bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conocimiento de medidas preventivas VIH/SIDA en adolescentes de una Institución educativa Barranquilla-Colombia 2023
Authors: Gutiérrez-Baena Paula Andrea , Granados-Bitar Valentina , Bovea-Viloria Yariza , Fontalvo-Polo Karol , Lastre-Amell Gloria
Published: August 2024

Introducción: El Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana es una enfermedad de gran preocupación y atención a nivel mundial debido a su impacto en la salud pública. Afecta al sistema inmunológico, debilitándolo y dejando al organismo vulnerable a diversas infecciones y enfermedades. En particular, los adolescentes se encuentran en una etapa de desarrollo crucial, donde la adquisición de conocimientos sobre el VIH y las medidas preventivas es fundamental para su bienestar y el de la comunidad Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimientos de medidas preventivas del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana en adolescentes de Octavo a Décimo grado de una Institución educativa de Barranquilla 2022- 2023 Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal. La población fueron 103 estudiantes con una muestra de 56 estudiantes, y el muestreo a conveniencia. El instrumento utilizado, se basó en un estudio previo realizado en Perú sobre el conocimiento y práctica de medidas preventivas del VIH/SIDA en adolescentes Resultados: el 51,7% de los estudiantes femenino, el 48,2% masculino, el 42,8% tenía 14 años, el 26,7% 13 años, el 37,5% en noveno grado, el 32,1% en octavo y el 30,3% en décimo. al determinar el nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes se evidencio un CONOCIMIENTO ADECUADO y una minoría de CONOCIMIENTO INADECUADO Conclusión: Los hallazgos indicaron que los adolescentes encuestados tienen un alto nivel de conocimiento sobre ciertos aspectos del VIH/SIDA, Esto sugiere que las autoridades educativas, los padres y/o los representantes deben trabajar en planes para mejorar las estrategias para prevenir la infección por VIH.
Muscle adaptive changes in post-polio subjects
Authors: Grimby G , Einarsson G , Hedberg M , Aniansson A.
Published: August 2024

Nineteen post-polio subjects (9 men and 10 women) aged 41-65 years were studied by means of muscle strength measurements (Cybex) of knee extension and muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis for morphometric, histopathological and enzymatic analyses. Data from a reference group of 10 male subjects, age 42-51 years, are also given. Fourteen of the post-polio subjects had experienced a post-polio syndrome-like drop in function. All had had polio at least 25 years earlier. In nine of the 19 subjects, type I fibers accounted for more than 70% of the total. There was a significant negative correlation between muscle strength and the percentage of type I fibers in women. Large cross-section areas of muscle fibers were found, with an average mean fiber area of 8 microns 2 X 10(3). It is assumed that the large muscle fiber areas are due to an extreme use of the remaining muscle fibers in post-polio subjects with low muscle strength. There were significant negative correlations between muscle strength values and mean fiber area in men. Most subjects had single atrophic fibers; groups of atrophic fibers were less common. Internal nuclei and splitting were seen in about half of the subjects. The activity of citrate synthase was low, but normal for glycolytic enzymes.
Ultrasound sector scanning used to define changes in muscle configuration
Authors: Saltzstein RJ , Danoff JV , Shawker TH , Jones BL , Gerber L.
Published: August 2024

Dynamic configurational changes in the rectus femoris muscle were examined using a real time ultrasound sector scanner in ten normal subjects. The angle of passive knee flexion was varied as transverse ultrasound scanning was performed at the mid-transverse thigh. Configurational changes in the rectus femoris were computed from a traced outline of the muscle and the geometric center of the mass was calculated at all degrees of knee flexion. The geometric center of the mass varied with knee position. The anterioposterior dimensions and cross sectional areas of the rectus femoris and vastus intermedius remained constant, however, despite changes in knee position. The pattern of change observed was reproducible and reflects consistent changes in muscle configuration. The technique and instrumentation should have value for non-invasive dynamic and static observation of individual muscles.
A controlled study on the outcome of inpatient and outpatient treatment of low back pain. Part II. Effects on physical measurements three months after treatment
Authors: Mellin G , Hurri H , Härkäpää K , Järvikoski A.
Published: August 2024

Inpatient and outpatient treatments were compared with a control intervention in 288 men and 168 women, aged 35-54, who were at work, but suffered from chronic or recurrent low back pain. Physical measurements and back pain assessments were carried out before the intervention and at a 3-month follow-up. Physical fitness improved most in the inpatients, but the outpatients did not differ from the controls. Correlations between back pain and physical measurements indicated that increase of lumbar and hip mobility was more important than increase of trunk strength for subjective progress in these patients. Increased trunk extension strength correlated significantly with subjective progress in women, who also had higher correlations between improved physical fitness and progress than men.
Stroke rehabilitation: identification of target groups and planning data
Authors: De Pedro-Cuesta , Sandström B , Holm M , Stawiarz L , Widén-Holmqvist L , Bach-y-Rita P.
Published: August 2024

