bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Time work”: An analysis of temporal experiences and agentic practices in the “good” doctor-patient relationship in general practice
Authors: Assing Hvidt Elisabeth
Published: July 2022

This article contributes to social health research by presenting an analysis of the temporal dimensions of the “good” doctor-patient relationship as perceived and enacted by patients and general practitioners (GPs). The empirical data derive from ethnographic fieldwork comprising participant observation in four general practice clinics in Denmark, and semi-structured interviews with 27 patients and eight GPs. The analysis draws from Michael Flaherty’s sociology of time: notions of temporal agency and “time work” are used as analytical tools to demonstrate that the “good” doctor-patient relationship is constructed in a tension between external temporal structures and internal temporal experiences that are the result of GPs’ and patients’ agentic practices of “doing time.” Thus, the findings illustrate how temporal determinism and self-determinism are equally interwoven when GPs and patients talk about, enact and seek meaningful temporal experiences within the doctor-patient relationship, while resisting and avoiding others that undermine the relationship. The results challenge 1. deterministic conceptions of time demands in today’s healthcare systems that are said to control healthcare providers’ behavior and 2. the taken-for-granted understanding of continuity as a resource in itself.
Emerging Technologies for the Detection of Cancer Micrometastasis
Authors: Mao Xuqing , Mei Ruyi , Yu Shuxian , Shou Lan , Zhang Wenzheng , Li Keshuai , Qiu Zejing , Xie Tian , Sui Xinbing
Published: July 2022

The most efficient way to treat tumors is through surgery. However, many cancer patients have a poor prognosis even when they undergo radical excision at an early stage. Micrometastasis is one of the most critical factors that induced this situation. Undetected micrometastasis can lead to the failure of initial treatment. Therefore, preoperative and intraoperative detection of micrometastasis could have a significant clinical influence on the prognosis and optimal therapy for cancer patients. Additionally, to achieve this goal, researchers have aimed to create more effective detection technologies. Herein, we classify the currently reported micrometastasis detection technologies, introduce some representative samples for each technology, including the limitations, and provide future directions to overcome the limitations.
A quadruped robot obstacle avoidance and personnel following strategy based on ultra-wideband and three-dimensional laser radar
Authors: Li Zhi , Li Bin , Liang Qixing , Liu Weilong , Hou Landong , Rong Xuewen
Published: July 2022

To improve the human–computer interaction ability and environmental adaptability of the quadruped robot, especially the ability of the quadruped robot to follow people and avoid obstacles. In this article, the fusion of ultra-wideband positioning technology and three-dimensional laser radar is applied to a quadruped robot. The core is to scan the surrounding obstacle information through three-dimensional laser radar, locate the position of both the quadruped robot and the target person, complete the obstacle avoidance, and follow the task of the quadruped robot through an efficient path planning algorithm. To meet the high-precision positioning requirements, the ultra-wideband positioning system is used in this article. When calculating the coordinates, we propose a three-sided weighted least squares positioning algorithm. To improve the efficiency and stability of the quadruped robot in path search, based on the A* algorithm, this article improves and proposes an incremental A* algorithm based on a sliding window. The feasibility and effectiveness of our method are verified by computer simulation analysis and real experiments of the quadruped robot.
Posture algorithm for mobile robot based on ultrawide band
Authors: Sun Jing , Xie Bin , Xiong Wei , Zhang Qiaolong , Zhao Zhenyu
Published: July 2022

Inertial measurement unit or other navigation devices are used to obtain the posture information of most mobile robots based on ultrawide band. However, problems, such as zero drift, temperature drift, and error increasing with time, exist in inertial measurement unit and other navigation devices. To overcome these problems, a posture algorithm for mobile robot based on ultrawide band is proposed in this article. Real-time posture information can be obtained by the posture algorithm without using inertial measurement unit and other navigation devices. Simulated results show that the mean absolute error and root mean square error of posture angle in the global coordinate system are 0.951° and 1.169°, respectively. Both the simulated and experimental trajectories show good agreement with the ideal trajectory. The results indicate that the posture data can be obtained accurately by the posture algorithm and the accuracy can meet the requirements for most mobile robots. This article is expected to be of great guiding significance for the development of mobile robots.
The practical acetylation of nucleosides using acetic anhydride/acetic acid as a reusable solvent
Authors: Xia Ran , Xia Chao , Yang Ying-Xing , Liu Li-Jie , Chen Lei-Shan , Sun Li-Ping
Published: July 2022

