bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stemming the tide of mental health problems in young people: Challenges and potential solutions
Authors: Eapen Valsamma , Stylianakis Anthea , Scott Elizabeth , Milroy Helen , Bowden Michael , Haslam Ric , Stathis Stephen
Published: November 2022

One in five people experience clinically relevant mental health problems before the age of 25 years. Furthermore, in Australia, one in seven children are reported to experience a mental health disorder. Consequently, there has been a steady increase in demand for mental health services for children and young people, and this has been compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic. Unfortunately, currently many children and young people with mental health difficulties are not accessing appropriate and/or timely care, with individuals and families finding it increasingly difficult to access and navigate suitable services. In part, this is related to the fragmented and isolated manner in which child mental health services are operating. To address the current issues in access to appropriate child and adolescent mental health care in Australia, a novel Integrated Continuum of Connect and Care model is proposed to integrate relevant services along a tiered care pathway. The aim of this model is to facilitate timely access to mental health services that meet the specific needs of each child/young person and their family. This model will function within co-located service hubs that integrate health care through a comprehensive assessment followed by a link up to relevant services. The Integrated Continuum of Connect and Care has the potential to pave the way for unifying the fragmented child and youth mental health system in Australia.
Containing Large-Scale Criminal Violence Through Internationalized Prosecution: How the Collaboration Between the CICIG and Guatemala’s Law Enforcement Contributed to a Sustained Reduction in the Murder Rate
Authors: Trejo Guillermo , Nieto-Matiz Camilo
Published: November 2022

How do post-conflict societies contain large-scale criminal violence when state security forces that committed atrocities during a civil war remain unpunished and become key players in the criminal underworld? This article explores the impact on violence reduction of internationalized prosecution (IP): cooperation agreements between an international organization and a country’s public prosecutors to dismantle state-criminal networks through judicial action. We assess the IP process by which the United Nations–sponsored International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG) and Guatemala’s law enforcement dismantled over 70 criminal structures led by death squads and the civil war military establishment. Using synthetic control models, we estimate that Guatemala’s IP process plausibly prevented the occurrence of between 20,000 and 30,000 homicides, from 2008 until 2019. Case studies show how IP contributed to violence reduction by removing criminal structures and deterring both state-criminal collusion and the state’s use of iron-fist militarized policies against crime.
Content Analysis of Preferred Recovery Pathways Among Urban American Indians and Alaska Natives Experiencing Alcohol Use Disorders
Authors: Nelson Lonnie A. , Collins Susan E. , Birch Jasmine , Burns Raven , McPhail Grace , Onih Jemima , Cupp Cameron , Ubay Tatiana , King Victor , Taylor Emily , Masciel Karissa , Slaney Trevor , Bunch Joseph , King Roxanna , Mahinalani-Garza Celina , Piper Benjamin K. S. , Squetimkin-Anquoe Annette
Published: November 2022

Approximately three fourths of the American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) population lives in urban areas, and urban AI/ANs are disproportionately affected by alcohol-related morbidity and mortality. Although no studies have documented alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment outcomes specific to urban AI/ANs, studies in other Native communities highlight concerns about the cultural acceptability of directive, abstinence-based approaches, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and 12-step programs. Understanding this population’s desired recovery pathways in their own words may help providers create more culturally appropriate, patient-centered, and effective approaches. Participants ( N = 31) were urban AI/ANs who screened positive for AUD using the AUDIT-C. They participated in semi-structured interviews eliciting their experiences in AUD treatment to date and suggestions for redesigning AUD treatment in their own vision. Conventional content analysis was used to create a thematic description. Findings indicated that intrinsic motivation and not extrinsic pressure (e.g., mandated treatment) was associated with positive treatment engagement and outcomes. Participants appreciated feeling safe and supported in AUD treatment, but also felt AUD treatment could be institutional and oppressive. Participants preferred compassionate counselors with lived experience who could provide insights into recovery; they largely did not appreciate a “tough love” approach or power struggles with counselors. Native-led treatment centers providing access to cultural practices were preferred. Moving forward, participants suggested AUD treatment providers should help patients meet basic needs, prioritize patient-driven versus provider-driven goal-setting, support patients’ reconnection with meaningful activities, facilitate access to a supportive community network, and recognize cultural activities as important recovery pathways.
Bone Sialoprotein Is Critical for Alveolar Bone Healing in Mice
Authors: Chavez M.B. , Tan M. H. , Kolli T. N. , Zachariadou C. , Farah F. , Mohamed F.F. , Chu E.Y. , Foster B.L.
Published: November 2022

Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein associated with mineralized tissues, particularly bone and cementum. BSP includes functional domains implicated in collagen binding, hydroxyapatite nucleation, and cell signaling, although its function(s) in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and function remain incompletely understood. Genetic ablation of BSP in Ibsp knockout ( Ibsp–/–) mice results in developmental bone mineralization and remodeling defects, with alveolar bone more severely affected than the femurs and tibias of the postcranial skeleton. The role of BSP in alveolar bone healing has not been studied. We hypothesized that BSP ablation would cause defective alveolar bone healing. We employed a maxillary first molar extraction socket healing model in 42-d postnatal Ibsp–/– and wild-type (WT) control mice. Tissues were collected at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 56 d postprocedure (dpp) for analysis by micro–computed tomography (microCT), histology, in situ hybridization (ISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) array. As expected, alveolar bone healing progressed in WT mice with increasing bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone mineral density (BMD), and tissue mineral density (TMD), transitioning from woven to mature bone from 7 to 56 dpp. Ibsp messenger RNA (mRNA) and BSP protein were strongly expressed during alveolar bone healing in parallel with other osteogenic markers. Compared to WT, Ibsp–/– mice exhibited 50% to 70% reduced BV/TV and BMD at all time points, 7% reduced TMD at 21 dpp, abnormally increased Col1a1 and Alpl mRNA expression, and persistent presence of woven bone and increased bone marrow in healing sockets. qPCR revealed substantially dysregulated gene expression in alveolar bone of Ibsp–/– versus WT mice, with significantly disrupted expression of 45% of tested genes in functional groups, including markers for osteoblasts, osteoclasts, mineralization, ECM, cell signaling, and inflammation. We conclude that BSP is a critical and nonredundant factor for alveolar bone healing, and its absence disrupts multiple major pathways involved in appropriate healing.
Provision of forensic healthcare services for police custodial settings in England, Wales and Northern Ireland: Current practice and implications for other services?
Authors: Kennedy Kieran M , Payne-James Grace J , Payne-James J Jason , Green Peter G
Published: November 2022

Provision of forensic healthcare services may affect patient safety and criminal justice outcomes. We reviewed models of delivery for services in police custody in terms of cost, types of healthcare professionals and their minimum required experience, training and qualification. Relevant information was requested under the Freedom of Information Act from all police services in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Additional information was sought from the London Ambulance Service and the Metropolitan Police Service. A third of respondent police services refused to provide the requested information and only a small minority answered the questions in their entirety. Many police services cited excessive cost and commercial interests as reasons for not providing the information. A marked variation in models of forensic healthcare provision across police services which responded was identified. London Ambulance Service call-outs to Metropolitan Police Service custody suites for those arrested varied from 0% to 3.8%. There is substantial inconsistency and variability of information on forensic healthcare services in police custody. A standardised national dataset of all aspects of police custodial healthcare (irrespective of by whom such services are provided) should be established. We advise that the Association of Police & Crime Commissioners, College of Policing the National Police Chiefs’ Council and NHS England Health and Justice engage on these matters and work with the Faculty of Forensic & Legal Medicine, the United Kingdom Association of Forensic Nurses and Paramedics, and the College of Paramedics to restart the transfer of all police custodial healthcare services to the National Health Service.
Locus of Control as a Mediator of the Relationships Between Motivational Systems and Trait Anxiety
Authors: Kaynak Hande , Turan Aysu , Demir Yağmur
Published: November 2022

The Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, first proposed by Gray and later revised, describes three motivational systems: Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS), Behavioral Activation System (BAS), and Fight-Flight-Freeze System (FFFS). Studies have shown that high BIS and FFFS activation are positively related to anxiety symptoms, yet the relationship between BAS and anxiety remains unclear. Research data have also suggested that anxiety symptoms occur with the loss of perceived control. Thus, although studies on the direct effect of locus of control (LOC) on trait anxiety have accumulated for many years, the issue of how LOC may mediate the relationship between BIS/BAS/FFFS sensitivity and anxiety has not been addressed. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of LOC orientation on trait anxiety among young adults in association with these three motivational systems. Cross-sectional data were obtained from 422 volunteers. The BIS/BAS Scale, Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Rotter’s Internal-External LOC Scale were applied. A series of mediation analyses were performed to estimate total, indirect, and direct effects. The results showed that BIS and FFFS positively predicted trait anxiety. In addition, LOC positively predicted trait anxiety and BIS. The results of the mediation analyses indicated that LOC functioned as a partial mediator between BIS and trait anxiety. This finding revealed that a high BIS level, one of the motivational systems, was associated with external LOC, which in turn contributed to reporting high trait anxiety in young adults. Hence, BIS and external LOC orientation could be suggested as risk factors for trait anxiety. As the external LOC orientation of individuals with high punishment sensitivity increased, their trait anxiety levels also increased. Therefore, it was suggested that it might be useful to be aware that LOC orientations of individuals with BIS sensitivity may pose a risk for trait anxiety.
Influence of micro crystalline cellulose on EPDM-based automotive sealing profile
Authors: Poyraz Bayram , Güner Yusuf , Yardım Tayfun , Yamanoğlu Rıdvan , Tozluoğlu Ayhan , Durmuş Sefa , Şen Murat
Published: November 2022

