bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KORELASI ANTARA FLAVONOID TOTAL DENGAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DAUN GEDI HIJAU (Abelmoschus manihot L.)
Authors: Suoth Josua A.T. , Sudewi Sri , Wewengkang Defny S.
Published: April 2021

One chemichal component that is often reported to have pharmacological activity against treatment or prevention of disease is flavonoids which can be found in gedi hijau leaves. Staphylococcus aureus is the main cause of infection in humans which can cause various severe infections. This study aims to determine the total flavonoids content, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). To determine the correlation between total flavonoids and antibacterial activity of extract and fractions (Abelmoschus manihot L.), The method of this study was done by obtaining the results of total flavonoid content, testing the antibacterial activity by dilution using a positive control of ciprofloxacin. The results showed the highest total flavonoid content in ethyl acetate fraction, and the best antibacterial activity in ethyl acetate fraction. Correlation between total flavonoid content from extract and fraction (Abelmoschus manihot L.) with antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria on ethyl acetate fraction, n-hexane fraction, and ethanol extract at a concentration of 1000 µg / mL had good values with kneeling significance values according to 0.012 (p <0.05), 0.034 (p <0.05), and 0.023 (p <0.05) with total flavonoid content affecting how much antibacterial activity is 40% for ethyl acetate fraction, 35% fraction n -heksane and 33% ethanol extract. Keywords         : Antibacterial, Total Flavonoids, Staphylococcus aureus, Abelmoschus manihot L. ABSTRAK Salah satu komponen kimia yang sering dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas farmakologi terhadap pengobatan atau pencegahan penyakit adalah flavonoid yang dapat ditemukan pada daun gedi hijau. Staphylococcus aureus merupakan kuman penyebab utama infeksi pada manusia yang dapat menyebabkan berbagai infeksi berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kandungan flavonoid total, aktivitas antibakteri dan korelasi antara flavonoid total dengan aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak dan fraksi (Abelmoschus manihot L.). Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mendapatkan hasil kandungan flavonoid total, uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan cara dilusi menggunakan kontrol positif ciprofloxacin. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kandungan flavonoid total tertinggi pada fraksi etil asetat, dan aktivitas antibakteri paling bagus pada fraksi etil asetat. Korelasi antara kandungan flavonoid total dari ekstrak dan fraksi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) dengan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada fraksi etil asetat, fraksi n-heksane, dan ekstrak etanol pada konsentrasi 1000 µg/mL memiliki nilai yang baik baik dengan nilai signifikansi bertutut-turut 0,012 (p <0,05), 0,034  (p <0,05), dan 0,023 (p <0,05) dengan kandungan flavonoid total mempengaruhi seberapa besar aktivitas antibakteri yaitu 40% untuk fraksi etil asetat, 35% fraksi n-heksane dan 33% ekstrak etanol.Kata kunci          : Antibakteri, Flavonoid Total, Staphylococcus aureus, Abelmoschus manihot L.
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI TUNIKATA Lissoclinum patella TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBA Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, DAN Candida albicans
Authors: Ngantung Yunike E. , Simbala Herny E. I. , Rotinsulu Henki
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Tunicate is one of the marine biota that has the potential to be utilized as a search for bioactive compounds, as prospective drugs in the pharmaceutical world. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of extracts and fractions of Tunicates Lissoclinum patella obtained from the waters of Tumbak Village against the growth of microbes Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Samples were extracted by maceration using ethanol as a solvent. Fractionation using n-hexane, chloroform and methanol. Antimicrobial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method (Kirby and Bauer). The results showed that the ethanols extract, n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction, methanol fraction effectively inhibited the growth of microbes Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans with moderate inhibition strength categories based on Davis and Stout theory. Keywords     : Tunicata, Lissoclinum patella, antimicrobial, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus.  ABSTRAK Tunikata merupakan salah satu biota laut yang berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pencarian senyawa bioaktif, calon obat di dunia farmasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba dari ekstrak dan fraksi Tunikata Lissoclinum patella yang diperoleh dari perairan Desa Tumbak terhadap pertumbuhan mikroba Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida albicans. Sampel diekstraksi dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol. Fraksinasi menggunakan pelarut n-Heksan, kloroform dan metanol. Aktivitas antimikroba diuji menggunakan metode disc diffusion test (Kirby dan Bauer). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahkwa ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-Heksan, fraksi kloroform, fraksi metanol efektif menghambat mikroba Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans dengan kategori kekuatan daya hambat sedang berdasarkan teori Davis dan Stout. Kata kunci     : Tunikata, Lissoclinum patella, antimikroba, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT NANOPARTIKEL EKSTRAK RIMPANG LENGKUAS MERAH (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Klebsiella pneumoniae ISOLAT URIN PADA PENDERITA INFEKSI SALURAN KEMIH RESISTEN ANTIBIOTIK CIPROFLOXACIN
Authors: Lasut Misella R. C. , Fatimawali Fatimawali , Antasionasti Irma
