bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infection and Its Influence on Condom Use among Pregnant Women in the Kintampo North Municipality of Ghana
Authors: Ali Abdulai Martha , Baiden Frank , Afari-Asiedu Samuel , Gyabaa-Febir Lawrence , Adjei Kwame Kesse , Mahama Emmanuel , Tawiah-Agyemang Charlotte , Newton Sam K. , Asante Kwaku Poku , Owusu-Agyei Seth
Published: January 2017

Sexually transmitted infection (STI) affects the reproductive health of both men and women worldwide. Condoms are important part of the available preventive strategies for STI control. The lack of proper risk-perception continues to impede women’s ability to negotiate condom use with their partners. This paper is the outcome of secondary analysis of data collected in a cross-sectional survey that explored the perception of risk of STI and its influence on condom use among 504 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at two health facilities in the Kintampo North Municipality. Consecutively, three Focus Group Discussions were conducted among 22 pregnant women which was analyzed using thematic analysis technique. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify possible predictors of condom use and risk of STI. Respondents mean age was 26.0±5.9 years. 47% of respondents self-identified themselves as high risk for contracting STI, 50% of whom were married. High risk status (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1–4.4), ability to ask for condoms during sex (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1–0.73), and partner’s approval of condom use (OR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.01–0.05) were independent predictors of condom use. Condom use (OR 2.9 (1.5–5.7); p=0.001) and marital status (engaged, OR 2.6 (1.5–4.5); p=0.001) were independent predictors of risk of STI. Women who self-identified themselves as high risk for STI successfully negotiated condom use with their partners. This is however influenced by partner’s approval and ability to convince partner to use condoms. Self-assessment of STI risk by women and the cooperation of male partners remain critical.
Preference Evaluation System for Construction Products Using QFD‐TOPSIS Logic by Considering Trade‐Off Technical Characteristics
Authors: Cho Jaeho , Chun Jaeyoul , Kim Inhan , Choi Jungsik
Published: January 2017

This paper investigates the feasibility of quality function deployment, technique for the order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (QFD‐TOPSIS) in presenting user preferences for multiple alternatives, such as construction technologies, products, systems, and design solutions, with trade‐off technical characteristics (TC). The original QFD as house of quality (HOQ) defines the requirements and features as subjective matrix relations, which cause interpretations to vary across users and limit its industrial applications. QFD‐TOPSIS is a new model that combines the benefits of QFD with those of TOPSIS, maintains the subjectivity and objectivity evaluation of the technical characteristics (TC), and rates the preferences by considering users’ individual propensity for requirements. In addition, QFD‐TOPSIS rates the preferences through the reciprocal compensation effects of trade‐off TC and filters unsuitable alternatives with predefined restrictive conditions. Trade‐off refers to conflicts and/or contradictions between attributes, often arising in multicriteria decision‐making. Users or project stakeholder groups define the priorities of trade‐off TC that directly influence product preferences and decision‐making. In the present study, we have developed a Web system based on the QFD‐TOPSIS logic and tested its operation to verify its industrial applicability and viability for automatic quality evaluation.
A Review of Black Salve: Cancer Specificity, Cure, and Cosmesis
Authors: Croaker Andrew , King Graham J. , Pyne John H. , Anoopkumar-Dukie Shailendra , Liu Lei
Published: January 2017

Black salve is a topical escharotic used for the treatment of skin cancer. Although promoted as a safe and effective alternative to conventional management by its proponents, limited clinical research has been undertaken to assess its efficacy and potential toxicities. Patients are increasingly utilizing the Internet as a source of health information. As a minimally regulated space, the quality and accuracy of this information vary considerably. This review explores four health claims made by black salve vendors, investigating its natural therapy credentials, tumour specificity, and equivalence to orthodox medicine in relation to skin cancer cure rates and cosmesis. Based upon an analysis of in vitro constituent cytotoxicity, in vivo post black salve histology, and experience with Mohs paste, black salve is likely to possess normal tissue toxicity with some cancer cell lines being relatively resistant to its effects. This may explain the incongruous case study reports of excessive scarring, deformity, and treatment failure.
Design of a Microstrip Series Power Divider for Sequentially Rotated Nonuniform Antenna Array
Authors: Inserra Daniele , Hu Wei , Wen Guangjun
Published: January 2017

This paper deals with the design of a microstrip series power divider for circularly polarized sequential rotational antenna array. The theoretical description of the design is firstly proposed, comprising the cases of nonuniform weighted antenna arrays. A more flexible open octagon shape instead of the classical open ring is suggested, highlighting benefits in the case of nonuniform power distribution. A design example of an ultra-high frequency (UHF) band 4×4 sequentially rotated Tschebischeff antenna array finally demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed implementation.
Productivity Analysis of Volume Fractured Vertical Well Model in Tight Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Wang Jiahang , Wang Xiaodong , Xu Wenli , Lu Cheng , Dong Wenxiu , Zhang Cong
Published: January 2017

