bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of cardiac biomarkers in early detection of cardiotoxicity in breast cancer treated with trastuzumab in the adjuvant setting: a systematic review
Authors: Una Cidon Esther , Hickish Tamas , Alonso Pilar
Published: March 2021

Trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) prolongs disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Although it is generally well tolerated, it has been associated with cardiotoxicity, mainly a reduction of left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), especially if the patient has received anthracyclines.It is generally known that a drop in LVEF has limited diagnostic ability. Therefore, the identification of serum biomarkers of cardiotoxicity, able to detect damage at an earlier phase, has become ideal. Troponins (conventional and high sensitive), natriuretic peptides, reactive C protein (CRP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), etc are different molecular markers which have been assessed to check their role in the detection of treatment induced cardiotoxicity (CTIC) with controversial results.OBJECTIVEThis systematic review will synthesize available evidence assessing the role of different serum biomarkers in early prediction of cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant trastuzumab.METHODS/DESIGNSystematic review conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Distinct scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, EBSCOhost, and PsycINFO were searched to aid in the investigation of the research problem.Randomized clinical trials (RCT) and observational studies of patients with early breast cancer receiving adjuvant trastuzumab were eligible for inclusion. Two investigators have independently evaluated those studies and used standardized data extraction templates to collect data on the study and patients’ characteristics.RESULTS 11 articles were selected, one RCT and ten observational studies. The most studied biomarker was N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) followed by troponins. Findings showed that NT-proBNP was not predictive of CTIC while conflictive results were seen with troponins.One study showed a predictive role of high sensitive (hs) CRP and another found a relationship with the levels of MPO.CONCLUSIONBiomarkers offer a unique potential to improve the effectiveness and safety of trastuzumab through timely detection of CTIC and prompt initiation of appropriate treatment. Troponins I and T have shown a predictive role in early detection of CTIC but further research would be needed to enable more insight and improve the overall patient outcome.
Learning Styles Preferences Using Fuzzy Logic System
Authors: Wan Shahidan Wan Nurshazelin , Ishak Nur Rusmawati , Muhamad Siti Nor Nadrah
Published: March 2021

Every individual has their own natural or habitual pattern of gathering and processing information in learning situations. The different environment between school and university studies will pose a significant impact on the learning style of students. The objectives of this study are to analyse the most preferred learning style among first-year diploma students in Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Perlis Branch and compare the preferred learning style among male and female students using the Fuzzy Logic System. There were nine variable inputs in determining the fuzzy logic learning styles which are reading likeness, by nature, thinking time, speaking rate, activity level, activity enjoyment, visual distraction, auditory distraction and using instruction to obtain the VARK (visual, auditory, read/write, kinaesthetic) learning styles output. The results showed that 32% of the students prefers visual learning styles based on the VARK questionnaire while for the fuzzy inferences system, 40% of the students prefer visual learning style. Additionally, 45% of male students preferred visual learning styles followed by reading/writing and kinaesthetic learning styles of 20%. Among female students, 34% of them also showed preferred visual learning styles, followed by reading/writing learning styles. It is concluded that the vast majority of UiTM Perlis Branch students prefers visual learning styles in their studies.
COMPARISON OF STATE AND TRAIT CONFIDENCE ON WHEELCHAIR TENNIS AND WHEELCHAIR BADMINTON ATHLETES
Authors: Abdullah Nagoor Meera , Nordin Fatin Nabilah , Mohamed Shapie Mohammad Nizam , Abdul Rahim Mohd Rahizam , Parnabas Vincent , Tumijan Wahidah
Published: March 2021

An individual’s mental state has been identified to play a significant role when performing a sport specific task. This ability leads to the success or failure of every athlete. The purpose of the study is to compare the level of state and trait self-confidence among athletes with disabilities. Total of 100 athletes (n = 100) comprises of 61 wheelchair tennis (WT) athletes and 39 wheelchair badminton (WB) athletes age range between 18-54 years voluntarily participated in the study. The athletes were practicing their sports at least from 2 to 18 years. The study uses the reliable instruments that is State Sport Confidence Inventory (SSCI) and Trait Sport Confidence Inventory (TSCI). The questionnaires were distributed during Malaysia Open Wheelchair Tennis Championship and MBPJ-MPM Paralympics Sport Carnival. Trait Sport Confidence Inventory (TSCI) was distributed among subjects approximately 24 hours before the competition and State Sport Confidence Inventory (SSCI) was distributed among subjects within 1 hour after end of the game. Paired-Sample T-test and IndependentSamples T-test data was analysed and shows mean difference of TSCI and SSCI among WT athletes and WB athletes was significant (P < 0.05). The mean of TSCI in WT is 4.59 and 4.69 in WB. Meanwhile, mean in SSCI for WT is 7.20 and 7.12 in WB. In conclusion, there is no difference in the level of self confidence among wheelchair tennis athletes and wheelchair badminton athletes. Selfconfidence has been linked as contributing factors to athletic performance. The current finding can assist coaches and athletes in understanding level of self-confidence before the competition.
PERCEPTION OF SPORT SCIENCE UNDERGRADUATES ON THE JIGSAW LEARNING METHOD
Authors: Eng Hoe Wee , Wei Fong Cheng
Published: March 2021