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTNanoparticles can increase the solubility of compounds, reduce the treatment dose and increase absorption. Flavonoid and phenol compounds in red galangal can inhibit the growth of bacteria that have been resistant to antibiotics. The bioactivity of red galangal compounds is expected to increase when the size of nanoparticles increases antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the inhibition of the content of Red Galangal nanoparticles (Alpinia purpurata K.Schum) using chitosan on the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacterial urine isolates of UTI antibiotic-resistant Ciprofloxacin. Nanoparticles extracts of red galangal rhizome was made using ionic gelation method, using extract concentration of 0.4%, tested for antibacterial activity using the wells method with a comparison of chitosan 0.4%, acetic acid 5%, red galangal extract 25%. Red galangal rhizome nanoparticles gave antibacterial activity value to the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae of 13.5 mm. Therefore, red galangal extracts nanoparticles can inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae urine isolate in patients with urinary tract infections with strong inhibitory categories based on Davis and Stout categories.Keywords: Alpinia purpurata K. Schum, Klebsiella pneumonia, Nanoparticles. ABSTRAK Nanopartikel dapat meningkatkan kelarutan senyawa, mengurangi dosis pengobatan dan meningkatkan absorbsi. Senyawa flavonoid dan fenol dalam lengkuas merah mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri yang telah resisten terhadap antibiotik. Sifat bioaktivitas senyawa lengkuas merah diharapkan akan meningkat ketika berukuran nanopartikel untuk meningkatkan aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat kandungan nanopartikel rimpang Lengkuas Merah (Alpinia purpurata K.Schum) menggunakan kitosan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae isolat urin penderita ISK yang resisten antibiotik Ciprofloxacin. Nanopartikel ekstrak rimpang lengkuas merah dibuat dengan menggunakan metode gelasi ionik, dengan menggunakan konsentrasi esktrak sebesar 0,4 %, dilakukan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri mengunakan metode sumuran dengan pembanding kitosan 0,4%, asam asetat 5%, ekstrak lengkuas merah 25%. Nanopartikel rimpang lengkuas merah memberikan nilai aktifitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae sebesar 13,5 mm. Oleh karena itu nanopartikel ekstrak rimpang lengkuas merah dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate urin penderita infeksi saluran kemih dengan kategori daya hambat kuat berdasrkan kategori Davis dan Stout.Kata Kunci: Alpinia purpurata K. Schum, Nanopartikel, Klebsiella pneumoniae
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI AKUIFER MATA AIR PANAS DI KELURAHAN KOYA TONDANO UNTUK PARIWISATA MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK RESISTIVITAS KONFIGURASI DIPOL-DIPOL
Authors: Pojoh Meylva C. , As'ari As'ari , Ferdy Ferdy
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThis research purpose is to find hot springs aquifer in Koya Village. Measurement in this research is using MAE X612-EM resistivitymeter, with 48 and 32 pieces of electrode, 10 and 5 meter spaces, line length 480m, 240m and 180m, amount of line 5, and using resistivity geoelectrical method dipole-dipole configuration. Data with format DAT processed by notepad and RES2DINV software. The process results is subsurface 2D resistivity cross section that describe the location of hot springs aquifer. The results acquired in this research is hot springs aquifer with resistivity (1.00-6.55) Ωm. Line 1 have 10 locations of hot springs aquifer with depth ≤ 30 m, line 2 have 5 locations of hot springs aquifer with depth ≤ 27 m, line 3 have 9 locations of hot springs aquifer with depth ≤ 40m, line 4 have 1 location of hot spring aquifer with depth ≤ 7m and line 5 have 3 locations of hot springs aquifer with depth ≤ 7m.Keywords         : Hot spring, geoelectric, dipol-dipol. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan lokasi akuifer  mata air panas di Kelurahan Koya. Pengukuran dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan resistivitymeter MAE-X612-EM, dengan jumlah elektroda yang dipakai 48 dan 32 buah, spasi 10m dan 5m, panjang lintasan 480m, 240m dan 180m, jumlah lintasan 5, dan menggunakan metode geolistrik resistivitas konfigurasi Dipol-dipol. Data dengan format DAT diolah menggunakan  software notepad dan res2dinv. Hasil pengolahan adalah tampang lintang resistivity 2D bawah permukaan yang menggambarkan keberadaan akuifer air panas. Hasil penelitian diperoleh akuifer air panas dengan resistivitas (1,00 – 6,55) Ωm. Lintasan 1 terdapat 10 lokasi akuifer air panas pada kedalaman ≤ 30 m dari permukaan tanah. Lintasan 2 diperoleh 5 lokasi akuifer air panas pada kedalaman ≤ 27 m. Lintasan 3 terdapat 9 lokasi akuifer air panas pada kedalaman ≤ 40 m. Lintasan 4 terdapat 1 lokasi akuifer air panas pada kedalaman ≤ 7 m. Lintasan 5 terdapat 3 lokasi akuifer air panas pada kedalaman ≤ 7 m.Kata kunci      : Air panas, geolistrik, dipol-dipol.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS Liosina paradoxa DARI PERAIRAN DESA TUMBAK MINAHASA TENGGARA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBA Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, DAN Candida albicans
Authors: Oeiyano Walen E. , Simbala Herny E. I. , Rotinsulu Henki
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Sponges are marine animals, which contain active compounds known to have potential in the pharmaceutical field, including the antimicrobials. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of microorganism growth inhibitors from the sponge Liosina paradoxa against microbes Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Samples were extracted by maceration method with ethanol solvent and fractionation using methanol, chloroform, and n-hexane solvents. Antimicrobial activity was carried out by agar diffusion method (Kirby and Bauer). Methanol fractions of sponge Liosina paradoxa showed the greatest antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli with an average value of 11.33 mm, and categorize as strong, chloroform fraction was 7.33 mm and categorize as medium, and n-hexane fraction was 7.16 mm and categorize as medium, ethanol extracts was 7.83 mm and categorize as moderate antimicrobial activity. Keywords: Liosina paradoxa, Antimicrobial, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida      albicans. ABSTRAKSpons merupakan merupakan hewan laut yang mengandung senyawa aktif yang diketahui berpotensi dalam bidang farmasi, diantaranya sebagai antimikroba. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui aktivitas penghambat pertumbuhan mikroorganisme dari spons Liosina paradoxa terhadap mikroba Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, dan Candida albicans.Sampel diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol dan fraksinasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, kloroform, dan n-heksan. Aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan  metode difusi agar (Kirby and Bauer). Fraksi metanol spons Liosina paradoxa menunjukkan aktivitas antimikroba paling besar terhadap Escherichia coli dengan nilai rata-rata 11,33 mm, dengan kategori kuat, fraksi kloroform 7,33 mm kategori sedang, fraksi n-hexan 7,16 mm kategori sedang, ekstrak etanol 7,83 mm kategori aktivitas antimikroba sedang. Kata kunci: Liosina paradoxa, antimikroba, Staphylococcus aureus ,Escherichia coli, Candida       albicans.
