bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manajemen Komprehensif pada Frailty (Kondisi Kerapuhan Pada Orang Tua)
Authors: Rahmad Rahmad , Nugroho Barlian , Soenarti Sri , Zaini Achmad
Published: February 2024

Memahami dan menguasai rehabilitasi geriatri terutama pada frailty, akan memperluas wawasan dan keterampilan klinis dokter, yang pada akhirnya memungkinkan mereka membuat keputusan klinis yang lebih baik untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien lanjut usia. Tidak hanya bagi para dokter, pemahaman mengenai Rehabilitasi geriatri juga sangat diperlukan oleh masyarakat secara umum. Ini berkaitan dengan memberikan landasan yang solid bagi keluarga, dukungan sosial, dan pengambil kebijakan yang bertujuan untuk mencegah dan mengatasi disabilitas pada usia lanjut di tingkat nasional. Keberadaan yang strategis dari hal ini menjadi jelas karena penanganan disabilitas pada usia lanjut sangatlah tergantung pada kolaborasi semua lapisan masyarakat dan peran pemerintah. Buku "MANAJEMEN KOMPREHENSIF PADA FRAILTY" membahas secara mendalam tentang rehabilitasi geriatri pada frailty. Buku ini menjadi pilihan yang sangat tepat bagi siapa saja yang ingin berkontribusi nyata dalam usaha untuk mewujudkan lansia yang sehat dengan kualitas hidup yang baik. Kontribusi ini bisa dilakukan baik dalam lingkup lokal, regional, maupun global.
Military Participative Leadership (MPL): Konsep Gaya Kepemimpinan Militer Berorientasi Kinerja
Authors: Aisjah Siti , Thoyib Armanu , Wijayanti Risna , Prasetyo Heru
Published: February 2024

Rendahnya daya serap anggaran di satuan kerja militer akan lebih mudah mengatasinya dengan pendekatan gaya kepemimpinan yang mampu meningkatkan kinerja personel. Gaya militer yang diaplikasikan oleh para komandan satuan cukup variatif dan sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti senioritas, eligible, merit system pola pembinaan karier. Hasil elaborasi dari tiga gaya kepemimpinan yang sering diaplikasikan oleh para komandan militer yaitu: kepemimpinan kontingensi, kepemimpinan partisipatif, dan konsep kepemimpinan militer organik menjadi sebuah terminologi kepemimpinan yang diberi nama Military Participative Leadership. Studi empiris pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja personel ternyata masih ditemukan ketidakkonsistenan oleh beberapa peneliti. Untuk itu buku ini melengkapi penelitian tersebut dengan memadukan organization commitment dan remunerasi dalam hal memperkuat pengaruh military participative leadership terhadap kinerja personel. Buku ini diharapkan melengkapi khazanah ilmu pengetahuan khususnya dalam bidang kepemimpinan terutama teori participative leadership sehingga dapat bermanfaat bagi para akademisi dan praktisi. Keterbaharuan dari buku ini diadopsi dari penelitian penulis yang kemudian dikembangkan menjadi sebuah terminologi baru dalam gaya kepemimpinan militer yang disebut Military Participative Leadership yang dimaknai sebagai suatu bentuk kepemimpinan di lingkungan militer.
Biomonitoring Lingkungan Akuatik
Authors: Amrillah Attabik Mukhammad , Salamah Lutfi Ni’matus , Amin Abd. Aziz , Syaifullah Syaifullah , Rangkuti Rizky Fadilla Agustin , Mahariawan I Made Dedi , Adhihapsari Wirastika , Yanuar Adi Tiya , Setyoningrum Desy
Published: February 2024

Buku Biomonitoring Lingkungan Akuatik ini bertujuan untuk memberikan ikhtisar mutakhir pengetahuan yang ada saat ini tentang bagaimana dan di mana organisme dapat digunakan untuk menilai lingkungan dan kualitas ekosistem. Prinsip-prinsip dari kehadiran dan kinerja organisme dalam ekosistem sebagai indikator. Sebuah pertanyaan yang sangat penting untuk dijawab dalam buku ini berkaitan dengan jenis informasi yang dapat diperoleh dari indikator biologis, keuntungan dan kelemahan dari aplikasi penggunaan indikator biologis tersebut. Indikator biologis dapat digunakan apabila mudah dalam proses pengukuran dan memungkinkan untuk membedakan antara keadaan ekosistem perairan yang telah tercemar ataupun yang masih sehat. Selanjutnya harus ada hubungan antara kehadiran (kelompok) organisme yang digunakan dalam indikator dan jenis informasi yang akan diperoleh sebagai gambaran tentang kondisi suatu ekosistem perairan. Aktivitas biomonitoring yang menggunakan indikator biologis dapat digunakan untuk penilaian ekosistem dan kualitas lingkungan perairan serta untuk mengevaluasi tindakan pengelolaan dari stres lingkungan yang ada. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan berbagai jenis organisme (mikroorganisme, tumbuhan rendah, tumbuhan tinggi, invertebrata, vertebrata) sebagai indikator dibahas dalam rangkaian bab-bab di dalam buku ini. Konsep penting dan perkembangan IPTEK di masa depan untuk aplikasi penggunaan indikator biologis dan keilmuan biomonitoring dapat mendukung program (pemantauan) ekosistem perairan secara nasional. Buku ini adalah ikhtisar komprehensif tentang pengetahuan dan perkembangan keilmuan biomonitoring saat ini dan mengisi kesenjangan yang lebar pada tingkat buku teks dan ditulis untuk konservasionis, ahli ekologi, ahli ekotoksikologi, pembuat kebijakan, penjaga cagar alam, dosen, dan mahasiswa.
Mikrobiologi Perairan
Authors: Wiratno Ekwan Nofa , Aliviyanti Dian , Djamaludin Heder , Dailami Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Buku Mikrobiologi Perairan ini berisi berbagai informasi terkait dengan aspek penting mikrobiologi perairan dan potensinya dalam berbagai kebutuhan manusia. Buku ini sangat lengkap karena berisi teori dasar mikrobiologi, teknik analisis hingga aplikasi mikrobiologi perairan dalam berbagai kebutuhan. Buku Mikrobiologi Perairan di Indonesia sangat jarang sehingga kehadiran buku ini diharapkan memberikan sumbangsih bagi pemenuhan informasi dan mendukung pembelajaran serta penelitian terkait mikrobiologi perairan. Hal ini sangat penting mengingat luasnya perairan yang dimiliki oleh Indonesia, juga dunia.
Teknologi Pengindraan Jauh untuk Pengelolaan Lingkungan Perairan
Authors: Rusydi Alfi Nur , Masitoh Ferryati
Published: February 2024

