bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advantages of bridging to durable left ventricular assist device with the Impella 5.0
Authors: Patel Manish
Published: January 2024

The mainstay therapy for patients in critical cardiogenic shock (CS) is temporary mechanical circulatory support. Although there is a trend toward use of durable left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) in patients that are less ill, we present our experience with using the Impella 5.0 (Abiomed) to illustrate the potential benefits of supporting patients with critical CS before durable LVAD implantation. Since 2012, our use of the Impella has increased from 5 to 38 per year. Mortality is highest early after LVAD implantation, but our long-term survival is better than data reported to the INTERMACS registry. Use of an Impella 5.0 device as a bridge-to-durable LVAD in patients with critical CS may offer long-term survival benefit.
Decreased INR on LVAD Support: To Bridge or Not to Bridge?
Authors: Guglin Maya
Published: January 2024

In volume 6, issue 2 of The VAD Journal, we published a paper by Rainess et al. who reported their experience with managing subtherapeutic INRs, mostly in patients with HeartMate II (Thoratec, Pleasanton, CA). Although, the cohort did include some HeartMate 3-supported patients. In their program (Wake Forest University), pharmacists manage anticoagulation according to the institutional protocol, which allows bridging with low molecular weight heparin when INR decreases to less than 1.8. The study is unique because the patients did NOT require interruption of anticoagulation for any purpose. In all instances, the INR decreased because of dietary variations, recent dose changes, skipped doses, medication interactions, etc. Almost half of their patients had a history of hemolysis or pump thrombosis. After analyzing 155 bridging episodes, the authors reported systemic bleeding events in 9% of the patients and localized bleeding in 10%. Importantly, no event resulted in hospitalization or blood transfusion; this rate seems to be excessive considering a relatively minor deviation of INR from the therapeutic range, and it raises a question about an appropriate threshold for bridging initiation. Studies such as Rainess et al. fill an important knowledge gap. From our standpoint, a 20% risk in bleeding, which includes a 9% risk of systemic bleeding, is a too high price to pay for such a minor decrease in INR. Perhaps tolerating a subtherapeutic INR for a few days would be a safer approach. A specific cutoff of the INR value triggering bridging should be a subject of a randomized study, but setting the bar at 1.8 may represent an excessively aggressive strategy.
Summary of 2019 Brano Heart Failure Forum Presentations
Authors: Radovancevic Rajko , Vrtovec Bojan , Gregoric Igor
Published: January 2024

The Branislav “Brano” Radovancevic Heart Failure Forum (BHFF) was established in 2008. Each year, experts in the field of heart failure gather to learn, discuss and debate the recent advances and theories related to diagnostics and therapeutics. The 12th Annual BHFF was held September 18-21, 2019, in Belgrade, Serbia, and was attended by over 350 participants from 15 countries. Over four days, seventeen separate sessions focused on challenges and solutions related to mechanical circulatory support and heart transplantation. For the first time, a summary of selected presentations was organized and presented herein.
Thyroidectomy in Mechanical Circulatory Support - A Salvage Treatment for Thyrotoxicosis-Induced Cardiogenic Shock: Case Series
Authors: Bou Chaaya Rody , Saint Lauren , Ilonze2 Onyedika
Published: January 2024

Amiodarone is frequently used to treat arrhythmias in patients supported with left ventricular assist devices. Long term amiodarone use can cause hyperthyroidism ultimately leading to cardiomyopathy and sometimes thyrotoxicosis-induced cardiogenic shock (CS). We describe two cases of thyrotoxicosis-induced CS rescued by successful thyroidectomy under mechanical circulatory support (MCS) – one with a Heartmate III (Abbott Laboratories) and another supported with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO). In refractory CS, the initiation of V-A ECMO as a bridge to recovery is critical. In thyrotoxicosis-induced CS that is refractory to medical therapy requiring MCS, thyroidectomy is feasible, and a growing body of evidence suggests that it is safe.
What did we learn about VADs in 2020?
Authors: Guglin Maya
Published: January 2024

This is our 7th annual literature review on mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. Our previous reports were well received by the readers. The full text of the reviews for 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019 are available online. In this review, we summarized the most interesting and important, from our standpoint, publications covering MCS from 2020. There may be some slight overlap with the end of 2019 because some papers were published online first, and the year of the publication changed when they became available in print. For the fourth time this year, we added a section on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), which primarily addresses new developments in veno-arterial ECMO. Readers who wish to supplement this review, argue with the author’s statements, or express their opinions are encouraged to do so by sending letters to the editor at mguglin@iu.edu.
Left Ventricular Assist Device Thrombosis Treated with Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator in a Patient with COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Jarrett Simone , Alzubi Jafar , Babapoor-Farrokhran Savalan , Ammari Zaid , Sarle Mohammad , Port Zachary , Hasni Farhan , Bozorgnia Behnam , Bonita Raphael
Published: January 2024

Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is an established treatment for patients with end-stage, systolic heart failure as a bridge to heart transplantation or destination therapy. LVAD pump thrombosis is a life-threatening complication than can be triggered by prothrombotic conditions such as infection. Management of pump thrombosis presents as both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge that is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. We report a case of pump thrombosis in a patient with a HeartMate II (Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, IL) and coronavirus (COVID-19) infection that was treated successfully with an intravenous thrombolytic, tissue plasminogen activator.
Should COVID Vaccination Be Required in Heart Transplantation & Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation?
Authors: Ahmed Mustafa , Ananthram Manjula , Joseph Susan
Published: January 2024

This letter to the editor does not have an abstract.
Off-pump HeartMate II Exchange in a Patient with Severe Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Akay Mehmet , Armas Ismael , Patel Manish , Radovancevic Rajko , Gregoric Igor
Published: January 2024

Thrombosis of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) pumps is a serious complication that often requires exchange of the device. A 66-year-old man with severe peripheral vascular disease presented with pump thrombosis of the HeartMate II (HMII) LVAD 1.5 years after implantation. The HMII was exchanged to another HMII through a subcostal incision and without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. For safety, the patient was prepared for cardiopulmonary bypass by exposing the right subclavian artery and insertion of a 5 FR cannula in the left common femoral vein. The pump was exchanged through a subcostal incision made over the LVAD pump pocket perpendicular to the costal margin. After deairing the pump and graft, LVAD support was resumed, postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged from the hospital four days later. Re-thrombosis, stroke, and right heart failure are frequent complications after LVAD exchange. Exchange through a subcostal incision with cardiopulmonary bypass backup appears to be safe.
Cardiac tamponade on ECPELLA: a case report of a unique hemodynamic picture
Authors: Akhtar Naveed , Savsani Parth , Guglin Maya , Rao Roopa
Published: January 2024

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is rapidly becoming a preferred therapy for short-term hemodynamic support in cardiogenic shock, along with the use of devices such as Impella (Abiomed, Andover, MA). The two together can create unique hemodynamics resulting in altered presentation of common hemodynamic conditions such as tamponade. We present a case of a patient with fulminant myocarditis requiring veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and Impella support. The patient later developed a pericardial effusion with atypical tamponade physiology which masked the left ventricular systolic function recovery. We further highlight the complex hemodynamics of cardiac tamponade in patients with such mechanical circulatory support and its implications on echocardiography.
Highlights of the 2021 Brano Heart Failure Forum
Authors: Radovancevic Rajko , Vrtovec Bojan , Gregoric Igor
Published: January 2024

Since 2007, the Branislav “Brano” Radovancevic Heart Failure Forum has been held annually to provide a venue for experts to present and discuss “Innovations and New Treatment Strategies in Heart Failure.” Clinicians and researchers gather yearly in a different Eastern European city to discuss the latest in heart failure diagnostics and therapeutics. The forum was postponed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and then resumed in September of 2021 in Graz, Austria. It was attended by over 75 faculty from 13 countries. Due to the ongoing pandemic, 13 presentations were given virtually. Throughout the forum, 17 separate sessions focused on challenges and solutions related to mechanical circulatory support and heart transplantation. In this special issue of The VAD Journal, a summary of conference highlights from available presentations is presented.
Left Atrial Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (LAVA-ECMO): Percutaneous Bi-Atrial Drainage to Avoid Pulmonary Edema in a Patient with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Dulnuan Kenneth , Zwischenberger Joseph , Gurley John , Guglin Maya
Published: January 2024

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) is used in patients with severe cardiogenic shock refractory to medical therapy. During V-A ECMO, retrograde flow in the aorta towards the left ventricle (LV) causes increased left-sided filling pressures, which may lead to pulmonary edema. Different strategies have been proposed to decompress the left heart, including placement of an intraaortic balloon pump (IABP), Impella® (Abiomed), or TandemHeart® (Cardiac Assist). Percutaneous decompression of the left atrium via placement of a transseptal cannula incorporated into the existing venous limb had also been previously done. We describe the novel use of the VFEM venous femoral cannula (Edwards Lifesciences) placed transseptally in a left atrial, veno-arterial (LAVA) configuration to provide simultaneous bi-atrial drainage in a patient on V-A ECMO due to cardiogenic shock.
Predicting Left Ventricular Assist Device Outcomes Utilizing the Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplant Measure
Authors: Chesher Nicholas , Greenwood Kristina , Fanale Candace , Gustavenson Cody , Jask Brian , Mehta Hirsch , Hoagland Peter , Ortiz Kristine , Verlasky Marc , Adamson Robert , Dembitsky Walter
Published: January 2024