This study examined the effects of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) used in EPDM elastomer composites in replace of EPDM. For that purpose, the MCC was added in amounts of 1.75; 3.5, and 5.25 phr to investigate the chemical, thermal, rheological, mechanical, morphological, and dielectric properties of EPDM elastomers. At the end of the study, the MCC enabled increased tensile strength, and elongation while causing lower thermal stability and Mooney scorch. The MCC also facilitated the vulcanization process by providing faster production while mixing homogeneously in the matrix. In addition, it decreased dielectric lossyness as well as increased the electric charge storage capacity. However, E-Cel2, containing 3, 5 phr MCC, was found to be more suitable for high-K applications, whereas E-Cel3 was more suitable for low-loss applications. In conclusion, MCC can be also recommended to automotive industries to provide more biocompatible and enhanced properties as a substitute for EPDM.
Rural Education and the State in Mexico: The Legacy of Elena Torres Cuellar
Authors: Calderón Marco
Published: November 2022

Background/Context:

This article is part of a broader investigation of the sociocultural history of rural education in Mexico that focuses on federally financed “social experiments,” the main purpose of which was to find “effective” methods to educate and “civilize” the rural population, especially Indigenous people.

Purpose/Objective:

Although the contributions of Elena Torres Cuellar, a graduate of Columbia University’s Teachers College, to rural education in Mexico were very important, comparatively little is known about her life and legacy.

Research Design & Data Collection:

This historical essay uses archival and primary sources to recover fundamental aspects of the legacy of Elena Torres Cuellar in the history of Mexican rural education in the context of the construction of the postrevolutionary state and political system. The article approaches this legacy through analysis of Torres’s career trajectory, emphasizing her work for the Secretariat of Public Education.

Conclusions:

Elena Torres Cuellar had a big influence on the organization of Mexico’s Cultural Missions and other projects in rural education. Torres Cuellar’s studies on rural education at Teachers College under the mentorship of Mabel Carney in 1925 and 1926 were fundamental to Torres’s life and work. The importance of women educators and social workers as well as their empowerment are central themes in her life and career.
Indigenous Peoples and Organization Studies
Authors: Bastien François , Coraiola Diego M. , Foster William M.
Published: November 2022

This essay encourages scholars of management and organization studies (MOS) to critically reflect on how Indigenous peoples and their knowledges have been, and continue to be, systemically discriminated against. This discrimination is the result of colonization; it has deeply impacted and continues to affect which knowledges and practices are valued and embraced. The impact of colonization is mirrored in MOS via processes and actions within the academic setting and our business schools. The result is the continued marginalization of Indigenous peoples and their knowledges. We propose a shift in how MOS scholars approach research in relation to non-western societies to counter, and hopefully end, these continued practices of discrimination in our business schools. Specifically, we argue that demarginalizing Indigenous research in academia and going beyond ‘cosmetic indigenization’ in our business schools are new, collaborative ways of rethinking indigeneity and breaking down the current barriers in MOS that reinforce and perpetuate the systemic discrimination against Indigenous peoples, their knowledges and practices.
Branded Media Representations of Coach Sarah Murray: The Intersection of Olympic Nationalism, Gender, and Whiteness in ice Hockey
Authors: Park DooJae , Shin NaRi
Published: November 2022

This study offers a critical discourse analysis of media representations of coach Sarah Murray, the first foreign, the first female, and the youngest head coach of the South Korean women's national ice hockey team at the 2018 PyeongChang Olympics. We focus on the South Korean media, which framed and manipulated coach Murray's credibility, especially the caliber of her coaching, while constructing a familial tie and restating the global hierarchy between North America and South Korea in the sport of ice hockey. We suggest how the media (re)produced denotative/connotative meanings of the recruitment of Coach Murray and her leadership through determinant moments by engaging a discussion of the discourse that both constructed coach Murray as subordinate to male figures and affirmed whiteness as the center of the global context.
Health Literacy, Perceived Stigma, Self-Efficacy, and HRQOL in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: O’Brien Julia A. , Hickman Ronald L. , Burant Christopher , Dolansky Mary , Padrino Susan
Published: November 2022

Little is known about the relationships among self-efficacy, social determinants of health, and health outcomes in adults living with sickle cell disease (SCD). We conducted mediation analyses examining the relationships among health literacy, perceived stigma, self-efficacy, and health outcomes in an online cohort of adults living with SCD. The health outcomes explored were physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and pain interference; covariates included gender, disease severity, and depressive symptoms. Data came from a cross-sectional, descriptive study of 60 adults with SCD. Perceived stigma and self-efficacy had significant relationships with the study outcomes, while health literacy did not. Self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between perceived stigma and physical HRQOL, when controlling for depressive symptoms. Future research should investigate the influence of stigma and self-efficacy on health outcomes in patients with SCD and consider stigma when creating interventions to modify self-efficacy.
Implementation of enhanced recovery in cardiac surgery: An experimental study with the control group
Authors: Hendy Ayman , DiQuinzo Claudio , O'Reilly Mark , Hendy Abdelaziz , Vician Michael , Theriault Chris , Chedrawy Edgar , Hirsch Gregory , Aliter Hashem
Published: November 2022

Introduction

The Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery protocol is the most recent addition to cardiac treatment. In this paper, we aimed to test the safety and viability of this protocol in our hospital to improve our standard of care.

