bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NATIONALISM: THE VIVEKANANDA WAY
Authors: Abhinandan Netajee
Published: May 2023

Nationalism is a contested concept. It is used both positively and negatively to either unite a people or whip up jingoistic passions among people. In the context of India, nationalism holds a different connotation that defies all western categorizations as India is not a nation in the traditional sense of the term; rather it is a ‘supranation’ consisting of multiple nations. Culture plays the most vital role in uniting people in India having diverse races, religions, languages, ethnicities and life-styles and gives them a sense of togetherness. It was Vivekananda, who during the early years of nationalistic resurgence, gave India’s quest for identity a definite direction by striving to revive the country’s age old traditional values and inclusive cultural ethos. His efforts immensely helped in drawing the attention of the western world towards the unique aspects of India’s cultural heritage. This paper would offer a politico-cultural view of Indian nationalism and specifically discuss Swami Vivekananda’s contributions to enrich it.
PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY IN MATHEMATICS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH RESPECT TO LOCATION
Authors: Shafi S Mahammed
Published: May 2023

Problem solving ability plays an important role in the subject of mathematics. Problem solving ability in mathematics is perhaps one of the most difficult abilities for students to develop. It takes practice and many students are easily frustrated when they don’t see a solution to a problem right away. The most important thing for any problem solver to remember is to think critically, not giving up easily and trying other approaches. In mathematics all the exercises are based on problem solving ability, without this ability nobody can perform well in mathematics. Students without conceptual knowledge of the subject matter will find it difficult to solve problem. Both problem solving skills of an individual and learning of contents are interrelated with each other. The present study was conducted on 120 primary school children from Medchal district of Telangana State. The result reveals that there was a significant difference in problem solving ability in mathematics among primary school children with respect to locality.
पंचायत चुनाव 2021 में ग्रामीण मतदान व्यवहार
Authors: सिंह राजकुमार
Published: May 2023

ग्रामीण क्षेत्र में आर्थिक व राजनैतिक परिदृष्य में बदलाव तो आया है पर इतना भी नहीं कि ग्रामीण समाज का परम्परात्मक ढांचा बदल गया हो। जमीदारी व्यवस्था समाप्त हुई है। जमीदार अब परिदृष्य से बाहर हो गये हैं। जमीन अब उच्च जातियों से मध्यम जातियों को बेची जा रही है किन्तु यह प्रक्रिया बहुत धीमी है। जिसके चलते उच्च जातियों का गाँवों में आर्थिक प्रभुत्व अभी बना हुआ है। इसके अतिरिक्त उच्च जातियों के लोगों ने अन्य क्षेत्रों में निवेष कर अपनी आर्थिक स्थिति पहले से अधिक सुदृढ़ कर ली है। जजमानी व्यवस्था कमजोर हुई है। सेवक जातियाँ परम्परात्मक षर्तों पर सेवा करने से स्वतंत्र अवष्य हुई है जिससे उनकी परम्परात्मक स्थिति में कुछ सुधार भी आया है किन्तु अन्य जातियों की तुलना में उनकी आर्थिक स्थिति में कोई खास बदलाव नहीं आया है। संषोधित पंचायतीराज व्यवस्था के लागू होने के साथ महिलाओं तथा अनुसूचित जातियों एवं जनजातियों को विभिन्न स्तर पर पंचायतों व स्थानीय निकायों में बेहतर प्रतिनिधित्व मिला है और ग्रामीण राजनीति एवं विकास में उनकी साझेदारी भी बढ़ी है। फिर भी, ग्रामीण समाज में उच्च जातियों का दबदबा अभी भी बना हुआ है। कुल मिलाकर गांव का सामाजिक, आर्थिक व राजनैतिक परिदृष्य बदला तो है फिर भी ग्रामीण संरचना व षक्ति सन्तुलन में उच्च, मध्यम व निम्न जातियों की तुलनात्मक स्थिति में कोई खास बदलाव नहीं आया है।
EFFECT OF HALL CURRENT AND ROTATION ON THERMAL STABILITY OF FERROMAGNETIC FLUIDS SATURATING IN A POROUS MEDIUM
Authors: Kumari Urmil , Chopra Prakash Chand
Published: May 2023

This paper deals with the theoretical investigation of the effect of the Hall current and rotation on ferromagnetic fluids saturating in a porous medium under the varying gravity field. To find the exact solution for a ferromagnetic fluid layer contained between two free boundaries, we have used a linear stability analysis and normal mode analysis methods. A dispersion relation governing the effect of Hall current, rotation and magnetic field is derived. From the study, we have found that the Hall current has stabilizing effect on the system under the condition TA1 > P ε22 M and λ > 0. For λ is less than 0, Hall current has destabilizing effect on the system. Further, rotation is found to have stabilizing effect on the system for the case λ > 0 and destabilizing effect for λ is less than 0. The effect of magnetic field on the system is to stabilize the system under the condition TA1 is less than 4 MεP22 and λ > 0 and to destabilize the system for λ is less than 0. The principle of exchange of stabilities is not satisfied for the present problem while in the absence of rotation and Hall current, it is found to be satisfied under certain condition.
झाबुआ जिले के ग्रामीण क्षेत्र में जनजातीय विद्यार्थियों की शैक्षणिक स्थिति का एक अध्ययन - स्कूल सुविधा एवं उपयोगिता के विशेष संदर्भ में
Authors: शर्मा अर्चना
Published: May 2023

