bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classifying invasive lobular carcinoma as special type breast cancer may be reducing its treatment success: A comparison of survival among invasive lobular carcinoma, invasive ductal carcinoma, and no-lobular special type breast cancer
Authors: Cosar Rusen , Sut Necdet , Topaloglu Sernaz , Tastekin Ebru , Nurlu Dilek , Ozler Talar , Şenödeyici Eylül , Dedeli Melisa , Chousein Mert , Cicin Irfan
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The literature contains different information about the prognosis of invasive lobular carcinoma of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to address the inconsistency by comparatively examining the clinical features and prognosis of invasive lobular carcinoma patients in our university and to report our experience by dividing our patients into various subgroups.

Patients and methods

Records of patients with BC admitted to Trakya University School of Medicine Department of Oncology between July 1999 and December 2021 were reviewed. The patients were divided into three groups (No-Special Type BC, Invasive Lobular Special Type BC, No-Lobular Special Type BC). Patient characteristics, treatment methods and oncological results are presented. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Statistical significance of survival among the selected variables was compared by using the log-rank test.

Results

The patients in our study consisted of 2142 female and 15 male BC patients. There were 1814 patients with No-Special Type BC, 193 patients with Invasive Lobular Special Type BC, and 150 patients with No-Lobular Special Type BC. The duration of disease-free survival (DFS) was 226.5 months for the No-Special Type BC group, 216.7 months for the No-Lobular Special Type BC group, and 197.2 months for the Invasive Lobular Special Type BC group, whereas the duration of overall survival (OS) was 233.2 months for the No-Special Type BC group, 227.9 for the No-Lobular Special Type BC group, and 209.8 for the Invasive Lobular Special Type BC group. The duration of both DFS and OS was the lowest in the Invasive Lobular Special Type BC group. Multivariate factors that were significant risk factors for OS were Invasive Lobular Special Type BC histopathology (p = .045), T stage, N stage, stage, skin infiltration, positive surgical margins, high histological grade, and mitotic index. Modified radical mastectomy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and use of tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors for more than 5 years were significant protective factors for overall survival.

Conclusion

The histopathological subgroup with the worst prognosis in our study was Invasive Lobular Special Type BC. Duration of DFS and OS were significantly shorter in Invasive Lobular Special Type BC than No-Lobular Special Type BC group. The classification of Invasive Lobular BC under the title of Special Type BC should be reconsidered and a more accurate treatment and follow-up process may be required.
Comparative genomics and virulome analysis reveal unique features associated with clinical strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae from Trinidad, West Indies
Authors: Pustam Aarti , Jayaraman Jayaraj , Ramsubhag Adesh
Published: July 2023

Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae are closely related human pathogens of global concern. The more recently described K. quasipneumoniae shares similar morphological characteristics with K. pneumoniae and is commonly misidentified as this species using traditional laboratory techniques. The vast mobilome in these pathogenic bacteria influences the dissemination of virulence factors in high-risk environments and it is, therefore, critical to monitor strains for developing effective clinical management strategies. Herein, this study utilized Illumina sequencing to characterize the whole genomes of nine clinical K. pneumoniae and one K. quasipneumoniae isolate obtained from patients of 3 major hospitals in Trinidad, West Indies. Reconstruction of the assembled genomes and implementation of several bioinformatic tools revealed unique features such as high pathogenicity islands associated with the isolates. The K. pneumoniae isolates were categorized as classical (n = 3), uropathogenic (n = 5), or hypervirulent (n = 1) strains. In silico multilocus sequence typing, and phylogenetic analysis showed that isolates were related to several international high-risk genotypes, including sequence types ST11, ST15, ST86, and ST307. Analysis of the virulome and mobilome of these pathogens showed unique and clinically important features including the presence of genes associated with Type 1 and Type 3 fimbriae, the aerobactin and yersiniabactin siderophore systems, the K2 and O1/2, and the O3 and O5 serotypes. These genes were either on or in close proximity to insertion sequence elements, phage sequences, and plasmids. Several secretion systems including the Type VI system and relevant effector proteins were prevalent in the local isolates. This is the first comprehensive study investigating the genomes of clinical K. pneumoniae and K. quasipneumoniae isolates from Trinidad, West Indies. The data presented illustrate the diversity of Trinidadian clinical K. pneumoniae isolates as well as significant virulence biomarkers and mobile elements associated with these isolates. Additionally, the genomes of the local isolates will add to global databases and thus can be used in future surveillance or genomic studies in this country and the wider Caribbean region.
Surface-Framework structure: A neural network structure for weakening gridding effect in PCB mark-point semantic segmentation
Authors: Wang Yeshuai , Song Jianhua , Wang Shihui , Zhang Yan , He Peng , Yang Chao
Published: July 2023

Image transfer plays a significant role in the manufacture of PCB; it affects the production speed and quality of the manufacturing process. This study proposes a surface-framework structure, which divides the network into two parts: surface and framework. The surface part does not include subsampling to extract the detailed features of the image, thereby improving the segmentation effect when the computing power requirement is not large. Meanwhile, a semantic segmentation method based on Unet and surface-framework structure, called pure efficient Unet (PE Unet), is proposed. A comparative experiment is conducted on our mark-point dataset (MPRS). The proposed model achieved good results in various metrics. The proposed network’s IoU attained 84.74%, which is 3.15% higher than Unet. The GFLOPs is 34.0 which shows that the network model balances performance and speed. Furthermore, comparative experiments on MPRS, CHASE_DB1, TCGA-LGG datasets for Surface-Framework structure are introduced, the IoU promotion clipped means on these datasets are 2.38%, 4.35% and 0.78% respectively. The Surface-Framework structure can weaken the gridding effect and improve the performance of semantic segmentation network.
How informed is informed consent?—Evaluating the quality of informed consent among surgical patients in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal
Authors: Basukala Sunil , Shrestha Oshan , Thapa Niranjan , Karki Sagun , Pandit Ayushma , Thapa Bikash Bikram , Thapa Anup
Published: July 2023

