bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Building: To Achieve Thermal Comfort in Highly Glazed Buildings Using Smart Glass
Authors: Taher Reem , Abdelkader Walid Abdelmoneim , Fahim Ahmed A.Medhat A.
Published: December 2022

The conventional building design provides static solutions for the building envelope, although climatic characteristics are variable parameters, which leads to a discrepancy between building and environment, and hence an uncomfortable thermal environment for occupants. Accordingly, the external facades of many conventional buildings have become a thermal burden on their occupants, necessitating mechanical solutions to achieve thermal comfort, which negatively affects the environment and causes energy crisis, air pollution, and global warming.

It is hypothesized that the usage of smart glass in the building envelope can provide optimum solutions to adapt buildings to the variable climatic and environmental characteristics, thus enhancing the users' thermal comfort and, moreover, contributing to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which seek to improve health, tackle climate change, and responsible energy consumption. This is approved by simulating a high-glazed office building using DesignBuilder software in its base case and after applying the proposed smart glass techniques. Then cooling loads are calculated to investigate energy consumption efficiency.
Child Friendly City as a Participatory approach to enhance sustainable development: Case of Mingdong Community, Ningbo.
Authors: Elkhouly Aya
Published: December 2022

The aim of this paper is to introduce a model in children active participation mythologies in the community design process. It is divided in to three parts in addition to the introduction and conclusion. the first part is literature review introducing children, the Child friendly urban planning as a concept, children participation approaches, and sustainable development. The second part is the methodological approach proposed by author to reach a prototype model for children participation in community design process. The third part is presenting model empirical application on Ningbo china followed by discussion and conclusion parts. The prototype model was developed during YPPs workshop conducted by ISOCARP in Ningbo 2019. The YPP workshop presented an initial step to encourage child friendly Urbanism and shape their knowledge. The model combined child rights and sustainable urban development by answering three questions: How do the younger generations experience and perceive the city? How may Mingdong be imagined as a community that welcomes children? How should you proceed? The case study presented a testing ground for the task of enhancing Community children to participate actively and be core of development process during all phases.
Social Sustainability in Residential Communities “The Quality of Life through Users’ Behavioral Attitudes”
Authors: Abbas E
Published: December 2022

This study investigated the quality of life (QoL) in residential communities through residentsʼ behaviors and how it could affect the social sustainability of the urban environment. Four aspects have been discussed; opportunities and constraints, Land use encroachment, satisfaction, and models of relations between users and their urban environment.

A convenient sample of subjects has been chosen, and the merging method “Swapping tools and attitudes” has been chosen to apply its procedures in the fieldwork of the selected case studies. The determined indicators have been evaluated in each case study, and a comparison has been held to evaluate the findings of each setting. The selected case studies are;

• Al Rehab City, New Cairo.

• Zeinhom Residences, El Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo.

Perceived barriers were found to have direct and indirect effects on human well-being. Recognition of the differential roles played by environmental attributes, residentsʼ satisfaction, and use patterns can guide planners and designers to create outdoor spaces that enhance urban residentsʼ wellbeing.
Towards A New Scenario for Sustainable Coastal Tourism “The role of the Internet of Things (IoT) application for Smart Sustainable Destination”
Authors: Abbas E
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates an analytical study about the impact of applying the Internet of Things (IoT) as a smart management approach on enhancing the sustainability of tourism destinations and its foreseeable future evolution as a smart management approach. The idea that develop such smart technologies can be a promising approach that different destinations can adopt to solve some of current tourism’s challenges and its negative impact on the urban environment especially coastal sensitive environment. Therefore, the study used the Delphi technique to determine the opinions of experts regarding the smart tourism destination approach and new management tools; their advantages, limitations, and expected effects on the management process, in addition to the marketing and branding of coastal tourism destinations. This anticipative analysis highlights the potentials of the impact of IoT in the coming years, which could help in identifying the substantive elements that could shape this future scenario of destination management, by building a bridge between scientific knowledge and practical development plans, and how a systematic model for smart destinations can facilitate the management process for stakeholders.
Characteristics Motorcycle Taxi and the Effect on Farmers
Authors: Hakzah  , Yusuf Syarifuddin , Pawelloi A Irmayani , Kurniawan
Published: December 2022

Agricultural products in Sidenreng Rappang, South Sulawesi, Indonesia were abundant, the road infrastructure was not good and the farmers used existing modes of transportation. The purpose of the study is to determine the characteristics of farmers, operators and motorcycle taxis as well as farmer satisfaction. The survey research uses primary data based on interview surveys in May – June 2021. The analysis was a simple regression using the SPSS application. The results showed farmers: 93% male, main occupation 87% farmer, ownership of land area 63% one to above 5 Ha, education level 31% was the diploma, 63% completed junior high school and school upper middle. Operator: 100% male, 99% side job, 100% own vehicle. Income during harvest season, 77% IDR 200,000 – IDR 300,000/day. The results of the analysis of the service quality variable for motorcycle taxis provide a significant level of satisfaction for farmers.
Optimization of Self-Healing Concrete Parameters using Experimental Design Taguchi Method
Authors: Abdurrahman D , Putra H
Published: December 2022

