bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decoder-Type Scan Driver Suitable for Flexible and Stretchable Displays
Authors: Kang Seo Jin , Lee Hyuk Su , Woo Jae Geun , Yu Eun Seong , Lee Jong Mo , Bae Byung Seong
Published: February 2022

The integration of a scan drive circuit is required for flexible and stretchable displays because a rigid scan driver IC is not flexible and stretchable. In this study, decoder-type scan drivers were developed using amorphous IGZO thin-film transistors for both depletion and enhancement mode TFTs. Simulations and measurements show that the proposed decoder-type scan driver operates well for both the enhancement and depletion-mode TFTs without error. The measurement results show that the proposed circuit provides scan pulses well, even with depletion-mode TFTs with a large negative threshold voltage of around −25 V.
Efficient Management of Fast Charging Systems Based on a Real-Time Monitoring System
Authors: Kim Do-Hyun , Kim Min-Soo , Prabakar Kandasamy , Kim Hee-Je
Published: February 2022

Fast charging technology is attracting attention due to the increase in the use of batteries such as EV (Electric Vehicle), LEV (Light Electric Vehicle) and ESSs (Energy Storage Systems). Fast charging of the battery has problems such as fire, heat, and performance degradation of the battery. In the case of fast charging, a large current is applied to the battery to charge it. For this reason, information of battery voltage, battery current and temperature is important when charging a battery. Excessive current, overvoltage, and overheating beyond the standard value can cause deterioration of battery performance and a direct cause of fire. Therefore, the condition of the battery must be operated in the condition that meets the battery standard. To overcome these problems, we are trying to solve problems such as battery overheating and accidents by applying real-time monitoring technology, User Mode and Auto Control Mode. In this paper, we propose a real-time monitoring system based on the PHPOC Wi-Fi Shield. It operates to efficiently manage the charger and battery status based on real-time data, and is verified through real-time monitoring of the proposed system.
Over 30 Years of Pediatric Liver Transplantation at the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Authors: Moosburner Simon , Wiering Leke , Gül-Klein Safak , Ritschl Paul , Dziodzio Tomasz , Raschzok Nathanael , Witzel Christian , Gratopp Alexander , Henning Stephan , Bufler Philip , Schmelzle Moritz , Lurje Georg , Schöning Wenzel , Pratschke Johann , Globke Brigitta , Öllinger Robert
Published: February 2022

Background: Pediatric liver transplantation (LT) is the treatment of choice for children with end-stage liver disease and in certain cases of hepatic malignancies. Due to low case numbers, a technically demanding procedure, the need for highly specialized perioperative intensive care, and immunological, as well as infectious, challenges, the highest level of interdisciplinary cooperation is required. The aim of our study was to analyze short- and long-term outcomes of pediatric LT in our center. Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-center analysis of all liver transplantations in pediatric patients (≤16 years) performed at the Department of Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin between 1991 and 2021. Three historic cohorts (1991–2004, 2005–2014 and 2015–2021) were defined. Graft- and patient survival, as well as perioperative parameters were analyzed. The study was approved by the institutional ethics board. Results: Over the course of the 30-year study period, 212 pediatric LTs were performed at our center. The median patient age was 2 years (IQR 11 years). Gender was equally distributed (52% female patients). The main indications for liver transplantation were biliary atresia (34%), acute hepatic necrosis (27%) and metabolic diseases (13%). The rate of living donor LT was 25%. The median cold ischemia time for donation after brain death (DBD) LT was 9 h and 33 min (IQR 3 h and 46 min). The overall donor age was 15 years for DBD donors and 32 years for living donors. Overall, respective 1, 5, 10 and 30-year patient and graft survivals were 86%, 82%, 78% and 65%, and 78%, 74%, 69% and 55%. One-year patient survival was 85%, 84% and 93% in the first, second and third cohort, respectively (p = 0.14). The overall re-transplantation rate was 12% (n = 26), with 5 patients (2%) requiring re-transplantation within the first 30 days. Conclusion: The excellent long-term survival over 30 years showcases the effectiveness of liver transplantation in pediatric patients. Despite a decrease in DBD organ donation, patient survival improved, attributed, besides refinements in surgical technique, mainly to improved interdisciplinary collaboration and management of perioperative complications.
Circulating SPINT1 Is Reduced in a Preeclamptic Cohort with Co-Existing Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Murphy Ciara N. , Cluver Catherine A. , Walker Susan P. , Keenan Emerson , Hastie Roxanne , MacDonald Teresa M. , Hannan Natalie J. , Brownfoot Fiona C. , Cannon Ping , Tong Stephen , Kaitu’u-Lino Tu’uhevaha J.
Published: February 2022