Methods

This study was conducted as an experimental study with a historical control at the Maritime Heart Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. In order to quantify the success of this protocol, we measured the postoperative Length of Hospital Stay and three intensive care unit variables: time to extubation, time to ambulation, and opioid consumption. In the study, 100 patients were in the Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery group, and 103 patients were used as historic controls-selected by strenuous chart review and selection criteria.

Results

The primary outcome (Length of Hospital Stay) was reduced from a mean of 8.88 ± 3.50 days in the control group to a mean of 5.13 ± 1.34 days in the Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery group ( p < 0.001). Likewise, we observed a significant reduction in intensive care unit variables: time to extubation was reduced from 10.54 ± 7.83 h in the control group to 6.69 ± 1.63 in the Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery group ( p < 0.01), and time to ambulation was reduced from 36.27 ± 35.21 h in the control group to 9.78 ± 2.03 in the Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery group ( p < 0.01) and opioid consumption was reduced from 50.58 ± 11.93 milligram morphine equivalent in the control group to 11.58 ± 4.43 milligram morphine equivalent in the Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery group ( p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery protocols were seamlessly integrated into selected cardiac surgical patients, contingent on a high level of interprofessional communication and collaboration.
Implication of knowledge, lifestyle and self-efficacy in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases’ risk factors among the urban elderly
Authors: Akinmoladun Oluwaseun F. , Femi Fortune A. , Nesamvuni Cebisa N.
Published: November 2022

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is preventable by effectively managing its risk factors. Such risk factors (smoking, unhealthy eating habits, sedentary lifestyles, etc.) are judged to reflect an individual's self-efficacy, lifestyle modification, and CVD knowledge. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between lifestyle practices, self-efficacy, and knowledge of CVDs risk factors among the elderly. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 424 randomly individuals whose age is ≥60 years. A questionnaire-based survey was administered on the self-efficacy rate, lifestyle practices, and respondents’ knowledge of CVDs risk factors. Respondents with a score of ≤50%, 51%–74.99%, and ≥75% were classified as having low, medium, or high self-efficacy. Similarly, the same score was used to classify poor, fair, or good lifestyle; and low, average, or high knowledge. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, while association among variables was determined using chi-square. Results: Few respondents were involved in physical exercise (1.7%), cigarette smoking (4.5%), regular soft drinks (18.2%), and alcohol consumption (13.2%). Many respondents used excess salt during cooking (92.7%) or ate outside their homes (64.6%). 58.5%, 30.0%, and 11.6% of the respondents had fair, good, and poor lifestyle practices. 11.3%, 58.7%, and 30.0% had low, medium, and high self-efficacy scores. A total of 45.3%, 35.4%, and 19.3% had low, average, and high knowledge. Knowledge and self-efficacy scores were significantly different ( P  =  0.001). Conclusion: High self-efficacy and its significant relationship with knowledge could mean that CVD risk factors can be checked if the elderly have a proper lifestyle, positive attitudes, and nutrition education.
The relationship between perception and production of illusory vowels in a second language
Authors: Kim Song Yi , Han Jeong-Im
Published: November 2022

Korean learners of English are known to repair consonant clusters, which are not allowed in their native language, with an epenthetic vowel [ɨ]. The purpose of the present study is to examine whether the perception–production link of such an illusory vowel in a second language (L2) is only within and not across processing levels, as proposed in a previous study regarding L2 segments. We assessed the perception and production of English onset clusters by Korean learners and native English speakers at the prelexical (AX discrimination and pseudoword read-aloud tasks) and lexical (lexical decision and picture-naming tasks) levels, using the same participants and stimuli across the tasks. Results showed that accuracy in not producing an epenthetic vowel between the two consonants of onset cluster was not significantly associated with accurate perception of the cluster either within or across processing levels. The results suggest that production and perception accuracy in L2 phonotactics are independent to a certain extent.
Literature Review on Gravel Road Maintenance: Current State and Directions for Future Research
Authors: Mbiyana Keegan , Kans Mirka , Campos Jaime , Håkansson Lars
Published: November 2022

