bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ensemble Learning Method for Predicting Protein Submitochondrial Localization by Multi-type Feature Fusion
Authors: Ruan Xiaoli , Liu Keli , Yang Jing , Li Shaobo , Su Zhidong
Published: February 2024

Background
The mitochondria exist in most eukaryotic cells and mainly function as energy producer. Different mitochondrial structures have different functional areas. Abnormal mitochondrial structures not only cause diseases but also promote aging. In this regard, accurate prediction of protein submitochondrial locations could enhance the understanding of disease mechanisms and promote drug design. However, current mainstream method mainly adopts single attribute features and barely considers unbalanced samples, so, we introduce a method to resolve these problems and improve prediction accuracy in this work.
Results
We combined diverse types of features that were extracted based on sequence information, evolutionary information, and physicochemical property to enrich feature expression. The integrated class prediction information of each feature description was based on a two-layer support vector machine ensemble model to eliminate the heterogeneity of the feature fusion. Furthermore, resampling method was utilized to settle the unbalanced class. The jackknife test was employed to validate and compare the overall prediction framework with existing methods on M317 and M983 datasets. Independent test was applied on M495 to prove the generalization of the model. Experimental results revealed that the prediction performance for multi-source feature integration was higher than that for homologous feature fusion, and it improved the accuracy of the small class sample and surpassed other methods in terms of overall prediction accuracy. Finally, local software for resampling was built for reader’s convenience.
Conclusions
The results show that our method can not only effectively handle the problem of imbalanced samples, but also has good predictive performance and stability. The datasets and codes can be freely obtained at https://github.com/ruanxiaoli/Ensemble-Learning.
Maintenance treatment with oral anticancer agents after first-line chemotherapy in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Longfei , Huang Yuxin , Zhang Ju
Published: February 2024

Objective: Maintenance therapy following first-line chemotherapy is of particular significance in patients diagnosed with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the impact of maintenance therapy (MT) on the survival prognosis of individuals with recurrent or metastatic NPC.
Methods: The databases Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were thoroughly searched in a comprehensive manner. Prospective studies of MT for recurrent or metastatic NPC are required. Study endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results: Two randomized controlled clinical trials, with a total of 294 participants, were analyzed. The maintenance therapy group consisted of 140 participants, while the remaining participants were in the non-maintenance therapy (non-MT) group. The MT group showed a notable enhancement in PFS compared to the non-MT group, with a hazard ratio(HR) of 0.44 and a 95% Confidence interval [CI] of 0.34-0.58 (p< 0.0001). Overall survival was also significantly improved (HR0.42, 95% CI 0.30-0.58; p<0.0001). The incidence of grade 3 or 4 side effects in the MT group was leukopenia (2.9%), thrombocytopenia (0.7%), and anemia (4.3%), hand-foot syndrome (5.8%), and thrombocytopenia (0.7%). oral mucositis (1.5%), and nausea and vomiting (2.2%).
Conclusions: Maintenance therapy with S-1 (tegafur/gimeracil/oltiracetam) or capecitabine following first-line chemotherapy significantly enhanced OS and PFS in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while exhibiting minimal incidence of grade 3-4 side effects.
Development of a complete automatic weather station for irrigation management via IoT
Authors: Azevedo Angelo Tiago , Coelho Rubens Duarte , Carnervisk Elizabeth , Maciel Ailson , Tabile Rubens Andre
Published: February 2024

Water management in irrigated agriculture, from the perspective of water balance based on meteorological data, demands data collection and transmission systems with high reliability and capacity to represent the physical phenomenon occurring in the agricultural environment. Thus, aiming to manage irrigation using smart devices, this article presents the development of the hardware and software of a complete automatic meteorological station based on IoT, from the calibration of the sensor elements, to the development of the final device, which operates with the routine of reading variables at intervals of 10 seconds, followed by online storage of average and extreme data every 10 minutes, followed by estimation of daily evapotranspiration using the Penmam Monteith method. The device has a user communication interface via a messaging application, through which the current weather condition can be requested remotely and receive daily data collected. The final version had its operation analyzed continuously, for a period of one year, together with a commercial automatic station, where a correlation was found between its estimates (R2) of evapotranspiration of 0.93, together with an average absolute error of 0.30 mm, obtaining an excellent classification in the capacity to estimate evapotranspiration.
Accountability, Transparency, Managerial Attitude and Muzakki’s Trust: A Study on the Zakat Amil Institution of Jogokariyan Mosque, Yogyakarta
Authors: Shafiyyah Nada , Fithria Annisa
Published: February 2024

