bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING SEED AND OIL YIELD OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) BY USING DIFFERENT INTER AND INTRA ROW SPACE COMBINATIONS
Authors: Demir Ismail
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate inter and intra row spacing of sunflower irrigated during the critical growing stages to obtain the highest seed and oil yields. The experiment was carried out with three replications in the randomized blocks with split plots design in 2016 and 2017. Inter row spacings (45 and 70 cm) were placed on the main plots and intra row spacings (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 cm) were placed on the subplots. Bosfora, oilseed hybrid sunflower variety was used as plant material. It has been determined that inter and intra row spaces had statistically significant effects on sunflower development and yield parameters. In general, as the distance between the inter and intra rows narrowed, plant height was increased, while the stem and table diameters, the number of seeds in the table, thousand seed weight, oil rate and per plant yield were decreased. And also seed and oil yield was increased, in contrast to per plant yield, due to the increase in plant number per unit area. Seed and oil yield with 45x25 cm inter and intra row spacings were 59.6% and 52.9% higher as compared to 70x40 cm spacing, respectively. The highest seed and oil yield was obtained from 45x25 cm inter and intra row space under irrigated conditions
INQUISITION OF CARDIOPULMONARY AND KIDNEY LESIONS PRODUCED BY NATURAL PERACUTE AND ACUTE CLOSTRIDIUM TYPE D ENTEROTOXEMIA IN CHINKARA DEER
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Ammun , Qamar Muhammad Rafi
Published: February 2021

This study describes the clinical signs, postmortem lesions and histopathological findings in chinkara deer died during an outbreak of enterotoxaemia. The study included 7 chinkara deer. During the outbreak, 5 chinkara deer died without clinical signs while 2 chinkara deer showed clinical signs before death. Clinical signs including greenish watery diarrhea, chocolate colored urine, herding in a corner with head down, fever, anorexia and opisthotonos. After death of these 7 deer, necropsy performed and observed soft and swollen kidneys, straw color fluid in abdominal cavity, edematous and congested lungs, hydrothorax, hydropericardium, hemorrhages and ballooning of small and large intestine and watery contents in the small intestine. In per-acute cases multifocal petechial hemorrhages on jejunal mucosa and myocardium were frequently observed. The histologic changes were perivascular cuffing in lungs and proteinaceous fluid in alveoli, pulmonary edema and hemorrhagic enteritis. Disruption of renal tubular epithelial cells, necrosis and congestion observed in histopathological section of kidneys. Affected deer was treated with different drugs and supplements but unfortunately prognosis was death. Enterotoxaemia is more fatal in young deer than adult. On the basis of this study we found that enterotoxaemia clinical signs, postmortem lesions and histopathological changes in deer are same as other animals such as sheep and goats.
GENERAL CHARECTERISTICS OF CHICKPEA PRODUCERS AND THEIR PRODUCTION BEHAVIOURS IN TURKEY
Authors: KAN Arzu , KAN Mustafa
Published: February 2021

Chickpea is an indispensable part of agriculture in Turkey besides being an important part of sustainable farming systems and also being an important food of Turkey. However, due to various reasons such as climate, disease and price policies, there are important decreases in cultivation areas. For this reason, it is one of the products aimed to increase reproduction in Turkish agriculture with the project "Bringing Fallow Lands to Production" initiated in 2018. With the Covid-19 pandemic, it has increased its importance because it is an important source of protein in a balanced diet today, where food security is again important for all countries. This study was prepared with the data obtained as a result of the survey conducted with 633 chickpea producers in 6 provinces (Çorum, Karaman, Kırşehir, Konya, Nevşehir and Yozgat) during the 2019 production season. The number of questionnaires was determined according to the Purposive Sampling Method. The aim of the study is to reveal the general characteristics and production behavior of producers in chickpea production. For this purpose, the producer was divided into 3 clusters by Cluster Analysis. These clusters are Innovative (INV), Traditional-Neutral (T-N) and Traditional-Agriculture (T-A). As a result of the study, it was determined that the producers in the INV cluster experienced less productivity loss, and the producers in the T-A group were the producers with the highest yield loss. It can be said that while economic factors are more effective in production decisions in all three clusters, agricultural knowledge is also effective in IN cluster besides economic factors. Consequently, when it is thought that the number of producers in T-N and T-A cluster are more than the other cluster (INV) in Turkey, the production market measures are the most important factors impressing to take decisions of producers in chickpea production. However, as in the INV cluster, the participation of producers in more production will pave the way for a conscious production. This situation will contribute to the development of circular economy in agriculture as well as for sustainable agriculture systems
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF Moringa oleifera LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST FOOD BORNE PATHOGENS
Authors: Shaukat Asma , Mahmood M. Shahid
Published: February 2021