Kompleksitas permasalahan lingkungan perairan saat ini memerlukan pengelolaan yang menyeluruh secara efektif dan efisien. Teknologi pengindraan jauh merupakan teknologi yang efektif dan efisien untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan perairan tanpa harus berinteraksi langsung dengan obyek lingkungan tersebut. Teknologi ini menawarkan kecepatan perolehan dan pengolahan data lingkungan perairan menjadi sebuah informasi geospasial. Hal ini akan sangat membantu para pemangku kepentingan dan masyarakat untuk segera merumuskan dan menerapkan kebijakan pengelolaan lingkungan perairan secara spasial dengan tepat. Buku ini terdiri dari dua bagian yaitu bagian konsep dasar pengindraan jauh dan bagian teknis aplikasi pengolahan data pengindraan jauh. Bagian konsep dasar pengindraan jauh dipaparkan mulai dari definisi dan urgensi pengindraan jauh, dasar fisika pengindraan jauh, sistem pengindraan jauh, wahana pengindraan jauh, pola spektral, resolusi dan parameter kualitas citra, koreksi citra, penajaman, komposit warna citra, band rationing, hingga interpretasi dan klasifikasi citra. Bagian teknis aplikasi pengolahan data pengindraan jauh di dalam buku ini dijelaskan dengan model tutorial yang mudah dipahami oleh pembaca. Pembaca akan berlatih menggunakan perangkat lunak Quantum GIS (QGIS) yang berlisensi terbuka (open source) yang dapat diunduh secara gratis. Pembaca dapat mempraktikkan berbagai teknik pengolahan data pengindraan jauh dengan topik-topik yang berkaitan dengan pengelolaan lingkungan perairan seperti intepretasi dan klasifikasi hutan mangrove, identifikasi Suhu Permukaan Laut (SPL), ekstraksi data klorofil-α, dan ekstraksi data Total Suspended Solid (TSS). Buku ini bermanfaat untuk kalangan akademisi, praktisi, aktivis lingkungan, dan masyarakat umum yang ingin mempelajari dasar dan penerapan teknologi pengindraan jauh untuk pengelolaan lingkungan perairan. Teknologi pengindraan jauh diharapkan dapat dimanfaatkan dengan baik oleh para pemangku kepentingan dan masyarakat untuk mengelola lingkungan perairan yang lestari dan berkelanjutan.
Filsafat Ilmu Sosial
Authors: Maksum Ali
Published: February 2024

Buku “Filsafat Ilmu Sosial” merupakan panduan intelektual yang mendalam untuk memahami dasar-dasar ilmu sosial dan proses berpikir tentang manusia, masyarakat, dan budaya. Dalam buku ini, pembaca akan dihadapkan pada konsep-konsep filosofis yang mendasari ilmu sosial, seperti epistemologi, ontologi, etika, dan teori sosial. Penulis membantu pembaca menjelajahi pertanyaan-pertanyaan pokok, seperti “Apa itu pengetahuan?,” “Bagaimana kita memahami realitas sosial?,” dan “Apa peran etika dalam penelitian ilmu sosial?” Melalui bahasan yang komprehensif, buku ini dapat mendampingi mahasiswa untuk mendalami kajian ilmu sosial dan filsafat ilmu dalam perkuliahan, memberikan kerangka berpikir yang kuat untuk penelitian, dan membantu pembaca memahami kompleksitas teori-teori sosial kontemporer. Buku ini merangsang pembaca untuk berpikir kritis, mengasah keterampilan analitis, dan mengembangkan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang bagaimana ilmu sosial berkontribusi pada pemahaman manusia dan masyarakat.
Teknologi Digital Immersive: Pemanfaatan untuk Kemajuan Bangsa
Authors: Tolle Herman , Huda Fais Al
Published: February 2024

