidence undermines all three. We then defend a flexible‐attributives model, on which the range of perceptual attributives used to guide reference shifts adaptively with context. This model underscores the remarkable and dynamic intelligence of our perceptual capacities. We elucidate implications of the model for the boundary between perception and propositional thought.
Improving support of informal carers of respiratory patients
Authors: Farquhar Morag
Published: October 2021

See related article
Sensory compensation beliefs among blind and sighted individuals
Authors: Pieniak Michal , Lachowicz‐Tabaczek Kinga , Karwowski Maciej , Oleszkiewicz Anna
Published: October 2021

The process of neural and behavioral reorganization following sensory loss is known as sensory compensation. Typically, it is believed that sensory loss is followed by increased acuity of the intact modalities. Indeed, many studies compared blind and sighted individuals’ sensitivity of the intact sensory modalities. Yet, it remains poorly understood whether sensory compensation is reflected in the lay beliefs of those, whom it concerns. We examined whether blind and sighted individuals believe that their lack of vision is compensated by increased sensitivity of the intact senses. Study 1 (n = 63) aimed to compare the ratings of sensory sensitivity made by blind and sighted people. Participants rated the sensory sensitivity of a blind population in four modalities (i.e., olfaction, audition, gustation, touch) and compared it to the sensory sensitivity of a sighted population. In Study 2 (n = 191) participants rated their own sensory sensitivity in four modalities. Each participant referred to (1) people of the same sensory status and (2) people of the opposite sensory status. The level of global self‐esteem was controlled to verify self‐enhancing nature of these beliefs. The results of both studies showed that the beliefs about sensory compensation are shared by blind and sighted participants on group and on individual levels. The self‐enhancement underpinning of these beliefs was most pronounced in gustatory sensitivity assessment. Psychological and medical consequences of sensory compensation beliefs are discussed.
THE MOLLUSCICIDAL EFFECT OF THE STEM EXTRACTS OF Tinospora crispa IN CONTROLLING THE GOLDEN APPLE SNAIL Pomacea canaliculata
Authors: Abdul Aziz Noorshilawati , Abdullah Nur Suraya , Harun Aiza , Muhamad Alias Siti Aisyah
Published: October 2021

This study investigated the molluscicidal effect of the stem extracts of Tinospora crispa in controlling the golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata. Extracts were prepared in four solvents, i.e., hexane, chloroform, methanol, and distilled water at three concentrations (1,000, 5,000, and 10,000 ppm) per solvent. The phytochemical contents of the extracts were qualitatively identified, and the lethal concentration (LC50) of the extracts for mollusicicidal potential was determined using the probit analysis. The effect of T. crispa extracts on the snail was monitored for three days and the snail mortality was recorded every 24 h. The stem extract prepared in methanol at 10,000 ppm showed the highest molluscicidal effect with a mortality of 80% at 72 h. Phytochemicals identified in the stem extracts included alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, tannin, and terpenoids. Based on the probit analysis, stem extracts of T. crispa prepared in methanol showed the lowest LC50 value of 3,428 ppm for mollusicicidal potential and followed by extracts prepared in chloroform, hexane, and distilled water at 5,888, 14,771, and 14,993 ppm, respectively.
CHEMICAL EPOXIDATION OF OLEIC ACID TO PRODUCE AB TYPE MONOMER FOR FATTY-ACID-BASED POLYESTER SYNTHESIS
Authors: Sawitri Dyah Retno , Mulyono Panut , Rochmadi Rochmadi , Budiman Arief
Published: October 2021

Epoxides from vegetable oils are currently gaining more attention to replace petroleum-based monomers for polymer synthesis. As one of unsaturated fatty acids derived from vegetable oil, Oleic acid can be converted into epoxidized oleic acid by chemical epoxidation. Epoxidized oleic acid is a bifunctional monomer that has the potential to be used as raw material for fatty-acid-based polyester synthesis. This paper proposes the Taguchi-based optimization technique for in-situ epoxidation of oleic acid. The combining factors affecting the maximum yield were also determined to obtain a higher quality of epoxidized oleic acid in a relatively short time.  Epoxidized oleic acid was characterized and tested for degradation. The characterization result showed the possibility of the polymerization reaction, and the kinetic study showed that the rate of epoxide degradation at room temperature follows second order with a reaction rate constant of2.7235 gr.mmol-1.day-1.
Sistem Pengurusan Kualiti Berteraskan Syariah MS 1900: Pelaksanaan di Mahkamah Syariah Negeri Melaka (Shariah-based Quality Management System MS 1900: An Implementation at Melaka State Syariah Court)
Authors: Shahrom Nur Fatin Nabilah , Basir Siti Arni
Published: October 2021

