bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of cytotoxicity of Miltefosine and its niosomal form on chick embryo model
Authors: Seyedi Fatemeh , Sharifi Iraj , Khosravi Ahmad , Molaakbari Elaheh , Tavakkoli Hadi , Salarkia Ehsan , Bahraminejad Sina , Bamorovat Mehdi , Dabiri Shahriar , Salari Zohreh , Kamali Ali , Ren Guogang
Published: January 2024

Various drugs have been used for the treatment of leishmaniasis, but they often have adverse effects on the body's organs. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of one type of drug, Miltefosine (MIL), and its analogue or modifier, liposomal Miltefosine (NMIL), on several fetal organs using both in silico analysis and practical tests on chicken embryos. Our in silico approach involved predicting the affinities of MIL and NMIL to critical proteins involved in leishmaniasis, including Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGF-A), the Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR1), and apoptotic-regulator proteins (Bcl-2-associate). We then validated and supported these predictions through in vivo investigations, analyzing gene expression and pathological changes in angiogenesis and apoptotic mediators in MIL- and NMIL-treated chicken embryos. The results showed that NMIL had a more effective action towards VEGF-A and KDR1 in leishmaniasis, making it a better candidate for potential operative treatment during pregnancy than MIL alone. In vivo, studies also showed that chicken embryos under MIL treatment displayed less vascular mass and more degenerative and apoptotic changes than those treated with NMIL. These results suggest that NMIL could be a better treatment option for leishmaniasis during pregnancy.
Anxiety, depression, and brain overwork in the general population of Mongolia
Authors: Lkhagvasuren Battuvshin , Hiramoto Tetsuya , Bat-Erdene Enkhjin , Tumurbaatar Enkhnaran , Tumur-Ochir Gantsetseg , Amartuvshin Tsolmontuya , Dashtseren Myagmartseren , Lai Edward , Viswanath Vijay , Oka Takakazu , Jadamba Tsolmon
Published: January 2024

In Mongolia, there is limited data on the prevalence and correlates of common mental health conditions. This study addresses this data gap by exploring anxiety, depression, and brain overwork. The aim of this study was to determine normative data on these conditions in the general population of Mongolia. This nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in 48 sampling centers across Mongolia in 2020. A total of 613 participants (190 men and 423 women) with a mean age of 41.8 ± 12.4 years were recruited. The participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Brain Overwork Scale (BOS-10). Vital signs, body measurements, and lifestyle determinants were also assessed. The prevalence of anxiety was 9.9%, depression was 4.9%, and brain overwork was 18.3% among the participants. Anxiety and depression were correlated with brain overwork symptoms. Brain overwork was associated with young age, unemployment, low income, and alcohol use. These findings suggest that anxiety, depression, and brain overwork are a significant problem in the general population of Mongolia. Further research is needed to develop effective interventions to reduce the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety, depression, and brain overwork.
Aptamer selection against cell extracts containing the zoonotic obligate intracellular bacterium, Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Authors: Le Dortz Lisa Lucie , Rouxel Clotilde , Leroy Quentin , Ducongé Frédéric , Boulouis Henri-Jean , Haddad Nadia , Deshuillers Pierre Lucien , Lagrée Anne-Claire
Published: January 2024

A. phagocytophilumis a zoonotic and tick-borne bacterium, threatening human and animal health. Many questions persist concerning the variability of strains and the mechanisms governing the interactions with its different hosts. These gaps can be explained by the difficulty to cultivate and studyA. phagocytophilumbecause of its strict intracellular location and the lack of specific tools, in particular monoclonal antibodies, currently unavailable. The objective of our study was to develop DNA aptamers againstA. phagocytophilum,or molecules expressed during the infection, as new study and/or capture tools. Selecting aptamers was a major challenge due to the strict intracellular location of the bacterium. To meet this challenge, we set up a customized selection protocol against an enriched suspension ofA. phagocytophilumNY18 strain, cultivated in HL-60 cells. The implementation of SELEX allowed the selection of three aptamers, characterized by a high affinity for HL-60 cells infected withA. phagocytophilumNY18 strain. Interestingly, the targets of these three aptamers are most likely proteins expressed at different times of infection. The selected aptamers could contribute to increase our understanding of the interactions betweenA. phagocytophilumand its hosts, as well as permit the development of new diagnostic, therapeutic or drug delivery appliances.
Subsurface geology detection from application of the gravity-related dimensionality constraint
Authors: Karimi Kurosh , Kletetschka Gunther
Published: January 2024

