bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasma exosome proteomics reveals the pathogenesis mechanism of post stroke cognitive impairment
Authors: Qi Baoyun , Kong Lingbo , Lai Xinxing , Wang Linshuang , Fei Liu , Wei Dongfeng , Ji Weiwei
Published: August 2022

Background
Recently, the plasma exosome biomarkers of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) have been brought into focus. Exploration and utilization of exosome biomarkers and their related functions provided the possibility for the diagnosis and treatment of PSCI. Aims To identify for new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of plasma exosome using label-free quantitative proteomics and biological information analysis in PSCI patients.
Methods
A series of behavioral assessments were performed, including the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Barthel index, the Morse Fall Seale (MFS) beteen control group (n = 10) and PSCI group (n = 10). The blood samples were collected to analyse the biomarker and differentially expressed proteins of plasma exosome using label-free quantitative proteomics and biological information. The exosomes marker proteins were determined by Western blot. The exosome morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy.
Results
The scores of MMSE and MoCA were significantly decreasd in the PSCI group. The PT% and high-density lipoprotein decreasd and the INR ratio increasd in PSCI group. The mean size of exosome was approximately 71.6 nm and the concentration was approximately 6.8E + 7 particles/mL. Exosome proteomics identificated 259 differentially expressed proteins, including 131 up-regulated proteins and 128 down-regulated proteins. The mechanisms of cognitive impairment are related to up-regulation of degradation of ubiquitinated proteins, calcium dependent protein binding, cytoskeleton reorganization, platelet aggregation and down-regulation of cell adhesive protein binding, formation of fibrin clot, complement activation, lipid metabolism and ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins in plasma exosome of PSCI patients. Plasma levels of YWHAZ and BAIAP2 were significantly increased while that of IGHD, ABCB6 and HSPD1 were significantly decreased in PSCI patients.
Conclusion
These proteins might be target-related proteins and provide global insights into pathogenesis mechanisms of PSCI at plasma exosome proteins level.
Selenium increases photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, nodulation, and development of soybean plants (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Cunha Matheus Luís Oliveira , de Oliveira Lara Caroline Alves , Mendes Nandhara Angélica Carvalho , Silva Vinicius Martins , Reis André Rodrigues
Published: August 2022

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the physiological roles of Se in the photosynthetic pigment profile, oxidative metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, nodulation, and its role in soybean production.
Methods
Two independent experiments were carried out: one conducted in soil and the other in a nutrient solution. When the plants reached the V2 growth stage, five (0, 7.5, 15, 30, and 45 µg kg− 1) and four Se (0, 5, 10, and 15 µmol L− 1) rates from a sodium selenate source were applied to soil and hydroponics-based experiments, respectively.
Results
The concentration of photosynthetic pigments, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase), and the concentration of total sugars in soybean leaves increased in response to Se fertilization. In addition, Se improves nitrogen assimilation efficiency by increasing nitrate reductase activity, resulting in higher ureides, amino acids, and proteins concentration. Se increases the synthesis of daidzein and genistein in the root, resulting in a greater number of nodules and concentration and transport of ureides to the leaves. Se-treated plants showed greater growth and biomass accumulation in roots.
Conclusion
This research is the first report on the influence of Se on nodulation and flavonoid synthesis in leguminous plants. In the scenario of climate change and the increase of abiotic stresses in agriculture, our results contribute to increasing knowledge about the effects of Se on physiology, biochemistry, and biological nitrogen fixation in legume plants.
A cell therapy approach to prevent muscle atrophy and paralysis in an aggressive mouse model of ALS
Authors: Bryson Barney , Kourgiantaki Alexandra , Jiang Dai , Demosthenous Andreas , Greensmith Linda
Published: August 2022

Breakdown of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) is an early pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that blocks neuromuscular transmission, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis and, ultimately, premature death. Currently, there are no available therapies to prevent progressive motor neuron degeneration, muscle denervation or paralysis in ALS. Here, we report important advances in the development of an optogenetic cell therapy for ALS that can restore innervation of targeted skeletal muscles and provide an interface to selectively control their function. Complete survival of intraneural grafts of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) expressing motor neurons, derived from allogeneic embryonic stem cells (ESCs), is enabled by transient immunosuppression using a T-cell-β receptor targeting antibody. Importantly, the engrafted light-sensitive motor neurons robustly reinnervate target muscles in the highly-aggressive SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS, even following engraftment after overt symptom-onset. Moreover, daily optical stimulation training of the engrafted ChR2-motor neurons reinforces de novo NMJs, resulting in a significant enhancement of the force generating capacity of the targeted muscle in response to optical stimulation and prevention of muscle fibre atrophy. These beneficial effects are maintained long term, even until late-stage disease in SOD1G93A mice. Together, these advances pave the way for the development of a combinatorial therapeutic approach to restore function of paralyzed muscles and prevent muscle atrophy that could benefit all ALS patients, irrespective of the pathogenic or genetic trigger.
Aloe polysaccharide promotes osteogenesis potential of adipose-derived stromal cells via BMP-2/Smads and prevents ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis
Authors: Yao Xue-wei , Liu He-dong , Ren Maoxian , Li Tianlin , Jiang Wenkai - , Zhou Zhi , Liu Zhi-yi , Yang Min
Published: August 2022

