bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Do “Mental Health Professionals” Who Are Also or Have Been “Mental Health Service Users” Construct Their Identities?
Authors: Richards Jenna , Holttum Sue , Springham Neil
Published: January 2016

“Mental health professionals” are increasingly speaking out about their own experiences of using mental health services. However, research suggests that they face identity-related dilemmas because social conventions tend to assume two distinct identities: “professionals” as relatively socially powerful and “patients” as comparatively powerless. The aim of this study was, through discourse analysis, to explore how “mental health professionals” with “mental health service user” experience “construct” their identity. Discourse analysis views identity as fluid and continually renegotiated in social contexts. Ten participants were interviewed, and the interviews were transcribed and analyzed. Participants constructed their identity variously, including as separate “professional” and “patient” identities, switching between these in relation to different contexts, suggesting “unintegrated” identities. Participants also demonstrated personally valued “integrated” identities in relation to some professional contexts. Implications for clinical practice and future research are explored. Positive identity discourses that integrate experiences as a service user and a professional included “personhood” and insider “activist,” drawing in turn on discourses of “personal recovery,” “lived experience,” and “use of self.” These integrated identities can potentially be foregrounded to contribute to realizing the social value of service user and other lived experience in mental health workers, and highlighting positive and hopeful perspectives on mental distress.
Sect Culture and Social Service
Authors: Pandya Samta P.
Published: January 2016

This article is based on fieldwork with a branch of the popular Hindu sect, the Swaminarayan, in Gujarat, India. The branch is called the Bochasanwasi Shree Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha (BAPS). It has spread throughout the world. I examine its cultural nuances and its seva, that is, its social service and outreach work. Seva implements the mandate for, and ideology of, social service and entails aspects of volition and institutionalized service. My aim has been to see how the sect culture, which is essentially inward-bonding, undertakes seva within the larger, beneficiary populace. I argue that two aspects of BAPS’s seva are prominent and peculiar to it, namely, perpetuating sect culture and remembrance of the spiritual heads. I propose that seva is a practice of BAPS to enable sect proliferation and create a space for itself in the civil society.
Sustainability and Philanthropic Awareness in Clothing Disposal Behavior Among Young Malaysian Consumers
Authors: Wai Yee Loi , Hassan Siti Hasnah , Ramayah T.
Published: January 2016

Young consumers are the stylish shoppers who have a strong tendency to follow the latest fashion. With the rapid changes in the fashion trends, the overconsumption of clothing has had a significant environmental impact on society. Hence, there is a need to understand how young fashionable consumers are disposing their unwanted clothes. The survey was conducted among 205 young respondents, and the results show that clothing disposal behavior is affected by philanthropic awareness and mediated by the attitude toward clothing disposal. Interestingly, environmental economic factors only influence clothing disposal behavior through the attitude toward the disposal of clothing. The findings provide a valuable insight into the government and related authorities or organizations in developing strategies to encourage young consumers to increase their clothing-recycling rate, and, thus, eliminate the environmental issues in near future.
Emotional Intelligence and Employee Outcomes: Moderating Role of Organizational Politics
Authors: Shrestha Arjun Kumar , Baniya Rojan
Published: January 2016

Drawing from the previous studies, investigating the direct effect of emotional intelligence (EI) on employee outcomes, this study proposed that perceived organizational politics (POP) will be negatively related to EI and will also moderate the relationships between EI and employee outcomes. A total of 229 employees from 27 public and private organizations of Nepal participated in the study. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses. The moderating effect was also tested using the graphical method. Regression results showed significant positive relationships between EI and employee-outcomes—job satisfaction, job involvement, and organizational citizenship behavior. POP was not associated with EI. Assessment of moderating effect showed the moderating effect of POP on the relationship between EI and job satisfaction only. Practical and research implications of the findings are discussed and directions for future research are suggested.
Concentrated Bone Marrow Aspirate for the Treatment of Chondral Injuries and Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Authors: Chahla Jorge , Dean Chase S. , Moatshe Gilbert , Pascual-Garrido Cecilia , Serra Cruz Raphael , LaPrade Robert F.
Published: January 2016

Background:

Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) has emerged as a novel treatment for pathology of the knee. Despite containing a limited number of stem cells, BMAC serves as a source of growth factors that are thought to play an important role as a result of their anabolic and anti-inflammatory effects. To our knowledge, there is no systematic review regarding the outcomes of bone marrow aspirate concentrate used for the treatment of chondral defects and osteoarthritis of the knee.

Purpose:

To perform a systematic review on the outcomes of bone marrow aspirate concentrate for the treatment of chondral defects and osteoarthritis of the knee.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A systematic review of the literature was performed using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and MEDLINE from 1980 to present. Inclusion criteria were as follows: use of BMAC for treatment of chondral defects and osteoarthritis of the knee, English language, and human studies. We excluded cadaveric studies, animal studies, basic science articles, editorial articles, surveys, and studies that did not include the knee. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies were evaluated for efficacy and safety of BMAC for treatment of articular cartilage knee pathologies.