Background

Informed consent-taking is a part of clinical practice that has ethical and legal aspects attached to it. This protects the autonomy of the patients by providing complete information regarding the rationale, modality, potential risks, benefits, and alternatives of the planned procedure to the patients. This enables the patients to make the right decision for themselves and their care. This study aims to find out if the informed consent-taking process has ensured the active participation of the patients or the next of kin in the decision-making.

Materials and methods

This is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in a military healthcare institution among patients undergoing major surgical procedures from July 2022 to October 2022. Ethical clearance was obtained before the commencement of this study. A structured questionnaire was prepared, and the collected data was refined in Excel and imported into SPSS for analysis.

Results

A total of 350 individuals of mean age 47.95 ± 16.057 years were part of this study. The majority of the respondents were married, literate, and family by beneficiary category. All of the respondents received and signed the consent form. About 77% of the respondents read it completely, and 95.4% of them reported that it was understandable. The majority of the patients did not know who was going to perform the surgery, the alternatives to the planned treatment, the benefits of the surgery, or the outcome of non-treatment. On the patient satisfaction scale, 16.28% of the participants agreed that they were satisfied with the informed consent-taking process.

Conclusion

Deficiencies in the informed consent-taking process were the lack of dissemination of adequate information on the nature, duration, pros and cons, post-operative state, and alternative of the planned procedure. A well-structured format of the consent form that is specific to a particular procedure should be adopted, and various alternatives to it must be disseminated to the patient or the next of kin to improve the quality of the informed consent-taking process.
Absolute quantification of neuromelanin in formalin-fixed human brains using absorbance spectrophotometry
Authors: Chand Dipshay Avi , Scadeng Miriam , Dieriks Birger Victor
Published: July 2023

Parkinson’s disease is characterised by a visual, preferential degeneration of the pigmented neurons in the substantia nigra. These neurons are pigmented by neuromelanin which decreases in Parkinson’s disease. Not much is known about NM as it is difficult to study and quantify, primarily due to its insolubility in most solvents except alkali. Neuromelanin quantification could progress the development of biomarkers for prodromal Parkinson’s disease and provide insights into the presently unclear role of neuromelanin in Parkinson’s disease aetiology. Light microscopy with stereology can visualise pigmented neurons, but it cannot quantify neuromelanin concentrations. Absolute neuromelanin quantification using absorbance spectrophotometry is reported in the literature, but the methodology is dated and only works with fresh-frozen tissue. We have developed a quantification protocol to overcome these issues. The protocol involves breakdown of fixed tissue, dissolving the tissue neuromelanin in sodium hydroxide, and measuring the solution’s 350 nm absorbance. Up to 100 brain samples can be analysed in parallel, using as little as 2 mg of tissue per sample. We used synthetic neuromelanin to construct the calibration curve rather than substantia nigra neuromelanin. Our protocol enzymatically synthesises neuromelanin from dopamine and L-cysteine followed by high-heat ageing. This protocol enables successful lysis of the fixed substantia nigra tissue and quantification in three brains, with neuromelanin concentrations ranging from 0.23–0.55 μg/mg tissue. Quantification was highly reproducible with an interassay coefficient of variation of 6.75% (n = 5). The absorbance spectra and elemental composition of the aged synthetic neuromelanin and substantia nigra neuromelanin show excellent overlap. Our protocol can robustly and reliably measure the absolute concentration of neuromelanin in formalin-fixed substantia nigra tissue. This will enable us to study how different factors affect neuromelanin and provide the basis for further development of Parkinson’s disease biomarkers and further research into neuromelanin’s role in the brain.
Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among Asian migrant workers in South Korea
Authors: Bhandari Pratibha
Published: July 2023

Background

The burden of non-communicable diseases is rapidly increasing among young adults in middle- and low-income countries. Asian migrant workers continue to be a significant contributor to South Korea’s economy; however, their cardiovascular health is neglected. We explored the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among Asian migrant workers in South Korea.

Methods

Cross-sectional survey, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure measurements, and biochemical tests including triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and C-reactive protein levels were conducted in 141 Asian migrant workers in South Korea.

Results

The mean age of the participants was 31.3 (5.6) years. Of the participants, 14.8% were current smokers, and 47.5% consumed alcohol. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 32.4%. The prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia were 51.2% and 64.6%, respectively. Of the participants, 98.5% had an increased waist circumference; elevated HbA1C and C-reactive protein was seen in 20.9% and 4.3%, respectively. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 5.5%. Clustering of two or more risk factors was seen in 45% of the participants. Factors associated with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases (clustering of two or more risk factors) were age (odds ratio 1.16, p < 0.01) and smoking (4.98, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was alarmingly high among Asian migrant workers employed in South Korea. Efforts to mitigate and eliminate those risk factors are urgently required.
Oxamniquine derivatives overcome Praziquantel treatment limitations for Schistosomiasis
Authors: Alwan Sevan N. , Taylor Alexander B. , Rhodes Jayce , Tidwell Michael , McHardy Stanton F. , LoVerde Philip T.
Published: July 2023

