bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis econométrico de la sostenibilidad financiera de las organizaciones de la economía popular y solidaria
Authors: Sarmiento Castillo Germania , Hernández Ocampo Silvana , Peláez Moreno Lenin , Peña Vélez Maritza , Malla Alvarado Franklin
Published: June 2024

Objetivo. Evaluar la sostenibilidad financiera de las organizaciones de la economía popular y solidaria del Ecuador. Metodología. Mediante una aproximación econométrica se estructuró el logaritmo natural de los ingresos como variable dependiente e indicador de sostenibilidad y con los ratios de rentabilidad, liquidez, endeudamiento patrimonial y endeudamiento del activo; por otro lado, con el logaritmo natural de los activos y la clasificación del sector se estructuraron las variables independientes. Resultados. Las variables significativas que explican la sostenibilidad financiera son la liquidez, la rentabilidad económica, el tamaño de los activos y el pertenecer al sector de la producción; así pues, las organizaciones de la economía popular y solidaria estructuralmente funcionan como una empresa de libre mercado que requieren de liquidez y líneas de crédito inmediatas para cubrir obligaciones o costos de producción; asimismo, mientras crecen, son capaces de aprovechar los recursos y generar mayor rentabilidad. Conclusiones. La sostenibilidad financiera de las organizaciones es factible de evaluación mediante los ingresos obtenidos, relacionados significativamente con las variables explicativas cuya gestión tienen la finalidad de lograr la permanencia de las organizaciones en el tiempo y en el mercado.
Estimating Retail Credit in the U.S.
Authors: Flagg Jessica N. , Hannon Simona M. , Sarisoy Cisil , Wicks Mark J.
Published: June 2024

In this note, we estimate the size of an understudied segment of the consumer credit market—retail credit. Retail credit consists of the amounts owed to retail stores by their customers for purchases made on credit extended in partnership with a financial institution. Although retail credit is included in the consumer credit totals in Federal Reserve Statistical Release G.19, "Consumer Credit," a principal economic indicator providing the official estimate for consumer credit holdings in the U.S., it is not separately categorized on the release.
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS INDUSTRY IN THE UDMURT REPUBLIC
Authors:   Udmurt Branch of the Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, BOGACHEV E.A.
Published: June 2024

The study aims to identify the main quantitative characteristics of the unmanned aircraft systems industry in the Udmurt Republic and present a forecast for its development. A quantitative assessment of the unmanned aircraft systems industry in the Udmurt Republic was performed using financial statements of relevant companies. For this purpose, a database was created that contains the main economic indicators by enterprise (256 legal entities, including 127 specialised participants in the industry market and 129 non-specialised participants) for the period from 2010 to 2022. It is hypothesised that a large production centre for unmanned aircraft is being formed in the Udmurt Republic. Descriptive statistics methods were applied to describe the formation and development of the unmanned aircraft systems industry in the Udmurt Republic. To visually present the research results, tabular and graphical methods were utilised. The study revealed the volume and dynamics of the unmanned aircraft systems industry in the Udmurt Republic. At the same time, the trends identified at the regional level correspond to national and global trends. The findings can be used to create a strategy for the development of the unmanned aircraft systems industry in the Udmurt Republic.
Study of the Development Dynamics of Small Enterprises under External Changes
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ivacheva N. A. , Shmarova I. V. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: June 2024

Small enterprises play a significant role in the socio-economic development of the country. Their functioning contributes to the reduction of unemployment, generation and introduction of innovations, territorial spread of institutions important for human life, etc. The article examines the development dynamics of small enterprises for the period from 2021 to 2023. Statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service, as well as publications on the research topic were analysed. The results indicate a positive trend in the development of small and medium business in Russia: in 2022, the number of small and medium enterprises increased by 3.2 %, and by 2023, their average revenue increased by 12 %; the number of employed workers increased. Russian authorities are aware of the importance of small business and are interested in its development: state investments in the development of small and medium enterprises in 2023 amounted to 24 %.
Are Power Systems of Russian Cities Ready for Electric Vehicles?
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Plesovskikh A. E. , Kolyan N. S. ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: June 2024

The expansion of electric vehicles in Russia is seen as a solution to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. However, an increase in electric vehicles could significantly affect urban power grids, causing a rise in peak load and power consumption. The article assessed the current load in the largest cities of Russia and predicted an increase in power consumption with the growing number of electric vehicles. Scenario modelling was used to track the hours of maximum peak load and assess the effect on consumption peaks before and after electric vehicle adoption, both daily and annually. Under an optimistic scenario, the annual electricity consumption for charging electric vehicles could exceed the current level of annual consumption by the population, indicating the need to improve the energy infrastructure to accommodate the growing electric vehicle adoption in Russian cities.
Tecnologias Disruptivas e Tecnologias Educativas
Authors:   Univerdade de Brasilia, Lacerda Santos Gilberto
Published: June 2024

