bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОРІЄНТОВАНА ФІЛЬТРАЦІЯ ЦИФРОВИХ ЕЛЕКТРОННО-ДИФРАКЦІЙНИХ ЗОБРАЖЕН
Authors: Баловсяк С. В. , Гарабажив Я. Д. , Фодчук И. М.
Published: September 2023

A mathematical model, method and software are developed for the selection of spatial regions (bands) from their superposition on digital electron diffraction images, and also for the subsequent oriented filtration of images of bands. Edge effects, which occur when the spatial selection of band, are reduced due to creation a transition area around the band. Symmetric expansion of images of bands at a predetermined angle is used, which reduces distortion in image filtering. On the basis of experimental and simulated images of bands the optimal parameters of their filtration are determined. The oriented filtration of experimental images of bands in the future allows improving the accuracy of the electron diffraction methods intended for research of crystals.
ПОТЕНЦІЙНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ДВОАНТЕННИХ НАДШИРОКОСМУГОВИХ СИСТЕМ АПЕРТУРНОГО СИНТЕЗУ
Authors: Тимощук Е. Н.
Published: September 2023

For radiometric imaging (RMI) with high spatial resolution are used aperture synthesis systems. The basis cell of such system is the two-antennas radio interferometer. Optimal and quazioptimal algorithms for passive radar imaging by it radio interferometer with ultrawideband spatio-temporal signal processing are known. At the same time questions the limit estimation error of the RMI and the potential fluctuation sensitivity of such systems are not investigated. In the article for the first time the analytical expressions for the limit estimation error of RMI and the potential fluctuation sensitivity of two-antenna UWB aperture synthesis system that provides a high spatial resolution of the angular coordinates are obtained and investigated.
ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНА СИСТЕМА ПІДТРИМКИ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ ДЛЯ РАДІОНУКЛІДНОЇ ДІАГНОСТИКИ В КАРДІОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Москаленко А. С.
Published: September 2023

The algorithm of information-extreme machine learning of decision support system for myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with multilevel system of nested control tolerances for diagnostic feature values is designed. It is proposed the use of quantitative features which characterize the brightness of the pixels of the polar map radiopharmaceuticals distribution, and contextual features that describe the presence of symptoms, addictions and chronic diseases. The computing aspect of the normalized modification of information criterion of machine learning, which is a functional of the accuracy characteristics of decision rules, is considered. The results of machine learning with swarm optimization of control tolerances at different numbers of their levels are analyzed. Obtained an unmistakable rules on training matrix decision rules
ПОРІВНЯННЯ МЕТОДІВ ВИДІЛЕННЯ ХАРАКТЕРНИХ ТОЧОК КОНТУРУ ДЛЯ СИСТЕМ ВІДЕОСПОСТЕРЕЖЕННЯ
Authors: Загородня Д. І.
Published: September 2023

Comparison of the contour inflection point selection of the: interpolation and differential methods and the method based on wavelet analysis of the function curvature were performed in the article according to the following criteria: probability of the correct detection, probability of the false detection and an error in coordinate evaluation for systems of video vision that are based on the model task results. Work results of the methods were analyzed and graphically presented. It was demonstrated that for simple geometrical figures the interpolation method has low accuracy (it displaces inflection points). And differential method in its turn possesses the best accuracy indices though it selects excessive inflection points (it has low obstacle resistance). And the method based on wavelet analysis of the function curvature shows best results in noisy conditions.
РОЗРОБКА МОДЕЛЕЙ ОЦІНКИ ЯКОСТІ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ТА ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ
Authors: Левыкин В. М. , Юрьев И. А.
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the evaluation of the quality infrastructure information system (IIS) and enterprise infrastructure (EI). The model of IIS is based on the use of the process approach. IIS is regarded as a set of interconnected IT-processes. This set was decomposed into groups, making it possible to place the responsibility for the operation of a specific IT-process on specific employees. Also based on ISO 9004: 2012 EP model was developed. It was supplemented with the necessary components to meet the requirements put forward by IIS
БЕЗДРОТОВІ МЕРЕЖІ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ СТАНДАРТІВ ZIG BEE, BLUETOOTH, WI-FI
Authors: Ковтун О. І. , Плескач В. Л. , Ткаліч О. П.
Published: September 2023

The review of standards for wireless networks and wireless protocols was revised the and classification of data based on standards ZigBee, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi was proposed in order to quickly connect users to wireless networks with aim of mobility and flexibility. The several ways of sensor network, including on the basis of Arduino microcontrollers and related adapters of different standards were used for this approach. In the article were analyzed the Arduino microcontroller to perform certain functions and tasks. The possibilities of standards ZigBee, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi within the network were considered using gateways and the usage of Raspberry Pi microcomputer as a router and gateway also was considered.
ПРИЙНЯТНІСТЬ СПОСОБУ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ВОЛЬТ-АМПЕРНОЇ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ВАКУУМНОГО ДІОДА ЗА ОКРЕМИМ ІМПУЛЬСОМ ВИСОКОЇ НАПРУГИ
Authors: Кислицын А. П. , Таран А. А. , Оранская Д. А. , Лесной В. А.
Published: September 2023