Human schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium, and S. japonicum. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the method of choice for treatment. Due to constant selection pressure, there is an urgent need for new therapies for schistosomiasis. Previous treatment of S. mansoni included the use of oxamniquine (OXA), a drug that is activated by a schistosome sulfotransferase (SULT). Guided by data from X-ray crystallography and Schistosoma killing assays more than 350 OXA derivatives were designed, synthesized, and tested. We were able to identify CIDD-0150610 and CIDD-0150303 as potent derivatives in vitro that kill (100%) of all three Schistosoma species at a final concentration of 71.5 μM. We evaluated the efficacy of the best OXA derivates in an in vivo model after treatment with a single dose of 100 mg/kg by oral gavage. The highest rate of worm burden reduction was achieved by CIDD -150303 (81.8%) against S. mansoni, CIDD-0149830 (80.2%) against S. haematobium and CIDD-066790 (86.7%) against S. japonicum. We have also evaluated the ability of the derivatives to kill immature stages since PZQ does not kill immature schistosomes. CIDD-0150303 demonstrated (100%) killing for all life stages at a final concentration of 143 μM in vitro and effective reduction in worm burden in vivo against S. mansoni. To understand how OXA derivatives fit in the SULT binding pocket, X-ray crystal structures of CIDD-0150303 and CIDD-0150610 demonstrate that the SULT active site will accommodate further modifications to our most active compounds as we fine tune them to increase favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Treatment with a single dose of 100 mg/kg by oral gavage with co-dose of PZQ + CIDD-0150303 reduced the worm burden of PZQ resistant parasites in an animal model by 90.8%. Therefore, we conclude that CIDD-0150303, CIDD-0149830 and CIDD-066790 are novel drugs that overcome some of PZQ limitations, and CIDD-0150303 can be used with PZQ in combination therapy.
Glucose-enhanced oxidative stress resistance—A protective anticipatory response that enhances the fitness of Candida albicans during systemic infection
Authors: Larcombe Daniel E. , Bohovych Iryna M. , Pradhan Arnab , Ma Qinxi , Hickey Emer , Leaves Ian , Cameron Gary , Avelar Gabriela M. , de Assis Leandro J. , Childers Delma S. , Bain Judith M. , Lagree Katherine , Mitchell Aaron P. , Netea Mihai G. , Erwig Lars P. , Gow Neil A. R. , Brown Alistair J. P.
Published: July 2023

Most microbes have developed responses that protect them against stresses relevant to their niches. Some that inhabit reasonably predictable environments have evolved anticipatory responses that protect against impending stresses that are likely to be encountered in their niches–termed “adaptive prediction”. Unlike yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces lactis and Yarrowia lipolytica and other pathogenic Candida species we examined, the major fungal pathogen of humans, Candida albicans, activates an oxidative stress response following exposure to physiological glucose levels before an oxidative stress is even encountered. Why? Using competition assays with isogenic barcoded strains, we show that “glucose-enhanced oxidative stress resistance” phenotype enhances the fitness of C. albicans during neutrophil attack and during systemic infection in mice. This anticipatory response is dependent on glucose signalling rather than glucose metabolism. Our analysis of C. albicans signalling mutants reveals that the phenotype is not dependent on the sugar receptor repressor pathway, but is modulated by the glucose repression pathway and down-regulated by the cyclic AMP-protein kinase A pathway. Changes in catalase or glutathione levels do not correlate with the phenotype, but resistance to hydrogen peroxide is dependent on glucose-enhanced trehalose accumulation. The data suggest that the evolution of this anticipatory response has involved the recruitment of conserved signalling pathways and downstream cellular responses, and that this phenotype protects C. albicans from innate immune killing, thereby promoting the fitness of C. albicans in host niches.
Paleografia e ciência da informação
Authors: Silva Carlos Guardado da , Faben Alexandre
Published: July 2023

Este estudo procura analisar e refletir acerca do diálogo intercientífico entre a Paleografia e a Ciência da Informação. Para tal, segue uma abordagem de natureza qualitativa, suportada pelo método da Investigação Documental, quer para a revisão da literatura, quer para a pesquisa e análise da informação, de modo a aferir a existência desse diálogo em estudos no âmbito da Ciência da Informação, bem como na oferta formativa nos curricula dos cursos de Ciência da Informação, em Portugal (universidades de Coimbra, Lisboa e Porto), e de 16 cursos de graduação em Arquivologia, no Brasil.

A identificação, a organização e representação da informação relativa aos documentos antigos, pelo arquivista, pelo bibliotecário ou pelo museólogo, exigem o conhecimento dos elementos constitutivos da escrita, a interpretação e a leitura dos documentos, isto é, formação em Paleografia. Hoje, concretiza-se em estudos no âmbito da Ciência da Informação, em que a Paleografia marca presença nos planos curriculares de Ciência da Informação, em Portugal, como opção, e em 14 dos 16 cursos de Arquivologia no Brasil, sendo a sua frequência obrigatória em 12 cursos de graduação.
Perceived gender equality in caregiving and mental health: the impact of the COVID-19 health crisis in a sample of Andalusian women
Authors: Muñoz-González Ana Isabel , García-Jiménez María , Cala-Carrillo Mª Jesús
Published: July 2023