Recognising the potential of Jigsaw Learning Method (JLM) and limited research around its uses in higher education, this case study sought to explore the perceptions of sport science students’ on learning using the JLM. A total of 36 undergraduate students enrolling in the Sport and Exercise Psychology Course participated in this study. They were divided into groups and participated in JLM using a 2-hour lecture on ‘addictive and unhealthy behaviours’ with JLM materials uploaded into the Google Classroom. At the end of the JLM session, a reflective essay was carried out to find out students’ learning experience. The analysis of the perceptions of the students on JLM revealed two main themes which were ‘learning experience of JLM’ and ‘perceptions of their own and others’ abilities’. JLM is perceived as an effective learning strategy but students were concerned on the issue of deliverable content and accuracy of the team members’ responses. In this study, with its limitation, JLM proved that classroom learning could be educational and enriching.
Augmentation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in corrugated Channel: A Review Study
Authors: Jaffal Hayder
Published: March 2021

The corrugation configuration played an important role in heat transfer enhancement in many engineering applications such as heat exchangers, microchannel heat sink, solar collectors, etc. The significance of the corrugation configuration is manifested in its ability to offer a larger heat transfer area more than a straight channel. Besides, the periodic interruption and redeveloping of the thermal boundary layer which is an important feature offered by corrugation is remarkably enhanced the heat transfer. The researchers were keen to take advantage of these features and develop them by manipulating geometrical parameters to obtain the optimal results. The current work aims to collect available research data, which focused on improving heat transfer in corrugated channels and identifying the most important factors affecting the performance of corrugated channels. Among the studied shapes of the various operating conditions of the corrugated channels, the researchers unanimously agreed that the trapezoidal shape of the corrugations gives the best thermal improvement with a reasonable pressure drop inside the channels.
Evaluation Analysis of Double Coil Heat Exchanger for Heat Transfer Enhancement
Authors: Dawood Jumaah Itimad , Kh. Ali Senaa , A. Khadom Anees
Published: March 2021

In order to maximize the thermal efficiency of shell and coil heat exchangers, substantial research has been done and geometrical modification is one way to improve the exchange of thermal energy between two or more fluids. One of the peculiar features of coiled geometry is that the temperature distribution is highly variable along the circumferential section due to the centrifugal force induced in the fluid. Moreover, most researchers are concentrated on using a shell and single helical coil heat exchanger to enhance the heat transfer rate and thermal efficiency at different operating parameters. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate temperature variation ((T-1, T-2, T-3 and T-4) across a shell and single/double coil heat exchanger at different coil pitches, hot water flow rate, and cold-water flow rate along the outer surface of the coil using experimental and numerical analysis. For single and double coil heat exchangers, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is carried out using pure water with a hot water flow rate ranging between 1-2 l/min for the coil side heat exchanger. For single coil heat exchangers, the numerical analysis findings showed a good agreement with experimental four-temperature measurement results (T-1, T-2, T-3 and T-4) with an error rate of 1.80%, 3.05%, 5.34% and 2.17% respectively. Moreover, in the current double coil analysis, the hot outlet temperature decreased by 3.07% compared to a single coil (baseline case) at a 2.5L/min hot water flow rate. In addition, increasing the coil pitch will increase the contact between the hot fluid and the coil at a constant hot water flow rate and thereby decrease the hot fluid outlet temperature. Finally, a computational analysis was carried out to examine the flow structure inside single and double coil heat exchangers, and the findings indicated that the effect of centrifugal forces in double coil heat exchangers at various coil pitches caused the secondary flow to be substantially reduced.
Reinforced Concrete Semi Circular Deep Beams - Finite Element Investigation
Authors: Abdul-Razzaq Khattab Saleem , A. Talal Abdullah , H. Khaleel Wisam , M. Hameed Yahyia
Published: March 2021

This paper represents a parametric study utilizing finite element analysis for twenty-five reinforced concrete semi-circular deep beams. The parameters that were taken into consideration in the current work are radius, height, width, concrete compressive strength and number of supports. It is found that decreasing radius of beam by 16-66% leads to decrease the midspan positive moment, support negative moment, torsional moment and midspan deflection by about 0.3-20%, 2.4-25%, 2-24% and 29-85%, respectively, while the load capacity increases by about 23-158%. The midspan positive moment, support negative moment, torsional moment and load capacity increase by about 20-682%, 20-81%, 20-81% and 21-84%, respectively, whereas midspan deflection decreases by 7-17% when the beam height increases by about 16-66%. The positive moment, negative moment, torsional moment and load capacity increases by about 43-197%, 40-185%, 29-187% and 46-214%, respectively, whereas deflection decreases by about 1.4-3.3% when the beam width increases by about 16-66%. The positive moment, negative moment, torsional moment and load capacity increases by about 10-84%, 9-77%, 9-79% and 11-92%, respectively, whereas deflection decreases by about 0.1-0.5% when the compressive strength increases by 20-220%. Finally, it is found that the positive moment increases by about 36-47% when number of supports increased by 33-66%, while the negative moment increases by about 16-31% when number of supports decreases by 14-29%, whereas the torsional moments and deflection decreases by about 6-55% and 37-84%, respectively when number of supports increases by 33-133%, while load capacity increases by 156-969% when number of support increases by 33-133%.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI, DISIPLIN KERJA, DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN WARUNG MAK BENG CABANG UBUD
Authors: Rofianti Meira , Dewi I Gusti Ayu Manuati
Published: March 2021

