bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DAIRY-AND-MEAT INDUSTRY OF UKRAINE
Authors: LAGODIIENKO Volodymyr , BOGDANOV Olexander
Published: July 2021

Consumption of dairy and meat products rich in valuable and essential nutrients holds a special place in the diet of the population of all ages. Along with sufficient and balanced consumption of meat and dairy products the issue of their security and quality is no less important. There is a trend of reducing the production volumes of beef and veal, caused by the decrease in demand for this type of meat, which is more expensive than pork and poultry. Industrial enterprises, producing finished meat products on the basis of cattle meat, should choose one of two strategies of resource provision: creation of the own raw material zone due to the local producers and transport links or formation of long-term import contracts. The production of pork and poultry is growing.

Production of sausages and similar products from meat is reducing, which is caused by the fact that a part of households refuses to consume finished meat products with added preservation agents, coloring agents, color stabilizers, flavor intensifiers, soy, protein, etc. Taking this into account, national producers of finished meat products should review the approaches to security and quality of their produce. Otherwise, their main threats will be a further reduction of supply and loss of a market niche.

An acute problem of the national dairy processing industry is the growing deficit of milk raw material. The main reason for insufficient production volumes of milk by agricultural producers is a low purchasing price offered them by national dairy processing enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to stimulate domestic demand for the finished dairy products in order to revitalize investment activity of milk processing enterprises and to increase purchasing prices of milk raw products, in the first place, at the cost of special social care programs for low-income people.

Key words: dairy-and-meat industry, beef and veal, pork, poultry meat, sausages and similar products from meat, gastronomic culture, milk raw materials, deficit, dairy products, milk products, SCSU, purchase prices, food aid.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES OF THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY OF THE REGION
Authors: MASHKANTSEVA Svetlana
Published: July 2021

One of the defining directions of the enterprise logistics system in the transport industry in the region is the organization of its activities, which requires the introduction of new progressive ideas in the enterprise management system. It is advisable to design, implement, apply and develop modern information technologies for the practical implementation of complex theoretical approaches to the transport enterprises management in the region. The purpose of the article is to study the process of information technologies implementation in the management system of the transport industry in the region to create a qualitatively new information environment for the provision of transport services. The current state of transportation companies does not meet the growing needs of society and European quality standards, which requires the creation and implementation of an effective integrated automated management system. The content of each stage of the complex automated system creation of enterprise management in the transport branch is revealed. The project of construction of the management information system, its adjustment and necessary adaptation is being prepared in the course of the stages. The functioning of Qguar TMS (Transport Management System) is considered and its advantages are highlighted. It’s defined that the information management system of a transport enterprise is an interaction of management information, subjects of management activity and information technologies. Formation of a complex system of automation of management of entities of the transport industry is one of the existing directions of use of modern information technologies. The implementation results of the selected management information technology at Qguar TMS (Transport Management System) are evaluated in two directions: the first involves an assessment of the financial and economic performance and effectiveness of an investment project for the implementation of management information technology; the second direction is related to the analysis of changes in indicators that characterize the implementation of client-oriented enterprise development strategy: increase of the customer base, market share, regular customers in the total customer base. Keywords: information technologies; management system; transport industry; region; computerization; logistics systems.
ECONOMIC SECURITY MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES AT THE REGION
Authors: Hmyria Viktoriia , Kucherenko Volodymyr
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this article is to study theoretical approaches to definition of economic essence and directions of economic security formation of agricultural enterprises at the region. Analysis of the theoretical aspects of the research object showed that currently there are different approaches to the economic security interpretation. It is considered as a process of meeting public needs, protection of the state national interests, the economic stability, the state of the national economy, in which the country provides its own sovereignty, a state of protection against a certain type of threats. Certain realities of a market economy require fundamentally new approaches to the formation and increase of efficiency of agrarian enterprises functioning, and thus ensure their economic security.

In the context of the latest scientific dimensions, it has been found out that the economic security of agricultural enterprises is a complex of sophisticated branched processes, methods, tools, levers of influence on activity for the purpose of increasing the economic activity efficiency of entities. In this regard, there are many different opinions regarding the components of enterprises economic security. It is proved that the economic security of enterprises is characterized by certain features in the regional context of their formation and application to agricultural production.

The proposed model Forsythe technology modernization of a regional mechanism of economic security at agricultural enterprises will allow to determine more efficiently the volume of investments, tax burden on the industry and crediting enterprises, depreciation deductions etc., which will effectively affect the activity of the enterprise, and hence ensure its basic – economic security.

Keywords: economic security, agricultural enterprises, natural conditions, fixed assets, information security, financial security.
COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES FOR INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ENTITIES
Authors: Orel Anna
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Ensuring the sustainable development of domestic agricultural producers involves achieving and maintaining a sufficient level of economic efficiency and competitiveness for the implementation of expanded reproduction. This, first of all, implies the formation of an appropriate level of competitiveness through the creation of sustainable competitive advantages of products and manufacturers. This process is impossible without attracting investment resources and introducing innovations in order to create competitive advantages, strengthen market positions and increase the level of concentration of productive capital. The latter necessitates a comprehensive strategic planning, which would be based on the innovative orientation of investment activities.

