bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Policy Considerations regarding the Integration of Lusophone West African Immigrant Populations
Authors: Lartey Kezia , Lundy Brandon D.
Published: December 2018

On January 23, 2012, Resolution No. 3 enacted the National Immigration Strategy for the island nation of Cabo Verde, the first of its kind in the country. As a buffer nation to Western Europe with a rapidly developing economy and good governance indicators, Cabo Verde is transitioning from a sending and transit country to a receiving nation for African mainlanders, especially from Guinea-Bissau. How effective are these immigration policies at managing these changing mobility patterns? Are immigrants successfully integrating into host communities? How might integration be handled more effectively? This policy briefing reports integration successes and failures from ethnographic research and considers the effectiveness of Cabo Verde’s National Immigration Strategy based on these findings. Cabo Verde’s immigration policy targets structural reforms such as education, healthcare, and housing, while additional socio-cultural strategies encourage coexistence among neighbours. Three years out, our study observed positive effects, while also suggesting additional reforms.
An Attempt to Survive from Paralysis: Epiphanies in Dubliners
Authors: Golban Petru , Ozturk Goksel
Published: December 2018

Amid the complexity of concern of the modernist literary discourse in Britain, the thematic nucleus of James Joyce’s writings is formed by certain basic aspects of life, such as individuality, art, religion, nation, language, and his work shows the two hypostases of the author himself as accomplished artist and Irish citizen. In a troubled period in the history of Europe and of his own country, Joyce grasped the sense and the atmosphere of frustration, alienation, futility, chaos, and confusion. The concerns of Dubliners, his first important book, published in 1914, consist in rendering the political and social life of Dublin, the misery of human condition, the theme of exile, the problems of the individual’s existence in an urban background which Joyce saw as paralyzed and, like Eliot, as an expression of a period of crisis in the history of humanity. Joyce intended “to write a chapter of the moral history” of his country, and he chose Dublin as it seemed to him “the centre of paralysis” on different levels which he presented under four aspects: childhood, adolescence, maturity, and public life. All the fifteen stories of the book express life experiences of the characters that are of unpretentious standing, incapable to fulfil inner potentialities and to establish communication with others. At moments they experience relevant epiphanic realisations, seemingly due to some trivial incidents – by which they receive an apparent perspective of accomplishment – and though they attempt to escape the bonds of everyday life and of their trapping circle of existence, all they get is an acute sense of frustration, alienation, and entrapment. To reveal and compare the thematic status of the epiphany in the short stories with regard to various issues of individual existence and to the use of motifs and symbols that create an increasing complexity of ideas and subjective human reactions represents the main purpose and the essence of the content of the present study.
Malaysian nurses’ views: Local versus Transnational Higher Education
Authors: Arunasalam Nirmala Devi
Published: December 2018

This paper reports the findings of a study undertaken with Malaysian nurses who studied for a locally provided part-time post-registration top-up Nursing Degree versus those who studied on a Transnational Higher Education (TNHE) programme. Both types of programmes are bridging courses that allow registered nurses to upgrade their Diploma qualifications to Degree level. What is not sufficiently explored in available literature is nurses’ rationales for choosing a local programme over TNHE programme. Using hermeneutic phenomenology, six Malaysian nurses (chosen by snowball sampling method) were interviewed, in English and Bahasa Malaysia (Malaysian language). Thematic analysis was used to analyse data. The structure of the course and taught theory influenced the nurses’ choice to study on a local programme: the deciding factor was the practice component that ensured a theory-practice connection. The findings principally provide insights to TNHE providers and may guide them to enhance their teaching delivery, support and courses.
Motivational and perception changes in learning Japanese in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Akita Yuki
Published: December 2018

This study explores issues related to motivation and perception change towards learning Japanese among language students at the Universiti Brunei Darussalam. The aim of this study is to 1) explore students’ motivational change during the semester, 2) identify the factors that influence these changes, and 3) ascertain any changes to students’ perceptions regarding the difficulty in acquiring Japanese language skills. The questionnaire survey was conducted at the beginning and at the end of a 14–week semester. Findings show that the major motivating factor identified was the teacher and the major demotivating factor was difficulty of the language. It was also found that while students perceived writing skills were the most difficult at the beginning of the semester, their perception about difficulty has shifted to listening skills at the end of the semester.
CONFERENCE REPORT: The Migration Conference 2017 Athens, August 23-26, 2017 Harokopio University
Authors: De Freitas Castro Emília Lana , Sözen Ülkü Sezgi
Published: December 2018

According to the UN, in 2015 the number of international migrants was estimated on 244 million, which means that 3,3 percent of the world's population is on the move or live in a country other than his/her country of birth/origin. Globally, in 2014, the number of refugees was estimated approximately 20 million, which has been increasing since the so-called "refugee crisis" has started. This increase in the number of movers called attention to migration studies and approached the issue from a different perspective, under an international and interdisciplinary point of view. Therefore, the 5th edition of The Migration Conference has been organized in a fully inclusive way, bringing about 500 scholars, researches, representatives of policy making bodies, media, and NGOs all around the world together in Athens, Greece. The 6th edition of The Migration Conference in June 2018 at the University of Lisbon is expected to continue this tradition.
Living a good life from the perspectives of the Chinese migrants in Scotland
Authors: Cheng Caroline
Published: December 2018

