bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combined Zonation of the African-Levantine-Caucasian Areal of Ancient Hominin: Review and Integrated Analysis of Paleogeographical, Stratigraphic and Geophysical-Geodynamical Data
Authors: Eppelbaum Lev V. , Katz Youri
Published: December 2021

The origin of the man at the Earth is directly associated with the determination of directions of the flow distribution of the ancient man migration to adjacent territories. In such studies traditionally mainly landscape and climatological changes are considered. We suggest that along with the above factors, regional tectonic-geodynamic factors played a dominant role in the character of migration. The considered African-Levantine-Caucasian region is one of the most complex regions of the world, where collisional and spreading processes of geodynamics converge. First is determined an essential influence of the Akchagylian hydrospheric maximum (about 200 m above the mean sea level) limiting the ancient men migration from Africa to Eurasia. We propose that the Levantine Corridor emerged after the end of the Akchagylian transgression and landscape forming in the Eastern Mediterranean. This corridor location was formed by the movements between the Dead Sea Transform and the boundary of the carbonate platform of the Mesozoic Terrane Belt. Further landscape evolution was largely determined by the geodynamic behavior of the deep mantle rotating structure occurring below the central part of the region under study. All the mentioned events around and in the Levantine Corridor have been studied in detail on the basis of the combined geodynamic, paleogeographic, and paleomagnetic analyzes performed in northern Israel (Carmel uplift and Galilee plateau). Careful studies of the Evron quarry geological section indicate that it is a unique one for the dating of the marine and continental archaeological sequences and sheds light on the movement of the ancient man along the Levantine Corridor.
Temporal Muscle and Stroke—A Narrative Review on Current Meaning and Clinical Applications of Temporal Muscle Thickness, Area, and Volume
Authors: Katsuki Masahito , Kakizawa Yukinari , Nishikawa Akihiro , Yamamoto Yasunaga , Uchiyama Toshiya , Agata Masahiro , Wada Naomichi , Kawamura Shin , Koh Akihito
Published: December 2021

Background: Evaluating muscle mass and function among stroke patients is important. However, evaluating muscle volume and function is not easy due to the disturbance of consciousness and paresis. Temporal muscle thickness (TMT) has been introduced as a novel surrogate marker for muscle mass, function, and nutritional status. We herein performed a narrative literature review on temporal muscle and stroke to understand the current meaning of the TMT in the clinical stroke practice. Methods: The search was performed in PubMed, last updated in October 2021. Report on temporal muscle morphomics and stroke-related diseases or clinical entities were collected. Results: Four studies reported on TMT and subarachnoid hemorrhage, 2 intracerebral hemorrhage, 2 ischemic stroke, 2 standard TMT values, and 2 nutritional status. TMT was reported as a prognostic factor for several diseases, surrogate markers for skeletal muscle mass, and an indicator of nutritional status. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography were used to measure TMT. Conclusions: TMT is gradually used as a prognostic factor of stroke or surrogate marker for skeletal muscle mass and nutritional status. Establishing standard methods to measure TMT and large prospective studies to investigate the further relationship between TMT and diseases are needed.
Using Resonance Acoustic Emission Vibrations as a Method for Implant Insertion Assessment in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Wei Jonathan CJ , Crezee Willem HA , Jongeneel Hilda , De Haas Tobias SA , Kool Wesley LA , Blaauw Bryan J , Dankelman Jenny , Horeman Tim
Published: December 2021

The success of total hip arthroplasty depends on the experience of the surgeon, and one of the ways the surgeon currently determines the final implant insertion depth is to listen to the change in audible pitch of the hammering sound. We investigated the use of acoustic vibration emissions as a novel method for insertion quality assessment. A non-invasive contact microphone-based measurement system for insertion depth estimation, fixation and fracture detection was developed using a simplified in vitro bone/implant (n=5). 2583 audio recordings were analysed in vitro to obtain energy spectral density functions. Out of the four main resonant peaks under in vitro conditions, broach insertion depth statistically correlates to increasing 3rd and 4th peak frequencies. Degree of fixation was also observed as higher goodness of fit (0.26-0.78 vs. 0.12-0.51 between two broach sizes, the latter undersized). Finally, however, the moment of fracture could not be predicted. A cadaver in situ pilot study suggests comparable resonant frequencies in the same order of magnitudes with the bone model. Further understanding of the signal patterns are needed for an early warning system diagnostic system for imminent fractures, bone damage, improving accuracy and quality of future procedures.
Effect of selective dorsal rhizotomy for treatment of spasticity related to cerebral palsy - report on one-year postoperative results in the Polish population
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Sagan Leszek , Ogłodziński Jarosław ,   Devision of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University ,Szczecin, Madany Łukasz ,   Devision of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University ,Szczecin, Jarosz Monika ,   Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Lickendorf Marek ,   Devision of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University ,Szczecin, Małasiak Paweł ,   Devision of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University ,Szczecin, Jarosz Konrad ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Tyburski Ernest ,   Institute of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznan
Published: December 2021

