bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construção do espaço museal: ciência, educação e sociabilidade na gênese do Parque Zoobotânico do Museu Goeldi (1895-1914)
Authors: FLOREZ LILIAN SUESCUN , SANJAD NELSON , OKADA WANDA
Published: October 2018

RESUMO O artigo analisa a construção do Parque Zoobotânico do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi durante a gestão de seus idealizadores, Emílio Goeldi (1895-1907) e Jacques Huber (1907-1914). Embora o parque constitua hoje uma área orgânica e ocupe todo um quarteirão no centro de Belém, Pará, ele foi concebido como dois anexos distintos do museu, o jardim zoológico e o horto botânico, situados, cada um, em lados opostos ao prédio principal da instituição. Esses anexos foram criados a partir da desapropriação, transformação e ressignificação de terrenos, edificações e vegetais que já existiam no local. Tendo como pontos de partida o conceito de musealidade e as questões que fundamentam a criação e o funcionamento dos museus, o texto se desenvolve em quatro narrativas - comunicacional e educativa, científica, lazer e sociabilidade, doméstica - que entendemos como matrizes que deram forma e organizaram o espaço museal. Essas narrativas permitiram estudar a gênese da identidade institucional, a qual, em sua essência, se perpetua até a atualidade.
Atividades criativas, especialização inteligente e oportunidades para os territórios urbanos de pequena dimensão: o caso do carnaval de Estarreja
Authors: Fernandes Ricardo , Gama Rui , Barros Cristina
Published: October 2018

Resumo No quadro da consolidação da sociedade do conhecimento, da aprendizagem e da criatividade, os territórios têm tido a necessidade de reajustar as suas estratégias em torno de atividades criativas, que consubstanciam novas lógicas de desenvolvimento territorial e de política pública. Partindo da contextualização da especialização inteligente no quadro das políticas públicas europeias e da importância das atividades e dos recursos criativos, a investigação pretende identificar novas oportunidades para territórios urbanos de pequena dimensão no sentido de redefinir as suas estratégias de desenvolvimento local. A investigação surge no sentido de realizar uma discussão em torno da valorização de dinâmicas culturais e criativas que promovam o desenvolvimento integrado e transversal dos diferentes atores e do seu território. Foi utilizado como referência de estudo o município de Estarreja (Portugal) enquanto espaço urbano de pequena dimensão com uma trajetória de especialização industrial no passado, mas com algumas dinâmicas criativas atuais. Com efeito, pretende-se discutir a exequibilidade da aplicação dessa matriz estratégica no âmbito das atuais políticas públicas de desenvolvimento.
O crescimento da área urbana da cidade de São Carlos/SP entre os anos de 2010 e 2015: o avanço da degradação ambiental
Authors: Stanganini Fábio Noel , Lollo José Augusto de
Published: October 2018

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o avanço da degradação ambiental no município de São Carlos/SP em decorrência do processo de crescimento da área urbana entre os anos de 2010 e 2015. Foram abordados os seguintes aspectos: as atividades antrópicas, a degradação ambiental, o crescimento da área urbana e os impactos ambientais. Teve-se auxílio de ferramentas de análise espacial, como Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG), sensoriamento remoto e cartografia digital, que permitiram a observação e o monitoramento da atual situação da área urbanizada em um nível detalhado por análise temporal. Foi detectada uma situação preocupante de crescimento desordenado, fruto de um processo disperso e desregrado sobre o solo, indicando a necessidade de maior controle e, principalmente, da efetivação de instrumentos de gestão urbana. Há indícios de que os problemas ambientais continuarão evoluindo por conta do processo de crescimento da área urbana, o que indica um potencial de degradação em áreas ainda não afetadas.
Carreira e Vencimento Base dos Professores da Rede Pública Paulistana
Authors: Jacomini Márcia Aparecida , Nascimento Ana Paula Santiago do , Thomazini Leandro
Published: October 2018

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a dinâmica do vencimento base dos professores da rede municipal paulistana no período de 1996 a 2016, em relação ao Salário Mínimo, ao Salário Mínimo Necessário do DIEESE (SMN) e ao Piso Salarial Profissional Nacional (PSPN). Trata-se de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, com foco na legislação nacional e municipal e na análise do vencimento base inicial e final dos professores. Constatou-se que, embora o vencimento base dos professores municipais fosse 40% superior ao PSPN em 2009, em 2016 foi apenas 11% superior. O Piso Salarial para jornada de 40 horas também se encontrava abaixo do SMN-DIEESE em novembro de 2016, R$ 3.550,00 e R$ 3.940,41 respectivamente.
Criatividade na Escola: emancipação ou instrumentalização?
Authors: Raslan Filho Gilson Soares , Barros Janaina Visibeli
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Neste ensaio teórico, a criatividade e, especificamente, os debates em torno da criatividade na escola são colocadas em perspectiva crítica. Para uma já vasta teoria, a criatividade é tomada como um valor central na cultura contemporânea e o ponto pacífico de tais variadas correntes teóricas diz respeito a uma alegada superação do estatuto do trabalho em direção ao que é chamado de trabalho imaterial. Nesse cenário, a produção dos humanos se realiza em fazer movimentar a própria subjetividade em sua complexidade. Moto contínuo, a escola, como local de formação, deve, segundo esse quadro histórico, responder à nova realidade e preparar os estudantes para serem criativos. Ambas as proposições, todavia, ignoram o fato de que nem o trabalho se ausenta das chamadas atividades criativas, nem a criatividade é estranha ao trabalho. Assim, as propostas correntes de criatividade na escola padecem do mesmo mal daquelas que sustentam a ideia de trabalho imaterial: ignoram o fato de que a criatividade é um componente da dinâmica social, de que o trabalho ainda é fundamento das práticas sociais mais diversas, inclusive, por óbvio, nas chamadas atividades criativas.
O Laço Educador-Bebê se Tece no Enodamento entre Cuidar, Educar e Brincar
Authors: Fonseca Paula Fontana
Published: October 2018