This paper presents a semianalytical model to simulate the productivity of a volume fractured vertical well in tight oil reservoirs. In the proposed model, the reservoir is a composite system which contains two regions. The inner region is described as formation with finite conductivity hydraulic fracture network and the flow in fracture is assumed to be linear, while the outer region is simulated by the classical Warren‐Root model where radial flow is applied. The transient rate is calculated, and flow patterns and characteristic flowing periods caused by volume fractured vertical well are analyzed. Combining the calculated results with actual production data at the decline stage shows a good fitting performance. Finally, the effects of some sensitive parameters on the type curves are also analyzed extensively. The results demonstrate that the effect of fracture length is more obvious than that of fracture conductivity on improving production in tight oil reservoirs. When the length and conductivity of main fracture are constant, the contribution of stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) to the cumulative oil production is not obvious. When the SRV is constant, the length of fracture should also be increased so as to improve the fracture penetration and well production.
Signal Transduction Underlying the Inhibitory Mechanism of Fluoxetine on Electrical Field Stimulation Response in Rat Ileal Smooth Muscle
Authors: Khin Phyu Phyu , Zaw Tin Sandar , Sohn Uy Dong
Published: January 2017

Fluoxetine (FLX), a well-known antidepressant drug under the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, exerts its action by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin selectively. In some studies, it has been demonstrated that FLX relaxes the intestinal smooth muscle. In this study, we aimed at studying the signal transduction pathway underlying the muscle relaxation effect of FLX on electrically stimulated rat ileal muscle contraction. To investigate the possible mechanism involved, various antagonists were used. It was found that inhibition with L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester, ondansetron, GR113808 and bicuculline enhanced the relaxation effect of FLX. However, the effect of FLX was nullified under the presence of atropine, calcium channel modulator (calcium ionophore A23187), and potassium channel blockers (tetraethylammonium chloride, 4-aminopyridine and glybenclamide). Specific pathway-inhibiting antagonists, Y27632 (Rho-kinase inhibitor) and U73122 (phospholipase-C inhibitor) reversed the antagonistic effect of FLX, while ML-9 (myosin light chain kinase inhibitor) and chelerythrine (protein kinase C inhibitor) augmented the FLX-induced inhibition effect. Taken together, we concluded that FLX exerts the inhibitory effect on electric field stimulation response in rat ileal smooth muscle by the inhibition of muscarinic receptors, decrease of intracellular calcium level by inhibiting phospholipase C and opens the potassium channels.
Cellular Scaling Rules for the Brains of Marsupials: Not as “Primitive” as Expected
Authors: Dos Santos Sandra E. , Porfirio Jairo , da Cunha Felipe B. , Manger Paul R. , Tavares William , Pessoa Leila , Raghanti Mary Ann , Sherwood Chet C. , Herculano-Houzel Suzana
Published: January 2017

In the effort to understand the evolution of mammalian brains, we have found that common relationships between brain structure mass and numbers of nonneuronal (glial and vascular) cells apply across eutherian mammals, but brain structure mass scales differently with numbers of neurons across structures and across primate and nonprimate clades. This suggests that the ancestral scaling rules for mammalian brains are those shared by extant nonprimate eutherians - but do these scaling relationships apply to marsupials, a sister group to eutherians that diverged early in mammalian evolution? Here we examine the cellular composition of the brains of 10 species of marsupials. We show that brain structure mass scales with numbers of nonneuronal cells, and numbers of cerebellar neurons scale with numbers of cerebral cortical neurons, comparable to what we have found in eutherians. These shared scaling relationships are therefore indicative of mechanisms that have been conserved since the first therians. In contrast, while marsupials share with nonprimate eutherians the scaling of cerebral cortex mass with number of neurons, their cerebella have more neurons than nonprimate eutherian cerebella of a similar mass, and their rest of brain has fewer neurons than eutherian structures of a similar mass. Moreover, Australasian marsupials exhibit ratios of neurons in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum over the rest of the brain, comparable to artiodactyls and primates. Our results suggest that Australasian marsupials have diverged from the ancestral Theria neuronal scaling rules, and support the suggestion that the scaling of average neuronal cell size with increasing numbers of neurons varies in evolution independently of the allocation of neurons across structures.
Neural Stem Cells and Fetal-Onset Hydrocephalus
Authors: Rodríguez Esteban M. , Guerra María M.
Published: January 2017

Fetal-onset hydrocephalus is not only a disorder of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics, but also a brain disorder. How can we explain the inborn and, so far, irreparable neurological impairment in children born with hydrocephalus? We hypothesize that a cell junction pathology of neural stem cells (NSC) leads to two inseparable phenomena: hydrocephalus and abnormal neurogenesis. All neurons, glial cells, and ependymal cells of the mammalian central nervous system originate from the NSC forming the ventricular zone (VZ) and the neural progenitor cells (NPC) forming the subventricular zone. Several genetic mutations and certain foreign signals all convey into a final common pathway leading to cell junction pathology of NSC and VZ disruption. VZ disruption follows a temporal and spatial pattern; it leads to aqueduct obliteration and hydrocephalus in the cerebral aqueduct, while it results in abnormal neurogenesis in the telencephalon. The disrupted NSC and NPC are released into the CSF and may transform into neurospheres displaying a junctional pathology similar to that of NSC of the disrupted VZ. These cells can then be utilized to investigate molecular alterations underlying the disease and open an avenue into possible NSC therapy.
Procalcitonin and Interleukin-6 Levels: Are They Useful Biomarkers in Cardiac Surgery Patients?
Authors: Clementi Anna , Brocca Alessandra , Virzì Grazia Maria , de Cal Massimo , Giavarina Davide , Carta Mariarosa , Muciño-Bermejo María-Jimena , Hinna Danesi Tommaso , Salvador Loris , Ronco Claudio
Published: January 2017

