bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of sleep disturbances and circadian rhythms modifications on cognition in breast cancer women before and after adjuvant chemotherapy: the ICANSLEEP-1 protocol
Authors: Elia Clara , de Girolamo Laura , Clarisse Bénédicte , Galin Melvin , Rehel Stéphane , Clochon Patrice , Doidy Franck , Segobin Shailendra , Viader Fausto , Naveau Mikaël , Delcroix Nicolas , Segura-Djezzar Carine , Grellard Jean-Michel , Lequesne Justine , Etard Olivier , Martin Tristan , Quarck Gaëlle , Eustache Francis , Joly Florence , Giffard Bénédicte , Perrier Joy
Published: December 2023

Background

Many patients treated for breast cancer (BC) complain about cognitive difficulties affecting their daily lives. Recently, sleep disturbances and circadian rhythm disruptions have been brought to the fore as potential contributors to cognitive difficulties in patients with BC. Yet, studies on these factors as well as their neural correlates are scarce. The purpose of the ICANSLEEP-1 (Impact of SLEEP disturbances in CANcer) study is to characterize sleep using polysomnography and its relationship with the evolution of cognitive functioning at both the behavioral and the neuroanatomical levels across treatment in BC patients treated or not with adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods

ICANSLEEP-1 is a longitudinal study including BC patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 25) or not treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 25) and healthy controls with no history of BC (n = 25) matched for age (45–65 years old) and education level. The evaluations will take place within 6 weeks after inclusion, before the initiation of chemotherapy (for BC patients who are candidates for chemotherapy) or before the first fraction of radiotherapy (for BC patients with no indication for chemotherapy) and 6 months later (corresponding to 2 weeks after the end of chemotherapy). Episodic memory, executive functions, psychological factors, and quality of life will be assessed with validated neuropsychological tests and self-questionnaires. Sleep quantity and quality will be assessed with polysomnography and circadian rhythms with both actigraphy and saliva cortisol. Grey and white matter volumes, as well as white matter microstructural integrity, will be compared across time between patients and controls and will serve to further investigate the relationship between sleep disturbances and cognitive decline.

Discussion

Our results will help patients and clinicians to better understand sleep disturbances in BC and their relationship with cognitive functioning across treatment. This will aid the identification of more appropriate sleep therapeutic approaches adapted to BC patients. Improving sleep in BC would eventually help limit cognitive deficits and thus improve quality of life during and after treatments.

Trial registration

NCT05414357, registered June 10, 2022.

Protocol version

Version 1.2 dated March 23, 2022.
Construction of a prognostic risk score model based on the ARHGAP family to predict the survival of osteosarcoma
Authors: Liu Wenda , Xia Kezhou , Zheng Di , Huang Xinghan , Wei Zhun , Wei Zicheng , Guo Weichun
Published: December 2023

Background

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of bone tumors. More and more ARHGAP family genes have been confirmed are to the occurrence, development, and invasion of tumors. However, its significance in osteosarcoma remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify the relationship between ARHGAP family genes and prognosis in patients with OS.

Methods

OS samples were retrieved from the TCGA and GEO databases. We then performed LASSO regression analysis and multivariate COX regression analysis to select ARHGAP family genes to construct a risk prognosis model. We then validated this prognostic model. We utilized ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms to calculate the stroma and immune scores of samples, as well as the proportions of tumor infiltrating immune cells (TICs). Finally, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments to investigate the effect of ARHGAP28 on osteosarcoma.

Results

We selected five genes to construct a risk prognosis model. Patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups and the survival time of the high-risk group was lower than that of the low-risk group. The high-risk group in the prognosis model constructed had relatively poor immune function. GSEA and ssGSEA showed that the low-risk group had abundant immune pathway infiltration. The overexpression of ARHGAP28 can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells and tumor growth in mice, and IHC showed that overexpression of ARHGAP28 could inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells.

Conclusion

We constructed a risk prognostic model based on five ARHGAP family genes, which can predict the overall survival of patients with osteosarcoma, to better assist us in clinical decision-making and individualized treatment.
Hepatocellular carcinoma immune prognosis score predicts the clinical outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Zhang Rujia , Zhao Haoran , Wang Peng , Guo Zuoming , Liu Chunxun , Qu Zhaowei
Published: December 2023

Objective

The predictive biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still need to be further explored. This study aims to establish a new immune prognosis biomarker to predict the clinical outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Methods

The subjects of this study were 151 HCC patients receiving ICIs at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021. This study collected a wide range of blood parameters from patients before treatment and used Cox’s regression analysis to identify independent prognostic factors in blood parameters, as well as their β coefficient. The hepatocellular carcinoma immune prognosis score (HCIPS) was established through Lasso regression analysis and COX multivariate analysis. The cut-off value of HCIPS was calculated from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Finally, the prognostic value of HCIPS was validated through survival analysis, stratified analyses, and nomograms.

