bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explicating the Prevalence of Women Farmers’ Deterrence from Microfinance Banks (MFBs) Loans in South-East Nigeria. A Censored Tobit Regression Model of Analysis
Authors: UKOHA Igwe ikenna , Mejeha Remy , Nwaru Jude , Ibeagwa Okwudili , Maduike Ifeanyi , Osuji Emeka
Published: August 2020

The Prevalence of Farmers’ Deterrence from loan applications has the technical potential to proliferate, the level of financial exclusion in developing countries. Conversely, assessments of the determinants of the aforementioned practices remain limited. In contrast to erstwhile studies, this paper this fills the research gap by offering specific consideration to a divergent methodology in examining the prevalence of smallholder women farmers’ deterrence from MFBs credit, while considering expressions of the premeditated decisions made by the farmers not to apply for loans. Cross-sectional data collected via the administration of questionnaire were further analyzed using the loan deterrence indices model (LDI) and the censored Tobit regression (CTR) model. Evidence from results showed a high prevalence of loan deterrence by the farmers. Furthermore, we find that farm size, age of the respondents, household size, annual income, education level, proximity to bank, and accessibility to account officer are strong drivers of loan deterrence in South-East Nigeria. We recommend that MFBs should make loaning conditions “farmer friendly” by introducing more account officers, educating the farmers on terms and conditions to be met on loan contracts, extending credit to farmers irrespective of their age, farm size and annual income among others.
Indicators of Guideline-Concordant Care in Lung Cancer Defined with a Modified Delphi Method and Piloted in a Cohort of Over 5,800 Cases
Authors: Andreano Anita , Valsecchi Maria Grazia , Russo Antonio Giampiero , Siena Salvatore
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND
to identify indicators of guideline-concordant care in lung cancer, to implement such indicators with cancer registry data linked to health databases, and to pilot them in a cohort of patients from the cancer registry of the Milan Province.
METHODS
thirty-four indicators were selected by revision of main guidelines by cancer epidemiologists, and then evaluated by a multidisciplinary panel of clinicians involved in lung cancer care and working on the pathway of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment in the Lombardy region, Italy. With a modified Delphi method, they assessed for each indicator the content validity as a quality measure of the care pathway, the degree of modifiability from the health professional, and the relevance to the health professional. Feasibility was assessed using the cancer registry and the routine health records of the Lombardy region. Feasible indicators were then calculated in the cohort of lung cancer patients diagnosed in 2007‑2012 derived from the cancer registry of the Milan Province. Criterion validity was assessed reviewing clinical records of a random sample of 114 patients (threshold for acceptable discordance ≤ 20%). Finally, reliability was evaluated at the provider level.
RESULTS
initially, 34 indicators were proposed for evaluation in the first Delphi round. Of the finally 22 selected indicators, 3 were not feasible because the required information was actually not available. The remaining 19 were calculated on the pilot cohort. After assessment of criterion validity (3 eliminated), 16 indicators were retained in the final set and evaluated for reliability.
CONCLUSION
the developed and piloted set of indicators is now available to implement and monitor, over time, quality initiatives for lung cancer care in the studied health system.
Optimal Intermittent Administration Interval of Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 for Bone Morphogenetic Protein-induced Bone Formation in a Rat Spinal Fusion Model
Authors: Abe Tetsutaro , Miyazaki Masashi , Ishihara Toshinobu , Kanezaki Shozo , Tsubouchi Yuhta , Kataoka Masashi , Tsumura Hiroshi
Published: August 2020

Background: Both bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and teriparatide (parathyroid hormone [PTH] 1-34) are used to enhance bone healing. There is still no established opinion regarding the optimum dose and administration method. We investigated the optimal dose and administration method for the combination of BMP-2 and PTH 1-34 in a rat spinal fusion model. Methods: Group I was implanted with a control carrier. Groups II, III, and IV were implanted with a carrier containing 3μg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2). In addition, following implantation, PTH 1-34 injections were administered to Group III thrice a week (total, 180 μg/kg/week) and Group IV six times a week (total, 180 µg/kg/week). The rats were euthanized after 8 weeks, and their spines were explanted; assessed by manual palpation, radiographs, and high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT); and subjected to histological analysis. Serum markers of bone metabolism were also analyzed. Results: Manual palpation tests showed that the fusion rates in Groups III and IV were considerably higher than those in Group I. They also had higher radiographic scores than Group I. Micro-CT analysis revealed enhanced bone marrow density expressed as bone volume/tissue volume in Group IV versus Group I. Serum marker analysis revealed that Group IV had higher osteocalcin and lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b than Group III. Histological analysis indicated that Group IV had enhanced remodeling. Conclusions: The rhBMP-2 and PTH combination enhanced bone fusion and remodeling of newly formed bone in the rat spinal fusion model. More frequent administration may be superior in terms of bone fusion and bone metabolism.
Genomic and Prognostic Heterogeneity Among RAS/BRAFV600E/TP53 Co-Mutated Resectable Colorectal Liver Metastases
Authors: Berg Kaja C. G. , Brunsell Tuva H. , Sveen Anita , Alagaratnam Sharmini , Bjørnslett Merete , Hektoen Merete , Brudvik Kristoffer W. , Røsok Bård I. , Bjørnbeth Bjørn Atle , Nesbakken Arild , Lothe Ragnhild A
Published: August 2020

