bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morning sympathetic activity after evening binge alcohol consumption
Authors: Greenlund Ian M. , Cunningham Hannah A. , Tikkanen Anne L. , Bigalke Jeremy A. , Smoot Carl A. , Durocher John J. , Carter Jason R.
Published: November 2020

Chronic binge alcohol consumption is associated with future cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in both men and women. In addition, binge alcohol consumption is known to disrupt normal sleep quality during the early morning hours, coinciding with the morning sympathetic surge. In the present study, an evening of binge alcohol consumption increased baseline morning heart rate and cardiovascular reactivity during the Valsalva maneuver (VM) strain. Specifically, muscle sympathetic nerve activity and phase IV hemodynamic responses increased during VM the morning after binge alcohol consumption. The autonomic dysfunction and increased cardiovascular reactivity during VM suggests a contributing mechanism to CVD risk present in individuals who binge drink.
The Oral Mucosa Status and the Correlation between the Functional Parameters and the Level of Nitric Oxide Metabolites in Saliva among Patients with GERD
Authors: Lukina G. I. , Ivannikova A. V. , Abramova M. Y. , Kuzmina E. M. , Lukin A. V. , Alimova A. V. , Slabkovskaya A. B.
Published: November 2020

The study involved 91 patients (48 women and 43 men), aged from 18 to 70 years with GERD. All patients underwent the clinical dental examination according to a single scheme including general clinical manifestations (nausea, single vomiting, belching, heartburn, pain in the epigastrium and around the navel, and poor appetite) and dental manifestations of GERD. The objective assessment of the dental status of the examined patients included the measurement of the functional parameters of the mixed saliva, buffer capacity (BC) of saliva, and the detection of the nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) content in saliva from the right parotid salivary gland (“SRPSG”) and in blood serum using the indirect method based on the determination of the stable metabolites: nitrates and nitrites using the Griess reaction. It was established that salivation rate among patients with GERD with the prevailing of ACR and SACR was at the lower limit of normal values (0.32 + 0.19 ml/min), and the salivation rate among patients with the prevailing of SALCR was low (0.10 + 0.04 ml/min). The BC of saliva among patients with the prevailing of ACR and SACR was high (9.07 + 1.23 mmol eq/l and 9.40 + 1.71 mmol eq/l, respectively) and was reduced among patients with the prevailing of SALCR (7.63 + 0.18 mmol eq/l). The NOx level in SRPSG among patients with GERD was increased (especially in Group 3 (20.93 + 11.23 umol/l)). The direct correlation between the indicators of sialometry, the level of the BC of saliva, and the NOx level in SRPSG were established during the study.
Interesting Scenarios during Radiofrequency Ablation of Varicose Veins at University Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Vaidya S. , Karmacharya R. M. , Singh A. K. , Thapa P.
Published: November 2020

A varicose vein is a common venous condition which affects the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein causing symptoms of pain, edema, itchiness, pigmentation, and ulceration. There are various modalities of the treatment of varicose veins; however, radiofrequency ablation is among the tested and proven treatments for varicose veins. With every case, there can be some unexpected or interesting scenarios which can pose both technical and surgical difficulties. The main objective of this paper is to introduce these scenarios which can occur despite following the standard protocol and methods both preoperatively and intraoperatively. In these scenarios, the surgeon quickly need to decide how to deal with the aberrations. Based on extensive literature and consensus of a team of three vascular surgeons, lists of interesting scenarios were prepared along with their definition. Any occurrences of such scenarios were noted in the operation theatre note. Here, we describe 39 (6.38%) interesting cases among 611 cases of radiofrequency ablation that was performed in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, from January 2014 until December 2019. Despite following the proper protocol, we can face many unexpected challenges preoperatively, peroperatively, and postoperatively. From this article, we concluded that vigilance of all the factors and proper Doppler ultrasonography can help in identifying most of these scenarios and aid in making proper surgical planning.
Collective Housing of Mice of Different Age Groups before Maturity Affects Mouse Behavior
Authors: Ueno Hiroshi , Suemitsu Shunsuke , Murakami Shinji , Kitamura Naoya , Wani Kenta , Takahashi Yu , Matsumoto Yosuke , Okamoto Motoi , Ishihara Takeshi
Published: November 2020

