bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Interaction of Perceived Subjectivity and Pay Transparency on Professional Judgment in a Profit Pool Setting: The Case of Large Law Firms
Authors: Kelly Khim , Dinovitzer Ronit , Gunz Hugh , Gunz Sally P
Published: October 2019

This paper examines how the interaction of perceived subjectivity and pay transparency in profit allocation is associated with an important aspect of law partners' professional judgment, namely their tendency to accede to the wishes of their client and fellow partner (labeled hereafter as partner accedence). Based on interviews with 56 corporate law partners working in large Canadian law firms, we find higher partner accedence in a less subjective system than in a more subjective system, but only under no pay transparency. We find that pay transparency (versus no transparency) is associated with increased accedence in a more subjective system, but it is marginally associated with decreased accedence in a less subjective system. In an experiment where we randomly assign MTurk participants to conditions, we replicate the finding that pay transparency (versus no transparency) has a more positive effect on partner accedence as subjectivity level increases.

Data Availability: Lawyers participated in the study upon which this paper is based only after signing agreements that strict confidentiality of all data would be maintained by the researchers. As such, we are bound by these confidentiality agreements with individual lawyers interviewed for the study. Experiment data from Amazon Mechanical Turk are available from the authors.

JEL Classifications: M12; M40; M52.
Information Technology Internal Control Items for the Post-Implementation Phase of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems
Authors: Li Hsing-Jung , Chang She-I , Wang Tawei , Chang Li-Min
Published: October 2019

Our understanding of relevant internal controls at the post-implementation phase remains limited in spite of general guidance from professional frameworks or standards. In this study, based on the COBIT 5 framework, we reviewed 56 studies from relevant academic journals from 1998 to 2014 to form an initial list of information technology (IT) internal control items for the post-implementation phase of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. An expert survey was conducted to validate the list, and 45 control items were ranked using the Delphi method. The proposed items may assist companies and auditors in focusing on essential internal control issues during the ERP system post-implementation phase.
The Impact of Self-Efficacy on Accountants' Behavioral Intention to Adopt and Use Accounting Information Systems
Authors: Alamin Adel A. , Wilkin Carla L. , Yeoh William , Warren Matthew
Published: October 2019

Digitalization increasingly affects the accounting profession as it engages with pervasive technologically enabled systems that support business processes and financial management. Given these systems commonly result in less than voluntary use, mandating compliance is challenging. In this context, it is important to understand the attitudes of prospective users, as their negativity may waste resources through ambivalence, frustration, and under-use. Our study of Libyan accountants shows that in adopting a mandated technologically enabled accounting information system, they were influenced by a range of perceptional, dispositional, and environmental factors. By combining components of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology with institutional theory, results show that 63.4 percent of the variance regarding behavioral intention is attributable to self-efficacy, effort expectancy, coercive, and mimetic pressures. Our findings confirming the significance of self- efficacy and disconfirming experience support calls to consider the influence of self-efficacy upon the use of restrictive decision aids.
Plan estratégico para la empresa constructora en obras civiles
Authors: Rodríguez-Acasio Freddy José
Published: October 2019

La investigación es de tipo descriptiva con la finalidad de analizar los dispositivos internos de la empresa Orgar Corporación C.A, para señalar los rendimientos, posiciones y capacidad de adaptación de la organización, donde se tome en cuenta una planificación estratégica. Se  tiene que de 13 ítems, 7 se encuentran en la categoría preparada, 4 en la categoría en peligro, 2 en la categoría indefensa, lo cual permite concluir que la empresa se encuentra en condiciones regulares de funcionamiento interno, siendo necesario incrementar la gestión organizacional, mediante un plan estratégico que permita direccionar estratégicamente a la empresa hacia la consolidación exitosa, de lo contrario corre el riesgo de incrementar su vulnerabilidad a pérdidas de recursos, impidiendo prestar un mejor servicio al cliente interno – externo de la organización, lo cual iría en detrimento de la misma.
Método 360° feedback como instrumento de evaluación del talento humano
Authors: Rodríguez-Partidas Nicolás
Published: October 2019

La investigación se fundamentó en determinar el efecto de un programa formativo basado en el método 360° feedback como instrumento de evaluación del talento humano de la empresa agregados asfaltico del pacifico. Se tiene que para el grupo experimental (G1), existe significancia ,162 mientras que para el grupo control (G2), se mantuvo en ,000 lo cual implica diferencias entre ambos grupos, generándose la aceptación de la hipótesis afirmativa, lo que implica que el tratamiento aplicado fue eficaz. Se rechaza H0 y se acepta H1, lo que indica que el tratamiento aplicado resultó favorable a la muestra objeto de estudio. Los resultados se pueden extrapolar a otras empresas con la finalidad de articular el uso de un método en donde todas las personas tienen la oportunidad de crecer en la medida que se generan condiciones para optimizar los servicios que prestan al cliente externo.
Modelo de gestión gerencial basado en el modelo racional para la toma de decisiones
Authors: Aldana-Zavala Julio Juvenal
Published: October 2019