The highly practical acetylation of free nucleosides is achieved using acetic anhydride/acetic acid as a reusable solvent and acetylating regent. A series of nucleosides, including ribosyl, deoxyribosyl, arabinosyl, acyclic and pyranosyl, and many clinical drugs were acetylated efficiently, even on large scale (200 g).
Preoperative echocardiography for patients with hip fractures undergoing surgery in a low-resource setting: Asset or obstacle?
Authors: Mencia Marlon M , Skeete Rondell , Pablo Hernandez Cruz Pedro , Cawich Shamir O
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the rate of preoperative transthoracic echocardiography in hip fracture patients and to evaluate its effects on time to surgery and length of stay. We conducted a retrospective review of all patients with hip fractures treated at a tertiary referral hospital. Data examined included age, sex, comorbidities, time to surgery, length of stay, fracture type and transthoracic echocardiography findings. Forty-eight patients with hip fractures underwent surgery (men 41.7%; mean age 77.2 (49–95)). Nine patients (18.7%) had a preoperative transthoracic echocardiography. Preoperative transthoracic echocardiography was associated with a significantly longer time to surgery an abbreviation for days e.g dys should be added after the values to indicate what time frame is being measured (14.7 versus 6.8, p = 0.0051) and length of stay (23.6 versus 10.4, p = 0.0002). This study demonstrates a high rate of preoperative transthoracic echocardiography in hip fracture patients. The role of transthoracic echocardiography should be reassessed in view of its association with significant surgical delays.
Intergenerational transmission of historical memory of volcanic risk in Mexico
Authors: Ojeda-Rosero Dayra Elizabeth , López-Vázquez Esperanza
Published: July 2022

Collective memory is built on concepts and meanings that a population shares and builds over time. These contents are perpetuated through oral transmission from generation to generation. In the case of populations exposed to volcanic risk, coexistence with the volcano is part of their history and daily life. The present study focuses on understanding the meanings, perceptions, and responses facing (before and after) volcanic crises. All these are taken from the collective memory that has been transmitted intergenerationally after the new stage of activity of the Popocatepetl volcano in 1994. It was carried out with qualitative methodology, based on symbolic interactionism, integrating elements of ethnography and grounded theory. People of different age groups from a Mexican community near the Popocatepetl volcano participated. The techniques used were in-depth interviews, focus groups, and participant observation. The historical memory of the volcano’s activity before and after the last reactivation was reconstructed, thus evidencing the generational processes.
Trends in the surgical treatment of posterior shoulder instability in the United States from 2016 to 2020
Authors: Lemme Nicholas J , Bokshan Steven L , Yang Daniel , Meghani Ozair , Alsoof Daniel , Lau Brian C , Daniels Alan H , Owens Brett D
Published: July 2022

Background

The purpose of this study was to describe trends in the incidence of open versus arthroscopic management of posterior shoulder instability (PSI) as well as the patients undergoing these procedures in the United States over time.

Methods

The PearlDiver Patient Records Database was utilized for this study. Cases of PSI and surgery were identified via the appropriate ICD-10-CM and CPT codes. Linear regression and two-sample Student's t-test were used to analyze incidence rates, procedure type, number of instability events, and patient age.

Results

A total of 5655 patients were identified as having PSI, undergoing a total of 686 capsulorraphies. The incidence of PSI treated surgically increased across the years of the study at a rate of 0.0293 per 100,000 person-years with an incidence in 2019–2020 greater than in 2016–2018 ( p = 0.0151). Patients undergoing arthroscopic capsulorrhaphy were on average younger than those undergoing open capsulorrhaphy ( p = 0.0021). Patients experienced a higher number of posterior instability events before open surgery compared to arthroscopic ( p = 0.0274).

Discussion

The incidence of surgical treatment of PSI in the United States is steadily rising, with greater than 90% of cases being treated arthroscopically. Those undergoing arthroscopic posterior stabilization are both younger and face fewer instability events prior to surgery.
CSO Networks and Resistance to Forced Displacement in Cambodia
Authors: Rose-Jensen Sarah R.
Published: July 2022

While development-related conflicts are remarkably common in many regions, successful resolution of these conflicts, from the community perspective, is rare. The existing literature shows that early and sustained engagement with civil society has been key in securing better outcomes for communities, however, the activities and interventions of CSO networks that facilitate this are less clear. Based on more than a year of ethnographic field research in two communities engaged in protracted development-related conflicts in Cambodia, I find that through engagement with civil society networks, community members develop new understandings of development and development-related conflicts, particularly the role of the state in resolving or not resolving these conflicts, and awareness of potential solutions to those conflicts as well as of their own agency in seeking resolutions. These new understandings and agency enable community members to remain engaged in protracted conflicts, despite the high costs and barriers which increases the likelihood that the conflict will be resolved in ways that community members consider successful or at least less detrimental. The research indicates that sustained engagement with CSO networks, particularly local and regional CSOs, can help to ensure better outcomes for communities engaged in development-related conflicts in Southeast Asia.
Promoting High-Achieving Students Through Differentiated Instruction in Mixed-Ability Classrooms—A Systematic Review
Authors: Ziernwald Lisa , Hillmayr Delia , Holzberger Doris
Published: July 2022