Fetal growth restriction (FGR), when undetected antenatally, is the biggest risk factor for preventable stillbirth. Maternal circulating SPINT1 is reduced in pregnancies, which ultimately deliver small for gestational age (SGA) infants at term (birthweight < 10th centile), compared to appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants (birthweight ≥ 10th centile). SPINT1 is also reduced in FGR diagnosed before 34 weeks’ gestation. We hypothesised that circulating SPINT1 would be decreased in co-existing preterm preeclampsia and FGR. Plasma SPINT1 was measured in samples obtained from two double-blind, randomised therapeutic trials. In the Preeclampsia Intervention with Esomeprazole trial, circulating SPINT1 was decreased in women with preeclampsia who delivered SGA infants (n = 75, median = 18,857 pg/mL, IQR 10,782–29,890 pg/mL, p < 0.0001), relative to those delivering AGA (n = 22, median = 40,168 pg/mL, IQR 22,342–75,172 pg/mL). This was confirmed in the Preeclampsia Intervention 2 with metformin trial where levels of SPINT1 in maternal circulation were reduced in SGA pregnancies (n = 95, median = 57,764 pg/mL, IQR 42,212–91,356 pg/mL, p < 0.0001) compared to AGA controls (n = 40, median = 107,062 pg/mL, IQR 70,183–176,532 pg/mL). Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) and sFlt-1 were also measured. PlGF was significantly reduced in the SGA pregnancies, while ratios of sFlt-1/SPINT1 and sFlt1/PlGF were significantly increased. This is the first study to demonstrate significantly reduced SPINT1 in co-existing FGR and preeclamptic pregnancies.
Adult Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and the Skeleton
Authors: Georgakopoulou Danae , Anastasilakis Athanasios D. , Makras Polyzois
Published: February 2022

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare inflammatory neoplasia in which somatic mutations in components of the MAPK/ERK pathway have been identified. Osseous involvement is evident in approximately 80% of all patients and may present as a single osteolytic lesion, as a multi-ostotic single system disease or as part of multisystem disease. Both exogenous, such as treatment with glucocorticoids, and endogenous parameters, such as anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies and inflammatory cytokines, may severely affect bone metabolism in LCH. Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are usually required to precisely assess the degree of bone involvement; 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography—CT can both detect otherwise undetectable LCH lesions and differentiate metabolically active from inactive or resolved disease, while concomitantly being useful in the assessment of treatment response. Treatment of skeletal involvement may vary depending on location, extent, size, and symptoms of the disease from close observation and follow-up in unifocal single-system disease to chemotherapy and gene-targeted treatment in cases with multisystem involvement. In any case of osseous involvement, bisphosphonates might be considered as a treatment option especially if pain relief is urgently needed. Finally, a patient-specific approach is suggested to avoid unnecessary extensive surgical interventions and/or medical overtreatment.
Through the Looking Glass: Unraveling the Stage-Shift of Acute Rejection in Renal Allografts
Authors: Sarwal Reuben D. , Yazar Wanzin , Titzler Nicholas , Wong Jeremy , Lai Chih-hung , Chin Christopher , Krieger Danielle , Stoll Jeff , Dias Lourenco Francisco , Sarwal Minnie M. , Ghosh Srinka
Published: February 2022

Sub-optimal sensitivity and specificity in current allograft monitoring methodologies underscore the need for more accurate and reflexive immunosurveillance to uncover the flux in alloimmunity between allograft health and the onset and progression of rejection. QSant—a urine based multi-analyte diagnostic test—was developed to profile renal transplant health and prognosticate injury, risk of evolution, and resolution of acute rejection. Q-Score—the composite score, across measurements of DNA, protein and metabolic biomarkers in the QSant assay—enables this risk prognostication. The domain of immune quiescence—below a Q-Score threshold of 32—is well established, based on published AUC of 98% for QSant. However, the trajectory of rejection is variable, given that causality is multi-factorial. Injury and subtypes of rejection are captured by the progression of Q-Score. This publication explores the clinical utility of QSant across the alloimmunity gradient of 32–100 for the early diagnosis of allograft injury and rejection.
Bleeding Risk Factors after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Early Gastric Cancer and the Necessity of “Second-Look” Endoscopic Examination on the following Day
Authors: Kobayashi Rika , Kawaura Ken , Ito Tohru , Azukisawa Sadafumi , Kunou Hiroaki , Kamai Junji , Hamada Kazu , Mukai Tsuyoshi , Kitakata Hidekazu , Ishigaki Yasuhito
Published: February 2022

Background and Aim: Hemorrhage is often encountered after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). In addition to active bleeding after resection, exposed blood vessels and blood clots without active bleeding on the post-dissection ulcer floor have been recognized within our department. We consider exposed and/or observable vessel findings and clots on the ulcer floor after re-section as important risk factors for hemorrhage. Here, we compared and examined the active bleeding frequency and “post-resection ulcer at risk of bleeding” on the day following ESD, in relation to their risk factors. Method: We retrospectively examined 447 patients who underwent second-look endoscopy in our department between August 2008 and March 2018. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval. We compared the association of each factor mentioned above with active bleeding on the day after ESD and the presence of ulcers at risk of bleeding after resection. Results: Our retrospective analysis revealed that the risk factors were larger ulcer sizes and the administration of antithrombotic drugs. Additionally, the risk was low for upper body lesions but high for antral lesions. Conclusion: Our results may help determine whether second-look endoscopy should be performed to minimize active bleeding after ESD, reduce postoperative complications, and improve medical safety.
Role of New Potential Biomarkers in the Risk of Thromboembolism in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Pezzo Mario Piergiulio , Tufano Antonella , Franchini Massimo
Published: February 2022