The development of self-healing concrete (SHC) is intensively implemented to improve stability and reduce maintenance costs. However, the experiments require many parameter variations, increasing the cost. Taguchi methods are used in experimental design to obtain variations of the optimal parameters and reduce the cost of the experiment. The stages of this study are secondary data collection of the increase of compressive strength, testing Taguchi methods, determining contribution parameters using ANOVA, and developing the estimated model. The parameters analyzed consist of the type, the concentration, the application of bacteria, and the curing time conducted as experimental analysis of 2, 3, and 4 parameters. The results of the parameter analysis using the Taguchi have optimal variation results in a row Bacillus subtilis, 105 cells /ml, encapsulation methods, and 28 days. Bacterial concentrations have a very significant value with contributions of 82.94%, 78.90%, and 74.36% in the analysis of 2, 3, and 4 parameters, respectively. The slightest error value was obtained in the analysis of the 3-parameter experiment with a value of 2.99%. SHC modelling obtained two equations consisting of direct mixing and encapsulation, which have a coefficient of determination of 0.89 and 0.82.
Sustainable Construction Framework Model on Development of Likupang Special Economic Zone
Authors: Pangemanan Daisy , Latief R. U. , Hamzah S.
Published: December 2022

Infrastructure development must pay attention to basic aspects such as technical and social infrastructure. A special approach is needed to achieve sustainable development that adopts three main pillars in infrastructure development such as economic, environmental and social disparities. The absence of a holistic sustainable construction model requires a comprehensive solution by conducting an in-depth study to formulate the right model in implementing sustainable construction. The aim of this study is to build a holistic sustainable construction proposal model, which is expected to be a standard model so that it can be a guidance for stakeholders in implementing Sustainable Construction in the Likupang special economic zone (SEZ). This study used a quantitative method by structural equation modeling (SEM), as a multivariate analysis technique to examine the relation between complex variables and to obtain a comprehensive picture of the entire model. The sample used was 80 respondents. The results of this study indicate that the model built 56.8% has been fit and ready to be implemented. The results also show that economic and government factors have a positive and significant impact on sustainable construction. This study concludes that the model built is good and can be implemented in the Likupang SEZ.
Effect of eucalyptus pellita timber-pvd hybrid pile as a vertical drain on soft soil.
Authors: Suyadi  , Harianto Tri , Muhiddin A B , Arsyad A
Published: December 2022

The innovative technique of a hybrid PVD timber pile as a vertical drain can be implemented to reinforce and improve soft soil. In this case, the acceleration of pore water dissipation could increase shear strength. The at soil of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a hybrid eucalyptus pellita-PVD timber pile as a vertical drain. The test method applied is a laboratory model test, consisting of the installation of a hybrid pile on soft soil in a rectangular pattern with a spacing of 10 cm. Then by a static loading test was subjected on soft soil with an initial load of 10 kg and subsequent loads of 20 kg and 40 kg. Daily dial monitoring of the increase in pore water dissipation was performed during the preloading test. The results show that the hybrid pile could accelerate the process of pore water dissipation to the surface compared to using timber piles alone. The increase of soil density before and after the loading indicated that the hybrid piles enhanced the density by 3.9%, whereas the reinforcement using only timber pile just increased by 2.4%.
Study on the Implementation of the Combination of 2 BIM and ERP Systems to Improve Project Cost Estimation Accuracy at the Auction Stage
Authors: Pudael Ispandi , Latief Rusdi Usman , Burhanuddin Syarif
Published: December 2022

This study aims to obtain a process flow model of an organizational function that functions effectively in increasing the accuracy of project cost estimates at the auction stage by including implementation elements from a combination of 2 BIM and ERP systems in it. The location of the research was carried out in a state-owned contractor company, namely PT. Nindya Karya (Persero). This state-owned company has used ERP and BIM in its business processes. The methodology used in this study is a questionnaire-based primary data research where data relating to the development of process flow involving BIM and ERP elements in it have been collected from the Estimating department unit in the company PT. Nindya Karya. The questionnaire was developed to evaluate the importance of implementing BIM and ERP in improving the accuracy of cost estimation identified through responses obtained from the respondents to the questionnaire survey. The research data are then processed using Flow chart analysis techniques. The results of the study obtained that the process flow model of the estimating department of PT. Nindya Karya has currently implemented BIM in the tender calculation process, but has not involved ERP elements. The final result of drawing conclusions in this study is in the form of a workflow flowchart or process flow from the estimating department which in the process involves 2 BIM and ERP systems.
The Effect of Binder Types of Strengthening Panel for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Beams
Authors: Irmawaty R , Fakhruddin  , Muthmainnah
Published: December 2022

