bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical legal analysis of abuse of power or official authority by a military official in martial law or combat situation: Key aspects
Authors: Kostiuk Ivan
Published: January 2025

The relevance of this study is conditioned by the increasing significance of legal mechanisms in ensuring law and order, discipline, and responsibility of military leadership under martial law and combat situation. The purpose of this study was to theoretically investigate the key aspects affecting the qualification and investigation of criminal offences under Article 426-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and to identify the problems and shortcomings related to the application of current legislation in proving the guilt of the perpetrator of such an offence. The methodological toolkit included a set of general scientific and special methods of legal analysis. The legal method was employed to analyse current legislation, the historical legal method – to investigate the evolution of legal provisions, the comparative legal method – to compare various approaches to the application of national legislation in practice, etc. This analysis was aimed at determining the place of the criminal offence under study in the system of forensic classification of military criminal offences. The study identified the elements determining the specifics of their investigation and providing them with a forensic characterisation to develop effective methods for investigating abuse of power or authority by military personnel. Based on the findings, the study provided a theoretical legal characterisation of the subject of the offence under study, which is a military officer. The study analysed such legal categories as special period, martial law, and combat situation. The specifics of abuse of power and official authority in the military sphere were identified. The study described the key aspects of military subordination and clarified the concepts of a military commander and a military superior. The study proposed to supplement the provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On Military Duty and Military Service” in the part relating to the category of “military official” to ensure harmonisation of legislative provisions governing legal relations in the military sphere with criminal law provisions prescribing liability for offences against the established procedure for military service
MAPA DE MÚTIPLAS AMEAÇAS DO PARÁ: UMA FERRAMENTA ESTRATÉGICA PARA ALERTA E RESILIÊNCIA FRENTE AOS EVENTOS EXTREMOS NA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Dos Santos Leonardo Sousa , Da Silva Faustino José Alves , Ribeiro João Batista Miranda , Junior Orleno Marques da Silva , De Andrade Milena Marília Nogueira , Costa Francisco Janio Bezerra , Miranda Wando Dias , Barbosa Adriano de Aviz
Published: January 2025

A Amazônia enfrenta anualmente eventos extremos naturais que causam danos imprevisíveis às populações, aos ecossistemas e às infraestruturas urbanas e rurais. Em resposta a esse desafio, o Corpo de Bombeiros do Estado do Pará, por meio da Coordenadoria Estadual de Defesa Civil (CEDEC/CBMPA), desenvolveu o Mapa de Múltiplas Ameaças do Estado do Pará (M²A-Pará). Esse documento utiliza dados históricos do Atlas Brasileiro de Desastres Naturais e do Sistema Integrado de Informações de Desastres (S²ID) para mapear as ameaças naturais nas sete Regiões Hidrográficas (RHs) do estado, considerando séries históricas de 1973 a 2024. O M²A-Pará oferece uma visão estratégica para a gestão de riscos, destacando as regiões mais vulneráveis e priorizando ações preventivas e de mitigação. A análise das múltiplas ameaças ao longo de mais de uma década permite identificar padrões e orientar o planejamento proativo, promovendo a redução de perdas humanas, materiais, econômicas e ambientais. Esse instrumento também reforça a importância do planejamento integrado de defesa civil, fundamentado em dados históricos e georreferenciados, para garantir a segurança das comunidades. Além disso, contribui para discussões mais amplas sobre mudanças climáticas e gestão de desastres, posicionando o Pará como referência na implementação de estratégias baseadas em ciência e tecnologia na Amazônia.
A Comparative Analysis of Environmental Health Policies Across Varied Healthcare Systems
Authors: Nashte Abhijeet , Soni Shankar Lal , Mane Manashree , Sangwan Sudesh , Prasad Satapathy Rajendra
Published: January 2025

Natural health is a recently developed discipline acknowledging the significant influence natural elements have on human well-being. Policies that consider how outside events influence people's health must be consistent in order to reduce risks and enhance general well-off. This paper examines environmental health policy of many healthcare systems. It demonstrates the variations in policy frameworks, legal procedures, and public health protection capacity among them. From those with universal coverage to those with privatised systems, the research examines several nations with various healthcare systems. Its aim is to identify the most important legislative projects addressing environmental health issues including waste management, water quality, air pollution, and climate change adaptation. The paper examines how various nations handle environmental health concerns within their own healthcare systems. It achieves this by means of both qualitative and quantitative research approaches, including policy evaluation, statistics on health outcomes, and interaction with important legislators and health professionals. The research mainly examines the variations between the regulations in countries like the US depending on commercial health care models and those in Scandinavia with robust public health care systems. It looks at how these systems use environmental health studies to plan and make policies for healthcare and the problems they face when trying to balance health and environmental goals. At the end of the study, the best practices from the different healthcare systems are highlighted, problems with putting policies into action are pointed out, and suggestions for change are made. To get long-lasting health results, it is very important that environmental health strategies are well integrated into healthcare systems. The results show that working together across sectors, making policies stronger, and making people more aware are all important for improving the health of the environment and reducing its effects on people who are already weak. Also, encouraging international cooperation and learning from different healthcare systems can help shape future policies that aim to improve health around the world and protect the environment.
Digitalisation of public administration: challenges and prospects
Authors: Lutsenko Kateryna
Published: January 2025

