bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE DIAGNOSTIC EFFICACY OF LABORATORY RISK INDICATOR FOR NECROTIZING FASCIITIS (LRINEC) SCORING SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH SOFT TISSUE INFECTION
Authors: Vani K. , Reddy Gattupalli Bhaswanth Kumar , Jayakiran B. , Ramanaiah J. , Balaji B. , Sharmila Muntimadugu
Published: December 2020

Background
Necrotizing fasciitis which is commonly known as “Flesh-Eating Disease” is an uncommon soft-tissue infection. It is characterized by widespread fascial necrosis with relative sparing of overlying skin and underlying muscle. Mostly it is associated with severe systemic toxicity and a fulminant course. It is usually rapidly fatal unless promptly recognized and aggressively treated with appropriate antimicrobials and surgical debridement at the earliest.
Methods
Our study was a prospective study conducted on 140 patients over a period of 2 years from June 2018 to June 2020 in a tertiary care hospital, GGH, Kadapa. All patients were selected randomly and evaluated by taking proper history, thorough clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations and histopathological examination of the debrided tissue and the outcomes were analysed to know the efficacy of LRINEC Scoring in diagonising necrotizing fasciitis.
Results
Most common age group was 41-50 years. Males were commonly affected, accounting to 74% i.e., 111 patients and the remaining 39 patients were females (39%). Fever, inflammation of the involved area were the most common presentations. Majority were diabetic and hypertensive accounting to 55.3% and 52.7% respectively. All patients presented with symptoms with swelling, redness, pain and induration. Eighty-one percent had elevated CRP. Total WBC count was raised in 78.7% of the cases. Fifty-six percent of the cases had haemoglobin less than 11g/dl. Hyponatremia was observed in 81.3% of the patients. Majority (52.7%) had normal sr. creatinine i.e., < or =1.4. RBS was elevated in 54.7% of the cases. In our study 87.3% of the patients had a LRINEC score >6. Histology was positive for necrotising fasciitis in 92% of the cases, among them majority had polymicrobial organisms on culture.
Conclusion
In patients with severe soft tissue infections, LRINEC scoring based on laboratory parameters is an easy and reliable diagnostic tool to diagnose Necrotizing fasciitis accurately.
A CASE PRESENTATION: RADIOLOGICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL ROLE IN DIAGNOSIS OF BENING RENAL MASS – ONCOCYTOMA
Authors: Keerthana B. , Durgesh N. Siva , Naik B. Anji
Published: December 2020

Oncocytoma is benign renal tumor. Incidence of oncocytoma is 3%– 7% among all the kidney tumors. A 45 year old female was presented with complaints of pain in right loin since 1 year. Conclusion Renal oncocytoma is difficult diagnosis to conclude with only radiological features and pathological findings, the diagnosis can be confirmed only by chemical staining in histo pathological examination, as radiologically oncocytoma closely resembles RCC and is challenging to differentiate between the two.
SEQUENCED STRAINS OF ASPERGILLUS SPECIES
Authors: Prakash Rahul , Jha S.N.
Published: December 2020

Aspergillus is a large genus of common contaminants having more than 180 species, a fifth of which is frequently recovered from humans and other animals. The clinically important among these are Aspergillus fumigatus causing aspergillosis followed by A.flavus, A.niger, A.terreus and A.nidulans. These all species are either of clinical or industrial importance. In addition, A.nidulans has been used as an excellent genetical test-system for the in-depth study of genetical damages of various kinds ranging from point mutation to large chromosomal aberrations (Jha et al. 2009).There has been substantial investment in sequencing and initial annotation of the first filamentous fungal genomes. Genomics give new tools for fungal biology that should allow more rapid transfer of ideas, knowledge and expertise between specialist areas. The aspergilli provide a good example of what can be gained from genome sequences and highlights some of the problems. The interest in this group comes from their importance as pathogens and allergens of humans (Aspergillus fumigatus; Neosartorya fischeri), plant pathogens (Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus parasiticus), industrial organisms (Aspergillus oryzae; Aspergillus niger; Aspergillus terreus) and as a model organism (Aspergillus nidulans). Here we are trying to gather information studied by the various researchers.
EFFICACY OF USG GUIDED FASCIA ILIACA COMPARTMENT BLOCK AS POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN PROXIMAL FRACTURE FEMUR
Authors: J. Kulkarni Sanhita , S Sahasrabuddhe Saumil , S Joshi Pradnya , V Bhale Pramod , M Sasturkar Vasanti , J Loya Shilpa
Published: December 2020

