bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ ЗАХИСНИХ СИСТЕМ НА БАЗІ ФРАКТАЛЬНИХ АЛГОРИТМІВ
Authors: Плотніков В. М. , Борцова Ю. В.
Published: August 2021

Для захисту конфіденційних даних від комп'ютерних злочинів  користувач має подбати про безпеку своєї інформації власноруч, використовуючи існуючі сучасні програмні засоби. Одним з таких засобів є реалізація шифрування  повідомлень  за  допомогою  прикріплення  цифрового  підпису  до  даних.  Для  роботи  криптосистем шифрування з відкритим ключем необхідно три алгоритми: алгоритм шифрування, алгоритм розшифрування та алгоритм генерації ключів. Одним з перспективних  шляхів  розвитку  шифрування  з  відкритими  ключами  є використання  моделі  піднесення  до  великої  степені  дискретних  логарифмів  для  генерування  ключів,  так  званий алгоритм Діффі-Хеллмана. Рекурентні відношення, що становлять основу множини Мандельброта, забезпечують хаотичну поведінку та суттєву залежність процесу від початкових умов. Ці властивості дозволяють створити криптографічну систему, що здатна використовувати їх для вирішення поставлених задач.
Спроектована криптографічна система повінна поєднувати в собі засоби створення ключів, шифрування текстових повідомлень та генерації цифрового підпису. Протокол обміну ключами передбачає встановлення між учасниками спільного секретного ключа, який у подальшому можна використовувати для шифрування повідомлень тексту або зображень  цифровим підписом.
Проаналізовано інструментальні засоби, за допомогою яких можна вирішити і реалізувати систему фрактальних алгоритмів для захисту інформації. В ході дослідження реалізовано програмний продукт мовою програмування C# у середовищі Visual Studio 2010. Система спроектована у рамках об'єктно-орієнтованого підходу до розробки програмних продуктів, тому вона використовує програмні класи для розподілення функціональності. Реалізований алгоритм має більшу кількість можливих ключів у порівнянні з поширеною на сьогодні схемою обміну ключами Діффі-Хеллмана. Великий розмір простору ключів робить важкими для реалізації атаки перебором, також відомі як метод «грубої сили».
Хаотичні властивості фрактального алгоритму не вимагають використання чисел великої розрядності, проте забезпечують високу якість шифрування. Економія часу на розрахунках дозволяє зменшити затрати ресурсів та підвищити продуктивність системи в цілому.
RESEARCH ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS’ EXERCISE IN COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES
Authors: He Chaohu , Huang Zhenpeng , Ye Liaokun
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: The essence of sustainable development is ecological civilization. The entire modern development, including sports in colleges and universities, is built based on resource conservation, enhanced environmental support capabilities, and a virtuous ecological environment cycle to achieve sustainable economic and social development. Objective: Looking at the development history of sports in Chinese colleges and universities for more than 50 years, there have been many successful experiences in human resource development, and there are also many problems that need to be solved. Methods: The author took 442 people from 4 provinces as the survey object, researched and discussed the evaluation indicators of the sustainable development of sports in colleges and universities. After factor analysis and professional theoretical research, a total of 15 indicators in 5 categories were established: science and technology, moral education, system Standard category, economic, competitive development category, external input category, and the coach training system category that eliminates “inbreeding.” Results: The author found in the research that both sports and non-sports families in China are unwilling to engage in sports and college sports for their children. The main reasons are traditional ideological issues, sports social status issues, and athletes’ education issues. Among them, coaches, the “inbreeding” training system is one of the main reasons that affect the sports talent resources of colleges and universities in China. Conclusions: There can be at least five types of evaluation indicators for the sustainable development of sports in Chinese colleges and universities: science and technology and ethics education, institutional norms, economic and competitive development, external investment, and a coach training system that eliminates inbreeding. The income of sports families is generally lower than that of non-sports families, and their education level is also lower. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESEARCH ON THE HEALTH SYSTEM OF COMMUNITY SPORTS FRAMEWORK BASED ON FUNCTION ORIENTATION
Authors: Mei Zhu , Zhao Yue
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Community sports activities are performed by people in the community environment, using beneficial factors such as sports equipment, facilities, and natural resources in the community to improve their body structure and functions, and their activity participation levels. Objective: The thesis studies how to use the framework and theory of “International Classification of Functions, Disability and Health” and World Health Organization “Community Rehabilitation Guidelines” to construct a sports service system to promote community health. Methods: The thesis uses the theory and methods related to function, disability, and health of the International Classification of Functions, Disability, and Health, and the matrix of the World Health Organization's Community Rehabilitation Guidelines as the framework for community sports activities and integrated development. Results: The development of community sports activity services can improve the physical function and athletic ability of different participants, promote healthy behaviors, improve mental health, and improve happiness. Community sports activities can promote the community's health, rehabilitation, education, career development, and empowerment. The integrated development of community sports activities and community health and rehabilitation activities will build a modern health service system. Conclusions: Use “International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health” to construct a community sports activity framework based on function orientation and overall health. Use the matrix and methods of the World Health Organization's “Community Rehabilitation Guidelines” to promote the integration of sports activities with activities such as health, rehabilitation, education, professional development, and empowerment to achieve inclusive community development and overall community health. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESEARCH ON KINECT BASED TRAINING SYSTEM FOR SPORTS OBSTACLE ASSESSMENT
Authors: Zhang Zhaojin
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: The study draws attention to designing a dyskinesia assessment system using a Kinect sensor to improve the efficiency of rehabilitation training. Methods: The login page design. Step 2: System functions setting. Relevant movement guidance content and rehabilitation evaluation content are incorporated in the system to make rehabilitation training efficient and orderly. Comprehensive data processing, evaluation, and export functions are necessary to reference rehabilitation physicians in diagnosis and treatment. Step 3: System modules design. Based on the system settings, corresponding functional modules have been designed and developed. With each module realizing its specific functions, it must be ensured that there is a certain degree of correlation between the modules. Step 4: The system function framework design. Results: A simple and comfortable login page is designed; 2. The system is capable of rehabilitation training and data management; 3. Specifically designed modules include sports collection module, rehabilitation training module, rehabilitation evaluation module, and information management module; 4. After logging in, the patient should first search for the rehabilitation plan in the rehabilitation training function module and then perform rehabilitation training regarding the rehabilitation plan. Kinect synchronously obtains patient sports information throughout the training process, and patients can obtain rehabilitation assessment information and automatically save it in the information management module. Conclusions: The Kinect-based dyskinesia assessment and training system designed in this study can heighten the efficiency of rehabilitation training for patients with dyskinesia, and it is highly suggested in clinical practice. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF PCA ALGORITHM AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE PREDICTION OF ELBOW KNEE JOINT INJURY
Authors: Liu Zhenhua
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: There were many constraints produced by training time and joint injury to analyze the influence of the training intensity on the elbow and knee joints of athletes during the training process. Methods: An improved algorithm-based master component analysis (PCA) modeling method is proposed .1 4 4 athletes were selected in xxx and compared in three groups. Results: The improved PCA models for injury prediction were applied to athletes from group A, the traditional injury models for prediction were adopted for athletes from group B, and athletes from group C received the hospital physical examinations. The results showed that the accuracy of elbow injury in group A due to excessive exercise was 66.86%, the accuracy of hospital physical examination in group C was 67%, and the accuracy of the traditional algorithm in group B was 50%, finding that the accuracy of group A was obviously different from group B (P < 0.05). Compared with other injuries caused by excessive friction, the detection accuracy of knee injuries caused by excessive friction in group A was 62%, that in group B was 44%, and that in group C was 63%. There was a statistically marked difference between groups A and B (P < 0.05). Conclusions: A PCA - based model of athletes’ overtraining injury has high accuracy and adaptability, predicting elbow injury. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
Gut dysbiosis, inflammation and type 2 diabetes in mice using synthetic gut microbiota from diabetic humans
Authors: Liaqat I. , Ali N. M. , Arshad N. , Sajjad S. , Rashid F. , Hanif U. , Ara C. , Ulfat M. , Andleeb S. , Awan U. F. , Bibi A. , Mubin M. , Ali S. , Tahir H. M. , ul-Haq I.
Published: August 2021