RESUMO A literatura acerca do trabalho educativo na primeira infância propõe uma articulação do educar com o cuidar e o brincar como subsídio para ação do professor. No entanto, é necessário entender com mais precisão essas ações e os seus possíveis efeitos no laço com o bebê. Nosso intuito é pensar essa relação como fundamento para uma presença interessada do adulto educador. Para tanto, usaremos a figura topológica da banda de Möebius na proposição de uma articulação entre cuidar, educar e brincar, entendidos como uma única ação no trabalho educativo com bebês no âmbito da creche.
Brasil, Argentina e Uruguai: ensino de Relações Públicas na cultura digital
Authors: Rhoden Valmor , Oliveira Valeska Maria Fortes de
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais de Relações Públicas de Brasil, Argentina e Uruguai, refletindo sobre a formação no ensino superior. A metodologia conta com pesquisa bibliográfica e amparo documental. Os resultados mostraram que há diretrizes curriculares específicas para a área apenas no Brasil. A respeito da carga horária, há diferença significativa entre os países. E em relação ao presente cenário, que insere a profissão de Relações Públicas na cultura digital, percebemos que tal mudança é discutida de forma incipiente pela documentação oficial brasileira. Ademais, outro ponto observado é que, na Argentina e no Uruguai, os cursos têm autonomia para criar conteúdos.
Docência na Creche: o cuidado na educação das crianças de zero a três anos
Authors: Arenhart Deise , Guimarães Daniela , Santos Núbia Oliveira
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Este texto expõe questões de uma pesquisa institucional em andamento que tem como objetivo investigar os sentidos da docência na educação das crianças de zero a três anos. A partir da perspectiva da pesquisa-formação, adotou como estratégias metodológicas encontros quinzenais com professoras de bebês de diferentes creches públicas, tendo em vista construir espaços de interlocução, construção de enunciados e perspectivas docentes sobre ser professora de bebês. Os sentidos da docência constituem-se na capacidade de reconhecimento do bebê como outro que altera e reconduz ações cotidianas, como escuta e compreensão ativas, na perspectiva do cuidado ético, o que se destaca, nesta pesquisa, nas relações que envolvem o cuidado corporal.
Aging with physical disabilities: experience intersected by stigma, social isolation and finitude
Authors: Martins José Alves , Merighi Miriam Aparecida Barbosa , Jesus Maria Cristina Pinto de , Watanabe Helena Akemi Wada
Published: October 2018

Abstract Objective: To understand the experience from a perspective of elderly people with physical disabilities. Method: Qualitative study that interviewed 15 people from the Mato Grosso Association of Disabled Person. Testimonies were obtained from 2016 July to 2017 June in the metropolitan region of Cuiabá/Brazil. Data were organized in thematic categories and analyzed through social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz. Results: It was evidenced that the stigma intersects the experience of the physical deficiency including in the old age. The perpetuation of stigma translated into impaired identity, social isolation, lack of perspective and acceptance of finitude as inevitable, contributing to a negative experience in old age. Conclusion and implications for practice: The experience of aging with physical disability has an intrinsically multidimensional nature, confronting complex lives and social contexts hostile to the body diversity, which need to be considered in public policies, by service managers and professionals involved in the processes of care for the elderly with physical disability.
Performing the Hyphen
Authors: Seifert Miki
Published: October 2018

Abstract: The goal of this paper is to present a decolonising research methodology. The first section of this paper problematises western knowledge production, using Aníbal Quijano’s colonial matrix of power. The second section theorises how an epistemological pluralism that is critical, decolonising and performative could address western knowledge production and the colonial matrix of power. The third section discusses how this methodology has been applied to Butoh to develop Critical Butoh. The final section presents He rawe tona kakahu/ She wore a becoming dress, a Butoh performance exploring the intersection of gender and colonisation, as a practical application of this methodology.
Corpo e Descolonialidade em Composição Poética Cênica
Authors: Simão Marina Fazzio , Sampaio Juliano Casimiro de Camargo
Published: October 2018

