bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term effect of warming-induced permafrost thawing on tundra vegetation-the evidence from the Chukchi Peninsula (Russian northeast)
Authors: Maslakov Alexey , Grischenko Mikhail , Grigoryan Alina , Zamolodchikov Dmitry
Published: December 2024

Tundra is one of the most sensitive environments of the world in relation to
climate changes, since its ecosystems exist close to the limits of plant
community tolerance. Besides, tundra vegetation in most of Arctic regions
resides on permafrost, which is thermally unstable media. Thus, vegetation
and frozen soils are extremely vulnerable to external impacts and are
balancing in fragile thermodynamic equilibrium. Thermal and moisture regime
shifting lead to changing of thermophysical properties of vegetation cover
and thus, the thermal balance of underlying permafrost. In this study we
present the results of 2001-2024 in-situ monitoring of vegetation cover and
permafrost conditions in remote region of the Chukchi Peninsula, Russian
Northeast. The study combines the yearly data on active layer thickness and
vegetation cover from two sites of Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring
(CALM) program located within the key site of Eastern Chukotka Coastal
Plains (ECCP). The study reveals long-term trajectories of climate,
permafrost, and vegetation cover characteristics. Although common biological
productivity was growing and active layer was thickening, the particular
plant species respond to these changes differently. On sloping plots, the
increasing of active layer thickness (ALT) led to correspondent lowering of
the permafrost table, drainage of thawing ice and thus, soil drying, which
caused the decrease in moss and sedge covers. Meanwhile, within flat
poorly-drained surfaces the permafrost thawing contributes to soil moisture
with correspondent sedge expansion. Thermokarst-affected terrain triggers
the growth of tundra vegetation bioproductivity and serves as a shelter for
plants from Arctic winds and facilitates higher snow accumulation.
Analysis of remote sensing data pertaining to debris flows: Insights from selected drainage basins in Bulgaria
Authors: Tamburadzhiev Ilia
Published: December 2024

The present study is focused on remote sensing data analysis of the factors
for the formation and development of debris flows in mountain drainage
basins in Bulgaria. The rate of debris flow susceptibility in the range of
the selected drainage basins was investigated. The relevance of the present
study is related to the frequency of adverse hydro-climatic phenomena of
natural and anthropogenic origin in the last decade in different parts of
Bulgaria. Topographic conditions (slope angle), lithology, and land cover
(vegetation) are considered as a complex area factor for the formation and
development of debris flows. A morphometric analysis of the relief and the
drainage network was carried out in order to analyze the debris flow
susceptibility. Morphometric parameters and the Normalized Difference
Vegetation Index (NDVI) were calculated in Geographic Information System
(GIS) environment. The channel networks were classified by stream ordering.
GIS analysis is done on the basis of Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Landsat
multispectral satellite images, and geological maps. A complex debris flow
susceptibility analysis was carried out. A classification system for debris
flow susceptibility was generated. The complex analysis of the slope angle,
lithology, and land cover within the studied basins show that drainage
basins characterized predominantly by rocks of volcanic igneous complex and
to a considerable extent by bare soils and arable lands are more susceptible
to debris flows. The percentage of the highest rates of debris flow
susceptibility is extremely low for the four studied drainage basins, which
is largely due to the smaller slope gradients.
Preparation, performances and application of carbon-ceramic brake discs
Authors: Tan Hong , Shen Fuqiang , Li Hulin
Published: December 2024

Carbon-ceramic brake discs, known for their superior mechanical properties
and thermal stability, are pivotal in high-performance braking systems. This
paper reviews their development, focusing on preparation methods,
performance features and applications in aviation, automotive and rail
sectors. Made from carbon fibres and silicon carbide, these discs undergo
complex manufacturing processes like carbonization and silicification,
leading to excellent friction performance, wear resistance and thermal shock
resilience. As manufacturing technology progresses and costs decrease, their
use is expected to expand significantly. The paper also explores potential
optimizations and future roles of carbon-ceramic discs in improving
transportation safety and environmental sustainability.
Magnetically tailored dielectric behaviour of (1-x)Ba0.98Sm0.02TiO3-xBa0.7Sr0.3Fe12O19 ceramic composites
Authors: Kaur Arshdeep , Nindrayog Amritpal , Masih Sajan , Middha Shiffali , Kaur Shubhpreet , Kumar Sunil , Ghosh Rubina , Vishwakarma Prakash , Arya Nisharika , Singh Satvir , Tandon Nitin , Sharma Indu , Arora ishal , Paul Surinder , Singh Mandeep , Chopra Vibha , Singh Anupinder
Published: December 2024

