bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Consumption Habits, Food Purchasing Behaviours, and Food Security Status among South Africans
Authors: Naicker Ashika , Makanjana Onwaba , Palmer Karina , Nzama Phindile
Published: September 2021

This study assesses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food consumption habits, food purchasing behaviours, and food security status among South African adults. The researchers conducted an online consumer survey for the month of October 2020. Approximately two-thirds of participants were youth and women, predominantly from KwaZulu-Natal. A significant number of participants reported to either having remained the same weight or gained weight. Changes in food consumption habits included a significant increase in snack consumption, increased water consumption, and improved food skills. Notably, no food was eaten significantly more than before COVID-19 and no food was eaten significantly less than before COVID-19. Regarding food purchasing behaviours, a significantly high number of participants indicated that food prices increased during the lockdown. Whilst a significant number of participants indicated that they had no difficulties eating enough food, a significant number of participants reported that they could not afford to buy more food and as a coping strategy resorted to planting vegetables. The findings of this survey provide an advancement of knowledge on food consumption, food purchasing behaviours, and food security status during emergency situations as well as long-term food-related strategies.
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB TINGGINYA ANGKA CERAI GUGAT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Kesuma Derry Angling , Hasyim Rohman
Published: September 2021

Faktor penyebab terjadinya perceraian pada masa pandemi Covid 19 karena beberapa faktor yaitu, karena faktor zina, mabuk, madat, judi, meninggalkan salah satu pihak, dihukum penjara, poligami, KDRT, cacat  badan, perselisihan atau pertengkaran terus menerus, kawin paksa, murtad, dan ekonomi. Dan faktor paling dominan adalah faktor perselisihan atau pertengkaran terus menerus. Faktor selanjutnya adalah karena meninggalkan salah satu pihak. Strategi pencegahan dan penanggulangan terjadinya cerai gugat tidak hanya tanggung jawab pemerintah. Hal ini disebabkan karena perceraian bersifat multidimensional sehingga aspek sosial, kultural, dan moral, serta semua unsur potensi dan pranata sosial dalam komunitas lokal juga berperan dalam menanggulangi bahkan mencegah terjadinya perceraian. Keluarga menjadi pendekatan yang merangkul calon suami istri memberikan pendidikan tentang keluarga. Sebab keluarga memiliki delapan fungsi, meliputi fungsi agama, sosial budaya, cinta kasih, perlindungan, reproduksi, sosialisasi dan pendidikan, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Fungsi agama mengajarkan cara beribadah sesuai agamanya. Fungsi sosial mengajarkan nilai-nilai luhur budaya bangsa yang harus dilestarikan. Fungsi cinta kasih mengajarkan saling mengasihi antar anggota keluarga. Fungsi perlindungan melindungi dari ancaman fisik maupun psikis.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK DI BAWAH UMUR KORBAN PERSETUBUHAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2014 ATAS PERUBAHAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2002 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK
Authors: Burhayan Burhayan
Published: September 2021

Perlindungan hukum terhadap anak merupakan upaya perlindungan berbagai kebebasan hak asasi anak (fundamental right and freedom of children) serta berbagai kepentingan yang berhubungan dengan kesejateraan anak. Perlindungan hukum bagi anak mencakup lingkup yang luas. Dalam perspektif kenegaraan, negara melindungi warga negaranya termasuk didalamnya terhadap anak dapat ditempatkan dalam pembukaan undang-undang Dasar 1945 yang tercermin pada alinea ke-IV, di dalam penjabaran BAB XA tentang Hak Asasi Manusia, khususnya untuk perlindungan terhadap anak. UUD 1945 jelas menyatakan bahwa negara memberikan perlindungan kepada fakir miskin dan anak-anak terlantar. Masalah kemiskinan semakin menjadi penyakit yang terus menerus muncul dinegara ini, termasuk berbagai kejahatan yang terjadi menimpa anak-anak dinegara ini, termasuk bebagai kejahatan yang terjadi menimpa anak-anak di negara ini yang faktor utamanya disebabkan oleh kemiskinan. Faktor kemiskinan ini mempunyai kontribusi besar dalam tindakan penelantaran anak yang dilakukan oleh orang tua kandung. Kemudian juga perlindungan spesifik hak anak sebagian dari hak Asasi manusia, masud dalam Pasal 28 B ayat (2) bahwa setiap anak berhak atas kelangsungan hidup, tumbuh dan berkembang, serta memperoleh perlindungan darim kekerasan dan diskrimnasi. Perlindungan Anak berdasarkan Pasal 1 ayat (2) Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang perubahan atas undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang perlindungan anak menyatakan bahwa : Perlindimgan anak adalah kegiatan untuk menjamin dan melindungi anak dan hak-haknya agar dapat hidup, tumbuh, kembang dan berpartisipasi, secara optimal sesuai harkat dan martabat perlindungan dari kekerasan dan diskriminasi. Anak sebagai korban kesusilaan tentunya mengalami penderitaan, baik secara maupun psikis. Negara sbagai penjamin kehidupan bermasyarakat bermasud memberikan perlindungan secara khusus kepada anak agar terhindar dari upaya ekspoitasi oleh pihak-pihak tertentu. Salah satu instrumen yang digunakan dalam perlundungan anak adalah hukum perlindungan hukum bagi anak dapat diartikan sebagai upaya yang berhubungan dengan kesejateraan anak.
Türkiye’de Sağlık Yönetimi Lisans Bölümlerinde Açılan Akademik İlanlar Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÖZKAN Osman , AKIŞ Merve
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık yönetimi bölümlerinde açılan öğretim üyesi ilanlarının profillerinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Araştırma kapsamında 2018 Ocak–2019 Temmuz dönemleri arasında Türkiye’deki devlet ve vakıf üniversitelerinde yayımlanan öğretim üyesi ilanları incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Elde edilen verilere göre 114 ilana ve talep edilen 230 öğretim üyesi kadrosuna ulaşılmıştır. Yayımlanan doktor öğretim üyesi (Dr. Öğr. Üyesi) kadrolarının sadece %40,8’inde (n:49) sağlık yönetimi alanında doktora yapma şartı tek başına yer almaktadır. Alan dışı şartlar taşıyan ilanların çoğunluğunun Dr. Öğr. Üyesi kadrolarında yer aldığı görülürken, profesör doktor (Prof. Dr.) ilanlarında kadroların sadece %35,9’unda (n:14) sağlık yönetimi alanı tek başına doktora şartı olarak gösterilmiştir. doçent doktor (Doç. Dr.) ilanlarında ise 71 kadronun yarısından fazlasında doktora yapılan alan belirtilmezken, sadece %38’inde (n:27) sağlık yönetimi alanı öncül kabul edilmiştir. Sonuç: İncelemeler sonucu, yapılan alan dışı atamalarda bölüm için aranan akademisyenin geçmiş bilimsel araştırmaları, sağlık sektörü ile ilgili deneyimlerinin ve alan ile olan bağlantısının sorgulanma oranının düşük olduğu görülmüştür.
Sirkadiyen Ritmin Sağlıktaki Rolü
Authors: ÖNEY Başak , BALCI Çiğdem
Published: September 2021

