bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FILSAFAT AKHLAK DALAM KONTEKS PEMIKIRAN ETIKA MODEREN
Authors: Talibo Ishak , Hasan Faradila
Published: June 2020

This article discusses moral philosophy in the context of modern ethical thought. The currents that the authors mean are various ethical value systems introduced by several critical thinkers who have long colored the world from the Greek era to our present time. The method used in this research is library research. Greek philosophers perceive morals as something that is fitri, which will exist with the existence of man himself from the results he obtained based on pure logic without undergoing change and is permanent because it has been owned since birth. But in general, they do not have a standardized agreement because they are extracted based on the power of thought related to the conditions of their residence and experience. Muslim philosophers perceive that morals are basic traits that are firmly planted and color the behavior of a person with these basic qualities and then spontaneous treatment appears without going through thought or prolonged consideration.Keywords: Philosophy; Morality; modern ethics. Artikel ini membahas filsafat akhlak dalam konteks pemikiran etika moderen. Arus yang penulis maksudkan adalah berbagai sistem nilai etika yang diperkenalkan oleh beberapa tokoh pemikir kritis yang sudah sejak lama mewarnai dunia mulai zaman Yunani sampai pada masa kita sekarang ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah library research. Filosof Yunani mempersepsikan akhlak sebagai sesuatu yang fitri, yang akan ada dengan adanya manusia sendiri dari hasil yang di dapatnya berdasar logika murni tanpa mengalami perubahan dan bersifat tetap karena telah dimiliki sejak lahir. Namun secara umum mereka belum memiliki ukuran kesepakatan yang baku karena di gali berdasarkan kekuatan pikir terkait dengan kondisi tempta tinggal serta pengalaman mereka. Filosof Muslim mempersepsikan bahwa akhlak merupakan sifat-sifat dasar yang tertanam kokoh dan mewarnai tingkah laku seseorang dengan sifat-sifat dasar tersebut kemudian muncul perlakuan spontan tanpa melalui pemikiran atau pertimbangan yang berkepanjangan.Kata kunci: Filsafat; Akhlak; etika modern.
EVALUASI DAN STRATEGI MENARIK INVESTASI DI KABUPATEN GARUT : ANALISIS INCREMENTAL CAPITAL OUTPUT RATIO DAN SWOT
Authors: Wikantioso Wikantioso
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi produktifitas dan efisiensi investasi di Kabupaten Garut menggunakan metode Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) untuk melengkapi identifikasi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman yang dihadapi guna menyusun strategi untuk menarik investasi dengan analisis SWOT. Berdasarkan ICOR metode standar menunjukan bahwa investasi di Kabupaten Garut membutuhkan time lag 4 tahun agar investasi mencapai full capacity. Hasil perhitungan ICOR menunjukan bahwa produktifitas dan efisiensi investasi masih rendah. Sedangkan berdasarkan analisis SWOT diperoleh bahwa pembangunan kualitas infrastruktur, tenaga kerja, institusi yang baik, dan intensifikasi pemasaran investasi perlu mendapatkan prioritas utama dalam agenda pembangunan untuk menarik dan memperbaiki produktifitas dan efisiensi investasi di Kabupaten Garut.Kata kunci : PDRB, Investasi, ICOR, dan Analisis SWOT
RE-ORGANISASI BADAN USAHA MILIK DAERAH: UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN DAERAH
Authors: MUHAMMAD ADJI SURADJI , Irman Irman , Husna Asmaul , Suswaini Eka
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana re-organisasi yang harus dilakukan oleh PT. Tanjungpinang Makmur Bersama sebagai Badan Usaha Milik Daerah. Sejak berdiri tahun 2010, PT. Tanjungpinang Makmur Bersama belum mampu memberikan kontribusi maksimal kepada Kota Tanjungpinang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada PT. Tanjungpinang Makmur Bersama sebagai Badan Usaha Milik Daerah Kota Tanjungpinang. Melalui wawancara mendalam, penelusuran dokumen dan observasi serta diskusi kelompok terpumpun maka data yang didapat selanjutnya diolah untuk dianalisis. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa PT. Tanjungpinang Makmur Bersama sejak berdiri hingga 2019 belum mampu menjalankan misi yang diembannya secara optimal. Diperlukan re-organisasi dalam menjalankan misi yang demban oleh PT. Tanjungpinang Makmur Bersama agar mampu memberikan hasil yang maksimal sebagaimana yang diamanatkan oleh Pemerintah Kota Tanjungpinang. Kata Kunci: re-organisasi, BUMD, kemandirian daerah
Tuber luomae , a new spiny-spored truffle species from the Pacific Northwest, USA
Authors: Eberhart J. , Trappe J. , Páez C. Piña , Bonito G.
Published: June 2020

Tuber luomae, a new truffle species known only from the Pacific Northwest, USA, is distinguished by spiny, nonreticulate spores and a two-layered peridium — the outermost layer (pellis) consists of inflated, globose to subpolygonal cells and the inner (subpellis) of narrow
hyphae. ITS sequence analyses show that it has phylogenetic affinity to other Tuber species in the Rufum clade. The only other members of the Rufum clade with a strongly developed peridiopellis of large, inflated cells are the southern European T. malacodermum and T. pustulatum
and the northern Mexican T. theleascum. We find it interesting that this peridial structure that is uncommon in the Rufum clade has been found in geographically disjunct species.
Expert opinion regarding the prevalence, health risks, obesogenic environment determinants and public health strategies on obesity. What are we still doing wrong?
Authors: Anca Pop , Onisei Tatiana , Varlas Valentin , Nasui Bogdana A.
Published: June 2020