The 2011 Census shows 34,000 Chinese people living in Scotland, making Chinese the second largest minority group residing in Scotland. Among them, the asylum and refugee population continue to be largely invisible in the service delivery in Glasgow, which has been the only dispersal area in Scotland since 1999. Remarkably little research has been carried out on the UK Chinese migrant community in the literature, and this study proposed to fill the gap of finding out the wellbeing of this population. The researcher investigated the factors contributing to the wellbeing of twenty-five Chinese migrants, who are either asylum seekers or refugees in Glasgow as the first stage of a wellbeing study, adopting the concepts from the Wellbeing in Developing Countries framework (White, 2008). The Indicators of Integration (Strang & Ager 2008) and the Social Capital Theory (Putnam 1995) were used as reference points to explore the understanding of well-being and social connections. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to find out the core constructs of wellbeing from the Chinese peoples perspectives and thematic analysis was used in data analysis. The top five themes that emerged were childrens education, employment and financial independence, health care, freedom of speech and association, and support from own ethnic group.
It takes more than translating a flier: Considerations in serving immigrants as victims of crime in a large Midwestern city
Authors: Yotebieng Kelly Ann , Steinman Kenneth J. , Phelps Lauren , Schoeppner Samantha , Wilkinson Deanna
Published: December 2018

Recent public discourse on the possible threats posed by immigrant populations as potential perpetrators of crime seems to ignore the accumulating scholarly literature that shows that immigrants have a documented crime reducing effect on the general population in the United States. Yet, immigrants themselves are placed at heightened risk for a wide variety of victimization experiences. Their needs as victims of crime have rarely been studied. This study aims to partially fill that void by investigating how service providers funded to assist victims of crime work with and attempt to meet the needs of immigrants, including large numbers of refugees, in one large Midwest city. The states Attorney Generals office supported a needs assessment that included a focus on the needs of victims from immigrant (and other) underserved populations. We conducted 21 semi-structured interviews with key informants who had varying degrees of expertise serving crime victims from immigrant communities across the state. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, coded and analyzed using a collaborative, team-based approach. Our analysis describes the challenges faced by service providers serving immigrant victims and recommends directions for future research and policy.
Japon Ahlak Eğitimi: Erdemli Yaşam İçin Rol Modeli
Authors: Kahraman Cahit
Published: December 2018

“Good-hearted person” is referred to a personality with good morals, who is fair, decent and neat. In order to raise a good hearted person, or for a person to have good virtues, it is necessary to mention the significance or sublimity of these values. When asked how is raised a person with morals in Japan, İnazo Nitobe stated that what teaches these values are Bushido warrior codes. With Confucianism prevailing in Edo period (1603-1868), Shushin education taught how to do good deed. Confucius’ work “Daigaku” specifies four main factors for the ruling of the country: These can be explained as “Shushin” (self-nurturing), “Seika” (family nurturing), “Chikoku” (protecting the homeland) and “Heitenka” (endless respect for the Emperor). Prior to the World War II many values of good morals have been a part of Shushin education and since the first grade of the primary school was taught how to become a good Japanese.  In 1945, Shushin education was ceased by the Allied Forces. In the 1960’s, considering that they lost Japaneseness and Japanese soul in their character, the Japanese made three month Seishin (spirituality) education mandatory for every employee. In the present day Japan, Dōtoku (Moral Knowledge Course) is provided from the primary to high school. As work life starts this education continues with Kyöyö (Workplace Training) journals. This study is an analysis of Dōtoku coursebooks and some workplace journals.
Migration and Integration: Austrian and California Experiences with Low-Skilled Migrants
Authors: Biffl Gudrun , Martin Philip L.
Published: December 2018

This paper examines migrant-integration policies and outcomes in Austria and California, with a special focus on recently arrived low-skilled migrants. Unlike native-born workers, who form a broad diamond shape when arrayed by their level of education to reflect the large share who have completed secondary school but did not earn university degrees, foreign-born workers have more of an hourglass or barbell shape, including some who have more than a first university degree and many who have not completed secondary school. Austria promotes a stepwise approach to the labor market integration of recently arrived refugees, viz, language and skills training before employment, under the theory that investing in people first will raise their long-run earnings. California expects newly arrived migrants to use family and social networks to find jobs and housing to support themselves without government assistance.
Beyond the Porte de Saint-Denis: Looking inside the 10th arrondissement of Paris
Authors: Hasırcıoğlu Ecem , Yıldırım Galip Emre
Published: December 2018

Beyond the famous Porte de Saint-Denis, there is a “multiethnic” world, the Turks, the Kurds, the Arabs, the Indians, the Pakistanis cohabit and run their business in the same economic area. Despite the multi ethnical image, that district has a common reputation: “quartier turc”. In this purpose, this paper aims to present the presence of various social groups at the 10th arrondissement of Paris, particularly those who come from Turkey. The restaurants, the barbershops, the halal butcher shops or the grocery stores, placed side by side, show the diversity of the multiple forms of their economic integration. Turkish origin individuals who live and work at the 10th district, have different backgrounds, stories and reasons to settle down in Paris. In the light of this, we argue three types of migration from Turkey: first, work migration during the late 60’s; second, political refugees due to political context in the 80’s; and third cultural radiance (rayonnement culturel), as a new model, which encourages the educational and cultural mobilization of high skilled individuals. Each type of migration is related to the different models of the French migration policies. In this respect, we think that the field research based on the in-depth interviews will help us to discover their “migrant” universe. Focusing on a specific neighbor, known as “quartier turc”, this study attempts to analyze the migration stories, and the social, economic and political integration of those Turkish origin social groups at the 10th arrondissement of Paris.
The Readmission Agreement of Turkey
Authors: Çınar Evrim
Published: December 2018