Promoting high-achieving students plays an important role in the school context. Hence, one promising support measure within the mixed-ability classroom is differentiated instruction (DI). The current systematic review examined (1) the impact of DI on high-achieving students’ outcomes, (2) to what extent DI is used, (3) how useful teachers and high-achieving students perceive DI, and (4) which barriers and facilitators are encountered in DI’s implementation. Forty-nine studies from 2000 to 2019 were included. Differentiated instruction impacted high-achieving students’ academic achievement and motivational-affective characteristics predominantly positive. However, there was considerable heterogeneity between and within studies. Teachers typically did not use DI for high-achieving students proactively nor on a regular basis. However, teachers and high-achieving students perceived DI as valuable for encouraging high-achieving students. The barriers found might help to explain discrepancies between the extent of usage and the perceived utility, whereas the identified facilitators suggest how to overcome these barriers.
Design and Synthesis of New 2-Aminobenzamide Derivatives Containing Benzothiazole and Phenylamine Moiety and Their Cytotoxicity
Authors: Cuc Dinh Thi , Hien Nguyen Thi , Doan Vu Ngoc , Thuan Tran Dang , Anh Dang Thi Tuyet , Thanh Nguyen Ha , Ha Trinh Thu , Nga Nguyen Thi , Tuyet Nguyen Thi Kim , Kiem Phan Van
Published: July 2022

Twelve new compounds including 2-aminobenzamide derivatives bearing benzothiazole and phenylamine moiety were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were tested their cytotoxic activity against A549 and SW480 tumor cell lines. Compounds 3a and 3c exhibited cytotoxicity toward A549 cell line with IC50 values of 24.59 and 29.59 µM, respectively.
Inter-Tree Variation in the Chemical Composition of Boswellia papyrifera Oleo-Gum-Resin
Authors: DeCarlo Anjanette , Agieb Salah , Johnson Stephen , Satyal Prabodh , Setzer William N.
Published: July 2022

Frankincense is a fragrant resin produced by Boswellia species, and has been used for centuries as a perfume, medicine, and incense, and is an important cosmetic and therapeutic product today. A number of studies have been conducted on the resin essential oils, but many have used commercial sources outside of the country of origin, leading to potential taxonomic confusion or misidentification. Individual Boswellia papyrifera resin samples were each obtained directly from 11 individual trees in Sudan, hydrodistilled, the volatile phytochemicals determined by gas chromatographic methods, and the chemical compositions subjected to cluster analysis. All samples were very similar, with high levels of octyl acetate (49.5%-81.0%) and octanol (6.5%-13.7%), and varying levels of diterpenoids (6.6%-32.7%). The cluster analysis indicated 3 highly similar groups, defined by (1) relatively higher levels of octyl acetate (58.9%-81.0%), but with low levels of diterpenoids (6.6%-18.6%); (2) relatively lower levels of octyl acetate (49.5%-61.3%), but with a higher proportion of diterpenoids (19.0%-22.8%); and (3) with octyl acetate (51.6%) and diterpenoids (32.7%).
Chemical Composition and Terpenoid Enantiomeric Distribution of the Essential oil of Artemisia tridentata Subsp. tridentata From Southwestern Idaho
Authors: Swor Kathy , Satyal Prabodh , Timsina Sunita , Setzer William N.
Published: July 2022

Big sagebrush ( Artemisia tridentata) is a common shrub growing in the cold intermountain regions of western North America. The plant is an important food source for herbivores and was used in Native American traditional medicine. In this work, the essential oils were obtained from 3 individuals of A tridentata subsp. tridentata growing in southwestern Idaho. The essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatographic methods including chiral gas chromatography. The major components in the essential oils were yomogi alcohol (5.8%-30.8%), santolina epoxide (1.7%-10.5%), camphor (5.2%-20.1%), and ( Z)-tagetone (0.9%-8.9%). ( + )-α-Pinene, ( + )-β-pinene, ( + )-verbenone, ( − )-( E)-β-caryophyllene, and ( − )-δ-cadinene were the only enantiomers observed for these compounds. Camphene and camphor, on the other hand, showed wide variability in enantiomeric distribution. The enantiomeric distributions in A tridentata subsp. tridentata differ widely compared to other Artemisia species. There are large variations in the chemical compositions in A tridentata, both between subspecies and within subspecies.
Peptide nanogels as a scaffold for fabricating dermal grafts and 3D vascularized skin models
Authors: Arab Wafaa T , Susapto Hepi H , Alhattab Dana , Hauser Charlotte A E
Published: July 2022

Millions of people worldwide suffer from skin injuries, which create significant problems in their lives and are costly to cure. Tissue engineering is a promising approach that aims to fabricate functional organs using biocompatible scaffolds. We designed ultrashort tetrameric peptides with promising properties required for skin tissue engineering. Our work aimed to test the efficacy of these scaffolds for the fabrication of dermal grafts and 3D vascularized skin tissue models. We found that the direct contact of keratinocytes and fibroblasts enhanced the proliferation of the keratinocytes. Moreover, the expression levels of TGF-β1, b-FGF, IL-6, and IL-1α is correlated with the growth of the fibroblasts and keratinocytes in the co-culture. Furthermore, we successfully produced a 3D vascularized skin co-culture model using these peptide scaffolds. We believe that the described results represent an advancement in the fabrication of skin tissue equivalent, thereby providing the opportunity to rebuild missing, failing, or damaged parts.