Background. Although population housing is recommended by many animal management and ethical guidelines, the effect of collective housing of mice of different age groups on mouse behavior has not been clarified. Since the development of the central nervous system continues to occur before sexual maturation, the stress of social ranking formation among male individuals in mixed housing conditions can affect postmaturation behavior. To assess these effects, sexually immature mice of different ages were housed in the same cage and a series of behavioral tests were performed after maturation. Results. The findings for three groups of mice—junior mice housed with older mice, senior mice housed with younger mice, and mice housed with other mice of the same age—were compared. Junior mice showed higher body weight and activity as well as lower grip strength and anxiety-like behaviors than other mice. In contrast, senior mice showed lower body temperature and increased aggression, antinociceptive effect, and home-cage activity in the dark period in comparison with other mice. Conclusions. Thus, combined housing of immature mice of different age groups affects mouse behavior after maturation. Appropriate prematuration housing conditions are crucial to eliminate the uncontrollable bias caused by age-related social stratification.
Effects of Chronic Ethanol Consumption and Ovariectomy on the Spontaneous Alveolar Bone Loss in Rats
Authors: Nascimento Priscila Cunha , Bittencourt Leonardo Oliveira , Pinto Soraya O. , Santana Luana N. S. , Souza-Rodrigues Renata Duarte , Pereira-Neto Armando L. , Maia Cristiane S. F. , Rösing Cassiano K. , Lima Rafael Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

Postmenopausal estrogen deficiency and ethanol (EtOH) abuse are known risk factors for different diseases including bone tissues. However, little is known about the synergic effects of EtOH abuse and estrogen deficiency on alveolar bone loss in women. The present study evaluated the effects of EtOH chronic exposure and ovariectomy on the alveolar bone loss in female rats. For this, 40 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, EtOH exposure, ovariectomy (OVX), and OVX plus EtOH exposure. Initially, half of the animals were ovariectomized at 75 days of age. After that, the groups received distilled water or EtOH 6.5 g/kg/day (20% w/v) for 55 days via gavage. Thereafter, animals were sacrificed and the mandibles were collected, dissected, and separated into hemimandibles. Alveolar bone loss was evaluated by measuring the distance between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar bone crest through a stereomicroscope in 3 different anatomical regions of the tissue. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey were used to compare groups (

p
<
0.05

). The results showed that the ovariectomy and EtOH exposure per se were able to induce alveolar bone loss, and their association did intensify significantly the effect. Therefore, OVX associated with heavy EtOH exposure increase the spontaneous alveolar bone loss in rats.
Composite Score of Healthy Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Luu Hung N. , Behari Jaideep , Goh George Boon-Bee , Wang Renwei , Jin Aizhen , Thomas Claire E. , Clemente Jose C. , Odegaard Andrew O. , Koh Woon-Puay , Yuan Jian-Min
Published: November 2020

Background:

While the associations between individual lifestyle factors and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been described previously, their combined impact on HCC risk is unknown.

Methods:

The association of a composite score of healthy lifestyle factors, including body mass index, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, alternative Mediterranean diet, and sleep duration, and HCC risk was examined in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of 63,257 Chinese men and women. Cox proportional hazard regression method was used to estimate HR and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Conditional logistic regression method was used to evaluate this composite lifestyle score–HCC risk association among a subset of individuals who tested negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti–hepatitis C antibody.

Results:

After a mean follow-up of 17.7 years, 561 participants developed HCC. Individuals with higher composite scores representing healthier lifestyles (range 0–8) were at significantly lower risk of HCC. Compared with the lowest composite score category (0–4), the HRs (95% CIs) for the composite scores of 5, 6, 7, and 8 were 0.67 (0.62–0.85), 0.61 (0.48–0.77), 0.49 (0.37–0.65), and 0.13 (0.06–0.30), respectively (Ptrend < 0.0001). A similar inverse association was observed in participants with negative HBsAg and anti–hepatitis C virus (HCV)-negative serology (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.19–0.79; for the highest vs. the lowest category of the composite scores; Ptrend = 0.001).