Objective: Durable mechanical circulatory support is a proven therapy to extend survival for patients with end-stage heart failure (HF). The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation guidelines recommend a detailed psychosocial assessment when selecting candidates for durable mechanical circulatory support. Currently, there are no formally validated psychosocial evaluation tools for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) candidacy. The Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation (SIPAT) uses a multidisciplinary algorithm to evaluate the impact of pre-transplant risk factors on post-transplant outcomes. Emerging literature suggests that the SIPAT might be useful for assessing psychosocial risk factors for LVAD outcomes. Methods: A total of 268 consecutive patients (median age 66 years, 84.6% male) with terminal HF were evaluated before LVAD implantation with a SIPAT assessment. Key outcomes included readmission and mortality rates at 30 days and two years. Results: After screening, 234 subjects met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. The Patient Readiness subscale of the SIPAT was statistically significant in predicting two-year mortality (B = .167, P < .001; Nagelkerke r2 = .106). Scores on the SIPAT did not correlate to 30-day readmission, 30-day mortality, or two-year readmission rates. Discussion: In this study, only the Patient Readiness score was associated with mortality at two-years post-implantation. This research elucidates the potential longer-term impact of psychosocial factors on LVAD outcomes and the SIPAT’s utility in evaluating LVAD candidacy.
Fondaparinux as an Alternative Anticoagulant Treatment in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices and Recurrent Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Case Series
Authors: Piani Daniela , Lechiancoe Andrea , Maiani Massimo , Vendramin Igor , Sponga Sandro , Auci Elisabetta , Livi Ugolino
Published: January 2024

Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) can occur in patients after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. In cases of recurrent GIB, the management of anticoagulation treatment represents a challenging situation in which the risk of bleeding recurrence and the need for long-term anticoagulation must be balanced. This case series describes the successful management of anticoagulation in three patients with recurrent GIB using fondaparinux. To our knowledge, these are the first reported cases of recurrent GIB in which a single dose of subcutaneous fondaparinux was used instead of oral anticoagulation. None of the patients presented with signs of pump thrombosis or arterial embolism. If confirmed by larger studies, the substitution of oral anticoagulation with subcutaneous, single-dose fondaparinux could represent a safe alternative treatment in a select group of patients with recurrent GIB.
Gastric Lipomas: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Jarrett Simone A. , Tito Sahana , Chan Matthew , Jarrett Dominic E. , Lo Kevin B. , DePalma Richard
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The purpose of this case series was to review a rare subset of tumors known as gastric lipomas, which are typically found incidentally. The motivation for this study arose from the identification of 2 cases within our institution in a short period. Case Presentation: The study involved a review of the diagnosis and management of 2 patients presenting with gastric lipomas at our institution after symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding. With the advent of new radiologic investigations such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging and advances in endoscopy, there are new approaches to identifying and managing these tumors. On further evaluation of the literature, we found that despite the availability of minimally invasive endoscopic techniques such as mucosal resection and submucosal dissection in the setting of large tumors, most patients tend to have to resort to surgical management. Conclusion: This case series underscores the rarity of gastric lipomas and their often-incidental discovery. Further investigation into endoscopic approaches for managing these tumors is needed, and additionally, there is a need to explore a potential association between gastric lipomas and malignancy, as chronic inflammation of the overlying mucosa may play a significant role.
Exacerbations of Persistent Neurotoxicity following Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in a Patient with Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report
Authors: Fenton Graeme A. , Dean Erin A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Neurological toxicity following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell infusion, termed immune cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), is a common and limiting factor in the expansion of this promising treatment modality. While refractory cases of ICANS have been reported in clinical trials, there is limited description of these presentations and their associated treatment. The use of predictive biomarkers and risk stratification tools offer a means of identifying patients with higher likelihood of developing ICANS; however, their discriminatory sensitivity has been shown to vary depending on disease type. Case Presentation: In this case report, we present the clinical course of a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel who developed a nonsinusoidal pattern of severe neurotoxicity refractory to steroid treatment, and we evaluate the predictive value of commonly used biomarkers and risk scores in assessing the likelihood of her presentation. Conclusion: In assessing the efficacy of these scores in the context of our patient’s pattern of severe neurotoxicity exacerbations, we aim to provide valuable clinical insight to better manage refractory ICANS and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
Internal Carotid Artery Dissection Presenting with Transient or Subclinical Horner Syndrome
Authors: Buelens Tom , Scifo Lisa , Schetgen Jérémy , Ould Hamou Moncef , Kampouridis Stelianos , Willermain François
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The most frequently encountered symptoms in internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD) are head or neck pain and cerebral ischemia. Ocular symptoms or signs have been reported as the presenting feature in up to 50% of patients, with (painful) Horner syndrome being the most frequently associated. Horner syndrome is part of the classic triad that depicts the characteristic presentation of ICAD and that consists of pain in the ipsilateral neck, head and orbital regions, (partial) Horner syndrome, and cerebral or retinal ischemia. All patients presenting with painful Horner syndrome should therefore require prompt investigations to rule out carotid artery dissection. In patients with confirmed diagnosis, treatment should be started early to prevent permanent ocular or cerebral complications. Case Presentation: Case 1: A 61-year-old woman presented with right temporal headache, an episode of transient visual loss and drooping of the right upper eyelid. Examination revealed anisocoria, which was more important in darkness. Reversal of anisocoria was observed after instilling drops of apraclonidine 0.5%. Neuroimaging demonstrated intrapetrous ICAD. Headaches, eyelid ptosis, and anisocoria all had resolved the next day. Apraclonidine pharmacologic testing a few weeks later was no longer dilating the previously smaller pupil. Case 2: A 48-year-old man presented with drooping of the right upper eyelid and right occipital headache and facial pain that all started one day after an intense yoga workout. Anisocoria was noticed upon examination, with topical cocaine 10% pharmacologic testing confirming a right Horner syndrome. Neuroimaging revealed ICAD. The patient reported resolution of his eyelid ptosis a few days later. Eyelid ptosis and anisocoria had indeed resolved at a follow-up examination a few weeks later. However, cocaine drop testing still produced anisocoria, compatible with subclinical Horner syndrome. Conclusion: Transient or subclinical Horner syndrome can be the presenting feature in ICAD; in such cases, the characteristic eyelid ptosis and anisocoria may be short-lived and resolve in only a few days. If suspected by clinical history, pharmacologic testing may be helpful in identifying subclinical cases.
COVID-19 after 2 Years from Hospital Discharge: A Pulmonary Function and Chest Computed Tomography Follow-Up Study
Authors: Mennella Simone , Alicino Cristiano , Anselmo Marco , Carrega Giuliana , Ficarra Gianluca , Garra Luca , Gastaldo Alessandro , Gnerre Paola , Lillo Flavia , Tassara Rodolfo , Terrile Anna , Milanese Manlio ,   on behalf of the ACOD Group.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Serial follow-up with pulmonary function testing (PFT) and chest computed tomography (CT) after severe COVID-19 are recommended. As a result, many longitudinal studies have been published on COVID-19 of different grade of severity up to 1-year follow-up. Therefore, we aimed at a long-term observational study throughout 2 years after severe COVID-19. Methods: Severe COVID-19 patients were consecutively recruited after hospital discharge between March and June 2020 and prospectively followed up for 24 months, with mMRC dyspnea scale and PFT at 6, 12, and 24 months. Chest CT was performed when clinically indicated. Results: One hundred one patients enrolled completed the observational study. At 24 months, those with reduced total lung capacity (TLC) were 16%, associated with fibrotic ground glass opacity (GGO) and mMRC score >1, respectively, in 75% and 69% of them. At 24 months, those with a reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for CO were 41%, associated with fibrotic GGO and mMRC score >1, respectively, in 53% and 22% of them. Conclusion: Two years after hospitalization for severe COVID-19, a non-negligible number of patients still suffer from “long COVID” due to respiratory damage.
Visualization and Identification of Silicone Oil Emulsification Using Dynamic Infrared Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy
Authors: Valentín-Bravo Francisco Javier , Stanga Paulo Eduardo , Martínez-Tapia Sebastián Alfonso , Mejía-Freire Santiago , Stanga Sebastian Eduardo Francis , Usategui-Martín Ricardo , Andrés-Iglesias Cristina , Pastor-Idoate Salvador
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Silicone oil (SO) is a crucial agent used as an intraocular tamponade in the treatment of complex vitreoretinal diseases. Despite its effectiveness, SO is prone to emulsification, which can lead to significant and sometimes irreversible complications in both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. The detection and monitoring of SO emulsification are therefore of paramount importance. Traditional imaging modalities have limitations in visualizing SO, leading to the exploration of more advanced imaging techniques. This study introduces the application of dynamic infrared confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (IRcSLO) for this purpose and evaluates its effectiveness. Case Presentation: We report on 2 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with subsequent SO injection for the management of retinal detachment. Postsurgery, both patients were imaged using the Heidelberg Retina Tomography Spectralis IRcSLO. The focus was on the visualization of the SO status, including the presence and distribution of emulsified SO droplets. The IRcSLO imaging technique demonstrated its capability to effectively visualize emulsified SO droplets. Interestingly, this was also true for cases where the SO had been removed. The emulsified droplets were observed as micron-sized, spherical entities with a nonuniform distribution throughout the vitreous cavity. Conclusion: Dynamic IRcSLO has proven to be an effective imaging modality for visualizing the emulsification of SO, offering a novel perspective into the characterization of SO droplets. It facilitates the analysis of droplet count, motility, and precise localization within the vitreous cavity. The findings from the case presentations underscore the variability of SO emulsification patterns and the sensitivity of IRcSLO in detecting even minuscule emulsified droplets. This imaging technique has significant potential for future research, particularly in understanding the timing of emulsification, the factors contributing to it, and the development of possible preventive strategies. Additionally, it allows for a more in-depth analysis of the behavior of emulsified SO droplets across different SO viscosities, which could be instrumental in optimizing patient outcomes.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Alteration of Vocal Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Turetta Camilla , Colizza Andrea , Giannini Andrea , Ralli Massimo , Bogani Giorgio , Laganà Antonio Simone , Pecorini Francesco , Muzii Ludovico , Paoli Antonio , Di Donato Violante , De Vincentiis Marco
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder among young women, correlated with hyperandrogenism. Among the symptoms of PCOS, vocal alterations are quite unknown. Dysphonia may be related to hyperandrogenism, and there is no consensus about its prevalence and the severity of vocal disorders, which can cause noticeable discomfort. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Four studies on PCOS that evaluated the phonatory system were included for a total of 174 patients (96 PCOS, 78 controls), and a meta-analysis on comparable data was performed. Results: Four studies evaluated parameters related to vocal symptomatology, altered audiometric examination, and findings at the laryngoscopy in patients affected by PCOS versus controls. Although the individual studies showed increased incidence of alterations and a tendency to develop speech fatigue in women with PCOS, when the results of studies were pulled in meta-analysis, the overall difference was not statistically significant. The studies themselves were very different from each other; therefore, it is hard to draw any firm conclusions. Discussion: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of vocal alterations, the correlation with hyperandrogenism, the quality of life, and the voice changes after starting a therapy for PCOS. The present meta-analysis failed to find any difference in terms of PCOS and control cohort. However, the lack of high-quality studies makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions. New and larger studies or big population program data are therefore warranted.
Tuberculous Meningitis Presenting with Bilateral Optic Neuritis: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Sadek Khaled W. , Atta Mohamed A. , Sultan Najwa Y. , Ashour Anas A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. TB meningitis (TBM) is an implication of systemic dissemination of a primary TB infection that indicates a poorer disease prognosis with various long-term neurological sequelae. Consequently, it is crucial to understand the different clinical presentations and manifestations of such condition. In TBM, vision loss, which is one of the most devastating complications, may result from optic nerve inflammation and atrophy. Although unilateral optic neuritis as a primary presenting symptom of TBM has been broadly reported in the literature, there is a paucity of information related to several other rare neuro-ophthalmic features, such as bilateral optic nerve involvement in TBM. Case Presentation: We herein present a case of a 37-year-old Indian male patient presenting with unilateral vision loss that subsequently progressed to bilateral vision loss and was hence diagnosed with bilateral optic neuritis. Additional thorough investigation yielded a diagnosis of TBM with underlying tuberculomas. The patient’s condition improved afterward with anti-tuberculous therapy and steroids with follow-up magnetic resonance imaging indicating radiological resolution as well. Conclusion: The differential diagnosis of bilateral optic neuritis is broad but rare, yet an overlooked one would be central nervous system TB in the form of meningitis or tuberculoma. Hence, it is important to identify bilateral optic neuritis as a possible rare presenting symptom of an underlying central nervous system TB infection which could lead to a faster disease diagnosis and treatment to prevent its devastating complications.
A Theoretical Framework of the Role of Racism in Adolescent Personal Identity Development: Applications to Racially Marginalized Youth in the USA
Authors: Park Yerin , Johnson Sara K.
Published: January 2024