In order to ascertain the need for late stroke rehabilitation in South-West Stockholm (SWS) and explore the conditions for experimental stroke outcome research, we followed a population-based, systematic sample of incident stroke patients, hospitalized during the period 1987-1988, using computer files and a telephone interview. The annual incidence of first-ever or recurrent transitory ischaemic attack (TIA) or acute stroke during the period was 2.83 per 1000. In December 1989, approximately 3% of these incident patients declared subjective residual dysfunction, were living at home and were considered potential candidates for rehabilitation. The estimated prevalence of home-bound individuals with residual dysfunction due to stroke was 0.74 per 1000 (95% CI 0.51-1.04). The average duration of hospitalization for these patients was 95.2 days. Approximately 3/4 of them were interested in further conventional rehabilitation. The group not interested in this therapy were mainly females and were older. They scored lower in personal ADL and mental activity, but similarly in motor function. We concluded that the prevalence need for rehabilitation after stroke in the SWS community amounted to at least 1/1000. Early rehabilitation in the community, linked to post-acute stroke care with reduction of hospital stay would be functionally and socially advantageous and cost-effective for more than 25% of the incident stroke cases. Stroke rehabilitation and clinical follow-up are closely related processes that should be evaluated simultaneously.
A comparison of pressure pain thresholds in different tissues and body regions. Long-term reliability of pressure algometry in healthy volunteers
Authors: Kosek E , Ekholm J , Nordemar R.
Published: August 2024

Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were measured in 12 healthy female volunteers with a hand-held electronic pressure algometer (Somedic). The PPTs over 30 points, mainly located on the trunk, were measured in a randomized order. The measurements were repeated after one week and again 10-13 weeks later. Three spots over nerve tissue had lower PPTs than nearby muscle. There were no consistent differences between muscle and periosteum within the same region. Overall there was a tendency for points in the nape region to have the lowest PPT, and those in the lumbosacral region to have the highest. The shoulder points had intermediate values. The interindividual differences were great. There was no difference between the mean PPTs from the first session and those from the second session. However, at the third session, 10 weeks later, the average PPT value was substantially higher than in the previous sessions.
Trapezius muscle pressure pain threshold and strain in the neck and shoulder regions during repetitive light work
Authors: Nakata M , Hagner IM , Jonsson B.
Published: August 2024

Perceived musculoskeletal discomfort caused by the repetition of a light work task was examined by rating the perceived musculoskeletal discomfort and measuring the muscle pressure pain threshold. Thirteen healthy female workers performed a repetitive light work task for 120 minutes. Based on the perceived musculoskeletal discomfort during the work task the subjects were assigned to one of two groups, i.e., those who reported most complaints and those who reported fewest complaints. The pressure pain thresholds of the trapezius muscles in the most-complaining group were significantly lower than those in the least-complaining group. The pressure pain threshold was logarithmically correlated both with the perceived musculoskeletal discomfort and with the EMG signal amplitudes.
The role of the psychologist in multidisciplinary treatments for chronic neck and shoulder pain: a controlled cost-effectiveness study
Authors: Jensen I , Nygren A , Gamberale F , Goldie I , Westerholm P , Jonsson E.
Published: August 2024

This study was designed to determine a cost-effective use of psychologist resources in multimodal cognitive-behavioural treatments (MMCBT) for chronic neck/shoulder pain. A randomised controlled trial was conducted with 66 patients divided in two groups. The first group (A) was treated following the approach of MMCBT with the clinical psychologist only functioning as a "coach" to the other health professionals. In this group, the psychologist had on average 5 hours of input per patients. The second group (B) was treated with the same inpatient MMCBT but with the behavioural component administered by the clinical psychologist directly to the patients. In this second group the psychologist had on average 17 hours of input per patient in the entire intervention. The outcome variables included physical, emotional and social factors, and sick-leave. Both groups showed significant improvements over time. The improvements were evident only in sub-groups, specifically in women. The only significant difference between the groups was in "perceived helplessness" favouring the "psychologist contact" setting. It is concluded that in terms of input of clinical psychology, the treatment setting with the "coaching" technique proved to be the most cost-effective use of the psychologist in the two treatment settings investigated.
The effect of pain reduction on perceived tension and EMG-recorded trapezius muscle activity in workers with shoulder and neck pain
Authors: Vasseljen O , Johansen BM , Westgaard RH.
Published: August 2024

The study was initiated to evaluate the effect of pain-reducing therapies on factors previously associated with work-related shoulder and neck pain, namely increased muscle activity in the upper trapezius and perceived general tension. Thirty-three women in three groups were assessed before and after an intervention period and by questionnaire 6 months later. The purpose of this study was primarily to investigate associations between upper trapezius muscle activity, perceived general tension and pain, and secondly, to compare effects of individually based physiotherapy and group exercise for workers with shoulder and neck myalgia. All three groups reported a significant alleviation of pain and perceived general tension, while the electromyographically (EMG) recorded upper trapezius muscle activity level remained unchanged or increased. Improvements were similar in all three treatment groups, but individual-based therapies were rated more beneficial on subjective measures. Significant correlation was found between pain and perceived general tension (r = 0.66, p
Interrater reliability of the 7-level functional independence measure (FIM)
Authors: Dickson HG , Köhler F.
Published: August 2024