अच्छी शिक्षा पर हर व्यक्ति का अधिकार होता है, जो जीवन में आगे बढ़ने व सफलता प्राप्त करने के लिये बहुत आवश्यक है। स्कूली शिक्षा जीवन की नींव तैयार करती है। यह जीवन के कठिन समय में चुनौतियों का सामना करने में सहायक होती है। पूर्ण स्कूली शिक्षा के दौरान प्राप्त किया गया ज्ञान व्यक्ति को जीवन में आत्मनिर्भर बनाता है। यह जीवन में बेहतर संभावनाओं को प्राप्त करने हेतु विभिन्न अवसरों के मार्ग खोलती है, जिससे कैरियर के विकास को बढ़ावा मिलता है। अच्छी शिक्षा जीवन के विभिन्न उद्देश्यों को पूरा करती है जैसे व्यक्तिगत उन्नति, सामाजिक स्तर का विकास, सामाजिक स्वास्थ्य में सुधार, आर्थिक, सामाजिक स्तर का विकास, सामाजिक लक्ष्यों की प्राप्ति, सामाजिक मुद्दों पर जागरूकता व पर्यावरण संबंधी समस्याओं का समाधान आदि। आधुनिक शिक्षा प्रणाली अशिक्षा, असमानता व गरीबी हटाने में सक्षम है। शिक्षा सभी मानव अधिकारों, सामाजिक अधिकारों, देश के प्रति कŸार्व्यों व दायित्वों को समझने में हमारी सहायता करती है।
EVALUATION OF THE MOBILE LEARNING APPLICATIONS THAT CAN BE USED TO DEVELOP ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS AMONG STUDENTS WITH BLINDNESS IN THE INCLUSIVE CLASS
Authors: Alrefi Maged Hamood Mohammed , Parween S
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the mobile applications that can be used in the inclusive classroom to teach and enhance English language skills among students with blindness. The analytical research design was employed in the current study. Using specific keywords and criteria, a total of 64 Voice Recognition Software (VRS), 31 Optical Character Recognition software (OCR), 34 Text to Speech software (TTS), and 59 e-Dictionaries available in android platform from January to August 2021 were analyzed using accessibility and usability checklist prepared by the authors. The tool's validity and consistency were gained through experts' good judgment and following the inter-rater reliability method. The findings of the study revealed that Google Assistant, Google Translator, SayHi Translator, and Talking Translator were ranked first among the VRS and e-Dictionaries, so they are considered as the best VRS and e-Dictionaries available in android platform that can be used to develop vocabulary and speaking skills among students with blindness. Whereas, Scanner Go, Clear Scanner, vFlat, Documents Scanner, Google Lens and Fast Scan Apps were ranked first among the OCR software. However, T2S, @Voice, Google Lens, and TTS Reader Apps were ranked first among the TTS Apps and considered as the best free TTS Apps available in android platform. Therefore, they are highly recommended to be used by general teachers in inclusive settings to compensate the lack of special technology, adapt the English subject curriculum for students with blindness, and enhance the students' self-learning and participation in the English class.
EFFECTIVENESS OF DISCRETE TRIAL TEACHING AND INCIDENTAL TEACHING STRATEGY TO DEVELOP RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE SKILLS AMONG CHILDREN WITH ASD,YEMEN (COMPARISON STUDY)
Authors: Al-Gashany Amani Qasim Ahmed , Chandra Saumya
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to compare between the effect of Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT) and Incidental Teaching Strategy (ITS) to develop receptive language skills among children with ASD in Yemen. The study adopt single subject experimental research design that involved Six Children in age range of 5-10 years. The researchers develop assessment tool to assess the receptive language skills consist of two parts asper age groups (5-7) and (8-10) years. Wilcoxon sign-rank test has been used to analyse. The study found that there is a significant difference between the DTT and ITS on receptive language skills among CwASD in favour DTT. The study concluded that using more than one strategy with the autistic child allows knowing the child's interests and abilities, and using them to better and more accurately meet the child's needs.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH ART: GLOBAL SCENARIO
Authors: Swarnakar Namrata
Published: May 2023

Art and culture are the centre of development. Art is playing an enormous role in shaping the life and missions our cultural visions and aspirations of office society. Art is essential for cultural understanding and hence Global sustainability. Yet any significant sustainability initiative is related to the individual level. Both art and sustainability are processes that can lead to a creative outcome. Sustainability rests on the notion that individuals have to be both conscious of our place on the planet and embrace the values that enable us to leave sustainability at the individual level. Art can help people to become conscious of the state of our planet and assist in negotiating the values that will support sustainable living while working on environmental issues authentically as an artist one can find different ways to engage people when artists are able to show the integrity of their art and find ways to interweave the artistic that into a movement and to be validated and respected for it that is sustainability. Art is a model for sustainability because the basic values in art stem from the desire to communicate meaningful experiences that resonate over time. Even fleeting fugitive and Temporary experiences endure . A Dance, song, a vision becomes embodied and remembered, Re -communicated, recycled and re- embraced. Creativity and art is a model for sustainability because the basic values in art stem from the desire to communicate meaningful experiences that resonate overtime. If sustainability is a movement towards long-term well being acting now so as to impact a better future then it is a natural partner . One of the most important factors to affect contemporary art has been cultural and economic globalization. Increasingly International art exhibitions draw their contents from all over the world and artists address a wide range of subjects relating to this developing situation . Globalization changes the way Nations businesses and people interact specifically it changes the nature of economic activity among Nations expanding trade opening Global supply chains and providing access to natural resources and Labor markets.
A PILOT STUDY ON EVALUATION OF PATIENT SATISFACTION THROUGH DIETARY SERVICES IN GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, SECTOR-32 CHANDIGARH, INDIA
Authors: Arora Madhu , Thakur Sheetal , Gupta Ravi
Published: May 2023

