bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENDAMPINGAN PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN DI PUSAT JAGAAN DAN RAWATAN ORANG TUA
Authors: Kumala Ratih , Evi Tiolina , Ilyas Meifida , Handayani Wuri Septi , Ikhsan Arfan
Published: March 2024

Abstrak: Pengabdian masyarakat ini merupakan kegiatan yang telah dilakukan pada bulan tahun 2023 di Pusat Jagaan dan Rawatan Orang Tua yang terletak di Kampung Pulau Meranti Malaysia. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan pendampingan dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan dengan aplikasi Microsoft Excel. Metode pelatihan dilakukan dalam beberapan tahapan, yaitu tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap pendampingan, tahap evaluasi dan monitoring. Hasil pengabdian diperoleh bahwa selama ini pembukuan yang diterapkan oleh mitra belum sesuai kaidah akuntansi. Pelatihan ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar (71,4%) yang mengikuti pengabdian ini telah memahami penyusunan laporan keuangan dengan aplikasi Microsoft Excel.Abstract: This community service is an activity that has been carried out in 2023 at the Pusat Jagaan dan Rawatan Orang Tua in Kampung Pulau Meranti Malaysia. The purpose of this service is to provide assistance in the preparation of financial statements with the Microsoft Excel application. The training method is carried out in several stages, namely he preparation stage, the implementation stage, the mentoring stage, the evaluation and monitoring stage. The results of dedication were obtained that so far the bookkeeping applied by partners has not been in accordance with accounting rules. This training shows that most (71.4%) who take part in this service have understood the preparation of financial statements with the Microsoft Excel application.
APPLICATION OF AHP FOR WEIGHTING CLIENTS IN FEDERATED LEARNING
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University (ASOIU), Aliyev Samir
Published: March 2024

Federated Learning is a branch of Machine Learning. The main idea behind it, unlike traditional Machine Learning, is that it does not require data from the clients to create a global model, so clients keep their data private. Instead, clients train their model on their own devices and send their local model to the server, where the global model is aggregated and sent back to clients. In this research work, the Federated Averaging algorithm is modified so that clients get their weights by the Analytical Hierarchal Process. Results showed that applying AHP for weighting performed better than giving clients weights solely based on their dataset size, which the Federated Averaging algorithm does.
Aniracetam: An Evidence-Based Model for Preventing the Accumulation of Amyloid-β Plaques in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Love Robert W.B.
Published: March 2024

Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of dementia in the world. It affects 6 million people in the United States and 50 million people worldwide. Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β plaques (Aβ), an increase in tau protein neurofibrillary tangles, and a loss of synapses. Since the 1990s, removing and reducing Aβ has been the focus of Alzheimer’s treatment and prevention research. The accumulation of Aβ can lead to oxidative stress, inflammation, neurotoxicity, and eventually apoptosis. These insults impair signaling systems in the brain, potentially leading to memory loss and cognitive decline. Aniracetam is a safe, effective, cognitive-enhancing drug that improves memory in both human and animal studies. Aniracetam may prevent the production and accumulation of Aβ by increasing α-secretase activity through two distinct pathways: 1) increasing brain derived neurotrophic factor expression and 2) positively modulating metabotropic glutamate receptors. This is the first paper to propose an evidence-based model for aniracetam reducing the accumulation and production of Aβ.
Unveiling the Role of Novel miRNA PC-5P-12969 in Alleviating Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Vijayan Murali , Reddy P. Hemachandra
Published: March 2024

Background: The intricate and complex molecular mechanisms that underlie the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have prompted a concerted and vigorous research endeavor aimed at uncovering potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. Objective: This study aims to elucidate the role of miRNA PC-5P-12969 in the pathogenesis of AD. Methods: We assessed the differential expression of miRNA PC-5P-12969 in postmortem AD brains, AD animal and cell models using real-time reverse-transcriptase RT-PCR, we also checked the gene and protein expression of GSK3α and APP. Results: Our investigation revealed a notable upregulation of miRNA PC-5P-12969 in postmortem brains of AD patients, in transgenic mouse models of AD, and in mutant APP overexpressing-HT22 cells. Additionally, our findings indicate that overexpression of miRNA PC-5P-12969 exerts a protective effect on cell survival, while concurrently mitigating apoptotic cell death. Further-more, we established a robust and specific interaction between miRNA PC-5P-12969 and GSK3α. Our luciferase reporter assays provided confirmation of the binding between miRNA PC-5P-12969 and the 3′-UTR of the GSK3α gene. Manipulation of miRNA PC-5P-12969 levels in cellular models of AD yielded noteworthy alterations in the gene and protein expression levels of both GSK3α and APP. Remarkably, the manipulation of miRNA PC-5P-12969 levels yielded significant enhancements in mitochondrial respiration and ATP production, concurrently with a reduction in mitochondrial fragmentation, thus unveiling a potential regulatory role of miRNA PC-5P-12969 in these vital cellular processes. Conclusions: In summary, this study sheds light on the crucial role of miRNA PC-5P-12969 and its direct interaction with GSK3α in the context of AD.
Emotion detection in educational dialogues by transfer learning
Authors: López-López Aurelio , Garcıa-Gorrostieta Jesús Miguel , González-López Samuel
Published: March 2024