Yaklaşık 24 saat süren aydınlık ve karanlık döngüsü, canlıları yaşam ortamlarındaki döngüsel değişikliklere yönlendirir. Canlılar üzerindeki bu döngüsel, fizyolojik, biyokimyasal ve davranışsal etkiler sirkadiyen ritim olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Sirkadiyen sistem, hipotalamusun üst kiyazmatik çekirdeğinde (SCN, suprakiazmatik nükleus) yer alan bir merkezi saat ile karaciğer, pankreas, gastrointestinal sistem, iskelet kası ve adipoz doku gibi diğer vücut dokularında bulunan bir dizi periferik saatten oluşmaktadır. Merkezi saat, vücudu ışık veya güneşe göre senkronize edip bunun için öncelikle aydınlık ve karanlık döngüsünü kullanırken periferik saat, SCN’den gelen sinyalleri ve ışık, beslenme, fiziksel aktivite, uyku gibi dış faktörlerden gelen uyaranlara karşı oluşturduğu otonom ritim yanıtlarını kullanmaktadır. Sirkadiyen saati etkileyen dış etmenlerden biri olan beslenme, sirkadiyen bir olaydır. Beslenme zamanı, yeterli ve dengeli beslenmek, ana öğünlerdeki makro besin ögelerinin dağılımını ayarlamak sirkadiyen saatler ile metabolizma arasındaki dengenin ve sağlığın bozulmaması için önem taşımaktadır. Işık, melatonin, sıcaklık gibi diğer faktörlerden de etkilenen bu hassas sirkadiyen sistem, modern yaşamla birlikte değişime uğramıştır. Modern yaşamın insanlara gösterdiği vardiyalı çalışma saatleri, gece çalışma ve uzun mesailer, uzun mesafeli uçak seyahatleri, gece yeme sendromu ve uyku bozuklukları içsel ritimde değişiklik yaratabilmektedir. Bu değişimler sirkadiyen saatler arasındaki uyumu bozar ve insülin direnci, obezite, kalp ve damar hastalıkları, kanser ve ruhsal hastalıklar gibi çeşitli hastalıkların riskini arttırır. Bu derlemenin amacı, sirkadiyen sistemin işleyişini ve insanlarda etkili olan iç ve dış etmenlerin sirkadiyen ritmi nasıl etkilediğini kavramaktır. Bu çalışmada, beslenme düzeninin ve modern hayatın sonuçlarının sirkadiyen sistemi etkileyerek birçok hastalığın görülme riskini arttırdığı, bu alanda yapılan çalışmalarla ortaya konmuştur. Sağlığımız ile doğrudan ilişkili olan sirkadiyen sistem, birçok hastalığın meydana gelme oranını azaltmak amacıyla takip edilebilir bir hedef olmalıdır.
COVID-19, Pandemi Sürecinin Psikolojik Etkileri ve Duygusal Yeme Davranışı
Authors: GÜNGÖR Aybüke Gülin , ÖZDOĞAN Yahya
Published: September 2021

Çin'in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19), zihinsel ve fiziksel sağlık üzerinde önemli etkilerle birlikte dünya genelinde de günlük yaşamı oldukça olumsuz etkilemiştir. COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde yaşanan belirsizlik, hasta olma endişesiyle yaşanılan korku, mutsuzluk, ümitsizlik, çaresizlik gibi duygular da salgın halini almıştır ve bireylerde stres, anksiyete, depresif belirtiler, uykusuzluk ve korku gibi zihinsel sağlık sorunlarına yol açmaktadır. Pandemi süreci ile birlikte artan stres, kaygı ve depresyon düzeyleri duygusal yeme riskini de artırmaktadır. Böylece bireylerin daha çok şekerli, bol yağlı, sağlıksız besin tüketimiyle birlikte obezite gibi sağlık sorunları ortaya çıkabilir. Devam eden sağlıksız beslenme alışkanlığı ile birlikte bağışıklık sistemi de olumsuz etkilenerek COVID-19'a yakalanma riski artabilmektedir.
Lead recovery in artificially contaminated agricultural soil as a remediation strategy using sunflower and vermicompost
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Sarmiento-Sarmiento Guido , Febres-Flores Shadai ,   Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa
Published: September 2021