The overweight and obesity, as well as their related noncommunicable diseases are preventable through lifestyle changes targeted in public health actions - but unfortunately with little or no success until now. In the present work we analysed the most important actual studies in the field - in order to provide and recommend updated strategies to target efficiently the public health objectives. We identified four main topics of high importance in the current approach towards obesity: (1) the increasing prevalence and multiple health consequences (2) current public health (PH) strategies for risk factor reduction and obesity prevention (3) the influence of the obesogenic environment on individual behavior (4) recent data on weight loss and weight loss maintenance programs. A new approach is needed towards the (1) causative factors; (2) public health measures addressed precise to the remarkable regional differences in obesity prevalence and trends drives from the ethio-patogenic factors and PH recommendations – most of them related to nutrition patterns and food quality – all together with lifestyle and environment measures.
COVID 19 – A COMPRENSIVE MATHEMATICAL APPROACH
Authors: DATTA JAYDIP
Published: June 2020

In this approach we will summarise the the last three publications highlighting the key mathematicalapproach like Exponential F ( x ) to further exponential –Gaussian F ( x ) and finally the Linear Combination of Atomic Orbital ( LCAO ) ie a hybridised Sp orbital overlapping to Remdesivir ( Drug ) –Covid19 approach.
Gravity Induced Anomalies Smearing in Standard Model so that Protons May Never Decay, Except in Black Holes
Authors: Maes Stephane
Published: June 2020

Gravity is not modeled in the Standard Model. The Proton decay, predicted by many GUTs, TOEs, supersymmetry, supergravity theories and superstrings, is forbidden in the Standard Model because the proton is the lightest baryon and the conservation of the lepton and baryon numbers would be violated. In New Physics beyond the Standard Model, such violations could be tolerated because the baryon and lepton number symmetries have chirality anomalies. We discuss that in a multi-fold universe, where gravity emerges from entanglement effects, or in a universe where gravity is strong enough to cause chirality flips of fermions, these anomalies are smeared so that the baryon and lepton symmetries could be no more anomalous, and conservation of the baryon and lepton numbers could be seen as stricter. As a result, proton decay could remain forbidden, except when gravity is extreme. It has significant consequences for theories predicting proton decay but matches the total lack of any proton decay observation so far.
The Brabant Study: design of a large prospective perinatal cohort study among pregnant women investigating obstetric outcome from a biopsychosocial perspective
Authors: Meems Margreet , Hulsbosch Lianne , Hendricx-Riem Madelon , Meyers Christina , Pronk Tila M. , Broeren Maarten , Nabbe Karin , Oei Guid , Bogaerts Stefan , Pop Victor
Published: June 2020

Background: Pregnancy is characterized by many biological and psychosocial changes. Adequate maternal thyroid function is important for the developing fetus throughout gestation. Latent class analyses (LCA) (including three consecutive trimester assessments) recently showed new insights into changes of thyroid function in relation to obstetric outcome. Furthermore, maternal distress during pregnancy (anxiety and depression) negatively affects obstetric outcome. Pregnancy distress in turn may be affected by personality traits and attachment styles. Moreover, during pregnancy, substantial social changes occur in the partner relationship and work experience. The aim of the Brabant Study is to investigate the association between thyroid function trajectories and obstetric outcomes. Moreover, within the Brabant Study, we will investigate how different trajectories of pregnancy distress are related to obstetric outcome, and the role of personality in this association. We will evaluate the possible role of maternal distress and attachment style on maternal-fetal bonding. Finally, we will study social changes in the perinatal period regarding partner relationship and well-being and performance at work. Methods and analysis: The Brabant Study is a longitudinal, prospective cohort study of an anticipated 4000 pregnant women. Women will be recruited at 8-10 weeks gestation among community midwife practices in South-East Brabant in the Netherlands. Thyroid hormone levels (TSH and fT4), TPO-Ab and hCG will be assessed at 12, 20 and 28 weeks gestation. Moreover, at these three time points women will fill out questionnaires assessing demographic and obstetric features, life style habits and psychological and social variables, such as depressive symptoms, personality, partner relationship quality and burnout. Data from the obstetric records will also be collected. Ethics and dissemination: The study has been approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of the Máxima Medical Center Veldhoven. Results will be submitted to peer reviewed journals in the relevant fields and presented on national and international conferences. Strengths and limitations of this study•Prospective design with three measurements of both biological and psychological variables during pregnancy which enables the use of Latent Class Analysis;•A multi-factorial approach;•A large sample size;•Use of self-report with validated questionnaires instead of interviews.
ما هو السيكوسوماتيك التحليلي النفسي
Authors: Rudwan Samer Jamil
Published: June 2020