Results

HCIPS was composed of albumin (ALB) and thrombin time (TT), with a cut-off value of 0.64. There were 56 patients with HCIPS < 0.64 and 95 patients with HCIPS ≥ 0.64, patients with low HCIPS were significantly related to shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (13.10 months vs. 1.63 months, P < 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (14.83 months vs. 25.43 months, P < 0.001). HCIPS has also been found to be an independent prognostic factor in this study. In addition, the stratified analysis found a significant correlation between low HCIPS and shorter OS in patients with tumor size ≥ 5 cm (P of interaction = 0.032). The C-index and 95% CI of the nomograms for PFS and OS were 0.730 (0.680–0.779) and 0.758 (0.711–0.804), respectively.

Conclusions

As a new score established based on HCC patients receiving ICIs, HCIPS was significantly correlated with clinical outcomes in patients with ICIs and might serve as a new biomarker to predict HCC patients who cloud benefit from ICIs.
A pilot randomized controlled trial comparing nutritious meal kits and no-prep meals to improve food security and diet quality among food pantry clients
Authors: Hollis-Hansen Kelseanna , Haskins Carolyn , Turcios Jessica , Bowen Michael E. , Leonard Tammy , Lee MinJae , Albin Jaclyn , Wadkins-Chambers Benaye , Thompson Cynthia , Hall Taylor , Pruitt Sandi L.
Published: December 2023

Background

Food pantry clients have high rates of food insecurity and greater risk for and prevalence of diet-related diseases. Many clients face time, resource, and physical constraints that limit their ability to prepare healthy meals using foods typically provided by pantries. We compared two novel approaches to alleviate those barriers and encourage healthier eating: meal kits, which bundle ingredients with a recipe on how to prepare a healthy meal, and nutritious no-prep meals, which can be eaten after thawing or microwaving.

Methods

Participants were adult pantry clients from a large food pantry in the Southern sector of Dallas, Texas. We conducted a repeated measures between-subjects study with 70 clients randomized to receive 14-days of meal kits (n = 35) or no-prep meals (n = 35). Participants completed questionnaires at baseline and two-week follow-up on demographics, hedonic liking of study meals, perceived dietary quality, and food security. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to examine group and time effects, and group by time interactions. We also describe feasibility and satisfaction outcomes to inform future implementation.

Results

Sixty-six participants completed the study (94%). Participants were predominantly Hispanic or Latino(a) (63%) and African American or Black (31%) women (90%). There was a significant interaction on hedonic liking of study meals (ηp²=0.16, F(1,64) = 11.78, p < .001), such that participants that received meal kits had greater improvements in hedonic liking over time than participants in the no-prep group. We observed significant improvements in perceived dietary quality (ηp²=0.36, F(1,64) = 36.38, p < .001) and food security (ηp²=0.36, F(1,64) = 36.38, p < .001) across both groups over time, but no between group differences or significant interactions indicating one intervention was more effective than the other. Program satisfaction was high across both groups, but higher among the meal kit group (ηp²=0.09, F(1,64) = 6.28, p = .015).

Conclusions

Results suggest nutritious meal kits and no-prep meals may be desirable nutrition intervention strategies for pantry clients and have potential to increase food security and perceived dietary quality in the short-term. Our findings are limited by a small sample and short follow-up. Future studies should continue to test both interventions, and include longer follow-up, objective measures of dietary quality, and relevant clinical outcomes.

Trial registration

This trial was registered on 25/10/2022 on ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT05593510.
Pain sensitivity and quality of life of patients with burning mouth syndrome: a preliminary study in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhao Hongsen , Ran Shujun , Gan Kang , Du Yajing , Li Wenlu
Published: December 2023

Background

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is an oral-facial pain disorder involving the central and peripheral nervous systems, but the evidence for altered pain sensitivity remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate pain sensitivity and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with BMS and to assess the relationship between them.

Methods

Fifty Chinese patients with BMS (57.82 ± 11.2 years) and fifty age- and gender-matched healthy subjects (55.64 ± 10.1 years) participated in the study. The Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) was used to assess participants’ pain sensitivity. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to evaluate participants’ OHRQoL.

Results

The PSQ total score (p = 0.009), the PSQ minor score (p = 0.003) and the OHIP-14 score (p<0.05) of patients with BMS were significantly higher than those of the healthy subjects. Simple linear regression showed that the PSQ minor score was significantly associated with the OHIP-14 score in patients with BMS (β = 0.338, p = 0.016).

Conclusion

Patients with BMS have higher pain sensitivity than healthy subjects. Reducing pain sensitivity might help to improve the quality of life of patients with BMS.
Network pharmacology-based strategy to investigate the bioactive ingredients and molecular mechanism of Evodia rutaecarpa in colorectal cancer
Authors: Lu Yongqu , Dong Kangdi , Yang Meng , Liu Jun
Published: December 2023

Background

Evodia rutaecarpa, a traditional herbal drug, is widely used as an analgesic and antiemetic. Many studies have confirmed that Evodia rutaecarpa has an anticancer effect. Here, our study explored the bioactive ingredients in Evodia rutaecarpa acting on colorectal cancer (CRC) by utilizing network pharmacology.