Emotion detection in educational dialogues, particularly within student-teacher interactions, has become a crucial research area for improving the learning experience. In this paper, we employ two models, one generic Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and the Emotion detection model Robustly Optimized BERT Approach (EmoRoBERTa), to automatically classify emotions in a corpus of student-teacher chat interactions. Then subsequently, we validate these classifications using a scheme based on oracles, employing two generative large language models (ChatGPT and Bard). Experiments on emotion detection in dialogues between students and teachers revealed that EmoRoBERTa exhibited a reasonable level of agreement with the oracles, while ChatGPT demonstrated the highest consistency with EmoRoBERTa’s predictions. Furthermore, we identified the impact of specific words on emotion classification, offering insights into the decision-making process of these models. The results not only highlight the prominent presence of emotions like approval, gratitude, curiosity, disapproval, amusement, confusion, remorse, joy, and surprise but also provide substantial support for the utilization of the proposed emotion detection model to enhance the student learning environment. Exploring the emotional aspects of educational dialogues holds the potential to enhance instruction methods, provide timely assistance to students in need, and create an improved learning atmosphere.
The associative pattern classifier: Progress in theoretical understanding
Authors: Valadez-Godínez Sergio , Sossa Humberto , Santiago-Montero Raúl
Published: March 2024

The Associative Pattern Classifier (APC) was designed as an associative memory, focusing particularly on pattern classification. This implies that the training memory is constructed in a single operation and pattern classification also occurs in a single process. It is important to note that the APC translates the input patterns through a translation vector, which represents the average of all input patterns. Until now, there is no theoretical framework to explain the inner workings of the APC. Its relevance is inferred from the fact that several studies have been conducted using it as a foundation. This paper seeks to provide a theoretical comprehension of the APC’s operation to facilitate future enhancements. We found the APC creates a system in static equilibrium through concurrent vectors at the origin (translation vector), resulting in a balanced separation of patterns. However, the APC cannot achieve complete pattern separation because of the presence of a neutral region. The neutral region is defined by all the points that define the separation hyperplanes. The points over the hyperplanes cannot be classified by the APC. Additionally, we discovered that the APC is unable to accurately classify the translation vector, which could be included as part of the input patterns. Our previous research showed that the APC is unsuccessful in achieving the linear separation of the AND function. In this research, we also broaden the examination of the AND function to illustrate that achieving linear separation is not feasible because the separation line represents a neutral region. The APC demonstrated exceptional performance when tested with artificial datasets where patterns were distributed over balanced regions, thus operating as an efficient multiclass and non-linear classifier. Nevertheless, the performance of the APC is lower when tested with real-world databases, making the APC inaccurate due to its restricted inner workings.
VIKOR optimization decision model based on poset
Authors: Yue Lizhu , Lv Yue
Published: March 2024

The Vlsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Komprosmisno Resenie (VIKOR) method to some extent modifies the utility function to a value function that can consider different risk preferences. However, the weight and risk attitude parameters involved in the model are difficult to determine, which limits its application. To overcome this problem, a Poset-VIKOR model is proposed. A partial order set is a non-parametric decision-making method. Through the combination of partial order set and VIKOR model, the parameters can be “eliminated”, and a robust method that can run the model is obtained. This method uses the Hasse diagram to express the evaluation results, which can not only directly display the hierarchical and clustering information, but also show the robustness characteristics of the alternative comparison.
RETRACTED: Improving neural machine translation by word translations
Authors: Li Fuxue , Chi Chuncheng , Yan Hong , Zhang Zhen , Zhao Zhongchao
Published: March 2024

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
RETRACTED: HRU-TNet: Hybrid Residual U-Transformer Network for diabetic retinopathy multi-lesion segmentation
Authors: Shao Dangguo , Huang Chunsheng , Liu Cuiyin , Ma Lei , Yi Sanli
Published: March 2024

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
The occupational therapy process in workplace wellness: A qualitative study of client experience
Authors: Jensen Michael
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Occupational therapy presently has a limited presence within the workplace wellness industry and the profession’s contribution within this area of practice is not fully understood. Occupational therapy’s holistic, occupation-based, and client-centered approach has the potential to provide a valuable contribution to the field of workplace wellness. OBJECTIVE: To explore the experience of organizational employees participating in a workplace wellness program centered in the occupational therapy domain and process. METHODS: Six occupational therapy workplace wellness program participants completed in-depth semi-structured interviews one month after program completion followed by deductive thematic analysis of transcripts. RESULTS: Three themes emerged (sustainable change across context, process matters, and therapeutic relationship supporting wellness), along with subthemes, describing the participant experience. CONCLUSIONS: The structured and individualized process of occupational therapy delivered within a workplace wellness program was appreciated by participants as a means of addressing workplace wellness and providing sustainable wellness results.
Supporting systematic, scoping and other types of reviews: Workshops and services offered by the Medical Library at Charité
Authors: Dressler Corinna , Forrest Meghan R
Published: March 2024