With the growing need for materials for multifunctional devices, we are
studying the behaviour of a composite consisting of titanate ferroelectric
phase with strong dielectric properties and ferrites with magnetic
properties. Solid-state reaction method was used to prepare Ba1-xSmxTiO3
powders, while Ba1-xSrxFe12O19 powders were synthesized by sol-gel auto
combustion method. The selected titanate and M-type hexaferrite powders were
used for fabrication of (1-x)Ba0.98Sm0.02TiO3-xBa0.7Sr0.3Fe12O19 composites
(x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) by their mixing, compaction and sintering
at 1240?C. Phase formation was investigated by XRD and multivalent state of
Fe (Fe2+ and Fe3+) was identified from XPS. Matching the unique properties
of these materials with each other will favour numerous application paths.
The magnetic, magneto-dielectric and magnetoelectric properties of
perovskite/hexaferrite composites were investigated. Magnetoelectric
coupling was found in all of the composite samples by the magneto-dielectric
investigation. The maximum magneto-dielectric response of ?37.7% in terms of
change in dielectric permittivity in presence of magnetic field was measured
for the sample with x = 0.4 at magnetic field of 1.2 T and frequency of
100Hz.
Structural and ferroelectric properties (1-x)(Ba0.9Sr0.1)TiO3-xBi(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3 lead-free ceramics with remarkable energy storage performance
Authors: Huang Xuechen , Dai Jinba , Liu Shulong , Li Wenlong , Li Yu , Cao Wenjun , Wang Chunchang
Published: December 2024

In this research, (1-x)(Ba0.9Sr0.1)TiO3-xBi(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3 (BST-BMN, where x =
0, 0.06, 0.08, 0.12 and 0.20) powders were synthesized via a solid-state
reaction method. The corresponding lead-free ceramics were obtained at the
optimal sintering temperature. For x ? 0.06, the material formed dense,
homogeneous pseudocubic perovskite structures. The increase of the BMN
content induces strong relaxor behaviours with diffuse phase transition
characteristics, enhancing the temperature stability of dielectric
properties. Consequently, the ceramics exhibited narrow
polarization-electric field (P-E) loops and superior energy storage
capabilities. The composition 0.88BST-0.12BMN was found to be optimal,
attributed to the improvement in breakdown field strength, yielding a
recoverable energy density of 2.504 J/cm3 and an efficiency of 90.2%under an
electric field strength of 250 kV/cm. Furthermore, this ceramic composition
retains consistent energy storage across temperatures ranging from 20 to 120?C and frequencies from 1 to 100Hz, underscoring its potential for
application in high-power pulsed capacitors.
Investigation on structural and magnetic properties of the mechanosynthesized Fe-doped ZrO2-15mol%Y2O3
Authors: Sari Ali , Keddam Mourad , Ouanezar Abdelkader , Malki Abderrahim
Published: December 2024

Structure of ball-milled powder mixtures containing monoclinic zirconia
(m-ZrO2) and 15mol% Y2O3 was analysed. It was shown that the tetragonal
Zr0.85Y0.15O1.93 solid solution was formed within 30min of milling. The
structural and magnetic properties were investigated using flame atomic
absorption spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, Raman and M?ssbauer
spectroscopy. The study revealed an increase in fraction of the tetragonal
Zr0.85Y0.15O1.93 phase with increasing iron impurity formed due to the wear
in the stainless steel assembly. In the course of the ball-milling, the Fe3+
concentration increases with milling time promoting the formation of the
paramagnetic Zr0.85(Y3+,Fe3+)0.15O1.93 solid solution. It has been found
that there was no sign of tetragonal to metastable m-ZrO2 transition after
annealing in the temperature range 500-1100?C keeping the tetragonal phase
rich in Y3+ structurally stable. Taking into account the effect of the
combined Fe3+ and Y3+ elements on structural features of the ball-milled
product, Fe3+ cations promote the mobility of Y3+ and consequently diffuse
into the tetragonal crystal lattice at room temperature, while Y3+ cations
act as tetragonal stabilizers at high temperature.
Preparation and characterization of low-cost ceramic microfiltration membranes for water treatment
Authors: Ghouil Boudjemaa , Khebli Zineb , Bouzerara Ferhat , Zermani Dounia , Zitouni Chahinez , Youla Keltoum , Idoui Tayeb , Khennouf Tarek
Published: December 2024

This work presents the preparation of microfiltration (MF) membranes
deposited on highly porous supports tailored for microfiltration
applications. The supports were prepared from local Algerian clays and
calcium carbonate, selected for their abundant availability. Subsequently,
these supports underwent coating with microfiltration membrane using the
slip casting method employing the same clay powder. The resulting membrane,
sintered at 1100?C, exhibited desirable attributes including a thickness of
approximately 27 ?m and an average pore size (APS) value of about 0.42 ?m,
coupled with notable adhesion between the support and the membrane.
Furthermore, physicochemical and microbiological tests were conducted on
water samples to confirm the effectiveness of the membrane in
microfiltration. The results show that the membrane is highly effective in
removing turbidity, with a rejection rate of approximately 99%. The pH and
conductivity of the water remain stable during filtration. Additionally, the
membrane demonstrates significant efficiency in removing heavy metals, with
rejection rates of about 68% for iron and 90% for aluminium, as well as it
is effective in removing specific bacteria from water.
Sintering behaviour and dielectric properties of BaTiO3: Effect of borax addition
Authors: Othman Kolthoum , Ali Mostafa , El-Houte Samia
Published: December 2024