La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva, apoyada en la modalidad de proyecto factible, lo cual permitió en primer lugar las debilidades y fortalezas en relación al modelo gerencial aplicado en la organización de estudio, para luego diseñar el modelo para cumplir con el objetivo de la investigación el cual fue diseñar un Modelo de Gestión Gerencial para el Personal de la Fundación de Teatros del Estado Falcón (Fundateatros) basado en el modelo racional para la toma de decisiones. Se evidencia que existe un proceso de toma de decisiones que tiene mayor énfasis en la incertidumbre, por cuanto se toman decisiones sin tener una planificación establecida o no se cumplen el monitoreo o control para evaluar la incidencia que tales decisiones tienen en la organización.
Indicadores para valorar la imagen pública externa del sector eléctrico en Esmeraldas
Authors: Montaño-Mina Maritza Elena
Published: October 2019

Este artículo, siguió como objetivo estudiar los indicadores para valorar la imagen pública externa del sector eléctrico en Esmeraldas. Subraya una metodología con una orientación cuantitativa y descriptiva.  La población fue de 220 usuarios del servicio eléctrico de Esmeraldas, se logró una muestra de 180 sujetos. El instrumento fue un cuestionario estructurado con una escala de 5 alternativas lickerd y como técnica la encuesta, administrada individualmente a los usuarios. En sus resultados se pudo apreciar que el 50% de los investigados están en desacuerdo entre lo dicen que hace la empresa y el servicio real que prestan y dentro de sus conclusiones se develo que están en desacuerdo con una correcta imagen pública externa de la empresa eléctrica.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN SCIENTIFIC DENGAN METODE INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA
Authors: Dewi Cok Istri Agung Arista
Published: October 2019

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan peningkatan minat dan hasil belajar IPA siswa, implementasi  melalui pendekatan scientific dengan metode inkuiri dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran IPA. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIIIA5 SMP Negeri 1 Singgaraja sebanyak 28 orang yang dilaksanakan pada semester Genap tahun pelajaran 2014/2015. Data dikumpulkan dengan tes berbentuk   objektif untuk mengukur aspek kognitif siswa, lembar observasi untuk sikap dan keterampilan siswa,  kuisioner untuk minat  dan tanggapan siswa terhadap metode pembelajaran yang diterapkan. Data  dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) implementasi pendekatan scientific dengan metode inkuiri dalam pembelajaran IPA dapat meningkatkan minat siswa terhadap pelajaran IPA. Hal ini dapat ditunjukkan dari adanya peningkatan skor minat siswa pada siklus I sebesar 72 (kualifikasi tinggi) dan siklus II sebesar 82,45 (kualifikasi sangat tinggi), (2) implementasi pendekatan scientific dengan metode inkuiri dalam pembelajaran IPA dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, baik pada aspek kognitif, sikap, keterampilan dan  hasil tes kognitif  telah melampau KKM ( nilai KKM ≥ 78). Peningkatan keterampilan proses sains siswa setelah mengikuti pelajaran IPA dengan metode inkuiri dapat dilihat dari adanya peningkatan sebesar 10,53% (dari 17 pada siklus I menjadi 19 pada siklus II), (3) Respon siswa terhadap implementasi pendekatan scientific dengan metode inkuiri dengan nilai rata-rata 63,93 termasuk kategori sangat positif. Oleh karena itu, seyogyanya guru IPA di SMP dapat mengimplementasikan pendekatan scientific dengan metode inkuiri sebagai alternatif pembelajaran IPA, untuk meningkatkan minat dan hasil belajar
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Martini Ni Putu Sri Ayu
Published: October 2019

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA peserta didik kelas VII-C SMP Negeri 1 Banjar semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus dengan tahapan pelaksanaan sebagai berikut; (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) observasi dan penilaian, dan (4) refleksi.Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VII-C SMP Negeri 1 Banjar semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 berjumlah tiga puluh dua orang terdiri dari enam belas laki-laki dan enam belas perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data hasil belajar pada aspek pengetahuan adalah tes hasil belajar dan pada aspek keterampilan menggunakan lembar penilaian unjuk kerja. Data hasil penelitian berupa hasil belajar dianalisis secara kualitatif dan dinarasikan secara deskriptif. Hasil analisis data penelitian siklus-1 untuk aspek pengetahuan yaitu: nilai terendah 44,00 dan nilai tertinggi 84,00, dan rata-rata kelas 67,63, peserta didik yang tuntas 68,75% dan yang tidak tuntas 31,25%. Untuk aspek keterampilan yaitu : nilai terendah 41,67 dan nilai tertinggi 83,33, dan rata-rata kelas 64,58, peserta didik yang tuntas 62,50% dan yang tidak tuntas 37,50%. Hasil analisis data penelitian siklus-2 untuk aspek pengetahuan yaitu: nilai terendah 52,00 dan nilai tertinggi 92,00, dan rata-rata kelas 69,63, peserta didik yang tuntas 90,62% dan yang tidak tuntas 9,38%. Untuk aspek keterampilan yaitu: nilai terendah 50,00 dan nilai tertinggi 91,67, dan rata-rata kelas 69,73, peserta didik yang tuntas 87,50% dan yang tidak tuntas 12,50%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data tersebut disimpulkan bahwa, penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA peserta didik kelas VII-C SMP Negri 1 Banjar semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL LATIHAN FLEKSIBILITAS TINGKAT LANJUT DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENCAK SILAT
Authors: Halbatullah Kholil , Astra I.K Budaya , Suwiwa I.G
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model latihan fleksibilitas tingkat lanjut dalam pembelajaran pencak silat.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Prosedur pengembangan bahan ajar menggunakan model Borg ang Gall meliputi 10 tahap yaitu: (1) penelitian dan pengumpulan informasi, (2) perencanaan, (3) Mengembangkan bentuk pendahuluan produk, (4) uji lapangan persiapan, dan (5) revisi produk utama, (6) uji lapangan utama, (7) pelaksanaan revisi produk, (8) uji lapangan oprasional, (9) revisi produk akhir, (10) penyebaran dan pengimplementasian. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuisioner.Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validasi bahan ajar ditinjau dari aspek isi adalah sangat baik dengan persentase 100%.Ahli mata pelajaran dengan persentasi 100%.Validitas menurut para siswa terhadap model latihan fleksibilitas tingkat lanjut dalam pembelajaran pencak silat yang dikembangkan adalah (1).uji lapangan persiapan, (2) uji lapangan utama, (3)  dan uji lapangan oprasional memperoleh presentase masing-masing sebesar 96,7%, 98,6% dan 98,7% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik dan tidak ada revisi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan model latihan fleksibilitas tingkat lanjut dalam pembelajaran pencak silat layak digunakan menurut uji ahli, uji coba lapangan persiapan, uji lapangan utama dan uji coba operasional.Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dieksperimenkan untuk mengetahui keefektifannya dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar dan prestasi.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA KELAS V SD
Authors: Tegeh I Made , Pratiwi Ni Luh Ariesti
Published: October 2019