Results verification of recovery method of vacuum diode volt-ampere characteristics (VAC), based on a single high voltage pulse and current response, are presented. Experimental verification was done vacuum diode with single crystal LaB6 (100), and there was a good correspondence between the received VAC of a vacuum diode and the theoretical one. Under using a thermionic cathode of pressed composition material Ba0,25Sr0,75HfO3 abnormal Schottky effect was recorded and a possible distortion of VAC received by traditional methods is shown. Experimental verification of the method confirms its applicability also for thermionic cathode characteristic determination under fact processes.
НОВИЙ МЕТОД РОЗПІЗНАВАННЯ ТА КЛАСИФІКАЦІЇ ЖЕСТІВ НА ОСНОВІ ВИДІЛЕННЯ ІНФОРМАТИВНИХ ОЗНАК З ОЦІНКИ БІСПЕКТРУ РАДІОСИГНАЛУ
Authors: Вьюницкий О. Г. , Бородавко А. А. , Тоцкий А. В.
Published: September 2023

Novel technique dedicated for human gesture recognition and classification in electromagnetic field of radiofrequency radiation is suggested. Proposed technique is based on extraction of information features by using bispectrum estimation evaluated for high-frequency signal envelope with varied parameters caused by influence of gesture and performed in the interference electromagnetic field in closed space. Robustness performance for information features is experimentally studied by using designed algorithm and software. Obtained results demonstrate that performance of suggested technique depends on signal magnitude and signal delay variations. Technique is sensitive to the signal shape however it largely depends on the signal duration.
MODELS AND METHODS FOR IMPLEMENTING PEDAGOGICAL INTERVENTIONS IN MODEL-TRACING COGNITIVE TUTORS
Authors: Martinez Bastida Juan Pablo , Чухрай Андрей Григорьевич , Гавриленко Елена Владимировна
Published: September 2023

This paper presents some models and methods for generating pedagogical interventions in model-tracing cognitive tutors. They use Bayesian networks for assessment and making decisions, this feature allows managing uncertainty reasoning based on a formal foundation. This technique combines the rigorous probabilistic formalisms with a graphical representation and efficient inference mechanisms. It is explained how Bayesian networks are employed as an inference engine to assess the degree of learning of the relevant knowledge components in the learning domain and determine the proper pedagogical interventions for performing a productive learning process
МОНОЛІТНІ ВЕБ-СЕРВІСИ ТА МІКРОСЕРВІСИ: ПОРІВНЯННЯ ТА ВИБІР
Authors: Клапчук Руслан Григорьевич , Харченко Вячеслав Сергеевич
Published: September 2023

The paper is dedicated to analysis of two most commonly used architectures for creation of web services– monolith and microservice. Relevance of the subject is caused by the continuous growth of web resources users and the need of service scaling. The common notions related to the subject is defined, the main properties of web services are analyzed, monolith and microservice architectures are compared. Besides, the article contains recommendations regarding choice of the most suitable architecture for the very web resource
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МОЖЛИВОСТІ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ШВИДКОДІЇ МЕТОДУ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ДИСПЕРСІЇ ЗАВАД НА ЦИФРОВИХ ЗОБРАЖЕННЯХ
Authors: Абрамова Виктория Валерьевна , Абрамов Сергей Клавдиевич , Лукин Владимир Васильевич , Проскура Галина Анатольевна
Published: September 2023

The method for blind noise variance evaluation based on analysis of distributions of discrete cosine transform coefficients is considered. The possibility to improve computational efficiency of this method by means of decreasing number of processed blocks is explored. Numerical simulation results obtained for large image database have shown that if partly overlapping or non-overlapping blocks are used it is possible to essentially decrease time needed for obtaining noise variance estimates wherein for low- and medium textured images the decreasing of noise variance estimation accuracy is negligible.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ЛОКАЛЬНО-АДАПТИВНОЇ МІРІАДНОЇ ФІЛЬТРАЦІЇ ДЛЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОЇ МОДЕЛІ ОДНОМІРНОГО СИГНАЛУ
Authors: Тулякова Наталия Олеговна , Лопаткин Роман Юрьевич , Трофимчук Александр Николаевич , Стрижак Александр Евгеньевич
Published: September 2023

Local adaptive algorithms of myriad filtering with adaptation of a sample myriad linearity parameter K depending upon local estimates of signal scale and "hard" switching of parameters of sliding window lengths and coefficients that influence on parameter K are proposed. Statistical estimates of filters quality are obtained using criterion of minimum mean-square error for a complex model of one-dimensional signal that includes elementary signals such as a constant signal, step edge, piecewise linear fragments, linearly increasing and decreasing signals, a peak-like maximum, a piecewise function that consists of constant signal and polynomial curve, a parabolic maximum under conditions of additive Gaussian noise with zero mean and different variances and possible spikes presence. It is shown that the proposed myriad locally-adaptive filters can preserve fragments of rapid changing of signal as step edge and other discontinues due to high dynamic properties in nonlinear mode of myriad filtering and small length of the sliding window and can effectively suppress noise while processing fragments of linear signal behavior and polynomial curves by adjusting the parameter K to a linear mode and increasing the window length. Having high efficiency for all fragments of the complex signal, one of the proposed algorithms provides practically optimal noise suppression at the fragment of linear change of the signal, the other one provides higher quality of step-like and constant signals processing. As a result of application of the proposed myriad locally-adaptive filters, improvement of integral and local performance indicators is shown in comparison to the high effective non-linear locally adaptive algorithm that adaptively switches the output signals between median filter with small window length and alpha-trimmed filters with middle and large windows and local-adaptive myriad algorithm with adaptation of the linearity parameter K which are used for the considered test complex signal. Due to the use of multithreading in programing for parallel calculations, all the considered nonlinear algorithms have possibility to be implemented in real time. The more appropriate algorithm for calculating a sample myriad is the algorithm of minimization of myriad cost function based on a numerical Newton technique because of its best performance in step-like signal fragments and best robustness. In order to ensure better spike removal, it is expedient to pre-process the signal by robust myriad filter.
БЕЗДРОТОВІ МЕРЕЖІ ДЛЯ ПЕРЕДАЧІ СИГНАЛІВ ТЕЛЕМЕТРІЇ НА НАЗЕМНУ СТАНЦІЮ БЕЗПІЛОТНИХ ЛІТАЛЬНИХ АПАРАТІВ: ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ І ПРОГРАМНО-АПАРАТНІ ЗАСОБИ
Authors: Кудрявцев Дмитрий Петрович , Мохаммади Фархади Рахман
Published: September 2023