Performance is the result of quality and quantity of work achieved by an employee in carrying out their duties in accordance with the responsibilities given. This study aims to analyze the effect of communication, work discipline, and compensation on employee performance. The research conducted at Warung Mak Beng, Ubud.. The number of respondents in the study are 40 people using saturated sampling. Data collection was carried out through interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is Multiple Linear Regression. The results shows that communication, work discipline, and compensation have  positive and significant effect on the performance of Warung Mak Beng employees. Efforts to improve employee performance at the company can be improved by establishing good communication between employees, obeying company-determined regulations, and fair compensation in accordance with workload.

Keywords: communication, work discipline, compensation, employee performance
Cavitation in atomizer channels of water-mist Fi-Fi systems
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Boroday S.
Published: March 2021

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses insufficient flow rate in a standard swirl atomizer of ma-rine water-mist Fi-Fi systems. The purpose of this study was to find the reasons for this insufficient flow rate and the ways to improve it. Materials and methods. This research was a computer-based simulation (in commercial ANSYS CFX package for engineering analysis) based on modern methods of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Main results. An upgraded swirler for high-flow atomizer preventing cavitation in its inner channels. Conclusion. These results make it possible to design atomizers and sprinklers of marine water-mist Fi-Fi systems with cavitation-free swirler channels.
Computer-based model of asynchronous electric propulsion drive with three stator windings
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kalinin I.
Published: March 2021

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses electric propulsion system of leader icebreaker. Its purpose was to develop mathematical and computer-based model of electric propulsion drive powered by asynchronous motor with three stator windings for further investigation of steady, transitional, asymmetric and emergency operation scenarios of electric power and propulsion system for the leader icebreaker. Materials and methods. Hardware and methods for computer-based simulation of complex engineering structures. Main results. Development of the mathematical model representing asynchronous motor with three windings in phase coordinates. Computational studies on direct startup of 15 MW propulsion motor, as well as on steady and transitional operational conditions of ship electric power system consisting of 36 MW synchronous genset, two-winding transformers and electric propulsion drive with 15 MW asynchronous motor in phase coordinates with three stator windings and three-level frequency converter. Calculation of voltage non-sinusoidality ratio for MSB buses with operation of 15 MW propulsion motor driven by 36 MW synchronous genset. Conclusion. Mathematical model of asynchronous motor suggested in this paper could be used to calculate steady and transitional operation scenarios of marine power systems with frequency-controlled three-winding asynchronous motor, as well as to calculate electromechanical and electromagnetic processes and refine frequency control algorithms. This is especially relevant because each of the asynchronous electric machines used in the electromechanical assemblies of leader icebreaker propulsion motors has three stator windings, and this icebreaker is the first experience of applying a 15 MW marine electric drive.
Chemical corrosion of catalysts in exhaust scrubbers of marine power plants
Authors:   Polzunov Altay State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia, Gorlova N.
Published: March 2021

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses exhaust gases of marine power plants. The purpose of this study was to investigate acid-mix corrosion of porous permeable catalysts in exhaust scrubbers. Materials and methods. Specially developed program of tests intended to analyse the effect of acid mix upon catalyst in marine exhaust scrubber, as well as the studies on sulfur-nitrogen acid mix upon corrosion behavior of porous permeable catalysts. Main results. The study yielded the data on acid-mix effect upon porous permeable catalysts used in marine exhaust scrubbers. Conclusion. The results of these tests made it possible to estimate how much the catalysts used in marine scrubbing systems are affected by their aggressive environments, as well as to suggest tailor-made compositions of catalytic materials so as to meet the requirements to exhaust cleaning quality.
Low-frequency vibration damping of a plate with high vibration losses
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kirpichnikov V. , Koscheev A. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Petrov A. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Savenko V. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: March 2021

Object and purpose of research. This work was an experimental check of the possibility to improve the efficiency of low-frequency vibration damping for structural plates with high initial losses of vibration energy. Materials and methods. Vibration dampers used in this study were resonant anti-vibration straps partially tuned to the frequency of intense plate vibrations. Main results. This work demonstrated the possibility of additional efficient vibration damping of a plate with high initial losses of energy at the lower frequencies of its bending resonances. Conclusion. It is shown that vibration dampers suggested by the authors are highly efficient, as well as feature lighter weight and lower thickness than conventional vibration dampers.
Peculiarities of surface layer response to local and global variations of temperature field at water-air boundary
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Zenchenko S.
Published: March 2021