Resumo: O texto se situa entre as artes, a antropologia e a filosofia e pretende responder à questão: o processo artístico pode ser entendido como meio de descolonialidade do corpo cotidiano? Metodologicamente, realiza-se revisão de literatura e faz-se uma análise de um processo artístico de que os autores participaram. Resulta da experiência que a proposta de Sampaio (2007) a respeito do corpo atenso para a cena pode ser um frutífero caminho para se chegar à descolonialidade do corpo cotidiano.
Karaí Arandú na Bienal do Mercosul: educação guarani como possibilidade para uma estética decolonial
Authors: Bergamaschi Maria Aparecida , Melo Dannilo Cesar Silva
Published: October 2018

Resumo: O artigo discute educação, estética e possibilidades para uma estética decolonial, a partir de uma vivência que denominamos mediação (inter)cultural em uma escola guarani e em uma exposição de arte na 10ª Bienal do Mercosul. A noção de escola (inserida no território indígena) como espaço de fronteira contribuiu para a compreensão de um pensamento fronteiriço, que escapa ao cânone moderno ocidental. A mediação (inter)cultural mostrou-se útil como método para o je guata - caminhada -, uma caminhada investigativa, realizada com um coletivo escolar pertencente ao povo guarani.
Decolonizing the Curriculum? Unsettling possibilities for performance training
Authors: O’Shea Janet
Published: October 2018

Abstract: This essay problematizes the term ‘decolonization’ as applied to university dance and performance curricula. It does so via Eve Tuck and K. Wayne Yang’s (2012) argument that colonization is rooted in a worldview that positions beings as exploitable things. Addressing efforts to foster diversity within studio training, choreography, and scholarship, the casualization of labor within university departments is also examined. The essay considers the structure of the university as both a colonial and corporate entity, signaling its relationship to the precarity of neoliberalism. The paper concludes by suggesting that arts and humanities scholarship and teaching create opportunities for alternate ways of living and interacting beyond neoliberal, neocolonial paradigms.
Coping strategies among caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease: a systematic review
Authors: Monteiro Alexandre Magno Frota , Santos Raquel Luiza , Kimura Nathália , Baptista Maria Alice Tourinho , Dourado Marcia Cristina Nascimento
Published: October 2018

Abstract Introduction Caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease (PwAD) report significant stress, burden and depression compared to caregivers of people with other dementias, especially when neuropsychiatric symptoms are prominent. Adequate coping strategies can modify the impact of stressful situations and increase the caregivers’ quality of life. Objective To systematically review the different coping strategies used by caregivers of PwAD to manage neuropsychiatric symptoms. Method We carried out electronic searches using MEDLINE (PubMed), SciELO, Web of Knowledge Cross Search (Thomson Scientific/ISI Web Services) and PsycINFO databases to select studies on coping in PwAD caregivers published from January 2005 to July 2017. The search terms were coping, caregivers, strategy, onset, adaptation, family, behavior, dementia and Alzheimer. The studies were organized in three categories: problem-focused, emotion-focused and dysfunctional coping strategies. Results We found 2,277 articles. After application of exclusion criteria and exclusion of redundant references, 24 articles were analyzed. Emotion-focused coping was the most commonly used strategy among PwAD caregivers. The use of this strategy associated with religion and spirituality may help reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. Problem-focused coping strategies were mostly used with active coping interventions. Problem-solving coping may have buffered the impact of acute psychological stressors on procoagulant activity. Dysfunctional coping strategies were associated with increase of caregiver burden. Conclusion The evaluated studies showed that the use and development of coping strategies may have ameliorated the depressive symptoms, anxiety and burden of caregivers. However, longitudinal studies are still needed that clearly describe the type of coping strategy used in relation to the presented results.
Experienci(a)ções de reconhecimento e de cuidado no cotidiano de homens idosos rurais
Authors: Burille Andreia , Gerhardt Tatiana Engel
Published: October 2018

Resumo Ao envelhecer, os homens se deparam com uma dualidade de exigências: as sociais e as de saúde. Nessa vivência, as relações sociais podem contribuir para situações de cuidado ou de sofrimento. Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em uma comunidade rural de um município do Vale da Luz/RS. As informações foram produzidas entre janeiro e setembro de 2016, por meio das histórias orais temáticas narradas por dez homens idosos em situação de adoecimento crônico e da composição de diários de campo. A análise buscou referências nas matrizes de Reconhecimento propostas por Honneth. Evidenciou-se que o reconhecimento pelo amor atua como modulador do cuidado biológico nas condições crônicas, mas gera sofrimento ao marcar a invulnerabilidade e a autossuficiência parcial no envelhecimento. No reconhecer pelo direito, enfatizaram-se a aposentadoria e o acesso aos serviços de saúde. As identidades - colono, trabalhador e alemão - constituíram categorias de estima e de solidariedade, sobretudo em situações de adoecimento. As relações mostraram-se aliadas no cuidado, mas ao distanciarem os homens do modelo de masculinidade ou ao depreciarem escolhas, acarretaram sofrimento.
“Blue Whale”: blog posts about the suicide game
Authors: Vedana Kelly Graziani Giacchero , Silva Andreza Fonseca , Pereira Camila Corrêa Matias , Silva Gisele Lobo
Published: October 2018

