bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of biomass-based adsorbent from rice husk ash for copper ions adsorption
Authors: Liu Wenlong , Zhang Xingwen , Ren Hongyu , Hu Xingcheng , Yang Xinyu , Liu Hui
Published: April 2023

To solve the problems of low utilization of agricultural waste rice husk and heavy metal pollution, this investigation prepared a cheap copper ion adsorbent using rice husk ash (RA). The maximum Cu2+ adsorption capacity was 19.8 mg/g. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and surface area and porosity analyses were used to characterize the composition and structure of the material of silica-depleted rice husk ash (SDRA). The thermodynamics and kinetics of Cu2+ adsorption by SDRA were studied for their relevance to the adsorption mechanism. The adsorption of copper ions by SDRA was in accordance with the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Furthermore, the increases in specific surface area and oxygen-containing functional groups following silica removal were primarily responsible for SDRA’s enhanced adsorption ability. And this is the first time that Cu2+ adsorbent has been prepared from the by-product of the synthesis of silane from rice husk ash. So, its synthesis cost is very low. Moreover, the preparation technique of SDRA is a revolutionary method of adsorbent creation that is both economical and environmentally benign.
Facile production of highly active rice straw bioadsorbent to remove Cu in wastewater
Authors: Liu Wenlong , Zhang Xingwen , Ren Hongyu , Hu Xingcheng , Yang Xinyu , Zhu Baize , Liu Hui
Published: April 2023

A bioadsorbent with a high specific surface area and high content of oxygen-containing functional groups was prepared from silica depleted rice straw ash (SDRSA). The starting material was a by-product of rice straw after alkoxysilane extraction. The maximum adsorption capacity of SDRSA for copper ions was 26.7 mg/g, which was higher than previously reported biomass adsorbents. The effects of adsorbent dose, pH, contact time, and other conditions on the adsorption performance of SDRSA on Cu2+ were investigated. The adsorption process of Cu2+ on SDRSA was well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The physicochemical properties and adsorption mechanism of SDRSA were investigated by specific surface area testing (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Boehm titration methods. Electrostatic interaction, complexation, ion exchange, and precipitation are the possible Cu2+ removal mechanisms. The preparation method requires only simple washing and drying, and the alcohol can be distilled and recycled. Thus, SDRSA is very low cost and convenient to prepare in large quantities. This work presents a novel approach to optimize adsorbent production to mitigate heavy metal pollution.
Flame retardancy and physical-mechanical properties of poplar veneers impregnated by calcium carbonate
Authors: Guo Pingping , Zhao Xiping , Zhu Xiaodong , Liu Yu , Feng Qi
Published: April 2023

Fast-growing poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr) can produce wood veneers, but their poor quality restricts their application in construction and building. Modification of wood has the potential to improve its properties. In this study, poplar veneers were impregnated with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) to reinforce their performance. The results showed that CaCO3 was uniformly distributed in cell lumens in impregnated veneers. After impregnation, the maximum weight gain rate was up to 41.4%, and water uptake decreased from 6.82% to 0.94%. The hardness increased from 7.6 to 10.0 MPa, and the extent of wear fell from 0.91% to 0.05%. The ignition time was prolonged, and the heat release rate and total heat release were low. Experimental results demonstrated that CaCO3 improved the physical-mechanical properties and flame retardancy of poplar veneers.
Synthesis and characterisation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilised cells from cashew apple bagasse
Authors: Ouattara Anianhou Yaya , Soro Doudjo , Kakou Ernest Kouassi , Kone Kouwelton , Assidjo Emmanuel , Mabia Gerardin , Kamagate Mahamadou
Published: April 2023

Cashew apple bagasse is biomass rich in little-exploited lignocellulosic material. This study used this biomass as a support for cell immobilisation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For this purpose, the immobilisation technique by attachment to a surface was applied. The bagasse used in this study contained 32.6% lignin. After delignification, the lignin content of the bagasse was 3.33%. The cell density was 1.21 × 108 cells g-1 for the immobilised cells prepared for 24 h. For the immobilised cells prepared for 48 h, the cell density was 1.71 × 108 cells g-1. Microscopic observations showed that the adhesion of the yeast cells to the surface of the support occurred on all layers with the cells immobilised for 48 h. These results highlight the efficiency of cell immobilisation of S. cerevisiae on cashew apple bagasse.
Material deterioration detection of wooden columns at the Nanyang Fuya Museum using a combination of macroscopic visual inspection and moisture content testing,
Authors: Yang Yan , Song Chunge , Liang Limei , Tao Minghui , Wang Fuqun , Zhao Ying
Published: April 2023

Wooden columns, as an important load-bearing wooden component of traditional wooden structures, determine the safety of an entire building. With the increase in material deterioration, the overall health and life of ancient buildings is affected. In this study, the deterioration of wooden columns of ancient buildings in the central axis of the Nanyang Fuya Museum was detected through a combination of macroscopic visual inspection and moisture content testing. The result was that the deterioration degrees and MCs of wooden columns located in the south direction, with good ventilation effect or with oil paint protection were lower than those of wooden columns located in the north direction, with poor ventilation effect or without oil paint protection. The deterioration degree increased with the increase of MC. The results of this research provide the basis for the analysis of the causes and risks of material deterioration.
Germination methods and characteristics of endemic Centaurea olympica DC. Koch grown in cultural conditions
Authors: Yücel Gül , Erken Kamil
Published: April 2023