Barium titanate (BaTiO3) is a prominent ferroelectric material widely
utilized in various electronic applications, due to its excellent dielectric
properties. Lowering its sintering temperature, a highly demanded
requirement in multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC), enables the use of
metal-based electrodes and consequently reduces the production cost. In the
present work, we investigated the impact of using low melting glassy phases
of borax (Na2B4O7 ? 10H2O) in developing low-temperature-sintered BaTiO3
ceramics. The effects of borax addition on the densification, microstructure
and dielectric properties of BaTiO3 ceramics were investigated. Different
amounts of borax were added to BaTiO3 powders, and the compacts made from
these mixtures were sintered at 1100 and 1150?C for 3 h. The results
revealed that this small addition of borax can effectively reduce the
sintering temperature of BaTiO3 to 1100?C. The presence of the borax liquid
phase at the BaTiO3 grain boundaries enhanced densification at such low
temperature, without formation of secondary phases or degradation of the
dielectric properties. Relative permittivities up to 2410 and 7685 at room
and Curie temperatures, respectively, were obtained.
Enhancing solar collector performance: An experimental study on zigzag rectangular angled strips and nanofluid integration
Authors: Selvamani Tamizhselvan , Veerapuram Sridharan
Published: December 2024

Solar thermal collectors have become an increasingly popular technology for
harnessing renewable energy and have gained significant attention as a
sustainable solution to meet the growing global energy demands. These
systems efficiently convert solar radiation into thermal energy, making them
a viable option for a variety of applications across the residential,
commercial, and industrial sectors. The use of nanofluids as the working
fluid in solar thermal collectors has been extensively investigated as the
incorporation of nanoparticles has been demonstrated to enhance the thermal
properties of these systems ultimately leading to improvements in their
overall efficiency. This experimental study investigates the performance of
a conjugate flat-plate solar collector with the inclusion of zigzag
rectangular shaped angled strips inside the absorber tube. The study also
explores the use of various nanofluids such as MgO/DIW, ZnO/DIW, and
Al2O3/DIW at a 1.0% volume concentration as the working fluid to determine
their potential for enhancing the thermal efficiency of the solar collector.
The experiments were conducted with 450 angled strips at three different
pitch ratios (Y = 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0) under identical working conditions. The
performance of the rectangular shaped zigzag strip enhanced collectors was
systematically compared to that of plain conjugate flat-plate solar
collector collectors. For a pitch ratio of 2.0, MgO/DIW, ZnO/DIW, and
Al2O3/DIW improve heat transfer by 30%, 28%, and 22% at higher Reynolds
numbers compared to DIW. The MgO/DIW consistently provides the highest heat
transfer enhancement across all configurations and pitch ratios. The Nusselt
number increases by 45%, 42%, and 40% for MgO/DIW, ZnO/DIW and Al2O3/DIW at
a pitch ratio of 2.0 showed a significant enhancement in heat transfer due
to nanoparticle effects and zigzag rectangular angled strip induced
turbulence. The thermal efficiency reaches around 85% for MgO/DIW nanofluids
compared to DIW at a lower pitch ratio of 2.0. The friction factor increases
by 15% for ZnO/DIW at lower Reynolds numbers compared to DIW. The Pumping
power increased by 10% for ZnO/DIW in zigzag rectangular angled strip tubes
compared to plain tubes. These findings revealed that utilizing high thermal
conductivity nanofluids and zigzag rectangular strip geometries with
optimized pitch ratios can enhance the performance of heat transfer systems
especially in applications such as solar energy collectors and heat
exchangers.
Design and thermal analysis of impulse thrusters for control systems of guided missiles
Authors: Allouche Toufik , Zivkovic Sasa , Ferfouri Abdellah , Jerkovic Damir , Hristov Nebojsa , Karic Marko
Published: December 2024

This paper presents design analysis of impulse thrusters intended for
guidance and control systems of missiles. Impulse thrusters are small solid
propellant, short-operation, high thrust rocket motors. They are mounted
laterally on the missile?s control block, and are used to generate control
forces to adjust its trajectory. To minimize the control block weight and
achieve better missile performances, aluminum alloy is utilized, due to its
favorable strength-to-weight ratio and ease of manufacturing productivity.
However, the sensitivity of aluminum alloys to high temperatures
necessitates a comprehensive thermal analysis, to ensure structural
integrity and performance reliability under operational conditions. For
that, three impulse thruster models are designed with incrementally higher
thrust and thermal loading. An internal ballistic model is employed to
predict their performances, with results validated through static
experimental tests. Then, numerical CFD and heat transfer simulations are
conducted, to predict eventual thruster block structure overheating, to
achieve the maximum possible performances. The study highlights the
importance of material selection, thermal analysis, and propellant design
for optimizing impulse thruster performance and ensuring the reliability of
control systems of missiles.
Numerical study of the effect of periodic wake on film cooling effectiveness on a plate
Authors: Shi Liuliu , Fan Haobo , Chen Eryun
Published: December 2024