Geophysics aims to locate bodies with varying density. We discovered an innovative approach for estimation of the location, in particular depth of a causative body, based on its relative horizontal dimensions, using a dimensionality indicator (I). The method divides the causative bodies into two types based on their horizontal spread: line of poles and point pole (LOP–PP) category, and line of poles and plane of poles (LOP–POP) category; such division allows for two distinct solutions. The method’s depth estimate relates to the relative variations of the causative body’s horizontal extent and leads to the solutions of the Euler Deconvolution method in specific cases. For causative bodies with limited and small depth extent, the estimated depth (z^0) corresponds to the center of mass, while for those with a large depth extent, z^0 relates to the center of top surface. Both the depth extent and the dimensionality of the causative body influence the depth estimates. As the depth extent increases, the influence of I on the estimated depth is more pronounced. Furthermore, the behavior of z^0 exhibits lower errors for larger values of I in LOP–POP solutions compared with LOP–PP solutions. We tested several specific model scenarios, including isolated and interfering sources with and without artificial noise. We also tested our approach on real lunar data containing two substantial linear structures and their surrounding impact basins and compared our results with the Euler deconvolution method. The lunar results align well with geology, supporting the effectiveness of this approach. The only assumption in this method is that we should choose between whether the gravity signal originates from a body within the LOP–PP category or the LOP–POP category. The depth estimation requires just one data point. Moreover, the method excels in accurately estimating the depth of anomalous causative bodies across a broad spectrum of dimensionality, from 2 to 3D. Furthermore, this approach is mathematically straightforward and reliable. As a result, it provides an efficient means of depth estimation for anomalous bodies, delivering insights into subsurface structures applicable in both planetary and engineering domains.
Environmental exposure to lead and cadmium are associated with triglyceride glucose index
Authors: Jin Taiyue , Park Eun Young , Kim Byungmi , Oh Jin-Kyoung
Published: January 2024

The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index was suggested as a novel reliable surrogate marker for insulin resistance and related cardiovascular-metabolic diseases. We aimed to evaluate the association between the TyG index and environmental exposure to lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd). A total of 9645 adults who enrolled in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2005, 2008–2013, and 2016 were included. Fasting plasma glucose and triglyceride levels were used to calculate the TyG index. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We noted an increasing trend in the TyG index with increment of blood Pb and Cd concentrations. Participants in the highest quartile of blood Pb and Cd concentrations had higher TyG index values than those in the lowest quartile, with ORs (95% CIs) of 1.32 (1.07–1.63) and 1.29 (1.04–1.59) for Pb and Cd, respectively. Strong associations between blood Pb and Cd concentrations and the TyG index were found in men. Blood Hg concentrations did not show a significant association with the TyG index. Our study suggests that public health strategies for cardiovascular-metabolic disorder prevention should be directed toward individuals exposed to priority heavy metals.
Fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling with inverted flap technique versus standard internal limiting membrane peeling for symptomatic myopic foveoschisis
Authors: Polito Antonio , Garruto Giulio , Maggio Emilia , Mete Maurizio , Guerriero Massimo , Pertile Grazia
Published: January 2024

To study the long-term outcomes of standard ILM peeling and fovea sparing with inverted flap (FSIF) peeling for symptomatic myopic foveoschisis (MF). This retrospective observational study included 36 eyes of 34 consecutive patients who underwent vitrectomy with standard ILM peeling and FSIF peeling for MF between April 2012 and march 2020. The primary outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT) at 1 month and final visit and postoperative development of macular hole. There were 14 eyes in the standard ILM peeling group and 22 eyes and in the FSIF peeling groups with a mean FU of 34.2 months (SD 23.3; min. 12–max. 96) and 27.7 months (SD 14.9; min. 12–max. 63), respectively. In both groups BCVA was not significantly improved at 1 month but improved at last visit from 0.55 ± 0.21 to 0.37 ± 0.29 in the standard ILM peeling group (P = 0.0154) and from 0.57 ± 0.27 to 0.28 ± 0.23 in the FSIF peeling group (P < 0.0001). At 1 month and final visit CMT decreased from 572 ± 183.5 µm to 277.5 ± 95.2 µm and to 250.4 ± 96.1 µm, respectively, in the standard ILM peeling group and from 589.9 ± 189.8 µm to 383 ± 110.1 µm and 162.3 ± 74.8 µm in the FSIF peeling group (P < 0.001 for both groups at both time-points). The preoperative and postoperative BCVA and CMT showed no significant differences between groups. Three of the eyes in the standard ILM peeling group developed postoperative macular hole at 1, 10, 24 months, respectively, and none of the eyes in the FSIF peeling group. Multivariate analysis revealed that a better BCVA was the only independent factor correlated with the final BCVA. In this study, standard ILM peeling and FSIF peeling were both beneficial in improving the anatomy and function of eyes with MF. Postoperative MH may occur up to 2 years after standard peeling and seem effectively prevented by FSIF peeling.
Oral administration of ellagic acid mitigates perioperative neurocognitive disorders, hippocampal oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in aged mice by restoring IGF-1 signaling
Authors: Chen Fang , Lu Kai , Bai Ning , Hao Yabo , Wang Hui , Zhao Xinrong , Yue Fang
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the potential of ellagic acid (EA), a phytochemical with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, in managing perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). PND, which represents a spectrum of cognitive impairments often faced by elderly patients, is principally linked to surgical and anesthesia procedures, and heavily impacted by oxidative stress in the hippocampus and microglia-induced neuroinflammation. Employing an aged mice model subjected to abdominal surgery, we delve into EA's ability to counteract postoperative oxidative stress and cerebral inflammation by engaging the Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) pathway. Our findings revealed that administering EA orally notably alleviated post-surgical cognitive decline in older mice, a fact that was manifested in improved performance during maze tests. This enhancement in the behavioral performance of the EA-treated mice corresponded with the rejuvenation of IGF-1 signaling, a decrease in oxidative stress markers in the hippocampus (like MDA and carbonylated protein), and an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and CAT. Alongside these, we observed a decrease in microglia-driven neuroinflammation in the hippocampus, thus underscoring the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles of EA. Interestingly, when EA was given in conjunction with an IGF1R inhibitor, these benefits were annulled, accentuating the pivotal role that the IGF-1 pathway plays in the neuroprotective potential of EA. Hence, EA could serve as a potent candidate for safeguarding against PND in older patients by curbing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation through the activation of the IGF-1 pathway.
The crystal structure of SUN1-KASH6 reveals an asymmetric LINC complex architecture compatible with nuclear membrane insertion
Authors: Gurusaran Manickam , Erlandsen Benedikte S. , Davies Owen R.
Published: January 2024

