bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O que é uma Tarefa Piagetiana? (Notas para uma Análise Genealógica e Etnográfica)
Authors: Narciandi José Carlos Loredo
Published: July 2017

Neste trabalho propõe-se lançar um olhar histórico-genealógico e etnográfico sobre a obra de Jean Piaget e, especialmente, sobre suas conhecidas tarefas de conservação com que pretendia ilustrar a entrada das crianças na etapa de pensamento pré-operatório. Em primeiro lugar, tal obra é vinculada à construção ocidental da infância e aos dispositivos de governo mediados por ferramentas psicopedagógicas. Em segundo lugar, mostra-se como as tarefas piagetianas visibilizam o que interessa ao ponto de vista teórico que as sustenta e invisibilizam outros fenômenos que, de outros pontos de vista, poderiam ser mais interessantes. Introduzir a perspectiva da criança seria um modo de problematizá-las e, ao mesmo tempo, tomá-las como procedimentos de subjetivação, mais do que apenas como provas ou índices do desenvolvimento cognitivo.
Corporate governance and credit financing in a developing economy
Authors: Mugova Shame , Sachs Paul R.
Published: July 2017

Emerging markets have common weaknesses in their financial market development. Financial development is one institutional force that shapes financing and governance of firms in emerging markets. Debt and equity are alternative governance instruments. Trade credit is part of debt and therefore should be treated as such in corporate governance. We used a fixed effect regression of financial sector development and trade credit of firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange to ascertain the relationship of financial sector development and trade credit. We also analyzed the Socially Responsible Index (SRI) which measures corporate governance. We find that good corporate governance practices do not result in substituting of trade credit, despite its high implicit costs, with bank loans for working capital financing.
Ownership structure and corporate governance: What does the data reveal about Saudi listed firms?
Authors: Al-Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh , Dockery Everton
Published: July 2017

In this paper we examine the ownership structure of 169 firms listed on the Saudi Arabian stock market from 2008 to 2014. The analysis uses the testing methodology described by Demsetz and Lehn (1985) to examine the effects of firm and market instability on Saudi ownership structure and additionally, the effect of systematic regulation that imposes constraints on the behaviour of the selected listed firms. We find evidence, for the majority of the ownership structures considered, in favour of the view that firm size, regulation and instability affects ownership structure. The results suggest that the size variable has a positive effect on ownership concentration. Our analysis also shows that instability had some effect on ownership concentration and structure when using the non-linear specification, particularly when using firm specific instability, albeit the effect was stronger when the instability measure was accounting profit returns. Lastly, there is evidence that government-owned firms were mostly affected by regulation while diffused owned firms were affected most by instability than non-government owned firms.
Lowpass filters approximation based on the Jacobi polynomials
Authors: Stojanovic Nikola , Stamenkovic Negovan
Published: July 2017

A case study related to the design the analog lowpass filter using a set of
orthogonal Jacobi polynomials, having four parameters to vary, is
considered. The Jacobi polynomial has been modified in order to be used as
a filter approximating function. The obtained magnitude response is more
general than the response of the classical ultra-spherical filter, due to
one additional parameter available in orthogonal Jacobi polynomials. This
additional parameter may be used to obtain a magnitude response having
either smaller passband ripple, smaller group delay variation or sharper
cutoff slope. Two methods for transfer function approximation are
investigated: the first method is based on the known shifted Jacobi
polynomial, and the second method is based on the proposed modification of
Jacobi polynomials. The shifted Jacobi polynomials are suitable only for
odd degree transfer function. However, the proposed modified Jacobi
polynomial filter function is more general but not orthogonal. It is
transformed into orthogonal polynomial when orders are equal and then
includes the Chebyshev filter of the first kind, the Chebyshev filter of
the second kind, the Legendre filter, Gegenbauer (ultraspherical) filter
and many other filters, as its special cases.
An investigation of side lobe suppression in integrated printed antenna structures with 3D reflectors
Authors: Milijic Marija , Nesic Aleksandar , Milovanovic Bratislav
Published: July 2017

The paper discusses the problem of side lobe suppression in the radiation
pattern of printed antenna arrays with different 3D reflector surfaces. The
antenna array of eight symmetrical pentagonal dipoles with corner reflectors
of various angles is examined. All investigated antenna arrays are fed by
the same feeding network of impedance transformers enabling necessary
amplitude distribution. Considering the different reflector surfaces, the
influence of parasitic radiation from feeding network on side lobe
suppression is studied to prevent the reception of unwanted noise and to
increase a gain.
Corrigendum: Tomislav Suligoj, Marko Koricic, Josip Zilak, Hidenori Mochizuki, So-Ichi Morita, Katsumi Shinomura, Hisaya Imai, Horizontal current bipolar transistor (NCBT) - a low-cost, high-performance flexible BICMOS technology for RF communication applications. Facta universitatis, series: Electronics and Energetics (FU Elec Energ), vol. 28, no 4, december 2015, pp. 507 - 525. DOI: 10.2298/FUEE1504507S
Authors: Editorial E
Published: July 2017

The Editor-in-Chief has been informed that in the article Tomislav Suligoj,
Marko Koricic, Josip Zilak, Hidenori Mochizuki, So-Ichi Morita, Katsumi
Shinomura, Hisaya Imai. Horizontal Current Bipolar Transistor (HCBT) - A
Low-Cost, High-Performance Flexible BICMOS Technology for RF Communication
Applications. Facta Universitatis, Series: Electronics and Energetics, Vol.
28. No 4, 2015, pp. 507-525. DOI: 10.2298/FUEE1504507S Fig. 15 with its
legend has been ommited in published version of the paper. After further
discussion with the corresponding author, Editor-in-Chief has decided to
publish a corrigendum for this article, providing the figure and legend of
Fig. 15.

