bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solvent Effect on the Synthesis of Oleylamine Modified Au Nanoparticles and Their Self-Assembled Film for SERS Substrate
Authors: Hao Junfang , He Min , Liu Bin , Yang Jianhui
Published: September 2022

The preparation and self-assembling of monodisperse gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) is of great significance for its SERS application. According to the oleylamine-reduced method, oleylamine (OAm) serves as the reducing agent and stabilizing agent, and the effects of different reaction parameters such as solvent and temperature on the size and dispersity of Au NPs have been evaluated. The Au NPs synthesized with toluene as the solvent have the best dispersity and narrowest particle size distribution with adjustable sizes. The particle size gradually increases with the increase in reaction temperature. The highly ordered self-assembly film of Au NPs was employed as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for the probing molecule of rhodamine 6G. The Au substrate exhibits excellent spatial uniformity and SERS reproducibility, which indicates its practicability as a substrate. This study provides a simple synthesis strategy of highly ordered monodispersed Au NPs, which can serve as a SERS substrate with excellent spatial uniformity and SERS re-producibility.
Chitosan Homogenizing Coffee Ring Effect for Soil Available Potassium Determination Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Chen Rongqin , You Zhengkai , Pan Tiantian , Yang Rui , Huang Jing , Fang Hui , Kong Wenwen , Peng Jiyu , Liu Fei
Published: September 2022

In order to rationally apply potassium fertilizer, it is very important to realize the rapid and accurate evaluation of soil available potassium (K). Conventional methods are time-consuming, consumables-consuming and laborious. A high-efficiency method was proposed in this study to meet the demand for rapid evaluation, including rapid extraction, uniform evaporation and LIBS detection. To shorten the extraction time, we increased the oscillation frequency and removed the operation of dry filtration. Compared with the conventional extraction method of the Chinese national standard (CNS), the extraction time was reduced from 30 min to 2 min. In addition, we developed a uniform evaporation method for liquid–solid transformation on the batch-detection fixed area aluminum substrate. This method reduced the moisture interference. At the same time, increasing the liquid viscosity and restricting the liquid area and shape could reduce the coffee ring effect (CRE). The determination coefficient of the calibration curve by our method was 0.99, and the limit of quantitation reached 0.8 mg/kg. Real soil samples were taken as validation, and the average relative error between our method and the CNS method was 3.58%. The results indicate that our method combined with LIBS technology could provide a fast and accurate evaluation of soil available K.
LIMB-Q Kids—German Translation and Cultural Adaptation
Authors: Vogt Bjoern , Fresen Jana , Gosheger Georg , Chhina Harpreet , Brune Carolin Sophie , Toporowski Gregor , Frommer Adrien , Laufer Andrea , Cooper Anthony , Roedl Robert , Rölfing Jan Duedal
Published: September 2022

(1) Purpose: Lower limb deformities can have a severe impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL). LIMB-Q Kids is a new patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) aiming to elucidate the experience of 8–18-year-old patients before, during and after treatment, and to measure the different aspects of HRQL. The aim of this study was to translate and culturally adapt LIMB-Q Kids to German. (2) Methods: The International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) guidelines were followed. Three forward translations, a backward translation, an expert panel meeting with eight participants, and twenty cognitive debriefing interviews led to the final German version of LIMB-Q Kids. (3) Results: In the forward translations, 4/159 items were difficult to translate, and 2/159 items in the backward translation differed from the original English version. Cognitive debriefing interviews with 20 patients identified 7/159 items that were difficult to comprehend/answer, and 2 of these items were changed. (4) Conclusions: Lower limb deformities can have a great impact on children, and it is important to measure and consider the impact on HRQL. In order to be able to use PROMs in different countries, conceptually equivalent translations and cultural adaptations should be performed in order to ensure comprehensibility. The final German version of LIMB-Q Kids is ready for use in an international field test.
Survey of Clinical Practice Patterns of Korean Medicine Doctors for Anorexia in Children: A Preliminary Study for Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Lee Jihong , Lee Sun Haeng , Kim Jae Hyun , Park Yong Seok , Park Sulgi , Chang Gyu Tae
Published: September 2022

Parents often have concerns regarding anorexia in their children and visiting medical institutions for the intervention of it. This study aimed to investigate the clinical practice patterns of Korean medicine doctors (KMDs) for anorexia in children using a web-based survey. A link to the questionnaire was sent via email to all KMDs that were affiliated with the Association of Korean Medicine. The questionnaire covered items on the sociodemographic characteristics and clinical characteristics related to Korean medicine (KM), such as diagnosis, treatment, awareness, safety, and effectiveness. Of 23,910 KMDs, 384 agreed to participate and complete the questionnaire. Anorexia in children was diagnosed mainly by clinical features (36.4%) and the pattern identification (PI) theory of ‘Qi, Blood, Fluid, Humor, and Organ system diagnoses’ (32.8%). The most frequently used PIs was ‘spleen-stomach qi deficiency’ (38.6%), which was followed by ‘spleen failure in transportation’ (23.3%), ‘stomach yin deficiency’ (15.5%), and ‘liver depression’ (14.2%). Herbal medicine (38.1%) was the primary KM treatment for anorexia, and the names of the most frequently prescribed herbal decoctions were Sogunjung-tang (16.5%), Hyangsayukgunja-tang (15.9%), and Bojungikgi-tang (13.9%). This study provides information on the existing clinical practice patterns of KMDs for anorexia in children. Based on this survey, the clinical practice guidelines will be developed.
Postoperative Alanine Aminotransferase Levels Are Associated with Outcomes in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Total Cavopulmonary Connection
Authors: Chen Siyao , Wang Han , Luo Dandong , Zhang Chongjian
Published: September 2022