Foodborne pathogens not only spoil food commodity but also cause health issues. Microbes contaminated food and water causes gastroenteritis and inflammation of the stomach and intestinal lining. Allopathic medicines have been used to treat various diseases caused by food borne pathogens, although these medicines are beneficial, but have their own side effects. To overcome these side effects, Moringa oleifera leaves are used worldwide since ancient times. It is used for various medicinal purposes and look for remedies and health approaches for the side effects caused by synthetic chemicals In this study, the antimicrobial components of M. oleifera was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and their antibacterial effects were investigated against food borne pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Bacillus cereus and Psedomonase aeruginosa by disc diffusion method. Methanolic extract showed zone of inhibition against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa of 9 mm and 8 mm ZOI, respectively. The ethanol extract showed results against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa 12 mm and 9 mm ZOI, respectively. The aqueous extract of plant showed zone of inhibition was E. coli 12mm while S. dysenteriae 9mm. High performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify the antimicrobial components of M. oleifera and the results showed that it contain flavonoids and phenolic compounds
"YAKYN INKAR" IN KYRGYZSTAN: POSSIBILITIES OF RADICALIZATION
Authors:   Kanatbek S. Murzahalilov Research Institute for Islamic Studies, Murzahalilov Kanatbek S.
Published: February 2021

This article observes the activities of the religious movement called “Yakyn Inkar” derived from the Kyrgyz branch of “Tablighi Jamaat” due to conflicts of ideas between these two movements presumably at the beginning of 2015. One part of the article is devoted to the analysis of issues of followers of “Yakyn Inkar” that is not acknowledged by the state institutions, ignores secular laws and criticizes actions of the government. Based on these and other factors, the state authorities of Kyrgyzstan prohibited its activities through the court and consider it as an extremist movement. In conclusion, the author provides recommendations to the Kyrgyz state bodies as well as Muftiyat on identifying effective ways how to regulate the dawaa process.
THE CONCEPT "Εἰρωνεία" IN THE EXEGESIS OF THE PRE-NICENE PERIOD
Authors:   Anastasia A. Medvedeva  St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University, Medvedeva Anastasia A.
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the question of the place of irony in the early Christian exegesis. The analysis of the word usage of the root “ εἰρων -” by considering the contexts of its use is done on the material of the texts of the pre-Nicean period. 19 cases of the use of this root by the pre-Nicene authors. 10 of them relate to the rhetorical work of Hermogenes of Tarsus, and the remaining 9 fragments belong to reputable Christian authors and texts: Ignatius of Antioch, Origen of Alexandria, Gregory Thaumaturgus, Justin Martyr and works of the the pseudo-Justin corpus. 6 of 9 cases of the use of the root “ εἰρων- ” present the interpretation of biblical texts. This fact shows that the ancient authors did not avoid the use of this word in the biblical exegesis. Based on the analysis of the contexts of the use of the named root, seven positions of its possible meanings are identified. Some of these positions are close to the traditional for antiquity understanding of irony as pretense or ridicule; twice the contexts allow us to judge the convergence of the meaning of the root “ εἰρων- ” with the Socratic irony...
CULT OF A SACRED TREE IN TRADITIONAL TRADE CEREMONIALISM OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF PRIAMURYE AND PRIMORYE
Authors:   Anatolii F. Startcev The Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnology, Startcev Anatolii F.
Published: February 2021

The article considers the role of a sacred tree in the cultures of Tungus-Manchu ethnoses of Priamurye and Primorye. In the culture of the peoples of the Lower Amur and Primorye the sacred tree is known under the names tun (Udege), tuigu (Nanais), tu (Orochs), toiga , toro , turuu (Negidals). The similar tree named toro is found among the Koreans as well. There are 2 types of sacred trees: shamanistic and patrimonial ones. A shaman’s tree can only be a larch, not strict and harmonious, but with unusual double or triple trunk. The shaman looks for such tree for years. Sometimes it is found tens of kilometers from the settlement. The shaman cuts down the found tree leaving the thickest and clumsy branches. Men of the settlement bring the tree to the village and set it to that place which the shaman pointed to. The sacred patrimonial tree grows in the wood near the settlement. As a rule, it has unusual crown of two or three grasps thick. A triangular notch is made on the tree meter from the butt, which is called piukhe ...
Deradicalization of Islamism: Case of Yemen
Authors: Khayrullin T. R.
Published: February 2021

The ongoing armed conﬂict in Yemen between the forces of ousted President M. Hadi, supported by the coalition units of the Gulf monarchies led by Saudi Arabia and the Houthi group Ansar Allah, has a destabilizing effect on the entire Arabian Peninsula as a whole. In this regard, the creation of a deradicalization program and its implementation will help to solve several main tasks. First, to change the worldview of members of Islamist groups and movements from radical to moderate. Secondly, it will signiﬁcantly reduce the level of instability in the Middle East region, where the majority of armed conﬂicts is conducted under religious slogans. The main focus of this study is on measures to counter radical Islamism, which were taken by the Yemeni authorities before and after the events of the Arab Spring. At the initial stage, the Yemeni administration’s use of the de-radicalization program showed impressive results. However, the ongoing ﬁghting, as well as the reluctance of the Yemeni elite to Fund the deradicalization programme, led to its closure. The subsequent events of the Arab Spring brought additional instability to the domestic political situation in Yemen. Attempts to revive the program of deradicalization by the new Yemeni administration have failed. In general, the work done by the Yemeni authorities to deradicalize Islamism has demonstrated the ability to use non-violent methods of struggle, but their use is associated with serious ﬁnancial investments, which the Yemeni state is not yet able to make due to the difﬁcult ﬁnancial situation caused by the prolonged armed conﬂict.
The Muslim Community of Republic of Tatarstan in 2020
Authors: Khabutdinov A. Yu.
Published: February 2021

This article is devoted to the development of the Muslim community of the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) in 2020. By this paper the author continues the series of publications that explore the Muslim community of Tatarstan in the 2000s and 2010s. The article concludes that stability in the religious sphere is generally maintained in the Republic of Tatarstan. Muslim spiritual boards of different regions of Russia do not coordinate their activity in general, therefore, their points of view become closer to those of local authorities. The same could be said about the Muslim Spiritual Administration of the Republic of Tatarstan. In the Republic of Tatarstan, as well as in other republics within the Russian Federation, the role of Islam in spiritual, educational and cultural aspects has to grow due to the loss of status of national values in secondary education. However, the number of students in the native language courses at the Muslim Spiritual Administration of the Republic of Tatarstan at the beginning of the 2020 academic year is approximately equal to the number of students of only one secondary school.

