bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pembuatan Paving Block Dinding Beton Berbahan Baku Abu Boiler Limbah Sawit Sebagai Pengganti Parsial Pasir
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Veronika Nina
Published: March 2023

Indonesia as the largest palm oil producer in the world has problems with the amount of solid waste such as boiler ash that has not been utilized properly. This study aims to determine the effect of boiler ash on the resulting paving blocks and obtain the best paving block characteristics. Utilization of boiler ash from burning palm oil waste as a partial substitute for sand in the manufacture of concrete wall paving blocks is carried out in several stages of work, namely the stages of sifting samples, mixing, molding, drying and testing the resulting product. The making of concrete wall paving blocks is done by varying the boiler ash in the composition of the concrete mixture with the ratio of cement to boiler ash, namely 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5. Based on the results of characteristic testing that will be carried out on the concrete wall paving block products, which include compressive strength and absorption, the best results are obtained from the 1:1 treatment with the following characteristics: absorption capacity of 19.73% and compressive strength of 5.7 Mpa
Perancangan Sistem Penyiraman Tanaman Otomatis
Authors: Ridwan Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Fertile soil is a prerequisite for plants to grow well. Fertility level can be influenced by the intensity of the water it contains. In order for plants to grow properly, watering needs to be done every time and continuously. This tool aims to replace manual work to automatic. The benefit of this tool is that it can facilitate human work in watering plants. This tool uses a soil moisture sensor that functions as a soil moisture detector and sends commands to Arduino nano to turn on the relay driver so that the pump can flush water according to the needs of the soil automatically.
Uji Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Pulp dari Pelepah dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa sawit
Authors: Hariani Razita , Khairiah Hanifah
Published: March 2023

— Pelepah  dan tandan kosong keapa sawit merupakan limbah organik utama yang  banyak dihasilkan dari aktifitas pruning di perkebunan sawit. Kandungan selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin pada pelepah kelapa sawit yang tertsedia memiliki potensi yang tinggi untuk dijadikan produk yang bernilah tambah. Salah satunya adalah sebagai bahan baku pengganti kayu untuk membuat pulp. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat fisik dan kimia pulp yang terbuat dari pelepah dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS). Variabel pada penelitian ini yaitu perbandingan pelepah dan TKKS yaitu 20:40 ; 30:30 dan 40:20. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mendelignifikasi pelepah dan TKKS dengan NaOH 9%, serta proses bleaching dengan CaClO2 0,005 M. Dilakukan uji kualitas pulp dengan menggunakan uji rendemen pulp, kadar lignin, kadar air, kadar abu dan bilangan Kappa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rasio optimum 40 : 20 dimana rendemen pulp sebesar 45,88%, kadar lignin 2,38%, bilangan Kappa 0,31%, kadar air 10,18% dan kadar abu 3,39%. Nilai diatas menunjukkan bahwa pelepah dan TKKS berpotensi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pulp.
Analisa Pemanfaatan Digital Marketing Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan UMKM di Kabupaten Kampar
Authors: Akbar Rahmad , Winanda T.Yoga , Rahmayani Merlia , Yetti Dzulhijjah , Yelmi Harmi
Published: March 2023

Digital marketing has grown very rapidly since the high use of the internet. This level of use is triggered by the presence of smartphones at very affordable prices. But the use of digital marketing is not widely realized by business people, especially SMEs in Kampar Regency. Most SMEs in this city think that digital marketing is a place for transactions to occur, this is very different from the actual meaning of digital marketing. Social media used for digital marketing is not only focused on social media that is intentionally created for SMEs, but also social media owned by employees or employees of these SMEs. So that product marketing has a wider reach, and thus product sales from SMEs in Kampar Regency also increase.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PENEMUAN (DISCOVERY LEARNING) PADA MATA KULIAH MATEMATIKA DI POLITEKNIK KAMPAR
Authors: Putri Indah purnama , Dwianda Yudi
Published: March 2023

Intisari—Salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat mengembangkan pola pikir mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran khususnya matema Intisari—Salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat mengembangkan pola pikir mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran khususnya matematika adalah dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran penemuan (Discovery Learning). Model Pembelajaran akan dilaksanakan pada mahasiswa kelas 1 Program Studi Perawatan dan Perbaikan Mesin. Melalui Model pembelajaran penemuan diharapkan mahasiswa menjadi termotivasi untuk belajar sehingga dapat mengembangkan pola pikir terhadap setiap bentuk permasalahan matematika. Mahasiswa lebih aktif dikelas, tidak hanya duduk, diam, mencatat dan mendengar penjelasan dari pengajar. Penelitian dilakukan 6 tahap yaitu stimulasi, problem statement, data collection, data processing, verification, dan generalization. Melalui 6 tahap akan dilihat kemampuan mahasiswa dalam memecahkan persoalan matematika. Hasil belajar mahasiswa akan dinilai melalui kuis yang diadakan diawal pertemuan. Melalui nilai kuis yang diadakan pada setiap pertemuan dapat diamati persentase nilai mahasiswa mengalami peningkatan dari kuis pertama sampai kuis keenam.  Sedangkan nilai untuk kuis keseluruhan materi persentase nilai yang diperoleh sudah lebih dari 65% yaitu 75,90%. Dengan demikian ketuntasan belajar mahasiswa sudah tercapai.
Pembuatan Sistem Informasi E-Office (Studi Kasus Di Politeknik Kampar) Berbasis Web Dengan Menggunakan Framework Codeigniter 3
Authors: Oktorina Fenty Kurnia , Nofiar Am Andri
Published: March 2023