Background: This single-center, retrospective study aims to determine the association between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). Methods: In total, 256 pediatric patients undergoing TCPC were included and divided into a normal-ALT group and a high-ALT group. Clinical data were collected for comparisons between groups, and risk factors of high postoperative ALT were identified by univariate and multivariate analysis. A ROC analysis of the predictive value of postoperative ALT was conducted. Results: Compared to the normal-ALT group, the members of the high-ALT group were 1.6 years older and had significantly higher preoperative creatinine and direct bilirubin levels. The high-ALT group had increased fluid overload, higher vasoactive inotropic drug scores, and inferior central venous pressure. The short-term outcomes in the high-ALT group were markedly worse: they suffered a longer duration of mechanical ventilation (MV), had a higher ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS), and higher rates of mortality, infection, and reintubation. Prolonged ICU and hospital LOS, longer MV, and reintubation were identified as independent risk factors for high postoperative ALT. Postoperative ALT was of high value in predicting reintubation, MV, ICU LOS, and mortality. Conclusions: Elevated postoperative ALT levels are associated with poor short-term outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing TCPC.
An Observational Study on the Use of Peripheral Intravenous Lines vs. Central Lines in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Riskin Arieh , Iofe Adir , Zidan Donia , Shoris Irit , Toropine Arina , Zoabi-Safadi Rasha , Bader David , Gover Ayala
Published: September 2022

Background and Objectives: There is a debate regarding the preferred intravenous (IV) access for newborns. Our aim was to study practices regarding the choice of vascular access and outcomes. Methods: A seven-month prospective observational study on IV lines used in all newborns admitted to Bnai Zion Medical Center’s neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Results: Of 120 infants followed, 94 required IV lines. Infants born at ≤32 weeks gestation, or with a head circumference ≤29 cm were more likely to require two or more IV lines or a central line for the administration of parenteral nutrition or medications for longer periods. However, central lines (umbilical or peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC)) were not associated with better nutritional status at discharge based on weight z-scores. Only one complication was noted—a central line-associated bloodstream infection in a PICC. Conclusions: Our data suggest preferring central IV access for preterm infants born at ≤32 weeks or with a head circumference ≤29 cm. We encourage other NICUs to study their own data and draw their practice guidelines for preferred IV access (central vs. peripheral) upon admission to the NICU.
Myopia Development in Tree Shrew Is Associated with Chronic Inflammatory Reactions
Authors: Ku Hsiangyu , Chen Jamie Jiin-Yi , Hu Min , Tien Peng-Tai , Lin Hui-Ju , Xu Gezhi , Wan Lei , Gan Dekang
Published: September 2022

In this study, we aimed to investigate whether chronic retinal inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of form-deprivation myopia (FDM) using tree shrews as an animal model. Twenty-one tree shrews were randomly divided into 7-day/14-day FDM (FDM7/FDM14) groups and their corresponding 7-day/14-day control groups. Refraction and axial length were measured. To determine the effects of form deprivation on inflammation, we used real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry to assess the expression levels of several proinflammatory cytokines. At day 0, the eyes in the FDM and control groups were hyperopic. However, after 7 and 14 days of form deprivation, the refractive error of the eyes in the FDM7 and FDM14 groups shifted from +6.6 ± 0.3 diopters (D) to +4.0 ± 0.5 D and from +6.4 ± 0.3 D to +5.0 ± 0.3 D, respectively. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and nuclear factor κB were increased in the FDM eyes, compared with those in the control eyes. The increase in matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression was greater in the FDM eyes than in the contralateral and control eyes, whereas collagen type I expression was downregulated. In conclusion, chronic inflammation may play a crucial pathogenic role in form-deprivation myopia in tree shrews.
Nutraceutical Prevention of Diabetic Complications—Focus on Dicarbonyl and Oxidative Stress
Authors: McCarty Mark F. , DiNicolantonio James J. , O’Keefe James H.
Published: September 2022