Teknologi Digital Immersive merupakan sebuah konsep revolusioner yang telah mengubah cara kita berinteraksi dengan dunia digital. Dengan menggunakan teknologi canggih seperti realitas virtual, dan realitas augmentasi, kita dapat memasuki dunia yang sepenuhnya baru yang tidak terbatas oleh batasan fisik. Teknologi ini memungkinkan kita untuk merasakan sensasi yang mendalam, seolah-olah kita benar-benar berada di dalamnya. Teknologi Digital Immersive termasuk di dalamnya: Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed reality (MR), eXtended Reality (XR), Digital Twin, Metaverse, dan Konten 360. Teknologi Digital Immersive menawarkan potensi yang sangat besar dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan, termasuk pendidikan, kesehatan, bisnis dan industri, serta seni dan hiburan. Dalam bidang pendidikan, Teknologi Digital Immersive memungkinkan pembelajaran yang lebih interaktif dan menyenangkan, dengan simulasi yang mendekati realitas dan pengalaman belajar yang mendalam. Di sektor kesehatan, teknologi ini telah digunakan dalam terapi pengobatan dan diagnosis medis yang lebih akurat. Di dunia industri dan bisnis, Teknologi Digital Immersive meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas, baik dalam desain produk, pemasaran, maupun pelatihan karyawan. Sementara itu, dalam seni dan hiburan, teknologi ini menciptakan pengalaman yang mengesankan dalam sinema, permainan (game), seni visual, dan seni pertunjukan seperti konser musik virtual. Dalam setiap babnya, buku ini akan menjelajahi berbagai bidang yang telah memanfaatkan Teknologi Digital Immersive, serta menunjukkan banyak contoh studi kasus atau aplikasi yang telah dibuat berbagai pihak yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Diharapkan buku ini dapat menjadi sumber inspirasi dan pemahaman yang komprehensif bagi pembaca dalam melihat potensi, dan mengaplikasikan Teknologi Digital Immersive demi kemajuan bangsa Indonesia.
Teknologi Produksi Tanaman Rempah dan Aroma
Authors: Setiawan Adi , Tyasmoro Setyono Yudo
Published: February 2024

Buku ini membahas tentang teknologi produksi tanaman rempah dan aroma serta bagaimana tanaman tersebut dimanfaatkan. Teknologi produksi tanaman yang digunakan mulai dari olah lahan, pembibitan, penanaman, perawatan, pengendalian organisme pengganggu tanaman, serta panen dan pascapanen. Dibahas juga dalam buku ini beberapa jenis tumbuhan rempah-rempah Indonesia dan sejarahnya yang memiliki kemampuan untuk pengobatan. Buku ini juga membahas tanaman dengan kandungan secondary metabolit dimana setiap tanaman memiliki metode yang unik pada budi dayanya karena memiliki respons yang berbeda terhadap lingkungannya. Respons lingkungan ini juga dibahas karena lingkungan akan menghasilkan kandungan yang berbeda. Rempah-rempah dalam buku ini sendiri ialah bagian tumbuhan baik berupa Akar, Batang, Daun, Bunga, Buah, dan Biji atau modifikasinya yang beraroma serta memiliki rasa yang kuat. Jenis tanaman rempah dan aroma umumnya digunakan di makanan sebagai bumbu atau bahkan produksi minyak asiri. Secara berturut buku ini membahas tanaman seperti Akar wangi (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash) dimana akar sebagai penghasil aroma, Batang dan Daun seperti Serai wangi (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt), Serai Dapur (Cymbopogon citratus), Nilam (Pogostemon sp.), Cendana (Santalum album L.), Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmanii), kemudian bagian Daun, Buah, Biji, dan Bunga seperti Lada Perdu (Piper nigrum L.), Pala (Myristica fragrans houtt), Cengkih (Syzygium aromaticum L.), dan tanaman Vanili (Vanilla planifolia). Bahasan selanjutnya dalam buku ini ialah dimana tanaman tersebut kemudian di olah sedemikan rupa karena memiliki senyawa bermanfaat untuk pengobatan atau minyak asiri. Untuk memperolehnya digunakan berbagai teknik penyulingan yang juga dibahas dalam buku ini.
“Revolta da caneta": as escrevivências de mulheres afro-brasileiras através da poesia do slam no Campeonato Paulista de Poesia Falada de 2022
Authors: Abreu Laura Ferreira de , Romanini Vinicius
Published: February 2024

Esta análise de produto cultural/social busca entender a importância do Slam como espaço de amplificação e visibilização das vivências femininas afro-brasileiras. Como objeto de estudo, serão utilizadas as poesias apresentadas por cinco poetas negras na final do Campeonato de Poesia Falada de São Paulo 2022. Partindo do princípio do conceito de escrevivência da Conceição Evaristo, este artigo sustenta a inferência que as poesias destas slammers carregam todas as suas experiências marcadas pelas discriminações de raça, gênero e classe.
A Dona Pé de Cabra: recensão e edição de testemunho manuscrito
Authors: Franco Davi Lopes , Vilaça Cynthia Elias de Leles
Published: February 2024

O objetivo do presente artigo é investigar o processo de transmissão do texto A Dona Pé de Cabra, presente em livros de linhagens. Expomos, neste trabalho, o resultado da recensão relativa à tradição direta desse texto, a qual se compõe, até o momento, de catorze testemunhos: onze manuscritos e três impressos. O presente artigo dá notícias do que vem sendo desenvolvido no âmbito da pesquisa para a elaboração de uma edição crítica desse texto. A fim de ilustrar o processo de preparação dos testemunhos para a fase de colação, apresentamos, ainda, uma edição diplomática, acompanhada de fac-símile, de um dos testemunhos manuscritos: aquele presente no códice COD-977 da Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal.
Edição e estudo de um manuscrito mato-grossense do século XVIII
Authors: Lé Laura Aristimunha da Silva , Barreto Josenilce Rodrigues de Oliveira
Published: February 2024