This study analyzed blog posts linked to the “Blue Whale” game in blogs. A Qualitative study was conducted on Tumblr Posts in Portuguese by searching for the string “baleia azul” (“blue whale”), and were submitted to thematic analysis. The main themes were: "Understanding and support", "Opposition to the game or the players", "Blue Whale game information", "(Family) Relationship" and "Vulnerability". Bloggers expressed warm, understanding or derogatory attitudes towards people prone or who identified themselves to the game. Games related to suicidal behavior may raise diverse interest level and diverse attitudes and behaviors in a young audience, being a risk for vulnerable individuals; it needs to be addressed in preventive strategies.
Revisão sistemática sobre prevalência de Burnout em médicos intensivistas
Authors: Tironi Márcia Oliveira Staffa , Barbosa Gabriella Bené , Rocha Gabriel Silva , Costa Karole Brito Alves , Matos Marcos Almeida , Nascimento Sobrinho Carlito Lopes
Published: October 2018

O trabalho em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) pode ser considerado um dos mais estressantes para o médico e a relação entre este trabalho e o burnout ainda é pouco estudada. Realizou-se revisão sistemática com o objetivo de descrever a produção científica sobre a prevalência e os fatores associados ao burnout em médicos intensivistas, publicados nas bases de dados: IBECS, LILACS, MEDLINE, Psyc Info, PubMed e Scielo. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos originais, com delineamento transversal, que utilizaram o Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) em médicos intensivistas. A busca identificou 118 artigos e destes, 09 artigos foram elegíveis. A segunda década dos anos 2000 teve a maior concentração de artigos e cinco publicações foram realizadas no Brasil, o que pode significar um incremento na produção científica nacional sobre o tema. Os resultados dos estudos que utilizaram como critério diagnóstico o nível alto em pelo menos uma dimensão da síndrome, apontaram elevada prevalência de burnout. Observou-se também uma diversidade de fatores associados a prevalência de burnout. Constatou-se uma heterogeneidade de critérios para identificação da síndrome e de formas de cálculo e de interpretação dos resultados do MBI. Sugere-se a padronização dos critérios para identificação da síndrome, dos cálculos e da interpretação dos resultados do MBI.
Tuberculose: os futuros profissionais de saúde são preparados para o atendimento adequado do paciente?
Authors: Paschoal Gabriela dos Santos , Souza Gabriela Santos de , Pereira Mariele , Carvalho Luisa Patrícia Fogarolli de
Published: October 2018

Introdução: Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), um terço da população mundial está infectada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis(1). A literatura mostra que a equipe multiprofissional responsável pelo manejo da tuberculose não está apta a lidar frente à reemergência da doença, além de atuarem de forma não integral e humanizada. Objetivo: Verificar se os universitários que serão inseridos na atenção primária estão aptos a identificar e manejar pacientes com tuberculose. Métodos e materiais: Foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados em alunos dos últimos períodos dos cursos da área da saúde. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva. Resultados: A maioria dos entrevistados disseram já ter tido contato com o tema tuberculose durante a graduação. Em relação às manifestações, 65 (38,24%) consideraram como principais sintomas da tuberculose pulmonar tosse, emagrecimento, febre, perda de apetite, sudorese noturna e fraqueza. Em contrapartida, 97 (57,06%) consideraram a presença do escarro hemoptoico como manifestação principal. A minoria dos entrevistados soube definir corretamente um sintomático respiratório. Conclusão: Através da análise dos resultados é possível notar que a universidade é a principal fonte de conhecimento dos universitários sobre tuberculose. Identificou-se lacunas a serem preenchidas, como em relação às manifestações da doença, à dificuldade em identificar um sintomático respiratório, o desconhecimento da mudança do calendário vacinal e da obrigatoriedade da realização do teste rápido de HIV. Além disso percebe-se que há dificuldade no manejo adequado dos pacientes. Diante dos resultados é evidenciada a necessidade de aprimoramento do ensino em relação à tuberculose.
FLAVONOID PROFILING BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED TO MASS SPECTROMETRY (LC/MS) v1
Authors: J O Ramos Humberto
Published: October 2018

Flavonoids play a variety of biological activities in plants, animals and bacteria range from physiological development to plant responses for abiotic and biotic stresses, as well as health-promoting effects of pharmaceutical interest. The following protocol describes the steps and details to generation of qualitative and quantitative broad-range profiles of flavonoids from plant tissues by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatograph (UHPLC) coupled to mass spectrometry
Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Calotropis procera root in wistar rats
Authors: Dayana Kunjumon , Manasa Megaravalli R.
Published: October 2018