The LINC complex transmits cytoskeletal forces into the nucleus to control the structure and movement of nuclear contents. It is formed of nuclear SUN and cytoplasmic KASH proteins, which interact within the nuclear lumen, immediately below the outer nuclear membrane. However, the symmetrical location of KASH molecules within SUN-KASH complexes in previous crystal structures has been difficult to reconcile with the steric requirements for insertion of their immediately upstream transmembrane helices into the outer nuclear membrane. Here, we report the crystal structure of the SUN-KASH complex between SUN1 and JAW1/LRMP (KASH6) in an asymmetric 9:6 configuration. This intertwined assembly involves two distinct KASH conformations such that all six KASH molecules emerge on the same molecular surface. Hence, they are ideally positioned for insertion of upstream sequences into the outer nuclear membrane. Thus, we report a SUN-KASH complex architecture that appears to be directly compatible with its biological role.
Machine learning identifies key metabolic reactions in bacterial growth on different carbon sources
Authors: Woo Hyunjae , Kim Youngshin , Kim Dohyeon , Yoon Sung Ho
Published: January 2024

Carbon source-dependent control of bacterial growth is fundamental to bacterial physiology and survival. However, pinpointing the metabolic steps important for cell growth is challenging due to the complexity of cellular networks. Here, the elastic net model and multilayer perception model that integrated genome-wide gene-deletion data and simulated flux distributions were constructed to identify metabolic reactions beneficial or detrimental to Escherichia coli grown on 30 different carbon sources. Both models outperformed traditional in silico methods by identifying not just essential reactions but also nonessential ones that promote growth. They successfully predicted metabolic reactions beneficial to cell growth, with high convergence between the models. The models revealed that biosynthetic pathways generally promote growth across various carbon sources, whereas the impact of energy-generating pathways varies with the carbon source. Intriguing predictions were experimentally validated for findings beyond experimental training data and the impact of various carbon sources on the glyoxylate shunt, pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction, and redundant purine biosynthesis reactions. These highlight the practical significance and predictive power of the models for understanding and engineering microbial metabolism.
Microfluidic paper-based analytical device with a preconcentration system for the measurement of anionic surfactants using an optode detector
Authors: Zhu Shengji , Masadome Takashi
Published: January 2024

A low-cost, simple, and sensitive on-site measurement system for anionic surfactants using a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) with an optode has been developed. The μPAD incorporates a sample solution preconcentration system using filter paper modified with chitosan.
Realizing the label-free sensitive detection of carcinoembryogenic antigen (CEA) in blood serum via a MNC-decorated flexible immunosensor
Authors: Mehta Daisy , Kaur Sukhjot , Nagaiah Tharamani C.
Published: January 2024

Development of label-free electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of carcinoembryogenic antigen with a wide detection range of 500 fM to 50 nM.
CO2 chemisorption and activation on carbon nitride with less amino groups boost CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Zeng Debin , Wang Xiting , Kuai Chunguang , Jiang Zhuo , Guo Yuzheng
Published: January 2024

Removing the –NH2 group from CN increased electron density at the catalytic sites, enhancing chemisorption and activation of CO2. This electron enrichment facilitates an improved CO2 reduction process.
Recent progress in molecular transition metal catalysts for hydrogen production from methanol and formaldehyde
Authors: Parthiban Jayashree , Awasthi Mahendra K. , Kharde Tushar A. , Kalita Khanindra , Singh Sanjay Kumar
Published: January 2024

This review highlights the recent progress in hydrogen production from methanol and formaldehyde over a wide range of molecular transition metal catalysts, with primary focus on the structure–activity relationship in the dehydrogenation pathway.
Layered CoS@NC in situ loaded onto Ti3C2Tx MXene as an efficient lithium-ion battery anode
Authors: Zhang Lei , Tan Hankun , Zhu Haoxian , Yang Kun , Li Wei , Sun Li
Published: January 2024

Layered CoS@NC/MXene is prepared as an anode for lithium ion batteries with ZIF-67 derived CoS from aqueous solution in situ anchored onto MXene.
Porous oligomeric materials synthesised using a new, highly active precatalyst based on ruthenium(iii) and 2-phenylpyridine
Authors: Pobłocki Kacper , Jarzembska Katarzyna N. , Kamiński Radosław , Drzeżdżon Joanna , Deresz Krystyna A. , Schaniel Dominik , Gołąbiewska Anna , Gawdzik Barbara , Rybiński Przemysław , Jacewicz Dagmara
Published: January 2024

A new coordination compound based on ruthenium(iii) cation and 2-phenylpyridine was used as a highly active precatalyst in the oligomerisation of ethylene and polar monomers.
Luminescent lanthanide complexes based on 4,5-di(3,5-dicarboxylphenoxy)phthalic acid as enhanced fluorescence probes for highly selective detection of lead(ii) ions in water
Authors: Wei Wenwen , Wang Ai , Lu Liping , Yuan Caixia , Feng Sisi , Englert Ulli , Ma Shengqian
Published: January 2024