The irregular migration flows in the last decade from countries, where there are social unrest, civil wars and economic turmoil, towards developed western countries are one of the most populated human movements since the WWII. Hence each immigration flow has its own characteristics, the current irregular flows reveal a new migration outcome; the balance between State Security and Migrant Security. Since the migration policies are control based in some destination countries, they take precaution in order to reduce the irregular immigration flows by signing bilateral readmission agreements with 3rd countries. In that respect, Turkey and European Union relations in terms of irregular migration flows play a crucial and critical role due to its condition of transit migration state. The European Union accession process brought Turkey heavy duties. Controlling and preventing irregular migration became an obligation to its membership and to achieve its goals Turkey signed a readmission agreement with European Union. However, as any method of preventing irregular migration flows, Readmission Agreement of Turkey effect the balance between destination country security and irregular migrant security, especially refugees and asylum seekers rights. The main goal of this article is to find an answer to this question: does the Readmission Agreement of Turkey provide a balance between State Security and Migrant Security? This article intends to analyze the adverse security conditions of irregular migrants and state security compulsions.
Gypsy Intermediaries Guide the Stranger: Bringing Reciprocity, Some Misunderstanding, but Protection from Outsiders
Authors: Okely Judith
Published: December 2018

An independent Gypsy and policy project inspired unexpected controversy from both the Research Centre and State. Committed to ethnographic long-term fieldwork, the anthropologist eventually succeeded in living on Gypsy sites. She was guided by key individuals- here recalled, celebrated and contextualized. These Associates were all literate in a then largely non-literate culture. As intermediaries, they could point to specific challenges across the cultural divide. The future author, wherever possible, hoped to reciprocate their gifts of knowledge and know-how. Select readings of early “Gypsiologists” and pioneering anthropologists proved insightful. Countering populist stereotypes in the dominant majority society, all the Gypsies encountered in fieldwork were protectors of that young woman. This was in contrast to a few maverick outsiders, invariably from other disciplines, who seemingly resented a female intruder on “their” territory and specialism.EDITORS' NOTE: This is a revised version of the paper following a minor editorial redaction dated 20/06/2017.
Editorial
Authors: Van Bruinessen Martin , Zeydanlıoğlu Welat , Sirkeci Ibrahim , Jongerden Joost , Klein Janet
Published: December 2018

Kurdish studies have, in the past few decades, come to be established as a respectable field of academic investigation and publication, after long having been as marginal in academia as the Kurds themselves were in the politics of the Middle East. The received wisdom, in many Western academic institutions, was that it was essential to retain access to the “field” and that permits to carry out field research in such pro-Western and relatively accessible countries as Turkey and Iran would continue to be granted as long as scholars stayed away from sensitive issues – and the Kurds were definitely one of the most sensitive of those issues. Turkey and Iran, Iraq and Syria perceived their Kurdish citizens as a major security issue, and scholarly interest in the Kurds aroused suspicions of imperialist meddling in Arab, Persian or Turkish affairs.
Book Reviews
Authors: Klein Janet , Romano David , Gunter Michael M. , Jongerden Joost , İnce Atakan , Casier Marlies
Published: December 2018

Uğur Ümit Üngör, The Making of Modern Turkey: Nation and State in Eastern Anatolia, 1913-1950, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011, 352 pp. (ISBN: 9780199603602).Mohammed M. A. Ahmed, Iraqi Kurds and Nation-Building. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012, 294 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-137-03407-6), (paper). Ofra Bengio, The Kurds of Iraq: Building a State within a State. Boulder, CO and London, UK: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2012, xiv + 346 pp., (ISBN 978-1-58826-836-5), (hardcover). Cengiz Gunes, The Kurdish National Movement in Turkey, from Protest to Resistance, London: Routledge, 2012, 256 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415—68047-9). Aygen, Gülşat, Kurmanjî Kurdish. Languages of the World/Materials 468, München: Lincom Europa, 2007, 92 pp., (ISBN: 9783895860706), (paper).Barzoo Eliassi, Contesting Kurdish Identities in Sweden: Quest for Belonging among Middle Eastern Youth, Oxford: New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, 234 pp. (ISBN: 9781137282071).
Editorial
Authors: Van Bruinessen Martin
Published: December 2018

Almost a century ago, Memduh Selim wrote in the Kurdish magazine Jîn, which appeared in Istanbul, about the importance of festivals and commemorations for national awareness, and he urged the Kurds to follow the example of other nations and cultivate their national days. The mobilising potential of such celebrations and the various symbols associated with them has been amply proven in the case of the Kurds. As the major festivals to be celebrated, Memduh Bey mentioned Kurdish New Year (sersal) and the day of Kawa the Blacksmith, the hero who slew the tyrannical king Zahhak. He believed that the latter day was to be celebrated towards the end of summer. Later generations joined the symbol of Kawa’s uprising to the spring festival, making Newroz/Nowruz a festival of rebirth, resistance and liberation. Although other Iranian and Turkic peoples also celebrate Nowruz, the day has acquired a distinct symbolic meaning for the Kurds. The festival and the myth associated with it are shared by Kurds of all countries; it has become a core aspect of Kurdish identity as well as a symbol of the Kurdish struggle against oppression.
Obituary: Prof Dr Ol’ga Zhigalina (1946–2013)
Authors: Omarkhali Khanna
Published: December 2018