Proses surat menyurat saat ini masih menggunakan kertas, begitu juga dalam pengarsipan berkas yang bisa saja rusak dan hilang. Sebagai solusi maka dibangun sistem informasi surat menyurat berbasis web menggunakan framework codeigniter dengan tujuan  untuk mempermudah Bagian Umum sebagai pengelola surat masuk dan keluar, Direksi dan seluruh pegawai terkait di Politeknik Kampar dalam kegiatan surat meyurat. Tujuan dibuat sistem ini untuk menghindari surat yang tidak mendapatkan respon dengan cepat jika dibutuhkan dalam waktu dekat dan surat yang terabaikan begitu saja, serta memungkinkan surat tidak hilang dan rusak dalam pengarsipan. Dalam proses tahap implementasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahasa pemograman PHP, phpMyadmin untuk mengelola database di MySQL dan framework codeigniter. Kesimpulan dari tugas akhir adalah sistem informasi e-office (studi kasus Politeknik Kampar) telah berhasil dibuat dan dapat mengatasi permasalahan dalam sistem surat menyurat di Politeknik Kampar.
POTENSI ENERGI LISTRIK DARI LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR
Authors: Purnama Irwan  , Febrianton Adi
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar potensi energi listrik yang dapat dihasilkan oleh limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit (POME) sebagai energi  terbarukan. Fokus penelitian ini dimulai dari pengumpulan data dari berbagai sumber tentang limbah cair yang dihasilkan oleh pabrik-pabrik kelapa sawit di Kabupaten Kampar. Kemudian akan dilakukan analisa terhadap potensi biogas dan energi listrik yang dapat dihasilkan dari limbah cair tersebut. Adapun data yang dibutuhkan diantaranya jumlah pabrik kelapa sawit (PKS) yang beroperasi di Kabupaten Kampar, kapasitas pengolahan tandan buah segar (TBS) dari masing-masing PKS, serta limbah cair yang dihasilkan PKS-PKS tersebut. Metode pengumpulan data tersebut dilakukan dengan melakukan survei ke lokasi PKS dan pencarian informasi di website. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan dalam merancang pembangkit listrik tenaga biogas (PLTBg) di Kabupaten Kampar. Dengan adanya PLTBg ini diharapkan dapat membatu pemerintah dalam menyediakan energi listrik bagi masyarakat, terutama masyarakat yang berada jauh dari akses listrik PLN. Selain itu penelitian ini juga dapat membantu PKS-PKS dalam mengolah limbah cair mereka menjadi lebih bermanfaat serta ramah lingkungan.
Book review: How to use storytelling in your academic writing: Techniques for engaging readers and successfully navigating the writing and publishing processes
Authors: Hill Geof , Kelder Jo-Anne
Published: March 2023

This book review illuminates Pollock’s (2021) text ‘How to use storytelling in your academic writing’. In the longstanding discipline of literary criticism/study, a book review is often the work of a single author and written to expose the reader/audience to the contents of the book under investigation (Campbell & Jamieson, 1978). The review we have offered here adopts a writing style of a conversation about the book between two academics, and thus posits a new mode of book-review writing. The intent of the article is to challenge expectations of what counts as a book review. The review itself recommends the book as a valuable contribution to the collection of academic books on academic writing.
A Case Study in the Implementation of Convergent Education
Authors: Abel Kali , Prestholdt Tara , Dittrich Ruth , Egan Brad Louisa , Fletcher Vail
Published: March 2023

Convergent education calls for the dismantling of long held academic borders, and for the blurring of traditional academic divisions. It emphasizes the development of professionals who are comfortable thinking across traditional boundaries and who are equipped to best meet the needs of today’s society through critical thinking and problem solving. In doing so, it focuses on issues central to and concurrent with a student’s present experience. As we explore, we find that despite a variety of implementations of multidisciplinary approaches, an implementable framework for convergent education that is transferable across university settings seems lacking. We offer a framework for defining, identifying, and evaluating convergent education and apply this to a 2020 undergraduate course at the University of Portland. In addition to the development of a framework and analysis of convergent learning within the case study, we find that despite the ready need for and applicability of convergent-based education, more traditional academic structures predispose both students and educators towards educational outcomes that remain largely siloed, particularly in the divide between STEMM and non-STEMM majors. We demonstrate how the existing mismatch between intended convergent education outcomes and traditional academic structures may limit convergent education possibilities and we propose areas in which higher education can improve in developing professionals who are equipped to address the most pressing global issues.
How can critical thinking be recognised and developed in students that are still developing tertiary-level English language proficiency?
Authors: Clark Lorna
Published: March 2023