Trust is an essential aspect to be fostered between muzakki (those who contribute zakat) and zakat amil institutions to optimize zakat collection. Accountability, financial report transparency, and managerial attitude are crucial for zakat amil institutions to enhance muzakki's trust. This research aims to examine the influence of accountability, financial report transparency, and managerial attitude on the level of muzakki's trust in the Zakat Amil Institution of Jogokariyan Mosque, Yogyakarta. This study utilized nonprobability sampling with an incidental sampling approach. The data used were primary data collected through questionnaires distributed to 60 respondents who are muzakki contributing zakat to the Zakat Amil Institution of Jogokariyan Mosque, Yogyakarta. The results of the research indicate that accountability, financial report transparency, and managerial attitude have a positive influence on the level of muzakki's trust in the Zakat Amil Institution of Jogokariyan Mosque, Yogyakarta
Strategies of Lexical Semantization by Foreign Students: Experimental Study of Metalinguistic Activity
Authors: Satuchina Tatyana Yu.
Published: February 2024

Foreign students demonstrate different strategies in interpreting lexical meaning as they struggle to explain new words. This article introduces predominant and secondary semantization strategies in students of Russian as a foreign language. The predominant definition strategy was represented by different models in everyday practice of lexical semantization. Interpretations developed according to two models: 1) denotation and verbally-logical differential characteristics; 2) denotation and visually-efficient differential characteristics. The research hypothesis presupposes a certain correlation between the level of Russian vocabulary acquisition and the default semantization strategy. The research objective was to describe predominant and secondary semantization strategies using general and specific scientific methods. The linguistic experiment involved specific vocabulary of the Russian language, i.e., lexemes house, book, ring, table, and lantern. The results could be used in teaching Russian as a foreign language, as well as to expand the boundaries of research in the ways of foreign vocabulary acquisition.
Reality Framing in Russian, English, and Chinese Phraseological Units with Flowers
Authors: Bulgakova Olga A. , Pepelova Lyubov F.
Published: February 2024

Floriography is part of many cultures and provides an effective characterization means for a particular linguistic culture. The frame analysis method is a popular tool in phraseology, but it has never been applied to phraseological units with the flowers component. The study examined phraseological units with the flowers component in Russian, English, and Chinese in order to define their role in the corresponding linguistic worldviews. The frame organization analysis made it possible to identify the way these languages categorize reality. Phraseological units with flowers are more typical of Chinese and English; they are less typical of the Russian linguistic culture as a result of the harsh climatic conditions and the farming traditions. In this research, the frame analysis hinted at similar cognitive processes in all the three linguistic cultures, which was manifested as common subframes at all levels. The main subframes included characteristics of the subject, action aimed at the subject, qualitative assessment of reality, and evaluative characteristics of the action. In addition, flower names described different human qualities, characterized an ongoing event, and evaluated actions performed by the subject. Differences were registered at the slot level as a partially overlapping list of qualities, assessments, characteristics, and actions, which reflected the specifics of each national worldview. The results can facilitate intercultural communication for Russian, English, and Chinese speakers.
Safety Profile of Paxlovid in the Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Lv Bing , Gao Xin , Zeng Guoqiang , Guo Hui , Li Faping
Published: February 2024

Background:

With the urgent and widespread application of Paxlovid, a novel antiviral drug for
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in clinical practice, concerns regarding its actual efficacy and safety
have emerged. In order to provide more evidence to support its clinical application, we sought to perform a descriptive
analysis of cases who experienced at least one Paxlovid-related adverse event (AEs) and reported to
the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) in the post-marketing period.

Methods:

Individual adverse event reports between January 1, 2022 and September 30, 2022, were downloaded
from the FAERS website. We completed a descriptive study about the safety of Paxlovid in the treatment
of COVID-19. Further, we also analyzed the onset time of Paxlovid-related AEs.

Results:

As of 30 September 2022, 16,529 de-duplicated cases were submitted to the FDA, and 5,860
(35.45%) were female. The average age was 58.38 years (S.D. 15.50). Most reports (12,390, 74.96%) were
submitted by consumers and 1,436 (8.68%) concerned serious outcomes. The most frequently reported AEs
were disease recurrence (7,724, 16.23%), dysgeusia (2,877, 6.05%), and diarrhoea (1,448, 3.04%). The median
onset time of Paxlovid-related AEs was 8 days (interquartile range,1-10 days), and most of the cases
(2,629, 19.12%) occurred on the day after Paxlovid initiation.

Conclusion:

This study indicates that the most common AEs reported with Paxlovid in post-marketing experience
are consistent with the safety assessment of antiviral drugs. Even without emerging apparent safety concerns,
the incidence of serious outcomes was unexpectedly high, and a few cases of potential new AEs occurred.
The Potential of Natural Products in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Singhai Harshita , Rathee Sunny , Jain Sanjay K. , Patil Umesh Kumar
Published: February 2024