Results:

Eleven studies were considered. Of these, 5 were prospective studies, 1 was a retrospective study, 2 were case series, and 3 were case reports. Three comparative studies (2 with level 2 evidence, 1 with level 3 evidence) were found in our search; none of them were randomized. Three studies investigated the clinical efficacy of BMAC in the treatment of osteoarthritis, and 8 studies evaluated the efficacy of BMAC on focal cartilage injuries. All 3 studies regarding osteoarthritis and all 8 studies regarding focal chondral defects reported good to excellent overall outcomes with the use of BMAC.

Conclusion:

Although a growing interest for biological alternatives of treating knee pathology has been observed in the past few years, there still remains a paucity of high-quality studies. The studies included in this systematic review reported varying degrees of beneficial results with the use of BMAC with and without an additional procedure for the treatment of chondral defects and early stages of osteoarthritis. Most articles present the use of BMAC as a safe procedure and report good results.
Reading Comprehension
Authors: Kendeou Panayiota , McMaster Kristen L. , Christ Theodore J.
Published: January 2016

Reading comprehension is multidimensional and complex. The persistent challenges children, adolescents, and even adults face with reading comprehension call for concerted efforts to develop assessments that help identify sources of difficulties and to design instructional approaches to prevent or ameliorate these difficulties. Doing so requires drawing on extant research to understand the core components and processes of reading comprehension. This article reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the construction of meaning during reading comprehension and derives implications for research, practice, and policy related to instruction and assessment. We focus specifically on the inferential processes that extract meaning from text and the sources of knowledge that facilitate the extraction and construction of meaning.
Transitioning Into Adulthood
Authors: Schneider Barbara , Klager Christopher , Chen I-Chien , Burns Jason
Published: January 2016

The transition to adulthood is not easily marked by specific life events such as completing school, getting married, or having children. Variations in timing and the economic and social pressures associated with the traditional signs of adulthood make young people’s decisions about their futures complex and uncertain. Experiences vary by gender, race, and ethnicity and by social, economic, family, and community resources. Rather than trying to define what adulthood is, institutions such as school and colleges should focus on customizing programs to meet the unique needs of specific populations. Better support systems should focus on the social and emotional needs of young people, to help them plan and execute a successful life course. Promising programs should be studied with more attention to the science of implementation and improvement.
Timing of the loss of Pten protein determines disease severity in a mouse model of myeloid malignancy
Authors: Liu Y. Lucy , Yan Yan , Webster Cody , Shao Lijian , Lensing Shelly Y. , Ni Hongyu , Feng Wei , Colorado Natalia , Pathak Rupak , Xiang Zhifu , Hauer-Jensen Martin , Li Shaoguang , Zhou Daohong , Emanuel Peter D.
Published: January 2016

Key Points

Early postnatal loss of Pten protein in mice with Nf1 haploinsufficiency causes a fatal juvenile myeloproliferative neoplasm. Akt and MAPK activities are elevated in juvenile mice with Nf1 haploinsufficiency and Pten protein loss.
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plant species used by communities around Mabira Central Forest Reserve, Uganda
Authors: Tugume Patience , Kakudidi Esezah K. , Buyinza Mukadasi , Namaalwa Justine , Kamatenesi Maud , Mucunguzi Patrick , Kalema James
Published: January 2016

Background

An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants was carried out in 14 villages adjacent to Mabira Central Forest Reserve (CFR) in Central Uganda between August 2013 and March 2014.

Methods

Information was obtained through interviews using semi- structured questionnaires. Field excursions with traditional healers and herbal medicine collectors were carried out. Descriptive statistics were used to present the data. Fidelity ratios and Informant consensus agreements were calculated.

Results

A total of 190 plant species in 61 families and 152 genera were reported in the treatment of various health conditions. Family Fabaceae was dominant representing 14 % of the plant species documented. Vernonia amygdalina was the preferred species for treating malaria. Leaves (68 %) were the most frequently used parts in preparing herbal remedies. Decoctions (29 %) and oral route (53 %) of administration were commonly used method of herbal medicine preparation and administration respectively. Fifty-eight health conditions grouped in 25 categories were treated using medicinal plants. Informant consensus agreement was highest for blood system disorders (0.9) that included anaemia, hypertension and blood cleansing indicating homogeneity of informant’s knowledge about remedies used. Vernonia amygdalina and Erythrina abyssinica had 100 % fidelity level for treatment of malaria and vomiting respectively.