PEMANFAATAN GEN 16S rRNA SEBAGAI PERANGKAT IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI UNTUK PENELITIAN-PENELITIAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Akihary Claudia Valleria , Kolondam Beivy Jonathan
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThe 16S rRNA gene has hyper variable region and different for one bacterial species to another. The gene is being used as research tool to help for accurate identification of bacteria in many fields in Indonesia. As a useful tool, the 16S rRNA gene sequence is important as to explore the potencies of a bacterial species. Sequencing of this gene is very useful for research in clinical study, fisheries, marine science, agricultural science, and animal husbandry in Indonesia.   Keywords: 16S rRNA gene, research tool, bacteria, Indonesia                                                                     ABSTRAKGen 16S rRNA memiliki region yang sangat bervariasi dan berbeda setiap spesies bakteri. Penggunaannya sebagai perangkat penelitian, gen 16S rRNA telah banyak membantu dalam proses identifikasi berbagai jenis bakteri secara akurat untuk berbagai penelitian di Indonesia. Gen 16S rRNA tidak hanya dapat mengidentifikasi tetapi dapat dijadikan arahan dalam mengetahui potensi suatu bakteri. Sekuensing gen 16S rRNA telah digunakan secara luas untuk penelitian di bidang klinis, perikanan, kelautan, pertanian dan peternakan di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Gen 16S rRNA, perangkat penelitian, Bakteri, Indonesia.
FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SEDIAAN SABUN CAIR EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia Calabura L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphlococcous epidermidis
Authors: Korompis Freisy C.C , Yamlean Paulina V. Y. , Lolo Widya Astuty
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Cherry plants (Muntingia calabura L.) is a plant that has many properties in the treatment. One part of the plant that is widely used is the leaf which contain of flavonoid compounds, saponins and tannins contained in cherry leaves can inhibit bacterial activity. This study aims to formulate the liquid soap from ethanol extract of cherry leaves and test the antibacterial effectiveness of the liquid soap ethanol extract of cherry leaves with a concentration of 10%, 15% and 20% on the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. Liquid soap formulation of ethanol extract of cherry leaves with a concentration of 10%, 15% and 20% was conducted by laboratory experimental research. The results of testing the quality of liquid soap at a concentration of 10% meet the requirements according to the standards set by SNI namely organoleptic test, pH, high foam, moisture content, free alkali content, specific gravity. Concentrations of 15% and 20% did not meet the requirements for specific gravity testing. The test results of the antibacterial effectiveness of liquid soap ethanol extract of cherry leaves using the diffusion method with way of wells can inhibit the bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis at concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20% which categorize as weak. Keywords: Kersen, Peel-off mask, Antibacterial, Staphlococcous epidermidis  ABSTRAK Tanaman Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki banyak khasiat dalam pengobatan. Salah satu bagian tanaman yang banyak digunakan ialah bagian daun yang mengandung senyawa flavonoid, saponin dan tannin yang terdapat pada daun kersen mampu menghambat aktivitas bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi sediaan sabun cair ekstrak etanol daun kersen dan  menguji efektivitas antibakteri sediaan sabun cair ekstrak etanol daun kersen dengan konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20% terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus Epidermidis. Formulasi sabun cair ekstrak etanol daun kersen dengan konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20% dilakukan penelitian dengan metode eksperimental laboratorium. Hasil pengujian mutu sabun cair pada konsentrasi 10% memenuhi persyaratan sesuai standar yang ditetapkan SNI yaitu uji organoleptik, pH, tinggi busa, kadar air, kadar alkali bebas, bobot jenis. Konsentrasi 15% dan 20% tidak memenuhi persyaratan pada pengujian bobot jenis. Hasil uji efektivitas antibakteri sabun cair ekstrak etanol daun kersen menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan cara sumuran dapat menghambat bakteri Staphylococcus Epidermidis pada konsentrasi 10%, 15%, dan 20% yang termasuk dalam kategori lemah. Kata kunci : Kersen, Masker peel-off, Antibakteri, Staphlococcous epidermidis
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK ETANOL ORGANISME LAUT SPONS Ianthella basta TERHADAP BEBERAPA MIKROBA PATOGEN
Authors: Katili Syifa Sari , Wewengkang Defny S , Rotinsulu Henki