Graphical abstract

[Formula: see text]
Diversifying Representations of Female Scientists on Social Media: A Case Study From the Women Doing Science Instagram
Authors: Phillips Alexandra A. , Walsh Catherine R. , Grayson Korie A. , Penney Camilla E. , Husain Fatima ,   the Women Doing Science Team
Published: July 2022

In the absence of real-life role models, women scientists portrayed in the media enable young women to imagine themselves as future scientists. Both traditional media and social media have the potential to provide role models, but their representations of scientists reinforce, rather than challenge, long-standing gendered stereotypes. Women Doing Science, a social media effort, was founded by the authors to address this representation gap by sharing daily photos of diverse women in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) with accompanying research descriptions in English and in other languages. To date, Women Doing Science has highlighted over 800 scientists to an audience of ~100,000 followers from around the world, who are primarily women in undergraduate and graduate STEM degree programs. Here, we evaluate the success of the Women Doing Science Instagram page in portraying women scientists with diverse racial and national identities. Furthermore, we explore which aspects of posts drive higher engagement from the audience. We find that our Instagram audience has higher engagement with posts featuring Women of Color, multiple languages, and posts that challenge stereotypes associated with women in STEM. In addition, we find that Women of Color are more likely to include additional aspects of their identity in their biographies, and that a primary reason our audience follows the page is because of the diversity portrayed in the posts. These results imply the powerful potential for social media platforms like Instagram to source diverse role models that expand conventional images of STEM professionals and allow international audiences to develop their STEM identities.
Children’s health insurance coverage and adequacy from 2016 to 2018: Racial/ethnic disparities under the ACA
Authors: Shen Yuying , Turner Carlene Buchanan , Perkins Robert K , Moore Ami
Published: July 2022

Background:

This study advances health disparities research by documenting the racial/ethnic disparities in children’s health insurance coverage and health insurance adequacy under the implementation and revisions of the Affordable Care Act between 2016 and 2018 in America.

Design and methods:

Combining the nation-wide repeated cross-sectional data from 2016 to 2018 Children’s Health National Survey (NSCH), we examined the changes and trends of health insurance coverage and health insurance adequacy among children age 0–17 across different racial/ethnic groups from 2016 to 2018. Multivariate logistic regression models stratified by race-ethnicity were further analyzed to examine the association between children’s health insurance adequacy, their health insurance coverage, and their socio-demographic background factors.

Results:

Our analyses indicate that generally children’s enrollment in Medicaid or other government aided health care programs had been increasing whereas children’s enrollment in the employer-based had been decreasing from 2016 to 2018. At the same time, the number of children who said that they always had adequate health insurance to meet their health care needs has slightly dropped from 2016 to 2018, except for AIAN children. Our analyses further revealed that the risk of inadequate health insurance appears to be stronger for children in disadvantaged situation, socially and economically.

Conclusions:

The ACA has contributed to expanding childhood health insurance coverage. But racial/ethnic disparities continue to exist in children’s health insurance coverage and health insurance adequacy. To achieve equity in childhood health care, more outreach and appropriate programs are needed for children who are socially and economically disadvantaged.
Exploring an HR Practitioner’s Perspective on Human Capital Development and Its Evolvement in the COVID-19 Context
Authors: Carvalho Charles , Carvalho Sheldon , Kumar Manish , Carvalho Fallan Kirby
Published: July 2022

Kotak Mahindra Life Insurance Company Limited ((in short, Kotak Life) is one of India’s fastest-growing insurance companies in India. It is well regarded as a reputed, admired and sustainable company that believes in and practices the value of being ‘people-friendly’. Hence, the company invests significant time, effort and money in developing its employees. In this interview, we explore an HR practitioner’s perspective on human capital development and its evolvement in the COVID-19 context in India. Specifically, we interviewed the Senior Vice President Human Resources and Head Organisation Capability and Development and, DE&I of Kotak Life to understand the human capital development process at Kotak Life Insurance. Given that this interview was conducted during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India, we also explored how the human capital development process was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and, thus, appropriately modified through the medium of digitalisation.
Effects of Limb Dominance on Patellofemoral Joint Loading During Gait at 12 Weeks After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Goto Shiho , Garrison J. Craig , Singleton Steven B. , Dietrich Lindsey N. , Hannon Joseph P.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Patellofemoral joint complications have commonly been reported in long-term outcome studies for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); however, the biomechanics in the early phases of rehabilitation that could be associated with the development of these abnormalities is unclear. Limb dominance may affect the biomechanics of the knee joint in patients after ACLR.

Purpose:

To compare knee joint loading between surgical and nonsurgical limbs at 12 weeks postoperatively in patients who underwent ACLR on either their dominant limb (ACL-D) or nondominant limb (ACL-ND).

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Included were 54 patients (32 ACL-D and 22 ACL-ND). Peak and integrated patellofemoral joint stress (PFJS), peak patellofemoral joint reaction force (PFJRF), and peak knee extension moment (KEM) were assessed during the stance phase of gait while participants walked on a 10-m runway at a self-selected speed.