ما هو السيكوسوماتيك التحليلي النفسي؟العرض الحالي عبارة عن محاولة لتوحيد مجموعة من المفاهيم المربكة النفسية الجسدية التي تطورت حتى الآن. ومن أجل تحقيق هذا الغرض تم تجميع الجوانب المختلفة ومناهج البحث حول خمسة مواضيع رئيسية ، مع الأخذ في الاعتبار التطور النظري للتحليل النفسي من الدافع إلى الأنا التحليل النفسي ومن الفرد إلى الاجتماعي – التحليلي النفسي:1.المشاكل المتعلقة بالنزاع - سياق الأعراض.2.هيكل الأنا.3.العلاقة مع الأشياء.4.الروابط الشخصية.5.الترابط الاجتماعي النفسي في الاضطرابات النفسية الجسدية.وبهذا الشكل يمكن استخدام العديد من نماذج التحليل النفسي الجسدي في شكل لوحة مختلفة من الإجابات على المشاكل الإكلينيكية الأساسية. ويتيح هذا إجراء فحص نفسي تشخيصي متمركز حول المريض والمكيف مع الحالة السائدة في الحالات الفردية، ويتجاوز أي تشخيص يعتمد فقط على فحص أنماط الاضطراب. وفي الختام، تم إثبات ذلك - وإن كان ذلك بطريقة مبسطة للغاية - من خلال الجدولة التخطيطية.الكلمات المفتاحيةالتحليل النفسي الجسدي - الاضطرابات النفسية الجسدية.
Sanded FEP Films as Interface Layers in Inverted Vat Polymerization Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Kondo Hironori
Published: June 2020

Contemporary three-dimensional printing, also referred to as additive manufacturing, has been popular for rapid prototyping due to its capacity for relatively facile design iteration and low investment per prototype. Object fabrication speeds, however, have lagged behind other manufacturing technologies, and existing approaches for accelerating the printing process are limited in their applicability and accessibility. This work explores the viability of using sanded FEP films as resin-irradiation window interface layers in inverted vat polymerization additive manufacturing for reducing layer separation requirements and expediting the printing process. The effects of sanding FEP films on the equilibrium contact angle of commercial vat polymerization resin on the FEP films are investigated, and the forces required to separate cured resin from the FEP films in a simulated inverted vat polymerization setup are explored. Scanning electron microscopy is used to reveal the effects of wear on these sanded surfaces. The findings of this work offer insight into methods for dramatically accelerating existing additive manufacturing and vat polymerization systems.
Judgments of Businesspeople Who Shake Hands in the Era of COVID-19
Authors: Rosenfeld Daniel L. , Tomiyama A. Janet
Published: June 2020

Traditionally, handshaking has conferred benefits for businesspeople—signaling politeness, establishing an intention to cooperate, and promoting deal-making. How might the psychological meaning of handshaking have shifted due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which led handshaking to become touted as an imminent threat to public health? Through a highly powered, preregistered study (N = 595), we compared U.S. adults’ perceptions of a businessperson who shakes hands vs. refrains from shaking hands during the era of COVID-19. Participants judged handshakers more negatively than non-handshakers, in terms of both global attitude toward them (d = 2.21) and approval of their job performance (d = 2.66). Mediation analyses suggest that businesspeople were judged negatively for shaking hands principally because doing so made them seem less competent and less moral. Judgments of handshaking were more negative among liberals than conservatives and among women than men. To maximize others’ perceptions of them, it would behoove businesspeople to refrain from shaking hands for the foreseeable future. The months and years ahead may be an unprecedented time to rediscover the psychology of handshaking and its role in the workplace.
Registered Reports with Developmental and Secondary Data: Some Brief Observations and Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Syed Moin , Donnellan Brent
Published: June 2020

Registered reports are a relatively new type of journal article format in which the decision to publish an article is based on sound conceptualization, methods, and planned analyses, rather than the specific nature of the results. Registered reports are becoming increasingly instituted in journals across the sciences, but mostly in experimental contexts. Relatively few of these journals pertain directly to developmental research with adolescents, emerging adults, and adults, which tend to use more complex methods, or at least methods that involve a greater degree of flexibility. This article describes lessons learned through editing a special issue focused on registered reports based on analyses of a single existing dataset, the Emerging Adulthood Measured and Multiple Institutions 2 project. These observations should be helpful for researchers interested in preparing registered report submissions using developmental and secondary data.
Exploring reliability heterogeneity with multiverse analyses: Data processing decisions unpredictably influence measurement reliability
Authors: Parsons Sam
Published: June 2020

Analytic flexibility is known to influence the results of statistical tests, e.g. effect sizes and p-values. Yet, the degree to which flexibility in data processing decisions influences measurement reliability is unknown. In this paper I attempt to address this question using a series of 36 reliability multiverse analyses, each with 288 data processing specifications, including accuracy and response time cut-offs. I used data from a Stroop task and Flanker task at two time points, as well as a Dot Probe task across three stimuli conditions and three timepoints. This allowed for broad overview of internal consistency reliability and test-retest estimates across a multiverse of data processing specifications. Largely arbitrary decisions in data processing led to differences between the highest and lowest reliability estimate of at least 0.2, but potentially exceeding 0.7. Importantly, there was no consistent pattern in reliability estimates resulting from the data processing specifications, across time as well as tasks. Together, data processing decisions are highly influential, and largely unpredictable, on measure reliability. I discuss actions researchers could take to mitigate some of the influence of reliability heterogeneity, including adopting hierarchical modelling approaches. Yet, there are no approaches that can completely save us from measurement error. Measurement matters and I call on readers to help us move from what could be a measurement crisis towards a measurement revolution.
Gender stereotypes about leadership in early childhood
Authors: Mandalaywala Tara M , Rhodes Marjorie
Published: June 2020