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/FUEE1504507S
An analysis of the trend of protected area size in Serbia in the period from 1948 to 2016
Authors: Djordjevic Ilija , Rankovic Nenad , Nonic Dragan , Nedeljkovic Jelena , Zlatic Miodrag , Tomicevic-Dubljevic Jelena
Published: July 2017

The process of establishing protected areas in Serbia has been influenced by
specific social-economic changes in period after World War II, which have
resulted in constant growth of protected area surface and changes in
protected area type of manager. Because of that, this research analysis
changes in the area of established protected area, through average annual
absolute change and average annual exponential growth rate. These elements
are important because of estimation of the future growth of protected areas
in public and private sectors, as well as for defining the necessary
measures for the implementation of defined goals.
Embedding library services in research stages: Chinese subject service and the research lifecycle model
Authors: Liu Shu
Published: July 2017

Through in-depth interviews, we analyzed user needs at different stages of scientific research, and constructed a library service model that can be practically integrated into all research stages. This article highlights the subject service model in use in Chinese academic libraries and demonstrates how it can work to support researchers across the research life-cycle.
Measuring an Academic Library’s Performance and Service: A Case Study in Georgia Southern University Library
Authors: Li LiLi
Published: July 2017

This paper shares the Georgia Southern University Library’s experience of LibQUAL in user-centered and service-oriented academic learning environment. On the basis of reviewing the library literature on LibQUAL, this study presents the process of data analysis and data visualization for academic library assessments. Using the 2016 LibQUAL Survey at the Georgia Southern University Library as a sample, this study illustrates basic methods of analyzing and interpreting the LibQUAL Survey Raw Data and User Response Raw Data saved in Excel files. Also mentioned in this study are other common statistical tools and a set of general procedures, including data analysis, data validation, data migration, data mining, and data visualization, for academic library assessments to identify patron needs and satisfactory factors.
Book Review of the Data Librarian's Handbook
Authors: Edelstein Daniel
Published: July 2017

Book review:The Data Librarian’s Handbook, by Robin Rice and John Southall, London: Facet Publishing, December 2016, 192p. Paper $69.52. ISBN: 978-1783300471.
Keigairengyoto, a traditional Japanese medicine, promotes bacterial clearance by activating innate immune cells in mouse cutaneous infection models
Authors: Koseki Junichi , Kaneko Atsushi , Matsubara Yosuke , Sekiguchi Kyoji , Ebihara Satomi , Aiba Setsuya , Yamasaki Kenshi
Published: July 2017

Prompt elimination of pathogens including bacteria and dead cells prevents the expansion of secondary and prolonged inflammations and tissue damage. Keigairengyoto (KRT) is a traditional Japanese medicine prescribed for dermatoses such as purulent inflammations. Our aim is to clarify the actions of KRT in bacterial clearance and to examine the cell-kinetic profiles of phagocytes. In a mouse cutaneous infection model using living Staphylococcus aureus, KRT drastically reduced the number of bacteria in the infection sites. To evaluate the bacterial clearance, pseudo-infection was induced in mouse ears by intradermal injection of FITC-conjugated dead S. aureus. Biochemical and histological examinations revealed that KRT promoted bacterial clearance at 6 and 24 h post-injection. The numbers and phagocytic activities of neutrophils and macrophages in the ears were evaluated histologically using anti-Ly6G and F4/80 antibodies. KRT reduced bacterial deposition and increased the accumulation of F4/80+ resident macrophages around the lesion site. FACS analysis was performed on single cell suspensions dispersed enzymatically from skin lesions, followed by an investigation of CD11b+Ly6G+ (neutrophils) and CD11b+Ly6G– (monocytes/macrophages) cells. KRT increased the mean fluorescent intensity of FITC in CD11b+Ly6G–cells and the number of FITC-positive CD11b+Ly6G+ cells, while KRT did not change the numbers of these cells. To investigate the active constituents of KRT, phagocytosis assay using macrophages was performed, resulting in that some flavonoid glucuronides of KRT derivatives augmented phagocytosis. Collectively, KRT promoted bacterial clearance by enhancing the phagocytic capability of neutrophils and macrophages. KRT may exert unique properties in preventive and therapeutic strategies for skin infectious inflammation.
Head-out immersion in hot water does not increase serum CXCL1 in healthy men
Authors: Sakurai Yuta , Umemoto Yasunori , Kawasaki Takashi , Kojima Daisuke , Kinoshita Tokio , Yamashiro Mami , Banno Motohiko , Arakawa Hideki , Tajima Fumihiro
Published: July 2017