As many international students attending Western universities do not have English as their first language, they can experience difficulty sharing their wealth of ideas. As critical thinking and academic writing are often mutually dependent, this study sought to explore how international students express their ideas and how this can be further supported in the classroom. Using educational design research, 20 tertiary foundation students received 12 weeks instruction in critical thinking and academic writing and their output assessed pre and post course. The study established that students could demonstrate critical thinking on entry to the program and, with focused instruction, were able to further enhance their skills. However, findings also illustrate that the students did not possess the same ability to construct advanced written representation of their ideas. This study suggests that consideration be given to alternate methods of assessment and instruction that recognise international students’ existing critical thinking skills base.
Tinjauan Hukum Proses Penetapan Tersangka Kasus Pencurian Kendaraan Bermotor
Authors: Binding Sudirto , Muslimah
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the process of determining the suspect in the motor vehicle theft case at the Pohuwato Police. And to find out and analyze the factors that become obstacles in the process of determining the suspect in the motor vehicle theft case at the Pohuwato Police. The method used in this thesis is an empirical legal research method The results in this study were 1) The process of determining the suspect in the motor vehicle theft case at the Pohuwato Police, namely through the suspect determination mechanism as carried out in the case of Police Report Report Number LP / 200 / XII / 2019 / SPKT / Res-Phwt, December 6 and Letter Investigation Order Number: SP fingerprint / 84 I XII / 2019 / Reskrim, dated December 6, 2019 in which the case title in the case raised includes the title of an ordinary case at the initial stage of the investigation. The Standard Operating Procedure in the title of the curanmor case remains in accordance with the Regulation of the Head of the Criminal Investigation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Police Number 4 of 2014 concerning Standard Operating Procedures for Criminal Investigation Supervision. 2) Obstacles in determining the suspect in the criminal act of motor vehicle theft at the Pohuwato Police: a. lack of witnesses to see. b. Searching for evidence and suspects experiencing difficulties due to the absence or lack of clues c. Usually curanmor cases stop at the investigation stage. Apart from the above, there are still internal obstacles within Pohuwato Police and external obstacles The suggestion in this thesis is that there is a need for a new breakthrough in terms of handling and resolving curanmor cases. In this case, new operations and methods need to be formulated so that the Pohuwato Police can handle motor vehicle theft cases effectively.
El reforzamiento del Gobierno y de la deriva presidencialista del régimen parlamentario español durante la pandemia
Authors: Parra Gómez David
Published: March 2023

Es bien sabido que el constituyente de 1978 temía que la llegada de la democracia comportase una situación de inestabilidad política que finalmente la condujese al fracaso. Preocupación que trajo consigo, fundamentalmente, dos consecuencias. Por un lado, que nuestro régimen parlamentario respondiese al modelo de «primerministerialismo» inglés o «sistema de canciller» alemán, que personaliza la confianza parlamentaria en la figura del Presidente del Gobierno —y no en la totalidad del Gabinete—, a quien la Constitución confiere un auténtico primado sobre sus Ministros al otorgarle facultades que otros ordenamientos atribuyen, en cambio, al Gobierno como colegiado. Y, por otro lado, que la Constitución y, sobre todo, los Reglamentos del Congreso de los Diputados y del Senado incluyesen una serie de piezas institucionales y jurídicas ideadas para afianzar gobiernos y hacerlos fuertes en su debilidad que han distorsionado en la práctica una de las funciones esenciales del Parlamento, la de controlar al Gobierno, que cuenta con numerosas «armas» de disuasión y defensa para evitar ese control. La crisis sanitaria provocada por la Covid-19 no sólo ha evidenciado algunos de los principales problemas no resueltos de la democracia española (como las debilidades de Estado social, el mal comportamiento de los partidos políticos, los serios desajustes de la organización territorial del Estado o la deficiente confección de nuestro derecho de crisis, entre otros), sino que ha provocado o agravado otros, entre los que cabe destacar el fortalecimiento del Poder Ejecutivo (paralelo al decaimiento de las funciones parlamentarias legislativa y de control del Gobierno, que ha llegado hasta el extremo de ser consentido por el propio Parlamento) y la deriva presidencialista que ya venía caracterizando al sistema parlamentario español. Analizar algunas de las muestras más significativas de ambas tendencias constituye el objeto del presente trabajo.
El caso Dobbs: de la Constitución viva a la Democracia Constitucional viva
Authors: Tello Mendoza Juan Alonso
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo examina el debate jurídico sobre el aborto en los EEUU. Para ello, tras situar el contexto dado por los casos Roe y Casey, desarrolla la decisión Dobbs, enfatizando cómo supone una moderada apuesta por el nasciturus y una revalorización del demos de la democracia constitucional.
El examen de proporcionalidad de los desalojos forzosos y su recepción en el ordenamiento español
Authors: Macho Carro Alberto
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo pretende dar cuenta del surgimiento, desarrollo y alcance de la doctrina del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos en materia de desalojos forzosos, así como de su incipiente recepción jurisprudencial y legislativa en nuestro ordenamiento. En concreto, el estudio se centra en la facultad de quienes corran el riesgo de perder su vivienda habitual de exigir un examen de proporcionalidad de la medida en sede judicial, analizando los elementos que habrían de integrar este examen y su alcance en las relaciones entre particulares. Por último, el trabajo se ocupa de la recepción de la tutela frente a los desalojos forzosos de vivienda habitual tanto en la doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional y del Tribunal Supremo, como en el Proyecto de Ley por el derecho a la vivienda.
Entrevista com Nalú Farenzena
Authors: Gouveia Andrea Barbosa , Nascimento Alessandra Bertasi , Fernandes Maria Dilnéia Espíndola
Published: March 2023

