bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prof. Miyagawa's teaching on "direct action"
Authors: Viktorov K. R.
Published: February 2022

In the last 3 - 4 years, the theory of Professor of Kazan Veterinary Institute M.G. Tushnov has been attracting attention. Tushnov about excitatory action on vital activity of organs and tissues of protein products of decay of the same organs and tissues. This doctrine was formulated quite recently - in the February book of the "Kazan Medical Journal" of this year, when sufficiently accumulated material allowed Prof. Tushnov to rely on it.In view of the fact that the doctrine of Prof. Miyagawa represents a theory almost coinciding with the doctrine of Prof. Tushnov, it is interesting to get acquainted with it - especially since the experimental direction, which Miyagawa gave his thought, somewhat differs from the direction of Tushnov, starting from the same starting point, both authors then diverge under the angle, and one (Tushnov) mainly goes further on physiological line, another (Miuagawa) - mainly on pathological one.
Age-related changes in clitoral receptors
Authors: Zhdanova V. I.
Published: February 2022

Taking into account the lack of studies on the innervation of the clitoris in the age aspect, we undertook the study of changes in the terminal nervous apparatus of the human clitoris in ontogenesis. The material was pieces of the clitoris taken from the corpses of women of various ages in the first 24 hours after death. A total of 76 objects were used.
Results of radiotherapy at the Radiumhemet Institute in Stockholm. Westmann (from Ber. ü. d. ges. Gyn., Bd. XII)
Authors: Timofeev A.
Published: February 2022

The author reports the results of radiotherapy for vaginal cancers, the incidence of which does not exceed 2% among other cancers of the genital sphere. A total of 21 cases were treated. In most cases they were squamous-epithelial cancers located in the posterior fornix of the sleeve; sometimes it was difficult to distinguish them from secondary cancers transferred from the portio. Most often, primary cancers of the sleeve occurred between the ages of 30 and 40 years.
Treatment of salvary dermatitis with sodium thiosulfate. Bogdanov and Tereshkevich (Ven. and Derm., 1927, No. 12)
Authors: Yasnitsky N.
Published: February 2022

The dermatitis often observed after the use of salvarsan requires special attention. The currently successfully used treatment with sodium thiosulfate is a truly radical remedy, which reliably stops this extremely painful complication of salvarsan therapy in a short period of time.
On the mechanism of periodic activity of the digestive apparatus outside of digestion
Authors: Shcherbakov S. A. , Puchkov N. V. , Dmitriev V. R.
Published: February 2022

About work of the digestive apparatus outside the period of digestion we had till 1904 only separate, fragmentary indications (Bruno, Shirokikh, Walter, Cheshkov, Klodnitsky, Katznelson, and only with occurrence of capital research of Prof. V.N.Boldyrev this question became a subject for all-round and wide studying. Periodic activity of the digestive apparatus has been established on many animals, Boldyrev on dogs, Mangold on birds, Boldyrev on chickens, Boldyrev and Shcherbakov on cats and, finally, S. Anichkov on man. According to the assurance of Prof. Boldyrev, such activity is peculiar to all animals.
On the treatment of hemorrhoids with sclerosing injections
Authors: Gremyachkin M. N.
Published: February 2022

The frequent recurrence of hemorrhoids after surgical treatment, on the one hand, and the reluctance of many patients to undergo surgery, on the other hand, lead to the search for non-bloody ways to treat this disease. Of these methods, physiotherapeutic methods (diathermy, electrocoagulation), Boas's method of coagulation injections (alcohol) and the method of fibrous (sclerosing) injections are widespread. The latter method is used mainly in France, and in the hands of Sicard, Gaugier and Bensade it gave very good results. Having acquainted with it for the first time at the beginning of 1926, at the clinic of Bensadey, I widely used it during 2 years, first at the hospital therapeutic clinic of Samara University, then at the hospital of Dorzdrav. The present report is the fruit of 2 years of observation over the results of such treatment.
Treatment of malaria
Authors: Sherman S. I.
Published: February 2022

As mentioned above, the Ukrainian Tropical Institute widely uses subcutaneous injections of methylene blue together with quinine in pl. praecox: the lowest recurrence rate is obtained just by this method of treatment. The school of Prof. Kisel, on the contrary, seems to be skeptical about methylene blue; thus, Belyaev in his conclusions states that methylene blue has very little effect on malaria. Prof. Alekseev in his article "To specific treatment of malaria" says that methylene blue apparently acts as a substance that excites defenses, but is not, unlike quinine, a parasiticidal substance; it gives relatively good results for m. quartana.
Toward questions about tropical malaria sub partu and congenital malaria
Authors: Magid M. I.
Published: February 2022

Questions about the course of malaria during pregnancy and about the relationship between malaria and pregnancy can be considered more or less studied, but to date there are very few observations as to the effect of malaria on the parturition process. Similarly, the opposite effect of the act of childbirth on the course of malaria disease is almost entirely absent from the literature.
Hepatography. Einhorn (Presse mèd., 1927, No. 79)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