Gravel roads form a significant share of the global road network, usually in sparsely populated rural areas. They are important, especially in agriculture, tourism, and forestry, connecting rural to urban areas. This systematic literature study comprises 105 reviewed publications on gravel road maintenance. Review articles on maintenance management practices, especially concerning objective condition assessment and data-driven methods (DDMs), are lacking. Therefore, this review provides a concise overview of current gravel road maintenance practices and ongoing research on objective condition assessment and DDMs for gravel road maintenance. It offers researchers in gravel road maintenance and other related fields a clear indication of where to focus their research efforts, as it suggests the direction for future research. Visual assessment methods are predominant for monitoring the condition of gravel roads, while objective methods and DDMs are not common. Research on gravel roads and their maintenance has increased in the last two decades, especially in North America and Northern Europe. Condition assessment is shifting from subjective to objective methods, utilizing knowledge from technological advancements in image processing, vibration and acoustics analysis, and so forth. There are some excellent research initiatives for objectively assessing the condition of gravel roads and DDMs, but the practical implementation is limited. Implementing objective assessment methods and DDMs generally improves the management of gravel roads with regard to decision-making, maintenance costs, safety, and the stability and comfort of the ride. Objective condition assessment and DDMs have the potential to enhance maintenance practices in the maintenance of gravel roads.
Integrated analysis of the genomic and transcriptional profile of gliomas with isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 and tumor protein 53 mutations
Authors: Liu Han-Qing , Li Wei-Xin , An Ya-Wen , Wu Tao , Jiang Guang-Yu , Dong Yu , Chen Wei-Xin , Wang Jian-Chun , Wang Cheng , Song Shuo
Published: November 2022

Background: The gene mutation of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) is commonly found in LGG and some GBM patients and usually carries tumor protein 53 (TP53) mutations. However, the underlying mechanisms on both mutations of glioma patients in IDH1 and TP53 are still unclear. Aim: To find the potential target markers in GBM and LGG patients with IDH1 and TP53 mutation.Method: A total of 1122 glioma patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas were enrolled and divided as wild-type (without IDH1 and TP53 mutations) or both mutant (both IDH1 and TP53 mutations). The data of clinicopathological characteristics, mRNA, mutations, and copy number alteration were analyzed. Results: IDH1 and TP53 mutations, not gene expression, affect the survival probability of GBM and LGG patients, which might be related to neuron function, immune function, tumor invasion, and metastasis. The effects of the selected gene (EMILIN3, SAA1, VSTM2A, HAMP, IFT80, and CHIC2) on glioma patients could be regulated by IDH1 and TP53 mutations and had a higher survival possibility in these patients. Conclusions: The selected genes in GBM and LGG patients with IDH1 and TP53 mutations could be a potential prognosis marker in the future.
Serving Like an Organization: How Foodservice and Retail Workers Interpret Their Interactions With Customers
Authors: Storer Adam
Published: November 2022

How do customers affect the job quality of frontline workers? This paper draws on over 15,000 observations from two datasets of 10 foodservice and retail companies, conducting qualitative, quantitative, and computational text analysis in order to address this question. Findings suggest that frontline workers evaluate customer interactions in three ways: As an inescapable occupational hazard or benefit, as a source of intrinsic satisfaction, or as the result of organizational strategies. Additionally, frontline workers’ job satisfaction and turnover intentions are more highly associated with agreement or disagreement with organizational strategies regarding customers than other common ways of theorizing customer interactions.
Optimization of molding process parameters for enhancing mechanical properties of jute fiber reinforced composites
Authors: He Liping , Xia Fan , Chen Dachuan , Peng Shuyi , Hou Shujuan , Zheng Junchao
Published: November 2022

Compression molding is a manufacturing technique that is frequently and widely utilized in fabricating composites. However, bast fiber reinforced composites (BFRC) with good quality and high performance by compression molding are quite challenging because it is complicated to find suitable process parameters. Previous works on improving the mechanical performance of compression molded BFRCs normally considered the influence of a single process parameter and ignored the mutual effects of process parameters. To enhance the mechanical qualities of BFRCs and enlarge their applications, this paper studied the synergistic effects of two molding process parameters on the mechanical characteristics of jute reinforced polypropylene composites (jute/PP) from contour and surface plots through response surface methodology (RSM). The significance of each molding process factor on the mechanical behaviors of jute/PP was investigated by conducting the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Multi-parameter co-optimization achieved the optimal mechanical performance of molded jute/PP at 186.8°C, 5.6 MPa, and 10.1 min, which was consistent with experimental findings. This suggests that response surface equations obtained from RSM can accurately characterize the relationships between mechanical characteristics and molding parameters of jute/PP. The RSM provides a useful and reliable way to find the optimal process parameters for better mechanical behaviors.
Identifying factors affecting the low uptake of reprocessed construction materials: A systematic literature review
Authors: Tennakoon Gihan Anuradha , Rameezdeen Raufdeen , Chileshe Nicholas
Published: November 2022