Results:

The surgical limb of the ACL-D group had significantly decreased peak PFJS ( P < .001), integrated PFJS ( P < .001), peak PFJRF ( P < .001), and peak KEM ( P < .001) compared to the nonsurgical limb. The surgical limb of the ACL-ND group demonstrated significantly increased peak PFJS ( P = .001), integrated PFJS ( P = .023), peak PFJRF ( P < .001), and peak KEM ( P = .001) compared to the nonsurgical limb. For the surgical limb, the ACL-ND group demonstrated significantly greater peak PFJS ( P < .001), peak PFJRF ( P < .001) , (PFJRF [ P<.001]) and peak KEM ( P < .001) than the ACL-D group. For the nonsurgical limb, the ACL-D group demonstrated greater peak PFJS ( P < .001), integrated PFJS ( P = .023), peak PFJRF ( P = .003), and peak KEM ( P < .001) than the ACL-ND group.

Conclusion:

Significantly larger knee joint loading on the surgical limb of the ACL-ND group and smaller knee joint loading on the surgical limb of the ACL-D group were observed compared to the contralateral nonsurgical limb, which suggests that limb dominance has a key role in loading at the knee joint during gait.

Clinical Relevance:

Altered knee joint loading during gait at 12 weeks after ACLR may lead to the development of patellofemoral joint abnormalities.
Pregnant and Powerless: Exploring Barriers to Contraceptive use among Women in Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Gele Abdi A , Shrestha Mary , Sheikh Naima Said , Qureshi Samera A
Published: July 2022

Background

With a maternal mortality ratio of 692 per 100 000 live births and modern contraception prevalence of 1%, understanding factors hindering Somali women from using modern contraception is key to developing and implementing locally adopted public health responses. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore factors impeding Somali women in Mogadishu from using modern contraception

Methods

We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 21 married women aged >18 years, living in different neighborhoods in Mogadishu between July—December 2018. We recruited the participants using a convenience sampling method.

Results

The findings show that health communication messages and contraceptive information provided by health providers (medical barriers) constitute a significant obstacle to women’s access to modern contraception services. Other barriers included prevalent religious fallacies among women and fear of permanent infertility upon modern contraception.

Conclusion

Training health providers in the principles of modern contraception, in addition to the medical ethics that govern their responsibility to provide correct and relevant information to their patients, is vital for increasing modern contraception use among Somali women. The findings of this study may be used for designing public health interventions that promote acceptance and the use of modern contraception among both women and men in Somalia.
Midwives’ Knowledge and Preparedness in Providing Maternity Care During COVID-19 Pandemic in Dodoma Region, Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abdalla Subira , Joho Angelina A.
Published: July 2022

Background

COVID-19 pandemic has a high impact on the health of pregnant women and healthcare providers worldwide.

Objective

This study aims to assess midwives’ knowledge and preparedness in providing maternity care during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A cross-sectional analytical hospital-based study that included 116 midwives, who were working in labor ward, was conducted in the Dodoma region of Tanzania from March to June 2021. The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to assess the association between the categorical variables. The predictors of midwives’ knowledge and preparedness were determined using binary logistic regression analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0; p < .05 was considered to be significant.

Results

Of the midwives studied, 63 (54.3%) had adequate knowledge about COVID-19 and only 30 (25.9%) were adequately prepared on provision of maternal care. Having diploma/bachelor level of education (AOR  =  2.62, 95%CI  =  1.08–6.36, p  =  .033), being trained on COVID-19 (AOR  =  3.65, 95%CI  =  1.11–12.00, p  =  .033) and working in urban health facilities (AOR = 3.65, 95%CI  =  1.17–13.98, p  =  .002) were the significant determinants of midwives’ knowledge on COVID-19. Working at a health center (AOR  =  0.19, 95%CI  =  0.03–1.32. p  =  .033), being trained on COVID-19 (AOR  =  0.04, 95%CI  =  0.01–0.14, p  =  .000 and having adequate knowledge on COVID-19 (AOR  =  0.20, 95%CI  =  0.03–1.32, p  =  .032) were determinants of midwives’ preparedness on provision of maternal care.

Conclusion

Knowledge and preparedness in the provision of maternity care during the COVID-19 pandemic were low. Emphasis should be put on training midwives on IPC when providing maternity care. This may help in preventing the spread of infectious diseases including COVID-19 as we observed in the present study.
Nursing Students Perceptions of Using YouTube to Teach Psychomotor Skills: A Comparative Pilot Study
Authors: Burton Richard
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Current techniques to teach psychomotor skills to nursing students involve the traditional modeled performance by an instructor followed by rote memorization and practice. This outdated model presents many issues including no reference to refer back to, lacks technology integration, and only meets a few learning styles. A developmental study utilizing the social media platform YouTube was examined to gain student’s perspective on this as a teaching tool to assist in skill acquisition.

Objective

Do nursing students, who are enrolled in a Bachelor of Science Nursing (BSN) program and who are taught psychomotor nursing skills via demonstration on the social media platform YouTube, prefer this technology to traditional demonstration, and to evaluate their overall perceptions of YouTube?

Methods

Data collection was done utilizing a nursing cohort enrolled in a BSN program. Participants were split into two groups. The control group was taught intravenous (IV) skills in the traditional teacher demonstration followed by practice. Experimental group was given access to a YouTube video series consisting of the identified IV skills. After testing for competency was concluded, control group was given access to the videos. A questionnaire was developed and sent out for evaluation.