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world, comprising a
variety of disorders such as hypertension, heart attacks, Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD), dyslipidemias,
strokes, coronary heart disease, and cardiomyopathies. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that
22.2 million people will die from CVD in 2030. Conventional treatments for CVDs are often quite expensive
and also have several side effects. This potentiates the use of medicinal plants, which are still a viable alternative
therapy for a number of diseases, including CVD. Natural products' cardio-protective effects result from
their anti-oxidative, anti-hypercholesterolemia, anti-ischemic, and platelet aggregation-inhibiting properties.
The conventional therapies used to treat CVD have the potential to be explored in light of the recent increase
in the popularity of natural goods and alternative medicine. Some natural products with potential in the management
of cardiovascular diseases such as Allium sativum L., Ginkgo biloba, Cinchona ledgeriana, Ginseng,
Commiphoramukul Digitalis lanata, Digitalis purpurea L. Murrayakoenigii, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Polygonum
cuspidatum, Fenugreek, Capsicum annum, etc. are discussed in this article.
A Review on Folklore Uses, Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Activities of the Genus Berberis
Authors: Nooreen Zulfa , Rai Awani Kumar , Jaisal Poonam , Sumayya Fariha , Wal Ankita , Siddique Nasir A.
Published: February 2024

Genus berberis, an evergreen shrub of about 500 plant species found in subtropical and temperate regions but only some of them are investigated and evaluated for their phytochemistry and bioactivity. These plants are spread worldwide and help in the nourishment of humans and animals. Almost all parts of the plant are investigated for pharmacological and phytochemical purposes, including, roots, fruits, stems, buds, seeds, branches, flowers, leaves, and whole plant. Rasaut, an extract of either the stem or root of Berberis aristata is mentioned in the ancient Ayurvedic literature of India for treating indolent ulcers and eye disorders, and B. vulgaris is still used to treat malaria in North America. They have many medicinal properties and compounds that are bioactive like berberine. Berberine possesses anticancer, antimicrobial, and other activities. The plants contain a number of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, carotenoids, terpenoids, and other categories of chemical constituents. The alkaloidal compounds are isolated and evaluated for various activities and are found to be active. The researchers are continuously working to get novel exploration regarding the Genus Berberis . Here in the review, traditional and folkloric uses of the genus were also described. Apart from this, they possess numerous activities like anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiulcer, antiviral and, wound healing and many more. These activities were authenticated by in-vitro and in-vivo methods. The aim of this review is to update and systematically arrange information in one platform. In this review, we extracted the current information from Pubmed, Googlescolar, Scifinder and many more databases.
Quercetin Prevents Hypertension in Dahl Salt-sensitive Rats F ed a
High-salt Diet Through Balancing Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase and
Sirtuin 1
Authors: Wu Guanji , Liu Fuqiang , Cui Qing , Zhang Tao , Bao Jianjun , Hao Junjun
Published: February 2024

Background:

A high-salt diet is a leading dietary risk factor for elevated blood pressure
and cardiovascular disease. Quercetin reportedly exhibits cardioprotective and antihypertensive
therapeutic effects.

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of quercetin on high-salt dietinduced
elevated blood pressure in Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats and determine the underlying
molecular mechanism.

Materials and Methods:

Rats of the Dahl SS and control SS-13 BN strains were separated into
five groups, SS-13 BN rats fed a low-salt diet (BL group), SS-13 BN rats fed a high-salt diet
(BH group), Dahl SS rats fed a low-salt diet (SL group), Dahl SS rats fed a high-salt diet (SH
group), and SH rats treated with quercetin (SHQ group). Blood pressure was checked three
weeks into the course of treatment, and biochemical markers in the urine and serum were examined.
Additionally, western blot was done to evaluate the sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and endothelial
nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression levels. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed
to verify SIRT1 levels.

Results:

We demonstrated that a high-salt diet elevated blood pressure in both SS-13 BN and
Dahl SS rats, and quercetin supplementation alleviated the altered blood pressure. Compared
with the SH group, quercetin significantly elevated the protein expression of SIRT1 and eNOS.
Immunohistochemistry results further confirmed that quercetin could improve the protein expression
of SIRT1.

Conclusion:

Quercetin reduced blood pressure by enhancing the expression of SIRT1 and
eNOS in Dahl SS rats fed a high-salt diet.
An Alternative Method for the Selective Synthesis of Ortho-nitro Anilines Using Bismuth Nitrate Pentahydrate
Authors: Loera-Garcia Brenda V. , Leyva-Ramos Socorro , Cardoso-Ortiz Jaime , Noriega Saul , Romo-Mancillas Antonio , Baines Kim M. , McOnei Sarah L.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Nitroaromatic compounds are important scaffolds used for the syn-thesis of a variety of compounds, such as explosives, herbicides, dyes, perfumes and phar-maceuticals. Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate is a widely used reagent in organic synthesis; how-ever, its utility as a nitrating agent for anilines is underexplored.

Objective:

The aim of this work is to propose and find the proper reaction conditions of an alternative nitrating agent constituted by a mixture of bismuth nitrate / acetic anhydride in DCM with a series of substituted anilines under mild reflux.

Methods:

Several anilines having both activating and deactivating substituents in the ortho, meta and para positions were the substrate for the nitration reaction. Experimental conditions were performed in “one-pot” conditions before product purification.