Oxidative and dicarbonyl stress, driven by excess accumulation of glycolytic intermediates in cells that are highly permeable to glucose in the absence of effective insulin activity, appear to be the chief mediators of the complications of diabetes. The most pathogenically significant dicarbonyl stress reflects spontaneous dephosphorylation of glycolytic triose phosphates, giving rise to highly reactive methylglyoxal. This compound can be converted to harmless lactate by the sequential activity of glyoxalase I and II, employing glutathione as a catalyst. The transcription of glyoxalase I, rate-limiting for this process, is promoted by Nrf2, which can be activated by nutraceutical phase 2 inducers such as lipoic acid and sulforaphane. In cells exposed to hyperglycemia, glycine somehow up-regulates Nrf2 activity. Zinc can likewise promote glyoxalase I transcription, via activation of the metal-responsive transcription factor (MTF) that binds to the glyoxalase promoter. Induction of glyoxalase I and metallothionein may explain the protective impact of zinc in rodent models of diabetic complications. With respect to the contribution of oxidative stress to diabetic complications, promoters of mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, UCP2 inducers, inhibitors of NAPDH oxidase, recouplers of eNOS, glutathione precursors, membrane oxidant scavengers, Nrf2 activators, and correction of diabetic thiamine deficiency should help to quell this.
Analysis of Influence of Insulating Resin Paint Film on Enameled Wire Properties Based on Molecular Simulation
Authors: Zhang Zhongli , Wu Zhensheng , Zhang Huiyuan , Cheng Yibin , Ren Hao
Published: September 2022

As one of the varieties of magnet wire, the enameled wire has excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, ageing resistance, dimensional stability and chemical stability. This is one of the keys affecting the development of the electrical industry, especially the development of new motors. Different varieties of enameled wire insulating varnishes have advantages and disadvantages, in addition to their general properties. In order to improve the service life and reliability of the electrical coil of the motor, it is necessary to select the appropriate enameled wire reasonably according to different purposes. Molecular simulation technology can play a guiding role in the relationship between the molecular structure and properties of resins, help to understand the microscopic mechanism, shorten the experimental period, improve efficiency and save costs. In this paper, based on density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), the microscopic properties of four insulating resins, polyamide–imide (PAI), polyester (PET), polyesterimide (PEI), and polyimide (PI), were studied. We also studied the influence mechanism of the insulating resin microstructure on the macroscopic properties of enameled wires, including adhesion, insulating properties and flexibility. The calculation results show that the polyester insulating enameled wire paint has good insulation performance and flexibility, the polyamide–imide paint has the best adhesion, and the polyimide insulating paint has very reliable insulation performance and flexibility. The performance research in this paper lays a foundation for the preparation of insulating resin coatings with better comprehensive properties. The performance research in this paper lays a foundation for preparing insulating resin paint with excellent comprehensive performance.
Exploration of Key Process Parameters and Properties of 40Cr Steel in Ultrasonic Surface Rolling Process
Authors: Wu Xiaobin , Cheng Jun , Xu Zhilong , Dai Leyang , Jiang Qingshan , Su Bosheng , Zhu Li , Zhao Zhenye
Published: September 2022

Ultrasonic surface rolling (USRP) is an effective process to improve a workpiece’s fatigue property, in which ultrasonic vibration and static force are applied on the workpiece’s surface. In order to clarify the ultrasonic rolling strengthening mechanism of critical components and optimize the USRP parameters, a theoretical model of ultrasonic rolling was established. Based on the stress-strain curve of 40Cr steel, the USRP parameters were formulated. The compressive residual stress field of single point impact was analyzed by finite element simulation, and the simulation results were validated by conducting an experimental research. In addition, the changes in the surface properties of specimens under different USRP parameters were studied experimentally. The results show that with the increase in depth, the compressive residual stress on the external surface increases firstly and then decreases, and the maximum compressive residual stress is −338 MPa. As the amplitude is 12 μm and the frequency is 20 kHz, the static force of 600 N is optimal for the ultrasonic rolling of 40Cr steel. This study could provide a guide for the key parameters’ selection in USRP.
Fabrication and Characterization of W-Substituted ZnFe2O4 for Gas Sensing Applications
Authors: Al-Enizi Abdullah , Abd-Elkader Omar , Shaikh Shoyebmohamad , Ubaidullah Mohd , Abdelkader Mohamed , Mostafa Nasser
Published: September 2022

A sol–gel technique was successfully employed in creating pure and W-substituted zinc ferrite, with nominal compositions of ZnFe2−2xWxO4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15). For the purposes of investigating the physical and chemical properties of the generated powders, several analytical techniques were used. In TEM images of all the compositions, mixed-shaped particles (cubic, spherical, and hexagonal) were observed. The crystallite size decreases from 82 nm (x = 0.0) to 32 nm (x = 0.15) with an increase in the W doping contents in the ZnFe2O4 lattice. The microstrain increases with increasing W doping content. Furthermore, the surface area of pure ZnFe2O4, 0.05 W-ZnFe2O4, 0.10 W-ZnFe2O4, and 0.15 W-ZnFe2O4 NPs were calculated as being 121.5, 129.1, 134.4 and 143.2 m2 g−1, respectively, with a mesoporous pore structure for all ferrite samples. The calculated BJH pore size distribution was within the range of 160 to 205 Å. All W-doped ZnFe2O4 samples show H-M loops with paramagnetic characteristics. The magnetization (M) directly increases by increasing the applied field (H) without achieving saturation up to 20 kA/m. For comparison, the magnetization at 20 kA/m gradually decreases with increasing W doping content. Among all the synthesized samples, the 0.15 W-ZnFe2O4 NPs demonstrated the highest sensitivity towards acetone gas at 350 °C.
Influence of a Precursor Film with a Copper Gradient on the Properties of a Copper Indium Gallium Selenide Solar Cell
Authors: Liu Yuandong , Li Yangzheng , Tang Junlei , Zhang Wenfeng , Lin Bing
Published: September 2022