Lead (Pb) contamination is an environmental problem that deteriorates the quality of agricultural soils; therefore, it is a priority to evaluate remediation strategies for its recovery. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and vermicompost in the remediation of agricultural soils artificially contaminated with Pb. The treatments studied were: T1 (soil with Pb, vermicompost and sunflower), T2 (soil with Pb and vermicompost), T3 (soil with Pb and sunflower) and T4 (soil with Pb). The initial Pb value in the soil was 16.05 ppm, and 105 ppm Pb were added by dissolving Pb(NO3)2, reaching a concentration of 121.05 ppm as the initial level, higher than the national environmental quality standard (EQS) for agricultural soils (70 ppm Pb). All treatments reduced the Pb concentration in the soil below the EQS. T2 stood out by achieving a Pb recovery of 81.21 %. The Pb bioconcentration factor (BF) in the aerial part and roots of sunflower plants (T1 and T3) registered values of less than one, acting as an exclusive plant species. According to the Pb translocation factor (TF), sunflower in the presence of vermicompost (T1) behaved as a Pb phytostabilizing plant (TF < 1), and in the absence of vermicompost (T3) it proved to be a Pb phytoextractor (TF > 1).
400 YEARS OF WATER CONSUMPTION: EARLY MODERN POTTERY CUPS IN PORTUGAL
Authors: Casimiro Tânia Manuel , Newstead Sarah
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to provide an analysis of the production and consumption of drinking cups in Portugal examining their productive and decorative characteristics and establishing their relation with the ingestion of water between the 15th and 18th centuries. Although drinking cups started to be used much earlier, during the early modern age an international demand for such objects emerges. This fame will take them to places from Northern Europe to the New World where their colour, taste and smell were highly appreciated.
Factors Affecting the Housing Affordability of Homebuyers in Perak: Measuring Transport Expenditure
Authors: BAHARUN Norhayati , MASROM Suraya , ROSHIDI Afiqah
Published: September 2021

Increasing housing prices in Perak has made it difficult for homebuyers to own affordable housing. Housing affordability ensures that housing provided is affordable for every income group, especially the low and middle-income groups. It has brought the government and housing developers’ attention the issue of housing affordability by supplying public low-cost housing schemes.
PARADIGMA AKUNTASI SYARIAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID SYARIAH DAN TAFSIR MAQASHIDI
Authors: Hamdani Hamdani
Published: September 2021

Accounting reporting that is only guided by the conventional economic system and only concerned with profit, has an impact on the economic crisis and certain community misery. Islamic economics which was pioneered by contemporary scholars compiled an economic reporting system that prioritized benefit, transparency, and justice in accounting reporting. Conceptually, this article discusses the sharia accounting paradigm according to the perspective of maqashid sharia and tafsir maqashidi. The position of the maqashid sharia regarding the study of Islamic accounting is divided into five phases, namely guarding religion, guarding the soul, maintaining reason, guarding descent, and safeguarding property. In this case, the tafsir maqashidi is very relevant to understanding the text about maqashid sharia because, first, in the tafsir maqashidi the maqashid sharia approach is discussed from the perspective of Islamic law. Second, maqashid sharia is understood as a religious manhaj.
Kronologi Bahasa Arab Semitik Perspektif Historis
Authors: Rofik Eka Nur
Published: September 2021

Arabic comes from the Semitic language family. it has a higher position than other Semitic languages ​​because it is not extinct even though it is thousands of years old. Arabic is one of the most widely spoken languages ​​today. Users are not only Muslims but also non-Muslims. Semitic is a language family associated with one of the sons of the Prophet Noah a.s. namely Sam son of Noah. In the narration, it is stated that Noah had three children, namely Sam (Semitic), Yafit (Aramiyah), and Ham (Hamiyah). Languages ​​belonging to the Semitic language family experience slow development. Some languages, such as Akkadian, have even become extinct. and other languages, although not extinct but the speakers are no longer a big nation. This language is only spoken by a small number of people, like Aramaic. Only Arabic, the only Semitic language, has survived thousands of years. Arabic users continue to grow even today. The final conclusion of this paper is that Arabic represents other Semitic languages, both in terms of their origin and in terms of their privilege.
Meu aluno está com dificuldade de aprendizagem: e agora?
Authors:   10.51859/amplla.mad665.1121-0, Paz Cláudia Terra do Nascimento
Published: September 2021