Various research studies on hospital food services and patient satisfaction have been conducted globally. The quality of dietary services is one of the important aspects of health care. Indian studies in this field are very few, thus this pilot study was conducted as an insight for a similar future study on a large scale. A cross sectional study was carried out in Government Medical College and Hospital, sector 32, Chandigarh. Fifty-nine patients were selected randomly from private and general wards- mainly Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oncology and Burn unit. A self-structured questionnaire was prepared for assessing satisfaction of the patients regarding food quality and food services. The data was collected and analyzed for all parameters of demographic profile of hospital patients selected, and their interview responses. Most patients (96.3%) were satisfied with the food and food service staff according to their responses. Correlations between most parameters were positive and highly significant at (p is less than 0.01) and (Pis less than 0.05) level. No impact of Age and BMI was seen on any of the variable at 95% confidence level as probability value greater than 0.05. Chi-square test of patient satisfaction responses showed asymptotic significance as p-value was 0.00. Effectiveness of results of this pilot study were understood as potential effectiveness. Focus was on feasibility and not on statistical significance. It also shows that the large-scale study will be feasible without changes in protocol. Confidence intervals showed that the pilot study testing can significantly reduce any flaws in the research approach. Amendments for future study are that the questions are properly framed to ensure that patients eat well, and leave the hospital with improved physical and mental health; and all aspects of dietary services should be well organized.
माध्यमिक स्तर पर सामाजिक अध्यययन विषय के षिक्षण हेतु परम्परागत एवं नवाचार तकनीकों का विद्यालय स्तर पर विद्यार्थियो की उपलब्धि एवं सृजनात्मकता पर प्रभाव का अध्ययन।
Authors: गुप्ता पूजा , मेहरा बनवारी  लाल
Published: May 2023

किसी भी विषय या अध्ययन की विष्वसनीयता वैधता व मनोवैज्ञानिक निष्कर्ष प्राप्त करने के लिए तथ्यों के आधार पर किया गया अध्ययन या खोज षोध कहलाता है। षोध के निष्चित उद्देष्य होते है। जिनकी सहायता से षोधकर्ता अपने लक्ष्य को प्राप्त करता है तथा अध्ययन को अंतिम रूप प्रदान करता है।
प्रस्तुत षोध कार्य षोधार्थी द्वारा उपरोक्त मूल्यों का पालन करते हुए किया है। इस षोध कार्य से आगामी षोध कार्यो के लिए सत्यता व षुद्धता में वृद्धि होगी।
षिक्षा अनुसंधान के क्षेत्र में ऐसे निष्कर्ष अत्यन्त मूल्यवान व उपयोगी होते है। यह षोध कार्य का अंतिम लेकिन आवष्यक बिन्दु होता है। अतः प्रस्तुत षोध ‘‘नवाचारों की प्रभावषीलता’’ जानने के लिए षोधार्थी व्यापक दृष्टिकोण एवं विष्लेषण का प्रयोग करते हुए संकलित किये गये आकड़ों के आधार पर निष्कर्ष एवं सुझाव का वर्णन किया है।
STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ACTIVITY BASED PROGRAM FOR
VALUE EDUCATION ON THE MORAL JUDGMENT OF STUDENTS
Authors: Kasture P. B.
Published: May 2023

It is obvious that human life and Science are closely interlinked. Teachers should try their best creating conducive environment to inculcate values in students, right from their school life in order to create a progressive society. Teachers can best generate such an environment during the Science period through various action-oriented programs .While considering the nature of education it is necessary to take into account the moral judgment to enable students to adjust efficiently in all occupations and lifestyle by bringing about a transformation in them. The people who develop in moral judgment are those who love to learn, who seek new challenges, who enjoy intellectually stimulating environments, who are reflective, who make plans and set goals, who take risks, who see themselves in the larger social contexts of history and institutions and broad cultural trends, who take responsibility for themselves and their environs. Therefore Students should be enabled to make their decisions on their own. Teacher should be encouraged to develop their own moral judgment. The objectives of the study were to develop activity based program for developing the moral judgment among students and to implement the activity based program and to measure the effectiveness of the program. The researcher developed activity based program for enhancement of moral judgment. Moral judgment test by Sinha and Varma has been administered on a random sampling of 300 fifth std. students. The data was analyzed using‘t’ test. The study showed that the Values could be inculcated through activity-based program and the activity-based program prepared by the researcher was effective for development of moral judgment.
Manejo agronómico: Análisis de suelos y requerimientos nutricionales
Authors: Aguilar Aguilar Paula Andrea , Velásquez Arroyo Carlos Enrique , Domínguez Pulgarín Cristian , Latorre Gonzalez Michael Ángel , Mira Herrera Rosa Helen
Published: May 2023