The author indicates that injected tetraiodophenolphthalein can give, on radiography, liver shadows. This occurs 2 hours after administration of the solution through the duodenal tube, or 6 hours after administration by mouth.
On the fate of blood poured into the abdominal cavity. S. V. Heinatz (Nov. Khir. Arkh., 1928, No. 60)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

On the basis of experimental and clinical data Dr. S.V. Heinatz was convinced that the blood poured into the abdominal cavity is absorbed mainly through the lymphatic system of the diaphragm. Within 24 hours the absorption of blood usually ends even with large hemorrhages, and the tilted position of the body according to Trendelenburg accelerates the absorption by almost 2 times.
Reaction of sedimentation of erythrocytes in surgical diseases. N. I. Sorokin (Nov. Khir. Arkh., 1928, No. 34)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

Based on the study of 138 surgical patients the author found that this reaction, being an indicator of the degree of intoxication of the organism by the products of inflammatory decay, can play an important role in the diagnosis of inflammatory diseases. In the smooth course of the postoperative period the sedimentation reaction is accelerated, especially after laparotomies, which depends on the intensified absorption of wound secretions by peritoneum.
The effect of recurrence grafting on the eye. Grönblad (Acta ophth., Bd. 5)
Authors: Adamyuk V.
Published: February 2022

Regarding the method of treating some diseases of the central nervous system by inoculation of relapsing typhus, the author draws attention to the possibility of eye damage in this case, just as it happens in independent typhoidal processes.
Treatment of syphilis with malaria. Bering (Wien. klin. Woch., 1928, No. 28)
Authors: Weinstein A.
Published: February 2022

Using Kyrle's methodology, the author treated 700 patients with malaria-salvarsan-bismuth therapy with beginning progressive paralysis, spina bifida, sero- and liquor-positive syphilis, Bi and Nco-resistant cases and fresh syphilis cases. In all of these cases, both clinical and laboratory findings are excellent.
To pertussis vaccine prevention and therapy
Authors: Reznik R. E.
Published: February 2022

By its excruciating character, duration of course and accompanying complications, pertussis is one of the severe diseases of the child's body. The difficulty of early diagnosis in the first, catarrhal, most contagious period of infection (according to a number of authors, e.g., Weill, Combu, Feer, contagiousness in the convulsive period is weaker or absent) and great susceptibility of children to it greatly complicate the fight against this disease. In closed institutions, where a large number of children are in constant and close contact, with the difficulty of isolation, create particularly favorable conditions for the spread of infection, and the more acute is the question of combating it.
To the functional diagnosis of the heart. Palcso (Zeit. f. Keislauff. 1928, No. 15)
Authors: Raisky S. M.
Published: February 2022

Having studied the breath-hold test proposed by Gnczu on 53 patients with heart, kidney and vascular diseases, the author found that establishing the duration of breath-hold is a simple and reliable method of determining the efficiency of the heart.
Effect of sterilization on the strength of silk ligatures. Scаrff (Ann. ofsurg., 1927)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

The author was convinced that the strength of silk ligatures decreases considerably when they are boiled in introduction, while during steam sterilization in an autoclave, if the steam is released before the threads are extracted, the silk strength, on the contrary, is not affected, and immersion of silk threads in sterile mineral oil makes them more strong.
A new method of access to the third branch of the trigeminal nerve. Irger (Zentr. f. Chir., 1928, No. 27)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

After examining 112 skulls, the author verified that the distance between the outer edge of the fissurae orbitalis inf. and the tuberculum articulare was 5.7 centimeters, and the distance between the fissura orbitalis inf. and foramen ovale was 5.6 centimeters, i.e. 1 mlm less.
Treatment of deep-lying lung abscesses. M. Saidman (Zentr. f. Chir. 1928, No. 28)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

In the absence of fusion between the costal and pulmonary pleura M. Saidman recommends to achieve formation of such fusion by placing a sponge filling on the rib pleura. By this way the author obtained in dogs dense, persistent fissures between the sponge, pleura and surface of the lung.
Application of hypertonic solutions of table salt in intestinal obstruction. Coleman (on ref. in Zentr. f. Chir., 1928, No. 27)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

In 42 cases of application of hypertonic saline solutions in ileus the author observed an improvement in the general condition of patients and a decrease in postoperative mortality from 50% to 11%. The author suggests that hypertonic saline solutions neutralize toxaemia observed in ileus.
Treatment of the diseases of Perthes, Köhler and others. Katzenstein (Zentr. f. Chir., 1928, No. 30)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

The author suggests filling the defect under the cartilage with bone marrow to treat these diseases. For this purpose he opens the medullary cavity of the tibia with two longitudinal, 3 cm. long, and one transverse, 11/2 cm. long, incisions, gently lifts up the bone flap with an elevator so as not to break it, and takes the marrow.
Apicosan in ocular practice. Passow (Klin. Mon. f. Aug., Bd. 79)
Authors: Adamyuk V.
Published: February 2022