This article focuses on the implementation of Shariah-based Quality Management System (QMS) MS 1900 in Melaka State Syariah Court (MSSC) which is one of the earliest Syariah Courts being certified with the MS 1900 QMS. This study was conducted with a case study strategy that uses a semi-structured interview technique involving 11 informants consisting of top management and the committee members at MSSC. Findings of this study were discovered by employing thematic analysis techniques with the help of Atlas.ti software 8. The findings indicated that there were 13 steps in the implementation of MS 1900 MSSC that is start work on ISO 9000, top management leadership, visits to benchmark institutions, the establishment of special committees, resource management, documentation, procurement and supply, Management Review Meeting (MRM), continuous improvement, internal audit, external audit and services at MSSC. The findings of this study can help other institutions to get guidance to start MS 1900 implementation of pending successfully certified by SIRIM.
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A Micro-Polar Model for Buckling Analysis of Vierendeel Periodic Beams
Authors: Penta Francesco , Gesualdo Antonio
Published: October 2021

A method is presented for evaluating the axial critical loads and deformed shapes of a Vierendeel periodic girder. They are obtained by solving the large-deflections equilibrium problem of a micro-polar equivalent model. The elastic properties of this model have been derived from those of an ideal girder whose cells may deform only according to the inner forces transferring modes of the unit cell. In particular, the strain energy density of the equivalent medium is obtained by evaluating the limit of the girder elastic energy for the cell to girder size ratio tending to zero.

To solve Engesser/Haringx discord, the large deflections equilibrium equations are deduced by the virtual work principle, without any a priori assumption on the shear force. For this aim, also the external work of the substitute medium is evaluated by the same procedure as the strain energy density. Actually, it is first written for the ideal girder under the assumption of negligibility of the axial effects at the cell-scale, then specialized for the continuous medium by examining the limit value for cell to girder size ratio going to zero. Closed form solutions for the critical deformed shapes are given, together with an accurate formula for the girder buckling load
The power of hunger
Authors: Alhadeff Amber L.
Published: October 2021

Interoceptive sensing and hunger neurons have a role in the control of behavior
A privileged brain
Authors: Rustenhoven Justin
Published: October 2021

Local neuroimmune collaboration safeguards the central nervous system
Hidden in plain sight
Authors: Keller Andreas J.
Published: October 2021

Context controls the activity of sensory neurons
Genome Sequences of West Nile Virus Reference Materials
Authors: Roth Hanna , Kreß Julia , Chudy Michael , Blümel Johannes , Schmidt-Chanasit Jonas , Cadar Dániel , Niedrig Matthias , Ferenczi Emőke , Herrmann Maike , Baylis Sally A. , Miskey Csaba
Published: October 2021

We report the sequences of two West Nile virus (WNV) strains (lineages 1 and 2) developed by the Paul-Ehrlich-Institut as reference materials. The materials are calibrated against the 1st World Health Organization WNV RNA International Standard and are intended for use in nucleic acid technology assays supporting transfusion safety.
Whole-Genome Sequences of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Positive Blood Cultures
Authors: Reslane Itidal , Sladek Margaret , Fey Paul D. , Abdalhamid Baha
Published: October 2021

Staphylococcus aureus
is a major cause of skin and soft tissue infections as well as bloodstream infections worldwide. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of 18 deidentified
S. aureus
clinical strains collected from positive blood cultures.
Supplemental Material: Testing models of Laramide orogenic initiation by investigation of Late Cretaceous magmatic-tectonic evolution of the central Mojave sector of the California arc
Authors: Economos R.C. , al. et
Published: October 2021

Table S1: SHRIMP zircon U-Pb geochronology data for six samples from the Cadiz Valley batholith. Table S2: SHRIMP zircon U-Pb geochronology data for six samples from the Federal 2-26 Cajon Pass drill core. Table S3: Whole-rock major- and trace-element geochemistry of granitic rocks from Joshua Tree National Park and the Cadiz Valley batholith measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Table S4: Rb/Sr and Sm/Nd isotope data from the Joshua Tree National Park and Cadiz Valley batholith. Table S5: Locations, data, and references used to generate histograms in Figure 5.
Supplemental Material: Print Your Compass: Using 3D Printed Geological Compasses for Teaching and Research Purposes
Authors: Triantafyllou Antoine
Published: October 2021

3D models (as .obj filetype) for each part of the PYC compass
Case of postural urticaria in a 14-year-old girl
Authors: Gabrielli Sofianne , Le Michelle , Netchiporouk Elena , Ben-Shoshan Moshe
Published: October 2021

Chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) is a subset of chronic urticaria that has an identifiable trigger. We present a case of postural urticaria induced by change in position in a 14-year-old girl. The patient’s CIndU was not adequately managed with both antihistamine and omalizumab treatment, indicating a recalcitrant form of CIndU.
Maternal emotional and physical intimate partner violence and early child development: investigating mediators in a cross-sectional study in a South African birth cohort
Authors: Barnett Whitney , Halligan Sarah L , Wedderburn Catherine , MacGinty Rae , Hoffman Nadia , Zar Heather J , Stein Dan , Donald Kirsten
Published: October 2021

Objectives

This study investigated associations between recent maternal intimate partner violence (IPV) (emotional, physical and sexual) and child development at 2 years as well as whether maternal depression or alcohol use mediated these relationships.