Methods

We clarified the effective ingredients and corresponding targets of Evodia rutaecarpa. CRC-related genes were obtained from several public databases to extract candidate targets. Candidate targets were used to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network for screening out core targets with topological analysis, and then we selected the core targets and corresponding ingredients for molecular docking. Cell proliferation experiments and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) verified the anticancer effect of the bioactive ingredients and the results of molecular docking.

Results

Our study obtained a total of 24 bioactive ingredients and 100 candidate targets after intersecting ingredient-related targets and CRC-related genes, and finally, 10 genes—TNF, MAPK1, TP53, AKT1, RELA, RB1, ESR1, JUN, CCND1 and MYC—were screened out as core targets. In vitro experiments suggested that rutaecarpine excelled isorhamnetin, evodiamine and quercetin in the inhibition of CRC cells and the release of TNF-α was altered with the concentrations of rutaecarpine. Molecular docking showed that rutaecarpine could effectively bind with TNF-α.

Conclusion

The pairs of ingredients-targets in Evodia rutaecarpa acted on CRC were excavated. Rutaecarpine as a bioactive ingredient of Evodia rutaecarpamight effectively inhibit the proliferation of CRC cells by suppressing TNF-α.
Enhancing the work engagement of frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating role of affective commitment and perceived organizational support
Authors: Shan Yawei , Zhou Xuemei , Zhang Zhiyi , Chen Weijia , Chen Ru
Published: December 2023

Background

Overload and anxiety were common phenomena among frontline nurses during the pandemic. Understanding the potential pathway for fostering engagement in high-stress working conditions can provide evidence of targeted intervention to facilitate nurses’ well-being and safety practices. This study aims to investigate the level of nurses’ work engagement during nucleic acid collection tasks in the COVID-19 pandemic and identify its potential antecedents.

Methods

A cross-sectional design was adopted. A sample of 824 nurses who engaged in nucleic acid collection tasks completed an online self-report questionnaire between 1 March and 31 May 2022. Descriptive and path analyses were utilized to analyse the interrelationships among anxiety, perceived workload, affective commitment, perceived organizational support and work engagement. This study was conducted and reported under the guidelines for Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology.

Results

The results showed that frontline nurses engaged in such tasks reported high levels of anxiety and task load and low levels of work engagement. Path analysis identified anxiety symptoms, perceived workload, perceived organizational support, and affective commitment as associated with work engagement, and among these factors, perceived organizational support and affective commitment played key roles in mediating the relationship of anxiety, workload and work engagement in high-stress working conditions.

Conclusions

Affective commitment and perceived organizational support were associated with frontline nurses’ level of work engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic; these two variables might explain how engagement is generated in high-anxiety and high-workload situations. When healthcare organizations give more attention to frontline nurses’ physical and psychological conditions and are able to innovatively motivate affective commitment and facilitate organizational support, nurses’ work engagement in high-level tasks may increase, thus enhancing work safety and personal well-being.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice among medical students in gaza strip towards voluntary blood donation: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alsarafandi Muath , Al-Karim Sammour Abd , Elijla Younis , Aldabbour Belal , Muhaisen Deema , Shiha Heba Abu , Alasttal Abdalmajid , Dalloul Nour , Abuhaiba Anas
Published: December 2023

Background

A major component of emergency medical care is blood. The Gaza Strip has faced repeated wars over the last few years, emphasizing the importance of blood donation even more. This study aims to assess medical students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding voluntary blood donation in Gaza (VBD).

Methods

This cross-sectional study used stratified sampling method to survey medical students at Gaza’s two medical schools, Al-Azhar and Islamic Universities, between March and April 2022. A 35-item self-administered questionnaire with four sections: demographics, knowledge, attitude, and practice, was used. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 25.

Results

A total of 329 students were surveyed (response rate of 89.6%). The median age was 20 (IQR = 3). Males made up 44.7% of the sample. Overall, 54.7% were found to have good knowledge about VBD, 68.1% did not know the time-to-wait between each whole blood donation, and in terms of blood donation criteria, only 30.7%, 25.2% were aware of the appropriate age and weight for donating. Moreover, school was the source of most information (66.6%). Meanwhile, 73.3% of participants expressed a positive attitude toward VBD. Only (17,6%) did not show a willingness to donate blood regardless of their relationship with the recipient. The vast majority (83.3%) had never donated blood before, and 12.5% had no plans to do so in the future. The two most common reasons for this were the lack of opportunity and health issues (31.0%, 11.9%, respectively).

Conclusion

The sampled medical students had a positive attitude toward VBD, but there were deficiencies in their knowledge of blood donation criteria, and most had not donated blood. Adequate awareness campaigns are required to increase awareness about this universally and locally important subject.
Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles in Preeclampsia
Authors: Ping Zepeng , Feng Ying , Lu Ying , Ai Ling , Jiang Huling
Published: December 2023

Background

Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy specific syndrome, is one kind of common gestational hypertension disease, which can cause maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. This study was conducted to identify key microRNAs (miRNAs), mRNAs and related signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of PE.

