bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A APRENDIZAGEM ATIVA NO ENSINO DA DISCIPLINA DE PROJETO DE ARQUITETURA NA PUCPR, CURITIBA
Authors: ZUCCHERELLI MOARA
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo relata um experimento didático realizado na disciplina de Projeto de Arquitetura IV, no 3º. ano do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná – PUCPR, em Curitiba, durante o segundo semestre de 2018. O objetivo foi propor novas abordagens e procedimentos na disciplina – a utilização de Análise de Referências como ferramenta de grande importância no ensino-aprendizagem de projeto - e, para tanto, utilizar estratégias de Metodologia Ativa – neste caso, Sala de Aula Invertida e Estudo de Caso -, tendência que promove a motivação e o engajamento dos estudantes em uma aprendizagem mais efetiva. A metodologia adotada para o desenvolvimento deste estudo foi o redesenho da disciplina, com a montagem de um plano de ensino que assegurasse estratégias para a aprendizagem ativa e que apresentasse, de forma clara e objetiva, os resultados de aprendizagem, as habilidades e as competências esperadas. As mudanças foram aplicadas na disciplina e os resultados foram observados, registrados e analisados para possível ajuste ou reformulação futura. A experiência proporcionou levantar pontos positivos e pontos que precisam de atenção contínua na aplicação dos diferentes modelos de ensino. Este estudo pretende contribuir para a promoção de melhorias no ensino da disciplina de projeto e, por consequência, para a qualidade das nossas cidades.
MODELAGEM PARAMÉTRICA
Authors: Sousa Nilberto , Dionisi Alessio , Castro Clodoaldo
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta a proposta arquitetônica elaborada pela equipe que obteve o segundo lugar no concurso interno, intitulado Exercício de Concepção de um Elemento Arquitetônico, da disciplina Oficina de Projeto Computacional do Programa de Pós-graduação Profissional em Arquitetura, Projeto e Meio Ambiente da UFRN/Natal. O objetivo do concurso era projetar uma cobertura de forma complexa, que conectasse os prédios da graduação e da pós-graduação do curso de Arquitetura.  Dentre as diretrizes e restrições impostas pelo enunciado do exercício, destacam-se a concepção em modelagem paramétrica, o uso da madeira como material principal, o recobrimento da estrutura em telha, a preservação da espécie arbórea existente e a escolha por materiais disponíveis na universidade. O conceito da proposta é reverter restrições em potencialidades, e o projeto reinterpreta uma técnica construtiva vernacular, a oca indígena, cuja estabilidade estrutural resulta do arqueamento de um pontalete fincado na terra. A ripa é o material escolhido para compor a estrutura arqueada. O uso do Grasshopper se constituiu numa alternativa aos processos projetuais tradicionais como croquis à mão livre, modelagem em softwares Sketchup, maquete e mockup. O benefício do programa reside na rapidez com que formas são geradas sem que, para isso, novos modelos sejam elaborados. Ele é uma mudança de paradigma em relação aos softwares CAD convencionais, pois o processo inicial de projeto se volta mais aos parâmetros que estabelecem a forma do que o próprio desenho da forma em si. A interoperabilidade do Grasshopper com programas de cálculo estrutural é outro aspecto relevante desse processo projetual.
Os projetos premiados de Ramalho, Oba e Zamoner e a atualização da arquitetura brasileira nos anos 1970
Authors: Januário Isabella Caroline , Rego Renato Leão
Published: December 2021

Os arquitetos Joel Ramalho Junior, Leonardo Tossiaki Oba e Guilherme Zamoner Neto conquistaram o primeiro lugar em cinco concursos de arquitetura realizados nos anos de 1970: o edifício Sede do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico (BNDE) para Brasília (1973), mas construído no Rio de Janeiro (1974); a Praça e Monumento ao Migrante, em Cascavel (1976); o Edifício Anexo à Assembleia Legislativa do Paraná, em Curitiba (1976); o Centro de Exposições e Convenções do Estado de Pernambuco, no Recife (1977), e o Edifício Sede para a Terrafoto AS – Atividade de Aerolevantamentos (projeto não construído de 1979), em Embu das Artes. Este artigo trata de analisar estes projetos para mostrar que, por um lado, eles não contestaram os pressupostos formais dos anos de 1950-1960, mas, por outro, buscaram respostas projetuais distintas daquelas configuradas pela expressão hegemônica da arquitetura modernista brasileira. Nesse sentido, o trabalho busca apontar as referências que embasaram estes projetos e contextualizá-las no panorama da arquitetura pós-Brasília. Com base na análise formal dos projetos e apoiado na revisão de literatura, o texto se vale da argumentação lógica para revelar que os projetos premiados de Ramalho, Oba e Zamoner fazem parte de um cenário de atualização do pensamento arquitetônico brasileiro, em Curitiba, na década de 1970.
Auxetic Polymer Foams: Production, Modeling and Applications
Authors: Hamdi Ouassim , Rodrigue Denis
Published: December 2021

