bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jaringan Saraf Tiruan Menggunakan Metode Backpropagation untuk Prediksi Curah Hujan
Authors: Tamaji Tamaji , Utama Yoga Alif Kurnia , Sidharta Josie
Published: March 2023

Hujan yakni sangat sulit untuk di prediksi. Banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi di mulainya hujan mulai dari suhu, kelembapan, curah hujan dan intensitas sinar matahari. Apalagi ditambah dengan distorsi cuaca contohnya el nino & la nina bahwa menyebabkan periode hujan yang bertambah lama daripada biasanya. Padahal curah hujan yang sangat tinggi, menyebabkan bencana seperti banjir dan lain lainnya. Di karenakan hal  tersebut sangat penting sekali dalam memprediksi hujan yang akan terjadi di suatu tempat sehingga diharapkan dapat sebagai antisipasi terhadap bencana banjir yang akan terjadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan JST (jaringan saraf tiruan) menggunakan metode pendekatan backpropagation dalam prakiraan curah hujan. Data input yang digunakan untuk melatih jaringan syaraf tiruan ini adalan data dari BKMG tentang curah hujan periode tiap bulan selama 2015-2019. Berdasarkan hasil data uji yang telah dilakukan, MSE pada keluaran jaringan syaraf tiruan sebesar 0.089161. Dari output ini bisa diambil garis lurus bahwa jaringan saraf tiruan menggunakan pendekatan metode backpropagation bisa digunakan untuk memprediksi curah hujan yang akan mendatang.
Kata kunci : Backpropagation, Curah Hujan, Prediksi, Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan.
Analisa Ketidakpastian Pengukuran Sensor Curah Hujan Tipe Tipping Bucket berbasis Internet of Things
Authors: Utama Yoga Alif Kurnia , Cahyono Muhammad Shofwan Donny , Wibowo Leonardus Setia Budi
Published: March 2023

Semua makhluk tidak akan bertahan hidup dan lingkungan akan menjadi mati tanpa air. Padahal air tawar yang berfungsi sebagai penyangga dapat hidup hanya sebanyak 3% dari semua air di bumi ini. Salah satu sumber utama dari air tawar adalah hujan. Saat ini, hujan sangat sulit untuk diprediksi dikarenakan adanya fenomena perubahan iklim yang ada pada dekade terakhir ini. Hujan yang terlalu lama akan menimbulkan permasalahan lain yaitu bencana banjir. Jika curah hujan dapat diprediksi maka ini bisa menambah waktu untuk kegiatan mitigasi bencana banjir. atau sebagai usaha dalam pencegahan akan tibanya banjir di hari esok. Jadi, sangat penting untuk mendapatkan data curah hujan yang teliti.
Penelitian ini akan membuat sebuah sensor curah hujan bertipe tipping bucket yang datanya akan dikirim ke sebuah website atau dengan kata lain berbasis internet of things. Selain itu akan dilakukan pengujian dalam pengukuran sensor serta analisis ketidakpastian pengukuran yang terjadi. Pengujian mendapati hasil bahwa rata-rata kesalahan pengukuran yang terjadi yakni 1.7% dan kesalahan yang terjadi dikarenakan kesalahan mekanik, kesalahan elektronik, kesalahan resolusi, dan kesalahan adhesi.
Kata kunci : Sensor Curah Hujan, Tipping Bucket, Internet Of Things, Ketidakpastian Pengukuran.
Lugar, observação participante, turismo e trabalhadoras do sexo em Havana: uma proposta metodológica de investigação
Authors: Da Gama Hélio Fernando Lôbo Nogueira
Published: March 2023

O objetivo é a metodologia da pesquisa sobre um impacto social do turismo no lugar havanero, as trabalhadoras do sexo,  criminalizadas como prostitutas/jineteras. A epistemologia da fenomenologia de Husserl e dialética de Kosik enseja uma observação participante como metodologia de inserção no tecido social como “turista”/pesquisador, em busca dos sentidos que se estabelecem nas abordagens “não-autorizadas” dos autóctones e da relação entre essência/totalidade do fenômeno. A hipótese: tal percurso na investigação sociológica do fenômeno social turismo é legitimo enquanto escolha teórico-metodológicas. Potencializa o seu desenvolvimento contínuo como estratégia de aproximação e inquirição em quaisquer contextos geopolíticos e socioeconômicos. É essencial a relação do conceito de lugar com o da observação participante como método e técnica de pesquisa condizentes. Numa perspectiva histórica e teórica traço  a conjuntura na qual Cuba se abriu como destino turístico internacional. Dados etnográficos colhidos com inspiração fenomenológica, especialmente sobre o sentido dos atores sociais que me  concederam entrevistas em profundidade, são relatados a partir de suas narrativas. Como o método dialético continua quando o fenomenológico termina, as contextualizei histórica e geopoliticamente em busca de inferir generalizações. Faço a inserção de dados da atual conjuntura, buscando reforçar a necessidade do desenvolvimento da metodologia empreendida em Sociologia do Turismo.
Формування професійних компетенцій засобами фізичного виховання у студентів залізничних навчальних закладів
Authors: Dovzhenko С.С.
Published: March 2023