Today, digital technologies have already become the basis for many areas of society. Public administration is no exception. The active digitalisation of public administration is a window to new opportunities that can provide society and public authorities with new ways to increase trust and transparency. Global trends, such as the development of artificial intelligence, cloud services and blockchain technologies, are driving changes in the interaction between citizens, businesses and the state. This is the reason for the relevance of this research. After all, the digitalisation of public administration gives rise to new perspectives and challenges that are an integral part of the provision of administrative services in the context of digitalisation. The purpose of the research is to analyse the main concepts of public administration digitalisation and its importance for the information society; to describe in detail the challenges that accompany the digitalisation of public administration; to analyse the prospects and provide recommendations for the development of digital platforms in the public administration of Ukraine. To achieve this goal, we used the following methods of scientific knowledge: general philosophical method, descriptive method, method of system analysis, synthesis, dialectical method, methods of deduction and induction. The findings will serve as a basis for further research, and the analysis of challenges and prospects will form the basis for further improvement of public administration and public service delivery in Ukraine.
Growth and emerging directions in environmental health and quality of life research: a bibliometric approach
Authors: Román-Mireles Amarelys , Lazo-Barreda Alfredo Giovanni , Vela-Quico David Fidel , Enciso-Miranda Fernando Ubaldo , Romero-Carazas Rafael
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Environmental health and quality of life are closely linked, as the environment in which we live directly influences our well-being. The objective was to conduct a bibliometric study on environmental health and quality of life, from 2005 to 2024.Methods: a bibliometric analysis was performed, in addition, bibliographic data selected from the Scopus database (n = 4827 documents) were collected and analyzed, using the keywords: environmental health, quality of life, to generate scientific production indicators.Results: it is shown that during the period studied between 2020 and 2024, publications increased by 55.5%, evidencing an interest in this topic. The country with the highest scientific production was the United States (21%), and the journal with the most publications was Sustainability Switzerland (157 papers). In addition, the most outstanding author was Tabatabaei, M., with 13 publications and 528 citations.Conclusions: it is concluded that the exponential increase in research on environmental health and quality of life highlights the international participation of institutions, collaboration between authors, countries and the ease of access to bibliographic materials. This demonstrates the existence of a generation of scientists who are making important advances to contribute to the design of more effective solutions to improve both public health and quality of life.
Implication of Oil Price Fluctuations on GDP Growth in Ghana
Authors: Mahama Ishaque , Banoeyele Patricia , Solomon Asamoah
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the connection between Ghana's GDP growth and the varying oil price. The paper used annual secondary data from the WDI and U.S. Energy Commission databases, spanning 1980-2020, because of availability of data for the chosen variables. Data analysis was done using VEC model. Results of the VECM show that Oil price has a positive effect on GDP growth in the short-run but a negative effect in the long-run. The results further indicates that if there is a shock in oil price in the short-run 197.70% of the short-run disequilibrium will be re-adjusted to equilibrium in the long run, 7.74% of inflation, 75.60% of GFCF, 10.20% of trade, 148.35% of consumption and 83.83% of exchange rate will be re-adjusted to the long-run equilibrium.  Further, the granger test shows that oil price granger cause GDP growth and has unidirectional relationship. It was therefore concluded that an increase in oil price leads to a decline in the economy, hence a negative relationship between oil price fluctuation and GDP growth. Based on the findings, we recommend that the Government of Ghana should implement tight monetary policies to manage the inflationary pressures, hedging, or diversify into non-petroleum sources of energy such as solar to reduce high dependence on oil.
Las humanidades que instituyen la vigencia de la educación comunitaria de los países latinoamericanos
Authors: Núñez De La Torre Flor De María Huaycochéa
Published: January 2025