Conclusions:

Healthy lifestyles protect against HCC development, especially for individuals without hepatitis B virus and HCV infections.

Impact:

This study highlights the importance of a comprehensive lifestyle modification strategy for HCC primary prevention.
Clonal Architecture ofEGFRMutation Predicts the Efficacy of EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced NSCLC: A Prospective Multicenter Study (NCT03059641)
Authors: Ai Xinghao , Cui Jiuwei , Zhang Jiexia , Chen Rongrong , Lin Wen , Xie Congying , Liu Anwen , Zhang Junping , Yang Weihua , Hu Xiaohua , Hu Xiaohua , Zhao Qiong , Rao Chuangzhou , Zang Yuan-Sheng , Ning Ruiling , Li Pansong , Chang Lianpeng , Yi Xin , Lu Shun
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

Clonal architecture is fundamental for the understanding of cancer biology and therapy; however, multiregional sampling in advanced-stage cancers is not always applicable. This prospective clinical trial was to investigate whether paired tissue and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) could describe the clonal architecture of advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its association with clinical outcome (NCT03059641).

Patients and Methods:

Paired tumor and plasma ctDNA samples were sequenced by target-capture deep sequencing of 1,021 genes. Clonal dominance analysis was performed on the basis of PyClone.

Results:

Overall, 300 treatment-naïve patients with stage IIIB–IV NSCLC were recruited from 14 centers. Of the 94 patients with available ctDNA data for EGFR clonal architecture analysis, 72 (76.6%) showed EGFR as the dominant clone. The median progression-free survival was longer for these patients than for the 22 patients whose EGFR was nondominant clone [11 vs. 10 months; HR, 0.46; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.24–0.88; P = 0.02]. The difference was more significant if both tissue and ctDNA defined EGFR as dominant clone (n = 43) versus those not (n = 8; 11 vs. 6 months; HR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04–0.50; P = 0.003). Moreover, multivariate Cox proportional HR analysis demonstrated EGFR clonal architecture as an independent prognostic indicator of the efficacy of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

Conclusions:

Paired tissue and ctDNA could be analyzed for clonal architecture in advanced cancer. EGFR mutations do not always make up a dominant clone in advanced NSCLC, which was associated with the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC.
SLX4IP Promotes Telomere Maintenance in Androgen Receptor–Independent Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer through ALT-like Telomeric PML Localization
Authors: Mangosh Tawna L. , Awadallah Wisam N. , Grabowska Magdalena M. , Taylor Derek J.
Published: November 2020

In advanced prostate cancer, resistance to androgen deprivation therapy is achieved through numerous mechanisms, including loss of the androgen receptor (AR) allowing for AR-independent growth. Therapeutic options are limited for AR-independent castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and defining mechanisms critical for survival is of utmost importance for targeting this lethal disease. Our studies focus on identifying telomere maintenance mechanism (TMM) hallmarks adopted by CRPC to promote survival. TMMs are responsible for telomere elongation to instill replicative immortality and prevent senescence, with the two TMM pathways available being telomerase and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). Here, we show that AR-independent CRPC demonstrates an atypical ALT-like phenotype with variable telomerase expression and activity, whereas AR-dependent models lack discernible ALT hallmarks. In addition, AR-independent CRPC cells exhibited elevated levels of SLX4IP, a protein implicated in promoting ALT. SLX4IP overexpression in AR-dependent C4-2B cells promoted an ALT-like phenotype and telomere maintenance. SLX4IP knockdown in AR-independent DU145 and PC-3 cells led to ALT-like hallmark reduction, telomere shortening, and induction of senescence. In PC-3 xenografts, this effect translated to reduced tumor volume. Using an in vitro model of AR-independent progression, loss of AR in AR-dependent C4-2B cells promoted an atypical ALT-like phenotype in an SLX4IP-dependent manner. Insufficient SLX4IP expression diminished ALT-like hallmarks and resulted in accelerated telomere loss and senescence.