No abstract available.
A clinical method for measuring segmental flexion mobility in the cervico-thoracic spine and a model for classification
Authors: Norlander S , Aste-Norlander U , Nordgren B , Sahlstedt B.
Published: August 2024

Pain and limitation of spinal mobility are symptoms frequently reported by patients. Many methods have been used to assess the total range of mobility in the different parts of the spine, but there is no method for clinical examination of segmental mobility. The aim of this study was to describe such a technique concerning of segmental flexion mobility in the cervico-thoracic spine, C7-T5, and to present a model for classification of mobility. The results of this study show that the relative flexion mobility examined, according to the Cervico-Thoracic-Ratio technique (CTR), may become a valuable complement to conventional methods of assessing mobility in the cervical spine. The normalized CTR values are less influenced by the individual factors age, body weight, height and number of years at work and the classification model presented makes functional analysis of segmental flexion mobility in the cervico-junction and upper thoracic spine more substantial.
Magnetic resonance imaging of lower extremity muscles and isokinetic strength in foot dorsiflexors in patients with prior polio
Authors: Tollbäck A , Söderlund V , Jakobsson F , Fransson A , Borg K , Borg J.
Published: August 2024

The thigh and lower leg of six patients with prior polio were examined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the strength of their weak foot dorsiflexors was measured isokinetically. Spinecho images of the lower extremities were visually evaluated on a semi-quantitative four-point scale, and T1 and T2 relaxation times of the lower leg anterior compartment were analysed. There were prominent MRI signs of randomly distributed muscle degeneration. The high signal intensity changes in the affected muscles on T1-weighted images and T1 and T2 values indicated replacement of muscle fibres with fat and the accumulation of tissue water, respectively. MRI findings were compared with isokinetic strength in foot dorsiflexor muscles. Foot dorsiflexor peak torque values at 30 deg/s ranged from 6 to 29 Nm. There was no significant correlation between MRI visual scoring, T1 and T2 relaxation times and peak torque values at 30 deg/s. However, the most severe MRI changes with visual scoring and T2 relaxation times were observed in the patients with the most pronounced muscle weakness.
Aphasia, dichotic testing and defective hearing
Authors: Norrsell U , Ramsing S , Rosenhall U , Blomstrand C.
Published: August 2024

Cerebral lesions causing aphasia are often found close to auditory areas. The aphasia may therefore sometimes be aggravated by hearing problems, which are concealed by communicative restrictions. Unilateral lesions of the cerebral auditory system influence the functional ear preference disclosed by dichotic tests. For that reason we have examined aphasic patients with recent, initial, unilateral brain infarctions for ear preference with regard to dichotically presented two syllable words. In a consecutive series of 114 patients who could cope with the test, 29 showed signs of an acquired left ear advantage (LEA). All were offered, and 22 accepted a full scale audiological examination including pure tone, speech and phase-audiometry. Nine of these patients showed retrocochlear or central hearing disturbances, which added to their communicative predicaments. The LEA of 11 patients lacked audiological rationales and a compensatory shift of cerebral speech-lateralization cannot be excluded.
A randomized prospective study of vocational outcome in rehabilitation of patients with non-specific musculoskeletal pain: a multidisciplinary approach to patients identified after 90 days of sick-leave
Authors: Lindh M , Lurie M , Sanne H.
Published: August 2024

This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme offered to a general population with 90 days of sick-leave due to non-specific musculoskeletal pain. The results concerning return to work and re-sick-listing during a follow-up period of five years were evaluated for Swedes and immigrants separately. Compared to a control group, the rehabilitation offer resulted in improved work stability after work return among the Swedes. The immigrants, as a group, did not benefit from the programme compared to the controls in primary care.
Dynamometric assessment of the plantarflexors in hemiparetic subjects: relations between muscular, gait and clinical parameters
Authors: Nadeau S , Gravel D , Arsenault AB , Bourbonnais D , Goyette M.
Published: August 2024

The aims of this study were to investigate, in 16 subjects with hemiparesis, the plantarflexor muscle performance of the paretic side and to determine the level of the relationships between muscular parameters, clinical measures and gait performance. A Biodex dynamometric system was used to evaluate static and dynamic torques, power and maximal rate of tension development of the plantarflexor muscles. The clinical measures included the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), the "Up & Go" test and an evaluation of ankle muscle tone. Velocity, cadence, stride length and gait cycle duration were determined for each subject at both comfortable and maximal safe speeds using foot contacts and videographic data. Results indicated that dynamometric values produced by the hemiparetic subjects were reduced in comparison to those reported for healthy subjects. Their torque-angle curves had a curvilinear shape which indicated pronounced decrease of torque for plantarflexion efforts at the beginning of the movement. Torques produced at different velocities of testing did not demonstrate significant differences (MANOVAs: p > 0.05) but power values were significantly different. Results also showed that all the selected muscular parameters (torque, power and maximal rate of tension development) were moderately to highly interrelated (0.65 < r < 0.94; p < 0.01) suggesting that a common factor of muscular performance was assessed. Furthermore, the dynamometric data were significantly associated with some of the clinical measures (sensation and lower limb motor control scores of the FMA) but were not related to the gait variables (Pearson's r < 0.45; p > 0.05). This last finding suggests that the relationship between plantarflexor strength and the level of gait performance in adults with stroke is complex. The relationship may be influenced by other factors such as muscular compensations within and between limbs and motor control impairments.
Aberrations in postural control, vibration sensation and some vestibular findings in healthy 64-92-year-old subjects
Authors: Kristinsdottir EK , Jarnlo GB , Magnusson M.
Published: August 2024