Medical Libraries have become central in evidence synthesis conduct – an evolving field. The Medical Library at Charité initiated Systematic/Scoping Reviews, an eight-part workshop series designed to provide comprehensive education and guidance on systematic and scoping review methods. Each session covers a specific step of the review process and offers participants who are conducting a review active engagement in these methodological steps using their own review question. This article provides a summary of each workshop session, outlining preparation requirements, workshop content, and challenges faced by both learners and the teaching team. The course has been well received by participants and has proven to be a valuable complement to the other health information literacy trainings offered by the Medical Library.
Improving the process of making management decisions in agriculture using artificial intelligence systems
Authors: Yalunina Ekaterina , Pryadilina Natalya , Skvorcov Egor
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The problem of the quality of managerial decisions is one of the most acute problems of agriculture. Their quality can be improved with the use of digital technologies, including the use of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The purpose of the study is to clarify the main stages of managerial decision-making, taking into account the use of AI systems. The scientific novelty lies in the development of a structural model for making a managerial decision, taking into account the use of AI systems, the main components of this process are identified. The research methods were the analysis of publications in the WoS scientific citation network on the topics “agriculture” and “artificial intelligence”, as well as the abstract-logical method in the analysis of the main stages of making a managerial decision. The results of the study were the determination of the composition and content of the stages of the procedural decision invariant, taking into account the use of artificial intelligence systems. The use of artificial intelligence systems allows diagnosing the occurrence of problems in crop production, animal husbandry, and technical systems at an early stage. Data collection and analysis in the process of making a managerial decision using AI systems includes direct data collection using sensors, cameras, scanners, etc., their cleaning and preliminary analysis, exploratory and statistical analysis, data modeling and interpretation of results. The use of AI systems will make it possible to operate with large data sets from agricultural production facilities, which will reduce uncertainty in making managerial decisions. The analysis of alternatives and the development of a management decision using AI systems turns off the forecasting of agricultural development indicators in a given system of constraints, the generation of alternative solutions and the choice of the optimal alternative, the acceptance or ignoring of the proposed alternatives. AI systems can be used to automate and optimize the process of implementing management decisions, monitoring and controlling management decisions. The use of AI systems to automate management decision-making processes in agriculture can help improve management efficiency.
How Financial Literacy Impacts Financial Well-Being: The Influence of Financial and Technical Efficacy
Authors: Chaity Naznin Sultana , Kabir Shahriar Bin , Akhter Parul , Bokhari Rifat Parveen
Published: March 2024

The fundamental human resource that influences financial well-being is financial literacy. People are more likely to save and invest if they understand the time value of money, credit, insurance, and investments. Having a sound financial understanding lessens stress and increases financial well-being. This study used a structured survey questionnaire and back-translated it into Bangla to ease readability for the respondents. Four hundred thirty-five invitations were sent mainly to the Dhaka city dwellers’ and only 253 complete responses were retained for analysis. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is used to assess the intercorrelations and validate the measurement model among the constructs (financial attitude, behavior, knowledge, self-efficacy, technological self-efficacy, and financial well-being) using SmartPLS version 4. The result found a full mediation effect among financial behavior, financial self-efficacy, and financial well-being. Partial mediation effects are found among financial attitudes toward financial self-efficacy, technological self-efficacy, and financial well-being.
The development of small and medium-sized enterprises at the regional level as a key factor in enhancing employment opportunities for the population of the region
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Riabovolyk Tetiana , Dorenskа Anna ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: March 2024

Small and medium-sized enterprises in Ukraine before the full-scale invasion were the most widespread. The lion's share of employed economically active citizens, which is about 75% of all employed, is in small and medium-sized enterprises, and only 25% of Ukrainians work in large enterprises. Among the priority spheres of activity of small and medium-sized enterprises are wholesale and retail trade and motor vehicle repair. A significant number of small and medium-sized enterprises carry out their activities in industry, logistics, agriculture and construction. Therefore, small business enterprises are one of the driving forces of economic development, an effective means of structural restructuring, overcoming disparities in the certain market segments, activating innovative activities, developing competition, creating new job positions and reducing unemployment. The problem of the creating favorable conditions for the development of small entrepreneurship constantly requires changing the methods and forms of managing this process, improving and harmonizing the functions of managing it at all levels. In the modern conditions of regionalization of economic processes, the further development of small entrepreneurship requires in-depth study of its system-forming factors, territorial features, forming and implementation of the appropriate effective and flexible regional policy. Improving the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is a key challenge for every region, as this sector plays an important role in the ensuring economic growth and creation job positions. In the paper, we proposed the following global directions for improving the development of SMEs in Kirovohrad region: ensuring more easy access to financing; simplification of bureaucratic processes; innovation support; providing support in the field of education and skill development; providing access to the new markets; support for startups and the innovative enterprises; promotion of entrepreneurship and support in the field of marketing; ensuring stability and transparency in the field of legal regulation. These proposals will help to improve the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, make them more competitive and contribute to the overall economic growth of the region.
Peculiarities of anti-crisis management of the product portfolio of machine-building enterprises in conditions of critical resource limitation
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Halushka Leonid , Androshchuk Ilona ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: March 2024