Aim: Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is a form of surgical treatment that reduces tone in lower extremities by selective sectioning of lumbosacral dorsal roots fibers. However, the method occasionally still arouses some controversies. Since it was introduced in Poland, relatively recently, the discussion on its efficacy is even more vivid. To address this issue we present the analysis of patients treated with SDR in our institution. Material and methods: Out of 96 operated patients 76 were eligible for the study and 30 of them showed up for one-year follow up and were finally analyzed. Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) was used to measure spasticity and the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) to asses gross motor functioning of the patients. Results: For spasticity of different muscles measured by MAS there were significant differences between pre-treatment and post- -treatment (p < 0.05, after Holm-Bonferroni correction; effect size 1.26 < d> 2.32). Furthermore, for gross motor functioning measured by GMFM, there was significant difference between both time points treatment (d = 0.68). Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first report on results of SDR for cerebral palsy treatment in Polish population. The treatment significantly diminished spasticity and improved gross motor functioning on the long term basis. This should provide reassurance to parents considering the procedure and influence the discussion on including SDR in the group of neurosurgical procedures founded by health system authorities in Polandneurodegenerative and metabolic diseases are suspected, genetic testing is performed. Despite the progress that has been made in treating some ataxia disorders in recent years, with few exceptions, for most of patients the therapy of choice is symptomatic and supportive treatment.
Dysfunkcje narządu przedsionkowego u dzieci
Authors:   Poradnia Audiologiczno –Foniatryczna NZOZ Audiofonika Bielsko- Biała, Śpiewak Przemysław , Zamysłowska-Szmytke Ewa ,   Klinika Audiologii i Foniatrii Instytutu Medycyny Pracy im Prof. Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi, Śpiewak Michalina ,   Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Zakładzie Dermatologii Eksperymentalnej UJ w Krakowie
Published: December 2021

Celem pracy jest próba znalezienia zależności pomiędzy uszkodzeniami narządu przedsionkowego u dzieci, a występowaniem objawów w postaci: zawrotów głowy i zaburzeń równowagi. Zachowanie równowagi wymaga sprawnych odruchów: przedsionkowo –ocznego i przedsionkowo-rdzeniowego. W wieku rozwojowym symptomatologia uszkodzeń błędnika będzie zależała od tego na jakim etapie rozwoju do takiego uszkodzenia dojdzie. Pacjenci z wrodzoną wadą przedsionka z reguły nie uskarżają się na zawroty głowy. Dominującym objawem u nich jest opóźnienie rozwoju sprawności motorycznych, co zazwyczaj nie jest wiązane przez lekarzy z dysfunkcją błędnika. Oczopląs samoistny jako objaw ostrego uszkodzenia przedsionka pojawia się u niemowląt i małych dzieci rzadziej niż u pacjentów starszych. Oczopląs u młodszych dzieci ma w większości przypadków charakter ukryty. Natomiast częstość występowania zawrotów głowy i zaburzeń równowagi u dzieci i młodzieży, w zależności od przyjętych definicji tych objawów, szacuje się na poziomie od 0,4% do 5,7% badanej populacji. Główną przyczyną napadowych zawrotów głowy u dzieci jest migrena i zespoły z nią związane. Sprawność błędnika można szacować próbami: fotela obrotowego, dwukaloryczną, VHIT oraz VEMP. Wszystkie testy przedsionkowe, za wyjątkiem obrotowej, wymagają minimum współpracy ze strony pacjenta. Wniosek: Niezmiernie rzadko udaje się potwierdzić, że objaw określany przez dziecko jako zawrót głowy jest spowodowany trwałym uszkodzeniem błędnika.
Choroby imitujące obraz kliniczny mózgowego porażenia dziecięcego
Authors:   Katedra i Klinika Neurologii Wieku Rozwojowego UM im. K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Słowińska-Jarząbek Barbara , Steinborn Barbara ,   Katedra i Klinika Neurologii Wieku Rozwojowego UM im. K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu
Published: December 2021

Mózgowe porażenie dziecięce (MPD) jest najczęstszą przyczyną niepełnosprawności ruchowej wśród dzieci. Bardzo liczna populacja osób z MPD wymaga wielospecjalistycznej opieki. Wczesna identyfikacja chorych pozwala na jej optymalizację, złagodzenie skutków diagnozy oraz pomaga osiągnąć chorym z MPD maksymalny potencjał funkcjonalny. Jednak postawienie diagnozy nie jest wystarczające. Przy dzisiejszym rozwoju medycyny, dostępności badań, chęć dążenia do poznania etiologii MPD jest rzeczą bezdyskusyjną. Samo rozpoznanie MPD jest jedynie przypisaniem do określonej grupy objawów klinicznych, niezwykle ważne jest także poznanie etiologii. Wiele chorób genetycznych oraz metabolicznych może prezentować objawy niepostępującego zaburzenia funkcji ruchowych, spełniających kryteria rozpoznania MPD. Choroby te należą niejednokrotnie do bardzo rzadkich, jednak nie należy ich wykluczać z diagnostyki różnicowej MPD. Dużą część z nich można zidentyfikować w sposób mało inwazyjny i na wczesnym etapie, dzięki programowi badań przesiewowych noworodków. Inne wymagają wykonania bardziej inwazyjnych procedur takich jak punkcja lędźwiowa. Neuroobrazowanie i molekularne testy genetyczne ułatwiają diagnozę i poznanie patofizjologii. Dla części tych chorób istnieje dostępna forma terapii. Dlatego też w przypadku pacjenta, który prezentuje objawy zespołu klinicznego MPD, przy braku udokumentowanych czynników ryzyka lub braku dowodu na trwałe uszkodzenie mózgu w badaniach neuroobrazowych na skutek urazu lub wrodzonych wad mózgowia, należy poszerzyć diagnostykę w poszukiwaniu chorób imitujących MPD. Celem niniejszej pracy jest zwrócenie uwagi na problem zaburzeń o etiologii genetycznej oraz metabolicznej, które klinicznie mogą przypominać MPD. Rozpoznanie MPD bez poszukiwania etiologii może prowadzić do nieefektywnej opieki nad pacjentem z dysfunkcją ruchową.
Wybrane rzadkie przyczyny udaru mózgu u dzieci i młodzieży
Authors:   Klinika Neurologii Rozwojowej, Katedra Neurologii, Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Pilarska Ewa , Kopyta Ilona ,   Katedra i Klinika Neurologii Dziecięcej, Wydział Nauk Medycznych w Katowicach
Published: December 2021