Este livro coloca no centro das atenções o “aluno com dificuldades de aprendizagem”, traz para realidade brasileira e internacional esclarecimentos que nos colocam a fazer a interlocução com o lugar do aluno e nosso lugar enquanto aluno. Estamos vendo falar de aluno, de aprendiz, estamos vendo a autora nos questionar sobre as questões dos transtornos de aprendizagem que são seguramente muito mais prevalentes e rotineiras e que impactam a vida de centenas de milhares de famílias brasileiras. São transtornos que atrapalham a vida de crianças e adolescentes e trazem inquietações, angústias e até adoecimento físico e mental para todo o núcleo familiar e para professores que se vem despreparados para lidar com alunos com essas histórias. A autora em sua sensibilidade nos invoca a descobrirmos nosso estilo de aprendizagem e percebermos também que estilo de aprendizagem nosso aluno possui. Da mesma forma nos questiona sobre nossas escolhas metodológicas, bem como nos convida a analisarmos e compreendermos nossas escolhas para avaliação da aprendizagem, bem como a forma como escolhemos e analisamos a aprendizagem de nossos alunos. O livro certamente terá público diverso, nos traz uma aproximação inicial , de conceitualizar nossa prática de construir ideias e representações que abrem espaço para um fazer , uma práxis no campo psicopedagógico e da sala de aula pois faz uma marca da nossa trajetória pessoal de referência à nossa escuta em relação a nossa forma de aprender para então ressignificar a aprendizagem do aluno; um bom começo para quem se habilita a ser educador de todos!... Conhecer o aluno, sua história, seus estilos de aprender, nossas formas de ensinar, nossas formas de avaliar. As professoras e mães de nossas crianças e adolescentes desfrutarão desta obra estudando, pesquisando, se “escutando” eis a diferença, são profissionais que farão a diferença em sua práxis a partir deste convite da Claudinha Paz. Aos poucos com o caminhar , começamos a descobrir novas paisagens , desvelando potencialidades , revelando competências , aprendendo a estabelecer parcerias , a enfrentar desafios eis que surge a minha querida ex aluna , o orgulho, J J J J de ver-me superada pela aluna de olhinhos azuis estrelados sedenta por aprendizagem para que ao longo dos anos pudesses nos entregar esse belíssimo presente. Receba meus aplausos, com toda a minha reverência pelo trabalho impecavelmente realizado, é a prática do exercício da perseverança através da crença em um ideal.
Matizes das metodologias ativas de ensino
Authors: Silva Glebson Moura , Irineu Roxane de Alencar
Published: September 2021

A educação brasileira atravessa momentos difíceis, em que o negacionismo científico e a tentativa de desacreditar a educação do cidadão nos encaminha para uma instabilidade na formação de profissionais que por ora a sociedade precisa. Muitas universidades, na expansão e interiorização do Ensino Superior por meio de Políticas Públicas implementadas a partir de 2007, adotaram uma concepção curricular que defende o envolvimento do aluno no processo de aprendizagem na busca efetiva pela construção da relação prática-teoria na perspectiva de formar um profissional humanizado Essa metodologia na qual acreditamos e que está apresentada neste livro, não é a que hegemoniza práticas conteudistas e individualistas, mas a que preconiza a formação geral do profissional da saúde, tomando como centralidade as questões práticas, científicas e de valorização do ser humano em toda sua amplitude. Em síntese, a formação por meio da práxis crítica humanizada. Enfim, colocar o futuro profissional da saúde a serviço da educação em saúde e prevenção e romper com a prioridade econômica. Esse livro Matizes das Metodologias Ativas de Ensino, produto de duas importantes pesquisas realizadas no Programa de Pós Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, emergiu do desafio desses pesquisadores em evoluir de uma formação hegemonicamente estabelecida para trilhar caminhos metodológicos nunca antes trilhados. Portanto, os autores buscaram compreender como as metodologias ativas de ensino, que emergem da problematização de situações reais, estão sendo entendidas pelos docentes e discentes e sua eficiência na formação do futuro profissional da saúde, ao assumirem o compromisso com o ensino superior e a efetiva implementação de uma nova concepção de ensino e de currículo tão necessária para o enfrentamento dos problemas da saúde no contexto político e social do nosso país da atualidade. O que está apresentado nesta publicação é a materialização de um trabalho desenvolvido por dois pesquisadores sérios e comprometidos que refletindo sobre seus diferentes campos de ação pedagógica, apresentam relevantes contribuições à reflexão sobre as metodologias ativas de ensino no processo de implementação de um currículo que busca formar profissionais da saúde conscientes de sua função social mediante sua formação técnica e cientifica. Sinto-me honrada em prefaciar tão importante produção, principalmente porque ver o produto acadêmico tomar espaços além dos muros da universidade. A relevância de obras como essa nos enche de esperança que a Ciência se fortalece e cumpre sua função social. Assim, é com a satisfação e a certeza de que essa importante produção acadêmica tem muito a contribuir com a sedimentação das metodologias ativas e com o avanço do currículo de formação profissional, tão importantes para a sociedade. Desejo a todos e a todas uma boa leitura.
POLITICAL ASPECTS OF RESETTLEMENT FROM THE SOUTHERN REGIONS TO THE NORTHERN REGION OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Dr., Professor, Head of the Department of Political Science, L. N. Gumilyov ENU, Nursultan, Kazakhstan, Gabdulina B.A. , Ykylas М. ,   Faculty of Journalism and Political Science, L. N. Gumilyov ENU, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

Currently, the country is developing a demographic imbalance. According to statistics, the Northern regions (North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, and Kostanay regions) have a population of about 2.2 million people, and the population density is 6.8 million people, compared to the southern regions (South Kazakhstan, Zhambyl, Kyzylorda, and Almaty regions). By 2050, the population of the Northern regions is projected to decrease by 0.9 million people, while the population of the southern regions will increase by 5.2 million people. The population density in the southern regions will be 4 times higher than in the Northern ones. As one of the measures to restore this imbalance, the state program of voluntary relocation of the population from the southern regions to the Northern ones was launched. Under this program, conditions are created for those who move to the Northern regions, there are various benefits and material rewards. But while this program has significant advantages, it also has disadvantages. How do I fix them? What is being done for this purpose? In this article, we will try to find answers to these questions.
THE ESSENCE OF STATE AUTHORITIES IN THE HISTORY OF ANCIENT POLITICAL THOUGHT
Authors:   Dr., Professor of the Department of International Relations, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, aymena@mail.ru, Kurmangali A.
Published: September 2021