Мета роботи – визначити та обґрунтувати особливості компетентного підходу у визначенні мети, задач, змісту і технології навчання у сфері фізичного виховання студентів залізничних навчальних закладів. Матеріали і методи. У педагогічному експерименті взяли участь студенти управлінських і будівельних спеціальностей, інженерів-механіків Українського державного університету залізничного транспорту, з них 31 студент увійшов до експериментальної групи і 31 – до контрольної групи. Методи дослідження: аналіз науково-методичної літератури, анкетування, педагогічне спостереження, тестування, метод математичної статистики з наступною обробкою даних, педагогічний експеримент. Результати. Розроблена методика з організації і змісту професійно-прикладної фізичної підготовки майбутніх фахівців залізничного транспорту на основі реалізації навчально-тренувальних модулів, що спрямовані на поглиблену теоретико-методичну підготовку для формування професійних орієнтацій і мотивацій, розвиток професійно важливих рухових здібностей за бально-рейтинговою системою оцінки успішності. Після проведення педагогічного експерименту 30% студентів експериментальної групи достовірно покращили показники рівня теоретичної і методичної підготовки. Наприкінці педагогічного дослідження студенти експериментальної групи виявляють високу мотивацію під час здачі контрольних нормативів у рамках бально-рейтингової системи (р<0,05). Результати випробувань експериментальної групи достовірно вищі, ніж у контрольній групі. Дана система дозволяє сфокусувати увагу на функціональну підготовленість майбутнього фахівця залізничного транспорту. Удосконалення процедури тестування у рамках бально-рейтингової системи пов’язано з коректним розподілом результатів здачі контрольних нормативів з подальшою мотивацією покращення результатів для досягнення максимального балу.
Фізична підготовленість юних спортсменів у джиу-джитсу на початковому етапі спортивної спеціалізації (динаміка і вплив на спортивний результат)
Authors: Kravchk T.M. , Ogar G.O. , Dvorjanskiy A.A.
Published: March 2023

Мета - дослідити динаміку розвитку рухових здібностей юних спортсменів й визначити вплив фізичної підготовленості на спортивний результат на початковому етапі спортивної спеціалізації у джиу-джитсу. Учасники дослідження. В дослідженні взяли участь 16 юних спортсменів, вік 10-11 років, стаж занять боротьбою 6-10 місяців. Всі досліджувані займались у одній групі тричі на тиждень по дві академічні години. Методи дослідження: аналіз науково-методичних джерел, педагогічні спостереження, педагогічне тестування, методи математичної статистики. Результати. У результаті дослідження було доведено позитивний вплив занять бразильським джиу-джитсу на гармонійний розвиток рухових здібностей хлопчиків середнього шкільного віку. Через специфіку змагальної діяльності й особливості навчально-тренувального процесу в джиу-джитсу найбільш виражена позитивна динаміка спостерігається при дослідженні динаміки розвитку  спритності, гнучкості й силових здібностей м’язів верхнього плечового поясу і рук. Порівняння фізичної підготовленості груп «лідерів» і «аутсайдерів» показали, що на початковому етапі в джиу-джитсу суттєве значення має рівень розвитку базової фізичної підготовленості. Саме представники групи «лідерів», які були більш успішними у змаганнях, виявилися краще фізично підготовленими, за усіма досліджуваними показниками. Висновки. Заняття джиу-джитсу сприяють гармонійному розвитку рухових здібностей дітей середнього шкільного віку. Рівень розвитку рухових здібностей юних спортсменів в джиу-джитсу на початковому етапі спортивної спеціалізації суттєво впливає на спортивний результат. Найбільш значущими, за впливом на спортивні досягнення в джиу-джитсу, є гнучкість, спритність і силові здібності м’язів  рук і верхнього плечового поясу.
LINGUISTIC FEATURES BETWEEN TURKIC LANGUAGES IN THE WORKS OF ABAY, YŪNUS EMRE AND AḤMAD AL-YASAWĪ
Authors: KURMANBAIULY SHERUBAY , ADILOV MARLEN
Published: March 2023

Abay Qunanbayuli, is one of the important literary man that has left his mark in the nineteenth century Kazakh cultural life. He is known as the greatest poet of Kazakh Turks. Abay wrote his works in Kazakh Turkish, but since he continues the tradition of Chaghatay Turkish, those who speak Karluk and Oghuz group dialects can easily understand his works. In the work, elements that are rarely used in contemporary Kipchak dialects, but whose origin is Oghuz Turkish, are also found in his poems. Although Aḥmad al-Yasawī's Dīvān-ı Hikmet, who lived long before than Abay, was written during the Karakhanid period, its copies written in Chaghatay Turkish have survived. Despite this situation, we can say that we have come across a few Oghuz Turkish elements from the new copy. In this article, the poets of different periods and regions of the Turkish world, Aḥmad al-Yasawī, Yūnus Emre and Abay Qunanbayuli, were examined by comparing the words specific to Kipchak or Oghuz Turkish. In the study, Yūnus Emre was chosen as the representative of the Oghuz group and Aḥmad al-Yasawī as the representative of Eastern Turkish close to the time of Yūnus. Abay has also been shown as the representative of the Kipchak group more recently. Thus, it was revealed that common elements were preserved in three large groups. Accordingly, it has been concluded that the influence of the linguistic and cultural tradition of the Göktürk, Old Uyghur, Karakhanid, Khwārazm, Chaghatay and Kipchak Turkish periods continues to a significant extent in terms of vocabulary in the written language of both geographies. Keywords: Abay, Aḥmad al-Yasawī, Yūnus Emre, Oghuz Turkic, Kipchak Turkic, Chaghatay Turkic.
Evaluation of complex systems: multicriteria approach
Authors: Voronin Albert , Savchenko Alina
Published: March 2023