Background: Free radicals generated as by-products of metabolism can cause damage to lipids, proteins and DNA. They are scavenged by endogenous antioxidant mechanisms. But when these mechanisms are overwhelmed, free radicals can cause toxicity. There is a need to identify new antioxidant compounds. Hence the current study was undertaken to assess the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Calotropis procera roots in Wistar rats.Methods: Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (control) were administered vehicle. Group 2 received DMBA (30mg/kg BW, single dose) intraperitoneally on day 5. Group 3 was pre-treated with Calotropis procera root extract (500mg/kg BW) orally for 5 days. On day 5, they were given DMBA injection 2 hrs after the extract. Group 4 rats received only root extract for 5 days. All rats were sacrificed on day 6 and samples were analysed for TBARS, conjugated dienes and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx) levels.Results: The levels of TBARS, conjugated dienes were significantly increased, and antioxidant enzymes were decreased in group 2 both in plasma and erythrocytes. Pretreatment with C. procera root extract (group 3) has normalized the TBARS and conjugated dienes levels in plasma but in erythrocytes, TBARS levels are elevated. GPx activity was significantly decreased in both plasma and erythrocytes and SOD activity was decreased in erythrocytes. CAT activity was comparable to control group. Group 4 rats showed TBARS, conjugated dienes and antioxidant enzymes levels comparable to control.Conclusions: The present study establishes that Calotropis procera root extract has antioxidant activity in wistar rats.
Evaluation of adverse drug reactions of first line antiretroviral drugs in a tertiary care centre of Telangana, India
Authors: Gabbita Padmaja , Jillapegu Margaret V. , Vangala Saikiran L. N. , Tiruveedhula Jahnavi
Published: October 2018

Background: The introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a significant reduction in AIDS related morbidity and mortality. Most of the adverse drug reactions are preventable. So continuous evaluation will benefit Antiretroviral treatment that helped to achieve ultimate goal of making treatment safer and more effective to patients. The present study was designed to monitor and analyse the incidence, type and nature of adverse events to first line Antiretroviral drugs.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted at Antiretroviral treatment center of Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabd, Telangana. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months involving all HIV patients. After initiation of 1st line regimen- tenofovir 300mg + lamivudine 300mg + efavirenz 600mg (TLE), patients were followed for any adverse event. Descriptive statistics was used for analysis of data.Results: Out of 453 studied, 47 patients developed adverse events. A total of 79 adverse events were reported. The assessment of total adverse drug reaction profile revealed cutaneous 44.30%, hematological 40.50%, renal 11.39%, gastrointestinal 3.79%. WHO-UMC causality assessment scale showed 76.5% and 23.4% Adverse events as probable and possible respectively. Hartwig and Siegel severity scale revealed 93.6%, 2.1% and 4.3% as mild, moderate and severe cases respectively.Conclusions: The TLE regimen found with lower adverse events in this study. The study focuses the importance of active adverse event monitoring to detect early toxicities and to support safe use of anti-retroviral treatment.
A clinical study of generalised peritonitis and its management in a rural setup
Authors: Shanker M. R. , Nahid M. , S. Prajwal
Published: October 2018

Background: Generalised Peritonitis is a common surgical emergency and its treatment remains a challenge despite advances in surgical techniques, antimicrobial therapy and intensive care support. The commonest etiological factors are perforation of hollow viscus and appendicitis. The aim was to study the most common cause of perforation peritonitis, associated risk factors, modes of clinical presentation, management, postoperative complications, and comorbid conditions influencing the morbidity and mortality in rural set up.Methods: 50 patients of peritonitis of over 10 years of age managed in our institution from July 2015 to November 2016 were studied and followed up on a three-monthly basis for a period varying from 12 months to 2 years with an average of 18 months.Results: Appendicular perforation was the most common cause of peritonitis followed by peptic ulcer perforation. Perforation peritonitis constituted 26% of total emergency operations performed with a male to female ratio of 2.84:1 and age between 41-50 years. Patients presenting within 24 hours of perforation had an uneventful recovery whereas those presenting after 24 hours had significant postoperative complications. The serum CRP levels provided as good prognostic marker. It remained high in complicated cases. Out of 56% complication rate, wound infection was the commonest.Conclusions: Early diagnosis and surgical intervention plays a crucial role in early recovery, though the end result depends on many factors like age of the patient, degree of peritoneal contamination and presence of comorbid diseases. This study also highlights the role of CRP as a serum prognostic marker.
A study of factors leading to post-operative leaks following bowel anastomosis
Authors: Srinivas L. , Venkatesh B. , Ahmad Samir
Published: October 2018

Background: Intestinal anastomosis is one of the most commonly performed procedures, especially in the emergency setting and is also in the elective setting when resection is carried out for benign or malignant lesion of the gastrointestinal tract. Anastomotic leakage is a potentially disastrous complication, which can lead to sepsis and abdominal catastrophe. The aim of the study is to determine factors leading to post-operative leaks in gastrointestinal surgeries involving different kinds of anastomosis and to determine the role of parameters such as pre-operative hemoglobin, serum albumin, indication for surgery, degree of contamination, type of anastomosis, technical variations and postoperative management in anastomotic leaks. We also aim to determine the morbidity and mortality variation and to study the various presentations of anastomotic leak in the patient group as well.Methods: A prospective study was conducted from December 2015 till the end of august 2017 at Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar. All patients undergoing gastrointestinal anastomosis electively and as an emergency procedure were included in this study. The total number of cases studied is 60.Results: Out of the 60 cases in this study, 49 cases were done electively, and 11 cases were done on an emergency basis. Anastomotic leaks occurred most in emergency cases (27.27%). Among 5 patients, (71.42%) leaks were managed conservatively and rest required intervention. There was increased death rate in patients with leak. Leaks occurred maximum in jejunoileal anastomosis. Most common organ involved was esophagus (28.57%).Conclusions: Anastomotic leaks are a common complication following all types of gastrointestinal anastomosis. It is believed, hypoalbuminemia hinders anastomotic healing. Surgeries indicated in emergency situation carried increased risk of operative leaks in post-operative period.
Manifestations of malaria: a clinical experience
Authors: S. Prabhu , V. N. Prashanth
Published: October 2018