Results:

Bi(NO3)3•5H2O demonstrated to be effective and somehow regioselective when it came to the nitration of anilines in the ortho position. Although other products were also identified under these conditions, in most cases, the ortho derivative was the major or even the only product obtained with moderate to high yields in the range of 50% – 96%.

Conclusion:

Bi(NO3)3•5H2O is an efficient and safe nitrating agent since the use of concen-trated and corrosive acids like sulfuric and nitric is avoided; furthermore, bismuth nitrate is low-priced and no special care nor equipment is required.
Network Subgraph-based Method: Alignment-free Technique for Molecular Network Analysis
Authors: Zaenudin Efendi , Wijaya Ezra B. , Mekala Venugopal Reddy , Ng Ka-Lok
Published: February 2024

Background:

Comparing directed networks using the alignment-free technique offers the
advantage of detecting topologically similar regions that are independent of the network size or
node identity.

Objective:

We propose a novel method to compare directed networks by decomposing the network
into small modules, the so-called network subgraph approach, which is distinct from the network
motif approach because it does not depend on null model assumptions.

Methods:

We developed an alignment-free algorithm called the Subgraph Identification Algorithm
(SIA), which could generate all subgraphs that have five connected nodes (5-node subgraph). There
were 9,364 such modules. Then, we applied the SIA method to examine 17 cancer networks and
measured the similarity between the two networks by gauging the similarity level using Jensen-
Shannon entropy (HJS).

Results:

We identified and examined the biological meaning of 5-node regulatory modules and
pairs of cancer networks with the smallest HJS values. The two pairs of networks that show similar
patterns are (i) endometrial cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma and (ii) breast cancer and pathways
in cancer. Some studies have provided experimental data supporting the 5-node regulatory modules.

Conclusion:

Our method is an alignment-free approach that measures the topological similarity of
5-node regulatory modules and aligns two directed networks based on their topology. These modules
capture complex interactions among multiple genes that cannot be detected using existing
methods that only consider single-gene relations. We analyzed the biological relevance of the regulatory
modules and used the subgraph method to identify the modules that shared the same topology
across 2 cancer networks out of 17 cancer networks. We validated our findings using evidence from
the literature.
Decision Support System for Major Selection in Higher Education for Multimedia Graduate Students using Fuzzy Mamdani Logic
Authors: Fauziah Khasna Nur , Arifin Fatchul
Published: February 2024

Students at the vocational high school level are indeed prepared to be able to work directly, but it does not rule out the possibility that vocational high school students can continue higher education such as universities. But the problem that will be faced again if students who graduate from vocational high schools choose to continue their education in college is what major they will take. One of the vocational high school majors, namely Multimedia, has a wide scope, so grade 3 vocational high school students who want to go to college have a dilemma in deciding on a major. This research applies the fuzzy logic mamdani to help make decisions for majors in higher education. This study is based on 5 input parameters, namely Komputer dan Jaringan Dasar, Desain Grafis Percetakan, Dasar Desain Grafis, Teknik Audio Visual, and Animasi. There are outputs of 5 majors in Teknik Komputer, Desain Komunikasi Visual, Animasi, TV dan Film, and Fotografi. The results of this research can make it easier and can provide support for grade 3 vocational high school students, especially the Multimedia department in choosing a major in higher education. The results of the decision support system with the highest student score data in Animasi will appear a recommendation score of 79.8 in the Animasi department, and on the highest student score data on the Komputer dan Jaringan Dasar, a recommendation score of 79.8 will appear in the Teknik Komputer major in accordance with the major taken and lived by the current student.
Machine Learning System Implementation of Education Podcast Recommendations on Spotify Applications Using Content-Based Filtering and TF-IDF
Authors: Raharjo Muhammad Mukti , Arifin Fatchul
Published: February 2024

Spotify, this popular music and podcast streaming service, has a fundamental problem in assisting clients in finding podcasts that fit their interests. Thus, the goal of this project is to develop a podcast recommendation system that would enhance users' capacity to identify pertinent content, particularly in the educational genre. By using content-based filtration techniques, this system analyzes the user's listening preferences and interests before recommending educational podcasts. The podcast data source is Spotify, and the suggestions are produced using the TF-IDF and Cosine Similarity techniques. The recommendations provide a list of educational podcasts catered to the user's specific interests. The Confusion Matrix Classification Report was tested to assess system performance during the review phase. Precision values show how accurate the system was at recommending educational podcasts; on average, they range from 0.52 to 0.74. Additionally, the recall value showed a mean of 0.51 and a mean of 0.79, indicating that the algorithm successfully located the relevant content. To put it briefly, this custom recommendation engine enhances the listening experience for Spotify customers by suggesting educational podcasts based on their preferences. The system's ability to match users with material that aligns with their interests was demonstrated by the metrics used to assess its performance. With more user interactions with the system, it was anticipated by Cosine Similarity, a statistic used to determine the quality of recommendations, will continue to improve. To improve user experience and personalize the podcast listening experience on Spotify, this research addresses the challenge of locating suitable podcasts.
A Risk Assessment and Planning Tool to Prevent Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy: Development and Evaluation of The Baby Sleep Planner (Preprint)
Authors: Pease Anna , Ingram Jenny , Lambert Becky , Patrick Karen , Pitts Kieren , Fleming Peter J , Blair Peter S ,   The Baby Sleep Project Family Advisory Group
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Successful national safer sleep campaigns in the United Kingdom have lowered the death rates from sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) over the past 3 decades, but deaths persist in socioeconomically deprived families. The circumstances of current deaths suggest that improvements in support for some families to follow safer sleep advice more consistently could save lives.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a risk assessment and planning tool designed to improve the uptake of safer sleep advice in families with infants at increased risk of SUDI.