The authorities of the Republic of Tatarstan continue to ﬁnd out activities of extremist organizations prohibited by the Russian law. Law enforcement agencies are actively ﬁghting them; it leads to the elimination of their groups in the Republic of Tatarstan, arrests, and sentencing to imprisonment.
Advertising Effectiveness in Purchasing Decision on Instagram
Authors: Wulandari Luh Putu Ayu , Darma Gede Sri
Published: February 2021

The aim of this research is to observe the impact of advertising creativity, advertising appeal and endorser credibility to the advertising effectiveness and purchase decision on Instagram. This research was conducted in Ilsproject Store. It is an online and offline store in Denpasar which sells fashion product. The design of this research is a quantitative research which shows a causality relationship between variables. The technique of collecting data was done using questionnaire to 168 consumers. The technique of analyzing data was done using structural equation modeling (SEM) with the AMOS program version 22. The result of this research shows that the advertising creativity has a positive and significant impact of 0,783 to the advertising effectiveness and 0,203 to the purchase decision. The advertising appeal has a positive and significant impact of 0,783 to the advertising effectiveness and 0,648 to the purchase decision. The endorser credibility has a positive and significant impact of 0,803 to the advertising effectiveness and 0,656 to the purchase decision. The advertising effectiveness has a positive and significant impact to the purchase decision with the number 0,831.
Teaching Skin Cancer Detection to Medical Students Using a Dermoscopic Algorithm
Authors: Cyr Peggy R. , Craig Wendy , Ahrns Hadjh , Stevens Kathryn , Wight Caroline , Seiverling Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Early detection of melanoma skin cancer improves survival rates. Training family physicians in dermoscopy with the triage amalgamated dermoscopic algorithm (TADA) has high sensitivity and specificity for identifying malignant skin neoplasms. In this study we evaluated the effectiveness of TADA training among medical students, compared with practicing clinicians.
Methods: We incorporated the TADA framework into 90-minute workshops that taught dermoscopy to family physicians, primary care residents, and first- and second-year medical students. The workshop reviewed the clinical and dermoscopic features of benign and malignant skin lesions and included a hands-on interactive session using a dermatoscope. All participants took a 30-image pretest and a different 30-image posttest.
Results: Forty-six attending physicians, 25 residents, and 48 medical students participated in the workshop. Mean pretest scores were 20.1, 20.3, and 15.8 for attending physicians, resident physicians and students, respectively (P<.001); mean posttest scores were 24.5, 25.9, and 24.1, respectively (P=.11). Pre/posttest score differences were significant (P<.001) for all groups. The medical students showed the most gain in their pretest and posttest scores.
Conclusion: After short dermoscopy workshop, medical students perform as well as trained physicians in identifying images of malignant skin lesions. Dermoscopy training may be a valuable addition to the medical school curriculum as this skill can be used by primary care physicians as well as multiple specialists including dermatologists, gynecologists, otolaryngologists, plastic surgeons, and ophthalmologists, who often encounter patients with concerning skin lesions.
Ecological network analysis assesses the restoration success of disturbed mining soil in China
Authors: Ma Jing , Ollauri Alejandro Gonzalez , Zhang Qi , Xiao Dong , Chen Fu
Published: February 2021

Understanding the interactions among soil microbial species and how they
respond to land reclamation is essential to evaluate the success of
ecological restoration actions in disturbed mining soil. In this study,
we strived to reveal the interactions among soil bacterial communities
along the reclamation timeline of a coal mine in Zoucheng, China. To do
so, we investigated changes in the composition of soil bacterial over
time and constructed molecular ecological networks (i.e. microbial
network) following mining soil reclamation into agricultural land. The
relationships between microbial networks and selected soil attributes
(i.e. soil pH, electric conductivity, organic matter, soil nutrients and
enzymatic activities) were also analyzed. The results showed that the
composition of soil bacteria changed significantly along the reclamation
timeline. The microbial network profile revealed that Acidobacteria,
Planctomycetes and Proteobacteria were the key microbial populations.
Soil pH, soil organic matter content, soil dehydrogenase and urease
activities were significantly correlated (0.001 ≤ P < 0.05)
with the microbial network structure, suggesting that the microbial
networks found influenced the provision of relevant soil ecological
functions after reclamation. The variation in complexity of the
microbial networks along the reclamation timeline revealed that
microbial development was promoted by the shift in land use from mining
into agriculture. Overall, our findings shed light on how soil microbial
communities and networks change following mine reclamation into
agricultural land. The results presented herein will undoubtedly aid in
the establishment of success indicators of ecological restoration
activities in disturbed mining soil.
Improving WRF-Hydro Runoff Predictions of Heavy Floods Through Higher Spatio-Temporal Sea Surface Temperature Products
Authors: Kilicarslan Berina , yucel ismail , Pilatin Heves , Duzenli Eren , Yılmaz Mustafa
Published: February 2021