Eu(iii) and Tb(iii) complexes with specific fluorescence-enhanced detection performance for Pb2+ ions. The Eu(iii) complex exhibits the lowest detection limit for Pb2+ ions among the systems described.
Modulating the electronic structure of Ni(OH)2 by coupling with low-content Pt for boosting the urea oxidation reaction enables significantly promoted energy-saving hydrogen production
Authors: Zhong Mengxiao , Xu Meijiao , Ren Siyu , Li Weimo , Wang Ce , Gao Mingbin , Lu Xiaofeng
Published: January 2024

A urea-assisted water splitting electrolyzer based on Pt nanoparticle-anchored Ni(OH)2@Ni-CNF catalyst and Pt@Ni-CNF catalyst is constructed for effectively reducing the energy consumption of H2 production.
Sustainable synthesis: natural processes shaping the nanocircular economy
Authors: Khosravi Arezoo , Zarepour Atefeh , Iravani Siavash , Varma Rajender S. , Zarrabi Ali
Published: January 2024

This perspective aims to shed light on the transformative potential of sustainable synthesis in guiding the transition towards circular economy conceptions in the nanotechnology domain.
Dual-phase Yb-doped La2Ce2O7 materials for fuel flexible SOFCs
Authors: Choudhary Bishnu , Anwar Shahid
Published: January 2024

Demonstrating the dual phase Yb-doped La2Ce2O7 materials for fuel flexible SOFCs. Yb doped LCO in anode is found to be catalytic active in methane fuel.
DFT-aided experimental investigation on the electrochemical performance of hetero-interface-functionalized CuO nanoparticle-decorated MoS2 nanoflowers for energy storage applications
Authors: Islam Muhammad Rakibul , Farzana Nahid , Akhond Md. Rajbanul , Rahaman Mizanur , Islam Md Jahidul , Syed Ishtiaque M.
Published: January 2024

Experimental investigation on the electrochemical performance of CuO-incorporated MoS2 nanoflowers was performed.
Morphology-controlled synthesis of a NiCo-carbonate layered double hydroxide as an electrode material for solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Kumar Sudhir , Satpathy Biraj Kanta , Pradhan Debabrata
Published: January 2024

NiCo-carbonate layered double hydroxides of diverse morphologies, such as nanorod, microcube, microplate and urchin-like, are synthesized by a single-step synthesis and their electrochemical energy storage performance is evaluated.
Molecular editing of NSC-666719 enabling discovery of benzodithiazinedioxide-guanidines as anticancer agents
Authors: Krishna Rao Vajja , Paul Subarno , Gulkis Mitchell , Shen Zhihang , Nair Haritha , Singh Amandeep , Li Chenglong , Sharma Arun K. , Çağlayan Melike , Das Chinmay , Das Biswajit , Kundu Chanakya N. , Narayan Satya , Guchhait Sankar K.
Published: January 2024

In this study, a unique strategy of scaffold-hopping-based molecular editing of a bioactive agent NSC-666719 was investigated, which led to the development of new benzodithiazinedioxide-guanidine based anticancer agents with Polβ inhibition.
Photochemical engineering unsaturated Pt islands on supported Pd nanocrystals for a robust pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Liu Yidan , Yodsin Nuttapon , Li Ting , Wu Haocheng , Jia Rongrong , Shi Liyi , Lai Zhuangchai , Namuangruk Supawadee , Huang Lei
Published: January 2024

Novel core–shell Pd7@Ptx heterostructured nanocrystals with Pt-islands shell of unsaturated coordination edges could be directly photodeposited on a reduced graphene oxide support as a highly efficient HER electrocatalyst in a wide pH range.
Composition-tunable transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets via a scalable, solution-processable method
Authors: Wells Rebekah A. , Diercks Nicolas J. , Boureau Victor , Wang Zhenyu , Zhao Yanfei , Nussbaum Simon , Esteve Marc , Caretti Marina , Johnson Hannah , Kis Andras , Sivula Kevin
Published: January 2024

Alloying is a powerful tool for fine tuning the optoelectronic properties of 2D TMDs. We present a general, solution-processable route for the scalable production of large quantities of alloyed 2D TMD nanosheets from commercially available powders.
Stimuli-responsive nanoparticle self-assembly at complex fluid interfaces: a new insight into dynamic surface chemistry
Authors: Heo Jieun , Seo Seunghwan , Yun Hongseok , Ku Kang Hee
Published: January 2024

Current advances in designing stimuli-responsive core/shell nanoparticle assemblies focus on reversible nanoparticle surface chemistry and experimental methods for air/liquid, liquid/liquid, and polymer interfaces.
Base controlled rongalite-mediated reductive aldol/cyclization and dimerization of isatylidene malononitriles/cyanoacetates
Authors: Chaudhari Suryakant S. , Nichinde Chandrakant B. , Patil Baliram R. , Girase Amardipsing S. , Rama Krishna Gamidi , Kinage Anil K.
Published: January 2024

A novel methodology was developed for the synthesis of spiro[2,3-dihydrofuran-3,3′-oxindole] and dispiro[cyclopent-3′-ene]bisoxindole under mild reaction conditions using inexpensive reagents.
Catalyst-free anti-Markovnikov hydroamination and hydrothiolation of vinyl heteroarenes in aqueous medium: an improved process towards centhaquine
Authors: Yadav Anamika , Ambule Mayur D. , Srivastava Ajay Kumar
Published: January 2024