Já é consolidado e de senso comum que as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação, Comunicação e Expressão (TICE) e outras tecnologias disruptivas impactam irreversivelmente todas as modalidades de ensino. No âmbito da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, a adoção de novos modos de formação em resposta a esses impactos torna-se uma necessidade premente, relacionada com a própria pertinência da escola e com o cumprimento de seu papel social. Mas, como atores de nosso ecossistema público de educação profissional e tecnológica percebem esse cenário e seu impacto na organização curricular e nas diferentes áreas de formação? Que dificuldades apontam para que as mudanças decorrentes da chamada “Indústria 4.0” reflitam na formação profissional e tecnológica? Qual o futuro dessa modalidade de ensino face ao avanço das TICE e das demais tecnologias disruptivas? O presente artigo, decorrente de estudo realizado para o Centro de Gestão e Estudos Estratégicos (CGEE), aprofunda o entendimento dessa situação problemática e, a partir de posicionamentos coletados junto a vinte gestores de Institutos Federais de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, procura contribuir com elementos de resposta para essas questões fundamentais para uma melhor qualificação do fator humano que lida com contextos laborais em efervescência e em plena transformação.
Which factors help to determine the long-term response to first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A Turkish multi-centre study
Authors: Majidova Nargiz , Seyyar Mustafa , Bayraktar Demet Işık , Dinç Gülhan , İsgandarov Elfag , Huseynov Javid , Yaşar Alper , Çelebi Abdussamet , Sever Nadiye , Kocaaslan Erkam , Erel Pınar , Ağyol Yeşim , Güren Ali Kaan , Arıkan Rukiye , Işık Selver , Ercelep Özlem , Demirağ Güzin , Kefeli Umut , Köstek Osman , Bayoğlu İbrahim Vedat , Sarı Murat
Published: June 2024

Many developing countries lack access to recommended first-line treatments for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or ICI-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) combinations. As a result, predictive markers are necessary to identify patients who may benefit from single-agent TKIs for long-term response. This study aims to identify such parameters. This was a multi-centre, retrospective study of patients with mRCC who were undergoing first-line treatment with sunitinib or pazopanib. Patients who had been diagnosed with mRCC and had not experienced disease progression for 36 months or more were deemed to have achieved a long-term response. Predictive clinical and pathological characteristics of patients who did not experience long-term disease progression were investigated. A total of 320 patients from four hospitals were included in the study. The median age of the patients was 60 years (range 20-89 years). According to the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) risk classification, 109 patients were classified as having favourable risk and 211 were in the intermediate-poor risk group. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for all patients were 12.5 months and 76.4 months, respectively. In the long-term responder’s group, the median PFS was 78.4 months. Among all patients, prior nephrectomy, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) <1, and the absence of brain metastasis were predictive factors for long-term response. For patients in the favourable risk group, the lack of brain metastasis was a predictor of long-term response. In the intermediate-poor risk group, prior nephrectomy and ECOG PS <1 were predictive factors for long-term response. Some individuals with mRCC may experience a durable response to TKIs. The likelihood of a long-term response can be determined by factors such as nephrectomy, ECOG PS < 1, and the absence of brain metastases.
Contribution of A.V. Petrovsky to the Formation of the History of Concepts of in Psychological Science (To the 100th Anniversary of His Birth)
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Mazilov Vladimir , Vlasov Nikita ,   Russian University of State for Social, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The article examines the contribution of the famous Soviet and Russian psychologist Arthur Vladimirovich Petrovsky (1924–2006) to the formation of the history of concepts of psychological science. It is argued that although the study of concepts (categories) in recent years has become increasingly important in Russian psychology as a kind of self-reflection strategy, the problem of the conceptual field of this science was first posed half a century ago and still remains unresolved. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of A.V. Pe trovsky in the formation of the history of the concepts of psychological science; the main task is to analyze the author's main publications on this topic in order to identify his research on the transformations of the meanings of the basic concepts of psychology in the course of its historical development. The main method of research was the bibliographic method, the source base consisted of textbooks and monographs written by the scientist mainly in the 1990s. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that thanks to the efforts of A.V. Petrovsky, the interest of the professional community in the problem of the categorical and conceptual apparatus of psychology was supported during the crisis period for Russian science, research in this field was updated, the development of a categorical “grid” of psychology was carried out in line with the created and developed by him and his co-authors (V.A. Petrovsky, M.G. Yaroshevskiy) theoretical psychology, the history of the concepts of “attitude” and “personality” was studied. Based on this, it is possible to state that the significant contribution of A.V. Petrovsky is included in the conceptual history of psychological science in our country, and he himself is considered one of the pioneers of this kind of research in Russia.
Groups in the Inclusive Category: Ingroup Projection and Its Impact on the Covert Forms of Prejudice Enhancement
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kotova Marina
Published: June 2024