Background
Aloe polysaccharide (AP) is a type of an active macromolecule of Aloe vera, which contributes to its function. However, whether AP possesses anti-osteoporosis properties is unknown.
Methods
Adipose-derived stromal cells were treated with different concentrations of AP. Early and late osteogenesis were, respectively, evaluated by ALP and Alizarin Red S staining. The effect of AP on the processes of adipogenesis inhibition in ADSCs was analyzed by oil red O staining. Western blot was used to assess the expression of osteogenic and adipogenic related factors. Then, Noggin was administered to further confirm the mechanism by which AP promotes the osteogenesis of ADSCs. Finally, 40 female SD rats were classified into a bilateral laparotomy group (Sham group) and three bilateral ovariectomy groups: OVX group, OVX + AP group, and OVX + AP + Noggin group. The bilateral rat femurs were collected to perform micro-CT scanning, HE, Masson trichrome, and Oil red O staining.
Results
The results indicated that AP could increase ALP expression and calcium deposition. Through molecular mechanisms, AP promotes the protein expression of COL1A1, OPN, and ALP in ADSCs, but downregulates the expression of PPARγ. Also, AP directs ADSCs’ fate by stimulating the BMP2/Smads signaling pathway. In vivo, the rat AP-treated had more trabecular bone than the OVX rat, indicating partial protection from cancellous bone loss after treatment with AP.
Conclusions
Our results show that AP may promote osteogenesis of ADSCs through BMP-2/Smads signaling pathway and inhibits lipogenic differentiation. Thus, AP might be a promising alternative medicine to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis.
The First Polymer Weaire-Phelan Structure: Space-filling polyhedrons of polymer cubic cells created by polymerization induced phase separation
Authors: Naga Naofumi , Jinno Masumi , Wang Yuting , Nakano Tamaki
Published: August 2022

The Weaire–Phelan structure is a three-dimensional structure composed of two different polyhedra having the same volume, i.e., pyritohedron and truncated hexagonal trapezohedron. It was proposed by Weaire and Phelan in 1993 as a solution of the Kelvin problem of filling space with no gaps with cells of minimum surface area and equal volume. It was found in physical systems including liquid foam and a metal alloy while it has never been constructed as organic materials. We report herewith the first polymeric Weaire–Phelan structure constructed through phase-separation of a single polymer species that is synthesized by simple polyaddition between tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) and 1,6-diisocyanatohexane. The structure has the order of micrometers and is amorphous unlike reported crystal structures similar to the Weaire–Phelan structure.
Shaping the spin wave spectra of planar 1D magnonic crystals by the geometrical constrains
Authors: Rychły-Gruszecka Justyna , Walowski Jakob , Denker Christian , Tuband Tobias , Münzenberg Markus , Kłos Jarosław W.
Published: August 2022

We present experimental and numerical studies demonstrating the influence of geometrical parameters on the fundamental spin-wave mode in planar 1D magnonic crystals. The investigated magnonic crystals consist of flat stripes separated by air gaps. The adjustment of geometrical parameters allows tailoring of the spin-wave frequencies. The width of stripes and the width of gaps between them affect spin-wave frequencies in two ways. First, directly by geometrical constraints confining the spin waves inside the stripes. Second, indirectly by spin-wave pinning, freeing the spin waves to a different extent on the edges of stripes. Experimentally, the fundamental spin-wave mode frequencies are measured using an all-optical pump-probe time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr-effect setup. Our studies address the problem of spin-wave confinement and spin-wave dipolar pinning in an array of coupled stripes. We show that the frequency of fundamental mode can be tuned to a large extent by adjusting the width of the stripes and the width of gaps between them.
Performance Evaluation of a Novel Multi-PinHole Collimator on Triple-detector SPECT/CT for dedicated myocardial imaging
Authors: Krizsan Aron Krisztian , Kukuts Kornel , Al-Muhanna Walid , Szoboszlai Zoltan , Balazs Laszlo , Szabo Balazs , Kiss Janos , Nekolla Stephan , Barna Sandor , Bukki Tamas , Forgacs Attila
Published: August 2022