Las humanidades son las disciplinas base para las ciencias sociales, formales y naturales, por ello que en este trabajo nos centramos en poner de relieve los valores, que son cualidades rasgos o características de las personas, los objetos y los hechos; todo ello dentro de una cultura; los valores son peculiaridades que no se pueden cientifizar, pero, poseen las condiciones deseadas para brindarnos una satisfacción a innegables anhelos. Por consiguiente, los valores no son válidos para todos, en este hecho el sujeto es siempre quien pone la valoración, según su concepción de la realidad guiados por su cultura. La educación y los valores están estrechamente vinculados, de esta unión depende el ser y la calidad de la vida que se desarrolle en cada cultura; sería atroz la tentativa de educar con la ausencia de valores. Actualmente observamos la carencia de práctica de valores imperante en la sociedad posmoderna, que, practicando antivalores generados por el egoísmo, buscan satisfacer beneficios personalistas, sin considerar al grupo. En este investigación,  resaltamos las directrices de la educación comunitaria con un modelo  pedagógico autóctono que sobrepasa el paradigma educativo, expresando diversas demandas a los  actuales estados que hoy albergan milenariamente la estructura ideal de una erudición  auténtica y sus valores de los rezagos de una  cultura que reúne las condiciones organizativas sorprendentes; que a adrede históricamente  ha  sido distorsionada, pero esta corriente pedagógica se ha manifestado de manera empíricamente eficiente dando el reconocimiento y vigencia  de las sapiencias ancestrales; y con resultados dignos de ser halagados.
Síndrome antifosfolípido- Diagnóstico y manejo
Authors: Lin Wu Allan , Calderón Madriz Sebastián , Rodríguez Sáenz Yuliana , Barahona Córdoba Andrés , Sibaja Morales Andrés
Published: January 2025

El síndrome antifosfolípido (SAF) es una enfermedad autoinmune caracterizada por los eventos de trombosis a nivel de las venas, arterias y microvasculatura; siendo este una de las causas más comunes de trombofilias adquiridas. Los principales anticuerpos presentes en esta patología son los anticuerpos anticardiolipinas, anticoagulante circulante lúpico, y el anticuerpo anti-β2-glucoproteína 1. La fisiopatología de la enfermedad se basa en el modelo de “dos golpes”; aun así, no hay un conocimiento completo de la etiopatogenia. También se ha llegado a observar que las infecciones causan un aumento transitorio de los anticuerpos antifosfolípidos, al igual que una estrecha relación con las enfermedades autoinmunes. La clasificación de SAF se basa en los criterios de Sapporo revisados o los de Sídney, evaluando criterios de laboratorio (presencia de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos) como clínicos (trombosis o manifestaciones obstétricas). Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes en pacientes no obstétricos son la trombosis venosa profunda y el tromboembolismo pulmonar. Mientras que en pacientes obstétricas son los abortos a repetición. Una manifestación rara y mortal es el SAF catastrófico (SAFC), el cual se maneja con la triada de anticoagulantes, corticoesteroides, y plasmaféresis o inmunoglobulina intravenosa. El manejo del SAF se divide en profilaxis primaria y secundaria, con el objetivo de prevenir la formación de trombos. La diferencia entre ambas profilaxis son que en la secundaria ya hay antecedentes de trombosis y en la primaria no. El pilar del manejo es la anticoagulación con Warfarina, o heparina de bajo peso molecular en embarazadas, valorando la necesidad de antiagregación con aspirina.
Análisis del desarrollo sustentable rural en el estado de Guerrero
Authors: Tapia Rebolledo Yachssiri
Published: January 2025

La sustentabilidad es un tema que ha sido estudiado desde tiempo atrás, buscando el equilibrio perfecto entre el aspecto social, el aspecto económico y el medio ambiente. A nivel mundial existente documentos rectores que los países deben seguir a fin de preservar el mundo natural y al mismo hombre. No obstante, este documento es un análisis particular de la sustentabilidad en el ámbito real, donde se describe el panorama actual del día a día en las comunidades rurales del estado de Guerrero; se abordan los retos, son cifras oficiales en salud, pobreza, producción, deforestación y educación. En las siguientes páginas, mediante investigación documental se buscó relacionar los entes involucrados en la sustentabilidad (sociedad, gobierno, sector productivo), describirlos y esto permitió concluir que las comunidades rurales enfrentan problemas de rezago educativo, nula innovación porque no se genera nuevo conocimiento, carente desarrollo económico, se convive con la delincuencia por lo que, la sustentabilidad no es un tema relevante para quienes viven con comunidades rurales, por lo que nuestro gobernantes tienen un gran reto en este tema pero también un inmenso proyecto.
Ciudades del aprendizaje: una transformación urbana y educativa a través de la voluntad política
Authors: Garcés Meneses Julián Alejandro
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo presenta los hallazgos de la investigación doctoral titulada, Ciudades del aprendizaje: hacia una transformación urbana y educativa, municipio de La Estrella Antioquia, en el cual se describe como la implementación de este nuevo modelo de ciudad creado por la UNESCO, impacta de manera positiva el espacio público y la educación local como principal motor de cambio dentro de la urbe. En el proceso de investigación se empleó una metodología exploratoria, complementada con el método de Investigación, Acción y Participación (IAP) que permite tener una relación muy cercana con el objeto de estudio, con el fin de conocer la percepción que tiene la ciudadanía sobre el cambio reflejado en la ciudad y como la educación se convierte en un insumo esencial para el empoderamiento y la participación activa de la ciudadanía. Los resultados del proceso investigativo condujeron a la elaboración de un material didáctico (cartilla), esta tiene como propósito comunicar o capacitar a la población estudiantil y ciudadanía en general sobre el significado, metas, pilares y estrategias que utiliza la ciudad del aprendizaje para lograr un aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida. De esta manera, se logra que los diferentes actores educativos, conozcan o estén informados de los cambios que afronta la urbe durante el proceso de transformación urbana y educativa que propone a largo plazo.
Beneficios de la educación de autocuidado del catéter doble lúmen en pacientes que reciben hemodiálisis
Authors: Ramírez Robleto Juana Massiell , Alpídez Noemí Paz , Vázquez Aparicio Mónica Abril
Published: January 2025