Abstract The study was aimed to assess impact of high fat diet (HFD) and synthetic human gut microbiota (GM) combined with HFD and chow diet (CD) in inducing type-2 diabetes (T2D) using mice model. To our knowledge, this is the first study using selected human GM transplantation via culture based method coupled dietary modulation in mice for in vivo establishment of inflammation leading to T2D and gut dysbiosis. Twenty bacteria (T2D1-T2D20) from stool samples of confirmed T2D subjects were found to be morphologically different and subjected to purification on different media both aerobically and anerobically, which revealed seven bacteria more common among 20 isolates on the basis of biochemical characterization. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, these seven isolates were identified as Bacteroides stercoris (MT152636), Lactobacillus acidophilus (MT152637), Lactobacillus salivarius (MT152638), Ruminococcus bromii (MT152639), Klebsiella aerogenes (MT152640), Bacteroides fragilis (MT152909), Clostridium botulinum (MT152910). The seven isolates were subsequently used as synthetic gut microbiome (GM) for their role in inducing T2D in mice. Inbred strains of albino mice were divided into four groups and were fed with CD, HFD, GM+HFD and GM+CD. Mice receiving HFD and GM+modified diet (CD/HFD) showed highly significant (P<0.05) increase in weight and blood glucose concentration as well as elevated level of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1) compared to mice receiving CD only. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 11 fecal bacteria obtained from three randomly selected animals from each group revealed gut dysbiosis in animals receiving GM. Bacterial strains including Bacteroides gallinarum (MT152630), Ruminococcus bromii (MT152631), Lactobacillus acidophilus (MT152632), Parabacteroides gordonii (MT152633), Prevotella copri (MT152634) and Lactobacillus gasseri (MT152635) were isolated from mice treated with GM+modified diet (HFD/CD) compared to strains Akkermansia muciniphila (MT152625), Bacteriodes sp. (MT152626), Bacteroides faecis (MT152627), Bacteroides vulgatus (MT152628), Lactobacillus plantarum (MT152629) which were isolated from mice receiving CD/HFD. In conclusion, these findings suggest that constitution of GM and diet plays significant role in inflammation leading to onset or/and possibly progression of T2D. .
Modulating the production of xylanase by Bacillus pumilus BS131 through optimization using waste fiber sludge
Authors: Kalim B. , Ali N. M. , Iqbal A. , Zahid M. T. , Rehman S. , Bashir N. , Ali R.
Published: August 2021

