bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An approach to extensive reading: Active involvement during sustained silent reading
Authors: Yoshida Hiroko
Published: March 2020

A number of studies have demonstrated that extensive reading (ER) can result in a variety of language learning gains; however, how ER programs should best be implemented in the EFL classroom has not been fully explored. This article provides practical advice to instructors in this regard and asserts the effectiveness of active involvement in sustained silent reading (SSR) to foster ER learning.

多読の有用性については多くの研究で報告されているが、授業で実際に多読を実施する最良の指導法については十分に議論されていない。本論では、この観点において教師に実践的な助言を施し、教師が授業内多読に積極的にかかわり持続的黙読(SSR)を行うことの有効性について述べる。
Cooperative and Collaborative Learning in the Language Classroom
Authors: Kato Yoshitaka , Bolstad Francesco , Watari Hironori
Published: March 2020

Cooperative learning and collaborative learning are two of the central approaches to utilize pair or group activities in the language learning classroom. However, despite the fact that these approaches have been developed under different historical backgrounds and thus have different pedagogical aims to be pursued, a tendency to use the two terms interchangeably has obscured their respective merits in foreign language education. This paper therefore attempts to differentiate them through an extensive review of the relevant literature. It reveals that cooperative learning, which emphasizes the necessity of developing learners’ social skills, tends to be described as a more structured and teacher-centered approach than collaborative learning, which presupposes the learners’ autonomy to a greater extent. This paper, rather than arguing any primacy of one of the two approaches, introduces some issues to assist practitioners and researchers to identify which approach would be most beneficial for their individual teaching and research goals.

「協同学習」と「協調学習」は、言語学習におけるペア・グループ学習を有効活用するための2つの中心的なアプローチである。しかし、両者が異なる歴史的背景、教育目的のもとで発展したにもかかわらず、これら2つの用語は外国語教育において混同されて用いられる傾向があり、互いの利点が十分に活かされてはこなかった。そこで本論は、従来の先行研究を幅広く概観することで、両者の相違点の明確化を試みた。その結果、学習者の社会スキルの向上を重視する「協同学習」は、学習者の自律性を前提とする「協調学習」に比べ、より構造的で、教師中心のアプローチとして記述される傾向があることがわかった。本論は、これらのアプローチいずれかの優位性を示すものではない。言語教育の実践家や研究者が、各々の教育や研究の目的にとってより有益なアプローチを見出すための指針を提供するものである。
英語教師の成長を促す自己評価 チェックリストの提案 • Suggestions on Self-Evaluation Checklists for EFL Teachers in Japan
Authors: Mikami Akihiro
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to develop and suggest self-evaluation checklists for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers in Japan as a reflection tool for their professional development. The paper first reviews existing theoretical studies on EFL instructors’ professional competencies for creating a fundamental framework for the checklists. This framework consists of four parts: content knowledge and skills, pedagogical knowledge and skills, classroom teaching skills, and professional development knowledge and skills. Based on this framework, this paper develops self-evaluation checklists. It also discusses how they can be used to support EFL teachers’ professional growth on the basis of the results of trial surveys with follow-up interviews. The checklists are expected to help the teachers periodically reflect on their overall professional competencies and thus stimulate their growth as EFL instructors. However, the efficacy of the checklists will need to be tested through nationwide surveys of EFL teachers in Japan.

本論では、現職英語教師が自分自身の成長を図るために使用できる自己評価のための簡便なチェックリストを提案する。まず、先行研究に基づき英語教師の専門能力を考察し、1. 教科の知識・技能、2. 教科を教えるための知識・技能、3. 教科指導技術、4. 教師の成長に関する知識・技能からなる枠組みをまとめている。さらに、この枠組みに基づく自己評価チェックリストを作成し、試験的にそれを活用した結果を基にその活用法を考察している。本チェックリストの活用により、英語教師が自分の専門能力を定期的・総合的により簡単に振り返ることができ、その向上にも役立てることができるであろう。今後の課題としては、本チェックリストの有効性を検証するための全国的な調査とその効果的な活用法に関する研究を重ねる必要があるであろう。
Teaching Audio-Visual English to University Students: Factors to Consider
Authors: Numadate Jenny
Published: March 2020

Audio-visual English classes focus on teaching both aural and visual aspects of English as a foreign or second language. A discussion on factors to consider when choosing material for such classes and the rationale for showing full seasons of television series with both English audio and subtitles are presented. The series LOST is suggested as suitable material.

「オーディオ・ビジュアル英語」の授業では、オーラルとビジュアルという側面から英語を外国語または第二言語として教える。本稿では、こうした授業で扱う教材を選ぶ際に考慮すべき点や、英語音声に英語字幕を付けてテレビドラマ全体を授業で見せることについて議論していく。 テレビドラマのLOSTは適切な教材として提案されています。
Current measurements in the intermittent-contact mode of atomic force microscopy using the Fourier method: a feasibility analysis
Authors: Uluutku Berkin , Solares Santiago D
Published: March 2020