Es fundamental conocer las características físicas, químicas y biológicas del suelo. Los análisis de suelos, indican la disponibilidad de los nutrientes para el cultivo, los cuales, junto con los requerimientos nutricionales del fríjol, proporcionarán la información necesaria para una fertilización adecuada. Una buena toma de muestra y un adecuado análisis de los resultados, permitirán diseñar un plan de fertilización apropiado, adaptado al lote y al cultivo.
https://repository.agrosavia.co/handle/20.500.12324/37242
Authors: Aguilar Aguilar Paula Andrea , Velásquez Arroyo Carlos Enrique , Domínguez Pulgarín Cristian , Latorre Gonzalez Michael Ángel , Mira Herrera Rosa Helen
Published: May 2023

Biomas, Suelos, Requerimiento hídrico, Temperatura y Radiación solar
Establecimiento : Estrategias para el establecimiento
Authors: Barragán Hernández Wilson Andrés , Carvajal Bazurto Christian Thomas , Portilla Pinzón Danilo , Upegui Gómez Sara Isabel
Published: May 2023

Renovar, es la intervención para establecer sistemas silvopastoriles que requiere mecanización y cambio de pastura. La recuperación consiste en conservar la pastura e incluir árboles y arbustos en el potrero.
Manejo de plagas y enfermedades: Diaphorina citri insecto vector del HLB de los cítricos
Authors: Kondo Rodríguez Demian Takumasa , Lopez Galé Yeison
Published: May 2023

La transmisión del HLB se da a través del adulto y ninfas de los instares III, IV y V. El adulto se reconoce por su postura en ángulo de 45°, alas de color castaño, antenas pequeñas y de punta negra. Las ninfas son de color amarillo, ojos rojos, alas primordiales y antenas bien desarrolladas.
Variedades de soya e híbridos de maíz para el sistema: épocas y densidades de siembra de soya e híbridos de maíz
Authors: Rodríguez Nubia , Argüello Tovar José Orlando
Published: May 2023

El sistema maíz- soya requiere una rotación alterna de variedades de soya e híbridos de maíz, adecuada y oportuna, en función del recurso hídrico disponible y del ciclo de cultivo.
Decentralized Medical Data Sharing with Off-chain Storage and View-based Access Control: System Design Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jeon Hajin , Yoon Hyung-Jin , Lee Jemin , Kim Min-Soo
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Recently, many blockchain-based medical data sharing systems using off-chain storage have been proposed. However, these systems have some drawbacks such as being incompletely decentralized, low adaptability to cloud storages, high cost, and low security. It is non-trivial to address the drawbacks due to the transparency, immutability, and decentralization of a blockchain platform.

OBJECTIVE

Our goal is to design a decentralized medical data sharing system with off-chain storage that addresses all the above drawbacks.

METHODS

We propose the VASCO (View-based AccesS COntrol) system that does not rely on any central server including a key generation one, not rely on any special cloud storage including IPFS, not use a secure channel, encrypts both data and metadata, and supports end-to-end encryption (E2EE). We achieve it by designing eight chaincodes rigorously based on view-based access control. For a medical data ecosystem that consists of six stakeholders: patients, hospitals, biobanks, data producers, laboratories, and institutional review boards (IRBs), we present how typical flows of medical data in the ecosystem can be achieved by using the proposed chaincodes.

RESULTS

We showed that VASCO is superior to the existing systems in terms of seven perspectives including security, decentralization, cost and cloud adaptability. We also analyzed the performance of the chaincodes of VASCO in term of data size, number of paths, and number of users.

CONCLUSIONS

VASCO is a promising medical data sharing system that can provide secure and efficient sharing of medical data while preserving patient privacy. The result of this study provides a potential to improve patient outcomes and advance medical research for the ecosystem that consists of various stakeholders including patients, hospitals, and laboratories.
Interactive Health Technology Tool for Kidney Living Donor Assessment to Standardize the Informed Consent Process: Usability and Qualitative Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Ortiz Fernanda , Grasberger Juulia , Ekstrand Agneta , Helanterä Ilkka , Giunti Guido
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Kidney living donation carries risks, yet standardized information provision regarding nephrectomy risks and psychological impacts for candidates remains lacking.

OBJECTIVE

This study assesses the benefit of interactive health technology in improving the informed consent process for kidney living donation.

METHODS

The Kidney Hub institutional open portal offers comprehensive information on kidney disease and donation. Individuals willing to start the kidney living donation process at Helsinki University Hospital (January 2019-January 2022) were invited to use the patient-tailored digital care path (Living Donor Digital Care Path) included in the Kidney Hub. This platform provides detailed donation process information and facilitates communication between health care professionals and patients. eHealth literacy was evaluated via the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS), usability with the System Usability Scale (SUS), and system utility through Likert-scale surveys with scores of 1-5. Qualitative content analysis addressed an open-ended question.