Exercise-induced production of interleukin (IL)-6 results in the expression of chemokine CXC-motif ligand 1 (CXCL1) in mice. Recent studies described the increase in serum IL-6 levels during immersion of subjects in hot water. The present study investigated the effects of a 20-min head-out water immersion in 42 °C water (hot-HOI) on serum concentrations of CXCL1 in eight healthy men. Venous blood samples were taken at rest, immediately after hot-HOI, as well as 1, 2, 3, and 4 h after hot-HOI for measurements of serum concentrations of CXCL1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), while assessing counts of blood cells (CBC) and monitoring core temperature (Tcore). Tcore and serum IL-6 increased during hot-HOI and remained high until 4 h after hot-HOI. However, serum CXCL1, TNF-α, hsCRP, and CBC remained constant throughout the experiment. In conclusion, the results from our study demonstrated that 20-min hot-HOI increased serum IL-6, but not CXCL1 in healthy man.
Cancer vaccine therapy based on peptides
Authors: Katsuda Masahiro , Yamaue Hiroki
Published: July 2017

Following numerous unequivocal clinical failures, immunotherapy has become an attractive therapeutic modality. Peptide vaccines are cost-effective compared to other vaccine approaches, and effective epitopes eliciting strong immune response can be selected experimentally in silico and ex vivo. However, the clinical benefits of cancer peptides vaccine have been disappointing in most studies; therefore, we need to prove the clinical beneficial effects for cancer treatment following induction of more powerful cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). First, the choice of ideal target antigen is essential. Epitopes derived from tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), oncoantigens, vascular endothelial cells and neoantigens are then developed. In particular, whole-exome sequencing enables us to identify epitopes of neoantigens. The choice of therapeutic objectives is also important and peptide vaccines might be better to be developed as preventative vaccines. Dendritic cells (DCs) vaccine pulsed with peptides is an approach to induce powerful CTLs and might overcome several disadvantages of peptide vaccines as monotherapy. Targeting vaccine therapy against DC subsets in vivo is under development.Following numerous unequivocal clinical failures, immunotherapy has become an attractive therapeuticmodality. Peptide vaccines are cost-effective compared to other vaccine approaches, and effective epitopeseliciting strong immune response can be selected experimentally in silico and ex vivo. However, the clinicalbenefits of cancer peptides vaccine have been disappointing in most studies; therefore, we need to prove theclinical beneficial effects for cancer treatment following induction of more powerful cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs). First, the choice of ideal target antigen is essential. Epitopes derived from tumor-associated antigens(TAAs), oncoantigens, vascular endothelial cells and neoantigens are then developed. In particular, wholeexomesequencing enables us to identify the epitopes of neoantigens. The choice of therapeutic objectives isalso important and peptide vaccines might be better to be developed as preventative vaccines. Dendritic cells(DCs) vaccine pulsed with peptides is an approach to induce powerful CTLs and might overcome severaldisadvantages of peptide vaccines as monotherapy. Targeting vaccine therapy against DC subsets in vivo isunder development.
Synergistic effects of dual parasitism in Daphnia magna under nutrient limitation
Authors: Reyserhove Lien , Muylaert Koenraad , Vanoverberghe Isabel , Decaestecker Ellen
Published: July 2017

Human-induced increases in the bioavailability of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have the potential to alter the context for host-parasite dynamics in aquatic ecosystems. Given that both eutrophication and infectious diseases are becoming more prominent, it is essential to disentangle the factors that determine virulence expression in keystone grazers. Here, we focus on the impact of nutrient limitation in single versus dual parasite exposure in the water flea Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Branchiopoda). For this, we fed specimens of D. magna with algae differing in C:N:P ratios and exposed them to two virulent parasites, Pasteuria ramosa (bacteria) and the agent causing White Fat Cell (WFCD, unknown classification), both in single and dual parasite exposure treatments. Exposure to the two parasites synergistically reduced host survival, mainly driven by WFCD exposure, especially under severe nutrient limitation. Under these conditions individuals of D. magna began reproducing earlier, which resulted in a higher reproductive output upon dual parasite exposure. We here discuss these results within the framework of host stress responses, nutrient allocation and energy budgets, and conclude that the way food quality interferes with host-parasite interactions varies, depending on the parasite species involved, the nutrient requirements of all actors and the trait investigated.
浅谈国际工程中工程材料的采购报批与报验
Authors: 叶 明山
Published: July 2017

在EPC总承包工程中，采购在项目成本中占据举足轻重的地位，能够高效、及时、经济地采购到项目所需的物资将是项目顺利进行的关键。作者结合在科威特大学城EPC总承包工程的采购经验，浅谈国外工程的材料采购、报批与报验。
企业社会工作介入新员工适应问题探析
Authors: 周 诗雯
Published: July 2017

随着社会经济的稳定发展，使得企业的经济发展也随之不断增长，新员工的适应问题逐渐成为企业社会工作介入普遍存在的问题。鉴于此，本文针对企业社会工作介入新员工的适应问题进行简要的分析，并对改善企业社会工作介入新员工适应问题的策略进行阐述，此次研究的主要目的在于有利于增强企业内部的稳定结构，从而降低新员工的流动率。
6S模塑工程提升高职生职业素养的实践探索
Authors: 赵 吉芳 , 郭 志清
Published: July 2017