The most suitable generative production method was selected in this work by applying different treatments to endemic Centaurea olympica seeds. The development performance and adaptation ability of the species in natural and cultural conditions (in the natural population, in pots and in the garden) were determined, with the goal to protect the species under ex situ conservation. The growth performance of the plant was monitored, and its ornamental plant potential was evaluated. The obtained data were compared with the data from the natural population. All morphological and phenological observations showed that the species can easily adapt to cultural conditions. For 2 months in the summer period, it is a lilac-flowered herbaceous plant that can be preferred for gardens with increasing number of shoots and flowers in parallel with its development. Among the different pretreatments applied to the seeds of the species, the highest germination percentage (73.5%) and germination speed (T50=8 days) was found with 600 ppm GA3 treatment for 24 h after cold-wet stratification at 4 °C for 3 months. The appropriate germination temperature was determined as 20 °C.
Dichotomy of predictor variables of indoor air quality and prevailing public perception of green living space – A preliminary assessment
Authors: Ab Latib Hazirah , Amir Mohd. Afthar , Othman Kamaruzaman , Ratnasingam Jegatheswaran , Liat Lim Choon
Published: April 2023

Indoor environmental quality has a profound effect on human health and productivity. In this respect, this study evaluates indoor air quality in terms of its various parameters in sustainably built homes in three different locations. A supplementary study to examine the formaldehyde emission levels from furniture with three different finishes was also undertaken. A questionnaire-based survey was then conducted to evaluate the general public perception of the prevailing indoor air quality in the three locations. The results revealed that temperature, relative humidity, indoor air speed, particulate matter (PM10), CO2, NO2, and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and formaldehyde (HCHO) readings were not significantly different between the three locations and were below the existing limit allowed for indoor environmental quality. However, the HCHO emission was the highest from furniture with the two-layer coatings, followed by single layer coating, and finally the furniture with the veneer overlay. It was noteworthy that the general public’s awareness and knowledge of indoor air quality was relatively poor, except for the tertiary level educated respondents. In this regard, policymakers need to increase the awareness and knowledge of indoor environmental quality among the general public, if non-compliance is to be detected and promptly addressed.
International supply chain handling practices and the quality of heat-treated, white oak veneer logs
Authors: Chen Zhangjing , White Marshall , Mack Ron , Rider Daniel , Reddy Vijay , O’Neill Susan
Published: April 2023

The most promising alternative to the methyl bromide fumigation of exported logs is steam-heating the log in a vacuum. Research has confirmed that steam heating to 56 °C for 30 minutes kills all viable propagules of oak wilt pathogen (Bretziella fagacearum) in the sapwood of oak logs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether this heat-treatment method has any effect on the quality or value of white oak veneer logs shipped between the US and EU. Seventeen steam- and vacuum-treated and seventeen untreated control logs were shipped from Baltimore, Maryland to the Czech Republic, for processing into veneer, between December 2021 and February 2022. The treated and untreated logs were sawn into flitches, soaked in hot water vats, sliced, dried, and the veneer from each log was graded for quality. Each log was assigned a value based on the veneer quality and yield. The average value of treated log was 1,547 €/m³, and the average value of the untreated logs was 1,539 €/m³. The null hypothesis was statistically confirmed. Therefore, it is concluded that the 56 °C/30 min, sapwood heat treatment using vacuum and saturated steam had no adverse impact on the value of the white oak veneer logs.
Transformation of substituted 3-hydroxy-4-[(2E)-3-arylprop-2-enoyl]-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones by the action of I2/DMSO into derivatives 2-aryl-5,6-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrrole-4,7-diones
Authors: Vydzhak Roman , Panchishin Svitlana , Prostota Yaroslav , Brovarets Volodymyr
Published: April 2023

The effective and simple synthetic preparative procedure for obtaining of various derivatives of 2-aryl-5,6-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrrole-4,7-diones applying the I2/DMSO oxidation of 3-hydroxy-4-[(2E)-3-arylprop-2-enoyl]-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones was developed. This protocol was found to be compatible with a wide range of substituents and gave the reliable synthetic pathway for the obtaining of target compounds with a wide range of substituents under mild conditions. All obtained substances can be easily isolated and purified by crystallization without application of more complex and labour intensive purification methods
Synthesis and NMR spectroscopy investigations of functionalized spiropyranochromenediones and their spirothiadiazole derivatives
Authors: Moskvina Viktoria , Turov Olexander , Shokol Tetyana , Khilya Volodymyr
Published: April 2023