Methods

Whole transcriptome sequencing and small RNA sequencing of the peripheral blood from 3 PE patients and 3 normal pregnant women were performed. Differential expressed (DE) miRNAs were identified using the DEseq2 package. Target genes of the selected upregulated and downregulated DE miRNAs were predicted. Based on the hypergeometric distribution of DE miRNA target genes, we analyzed GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment using R.

Results

Total 1291 and 1281 novel RNAs were obtained from the preeclampsia patients and healthy individuals. 70 miRNAs were screened out with significant levels with 51 significantly upregulated and 19 significantly downregulated. 44,306 genes were predicted as the targets of these miRNAs. Besides, KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the upregulated miRNAs were enriched in Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis-chondroitin sulfate / dermatan sulfate, Base excision repair and the downregulated miRNAs were enriched in Tuberculosis, Phagosome.

Conclusion

We constructed regulatory networks of miRNAs and target genes, there were 2208 negative miRNA-mRNA interactions in total. The network and pathway information illustrate the potential functions of mRNAs and miRNAs in PE pathogenesis.
DHRS4-AS1 regulate gastric cancer apoptosis and cell proliferation by destabilizing DHX9 and inhibited the association between DHX9 and ILF3
Authors: Xiao Lei , zhang Yang , Luo Qingqing , Guo Cao , Chen Zihua , Lai Chen
Published: December 2023

Gastric cancer (GC) causes millions of cancer-related deaths due to anti-apoptosis and rapid proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying GC cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis remain unclear. The expression levels of DHRS4-AS1 in GC were analyzed based on GEO database and recruited GC patients in our institution. We found that DHRS4-AS1 was significantly downregulated in GC. The expression of DHRS4-AS1 in GC tissues showed a significant correlation with tumor size, advanced pathological stage, and vascular invasion. Moreover, DHRS4-AS1 levels in GC tissues were significantly associated with prognosis. DHRS4-AS1 markedly inhibited GC cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in vitro and in vivo assays. Mechanically, We found that DHRS4-AS1 bound to pro-oncogenic DHX9 (DExH-box helicase 9) and recruit the E3 ligase MDM2 that contributed to DHX9 degradation. We also confirmed that DHRS4-AS1 inhibited DHX9-mediated cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis. Furthermore, we found DHX9 interact with ILF3 (Interleukin enhancer Binding Factor 3) and activate NF-kB Signaling in a ILF3-dependent Manner. Moreover, DHRS4-AS1 can also inhibit the association between DHX9 and ILF3 thereby interfered the activation of the signaling pathway. Our results reveal new insights into mechanisms underlying GC progression and indicate that LncRNA DHRS4-AS1 could be a future therapeutic target and a biomarker for GC diagnosis.
Methodology and results of cost-effectiveness of LDL-C lowering with evolocumab in patients with acute myocardial infarction in China
Authors: Wan Yuansheng , Liu Jinyu , Zhan Xiaolian , Zhang Yu , You Ruxu
Published: December 2023

Background

According to the Chinese guidelines for lipid management (2023), evolocumab in combination with statins was recommended as secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, because of the variation in the price of evolocumab and its different methods of confirming clinical efficacy, it was necessary to explore its economics and the impact of different methods of confirming efficacy on its economic studies.

Objective

The purpose of this paper was to assess the cost-effectiveness of evolocumab with statins versus statins alone for patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) in China and to investigate the impact of different clinical effectiveness modeling approaches on economic outcomes.

Methods

A Markov cohort state-transition model was used to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) based on Chinese observational data on cardiovascular event rates, efficacy from the Asian subgroup of the FOURIER trial, cost and utility from the Chinese Yearbook of Health Statistics, health insurance data, and published studies conducted in China. This study conducted subgroup analyses for different populations and dosing regimens; sensitivity analyses for parameters such as cost, utility, and cardiovascular event rates; and scenario analyses on hospital hierarchy, time horizon, starting age, and price for statins.

Results

ICERs ranged from 27423 to 214777 Chinese yuan(CNY) per QALY gained, all below the willingness-to-pay threshold of CNY 257094. Only when the time horizon became small, the ICERs were greater than the willingness-to-pay. The probabilities that adding evolocumab to statins was cost-effective ranged from 76 to 98%. When the time horizon became small, i.e. evolocumab was discontinued before the age of 75 (after conversion), the corresponding ICERs were almost always greater than the willingness-to-pay. ICERs for modelling approaches based on clinical endpoints were 1.34 to 1.95 times higher than ICERs for modelling approaches based on reduced LDL-C levels.