The beneficial effect of bee stings in rheumatic diseases gave grounds to prepare (Pollack) apicosan from bees (marketed by Wohlf's laboratory in Bielefeld, in ampoules of 1.0 q.s.). This remedy is used in the form of intermuscular injections in ascending doses, 0.3 to 1.0, every 3 to 4 days. Passow, having tried it in ocular practice, was convinced that it was beneficial in acute and often also in chronic rheumatic iridocyclitis, and also, apparently, in gouty iritis.
III All-Ukrainian Congress of Surgeons
Authors: Eiber S. M.
Published: February 2022

The III All-Ukrainian surgeons' congress was held in Dnepropetrovsk on September 10-14. It was attended by about 500 members, among whom over 300 came from near and far peripheries (Leningrad, Moscow, Turkmenistan, Baku, Tiflis, Samarkand). Representatives from Party, public, and scientific organizations pointed out in their greetings that the proletarian congress was an event of exceptional importance and a great cultural celebration; it demonstrated the unity of labor and science, charting the way for a successful fight against traumatism.
Antitoxic coli serum in purulent progressions in the abdominal cavity. Dr. N. Köhler (Zentr. f. Chir., 1928, No. 39)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

In 14 cases with good results, the author tested Katzenstein's method-antitoxic serum against bac. coli to treat coli-bacillary peritonitis. In limited processes, where the toxic effect is of secondary importance, the serum has almost no benefit.
Prof. I.G. Kurlov. Classification of Siberian healing mineral waters. Tomsk. 1928. 73 pp. price 1 ruble
Authors: Lozinsky A. A.
Published: February 2022

The classification of Siberian mineral waters is made according to the principle proposed by professor Kurlov in 1921. The author denotes the composition of mineral water as a fraction, the numerator of which represents anions in milligram equivalent-percentages, and the denominator - cations. The fraction is preceded by a number determining, in grams, the total mineralization of a given water.
Disease incidence among medical personnel in Kazan (according to local insurance company)
Authors: Lifshitz M. S.
Published: February 2022

Data of insurance companies on the incidence of diseases of the insured, of course, do not give such a complete picture of the state of health of this or that occupational group, which we get during a detailed physical examination. Nevertheless, these data, although schematic and incomplete, reflecting the dynamics of diseases, are, in our opinion, quite valuable subsidiary material for the study of occupational disease incidence. This induced us to work on development of Kazan health care workers' morbidity data, covering the period from 1/Х 1925 to 1/Х 1926. While comparing with morbidity of other groups we used tables of Dr. Pleschitzer from his article "General morbidity of insured in Kazan". Kazan" for the same period.
On the question of spontaneous gangrene in young subjects. Oberthus (Revue de chir., 1927, No. 9)
Authors: Znamensky M.
Published: February 2022

Oberthus, referring to the etiology of gangrene, notes a particular predisposition of the Jewish race to it. Anatomical substrate of gangrene is degenerative changes of arterial walls expressed in destruction of the inner elastic layer and intimal loosening by granulation tissue with subsequent obliteration of the artery, in the absence of any traces of thrombosis. He considers Oppel's theory untenable, because: a) the fact of hyperadrenalineemia in gangrene is not proved (blood of healthy people may have the same vasoconstrictive properties, and gangrene was sometimes observed in people with one adrenal gland); b) blood changes (hyperglycemia, increased number of erythrocytes, etc.) in this disease fluctuate from time to time. ) in this disease fluctuate in the range close to normal and uncharacteristic; c) in the removed adrenal glands are found hypertrophy of the cortical layer, but not of the brain layer, which produces adrenaline.
Hysteroscopy (metoscopy). Gauss (Arch. f. Gyn., Bd. 133, H. 1)
Authors: Sergeev V.
Published: February 2022

Gauss speaks with great praise of this method of examination, by means of which the presence of fetal remains in the uterus, uterine polyps and uterine body cancer can be recognized, the cause of uterine bleeding and the course of the reverse development of the puerperal uterus can be diagnosed. It is possible, then, that with this method gynecologists will be able to inspect uterine tubal mouths, probe and catheterize the canals of the latter. Hysteroscopy is contraindicated in pregnancy, infectious diseases of the genital tract and diseases of the appendages. Its performance requires strict adherence to the rules of asepsis.
Börner B. Erinnerungen eines Revolutionärs. Ed. by Dr. Menke-Glückert. 2 vols. 655 pp. Ed. by Haberland, Leipzig.
Authors: Gasul R. Ya.
Published: February 2022

Extremely interesting memoirs of a German physician who was a revolutionary social revolutionary in 1848, who did much for the public medicine of his time. He founded in 1875 the famous and very widespread German weekly "Deutsche med. Wochenschrift", as well as a number of other publications that still exist today, was founded by him. Reading the memoirs of a young student and already a mature champion of national happiness and health, we experience the era of Wilhelm IV, an era of reaction and a period of liberation struggles of the best sons of Germany.
From the memoirs of Professor S. S. Zimnitsky
Authors: Predtechensky A. M.
Published: February 2022