Background

Hepatic resection is potentially curative for patients with colorectal liver metastases, but the treatment benefit varies. KRAS/NRAS (RAS)/TP53 co-mutations are associated with a poor prognosis after resection, but there is large variation in patient outcome within the mutation groups, and genetic testing is currently not used to determine the likely benefit from surgery. We have investigated the potential for improved prognostic stratification by combined biomarker analysis with DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) in a tumor heterogeneity setting.
Methods

We determined the mutation status of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and TP53 in 441 liver lesions from 171 patients treated by partial hepatectomy for metastatic colorectal cancer. CNAs were profiled in 232 tumors from 67 of the patients.
Results

Driver mutations in KRAS, NRAS, BRAFV600E, and TP53, and high-level amplifications affecting cancer-critical genes such as ERBB2 and EGFR, were predominantly homogeneous within patients. RAS/BRAFV600E and TP53 co-mutations were associated with a poor patient outcome (hazard ratio, HR, 3.9, 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.3–11.1, p = 0.012) in multivariable analyses with clinicopathological variables. The genome-wide CNA burden and intra-patient inter-metastatic CNA heterogeneity varied within both the mutated and the wild-type groups. Combined prognostic analyses of RAS/BRAFV600E/TP53 mutations and CNAs, either as a high CNA burden or high inter-metastatic CNA heterogeneity, identified patients with a particularly poor outcome (co-mutation/high CNA burden: HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2–5.9, p = 0.013; co-mutation/high CNA heterogeneity: HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.1–5.6, p = 0.022).
Conclusions

DNA copy number profiling identified genomic and prognostic heterogeneity among patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases with co-mutated RAS/BRAFV600E/TP53.
Video Self-Modeling for a Student with Dravet Syndrome: an Intervention Involving Parents During Covid-19 Pandemic in Italy
Authors: Vascelli Luca , Berardo Federica
Published: August 2020

Video-modeling instruction (VMI) offers several advantages in term of increased efficiency, control over the presentation of stimuli and logistical factors. These characteristics seems to be important in term of helping families of individuals with developmental disabilities during the restriction due to the Covid-19 global pandemic in Italy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of video self-modeling (VSM) on three different behaviors of a 12-year-old boy with Dravet syndrome. The mother of the boy was instructed to use VMI through the use of role playing and performance feedback in order to directly implement the procedure. A multiple baseline design across behaviors was used. The dependent variable was the number of correct responses for each behavior. Results showed the procedure was effective in increasing the performance of the participant. Considerations were made related to the potential that a tele health intervention could have in term of efficiency, sustainability and parents’ involvement during and after the health emergency.
O ENSINO FRATERNAL E HUMANISTA COMO PRESSUPOSTO DEMOCRÁTICO E A EFETIVA INTEGRAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS NA AGENDA EDUCACIONAL ATÉ 2030
Authors: Veiga Fábio Da Silva , Da Costa Vivian Rodrigues Madeira
Published: August 2020

Como fruto do trabalho do Fórum Mundial sobre a Educação realizado em 2015 e liderado pela Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura, foi publicada no cenário internacional a Declaração de Incheon e o Marco de Ação até 2030, rumo a uma educação de qualidade inclusiva e equitativa e à educação ao longo da vida para todos. Esta Declaração, de significativa importância no âmbito internacional, deve ter um reflexo necessário nas democracias constitucionais contemporâneas, de forma a implementar definitivamente o conteúdo dos direitos humanos tanto de forma objetiva, como parte da matéria constante no programa curricular, quanto de maneira a nortear a política de ensino, a partir da introdução de importantes medidas de justiça social. Com efeito, o ensino precisa ser mais abrangente, livre e inclusivo, sendo o acesso à educação um direito humano e, portanto, reconhecidamente essencial ao livre desenvolvimento humano. O conteúdo humanista e fraterno precisa ser alçado ao debate político e não ser relegado ao campo puramente da ética, muito embora essa seara também seja juridicamente importante. Mas, o próprio princípio da fraternidade traz consigo uma força axiológica passível de objetividade e não deve ser olvidado, como componente importante da famosa tríade principiológica revolucionária, a modular e moldar a liberdade e a igualdade. Da mesma forma, a instrução é pressuposto para a efetividade e a legitimidade democráticas, vez que não pode haver um governo do povo sem educação e, assim, possibilidade de manifestação livre da vontade. Ao longo do presente artigo, buscar-se-á abordar tais aspectos, de maneira a defender a inclusão dos direitos humanos na agenda educativa, constituindo um sistema de ensino fraternal e humanista a ser instituído até 2030.
Modelling runoff in an arid watershed through integrated support vector machine
Authors: Samantaray Sandeep , Ghose Dillip K.
Published: August 2020