This investigation focuses on the synthesis of spiropyranoneoflavones and the modification of obtained compounds at the exocyclic oxygen atom. Kabbe cyclization of 6-acetyl-7‑hydroxy-8-methyl-4-phenyl-2H-chromene-2-one with cyclohexanone or cyclopentanone in the presence of pyrrolidine provided 10-methyl-4-phenyl-2H-spiro[cyclohexane(cyclopentane)-1’,8-pyrano[3,2-g]chromene]-2,6(7H)-diones. Their new functionalized derivatives with thiosemicarbazide residues were synthesized. Acetylation of obtained thiosemicarbazones with acetic anhydride proceeded via cyclization of thiosemicarbazide fragment into 1,3,4-thiadiazole ring to give corresponding N-[3'-acetyl-10-methyl-8-oxo-6-phenyl-3'H,8H-dispiro[cyclohexane-1,2’-pyrano[3,2-g]chromene-4,2'-[1,3,4]thiadiazol]-5'-yl]acetamide and N-[3'-acetyl-10-methyl-8-oxo-6-phenyl-3'H,8H-dispiro[cyclopentane-1,2’-pyrano[3,2-g]chromene-4,2'-[1,3,4]thiadiazol]-5'-yl]acetamide. The structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy
Cytisine derivatives as new anti-Escherichia coli agents: in silico and in vitro studies
Authors: Hodyna Diana , Kovalishyn Vasyl , Blagodatnyi Volodymyr , Bondarenko Svitlana , Mrug Galyna , Frasinyuk Mykhaylo , Metelytsia Larysa
Published: April 2023

QSAR analysis of a 5143 compounds set of previously synthesized compounds tested against multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical isolate Escherichia coli strains was done by using Online Chemical Modeling Environment (OCHEM).The predictive ability of the regression models was tested through cross-validation, giving coefficient of determination q2=0.72-0.8. The validation of the models using an external test set proved that the models can be used to predict the activity of newly designed compounds with reasonable accuracy within the applicability domain (q2=0.74-0.8). The models were applied to screen a virtual chemical library of cytisine derivatives, which was designed to have antibacterial activity. The QSAR modeling results allowed to identify a number of cytisine derivatives as effective antibacterial agents against antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains. Seven compounds were selected for synthesis and biological testing. In vitro investigation of the selected cytisine derivatives have shown that all studied compounds are potential antibacterial agents against MDR E. coli strains
4-(1-Oxo-1H-isochromen-3-yl)benzenesulfonamides and their effect on cancer cell growth
Authors: Hlotov Serhii , Shablykina Olga , Khilya Volodymyr
Published: April 2023

Sulfonamide derivatives of 3-phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-one were synthesized by reaction of 4-(1-oxo-1H-isochromen-3-yl)benzenesulfonyl chloride with amines. The specific parameters of chlorosulfonation of 3-phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-one have been identified; the procedure for synthesis of 4-(1-oxo-1H-isochromen-3-yl)benzenesulfonyl chloride and its by-product (disulfochloride) was optimized. The evaluation of anticancer activity of obtained sulfonamides showed no appreciable cytotoxicity
The theoretical description for the sucralose electrochemical determination, assisted by poly(safranine) modified electrode
Authors: Tkach Volodymyr , Storoshchuk Nataliia , de Oliveira Sílvio , Ivanushko Yana , Nazymok Yevgeniya , Luganska Olga , Yagodynets Petro
Published: April 2023

For the first time, sucralose cathodic electrochemical determination, assisted by the safranine-modified electrode has been theoretically described. The correspondent mathematical model has shown that the steady-state stability range is wider than in the most system of electrochemical determination over the pyridinic nitrogen-containing conducting polymer. Moreover, the oscillatory behavior is less probable. Therefore, poly(safranine) is an efficient electrode modifier for sucralose electrochemical determination
BIOTECH PEOPLE 2021 or a brief history of mRNA vaccines
Authors: Kondratov Ivan
Published: April 2023

BIOTECH PEOPLE 2021 or a brief history of mRNA vaccines
Impact of Zakat-Based Business Capital on Mustahiq's Welfare Post-Disaster in Sigi Regency
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Anwar Syamsul , Ardiansyah Misnen
Published: April 2023

This study investigates the BAZNAS Microfinance Desa (BMD) Sigi program’s impacts on the material and spiritual well-being of the Mustahiq (zakat beneficiaries). The quantitative CIBEST model and qualitative observation were performed on 100 households recruited using a random sampling technique. The results show that BMD Sigi’s program positively impacted Mustahiq’s material and spiritual well-being, with increases of 35.39% and 10%, respectively. The welfare index rose 19%, and the material poverty index fell by 1%. Both spiritual poverty and the absolute index fell by 6% and 12%, respectively. Our direct observation further supports the quantitative findings, showing that monitoring and technical support provided by BMD Sigi is crucial for the successful implementation of the program. This study contributes to the novelty of measuring the impact of zakat distribution on productive means using quantitative and qualitative approaches with particular evidence from a post-disaster area.JEL Classification: D64, I38, L31, Z12How to Cite:Hasanah, U., Anwar, S., & Ardiansyah, M. (2023). Impact of Zakat-Based Business Capital on Mustahiq’s Welfare Post-Disaster in Sigi Regency. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 175-190. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i1.25178.
Forecasting Export Volume of Indonesian and Colombian Coffee in the World Market using ARIMA Model
Authors: Zuhdi Fadhlan , Maulana Achmad Subchiandi , Rambe Khoiru Rizqy
Published: April 2023