Os documentos históricos são essenciais para conhecermos o passado e, para isso, faz-se necessário que as suas informações sejam preservadas para a posteridade. Partindo dessa assertiva, o presente trabalho tem por finalidade apresentar as edições fac-similar e semidiplomática de uma carta manuscrita de 6 de maio de 1769, pertencente ao Arquivo Público do Estado de Mato Grosso e enviada pelos vereadores da Câmara de Cuiabá ao então capitão-general da Capitania de Mato Grosso, Luiz Pinto de Souza Coutinho; seguida de breves comentários históricos, paleográficos e codicológicos. Como resultados, apresentamos um estudo minucioso do documento, que pode contribuir para as áreas de Paleografia, Codicologia e História e para a preservação do patrimônio cultural de um povo, de uma língua e de uma determinada cultura. Como conclusão, o estudo realizado nos permite conhecer uma fonte documental, até então esquecida ou desconhecida, que se soma aos trabalhos filológicos empreendidos em e sobre Mato Grosso e acerca da língua portuguesa escrita no século XVIII.
Os erros (orto)gráficos das soantes palatais
Authors: Silva Simone Silveira da , Miranda Ana Ruth Moresco
Published: February 2024

Este artigo descreve e analisa erros (orto)gráficos das soantes palatais /ʎ, ɲ/, consoantes representadas por  e  no sistema de escrita. os estudos diacrônicos e sincrônicos bem como para a aquisição da linguagem, tanto na fala como na escrita. A base de dados deste estudo é um conjunto de erros extraídos de textos produzidos por crianças das quatro primeiras séries do ensino fundamental de duas escolas, uma pública e outra particular. As análises realizadas adotam uma perspectiva linguística e dialogam com estudos do desenvolvimento fonológico, com o suporte da fonologia autossegmental (Clements e Hume, 1995), e da aquisição da escrita Miranda (2012, 2014). Os erros foram analisados com base nas categorias propostas por Miranda (2020), as quais visam identificar a natureza dos erros encontrados nas escritas alfabéticas iniciais, quais sejam: fonológica, ortográfica ou fonográfica. Os resultados encontrados mostram maior efeito da fonologia das consoantes por processos que se assemelham àqueles observados na aquisição da fala. Observaram-se também casos em que a motivação é de ordem fonográfica como decorrência da dificuldade no estabelecimento de relações grafofônicas relacionadas à complexidade dos dígrafos com H.
Os lugares de Patrícia Galvão: tecendo uma geobriografia
Authors: Souza Beatriz Santos de , Cavalcante Tiago Vieira
Published: February 2024

Somos seres que, mesmo em constante movimentação no espaço, possuímos lugares de base para a nossa existência. Vinculado por um longo tempo à ideia de localização, o conceito de lugar conquista um recinto na ciência geográfica nos anos de 1970, com a consolidação da Geografia Humanista. É essa linha de entendimento do lugar enquanto cenário de vida e existência que permeia a geobiografia. Traçar a geobiografia, e, no caso, aquela de uma escritora, é entender sua vida enquanto fenômeno situado. O bairro do Brás, na cidade de São Paulo, assim como a cidade de Santos – SP, foram os lugares que compuseram Patrícia Galvão enquanto ser-no-mundo e lhe mostraram o sentido de sua existência.
Para além do Nordeste: a difusão da literatura de cordel e do forró no território brasileiro
Authors: Brandão Jammilly Mikaela Fagundes , Araújo Rejane Maria de
Published: February 2024

Los autores proponen hablar de arte cordelista, forró y turismo, porque el Nordeste es tierra de grandes artistas, tiene grandes poetas y los más grandes comediantes, es tierra de grandes escritores y grandes cordelistas. Este ensayo teórico tiene como objetivo general presentar la difusión de la literatura de cordel y forró en las regiones brasileñas, destacando los vínculos existentes entre el turismo, la geografía, la cultura y la literatura y la contribución potencial de dos patrimonios culturales inmateriales de Brasil: el cordel y el forró. turismo. La propuesta configura un esfuerzo inicial en relación al mapeo del turismo literario de cordel y forró en el territorio brasileño e invita a reflexionar sobre la importancia de diversificar la oferta turística en pro del rescate, fortalecimiento y preservación de la cultura nordestina y brasileña.
A Casa da Ponte e o ninho vazio: a geograficidade na poesia de Cora Coralina e Leodegária de Jesus
Authors: Pedreira Pedro Arthur , Silva Valéria Cristina Pereira da
Published: February 2024

This article came from research from an analysis of four poems book that intend not just trace a parallel between geography and literature, but also identify symbols of the geographic space in Cora Coralina’s and Leodegaria de Jesus’ poetry, two female poetries who lived in the twenty century Cidade de Goiás and were head autor for their literary contribution that shown a lot of city and special aspects where they lived. This tittle remains to symbols used in their poems that shown the feelings for the Cidade de Goiás. This article also wants to identify the influence of the literature in the living space, gazing the Cora Coralina’s Museum and the book store “Leodegaria de Jesus”, respectively a heritage of the most known writer in Goiás and a tribute for the first woman who wrote a poetry book in the state. This study use the phenomenology point of view and analyses space symbols  to complain its structure.
Rezas Cantadas de Encomendação das Almas: contatos, influências e elementos multiculturais
Authors: Eufrásio Vinícius , Rocha Edite
Published: February 2024