Udar mózgu (ang. AIS, arterial ischemic stroke) w populacji dzieci i młodzieży występuje z częstością około 3 nowych zachorowań na 100 000 dzieci w ciągu roku; częściej pojawia się w okresie noworodkowym, a kolejno- w wieku adolescencji. Czynniki predysponujące do wystąpienia udaru dziecięcego są inne niż w populacji pacjentów dorosłych, a jednocześnie bardzo złożone. Aktualnie wśród najistotniejszych czynników ryzyka AIS u dzieci, z uwagi na częstość występowania, wyróżnia się arteriopatie naczyń mózgowych, wrodzone i nabyte choroby serca oraz stany sprzyjające zakrzepicy. Obraz kliniczny zależy od lokalizacji ogniska udarowego, a także od wieku pacjenta. Większość udarów dziecięcych lokalizuje się w zakresie przedniego kręgu unaczynienia mózgowia, wobec czego w obrazie klinicznym ostrej fazy choroby dominują porażenia i niedowłady kończyn oraz nerwów czaszkowych, a także afazja. U noworodków i niemowląt objawy często są niespecyficzne. Większość dzieci po przebyciu udaru mózgu prezentuje trwałe następstwa, zwłaszcza niedowłady, zaburzenia mowy o typie afazji oraz padaczkę pourazową. W diagnostyce różnicowej ostrego niedokrwienia mózgu u dzieci należy jednak uwzględnić także przyczyny rzadko występujące, zwłaszcza, jeśli ich rozpoznanie daje możliwość leczenia i uniknięcia nawrotów udaru. Autorki przedstawiają opis wybranych rzadkich schorzeń, w przebiegu których występują udary niedokrwienne mózgu w populacji pediatrycznej.
Adaptasi Beberapa Varietas Kedelai di Bawah Tegakan Tanaman Sawit Muda
Authors: Zainudin Zainudin , Mustikarini Eries Dyah , Aini Sitti Nurul
Published: December 2021

Kedelai merupakan salah satu komoditas yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman sela pada perkebunan tanaman kelapa sawit muda. Namun, rendahnya intensitas cahaya akibat naungan sering menjadi kendala untuk mencapai hasil tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui varietas kedelai yang toleran dan memiliki daya hasil tinggi bila dibudidayakan di bawah naungan tegakan tanaman sawit muda (umur ± 2,5 tahun). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga April 2020 di Desa Petaling, Kecamatan Mendo Barat, Kabupaten Bangka menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah, tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah kondisi lahan ternaungi dan tidak ternaungi. Anak petak terdiri atas lima varietas kedelai yaitu: Argomulyo, Anjasmoro, Grobogan, Burangrang, dan Demas 1.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tingkat naungan ±38%, varietas Demas 1 dan Anjasmoro lebih toleran dibandingkan varietas Argomulyo, Burangrang dan Grobongan. Varietas kedelai toleran terhadap naungan menghasilkan jumlah polong, jumlah biji, dan bobot biji per tanaman lebih tinggi dibandingkan varietas yang tidak toleran naungan.   
Optimization of Process Parameters on Surface Hardness and Energy Consumption in Milling of 7050 Aluminum Alloy using Enhanced NSGA-II
Authors: Yang Yang , Su Chen , Wang Hongsen , Wang Yuan , Shu Leshi
Published: December 2021

Aluminum alloy has high strength and light weight. It is widely used for aircraft fuselage, propellers and other parts which work under high load conditions. High-quality parts made of aluminum alloy processed by computerized numerical control (CNC) machine often have the characteristics of high cost in their processing. In order to achieve high surface quality and control processing costs, this article takes the workpiece surface hardness and machining energy consumption as targets. Intelligent optimization algorithm is used to find the optimal combination of milling parameters to obtain ideal targets. CNC milling parameter optimization is a multi-parameter, multi-objective, multi-constraint, discrete nonlinear optimization problem which is difficult to solve. For this challenge, an improved NSGA-II is presented, named enhanced population diversity NSGA-II (EPD-NSGA-II). EPD-NSGA-II is improved with the normal distribution crossover, adaptive mutation operator of differential evolution, crowding calculation method considering variance and modified elite retention strategy to achieve enhanced population diversity. 12 test functions are chosen for experimentation to verify the performance of the EPD-NSGA-II. The values of three evaluation indicators show that the proposed approach has good distribution and convergence performance. Finally, the approach is applied in the milling parameters optimization of 7050 aluminum alloy to get the optimal solutions. Results indicate that the EPD-NSGA-II is effective in optimizing the problem of milling parameters.
Bacterial over-expression of functionally active human CT2 (SLC22A16) carnitine transporter
Authors: Galluccio Michele , Mazza Tiziano , Scalise Mariafrancesca , Sarubbi Maria Chiara , Indiveri Cesare
Published: December 2021