To assess changes in postural control among healthy elderly and to correlate with suspected age-related events, 33 women and 16 men were studied. Postural control was evaluated by vibration-induced body sway, measured on a force platform, and vibration sensation was tested with a tuning fork. Occurrence of spontaneous gaze and head-shake-induced nystagmus was observed with infrared charged couple device (CCD) cameras and the subjects' medical history was reviewed. Vibration perception was the major determinant for the magnitude of body sway. Although these senior citizens considered themselves healthy, they had a variety of ailments in their medical history, diminished vibration sensation and a high prevalence of vestibular asymmetry. Age per se was not a determinant factor in any of the findings. The study suggests that interest should also be directed to the status of sensation in the legs and vestibular asymmetry when assessing balance function in the elderly. Furthermore, the term "age concomitant" may be more appropriate than "age dependent" when describing decrements of functions such as postural control in elderly subjects.
Vibromyography as a quantitative measure of muscle force production
Authors: Matheson GO , Maffey-Ward L , Mooney M , Ladly K , Fung T , Zhang YT.
Published: August 2024

This study was undertaken to investigate the use of vibromyography (VMG) as a tool for quantifying skeletal muscle force production. Fourteen healthy volunteers were pretested using a Cybex isokinetic dynamometer to determine their isometric quadricep maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) values. On the basis of these results, the subjects were separated into two groups: high-force ("HF" MVC mean = 289 ft.lb., range 254-330) and low-force ("LF" MVC mean = 154 ft.lb., range 101-198). A vibromyographic piezoelectric accelerometer (Dytran 3115A) and electromyographic (EMG) surface electrodes were affixed to the rectus femoris muscle and recordings were obtained at 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% MVC. Root mean squares, median and mean values were computed from digitized data in the time domain while peak values were calculated from a fast Fourier transform for both the VMG and EMG data. A two-way repeated measures MANOVA using relative values and a linear regression model using absolute values were studied using BMDP and MiniTab software. Linear correlations were found between quadricept force and all EMG variables (R2 range 0.71-0.90) except peak (R2 = 0.39). The relationship between VMG and force was less linear (R2 range 0.19-0.69) because VMG values reach a plateau or even drop at 80% and 100% MVC. The HF-LF group differences were significant (p < 0.05), for all VMG values with the exception of root mean squares, but were not significant (p > 0.05) for all four EMG values. This study shows that, while EMG can discriminate force production within a given subject, VMG is a better discriminator of absolute muscle force values between subjects, particularly up to 60% MVC.
Self-reported musculoskeletal pain and discomfort in professional ballet dancers in Sweden
Authors: Ramel E , Moritz U.
Published: August 2024

One hundred and forty-seven professional dancers belonging to the three major companies in Sweden were asked to fill out a standardized questionnaire about musculoskeletal trouble and their work situation. This study details the answers and suggests ways of dealing with this particular work situation. Of the 128 dancers who answered the questionnaire, 121 had experienced trouble some time during the preceding 12 months. The low back was the site provoking most complaints (70%) followed by complaints from ankles/feet (65%) and neck (54%). There were no significant differences between the sexes. Trouble during the preceding 7 days in ankles/feet and low back had been experienced by 30% and 27% of the dancers, respectively. Ankles/feet trouble had kept dancers from their daily work in 54% of the cases, while low back trouble had prevented them from working to a lesser extent (40%) and neck trouble even less so (20%). Of the total 472 problems, 168 (36%) had prevented the dancers from doing their daily work. The answers to what they thought caused their problems to increase and decrease were later categorized as either physical, psychosocial or environmental. Most of the circumstances believed to increase trouble were related to poor training, while the ways to decrease trouble were mostly related to passive therapeutic treatments.
Risk indicators in the psychosocial and physical work environment for work-related neck, shoulder and low back symptoms: a study among blue- and white-collar workers in eight companies
Authors: Johansson JA , Rubenowitz S.
Published: August 2024