Design

Cross-sectional study nested in a South African birth cohort.

Setting

Two primary care clinics in Paarl, South Africa.

Participants

626 mother–child pairs; inclusion criteria for maternal antenatal enrolment were clinic attendance and remaining in the study area for at least 1 year; women were excluded if a minor.

Primary outcome measures

Child cognitive, language and motor development composite scores. These were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition.

Results

Emotional IPV was associated with lower cognitive (β=−0.32; 95% CI −0.60 to –0.04), language (β=−0.36; 95% CI −0.69 to –0.01) or motor composite scores (β=−0.58; 95% CI −0.95 to –0.20) in children at 2 years of age. Physical IPV was associated with lower motor scores (β=−0.42; 95% CI −0.75 to –0.09) at 2 years. Sexual IPV was unrelated to developmental outcomes, possibly due to low prevalence. Neither recent maternal depression nor alcohol use were shown to mediate the relationship between IPV and developmental outcomes.

Conclusions

Interventions to reduce maternal physical and emotional IPV and early-life interventions for infants and toddlers are needed to promote optimal child development.
Is premature birth an environmental sensitivity factor? A scoping review protocol
Authors: Lionetti Francesca , Dellagiulia Antonio , Prudentino Giulia , Spinelli Maria , Pluess Michael , Fasolo Mirco
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Globally, around 10% of children are born preterm and are more at risk of negative developmental outcomes. However, empirical evidences and theoretical reasoning also suggest that premature birth can be a susceptibility factor, increasing sensitivity to the environment for better and for worse. Because available findings are controversial, with the current scoping review we will explore if, based on the available literature, preterm birth can be seen as an environmental sensitivity (ES) factor. In doing so, we will consider a series of moderating variables, including the level of prematurity, the type of environment and the outcome investigated. Methodological aspects, as the type of measures used and study design, will be considered.

Methods and analysis

The scoping review will be conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology guidelines. The report will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. We will perform the search between 15 January 2022 and 1 February 2022. Data will be chartered by independent reviewers.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not required, as primary data will not be collected. This scoping review will be the first to explore whether prematurity is associated with an increased ES. This review can have important implications for tailoring prevention and intervention programmes. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Development of critical thinking skills of undergraduate students throughout the 4 years of nursing degree at a public university in Spain: a descriptive study
Authors: Jimenez Jose-Maria , Lopez Maria , Castro Maria-Jose , Martin-Gil Belen , Cao Maria-Jose , Fernandez-Castro Mercedes
Published: October 2021

Objective

To analyse the critical thinking skills of students enrolled in the four academic years of the nursing degree at a public university belonging to the European Higher Education Area.

Design

Cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive study. Using the Critical Thinking Questionnaire to analyse the critical thinking skills in their substantive and dialogic dimension.

Setting

Faculty of Nursing, Valladolid Public University in Spain, belonging to the European Higher Education Area.

Participants

The sample consisted of 215 first-year, second-year, third-year and fourth-year undergraduate nursing students.

Main outcomes

The students of the four academic years were positively disposed towards critical thinking. The students of the final courses obtained higher average scores.

Results

The study sample was 215 students, 19.1% men/80.9% women. The average score in the substantive dimension (3.81±0.53 points) was higher than that in the dialogic dimension (3.48±0.51 points) (p<0.001). They had a greater ability in listening and speaking (3.77±0.61 points) with respect to writing (3.65±0.61 points) and reading (3.52±0.43 points) (p<0.001). There are significant differences in the critical thinking average scores across academic years.

Conclusions

Nursing students displayed a greater critical thinking ability in its substantive dimension compared with the dialogic one. This reflects a greater ability in actions related to provide reasons and evidence that support their point of view. Identifying critical thinking skills in nursing students will help establish specific teaching methodologies focused on improving these skills.
National survey of attitudes towards and intentions to vaccinate against COVID-19: implications for communications
Authors: Stead Martine , Jessop Curtis , Angus Kathryn , Bedford Helen , Ussher Michael , Ford Allison , Eadie Douglas , MacGregor Andy , Hunt Kate , MacKintosh Anne Marie
Published: October 2021

Objectives

To examine public views on COVID-19 vaccination and consider the implications for communications and targeted support.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Online and telephone nationally representative survey in Great Britain, January to February 2021.

Participants

4978 adults. Survey response rate was 84%, among the 5931 panellists invited.

Main outcome measures

Sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, education, financial status), COVID-19 status, vaccine acceptance, trust in COVID-19 vaccination information sources, perceptions of vaccination priority groups and perceptions of importance of second dose.