6S模塑工程是学校借助企业6S管理标准来对学生进行日常管理，通过良好学习和生活习惯的塑造来提升学生职业素养，从而为企业输送高素质技能型人才的一种管理模式，论文就针对6S模塑工程进行实践探索，从而提升高职生职业素养。
Doktrin Trinitas dalam Diskursus Teologi Ekonomik
Authors: Wijaya Yahya
Published: July 2017

Abstrak: Artikel ini menguraikan penggunaan konsep teologis “Trinitas sosial” oleh empat teolog yang secara khusus menyoroti isu-isu ekonomi. Secara umum para teolog itu menyatakan bahwa teologi ekonomik yang berdasarkan “Trinitas sosial” menolak model ekonomi individualistik yang memertaruhkan komunitas. Mereka memberi gambaran yang berbeda-beda tentang model ekonomi yang layak ditolak itu. Meeks dan Boff melihat praktik ekonomi pasar yang berlaku saat ini maupun praktik ekonomi sosialis yang pernah dijalankan di negara-negara komunis sebagai wujud-wujud dari model ekonomi semacam itu. Novak menolak praktik sosialisme dan memandang kapitalisme yang bersifat demokratik sebagai model ekonomi yang trinitaris. Higginson menilai model ekonomi yang individualistik itu tersirat dalam “etos Protestan”nya Max Weber dan seringkali tercermin dalam cara pengelolaan perusahaan. Saya melanjutkan teologi ekonomik yang berdasarkan Trinitas Sosial itu dengan menjadikan secara spesifik keluarga sebagai wujud konkret komunitas. Saya berpendapat bahwa “Trinitas keluarga” dapat menjadi dasar bagi pengembangan teologi ekonomik yang responsif terhadap konteks ekonomi Indonesia dan Asia pada umumnya, di mana keluarga menjadi bukan hanya model hubungan sosial tetapi juga acuan etis.

Kata-kata Kunci: Trinitas sosial, teologi ekonomik, ekonomi kekeluargaan.

Abstract: This article explores the use of the theological concept of “social Trinity” by four theologians focusing on economic issues. In general, those theologians suggest that the concept of “social Trinity” implies an economic theology resisting the individualistic economy model, which puts the community at stake. They disagree on which economic system exactly they consider worth rejecting. For Meeks and Boff, that economic model includes both the existing market economy and socialism as had been practiced in the communist countries. Novak rejects the economic system of socialist countries whilst insisting that “democratic capitalism” is consistently Trinitarian. Higginson argues that the individualistic economy is implied in Weber’s “Protestant ethic” and often reflected in the management of corporations. Subscribing to the economic theology based on “social Trinity,” and, at the same time, responding specifically to the characteristics of the Indonesian context, I suggest the family as a concrete form of community. I argue that “familial Trinity” would serve as a foundation for developing an economic theology in response to the situation of Indonesian economy and Asian economy in general, where the family is not only a model of social relations, but also an ethical reference.

Keywords: Social Trinity, economic theology, familial economy.
Status Tuhan dalam Filsafat Teoretis Immanuel Kant
Authors: Seta Martinus Ariya
Published: July 2017

Abstrak: Di dalam filsafat teoretis Kant, status Tuhan bukan lagi transenden tetapi transendental. Perubahan status Tuhan menjadi transendental memiliki dampak ganda. Di satu sisi, Kant memberikan pendasaran rasionalitas konsep Tuhan. Akan tetapi di sisi lain, Kant menghindari penegasan terhadap eksistensi Tuhan. Menurut Kant, konsep Tuhan adalah sebuah ide regulatif. Ide regulatif tidak memiliki referensi di luar pikiran manusia. Kant hanya menegaskan urgensi logis konsep Tuhan bagi kesatuan pengetahuan. Akan tetapi, urgensi logis tidak cukup memadai sebagai argumen pembuktian eksistensi Tuhan. Kant memisahkan antara keternalaran dan ada. Pemisahan ini terlihat jelas di dalam kritik Kant terhadap pembuktian ontologis. Menurut penulis, profil filsafat transendental menjadi transparan di dalam kritik Kant terhadap pembuktian ontologis. Pengadopsian secara parsial paham dasar rasionalisme dan empirisme melatarbelakangi filsafat transendental dan memicu pemisahan antara keternalaran dan ada yang tampak jelas di dalam kritik Kant terhadap pembuktian ontologis.

Kata-kata Kunci: Konsep, transendental, keternalaran, ada, ide regulatif, pembuktian ontologis.

Abstract: In Kant’s theoretical philosophy, the status of God is not transcendent anymore, but transcendental. The transcendental status of God has a double impact. On the one hand, the concept of God is conceivable. But on the other hand, Kant avoids the affirmation of the existence of God. The conceivability of God is not an argument for God’s existence because the concept of God is a regulative idea. A regulative idea has no reference outside the mind. Kant only affirms the logical necessity of the concept of God. However, the logical necessity is not an adequate argument for the existence of God. Kant separates between conceivability and being. The separation is obvious in his critique toward the ontological argument. In my opinion, the profile of the transcendental philosophy is transparent in Kant’s critique toward the ontological argument. The partial adoption of empirical and rational principles works behind the transcendental philosophy and leads to the separation between conceivability and being, which is visible in the Kant’s critique toward the ontological argument.