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Auxetic materials have high potential due to their exceptional properties resulting from a negative Poisson’s ratio. Recently, several auxetic polymer-based materials have been developed. In fact, several applications are looking for a lightweight material (less material consumed in production and transport) while having high mechanical performances (impact absorption, rigidity, strength, resistance, etc.). So, a balance between density and toughness/strength is highly important, especially for military, sporting, and transport applications. So auxetic materials (especially foams) can provide high impact protection while limiting the material’s weight. This article presents a review of recent advances with a focus on auxetic polymers, with particular emphasis on the auxetic polymer foams in terms of their fabrication methods and processing conditions (depending on the nature of the cellular structure), the effect of the fabrication parameters on their final properties, as well as their models and potential applications.
Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) Intervention to Improve Self-Care Management of Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Kartika Annisa Wuri , W Widyatuti , Rekawati Etty
Published: December 2021

Self-care management is an important component in the management of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2). Knowledge, self-efficacy, and compliance in self-care are the main factors to improving quality of life and preventing complications. Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) in support groups was used in community nursing interventions to improve diabetes self-care management. This study used a one-group pre-post design with t-test analysis to determine the ability of self-management levels and blood sugar values of the group with diabetes before and after the intervention. The instrument used was the Diabetes Self Care Management Questionnaire (DSMQ). Diabetes Mellitus patients received DSME intervention for two months. The number of samplings in this study was 49 people with diabetes. The findings show that in intervention groups, self-care improves, and blood sugar levels fall. There were significant changes in the diabetics' group (n = 48) before and after the intervention on self-care and blood glucose levels (p = 0.000 and p = 0.011). We suggest that the DSME might be given to the diabetes group by nurses as one of the strategies for implementing health education in the public health care program (PERKESMAS).
Thermos Ability in Maintaining Crystalloid Liquid Temperature (Ringer’s Lactate and Normal Saline 0,9%): an Alternative in Maintaining Resuscitation Fluid Temperature
Authors:   Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Saputri Ninda , Wahid Abdurrahman , Nasution Tina Handayani , Negara Gia Eka
Published: December 2021

Haemorrhagic shock should be treated with fluid therapy at 390°C to avoid hypothermia. Storage of infusion fluid in a rice thermos is one method to maintain the temperature of the infusion fluid. This study aimed to determine the effect of using a thermos to maintain a temperature of 390C crystalloid liquid (ringer lactate and normal saline 0,9%) at a room temperature of 250C. This research method uses experimental quantitative (pre-experimental) with a one-shot case study design. Six bottles of Ringer's lactate and six bottles of normal saline 0,9% were warmed to 390C, then stored in a rice thermos at 250C and the temperature changes were measured for 6 hours. A digital thermometer was used to take measurements. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the data. The results show that the temperature of Ringer's lactate fluid was reduced by an average of 4,60C, and normal saline was reduced by an average of 4,30C. There was a significant difference in temperature changes in the ringer's lactate fluid and normal saline 0,9% (p=0,000;α=0,05). The results of the study were that the rice thermos was able to maintain the temperature of ringer's lactate fluid at 390C for 96 minutes and normal saline 0,9% for 78 minutes, while to prevent hypothermia (360C) ringer's lactate fluid for 4 hours 59 minutes and normal saline 0,9 % for 4 hours 55 minutes.
Process and Outcome Evaluations of Smartphone Apps for Bipolar Disorder: Scoping Review
Authors: Tatham Iona , Clarke Ellisiv , Grieve Kelly Ann , Kaushal Pulkit , Smeddinck Jan , Millar Evelyn Barron , Sharma Aditya Narain
Published: December 2021

Background

Mental health apps (MHAs) provide opportunities for accessible, immediate, and innovative approaches to better understand and support the treatment of mental health disorders, especially those with a high burden, such as bipolar disorder (BD). Many MHAs have been developed, but few have had their effectiveness evaluated.

Objective

This systematic scoping review explores current process and outcome measures of MHAs for BD with the aim to provide a comprehensive overview of current research. This will identify the best practice for evaluating MHAs for BD and inform future studies.

Methods

A systematic literature search of the health science databases PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCO, Scopus, and Web of Science was undertaken up to January 2021 (with no start date) to narratively assess how studies had evaluated MHAs for BD.

Results

Of 4051 original search results, 12 articles were included. These 12 studies included 435 participants, and of these, 343 had BD type I or II. Moreover, 11 of the 12 studies provided the ages (mean 37 years) of the participants. One study did not report age data. The male to female ratio of the 343 participants was 137:206. The most widely employed validated outcome measure was the Young Mania Rating Scale, being used 8 times. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17/Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used thrice; the Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, and Functional Assessment Staging Test were used twice; and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, EuroQoL 5-Dimension Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7, Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Major Depression Index, Morisky-Green 8-item, Perceived Stress Scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF were used once. Self-report measures were captured in 9 different studies, 6 of which used MONARCA. Mood and energy levels were the most commonly used self-report measures, being used 4 times each. Furthermore, 11 of the 12 studies discussed the various confounding factors and barriers to the use of MHAs for BD.