The research presented in this paper is devoted to exploring the influence of
upstream periodic wake on the film cooling effectiveness on a downstream
plate. This investigation is carried out through rigorous numerical
simulations utilizing a dedicated simulation model. The model was developed
to examine the impact of upstream periodic wake on film cooling performance
across varying blowing ratios (M = 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0) and wake sweeping
frequencies (10 Hz, 20 Hz, and 40 Hz). Comparative analyses are conducted
with a baseline scenario involving a constant jet without wake. The
objective of these analyses is to provide a deeper understanding of the
mechanisms through which upstream wake influences film cooling performance,
ultimately shedding light on the flow characteristics and cooling
effectiveness of film cooling under sweeping wakes.
Research on optimization of annular fin phase change heat storage device based on orthogonal test
Authors: Xu Jiaojin , Cao Lihua , Bai Chenxi , Li Pan
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of structural parameters on the heat
storage capacity of an annular fin phase change heat storage (PCHS) device.
Utilizing a quadratic regression orthogonal experiment combined with
numerical simulation, a reliable regression equation was developed to
optimize the structural parameters of the heat storage device. The
performance of heat storage and release characteristics under optimal
structural conditions was further explored by varying operating parameters.
The results demonstrate that the radius of the steam pipe, fin thickness,
and fin length significantly impact the heat storage capacity, and an
optimal set of structural parameters exists that maximizes heat storage.
During the heat storage process, increasing the steam mass flow rate and
inlet temperature accelerates the melting of phase change material (PCM),
reducing the complete melting time and enhancing the heat storage rate.
Conversely, in the heat release process, an increase in steam mass flow rate
and a reduction in inlet temperature expedite the solidification of PCM.
Heat dissipation performance analysis and cooling module optimization of oil-immersed transformer based on multi-physical field simulation
Authors: Yuan FaTing , Jiang YuQing , Zhang NaiYue , Kuang BoYuan , Jian ShengKai , Bo Tang
Published: December 2024

The long-term operation of the oil-immersed transformer will cause the
internal temperature to rise rapidly, which may lead to accidents such as
transformer burning, which has a certain impact on the safe and reliable
operation of the power grid. In this paper, the model of oil-immersed
transformer is established by finite element simulation software, and the
three-dimensional circuit magnetic field simulation model is established
according to the structural parameters of the transformer, and the core loss
and winding loss of the transformer are calculated accurately. The
calculated loss is loaded into the simulation model of the flow temperature
field, and the distribution characteristics of the temperature field and
flow field of the transformer core and winding are obtained accurately by
analyzing the heat transfer mode of the transformer and calculating the
convection heat transfer coefficient formula in the heat convection theory.
According to the structure of the transformer winding, the main variable
parameters of the winding that affect the transformer temperature rise are
selected. Through the center composite design method and range analysis, the
winding geometry parameters which minimize the hot spot temperature of the
transformer are obtained. In order to further reduce the temperature rise of
the transformer, the principle of enhanced heat dissipation is used, and the
cooling module is attached to the radiator of the transformer model, and the
shape, installation position, installation method and number of the cooling
module are changed respectively. Through heat flow coupling calculation, the
optimal structure and installation mode of heat dissipation performance are
obtained: symmetrical rectangular cooling module is installed at the upper
end of the heat sink, which can effectively reduce the hot spot temperature
of the transformer. The results show that the hot spot temperature of the
oil-immersed transformer can be reduced from 78.1? to 60.7?, and the hot
spot temperature can be reduced by 22.3%. The above research provides a new
idea and reference for oil immersed transformer to reduce temperature rise
and improve heat dissipation performance.
Analysis of Dust Storm Intensity over Baghdad City
Authors: Hammoodi Asmaa K. , Hassan Ahmed S. , Kadhum Jasim H. , Yang Xiu-Qun
Published: December 2024

Background: Semi-arid regions of the world experience diverse climates and weather events, including dust storms. These storms suspend and transport particles in the atmosphere. Objective: The Iraqi Meteorological Organization and Seismology (IOM) is a key data source for researchers studying these dynamics, offering visibility data for Baghdad from several years (2005, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2018, 2022). Baghdad’s data is also included in the ERA-5 dataset from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), which provides precise hourly air temperature data at 2 meters above ground level. Methods: The study investigates the correlation between air temperature and dust storm severity in semi-arid regions, particularly during storm waves, which can constitute up to half of a storm’s duration. The severity of dust storms, influenced by temperature variations, is crucial in understanding storm characteristics. Results: The findings underscore the significance of air temperature in understanding dust storms’ behavior, aiding in refining forecasting models and emergency planning in vulnerable areas. The detailed spatial and temporal data from the study provide a foundation for in-depth research into the complexities of dust storms. Conclusions: By analyzing visibility and temperature records, the study emphasizes the role of climatic factors in shaping dust storm behavior in semi-arid regions.
Studying the Effect of Bacillus Subtilis Suspension on Plant Height, Weight and Number of Potato Tubers
Authors: Khalil Anwar Mohammed , Ahmed Abd Almonem , Hasan Marwan Abdo
Published: December 2024