Conclusion

The diversity of medicinal plant species used and the associated indigenous knowledge are of great value to the local community and their conservation and preservation is paramount. The therapeutic uses of the documented plants provides basic data for further research focused on pharmacological studies and conservation of the most important species.
Coordination of autophagosome–lysosome fusion and transport by a Klp98A–Rab14 complex in Drosophila
Authors: Mauvezin Caroline , Neisch Amanda L. , Ayala Carlos I. , Kim Jung , Beltrame Abigail , Braden Christopher R. , Gardner Melissa K. , Hays Thomas S. , Neufeld Thomas P.
Published: January 2016

Degradation of cellular material by autophagy is essential for cell survival and homeostasis, and requires intracellular transport of autophagosomes to encounter acidic lysosomes through unknown mechanisms. Here, we identify the PX-domain-containing kinesin Klp98A as a new regulator of autophagosome formation, transport and maturation in Drosophila. Depletion of Klp98A caused abnormal clustering of autophagosomes and lysosomes at the cell center and reduced the formation of starvation-induced autophagic vesicles. Reciprocally, overexpression of Klp98A redistributed autophagic vesicles towards the cell periphery. These effects were accompanied by reduced autophagosome–lysosome fusion and autophagic degradation. In contrast, depletion of the conventional kinesin heavy chain caused a similar mislocalization of autophagosomes without perturbing their fusion with lysosomes, indicating that vesicle fusion and localization are separable and independent events. Klp98A-mediated fusion required the endolysosomal GTPase Rab14, which interacted and colocalized with Klp98A, and required Klp98A for normal localization. Thus, Klp98A coordinates the movement and fusion of autophagic vesicles by regulating their positioning and interaction with the endolysosomal compartment.
Structural basis for the endoribonuclease activity of the type III-A CRISPR-associated protein Csm6
Authors: Niewoehner Ole , Jinek Martin
Published: January 2016

Prokaryotic CRISPR–Cas systems provide an RNA-guided mechanism for genome defense against mobile genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids. In type III-A CRISPR–Cas systems, the RNA-guided multisubunit Csm effector complex targets both single-stranded RNAs and double-stranded DNAs. In addition to the Csm complex, efficient anti-plasmid immunity mediated by type III-A systems also requires the CRISPR-associated protein Csm6. Here we report the crystal structure of Csm6 from Thermus thermophilus and show that the protein is a ssRNA-specific endoribonuclease. The structure reveals a dimeric architecture generated by interactions involving the N-terminal CARF and C-terminal HEPN domains. HEPN domain dimerization leads to the formation of a composite ribonuclease active site. Consistently, mutations of invariant active site residues impair catalytic activity in vitro. We further show that the ribonuclease activity of Csm6 is conserved across orthologs, suggesting that it plays an important functional role in CRISPR–Cas systems. The dimer interface of the CARF domains features a conserved electropositive pocket that may function as a ligand-binding site for allosteric control of ribonuclease activity. Altogether, our work suggests that Csm6 proteins provide an auxiliary RNA-targeting interference mechanism in type III-A CRISPR–Cas systems that operates in conjunction with the RNA- and DNA-targeting endonuclease activities of the Csm effector complex.
EEG correlates of social interaction at distance
Authors: Giroldini William , Pederzoli Luciano , Bilucaglia Marco , Caini Patrizio , Ferrini Alessandro , Melloni Simone , Prati Elena , Tressoldi Patrizio E.
Published: January 2016

This study investigated EEG correlates of social interaction at distance between twenty-five pairs of participants who were not connected by any traditional channels of communication.

Each session involved the application of 128 stimulations separated by intervals of random duration ranging from 4 to 6 seconds. One of the pair received a one-second stimulation from a light signal produced by an arrangement of red LEDs, and a simultaneous 500 Hz sinusoidal audio signal of the same length. The other member of the pair sat in an isolated sound-proof room, such that any sensory interaction between the pair was impossible.

An analysis of the Event-Related Potentials associated with sensory stimulation using traditional averaging methods showed a distinct peak at approximately 300 ms, but only in the EEG activity of subjects who were directly stimulated. However, when a new algorithm was applied to the EEG activity based on the correlation between signals from all active electrodes, a weak but robust response was also detected in the EEG activity of the passive member of the pair, particularly within 9 – 10 Hz in the Alpha range. Using the Bootstrap method and the Monte Carlo emulation, this signal was found to be statistically significant.
Specifics of Assessing the Innovative Development of the Region and the Enterprise
Authors: Дрошнев  , Droshnev Vyacheslav
Published: January 2016

As a result of crisis, fixed capital is depreciated, moral and physical depreciation

of material resources is accelerated, and thus the need for modernization

in production and technical as well as technological and administrative spheres

is thoroughly confirmed.

The ongoing crisis calls for the need to cardinally transform and update the

existing production and technological base, and to introduce production of new

and the most effective mechanisms and machines, as well as ways and

technologies in production and management spheres at all the three levels, from

the enterprise level to the level of the region and to the nationwide level.

The active creation and introduction of innovations would help to stimulate inflow

of investments, expand production and increase management efficiency at all

levels concerned. Development of various crisis phenomena in Russia calls for the

necessity to shift the economy to innovative development mode. The innovative

component is considered an the integral part of the effective and dynamic

development of the national economy.

The innovative approach has been announced as the major goal by the nation’s

leadership. In 2008 the president of the Russian Federation pointed out the need

to use effectively the following five major tools, namely, the intellectual power,

innovations, institutions, investments and infrastructure. State regulation measures

aimed at the development of innovative activities for the purpose of ensuring

national security in the sphere of science, technologies and educations were

enacted in 2009, when the “Strategy of national security of the Russian Federation

till 2020” was adopted to help form the basis for the state regulation measures

in the sphere of elaboration of the national-wide and regional innovative policy.