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTSponges are multicellular metazoa animals belonging to the Porifera phylum, which has a different structure from other metazoans. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ethanol extracts from the marine organism sponge Ianthella basta have antimicrobial activity against several pathogenic microbes Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The extraction method used is maceration with 96% ethanol solvent. The method used is the Diffusion Method (Disc Diffusion Kirby and Bauer). The antimicrobial activity test uses a 6 mm paper disc with 50 µL absorption per disc. The results of crude ethanol extract of Ianthella basta sponge from all test microbes, namely Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, were seen to provide the greatest inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with an average of inhibitory zone of 7.00 mm categorize as intermediate The results obtained showed that the crude extract of the sponge Ianthella basta has antimicrobial activity because it can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans microbes even though the inhibition zone is categorized as intermediate. Keywords: Ianthella basta, antimicrobial, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans. ABSTRAKSpons adalah hewan metazoa multiseluler tergolong ke dalam filum Porifera, yang memiliki perbedaan struktur dengan metazoan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol dari organisme laut spons Ianthella basta memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap beberapa mikroba patogen Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Candida albicans. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Metode Difusi (Disc Diffusion Kirby and Bauer).  Pengujian aktivitas antimikroba ini menggunakan kertas cakram (paper disc) berukuran 6 mm dengan daya serap 50 µL tiap cakram. Hasil ekstrak kasar etanol Spons Ianthella basta dari semua mikroba uji yaitu Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Candida albicans, terlihat yang memberikan daya hambat paling besar terdapat pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan jumlah rata – rata zona hambat yaitu 7,00 mm dengan kategori sedang. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kasar dari Spons Ianthella basta memiliki aktivitas antimikroba karena mampu menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba uji Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli dan Candida albicans walaupun dengan zona hambat yang  dikategorikan sedang. Kata Kunci : Ianthella basta, antimikroba, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN INSTALASI FARMASI RSUD DATOE BINANGKANG DI KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS SWOT
Authors: Ardiany Wahyu M. , Citraningtyas Gayatri , Mpila Deby A.
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTPharmacy Installation plays a role in providing quality health services in Hospitals, it was necessary to have an analysis of the development strategy of the Pharmacy Installation at RSUD Datoe Binangkang in accordance with internal and external conditions.  This studied aims to determine the development strategy in the Pharmacy Installation of RSUD Datoe Binangkang used SWOT analysis. The methods used in this research are quantitative and qualitative methods with descriptive research designs used questionnaires, interviews and observations.  The results showed that the Pharmacy Installation of RSUD Datoe Binangkang was at coordinates point x = 1,048 and    y = 0,779. The Pharmacy Installation of RSUD Datoe Binangkang was at the first quadrant and it can be said to be strong and likely. Conclusions gained that the strategy used was an aggressive strategy. Keywords: Development strategy, Pharmacy Installation, SWOT  ABSTRAKInstalasi Farmasi berperan dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas di Rumah Sakit, sehingga diperlukan adanya analisis strategi pengembangan Instalasi Farmasi di RSUD Datoe Binangkang yang sesuai dengan kondisi internal dan eksternal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan strategi pengembangan di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Datoe Binangkang dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan rancangan penelitian deskriptif menggunakan kuisioner, wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Datoe Binangkang berada pada titik koordinat x = 1,048 dan y = 0,779. Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Datoe Binangkang berada pada kuadran pertama sehingga dapat dikatakan kuat dan berpeluang. Kesimpulan yang didapat bahwa strategi yang digunakan adalah strategi agresif. Kata kunci: Strategi pengembangan, Instalasi Farmasi, SWOT
ANALISIS KEPUASAN PASIEN RAWAT JALAN TERHADAP MUTU PELAYANAN KEFARMASIAN DI PUSKESMAS TANAWANGKO
Authors: Bunet Greey C.E. , Lolo Widya A. , Rumondor Erladys M.