Current analysis represents a rationale for the relationship between the two concepts: “ingroup projection” and “covert prejudice”, and the phenomena behind them. Prototypicality allows group members to consider their ingroup as the most normatively “correct” one. When studying ingroup projection, the primary focus of attention was a negative attitude towards another group, expressed openly, but in recent decades, researchers have increasingly documented the transformation of prejudice into covert, subtle forms: symbolic, ambivalent or aversive (Brown, 2010). Covert forms of prejudice or, in other words, a hidden negative attitudes towards another group attract the attention of researchers primarily due to the sudden transition from an outwardly neutral or positive attitude to a negative evaluation of an outgroup with a subsequent behavior. However, a precise comparison of ingroup projection and forms of covert prejudice has not previously been carried out in the scientific literature. Our analysis reveals that ingroup projection can be considered as a tool for a cover prejudice maintaining and enhancement. Moreover, this support might be different for different forms of covert prejudice. The most significant relationship is to be expected for symbolic forms, forms that mainly reflect a search for ways of an outwardly legitimate cover for a negative attitude towards other groups. Ambivalent forms of prejudice can both intensify and transform into other forms (for example, dehumanization) with the strengthening of the ingroup projection. Aversive bias, we suggested, should be less related to the ingroup projection; nevertheless, the social norms of interaction that ingroup projection can make both clear and vague take on special significance in this case. The paper ends with a discussion of the directions for studying the relationship between ingroup projection and forms of cover prejudice in the Russian context. In particular, the civic identity content of the inhabitants of Russia is discussed, and the conflict between value orientations that can lead to the transition of prejudices into covert forms is considered.
The Effect of Coherence Level and Assumption Form on the Wason Selection Task Solution
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Romashchuk Alexander , Lukianova Valeria ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The Wason selection task is designed as a refutation attitude and based on the K. Popper principle of falsificationism. The numerous studies have revealed that specific forms of the task are solved better than abstract ones. However, researchers explain this phenomenon differently. The aim of the study is to introduce and explain the better solution effect by varying the coherence level and the assumption form of selection task conditions. The notion of “coherence” is introduced in the theory-theory concept approach to denote the connection between two concepts, as well as between the attributes of one concept. We have introduced three levels of coherence: formal coherence means the absence of any meaningful connection, external coherence implies the presence of an external “context”, and internal coherence includes the causal connection between the assumption concepts as well. Based on the selection task modifications analysis, it was found that conditions are implicitly formulated in the form of rules or hypotheses, which implies different testing strategies. The following hypotheses were tested: 1) the selection task solving efficiency will increase with the growth in the assumption attributes coherence level; 2) tasks with rules will be solved better than tasks with hypotheses on the same assumption attributes coherence level. The sample includes 193 subjects (median age 23 years, 60% female, 51% with higher education). Selection task modifications were used as stimulus material, where the coherence levels and the assumption form were varied. As a result, both hypotheses found statistical support. The novelty of this paper lies in the methodological separation of selection task modifications both by the assumption form — rules or hypo - theses, and by the coherence level of the tested assumption — formal, external and internal. The introduction of two forms and three levels of assumption coherence allows us to integrate the selection task solution factors revealed in different studies within a single explanation of the inclusion of the tested assumption in different kinds of theories.
Population Pressure and Changing Land Use Land Cover in Morigaon District, Assam, India - A Geospatial Analysis
Authors:   Department of Earth Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, 793101, Meghalaya, India, Bora Rimlee , Bora Ashok Kumar
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study intends to prioritize the underlying mechanisms underpinning the spatial-temporal variations in Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) change in the Morigaon district, located in the middle part of Brahmaputra valley of Assam, India covering an area of 1498 km2.At the same time, this study focuses on the impact of population pressure on changing LULC in the study area. Methods: This research adopted geospatial approach for analysing land use land cover change in the study area. Satellite images from the years 1992 to 2022 have been utilized to identify the land transformation. The analysis of the land transformation has taken into account the five main LULC classifications of agriculture, forest, water bodies, built-up lands, and sand deposits. It has been discovered that the LULC classes identified in this study, which comprise both natural and anthropogenic elements, have a very strong link with the population growth in the Morigaon district. To show the relationship between population expansion and LULC indicators Pearson correlation method is used. Findings: Water bodies, forests and agriculture have significantly decreased by 0.13%, 4.66% and 1.64% respectively due to substantial anthropogenic activity during the past 30 years. In contrast, sand deposits and built-up lands increased by 3.13% and 3.30%. To show the relationship between population expansion and LULC indicators Pearson correlation method is used. Very significant relationships have been found between population and built-up lands with rho value 0.95. The relationship between population with agriculture, forest, water bodies and sand deposits have been seen with rho value -0.51, -0.89, -0.64 and 0.97 respectively. The loss of the geographic extent of natural classes like water bodies, forests, signifies that the geometrical progression in the human population has greatly amplified anthropogenic activities. Novelty: The novelty lies in adopting geospatial techniques that would certainly enhance land resource conservation. Environmental concerns have been increasing due to significant land surface change, which is predominantly the result of human-induced activities. In the studied area, socioeconomic, demographic, and proximity factors have a significant impact on the LULC change processes. The findings can be utilized to forecast potential LULC scenarios and offer direction for land management strategy. Keywords: LULC, Satellite Images, Anthropogenic, Pearson Correlation, Proximity Factor
An Efficient Hypertuned DNN Based Approach for Pneumonia Detection
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, Thakur College of Engineering and Technology, Mumbai, 400101, Maharashtra, India, Salkade Sayali Abhijeet , Rathi Sheetal
Published: June 2024