For the purpose of ongoing assessment of the innovative activity results the

Association of innovative regions of Russia has been created. The specifics of

national and regional monitoring are defined, as well as ways to monitor innovative

activities of an individual enterprise. The author proves the necessity for complex

assessment of innovative activities in terms of boosting efficiency of performance

and higher competitiveness of an individual enterprise and the region as a whole.
The Realization of China Chamber of Commerce Rule by Law Modernization Under the Market Economy
Authors: Сюй  , W. Xu , Янь  , H. Yan
Published: January 2016

China chamber of commerce rule by law modernization is a great and systematic

project. To fully understand and grasp the overall strategic deployment of rule

by law modernization, highlight the fundamental properties and the existence

value of chamber of commerce, we should put it on the important position

of social member management system, clear its independent and important

position in the construction of rule by law society. Only each part of society

coordinated including chamber of commerce, it could achieve a new level

of highly civilized norms and coordinated rule by law modernization. Primary

task in the field of chamber of commerce in rule by law modernization, should

accurately clarify chamber of commerce organization self-discipline function,

specific legal connotation, refined the form of self-discipline, clarify the objective

standard of responsibility, improve the standard safeguard measures. Selfdiscipline

management and constraint is the core value of chamber of commerce

as social composition department, reflects the essential claims of modern

sociology of law. Discipline more reflects the respect, trust and tolerance

of society to main market players, looking forward to them really realize social

self-management based on recognizing national law and trade practice.

The self-discipline of Chamber of commerce, still need to establish the boundaries

between the market and non-market organization, correctly handle the relationship

between serving members and market main body. To keep the target of core

value realized, and get the purpose of maintain the fundamental interests of main

market players, improve the professional quality of businessman, we should

strength its service function. The basic sign of rule by law modernization is that

legal system of the chamber of commerce scientific planned and strictly carried

out. So achieve modernization of rule by law must focus on perfecting corporate

governance structure of chamber of commerce, and standardize the duty system.

Perfecting the unified mutual aid system of organization, running in accordance

with the law, under the powerful supervision and constraint system. Among them,

the chamber of commerce legislation system is very important.
Studying Formation of Technological Modes in the Economy of Canada
Authors: Шишкин  , Shishkin Andrey
Published: January 2016

The paper analyzes how the dates of transition of technological modes are formed, based on the Kondratieff cycles. The study comprises the historical period of 1870–2008. For the mentioned period it is possible to identify the dates of transition to the next technological mode with clear reference to the concrete data, concerning the third, the fourth, the fifth and the sixth technological modes. As the study shows, the use of Kondratieff cycles makes it is possible to clarify exact dates of technological modes shifts for certain time periods. This, in turn, makes it possible to construct predictive models to identify how much time will it take for the next technological mode to origin and also the terms of shift to the next mode, with reference to the exact dates.
The Results of Studying Long Economic Waves in the Kingdom of Denmark Economy
Authors: Аверина  , Averina Tatyana , Левкина  , Levkina Nataliya
Published: January 2016

The paper presents the research results of Kondratieff cycles in the economy

of Denmark based on the real per capita GDP dynamics over the period of 1820–

2008. The use of economic and mathematical modeling allowed to define the

chronological frameworks of the third, the fourth and the fifth waves of economic

cycles with the 50-years period.
The systemic hemodynamics parameters change while subcutaneous and intragastric administration of cobalt
Authors: Кабисов  , Kabisov O. , Брин  , Brin Vadim , Оганесян  , Oganesyan David
Published: January 2016

The administration of the heavy metal cobalt to animals leads to an increase in mean arterial pressure, despite the decline in stroke and cardiac indices. Toxic effect of cobalt is manifested in hypertension hypotonic type. Just noted that the route of administration of the metal does not affect the parameters of systemic hemodynamics.
Predictive value of bactericidal protein, raising the permeability of cells in development of complications in newborns with congenital intestinal obstruction
Authors: Хоранова  , Khoranova T. , Черткоева  , Chertkoeva Mayya
Published: January 2016

One antimicrobial endogenous proteins, cell permeability-enhancing protein is bactericidal. The level of bactericidalprotein in the blood of 10 infants with congenital surgical pathology after 3 days had a pronounced growth, decreasing gradually on day 7 and further to 14 days after surgery. In 14 children without complications, its level in the blood at day 3 did not change. Changing the concentration of bactericidal protein in infants with congenital surgical pathology of the gastrointestinal tract is a sensitive marker in predicting the development of postoperative complications.
The transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells in rats with acute rhabdomyolysiscaused kidney tubular necrosis
Authors: Еналдиева  , Enaldieva Dinara , Дзахова  , Dzakhova Galina , Цуциева  , Tsutsieva A. , Цебоева  , Tseboeva Alina , Кокаев  , Kokaev Romesh , Бибаева  , Bibaeva Larisa
Published: January 2016