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses surface layer at water-air boundary. The purpose of this work to investigate, in controllable conditions, the dynamics of surface layer properties depending on temperature variations. Materials and methods. Contact multi-channel tools for temperature and humidity control, as well as infrared tools for water surface temperature monitoring. Simulation of different thermal conditions at water-air boundary and low-intensity hydrophysical disturbances on the free surface. Main results. The study yielded simulation data and experimental confirmation of humidity fluctuations in the surface layer at different temperatures at water-air boundary in the conditions of low-intensity disturbances. Conclusion. This study yielded the data on qualitative changes in surface layer humidity based on the calculations as per simultaneously measured temperatures of water in the surface layer and near water-air boundary.
Efficiency calculation algorithm for laser bathymetry in hydrosphere based on physical & mathematical model
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Zavyalov A. , Patrakov Yu. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: March 2021

Object and purpose of research. Laser bathymetry, improvement and development of optical methods and instrumentation for marine environment studies. Materials and methods. Software in support of analytical methods for laser bathymetry taking into account hydrolidar parameters and probing routes. Main results. Efficiency improvement for calculation methods and demonstration of practical value for laser bathymetry in marine environment studies based on the developed physical & mathematical model. Conclusion. Calculation methods of laser bathymetry presented in this paper open new opportunities in lidar studies of marine environment at offshore oil fields of Northern seas.
Calculation procedure for design structural loads on large berth-connected ships
Authors:   Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Svistunov I. , Platonov V. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Tryaskin V. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: March 2021

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses large berth-connected ships. The purpose of this study was to develop a calculation procedure for design structural loads on the ships of this class. Materials and methods. Probabilistically determined model of ice load calculation for ice-compression scenario. Statistical data on thermal and ice regimes. Main results. Assessment procedure for local ice compression loads on berth-connected ships based on the probabilistically determined model intended for introduction to Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) rules for classification and con-struction of sea-going ships. Conclusion. This paper presents the procedure and main provisions of ice load assignment concept for berth-connected ships, used to develop the draft of RS Rules for ice strength of large berth-connected ships.
Transition from complex strained state to simple one under non-proportional loading: comparison of various approaches
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Filatov A.
Published: March 2021

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses ship structures. Its purpose is to compare the most common methods for transition from complex strained state to the simple one in calculations of fatigue strength under non-proportional loading. Materials and methods. This paper describes the method of absolute maximum principal stresses, the method of signed von Mises stresses, Sins method and critical-plane method. Main results. Analysis of time histories for design stresses obtained as per above-mentioned methods for the simplest examples of non-proportional loading. The comparison of these results was illustrated by a case study (loading of an icebreaker propulsion shaft). Conclusion. It is shown that, of all the methods discussed in this paper, only critical-plane method can fully take the loading process into account. None of the other methods can take into account the changes in orientation of principal stresses, so their results could be both somewhat too high and too low.
Prediction of propeller hydromechanics for a single-shafter
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Orlov O.
Published: March 2021

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses hydromechanics properties of propeller and their scaling laws. The purpose of this study was to analyse existing methods of scaling model test data through their comparison with full-scale test results, identify possible sources of considerable error that might be present in them, as well as update the method of model test data scaling taking into account hydrodmechanic interaction between propeller and hull in terms of their model data extrapolation to the full scale. Materials and methods. The paper discusses general relationships between hydromechanic parameters of hull and propeller, that arise, in their turn, from the fundamental laws of mechanics. These relationships were used to analyse interconnected laws governing the full-scale extrapolation of model test data for hull resistance, propeller thrust and propeller torque. Main results. The study identified some incorrect hypotheses in current scaling methods for hydrodynamics of propeller in behind-hull conditions, that might bring about considerable error in full-scale estimates of operational advance coefficient, thrust coefficient, efficiency and RPM. Conclusion. This paper suggests alternative techniques for determination of operational advance coefficient and other hydromechanics parameters of full-scale propeller, so as to obtain the estimates that take into account physical peculiarities of scale effect and also correlate with the results of full-scale trials.
Design and operation peculiarities of platform support vessels (PSVs)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Demeshko G. , Detsik R. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: March 2021

Object and purpose of research. This papers discusses PSVs (or, in RS classification, Supply Vessels): special ships that provide offshore drilling rigs with drilling supplies, fuel, water, provisions, spare parts for equipment, as well as deliver personnel shifts to/from the platform and perform the functions of duty, rescue, fire, and environmental protection vessels. The purpose of the study is to develop a physical model of PSV functioning and give design recommendations for proper de-termination of its characteristics and properties. Materials and methods. Generalization and analysis of PSV design and operation, as well as analysis of Russian and foreign publications about PSV specifics, supported by systematized statistical materials sufficient for design recommendations. Main results. This work summarized the data on PSV properties, characteristics, design and operation requirements, as well as the ways to implement them in terms of hull shape, general arrangement, mission-specific equipment, conceptual type and power plant, suggesting a vision of PSV as design object. Regressive analysis performed by the authors is supported by a wide scope of design materials that summarizes PSV operation experience and development trends, thus preparing the basis for future PSV designs. Conclusion. PSVs are the main link in the offshore oil and gas production. The ships of this type are becoming more and more popular, especially in their multi-purpose variant. This paper makes it possible to formulate design requirements for them, as well as to trace the ways of their implementation. This paper also suggests the methods for determination of PSV dimensions, conceptual type and mission-specific equipment, as well as main design parameters, properties and transportation and operation capabilities.
La hibridación genérica en Los detectives salvajes. Un acercamiento a la poética de Roberto Bolaño
Authors: García Plancarte Galicia
Published: March 2021