Background: Bacillus subtilis is one of the microorganisms widely spread in soil. It is characterized by broad activity in producing many metabolites that play an important role against many plant pathogens. In addition, it contributes to increasing the production of plant hormones and facilitating the absorption of many important elements, which reflects positively on the growth and productivity of the plant. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of Bacillus subtilis treatment on plant height, weight, and number of potato tubers. Methods: A suspension of Bacillus subtilis was tested over three intermittent periods on plant height and its yield (weight and number of tubers) of the Afamia potato plant compared with the control on two lines of potato without treatment. Results: The relative increase in the average longitudinal growth of the plants in the second line was 49.75% compared to the first line, 29.53%. The average number and weight of tubers were calculated for each replicate of the first-line plants (sprayed with water only), and then the average was calculated for each replicate of the second-line plants (sprayed with bacteria). The average number of tubers in the plants treated with bacteria was 17.56 tubers compared to its counterparts sprayed with water only. In terms of the number of tubers, which amounted to 15 tubers, we obtained a percentage increase of 17.06%. In contrast, the average weight of the tubers was 1618.4 grams compared to its counterpart sprayed with water only, which amounted to 897.6 grams, and thus we obtained a percentage increase of 80.30%. Conclusions: The results showed a positive effect of using Bacillus subtilis on plant height and the number and weight of potato tubers compared to the control. This was explained by the fact that Bacillus Subtilis stimulated the plant’s resistance to pathogens and improved plant growth through the production of hormones and facilitating the assimilation and absorption of nutrients.
The Impact of Spirulina Supplementation on Iraqi Obese Females: A Cohort Study
Authors: Al-Karawi Abdullah Salim , Kadhim Ali Saad , Mohammed Ali Abdulmawjood , Alajeeli Fakhri , Lippi Giuseppe
Published: December 2024

Background: Spirulina, a type of blue-green algae, has been recognized for its dense nutritional profile and purported health benefits. Furthermore, the effects of spirulina on individuals who are obese have been a subject of interest in scientific research. Objective: This study was to examine the impact of spirulina supplements on obese females in the Iraq population. The research adopted related treatments in cohort study design utilizing spirulina. Methods: The seventy-five obese female participants aged between 25-55 years were administered spirulina supplements for eight months. Cholesterol, triglyceride, High density lipid (HDL), Risk-1, Risk-2, Thyroid stimulated hormones (TSH), and hemoglobin-A1c (HBA1c) were examined before and after administering the supplements. Results: The current study revealed a significant effect on levels of all parameters. Specifically, cholesterol, very low-density lipid (VLDL), and Risk were significantly decreased in their levels, with a reduction of the body mass index (BMI) in the obese females after administration. However, the level of HBA1c and TSH slightly decreased after the spirulina. According to HDL was increased level after administration of spirulina in obese females compared to before. Conclusions: Spirulina could be considered a good supplement to increase the metabolism of the body and decrease BMI with improved health.
Theoretical Study of the Quadruple Gamma Transitions of Radioactive Radon and Radium Isotopes Based on Half-Life
Authors: Salim Duaa Abed , Mhana Waleed Jabbar , Ishnayin Hadeel Ghali , Mahdi Khalid Hadi
Published: December 2024

Background: This study investigated multiple aspects of radon and radium’s nuclear properties since they are heavy, radioactive elements that may emit alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, which is connected to cancer and poses a risk to the environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the significance of quadruple gamma transitions with |M(E2)|2w.u↓ as a valuable probe of the internal structure, deformations, and energy levels of atomic nuclei. Objective: By studying these gamma transitions, we hope to get more insight into the behavior of protons and neutrons within the nucleus as well as the fundamental forces governing their interactions. Methods: We applied MATLAB software to compute the probability of quadruple gamma transitions while accounting for the isotope energy characteristics and nuclei half-lives. Results: Our study’s important results about the transition forces for particular isotopes are as follows: Ra-226 was reported to have the lowest transition force value, measuring 9.6623×10−17, with a half-life of 1600 years. Furthermore, several transition force values were observed for Rn-214, the greatest values being 1.0248×104 and 1.5666×10−15. On the other hand, Rn-216 has the highest recorded transition force value (1.70305×10−4). Conclusions: The widths of Weisskopf transitions, gamma-gamma transitions, and gamma transitions were found by gathering and evaluating previously studied globally publicly available information. In the end, we successfully determined a relationship between the decay constant and the half-life of a decay event, which let us determine the probability that such events will occur within a certain time frame. Our study provides important insights into the transition probability within the examined nuclides and is in excellent agreement with global results and experimental data.
İlişkisel Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar Ölçeği nin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışmaları
Authors: Aydın Gökçen , Eker-Durmuş Esra , Akbaş Ufuk , Hatipoğlu-Sümer Zeynep , Özbay Yaşar , Erten-Tatlı Cemre , Akçabozan-Kaaybol Nazlı Büşra , Karacan-Özdemir Nurten , Çağ Pınar
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı W. Glasser’ın Seçim Teorisi temelinde evli bireylerin temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlarını belirlemeye yönelik bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Çalışma grubu, 269 evli bireyden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini incelemek amacıyla Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) kullanılmıştır. Ölçüt bağıntılı geçerliğe ilişkin incelemeler Pozitif ve Negatif Duygu Ölçeği’nin pozitif duygu alt boyutu kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirliği 50 kişi üzerinde iki hafta ara ile yapılan test-tekrar test güvenirliği ile hesaplanmıştır. Analiz sonuçları Seçim Teorisi’nde açıklanan boyutlardan sevme ve ait olma, güç, özgürlük ve eğlence boyutlarının her birinde dörder madde olmak üzere toplam 16 maddeden oluşan dört faktörlü bir yapıyı doğrulamaktadır. Ölçeğin pozitif duygu alt ölçeği ile anlamlı ve pozitif yönde ilişkilere sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Test-tekrar test güvenirliği sonuçları ise sevme ve ait olma boyutu için .93, güç için .94, özgürlük için .91 ve eğlence için .90 olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar, İlişkisel Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar Ölçeği’nin evli bireylerin temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlarını değerlendirebilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermiştir.
Labial Triple Talon Cusp in a Mesiodens – Report of a New Morphological Variant with Revised New Definition and Classification System
Authors: NB Nagaveni
Published: December 2024