Keywords: Concept, transcendental, conceivability, being, regulative idea, ontological argument.
Demokrasi Radikal Menurut Jacques Rancière
Authors: Indiyastutik Sri
Published: July 2017

Abstrak: Jacques Rancière, pemikir Prancis kelahiran Aljazair (1940-sekarang), konsisten dengan gagasannya tentang kesetaraan bagi setiap orang dan semua orang. Baginya, demokrasi bukanlah bentuk pemerintahan atau tatanan sosial. Kesetaraan yang kontingen dalam tatanan sosial, menurut Rancière, menjadikan demokrasi dapat terjadi kapan saja dan di mana saja, tidak dapat diprediksi. Rancière mengajak kita untuk terbuka pada gangguan-gangguan demos dan kemunculan subyek-subyek baru di masa datang sebagai dinamika dalam tatanan sosial yang tidak perlu ditumpas atau dihambat. Politik demokrasi adalah sebuah perselisihan. Namun perselisihan tersebut bukan tindakan revolusi untuk menghancurkan tatanan sosial yang telah ada menjadi tatanan yang sama sekali baru. Demokrasi adalah subyektivasi politik yang mengganggu tatanan sosial dominan yang dilakukan oleh demos untuk memverifikasi kesetaraan. Kemunculan demos mentransformasi tatanan sosial menjadi bentuk yang berbeda, yang mengakomodasi keberadaan mereka yang tidak terhitung (the wrong, yang salah).

Kata-kata Kunci: Demokrasi, kesetaraan, demos, perselisihan, subyektivikasi, yang salah.

Abstract: Jacques Rancière, a French philosopher born in Algeria (1940-present), affirms the equality of anyone and everyone. He analyzes the so-called democracy not as a kind of state or social order. Equality which is contingent in the social order, for Rancière, shows that democracy could occurs everytime and everywhere, democracy could not be predicted. Rancière brings us to have an open eye in front of dispute of the demos and the subjectification of any new subjects. This is an inherent and a dynamic of the social order that should not be repressed or stopped. The democratic politics is a dispute. But the dispute is not an act of revolution to destroy the existing social order to create an entirely new order. Democracy is the political subjectification that disrupts the police order by the demos to verify the equality of anyone and everyone. The emergence of the demos transforms the social order into a different form when this order accommodates the existence of the wrong.

Keywords: Democracy, equality, demos, dispute, subjectification, the wrong.
Wavelet based approach for facial expression recognition
Authors: Abidin Zaenal , Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: July 2017

Facial expression recognition is one of the most active fields of research. Many facial expression recognition methods have been developed and implemented. Neural networks (NNs) have capability to undertake such pattern recognition tasks. The key factor of the use of NN is based on its characteristics. It is capable in conducting learning and generalizing, non-linear mapping, and parallel computation. Backpropagation neural networks (BPNNs) are the approach methods that mostly used. In this study, BPNNs were used as classifier to categorize facial expression images into seven-class of expressions which are anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, neutral and surprise. For the purpose of feature extraction tasks, three discrete wavelet transforms were used to decompose images, namely Haar wavelet, Daubechies (4) wavelet and Coiflet (1) wavelet. To analyze the proposed method, a facial expression recognition system was built. The proposed method was tested on static images from JAFFE database.
A review on fuzzy multi-criteria decision making land clearing for oil palm plantation
Authors: Hamdani Hamdani , Wardoyo Retantyo
Published: July 2017

Our review paper research categorize the methods in the method of Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making (FMCDM) to find the method is widely used in the case of land clearing for plantation. Model FMCDM is used to assess the parameter in multi-criteria-based decision making. The dominant percentage of the result was obtained using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method. While the application of other methods for the same problem are Fuzzy Ordered Weighted Averaging (FOWA), Fuzzy Elimination Et Choix Traduisant la Realite or Elimination and Choice Translating Reality (FELECTRE), Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS), Fuzzy, Artificial Neural Networks (FANNs) has less. Some the research result also implemented hybrid in FMCDM Method to give some weight in the assessment of decision making. There was also a paper which integrates FMCDM to the GIS method on the land clearing. Therefore, it is concluded that the issue on the land clearing can be done through collaboration of several models of FMCDM, so that it can be developed by involving the decision model using multi-stakeholder model
Rethinking Data Collection on Logistics Facilities
Authors: Heitz Adeline , Launay Pierre , Beziat Adrien
Published: July 2017

The aim of this paper is to propose a new methodology for collecting data on logistics facilities in urban regions. This methodology was used to build a database of warehouses and transport terminals in the Paris region for 2015, which added to the various existing databases by using open source data. The new and existing databases were compared so that the limitations of the latter could be considered, and preliminary conclusions were made about the distinctive characteristics of the new methodology. Then, the new database was used to study the spatial distribution of logistics facilities in the Paris region. Finally, a new typology of logistics facilities was proposed to characterize the different logistics sectors without relying on activity codes.
Enabling a Freight Traffic Controller for Collaborative Multidrop Urban Logistics
Authors: Allen Julian , Bektaş Tolga , Cherrett Tom , Friday Adrian , McLeod Fraser , Piecyk Maja , Piotrowska Marzena , Austwick Martin Zaltz
Published: July 2017