En Los detectives salvajes la construcción del relato, que resemantiza los estilos narrativos de la crónica, la novela testimonio, el diario, la novela policiaca y la autoficción, es un indicio de la poética autoral de Bolaño. Estos tonos y acentos de las formas discursivas reconocibles en la estructura misma del texto indican una poética autoral propia, en la que la hibridación genérica, como un elemento fundamental en la composición de la novela, responde a una intención consciente por parte del autor para reflejar una visión novedosa respecto a las nuevas formas novelísticas de la narrativa hispánica contemporánea.
Eclipsamientos: Nuevas «políticas de la amistad» en 2666, de Roberto Bolaño
Authors: Ríos Baeza Felipe Adrián
Published: March 2021

Empleando algunas nociones de Jacques Derrida, y en discusión con cierto sector de la crítica bolañesca, este ensayo pretende volver sobre el recorrido crítico y emocional de Manuel Espinoza, Piero Morini, Liz Norton y Jean-Claude Pelletier, hasta entonces vistos como meras «caricaturas» de la evaluación cultural europea, pero que, en realidad, para la totalidad de la novela 2666 de Roberto Bolaño, representarán un perfil de académicos y de sujetos mucho más complejo. Justamente, la noción ambigua y problemática de «amistad» es la que, por un lado, abrirá grietas entre la vida pública del español, el italiano, el francés y la inglesa (sus ambiciones institucionales) y su vida privada (la amistad, las relaciones amorosas); y, por otro, provocará lo que llamaremos «eclipsamiento» de algunas circunstancias que, en su momento, parecían determinantes para el encadenamiento argumental de «La parte de los críticos», pero que luego servirán para desestructurarla como simple parodia. La relación entre Norton y Morini, y la búsqueda de Pelletier y Espinoza de Benno von Archimboldi en el desierto de Sonora, no sólo reconfigurará el enfoque de los personajes en la novela, sino también del lector real, quien verá ulteriormente trasgredida cualquier posibilidad de darle sentido a 2666 si no es volviendo a una imagen inquietante: existe un último texto (las novelas de Archimboldi) y un último lector capaz de darle significado (Pelletier); no obstante, el acceso a ambos campos estará clausurado.
INDICADORES DE SAÚDE EM USUÁRIOS DE UMA UNIDADE BÁSICA DE SAÚDE DA CIDADE DE SANTARÉM, PARÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Sales Narryman Jordana Ferrão , Morais Cristiano Gonçalves , Blandes Antonia Irisley da Silva , Takanashi Silvania Yukiko Lins , Simplício Irinéia de Oliveira Bacelar , Saatkamp Cassiano Júnior , Gouvêa-e-Silva Luiz Fernando
Published: March 2021

Introdução: Usuários do sistema de saúde com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis devem estar em acompanhamento constante para evitar complicações em seu estado de saúde. Objetivo: Associar a presença da diabetes (DM) e da hipertensão (HAS) com os indicadores laboratoriais de saúde de usuários de uma unidade básica de saúde. Métodos: A amostra foi de 231 usuários de uma unidade básica de saúde da cidade de Santarém-PA, maiores de idade, que foram agrupados em pacientes com DM/HAS (DM/HAS; n=144), e com ausência destas doenças (AUS; n=87). As coletas envolveram informações socioeconômicas, clínicas e laboratoriais. Os dados foram tratados com estatística descritiva e inferencial, adotando-se p<0.05. Resultados: Tanto no DM/HAS como no AUS predominou o sexo feminino, estado civil casado, com vínculo empregatício, cor de pele parda, com 4-7 anos de estudo, renda de 1-2 salários, não tabagistas, não etilista e faixa etária de 38-77 anos. A HAS foi a doença mais presente de forma geral, bem como por sexo. Identificou-se no DM/HAS valores menores para a taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) e maiores valores para a glicemia, triglicerídeos, colesterol total, LDL-c e não HDL-c. Conclusão: De acordo com a proposta desenvolvida, destaca-se que os usuários com DM/HAS apresentam associação positiva para valores alterados de glicemia, colesterol total, não HDL-c, triglicerídeos, TFG e para a presença da síndrome metabólica e risco cardiovascular moderado/alto.
The experience of implementation of innovations and the proposals for improvement of electoral legislation based on the results of the 2020 election campaigns (using the materials of over observation and expert interview)
Authors: Kuryachaya Marina Mikhailovna , Gromyko Sergey Valer'evich , Izmerov Andrei Ivanovich , Polyakova Kristina Yur'evna
Published: March 2021