Conclusions

Reported low adherence rates, usability challenges, and privacy concerns act as barriers to the use of MHAs for BD. Moreover, as MHA evaluation is itself developing, guidance for clinicians in how to aid patient choices in mobile health needs to develop. These obstacles could be ameliorated by incorporating co-production and co-design using participatory patient approaches during the development and evaluation stages of MHAs for BD. Further, including qualitative aspects in trials that examine patient experience of both mental ill health and the MHA itself could result in a more patient-friendly fit-for-purpose MHA for BD.
A Novel, Scalable Social Media–Based Intervention (“Warna-Warni Waktu”) to Reduce Body Dissatisfaction Among Young Indonesian Women: Protocol for a Parallel Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Garbett Kirsty May , Craddock Nadia , Haywood Sharon , Nasution Kholisah , White Paul , Saraswati L Ayu , Medise Bernie Endyarni ,   Girl Effect,   Percolate Galactic, Diedrichs Phillippa C , Williamson Heidi
Published: December 2021

Background

Despite the prevalence of body dissatisfaction among young Indonesian women and its consequential negative impacts, there are currently no evidence-based, culturally appropriate interventions to tackle this issue. Therefore, there is a need to develop scalable, cost-effective, and accessible interventions to improve body image among this population.

Objective

This paper describes the study protocol of a parallel randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of Warna-Warni Waktu, a social media–based intervention that aims to reduce state and trait body dissatisfaction and improve mood among young Indonesian women aged 15-19 years.

Methods

The trial will take place online. Approximately 1800 young women from 10 cities in Indonesia, evenly split across the ages of 15-19 years, will be recruited via a local research agency’s established research panel. Participants will be randomly allocated to the intervention condition or a waitlist control condition. The intervention consists of six 5-minute videos, with each video supplemented with up to five brief interactive activities. The videos (and associated activities) will be delivered at a rate of one per day across 6 days. All participants will complete three self-report assessments: at baseline (Day 1), 1 day following the intervention (Day 9), and 1 month following the intervention (Day 36). The primary outcome will be change in trait body dissatisfaction. Secondary outcomes include change in internalization of appearance ideals, trait mood, and skin shade satisfaction. Intervention effectiveness on these outcomes will be analyzed using linear mixed models by a statistician blinded to the randomized condition. Intervention participants will also complete state measures of body satisfaction and mood before and after watching each video to assess the immediate impact of each video. This secondary analysis of state measures will be conducted at the within-group level.

Results

Recruitment began in October 2021, with baseline assessments underway shortly thereafter. The results of the study will be submitted for publication in 2022.

Conclusions

This is the first study to evaluate an eHealth intervention aimed at reducing body dissatisfaction among young Indonesian women. If effective, the intervention will be disseminated to over half a million young women in Indonesia via Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05023213; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05023213

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/33596
Peer Review of “Influence of the COVID-19 Lockdown on the Physical and Psychosocial Well-being and Work Productivity of Remote Workers: Cross-sectional Correlational Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Anonymous Reviewer
Published: December 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report.
Pengaruh Suhu Wet Rendering yang Berbeda terhadap Karakteristik Ekstrak Kasar Minyak Ikan Lele (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Martins Magdalena Januasni Jati , Purnamayati Lukita , Romadhon Romadhon
Published: December 2021

Pengolahan minyak isi perut ikan lele dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomi limbah ikan lele. Wet rendering merupakan metode yang sering digunakan untuk mengekstrak minyak ikan. Metode ini menggunakan panas dan air untuk membantu proses ekstraksi. Perlakuan suhu bertujuan untuk menggumpalkan protein dan merusak membran sel sehingga minyak dapat terekstrak keluar. Adanya air memudahkan pemisahan karena minyak yang terekstrak akan mengapung pada permukaan. Penggunaan suhu ekstraksi berpengaruh terhadap kualitas minyak ikan yang dihasilkan. Suhu ekstraksi yang tinggi menyebabkan penurunan kualitas minyak akibat terjadinya reaksi oksidasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu ekstraksi wet rendering terhadap karakteristik ekstrak kasar minyak isi perut ikan lele dan mengetahui suhu ekstraksi optimum berdasarkan karakteristik ekstrak minyak isi perut ikan lele yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan satu faktor yaitu perbedaan suhu ekstraksi wet rendering (80 °C, 90 °C, dan 100 °C) dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi suhu ekstraksi menghasilkan minyak isi perut ikan lele dengan rendemen yang semakin meningkat. Namun, kualitas minyak ikan semakin menurun yang ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya asam lemak bebas dan angka peroksida, yang berakibat pada penurunan nilai organoleptik, perubahan profil asam lemak dan slip melting point. Suhu 100 °C merupakan suhu ekstraksi terbaik dengan nilai organoleptik 7,87; rendemen 8,57%; slip melting point 37,53 °C; bilangan iod 16,01%; total SFA 42,9%; MUFA 31,8%; PUFA 11,51%; angka asam lemak bebas 2,00%; kadar air 0,56%; dan bilangan peroksida 7,26 meq/kg.
Effect of Rotten Butter Shock Load on Anaerobic Digestion of Chicken Manure
Authors: Sołowski Gaweł , Konkol Izabela , Shalaby Marwa
Published: December 2021