BackgroundIn this study we evaluated the imaging capabilities of a novel Multi-pinhole collimator (MPH-Cardiac) specially designed for nuclear cardiology imaging on a triple head NaI(Tl) detector based SPECT/CT system.Methods99mTc point source measurements covering the field-of-view (FOV) were used to determine tomographic sensitivity (TSpointsource) and spatial resolution. Organ-size tomographic sensitivity (TSorgan) was measured with a left ventricle (LV) phantom filled with typical myocardial activity of a patient scan. Reconstructed image uniformity was measured with a 140 mm diameter uniform cylinder phantom. Using the LV phantom once filled with 99mTc and after with 123I, a polar map analysis was performed determining Spill-Over-Ratio in water (SORwater) and image noise. Results were compared with that of a dual-head parallel-hole low energy high resolution (LEHR) collimator system. A patient with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) was scanned on the LEHR system using local protocol of 16 minutes total acquisition time, followed by a 4-minute MPH-Cardiac scan. ResultsPeak TSpointsource was found to be 1013 cps/MBq in the axial center of the FOV while it was decreasing towards the radial edges. TSorgan in the CFOV was found to be 134 cps/MBq and 700 cps/MBq for the LEHR and MPH-Cardiac respectively. Average spatial resolution throughout the FOV was 4.38 mm FWHM for the MPH-Cardiac collimator. Reconstructed image uniformity values were found to be 0.504 % versus 0.392 % for the LEHR and MPH-Cardiac measurements respectively. SORwater values were found to be 28.83% and 21.1 % for the 99mTc measurements, and 31.44 % and 24.33 % for the 123I measurements for LEHR and MPH-Cardiac respectively. Pixel noise of the 99mTc polar maps resulted in values of 0.38 % and 0.24 % and of the 123I polar maps 0.62 % and 0.21 % for LEHR and MPH-Cardiac respectively. Visually interpreting the patient scan images, MPH-Cardiac resulted in better image contrast compared to the LEHR technique with four times shorter scan duration.ConclusionsThe significant image quality improvement achieved with dedicated MPH-Cardiac collimator on triple head SPECT/CT system paves the way for short acquisition and low-dose cardiovascular SPECT applications.
Calculation of active earth pressure on external corners with equal length on both sides in foundation pit engineering
Authors: Long Zhao , Zeng Hao , Ye Shuaihua , Li Weili
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the external corner with equal lengths on both sides in the foundation pit is studied. Firstly, the failure mode of the external corner with equal lengths on both sides is analyzed, and two different failure models are established according to the different side length of the external corner. Then, according to the horizontal micro-layered limit equilibrium analysis method, the basic differential equation for the theoretical calculation of the active earth pressure with equal length on both sides is established, and the calculation formula of active earth pressure for the external corners with equal length on both sides and without considering cohesion is derived when the rotation angle of the external corner is 90°. Finally, the theoretical calculation results are compared with those of the numerical simulation software. The displacement cloud map obtained by the numerical simulation is basically consistent with the calculation model used in this paper, and the magnitude and distribution law of active earth pressure calculated in this paper are basically consistent with the three-dimensional simulation values of Midas/GTS software, which proves the feasibility and rationality of theoretical calculation.
Identification of the Lipid Antigens Recognized by rHIgM22, a Remyelination-promoting Antibody
Authors: Grassi Sara , Cabitta Livia , Prioni Simona , Mauri Laura , Ciampa Maria Grazia , Yokoyama Noriko , Iwabuchi Kazuhisa , Zorina Yana , Prinetti Alessandro
Published: August 2022

Failure of the immune system to discriminate myelin components from foreign antigens plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. In fact, the appearance of anti-myelin autoantibodies, targeting both proteins and glycolipids, is often responsible for functional alterations in myelin-producing cells in this disease. Nevertheless, some of these antibodies were reported to be beneficial for remyelination. Recombinant human IgM22 (rHIgM22) binds to myelin and to the surface of O4-positive oligodendrocytes, and promotes remyelination in mouse models of chronic demyelination. Interestingly, the identity of the antigen recognized by this antibody remains to be elucidated. The preferential binding of rHIgM22 to sulfatide-positive cells or tissues suggests that sulfatide might be part of the antigen pattern recognized by the antibody, however, cell populations lacking sulfatide expression are also responsive to rHIgM22. Thus, we assessed the binding of rHIgM22 in vitro to purified lipids and lipid extracts from various sources to identify the antigen(s) recognized by this antibody. Our results show that rHIgM22 is indeed able to bind both sulfatide and its deacylated form, whereas no significant binding for other myelin sphingolipids has been detected. Remarkably, binding of rHIgM22 to sulfatide in lipid monolayers can be positively or negatively regulated by the presence of other lipids. Moreover, rHIgM22 also binds to phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid, suggesting that not only sulfatide, but also other membrane lipids might play a role in the binding of rHIgM22 to oligodendrocytes and to other cell types not expressing sulfatide.
Eye of the Carpenter: How Well do Orthopaedic Surgery Residents and Faculty Estimate Angular Measurements in Derotational Osteotomies?
Authors: chaclas nathan , Wheatley Benjamin , Grandizio L , Seeley Mark
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
Femoral derotational osteotomies are used by Orthopaedic surgeons to decrease anteversion in a variety of pathologies. Intraoperatively, the goal of the surgery is to decrease the rotation of the femur to within physiologic range. Surgeons generally visually estimate the angle of correction based off bone markers at the rotating cylindrical portion of the femur. This study sought to assess the inter-subject reliability between subjects and modalities with respect to alpha angle creation.
METHODS
A rotational femur model was constructed and tested amongst undergraduates, medical students, surgical residents and attendings. Subjects were asked to create angles of 15, 30, 45, and 60 degrees using only Kirschner wires and then only bone marks for reference. Two-tailed independent t-tests were performed to determine variability between cohorts, and effect size was calculated for significant results.
RESULTS
The participants were split into two cohorts: undergraduates and medical students in the ‘non-surgeon’ cohort, and surgical residents and attendings in the ‘surgeon’ cohort. The overall average angle creation error of the surgeon cohort was significantly lower than the non-surgeon cohort. The average angle creation range across all modalities and angles created was significantly lower in the surgeon cohort when compared to the non-surgeon cohort. The non-surgeon cohort was significantly more accurate with the wire modality as compared to the mark modality. The surgeon cohort had no significant difference in inter-modality average error.
CONCLUSIONS
The considerable inter-subject range within the surgeon cohort highlights a need for reinforcement of basic geometric principles within orthopaedic instruction. This model allows for immediate accurate feedback on angle creation. The physiologic range allows for a degree of variability between surgical outcomes without consequence. However, the more than twenty-degree range determined by this study does not fall within those bounds and should be addressed. Moving forward, rotational estimation as a surgical skill should increase in prominence within orthopaedic instruction, and additional emphasis should be placed on fundamental spatial orientation during training.
Bioprospecting native endophytic and epiphytic diazotrophs of Oryza sativa (L) for plant growth promotion and biocontrol
Authors: Quadriya Humera , Rajendran Gobinath , Mir Mohammed Imran , M Manasa , Mangrauthia Satendra Kumar , Kuchi Surekha , Bee Hameeda
Published: August 2022