Modelling of runoff is a significant practice in water resources engineering. Therefore, discovering consistent and advanced methods for prediction of runoff is crucial for hydrologic processes. Here, a narrative integrated intelligence model attached with PSR (phase space reconstruction) is anticipated to estimate runoff for five watersheds of Balangir, Odisha, India. Monthly monsoon precipitation, temperature, humidity data of five watersheds over 28 years (1990–2017) are employed and validated. Here, the proposed model is an integration of support vector machine (SVM) with firefly algorithm (FFA) and PSR. Various indices such as NSE (Nash–Sutcliffe), RMSE (root mean square error) and WI (Willmott's index) are used to find the performance of the model. The developed PSR-SVM-FFA model demonstrates pre-eminent WI value ranging from 0.97 to 0.98 while the SVM and SVM-FFA models encompass 0.92 to 0.93 and 0.94 to 0.95, respectively. Also, an assessment of data from the suggested model is schemed and validated. The proposed PSR-SVM-FFA model gives better accuracy results and error limiting up to 2–3%.
Remote Assessment of Functional Mobility and Strength in Older Cancer Survivors: Protocol for a Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Blair Cindy K , Harding Elizabeth , Herman Carla , Boyce Tawny , Demark-Wahnefried Wendy , Davis Sally , Kinney Anita Y , Pankratz Vernon S
Published: August 2020

Background

Older cancer survivors, faced with both age- and treatment-related morbidity, are at increased and premature risk for physical function limitations. Physical performance is an important predictor of disability, quality of life, and premature mortality, and thus is considered an important target of interventions designed to prevent, delay, or attenuate the physical functional decline. Currently, low-cost, valid, and reliable methods to remotely assess physical performance tests that are self-administered by older adults in the home-setting do not exist, thus limiting the reach, scalability, and dissemination of interventions.

Objective

This paper will describe the rationale and design for a study to evaluate the accuracy, reliability, safety, and acceptability of videoconferencing and self-administered tests of functional mobility and strength by older cancer survivors in their own homes.

Methods

To enable remote assessment, participants receive a toolkit and instructions for setting up their test course and communicating with the investigator. Two standard gerontologic performance tests are being evaluated: the Timed Up and Go test and the 30-second chair stand test. Phase 1 of the study evaluates proof-of-concept that older cancer survivors (age ≥60 years) can follow the testing protocol and use a tablet PC to communicate with the study investigator. Phase 2 evaluates the criterion validity of videoconference compared to direct observation of the two physical performance tests. Phase 3 evaluates reliability by enrolling 5-10 participants who agree to repeat the remote assessment (without direct observation). Phase 4 enrolls 5-10 new study participants to complete the remote assessment test protocol. Feedback from participants in each phase is used to refine the test protocol and instructions.

Results

Enrollment began in December 2019. Ten participants completed the Phase 1 proof-of-concept. The study was paused in mid-March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study is expected to be completed by the end of 2020.

Conclusions

This validity and reliability study will provide important information on the acceptability and safety of using videoconferencing to remotely assess two tests of functional mobility and strength, self-administered by older adults in their homes. Videoconferencing has the potential to expand the reach, scalability, and dissemination of interventions to older cancer survivors, and potentially other older adults, especially in rural areas.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04339959; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04339959

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/20834
Difficult Journey
Authors: Boynudelik Beyza
Published: August 2020

P. 157
Pensar los lugares de memoria: el uso del hashtag en Twitter
Authors: Figueroa Muñoz Ledo Adriana Araceli
Published: August 2020

En este texto se analiza la figura del hashtag (#) en Twitter como lugar de memoria y espacio para su construcción empleando los casos del primer aniversario del terremoto del 19 de septiembre de 2017 en México y el cuarto aniversario de la desaparición de los 43 estudiantes de Ayotzinapa. Se discuten postulados de estudiosos clásicos de la memoria y su pertinencia para el análisis de las redes sociodigitales como potenciales lugares de memoria y/o vectores que la configuran. Se concluye que el uso del hashtag constituye un espacio de memoria y enunciación para grupos usualmente silenciados o invisibilizados; no obstante, no está libre de censura ni exclusión. Estas reflexiones pueden ampliarse a cómo algunos espacios digitales abren la puerta a fuentes de datos útiles para la Historia enunciadas desde voces consideradas no oficiales.
Geographic and Racial/Ethnic Variation in Glycemic Control and Treatment in a National Sample of Veterans with Diabetes
Authors: Hunt Kelly J , Davis Melanie , Pearce John , Bian John , Guagliardo Mark F , Moy Ernest , Axon R. Neal , Neelon Brian
Published: August 2020

Background: Geographic and racial/ethnic
disparities related to diabetes control and treatment has not previously been
examined at the national level.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was
conducted in a national cohort of 1,140,634 veterans with diabetes, defined as
two or more diabetes ICD-9 codes (250.xx) across inpatient and outpatient
records. Main exposures of interest included 125 VA Medical Center (VAMC)
catchment areas as well as race-ethnic group. The main outcome measure was
HbA1c level dichotomized at ≥ 8.0% (≥ 64 mmol/mol).

Results: After adjustment for age, gender, race-ethnic
group, service-connected disability, marital status and the van Walraven
Elixhauser comorbidity score, the prevalence of uncontrolled diabetes varied by
VAMC catchment area with values ranging from 19.1% to 29.2%. Moreover, these differences
largely persisted after further adjusting for medication use and adherence as
well as utilization and access metrics. Racial-ethnic differences in diabetes
control were also noted. In our final models, compared to non-Hispanic whites,
non-Hispanic blacks (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.09-1.14) and Hispanics (OR: 1.36; 95%
CI: 1.09-1.14) had higher odds of uncontrolled HBA1C level.