Anaerobic digestion is a popular method for improving fertilizing properties, but there is no report on the effect of shock load with butter on anaerobic digestion of chicken manure. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anaerobic digestion of chicken manure with butter addition. The volatile suspended solid (VSS) was set at 20g VSS/L with different butter additions from 0 to 60 g VSS/L and different oxygen flow rate (OFR) from 0 to 2.5 mL/h. The results showed that ammonia ranged from 0.072 g/L to 0.082 g/L, while the volatile acids ranged from 425 mg/L to 325 mg/L. The volatile organic acid was significantly influenced by a change in OFR compared to ammonia, while a correlation between hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide was observed. The results showed that the highest hydrogen and methane production was obtained at butter addition of 30 g VSS/L with OFR 1.4 mL/h with volumes of 78 mL and 25 L respectively. In addition, hydrogen sulfide emissions induced rapid growth with increase in butter concentration.
Silicic magmas in the Michoacán-Guanajuato Volcanic Field: an overview about plumbing systems, crustal storage and genesis processes
Authors: Sosa-Ceballos Giovanni , Boijseauneau-López Mario Emmanuel , Pérez-Orozco Juan Daniel , Cifuentes-Nava Gerardo , Bolós Xavier , Perton Mathieu , Simón-Velázquez David
Published: December 2021

The origin of silicic rocks in the Michoacán-Guanajuato volcanic field (MGVF) has been understudied since the volcanic field attracted the attention of researchers. Using geochemical, petrological and structural data from the literature, here we propose a model for the origin of silicic magmas. We found that all volcanic rocks known to date in the MGVF can be divided in 40 % andesite, 33 % basaltic andesite, 15 % basalt, 2 % trachybasalt to trachyandesite, and 10 % dacite-rhyolite. The structural systems that deformed the crust in the MGVF are NNW-SSE-oriented normal faults of the Taxco-San Miguel de Allende fault system, developed during the Oligocene, and the Morelia-Acambay fault system consisting of ENE-SSW to E-W sinistral strike-slip faults developed during the Oligocene-Miocene. In addition to bibliographic data, we present a gravimetric-magnetometric model to investigate the characteristics of the local basement where magmas acquire their final silicic composition, and a seismic tomography model to investigate the deep plumbing system that contribute to form the silicic rocks emplaced on the surface. The only report of assimilation experiments we found in the MGVF literature suggest that plagioclase and pyroxene are more easily digested than quartz by hotter magmas. The digestion of these mineral phases has a direct consequence on the generation of dacites and rhyolites. We propose that regardless of the genesis of andesitic melts, such intermediate magmas arrive to the upper-crust and are forced to evolve within local compression zones where they melt the local granitic basement and form crystal mushes. The compositional variability of silicic rocks in the MGVF is a consequence of the variable mixing between the intermediate magmas and the granitic partial melts.
Investigation of the Possibility of Building a Neural Fuzzy Logic Controller with Discrete Terms for Controlling and Automating Oil and Gas Engineering Facilities
Authors:   Leninogorsk branch of Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev - KAI, Sagdatullin A. M.
Published: December 2021

The issue of increasing the efficiency of functioning of classical control systems for technological processes and objects of oil and gas engineering is investigated. The relevance of this topic lies in the need to improve the quality of the control systems for the production and transportation of oil and gas. The purpose of the scientific work is to develop a neuro-fuzzy logic controller with discrete terms for the control and automation of pumping units and pumping stations. It is noted that fuzzy logic, neural network algorithms, together with control methods based on adaptation and synthesis of control objects, make it possible to learn the automation system and work under conditions of uncertainty. Methods for constructing classical control systems are studied, the advantages and disadvantages of fuzzy controllers, as the main control system, are analyzed. A method for constructing a control system based on a neuro-fuzzy controller with discrete terms in conditions of uncertainty and dynamic parameters of the process is proposed. The positive features of the proposed regulator include a combination of fuzzy reasoning about a technological object and mathematical predictive models, a fuzzy control system gains the possibility of subjective description based on neural network structures, as well as adaptation to the characteristics of the object. The graph of dependence for the term-set of the controlled parameter on the degree of membership is presented. A possible implementation of tracking the triggering of one of the rules of the neuro-fuzzy system in the format of functional block diagrams is presented. The process of forming an expert knowledge base in a neuro-fuzzy control system is considered. For analysis, a graph of the dependence of the output parameter values is shown. According to the results obtained, the deviation of the values for the model and the real process does not exceed 18%, which allows us to speak of a fairly stable operation of the neuro-fuzzy controller in automatic control systems.
Development of Information and Reference System on Ecology
Authors:   Kalashnikov ISTU, Yannikov I. M. , Telegina M. V. ,   Kalashnikov ISTU, Shestakova S. A. ,   Kalashnikov ISTU
Published: December 2021