There is increasing interest in how horizontal collaboration between parcel carriers might help alleviate problems associated with last-mile logistics in congested urban centers. Through a detailed review of the literature on parcel logistics pertaining to collaboration, along with practical insights from carriers operating in the United Kingdom, this paper examines the challenges that will be faced in optimizing multi-carrier, multidrop collection, and delivery schedules. A “freight traffic controller” (FTC) concept is proposed. The FTC would be a trusted third party, assigned to equitably manage the work allocation between collaborating carriers and the passage of vehicles over the last mile when joint benefits to the parties could be achieved. Creating this FTC concept required a combinatorial optimization approach for evaluation of the many combinations of hub locations, network configuration, and routing options for vehicle or walking to find the true value of each potential collaboration. At the same time, the traffic, social, and environmental impacts of these activities had to be considered. Cooperative game theory is a way to investigate the formation of collaborations (or coalitions), and the analysis used in this study identified a significant shortfall in current applications of this theory to last-mile parcel logistics. Application of theory to urban freight logistics has, thus far, failed to account for critical concerns including ( a) the mismatch of vehicle parking locations relative to actual delivery addresses; ( b) the combination of deliveries with collections, requests for the latter often being received in real time during the round; and ( c) the variability in travel times and route options attributable to traffic and road network conditions.
Framework for Quantitative Annual Evaluation of Traffic Signal Systems
Authors: Radivojevic Danilo , Stevanovic Aleksandar
Published: July 2017

The evaluation of traffic signal systems on an agency level can be of great importance for identifying problems, self-assessing, budgeting, creating a strategy for future steps, and so on. The most famous similar effort of this type is the National Traffic Signal Report Card, which is used as an evaluation methodology for agencies countrywide. The main difference in the proposed methodology is that it steps away from qualitative evaluation and grading and presents a new set of procedures for implementation of quantitative—and therefore more unbiased—evaluation methodology. The proposed methodology should enable self-evaluation and comparison between agencies in relation to agency management, traffic signal operations, signal timing practices, traffic monitoring, data collection, and maintenance. For two agencies, the numerical and logical values of the answers are used in the evaluation process to obtain preliminary results that are displayed with a confidence measure to explain that process. The proposed methodology shows potential, especially if the number of the available data types increases with the introduction of high-resolution data-logging controllers into regular operations. With those additional performance measures, the methodology could be used for tracking the results of operating traffic signals by government institutions or private companies.
Evaluating Transit Priority Signal Phasing at Most Multimodal Intersection in Portland, Oregon
Authors: Marnell Patrick , Zebell Paul , Koonce Peter , Quayle Shaun
Published: July 2017

This research documents the operational benefits of additional phases, barrier bars, and a call-based transit priority signal-phasing strategy over a more traditional eight-phase, two-barrier preemption-based transit signal–phasing strategy. The call-based timing strategy, with a more flexible ring-and-barrier structure, takes advantage of additional phases to run less-impactful transit prioritization for light-rail trains. These two strategies have been field implemented in Portland, Oregon, at the signalized intersection of Southwest Porter Street and Southwest Moody Avenue, an intersection that has distinct signalized movements for the private-automobile, streetcar, light-rail train, bus, pedestrian, and bicycle modes. The operations of the two-intersection signal-phasing strategies were evaluated and tested by using hardware and software-in-the-loop microsimulation (in Vissim) to isolate the expected change in operational efficiency in modal delay. The two-barrier preemption-based transit signal-phasing strategy showed high variability in delay for certain movements, in particular, pedestrians. The call-based phasing strategy with flexible ring-and-barrier structure reduced total and average intersection delay. This research shows that the call-based phasing strategy with flexible ring-and-barrier structure can provide a less disruptive transit prioritization. Agencies should consider the call-phased transit priority strategy over the more traditional preemption-based strategy at a signalized intersection when ( a) delaying potential preemptive movements mode will not have large safety effects, ( b) pedestrian demand is high, ( c) preemption service will be frequent, or ( d) the intersection is operating at or over capacity.
Analysis of Trends in Data on Transit Bus Dwell Times
Authors: Isukapati Isaac K. , Rudová Hana , Barlow Gregory J. , Smith Stephen F.
Published: July 2017

Transit vehicles create special challenges for urban traffic signal control. Signal timing plans are typically designed for the flow of passenger vehicles, but transit vehicles—with frequent stops and uncertain dwell times—may have different flow patterns that fail to match those plans. Transit vehicles stopping on urban streets can also restrict or block other traffic on the road. This situation results in increased overall wait times and delays throughout the system for transit vehicles and other traffic. Transit signal priority (TSP) systems are often used to mitigate some of these issues, primarily by addressing delay to the transit vehicles. However, existing TSP strategies give unconditional priority to transit vehicles, exacerbating quality of service for other modes. In networks for which transit vehicles have significant effects on traffic congestion, particularly urban areas, the use of more-realistic models of transit behavior in adaptive traffic signal control could reduce delay for all modes. Estimating the arrival time of a transit vehicle at an intersection requires an accurate model of dwell times at transit stops. As a first step toward developing a model for predicting bus arrival times, this paper analyzes trends in automatic vehicle location data collected over 2 years and allows several inferences to be drawn about the statistical nature of dwell times, particularly for use in real-time control and TSP. On the basis of this trend analysis, the authors argue that an effective predictive dwell time distribution model must treat independent variables as random or stochastic regressors.
Assessment of the Robustness of Signal Timing Plans in an Arterial Corridor Through Seasonal Variation of Traffic Flows
Authors: Ostojic Marija , Stevanovic Aleksandar , Jolovic Dusan , Mahmassani Hani S.
Published: July 2017