Na busca pela compreensão acerca das implicações entre os contatos – como pontos de inflexão, influências e repercussões étnicas/multiculturais – presentes na Encomendação das Almas num espaço ibero-afro-brasileiro, este trabalho, a partir da análise de transcrições de cantos entoados no ritual extraídos de fontes bibliográficas e oriundos de trabalhos de campo, identifica e analisa elementos que reproduzem misticismos, simbolismos, crenças e valores comuns entre as diferentes matrizes presentes no ritual no âmbito do catolicismo popular. Através dessa abordagem, pretende-se, assim, compreender o contato pluriétnico em torno do rito, como foi capaz de influenciar e modificar as práticas musicais que integram sua realização e identificar os principais aspectos que ilustram o escopo performático como tradição que vem resistindo através do tempo e espaço.
High-Dimensional Single-Cell Multimodal Landscape of Human Carotid Atherosclerosis
Authors: Bashore Alexander C. , Yan Hanying , Xue Chenyi , Zhu Lucie Y. , Kim Eunyoung , Mawson Thomas , Coronel Johana , Chung Allen , Sachs Nadja , Ho Sebastian , Ross Leila S. , Kissner Michael , Passegué Emmanuelle , Bauer Robert C. , Maegdefessel Lars , Li Mingyao , Reilly Muredach P.
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Atherosclerotic plaques are complex tissues composed of a heterogeneous mixture of cells. However, our understanding of the comprehensive transcriptional and phenotypic landscape of the cells within these lesions is limited.

METHODS:

To characterize the landscape of human carotid atherosclerosis in greater detail, we combined cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing to classify all cell types within lesions (n=21; 13 symptomatic) to achieve a comprehensive multimodal understanding of the cellular identities of atherosclerosis and their association with clinical pathophysiology.

RESULTS:

We identified 25 cell populations, each with a unique multiomic signature, including macrophages, T cells, NK (natural killer) cells, mast cells, B cells, plasma cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Among the macrophages, we identified 2 proinflammatory subsets enriched in IL-1B (interleukin-1B) or C1Q expression, 2 TREM2-positive foam cells (1 expressing inflammatory genes), and subpopulations with a proliferative gene signature and SMC-specific gene signature with fibrotic pathways upregulated. Further characterization revealed various subsets of SMCs and fibroblasts, including SMC-derived foam cells. These foamy SMCs were localized in the deep intima of coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Utilizing cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing data, we developed a flow cytometry panel, using cell surface proteins CD29, CD142, and CD90, to isolate SMC-derived cells from lesions. Lastly, we observed reduced proportions of efferocytotic macrophages, classically activated endothelial cells, and contractile and modulated SMC-derived cells, while inflammatory SMCs were enriched in plaques of clinically symptomatic versus asymptomatic patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our multimodal atlas of cell populations within atherosclerosis provides novel insights into the diversity, phenotype, location, isolation, and clinical relevance of the unique cellular composition of human carotid atherosclerosis. These findings facilitate both the mapping of cardiovascular disease susceptibility loci to specific cell types and the identification of novel molecular and cellular therapeutic targets for the treatment of the disease.
Understanding Stokes Drift Mechanism via Crest and Trough Phase Estimates
Authors: Guha Anirban , Gupta Akanksha
Published: February 2024

By providing mathematical estimates, this paper answers a fundamental question—“what leads to Stokes drift”? Although overwhelmingly understood for water waves, Stokes drift is a generic mechanism that stems from kinematics and occurs in any nontransverse wave in fluids. To showcase its generality, we undertake a comparative study of the pathline equation of sound (1D) and intermediate-depth water (2D) waves. Although we obtain a closed-form solution x(t) for the specific case of linear sound waves, a more generic and meaningful approach involves the application of asymptotic methods and expressing variables in terms of the Lagrangian phase θ. We show that the latter reduces the 2D pathline equation of water waves to 1D. Using asymptotic methods, we solve the respective pathline equation for sound and water waves, and for each case, we obtain a parametric representation of particle position x(θ) and elapsed time t(θ). Such a parametric description has allowed us to obtain second-order accurate expressions for the time duration, horizontal displacement, and average horizontal velocity of a particle in the crest and trough phases. All these quantities are of higher magnitude in the crest phase in comparison to the trough phase, leading to a forward drift, i.e., Stokes drift. We also explore particle trajectory due to second-order Stokes waves and compare it with linear waves. While finite amplitude waves modify the estimates obtained from linear waves, the understanding acquired from linear waves is generally found to be valid.
The effectiveness and tolerability of pharmacotherapy for psychosis in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A systematic review
Authors: Tanham Maya , Chen Renee , Warren Nicola , Heussler Helen , Scott James G
Published: February 2024

Objective:

The 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most common microdeletion in humans with over 180 phenotypic expressions. Approximately 30–40% of affected individuals will develop psychosis and 25% meet the criteria for schizophrenia. Despite this, pharmacotherapy for managing psychosis in 22q11.2DS is poorly understood and 22q11.2DS psychosis is frequently labelled as treatment resistant. The objectives of this paper are to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of pharmacotherapy for 22q11.2DS psychosis and evaluate the evidence for treatment resistance.

Method:

A systematic search was performed using CINAHL, The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Clinical Answers), EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection from inception to December 2022. It yielded 39 case reports, 6 case series and 1 retrospective study which met the inclusion criteria.

Results:

Based on the current literature, individuals with 22q11.2DS psychosis experience a greater rate of medical co-morbidities such as cardiac arrhythmias, seizures and movement disorders, which complicate pharmacotherapy. Poor tolerability rather than poor clinical response motivates the switching of antipsychotics, which may explain the labelling of treatment resistance in the literature.