Objectives: To create a deep learning system for pneumonia detection that is both effective and gradually optimized. Methods: A customized CNN is used with an incremental approach for pneumonia classification and detection. Starting with a baseline model, hypertuning parameters such as four convolution layers with filters of 16, 32, 64, and 128 sizes, a dropout layer with values of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, four batch normalization layers, and an Adam optimizer are added. A total images of 5,863 for training, 624 for testing, and 16 for validation from the Paul Mooney dataset were used to test the suggested model. Findings: The study recorded a test accuracy of 94% for the customized CNN followed by ResNet50 at 79.9%, VGG16 at 90.14%, VGG19 at 82.21%, InceptionV3 at 74.51%, and EfficientNetB1 at 83.17%. Recall of 98.20%, accuracy of 85.55%, AUC of 93.52%, and F1_score of 92.45% obtained were all fairly excellent for the customized CNN. 15 epochs, a learning rate of 0.0001, callbacks with a patience of 3, and an early stopping feature were applied to the training model. Novelty: Five convolution blocks, two separable convolution layers, one batch normalization layer, one maxpooling layer, and a fully connected layer with an Adam optimizer were all included in the customized CNN that was developed to identify and categorize pneumonia. With Explainable AI's GradCAM technology, pneumonia-infected areas on chest X-rays were highlighted and the sickness was seen. Keywords: Customized CNN, VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, Explainable AI
Effects of Smartphone Addiction on the Physical and Mental Well-being of Indian Students
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Medicaps University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, Tater Bindiya , John Kishor
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the influence of varying levels of addiction, ranging from no addiction to extremely high addiction, on the physical and mental well-being of Indian students. Methods: The study is descriptive and based on the survey method. The six constructs and 15 physical and mental well-being items were assessed on the 5-point Likert scale. The composite scores were computed and classified into five categories. Findings: The results revealed that students aged 18-22 and 23-27 heavily rely on smartphones to explore their identity, socialize, and engage in academic and professional endeavours; male and female students and 91% of Professional/vocational training students exhibit the highest frequency of moderate addiction. Students (39%) spend 2-4 hours on smartphones daily based on individual preferences, habits, and lifestyle factors. A positive correlation was found between age and addiction group as well as between addiction group and smartphone usage, and negative correlations were found between smartphone usage and age groups. A significant correlation exists between an inability to control carvings (ICC), dependency (D), Conflict (C), Over-Usage (OU) and Withdrawal and Escape (WE), and all these have the greatest contribution to the first variate. MANOVA Analysis Pillai's Trace (<0.001); Wilks' Lambda (<0.001); Hotelling's Trace (<0.001); Roy's Largest Root (<0.001) revealed substantial disparities among groups stratified by addiction severity spanning from no addiction to extremely high addiction across a spectrum of physical and mental well-being dimensions among Indian students. The discriminant function plot effectively illustrated the discernment achieved in varying levels of smartphone addiction, notably accentuating differences among moderate (0.370), high (1.091), and extremely high (1.803) addiction categories. Novelty: This study investigated how varying levels of addiction exert influence on both physical and mental well-being and shed new light on this multifaceted relationship, particularly among students within the context of Indian academia. Keywords: Smartphone Addiction, Physical and Mental Well­being, Usage Patterns, Smartphones, Indians, Students
A Mathematical Model for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with Combination Therapy
Authors:   PG & Research Department of Mathematics, Bishop Heber College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Trichy, 620 017, Tamil Nadu, India, Lavanya G , Jasmine D
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is usually treated with surgery and radioactive iodine therapy. However, in advanced stages, molecular changes can lead to a progressive loss of sensitivity to iodine, making the cancer resistant to radioactive iodine treatment (known as radioactive iodine-refractory, or RAIR). For cases of RAIR-DTC, alternative treatments such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy are explored. To better understand the dynamics of these alternative treatments, a new mathematical model has been developed. In this model, Sorafenib represents the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, while Pembrolizumab is the immunotherapy agent under investigation. Methods: Two mathematical models were developed based on systems of ordinary differential equations to study differentiated thyroid cancer treated with (1) Sorafenib alone and (2) a combination of a Sorafenib and Pembrolizumab. The first model included three variables: drug concentration of Sorafenib, number of cancer cells, and number of immune cells with fourteen parameters. The second model additionally incorporated the concentration of the Pembrolizumab. Parameter values were estimated through simulations utilizing the fmincon optimization technique in MATLAB. Local asymptotic stability analysis was performed to investigate the models' behavior around equilibrium points. Moreover, the Lyapunov method was employed to establish global asymptotic stability of the models. Findings: The findings revealed insights into the dynamics of treating RAIR-DTC patients with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy. The stability analysis contributed to the understanding of the system's behavior under different conditions, offering valuable information for clinical application. Numerical simulations were then performed using Simbiology in MATLAB to simulate the treatment dynamics over time. Novelty: This research contributes to the field by presenting a novel mathematical model that integrates tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy for the treatment of RAIR-DTC. The comprehensive analysis of equation stability enhances the reliability of the model, while the numerical simulations provide a practical and visual tool for assessing the potential outcomes of the proposed therapeutic strategy. This study offers a valuable framework for further exploration and refinement of treatment approaches for patients with challenging DTC cases. Keywords: Mathematical modeling, Routh Hurwitz Criteria, Jacobian, Differentiated thyroid Cancer, Stability Analysis