Abstract In recent days, cheapest alternative carbon source for fermentation purpose is desirable to minimize production cost. Xylanases have become attractive enzymes as their potential in bio-bleaching of pulp and paper industry. The objective of the present study was to identify the potential ability on the xylanase production by locally isolated Bacillus pumilus BS131 by using waste fiber sludge and wheat bran media under submerged fermentation. Culture growth conditions were optimized to obtain significant amount of xylanase. Maximum xylanase production was recorded after 72 hours of incubation at 30 °C and 7 pH with 4.0% substrate concentration. In the nutshell, the production of xylanase using inexpensive waste fiber sludge and wheat-bran as an alternative in place of expensive xylan substrate was more cost effective and environment friendly.
Novel Pathogenic Mutation Mapping of ASPM Gene in Consanguineous Pakistani Families with Primary Microcephaly
Authors: Batool T. , Irshad S. , Mahmood K.
Published: August 2021

Abstract Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a congenitally reduced head circumference (-3 to -5 SD) and non-progressive intellectual disability. The objective of the study was to evaluate pathogenic mutations in the ASPM gene to understand etiology and molecular mechanism of primary microcephaly. Blood samples were collected from various families across different remote areas of Pakistan from February 2017 to May 2019 who were identified to be affected with primary microcephaly. DNA extraction was performed using the salting-out method; the quality and quantity of DNA were evaluated using spectrophotometry and 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, respectively in University of the Punjab. Mutation analysis was performed by whole exome sequencing from the Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne. Sanger sequencing was done in University of the Punjab to confirm the pathogenic nature of mutation. A novel 4-bp deletion mutation c.3877_3880delGAGA was detected in exon 17 of the ASPM gene in two primary microcephaly affected families (A and B), which resulted in a frame shift mutation in the gene followed by truncated protein synthesis (p.Glu1293Lysfs*10), as well as the loss of the calmodulin-binding IQ domain and the Armadillo-like domain in the ASPM protein. Using the in-silico tools Mutation Taster, PROVEAN, and PolyPhen, the pathogenic effect of this novel mutation was tested; it was predicted to be “disease causing,” with high pathogenicity scores. One previously reported mutation in exon 24 (c.9730C>T) of the ASPM gene resulting in protein truncation (p.Arg3244*) was also observed in family C. Mutations in the ASPM gene are the most common cause of MCPH in most cases. Therefore, enrolling additional affected families from remote areas of Pakistan would help in identifying or mapping novel mutations in the ASPM gene of primary microcephaly.
Caracterização do fruto cruá vermelho (Sicana odorifera Naudin) e acompanhamento da estabilidade de seus compostos bioativos durante o armazenamento congelado
Authors: Alves Jonathan Neves de Carvalho , Tebaldi Victor Maximiliano Reis , Nascimento Kamila de Oliveira , Carvalho Elisângela Elena Nunes , Soares Rodrigo de Araújo , Augusta Ivanilda Maria
Published: August 2021