Conclusions: In a national veteran
diabetes cohort, we found geographic as well as racial-ethnic differences in
diabetes control rates that were not explained by adjustment for demographics,
comorbidity burden, use or type of diabetes medication, healthcare utilization,
access metrics, or medication adherence. Moreover, disparities in sub-optimal
control appeared consistent across most but not all VAMC catchment areas with
non-Hispanic black and Hispanic veterans having a higher odds of sub-optimal
diabetes control than non-Hispanic white veterans.
Pengaruh Penerapan Sistem Control Valve Cooler 1 Berbasis Microcontroller ATmega 2560 Terhadap Moisture Pakan After Mixing dengan Bagging Off di PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Tbk. Unit Padang
Authors: Solihin Eko , Sukardi Sukardi
Published: August 2020

This research aims to know and analyze the effect of application of control valve Cooler 1 Based On atmega 2560 microcontroller for Moisture feed after mixing with bagging off at PT. JAPFA comfeed Indonesia, Tbk. Unit Padang. The type of research used is the study of surveys with the analysis of data used i.e. simple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of the study, testing of normality obtained the significance value of 0.200 with normal categories and R square test results worth 29.4%. The results of simple linear regression test partially with T test, Mempertlihatkan that the application of the control valve Cooler 1-Base atmega 2560 microcontroller system significantly affects the after-mixing Moisture feed with bagging off. The interpretation is that each temperature reduction of the resulting control valve cooler 1 Microcontroller-Based atmega 2560 in one unit affects the difference of moisture feed after mixing with a bagging off of 2.425.
Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Dasar Listrik dan Elektronika Untuk Kelas X TITL SMK Negeri 1 Padang
Authors: Zega Yermon , Eliza Fivia
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan modul pembelajaran Dasar Listrik dan Elektronika (DLE) yang valid dan praktis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan Model 4D. Subjek penelitian ini siswa kelas X TITL SMK Negeri 1 Padang yang terdaftar pada semester 2 tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh validitas modul pembelajaran adalah 90,66% dengan kategori valid. Uji Praktikalitas dengan reponden guru adalah 87,61% dan siswa nilai rata-rata 90,16% menyatakan modul pembelajaran DLE adalah sangat praktis. Disimpulkan bahwa modul pembelajaran DLE adalah valid dan praktis dalam proses belajar mengajar untuk Dasar Listrik dan Elektronika.
EIN LOGOS FÜR DAS SEIN UND DEN GOTT. HEIDEGGERS AUSEINANDERSETZUNG MIT DER THEOLOGIE AB DEN DREIßIGER JAHREN
Authors: MARAFIOTI Rosa Maria
Published: August 2020

A Logos for Being and God. Heidegger’s Confrontation with Theology from the 1930s. I. Heidegger’s entire itinerary is characterised by the search for a living relationship with God, and thus for a Logos able to think and name the divine without objectifying its divinity. Heidegger’s theological heritage is crucial for his development of the question of Being. Although Heidegger characterizes philosophy as a-theistic in principle already in 1922, he continues to consider of great importance a dialogue with a kind of theology that does not objectify God by means of a dogmatic doctrinal system. Distancing himself from neo-scholastic theology, which makes use of Aristotelian notions based on traditional metaphysics, and that, therefore, should be destroyed, at the end of the 1920s Heidegger assigns to his existential ontology a corrective role towards theology as science of faith. However, from the 1930s onwards he deems it impossible to talk about God until the forgetfulness of the truth of Being is overcome. For this reason, Heidegger understands as task of his thinking the preparation of an authentic experience of divinity. Consequently, he defines his meditation as corrective for thinkers and theologians who pretend to exceed the limits of philosophy and theology and who, failing to differentiate the two, end up believing in Being and conceptualizing God.
ROBERVAL’S SCEPTICISM IN THE ‟ARISTARCHI SAMII DE MUNDI SYSTEMATE”
Authors: BABEȘ Ovidiu
Published: August 2020

This paper argues for a different interpretation of Roberval’s scepticism in his Aristarchi Samii de mundi systemate. Roberval’s mild sceptical attitude, along with his fake attribution of hiscosmological treatise to the ancient Aristarchus of Samos, are explained by prudential reasons related to censure. I will instead provide a more internalist reading. There are deeper metaphysical and epistemological reasons for Roberval’s pessimism about the prospect of a perfect science of celestial motions, as well as for his (non-realistic) acceptance of heliocentrism as just a more plausible system than Ptolemy’s or Tycho’s. I start by spelling out two distinct sceptical worries conflated in the Aristarchi. The first is a general agnosticism regarding certainty about the causes of the motions of the heavens—it is more of a worry that the true system of the world can never be known. The second is a particular pessimism regarding the prospects of improving astronomy. The same effect (the apparent motions of the heavenly bodies) can be produced by diverse causes. Judging by what seemed to be the most probable physical causes of the heavenly motions, Roberval saw no reason for the existence of a precisely predictable regularity in heavenly motions. Both sceptical attitudes have to do, aside from the cosmology of the Aristarchi, with the theory of science he expounds in his private Principes du debvoir et des cognoissances humaine, and in a fragment he wrote for Mersenne’s Curiouse perspective de Niceron.
Orðaforðakennsla með sögulestri fyrir börn með málþroskaröskun
Authors: Sigfúsdóttir Sigrún Alda , Einarsdóttir Jóhanna T. , Karlsson Þorlákur , Bergþórsdóttir Íris Ösp
Published: August 2020