The restrictions during COVID-19 seem to have had an unequal impact on the mental health and habits of the population in terms of gender. The literature states that crises such as this have a more negative impact on women. We explored perceived overload due to household chores and informal caregiving in a sample of Andalusian women, their perception of an increase in this overload after the pandemic, and its possible effect on mental health. To do this, we administered an online retrospective questionnaire to explore the perception of 166 women on care economy variables by estimating hours, effort, overload, and sharing of chores at three different times: before the onset of the pandemic, during lockdown, and at the time of data collection (one year after lockdown). We also measured depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction at the time of data collection through validated scales. Results showed that women estimated significantly more time and effort on household chores and caregiving for the lockdown period. The retrospective estimation of the sharing of tasks was similar over the three moments but women perceived that they did more than their heterosexual partners. One in four women perceived an increase in caregiving overload after the pandemic. Women who felt mental overload due to caregiving scored higher in depression than those who felt physical overload. Considering these findings, and despite the limitations of this study, the pandemic may have led to an increase in informal caregiving overload for many women. Furthermore, the relation between depression and overload one year after lockdown was demonstrated. Measures are required to reduce the impact of gender in crises by designing prevention policies and programs that promote co-responsibility.
Damage assessment, fragility, and vulnerability analysis of reinforced concrete building
Authors: Lakusic Stjepan
Published: July 2023

In addition to a concise literature review, this study presents a comparative analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings through damage index (DI) analysis using different methodologies. The seismic response of a five-story RC frame system building, designed in accordance with the EN structural Eurocodes, was analysed through fragility and vulnerability assessments. The Park–Ang methodology was used in the analysis for determining DI and its parameters. Nonlinear static analysis (NSA) and nonlinear dynamic analyses (NDA) were performed, and the fragility and vulnerability curves were constructed using the obtained results and processed through statistical analysis. The results were calculated using four different DI models: the DIPA model using both the NSA and NDA results (M1), modified DIPA model using both the NSA and NDA results (M2), DIPA model using the NSA results (M3), and modified DIPA model using the NSA results (M4).
THE SYSTEMS THINKING CASE FOR THE LIBERAL ARTS
Authors: Donaldson William , Harter Nathan
Published: July 2023

This paper makes a case for using a systems thinking approach to teaching the liberal arts. The authors believe the current siloed, reductionist disciplinary approach to technical challenges is insufficient to prepare students to address the complex adaptive system challenges. We propose that an interdisciplinary systems approach will better prepare undergraduates for the messy real world into which they will enter.
Validation of the Compassion Fatigue Short Scale among Portuguese firefighters
Authors: Rodrigues Fabiana , Bártolo Ana , Sabino Daniela , Santos Isabel M. , Pereira Anabela , Pereira Anabela , Silva Carlos F. , Silva Carlos F. , Boscarino Joseph A. , Boscarino Joseph A. , Adams Richard E. , Adams Richard E.
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to adapt the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale to Portugal and examine the reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of the scale (Pt-CF-Short Scale) among Portuguese firefighters. The factor structure of the Pt-CF-Short Scale was compared to the one-factor model fit and a two-factor model and second-order factor model in a sample of 512 firefighters. Confirmatory factor analysis procedures confirmed the good fit of a second-order factor model with two first-order factors (secondary trauma and job burnout). The Pt-CF-Short Scale showed good internal consistency evidence. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and WHOQOOL-Bref were used as convergent measures to assess psychological distress, anxiety, depression, and interpersonal sensitivity and quality of life, respectively. The measure presented a strong correlation with psychological distress and weak and negative association with quality of life. The Pt-CF-Short Scale contributes to understanding compassion fatigue and its correlates within the context of emergency workers. Results indicate that this scale is a valid and reliable assessment tool in evaluating compassion fatigue.
Dominant Affective Temperaments and its variance among people with depression, bipolar disorder, and a non-clinical sample: Validation of the Affective Temperament Questionnaire (ATQ)
Authors: Azevedo Julieta Martins , Carreiras Diogo , Castilho Paula , Rodrigues Joana , Macedo António
Published: July 2023

Affective temperaments are frequently described as a biologically determined early emerging variation in emotional reactivity, with solid temporal stability. We aimed to analyse affective temperament variation and dominance while adapting and translating the Affective Temperament Questionnaire (ATQ) to European Portuguese in both clinical (Major Depressive Disorder – MDD and Bipolar Disorder – BD) and non-clinical samples. ATQ was administered to 42 subjects with MDD, 64 with BD and 411 non-clinical. A 3-factor model CFA was performed (comprising hyperthymic, cyclothymic and dysthymic temperaments), revealing good adjustment and acceptable internal consistency levels. ATQ subscales showed a general higher internal consistency in people with mood disorders. Support for convergent validity was found. BD and MDD presented higher prevalence in Cyclothymic and Dysthymic temperaments than non-clinical, although they did not differ significantly between them regarding the last one. Findings suggest ATQ is a valid and reliable self-report measure to assess affective temperaments in the Portuguese population and proved to be acceptable for either clinical or non-clinical samples. This measure can be applied to detect early vulnerability to affective disorders, which can be very helpful in clinical settings and primary care.
“Caught by the pandemic”: Social, academic, and psychological functioning of college students, during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Campos Luísa , Dias Pedro , Cruz Matilde
Published: July 2023