The quality of object functioning is evaluated by a set of properties that have a quantitative expression (quality criteria). The selection of object properties is carried out by the decision maker (DM). This selected object properties is a decomposition, resulting in a hierarchical structure. In decision theory the case when a multicriteria task is represented by a two-level hierarchical system is developed most thoroughly in great detail. Here, the problem of evaluation (composition of criteria) of a simple object is usually solved using the mechanism of a single scalar convolution of a vector criterion. The numerical value of the convolution is an assessment of the quality of the functioning of this object as a whole. But even with a three-level hierarchy, the object is considered as complex and its evaluation requires other approaches. It is shown that any problem of vector evaluation of an object can be represented by a hierarchical system of criteria obtained as a result of decomposition of the objectʼs properties. With hierarchical decomposition of object properties, the number of levels depends on the required depth of decomposition. Usually they brought to such properties that have a quantitative expression (called criteria). The difficulty lies in the fact that for each initial property, the depth of decomposition can be different. At the lower level of the hierarchy, the object (alternative) is evaluated by individual properties using the initial vector of criteria, and at the upper level, the object as a whole is evaluated by means of the composition mechanism. The central problem here is the problem of composing criteria by hierarchy levels, which is solved by the method of nested scalar convolutions. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the vector estimation of an object are considered.
Investigation of the structure and mechanism of the synthesis reaction of monoalkyl(C8-C12)phenol formaldehyde oligomers modified by imidazolines based on fatty acids of vegetable oils and polyamines by the IR-spectroscopy method
Authors: Abdullayeva N. R. , Amiraslanova M. N. , Akhmedbekova S. F. , Аliyeva L. I. , Rustamov R. A. , Aliyeva Sh. R. , Isayeva P. E. , Azizbeyli E. I. , Mamedzade F. A.
Published: March 2023

The structures of novolac monoalkyl(C8–C12)phenolformaldehyde oligomers modified with imidazolines based on fatty acids of sunflower or corn oils and polyamines – diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine, polyethylenepolyamines were investigated by IR-spectroscopy. As a result of the analysis of the initial and final products, a reaction mechanism is proposed. Optical densities of the absorption bands of the main functional fragments were calculated, and the regularities of the changes depending on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the oligomers were studied.
Influence of a protective diffusion gas flow on the properties of polyethylene gas pipelines
Authors: Dementyeva A. G. , Kovriga V. V.
Published: March 2023

The effect of protective methane diffusion flux on the properties of polyethylene pipeline walls is proposed to be taken into account. It has been suggested that the protective diffusion flux initiated by the high-pressure system in the gas pipeline suppresses the oxygen diffusion process of air that occurs under atmospheric pressure.
Composite material based on polyolefins and modified vegetable fillers
Authors: Gorbachev A. V. , Fayzullin I. Z. , Wolfson S. I. , Kanarsky A. V. , Zakharov I. V. , Kazakov Y. M.
Published: March 2023

The results of a study of mixing compositions based on polypropylene and vegetable fillers modified with an enzyme preparation are presented. During the experiment, the optimal modification time and the ratio of the volume of water to the mass of the vegetable filler during modification were determined. Physical and mechanical tests revealed that the composites with the modification were superior to the basic composites without the modification.
O PODER DA MARCA CACAU SHOW
Authors: COSTA DA SILVA LUANA
Published: March 2023

This study seeks to fulfill its investigative role, bringing an analysis of the evolution of marketing. The general objective of this project aims to show the power of the Cacau Show brand in the consumers' minds and in their purchasing power. The specific objectives are aimed at analyzing the power of the brand as a competitive differential and as an influence on the consumers' purchasing power. From the information gathered, the most relevant aspects about the power of the Cacau Show brand were evaluated, as well as relevant concepts and the brand as an influence on a customer's purchasing power and its competitive differential. Tracing as a reference the brand Cacau Show, it seeks to show how this brand differentiates itself in the market with its marketing and influences its customers with the added value to its brand and over its competitors. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, the method chosen for the research was exploratory. As a conclusion it was found that the fact that Cacau Show uses the niche marketing as a segmentation level, the company is able to reach several publics, adding value to the brand and following the competitive market trends.
Welcome to McDenmark
Authors: Lemann Kristiansen Bettina
Published: March 2023

Denmark is a pioneering country regarding digitalization. The Danish public administration is a clear frontrunner and has been submitted to significant changes. Contact between the administrative authorities and the citizens is predominantly digitalized and digital self-service solutions and automated decisions are increasingly used. Theoretically the point of departure is George Ritzer´s theory that societies worldwide are subject to a far-reaching process of McDonaldization, which leads to the implementation of the modes of organisation and production found in fast-food restaurants in other sectors in society. The theory of McDonaldization is applied to the digitalization of the public administration in Denmark. The article further explains the findings from a sample survey on specific digital solutions in Denmark and how the citizens perceive these solutions.
Los derechos humanos en la política científica europea
Authors: De la Cruz-Ayuso Cristina
Published: March 2023