La vida y buen funcionamiento del catéter doble lúmen (CDL) que portan los pacientes para recibir tratamiento de hemodiálisis depende en gran medida de la participación activa del paciente y en algunos casos del apoyo de sus familiares, por lo tanto, es importante crear conciencia y educar a las personas sobre los cuidados que amerita dicho acceso vascular, por lo cual el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el beneficio de implementar un programa educativo sobre autocuidado del CDL en pacientes que reciben hemodiálisis en una institución de salud. La metodología de este estudio fue experimental, cuantitativo, longitudinal, prospectivo y correlacional. Se realizó en el área de hemodiálisis con 25 pacientes los cuales su acceso vascular era CDL, a quienes previa firma de consentimiento informado se les aplicó la encuesta, posterior se brindó el programa educativo de 4 sesiones y a los 15 días se realizó nuevamente la encuesta. Las variables sociodemográficas que se tomaron en cuenta fueron la edad, sexo y nivel de estudio, obteniendo únicamente relación entre edad y nivel de conocimiento, se describió el nivel de conocimiento antes y después de realizar la intervención, obteniendo en la encuesta pre educación que un 68% tenía nivel medio y 32% nivel alto. Sin embargo, en la encuesta pos el 100% demostró un nivel de conocimiento alto. Se concluye que el programa educativo fue efectivo, beneficiando principalmente a los pacientes al tener un incremento considerable en la comprensión de las medidas de autocuidado de dicho acceso vascular.
Evaluación del Conocimiento Tradicional y Prácticas de Uso del Persea Schiedeana Nees en la Sierra de Zongolica
Authors: Romero Tlaxcala Valeria , Sánchez Anastacio Isaac , Rosas Leyva Marco Antonio , Mejía Ochoa Francisco Javier
Published: January 2025

El presente estudio documenta el conocimiento tradicional y las prácticas asociadas al uso del Persea schiedeana Nees, conocido localmente como Chinene, en la Sierra de Zongolica, Veracruz, México. La investigación se desarrolló mediante una metodología multidisciplinaria estructurada en cinco fases: revisión bibliográfica, diseño de herramientas de recolección de datos, trabajo de campo, análisis cualitativo y validación de la información, e integración de estrategias de manejo sostenible. Se recopilaron datos primarios a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, talleres participativos y observación directa, permitiendo identificar prácticas ancestrales en el manejo del Chinene, así como los factores que limitan su cultivo. Entre los hallazgos principales se destacan los métodos tradicionales de conservación y los usos medicinales del fruto y sus derivados. Asimismo, se diseñaron estrategias de manejo sostenible basadas en el conocimiento tradicional, promoviendo el empoderamiento comunitario y el desarrollo local. Los resultados confirman la hipótesis planteada: la documentación de estas prácticas permite la elaboración de estrategias que integran el saber ancestral con enfoques modernos, contribuyendo a la conservación del recurso y al bienestar de las comunidades. Finalmente, se concluye que la preservación del Chinene requiere una participación de las nuevas generaciones y el reconocimiento formal de su valor cultural y económico.
Pengenalan Aplikasi Canva sebagai Media Ajar di RA Al Itroh At Thohiroh Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Azzahro Fatimah , Hidayat Arif
Published: January 2025

Teknologi informasi memainkan peran penting dalam mendukung pendidikan, termasuk pendidikan usia dini. Penyusunan media ajar yang efektif menjadi salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan proses pengajaran. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan wawasan tenaga pendidik tentang aplikasi Canva sebagai media ajar. Metode yang digunakan meliputi observasi, diskusi, tanya jawab, dan praktik langsung. Materi sosialisasi mencakup pengenalan dasar aplikasi Canva dan pemanfaatannya dalam pembuatan media ajar yang menarik. Hasil kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat membantu para pendidik di RA Al Itroh At Thohiroh dalam mengoptimalkan penggunaan Canva untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran yang lebih kreatif dan inovatif.
Critical Literacy and its Challenges in Education in Indonesia
Authors: Patria Rida
Published: January 2025