I. Background: E. coli is a widely used tool for the over-expression of human proteins for studying structure and function. The toxicity of human proteins for E. coli often hampers the expression. This study aims to find conditions for the expression of a membrane transporter known as the carnitine transporter CT2. The knowledge on this transporter is scarce, thus obtaining the recombinant protein is very important for further studies. II. Methods and Results: The cDNAs coding for human CT2 (hCT2) was cloned in the pH6EX3 vector and different transformed E. coli strains were cultured in absence or in presence of glucose. hCT2 expression was obtained. The protein was purified and reconstituted into proteoliposomes in a functionally active state.III. Conclusions: using the appropriate IPTG concentration, together with the addition of glucose, hCT2 has been expressed in E. coli. The protein is active and shows capacity to transport carnitine in proteoliposomes. The results have a great interest in basic biochemistry of membrane transporters and applications to human health since hCT2 is involved in human pathology.
The role of serum Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein in the assessment of fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Tajiri Hitoshi , Suzuki Mitsuyoshi , Bessho Kazuhiko , Ito Yoshinori , Murakami Jun , Hatori Reiko , Brooks Stephen , Takano Tomoko , Miyoshi Yoko
Published: December 2021

BackgroundAt present non-invasive fibrosis markers are not available for assessment of liver fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis C. MethodsSixty-three children with chronic hepatitis C were included. Changes in Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein (M2BPGi) levels were evaluated in l3 of 27 treatment-naive patients during the observation period of the natural course of disease (median 4, range 3-6 years). Changes during treatment were evaluated in 27 of 36 patients for 4 (2-9) years of post-treatment follow-up. ResultsThere were significant differences in the levels of M2BPGi between the control group and HCV F0 group (P=0.002) and between the control group and HCV F1 group (P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that to detect stage F1 fibrosis cut off value was 0.95 for M2BPGi with sensitivity 52%, specificity 90%, and area under the curve 0.687. A substantial decrease in M2BPGi levels by treatment was shown from 0.98±0.57 at pre-treatment to 0.42±0.15 at post-treatment (P<0.001) in the 27 treated-patients. ConclusionsOur study shows new findings that M2BPGi may be useful to predict the presence of a mild degree of fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis C and such a mild fibrosis may be quickly resolved by antiviral therapies.
Molecular Detection of Bacterial Contamination in Blood Components Using Magnetic-based Enrichment
Authors: Lee Jinyeop , Abafogi Abdurhaman Teyib , Oh Sujin , Chang Ho Eun , Tepeng Wu , Lee Daekyu , Park Sungsu , Park Kyoung Un , Hong Yun Ji
Published: December 2021

Bacterial contamination of blood products is a major problem in transfusion medicine, in terms of both morbidity and mortality. Platelets (PLTs) are stored at room temperature (under constant agitation) for more than 5 days, and bacteria can thus grow significantly from a low level to high titers. However, conventional methods like blood culture and lateral flow assay have disadvantages such as long detection time, low sensitivity, and the need for a large volume of blood components. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays with antibiotic-conjugated magnetic nanobeads (MNBs) to detect enriched Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. The MNBs were coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to prevent aggregation by blood components. Over 80% of all bacteria were captured by the MNBs, and the levels of detection were 101 colony forming unit [CFU]/mL and 102 CFU/mL for Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, respectively. The detection time is < 3 h using only small volumes of blood components. Thus, compared to conventional methods, real-time PCR using MNBs allows for rapid detection with high sensitivity using only a small volume of blood components.
Panax Notoginseng Saponins Reverse Steroid Resistance in Lupus Nephritis: Involvement of the Suppression of Exosomal P-gp Levels From Lymphocytes to Glomerular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Pan Feng , Lu Ying
Published: December 2021

Backgrounds: Microangiopathy is the most basic pathological manifestation of lupus nephritis (LN), and glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) injury is an important pathological mechanism. LN patients with microangiopathy are prone to steroid resistance (SR). Our previous studies confirmed that Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) could reverse SR by downregulating the expression of P-gp in SR lymphocytes of LN mice (SLCsL/S). However, the mechanism of how circulating lymphocytes transmit SR information to GECs and thus affect the efficacy of kidney treatment is not clear. Recent studies have found that exosomes (exos) are an important carrier for intercellular bioactive substance communication. The aim of the study is to investigate whether exosomes derived from SLCsL/S mediate SR in GECs and PNS intervention.Methods: Exosomes isolated from SLCsL/S were characterized, and in vitro cell coculture was further conducted to investigate the effect of SLCsL/S-derived exosomes in the SR of GECs and PNS intervention. Sequencing was used to define the exosomal miRNA expression profiling of SR GECs. Moreover, the in vivo experiments were performed through the injection of exosomes extracted from SLCsL/S into the tail vein of mice.Results: In this study, we showed that exosomes derived from SLCsL/S could transmit SR information to GECs and lead to the aggravation of inflammatory injury through conferring P-gp, which were negated by a P-gp inhibitor. Further, we identified higher levels of exosomal miR-125b-5p from SR GECs were associated with SR in LN and could serve as biomarker for the risk of developing SR. PNS could reverse the SR of GECs and alleviate inflammatory injury by suppressing exosomal P-gp levels from lymphocytes to GECs in vitro and in vivo.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that exosomal transfer of SLCsL/S derived P-gp confer SR to GECs, and PNS can target exosome communication to reverse SR in LN, which provides new ideas and a scientific basis for improving the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of refractory LN.
Comparison of the Prognostic Value of Global and Regional Myocardial Flow Capacity Radius, Myocardial Flow Reserve, and Stress Myocardial Blood Flow Using Rubidium-82 with SiPM PET/CT
Authors: DIETZ Matthieu , Kamani Christel H , Allenbach Gilles , Rubimbura Vladimir , Fournier Stephane , Lalonde Marie Nicod , Schaefer Niklaus , Eeckhout Eric , Muller Olivier , Prior John O
Published: December 2021