This is an obituary for Professor Ol’ga Ivanovna Zhigalina, the well-known Russian Kurdologist and Iranist and director of the Kurdish Cabinet at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Science (Institút vostokovédenija Rossíjskoj akadémii naúk) in Moscow, who sadly passed away at her place of work on 23rd October, 2013. Over four decades Professor Zhigalina made an immense contribution to the field of Kurdology and the modern history of the Kurds, and her work continues to resonate in this field.
Book Reviews
Authors: Flader Ulrike , Ecarius-Kelly Vera , SCALBERT-YÜCEL Clemence , Gunter Michael M. , Bahcheli Tozun , ÇOBAN Ethem
Published: December 2018

Cengiz Gunes and Welat Zeydanlıoğlu (eds.), The Kurdish Question in Turkey: New Perspectives on Violence, Representation and Reconciliation, London: Routledge, 2014, 288 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415-83015-7).Almas Heshmati and Nabaz T. Khayyat, Socio-Economic Impacts of Landmines in Southern Kurdistan, Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2013, 341 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-4438-4198-6).Estelle Amy de la Bretèque, Paroles Mélodisées: Récits épiques et lamentations chez les Yézidis d’Arménie (Melodised speech. Heroic songs and laments among the Yezidis of Armenia), Paris: Classiques Garnier, 2013, 230pp., (ISBN: 978-2-8124-0787-1).Diane E. King, Kurdistan on the Global Stage: Kinship, Land, and Community in Iraq, New Brunswick and London: Rutgers University Press, 2014. 286 pp., (ISBN: 9780813563534).Michael M. Gunter and Mohammed M.A. Ahmed (eds.), The Kurdish Spring: Geopolitical Changes and the Kurds, Costa Mesa: Mazda Publishers, 2013, 344 pp., (ISBN: 978-1568592725).Derya Bayır, Minorities and Nationalism in Turkish Law, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing House, 2013, 314 pp., (ISBN: 9781409420071).
Book Reviews
Authors: Westrheim Kariane , Gunter Michael , Koc Yener , Aykan Yavuz , King Diane E. , Tejel Jordi , Jongerden Joost , Bruinessen Martin Van
Published: December 2018

Adem Uzun, “Living Freedom”: The Evolution of the Kurdish Conflict in Turkey and the Efforts to Resolve it. Berghof Transitions Series No. 11. Berlin: Berghof Foundation, 2014. 48 pp., (ISBN: 978-3-941514-16-4).Ebru Sönmez, Idris-i Bidlisi: Ottoman Kurdistan and Islamic Legitimacy, Libra Kitap, Istanbul, 2012, 190 pp., (ISBN: 978-605-4326-56-3). Sabri Ateş, The Ottoman–Iranian Borderlands: Making a Boundary, 1843-1914, New York; Cambridge University Press, 2013. 366., (ISBN: 978-1107033658).  Choman Hardi, Gendered Experiences of Genocide: Anfal Survivors in Kurdistan-Iraq. Farnham, Surrey and Burlington Vermont: Ashgate, 2011, xii + 217 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-7546-7715-4).Harriet Allsopp, The Kurds of Syria: Political Parties and Identity in the Middle East, London and New York, I.B. Tauris, 2014, 299 pp., (ISBN: 978-1780765631).Khanna Omarkhali (ed.), Religious Minorities in Kurdistan: Beyond the Mainstream [Studies in Oriental Religions, Volume 68], Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2014, xxxviii + 423 pp., (ISBN: 978-3-447-10125-7).Anna Grabole-Çeliker, Kurdish Life in Contemporary Turkey: Migration, Gender and Ethnic Identity, London: I.B. Taurus, 2013, 299 pp., (ISBN: 978-1780760926).
Editorial
Authors: Van Bruinessen Martin
Published: December 2018

Scholarship on the Kurdish diaspora is a relatively new but rapidly expanding field, with approaches from such disciplines as migration and minority studies, transnationalism, social psychology and education, multiculturalism, social movement studies as well as comparative diaspora studies. We are pleased to present a special issue dedicated to this youngest branch of Kurdish studies, after an earlier special issue last year (Vol. 2 No. 2) dedicated to what is probably the oldest branch, Kurdish linguistics. Our guest editors, Bahar Başer, Ann-Catrin Emanuelsson and Mari Toivanen, have already made their mark with pioneering studies of the Kurdish diaspora, and we thank them for their efforts in preparing this issue.
Islamic revivalism and Kurdish nationalism in Sheikh Ubeydullah’s poetic oeuvre
Authors: Soleimani Kamal
Published: December 2018

This article investigates Sheikh Ubeydullah of Nehri’s Kurdish-Islamic revivalist project based on a close reading of his Mesnewi. This article primarily focuses on the fusion of the Sheikh’s Islamic revivalism with his Kurdish nationalism in his poetic work. A close reading of the Mesnewi leaves no doubt that in the mind of his author both the future of Kurds and that of his revivalist project depended on the creation of an independent state.ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIVejîna dînî û neteweyî ya kurdî di dîwana şi’rên Şêx ‘Ubeydullahê Nehrî deEv nivîsar lêkolînek e li ser bîr û bernameya Şêx ‘Ubeydullahê Nehrî ya vejîna dînî û kurdî bi rêya tehlîlkirina berhema wî ya bi navê Mesnewî. Nivîsar bi taybetî dikeve dû têgihiştina têkilbûna hizrên vejîna îslamî û netewegeriya kurdî di şi’rên Şêx ‘Ubeydullahî de. Xwendineke hûrbînane ya Mesnewîyê çu şikekê tê de nahêle ku li gor nivîskarê wê berhemê, hem paşeroja kurdan û hem jî bernameya wî ya vejîna îslamî bi damezrandina dewleteke serbixwe ya kurdî ve girêdayî bûn.     ABSTRACT IN SORANI
Language shift among Kurds in Turkey: A spatial and demographic analysis
Authors: Zeyneloglu Sinan , Sirkeci Ibrahim , Civelek Yaprak
Published: December 2018