The methods and devices for providing communication between unmanned aerial vehicle and ground control station are analyzed in this paper. In many cases this solution is not optimal. The maximum length of the USB cable limits the distance between the radio modem and the ground control station by five meters. In many cases, this solution is not optimal. The maximum length of the USB cable limits the distance between the radio modem and the ground control station by five meters. It creates discomfort to take out the radio modem on the mast. Bad fixing of the USB cable connector in the corresponding port of the laptop creates an unreliable connection, which often causes a non-qualified transmission of telemetric information. This method of connection allows only a point-to-point connection. At the same time, it is often necessary to simultaneously transmit a telemetry signal to several terrestrial devices. It is proposed to provide this type of communication using a wireless (Wi-Fi) network. The wireless network in this work was used to exchange telemetry signals between the RFD-900 radio modem and the ground station of the unmanned aerial vehicle (installed on the laptop) in full-duplex mode. The transmission of telemetry signals to the Wi-Fi transceiver, built into the laptop, is carried out using the ESP8266-12E module, which is included in the NodeMCU-debug board. The ESP8266-12E module is connected via the UART interface to the output of the radio modem and used as a ground system's wireless signal repeater. To implement such signal transmission in the Delphi 7 IDE was developed a software module based on the TCP/IP protocol. The developed device has the modularity and universality features, which expands the area of its application. For example: video signals wireless transmission (FPV), an applications not associated with remote-controlled aircraft. In addition, the developed device can be used as a wireless server for local Wi-Fi network building. It is planned to modernize the software in the future - it will be added algorithm for working with a file system, it will be developed the software for other operating systems (Linux, Android) etc.
ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ГОТОВНОСТІ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КЕРУЮЧОЇ СИСТЕМИ КОСМІЧНОГО АПАРАТУ З УСУНЕННЯМ ПРОГРАМНИХ ДЕФЕКТІВ ПІСЛЯ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ОПЕРАТИВНОЇ ОНЛАЙН-ВЕРИФІКАЦІЇ
Authors: Харченко Вячеслав Сергійович , Поночовний Юрій Леонідович , Боярчук Артем Володимирович , Черницька Ілона Олександрівна , Воронянський Володимир Станіславович
Published: September 2023

The paper deals the multi-fragmental model of the two-channel space on-board information and control system of piloted spaceship. The model describes process of on-line software verification considering subsequent elimination of detected software faults. To take into account the change of software failure rate, the apparatus of regular multi-fragmental Markov’s models is used. The algorithm of determining sets of state fragments, states, transitions is proposed. It is considered the most widespread architecture of the information-control system, which includes two redundant hardware channels. Each channel has the same software version. After a failure caused by software faults, the information and control system is restored by restarting. Particularity of the researched system is performing of on-line software verification during its operation. The state of verification is considered as down-state on availability assessing. After onset software faults, degradation of program functions does not occur. The system is recoveredafter the failed state and continues functioning. For the estimation of the availability function, the Markov’s model for different sets of input data is researched. For that Matlab programs were developed. To solve the system of differential equations, an embedded Matlab ode15s solver is used. It is revealed that with increasing probability of faults detection during on-linesoftware verification, the availability of the system will increase at the end of the time interval of the model study. In order to accelerate the transition of the availability to stationary state, it is necessary to carry out more frequent verification procedures and try to eliminate a greater number of software faults in one check. In the initial period of operation, the availability of systems with planned on-line verification is lower than that of systems without fixing software faults. According to the results of the simulation, conclusions about the influence of the time parameters of the verification on the fault elimination intensity and the minimum of availability functions are formulated.
МЕТОД НАВЧАННЯ БЕЗ ВЧИТЕЛЯ ІЄРАРХІЧНОГО ЕКСТРАКТОРА ВІЗУАЛЬНИХ ОЗНАК НА ОСНОВІ МОДИФІКАЦІЇ НЕЙРОННОГО ГАЗУ
Authors: Москаленко В’ячеслав Васильович , Москаленко Альона Сергіївна , Коробов Артем Геннадійович
Published: September 2023