Global food security and sustainable agriculture are two major concerns for escalating human population and the rise in food demands piles up the usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. This drastically affects microbial diversity, deteriorates soil fertility, and causes ecological imbalance. A significant and substantial amount of functional N fixing bacterial community inside and in close vicinity of roots supply N efficiently in irrigated ecosystems and their diversity can be altered by organic and inorganic inputs in wetland rice cultivation system. The study explored the existence of culturable diazotrophs bacterial diversity in rice-grown soils those were non fertilized and differently fertilized at Rajendranagar farm fields of ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research (IIRR), Hyderabad, India. The bacterial isolates were identified by 16SrRNA, and the isolated species of bacterial genera Microbacterium, Mesobacillus and Brevundimonas were not reported earlier in the rice cultivation system. Each of these bacterial isolates is capable of synthesising indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ammonia and aminocyclopropane-1carboxylate deaminases, 90 percent of the bacterial isolates can produce amylase, 80 per cent have antifungal activity, 70% were diazotrophs and varied percentages of bacterial isolates reported other essential PGP traits. Significant improvement in seedling growth with the application of bacterial isolates was observed. Five of the ten bacterial isolates improved root length, shoot length, total biomass, and seed vigour index by 11–63%, 18–38%, 4–68%, and 20–56% respectively, compared with the control (sterile water) in sterile 0.7% water agar.
Convolutional Vision Transformer for Handwritten Digit Recognition
Authors: Agrawal Vanita , Jagtap Jayant
Published: August 2022

Handwritten digit recognition is an essential step in understanding handwritten documents. The state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNN) methods are mostly preferred for recognizing handwritten digits. Though the recognition accuracy is high, CNN filter weights don’t change even after training. Hence the process cannot adjust dynamically to changes in input. Recently the interest of researchers of computer vision has been on Vision Transformers (ViTs) and Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs). The use of transformer architecture enabled substantial parallelization and translation quality improvement. The inadequacies of CNNs sparked a hybrid model revolution, which combines the best of both disciplines. This paper is written to view the impact of the hybrid model on handwritten digit recognition. The testing is done on the available benchmark datasets, the Extended Modified National institute of standards and technology (EMNIST) digits dataset, and the most significant historical handwritten digit dataset (DIDA). The 10-fold cross-validation accuracy achieved on EMNIST and DIDA is 99.89% and 99.73%, respectively. The results show that the proposed method achieves the highest accuracy compared to existing methodologies. The proposed method is robust, feasible, and effective on clean and uncleaned images.
Clinical presentation, viral kinetics and management of human monkeypox cases from New Delhi, India 2022
Authors: Rehlan Vineet , Sahay Rima R. , Shete Anita M. , Yadav Pragya D. , Sahoo BL , Patil Deepak Y. , Kumar Suresh , PS Kannan Sabarinath , Dar Lalit , Mohandas Sreelekshmy , Abraham Priya
Published: August 2022

We describe the clinico-demographical, virological follow-up and management of five confirmed Monkeypox cases from New Delhi, India without any international travel history. The viral load kinetics and viral clearance was estimated in oropharyngeal swab (OPS), nasopharyngeal swab (NPS), EDTA blood, serum, urine and various lesion specimens at every fourth day of follow-up ranging from 5-24 post onset day (POD) of illness. All the five cases presented with mild to moderate grade intermittent fever, myalgia and lesions on the genitals, groins, lower limb, trunk and upper limb. Four cases had non-tender firm lymphadenopathy. No secondary complications or sexually transmitted infections were recorded in these cases except for HBV in one case. All the cases were mild and had good recovery. The high viral load was detected at POD 14 in lesion fluid, followed by lesion roof at POD 5, lesion base at POD 14 while urine, OPS and NPS at POD 5. The MPXV DNA was detected from 5 to 24 POD. These Monkeypox cases suggests the under diagnosed monkeypox infection in the community. This emphasizes the need for active surveillance of MPXV in high-risk population such as Men having sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW).
Analysis of the experiences of patients in the rehabilitation period related to the COVID-19 disease and assessment of the impact of this disease on the disability in convalescents
Authors: Migała Mariusz , Płonka-Syroka Bożena , Rasławska Krystyna , Skolik Beata , Spielvogel Izabela , Piechota Katarzyna , Hołodnik Daria
Published: August 2022