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is an important tool for measuring a variety of nanoscale surface properties, such as topography, viscoelasticity, electrical potential and conductivity. Some of these properties are measured using contact methods (static contact or intermittent contact), while others are measured using noncontact methods. Some properties can be measured using different approaches. Conductivity, in particular, is mapped using the contact-mode method. However, this modality can be destructive to delicate samples, since it involves continuously dragging the cantilever tip on the surface during the raster scan, while a constant tip–sample force is applied. In this paper we discuss a possible approach to develop an intermittent-contact conductive AFM mode based on Fourier analysis, whereby the measured current response consists of higher harmonics of the cantilever oscillation frequency. Such an approach may enable the characterization of soft samples with less damage than contact-mode imaging. To explore its feasibility, we derive the analytical form of the tip–sample current that would be obtained for attractive (noncontact) and repulsive (intermittent-contact) dynamic AFM characterization, and compare it with results obtained from numerical simulations. Although significant instrumentation challenges are anticipated, the modelling results are promising and suggest that Fourier-based higher-harmonics current measurement may enable the development of a reliable intermittent-contact conductive AFM method.
Six-fold C–H borylation of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene
Authors: Nagase Mai , Kato Kenta , Yagi Akiko , Segawa Yasutomo , Itami Kenichiro
Published: March 2020

Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) is known to be a poorly soluble polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon for which direct functionalization methods have been very limited. Herein, the synthesis of hexaborylated HBC from unsubstituted HBC is described. Iridium-catalyzed six-fold C–H borylation of HBC was successfully achieved by screening solvents. The crystal structure of hexaborylated HBC was confirmed via X-ray crystallography. Optoelectronic properties of the thus-obtained hexaborylated HBC were analyzed with the support of density functional theory calculations. The spectra revealed a bathochromic shift of absorption bands compared with unsubstituted HBC under the effect of the σ-donation of boryl groups.
Sound Localization in Toddlers with Normal Hearing and with Bilateral Cochlear Implants Revealed Through a Novel “Reaching for Sound” Task
Authors: Bennett Erica E. , Litovsky Ruth Y.
Published: March 2020

Background:Spatial hearing abilities in children with bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs) are typically improved when two implants are used compared with a single implant. However, even with BiCIs, spatial hearing is still worse compared to normal-hearing (NH) age-matched children.
Here, we focused on children who were younger than three years, hence in their toddler years. Prior research with this age focused on measuring discrimination of sounds from the right versus left.Purpose:This study measured both discrimination and sound location identification in a
nine-alternative forced-choice paradigm using the “reaching for sound” method, whereby children reached for sounding objects as a means of capturing their spatial hearing abilities.Research Design:Discrimination was measured with sounds randomly presented to the left versus
right, and loudspeakers at fixed angles ranging from ±60° to ±15°. On a separate task, sound location identification was measured for locations ranging from ±60° in 15° increments.Study Sample:Thirteen children with BiCIs (27‐42 months old)
and fifteen age-matched (NH).Data Collection and Analysis:Discrimination and sound localization were completed for all subjects. For the left‐right discrimination task, participants were required to reach a criterion of 4/5 correct trials (80%) at each angular separation prior
to beginning the localization task. For sound localization, data was analyzed in two ways. First, percent correct scores were tallied for each participant. Second, for each participant, the root-mean-square-error was calculated to determine the average distance between the response and stimulus,
indicative of localization accuracy.Results:All BiCI users were able to discriminate left versus right at angles as small as ±15° when listening with two implants; however, performance was significantly worse when listening with a single implant. All NH toddlers also had
>80% correct at ±15°. Sound localization results revealed root-mean-square errors averaging 11.15° in NH toddlers. Children in the BiCI group were generally unable to identify source location on this complex task (average error 37.03°).Conclusions:Although some
toddlers with BiCIs are able to localize sound in a manner consistent with NH toddlers, for the majority of toddlers with BiCIs, sound localization abilities are still emerging.
Growth aspect of squid (Loligo chinensis) from the Banyuasin Coastal Waters, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: . Fauziyah , Purwiyanto Anna I.S. , Agustriani Fitri , Putri Wike A.E.
Published: March 2020

Squid (Loligo chinensis) played an important role in small scale fisheries in Banyuasin Coastal Waters, however, the information and publications were limited. This study aimed to estimate the length at first capture (LC50%), the length at first maturity (Lm), growth pattern and condition factor of L. chinensis from Banyuasin Coastal Waters of South Sumatra. The squids were observed for samples in April 2018 and March 2019 using a stationary lift net. During the observation, the squid measurement was conducted on 1179 individuals. The mantle length ranged was 40-210 mm and their body weight ranged was 2-42 gr. The value of LC50%, Lm and ½L∞ were obtained at 103 mm, 147 mm, and 110.5 mm respectively. The analysis results of the length-weight relationship (W = 0.0145L1.4618, R2 = 0.9265 and P < 0.05) showed that their growth pattern was negative allometric (b < 3).  The mean relative condition factor (Kn = 1.01) above the critical value limits (K=0.56) confirmed that the environmental condition of Banyuasin Coastal Waters suitable for the L. chinensis growth. However, should be careful with their length size of the squid catch were not feasible in the capture.
Deepening of Partnership between Germany and Ukraine
Authors: Reichel Ernst
Published: March 2020