Hasil belajar dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, dua diantaranya adalah motivasi dan keaktifan belajar. Kurangnya motivasi dan keaktifan siswa dalam mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran mempengaruhi hasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi belajar dengan  hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Gugus XII Kecamatan Buleleng, 2) hubungan yang signifikan antara keaktifan belajar dengan  hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Gugus XII Kecamatan Buleleng, 3) hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi belajar dan keaktifan belajar dengan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Gugus XII Kecamatan Buleleng. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian ex post facto yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan untuk meneliti peristiwa yang telah terjadi dan bersifat korelatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V di SD yang terdapat pada Gugus XII Kecamatan Buleleng tahun ajaran 2018/2019 dengan sample 150 siswa. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode non-tes, data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, 1) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi dengan hasil belajar IPA diperoleh  koefisien korelasi R sebesar 0,768 dan sumbangan variabel kontribusi sebesar 59,1%, 2) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara keaktifan dengan hasil belajar IPA diperoleh koefisien korelasi R sebesar 0,658 dan sumbangan variabel kontribusi sebesar 43,3%, 3) secara bersama-sama terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi dan keaktifan dengan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Gugus XII Kecamatan Buleleng  diperoleh koefisien korelasi R sebesar 0,849 dan sumbangan variabel kontribusi sebesar 72,1%.
Agroquímicos y presencia de aflatoxinas en maíz de temporal almacenado: riesgos para la seguridad alimentaria en el estado de Tlaxcala, México
Authors: García Juárez Guillermina , Hernández Vázquez Maricela , Orozco Bolaños Hermila , Suárez González Gerardo
Published: October 2019

La producción de maíz se ve afectada por diversas variables climáticas (sequía, exceso de lluvia, etc.), así como por diferentes microorganismos (como el Aspergillus, generador de las aflatoxinas), los cuales suelen ser combatidos a través de ciertos agroquímicos que, de forma colateral, también pueden afectar el ambiente y la salud de las personas. Por esta razón, el objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer una relación entre la variabilidad climática, el uso de agroquímicos y la presencia de aflatoxinas en sistemas de almacenamiento de maíz, factores que en el estado de Tlaxcala no han sido analizados previamente. Esta investigación, de tipo transversal-analítica, fue desarrollada en el periodo de mayo-diciembre de 2018. Los municipios seleccionados fueron incluidos según los siguientes criterios: 1) número de productores de maíz de temporal, 2) producción de maíz en toneladas y 3) producción de maíz promedio en el periodo 2001-2017. Los datos se obtuvieron del Sistema de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera (SIAP). La técnica empleada fue la encuesta, mientras que el muestreo usado fue de tipo incidental. El análisis estadístico de los factores de riesgo se realizó bajo los criterios para variables cualitativas con la prueba de Rho Spearman, en el programa SPSS, versión 21. Los resultados demuestran que 49 % de los agricultores tienen entre 61 y 68 años de edad y que, en promedio, 91 % de los productores usa algún tipo de agroquímico. Asimismo, y a pesar de que 77 % siembra más de 2 ha, solo 47 % cosecha en promedio 2 ton en total. Igualmente, 91 % del maíz es para consumo familiar; 64 % de los agricultores almacena en granero o bodega de tipo abierto, aunque las condiciones de saneamiento son deficientes en 75 % de los casos. En general, la producción de maíz tiene riesgos en la inocuidad por el uso de plaguicidas y fertilizantes químicos, así como deficientes condiciones en los sistemas de almacén. De hecho, 100 % de las muestras de maíz resultaron contaminadas con aflatoxinas, aunque dentro de los niveles permisibles por la NOM-187-SSA1/SCFI-2002. La aplicación de agroquímicos mostró asociación estadística significativa con la producción de maíz de temporal, excepto en Tlaxco. La presencia de aflatoxinas es una constante en todos los municipios, por lo que no existe inocuidad en el maíz almacenado. Estos factores representan riesgos para la seguridad alimentaria en los principios de accesibilidad-abasto e inocuidad.
Learning Vector Quantization 3 (LVQ3) and Spatial Fuzzy C-Means (SFCM) for Beef and Pork Image Classification
Authors: Jasril Jasril , Sanjaya Suwanto
Published: October 2019