Literature shows various case reports and prevalence studies on mesiodens which is a type of supernumerary tooth occurring
in the midline of the maxillary or mandibular arch between two central incisors. It may occur in both primary and permanent
dentition and characterized by various morphology. Talon cusp is an anomaly of the tooth shape and numerous reports on
different shapes and sizes are evident. The present article shows occurrence of a triple labial talon cusp in the maxillary midline
mesiodens which makes a unique expression and not reported so far in the dental anomalies’ literature. This manuscript also
provides a new insight pertaining to definition and classification system for talon cusp. Therefore, the present case highlights
the pioneer case record of triple labial talon cusp in a mesiodens associated with another dental anomaly
Comorbidities with COVID-19: Harmful Consequences for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection- Related Clinical Manifestations
Authors: Bhavana U , Livingston Merin
Published: December 2024

Human life has been endangered due to the pandemic crisis caused by the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from China. The novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2, or severe acute respiratory disease, poses
serious problems for the healthcare system and has caused millions of deaths, which has a significant impact on the mortality
rate. The symptoms of COVID-19, referred to as coronavirus disease (2016), is presented with asymptomatic, mild or severe
pneumonia- like symptoms. Patients with COVID-19 who have diabetes, HIV, hypertension, cancer, cardiovascular disease,
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other comorbidities increase the risk of developing life-threatening. Most
patients with compromised medical histories get a serious COVID-19 complications. It appears that SARS-CoV-2 targets the
respiratory system, resulting in pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. These conditions cause severe systemic
inflammation, multi-organ failure, and mortality, particularly in patients with pre-existing comorbidities. SARS-CoV-2 affects
host cells by means of ACE-2 receptors that are present on their surface. Strong ACE-2 receptor expression and enhanced
pro-protein convertase release, which facilitates viral entrance into host cells, have been associated to specific comorbidities.
Comorbid people need careful management and must take preventative measures with awareness. The literature on the
correlation between comorbidities and COVID-19 is limited; however, this study demonstrates the wider range of comorbidities
associated with COVID-19 patients. For a better understanding of the etiopathogenesis of COVID-19, we included the major
comorbidities and a range of clinical complications associated with the virus
Pulmonary Carcinosarcoma with Rhabdoid Differentiation and Widespread Dissemination in a Cat
Authors: Aburto Enrique , LKF Lee
Published: December 2024

We report a pulmonary carcinosarcoma with metastasis and severe hydrothorax in a 20-year-old, neutered male, Domestic
Shorthair cat (Felis catus). The cat was found dead without previous clinical signs. The pulmonary tumor displayed malignant
epithelial acinar and papillary patterns, as well as sarcomatous features with rhabdoid and spindle-shaped differentiation.
Distinct components of the neoplasm showed immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin, desmin, and vimentin. The
pulmonary neoplasm disseminated to the heart, colon, mesenteric lymph node, pancreas, omentum, and mediastinum. Most
metastases primarily displayed rhabdoid features; however, the tumor cells also formed epithelial acini in the myocardium.
The cause of death was likely associated with impairment of the cardiorespiratory function from the pulmonary lesions,
metastasis to the heart, and severe hydrothorax. Carcinosarcomas have been rarely reported in domestic animals and are
more thoroughly described in humans.
Tamoxifen Induced Down Regulation of mTOR and UP Regulation of Exosomal miR-99b-5p and miR-100-5p in mcf-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Faraji Ghazale
Published: December 2024