Catalyst-free hydroamination and hydrothiolation of vinyl heteroarenes/electron deficient alkenes have been achieved in an aqueous medium.
Synthetic strategies for the construction of C3–N1′ bisindoles
Authors: Abe Takumi
Published: January 2024

Natural products having a C3–N1′ bisindole framework are unique structures with potential axial chirality. This minireview summarizes the recent progress of the methodology for constructing C3–N1′ bisindoles along with the possible mechanism.
Straightforward access to α-carbonyloxy esters and β-keto thioethers from aryldiazoacetates
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Gola Ajay Kant , Pandey Satyendra Kumar
Published: January 2024

A straightforward, metal- and additive-free approach for the synthesis of α-carbonyloxy esters and β-keto thioethers from readily available aryldiazoacetates with carboxylic acids and thiol derivatives, respectively, has been described.
From (NH4)3[Zr(PO4)2F] to (NH4)3[Sn2(PO4)2]Cl: the rational design of a tin-based short-wave ultraviolet phosphate with large optical anisotropy
Authors: Fang Zhi , Ma Wen-Hua , Chen Qiu-Yu , Zhu Xin-Ting , Zeng Xin-Mei , Li Pei-Bei , Zhou Qian-Fen , Song Ting-Ting , Duan Mei-Hong
Published: January 2024

(NH4)3[Sn2(PO4)2]Cl: the rational design of a tin-based phosphate with the coexistence of large optical anisotropy and short-wave ultraviolet transparency.
Koilodenoids A–G, immunosuppressive spiro dimers of diterpenoids from Koilodepas hainanense: structural elucidation and biomimetic transformation
Authors: Ren Yu , Zheng Cheng-Yu , Yao Jia-Ying , He Shi-Jun , Fan Yao-Yue , Yue Jian-Min
Published: January 2024

Seven new and immunosuppressive dimeric diterpenoids were elucidated. Compound 1 possesses a new carbon skeleton. The biomimetic transformation of 2 into 1 was achieved under mild, as well as peroxide- and metal-free conditions.
Insights into the potential applications of permanganate/peroxymonosulfate systems: enhancement via amorphous MnO2, effects of water matrices, and optimization using response surface methodology
Authors: Yang Xin , Sun Xiaoshuang , Yu Jiang , Huang Zhi , Yu Jie , Deng Siwei , Jiang Yinying , Zhu Weiwei
Published: January 2024

In this study, we developed a novel self-catalytic oxidation system involving peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and permanganate (KMnO4), named as CUPP, to efficiently mineralize sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in groundwater.
Poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide)-endowed spontaneous emulsification during the breath figure process and the formation of membranes with hierarchical pores
Authors: Zhou Di , Fu Ping , Lin Wan-Ting , Li Wan-Long , Xu Zhi-Kang , Wan Ling-Shu
Published: January 2024

The breath figure process based on a spontaneous emulsification system composed of PDEAM/CS2 and water generates hierarchical pores templated by micron-sized condensed droplets and submicron-sized emulsified droplets.
The mechanism and challenges of cobalt-boron-based catalysts in the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride
Authors: Long Bo , Chen Jia , Sharshir Swellam W , Ibrahim Lawa , Zhou Weiming , Wang Chong , Wang Liwei , Yuan Zhanhui
Published: January 2024

Among boron compounds, NaBH4 has emerged as a prominent candidate for hydrogen energy sources owing to its environmentally friendly characteristics and a high hydrogen content of up to 10.6 wt%.
A flame retardant poly vinyl alcohol/graphene oxide/phytic acid composite for a quick response and ultra-long fire alarm
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Zhou Zhenzhu , Huang Junchao , Wang Yuhua
Published: January 2024

Using sustainable bio-derivatives to fabricate mechanically robust, flame retardant composites with an ultra-sensitive and continuous fire warning capability remains an attractive theme in the fire prevention field.
Strengthened H2O adsorption and photogenerated carrier separation: surface C-coupled hydroxylation of g-C3N4 photocatalysts for efficient H2 production
Authors: Hu Jun , Wu Lixu , Liu Hongyin , Sun Chun , Hussain Syed Aamir , Jiao Fei-peng , Liu Yaochi
Published: January 2024

C-coupled hydroxylated g-C3N4 was fabricated via a facile method for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Insight into the rapid degradation of antibiotic rifampicin by W-doped O-bridged g-C3N4via the coupling effect of electron replenishment in the dark degradation stage and electrophilic attack in the photocatalytic stage: experiments and DFT simulation calculations
Authors: Li Panpan , Luan Jingde , Jiang Longde , Zhang Yu , Liu Wengang , Yan Zheng , Ke Xin
Published: January 2024

High pressure wet ball milling and thermal polycondensation are used to prepare W-doped O-bridge carbon nitride (WOCN) for the rapid catalytic degradation of antibiotic rifampicin (RIF).
A disulfide molecule–vancomycin nanodrug delivery system efficiently eradicates intracellular bacteria
Authors: Luo Yuting , Su Liu , Yang Hui , Geng Aizhen , Bai Shumeng , Zhou Jie
Published: January 2024

A thiol-mediated nanodrug delivery system was developed to improve the cell membrane penetration efficiency and intracellular antibacterial activities of antibiotics.
Preparation of cellular membrane-mimicking glycopolymer interfaces by a solvent-assisted method on QCM-D sensor chips and their molecular recognition
Authors: Nagao Masanori , Masuda Tsukuru , Takai Madoka , Miura Yoshiko
Published: January 2024