El artículo propone un análisis crítico sobre el lugar que ocupa la investigación sobre derechos humanos en la política científica europea, concretamente en Horizon Europe, y trata de aportar muy sintéticamente algunas propuestas que podrían ayudar a paliar algunos de los sesgos que presenta ese marco. Teniendo en cuenta que es un campo de investigación que, en sí mismo, constituye un reto global incuestionable y cuyo estudio exige ser abordado de manera interdisciplinar, los hallazgos muestran que el enfoque priorizado en Horizon Europe, pragmático e instrumental, no prescinde de la fuerza retórica de los derechos humanos, pero, en la práctica, no los incorpora en su estrategia como un eje estratégico. Les otorga un papel subsidiario como eje transversal, sin llegar a concretar y definir su lugar en sus retos globales y misiones sociales.
La regulación de la esfera pública en la época de los medios de comunicación de masas
Authors: García Higuera Rubén
Published: March 2023

Este trabajo trata de mostrar la evolución de la regulación de la esfera pública en los Estados Unidos durante el siglo XX, desde la perspectiva del derecho a la libertad de expresión. Este derecho, consagrado en la primera enmienda a la Constitución estadounidense, ha sido objeto de un amplio tratamiento, por lo que el recorrido por el mismo muestra los cambios en la interpretación de su dimensión social. Particularmente, permite situar la problemática y contextualizarla en el marco de los cambios en la esfera pública producidos a partir de los avances tecnológicos en la esfera de las telecomunicaciones. En este contexto, el examen de los presupuestos teóricos, jurídicos y pragmáticos de la regulación de la esfera pública sirve de base para reflexionar acerca de cómo aproximarnos a los retos del siglo XXI.
A post-humanist and anti-capitalist understanding of the rights of nature (with a coda about the commons)
Authors: Lloredo Alix Luis
Published: March 2023

I will raise the question of whether it is conceptually acceptable and practically useful to speak in terms of rights of Nature. I will answer positively: we may talk about rights of Nature with complete legitimacy. In addition, I will argue that we must do so from an anti-capitalist and postcolonial perspective; that is, not as a metaphor or a legal fiction, but considering that for some peoples of the world, natural entities genuinely have a personality worthy of protection through rights. I will also defend that the expression “rights of Nature” goes beyond the problem of the entitlement (Nature or Earth as “new holders”). Indeed, the emergence of the rights of Nature implies a radical change in the actual concept of rights; a change which compels us to move from humanism to post-humanism. This in turn leads us to dismantle the individualistic, anthropocentric, Eurocentric and ownership-based perspective of rights.
El objetivo de este artículo es plantear la pregunta de si hablar de derechos de la naturaleza resulta conceptualmente aceptable y prácticamente útil. La respuesta es positiva: podemos hablar de derechos de la naturaleza con total legitimidad. Además, se defenderá que debemos hacerlo desde un enfoque anticapitalista y postcolonial, es decir, no como una metáfora o una ficción jurídica, sino tomando en consideración que, para algunos pueblos del mundo, las entidades naturales tienen genuinamente una personalidad que merece protección a través de derechos. También se sostendrá que la expresión “derechos de la naturaleza” va más allá del problema de la titularidad (la idea de la Naturaleza o la Tierra como “nuevos titulares”), ya que, en realidad, la emergencia de los derechos de la naturaleza implica un cambio radical en el mismo concepto de los derechos; un cambio que nos obliga a transitar del humanismo al post-humanismo. Esto, a su vez, nos debería llevar a abandonar la perspectiva individualista, antropocéntrica, eurocéntrica y propietarista de los derechos.
Justice and injustices in Wallmapu
Authors: Le Bonniec Fabien
Published: March 2023

From ethnographic and documentary research carried out in the courts of southern Chile, the tensions and controversies produced in the field of recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples will be presented and analysed from critical theories of law, in particular how, in a legal field characterised by its monoculturalism, intercultural apparatus have been created and implemented both at the level of specialised care and legal action and jurisprudence. We will mention these transformations and their implications for the practices of legal institutions and actors, and the strategies of communities and organisations, and we will then focus on the elaboration, based on an interdisciplinary and participatory methodology, of a protocol for providing attention to Mapuche users in courts that tries to advance in the recognition of socio-cultural diversity and legal plurality, but which also reflects the persistence of perceptions of injustice and the limits that exist in the possibility of imparting justice for historically discriminated populations.
Protection and support of terrorism victims in the criminal proceedings in Kosovo: The compliance with standards of the Madrid Memorandum
Authors: Bytyqi Vilard , Azemi Ferid
Published: March 2023

Victims of terrorism can be considered a special category within the broader and more general group of “victims of crime”. In recent decades, there has been an international trend to develop more specific treatment, both in legal and practical terms, to address their particular needs in unfortunate times of intensification and sophistication of terrorist attacks, with a correlative increase in the harmful consequences for an increasing number of victims of terrorism. At the international level, one such instrument is the Madrid Memorandum, which contains relevant guidelines that serve as a reference for States, who can draw inspiration from them when designing their national standards of protection and support for victims of terrorism. This paper aims to critically analyze the legal framework applicable in Kosovo on the issue of protection and support of victims of terrorism from the pre-trial phase, through criminal proceedings, and after the completion of criminal proceedings, with special emphasis aiming to analyze the compliance of these rules with standards of the Madrid Memorandum.  The paper identifies three areas in which the applicable legal framework for the protection and support of victims of terrorism in criminal proceedings needs to be harmonised with the Madrid Memorandum’s standards.
A critical analysis of the standard of consent in rape law in India
Authors: Kulshreshtha Nikunj
Published: March 2023