Today, interest in the study of the complex and multifaceted concept of “institutions of state power” has gained particular importance. In the modern globalizing world, the problem of increasing the level of efficiency of government bodies is becoming increasingly relevant. This article proposes an author's study of the problem under consideration. The relevance of the topic of the article is not in doubt. The main aspects of the topic are analyzed and reviewed. The article examines the relevance and essence of phenomena and categories. The article attempts to summarize the discussion as the main part of the problem under study.
EAST AND WEST: SOCIO-POLITICAL IDEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty city, Kazakhstan, Nuralina B. ,   e-mail: botanur@mail.ru
Published: September 2021

In modern domestic and foreign literature, quite intensive research is being carried out in the field of features and differences in the development of East and West. Especially the East. This is because for a long time the majority of Europeans have knowledge of the East for a number of reasons limited by rather superficial ideas. If in the days of antiquity, they just started talking about the fact that “despotism and barbarism” is inherent in the East, and then in the 14th century in European thought this idea was already formulated in the form of the concept of “Asian despotism”, which was closely associated with the lack of private property and legal guarantees of the person. This kind of general interest is far from accidental: the end of the 20th century. With its gloomy apocalyptic clouds hanging over the planet, it prompts many to seriously become interested in both existential problems (which arouse active attention to mysticism, and here the indisputable priority is given to ancient cultures and religions of the East), and the search for roots, primary sources. According to these initial data, society naturally developed.
KAZAKH-CHINESE COOPERATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages, Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: madina74.04@mail.ru, Omarova M.A.
Published: September 2021

Today international relations encompass not only interaction between states, but also have a global, transnational character. Modern threats and international problems require the participation of more members of the world community. In this regard, interaction of states within the framework of international organizations is of great importance. Since many issues cannot be resolved in a bilateral format, multilateral cooperation requires the participants to have a high level of international legal regulation. Therefore, cooperation between states within the framework of international organizations is considered an important area of ​​mutual relations. It is known that Kazakhstan has not remained aloof from this process and is the initiator of the creation of a number of international organizations. It is also developing ties with its Eastern neighbor China through international organizations. In particular, cooperation is dynamically developing within the framework of the UN, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia, created on the direct initiative of our country. For Kazakhstan and China, the main goal of cooperation within the framework of international organizations is to maintain security and stability in the region. Along with maintaining peace in the region, other areas of cooperation are developing in a multilateral format, such as trade, economy, transport, and the use of the political and economic potential of more than two countries is very effective in developing relations. The article examines the problems and prospects of cooperation between Kazakhstan and China within the framework of international organizations.
FORMATION OF THE KAZAKH DIASPORA IN MONGOLIA AND CHINA
Authors:   Dr., Professor,  Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail:  darchan777@mail.ru , tеl.8-777-271-05-25., Mamytkhanov D.K.
Published: September 2021

The article describes the border treaty between Russia and China in the 19th century, the situation with the resettlement of Kazakhs who fled for various reasons at the beginning of the last century from the partition of Mongolia during the country's independence in the early 20th century. The need to clarify the relationship between irredentists and the diaspora in these states is discussed. Indeed, in modern Kazakhstani society, raising such a topic is of great importance in the formation of a positive attitude of the people towards a foreign brother.
SOCIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF RITUAL: SOME REFLECTIONS
Authors:   Dr., professor, Abai Kazakh National pedagogical university, Almaty, Kazakhstan e-mail: zhanna_madalieva@mail.ru, Madalieva Zh.K.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses in detail the essence and meaning of ritual as a social action. The study of the nature of this phenomenon involves, first of all, the study of various approaches to the definition of the concept of "ritual" and related phenomena. Analyzing the existing definitions, the author comes to the conclusion that "ritual" is a certain set of actions that have symbolic meaning. The symbolism of the ritual is manifested in its connecting role with the world of the sacred, sacred. The article emphasizes that in the consciousness of a person in a traditional society, the sacred world is present in the real world through ritual. As an archaic form of culture, ritual was also a way of regulating and maintaining collective life. The ritual served as a means of integrating and maintaining the integrity of the human community, giving it stability. Therefore, the article focuses on the social functions of the ritual in both public and individual life.
SOCIAL PORTRAIT AND PLACE IN THE SOCIETY OF GRADUATES OF THE KAZAKH NATIONAL WOMEN'S TEACHER TRAINING
Authors:   Kazakh national women’s teacher training university, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Khibina N.N. ,   e-mail: neilya2204@mail.ru, Dabyltayeva M.M. ,   Kazakh national women’s teacher training university, Almaty, Kazakhstan; e-mail: 77474144707@yandex.kz
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the social portrait of graduates of KazNWTU, the attitude to the work, past and modernity of their country, value guidelines. This, in turn, led to the need to analyze information about the place of residence, place of birth, nationality, type of activity of graduates, types of professions, as well as career development. The research volume covered 401 respondents from 14 regions of Kazakhstan. Questionnaires were distributed among graduates using a quantitative-statistical, random sampling method. Social portrait of graduates were carried out using the SPSS program. The study included a descriptive analysis.
PHILOSOPHICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONCEPT OF VALUE
Authors:   Al – Farabi Kazakh National University, specialty ", Akhmedova U.B. ,   7M03101-sociology",   . E-mail: urqiya.akhmedova@mai
Published: September 2021