Reading is one of the four language skills that should be mastered by students. Dadzie (2008) states that reading is the ability to understand words contained in a document and make use of the knowledge for personal growth and development. Bahadır (2012) claims that in today’s societies, reading has considered as indispensable for a life of high quality. By reading, students will gain new understanding, new ideas, and also new knowledge that can expand their views later. Literacy culture will lead to critical literacy. The term of Critical Literacy arises from the results of research that has been conducted by Freire, an education expert from Brazil, who concluded that literacy learning should focus on reading words and reading the world or reading texts and contexts. This research was carried out using a review of the literature. A literature review is a description of the theory, findings, and other research materials obtained from reference materials that will be used to guide research activities. A literature review includes reviews, summaries, and the author's thoughts on various sources of literature (articles, books, slides, internet information, and so on) on the topics discussed. A good literature review must be current and relevant.
An Analysis of Third Grade Lessons Emphasizing a Relational Understanding of the Equal Sign Based on Sameness and Substitution
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Pang Jeongsuk , Kim Juhyeon
Published: January 2025

With the new standards for the “equal sign and equivalence relation” in grades 3 and 4 of the 2022 revised mathematics curriculum, there is a need to specifically explore and implement instructional practices that support a relational understanding of equality. In this study, we implemented three lessons emphasizing the relational understanding of the equal sign for third grade students and analyze the lessons. We developed and implemented teaching methods that emphasize both the sameness and the substitution meaning of the equal sign based on previous research. First, the teacher emphasized the meaning of substitution based on sameness, and students learned that one expression can be substituted for another expression based on the meaning that both sides of the equal sign are equal. Second, the teacher taught relational strategies by paying attention to the structure of equations as the object of reasoning, and students were able to use compensation and decomposition strategies to reason about equations. Finally, the teacher used relational strategies to work with equations with unknowns, such as creating different types of equations, and students were able to justify why the equations they created were true based on the meaning of the equal sign. Based on these findings, we discuss implications for instructional practices that can improve students' relational understanding of the equal sign.
A Scoping Review of the Literature on South Korea Mathematics Teachers: Focusing on the Perspective of Professionalism
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Yeo Mi-Joo , Lee Kyeong-Hwa
Published: January 2025

This study is a scoping review that examines 293 research papers on mathematics teachers in South Korea published from January 2000 to July 2024 viewed through the lens of professionalism. Professionalism is a theoretical perspective that comprehensively explains the characteristics of professions called professionals not only in terms of specialized knowledge and skills but also within socio-cultural and institutional contexts. According to an analysis of previous studies, professionalism is broadly classified into professional, institutional, and connective approaches, depending on whether the contexts influencing its formation are situated within or outside the teaching profession. Based on this framework, this study identified the perspectives on professionalism expressed in each paper, examining variables such as research background, teacher-related topics, school levels, etc. Additionally, Multiple Correspondence Analysis was conducted to derive characteristics of the literature on mathematics teachers in South Korea. The findings indicate that literature with a professional approach was the most prevalent across all school levels (elementary, middle, and high), with elementary-level studies especially displaying a variety of teacher-related topics. Institutional approach studies saw a peak in the 2010s, while in the 2020s, studies with a connective approach became more common. However, institutional approach increasingly appeared in combination with other approaches, particularly regarding research on teachers related to the revised curriculum. High school-level studies notably account for a relatively large proportion within this mixed approach. Based on these findings, insights were gained regarding the implications of the South Korean curriculum in terms of teacher autonomy and professionalism within a policy context, as well as suggestions for the direction of teacher professionalism support at the institutional level.
Juridical Analysis of the WBK / WBBM Predicate at the UPBU Class III Office in Terms of Public Service Law
Authors: Buwono Kristanto Adi , Putra Grahadi Purna
Published: January 2025

The intensive efforts by Government Agencies in Indonesia to develop Integrity Zones (ZI) towards Corruption-Free Areas (WBK) and Clean Serving Bureaucratic Areas (WBBM) reflect their commitment to enhancing the performance of Bureaucratic Reform. One critical area of improvement is public service delivery, which must be aligned with these initiatives. In the context of air transportation services, Class III UPBU offices require targeted support to actively contribute to the implementation of ZI development towards WBK/WBBM. This study adopts a normative legal research approach, focusing on an analysis of applicable laws, regulations, and principles related to the duties and functions of UPBU offices, ZI development guidelines, and public service law. The findings reveal that Class III UPBU offices, despite their smaller classification, share comparable objectives and responsibilities with other UPBU classes (Class I Main UPBU Offices, Class I UPBU Offices, and Class II UPBU Offices). These offices serve as government agencies providing essential public services, directly interacting with airport service users and adhering to the mandates of public service law. A unique contribution of this study is its identification of the need for specialized socialization and assistance for Class III UPBU offices to strengthen their capacity in aligning with ZI initiatives. This highlights the importance of tailoring ZI development efforts to address specific challenges faced by these offices, ultimately enhancing their role in delivering excellent public services and supporting national goals of integrity and anti-corruption.
Sudetendeutsche und pfälzische Priester in den Diözesen Speyer und Leitmeritz
Authors: Köller Mathias
Published: January 2025