Objectives: The aim of the article is to present the experiences of patients who were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in 2020 and 2021-2022, and then underwent in-patient rehabilitation at the Specialist Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration in Głuchołazy.Material and methods: The study included three groups of patients staying in 2020-2021 and 2022 on post-covid rehabilitation. People from group I contracted COVID-19 in 2020. People from group II fell ill in 2021. In groups I (127 people) and II (68), respectively, the research was conducted in the form of questionnaires. The results obtained from the questionnaires were enriched with the opinions of the third group of patients, collected at the end of 2021 by means of an unstructured interview using the method of free conversation.Results: The results are compatible with the state of research in which similar issues were addressed. There was no conflict between trusting the doctor and having to reject his recommendations (or even diagnosis). The methods of clinical rehabilitation offered to patients after COVID-19 were based on scientific grounds. An individual rehabilitation program implemented in the hospital environment corresponded to the characteristics of such therapy.Conclusions: The subjects experienced COVID-19 as a somatic and private experience. The incidence of COVID-19 was not associated with the possibility of losing a job. Social rights have been recognized as natural security for living conditions in the event of an illness. The respondents found the views disseminated by doctors in the media to be useful and credible. The general standard of reporting the epidemic by official state institutions was negatively assessed. All respondents positively assessed the rehabilitation program offered to them. The results may constitute the basis for a change in the way information on epidemic threats is presented by the official state media.
Global asymptotical synchronization of fractional-order octonion-valued neural networks with impulsive effects
Authors: Gao Jin , Dai Lihua
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a class of fractional-order octonion-valued recurrent neural networks (FOOVRNNs) with impulsive effects and delays is discussed. Firstly, considering the multiplication of octonion numbers does not satisfy the commutativity and associativity, we separate the octonion-valued system into four complex-valued systems. Secondly, we obtain the global asymptotical synchronization of FOOVRNNs by applying the appropriate Lyapunov function. Finally, we give two illustrative examples to illustrate the feasibility of proposed method.
Deep learning-based framework for vegetation hazard monitoring near powerlines
Authors: Sey Nana Ekow Nkwa , Amo-Boateng Mark , Domfeh Martin Kyereh , Kabo-Bah Amos T. , Antwi-Agyei Prince
Published: August 2022

The increasing popularity in the use of drones has also led to their adoption by electric utility companies to monitor intrusive vegetation near powerlines due to their ability to provide reliable and cost-effective inspections, minimising downtime and improving the efficiency of the monitoring operations of such companies. Besides the lines themselves, the monitoring also involves surrounding objects, most specifically vegetation. Despite the importance of trees and shrubs in maintaining a healthy environment, the growth of vegetation around power transmission lines poses a threat to the public and utility infrastructure itself. The study proposes a deep learning-based detection framework compatible with UAVs for monitoring vegetation encroachment near powerlines which estimates vegetation health and detects powerlines. The framework leverages on computing capability of NVIDIA Jetson Nano to integrate the Pix2Pix model for estimation of vegetation indices and YoLov5 for detection of powerlines from RGB images captured from drones. YoLov5 obtained good performance for detecting powerlines in aerial images with precision, recall, mAP @0.5, and mAP@0.5:0.95 values are 0.821, 0.762, 0.798 and 0.563 respectively. The Pix2Pix model generated satisfactory synthetic image translations from RGB to LUT. The proposed vegetation detection framework was able to detect locations of powerlines and generate NDVI estimates represented as LUT maps directly from RGB images captured from aerial images which could serve as a preliminary and affordable alternative to relatively expensive multispectral sensors which are not readily available in developing countries for monitoring and managing the presence and health of trees and dense vegetation within powerline corridors.
Early Child Adversity and Delinquent Behavior in Foster Care Youth: Do Future Expectations and Sexual Identity Moderate the Mediating Role of Posttraumatic Stress?
Authors: Remillard Alex , Barboza-Salerno Gia
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Delinquent adolescent behavior is a significant public health concern for youth who experience early life adversity and complex trauma. The present study explored the longitudinal association between adverse child experiences and future engagement in delinquent behavior.Methods: Using a sample of 1,245 foster youth who are aging out of the child welfare system, mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation analysis was used to test the mechanistic role of post-traumatic stress symptoms and the moderating role of sexual identity and positive future expectations on engagement in delinquent behavior. Results: Results showed a positive and significant association between adverse child experiences and engagement in delinquent behavior. Post-traumatic stress symptoms partially mediated the ACEs-delinquency relationship. In addition, sexual minority youth and youth who were less optimistic about the future who experienced more ACEs had heightened levels of post-traumatic stress. Conclusions: Interventions that promote positive future outlooks may minimize the psychological sequelae of early child adversity and delinquent behavior particularly when tailored to the needs of sexual minority youth.
Unification Conditions of Civilization Patterns: Multi-Agent Modeling of Human History
Authors: Lu Peng , Zhang Zhuo , Liu Can , Li Mengdi
Published: August 2022