The object of this research is the practice of the 2020 electoral campaigns in the Russian Federation, while the subject is the organization of nationwide voting upon the approval of amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, election of the governor of Krasnodar Region, a number of municipal election campaigns on the territory of Krasnodar Region of September 13, 2020. The goal of this research is to determine the gaps in legal regulation and problematic areas based on the practice-oriented approach, results of semi-structured expert interviews that involved the members of municipal, territorial, and district election commissions, as well as overt observation carried out by the authors during election campaigns, analysis of legislation and law enforcement practice. The authors believe that the identified problems and gaps can be resolved and filled not so much within the framework of Electoral Code, as in the context of current improvement of the electoral legislation, which is of particular relevance at in the lead-up to the 2021 elections to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly. The authors introduce proposals on electoral-legal codification, development of the principle of electoral federalism and the system of electoral legislation, organization of voter registration, procedures for nomination and registration of candidates, signatures collection in support of the candidates, financing of election campaigns, as well as implementation of innovations in electoral procedures tested in 2020.
Genesis, nature, and specificity of application of realistic approach in the history of American legal thought
Authors: Gruzdev Vladimir Sergeevich
Published: March 2021

The subject of the study is the American legal thought of the period of its establishment and theoretical conceptualization, which was closely related to such characteristic as the realistic approach towards law that stood apart in the sociological and realistic directions. The attempts of interpreting the views of this regional intellectual group of legal experts as the classical version of legal realism are subjected to critical reevaluation. For assessing the specificity and content of the direction of legal thought referred to as “American legal realism”, the author explores the philosophical-methodological grounds of the cognition of law and interpretation of its concepts in the context of the aforementioned trend, separate substantial aspects of the genesis of realistic approach towards legal problematic in the history of American legal thought, as well as specificity of such characteristics of the court function as “judicial legislation” in through the prism of “legal realism”.  The novelty of this research consists in detailed clarification of certain essential aspects of the genesis and evolution of American legal thought. Emphasis is placed on the poorly studied aspects of the criticism of legal realism in American literature. The latter is used rarely or fragmentally in the Russian research dedicated to the application of realistic approach towards law in the United States, including correlations with some European direction of “realistic” jurisprudence. Examination of philosophical-methodological framework of American legal realism allows revealing significant inaccuracies and distortions in classification of this trend as realistic, which in fact is rather of nominalistic nature. Realistic in relation to this trend of American legal thought is applicable only to separate characteristics of the sociological study of justice.
Analisis framing pemberitaan penangkapan juliari batubara dalam korupsi dana bansos covid-19 pada kompas.com
Authors: Anzari Prawinda Putri , Fariza Nadya Pramudiana
Published: March 2021

This article purpose is to observe the news framing about the arrest of Indonesia’s Social Affairs Minister Juliari Batubara in pandemic aid corruption case published in Kompas.com. This research is a qualitative descriptive research in which the used method are three news from Kompas.com published in December 2020 by Robert N. Entmant analysis framing model. There are four main components in Entmant framing analysis: define problem, diagnose causes, make moral judgement and treatment recommendation.. the result shows that Kompas.com tried to make a positive image for Social Affairs Ministry. Kompas.com also tried to highlight another side of Juliari Batubara such as focusing in his personal wealth and his achievement prior to serving as Social Affairs Minister. There is no detail and specific news about his arrest. Kompas.com point of view is maybe influenced by third parties, one of which is the interest of media conglomerate in Indonesia. They often made ambiguous and unclear words in corruption case news to please the stakeholders.Keywords: framing analysis, corruption case news, juliari batubara, online media
Preferencje zakupu mieszkań w dużych miastach Polski
Authors: Bryk Robert
Published: March 2021

Artykuł przedstawia analizę preferencji dotyczących nabywania mieszkań przez osoby po-chodzące z miast o liczbie powyżej 500 tys. mieszkańców. Odpowiedzi zostały pozyskane za pomocą włas-nych badań ankietowych o zasięgu ogólnokrajowym i zebrane pod koniec 2018 r. od osób, które w latach 2005–2018 zdecydowały się na zakup mieszkania. Na początku artykułu przedstawiono krótką charaktery-stykę rynku nieruchomości mieszkaniowych, przeanalizowano czynniki mające na niego największy wpływ oraz dokonano wstępnej analizy sytuacji makroekonomicznej, od której rynek ten jest uzależniony. Celem głównym opracowania było określenie preferencji i ocena sposobu oddziaływania podstawowych czynników, którymi nabywcy kierują się podczas dokonywania wyboru mieszkań w Polsce.
Miejsca kultu religijnego a kształtowanie przestrzeni instytucjonalnej miasta na przykładzie Jasnej Góry w Częstochowie
Authors: Raczyk Andrzej , Frymus Karolina
Published: March 2021

Celem pracy była identyfikacja prawidłowości w rozmieszczeniu i strukturze rodzajowej przestrzeni instytucjonalnej w obszarze wokół Sanktuarium Matki Bożej Częstochowskiej na Jasnej Górze. Zakres terytorialny objął przestrzeń instytucjonalną miasta Częstochowy w promieniu 1100 m od sanktuarium. Badania zostały przeprowadzone w końcu 2018 r., a ich podstawą była inwentaryzacja terenowa.Wyniki wskazały na istnienie wyraźnych związków pomiędzy przestrzenią instytucjonalną miasta a przestrzenią sakralną. Badania pozwoliły na wyróżnienie trzech jego zasadniczych wymiarów: funkcjo-nalnego, popytowego oraz związanego z prestiżem miejsca.
OBSŁUGA TRANSPORTOWA MAŁYCH MIAST
Authors: ZALEWSKI Andrzej , KEMPA Jan
Published: March 2021