The paper is devoted to the peculiarities of anti-crisis management of the product portfolio of machine-building enterprises in conditions of critical resource limitation. The key problems of the functioning of the machine-building enterprises of Ukraine in the conditions of military aggression are identified, among which are the following: the almost instantaneous loss of part of the key personnel in connection with the mobilization for the defense of the country; sharp increasing in the cost price as a result of various factors, in particular: increasing in logistics costs and actual terms of logistics operations; the loss of some key suppliers and, as a result, the transition to less efficient technological processes; rising prices for material resources; impossibility of maintaining production stocks and work-in-progress at the level necessary to ensure the rhythmic process of production. It was found that the most significant problem is the critical limitation of the number of resources (labor, material, financial) that the enterprise could attracted to fulfill the orders of consumers of products on time and in full. The purpose of the paper is to determine the actual methodology for optimizing the product portfolio of a machine-building enterprise in conditions of critical resource limitations. By its core, this methodology should be one of the elements of anti-crisis management of the industrial enterprises in the field of mechanical engineering under martial law. It was established that the product portfolio by its core should be unique and depends on changes in the internal and external environment of the enterprise.An important issue for the forming of product evaluation criteria is the definition of the parties interested in the product, among which the main ones are the consumer and the enterprise itself. A set of key criteria that should be used when building a product portfolio has been defined in the paper. As a result, a methodology for optimizing the product portfolio of a machine-building enterprise under conditions of critical resource limitation was formulated. Approbation of the proposed methodology was carried out on the example of the machine-building plant of PJSC «Hydrosila APM» (Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine). As a result, its efficiency has been proven.
Investment and innovation activities in Ukraine in the context of European integration
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Gavrilova Natalia , Zadorozhnia Larysa ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: March 2024

The article considers the role of innovation as the basis of the European integration processes in Ukraine, considers the views of modern scientists on the concept of innovation, analyzes the state of innovation activity in Ukraine and its peculiarities in the conditions of war. Determination of investment opportunities of Ukraine in the conditions of European integration. The state of investment activity in Ukraine in the period 2021-2022 is analyzed. According to the results of the study, the largest investor countries were Cyprus, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, Luxembourg and France. At the end of 2021, 36% of the total capital investment was invested in the industry, rural, forest construction - 8.3%. According to the results of the study, it is noted that industrial parks and business incubators are important methods of attracting innovation to Ukraine. In order to further expand innovative relationships in the context of European integration, it will allow to expand innovative business, through the creation of exhibition space, the development of technological agencies, innovative solutions, through the demonstration of the best domestic scientific and innovative developments and cooperative relations, through promoting the development of platforms for communication.
The current state of pension insurance in Ukraine
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Melnyk Tatiana , Kotsiurba Olha ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: March 2024

The current state of pension insurance in Ukraine constantly requires additional research that would update its development indicators, reveal new trends in its development, justify the feasibility of its reform, and take into account the influence of various factors. The purpose of the study is that based on the assessment of the current state of the pension insurance system in Ukraine, it is necessary to identify the main problems of its development and substantiate practical recommendations on the directions of reforming the social policy of the state regarding pension provision. The compulsory state pension insurance indicators in Ukraine, conducted by the Pension Fund of Ukraine for 2018-2022, were evaluated, which revealed the main trends of development and outlined the main problems. The performance indicators dynamics of non-state pension funds in Ukraine over the past five years has been investigated, trends in the development of accumulative non-state pension insurance have been outlined. The life insurance market in Ukraine is investigated and the voluntary pension insurance indicators are analyzed separately, which provides for the achievement by the insured person of the retirement age determined by the contract. The bank deposits dynamics of households in Ukraine as the potential of additional pension provision of the population is considered. It is proposed to motivate by the state creating corporate non-state pension funds. The practice spread of concluding pension insurance contracts with insurance companies by employers would create an additional source of pension payments and reduce the financial burden on the budget of Ukraine. The existing proposals for reforming pension insurance in Ukraine will contribute to increasing the confidence of the country’s population in both state pension provision and non-state pension insurance.
Comparative analysis of machine learning classification algorithms for predicting olive anthracnose disease
Authors: Kottaridi Klimentia , Milionis Anna , Demopoulos Vasilis , Nikolaidis Vasileios , Tsalgatidou Polina C. , Tsafouros Athanasios , Kotsiras Anastasios , Vithoulkas Alexandros
Published: March 2024