This paper presents the shear behavior, crack patterns, and failure modes of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with geopolymer and Portland cement mortar panels. The specimens were prepared in the form of geopolymer and Portland cement mortar panels with a size of 300 mm x 700 mm, each consisting of 4 pieces. The reinforced concrete beams specimen were produced with dimension of 150 mm x 300 mm x 2300 mm and static monotonic loading test was carried out. To ensure the strength of the geopolymer and concrete used is in based on the target, a compressive strength test is carried out at the age of 28 days, with 3 samples each. According to the results of the loading test of reinforced concrete beams, the maximum load on the beam strengthed with geopolymer and Portland cement mortar panels increased by 34.98% and 29.54%, respectively, compared to the control beam. The addition of panels to reinforced concrete beams causes it’s behavior to change, becoming more ductile. This also has an impact on the crack patterns and failure modes. CB beams experience shear failure, which is indicated by the appearance of diagonal cracks along the shear area to the point of loading, whereas mortar panel reinforced beams experience flexural failure.
Deterministic and probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessments for Merangin Kerinci Sumatera
Authors: Arsyad Ardy , Muhiddin Akhmad Bakri , Maricar Farouk
Published: December 2022

This paper presents calculated ground motions for Merangin Kerinci in the Provinsi of Jambi Sumatera. The ground motions were calculated using a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. The earthquake catalogue used in the analysis included all recorded earthquakes up to the end of July 2019, trimmed for magnitude completeness. Uncertainty in input parameters was considered using a logic tree, with branches including shallow crustal faults of the Great Sumatran Faults and Sumatera Megathrust Subduction. Ground motions are presented for the local site conditions, measured at those sites which can be classified as Site Class D/C (stiff soil to Soft Rock/Very Dense Soil). Ground motions, including Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), and spectral accelerations at periods ranging from 0.1 s to 10.0s were calculated the site. Data are presented for return periods of 175 years, 475 years, 2,500 years, 5,000 years, and 10,000 years for PSHA, and at mean, 50th, and 84th percentile confidence levels for DSHA. Compared to the Indonesian Seismic Hazard Map (ISHM) 2017 (at DSHA at 5% damping and 84th Percentile), the deterministic PGA values calculated in this study are relatively closed, which is accounted for 0.58g found in this study compared to the range of 0.6g – 0.7 in the ISHM 2017. On the other hand, the probabilistic PGA values for a particular of 5,000 years return period (SEE), the PGA values found in this assessment is 0.73g which is lower than the range of 0.8g – 0.9g in the ISHM 2017.
Evaluating the Non-Erodible Cement-Bentonite Barrier Material Samples via Hole Erosion Test Apparatus
Authors: Walenna M A , Royal A , Jefferson I , Ghataora G
Published: December 2022

Because of the damage that dams, levees, and other water-retaining structures cause, their failure has long been a source of concern. Despite the limitations of the testing apparatus (e.g., HET) used to study barrier material erodibility, they are still widely used. In previous studies, there was very little discussion of the hydraulic parameters (e.g., fluid pressure, flow rate, etc.) obtained from the HET test, particularly how they relate to the varying eroded hole. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to look into that aspect of the relationship as well as the practical aspects of the HET apparatus that must be considered. Fluctuations in pressure and flow rate data collected during testing were the primary issue discovered. The noise from the pump machinery caused the data collected to fluctuate within a specific range, but the fluctuations were controlled and consistent. Throughout the test, the pressure recorded fluctuated ± 10 kPa below the target pressure, while the flow rate fluctuated approximately 0.3 L/min. The test was performed on a smooth-surfaced, uniform-diameter hole; however, this is not always the case for holes in eroded samples. The non-uniform surface can affect the friction between the eroded surface and the eroding fluid, which in turn affects the pressure loss across the erosion pipe. A non-invasive measurement method for determining the diameter of an eroded hole is suggested for future research, and this study provided an empirical relationship between pressure difference, flow rate, and eroded hole diameter. Despite the limitations, the results provided an overview of the expected fluctuation range from the apparatus as well as the relationship between hydraulic parameters.
Shear Strength Characteristics of Stabilized Sedimentary Soil with Bacillus Subtilis Bacteria
Authors: Harianto T , Walenna M.A. , Torano M. C. P. A.
Published: December 2022