Racism is an element of the sociocultural context that may significantly impact personal identity development among youth of color in the USA. However, theories of personal identity development largely do not consider the influence of racialized experiences. This paper presents a theoretical framework of the role of racism on adolescent personal identity development (RAPID framework); we demonstrate its utility with the example of interpersonal forms of racism in the context of racially marginalized youth in the USA. The RAPID framework combines psychological and sociological perspectives on identity development to describe moments in the process that may be affected by aspects of racism (e.g., stereotypes, biases). Empirical support for aspects of the framework is drawn from research on adolescents’ ethnic-racial identities and specific aspects of personal identities (e.g., academic identity). To create environments that promote positive personal identity development for ethnic-racially marginalized youth, the RAPID framework addresses potential barriers that can be eliminated and highlights aspects of resilience that can be supported. Suggestions for empirical research on the RAPID framework, as well as for theoretical extensions of it, are discussed.
PKD1 Truncating Mutations Accelerate eGFR Decline in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Ali Hamad , Alahmad Barrak , Senum Sarah R. , Warsame Samia , Bahbahani Yousif , Abu-Farha Mohamed , Abubaker Jehad , Alqaddoumi Malak , Al-Mulla Fahd , Harris Peter C.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a monogenic disease characterized by the accumulation of fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys, leading to renal volume enlargement and progressive kidney function impairment. Disease severity, though, may vary due to allelic and genetic heterogeneity. This study aimed to determine genotype-phenotype correlations between PKD1 truncating and non-truncating mutations and kidney function decline in ADPKD patients. Methods: We established a single-center retrospective cohort study in Kuwait where we followed every patient with a confirmed PKD1-ADPKD diagnosis clinically and genetically. Renal function tests were performed annually. We fitted generalized additive mixed effects models with random intercepts for each individual to analyze repeated measures of kidney function across mutation type. We then calculated survival time to kidney failure in a cox proportional hazards model. Models were adjusted for sex, age at visit, and birth year. Results: The study included 22 truncating and 20 non-truncating (42 total) patients followed for an average of 6.6 years (range: 1–12 years). Those with PKD1 truncating mutations had a more rapid rate of eGFR decline (−4.7 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year; 95% CI: −5.0, −4.4) compared to patients with PKD1 non-truncating mutations (−3.5 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year; 95% CI: −4.0, −3.1) (p for interaction <0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of time to kidney failure showed that patients with PKD1 truncating mutations had a shorter renal survival time (median 51 years) compared to those with non-truncating mutations (median 56 years) (P for log-rank = 0.008). Conclusion: In longitudinal and survival analyses, patients with PKD1 truncating mutations showed a faster decline in kidney function compared to patients PKD1 non-truncating mutations. Early identification of patients with PKD1 truncating mutations can, at best, inform early clinical interventions or, at least, help suggest aggressive monitoring.
Pseudoscience Charges and the Demarcation Problem
Authors:   Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Paulon Moreno
Published: January 2024