At the suggestion of the esteemed chairman of the Society of Physicians at Kazan University, it has fallen to me the honor to share my recollections of the late Prof. S. S. Zimnitsky. As one who worked with the late S. S. for about 10 years and was associated with him personally, I recall many strokes of his life both from his personal accounts and partly from his autobiography.
Immunological aspects of long-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Authors: Veretennikov S. V. , Trusov V. V. , Dmitriev A. A. , Suskova V. S.
Published: February 2022

The results of a comprehensive study of immune homeostasis in 45 patients with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are presented. In 50% of the examined patients, the absolute number of leukocytes was reduced, in a third - the number of lymphocytes and the total population of T-lymphocytes, in every second patient - the number of T-helpers and in a quarter - T-suppressors, and quite significantly. In 50% of patients, a sharp decrease in the immunoregulatory index, a significant decrease in the absolute number of B-lymphocytes were found. A significant increase in the content of activated T-lymphocytes and a decrease in the number of null lymphocytes were revealed, there was a disimmunoglobulinemia. In 50% of patients, the activity of the C3 component of the complement and the level of the CEC were increased.
On the individual properties of alexin. Friese and Silber (Jour. Exp. Biol., 1927, No. 20)
Authors: Weinstein A.
Published: February 2022

Two properties of complement are distinguished: 1) hemolytic ability and 2) the ability to bind (deviability) not standing in relation to each other (complement with a good hemolytic titer can bind poorly and vice versa). Observations on a number of syphilitic sera have shown them that with the same ingredients and methodology, the same lab technician will get different results in the same syphilitic sera, depending on the different deviability of the individual complement (with the same hemolytic titer).
Mortality in goiter surgery. R. Syring (Zentr. f. Chir., 1927, No. 50)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: February 2022

The author reports 1000 cases of goiter operations without a single fatal outcome. He attributes this success to the strict development of indications for surgery and the technique of surgery.
Treatment of postpartum infection with intravenous infusions of anti-streptococcal serum. Jonescu (by Ber. n. d. ges. Gyn., Bd. XII)
Authors: Timofeev A.
Published: February 2022

The author emphasizes that the treatment should start as early as possible and be carried out with large doses. The technique consists in administering to the patient 500 c.c. of physiological saline solution with adrenaline for 11/2 hours, and to this solution the anti-streptococcal serum is gradually added.
Treatment of gonorrhea by malaria vaccination. Ter-Gasparian (Ven. and Derm., 1927, No. 10)
Authors: Weinstein A.
Published: February 2022

Recently, a number of German authors (Lenzmann, Hoffmann and Schreber) have been using artificial inoculations of malaria with great success in male and female gonorrhea, especially those complicated and difficult to treat locally. A sharp dissonance in this respect is the work of Ter-Gasparian, who, working in a malarial area (Sukhum), had under his supervision for more than a year 114 gonorrhea patients suffering simultaneously from natural malaria.
R. Sommer. Familienforschung. Vererbungs- und Rassenlehre. III. Auflage mit 54 Abbildungen. VII+519, Leipzig, 1927, Preis brosch. RM, 30
Authors: Galant I.
Published: February 2022

A remarkable book by the Gieen professor of psychiatry R. Sommer on the study of families and the doctrine of heredity and race consists of two main parts. It would be worthwhile to dwell on each of the above chapters in more or less detail, since everywhere in the book there are new ideas and original views which every physician who follows the development of the medical sciences and related fields should become acquainted with, losing himself, after all, in such questions as the migration of peoples and the mixing of races. This, however, would mean stretching a book review to several dozen pages. It is therefore necessary to be satisfied with brief indications of the most important things in S.'s book, which cannot be passed over without mentioning them, even in a brief review. This includes, first of all, the author's doctrine of epimixis.
Lumbar puncture in chorea. Gassoute, Raybaud and Montus (Bull. de la Soc. de Ped. de Paris, 1928, No. 1)
Authors: Tarnopolsky I.
Published: February 2022

The authors report 3 cases where chorea in children went away after a lumbar puncture and remind us that 10 other similar cases have been published in the literature. In these cases, one puncture was sufficient for the involuntary movements to cease completely and not to resume for more or less a long time.
Is pregnancy a risk factor for kidney stones?
Authors: Poghosyan A. M. , Shevtsova E. V.
Published: February 2022

In the urine of pregnant women, a relatively high content of silicon was found, which increases the colloidal properties of urine and prevents the precipitation of the ingredients of urinary stones (urates, phosphates, oxalates). At the same time, it is known that during pregnancy such factors appear and increase in intensity that contribute to stone formation in the urinary tract - urinary stasis, urinary tract infection, shifts in electrolyte metabolism. A similar situation is observed in patients with silicosis, who also have a high content of silicon in the urine, but it does not reach such values ​​as in pregnant women. For the same reason, patients with silicosis rarely develop urolithiasis. With an increase in the number of pregnancies, the risk of urolithiasis does not increase.
Therapeutic tactics for postoperative reflux gastritis
Authors: Kuznetsov V. A. , Fedorov I. V. , Slavin L. E.
Published: February 2022