Conclusion:

There are insufficient data to recommend a single antipsychotic for 22q11.2DS psychosis. Nonetheless, with proactive management of co-morbidities, antipsychotic medication in 22q11.2DS psychosis is an effective treatment commonly resulting in improvement in quality of life.
The Crisis of University Autonomy in India: A Critical Reflection on the Policy Framework
Authors: Trivedi Chetna
Published: February 2024

The idea and practice of university autonomy has remained a sphere of contestation worldwide and in the Indian context as well. In India, various policy documents have attempted to delineate guidelines and regulations concerning university’s functioning but remained unsuccessful in transforming universities into self-governing and autonomous institutions. Against this background, the present paper analyses the policy documents of post-independent India. The analyses seek to interpret their conception of university autonomy and attempts to understand if policies lack a significant aspect of this conceptual construction of university autonomy. Furthermore, the universities in India remain over-regulated and under-governed. As a result, the tussle for autonomy between the State and the universities continues to exist and has intensified in the Neoliberal era. Hence, the present paper delves into these significant aspects and attempts to give a nuanced picture of changing dynamics of university autonomy in Indian context.
Rage In (and Out) the Cage: Black Students’ Negotiation of Safety
Authors: Carpenter Ashley J. , Feraud-King Tita , Lewis Taylor , Stephens-Peace Kat J. , Chinkondenji Pempho , Stanislaus Emmanuela , George Mwangi Chrystal
Published: February 2024

This study explored the dynamic nature of 42 Black undergraduate and graduate students’ senses of safety as it relates to their college campuses due to the shifting vulnerabilities exposed in the current political and societal climate. We sought to make meaning of the pervasive threat to Black students’ safety related to their campus, which is linked to and transcends physical proximity to the campus. This line of inquiry offers the chance to construct a more dynamic understanding of safety than traditionally defined by institutions, which creates avenues for more thoughtful and equitable practice. In this work, we explore (1) how anti-Blackness informs student identities and (2) strategies used to protect against white rage on and off campus. Our findings and analytical approach provide new ways to theorize and strategize policies and practices to ensure Black students’ safety.
Allies and diffusion of state military cybercapacity
Authors: Kostyuk Nadiya
Published: February 2024

Understanding the diffusion of military capabilities is a central issue in international relations. Despite this, only a few works attempt to explain this phenomenon, focusing on threats. This article explains why threats alone cannot account for cybercapacity-development diffusion and introduces a more consistent explanation: the role of alliances. Allies with cybercapacity help partner-countries without cybercapacity start developing their own capacity to increase the alliance’s overall security by reducing mutual vulnerabilities in cyberspace. Partner-countries that lack cybercapacity are eager to accept this option because it is more favorable than developing cybercapacity on their own. Partner-countries may also start investing in cybersecurity to reduce the likelihood of being abandoned in other, conventional, domains. My new cross-sectional time-series dataset on indicators of a state’s cybercapacity-development initiation for 2000–18 provides robust empirical support for this argument and offers important implications for scholarship on arms, allies, and diffusion.
Occurrence and formation of clast-free circular depressions in the southern Namib Desert, Tsau ǁKhaeb (Sperrgebiet) National Park, Namibia
Authors: McAuliffe Joseph R , Jürgens Norbert , Gunter Felicitas , Burke Antje
Published: February 2024

Circular depressions are concave, shallow depressions found on planar landscape surfaces in the southern Namib Desert. They occur on gravelly substrates with nearly level to very slightly inclined surfaces. The depressions range from 6 to 10 m in diameter with centers typically depressed 10–20 cm below the level of the surrounding terrain. Locations of individual circular depressions were mapped at one site using ground-based measurements and at three additional sites using Google Earth imagery. At all sites, circular depressions are highly overdispersed with densities ranging from approximately 10–20/ha and corresponding nearest neighbor distances of 17–24 m. Large fragments of weathered calcrete and stones occur on soil surfaces surrounding circular depressions, but not within the depressions. Circular depressions at one site contained active burrow systems of Brants’ whistling rat ( Paratomys brantsii). Bioturbation by these rodents contributes to the non-cohesive nature of the sandy substrate, which promotes aeolian deflation and formation of the depressions. Excavations of the burrow systems by the honey badger ( Mellivora capensis) in search of rodent prey can transfer large stones and calcrete fragments from the subsurface to the surface and subsequently move those materials about the surface. Even if such sequential, horizontal displacements are in random directions, such movements can eventually yield a central, clast-free area surrounded by a peripheral zone where the clasts accumulate once they have been displaced beyond the margin of the area to which the predator is drawn in search of rodent prey. A conceptual model consisting of a two-dimensional random walk of large clasts about the surface until they are displaced from the focal “arena” of rodent occupation provides a novel explanation for origin of a spatially organized pattern that is initiated through the random displacement of those materials. Comparable microtopographic patterning associated with bioturbation in other arid and semi-arid environments may have similar origins.
Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Suture Versus Headless Screw Fixation for Tibial Eminence Fractures in Children
Authors: Ercan Niyazi , Arıcan Gökhun , Şibar Kemal , Özmeriç Ahmet , İltar Serkan
Published: February 2024

Background:

Suture and screw fixations are widely used to treat tibial eminence fractures (TEFs). Although a few biomechanical and clinical studies have compared suture fixation (SF) and screw fixation in the treatment of TEFs in children, no comparative clinical studies are available regarding headless screw fixation (HSF).

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of children with TEF who underwent SF and HSF.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

The study included 24 patients treated with either SF (11 patients) or HSF (13 patients) within 1 month of TEF (type 2 or 3) without associated ligamentous and bone injury between 2015 and 2020. All patients were evaluated at a minimum 2-year follow-up in terms of Lysholm score, Tegner activity level, International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score, and isometric strength test. Knee stability was compared based on the Lachman test, pivot-shift test, and KT-1000 arthrometer side-to-side difference.