The success of demolition waste reverse logistics supply chains (DWRLSCs) depend on the market uptake of reprocessed construction materials (RCMs) since resource recovery will not be viable without a well-developed consumption process. However, usage of RCMs is sparse while there is also limited focus in existing research on their market uptake. Therefore, this systematic literature review (SLR) attempts to discern trends in research on the use of RCMs and identify factors that limit their uptake. 52 articles from three databases published between 2000 and 2021 were selected for descriptive and content analyses. Descriptive analysis showed growing research interest in the area over the last 5 years. Content analysis was underpinned by Attitude-Behaviour-Context (ABC) Theory which focuses on pro-environmental consumer decisions. As predicted by the theory, a mix of personal and contextual factors affect the low uptake of RCMs. Negative attitudes, reluctance to change the status quo and limited decision-making capabilities were identified as personal factors that limit the use of RCMs. Similarly, contextual factors such as price, quality, information availability, market availability, sourcing lead times and lack of regulations, standards, and specifications inhibit the use of such materials. The review also proposes several future research directions to expand knowledge around this domain.
A Tale of a Few CBDs: The Uneven Resurgence of Central Business District Economies across U.S. Cities, 1994–2019
Authors: Osman Taner
Published: November 2022

In many central business districts (CBDs), job growth has occurred since the 1990s, but at a far slower rate than in non-CBD areas. Over this time, there has been a great divergence in economic performance among CBD areas, with a handful of CBD economies far outperforming the rest. Overall, CBD economies have become home to higher paying economic activities, compared with non-CBD areas, because industries comprising higher levels of “cognitive” tasks locate a higher share of jobs in CBD areas. As such, CBD performance seems to be tied to the mix of industries present in a given region’s economy.
Paraprofessional Instructional Assistants Raise the Reading Performance of Latina/o First Graders in a Low-Income District
Authors: Aurora Melina , Farkas George
Published: November 2022

One relatively low-cost mechanism to assist teachers serving many English learner (EL) students and struggling readers is to hire, train, and manage paraprofessionals to provide supplementary instruction to such students. This study evaluated a program in which one district provided instructional aides to all first-grade teachers in the lowest-performing schools. To estimate program effects on reading, we used matched comparison schools in two research designs. One was a comparative interrupted time-series design, which compared school-level test score averages for treatment and comparison schools before and after program implementation. The other analyzed student-level test scores in these schools before and after the program. Both yielded positive estimates of program effects, significant at the p < .10 and p < .05 levels.
Lower Prices for Customers, and Less Charity Care? The Prospects for Mixed-Market Competition With Nonprofit and Hybrid Firms
Authors: Brown Eleanor , Fan Claire Qing
Published: November 2022

In recent years, the emergence of new legal forms allowing for-profit firms to incorporate with a formal commitment to both profit and social purpose has disrupted the traditional American business-charity dichotomy. The arrival of these hybrid firms can be expected to affect the functioning of markets and poses a potential challenge to the role played by large nonprofits that provide quasi-public services such as education and health care. We construct duopoly models of competition between a nonprofit firm and either a traditional for-profit firm or a hybrid firm, simultaneously choosing output levels of a homogeneous good. We show that when the nonprofit competes with a hybrid firm it becomes less competitive in the sense that its output level contracts, it raises less net revenue with which to fund charity care, and it is more easily driven out of the market.
Capable supervision, pragmatic engagement, and hands-off steering: Three preferences of Chinese government officials for governing non-profit organizations in public service delivery
Authors: Li Yanwei , Cao Ying
Published: November 2022

Governments’ preferences for governing non-profit organizations (NPOs) are a relevant but understudied issue for governance scholars. Using Q methodology, this study investigates Chinese government officials’ preferences for governing NPOs that deliver public services. We identified three government preferences: capable supervision, pragmatic engagement, and hands-off steering. We found different theoretical perspectives identified in the literature combine with one another to formulate these government preferences for governing NPOs. A key implication is that the Chinese state predominantly prefers the traditional public administration perspective, although it pragmatically borrows useful ingredients from other steering perspectives simultaneously. We recommend that governments, when governing NPOs, seriously address the configurations of governance strategies.
Experimental study on effectiveness in segmental baffled shell and tube heat exchanger using Al2O3 nanofluid at variable concentrations
Authors: Sameer Syed , Prakash SB , Shaik Sharmas Vali , G Narayana Swamy
Published: November 2022