Background
Fascia iliaca compartment nerve block (FICNB) has been reported to provide effective postoperative analgesia in patients with femur fracture. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of FICNB with Bupivacaine and Dexamethasone for postoperative analgesia in proximal fracture femur.
Methods
Sixty-four patients of ASA grade 1 to 3, aged 50-80 years scheduled for proximal femur fracture femur were included and randomly assigned to two groups of 32 patients each Group F received ultrasound guided(FICNB) with 0.25% 40ml of Bupivacaine & Dexamethasone 4 mg & Group T received Tramadol 50mg at the end of surgery. Postoperative pain was assessed at 30 minutes, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours using visual analogue scale (VAS). Injection Paracetamol 1gm was given intravenously as rescue analgesia in both the groups when VAS was more than four.
Results
Both the groups were comparable for demographic parameters. The mean duration of analgesia was 460.31±10.50 minutes in the FICNB group while it was only 263.72±12.85 minutes in the tramadol group, the difference being statistically significant (with a ‘p value’ of 0.001). The total consumption of paracetamol did not show a significant difference in either of the groups in the first 24 hours, the ‘p value’ being 0.406.
Conclusion
Ultrasound guided FICNB given postoperatively in patients undergoing proximal fracture femur can provide postoperative pain relief for longer duration than Inj. Tramadol.
TO DETERMINE THE ROLE OF RANOLAZINE FOR RHYTHM CONTROL STRATEGY IN PATIENTS WITH NON- VALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION- AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTER. (RANOVA STUDY)
Authors: Shukla Praveen , Sharma Awadhesh Kumar , Majumder Biswajit , Chatterjee Pritam Kumar , Krishna Vinay , Shukla Anamika
Published: December 2020

Objectives – Non- valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is the most commonly occurring arrhythmia worldwide .Ranolazine is an emerging drug with a ray of hope in the management of NVAF. This is the first large observational study with longer follow up of one year.
Methods - It is a hospital based observational prospective study. A total of 100 patients was recruited for the study .The primary objective was to determine the efficacy of ranolazine in converting NVAF to sinus rhythm & the secondary objective was to study epidemiological aspects of NVAF.
Results –After 1 month of follow up conversion to normal sinus rhythm was 12% in group A & 6% in group B (6%), it was not significant statistically (Z=1.48p=0.13). After 6 months, conversion to normal sinus rhythm was increased from 12% to 18% in group A which was preserved at 12 months of follow up and statistically significant and higher than that of group B (6.0%) (Z=2.61p=0.009). In predisposing risk factors & other co-morbidities HTN was present in 61%, obesity together with overweight in 37%, smoking in 44%, history of moderate amount of alcohol intake in 35%, history of CVA/TIA in 13%, DM in 11%, CKD in 4%, CAD in 30%, COPD in 20% and congestive heart failure in 15% of the patients.
Conclusion- Ranolazine is an effective option when used for rhythm control strategy in NVAF. HTN is the predominant predisposing risk factor.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE OF VACCINATION AMONG PARENTS IN AN INDIAN RURAL COMMUNITY
Authors: K Keerthana. , M. K. Suja
Published: December 2020

This study focuses on the knowledge, attitude and practice of vaccination among parents in an Indian rural community. The researcher was used descriptive research and survey design for the study. The universe of the research was total number of parents in malappuram district. The researcher used purposive sampling as sampling method. Sample size was 102. The researcher used semi structured survey design for collecting data. It includes; Socio- Demographic Profile of the respondents and semi structured questionnaire includes knowledge, attitude and practice of the respondents regarding vaccination .The study-findings reveals that there are vaccination campaigns and anti-vaccination campaigns are conducting in malappuram district. The parents are aware about vaccination, even though most of them are not ready to practice it.
A Novel Attack Identification Mechanism in IoT-Based Converter-Composed DC Grids
Authors: Gong Sicheng , Dragicevic Tomislav , Mijatovic Nenad , Zhang Zhe
Published: December 2020

This paper proposes a novel attack identification mechanism for internet-of-things-based (IoT-based) converter-composed DC grids, where each agent collects its own and neighbours' measurement data for output regulation to meet a preceding power-sharing consensus. Independent from model-free or average-model-based attack detection theories, this mechanism is mainly inspired by converter stitching behavior analysis. Correspondingly, when facing latent signal substitution or agent instigation attacks, through comparing estimated signals with received ones for signal source authentication, both self-sensors and neighbours will be inspected. Eventually, not only can such attacks be detected, but also will respective attack sources be identified. A simulation case of 4-agent 800V IoT-based DC grid on Simulink and a hardware case of 3-agent 90V IoT-based DC grid on dSpace testing platform were investigated. Experimental results revealed that the estimation ratio error kept lower than 3.9% and all attacks were successfully identified, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism. 
Authentication mechanism in converter-based DC network
Authors: Gong Sicheng
Published: December 2020

This paper proposes a novel event-triggered attack detection mechanism for multi-agent DC microgrid system. Under a distributive network framework, each node only collects its neighbours’ relative data to regulate its own output for inner system stabilization. Hardly can an agent identify the source of unexpected outside power ﬂow directly without power line current data, especially under an organized attack composed of voltage variation and corresponding deceptive messages. In order to recognize traitors who broadcast wrong data, aim for system distortion and even splitting, an efﬁcient attack detection and identiﬁcation strategy is mandatory. After the attack detector is triggered, each relative agent refuses to trust any received data directly before authentication. During two-step veriﬁcation by comparing theoretical estimated signals with received ones, both self sensors and neighbour nodes would be inspected, and the attacker was difﬁcult to hide himself only except Buck converters were employed globally. Through simulation on MATLAB/SIMULINK, the effectiveness of proposed detection algorithm has been proved.
Parasitic Capacitance in Copper-Foiled Medium-Voltage Filter Inductors
Authors: Zhao Hongbo , Huang Zhizhao , Dalal Dipen Narendra , Jørgensen Jannick Kjær , Jørgensen Asger Bjørn , wang xiongfei , Munk-Nielsen Stig
Published: December 2020