Resumo Cruá vermelho é um fruto aromático ainda pouco conhecido, originário da América Tropical, provavelmente do Brasil. É utilizado para fins alimentar, medicinal, repelente de insetos e aromatização de ambientes. Pouco se sabe acerca de suas características nutricionais. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho visou realizar a caracterização física, físico-química e nutricional do fruto cruá vermelho. Os frutos foram caracterizados quanto a composição centesimal, pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), cálculo da ingestão diária recomendada (IDR), antocianinas, carotenoides totais, vitamina C e atividade antioxidante da polpa. A estabilidade dos carotenoides, da vitamina C e da cor dos frutos foi acompanhada durante 21 dias de armazenamento sob congelamento a -18 °C. Os carotenoides, a vitamina C e a cor do fruto foram afetados pelo congelamento durante o armazenamento. O fruto apresenta características apreciáveis do ponto de vista nutricional e funcional, uma vez que o consumo diário de 100 g de sua polpa fornece uma apreciável fração de nutrientes recomendados para ingestão diária por um indivíduo adulto. O fruto apresenta um baixo valor calórico, fato interessante para preparações dietéticas, além de apresentar capacidade antioxidante e compostos fitoquímicos de interesse para a saúde humana, como carotenoides e antocianinas. Em relação à preservação dos compostos bioativos apresentados pelo fruto, verificou-se que o congelamento não foi eficaz para a preservação de carotenoides e vitamina C. Diante de todas as características apresentadas, cruá vermelho se apresenta como uma excelente alternativa para inclusão na alimentação humana.
“Capazes de trabalhar”: domínio, política e cultura nas relações de trabalho do Atlântico Sul (séculos XVII e XVIII)
Authors: Alfagali Crislayne Gloss Marão
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este artigo é uma primeira abordagem das diferentes modalidades e relações de trabalho que se instituíram no Reino de Angola e na América portuguesa, nos séculos XVII e XVIII. A ênfase recai sobre as possibilidades de comparação das estratégias de domínio, controle e exploração da mão de obra das populações locais nos dois lados do Atlântico. Interessa-nos também compreender as formas de organização do trabalho de indígenas e africanos, ou seja, o próprio conceito de trabalho e sua relação com os demais âmbitos da vida social, os ritmos e tempos de trabalho, conhecimentos e técnicas, padrões de disciplina no cotidiano dos trabalhadores, antes das políticas de controle coloniais e as mudanças que elas causaram após sua implementação. Por outro lado, pretende-se conhecer como trabalhadores de variada origem e condição social vivenciaram modalidades diferentes de trabalho (não-escravo e compulsório), e elaboraram formas de resistência, negociação, (re)inventaram novas práticas culturais e de trabalho e criaram soluções para conflitos.
Como se tornar um bolsista da Fundação Rockefeller: trajetórias de médicos do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz em formação na Universidade Johns Hopkins (1919-1924)
Authors: Batista icardo dos Santos , Ferreira Luiz Otávio
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este texto tem como objetivo analisar a trajetória de médicos brasileiros que estudaram no Instituto Oswaldo Cruz e, posteriormente, foram financiados pela Fundação Rockefeller para estudar na Johns Hopkins University. As fontes utilizadas foram correspondências trocadas entre os escritórios da agência filantrópica no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos, coletadas no Rockefeller Archive Center, uma tese de doutoramento, um relatório médico e fontes orais. A análise desses documentos auxiliou a compreender os conflitos, negociações e impasses na seleção dos bolsistas enviados aos Estados Unidos, a formação na universidade norte-americana e o seu retorno ao Brasil, entre 1919 e 1924. Trajetórias de formação profissional internacional também foram marcadas por questões regionais e locais, e por trocas de conhecimentos sobre saúde pública.
Imagens e textos de propaganda sobre a União Soviética na revista Die Wehrmacht (Berlim, 1939-1944)
Authors: Franzolin João Arthur Ciciliato
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este artigo analisa como a linha editorial da revista Die Wehrmacht (órgão oficial das Forças Armadas alemãs) alterou-se significativamente antes e durante o desenrolar da guerra na frente leste na Segunda Guerra Mundial. A princípio favorável aos “russos”, logo passou a atacar veementemente a União Soviética em suas reportagens, mas mesmo assim chegou a reconhecer a superioridade militar da URSS após a derrota em Stalingrado. A publicação iniciada em 1936 tornou-se um sucesso editorial na Alemanha nazista e alguns países ocupados, atingindo a tiragem de quase dois milhões de exemplares no ano de 1944. Ao mesmo tempo, cumpre explicar a materialidade da publicação, a atuação das chamadas Companhias de Propaganda (Propagandakompanien, PK), as quais produziam material propagandístico para a revista, e do aparato governamental responsável pelo controle do periódico, como o Departamento de Propaganda da Wehrmacht (WPr.) e o Ministério da Propaganda e Esclarecimento Popular (RMVP).
A Guerra das Malvinas/Falkland revisitada, 1982: um estudo com fontes (militares) brasileiras
Authors: Avila Carlos Federico Domínguez
Published: August 2021

RESUMO O artigo examina as percepções e interpretações de assessores do ministro do Exército brasileiro contidas em um conjunto de relatórios sobre o conflito militar anglo-argentino no Atlântico Sul, entre abril e junho de 1982. A pesquisa enfoca três tópicos: uma aproximação ao conflito sob a perspectiva Oeste-Oeste, a dimensão latino-americana do conflito, e as implicações de uma mudança de regime político na Argentina decorrente da derrota no conflito. O ensaio de interpretação sugere que a pesquisa acadêmica com documentos militares é particularmente significativa quando o problema-objeto é correlacionado aos temas de segurança e defesa.
Respiratory rates and freezing tolerance of embryos of Inga vera Willd. subsp. affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn. from different regions
Authors: Lamarca Edmir Vicente , Barbedo Claudio José
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT: Recalcitrant seeds are sensitive to desiccation and low storage temperatures, but there is a gradient of recalcitrance between different species and between populations of the same species. Therefore, tolerance to drying and low temperatures, as well as the respiratory rates of seeds, can be conditioned by the source of the material. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship among desiccation and low temperature tolerance, and respiratory rates of Inga vera embryos from different regions. The embryos were submitted to three drying levels and incubated for up to fifteen days at -4, -2, 2 and 5 °C. Then, they were evaluated for respiration, germination and electrical conductivity. The embryos tolerated freezing at -4 °C since they were associated with certain levels of drying and a consequent change in the energy status of water. In conclusion, the conditions in which the embryos are formed define their degree of maturation at dispersal, hence their tolerance to desiccation and freezing.
Educación para el consumo sostenible desde la pedagogía crítica
Authors: Martín-Sánchez Miguel , Casares-Ávila Laura , Cáceres-Muñoz Jorge
Published: August 2021