This study examined the social, academic, and psychological functioning (anxiety, depression, and stress), during the first lockdown due to COVID-19 (March-July 2020), of a group of Portuguese college students. Aims: (a) to characterize the perception of the social, academic, and psychological impact of the lockdown; (b) to examine the relationship between social, academic, and psychological impact and sociodemographic, contextual, and academic characteristics; (c) to study predictors of the psychological impact of the lockdown (anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and stress). The sample consisted of 247 students who responded to a sociodemographic, contextual, and academic questionnaire, and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests, independent-sample t-tests, and linear multiple regressions. The negative psychological impact was predicted by gender, physical activity, problems connecting to the internet, and study cycle. This study highlighted the need to promote the social-emotional development of higher education students “caught by” the COVID-19 pandemic.
QUALITY OF SANTRI IN MODERN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS: QUALITY OF ACADEMIC SERVICES AND LEARNING MANAGEMENT
Authors: Badrudin  , Asep Encu  , Neng Gustini  , Dini Munawaroh
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the quality of academic services and learning management on the quality of modern pesantren graduates. The quality of academic services is seen by five leading indicators: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. Meanwhile, the quality of graduates is seen by three indicators: attitude, knowledge, and skills. The study was conducted at the Modern Al-Ikhlash Putri Islamic Boarding School, Kuningan Regency. The number of respondents is 61 with the calculation of the slovin formula. Data collection techniques in this study used a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out by testing the validity, reliability, and multiple linear regression tests assisted by the SPSS application. The research results show that the quality of academic services and learning management simultaneously influence the quality of modern pesantren graduates. It means that pesantren must improve their academic quality to have qualified graduates. Learning management should be used to develop new learning theories.
El uso de los valores hegemónicos en la campaña del No al plebiscito por la paz de 2016
Authors: Suárez Rojas Camilo Arturo
Published: July 2023

En el presente escrito se construyeron unas reflexiones al respecto de la pregunta ¿cómo la campaña del No a los acuerdos de La Habana, utilizó la moral del pueblo para obtener la mayoría de votos en el plebiscito por la paz de 2016? Para lo cual, se realizó un proceso de codificación de 22 piezas gráficas relacionadas con la campaña del No. Asimismo, el marco interpretativo se constituyó a partir de los aportes teóricos de Antonio Gramsci sobre hegemonía, así como de Ernesto Laclau sobre populismo y de Manuel Castells sobre comunicación política. Por otro lado, también se destacaron algunos elementos de la historia política de Colombia, con el fin de contextualizar el proceso de paz y las elecciones del plebiscito en 2016.
Observatorio de Paz. Una Apuesta por la Construcción de una Cultura de Paz desde la Cotidianidad de la Escuela: el Caso del Gimnasio Los Andes
Authors: Matallana Palacios Amelia Johana
Published: July 2023

El presente documento forma parte de una tesis de Maestría en Educación realizada en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, dentro de la línea de profundización en la Enseñanza de la Filosofía, titulada “Construyendo paz desde los espacios cotidianos: experiencia del Observatorio de Paz al interior del Gimnasio los Andes”. Esta propuesta tiene un alcance descriptivo y explicativo, pues ofrece una alternativa de ejecución práctica cuya implementación es viable en otras instituciones educativas. Su objetivo es contribuir a pensarse la cátedra para la paz en Colombia más allá de una imposición curricular. Con este propósito, el Observatorio de Paz surge como una herramienta para catalizar los intereses de indagación de los estudiantes, a través de un ejercicio en el que los sujetos se descubren “filosofando” continuamente y le otorgan un rol preponderante a la verdad, la razón y el sano escepticismo como elementos que conducen al buen vivir en las escuelas colombianas.
Representaciones Sociales Gráficas Sobre el Conflicto Armado en Estudiantes Universitarios del Departamento del Tolima, Colombia
Authors: Gutiérrez Patricia Coba , Forero Machado Sergio Andrés
Published: July 2023

En Colombia, los jóvenes universitarios como actores políticos tienen el papel de responder éticamente a los retos que emerjan en el escenario del posacuerdo. Esta situación exige entender cómo ellos conciben el conflicto armado. Por medio de la elucidación gráfica y la entrevista semiestructurada, en este estudio se indagó por las representaciones sociales gráficas de 100 estudiantes universitarios del Tolima que no tuvieran una relación directa con el conflicto. Estas representaciones fueron analizadas a la luz de los postulados de Jean-Claude Abric (2001), identificando sus núcleos centrales y periféricos. Las representaciones gráficas más recurrentes fueron las siguientes: (a) el reclutamiento forzoso de niños y jóvenes a manos de grupos insurgentes es la más grande consecuencia del conflicto; (b) el conflicto armado es una disputa entre intereses políticos cuya causa son las desigualdades sociales; (c) el conflicto armado es un fenómeno en el que impera la tragedia, el drama y el dolor, ya que sus víctimas son exclusivamente mujeres y niños. No obstante, dichas representaciones estuvieron mediatizadas por relatos hegemónicos de los medios de comunicación, los cuales han difundido información sesgada y discursos de odio.
Historias de Creación Artística en Contexto de Migración. Una pintora, un bailarín, un músico y un dibujante de Venezuela en Bogotá
Authors: Sierra Rivera Cindy Marcela
Published: July 2023