Ischemic stroke risk in atrial fibrillation differs from patient to patient, depending on numerous variables. Many attempts have been made to translate this difference into simple numbers and to compare it to the hemorrhagic risk of anticoagulation. Different clinical scores have been studied to define a clear strategy. One score, the CHA2DS2-VASc score, has been extensively and successfully applied worldwide. Nevertheless, it is not yet the “perfect instrument”. Many proposals have been made to integrate its clinical parameters with some biomarkers to improve its predictive power. This short review describes some of these biomarkers and their possible implications in potentiating the efficacy of clinical scores.
High-Intensity Focused-Ultrasound Focal Therapy Versus Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: A Comparison of Oncological and Functional Outcomes in Low- and Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Nyk Łukasz , Michalak Wojciech , Szempliński Stanisław , Woźniak Rafał , Zagożdżon Bartłomiej , Krajewski Wojciech , Kryst Piotr , Kamecki Hubert , Poletajew Sławomir
Published: February 2022

To compare oncological and functional outcomes of high-intensity focused-ultrasound (HIFU) focal therapy (FT) versus laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) in patients treated for low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa), we retrospectively analyzed data of consecutive patients comprising 30 men, who underwent HIFU-FT, and 96 men who underwent LRP, in an academic center. Oncological outcomes were assessed based on the follow-up prostate-specific antigen values. We used the International Index of Erectile Function short form score to assess erectile function (EF). Urinary continence status was defined based on the number of pads used per day. Median follow-up was 12.5 and 19.1 months in the LRP and HIFU-FT groups, respectively. The effects were computed after propensity score matching and expressed as average treatment effect (ATE). Compared to LRP, HIFU-FT was associated with increased risk of treatment failure (ATE 0.103–0.164, depending on definition, p < 0.01) and lower risk of urinary incontinence (ATE −0.808 at 12 months, p < 0.01). Risk of erectile dysfunction was higher in the LRP group (ATE 5.092, p < 0.01). Our results demonstrate that HIFU-FT may be a reasonable treatment option in selected PCa patients, willing to preserve their EF and urinary continence yet accepting a higher risk of treatment failure.
The Rapid Effects of Yellow-Legged Gull (Larus michahellis) Colony on Dune Habitats and Plant Landscape in the Atlantic Islands National Park (NW Spain)
Authors: Peña-Lastra Saúl De La , Torre Franck , Carballeira Rafael , Santiso María José , Pérez-Alberti Augusto , Otero Xosé Lois
Published: February 2022

The Atlantic Islands of Galicia Maritime/Terrestrial National Park hosts one of the largest breeding colonies of yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) in the world. In 2002, a new yellow-legged gull breeding colony was established on the Punta Muxieiro dune complex, which also harbors rare and threatened plant species and habitat types of community interest according to Directive 92/43/EEC. This study assesses the effect of this colony on two habitats of community interest: white dunes and grey dunes. For this purpose, plant cover and soil properties, composition, and nutrient content were monitored in plots with different gull densities. Moreover, historic aerial images were compiled to observe changes in the plant landscape of the dune system. The results showed that, despite the recentness of the occupation of the dune system by yellow-legged gull species, significant changes in acidic–alkaline processes and nutrient availability were already observed in soils. Soils in plots with higher gull density showed more acidic pH values and a higher content of the most labile N and P fractions. Moreover, a decrease in plant cover and number of species was also demonstrated in plots with higher gull densities. Finally, the presence of ruderal and alien species such as Urtica membranacea and Parietaria judaica was also observed.
BH3-Only Proteins Noxa and Puma Are Key Regulators of Induced Apoptosis
Authors: Roufayel Rabih , Younes Khaled , Al-Sabi Ahmed , Murshid Nimer
Published: February 2022

Apoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved and tightly regulated cell death pathway. Physiological cell death is important for maintaining homeostasis and optimal biological conditions by continuous elimination of undesired or superfluous cells. The BH3-only pro-apoptotic members are strong inducers of apoptosis. The pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein Noxa activates multiple death pathways by inhibiting the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, Mcl-1, and other protein members leading to Bax and Bak activation and MOMP. On the other hand, Puma is induced by p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptotic stimuli in several cancer cell lines. Moreover, this protein is involved in several physiological and pathological processes, such as immunity, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Future heat shock research could disclose the effect of hyperthermia on both Noxa and BH3-only proteins. This suggests post-transcriptional mechanisms controlling the translation of both Puma and Noxa mRNA in heat-shocked cells. This study was also the chance to recapitulate the different reactional mechanisms investigated for caspases.
Frequency and Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from Placenta of Mothers with Term and Preterm Deliveries
Authors: Farooqi Hafiz Muhammad Umer , Kim Kyung-Hwan , Kausar Farzana , Muhammad Javed , Bukhari Habib , Choi Kyung-Hyun
Published: February 2022