Entrevista com:

Nalu FarenzenaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPresidenta da Associação Nacional de Pesquisadores em Financiamento da Educação (FINEDUCA) Gestão 2019 a 2021

 

Concedida à:

Andrea Barbosa GouveiaUniversidade Federal do Paraná

Alessandra Bertasi NascimentoUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul

Maria Dilnéia Espíndola FernandesUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul
Financiamento da educação x transparência pública: reflexões sobre a execução orçamentária
Authors: Quirino Simony Rafaeli
Published: March 2023

O artigo discute a transparência do Relatório Resumido de Execução Orçamentária – RREO, procurando evidenciar como são disponibilizadas as informações referentes aos recursos da educação no período de 2007-2020. Dessa forma, são apresentados resultados da pesquisa realizada a partir dos Portais da Transparência, do Poder Executivo, dos municípios que compõem o primeiro anel metropolitano de Curitiba[1], procurando-se observar a forma como o “Anexo 8 - Demonstrativo das Receitas e Despesas com Manutenção e Desenvolvimento do Ensino” é disponibilizado nesses portais e que tipo de informações ele contém. O estudo sustenta-se no construto do conceito de transparência pública que propõe a junção da publicidade dos dados e da inteligibilidade das informações disponibilizadas. Assim, a metodologia adotada pautou-se nas seguintes categorias de análise: condições de acesso; condições de publicidade e condições de inteligibilidade desse Demonstrativo. Foram constatados problemas relacionados ao acesso, à publicidade e à inteligibilidade desse Demonstrativo que comprometem o controle social.

[1] Almirante Tamandaré, Araucária, Campina Grande do Sul, Campo Largo, Campo Magro, Colombo, Curitiba, Fazenda Rio Grande, Pinhais, Piraquara, Quatro Barras e São José dos Pinhais.
Contribuições para pensar a prática educativa no diálogo com Habermas e Freire em oposição ao excesso de racionalidade instrumental
Authors: Siqueira Ivone dos Santos , Raposo Elinete Oliveira , Freitas Nadia Magalhães da Silva
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho objetiva identificar convergências nas teorias de Jürgen Habermas e Paulo Freire que constituem contribuições para a prática educativa. Os referidos autores apresentam aproximações que nos ajudam a perceber a racionalidade instrumental, que ainda hoje persiste na prática educativa. O excesso de racionalidade instrumental denunciado por Habermas e Freire demonstra o valor e a atualidade das ideias dos autores para a educação. Habermas propõe a razão comunicativa, trazendo o potencial da linguagem voltado ao entendimento intersubjetivo no agir comunicativo. Freire, por sua vez, opõe-se à educação bancária, que é por si mesma a personificação da racionalidade instrumental. Como alternativa à educação bancária, Freire nos apresenta a educação libertadora. As afinidades de pensamentos entre esses teóricos estão na intersubjetividade, na proposição e na exploração de uma concepção dialógico-comunicativa da razão, em que o diálogo se apresentada como mediador. Assim, as convergências teóricas percebidas entre Habermas e Freire, com relação às oposições e ao enfrentamento da razão instrumental, expressam relevantes contribuições para a educação.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Dentists Regarding Pharmacovigilance and Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions in Northwestern Turkiye: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: ÇOLAKOĞLU Gizem , KAYA BÜYÜKBAYRAM Işıl
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT Objectives: The drugs commonly used/prescribed by dentists/physicians or consumed by patients may cause adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Therefore, the possibility of dentists to encounter an ADR during their professional lives cannot be underestimated and the contribution of dentists to pharmacovigilance systems by notifying spontaneous ADR reports play an important role in the early detection and prevention of ADRs. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of dentists regarding pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire with 30 questions evaluating knowledge, attitudes and practices of pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting among general dentists (GDs) and specialist dentists (SDs) was distributed electronically in northwestern region of Turkey. Data were statistically analyzed (p < 0.05). Results: Most of the participants were able to define the terms of pharmacovigilance (64.7%), ADR (74.9%) and side-effect (58.1%). SDs were significantly more aware of ADRs related to the drugs used/prescribed by dentists/physicians and other drugs consumed by patients than GDs. Additionally, awareness of ADRs regarding these drugs was significantly higher among participants with ≤12 years of experience (p<0.05). Only 2.8% of participants (4 GDs, 6 SDs) reported an ADR in their professional lives. However, 52.5% of participants had encountered an oral mucosal ADR during their professional lives, which was statistically higher in the group of SDs and participants with >12 years of experience (p<0.05). Conclusions: The role of dentists in the diagnosis and reporting of ADRs should not be underestimated since they are an integral part of the healthcare system. The contribution of both GDs and SDs to the ADR reporting system needs to be improved in Turkey. Additionally, ADR reporting should be integrated into daily practices of dentists.
Dynamic decoupling for multi-level systems
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Da , Yi Kang-Yuan , Chen Yuan-Zhen , Yan Fei ,   Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China,   International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen 518055, China,   Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China,   Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Published: March 2023