Purpose

The aim of this study was to assess the most reliable quantitative variable on Rubidium-82 (82Rb) cardiac PET/CT for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), on the latest PET camera using silicon photomultipliers digital readout (SiPM) technology.
Methods

We prospectively enrolled 274 consecutive participants with suspected myocardial ischemia. Participants underwent 82Rb cardiac SiPM PET/CT and were followed-up for MACE over 652 days (interquartile range: 559 to 751 days). For each participant, global and regional myocardial flow reserve (MFR), stress myocardial blood flow (stress MBF) and their combination as myocardial flow capacity radius (MFC radius) were measured.
Results

On receiver operator curve analysis, MACE prediction was similar for global and regional MFR, stress MBF, and MFC radius (area under the curve; (i) Global: 0.70 vs. 0.71 and 0.73, and (ii) Regional: 0.71 vs. 0.71 and 0.73, respectively, p > 0.1 for all pairwise comparisons). On multivariable analysis, (i) Global: MFR < 1.98, stress MBF < 1.94 mL/g/min, and MFC radius < 3.12, as well as (ii) Regional: MFR < 1.75, stress MBF < 1.75 mL/g/min, and MFC radius < 2.7, emerged all as similar independent predictors of MACE (p < 0.001 for all).
Conclusions

Using the latest SiPM PET technology with 82Rb, global and regional MFR, stress MBF, and MFC radius are similar powerful predictors of cardiovascular event.
Corneal Epithelial Remodeling After Femtosecond Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis Combined with Intraoperative Accelerated Corneal Collagen Crosslinking for Myopia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Piao Junjie , Wang Shen , Tao Ye , Zhou Yue Hua , Li Ying
Published: December 2021

Background

This study analyzed regional corneal thickness remodeling, biomechanical properties, and visual outcomes after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis combined with intraoperative accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking (LASIK Xtra) for myopia.
Methods

This retrospective study comprised 21 consecutive patients (18 women and 3 men; 42 eyes) who were treated with LASIK Xtra. All treatments were performed with ultraviolet-A (energy, 2.7 J/cm2; irradiance, 30 mW/cm2), using continuous (90 s) illumination. Postoperative values of corneal biometrics and visual outcomes were compared with preoperative values. Corneal thickness changes were evaluated using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. All patients were followed up for 12 months postoperatively. Preoperative and postoperative data were compared statistically using the paired t-test for normally distributed parameters and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Friedman analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction for non-normally distributed data.
Results

Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) significantly improved at 6 months after surgery (P < 0.001). The central and inner regional corneal epithelial thickness significantly increased after LASIK Xtra (P < 0.05 for all), while peripheral corneal epithelial thickness remained stable at 12 months after surgery. There was also a statistically significant decreased in the stromal thickness at most locations (P < 0.05 for all), except in the outer superior and outer superior-temporal regions.
Conclusion

LASIK Xtra provided predictable postoperative UDVA, corneal curvature, and corneal biomechanical stability. Since the retrospective study results depended on the cohort members’ past information, it is inferred and confirmed that regular corneal thickness remodeling occurred after treatment.
Maximum Level of COVID-19 Vaccination in Rich and Democratic Countries, and in Other Political Systems
Authors: Coccia Mario
Published: December 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations play a main role in the immunization program of countries to decrease the numbers of COVID-19 related infected individuals and deaths. However, countries, after a certain share of people vaccinated against COVID-19 have to cope with vaccine hesitancy and resistance in population. One of the fundamental problems is the detection of the max share of people vaccinable between countries without the introduction of any rule that affects basic aspects of individual freedoms of people in public and private life. The study here confronts this problem with a global analysis based on N=150 countries, using relationships between socioeconomic, institutional and political variables, and levels of vaccination. Results reveal that the share of people vaccinated increases with the level of development (and democratization) of countries, achieving the maximum level of about 70%; beyond this level, the share of vaccination starts to decrease across countries. Moreover, findings reveal that governments with Monarchy and Parliamentary Monarchy have average share of people vaccinated higher than Mixed Executives. These main findings suggest that in developed and democratic countries the maximum level of vaccination has a physiological limit, but many Western (democratic) countries are applying restriction rules (e.g., green pass/vaccine passport) to overcome this max level reducing and regulating, at the same time, many aspects of public and private life of individuals. Discussion explains these sociopolitical phenomena with aspects of politics of fear, focused on deaths of COVID-19, and of strong leaders having domestic and international support that apply rules in contexts of social insecurity with consequential reduction of equity, trust and solidarity and increase of socioeconomic issues. All these results here could aid policymakers to prepare sustainable policy responses against COVID-19 in society without distressing basics of democracy with rules of autocratic systems that can generate economic and social deterioration, and problems for mental health and economic conditions of people in society.
Dominant climate drivers of wintertime severe particulate pollution in North China
Authors: Li Jiandong , Hao Xin , Liao Hong , Wang Yuhang , Cai Wenju , Li Ke , Yue Xu , Yang Yang , Chen Haishan , Mao Yuhao , Fu Yu , Chen Lei , Zhu Jia
Published: December 2021