Sedimentary soils are formed from deposits resulting from weathering of rocks through natural processes. One way to increase the bearing capacity of sedimentary soil is by stabilizing it. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in the mixture of Bacillus Subtilis bacteria on the characteristics of sedimentary soils and to determine the effect of the curing period on the shear strength of the sediment stabilized by Bacillus subtilis bacteria. Based on the results of physical properties testing, the original soil was classified as ML, which is silt with low plasticity based on the USCS classification system, and classified as soil group A-4, namely silty soil according to the AASHTO classification system. The addition of Bacillus Subtilis bacteria mixed with urea and CaCl2 was proven to increase the value of shear stress, cohesion, and shear angle of the soil. The addition of Bacillus Subtilis with a mixture of urea and CaCl2 to the sedimentary soil accompanied by a curing period was shown to increase the shear stress at the percentage of adding stabilizing agent 8% from 1.25 kg/cm2, 1.45 kg/cm2, and 1.77 kg/cm2 at the beginning to 1.73 kg/cm2, 2.09 kg/cm2, and 2.39 kg/cm2 at 28 days of curing, with an average increase of 35 percent. The cohesion value continued to increase from the initial value of 0.72 kg/cm2 to 1.57 kg/cm2 at 28 days of curing, resulting in an increase in cohesion value of 118 percent. For the value of the shear angle in the soil, there was an increase from the original soil shear angle value of 22° to 31° in a mixture of 8% bacteria with a curing period of 28 days so that there was an increase in the value of the shear angle by 40 percent.
Analysis of Motorized Vehicles Performance at Signalized Intersections Based on Micro Simulation
Authors: Aly S H , Martono S , Harusi N M R
Published: December 2022

Based on microsimulation, this study analyses the performance and behavior of motorized vehicles at the signalized intersection between the railway line and Ahmad Yani road-Jemursari road. For the survey of the volume of motorized vehicles, this intersection is divided into four intersections with eight directions of traffic movement and one direction of combined traffic movement. Microsimulation was carried out using Vissim software with nine parameters calibrated according to actual conditions during the peak hour observation period. The maximum queue length and motor vehicle delays for the peak hour observation period occur at intersections one in the north and two in the east. Performance of the intersection of Jl. Ahmad Yani-Jl. Jemursari is included in category F. The indicator F are traffic jams, low vehicle speeds, long queues, and vehicle delays. The following study of this paper is to make a geometric model of the intersection into a Fly Over model.
Structural Settlement Evaluation of Low-Crested Breakwaters Made of Geotextile Tubes
Authors: Sulaiman Dede M. , Rimawan Ririn , Tanjung Mahdi Ibrahim , Samskerta I Putu
Published: December 2022

One of the efforts to improve successful in handling coastal erosion is to develop a coastal protection structure to be called as PEGAR, an acronym of Pemecah Gelombang Ambang Rendah or Low-Crested Breakwater (hereinafter referred to as LCB). The use of geotextile tubes filled with sand in LCB construction has been widely practiced since 2010. LCBs play a role in breaking waves and dampening their energy before reaching the coast. The breaking of the waves generates a rotating current behind the structure which results in the deposition of sediment supplied through the crest of the structure and longshore drift. Subsequent sedimentation processes produce sedimentary deposits and forms new shorelines (salient) and even forms tombolo. Through these two sediment supplies, natural sand filling and beach widening can take less than one season.

However, from the experience of applying LCBs in the field, there are several LCBs that experience structural degradation. In addition, it even subsided after several years of operation which resulted in a decline in its function as a coastal protection. Evaluations and suggestions for improving a more stable and durable low-crested structure are given in this paper.
Disaster Mitigation of Slum-Scale Fires in Jongaya Village at Tamalate
Authors: Arifin M , Wunas S , Sastrawati I , Osman W , Lakatupa G , Mandasari J , Umar
Published: December 2022

There are exactly about 834 fire cases occurred in Makassar City during 2016 to 2020. Tamalate Subdistrict being one of several subdistricts get the highest number of fire cases which was about 108 cases. The worst fire cases occurred in Jongaya Village around 2021. The fire caused the damage of 110 houses. Mitigation efforts are needed to prevent similar events from occurring. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of risk fire disaster and formulate fire disaster mitigation directions that are in accordance with the characteristics of the residential environment at the research site. The analytical techniques used are qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis, spatial, and scoring. The results showed that the study site was included high density with a density 92.24 buildings per hectare. The level of fire disaster risk is dominated by buildings with a classification of high fire risk (67%). Mitigation directive efforts are focused on location directions for the placement of portable fire pumps and fire engines, directions for the location of water filling of fire trucks, as well as directions for circulation of evacuation routes and temporary gathering points.
Point load test method for prediction strength of sustainable mortar made from blended cement and fly ash
Authors: Maysyurah A , Caronge M A
Published: December 2022

Fly ash (FA) is a by-product of power plants where a number of serious efforts in the field of sustainable building materials have spawned a recycling method in the form of cementitious material containing FA as raw material, including blended cement. The contribution of blended cement to producing sustainable mortar is presented in this study. The FA at a percentage of 10% to 30% by weight of cement is used instead of blended cement in the manufacture of mortar. The results of the point load strength index (PLSI) at the age of 7 days the percentages of FA-0, FA-10, FA-20, and FA-30 were 0.58, 0.46, 0.41, 0.41 N/mm2 and at the age of 28 days were 0.88, 0.85, 0.79, and 0.78 N/mm2 respectively, indicating that the mortar produced with blended cement and FA is carried the point loads well because it has stiffness and adequate robustness. The contrast test with available methods verifies that PLSI offers an alternative to compressive test and it has high accuracy. The point load test method can be used to predict the strength of mortar produced of blended cement and FA.
Analysis of confined masonry with strengthening around the opening
Authors: Budiwati I A M , Sukrawa M , Wirasukma I G A D
Published: December 2022