This paper characterizes three parasitic capacitances in copper-foiled medium-voltage inductors. It is found that the conventional modeling method overlooks the effect of the fringe field, which leads to inaccurate modeling of parasitic capacitances in copper-foiled inductors. To address this problem, the parasitic capacitances contributed by the fringe field is identified first, and a physics-based analytical modeling method for the parasitic capacitances contributed by the fringe field is proposed, which avoids using any empirical equations. The total parasitic capacitances are then derived for three different cases with three different core potentials, from which a three-terminal equivalent circuit is derived, and thus, the parasitic capacitances in copper-foiled inductors are explicitly identified. The calculated results show a close agreement with the measured capacitance by using an impedance analyzer.
Cost-Efficient Resource Allocation Method for Heterogeneous Cloud Environments
Authors: Szabo Marton , Hajay David , Szalayz Mark
Published: December 2020

In this paper we present a novel on-line NFV (Network Function Virtualization) orchestration algorithm for edge computing infrastructure providers that operate in a heterogeneous cloud environment. The goal of our algorithm is to minimize the usage of computing resources which are offered by a public cloud provider (e.g., Amazon Web Services), while fulfilling the required networking related constraints (latency, bandwidth) of the services to be deployed.We propose a reference network architecture which acts as a test environment for the evaluation of our algorithm. During the measurements, we compare our results to the optimal solution provided by an ILP-based solver.
Advanced Approximation of Channel Quality in a VLC CDM System
Authors: Szabó Gábor , Udvary Eszter
Published: December 2020

Expanding the functionality of LED indoor lighting with visible light communication (VLC) allows an additional communication channel beside wireless radio in buildings. This service may be based on various channel access methods and modulation types. Code division multiplexing (CDM) is a suitable method to such an application, but it is complicated to measure the signal quality which is essential to compare different codes and settings, and necessary for some applications like position-dependent information services. Computing crest factor is a suitable method to estimate quality, but it may be inaccurate in some cases. This paper presents novel methods to approximate the quality of received CDM signals along with the crest factor, aiding the more accurate investigation of the VLC CDM technique.
Automatic classification possibilities of the voices of children with dysphonia
Authors: Tulics Miklós Gábriel , Vicsi Klára
Published: December 2020

Dysphonia is a common complaint, almost every fourth child produces a pathological voice. A mobile based filtering system, that can be used by pre-school workers in order to recognize dysphonic voiced children in order to get professional help as soon as possible, would be desired. The goal of this research is to identify acoustic parameters that are able to distinguish healthy voices of children from those with dysphonia voices of children. In addition, the possibility of automatic classification is children. In addition, the possibility of automatic classification is examined. Two sample T-tests were used for statistical significance testing for the mean values of the acoustic parameters between healthy voices and those with dysphonia. A two-class classification was performed between the two groups using leave-one-out cross validation, with support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Formant frequencies, mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio (HNR), Soft Phonation Index (SPI) and frequency band energy ratios, based on intrinsic mode functions measured on different variations of phonemes showed statistical difference between the groups. A high classification accuracy of 93% was achieved by SVM with linear and rbf kernel using only 8 acoustic parameters. Additional data is needed to build a more general model, but this research can be a reference point in the classification of voices using continuous speech between healthy children and children with dysphonia.
Los yanomami ante su destino
Authors: Lizot Jacques
Published: December 2020

Article translated from the French to Spanish by Carlos Sánchez.
La "Piedra del Sol" y la relectura de los mitos cosmogónicos
Authors: Siarkiewicz Elżbieta
Published: December 2020

Elżbieta Siarkiewicz

Abstract/ short description:

The article describes the famous monument called "Piedra del Sol" (Aztec Calendar). It was found in 1790 during construction works in the main square of Mexico, D.F. Since then the monument has captured the attention of many scholars. Siarkiewicz revisits the symbolic meanings of the monument. She relates the symbols to famous the "Leyenda de los soles" mentioned in the colonial literature and archaeo-astronomical reconstructions of ancient Mexican calendar systems.

Short description written by Michal Gilewski
El lexico de la artesama popular y la civilización materiał tarasca y mixteca
Authors: Wojski Zygmunt
Published: December 2020

The article is a short analysis of the remaining use of Tarascan and Mixtecan vocabularies. Words from the catalogues of the Ethnographic Department of the Museo Nacional de Antropología e Historia de la Ciudad de México were tested against livingspeakers of indigenous languages.
SIMULTANEOUSLY ENHANCING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF CU-CR ALLOY PROCESSED BY ECAP AND DCT
Authors: Chu Zhu Qi , Wei Kun , Yang Li , Du Qing , Wei Wei , Alexandrov Igor , Hu Jing
Published: December 2020

Mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of Cu-0.5%Cr alloy were simultaneously enhanced by combing the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and deep cryogenic treatment (DCT). The effect of DCT on the microstructure and properties of Cu-0.5%Cr alloy prepared by ECAP was investigated. The results show that the grains were elongated and refined along the deformation shear direction, and the dislocation density increased significantly by ECAP deformation. After the subsequent DCT, the grains were further refined, and at the same time, the dislocation density was further increased. With the increase of passes of ECAP, the microhardness and tensile strength of Cu-0.5%Cr alloy increased significantly, but the elongation to failure and electrical conductivity decreased slightly. After the DCT, the microhardness, electrical conductivity, tensile strength and elongation to failure of the Cu-0.5%Cr alloy were improved. After the ECAP (four passes) and DCT (12 h), the tensile strength, elongation to failure and electrical conductivity reached 483 MPa, 17.6% and 29%IACS respectively. The improvement of tensile properties could be attributed to the increase of dislocation density and grain refinement. The electrical conductivity was improved by the DCT due to the decrease of vacancy concentration.
INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS FORMATION OF SOLDER ALLOYS ON Ni/Au SURFACE FINISH COPPER
Authors: Duong Ngoc Binh
Published: December 2020

Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formation between lead-free solder alloys (Sn-9Zn and Sn-8Zn-3Bi) and Ni/Au surface finish copper substrate were studied. Reaction between the solder and the substrate was carried out at regular soldering temperature, approx. 50 °C above the melting temperature of the solder alloys. Results indicated that Au-Zn was the IMC formed at the interface and the Au layer which is electro-plated on the substrate has completely dissolved into the solder alloys. The amount of Au available at the interface is an important factor that influent the morphology of the IMC with thicker Au layer on the substrate resulted in thicker layer of IMC at the interface. Although Bi does not taken part in the composition of IMC, it influent the formation of IMC, the IMC formed in the Sn9Zn/substrate interface was Au5Zn3, meanwhile it was g2-AuZn3 in the Sn-8Zn-3Bi/substrate interface.
INVESTIGATION OF DISTINCTIVE SOLUTIONIZING PROCESS PARAMETERS ON SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASING IN STRENGTH AND DUCTILITY OF As-CAST AZ80 Mg ALLOY
Authors: Yeoh Mui Kheng , Tan XingHe , Kwok Richard Wai Onn , Lim Teik-Cheng
Published: December 2020

A distinctive solutionizing process parameter was developed and performed to significantly enhance strength and ductility of aged AZ80 Mg alloy.  The microstructure-processing-properties relationship was studied to help elucidate the mechanism.  Microstructure and mechanical properties were studied by using optical microscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffraction, hardness and tensile testing.  The results show that the solutionization at 380°C/10h followed by 420°C/10h promoted significant dissolution of eutectic Mg17Al12 and intermetallic phases.  After standard aging at 200°C/10h, the formation of high-density precipitates Mg17Al12 with more spheroidization precipitates and lesser discontinuous precipitates morphology, which was not observed in conventional heat treatment for aged AZ80 Mg alloy.  Fine precipitates Mg17Al12 resulted in a significant increase in ultimate tensile strength (50.3%), yield strength (35%), elongation (106%) and hardness (40%) compared to conventional heat treated cast AZ80 Mg alloy.  These properties are comparable to the commonly used aerospace grade cast aluminium alloy A356.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF FISHERMEN COMMUNITY IN KERALA
Authors: Jyothy Mary Mathew  , Dr Raji Joseph
Published: December 2020

Although the contribution of Fisheries to the revenue of both State and Central Governments are commendable, the social and economic life of fishermen all over India are not satisfactory. In Kerala, the socio-economic status of the fishermen community is still not better, the result of which is that the educational, health, occupational and income status have not been good enough to achieve personal economic well-being. The microfinance industry can play a major role in bringing up the status of fishermen upto a desired level. The objective of the main study is to assess the outcome of microfinance operations for the benefit of fishermen community in Kerala. The main study mainly aims to measure the changes in the socio-economic status towards personal economic well-being of the fishermen community. As a part of the main study, here presents the study relating to the most important aspects of socio-economic status of the fishermen community in Kerala as it is and a classification according to the socio-economic status.
KEY WORDS: Fishermen, Educational Status, Health, Income, Microfinance
Historie fantomowe
Authors: Bojarska Katarzyna , Pijarski Krzysztof
Published: December 2020

Wprowadzenie do numeru 18 „Historie fantomowe”.
Poza projekcją. Historia i empatia w filmach Yervanta Gianikiana i Angeli Ricci Lucchi
Authors: Mościcki Paweł
Published: December 2020

Artykuł dotyczy twórczości filmowej Yervanta Gianikiana i Angeli Ricci Lucchi. Zaproponowana w nim perspektywa umieszcza kino archiwalne artystów w kontekście rozważań nad problem relacji między kinem a historią oraz nad możliwością skonstruowania wizualnego doświadczenia empatii w społeczeństwie spektaklu.
O niemożliwości nieuwikłania i historycznej ignorancji Michael Rothberg w rozmowie z Katarzyną Bojarską
Authors: Rothberg Michael , Bojarska Katarzyna
Published: December 2020

Rozmowa z Michaelem Rothbergiem na temat jego koncepcji pamięci wielokierunkowej, podmiotu uwikłanego, przyszłości badań nad traumą historyczną i możliwości komparatystyki historycznej oraz aktywizmu.
KINERJA UNIT PELAYANAN PUSKESMAS DI KABUPATEN SAROLANGUN TAHUN 2018; KAJIAN BERDASARKAN INDEKS KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT INDIKATOR PERMENPAN NO. 14 TAHUN 2017
Authors: Zanzeno Yudi
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAK

 