Women are underrepresented in positions of power – a pattern partly explained by pervasive stereotypes about who should be leaders. How do the beliefs underlying gender disparities in leadership develop? This study revealed that gender stereotypes influence children’s (3.5-6.9 years; N = 185) decisions about who should be leaders: Girls asked to pick someone to lead were less likely to choose a girl than were girls asked to choose someone to work on a team, whereas boys were equally likely to select a boy for either type of role. Yet, there were no gender differences in children’s interest in leadership or beliefs about their own leadership potential. These findings indicate that gender disparities in advancement may begin with the acquisition of gender stereotypes about who should lead.
Identification of High-Risk Pregnancies by Maternal Serum Alfa Fetoprotein
Authors: Ganesh Babu T. Eswar , Mastan S.A. , Sowjanya M. Sai , Rajesh G. , Harshitha K. , Madhavi A. , Haritha U. , Sindhulekha B. , Babu P. Sivanarendra
Published: June 2020

Alfa- Feto- protein (AFP) is a protein produced by the baby in the womb. The protein is normally found in the blood stream of the mother, which tends to be elevated or lowered in the blood of the women carrying babies with certain abnormalities it is an Albumin like glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 70,000 D. Is a formed in the yolk sac. Non differential liver cells and the fetal gastro- intestinal tract. Elevated MSAFP levels have also been associated with Chromosome abnormalities, Omphalocele and gastroschisis and rarely congenital, additionally elevated MS AFP levels have associated with an increased risk for adverse perinatal out comes including preeclampsia, premature labor, low birth weight, placental abruption and stillbirth.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 231-234
Trend of Biotechnology Applications in Pest Management: A Review
Authors: Alemu Melaku
Published: June 2020

There are many constraints that severely affect the global agricultural production and productivity which include the ever increasing of population growth, degradation of natural resources, climate changes and emerging pests. Among these factors, biotic constraints or pests are known to cause 25-50% or complete loss of plant production. Accordingly, various plant protection technologies have been deployed with the trend of focusing on the use modern biotechnological tools that are proven to be most effective and mandatory. The review covers a wide array of pest management methods ranging from the conventional biological control methods up to molecular breeding techniques. Furthermore, the application of new genetic engineering techniques fueled by new breakthroughs and innovations are the cornerstone of this review. Accordingly, the continuous increasing trend of GM crops cultivation in both crop type and hectare has urged many countries to deploy the technology as a key strategy to enhance their bioeconomy. In fact, plant protection is the discipline that immensely benefit from biotechnology than any other disciplines for ensuring food security and sustainable development. However, in order to fully exploit the enormous potential of biotechnology, appropriate biosafety regulatory frameworks and proper stewardship programs need to be effectively implemented. This integrated approach can promptly help respond to the ever-dynamic threat of pests and hence reliably combat food insecurity and ably contribute to sustainable development.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 108-131
Resource use efficiency of banana production and impact of insurance scheme adoption on banana farming in Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Dulal Sunil , Kattel Rishi Ram
Published: June 2020

Eastern Chitwan of Nepal is the major banana producing hub. Farmers were categorized as small, medium and large banana producers on the basis of their banana cultivated land. Majority of the large famers had purchased banana insurance scheme. Altogether 150 sample households were selected on the basis of purposive simple random sampling to assess the resource use efficiency of banana farming and impact of insurance adoption in eastern Chitwan of Nepal in 2017. The primary data were collected by household survey using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire, key informant interview and focus group discussion. The field survey showed that 50.58 percent respondents were male with average family size was 6.04. Only 10 percent of the sampled households were headed by female. Around 36 percent farm households had insured their banana. The B:C ratio of banana farming was 2.18. The research revealed that the farmers had an experience decreasing return to scale in banana production. Land preparation, suckers, labor and chemical fertilizer were the main factors that positively determined whereas the manure, irrigation, pesticide, and micronutrient had have negatively affected on banana production. Adoption of insurance scheme on banana farming had have positive effect on production of banana. It was estimated that the gross return will be increased by 0.012 percent in a farmer who had done insurance. The sampled farm failed to show their efficiency in using resources in banana production. There was further opportunity to increase banana production using more land preparation, suckers, chemical fertilizers and labor.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 170-178
Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Bhagalpur Region
Authors: Verma R.K. , Singh H.N.P. , Thakur A.K. , Kohli S.J.
Published: June 2020

Medicinal and aromatic plants have been used since the time immortal in different parts on the world including India. Ayurveda provides a detailed insight of different medicinal plants and their use. Different regions of India have a array of different types of medicinal and aromatic herbs. Depending upon climate and soil they may have different degree of pharmacological importance. Lower Gangetic plane present at around eastern part of the Bihar has some sort of Medicinal and Aromatic plants common to Bhagalpur and nearby region. These plants were surveyed on non-agricultural fields of four different localities of Bhagalpur by using quardat method. Abundance, Counts, Cover, Frequency and relative importance were calculated as a whole. About 14 plants were recorded having either well known medicinal or aromatic properties in a total survey area of 1000m2.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 216-222
Molecular Characterization of Alkaline Protease Gene Isolated from Aeromonas hydrophila strain AH10
Authors: Babu N.G. Ramesh , Aji Anupa Mary
Published: June 2020

Alkaline protease enzymes are enzymes which can catalyze the process of proteolysis between the pH ranges from 8 to 12.  Extracellular alkaline proteases are used as additives in detergent powders. In the present study, source of the organism was from a detergent contaminated area. The study has been carried out in Aeromonas hydrophila AH10 strain that produces protease enzyme with an alkaline pH optimum. The organism was a gram-negative rod with a protease enzyme activity of 0.385 ml/min. purification of the protease enzyme from the bacteria was carried out. This protease is suitable for use in alkaline detergent powders as well as in silver recovery process. The Aeromonas hydrophila strain AH10 gene encoding this high-alkaline protease was cloned and characterized.  