Tilgangur rannsóknarinnar var að bera saman áhrif beinnar og óbeinnar orðaforðakennslu hjá börnum með málþroskaröskun. Einkenni málþroskaröskunar er slök færni í tungumálinu, bæði í málskilningi og máltjáningu. Beina orðaforðakennslan fólst í að lesa sögubók og skoða hvort börn lærðu ný orð með því að útskýra og vinna sérstaklega með ákveðin markorð sem komu fyrir í textanum. Við óbeina kennslu var sama bók lesin án þess að staldra við markorðin eða útskýra þau. Þátttakendur voru tveir, báðir í elsta árgangi í leikskóla, og höfðu niðurstöður málþroskamælinga fyrir íhlutun sýnt slaka færni, bæði í málskilningi og máltjáningu. Kennslan fór fram í leikskóla barnanna fjórum sinnum í viku, í sex vikur. Niðurstöður leiddu í ljós að góður árangur náðist með þann orðaforða sem kenndur var með beinni kennslu. Orðaforði barnanna jókst hins vegar mun minna við óbeina kennslu. Sú þekking sem börnin höfðu tileinkað sér að lokinni íhlutun hélst að nokkru leyti mánuði eftir að íhlutun lauk. Mikilvægt er að lesa fyrir leikskólabörn og skapa aðstæður þar sem markvisst er verið að kenna ný orð. Jafnframt er nauðsynlegt að huga sérstaklega vel að börnum með slaka málfærni og auðvelda þeim að hlusta á sögu með því að útskýra orð jafnóðum. Þessar niðurstöður gefa vísbendingar um að til að auka orðaforða barna við sögulestur þurfi að útskýra ný orð sérstaklega. Foreldrar, kennarar og talmeinafræðingar geta ekki gert ráð fyrir að börn tileinki sér ný orð með því að heyra þau lesin í sögubók og geti sér til um þýðingu þeirra út frá samhengi.
PENGUJIAN SINGKRONISASI DAN EVALUASI PARAMETER KINERJA TURBIN UAP DARI PLTP SKALA KECIL 3 MW KAMOJANG
Authors: Aziz Amiral , Cahyadi Cahyadi , Suyanto Suyanto
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan hasil analisa eksergi yang telah dilakukan pada Sistem Turbin Uap PLTP Skala Kecil 3 MW Kamojang. Analisis eksergi adalah alat untuk identifikasi jenis, lokasi dan besarnya kerugian termal. Identifikasi dan kualifikasi kerugian ini memungkinkan untuk evaluasi dan perbaikan desain sistem termal . Analisa ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data-data operasi pada waktu pengujian sinkronisasi dan membandingkan parameter kinerja PLTP yang dihasilkan terhadap parameter desain PLTP 3 MW. Pengujian dilakukan dengan rolling turbin uap dari putaran paling rendah 500 rpm, dilakukan selama kurang lebih satu jam sekaligus untuk memanaskan turbin uap agar tercapai temperatur yang merata pada turbin uap (warming up), kemudian putaran turbin uap di naikan secara bertahap dengan menghindari titik-titik putaran kritis sesuai dengan hasil bump test. Pada saat pengujian,  tekanan kondensor pada saat Rolling jauh lebih tinggi dari nilai desain sebesar 0,16 barabsolut. sehingga Daya Real Generator tidak tercapai sesuai desain sebesar 3000 kW. Efisiensi isentropis turbin 67,88 % pada waktu Rolling tanggal 5 Mei 2019, 67,46 % pada waktu Rolling tanggal 25 Nov 2019 dan 72,5 % pada waktu desain. Efisiensi eksergi dari PLTP sebesar 33,19 % pada desain namun hanya 25,37 % pada waktu Rolling tanggal 5 Mei 2019 dan 23 % pada pada waktu Rolling tanggal 25 November 2019. Dari hasil pengujian Sinkronisasi 3 x 24 jam yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2019 dan pada bulan November 2019 dapat disimpulan bahwa Daya Real generator yang dihasilkan pada tanggal 5 Mei 2019 dan pada tanggal 25 Nov 2019 masing-masing 2138 kW dan 2003 kW.
Hybrid warfare: untraceable armies and invisible hands
Authors: Pershin Yurii Yur'evich
Published: August 2020

The object of this research is the concept of “hybrid forces”. Hybrid warfare is a war that employs hybrid force, which hybridity depends on whether they are composed of regular or irregular component. Initially, the irregular component involved partisans, who were later replaced by Special Forces Units, including Commando, which continued to perform a role of irregular units. Hybrid forces, in accordance with the Western doctrines, are most effective. Therefore, it appears relevant to conduct a historical overview and specify methodological approaches towards emergence, role, effectiveness, and potential usage of hybrid forces based on the data provided in foreign sources. The concept is examines its initial meaning, content and relevance of application in describing the conduct of military operations in the modern conditions. The scientific novelty of this work consists in the analysis of foreign source, which in the author’s opinion, underlies the concept of “hybrid warfare”. The historical retrospective, presented in the source, would help theoreticians of hybrid warfare to define this concept with more precision. The conclusion is made that the phenomenon recently dubbed as “hybrid warfare” and “hybrid forces” is not new and has analogues in human history.
Eficiência comunicativa: desafios e tendências
Authors: Sousa Marta Deysiane Alves Faria
Published: August 2020