Dynamical decoupling refers to a family of techniques that are widely used to suppress decoherence in various quantum systems, caused by quasi-static environmental noise. They have broad applications in the field of quantum information processing. Conventional dynamical decoupling targets at noise in two-level system such as qubits and often consists of specifically engineered sequences of \begin{document}$ \pi $\end{document} pulses that swap between two different states. On the other hand, researchers do not limit their study within simple two-levels systems any more, but go and seek for even more efficient quantum hardware. A variety of quantum algorithms and schemes of quantum control using multi-level systems, such as qutrits and qudits, for quantum information processing have been proposed and implemented successfully. However, decoherence in such a multi-level system is inherently more sophisticated than that in two-level systems. So far there has been little systematic research on how to tackle decoherence problems in such systems.

In this work, we propose several sequences of dynamical decoupling for multi-level systems that only rely on \begin{document}$ \pi $\end{document} pulses linking neighboring levels, which is easy to implement experimentally. Our results show that these sequences can efficiently suppress quasi-static noise presented in multi-level systems. In addition, by calculating the corresponding filter functions of these sequences, we are able to further analyze their effect on generic Gaussian noise that may not be quasi-static. We also give a physical explanation of the noise filtering mechanism of these sequences by considering their control functions. Other topics discussed in our work include power spectral density and correlation of noise in multi-level systems. Our work may be regarded as a first step towards a more systematic investigation of dynamical decoupling techniques applicable to multi-level systems.
Whitham modulation theory of defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the classification and evolutions of solutions with initial discontinuity
Authors: Gong Rui-Zhi , Wang Deng-Shan ,   Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Mathematical Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Published: March 2023

Since the Whitham modulation theory was first proposed in 1965, it has been widely concerned because of its superiority in studying dispersive fluid dynamics and dealing with discontinuous initial value problems. In this paper, the Whitham modulation theory of the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation is developed, and the classification and evolution of the solutions of discontinuous initial value problem are studied. Moreover, the dispersive shock wave region, the rarefaction wave region, the unmodulated wave region and the plateau region are distinguished. Particularly, the correctness of the results is verified by direct numerical simulation. Specifically, the solutions of 0-phase and 1-phase and their corresponding Whitham equations are derived by the finite gap integration method. Also the Whitham equation of genus N corresponding to the N-phase periodic wave solution is derived. The basic structures of rarefaction wave and dispersive shock wave are given, in which the boundaries of the regions are calculated in detail. The Riemann invariants and density distributions of dispersive fluids in each case are discussed. When the initial value is fixed as a special one, the vacuum point is considered and analyzed in detail. In addition, the oscillating front and the soliton front in the dispersive shock wave are considered. In fact, the Whitham modulation theory has many wonderful applications in real physics and engineering. The dam problem is investigated as a special Riemann problem, the piston problem of dispersive fluid is analyzed, and the novel undular bores are found.
Research on application of local oscillator power locking method to laser heterodyne radiometer
Authors: Li Yue , Li Jun , Xue Zheng-Yue , Wang Jing-Jing , Wang Gui-Shi , Gao Xiao-Ming , Tan Tu ,   School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China,   Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
Published: March 2023

Laser heterodyne radiometer has the advantages of low cost, small size, and high spectral resolution. It can expand the existing ground carbon measurement network, verify satellite observation results, and provide data coverage outside the satellite observation area. Using the existing laser heterodyne radiometer, is presented a prototype of near-infrared laser heterodyne radiometer based on the erbium-doped fiber amplifier that can realize local oscillator power locking. In the laser heterodyne radiometer a distributed feedback semiconductor laser with a center wavelength of 1.603 μm is used as a local oscillator light source. The erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used to enhance the local oscillator power, and the automatic power control circuit is adopted to lock the output optical power of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier. The baseline slope caused by the change of the local oscillator power is eliminated, and the whole layer atmospheric transmittance spectrum without baseline fitting is measured. The instrument performance of a highly integrated laser heterodyne radiometer based on an erbium-doped fiber amplifier is evaluated in detail, and the atmospheric CO2 transmittance spectrum is measured in the Science Island (31.9°N, 117.2°E) of Hefei. Six groups of atmospheric CO2 transmittance spectra are obtained during the measurement period of one day, which are compared with the simulation results from an atmospheric radiation model, showing that they are consistent with each other. The experimental results show that the application of erbium-doped fiber amplifier can improve the performance of laser heterodyne radiometer, optimize its structure, and provide equipment supplement for realizing unattended long-term atmospheric CO2 concentration observation and building a comprehensive carbon observation network.
Prediction of HIV-1 protease resistance using genotypic, phenotypic, and molecular information with artificial neural networks
Authors: Tunc Huseyin , Dogan Berna , Darendeli Kiraz Büşra Nur , Sari Murat , Durdagi Serdar , Kotil Seyfullah
Published: March 2023