Resumen La educación para el consumo desde una perspectiva crítica es un tema serio que necesita ser estudiado y trabajado por todos los miembros de la sociedad educativa. Este trabajo plantea dos objetivos. Por un lado, realizar un análisis de la sociedad actual en clave de consumo. En la actual sociedad occidental el consumo de bienes se ha convertido en un factor de integración en la sociedad y se ha consagrado como la llave para acceder al mundo de primer orden. Las lógicas del mercado de consumo se han instaurado en la educación occidental creando una pedagogía consumista. Por otro lado, se pretende justificar la necesidad de una pedagogía crítica para el consumo como modelo pedagógico dirigido a alfabetizar económicamente a niños y jóvenes mediante el fomento del pensamiento crítico y el fortalecimiento del sistema educativo público para un adecuado y equitativo desarrollo individual y social. En cuanto al método, este trabajo se ha llevado a cabo desde una perspectiva y análisis crítico de las teorías educativas y sociales que abordan el consumo y sus consecuencias para la sociedad del siglo XXI. Como resultado se presenta el planteamiento de construir y defender críticamente la escuela y la educación a través de acciones coordinadas entre el alumnado y el profesorado que logre el empoderamiento para ser críticos, reflexivos y socialmente responsables. Se concluye que educar para el consumo responsable implica el compromiso de toda la comunidad educativa para lograr un cambio social.
Movimentos sociais, participação infantil e direitos da criança no Brasil
Authors: Gouvêa Maria Cristina Soares de , Carvalho Levindo Diniz , Silva Isabel de Oliveira e
Published: August 2021

Resumo Este artigo analisa a participação da criança em ações coletivas, em diálogo com a produção acadêmica acerca do Movimento Nacional de Meninos e Meninas de Rua (MNMMR) e os Sem Terrinha, coletivo infantil vinculado ao Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST). O texto busca desvelar a participação das crianças em cada movimento, na tensão entre os marcos legais sobre os direitos da criança e suas experiências concretas. Ao buscar compreender o significado de fazer os direitos das crianças em sua vida cotidiana, destaca-se, em cada movimento, a perspectiva da governança de direitos, da relação com o Estado e a dimensão política. Procurou-se discutir as concepções de participação e protagonismo tensionadas pelas relações hierárquicas de poder entre adultos e crianças, tanto na organização e gestão dos movimentos quanto na legitimação dos discursos. Assim, o trabalho contribui para as teorizações dos estudos dos movimentos sociais e de ações coletivas demonstrando que os conceitos de agência e participação não podem ser tomados como pressupostos apriorísticos, mas que demandam análise das condições e contradições para sua efetivação. Nessa direção, a compreensão da criança como ator social revela-se, em ambos os movimentos, como forma de superação do lugar de vítima para o lugar de sujeito que luta coletivamente por seus direitos.
Simulação com painéis de fibra de açaí para melhoria da inteligibilidade da fala em sala de aula
Authors: Bastos Leopoldo Pacheco , Lima Lays da Cunha , Santos Gabriel Brandão , Melo Gustavo da Silva Vieira de , Mesquita Alexandre Luiz Amarante
Published: August 2021

Resumo A inteligibilidade da fala dos professores em sala de aula e o aprendizado dos alunos são comprometidos pelos níveis de ruído ambiente e excesso de reverberação, causando falta de concentração, fadiga e estresse. A necessidade de uma apropriada condição acústica em sala de aula, quando a voz é a fonte sonora principal, foi o que motivou este estudo. Buscando solução baseada em absorvedores acústicos ambientalmente sustentáveis, este artigo investiga aplicações acústicas da fibra do caroço de açaí, uma fibra vegetal abundante na região Amazônica. Inicialmente foram feitas medições de parâmetros acústicos (tempo de reverberação, tempo de decaimento inicial, clareza, definição e índice rápido de transmissão da fala) em uma sala de aula e em seguida foi desenvolvido um modelo numérico acústico da sala. Após a validação do modelo, várias configurações de disposição de painéis absorvedores feitos com fibra de açaí foram analisadas no modelo para verificar a influência na qualidade acústica da sala de aula investigada. Os resultados das simulações indicam que os painéis de fibra de açaí podem ser uma solução bastante atrativa, aliando baixo custo e bom desempenho.
Generative design: information flow between genetic algorithm and parametric design in a steel structure construction
Authors: Cruz Renato Godoi da , Arcipreste Cláudia Maria , Pinheiro Rafael Lemieszek , Ribas Rovadávia Aline de Jesus
Published: August 2021

Abstract This paper describes the construction of an information flow that combines parametric modelling and genetic algorithms to optimise both the total weight of a structured steel roof and the shape of its surface to maximise the generation potential of photovoltaic energy. Through the systematisation of a design process using genetic algorithms integrated with generative design as an architectural design method, architects can work with problem parameterisation, going one step further than the mere formal proposition of solutions.As a result, we present a process in which there is a dialogical relationship between the architect and project in a continuous flow of information in the initial steps of the design process, guided by predefined optimisation objectives. Therefore, it is relevant to note that the designer accepts a reduced creative control over the final shape in favor of control over the core principles that constitute the optimisation algorithms. An approach that involved the designer in a process of post computational processing evaluations is also highlighted, giving him better support to discuss and analyze the design options.
Construction supply chain management: a scoping review
Authors: Krainer Jefferson Augusto , Krainer Christiane Wagner Mainardes , Vidolin Ana Celia , Hasse Frank Kiyoshi , Romanel Fabiano Barreto , Romano Cezar Augusto
Published: August 2021