Neste texto, resenha-se a conferência da pesquisadora Dr.ª Natalia Levshina intitulada Eficiência comunicativa, teoria da informação e os limites da mente humana proferida no evento Abralin ao vivo – Linguists online, no dia 06 de julho de 2020. A conferencista, por meio de sua fala, busca problematizar a questão da eficiência comunicativa e sua relação com a teoria da informação e a pragmática, utilizando exemplos linguísticos tanto da fala humana quanto de línguas artificiais. Ao final de sua arguição, a pesquisadora discorre sobre desafios e aponta possíveis soluções para o desenvolvimento da teoria da eficiência comunicativa utilizando para tanto experimentos com a aprendizagem de línguas artificiais.
VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF A SOFTWARE: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: M. Altaie Atica , Gh. Alsarraj Rasha , H. Al-Bayati Asmaa
Published: August 2020

With the development of the Internet, making software is often essential, also it is complicated to succeed in the project’s development. There is a necessity in delivering software of top quality. It might be accomplished through using the procedures of Verification and Validation (V&V) via development processes. The main aim of the V&V has been checking if the created software is meeting the needs and specifications of clients. V&V has been considered as collections related to testing as well as analysis activities across the software’s full life cycle. Quick developments in software V&V were of high importance in developing approaches and tools for identifying possible concurrent bugs and therefore verifying the correctness of software. It has been reflecting the modern software V&V concerning efficiency. The main aim of this study has been retrospective review related to various researches in software V&V and conduct a comparison between them.

              In the modern competitive world related to the software, the developers of software must be delivering on-time quality products, also the developers should be verifying that the software has been properly functioning and validating the product for each one of the client’s requirements. The significance of V&V in the development of software has been maintaining the quality of software. The approaches of V&V have been utilized in all stages of the System Development Life Cycle. Furthermore, the presented study also provides objectives of V&V and describes V&V tools that can be used in the process of software development, the way of improving the software’s quality.
PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM DAN PUPUK NPK 16:16:16 TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PAKIS SAYUR (Diplazium esculentum S.)
Authors: Nescaya Suhendri  , T. Rosmawaty  , Raisa Baharuddin
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the interactions and main effects of planting media and NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer on growth and production in vegetable ferns (Diplazium esculentum S.). The design used is a Factorial Complete Random Design. The first factor is the planting media of peat soil and mineral soil consists of 3 levels of treatment, namely: peat soil, mineral soil and a combination of 1: 1 peat and mineral soil while the second factor is NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer with 4 levels of treatment, namely: 0, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 g / polybag so that 12 treatment combinations were obtained, with 3 replications, then a total of 36 experimental units were obtained. Each unit consists of 4 plants with 2 plants used as samples. Observation parameters consisted of the age of emergence of shoots, plant height, number of young leaves, economical wet weight and dry weight. The results showed that the interaction of planting media and NPK 16:16:16 fertilizers gave a real influence on the number of young leaves with the best treatment was the planting media of a combination of peat and mineral soil 1: 1 and 0.6 g NPK fertilizer 16:16:16 (M3N2 ). The main effect of the planting medium was evident on the parameters of plant height, number of young leaves, economic wet weight, and dry weight. The best treatment is found in a combination of peat and mineral media 1: 1 (M3). The main effect of NPK 16:16:16 was significantly affected by the number of young leaves, economic wet weight and dry weight with the best treatment of 0.3 g (N1). 

Keywords: Growing media, NPK Fertilizer, Vegetable Fern
UJI BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK RIMPANG JERINGAU (Acorus calamus L.) UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA WALANG SANGIT (Leptocorisa acuta Thunberg) PADA TANAMAN PADI GOGO (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Desita Salbiah  , Nizwan Harefa
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Government efforts in supporting the increase in national rice production, namely optimizing dry land by planting upland rice. Rice seed bug (Leptocorisa acuta Thunberg) is a potential pest that at certain times become an important pest on the upland rice plants, therefore needed to control is using organic insecticide such as sweet flag rhizome extract. This research was aimed to obtain an effective concentration sweet flag rhizome extract (Acorus calamus L.) to control rice seed bug pest (Leptocorisa acuta Thunberg) on the ​​upland rice plant (Oryza sativa L.). The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden and Plant Pest Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, Pekanbaru from January to May 2018. The experimentally by using a completely randomized design (CRD), which consist of five concentration sweet flag rhizome extract treatments are 0 g.l-1 water, 20 g.l-1 water, 40 g.l-1 water, 60 g.l-1 water and 80 g.l-1 water. The treatments repeated four times, therefore, twenty experimental units. The results showed that the concentration of 80 g.l-1 water was an effective concentration to control rice seed bug with the fastest start time of death at 1,25 hours, the fastest LT50 at 30,25 hours and the total mortality rate of 87,50%.