Olive anthracnose (OA) is the most damaging fungal disease of the olive tree worldwide. In the context of integrated pest management, the development of predictive models could be used for early diagnosis and control. In the current study, a dataset consisting of 58 cases, coming from 5 locations and 12 olive cultivars, was used to study the relationship between ΟΑ incidence (OAI) and 35 heterogeneous variables. These variables include orchard characteristics, olive fruit parameters, foliar and soil nutrients, soil parameters and soil texture classes. The Random Forest-Recursive Feature Elimination with Cross Validation (RF-RFECV) feature selection method identified Location, water content, P, Ca, Mg, exchangeable Mg, trace Zn, trace Cu as possible new indicators associated with OAI. The objective of this study was to investigate whether these variables have a predictive value for OAI. Six different machine learning classification algorithms, namely decision tree (DT), gradient boosting (GB), logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM), were developed for predicting conditions leading to OAI > 0% and 10%. Grid search hyperparameter optimization was employed to optimize model parameters. The final models were evaluated in terms of several standard metrics, such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and ROC AUC score. Findings suggested that GB performance was superior compared to the other models for the prediction of the occurrence of OA disease (OAI > 0%) with an accuracy of 86.7%, a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 75% and a ROC-AUC score of 93%, while for the prediction of the spread of the disease (OAI > 10%), DT stood out with an accuracy of 86.7%, a sensitivity of 81.8%, a specificity of 100% and a ROC-AUC score of 91%.
Gambaran Kualitas Hidup dan Penggunaan Alat Bantu Dengar Anak Tuna Rungu SLBN II Banjarmasin
Authors: Kurniadi Melody Audria
Published: March 2024

Gangguan pendengaran mempengaruhi kemampuan seseorang dalam berkomunikasi secara aktif. Selain hambatan sosial, komunikasi yang tidak interaktif dapat mempengaruhi keadaan emosional seseorang. Intervensi sejak dini pada usia anak sangat penting untuk diperhatikan. Intervensi dini dapat dilakukan dengan penggunaan alat bantu dengar (ABD). Tujuan dari penelitian adalah memberikan gambaran kualitas hidup anak tuna rungu secara sosial dan emosional dan menilai penggunaan ABD dalam kehidupan sehari- hari. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang pada 37 peserta didik dengan rentan usia 11 -18 tahun di Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri II Banjarmasin. Media penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuisioner Strength and Difficulties yang terdiri atas 25 pernyataan. Data kemudian diolah mengggunakan SPSS dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabulasi. Data demografis penelitian yaitu  laki-laki berjumlah 19 orang dan perempuan berjumlah 18 orang dengan usia terbanyak adalah usia 13 tahun. Hanya 1 peser ta dari keseluruhan peserta yang memiliki kelainan anatomis pada liang telinga. Seluruh siswa mengalami gangguan pendengaran dan tidak mengetahui penyebab terjadinya gangguan pendengaran. Sebanyak 50% peserta mengalami abnormalitas dalam tingkah laku , 40% lainnya borderline dan hanya 10% normal. Sub-skala relasi dalam kelompok teman sebaya yang paling banyak mengalami gangguan. Hampir seluruh peserta (97%) penelitian tidak menggunakan ABD dengan alasan patah (13%) atau ditinggal dirumah (65%). Seluruh anak menggunakan bahasa isyarat sebagai media komunikasi dan tidak pernah menjalani terapi wicara. Hampir seluruh anak tuna rungu mengalami gangguan tingkah laku. Hampir seluruh anak (97%) tidak menggunakan ABD. Hal ini menjadi salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan kualitas hidup anak dengan tuna rungu semakin menurun.
Analysis of bile acid in saliva of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux and non-laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Asyari Ade , Utami Refi Amalia , Yerizel Eti , Putra Andani Eka , Firdawati Firdawati
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT — Background: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is the backflow of gastric and or duodenal fluid into the larynx, pharynx, trachea, and bronchi. The prevalence of LPR is difficult to determine due to the limited gold standard and the large variety of LPR symptoms. Damage can occur due to the decrease in pH value and also because of exposure to harmful enzymes in reflux, including bile acid. Purpose : This study was conducted to analyze bile acid levels in the saliva of LPR patient and non LPR subject. Methods:  This study is an observational study with a case-control design. The study was conducted in the ORL-HNS Department of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The total sample size was 44 people. We enrolled 22 healthy subjects as the control group and 22 patients suspected of having LPR. Result: LPR patients are more common in women than in men, with 12 women and 10 men. Bile acid in the LPR group means of is 25.08±7.67µM, meanwhile, in the healthy group, the mean was 18.99±8.26 µM. There is a statistically significant in the incidence of LPR with the bile acids (p = 0.015) based on t- independent test. Conclusion: Our study confirmed that bile acids in saliva play a major role in diagnosing LPR.
Association between obstructive sleep apnea and sleep quality
Authors: Saputra Egon Ilman , Resi Utomo Bambang Suprayogi
Published: March 2024