„Deutschland – das ist der Osten, aber mit dem Gesicht nach Westen.“ (Wilhelm II.) Die Feststellung des letzten Hohenzollernkaisers traf auf die Pfalz und das Sudetenland schon damals nur mit großen Abstrichen zu. Tatsache ist, dass es manche Verbindungslinien zwischen den Kulturräumen gibt, nicht zuletzt kirchliche. Ein Teil davon sind die Geistlichen, deren Wirkungskreis sich auf die Diözesen Speyer, Leitmeritz und Prag erstreckte. In ihrem Leben und Wirken spiegelt sich die Zeitgeschichte. Aus diesem Grund sollen sie zentrales Thema dieses Buches sein.
Privacy in Federated Learning
Authors: Sen Jaydip , Waghela Hetvi , Rakshit Sneha
Published: January 2025

Federated learning (FL) represents a significant advancement in distributed machine learning, enabling multiple participants to collaboratively train models without sharing raw data. This decentralized approach enhances privacy by keeping data on local devices. However, FL introduces new privacy challenges, as model updates shared during training can inadvertently leak sensitive information. This chapter delves into the core privacy concerns within FL, including the risks of data reconstruction, model inversion attacks, and membership inference. It explores various privacy-preserving techniques, such as differential privacy (DP) and secure multi-party computation (SMPC), which are designed to mitigate these risks. The chapter also examines the trade-offs between model accuracy and privacy, emphasizing the importance of balancing these factors in practical implementations. Furthermore, it discusses the role of regulatory frameworks, such as GDPR, in shaping the privacy standards for FL. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of privacy in FL, this chapter aims to equip researchers and practitioners with the knowledge necessary to navigate the complexities of secure federated learning environments. The discussion highlights both the potential and limitations of existing privacy-enhancing techniques, offering insights into future research directions and the development of more robust solutions.
Treatment of Hypomania
Authors: Akkuş Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Hypomania is a mood period that is often described by patients as a more energetic and desired period. However, unfortunately, it is sometimes ignored by relatives of the patient because its symptoms are not very severe. It can also be a significant problem for clinicians since it is not easily recognized by them or they do not have enough knowledge about its treatment. Hypomania is generally considered as mild or short-lasting mania, in the ICD and DSM classification systems, it is defined differently, and clinicians display different approaches toward it. In the treatment of hypomania, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods are used. In the pharmacological approach, some antipsychotics and mood stabilizing drugs are administered. In addition to medication therapy, implementation of non-pharmacological methods such as interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, and some psychoeducational interventions is also effective in this period.
A Thriving Future through Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion for Resilient and Innovative Communities
Authors: Borg Ellul Duncan , Friggieri Jesmond
Published: January 2025

This study explores the critical role of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) in sustainable development, emphasising reducing poverty. Through a systematic literature review, we analyse scholarly perspectives, policy discussions, and case studies from various sectors, including project management, labour markets, women’s entrepreneurship, and sustainable agriculture. Our findings show that DEI strengthens stakeholder engagement, promotes inclusive decision-making, and empowers disadvantaged populations by addressing their socio-economic needs, thereby contributing to efforts to combat poverty. However, significant obstacles, such as cultural resistance, institutional biases, and systemic inequalities, hinder the effective integration of DEI initiatives to support vulnerable groups. To address these challenges, the study recommends policies focused on educational reform, capacity-building, and grassroots engagement to uplift underserved communities. This research presents a framework for embedding DEI in sustainable development, proposing a pathway to more inclusive, resilient communities where poverty is systematically reduced. By integrating DEI into Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 5 (Gender Equality), and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), policymakers can promote a justice-oriented approach that actively includes marginalised populations in development processes.
Perspective Chapter: Comprehensive and New Approximate Analysis and Design Techniques for Reinforced Concrete Structural Elements
Authors: Tohidi Mosleh , Bahadori-Jahromi Ali
Published: January 2025