Background: Malaria is fast emerging as a number one infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality across the globe. It’s being transmitted across 108 countries containing 3 billion populations (40% of world’s populations) with more than 3 million deaths per year. India is an endemic country for malaria with an estimated 70-100 million1 cases per year. 45-50% of them are due to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf). Pf is responsible for majority of severe and fatal malaria though death due to Plasmodium vivax mono infection have also been reported. Symptoms and sign are highly non-specific in malaria making it more of a clinical diagnosis more than a laboratory diagnosis. Presentation may vary at times and can be quite confusing as malaria is a multisystem disease. Authors’ idea was to study the variable manifestations in confirmed cases of malaria patients at our hospitalMethods: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted for a period of one year-from 01-08-2015 to 31-07-2016 based on authors’ hospitals records (case sheets with demography profile, clinical features, investigations and treatment outcome).Results: A total of 369 patients positive for malaria parasite were included in the study. 369 were smear positive-219 positive for Plasmodium vivax, 127 were P. falciparum type and 23 were for both. Majority were males (64.50%) and belonged to the age group of 21-50 years (58.84%). They were admitted in post monsoon months (60.43%). Of them 46.44% had classical symptoms of malaria. All the patients had received mainly artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) and 91.87% patients recovered in 7-28 days. The mortality rate was nearly 5.69%.Conclusions: The present study was useful to know the varied manifestations of malaria and hence will be useful in making a clinical diagnosis of malaria.
Pre-operative fixed flexion deformity a curse to the knee arthroplasty surgeon?
Authors: Veeraraghavan Raghav Ravi , Vanchi Pravin Kumar , M. Mohan Kumar
Published: October 2018

Background: The aim of the study was to study the effect of preoperative flexion deformity on the postoperative knee range of motion following total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: A total of 28 knees were studied out of which twenty were osteoarthritis and eight were rheumatoid arthritis. Cruciate substituting and cruciate retaining implants were used. Patients above the age of 45 years with a minimum follow up period of two years from April 2010 were studied.

Results: 28 knees had an average preoperative range of motion of 87.678. Patients with preoperative flexion deformity had postoperative range of motion of 97.5 degrees. The average postoperative flexion in 8 rheumatoid patients was 96.25 and 20 osteoarthritis patients was 107.462.

Conclusions: The average postoperative range of motion was 105.538. Patients with a higher pre-operative range of motion had higher postoperative range of motion. Rheumatoid patients had a significantly low range of motion when compared to osteoarthritis patients. Patients with increased fixed flexion deformity had a significantly low postoperative range of motion.
Clinical profile of palmoplantar dermatoses in patients attending tertiary health center in central India
Authors: Rathoriya Shyam Govind
Published: October 2018

Background: Palmoplantar dermatoses include specific skin diseases affecting palm and soles and are frequently encountered dermatoses in the dermatology practice. Apart from diagnostic difficulties, few palmoplanter dermatoses cause great discomfort and disability and may also affect a person's livelihood.

Methods: It was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted in the Department of Dermatology, Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal. A total of 200 patients of palmoplanter dermatoses, attending outpatient department of dermatology of tertiary health center were enrolled for study.

Results: In our study, a total of 200 patients were included in the study, of which 116 (58.0%) were males and 84 (42.0%) were females. Male to female ratio was 1.38 showing male preponderance of disease. The most common age group affected was 31–40 years followed by 21–30 years in both the sexes. In our study, only palms were involved in 30 (15%) cases, soles in 39 (19.5%), and both palms and soles in 131 (65.5%) cases. Out of all palmoplanter dermatoses, 161 (80.5%) cases had palms and 170 (85%) cases had soles involvement. Palmoplantar psoriasis was the most common dermatoses found in 48 (24.0%) cases followed by palmoplanter keratoderma in 26 (13.0%).

Conclusions: Early recognition of clinical symptoms and signs is important to plan further supportive diagnostic investigations as well as appropriate and effective management to further improve outcome of illness and the quality of life.
Contribution of Entrepreneurship Pedagogy Learning Model with Production-Based Learning Approach to Entrepreneurs Learning Outcomes in Vocational Higher Education
Authors: Hidayat Hendra , Yulastri Asmar , . Ganefri , Sriwahyuni Diana , Zoni Ali Akmal
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study is to describe and test the contribution of entrepreneurship learning pedagogy models with a production-based learning approach to entrepreneurial learning outcomes. This study uses quantitative methods with descriptive correlational. The population was all students who participated in the 2300 people general entrepreneurship courses in higher education, and a sample of 423 students were selected using proportional stratified random sampling. This research tool is a test of entrepreneurial learning outcomes that have been measured for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and simple regression. The findings of the study show that there is a contribution to the entrepreneurship learning pedagogy model with a production-based learning approach to entrepreneurial learning outcomes in vocational higher education.
Inappropriate Strategies That Senior High School Students Use When Solving Routine Problems in Basic Algebra
Authors: Amoakoh Patrick Kwabena
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the study was to identify the inappropriate strategies that senor high school students used when solving routine problems in basic algebra. The study was conducted with second year students of Eguafo Senior High School, Edinaman Senior High School and Komenda Secondary Technical School; all situated in the Central Region of Ghana. The data used in the analysis were collected form 120 students of the various programmes in the Senior High School. The simple random sampling method was used in the selection of the sample and the descriptive sample survey was the research design used. Essay type achievement tests and interview were used in the data collection. The test involved 20 independent test items under 10 routine problems in basic algebra. The test items were carefully selected from various Senior High School Mathematics text books and WAEC past questions under the supervision of the supervisor.