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is described as a disturbance of sleep presentingrepetitive (either total or partial) closure of the upper airway. Studies have demonstrated that OSA inthe middle-aged induces excessive daytime sleepiness; mood problems and poor quality of life. OSAis characterized by repetitive narrowing or obstruction of the upper airway during sleep, resultingin apnea or hypopnea. Patients with OSA have shown poor sleep quality. Purpose: To evaluate thepossible association between OSA and patients’ sleep quality. Literature review: OSA is a commonsleep disturbance classified by intermittent partial or total upper airway obstruction during sleep, causing intermittent hypoxemia, recurrent arousals, sleep fragmentation, and poor sleep quality. OSA is related to the quality of life, depression, and anxiety, but there were associations with acute stress which were reported by a few studies. Most of studies on OSA had collected data from moderate to severe sleep apnea in elderly patients and clinical settings. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, which provides a mechanical pneumatic stent for the upper airway, is an effective treatment for OSA. As a rule, it is given via a nasal mask, and therefore patients should ideally keep their mouth closed during sleep. Conclusion: The literature review showed that there was a significant association between obstructive sleep apnea risk and sleep quality. The risk of increasing OSA among young people is associated with acute stress, and the relationship is mediated by sleep quality.Keywords: sleep apnea, continuous positive airway pressure, upper airway obstruction
Validity-Reliability Test of Indonesian-translated MBD-MBS questionnaire as screening method for mouth breathers
Authors: Winastuti Retno Arun , Ratunanda Sinta Sari , Wijana Wijana
Published: March 2024

Introduction Mouth breathing, the process of air entry from the mouth to the lungs without passing through the nose, is an abnormal behaviour that may imply the presence of a comorbidity. Mouth breathing in children, teenagers, and adults leads to numerous pathological consequences, especially in children. There are several methods available to diagnose mouth breathing, one of them being the provision of questionnaires, however, there is yet any mouth breathing questionnaire that has been translated into Indonesian. Therefore, this research aims to translate the MBD-MBS questionnaire in Indonesian, and conduct a validity and reliability test for the translated questionnaire. Hence, this translated questionnaire may be used as a tool to diagnose the presence of mouth breathing. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted to 33 parents of children in day-cares or preschools in Bandung city that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Translation of the questionnaire was conducted by a sworn translator after permission was granted by the original author through email. The questionnaire was then distributed to the subjects after being given consent. Afterwards, the validity and reliability test were then conducted using Spearman and Cronbach-α formulas respectively.   Results All six questions in the Indonesian translated MBD-MBS questionnaire is validated (rcount > rtable, which is 0.355) and reliable (Cronbach’s Alpha 0.643 > 0.6). Conclusion Based on both validity and reliability tests, all questions in the Indonesian-translated MBD-MBS questionnaire are considered valid and reliable. Hence, this questionnaire is suitable to be utilized for further studies about mouth breathing.
Foreign body of fractured tracheal cannula in the bronchus after tracheostomy
Authors: Handoko Cavin , Murdiyo Mohammad Dwijo
Published: March 2024

Background: Foreign body of fractured tracheal cannula in tracheobronchial tract is one of rarecomplication of tracheostomy. Symptoms appear in the form of respiratory distress and if not properlytreated may threaten patient’s life. Objective: To know the causative factors, management, and preventionof tracheal cannula foreign body in tracheobronchial tract. Case report: A 3-year-old boy reported with a foreign body of fractured tracheal cannula in his bronchus after tracheostomy. Method: Review of evidence-based literatures with keywords ”foreign body” AND ”tracheal cannula” on Google Scholar. Result: Extraction of foreign body of fractured tracheal cannula was performed by rigid bronchoscopy via the stoma, under general anesthesia, in all of the case reports in the literatures. After the procedure, the respiratory distress improved and patients could be discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: The definitive management of foreign body of fractured tracheal cannula in tracheobronchial tract by using rigid bronchoscopy transtracheostomy under general anesthesia is effective. Education and knowledge about post-tracheostomy care and follow up, are the keys to prevent such incidents.
Keywords: foreign body, tracheal cannula, bronchoscopy
Histomorphology of the ovaries of rabbits does during ovulation induced by the combined use of gonadotropins
Authors: Tverdokhlib Y. V. , Naumenko S. V. , Koshevoy V. I. , Miroshnikova O. S. , Zhigalova O. Ye.
Published: March 2024