The series of unified empires or dynasties in the history of China (221 BC-1912 AD) have shaped the unification pattern of Chinese culture. Therefore, the eastern civilization (China) can be deemed as a unified culture. In the geographical scope of China in East Asia, there is a stable and continuous history process of one-by-one unified dynasties (empires). Between two old and new unified dynasties in the history of China, there are always chaotic (transitional) periods when several local regimes competed for the absolute power of China (the Mandate of Heaven). In these transitional periods, wars and annexations are always inevitable. Then, only one local regime will succeed in gaining that power, forming a new unified dynasty (empire). The cultural pattern is obviously different in the western world, and there are no stable unification patterns. In Europe, there were also chaotic periods, with wars and annexations. However, there is no stable pattern of unification, which means that no local regimes (countries) have unified mainland Europe. Hence, whether this process can be modeled and revealed? We believe that computational methods can reveal some laws and rules of historical dynamics. For this work, we need to solve the conditions of both the Unity and Disunity. To achieve this goal: first, we build an agent-based model of general history dynamics for the chaotic periods; second, we run the simulations to explore outcomes of the unity and disunity; last, we obtain valid solutions for both the unity of China and the disunity of the West world. It suggests that our valid solutions explain the disunity between China and Europe patterns. Moreover, we can calculate the conditional boundaries of both Unity (China) and Disunity (Europe). Thus, the unification process in human history may be universal, but the outcomes or patterns may be different under different conditions.
Abkhazian Scientific Society in the 1920-S: the History of Formation and Activities
Authors: Ермоленко Л.П. , Зозуля И.В. , Колесникова М.Е.
Published: August 2022

В статье рассмотрена история создания Абхазского научного общества (АбНО), ставшего научным центром по организации всестороннего изучения Абхазии. Проанализирована интеллектуальная деятельность общества, занимавшегося теоретической разработкой научных вопросов по археологии, истории и языкознанию, распространением научных знаний среди населения. Авторы делают вывод о том, что Абхазское научное общество заложило основы абхазоведения и способствовало становлению первых научных учреждений Абхазии.

The paper examines the history of formation of Abkhaz Scientific Society (AbSS), which has become an academic center organizing comprehensive research into Abkhazia. The authors analyze the activities of the Society including the development of theoretical approaches to archaeology, history and linguistics as well as proliferation of scientific knowledge among population. The conclusion is made that Abkhaz Scientific Society lay down the foundations of Abkhazian studies and promoted the formation of the first scientific institutions in Abkhazia.
Discourse "Sovietskost" in the Intellectual Space of the USSR: on the Materials of Archive of RAS and Russian State Archive of Social and Political History
Authors: Булыгина Т.А.
Published: August 2022

Работа посвящена состоянию советской гуманитаристики в послевоенном интеллектуальном пространстве Советского Союза. На материалах архивных источников показана эволюция стиля научных дискуссий историков, философов и социологов в 1940–1960-е гг. Как показал анализ документов, менялся сам дискурс «советскости» от безусловного идеологического диктата к более выраженному научному содержанию. Это проявлялось не только в стиле, но и в изменении проблем обсуждения, о чем свидетельствовал рост интереса ученых-историков к методологии истории. Обозначилось научное, а не идеологическое содружество историков и философов. Вместе с тем, советская идеологизированность гуманитарного знания из веры в ее обязательность превращалась в форму социального поведения. Такая тенденция особенно очевидна в делопроизводственных документах научных учреждений.

The work is devoted to the Soviet humanities in the post-war intellectual life. Based on materials from archival sources, the evolution of the style of scientific discussions of historians, philosophers and sociologists in the 1940s - 1960s is shown. As the analysis of the documents has revealed, the very discourse of “Sovietness” was changing from an complete ideological dictate to a more ourspoken scientific content. This was manifested not only in style, but also in changing the problems of discussion, as evidenced by the growing interest of historians in the methodology of history. A scientific, not an ideological community of historians and philosophers, has emerged. At the same time, the Soviet ideologization of humanitarian knowledge was transformed from belief in its obligation into a form of social behavior. This trend is especially evident in the clerical documents of scientific institutions.
Nikolay Kareev "the Elder of Russian Historians" or at the Origins of the Bulgarian Modern History Studies
Authors: Михнева Р.А. , Кирсанова Е.С.
Published: August 2022

На примере деятельности российских историков преподавателей новой и новейшей истории Софийского университета в конце XIX – первой половине XX в. авторы прослеживают зарождение и особенности болгарской новистики. Связующим звеном в поисках уточнения пространственно-временных характеристик русской историче-ской школы стала личность Николая Кареева. В фокусе внимания авторов – круг его учеников, соратников, друзей, а также болгарские коллеги и общественные деятели.

Using the example of the activities of Russian historians, university lecturers on “New and Contemporary History” at Sofia University in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the authors trace the origins and features of Bulgarian novistics. The connecting link in the search for clarification of the spatio-temporal characteristics of the Russian historical school is the personality of Nikolai Kareev, his students, associates, friends, Bulgarian colleagues and public figures.
Israeli Historians of the Second Decade of the 21st Century
Authors: Ружанский В.Г.
Published: August 2022

Статья посвящена анализу основных тенденций в израильской историографии первых двух десятилетий XXI века. Этот период уникален прежде всего тем, что именно в это время израильские историки выходят далеко за рамки исследований, связанных сугубо с еврейской историей и Израилем. И именно в это время исследования израильских историков, посвященные изучению глобальных проблем и процессов современности, получают всемирное признание. Речь здесь идёт прежде всего о работах Ю.Н. Харари и А. Конфино. Особое место в предлагаемой статье посвящено анализу связи между основными тенденциями в развитии израильских государства и общества с процессами, имевшими место в исторической науке этой страны.