The modern technologies of the intellectual analysis of visual information for solving the problem of unsupervised training in real time with the aim of adapting to unknown conditions of observation are analyzed. It is proposed to use 10 layers of the well-known neural network VGG-16 as a model of the hierarchical extractor of visual features that can be used in the transfer learning tasks. The use of the principles of the neural gas to increase the convergence rate of the algorithm of usupervised learning of the extractor of visual features under the conditions of a limited amount of training data is considered. The modification of the neuron gas aimed to sparse coding of input observations is based on the optimized orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm that was used to increase the informativeness of the feature set in condition of limited sample size. Training dataset is generated by selecting from a popular image base ImageNet and selecting patches from selected images or feature maps on a given layer. The method of so-called information-extreme machine learning of decision rules is proposed for assessing the efficiency of the proposed feature extractor. Information-extreme learning is based on the use of binary coding of the feature representation of observations and the construction of radial-basic decision rules in Hamming's binary space. The implementation of the algorithm is based on the use of computationally simple operations such comparation with threshold and a bitwise XOR. Optimization of the geometric parameters of the partition feature space into separated classes is carried out in the binary space, therefore, it can be implemented by the method of a sequential direct busting with a given step, since such steps are relatively small. For optimizing parameters of encoding observations rules is used population-based particle swarm algorithm for searching global maximum of logarithmic information Kullback’s criterion in admissible domain of it function. In this case we normalized modification information criterion which is function of the first and second kind errors is used. The effectiveness of training of decision rules in the case of the use of an extractor supervise trained with by a stochastic gradient descent method, with case of supervised trained feature extractor is compared. According to the results of physical modeling unsupervised learning of extractor ensures the accuracy of decisive rules to 96.4% which is inferior to the accuracy of supervised learning which is equal to 98.7% are shown.
МОДУЛЯТОР СВІТЛОВОГО ПОТОКУ З ВІДОМОЮ ФОРМОЮ ОПТИЧНОГО ІМПУЛЬСУ
Authors: Букарев Антон Александрович , Лесной Виктор Александрович , Кислицын Александр Петрович
Published: September 2023

The article describes the developed and tested luminous flux modulator (LFM). LFM is designed to identify and study the dynamic distortions of optoelectronic devices (OED) with high temporal resolution. Such OED are capable to register optical radiation at fast processes (for example: pulse action of ionic beams, laser influence, electric discharges).The basis of the LFM's work is the mechanical principle of modulation, which makes it possible to preserve the shape of the optical signal with controlled changes in the duration of the optical signal. In addition, the applied LFM scheme allows a change in the spectral composition of optical radiationIn the implemented device, the optical signal has a trapezoidal shape, which makes it possible to determine quite simply the quantities that characterize the dynamic distortions of the OED (transient response, relaxation time, etc.).The modulator allows you to adjust the duration of trapezoidal optical pulses in the range from 0.69 ms (t1) to 0.11 ms (t2). In this case, the duration of the front and the cut are, respectively, τF1 = 54.8 μs and τC1 = 65.7 μs for t1; τF2 = 8.73 μs and τC2 = 10.5 μs for t2.The LFM was tested using OED based on a photoelectric multiplier (PMT), which, as is known, is considered to be a high-speed optical receiver. The experiment was carried out in two modes of operation of the power amplifier: in quasi-static and in dynamic modes. In quasi-static mode, with a controllably longer duration of the optical pulse (>> 1 s) and no dynamics of the process, the true form of the optical signal was obtained. In the dynamic mode, a signal was recorded whose shape is distorted with respect to the quasi-static signal, which indicates the presence of dynamic distortions.The received result testifies to the efficiency of the luminous flux modulator, allows to register and study the dynamic distortions of optoelectronic devices.
ПРОБЛЕМИ ПОБУДОВИ СИСТЕМИ АДАПТИВНОЇ ТРЕНАЖЕРНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ДИСПЕТЧЕРІВ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПОВІТРЯНИМ РУХОМ
Authors: Неділько Віталій Миколайович , Пальоний Андрій Сергійович , Сурков Костянтин Юрійович
Published: September 2023

The use of adaptive learning systems is a modern trend that is used to improve the quality of teaching. However, for the most part, the issue of WEB training is being considered, while the issue of adapting simulator training is given less attention. This article presents the results of an analysis of research related to adaptive learning systems. Also, the conceptual apparatus of the adaptive approach to learning was analyzed, and concepts such as adaptability and individual activity strategies with respect to air traffic control operators were defined. Then, the expediency and urgency of improving the simulator training system for air traffic control operators was substantiated by using individualization and adaptive processes. Models and methods of individualization in general studies on adaptive learning, studies on adaptive learning of operators of complex systems, in particular in studies on the training of air traffic control operators, were considered. The main condition under which it is possible to develop an adaptive training system based on the air traffic control operators training system is the availability of such interrelated components as the system model, the user model and the method of forming individual activity strategies. The model of the system should contain the parameters of the complexity of the training exercises, the criteria for evaluating the results of their implementation and the interconnected information flows within the system. In turn, the user model should contain data on the results of the training exercises during the entire training course. The method of forming an individual approach describes the process of creating individual strategies of activity. These strategies must take into account the features of the system model and user model. An approximate algorithm was considered that allows to create an effective system of adaptive learning on the basis of the existing system of simulator training. This algorithm includes the development of criteria for evaluating the performance of training exercises, as well as the parameters of the complexity of the exercises. Also, in accordance with the conclusions drawn, the task was set for further study of the possibility of improving the training of air traffic control operators.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПРОЦЕСІВ ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ ПОВІТРЯ БРОМИСТОЛІТІЄВОЮ ХОЛОДИЛЬНОЮ МАШИНОЮ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ РЕЗЕРВУ ХОЛОДОПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ У БУСТЕРНОМУ ПОВІТРООХОЛОДЖУВАЧІ
Authors: Радченко Андрій Миколайович , Радченко Андрій Миколайович , Кантор Сергій Анатолійович , Портной Богдан Сергійович , Прядко Олександр Ігорович
Published: September 2023