Drug resistance is a primary barrier to effective treatments of HIV/AIDS. Calculating quantitative relations between genotype and phenotype observations for each inhibitor with cell-based assays requires time and money-consuming experiments. Machine learning models are good options for tackling these problems by generalizing the available data with suitable linear or nonlinear mappings. The main aim of this study is to construct drug isolate fold (DIF) change-based artificial neural network (ANN) models for estimating the resistance potential of molecules inhibiting the HIV-1 protease (PR) enzyme. Throughout the study, seven of eight protease inhibitors (PIs) have been included in the training set and the remaining ones in the test set. We have obtained 11,803 genotype-phenotype data points for eight PIs from Stanford HIV drug resistance database. Using the leave-one-out (LVO) procedure, eight ANN models have been produced to measure the learning capacity of models from the descriptors of the inhibitors. Mean R2 value of eight ANN models for unseen inhibitors is 0.716, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) is [0.592–0.840]. Predicting the fold change resistance for hundreds of isolates allowed a robust comparison of drug pairs. These eight models have predicted the drug resistance tendencies of each inhibitor pair with the mean 2D correlation coefficient of 0.933 and 95% CI [0.930–0.938]. A classification problem has been created to predict the ordered relationship of the PIs, and the mean accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) values are calculated as 0.954, 0.791, 0.791, and 0.688, respectively. Furthermore, we have created an external test dataset consisting of 51 unique known HIV-1 PR inhibitors and 87 genotype-phenotype relations. Our developed ANN model has accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.749 and 0.818 to predict the ordered relationships of molecules on the same strain for the external dataset. The currently derived ANN models can accurately predict the drug resistance tendencies of PI pairs. This observation could help test new inhibitors with various isolates.
From Saint to Eponymous Founder
Authors: Amir Or
Published: March 2023

This article offers a case study on the social role of a charismatic shaykh, Abū Bakr al-Mawṣilī (d. 797/1394), in fourteenth-century Damascus and Jerusalem, and on the way he established his saintly reputation and accumulated cultural capital. Based mainly on a to-date unstudied manuscript written by the shaykh’s grandson, it analyzes how the shaykh managed to pass this capital on to his offspring and how they formalized, institutionalized, and consolidated his ṭarīqa into a stable social organization, with the Mawṣilī household at its center, which, although never spreading outside of Greater Syria, continued to flourish locally for centuries.
Notes on the Functions of the L-Stem (Stem III) in Quranic Arabic
Authors: Sjörs Ambjörn
Published: March 2023

In this article it is argued that the L-stem (stem III) in Quranic Arabic is a pluractional derivation of the G-stem (stem I) and that it expresses distributive participant plurality. With direct objects that refer to a plurality of nonvolitional entities, the verb form describes a plurality of situations conceptualized distributively among the objects. With direct objects that refer to volitional participants, the situations are typically conceptualized as inversely distributed between the subject participant and the object participant. When the verb form is used antipassively, the object participant is syntactically omitted but semantically implied.
Review of The Last Muslim Conquest: The Ottoman Empire and Its Wars in Europe
Authors: Imber Colin
Published: March 2023

The Last Muslim Conquest: The Ottoman Empire and Its Wars in Europe. By gÁbor ÁgostoN. Prince- ton: PriNcetoN uNiversity Press, 2021. Pp. xv + 664, illus. $39.95, £35.
Review of Carrying on the Tradition: A Social and Intellectual History of Hadith Transmission across a Thousand Years
Authors: Vikør Knut S.
Published: March 2023

Carrying on the Tradition: A Social and Intellectual History of Hadith Transmission across a Thousand Years. By Garrett Davidson. Islamic History and Civilization, vol. 160. Leiden: Brill, 2020 . Pp. xii + 333. $150.
Review of From Mari to Jerusalem and Back: Assyriological and Biblical Studies in Honor of Jack Murad Sasson
Authors: Miglio Adam E.
Published: March 2023

From Mari to Jerusalem and Back: Assyriological and Biblical Studies in Honor of Jack Murad Sasson. Edited by Annalisa Azzoni, Alexandra Kleinerman, Douglas A. Knight, and David I. Owen. University Park, PA: Eisenbrauns, 2020. Pp. xxviii + 508, illus. $99.95.
Review of Judeans in Babylonia: A Study of Deportees in the Sixth and Fifth Centuries BCE
Authors: Spunaugle Adrianne
Published: March 2023

Judeans in Babylonia: A Study of Deportees in the Sixth and Fifth Centuries BCE. By Tero Alstola . Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, vol. 109. Leiden: Brill, 2020. Pp. xii + 353. $150.
Review of Iranische Religion: Zoroastrismus, Yezidentum, Bahāʾītum
Authors: Rezania Kianoosh
Published: March 2023