In practical structural analysis and design scenarios, various software tools are commonly utilized. However, verifying the structural analysis and design can pose a significant challenge for many designers. To address this concern, the author has developed and proposed an innovative, simple, comprehensive, and reliable approximate structural analysis and design method. These methods aim to provide designers with valuable information on the final internal forces (axial/shear force, and bending moment), vertical deflections, lateral displacement/drift of buildings under lateral force, and approximate dimensions of all structural components prior to conducting software analysis and design. The preliminary estimation of beam and column dimensions may lead to an extensive trial and error process. Therefore, this study will introduce a new and reliable approximate structural analysis and design methodology using precise analytical techniques and software evaluations. This approach aims to determine approximate internal forces, establish preliminary structural dimensions, and validate the modeling, analysis, and design processes conducted through software. The methodology presented in this chapter has been applied to the analysis and design of various projects ranging from 5 to 15 stories, which were designed by the author in their capacity as the director of Alan Consulting Engineers. In addition, this chapter presents four case studies to assess the effectiveness and dependability of the proposed methods. The findings indicate discrepancies ranging from 2 to 12%.
Climate Change and LMIC Neonatal Care at a Crossroad: Self-Driven Research for Policy-Actionable Adaptation and Mitigation
Authors: Amadi Hippolite
Published: January 2025

The challenge of global warming is real with its consequent risks which exacerbate morbidity and mortality of LMIC neonates, especially in tropical hot climates such as West Africa. High grid and fossil-fuel energy consumption in industries and healthcare contribute to climate-change. This includes neonatal healthcare where continuous power consumption is needed for the operation of equipment for interventions that keep neonates alive. It is morally unjustifiable to stop the fossil-fuel generator when the life of the newborn is dependent on its operation. The climate dilemma is that the more we consume carbon energy, the worse global warming gets, and the worse the fatal neonatal hyperthermia due to increased global warming. Here lies the crossroad that this Book Chapter seeks to explore. Therefore, efficient climate policies may need to focus more on carefully synthesized bidirectional solutions that must both save the neonate from the harsh climate and also save the climate from neonatal care activities. Neonatal care is just one of numerous aspects of industrial healthcare that could be viewed in a similar manner.
Selective Adsorption of Chiral Nanomaterials: Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Andreevna Gromova Yana , Shabatina Tatyana I.
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the selective adsorption of chiral substances has attracted considerable research attention due to its potential applications in biomedicine. This process involves the use of materials capable of selectively adsorbing one of the chiral isomers, which opens the possibility to improve drugs and create new diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Current scientific research is generally focused on the development and improvement of materials capable of selective adsorption of chiral substances, which can facilitate more precise delivery of drugs into the body, minimizing side effects and improving treatment efficacy. Thus, selective adsorption of chiral molecules represents a promising direction for the future of biomedical technology and medicinal chemistry. In this overview, chapter examples of efficient selective adsorbents for chiral substances, adsorption mechanisms and current biomedical applications of such materials will be discussed.
Energy Storage with Superconducting Magnets: Low-Temperature Applications
Authors: Anand Ankit , Singh Gour Abhay , Sekhar Datta Tripti , Vasudeva Rao Vutukuru
Published: January 2025

Superconducting Magnet Energy Storage (SMES) systems are utilized in various applications, such as instantaneous voltage drop compensation and dampening low-frequency oscillations in electrical power systems. Numerous SMES projects have been completed worldwide, with many still ongoing. This chapter will provide a comprehensive review of SMES projects around the globe, detailing the methodologies for maintaining the low temperatures required for these devices. Superconductors have zero joule loss below their critical temperature, allowing SMES to save energy without any loss. Additionally, since there is no mechanical conversion when supplying energy, SMES systems boast very high efficiency, up to 95%. Potential new applications of SMES will be thoroughly explored, and the significant issues facing current technology, as well as possible advancements in this field, will be discussed.
Machine Learning for Sustainable Shipping: Predicting Vessel CO₂ Emissions Using Random Forest Models
Authors: Anne Hargreaves Carol , Wan Nee Toh Briana
Published: January 2025

Predicting fuel consumption in the shipping industry is a critical task that supports optimized operations, driving both economic and environmental benefits as global demand for shipping continues to grow. However, accurately forecasting Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions is challenging due to the complexity and volume of operational data. In this study, we developed and evaluated the Random Forest model to measure the prediction accuracy. The Random Forest model achieved a high predictive accuracy, with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.046, demonstrating its robustness in capturing the non-linear relationships in the data. Feature importance analysis within the Random Forest model highlighted vessel length, gross tonnage, width, and draft as key predictors of fuel consumption, offering valuable insights into CO2 emissions-reduction strategies. These findings underscore the potential of machine learning to empower data-driven decisions in the maritime sector. Future work will explore further optimization of the Random Forest model, incorporate additional predictive features, and investigate real-time applications to enhance operational efficiency and sustainability. By making accurate CO2 emission predictions, this research contributes to the industry’s efforts to achieve sustainable and environmentally responsible shipping practices.
Lived Experience of Diabetes Self-Management Among the Elderly in India
Authors: Kalpana Kosalram B. , Srinivas V. , Sambath Irene
Published: January 2025