Colombian coffee exports influence Indonesian coffee exports in the short term, so this study aims to forecast the export volume of Indonesian and Colombian coffee in the future. The study used time-series data from 2001 to 2021, further analyzed using the ARIMA model. Based on the projection, Indonesian coffee export is projected to increase with an average value of 1.14 percent and a potential increase of 1.79 percent. However, this result still needed to reach the desired value since the projected coffee export of Indonesia in 2025 only reached 429 172 tons, or lower than the export quantity of Colombian coffee in 2011. This finding indicated that Indonesian coffee export tended to increase stagnantly and was considered low compared to the increasing export of Colombian coffee.JEL Classification: C22, C53, E37, F17, Q13How to Cite:Zuhdi, F., Maulana A. S., & Rambe, K. R. (2023). Forecasting Export Volume of Indonesian and Colombian Coffee in the World Market using ARIMA Model. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 57-68. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i1.25456.
Do Interest Rate Policy and Liquidity Effect on Banking Credit Risk in Indonesia?
Authors: Amalia Sopira Qori , Suriani Suriani
Published: April 2023

Lending plays a vital role for banks as a source of income from deposits or interest paid by debtors. This study aims to analyze the effect of policy interest rates and liquidity from the money supply on bank credit risk in Indonesia in the short and long term. This study uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag method and the Granger Causality test as analytical tools. The data used are policy interest rates, total money supply, and total non-performing loans. The data period under study is 2017-2022. The study results show that in the short term, policy interest rates and the money supply negatively affect bank credit risk in Indonesia. However, in the long term, policy interest rates have a negative effect, and the money supply does not affect bank credit risk in Indonesia. Policy interest rates have a one-way causality relationship with bank credit risk. Meanwhile, bank credit risk has a one-way causality relationship to the money supply. This condition represents that policy interest rates can reduce bank credit risk in Indonesia. The Bank of Indonesia, as the monetary authority, needs to pay attention to fluctuations in policy interest rates and mitigate excess money supply so that credit risk does not increase.JEL Classification: F43, O11, P34How to Cite:Amalia, S. Q., & Suriani, S. (2023). Do Interest Rate Policy and Liquidity Affect Banking Credit Risk in Indonesia?. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 145-160. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i1.27119.
Preferences for Donating to Religious and Non-Religious Philanthropic Institutions: Evidence in Indonesia
Authors: Hidayah Nur , Ade Nur Syam
Published: April 2023

This research aims to determine the factors influencing online donation decisions in religious and non-religious philanthropic institutions. 105 questionnaires were disseminated to the respondents in Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi), Indonesia, and analyzed using logistic regression. The findings reveal that in religious philanthropic institutions, the impact has a significant effect, while ease of use, convenience, and innovation have no effect on online donation decisions. In non-religious philanthropic institutions, convenience, innovation, and impact have a significant effect, while ease of use has no effect on online donation decisions. There is a slight difference in factors influencing online donation decisions in religious and non-religious philanthropic institutions. Religious philanthropic institutions should expand their impact to raise their donors. Meanwhile, non-religious philanthropic institutions should improve the quality of their digital platform and expand the innovation and impact of the programs to increase their donors.JEL Classification: D64, L31, Z12How to Cite:Hidayah, N., & Ade, N. S. (2023). Preferences for Donating to Religious and Non-Religious Philanthropic Institution: Evidence in Indonesia. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 191-206. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.12ii1.27887.
The Determinant of Human Development in Eastern Part of Indonesia during 2012-2020
Authors: Khairina Najwa , Wijaya Arbi
Published: April 2023

Improving human resource quality in Eastern Indonesia has become a primary concern in many development programs enacted in Indonesia. The KTI regions needed to catch up and often experienced development problems. Several challenges, such as the significant disparity in education and health facilities compared to the western part of Indonesia, have hindered the development process of KTI. This research aims to find the determinants of human development in KTI. We analyze the regional fiscal dependency ratio, employment level, allocation of DAU (general allocation fund) by the central government, and poverty gap level as determinants of the Human Development Index in KTI. Using the Fixed Effect panel data analysis, we found that the general allocation fund, employment, and fiscal dependency ratio are positively associated with HDI in KTI regions. In contrast, the poverty gap is negatively associated with HDI in KTI regions. Our empirical finding implies that central government transfers play an essential role in the human development process, while the poverty problem is one of the main obstacles to improving the human resources quality in KTI regions.JEL Classification: H80, L38, O15How to Cite:Khairina, N., & Wijaya, A. (2023). The Determinant of Human Development in the Eastern Part of Indonesia. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 83-96. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i1.29496.
Indonesian Tourism Demand by ASEAN Tourist: A Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Nugraha Yulvira Rizka Putri , Naylah Maal
Published: April 2023