In the 21st century, Israel provided the world with several historians at once, who have significantly influenced modern historical research. This article analyzes the processes of development of the State of Israel and Israeli historical science, due to which this phenomenon appeared. The article examines the genesis of the worldview of modern Israeli scientists of the world level: Yu.N. Harari, Boaz Neumann and Alon Confino and the influence that each of them had on modern historical science. In particular, Yu.N. Harari tried to give answers to global problems of our time, and B. Neumann and A. Konfino abandoned taboos and sacralization when studying the topic of the Holocaust and the Third Reich. Their approaches have undoubtedly had a significant impact on the research of Western historians.
Reflections on the Features of Mediality During the First World War: According to the Monograph by A.S. Medyakov “War of the 9X14 Format. Postcards in the German "Culture of War" 1914-1918"
Authors: Ростиславлева Н.В.
Published: August 2022

На основе анализа монографии А.С. Медякова рассматриваются особенности бытования и функции немецкой открытки в годы Первой мировой войны. Пристальное внимание уделено освещению комплексного характера открытки, отражавшей индивидуальное и общественное, частное и публичное, связь между фронтом и тылом. Немецкая открытка военной поры предлагала объяснительные модели характера войны, создавала образы немецкой нации, ее союзников и противников в вооруженном конфликте.

The monograph by A.S. Medyakov examines the features of existence and functions of the German postcard during the First World War. The Author pays a close attention to the coverage of the complex nature of a postcard, which reflected the individual and the common, the private and the public, the connection between the front and the rear. Analysis of the German wartime postcards offered explanatory models of the nature of the war, created images of the German nation, its allies and enemies in the armed conflict.
Laboratory Study of High-Resistance Laterite-Based Geopolymer Bricks
Authors:   University of Bonab, Bonab, East Azerbaijan, Iran, Mollaei S.
Published: August 2022

A high amount of energy is required to produce different types of clay and sand-lime bricks, and a huge amount of carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. Also, brick waste from the destruction of dilapidated buildings pollutes the environment. The application of pozzolanic sources containing aluminosilicate and alkaline activators can be beneficial in the production of Geopolymer bricks, which do not need to be baked in a furnace and can be recycled for industrial and port facilities. A laterite-based Geopolymer brick mix design was introduced in this study as an environmental-friendly material. This type of brick is produced using available and cheap raw materials without the need for high furnace heat. The raw materials included laterite soil as aluminosilicate, laterite aggregate filler passed through sieve no. 8, and an alkaline activating solution with different concentrations. The effect of sieve size for laterite soil screening on the compressive strength of these brick samples was investigated. The results showed that the compressive strength of the prepared bricks here was much higher than the recommended standards for construction bricks and was similar to those of high- resistance bricks. The size of laterite soil sieves had a significant effect on the compressive strength of Geopolymer brick samples. The percentage of water absorption of the bricks with different concentrations of alkali activating solution was also within the recommended range for construction bricks
Calculation of Tabarru Funds Using Makeham's Mortalita Law and Gompertz's Mortalita Law Using the Cost Of Insurance Method
Authors: Muzaki Tauki Rohman , Siswanah Emy , Miasary Seftina Diyah
Published: August 2022