In this study, the impact of spatio-temporal accuracy of four different
sea surface temperature (SST) datasets on the accuracy of the Weather
Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Hydro system to simulate hydrological
response during two catastrophic flood events over Eastern Black Sea
(EBS) and Mediterranean (MED) regions of Turkey is investigated. Three
time-varying and high spatial resolution external SST products (GHRSST,
Medspiration, and NCEP-SST) and one coarse-resolution and invariable SST
product (ERA5- and GFS-SST for EBS and MED regions, respectively)
already embedded in the initial and boundary condition dataset of WRF
model are used in deriving near-surface weather variables through WRF.
After the proper event-based calibration performed to the WRF-Hydro
using hourly and daily streamflow data of small catchments in both
regions, uncoupled model simulations for independent SST events are
conducted to assess the impact of SST-triggered precipitation on
simulated extreme runoff. Some localized and temporal differences in the
occurrence of the flood events with respect to observations depending on
the SST representation are noticeable. SST products represented with
higher temporal and spatial correlation revealed significant improvement
in flood hydrographs for both regions. The higher spatial and temporal
correlations of GHRSST dataset show RMSE reduction up to 20% and
increase in correlation from 0.3 to 0.8 with respect to the invariable
SST (ERA5) in simulated runoffs over the EBS region. The error reduction
with GHRSST reached 35% after the calibration of hydrological model
parameters compared to not calibrated model. The use of both GHRSST and
Medspiration SST data characterized with high spatiotemporal correlation
resulted in runoff simulations exactly matching the observed runoff peak
of 300 m3/s by reducing the overestimation seen in not calibrated runs
over the MED region.
The identification of ketotifen as a novel cardioprotective agent in patients undergoing anthracyclines chemotherapy
Authors: elewa hosny , elberay Naser , Keshk Walaa , Abulkhair Hamada
Published: February 2021

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the possible
cardioprotective effects of ketotifen and to assess its activity as an
iron-chelating agent in patients receiving anthracyclines for the
treatment of breast cancer. Patients & Methods: This was a randomized,
prospective, controlled clinical trial. One hundred eleven eligible
patients with breast cancer (age range, 30-60 years) were scheduled to
receive anthracyclines chemotherapy. The patients were divided into two
groups: Patients (n = 56) assigned to the ketotifen group received
ketotifen 1 mg three times daily for six consecutive cycles of
treatment, and patients assigned to the control group (n = 55) without
ketotifen treatment. The echocardiogram for each patient was recorded
two times at baseline and the end of the study. As well, blood samples
were collected from all patients. Results: The findings showed a
statistically significant reduction in the mean serum levels of common
cardiotoxicity accompanied biomarkers in the ketotifen group compared
with the control group (P ≤ 0.05). The mean serum levels of total
iron-binding capacity were significantly elevated in the ketotifen group
(P ≤ 0.001). There was a direct correlation between the mean serum
levels of iron and that of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (r = + 0.79). On
the other hand, there were indirect correlations between mean serum
levels of LDH and both the percentage of ejection fraction and the total
iron-binding capacity (r = - 0.69 and -0.697, respectively). Conclusion:
Oral administration of ketotifen appears to be efficient and safe as a
novel cardioprotective agent for the prevention of anthracyclines
induced cardiotoxicity. Additionally, ketotifen suggested a beneficial
effect in iron overload inducing diseases such as COVID-19.
A refined bound for the Z1-spectral radius of tensors
Authors: Liu Yajun , Li Chaoqian , Li Yaotang
Published: February 2021

A refined upper bound for the Z1-spectral radius of tensors is given, which
needs less computations than that presented by Wang et al. in [Applied
Mathematics and Computation, 329 (2018) 266-277]. Numerical experiments
involving Uniform distribution, Gaussian distribution, Poisson distribution
and Binomial distribution are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed
bound
Dynamics of weighted translations generated by group actions
Authors: Chen Chung-Chuan , Tabatabaie Seyyed , Mohammadi Ali
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we consider actions of locally compact groups on measure
spaces, and give a sufficient and necessary condition for weighted
translations on such spaces to be chaotic. Moreover, some dynamical
properties for certain cosine operator functions, generated by translations,
are proved as well.
Pengaruh Molaritas dalam Teknik Spray terhadap Performa Fotodetektor Berbasis ZnO
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Tri Maryana Okky Fajar , Fitri Anisa ,   Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Anrokhi Mohamad Samsul ,   Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Sipatuhar Wahyu Solafide ,   Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Nurfani Eka ,   Institut Teknologi Sumatera
Published: February 2021

ZnO:Fe thin films has been successfully carried out by a simple spray pyrolysis method. The thin film was grown on ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) substrate with a metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) structure. ZnO:Fe thin film characters as photodetector application include morphological structure, and electrical properties. SEM image results show the molarity difference can affect the particle size. The Current-Voltage (I-V) characterization shows that different solvent effects and molarity give different sensitivity. Sample ZnO:Fe 0.5M Ethanol has the highest sensitivity compared to other samples because it has a fairly low current and high bright current.
Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi NaOH Optimum pada Pembuatan Nanosilika dari Batu Apung
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Ulfa Zahra Maria , Manurung Posman ,   Universitas Lampung, Karo Karo Pulung ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: February 2021