Results:

No significant differences were found between the 2 groups in terms of Lysholm score, Tegner activity level, and International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score at follow-up. All patients were able to resume their daily activities within 6 months after the injury. However, flexion deficits (6°-10°) were found in 2 patients in the SF group and 1 patient in the HSF group, and extension deficits (3°-5°) were found in 3 patients in the SF group and 1 patient in the HSF group, without significant intergroup difference. Stability based on the Lachman test, pivot-shift test, and KT-1000 arthrometer side-to-side difference was also similar between the 2 groups at follow-up. No statistically significant difference was found between the 2 groups in isometric tests performed.

Conclusion:

The present study is the first to compare the clinical and functional results of SF and HSF techniques. The HSF technique demonstrated comparable clinical and functional outcomes, suggesting its potential as an alternative to the SF technique.
Design method of rack-and-pinion pair with pure rolling variable transmission ratio
Authors: Ziru Niu , Shuai Xin , Fuhui Liu , Liangliang Zou , Zhenbo Xin , Xinghua Liu , Jin Yuan
Published: February 2024

Rack-and-pinion pair with variable transmission ratio can achieve the unity of vehicle steering portability and sensitivity, and effectively reduce vehicle steering energy consumption. Therefore, they have gradually become the standard core components of steering system. However, the gear surface of rack-and-pinion pair with variable transmission ratio is seriously worn under long-term service, which leads to the degradation of performance and cannot achieve the theoretically variable transmission ratio. To solve these problems, a new configuration of rack-and-pinion pair for commercial vehicle with herringbone pure rolling variable transmission ratio is proposed in this paper. The tooth surface mathematical model of the fully-conjugate variable transmission ratio is established based on the variable speed envelope principle, and the formula for calculating pure rolling point of tooth surface with variable transmission ratio is derived. The tooth point deviation equation of fully-conjugate variable transmission ratio is proposed, and the method of constructing pure rolling variable transmission ratio tooth surface is formed. The finite element analysis shows that the design of the pure rolling rack-and-pinion pair with variable transmission ratio has good tooth surface quality without the phenomenon of contact spot intermittent and edge contact during the meshing process, and the contact ellipse center of the tooth surface is located at the theoretical pure rolling point of the tooth surface. The measured transmission ratio curve of the samples is in good agreement with the theoretical variable transmission ratio curve, and the transmission ratio error is within a reasonable range. The contact strips of tooth surface impression test are consistent with those of finite element analysis, which indicates that the designed rack-and-pinion pair with variable transmission ratio has the characteristics of pure rolling and point contact. The tooth surface wear test shows that the wear of pure rolling gear surface with variable transmission ratio is obviously less than that of traditional gear surface with variable transmission ratio. The above tests and simulation indicate the correctness of the design method.
A hybrid simulation approach for frictional vibration and noise of wiper-windshield system based on rigid-flexible and acoustic-structure coupling models
Authors: Guo Hui , Wang Yansong , Sun Pei , Yuan Tao , Liu Ningning , Huang Shuang , Zhu Binyan
Published: February 2024

Automotive wiper-windshield friction noise is one of the important factors affecting the vehicle interior sound quality. Due to its transient, nonlinear, and uncertain characteristics, the wiper-windshield friction noise has always been a problem in vehicle engineering. Based on rigid-flexible and acoustic-structure coupling models, a hybrid simulation procedure for the friction-induced vibration and noise of a wiper-windshield system is presented in this paper. In light of the rigid-flexible coupled dynamic equations and acoustic-structure coupled automatic matched layer (AML) based on the finite element method (FEM), the software ANSYS Workbench and LMS Virtual. lab. is selected and used for modeling and simulating the frictional vibration and noise of the system under different working speeds and lubricating conditions. In the friction noise simulations, the calculated vibrational responses from the ANSYS are input into the LMS as the excitations of a virtual sound field in a vehicle cavity. Experimental verifications suggest that the proposed hybrid approach is effective and feasible for frictional vibration and noise simulation of the wiper-windshield system. The work done in this paper may provide theoretical and technical supports for acoustic design of wiper-windshield systems, and has guiding significance for interior sound-quality optimization and control of vehicles.
Psoriasiform dermatitis following ocrelizumab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Case report and literature review
Authors: Emma Callanan , Vesela Petkova , Kay Polly , Huseyin Huseyin , Alison Hassett , Mara Sittampalam , Floriana De Angelis , Sara Collorone
Published: February 2024

We present a case of a 30-year-old man with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who developed psoriasiform dermatitis following his second course of ocrelizumab. This resolved with topical therapies and discontinuation of treatment. Cases of psoriasiform rashes have been increasingly reported in the use of ocrelizumab and are possibly due to B-cell (CD20) depletion and T-cell overregulation. Nevertheless, skin-related adverse reactions are not yet considered in the risk management plans of anti-CD20 treatments in multiple sclerosis.
In-cylinder spray evolution in a motored central-injection gasoline engine: Imaging and simulating the effects of flash-boiling and intake crossflow
Authors: Guo Hengjie , Torelli Roberto , Kim Namho , Reuss David L , Sjöberg Magnus
Published: February 2024