The purpose of the article is to form theoretical and methodological and applied principles of competitive strategies formation of innovation and investment development of agricultural production entities.

Method (methodology). Methods of comparison, analysis, theoretical and logical generalization are applied in the course of research. The dialectical method of research became the methodological basis.

Results. The author’s vision of the definition of “competitive strategy” is offered in the article. The classification of competitive strategies is developed. A model of a strategic rhombus is proposed as a theoretical basis for determining areas for improving the mechanisms of managing the competitiveness of agribusiness entities, which includes five elements: arena; conductor; differentiators; sequence; economic logic. The proposals of applied character concerning realization of competitive strategies of innovative-investment development of subjects of agricultural production are substantiated.

Key words: competitive strategies, subjects of agricultural production; innovation and investment development; competitiveness management.
Gambaran Perilaku Wanita Hamil dalam Melakukan Antenatal Care saat Pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Rawat Inap Sidomulyo, Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Refiani Diny , Dewi Yulia Irvani , Utami Sri
Published: July 2021

Pandemi COVID-19 sangat berdampak terhadap layanan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA) dengan terjadinya penurunan jumlah kunjungan ibu hamil untuk memeriksakan kehamilan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku ibu hamil dalam melakukan antenatal care (ANC) saat pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian adalah 40 wanita hamil trimester III yang melakukan pemeriksaan ANC dari bulan November 2020 sampai Januari 2021 dengan teknik accidental sampling. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas ibu hamil berumur 20-35 tahun (usia produktif) sebanyak 34 responden (85%), pendidikan terakhir SMA/SMK/MAN sebanyak 21 responden (52,5%) dan mayoritas tidak bekerja sebanyak 26 responden (65%). Perilaku wanita hamil dalam melakukan ANC saat pandemi COVID-19 menunjukkan hasil yang hampir seimbang antara perilaku positif sebanyak 21 responden (52,5%) dan perilaku negatif sebanyak 19 responden (47,5%). Sebagian besar perilaku wanita hamil berdasarkan pedoman pelaksanaan ANC saat pandemi COVID-19 adalah negatif sebanyak 24 responden (60%). Sebagian besar perilaku ibu hamil berdasarkan upaya pencegahan COVID-19 dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan adalah positif sebanyak 25 responden (62,5%). Perilaku wanita hamil dalam melakukan ANC saat pandemi COVID-19 hampir seimbang antara perilaku positif dan perilaku negatif sehingga penting bagi ibu hamil untuk semakin sadar dalam menentukan perilaku yang baik selama hamil sehingga mampu menjalani kehamilan dengan baik, bersalin dengan selamat dan melahirkan bayi yang sehat.
The Effect of Quran Therapy on Reducing Stress Levels of Nursing Students at PSIK UMI Makassar
Authors: Munir Nur Wahyuni , Najihah Najihah , Lutia Trisulawati
Published: July 2021

Stress is the body's reaction to the environment that is considered dangerous. Metabolism and blood circulation become disturbed if the psychiatric feel depressed which can cause illness. This study aims to determine the effect of therapy of the Qur'anic verses on reducing stress levels in nursing students in completing their thesis at the Muslim University of Indonesia. This type of research uses a quasi-experimental with one group pre-post design on 18 respondents using purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used a questionnaire. The statistical test of the paired sample test shows the value of p = 0.042 with ? = 0.05. The results showed that the stress level of students compiling their thesis at the Muslim University of Indonesia decreased from 88.9% to 66.7% after being given therapy for the Qur'anic verses. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of the therapy of Qur'anic verses on reducing stress levels in nursing students in completing theses at Muslim University of Indonesia and there are differences in student stress levels in preparing theses at Indonesian Muslim University before and after receiving verse therapy.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Pengambilan Keputusan Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Intra Uterine Device oleh Pasangan Usia Subur di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Poasia, Kota Kendari
Authors: Sarita Sultina , Syahrianti Syahrianti , Yustiari Yustiari
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan rendahnya keikutsertaan Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) dalam penggunaan alat kontrasepsi Intra Uterine Devices (IUD). Desain penelitian analitik observasional dengan metode cross sectional. Dan populasi penelitian adalah semua PUS yang ada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Poasia, penentuan sampel menggunakan metode accidental bagi PUS yang berkunjung ke Poliklinik KIA/KB Puskesmas Poasia dengan total sampel sebanyak 43 responden. Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan metode uji chi square. Terdapat 14 responden (32,5%) memiliki pengetahuan kurang, 13 responden (30,3%) berpengetahuan cukup dan 16 responden (37,2%) memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang alat kontrasepsi IUD, pada 22 responden (51,3%) pengambilan keputusan dalam memilih alat kontrasepsi IUD melalui diskusi oleh pasangan suami-istri. Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan rendahnya keikutsertaan PUS dalam penggunaan alat kontrasepsi IUD (hasil uji statistik, nilai p 0,02). Ada hubungan antara pengambilan keputusan dengan rendahnya keikutsertaan PUS dalam penggunaan alat kontrasepsi IUD (hasil uji statistik, nilai p 0,04).
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcome of Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma; Retrospective Review
Authors: Shaukat Zunaira , Mansoor Raheela , Shaheen Najma , Sarfraz Saliha , Seher Komal
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. This paper aimed to assess the stage, site, and treatment outcome among rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed from January 2011 to December 2017 of patients that presented to the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, for the management of RMS. Data collection included clinical characteristics, staging, grouping, risk stratification, treatment plan, radiotherapy doses, and treatment outcome. Results: Among 24 subjects, there were a total of 13 (54.2%) males and 11 (45.8%) females. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 2.5 years (range: 0.75 - 17 years). The majority of the subjects (91.7%) were less than 10 years of age. The median follow-up time was 0.6 years. According to the Children's Oncology Group Classification, 4 (16.7%) subjects were classified as low risk, 14 (58.3%) subjects were rated as intermediate risk, and 6 (0.25%) subjects were stratified as high risk. The most common primary tumor site were genitourinary (62.5%) and abdomen/retroperitoneal (20.8%) regions. At the time of analysis, nine (37.5%) subjects had died because of the disease, twelve (50%) were alive with no evidence of disease, and one subject had a recurrence of disease and was alive. One subject had abandoned the therapy, and another was lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Patients with Rhabdomyosarcoma presented at the late stages of the disease, and it most frequently affected genitourinary and abdomen or retroperitoneal areas. Overall, Rhabdomyosarcoma was found to have a poor outcome to therapy.
Sentando las bases para una Arqueología Digital en Argentina. El rol de las infraestructuras digitales para la investigación
Authors: Izeta Andrés , Prado Isabel , Cattáneo Roxana
Published: July 2021