Technological advances in the field of nanomaterials have made several silica processing industries start producing silica nanoparticles so that the search for new sources capable of producing silica has been in great demand. One of the mineral resources that has the potential to be developed is silica (SiO2). Pumice is an amorphous porous volcanic rock consisting of silica. In this study, nanosilica was made from pumice stone by extracting it using NaOH solution at various concentrations of 2.5 M, 2.7 M, 2.9 M, 3.1 M and 3.3 M to observe its effect on the amount and chemical composition of nanosilica powder. resulting, the nanosilica phase formed and the size of the nanosilica. This silica extraction is made by sol-gel method using reflux. Silica gel formation was carried out using 5M H2SO4 and the refining process of silica powder using 1.25 M HCl then calcined at 800oC for 6 hours and characterized by XRF, XRD, TEM and FTIR. The results obtained in this study indicate the effect of NaOH concentration on the amount of powder produced, which increases with the increase in the concentration of NaOH used. The SiO2 composition of all samples showed optimum results in samples with a concentration of 2.7 M NaOH, namely 97.1% which also had SiO-Si and Si-OH bonds, had an amorphous phase and the mean particle size was (11.9 ± 2). , 6) nm.
Pengukuran Dosis Eksternal Yang Diterima Oleh Mahasiswa Praktikum Teknik Radiografi di Laboratorium Radiologi Universitas Baiturrahmah Padang
Authors:   Universitas Baiturrahmah, Dasril Dila Nelvo , Sari Oktavia Puspita ,   Universitas Baiturrahmah
Published: February 2021

The utilization of ionizing radiation in the form of X-rays in addition to providing benefits to the medical world also has the potential to have a detrimental effect on workers, patients and, society. Radiation protection is a very important aspect of controlling this adverse effect. Every utilization of ionizing radiation must have endeavored so that the reception of radiation doses by radiation workers is always as low as possible so that the prescribed dose limit (NBD) value is not exceeded. NBD for apprentices and students who are as low as 18 years old, who are carrying out training or practical work, or who because of their educational needs are forced to use a source of ionizing radiation, the same as the NBD that applies to radiation workers. Dose limit values for radiation workers must not exceed 20 mSv (twenty millisieverts) per year on average for five consecutive years. Determination of the external radiation dose received by practicum students at the Baiturrahmah University Radiology Laboratory aims to calculate how much the external radiation dose received by students during carrying out one course. Based on the results of the study found that the measurement of external radiation dose received by the student is 0 or there is no scattering radiation received by students, this is because at the time of exposure they are in the correct position that is behind the control panel wall that has been coated with Lead (Pb).
Analisa Angin Zonal dan Meridional Dalam Menentukan Awal Musim Hujan di Kota Jambi
Authors:   Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika, Simanjuntak Presli Panusunan , Safril Agus ,   Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika
Published: February 2021

In Indonesia, prediction models for the beginning of the rainy season have not developed intensively. Jambi City is the capital of Jambi Province as it has quite extensive rainfed gardens / fields and rice fields and contributes significantly to the economy of Jambi Province. Jambi City really needs an accurate prediction of the start of the rainy season to support the economic continuity through agriculture and plantations. This study aims to analyze the zonal and meridional wind components in the 1000 mb layer in determining the start of the rainy season in the city of Jambi. The prediction of the beginning of the season using zonal and meridional winds will be divided into 2 conditions, namely when the normal conditions of monthly rainfall in 1997-2017 and when the El Nino conditions are strong in 1997/1998 and 2015/2016. Based on data processing for 1997-2017, it shows that the beginning of the rainy season is December when the zonal wind speed is highest. In this study, the zonal wind component is more dominant than the meridional wind component in determining the start of the rainy season. However, when conditions are el nino, the zonal wind component is not good to become
Karakteristik Termal dan Fungsionalitas Komposit Silika Sekam Padi dengan Aspal
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Ardaniswari Deafani Wahyu , Josalina Josalina ,   Universitas Lampung, Haritsah Hana ,   Universitas Lampung, Sembiring Simon ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: February 2021

This research was carried out to investigate the effect of asphalt addition to thermal characteristics, functional groups, physical properties (water absorption, water content, and swelling thickness) of rice husk silica. The mass ratio of silica and asphalt alloys were 1:0; 1:0,4; 1:0,5; and 1:0,6. Silica and asphalt were mixed at 160˚C followed by calcination at 150˚C for 3 hours. Thermal characteristics and phase structures were analyzed using Differential Thermal Analysis/Thermo Gravimetrical Analysis (DTA/TGA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). DTA/TGA analysis results show that the addition of asphalt causes a decreasing in mass, on set temperature, maximum temperature, endothermic temperature And an increase in exothermic peak temperature. The results of XRD analysis showed that the addition of asphalt resulted in the appearance of amorphous carbon, shifting the range and the highest intensity of 2θ amorphous silica. The results of FTIR analysis showed that the addition of asphalt resulted in appearance the functional grups of C-H. The addition of asphalt causes a decrease in the value of water absorption, water content, and swelling thickness.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Kulit Buah Maja Sebagai Inhibitor pada Baja Karbon Aisi 1020 dalam Medium Korosif Nacl 3% dengan Variasi Waktu Perendaman
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Nurhayati Ismi , Karo Pulung Karo ,   Universitas Lampung, Syafriadi Syafriadi ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: February 2021