Implications:

This study demonstrates a unique reliance of AR-independent CRPC on SLX4IP-mediated ALT-like hallmarks and loss of these hallmarks induces telomere shortening and senescence, thereby impairing replicative immortality.
The Effect of the Feuerstein Project on the Cognitive and Functional State of Community-Dwelling Individuals Aged 65 Years and Older with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ostrei Uty , Efrati-Chomsky Dikla , Zur Ariela , Robes-Alkalay Yael , Nave Ayala , Punchik Boris , Press Yan
Published: November 2020

Background: The rate of elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has increased over recent decades. The Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment (FIE) program for the elderly has been shown to be effective in various age groups but is has never been tested as a treatment for MCI in elderly patients. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the FIE on the cognitive and functional state of elderly patients with MCI. Methods: This was an interventional pilot study in community-dwelling patients aged ≥65 years diagnosed with MCI in the previous year. The protocol included 30 twice-weekly 90-min sessions with a full neurocognitive evaluation prior to the intervention (v1), at its conclusion (v2), and half a year later (v3). Results: Nine of the 15 recruited participants completed the study. The mean age was 76.2 years. Compared to v1 and v2, the only significant improvements found at v3 were in the “visual perception” subtest of the NeuroTrax test and the total score of the MOCA test (p = 0.048 and 0.028, respectively). The effect size was >0.7 (r = 0.7), indicating a moderate-to-high clinical significance. The results of the qualitative questionnaire were consistent with the positive effect of the group on the fostering of social ties, the motivation to learn, the cognitive contribution, and the development of a sense of self-efficacy. Conclusion: The study findings support the conclusion that an intervention with a focus on cognitive exercising can promote a feeling of self-efficacy and preserve some cognitive skills.
A tal “lei da liberdade econômica”
Authors: Tomasevicius Filho Eduardo
Published: November 2020

Em 2019, a comunidade jurídica brasileira foi surpreendida pela edição da Medida Provisória n. 881, por meio da qual se instituiu a “Declaração de Direitos de Liberdade Econômica”, modificando leis especiais, entre elas, o Código Civil. Após críticas e debates sobre seu conteúdo, esta foi convertida na Lei n. 13.874, de 20 de setembro de 2019. A proposta desse artigo consistiu na análise do seu conteúdo e seus objetivos, que consistem em proteger a liberdade no exercício da atividade econômica e diminuir os efeitos da burocracia do Estado. Concluiu-se que essa lei pouco tem a acrescentar ao direito brasileiro, porque as liberdades nela declaradas são vazias de conteúdo normativo e as alterações realizadas no Código Civil são inócuas. No máximo, reconhece-se que dispositivos voltados à redução dos custos de transação serão eficazes, assim como a alteração em leis especiais relacionadas a Juntas Comerciais, dispensa de autenticação de documentos e expedição de certidões de órgãos públicos, a digitalização de documentos públicos e privados, bem como a cobrança de tributos federais, poderão facilitar a vida de quem pretende exercer atividades econômicas.
Les lanceurs d’alerte en droit français. Identité, statut, interrogations
Authors: Disant Mathieu
Published: November 2020