The main problem connected with transport in small towns is an efficient passage of the transit route through the town. Road traffic planning is considered to be vital, which in many cases is not possible due to high costs. Another effective solution is calming the traffic along the route through towns, especially in the central areas, with lowering the speed limit to 30-40 kph (exceptionally allowing 50 kph). In this way, a consensus is achieved between the needs of traffic and town’s functioning. In consequence, the status of “priority for the town” is thus given. Ample experience confirms that there is a significant improvement in traffic safety on the main road, including: decrease in the number of deaths, reduction of traffic speed, improvement in the safety of vulnerable road users, improvement in the aesthetics and appearance of public space, improving parking conditions and reducing air pollution. Effects are achieved by reducing the speed and rebuilding of street sections. In the cross-sections of streets, new solutions for pedestrian and bicycle traffic develop the public space, which in this way becomes friendly to residents. Linear infrastructure for bicycles may be limited only to a road with a high car traffic density. The planned road solution must be integrally connected with spatial development. The threshold of road nuisance perceptible on the street in a small town is lower than in medium-sized and large cities. The average annual traffic daily volume should not exceed 5000 vpd. In the aspect of protection of living environment conditions, traffic intensity on small town streets should be by half lower (<2000 vpd), which means a moderate traffic function of the street.
Determinanty wyboru środka komunikacji miejskiej na przykładzie Opola
Authors: Tłuczek Agnieszka
Published: March 2021

Jednym z podstawowych zagadnień logistyki miejskiej jest problem przemieszczania się strumieni ludzi. Komunikacja miejska powinna się odbywać wedle zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju, a to wymaga podejmowania kroków podnoszenia konkurencyjności alternatywnych środków transportu. Poznanie czynników, które decydują o wyborze środka transportu, jest ważnym elementem podczas projektowania procesów przewozowych w mieście. Celem artykułu jest próba przestawienia determinant mających największy wpływ na wybór środka transportu.
Miasta przyjazne seniorom
Authors: Szołtysek Jacek
Published: March 2021

Artykuł poświęcono problematyce tworzenia miast przyjaznych seniorom. Istnieje szereg przesłanek uzasadniających podjęcie tej tematyki. Autor zaprezentował przesłanki demograficzne oraz organizacyjne, warunkujące podjęcie kroków w kierunku dostosowania miast do warunków ludzi starszych. W artykule przedstawiono ponadto działania, jakie powinny być podjęte, by zagwarantować mobilność ludzi starszych
Dobowa aktywność mieszkańców Poznania
Authors: Parysek Jerzy
Published: March 2021

Funkcjonowanie organizmów żywych, w tym także istot ludzkich, cechuje się rytmiką wyznaczaną przez rotacyjny ruch obrotowy Ziemi wokół własnej osi (rytmika dobowa), jak również ruch obiegowy wokół Słońca (rytmika roczna). Rytmika określa pewien porządek aktywności ludzkiej w trakcie doby oraz w trakcie roku. Szczególną rolę odgrywa wyznaczana przez Słońce rytmika dzienna, kiedy to następują po sobie kolejno pora spoczynku i czuwania aktywności). W porze aktywności ludzie organizują różne aspekty swojego życia rodzinnego i pracy zawodowej, uczą się, rozwijają zainteresowania, utrzymują kontakty międzyludzkie, relaksują się itp. Czynności, którym się poświęcają, wypełniają interwał czasowy pomiędzy wstaniem z łóżka rano a położeniem się spać wieczorem. O ile ogólna struktura aktywności mieszkańców miast jest z zasady podobna, o tyle występują tu pewne różnice determinowane przez ich płeć, wiek, stan cywilny i rodzinny, poziom wykształcenia, pory (zmiany) i specyfikę wykonywanej pracy, odległość pomiędzy miejscem zamieszkania i pracy lub nauki, obowiązki, zainteresowania, sytuację materialną itp. Aktywność różni się także w dni robocze, soboty i niedziele, różne Święta czy dni urlopowe. Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na dobowej aktywności mieszkańców Poznania. Kolejno omówione zostały: pora wstawania, czynności wykonywane przed opuszczeniem domu, pora opuszczenia domu, czas dotarcia do pracy i szkoły, czynności wykonywane po opuszczeniu domu a przed pracą i nauką, czas pracy i nauki, czynności wykonywane po pracy i nauce, powrót do domu, czynności wykonywane przed pójściem spać, czas spoczynku. Szczegółową analizę zamyka syntetyczne dobowe podsumowanie czasu „pomiędzy dniem a spoczynkiem” (przy uwzględnieniu pory snu).
Zanik funkcji miejskich w wybranych ośrodkach Dolnego Śląska – przyczyny i konsekwencje z perspektywy chaosu deterministycznego
Authors: Becla Agnieszka , Czaja Stanisław
Published: March 2021