Globally, prematurity is the leading cause of neonatal mortality (babies in the first four weeks of life) and now the second leading cause of mortality after pneumonia in children under age five. The neonatal gut microbial colonization is crucial in the human life cycle. Placental microbiota transmits from the gut microbiota plays a significant role in association with kinship. Simultaneously, this transition is being made from mother to infant. This comparative study explored the diversity of microbiota associated with term and preterm neonates by evaluating the placental samples. The study found that 16/68 (23.5%) full-term placental samples were positive for S. aureus; on the other hand, 4/16 (25%) preterm placental samples confirmed culture growth for S. aureus. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns showed that Staphylococcusaureus (S. aureus) isolates from both types of samples were resistant to Ofloxacin, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Oxacillin, and Cefoxitin. However, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) detection was 43.75% in full-term and 75% in preterm placental samples. Moreover, two isolates were positive for both mecA and PVL virulent genes, and the rest were positive only for the mecA gene. Interestingly few isolates lacked both characteristic MRSA genes, mecA and PVL. Notably, resistances were more inclined towards preterm samples for antimicrobial susceptibility and MRSA screening. It may be concluded that there is a significant presence of S. aureus in the placenta of mothers with term and preterm deliveries which might be responsible for preterm deliveries. Therefore, judicious use of antibiotics during pregnancies may help prevent preterm births.
Polyploidization in Orchids: From Cellular Changes to Breeding Applications
Authors: Vilcherrez-Atoche Joe Abdul , Iiyama Carla Midori , Cardoso Jean Carlos
Published: February 2022

Polyploidy occurs naturally in plants through cell division errors or can artificially be induced by antimitotic agents and has ecological effects on species adaptation, evolution, and development. In agriculture, polyploidy provides economically improved cultivars. Furthermore, the artificial induction of polyploids increases the frequency; thus, it accelerates obtaining polyploid plants used in breeding programs. This is the reason for its use in developing many crops of economic interest, as is the case of orchids in the flower market. Polyploidy in ornamental plants is mainly associated with flowers of larger size, fragrance, and more intense coloring when compared to naturally diploid plants. Currently, orchids represent the largest flower market worldwide; thus, breeding programs aim to obtain flowers with the larger size, durability, intense colors, and resistance to pathogens. Furthermore, orchid hybridization with polyploidy induction has been used to produce improved hybrid cultivars. Thus, the objective of this review was to compile information regarding the natural occurrence, importance, and methods of induction of polyploidy in orchids. The study also summarizes the significance of polyploids and techniques associated with artificially inducing polyploidy in different orchids of commercial relevance.
Effect of UV-B Radiation on Flavonoids and Phenols Accumulation in Tempisque (Sideroxylon capiri Pittier) Callus
Authors: Martínez-Silvestre Karina E. , Santiz-Gómez José Alfredo , Luján-Hidalgo María Celina , Ruiz-Lau Nancy , Sánchez-Roque Yazmin , Gutiérrez-Miceli Federico A.
Published: February 2022

Tempisque (Sideroxylon capiri Pittier) is classified as a threatened species and has been reported with a high content of phenols and flavonoids in the leaves. The use of abiotic elicitors such as radiation has been reported due to the changes it produces in the metabolism of plants by activating their defense mechanisms and increasing the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds with antioxidant capacity such as phenols and flavonoids. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of UV-B radiation on growth parameters and the synthesis of bioactive compounds in in vitro culture of tempisque callus. For the callus induction, we used thidiazuron (TDZ) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mg/L. Calluses were exposed to UV-B radiation (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h/day) for two and four weeks. The highest callus formation index was obtained with TDZ and 2,4-D at 1 mg/mL. The greatest increase in the concentration of phenols and flavonoids was detected in the fourth week with 4 h of exposure per day. The highest concentrations of quercetin (230 µg/g dry weight), kaempferol (235 µg/g dry weight) and gallic acid (240 µg/g dry weight) were found in callus obtained from leaves explants.
Recent Advances in Environmentally Friendly and Green Degumming Processes of Silk for Textile and Non-Textile Applications
Authors: Zhu Lei , Lin Junxiong , Pei Liujun , Luo Yuni , Li Dali , Huang Zhichao
Published: February 2022

Silk has been widely used not only in the textile field but also in non-textile applications, which is composed of inner fibrous protein, named fibroin, and outer global protein, named sericin. Due to big differences, such as appearance, solubility, amino acid composition and amount of reactive groups, silk fibroin and sericin usually need to be separated before further process. The residual sericin may influence the molecular weight, structure, morphology and properties of silk fibroin, so that degumming of silk is important and necessary, not only in textile field but also in non-textile applications. Traditional textile degumming processes, including soap, alkali or both, could bring such problems as environmental damage, heavy use of water and energy, and damage to silk fibroin. Therefore, this review aims to present a systematic work on environmentally friendly and green degumming processes of raw silk, including art of green degumming process, quantitative and qualitative evaluation, influence of degumming on molecular weight, structure, morphology and properties of silk. It is anticipated that rational selection and design of environmentally friendly and green degumming process is quite important and meaningful, not only for textile application but also for non-textile application.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN GO-JEK
Authors: Ridwan Muhammad , Noviyanti Sintya
Published: February 2022