Philosophers of science have long tried to identify some demarcation line capable of distinguishing science from pseudoscience. Nonetheless, no ultimate set of requirements has so far been achieved, leaving demarcation uncertain and fluctuating, if not merely rhetorical. The habit of using the word ‘science’ to address a specific kind of knowledge is a modern practice, with ‘science’ having gradually taken over terms like ‘natural philosophy’ and ‘natural history.’ Thereby, the term ‘pseudoscience’ is also a recent one, with its meaning running alongside scientific endeavors of the nineteenth century. The article contributes to the debate aiming to pragmatically describe the function of pseudoscience in epistemology. To account for this, we argue that questions like What is pseudoscience? or What makes science science? would be better replaced by the question What do people do with the word pseudoscience?
On the History of Developing Catalysis in Ukraine (1850s–1980s)
Authors:   State University of Infrastructure and Technology, Gamaliia Vira , Zabuga Artem ,   National Technical University of Ukraine, Zabuga Gennadii
Published: January 2024

The article is dedicated to the history of developing highly effective catalysts in the leading scientific institutions of Ukraine and explores the prerequisites for developing theories in physical chemistry, in particular those related to kinetics and catalysis. It highlights the significance of scientific discoveries at the turn of the 19th and 20th century and their application by native scientists to advance theoretical development in the field of chemistry. Special attention is paid to the works of Lev Pisarzhevskii, focusing on his advancements in electronic chemistry and, in particular, the electronic theory of catalysis. The article also outlines current challenges in creating highly efficient catalysts for the chemical and light industry, emphasizing the importance of such indicators of catalysts as activity and selectivity. Drawing on historical, scientific and patent data, the study investigates the process of creating a highly efficient catalyst for obtaining acrylic acid from acrolein. This catalyst holds a great ractical importance for the production of various polymers in industrial conditions. It is shown that, as a result of research conducted by native scientists of the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR and the Chemistry Department of Kyiv State University, the catalyst K-2-5 was developed. The catalyst has good indicators for the industrial production of acrylic acid from acrolein. The authors also highlight works studying the properties of the obtained catalyst, specifically its porous structure, which is an important factor in catalytic processes. They extensively focus on the kinetic indicators of catalytic reactions that occur when using this catalyst. The article also emphasizes the relevance of these developments for advancing research in catalysis and chemical industrial production.
An Analysis of Aristotle’s Principles in Al-Farabi’s Study of Logic in the History and Philosophy of Science
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Suleimenov Pirimbek , Paltore Yktiyar ,   Egyptian University of Islamic Culture Nur-Mubarak, Moldabek Yesker ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Usenov Galymzhan ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: January 2024

The era in which Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī emerged as a canonical scientist significantly contributed to his education and shaped his scientific worldview. The formation of al-Farabi’s spiritual worldview and his ideas is directly associated with embracing the ancient philosophical tradition, more precisely, Aristotle’s philosophy and logic. The focus of the article is alFarabi’s analysis of Aristotle’s principles in the study of logic and their further development. Al-Farabi’s worldwide reputation as the Second Teacher after Aristotle, the First Teacher, in the East is directly rooted in his mastery and advancement of the science of logic. In simple terms, the philosopher states that logic leads a person to a straight path to being capable of radically discerning between good and bad, truth and lies, and honesty and deceit. This, in turn, steers humanity away from succumbing to mistakes or getting into trouble. Al-Farabi constructs a comprehensive scientific analysis of the socio-cultural foundations of Aristotle’s doctrine of logic and the ability to adapt it in his unique way to society. The study of the theoretical basis of al-Farabi’s teachings on logic and its significance involves employing hermeneutic, comparative, and stylistic methods in the research of the texts.
Mykyta Mandryka’s Scientific Legacy in the Field of International Law: Ukrainian Institute of Sociology in Prague in the 1920s
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Sukhoterina Lyubov , Zharkykh Volodymyr ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: January 2024

Review
Al-Farabi’s Philosophy on Education
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Edelbay Saniya
Published: January 2024

Review
EVALUATION OF REVEGETATION PRACTICES IN POST-MINED AREAS OF INDONESIA
Authors: Wijayanti Meilina , Kapp Gerald , Mansur Irdika
Published: January 2024