Nanoparticles attracted many researchers because of their significant heat transfer enhancement properties in various applications. The nanoparticles have variable properties and a high specific surface (Cp) area, which enhance heat exchange between fluids and their particles at different volume concentrations. This article provides the outcomes of an experimental study on the overall heat transfer coefficient (Uo) and effectiveness ( ε) of the shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) with a 25% baffle cut using Al2O3 nanofluid consisting of base fluid distilled water (DW) and Al2O3 nanoparticles at 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% of volume concentrations. Using a two-step method and adding a weight fraction of 0.1% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) as a surface active agent to each volume concentration of nanofluid provides better stability. The thermophysical properties like density (ρ), thermal conductivity (k), and dynamic viscosity ( μ) of the Al2O3-DW nanofluid increased, but Cp of the same was reduced by increasing the volume fraction. Al2O3-DW nanofluid at different concentrations in parallel and counter flow variations of the STHE enhances the Uo and ε when compared with water. However, counterflow provides higher effectiveness. At 0.6 LPM of the nanofluid flow and hot fluid at T = 80°C temperature, the difference in the heat exchanger's effectiveness enhancement is 4.24% for parallel flow and 4.16% for counterflow at 0.2% concentration of Al2O3-DW nanofluid compared to water.
A Systematic Literature Review of Transnational Alliances in Higher Education: The Gaps in Strategic Perspectives
Authors: Fehrenbach Hana , Huisman Jeroen
Published: November 2022

Higher education institutions actively pursue transnational strategic alliances at the organizational level, but what are the rationales, pathways and benefits behind this pursuit? A systematic literature review in the Web of Science and Scopus reveals the majority of studies touching on this topic are descriptive, lacking definitions and theoretical underpinnings, with the word ‘strategy’ used in a generic, redundant or implicit manner. None of the 72 studies identified in this research takes a combined approach to considering the “why”, the “how” and the benefits derived from pursuing such alliances. This is necessary to explore the rationales and interconnected mechanisms that lead to strategic pathways, and to address the interplay between approaches taken and benefits derived. In addition to identifying a research agenda, this literature review points to the need for more comprehensive and theoretically grounded studies to support this emerging research area and evidence-based decision-making by policy-makers and senior leadership.
Selling out the Public University? Administrative Sensemaking Strategies for Internationalization via Private Pathway Colleges in Canadian Higher Education
Authors: Tamtik Merli
Published: November 2022

The emergence of agreements between private pathway colleges and public English-medium institutions represents a new development in internationalization that further challenges the public higher education landscape. While these institutional arrangements are controversial and often criticized, university senior administrators have been successfully able to advocate for and authorize them. This paper takes a closer look into the reasoning that administrators use in order to legitimize formal agreements with private pathway colleges in Canada. Drawing from the sensemaking literature within organizational theory, the following strategies are traced and analyzed: 1) normalization, 2) authorization, 3) rationalization, 4) moralization, and 5) narrativization. Through content analysis of 50 institutional documents, supported by nine semi-structured interviews with senior administrators representing two public universities and one private provider in Canada (Navitas), the paper demonstrates how neoliberal ideologies in internationalization are actively enacted in public spaces by administrators representing the public higher education sector.
A review of placenta accreta spectrum and its outcomes for perinatal mental health
Authors: Ayalde Jeremiah , Epee-Bekima Mathias , Jansen Brendan
Published: November 2022

Objectives

Placenta accreta spectrum conditions are rare, life-threatening disorders of placentation encountered in the perinatal period, with lasting impacts on maternal quality of life and psychological wellbeing. Although the obstetric outcomes are well-known, further review is warranted to explore the psychological sequelae that may accompany these conditions.

Conclusions

The occurrence of placenta accreta spectrum during pregnancy is a major life stressor that can contribute to the development of psychiatric co-morbidity including posttraumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety disorders. Early recognition of psychological distress and symptomatic profile is recommended at all stages of perinatal care complicated by this rare spectrum of conditions.
Effects of changes in homogenization sequence and temperature for milk on physicochemical properties of stirred yoghurt
Authors: Ergin Firuze , Küçükçetin Ahmet
Published: November 2022

In this study, the effects of homogenization sequence (before or after heat treatment) and homogenization temperature (40, 50 and 60 °C) for milk were investigated on physicochemical properties of stirred yoghurt. Stirred yoghurts were produced from homogenized and subsequently heat-treated milks, and heat-treated and subsequently homogenized milks and stored at 4 °C for 30 days. Number of grains, mean perimeter of grains, visual roughness, firmness, apparent viscosity, consistency coefficient in yoghurts produced from homogenized milk after heat treatment were higher, compared to those in yoghurts produced from milk homogenized before heat treatment, and these increased when homogenization temperature increased. To conclude, this study showed that some physicochemical properties of yoghurt were changed, by altering homogenization sequence and homogenization temperature for milk.
Pathways to Service System Smartness for Firms
Authors: Henkens Bieke , Verleye Katrien , Larivière Bart , Perks Helen
Published: November 2022