The study was based on a questionnaire and included 209 white-collar workers and 241 blue-collar workers in eight companies. The questionnaire deals with musculoskeletal symptoms, psychosocial and physical load factors. The relationship between job factors and neck, shoulder and low-back symptoms was analysed. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was supplemented with an additional question regarding whether or not the symptoms were believed to be related to work. The associations between the psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal symptoms were substantially higher when solely work-related symptoms were included in the analyses; these associations were of the same magnitude as that between several physical work load factors and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms. This study suggests that calculations of associations based solely on the NMQ, without the inclusion of questions to elicit reports of symptoms that are believed to be work-related, could have a powerful effect-masking consequence.
Measurement of pain among electricians with neck dysfunction
Authors: Sandmark H , Nisell R.
Published: August 2024

The aim of the study was to develop a pain measurement instrument in Swedish intended for use in epidemiological surveys, and to report the pain assessments of individuals in a working population. The focus was on somato-sensory description in relation to work performance. The material comprised 22 randomly selected electricians attending health checkups, and reporting neck pain during the past week. The pain estimations were made in oral interviews using a specially developed questionnaire. Neck extension and hands above shoulder height caused increased neck pain in all the subjects. The quantitative assessments of present pain showed a limited intensity. To describe the pain quality a wide spectrum of words was used as pain descriptors, but five adjectives were preferred. The more the pain was spread on the pain drawing, the more differentiated was the assessment of its quality. The results concluded that the pain assessment instrument might be useful in epidemiological investigations of musculoskeletal neck dysfunctions.
Non-dynamometric trunk performance tests: reliability and normative data
Authors: Alaranta H , Hurri H , Heliövaara M , Soukka A , Harju R.
Published: August 2024

A sample of 508 male and female white-collar and blue-collar employees aged 35 to 54 years was evaluated clinically to determine the reliability of repetitive sit-ups, repetitive arch-ups, repetitive squatting, and static back endurance tests, to determine the normal values of these tests and to detect determinants for trunk muscle performance. All of the given tests had fairly good or even excellent test-retest reliability. Muscular performance capacity decreased with advancing age, particularly among blue-collar workers. Men showed greater muscle endurance in all the muscle tests, and blue-collar workers lower values in all tests. The repetitive tests, in particular, showed reduced values in those with previous low-back pain. Normative values of back endurance, repetitive squatting, sit-up and arch-up tests for different age, sex and occupational groups are presented.
Characteristics of patients who attribute chronic pain to minor injury
Authors: Sivik TM , Delimar D.
Published: August 2024

Eighty-four chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients were studied in order to determine whether personality differences existed between patients reporting a minor injury at work as the cause of their disability and ensuing insurance claims, and patients who did not. Twenty-three of the CLBP patients studied reported that their pain resulted from a accident at work. All the subjects underwent a variety of psychological and somatic tests. The results indicate that the "accident" patient group is characterized by specific psycho-dynamic personality patterns significantly different from the characteristics of the "non-accident" group. The characteristics of the patients in the "accident" group suggest that these patients tend to hold on to minor injuries, and that one possible reason for this might partly be related to the liberal insurance policies in Sweden.
Possible role of receptor plasticity and of nonsynaptic diffusion neurotransmission (NDN) in shoulder-hand and autonomic dysreflexia syndromes
Authors: Bach-y-Rita P.
Published: August 2024

No abstract available.
The effect of an abdominal muscle training program on intra-abdominal pressure
Authors: Cresswell AG , Blake PL , Thorstensson A.
Published: August 2024

The effect of 10 weeks' specific abdominal strength training (resisted trunk rotations) on intra-abdominal pressure was investigated in 10 healthy males. Isometric rotational force, trunk flexor and extensor torque and intra-abdominal pressure were measured as well as intra-abdominal pressure responses to Valsalva manoeuvres, maximal pulsed pressures, drop jumps and trunk perturbations. The rotational strength increased 29.7% after training without significant change in intra-abdominal pressure. The isometric flexor strength did not change, while the extensor strength increased 11.0%. Valsalva and pulsed pressures increased 11.6 and 9.2%, respectively. The rate of intra-abdominal pressure development during pulsed pressures, drop jumps and trunk perturbations increased after training. The level of intra-abdominal pressure during the latter two tasks remained unchanged. It is concluded that an increase in strength of the trunk rotators with training improves the ability to generate higher levels of voluntarily induced intra-abdominal pressure and increases the rate of intra-abdominal pressure development during functional situations.
Effects and follow-up of a multimodal treatment program including intensive physical training for low back pain patients
Authors: Estlander AM Mellin G
Published: August 2024

The results of a comprehensive 4-week treatment program including intensive physical training were evaluated in 65 chronic low back pain patients. Marked increases in measures of spinal mobility, trunk muscle strength and lifting capacity were found during the treatment, but no average increase in pain ratings. At 3-week and 12-month follow-ups a statistically significant decrease in subjective disability and pain was found, but the percentage of patients who were working was unchanged. This points to a need for more work-oriented rehabilitation efforts in the treatment.
Standardization of grip strength measurements. Effects on repeatability and peak force
Authors: Spijkerman DC Snijders CJ
Published: August 2024