In compliance with government regulations, mining companies in Indonesia are obliged to reclaim and return a post-mined area into its pre-mining condition. Revegetation, as part of reclamation activity, performs a significant role in the rehabilitation of degraded post-mined areas to restore their productive land uses. Hence, this study aimed to assess tree growth on the reclamation sites across four mining companies in East Kalimantan, South Sulawesi, South Sumatra, and West Java in Indonesia and to evaluate whether the companies have met the legal requirements set for site revegetation. The success parameters were based on the applicable regulations of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MOEF) P.60/Menhut-II/2009 and tree growth parameters (stem diameter, total height and basal area). The parameters set by MOEF included revegetation realization, survival rate, tree density, tree health, species composition and rotation length. The four mining companies applied the two-phase planting method that included the planting of Enterolobium cyclocarpum for the first phase; and in the second phase, the slow growing native species, such as Intsia palembanica, Sycygium polyanthum, Shorea spp. and Elmerrillia tsiampaca. The tree growth parameters showed different performances over species and reclaimed sites. An extremely high growth of stem basal area of 57.6 m2/ha in 11 years, was recorded in the E. tyclocarpum stand of the Mining Company in South Sulawesi. All four mining companies strived to comply with the regulation with scores of revegetation success ranging from 15 to 25 out of 25 possible points. However, these favorable results may not be representative of all the mining companies, as the ones assessed were only those voluntarily supporting this research. Moreover, each of the four companies made some distinct efforts in implementing post-mining revegetation, such as by establishing plots of Melaleuca cajuputi trees producing cajuput oil and polycultures of native species.Â Â Keywords: mining, reclamation, reforestation, rehabilitation, success parametersÂ Â Â Â Â
PREVENTION METHODS AGAINST Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens INFECTION IN TILAPIA
Authors: Hardi Esti Handayani , Nugroho Rudi Agung , Kusuma Irawan Wijaya , Suwinarti Wiwin , Anjani Ryan , Aziza Aziza
Published: January 2024

This research evaluated a method involving provision of a concoction of Boesenbergia pandurata, Solanum ferox dan Zingimber zerumbet extracts for pathogen prevention in tilapia. The concentration of each extract was 600 ppm of Boesenbergia pandurata/BP, 900 ppm of Solanum ferox/SF and 200 ppm of Zingimber zerumbet/ZZ. The examination was performed by issuing two combinations of extracts (SF:BP, SF:ZZ) against Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens (105 CFUmL-1). Preventive trials were carried out by providing a concoction of extracts through intraperitoneal injection (0.1 mL/fish) in tilapia (15Â±2 g) and the immersion method was performed by bathing the fish in the extracts for 20 minutes, with pathogen challenging during the following 24 h being carried out. The composition of the used extract was by SF60:ZZ40; SF50:ZZ50; BP90:SF10; BP50:SF50; and fish without being given the extract. Haematology and immunology parameters were observed at the 4th week after challanges with pathogenic bacteria. The number of white blood cells (WBCs) increased significantly (P <0.05) compared to controls without extract, with a similar increase observed for red blood cell (RBCs), but heamatocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) values did not significantly increase compared to control. Phagocytic index, respiratory burst and lysozyme activities also experienced a significant increase in fish fed with combined extracts compared to controls. The numbers of pathogenic bacteria in the body of the fish given extract were also lower than the control and significantly different at the 4th week. The results of this study indicate that giving combined extracts of SF50:ZZ50 and BP90:SF10 provides the best protection (RPS) against infection of A. hydrophila and P. fluorescent by injection of 100%. This study indicates that providing combined extracts by injection and immersion in the ratio of SF50:ZZ50 has a positive effect in increasing the non-specific immune system of tilapia and increasing protection against bacterial infections.
HYPER-SOLUBILIZING TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE MUTANTS OF Klebsiella sp. GMD08
Authors: Ariyanti Nur Fitriana , Widada Jaka , Subandiyah Siti
Published: January 2024

Klebsiella sp. GMD08 is one of the bacteria that has the capability to dissolve insoluble inorganic phosphate into soluble phosphate ion through their organic acid production. Transposon is a genetic element agent usually used to generate mutant through mutagenesis. Thus it can be used to identify the genetic functions involved in those phosphate solubilizing mechanisms. This research was conducted to identify the genes of Klebsiella sp. GMD08 involved in phosphate solubilization through sequence detection obtained from a hyper-solubilizing phosphate mutant library. Mutation was conducted by inserting mini-Tn5 transposon hosted in Escherichia coli S17-1/Î»pir [pBSL202] into Klebsiella sp. GMD08 chromosome by the filter mating conjugation method. Trans conjugant mutant candidates were then qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed for their solubilizing ability to dissolve tricalcium phosphate [Ca3(PO4)2] using pikovskaya medium. The organic acid characteristics of transconjugant mutants were detected using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Meanwhile, suspected genes involved in phosphate solubilizing were detected using the sequencing method obtained from the transposon insertion result. Nucleotide Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (nucleotide BLAST) was used to identify the nucleotide base sequence similarity with the database. The results showed that PB116 and PB122 were the two main transconjugant mutants obtained from transposon mutagenesis which had higher tricalcium phosphate dissolving ability. Gluconic acid was the main organic acid produced by Klebsiella sp. GMD08 phosphate solubilizing mechanism. Moreover, arginine repressor (ArgR) and malate dehydrogenase gene (mdh) coding gene were involved in Klebsiella sp. GMD08 phosphate solubilizing mechanism.
AGRONOMIC TRAITS OF LOCAL WETLAND RICE VARIETIES IN JAMBI PROVINCE
Authors: Bobihoe Julistia
Published: January 2024