Evaluasi terhadap kinerja pelayanan publik sebagai upaya peningkatan kualitas pelayanan sangat penting untuk dilakukan, salah satunya melalui persepsi kepuasan pelanggan terhadap jasa pelayanan yang telah diterima. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur kinerja unit pelayanan kesehatan (puskesmas) di Kabupaten Sarolangun, menggunakan indikator Peraturan Menteri Pemberdayaan Aparatur Negara (Permenpan) Nomor 14 Tahun 2017 serta menentukan unsur pelayanan prioritas dalam peningkatan kinerjanya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif desain cross sectional di seluruh puskesmas se-Kabupaten Sarolangun pada tahun 2018. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien yang datang berkunjung ke puskesmas sebanyak 419 orang yang dipilih secara purposive samplingsecara proporsional untuk masing-masing puskesmas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kinerja unit pelayanan puskesmas di Kabupaten Sarolangun pada kategori Baik, dengan mutu pelayanan B dan nilai Survei Kepuasan Masyarakat (SKM) yaitu 77,49. Indikator yang harus menjadi prioritas dalam upaya peningkatan kepuasan pasien adalah sarana prasarana dan waktu penyelesaian, sedangkan indikator yang harus dipertahankan yaitu pembiayaan dan penanganan pengaduan, saran dan masukan. Disarankan untuk dapat melakukan pengukuran kebutuhan sendiri (self assessment) terkait sarana prasarana dengan mempertimbangkan ketersediaan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dan menggunakan skala prioritas pelayanan sesuai dengan tingkat urgen pemberian tindakan.
Analysis of Floristic Diversity and Quantification of Diameter Class Aboveground Biomass (AGB) and Carbon Stocks of Afromontane Vegetation of Nkoanenkole Forest Reserve (NCFR) in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Kayombo Canisius J , Lukumay Simon , Kaguo Henry John , Kessy Pamela , Kahaya Victor
Published: December 2020

Nkoanenkole Forest Reserve (NCFR) is such a potential area in floristic diversity within a relatively small area of 370.2 ha. The study was conducted in 2018 to analyze the floristic diversity and quantify the tree species aboveground biomass and carbon stocks of Nkoanenkole Catchment Forest Reserve (NCFR) in Arumeru District, Arusha-Tanzania. Systematic random sampling was applied, whereby a 24 with a 15 m radius (706.5 m2) were set at an inter plot and transect distance of 350 m. The plant species were identified by their botanical names, determined for abundance, and trees with ≥5cm DBH were measured. Shannon Wiever (H’), and Simpson indices were applied to calculate the index of diversity. Also, density and relative density were calculated. The AGB and AGC mg ha-1 were calculated using allometric models. 147 plant species were identified from the 24 sample plots, of which 54 were trees, 31 shrubs and lianas, 48 herbs, 3 sedges, 6 grass species, and 6 belonged to the ferns. The calculate H’ was 3.3316 for trees with an index of dominance of 0.053, and 2.449 for shrubs and lianas, sedges, herbs, and ferns with an index of dominance of 0.00.3135. The families of Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Fabaceae, and Asteraceae were determined to be the most dominant in terms of the number species. The identified tree seedlings were 14 with an abundance of 136, the density of 16.513±0.590, and a relative density of 20.14±0.73. Bersama abyssinica and Psychotria riparia were the most dominant tree seedlings. The DBH-class of 15±5 had the highest AGB (kg) and AGC mg ha-1, followed by 25±15, 55±45, 65±55, and the rest. NCFR is latent for its biodiversity, hence recommending further study on biological diversity, the possibility for upgrading the NCFR to the nature reserve, encourage beekeeping as potential pollinators, discourage illegal human activities through education and regular patrols.
A Scientific and Research Review of the Principles of Imām Abu Hanifa and Imām Al-Bukhārī in Receiving and Accepting Hadith
Authors: Hussain Zafar , Haris
Published: December 2020

The Islamic Ummah is united that Imam A‘zam Abu Hanifah Nu‘man ibn Thabit (R.A) is one of the four followed imams. Among those issues upon which all of the people of knowledge from both the early and latter times are agreed is that these four jurists, and their likes from among the mujtahid imams whose followers have gradually died out, only derived fiqh issues (masa’il) and Shari‘ah rulings from the book of Allah Most High and the Sunnah of His Prophet (Allah bless him and grant him peace), and that which these two sources indicate towards such as consensus (ijma‘) and legal analogy (al-qiyas al-shar‘i) etc. However, in spite of all of this, we see some people speaking ill regarding the imam of the fuqaha and mujtahids Imam Abu Hanifah Nu‘man, the great tabi‘i (R.A). They falsely and lyingly say, “Surely, he had no knowledge of the pure Sunnah and the hadiths of the Noble Prophet (Allah bless him and grant him peace) and, even if he did, then it was very little. And not only this, also they are still remain on a position like they say “There is no Mhadith, but only the Imam Bukhari (R.A), now here we try to get a factual Review of the Hadith receiving principles among Imam Abu Hanifah(r.a) and Al-Bukhari(r.a) that may getaway so many misconception regarding these two great imams.
The Narrations of Sufyānaīn in Shahīh al-Bukhārī
Authors: Khan Alam
Published: December 2020