Arterial traffic signal systems, predominantly in the United States, deploy multiple signal timing plans to account for daily variability of traffic demand. Those types of traffic flow deviations should be anticipated when timing plans are designed and, therefore, serviced satisfactorily. When traffic flow patterns are no longer predictable, a predetermined time-of-day (TOD) plan may no longer be the optimal one. This research aimed to examine signal timing optimality by applying a method similar to the selection of a traffic responsive plan to recognize automatically the best timing plan suited to current traffic conditions. The proposed method attempted to determine whether the optimality of signal timing settings could have been effectively estimated when systematic detector counts of the major approach were available. The study used 4 months of data from field microwave detectors coupled with data of turning-movement counts obtained over several days. The findings show that TOD signal timing plans mainly depended on adequate data collection that best describes a specific set of traffic conditions. Thus, the designed plan was as optimal as the related traffic information was reliable, whereas a problem arose in the case of limited-availability and low-quality data. New technologies are capable of collecting and storing massive amounts of data. Even if the granularity of collected data is low, the data can be used to improve traffic performance (i.e., reduce corridor delay). This realization could be of particular importance to traffic agencies that have installed, or plan to install, new field devices.
Transfer of Training in Basic Control Skills from Truck Simulator to Real Truck
Authors: Hirsch Pierro , Choukou Mohamed-Amine , Bellavance François
Published: July 2017

A series of studies was done at a large truck driver-training center as part of its ongoing cycle of development and implementation of simulator-based training. This project was motivated by the need to accelerate the learning of basic vehicle control skills to allow more time for safety-critical skills. The first studies focused on gearshifting and the second on backing maneuvers. All studies measured the transfer of driving skills learned in the truck simulator to the real truck. The results show that basic vehicle control skills learned on the truck simulator transferred to a real truck and that the learning time required on the truck simulator compared with the real truck was at least equal if not shorter in many cases. A major strength of this project is to complete integration into the normal operations of the training school’s program by using regular teachers and students. The only nonroutine aspects were the extra performance measurements by independent evaluators. Naturalistic studies are prone to confounding factors. Therefore, the consistent evidence of transfer of basic skills from the truck simulator to the real truck across multiple phases with slightly different designs demonstrates the robustness of the findings. Given the success of simulator-based training in aviation, the evidence of successful transfer of training in this study is not surprising. The greater challenge is the future integration of efficient truck-driving simulator-based learning into existing training programs to allow additional time to learn more safety-critical driving skills.
Numerical Study of Bernoulli Effect on Bus Controllability and Driving Safety
Authors: Zhou Hao , Wang Lu , Cheng Jianchuan , Ma Yang
Published: July 2017

A bus in motion is vulnerable to strong aerodynamic forces that may interfere with its controllability and operational safety. On mountainous highways—especially highways along deep gorges—or under extreme weather conditions, the lateral wind distribution is not always uniform and consequently produces the Bernoulli effect. The objective of this study was to investigate its specific impact on bus safety by using a hybrid method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and kinematics simulations. An ordinary bus was chosen as the analysis object, and its three-dimensional model was established in SolidWorks. CFD experiments were conducted in ANSYS/Fluent to estimate the lateral aerodynamic forces. The smart driving system based on the directional control model was built in MATLAB/Simulink to replicate the average driving experience. Then a cosimulation of Adams/Car with Simulink was implemented to quantify and assess the bus handling and stability performance. The CFD simulations report that the aerodynamic force induced by the Bernoulli effect is not negligible for an ordinary bus. As the gradient of wind speed variation increases to over 5 m/s per meter in the lateral direction, the ratio of the aerodynamic force to its gravity exceeds 2%. Kinematics simulations prove that the bus lateral chassis acceleration and the lateral displacement both reached alarm values under the adverse conditions. The study is expected to offer a useful tool and reference for bus accident prevention and analysis in strong wind zones with frequent asymmetric winds. It may also help improve vehicle handling and stability design, especially for oversized vehicles.
Estimating Household Travel Energy Consumption in Conjunction with a Travel Demand Forecasting Model
Authors: Garikapati Venu M. , You Daehyun , Zhang Wenwen , Pendyala Ram M. , Guhathakurta Subhrajit , Brown Marilyn A. , Dilkina Bistra
Published: July 2017