Results

Participants reported that their preferred learning style when learning new nursing skills was visual (41.7%) followed by a combination of visual, tactile, and auditory (41.7%). All respondents (100%) reported YouTube videos increased their learning. Respondents (100%) also noted that having access to the videos better prepared them. In experimental group, all participants (100%) watched the videos, and in the control group, only (16.7%) of students watched the videos after the skill had been learned.

Conclusion

Results demonstrated that students prefer YouTube videos when learning new skills. They reported feeling better prepared to learn. YouTube is a potential way to increase skill acquisition and integrate technology into the nursing curriculum.
Understanding Student Behavior With the DISCflex Instrument
Authors: Fertig Jason , Wells Pamela
Published: July 2022

This resource review focuses on the use of the DISCflex instrument in the classroom. While frequently administered in industry, DISC-style instruments are less frequently used in academic contexts, despite a usefulness in clarifying and working with preferred behaviors. This review provides a brief history and description of the DISCflex instrument, guidance for administering the instrument to students, suggestions for its use in teaching, and a comparison to the Everything DiSC [sic], an alternative DISC-style instrument.
Anaplastic Intraventricular Meningioma with Rhabdoid Features: An Unusual Tumor with Usual Clinical Presentation
Authors: Agarwal Preeti , Gupta Nancy , Srivastava Alok , Kumar Madhu , Kumar Suarabh , Srivastava Chhitij
Published: July 2022

Meningiomas are tumors arising from leptomeninges. Malignant counterpart of them is known as anaplastic meningioma which are WHO grade III tumors. Intraventricular location of these tumors is rare and is clinic-radiologically challenging. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry are confirmatory. We present case of a 27-year-old girl, who presented with usual symptoms of intraventricular mass in emergency. After shunt surgery, clinical diagnosis of ependymoma was formed with differential of high-grade glioma. Squash tissue was difficult to crush displaying tight clusters of spindle cells with necrosis in background. Definitive histology revealed high grade spindle cell neoplasm disposed in sheets with brisk and atypical mitosis. Only focal whorling pattern was seen. Large cells with eccentric cytoplasm, reminiscent of rhabdoid cells were also seen. Immunohistochemistry was positive for vimentin and EMA, negative for GFAP. Final diagnosis of Anaplastic meningioma was dispatched. The histological pattern of the present case, young age of presentation and presence of Rhabdoid cells make it unusual. Though rare but intraventricular meningiomas must also be kept in clinical radiological differentials apart from the usual ependymoma at this location.
Olanzapine/Samidorphan: A New Option for the Treatment of Adults With Schizophrenia or Bipolar I Disorder
Authors: Pham Huy , Warlick Halford , Bermudez Ricardo , Nguyen Quan , Rey Jose A.
Published: July 2022

Objective:

To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy and safety data of a combination of olanzapine and samidorphan (OLZ/SAM) for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder, which mitigates the possible unwanted side effects of weight gain associated with olanzapine (OLZ).

Data Sources:

The review was done with a bibliographic survey of studies using MEDLINE/PubMed (January 1999-May 2021) database using the keywords olanzapine and samidorphan. Abstracts, scientific posters, and information from the manufacturer’s product labeling were evaluated for inclusion. Inclusion criteria: phase 2, phase 3, and open-labeled studies that evaluated the use of OLZ/SAM for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder.

Data Synthesis:

We have included one phase 2 dose-ranging exploratory study, two phase 3 efficacy and safety studies, and several open-label extension studies without a comparator. For the treatment of schizophrenia, OLZ/SAM and OLZ alone were analyzed in 2 randomized, double-blind comparison studies of approximately 960 patients. Analysis indicated that OLZ (5-20 mg)/SAM (10 mg) significantly mitigated the side effect of weight gain compared with OLZ alone (control) while maintaining antipsychotic efficacy. For bipolar I disorder, OLZ/SAM was approved as an acute treatment for manic or mixed episodes, as well as an adjunct to valproate or lithium for manic/mixed episodes based on bridging strategy allowed by the Food and Drug Administration.

Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice:

The combination of olanzapine and samidorphan demonstrated efficacy for the treatment of schizophrenia with a dosage range of 5 to 20 mg OLZ to a 10-mg fixed dose of samidorphan. Advantages of this drug combination include once-daily dosing, favorable tolerability, and most importantly, mitigation of weight gain, which may encourage adherence, when compared with OLZ alone.

Conclusion:

The new combination treatment of OLZ/SAM is a unique antipsychotic formulation to provide the recognized efficacious treatment of OLZ, while mitigating the weight gain and possibly the weight-related adverse effects secondary to OLZ monotherapy.
Cardiac cephalalgia: a case series of four patients and updated literature review
Authors: Kobata Hitoshi
Published: July 2022

Background

Cardiac damage is common in patients with acute brain injury; however, little is known regarding cardiac-induced neurological symptoms. In the International Classification of Headache, Third Edition (ICHD-III), cardiac cephalalgia is classified as a headache caused by impaired homeostasis.

Methods

This report presents four patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who presented with headache that fulfilled the ICHD-III diagnostic criteria for cardiac cephalalgia. A systematic review of cardiac cephalalgia using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines is also presented.