A precursor film with a Cu gradient was prepared in order to improve the quality of the absorber film produced by sputtering CIGS targets when using glass substrates. Two ceramic quaternary targets with different copper content were used for alternatively sputtering to get a bi-layer precursor film with a Cu gradient; meanwhile, the crystallization property and cell performance were studied. This was done in order to study the activities of the Cu element in the precursor layer before and after selenization. The film states of the temperature-rise period and high temperature selenization period were investigated. The appropriate structure of the precursor film was the Cu-rich layer underneath the Cu-poor layer. The Cu–Se phase, which is important for the crystalline property, can be produced in the Cu-rich layer under the heating period. The Cu-poor layer on the top reacts with the Cu-Se compound in the annealing process at a high temperature, and the big grain size of the absorber layer can be obtained due to Cu diffusion promoted by the gradient in the precursor film, as well as better conversion efficiency. This result shows that constructing the precursor film with a Cu gradient by sputtering different quaternary CIGS targets is a very promising fabrication method to obtain high-performance solar-cell devices with a good crystallization property under an annealing temperature of 550 °C and is suitable for further industrialized application.
Effects of Cu-Ni-Ti Interlayer on Microstructure and Wear Resistance around Gas Tungsten Arc Cladding Copper Matrix Composite Coatings on Steel
Authors: Li Jihong , Lei Longyu , Du Mingke , Zhang Zhiqiang , Zhang Min
Published: September 2022

Due to the huge difference in thermophysical properties, it is difficult to obtain a defect-free bonding interface between copper and steel. A Cu-Ni-Ti interlayer was added between a TiC-reinforced copper matrix composite coating and Q235 steel in this study to improve its interfacial bond. The influence of the interlayer on its microstructure and properties was studied by characterizing microstructure, phase composition, and wear resistance of the composite coatings. Both coatings were found to consist of α-Cu matrix, in situ-generated TiC, and Fe-rich phases. With the addition of the Cu-Ni-Ti interlayer, the high-hardness unmixed zone at the interface was successfully eliminated due to the sufficient mixing of the molten pool. Even more importantly, liquid metal embrittlement cracks were also restrained, resulting from the Fe-rich solid solution band that reduced the contact probability around liquid copper atoms with the steel grain boundaries formed. In addition, the results showed that the microhardness of composite coatings was improved and the wear loss reduced by 4.2% after adding that interlayer, which was related to the combined action of solid solution strengthening, second-phase strengthening and grain-refinement strengthening mechanisms.
Tribological Characteristics of Al359/Si3N4/Eggshell Surface Composite Produced by Friction Stir Processing
Authors: Srivastava Ashish Kumar , Dwivedi Suryank , Saxena Ambuj , Kumar Deepak , Dixit Amit Rai , Singh Gyanendra Kumar , Bhutto Javed Khan , Verma Rajesh
Published: September 2022

In the present study, the surface composite Al359/Si3N4/Eggshell is prepared by friction stir processing (FSP). The effect of reinforced particle volume fraction on the microstructural and tribological properties of the Al359/Si3N4/Eggshell surface composites was investigated and compared with the friction stir processed (FSPed) Al359 alloy. The microstructural properties were further investigated by light microscopy, FESEM, and EDS mapping. The tribological properties of the developed composite and FSPed Al359 were investigated using a reciprocating ball-on-plate universal tribometer. The microstructural results showed that defect-free composite surfaces are produced due to improved physical properties, severe plastic deformation, and better grain refinement. Moreover, the mean value of the friction coefficient (µ) for the developed composite and FSPed alloy are 0.36 µ and 0.47 µ, respectively. The obtained results indicated that Si3N4/Eggshell is a promising reinforced particle for improving microstructural and tribological performance in journal bearing, rotors, and machinery applications.
The Effect of Nonionic Surfactants on the Kinetics of Methane Hydrate Formation in Multiphase System
Authors: Foo Khor Siak , Nashed Omar , Lal Bhajan , Bavoh Cornelius Borecho , Shariff Azmi Mohd , Tewari Raj Deo
Published: September 2022

Gas hydrate inhibitors have proven to be the most feasible approach to controlling hydrate formation in flow assurance operational facilities. Due to the unsatisfactory performance of the traditional inhibitors, novel effective inhibitors are needed to replace the existing ones for safe operations within constrained budgets. This work presents experimental and modeling studies on the effects of nonionic surfactants as kinetic hydrate inhibitors. The kinetic methane hydrate inhibition impact of Tween-20, Tween-40, Tween-80, Span-20, Span-40, and Span-80 solutions was tested in a 1:1 mixture of a water and oil multiphase system at a concentration of 1.0% (v/v) and 2.0% (v/v), using a high-pressure autoclave cell at 8.70 MPa and 274.15 K. The results showed that Tween-80 effectively delays the hydrate nucleation time at 2.5% (v/v) by 868.1% compared to the blank sample. Tween-80 is more effective than PVP (a commercial kinetic hydrate inhibitor) in delaying the hydrate nucleation time. The adopted models could predict the methane hydrate induction time and rate of hydrate formation in an acceptable range with an APE of less than 6%. The findings in this study are useful for safely transporting hydrocarbons in multiphase oil systems with fewer hydrate plug threats.
Waste-Glycerol as a Precursor for Carbon Materials: An Overview
Authors: Batista Mary , Carvalho Silvia , Carvalho Renato , Pinto Moisés L. , Pires João
Published: September 2022