This paper presents a methodology for the calculation of the consumption of household travel energy at the level of the traffic analysis zone (TAZ) in conjunction with information that is readily available from a standard four-step travel demand model system. This methodology embeds two algorithms. The first provides a means of allocating non-home-based trips to residential zones that are the source of such trips, whereas the second provides a mechanism for incorporating the effects of household vehicle fleet composition on fuel consumption. The methodology is applied to the greater Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan region in the United States and is found to offer a robust mechanism for calculating the footprint of household travel energy at the level of the individual TAZ; this mechanism makes possible the study of variations in the energy footprint across space. The travel energy footprint is strongly correlated with the density of the built environment, although socioeconomic differences across TAZs also likely contribute to differences in travel energy footprints. The TAZ-level calculator of the footprint of household travel energy can be used to analyze alternative futures and relate differences in the energy footprint to differences in a number of contributing factors and thus enables the design of urban form, formulation of policy interventions, and implementation of awareness campaigns that may produce more-sustainable patterns of energy consumption.
Incorporating Land Use into Methods of Synthetic Population Generation and of Transfer of Behavioral Data
Authors: McBride Elizabeth C. , Davis Adam W. , Lee Jae Hyun , Goulias Konstadinos G.
Published: July 2017

This paper describes a new method of population synthesis that includes land use information. The method is based on an initial identification of suitable land use summaries to build a spatial taxonomy at any spatial scale. This same taxonomy is then used to classify household travel survey records (persons and households) and in parallel geographic subdivisions for the state of California. This land use information is the added dimension in the population synthesis methods for travel demand analysis. Synthetic population generation proceeds by expanding (re-creating) the records of the households responding to the survey and the entire array of travel behavior data reproduced for the synthetic population. The basis for selecting the variables to use in the synthetic population is first testing their significance in simplified specification in models of travel behavior that include land use as an explanatory variable and account for the shape of behavioral data (e.g., observations with no travel). The paper shows differences between synthetic populations with and without land use data to demonstrate the behavioral realism added by this approach.
Who is Picking Up the Child from Day Care?: Understanding the Intrahousehold Dynamics in Drop-Off and Pickup Allocation for Households with Dependent Children
Authors: Weiss Adam , Habib Khandker Nurul
Published: July 2017

This paper presents a joint model for the allocation of drop-off and pickup responsibilities and the choice of the day care location for two-adult households with dependent children. This analysis aims to capture the trade-offs that occur at the household level in the selection of both day care location and drop-off and pickup responsibility allocation. The paper uses a stochastic frontier modeling approach to predict feasible locations for each possible allocation pair. The frontier model predicts the maximum distance an individual would be willing to travel within a time budget constraint. This travel time prediction is then applied to each individual for generating feasible location sets given two endogenous anchor points. The paper then presents a joint econometric-choice model of task allocation and day care location with heterogeneous sampling correction factors for each possible allocation. Captured within the model are the choice of who performs the drop-off and pickup activities and the eventual location that is selected for day care. The model structure provides key insights into both the choice to use day care and the allocation of drop-off and pickup responsibilities.
Conceptual Framework for Understanding Latent Demand: Accounting for Unrealized Activities and Travel
Authors: Clifton Kelly J. , Moura Filipe
Published: July 2017

Historically, latent demand—the activities and travel that are desired but unrealized because of constraints—has been examined from the standpoint of understanding the effects of proposed capacity or service improvements on travel demand. Drawing on work from a variety of theoretical perspectives, this paper presents a broader conceptual view of latent demand that provides a useful framework for researching and understanding these unmet needs. This view is important from an equity standpoint, as it provides insights into questions of transport disadvantage, social exclusion, and poverty. The framework presented here is theoretical in nature and untested empirically. This paper aims to promote discussion and ultimately a more developed theory that can inform transportation planning and forecasting. A better definition and quantification of latent (or induced) demand can aid transportation planners in better predicting the effects of future transportation investments and other social, economic, and technological changes.
Lumbar sympathectomy regulates vascular cell turnover in rat hindfoot plantar skin
Authors: Zheng Zhifang , Wan Yu , Liu Yishu , Zhu Lulu , Tang Jianbing , Huang Wenhua , Cheng Biao
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:

Sympathetic denervation and impaired angiogenesis cause skin diseases. However, the relationship between the sympathetic nervous system and vascular cell turnover in normal skin remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the effects of sympathetic denervation on vascular cell turnover in normal skin.

METHODS:

Rats underwent bilateral L2–4 sympathetic trunk resection (sympathectomy group) or sham operation (control). Hindfoot plantar skin was analyzed 2 weeks and 3 months postoperatively.

RESULTS:

Mural cell marker (α-smooth muscle actin; p < 0.001, and desmin; p = 0.047) expression decreased 2 weeks after sympathectomy, but recovered 3 months after sympathectomy ( p > 0.05). CD31 levels were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at 2 weeks ( p = 0.009), but not at 3 months. Von Willebrand factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and angiopoietin-2 expression were not significantly different between the groups ( p > 0.05). Angiopoietin-1 expression levels were higher in the experimental group than in the control group at 2 weeks ( p = 0.035), but not at 3 months.

CONCLUSIONS:

Lumbar sympathectomy regulates vascular cell turnover in rat hindfoot plantar skin by inhibiting mural cell proliferation and increasing angiopoietin-1 expression. Sympathetic nerves therefore play an important role in plantar skin vascular cell turnover.