The heat-humidity processes of gas turbine unit intake air cooling to the temperature of above 15 °C with the use of a cold water at the temperature of about 10 °C as a coolant and the absorption lithium-bromide chiller utilizing the turbine exhaust gas waste heat as a thermotransformer has been analyzed for daily changing ambient air temperatures and changeable heat loads on the air coolers as consequence. The computer programs of the firms-producers of heat exchangers were used for gas turbine unit intake air cooling processes simulation. It is shown that at decreased heat loads on the air cooler a surplus cooling capacity of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller exceeding current heat loads is generated which can be used for covering an increased heat loads on the air cooler and to reduce the cooling capacity of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller applied. To solve this task the cooling capacity required for gas turbine unit intake air cooling are compared with the surplus cooling capacity of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller exceeding current heat loads summarized during some period.The system of two-stage gas turbine unit intake air cooling with a buster stage of precooling air to the temperature of about 15 °C and a base stage of further cooling air to the temperature of about 15 °C by absorption lithium-bromide chiller as the base stage has been proposed. The water for a buster stage of precooling air is cooled by using the surplus cooling capacity of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller during decreased heat loads on the two-stage gas turbine unit intake air cooler and is collected in the thermal accumulator for the use during increased heat loads on the air cooler. The results of gas turbine unit intake air cooling processes simulation proved the reduction of cooling capacity of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller applied by 30-40 % due to the use of a buster stage of precooling air at the expanse of the surplus cooling capacity of absorption lithium-bromide chiller saved in the thermal accumulator. So the main conclusion has been made about the efficient use of such a two-stage air cooling with a buster stage of precooling air by surplus cooling capacity from the thermal accumulator and a base stage for further cooling air to the temperature of about 15 °C by an absorption lithium-bromide chiller as a perspective approach in refrigeration.
ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ ШЛЯХОМ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ЕКСПЕРТИЗ
Authors: Мащенко Ольга , Шушко Ольга
Published: September 2023

За результатами дослідження встановлено, що питання економічної експертизи – є не достатньо вивченим в Україні, але практичні ситуації доводять окремі переваги та недоліки даного засобу контролю. Констатовано, що існують наступні види експертних досліджень, які можуть бути проведені в межах реалізації заходів проведення економічної експертизи: планово-економічна; фінансова-аналітична; фінансово-кредитна; судово-бухгалтерська; податкова. Економічна експертиза – є невід’ємним елементом сучасної економічної безпеки національної економіки, який дозволяє протистояти економічній злочинності та застосовувати спеціальні заходи щодо нейтралізації або ліквідації зовнішніх та внутрішніх загроз. Застосування економічної експертизи створює засади для використання механізмів профілактичної та попереджувальної діяльності. Розглянуто фактори, які впливають на процедуру проведення економічної експертизи, серед яких виділено: інформаційне забезпечення проведення експертизи; суспільна потреба в існуванні незалежного інституту економічної експертизи в сфері економічних відносин; наявність механізмів, принципів, методів та законів, які забезпечують функціонування категорії «економічна експертиза». Розглянуто існуючи методики проведення судово-економічної експертизи як форми державного контролю. Серед видів несудової експертизи виділено наступні методи: гіпотетичних припущень, методи взаємозв’язку балансових показників, метод моделювання, а також, методи, що враховують сукупні ризики при застосуванні того чи іншого методу несудової експертизи. Зроблено висновки, що усі методи мають певний рівень похибки, що на практиці виглядає: по-перше, як гіпотетичні припущення експерта, які призводять до зниження достовірності висновків, по-друге, як обмеженість фахівця у виборі методик експертизи.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ АГРАРНОГО БІЗНЕСУ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Рогожук Назар
Published: September 2023

В статті проведено дослідження перспектив розвитку українського аграрного бізнесу в умовах війни. Нами досліджено, що Україна займає вагому частку в експорті аграрної продукції та є одним із найбільших експортерів у світі. Саме війна в 2022 році призвела до росту цін на аграрну продукцію та викликала занепокоєння усього світу. Наступним нами було досліджено динаміку експорту сільськогосподарської продукції з України та визначено, що незважаючи на війну наші аграрії продовжувала експортувати та забезпечувати країни світу своїм зерном. Важливим кроком для розвитку аграрного бізнесу в умовах війни стала підтримка зі сторони уряду, який запровадив низку програм для стимулювання агровиробництва. В підсумку нами досліджено, що саме інновації становитимуть ключову основу розвитку аграрного бізнесу в умовах. Інноваційні технології не тільки пришвидшують процеси, вони оптимізовують витрати. Зі сторони українського уряду потрібно зробити низку робіт, адже аграрний бізнес є одним із ключових у структурі експорту та акумулює велику суму надходжень в держбюджет.
ЛЕДІ ЕСТЕР СТЕНХОУП – АНГЛІЙСЬКА АРИСТОКРАТКА НА БЛИЗЬКОМУ СХОД І
Authors: Добролюбська Юлія
Published: September 2023