Biodiesel is produced by the transesterification of animal fats and vegetable oils, producing a large amount of glycerol as a by-product. The crude glycerol cannot be used in the food or pharmaceutical industries. It is crucial to transform glycerol into value-added products with applications in different areas to biodiesel be economically viable. One of the possible applications is its use as a precursor for the synthesis of carbon materials. The glycerol-based carbon materials have distinct properties due to the presence of sulfonic acid groups on the material surface, making them efficient catalysts. Additionally, the glycerol-based activated carbon materials show promising results concerning the adsorption of gases and liquid pollutants and recently as capacitors. Despite their potential, currently, little research has been carried out on the synthesis and application of those materials. This review summarized the preparation and application of carbon materials from glycerol, intending to show the potential of these materials.
Reviewing and Discussing Graph Reduction in Edge Computing Context
Authors: Garmendia-Orbegozo Asier , Núñez-Gonzalez José David , Antón Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2022

Much effort has been devoted to transferring efficiently different machine-learning algorithms, and especially deep neural networks, to edge devices in order to fulfill, among others, real-time, storage and energy-consumption issues. The limited resources of edge devices and the necessity for energy saving to lengthen the durability of their batteries, has encouraged an interesting trend in reducing neural networks and graphs, while keeping their predictability almost untouched. In this work, an alternative to the latest techniques for finding these reductions in networks size is proposed, seeking to figure out a simplistic way to shrink networks while maintaining, as far as possible, their predictability testing on well-known datasets.
On Barrier Binary Options in the Telegraph-like Financial Market Model
Authors: Ratanov Nikita
Published: September 2022

The article continues the study of the market model based on jump-telegraph processes. It is assumed that the price of a risky asset follows the stochastic exponential of a piecewise linear process, equipped with jumps that occur at the moments of a pattern change. In this case, the standard option pricing formula was derived previously, while exotic options for this model have not yet been explored. Within this framework, we are developing procedures for pricing binary barrier options. This article concerns the “cash-(at hit)-or-nothing” binary barrier option. The main tools of this analysis are methods developed for first-pass probabilities. Some known results related to the ruin probabilities follow directly from these settings.
Cayley Hash Values of Brauer Messages and Some of Their Applications in the Solutions of Systems of Differential Equations
Authors: Osorio Angarita María Alejandra , Cañadas Agustín Moreno , Fúneme Cristian Camilo , Mendez Odette M. , Serna Robinson-Julian
Published: September 2022

Cayley hash values are defined by paths of some oriented graphs (quivers) called Cayley graphs, whose vertices and arrows are given by elements of a group H. On the other hand, Brauer messages are obtained by concatenating words associated with multisets constituting some configurations called Brauer configurations. These configurations define some oriented graphs named Brauer quivers which induce a particular class of bound quiver algebras named Brauer configuration algebras. Elements of multisets in Brauer configurations can be seen as letters of the Brauer messages. This paper proves that each point (x,y)∈V=R\{0}×R\{0} has an associated Brauer configuration algebra ΛB(x,y) induced by a Brauer configuration B(x,y). Additionally, the Brauer configuration algebras associated with points in a subset of the form (⌊(x)⌋,⌈(x)⌉]×(⌊(y)⌋,⌈(y)⌉]⊂V have the same dimension. We give an analysis of Cayley hash values associated with Brauer messages M(B(x,y)) defined by a semigroup generated by some appropriated matrices A0,A1,A2∈GL(2,R) over a commutative ring R. As an application, we use Brauer messages M(B(x,y)) to construct explicit solutions for systems of linear and nonlinear differential equations of the form X″(t)+MX(t)=0 and X′(t)−X2(t)N(t)=N(t) for some suitable square matrices, M and N(t). Python routines to compute Cayley hash values of Brauer messages are also included.
Solving the Optimal Selection of Wellness Tourist Attractions and Destinations in the GMS Using the AMIS Algorithm
Authors: Pitakaso Rapeepan , Nanthasamroeng Natthapong , Dinkoksung Sairoong , Chindaprasert Kantimarn , Sirirak Worapot , Srichok Thanatkij , Khonjun Surajet , Sirisan Sarinya , Jirasirilerd Ganokgarn , Chomchalao Chaiya
Published: September 2022