Accurate predictions of fuel spray behavior and mixture formation in simulations of direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engines are fundamental to ensure proper description of all subsequent processes including ignition, combustion, and emissions. In this work, the spray evolution in a single-cylinder optical DISI engine was studied experimentally and numerically with the goal of enabling predictive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of in-cylinder sprays. The authors explored a wide range of operating conditions characterized by several fuel injection temperatures and engine speeds, using a well-characterized nine-component gasoline surrogate known as PACE-20. The effect of flash boiling and intake crossflow on the spray is discussed, with a focus on evaluating the ability of the spray models to capture highly transient spray behavior. In the experiments, the fuel temperature was varied between 20°C and 80°C, allowing for non-flash- to flash-boiling transition to emerge with enhanced flashing intensity at the highest temperatures. Spray collapse resulted in vapor-rich regions, owing to the locally lower inertia of the fluid. Varying the engine speed from 650 to 1950 rpm promoted increasingly more turbulent in-cylinder crossflow which interacted with the spray during the injection event and resulted in enhanced spray dispersion. The CFD model was able to capture the spray morphology transition at different fuel temperatures and engine speeds adequately. It is shown that the spray breakup model could capture the transitional spray behavior induced by flash boiling atomization and intake flow via proper initialization of the spray cone angle and calibration of the spray models’ constants.
Seeking the masculine with the feminine: P-6 pre-service teachers’ views on teaching about the 2020 US presidential election
Authors: Lucey Tom , Zhao Xiaoying
Published: February 2024

As democracies have deteriorated worldwide, understanding preservice teachers’ perceptions regarding teaching about the 2020 US presidential election helps teacher educators better guide them to make informed and intentional pedagogical decisions for democratic education. Through a survey study, we found that early childhood and elementary preservice social studies teachers did not express a strong degree of comfort teaching about the presidential election and were most comfortable teaching about matters of literacy and of political agreement.
Iconic Extensions and Memetic Audiences: The MAGA Hat as a Site of Conflict in the US Public Sphere
Authors: Bittner Vanessa K.
Published: February 2024

This article introduces the concept of ‘iconic extensions’ and explores the phenomenon of the Make America Great Again (MAGA) hat as a highly recognizable and controversial political symbol in the United States of America. By focusing on audience engagement of wearers and critics alike, it expands the understanding of political discourse beyond the actions of individual leaders and emphasizes audience agency. Drawing on cultural sociological perspectives, the author argues that iconic extensions are materially condensed and accessible forms of iconicity that allow audiences to actively participate in the creation and dissemination of symbols. The creative adaptation of iconic extensions such as the MAGA hat facilitate memetic acts, reinforcing their iconic power. By examining textual and visual data from news and social media, the study identifies three key elements of iconic extensions with the MAGA hat as (1) a symbol of civil inclusion and exclusion, (2) an invitation to interact and a transformer of space and (3) a source of parody and satire. This research contributes to cultural sociology by integrating performance and iconicity with the idea of memetic audiences. Ultimately, this analysis sheds light on the MAGA hat as a site of conflict, highlighting the ways in which audiences actively engage with and shape the symbolic landscape of the US public sphere.
Violent incongruencies: Analyzing The New York Times’s discourse on George Floyd demonstrations and the Capitol riot
Authors: James Brown
Published: February 2024

American news media outlets have a storied past of delegitimizing protest movements, particularly through violence. However, recent literature has suggested news media outlets in America are slowly beginning to pull away from this trend. Moreover, recent protest history has several memorable examples of this attempted course correction, such as CNN’s viral ‘fiery but mostly peaceful’ headline during the demonstrations following the murder of George Floyd. Along with this series of protest demonstrations, one of the most historically significant demonstrations of protest in the 2020s was the Capitol riot of January 6, 2021. This study utilized a discourse analysis methodology to explore textual and visual framing incongruencies of participant violence in The New York Times’s coverage of these historic demonstrations. Findings point to a consistent visual and textual framing of violence within the NYT’s coverage of George Floyd Demonstrations, but not within its coverage of the Capitol riot. Possible discrepancies in participant labeling were also observed.
Retrospective Review of Complications and Revision Rates Between Isolated Talonavicular vs Talonavicular and Subtalar (Double) Arthrodesis vs Triple Arthrodesis
Authors: Gauthier Chase , Bakaes Yianni , Martinez Matthew , Hardin James , Gonzalez Tyler , Jackson J. Benjamin
Published: February 2024

Background:

Hindfoot fusion procedures are common for the treatment of end-stage arthritis or deformity. Surgical treatments for these conditions include talonavicular joint (single) arthrodesis, talonavicular and subtalar (double) arthrodesis, or talonavicular, subtalar, and calcaneocuboid (triple) arthrodesis. This study evaluated the complication rate, revision surgery rate, and hardware removal rate for those treated with either single, double, or triple arthrodesis.

Methods:

A retrospective review was conducted for patients who underwent single ( Current Procedural Terminology [ CPT] code 28740), double ( CPT 28725 and 28740), or triple ( CPT 28715) arthrodesis to treat hindfoot arthritis/deformity ( International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision [ ICD-9] code: 734, International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision [ ICD-10] codes: M76821, M76822, and M76829) from 2005 to 2022 using the South Carolina Revenue and Fiscal Affairs databank. Data collected included demographics, comorbidities, procedure data, and postoperative outcomes within 1 year of principal surgery. Student t test, chi-squared test, and multivariable logistic regression analysis were utilized during data analysis.

Results:

A total of 433 patients were identified, with 248 undergoing single arthrodesis, 67 undergoing double arthrodesis, and 118 undergoing triple arthrodesis. There was no significant difference between single, double, and triple arthrodesis in the rate of complications, hardware removals, revision surgeries, or 30-day readmission when controlling for confounding variables. However, a decrease in Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was found to be predictive of an increase in the revision surgery rate (OR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.22-0.85, P = .02).

Conclusion:

We found no difference in the rate of complications, hardware removals, or revision surgeries in those undergoing single, double, or triple arthrodesis. Surprisingly we found that a lower Charlson Comorbidity Index, indicating a healthier patient had a significant relationship with a higher rate of revision surgery. Further study including radiographic indications for surgery or the impact of overall health status on revision surgery rates may further elucidate the other components of this relationship.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, cohort study.