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTPatient satisfaction is an important indicator for pharmaceutical services and has a close relationship with service quality. A good quality of services will provide satisfaction to patient so that it affects to return the Health Center. The purpose of this study was to determine the satisfaction of outpatients with the quality of pharmaceutical services at the Tanawangko Health Center. This research is a descriptive study and the data collection tool used is the questionnaire given to 277 respondents. Based on the research results obtained, it is known that each question on the 5 dimensions has a negative value with an average value (-0.38) this value is obtained from the average value of the total service quality index between expectations and reality, meaning the patient is not satisfied. The reality received is lower yhan expectations.Keywords :  Level of satisfaction, expectations, reality. ABSTRAK Kepuasan pasien merupakan indikator penting bagi pelayanan kefarmasian dan memiliki hubungan erat dengan kualitas pelayanan. Kualitas pelayanan yang baik akan memberikan kepuasan kepada pasien sehingga mempengaruhi pasien untuk kembali lagi ke Puskesmas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kepuasan pasien rawat jalan terhadap mutu pelayanan kefarmasian di Puskesmas Tanawangko. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dan alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner diberikan kepada 277 responden. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, diketahui bahwa setiap pertanyaan pada 5 dimensi memiliki nilai negatif dengan nilai rata-rata (-0,38) nilai ini diperoleh dari rata-rata nilai indeks total kualitas pelayanan antara harapan dan kenyataan, artinya pasien tidak puas. Kenyataan yang diterima lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan harapan.Kata Kunci  : Tingkat kepuasan, harapan, kenyataan.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) SEBAGAI ANTIHIPERGLIKEMIA TERHADAP TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Pingkan Aprilia , Yamlean Paulina V.Y , Bodhi Widdhi
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTHyperglicemia is condition where blood sugar levels surge or excessive, which will eventually become a disease called Diabetes Mellitus (DM). One of the plants that can be used for antidiabetic activity or to repair pancreatic β cells is jarak pagar. The study conducted using 15 rats induced with 3 mL of 60% glucosa. Animals then divided into 5 groups, Metformin(10.557 mg), Na-CMC, 125 mg/kg BW, 250 mg/kg BW and 375 mg/kg BW of ethanol extract of jarak pagar leaves. The results showed the percentage value of decrease in blood sugar D1 (19.46%), D2 (15.91%), D3 (53.17%) and the positive group (Metformin) (10.24%). Conclusion: the extract group dose 375 mg/kgBW can reduce blood sugar levels better that the group given extracts dose D1 and D2.  Keywords: Jarak Pagar Leaves (Jatropha curcas L.), Ethanol Extract, Antihyperglycemia, Diabetes.  ABSTRAKHiperglikemia adalah keadaan dimana kadar gula darah melebihi nilai normal dan merupakan salah satu indikasi pada penyakit Diabetes Melitus. Salah satu tumbuhan yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk aktifitas antidiabetes atau memperbaiki sel β pankreas adalah jarak  pagar. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak etanol daun jarak pagar dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah tikus putih jantan. Penelitian menggunakan hewan uji sebanyak 15 ekor untuk diinduksikan dengan glukosa 60% sebanyak 3 mL/ekor. Hewan uji kemudian dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, kelompok positif, kelompok negatif, dosis 125 mg/kgBB, dosis 250 mg/kgBB, dan dosis 375 mg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai persentase penurunan gula darah D1 (19.46%), D2 (15.91%), D3 (53.17%) dan kelompok positif (Metformin) (10.24%). Kesimpulan: kelompok ekstrak dosis 375 mg/kgBB dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah lebih baik dibandingkan kelompok yang diberikan ekstrak dosis D1 dan D2. Kata kunci :    Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas L.) , Ekstrak Etanol, Antihiperglikemia, Diabetes.
EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN PENULISAN RESEP OBAT GENERIK PADA PASIEN BPJS RAWAT JALAN DI RUMAH SAKIT BHAYANGKARA MANADO
Authors: Yululano Yitromusa Joshua , Lolo Widya Astuty , Rundengan Gerald
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT The Indonesian government issued Minister of Health Regulation No. HK.02.02/MENKES/068/I/2010 which requires writing prescriptions with generic names in government health facilities. In addition, the government also compiled the National Formulary as a reference in drug selection as stated in Minister of Health Regulation No. 129/MENKES/SK/II/2008 concerning the Minimum Service Standard of Hospital.  However, there are still many government health facilities that still use non-generic drugs in BPJS prescriptions. The study was conducted to measure the percentage of prescription writing in generic names and the suitability of recipes with the National Formulary in outpatient BPJS patients in Manado Bhayangkara Hospital. The method used is descriptive analysis by taking 392 recipe sheets as samples. The results showed that the average percentage of prescription writing for the period December 2019 - May 2020 with a generic name was 81.38% and conformity to the National Formulary was 58.68%.  Recipes that fully use generic names and conform to the National Formulary only have an average percentage of 57.41%.  Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the writing of recipes in generic names has met the standards, but compliance with national formularies has not yet reached the established standards. Keywords: Health BPJS, National Formulary, Generic Drug  ABSTRAK Pemerintah Indonesia mengeluarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. HK.02.02/MENKES/068/I/2010 yang mewajibkan penulisan resep dengan nama generik di fasilitas kesehatan pemerintah. Disamping itu,  pemerintah  juga  menyusun formularium nasional  sebagai  acuan  dalam  pemilihan obat sebagaimana yang tercantum dalam Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 129/Menkes/SK/II/2008 tentang Standar Pelayanan Minimal Rumah Sakit. Namun, masih banyak fasilitisas kesehatan pemerintah yang masih menggunakan obat bukan generik dalam resep BPJS. Penelitian  dilakukan  untuk mengukur persentase penulisan resep dalam nama generik dan kesesuaian resep dengan formularium nasional pada pasien BPJS rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Manado. Metode  yang  digunakan  adalah  analisis deskriptif  dengan  pengambilan  392  lembar  resep  sebagai  sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata persentase penulisan resep periode Desember  2019 – Mei 2020 dengan nama generik sebesar 81,38% dan kesesuaian dengan Formularium  Nasional  sebesar 58,68%. Resep yang sepenuhnya menggunakan nama generik dan sesuai  formularium nasional hanya memiliki persentase rata-rata sebesar 57,41%. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penulisan resep dalam nama generik telah memenuhi standar, akan tetapi kesesuaian dengan formularium nasional belum mencapai standar yang ditetapkan. Kata kunci: BPJS Kesehatan, Formularium Nasional, Obat Generik