This study aims to select the ideal mixture of small and medium-sized destinations and attractions in Thailand’s Ubon Ratchathani Province in order to find potential wellness destinations and attractions. In the study region, 46 attractions and destinations were developed as the service sectors for wellness tourism using the designed wellness framework and the quality level of the attractions and destinations available on social media. Distinct types of tourists, each with a different age and gender, comprise a single wellness tourist group. Due to them, even with identical attractions and sites, every traveler has a different preference. A difficult task for travel agencies is putting together combinations of attractions and places for each tourist group. In this paper, the mathematical formulation of the suggested problem is described, and the optimal solution is achieved using Lingo v.16. Unfortunately, the large size of test instances cannot be solved with Lingo v16. However, the large-scale problem, particularly the case study in the target area, has been solved using a metaheuristic method called AMIS. According to the computation in the final experiment, AMIS can raise the solution quality across all test instances by an average of 3.83 to 8.17 percent. Therefore, it can be concluded that AMIS outperformed all other strategies in discovering the ideal solution. AMIS, GA and DE may lead visitors to attractions that generate 29.76%, 29.58% and 32.20%, respectively, more revenue than they do now while keeping the same degree of preference when the number of visitors doubles. The attractions’ and destinations’ utilization has increased by 175.2 percent over the current situation. This suggests that small and medium-sized enterprises have a significantly higher chance of flourishing in the market.
Effect of Process Temperature on the Texture Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Rolled and Extruded AZ31 Flat Products
Authors: Nienaber Maria , Kurz Gerrit , Letzig Dietmar , Kainer Karl Ulrich , Bohlen Jan
Published: September 2022

The application of magnesium flat products is affected by the limited formability at room temperature and the anisotropy of the mechanical properties. The main reason for this is the underlying hexagonal crystal structure of magnesium and the development of strong crystallographic textures during massive forming processes with distinct alignment of basal planes. For an improvement in the properties of semi-finished products, the detailed knowledge of the influence of the manufacturing process on the microstructure and texture evolution of the flat products as a result of dynamic and static recrystallization is required. In this work, flat products made of conventional magnesium alloy AZ31 were manufactured by the rolling process as well as by direct extrusion, with variation in the process temperature. This allowed the development of a distinct variation in microstructures and textures of the flat products. The effects on mechanical properties and formability are highlighted and discussed in relation to the microstructure and texture. It is shown that both the process and the temperature have a major influence on texture and consequently on the material properties.
Structural and Electronic Properties of Cu3InSe4
Authors: Ojo Oluwagbemiga P. , Wong-Ng Winnie , Chang Tieyan , Chen Yu-Sheng , Nolas George S.
Published: September 2022

Single crystals of a new ternary chalcogenide Cu3InSe4 were obtained by induction melting, allowing for a complete investigation of the crystal structure by employing high-resolution single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Cu3InSe4 crystallizes in a cubic structure, space group P4¯3m, with lattice constant 5.7504(2) Å and a density of 5.426 g/cm3. There are three unique crystallographic sites in the unit cell, with each cation bonded to four Se atoms in a tetrahedral geometry. Electron localization function calculations were employed in investigating the chemical bonding nature and first-principle electronic structure calculations are also presented. The results are discussed in light of the ongoing interest in exploring the structural and electronic properties of new chalcogenide materials.
Electrical and Optical Characterization of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Thin Films
Authors: Politano Grazia Giuseppina , Versace Carlo
Published: September 2022

Despite a growing interest in graphene, an aspect which is less studied is the electrical and optical characterization of graphene oxide (GO)-based transparent conductors obtained using thermal annealing. In addition, few research works have studied the electrical properties of GO and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) films using electrical impedance measurements. In this study, electric impedance measurements are performed on GO and thermally reduced GO films dip-coated on glass substrates. The electric resistance of RGO films decreases by about two orders of magnitude compared to GO films. Moreover, optical microscopy and variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) were carried out on the same samples. Thermal annealing increases the optical conductivity and the absorption coefficient of GO films. Such findings could be used in many optoelectronic applications, improving future GO applicability.
Geopolymer-Based Nepheline Ceramics: Effect of Sintering Profile on Morphological Characteristics and Flexural Strength
Authors: Ahmad Romisuhani , Ibrahim Wan Mastura Wan , Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri , Pakawanit Phakkhananan , Vizureanu Petrica , Abdullah Arman Shah , Sandu Andrei Victor , Ahmad Zaidi Fakhryna Hannanee
Published: September 2022

The focus of this study is the fabrication of innovative and sustainable ceramic-based geopolymer with improved low temperatures performances. Kaolin was mixed with liquid sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and 12M of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution using alkali activator ratio of 0.24 and solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:1 to synthesize kaolin geopolymer. The effect of the sintering profile on the microstructure, pore evolution and flexural strength were investigated. The heating exposure aided consolidation and created a fairly uniform microstructure, resulting in a smooth surface texture. In comparison to the unheated geopolymer, 3D pore distribution showed a significant increase in the range size of ~30 µm with the appearance of isolated and intergranular pores. The flexural strength at 1200 °C with a heating rate of 5 °C/min and was increased by 146.4% to 85.4 MPa, as compared to the heating rate of 2 °C/min. The sintering process has an impact on the final microstructure formation thus improving the characteristic of geopolymer-based nepheline ceramic.
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Taxanes Plus Platinum and Fluorouracil Plus Platinum in the First-Line Treatment of Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yue , Song Rui , Jia Yuanyuan , Zhang Xiaoyun , Zhang Shasha , Wu Chensi , Zhang Ruixing , Guo Zhanjun
Published: September 2022