En el marco de las políticas públicas relacionadas con el desarrollo de la Ciencia y Técnica en la Argentina es cada vez más evidente una orientación dirigida a la implementación de un modelo de ciencia abierta basado en la potencialidad ofrecida por los medios digitales. La arqueología no ha sido ajena a esto y consciente o inconscientemente se ha volcado hacia una práctica mediada por “lo digital”. Para este modelo la accesibilidad a los datos primarios y la construcción de infraestructuras digitales para la investigación es prioritario. Siguiendo esta idea se implementó el Repositorio Digital Institucional Suquía centrado en datos arqueológicos. En esta infraestructura digital se incluyen diversos tipos de información con una característica común: su difícil acceso, tanto físico como virtual, en su formato original. Bases de datos, informes, imágenes de excavaciones, de objetos y colecciones arqueológicas, son algunos de los tipos contenidos en el repositorio. Este nuevo tipo de infraestructura se propone como un elemento de cambio en cómo se piensa y realiza la práctica arqueológica, ya que permitirá el uso y reúso de datos generados por financiamiento público tanto para la investigación arqueológica, la gestión del patrimonio y la divulgación científica, como para interesados en la temática.
Guanacos y huemules. Consumo y tecnología ósea en cazadores recolectores durante el Holoceno medio y tardío en la región Fuego-Patagonia
Authors: Kaufmann Cristian , L’Heureux Lorena
Published: July 2021

El libro “Los Artiodáctilos de Fuego-Patagonia (Chile). Explotación alimenticia y su importancia en la tecnología ósea de los cazadores recolectores del Holoceno medio y tardío” de Víctor Sierpe, es una obra que expone de manera profunda, y a la vez concisa, los resultados de una larga y vasta investigación zooarqueológica. En ella se aborda la interacción entre dos grandes mamíferos terrestres sudamericanos: el guanaco (Lama guanicoe guanicoe, Muller 1776) y el huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus, Molina 1782), y las poblaciones cazadoras recolectoras terrestres y marítimas que cohabitaron en el extremo sur de Patagonia desde el Holoceno medio hasta momentos históricos.
Duality Pairs and Homomorphisms to Oriented and Unoriented Cycles
Authors: Guzmán-Pro Santiago , Hernández-Cruz César
Published: July 2021

In the homomorphism order of digraphs, a duality pair is an ordered pair of digraphs $(G,H)$ such that for any digraph, $D$, $G\to D$ if and only if $D\not \to H$. The directed path on $k+1$ vertices together with the transitive tournament on $k$ vertices is a classic example of a duality pair.

In this work, for every undirected cycle $C$ we find an orientation $C_D$ and an oriented path $P_C$, such that $(P_C,C_D)$ is a duality pair. As a consequence we obtain that there is a finite set, $F_C$, such that an undirected graph is homomorphic to $C$, if and only if it admits an $F_C$-free orientation. As a byproduct of the proposed duality pairs, we show that if $T$ is an oriented tree of height at most $3$, one can choose a dual of $T$ of linear size with respect to the size of $T$.
Elucidating the Molecular Anatomy of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase in Brassica Rapa for Evolving Climate-Resilient Interventions to Minimize Carbon Footprints
Authors: Das Chinmaya  Kumar , Nayak Umasankar , Pati Preetinanda
Published: July 2021