Дослідження зосереджене на основних етапах біографії незвичайної жінки, леді Естер Стенхоуп (1776-1839), британської аристократки, авантюристки, мандрівниці Близьким Сходом. Народившись в одній із найвпливовіших політичних сімей Великобританії, леді Естер Стенхоуп протягом короткого періоду перебувала в самому центрі британської політики. Покинувши Англію вона здійснила одну з перших подорожей по всій території Середземномор’я та стала першою жінкою, яка зацікавилась археологічною спадщиною близькосхідного регіону. Здійснені нею розкопки можна класифікувати як авантюрні та непрофесійні, однак вони заклали основу подальшого наукового інтересу європейців до історичної спадщини Сходу. Окрім того, леді Естер Стенхоуп відкинула суспільні умовності та обмеження життя жінки в Західній Європі, скориставшись несподіваною можливістю стати господинею своєї долі у східній культурі, що виділяє її як першопрохідця та незвичайну людину.
СУЧАСНИЙ НІМЕЦЬКОМОВНИЙ МЕДІА-ДИСКУРС ТА ПЕРЕКЛАДАЦЬКА ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА ЙОГО КОНЦЕПТІВ
Authors: Беззубова Олена , Рибачок Катерина
Published: September 2023

Розвиток сучасного суспільства неможливий без мас-медіа, оскільки саме за допомогою їх здійснюються не лише передача та розповсюдження інформації (вербальної, візуальної тощо), а й реалізується функції формування громадської думки. Звичайно, реалії сучасного життя і постійно змінні суспільні тенденції спонукають переглядати та переосмислювати звичні соціальні та мовні формати й форми. Не є винятком і медіа-дискурс. Дійсно, спектр медіапрактик суттєво розширився останнім часом. Це пов'язано з появою інтернету та соціальних мереж. Стаття присвячена розгляду та аналізу медіа-дискурсу з позиції сучасної перекладацької парадигми. Як один із підтипів дискурсу, медіа-дискурс німецьких ЗМІ, як складний феномен, широко задіяний у сучасному соціумі. Німецький медіадискурс втілюється в медіасфері за допомогою різних засобів масової інформації, у тому числі за допомогою різних наукових, науково-популярних та інформаційно-аналітичних журналів, Інтернет-ресурсів, а також за допомогою спеціалізованої журнальної преси, адресованої окремим групам населення. Цей дискурс лінгвістично наповнений та відображає безліч концептів. Медіа-дискурс, як ніякий інший тип спілкування й дискурсу, постійно модифікується та трансформується, підлаштовуючись під умови світу, які нескінченно змінюються, оскільки його основне завдання і полягає в тому, щоб негайно реагувати на соціальні зміни та тенденції та миттєво відображати (транслювати та пояснювати) їх. Перебудова комунікативних систем сучасного інформаційного суспільства, бурхливий розвиток глобальної мережі та комп'ютерних технологій, медіаконвергенція, що зумовила технологічну та культурну інтеграцію комунікаційних та інформаційних технологій (старих та нових медіа), що спричинило перерозподіл ролей традиційних ЗМІ, призвели до якісної зміни властивостей медійного дискурсу та розширення лінгвістичних аналізів концептів у ньому.
Microbe Hunters
Authors: de Kruif Paul
Published: September 2023

Microbe Hunters by Paul de Kruif was first published in 1926 by Harcourt, Brace and Company, New York. It dramatically recounts the breakthrough discoveries of the fundamental elements of bacteriology. It features exciting profiles of Antony Leeuwenhoek, Lazzaro Spallanzani, Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, Émile Roux, Emil Behring, Élie Metchnikoff, Theobald Smith, David Bruce, Ronald Ross, Battista Grassi, Walter Reed, and Paul Ehrlich. Their development of germ theory and its scientific proofs led to the first effective treatments for human diseases like anthrax, rabies, diptheria, malaria, sleeping sickness, syphilis, and yellow fever. They also made discoveries that saved the dairy, wine, beer, silk, and cattle industries. These determined experimenters proved time and again that tiny living beings only seen by microscope can have huge impacts on human life, and they emphatically demonstrated the value of science for modern civilization. A best seller in its time, the work is an enduring classic that has inspired many scientific careers.
AKTIF, PINTAR DAN BERWIBAWA
Authors: Nazrin Mawarni , Shaik Ismail Sharifah Fazliyaton
Published: September 2023

Makalah ini bertujuan meneliti lakaran perwatakan watak wanita yang yang terdapat dalam siri dan filem animasi bergenre aksi, khususnya siri animasi Ejen Ali: Musim 1, siri animasi Ejen Ali: Musim 2 dan filem Ejen Ali The Movie. Kajian ini juga berhasrat untuk merincikan jumlah watak wanita yang dipaparkan dalam siri dan filem ini berbanding dengan watak lelaki selain memerihalkan citra watak wanita yang terdapat dalam siri dan filem ini. Dapatan menunjukkan 38 watak wanita yang ditampilkan dalam siri animasi Ejen Ali: Musim 1, seramai 58 watak wanita pula dalam siri animasi Ejen Ali: Musim 2 dan 7 watak wanita dalam filem Ejen Ali The Movie. Watak lelaki didapati terus mendominasi dari segi populasi watak sama ada dalam rancangan bersiri ataupun filem. Dapatan juga memperlihatkan bahawa watak wanita dalam siri dan filem ini juga bersifat atipikal, khususnya aktif, bijak, mempunyai sifat pemimpin, berkerjaya dalam bidang sains dan kejuruteraan, cantik dan kurus, agresif, lasak serta bertentangan dengan stereotaip gender yang tradisional.
SITUASI PENGGUNAAN DEIKSIS SO DALAM MESYUARAT PENGURUSAN
Authors: Kinduo Winddy , Hj. Mahali Saidatul Nornis
Published: September 2023