The aim of our study was to test grip strength and assess the effects of various degrees of standardization on repeatability and level of peak force. Sixteen healthy persons and eight subjects with an impaired hand function have been tested using a strain-gauge dynamometer. We compared four measurement protocols: (A) the subject is free to assume a comfortable arm position; (B) the subject is also free to assume a comfortable arm position but in addition a challenging stimulus to exceed a previous maximal effort, is given; (C) the arm was held in a predescribed and partly fixated position, as recommended by the American Society of Hand Therapists; (D) the position of the dynamometer is standardized using two reference points both on the hand and on the dynamometer. We found high test-retest reliabilities for each measurement protocol without any significant difference. There were, however, significant differences in strength level. With measurements according to protocol B the highest peak values were noted. Since the measurement protocol B combined good reliability with realistic peak forces, this procedure seems most suitable for grip strength measurements.
A controlled study on the outcome of inpatient and outpatient treatment of low back pain. Part III. Long-term follow-up of pain, disability, and compliance
Authors: Härkäpää K , Mellin G , Järvikoski A , Hurri H.
Published: August 2024

The long-term outcome results of inpatient and outpatient treatment of low back pain (LBP) were studied in 476 subjects (aged 35-54, 63% men) randomly assigned to three study groups: inpatients (n = 157), outpatients (n = 159), and controls (n = 160). The study included changes in the severity of low back pain, grade and disability, compliance with self-care, data on disability pensions, and days of sickness allowance during a 2.5-year follow-up period. These variables were used as outcome criteria. Pain and disability had decreased significantly in the two treated groups up to the 3-month follow-up. LBP was still a little slighter in the inpatients at the 1.5-year and 22-month follow-ups, but there were no significant differences between the groups in disability caused by LBP. The refresher programme carried out 1.5 years after the first one did not bring about as clear short-term improvement in pain and disability as the first treatment. During the whole 2.5-year follow-up compliance with self-care was better in the two treated groups, especially in the inpatients. Days of sickness allowance had increased somewhat more in the controls than in the inpatients during the follow-up. No differences between the groups were found in the number of disability pensions granted.
Lasting recovery of motor function, following brain damage, with a single dose of amphetamine combined with physical therapy,changes in gene expression?
Authors: Bach-y-Rita P Bjelke B.
Published: August 2024

No abstract available.
Assessment of a downscaling using quantiles mapping with MIROC Model in Guadalquivir Basin, Bolivia
Authors:   Universidad Privada Boliviana, Ureña Jhonatan , Saavedra Oliver ,   Universidad Privada Boliviana
Published: August 2024

In this study historical and combined GS precipitation products were assessed versus climate change scenarios at Guadalquivir basin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the downscaling procedure using Quantiles Downscaling Mapping (QDM). This scheme is based in statistical analysis where precipitation and temperature are adjusted using observed datasets. Moreover, simulated river discharge was obtained using HYDROBID tool. It was identified underestimation of combined GS precipitation product as well as simulated river discharge. Three climate change scenarios from MIROC CORDEX were used namely: RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The precipitation and temperature analyses were performed at daily time step. The results of QDM application showed more efficiency with RCP 8.5 and combined product GS for the 230 subbasins. About hydrological modeling using CORDEX variables, it was observed perturbed climate change using combined product GS with lower values against rain gauges. In this sense, precipitation and discharge were underestimated. Temperature showed the best performance at all cases. Finally, discharge series were integrated into volumes, where a decrease in water availability at the basins was noted as for near and far future. It is recommended to use perturbed scenarios with combined precipitation product since it is the most critical and takes into account the spatial variability with 230 syntactical rain gauges.
AS ANGÚSTIAS DAS PESSOAS INTERSEXO PERANTE O APAGAMENTO MÉDICO E LEGAL DE SUAS EXISTÊNCIAS
Authors: Santos Thais Emilia de Campos dos
Published: August 2024

As pessoas intersexo, condição de quem nasce com características físicas, genéticas ou hormonais que não correspondem à definição biológica tradicional de homem ou mulher, são submetidas a mutilações para a designação de sexo desde cedo, causando diversos danos a psique. O objetivo deste artigo é levantar as demandas da população intersexo para poder fundamentar políticas públicas, inexistentes até então no Brasil. Para tanto, um estudo bibliográfico e documental foi feito, além de uma análise quali-quantitativa de dados de pessoas acompanhadas pela Associação Brasileira Intersexo (ABRAI) no período de 2021 a 2023. Nota-se um grande sofrimento psíquico e angústias relacionadas ao próprio corpo. Desse modo, as ações reivindicadas por essa população a fim de promover a própria autonomia são reconhecer a diversidade corporal legalmente, proibir intervenções cirúrgicas e combater o estigma.
CO2 Emissions and Subjective Well-Being: Empirical Evidence from The Southeast Asian Population
Authors: Priyanto Moh. Wahyudi , Wijayanti Dian Eswin , Hilmi Yahya Shafiyuddin
Published: August 2024