Indubitably, Sahīh al-Bukhārī considers one of the most authentic books in the hadith literature due to the methodology of Imām al-Bukhārī (d. 256/870) in the collection of hadith because he narrated ahādīth from those narrators that credited with trustworthy from hadith scrutinizers. Sufyān al-Thawrī (d. 161/777) and Sufyān b. Uyaynah (d. 198/813) are among those narrators that graded trustworthy and reliable. Most of the al-Bukhārī teachers gained their knowledge of hadith and its sciences from both of them. Therefore, they have a massive number of ahādīth in Sahīh al-Bukhārī. It is noticed that the students of Sufyān al-Thawrī and Ibn Uyaynah usually refer to them on their names, which is helpful in the access to their narrations. However, there are a certain number of narrations in Sahāh al-Bukhārī that ascribed to Sufyān, and there is not any clue that whether these narrations belong to Sufyān al-Thawrī or Sufyān b. Uyaynah. A general conclusion grown-out of the historical position of both narrators that Sufyān al-Thawrī is the preceptor of Sufyān b. Uyaynah. Hence whenever there are two intermediaries among al-Bukhārī and Sufyān, it would be al-Thawrī, and whenever there is one narrator between al-Bukhārī and Sufyān, it would be Ibn Uyaynah. The study focused on the five hundred and seventy-eight (578) ahādīth in Sahīh al-Bukhārī that narrated through fourteen (14) narrators from Sufyān al-Thawrī or Ibn Uyaynah and those narrators referred to their source in sanad on Sufyān only. Consequently, the study analyzed the general conclusion about both narrators as well as revealed that how many ahādīth narrated through every narrator from Sufyān al-Thawrī and Ibn Uyaynah. Similarly, the Study concluded the way of differentiation between the narrations of both narrators and accumulated the ahādīth belong to Sufyān al-Thawrī, and the ahādīth belong to his student Ibn Uyaynah in Sahīh al-Bukhārī.
The Retributive Proportionality and Islamic Punishment of Diyyah
Authors: Salman Farooq
Published: December 2020

Western Penal theory of ‘Retribution’ is based upon the philosophy of proportional punishment for a crime. The research focuses on the practical application of a philosophical idea in the Islamic punishment of diyyah. The main findings are the perfect application of the element of retributive ‘proportionality’ in all diyyah laws. The proportionality proved to be the basic rule of diyyah punishment where the homicide along with the bodily harms are proportionally compensated with the principle amount of hundred camels, ten thousand silver dirhams or one thousand gold dinars keeping in view the utility or the number of body parts of that organ. The damage to entire body in the shape of death, complete damage to a sense, to an organ or its utility, is proportionally compensated with full diyyah however the organs having more than one part are compensated with the proportional amount to the number of that body part in human body which results in half diyyah for damage to one hand, leg, eye or eyebrow and quarter for each eyelid. In this way each organ, its utility or each sense is proportionally compensated with adequate and proportional diyyah amount.
First record of tetrapod footprints from the Carboniferous Mesters Vig Formation in East Greenland.
Authors: Milàn Jesper , Klein Hendrik , Voigt Sebastian , Stemmerik Lars
Published: December 2020

A single slab with Late Palaeozoic tetrapod footprints from East Greenland has been housed at the Natural History Museum of Denmark for decades without scientific notice. The specimen comes from the Mesters Vig Formation of northern Scoresby Land in East Greenland and contains a monospecific assemblage of tetrapod footprints that we assign to Limnopus Marsh 1894. As there is no significant morphological difference from other records of this ichnogenus from North America, Europe and North Africa, the described tetrapod footprints can be referred to eryopoid temnospondyl trackmakers. Limnopus is well-known from Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian continental deposits of palaeoequatorial Pangea. Identification of Limnopus tracks is in agreement with the supposed Late Carboniferous age of the Mesters Vig Formation and thereby also the first
evidence of Carboniferous tetrapods from Greenland.
Obliquorhynchia (gen. nov.): An asymmetric brachiopod from the middle Danian Faxe Formation, Denmark
Authors: Schrøder Ane Elise , Lauridsen Bodil W. , Surlyk Finn
Published: December 2020

The diverse brachiopod fauna from the middle Danian cool-water coral mounds of the Faxe Formation, Denmark, includes the new genus Obliquorhynchia that exhibits an asymmetric folding of the frontal commissure, a rare feature in brachiopods. Two of the most abundant brachiopod species found in the Faxe Formation, ‘Rhynchonella’ flustracea and ‘Rhynchonella’ faxensis, are considered conspecific and are both referred to Obliquorhynchia. In the literature, the species name flustracea has been ascribed to von Schlotheim. However, the original species name proposed by von Schlotheim in his catalogue (1832, 65, no 62) was lustraceus. This remained a nomen nudum until von Buch (1834) published a description based on the material of von Schlotheim and changed the name to flustracea. The species is thus ascribed to von Buch. A lectotype for Obliquorhynchia flustracea (von Buch 1834) is designated and illustrated here.
Innovative problem solving in macaws
Authors: O’Neill Laurie , Rasyidi Rahman , Hastings Ronan , von Bayern Auguste M. P.
Published: December 2020

Behavioural innovations with tool-like objects in non-habitually tool-using species are thought to require complex physical understanding, but the underlying cognitive processes remain poorly understood. A few parrot species are capable of innovating tool-use and borderline tool-use behaviours. We tested this capacity in two species of macaw (Ara ambiguus, n = 9;Ara glaucogularis, n = 8) to investigate if they could solve a problem-solving task through manufacture of a multi-stone construction. Specifically, after having functional experience with a pre-inserted stick tool to push a reward out of a horizontal tube, the subjects were required to insert five stones consecutively from one side to perform the same function as the stick tool with the resulting multi-component construction. OneAra glaucogularissolved the task and innovated the stone construction after the experience with the stick tool. Two more subjects (one of each species) did so after having further functional experience of a single stone pushing a reward out of a shortened tube. These subjects were able to consistently solve the task, but often made errors, for example counter-productive stone insertions from the opposing end, even in some of the successful trials. Conversely, multiple trials without errors also suggested a strong goal direction. Their performance in the follow-up tasks was inconclusive since they sometimes inserted stones into un-baited or blocked ‘dummy tubes’, but this could have been an attention-deficit behaviour as subjects had not encountered these ‘dummy tubes’ before. Overall, the successful subjects’ performance was so erratic that it proved difficult to conclude whether they had functional understanding of their multi-stone constructions.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON FISHERIES: INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ISSUES
Authors: Galstian Grigorii
Published: December 2020