Conclusions

From the Chinese healthcare and private payer perspectives, adding evolocumab to statin therapy in AMI patients is more likely to be a cost-effective treatment option at the current list price of CNY 283.8. However, evolocumab may not be cost-effective if used for shorter periods of time. The results based on different clinical effectiveness modeling approaches were significantly different.
Several key issues must be noted in determining postoperative analgesic efficacy of intercostal nerve block for thoracoscopic surgery
Authors: Li Xin-Tao , Yang Wen-He , Xue Fu-Shan
Published: December 2023

The letter to the editor was written in response to “The effect of ultrasound-guided intercostal nerve block on postoperative analgesia in thoracoscopic surgery: a randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial”, which was recently published by Li et al. (J Cardiothorac Surg 18(1):128, 2023). In this article, Li et al. showed that addition of a preoperative intercostal nerve block to the multimodal analgesic strategy significantly reduced the pain scores within 48 h after surgery. However, we noted several issues in this study that were not well addressed. They were no use of a standard opioid-sparing multimodal analgesic strategy recommended in the current Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols for thoracic surgery, the lack of clear description for reasonable selection of rescue analgesics, the interpretion of between-group differences in the postoperative pain scores based on only statistical differences rather than clinically meaningful differences, inclusion of patients who were not blinded to study intervention, not reporting cumulative opioid consumption and complications of intercostal nerve block. We believe that clarification of these issues is not only useful for improving design quality of randomized clinical trials which assess postoperative analgesic efficacy of nerve blocks, but also is helpful for the readers who want to use an opioid-sparing multimodal protocol including a nerve block in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.
Serum cystatin C predicts the risk of non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Dong Hao , Xiao Dongping , Tang Yong
Published: December 2023

Objective

Inflammation markers have been proposed as the predictors of adverse cardiac events in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS). This study aimed to investigate prognostic value of serum cystatin C (Cys-C) for NSTE-ACS patients.

Methods

Cys-C, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were examined in 212 NSTE-ACS patients and 60 controls. Global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE) score and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in NSTE-ACS patients were recorded.

Results

Cys-C level in the serum was significantly higher in NSTE-ACS patients than in control, and was positively correlated with hsCRP level and NLR as well as GRACE score at admission and 6 months after discharge in NSTE-ACS patients. Serum Cys-C level was identified as a new predictor of MACE.

Conclusion

Serum Cys-C level may be an inflammation biomarker in patients with NSTE-ACS, and could be used as an independent predictor of MACE.
Dysnatremia at ICU admission and functional outcome of cardiac arrest: insights from four randomised controlled trials
Authors: Lascarrou Jean Baptiste , Ermel Cyrielle , Cariou Alain , Laitio Timo , Kirkegaard Hans , Søreide Eldar , Grejs Anders M. , Reinikainen Matti , Colin Gwenhael , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Le Gouge Amélie , Skrifvars Markus B.
Published: December 2023

Purpose

To evaluate the potential association between early dysnatremia and 6-month functional outcome after cardiac arrest.

Methods

We pooled data from four randomised clinical trials in post-cardiac-arrest patients admitted to the ICU with coma after stable return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Admission natremia was categorised as normal (135–145 mmol/L), low, or high. We analysed associations between natremia category and Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) 1 or 2 at 6 months, with and without adjustment on the modified Cardiac Arrest Hospital Prognosis Score (mCAHP).

Results

We included 1163 patients (581 from HYPERION, 352 from TTH48, 120 from COMACARE, and 110 from Xe-HYPOTHECA) with a mean age of 63 ± 13 years and a predominance of males (72.5%). A cardiac cause was identified in 63.6% of cases. Median time from collapse to ROSC was 20 [15–29] minutes. Overall, mean natremia on ICU admission was 137.5 ± 4.7 mmol/L; 211 (18.6%) and 31 (2.7%) patients had hyponatremia and hypernatremia, respectively. By univariate analysis, CPC 1 or 2 at 6 months was significantly less common in the group with hyponatremia (50/211 [24%] vs. 363/893 [41%]; P = 0.001); the mCAHP-adjusted odds ratio was 0.45 (95%CI 0.26–0.79, p = 0.005). The number of patients with hypernatremia was too small for a meaningful multivariable analysis.

Conclusions

Early hyponatremia was common in patients with ROSC after cardiac arrest and was associated with a poorer 6-month functional outcome. The mechanisms underlying this association remain to be elucidated in order to determine whether interventions targeting hyponatremia are worth investigating.

Registration ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT01994772, November 2013, 21.
TargetRNA3: predicting prokaryotic RNA regulatory targets with machine learning
Authors: Tjaden Brian
Published: December 2023

Small regulatory RNAs pervade prokaryotes, with the best-studied family of these non-coding genes corresponding to trans-acting regulators that bind via base pairing to their message targets. Given the increasing frequency with which these genes are being identified, it is important that methods for illuminating their regulatory targets keep pace. Using a machine learning approach, we investigate thousands of interactions between small RNAs and their targets, and we interrogate more than a hundred features indicative of these interactions. We present a new method, TargetRNA3, for predicting targets of small RNA regulators and show that it outperforms existing approaches. TargetRNA3 is available at https://cs.wellesley.edu/~btjaden/TargetRNA3.
Superior vena cava syndrome induced by lung hyperinflation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case report
Authors: Kanaji Nobuhiro , Watanabe Naoki , Inoue Takuya , Mizoguchi Hitoshi , Sakamoto Kosuke , Komori Yuta , Kawada Kosuke , Kadowaki Norimitsu
Published: December 2023