Research has been conducted on the effectiveness of maja fruit skin extract as an inhibitor of carbon steel AISI 1020 in a corrosive medium NaCl 3% with variations in immersion time. The samples carbon steel AISI 1020 were immersed in corrosive medium NaCl 3% without being given and given the inhibitor of maja skin extract with a concentration of 0.8% for 5, 15, 25, 35, and 45 days. Calculation of reduction in corrosion rate is carried out by the method of weight loss. The results showed that the addition of the maja fruit skin extract inhibitor was effective in reducing the corrosion rate of the sample with the greatest efficiency at 35 days immersion, which was equal to 72.35%. The results of XRD characterization show that the phase formed is pure Fe and Fe3O4 phase which is a corrosion product is immersed without inhibitor. The results of SEM characterization showed that the microstructure of the surface of the sample after immersion was there were cracks, holes, and lumps which indicated that the sample had been corroded. The results of EDS characterization show that in the soaked sample there were corrosion products in the form of FeO compounds whose magnitude increased every time immersion.
Prediksi Curah Hujan Bulanan Di Wilayah Lombok Barat Menggunakan Principal Component Regression (PCR)
Authors:   BMKG, Pratiwi Anggitya , Taruna Rian Mahendra ,   BMKG, Agustiarini Suci ,   BMKG, Wibowo Dewo Sulistio Adi ,   BMKG
Published: February 2021

Rainfall is a significant climate parameter in various sectoral of human activities. Despite that, precise rainfall prediction is necessary. One factor which can affect the rainfall is Sea Surface Temperature. We used Sea Surface Temperature data in Indonesia limited by 14° LS - 10° LU and 90° BT - 142° BT to predict monthly rainfall in West Lombok. The method used in this study is Principal Component Regression. Regression is calculated using 1998-2013 data, with Principal Component Analysis result of Indonesian Sea Surface Temperature as the predictor. Validation using contingency table for 2014-2018 rainfall characteristic data in West Lombok showed that rainfall prediction is appropriate with the rainfall pattern observation data.
Rancang Bangun Alat Pengukur Suhu Real Time Laboratorium Menggunakan Protokol MQTT Berbasis Internet of Things
Authors:   UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, Wardhana Indrawata , Isnaini Vandri Ahmad ,   UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, Wirman Rahmi Putri ,   UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, Syafitri Rita ,   UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, Nasuha Akhmad ,   UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi
Published: February 2021

The stable temperature in the laboratories is the major requirement for ensuring safety at work. The changes in the temperature which are oftentimes caused by precisely unrecognized factor may provide hazardous impacts on humans who are working in such place. Similar researches were conducted; however, they did not use NodeMCU as a microcontroller and MQTT protocol. This study tried to build a real-time temperature observation system using MQTT protocol based on the Internet of Things which has a fast delivery speed message. The temperature and humidity were captured by using DHT22 sensor that were then stored in database for one month. The result showed that the temperature change of the laboratory could be rapidly detected through the tests process on a certain heat-produced device. It could be analyzed periodically using the real-time application so that the impact of temperature rise could be detected quickly.
Pengaruh waktu milling terhadap Sifat mikro struktur dan magnet dari NdFeB dengan proses Wet dan Dry milling
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Sipahutar Wahyu Solafide , William William ,   National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Muljadi Muljadi ,   Lembaga Ilmu Pengatahuan Indonesia
Published: February 2021

Making of magnets from NdFeB flakes by Wet and dry milling to determine the microstructure, physical and magnetic properties of the milling time variation is 16, 24, and 48 hours. The milling powder is then analysed to determine the particle size with PSA and XRD to determine the phase formed. Then the compacting process with isotropy printing for making pellet test samples with a pressure of 7 tons for 2 minutes. Then the pellet sample, given annealing temperature with a variation of 150 and 170 ̊C, then a measurement of magnetic properties with a Gauss Meter. The results obtained by the smallest optimum particle size with 48 hours of milling time at a diameter of 90% 4.7 μm, while the results of dry milling at a diameter of 90% amounted to 60.85 μm. The best method to get the smallest particle size is the Wet milling method. XRD results with Wet and Dry milling phases that appear only Nd2Fe14B phase. As milling time increases, the resulting density increases. The largest magnetic flux testing with dry milling method with 48 hours of milling time for temperatures 170 ̊C temperature obtained 468.5 Gauss and the addition of annealing temperature the magnetic properties of the material is getting better.
Porous Si (111) Fabrication Using Electrochemical Anodization: Effects of Electrode Distance and Current Density
Authors:   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Suryana Risa , Bogas Fauzi Ahmad ,   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Triyana Kuwat ,   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Khairurrijal Khairurrijal ,   Institut Teknologi Bandung, Susanto Heru ,   Universitas Diponegoro
Published: February 2021