The article delineates the strengthening of the partnership between Germany and Ukraine. Germany was among the first countries to recognise independence of Ukraine. Nowadays, it is one of its key partners and friends. After gaining independence, a lot of programs and agreements were developed in Ukraine to enhance bilateral relations. After the Revolution of Dignity, Germany considerably broadened its obligations in the field of technical and financial cooperation.
Within the cooperative framework, Germany focuses its attention on three paramount areas: 1) stable economic growth; 2) democracy, civil society, public administration, and decentralisation; 3) energy efficiency.
Germany has allocated millions of euros for restoring communal infrastructure in the east of Ukraine destroyed in the conflict and facilities used by internally displaced persons. It has also provided cold-resistant accommodation for more than 2,300 people.
Given a great number of familiarising and training programmes for various target groups, specifically for employees of regional state administrations, Ukrainian entrepreneurs, lawyers, and judges, German experts seek to share their experience and practices with representatives of Ukrainian authorities. Furthermore, cooperation with the Verkhovna Rada was launched, enabling us to recruit alumni of German higher educational institutions for practice.
The intensity of the political dialogue and remarkable political interest Germany shows in the course of stable, peaceful, and democratic development of sovereign Ukraine are the genuinely important factors for the relations between Germany and Ukraine.
The German government consistently and unequivocally supports Ukraine in its legal aspiration to restore territorial integrity and sovereignty.
Keywords: Germany, German-Ukrainian relations, political dialogue, democratic development, partnership.
Uzbekistan is Pearl of the East
Authors: Abdualiev Alisher
Published: March 2020

The author describes the rapidly developing tourism industry in Uzbekistan. The country purports to become one of the most frequented tourist attractions in the world, as attested to by its many achievements. Since 1993, the country has been a member of the UN World Tourism Organization. The author dwells on the results of tremendous work on the overhaul of the tourist industry, transport and hotel infrastructure. The country has also seen the development and perfection of the appropriate legal framework and new national terminology standards. The author points out that the establishment of programmes for the development of tourism opportunities in various regions of Uzbekistan is ongoing, whereby nearly 450 projects are planned.
The regions work upon development of agri- and ecotourism. The measures on simplification and bringing to the world standards the visa process and registration of foreign citizens became highly important for Uzbekistan. The author concludes that such measures have resulted in an increase of number of tourists by 32,7 percent, as compared with the previous year. The export of tourist services has increased by 18,3 percent.
According to the author, the main attractions of Uzbekistan for foreign tourists are peace, stability, the atmosphere of mutual respect and welfare; the resources available allow developing all kinds of tourism. Nowadays, Uzbekistan can boast about business, recreation, historical and architectural, folklore and ethnographical, religious and other kinds of tourism. The author emphasizes ecotourism is an important direction. Uzbekistan is a nice place for randonneurs, fans of bicycle touring, etc.
The author pays attention to relations between Uzbekistan and Ukraine. It is said that the two states are in search of new forms of cooperation, with Ukraine being a tourist partner of Uzbekistan.
The author also describes the cognitive aspect of the aforementioned tourism, namely about peculiarities of Uzbek families. Respect for elder people, tea ceremony as an element of hospitality, rules of etiquette while staying in an Uzbek house, and interesting traditions all serve to multiply the desire to visit the sunny Uzbekistan.
Keywords: the Republic of Uzbekistan, tourist sphere, International Organization for Standardization (ISO), UNESCO World Heritage, Uzbekistan-Ukraine relations.
Foreign Policy of Hungary Towards Ukraine or “European Menu à la Carte”
Authors: Esaulov Serhii
Published: March 2020

The author raises the issue of settling conflicts around the world and discusses modern attempts to establish law and order. Particular attention is paid to the intricate relations between Hungary and Ukraine. With Russia’s aggression against Ukraine there was ruined a system of international relations, which provided for the rule of law, the right to settle disputes without applying military tools, force or threats. Russia initiated a new precedent of impunity, insolent violation of the fundamental norms of international law, and demonstrated the world how the borders may be redrawn as one sees fit and “bring historical justice”.
The author notes that one of the reasons for the escalation of the conflict between Hungary and Ukraine has become the language issue. Still, however pity it is, all attempts of the Ukrainian side to resolve conflict matters have appeared to be vane, since Budapest is reluctant to listen to and consider any arguments of Kyiv, being fully distracted by its demand. It is hard to imagine that in civilized “old” Europe, Germany, for instance, would express claims or even threaten France for the fact that pupils in schools of the French region of Alsace (until 1918, its territory formed part of Germany that attempted to annex it at times of the Second World War) are taught in the official language – French, not in the language of the neighbouring country, even though the Alsatian and German languages are equally spoken there.
Unfortunately, Hungary seems not to be ready to follow the example of the Franco-German reconciliation in terms of relations with all neighbours, despite the philosophy of its membership in the EU and NATO. The revenge-seeking attitudes of the Hungarian political establishment regarding the revision of borders according to the Versailles and Yalta systems of international relations are constantly boosted in all directions in the neighbouring countries, where ethnic Hungarians live (Romania, Slovakia, Serbia and Ukraine). The so-called “formula of protecting interests of Russian citizens in Crimea and Donbas” adopted from Putin has apparently laid the foundation for the foreign policy strategy of V. Orban. First, as regards the appeal to make the region of ethnic Hungarians’ residence autonomous and subsequently – the appeal to hold a referendum on separation. The author summarizes that along with the political and diplomatic efforts, a substantial role in easing the tension in relations with Budapest should be played by non-governmental organizations and the expert community though holding forums and scientific conferences aiming at discussing the above-mentioned issues.
Keywords: Hungary, conflict, Law on Language, geopolitics, strategies, foreign policy, Ukraine.
EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN CaO SEBAGAI KATALIS HETEROGEN DIBANDINGKAN KATALIS HOMOGEN UNTUK PRODUKSI BIODIESEL
Authors: Yuhelson - , Prasetya - , Fauzi M. Ridha , Triasih Puri
Published: March 2020