Climate change is an emerging threat to food & nutritional security. It adversely affects crop production by altering the gene expression patterns of genes encoding for growth, development, and crop yield. Further, carbon emissions during crop production processes coupled with rapid urbanization & industrialization, and deforestation drive aggravate the climate change problem. Therefore, innovative adaptive measures must be developed in terms of climate-resilient interventions for enhancing productivity by minimizing expanding carbon footprints. In this investigation, we developed molecular models of different components (biotin carboxylase (BC), biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP), and carboxyl transferase (CT)) of an important enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) of Brassica rapa which play a vital role in carbon sequestration in fatty acids and regulation of fatty acid metabolism. We successfully built molecular models of BC, BCCP, CT-α, and CT-β having sufficient degree of reliability and stereochemical quality scores as obtained from the structure validation using PROCHECK, ProSA, Verify3D, and ERRAT. Further, we did a set of molecular docking studies with models of BC, BCCP, and CT (CT-α, CT-β) with their ligands (ATP, biotin, acetyl coenzyme-A) to know the active site residues involved in catalysis reaction using AutoDock-Vina. Our findings on the molecular architecture of different components of ACC in Brassica rapa and ligand binding sites of component proteins from the molecular docking studies will help in two different ways. Firstly, structural information of model would facilitate designing of site-directed mutagenesis based functional genomic studies for comprehending the putative role of ACC in fatty acid biosynthesis, regulation of ACC by light & other molecular players reported in other species such as CTI & PII proteins. Further, functional haplotype markers can be designed using active site information of ACC in Brassica rapa to improve oil content by amalgamating desired set of available genomic variations present in different cultivars and landraces using the molecular breeding programme and genome editing tools. Such findings are potential drivers for minimizing carbon footprints by sequestering carbon in carbon skeletons of fatty acids in minimal input requiring oil-producing crop plants (Brassica rapa).
Women and children's well-being in Indian nuclear families during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rana Richa , Sood Ridhi , Bhardwaj Sonali
Published: July 2021

The culture of living in a nuclear family setting, a norm of modernisation, has been badly shaken by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This hit has created many pauses and changes in women's lives who live in nuclear families with the responsibility of taking care of very young children. Despite the various discussions related to women during the pandemic, there seem to be negligible efforts to understand the lived reality of nuclear family women having the responsibility of child care. The idea of living in this type of family is based on the thinking that it provides ample opportunity to develop individual talents and lead an unrestricted life. However, it can have a very adverse effect on women and children during the pandemic due to the closure of essential support systems such as child care centres and schools. Thus, this situation has a negative effect on the lives of women, which in turn, affects their young children's lives too. This study explored the lived experiences of a purposively selected sample of six women regarding challenges to deal with an office job, domestic work, and child care during the ongoing pandemic. Data were generated by conducting the telephonic semi-structured interview and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results indicate the curtailment of freedom and choices, adverse impact on the mental and physical health of women and their children.
The acquisition of autonomy, through benevolence, of children who are victims of domestic violence
Authors: Andeme Ngui Valandro Priscelle , Chalmel Loïc
Published: July 2021

From its etymology bene (good) and volens (will), benevolence means desire to do well. Benevolence is not an arbitrary notion or a theoretical apprehension. It unquestionably reveals man's humanism, which must combine in its daily practice and management with his fellow human beings and even with himself. In education, benevolence is crucial in mother-child relations. We believe that a mother must be benevolent, at the same time as; a child who has received the love of his mother (or parents) can love himself. This is a prerequisite for the acquisition of independent thought. The true cement of any family unit is the mutual love of all those who are called to live together. Paradoxically, love is not the foundation of all families. Unfortunately, there are dysfunctional families in which there are various and varied forms of violence. Children from this type of environment find themselves victims of abuse with all the possible traumatic consequences. Based on this observation, it is easy to reason by deduction: if family love conditions the acquisition of autonomy and children who are victims of family violence do not benefit from it within their families, then children who are victims of family violence are at a disadvantage in acquiring autonomy, or even that they cannot be autonomous. Thus, one may wonder to bring a child victim of family violence to the acquisition of his autonomy? What tools can be used to help a traumatized child become autonomous? How to rebuild a child who has suffered family trauma with a view to his or her autonomy? This article offers the reader benevolence, not as an instruction manual or prescription to be applied, but as a transferable and impactable posture.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s mental health and wellbeing, and beyond: A scoping review
Authors: Spiteri Jane
Published: July 2021

The major threat of COVID-19 has become a priority to education and health systems worldwide. This scoping review reports on, and analyses, the literature pertaining to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s mental health and wellbeing, and the resources needed to assist them in these difficult times. The findings of this literature review point out the impacts of the pandemic on the mental health and wellbeing of children hailing from different socio-economic backgrounds, as well as the impacts on families and schools. They also highlight how lockdown, quarantine, social distancing, social media and the measures needed to prevent the spread of infection can negatively affect children’s mental health and wellbeing. Consequently, cautionary measures that minimise these impacts on children, and recommendations for policy, research and practice are discussed.
Thermosolutal-Convective Instability In Stern’s Type Configuration
Authors: Kumar Pardeep , Mohan Hari
Published: July 2021