Histological Observation Of Milkfish Organs With Stunting Phenomenon
Authors: Aris Muhammad , Malan Sudirto
Published: April 2021

Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is an important economic fish. Milkfish is widely consumed because it has high nutritional value. Milkfish is also used as live bait for fishing. In the milkfish cultivation system, increasing production is a very important factor. One of the efforts to increase production in fish farming systems is the application of high stocking density. Constraints to the application of the high stocking density cause the growth of milkfish to be non-uniform, some of them even experience stunting, which is a condition in which the fish experience slow growth. This study aims to observe the condition of the milkfish tissue with normal growth and stunted fish. Milkfish (Chanos chanos) used are fish that have been reared for 6 months. Fish organs that were sampled for observation were stunted and normal (non-stunting) fish. The organs observed were the gills, muscles, and intestines. The results showed that stunted milkfish (Chanos chanos) affected the condition of the gill tissue, muscles, and intestines. The gills are edema and necrosis. Muscles undergo edema, degeneration of muscle fibers, and necrosis. The intestine experiences necrosis or cell death.Keywords: Milkfish; Stunting; Histology.AbstrakIkan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) merupakan ikan bernilai ekonomis penting. Ikan Bandeng banyak dikonsumsi karena mempunyai nilai gizi yang tinggi. Ikan bandeng juga dimanfaatkan sebagai umpan hidup untuk penangkapan ikan. Pada sistem budidaya ikan Bandeng peningkatan produksi menjadi faktor yang sangat penting. Salah satu upaya peningkatan produksi pada sistem budidaya ikan adalah dengan aplikasi padat tebar yang tinggi. Kendala penerapan padat penebaran yang tinggi menyebabkan pertumbuhan ikan Bandeng tidak seragam, bahkan beberapa diantaranya mengalami stunting yang merupakan suatu kondisi dimana ikan mengalami lambatnya pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini, bertujuan untuk mengamati kondisi jaringan ikan bandeng dengan pertumbuhan normal dan ikan yang mengalami stunting. Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) yang digunakan adalah ikan yang telah dipelihara selama 6 bulan. Organ ikan yang menjadi sampel pengamatan adalah ikan yang mengalami stunting dan normal (non-stunting). Organ yang diamati adalah insang, otot, dan usus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) yang mengalami stunting mempengaruhi kondisi jaringan insang, otot dan usus. Insang mengalami edema dan necrosis. Otot mengamali edema, degenerasi serabut otot, dan necrosis. Usus mengalami necrosis atau kematian sel.Kata kunci: Ikan Bandeng, Stunting, Histologi
Manajemen pendataan aset sekretariat daerah kabupaten Lombok Timur
Authors:   Program Studi Administrasi Publik, STIA Muhammadiyah Selong, Selong, Lombok Timur, Masbullah Masbullah , Yuniar Bahri Salmi ,   Program Studi Administrasi Publik, STIA Muhammadiyah Selong, Selong, Lombok Timur
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to see how the Asset Data Collection Management of the Regional Secretariat of East Lombok Regency is in accordance with the rules from start to finish and get a clear picture of the research topic. Research methodology: This study was qualitative research. The data technique was done by using documentation, field observation, document review, and interview. The collected data were then analyzed using data analysis theory by Miles and Huberman. Results: The results showed that the Regional Asset Data Collection Management in East Lombok Regency was in accordance with the Domestic Government Regulation No. 19/2016. However, the management of official vehicles was not yet effective and efficient. This can be seen from the management practices that still follow the scope contained in the regulation. Limitations: The weakness of this study is that most of the data cannot be obtained from primary sources but relies on secondary data or other people's information. Contribution: It is hoped that this research can be used as a reference used in further research. Furthermore, the research results are expected to provide an overview of how the regional secretariat asset data management can be used as material for evaluation and improvement in local government policymaking.
Proposed a Framework for Depression Monitoring System by Detecting the Facial
Expression using Soft Computing Algorithm
Authors: Sodhi Sonia , Jailia Manisha
Published: April 2021

Healthcare Informatics plays a very important role
for manipulating data. In the healthcare discoveries, pattern
recognition is important for the prediction of depression,
aggression, pain and severe disease diagnostics. In [16][5], the
real innovation that has affected and organized human services is
cloud computing, which empowers whenever anyplace access to
the information put away in a cloud. The mobile devices are
continuously observing patients that move around a networked
healthcare environment. In traditional healthcare diagnostic
system, we depend upon expensive tests and machineries which
increase the expenditure of healthcare. It is dire need to reduce the
aggregate cost of regular or usual diagnostics incorporates high
cost of hospitalization. These expenses can be limited or disposed
of with the assistance of remote patient monitoring gadget, a
healthcare IoT product. Remote monitoring of person’s health
gadget includes the observing of a person from an alternate area.
This dispenses the requirement for driving to clinic and to being
hospitalized for less severe circumstances. This research will
explore the depression monitoring system by detecting the facial
expression using suitable soft computing algorithm. We may use
different algorithms such as CNN and Multilayer Perceptron to
get the best result. On the basis of classification it detects the class
of disease. For this purpose, the primary dataset from various
facial expressions of a patient will be collected, filtered and apply
to classification algorithm to train the model.