Biodiesel diharapkan dapat menggantikan solar sebagai sumber energi alternatif terbarukan yang memiliki keunggulan lain seperti bahan baku terbarukan, lebih ramah lingkungan dan dapat langsung digunakan pada kendaraan. Namun, biaya produksi biodiesel masih cukup tinggi sehingga belum dapat bersaing dengan solar. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan efisiensi pada katalis. Biodiesel yang dihasilkan menggunakan katalis homogen yang umum digunakan (NaOH) dibandingkan dengan katalis heterogen (CaO). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan rendemen katalis NaOH lebih tinggi yaitu 83,75 %.
ANALISIS POSTUR KERJA PADA BAGIAN GUDANG BARANG JADI MENGGUNAKAN METODERAPID ENTIRE BODY ASSESSMENT (REBA)
Authors: Zen Zayyinul Hayati , Zamora Beni
Published: March 2020

PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk Div. Noodle Pekanbaru is a manufacturing company, producing instant noodles. These research focused on the finished goods warehouse. During the activities has been taken, most operator complained of pain in some parts of their body. The complaint will be identified by using Standard Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ). Then assestment of work posture by using Rappid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Actual work conditions will be obtained, analyzed and evaluated. The results in the preparation of finished goods were the level of risk in moderate activity and needs improvement. On pull/pushment of finished goods to the warehouse location and to the dock, loading into the truck were a high level of risk activities and need to immediately repairs. Recommendations suggested are repositioning of operator’s working position, add giving sufficient space for laying pallet so that the operator more flexible. It also necessary to add tools for laying footing finished goods higher, adding safety devices backs operator.
PENGARUH SUHU TERHADAP PRODUKSI ASAM LEVULINAT DARI INULIN UMBI DAHLIA (Dahlia Sp.)
Authors: Murwindra Rosa , Sikumbang Saryono , Awaliddin Amir , Linggawati Amilia
Published: March 2020

Dahlia is a floriculture plant with tuber that rich in inulin. Inulin is soluble in hot water and it will settle on cool temperature in alcohol. The inulin extraction to use hot water from dahlia tuber take from Bukittinggi of West Sumatra. Extraction result from 100 g dahlia tuber is 4% inulin (w/w dahlia tuber), such as inulin flour is white gray. As qualitative test with Seliwanoff and Nelson-Somogyi methods, that inulin positive contain of fructose and reducing sugar. This inulin can be converted into levulinic acid using acid catalyst at high temperature. Production of levulinic acid with variate reaction temperature from 130 – 170 oC. The reaction of inulin convertion is done in ampul that burned in oven. In this experiment, conversion of inulin to be levulinic acid is high 26,25% (w/w inulin) using acid catalyst of hydrochloride acid 1 M and heating 170 oC about 15 minutes.
FAKTOR˗FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN IMUNISASI HEPATITIS B˗0 PADA IBU YANG MEMILIKI BAYI DI PUSKESMAS BONAI DARUSSALAM PASIR PANGARAIAN KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU
Authors: Ardhiyanti Yulrina
Published: March 2020

Universal Child Immunization (UCI) target of Hepatitis B immunization must be achieved 80 % in national, province, regency or even a village. PD3I surveillance data shows scope of HB˗0 (0˗7 days) immunization in Riau, from 2007-2013 still below national targets. Based on information from paramedic in Bonai Darussalam Health Care, low immunization coverage because some people do not know the benefits and afraid if their infants get immunization an earlier time. This study aims to understand related factors of provision Hepatitis B–0 immunization in Bonai Darussalam Health Care, Pasir Pangaraian, Rokan Hulu in 2016. Quantitative research methods and research design used cross sectional. The study was conducted in Bonai Darussalam Health Care, Pasir Pengaraian in February 2016 using questionnaires with 50 people total respondents. Sampling was taken by accidental sampling technique. The results show that 42 people (84%) did not give HB- 0 immunization. Test results chi-square statistic show connection between respondent’s knowledge with HB-0 immunization OR = 2.0 (95% CI 1.22 to 3.26), futhermore, there is a correlation relationship between the respondent’s attitudes with immunization HB-0 OR = 21.8 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.72), and the relationship between the respondent's educational with HB-0 immunization OR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.20 to 2.95). A recommendation for paramedic in Bonai Darussalam Health Care is to improve their performance in terms of providing information to mothers who have babies, private midwives and herbalists in the area and it hopes that mother could be motivated to provide immunization HB-0.
PERNIKAHAN DINI WANITA YANG BERSATUS PEWARIS HARTA “TUNGGU TUBANG” (Studi Kasus Pada Masyarakat Suku Semendo Darat Ulu Kabupaten Muara Enim Sumatera Selatan)
Authors: Mahdi Imam Mahdi
Published: March 2020