An increasing amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) affects the planet and people. As a primary contributor to climate change, CO2 has been a subject of discussion among researchers. Many have been studying the complex relationship and impact of CO2. However, a study examining the influence of increased CO2 emissions on human subjective well-being is limited. This study aims to fill the gap by utilizing a sample of 9,724 Southeast Asians from the Seventh World Values Survey (2017-2021). Well-being is measured using a subjective approach, such as happiness and life satisfaction. The ordered probit regression analysis indicates that increased per capita CO2 emissions decrease happiness and life satisfaction. Additionally, the higher individuals' financial and health levels, the higher their relationship with their happiness and life satisfaction will be. This study encourages further research investigating a specific country's relationship between CO2 emissions and the well-being of its population.
The Influence of Financial Inclusion and Internet Access on the Income of Poor Households
Authors: Hermawan Wawan , Heriyaldi Heriyaldi , Tjahjawandita Ari
Published: August 2024

West Java is the most populous province and has high levels of unemployment and poverty in Indonesia. This research analyzes the impact of financial inclusion and internet access on poor households' income in West Java. The study uses data from the March 2022 Social and Economic Survey by the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics and applies an econometric model. The analysis introduces a novel approach by categorizing poverty based on the poverty line, specifically targeting the lowest 20% and 40% of income-earning households. This method allows for a deeper understanding of financial inclusion and internet access's impact on these segments. The findings highlight that financial inclusion and internet access positively influence the income of poor households. Specifically, savings ownership increases the income of poor households. Access to credit positively affects income for the lowest 40% income bracket. However, internet access mainly influences sales and purchases within the 40% lowest income group, with limited use in purchasing activities.
PENILAIAN KINERJA (PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT) PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PRAKTIKUM MATERI LARUTAN PENYANGGA (BUFFER)
Authors: SA’DIAH HALIMATUN , Lazulva Lazulva , Yasthophi Arif
Published: August 2024

This research aimed at knowing the students' performance ability in conducting chemistry practicum using performance assessment instruments.  Questionnaires and student psychomotor observation sheets on buffer solution material were used for collecting the data, the observation sheet has indicators: 1) preparing preparations before doing the practicum, 2) skills in preparing tools and materials, 3) skills in conducting experiments in accordance with the practicum guide, 4) skills in using tools and taking materials, 5) drawing skills or recording the results of practical observations, 6) ability in creating, taking initiative.  This research was conducted at Vocational High Schools of Ikasari Pharmacy and Abdurab Pekanbaru.  This research used a qualitative descriptive.  The population in this research were students at Vocational High Schools of Ikasari Pharmacy and Abdurab Pekanbaru with samples 61 students that were selected using a purposive sampling technique.  The assessment results of the performance indicators in preparing preparations before conducting the practicum was 95.49%, skills in preparing tools and materials were 85.04%, skills in conducting experiments in accordance with the practicum guide was 88.66%, skills in using tools and taking materials were 93.03%, skills in drawing or recording the results of practical observations was 88.93% and the ability in creating, taking initiative were 88.17%, Overall the mean scores of the results students’ performance assessment in practicum the buffer solution material were 89.88%.  Based on these results, it could be concluded that the student performance assessment observation sheet was in very good category in measuring students' psychomotor abilities on the main topic of buffer solutions. Keywords: Performance Assessment Instrument, Psychomotor Ability, Buffer Solution
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN QUIZLET TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI B3 (BAHAN BERBAHAYA DAN BERACUN)
Authors: Oktari Yati , Okmarisa Heppy
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena pemanfaatan teknologi sebagai media pembelajaran masih kurang dan monoton sehingga hasil belajar siswa rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran quizlet terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi B3 (Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun) di SMK Abdurrab Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian ini quasi eksperimen dan desain yang digunakan pretest-posttest control grup design. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X, sedangkan sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X TF 1 sebagai kelas kontrol dan X TF 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, tes berupa soal objektif dengan pengolahan data menggunakan uji-t dan uji koefisien determinasi, dan dokumentasi. Pada uji-t diperoleh hasil sig (2-tailed) = 0.002 < 0.05 yang berarti H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Uji koefisien determinasi diperoleh nilai (r2) = 0.173, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran quizlet berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi B3 (Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun) sebesar 17.3%.
Pergeseran Peran Anak Laki-Laki Tertua dalam Adat Lampung Saibatin
Authors: Yulia Deti , Ma’mun Sukron , Maliki Ibnu Akbar
Published: August 2024