Analysing confined masonry (CM) with strengthening around the opening (analytical model) was conducted numerically. The opening variations were centric and eccentric opening doors with an opening ratio of 16.93% and 31.75%; centric and eccentric opening windows with opening ratios of 10.16% and 19.05%. This analysis aims to apply the procedure for analysing the CM models by using layered shell elements and also comparing the behaviour and performance of each model. The masonry and frames were modelled using layered shell elements in SAP2000 software and analysis were done by using nonlinear static pushover analysis. This analysis starts by making a validation model based on other experimental work and comparing the behaviour of the structure modelled in the form of CM without openings and CM with openings. The results show that both models have load-displacement diagrams similar to the experimental results. By using the same modelling method applied to the analytical model, it was found that CM with large opening ratios have less strength than small opening ratios, and CM with centric openings was more robust than the eccentric openings.
Analysis of Response and Performance of Bugis-Makassar Stilt House Structures Using Pushover Analysis
Authors: Aryadi A. , Kahar M. A. , Mardiana R.
Published: December 2022

South Sulawesi is one of the areas prone to earthquakes. The Walanae Fault extends from the Makassar Strait to the Bone Bay. This fault stretches along the Walanae River and passes through the districts of Pinrang, Sidrap, Bone, to the Gulf of Bone. The structure of the stilt house is one that is earthquake resistant because it does not directly receive earthquake energy. Traditional techniques on the structure of houses on stilts in Bima district for earthquake resistance researched by Agus Hariyanto, Sugeng Tiyadi, and Andy Widyowijatnoko, stated that the local structural technique, namely pa’a which was empirically developed by the community over the years can reduce the vulnerability of houses. against earthquakes. This technique turns out to have similarities with the framework of the Bugis-Makassar stilt structure, which is classified as a rigid joint truss system. The purpose of this study was to determine the response and performance of the Bugis-Makassar stilt house structure in the Bone region which represents a high level of earthquake risk. The analysis was carried out on the structure of a Bugis stilt house in Bone using the ETABS v.20 program to obtain the response and performance of the structure. The results of the structural response from the study indicate the value of the lateral deviation of the floor. The Bone region has a floor lateral deviation of 3.64 mm and 6.45 mm for the X and Y directions. Based on the pushover analysis, the structure performance level has a B performance level for the Bone Region.
Knowledge Development on Urban Public Transportation Concepts: A Literature Study in Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Raharjo Efendhi Prih , Sarjana Sri
Published: December 2022

Urban public transportation (UPT) is the development of public transportation systems in urban areas by optimizing resources and infrastructure that are integrated with each other by adopting environmentally friendly technologies to create a sustainable city. Urban public transportation is important to be developed through the differentiation of knowledge and technology which refers to development of metropolitan cities as a benchmark in supporting sustainable development. Qualitative research using bibliometric analysis as a meta-analysis study was developed to analyze the research theme. The scientific literature analyzed came from journal publications published from 1966-2020. The results of analysis state that significant increase the themes studied occurred in the last two periods with priority topics including sustainable transportation, service quality, air pollution, bus rapid transit, and light rail transit. New topics that have not been widely researched need to be strengthened in their analysis through the development of knowledge and technology to produce a sustainable transportation system.
Analysis of noise level characteristics on Jalan Metro in Makassar city
Authors: Hustim M , Bungawali N , Adisasmitha S A , Alimuddin H , Zakaria A
Published: December 2022

One of the main collector routes in Makassar that connecting Makassar City and Gowa Regency, is Jalan Metro. The development of transportation in Makassar City caused higher level of noise which coming from transportation. Noise from vehicles is one of the environmental problems on this area. The disruption of public comfort and communication problems are both impacted by the noise from vehicles. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the noise characteristics and level on Jalan Metro.

Quantitative research was used in this study. There were 14 sampling points which were the data was collected for 12 hours from 07.00 - 18.00 WITA in every 10 minutes to represent hourly measurements. The data was analyzed by LAeq calculation analysis and Paired Sample T-Test by using SPSS program.

Noise level in this study were found to be fluctuated in all sampling points. This result might be attributed by vehicles volume, vehicle speed, and amount of horns. The results of the analysis show LAeq Day noise level value on Jalan Metro section has exceeded noise level quality standard required by KepMenLH No. 48 Tahun 1996. The maximum LAeq Day value is 78.23 dB at R2 and the minimum LAeq Day is 72.16 dB at R12. In addition, a comparison of the measurement results with Pedoman PU No. 13/2003 concerning the maximum and minimum limits of Leq10 and LAeq was also carried out.
Application of Cation Resin Regeneration for Ferrous (Fe2+) and Manganese (Mn2+) Removal from Shallow Groundwater using Packed-Bed Column with Thomas Model
Authors: Mangarengi N A P , Abdullah N O , Fisu A F
Published: December 2022