Pernikahan usia dini pada masyarakat suku Semendo, Muara Enim Sumatera Selatan  cukup Tinggi, bagi perempuan yang memegang status tunggu tubang, menurut hukum Negara dan agama dilarang. Data statistik tahun 2017 penduduk suku semendo yang terdiri dari 3 kecamatam berjumlah 41.261 jiwa dan 100% beragama Islam. Tunggu tubag adalah istilah adat untuk menyebutkan anak perempuan tertua dalam keluarga yang akan mewarisi harta kekayaan secara turun temurun dari nenek moyang mereka, memang harta tunggu tubang (harta tua) berupah rumah, sawah dan kebun tidak dibagi, menjadi hak penguasaan anak perempuan tertua. Hasil penelitian terjadinya pernikahan dini, dikarenakan beberapa faktor antara lain: orang tua wanita ingin lebih cepat mewariskan harta tunggu tubang, agar ada yang membantu dalam pekerjaan fisik pengurusan harta warisan, wanita yang memegang status tunggu tubang sengaja sekolahnya dibatasi hanya tamat SD/MI, karena kalau  sekolah cukup tinggi orang tuanya takut anaknya tidak akan mau mewarisi harta tunggu tubang seperti orang tua mereka. Oleh karena itu pada masyarakat suku Semendo masih berlaku kebiasaan untuk menjodohkan anak perempuan mereka. Uniknya pada masyarakat ini walaupun banyak perkawinan usia dini, jarang terjadi perceraian. Tulisan ini juga menunjukan bahwa praktik pernikahan usia dini yang dianggap akan banyak menimbulkan masalah seperti kekerasan, atau eksploitasi anak dan perempuan tidak terjadi.  orang tua yang menikahkan anaknya yang masih berusia muda khususnya yang berstatus tunggu tubang akan merasa terhormat. Penelitian ini menyarankan kepada Pemerinta untuk mengadakan intervensi agar regulasi perkawinan dan perlindungan anak dan perempuan dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan tokoh agama dan tokoh masyarakat
KUALITAS USIA PERKAWINAN, MOTIF, FAKTOR DAN DAMPAKNYA DI KABUPATEN WONOSOBO
Authors: Mahfudz Mahfudz Junaedi
Published: March 2020

Lembaga perkawinan masih dipercaya sebagai proses awal dalam membentuk peradaban manusia, karena dengan perkawinan akan melahirkan generasi berkualitas dan beradab sehingga diperlukan kesiapan secara holistik. Namun demikian, proses terbentuknya perkawinan banyak dipengeruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal kondisi yang melingkupinya, terutama oleh ajaran dan keyakinan agama, sosio-kultural, kualitas sember daya manusia, lingkungan hidup, tata kelola pemerintahan dan kesenjangan wilayah sebagai kondisi objektif daerah. Wonosobo sebagai salah satu kota kabupaten di Jawa Tengah dengan tingkat kemiskinan yang masih tinggi dengan menempati posisi keempat dengan kisaran 11,32%. Tahun 2018 angka kemiskinan di Wonosobo pada kisaran  17, 58 %. Bonus demografi dengan indikator kualitas manusia pada setiap tahapan umur dalam tumbuh kembangnya dipengaruhi oleh ekonomi, pendidikan formal, pola asuh, kesehatan dan budaya. Dengan kondisi objektif semacam inilah, fenomena tingginya perkawinan usia muda di Wonosobo dengan motif dan latar belakangnya. Penelitian ini dengan fokus permasalah (1) bagaimana motif dan faktor yang mempengaruhi perkawinan usia muda, (2) bagaimana siklus kehidupan yang perlu dipersiapkan oleh keluarga muda, dan (3) mengapa perkawinaan usia muda masih tinggi di Wonosobo. Metode yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adaah field research dengan mendasarkan sumber data dan analisa data secara holistik dari lembaga-lembaga/instansi terkait, seperti data Bapeda, dinas PPKBPPPA (BKKBN), Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Wonosobo, Pengadilan Agama Wonosobo serta pihak-pihak terkait langsung maupun tidak langsung data kependudukan, maupun informan pelaku perkawinan usia muda. Hasil penelitian yang diharapkan adalah untuk mengetahui motif dan latar belakang perkawinan usia muda, sehingga ditemukan solusi dalam memberikan kebijakan, program dan sosialisasinya. Untuk memberikan informasi dan pentingnya mempersipakan penting dan strategi siklus kehidupan dalam 1000 hari pertama kehidupan, dan menemukan akar permasalahan masih tingginya perkawinan usia muda di Wonosobo. Sehingga diperlukan sinergitas semua stakeholder dalam mencarikan solusi dan alternatif pemecahannya
PERSEPSI PIMPINAN BADAN KONTAK MAJELIS TAKLIM, AISYIAH, WANITA SYARIKAT ISLAM, FATAYAT NU, DAN KERUKUNAN WANITA ISLAM DI KOTA MANADO TENTANG POLIGAMI
Authors: Nusri Nusri Taroreh , Ahmad Rajafi
Published: March 2020

Persepsi muslimah yang menjabat sebagai pimpinan ormas Islam di Kota Manado seperti Badan Kontak Majelis Taklim (BKMT), Aisyiah, Wanita Serikat Islam, Fatayat NU, dan Kerukunan Wanita Islam (KWI) tetang poligami adalah fokus dalam penelitian ini, mengingat Kota Manado adalah wilayah muslim minoritas di Indonesia. Hasilnya adalah, bahwa semua pimpinan sepakat bahwa poligami adalah salah satu ajaran agama Islam yang tertuang di dalam al-Qur'an, namun implementasinya di era ini yang perlu ditelaah keabsahannya. Hal ini mengingat bahwa poligami di era ini lebih didominasi oleh kehendak nafsu seksual semata yang menjurus pada kemudharatan dan bukan untuk jalan kemaslahatan. Oleh karenanya, mereka sepakat bahwa aturan hukum di Indonesia tentang perkawinan yang menegaskan monogami terbuka sebagai asas perkawinan sangat responsif, dan izin istri adalah jalan poligami yang sehat jika diinginkan.
FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PEMBERIAN OPINI GOING CONCERN
Authors: Arif Muhammad Faizal
Published: March 2020