Students were assembled in their classrooms for the administration of the tests. The tests were administered during official school hours. A total of thirty students, ten from each school were interviewed individually on their solutions to the test items. The failure strategies identified were observed to have comprised one or some combinations of a number of errors classified into six types as follows: a. Sign Errors, Misconception, Slip-shod Errors, Misapplication of RulesComputational Errors and Miscellaneous Errors. It was recommended that textbook authors in their text books should caution students on the possible common mistakes students make with each topic.
Understanding of Chemicai Formulae And Nomenclature Of Inorganic Compounds Using Improvised Conceptual Models Among Teacher-Trainees In Offinso And Atebubu Colleges Of Education In Ghana
Authors: Mayeem Bilatam Peter , Naah Anna M. , Adjei Augustine
Published: October 2018

The study aimed at enhancing the understanding of SHS students in chemical formulae and nomenclature using locally constructed conceptual models. It was carried out in Offinso and Atebubu Colleges of Education. The research instrument used was pretest and protest on an experimental and control group with 200 students as sample size. Developmental research design with cluster and purposive sampling techniques were employed. Five research questions were formulated out of which four were modified into null hypothesis and was tested using 2-tailed t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The research results have showed that the use of conceptual models enhanced the understanding of Teacher-trainees in chemical formulae and nomenclature. Additionally, it was found out that the conceptual models had no influence on gender or cognitive capability. This emphasized that conceptual models should be used to assist the teaching and learning of chemical formulae and nomenclature.
Influence of Tax Knowledge and Awareness on Tax Compliance Among Investors in the Export Processing Zones in Kenya
Authors: Bernard Obongo Matibe , S. Memba Dr. Florence , Oluoch Dr. Oluoch
Published: October 2018

The objective of this study was to examine the influence of tax knowledge & awareness on tax compliance among Export Processing Zones investors in Kenya. This research used a cross sectional survey research design. The study population comprised of 152 duly registered and licensed firms by the Export Processing Zones Authority.  Since all the registered investors in the three Kenyan Cities were considered for the study, a census sampling technique was employed. Primary data was gathered using structured questionnaires and captured through a 5-point type Likert Scale questionnaire. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used in the analysis of data. Data was analyzed by use of descriptive and inferential statistics. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), multiple regression and correlation analysis was carried out to test the hypothesis. The study established that a significant number of organizations put emphasis on employee training geared at improving their tax knowledge and awareness, thus facilitating tax compliance. The study findings revealed that tax knowledge & awareness has a very close relationship with taxpayers’ ability to understand the laws and regulations of taxation, and their ability to comply with them. It was therefore possible to conclude that firms with well-trained employees on tax issues had a high likelihood of complying voluntarily with tax laws and regulations. The study also led to a conclusion that tax knowledge and awareness had a positive and significant relationship with tax compliance. The study recommends that the Revenue Authorities should embark on public awareness campaigns to educate the public and investors on their role and responsibilities in taxation rather than approaching the matter from a legal obligation perspective. This will create a sense of responsibility in compliance rather than fear for non-compliance. Putting in place active customer oriented information desks as well as client feedback mechanisms is also a necessary tool of increasing tax compliance. Further, more robust measures should be adopted in educating the public and investors on the tax issues and policies through regular training programmes, media advertisements, workshops and seminars.

 

 

Key Words: Tax Compliance, Tax Knowledge & Awareness, Export Processing Zones
Influence of Cost of Tax Compliance on Tax Compliance Among Investors in The Export Processing Zones in Kenya.
Authors: Bernard Obongo Matibe , Memba Dr. Florence S. , Oluoch Dr. Oluoch
Published: October 2018