Portfolio Management using Primavera P6 through Web Integration
Authors: Narayanan* Anuja , Sankar Mathesh Raja
Published: April 2021

Increase in population increases the demand for
dwelling with a greater comfortness with all amenities.
Nowadays people require residential building with fitness center,
balconies, laundry room, swimming pool, childcare center,
playground, and community room. The demand of people
initiated to construct a apartment buildings in major cities. The
process of planning and schedule of the activities in the
construction of apartment building should be in a logical and
systematic manner which is done using Autocad and Primavera
P6 software. Finally the web integration is done for scheduling
the major resources in the construction work which in hand
manage the time period effectively.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON RELATION OF HISTOLOGICAL GRADE AS WELLAS HORMONE RECEPTOR PROFILE IN LOCALLY ADVANCED BREAST CARCINOMA PATIENTS IN RESPONSE TO NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Ranjan Samir , Gupta Arun
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Inltrating ductal carcinoma being the most common type of carcinoma (70%), lobular carcinoma is the 2nd most common
followed by smaller groups such as medullary, mucinous,comedo, paget's disease, papillary, tubular and inammatory carcinoma.
Aims and objectives:To establish incidence and correlation between ER, PR, HER 2 neu receptor status, histology with different patient proles.
Assessment of therapeutic effectivity and its relation with receptor status and histology after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Material and methods: This will be an institution-based observational and prospective study. Lab studies- hemoglobin, total count, fasting and
postprandial blood sugar, urea, creatinine, albumin and total protein Pretested and predesigned perform
Conclusion: This study shows that age group is an important factor for developing breast carcinoma, which was more prevalent in premenstrual
population.
OBSTETRICAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOME IN TEENAGE PREGNANCIES IN SUBHIMALAYAN REGION
Authors: Aggarwal Ashita , Pradhan Anup
Published: April 2021

Objectives:To assess the quantum of problem of teenage pregnancy, ascertain the different risk factors associated with and to evaluate outcome of
pregnancy in teenage mothers. Design: Hospital based prospective case control study Department of Obstetrics and G . Setting: ynaecology,
Central Referral Hospital (CRH), a teaching hospital of Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim, India. All teenage Participants:
pregnant women (aged 13-19 years) and Non teenage pregnant women of same gestational age as of teenage pregnant women admitted for
delivery. Incidence of Teenage Pregnancy and the Primary outcome measures: maternal and neonatal outcomes. Results: Teenage pregnancy
rate was found to be 5.51%, with statistically signicant number of patients being those referred to our hospital. The mean age of teenage mothers
was found to be 18.5 +/- 0.66 years, with 60.80% from lower class. 40.80% patients had Anemia, whereas PIH and thrombocytopenia was seen in 8
(7.20%) and 1 (0.80%) patients respectively. 76.80% of teenage delivered vaginally, but statistically signicant higher cesarean was in NonTeenage pregnancies (P<0.0001). The incidence of PPH was found to be statistically high (P=0.0357) in teenage pregnancies. More LBW babies
were born to teenage mother (P<0.05), and admission rates in NICU was found to be statistically signicant (P=0.042). To conclude Conclusions:
teenage pregnancy is associated with increased maternal as well as neonatal morbidity and mortality. Reduction in teenage pregnancies can be
achieved through education, awareness programs, sex education and free and easy access to effective contraception
ASSESSMENT OF VIRULENCE FACTORS OF CANDIDIAL SPECIES AND ITS BIOTYPING IN ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS
Authors: Jan Afreen , Jain Anshi , Singh Rajvir , Charan Shetty Devi , Juneja Saurabh
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate the virulence factors of candidal species and its biotypes associated with Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.
Materials and methods included that the present study comprised of red and white lesions (40) and normal healthy control group (5) individuals.
Oral swabs were taken from representative area of the lesion to be used for both cytological, microbiological and biochemical tests. Samples were
inoculated for fungal growth in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and culture-positive samples had undergone for the germ tube test, chlymadospore
formation and chrome agar test. The virulence factors were conrmed by Lipolytic, proteolytic, protinease and phospholipase tests. Anova test,
Kruskall Wallis test and Post Hoc test were the statistical analysis used. The result showed that in this study group no candidial growth was found in
control group, study group showed positive germ tube test formation, chlymadospore formation and chrom agar test. All positive isolates produced
the four virulence factors with higher levels in candida albican isolates. The hemolytic activity in leukoplakia was found to be more virulent
followed by Protienase activity amongst the group and within the study groups. Phospholipase activity amongst the study groups was found more
virulent in Oral squamous cell carcinoma. Lipolytic activity was found more aggressive in Denture induced stomatitis amongst all the study group.
It can be concluded that in this study there is a close association of Candida species with Oral potentially malignant disorders. The correlation of
virulence properties of Candida with potentially malignant disorders has led to its role in its invasive potential.
CENTRAL MYELIN AND DEMYELINATION
Authors: Moorthy Moses P , Srinivasan A.V. , Balasubramaniyan S.
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION:CNS demyelinating disorders are common neurological illness that affects the brain. This causes signicant disability and
mortality if not properly identied and treated. CNS demyelinating diseases includes multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis,
NMO spectrum disorders and transverse myelits. Here we are reporting a case of central demyelination.
CASE SUMMARY: 44yrs female admitted with subacute onset of weakness of all four limbs, more on left side and sensory disturbance in the
form of numbness and tingling in all four limbs, more on left side, associated with urinary urgency and constipation. Patient had right optic neuritis
3 years back. General examination was normal. Vital signs were stable.