One of the factors influencing freshwater contamination is caused by pollutants and organic matter from anthropogenic activities. The appearance of ferrous and manganese metal ions in water systems, especially in shallow groundwater, has become a significant problem. When reacted in the air, an extreme amount of metal ferrous may cause turbidness and severe odor, particularly carrying a dark-brown color to fabrics. Water distribution can also easily be obstructed by iron bacteria in the pipes. It is similar to iron, and manganese has a detrimental effect on the natural environment, human hygiene, and sanitation. The higher influent ferrous and manganese concentration led to the adsorption process getting saturated quicker and a steeper breakthrough curve. The saturation time (ttotal) of the adsorption for ferrous concentration decreased from 430 minute (2 mg/l) to 420 minute (4 mg/l) to 380 minute (6 mg/l) with the elevation of Fe2+ influent concentration. In comparison, the saturation time for manganese concentration dropped from 463 minute (2 mg/l) to 460 minute (4 mg/l) to 420 minute (6 mg/l). Ferrous adsorption capacity (qeq) grew between 0.0046 mg/g and 0.0838 mg/g, followed by a growth in influent concentration. It is similar to manganese. The adsorption performace raised between 0.0216 mg/g and 0.109 mg/g. The Thomas model’s R Square (R2) indicates a better fitting (0.788 – 0.8922) with field data.
Utilization of Solid Waste PT Semen Bosowa as Zeolite for Industrial Waste Water in South Sulawesi
Authors: Abdullah N O , Safruddim  , Tumpu M
Published: December 2022

One of the major industries in Eastern Indonesia engaged in manufacturing is PT Semen Bosowa. In the process of processing cement raw materials there are several stages, one of the stages in the process is the mixing process that occurs in the Raw Grinding Mill section. In addition to grinding or smoothing the cement raw material, it also serves as a material dryer. Some residual material is wasted during the process as solid waste and cannot be processed again so that it will have an impact on the environment. so it needs further handling so as not to cause environmental problems. One of the efforts that can be made is to utilize solid waste material as a zeolite replacement adsorbent. The material has a composition similar to zeolite. This study aims to determine the effect of PT Semen Bosowa solid waste as a zeolite substitute on reducing the TDS, BOD, and COD values of industrial wastewater. The method used in the research, namely the wastewater sample is put into the reservoir (tub I), then flowed continuously into tub II which is filled with solid waste material as zeolite. The sampling technique is carried out after the wastewater flows from tub II then collected in a storage container and ready to be analyzed for TDS, BOD, and COD parameters of wastewater. The amount of TDS, BOD and COD reduction from PT Semen Bosowa laboratory wastewater after going through zeolite adsorbent was 3.79%, 58.33%, and 58.35%, respectively.
The Patommo-Sidrap Landfill Lifespan Estimation
Authors: Lando Asiyanthi Tabran , Djamaluddin Abdul Rahman , Arifin Abdul Nasser , Aprianto Imam
Published: December 2022

Sidenreng Rappang (Sidrap) Regency has a landfill called the Patommo landfill, which has implemented a sanitary landfill model. Patommo landfill is located in Patommo Hamlet, Arawa Village, Watang Pulu District, Sidrap Regency, approximately ± 3 Km from Lawawoi, the capital of Watang Pulu District, and ± 10 Km from Pangkajene, the capital of this regency. This landfill has adequate facilities and infrastructure as a sanitary landfill. The waste transported to the landfill is managed in five stages: weighing, demolition, distribution, solidification, and covering the waste with soil. This study focuses on the lifespan of the Patommo landfill in the Sidrap district. The lifespan is obtained by calculating the amount of total waste per year, waste density, waste volume, and the prediction of the amount of waste in the future based on population growth. This research takes reference data from 2016, which will be compared with current conditions. The results of analyzing data obtained the average value of the waste density of Sidrap District is 1379.51 kg/m3. Therefore, the volume of waste entering the Patommo landfill is 47,395.95 m3. The total volume of landfill capacity is 1,708,737.64 m3, with a volume for soil cover of 624,300.64 m3, and the waste volume is 1,084,447 m3. Estimating the lifespan of the Patommo landfill without reduction efforts is 17 years or will be full in 2033, while the estimation of lifespan with reduction efforts is 32 years or will be full in 2048.
Analysis of NO2 gas concentration from the transportation sector through direct measurement and the Caline 4 dispersion program on the Makassar City Toll Road
Authors: Zakaria R , Ramli M I , Hustim M , Alimuddin H , Pratiwi Anisah
Published: December 2022