Background/Aim: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury is an independent predictor of chronic renal disease and mortality. The scope of this study was to determine the utility of procalcitonin (PCT) and plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in predicting renal outcome and mortality in these patients. Methods: PCT and plasma IL-6 levels of 122 cardiac surgery patients were measured at 48 h after the surgical procedure. Primary endpoints were adverse renal outcome and mortality. Secondary endpoints were length of stay, bleeding, and number of transfusions. Results: PCT was found to be a better predictor of adverse renal outcome than IL-6. IL-6 seemed to be a better predictor of both 30-day and overall mortality than PCT. Neither PCT nor IL-6 levels were found to be good predictors of intensive care unit stay and bleeding. Conclusion: PCT may be considered a good predictor of adverse renal outcome in cardiac surgery patients, whereas IL-6 seems to possess a good predictive value for mortality in this population of patients.
Coagulation Management in Jersey Calves: An ex vivo Study
Authors: Gröning Sabine , Maas Judith , van Geul Svenja , Rossaint Rolf , Steinseifer Ulrich , Grottke Oliver
Published: January 2017

Objective: Jersey calves are frequently used as an experimental animal model for in vivo testing of cardiac assist devices or orthopedic implants. In this ex vivo study, we analyzed the coagulation system of the Jersey calves and the potential of human-based coagulation management to circumvent perioperative bleeding complications during surgery. Experimental Procedure: Blood from 7 Jersey calves was subjected to standard laboratory tests and thromboelastometry analysis. An ex vivo model of dilutional coagulopathy was used to study the effects of fibrinogen or prothrombin complex concentrate supplementation. Fibrinolysis was induced with tissue plasminogen activator to identify potential therapeutic strategies involving tranexamic acid or aprotinin. Furthermore, anticoagulation strategies were evaluated by incubating the blood samples with dabigatran or rivaroxaban. Results: Baseline values for thromboelastometry and standard laboratory parameters, including prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, antithrombin III, and D-dimers, were established. Fifty percent diluted blood showed a statistically significant impairment of hemostasis. The parameters significantly improved after the administration of fibrinogen or prothrombin complex concentrate. Tranexamic acid and aprotinin ameliorated tissue plasminogen activator-induced fibrinolysis. Both dabigatran and rivaroxaban significantly prolonged the coagulation parameters. Conclusions: In this ex vivo study, coagulation factors, factor concentrate, antifibrinolytic reagents, and anticoagulants regularly used in the clinic positively impacted coagulation parameters in Jersey calf blood.
Insights from Screening a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population for Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Wong Linda L. , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Page Victoria , Hayashida Glen , You Amy S. , Rhee Connie M.
Published: January 2017

Background: The value of chronic kidney disease (CKD) screening in the general population remains unclear but may be beneficial in populations with high disease prevalence. We examined risk factors for albuminuria among participants in a state-wide CKD screening program in Hawaii. Methods: The National Kidney Foundation of Hawaii Kidney Early Detection Screening (NKFH-KEDS) program held 19 CKD screening events from 2006 to 2012. Participants rotated through 5 stations during which sociodemographic, blood glucose, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), and spot urine albumin data were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analyses (adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index [BMI]) were used to identify clinical predictors of abnormal ACR (≥30 μg/mg) and abnormal spot urine albumin (>20 mg/L) levels. Results: Among 1,190 NKFH-KEDS participants who met eligibility criteria, 13 and 49% had abnormal ACR and urine albumin levels, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, participants of older age (>65 years), Asian and Pacific Islander race/ethnicity, BMI ≥30 kg/m2, and with hypertension had higher risk of abnormal ACR. Being of older age; Asian, Pacific Islander, and Mixed race/ethnicity; and having diabetes was associated with higher risk of abnormal urine albumin levels in adjusted analyses. Conclusions: NKFH-KEDS participants of older age; Asian and Pacific Islander race/ethnicity; and with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes had higher risk of kidney damage defined by elevated ACR and urine albumin levels. Further studies are needed to determine whether targeted screening programs can result in timely identification of CKD and implementation of interventions that reduce cardiovascular disease, death, and progression to end-stage renal disease.
A Case of Syphilitic Uveitis in Which Vitreous Surgery Was Useful for the Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Kobayashi Takatoshi , Katsumura Chihiro , Shoda Hiromi , Takai Nanae  , Takeda Sayako , Okamoto Takako , Maruyama Koichi , Tada Rei  , Tajiri Kensuke , Kida Teruyo , Ikeda Tsunehiko
Published: January 2017