Indonesia recorded the lowest average foreign tourist arrivals compared to ASEAN central countries, thus proving that Indonesia has yet to be thoroughly used as the primary destination for foreign tourists. Market forces influence the low number of foreign tourist arrivals in Indonesia. This study analyzes the impact of determining factors of ASEAN tourism demand in Indonesia. Panel data analysis with the Fixed Effect Model selection model was used to explore Indonesia’s tourism demand from five ASEAN countries from 2001 to 2020. The results showed that tourist expenditure, CPI, terrorism, and COVID-19 significantly negatively affect the number of Indonesian tourist visits. In contrast, the exchange rate and GDP per capita significantly positively impact the number of Indonesian tourist visits. Indonesia needs to improve the quality of tourism products and services to increase foreign tourist arrivals and implement international cooperation to create promotions for domestic tourism.JEL Classification: C33, L83, Z3How to Cite:Nugraha, Y. R. P., & Naylah, M. (2022). Indonesian Tourism Demand by ASEAN Tourist: A Panel Data Analysis. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 45-56. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i1.27999.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Abundance of Natural Resources, and Economic Growth
Authors: Fajrian Muhammad Aja , Achsani Noer Azam , Widyastutik Widyastutik
Published: April 2023

The impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the host country’s economic growth is often discussed without considering the abundance of natural resources in the host country. The present study examines the relationship between FDI and economic growth while considering the presence of natural resources. Using panel data regression with data from 124 countries, the study finds that FDI inflows are increasing significantly, with pronounced differences between countries based on their per capita income levels. The results of the panel data regression analysis show that both FDI and natural resources positively affect economic growth. However, an increase in natural resources reduces the overall impact of FDI on economic growth. This result suggests that countries should attract FDI in sectors outside of natural resources to maximize the positive effects of FDI on economic growth.JEL Classification: F43, O4, P28, P45, Q0How to Cite:Fajrian, M. A., Achsani, N. A., & Widyastutik. (2023). Foreign Direct Investment, Abundance of Natural Resources, and Economic Growth. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 11-26. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i1.29975.
Public Debt and Budget Deficit Threshold Levels on New Fiscal Sustainability Indicator
Authors: Cahyadin Malik , Sarmidi Tamat , Khalid Norlin , Law Siong Hook
Published: April 2023

Fiscal sustainability can be determined and assessed using financial technology (FinTech). Consequently, a new indicator of fiscal sustainability can be constructed. This study also estimates threshold levels of public debt and budget deficit by considering institutions for 88 developing and 35 developed countries in 2014 and 2017. The principal component analysis (PCA) and the cross-section threshold regression are employed. The main findings revealed that the threshold levels of public debt-to-GDP ratio for developed and developing countries in 2014 were 100.37% and 63.04%, while that in 2017 were 90.09% and 84.28%, respectively. Moreover, the threshold levels of budget deficit-to-GDP ratio for developed and developing countries in 2014 were -3.04% and -1.24%, while those in 2017 were -0.97% and -5.75%, respectively. Therefore, policymakers should emphasize a certain public debt and budget deficit level to warrant a fiscally sustainable level.JEL Classification: C13, E62, H60 How to Cite:Cahyadin, M., Sarmidi, T., Khalid, N. & Law, S. H. (2023). Public Debt and Budget Deficit Threshold Levels on New Fiscal Sustainability Indicator. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 97-116. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i1.31005.
Determinants of Strategic Factors for Digital Transformation in Micro and Small Enterprises in Makassar City
Authors: Tajuddin Imran , Mahmud Amir , Syahnur Muhammad Haerdiansyah
Published: April 2023

The Indonesian government aims to promote information and communication technology (ICT) among micro and small enterprises to enhance their competitiveness in the global market. A survey was conducted among 180 micro and small enterprise owners in Makassar City using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The results showed that Performance Expectancy (PE) and Effort Expectancy (EE) insignificantly affect the Behavioral Intentions (BI) of the enterprise owners. It also indicated that Social Influence (SI) and Facilitating Conditions (FC) positively influence the adoption of ICT in micro and small enterprises. This study is novel and significant as it addresses a gap in the literature on digital transformation strategies, particularly in Makassar City, where such investigations are rare. Consequently, this study presents an original contribution to the field.JEL Classification: M2, O3, R2How to Cite:Tajuddin, I., Mahmud, A., & Syahnur, M. H. (2023). Determinants of Strategic Factors for Digital Transformation in Micro and Small Enterprise in Makasar City. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 131-144. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i1.31070.
Muslim Taxpayer's Preference: Paying Tax or Zakat?
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Rifani Nurul
Published: April 2023