This article critically analyses the standard of consent in rape law in India by engaging in a doctrinal analysis of the current jurisprudence. It also analyses various extraneous circumstances influencing the determination of consent in Indian rape law. The article will then assess the status of consent jurisprudence and related issues in the English and Canadian jurisdictions for a comparative assessment. Thereafter, it will critically assess the arguments in favour of an affirmative standard of consent before concluding with possible solutions for better interpretation of the law in determining consent by courts during rape trials in India.
En este artículo se analiza críticamente el estándar de consentimiento en la ley india sobre violación mediante un análisis doctrinal de la jurisprudencia actual. También se analizan diversas circunstancias ajenas que influyen en la determinación del consentimiento en la legislación india sobre violación. A continuación, el artículo evaluará la situación de la jurisprudencia sobre el consentimiento y las cuestiones conexas en las jurisdicciones inglesa y canadiense para realizar una evaluación comparativa. A continuación, se evaluarán críticamente los argumentos a favor de una norma afirmativa del consentimiento antes de concluir con posibles soluciones para una mejor interpretación de la ley a la hora de determinar el consentimiento por parte de los tribunales durante los juicios por violación en la India.
Literature and Data-driven Learning
Authors: Krogh Ida Margrethe Rask , Moi Ruben
Published: March 2023

This article aims to examine how and why we can use digital storytelling (DST) to teach literature in the upper secondary classroom, and makes use of Mark Haddon’s complex, multimodal novel The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time (2004) as an example. DST is a powerful tool for the 21st century classroom, with the potential to help pupils to become empathetic, creative, inquisitive and critical thinkers. When applied to literature, DST allows pupils to continue the literary text in creative ways by making their own digital story using a basic video editing application such as iMovie or Microsoft Bilder. Such literature-based DST (LDST) distinguishes itself from ordinary DST use in school. The values, qualities and peculiarities of literature offer an imaginative point of departure for new ways of using digital media in school. The Curious Incident is an exceptionally appropriate novel to use with DST, because the novel and the method share numerous features, not least multimodal ones. The narrative structures and aesthetic dimensions of the novel overlap with characteristics of DST. Furthermore, the many hermeneutic dimensions of Haddon’s novel can also be explored by the imaginative possibilities of DST. The definitions and interrelations between literature, text and modality are discussed throughout the article with reference to both philosophers and school didacticians. LDST is remarkable in the way it encourages pupils to sympathise, to interpret, to think critically and to develop their own imaginative ability and language skills. This article argues that LDST is useful in upper secondary education by examining the corresponding educational qualities and possibilities of Haddon’s multimodal novel and DST, and by drawing upon the new education reform in Norway articulated in the Core curriculum of 2020 and the Curriculum in English. Furthermore, the article concludes with the presentation, analysis and assessment of a pilot LDST-project conducted in an upper secondary school in Troms County as part of an MA lector thesis at UiT The Arctic University Norway. Thus, this article’s wider aim is to bring new research perspectives to English education, with a special focus on the use of literature and active forms of learning.
Safety of using disinfectants based on sodium hypochlorite in practice
Authors:   Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Pankratova Galina P. , Bidevkina Marina V. ,   Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Shaikhutdinova Zukhra К. ,   Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman
Published: March 2023

The parameters of toxicometry of disinfectants based on sodium hypochlorite obtained by chlorination of an aqueous solution of caustic soda (31 agents) and by electrochemical method – 10 anoliths were established. Based on the determination of the chlorine content in the air, recommendations are given for the safe use of these disinfectants: for surface treatment by wiping and disinfection of air and surfaces by aerosol spraying using a special device – an aerosol generator that provides dispersion of aerosol particles of 5–50 microns. A working solution of sodium hypochlorite with an active chlorine content of 0.015?% is recommended for use by wiping in the presence of people. Keywords: disinfectants, sodium hypochlorite, anolytes, toxicity, irritant effect, inhalation hazard, aerosol, laboratory animals.
Direct and combined effects of ozone on biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors:   Orenburg State Medical University, Ushakova Anastasiya Alekseevna , Karimov Ilshat Fayzelgayanovich ,   Orenburg State Medical University, Borisov Sergey Dilyusovich ,   Orenburg State Medical University, Pankov Aleksandr Sergeevich ,   Orenburg State Medical University, Korneev Aleksey Gennadevich ,   Orenburg State Medical University
Published: March 2023