Makassar as a developing city is experiencing development from the transportation sector. This resulted in the increasing number of vehicles. The increase in the number of vehicles produces emissions that cause air pollution, including NO2 emissions from motor vehicles. Currently NO2 concentration can be determined by direct measurement using the Gries Saltman method and pollutant prediction using the Caline program. This research was conducted on the Makassar city toll road which is divided into nine sample points. This study aims to determine the level of NO2 concentration from the transportation sector on the Makassar city toll road. Concentration results from direct measurements and predictions of caline are compared to show the level of concentration present. The results of the NO2 concentration are still below the threshold value that has been set in the latest applicable regulations, which is 200 g/Nm3 with a measurement time of 1 hour. The high or low value of NO2 concentration is influenced by the vehicle volume factor, where the NO2 concentration increases along with the increase in vehicle volume. In addition, it is also influenced by meteorological factors. Based on the results of the Caline-4 software output, the results obtained from the distribution of NO2 concentrations at each receptor found on the Toll Road in Makassar City, it can be stated that it is still below the threshold value set in the latest applicable regulations, which is 200 g/Nm3 with time measurement for one hour.
Concrete Pile Defect Identification: Insights from Cross-Hole Sonic Logging and High Strain Dynamic Pile Test
Authors: Ly Chungyean , Eng Chandoeun , Heng Muoy Yi , Yos Phanny
Published: December 2022

This paper aims to identify the types of defects, location of defects, size of defects, and capacity of five concrete piles using a High strain dynamic pile test and Cross-hole sonic logging test. In this study, Cross-Hole Sonic Logging method (CSL) is a potent quality-control tool that exclusively detects much smaller flaws with high accuracy with utilizing velocity and first arrival time (FAT) from ultrasonic waves to find out the integrity of the drill shaft. From CSL test, the bearing capacity needs to be calculated manually using a waterfall diagram and soil profile. Moreover, the high strain dynamic pile test is used to identify integrity and bearing capacity of concrete pile via resistance analysis down to the pile and split of the base to shaft resistance when only pile head measurements are taken then using Case Method and CAPWAP analysis. Through this analysis, the bearing capacity can be interpreted; the Belta (damage factor) is applied to estimate location and size of the defect in the concrete pile. Based on the result of CLS test for three concrete piles, P01, P04, and P10, indicated that P01 and P04 are “Good” pile integrity with the bearing capacity of 4583kN and 6600kN, while P10 showed as “Potential defect at depth 9.25m to 10.25m” of pile integrity with bearing capacity of 6600kN. Furthermore, High strain dynamic pile test of two concrete piles, P2E and P2P, showed that the integrity category is “Ok” with bearing capacity 9896kN.
Study of Yeh Embang Watershed Characteristics for Sustainable Water Management
Authors: Eryani I Gusti Agung Putu , Jayantari Made Widya , Artana I Nyoman Nuri
Published: December 2022

One of Bali’s perennial watershed that is experiencing the effects of climate change is the Yeh Embang Watershed. If it is not managed holistically, the sustainability of the current water availability will be impacted. This research will analyse the Yeh Embang Watershed’s characteristics in order to evaluate the watershed’s condition and decide how to manage the sustainability of the water resources. For this research, topographic information, boundary maps of the Yeh Embang watershed, maps of river network, maps of land use, and maps of soil types were all used. The appropriate sustainable management for Yeh Embang Watershed should be determined based on the characteristic. According to the characteristics of the Yeh Embang Watershed, integrated management from upstream to downstream be necessary for the watershed to be managed sustainably. In the upstream area, it is hoped that the forest will be protected by forest conservation to reduce the risk of erosion that could lead to flash floods, and the downstream portion of the Yeh Embang watershed will be structured to prevent flooding from harming the surrounding area. Infiltration wells can be used as a water-saving measure in residential areas in the Yeh Embang watershed to increase the amount of water that is absorbed and lessen surface runoff.
Sengkang City Runoff Management in Primary Drainage Channels with One Dimensional SWMM model
Authors: idris M , Lopa R T , Karamma R , Maricar F
Published: December 2022

The main problem in Sengkang City is the occurrence of flood with a height between 0,5 to 1 m in the city center which is an economic area, these is visually caused by the insufficient capacity of the drainage channel to drain runoff water. Topographically, the economic center of Sengkang city is a basin area which is the downstream part of 4 primary channels, namely channels A, B, C, and D. The purpose of this study was to analyze the existing conditions of inundation and volumes and to make modification plans to reduce the area and volume of flooding in Sengkang City. In this study, topographic measurements, data on channel cross-sectional conditions and elevations were carried out as well as data collection on rainfall and land use to be used as input data for the rainfall-runoff SWMM simulation that was appropriate and under existing conditions. Simulations were carried out using rainfall intensity 5-year and 10-year return periods and modifications were made to an additional storage capacity of 2.000 m3 in primary channel A. From the simulation results, the flood volume for 5-year return periods (R5) of 96.375m3 (11 inundation areas), 10-year return periods (R10) of 148.901 m3 (12 inundation areas), and modification of 10-year return periods (R10) of 43.990 m3 (9 inundation areas) with a percentage decrease of 70,46% and reduce of 3 inundation areas.
The Effect of Climate Changes on Sediment Concentration in the Saddang Irrigation Area
Authors: Syamsuddin G H , Pallu M Saleh , Maricar F , Bakri B.
Published: December 2022