Le lancement d’alerte relève d’un conflit éthique que le droit s’efforce de saisir avec difficultés. Les lanceurs d’alerte sont une figure juridique encore largement indécise. En France, un statut du lanceur d’alerte a été récemment édifié par la loi du 9 décembre 2016. Il traduit l’ambition d’unifier leur régime juridique et leur protection, tout en soulevant plusieurs interrogations. C’est ce qu’examine le présent article, achevé en mai 2018.
Os desafios da pós-modernidade para o direito penal brasileiro: reflexões a partir da contribuição de Antonio Luis Chaves Camargo
Authors: Salvador Netto Alamiro Velludo , Souza Luciano Anderson de , Camargo Beatriz Corrêa
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo propõe uma leitura do momento histórico que caracteriza o pós-finalismo no Direito Penal. Parte-se, neste intento, da concepção de pós-modernidade programaticamente apresentada por Antonio Luis Chaves Camargo ao final dos anos 90. A partir de provocações do antigo professor da FDUSP, pontua-se a contribuição da teoria dos sistemas e da teoria discursiva do Direito para esse ramo jurídico.
O Tribunal Especial para o Líbano: um balanço parcial (2009-2019)
Authors: Paula Luiz Augusto Módolo de
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo faz um balanço parcial das atividades do Tribunal Especial para o Líbano – TEL, tribunal penal internacional ad hoc, abrangendo os anos de 2009 a 2019, e analisa sua proposta de punição de atos de terrorismo e sua viabilidade como modelo para a repressão deste grave crime pela sociedade internacional.
Effect of Dapagliflozin on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease, With and Without Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: McMurray John J.V. , Wheeler David C. , Stefánsson Bergur V. , Jongs Niels , Postmus Douwe , Correa-Rotter Ricardo , Chertow Glenn M. , Greene Tom , Held Claes , Hou Fan-Fan , Mann Johannes F.E. , Rossing Peter , Sjöström C. David , Toto Roberto D. , Langkilde Anna Maria , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. ,   For the DAPA-CKD Trial Committees and Investigators
Published: November 2020

Background:

Dapagliflozin reduces the risk of end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. We examined the relative risk of cardiovascular and renal events in these patients and the effect of dapagliflozin on either type of event, taking account of history of cardiovascular disease.

Methods:

In the DAPA-CKD trial (Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease), 4304 participants with chronic kidney disease were randomly assigned to dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily or placebo. The primary end point was a composite of sustained decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥50%, end-stage kidney disease, or kidney or cardiovascular death. The secondary end points were a kidney composite outcome (primary end point, minus cardiovascular death), the composite of hospitalization for heart failure or cardiovascular death, and all-cause death. In a prespecified subgroup analysis, we divided patients into primary and secondary prevention subgroups according to history of cardiovascular disease.

Results:

Secondary prevention patients (n=1610; 37.4%) were older, were more often male, had a higher blood pressure and body mass index, and were more likely to have diabetes. Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate and median urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio were similar in the primary and secondary prevention groups. The rates of adverse cardiovascular outcomes were higher in the secondary prevention group, but kidney failure occurred at the same rate in the primary and secondary prevention groups. Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome to a similar extent in both the primary (hazard ratio, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.48–0.78]) and secondary (0.61 [0.47–0.79]) prevention groups (
P
-interaction=0.90). This was also true for the composite of heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death (0.67 [0.40–1.13] versus 0.70 [0.52–0.94], respectively;
P
-interaction=0.88), and all-cause mortality (0.63 [0.41–0.98] versus 0.70 [0.51–0.95], respectively;
P
-interaction=0.71). Rates of adverse events were low overall and did not differ between patients with and without cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions:

Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of kidney failure, death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for heart failure, and prolonged survival in people with chronic kidney disease, with or without type 2 diabetes, independently of the presence of concomitant cardiovascular disease.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03036150.
Nocturnal visual displays and call description of the cascade specialist glassfrog Sachatamia orejuela
Authors: Brunner Rebecca M. , Guayasamin Juan M.
Published: November 2020

Although most male frogs call to attract females, vocalizations alone can be ineffective long-range signals in certain environments. To increase conspicuousness and counter the background noise generated by rushing water, a few frog species around the world have evolved visual communication modalities in addition to advertisement calls. These species belong to different families on different continents: a clear example of behavioural convergent evolution. Until now, long-distance visual signalling has not been recorded for any species in the glassfrog family (Centrolenidae). Sachatamia orejuela, an exceptionally camouflaged glassfrog species found within the spray zone of waterfalls, has remained poorly studied. Here, we document its advertisement call for the first time — the frequency of which is higher than perhaps any other glassfrog species, likely an evolutionary response to its disruptive acoustic space — as well as a sequence of non-antagonistic visual signals (foot-flagging, hand-waving, and head-bobbing) that we observed at night.
Percorsi della ricerca in filologia slava dal XIX secolo
Authors: Lekova Tatiana
Published: November 2020