Purpose: To report a case of atypical syphilitic uveitis complicated with retinal vasculitis, proliferative retinopathy, and vitreous hemorrhage in which vitreous surgery was useful for the diagnosis and treatment. Case Report: A 38-year-old female was referred to our hospital after noticing visual disturbance in her right eye. Fundoscopy examination of that eye revealed retinal phlebitis accompanied by retinal hemorrhage and soft exudate, and remarkable exudative changes in the retinal vessels from the upper arcade to the macula region. After a blood examination, a serological test showed positive for syphilis; however, systemic findings were scarce. Syphilitic uveitis was suspected, so we administered treatment for syphilis, anticoagulant treatment for retinal vasculitis, steroids for intraocular inflammation, and photocoagulation for the retinal nonperfusion area. However, her visual acuity (VA) decreased to 30 cm/counting fingers due to vitreous hemorrhage resulting from fibrovascular membrane at the optic disc. Since the vitreous hemorrhage was insufficiently absorbed, vitreous surgery was performed to remove the hemorrhage and fibrovascular tissue. Following surgery, the uveitis and retinal vasculitis subsided, and her corrected VA improved to 0.3. Postoperative examination of a fixed quantity of collected vitreous fluid for syphilis showed a Treponema pallidum hemagglutination value of 5,120 times the normal amount, thus confirming the syphilitic uveitis diagnosis. Conclusions: Our findings show that when observing patients with obstructive retinal vasculitis of unknown causes, syphilitic uveitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis, and that vitreous surgery is useful for the diagnosis and treatment of atypical syphilitic uveitis which has progressed to proliferative retinopathy.
The Association between Polymorphism of CARD8 rs2043211 and Susceptibility to Arteriosclerosis Obliterans in Chinese Han Male Population
Authors: Zhang Kun , Song Wei , Li Dalin , Yan Jingqiang , Chen Yunhui , Qi Haoshan , Jin Xing , Zhao Juncheng
Published: January 2017

Background and aims: Cholesterol crystals have been shown to cause inflammation. As a response to cholesterol crystal accumulation, the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated to produce IL-1β which eventually leads to atherosclerotic lesions. As a part of innate immunity, CARD8 is involved in the modulation of above mentioned inflammatory activities. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association between polymorphism of CARD8 rs2043211 and susceptibility to arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) in Chinese Han male population. Methods: 758 male arteriosclerosis obliterans patients and 793 male controls were genotyped for rs2043211 with the TaqMan allele assays. Fasting blood-glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), urea nitrogen, creatinine, Serum uric acid, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, ALT, AST, and IL-1β in the blood were detected for all subjects. Clinical data were recorded to analyze the genotype-phenotype. Independent samples t-test was used to perform the comparisons between two groups. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to measure the strength of relationship in the genotype distribution and allele frequencies between patients and controls. The analysis of variance was used for a genotype-phenotype analysis of the ASO patients. Results: The genotypic and allelic frequencies in the ASO group were significantly different from that in the control group (P = 0.014 by genotype, P = 0.003 by allele). Those carrying the genotype TT had a higher risk for ASO than those carrying the genotype AA (OR = 1.494, 95%CI1.131-1.974, P = 0.005).The difference was also significant after the adjustment for the history of smoking, TC, LDL, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure and BMI(OR = 1.525, 95%CI1.158-2.009, P = 0.003). Conclusion: Our finding suggests that the polymorphism of CARD8 rs2043211 is probably associated with the development of ASO in Chinese Han male population.
Farnesoid X Receptor in Mice Prevents Severe Liver Immunopathology During Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection
Authors: Honke Nadine , Shaabani Namir , Hardt Cornelia , Krings Caroline , Häussinger Dieter , Lang Philipp A. , Lang Karl S.  , Keitel Verena
Published: January 2017

Background: Bile acids (BAs) are steroid molecules that are synthesized in the liver. In addition to their important role as a surfactant in solubilizing lipids and promoting the absorption of lipids in the gastrointestinal tract, they act as inflammagens. The role of BAs and their receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) during viral infection has not been studied in detail. Methods: By using FXR-deficient mice, we investigated the role of bile acid receptor FXR during infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). The importance of FXR in inducing IFN-I and monocytes proliferation were investigated and viral titers and T cell exhaustion were analyzed at different time points. Results: This study shows that controlled levels of BAs activate FXR in hepatocytes and FXR in response upregulates the production of type I interferon. In turn, FXR maintains BAs within a balanced range to inhibit their toxic effects. The absence of FXR results in high levels of BAs, which inhibit the proliferation of monocytes and result in a defect in viral elimination, consequently leading to T cell exhaustion. Conclusion: We found that FXR contributes to IFN-I production in hepatocytes and balances BA levels to inhibit their toxic effects on monocytes.
Nucleic acids as cofactors for factor XI and prekallikrein activation: Different roles for high-molecular-weight kininogen
Authors: Ivanov Ivan , Shakhawat Ruhama , Sun Mao-fu , Dickeson S. Kent , Puy Cristina , McCarty Owen , Gruber Andras , Matafonov Anton , Gailani David
Published: January 2017