Glycopolymer membranes were prepared on QCM-D sensor chips by the solvent-assisted method. The membrane containing the glycopolymer with a random arrangement of carbohydrate units adsorbed more target protein.
PVA/KGM dual network hydrogels doped with carbon nanotube-collagen corona as flexible sensors for human motion monitoring
Authors: Cao Xingzhong , He Tingxiang , Sui Jinqi , Yan Yihan , Liu Xiang , Liu Leipeng , Lv Shenghua
Published: January 2024

PVA/KGM dual-network hydrogel doped with carbon nanotube-collagen corona has excellent temperature adaptability as a flexible strain sensor for stable monitoring of human motion.
Structural evolution of a high-temperature piezoelectric Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–PbTiO3 ceramic under an in situ electric field
Authors: Wang Na , Zhang Yueyun , Luo Huajie , Sun Shengdong , Liu Hui , Chen Jun
Published: January 2024

The PIN–0.36PT relaxor ferroelectric at the MPB exhibits reversible phase transformation and relatively flexible M structure, which enable large lattice strain and domain switching, and are responsible for the enhanced piezoelectric properties.
A two-in-one probe: imaging lipid droplets and endoplasmic reticulum in tandem
Authors: Mansuri Shabnam , Mahalingavelar Paramasivam , Soppina Virupakshi , Kanvah Sriram
Published: January 2024

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lipid droplets (LDs) intricately interact in cellular processes, with the ER serving as a hub for lipid synthesis and LDs acting as storage organelles for lipids.
Leveraging Communication Partner Speech to Automate Augmented Input for Children on the Autism Spectrum Who Are Minimally Verbal: Prototype Development and Preliminary Efficacy Investigation
Authors: Holyfield Christine , MacNeil Stephen , Caldwell Nicolette , O'Neill Zimmerman Tara , Lorah Elizabeth , Dragut Eduard , Vucetic Slobodan
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) technology innovation is urgently needed to improve outcomes for children on the autism spectrum who are minimally verbal. One potential technology innovation is applying artificial intelligence (AI) to automate strategies such as augmented input to increase language learning opportunities while mitigating communication partner time and learning barriers. Innovation in AAC research and design methodology is also needed to empirically explore this and other applications of AI to AAC. The purpose of this report was to describe (a) the development of an AAC prototype using a design methodology new to AAC research and (b) a preliminary investigation of the efficacy of this potential new AAC capability.

Method:

The prototype was developed using a Wizard-of-Oz prototyping approach that allows for initial exploration of a new technology capability without the time and effort required for full-scale development. The preliminary investigation with three children on the autism spectrum who were minimally verbal used an adapted alternating treatment design to compare the effects of a Wizard-of-Oz prototype that provided automated augmented input (i.e., pairing color photos with speech) to a standard topic display (i.e., a grid display with line drawings) on visual attention, linguistic participation, and (for one participant) word learning during a circle activity.

Results:

Preliminary investigation results were variable, but overall participants increased visual attention and linguistic participation when using the prototype.

Conclusions:

Wizard-of-Oz prototyping could be a valuable approach to spur much needed innovation in AAC. Further research into efficacy, reliability, validity, and attitudes is required to more comprehensively evaluate the use of AI to automate augmented input in AAC.
Leveraging the page buffer data cache for enhanced programmability in NAND flash memories with on‐chip microcontrollers
Authors: Kim Geonu
Published: January 2024

This paper proposes a simple yet effective scheme for NAND Flash memories that employ on‐chip microcontroller units (MCUs) to manage internal array operations. Through minimal hardware overhead, the proposed scheme enables—without mask revision— executing new or updated array operations by leveraging the page buffer data cache instead of the hard‐wired on‐chip read‐only memory (ROM) for MCU instruction memory. While not applicable to ordinary user operations, this approach presents significant advantages across various stages of NAND flash memory development and implementation.
Electromagnetic performance analysis of a new high‐speed hybrid excitation synchronous machine
Authors: Su Wu , Lin Nan , Zhang Xianbiao , Wang Dong
Published: January 2024

To facilitate the regulation of the air‐gap magnetic field of permanent magnet synchronous machines, a novel topology of a high‐speed hybrid excitation synchronous machine (HESM) was presented. The electromagnetic performance of the proposed HESM was evaluated. The air‐gap magnetic field regulation principle was introduced first. Then, a mathematical model of the HESM was established. Based on the characteristics of a 3D magnetic circuit, the HESM equalled three types of 2D magnetic circuit machines in axial parallel superposition, and thus the expressions of inductance parameters were deduced. Subsequently, the voltage regulation performance of the HESM was assessed according to the mathematical model and inductance parameters. The loss and efficiency were calculated. Finally, a HESM prototype was tested and verified.
Optimal placement of distribution network‐connected microgrids on multi‐objective energy management with uncertainty using the modified Harris Hawk optimization algorithm
Authors: Poshtyafteh Marzieh , Barati Hassan , Falehi Ali Darvish
Published: January 2024