Results

COVID-19 vaccine acceptance (83%) was associated with increasing age, higher level of education and having been invited for vaccination. Acceptance decreased with unconfirmed past COVID-19, greater financial hardship and non-white British ethnicity; black/black British participants had lowest acceptance. Overall, healthcare and scientific sources of information were most trusted. Compared with white British participants, other ethnicities had lower trust in healthcare and scientific sources. Those with lower educational attainment or financial hardship had lower trust in healthcare and scientific sources. Those with no qualifications had higher trust in media and family/friends. While trust was low overall in community or faith leaders, it was higher among those with Asian/Asian British and black/black British ethnicity compared with white British participants. Views of vaccine prioritisation were mostly consistent with UK official policy but there was support for prioritising additional groups. There was high support for having the second vaccine dose.

Conclusions

Targeted engagement is needed to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in non-white British ethnic groups, in younger adults, and among those with lower education, greater financial hardship and unconfirmed past infection. Healthcare professionals and scientific advisors should play a central role in communications and tailored messaging is needed for hesitant groups. Careful communication around vaccination prioritisation continues to be required.
Identifying harm reduction strategies for alcohol and drug-use in inpatient care settings and emergency departments: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Curran Janet A , Somerville Mari , Boulos Leah , Caudarella Alexander , Crowther Daniel , Johnson Catie , Wozney Lori , MacPhee Shannon , Sinclair Douglas , Elliott Rose Annette , Jose Caroline , Joudrey Morgan
Published: October 2021

Introduction

People who use alcohol and/or drugs (PWUAD) are at high risk of medical complications, frequent hospitalisation and drug-related death following discharge from inpatient settings and emergency departments (EDs). Harm reduction strategies implemented in these settings may mitigate negative health outcomes for PWUAD. However, the scope of harm reduction strategies used globally within inpatient settings and EDs is unknown. The objective of this review is to identify and synthesise reported harm reduction strategies that have been implemented across inpatient settings and EDs for PWUAD.

Methods and analysis

This review will include studies from any country and health service reporting on harm reduction strategies implemented in inpatient settings or EDs. The population of interest includes people of any race, gender and age identifying as PWUAD, or individuals who provided care to PWUAD. Studies which describe implementation strategies and barriers and enablers to implementation will be included. Studies published in English, or those available for English translation will be included. The following databases will be searched: MEDLINE All (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier Embase.com), CINAHL with Full Text (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost) and SCOPUS (Elsevier Scopus.com). A grey literature search will be conducted. There will be no date restrictions on the search. Titles, abstracts and full texts will be screened in duplicate. Data will be extracted using a standardised form. The results will be reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews.

Ethics and dissemination

Scoping reviews do not require ethical approval. Patient partners with lived experience and relevant knowledge users will be engaged as research team members throughout all phases of the research process. A report detailing context, methodology and findings from this review will be disseminated to knowledge users and relevant community stakeholders. This review will be submitted for publication to a relevant peer-reviewed journal.
Death from COVID-19: management of breathlessness: a retrospective multicentre study
Authors: Reid Colette , Laird Barry , Travers Susan , McNiff Jessica , Young Suzanne , Maddicks Jack , Bentley Angela , Fenning Stephen
Published: October 2021

Objectives

Breathlessness is the most significant symptom in those dying of COVID-19. Historically, though, it has often been palliated poorly at end of life. The aim of this work was to assess whether breathlessness in patients dying from COVID-19 was being managed appropriately.

Methods

A multicentre, retrospective analysis of clinical data was undertaken. Patients who had died of COVID-19 across three acute hospitals over a 2-month period were included. Those already prescribed background opioids and those who died in intensive care were excluded. Data were collected from clinical notes, where available.

Results

71 patients from 18 wards (3 hospitals) were included. The median total dose of opioid and midazolam given in the last 24 hours of life (continuous subcutaneous infusion ± ‘as required’ medication) was 33 mg (14–55) and 15 mg (6–26), respectively. 37 patients (52%) were prescribed continuous subcutaneous infusions. There were 426 recorded respiratory rates of at least 25 breaths per minute, for which an opioid or benzodiazepine was given in 113 (27%) of instances.

Conclusions

Less than a third of episodes of breathlessness, as measured by respiratory rate, were palliated with anticipatory medicines. Specific palliative care guidelines for COVID-19 are necessary but may not always be followed.
Initial stay times for uncompensable occupational heat stress in young and older men: a preliminary assessment
Authors: Notley Sean R. , Akerman Ashley P. , Kenny Glen P.
Published: October 2021

During uncompensable occupational heat stress, heat-mitigation controls are required to prevent core temperature exceeding recommended limits (≥38 °C). However, the initial stay time before employing controls remained unknown. We estimated these times for moderate-intensity work at 26, 28, 30, and 32 °C wet-bulb globe temperatures (WBGT) in 50 young (18–30 years) and older (50–70 years), non-heat acclimatized men. Initial stay time was 111 min at 26 °C WBGT and declined exponentially to 44 min at 32 °C WBGT.