This study explores language shift and interregional migration among Turkey’s Kurdish-origin population using census data as well as TDHS data. First, the geographical retraction of the Kurdish language between 1945 and 1965 is depicted using respective censuses as data sources. Second, patterns of intergenerational language shift and the effects of migration and education on this shift are elaborated utilising 2003 TDHS data and the 2000 Census data. Interregional mobility by birth regions and language concentration across Turkey has also been mapped. The Kurdish population in Turkey appears to be on the verge of near-universal bilingualism prompting concerns about the future of the language.ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIGuherîna zimanî di nav kurdan de li Tirkiyeyê: Nirxandineke mekanî û demografîkEv xebat, bi rêya tehlîlkirina daneyên serjimêriyê û herwiha daneyên TDHSyê, dikeve pey têgihiştina guherîna zimanî û koçberiya nav-herêmî di nav nufûsa kurd-regez a Tirkiyeyê de. Pêşiyê, bertengbûna coxrafî ya zimanê kurdî di navbera 1945 û 1965an de bi rêya tehlîla daneyan hatiye nîşandan. Paşê, awa û qalibên ziman-guheriya ji nifşekî bo nifşê din û tesîra koçberî û perwerdeyê li ser wê guherînê hatine nirxandin bi rêya bikaranîna daneyên TDHSya 2003yan û serjimêriya 2000an. Herwiha, hereketa mirovan ya ji herêmekê bo herêmeke din li gor herêma wan a jidayikbûnê, û paye û belavbûna zimanan li seranserê Tirkiyeyê hatiye bi nexşekirin. Wisa diyar e ku gelê kurd li Tirkiyeyê li ber duzimaniyeke seranserî ye, ku ev yek fikaran li dor paşeroja zimanî durist dike.ABSTRACT IN SORANI
Making sense: research as active engagement
Authors: Jongerden Joost
Published: December 2018

When research gives voice to groups or people who are considered “deviant” this can lead to the charge that research is biased. In this paper, I will discuss the issue of bias in relation to my own work on the PKK. I will argue that the accusation of bias is related to a hierarchy of voices, in which some voices are considered more credible than others. I will furthermore argue that when we want to understand how particular actors make sense of themselves, their being in the world, and their interaction with others, then clearly, there is no other option but to observe their perspective.
Book Reviews
Authors: Kurdish Studies Kurdish Studies
Published: December 2018

David L. Phillips, The Kurdish Spring: A New Map of the Middle East, New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 2015. 268 pp., (ISBN-13: 978-1412856805).Bedross Der Matossian, Shattered Dreams of Revolution: From Liberty to Violence in the Late Ottoman Empire, Stanford, California : Stanford University Press, 2014, 264 pp., (ISBN: 9780804791472).  Yaniv Voller, The Kurdish Liberation Movement in Iraq: From Insurgency to Statehood, Oxon: Routledge, 2014, 190 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415-70724-4).Özlem Galip, Imagining Kurdistan: Identity, Culture and Society, London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 2015, 311 pp., (ISBN: 978 1 78453 016 7).Mahir A. Aziz, The Kurds of Iraq: Nationalism and Identity in Iraqi Kurdistan, London and New York:  I.B. Taurus, 2015, 163 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-78453-273-4).
Editorial
Authors: Van Bruinessen Martin
Published: December 2018

The travellers, diplomats, missionaries and academics who have written on the Kurds have always shown a remarkable fascination with the Yezidis. The great Ottoman traveller Evliya Çelebi, who in the mid-seventeenth century wrote so extensively on diverse aspects of Kurdish culture, social life and political organisation that he may well be called the first Kurdologist, was also one of the first to write some tantalising observations on customs and practices of the Yezidis he encountered. He also reports in some detail on two punitive campaigns mounted by Ottoman governors against the Yezidis of Sinjar, in one of which he played a minor role himself. Christian missionaries based in Kurdistan were drawn to the Yezidis as the major non-Muslim and non-Christian community and fascinated by what they understood of its elusive theology. Two of the founders of West European academic Kurdology, C. J. Edmonds and Roger Lescot, devoted some of their major work to the Yezidis, and most Kurdish experts have felt the need to pay due attention to the Yezidi religion. Several of the ideologists of Kurdish nationalism, finally, have elevated the Yezidis to the status of most authentic Kurds. For more has been written about the Yezidis and their religion than about the religious practices and institutions of the Muslim Kurds, reflecting a bias among both foreign academics and secular Kurdish nationalists.
Book reviews
Authors: Studies Kurdish
Published: December 2018