The paper substantiates the need to develop an information and reference system for ecology. Since the volume of regulatory and legal information in this area is enormous, and in general, ecology and environmental protection simply cannot be taken into account, there is a need for a fairly prompt and simple search for the information necessary for the user. For this purpose, the main methods of information search are considered and systematized, and an analysis of the main systems for searching for reference and legal information available for general use is carried out. On the basis of the analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of the leading information and reference systems were revealed, which provided the basis for setting tasks for the development of a specialized information and reference system. The introduction shows the relevance of the search and storage of regulatory documents for use in work by persons engaged in ecologic and environmental protection activities. The authors proposed a technique for automatic information retrieval from Internet sources, which consists of the following procedures: searching for the necessary information, processing the information received, obtaining the necessary information, preparing information for loading into the system database, and updating the information. The stages of the system design from the formation of requirements for the system and the implementation of functional modeling to the description of the implementation of each module are shown. The structure of the information and reference system, consisting of modules for processing input information, extracting information, processing output information and a database, is described. When describing the system architecture, the system interface and examples of outputting the results of the parser's operaton are given. Finally, the results of testing the system and the expected benefits of implementation are described. The information and reference system, with certain settings, can be used in other areas of human activity, where it is necessary to search for relevant regulatory information of a certain profile.
Application of Agricultural Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Processing Agricultural Crops
Authors:   Aerospace Institute of Orenburg State University, Kudryavtsev D. V. , Magdin A. G. , Pripadchev A. D. , Gorbunov A. A.
Published: December 2021

The paper considers a new method of processing all the necessary surfaces of crops through the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). At the moment, the processing of all surfaces of tall shrubs and individual sections of trees with spot spraying of a chemical liquid on a large agro-industrial scale is not possible due to the imperfection of modern methods of processing agricultural crops. The proposed agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle, due to spot cultivation of crops, is able to increase yields and bring additional profits to agricultural farmers. Ease of operation is the most important advantage of the proposed UAV, for the processing of crops using this UAV does not require special skills, as, for example, when operating agricultural aircraft and ground equipment. Depending on the type of crops and the characteristics of the local landscape, the proposed UAV for agricultural purposes will be spraying in the vertical direction (top to bottom) or at a given angle by changing the position of the lever and its further fixation on the boom, as well as processing in the horizontal plane. The degree of direct human participation in the control and management of the UAV is determined based on the choice of the mode of differential application of fertilizers and pesticides for a given area - stationary or dynamic. In an idealized system, a programmed electronic computer (ECM) in the form of a computer, capable of adjusting the flight and the introduction of chemical reagents in a constant mode, will assume the main role in controlling the movement by analyzing the readings of the instrument sensors. All this can be implemented in practice at the proper level with appropriate funding, and the results of such a project in the future will open a new stage in the sectoral processing of crops and pole crops.
DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING TRAJECTORY ON THE SET TOPIC FOR 7TH GRADE IN THE CONTEXT OF SEDEKAH LAUT TRADITION
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Khaeriyah Denti Zaedatul , Sari Dina Lita , Ilfiana Mila , Nursyahidah Farida
Published: December 2021

Set is an important topic to be mastered by students because it influences the development of mathematics in daily life. However, many students still have difficulty learning the topic. Therefore, it is necessary to design a learning trajectory using the appropriate approach, context, and media. This research resulted in the learning development using Sedekah Laut context to create meaningful learning and increase students' understanding of sets. The method used in this study was design research proposed by Gravemeijer & Cobb with three stages: preliminary design, experimental design (pilot experiments and teaching experiments), and retrospective analysis. However, this article only presented the results from the Preliminary design stage. The participants involved in this study were 7th-grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Semarang. The resulting hypothetical learning trajectory consists of a series of learning processes: observing context videos to find the concepts of sets, non-sets, empty sets, universal sets, and Venn diagrams; explaining the properties of the set; defining set operations; and solving problems related to sets.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE USE OF GOOGLE CLASSROOM FOR MATHEMATICS ONLINE LEARNING VIEWED FROM STUDENTS’ READINESS
Authors: Annurwanda Pradipta , Winata Rahmat
Published: December 2021

Google Classroom is an online learning app that can be used for free and offers many features to support the online learning system and the implementation of Google Classroom must consider the students' readiness in accessing Google Classroom because many students have difficulty in the learning process, which affects the decline in student assignments and exam scores. The purpose of this study was to describe students’ perception towards the use of Google Classroom in mathematics learning in terms of students' readiness to take online learning. This study was conducted using a survey on 91 mathematics education students of STKIP Pamane Talino. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. The survey results showed that the level of readiness of students was 74.60% in the very good category. The effectiveness of Google Classroom implementation on online learning was 71.24% (very good); the use of Google Classroom is effective in learning mathematics in terms of students’ readiness for online learning. The results also show that students can access Google Classroom online to ask the tutors, work on assignments and view the answers to their assignments independently and regularly. Students find learning using Google Classroom is effective and fun because students can study material, discuss with teachers, and send assignments remotely.
Russian Language in Schools of Soviet Uzbekistan (the 30s–80s of the 20th century)
Authors:   Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Mustafaeva Nodira A.
Published: December 2021