In modern medicine, the issue of combating biofilms, including various surfaces in medical facilities, is acute. Ozonation is an environmentally friendly and effective technology in the fight against microbial pollution, including biofilms. The article presents studies of the disinfecting properties of ozone and its combination with various disinfectants on planktonic and adhered (in the biofilm form) Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells. As a result, it was found that ozone is highly effective against various forms of bacterial life, and also requires longer exposure in the presence of organic pollution. When combined with hydrogen peroxide, it shows the greatest bactericidal effect not only on the destruction of the biofilm, but also on the viability of the cells themselves. Keywords: biofilm, ozone disinfection, destruction of biofilm.
Reversion of susceptibility to insecticides of male German cockroach of resistant strains during long-term cultivation under laboratory conditions
Authors:   Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Eremina Olga Yurevna , Olifer Veronika Valentinovna ,   Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Davlianidze Tatyana Alekseevna ,   FBUN «Research Institute of Systems Biology and Medicine» of Rospotrebnadzor
Published: March 2023

Under laboratory conditions, resistance to insecticides from various chemical classes was assessed on several strains of the German cockroach Blattella germanica obtained from populations collected at sites in Moscow, Kaluga, Sverdlovsk and Moscow regions. It has been established that when applied topically, German cockroaches of all strains are highly resistant to cypermethrin (RR = 133–>4000?), fipronil (RR = 14–61?), chlorpyrifos (RR = 15–40?), weakly tolerant to thiamethoxam and clothianidin (RR = 2–5?). After breeding in an insectarium without insecticide press for several generations, the resistance of M1 strain to cypermethrin decreased by 1.2 times, in U1, M9 and OBN strains resistance remained at the same high level, in U8 strain decreased by 20 times; the resistance to fipronil in M1, U1 and OBN strains decreased by 1.4, 1.7 and 5.0 times, respectively. The level of susceptibility to chlorpyrifos decreased by 1.2–2.2 times, depending on the strain. Tolerance of cockroaches to thiamethoxam and clothianidin remained at the same level. The mechanisms of resistance of the German cockroach to insecticides are discussed. Keywords: pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, organophosphorus compounds, phenylpyrazoles.
Management of changes in the disinfection services industry
Authors:   State unitary enterprise of the city of Moscow «Moscow City Disinfection Center», Bychkov Pavel Yuryevich , Belov Evgeny Olegovich ,   LLC «PestControlGroup»
Published: March 2023

On the example of the Moscow City Disinfection Center, issues of improving the quality of work and the effectiveness of the organization providing disinfection services at the current stage, professional training of specialists, finding new clients and retaining contractual relations are considered. Keywords: disinfection, advanced training, marketing, quality of services.
Experience in the practical use of a multifunctional disinfection station for the purpose of additional measures during fighter disinsection measures on the example of bed bugs
Authors:   FBUN«St. Petersburg Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Pasteur» of Rospotrebnadzor, Vatolina Natalya Anatolevna , Lyalina Lyudmila Vladimirovna ,   FBUN«St. Petersburg Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Pasteur» of Rospotrebnadzor, Datskevich Aleksey Mikhaylovich ,   «St.Petersburg City Disinfection Station», Kabay Lyubov Ivanovna ,   «St.Petersburg City Disinfection Station», Osmirko Tatyana Vladimirovna ,   FGBOU VO «North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov»
Published: March 2023

Today, disinfection institutions, having a small selection of insecticide active ingredients and a huge selection of mix insecticide preparations to combat bed bugs, face the problem of ensuring effective processing of objects of different categories. Keywords: preventive disinfection, fighter disinsection measures, disinsection, chamber disinfection (disinsection), bed bugs, tropical bed bugs, disinsection equipment.
Synthesis and study of a disinfectant based on diethanolamine
Authors:   Institute of Chemistry of Additives, named by academician A.M. Guliev of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Farzaliev Vagif Majid , Abbasova Malahat Talat ,   Institute of Chemistry of Additives, named by academician A.M. Guliev of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Nabiev Oruc Garib ,   Institute of Chemistry of Additives, named by academician A.M. Guliev of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Alieva Nabat Allahverdi ,   Institute of Chemistry of Additives, named by academician A.M. Guliev of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Safarova Leyla Ramiz ,   Institute of Chemistry of Additives, named by academician A.M. Guliev of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Kulieva Garatel Maharram ,   Institute of Chemistry of Additives, named by academician A.M. Guliev of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Published: March 2023

The interaction of diethanolamine with formaldehyde at a ratio of initial reagents of 2?:?3, respectively, obtained a preparation that is an equimolar mixture of 3-(?-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-oxazolidine and its methylol derivative – 3-(?-hydroxyoxymethyl-ethyl)-1,3-oxazolidine. The paper presents the results of a study of the antimicrobial activity of the preparation against microorganisms – S. aureus, E. coli, as the most resistant species of bacteria that cause nosocomial infection. The tests were carried out by three methods: the test object method, as well as suspension and adsorption methods. The minimum effective concentration and exposure time of the preparation, which ensure the complete destruction of these microorganisms, have been established. The effect of organic substances and neutralizers on the antimicrobial activity of the preparation was studied. «Sulfonol» (a mixture of stereoisomers of the sodium salt of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid) at a concentration of 0,2?% and ten percent milk were used as neutralizers, and 10?% horse serum was used as protein. The concentration of the preparation and the exposure time required for the complete disinfection of dishes, glass and metlakh tiles infected with S. aureus and E. coli were determined. Disinfection of surfaces is achieved by treatment with a 3?% solution of the preparation during an exposure of 60 minutes, and dishes – with 3–5?% solutions for 45 minutes. It has been established by the thermoanalytical method of analysis that the preparation is stable at normal temperature and does not change its physicochemical properties during storage for 18 months or more. The preparation is recommended as a disinfectant for medical purposes. Keywords: 1,3-oxazolidine derivatives, 3-(?-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-oxazolidine, 3-(?-hydroxyoxymethylethyl)-1,3-oxazolidine, antimicrobial activity, bactericidal activity, nosocomial infection, bacteria, S. aureus, E. coli, disinfection, disinfectant.
Comparison of 3 Different Techniques in the Treatment of Pilonidal Sinus
Authors: ANADOLULU Ali İhsan , GERÇEL Gonca
Published: March 2023