Iranische Religion: Zoroastrismus, Yezidentum, Bahāʾītum. By Manfred Hutter. Berlin: W. de Gruyter, 2019. Pp. vii + 233. €24.95 (paper).
Mesopotamian Medicine, Magic, and Literature: Tribute to a Polymath
Authors: Scurlock JoAnn
Published: March 2023

Mark Geller is well known to everyone in his field and, unsurprisingly, his Festschrift is a bulging volume of contributions—from thirty-four scholars in a variety of different specialties. Like most Festschriften, it is of uneven quality, but there are some very fine articles, including useful text editions and offerings that raise interesting scholarly questions. Although there is nothing here on economics, there are articles that engage historical and/or anthropological questions, exegetical issues, and matters of composition of literary texts, including one offering on Akkadian grammar. None of these would be expected from a volume entitled Mesopotamian Medicine and Magic, but their presence is a testimony to the very broad interests of the honoree.
Application of Deep Learning Techniques in the Development of Predictive Maintenance and Fault Detection in Electric Motors
Authors: Rezende Stanley Washington Ferreira de , Pereira Paulo Elias Carneiro , Barella Bruno Pereira , Lima Alexsander Lindolfo , Neto Roberto Mendes Finzi , Moura Jose dos Reis Vieira de
Published: March 2023

During the last two decades, there has been remarkable growth in the processing capacity of computers and the evolution of digital cameras. As a result, the thermographic technique and thermal analysis became more applied in electromechanical maintenance due to the low measuring device cost. Simultaneously, new methods based on Deep Learning focused on image and video processing have emerged. In this sense, this contribution aims to verify the applicability of using the deep learning technique of convolutional neural networks to classify patterns of thermographic images of a bench grinder. The methodology used was the collection of thermographic pictures of a bench grinder after starting, without, and after applying loads to the discs. This procedure induced a temperature increase in the grinding machine housing since some types of faults in electric motors can be diagnosed due to over-temperature by thermographic inspection. Furthermore, a Python computational code was developed using a convolutional neural network to classify different grinder operation profiles based on thermal images. In conclusion, the technique proved promising for diagnosing motor failures by thermography and can be implemented in automatic predictive maintenance routines.
Early Grade Educators' Perception and its Influential Factors in Implementing Inclusive Education in the Akuapem South District, Ghana
Authors: Baidoo Joseph Kofi , Owusu Maxwell Kontor , Fofie Dauglas , Anokyewaa Joana , Gaisie Lawrence Oscar
Published: March 2023

Aim: The main aim of the study was to examine the perceptions and the determining factors of these perceptions in the implementation of inclusive education among early grade educators in the Akuapem South District of Ghana.

Methodology: For this study, a descriptive survey design was employed. After reviewing extant literature, self-crafted questionnaires were validated and piloted to obtain internal consistency cronbach's alpha coefficients of 0.930 and 0.752 for perceptions of early grade educators and the factors influence the Perceptions respectively. These instruments were used to collect quantitative data from all 248 early grade educators in the district. Descriptive statistics (Means and Standard Deviations) were used to analyze data to answer both research questions.

Results: The findings of the study indicated that the majority of early grade educators held the perception that inclusive education related to children with disabilities only. They lacked a comprehensive understanding of the theoretical concept of inclusive education. With respect to the factors that influenced the perceptions of early grade educators on the implementation of inclusive school practices, the study revealed that learners’ attitude, working experience with children with disabilities, availability of counsellors and counselling services and in-service training were identified.

Conclusion: It is recommended that massive capacity-building programs be organized for early grade educators so as to equip them with knowledge and skills in inclusive education. Again, more Special Education coordinators and counsellors should be sent to the circuits in the district to facilitate education on inclusive education to help teachers work effectively with children with disabilities and also to promote a conducive learning environment, especially for children with disabilities.
The Role of Parents and Educators in Managing the Risks of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Vasoya N. H.
Published: March 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly changing the landscape of education, but it also brings new risks and challenges. Parents and educators have a critical role to play in managing these risks and ensuring that AI is used in a responsible and ethical manner. This research article explores the role of parents and educators in managing the risks of AI in education. It discusses the potential risks of AI in education, the responsibilities of parents and educators, and strategies for managing these risks. The article concludes with policy recommendations for promoting responsible and ethical use of AI in education.
Processing and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Produced by Ball Milling Technique
Authors: Nwauzor J. N. , Ekpunobi A. J. , Babalola A. D.
Published: March 2023