METHODS

A co-design approach was used to develop the prototype interface of a web-based tool with 2 parts: an individual SUDI risk assessment at birth and a downloadable plan for safety during times of disruption. The advice contained within the tool is concordant with national guidance from the Lullaby Trust, the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. User testing of the prototype tool was conducted by inviting health visitors, midwives, and family nurses to use it with families eligible for additional support. Qualitative interviews with health professionals and families allowed for iterative changes to the tool and for insights into its function and influence on parental behavior.

RESULTS

A total of 22 health professionals were enrolled in the study, of whom 20 (91%) were interviewed. They reported appreciating the functionality of the tool, which allowed them to identify at-risk families for further support. They felt that the tool improved how they communicated about risks with families. They suggested expanding its use to include relevance in the antenatal period and having versions available in languages other than English. They reported using the tool with 58 families; 20 parents gave consent to be interviewed by the research team about their experiences with the tool. Families were positive about the tool, appreciated the trustworthy information, and felt that it was useful and appropriate and that the plans for specific infant sleeps would be of benefit to them and other family members.

CONCLUSIONS

Our tool combines risk assessment and safety planning, both of which have the potential to improve the uptake of lifesaving advice. Refinements to the tool based on these findings have ensured that the tool is ready for further evaluation in a larger study before being rolled out to families with infants at increased risk.
Investigating the Feasibility of Using a Wearable Device to Measure Physiologic Health Data in Emergency Nurses and Residents: Observational Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Agarwal Anish K , Gonzales Rachel , Scott Kevin , Merchant Raina
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Emergency departments play a pivotal role in the US health care system, with high use rates and inherent stress placed on patients, patient care, and clinicians. The impact of the emergency department environment on the health and well-being of emergency residents and nurses can be seen in worsening rates of burnout and cardiovascular health. Research on clinician health has historically been completed outside of clinical areas and not personalized to the individual. The expansion of digital technology, specifically wearable devices, may enhance the ability to understand how health care environments impact clinicians.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of using wearable devices to measure and record physiologic data from emergency nurses and resident physicians. Understanding strategies that are accepted and used by clinicians is critical prior to launching larger investigations aimed at improving outcomes.

METHODS

This was a longitudinal pilot study conducted at an academic, urban, level 1 trauma center. A total of 20 participants, including emergency medicine resident physicians and nurses, were equipped with a wearable device (WHOOP band) and access to a mobile health platform for 6 weeks. Baseline surveys assessed burnout, mental health, and expectations of the device and experience. Participants provided open-ended feedback on the device and platform, contributing to the assessment of acceptance, adoption, and use of the wearable device. Secondary measures explored early signs and variations in heart rate variability, sleep, recovery, burnout, and mental health assessments.

RESULTS

Of the 20 participants, 10 consistently used the wearable device. Feedback highlighted varying experiences with the device, with a preference for more common wearables like the Apple Watch or Fitbit. Resident physicians demonstrated higher engagement with the device and platform as compared with nurses. Baseline mental health assessments indicated mild anxiety and depressive symptoms among participants. The Professional Fulfillment Index revealed low professional fulfillment, moderate workplace exhaustion, and interpersonal disengagement.

CONCLUSIONS

This pilot study underscores the potential of wearable devices in monitoring emergency clinicians’ physiologic data but reveals challenges related to device preferences and engagement. The key takeaway is the necessity to optimize device and platform design for clinician use. Larger, randomized trials are recommended to further explore and refine strategies for leveraging wearable technology to support the well-being of the emergency workforce.

CLINICALTRIAL

None
Usability, Ergonomics, and Educational Value of a Novel Telestration Tool for Surgical Coaching: Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kiani Parmiss , Dolling-Boreham Roberta , Hameed Mohamed Saif , Masino Caterina , Fecso Andras , Okrainec Allan , Madani Amin
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Telementoring studies found technical challenges in achieving accurate and stable annotations during live surgery using commercially available telestration software intraoperatively. To address the gap, a wireless handheld telestration device was developed to facilitate dynamic user interaction with live video streams.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to find the perceived usability, ergonomics, and educational value of a first-generation handheld wireless telestration platform.