This study is to determine the effect of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty the sample used is 96 consumers. Hypothesis testing uses validity and reliability tests, especially classiﬁcation assumptions such as normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test and autocorrelation test. The analysis used is regression and correlation analysis, determination, t test and f test, based on the results of research partially showing that service quality has a positive and significant influence on Gojek Customer Loyalty with a significance of 0.000 <0.05 and a tcount of 3.762 and for customer satisfaction. Partially also shows that customer satisfaction has a positive and significant influence on Gojek Customer Loyalty, which is significant 0.001 <0.05 and tcount is 3.568. Meanwhile, the results of the simultaneous test show that service quality and customer satisfaction have a simultaneous effect on gojek customer loyalty
ANALISIS HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN OTOMOTIF DAN KOMPONEN DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Nurulhuda Elly Soraya , Lutfiati Anis , Setiawan Topan
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting stock prices, empirical study of manufacturing companies in the automotive and component sectors on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2011-2019. This research. using purposive sampling with a sample of 9 automotive and component companies. The data used in this study, in the form of secondary data. Using panel data regression with Eviews 9. The results of the research variable Earnings Per Share (EPS), Price Earning Ratio (PER), and Dividend Per Share (DPS) have a significant effect on stock prices. Earning Per Share (EPS) has no significant positive effect. Price Earning Ratio (PER) has a significant positive effect, and Dividend Per Share (DPS) has a positive and insignificant effect. The coefficient of determination (R Square) of EPS, PER, and DPS on the stock price is 84%. Proving that EPS, PER and DPS explain 84% of Beta Shares, while the remaining 16% is due to other factors outside the variables studied
Retrospective analysis of functional and anatomical changes, the level of intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma and highgrade myopia during surgical treatment of cataracts
Authors: Krasnozhan O. V. , Lutsenko N. S.
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. To conduct a retrospective analysis of functional, morphometric changes, the level of intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification of cataracts in the early and late postoperative period in patients with glaucoma and highgrade myopia.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of lens morphometric parameters, baseline IOP in patients with PVKG and MIA, IOP in the early and late postoperative period (12 months) in 60 patients who underwent surgical treatment of cataracts by phacoemulsification. There were 2 groups: 1 group consisted of 20 patients with glaucoma, including men – 11, women – 9, the average age of patients in this group was 73,42 ± 6,8 years, the second group consisted of 20 patients with MIA, including men – 8, women – 12, the average age was 71,46 ± 8,25 years. The control group included 20 patients with cataracts (36 eyes), of whom there were 10 men, 10 women, the average age of patients was 70,82 ± 10,25 years.

Patients in all groups were homogeneous and comparable in sex and age. Patients of the 1st observation group were in a state of compensation for the level of IOP on the background of the use of antiglaucoma drugs. All patients underwent standard ophthalmological examination, including visometry, perimetry, tonometers, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscope, echobiometry, keratorefractometry.

Results. A retrospective analysis of functional and anatomical changes in patients with glaucoma and highgrade myopia during surgical treatment of cataracts indicates the effect of FEC + IOL on the condition of ophthalmotonus and functional parameters of the eyes in both early and late postoperative period.

Conclusion. Analysis of examination of patients with primary openangle glaucoma and high grade myopia revealed differences in functional, morphometric parameters and the level of intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification of cataracts. Maximum corrected visual acuity (MCG) after phacoemulsification of cataracts was significantly increased in all observation groups. The frequency of thick lenses in the control group was 25%, in the group with PVKG – 35%, and in patients with MIA the incidence was minimal, «respectively – 10%. In the remote period 1 year after FEC there is a decrease in IOP in the control group and in glaucoma patients by 0,8 and 1,1 mm Hg, respectively, while in the group of patients in the Ministry of Internal Affairs there is an increase in ophthalmotonus by 0,7 mm Hg (P  0,05). The frequency of reduction of IOP 1 year after FEC is 70% in patients of the control group, 55% in patients with glaucoma and 10% in patients with high myopia.
Tactics of the treatment of the purulent arthritis of the ankle joint
Authors: Klyatskiy Yu. P. , Tribushnoy O. V. , Trufanov I. I. , Kosilo V. V.
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. To develop a systematic approach to the treatment of various clinical forms of septic complications after open fractures dislocations in the ankle joint.

Materials and methods. 36 patients were treated. Of these, 28 (78, 3%) are men and 8 (21,7%) are women of working age. The basis of surgical treatment was radical sequestrectomy – resection of articular joint surfaces and through bone osteosynthesis according to Ilizarov.

In the postoperative period, patients received antibacterial, vascular and detoxification therapy. During dressings, the wound was flushed with antiseptics through drainage tubes. In the presence of significant necrosis of soft tissues, VAKtherapy, laser therapy, prolonged intraosseous blockade were prescribed.

Results and discussion. Longterm results were studied in 31 (83,7%) patients. Bone ankylosis occurred in 29 (78,3%) patients, 3 (8,1%) patients in connection with the progression of the inflammatory process in the talus bone performed the second operation astragalectomy.