Swamp Â land is one of the areas of agricultural Â development Â that is perspective Â where the agroecosystem Â has the characteristics, Â and very unique with specific inundation and soil properties compared to other agroecosystems. Â At present, in some of these areas rice cultivation Â is still using local varieties. Local Â rice is one of the genetic resources which is quite diverse. The ability to adapt to extreme environments Â is the reason for most farmers to continue to plant and cultivate local Â rice. The study of the agronomic traits of local rice in swamp land is carried out in order to see the agronomic character and obtain varieties that have superior traits based on their agronomic character. The research activity was carried out in the Rantau Kapas Mudo Village, Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province from April to October 2016. The study used a single plot method. The local rice varieties used are genetic resources of swamp land rice planted in single plots measuring 10 m x 5 m, the distance between plots is 1 m with a spacing of 25 cm x 25 cm. The local varieties used were as many as 11 varieties, consisting of: Serendah Halus, Rimbun Daun, Karya, Serendah Bawang, Sereh Aek, Botol, Pontianak, Semut, Dawi, Ketan Itam and D.I. The characters observed consisted of plant height at harvest, number of productive tillers, age of harvest, number of grains per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, number of empty grains per panicle, weight of 1,000 grains, seed shape and production. The results showed that there were differences between the local rice varieties of swamp land observed. The results showed that the highest production (3.32 tons / ha) was found in the Leafy variety, evidenced by the Dawi variety (2.86 t / ha). The results showed that there were two local rice varieties, Rimbun Daun and Dawi which had the potential to be developed and were expected to become the leading regional rice varieties in the swamp land.
KARAMUNTING (Melastoma malabathricum) EXTRACTS ON WHITE SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) MATURITY
Authors: Ridwan Ahmad , Awaludin Awaludin
Published: January 2024

Lanosterol is a phytosterol that is used by crustacea to form animal steroid hormone that plays a role in the reproduction of the shrimp. This research aims to determine the response of ovary development in white shrimp parent after given Karamunting ethanol extract. This research was carried out in several stages: 1. Injecting the white shrimp every 3 days, at the base of the 5th leg, for 15 days with variable control dose 0 (C), 10 mg / kg BW (T1), 7.5 mg / kg BW (T2), 5 mg / kg BW (T3), 2 mg / kg BW (T4) and 1 mg / kg BW (T5), (2). Isolation of white shrimp parent ovary, (3). Measurement of progesterone level in the ovary using the Radioimmunoassay (RIA) method, (4) Histology of white shrimp parent ovary, and (5). Data analysis. The statistical results of measuring the increase in progesterone showed that administration of ethanol extract of karamunting at the end of maintenance had a significant difference (PË‚0.05). Histology observations of gonadal development in control, T5 and T4 showed cells to develop to previtellogenesis oocytes whereas in treatment T1, T2 and T3 ovary cells developed into endogenous vitellogenesis oocytes and only in T1 ovarian cells developed to form exogenous vitellogenesis oocytes. Â Statistical results of oocyte size after administration of the karamunting extract at the end of maintenance were significantly different (PË‚0.05). The average oocyte size at the beginning of maintenance (15.57 Â± 3.15 Âµm), C (25.29 Â± 2.69 Âµm) indicating that at the end of the ovarian treatment development occurred both in control and treatment. T1 (65.65 Â± 2.64 Âµm), T2 (63.98 Â± 3.06 Âµm), T3 (39.12 Â± 6.01 Âµm), T4 (28.08 Â± 0.84 Âµm) and T5 (27.65 Â± 0.71 Âµm) also appear to be greater than the oocyte size at the beginning of maintenance and control. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the content of lanosterol in karamunting plants can increase the hormone progesterone which indicates an acceleration of gonadal maturity and enlargement of oocyte size in the parent shrimp of White shrimp.
Ecos da tradição Judaica na arte e na literatura de Judeus na Amazônia
Authors: Silva Alessandra F. Conde da
Published: January 2024

Este ensaio apresenta um estudo sobre escritores e artistas plásticos judeus nascidos na Amazônia e que em suas obras retrataram ecos da tradição judaica e da cultura amazônica.
A Literariedade da Bíblia Hebraica
Authors: Leite Eliathan Carvalho
Published: January 2024

Historicamente, a Bíblia Hebraica têm sido alvo de diversas discussões acerca de sua condição e dos critérios que deveriam definir seu método de análise. Nesse contexto, é possível destacar os teóricos que defendem o caráter literário da Bíblia, propondo modelos interpretativos que partem dessa premissa. Os esforços de tais teóricos resultou em uma crescente produção crítica; contudo, esta é majoritariamente dedicada à confecção e aplicação de métodos interpretativos, em detrimento de uma discussão que trata, de fato, da condição literária da obra. Este trabalho objetiva contribuir para a diminuição desse vazio, explorando, assim, a literariedade da Bíblia Hebraica, tomando como base os elementos que refletem o caráter literário de um texto, conforme estipulado pelas mais diversas correntes da Teoria Literária.