Tabarru funds have the meaning of a collection of funds given by insurance participants as a virtue fund with sincere intentions for the purpose of helping one participant with another if one of them gets a disaster. The tabarru fund management mechanism in Indonesia uses two types of operational systems, namely the product saving system (savings) and the non-saving product system. Management with a saving product system uses a savings mechanism with 5% for management funds. Meanwhile, in the non-saving product system with a no-savings mechanism, the amount and its management are not yet known, which will cause confusion for the community in the calculation. The cost of insurance method is one method that can be used to calculate tabarru funds. This method calculates tabarru funds by multiplying the percentage of tabarru funds by the cost of coverage. The percentage of tabarru funds is searched through the mortality table, management fee, and investment level. From the management fee of 25% and the investment rate of 5%, the percentage of tabarru funds using Makeham's mortality law is  for men and for men. Meanwhile, Gompertz's law of mortality obtained  for men and for women . ©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Örtü Altı Domates Üretiminde Enerji Kullanımı ve Sera Gazı Emisyonunun Girdi Optimizasyonu Yaklaşımı ile Azaltılması: Antalya İli Örneği
Authors: ŞAHİN Kadir , KÜLEKÇİ Murat
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmada Antalya ilinde örtü altı domates üretiminde enerji kullanımı ve sera gazı (GHG) emisyonunun belirlenmesi, kullanılacak girdilerin optimize edilmesiyle enerji tüketimi ve GHG emisyonunda azalma sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada enerji girdi ve çıktı miktarlarıyla GHG emisyon miktarları, örtü altı domates yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılan girdi miktarlarının enerji eşdeğerlik katsayıları ve GHG emisyon katsayılarıyla çarpımı sonucu bulunmuştur. Girdilerin enerji eşdeğer miktarları ve GHG emisyon eşdeğer miktarları veri zarflama analizi yardımıyla analiz edilerek optimum kullanım miktarları ve işletmelerin üretim etkinlikleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda sağlanan verilere göre Antalya ilinde örtü altı domates yetiştiren işletmelerde Toplam teknik etkinlik 0.833, saf teknik etkinlik 0.975 ve ölçek etkinliği 0.853 olarak belirlenmiştir. İşletmelerin mevcut enerji girdisi 7 583.8MJ olarak hesaplanmıştır. İşletmelerde etkinliğin sağlanması ile diğer bir deyişle optimum girdi kullanımı ile enerji girdisinde %9.50 GHG emisyonunda ise %7.81 oranında azalma gerçekleştirilebileceği belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuca göre işletmelerde teknik etkinliğin sağlanması ile aynı çıktı miktarının; %56.66 daha az kimyasal gübre, %15.08 daha az yakıt, %10.34 daha az elektrik, %8.45 daha az çiftlik gübresi, %3.96 daha az kimyasal ilaç, % 2.72 daha az makine, % 2.63 daha az iş gücü ve %0.15 daha az sulama suyu enerjisi kullanılarak elde edilebileceği ve GHG emisyonunda %7.81 azalma gerçekleşebileceği belirlenmiştir. Girdi kullanımı konusunda çiftçi eğitimi başta olmak üzere, iş gücü verimliliğini artırıcı tedbirler, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımının özendirilmesi ve sürdürülebilir tarım için girdi kaynaklarının verimli kullanımı vb. önerilerde bulunulmaktadır.
Süleymanpaşa İlçesi (Tekirdağ) Badem Ağaçlarında Bulunan Akar Türleri
Authors: UÇAN Neslihan Merve , KILIÇ Nihal
Published: August 2022

Bu araştırma Süleymanpaşa ilçesi (Tekirdağ) badem ağaçlarında görülen Acarina’ya bağlı zararlı ve predatör akar türlerini saptamak amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Örnekler 2015-2016 yıllarında ve Mayıs-Ekim ayları arasında toplanmıştır. Çalışmada örneklerin %59.66 oranında akarla bulaşık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma sonunda Acarina’dan 4 familyaya ait 9 tür tespit edilmiştir. Phytoseiidae familyasına ait toplam 4 tür (Typhlodromus athiasae Porath and Swisrki, Kampimodromus aberrans Oudemans, Phytoseius finitimus Ribaga ve Euseius finlandicus Oudemans), Tydeidae familyasına ait 1 tür (Tydeus californicus Banks) tespit edilmiştir. Fitofag akar türlerinden Tetranychidae familyasına bağlı 4 tür bulunmuş olup bunlar; Amphitetranychus viennensis (Zacher, Panonychus ulmi Koch, Tetranychus urticae Koch ve Bryobia rubrioculus (Scheuten) türleridir. Çalışmada 405 birey ile en yaygın zararlı akar türü olarak Tetranychus urticae bulunurken, Panonychus ulmi ’nin sadece 16 bireyine rastlanmıştır. Kampimodromus aberrans (204 birey) ve Euseius finlandicus (181 birey) predatör akarlar arasında en baskın türler olarak belirlenmiştir.
Deprem Etkileri Altındaki Farklı Tiplerde Çelik Yapıların StaSTEEL ve SAP2000 Kullanılarak Karşılaştırılması
Authors: NAİMİ Sepanta , PEKER Önder
Published: August 2022

Çalışma kapsamında uygulamada sıkça kullanılan StaSTEEL ile referans olarak SAP2000 paket programları kullanılarak, simetrik ve L formunda asimetrik kat şekline sahip üç katlı, on katlı ve on beş katlı çelik yapılar ile bu yapılardan farklı tek katlı bir sanayi yapısı modeli, iki paket program ile çözümlenmiştir. Literatürde, StaSTEEL ile yapılmış çalışma bu araştırma yapıldığı sırada hiç bulunmamaktadır. Çalışma içerisinde incelenen bina tipi toplam 7 adettir. Analiz sonucu elde edilen kat ağırlıkları, doğal titreşim periyotları ve elemanlar üzerinde oluşan eksenel, kesme ve moment gerilmeleri bakımından paket programların sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Ayrıca programların ara yüzleri incelenerek kullanıcı için veri girişi, sonuçların irdelenmesi ve çıktılar konusunda ihtiyacın nasıl ve ne kadar karşılandığı araştırılmıştır. Yapı çözümlemeleri için 2019 yılında yürürlüğe giren Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen kurallar kullanılmıştır. İki paket programın çözümleme sonuçlarının birbirine benzer olduğu gözlenmiştir. Simetrik ya da asimetrik, az katlı veya çok katlı fark etmeksizin oluşan iç kuvvetlerde N, V ve M için en büyük farklar sırasıyla %3, %3,5 ve %2,7 mertebelerindedir. Bununla birlikte StaSTEEL programının gerek veri girişi gerekse sonuçların irdelenmesi konusunda daha kolay olduğu gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca hazırlanan hesap raporlarının daha detaylı ve görselliği yüksek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.