Dalam adat Lampung Saibatin, anak laki-laki disebut Pesesekh Nyawa, di mana ia adalah segalanya dan berperan penting dalam keluarga. Bila seseorang tidak memiliki anak laki-laki maka kurang sempurna hidupnya. Jadi, anak laki-laki sangat diutamakan didalam Adat Lampung Saibatin, karena mereka akan menjadi peyambung silsilah keluarga, ahli waris harta pusaka dan memelihara hukum adat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pergeseran peran anak laki-laki tertua di Pekon Negeri Ratu Ngambur Kecamatan Ngambur Kabupaten Pesisir Barat menurut hukum keluarga Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dan bersifat deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan observasi serta dianalisis dengan metode induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk-bentuk pergeseran peran anak laki-laki tertua dalam Adat Lampung Saibatin, yaitu: Pertama, sebagai penerus gelar adat, anak laki-laki tidak lagi menginginkan menjadi penerus gelar adat dan tugas adat. Kedua, pergeseran peran sebagai ahli waris yang mana pembagiannya menggunakan hukum Islam dan musyawarah. Ketiga, pergeseran peran sebagai pemimpin dan pengayom keluarga, dikarenakan tanggungjawab keluarga tidak dipusatkan kepada anak laki-laki tertua dan fokus terhadap kehidupan keluarga masing-masing. Keempat, pergeseran sebagai wali nikah jika telah memenuhi syarat sebagai wali nikah dan senasab. Jika dianalisis menggunakan urf, maka hal tersebut diperbolehkan karena termasuk kedalam urf shahih, karena telah memenuhi syarat sebagai urf  (hukum kebiasaan)
Syibhul Iddah as a Form of Justice for Women Mubadalah Perspective
Authors: Resa Teresa , Kurniawan Cecep Soleh
Published: August 2024

Iddah is one of the consequences that women must undergo after a divorce, whether in divorce due to divorce, or divorce due to death. The Quranic provision on iddah is an absolute provision that must be followed. The legal basis for iddah is found in the Qur'an letter Al-Baqarah verse 228, letter Al-Ahzab verse 49. Iddah obligations are also regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) in article 170 paragraph 1 the wife is obliged to observe the iddah period, while in article 170 paragraph 2 it is explained that men observe the iddah period according to propriety. Of course, this has experienced problems in terms of relations between husband, wife and children, the families concerned, and women again experience discrimination where women have to run the iddah period according to a predetermined time while men do not run this appropriate term there is no specification of the length of time that is run, it seems that it is only a formality. The purpose of this research is to find out whether syibul iddah is a form of justice for women, to find out the impact of benefits for women and men with the existence of syibhul iddah in the view of maslahah mursalah and syibhul iddah as legal reform (social engineering) in Indonesia. This paper uses a library research method, using a descriptive analysis approach, namely by describing the text in KHI and other regulations in Indonesia regarding the existence of iddah then analysed using mubadalah. From this explanation, the result of the author's analysis is that syibhul iddah has a good impact on household relations because it provides justice for women and also provides benefits for the prevention of covert polygamy against women. Syibhul Iddah is needed in life as a legal reform (social engineering).Keywords: Syibhul Iddah, Mubadalah, Maslahah Mursalah, Social Engineering.
Analisis Maqashid Asy-Syari’ah terhadap Kelahiran melalui Operasi Caesar
Authors: Haryani Ica , Rohmat H. , Santoso Rudi
Published: August 2024

Operasi caesar adalah suatu cara melahirkan janin dengan membuat sayatan pada dinding uterus melalui dinding depan perut untuk mengeluarkan janin dari dalam rahim. Operasi caesar sekarang dilakukan bukan hanya untuk menyelamatkan ibu maupun janin saja tetapi juga untuk memenuhi keinginan pribadi seseorang. Untuk itu, perlu melihat lebih dalam bagaimana hukum Operasi Caesar tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Abdul Moeloek, dengan sumber data diperoleh secara langusng dari narasumber melalui wawancara. Analisis maqashid asy-syari’ah terhadap kelahiran melalui operasi caesar di RSUD Abdul Moeloek dengan alasan darurat termasuk maqashid asy-syari’ah yang menempati hifz al-nafs atau memelihara jiwa pada tingkatan dharuriyyat dan dihukumi wajib yang mana jika tidak dilakukan operasi caesar akan menimbulkan kematian bagi si ibu atau bayinya, sedangkan untuk menjaga vaginanya agar tetap rapat termasuk maqashid asy-syariah pada tingkatan hajiyyat dan dihukumi sunnah yang mana tujuannya benar-benar untuk menjaga vagina demi menyenangkan suami dan terjaganya rumah tangga, dan memilih tanggal cantik termasuk maqashid asy-syari’ah pada tingkatan tahsiniyat dan dihukumi boleh jika alasan memilih tanggal cantik tersebut dengan harapan sebagai pembawa kebahagiaan ataupun keberkahan.
Augmented reality-based flashcard media to improve students' concept understanding in chemistry learning
Authors: Izzati Latansa Naelal , Kamaludin Agus
Published: August 2024

The reaction processes in voltaic cells are abstract, so media is needed to visualize them. This research aims to develop flashcard media based on augmented reality using voltaic cell material. This research uses the ADDIE model, including analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research instruments used were product quality assessment sheets and student response sheets. Based on the results of assessments from material experts, media experts, reviewers, and student responses, ideal percentages were obtained at 90%, 89.23%, 90.58%, and 98.3%. Based on the assessment results, it can be concluded that augmented reality-based flashcard learning media is included in the very feasible category. It can be used as an alternative media to increase students' understanding of concepts in voltaic cell material. This research emphasizes developing learning media by utilizing technological advances.