Conclusion. When the inflammation of the articular surface is affected, resection of the joint with subsequent compression of the arthrodesis is necessary. The Ilizarov apparatus provides a stable fixation at the site of resection.
HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNOEA SYNDROME
Authors: Tokarenko O. I. , Andreieva Ia. O.
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. To assess 24-hours heart rate variability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Materials and Methods. The 143 eligible patients with OSA were enrolled into the main group in this study. Twenty healthy subjects with increased body weight and without significant chronic pathologies were included into the control group. The mean age and gender characteristics of the groups were similar. Each patient underwent a clinical evaluation during the consultation (with measurement of body mass, height, circumference of the neck, waist and hips), biological tests, cardio-respiratory monitoring and Holter ECG monitoring.

Results and discussion. The average daily HR, HRmax and HRmin the main group was higher in comparison with the control group, but the sechanges had no significant differences (p  0,05). The heart rate analysis at night in patients with OSAS revealed the presence of periodic episodes of severe bradycardia (up to 28 beats/min) with subsequent episodes of tachycardia and normalization of heart rhythm. Episodes of bradycardia/tachycardia duringsleep inpatientswith OSAScould beexplaned as the response of the autonomic nervous system to periods of apnea/hypopnea. It was found that most indicators in patients of the main group and control group differed statistically significant in the HRV analysis. Thus, SDNN and RMSSD in patients from main group were lower than the corresponding values in the control group (p = 0,022, p = 0,038, respectively). During the day the value of pNN50 did not differ significantly between the groups, but at night this parameter decreased but was lower by 40% from the control value (p = 0,007). The maximum values during the day for SDNN and pNN50 in the main group were resisted at night in comparison with the control group. There was a pathological increase in the spectral parameters (VLF, LF, LFN) during the day and at night in patients with OSAS, which indicated persistent hypersympathicotonia during daytime and nighttime. During the correlation analysis, a direct correlation was established between AHI, BMI and neck circumference (r = 0,73, p = 0,007; r = 0,71, p=0,003, respectively). When compared with the spectral indices of HRV, an inverse correlation was established between the indices SDNNnight, and AHI (r = –0,71, p = 0,024), a positive correlation between LFnight and AHI (r = 0,70, p = 0,011) and the negative correlation between AHI and RMSSDnight (r = –0,63, p = 0,013).

Conclusions. It was shown that all patients with OSAS have Imbalance between branches of the automatic nervous system which manifest as an pathological increase of activity of sympathetic branch in the day, and at night as well. A significant correlations between AHI and BMI (r = 0,73, p = 0,007), neck circumference (r = 0,71, p = 0,003), and SDNNnight (r =–0,71, p = 0,024), LFnight (r = 0,70, p = 0,011), RMSSDnight (r =-0,63, p = 0,013)) were established.
Assessment of quality of life of patients with colon cancer depending on the type of perioperative anesthetia
Authors: Tenkach O. O. , Palahonych E. S.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the study. Assess the quality of life of patients with colon cancer in the perioperative period, depending on the chosen method of anesthesia.

Materials and methods. In the period from January to August 2020, an analysis of the results of anesthesia in 32 patients with colon cancer was performed on the basis of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of KNP «ZPC» ZOR. Two groups of patients were formed in a randomized manner. The difference between the groups was the difference in drug combinations and dosages of anesthesia. Subjective pain assessment studies in patients were performed using a visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaire. The EQ 5D scale (5-point pain scale) was used to assess quality of life. The Hamilton scale was used to assess the patient's psycho-emotional state. Student's mean T test was used to compare pain levels before and after surgery, and p < 0,05 was considered statistically significant.

Results. There was a statistically significant difference between cortisol levels after surgery in patients of groups I and II (p = 0,0001). When comparing insulin and blood glucose, it was found that the results of biochemical parameters are lower in group II patients, indicating a lower level of pain or its absence in the first 6 hours after surgery (p = 0,0001). Patients in groups I and II had an increase in the VAS scale, but in patients who used only general anesthesia, the rates were twice as high as in the group of patients who used a combination of epidural anesthesia (p = 0,0001).

Evaluating the results of the questionnaire on the EQ 5D scale, a similar picture was established as when evaluating on the VAS scale where in the second group of patients statistically significantly lower pain rates than in the first group (p = 0,0001). The level of anxiety in patients who underwent epidural anesthesia decreased slightly in the postoperative period compared with baseline (p = 0,005).

Conclusions. The quality of life of patients in the second group is higher than in patients of group I according to the questionnaire scale EQ 5D (p = 0,0001). The level of anxiety in patients of group I is higher in the first 6 hours after surgery than in patients of group II where epidural anesthesia is used (p = 0,0001).
A new methodology for systemic audit of ischemic stroke in the most acute and acute periods of the disease
Authors: Smyrnova L. M. , Shifrin G. A. , Serikov K. V.
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. Create a methodology for systemic audit of ischemic stroke (IS) in the most acute and acute periods of the disease.

Materials and methods. The clinical study included 328 patients with IS (mean age 71,26 ± 0,44 years), who were in the intensive care unit of the neurology department in the most acute and acute periods of the disease. There were 147 men (mean age 69,80 ± 0,66 years), women 181 (mean age 72,45 ± 0,58 years).