Novelty: We provide estimates of the moderate-intensity work duration before heat-mitigation is required in wet-bulb globe temperatures between 26–32 °C for young and older, non-heat acclimatized men.
Cover crops improve some, but not all, soil health indicators in horticultural rotations
Authors: Marshall Carolyn B. , Burton David L. , Lynch Derek H.
Published: October 2021

Production of fruits and vegetables provides nutrient dense and high value crops. However, horticulture production is often very intensive and degrading to soil, with high levels of soil disturbance, high use of fertilizer inputs, and with prolonged periods of exposed soil. This can lead to increased soil degradation when compared to other types of cropping. We used a subset of the Atlantic Soil Health Laboratory’s database of on-farm soil samples collected between 2016 and 2018 to assess the impact of cover crop (CC) use in horticulture production in Nova Scotia on soil health. We analyzed 21 soil health parameters on soil collected from 14 fields, seven of which incorporated CCs in their crop rotation and seven of which used no CCs. The inclusion of CCs significantly increased permanganate oxidizable carbon (POX), soil respiration, autoclaved-citrate extractable (ACE) protein, residual soil nitrogen (N), and biologically available N. However, we also found that the variation in these parameters was greater when CCs were part of the rotation. This is likely attributable to the wide range of CC species used and differences in their management, such as the chosen termination method. While cover cropping is seen as a best management practice to improve soil health, simply using a CC in a horticulture rotation does not necessarily lead to improved soil health. Research trials on specific CC species and management to target soil degradation are needed to tailor recommendations to ensure the desired soil health outcomes can be achieved with CC use.
Cartan connections and path structures with large automorphism groups
Authors: Falbel E. , Mion-Mouton M. , Veloso J. M.
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we classify compact manifolds of dimension three equipped with a path structure and a fixed contact form (which we refer to as a strict path structure) under the hypothesis that their automorphism group is non-compact. We use a Cartan connection associated to the structure and show that its curvature is constant.
Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Compressive Sensing of Magnetic Resonance Images
Authors: Lu Hong , Zou Xiaofei , Liao Longlong , Li Kenli , Liu Jie
Published: October 2021

Compressive Sensing for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CS-MRI) aims to reconstruct Magnetic Resonance (MR) images from under-sampled raw data. There are two challenges to improve CS-MRI methods, i.e. designing an under-sampling algorithm to achieve optimal sampling, as well as designing fast and small deep neural networks to obtain reconstructed MR images with superior quality. To improve the reconstruction quality of MR images, we propose a novel deep convolutional neural network architecture for CS-MRI named MRCSNet. The MRCSNet consists of three sub-networks, a compressive sensing sampling sub-network, an initial reconstruction sub-network, and a refined reconstruction sub-network. Experimental results demonstrate that MRCSNet generates high-quality reconstructed MR images at various under-sampling ratios, and also meets the requirements of real-time CS-MRI applications. Compared to state-of-the-art CS-MRI approaches, MRCSNet offers a significant improvement in reconstruction accuracies, such as Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity (SSIM). Besides, it reduces the reconstruction error evaluated by the Normalized Root-Mean-Square Error (NRMSE). The source codes are available at https://github.com/TaihuLight/MRCSNet .
The Psychological Profile of Tunisian SMEs Founders Amid the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Tamzini Khaled
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this paper is to determine the psychological profile of the Tunisian SMEs founder amid the COVID-19 crisis. The results of this research demonstrated that their psychological profile in times of COVID-19 crisis is quadridimensional and that each of these four dimensions (tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty, attitude towards risk, self-confidence and locus of control) are unidimensional. This research was conducted in three Tunisian industries (textiles and clothing industries, agro-food industries and industries of ceramic and glass building materials) via the administration of a questionnaire via LinkedIn (between March, 15 and May, 15 2020) to more than 400 SMEs’ founders. The critical contributions of this research are the clarification of the role of psychological factors in the field of entrepreneurship, which remains unclear, by enriching previous research on entrepreneurial personality. The main findings of this study: (1) the four key psychological traits correspond to the “specific traits” of an entrepreneur; (2) these “specific traits” are more suitable to study the profile of the SME’s founder profile at the time of crisis than the more “stable traits” — the Big Five traits; (3) the psychological profile of the SME’s founder in a hyper-turbulent environment (namely the COVID-19 crisis) correspond to the psychological entrepreneurial profile.
Thermodynamic formalism for quantum channels: Entropy, pressure, Gibbs channels and generic properties
Authors: Brasil Jader E. , Knorst Josué , Lopes Artur O.
Published: October 2021