Gastritis of the operated stomach has been known since the time of the first resections and gastroenterostomies. The term "reflux gastritis", or "postoperative alkaline reflux gastritis", has recently become widespread, which made it possible to look at the problem of its prevention and treatment from a new perspective.
Interregional educational and methodological conference on teaching at the medical university of valeology (Perm, October 10-11, 1990)
Authors: Mikusev Yu. E.
Published: February 2022

At the conference, reports were heard and discussed on the organizational and methodological aspects of teaching the science of health - valueology at a medical university. Recommendations are given for systematization, as well as for increasing the theoretical and applied orientation of the knowledge of medical students on the issues of preserving and strengthening the health of the individual, the formation of a healthy lifestyle.
The 2016 Nine Mile Ranch Earthquakes: Hazard and Tectonic Implications of Orthogonal Conjugate Faulting in the Walker Lane
Authors: Hatch-Ibarra Rachel L. , Abercrombie Rachel E. , Ruhl Christine J. , Smith Kenneth D. , Hammond William C. , Pierce Ian K.
Published: February 2022

The Nine Mile Ranch (NMR) sequence began with three Mw 5.4–5.6 earthquakes within one hour of each other in December 2016 in the remote area of Fletcher Valley, Nevada; only 4 min separated the first and second events. We analyze this complex earthquake sequence in the Walker Lane to determine the geometry and driving mechanism(s), and to improve understanding of deformation and seismic hazard in this region. Field reconnaissance found that these earthquakes caused significant damage to the Nine Mile ranch house but no surface rupture. We precisely relocate 6000+ earthquakes to reveal activated planar structures, unmapped at the surface, including two large, orthogonal, conjugate faults. Moment tensor solutions, focal mechanisms, and relocations show the two conjugate faults to be a vertical, northeast-trending left-lateral strike-slip fault, and a northwest-trending right-lateral strike-slip fault that dips ∼60° to the northeast. The three main events lie at the intersection of both the faults, but the locations and orientations are most consistent with the first (Mw 5.6) and third (Mw 5.5) events rupturing the left-lateral northeast-trending fault plane; the second event (Mw 5.4) ruptured the right-lateral northwest-trending fault plane. Calculated static stress changes support this interpretation. Smaller events and structures show predominantly strike-slip and normal faulting. We calculate the local interseismic strain rate tensor and coseismic displacements using Global Positioning System data to determine whether nearby volcanic centers played a role in causing the fault geometry. Our results, combined with the spatiotemporal development of the sequence and the moment tensor solutions, indicate that regional scale tectonic forces are the dominant driving factors of this sequence. The NMR sequence adds to the documented variety of spatiotemporal patterns and driving mechanisms of earthquake sequences and swarms within the Walker Lane, providing further information and constraints on seismic hazard in this active region.
Experiences of Autistic Clients in Nordoff-Robbins Music Therapy
Authors:   , Low Ming Yuan , Bradt Joke
Published: February 2022

Research in music therapy and autistic people to date has predominantly focused on communication and social interaction outcomes. No research exists that seeks to understand participant perspectives regarding their experiences of music therapy and the goals they want to pursue. Therefore, this interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) sought to explore the lived experiences of young autistic adults in Nordoff-Robbins Music Therapy (NRMT). Four autistic young adult men who had received at least 6 months of music therapy services at the Nordoff-Robbins Center for Music Therapy participated in this study. Each participant engaged in four to five interview sessions to share their experiences of NRMT and the role NRMT plays in their life. Interviews were analyzed using the IPA method. A summary of the results was shared with each participant to ensure sensitivity to and accuracy of their lived experiences. Three themes emerged from the analysis: 1) Participants attend NRMT to develop their musicianship and personal selves; 2) participants create meaningful relationships with their peers, music therapists, and music; and 3) participants bring their sociocultural identities into music therapy sessions. These findings offer new considerations in understanding of how NRMT clients identify their musical selves and why they attend music therapy sessions.
Impact of Incentive Programs on Organizational Growth: A Case Study
Authors: Hossain Muhammed Zakir , Urme Umma Nusrat
Published: February 2022

In this study, we discussed Maritz LLC's incentives, motivation, and incentive programs so that the reader can easily understand the core concept of incentives. We have discussed the various incentives that most organizations are currently using to motivate their employees, customers, and dealers or distributors to perform better. We also included some of the most widely used incentive theories adopted by Maritz LLC, which have changed the modern world's view of incentives and their implications. These theories give us a better understanding of the various needs that people have and the importance of those needs. The theories also told us what kinds of incentives are significant and how important they are. Finally, we compare what the theory implies to what an organization like Maritz LLC is doing to improve its overall performance. We also attempted to identify the parallels and differences between theory and application.
Comparative analysis of proteins associated with 26S and 20S proteasomes isolated from rabbit brain and liver
Authors: Buneeva O.A. , Kopylov A.T. , Zgoda V.G. , Gnedenko O.V. , Kaloshina S.A. , Medvedeva M.V. , Ivanov A.S. , Medvedev A.E.
Published: February 2022