Severe particulate pollution days (SPPDs, characterized by a daily mean PM2.5 concentration exceeding 150 μg m-3), which are extremely harmful to human health and the environment, occurred frequently in North China during the boreal winters of 2013–2019. SPPDs generally occur under conducive weather patterns (CWPs) characterized by a weakened East Asian Trough in the mid-troposphere, reduced winter northerlies in the lower troposphere, and a temperature inversion at the surface. The occurrence of CWPs has been attributed to variations in numerous climate factors (e.g., Arctic sea ice cover, sea surface temperature, and atmospheric teleconnections), but the dominant climate drivers remain inconclusive. Here, we show that the East Atlantic-West Russia (EA/WR) teleconnection pattern and the Victoria Mode (VM) of sea surface temperature anomalies are the first and second dominant climate drivers, respectively, leading to CWPs in North China through the zonal and meridional propagations of Rossby waves and explaining 36.3% and 18.5%, respectively, of the observed wintertime SPPDs in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. Our results suggest that, with the help of seasonal forecast from climate models, the indices of the EA/WR and VM can be used to predict wintertime SPPDs over Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.
Do Customers Adopt Auto Ijarah Financing? The Case of Pakistan
Authors: Syed Ali Raza  , Bushra Umer  , Muhammad Ali  , Muhammad Ashfaq
Published: December 2021

The present study examines the factors affecting customer intention to use auto financing (ijarah) in Pakistan. The research framework is constructed based on the theory of reasoned action, which explains behavioural intention and its determinants. The study incorporates the participation of 350 potential customers of auto ijarah in Pakistan. Data analysis was conducted with structural equation modelling (SEM), assessing the measurement, and structural model. The outcome indicates that attitude, perceived cost benefits, Sharia compliance, religious orientation, and subjective norm are the significant predictors of customer intentions. We also found a statistically insignificant association between awareness and customer intentions. The results hold significance for the Islamic banking and financial service providers. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the factors that contribute to the adoption of auto ijarah among potential Islamic bank customers.
REVIEW ON TAIL REGENERATION MECHANISM OF XENOPUS LAEVIS AND CLINOTARSUS CURTIPESAS A THERAPEUTIC MODEL FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
Authors:   Department Of Zoology, Sadakathullah Appa College (Atonomus), Rahmath Nagar, Tirunelveli-627001 Aflided To Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India., Sithijameela M. , Ramesh Kumar S. ,   Department Of Zoology, Sadakathullah Appa College (Atonomus), Rahmath Nagar, Tirunelveli-627001 Aflided To Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India., Sanjeetha Subin M. ,   Department Of Zoology, Sadakathullah Appa College (Atonomus), Rahmath Nagar, Tirunelveli-627001 Aflided To Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India., Marivignesh R. ,   Department Of Zoology, Sadakathullah Appa College (Atonomus), Rahmath Nagar, Tirunelveli-627001 Aflided To Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India., Zahir Hussain M.I. ,   Department Of Zoology, Sadakathullah Appa College (Atonomus), Rahmath Nagar, Tirunelveli-627001 Aflided To Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: December 2021

The augmentation of regenerative capability is a powerful method for pursuing for the regulation of degeneration, traumatic injury and cancer. The tadpole, Clinotarsus curtipes and Xenopus laevis is a significant model system for addressing the fundamental regeneration mechanism that enables to understand the key aspects of regeneration medicine. The selected creatures Clinotarsus curtipes and Xenopus laevis could able to obtain both tissue regeneration and scar free healing during larval stage in spite of its predominant loss of such ability during the metamorphic process. Such transient capability associated with the evolutionary correlation with humans creates Clinotarsus curtipes and Xenopus a very good attractive model for uncovering the functional regeneration mechanisms. The study analysed the existing literatures on change in the levels of ROS that is required for the proper wnt-signaling in every regeneration system. Apart from that the paper provided the comprehensive review on the histopathological view, regeneration signals like TGFÃƒÂƒÃ‚ÂŽÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â², FGF, BMP, Wnt etc for successful regeneration. Factors that affect the tail regeneration like O2 influx, epigenetics and HDAC activity have also been provided. Significant other such criteria like role of TRKA signaling, profiling and intracellular protein expression followed by its corresponding challenges adds value to the paper.The study presents an overview of Xenopus and Clinotarsus curtipesas a model organism for the research and highlighted the new insights.
CORRELATES OF MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY ENGLISH PERFORMANCE IN THE SYSTEM ADMISSION AND SCHOLARSHIP EXAMINATION (SASE) IN MSU COMMUNITY COLLEGES
Authors:   Mindanao State University, Marawi, Lanao Del Sur, 9700, Philippines., M. Malawani Zaman
Published: December 2021