Abstract Studies related to construction supply chain management (CSCM) emerged in the mid-1990s to address the structural, economic and organizational nature typical of the construction industry. Previous researches sought to review the literature on CSCM, however, they usually focused on specific and well-defined issues. This article aimed to map the current areas and subareas of the CSCM. Adopting a bibliometric approach and following the PRISMA-ScR recommendations, a scoping review was carried out. With the help of the CiteSpace© tool, the information was viewed as a co-citation network, providing a panoramic view of how the main publications are distributed and networked, forming research areas and subareas. The key documents and the main authors were identified; the current situation and the emerging points of interest in the CSCM field were also revealed. This article establishes a knowledge base for future research, which can help scholars and managers to identify authors, documents and journals to be considered when dealing with certain topics of the CSCM.
Diversity of metazoan parasites in fish Triportheus angulatus and Triportheus auritus living in sympatry in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Borges William Felix , Oliveira Marcos Sidney Brito , Tavares-Dias Marcos
Published: August 2021

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the diversity and community structure of metazoan parasites in sympatric populations of Triportheus angulatus and Triportheus auritus in the Jari River basin, in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. All the specimens of T. angulatus and T. auritus examined were infected by Anacanthorus furculus, Anacanthorus pithophallus, Digenea gen. sp., Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus, Rhabdochona acuminata, Contracaecum sp., Ergasilus sp. and Acarina gen. sp. These parasites displayed aggregated or random dispersion. The parasite community in T. angulatus and T. auritus presented a similarity of 78%. The diversity indice and richness of parasite species were greater in T. auritus and there were differences in levels of host parasite infection for some infracommunities. Phyllodistomum spatula occurred only in T. angulatus, while metacercariae of Clinostomum marginatum and Digenea gen. sp.2 occurred only in T. auritus. The species richness of the parasites was influenced by host size, as well as the abundance of some parasite infracommunities. This is the first report of these parasites for T. angulatus and T. auritus, except for P. (S.) inopinatus and Contracaecum sp. for T. angulatus.
Identification and quantification of additives in bituminous binders based on FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis methods
Authors: Weigel Sandra , Gehrke Michael , Recknagel Christoph , Stephan Dietmar A.
Published: August 2021

Bitumen is a crucial building material in road construction, which is exposed to continuously higher stresses due to higher traffic loads and changing climatic conditions. Therefore, various additives are increasingly being added to the bitumen complicating the characterisation of the bituminous binder, especially concerning the reuse of reclaimed asphalt. Therefore, this work aimed to demonstrate that the combination of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with attenuated total reflexion (ATR) technique and multivariate evaluation is a very well-suited method to reliable identify and quantify additives in bituminous binders. For this purpose, various unmodified and modified binders, directly and extracted from laboratory and reclaimed asphalts, were investigated with FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. The determined spectra, pre-processed by standard normal variate (SNV) transformation and the determination of the 1st derivation, were evaluated using factor analysis (FA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and partial least square regression (PLSR). With this multivariate evaluation, first, a significant model with a very high hit rate of over 90% was developed allowing for the identification of styrene-butadiene copolymers (SBC), ethylene-copolymer bitumen (ECB) and different waxes (e.g. amide and Fischer-Tropsch wax) even if the additives do not show any additional peaks or the samples are multi-modified. Second, a quantification of the content is possible for SBC, ECB, and amide wax with a mean error of RMSE ≤ 0.4 wt% and a coefficient of determination of R2 > 90%. Based on these results, FTIR identification and quantification of additives in bituminous binders is a very promising method with a great potential.
Direct estimation of shear-wave velocity profiles from surface wave investigation of geotechnical sites
Authors: Lin Shibin , Ashlock Jeramy , Li Bo
Published: August 2021

Surface wave methods have been developed as a commonly used non-invasive tool for shear-wave velocity (Vs) profiling of near-surface soil and rock formations. Inversion is a key step to back-calculate the Vsprofile from dispersion curves; however, the non-linear and ill-posed nature of the problem sometimes yields non-unique Vsprofiles. To overcome these challenges, a new method was developed to circumvent inversion and directly estimate Vsprofiles from the fundamental mode dispersion trend for sites with Vsgradually increasing with depth. This method is developed based on the relationship between the phase velocity of surface waves at a given frequency with the time-averaged shear-wave velocity within a depth of one-half wavelength. Three field sites and three simulated sites covering shallow, medium and deep locations with gradually increasing Vswith depth are employed to verify the feasibility of the proposed methodology. Results indicate that the method can efficiently give a reasonable and realistic estimation of Vsprofiles. The goal of this method is to provide an alternative to obtain Vsprofiles with high certainty and low computational cost for surface wave testing, but not necessarily to find a ‘better’ profile than inversion or to locate each layer interface.
A syntactic approach to gender assignment in Spanish–English bilingual speech
Authors: Cruz Abel
Published: August 2021