Considering the importance of the renewable energy sector in the distribution systems, energy operation, and management which are connected to the distribution network (DN) in the form of multiple microgrids (MMGs) is crucial in reducing cost and pollution. Hence, this paper aims to propose optimal energy management for MMGs in the DN. Different objective functions have been taken into account in this optimization, including network cost, pollution reduction, and distribution network power losses. To design the multi‐objective optimization problem, a fuzzy method has been adopted for simultaneous multi‐objective calculations. Furthermore, the effect of the placement of distributed generations (DGs) and microgrids (MGs) is considered to reduce the distribution network power losses. Information gap decision theory (IGDT) has formulated uncertainties about renewable sources and consumers. To solve this optimization problem, a new method of the modified Harris Hawk optimization (MHHO) algorithm has been implemented, compared with the original HHO and genetic algorithm (GA). Finally, the proposed method has been analysed under the IEEE 33‐bus distribution network for a 24‐hour time horizon, including three MGs considering different renewable energy sources (RESs). The simulation results have demonstrated the high performance of the allocated network with the MHHO algorithm compared to the other scenarios.
Experimental demonstration of an indoor visible light positioning system using RGB LEDs for multi‐cell networks
Authors: Martinez‐Ciro R. A. , Lopez‐Giraldo F. E. , Luna‐Rivera J. M. , Ramirez‐Aguilera A. M.
Published: January 2024

A visible light positioning (VLP) system for multi‐cell networks based on multi‐colour LED that combines frequency division multiplexing with the received signal strength and a trilateration method is proposed. First, it employs experimental measurements to model the designed visible light communication (VLC) system under the characteristics of the target scenario. Second, it introduces a low‐cost VLC transmitter that exploits the chromatic space to transmit the VLP information. Third, it characterizes the VLC transmitter and proposes a linearization for electro‐optical responses of RGB LED. An RGB digital colour sensor and simple method calibrate the chromatic emission. The experimental results show that the proposed VLP multi‐cell architecture achieves a positioning accuracy lower than .
A new method for instrumental profile reconstruction of high-resolution spectrographs
Authors: Milaković D. , Jethwa P.
Published: January 2024

Context. Knowledge of the spectrograph’s instrumental profile (IP) provides important information needed for wavelength calibration and for the use in scientific analyses.

Aims. This work develops new methods for IP reconstruction in high-resolution spectrographs equipped with astronomical laser frequency comb (astrocomb) calibration systems and assesses the impact that assumptions on the IP shape have on achieving accurate spectroscopic measurements.

Methods. Astrocombs produce ≈ 10 000 bright, unresolved emission lines with known wavelengths, making them excellent probes of the IP. New methods based on Gaussian process regression were developed to extract detailed information on the IP shape from these data. Applying them to HARPS, an extremely stable spectrograph installed on the ESO 3.6m telescope, we reconstructed its IP at 512 locations of the detector, covering 60% of the total detector area.

Results. We found that the HARPS IP is asymmetric and that it varies smoothly across the detector. Empirical IP models provide a wavelength accuracy better than 10m s−1 (5m s−1) with a 92% (64%) probability. In comparison, reaching the same accuracy has a probability of only 29% (8%) when a Gaussian IP shape is assumed. Furthermore, the Gaussian assumption is associated with intra-order and inter-order distortions in the HARPS wavelength scale as large as 60 m s−1. The spatial distribution of these distortions suggests they may be related to spectrograph optics and therefore may generally appear in cross-dispersed echelle spectrographs when Gaussian IPs are used. Empirical IP models are provided as supplementary material in machine readable format. We also provide a method to correct the distortions in astrocomb calibrations made under the Gaussian IP assumption.

Conclusions. Methods presented here can be applied to other instruments equipped with astrocombs, such as ESPRESSO, but also ANDES and G-CLEF in the future. The empirical IPs are crucial for obtaining objective and unbiased measurements of fundamental constants from high-resolution spectra, as well as measurements of the redshift drift, isotopic abundances, and other science cases.
Mechanical strength distribution in Geminid meteoroids derived via fireball modeling
Authors: Henych Tomáš , Borovička Jiří , Vojáček Vlastimil , Spurný Pavel
Published: January 2024

Context. Geminids are the most active annual meteor shower observed on Earth. Their parent is an active asteroid, (3200) Phaethon, which is a target of the planned DESTINY+ mission of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The exact physical nature of (3200) Phaethon and Geminids is still debated.

Aims. This paper is devoted to fragmentation modeling of bright Geminid fireballs, which should reveal information about the structure of centimeter-sized Geminid meteoroids. These fireballs were observed by the European Fireball Network (EN) over the past few years. We aim to describe their disintegration cascade in the atmosphere and their mechanical properties, and to derive their precise initial masses and velocities.

Methods. We used a semi-empirical fragmentation model that employs an automatic procedure based on parallel genetic algorithms to determine the aerodynamic pressures at which a meteoroid and its parts fragment. This serves as a proxy for the mechanical strength of the body and its subsequent fragments. It enabled us to derive the minimum, median, and maximum mechanical strength and the strength distribution inside the meteoroid and reveal its internal structure.