El presente es un artículo de resultados investigativos hechos desde el Instituto de Paz de la Universidad Distrital (IPAZUD). La reflexión principal que aquí se expone se da alrededor de la producción artística en el contexto de la migración venezolana en Colombia y Bogotá. A partir de estudios de caso y antecedentes teóricos, se buscó comprender la capacidad de integración social que ofrece la industria cultural bogotana a las y los migrantes venezolanos y, partir de allí, dar algunas recomendaciones. El proceso tendió al análisis inductivo de información cualitativa recogida en campo a través de entrevistas semi estructuradas a profundidad. Se concluyó que la ejecución de las artes en Bogotá está fuertemente jerarquizada y su capacidad de integración depende del capital social y cultural de las y los migrantes artistas, por lo que democratizar los medios para su producción, así como los espacios de divulgación y la promoción de las redes de cooperación entre migrantes, es una de las más destacadas recomendaciones finales.
مقارنة الجهد اللاهوائي المتكرر لمؤشر التعب بين لاعبات بعض الألعاب الفردية والجماعية
Authors: خضر ڕزگار مەجید
Published: July 2023

تهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على قيم مؤشر التعب بين لاعبات الالعاب الفردية (العاب القوى، تنس الطاولة، الدراجات الهوائية)، ولاعبات الألعاب الجماعية (كرة اليد ، كرة القدم للصالات ، الكرة الطائرة)، وأيضاً الكشف على الفروق بين لاعبات الألعاب الفردية (العاب القوى ، تنس الطاولة ، الدراجات الهوائية) والجماعية (كرة اليد ، كرة القدم للصالات ، الكرة الطائرة) في مؤشر التعب، واختير مجتمع البحث من لاعبات الألعاب الفردية (العاب القوى وتنس الطاولة والدراجات الهوائية) والالعاب الجماعية (كرة اليد وكرة القدم للصالات والكرة الطائرة) في إقليم كوردستان العراق، أما عينة البحث فقد اختيرت بطريقة عمدية أذ يمثلون (٥٧.٧٣%) من أندية (كويه، دەروازە وچوارقورنە) وبواقع (٧) لاعبات لكل فعالية أي بواقع (٤٢) لاعبة، واستبعدت اربع لاعبات وذلك لمشاركتهن في التجربة الاستطلاعية، وكان المنهج المستخدم هو المنهج الوصفي، واستخدم عدد من الادوات والوسائل لجمع البيانات وبعد الحصول على النتائج نوقشت بأسلوب علمي مدعوم بالمصادر لتحقيق اهداف البحث، وفي ضوء نتائج البحث توصل الباحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات منها أحدث الجهد اللاهوائي المتكرر لمجموعتي البحث (الفعاليات الفردية والجماعية) تزايد في زمن الركضات الست لقطع مسافة (٣٥) متراً من التكرار الأول وحتى التكرار السادس وتراجعاً سلبياً بسبب الهبوط في مطاولة النظام اللاهوائي وتقليل مؤشر التعب لقلة مدة الراحة في أثناء فترة الاستشفاء وهي (١٠) ثوان. ووجود فروق معنوية في مؤشر التعب بين لاعبات الفعاليات الفردية ولصالح لاعبات العاب القوى على لاعبات تنس الطاولة والدراجات الهوائية. وعلى الرغم من عدم وجود فوق معنوية في مؤشر التعب بين لاعبات الفعاليات الجماعية فقد أثبتت الأوساط الحسابية بأن لاعبات الكرة الطائرة تعرضوا للتعب أكثر من غيرهم تليهم لاعبات كرة اليد ومن ثم لاعبات كرة القدم للصالات، مما يؤكد على أن لاعبات كرة القدم يتصفون بلياقة بدنية عالية المستوى واستشفائهم أسرع مقارنة مع لاعبات كرة اليد والكرة الطائرة. وعدم وجود فروق معنوية أثناء المقارنة بين الفعاليات الفردية والجماعية في مؤشر التعب مما يؤكد على تقارب المستوى بين فعاليات قيد البحث بشكل عام.
Book review of: Breckner, Ingrid; Sinning, Heidi (Hrsg.) (2022): Wohnen nach der Flucht. Integration von Geflüchteten und Roma in städtische Wohnungsmärkte und Quartiere
Authors: Kreichauf René
Published: July 2023

Buchrezension.
Regionale Kooperation als neues Instrument der kommunalen Wirtschaftsförderung am Beispiel des Rhein-Main-Gebiets
Authors: Amberger Jürgen
Published: July 2023

Die Entwicklung hin zum europäischen Binnenmarkt ist eine neue Herausforderung für die Region Rhein-Main als Gesamtheit. Diese Erkenntnis hat bei den verantwortlichen Akteuren im Rhein-Main-Gebiet zu einem Umdenken geführt. Zum ersten Mal wurde von der Politik und der Wirtschaft eine Verbindung zwischen wirtschaftlicher Erkenntnis des Rhein-Main-Gebiets und der Zusammenarbeit innerhalb der Region hergestellt.Die Industrie- und Handelskammern des Rhein-Main-Gebiets haben in ihrer Studie “Wirtschaftsförderung im Rhein-Main-Gebiet” von den Gebietskörperschaften gefordert, ihre Aktivitäten auf dem Gebiet der Wirtschaftsförderung zu koordinieren. Das aus dieser Initiative hervorgegangene “Forum Rhein-Main” hat für die Region Felder der regionalen Kooperation definiert.Gleichzeitig haben die Oberbürgermeister der Städte Frankfurt am Main, Darmstadt, Wiesbaden und Offenbach am Main sowie der Direktor des Umlandverbandes Frankfurt in ihrer “Rhein-Main-Erklärung” die Kooperation der Wirtschaftsförderung vereinbart.Damit wurde für die Wirtschaftsförderer der Region offiziell die Grundlage, aber auch die Aufgabe einer regionalen Kooperation geschaffen. Dies bedeutet ein Umgestalten der Wirtschaftsförderungskonzeption, weg von der rein lokalen Optimierung, hin zur regionalen Zusammenarbeit.Inzwischen hat sich im Rhein-Main-Gebiet ein regionaler Arbeitskreis Wirtschaftsförderung konstituiert. Dieser Arbeitskreis hat mögliche Kooperationsfelder erarbeitet und erste konkrete Projekte der Zusammenarbeit begonnen. Dabei wird insbesondere im Bereich Flächenmanagement, Strukturentwicklung, Gewerbebestandsentwicklung und bei der Vermarktung des Standorts kooperiert. Ziel ist es, mit diesen Projekten die Kooperation zu stärken und die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung der Region, aufbauend auf den vorhandenen Stärken und Schwächen, zu intensivieren.
Kommunale Infrastruktur in den neuen Bundesländern: Ursachen des unzureichenden Erhaltungszustandes im Ost-West-Vergleich und Anknüpfungspunkte zur Gegensteuerung
Authors: Döring Thomas , Müller Walter
Published: July 2023