Keywords: Organic insecticide, Sweet Flag Rhizome, Rice Seed Bug, Upland Rice
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KOMPOS AMPAS TEBU DAN NPK 16:16:16 TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SERTA PRODUKSI BUNCIS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Rian Juniarto  , Maizar  , Raisa Baharuddin
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the interaction of bagasse compost and NPK 16:16:16 on the growth and production of green beans. This research uses a factorial completely randomized design (RAL) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor of bagasse compost (A) consists of 4 levels, namely: 0, 600, 1200, 1800 g / plot. The second factor NPK 16:16:16 (N) consists of 4 levels, namely: 0, 16, 24, 32 g / plot. Each treatment consisted of 3 replications so that the total was 48 experimental units. The parameters observed were stem length, flowering age, harvest age, number of pods per plant, pod weight per plant, pod weight per plot, pod length per pod, number of remaining pods. Data were analyzed statistically and continued with a BNJ follow-up test of a 5% level. The results showed that the interaction of bagasse compost and NPK 16:16:16 significantly affected pod weight per plant, pod weight per plot, number of pods per plant, pod length per pod, and number of remaining pods. The best treatment of bagasse compost at a dose of 1200 g / plot and NPK 16:16:16 24 g / plot (A2N2). The main effect of the bagasse compost was evident in all observational parameters. The best treatment is 1200 g / plot (A2). The main effect of the 16:16:16 NPK dose is evident in all observational parameters. The best treatment dose is 24 g / per plot (N2).

Keywords:  Bagasse compost, NPK, Green Beans
Persistent, Highly Localized, and Tunable [4]Helicene Radicals
Authors: Shaikh Aslam , Moutet Jules , Veleta Jose M , Hossain Md Mubarak , bloch jan , Astashkin Andrei V. , Gianetti thomas
Published: August 2020

Persistent organic radicals have gained considerable attention in the fields of catalysis and material sciences. In particular, helical molecules are of great interest for the development and application of novel organic radicals in optoelectronic and spintronic materials. Here we report the syntheses of easily tunable and stable neutral quinolinoacridine radicals under anaerobic conditions by chemical reduction of their quinolinoacridinium cation analogs. The structures of these [4]helicene radicals were determined by X-ray crystallography. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, supported by Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements, indicate that over 40% of spin density is located at the central carbon of the [4]helicene radicals regardless of their structural modifications. The localization of the charge promotes a reversible oxidation to the cation upon exposure to air. This unusual reactivity toward molecular oxygen was monitored via UV-Vis spectroscopy.
Molecular Docking and Simulation Studies Predict Lactyl-CoA as the Substrate for P300 Directed Lactylation
Authors: Patel Rushikesh , Kumar Ajay , Lokhande Kiran Bharat , Swamy K.V. , pal Jayanta K. , Sharma Prof. Nilesh Kumar
Published: August 2020

Background According to Warburg effects, cancer cells are known to produce lactate as an end product instead of pyruvate and accumulation of lactate is linked to metabolic reprogramming. Hiowever, substantial exist in terms of the non-metabolic role of lactate including modification of histones during epigenetic regulation, in particular. Methods This study employs in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics study to determine the potential mechanisms of lactylation on histone proteins that achieve epigenetic changes in cancer and non-cancer cells. Here, we tested three potential substrate sources for lactylation, namely lactate (CHEBI ID:24996), lactyl-CoA (CHEBI ID:15529) and (R)-Slactoylglutathione (PubChem ID-440018). A histone acetyltransferase p300 (HAT p300) enzyme (PDB ID: 6GYR) was considered as a potential candidate for the lactylation process. Results Among the studied substrates for the lactylation process, molecular docking reveals a highly efficient binding affinity (docking energy -8.6 Kcal/Mol) of lacyl-CoA with p300 enzyme. On the other hand, lactate and (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione did not shown any significant and specific binding to HAT p300 enzyme. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation study suggestsa stable binding of lactyl-CoA at the substrate-binding site of p300 with amino acid residues ASP-1399, HIS1402, ARG-1410, THR1411, TYR1414, TRP1436, ASP1454 and LYS1456. Conclusion In conclusion, our data support that lactyl-CoA is a potential substrate for lactylation carried out by the HAT p300 enzyme. However, lactyl-CoA is not detected at the physiological level in cancer and non-cancer supporting cells such as macrophage. Based on our data and existing views on lactylation, the authors propose an involvement of pro-tumor bacteria in this that converts lactate to lactyl-CoA and lactyl-CoA is shuttled to the macrophage within the tumor microenvironment. Due to lactyl-CoA entry into macrophages (anti-tumorigenic)s, lactylation process allow the transcriptional changes and achieve the M1 to M2 macrophage polarization (pro-tumor) and in turn, promotes the tumor growth and survival.
First Principle Investigations of Long-range Magnetic Exchange Interactions via Polyacene Coupler
Authors: Kaur Prabhleen , Ali Md. Ehesan
Published: August 2020

The polyacene tend to transition from closed-shell to open-shell singlet systems with increase in the number of linearly fused benzene rings thus, enriching it's electronic as well as magnetic properties. Here, we have probed the role of such a polyacene couplers in mediating the magnetic exchange coupling between nitroxy radicals. For this, magnetic exchange coupling constants (2J) are computed employing broken-symmetry approach within density functional theory (DFT) as well as symmetry-adopted wave function based multi-configuration approach. Within DFT approach, apart from most commonly used exchange-correlation functional (generalized gradient approximation (GGA), meta-GGA, and hybrid) constrained spin density (CDFT) and on-site Coulomb correlation corrected GGA+U functionals have also been used to evaluate the exchange coupling constants in the diradicals. All DFT based methods approximate an exponential increase in the coupling constant values with increase in the length of the coupler. This is indeed an unexpected observation with no experimental report available to such an outcome by DFT calculations. Therefore, the electronic structures for these diradical systems with the increase in number of benzene rings were looked upon thoroughly. The properties like increase in number of degenerate or quasi-degenerate molecular orbitals (MOs), the lowering in energy of low-lying excited states and the development of intrinsic radical character of the coupler add to the complexity in evaluation of 2J values for such diradical systems with DFT approach. Consequently, wave function based multi-reference approach (CAASCF/NEVPT2) has been adopted. The active space has been limited to π-orbitals which are found to play an important role in the magnetic exchange interactions. With increase in the coupler size, the active space even with only π obitals would increase enormously which could not be taken into account even in the CASSCF study. The limited active space calculations also indicate quite strong exchange interaction, thus in principle, supporting the DFT observations of long-range magnetic exchange interactions but not an exponential increase in 2J with length of couplers.
FACTORS AFFECTING ON THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATORS' MANAGER CHOICE
Authors: Erdemir Akın , Erdem Ramazan
Published: August 2020