The relevance of the research topic, the disclosure of the meaning of the concept of value in the life of a modern market society. The purpose of the research work is to socially show the foundations of the life of modern society, revealing the essence that for many centuries was transferred to the concept of value from the philosophical. The reflection of value at historical stages is studied philosophically, the interpretation of perception in modern society is explained, and social types are distinguished.
GLOBAL ARMS MARKET: KEY PLAYERS, FEATURES, TRENDS
Authors:   PhD, acting associate professor, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Baikushikova G. ,   e-mail: baikushikova.gulnara@kaznu.kz
Published: September 2021

This article analyzes the current situation in the global arms market. The authors of the article study the role of the main players in the international arms and military equipment market, determine the main trends in the development of the world arms market, analyze the current statistical data characterizing the state of this market. The analysis allows us to conclude that, despite significant dynamic and structural changes, the demand for weapons in the world is not decreasing, as is the competition between the main suppliers of weapons. The intensification of military-political tensions led to an acceleration in the growth rates of the world arms trade. In addition, the geographic vector of development is changing in the global arms market. If in the second half of the twentieth century the Middle East actively acted as importing countries, then in the twenty-first century the center of world trade in military products shifted to Asia and Oceania, where the main importers of weapons are India, Pakistan, Vietnam, Singapore, South Korea, Indonesia, Japan and Australia. Most recently, there has been a new increase in demand for weapons from the Middle Eastern states, primarily Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait and Egypt.
Barbie Girls Cabaret: An Introduction
Authors: Lizurej Marzena
Published: September 2021

A lesbian cabaret would be an extraordinary phenomenon anywhere; it is all the more so in Poland, where public expressions of the LGBT movement - let alone lesbian culture - are rare. Most male and female artists who might be included in the category of LGBT culture claim to be independent and avoid identifying with the movement. By contrast, Barbie Girls Cabaret overtly defines itself as lesbian. The group mainly jokes about lesbian lives, but it also performs skits on other queer folk. Established in 2005, the group initially appeared very seldom, but it has lately been performing more regularly at gay and lesbian clubs and LGBT culture festivals. Within the past year, it has also been spotlighted in the mainstream press and television. Poles love the cabaret - it is one of the most popular stage genres in our country. In addition to performing at a number of cabaret festivals and meets, groups tour the country with new programs. Significantly, the cabaret in Poland is male-dominated, with men frequently playing women's roles; women are a minority on the cabaret stage. Meanwhile, Barbie Girls is an all-women's group, though as yet an amateur one, and it is the women who play male roles. Allegedly, feminists have a poor sense of humor, and lesbians have none at all. Barbie Girls belies this stereotype. One of its numbers is a series of sketches titled "From the Diary of Maria Konopnicka".
Gonzalo przeciwko Tomaszowi, czyli słów kilka o Trans-Atlantyku Anna Taszycka
Authors: Taszycka Anna
Published: September 2021

Tematem tego eseju jest polskość w specyficznym - bo moim własnym - ujęciu. Opiszę w nim to, co mnie jako Polkę najbardziej boli i dotyka, to, co dopiero przeze mnie (z ducha Gombrowicza) naród współtworzy, a nawet (a jakże!) naród przekracza. W przemowie do „Trans-Atlantyku” Witold Gombrowicz napisał: „...przezwyciężyć polskość. Rozluźnić to nasze poddanie się Polsce! Oderwać się choć trochę! Powstać z klęczek! Ujawnić, zalegalizować ten drugi biegun odczuwania, który każe jednostce bronić się przed narodem, jak przed każdą zbiorową przemocą. Uzyskać – to najważniejsze – swobodę wobec formy polskiej, będąc Polakiem być jednak kimś obszerniejszym i wyższym od Polaka! Oto - kontrabanda ideowa Trans-Atlantyku. Szłoby tu zatem o bardzo daleko posuniętą rewizję naszego stosunku do narodu – tak krańcową, że mogłaby zupełnie przeinaczyć nasze samopoczucie i wyzwolić energie, które by może w ostatecznym rezultacie i narodowi się przydały. Rewizję, notabene, o charakterze uniwersalnym – gdyż to samo zaproponowałbym ludziom innych narodów, bo problem dotyczy nie stosunku Polaka do Polski, ale człowieka do narodu”. W innej przedmowie do tej książki pisarz zauważa: „Bo przecież Polska składa się z Polaków... Cóż wart jest naród złożony z ludzi sfałszowanych i zredukowanych? Z ludzi, którzy nie mogą pozwolić sobie na żaden szczerszy, swobodniejszy odruch z obawy, by im się ten naród nie rozpadł?”. Dlatego właśnie pozwolę sobie na niezwykle wąskie potraktowanie tematu, które wydaje mi się ważne, a podczas rozmów o twórczości Gombrowicza jakoś w naszym kraju umyka. Tematem tego eseju będzie bowiem przede wszystkim homofobia, nasza własna i polska.
Problematyka (nie)męskości w procesie psychoterapii
Authors: Kobryn Mateusz
Published: September 2021