The paper deals with the methods developed in the field of Slavic philological research in the last centuries. The mission of Cyril and Methodius in Great Moravia and the activity of their disciples in the First Bulgarian Empire of Boris and Simeon laid to the foundation of a Slavic cultural and religious autonomy. The major problem of Cyril and Methodius’ studies has been to find the traces of their translations and to identify the area where the Palaeoslavic texts originated. The debate between R. Picchio and D. Lichačev revealed the clash between two different traditions in Slavic philological and literary studies; it opened a dialogue between Slavic and European scholars and led to a vast methodological and terminological renewal in the discipline. It was debated whether it was possible to apply to Slavic texts the methods developed in the field of Greek and Latin tradition, or a separate discipline Textology would be necessary for studying the history of Slavic texts and the conscious changes introduced by their coauthors and coeditors. A Linguistic Textology has also been created which limits the philological research to linguistic data. The article touches the new methods developed for the reconstruction of the Cyrill and Methodius’ Bible by means of the digitally supported profile-method applied to the editions of the Slavic Gospels. It is only at the beginning of this century that there has been a return to the method of textual criticism.
Religious Institutions in Japan Responding to Covid-19-Induced Risk and Uncertainty
Authors: Cavaliere Paola
Published: November 2020

This paper discusses adaptations and alternatives that religious institutions in Japan have formulated to help communities develop the capacity to cope with the crisis and perceived risk generated by Covid-19. Qualitative data and observations of online information were collected between February and June 2020. Guided by a crisis approach, the study explores inward and outward responses that some Japanese religious institutions and their members have enacted. The investigation uses Douglas’ (1994) interpretative model of risk and explores those “thought-styles” that religious institutions have engendered that are conducive to cohesion and stability. Findings show that established and new religions alike swiftly responded to Covid-19-induced safety measures by embracing digital technology to continue their core function as cohesion-providers for their social and spiritual communities. The analysis shows that adjustments toward disembodied religious practices might hold potential to continue beyond current Covid-19-related social restrictions.
Construction of Lycetin Nanocarriers and Its Effect on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Regulating Nuclear Factor E2 Related Factor/Antioxidant Response Element Pathway
Authors: Jiang Ming , Jin Jing , Ye Xiaohui , Wang Jing , Shen Hongbo , Zhen Jie , Zhou Yinong
Published: November 2020

This article explores the role of lysin nanocarriers in inducing apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the possible molecular mechanisms. Cytotoxicity tests were performed in human fibroblast cell line MRC-5. Anti-cancer activity was tested in liver cancer cell lines
HepG2 and HCCLM3. The results show that nanocarriers have a targeting effect on cancer cells, have high safety, and are good delivery vehicles for drugs. In this paper, the stability of lycopene and its degradation in aqueous solutions at different temperatures were studied, and the structure
and mechanism of degradation products were determined. A new type of mesoporous silica nanocarrier was synthesized as a delivery carrier of lysin and its derivatives, which has a targeting effect on cancer cells and has a slow-release effect. Surface modification can improve circulation time
and stability for future resistance in vivo. The cancer experiment laid the foundation. The results showed that the lysin nanocarriers inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and HCCLM3 human liver cancer cells in a dependent manner. After the lysin nanocarriers acted on HepG2 human hepatocellular
carcinoma cells for 48 h, the cell apoptosis rate was significantly increased by flow cytometry analysis. The carrier can significantly increase the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, and reduce the content of reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase. At the same time,
the lysin nanocarrier can down-regulate the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins, and inhibit the occurrence of Nrf2 Nuclear displacement. The lycopene nanocarrier inhibits the proliferation of HepG2, HCCLM3 human liver cancer cells, induces apoptosis, regulates the oxidative stress response
in the cell, and regulates the Nrf2/AREE antioxidant signaling pathway, thereby promoting tumor cell apoptosis.
Effect of miR-21 on Renal Fibrosis Induced by Nano-SiO2 in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats via PTEN/AKT Pathway
Authors: Guo Jifan
Published: November 2020