The plasma zymogens factor XI (fXI) and prekallikrein (PK) are activated by factor XIIa (fXIIa) during contact activation. Polyanions such as DNA and RNA may contribute to thrombosis and inflammation partly by enhancing PK and fXI activation. We examined PK and fXI activation in the presence of nucleic acids, and determine the effects of the cofactor high molecular weight kininogen (HK) on the reactions. In the absence of HK, DNA and RNA induced fXI autoactivation. Proteases known to activate fXI (fXIIa and thrombin) did not enhance this process appreciably. Nucleic acids had little effect on PK activation by fXIIa in the absence of HK. HK had significant but opposite effects on PK and fXI activation. HK enhanced fXIIa activation of PK in the presence of nucleic acids, but blocked fXI autoactivation. Thrombin and fXIIa could overcome the HK inhibitory effect on autoactivation, indicating these proteases are necessary for nucleic acid-induced fXI activation in an HK-rich environment such as plasma. In contrast to PK, which requires HK for optimal activation, fXI activation in the presence of nucleic acids depends on anion binding sites on the fXI molecule. The corresponding sites on PK are not necessary for PK activation. Our results indicate that HK functions as a cofactor for PK activation in the presence of nucleic acids in a manner consistent with classic models of contact activation. However, HK has, on balance, an inhibitory effect on nucleic acid-supported fXI activation and may function as a negative regulator of fXI activation.

Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
A contribuição de Lebret através da SAGMACS na formação de técnicos e profissionais de urbanismo no Brasil
Authors: Cestaro Lucas R.
Published: January 2017

Este trabalho aponta a importância de Lebret e da SAGMACS na formação de quadros técnicos para o urbanismo no Brasil. A partir dos trabalhos desenvolvidos pelo grupo, apresentamos o quadro de profissionais que se vincularam a instituição, destacando a atuação e trajetória profissional de Lebret junto ao campo do urbanismo e do planejamento regional, como um estrangeiro que contribuiu com o debate acerca da questão urbana, sobretudo nos anos 1950, aprimorando assim os procedimentos de leitura e diagnóstico do espaço urbano e a compreensão sobre os problemas das cidades brasileiras, formando assim novos agentes para o planejamento urbano e regional.
A contribuição de Theodoro Sampaio ao relatório dos cortiços de Santa Ifigênia: saneamento e urbanismo na trajetória de um engenheiro
Authors: Borin Monique Félix
Published: January 2017

O engenheiro Theodoro Sampaio (1855 – 1937) chefiou a equipe que produziu o Relatório da Commissão de exame e inspecção das habitações operarias e cortiços no Districto de Sta. Ephigenia – 1893. O documento se debruça sobre as condições de proliferação de doenças nas habitações populares no bairro, após uma epidemia de febre amarela. A atuação dessa comissão é um marco nas ações públicas na área do sanitarismo e do higienismo na capital paulista. Discutiremos como foi percebida a ação de Theodoro Sampaio junto a comissão, e a importância do engenheiro para a formulação de estratégias públicas de práticas sanitárias e higiênicas.
A construção de um saber sobre as cidades nos escritos de Manoel de Araújo Porto-alegre
Authors: Peixoto Priscilla
Published: January 2017

O presente trabalho parte de um conjunto de documentos de meados do século XIX que testemunham a ação de Manoel de Araújo Porto-alegre na crítica e na construção da Rua Leopoldina, apresentando as atuações deste intelectual com relação ao papel dos arquitetos na construção das cidades. Assim, busca-se tanto explorar uma faceta pouco conhecida de Porto-alegre, como também situa-lo no pensamento urbanístico de seu tempo.
Luiz de Anhaia Mello: ensino, política e presença pública
Authors: Bresciani Maria Stella , Schicchi Maria Cristina
Published: January 2017

Este texto busca entrecruzar a atividade docente e o modo pelo qual o engenheiro-arquiteto Luiz de Anhaia Mello define e expressa seu posicionamento e atuação na vida pública. Tomamos como textos essenciais, o Plano Regional de São Paulo (1954), o estudo de um Código de Ocupação Lícita do Solo e o Curso de Urbanismo. Elementos de Composição Regional de 1957. Esses textos, longe de esgotarem suas atividades docente e pública, dão a dimensão do vínculo entre as duas esferas de atuação e expõem em detalhes a “arquitetura” ou “estrutura” de seu pensamento urbanístico.
Entre soirées e óperas: o espaço teatral na pintura.
Authors: Costa Richard Santiago
Published: January 2017

O desenvolvimento do edifício teatral moderno, iniciado no Renascimento, respondia não só às necessidades técnicas das artes cênicas, mas, e sobretudo, às prerrogativas da vida cortesã e posteriormente burguesa como ambiente primordial de sociabilidade. Desse modo, o teatro lírico, enquanto espaço, seria tema para a pintura a partir do século XVIII, época da fixação definitiva desses edifícios como símbolos de magnificência e poder. Já no século seguinte, o elogio a um estilo de vida cosmopolita e as vicissitudes associadas a este ambiente dariam o tom da representação pictórica do edifício teatral.
Dois Angélicos: Argan e Didi-Huberman
Authors: Bezerra João Cícero Teixeira
Published: January 2017