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 154-160
Cloning and Expression of Leptospiral Immunoglobulin Like B Gene and Use of The Recombinant Antigen for The Diagnosis of Bovine and Caprine Leptospirosis
Authors: Deneke Yosef , Deb Rajib
Published: June 2020

In the present study recombinant LigB protein is employed in latex agglutination test, which is a cross reacting lipoprotein able to detect acute infection caused by any pathogenic leptospiral serovars. It was employed  for serodiagnosis of leptospirosis. The 46KDa 6X His tagged LigB protein, obtained by IPTG induction of recombinant E. coli M15 cells containing the N-terminal region of LigB gee in PQE30 expression vector, was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and adsorbed on latex bead surface for performing latex agglutination test against Leptospirosis suspected field sea. Western blot confirmed that rLigB is an immunodominant protein against which antibodies are produced during active infection. A total of 453 field sera, including 432 bovine sera, 18 caprine sera and three sera samples of buffalo bull collected post-mortem following death the animal from Indian Veterinary Research institute (IVRI) were tested using rLigB based LAT. The result showed that 300 sera were tested positive by rLigB based LAT, which were reconfirmed using microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The results from LAT were in concordance with MAT. In conclusion, under laboratory and field conditions, rLigB based LAT is a rapid, pen site, reliable diagnostic tool of high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of Leptospirosis.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 146-153
Evaluation of Microbial Pathogens for Management of Legume Pod Borer, Maruca vitrata F. in Yard Long Bean Ecosystem
Authors: Ahmed RN , Uddin MM , Haque MA , Ahmed KS
Published: June 2020

Bean pod borer, Maruca vitrata is a serious pest of bean which causes serious yield loss of bean and other leguminous crops. To evaluate the field efficacy of two microbial pathogens for the management of legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata F an experiment was carried out in the field laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during kharif season in 2016 on yard long bean plants. Entomopathogens viz. Bacillus thuringiensis and Beauveria bassiana were used @ 0.50, 1.00 & 1.50 g/L and 0.25, 0.50 & 0.75 g/L, respectively to conduct the experiment. These two entomopathogens showed significant effect on the management of bean pod borer in comparison to untreated control in the field in decreasing the flower  (22.02, 29.72, 33.35%  and 16.16, 24.26, 30.05% by Bt & Bb, respectively) and pod infestation  (16.45, 25.69, 31.93%  and 10.73, 21.57, 28.04% by Bt & Bb, respectively). These two pathogens showed a significant effect on the yield with increasing pod yield 10.65, 20.32, 26.25% and 7.69, 14.58, 21.79% by Bt & Bb, respectively of yard long bean. Besides, these both the two entomopathogens were almost similar to the effect of a widely used chemical insecticide Nitro 505 EC in managing pod borer in the field.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 199-204
Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes under Timely and Late Sowing Conditions
Authors: Poudel Padam Bahadur , Jaishi Uttam Kumar , Poudel Laxmi , Poudel Mukti Ram
Published: June 2020

A field experiment was conducted at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Bhairahawa during winter season of 2019/2020 to find out the performance of wheat genotypes under timely sown (November 29, 2019) and late sown (December 25, 2019) conditions. The research was carried out in two environments (timely sown and late sown) following alpha lattice design with two replications. Each replication consists of five blocks with four plots in each block. The results revealed that all genotypes performance was decreased in late sowing environment. In late sown condition, there was significant difference among genotypes for all the traits under study and under timely sown condition, there was significant difference among genotype for all traits under study except weight of grains per spike and grain yield. The maximum yield was recorded in NL 1179 and Bhirkuti in timely and late sown conditions respectively. It was found that the mean grain yield in timely sown condition is 90.77 % higher than in late sown condition. The maximum grain yield was recorded in NL 1179 across combine environment.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 161-169
The Feeding Potential of Greater Wax Moth (Galleria melonella) in Different Gauzes of Plastics
Authors: Dhakal Sulav , Panthi Susmita , Khanal Bimala Kumari , Pandey Laxmi , Bhattarai Shiva Shankar
Published: June 2020

Greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella), the honey comb moth, is the member of family pyralidae, considered as the serious pest of the bee industry, is also known for its plastics digesting ability. This research was carried out in two phases in the month of September- October & December- January. The data on change in weight of the plastics using digital balance and area of plastic consumed by the larvae was taken for 30 and 15 consecutive days in winter and summer respectively. From the statistical analysis the results found out; 8.4 mg, 2.4 mg & 1.6mg mean change in weight in the treatment T1, T2, T3 respectively; that the area of plastic consumed by the larvae was higher in plastics of 200 gauze i.e. smaller the gauze of plastic, greater the area consumed.  The study revealed the similar change in weight of plastics within the range of 300-500 gauze which was lower than the change in weight of the natural feed, wax. Higher rate of plastic feeding was observed in summer as compared to winter.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 235-240
Assessment Practices in Mathematics Courses: Towards Dialectical Positioning
Authors: Acharya Bed Raj
Published: June 2020

This article aims to explore the perception and practices of mathematics teachers on assessment system in mathematics courses. I adopted interpretive research approach. Three schools each from Gorkha, Nuwakot and Kaski district were selected for study.  Six students, three teachers, three head teachers, and three resource persons were the interviewees of the study. I observed classrooms and conducted FGDs for collecting textual information. The data was generated from these different sources of each school have been verified and critically analyzed through triangulation and generate themes. It was found that, existing assessment practices were formative assessments such as project work, class work, and homework, attendance, unit test, remedial support, extracurricular activities, field visit, group discussion, weekly tests and use of summative evaluation as a formative assessment tool.
माध्यमिक तहमा सामाजिक अध्ययन शिक्षणको अवस्था
Authors: Sigdel Tej Prasad
Published: June 2020