Analyzing the Non-compositionality of Conceptual Combinations
Authors:   Department of Physics, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India, Singh Swati
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This research is first of its kind to investigate the application of quantum mechanics and related mathematical models to cognitive science, specifically focusing on the challenge of modeling how the human mind assigns meaning to combinations of words. The primary objective is to classify whether given word combinations are compositional or non-compositional. Methods: The author introduces the "WWW method," which leverages the World Wide Web (WWW) as an experimental tool in place of human subjects, which makes this method cheaper and handy in comparison to the earlier methods which used human subjects for spoken and sign language studies and robots as non-human subjects. The "WWW method" involves checking the adherence to Bell inequalities and marginal selectivity. The term "meaning bound" is introduced to quantify the extent to which two words influence each other's meaning within a combination. This concept proves instrumental in devising a method for assessing compositionality using the WWW method. Findings: When the WWW serves as the information space, the verification of whether a word combination adheres to Bell inequalities entails determining if the meaning bound for the word combination (AB & C) exceeds that of its constituent parts (A & C, B & C) within the conceptual combination AB. Marginal selectivity is evaluated by establishing a vector model for grammatically framed word combinations, utilizing the WWW to collect data. If the word combination 'A then B' yields an equivalent number of hits as 'B then A,' it signifies that the word combination AB satisfies marginal selectivity. Novelty: Consequently, this research presents an accessible approach to identifying entangled pairs of word combinations using the WWW method, eliminating the need for human subject experiments. The earlier studies which include human subjects are costly and cannot be replicated anytime-anywhere, for obvious reasons. Keywords: Quantum cognition, Marginal selectivity, Compositionality, WWW method, CHSH inequality
A Note on the Application of Identity Matrix
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, Kannur University, Kerala, India, Nambiar Arunodhaya K , Adiyodi Amrutha K , Shanker Sanil
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The Identity Matrix is an important notion in linear algebra with various applications across computational and mathematical domains. The objective of the paper is to introduce a novel method for transposing matrices by utilizing the properties of Identity Matrix as agent. Method: In the proposed method, the input matrix performs Sum of Product (SOP) operations with the Identity Matrix gives the transpose. This involves describing specific mathematical operations that exploit the properties of the Identity Matrix to achieve matrix transpose. Findings: The results show that the Identity Matrix can be used to transpose binary, non- binary and complex matrices. The paper explores results obtained through empirical studies. The result shows that the algorithm runs in polynomial time. Novelty: The case study explores the application of the Identity Matrix for transposing the binary, non- binary and complex matrices with the support of examples and implementation. The uniqueness of the method is its competence to transpose matrix by operating the Sum of Product (SOP) structure. The method of matrix transpose by briefing Identity Matrix as the agent can be applied to develop a way of research to address artificial intelligence problems. Keywords: Agent­ Based Simulation, Binary Matrix, Complex Matrix, Identity Matrix, Matrix Transpose, Sum of Product
Assessment of tuberculosis transmission probability in three Thai prisons based on five dynamic models v1
Authors: Mahawan Nithinan , Rattananupong Thanapoom , Sri-Uam Puchong
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to assess and compare the probability of tuberculosis (TB) transmission based on five dynamic models: the Wells–Riley equation, two Rudnick & Milton-proposed models based on air changes per hour (ACH) and liters per second per person (L/s/p), the model proposed by Issarow et al, and the Applied Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) TB transmission model. The study also aimed to determine the impact of model parameters on such probabilities in three Thai prisons. The results revealed that the median (Quartiles 1 and 3) of TB transmission probability among these cells was 0.052 (0.017, 0.180). Compared with the pioneered Wells–Riley’s model, the remaining models projected discrepant TB transmission probability from less to more commensurate to the degree of model modification from the pioneered model as follows: Rudnick & Milton (ACH), Issarow et al., and Rudnick & Milton (L/s/p), and the applied SEIR models. The ventilation rate and the number of infectious TB patients in each cell or zone had the greatest impact on the estimated TB transmission probability in most models. All stakeholders must urgently address these influential parameters to reduce TB transmission in prisons.
Technology for Public Service Translators and Interpreters in Spain: Enhancing Employability Through Training
Authors:   Universidad de Alcalá, Vitalaru Bianca , Pena Díaz Carmen ,   Universidad de Alcalá
Published: June 2024