Base on some cases in Indonesia, meat sellers often mix beef and pork. Indonesia is a predominantly Muslim country. Pork is forbidden in Islam. In this research, the classification of beef and pork image was performed. Spatial Fuzzy C-Means is used for image segmentation. GLCM and HSV are used as a feature of segmentation results. LVQ3 is used as a method of classification. LVQ3 parameters tested were the variety of learning rate values and window values. The learning rate values used is 0.0001; 0.01; 0.1; 0.4; 0.7; 0.9 and the window values used is 0.0001; 0.4; 0.7. The training data used is 90% of the total data, and the testing data used is 10%. Maximum epoch used is 1000 iterations. Based on the test results, the highest accuracy was 91.67%.
Implementation of C4.5 Algorithm for Critical Land Prediction in Agricultural Cultivation Areas in Pemali Jratun Watershed
Authors: Istiawan Deden , Khikmah Laelatul
Published: October 2019

Watershed is a complex system that is built on physical systems, biological systems and human systems that are related to each other. Each component has a distinctive nature and its existence is related to other components so as to form a unified ecosystem. Land use that does not pay attention to the conservation requirements of land and water causes land degradation which ultimately results in critical land. The impact of critical land is not only the withdrawal of soil properties, but also results in a decrease in production functions. Prediction of the critical level of land is needed to reduce the level of damage to the watershed, so that it can be used for policy making by the relevant agencies. In this research C4.5 algorithm will be applied to predictions of critical land in agricultural cultivation areas using critical land parameters. Based on the results of the research on critical land classification of agricultural cultivation areas in the jratun pemali watershed it can be concluded that the C.45 algorithm can be implemented to predict critical land in agricultural cultivation areas with an accuracy rate of 92.47%.
Implementation of AD8232 ECG Signal Classification Using Peak Detection Method For Determining RST Point
Authors: Manullang Martin Clinton Tosima , Simanjuntak Jonathan , Ramdani Ahmad Luky
Published: October 2019

The medical world, especially those related to diseases and management of the heart uses ECG as a measurement tool. ECG has important points determined based on predetermined characteristics. The point is PQRST, where three of them are used as research objects in this paper. AD8232 is used as a research medium where the RST points must be determined in the AD8232 plot results by first determining the R points based on the highest peak. The results obtained were satisfactory wherein from 10 ECG graphic samples, 9 of them obtained RST point measurements which tended to be similar to conventional ECG measurements using millimeter paper as plotting media. Accuracy values reaching more than 90% indicate the reliability of the implementation results.
Naša iskustva u provođenju programa kontrole kvalitete uređaja za kompjutoriziranu tomografiju – multidisciplinarni pristup
Authors: Nedeljko Katrin , Višković Klaudija , Šegota Doris , Diklić Ana , Jurković Slaven , Jahaj Ardita , Paragi Martina
Published: October 2019

Prema članku 33. Zakona o radiološkoj i nuklearnoj sigurnosti (NN 141/13, 39/15, 130/17, 118/18) te člancima 14., 15. i 16. Pravilnika o uvjetima i mjerama zaštite od ionizirajućeg zračenja za obavljanje djelatnosti s izvorima ionizirajućeg zračenja (NN 53/18), radiološki odjeli u Hrvatskoj koji provode dijagnostičke i intervencijske postupke u medicini upotrebom ionizirajućeg zračenja, obvezni su provoditi program osiguranja i kontrole kvalitete električnih uređaja koji proizvode ionizirajuće zračenje. Parametri koji moraju biti mjereni definirani su u Prilozima 3. do 12. koji su sastavni dio Pravilnika o uvjetima i mjerama zaštite od ionizirajućeg zračenja za obavljanje djelatnosti s izvorima ionizirajućeg zračenja (NN 53/18). U Klinici za infektivne bolesti „Dr. Fran Mihaljević” u Zagrebu dnevne testove provode radiološki tehnolozi, dok složenije procedure mjesečno i godišnje provode medicinski fizičari. Tijekom provođenja testova kontrole kvalitete, upotrebljava se različita oprema za evaluaciju parametara uređaja. U slučaju odstupanja od preporučenih rezultata, moraju se poduzeti korektivne mjere kako bi se ispravila odstupanja. Sve procedure moraju biti pohranjene, a izvješća upućena kompetentnim osobama i institucijama. Cilj je ovog rada prikazati multidisciplinarni pristup u provođenju programa kontrole kvalitete uređaja za kompjutoriziranu tomografiju u Klinici za infektivne bolesti „Dr. Fran Mihaljević” u Zagrebu od ožujka do rujna 2018. godine. Multidisciplinarni tim sastojao se od radioloških tehnologa i radiologa iz Klinike za infektivne bolesti „Dr. Fran Mihaljević” u Zagrebu, studenata radiološke tehnologije Zdravstvenog veleučilišta u Zagrebu i medicinskih fizičara iz Kliničkog bolničkog centra u Rijeci. Fizičari savjetuju radiološke tehnologe o tehničkim poboljšanjima kako bi postigli najbolje rezultate u provođenju svakodnevnih procedura kontrole kvalitete. Svi testirani parametri bili su u granicama prihvatljivosti, osim detekcije prstenastih artefakata. Da bi se otklonili prstenasti artefakti, pročelnica Zavoda za radiologiju i ultrazvuk Klinike i glavni radiološki tehnolog stupili su u kontakt s ovlaštenim servisom za održavanje uređaja. Servisni inženjeri proveli su kalibraciju detektora (s odgovarajućim fantomom) za točnost CT brojeva i uklanjanje prstenastih artefakata na snimkama.
Serialization and Verification of Medicinal Products – A Pilot Study Among Pharmacists in Bulgaria
Authors: Nedelkov N. , Yordanov E. , Hristov E. , Petkova V. , Ognianov S. , Andreevska K. , Delyiski Tz. , Parvova I.
Published: October 2019