Results. We find that the Geminids begin to crumble at pressures 1–100 kPa, with the strongest parts reaching pressures of between 0.4 and 1.55 MPa before fragmenting. Knowing the spectral type of (3200) Phaethon (a B-type asteroid, part of the C complex), we conclude that the Geminids are made of compact and coherent carbonaceous material. We also find that the minimum aerodynamic pressure that causes the fragmentation of Geminids increases with increasing entry mass of Geminids. In contrast, the median aerodynamic pressure decreases as their entry mass increases. The spectra of all the observed Geminid fireballs show normal content and little variation in terms of sodium.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Hyperacusis Impact Questionnaire, Sound Sensitivity Symptoms Questionnaire, and Screening for Anxiety and Depression in Tinnitus, Including Preliminary Analyses of the Parent Versions for Use with Children
Authors: Aazh Hashir , Hayes Chloe , Erfanian Mercede , Moore Brian C.J. , Vitoratou Silia
Published: January 2024

Background We previously reported the results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of the Hyperacusis Impact Questionnaire (HIQ), the Sound Sensitivity Symptoms Questionnaire (SSSD), and the Screening for Anxiety and Depression in Tinnitus (SAD-T). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is necessary to confirm the latent constructs determined using EFA. CFA should use different samples but with similar characteristics to those used for EFA.

Purpose The aim was to use CFA to confirm latent constructs derived using EFA of the HIQ, SSSQ, and SAD-T. We further evaluated the psychometric properties of parent versions of these questionnaires (indicated by -P), which are intended for use with children.

Research Design This was a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Study Sample Data for 323 consecutive adults and 49 children who attended a Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Clinic in the United Kingdom within a 6-month period were included.

Data Collection and Analysis Data were collected retrospectively from the records of patients held at the Audiology Department. CFA with the weighted least-squares mean and variance-adjusted estimator was applied to assess the previously proposed factor structures of the HIQ, SSSQ, and SAD-T. The internal consistency of the scales was assessed via Cronbach's α (α). The items of the HIQ, SSSQ, and SAD-T were tested for measurement invariance regarding age and gender using the multiple indicator multiple cause (MIMIC) model.

Results All questionnaires showed good to excellent internal consistency, with α = 0.93 for the HIQ, 0.87 for the SSSQ, and 0.91 for the SAD-T. The parent versions showed acceptable to good internal consistency, with α = 0.88 for the HIQ-P, 0.71 for the SSSQ-P, and 0.86 for the SAD-T-P. CFA showed that the HIQ, SSSQ, and SAD-T were all one-factor questionnaires and the factors generally were similar to those obtained for the EFA. The MIMIC model showed that all three questionnaires can be considered as measurement invariant, with scores similar across genders and ages.

Conclusion The HIQ, SSSQ, and SAD-T are internally consistent one-factor questionnaires that can be used in clinical and research settings to assess the impact of hyperacusis, the severity of sound sensitivity symptoms, and to screen for anxiety and depression symptoms. Future studies should further explore the psychometric properties of the parent versions of the HIQ, SSSQ, and SAD-T.
Tratamento da pseudoartrose do escafoide com uso de artroscopia: Descrição da técnica e série de casos
Authors: Kaempf Ricardo , Brunelli João , Bayer Leohnard , Aita Márcio , Schneider Santhiago Pereira , Delgado Pedro J.
Published: January 2024

Objetivo Descrever o procedimento e avaliar os resultados de uma série de pacientes com pseudartroses estáveis e instáveis dos escafoides tratados com o uso de artroscopia associado a enxerto ósseo esponjoso e parafuso de compressão.

Método Foram tratados 23 pacientes com esta técnica. O acompanhamento mínimo no pós-operatório foi de 12 meses, e foram realizadas análises funcionais, clínicas e de imagem pré e pós-operatórias.

Resultados O tempo médio desde a fratura até a cirurgia foi de 26 meses (12-60). Parâmetros clínicos e radiológicos pré-operatório e pós-operatório foram analisados. O seguimento médio foi de 24,2 (12-60) meses. A consolidação ocorreu em 22 pacientes (95,6%) em uma média de 7,5 (4-12) semanas. A amplitude média de movimento de flexão melhorou de 73,6° (60-80°) a 79,5° (60-90°); a extensão de 68,6° (50-80°) a 71,9° (45-85°); o desvio ulnar de 20,6°(15-30°) a 26,9° (20-35°); e o desvio radial de 17,3° (15-25°) em 20,4° (10-25°). A dor (Escala Visual Analógica [EVA] 0-10) melhorou de 7,3 (4-9) para 0,7 (0-6) e a escala funcional DASH melhorou de 49 (32-75) para 6 (2-12). O ângulo escafolunar melhorou de 69,1°(55-85°) para 48,4° (40-55°) e o ângulo radiolunar melhorou de 30°(10-40°) a 2,6° (0-8°).

Conclusão O tratamento das pseudartrose estáveis e instáveis do escafoide com enxerto ósseo esponjoso e fixação interna percutânea, preferencialmente com parafuso de compressão sem cabeça, assistidos por artroscopia, mostrou bons resultados clínicos e radiográficos na nossa casuística, com curto tempo de consolidação e recuperação funcional.
Ressecção assistida por laparoscopia de neurofibroma retroperitoneal da raiz nervosa lombar: Relato de caso
Authors: Relvas-Silva Miguel , Lima Estevão Rodrigues , Silva Manuel Ribeiro , Neves Nuno
Published: January 2024

Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente de 59 anos com lombalgia crônica causada por tumor intraneural retroperitoneal. A excisão laparoscópica foi realizada e a histologia revelou um neurofibroma da raiz do nervo espinhal. No período pós-operatório, a paciente desenvolveu déficits motores e sensitivos parciais devido ao encarceramento do nervo tumoral, com recuperação progressiva à reabilitação. Este relato revisa a literatura sobre essa doença pouco descrita, destacando a utilidade da laparoscopia em seu tratamento.