As smart technology develops at an ever-increasing pace, firms are investing heavily in boosting the smartness of their service systems. To support these endeavors, practitioners and researchers call for guidance on how to account for customers’ complex needs and wants when making smartness decisions. This research adopts the firm’s perspective on investigating how and why decisions on smartness are undertaken. It examines how firms configure the smartness of service systems and communicate the intended value to customers through value propositions. Critically, it further unravels why firms make these decisions on the basis of their reasoning about aligning resources to create value for customers—that is, the firm’s value creation logic. Our analysis of multiple case studies across several industry sectors reveals a number of pathways to service system smartness. These are labeled cautious, tailored, premium, and balanced pathways, and each entails specific combinations of smartness configurations and customer value propositions, underpinned by particular logics. A more nuanced analysis shows that firms may pursue multiple pathways simultaneously when targeting different customer segments and indicates how firms’ characteristics may shape their pathways to smartness. The resulting framework can operate as a guiding tool for managers and consultants when making important smartness decisions.
Evaluating early-stage disk halo changes after small incision lenticule extraction
Authors: Zhao Wuxiao , Zhao Jing , Zhang Zhe , Han Tian , Wang Jifang , Zhou Xingtao
Published: November 2022

Purpose

To investigate early changes in the disk halo under different light conditions after myopic small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Methods

This prospective study included 70 eyes of 70 myopic patients aged 18–33 years, with a spherical equivalent (SE) of −5.87 ± 1.86 D, who underwent SMILE. The subjective refraction, higher-order aberrations (HOAs), pupillometry, and halo were measured preoperatively and postoperatively to analyse disk halo variations and correlated factors.

Results

At 5 cd/m2 and 1 cd/m2 luminance, the halo radius in the high myopia (HM) group reached a postoperative peak after 1 week ( p = 0.000 and 0.019, respectively), and recovered to baseline after 3 months. In the low-to-moderate (LM) myopia group, the halo radius did not differ 1 week postoperatively compared to the preoperative level ( p = 0.015), but significantly improved after 3 months ( p = 0.000). The halo radius correlated with SE, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), ocular HOAs, coma, and the pupillary light reflex in the LM group at all time points, but there were no correlations in the HM group.

Conclusions

Halo symptoms occurred early after SMILE, but recovered within 3 months. The recovery process was slower in the HM group than in the LM group, and the halo radius correlated with SE, UDVA, ocular HOAs, coma, and the pupillary light reflex.
The relationships between neuroglial and neuronal changes in Alzheimer’s disease, and the related controversies II: gliotherapies and multimodal therapy
Authors: Toledano-Díaz Adolfo , Álvarez M Isabel , Toledano Adolfo
Published: November 2022

Since the original description of Alzheimer´s disease (AD), research into this condition has mainly focused on assessing the alterations to neurons associated with dementia, and those to the circuits in which they are involved. In most of the studies on human brains and in many models of AD, the glial cells accompanying these neurons undergo concomitant alterations that aggravate the course of neurodegeneration. As a result, these changes to neuroglial cells are now included in all the “pathogenic cascades” described in AD. Accordingly, astrogliosis and microgliosis, the main components of neuroinflammation, have been integrated into all the pathogenic theories of this disease, as discussed in this part of the two-part monograph that follows an accompanying article on gliopathogenesis and glioprotection. This initial reflection verified the implication of alterations to the neuroglia in AD, suggesting that these cells may also represent therapeutic targets to prevent neurodegeneration. In this second part of the monograph, we will analyze the possibilities of acting on glial cells to prevent or treat the neurodegeneration that is the hallmark of AD and other pathologies. Evidence of the potential of different pharmacological, non-pharmacological, cell and gene therapies (widely treated) to prevent or treat this disease is now forthcoming, in most cases as adjuncts to other therapies. A comprehensive AD multimodal therapy is proposed in which neuronal and neuroglial pharmacological treatments are jointly considered, as well as the use of new cell and gene therapies and non-pharmacological therapies that tend to slow down the progress of dementia.
A performance degradation analysis method for a reciprocating rod seal in the wear process under mixed lubrication conditions
Authors: Wang Jiehao , Li Jing , Ma Chao
Published: November 2022

The sealing performance of a reciprocating seal degrades during service. The analyses developed based on the initial state of a seal cannot express the performance degradation due to seal wear in detail. In this research, the Archard model in dry friction is extended to mixed lubrication by introducing the lubrication coefficient verified by an experiment. The nonlinear adaptive meshing technique is used in finite element analysis (FEA) to simulate the material removal to obtain the static contact pressure during the wear process. Hence, a sealing performance degradation analysis method is proposed based on the modified Archard model for reciprocating seals under mixed lubricating conditions. This method can be used to analyse the sealing, lubrication, and wear characteristics of seals at any service time. The simulation results indicate that the static pressure becomes more uniform with the occurrence of seal wear, and the lubricating property of the oil film reduces the seal wear. The variation trends of the sealing performance parameters such as contact pressure, friction, and net leakage at different service times under specific operating conditions are obtained.