Saddang irrigation area does not get water evenly this is due to, among other things, the condition of the network experiencing a decrease in capacity. The decrease in capacity was caused by sedimentation at the bottom of the channel and the condition of the channel lining was damaged, resulting in seepage/leakage and the building and sluice gates were not functioning properly. This study aims to analyze seasonal changes to sediment concentrations in the main channel Rappang Pinrang Regency. This research was conducted in the Rappang main channel, Pinrang Regency with the coordinates of 3°41′44.93″S 119°40′43.12″E. Data collection was divided into 3 research locations, namely the upstream, middle and downstream of the Rappang main channel with a distance of ± 33 km from upstream to downstream. Sediment sample testing was carried out at the Civil Engineering Soil Mechanics Laboratory, Hasanuddin University, Makassar. Data collection in the form of flow velocity, suspended load and flow rate was carried out in the upstream, middle and downstream areas of the Rappang main channel. The expected result of this study is to find the value of the effect of seasonal changes on sediment concentration in the Rappang Pinrang Regency.
Analysis The Influence of Hydrometeorological Disaster in Kera River Wajo Regency
Authors: Pratama M R , Maricar F , Karamma R , Lopa R T
Published: December 2022

Recently, Indonesia has been dominated by hydrometeorological disasters which include landslides, tornadoes, droughts and floods. Hydrometeorological disasters cannot be separated from the consequences of climate change that occur. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of climate change on hydrometeorological disasters in the Kera River of Wajo Regency. This research uses quantitative methods. The data used are primary data in the form of field surveys and secondary data in the form of river topographic data and TRMM rainfall. The climate change greatly affects the increase in rainfall in the watershed, and flooding in the Watershed. Changes in rain characteristics in the watershed, in the form of annual rain height and maximum daily rain tend to increase, resulting in flooding around the Kera River area. The highest discharge that occurs at 2 year return period is 147.1 m3/s, 5 year return period is 212.5 m3/s, 10 year return period is 251.3 m3/s, 25 year return period is 296.1 m3/s. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out flood disaster mitigation with structural methods shown, by normalizing rivers, building flood embankments respectively. The results of this study found that climate change that occurred in the Kera River had an effect on the number of hydrometeorological disaster events, especially floods.
Spatial Modelling for the Calculation of River Capacity: Case Study Downstream Area of Wanggu River Kendari
Authors: Fadlin F , Thaha M A , Maricar F , Hatta M P
Published: December 2022

Spatial modelling of flood-prone areas will provide maximum results if it is supported by the accuracy of the data acquired, mainly related to elevation data or the area’s topography. Spatial modelling generated from accurate topographic data can estimate the river’s carrying capacity. This study built a spatial model using data from aerial, terrestrial, and hydrographic surveys. Aerial surveys were conducted using UAV corrected by terrestrial surveys, GCP, and ICP. Testing the accuracy of the spatial model is carried out by comparing the results of current field velocity with the results of 2D Hec-Ras numerical simulations using a variation of the manning coefficient. The combination of aerial, terrestrial, and hydrographic surveys produces a cross-sectional spatial model of the river, which is used in calculating the river’s carrying capacity. The river’s capacity is calculated using a 2D numerical simulation method using Hec-Ras software and verified by a mathematical approach based on the flood hydrograph curve. The results showed that the horizontal accuracy of the GCP was 2.8 cm and the vertical accuracy was 6.5 cm. The results of testing the vertical elevation accuracy of aerial photographs on terrestrial topographic data measured in the field (ICP) have a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value of 5.81%. According to the spatial model, the manning roughness value is 0.06-0.09. The river’s capacity based on numerical simulations is 1.700.766 m3, and the results of the verification using a mathematical approach are 1.683.433 m3 with a difference of 1.02%.
Selection Model of Use of the Elevated Toll Road Route in Makassar City
Authors: Roni T S , Ramli M I , Adisasmitha S A
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the selection of the A.P. Pettarani Elevated Toll Road route. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires and reviewing respondents to describe the travel characteristics of A.P. Pettarani Elevated Toll Road respondents using Ms. Excel to process the data. The results showed that in the selection of A.P. Pettarani elevated toll road to the airport, and the dominant respondents entered the toll road through the Bakti road where the traveler was aged 50-59 years old, with the last education being a bachelor’s degree, working as an officer, with an income of IDR 4.5M-5.5M. The travel costs incurred are IDR20-30K, travel distance of 7-11 km, travel time of 10-20 minutes, and travel frequency of 15-20 times a month to travel for work/business. In the selection of travel routes using the A.P. Pettarani elevated toll road to the port, the dominant respondents entered the overpass toll road through the Rappocini road, where the traveler was aged 20-29 years old, with the last education being a bachelor’s degree, working as an officer, with an income of IDR 4.5M-5.5M. The travel costs incurred are IDR20-30K, travel distance of 7-11 km, travel time of 20-30 minutes, and travel frequency of 15-20 times to travel for work/business.