W artykule przedstawiono realne przyczyny wyodrębnienia ośrodków miejskich w historii ludzkości w świetle chaosu deterministycznego. Omówiono prawne i instytucjonalne podstawy przyznawania (regulacji) praw miejskich. Zidentyfikowano czynniki determinujące zanik funkcji miejskich w regionie dolnośląskim. Ponadto oceniono użyteczność teorii chaosu deterministycznego dla identyfikacji przyczyn zaniku funkcji miejskich na podstawie badań empiryczno-historycznych dla Dolnego Śląska. Zanik funkcji miejskich wystąpił w wielu (prawie 30) ośrodkach Dolnego Śląska. Powstanie tych miast, a później ich upadek (czy zanik) można w ciekawy sposób badać, wykorzystując koncepcje oparte na chaosie deterministycznym. Autorzy przeprowadzili taką analizę, wykorzystując model cyklu życia ośrodka miejskiego i kategorie chaotycznych trajektorii ewolucji obiektu (zjawiska). Na ich podstawie możemy sformułować kilka wniosków: 1. Każde miasto ma swój specyficzny cykl życia, warunkowany czynnikami podstawowymi i przypadkowymi. 2. Wykorzystanie teorii chaosu deterministycznego pozwala skuteczniej zidentyfikować i lepiej rozumieć czynniki przypadkowe w ewolucji ośrodków miejskich. 3. Podejście oparte na teorii chaosu deterministycznego nie odrzuca dotychczasowego dorobku geografii ekonomicznej, teorii urbanizacji, ekonomicznej teorii lokalizacji czy nowej geografii ekonomicznej, lecz go uzupełnia. 4. Zastosowanie tego dorobku do badań regionalnych (Dolny Śląsk) pozwala na identyfikację zarówno przyczyn tutejszej urbanizacji, jak i czynników determinujących zanik funkcji miastotwórczych w tej przestrzeni. 5. Zrealizowane badania pozwoliły dodatkowo potwierdzić użyteczność poznawczą teorii chaosu deterministycznego do badania procesów urbanizacyjnych (miastotwórczych).
Polityka transportowa jako narzędzie kształtowania zagospodarowania przestrzennego i systemów transportowych w wielkich miastach kanadyjskich
Authors: Zalewski Andrzej
Published: March 2021

W artykule przedstawiono działania w zakresie polityki transportowej w wielkich miastach kanadyjskich: Montrealu, Toronto i Vancouver. Polityka transportowa powinna integrować rozwój zagospodarowania przestrzennego i systemów transportu, które są równocześnie elementem zagospodarowania przestrzennego, a także to zagospodarowanie kształtują. Znacząca rola, w kontekście deklarowanej zasady zrównoważonego rozwoju, przypada rozwojowi alternatywnych form transportu publicznego i rowerowi. Na skutek dużego zatłoczenia miast ruchem samochodowym występuje tendencja do znaczącego wykorzystania różnych form szybkiego transportu zbiorowego, który trwale zmienia podział zadań przewozowych oraz zmniejsza uciążliwość środowiskową ruchu miejskiego, a także obniża transportochłonność struktur przestrzennych obszarów zurbanizowanych. W artykule przedstawione zostały również wnioski możliwe do wdrożenia w warunkach polskich.
Idea zrównoważonego transportu a kształt polityki transportowej w polskich miastach
Authors: Krysiński Dawid
Published: March 2021

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza teoretycznej i praktycznej polityki transportowej trzech polskich miast (Krakowa, Poznania i Wrocławia). Autor stwierdza, że zawartość strategii transportowych jest zbieżna z postulatami koncepcji zrównoważonego transportu w miastach. W dalszej części tekstu przytacza jednak wyniki badań, które pokazują, że dotychczasowa działalność samorządów nie przyczyniła się do zmniejszenia udziału komunikacji indywidualnej w ogólnej liczbie miejskich podróży. Na końcu autor wskazuje potencjalne przyczyny takiego stanu rzeczy, zauważając, że mogą one zależeć zarówno od charakteru inwestycji (niezgodny z założeniami strategii), uwarunkowań kulturowych, liberalnej polityki przestrzennej, regulacji prawnych, jak i od niedostatecznej ilości środków finansowych.
Typologia i znaczenie centrów handlowych dla miast województwa śląskiego
Authors: Twardzik Małgorzata
Published: March 2021

Centra handlowe są integralną częścią współczesnych miast i aglomeracji, stanowią ważny ośrodek życia gospodarczego i społecznego. Ich rozbudowana oferta handlowa, rozrywkowa i kulturalna przyciąga zarówno mieszkańców, jak i turystów, osoby w każdej grupie wiekowej, zawodowej, czy też ekonomicznej. Centra stają się nową przestrzenią miast, ich wizytówką, a nawet „miastem w mieście” – czyli alternatywą dla rynku i śródmieścia. W województwie śląskim występują liczne typy nowoczesnych centrów handlowych – od pierwszej do czwartej generacji. Pomimo ich dynamicznego rozwoju, dużego nasycenia rynku, planowane są następne inwestycje. Klienci – mieszkańcy – mogą więc liczyć na nową ofertę centrów, a podmioty sieci handlowo-usługowej na rosnącą konkurencję.