मनिसलाई समय सापेक्ष तथा समाज सापेक्ष बनाउने शिक्षा नै सामाजिक शिक्षा अथात् सामाजिक अध्ययन हो । सामाजिक अध्ययन अन्तर्गत इतिहास, भूगोल, राजनितिशास्त्र, अर्थशास्त्र, समाजशास्त्र, मानवशास्त्र, संस्कृति, सामाजिक मनोविज्ञान, स्वास्थ्य, जनसख्या शिक्षा, समकालिन मुद्दाहरु तथा सामाजिक घटनाहरु, भाषा साहित्य आदि विषयहरु समावेश हुन्छन् । सामाजिक अध्ययनको आधार स्तम्भको रुपमा मानविय सम्बन्ध, समकालिन समाज तथा सामाजिक विज्ञानलाई लिने गरिन्छ । नेपालको सन्र्दभमा माध्यमिक शिक्षा पाठ्यक्रम २०५५ लागु भएपछि इतिहास, भूगोल, राजनीतिकशास्त्र, नागरिकशास्त्र तथा अर्थशास्त्र आदि बिषयका विषयवस्तुलाई समावेश गरी एकीकृत विषयको रुपमा सामाजिक अध्ययन विषयको पाठ्यक्रम निमार्ण गरी अनिवार्य विषयको रुपमा पठनपाठन हुदै आएको छ । यसरी एकीकृत पाठ्यक्रम अनुसार तयार पारिएको माध्यमिक तहको सामाजिक अध्ययन विषयको शिक्षण कार्य चुनौतिपूर्ण छ । यसै सन्र्दभमा माध्यमिक तहको सामाजिक अध्ययन विषय शिक्षणको लागि आवश्यक जनशक्ति उपलब्धताको अवस्था, शिक्षण सामग्रीको उपलब्धताको अवस्था तथा शैक्षिक उपलब्धिको अवस्था पत्ता लगाउने उद्देश्यले ४ वटा सामुदायिक माध्यमिक विद्यालय र ती विद्यालयका प्रधानाध्यापक तथा सामाजिक शिक्षकहरुलाई नमुनाको रुपमा छनोट गरी अन्तर्वार्ता प्रश्नावाली, रुजुसूची, अवलोकन तथा विद्यालयको अभिलेख अध्ययनको माध्यमबाट संकलित प्राथमिक तथ्याङ्कमा आधारित भएर यो लेख तयार पारिएको छ । यस लेखमा सामुदायिक माध्यमिक विद्यलयहरुमा सामाजिक अध्ययन विषय शिक्षण गर्नको लागि सामाजिक विज्ञान समुहबाट विशिष्टिकरण हासिल गरेका विषयगत शिक्षकहरु उपलब्ध नभएको, सामाजिक अध्ययन विषय शिक्षण गर्दा आवश्यक पर्ने शैक्षिक सामग्रीहरु विद्यालयमा पर्याप्त मात्रा उपलब्ध नभएका र उपलब्ध भएका कतिपय शिक्षण सामग्रीहरुको भौतिक अवस्था नाजुक र प्रयोगमा ल्याउन नसकिने अवस्थामा रहेका तथा एसइइ परीक्षामा अन्य अनिवार्य विषयको तुलनामा सामाजिक अध्ययन विषयको औसत प्राप्ताङ्क कम आउने गरेको र त्यसका विभिन्न कारणहरुमध्ये एउटा कारण विषयगत शिक्षक उपलब्ध नहुन पनि भएको निश्र्कष निकालिएको छ ।
Climate Change Adaptation Undertaken by Small-scale Farmers in Nepal: A Reference from Tinau River Basin
Authors: Khanal Ghanashyam
Published: June 2020

Background: Climate change is an emerging challenge that the global society will have to deal with over the coming decades. The task is particularly daunting to developing societies as they are considered more susceptible to climate change because of their exposures and sensitivities to climate-related extremes, and especially because of their restricted adaptive capabilities to deal with the effects of hazardous events.

Objectives: This research attempts to seek evidence of adaptation undertaken as a result of climate change-induced impacts and analyze the factors affecting the capability and strategies of climate change adaptation by small scale farmers in Nepal.

Methods: A descriptive cum correlational research design was employed in the study following a quantitative approach. Using a convenience sampling method, primary data for each variable was collected from 67 small scale farmers of Tinau River Basin located in the Western region of Nepal. 5-Point Likert Scale questions were prepared and pilot testing was conducted to collect the responses. Descriptive statistics, Kendall Rank Correlation and Cronbach’s Alpha (α) Test were used while analyzing the data and testing the hypotheses. The inferences were made at 5% and 1% level of significance.

Results: The findings indicate that the small scale farmers in the Tinau River Basin are experiencing the varied level of changes in climate. It revealed the existence of some barring factors for adaptation, further, insisting that farmers are prone to suffer from capability losses due to climate change.

Conclusion: The study concludes that small scale farmers are prone to suffer from capability losses due to climate change. Climate change effects are hampering their ability to cultivate the land, increasingly damaging their production, and causing lower yields of harvests.