Background

Superior vena cava syndrome is rarely attributed to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Case presentation

We present the case of an 82-year-old Japanese man who experienced gradually progressive dyspnea on exertion. His physical examination revealed small vascular dilatations on his chest and upper abdominal skin characterized by blood flow from head to leg, indicating superior vena cava syndrome. Radiographic findings included lung hyperinflation with a drop-like heart on chest X-ray, and emphysematous changes on computed tomography. The superior vena cava appeared extremely narrow and slit-like, with no adjacent mass or giant bulla. Pulmonary function testing indicated a forced expiratory volume in 1 second of 0.82L (44.4% of predicted value) and a forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity of 31.29%. A diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was made. We discuss how longitudinal forces can narrow the superior vena cava, particularly when it protrudes toward the lung field due to its anatomical location in the upper mediastinum. The absence of mediastinal adipose tissue may render the superior vena cava susceptible to compression, resulting in a loss of its typical columnar structure. The protrusion of the superior vena cava toward the lung field may be a contributing factor to superior vena cava narrowing in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Conclusion

This case represents the first reported instance of superior vena cava syndrome associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, characterized by lung hyperinflation, in the absence of a giant bulla.
ChatGPT and large language models in orthopedics: from education and surgery to research
Authors: Chatterjee Srijan , Bhattacharya Manojit , Pal Soumen , Lee Sang‐Soo , Chakraborty Chiranjib
Published: December 2023

ChatGPT has quickly popularized since its release in November 2022. Currently, large language models (LLMs) and ChatGPT have been applied in various domains of medical science, including in cardiology, nephrology, orthopedics, ophthalmology, gastroenterology, and radiology. Researchers are exploring the potential of LLMs and ChatGPT for clinicians and surgeons in every domain. This study discusses how ChatGPT can help orthopedic clinicians and surgeons perform various medical tasks. LLMs and ChatGPT can help the patient community by providing suggestions and diagnostic guidelines. In this study, the use of LLMs and ChatGPT to enhance and expand the field of orthopedics, including orthopedic education, surgery, and research, is explored. Present LLMs have several shortcomings, which are discussed herein. However, next‐generation and future domain‐specific LLMs are expected to be more potent and transform patients’ quality of life.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive pigments from Spirulina platensis in natural deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Martins Rodrigo , Mouro Cláudia , Pontes Rita , Nunes João , Gouveia Isabel
Published: December 2023

Spirulina platensis biopigments have been documented as a potential source of nutritional, physiological, and pharmacological purposes due to the presence of bioactive pigments, total phenolic content (TPC) and the consequent antioxidant activity that these compounds present. Bioextracts market has increased in the last decades and is a key option for replacing fossil-derived products and promote the transition for a bio-based economy. To take advantage of these compounds more effectively, optimized extraction processes must be researched and used in biomass sources. The present study focused on optimizing the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using response surface methodology. Three factor and three level Box–Behnken design was used to optimize the extraction of bioactive pigments, and to investigate the effects of three independent variables, $$x$$
x
1: extraction temperature (40–60 °C), $$x$$
x
2: extraction cycle time (20–40 min), and $$x$$
x
3: solvent-to-biomass ratio (50–70 mL/mg) on total pigment yield, antioxidant assay, and TPC (dependent variables). A second-order polynomial model was used for predicting the responses. Statistically, the model was validated using an analysis of variance. Results revealed that ultrasound-assisted temperature, time, and solvent-to-biomass ratio had a significant (p < 0.05) influence on the total pigment yield, while temperature and solvent-to-biomass ratio had a significant influence in the antioxidant activity, and temperature significantly influenced the total pigment yield. For total pigment yield, antioxidant activity, and total phenol content, the $${R}^{2}$$

R

2

values of the models generated were 0.8627, 0.8460, and 0.9003, respectively, indicating that the models developed based on second-order polynomials were satisfactorily accurate for analyzing interactions between parameters. Desirability functions showed that the optimal extraction parameters were temperature: 60 °C, extraction cycle time: 20 min; and a solvent-to-biomass ratio of 70 mL/mg. Under optimal conditions, experimental values for total pigment yield, total phenol content expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE), and antioxidant activity expressed as Trolox equivalent (TRE) were: 165.19 ± 1.01 mg/g Dry Matter (DM), 36.50 ± 0.98 mg GAE/g DM, and 37.98 ± 0.58 mg TRE/g DM, respectively. The experimental values showed a good agreement with the predicted values with residual standard low 1% under optimum conditions. This optimized ultrasound-assisted method in natural eutectic solvents is effective and scalable to a green extraction of the bioactive pigments from Spirulina platensis with potential application to food, pharmaceutical, functional materials, and packaging.

Graphical Abstract
Preferred Reporting Items for Resistance Exercise Studies (PRIRES): A Checklist Developed Using an Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews
Authors: Lin Ting-Yu , Chueh Ting-Yu , Hung Tsung-Min
Published: December 2023

Background

The issues of replication and scientific transparency have been raised in exercise and sports science research. A potential means to address the replication crisis and enhance research reliability is to improve reporting quality and transparency. This study aims to formulate a reporting checklist as a supplement to the existing reporting guidelines, specifically for resistance exercise studies.