Porous silicon (PSi) has developed for many applications such as gas and humidity sensors. Various methods are available to fabricate PSi, and electrochemical anodization is common due to low cost and easy use. Current density, etching/anodization time, type of etching solution, and electrode distance are the parameters determining resulting pores. The substrate used n-type silicon wafer with (111)-orientation and resistivity of 1.5-4.5 Ω.cm with a size of 1.5×1 cm2. The cleaning process of the samples employed the RCA cleaning procedure. Conductive contacts required for the electrochemical anodization were aluminum on the samples. The electrodes were the Si sample acting as anode and platinum (Pt) electrode as a cathode. The etching solution using a mixture of HF (40%) and ethanol (99%) with a 1:1 ratio. The electrode distance was 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 cm. The current density for each electrode distance was 10, 30, and 50 mA/cm2 with an anodization time of 30 min. SEM and UV-Vis characterizations were applied to obtain surface morphology and reflectance, respectively. For all samples, the reflectance of PSi was lower than the reflectance of the original silicon surface (no pores). This condition indicates that the PSi is suitable as an anti-reflective layer in a solar cell. However, the PSi of reflectance curves has irregular shapes as a function of wavelength for different electrode distance and the current density. The SEM images confirmed that the pores formed on the silicon surface were inhomogeneous. The pore size decreased with the increase of the electrode distance while it increased as the increase of the current density. There was a correlation between pores size and reflectance at specific wavelength numbers.
The Effect of Substrate Pre-treatment on Hydroxy-apatite Coated Titanium Alloy by High-velocity Oxy-fuel Process
Authors: Ramdan Raden Dadan , Prawara Budi , Suratman Rochim , Marta Ferdian , Rinaldi Ali
Published: February 2021

In order to fully meet bio-compatibility requirement of titanium alloy as implant material, coating with hydroxyapatite (HA) is normally applied. The present research concerns on the effect of substrate pre-treatment on the coating of HA on titanium alloy by high-velocity oxy fuel process (HVOF). Before the coating, all samples were pre-treated by thermo-mechanical treatment in order to obtain fine grain structure. Three type of substrate pre-treatment is then applied on different substrates, including, sand-blasting, sand-blasting+etching, and sand-blasting+etching+CNT intermediate layer. After coating, post-annealing treatment was applied on each sample and characterization was performed on the sample after the treatment. It was obtained that the sand-blasted sample has relatively rougher surface (SEM observation), lower degree of crystallinity (XRD characterization) and higher residual strain (XRD data calculation by Mud Master software) as compared with other samples. From FTIR characterization it can be obtained that all samples show no differences in orbital function.
Sintesis Zeolit A Dari Coal Bottom Ash Dengan Metode Step Change Of Synthesis Temperature Dengan Variasi Suhu Kalsinasi Diaplikasikan Untuk Dehidrasi Etanol
Authors: Ginting Simparmin Br. , Nurfiqih M. Yassien
Published: February 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pembuatan zeolit A yang diaplikasikan untuk dehidrasi etanol dengan menggunakan metode step change of synthesis temperature dengan temperatur awal 90oC selama 1,5 jam kemudian dinaikkan menjadi 95oC selama 2,5 jam. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah coal bottom ash PLTU Tarahan Lampung Selatan, yang dikalsinasi pada suhu yang bervariasi yaitu 500oC, 600oC, 700oC dan 800oC. Tahapan yang dilakukan adalah kalsinasi, sintesis dan adsorpsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan zeolit A sintesis dari variasi suhu kalsinasi agar didapatkan persen kristalinitas yang tinggi yang diharapkan dapat menyerap air dalam campuran etanol dengan optimal, sehingga etanol memiliki kemurnian >99% (Fuel Grade Ethanol). Karaktersiasi zeolit A sintesis menggunakan difraktometer sinar-x (XRD), spektrometer inframerah (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) dan brunnaur, emmet dan teller (BET). Berdasarkan analisis XRD  didapatkan persen kristalinitas tertinggi pada variasi suhu kalsinasi 500˚C yaitu sebesar 34,79 %, hasil analisis FTIR menunjukkan telah terbentuk produk Zeolit A yang ditandai dengan adanya karakteristik Zeolit A pada bilangan gelombang 950-1250cm-1, 650-750cm-1, 500-650cm-1,  420-500cm-1 dan 300-400cm-1, hasil analisis SEM menunjukkan semua variasi suhu kalsinasi terlihat bahwa bentuk partikel didominasi bentuk kubus, berdasarkan analisis BET diketahui Zeolit A berukuran mesopori yang memiliki kisaran diameter 2-50 nm.
Distribusi Ukuran Droplet Bahan Bakar Minyak Jelantah Sepanjang Region Semburan Nosel Seberhana
Authors: Wirawan I K.G. , Ghurri Ainul , Septiadi W. N.
Published: February 2021