Motivation/Background: The aim of this research to evaluate that Public Perception on the Factors that Affecting Turkish Public Administrators' Manager Choice in Turkey.

Method: Quantitative research method was used in the research and the data obtained from the survey method were analyzed with SPSS (SPSS 16.0 for Windows, SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA).

Results: According to public perception, Turkish public administrators act in a favorable manner in the selection of managers.

Conclusions: According to the result of the research, participants think that the administrators in Turkish public sector mostly pay attention to the criteria for manager choice: relationship and citizenship factors, external influences and political factors and ethnicity and sect factors but they do not take representation and capability factors and merit criteria into account.
SOIL EROSION AS A FUNCTION OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Aliyev Professor RAE. Z.H.
Published: August 2020

The article examines the issues of the possibility of studying erosion and its control. The study proved that the development of soil erosion is based on the forming impact of natural and anthropogenic factors. The degree of potential danger and the possibility of prevention, taking into account the preservation of the environmental situation in the foothills of the Upper Shirvan in the example of the Shamakhi district of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were studied. The main tasks of the study were the determination of the amount and the degree of development of eroded and erosion-prone soils of the foothill zones, carried out on the basis of soil.
Phytochemical Analysis, α-glucosidase Inhibition Activity in-vitro and Enzyme Kinetics of Ethyl Acetate and Hexane Extracts of Graptophylum pictum (L.) Griff
Authors: Nurcholis Waras , Artika I Made , Hami Seno Djarot Sasongko , Andrianto Dimas , Aprianti Apipah , Febrianti Fina , Inawati Inawati , Ratu Antonius Padua , Arendra Arya
Published: August 2020

The species Graptophylum pictum (L.) Griff, also known as “daun ungu” in Indonesia, is a traditional herbaceous plant believed to have antidiabetic potential. The number of people in the world with diabetes has increased dramatically over the recent years. The treatment of type II diabetes is complicated by several factors inherent to the disease. Elevated postprandial hyperglycemia is one of the risk factors and the intestinal digestive enzyme α-glucosidase plays a vital role in carbohydrate metabolism. One of the antidiabetic therapeutic approaches which reduces the postprandial glucose level in blood is by the inhibition of α-glucosidase. In this study, phytochemical analysis, α- glucosidase inhibitory activity and enzyme kinetics of ethyl acetate- and hexane extracts of G. pictum were evaluated with the aim to analyze its antidiabetic potential. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, steroids, and alkaloids. Steroids were present in ethyl acetate extract but absent in hexane extract, while alkaloids were present in hexane extract but absent in ethyl acetate extract. The ethyl acetate and hexane extracts had 30.68 and 49.82 % inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity respectively. The kinetics of glucosidase enzyme of ethyl acetate and hexane extracts were determined by Lineweaver Burk plots. These exhibited uncompetitive and noncompetitive inhibition to alpha-glucosidase activity respectively. From the enzyme assay, we infer that ethyl acetate and hexane extracts of G. pictum contain potential α-glucosidase inhibitors that have the potential to be exploited for use in the treatment of diabetes
Produksi Asam Laktat dan Pola Pertumbuhan Bakteri Asam Laktat dengan Pemberian Dosis Rendah Propolis Trigona spp asal Pandeglang Indonesia
Authors: Hasan Akhmad Endang Zainal , Artika I Made , Abidin Syaeful
Published: August 2020

Propolis is known to have an antimicrobial activity and can prevent various diseases. Propolis consumption is feared to have negative impact on the activity of digestive lactid acid bacteria (LAB). The aim of this research was to examine the effect of propolis on the growth and lactic acid production of three LAB. Ethanol Extraction Propolis (EEP) concentrations examined were control, eep and X propolis 0% (control), 0.2%, 0.6%, 1.0% and X propolis at 0.4% concentration. The parameters analyzed were the growth of bacteria counted with Total Plate Count (TPC) method and lactic acid production using titrable acidity analysis. Propolis at 0,6% concentration stimulated the growth of Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus (LCR, 24.725x108 cell/mL), but inhibited the average lactic acid production (0.071%) lower than control (0,149%). Propolis did not affect the growth of Streptococcus thermophillus (STP), but propolis at 0,6% concentration stimulated lactic acid production (0.182%) higher than control (0.112%). Propolis inhibited the growth of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (LDB), but at 0,2% concentration, its population was still highest (3.775x108 cell/mL) and lactic acid production was stimulated (0.195%) higher than control (0.123%).