Methods

PubMed (which covers Medline) and Scopus (which covers Medline, EMBASE, Ei Compendex, World Textile Index, Fluidex, Geobase, Biobase, and most journals in Web of Science) were searched for systematic reviews that comprised the primary studies directly comparing different resistance training methods. Basic data on the selected reviews, including on authors, publication years, and objectives, were summarized. The reporting items for the checklist were identified based on the objective of the reviews. Additional items from an existing checklist, namely the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template, a National Strength and Conditioning Association handbook, and an article from the EQUATOR library were incorporated into the final reporting checklist.

Results

Our database search retrieved 3595 relevant records. After automatic duplicate removal, the titles and abstracts of the remaining 2254 records were screened. The full texts of 137 records were then reviewed, and 88 systematic reviews that met the criteria were included in the umbrella review.

Conclusion

Developed primarily by an umbrella review method, this checklist covers the research questions which have been systematically studied and is expected to improve the reporting completeness of future resistance exercise studies. The PRIRES checklist comprises 26 reporting items (39 subitems) that cover four major topics in resistance exercise intervention: 1) exercise selection, performance, and training parameters, 2) training program and progression, 3) exercise setting, and 4) planned vs actual training. The PRIRES checklist was designed specifically for reporting resistance exercise intervention. It is expected to be used with other reporting guidelines such as Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials and Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials. This article presents only the development process and resulting items of the checklist. An accompanying article detailing the rationale for, the importance of, and examples of each item is being prepared.

Registration

This study is registered with the EQUATOR Network under the title “Preferred Reporting Items for Resistance Exercise Studies (PRIRES).” PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021235259.
Exploring tempoyak, fermented durian paste, a traditional Indonesian indigenous fermented food: typical of Malay tribe
Authors: Anggadhania Lutfi , Setiarto R. Haryo Bimo , Yusuf Dandy , Anshory Lutfi , Royyani Mohammad Fathi
Published: December 2023

Tempoyak is a traditional Indonesian fermented durian paste that is popular among the Malay ethnic community. While tempoyak is a distinctive, culturally significant culinary item in multifarious Indonesian cuisine, it remains understudied compared to other fermented foods like kimchi. Further research is called for to understand tempoyak’s microbial structure, dynamics, and potential health advantages that include immunostimulants, antihypercholesterolemia, probiotic action, preservatives, and antibacterial. Researchers can also reveal significant information on the history, ethnicity, production, microbiological challenges, nutritional and functional qualities, and future possibilities of indigenous food, including tempoyak. This research aimed to explore and investigate tempoyak as an indigenous fermented food by integrating a systematic literary research and data from earlier investigations. Tempoyak is closely associated with Malay identity, regardless of the place they dwell. As an essential part of everyday life in Malay community in Indonesia, tempoyak is commonly served at traditional ceremonies, wedding festivities, or large-scale events. This cultural importance makes Indonesian tempoyak distinct from its Malaysian counterpart. Tempoyak is made by crushing durian flesh, adding salt into it, and letting the homogeneous mixture sit at room temperature in a covered container for 4–7 days. The microfloras present in tempoyak are varied but primarily Lactobacillus sp., notably Lactobacillus plantarum. Proximate analysis is a viable method to assess the nutritional composition of tempoyak. Variations in nutritional content may occur due to differences in durian types, salt composition, sterilization time, temperature, and fermentation duration. Potential avenues for further studies include the role of tempoyak in fostering sustainable food systems, other health advantages of ingesting tempoyak, and the creation of novel tempoyak-based products. These study directions will further enhance the discipline and contribute to the preservation and promotion of Malay culinary heritage.
Successful removal of an iatrogenic pleural foreign body—pigtail catheter, using a semi-rigid thoracoscope
Authors: Bajad Pradeep , Pahuja Sourabh , Khanna Arjun , Agarwal Satyam
Published: December 2023

Tube thoracostomy stands as the conventional treatment for pleural diseases. Nevertheless, pigtail catheters have gained traction due to their smaller size, potentially resulting in reduced complications. Despite the enhanced safety and ease of insertion associated with pigtail catheters, it is crucial to recognize that procedural complications can arise irrespective of the drainage method employed. Complications related to small-bore pigtail catheters encompass the possibilities of dislodgment, kinking, and, though rarely, breakage. Our case serves as a reminder for medical practitioners to select appropriately sized pleural tubes based on the specific pleural condition. In this instance, we present the utilization of a semi-rigid thoracoscope to extract a broken pigtail catheter from the pleural cavity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of removing a broken pleural catheter using semi-rigid medical thoracoscopy.
Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Patients With Solid Tumors With ATM Mutations: Results From the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry (TAPUR) Study
Authors: Rohatgi Nitin , Rothe Michael , Mangat Pam K. , Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Pisick Evan , Alese Olatunji B. , Reynolds Christopher M. , Thota Ramya , Vaccaro Gina M. , von Mehren Margaret , Arend Rebecca C. , Chiu Vi K. , Duvivier Herbert L. , Gold Philip J. , Hack Keely , Marr Alissa S. , Winer Arthur , Grantham Gina N. , Hinshaw Dominique C. , Gregory Abigail , Halabi Susan , Schilsky Richard L.
Published: December 2023

PURPOSE

The Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry Study is a phase II basket study evaluating the antitumor activity of commercially available targeted agents in patients with advanced cancers with genomic alterations known to be drug targets. Results of a cohort of patients with solid tumors with ATM mutations treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab are reported.