The aim of a given work was investigation of stem cell therapy for acute rhabdomyolysis-caused kidney injury in an experiment induced by intramuscular injection of 50% glycerol (0,8 ml per 100 g of body weight). Results of experiment showed that in experimental animals with therapeutic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from the human placenta the glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption was less decrease, than at control group. Protein excretion in experimental group was higher than normal values only on the 3rd day of experiment, in other time its was closed to normal values, unlike control group at which all time of experiment the excretion of protein was almost twice higher than normal values. Thus, transplantation of MSCs to the animal with toxic kidney injury effectively restores renal function in comparison.
Cataract surgery and glaucoma – simultaneously or sequentially?
Authors: Короев  , Koroev Oleg , Короев  , Koroev Aleksey
Published: January 2016

We analyzed the results of the single- and the two-stage glaucoma and cataract surgery. We observed the results of the cataract extraction at 120 patients (120 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma, who were operated for glaucoma previously and 120 patients (120 eyes) who undergone single-stage operation. Many patients had comorbid eye diseases as well as somatic comorbidity except for glaucoma and cataract. 44,6% of the patients had high visual acuity in a long period of time. The second patients group had the highest visual acuity. The patients of the first group showed low intraocular pressure. The outflow of aqueous humor index was at a sufficiently high level. In the majority of cases the results depend on the stage of the glaucomatous process. Single-stage cataract and glaucoma surgery is helpful for the glaucomatous process stabilization in the patients for a long period of time after the operation. The two-stage operation gives some better results for a long period of time after the operation.
Wound dressing following primary total hip arthroplasty: a prospective randomised controlled trial
Authors: Siddiqui M. , Bidaye A. , Baird E. , Abu-Rajab R. , Stark A. , Jones B. , Ingram R. , Anthony I.
Published: January 2016

Objective:

This study compared three methods of surgical wound dressing in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty to determine their effect on wound leakage.

Method:

Total hip arthroplasties were randomised to 3 groups: 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (Dermabond-Ethicon Inc, G) with Opsite (Smith & Nephew; O) [G+O], 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with Tegaderm (3M; T) [G+T], and Opsite without 2-octyl cyanoacrylate [O]. Postoperative wound leakage was assessed and graded daily until discharge, the frequency of the dressing changes was also recorded. Patients were clinically reviewed at three months to assess cosmesis of their surgical scar and wound complications.

Results:

In all 211 total hip arthoplasties were included. A greater proportion of patients’ dressings remained dry on day 1 postoperatively in the two groups using 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (G+O and G+T) compared to the no glue group (O; p=0.0001). The G+T group had a significantly lower proportion of patients with increased leakage of wounds on days 2 and 3 postoperatively compared with both G+O and O groups (p=0.0043). The overall rate of dressing change for G+O was 8%, G+T 5%, and O 13%. Overall wound cosmesis was similar in all groups (p=0.690).

Conclusion:

The reduction in frequency of dressing changes coupled with low levels of wound leakage observed using the combination of the glue and nonabsorbent dressings (O+T), makes this combination of wound closing products ideal for facilitating enhanced recovery and early discharge programmes in elective hip arthroplasty.
Biomarkers for wound healing and their evaluation
Authors: Patel S. , Maheshwari A. , Chandra A.
Published: January 2016

A biological marker (biomarker) is a substance used as an indicator of biological state. Advances in genomics, proteomics and molecular pathology have generated many candidate biomarkers with potential clinical value. Research has identified several cellular events and mediators associated with wound healing that can serve as biomarkers. Macrophages, neutrophils, fibroblasts and platelets release cytokines molecules including TNF-α, interleukins (ILs) and growth factors, of which platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) holds the greatest importance. As a result, various white cells and connective tissue cells release both matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Studies have demonstrated that IL-1, IL-6, and MMPs, levels above normal, and an abnormally high MMP/TIMP ratio are often present in non-healing wounds. Clinical examination of wounds for these mediators could predict which wounds will heal and which will not, suggesting use of these chemicals as biomarkers of wound healing. There is also evidence that the application of growth factors like PDGF will alleviate the recuperating process of chronic, non-healing wounds. Finding a specific biomarker for wound healing status would be a breakthrough in this field and helping treat impaired wound healing.
GOMES, Pedro Marques (2014). Saneamentos Políticos no Diário e Notícias: Verão Quente de 75
Authors: Miranda João
Published: January 2016

https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-6019_1_9
Esmolol vs. nitroglycerin: attenuating hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation
Authors: Held Cassie
Published: January 2016

Hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation is a common occurrence with the potential for harmful effects. Many drugs have been utilized throughout the years to attenuate this response with mixed results. This review compares the efficacy of two drugs, esmolol and nitroglycerin, in attenuating hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. A systematic review was performed compiling all previous studies detailing the efficacy of esmolol in comparison to nitroglycerin for this purpose. Esmolol was found to consistently attenuate hemodynamic responses of blood pressure and heart rate with greater efficacy than nitroglycerin, and is thus recommended over nitroglycerin for use in this role.
Environmentální výuka s ohledem na vnímání krajiny a její emocionální působení v kontextu dopravních staveb
Authors: Neubergová Kristýna
Published: January 2016