Denote [Formula: see text] the set of complex [Formula: see text] by [Formula: see text] matrices. We will analyze here quantum channels [Formula: see text] of the following kind: given a measurable function [Formula: see text] and the measure [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] we define the linear operator [Formula: see text], via the expression [Formula: see text]. A recent paper by T. Benoist, M. Fraas, Y. Pautrat, and C. Pellegrini is our starting point. They considered the case where [Formula: see text] was the identity. Under some mild assumptions on the quantum channel [Formula: see text] we analyze the eigenvalue property for [Formula: see text] and we define entropy for such channel. For a fixed [Formula: see text] (the a priori measure) and for a given a Hamiltonian [Formula: see text] we present a version of the Ruelle Theorem: a variational principle of pressure (associated to such [Formula: see text]) related to an eigenvalue problem for the Ruelle operator. We introduce the concept of Gibbs channel. We also show that for a fixed [Formula: see text] (with more than one point in the support) the set of [Formula: see text] such that it is [Formula: see text]-Erg (also irreducible) for [Formula: see text] is a generic set. We describe a related process [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], taking values on the projective space [Formula: see text] and analyze the question of the existence of invariant probabilities. We also consider an associated process [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], with values on [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] is the set of density operators). Via the barycenter, we associate the invariant probability mentioned above with the density operator fixed for [Formula: see text].
Distributive Noetherian centrally essential rings
Authors: Markov V. T. , Tuganbaev A. A.
Published: October 2021

It is proved that a ring A is a right or left Noetherian, right distributive, centrally essential ring if and only if [Formula: see text], where each of the rings [Formula: see text] is either a commutative Dedekind domain or a left and right Artinian, left and right uniserial ring.
In Silico Approaches to Reveal Structural Insights, Stability and Catalysis of Bacillus-Derived α-Amylases Prior to Advance Lab Experiments
Authors: Gupta Nisha , Paul Jai Shankar , Jadhav S. K.
Published: October 2021

[Formula: see text]-amylase is the most widely used Glycoside Hydrolase (GH) in industries for decades. It randomly cleaves the [Formula: see text]-D-(1, 4) glucosidic bonds of [Formula: see text]-polysaccharides (starch and glycogen) to release glucose and short-chain oligosaccharides. Substantial advances have taken place in research related to [Formula: see text]-amylases. However, bioinformatics study needs a little more exploration before conducting wet-lab experiments. We aimed to perform a comparative structure-function relationship study of 10 different Bacillus-derived [Formula: see text]-amylases using several computational biology tools. After aligning all the [Formula: see text]-amylases, 3D structures were made using the SWISS-MODEL. The accuracy and stability of the predicted models were validated via different web servers like Verify-3D, ERRAT, RMSD and ProSA. MolProbity and PROCHECK were used for mapping the residues in the most favored region of the Ramachandran plot. The Ramachandran plot reveals that [Formula: see text] of the amino acid residues of the selected [Formula: see text]-amylase genes lie within the favored region. Our findings suggest that all the [Formula: see text]-amylases were stable as per the validation results we got. The study has revealed clear and concise structural related aspects. This paper will encourage the researchers to include and prioritize in silico work of [Formula: see text]-amylase genes to obtain more accurate outcomes. As the output obtained in this study via in silico tools reveals the structural peculiarity and more about the catalytic domain impression, it highly recommends incorporating such studies for better results. This approach will save efforts, costs and time for researchers.
Decision List Compression by Mild Random Restrictions
Authors: Lovett Shachar , Wu Kewen , Zhang Jiapeng
Published: October 2021

A decision list is an ordered list of rules. Each rule is specified by a term, which is a conjunction of literals, and a value. Given an input, the output of a decision list is the value corresponding to the first rule whose term is satisfied by the input. Decision lists generalize both CNFs and DNFs and have been studied both in complexity theory and in learning theory.

The size of a decision list is the number of rules, and its width is the maximal number of variables in a term. We prove that decision lists of small width can always be approximated by decision lists of small size, where we obtain sharp bounds for such approximation. This also resolves a conjecture of Gopalan, Meka, and Reingold (Computational Complexity, 2013) on DNF sparsification.

An ingredient in our proof is a new random restriction lemma, which allows to analyze how DNFs (and more generally, decision lists) simplify if a small fraction of the variables are fixed. This is in contrast to the more commonly used switching lemma, which requires most of the variables to be fixed.
Passages
Authors: Groce Alex
Published: October 2021

O.-J. Dahl, E. W. Dijkstra, and C. A. R. Hoare's Structured Programming is a foundational text in software engineering, programming languages, and computer science, although perhaps now a seldom-read one. This column will focus primarily on Dijkstra's part of the book, the first 80 or so pages, his famous Notes on Structured Programming. I'll also comment briefly on Dahl and Hoare's contributions, which are well worth your time.
An Interview with Nachiappan Nagappan - ACM Fellow 2020
Authors: Pfahl Dietmar
Published: October 2021

Nachiappan (Nachi) Nagappan is one of the five ACM Fellows of the 2020 cohort who are also active SIGSOFT members. To celebrate his award, we invited him to a question/answer session.

Nachi earned his PhD from North Carolina State University (NCSU), USA, in 2005. Afterwards he was with Microsoft Research for more than 15 years, rising through the ranks from Software Engineer to Partner Researcher. In January 2021, he started in a new position with Facebook.