METHODS

Eligible patients had measurable disease (RECIST v.1.1), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-2, adequate organ function, and no standard treatment options. Primary end point was disease control (DC), defined as complete (CR) or partial (PR) response or stable disease (SD) of at least 16 weeks duration (SD16+). Low-accruing histology-specific cohorts with ATM mutations treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab were collapsed into a single histology-pooled cohort for this analysis. The results were evaluated based on a one-sided exact binomial test with a null DC rate of 15% versus 35% (power = .84; α = .10). Secondary end points were objective response (OR), progression-free survival, overall survival, duration of response, duration of SD, and safety.

RESULTS

Twenty-nine patients with 10 tumor types with ATM mutations were enrolled from January 2018 to May 2020. One patient was not evaluable for efficacy. One CR, three PR, and three SD16+ were observed for DC and OR rates of 24% ( P = .13; one-sided 90% CI: 14 to 100) and 14% (95% CI: 4 to 32), respectively. The null hypothesis of 15% DC rate was not rejected. Eleven patients had one treatment-related grade 3 adverse event (AE) or serious AE. There were two treatment-related patient deaths including immune-related encephalitis and respiratory failure.

CONCLUSION

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab did not meet prespecified criteria to declare a signal of activity in patients with solid tumors with ATM mutations.
Genetic Risk Scores Identify People at High Risk of Developing Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ali Aleena Shujaat , Pham Cecilia , Morahan Grant , Ekinci Elif Ilhan
Published: December 2023

Context

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Measures to prevent and treat DKD require better identification of patients most at risk. In this systematic review, we summarize the existing evidence of genetic risk scores (GRSs) and their utility for predicting DKD in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Evidence Acquisition

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Reviews in June 2022 to identify all existing and relevant literature. Main data items sought were study design, sample size, population, single nucleotide polymorphisms of interest, DKD-related outcomes, and relevant summary measures of result. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist was used to evaluate the methodological quality of studies.

Evidence Synthesis

We identified 400 citations of which 15 are included in this review. Overall, 7 studies had positive results, 5 had mixed results, and 3 had negative results. Most studies with the strongest methodological quality (n = 9) reported statistically significant and favourable findings of a GRS’s association with at least 1 measure of DKD.

Conclusion

This systematic review presents evidence of the utility of GRSs to identify people with diabetes that are at high risk of developing DKD. In practice, a robust GRS could be used at the first clinical encounter with a person living with diabetes in order to stratify their risk of complications. Further prospective research is needed.
On Horadam finite operator hybrid numbers
Authors: Yağmur Tülay
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we introduce and study a new hybrid number sequence with Horadam numbers and a finite operator, called Horadam finite operator hybrid numbers. We derive recurrence relation, Binet-like formula, ordinary generating function, exponential generating function, Poisson generating function, and summation formula for Horadam finite operator hybrid numbers. Moreover, we give matrix representation and Cassini's identities for these numbers.
Osculating mate of a Frenet curve in the Euclidean 3-space
Authors: Alkan Akın , Önder Mehmet
Published: December 2023

A new kind of partner curves called osculating mate of a Frenet curve is introduced. Some characterizations for osculating mate are obtained and using the obtained results some special curves such as slant helix, spherical helix, C-slant helix and rectifying curve are constructed.
Examination of generalized Tribonacci dual quaternions
Authors: İŞBİLİR Zehra , Gürses Nurten
Published: December 2023

This manuscript deals with introducing and discussing of a new type dual quaternions which are named generalized Tribonacci dual quaternions (GTDQ, for short). For this purpose, several new properties, such as Binet formula, generating function, exponential generating function, matrix formula, and determinant equations, are established. In addition to these, some numerical algorithms are constructed. In the last part, some special cases of the family of the GTDQ are examined regarding r, s, t values and initial values considering concluded results.
Character amenability of vector-valued algebras
Authors: Robbns David , Hill Terje
Published: December 2023

Let {Ax : x ∈ X} be a collection of complex Banach algebras  indexed by the compact Hausdorff space X. We investigate the character amenability of certain algebras of Ax-valued functions in relation to the character amenability of the Ax.
Velben y la posmodernidad.
Authors: Miranda Antonio
Published: December 2023

Después de más de cien años de la publicación de la Teoría de la clase ociosa de Velben, el autor vuelve a suscitar algunos de sus principios por su oportunidad interpretativa en nuestra actualidad histórica y cultural, pero sobre todo en el campo de la arquitectura y la ciudad.