Hormonal stimulation of folliculogenesis is a general method of increasing reproductive capacity in rabbits; however, studying the safety of the developed protocols remains an urgent scientific task. The use of hormonal agents is due to the physiological characteristics of rabbits, primarily coitus-dependent mechanisms of ovulation. Applying gonadotropin-releasing analogs depends on mature follicles ready for ovulation in the ovary. It, therefore, has limited effectiveness for rabbits of the “zero” cycle that have not yet given birth. Therefore, such females are recommended to use medications based on gonadotropins obtained from the serum of foal mares (eCG) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). There is limited data on the combined use of gonadotropins, especially the long-term administration in different doses. Thus, the research aimed to conduct a morphological evaluation of rabbit's ovaries with combined serum and chorionic gonadotropins to stimulate folliculogenesis before artificial insemination to assess the safety of the proposed dosages and long-term administration. Stimulation of ovulation in rabbits of experimental groups was caused by the combined use of serum and chorionic gonadotropins (eCG – 400 IU; hCG – 200 IU) for experimental groups 1 and 2 at a dose of 40 IU and 24 IU, respectively. Females of the control group were induced to ovulate by subcutaneous injection of 0.2 ml of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog. Ovaries were collected on the seventh day of gestation after the euthanasia of the rabbit with prior premedication. After dissection and macroscopic examination, the ovaries were fixed in a 10% aqueous solution of neutral formalin. Histological slides were made according to the general method by pouring in paraffin and subsequent staining with hematoxylin and eosin. The research has established that repeated (during five reproductive cycles) combined use of serum and chorionic gonadotropins has dose-dependent effectiveness and can cause dysfunction of ovaries and blood circulation. Pathological changes may acquire a systemic character with the manifestation of critical conditions for the health and life of rabbits. The stimulating effect of the combined use of eCG and hCG was detected at a dose of 40 IU, and the inhibition of folliculogenesis was observed at 24 IU. Since the premises for the hyperandrogenism were found microscopically, it was essential to investigate the level of androgens in the blood of rabbits after using a dose of 24 IU. At the same time, both doses of gonadotropins affect the reactivity of the endothelium, which is manifested by the presence of intravascular vesicles and changes in the rheological properties of blood.
Pharmaco-technological research and stability of the drug for the treat-ment and prevention of vitamin and trace element deficiency in animals
Authors: Velesyk T. A. , Overchuk O. O. , Chernega V. Yu.
Published: March 2024

The article presents the research results on the Development of manufacturing technology and the study of the stability of a solution for oral use based on carnitine hydrochloride, vitamins – E, B12, choline chloride, selenium, and zinc. “Devivit Carnitine” oral is used for the prevention of diseases of liver and muscle tissue metabolism in farm animals and poultry, nephrosis, myocarditis, prevention of stress (heat, transport, sound, food, post-vaccination, etc.), and prevention of vitamin and hypovitaminosis. When developing the drug technology, experimentally obtained pharmaco-technological properties of active substances and excipients were taken into account. The technological process of preparing an oral solution consists of four technological stages: preparation of canisters for filling, preparation of the solution, filling containers with medicine and packaging. The stability and shelf life of “Devivit Carnitine” (solution for oral use) in plastic canisters were determined. It was established that the drug sample in plastic canisters was stable, according to all quality control methods indicators, during the entire period of the study. The shelf life of the medicinal product with carnitine hydrochloride, vitamins E and B12, choline chloride, selenium, and zinc is 12 months. In the future, a study of preclinical data is planned to verify whether the drug does not reveal a particular hazard for animals based on conventional studies of safety pharmacology, repeated dose toxicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and developmental toxicity.
Efficacy of levamisole against nematode infestations in dogs
Authors: Yuskiv I. D. , Tishyn O. L. , Yuskiv L. L.
Published: March 2024