Implications:  This study suggests that such influencing factors should be taken into prime consideration (while developing additional intervention) to enhance farmers’ capabilities to better cope with climate change effects; thus improving their adaptation measures for maintaining a flourishing relationship with the changing climate.
Digitalisierung des Fehlermanagements
Authors: Günther Robin , Schmitt Robert H.
Published: June 2020

Kurzfassung

Die systematische Nutzung des historischen Fehlerwissens bietet das Potenzial einer beschleunigten sowie nachhaltigen Abstellung von Produkt- und Prozessfehlern. Gerade für kleine Unternehmen sind die Digitalisierung sowie die Einführung moderner Analyseansätze aufgrund hoher Implementierungskosten und Anforderungen an die Infrastruktur eine große Herausforderung. Im Rahmen des IGF Verbundprojektes „LeaF – Learning Failure Management“ (AiF-Nr.: 19931N) wird die systematische Erfassung und Verarbeitung von relevanten Informationen zu Produkt- und Prozessfehlern erarbeitet.
Entwicklung digital vernetzter Produkte und Geschäftsmodelle
Authors: Kinkel Steffen , Cherubini Enrica , Kopp Tobias , Beiner Sebastian
Published: June 2020

Kurzfassung

Agile und offene Entwicklungsmethoden scheinen einen signifikant positiven Beitrag zur Fähigkeit der Unternehmen zu leisten, Umsätze mit digital vernetzten Produkten, Services oder Geschäftsmodellen zu generieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es bedenklich, dass deutsche Unternehmen bei der Nutzung dieser Methoden im Vergleich zu Unternehmen anderer Industrienationen zurückliegen. Dies wirkt sich folglich auch in unterdurchschnittlichen Umsätzen der deutschen Unternehmen mit intelligenten Produkten oder digital vernetzten Services und Geschäftsmodellen aus. Es könnte daher angezeigt sein, dass deutsche Unternehmen verstärkt agile und offene Entwicklungsmethoden nutzen sollten, um den Anschluss an die führenden Industrienationen in diesem Bereich nicht zu verlieren.
Effizienzsteigerung durch ideale Arbeitspläne
Authors: Strating Tom , Müller Maren , Stonis Malte
Published: June 2020

Kurzfassung

In vielen Unternehmen steigt der Anspruch an die Effizienz der unternehmenseigenen Prozesse, um aus den vorhandenen Kapazitäten den maximalen Nutzen herauszuholen. Dazu gehört u. a. das Vermeiden von Verschwendungen innerbetrieblicher Kapazitäten. Mit der Optimierung von Arbeitsplänen durch Anpassung des Detaillierungsgrads an die Bedürfnisse der Produktion kann bereits bei der Arbeitsvorbereitung ein wesentlicher Beitrag dazu geleistet werden. Eine Verbesserung der Informationsbereitstellung aufgrund eines optimal detaillierten Arbeitsplans kann sich positiv auf die Effizienz eines Unternehmens auswirken, indem nicht wertschöpfende Tätigkeiten reduziert werden.
A Novel Approach to Maintaining Normothermia in Major Spinal Deformity Surgery with an Esophageal Warming Device
Authors: McDonagh David L. , Mazal Alexander T. , Bagley Carlos A. , McDonagh David L. , Davies Matthew T. , Davenport Owen R.
Published: June 2020

Maintenance of normothermia is a priority during major spinal deformity surgery. However, this is difficult
due to the large body surface area exposed to ambient temperatures. We report the novel use of an
esophageal warming device, added to standard care, to maintain normothermia in three patients. We
conclude that esophageal warming is feasible in major spine surgery with no apparent complications. Safety
and efficacy, as compared to standard warming devices, will need to be determined in future prospective
trials.
Pneumomediastinum Secondary to Acute Emphysematous Pyelonephritis
Authors: Buicko Jessica , Lopez Anne M. , Buicko Jessica , Ashouri Kenan B. , Lopez Michael A. , Lopez-Viego Miguel A.
Published: June 2020

Pneumomediastinum is a clinical and radiographic finding that is associated with a wide range of acute
processes that allow gas to disseminate through the tissues of mediastinum that often necessitates prompt
consideration for thoracic intervention. In some circumstances, pneumomediastinum may arise from
processes extrinsic to the thoracic cavity and is a secondary process arising from a primary retropharyngeal
or retroperitoneal etiology. Acute emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare and severe infectious disease of
the kidney associated with a very high mortality rate. We report a case of advanced emphysematous
pyelonephritis presenting with pneumomediastinum successfully treated with simple nephrectomy in the
absence of any direct mediastinal intervention.
Desmoplastic Ameloblastoma with Prominent Osteoplasia (Osteoplastic Ameloblastoma) as a Recurrence after 14 Years: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Desai Rajiv S. , Jena Abinashi , Karjodkar Freny R , Andrade Neelam N. , Desai Rajiv S.
Published: June 2020

Background: Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumor arising from the odontogenic
epithelium and is known for its distinct aggressive clinical behaviour and characteristic histologic picture.
Very few cases of desmoplastic ameloblastoma with prominent osteoplasia (osteoplastic ameloblastoma)
exhibiting formation of metaplastic bone trabeculae rimmed by active osteoblasts have been described.
Case Presentation: We report an interesting case of desmoplastic ameloblastoma with prominent
osteoplasia (osteoplastic ameloblastoma) in a 38-year-old male presented as a recurrence after 14 years in
the anterior mandible.
Conclusion: A hybrid lesion of desmoplastic ameloblastoma with osteoplastic pattern (osteoplastic
ameloblastoma) needs inclusion of new cases to understand their behaviour. Recurrence of lesion after 14
years of initial surgery in our case presents the importance of regular bi-annual follow-up for lifetime.
Cauda Equina Syndrome after Sequestered Disc Herniation Migrating to the Dorsal Epidural Space: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Alshammari Abdullah , Alshammari Abdullah , Weber Michael , Navarro-Ramirez Rodrigo , Ge Susan
Published: June 2020