Despite rapid technological advances and how they affect public service interpreting and translation (psit), as a subfield of translation and interpretation, very few studies focus on how technological competence affects or facilitates employability in psit. This descriptive study carried out among graduates of the University of Alcalá’s psit programme intends to fill that gap by examining the usefulness of its technology-related training. This descriptive case study sought (1) to establish which technological tools graduates had to use in their jobs and the technological requirements in the labour market for psit; (2) to establish potential differences between the T&I and the psit sectors regarding technological requirements or needs; and (3) to assess how useful the training received was. Findings show similarities in the use of sources and tools in both T&I and psit, but also differences in information mining sources, highlighting varied needs. Moreover, although computer-assisted-translation tools and machine translation are widely demanded nowadays, their use by graduates was shown to be lower than expected. This study gives critical insights for researchers, trainers, and programme designers to ensure that their syllabi encompass comprehensive content tailored to both in-house and freelance translators to increase their employability.
Diagnóstico humanizado: El paciente en el centro - la comunicación que cura
Authors: Caballero-Sonzini Luis María
Published: June 2024

Throughout this text, the importance of creating humanized diagnostic protocols is discussed. These should allow healthcare professionals to provide clear and truthful information about pathologies and/or disabilities in a humane and delicate manner, facilitating their understanding by the patient and their family. Humanized diagnosis is not just part of a "politeness" protocol in the doctor-patient relationship, but an integral and relevant part of the procedure for treating a disease or disability. This approach requires an interdisciplinary perspective, as there are elements that are linked to the strictly medical-scientific, legal-legislative-jurisprudential, and political aspects of this topic.
Submitted: 02/23/24| Revision: 04/24/24| Approved: 04/25/24
A história de construção das Portarias de Consolidação do Sistema Único de Saúde: um marco normativo
Authors: Mendes Daphne Sarah Gomes Jacob , Rodrigues Maria Ester Simões Nogueira , Montagner Miguel Ângelo
Published: June 2024

To present, through an analytical review, the work 'Consolidation, Simplification, and Review of the Infralegal Normative Arch of Health: one project, many voices', published by CONASS, which narrates the biographical history of a pioneering and innovative project in consolidating the infralegal normative arch of the Unified Health System. 
Submission: 05/09/24| Review: 05/13/24| Approval: 05/13/24
The Relationship Between Topics, Negativity, and User Engagement in Election Campaigns on Facebook
Authors: Balaban Delia Cristina , Macková Alena , Burai Krisztina , Grechanaya Tamara , Gërguri Dren
Published: June 2024