The massive introduction of the study of the Russian language by the Soviet authorities in the schools of Uzbekistan entailed significant changes in the social and cultural landscape of the republic. The Bolshevik state, which carried out a mass experiment to create a “new society” and a “new man” for the first time in history, considered language as an object of special manipulations aimed at achieving certain, not quite linguistic goals. The sphere of application of the Russian language in Soviet Uzbekistan was constantly expanding. The period under review was also marked by a change in the vocabulary fund. A tendency to supplement the national vocabulary with words of Soviet-international origin began to manifest; the words and expressions contained in the potential of national languages, which once used by representatives of the previous generation intelligentsia, gradually started to go out of use. The situation began to worsen due to the multilingualism that arose in different years as a result of the evacuation and migration of the population to Uzbekistan. The number of multilingual speakers increased as a result of the introduction of the local population to industrial forms of production and inclusion in the appropriate social and cultural environment. The large-scale social and cultural engineering project undertaken by the Soviet state to ensure the compulsory teaching of the Russian language led to significant changes in the social and cultural contours of Uzbekistan society; and what is more, it influenced the forms of cultural identity of the indigenous population.
Teaching the Tatar language in Kazan institutes of higher education in the 1920s: from Old Turkic written language to the Dalton plan
Authors:   Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Bushueva Lyudmila A.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the process of the Tatar language teaching formation in Kazan institutes of higher education in the 1920s on the example of institutes in the Humanities sphere: the North-Eastern Archaeological and Ethnographic Institute, the Eastern Academy and the Tatar National Branch of the Eastern Pedagogical Institute. The research is based on a wide range of unpublished sources from the funds of the State Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan. The study examines the curriculum of the disciplines within which the Tatar language was studied, the teaching forms and methods, as well as the formation of a team of specialists who taught the language during that period. Special attention is given to the study of the socio-political conditions in which the Tatar language instruction developed. It has been established that in the first years of the Soviet regime, the Tatar language was taught in Kazan institutes mainly by orientalists. Therefore, teaching this subject was closely related to oriental studies and source studies disciplines. Students mastered not only the spoken Tatar language, but also learned to work with Old Turkic writing manuscripts. Teaching the Tatar language in the second half of the 1920s was aimed primarily at training teachers of the native language. That period was distinguished by the instability of curricula, the introduction of new teaching methods, including the Dalton plan, and also changes in teaching staff.
A importância do treinamento, reprodutibilidade e calibragem para a qualidade dos estudos
Authors: Susin Cristiano , Rösing Cassiano Kuchenbecker
Published: December 2021

Dentistry is undergoing a deep transformation in its way of producing, using and interpreting the scientific knowledge. The need for utilizing the best possible evidence for the understanding of the physical and biological processes, as well as to clinical decision making, has risen the interest in the study of subjects that were not regarded as important before. In this scene, the capacity of evaluating the quality of different studies and of producing them under international standards has enhanced the seeking for knowledge in scientific methodology. The way by which the data are obtained and the procedures are performed in research might definitively influence its capacity to generate evidence. Thus, training, reproducibility and calibration are principles that have to be part of everything concerning the process of creating and using the knowledge.
Estudo comparativo entre medidas cefalométricas frontais delineadas manualmente e computadorizadas
Authors: Mahl Célia Regina Winck , Fontanella Vania
Published: December 2021

From a frontal telerradiographies sample of 50 adult individuals, this work evaluated if differences exist among the rnedium values of linear and angular skeletal measurements obtained manually and through the computer programs SMTC, OrtoView, Radiocef and Orto Manager. On cach x-ray the manual Ricketts frontograrñ was accomplished and marked the points for cach one of the programs. The values obtained in each one of the five methods used were tabulated for each one of the measurements studied, and their averages compared by the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). It was verified to the postural symetry, that there are significant statistical differences among Orto Manager and the other methods, wich do not differ significantly to each other. For the averages of the other linear and angular measurements selected: maxilo-mandibular medium line, nasal width, nasal height, maxillary width, mandibular width and facial width, was verified that there are not significant statistical differences among the studied methods.
Intensity of land use by pasture as result of pedogeoclimatic characteristics and anthropogenic management
Authors: Calegario Arthur , Silva Demetrius da , Filho Elpídio Fernandes , Filgueiras Roberto , Pereira Luis Flávio , Rodrigues Ana Luiza
Published: December 2021