Background: Breast cancer treatment has always been an important challenge in medicine. Recent studies have revealed the
importance of microRNAs miR-99b-5p and miR-100-5p in breast cancer treatment. Moreover, however not fully understood,
the impact of exosomal microRNAs in human cancer progress or inhibition has been highlighted yet. The present study aimed
to investigate the effects of one of the most prescribed drugs in breast cancer chemotherapy, tamoxifen, on expression level of
miR-99b- 5p, miR-100-5p and also mTOR gene in MCF-7 cell lines.
Methods: MCF-7 cells were treated with 30 µM tamoxifen while being in a 70% surface density, then the expression level of
mentioned microRNAs and mTOR gene were investigated in RNA extracts of the cells and their exosomes.
Results: Results indicated the presence of a significant increase (P <0.01) in both miR-99b-5p and miR- 100-5p expression
levels in cell lines following tamoxifen treatment. Also, the evaluation of mTOR gene expression in the same cells after
treatment with tamoxifen showed significant (P <0.05) expression reduction.
Conclusions: Interestingly, the decrease in mTOR expression level was completely consistent with increase in the expression
of exosomal microRNAs level, which seems to be reasonable considering the targeting of the mTOR gene by the two mentioned
microRNAs. The results of this study suggest that the therapeutic effects of tamoxifen on breast cancer cells, can be justified
not only by its direct effect on cancer cells, but also by indirect impact on elements like microRNAs expression.
Cytochrome P450s, Their Modulators, and Metabolites in Cardiovascular Function and Disease
Authors: Mandepudi Lakshmi Chandini , B Chandrapriyanka
Published: December 2024

Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) play a pivotal role in the metabolism of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics, with
their involvement extending to cardiovascular function and disease. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview
of the intricate interplay between CYPs, their modulators, and metabolites in cardiovascular physiology and pathology.
Understanding these interactions holds promise for elucidating novel therapeutic targets and interventions in cardiovascular
disorders. Cytochrome P450 enzymes, traditionally known for their role in drug metabolism, are increasingly recognized
for their involvement in cardiovascular physiology and pathology. This review explores the multifaceted roles of CYPs in
cardiovascular homeostasis, including their contribution to vascular tone regulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Moreover, it investigates the impact of endogenous and exogenous factors on CYP activity and its implications for cardiovascular
health. Dysregulation of CYP-mediated metabolism is implicated in various cardiovascular disorders, offering potential targets
for therapeutic intervention. Understanding the complex interplay between CYPs, their modulators, and metabolites sheds
light on novel avenues for precision cardiovascular medicine and personalized therapeutic strategies.
Correlation between Serum MACC-1 & T Stage and Nodal Status of the Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Yesmin Shaila , A Sultana , MS Bashir
Published: December 2024

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among females. The current study is one of the initial studies to
evaluate the diagnostic value of novel serum MACC-1 markers in breast cancer patients. Various other serum biomarkers have
been used for the diagnosis of breast cancer but this marker proved a good sensitivity and/or specificity. This cross-sectional
study included 32 breast cancer patients and 32 normal healthy controls. Study subjects demographic, pathologic, and clinical
information were recorded. Random blood samples were collected from the antecubital vein after aseptic precaution with
0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate. About 4.0 ml of venous blood was collected into a red screw-capped tube. Serum MACC-1
was assessed by a double-antibody sandwich ELISA method by using the commercially available kit in the Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. In this study, serum MACC-1 levels
were significantly elevated (p< 0.0001) in breast cancer patients compared to the control group. The mean serum MACC1
was elevated in BC patients (55.21 ± 14.75 pg/ml) compared with healthy controls (38.19 ± 11.42 pg/ml) (P<0.0001). The
median age was 46.3 years in BC patients and 40.2 ± 8.4 years in the control group (p <0.0001). Higher serum MACC1 levels
were observed with increasing TNM stages (p < 0.0001). Therefore, this study showed that serum MACC-1 can be a potential
biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer.
Happiness and Health Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: S* Gajawada
Published: December 2024