In this paper I argue for a syntactic analysis to gender assignment in codeswitched speech. To sustain this claim, I examine gender assignment in Spanish Det(erminer)–English noun switches (i.e., el bishop ‘the.m’) in 76 sociolinguistic interviews of approximately one hour each from a bilingual community in Southern Arizona, U.S. (The CESA Corpus, Carvalho 2012). Based on the findings from this dataset, I demonstrate that the distribution of gender assignment in codeswitched speech poses a serious challenge to current models of the bilingual architecture rooted in the distinct-lexicons perspective (MacSwan 2000 et seq.). Rather, I show that biological gender (interpretable gender) plays a crucial role in the assignment mechanism and the representation of gender features in the bilingual architecture. Taking gender assignment as a case study, I outline a single-lexicon approach to the bilingual grammar compatible with a Late Insertion view of the morphosyntactic model (Halle & Marantz 1993). In particular, I highlight the crucial relevance of a theme position at the morphological module to guide the bilingual speaker to the insertion of phonological matrices (language exponents) when codeswitching.
Automation Means for Controlling the Correctness of Typical Sections in a University Teacher's Document
Authors:   Dagestan State University of National Economy, Makhachkala, 367008, Russian Federation, Kobzarenko D. N. , Savzikhanova S. E. ,   Dagestan State University of National Economy, Makhachkala, 367008, Russian Federation, Shikhsaidov B. I. ,   Dagestan State Agrarian University named after M. M. Dzhambulatov, Makhachkala, 367032, Russian Federation
Published: August 2021

The paper discusses approach to automating the processes of monitoring and editing standard sections in a document of a university teacher in streaming mode. As a toolkit for solving the problem, it is proposed to use the Python programming language with the connection of the python-docx and pandas libraries. Despite the fact that the projected automation tools are focused on a specific task to control documents of a university teacher, the development of the concept of their construction is carried out with an abstraction from the type of documentation. The set of functions may vary depending on the problem being solved. As a result of work on the creation of tools for automating the control of the correctness of typical sections of a university teachers document, a framework of an open software environment for streaming verification of typical sections of documents in the Python language was designed, capable of adapting to the required verification tasks. The project is currently implemented for autonomous operation in Windows OS, it is also expected to be implemented as a web application. For active use in practice for specific tasks, the development of appropriate script packages is required. The main purpose of the development is to release human resources from the routine process of document control and direct it to the implementation of the employees creative ideas.
Políticas de formação de professores e regulação de cursos em Portugal e no Brasil
Authors: Gomes Suzana dos Santos , Fernandes Domingos , Sousa Sandra Zákia
Published: August 2021

Esta pesquisa investigou as políticas de formação inicial de professores articuladas às políticas de avaliação de curso implementadas em Portugal e no Brasil nas últimas décadas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritivo-analítica de abordagem qualitativa cuja fonte de dados envolveu revisão de literatura, pesquisa documental e entrevistas com professores pesquisadores da área. Os resultados revelaram que a formação inicial de professores tem se configurado de modo complexo nos dois países, em virtude das políticas educacionais efetivadas. Desse modo, a formação docente também foi considerada política essencial para o desenvolvimento da qualidade nos sistemas educacionais.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF COATINGS WITH SiO AND GeO ON LEUCOSAPPHIRE
Authors: Zinchenko V.F. , Magunov I. R. , Mozkova O. V. , Gorshtein B. A. , Sobol’ V. P. , Sadkovska L. V.
Published: August 2021

The reasons for the sharp difference in the adhesion of multilayer coatings containing SiO or GeO together with Ge on a leucosapphire (Al2O3) plate have been established. It should be mentioned that Silicon(II) and Germanium(II) oxides are quite stable in the gaseous state and, contrary, are metastable in condensed state; at high temperature they disproportionate into ultra-dispersed composites of amorphous nature. A comparison is made of the surface properties of ultramicroscopic droplets formed on solid surfaces – a substrate or the previous layer – upon condensation of SiO, GeO, or Ge vapors on leucosapphire. A qualitative assessment of the ratio of the corresponding contact angles of wetting by the indicated melts, formed at the first moment of contact, has been carried out. In assessing the surface tension of SiO and GeO melts (or Si – SiO2 and Ge – GeO2 composites), we proceeded from the corresponding values for SiO2 and GeO2, which are 296 and 248 mJ/m2 near the crystallization temperatures. On this basis, it was established that the smallest value of the contact angle, and hence the best wetting, is observed for the GeO melt (somewhat less for the SiO melt) on the solid surface of Al2O3 or Ge; the solid surface of SiO or GeO (especially, the first of them) with molten germanium should be much weaker wetted. Hence, it follows that thin-film multilayer coatings obtained from Ge and GeO on a leucosapphire substrate should have a significantly higher climatic resistance due to higher adhesion compared to multilayer coatings from SiO and Ge. Indeed, a multilayer coating containing SiO on a leucosapphire substrate with a large surface can withstand storage in air for no more than 2–3 months and begins to peel off; at the same time, the GeO coating remains intact after 4 years of storage. Thus, the GeO film-forming material is a promising one for use in multilayer coatings such as cut-off filters in interference optics of the near and mid-IR spectral ranges.
6,7- AND 7,8-DIHYDROXYBENZOPYRYLIUM DERIVATIVES: SYNTHESIS, PROPERTIES AND ANALYTICAL APPLICATION (REVIEW)
Authors: Chebotarev A. N. , Toporov S. V. , Snigur D. V. , Barbalat D. A.
Published: August 2021