Results

Case 1: A 69-year-old man with a history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) developed sudden severe occipital pain, nausea, and cold sweating. Coronary angiography (CAG) revealed occlusion of the right coronary artery (RCA). Case 2: A 66-year-old woman complained of increasing occipitalgia and chest discomfort while riding a bicycle. CAG demonstrated 99% stenosis of the left anterior descending artery. Case 3: A 54-year-old man presented with faintness, cold sweating, and occipitalgia after eating lunch. CAG detected occlusion of the RCA. Case 4: A 72-year-old man went into shock after complaining of a sudden severe headache and nausea. Vasopressors were initiated and emergency CAG was performed, which detected three-vessel disease. In all four, electrocardiography (ECG) showed ST segment elevation or depression and echocardiography revealed a left ventricular wall motion abnormality. All patients underwent PCI, which resulted in headache resolution after successful coronary reperfusion. A total of 59 cases of cardiac cephalalgia were reviewed, including the four reported here. Although the typical manifestation of cardiac cephalalgia is migraine-like pain on exertion, it may present with thunderclap headache without a trigger or chest symptoms, mimicking subarachnoid hemorrhage. ECG may not always show an abnormality. Headaches resolve after successful coronary reperfusion.

Conclusions

Cardiac cephalalgia resulting from AMI can present with or without chest discomfort and even mimic the classic thunderclap headache associated with SAH. It should be recognized as a neurological emergency and treated without delay.
Mixture density networks for the indirect estimation of reference intervals
Authors: Hepp Tobias , Zierk Jakob , Rauh Manfred , Metzler Markus , Seitz Sarem
Published: July 2022

Background

Reference intervals represent the expected range of physiological test results in a healthy population and are essential to support medical decision making. Particularly in the context of pediatric reference intervals, where recruitment regulations make prospective studies challenging to conduct, indirect estimation strategies are becoming increasingly important. Established indirect methods enable robust identification of the distribution of “healthy” samples from laboratory databases, which include unlabeled pathologic cases, but are currently severely limited when adjusting for essential patient characteristics such as age. Here, we propose the use of mixture density networks (MDN) to overcome this problem and model all parameters of the mixture distribution in a single step.

Results

Estimated reference intervals from varying settings with simulated data demonstrate the ability to accurately estimate latent distributions from unlabeled data using different implementations of MDNs. Comparing the performance with alternative estimation approaches further highlights the importance of modeling the mixture component weights as a function of the input in order to avoid biased estimates for all other parameters and the resulting reference intervals. We also provide a strategy to generate partially customized starting weights to improve proper identification of the latent components. Finally, the application on real-world hemoglobin samples provides results in line with current gold standard approaches, but also suggests further investigations with respect to adequate regularization strategies in order to prevent overfitting the data.

Conclusions

Mixture density networks provide a promising approach capable of extracting the distribution of healthy samples from unlabeled laboratory databases while simultaneously and explicitly estimating all parameters and component weights as non-linear functions of the covariate(s), thereby allowing the estimation of age-dependent reference intervals in a single step. Further studies on model regularization and asymmetric component distributions are warranted to consolidate our findings and expand the scope of applications.
lncRNA ACTA2-AS1 predicts malignancy and poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer and regulates tumor progression via modulating miR-532-5p
Authors: Peng Yi , Huang Xiaoxi , Wang Hongmei
Published: July 2022

Background

Dysregulation of ACTA2-AS1 and miR-532-5p and their functions in various cancers have been widely reported. Their potential of serving as biomarkers in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the function of ACTA2-AS1 and miR-532-5p and their potential of serving as biomarkers in TNBC.

Results

The TNBC tissues were collected from 119 patients, where the reduced level of ACTA2-AS1 and increased level of miR-532-5p were observed by PCR and showed a significantly negative correlation (P <  0.001). Both ACTA2-AS1 and miR-532-5p were closely associated with the malignant development and poor prognosis of TNBC patients. Moreover, in TNBC cell, overexpressing ACTA2-AS1 was found to suppress cell proliferation and metastasis, which was reversed by the upregulation of miR-532-5p.

Conclusions

ACTA2-AS1 and miR-532-5p could act as biomarkers of TNBC predicting the progression and prognosis of patients. ACTA2-AS1 served as a tumor suppressor of TNBC which was mediated by miR-532-5p.
Annexin A2 (ANXA2) regulates the transcription and alternative splicing of inflammatory genes in renal tubular epithelial cells
Authors: Chen Jing , Liu Yuwei , Xia Shang , Ye Xujun , Chen Ling
Published: July 2022

Background

Renal inflammation plays a crucial role during the progression of Chronic kidney disease (CKD), but there is limited research on hub genes involved in renal inflammation. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of Annexin A2 (ANXA2), a potential inflammatory regulator, on gene expression in human proximal tubular epithelial (HK2) cells. RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed on ANXA2-knockdown versus control HK2 cells to reveal the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and regulated alternative splicing events (RASEs). Then the DEGs and RASEs were validated by qRT-PCR.