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations (UN) designated 2021–2030 as the “Decade of Healthy Ageing,” which underscores the increasing importance of addressing the needs of an aging global population. As emphasized in the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 Report, 2020, India, which is frequently referred to as the “Diabetes Capital of the World,” is grappling with a substantial burden of diabetes among older adults. Against this demographic backdrop, the chapter explores the way elderly Indians handle the intricacies of diabetes self-management, which encompasses dietary modifications, medication adherence, physical activity, and routine monitoring, supported by family, healthcare providers, and community resources. This chapter endeavors to inform healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers regarding the unique requirements of elderly diabetic patients by providing the reader with personal insights and lived experiences, thereby facilitating a more personalized approach to diabetes care.
Framing Social Protest: The Exodus Narrative in Martin Luther King s Montgomery Bus Boycott Rhetoric
Authors: Selby Gary S. ,   Religious Communication Association
Published: January 2025

This essay explores Martin Luther Kings use of the Exodus narrative in his Montgomery bus boycott speeches, arguing that by superimposing a religious drama on the campaign, King explained protesters' present circumstances, urged their engagement in united action, and provided an overwhelming conviction that they would succeed. Kings speeches thus played a crucial role in the boycott's development, for they connected events in the protesters experience with a salient cultural tradition in a way that made those events meaningful. This suggests that narrative can play a potent role in the development of social movements, providing an essential point of convergence around which they gain coherence and power.
Behind Bars in the Belly of the Beast
Authors: Stumpf Benjamin ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2025

This article offers a reading of the surviving issues of Red Dragon, a radical underground newsletter, that was written, published, and distributed by incarcerated activists in different prisons across the United States from 1978–1982, founded and edited by the political prisoner Ed Mead. This article explores the newsletter’s argument that the U.S. prison movement adopt an internationalist and antiimperialist stance, one that understood U.S. imperialism as the common oppressor of Third World nations and people incarcerated in the United States. It thus provides an account of the development of a thread of revolutionary theory that developed from the George Jackson Brigade through Men Against Sexism to Red Dragon, a third act that comes out of these better-known moments in U.S. prison movement history. Altogether, this article demonstrates how attention to Red Dragon affirms a turn in critical prison and police studies toward the global and international dimensions of U.S. carceral power and resistance.
“A very definite and unambigious sort of word”
Authors: Mitchell Philip Irving ,   Marquette University Press
Published: January 2025

Dorothy L. Sayers’s last play, The Emperor Constantine, employs her fundamental trust in analogies between the present and the past in order to embody political and theological particulars which surrounded Constantine I and the First Ecumenical Council. Sayers bases her dramatic approach upon her philosophy of history and of creative personhood, conceptions which are indebted to the decisions of that era in Christian history. In her estimation, a theology of the Trinity and the two-nature of Christ undergird both a basic trust in a Western heritage of human action and in the dramatic shape of the individual’s need for forgiveness and grace.
Psychological Impact of Smartphone Use on Nomophobia Among Teenagers
Authors: Arifandy Mahsun , Cahya Ningrat Rizal
Published: January 2025

Nomophobia has become an important mental health issue in the digital age. Excessive smartphone use can increase psychological dependence, known as nomophobia, which is the excessive fear or anxiety when one does not have access to their device. This research aims to analyze the psychological impact of smartphone use on nomophobia among adolescents aged 10 to 22 years. The method used was a systematic review of 10 selected journals that discussed the effects of reducing the duration of smartphone use on the level of nomophobia. The results showed that adolescents who used their cell phones for 1-5 hours per day had lower levels of nomophobia, cell phone addiction and loneliness compared to those who used their cell phones for 6-10 hours or more than 11 hours per day. This research provides important implications in designing strategies to reduce cell phone usage time to improve adolescents' mental well-being and recommends further research into the effectiveness of specific interventions.
THE MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES TO STABILIZE GLUCOSE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Putri Moudy Muhaiminurrohima , Pujiyanto Pujiyanto
Published: January 2025

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease and a global public health challenge. The aim of this study is to review the most commonly used complementary therapies to control glycemic in patients with type 2 DM. The research contributes to the field of diabetes management by systematically reviewing and evaluating complementary therapies that are frequently employed for diabetes management. The literature searches are structured through online databases including Pubmed, Cochrane, and Science Direct. The population in this study was individuals with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes mellitus who were >18 years of age, the interventions were complementary and alternative therapies, the study types were RCT and Quasi Experimental, and the result was controlled lipid levels. A total of 12 articles were obtained that met the inclusion criteria. The results of the literature review through PRISMA showed that the majority of the articles were published in English and English. The majority of articles were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy of complementary therapies in reducing blood glucose, insulin resistance, and oxidative status in type 2 diabetic patients. In addition, this review can highlight gaps in the current literature, paving the way for future research initiatives aimed at exploring the effectiveness, safety, and mechanisms of action of various complementary approaches in diabetes management, thereby facilitating informed decision-making in patient care.