Twana Faris Bawa, The Privatisation of Security in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. University of Buckingham Press, 2014, 305 pp., (ISBN 978-1-908684-51-6).Marianna Charountaki, The Kurds and US Foreign Policy: International Relations in the Middle East since 1945, Routledge, London and New York, 2011, 320 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415-58753-2).Ramazan Aras, The Formation of Kurdishness in Turkey. Political Violence, Fear and Pain, Oxon and New York: Routledge, 2014. xii + 227 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415-82418-7).Senem Aslan, Nation-Building in Turkey and Morocco: Governing Kurdish and Berber Dissent, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015, 250 pp., (ISBN: 1107054605).Michael M. Gunter, The Kurds: A Modern History. Princeton, New Jersey: Markus Weiner Publishers, 2015, 236 pp., (ISBN: 1558766154).Djene Rhys Bajalan and Sara Zandi Karimi (eds.), Studies in Kurdish History: Empire, Ethnicity and Identity, London: Routledge, 2015, 179 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-138-88468-7).
What's old is new again: A study of sources in the Šarafnāma of Šaraf Xān Bidlīsī (1005-7/1596-99)
Authors: Alsancakli Sacha
Published: December 2018

The Šarafnāma of Šaraf Xān (949-1009/1543-1600), prince of Bidlīs, was composed in 1005-7/1596-99 and is arguably the most important work on Kurdish history. It displays an uninterrupted chain of transmission from its composition to the present time, and nearly two centuries have passed since it was "discovered" and studied by Orientalists. Still, many aspects of the Šarafnāma have yet to be studied, including the work's sources and how they were utilised by Šaraf Xān. This article aims to be a contribution to the study of this particular aspect, through identifying the historians who inspired Šaraf Xān, and providing an analysis of his methodology and approach to the sources.ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIYa kevn di ya nû de dîsa: Lêkolînek li ser Şerefnameya Şeref Xan Bidlîsî (1005-7/1596-99)Şerefnameya Şeref Xan (949-1009/1543-1600) ê mîrê Bidlîsê di salên 1005-7/1596-99 de hat nivîsandin û li nav berhemên herî hêja yên dîroka kurdî cih digire. Ji dema weşandina wê ta îro, ew bê navber hat kopîkirin; wekî din, nêzî dused sal bi ser “kefşkirina” wê û xebatên “rojhilatnasan” ên li ser wê re buhorîn. Dîsa jî, pêwîstiya gelek aliyên Şerefnameyê bi lêkolînên zêde heye, di nav wan de çavkaniyên berhemê û bikaranîna wan ji hêla Şeref Xan ve. Mebesta vê nivîsarê jî ew e ku li ser vê meseleya taybet lêkolîneke bi feyde pêşkêş bike, ango bikeve hewla diyarkirina dîroknasên ku Şeref Xan ilhama xwe ji wan wergirtiye û, her weha, rêbaza wî û awayê bikaranîna wî ya çavkaniyan tehlîl bike.ABSTRACT IN SORANIKon le nwê da dîsanewe: Lêkollîneweyk le merr Şerefnamey Şeref Xan Bidlîsî (1005-7/1596-99)Şerefnamey Şeref Xan (949-1009/1543-1600), mîrî Bidlîs, le salanî 1005-7/1596-99 da nûsrawe w yekêk le şiyawtirîn berhemekanî mêjûy kurdîye. Em berheme le demî dananî hetakû êsta be berdewamî nesx kirawe. Nizîkey dused sall be ser “dozînewey” û xebatekanî rojhellatnasan le ser em berhemey têper bûwin, bellam, hêştaş zor layenî Şerefname pêwîste lêkollînewe le ser bikrêt, wekû serçawekanî em berheme w bekarhênanyan le layen Şeref Xanewe. Amancî em wutareş ewe ke le merr em babete lêkollîneweyêkî sûdmend pêşkêş bika, be rêgay destnîşankirdinî mêjûnûsanî ke îlhamyan be Şeref Xan bexşîwe, w be hellsengandinî rêbaz û boçûnî ew sebaret be serçawekan.
Editorial
Authors: Bajalan Djene Rhys , Zeydanlioglu Welat
Published: December 2018

The three articles published in this issue cover a wide range of topics. Sociologist Joost Jongerden’s article, “A spatial perspective on political group formation in Turkey after the 1971 coup: The Kurdistan Workers’ Party of Turkey (PKK)”, examines the Kurdistan Revolutionaries, the milieu from which the PKK emerged in 1978. The second article in our October issue shifts focus to the Kurdish diaspora in Europe. Psychologists Ruth Kevers, Peter Rober and Lucia De Haene in their collaborative piece titled “The role of collective identifications in family processes of post-trauma reconstruction: An exploratory study of Kurdish refugee families and their diasporic community”, engage in the study of a group of five families in Belgium. The third article in our issue is titled “Kurds in the USSR, 1917-1956” and penned by J. Otto Pohl, a historian of the Soviet Union.
Kurdish Studies in Russian Language: 1917-2017
Authors: Sirkeci Ibrahim , Přívara Andrej
Published: December 2018

Kurdish Studies, as an academic field, seems today to be dominated by English and Turkish-language literature. Little is known about the volume of literature that has been produced (and is available) in Russian, an important world language spoken across a vast geographic space in regions not far from Kurdish lands. In this review, we have explored this published literature by using searches in Google Scholar. We present the results of this inquiry, as a simple inventory which shall serve to acknowledge and highlight the Russian-language scholarship on the Kurds, Kurdish and Kurdistan. It shows that access to this scholarship is paramount if we want to arrive at a more global understanding of the issues related to the Kurds and Kurdish studies.
Theorising women and war in Kurdistan: A feminist and critical perspective
Authors: Begikhani Nazand , Hamelink Wendelmoet , Weiss Nerina
Published: December 2018