O presente artigo apresenta dois perfis criados para Fra Angelico por dois historiadores da arte, Giulio Carlo Argan e George Didi-Huberman. Cotejam-se aproximações existentes entre a percepção dos historiadores no que se refere ao caráter inabitual de Angelico dentro do contexto do Renascimento italiano e as diferentes metodologias de abordagens usadas pelos estudiosos. Analisa-se o modo diferenciado de interpretação dado pelos autores às pinturas do artista e às fontes intelectuais formativas de Angelico, como São Tomás de Aquino, e apresenta-se o diálogo de ambos com a produção de Giorgio Vasari. Assim, o trabalho ajuíza sobre duas perspectivas historiográficas, a moderna de Argan e a contemporânea de Didi-Huberman, a fim de produzir um juízo acerca dos limites dos métodos.
Apesar da noite: a materialidade da figura humana em Philippe Grandrieux
Authors: Costa Júnior Edson Pereira da
Published: January 2017

No cinema de Philippe Grandrieux, o interesse em valorizar a presença da figura humana coexiste com um espaço pictórico crepuscular, na iminência de desaparecer na escuridão. Cria-se um regime aparentemente contraditório: o corpo ganha peso, materialidade, apesar do risco de sua diluição na imagem. Tendo isso em vista, o artigo discute como a modulação do negrume contribui para a sublimação visual e a restituição sensorial da figura humana em seus filmes, com foco em Sombra (Sombre, 1998) e mais brevemente em White epilepsy (2012). A partir do cotejo com as artes plásticas, sobretudo com obras de Pablo Picasso e de Paul Cézanne, busca-se pensar as particularidades de um programa que evoca o corpo a partir das sugestões espaciais e da circularidade na imagem.palavras-chave: figura humana; sombra; presença; cinema; pintura AbstractIn Philippe Grandrieux’s cinema, the interest in representing the presence of human figure coexists with a twilight pictorial space on the brink of fading into darkness. Therefore, we recognize a contradictory situation:  the body gets materiality in spite of his possibility of dissolves in the image. In view of the above, the paper aims to discuss how the shadow contributes to a visual sublimation and a sensory restitution of human figure in Grandrieux’s cinema, especially in Sombre (1998) and briefly in White epilepsy (2012). In relation with plastic art, notably the works of Pablo Picasso and Paul Cézanne, we intend to discuss the specificities of a formal proposition that seeks to evoke the body by space indices and by the circularity in the image.keywords: human figure; shadow; presence; cinema; painting
A farmácia performática: corpo e anticorpo no ato performativo
Authors: Magalhães Elisa de
Published: January 2017

Este artigo discorre sobre o ato performativo como desconstrução de si permanente, como relação conflituosa produtora de alteridades, entre elas, a alteridade radical, o todo outro, que é a cisão do corpo em íntimo e êxtimo, tão estranhos um para o outro que não podem se comunicar, surgem como corpo e anticorpo. Assim, o espectador só pode experienciar a performance se também performar, desconstruir-se, experimentar-se como infinito no infinito do outro. A atuação de Jean Desailly e Françoise Dorléac em cenas do filme La Peau Douce, de François Truffaut, são imagens deflagradoras do pensamento aqui desenvolvido sobre performance.
First record of the Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus Boddaert, 1783 (Aves: Ciconiiformes: Ciconiidae) breeding in the lowland wet zone of Sri Lanka
Authors: Kularatne Hemachandra , Udagedara Susantha
Published: January 2017

The Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus is a resident bird species commonly found breeding in the dry lowlands of Sri Lanka, preferably nesting in remote areas with minimal disturbance, although the breeding and nesting behavior has not yet been adequately documented.  Here we report its nesting behavior, for the first time in lowland wet zone Sri Lanka, from Thalagolla, Beddawela in Kegalle District.  Although its usual breeding season is in the dry zone from February to March with a second breeding cycle from November to early January, here we report breeding in the lowland wet zone from July–October in 2013–2014.  Further, it was interesting to note presumably the same couple of birds used the same nest in 2014 with minimum renovation.  In 2015 the nest had disintegrated and fallen due to continuous heavy rain and there have been no records till June 2016.  Breeding was again recorded from June–September in 2016 with a new nest in a different platform of twigs in the same tree.
First record of the Two-striped Box Crab Calappa bilineata Ng, Lai & Aungtonya, 2002 (Brachyura: Calappidae) from St. Martin’s Island, Bangladesh
Authors: Akash Muntasir , Hossain Mostafa A.R.
Published: January 2017

As part of survey of a BS (hons) study tour conducted by the Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, two specimens of box crab were caught with a beach seine net from the northern beach in front of the Hotel Prince Heaven (20038’07.50”N & 92019’34.68”E) on new moon of 07th December 2012.  Those box crabs were identified as the Two Striped Box Crab Calappa bilineata Ng, Lai & Aungtonya, 2002 which is turned out as a new record for Bangladesh and a record for the northern part of the Bay of Bengal.
A record of Limenitis rileyi Tytler, 1940 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Limenitidinae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Roy Purnendu
Published: January 2017