The performance of students in the English concept is a crucial determinant of scholarship and success in the tertiary level of education. This study aimed at finding out the correlates of MSU English performance in the System Admission and Scholarship Examination (SASE) in MSU Community Colleges. Specifically, it has sought to describe the profile of teachers, secondary students, community colleges, and its correlation with the English performance of students. A descriptive-correlational design has been applied in the study and conducted within the 11 community colleges of the university. The secondary students as respondents were selected based on stratified random sampling and assisted to answer the researcher-made instrument. The frequency and percentage distribution, mean, standard deviation, and the correlational tool has been applied in the analysis of the data. Findings revealed that familys income, parents occupation, and the school facilities have been found to have a significant relationship with the SASE performance in English. Thus, these factors are crucial to consider in the analysis of the future performance of the secondary students to be admitted into the college. It is recommended that parents should assess their roles as active partners of the school in educating their children. They should be encouraged by the school to give priority in their activities to support and get involved in the school activities and in following up their childrens accomplishments. A speech laboratory shall promote various programs aimed at improving the performance of students in English. The English Elective Program as the existing program shall be optimized by all colleges of the university.
ANXIETY-DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION DURING A PERIOD OF CONFINEMENT IN MOROCCO
Authors:   Research Team of Psychiatry, Medicalpsychology and History of Medicine., Soukaina Stati , Ahmed Kharbach ,   Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology (LBRCE), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat., Leila Tbatou ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Aouatif Khalouk ,   Research Team of Psychiatry, Medicalpsychology and History of Medicine., Hind Nafiaa ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Majdouline Obtel ,   Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology (LBRCE), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat., Abderrazzak Ouanass ,   Research Team of Psychiatry, Medicalpsychology and History of Medicine.
Published: December 2021

Summary:Facedwith the spread of the coronavirus, the Moroccan population is in confinement, thisperiod of confinement isdifficult to live for all and especially for somevulnerable people, they are worried for theirhealth and that of theirfamilies, and theyriskhavingpsychologicalrepercussionsanxio- depressive, whichnegatively influences theirsocio-professional life. Objective: to measure the degree of depression and anxiety in the general population during a period of confinement Method: cross-sectional, descriptive and analyticalstudyconductedfrom 30 April to 10 August 2020, using a questionnaire, including the BECK scales for depression, the GAD (GeneralizedAnxietyDisorder) for anxiety Results: 632 responseswerecollected, of which 70.8% werewomen, 40.9% werebetween 18 and 30 yearsold, 47.8% were single, 76% hadhighereducation, 14.4% had a psychiatrichistory. 64.8% of the participants haddepression, of which 28.6% hadmilddepression, 24.3% hadmoderatedepression, 11.9% hadseveredepression and 8.3% hadanxiety. Age, presence of children, marital status, agreement to confinement, workduring confinement and type of occupation;presented a statisticallysignificantdifferencewith a P <0.005 between the 2 groups presenting or not a depression. Univariatelogisticregressionanalysisshowedthat the presence of anxiety (OR = 7.307; 95% CI: 2.4977 -21.379), and physicalpresence at the work site compared to the non-work group (OR = 0.5097; 95% CI: 0.2728 -0.950) wereindependentlyassociatedwith the occurrence of depression. Conclusion: Exploration of depression and anxietyconcludedthattherewas a definite impact of containment on the general population in Morocco. Research data are needed to developstrategies to reducepsychological impacts and psychiatricsymptomsduring the epidemic.
MALPRACTICE IN ORTHODONTICS - A REVIEW AND RECOMMENDATION TO OVERCOME THE SAME
Authors:   Research Scholar, Prof., & Head Department of Orthodontics, RMDCH., Bhaskar V. , Rajasigamani K. ,   Research Guide, Prof., Department of Orthodontics, RMDCH., Kurunji Kumaran K. ,   Prof., Department of Orthodontics, RMDCH., Arafath Mohamed ,   Prof., Department of Orthodontics, RMDCH., Santhanakrishnan K. ,   Associate Prof., Department of Orthodontics, RMDCH., Reddy Duvvuri S.N. ,   Associate Prof., Department of Orthodontics, RMDCH.
Published: December 2021

This article aims to describe some of the potential risks of orthodontic treatment which when neglected can lead to a malpractice lawsuit.In orthodontic practice,categories vary from informed consent or negligent non-disclosure,failure to diagnose,to gross negligence.This study focuses on creating awareness about the importance of informed consent before orthodontic procedure to avoid legal issues.Orthodontic failures do occur sometimes but it should be identified earlier and rectified.Consent should be seen as a process and any discussions should be fully and legibly recorded in the patient records. Key words: Malpractice, informed consent, hazards of orthodontic treatment, Negligence.
USE OF RHIZOBIUMBACTERIA TO INCREASE THE PRODUCTION OF FIVE TROPICAL LEGUMES WITH FORAGE POTENTIAL
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Campo Experimental Chetumal, Km 3.5 Carretera Chetumal - Bacalar, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico., Edgar Enrique Sosa-Rubio , Gilbert Jose Herrera-Cool ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Campo Experimental Chetumal, Km 3.5 Carretera Chetumal - Bacalar, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico., Maria Del Carmen Zavaleta-Cordova ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Campo Experimental Chetumal, Km 3.5 Carretera Chetumal - Bacalar, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico., Francisco Montoya-Reyes ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Campo Experimental Chetumal, Km 3.5 Carretera Chetumal - Bacalar, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
Published: December 2021