The thermal-convective instability of a stellar atmosphere in the presence of stable solute gradient in Stern’s type configuration is studied in the presence of radiative transfer effect. A criterion for monotonic instability is obtained in terms of the source functions S. The criterion for monotonic instability is found to be unchanged in the presence of radiative transfer and rotation effects. The problem of thermosolutal-convective instability of a hydromagnetic composite medium is also studied to include the frictional effects with neutrals. The criterion derived for monotonic instability in terms of heat-loss function is found to be the same in the presence or absence of the collisional effects.
A IDENTIDADE DO PROFESSOR: HERÓI OU REFÉM DO SEU TEMPO?
Authors: França de Avelar Amélia
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a construção da identidade docente ressaltando o papel do professor diante de uma melhor  ualidade de ensino. Inicialmente aborda-se a construção da identidade docente como um processo contínuo e dinâmico. Num  egundo momento reflete sobre a formação docente destacando que a mesma não se estabelece por meio de acumulação de cursos  u técnicas e por fim faz-se necessário destacar os desafios que dificultam o trabalho docente diante da constante transformação da  ociedade atual. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica fundamentada nos estudos de Carlos Marcelo, Nóvoa, Pimenta, Libâneo e  as  eituras de diferentes artigos sobre a formação e a construção da identidade do professor no Brasil. Essa pesquisa norteia-se pela busca de resposta das seguintes indagações: Qual é na atualidade da educação brasileira os desafios que comprometem a  dentidade docente e a qual a importância da transformação e reconstrução do perfil docente em prol da excelência no ensino?
TKS X: Confirmation of TOI-1444b and a Comparative Analysis of the Ultra-short-period Planets with Hot Neptunes
Authors: Dai Fei , Howard Andrew W. , Batalha Natalie M. , Beard Corey , Behmard Aida , Blunt Sarah , Brinkman Casey L. , Chontos Ashley , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Dalba Paul A. , Dressing Courtney , Fulton Benjamin , Giacalone Steven , Hill Michelle L. , Huber Daniel , Isaacson Howard , Kane Stephen R. , Lubin Jack , Mayo Andrew , Močnik Teo , Akana Murphy Joseph M. , Petigura Erik A. , Rice Malena , Robertson Paul , Rosenthal Lee , Roy Arpita , Rubenzahl Ryan A. , Weiss Lauren M. , Zandt Judah Van , Beichman Charles , Ciardi David , Collins Karen A. , Gonzales Erica , Howell Steve B. , Matson Rachel A. , Matthews Elisabeth C. , Schlieder Joshua E. , Schwarz Richard P. , Ricker George R. , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W. , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Caldwell Douglas A. , Colon Knicole D. , Dragomir Diana , Lund Michael B. , McLean Brian , Rudat Alexander , Shporer Avi
Published: July 2021

We report the discovery of TOI-1444b, a 1.4 R
⊕ super-Earth on a 0.47 day orbit around a Sun-like star discovered by TESS. Precise radial velocities from Keck/HIRES confirmed the planet and constrained the mass to be 3.87 ± 0.71M
⊕. The RV data set also indicates a possible nontransiting, 16 day planet (11.8 ± 2.9M
⊕). We report a tentative detection of phase-curve variation and a secondary eclipse of TOI-1444b in the TESS bandpass. TOI-1444b joins the growing sample of 17 ultra-short-period planets (USPs) with well-measured masses and sizes, most of which are compatible with an Earth-like composition. We take this opportunity to examine the expanding sample of ultra-short-period planets (<2R
⊕) and contrast them with the newly discovered sub-day ultrahot Neptunes (>3R
⊕, >2000F
⊕ TOI-849 b, LTT9779 b, and K2-100). We find that (1) USPs have predominately Earth-like compositions with inferred iron core mass fractions of 0.32 ± 0.04 and have masses below the threshold of runaway accretion (∼10M
⊕), while ultrahot Neptunes are above the threshold and have H/He or other volatile envelopes. (2) USPs are almost always found in multi-planet systems consistent with a secular interaction formation scenario; ultrahot Neptunes (P
orb ≲1 day) tend to be “lonely,” similar to longer-period hot Neptunes (P
orb1–10 days) and hot Jupiters. (3) USPs occur around solar-metallicity stars while hot Neptunes prefer higher metallicity hosts. (4) In all these respects, ultrahot Neptunes show more resemblance to hot Jupiters than the smaller USP planets, although ultrahot Neptunes are rarer than both USPs and hot Jupiters by 1–2 orders of magnitude.
Taking a Long Look: A Two-decade Reverberation Mapping Study of High-luminosity Quasars
Authors: Kaspi Shai , Brandt W. N. , Maoz Dan , Netzer Hagai , Schneider Donald P. , Shemmer Ohad , Grier C. J.
Published: July 2021