In the world, the most significant change in the ecosystems structure is
the conversion from natural land surface into cultivated systems. In
2018, 26.8% of the Brazilian territory was occupied by agricultural
activities, from which 73% is pasture. Considering that the management
adopted in Brazilian pastures is incipient and leads to degradation,
there is a need to characterize the state of the pastures to diagnose
the intensity of this use on the soil. However, the diagnosis of large
areas using satellites with more detailed resolution is limited by cloud
coverage and low temporal resolution. In this sense, the present work
aims to diagnose the intensity of land use by pastures (ILUP) in large
areas based on the mosaic of images from Landsat 8 (LS8), Landsat 7
(LS7), Sentinel-2 (S2), and MODIS. The methodology consists of
harmonizing the NDVI from LS7 and S2 satellites with LS8. For MODIS, the
harmonization was carried out based on ILUP obtained previously from
NDVI LS8. The methodology was applied at the Doce river basin (DRB). The
combination of different sensors allowed to overcome the cloud coverage
limitation. DRB has 61.3% of its area occupied by pastures and 78.2%
of them have some degree of degradation. ILUP was dependent on DRB’s
pedological and climatic characteristics. This dependence is enhanced
due to pasture management in the basin, mainly characterized by
continuous grazing, which commonly leads to overgrazing scenarios. The
areas with great rainfall seasonality and associated with
Acrisols/Cambisols are the most susceptible to degradation.
Index60 Identifies Individuals at Appreciable Risk for Stage 3 Among an Autoantibody-Positive Population With Normal 2-Hour Glucose Levels: Implications for Current Staging Criteria of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Nathan Brandon M. , Redondo Maria J. , Ismail Heba , Jacobsen Laura , Sims Emily K. , Palmer Jerry , Skyler Jay , Bocchino Laura , Geyer Susan , Sosenko Jay M.
Published: December 2021

Objective: We
assessed whether Index60, a composite measure of fasting C-peptide, 60-minute
C-peptide, and 60-minute glucose, could improve the metabolic staging of type 1
diabetes for progression to clinical disease (stage 3) among autoantibody
positive (Ab+) individuals with normal 2-hour glucose values (<140 mg/dL).

Research Design and Methods:
We analyzed 3058 Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Pathway to Prevention participants, with
2-hour glucose<140 mg/dL and Index60<1.00 values from baseline OGTTs. Characteristics
associated with type 1 diabetes (younger age, greater autoantibody positivity
[Ab+], higher HLA DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8
prevalence, lower C-peptide) were compared among four mutually exclusive
groups: top 2-hour glucose quartile only [HI-2HGLU], top Index60 quartile only
[HI-IND60], both top quartiles [HI-BOTH], neither top quartile [LO-BOTH]. Additionally,
within the 2-hour glucose distribution of <140 mg/dL, and separately within
the Index60<1.00 distribution, comparisons were made between those above or
below the medians.

Results: HI-IND60 and
HI-BOTH were younger, with greater frequency of >2 Ab+, and lower C-peptide levels
than either HI-2HGLU or LO-BOTH (all p<0.001). The cumulative incidence for stage
3 was greater for HI-IND60 and HI-BOTH than either HI-2HGLU or LO-BOTH (all
p<0.001). Those with Index60 values above the median were younger, had higher ≥2Ab+
(p<0.001) and DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8 prevalence
(p<0.001), and lower AUC C-peptide levels (p<0.001) than those
below. Those above the 2-hour glucose median had higher AUC C-peptide levels
(p<0.001), but otherwise did not differ from those below.

Conclusion: Index60 identifies
individuals with characteristics of type 1 diabetes at appreciable risk for progression
who would otherwise be missed by 2-hour glucose staging criteria.
Experimental and numerical simulation analysis of laser paint removal of aluminum alloy
Authors: Miao Runpeng , Wang Tao , Yao Tao , Hu Shaowu , Huang Xudong , Kang Qingchuan
Published: December 2021

This work simulates the process of nanosecond pulse laser cleaning of acrylic paint on 7075 aluminum alloy surfaces by establishing a finite element, three-dimensional, numerical, transient model. The resulting temperature field and ablation depth for the laser-cleaned paint layer are analyzed by changing the energy density and scanning speed of the Gaussian heat source, which are also verified experimentally. The results show that the scanning speed affects the cleaning efficiency as the overlap rate; a slower scanning speed gives a lower cleaning rate. An acceptable cleaning efficiency is obtained when the spot overlap rate is 50%. The maximum temperature of the paint and the substrate surface increases linearly with laser energy density. When the energy density reaches 24 J/cm2, the paint material in the irradiated laser area of the alloy surface is completely removed, and the ablation depth of the aluminum alloy base is 48.2 μm. Aluminum alloy cleaning experiments at a laser energy density of 24 J/cm2 and a scanning speed of 2000 mm/s can obtain a metal surface that meets the standards of painting processes. This article provides theoretical simulations of laser cleaning for paint removal and has theoretical guidance for cleaning operations.
Laser-assisted synthesis of Ag–Cu alloy nanoparticles with tunable surface plasmon resonance frequency in presence of external electric field
Authors: Ahmadinejad Ehsan , Mahdieh Mohammad Hossein
Published: December 2021