In this introductory article to the special issue Women and War in Kurdistan, we connect our topic to feminist theory, to anthropological theory on war and conflict and their long-term consequences, and to theory on gender, nation and (visual) representation. We investigate Kurdish women’s victimisation and marginalisation, but also their resistance and agency as female combatants and women activists, their portrayal by media and scholars, and their self-representation. We offer herewith a critical perspective on militarisation, women’s liberation, and women’s experiences in times of war and peace. We also introduce the five articles in this issue and discuss how they contribute to the study of women and war in two main areas: the wide-reaching effects of war on women’s lives, and the gendered representation and images of war in Kurdistan. ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIBîrdoza jin û şer li Kurdistanê. Perspektîveke femînîst û rexnegirîDi vê nivîsara danasîner a hejmara taybet a li ser Jin û Şer li Kurdistanê de, em mijarê behsê bi bîrdoza femînîst, bîrdoza mirovnasiyê ya şer û pevçûnan û encamên wan yên demdirêj, û bîrdoza zayend, netewe û nîşane (ya ditinî) ve girêdidin. Em li ser vederkirin û mexdûrkirina jinên kurd lêkolînê dikin, her wekî meseleya berxwedan û îradeya şervanên jin û çalakvanên mafên jinan, û pirsên ku çawa medya û lêkolîner qala wan dikin û çawa ew jî xwe didin nîşan. Em her weha perspektîveke li ser leşkerîkirin, azadkirina jinan û tecrubeyên jinan di heyamên şer û aştiyê de pêşberî xwendevanan dikin. Di ber re, em danasîna her pênc nivîsarên vê hejmarê jî dikin û girîngiya wan a ji bo lêkolînên jin û şerî di du warên sereke de guftûgo dikin: encamên berfireh yên şer li ser jiyana jinan, û nîşane û dimenên zayendî yên şer li Kurdistanê. ABSTRACT IN SORANIBe Tiyorîkirdinî rewşî jinan û ceng le Kurdistan: Goşenîgayekî fêmînîstî w rexnegiraneLem çend wutare da, ke melefêkî taybete be jinan û ceng le Kurdistan, hewlman dawe ke kogîrîyek bikeyn le ruwangey fêmînîstî w tiyorîy antropolojî leser ceng û milmilanê w akame dirêjxayenekanyan le layek û herweha tiyorîy regez, netewe w têruwanînî nwênerêtîkirdin le layekî dîke. Ême xwêndineweman kirdûwe bo kêşey bequrbanîbûn û perawêzxistinî jinan. Le heman kat da mijarî berxodan û xorêxistinî jinan wek cengawer û çalakanî mafî jinan û wêney ewan le rageyandin û lenêw lêkolînewe zanistiyekan û têruwanînî xoşyan da. Ême herweha têruwanînî rexnegiraneman leser mijarî çekdarî, azadîy jinan û ezmûnî jinan le katî ceng û aştî da xistote rû. Lem melefe taybete da, pênc wutarman pêşkêş kirdûwe w eweman nîşan dawe keçon le dû layenî giringewe tîşk xirawete ser mijareke: karîgerîy firawanî ceng le ser jiyanî jinan, herweha nuwandin û wêney regezî jinan le ceng le Kurdistan da.
Editorial
Authors: Bajalan Djene Rhys , Zeydanlıoğlu Welat
Published: December 2018

In this issue of Kurdish Studies, the eleventh since our first publication five years ago, we are again fortunate to have a thought-provoking collection of pieces covering a variety of different topics pertaining to the culture, history, and politics of the Kurds. This issue includes two original pieces written by Sacha Alsancakli and Aram Rafaat respectively, as well as a translation by Ethem Çoban of Joachim von Elbe’s 1929 piece Der englisch-türkische Mossulkonflikt [The English-Turkish Conflict of Mosul].
Immigration and the tech industry: As a labour shortage remedy, for innovation, or for cost savings?
Authors: Matloff Norman
Published: December 2018

The two main reasons cited by the U.S. tech industry for hiring foreign workers--remedying labour shortages and hiring "the best and the brightest"--are investigated, using data on wages, patents, and R&D work, as well as previous research and industry statements. The analysis shows that the claims of shortage and outstanding talent are not supported by the data, even after excluding the Indian IT service firms. Instead, it is shown that the primary goals of employers in hiring  foreign workers are to reduce labour costs and to obtain "indentured" employees. Current immigration policy is causing an ‘Internal Brain Drain’ in STEM.
When the exception becomes the rule: The Spanish citizenship regime
Authors: Finotelli Claudia , La Barbera MariaCaterina
Published: December 2018

The Spanish citizenship regime is considered to be one of the most restrictive in Europe. In this paper, we argue that our understanding of Spanish legislation with respect to citizenship and its functioning requires a more nuanced approach. To this end, we focus on the exceptional rules that elude the usual naturalization requirements and allow fast-track naturalization for privileged nationals. Our primary goal is not simply to reconceptualise the Spanish citizenship regime but also to show how heritage-based rules, combined with intense migration flows, have prompted selection mechanisms that contradict the de-ethnicisation process allegedly underway in liberal states.
Challenges to immigrant associations and NGOs in contemporary Greece
Authors: Papadopoulos Apostolos G. , Chalkias Christos , Fratsea Loukia-Maria
Published: December 2018