We have isolated fractions of 26S and 20S proteasomes were from the rabbit liver and the brain. According to mass spectrometric (MS) analysis, the 26S proteasome fractions from these organs contained catalytic and regulatory subunits characteristic of the proteasome core and regulatory subunits. The 20S fractions of brain and liver proteasomes contained only catalytic proteasome subunits. In addition to proteasome subunits, the isolated fractions contained components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, ubiquitinated proteins, enzymes that play an important role in metabolic processes, cytoskeletal components, signaling, regulatory, and protective proteins, as well as proteins regulating gene expression, cell division, and differentiation. The abundance of a number of proteasome-associated proteins was comparable or exceeded the abundance of intrinsic proteasome components. About a third of the proteins common to all studied fractions (26S and 20S of brain and liver proteasomes) belong to the group of multifunctional proteins. Selective biosensor validation confirmed the affinity binding of proteins (aldolase, phosphoglycerate kinase) identified during MS analysis to the brain 20S proteasome. Comparison of the subproteomes of the 26S and 20S brain proteasomes showed that removal of components of the regulatory (19S) subparticles caused almost two-fold increase in the total number of individual proteins associated with the core part of the proteasome (20S). In the liver, the number of proteins associated with the core part of the proteasome remained basically unchanged after the removal of the components of the regulatory (19S) subparticles. This indicates that in the brain and, possibly, in other organs, proteins of the regulatory (19S) subunit play an important role in the formation of the proteasome interactome.
Screening analysis of proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors in the leaflets of epoxy-treated bioprosthetic heart valves explanted due to dysfunction
Authors: Kostyunin A.E. , Glushkova T.V. , Shishkova D.K. , Markova V.E. , Ovcharenko E.A.
Published: February 2022

Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) are known for their lower thrombogenicity rates and excellent hemodynamic parameters similar to native valves. However, the lifespan of these medical devices is limited to 15 years due to the structural valve degeneration. One of the mechanisms underlying functional impairment and calcification of BHVs includes proteolytic degradation of biomaterials. However, proteases found in xenogeneic BHVs tissue remain poorly studied. In this study using the dot blot assay, we have performed a screening analysis of proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors in the leaflets of five BHVs explanted due to their dysfunction. Five aortic valves (AVs) explanted due to calcific aortic valve disease were studied as a comparison group. The results of the study have demonstrated that at least 17 proteases and 19 of their inhibitors can be found in BHVs. In the AVs 20 proteases and 21 their inhibitors were identified. Small quantitative differences were noted between proteomic profiles of the BHVs and AVs. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were expressed in BHVs and AVs at comparable levels, but the level of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-1/-2 and RECK protein in implant tissues was lower than in natural valves. Probably, excessive activity of MMPs cannot be counterbalanced by their inhibitors in BHVs and therefore MMPs can degrade prosthetic biomaterial. Moreover, the detection of a wide range of proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors in the degenerated BHVs suggests the existence of several pathophysiological pathways that can lead to structural valve degeneration.
An analytical study of gallstones by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique
Authors: Bilagi Anil , Godhi Ashok S.
Published: February 2022

Background: Cholelithiasis continues to be a serious human health concern and presently cholecystectomy is the only adopted standard treatment option. Gallstones’ chemical structures differ in different demographic groups. Accurate analysis of the constituents of gallstones may help us to understand their etiopathogenesis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR) can identify the composition of gallstones by creating a spectrum of infrared absorption.Methods: A hospital based one year observational study was conducted in KLES’ Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi and 120 gallstones were collected post laparoscopic/open cholecystectomy. After FTIR spectroscopic analysis gallstones were classified based on the FTIR spectrum peaks.Results: Cholesterol, bilirubin and calcium carbonate are the components identified based on the standard FTIR spectrum characteristics with cholesterol being the commonest followed by bilirubin. Brown colored stones were more common followed by black. We classified gallstones into 3 groups based on FTIR analysis as: pure cholesterol stones, pure bilirubin stones and mixed type of stones. Mixed type of gallstones containing cholesterol and bilirubin were more common.Conclusions: The study concludes cholelithiasis is common in females and in age group more than 40 years. Mixed types of gallstones are the commonest. Cholesterol followed by bilirubin are the major constituents of the gallstones.
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis complicating as Fournier’s gangrene
Authors: Anand Gautam , Nagpal Ashutosh , Sharma Deborshi
Published: February 2022

Scrotal involvement is extremely rare complication of acute necrotising pancreatitis. It presents as scrotal swelling and skin color change, which mimics the presentations of testicular torsion, epididymitis, and testicular tumor. Early diagnosis can significantly reduce the associated mortality both with necrotising pancreatitis and Fournier gangrene. Thorough clinical examination along with abdominopelvic Computed Tomography provides a useful means of diagnosing this complication. Here, we are presenting a case of acute necrotising pancreatitis with collection in left pararenal space tracking all the way to reach the left inguinal canal till the root of scrotum, being managed successfully after early diagnosis with early debridement and application of vacuum assisted drainage.
Factors affecting data quality of health management information system at township level, Bago region, Myanmar
Authors: Hlaing Thein , Myint Zaw M.
Published: February 2022