Fluoropyrimidine plus platinum (FP) and taxanes plus platinum (TP) are standard treatments for esophageal cancer (EC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to explore the difference in the therapeutic effect and toxicity of FP and TP regimens in EC patients. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were fully searched and analyzed to find relevant articles on EC patients treated with FP and TP regimens up to 22 March 2022. Thirty-one studies, with a total of 3432 participants, were included in this review. The primary outcomes showed that the prognosis and therapeutic efficacy of TP groups were better than those of FP groups for the EC patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy treatment (3-year OS: RR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.08–1.44, p = 0.003; 3-year PFS: RR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.17–1.75, p = 0.0006; ORR: RR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06–1.29, p = 0.001). However, TP therapy was significantly correlated with a higher incidence of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia (p < 0.05). In the preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy group, these two groups had a similar survival time (p > 0.05). The FP regimen corresponded to a higher incidence of thrombocytopenia, while the TP regimen was associated with an increased incidence of febrile leukopenia (p < 0.05). Therefore, TP regimens could generate both superior clinical response and survival benefits when compared with FP regimens in EC patients undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy.
Real-World Clinical Outcomes of Ribociclib in Combination with a Non-Steroidal Aromatase Inhibitor and a Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Agonist in Premenopausal HR+/HER2− Advanced Breast Cancer Patients: An Italian Managed Access Program
Authors: Staropoli Nicoletta , Geuna Elena , Rinaldi Gaetana , Bisagni Giancarlo , Scotti Vieri , Faggioni Giovanni , Vannini Laura , Arcara Carlo , Moretti Gabriella , Gunnellini Marco , Coltelli Luigi , Verderame Francesco , Livi Lorenzo , Sanna Giuseppina , Grasso Donatella , Abbinante Giulia , Ragni Francesca
Published: September 2022

Ribociclib plus an aromatase inhibitor and ovarian function suppression is the preferred first-line option for pre-/perimenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer. We opened an italian managed access program (MAP) that permitted access to ribociclib to selected patients and allowed to collect informative results on the clinical impact of the therapy. The MAP (April 2018–May 2020) included 64 premenopausal patients, with characteristics similar to those of the MONALEESA-7 trial. Of 57 patients with a known response, 48 (84.2%) achieved a clinical benefit (i.e., complete response, N = 7 (12.3%); partial response, N = 17 (29.8%); stable disease, N = 24 (42.1%)), while 9 (15.8%) experienced tumor progression. Some patients (N = 15–23.4%) needed ribociclib dose reduction because of adverse events. Thereafter, the treatment was well tolerated, and no new safety signals emerged. Our study is the first reported Italian real-world evidence of ribociclib effectiveness in premenopausal HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer patients. Response and clinical benefit rates were particularly encouraging compared with those of the ribociclib group of MONALEESA-7. Our work confirms that ribociclib in combination with endocrine therapy is highly effective in the treatment of premenopausal HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer patients with an expected safety profile.
Efficacy and Safety of the Addition of Internal Mammary Irradiation to Standard Adjuvant Radiation in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Korzets Yasmin , Levitas Dina , Grubstein Ahuva , Corn Benjamin W. , Amir Eitan , Goldvaser Hadar
Published: September 2022

Background: Existing data on adding internal mammary nodal irradiation (IMNI) to the regional nodal fields are inconsistent. Methods: Randomized trials investigating the addition of IMNI to standard adjuvant radiation were identified. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted for overall-survival (OS), breast cancer specific-survival (BCSS), and disease-free survival (DFS) as well as distant-metastasis free survival (DMFS). The odds ratios (ORs) for regional and loco-regional recurrence, non-breast cancer mortality, secondary non-breast cancer, contralateral breast cancer, and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality were also extracted. Results: Analysis included five trials comprising 10,994 patients, predominantly with higher risk, lymph node positive disease. Compared to the control group, IMNI was associated with significant improvement in OS (HR = 0.91, p = 0.004), BCSS (HR = 0.84, p < 0.001), DFS (HR = 0.89, p= 0.01), and DMFS (HR = 0.89, p = 0.02). IMNI was also associated with reduced odds for regional (OR = 0.58, p < 0.001) and loco-regional recurrence (OR = 0.85, p = 0.04). The odds for cardiotoxicity were not statistically significantly higher (OR = 1.23, p = 0.07). There were comparable odds for cardiovascular mortality (OR = 1.00, p = 1.00), non-breast cancer mortality (OR = 1.05, p = 0.74), secondary cancer (OR = 0.95, p = 0.51), and contra-lateral breast cancer (OR = 1.07, 95% 0.77–1.51, p = 0.68). Conclusions: Compared to the control group, the addition of IMNI in high-risk patients is associated with a statistically significant improvement in survival, albeit with a magnitude of questionable clinical meaningfulness.
Dealing with the Vicissitudes and Abject Consequences of Head and Neck Cancer: A Vital Role for Psycho-Oncology
Authors: Mascarella Marco A. , Morand Gregoire B. , Hier Michael P. , Mlynarek Alexander , Albert Justine G. , Kissane David , Henry Melissa
Published: September 2022