METHODS

A prototype was developed with four core hand-held functions: (1) free-hand annotation, (2) cursor navigation, (3) overlay and manipulation (rotation) of ghost (avatar) instrumentation, and (4) hand-held video feed navigation on a remote monitor. This device uses a proprietary augmented reality platform. Surgeons and trainees were invited to test the core functions of the platform by performing standardized tasks. Usability and ergonomics were evaluated with a validated system usability scale and a 5-point Likert scale survey, which also evaluated the perceived educational value of the device.

RESULTS

In total, 10 people (9 surgeons and 1 senior resident; 5 male and 5 female) participated. Participants strongly agreed or agreed (SA/A) that it was easy to perform annotations (SA/A 9, 90% and neutral 0, 0%), video feed navigation (SA/A 8, 80% and neutral 1, 10%), and manipulation of ghost (avatar) instruments on the monitor (SA/A 6, 60% and neutral 3, 30%). Regarding ergonomics, 40% (4) of participants agreed or strongly agreed (neutral 4, 40%) that the device was physically comfortable to use and hold. These results are consistent with open-ended comments on the device’s size and weight. The average system usability scale was 70 (SD 12.5; median 75, IQR 63-84) indicating an above average usability score. Participants responded favorably to the device’s perceived educational value, particularly for postoperative coaching (agree 6, 60%, strongly agree 4, 40%).

CONCLUSIONS

This study presents the preliminary usability results of a novel first-generation telestration tool customized for use in surgical coaching. Favorable usability and perceived educational value were reported. Future iterations of the device should focus on incorporating user feedback and additional studies should be conducted to evaluate its effectiveness for improving surgical education. Ultimately, such tools can be incorporated into pedagogical models of surgical coaching to optimize feedback and training.

CLINICALTRIAL
Illicit Cannabis Use to Self-Treat Chronic Health Conditions: A Cross-Sectional Study from the United Kingdom (Preprint)
Authors: Erridge Simon , Troup Lucy , Sodergren Mikael Hans
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

In 2019, it was estimated that approximately 1.4 million adults in the United Kingdom (UK) purchase illicit cannabis to self-treat chronic physical and mental health conditions. This analysis was conducted following the rescheduling of cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) in the UK, but before the first specialist clinics had started treating patients.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of illicit cannabis consumption to treat a medically diagnosed condition, following the introduction of specialist clinics who could prescribe legal CBMPs in the UK.

METHODS

Adults over the age of 18 in the UK were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey though YouGov® between 22nd and 29th September 2022. A series of questions were asked about respondents’ medical diagnoses, illicit cannabis use, cost of purchasing illicit cannabis per month, and basic demographics. The responding sample was weighted to generate a sample representative of the adult population of the UK. Modelling of population size was conducted based on an adult (≥ 18 years) population of 53,369,083 according to 2021 national census data.

RESULTS

There were 10,965 respondents to the questionnaire, to which weighting was applied. 5,700 (51.98%) respondents indicated that they were affected by a chronic health condition. The most reported condition was anxiety (n = 1588; 14.48%). Of those suffering with health conditions, 364 (6.38%) purchased illicit cannabis to self-treat health conditions. 1,770,627 (95% confidence interval: 1,073,791–2,467,001) individuals were modelled to consume illicit cannabis for health conditions across the United Kingdom. On multivariable logistic regression, the following were associated with increased likelihood of reporting illicit cannabis use for health reasons: chronic pain, fibromyalgia, post-traumatic stress disorder, multiple sclerosis, other mental health disorders, male gender, younger age, living in London, being unemployed or not working for other reasons, and working part-time (p<0.050).

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights the scale of illicit cannabis use for health reasons in the UK and the potential barriers to accessing legally prescribed CBMPs. This is an important step in developing harm reduction policies to transition these individuals, where appropriate, to CBMPs. This is particularly true considering the potential risks from harmful contaminants of illicit cannabis and self-treating a medical condition without clinical oversight. Moreover, it emphasises the need for further funding of randomised controlled trials and the use of novel methodologies to determine the efficacy of CBMPs and their utility in common chronic conditions.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
De la narración del audiolibro a la textualidad verbal y visual del audiotexto: una forma alternativa para la adquisición de conocimientos
Authors: Barragán-Perea Efraín Alfredo , Tarango Javier
Published: February 2024