Aim: Pilonidal sinus (Ps) is an infectious disease characterized by pain, swelling, redness and discharge. Minimally invasive interventions that allow the patient to return to daily life more easily. In this study, it was aimed to compare the surgical excision and primary suturing, liquid phenol application and laser application in Ps treatment.
Materials and methods: The files of 358 patients diagnosed with Ps and operated in the years 2019-2022 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 consisted of 125 patients who underwent surgical excision and primary suturing in 2019, group 2 of 194 patients who underwent liquid phenol in 2020-2021, and group 3 of 39 patients who underwent laser in 2022. The patients were evaluated at the postoperative 7th day, 1st month and 3rd month outpatient policlinic control.
Results: A significant correlation was found between the groups and the development of infection (p<0.05). Infection was detected in 30.4% of those in group 1, 15.5% of those in group 2 and 10.3% of those in group 3. Recurrence was detected in 25 (20%) of 125 patients in group 1, 24 (12.2%) of 194 patients in group 2, and 3 (7.7%) of 39 patients in group 3. There was no statistically significant relationship between the groups and recurrence (p>0.05). Recurrence was seen in 14 (36.8%) of 38 patients in group 1, 18 (60%) of 30 patients in group 2, and 2 (50%) of 4 patients in group 3. A significant correlation was found between infection and recurrence (p<0.05). Recurrence is positive in 6.3% of infection-negative patients and 47.2% of infection-positive patients.
Conclusion: Rapid recovery, short operative time, low complication and recurrence rates have increased the tendency for minimally invasive methods. The presence of infection may cause recurrence regardless of the method. Postoperative infection follow-up of patients is important to reduce recurrence rates.
Nutrición animal: Texto de formación universitaria
Authors: Roque Huanca Bernardo
Published: March 2023

El texto que se pone a consideración del lector, en su edición digital, revisada y corregida, ha sido preparado con fines académicos, para la formación de médicos veterinarios y/o zootecnistas, en el contexto del Altiplano de Puno-Perú; sin embargo, puede servir como referencia para todo lector interesado en la nutrición animal. Incluye seis unidades temáticas: fisiología digestiva de los animales, como uno de los procesos nutricionales clave, seguida de energía (carbohidratos), lípidos, proteínas, minerales y vitaminas, y una unidad temática adicional sobre la evaluación de la composición química y calorimetría de los alimentos.
On the effectiveness of remuneration of public universities’ lecturers in Poland
Authors: Kubiczek Jakub
Published: March 2023

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aims of this article are: (1) to define the role of remuneration of academic staff in shaping human capital; (2) to present the dynamics of changes in the remuneration of lecturers in Poland and its comparison with changes in the minimum wage, economic growth and the inflation rate; (3) to propose a model of changes in the minimum wage of a professor as a function of changes in the minimum wage.

THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: In order to ensure the proper level of training of academic staff, it is necessary to implement a remuneration system to attract and retain the best staff. To that end method of analysis and logical construction was used, which allowed to present a method for optimization of remuneration of academic staff in Poland.

THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The insufficient funding in Polish higher education was identified, especially the low-level of salaries of academic staff in relation to the their high responsibility. Then, the dynamics of change of professor’s minimum wage, the national minimum wage, the GDP, and the CPI were analyzed and compared. On these basis, a model for remuneration of academic staff in Poland was proposed.

RESEARCH RESULTS: The results showed that the minimum wage of a professor in 2012–2023 grew slower than the minimum wage on average, and in 2023 it is approximately twice as high as the minimum wage. As a solution to the problem of determining the professor’s remuneration, the article proposes a model that will transparently determine the change on an annual basis.

CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: With regard to higher education, an appropriate remuneration system allows for the creation of academic staff that guarantees high-quality education in all aspects, i.e. theoretical knowledge, practical knowledge and cognitive skills.
W poszukiwaniu „czwartej władzy” w Konstytucji RP z 1997 roku. Analiza instytucjonalno-prawna przepisów Konstytucji
Authors: Litwin Tomasz
Published: March 2023

CEL NAUKOWY: Głównym celem naukowym artykułu jest analiza kwestii, czy w świetle przepisów Konstytucji RP jakikolwiek podmiot spoza jej art. 10 mógłby równoważyć pozycję ustrojową legislatywy i egzekutywy – pełnić rolę „czwartej władzy”.

PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Podstawowym problemem badawczym jest próba odpowiedzi na pytania, czy według Konstytucji jakiś podmiot mógłby pełnić rolę „czwartej władzy”, a jeśli nie, to jak należy zmienić Konstytucję, aby wprowadzić do niej „czwartą władzę”. W artykule wykorzystano analizę instytucjonalno-prawną przepisów Konstytucji ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem: językowo-logicznej, systemowej, doktrynalnej oraz sądowej wykładni przepisów Konstytucji.