The present review is devoted to a class of organic analytical reagents 6,7- and 7,8-dihydroxybenzopyrylium derivatives: their synthetic pathways, physicochemical properties, state in solutions, and analytical applications are described. Anion nature influence on spectral characteristics and some physico-chemical properties of 6,7-dihydroxybenzopyrylium derivatives was noted. Pathways of acid-base transformations in aqueous solutions of 6,7-dihydroxybenzopyrylium derivatives were described. It has been shown that derivatives of 6,7- and 7,8-dihydroxybenzopyrylium are capable for complexation with a number of p-, d-, and f-elements (Cu (II), Ga (III), In (III), Tl (III), Ge (IV), La (III), titanium subgroup, Bi (III), Mo (VI), W(VI) and others). Information on their composition, structure and analytical characteristics is summarized. It is noted that with the 6,7-dihydroxybenzopyrylium derivatives the simple and highly sensitive methods for the direct spectrophotometric and extraction-photometric determination of Ga(III), In(III), Tl(III), Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Hf(IV), Mo(VI), Ge(IV), Bi(III), Cu(II) have been developed. It is noted that 6,7-dihydroxybenzopyrilium derivatives complexes with Mo(VI) and Cu(II) are effectively extracted by Triton X‑100 micellar phase, which forms the basis for highly sensitive combined spectrophotometric and atomic absorption methods for their determination. The simplicity of targeted synthesis of 7,8- and 6,7-dihydroxybenzopyrylium derivatives opens the way to their use in the development of combined cloud point extraction and liquid-liquid microextraction with spectrophotometric or atomic absorption detection methods for the determination of a number of p- and d-elements.
ENGLISH BORROWINGS IN FRENCH IN THE ASPECT OF CANADIAN BILLINGVISM
Authors: Alekseeva O. B.
Published: August 2021

The article examines English borrowings into French in the context of Canadian bilingualism in connection with Canadian language policy, which combines several centralized language policies implemented by the federal government and regional policies pursued by provincial governments, including Quebec. To understand and analyze such a linguistic phenomenon, the article briefly discusses the historical causes of Canadian bilingualism. The study focuses on the lexical, grammatical and phonetic features of Canadian French and suggests that borrowing from both British and American versions of English into French has led to a unique combination that can only be identified as an independent phenomenon. The characteristics of Canadian French vocabulary, spelling, and grammar discussed in this article illustrate that Canadian French cannot be fully identified with any other type of French. The Canadian version of the French language is expressive, authentic, including through borrowings from the English language. The study emphasizes that the Canadian version of the French language, provided constant interaction with the English language, is learned naturally, and the rules naturally. Bilingual speakers agree on universal rules without knowing them, share and use these rules, but never clearly study them, because it seems impossible to teach how to change the code and maintain the structural integrity of the statement. The findings contradict the expectation that borrowed words harm the language that borrows them, so it was found that bilingual speakers who speak both English and French implicitly understand and use the rules of both languages, and borrowing and switching codes do not lead to language erosion.
TEXT-WORLDS IN MICHAEL SWAN’S POETRY: A READER’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Kulchytska O. , Malyshivska I.
Published: August 2021

The article highlights the role of world-building elements in the process of readers’ interpretation of poetic texts. According to Text World Theory (P. Werth, J. Gavins), elements that set temporal and spatial boundaries, specify objects and entities; elements that describe their qualities; and those that desceibe events, actions or states enable readers to construct their own text-worlds – mental representations of the discourse. This principle underpins our analysis of free verse poetry of Michael Swan, a contemporary British linguist and poet. His texts abound in references to objects, entities, spatial and temporal relationships in the world around us; often, they dominate in the verbal context of a poem. Such references are a characteristic feature of both narrative and metaphor-based poetry. World-building elements are perceived as especially foregrounded in the poems where no conclusion or attitude are explititly stated. There are the following types of world-builders in Michael Swan’s poems: units that denote God as the supreme being, persons, animals and birds, geographic objects, material objects, objects and phenomena in the world of nature, scientific objects and notions, phenomena of human spiritual life, temporal and spatial parameters. We also consider their attributes. Taken together, they illustrate Michael Swan’s general themes – the nature of reality and being, the conception of God, human beings in social and historical contexts, human psychology, human relationships with nature, art. Besides, Swan’s mimetic reflection of reality has a significant emotionl potential. A mini-experiment within the framework of this research shows that it is necessary to further develop students’ skills in inferential interpretation of poetry.