El acceso a la información a través de la lectura tradicionalmente alude al proceso de percibir y comprender la escritura mediante la vista o el tacto; no obstante, la lectura a través de la escucha se establece como una forma de oralidad terciaria que permite la combinación de la escritura, la imagen y la voz. Tales características la han convertido en una poderosa alternativa para la adquisición de conocimientos para las nuevas generaciones, las cuales, en algunos casos, prefieren escuchar en lugar de leer. Por este motivo, se realizó una investigación de tipo documental de la literatura científica sobre el tema, mediante un estudio descriptivo, con el objetivo de profundizar en el uso de los audiotextos como forma alternativa para la adquisición de conocimientos. Para ello, fueron analizados los conceptos de audiotexto, audiolibro, oralidad terciaria, conversión de texto a voz, voces sintéticas y deepfake de voz. Se encontró que el impacto de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación han hecho posible que los audiotextos se conviertan en una poderosa herramienta para la reivindicación de la palabra hablada y una herramienta complementaria para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
De la computación pervasiva a los sistemas de información pervasivos
Authors: Guadarrama Sánchez Hugo Alberto
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de investigación se fundamenta en describir los sistemas de información pervasivos contemporáneos con base en los presupuestos teóricos seleccionados. A partir de un método inductivo guiado por diferentes posturas hacia las características de los sistemas de información pervasivos, se sintetizan ciertos elementos a manera de armonización conceptual basados en la computación pervasiva. Los resultados obtenidos a nivel conceptual denotan que un sistema de información pervasivo contemporáneo tiende a expandirse en el tiempo y espacio del área de trabajo, puesto que las actividades laborales y los servicios de información han transgredido los momentos y sitios personales ajenos a las tareas específicas del lugar de trabajo.
Advancing Job Search: A Comprehensive Resume-Based Job Recommendation System Using NLP and Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Kulkarni Anish
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Students find it difficult to find jobs and postings related to their skills and which has a good pay. Students aimlessly scan all internet to find a job which best matches their skill. Hence this paper presents a model which would give them personalized recommendations based on their skills mentioned in the resume. In today’s world hundreds of people apply for a single job posting. Companies receive thousands of applications at any given time. To save time companies, recruiters have few seconds to go through the applicant’s resume. Moreover, today all companies use a software based application which scans all resumes and get the best candidates. Most students especially freshers fail at this critical juncture, they fail to make a good resume which would help their resumes getting selected. Our novel model helps solve this problem. In order to extract sectionspecific text content from resumes, this work presents a layout-aware resume parsing system based on natural language processing (NLP) and rule-based approaches. This output can be fed into a resume content review system to obtain resume feedback, or it can be utilized as the input for a resume content score model. By utilizing sophisticated natural language processing (NLP) models, the system guarantees precise recognition and classification of essential resume elements, including personal information, qualifications, experience, and accomplishments. The recommendation engine makes use of machine learning techniques to pinpoint areas that need work, such improving keyword relevancy, recommending extra abilities, or offering formatting and wording advice. The goal of this iterative process is to provide job seekers with dynamic tools that will boost their visibility to recruiters and applicant tracking systems. Our unique model also recommends skills to add in their resume. This models also recommends some add-on courses to improve those skills. The app also uses cutting-edge technology like Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to process resumes and job listings and find the greatest fit for both job seekers.
Determination Tourism Village Economy: Does Covid-19 Have An Impact On Pades And Village Community Income?
Authors: Febrianti Devi , Astuti Suryani Yuli
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This research was developed to analyze the things that can determine the economy of a tourism village affected by Covid-19 in Lamongan Regency in terms of PADes and Village Community Income.
Methodology/approach: This research uses qualitative by using case study approach.
Findings: These findings imply that the existence of this tourist village can help the surrounding community in getting jobs. In addition, it can help the community in increasing people's income and PADes. At the time of Covid, there was decrease in PADes and income for the Labuhan Tourism Village, except Kendal because their marketing strategy was quite good.
Practical and Theoretical contribution/Originality: There is a tourism village contribution in terms of PADes and village community income. The results of this study can be used by the government as material for consideration in improving implementation, especially Permendagri No 66 Tahun 2007, especially village development planning to face of Post-Covid 19.
Research Limitation: This research was only conducted in the largest PADes recipient villages. This should be done in tourist villages that receive the largest and smallest PADes so that they can see more deeply the impact of Covid-19 on each village.
Apakah Koneksi Politik Mempengaruhi Pengungkapan Lingkungan?
Authors: Nugrahanti Yeterina , Debbie Natasya
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This research aims to determine the influence of political connections, company size and company age on environmental disclosure in manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2020-2021, either simultaneously or partially, by using company size and company age as control variables..
Methodology/approach: This research uses quantitative methods through a sampling approach, obtaining 99 companies with 198 data. Using multiple linear regression analysis. Data processing was carried out using SPSS Statistics 25.
Findings: The results of this study indicate that political connections and company size have a significant positive impact on corporate environmental disclosure. However, company age does not have a significant impact on environmental disclosure.
Practical and Theoritical contributio/Origanlity: This research provides knowledge about political connections, company size and company age for environmental disclosure of manufacturing sector companies in 2020-2021. The implication is that companies use environmental disclosure to generate good relations with the government and are expected to increase positive views of the company and attract investors to invest.
Research Limitation: This research is still limited to the scope of the research sample for a research period of two years so that the results do not reflect the long-term situation. In addition, it does not discuss the quality of environmental disclosure items disclosed by the company.
Influence of alkaline earth metals on the corrosion-electrochemical behavior of lead babbit BKa, BSt, BBa (PbSb15Sn10) in NaCl electrolyte medium
Authors: Ganiev I. N. , Odinaev A. Kh. , Khozhaev F. K. , Khozhanazarov Kh. M. , Odinazoda Kh. O.
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of study of the effect of additions of calcium, strontium and barium (0.01–1.0 wt %) as a structure modifier on the anodic behavior of lead babbits BKa, BSt, BBa (PbSb15Sn10) in NaCl electrolyte medium. The studies were carried out by the potentiostatic method in a potentiodynamic mode with a potential sweep rate of 2 mV/s.