Results

A total of 220 upregulated and 171 downregulated genes related to ANXA2 knockdown were identified. Genes enriched in inflammatory response pathways, such as interferon-mediated signaling, cytokine-mediated signaling, and nuclear factor κB signaling, were under global transcriptional and alternative splicing regulation by ANXA2 knockdown. qRT-PCR confirmed ANXA2-regulated transcription of chemokine gene CCL5, as well as interferon-regulating genes ISG15, IFI6, IFI44, IFITM1, and IRF7, in addition to alternative splicing of inflammatory genes UBA52, RBCK1, and LITAF.

Conclusions

The present study indicated that ANXA2 plays a role in inflammatory response in HK2 cells that may be mediated via the regulation of transcription and alternative splicing of inflammation-related genes.
Genetic and genomic diversity in the sorghum gene bank collection of Uganda
Authors: Chakrabarty Subhadra , Mufumbo Raphael , Windpassinger Steffen , Jordan David , Mace Emma , Snowdon Rod J. , Hathorn Adrian
Published: July 2022

Background

The Plant Genetic Resources Centre at the Uganda National Gene Bank houses has over 3000 genetically diverse landraces and wild relatives of Sorghum bicolor accessions. This genetic diversity resource is untapped, under-utilized, and has not been systematically incorporated into sorghum breeding programs. In this study, we characterized the germplasm collection using whole-genome SNP markers (DArTseq). Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) was implemented to study the racial ancestry of the accessions in comparison to a global sorghum diversity set and characterize the sub-groups present in the Ugandan (UG) germplasm.

Results

Population structure and phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of five subgroups among the Ugandan accessions. The samples from the highlands of the southwestern region were genetically distinct as compared to the rest of the population. This subset was predominated by the caudatum race and unique in comparison to the other sub-populations. In this study, we detected QTL for juvenile cold tolerance by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) resulting in the identification of 4 markers associated (−log10p > 3) to survival under cold stress under both field and climate chamber conditions, located on 3 chromosomes (02, 06, 09). To our best knowledge, the QTL on Sb09 with the strongest association was discovered for the first time.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates how genebank genomics can potentially facilitate effective and efficient usage of valuable, untapped germplasm collections for agronomic trait evaluation and subsequent allele mining. In face of adverse climate change, identification of genomic regions potentially involved in the adaptation of Ugandan sorghum accessions to cooler climatic conditions would be of interest for the expansion of sorghum production into temperate latitudes.
Opioid-free anesthesia compared to opioid anesthesia for laparoscopic radical colectomy with pain threshold index monitoring: a randomized controlled study
Authors: An Guangquan , Wang Guiying , Zhao Bingsha , Zhang Xiaoying , Li Zhihan , Fu Jianfeng , Zhao Xuelian
Published: July 2022

Background

Few studies have investigated the depth of intraoperative analgesia with non-opioid anesthesia. This study evaluated whether opioid-free anesthesia can provide an effective analgesia-antinociception balance monitored by the / pain threshold index in laparoscopic radical colectomy.

Methods

We enrolled 102 patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colectomy with general anesthesia. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups to receive opioid-free anesthesia (group OFA) with dexmedetomidine (loading dose with 0.6 μg·kg−1 for 10 min and then 0.5 μg·kg−1·h−1 continuous infusion) and sevoflurane plus bilateral paravertebral blockade (0.2 μg·kg−1 dexmedetomidine and 0.5% ropivacaine 15 ml per side) or opioid-based anesthesia (group OA) with remifentanil, sevoflurane, and bilateral paravertebral blockade (0.5% ropivacaine 15 ml per side). The primary outcome variable was pain intensity during the operation, as assessed by the pain threshold index with the multifunction combination monitor HXD- I. Results were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and Student’s t-test. The secondary outcomes were wavelet index, lactic levels, and blood glucose concentration during the operation. The visual analog scale (VAS), rescue analgesic consumption, and side-effects of opioids after surgery were further assessed.

Results

One hundred and one patients were included in the analysis. Analysis revealed that the intraoperative pain threshold index readings were not significantly different between the groups from incision to the end of the operation (P = 0.06). Furthermore, similar changes in the brain wavelet index readings were observed in the OFA and OA groups. There was no statistical difference in VAS scores between the groups (P > 0.05); however, non-opioid anesthesia did reduce the rescue analgesic consumption after operation (P < 0.05). In the OFA group, the blood glucose levels increased by 20% compared to baseline and were significantly higher than those in the OA group (P < 0.001). The incidences of postoperative nausea and vomiting, urine retention, intestinal paralysis and pruritus were not significantly different from those in the OA group (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

This study suggests that compared to the opioid anesthesia regimen, our opioid-free anesthesia regimen achieved an equally effective intraoperative pain threshold index in laparoscopic radical colectomy. The incidence of opioid-related adverse reactions was not different between regimens, and intraoperative blood glucose levels were higher with opioid-free anesthesia.

Trial registration

ChiCTR1900021223, 02/02/2019, Title: " Opioid-free anesthesia in laparoscopic surgery: a randomized controlled trial ". Website: hppts://www.chictr.ogr.cn