According to the intensity of ESST disorders, assistive technologies of personalized intensive therapy (IT) were developed, such as homeostasisprovision for eubiotic state, energy-protection for hypoergic dysfunction, energy-resuscitation for hypoergic damage, energy-correction for hypoergic insufficiency, status-protection for hyperergic dysfunction, status-resuscitation for hyperergic damage, status-correction for hyperergic insufficiency.

Results. The main parameters of energystructural status (ESST), which characterize the stabilization of the general condition of patients in the most acute and acute periods of IMI, such as cardiac index (CI) in the range of 2,99–3,79 L×min-1 × m-2, oxygen delivery (DO ) at the level of 415–514 ml × min-1 × m-2; oxygen consumption (VO2) in the range of 130–160 ml × min-1 × m-2; basal metabolism (BM) in the range of 916–1134 kcal × day-1 × m-2 and specific peripheral vascular resistance (SPVR) in the range of 29–36 conditional unit.

Conclusion. The conducted clinical research allowed to develop assistive technologies of personalized IT, which were used depending on the severity of energy-structural disorders in patients with IS. The use of personalized IT technologies, in accordance with the intensity of ESST recovery, has reduced mortality, the number of complications and the length of stay of patients with IS in the intensive care units of the neurology department.
Treatment of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Ханюков А.А. , Песоцкая Л.А. , Сапожниченко Л.В. , Пампуха А.А.
Published: February 2022

Введение. Дефицит железа широко распространен среди пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью (ХСН) и ассоциирован у таких пациентов со сниженной способностью к физическим нагрузкам, ухудшением качества жизни и худшим прогнозом независимо от наличия анемии, поэтому коррекция дефицита железа - актуальный вопрос в контексте лечения пациентов с ХСН. Цель. Провести обзор литературы, содержащей современные данные о лечении анемии и дефицита железа у пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью. Материалы. В данной работе представлен обзор литературы, посвященной лечению анемии и дефицита железа у пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью. Результаты. Клинические исследования внутривенной терапии железом пациентов с симптомной ХСН и сниженной фракцией выброса левого желудочка демонстрируют, что коррекция дефицита железа ассоциирована со значительным увеличением толерантности к физической нагрузке, уменьшением симптомов, улучшением качества жизни и снижением частоты госпитализаций. Использование железа карбоксимальтозата у пациентов с декомпенсацией ХСН позволяет предупредить последующие декомпенсации. Относительно пероральной терапии препаратами железа, которая часто используется как первая линия терапии дефицита железа у пациентов с ХСН, можно отметить, что применение такой лекарственной формы не имеет достаточных клинических данных, которые подтверждали бы ее эффективность. Выводы. Своевременная диагностика и лечение позволяют улучшить качество жизни, повысить толерантность к физической нагрузке и снизить частоту госпитализаций у пациентов с ХСН.

Introduction. Iron deficiency is widespread among patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and associated with reduced ability to exercise, deterioration of the quality of life, worse prognosis, regardless of the presence of anemia. Correction of iron deficiency is an actual issue in the context of treatment of patients with CHF. Purpose. Review of literature illustrating current data about treatment of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods. This work presents the review of literature about treatment of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with chronic heart failure. Results. Clinical studies of intravenous iron therapy in patients with symptomatic CHF and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction demonstrate that correction of iron deficiency is associated with significant increase of exercise tolerance, decrease of the symptoms and hospital admissions, improvement of the quality of life. The use of iron carboxymaltosate in patients with CHF decompensation prevents subsequent decompensations. As for oral therapy with iron preparations, which is often used as the first line of therapy for iron deficiency in patients with CHF, treatment with such a dosage form does not have sufficient clinical data to confirm its effectiveness.
REVIVING PERFORMANCE BY ADOPTING CHAMELEON STYLE OF LEADERSHIP
Authors: Massoudi Aram
Published: February 2022

With new, diverse, and complicated challenges facing contemporary leaders in today’s ‎changing and distinct environment, it is essential for organizations to move away from ‎old and traditional leadership practices and embrace new ones. This study focused on ‎adopting the concept of “Chameleon Leadership”, the capacity to be able to amend ‎your tactics, much as a chameleon does to improve organizational performance. The ‎study relied on the descriptive deductive approach; this approach comprises of ‎formulating the hypotheses and tests them during the study process. The sample consists ‎of 126 randomly selected staff from various faculties at Albaath University, Syria. ‎The objective was to show if the adoption of chameleon leadership could improve ‎university performance. The result showed that there is a significant relationship between ‎‎the chameleon style of leadership ‎‎and outstanding university performance. Also, the adoption of chameleon leadership ‎characteristics can enable organizations to achieve outstanding performance in their ‎work. For success and development of chameleon operations, the ‎researcher suggested that universities must conduct extensive training about ‎chameleon leadership methods in line with the reality of the university despite the ‎existence of laws that hinder the development process.
The role of CD34-positive cells in the angiogenesis of malignant tissues
Authors: Reva Ivan , Stegniy Kirill , Dvoinikova Ekaterina , Mozhilevskaya Ekaterina , Fleischman Marina , Ichenko Stanislav , Tolmachev Valeriy , Sementsov Igor , Slabenko Ellada , Zvyagintsev Dmitriy , Gorbarenko Rodion  , , Zolotov Aleksandr , Obydennikova Tamara , Reva Galina
Published: February 2022