Dalam standar audit dikemukakan bahwa laporan audit harus menyatakan apakah laporan keuangan telah disusun sesuai standar akuntansi keuangan di Indonesia, dan melihat derajat kesesuaian dalam penugasan audit sehingga auditor harus dapat memperoleh dan mempertimbangkan rencana manajemen dalam mempertahankan kelangsungan hidupnya selama jangka waktu pantas. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis pengaruh debt default, kesulitan keuangan, reputasi auditor, opini audit tahun lalu, ukuran perusahaan, pergantian auditor, dan ukuran komite audit terhadap opini going concern.

Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah, 222 perusahaan kesulitan keuangan, dan 201 perusahaan rugi komprehensif dengan 3 (tiga) tahun pengamatan mulai 2012 - 2014. Teknik penarikan sampel purposive sampling., Data penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berbentuk laporan opini auditor, dan laporan keuangan. Metode penelitian regresi logistic.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan debt default, kesulitan keuangan, opini audit tahun lalu, dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap pemberian opini going concern, dan reputasi auditor, pergantian auditor, dan ukuran komite audit tidak berpengaruh terhadap pemberian opini going concern
Analisis Potensi Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (PBB-P2) Pasca Pengalihan Dari Pajak Pusat Menjadi Pajak Daerah
Authors: Patra Ls A. Dahri Adi , Rusli Andika
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi pajak dan kemampuan aparat pengelola Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Perdesaaan dan Perkotaan (PBB-P2) Kota Palopo pasca pengalihan dari Pajak Pusat menjadi Pajak Daerah dengan menggunakan teknik analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif.  Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan untuk  menganalisis potensi obyek pajak, tingkat efektifitas serta proporsi dan kontribusi penerimaan PBB-P2 terhadap total pajak daerah, selanjutnya  analisis kualitatif digunakan untuk  mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan bagaimana upaya pajak dan kemampuan aparat pemerintah daerah dalam mengelola PBB-P2 dengan menggunakan analisis upaya pajak (tax effort) dan kombinasi analisis tipologi klassen dengan matriks Boston Consulting Group (BCG). Hasil pelitian ini menunjukan bahwa  potensi penerimaan PBB-P2 Kota Palopo masih sangat rendah, pada sisi lain kemampuan aparat dalam mengelola PBB sangat efektif (tinggi), dengan demikian peran dan dominasi PBB-P2 Kota Palopo sebagai sumber Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) masih sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan pada tahun-tahun yang akan datang.
PENGARUH KEJELASAN SASARAN ANGGARAN DAN AUDIT KINERJA TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA INSTANSI PEMERINTAH (Studi Empiris Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah)
Authors: Indah Safitri Ari Sarwo
Published: March 2020

This research was conducted with the aim of: (1) Knowing and analyzing the influence of theclarity of the budget target on government performance accountability; (2) Knowing and analyzing the effect ofaudit performance on government performance accountability; (3) Knowing and analyzing the influence ofclarity of budget targets and performance audits simultaneously on the performance accountability ofgovernment agencies; (4) Knowing and analyzing organizational commitment can moderate the relationshipbetween clarity of budget goals and performance audits with performance accountability of governmentagencies This study uses primary data through a survey of all Regional Work Unit (SKPD) in Mamuju TengahDistrict, which amounts to 33. This research was conducted for three months, from December to February 2019.Data were analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results of this study indicate that: (1)Clarity of budget targets has a positive and significant effect on the performance accountability of governmentagencies; (2) performance audits have a positive and significant effect on the performance accountability ofgovernment agencies; (3) clarity of objectives has a positive and significant effect on the accountability ofperformance of government agencies by being moderated by organizational commitment; (4) performance auditshave a positive and significant effect on the performance accountability of government agencies by beingmoderated by organizational commitment.
PENGARUH WHISTLEBLOWING SYSTEM, KEMAMPUAN AUDITOR, SKEPTISME AUDITOR, DAN INDEPENDENSI TERHADAP PENDETEKSIAN KECURANGAN
Authors: Utami Magister Akuntansi Pascasarjana, U Nur Muchlisiah
Published: March 2020

This research was conducted by aiming to determine the effect ofwhistleblowing systems, auditor capabilities, auditor professional skepticism andindependence of fraud detection. This study uses primary data using a questionnaire of33 auditors as a sample of all auditor numbers as many as 48 auditors working at theInspectorate Office of South Sulawesi Province. Data analysis using multiple regressionwith the help of SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Whistleblowingsystems have a positive and significant effect on fraud detection: (2) The auditor's abilityhas a positive and significant effect on fraud detection: (3) The auditor's professionalskepticism has a positive and significant effect on fraud detection: (4) Independencepositive and significant effect on fraud detection.
Subaru Infrared Adaptive Optics-assisted High-spatial-resolution Imaging Search for Luminous Dual Active Galactic Nuclei in Nearby Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
Authors: Imanishi 今西 Masatoshi 昌俊 , Kawamuro 川室 Taiki 太希 , Kikuta 菊田 Satoshi 智史 , Nakano 中野 Suzuka すずか , Saito 済藤祐 Yuriko 理子
Published: March 2020