The author tries to demonstrate the relations between sociological concepts of constructing men’s gender identity and the theory and practice of psychoanalytic psychotherapy. The complexity of the processes (intra-individual and social), in which a man recognizes his gender identity and sexual orientation, causes many theoretical and practical problems which require an interdisciplinary analysis. The article presents the dilemmas associated with different variants of modern man's gender identity and the difficulties for psychotherapists to negotiate them. The author points to the potential of sociological theories calling for the rejection of the category of biological sex, which can serve as inspiration for psychotherapists working with individuals being outside the common scheme of sexuality and gender.
Searching for a new quality – queer, gender and economics
Authors: Skóra Maria
Published: September 2021

This article aims at pointing out two fundamental biases of contemporary economics and analyzing their consequences for constructing a vision of reality. Both androcentrism and heteronormativity not only prevent scholars from capturing the variety of social praxis, but also reproduce structures of domination and petrify discrimination areas. Methodological individualism reduces economical phenomena to the individual level, remaining blind to the wider socio-cultural conditions influencing human motivations and actions, especially in the face of limited commodities supply. Hence the questions: What could be the role of queer and gender studies for the development of economic sciences? Why not tackle economic issues also from a queer perspective?
Who’s Renting These Boys? Wiktor Grodecki’s Czech Hustler Documentaries
Authors: Moss Kevin
Published: September 2021

As controls on sex, sexuality, and capitalism relaxed in the former Warsaw Pact countries after 1989, pornography and prostitution flourished. The main center of both industries in the 90s in Centra land Eastern Europe was Prague, which also became the favored destination of Westerners eager to explore the "new Paris."Gay porn and male prostitutes were among Prague's attractions. As the Westernmost outpost of the Slavic world, Prague had always had a special place in the Orientalist construct of Eastern Europe. West of Berlin and Vienna, Prague was nevertheless perceived as the East by its German-speaking neighbors. As I have shown elsewhere, conservatives in Eastern Europe regularly conflated sexual dissidence with political dissidence. Valentin Rasputin, for example, said of homosexuality, "That kind of contact between men is a foreign import. If they feel their rights are infringed they can always go and live in another country." A similar reaction to gay pornography and prostitution in Prague can be found in the films of Wiktor Grodecki. Wiktor Grodecki is a Pole who studied film in the US, then returned to Poland in 1992. His three films about Czech rent boys, Not Angels,but Angels (Andělé nejsou andělé 1994), Bodywithout Soul (Tělo bez duše1996), and Mandragora (1997) purport to be objective, honest documentaries in which (in the language of the video box) the boys'' "frankness and need to talk become the engine that drivesthe film." In reality, Grodecki's films are both highly manipulated and highly manipulative in ways that serve to enforce "normal" sexuality while demonizing various "abnormal" sexual practices. At the same time they portray these practices as an import from the colonizing capitalist West.
Polityka tożsamościowa organizacji gejowsko-lesbijskich w Polsce a polityka „queer”
Authors: Majka Rafał
Published: September 2021

The article is an attempt to critically investigate, from the perspective of queer politics and postmodern philosophy, some of the linguistic strategies and political and social tools which Polish gay and lesbian organizations utilize to culturally emancipate "gay” and "lesbian” identities and to legitimize them in the social and legal realities. The article shows the ways in which identity politics cuts non-normative sexuality down to the conservative, heteronormative identity contours so as to include such a "normal,” "adapted” self (as a liberal subject) in the social and political status quo of the Polish (nation-)state. The author critically reflects on the results/drawbacks of such emancipatory practices in case of those identity narratives, or queer sexualities, that go beyond the ontological framework of the liberal identity constructs of the "gay” and the "lesbian.” The article also examines the discourse of the civil relationship for same-sex couples in the mainstream discourse of such gay and lesbian organizations as Fundacja Równości [Equality Foundation], Kampania Przeciw Homfobii [Campaign Against Homophobia], and G&L "elites,” arguing that the idea of marriage, or civil relationship, of two "gays” or "lesbians” proves conservative and discriminatory, because it excludes the social value or system usefulness of a great number of different, other-ed interpersonal relations, sexual positionings, or ideas for a relationship.
A Queer Strategy of Equivocation: The destabilisation of normative heterosexuality and the rigid binary gender order
Authors: Engel Antke
Published: September 2021

The critique of identity politics has opened up a sceptical attitude towards normative categories and demands for the coherence and stability of sex, gender and sexuality. At the same time reflections on mechanisms of exclusion within emancipatory movements and politics have also gained attention. Thus, not only (hetero-)sexism and homophobia, but also discriminations pertaining to the rigid binary gender order as well as racist discrimination are issues of importance to queer politics. Considering the critique of identity or minority politics, I have come to the conclusion that rather than to proliferate or to dissolve categories of sex, gender and sexuality, it is more promising to render them ambiguous: that is what I call a queer strategy of equivocation. Nevertheless sexual ambiguity is not progressive or liberating in itself. Instead, we have to realize that queer/feminist struggles against normative identities, a destabilization of binary, heterosexual norms or new forms of gendered or sexual existence are quite compatible with the quest for individualization put forth by neo-liberal forms of domination. Therefore, a strategy of equivocation should include the fight against social hierarchies, inequalities, and normalizations. The task is to consider simultaneously the working of and the intervention into different mechanisms of power; normalizations and hierarchizations, inclusions and exclusions work together, but not always in the same direction or without contradictions.
The Queer Paradox of LGBTI Human Rights
Authors: Thoreson Ryan Richard
Published: September 2021