Der Erhaltungszustand der kommunalen Infrastruktur in den neuen Bundesländern ist desolat. Die zu ergreifenden Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung des Erhaltungszustandes sollten, vor allem im Hinblick auf eine langfristige Qualitätssicherung und eine effiziente Mittelverwendung, einer ursachengerechten Strategie folgen. Vor diesem Hintergrund analysiert der vorliegende Beitrag die bestehenden Struktur- und Intensitätsunterschiede im Gefüge der Ursachen des unzureichenden Erhaltungszustandes der materiellen kommunalen Infrastruktureinrichtungen in Ost und West. Daran anknüpfend wird versucht, orientiert an den besonderen Rahmenbedingungen in Ostdeutschland und vor dem Hintergrund westdeutscher Erfahrungswerte, Empfehlungen für die Ausgestaltung einer infrastrukturellen Qualitätssicherung in den neuen Bundesländern zu geben. Es zeigt sich dabei, daß nur in einer gesamthaften Perspektive, die neben den Kommunen auch Bund und Länder umfaßt, die Anknüpfungspunkte für notwendige Gegenmaßnahmen aufgezeigt werden können. Trotz der zahlreichen Unterschiede in den Determinantenstrukturen Ost- und Westdeutschlands passen viele Konzepte, die ursprünglich für westdeutsche Kommunen entworfen wurden, auch auf die Situation der Gemeinden in den neuen Bundesländern.
Sleep Quality and Screen Time as The Most Influential Factor of Computer Vision Syndrome
Authors: Dhafira Farhana , Prihatningtias Riski , Nugroho Trilaksana , Maharani Maharani
Published: July 2023

Background: Since the Covid-19 Pandemic hit Indonesia, college students have had many eye health complaints; one is Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). Factors that can increase the risk of CVS are decreased sleep quality, high computer/laptop use duration, and a non-ergonomic position. This study aimed to prove the relationship between sleep quality, visibility, and screen time on the incidence of CVS in medical students of Diponegoro University.Method: This cross-sectional study, including 147 medical students was conducted using primary data from questionnaires of Wendy Strouse Watt, Thomas H Murphy, Hospitality Eye Care Center, and vsp.com to gain data on respondent identity, visibility, and screen time. Sleep quality data were taken from the PSQI and CVS data through the CVS-Q questionnaire. Chi-square, Mann-Whittney, and logistic regression of multivariate analysis were used to analyze the data.Results: From 147 subjects, 108 were CVS (73.5%), and 39 were Non-CVS (26.5%). Variables of sleep quality and screen time (total) showed a significant relationship with CVS, which had p-values of p=0.001 and p=0.009 (p<0.05). As for the visibility to CVS, there was no relationship with p=0.863. In the multivariate test, sleep quality (p=0.000; ExpB=4.342) and total screen time (p=0.006; ExpB=3.913) were the most influential variables. The results showed that Computer Vision Syndrome is ubiquitous among Diponegoro University's final-year medical students. Sleep quality and total screen time can increase the risk of CVS by four times. This study also shows that CVS still appears in the post-pandemic era.
Sociotechnical infrastructuring for digital participation in rural development: A survey of public administrators in Germany
Authors: Stein Veronika , Pentzold Christian , Peter Sarah , Sterly Simone
Published: July 2023

The “smart village” flourishes – at least in policy papers that envision the revitalization of rural areas through the civic deployment of networked media and telecommunications. Yet, while such aspirations are widespread, little is known about the views of those tasked with supervising and supporting digitally driven public participation for rural progress. To address the lack of insight into what these intermediary administrators conceive as catalysts and challenges for the realization of smart village conceptions, we surveyed representatives of regions in Germany who oversee rural development schemes, most notably within the European LEADER framework. For these key actors, digital participation does not mainly hinge on broadband access and IT availability. Instead, they emphasize the importance of human and administrative resources as well as multi-actor collaboration, which we discuss in terms of digital readiness, digital willingness, and digital activity. Building the smart village, we conclude, seems not so much a matter of technological infrastructure, but rather of sociotechnical infrastructuring.
Conspiracy Theories in the US: Who Believes in Them?
Authors: Stockemer Daniel
Published: July 2023