The paper explores the challenges faced today, in a context of severe economic crisis, by immigrant associations (ΙΜΑs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Greece. The data analysed here was collected between October 2009 and February 2010 and incorporates references to all recorded migration-related social actors operating in Greece. The paper takes into account such indicators as legal form, objectives, financial capacity and geographical range of activity, concluding with a typology of civil society actors dealing with migration issues. This study aims at informing the migration policymaking and migrant integration processes. By a spatial hot-spot clustering of IMAs and NGOs, we also illustrate the concentration patterns of civil society actors in Greece.
Managing immigration: A review of some past projections
Authors: Lowell B. Lindsay
Published: December 2018

International migration may not be amenable to expert knowledge and projections are often unreliable. Three examples of projections suggest failures regardless of scale, timeline or method: trend mechanics failed to anticipate the rapid rebound in temporary visas after the socioeconomic shocks of 2001, alternate assumptions generated wildly differing projections of visas under Congressional deliberation in 2006, and all theories/projections failed to anticipate recent declines in Mexico-to-US migration. While near term projections are required for planning the complex machinery to manage migration, medium-to-long range projections may inform but should not drive migration policy. Rather, admission policies should incorporate principals of self-regulation that prioritize domestic markets.
Turkish Muslims in a German city: Entrepreneurial and residential self-determination
Authors: Hackett Sarah
Published: December 2018

Drawing upon a collection of oral history interviews, this paper offers an insight into entrepreneurial and residential patterns and behaviour amongst Turkish Muslims in the German city of Bremen. The academic literature has traditionally argued that Turkish migrants in Germany have been pushed into self-employment, low-quality housing and segregated neighbourhoods as a result of discrimination, and poor employment and housing opportunities. Yet the interviews reveal the extent to which Bremen’s Turkish Muslims’ performances and experiences have overwhelmingly been the consequences of personal choices and ambitions. For many of the city’s Turkish Muslim entrepreneurs, self-employment had been a long-term objective, and they have succeeded in establishing and running their businesses in the manner they choose with regards to location and clientele, for example. Similarly, interviewees stressed the way in which they were able to shape their housing experiences by opting which districts of the city to live in and by purchasing property. On the whole, they perceive their entrepreneurial and residential practices as both consequences and mediums of success, integration and a loyalty to the city of Bremen. The findings are contextualised within the wider debate regarding the long-term legacy of Germany’s post-war guest-worker system and its position as a “country of immigration”.
Marginalized at the center: how public narratives of suffering perpetuate perceptions of refugees’ helplessness and dependency.
Authors: Kisiara Otieno
Published: December 2018

This paper critiques the common practice of people from refugee backgrounds giving presentations and testimonials on their displacement experiences, in college, university, and similar institutional settings. While such speaking events may be framed as opportunities to center refugee voices, this paper argues that the totality of the presentation environments, especially their focus on narratives of suffering, do in fact reinforce the marginal and powerless position with which refugees are associated. To counteract the marginalizing effects of such presentations, the paper suggests alternative ways of presentations that more meaningfully involve refugees in framing and directing such speaking events.
Educational Assessment of Syrian Refugees in Turkey
Authors: Bircan Tuba , Sunata Ulaş
Published: December 2018

In political, social and economical terms, Turkey is the most affected country of the Syrian crisis. More importantly, Turkey as a host country of Syrian refugees has been living a dramatic demographic change. The most marginalized group living in Turkey is children. Refugee education has hence become of top priority. The global report in refugee education is below the critical level, but Turkish report is even worse in the contexts of not only accessibility and quality. This work refers to uniquely gathered dataset from AFAD and UNHCR in order to portray the current demography of Syrian refugees in particular concentrating on the ones living in camps.  Main purpose is elaborating the current educational assessment of Syrian child refugees in Turkey. Our findings indicate the significant number of refugee children in need of access to basic education at all levels and underlines the magnitude of scarce of education program development mainly due to lack of financial matters. Hence, it advises a kind of collaboration among implementing public and private partners at the local, national and international levels.
Perceptions and newspaper coverage of Syrian refugees in Turkey
Authors: Göktuna Yaylacı Filiz , Karakuş Mine
Published: December 2018

In this study we analysed the perceptions about Syrian refugees as reflected in the newspapers. A qualitative design based on content analysis was adopted in this research. The news on Syrian refugees appeared in Hurriyet, Yeni Safak and Cumhuriyet newspapers between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2014 have been analysed. These were classified on the basis of themes, styles, main concepts, and photographs used. Our findings show that, the political standing of the newspapers and their attitudes towards the Turkish government strongly affect the ways they shape the news about Syrian refugees.
‘High net worth’ migration in Mauritius: A critical analysis
Authors: Ramtohul Ramola
Published: December 2018

As a small island African nation, Mauritius is famed for its economic success, democratic governance and political stability. The Mauritian government recently embarked on a migration scheme geared towards attracting ‘high net worth’ migrants to the country. The scheme offers foreigners the possibility of obtaining permanent residence and naturalizing as citizens under specifically designed investment and residential programmes devised to attract private investment. While it is undeniable that this scheme has brought considerable foreign direct investment into the country, it has also caused discontent among the local population. Using media reports and interviews of key stakeholders in the press as well as qualitative date gathered from semi-structured interviews of key stakeholders, this paper examines the implications of the long term and often, permanent presence of ‘high net worth’ migrants on the local population. Public debate on this matter includes issues such as culture clash and diminished access to the beach for Mauritian citizens. Moreover, given the smallness of the country and the fact that land is already scarce, there is fear that facilities granted to foreigners to purchase property will have inflationary consequences and make property unaffordable to the local population.