Background: Posteriorly migrated epidural disc fragments (PMEDF) presenting with cauda equina
syndrome are relatively common. These cases are sometimes inaccurately identified on MRI as; epidural
tumors, abscesses, hematomas and or facet cysts. Proper description and identification are key to be able to
provide effective and safe management. Currently we are presenting the case of a patient with cauda equina
syndrome secondary to a posterior mass compression intraoperatively identified as a PMEDF.
Case Description: 45-years-old male presenting with insidious low back pain that progressed to urinary
retention and bilateral foot drop. An MRI of the lumbar spine showed a posteriorly located epidural lesion.
That appeared to be dependent on a left facet cyst. The patient was treated with a decompressive
laminectomy and multiple disc fragments were identified under the ligamentum flavum and over the
posterior epidural space.
Conclusion: Posterior epidural migration of a lumbar disc fragments (PEMLDF) are not a common
presentation of intervertebral disc herniations and their differential diagnosis and treatment might require a
different surgical approach; fusion vs decompression. PEMLDFs should be suspected on those patients
presenting with sudden cauda equina syndrome and posteriorly located epidural lesions on MRI.
Challenge of Radical Methodologies: “Counter-Inductive Actions” and “Anarchist Enterprise”
Authors: Неллі Корнієнко
Published: June 2020

For the first time in Ukrainian art criticism, the problem of interplay between artistic culture and the contexts of quantum physics has been raised: culture and civilization are now in a situation of a quantum transition, unknown until now. The study of the problem requires fundamentally different, non-traditional, post-non-classical, pre-quantum (quantum) methodological approaches and another theoretical basis, in particular, involving and, so to speak, “theoretical anarchism”, according to Feyerabend.
Methodological Reflection of Studies on Art and Culture
Authors: Василь Шейко  , Наталя Кушнаренко
Published: June 2020

It has been proven that complexity, multidimensionality and interdisciplinary status of fundamental and applied research problems in culture or art studies make necessary their studying in the system of coordinates set by different levels of methodology of science. The specific character of using cognitive capabilities of general scientific approaches and methods in multidimensional study of culture and art is explored. Special attention is paid to the culturological approach, to which theoretical amd methodological cognitive potential of other approaches, methods and techniques should be applied.
Scientific Principles of Studying Performance Art asa Contemporary Cultural Phenomenon
Authors: Жанна Шкляренко
Published: June 2020

The article focuses on the scientific principles used in the historical studies of performance art and being the basis for theoretical understanding and obtaining objective knowledge regarding the investigation of the nature of this unusual phenomenon. Artistic, social, political forms of performance and their interconnections within the structure of contemporary culture are analyzed. The essence and versatility of the performance art and the full possibilities of its research and application are determined.
Artistic Transformation of Road Signs in the Works of Klet Abraham in the Context of Street Art
Authors: Ростислав Бобренко
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study is to unveil the foundations of the artistic transformation of road signs by K. Abraham in the context of street art as a form of social communication. The choice of road signs as a basis for the creative rethinking of K. Abraham is based primarily on the social position: to deprive monotony the road signs in an artistic and aesthetic way and at the same time to attract the attention of road users. Each artistically enhanced road sign is a separate story for Abraham, related to its location. In his works, he puts the protest, then the satire, then embodies the poetic image, and always encourages to pay attention not only to the sign, but to the common visual space.While working, Abraham and many street artists, are endangered to sanctions and condemnation due to the lack of proper dialogue between the creators, the authorities and the local community. The best chances to resolve the situation are to regulate of places for street artists, to limit the works of art, to introduce selection by the authorities of artistic projects to be implemented in certain places; to obtain official permission for visualization from the city council or local community; to place artistically transformed road signs in the places safe for road users.
The Trickster Essence of the “Zhlobness” Phenomenon in Contemporary Ukrainian Art
Authors: Марія Турчина
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the cultural aspects of the “zhlobness” phenomenon and its trickster essence in contemporary fine arts, literature and music. Despite the relevance of these issues, they still remain under-researched, although they are of great importance to the acute problem of spreading ofzhlobness within all strata of society, its influence on the contemporary Ukrainian culture (popularization of mass art, formation of the zhlobbish model of behavior, heroization of an antihero). It is revealed that the phenomenon of“zhlobness” is a global one, common to almost all world cultures. Still, it has some national characteristics. The history of emergence of“zhlob-art” artistic movement through the prism of trickster features has been examined and its place in contemporary art has been revealed. The influence of creativity of the “zhlob”-artists on the formation of ideologically similar artistic groups and associations has been outlined. The trickster features of the phenomenon of zhlobness in modern Ukrainian popular and professional music, in particular, in S. Lunev’s opera Moscow-Petushki have been investigated. Common features of Soviet zhlobness have been revealed: marginality, mediation, liminality, laughing nature, and “turning” the high and the low upside down. The characteristic trickster features of the phenomenon of zhlobness and their reflection in contemporary Ukrainian art have been justified. It has been emphasized that zhlobness is common to all strata of society and is a leverage of influence over the development of modern culture.