„Queerowy paradoks projektu praw człowieka LGBTI” Na przestrzeni ostatniego półtora roku kwestia praw człowieka społeczności LGBTI znalazła się w centrum uwagi ze względu na wprowadzenie drakońskiej ustawy antyhomoseksualnej w Ugandzie, jak również aresztowanie i skazanie, choć później ułaskawienie Tionga Chimbalangi oraz Stevena Monjeza w Malawii. Wydarzenia te, jak świadczą dowody, stworzyły przestrzeń dla osób LGBTI (poparcie dla społeczności LGBTI w Ugandzie, choć małe, ale zalicza się do najwyższych w Afryce), jednak stało się to kosztem odmieńczości osób LGBTI, którą zanegowano, a sięgając po retorykę zasadzającą się na rodzinie, wierze oraz obywatelstwie, aktywistycznie podkreślono wagę asymilacji osób LGBTI do społecznego ciała Afryki. W niniejszym artykule autor bada możliwości oraz ograniczenia projektu praw człowieka jako formy queerowej pozytywności. Opierając się na wynikach etnograficznej pracy w terenie, którą na przestrzeni roku przeprowadził w Międzynarodowej Gejowsko-Lesbijskiej Komisji Praw Człowieka (IGLHRC) w Nowym Jorku oraz w Cape Town, jak i koncentrując się na aktywizmie w Ugandzie i Malawi, autor przygląda się prawom człowieka społeczności LGBTI jako projektowi, który z jednej strony ma potencjał squeerowania rozumienia człowieka, obywatela oraz prawa, z drugiej natomiast wiąże się z ryzykiem homogenizacji czy też wymazania form queerowej seksualnej podmiotowości. Zdaniem autora, aktywizm związany z wyżej zarysowanymi przypadkami z Ugandy i Malawi obrazuje to, co nazywa on queerowym paradoksem projektu praw człowieka społeczności LGBTI – niemożliwością wypracowania transhistorycznej lub transnarodowej queerowej solidarności z uwagi na to, że działania, które w jednym miejscu mogą być czytane jako queer i transgresyjne, w innym uważane będą za normatywne czy wręcz hegemoniczne. Wniosek, który autor sugeruje, jest taki, że problem, jaki queerowe aktywistki i queerowi aktywiści mają z prawami człowieka społeczności LGBTI, nie tkwi tylko w tym, że prawa człowieka są projektem na wskroś hegemonicznym i heteropatriarchalnym, ale że stanowią one również punkt graniczny, w którym to, co jest queer, mówi w poprzek granic i gdzie to, co uchodzi za „queer” w teorii queer jest kwestionowane i negocjowane. Jako taki projekt praw człowieka jawi się więc jako przestrzeń, której odmieńcy nie powinni tylko krytykować, ale muszą się nią konstruktywnie zajmować.
At What Price the Media Spotlight?
Authors: Land Julie
Published: September 2021

The essay looks at the LGBT/Queer movement in the United States during the late 1980s and early 1990s. During this time, when AIDS activism was at its peak, began a number of processes, which continue to have an effect on the LGBT and Queer movements in the USA. Through an analysis of the New York Times' coverage of ACT UP (AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power), one can observe the process through which media certified a certain type of activism (mainly lobbying, court cases) as 'grown up' and 'effective', and direct action (protests, visibility actions, etc.) as 'childish'. At the same time, the more conservative strands of the gay/lesbian movement began to eschew more radical groups like ACT UP and Queer Nation, even though it was these groups that breathed new life into the movement during the AIDS crisis. I argue that, since this time, one can see the development of two distinct movements in the US (though they are often thought of as one): the gay movement and the Queer movement.
Towards a Philosophy of Queer Alterity. Faith and Democracy
Authors: Kitliński Tomek , Leszkowicz Paweł
Published: September 2021

The text is an intervention in post-secularist and anti-fundamentalist philosophy of affective alterity. It attempts to reconstruct the philosophical tradition of affective alterity and to construct a theory of it. Homosexuality is affective alterity, the other love of Thou and I. We explore dynamic religions in their openness to the Other. Emphasis is on Judaism and the "Love the stranger" postulate in the Hebrew Bible; we go back to biblical and rabbinical literature as well as Erich Fromm's and Julia Kristeva's psychoanalytic interpretations of them. The idea of hospitality, rooted in the Bible and the Koran, was revived by Jacques Derrida, Julia Kristeva, Griselda Pollock, and Geoffrey H. Hartman. It is of urgent importance in Poland where fundamentalist misogyny and homophobia increase. In our paper, queer rights are examined as human rights - and this is again pertinent in Eastern Europe. The methodology of the intersection of cultural analysis and Jewish studies here are inspired by Mieke Bal and Ernst van Alphen. The particular connection between Jewishness and queerness is stressed by Daniel Boyarin, Ann Pellegrini and Alisa Solomon; as we write, it is to be found in today's Poland in the Shterndlech Iton Babel magazine, published by the younger generation. Also, the feminist studies of Maria Janion, Kazimiera Szczuka and Bozena Uminska are of significance here. We end with visual culture productions: the queer or omni-sexual art exhibition against nationalist censorship Love and Democracy, curated by Pawel Leszkowicz in Poznan (2005), and in Gdansk (2006). Throughout the paper we propose our understanding of love. The text whose part is entitled "Faith and Democracy" is a sequel to our Polish-language book Love and Democracy. Reflexions on the Homosexual Question in Poland (2005) with an extensive English summary. Our loves, our subjectivities are despised and disrespected, but created in art, philosophical research, and activism. Let us exercise (in) love.