In this study iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticle samples was prepared using mechanical grinding method. The optical properties were studied using UV-Vis spectrophotometer within a range of 200-1100nm. The micro and crystalline size of the nanoparticle were studied using x-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The compositional analysis was carried out using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). Observation of the electrical properties of the nanoparticle was carried out using an electrical four-point probe system. The XRD pattern in the 2θ range from 20 to 700 revealed that iron oxide had a rhombohedral structure. The SEM result showed that the nanoparticles were well dispersed and had a uniform crystalline structure. The EDXS results showed the elemental analysis of the nanoparticles under consideration. Iron oxide nanoparticles had elemental composition of oxygen, iron, titanium and carbon. The atomic and weight concentration of iron was 14.19 and 30.89%. The four-point probe electrical resistivity result shows that iron oxide nanoparticles had a sheet resistance of 9.8x106Ώ/sq. The optical result made it known that iron oxide nanoparticles possessed a high transmittance, also iron oxide nanoparticles displayed a low reflectance and moderate absorbance.  Finally, the bandgap energy of Fe2O3 dispersed in ethanol was found to be 2.74 eV. The Band gap of Fe2O3 dispersed in distilled water is 2.98 eV.
Management of Phytophthora Blight of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan L. Hugh) Through the Use of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Plant Parts Aqueous Extracts
Authors: Nwokeji E. M. , Ibeh M. C. , Nnaji N. W. , Ogwudire V. E. , Keyagha E. R. , Cookey C. O. , Alagba R. A. , Ihejirika G. O.
Published: March 2023

This study is focused on the management of phytophthora blight, a fungal disease of “pigeon pea” by the application of some aqueous extracts of neem plant parts. The aim of the study was to manage the phytophthora blight of pigeon pea using the plant parts extract of neem. The study was conducted in the year, 2021, at the Demonstration Farms (both field and laboratory) of the Department of Crop Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. The experiment was designed as Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five replications. Data on pigeon pea growth parameters and disease incidence and severity, were statistically analyzed by the use of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) software as outlined by Wahua. The means were separated for difference using the Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (FLSD). Results indicated that aqueous extract of neem seed application caused the tallest Pigeon pea height (103.30 cm), the highest number of pigeon pea leaves (99.40), the lowest phytophthora blight disease incidence (11.00%) and also the lowest phytophthora blight disease severity (1.00).
A Consortium of Soil Bacteria Mediates the Partial Replacement of Mineral Fertilizer for Sustainable Grapevine Cultivation in Sandy Soil
Authors: El-Wafa Thoraua S. Abo , Abo-Koura Hanaa A. , Abdelaziz Mohamed E. , Saad Maged M.
Published: March 2023

The demand for chemical fertilizers in agriculture has increased to deal with the present global population increase. However, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced by applying biofertilizers as an eco-friendly tool. Plant growth-promoting rizobacteria (PGPR) has an essential need in terms of fertilizer savings and promoting plant yield. Here, we study the effect of using three (PGPR) bacterial strains “Bacillus nakamurai MSRH1, Bacillus pacificus MSRH3, Paenibacillus polymyxa MSRH5”, integrated with chemical fertilizers (40, 60, 80, 100% need based NPK) on vegetative growth, yield production, and quality of table grapes ‘Flam Seedless’ grown in sand soil during two successive seasons of 2020 and 2021, with a preliminary trial season in 2019. Our results show that amending grapes with NPK in combination with the consortium of three strains led to significant improvement in colonized vines compared to a single application of 100% NPK. Results showed that bacterial consortium combined with 80% and 60% NPK mineral fertilizer had more positive effects than un-inoculated vines in growth parameters, cluster characteristics, yield/vine and berry quality in the two growing seasons. Besides, N, P and K concentrations of leaf petiole, total leaf chlorophyll content, and carbohydrates in canes were significantly enhanced by bacteria consortium with 80% and 60% PK chemical fertilizers. PGPR significantly increased total bacterial count, N2-fixing, P- solubilizing and K-solubilizing bacteria in soil treated with the three strains of bacteria plus mineral fertilizer. In addition, dehydrogenase and phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere soil were also increased in treatments inoculated with strains plus mineral fertilizer. The field study results showed that PGPR approach has potential and can be considered as a crop management strategy to increase the yield and quality of grapes, reduce chemical fertilization and subsequent environmental pollution, and could be useful in terms of sustainable production.
Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Antioxidant Properties and Antimicrobial Activity of Transition Metal Complexes from Novel Schiff Base
Authors: Panghal Monika , Kumari Sachin , Goel Neha , Rani Indu
Published: March 2023

Benzoylpyridine and nitro benzoic acid hydrazides were used to examine novel Schiff base Co(II), Mn(II), Fe(II), and Cu(II) complexes. Elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic measurements and other methods that like FT-IR, UV–Vis and 1H NMR studies have been used to deduce the nature of bonding and structure of these complexes. These studies revealed that the Co(II), Mn(II), Fe(II) and Cu(II) coordinated by four donor atoms in all the complexes. Free radical scavenging activity was determined according to the elimination of radicals from 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). These compounds were compared to known antibiotics ciprofloxacin and fluconazole in their ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria Bacillus subtilis (as gramme positive bacteria), Pseudomonas sp. (as gramme negative bacteria), and fungus Rhizoctonia sp., Alternaria sp., and Fusarium oxysporum. As an antibacterial and antioxidant agent, the complexes are more effective than the ligand. The copper (II) complex has been discovered to be the most effective antibacterial and antioxidant agent.