This research investigates the preferences of Muslim taxpayers between paying zakat or taxes. 119 Muslim taxpayers were recruited for online and offline survey studies. Factor analysis determines factors influencing Muslim taxpayer preferences between paying zakat or taxes. This study shows that Muslim taxpayers preferred to pay zakat rather than taxes. The faith factor has influenced Muslim taxpayers' preferences to pay zakat compared to paying taxes. Other factors include the level of compliance with obligations, the service quality factor for zakat management, the zakat knowledge level factor, the tax knowledge level factor, the religious practice factor, the Tax Services office service quality factor, and the tax benefit factor. From these results, it is expected that the government should evaluate tax policy that previously treated zakat only as deductible income to become a tax credit.JEL Classification: F6, Q49, R2How to Cite:Rahmawati, R., & Rifani, N. (2023). Muslim Taxpayer’s Preference: Paying Tax or Zakat. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 207-220. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.12ii1.31555.
The Relationship Between FokI Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms on The Incidence Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients At Sanglah Hospital Denpasar Bali
Authors: Handayani Theressia , Darwinata Agus Eka , Wihandani Desak Made , I Gede Putu Supadmanaba
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Complications of T2DM result in many organs of the body including visual disturbances (diabetic retinopathy). Polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor gene FokI, increase the risk of complications of T2DM including DR. This study aims to determine the FokI polymorphism in vitamin D receptor gene in DMT2 patients at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar Bali and to determine whether there is a relationship between vitamin D receptor polymorphisms FokI on the incidence of DR in DMT2 patients at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar Bali.
Methods: Design of the research was a cross-sectional analytical study. To detect the status of the FokI polymorphism, DNA segment amplification was performed using the PCR method using a primer specific for the FokI polymorphism. Furthermore, sequencing was performed to detect the base pattern at the location of the FokI SNP. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 25.sav. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: There were 38 samples that were eligible to be analysed and successfully sequenced. The mean age of the sample was 50.68 years with the proportion of DR and non-DR of 73.7% and 26.3%, with the majority of DR patients being male (65.8%). In our multivariate analysis, we found a significant relationship between VDR FokI polymorphism with hypertension among diabetic retinopathy patient (p=0.036; adjusted OR=18; 95% CI=1.694-191.233).
Conclusion: Heterozygous (C/T) VDR Fok I polymorphism was the most frequent in this finding. There is no significant relationship between FokI polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor gene and the incidence of RD in T2DM patients at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar.
Effects of acidified apple juice before fermentation on ethyl carbamate and volatile components of apple distillate
Authors: Su Zhicong , Han Yingying , Du Jinhua
Published: April 2023

In order to eliminate ethyl carbamate (EC) content in apple distillate, Fuji apple juice was acidified to pH 3.0 by sulfuric acid (ST), malic acid (MT), lactic acid (LT), or citric acid (CT). The acidified juice was inoculated with yeast, fermented at room temperature, and distilled by double distillation. Acid treatment by ST (3.23 μg/L), MT (3.20 μg/L), LT (2.93 μg/L), and CT (3.57 μg/L) significantly eliminated EC from apple distillate. Combined with the EC content and sensory evaluation, it was suggested that the high-quality apple distillate could be obtained with lower EC if apple juice was treated with ST or MT before fermentation.
National Hospital Care Survey Demonstration Projects: Mortality Following Nonfatal Opioid Overdose Visits to the Emergency Department
Authors: Spencer Merianne , white Donielle , Jackson Geoffrey
Published: April 2023

This report provides a descriptive analysis of a sample of adult patients who visited the emergency department for nonfatal opioid overdose, using restricted-use 2016 National Hospital Care Survey data linked to the 2016–2017 National Death Index and 2016–2017 Drug-Involved Mortality data.
Health insurance coverage: Early release of estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 2022. National Center for Health Statistics. May 2023
Authors: Cohen Robin , Cha Amy
Published: April 2023

This report examines health insurance estimates for the US population for a full year of 2022
Temporal Aggregation Bias and Monetary Policy Transmission
Authors: Jacobson Margaret M. , Matthes Christian , Walker Todd B.
Published: April 2023

Temporal aggregation biases estimates of monetary policy effects. We hypothesize that information mismatches between private agents and the econometrician—the source of temporal aggregationbias—are as important as the more studied mismatch between private agents and the centralbank (the “Fed information effect”) in the study of monetary policy transmission. In impulse responsesfrom both local projections and an unobserved components model, we find that the responseof daily inflation to high-frequency monetary shocks confirms theoretical predictions. If thereis an adverse-signed response such that inflation increases in response to a contractionary monetaryshock, it is much less prominent than previously thought and explained by frequency mismatches ofshocks and dependent variables.
Breaks in the Phillips Curve: Evidence from Panel Data
Authors: Smith Simon C. , Timmermann Allan , Wright Jonathan
Published: April 2023

We revisit time-variation in the Phillips curve, applying new Bayesian panel methods with breakpoints to US and European Union disaggregate data. Our approach allows us to accurately estimate both the number and timing of breaks in the Phillips curve. It further allows us to determine the existence of clusters of industries, cities, or countries whose Phillips curves display similar patterns of instability and to examine lead-lag patterns in how individual inflation series change. We find evidence of a marked flattening in the Phillips curves for US sectoral data and among EU countries, particularly poorer ones. Conversely, evidence of a flattening is weaker for MSA-level data and for the wage Phillips curve. US regional data and EU data point to a kink in the price Phillips curve which remains relatively steep when the economy is running hot.
Racial Unemployment Gaps and the Disparate Impact of the Inflation Tax
Authors: Ait Lahcen Mohammed , Baughman Garth , van Buggenum Hugo
Published: April 2023