Background. In an attempt to stop the distribution of falsified medicinal products, the EU has adopted Directive 2011/62/EU. Since 9th February 2019, each package of medicinal product must be given a unique number in combination with a mandatory indicator of integrity. The Directive requires the creation of a system of serialization and verification of the medicinal products.

Aim of the study: To determine the level of awareness about the serialization and verification system among masters of pharmacy and the preparedness of Bulgarian pharmacies to meet the new challenges.

Materials and methods: A pilot survey was conducted in 25 pharmacies in Sofia. 41 specialists in pharmacy holding a master degree were interviewed using the “direct individual survey” method.

Results and discussion: The knowledge about the availability of new regulatory requirements is in serious dissonance with the established high level of non-awareness of the forthcoming initiatives. Over 2/3 (78%) of the respondents do not know what the practical challenges to their pharmacy practices will be.
Access to Ethics Committees in Bulgaria – Possibility or Probability
Authors: Gradinarova N.
Published: October 2019

The study of the legal framework regulating the activities of the Ethics Committees in the Member States of the European Union outlines several key factors forming the basis of the activity of the Ethics Committees. Compliance with the ethical principles of behaviour by physicians, patients, patients relatives, patient organizations and by the society as a whole requires professionals dealing with medical ethics and law to form, defend and bring to the knowledge and implementation an ethical code of behaviour of all participants in clinical trials as well as in the provision of medical services in general. The modern legal framework in Bulgaria, regulating the nature, functions and powers of the ethics committees, is complex and multi-layered, including both constitutional law and a number of acts at the law and bylaw level. Ethical committees set up in medical establishments aim to help physicians and other medical and non-medical specialists in the hospital, patients and their families coping with the ethical and legal dilemmas they face in everyday life. The results of a survey conducted among 149 medical specialists and 269 patients working and being treated in three different medical establishments in the country show that there is a low level of awareness of the types of ethical committees and their functions. 51% of the questioned medical specialists and 62.5% of the questioned patients replied that they were not aware when issues could be referred to the ethics committees in the country. The analysis of the regulation of the activities of ethics committees in the healthcare systems within the EU and in the health system in Bulgaria shows that there is a need to optimize the activity of the ethics committees operating on the territory of the country.
Serum Oxidative Stress Markers are not Associated with Renal and Common Carotid Arteries Arteriosclerotic Vascular Changes in Patients with Gout
Authors: Gancheva R. , Kundurdjiev A. , Nikolova G. , Ivanova M. , Kundurdjiev T. , Kolarov Z. , Gadjeva V.
Published: October 2019

Objective: To establish the association between serum levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) products, nitric oxide (NO) radicals and ascorbate radicals with renal resistive index (RRI), common carotid artery resistive index (CCARI) and intima-media thickness (IMT) in gout patients, and to find out whether the connection is more pronounced when tophi are present.

Methods: A cross-sectional study including 71 consecutive gout patients, divided into two groups according to the presence of subcutaneous tophi. Serum concentrations of ROS products, NO radicals and ascorbate radicals were determined by ex vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) study. RRI was measured in both kidneys at the level of interlobar arteries with 3.5 MHz transducer. By applying ultrasound of the common carotid arteries, conducted with 10 MHz linear transducer CCARI and IMT were measured.

Results: Gouty arthritis without tophi and gouty tophi subjects were age-matched. Serum uric acid and distribution of conventional cardiovascular risk factors was equal in the groups. However, in tophi patients CRP and the number of individuals who had suffered a cardiovascular event were higher. In the two stages of the disease serum levels of ROS products, NO radicals, ascorbate radicals, as well as RRI and CCARI were comparable but intima-media was thicker in gouty tophi. Serum concentrations of ROS products, NO radicals and ascorbate radicals did not correlate with RRI, CCARI and IMT. Among untreated and treated with Allopurinol or Febuxostat patients the means of ROS products, NO radicals, ascorbate radicals, RRI, CCARI and IMT were similar.