Limenitis rileyi is recorded for the first time in India from Upper Dibang Valley District, Arunachal Pradesh.
Hildenbrandia jigongshanensis (Hildenbrandiaceae, Rhodophyta), a new freshwater species described from Jigongshan Mountain, China
Authors: NAN FANG-RU , FENG JIA , LV JUN-PING , LIU QI , XIE SHU-LIAN
Published: January 2017

A new freshwater red alga, Hildenbrandia jigongshanensis, is described from materials collected on the surface of rocks in flowing water from Jigongshan Mountain, China. This new species is distinguished from the other freshwater members by significantly larger cell dimensions (9.8–19.6) × (9.9–10.4) μm and filament height (364–409 μm). Phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the rbcL gene and the construction of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) secondary structure demonstrated the separation between H. jigongshanensis and other freshwater Hildenbrandia species. Specimens of H. jigongshanensis formed a clade divergent from H. rivularis group with robust support values based on rbcL gene sequences, and was in the basal position relative to the monophyletic H. rivularis, whereas the species H. angolensis was paraphyletic and distributed among both the freshwater and marine clades. Primary structure of 18S rRNA produced phylogenetic tree with low resolutions and unresolved relationship among the freshwater Hildenbrandia species due to high sequence conservation. Secondary structure based on 18S rRNA sequences distinguished the new species by absence of 3 helices compared with common structure of H. rivularis. This species description brings the total number of recognized freshwater Hildenbrandia species in China to two.
Specialized Health Care Procedures in the Schools: Training and Service Delivery
Authors: Heller Kathryn Wolff , Fredrick Laura D. , Best Sherwood , Dykes Mary Kay , Cohen Elisabeth Tucker
Published: January 2017

Students who require specialized health care procedures at school need school personnel with specific knowledge and skills to promote a safe, healthy environment and to assist with procedures. This comprehensive national study examined the extent to which nonmedical personnel were responsible for performing health care procedures, training and supervising health care procedures, training in basic health skills to promote a safe environment for all students, and involving students in performing their own health care procedures. Results indicated that while teachers and paraprofessionals regularly perform these specialized health care procedures, although only about half reported being very knowledgeable about them. Results raise several issues regarding appropriate service delivery, training, and maintaining an appropriate instructional and healthy environment for students requiring these specialized health care procedures.
The Underlying Message in LD Intervention Research: Findings from Research Syntheses
Authors: Vaughn Sharon , Gersten Russell , Chard David J.
Published: January 2017

This article summarizes the critical findings of recent research syntheses funded by the Office of Special Education Programs and the National Center for Learning Disabilities. The syntheses examined research on higher-order processing and problem-solving, reading comprehension, written expression, and grouping practices associated with improved outcomes in reading for students with learning disabilities. Common principles of instruction are identified across the syntheses. These principles are summarized and illustrated with research-based exemplars of best practice.
Arithmetic Performance of Students: Implications for Standards and Programming
Authors: Cawley John , Parmar Rene , Foley Teresa E. , Salmon Susan , Roy Sharmila
Published: January 2017

This article presents a description of the arithmetic performance of students with mild disabilities and general education students and discusses these data in terms of student achievement and its implications for standards and programming. The data were obtained across grade levels 3–8 on 937 general education students and 197 students with mild disabilities. The data are discussed in terms of selected mathematics standards (e.g., Principles and Standards of School Mathematics NCTM, 2000) and Public Law 105–17, the amendments to IDEA. The latter assure that students with disabilities have access to and make progress in the general education curriculum.
Children Surviving Cancer: Psychosocial Adjustment, Quality of Life, and School Experiences
Authors: Bessell Ann G.
Published: January 2017

This study investigated the psychosocial adjustment, quality of life, and school experiences of posttreatment survivors of pediatric cancer. A multimethod, multisource approach examined survivors' adjustments to cancer and views related to educational and psychosocial sequelae of cancer treatment. Data were collected from 51 survivors, 8 to 17 years old. Quantitative assessments revealed anxiety in children and difficulties in psychosocial adjustment in the areas of scholastic competence, emotional stability, and social competence. Qualitative results revealed that students who repeated a grade were particularly concerned with their academic performance and peer relationships. Homebound instruction was reported to be academically inadequate and socially isolating. These results suggest that educators need specific knowledge and skills to successfully assess and teach students who have cancer.
Social Support in Inclusive Schools: Student and Teacher Perspectives
Authors: Pavri Shireen , Monda-Amaya Lisa
Published: January 2017

This article investigates student and teacher perceptions regarding social support at school. Thirty students with learning disabilities (LD) in inclusive third- to fifth-grade classrooms were interviewed about their social networks, perceived loneliness, social support, and intervention preferences for social problems encountered at school. Sixty general and special educators working with students with LD also were interviewed about their roles, strategies used, and preferred interventions in providing social support to students. Findings suggest that while students with LD feel part of a social network, many report school-related loneliness. General and special educators use similar strategies to support students. Results suggest a discrepancy between students' and teachers' choices of preferred social support strategies. Implications for enhancing social support are discussed.
Predictors of Restrictiveness of Placement for African-American and Caucasian Students
Authors: Hosp John L. , Reschly Daniel J.
Published: January 2017