The objective of this study was to establish the influence of cost of tax compliance on tax compliance among the Export Processing Zones investors in Kenya. This research used a cross sectional survey research design. The study population comprised of 152 duly registered and licensed firms by the Export Processing Zones Authority.  Since all the registered investors in the three Kenyan Cities were considered for the study, a census sampling technique was employed. Primary data was gathered using structured questionnaires and captured through a 5-point type Likert Scale questionnaire. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used in the analysis of data. Data was analyzed by use of descriptive and inferential statistics. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), multiple regression and correlation analysis was carried out to test the hypothesis. The study findings indicated that the cost of tax compliance influenced tax compliance to a great extent with a mean score of 4.02. This implies that tax compliance cost is a key determinant of tax compliance. Tax compliance costs play a key role in determining the level of a firm’s tax compliance. These costs include both direct and indirect costs such as auditing costs, costs of hiring tax personnel, agents & experts, time taken to complete tax assessment & returns filing as well as the accessing, employing and retaining knowledgeable staff; all for purposes of tax compliance. The study concludes that the cost of tax compliance is statistically significant in explaining tax compliance. The findings imply that taxpayers will comply more when tax compliance costs are lower and tax systems adequately simplified. The study recommends that governments and revenue authorities need to actively engage business enterprises through regular sensitizations on proper record keeping. Proper record keeping will facilitate; simplified tax preparations, returns filing, advance knowledge on tax laws and regulations as well as tax payments. Sensitization on basic tax calculation procedures is also key in the reduction of indirect costs associated with tax compliance.

 

Key Words: Tax compliance, Cost of Tax Compliance, Export Processing Zones.
Physiochemical, molecular docking, and pharmacokinetic studies of Naproxen and its modified derivatives based on DFT
Authors: Uzzaman Monir , Jabedul Hoque Mohammed
Published: October 2018

Naproxen (N) is a member of nonsteroidal anti-inflammation drug and widely used as an analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammation agent. In this investigation, the inherent stability and biochemical interaction of Naproxen and its related molecules have been studied. Density functional theory (DFT) with B3LYP/ 6-31G (d, p) has been employed to optimize the structures. Frontier molecular orbital features (HOMO-LUMO gap, hardness, softness), dipole moment, electrostatic potential and thermodynamic properties (electronic energy, enthalpy, Gibb’s free energy) of these optimized drugs are investigated. Molecular docking has been performed against prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) synthase protein 5F19 to search the binding affinity and mode(s) of all compounds. It is found that, all compounds are thermodynamically stable; some of them are chemically more reactive and show better binding affinity than the parent drug. ADMET calculations predict the improved pharmacokinetic properties of all compounds. Finally, this study can be helpful for the design of new analgesic, antipyretic drug.
Analysis of Physico-Mechanical Properties of Jute and Polyester Blended Yarn
Authors: Dip Tanvir Mahady , Begum Prof. Dr. Hosne Ara , Hossain Md. Abdullah Al , Uddin Md. Mazbah , Faruque Md. Omar
Published: October 2018

The cardinal objective of blending is to combine fibers which emphasizes good quality and minimizes poor quality. Jute is a natural fiber popularly known as the golden fiber of Bangladesh. It is one of the cheapest and strongest natural fibers and is considered the fiber for the future. Polyester is a manufactured product which tends to be very resilient, quick drying, resistant to biological damage such as mold and mildew, easy to wash and able to hold forms well. Although polyester is often maligned as a textile, it has many useful applications. The following study is an experimental research on how blending of Polyester with Jute behaves a single yarn manufactured using jute yarn manufacturing machineries. Tossa Jute of B grade and Polyester of 1.4 Denier & 32 mm staple length were chosen for the blending. The blending was performed at the 2nd Draw Frame stage of jute manufacturing system and blending ratio of jute and polyester fibers is 80:20. Count of Jute blended sliver and yarn after each stage was measured and recorded. The present work is concerned with the investigation of physical properties of manufactured jute blended yarns. Tests were conducted on blended yarn to find out Count, Twist per Inch (TPI), Strength, Quality Ratio Moisture Regain, Moisture Content, Hairiness, Percentage of Fibers in the final blended yarn etc.
Teachers’ And Students’ Attitudes Towards Integrating Environmental Education in the Secondary School Curriculum for Managing Environmental Degradation in Machakos Sub County, Kenya
Authors: Chikati Timothy Mandila
Published: October 2018

This study investigated implementation of integrated environmental education in the secondary school curriculum for managing environmental degradation in Machakos Sub-County. The study was thus informed by Fullan’s theory of educational change (2007). The theory views the implementation of IEE programme through lenses of four independent variables identified as need; clarity; complexity; quality and practicality on the one hand and teachers’ and students’ levels of environmental awareness, knowledge, skills, attitudes and participation as dependent variables on the other hand. These variables network with local factors and external factors as intervening variables to determine the IEE implementation process. The study employed cross-section survey design under the quantitative approach. Probability sampling designs were used to select participants for the study. The target population of this study was public secondary schools, teachers and form 4 students from Machakos Sub-County. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were employed in sampling secondary schools, teachers and students.  Questionnaires were used for data collection. Quantitative data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics. Overall study findings demonstrated that both teachers’ and students’ attitudes towards integrated environmental education in the secondary school curriculum were fairly positive though not adequate enough for effective implementation of IEE in the school curriculum hence, the unyielding environmental degradation in Machakos Sub-County. The study recommended that The Ministry of Education and the relevant urgencies such as KICD, DQAS and KNEC work jointly with school managers to draw an action plan to reinforce and intensify teachers’ and students’ levels of environmental attitudes through pre-service and in-service training, workshops and seminars on contemporary environmental issues. It is also recommended that studies are undertaken to understand those impediments that impede change in teachers’ and students’ environmental attitudes so that useful and practical interventions can be identified.