On nervous system examination, patient had decresed visual acuity in right eye, with relative afferent pupillary defect and impaired red green
colour vision, fundus was normal. Motor system examination, Patient had normal bulk, increased tone, brisk deep tendon reexes, power of 4 on
right and 4- on left side with extensor planter on both sides. Patient had decresed sensation below C5 spinal cord level, predominantly joint position
and vibration sense with positive lhermitte's sign. Other systems were normal. Routine lab investigation ,ECG,CXR were normal. CSF analysis
revealed elevated protein of 72mg.
MRI BRAIN WITH WHOLE SPINE SCREENING(contrast) revealed Multiple smallT2/FLAIR hyperintense lesion in bilateral juxta cortical,
subcortical(involving the temporal lobes and callososeptal interface), subtle patchy enhancement in the left peritrigonal lesion and in body of
corpus callosum. Mild atrophy of cervical cord from C3 to C5 with T2 hyperintense involving both hemicord from C2 to C5 level, focal
Hyperintensity subtle contrast enhancement in Dorsal cord at the level of D11, Features suggestive of demyelination likely Multiple Sclerosis.
THIS STUDY ASSESSES THE ROLE OF NST IN DETECTING FETAL COMPROMISE IN CASES OF REDUCED MATERNAL PERCEPTION OF FETAL MOVEMENT
Authors: Kiran Archana , Mondal Umapada , jana Debarshi
Published: April 2021

Introduction:In modern era of medicine, antenatal fetal monitoring is an essential way that assess the fetal well being. Aims and objectives: This study was performed to test the association between non-stress test ( NST) results and fetal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with perceived decrease in fetal movements attending our hospital. To determine the role of Non stress test on fetal and prenatal outcome of pregnant women with perceived decrease in fetal movements attending labor room. Materials and methods: Study is carried out at 'Imambara District Hospital', at the Dept. Of obstetrics and gynaecology, Hooghly, WB. All the pregnant mother with decreased fetal movement perception in the 3rdtrimester, attending OBG (OPD) and ANC or getting admitted in Dept. OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, at IMAMBARADIST. HOSPITAL, Chinsurah, Hooghly, WB. 1st May 2018 – April 30, 2019. Conclusion: The antenatal surveillance of cases with reduced perception of fetal movement by mother with NST can effectively screen for identication of high risk foetuses and segregate the cases that are at risk for poor perinatal outcome.
Encoding Circuit, Entropy and Error Correction
Authors: Kak Subhash
Published: April 2021

This paper
considers the entropy perspective on the problem of noise in the circuit where
the quantum data is prepared before it is sent forward to the error correction encoder.
Since the errors in the circuits before the data qubits are converted to
logical qubits cannot be corrected, there will be residual qubit errors in the
processing system. This constitutes a great challenge for developing useful,
scalable quantum computers.
Planning, Optimisation and Evaluation of Small PtGtP Systems under current German market conditions
Authors: Buchholz Alexander August Ionnis , Schmeling Lucas , Heineke Hilmer
Published: April 2021

In the course of the energy transition, distributed, hybrid energy supply concepts, such as the combination of PV and a battery storage system, are increasingly being used for economic and ecological reasons. However, electricity generation is often weather-dependent and the storage capacity of battery storage systems is limited. Nowadays, a new component is emerging for distributed energy supply: the PtGtP technology. It can be used for the long-term storage of electricity in the form of hydrogen. As this is still a fairly new application, methods for planning, design and operation are still missing. For this purpose, a tool is developed to simulate various sizes and combinations of technical systems on the basis of the oemof framework. The evaluation is based on a multi-criteria approach in the form of a Pareto front and is intended to provide the best possible support for the decision-making process. In order to gain further insights from this energy supply concept, a sensitivity analysis is then carried out, where key parameters are identified and their effects on the results are described. The methodology is demonstrated using a German dairy as an example and shows that PtGtP is currently not yet profitable but promising.
A enfermagem perante o aborto: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Cruz Sabrina Ferreira , Bezerra Maria Luiza Rêgo , Araújo Andrey Hudson Interaminense Mendes de , Leonhardt Valéria , Pereira Mayara Cândida , Moraes Filho Iel Marciano de
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Diante da necessidade de assegurar uma prática assistencial embasada em evidências científicas, tem-se como objetivo identificar como é prestada a assistência de enfermagem à mulher em situação de abortamento. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada através do levantamento bibliográfico de artigos sobre a atuação da enfermagem perante o abortamento. A coleta de dados foi realizada através da Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde nas bases de dados da Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Base de Dados Nacionais da Enfermagem. Resultados: Foram obtidas para a análise 5 produções bibliográficas entre revisões integrativas, relato de experiência e outros. Conclusão: Conclui-se que embora o Código de Ética de Enfermagem seja um documento de acesso livre e fácil, muitos enfermeiros pecam em seu cumprimento quando colocam suas opiniões pessoais a frente da qualidade assistencial. Foi um limitante para a pesquisa a escassa quantidade de produções recentes sobre a temática. Espera-se com este artigo trazer contribuição acerca das condições de abortamento.
Descritores: Aborto; Enfermagem; Assistência; Saúde da mulher; Revisão; Brasil.