The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of the application of Rhizobium bacteria in the biomass production of forage legumes. Rhizobiumstrains were isolated and selected from the rhizosphere of five forage species. Characterization and subsequent cultivation were carried out to inoculate plants in a greenhouse. Subsequently, the biofertilizer was prepared to apply it to five forage legumes: C. ternatea, L. leucocephala, C. macrocarpum, M. pruriens and C. cajan. Plants were germinated in petri dishes and on substrate, after 10 days of germination, they were transplanted into Leonards Jugs and watered with distilled water. The plants were placed in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The evaluations were carried out every week measuring plant heightand at the end of the experiment root weigh, dry matter of aerial part and radicular volume. The best values obtained were in M. pruriens which showed from 49 to 50 cm of plant height. For cross inoculation in weight variable was observed that the strains from C. ternatea and L. leucocephala showed the best results with 0.22 and 0.25 g/plant respectively. Although the best data of dry matter of aerial part was observed in L. leucocephalawith 0.40 g, better response of Radicular volume and plant height was observed in strains that came from C. ternatea with 2 mL and 7 cm respectively. In this study it can be conclude that the use of biofertilizers can be an alternative for low-cost forage production, as long as it contains Rhizobium strains capable of associating with legumes and fixing atmospheric nitrogen.
INCIDENCE OF APICAL ROOT CRACK FORMATION AFTER ROTARY ROOT CANAL INSTRUMENTATION AT DIFFERENT INSTRUMENTATION LENGTHS USING PROTAPER UNIVERSAL, PROTAPER NEXT AND PROTAPER GOLD FILES - AN IN-VITRO STUDY
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune., Parate Anvesha , V Siddheswaran ,   Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka.
Published: December 2021

Aim: To evaluate the incidence of apical root crack formation after root canal preparation using ProTaper Universal (PTU), ProTaper Next (PTN) and ProTaper Gold (PTG) rotary file systems and compare the crack formation at various instrumentation lengths. Subjects and Methods: One hundred single rooted extracted mandibular premolar teeth were mounted in acrylic resin blocks after simulating periodontal ligament. The teeth were divided into four groups. Group I was instrumented using PTU, group II using PTN and group III using PTG rotary files, while group IV was left untreated, serving as a negative control group. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups: A, B and C instrumented till root canal length (RCL), RCL-1 and RCL+1. Root apex was sectioned horizontally 1-2mm from apical foramen and was stained with 1% methylene blue dye followed by stereomicroscopic evaluation to determine apical root cracks. The data was analyzed using chi-square, Shapiro Wilkinson and Cramers phi test. The significance level was set at P<0.05. Result: Significant difference was seen in percentage of cracks after instrumentation with PTU and PTG, while no significant difference with PTU and PTN. Specimen instrumented upto RCL-1 showed less cracks as compared to those instrumented upto RCL and RCL+1. Conclusion: PTG produced least number of cracks followed by PTN and PTU. Moreover, instrumentation at RCL-1 reduced the crack formation.
Relaciones interétnicas y cuidados de salud en comunidades mbya guaraní de Puerto Iguazú (Misiones, Argentina)
Authors: Lorenzetti Mariana Isabel , Lavazza Víctor Hugo
Published: December 2021

A través de la reconstrucción de las relaciones interétnicas entre las comunidades mbya guaraní, las agencias estatales y la población no indígena de Puerto Iguazú (Misiones), nos interesa analizar las dinámicas que adquieren las tramas sociales vinculadas a los cuidados de la salud y atención de los padecimientos. Consideramos que comprender dichos entramados en su configuración histórica y contextual es una vía ineludible para indagar los condicionamientos y la agencia de los sujetos, lo procesual y lo sincrónico de los vínculos establecidos respecto a la salud-enfermedad-atención entre las comunidades mbya guaraní y los diversos sectores sociales involucrados. Mediante un enfoque etnográfico de la situación de emergencia sanitaria desencadenada por el dengue durante los años 2015 y 2016, indagamos los modos en los que los vínculos sociales existentes inciden en el tratamiento de las problemáticas sanitarias y en la búsqueda de las formas de resolución. Entendemos que en el presente de salud de las comunidades mbya guaraní se conjuga el lugar social que se les ha asignado, las experiencias vividas y las estrategias de cuidados comunitarias.
Coleta automática em bases dados para repositórios digitais: o caso do repositório institucional UNESP
Authors: Vidotti Silvana Aparecida Borsetti Gregorio , Bastos Flávia Maria , Arakaki Felipe Augusto , Ferreira Juliano Benedito , Grisoto Ana Paula
Published: December 2021

O Repositório Institucional UNESP tem apresentado metodologias e resultados satisfatórios para comunidade, principalmente no desenvolvimento de tecnologias para inclusão de registros de forma automática. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar a proposta de coleta automática de metadados em diferentes bases de dados para alimentação do Repositório Institucional UNESP. Caracteriza-se como um estudo metodológico-aplicado, pois apresenta os processos utilizados e seus resultados das coletas para o Repositório Institucional UNESP. Foram apresentadas as diversas alternativas de coleta automáticas em bases de dados como Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, PubMed, Currículo Lattes, do catálogo Athena para inserção de registros no repositório e que serão integrados com o perfil ORCID dos docentes e pesquisadores da Unesp. Conclui-se que as coletas automáticas representaram um salto significativo para inclusão de registros no repositório, apresentando mais de 100 mil registros.