Negativity is a common feature of current online political communication during elections. Previous studies on negativity and its impact on user engagement focused mainly on Western European countries. Considering the political particularities of the Central and Eastern European countries, the present study focused on Czechia, Hungary, Lithuania, the Republic of Moldova, and Romania, where national election campaigns took place from 2020 to 2022. We aimed to investigate comparatively different topics prevalent in the negative messages and look at users’ engagement with negative communication. We applied manual content analysis of N = 4,095 Facebook posts published four weeks before the elections by political parties elected in the national parliament. Results showed significant differences across countries using negative messages and the associated topics. The posts’ highest rate of negative statements was identified in Czechia (52%), while the lowest was in Lithuania (17%). There are topics consistently associated with negative statements across most countries, such as corruption, economy and finance, foreign policy, labor, and social issues. However, given that those elections took place during the Covid-19 pandemic in Czechia, Lithuania, Romania, and the Republic of Moldova and, in Hungary, after Russia invaded Ukraine, we also identified contextual topics such as health, war, and conflicts with other countries and defense that were mainly associated with negative messages. Furthermore, negative posts generate more reactions and comments than posts containing no negative statements. Addressing foreign policy in negative posts generates significantly more reactions and comments.
A Consistent Picture? Issue‐Based Campaigning on Facebook During the 2021 German Federal Election Campaign
Authors: Haßler Jörg , Wurst Anna-Katharina , Pohl Katharina , Kruschinski Simon
Published: June 2024

In times of declining party identification, political parties need to persuade and mobilize their voters from election to election. Setting topics in such a way that voters are convinced to cast their vote has become an essential prerequisite for success in modern election campaigns. Social media are suitable for this, as parties can set their own topics or highlight the topics most important to the voters and communicate them to a large audience in organic posts or target specific voter groups with ads. While tendencies of issue ownership in posts on Facebook are repeatedly shown empirically, there is a lack of studies investigating which strategies parties follow in their investment decisions on Facebook ads. Based on theoretical expectations derived from the literature about digital political marketing and issue prioritization in election campaigns, this article investigates whether parties communicated consistently on Facebook with regard to the issues they set in organic posts, sponsored posts, and ads during the 2021 German federal election campaign. The results of a manual quantitative content analysis (n = 1,029 posts, n = 1,197 sponsored posts, n = 2,643 ads) show that parties focused on issue ownership in their posts. Still, their investments in sponsored posts and ads followed different strategies. Here, most parties highlighted social policy, contradicting issue ownership for some parties. The article provides novel insights into digital campaigning and discusses the extent to which parties can engage audiences beyond their organic reach within party-affiliated audiences.
Political Issues in Social Media Campaigns for National Elections: A Plea for Comparative Research
Authors: Bene Márton , Magin Melanie , Haßler Jörg
Published: June 2024

As ideological, class-based voting has waned, issue-based voting has become more prevalent. Political parties can sway election outcomes by promoting certain topics, particularly on social media, which has become pivotal to political communication. However, our understanding of political actors’ social media strategies remains limited. This thematic issue, based on the international research project Digital Election Campaigning Worldwide (DigiWorld), aims to broaden such understanding. Examining 14 countries across Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, Latin America, and Oceania, the 10 articles in this issue reveal diverse approaches to issue-based political communication on social media, emphasizing the significance of comparative research in this field.
Quality of Life Questionnaire Validation for Patients with Pelvic Bone Tumors
Authors: Tsyrenova E. B. , Shchelkova O. Yu. , Sushentsov E. A. , Sofronov D. I. , Agaev D. K. , Salieva D. A.
Published: June 2024

Quality of life of patients with orthopedic oncological pathology is one of the most important indicators of therapy and rehabilitation effectiveness, a parameter important for establishment of comprehensive approach involving teamwork from doctors and psychologists. Currently, there are many instruments for quality of life evaluation in patients with various chronic diseases including oncological but a specialized questionnaire for patients with pelvic bone tumors does not exist. Nonetheless, characteristics of quality of life of patients with this pathology should be considered for optimal management of psychological and rehabilitation measures, and their dynamics can serve as criteria of treatment and rehabilitation effectiveness.

Aim. To develop and test a quality of life questionnaire for patients who underwent surgery on the pelvic bones.

Materials and methods. The Quality of Life Questionnaire Pelvic Bone Tumor – 30 (QLQ PBT-30) was developed and tested in 37 patients with tumors of the pelvic bones (20 (54.1 %) males and 17 (45.9 %) females) who were under-going treatment at the General Oncology Division of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology. Mean patient age was 48.15 ± 8.95 years.

