APPLICATION OF THE DESIRED TYPE CONCEPT IN HERD OF JERSEY BREED
Authors: Kochuk-Yashchenko O. А. , Kucher D. M. 
Published: June 2020

The results of the studies highlight the usefulness of application of the concept of the desired type for herd of Jersey breed. The researches have conducted in the herd of the Jersey breed of «Dan-Milk» subsidiary of Chernyakhiv district of Zhytomyr region. Zootechnical and breeding records have been established at a high level. The implementation of various zootechnical and technological operations greatly facilitate by the introduction of the automated information system "Uniform Agri". The conditions for raising, feeding, keeping and using cows ensure the realization of their genetic potential for milk production.

Milking of cows held on the "Parallel". Keeping cows unattached to rest boxes. The rations have made according to the physiological state and the level of productivity of the animals.

The correspondence of the indices of first-calf cows of cognate groups, offspring of booger-breeders, differentiated groups by the value of the animals of the desired type was determined by the mean normalized deviation (t) in fractions of the mean square deviation (σ) according to the concept of the desired type by the method of M. Pelekhaty and L. Piddubna. The cows were characterized by 6 indicators of dairy productivity and 5 – reproductive ability of the first lactation.

Improving the economically useful traits of cows to parameters of the desired type were carried out by using various breeding techniques. The offspring of bulls Headline 114114336 (t = -0.27) and DJ Jante 302761 (t = -0.30) had the best fit for the parameters of animals of the desired type according to the studied characteristics, the worst was Karl 67037285 (t = -0.77).

As a result of researches it has been established that indices of cows of different cognate groups have characterized by less conformity to parameters of animals of the desired type, in comparison with the results of daughters of individual sires on the average value of normalized deviation. Cows of the Fallneva’s 593883 (+0.01) cognate group are closer in terms of reproducibility to animals of the desired type of cows, Surville’s 604694 (-0.06) are the least, and in the milk productivity, the Observer’s 553236 (-0.56) related group and Fallneva’s 593883 (-0.82), respectively.

With the increase in the milk yield of Jersey cows, there was a decrease in the difference between the indices of animals of different groups with corresponding parameters of animals of the desired type. With the increase in the level of milking from 10 thousand. slightly better cows (t = +0.06) have observed for the parameters of the animals of the desired type, but this result is due to the very low reproductive ability of the cows and long lactation, which makes it impossible to repair the herd in time for its own young.

In 36 cases out of the 55 cows with different levels of dairy productivity were significantly inferior to parameters of the animals of the desired type, accounting for 65.5% of the total number of comparisons. It is advisable to select animals with a milk yield of at least 9000 kg of milk, which will lead to an increase in the number of cows of the desired type in the herd.

The most usefulness methods of creating a high-performance dairy herd for «Dan-Milk» subsidiary have been identified and presented. They identified the use of Jersey sires cows and the selection of cows by milk yield (the average normalized deviation on reproduction ability were -0.07 and -0.08, on the basis of dairy productivity -0.73 and -0.72).