Peralihan kod merupakan satu fenomena melibatkan pengungkapan istilah daripada bahasa berbeza dengan bahasa yang sedang digunakan. Alih kod bukanlah perkara asing kerana keupayaan pengguna bahasa dalam menuturkan lebih daripada satu bahasa diyakini membuka ruang kepada penggunaan lebih daripada satu bahasa dalam peristiwa bahasa. Meskipun alih kod memperlihat keupayaan penutur dalam berbahasa, namun tidak dinafikan ia sebenarnya mencerminkan penuturnya tidak menguasai sistem bahasa terutama kosa kata bahasa yang digunakan. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan menghuraikan perihal peralihan kod dalam tuturan 49 guru di SMK Simpangan, Beluran, Sabah yang menumpu secara khusus kepada pengungkapan deiksis so sebagai item alih kod. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif menerusi analisis teks. Data dikumpul dan dirakam melalui mesyuarat guru secara dalam talian. Data kemudiannya dianalisis secara teks secara satu persatu untuk mengesan kesemua item alih kod so berteraskan teori deiksis oleh Huang (2015). Hasil analisis mendapati terdapat lima peranan deiksis so, yakni diguna untuk merumus, menyambung topik atau sebelumnya, penanda hubungan, mengemukakan huraian untuk menjelaskan pernyataan terdahulu dan mengemukakan maklumat baharu. Beberapa faktor peralihan kod dikenal pasti, yakni pengaruh pendidikan bahasa yang diperoleh sejak awal usia, amalan peminjaman kata melibatkan pertimbangan terhadap perihal tertentu dan pertembungan dua bahasa. Oleh yang demikian, hasil analisis penggunaan penanda wacana so dalam tuturan para guru di sekolah berkenaan membuktikan bahawa bahasa memiliki sifat ‘hidup’, maka tentulah suatu bahasa itu tidak terlepas daripada perkembangan dan sebaran peristilahan daripada suatu bahasa lain. Penggunaan penanda wacana itu telah sebati sebagai sebahagian daripada penanda komunikasi lisan penutur bahasa di Sabah yang menyebabkan ia sukar dihilangkan daripada proses komunikasi.
KESULTANAN BRUNEI DAN ACEH TRADISIONAL (ABAD KE 14 – 19 MASIHI)
Authors: Haji Mail Prof. Dr. Haji Awg Asbol
Published: September 2023

Makalah ini bertujuan membincangkan perbandingan konsep daulat dan derhaka di antara Kesultanan Brunei dan Aceh tradisional (abad ke 14 – 19 Masihi). Perbandingan hanya menerokai dalam aspek Khalifah Allah dan hubungan keturunan kedua-dua kesultanan dengan baginda Rasulullah sallallahu alaihi wassallam serta Raja Iskandar Zulkarnain. Hal  ini boleh dikesan menerusi sumber - sumber tempatan kedua-dua kesultanan seperti teks terasul, Syair Awang Semaun, Shaer Rakis, Hikayat Aceh, Bustan Al Salatin, Taj Us Salatin dan Adat Aceh. Perbandingan ini juga akan dihubungkan dengan bukti – bukti sejarah yang memperlihatkan sejauh mana sultan-sultan Brunei dan Aceh melaksanakan pemerintahan sebagai Khalifah Allah sebagai teras kepada konsep daulat dan derhaka. Hal ini akan diteliti khususnya dalam melaksanakan hukuman yang adil dalam semua perkara yang melibatkan berbagai lapisan rakyat.
KONOTATIF, AFEKTIF DAN REFLEKTIF MEMANIFESTASI KEBIJAKAN AKAL BUDI MELAYU PATANI
Authors: Waeyusoh Waemasna , Yaakub Yusniza
Published: September 2023

Kecekapan minda Melayu dapat dilihat melalui pelbagai bentuk khazanah berbahasa Melayu dalam karya-karya sastera seperti pantun, sajak, cerpen, novel termasuk juga penciptaan lirik lagu. Makna yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu merupakan pengertian yang bukan sahaja muncul daripada bahasa yang disusun dan digunakan, malah mempunyai perkaitan dengan bentuk pemikiran penulis lirik lagu tersebut. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini dihasilkan untuk menganalisis makna yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu Melayu Patani terpilih bagi mengenal pasti bentuk pemikiran, serta menganalisis jenis-jenis makna perkataan dan gaya berfikir yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu tersebut. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan konsep tujuh jenis makna yang diperkenalkan oleh Geoffery Leech (1974). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat tiga jenis penggunaan makna, iaitu makna konotatif, afektif dan reflektif. Selain itu, hasil kajian juga menunjukkan bahawa ketiga-tiga skema gaya berfikir tersebut terserlah melalui bait-bait lagu yang diaplikasikan melalui penggunaan jenis-jenis skema berfikir tersebut. Dapatan turut menunjukkan bahawa kata-kata dalam lirik lagu bukanlah hanya untuk menghibur, tetapi turut bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kehidupan yang dialami oleh penduduk Patani, selain bagi mewujudkan suasana aman dan tenteram dan juga memberi semangat kepada penduduk setempat yang sedang melalui kehidupan yang cukup mencabar, di samping mendidik para pendengar dengan pelbagai nilai murni.
The Concise Encyclopedia of Business Ethics
Authors: MacDonald Chris , Marcoux Alexei
Published: September 2023