Results. Psychometric characteristics of the QLQ PBT-30 (validity, reliability) are quite high. Factor analysis confirms correspondence of the factor structure of the questionnaire to the proposed key. Every question contributes to the method structure confirmed by high values of Cronbach’s α.

Conclusion. Specialized questionnaire for patients who underwent surgical treatment on pelvic bones can be recommended for use in orthopedic oncology practice for more accurate evaluation of quality of life of patients with tumors of the pelvic bones.
Should the Future of AIS Conferences be Hybrid?
Authors:   Illinois State University, Carte Traci A. , Nelson Matthew L. ,   Illinois State University, Garfield Monica J. ,   Bentley University, Pouloudi Athanasia ,   Athens University of Economics and Business, Subramani Mani R. ,   University of Minnesota, Rodríguez-Abitia Guillermo ,   William & Mary, Paul Souren ,   Drexel University
Published: June 2024

Academic conferences provide a needed opportunity for academic community members to come together and share ideas. COVID-19 forced AIS to host conferences remotely for two years. From that experience, we learned a few things about virtualizing our conference activities including the potential for virtual conferences to widen participation and membership. In this paper, we reflect on that learning through a lens informed by reviewing published work on conference hybridization. We also make recommendations for how future conference chairs can think about AIS conferences. Changing how our conferences are delivered is risky, but simply returning to the old normal is also risky. As an association studying IT, discovering and championing the role of technology in conference experiences would seem to be a risk worth taking.
The Future of AIS Conferences Involves the Metaverse
Authors:   Georgia Southern University, Cuellar Michael J.
Published: June 2024

In this paper, I analyze the proposals made by Carte and associates and find them to be lacking in creating the “immersion” and “presence” needed to create the experience of face-to-face conferences. I offer alternative proposals for conferences using “metaverse” technologies. Various examples of technologies from science fiction and those existing today are examined for fitness for purpose. Then I describe how both full and hybrid conferences can be created using metaverse technologies that provide a more immersive experience with greater presence. The future of academic conferences involves the metaverse. While existing technology is primitive and barely adequate for the purpose, the continuous development of such technology indicates that it will mature and become increasingly effective for creating the conference experience. AIS should take a leadership position in developing the processes and methodology for using this technology for conferences and even in driving the development of the technology.
When a Dream Turns into a Nightmare: A Case Study of an Education Technology Startup to Uncover the Dark Side of Generative AI
Authors:   Universite Bourgogne Franche Comte, Dijon, Issa Helmi , Kadian Arjun ,   Florida International University, Ahuja Suchit ,   Concordia University, Nishant Rohit ,   Queen’s University Belfast, FSA ULaval - Universite Laval
Published: June 2024

The rise of generative AI has sparked a wave of innovation and created opportunities for organizations to deliver novel services to their customers. While much attention has been given to harnessing the potential of AI, there is limited research exploring its unintended consequences. This study aims to investigate the unintended outcomes of implementing Generative AI technologies such as ChatGPT in educational technology (EdTech) startups. By employing a qualitative case study methodology, we examine the experiences of a specific French EdTech startup that incorporated ChatGPT into its processes and activities. Our empirical analysis reveals three unintended consequences: impairment of digital agility, technostress, and process reengineering (redesign). Building on these findings and adopting the unique lens of AI ambidexterity, we present a comprehensive framework explaining how the interplay of these three themes impacted the startup's social, technical, and cognitive tiers.
Treatment of a patient with massive osteochondral exostosis of the radial neck: clinical case
Authors: Vasilyev Ivan A. , Maysigov Musa N. , Logvinov Alexey N. , Frolov Alexander V. , Bessonov Dmitry A. , Ilyin Dmitry O. , Korolev Andrey V.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Osteochondroma (osteochondral exostosis) is the most common benign neoplasm of bone tissue, accounting for up to 9% of all bone tumors. Possible manifestations of a single osteochondral exostosis are pain, a limited range of motion, compression of vascular or neural structures, and crepitus. The literature describes several clinical cases of the treatment of patients with osteochondral exostosis of the proximal radius. A distinguishing feature of the proximal radius’s anatomy is the close location of such anatomical structures as the posterior interosseous nerve, the enthesis of the distal biceps tendon, and the proximal radioulnar joint.
CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: This clinical case for the first time describes osteochondroma of the radial neck, which causes supination deficiency.
CONCLUSION: The surgical treatment allowed us to achieve excellent treatment results with the complete restoration of the function and range of motion in the elbow joint. The key aspect is the knowledge of this segment’s anatomy.