Nachi's research interests are in the field of Software Engineering focusing on Software Reliability, Developer Productivity, Software Data Analytics and Empirical Software engineering. More broadly, he works on software analytics for improving software engineering practices. His work is strongly interdisciplinary and his research projects span the spectrum of software analytics ranging from developer productivity, large scale mining for GitHub, empirical software engineering analytics for the development process, intelligent software design for games, to predicting software service outages for cloud services. Nachi has been the recipient of many honors and best paper awards. For example, in 2019 and 2021, he and his co-authors won the ESEC/FSE test-of-time award, and in 2020 Nachi received the prestigious Harlan D. Mills Award.
Industry-Academia Research Collaborations During and After COVID-19
Authors: Marijan Dusica , Bansal Chetan , Lopez Tamara
Published: October 2021

There exists a long-standing challenge of building successful research collaborations between industry and academia in software engineering. There are multiple reasons contributing to this issue, including different timelines, impact metrics, expectations, and perceptions of researchers and practitioners, altogether leading to the issue known as the industryacademia collaboration gap. After the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, most researchers and practitioners were sent to work from home, relying on virtual collaboration with their peers, which might have given rise to an even wider industry-academia collaboration gap. At the 8th International Workshop on Software Engineering Research and Industrial Practice, held virtually at the International Conference on Software Engineering 2021, we investigate the impact that working from home has had on research collaborations between industry and academia. We also take a look at how remote work may change research collaborations in the future. In this report, we present takeaways from keynote talks on this matter, share insights from the panel of six experts on the topic of industry-academia collaborations, and finally summarize findings from related paper presentations.
Interactive retrieval practice in renal physiology improves performance on customized National Board of Medical Examiners examination of medical students
Authors: Anders Michael E. , Vuk Jasna , Rhee Sung W.
Published: October 2021

Retrieval practice improves long-term retention. Use of interactive retrieval practice in large group, in-person and online live classes, in combination with outside resources, is unreported for medical physiology classes. The primary study purpose was to compare student cohorts’ performance with or without retrieval practice in renal physiology classes, relative to the national average on customized national examinations in renal physiology, nonphysiology, and all questions. The secondary purpose was to examine the students’ educational experience. For the primary purpose, we used a nonequivalent group, posttest-only design. For the secondary purpose, we used cross-sectional and qualitative designs. We analyzed examination results of 684 students in four academic years. For renal physiology questions, students performed significantly better in years with retrieval practice compared with years without it ( P < 0.001). There was no change in nonphysiology scores over the four years. Performance in all questions, too, significantly improved ( P < 0.001). A large majority (86%) of students indicated retrieval practice helped them learn renal physiology. Student ratings of quality in online classes, which featured interactive retrieval practice, were higher than that of in-person classes ( P < 0.001). Qualitative analysis revealed students found interactive retrieval practice, scaffolding, outside resources, and the instructor’s teaching style helpful. Educators in medical physiology classes can use our findings to implement interactive retrieval practice.
Supporting Risk‐Aware Use of Online Translation Tools in Delivering Mental Healthcare Services among Spanish‐Speaking Populations
Authors: Xie Wenxiu , Ji Meng , Zhao Mengdan , Qian Xiaobo , Chow Chi-Yin , Lam Kam-Yiu , Hao Tianyong
Published: October 2021

Neural machine translation technologies are having increasing applications in clinical and healthcare settings. In multicultural countries, automatic translation tools provide critical support to medical and health professionals in their interaction and exchange of health messages with migrant patients with limited or non‐English proficiency. While research has mainly explored the usability and limitations of state‐of‐the‐art machine translation tools in the detection and diagnosis of physical diseases and conditions, there is a persistent lack of evidence‐based studies on the applicability of machine translation tools in the delivery of mental healthcare services for vulnerable populations. Our study developed Bayesian machine learning algorithms using relevance vector machine to support frontline health workers and medical professionals to make better informed decisions between risks and convenience of using online translation tools when delivering mental healthcare services to Spanish‐speaking minority populations living in English‐speaking countries. Major strengths of the machine learning classifier that we developed include scalability, interpretability, and adaptability of the classifier for diverse mental healthcare settings. In this paper, we report on the process of the Bayesian machine learning classifier development through automatic feature optimisation and the interpretation of the classifier‐enabled assessment of the suitability of original English mental health information for automatic online translation. We elaborate on the interpretation of the assessment results in clinical settings using statistical tools such as positive likelihood ratios and negative likelihood ratios.
Modeling of the COVID-19 Cases in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Using ARIMA and MA-ARIMA Models
Authors: Yagoub Rahmatalla , Eledum Hussein
Published: October 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still a great pandemic presently spreading all around the world. In Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, there were 1015269 COVID-19 confirmed cases, 969424 recovery cases, and 9328 deaths as of 30 Nov. 2020. This paper, therefore, subjected the daily reported COVID-19 cases of these three variables to some statistical models including classical ARIMA, kth SMA-ARIMA, kth WMA-ARIMA, and kth EWMA-ARIMA to study the trend and to provide the long-term forecasting of the confirmed, recovery, and death cases of the novel COVID-19 pandemic in the GCC countries. The data analyzed in this study covered the period starting from the first case of coronavirus reported in each GCC country to Jan 31, 2021. To compute the best parameter estimates, each model was fitted for 90% of the available data in each country, which is called the in-sample forecast or training data, and the remaining 10% was used for the out-of-sample forecast or testing data. The AIC was applied to the training data as a criterion method to select the best model. Furthermore, the statistical measure RMSE and MAPE were utilized for testing data, and the model with the minimum RMSE and MAPE was selected for future forecasting. The main finding, in general, is that the two models WMA-ARIMA and EWMA-ARIMA, besides the cubic and 4th degree polynomial regression, have given better results for in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts than the classical ARIMA models in fitting the confirmed and recovery cases while SMA-ARIMA and WMA-ARIMA were suitable to model the recovery and death cases in the GCC countries.
Management and Plan of Undergraduates’ Mental Health Based on Keyword Extraction
Authors: Zhang Weifeng
Published: October 2021