Biodiesel adalah bahan bakar ramah lingkungan karena merupakan sumber energi bersih dan terbarukan. Pemakaian minyak jelantah (waste cooking oil / WCO) sebagai bahan baku biodiesel terus meningkat karena ketersediannya berlimpah, aman untuk disimpan, dan mudah ditangani. Semburan bahan bakar digunakan dalam proses pembakaran untuk tujuan mendapatkan energi dan tenaga. Viskositas rendah dan tekanan injeksi tinggi akan dihasilkan diameter droplet kecil, sudut kerucut semburan besar dan pembentukan mendekati campuran homogen selama pembakaran. Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tekanan injeksi dan temperatur pemanasan awal dengan terhadap karakteristik daerah semburan droplet. Minyak jelantah sebagai bahan penelitian diambil dari hotel dan restauran yang ada di Bali. Minyak ini dikumpulkan oleh Yayasan Lengis Hijau. Percobaan diawali dengan memasukkan minyak jelantah ke tabung melalui fuel intake. Udara bertekanan diinjeksikan ke dalam tabung. Katup dibuka pelan-pelan sehingga minyak jelantah mengalir melalui pipe line menuju pemanas awal berbetuk spiral pada temperatur 350oC dan tekanan 3 bar. Selanjutnya minyak jelantah mengalir menuju main body dan menyembur di ujung nosel Semburan WCO ini ditangkap menggunakan kamera. .Percobaan ini diulang dengan tekanan dan temperatur masing-masing 4, 5 bar dan 360,370,380, 390oC. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah jarak semburan nosel semakin jauh, maka ukuran rata-rata droplet yang didapat semakin kecil. Kenaikan tekanan menyebabkan penurunan ukuran rata-rata droplet. Ukuran rata-rata droplet minimal didapat masing-masing pada temperatur 360oC dan tekanan 5 bar.
Analisis Tegangan Pada Mata Pahat Dalam Proses Pemesinan Bubut Menggunakan Software Autodesk Inventor 2016
Authors: Thamrin Ismail , Astuti Astuti , Ellyanie Ellyanie , Meizan Twista Herbian Al Fiqhi
Published: February 2021

Pada proses bubut, seluruh energi yang digunakan untuk pembentukan geram diubah menjadi kalor. Hal ini menyebabkan  suhu pada zona pemotongan akan meningkat. Kalor yang dibangkitkan selama proses pemesinan bergantung terutama pada jenis pahat, material benda kerja, dan parameter proses seperti kecepatan potong, kedalaman potong dan gerak makan.  Temperatur tinggi yang terdistribusi dengan baik selama proses pembubutan, memiliki pengaruh yang penting terhadap tegangan pada mata pahat. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukan analisa pengaruh sudut geram terhadap tegangan pada proses pembubutan titanium dengan cara mengkomparasi hasil teoritis dan simulasi menggunakan Autodesk Inventor 2016.Pada penelitian ini, gaya pemotongan yang digunakan adalah pemotongan orthogonal. Variasi sudut utama pemotongan  yang digunakan 5°, 10° dan 15°. Berdasarkan dari  perhitungan secara teoritis,  gaya potong maksimum (Fc) yaitu 1720 N untuk sudut geram (γ) 50, dan terjadi penurunan gaya potong setiap kenaikan sudut geram (γ).  Dari hasil simulasi yang dilakukan, tegangan maksimum terjadi pada sudut potong 15°, sebesar 1368,462 N/mm2 , terjadi kenaikan tegangan setiap kenaikan sudut geram (γ)
Designing, Modelling and Analysis of The Edge Geometry of Linear Lathe Tool Bit
Authors: Bodzás Sándor , Pálinkás Sándor , Nemes Csaba
Published: February 2021

In this publication, with the help of our modelling software we have designed and modelled the edge geometry of the linear lathe tool in the model space. Our aim has been to develop a program which calculates the appropriate edge geometry with the help of some input length and angle dimensions. This is modelled in a wire frame model in a kind a file format that can be easily opened in the latest CAD softwares – so if some later modifications are needed, that can be done easily on the model. With the help of Finite Element Simulation based on given loads, boundary conditions, technological parameters and material quality, an optimal edge geometry can be determined on the cutting tool for reaching the best cutting ratio.
Kajian Awal Pemantauan Keausan Pahat Potong Berdasarkan Pengukuran Sinyal Arus Motor Listrik Pada Proses Pemesinan Bubut
Authors: Siswanto Siswanto , Burhanuddin Yanuar , Harun Suryadiwansa
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari alternatif metode yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk memantau dan memprediksi keausan pahat secara dini sehingga kontrol kualitas dari produk dapat tetap terjaga dan proses pemesinan menjadi optimal. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keadaan dimana terjadi keausan pahat masih menggunakan cara konvensional yaitu melihat keausan menggunakan mikroskop toolmaker. Tentu cara ini lambat karena harus menghentikan proses untuk mengambil pahat dan melihat keausannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen untuk mendapatkan data hasil penelitian. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap mesin bubut konvensional dengan mengukur arus listrik (I) dan keausan pahat (Vb). Parameter pemesinan yang digunakan adalah kecepatan potong (Vc), gerak makan (f) dan kedalaman potong (a) yang divariasikan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear. Hasil penelitian diperoleh adalah suatu model matematik yang dapat dipakai untuk memprediksi keausan pahat. Dan dari hasil analisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda didapat 2 model matematik. Model yang pertama yaitu I = 3.181 + 0.007Vc + 1.161f + 0.436e1, model ini digunakan untuk memprediksi nilai arus listrik terhadap parameter pemesinan. Model yang kedua yaitu Vb = -1.042 + 0.333I + 0.466e2, model ini digunakan untuk memediasi persamaan model I terhadap keausan pahat.
Effective pile placement method in the pile raft foundation
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Efimov V. O.
Published: February 2021

A new effective placement method for piles in the pile-raft foundation (PRF) is proposed. The method is based on the hypothesis that the flexible PRF can transfer loads to the base like a rigid foundation in order to minimize the non-uniformity of settlements.