We present infrared K′-band (2.1 μm) and L′-band (3.8 μm) high-spatial-resolution (<0.″3) imaging observations of 17 nearby (z < 0.17) ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) assisted with the adaptive optics of the Subaru Telescope. We search for compact red K′ − L′ color emission as the indicator of luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs) due to AGN-heated hot dust emission. Two luminous dual AGN candidates are revealed. Combining these results with those of our previous study, we can state that the detected fraction of luminous dual AGNs in nearby ULIRGs is much less than unity (<20%), even when infrared wavelengths >2 μm are used that should be sensitive to buried AGNs due to small dust extinction effects. For ULIRGs with resolved multiple nuclear K′-band emission, we estimate the activation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in individual galaxy nuclei in the form of AGN luminosity normalized by SMBH mass inferred from the stellar luminosity of the host galaxy. We confirm a trend that more massive SMBHs in K′-band brighter primary galaxy nuclei are generally more active, with higher SMBH-mass-normalized AGN luminosity, than less massive SMBHs in K′-band fainter secondary galaxy nuclei, as predicted by numerical simulations of gas-rich major galaxy mergers. In two sources, the presence of even infrared-elusive extremely deeply buried AGNs is indicated by comparisons with available (sub)millimeter data. Non-synchronous SMBH activation (i.e., less activation of less massive SMBHs) and the possible presence of such infrared-elusive AGNs may be responsible for the small fraction of infrared-detected luminous dual AGNs in nearby merging ULIRGs.
A Systematic Study of the Dust of Galactic Supernova Remnants. I. The Distance and the Extinction
Authors: Zhao He , Jiang Biwei , Li Jun , Chen Bingqiu , Yu Bin , Wang Ye
Published: March 2020

By combining the photometric, spectroscopic, and astrometric information of the stars in the sightline of supernova remnants (SNRs), the distances to and the extinctions of 32 Galactic SNRs are investigated. The stellar atmospheric parameters are from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey−DR14/Apache Point Observatory Galaxy Evolution Experiment and Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope−DR5/LEGUE spectroscopic surveys. The multiband photometry, from optical to infrared, are collected from the Gaia, APASS, Pan-STARRS1, Two Micron All Sky Survey, and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer surveys. With the calibrated Gaia distances of individual stars, the distances to 15 of 32 SNRs are well determined from their produced extinction and association with molecular clouds. The upper limits of distance are derived for three SNRs. The color excess ratios

of 32 SNRs are calculated, and their variation with wavebands is fitted by a simple dust model. The inferred dust grain size distribution bifurcates: while the graphite grains have comparable size to the average interstellar medium dust, the silicate grains are generally larger. Along the way, the average extinction law from optical to near-infrared of the Milky Way is derived from the 1.3-million-star sample and found to agree with the CCM89 law with

.
Final Masses of Giant Planets. III. Effect of Photoevaporation and a New Planetary Migration Model
Authors: Tanaka Hidekazu , Murase Kiyoka , Tanigawa Takayuki
Published: March 2020

We herein develop a new simple model for giant planet formation that predicts the final mass of a giant planet born in a given disk by adding the disk mass loss due to photoevaporation and a new type II migration formula to our previous model. The proposed model provides some interesting results. First, it gives universal evolution tracks in the diagram of planetary mass and orbital radius, which clarifies how giant planets migrate at growth in the runaway gas accretion stage. Giant planets with a few Jupiter masses or less suffer only a slight radial migration in the runaway gas accretion stage. Second, the final mass of giant planets is approximately given as a function of only three parameters: the initial disk mass at the starting time of runaway gas accretion onto the planet, the mass-loss rate due to photoevaporation, and the starting time. On the other hand, the final planet mass is almost independent of the disk radius, viscosity, and planetary orbital radius. The obtained final planet mass is ≲10% of the initial disk mass. Third, the proposed model successfully explains properties in the mass distribution of giant exoplanets with the mass distribution of observed protoplanetary disks for a reasonable range of the mass-loss rate due to photoevaporation.
A 'Weight of Evidence' approach to evaluating structural equation models
Authors: Grace James
Published: March 2020

It is possible that model selection has been the most researched and most discussed topic in the history of both statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM). The reason for this is because selecting one model for interpretive use from amongst many possible models is both essential and difficult. The published protocols and advice for model evaluation and selection in SEM studies are complex and difficult to integrate with current approaches used in biology. Opposition to the use of p-values and decision thresholds has been voiced by the statistics community, yet certain phases of model evaluation have been historically tied to reliance on p-values. In this paper, I outline an approach to model evaluation, comparison and selection based on a weight-of-evidence paradigm. The details and proposed sequence of steps are illustrated using a real-world example. At the end of the paper, I briefly discuss the current state of knowledge and a possible direction for future studies.
Factors Influencing the Use of Multimedia Technologies in Teaching English Language in Kuwait
Authors: Al-Ajmi Najla'a H. , Aljazzaf Zainab
Published: March 2020