The paper is focused on teaching environmental subjects at the Faculty of Transportation Sciences at the Czech Technical University in Prague. Every transport construction affects the territory through which it passes and therefore it is necessary that the surrounding area has been taken into account already in the proposal itself. There are environmental courses at the Faculty of Transportation Sciences: the first (Landscape Protection) was opened in the academic year 1993/94, when the Faculty in Prague was established. The paper evaluates the course paying particular attention to the perception of landscape and its emotional impact in the context of transport structures. This contribution summarizes the various environmental subjects and their specific contents. Furthermore, the article looks at project-oriented teaching and the distribution of bachelor and masters theses based on their thematic focus. The text then discusses the benefits of outdoor lessons for students.
Možnosti zapojenia žiakov do praktickej ochrany prírody v rámci akcie „Pomoc ropuchám pri jarných migráciách“ na Železnej studienke v Bratislave (1986 – 2015)
Authors: Lehotská Blanka , Magyarics Alena
Published: January 2016

The paper presents one of the possibilities of the involvement of school children in practical nature conservation. It deals with the conservation issue of migrating amphibians. Based on 30 years of experience in protection of the common toad (Bufo bufo) population nin the Železná studienka locality in Bratislava, it specifies how to involve pupils in particular activities. At the same time it emphasizes the positive impact of school children participation in these activities on their knowledge level and attitude to nature conservation and environment protection. In Slovakia and the Czech Republic the number of sites is recorded where an annual mortality of protected animals is observed. This contribution is a guide and inspiration for teachers to show that pupils can work alongside them tocontribute to changing this situation.
Hodnoty v opravdovém světě
Authors: Binka Bohuslav , Činčera Jan , Černý Martin
Published: January 2016

The paper analysis how the Schwartz’ theory of universal values promoted in the Real World Learning Model might be applied in educational practice. In its first part it introduces the Schwartz’ theory and its basic assumptions. In the second part it presents its critical reflection based on works of Pareto and Sorel. As they argue, the theory is too “optimistic” as it does not presuppose the ability of value of power to “mask” itself for other values. On the basis of this criticism, the paper discusses possible risks of non-reflected effort to force values of univerzalism or benevolence in education by the means of power discourse, and recommends an open self-reflection of a teacher as a prevention of such a risk.
Úvodník 2015/X/4
Authors: Dlouhá Jana
Published: January 2016

Editorial of chief editor
Utilizing Hollow-Structured Bamboo as Natural Sound Absorber
Authors: Putra Azma , Khair Fazlin Abd , Nor Mohd Jailani Mohd
Published: January 2016

Studies to find alternative low environmental-impact materials for acoustic absorbers are still progressing, particularly those originated from natural materials. However, most of the established works are mainly focused on the fibrous-type absorbers. Discussion on the non-fibrous-type absorbers is still lacking and this therefore becomes the objective of this paper. Use of bamboo by utilizing its hollow structure to absorb sound energy is discussed here. The normal incidence absorption coefficient was measured based on the length and diameter of the bamboo, as well as different arrangement of the bamboo structure subjected to the incidence sound, namely, axial, transverse, and crossed-transverse arrangements. The trend of absorption coefficient appears in peaks and dips at equally spacing frequencies. For all arrangements the peak of absorption can reach above 0.8. Introducing an air gap behind the bamboo shifts the peak absorption to lower frequency. Covering the front surface of the absorber improves the sound absorption coefficient for axial arrangement by widening the frequency range of absorption also towards lower frequency range. The transverse arrangement is found to have average absorption coefficient peaks of 0.7 above 1.5 kHz. By arranging the bamboo structure with crossed-transverse arrangement, the suppressed absorption peaks in normal transverse arrangement can be recovered.
Genetic variation within and among asexual populations of Porphyra umbilicalis Kützing (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) in the Gulf of Maine, USA
Authors: Eriksen Renée L. , Green Lindsay A. , Klein Anita S.
Published: January 2016

The intertidal marine red alga Porphyra umbilicalis reproduces asexually in the Northwest Atlantic. We looked for population substructure among typical open-coastal and atypical estuarine habitats in seven asexual populations of P. umbilicalis from Maine to New Hampshire using eight expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeats (EST-SSR) or microsatellite loci. Six genotypes were identified, four of which may represent recombinant genotypes from a recombination event that took place locally, or that took place prior to introduction to the Northwest Atlantic. Genotypic diversity was lowest in a population from Wiscasset, Maine, which inhabits an atypical habitat high in the intertidal zone of a bridge piling in an estuarine tidal rapid. Genotypic diversity was highest in the southernmost populations from New Hampshire; we identified two genotypes that were unique to the southernmost populations, and probably represent the most derived genotypes. We looked at genetic distances among populations in similar habitats, and found that populations were more closely related to their closest neighboring population than to a population in a similar habitat. We show that genotypic diversity within P. umbilicalis populations in the Gulf of Maine is relatively high and thus fits a model of high steady-state variation within asexual populations.
Multiple qualitative and quantitative methods for free light chain analysis are necessary as first line tests for AL amyloidosis
Authors: Sečník Peter , Honsová Eva , Jabor Antonín , Lavríková Petra , Franeková Janka
Published: January 2016