RESULTS

The Kidney Hub portal received over 8000 monthly visits, including to its sections on donation benefits (n=1629 views) and impact on donors’ lives (n=4850 views). Of 127 living kidney donation candidates, 7 did not use Living Donor Digital Care Path. Users’ ages ranged from 20 to 79 years, and they exchanged over 3500 messages. A total of 74 living donor candidates participated in the survey. Female candidates more commonly searched the internet about kidney donation (n=79 female candidates vs n=48 male candidates; P=.04). The mean eHEALS score correlated with internet use for health decisions (r=0.45; P<.001) and its importance (r=0.40; P=.01). Participants found that the Living Donor Digital Care Path was technically satisfactory (mean SUS score 4.4, SD 0.54) and useful but not pivotal in donation decision-making. Concerns focused on postsurgery coping for donors and recipients.

CONCLUSIONS

Telemedicine effectively educates living kidney donor candidates on the donation process. The Living Donor Digital Care Path serves as a valuable eHealth tool, aiding clinicians in standardizing steps toward informed consent.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04791670; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04791670

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051166
Development and evaluation of a quality assessment tool for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy videos: a review and comparison of academic and online video resources (Preprint)
Authors: Alghazawi Laith , Fadel Michael G , Chen Jun Yu , Das Bibek , Robb Henry , Rodriguez-Luna Maria Rita , Fakih-Gomez Naim , Perretta Silvana , Ashrafian Hutan , Fehervari Matyas
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Video recording of surgical procedures is increasing in popularity. They are presented in various platforms, many of which are not peer-reviewed. Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) videos are widely available, however, there is limited evidence supporting the use of reporting guidelines when uploading LSG videos to create a valuable educational video.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to determine the variations and establish the quality of published LSG videos, in both peer-reviewed literature and on YouTube, using a newly designed checklist to improve the quality and enhance the transparency of video reporting.

METHODS

A quality assessment tool was designed by using existing research and society guidelines, such as the Bariatric Metabolic Surgery Standardization (BMSS). A systematic review using PRISMA guidelines was performed on MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to identify video case reports (academic videos) and a similar search was performed on the commercial YouTube platform (commercial videos) simultaneously. All videos displaying LSG were reviewed and scored using the quality assessment tool. Academic and commercial videos were subsequently compared and an evidence-based checklist was created.

RESULTS

A total of 93 LSG recordings including 26 academic and 67 commercial videos were reviewed. Mean score of the checklist was 5/11 and 4/11 for videos published in articles and YouTube, respectively. Academic videos had higher rates of describing instruments used, such as orogastric tube (P < 0.001) and stapler information (P = 0.04). Fifty-four percent of academic videos described short-term patient outcomes, while not reported in commercial videos (P < 0.001). Sleeve resection status was not universally reported.

CONCLUSIONS

Videos published in the academic literature are describing steps in greater detail with more emphasis on specific technical elements and patient outcomes and thus have a higher educational value. A new quality assessment tool has been proposed for video reporting guidelines to improve the reliability and value of published video research.
Robot-enhanced disease management with the community pharmacy as a hub: A user-centered prototype design for health care robot treating type 2 diabetes (Preprint)
Authors: Chiu Ching-Ju , Hua Lin-Chun , Hou Szu-Yu , Chiang Jung-Hsien , Chou Chieh-Ying
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Technology can be an effective tool for providing health services and disease self-management, especially in diabetes care. Technology tools for disease self-management include health-related applications in computers, smartphones, and robots. To provide a more effective continuity of care and to better understand and facilitate disease management in middle-aged and elderly diabetics, robots can be used to improve the quality of care and supplement community health resources, such as community pharmacies.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to develop a health care robot prototype that can be integrated into current community pharmacies.

METHODS

Three user-centered approaches were used: (1) Review of the literature about elderly technology use, (2) reference to guidelines for diabetes care by the American Association of Diabetes Educators 7 (AADE7) and, (3) meeting with health care providers in the community. Field investigations and interviews were conducted at community pharmacies and diabetes health education centers to determine the content, function, interface and appearance of the robot.

RESULTS

The results show that diabetes health care prototype robots can be established through user-centered design. Important features were revealed: (1) perceived ease of use is considered as a friendly operating interface, therefore, less than 3 buttons in one interface; (2) minimization of the interface between blue and yellow, which is unfriendly to the elderly; (3) the health education mode was most welcome with sound, image, and video presentation; (4) the most predilected functions are health education resources and health records, and that patient data can be easily collected through health education games and dialogue with robots; and (5) touching the screen is the most preferred operation mode.

CONCLUSIONS

It was concluded that an evidence-based care robot can be developed through user-centered design, an approach in which a model that connects medical needs to people with health conditions can be built, to facilitate the sustainable development of technology in the diabetes care field.
Effects of Intervention Timing on Health-Related Fake News: Simulation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gwon Nahyun , Jeong Wonjeong , Kim Jee Hyun , Oh Kyoung Hee , Jun Jae Kwan
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Fake health-related news has spread rapidly through the internet, causing harm to individuals and society. Despite interventions, a fenbendazole scandal recently spread among patients with lung cancer in South Korea. It is crucial to intervene appropriately to prevent the spread of fake news.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated the appropriate timing of interventions to minimize the side effects of fake news.