Background: Health information from Health management information system (HMIS) is the core essential operator for strengthening the health system. The effectiveness of the Myanmar health system is challenged by the poor-quality assurance of healthcare data.  Methods: The aim of the quantitative study was to evaluate the township HMIS to assess the factors affecting the data quality assurance through three main aspects; organizational, technical, and behavioral. In this cross-sectional study, eight townships from four districts in Bago Region were randomly picked. Under these townships, from a random sample of 117 public health facilities altogether, 273 public health professionals (PHPs) were culled and 291 HMIS registers and 1270 HMIS monthly reports were reviewed. The researchers applied the PRISM tools developed for assessing district and facility HMIS. SPSS assisted the researchers in computing the frequencies and percentages, practicing cross-tabulation, and analyzing bivariate statistics using the Cox proportional hazards model.Results: Out of 281 PHPs invited, 273 were likely to participate in this study. The overall prevalence of the HMIS data quality was 30.4%. Poor data quality assurance was associated with the burden of workload (95%CI-1.16-2.91), poor management ability of the supervisors (95%CI-1.22-2.54), weak handover practice of the HMIS document (95%CI-1.65-2.22), and unavailability of HMIS resources (95%CI-1.12-2.45). The statistically significant relationships were found between low-quality data and some technical factors such as inexpertness for data analysis (95%CI-1.14-2.19), over-workload of paper-based HMIS (95%CI-1.21-2.44), differences between information systems (95%CI-1.22-2.81), and multiple reporting (95%CI-1.64-2.36). There were significant associations between the unacceptable data quality and the human factors such as lower scores of perceived confidences (95%CI-1.18-2.29), competence (95%CI-1.17-2.77), and promotion of the culture of information (95%CI-1.09-2.33).Conclusions: Current township HMIS data quality is unacceptable. It is necessary to strengthen several factors relating to organization, technology and behaviors of HMIS and to develop the effective township-level strategic plan for improving data quality.
A study on prevalence and risk factors associated with anaemia among school going adolescent girls in Chargawan block of Gorakhpur district
Authors: Singh Parul , Tiwari Harish C. , Sampriya Arushi , Shrivastav Arun K. , Shrivastav Dhirendra K.
Published: February 2022

Background: Adolescent anaemia is most common nutritional problem affecting the reproductive period, pregnancy and childbirth. Although there are several epidemiological studies to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with anaemia among adolescent girls in India, but limited data regarding the prevalence and risk factors associated with anaemia in adolescent girls of Eastern Uttar Pradesh (UP) is available. To estimate the prevalence of anaemia among school going adolescent girls in Chargawan block of Gorakhpur district of UP and to study specific factors like sociodemographic factors, dietary factors and menstrual factors.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the government higher secondary schools of Chargawan block, district Gorakhpur, UP. A total of 430 adolescent females (10-19 years old) were included in this study. The study took place from September 2019 to August 2020. In most of cases Chi-square test was applied as test of significance for comparing. Microsoft excel 2010 and statistical calculator has been used for statistical calculation.Results: The prevalence of anaemia found from this study was 61.39%. The statistically significant risk factors associated with anaemia were age, nuclear family, low socio-economic status, high intake of junk food; low intake of green leafy vegetables, citrus fruit, no iron folic acid intake and menorrhagia.Conclusions: A high prevalence of anaemia among adolescent females was found, which was higher in nuclear family, low socio economic strata; girls who were consuming less citrus fruits, less green leafy vegetables, more junk food and not taking any iron folic acid (IFA) supplement.
Assessment of oral health status and treatment needs among TSRTC employees in Hyderabad City, Telangana, India
Authors: Patanapu Siva Kumar , Arelli Naresh , Veeraboina Nagarani , Reddy Kandadi Vasavi , Dantala Satya Narayana , Voruganti Sreenivas
Published: February 2022

Background: The trend in all countries is industrialization; it leads to many occupational health problems and diseases among transport workers. The workers may be exposed to hazardous environment which affect the general as well as oral health because of the relative lesser importance given to it. The use of products related to tobacco and poor oral hygiene practices adds to the oral disease burden among this population.Methods: The study population consisted of 404 people, and oral health was examined using the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Assessment form from 1997. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 was used to analyze the data. The Chi-square test, t-test, and Analysis of Variance were used to compare study population proportions and mean scores (ANOVA).  Results: The number of sextants influenced by CPI and LOA was found to be considerably larger (p=0.005) among guys who had completed high school education. Buccal mucosa showed ulcerations and leukoplakia from oral mucosal ulcers. Males aged 46-60 years old had significantly higher mean DMFT scores (3.31±4.44; 2.11±3.33 respectively) than females aged 46-60 years old (p=0.005). Overall, male workers aged 30-45 years old with a high school degree were shown to have a higher risk of acquiring oral health problems and requiring treatment.Conclusions: According to the findings, TSRTC personnel aged 30-45, males with a primary school education, had poor oral mucosal health and periodontal status. Workers with a high school education have a higher prevalence of dental caries and unmet dental care needs. As a result, there is an urgent need to focus on these high-risk groups.
Testing guidelines and strategies by ICMR: a roadmap to handle COVID-19 pandemic in India
Authors: Mantri Neha , Gupta Manoj Kumar , Bhardwaj Pankaj , Goel Akhil D. , Saurabh Suman , Misra Sanjeev
Published: February 2022