The objective of this study was to demonstrate the necessity of using different methods for amyloidogenic light chain detection. Serum and urine agarose gel electrophoresis and immunofixation, as well as serum free light chain (FLC) immunoassay measurements, were evaluated in a patient with verified multiple myeloma and consequent AL amyloidosis confirmed by Congo red staining and immunofluorescence techniques. Conventional chemistry tests [serum and urine electrophoresis (SPE and UPE); serum and urine immunofixation (SIFE and UIFE)] were inconclusive. Only quantitative FLC immunoassay (serum free light chain immunoanalysis, SFLC) provided correct diagnostic information. A combination of gel-based SIFE and UIFE with more novel quantitative FLC immunoassays appears necessary when searching for monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain-related diseases.
New records of Isothrix (Wagner 1845) (Rodentia: Echimyidae) from Ecuador
Authors: Cadena-Ortiz Héctor , Alexis Barahona-V. , Brito Jorge
Published: January 2016

We report two new records for an arboreal rat of the genus
Crystal structure of (E)-2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylonitrile)
Authors: De-La-Torre Pedro , Gutierrez Margarita , Caballero Julio , Trilleras Jorge , Astudillo Luis , Cardenas Alejandro , Brito Ivan
Published: January 2016

C15H9N3S, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.5737(5) Å, b = 12.0958(4) Å, c = 12.2705(7) Å, α = 64.083(5) Å, β = 80.907(4) Å, γ = 82.800(4), V = 1259.44(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0460, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.140, T = 293(2) K.
Risk assessment of heavy metals in children’s playgrounds in the Rabka Zdrój health resort / Zagrożenie metalami ciężkimi na placach zabaw w uzdrowisku dziecięcym Rabka - Zdrój
Authors: Kicińska Alicja , Klimek Agnieszka
Published: January 2016

The problem of exposing to toxins in places frequented by people (especially children) for a longer time is an important aspect of environmental studies. Therefore, in Rabka-Zdrój, one of children health resorts, the contents of nine heavy metals, with a special focus on Cd, Pb and Zn, were determined in soils, grass, sands and dusts. The highest concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn occur in soil samples: 2-3, 32-48 and 33-291 mg∙kg-1, respectively. Slightly lower are the concentrations in the sands taken from sandboxes: 1-3, 25-36 and 7-20 mg∙kg-1 of Cd, Pb and Zn, respectively. In the grass, commonly growing in playground areas, the average concentrations of the metals are: 1.8, 20 and 60 mg∙kg-1 of Cd, Pb and Zn, respectively. While the contents of the three metals in soils and sands do not exceed natural concentrations, the contents of Cd and Pb in grass exceed the values considered natural. The urban atmospheric dusts, suspected to be the major source of pollution, were analysed for the three metals. Their ranges (in mg∙kg-1) are: 6-15 for Cd, 80-215 for Pb and 104-260 for Zn. The lowest effects of pollution characterise the playground in the park no. III located in Orkana Street, whereas the highest the playground in the park no. I located in Parkowa Street. However, in none of the locations, the levels of Cd, Pb and Zn exceed the potentially harmful elements (PHE) considered as threatening the health and even life of children.
Particular aspects of cerebral metastases secondary to malignant melanoma in comparison with other brain metastases
Authors: Pruna Viorel Mihai , Gorgan M.R.
Published: January 2016

Authors present a retrospective study of 427 patients with brain metastases admitted and treated in third and fourth neurosurgical departments of Emergency Clinical Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” Bucharest, from January, 2005 until December, 2014. 62.1% of all patients were men and 37.9% were women, with a medium age of 56.8 years, ranging between 17 and 85 years. 311 patients (72.8%) had a single metastasis, 79 patients (18.5%) developed 2 or 3 metastases and 37 patients (8.7%) had more than 3 metastases. The biggest four metastases in multiple cases were noted in database regarding location, either reported to left / right hemisphere, either related to site (frontal parietal etc.), and dimensions. In the case of malignant melanoma (22 men and 24 women) the status of the primary tumor was noted: the malignant melanoma was operated in 32 cases (69.6%) and in 7 patients (15.2%) the primary tumor was not operated. In another 7 cases the status of the primary tumor was not noted. The most frequent location for malignant melanoma was the legs in women and anterior thorax in men. In conclusion, cerebral metastases from malignant melanoma have most frequent intratumoral hemorrhages, comparative with other primary sources. Common primary sites founded in this study is legs in women and anterior thorax in men. Treatment of cerebral metastases is complex, multimodal, implying neurosurgeons, oncologists and radiotherapists.
Methylated circulating tumor DNA in blood: power in cancer prognosis and response
Authors: Warton Kristina , Mahon Kate L , Samimi Goli
Published: January 2016