Mental health issues are alarmingly on the rise among undergraduates, which have gradually become the focus of social attention. With the emergence of some abnormal events such as more and more undergraduates’ suspension, and even suicide due to mental health issues, the social attention to undergraduates’ mental health has reached a climax. According to the questionnaire of undergraduates’ mental health issues, this paper uses keyword extraction to analyze the management and plan of undergraduates’ mental health. Based on the classical TextRank algorithm, this paper proposes an improved TextRank algorithm based on upper approximation rough data-deduction. The experimental results show that the accurate rate, recall rate, and F1 of proposed algorithm have been significantly improved, and the experimental results also demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has good performance in running time and physical memory occupation.
A Contactless Liquor Level Detection Method Using Terahertz Time‐Domain Spectroscopy
Authors: Yang Boqin , Deng Hu , Liu Quancheng , Chen LinYu , Xiong Liang , Wu Zhixiang , Qu Weiwei , Shang Liping
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we proposed the terahertz technique to measure the liquid level of Chinese liquor in sealed pots. We analyzed the transmission process of terahertz pulse in the sealed pots and established a model of the relationship between terahertz pulse interval and liquor level. The measurement results are in good agreement with the theoretical model. The results show that the terahertz technique can realize the high precision measurement of liquor level. The absolute and relative errors are less than ±40 μm and 0.014%, respectively. In addition, we also evaluated the influence of dewdrop on the measurement accuracy. The results show that dewdrop only leads to a deviation of 18 μm. The results prove the value of terahertz technology in the field of liquid level monitoring.
Ferroptosis-Associated Classifier and Indicator for Prognostic Prediction in Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Zeng Hao , You Cong , Zhao Leran , Wang Jiangyi , Ye Xiaoying , Yang Tao , Wan Chunlei , Deng Longying
Published: October 2021

Ferroptosis plays a critical role in different types of cancers, but the prognostic impact of ferroptosis in cutaneous melanoma remains lacking. Therefore, ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were firstly obtained from the FerrDb database and the differentially expressed FRGs were identified by the “limma” algorithm. Next, the prognostic differentially expressed FRGs were screened out by univariate Cox regression, which were subsequently used to cluster melanomas into two subtypes (clusters A and B). Besides, the Boruta algorithm and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed to build a 15-FRGs indicator, which can robustly predict patients’ overall survival (OS) and be considered as an independent prognostic factor in melanoma. The melanoma patients were further divided into high- and low-FRGs score groups. The high score group have a good prognosis, with higher T cell immune infiltrating and lower mutation frequencies in NRAS, KRAS, and NF1. Finally, we discovered that many immune processes and several chemotherapy drugs were closely associated with FRGs score. Thus, our study provides a novel ferroptosis-associated classifier and indicator to predict the prognosis of melanoma. Besides, we identified several potential chemotherapy drugs to induce ferroptosis and could supply additional effective treatments.
Research on Green Habitat Design Based on Field Wireless Sensing Hazardous Substance Detection
Authors: Xiong Wei , Hu Liangquan
Published: October 2021

Field wireless sensor network is the current global engineering field research hotspot for structural health monitoring wireless sensor network that is one of the important branches to real‐time monitoring of the safety status of the upper wood engineering structure to avoid the occurrence of many safety accidents caused by major structural and equipment damage and to guide the maintenance of major structures; the establishment of a wireless sensor network system is one of the current research priorities. This paper researches and designs a wireless sensor network system level scheme for structural health monitoring that is divided into two parts based on the hardware platform design and software development based on the system that focuses on the time synchronization protocol and synchronous acquisition method featuring synchronous acquisition start time scheme, time separation method, and flexible optimization model of time information. The method applies to high‐frequency acquisition to guarantee the time of sampling points in structural environmental measurement. The accuracy of the information and the reliability of the field diagnosis, for the detection of harmful substances, as well as leading to the construction of green habitat environment have a qualitative leap, for the design of green habitat environment that has enough progress.