METHODS

A simulation was conducted using the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model, which is a representative model of the virus spread mechanism. We applied this model to the fake news spread mechanism. The parameters were set similarly to those in the digital environment, where the fenbendazole scandal occurred. NetLogo, an agent-based model, was used as the analytical tool.

RESULTS

Fake news lasted 278 days in the absence of interventions. As a result of adjusting and analyzing the timing of the intervention in response to the fenbendazole scandal, we found that faster intervention leads to a shorter duration of fake news (intervention at 54 days = fake news that lasted for 210 days; intervention at 16 days = fake news that lasted for 187 days; and intervention at 10 days = fake news that lasted for 157 days). However, no significant differences were observed when the intervention was performed within 10 days.

CONCLUSIONS

Interventions implemented within 10 days were effective in reducing the duration of the spread of fake news. Our findings suggest that timely intervention is critical for preventing the spread of fake news in the digital environment. Additionally, a monitoring system that can detect fake news should be developed for a rapid response
Examining the Emotional and Physical Health Impact in Users of Open-Source Automated Insulin Delivery and Sources of Support: Qualitative Analysis of Patient Narratives (Preprint)
Authors: Cleal Bryan , Chen Yanbing , Wäldchen Mandy , Ballhausen Hanne , Cooper Drew , O'Donnell Shane , Knoll Christine , Krug Niklas , Raile Klemens , Ubben Tebbe , Tappe Adrian , Lewis Dana , Willaing Ingrid , Skinner Timothy , Braune Katarina
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Although commercially developed automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have recently been approved and become available in a limited number of countries, they are not universally available, accessible, or affordable. Therefore, open-source AID systems, cocreated by an online community of people with diabetes and their families behind the hashtag #WeAreNotWaiting, have become increasingly popular.

OBJECTIVE

This study focused on examining the lived experiences, physical and emotional health implications of people with diabetes following the initiation of open-source AID systems, their perceived challenges, and their sources of support, which have not been explored in the existing literature.

METHODS

We collected data from 383 participants across 29 countries through 2 sets of open-ended questions in a web-based survey on their experience of building and using open-source AID systems. Narratives were thematically analyzed, and a coding framework was identified through iterative alignment.

RESULTS

Participants consistently reported improvements in glycemia, physical health, sleep quality, emotional impact on everyday life, and quality of life. Knowledge of open-source AID systems was largely obtained through the #WeAreNotWaiting community, which was also the primary source of practical and emotional support. The acquisition of the components to build an open-source AID system and the technical setup were sometimes problematic.

CONCLUSIONS

The #WeAreNotWaiting movement represents a primary example of how informed and connected patients proactively address their unmet needs, provide peer support to each other, and obtain results through impactful, user-driven solutions. Alongside providing evidence on the safety and efficacy of open-source AID systems, this qualitative analysis helps in understanding how patients’ experiences and benefits range from psychosocial improvements to a reduction in the burden of managing diabetes.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/15368
Occupational Therapy Students’ Evidence-Based Practice Skills as Reported in a Mobile App: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Johnson Susanne G , Espehaug Birgitte , Larun Lillebeth , Ciliska Donna , Olsen Nina Rydland
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an important aspect of the health care education curriculum. EBP involves following the 5 EBP steps: ask, assess, appraise, apply, and audit. These 5 steps reflect the suggested core competencies covered in teaching and learning programs to support future health care professionals applying EBP. When implementing EBP teaching, assessing outcomes by documenting the student’s performance and skills is relevant. This can be done using mobile devices.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess occupational therapy students’ EBP skills as reported in a mobile app.

METHODS

We applied a cross-sectional design. Descriptive statistics were used to present frequencies, percentages, means, and ranges of data regarding EBP skills found in the EBPsteps app. Associations between students’ ability to formulate the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome/Population, Interest, and Context (PICO/PICo) elements and identifying relevant research evidence were analyzed with the chi-square test.

RESULTS

Of 4 cohorts with 150 students, 119 (79.3%) students used the app and produced 240 critically appraised topics (CATs) in the app. The EBP steps “ask,” “assess,” and “appraise” were often correctly performed. The clinical question was formulated correctly in 53.3% (128/240) of the CATs, and students identified research evidence in 81.2% (195/240) of the CATs. Critical appraisal checklists were used in 81.2% (195/240) of the CATs, and most of these checklists were assessed as relevant for the type of research evidence identified (165/195, 84.6%). The least frequently correctly reported steps were “apply” and “audit.” In 39.6% (95/240) of the CATs, it was reported that research evidence was applied. Only 61% (58/95) of these CATs described how the research was applied to clinical practice. Evaluation of practice changes was reported in 38.8% (93/240) of the CATs. However, details about practice changes were lacking in all these CATs. A positive association was found between correctly reporting the "population" and "interventions/interest" elements of the PICO/PICo and identifying research evidence (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

We assessed the students’ EBP skills based on how they documented following the EBP steps in the EBPsteps app, and our results showed variations in how well the students mastered the steps. “Apply” and “audit” were the most difficult EBP steps for the students to perform, and this finding has implications and gives directions for further development of the app and educational instruction in EBP. The EBPsteps app is a new and relevant app for students to learn and practice EBP, and it can be used to assess students’ EBP skills objectively.
Improving Detection of ChatGPT-Generated Fake BioMedical Science Using Real Publication Text: Introducing xFakeBibs a Supervised-Learning Network Algorithm (Preprint)
Authors: Hamed Ahmed , Wu Xindong
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

ChatGPT is becoming a new reality. Where do we go from here?