Reverberation mapping (RM) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) has been used over the past three decades to determine AGN broad-line region (BLR) sizes and central black hole masses, and their relations with the AGN luminosity. Until recently, the sample of objects with RM data was limited to low-luminosity AGNs (L
opt ≲ 1046 erg s−1) and low redshifts (z ≲ 0.5). Here we present results from an RM project of some of the most luminous and highest-redshift quasars that have been mapped to date. The study is based on almost 20 years of photometric monitoring of 11 quasars, 6 of which were monitored spectrophotometrically for 13 yr. This is the longest RM project carried out so far on this type of AGNs. We successfully measure a time lag between the C iv
λ 1549 broad emission line and the quasar continuum in three objects, and measure a C iii] λ 1909 lag in one quasar. Together with recently published data on C iv RM, the BLR size is found to scale as the square root of the UV luminosity over eight orders of magnitude in AGN luminosity. There is a significant scatter in the relation, part of which may be intrinsic to the AGNs. Although the C iv line is probably less well suited than Balmer lines for determination of the mass of the black hole, virial masses are tentatively computed, and in spite of a large scatter, we find that the mass of the black hole scales as the square root of the UV luminosity.
Radio Emission by Soliton Formation in Relativistically Hot Streaming Pulsar Pair Plasmas
Authors: Benáček Jan , Muñoz Patricio A. , Manthei Alina C. , Büchner Jörg
Published: July 2021

A number of possible pulsar radio emission mechanisms are based on streaming instabilities in relativistically hot electron–positron pair plasmas. At saturation, the unstable waves can, in principle, form stable solitary waves, which could emit the observed intense radio signals. We searched for the proper plasma parameters that would lead to the formation of solitons, and investigated their properties and dynamics as well as the resulting oscillations of electrons and positrons that possibly lead to radio wave emission. We utilized a one-dimensional version of the relativistic particle-in-cell code ACRONYM initialized with an appropriately parameterized one-dimensional Maxwell–Jüttner particle distribution in velocity space to study the evolution of the resulting streaming instability in a pulsar pair plasma. We found that strong electrostatic superluminal L-mode solitons are formed for plasmas with normalized inverse temperatures ρ ≥ 1.66 or relative beam drift speeds with Lorentz factors γ > 40. The parameters of the solitons fulfill the conditions for wave emission. For appropriate pulsar parameters the resulting energy densities of superluminal solitons can reach 1.1 × 105 erg cm−3, while those of subluminal solitons reach only 1.2 × 104 erg cm−3. Estimated energy densities of up to 7 × 1012 erg cm−3 suffice to explain pulsar nanoshots.
Numerical Contour Integration
Authors: Tjoa Erickson
Published: July 2021

We present a straightforward implementation of contour integration by setting options for Integrate and NIntegrate, taking advantage of powerful results in complex analysis. As such, this article can be viewed as documentation to perform numerical contour integration with the existing built-in tools. We provide examples of how this method can be used when integrating analytically and numerically some commonly used distributions, such as Wightman functions in quantum field theory. We also provide an approximating technique when time-ordering is involved, a commonly encountered scenario in quantum field theory for computing second-order terms in Dyson series expansion and Feynman propagators. We believe our implementation will be useful for more general calculations involving advanced or retarded Green’s functions, propagators, kernels and so on.
Clarification on the name-bearing type designation of several cyclophorid species (Mollusca, Gastropoda) by H. H. Godwin-Austen (1915)
Authors: Jirapatrasilp Parin , Ablett Jonathan D. , Panha Somsak , Sutcharit Chirasak
Published: July 2021

The type series boundary and the name-bearing type designation of each cyclophorid taxon originally described by Godwin-Austen are clarified based on an interpretation that complies with the ICZN. Previous statuses of type specimens designated by previous authors are reconsidered. Lectotypes of Spiraculum oakesi Godwin-Austen, 1915, Spiraculum kempi Godwin-Austen, 1915, Pterocyclos aborensis Godwin-Austen, 1915, Pterocyclos miriensis Godwin-Austen, 1915, Pterocyclos brahmakundensis Godwin-Austen, 1915, Spiraculum luyorensis Godwin-Austen, 1915, Spiraculum putaoensis Godwin-Austen, 1915, and Theobaldius oakesi Godwin-Austen, 1915 are here designated to stabilize the existing nomenclature. In addition, the type specimens of Pterocyclos miriensis and Theobaldius oakesi are photographed and figured for the first time.
Création d’un collectif de psychothérapeutes en confinement
Authors: Pereira Bianca , Perez Danielle
Published: July 2021

Nous décrivons ici une expérience de création d’un collectif de consultation psychologique bénévoles créé au début du premier confinement implémenté par les autorités belges pour gérer la pandémie de COVID-19 qui a éclaté en mars 2020. Neuf psychologues et psychothérapeutes d’orientations différentes, dont la plupart ne se connaissaient pas, se sont réuni·es pour mettre en place ce dispositif qui a existé de mars à juin 2020. L’idée derrière sa création était de pouvoir proposer un lieu d’adresse temporaire, le temps que le réseau de la santé mentale trouve les adaptations nécessaires pour faire face aux nouvelles contraintes de la situation. Nous aimerions partager les conclusions et les enseignements de qui furent pour nous riches et intéressants tant d’un point de vue personnel que clinique.
Mobilités et parcours religieux dans l’islam et le christianisme : variations, transformations et transgressions
Authors: Mossière Géraldine , Bava Sophie
Published: July 2021