Conspiracy theories have become an increasingly important part of the political realm especially in the United States. More than 30 % of citizens either strongly or somewhat believe in QAnon, the Birther or the Truther conspiracy to name a few of these theories. In this article, I provide an overview of conspiracy theory beliefs and evaluate the factors that make people more likely to believe in such theories. With the help of an original survey comprising 1000 residents in the US, I detect that there is not necessarily a conspirational mindset. While low education, a right-wing ideology seem to increase beliefs in conspiracy theories throughout the board, the effects of other indicators including populist attitudes, low self-esteem and age tend differ based on the conspiracy theory under investigation.
Savanorių, kaip mentorių, veikla teikiant pagalbą vaikams, dalyvaujantiems “Big Brothers / Big Sisters” programoje
Authors: Klanienė Ilona , Glybina Alina , Šmitienė Gražina , Lengvinas Donatas
Published: July 2023

Šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje vaikai patenka į krizines situacijas, susiduria su šeimos problemomis, jiems kyla mokymosi sunkumų, visa tai veikia jų socialinę ir emocinę brandą. Vaikų ugdymu ir apsauga rūpinasi daug įvairių organizacijų, vis dėlto, be institucinės globos, jiems ypač svarbi individuali suaugusiojo parama ir socialinis palaikymas, tad kuriamos įvairios socialinės pedagoginės pagalbos programos, kurios rengia suaugusius savanorius, kurie pasiryžta tapti vaikų mentoriais. Straipsnyje analizuojamos savanorių, dalyvaujančių programoje “Big Brothers / Big Sisters” (BB / BS), veiklos galimybės teikiant pagalbą vaikams. Atliktas kokybinis tyrimas, kuriame dalyvavo trys grupės informantų: vaikai, tėvai (globėjai), savanoriai (16 dalyvių). Kokybinio tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad visų trijų grupių informantai įžvelgia neabejotiną šios programos naudą vaikams. Savanoriai šioje programoje ne tik tampa vedliais sprendžiant vaikui iškylančias gyvenimiškas problemas „čia ir dabar“, bet ir sudaro geresnes sąlygas jų saviraiškai, padeda tobulinti vaikų bendravimo įgūdžius, skatina labiau pasitikėti savimi. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad šioje programoje dirbantiems savanoriams ypač svarbi profesionali programos koordinatoriaus pagalba, dalijimasis patirtimi su kitais savanoriais ir jos reflektavimas.
PROFESSORAS RURAIS
Authors: Assis Danielle Angélica de , Leite Kamila Cristina Evaristo , Lima Sandra Cristina Fagundes de
Published: July 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a profissão docente em escolas rurais nos munícipios de Rio Claro-SP e Uberlândia-MG (1950 a 1980). Para responder às questões de como ocorreu a formação das professoras, como ingressaram nas escolas rurais e quais práticas desenvolveram, utilizamos como fonte de pesquisa: entrevistas com onze professoras, caderno escolar e a legislação que regulamentou a profissão em ambos os estados. Concluímos que, a despeito das particularidades em sua formação e no ingresso na carreira, tanto as professoras leigas quanto as certificadas tinham que transpor as fragilidades da escola instalada em meio rural para ministrarem as suas aulas.
METAMORFOSIS - Desnudo del cuerpo humano
Authors: Zerpa Erlen
Published: July 2023

É designer gráfico formado pelo Colegio Universitario Monseñor de Talavera da cidade de San Cristóbal (Táchira). Especializou-se em Desenvolvimento Artístico e Restauro no Istituto statale d'Arte di Firenze (Itália). Atualmente, possui esculturas permanentes no museu a céu aberto na Av. Antonio José de Sucre, na cidade de San Cristóbal. Suas obras foram exibidas em importantes bienais, salões e galerias dentro e fora da Venezuela. Sua primeira aproximação à arte aconteceu após terminar o ensino médio. Seu trabalho como criativo publicitário o aproximou das artes visuais, profissão na qual continua trabalhando até hoje. A fotografia é um componente de seus trabalhos como artista visual.
Determining phenological phases of selected tree species with MODIS time-series data
Authors: Kanjir Urška , Skudnik Mitja , Kokalj Žiga
Published: July 2023

This study investigates the usefulness of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) satellite imagery for determining the start, end, and length of the growing season of selected deciduous tree species. Vegetation indices derived from satellite imagery provide consistent observations in a similar temporal sequence and are useful for determining phenological phases. Using time series of NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index) vegetation index from MODIS imagery, phenological patterns were detected at several points in Slovenia and different approaches to determine seasonal phases were compared. In addition, the derived seasonal phases with field phenological and meteorological data were also compared. It has been found that the success of determining phenological phases from satellite imagery depends on many factors: the spatial resolution of the satellite data, the smoothing method for the time series data, the method for determining phenological parameters, and the field data used for comparison. The results of the study show that phenological phases determined by using MODIS data with a resolution of 250 m best match the phenological data maintained by the Slovenian Forestry Institute using the mean seasonal values method.
Building digital life systems for future biology and medicine
Authors: Zhang Xuegong , Wei Lei , Jiang Rui , Wang Xiaowo , Gu Jin , Xie Zhen , Lv Hairong
Published: July 2023

The rapid development of biological technology (BT) and information technology (IT) especially of genomics and artificial intelligence (AI) is bringing great potential for revolutionizing future medicine. We propose the concept and framework of Digital Life Systems or dLife as a new paradigm to unleash this potential. It includes the multi‐scale and multi‐granule measure and representation of life in the digital space, the mathematical and/or computational modeling of the biology behind physiological and pathological processes, and ultimately cyber twins of healthy or diseased human body in the virtual space that can be used to simulate complex biological processes and deduce effects of medical treatments. We advocate that dLife is the route toward future AI precision medicine and should be the new paradigm for future biological and medical research.