Conclusions: In the earlier and advanced stage of the disease we found no difference in oxidative stress level but the degree of inflammation was higher in tophi subjects. No connection was established between serum ROS products, NO radicals and ascorbate radicals with renal and carotid arteries arteriosclerotic vascular changes. We suggest that in gout individuals intrinsic inflammation has a leading role in the process of atherogenesis.
Solar Energy Industry as a Part of the Romanian Renewable Energy Industry: A Multi-level Territorial Approach
Authors: Mocanu Irena , Dumitrascu Monica , Mitrica Bianca , Grigorescu Ines , Şerban Paul-Răzvan , Dumitrica Cristina
Published: October 2019

The green economy emerges differently depending on each region particular features, as well as local economic strengths and weaknesses; solar energy however, represents the way regional and local natural potentials are valorized. The current paper brings to our attention aspects related to the economic and legislative factors influencing the use and territorial distribution of solar energy, as a component of the Romanian renewable energy industry at all territorial levels: the national characteristics of the use of renewable energy resources are highlighted through the analysis of dynamics of official statistical variables (National Institute of Statistics); at regional and county levels, the analysis highlights the territorial differences in the use of solar energy; analysis at local level reveals the environmental and socio-economic effects of the of solar energy use (i.e. photovoltaic parks), as indicated by the information provided by a questionnaire survey carry out in Giurgiu County (case study).
Economic Evaluation of Maize Intercropped with Some Major Food Crops in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Egbetokun O.A. , Ajijola S. , Awolola O.A. , Awoyemi D.O.
Published: October 2019

In Nigeria, the traditional farmer finds it more satisfactory to plant a diversity of crops than planting sole. It is cheaper for farmers to grow many crops of their own requirements than to buy them. Hence, intercrop has remained the traditional farming practice in many other developing nations. Maize is a major cereal crop grown by all farming households all over Nigeria in combination with other crops. There are many studies on intercropping of maize with other food crops in Nigeria; however, many of these studies do not bother to look into the economics of intercrop. Therefore, this study examines the economic profitability of maize intercropped with major food crops in Southwestern Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed in the study. A total of 138 questionnaire were used for analysis. Information was collected on socio-economic characteristics of the farming households, cropping systems, cost of labour input, cost of seeds, fertilizer and chemicals; yield and price of output. Data analysis involved the use of descriptive analysis, which includes frequency distribution, mean and percentages. Also, benefit-cost ratio and net farm income analyses were employed. The results showed that the average farm size was 1.5 ha, 75% of the farmers intercropped maize with other crops and six varieties of maize were planted in the study area. Among all the crop combinations, sole maize has the least cost, while maize intercropped with cassava and yam has the highest cost. Benefit-cost analysis showed that for every N 1 spent in maize intercropped with cassava and yam, N 1.26 would be realized as profit. It is therefore, recommended that for optimal use of resources and crop combinations, both public and private extension workers should advice farmers on this finding and the most profitable crop combinations.
Comparison between bone alkaline phosphatase immunoassay and electrophoresis technique in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Milinković Neda , Matutinović Marija Sarić , Pejanović Svetlana , Ignjatović Svetlana
Published: October 2019

Background

Problem of the variability between the different methods using for bone alkaline phosphatase (bALP) determination greately influences the clinical significance of bALP as direct marker of bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to compare immunoassay with electrophoresis technique for bALP determination.

Methods

We measured bALP in 71 patients on hemodialysis with agar gel electrophoresis (ISO-PAL, SEBIA) and immunoassay (OSTASE, Beckman Coulter).

Results

The analyzed methods showed significant correlation (Spearman’s rho: 0.776, P < 0.01), but we found statistically significant (P < 0.01) positive bias (27%) for the results measured by immunoassay. In support of this, using electrophoresis technique we have detected presence of the intestinal isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase in 55% of patients with median value of 30% of the total alkaline phoshatase and presence of liver-2 alkaline phosphatase isoform in 42% of patients with median value of 16.6%. The Kendall’s W of 0.787 (P<0.0001) revealed significant concordance between two analysed methods. Cusum test showed no significant deviation from linearity (P=0.850).

Conclusions

Despite good agreement between immunoassay methods and electrophoresis technique for bALP determination, interchangeability between these two methods is questionable. Although immunoassays are increasingly used, as fully automated methods, in a large number of laboratories and become routine methods for bALP determination, it should be beared in mind, besides various interferences, also the heterogeneity of the bALP itself, especially in patients on hemodialysis.
Endangered European Municipalities: A Systematic Outline of the Problem and Its Political Impact
Authors: Hornek Jakub
Published: October 2019

Drawing on the experiences of Czech municipalities that cannot perform their local government role due to grave indebtedness, this article seeks to identify other European countries where municipalities may be facing existential problems. It can be assumed that grave indebtedness is not the only potential threat to communities in Europe. One aim of this study is, thus, to identify other possible threats to municipalities and provide specific examples. My goal, among other things, is to start a scholarly discussion about endangered municipalities and bring this phenomenon into the realm of political science. My methodology uses qualitative research and content analysis to identify potential threats that could in extreme cases wipe out European municipalities. To obtain data about specific endangered municipalities in Europe, I rely on snowball sampling, a method used by researchers to identify potential subjects who may be hard to locate. My findings identify five potential threats to European municipalities, which I divide into two groups: common and less common. I highlight the locations of endangered municipalities and those where problems are pending as well as the groups of municipalities in the greatest peril from individual threats. I also highlight potential political impacts. My approach uses empirical case studies to model possible scenarios. Based on this analysis and the experiences of specific endangered municipalities, I outline six general forms of endangerment and eight different courses of municipal endangerment.
It’s Getting Personal: Personalisation of political campaigns in four Prague districts during the 2018 Czech Senate elections
Authors: Brunnerová Olga
Published: October 2019