Appliqué aux phénomènes religieux depuis les années 1990, le concept de mobilité permet de saisir la multiplicité des expressions des croyances, des pratiques et des identifications dans un contexte de mondialisation qui régule autant les circulations que les immobilités des acteurs, des objets et des symboles. Si la mobilité est intrinsèque aux fondements mêmes de la plupart des institutions et traditions religieuses, les recompositions, transformations et tensions qui traversent les expériences contemporaines du religieux affichent des variations dont l’approche empirique, plus que toute autre, peut rendre compte. Nous tentons ici de saisir la complexité des parcours religieux actuels en soulignant les conditions de créativité, les possibilités de transgression et les espaces d’indétermination religieux et sociaux qu’elles offrent. Ce dossier rassemble des travaux issus d’une réflexion collective portant sur les migrations et les mobilités religieuses à partir d’études qualitatives menées dans des milieux chrétien et musulman.
Itinérances d’une prophétesse pentecôtiste guinéo-libérienne à Rabat
Authors: Coyault Bernard
Published: July 2021

La reconfiguration de l’espace migratoire marocain a eu pour effet inattendu l’émergence d’un champ religieux chrétien informel, constitué de petites communautés de migrants localisées dans les quartiers populaires des grandes villes. Cette contribution présente la trajectoire et les pratiques socioreligieuses d’une prophétesse pentecôtiste guinéo-libérienne installée à Rabat depuis 2004. Après avoir présenté son itinéraire depuis le pays d’origine et sa contribution spécifique au repositionnement du réseau des « Églises de maison » vis-à-vis de la société environnante, l’article offre un aperçu de sa pratique rituelle (délivrance) comme lieu de prise en charge de l’infortune et de réorientation du parcours migratoire de jeunes femmes nigérianes victimes de réseaux de prostitution.
Déifier l’âme
Authors: Kermani Navid , Raguet Christian
Published: July 2021

La rencontre d’Ibn Arabi à la Kaaba avec Nizhâm bint Makin ad-Din, sensuellement et intellectuellement séduisante, marque un tournant dans la vie et l’œuvre du grand mystique soufi. À partir de son histoire, l’auteur réfléchit à dynamique de l’anima, à la place de l’ambigüité dans les traditions mystiques, et que Jung évoque notamment à propos de Job. Pour Jung, l’incarnation de Dieu, est un paradigme enraciné dans la psyché humaine en tant que relation entre le Soi et le moi, expression de la structure religieuse de la psyché et de son aspiration à la transcendance.
Ouvrir un cœur fermé : travail clinique centré sur les affects, avec les victimes de traumatismes précoces
Authors: Kalsched Donald E. , Raguet Christian
Published: July 2021

Cet article commence par montrer qu’un traumatisme précoce conduit à de puissantes défenses dissociatives qui nuisent à la capacité à ressentir. Il explore ensuite les moyens de restaurer cette capacité grâce une attention centrée sur le corps quand survient l’affect en situation psychanalytique. En s’appuyant sur l’expérience personnelle de l’auteur quand il était en analyse ainsi que sur un cas de traumatisme précoce grave, il démontre l’effet destructeur de conscience des défenses primitives et indique comment les techniques corporelles sont prometteuses pour restaurer le sentiment de vitalité chez le patient et donc ouvrir l’inconscient à ces images d’affect qui sont les éléments constitutifs de l’imagination humaine. Une dernière partie se concentre sur la négligence des sentiments dans la psychologie jungienne et suggère que « créer de la conscience » (Jung 1962, p. 370), ce que Jung évoque comme « le mythe de [sa] vie » (Ibid., p. 19), est fondamentalement un processus de transformation émotionnelle – consistant à faire prendre conscience de la souffrance inconsciente, en tant que sentiments.
La Psychose, une réponse à la Peur
Authors: Bordeleau Daniel
Published: July 2021

Cet article vise à offrir un modèle de compréhension de l’expérience psychotique, intégrant à une base neurologique des concepts psychologiques utilisés par diverses approches psychothérapeutiques. La pharmacothérapie y occupe une place secondaire, non négligeable. À partir d’une description détaillée de la réponse neuro-physio-psychologique face à la menace/danger, soit le « figer, fuir, foncer » typique et l’émotion de peur comme indice de cette réponse, nous verrons comment l’enchaînement stimulus-réponse s’applique autant à la réponse anxieuse qu’à la solution psychotique. Un continuum est proposé allant de la phobie simple avec son évitement de type comportemental jusqu’à la psychose et son évitement de nature psychique. Dans ce modèle, la psychose constitue une forme d’évitement. Elle fait partie d’un système de protection activé lorsque le patient est « menacé » de ressentir un trauma/souffrance/danger « insupportable ». Les réponses de ce système (isolement, hallucinations, délire, etc.) se produisent de manière automatique. Ces réponses psychiques orientent l’attention du patient et celle des soignants à distance de l’objet véritable de la peur. L’origine du problème demeure donc inconsciente pendant que le patient et les soignants sont « occupés » par une « autre réalité », par une peur attribuée à l’extérieur, résultat de la projection de ce qui demeure dénié à l’intérieur. L’article propose des moyens pratiques illustrés par des exemples permettant de remonter jusqu’à l’objet de la peur à partir du contenu des manifestations psychotiques. Dans le contenu des hallucinations, des phénomènes paranoïdes, des délires et des rêves se trouvent les éléments qui permettent d’éclairer ce qui est évité au moyen de ces manifestations. En pratique, l’identification de l’objet de la peur ne résout pas tout. Il faut aussi que la souffrance suscitée  dans  le patient soit contenue, d’abord  par  le thérapeute, ensuite par le thérapeute  avec  le patient puis  par  le patient lui-même. On peut ainsi espérer que le patient se voie libéré de l’emprise du système de protection contre cet objet. Cette personne peut alors devenir libre de vivre sa propre vie. Ce trajet « idéal » est impossible si le thérapeute ne possède pas une représentation adéquate de ce qui se passe à l’intérieur du patient et entre lui et ce patient. Cet article propose une telle représentation.
L'influence de l'analyse économique du droit sur la lutte contre la corruption internationale : incitation de l'homo economicus à la négociation et « efficience » de la politique pénale
Authors: Vessio Fabien
Published: July 2021