For endoparasitic infestations of dogs, drugs based on levamisole hydrochloride are used. That is why the purpose of the work was to conduct a field study to evaluate the effectiveness of the studied drug “Levamizole O.L.KAR 10 %” and the reference drug “Levamizole-plus 10 %” against endoparasitic infestations of dogs of different breeds, ages, and sexes. According to the results of a parasitological examination of the dogs of the experimental and control groups, endoparasites established spontaneous damage, the causative agents of nematodes of the alimentary canal: species Toxocara canis with an intensity of invasion (II) from 110 to 180 eggs in one gram of feces (EGF) with an average intensity of invasion of 149.0 ± 5.62 EGF, species Toxascaris leonina with an intensity of invasion from 75 to 131 EGF with an average intensity of invasion of 104.4 ± 4.85 EGF and the species Ancylostoma caninum with an intensity of invasion from 48 to 92 EGF with an average intensity of invasion of 69.9 ± 3.71 EGF. Clinically, nematodes of the alimentary canal in dogs were manifested by poor appetite, depressed state, pallor of mucous membranes, mild diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss observed in some animals. Based on the obtained results, it was established that the studied drug “Levamizol O.L.KAR 10 %” and the reference drug “Levamizol-plus 10 %” when deworming dogs have a pronounced nematodocidal effect against endoparasites of the alimentary canal, which are caused by the following species: Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonine, Ancylostoma caninum. Thus, the effectiveness of the studied drug “Levamizol O.L.KAR 10 %” for spontaneous toxocariasis infestation in dogs on the seventh day after deworming was 93 %. The reference drug “Levamizol-plus 10 %” was 91 %, and on the 14th day after deworming the animals, the effectiveness of the drugs was 100 %. For spontaneous toxascarosis infestation in dogs, the efficacy of the studied drug “Levamizol O.L.KAR 10 %” on the seventh day after deworming was 95 %. The reference drug “Levamizol-plus 10 %” was 94.4%, and on the 14th day after deworming the animals, the effectiveness of the drugs was 100 %. Helminthological studies have established that for spontaneous hookworm infestation in dogs on the 7th and 14th day after deworming with the study drug and the comparison drug in the recommended doses, the effectiveness of veterinary drugs was 100 %. Field tests showed that the studied drug “Levamizol O.L.KAR 10 %” and the reference drug “Levamizol-plus 10 %” when administered once orally in the recommended doses of the manufacturer, are well tolerated by animals regardless of breed, age, sex, and body weight, not have a toxic effect on the body of animals and are effective against nematodes of the alimentary canal in dogs.
Study and Characterization of Fe3O4-PEG Nanoparticles Using The Co-Precipitation Method For The Production of Permanent Magnets
Authors: HANDAYANI FITRI , Rianna Martha
Published: March 2024

Natural iron sand is one of the natural resources in Indonesia, especially in the Cianjur area, West Java which has been used optimally. This study aims to analyze Fe's content, properties, and grain size found in Cianjur, West Java. The natural iron sand samples were prepared using the calcination method, which was dried at 50°C until the samples became powder. Beach sand samples are extracted using a permanent magnet to separate magnetic and non-magnetic materials. Characterization of iron sand using XRD, SEM, VSM, and FTIR. The XRD results show that the natural iron sand sample has a single magnetite phase (Fe3O4). A spinel cubic crystal structure is formed with lattice parameters of 8,513 Ǻ using Co-Precipitation. SEM results show that the sample is inhomogeneous or homogeneous, as indicated by the gap and agglomeration of particles in each sample. VSM results show that the parameter magnetic properties saturation (Ms) on average is 23.9763735 emu/g, magnetic remanence (Mr) is on average 5.14865198 emu/g, and coercivity is on average 125.139457033 emu/g. Where in sample 1, saturation is 29.7729509 emu/g, remanance is 4.0486018 emu/g, coercivity is 92.1368641 emu/g, sample 2 is saturation 21.5994425 emu/g, remanance 8.18772602 emu/g, coercivity 179.567079 emu/g and sample 3 has a saturation value of 20.55672771 emu/g, remanance 3.20962812 emu/g. Then, the FTIR results showed a shift in the vibration peak, which experienced a change in the vibrational energy of Fe-O and then showed the -OH group at an absorption of 3400/cm. The results of this study have the potential to process other magnetic materials.
Characterization of CuCrO2 Material Produced Using Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Delviya Amisha  , Humaidi Syahrul , Imaddudin Agung
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to analyze CuCrO2 material produced using the sol-gel method. The characterization used is X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Micoscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The sample was made by weighing the raw material and measuring the solution with a measuring cup according to stoichiometric calculations, then dissolving it, burning it, grinding it, calcining it, sintering it, forming it into pellets, and re-sintering it. The XRD results show that the main phase of the sample is CuCrO2 and impurities (CuCr2O4). From the SEM results, the average particle size is 155.948µm.
Manufacture of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Active Material as a Lithium-Ion Capacitor Anode Using Solid-State Reaction Methods
Authors: Liza Erliza Pratiwi , Humaidi Syahrul , Rifai Abdulloh
Published: March 2024

Lithium lanthanum titanate, Li0.2La0.6TiO3 (LLTO) was synthesized for the manufacture of lithium-ion capacitors using the solid-state reaction method. in this study, the active ingredients were synthesized using variations of lithium and lanthanum as raw materials. The raw materials used are Li2CO3, La2O3, and TiO2. The three raw materials were mixed according to the stoichiometric calculations then added 13 ml of Ethanol solution so that the raw materials were mixed evenly during the milling process for 5 hours. Sintering was carried out for 8 hours at 800oC and then at 1150oC for 12 hours. The sintered powder was ground using a mortar and pastel and then sieved on a 400 mesh sieve. The anode sheet was made by mixing the active ingredients: PVDF: Super-P with a composition of 85:10:5 by adding 3 ml of DMAC solvents. The characterization test was carried out using XRD while the electrochemical test used CV and EIS. The XRD result shows the formation of the main phase and the impurity phase with the main phase percent of 96.4%. From the results of electrochemical testing, the percentage of capacity is 73%.