OBJECTIVE

is to show how we can distinguish ChatGPT-generated publications from counterparts produced by biomedical scientists.

METHODS

By means of a new algorithm, called xFakeBibs, we show the significant difference between ChatGPT-generated fake publications and real publications. Specifically, we triggered ChatGPT to generate 100 publications that were related to Alzheimer’s disease and comorbidity. Using the TF-IDF measure against a dataset of real publications, we constructed a network training model of the bigrams extracted from 100 publications. By 10-folds of 100 publications each, we built 10 calibrating networks to derive lower/upper bounds for classifying an article as real or fake. The final step of the algorithm is designed to test xFakeBibs against each of the ChatGPT-generated articles and predict its class. The xFakeBibs algorithm successfully assigned the POSITIVE label for real and NEGATIVE for fake ones.

RESULTS

When comparing the training model with the calibration models, we found that the similarities fluctuated between (19%-21%) of bigram overlaps. The calibrating folds contributed (51%-70%) of new bigrams, while ChatGPT contributed only 23% (> 50% of any of the other 10 calibrating folds). When classifying the individual articles, the xFakeBibs algorithm predicted 98/100 publications as fake, while 2 articles failed the test and were classified as real publications.

CONCLUSIONS

This work provided clear evidence on how to distinguish ChatGPT-generated articles from real articles. The analysis demonstrated how such contents are distinguishable in bulk. Also, the algorithmic approach demonstrated the detection the individual fake articles with a high degree of accuracy. However, it remains challenging to detect all fake records. ChatGPT may seem to be a useful tool, but it certainly presents a threat to our authentic knowledge and real science. This work is indeed a step in the right direction to counter fake science and misinformation.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Barriers to and Facilitators of Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Health Care: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Hassan Masooma , Kushniruk Andre , Borycki Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI) use cases in health care are on the rise, with the potential to improve operational efficiency and care outcomes. However, the translation of AI into practical, everyday use has been limited, as its effectiveness relies on successful implementation and adoption by clinicians, patients, and other health care stakeholders.

OBJECTIVE

As adoption is a key factor in the successful proliferation of an innovation, this scoping review aimed at presenting an overview of the barriers to and facilitators of AI adoption in health care.

METHODS

A scoping review was conducted using the guidance provided by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. MEDLINE, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect databases were searched to identify publications in English that reported on the barriers to or facilitators of AI adoption in health care. This review focused on articles published between January 2011 and December 2023. The review did not have any limitations regarding the health care setting (hospital or community) or the population (patients, clinicians, physicians, or health care administrators). A thematic analysis was conducted on the selected articles to map factors associated with the barriers to and facilitators of AI adoption in health care.

RESULTS

A total of 2514 articles were identified in the initial search. After title and abstract reviews, 50 (1.99%) articles were included in the final analysis. These articles were reviewed for the barriers to and facilitators of AI adoption in health care. Most articles were empirical studies, literature reviews, reports, and thought articles. Approximately 18 categories of barriers and facilitators were identified. These were organized sequentially to provide considerations for AI development, implementation, and the overall structure needed to facilitate adoption.

CONCLUSIONS

The literature review revealed that trust is a significant catalyst of adoption, and it was found to be impacted by several barriers identified in this review. A governance structure can be a key facilitator, among others, in ensuring all the elements identified as barriers are addressed appropriately. The findings demonstrate that the implementation of AI in health care is still, in many ways, dependent on the establishment of regulatory and legal frameworks. Further research into a combination of governance and implementation frameworks, models, or theories to enhance trust that would specifically enable adoption is needed to provide the necessary guidance to those translating AI research into practice. Future research could also be expanded to include attempts at understanding patients’ perspectives on complex, high-risk AI use cases and how the use of AI applications affects clinical practice and patient care, including sociotechnical considerations, as more algorithms are implemented in actual clinical environments.
Methodological Frameworks and Dimensions to Be Considered in Digital Health Technology Assessment: Scoping Review and Thematic Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Segur-Ferrer Joan , Moltó-Puigmartí Carolina , Pastells-Peiró Roland , Vivanco-Hidalgo Rosa Maria
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Digital health technologies (dHTs) offer a unique opportunity to address some of the major challenges facing health care systems worldwide. However, the implementation of dHTs raises some concerns, such as the limited understanding of their real impact on health systems and people’s well-being or the potential risks derived from their use. In this context, health technology assessment (HTA) is 1 of the main tools that health systems can use to appraise evidence and determine the value of a given dHT. Nevertheless, due to the nature of dHTs, experts highlight the need to reconsider the frameworks used in traditional HTA.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review (ScR) aimed to identify the methodological frameworks used worldwide for digital health technology assessment (dHTA); determine what domains are being considered; and generate, through a thematic analysis, a proposal for a methodological framework based on the most frequently described domains in the literature.