PROCES WYWODU: Merytoryczną część artykułu rozpoczynają uwagi o konstytucyjnej zasadzie podziału władzy. Następnie przedstawione są rozważania o pojęciu „czwartej władzy” z perspektywy konstytucyjno-prawnej oraz analiza przepisów Konstytucji nakierowana na odnalezienie podmiotu, który mógłby pełnić rolę „czwartej władzy”. Artykuł kończą propozycje wprowadzenia zmian do Konstytucji, które pozwolą suwerenowi, samorządowi terytorialnemu oraz organom kontroli państwowej i ochrony prawa równoważyć pozycję ustrojową legislatywy i egzekutywy.

WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: W świetle przepisów Konstytucji RP żaden podmiot nie pełni roli „czwartej władzy”.

WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Potrzebne jest wprowadzenie do Konstytucji RP zmian wzmacniających pozycję ustrojową Narodu, samorządu terytorialnego, organów kontroli państwowej i ochrony prawa oraz prokuratury, które mogłyby pełnić rolę „czwartej władzy”.
Polski defensor civitas jako "lustrator" działań władzy publicznej
Authors: Kowalska Monika
Published: March 2023

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy działalność Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich można postrzegać jako systemowy element wzmacniania legalizmu działań władzy publicznej, gdy ta w coraz większym stopniu podlega upartyjnieniu, a podmiotom politycznym podporządkowywane są sfery państwa wcześniej dla nich niedostępne.

PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Autorka zamierza zweryfikować tezę, iż działalność ombudsmana może sprawczo oddziaływać na stan praworządności w państwie. W tym celu wykorzystuje elementy analizy systemowej, metodę opisową oraz studium przypadku. Wnioski formułuje na podstawie przeglądu dorobku nauki, analizy przepisów prawa oraz oceny praktyki działań RPO VII kadencji.

PROCES WYWODU: W artykule zaprezentowano istotę uprawnień ombudsmana na przykładzie działań RPO VII kadencji, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jego reakcji na „patolegislację pandemiczną”, zmiany prawa wyborczego i ograniczenia wolności zgromadzeń publicznych.

WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Analiza wykazała, iż RPO jest nie tylko lustratorem działań władzy publicznej, ale i aktywnym rzecznikiem realizacji idei społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. Zintensyfikowanie przejmowania przez decydentów politycznych obszarów państwa dotychczas dla nich zastrzeżonych oraz brak respektowania opinii co do skutków podejmowanych prawnopolitycznych decyzji dla stanu praworządności państwa skłoniły RPO do nasilenia działań informacyjnych, by obywatele, tracąc prawa, zyskiwali wiedzę o możliwościach ich dochodzenia.

WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Praktyka działań RPO w ostatnich latach skłania do refleksji, iż instytucja ta nabiera nowej treści. Ma on bowiem możliwość nie tylko reagowania na naruszające prawa i wolności działania władzy publicznej, ale również informowania obywateli o stanie ich realizacji w państwie i aktywizowania społecznego w ich obronie.
Profilowanie jako narzędzie oswajania obcego na przykładzie wybranych prawicowo i liberalnie zorientowanych tygodników opinii
Authors: Lewartowska-Zychowicz Małgorzata
Published: March 2023

CEL NAUKOWY: Skonstruowanie definicji kognitywnej pojęcia obcego.

PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Jakie obrazy świata kryją się za odmiennymi profilami po- jęcia obcego? Wykorzystaną metodą jest analiza semantyczna tekstu.

PROCES WYWODU: Rekonstruowanie sposobu profilowania i profili pojęcia obcego w tygodnikach opinii o odmiennej orientacji ideologicznej.

WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Zrekonstruowanie w tygodnikach opinii o odmiennej orientacji ideologicznej dwóch profili obcego (izolacyjnego i inkluzyjnego) ujawniających odmienne obrazy świata społecznego i odsłonięcie procesu budowania semantycznych uzasadnień odmiennych manifestacji behawioralnych wobec obcego.

WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Przeprowadzona rekonstrukcja może być dla edukatorów ważnym wskazaniem do pracy nad sposobami artykułowania świata przez wychowanków, ponieważ poprzedzają one podejmowane przez nich działania.
Difference between X-ray-induced and 451 nm LD-induced photodarkening in DyAlGe-doped silica glasses
Authors: Okazaki T. , Kawai K. , Otsuka C. , Sekiya E. H. , Kanbayashi Y. , Mizusaki M. , Saito K.
Published: March 2023

The difference between X-ray-induced photodarkening (X-PD) and 451 nm laser diode (LD) induced PD (LD-PD) was investigated in DyAlGe-doped silica glasses. The same defect species (Al-OHC, Dy2+, GEC, and GLPC+) are generated in X-PD and LD-PD, although the LD-PD defect population is 10−3 of the X-PD defect population. There is a big difference in the defect population ratio of GEC and Al-OHC and its dependence on Ge concentration. The ratio in LD-PD is higher than that in X-PD. The GEC population of X-PD almost saturates when Ge > 2 wt%. On the other hand, GEC of LD-PD continues to increase even if Ge exceeds 2 wt%. Based on these facts, possible mechanisms of LD-PD and the role of Ge codoping were proposed.