Development of methods for targeted treatment aimed at inhibiting angiogenesis in malignant tissues is of great importance for modern oncology. The features of expression of CD34-positive cells at the border of the tumor and malignant tissue were studied. High expression of CD34-positive cells in small and large vessels during malignancy and is in correlation with the size of the tumor and the age of the disease. A promising target for targeted treatment is VEGF, as the main regulator of angiogenesis during tissue malignancy.
Comparative morphometric analysis of age-related changes in the pyramidal neurons of the human prefrontal and posterior associative cortex from birth to 7 years
Authors: Omar Sami , Tsekhmistrenko Tatiana , Vasilyeva Valentina , Astashov Vadim , obukhov dmitry , Magomedova Patimat
Published: February 2022

Aim: This article is devoted to the study of age-related changes in the body volume of pyramidal neurons (VP) of the human prefrontal (PFC) and posterior associative cortex (PAC) in children from birth to 7 years of age. Methods: The material consisted of left cerebral hemispheres obtained from 60 male individuals. We studied the areas 8, 45 and 10 in the PFC and area 37 in subareas 37ac, 37a, 37d in the PAC. For morphometry of pyramidal neurons in cortical sublayer III3, we used virtual images of serial frontal paraffin sections of cortex 10 thick stained by Nissl. We determined the mean value of VP (mean VP), the standard error of the mean, and the confidence interval for each age group. Results: The most significant changes in the mean VP in all studied cortical areas occurred during the first 6 months of life. The greatest increase in the VP was detected in the PFC from 3.5 to 7 years, and in the PAC from 1.5 to 3 years of age. There are close positive correlations between agerelated changes in the size of neurons in the PFC and in the PAC. Conclusion: In children, the development of pyramidal neurons of the external pyramidal plate in the PAC occurs earlier and at a more intensive pace compared to the PFC. We suggest that VP is an important quantitative indicator that allows us to assess the timing and rate of age-related structural changes in the cerebral cortex.
Causes of mortality in neonates with extremely low and very low weight
Authors: Vychristuck Julia , Lebedeva Svetlana
Published: February 2022

The new methods that have been used to preserve pregnancy have reduced the frequency of premature birth. However, in this case, there is still a high mortality rate among neonates. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the main causes of mortality in neonates with extremely low and low body weight. Results: The largest proportion of deaths among newborn babies with extremely low and low body weight was recorded during the gestation period of 25-26 weeks – 76.9%, at the gestation period of 27-28 weeks, deaths were 36.8%. The leading cause of death of premature newborns in the neonatal period is massive intracranial hemorrhages (45.5%). Intrauterine infection of various etiologies occupies three times the place of causes of mortality of premature newborns and occurs in 24.2%. Conclusion: Among newborns with extremely low and low body weight, mortality is present in every fifth case, the causes of which were: intracranial hemorrhages, intrauterine infection, respiratory distress syndrome.
Newest Healthcare Industry Trends to Combat Covid-19
Authors: Tyminski Georg
Published: February 2022

Editorial
Issues of Reading Habits Among Malaysian Students: School and Home Perceptions
Authors: A Ghani Muhammad Faizal , Zulkifli Mohd Fauzan , Mohd Radzi Norfariza , A. Ghani Maszuria
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze issues of reading habits among school students in Malaysia. This study used a qualitative method by conducting semi-structured interviews with school leaders, teachers, and parents in urban and rural areas. Sample selection used the purposive sampling method. Criteria in selecting study participants were position, teaching experience, background related to students' reading habits, and willingness to participate in this study. The findings of this study were analyzed using thematic methods. The analysis of the issues in urban areas resulted in five (5) themes for urban areas, while there were nine (9) themes for rural areas. These themes have been arranged according to the priority of the issue. The themes of issues faced in urban areas consist of (i) Students' Attitudes and Reading Awareness, (ii) Current Reading Programs Need to Be Improved, (iii) Changes in Reading Styles and Technological Developments, (iv) Aspects of Students' Environment That Do Not Support Reading Habits and (v) No Specific Time Allocation for Reading Activities. The results of the analysis of the findings of the study with participants in rural areas consist of (i) Lack of Family Support, (ii) No facilities, (iii) Students' Attitudes and Reading Awareness, (iv) Lack of Interesting Resources and Reading Materials, (v) Limited Reading Resources, (vi) Lack of Teacher Training on Reading Practice Skills, (vii) Aspects of Students' Environment That Do Not Support Reading Habits, (viii) Current Reading Program Need Improvement, (ix) No Clear Guidelines or Profile. The results of this study can serve as a reference, especially at the stakeholder level, such as for the District Education Office, School Administrators, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) as well as for policymakers who may utilize the findings of this study to identify and improve the community and students in Malaysia as a reading community.