In October 2018 Senate elections were held in the Czech Republic. In the capital city of Prague, 41 candidates – both party members and independents – contested for the votes of the electorate of four districts. The goal of this article is to analyse the electoral campaigns which were conducted within these four districts in the online sphere of the social media site Facebook. Through complementary quantitative and qualitative methods, this text focuses its attention on the communication of the candidates themselves, but also on the reactions of the electorate in the environment of social media. Employing qualitative content analysis of the topics addressed by the candidates, sentiment analysis of user commentaries and quantitative analysis of posting frequency and followership, this article examines whether the candidates who led an active personalised campaign were more successful than the candidates who communicated with the public only sporadically and with less personalisation. The aim is to explore how the campaigns of successful candidates were conducted and to accentuate that social media is becoming more important in the campaigns of individual candidates, but that they are not a panacea for non-partisan candidates without an established supporter base and financial resources.
The Discussion of Possible Savings based on the Efficiency Argument in the Smallest Municipalities? The Case Study of the Vysočina Region
Authors: Burešová Barbora , Balík Stanislav
Published: October 2019

The unique municipality structure in the Czech Republic is one of the most interesting research topics in the Czech political space. The large number of municipalities with less than 1,000 or less than 500 inhabitants causes differences between Czech municipalities. There are differences in economic factors, differences in the development of municipalities, among other. All of these differences are discussed by experts, researchers and politicians in term of the efficiency of the smallest municipalities. The term ‘efficiency’ is used as the benchmark for a successful or an unsuccessful government. This research evaluates the argument of efficiency presented by Deborah Stone (2002). This argument was applied to the case of Kraj Vysočina, one of the regions with the largest number of the smallest municipalities in the Czech Republic. We analysed the selected argument of efficiency – economies of scale. Based on our quantitative analysis we have confirmed that evaluating municipalities through the prism of the economies of scale argument is not a good measurement of the efficiency of municipal government. The argument of efficiency is more complex and we cannot view it only in economics terms.
Keselarasan anggaran dan kinerja manajerial: Peran mediasi keadilan anggaran
Authors: Kartasari Shelly Febriana , Tjahjadi Bambang , Narsa I Made
Published: October 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji peran mediasi keadilan anggaran pada hubungan keselarasan anggaran terhadap kinerja manajerial. Penelitian ini mengolah data primer yang diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada manajer unit bisnis perusahaan manufaktur di Propinsi Jawa Timur. Sampel penelitian dipilih menggunakan rumus Slovin pada tingkat kepercayaan 5 persen. Sampel yang dianalisis sebanyak 616 kuesioner. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Modeling dengan pendekatan Partial Least Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keadilan prosedural dan keadilan distributif memediasi pengaruh keselarasan anggaran terhadap kinerja manajerial.
Nilai-nilai etika berbasis kearifan lokal dan perilaku kepatuhan perpajakan
Authors: Yasa I Nyoman Putra , Prayudi Made Aristia
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji peran Tri Kaya Parisudha sebagai perwujudan aspek etika berbasis kearifan lokal dalam mempengaruhi perilaku kepatuhan perpajakan wajib pajak di wilayah Provinsi Bali dalam kerangka Teori Perilaku Terencana (Theory of Planned Behavior). Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada wajib pajak orang pribadi pada 8 (delapan) wilayah kantor pelayanan pajak (KPP) se-Provinsi Bali. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan metode statistik berbasis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa norma subjektif berpengaruh terhadap niat berperilaku patuh, pengendali perilaku kepatuhan perpajakan persepsian dan niat berperilaku patuh berpengaruh terhadap perilaku kepatuhan wajib pajak dan nilai Tri Kaya Parisudha berpengaruh terhadap niat berperilaku patuh.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBASIS LITERASI SAINS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA
Authors: Umamah Chairatul , Norhasan Norhasan , Rofi’ah Jamilatur
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada mata pelajaran fisika dengan implementasi model problem based learning (PBL) berbasis literasi sains. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas, dimana setiap siklus terdiri dari 4 tahapan Diantaranya: perencanaan, tindakan, obeservasi dan refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MAN 1 Pamekasan dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas X IPA-2 yang berjumlah 32 siswa terdiri atas 12 siswa laki-laki dan 20 siswa perempuan. Hasil tes berdasarkan lima indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada saat pra-siklus menunjukkan bahwa presentase keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa sebesar 51.09% dengan kategori sangat rendah. Berdasarkan hasil tes, keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada siklus I adalah 74.22%   dengan kategori sedang, meningkat menjadi 87.34% dengan kategori tinggi pada siklus II atau meningkat sebesar 13.12%. dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi model problem based learning berbasis literasi sains dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa.
Hakikat Belajar dalam Istilah Ta'allama, Darasa, Thalaba, Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Harahap Musaddad
Published: October 2019