Studies show that with time the free corrosion potential of alloys shifts to the positive side, and with an increase in the concentration of the modifier (calcium, strontium and barium) in lead babbits, acquires a positive value. The addition of calcium to lead babbit BKa (PbSb15Sn10Ca) increases its corrosion resistance by 10 – 15%, strontium BST (PbSb15Sn10Sr) by 15–20%, and barium BBa (PbSb15Sn10Ba) by 20–25%. An increase in the corrosion rate of alloys was noted, regardless of t heir composition from the NaCl concentration in the solution. It has been shown that an increase in the chloride ion concentration in the NaCl electrolyte leads to a decrease in the potentials of free corrosion, repassivation, and pitting formation of alloys.
Prediction of radiation embrittlement of VVER-1000 RPV welded seam material at lifetime extension up to 60 years and more
Authors: Erak D. Yu. , Papina V. B. , Zhurko D. A.
Published: February 2024

The correctness of the model assumption about additivity of the contributions of hardening (formation of dislocation loops and radiation-induced precipitates) and non-hardening (formation and accumulation of grain boundary segregations) mechanisms to the final radiation embrittlement of VVER-1000 RPV weld materials has been verified. The paper presents the results of the experiment to obtain predicted values of the critical embrittlement temperature of weld metal with nickel content of 1.59–1.88% using accelerated irradiation in the IR-8 research reactor from states characterized by different starting level of grain boundary segregation. The procedure of accounting for the flux effect for the values of critical embrittlement temperature obtained using accelerated irradiation has been proposed. The conservativity of the weld metal radiation embrittlement dependence has been verified based on the modal assumption of additivity of the contributions of the strengthening and non-strengthening mechanisms up to the values of fast neutron fluence ~75–1022 neutrons/m2.
Development of technology for obtaining nanostructured composite coating of Kh20N80–Cr–TiC
Authors: Bobkova T. I. , Bystrov R. Yu. , Vasiliev A. F. , Gerashchenkov D. A. , Farmakovsky B. V.
Published: February 2024

The paper presents results of a comprehensive study on the development of technology for the production of composite nanostructured functional coatings based on the Kh20N80 – chromium – TiC system using the supersonic cold gas dynamic spraying method. Composite coating powders are obtained by chromium plating of a matrix powder made of alloy Kh20N80 followed by the application of a reinforcing coating of TiC nanoparticles. The resulting coating has a high level of microhardness, modulus of elasticity and resistance to wear. A distinctive feature of the resulting coating is its reliable operation without destruction for a long time (more than 4800 hours).
THE UNITY OF COMMUNITY IN CEMETERY: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE ISLAMIC BURIAL RITUALS IN ACEH, INDONESIA
Authors: Manan Abdul , Kamarullah Kamarullah , Husda Husaini , Rasyad Rasyad , Fauzi Fauzi
Published: February 2024

Our study portrays burial rituals practiced by Aceh Province, Indonesia, as this ethnic group has distinctive traditions for burying deceased members of society due to the intertwining of cultures and religions in Aceh. The intertwining of the Islamic tenet with the local cultures has constructed the burial rituals in Aceh differently from any Islamic community in Indonesia. To discover the ritual’s distinction as this study’s focus, we explored three aspects of the rituals: processes, meanings, and implications. We integrated a qualitative approach through an ethnographic study by observing three burial rituals and interviewing 45 informants across the province. As a result, the processes covered initial meetings, grave cleansing, ceremonious announcement, feast, and pilgrimage. Regarding the ritual’s meanings, we revealed that the Acehnese people practiced the burial rituals to expect God’s blessing and forgiveness for the deceased, represent gratitude and homage toward the left family, affirm the local customs, and consolidate kinship relations. A for the implication, the series of rituals in burying a dead person in Aceh serves as a way to establish a vertical relationship from people to God, along with a horizontal relationship, from person to person, which contains local wisdom representing the identity of Aceh. The urgency of burial rituals reflects communities’ harmony and adherence to cultural and religious beliefs regardless of any condition.