The way of learning and teaching has been improved and the term of learning is developed. Generally, many researchers try to identify the important factors that affect the usage of multimedia in teaching and learning. However, there are few studies in this area specifically in Kuwait. Therefore, this study comes to fill this gab and identify the factors that influence the usage of multimedia technologies in teaching English language in Kuwait. Consequently, a research model is developed. To evaluate the proposed model, questionnaire is developed and the empirical data is collected and analyzed. The results reveal that there are seven factors that have an impact in using multimedia in teaching English subject, which are: facilitation, motivation, performance, behavioral, social, pedagogical, and effort factors. Moreover, the study proves that instructors have positive perceptions of multimedia technologies, but still need more supplements and supports.
Empowerment in Tourism
Authors: Gençer Güllü , Gençer Kansu
Published: March 2020

Empowerment is an approach that provides employees to participate in the management, control the processes, and decide about the problems by taking initiatives. Employee empowerment is important to develop service quality, respond faster to customer needs, ensure customer satisfaction and loyalty, and provide competitive advantage to the organization. In this context in the tourism sector where service presentation and consumption take place in a direct relationship with the customer, employees should be empowered. In this chapter, definition and importance of employee empowerment, employee empowerment approaches, concepts about the employee empowerment, employee empowerment elements, methods that enable employee empowerment, employee empowerment in tourism organizations, and the benefits of employee empowerment are explained by literature review.
The Restaurant Industry in the New Era
Authors: Akan Perran
Published: March 2020

Food production and consumption have shown significant changes in the recent past. These phenomena reflect on the restaurant industry, which is a major setting for food consumption. Restaurant customers now are more concerned about their health, more value conscious, digitally involved, demanding for more convenient and individualized service, and above all not only expect a meal but a “unique experience” from a restaurant. All these factors present challenges for businesses and oblige them to adapt their strategies and policies accordingly. Restaurant characteristics affecting customer choice is an extensively researched subject. The current trends shaping customers' lifestyles and preferences have made it necessary to update and make modifications to the restaurant choice criteria used in prior research. Restaurant managers also must identify the new customer needs and expectations. Up-to-date research will provide valuable information to businesses in this area to adapt their strategies accordingly and ensure the sustainability of their business.
Retailing Trends and Developments - Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Mandal Pratap Chandra
Published: March 2020

The retail environment is changing rapidly. The competition is getting tougher. Some of the developments taking place include tighter consumer spending; new retail forms; shortening retail life cycles and retail convergence; rise of megaretailers; growth of direct, online, mobile, and social media retailing; necessity of omni-channel retailing; importance of retail technology; green retailing; and global expansion of major retailers. Retailers adopt a number of measures to be successful in the short run and in the long run. The article will sensitize retailers about the requirements to be successful in the competitive retail environment. All the strategies will help retailers to develop customer relationships and grow in the competition.
Creating Inclusive Cultures for Women in Automation and Information Technology Careers and Occupations
Authors: Burrell Darrell Norman , Diperi Dawn Lee , Weaver Rachel M.
Published: March 2020

Automation will be central to the next phase of business technology transformation, driving new levels of customer value such as faster delivery of products, higher quality and dependability, deeper personalization, and greater convenience. This business transformation phase will require workers with new skills at all levels. There are significant shortages of women in leadership job roles in information technology and automation. There are also significant disparities with pay and opportunities for women in those fields. As a result, it is critical to understand the organizational cultural change strategies that information technology (IT) and automation companies can make to employ more females in information technology and automation positions and address gender pay issues and gender exclusivity issues currently existing in today's workplace. This article intends to influence the world of practice through the execution of a literature review content analysis.
Mutation Testing to Evaluate Android Applications
Authors: Saifan Ahmad A. , Alzyoud Ahmad Adnan
Published: March 2020

Android is an operating system source which offers flexibility and support for most mobile applications, and easy access to social networks. It is important to understand the complexity of design, development, implementation, and testing of Android apps. A number of challenges may be faced in testing android applications, including the lack of testing processes and methods, testing experts being unavailable, poor in-house testing environment, and time restrictions. Mutation testing is a fault-based testing technique, applied by generating mutants and running the application with these mutants to analyze the killed and equivalent mutants. We defined a set of mutation operators according to the features of android applications: apps with content sharing, apps with multimedia, apps with graphics, and apps with user location and maps. We identified 42 mutation operators. In addition, we implemented a new tool, “µ-Android,” which automatically generates mutants and retrieves results to prove the efficiency of the test cases and enable the new operators.
Pulmonary Hypertension: Overview and Case Study
Authors: Powell Brook , Leeper Barbara
Published: March 2020

This article provides a broad overview of pulmonary hypertension, including classifications, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Nursing considerations and optimization of hemodynamic values in patients with pulmonary hypertension in a critical care unit are reviewed through the lens of a case study. Preventing decompensation is essential in the successful care of these patients.
Narrative History of the Swan-Ganz Catheter: Development, Education, Controversies, and Clinician Acumen
Authors: Headley Jan M. , Ahrens Thomas
Published: March 2020

The year 2020 marks the 50th anniversary of the landmark publication on the bedside clinical use of a flow-directed catheter. The catheter, now known as the Swan-Ganz catheter, truly revolutionized practice and care of the critically ill. Use of the catheter proliferated nearly without rigorous validation or evidence base until a moratorium was called in regard to its use. This article describes the history of the development of the Swan-Ganz catheter, its uses, and its near downfall. The authors, both involved in educating clinicians in the use of the pulmonary artery catheter, hope that telling this story shares tribal knowledge and lessons learned with newer generations of nurses who did not experience the explosion of development and knowledge in the area of hemodynamic monitoring. Partly because of advances in technology, and the catheter’s application for heart failure in particular, use of the pulmonary catheter is being resurrected.