METHODS

The ScR was performed in accordance with the guidelines established in the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. We searched 7 databases for peer reviews and gray literature published between January 2011 and December 2021. The retrieved studies were screened using Rayyan in a single-blind manner by 2 independent authors, and data were extracted using ATLAS.ti software. The same software was used for thematic analysis.

RESULTS

The systematic search retrieved 3061 studies (n=2238, 73.1%, unique), of which 26 (0.8%) studies were included. From these, we identified 102 methodological frameworks designed for dHTA. These frameworks revealed great heterogeneity between them due to their different structures, approaches, and items to be considered in dHTA. In addition, we identified different wording used to refer to similar concepts. Through thematic analysis, we reduced this heterogeneity. In the first phase of the analysis, 176 provisional codes related to different assessment items emerged. In the second phase, these codes were clustered into 86 descriptive themes, which, in turn, were grouped in the third phase into 61 analytical themes and organized through a vertical hierarchy of 3 levels: level 1 formed by 13 domains, level 2 formed by 38 dimensions, and level 3 formed by 11 subdimensions. From these 61 analytical themes, we developed a proposal for a methodological framework for dHTA.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a need to adapt the existing frameworks used for dHTA or create new ones to more comprehensively assess different kinds of dHTs. Through this ScR, we identified 26 studies including 102 methodological frameworks and tools for dHTA. The thematic analysis of those 26 studies led to the definition of 12 domains, 38 dimensions, and 11 subdimensions that should be considered in dHTA.
Assessing the Performance of ChatGPT's Responses to Questions Related to Epilepsy: A Cross-Sectional Study on Natural Language Processing and Medical Information Retrieval (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Hyun-Woo , Shin Dong-Hyeon , Kim Jiyoung , Lee Gha-Hyun , Cho Jae Wook
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder, and accurate information about the condition is crucial for those affected. As natural language processing models such as ChatGPT become increasingly popular for accessing medical information, it is important to evaluate their accuracy and reliability.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of ChatGPT in providing educational information related to epilepsy.

METHODS

We evaluated the accuracy and educational quality of ChatGPT's responses to 57 questions commonly asked by epilepsy patients or their caregivers using the “Epilepsy Patient and Caregiver Guide” from the Korean Epilepsy Society. The questions were divided into categories and entered into ChatGPT 4 version and 3.5 for comparison. Responses were evaluated by two epileptologists, with a third epileptologist serving as the final arbiter in cases of disagreement. ChatGPT 4's performance was compared to that of ChatGPT 3.5 and the official guide. Evaluations were categorized into four grades and compared using a standardized method in cases of disagreement.

RESULTS

Among the 57 questions, 40 responses had “sufficient educational value,” while 16 were “correct but inadequate.” Only one response was “mixed with correct and incorrect” information, and no responses were found to be “incorrect.” Comparison with ChatGPT 3.5 showed that GPT-4 performed better or similar in most questions, except for two instances where GPT-3.5 provided better answers. Compared to the official epilepsy guide, GPT-4 also had better or similar responses for most of the questions, with four exceptions where the official guide had better answers.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates the potential of ChatGPT-4 as a tool for providing accessible and helpful medical information related to epilepsy. Although there are many concerns about the use of GPT models for medical education, they can still be considered to decrease the burden on healthcare professionals with respect to patient education. More research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and limitations of using language models such as ChatGPT in healthcare and medicine.
Triangulating Truth and Reaching Consensus on Population Size, Prevalence, and More: Modeling Study (Preprint)
Authors: Fellows Ian E , Corcoran Carl , McIntyre Anne F
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Population size, prevalence, and incidence are essential metrics that influence public health programming and policy. However, stakeholders are frequently tasked with setting performance targets, reporting global indicators, and designing policies based on multiple (often incongruous) estimates of these variables, and they often do so in the absence of a formal, transparent framework for reaching a consensus estimate.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe a model to synthesize multiple study estimates while incorporating stakeholder knowledge, introduce an R Shiny app to implement the model, and demonstrate the model and app using real data.

METHODS

In this study, we developed a Bayesian hierarchical model to synthesize multiple study estimates that allow the user to incorporate the quality of each estimate as a confidence score. The model was implemented as a user-friendly R Shiny app aimed at practitioners of population size estimation. The underlying Bayesian model was programmed in Stan for efficient sampling and computation.

RESULTS

The app was demonstrated using biobehavioral survey-based population size estimates (and accompanying confidence scores) of female sex workers and men who have sex with men from 3 survey locations in a country in sub-Saharan Africa. The consensus results incorporating confidence scores are compared with the case where they are absent, and the results with confidence scores are shown to perform better according to an app-supplied metric for unaccounted-for variation.

CONCLUSIONS

The utility of the triangulator model, including the incorporation of confidence scores, as a user-friendly app is demonstrated using a use case example. Our results offer empirical evidence of the model’s effectiveness in producing an accurate consensus estimate and emphasize the significant impact that the accessible model and app offer for public health. It offers a solution to the long-standing problem of synthesizing multiple estimates, potentially leading to more informed and evidence-based decision-making processes. The Triangulator has broad utility and flexibility to be adapted and used in various other contexts and regions to address similar challenges.