The present study aimed to synthesize the colloidal Ag–Cu alloy nanoparticles (NPs) in the presence of an external electric field. Synthesis of Ag–Cu alloy NPs is important because of their unique properties for antibacterial and antimicrobial activities. Colloidal Ag and Cu NPs were produced individually with nanosecond pulsed laser ablation in distilled water and were mixed in equal volume. The mixed colloid was postirradiated in the presence of an external DC electric field. The obtained colloidal NPs were characterized using various diagnostic methods. The results of this study demonstrated the long-term stability and oxidation resistance of colloidal Ag–Cu alloy NPs compared to the Ag and Cu NPs. Also, the results of this study showed that the external electric field reduces the average size of alloy NPs, and tune the surface plasmon resonance frequency.
“La Posta” y su incidencia en la construcción de tendencias políticas en los jóvenes de Guayaquil
Authors: López Cedeño Karla Carolina , Chávez André
Published: December 2021

El presente estudio analiza el impacto del contenido de la plataforma digital “La Posta” en la construcción de tendencias políticas por los colectivos juveniles guayaquileños. El mismo fue abordado desde un enfoque metodológico mixto, bajo un diseño no experimental, que demandó del empleo de los métodos deductivo e inductivo para el análisis de la información, así como la descripción y exploración en el tratamiento de los datos. Se aplicaron encuestas a una muestra comprendida por 202 jóvenes guayaquileños y se entrevistaron a dos periodistas del medio digital La Posta y a un periodista del diario EL UNIVERSO, empleándose, además, una ficha de observación al referido medio. En relación con los resultados, el contenido político que difunde la plataforma “La Posta” incide en la construcción de la opinión pública de los jóvenes universitarios de la ciudad de Guayaquil, en torno a los hechos políticos que tienen lugar a nivel nacional. Los formatos y recursos gráficos que usa este medio atraen la atención de los jóvenes, y buscan reactivar el debate político, la defensa de la democracia y la protección del Estado de Derecho. Al momento de hablar de las redes por las cuales, los jóvenes preferían informarse sobre los contenidos publicados por La Posta, se concluyó que Facebook y YouTube son las redes predilectas.
Taladradores de la madera (Scolytidae) en plantaciones de Tectona grandis L.f. (teca) del Trópico ecuatoriano
Authors: Solano Apuntes Edison Hidalgo , Belezaca Pinargote Carlos Eulogio , López Tobar Rolando Manuel , Macías Suárez Keberlin Patricia
Published: December 2021

Se evaluó la supervivencia de seis  especies de peces nativos continentales (Andinoacaras rivulatus , Cichlasoma festae,  Ichthyoelephas humeralis, Brycon dentex.Curimatorbis boulengeri, y Hoplias microhelepis) en su medio natural, en base a los datos de capturas en un rango de cinco años, realizada por ocho empresas de pesca extractiva, en el rio Vinces, en las zonas de Quevedo, Mocache y buena fé, para tal efecto se consideró el lugar de captura, la talla de las  especies en estudio,  cantidad en Kg de biomasa , con la finalidad de determinar el incremento o disminución de la población natural; para determinar el decremento de talla se consideró el peso medio de captura y la longitud estándar  media. Los datos fueron tomados de las capturas de 8 empresas de pesca extractiva de los cantones Quevedo, Mocache y Buena fé, Se determinó que existe una disminución del 66% de la biomasa de capturas en el quinquenio comprendido entre septiembre del 2015 a septiembre del 2019.  El número de peces provenientes de la captura refleja una disminución para las siguientes especies: bocachico 73.33%, dica 46%, vieja azul 53.1%, mientras que algunas especies han incrementado el número de peces, la dama incremento en un 46%, la vieja colorada 13.64% y guanchiche 2.5%. la talla máxima de captura reportó una disminución promedio del 42%.
Mediciones radiológicas de la articulación radio-cubital distal en ecuatorianos sin patología articular, hospital general Luis Vernaza
Authors: Guaman Novillo Edgar Emilio , Auad Saab Ángel Miguel , Jiménez Pinto Felipe
Published: December 2021

La patología de la muñeca representa un 14% de las lesiones en las extremidades y el 17 % de las lesiones tratadas en emergencia, por lo cual la evaluación de la misma es de suma importancia para el tratamiento de las mismas,con el fin de evitar complicaciones a futuro que incapacite a la persona afecta. Se presenta un estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo, donde se toma 200 radiografías en proyección estandarizada antero posterior y lateral de muñeca sana en pacientes de nacionalidad ecuatoriana midiendo goniométricamente la inclinación radial, altura radial, ángulo biestiloideo, varianza ulnar e inclinación volar de acuerdo a los estándares internacionales (no se incluyeron paciente con antecedentes traumáticos, deformidades o fracturas). Se obtuvo en las series radiológicas que la altura radial tubo una media de 10,07 ± 1,04, ángulo biestiloideo de 14,15 ±2,11, la inclinación radial de 22,31 ±2,09, la variancia ulnar de 0,57 ± 0,43 y la desviación volar de 7,56 ±1,91. Existieron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres en la angulación radial, ancho radial en anteroposterior y en lateral la inclinación volar. Se concluyó que todas las mediciones radiológicas encontradas en el estudio difieren de la literatura internacional, y de varios estudios a nivel Internacional, con excepción de la altura radial e inclinación radial que se asemejan a las mediciones presentadas en los estándares internacionales.