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the plasma or serum of cancer patients provides an opportunity for non-invasive sampling of tumor DNA. This ‘liquid biopsy’ allows for interrogations of DNA such as quantity, chromosomal alterations, sequence mutations and epigenetic changes, and can be used to guide and improve treatment throughout the course of the disease. This tremendous potential for real-time ‘tracking’ in a cancer patient has led to substantial research efforts in the ctDNA field. ctDNA can be distinguished from non-tumor DNA by the presence of tumor-specific mutations and copy number variations, and also by aberrant DNA methylation, with both DNA sequence and methylation changes corresponding to those found in the tumor. Aberrant methylation of specific promoter regions can be a very consistent feature of cancer, in contrast to mutations, which typically occur at a wide range of sites. This consistency makes ctDNA methylation amenable to the design of widely applicable clinical assays. In this review, we examine ctDNA methylation in the context of monitoring disease status, treatment response and determining the prognosis of cancer patients.
LPS-mediated effects and spatio-temporal expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the bovine corpus luteum
Authors: Lüttgenau J , Herzog K , Strüve K , Latter S , Boos A , Bruckmaier R M , Bollwein H , Kowalewski M P
Published: January 2016

When given intravenously (iv), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) transiently suppresses the structure and function of the bovine corpus luteum (CL). This is associated with increased release of prostaglandin (PG) F2α metabolite. The underlying regulatory mechanisms of this process remain, however, obscure. Therefore, the aims of this study were: i) to investigate the expression of the LPS receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and 2 (TLR2) in the bovine CL during early, mid- and late luteal phases; and ii) to further dissect the mechanisms of LPS-mediated suppression of luteal function. As revealed by semi-quantitative qPCR and immunohistochemistry, both receptors were detectable throughout the luteal lifespan. Their mRNA levels increased from the early toward the mid-luteal phase; no further changes were observed thereafter. The TLR4 protein seemed more highly represented than TLR2. The cellular localization of TLRs was in blood vessels; weaker signals were observed in luteal cells. Additionally, cows were treated either with LPS (iv, 0.5 μg/kg BW) or with saline on Day 10 after ovulation. Samples were collected 1200 h after treatment and on Day 10 of the respective subsequent (untreated) cycle. The mRNA expression of several possible regulatory factors was investigated, revealing the suppression of PGF2α receptor (PTGFR), STAR protein and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, compared with controls and subsequent cycles. The expression of TLR2 and TLR4, interleukin 1α (IL1A) and 1β (IL1B) and of PGF2α and PGE2 synthases (HSD20A and mPTGES respectively) was increased. The results demonstrate the presence of TLR2 and TLR4 in the bovine CL, and implicate their possible involvement in the deleterious effects of LPS on its function.
“Ni la presencia ni la ausencia”: el concepto de representación y sus implicaciones
Authors: Ruiz Moscardó Javier
Published: January 2016

El presente trabajo plantea un análisis histórico-filosófico del ambivalente concepto de representación política. Partiendo de la concepción tradicional según la cual puede definirse la representación como la presencia de una ausencia, desgranaremos las diferentes visiones de este concepto que han propuesto las diversas tradiciones políticas –la democrática, la liberal y la revolucionaria– así como las implicaciones en varios órdenes que arrastra cada una.http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/ag.35.1.2260
Pengaruh Sistem Manajemen Mutu ISO 9001:2008 dan Partisipasi Penyusunan Anggaran Terhadap Kinerja Manajerial
Authors: Umiyati U.
Published: January 2016

The Effect of Quality Management System ISO 9001: 2008 and Budget Participation on Managerial PerformanceThe objective of this research is to analyze and to prove empirical evidence regarding with the influence of the application of quality management system of ISO 9001:2008 and the budget participation towards the improvement of managerial performance in State Islamic University (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. The technique that used in this research is multiple linier regression. The result of this research proves the hypothesis build up before this research, that there significant influence between quality management system of ISO 9001:2008 and the budget participation towards the managerial performance, both through parameter test and simultaneous test. It shows that the application of quality system management ISO 9001:2008 and the budget participation done by State Islamic University (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, influence the improvement of its managerial performanceDOI: 10.15408/etk.v14i1.2265
Potensi Kebangkrutan Pada Sektor Perbankan Syariah Untuk Menghadapi Perubahan Lingkungan Bisnis
Authors: Ihsan Dwi Nuraini , Kartika Sharfina Putri
Published: January 2016

Potential Bankruptcy On Islamic Banking Sector Facing Business Environmental Changes This research aims is to evaluate the soundness of Islamic banks and to predict the bankruptcy potency from the Islamic banks. The methods that used on this paper are RGEC method and the modified altman z-score analysis. The RGEC is represents by NPF, LR, risk profile, ROA, NCOM, and CAR. The altman z-score is represents by the ratio of networking capital to total asset, retained earning to total asset, earning before interest and tax to total asset, and book value of equity to book value of debt. The result shown that the Islamic bank’s soundness used RGEC methods is fit into healthy category in 2010-2014 periods.  The altman z-score also show that the Islamic banks fit into safe zone in 2010-2014 periods.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v14i2.2268