Background: Since the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic, the cases are continuously increasing in India. Though this growth of the cases was relatively slower during the initial phase of the pandemic, now the cases are increasing rapidly and positioned the country at third place in the world in the COVID-19 tally. This study was done to review all the guidelines and strategies released by the ICMR and MoH and FW, Government of India, in regard with the testing of COVID-19 in the country and to collate them with timelines.Methods: Country-level data was retrieved from the crowdsourced database and was analyzed descriptively to calculate the cumulative and per day test positivity rates.Results: A sharp rise in the test positivity rate was observed until the first week of April, which declined slightly during the next month. After that, the test positive rate is found to be continuously increasing. At the same time, the testing capacity of the country has also increased from about 250 tests per day at the beginning of March to 6.42 lac per day by the end of July. ICMR put a lot of effort into the expansion of the laboratory network to ramp up the COVID-19 testing capacity in the country. Without having any delay, dynamic guidelines, and strategies for testing with a lot of innovations were developed and implemented maintaining all the quality and safety parameters.Conclusions: ICMR worked tirelessly on the forefront to devise a roadmap to handle the COVID-19 pandemic in India through the development of testing strategies and guidelines.
A prospective survey to determine the general awareness and knowledge on COVID vaccinations among general public attending the vaccination clinic under a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Prasanna Preetha , Veepanattu Pranav , Edathadathil Fabia , Babu Binil , Ayyappan Ajitha , Sundaram Rejitha P. , Mohan Mahitha , G. K. Arya , Sreedevi Aswathy , K. V. Beena , Moni Merlin , Sathyapalan Dipu Thareparambil
Published: February 2022

Background: The global impact of COVID pandemic has been unprecedented and had expedited the urgent need of mass vaccination especially in a densely populated country like India. Sustained efforts in strategies for increase the vaccination campaigns are essential at the community level to address the acceptance of vaccines. The perception of public understanding on COVID vaccinations would help healthcare professionals advise the public on vaccination and guide policy decisions. The aim of the study was to discover knowledge gaps related to various aspects of COVID vaccination among the general population and enhance awareness that improves the vaccination practice.Methods: A semi structured questionnaire was administered exploring the knowledge and awareness of public was conducted in a tertiary care centre located in southern part of India. The study participants were contacted during the time of vaccination. The key domains we collected from our survey included general perception on vaccines, knowledge on vaccine practice, vaccination practices on special population, vaccine specific knowledge and vaccine related socio-cultural factors on vaccinations.Results: Valid and complete responses were obtained from 4471 participants, among this majority were female participants (61.04%) with the median age of 36 years. Majority of the participants had a belief that vaccines are effective 3415 (81.8%) for preventing COVID-19.Conclusions: Vaccination campaigns must consider strong public participation and contextually relevant communication tactics for the better acceptability. Furthermore, we need a targeted capacity building initiative with more emphasis towards vulnerable populations to be implemented on vaccination.
Knowledge, attitude, and practices assessment of menstrual cycle and management of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls
Authors: Nelapati Sherly S.
Published: February 2022

Background: Menstruation is a phenomenon which is cyclic shedding of endometrium and is the most important physical change that occurs among girls during adolescence. In India, lack of safe sanitary facilities and narrow approach to products of sanitary hygiene lead to increase in adopting unhygienic practices in managing menstruation. The objectives of this study were: to enumerate the common menstrual morbidities among girls; to study the knowledge and attitude toward menstruation among adolescent girls; to elicit their health‑seeking behavior regarding menstrual health; and to study the practices of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, located in Vijaywada, June 2019 to April 2020 by interviewing 417 adolescent school girls in using a semi‑structured questionnaire.Results: The mean age and standard deviation of girls included in the study were 14.7±2.69 years. 62.6% girls had the right perception about menstruation as a normal physiological process. Only 33.6% of girls knew about menstruation before menarche. 32% of girls answered that they were scared when they attained first menarche. 50.6% girls knew that infection would occur if they do not clean their vagina regularly during menstruation.78% of girls used sanitary pads during menstruation. Dysmenorrhea, 58% is the common menstrual morbidity. Only 11% girls said that they had no restrictions during menstruation.Conclusions: The girls interviewed, are of unsatisfactory knowledge and markable good practices regarding menstrual health.