Patients with head and neck cancer face important life-altering effects in appearance and function, affecting distress and quality of life and requiring the involvement of a multidisciplinary team. Psycho-oncology makes an important contribution to the field, as head and neck cancers carry a huge adaptational toll. To illustrate the value of this discipline, we report two cases of patients with advanced head and neck cancer for which the treatment-related body changes were of major significance. A commentary by the treating surgeons and psycho-oncologists precedes a general discussion about the clinical management of such patients. The article outlines strategies to address health literacy, doctor–patient communication, treatment decision-making, and emotional distress; placing the person at the center of oncological care. It calls for the broad application of principles of psychological first aid by healthcare professionals in oncology.
High-Throughput Sequencing Reveals the Effect of Feeding on Overwintering Hirudo nipponia
Authors: Shen Hongying , Cai Meixiang , Li Jiayi , Luo Yuanyuan
Published: September 2022

To investigate the effect of feeding on hibernating Hirudo nipponia, metagenomic sequencing was performed on the microorganisms collected from the digestive tract of H. nipponia individuals that were fed (FW) or starving (SW) before hibernation. In addition, the salivary gland tissues were obtained from these individuals to conduct transcriptome sequencing. Results showed that feeding before hibernation increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria at the phylum level and that of Aeromonas, Mucinivorans, Bacteroides, and Desulfovibrio at the genus level. Functional prediction results indicated that feeding before hibernation not only improved metabolic capacity but also increased the susceptibility of H. nipponia to pathogens. Among the 133,082 unigenes obtained by transcriptome sequencing, a total of 2801 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found, of which 355 were up-regulated and 2446 were down-regulated; the expression patterns of 15 selected DEGs were validated by qRT-PCR. Results from the GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that a majority of these DEGs were involved in the signal transduction pathways. This study established a basis for H. nipponia breeding during hibernation through analyses of the abundance of microorganisms in the digestive tract and the gene expression pattern of salivary glands by high-throughput sequencing. The findings also revealed the effect of feeding on the expression of both gastrointestinal microorganisms and salivary gland genes of hibernating H. nipponia.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Discovery of Molecular Markers in Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) in China
Authors: Lin Xinge , Liu Xiaodi , Chen Meigu , Gao Hongmao , Zhu Zhenzhong , Ding Zheli , Zhou Zhaoxi
Published: September 2022

Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) is a crop of economic and health importance globally. Efforts are being made to revamp China’s only successful commercial-scale durian plantations in Hainan; however, their genetic base is unknown. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess the genetic base and population structure of 32 genotypes in durian plantation sites in Hainan, China, and develop simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers by whole genome sequencing through restriction site-associated DNA sequencing technology to facilitate germplasm conservation and breeding. The results from identity by state (IBS), phylogenetic tree, population structure, and principal component analysis grouped the 32 genotypes into two clusters/sub-populations. Based on IBS, genotypes in Cluster I are largely duplicated genotypes; however, results from the model-based population structure demonstrated that most of the genotypes in Sub-population II shared a common genetic background with those in Sub-population I/Cluster I. The results revealed that the core durian collection in the plantation sites in Hainan include D24, D101, MSW, JH, D163, HFH, and NLX-5. In addition, we developed a total of 79,178 SSR markers with varied lengths and amplicon sizes. The genetic diversity and population structure reported in this study will be useful for durian conservation and utilization. In addition, the discovered and developed SSR markers will lay the foundation for molecular breeding via marker-assisted selection, quantitative trait loci mapping, and candidate gene discovery and validation.
Inventory and Ecological Characterization of Ichthyofauna of Nine Lakes in the Adamawa Region (Northern Cameroon, Central Africa)
Authors: Kitio Hermann I. , Bitja Nyom Arnold R. , Pariselle Antoine , Bilong Bilong Charles F.
Published: September 2022

The fish diversity of the Adamawa lakes is among the most undocumented in Northern Cameroon. Faced with this lack of knowledge, an inventory of ichthyofauna and habitats characterization was conducted in nine lakes. Seven lakes (Assom, Gegouba, Massote, Mbalang, Ngaoundaba, Piou and Tizong) are located in the Sanaga Basin and two (Bini and Dang) are located in the Lake Chad Basin. In order to assess the composition and variation in fish assemblage, eight sampling campaigns were carried out seasonally between 2017 and 2018; they revealed 26 species of fish distributed in 6 orders, 9 families and 16 genera. Communities in Lakes Assom (13 species) and Bini (9 species) were the most diverse. Omnivorous (42.3%) and spawners in open water or on substrates of sand, gravel, rock or plants (69.2%) were the most represented. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling, analysis of similarities (ANOSIM), and similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) revealed that fish species composition differed significantly among lakes. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) identified temperature, pH, TDS, and conductivity as variables explaining the most variation in fish species. The presence of four endemic species in the Sanaga Basin in lakes Assom, Gegouba, Massote and Piou, shows that these lakes stand out as hotspots for conservation due to the uniqueness of their ichthyofauna.