Résumé Il peut être observé, en matière de corruption comme dans d'autres domaines pénaux, un glissement progressif vers un système pénal ouvert à des sanctions négociées et ayant recours à des leviers incitatifs. Le législateur met en balance le risque d'une peine d'amende élevée, à vocation dissuasive, avec la possibilité pour le délinquant de bénéficier de transactions alternatives aux poursuites. Dès lors, il s'agit d'associer « l'incitatif », moderne, économique et consensuel, au « dissuasif », originel, juridique et coercitif. En somme, la politique pénale en matière de corruption internationale repose à la fois sur l'anticipation des choix opérés par un délinquant homo economicus et sur la rationalisation des coûts judiciaires, dans la perspective d'une politique pénale économiquement efficiente.
Droits de l’homme – CEDH
Authors: Rubi-Cavagna Éliette , Zerouki-Cottin Djoheur
Published: July 2021

Selon un comptage réalisé sur l’année 2018, le contrôle de conventionnalité ne représente environ que 0,1 % de l’activité de la Cour de cassation soit une partie très marginale de son activité. Pourtant, les arrêts qui en résultent, parce qu’ils présentent de forts enjeux en termes de droits fondamentaux, sont souvent sous le feu des projecteurs en raison de la publicité dont ils font l’objet par la Cour de cassation elle-même et par la doctrine ensuite. L’année 2020 a été marquée par plusieurs arrêts fondamentaux rendus par la chambre criminelle, qui abordent des questions de sources de droit et d’interactions normatives avec un impact majeur pour les droits fondamentaux.
Redistribution Through Markets
Authors: Dworczak Piotr , Kominers Scott Duke , Akbarpour Mohammad
Published: July 2021

Policymakers frequently use price regulations as a response to inequality in the markets they control. In this paper, we examine the optimal structure of such policies from the perspective of mechanism design. We study a buyer‐seller market in which agents have private information about both their valuations for an indivisible object and their marginal utilities for money. The planner seeks a mechanism that maximizes agents' total utilities, subject to incentive and market‐clearing constraints. We uncover the constrained Pareto frontier by identifying the optimal trade‐off between allocative efficiency and redistribution. We find that competitive‐equilibrium allocation is not always optimal. Instead, when there is inequality across sides of the market, the optimal design uses a tax‐like mechanism, introducing a wedge between the buyer and seller prices, and redistributing the resulting surplus to the poorer side of the market via lump‐sum payments. When there is significant same‐side inequality that can be uncovered by market behavior, it may be optimal to impose price controls even though doing so induces rationing.
Reputation and Sovereign Default
Authors: Amador Manuel , Phelan Christopher
Published: July 2021

This paper presents a continuous‐time model of sovereign debt. In it, a relatively impatient sovereign government's hidden type switches back and forth between a commitment type, which cannot default, and an opportunistic type, which can, and where we assume outside lenders have particular beliefs regarding how a commitment type should borrow for any given level of debt and bond price. In any Markov equilibrium, the opportunistic type mimics the commitment type when borrowing, revealing its type only by defaulting on its debt at random times. The equilibrium features a “graduation date”: a finite amount of time since the last default, after which time reputation reaches its highest level and is unaffected by not defaulting. Before such date, not defaulting always increases the country's reputation. For countries that have recently defaulted, bond prices and the total amount of debt are increasing functions of the amount of time since the country's last default. For countries that have not recently defaulted (i.e., those that have graduated), bond prices are constant.
Les Apaches face à la colonisation et globalisation du réel et de l’imaginaire
Authors: Aragón Falomir Jaime
Published: July 2021

La présente contribution montre les différents mécanismes de différenciation qui ont été instrumentalisés au cours des processus dits de décolonisation du continent américain afin de préserver la domination. À travers l'analyse socio-historique du peuple Apache, nous observons les outils qui ont établi la « ligne abyssale » entre les deux types de population : dominante et dominée. Le cas des Apaches, une nation piégée, racialisée et rejetée par deux États (le Mexique et les États-Unis), nous permet de révéler la manière dont le réel (extermination violente) et l'imaginaire collectif (violence symbolique de la culture populaire) sont colonisés. Nous montrons ainsi que les États-nations ont renforcé la différenciation coloniale et que, parallèlement à la mondialisation, ils ont « chosifié » et caricaturé d'autres peuples que le colon criollo dominant. Cela continue de creuser le fossé qui divise les populations deux siècles après l'indépendance.