We study the nonlinearities present in a standard monetary labor search model modified to have two groups of workers facing exogenous differences in the job finding and separation rates. We use our setting to study the racial unemployment gap between Black and white workers in the United States. A calibrated version of the model is able to replicate the difference between the two groups both in the level and volatility of unemployment. We show that the racial unemployment gap rises during downturns, and that its reaction to shocks is state-dependent. In particular, following a negative productivity shock, when aggregate unemployment is above average the gap increases by 0.6pp more than when aggregate unemployment is below average. In terms of policy, we study the implications of different inflation regimes on the racial unemployment gap. Higher trend inflation increases both the level of the racial unemployment gap and the magnitude of its response to shocks.
Private Equity and Debt Contract Enforcement: Evidence from Covenant Violations
Authors: Haque Sharjil , Kleymenova Anya
Published: April 2023

We document the importance of a financial sponsor when a borrower violates a covenant, providing creditors the opportunity to enforce debt contracts. We identify private-equity (PE) sponsored borrowers in the Shared National Credit Program (SNC) data and find PE-sponsored borrowers violate covenants more often than comparable non-PE borrowers. Yet, compared to non-PE, PE-backed borrowers experience smaller reductions in credit commitment upon violation, suggesting lenders are lenient with PE sponsors. Moreover, this leniency is stronger among financially healthier lenders. We show that our results are consistent with a repeated-deals mechanism, as lenders frequently interact with financial sponsors and choose to preserve relationship rent. Consistent with this mechanism, we find little evidence that PE-sponsored loans eventually underperform relative to non-PE-sponsored ones following covenant violations. Our findings have important implications for understanding heterogeneity in debt contract enforcement and credit constraints faced by distressed borrowers with financial sponsors.
The Long-Run Real Effects of Banking Crises: Firm-Level Investment Dynamics and the Role of Wage Rigidity
Authors: Wix Carlo
Published: April 2023

I study the long-run effects of credit market disruptions on real firm outcomes and how these effects depend on nominal wage rigidity at the firm level. Exploiting variation in firms' refinancing needs during the global financial crisis, I trace out firms' investment and growth trajectories in response to a credit supply shock. Financially shocked firms exhibit a temporary investment gap for two years, resulting in a persistent accumulated growth gap six years after the crisis. Shocked firms with rigid wages exhibit a significantly steeper drop in investment and an additional long-run growth gap relative to shocked firms with flexible wages.
It's Not Who You Know—It's Who Knows You: Employee Social Capital and Firm Performance
Authors: Cho DuckKi , Choi Lyungmae , Hertzel Michael , Wang Jessie Jiaxu
Published: April 2023

We show that the social capital embedded in employees’ networks contributes to firm performance. Using novel, individual-level network data, we measure a firm’s social capital derived from employees’ connections with external stakeholders. Our directed network data allow for differentiating those connections that know the employee and those that the employee knows. Results show that firms with more employee social capital perform better; the positive effect stems primarily from employees being known by others. We provide causal evidence exploiting the enactment of a government regulation that imparted a negative shock to networking with specific sectors and provide evidence on the mechanisms.
Stressed Banks? Evidence from the Largest-Ever Supervisory Review
Authors: Abbassi Puriya , Iyer Rajkamal , Peydró José-Luis , Soto Paul E.
Published: April 2023

We study short-term and medium-term changes in bank risk-taking as a result of supervision, and the associated real effects. For identification, we exploit the European Central Bank’s asset-quality review (AQR) in conjunction with security and credit registers. After the AQR announcement, reviewed banks reduce riskier securities and credit supply, with the greatest effect on riskiest securities. We find negative spillovers on asset prices and firm-level credit availability. Moreover, non-banks with higher exposure to reviewed banks acquire the shed risk. After the AQR compliance, reviewed banks reload riskier securities but not riskier credit, resulting in negative medium-term firm-level real effects. These effects are especially strong for firms with high ex-ante credit risk. Among these non-safe firms, even those with high ex-ante productivity experience negative real effects. Our findings suggest that banks’ liquid assets help them to mask risk from supervisors and risk adjustments banks make in response to supervision have persistent corporate real effects.
Una emoción invisible: paradojas y desafíos en la investigación social de las violencias de odio en contextos sanitarios
Authors: Flores Martos Juan Antonio , Pulido-Fuentes Montserrat
Published: April 2023

La emoción del odio, y sus impactos, poseen una singularidad y características insuficientemente analizadas desde una perspectiva antropológica y la teoría social de las emociones. Se exploran cuestiones epistemológicas y metodológicas presentes en todo proceso de investigación relacionado con una emoción tan compleja como el odio, sus afectaciones vitales en las personas que sufren sus violencias, y cómo ésta se atiende y gestiona por el sistema sanitario. Estudio cualitativo exploratorio con enfoque fenomenológico, basado en el análisis del discurso de los profesionales sanitarios y víctimas de violencias de odio. Se presentan resultados cualitativos del proyecto europeo SHELTER (2018-2021) cuyo objetivo ha sido mejorar la atención y cuidado de las víctimas de delitos de odio en el ámbito sociosanitario. Enfocamos algunas paradojas como la baja visibilidad de las violencias del odio y sus efectos, y cómo condiciona y afecta a las acciones e intervenciones planificadas orientadas a la identificación, gestión y reducción de su impacto en las víctimas. El análisis plantea algunos puntos de atención y retos a considerar para futuras investigaciones y proyectos de intervención social y sociosanitaria en el campo de las violencias de odio, un problema emergente de salud pública en las sociedades europeas.
RNA extraction from hairy roots of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and cDNA synthesis v1
Authors: Pacheco Sánchez Ronal
Published: April 2023