The article deals with international legal issues related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fishing industry. Legal and organizational measures taken at the global, regional and national levels to reduce the negative impact of coronavirus are analyzed in detail. The text describes the key international legal acts applicable to the issue under consideration.
COMMERCIAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WHITEFISH IN THE RIVER BASIN PYASINA'S
Authors: Zadelenov V , Forina Yulia , Borozdina Anna
Published: December 2020

This publication presents the results of ichthyologic studies obtained during

the inventory of the flora and fauna of the Pyasina river and The pyasinsky

Bay of the Kara sea in 2016-2018. The organizer of the work is the Federal

state budgetary institution "United Directorate of Taimyr nature reserves".

The observed size and age characteristics of muksun, nelma, whitefish,

and chira are presented. Their demographic characteristics are shown. The

existing fishing on the Pyasina river is described.

Purpose: to show the current size, age, and demographic characteristics of the

main commercial fish species of the Pyasina river.
Faidon Moudopoulos Athanasiou, Woodland Values in Zagori, NW Greece (19th–21st Century): Between Heritage and History
Authors: Moudopoulos Athanasiou Faidon
Published: December 2020

The present article exposes a conflict regarding the management of natural and cultural values through time, using the example of woodland management in Zagori (NW Greece) from the late 19th century to the present day (2018). The central question is how a cultural landscape now interpreted as significant enough for potential World Heritage nomination (2014 tentative list), was managed through time by the Greek State in a top-down approach that led to a polarization between natural and cultural values. First, issues of commune woodland management and emic perceptions of values will be addressed, followed by an outline of state economic factors that shaped the national policies that replaced them. The local communities’ reactions during this transformation will be addressed. Finally, it is suggested that such case studies are valuable educational material for heritage professionals, since they offer insights into the processes of site valorization, revealing historical factors, economic stakes, and legislative biases, while also touching upon stakeholder issues.
Elena Belokurova, Dmitry Vorobyev, Promotion of World Heritage Values: Experiences in St. Petersburg and Other Cities of Russia
Authors: Belokurova Elena , Vorobyev Dmitry
Published: December 2020

The paper reflects the experiences of the social movements, civic initiatives and NGOs in St. Petersburg and other cities of Russia as well as in some other post-Soviet countries, aimed at the promotion and raising awareness of local populations about the World Heritage value in their cities. These efforts are needed, because the outstanding universal values of the historic centres of St. Petersburg and other cities are threatened by illegal construction, misguided urban planning, neglect and a lack of public attention; churches and cultural landscapes suffer from poor restoration, development pressure and an unregulated tourism boom. These effects are often possible because the almost most local population has no knowledge about the UNESCO World Heritage status and its implications. As a result, they are not sufficiently able to speak out for the protection of their site, and do not know how the status of world cultural heritage can help them. Moreover, the population has little understanding of both the cultural value for their own community and what it means to be a World Heritage in general, leading to an insufficient realization of the potentials in the status of world cultural heritage.
25 Years of Membership in the Council of Europe: How It All Started
Authors: Kupchyshyn Oleksandr
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The article deals with Ukraine’s admission to the Council of Europe, a great achievement of the independent Ukrainian state. As a representative of Ukraine to the Council of Europe at that time, the author of the present article coordinated the efforts of our country aimed at joining the organisation. The official membership application dated 14 July 1992 became the first formal manifestation of Ukraine’s European aspirations, presently set forth in all fundamental documents. The article goes on to provide an outline of the impediments to Ukraine’s accession, explains the specificity of the erstwhile public sentiments, and mentions the problematic aspects of the feedback of Ukrainian society to the conditions for membership in the Council of Europe. Be that as it may, on 19 October 1995, in a unanimous landmark decision, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe invited Ukraine to become the 37th member of the organisation.
Keywords: Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, Ukraine in the Council of Europe, international organisations.
RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE AND STRUGGLES OF WOMEN: AN ECOFEMINIST READING OF ANITA DESAI’S NOVELS: FIRE ON THE MOUNTAIN AND WHERE SHALL WE GO THIS SUMMER?
Authors: Parmar Anjali , Upadhyay Ami
Published: December 2020