The authors’ aim in writing The Concise Encyclopedia of Business Ethics (CEBE) was to provide readers with a useful, concise overview of key issues in business ethics. Our aim is not to be exhaustive, but to provide key definitions, main areas of controversy, and pointers for further reading. It is hoped that it will provide a useful reference guide for students, as well as a starting point for scholars in adjacent fields. Our commitment to sticking to what we consider to be essential topics inevitably means that some readers will find that we have left out what they take to be important topics. For the most part, we stand by our editorial choices. However, as a digital document, it is possible that the CEBE will change and grow slightly over the coming years. Readers are free to provide feedback and suggestions by emailing the authors jointly at editors@bejr.org
The Consumer Scam: An Agency-Theoretic Approach
Authors: Pouryousefi Sareh , Frooman Jeff
Published: September 2023

Despite the extensive body of literature that aims to explain the phenomenon of consumer scams, the structure of information in scam relationships remains relatively understudied. The purpose of this article is to develop an agency-theoretic approach to the study of information in perpetrator–victim interactions. Drawing a distinction between failures of observation and failures of judgment in the pre-contract phase, we introduce a typology and a set of propositions that explain the severity of adverse selection problems in three classes of scam relationships. Our analysis provides a novel, systematic explanation of the structure of information that facilitates scam victimization, while also enabling critical scrutiny of a core assumption in agency theory regarding contract design. We highlight the role of scam perpetrators as agents who have access to private information and exercise considerable control over the terms and design of scam relationships. Focusing on the consumer scam context, we question a theoretical assumption, largely taken for granted in the agency literature, that contact design is necessarily in the purview of the uninformed principal.
Contributions of School-Based Parenting and Family Literacy Centres in an Early Childhood Service System
Authors: Underwood Kathryn , Trent-Kratz Marion
Published: September 2023

Increasingly, governments are seeking ways to integrate early childhood education and care services as a social policy strategy to maximize child and family outcomes. This study examines the role of a school-based parenting and family literacy program to a system of services in one community in Ontario, Canada. Using an appreciative inquiry approach, focus groups and questionnaires conducted with participants of the programs provide a view of how these programs are contributing in a community where there are a range of programs in place. These programs were described by parents as welcoming places with interesting and engaging program activities, facilities, and resources that support child development. Additionally, supports for all family members--including referrals to services which helped families in many aspects of their lives--were described as benefits of participating. The contributions of Parenting and Family Literacy Centres (PFLCs) are evident from the data and are discussed in relation to the contributions of other services and programs in the community. Additional findings examine participants' patterns of service use across the community, which shows they are using school-based services more than community-based early years services. These findings are discussed in relation to the service integration goals of provincial social policy strategies.
If Only I Had Known...: Young People's Participation in the Construction of Their Learning Disability Labels
Authors: Savaria Elizabeth , Underwood Kathryn , Sinclair Delia
Published: September 2023

This study explores how young people participate in the construction of their learning disabilities and how the experience impacts their self-concept. None of the interviewees in the study participated in the Identification Placement and Review Committee (IPRC) meetings conducted in Ontario. The interviewees did participate in a variety of other forums such as psychological testing, university development centers, and conversations with family members, and teachers. Thematic analysis identified two key concepts that emerge from experiences of disablement in school systems: the importance of knowledge and the construction of identity through experiences in educational settings. A children's rights framework and the new sociology of childhood are used to explore the construction of self-concept for children and young people with disabilities. Further, the nature and timing of children's participation in matters regarding them and their label of exceptionality in the Ontario education system are explored. (Contains 1 table.)
The voice of disabled children transitioning to school
Authors: Underwood Kathryn , Atwal Abneet
Published: September 2023

Starting school should be an exciting time for young students and their parents, but for disabled children and their families it is fraught with challenges and anxiety. It shouldn’t be. Disabled children should have access to services that support them and their families through the transition process and ensure their full participation in both early childhood and school programmes. Researchers in Canada, mapping institutional interactions of disabled children and their families over several years, have worked with disabled youth to make recommendations for a more inclusive system. 
A vállalatok büntetőjogi és közigazgatási jogi felelőssége, különös tekintettel a kartelljog, a bankfelügyelet és az adatvédelmi jog területén, de lege lata és de lege ferenda
Authors: Dannecker Gerhard
Published: September 2023

Az Európai Unió jogában a közigazgatási bírság az adminisztratív büntetőjog speciális szankciótípusaként jelent meg először a kartelljog, majd az adatvédelmi törvény és a bankfelügyelet területén is. Az EU tagállamaiban a jogi személyek büntetőjogi felelőssége rendszere az uniós vállalati felelősségi rendszerére irányul. Ez problémákhoz vezet, különösen az ítélethozatal és az eljárási garanciák tekintetében. A konvergencia kialakuló útját a különböző szankciós modellek ellenére – a vállalkozások felelőssége kontra a jogi személyek felelőssége - folytatni kell, tekintettel a bírság büntető jellegére.
A pénzügyi szektorban működő vállalatokkal szembeni pénzbírságok: a kérdéses felső határok kumulálása
Authors: Hüttemann Suzan Denise
Published: September 2023

Jelen tanulmány azokat a módszereket fejti ki, amelyekkel meghatározzák a pénzügyi szektorbeli vállalatokkal szembeni pénzbírságok maximális összegét. Az abszolút, forgalom-alapú és profit-alapú felső határok alternatív alkalmazása az utóbbi idők problematikus szabályozási fejleményeit tükrözi. Jelen tanulmány egy olyan szisztematikus megközelítés mellett foglal állást, amely szigorúan megkülönbözteti az elkobzást és a szankciót érintő részt. A szankcionáló rész felső határát a jogsértés absztrakt súlya alapján kell meghatározni.