The current development of educational science has created many learning concepts. Some of Muslims has been ignored about these findings. One side deserves appreciation at the same time, but on the other side Muslims must directing their attention to study the concept of learning process in Islam itself. With the Literature Study or Library Research Method, learning process in Islam is a very important theme. The term learning process has been used in the sources of Islamic teachings (Al-Qur'an and Sunnah) there are at least three terms, namely ta'allama, darasa, and thalaba. From these three terms, it can be understand that learning process in Islam is an activity that is carried out seriously and need concentration, arising from a sincere intention, and carried out continuously. Learning process must also be pursued through the teacher, while a teacher should giving the attention to the readiness of students in receiving knowledge. Success or failure of learning process is largely determined by how physical and psychological involvement from the student as human being. The most important learning purpose according to the perspective of Islamic education is the practice of achieving the blessings from Allah swt.
Copper Reactivity Can be Tuned to Catalyse the Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-Deoxy Glycosides from Glycals
Authors: Palo-Nieto Carlos , Sau Abhijit , Jeanneret Robin , Payard Pierre-Adrien , Martins-Teixeira Maristela Braga , Carvalho Ivone , Grimaud Laurence , Galan M. Carmen
Published: October 2019

We demonstrate that tuning the reactivity of Cu by the choice of oxidation state and counterion leads to the activation of both “armed” and “disarmed” type glycals towards direct glycosylation leading to the a-stereoselective synthesis of deoxyglycosides in good to excellent yields. Mechanistic studies show that CuI is essential for effective catalysis and stereocontrol and that the reaction proceeds through dual activation of both the enol ether as well as the OH nucleophile.
Site-selective Protonation Controls Hydrogen Turnover in [FeFe]-Hydrogenase
Authors: Laun Konstantin , Baranova Iuliia , Duan Jifu , Wittkamp Florian , Apfel Ulf-Peter , Happe Thomas , Senger Moritz , Stripp Sven T.
Published: October 2019

Hydrogenases are metalloenzymes that catalyze H2 oxidation and H2 evolution. In particular, [FeFe]-hydrogenases have been shown to be excellent H2 evolution catalysts. Their active site cofactor comprises a [4Fe-4S] cluster covalently linked to a diiron site modified with CO and CN– ligands (H-cluster). Distinct proton transfer pathways connect the H-cluster on opposing sites facilitating hydrogen turnover at low overptential. In this study, we employ in situ ATR FTIR spectroscopy and spectro-electrochemistry to analyze H2 oxidation and H2 evolution of [FeFe]-hydrogenase at a wide range of proton concentrations. Our data reveals the influence of site-selective proton transfer on the equilibrium of redox states. Under reducing conditions, protonation facilitates electron uptake at the [4Fe-4S] cluster and impedes premature reduction of the diiron site, the later which dominates at acidic pH values. This observation is discussed in the context of the pH dependence of H2 evolution as catalyzed by [FeFe]-hydrogenase.
Inductive Transfer Learning for Molecular Activity Prediction: Next-Gen QSAR Models with MolPMoFiT
Authors: Li Xinhao , Fourches Denis
Published: October 2019

Deep neural networks can directly learn from chemical structures without extensive, user-driven selection of descriptors in order to predict molecular properties/activities with high reliability. But these approaches typically require very large training sets to truly learn the best endpoint-specific structural features and ensure reasonable prediction accuracy. Even though large datasets are becoming the new normal in drug discovery, especially when it comes to high-throughput screening or metabolomics datasets, one should also consider smaller datasets with very challenging endpoints to model and forecast. Thus, it would be highly relevant to better utilize the tremendous compendium of unlabeled compounds from publicly-available datasets for improving the model performances for the user’s particular series of compounds. In this study, we propose the Molecular Prediction Model Fine-Tuning (MolPMoFiT) approach, an effective transfer learning method that can be applied to any QSPR/QSAR problems. A large-scale molecular structure prediction model is pre-trained using one million unlabeled molecules from ChEMBL in a self-supervised learning manor, and can then be fine-tuned on various QSPR/QSAR tasks for smaller chemical datasets with a specific endpoints. Herein, the method is evaluated on three benchmark datasets (lipophilicity, HIV, and blood-brain barrier penetration). The results showed the method can achieve comparable or better prediction performances on all three datasets compared to state-of-the-art prediction techniques reported in the literature so far.
I. Uluslararası Apollonia Mozaik Çalıştayı 26 Ağustos - 1 Eylül 2019 - Gölyazı / Nilüfer / Bursa
Authors: ŞAHİN Mustafa
Published: October 2019

Bu makalede 26 Ağustos - 1 Eylül 2019 tarihleri arasında Gölyazı / Bursa’da düzenlenen I. Uluslararası Apollonia Mozaik Çalıştayı hakkında bilgi verilmekte, ayrıca çalıştaya katılan sanatçılar ve eserleri tanıtılmaktadır. Çalıştayın konusu olarak, Apollonia antik kentinin isim kaynağı olan Apollon’un “phoibos” epitheti seçilmiş ve sanatçıların ışık temasını ön plana çıkartacakları eserler üretmeleri beklenmiştir. Çalıştaya yurtiçinden ve yurtdışından mozaik sanatçıları Fatma Akay, Sibel Akkaba, İlknur Altıntaş Yağmur, Dafna Birger, Gvira Caspi-Hacham, Hayati Çetin, Gamze Er, Daniel Georgiev Ivanov, Bahriye Martı Güler, Velina Staleva ve Gözde Tolan katılarak mozaik eserlerini üretmişlerdir.
Review of Algorithms Used in Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Laurent Aislyn A.
Published: October 2019

Molecular Dynamics simulations are part of the study of chemical systems via the computational method. This review looks at algorithms used during this technique and examines how they work, and how they contribute to successful results using this critical method.