This research article glances in a few words at the concept of ecofeminism and the
interconnectedness of woman and nature and their struggle. Earth belongs to all creatures on this planet so human has to share equally with them. All living things on earth have equal share on each and everything on this planet between them, But for the game called survival, human is destroying other things for their own benefits only. Since humanity is inseparable from nature, it is necessary to live in harmony to save the human race as well as the world from the damage and destructions which that demands the need of co existence. It is not only a movement but philosophies. Anita Desai is deeply fascinated by ecofeminism perception and through her novels she is trying to lead her readers to believe that nature and woman are resolving tools to the universal problems arising in today’s scenario. Through the close reading of Desai’s novel, I have explored the concept of ecofeminism. The present paper tries to reveal the features of ecofeminism through the portrayal of characters- Nanda Kaul and Sita in the Fire on The Mountain and Where shall We go This Summer? Respectively.
Gold and Bitcoin Price Dynamics as a Reflection of Investor Sentiment
Authors: Sheludʹko Nataliya , Vasiurenko Oleg , Lyashenko Vyacheslav , Morozova Nadiia
Published: December 2020

The modern pandemic affects all areas of human activity. In this regard, various aspects of the preservation of economic activity become fundamental. One of these issues is the choice of an investment strategy, the choice of investment instruments. To do this, we examined the mutual dynamics of gold and bitcoin prices during the pandemic. For the analysis, we use the wavelet coherence methodology. This made it possible to substantiate some strategies and the choice of investment instruments.
Pilot Study on Occupants’ Thermal Sensation at Different Ambient Temperature in Postgraduate Office with Cooling Mode in University Campus
Authors: Md Taib Noor Syazwanee , Shaikh Salim Sheikh Ahmad Zaki , Hagishima Aya , Khalid Waqas , Yakub Fitri , Kamaruddin Nurul Izzati
Published: December 2020

With rapid urbanization, massive amount of energy is required to compensate the electricity usage thus calls for a need to Malaysian government issuing standard MS1525:2014 for temperature settings in office buildings to meet energy efficiency goal. In co-sharing spaces, personal thermal comfort is often not met due to the different thermal sensation at different location inside office rooms. This study was conducted at four postgraduate office spaces with cooling mode in university campus located at Kuala Lumpur to evaluate the occupant’s thermal sensation. We used different set-point temperature of air conditioning ranging from 18.0°C to 28.6°C. The indoor thermal variables such as air temperature, globe temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity are measured at each respondent’s workspace and 200 responses were recorded from ten subjects. The mean value of thermal sensations votes is -0.4 and were within comfort range. 76% of responses voted ‘neutral’ humidity sensation as occupants have adapted to humid condition in Malaysia. The comfort operative temperature found in this study is 24.9°C which indicates that the minimum recommended temperature for energy conservation did not deprive occupants from comfort.
Melting Rate Analysis for Optimization of Fin Configuration in PCM Based Thermal Energy Storage System
Authors: Sudharsan Natteri Mangadu
Published: December 2020

The increase in the energy demands and a higher peak hour electricity tariff makes thermal comfort management of buildings more expensive and critical. Thermal comfort at an optimum cost requires management of building heat load. This leads to the use of Phase Change Materials (PCM) for thermal energy storage system (TESS). The process varies with fin length, position and numbers. The process is complicated requiring either numerical or experimental modelling. Data analysis with statistical methods to understand the melting process under various fin configurations is presented here. Result from open literature has been extracted and equations for liquid fraction are generated using polynomial regression modelling. Melting rate is traced over time to account for the rate in change of the liquid fraction. Analysis showed that, during the initial phase until about 45% liquid melt; the time taken was independent of fin location but increased linearly with fin number. Surprisingly, during the melt process, the fin at top section has a higher melting rate in the initial phase but decreases rapidly. However, this decrease is stabilized and increased by the bottom fins in the later phase when the liquid fraction is in the range of 45% to 90% that simultaneously helps in decreasing the melt time. But this stabilization is affected if the number of fins at the top is more than bottom.
TEHLİKEDEKİ / GİZLİ DİL DOMANİ SÖZCÜK LİSTESİ ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: VAROL Orhan
Published: December 2020

Roman dillerinden biri olan Domani ya da Domca, gizli dil işlevine sahiptir ve az sayıda konuşanı kaldığı için Doğu Anadolu’nun tehlikedeki dillerindendir. 2017 ve 2019 yılları arasında Van ve Ağrı-Doğubayazıt’ta yaşayan Dom konuşucularla yüz yüze görüşmeler sağlanarak tipolojik bakımdan Domaniye benzeyen Kurmanci aracı dil olarak kullanılıp elde edilen sözlü verilerle bir Domani-Türkçe sözcük listesi oluşturuldu. Kurmanci ve Türkçe etkisi altındaki Domani, az sayıdaki çekirdek sözlükçesini korurken dilin ait olduğu toplumun kültürel özelliklerini ve gizli dil kullanımına dair dilsel öğeleri içinde barındırmasıyla toplumdilbilimsel bakımdan dikkat çekmektedir. Dilsel etkileşim ve farklılaşmada dilin konuşucularının toplumsal konumlarının belirleyici olduğu, Domani söz varlığına ait birimlerin işlevsel ve kullanımsal özelliklerine bağlı olarak anlaşılmaktadır. Domani sözcükleri: köken dil Domani kaynaklı olan, çeşitli soneklerle yeniden biçimlendirilerek Domcalaştırılan ve baskın etkileşim dillerine ait olmak üzere üç farklı görünüme sahiptir. Dom toplumunun, baskın dillerin kullanıcısı olan toplumlarla aynı yaşam alanını paylaşmaları ve bu toplumlara sosyal ve ekonomik bakımdan uyum sağlama çabalarının bir sonucu olarak Domani, gizli dil olarak kullanım işlevini de yakın bir gelecekte yitirebilir.