Extracting RNA for subsequent quantification of transcript levels by RT-qPCR requires high purity and concentration. When the amount of tissue is not abundant, as is the case with hairy roots, the concentration of RNA is frequently low. Here we present an optimized protocol for TRIzol-mediated RNA extraction from hairy roots of common bean. This protocol is based on the manufacturer's instructions
Methodology for the Composite Tire Numerical Simulation Based on the Frequency Response Analysis
Authors: Karpenko Mykola , Skačkauskas Paulius , Prentkovskis Olegas
Published: April 2023

Reliability and maintenance analysis in transport focus on the main
objective of accident and incident investigations that benefit to better
understanding of the causes of accidents and prevention of them in the
future. The conducted research presents theoretical and experimental
research on composite pneumatic tire used in transport engineering. The
approach of the numerical simulation sequence which is offered in this
research facilitates engineers in efficient determination of the dynamic
properties and behaviour of vehicle tire at design stage. The tire materials
have been tested by employing piezoelectric micro-vibration tests and
frequency analyses. The Finite Element Method used for numerical
simulation in combination with experimental measurements based on
optimization by material frequency response, was applied in modelling
tire material behaviour avoiding problems of composite structure
modelling. The obtained results indicate that the offered methodology
can be used in numerical simulation of composite tire investigation and
considering material viscos-elastic properties.
Etiological review and outcome of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy in the tertiary care centre
Authors: Desai Sangeeta S. , Kabade Kavita S. , T. S. K. Sumitra Reddy , Devireddy Gheya
Published: April 2023

Background: Objective of the study was to identify and analyse the etiology of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy and review the evaluation of thrombocytopenia and its outcome in pregnancy.
Methods: Retrospective study conducted at D. Y. Patil Hospital, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India, from January 2021 to January 2023, in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. All the antenatal women admitted in the ward of obstetrics and gynecology with platelet count less than 1 lakh/cubic cc were included in the study. Thorough evaluation for the cause of thrombocytopenia and outcome of the patient were collected and results were analyzed.
Results: Out of 3319 deliveries, 100 patients had platelet counts less than 1 lakh. Overall, in the present study, Gestational thrombocytopenia (38%) is the most common cause of low platelets in pregnancy, followed by pre-eclampsia (20%) and DIC (16%). The rest of the etiologies rarely cause thrombocytopenia in pregnancy (<10%).
Conclusions: Despite thrombocytopenia is a common abnormality in pregnancy, it seldom leads to life-threatening complications by itself. By contrast, a significant thrombocytopenia associated with medical conditions can have serious maternal-fetal consequences and requires appropriate management. The management of thrombocytopenia focuses on the underlying cause/etiology which is challenging because there are many potential causes, some directly related to the pregnancy and some unrelated. Cause directed therapies, if promptly administered, may significantly improve the maternal and fetal outcomes. Study intended to evaluate the wide spectrum of causes for thrombocytopenia in pregnancy and its outcome. Preeclampsia with or without HELLP syndrome is found to be very important cause of severe thrombocytopenia and attributed with maternal complications. while the perinatal outcome of gestational thrombocytopenia and immune thrombocytopenic purpura is basically favourable.
Study the predicators and risk factors for formation of gallstones in a sample of asymptomatic Iraqi patients in Baghdad
Authors: Mohammed Saleem Mazyad  , Hamid Abdul-Ghafoor Bilal
Published: April 2023

Background: A gallbladder stone (GBS) is a foremost reason of morbidity worldwide. Majority of the cases are asymptomatic (>80%). Gallstones can be divided into three main types: cholesterol, pigment and mixed stones. The documented risk factors for GBS mostly are the advanced age, female gender, obesity, high-caloric diets and oral contraceptive, all of these can increase the lithogenicity of bile.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study was conducted at general surgical consultation departments in two major multispecialty hospitals in Baghdad (Al-Yarmook and Al Karama Teaching Hospitals) and in different health centers in Baghdad and through an online survey between February 2022 and February 2023. The study sample included 225 participants of both genders. The study questionnaires were sent through electronic format to the participants and the questions were asked to the others directly with enough time to respond well. The target population was all segments of society in the city of Baghdad.
Results: The 225 patients were collected which their age range from 18 to 80 years of age. According to the collected data which showed that the percentage of GBS higher in female than male in value (54.2%) while for male (45.8%). Additionally, also it was found that the residence place has an important impact for this study and it presented that residency in urban places was (96.9%) which is higher than rural places which was only (3.1%). Also, most of patients were with: collage education (73.8%), non-employed (52.9%), middle-income class (72.4%). The results showed significant result (p<0.05) and good association between age, and type of stones present (solitary or multiple); but for the gender, education level, occupation status, residence, socioeconomic class the results was non-significant (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The prevalence of asymptomatic gallstone was relatively high in this region. Female gender, age, high cholesterol level, family history of gallstones, and increased BMI independent risk factors for gallstones formation.