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a popular and widely used optimization algorithm for solving complex problems. It is
known for its simplicity and ease of implementation. Artificial Birds move in search space to find optimal solution. Although
many PSO algorithms were proposed in literature the concepts like happiness and health are not yet explored in PSO algorithms.
This article is based on this research gap. Happiness and Health Particle Swarm Optimization (HaHePSO) algorithm is created
by incorporating the Happiness and Health concepts into Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. Each particle in HaHePSO
algorithm is associated with happiness and health variables. The movement of Artificial Birds in PSO algorithm is based on
fitness values. In HaHePSO algorithm the movement of Artificial Birds is dependent on happiness, health and fitness values.
In PSO algorithm Artificial Birds move in the direction of local best and global best of fitness values. This idea is extended in
HaHePSO algorithm where Artificial Birds move in the direction of local best and global best of happiness, health and fitness
values. The HaHePSO algorithm proposed in this article takes more space and requires extra computation compared to PSO
algorithm. This is due to the fact that each particle now has happiness and health variables associated with it and movement
in search space is guided by the fitness, happiness and health values.
The Implementation of Environmental Topics in the First Cycle of Primary Education from the Teachers’ Perspective
Authors:   University of Niš, Pedagogical Faculty, Vranje, Serbia, Spasić Stošić Ana , Tasić Mitić Ivana D. ,   University of Niš, Pedagogical Faculty, Vranje, Serbia, Stojadinović Aleksandar M. ,   University of Niš, Pedagogical Faculty, Vranje, Serbia, Milosavljević Đukić Tatjana B. ,   University of Niš, Pedagogical Faculty, Vranje, Serbia
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the findings of a study aimed at exploring teachers’ perspectives on environmental education for students in the first to fourth grades of primary school. The issue of environmental education for primary school students has gained significant attention in recent decades and is now seen as an educational necessity. The study’s objectives focus on understanding teachers’ views on the importance of teaching environmental topics in the first cycle of primary education and evaluating the school’s ability to support such teaching. The research was conducted through a survey involving 455 teachers from thirty-five primary schools across eight cities in the Republic of Serbia, using a questionnaire designed specifically for this study. The questionnaire featured a series of questions and rating scales based on a five-point Likert scale. Although there are some differences in respondents’ opinions based on factors such as work experience, school location, and the number of environmental seminars attended, the data suggest that teachers generally have positive views on the importance of including environmental topics in the first cycle of primary education. They also express favorable opinions about the conditions necessary to achieve the goals of environmental education in their schools. Teachers recognize the importance of studying environmental topics, not only for gaining knowledge, skills, and experiences but also for fostering students’ environmental awareness. The capacity of schools to support environmental education is most strongly influenced by extracurricular activities and various educational programs. This research highlights the crucial role of primary schools in meeting the goals of environmental education and lays the groundwork for further studies in this area, particularly focusing on teachers’ professional development and the acquisition of environmental competencies.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Systems
Authors:   Singidunum University Belgrade, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Serbia, Spalević Žaklina , Milosavljević Srđan ,   University of Pristina in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Economics, Serbia, Dubljanin Dobrivoje ,   University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, Serbia, Popović Gradimirka ,   Kosovo and Metohija Academy of Applied Studies, Serbia, Ilić Miloš ,   Toplica Academy of Apllied Studies, Prokuplje, Serbia
Published: December 2024

The problem we tried to solve relates to the application of artificial intelligence in the legal and judicial system. Given the fact that artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly taking precedence in various areas of human existence and work, it is an undoubted fact that the legal and judicial systems have not been left out either. It is precisely for this reason that the current state of the use of artificial intelligence in the judicial system, as well as potential new solutions, was first reviewed. In addition to the current one, we focused on the application of artificial intelligence in the legal and judicial system, especially in the domain of decision-making. In this regard, in this paper we propose the use of explainable artificial intelligence, which increasingly takes place when dealing with systems in which the precision and clarity of the parameters on the basis of which a decision is made are of great importance. Looking at the advantages of using explainable artificial intelligence in the decision-making process, one gets the impression that the application of such a model of neural networks can provide the necessary and sufficient conditions for the legal system to accept the use of artificial intelligence in decision-making in the judicial system.
USING NEURAL NETWORKS FOR AGROCHEMICAL SOIL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Rudoy D.V. ,   Agricultural Research Center «Donskoy», Zernograd, Russian Federation, Chigvintsev V.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Olshevskaya A.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Odabashyan M.Yu. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Donskoy D.Yu. ,   Scientific Research Laboratory "Modeling and development of intelligent technical systems of agroindustrial complex", Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Ivliev E.A. ,   Scientific Research Laboratory "Modeling and development of intelligent technical systems of agroindustrial complex", Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

In a neural network, it is possible, based on the analysis of several million photographs, to teach in a few milliseconds to distinguish cultivated crops from weeds. By analyzing the effectiveness of herbicides, the neural network is able to make the right decisions to reduce crop contamination. A neural network can distinguish a healthy plant from a sick one. The system is able to determine the degree of threat to future crops and suggest ways to solve the problem. In the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation, there are a large number of tasks that can be solved using artificial intelligence. The trained neural network is able to adapt to the agro-climatic features of regions and individual market agents.
MODELING OF BIOCONVERSION PROCESSES IN THE UTILIZATION OF FOOD WASTE IN HOSPITALS USING BLACK SOLDIER FLY LARVAE
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Krotova O.E. , Toreeva E.S. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

Food waste is a social problem because it reduces the amount of safe and nutritious food, increases the risk of contamination due to improper disposal, attracts pests, promotes the growth of harmful bacteria, and exacerbates environmental problems that threaten agricultural productivity.
Research objectives: to find out how hospital food waste can be turned into nutrient-rich animal feed and fertilizer by setting standards based on the amount of food waste from inpatients; to see how different waste treatment methods affect growth and nutrient uptake by larvae.
INFLUENCE OF NO-TILL TECHNOLOGY ON SOIL IN REGIONS WITH A HUMID CLIMATE
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Agaselimova S.S.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the impact of no-till technology on the condition and properties of soil in humid climates. No-till technology, aimed at minimizing mechanical tillage, is becoming increasingly popular among agricultural producers striving for sustainable agriculture. In humid climates, where the likelihood of erosion and moisture loss is high, no-till helps preserve the structural properties of the soil, improve water balance and increase fertility.
The study analyzes the changes that occur in the physical, chemical and biological components of the soil when using no-till. Advantages such as compaction and improvement of soil structure, increased organic matter content and biological activity are discussed, as well as possible disadvantages, including the risk of weed accumulation and changes in the microbiological community.