This study explored differences in the special education programming of African-American and Caucasian students. The school records of 230 3rd- through 5th-grade students identified as having a learning disability from four school districts in Delaware were examined. Data on 102 variables related to special education referral, identification, and placement were coded from the records and analyzed. Analyses of variance were used to identify main effects for each variable and its interaction with race. Although a clear pattern was found in variables related to restrictiveness of placement, the pattern was found to be similar for African-American and Caucasian students. Implications for future research are provided.
Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students in Gifted Education: Recruitment and Retention Issues
Authors: Ford Donna Y. , Grantham Tarek C. , Whiting Gilman W.
Published: January 2017

The field of gifted education has faced criticism about the underrepresentation of African American, Hispanic/Latino, and American Indian students who are culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) in its programs. This article proposes that efforts targeting both recruitment and retention barriers are essential to remedying this disparity. Educators' deficit thinking about CLD students underlies both areas (recruitment and retention) and contributes to underrepresentation in significant, meaningful ways. The authors examine factors hindering the recruitment and retention of CLD students in gifted education, attending in particular to definitions and theories, testing, and referral issues, and offer recommendations for improving the representation of CLD students in gifted education.
Beyond Research on Cultural Minorities: Challenges and Implications of Research as Situated Cultural Practice
Authors: Arzubiaga Angela E. , Artiles Alfredo J. , King Kathleen A. , Harris-Murri Nancy
Published: January 2017

This article examines the cultural nature of research. This is a consequential idea as research knowledge is expected to inform professional practices for our increasingly multicultural society. We highlight theoretical and methodological limits of the traditional practice of research on cultural groups and outline research as situated cultural practice. This notion challenges researchers to widen the analytic spotlight from a focus on certain groups to shed light on two additional aspects, namely, the sociocultural location of the researcher as a cultural being and member of a scientific field, and the cultural presuppositions in a field's habitual practices. We outline a model of culture that underlies the idea of research as situated cultural practice. We illustrate this notion with quantitative and qualitative research examples and reflect on implications for future research.
The Predictive Utility of Kindergarten Screening for Math Difficulty
Authors: Seethaler Pamela M. , Fuchs Lynn S.
Published: January 2017

This study examined the reliability, validity, and predictive utility of kindergarten screening for risk for math difficulty (MD). Three screening measures, administered in September and May of kindergarten to 196 students, assessed number sense and computational fluency. Conceptual and procedural outcomes were measured at end of first grade, with MD operationalized as below the 16th percentile. The authors compared single-versus multiple-skill screeners, fall versus spring kindergarten screening, and conceptual versus procedural outcomes. Reliability and validity coefficients were adequate. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristics analyses indicated that the single- and multiple-skill screeners produced good and similar classification accuracy at the fall and spring screening occasions in forecasting conceptual outcome. To forecast procedural outcome, the screeners produced similar but less accurate fits.
Unequal Opportunities
Authors: Mason-Williams Loretta
Published: January 2017

This study profiles the qualifications and preparation of special educators from the 2003–2004 Schools and Staffing Survey and investigates their relationship with teaching in a high-poverty school. Based on Berne and Stiefel’s (1984) equal opportunity standard, students with disabilities in high-poverty schools are not provided an equitable education. The results echo state accountability reports that document a shortage of special education teachers meeting the highly qualified teacher standards in high-poverty schools and other research studies on the uneven distribution of teachers. Policies such as alternative certification programs, economic incentives, and induction programs aimed at recruiting and retaining qualified, prepared special educators are considered along with ideas for future research.
Comparative Study of Bullying Victimization Among Students in General and Special Education
Authors: Hartley Michael T. , Bauman Sheri , Nixon Charisse L. , Davis Stan
Published: January 2017

Research on bullying is an important avenue for understanding the social integration of students in special education. Focused on 3,305 students who self-reported victimization of two to three times per month or more, this study compared the pattern of verbal, relational, and physical bullying among students in general education and special education. Overall, students in special education reported more physical and emotional harm as well as more psychological distress as a result of their victimization. Self-reported rates of verbal and relational victimization were similar, but physical victimization was more often reported among students in special education. In addition, adult teachers and staff were more likely to verbally, relationally, and physically bully students in special education, according to student self-report.
The Education of Physically Handicapped Children In Yugoslavia
Authors: Taylor Wallace W. , Taylor Isabelle Wagner
Published: January 2017

The authors are indebted to Professor Branko Bajić, Dr. Miroslav Zotović, and Mrs. Branca Savić, all of Belgrade, for assembling much of the data on which this article is based. Professor Bajić is currently the recipient of the Donald Dabelstein Fellowship of the World Rehabilitation Fund, and is doing advanced work in special education at San Francisco State College.
Connotative Reactions of College Students to Disability Labels
Authors: Semmel Melvyn I. , Dickson Stanley
Published: January 2017

A total of 457 college freshmen and seniors in elementary education and special education were administered an instrument designed to evoke connotative reactions to disability labels in different described social psychological contexts. Differences in results are discussed in relationship to college major field, college level (class), disability labels, described social psychological situations, degree of contact with the handicapped, sex of students, and grade point average.