MicroRNAs are a type of non-coding single-stranded RNA that can mediate target mRNA degradation or inhibit target mRNA translation, thereby regulating target gene expression and have an important role in physiological and pathological processes. At present, miRs have been confirmed
to be closely related to kidneys and kidney diseases, and have been involved in the occurrence, development and prognosis of renal fibrosis. Now we review the research progress of miRs in renal fibrosis in recent years, and provide references for the future diagnosis and treatment of renal
fibrosis. The incidence of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is increasing year by year, the pathogenesis is complicated, and renal fibrosis occurs during the progress of the disease, which is very difficult to treat. The protein encoded by the PTEN gene has lipid phosphatase and protein phosphatase
activity and is the PTEN/AKT and FAK pathway important negative regulators. It can play an anti-fibrotic effect by negatively regulating the PTEN/AKT pathway. Studies show that during the pathogenesis of DN, the expression of PTEN protein is reduced, and the PI3K/AKT pathway is activated to
exert multiple fibrotic effects, but affect PTEN. The regulatory factors of expression are still not clear; moreover, the specific mechanism of the decrease in PTEN protein expression in DN pathogenesis. Therefore, this study intends to Intervention of the expression level of miRs in renal
tissues, to study its regulation of PTEN and its effect on renal fibrosis, and at the same time, observe the effects on renal tubular epithelial cell phenotype and fibrotic lesions under high glucose conditions by up-regulating and down-regulating PTEN expression. Further elucidate the pathogenesis
of DN renal fibrosis, and explore new effective targets for the prevention and treatment of DN.
Application of Nano-Carbon Tracing Technology in Thyroid Cancer and Its Relationship with Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen 4 Gene Polymorphism
Authors: Gao Hengyuan , Liu Xinjie , Yu Xiaofang , Xu Nan , Chen Xiaobing , Wang Yue , Zhou Dongxian
Published: November 2020

The most common malignant tumor of the human endocrine system is thyroid cancer, most used surgical treatment for thyroid cancer is total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection. However, surgery and thorough lymph node dissection can easily damage the parathyroid glands and
cause corresponding surgery. Symptoms such as permanent hyperparathyroidism, nano-carbon is a common type of new lymphoid tissue tracer, it is mainly used to trace lymphoid tissue in tumor surgery. With the continuous advancement of surgical technology, more and more scholars have used nano-carbon
to trace lymphoid tissue during thyroid cancer surgery, and have achieved good results. The results of this study show that thyroid cancer surgery with nano-carbon to negatively develop the parathyroid glands significantly reduces the incidence of serum PTH and blood calcium decline, and largely
protects the parathyroid glands. Practice has also shown that the use of nano-carbon tracers is more thorough in lymph node dissection than thyroid cancer surgery without nano-carbon tracers.
Study on the Effect of Polymer Nano-Loaded Drug System on Bladder Cancer Perfusion
Authors: Lin Yao , Shen Zhou , Tao Tao , Xu Congyun , Xia Kaiguo , Xuan Qiang
Published: November 2020

Bladder tumor is a malignant tumor on bladder mucosa and the most common malignant tumor of urinary system. At present, bladder cancer is mainly treated by surgical resection and intravesical infusion of anticancer drugs. The high-molecular nano-drug-loading system has the advantages
of direct focus of the drug in the treatment of cancer, reduced systemic toxicity and high local concentration. The purpose of this paper was to study the effect of polymer nano-drug loading system on bladder cancer perfusion. The synthesized polymer was applied to the establishedmouse bladder
cancer model, the anticancer effect of polymer nano-drug loading system on mice in vivo was observed, and the health status of mice during administration was determined. It was found that a large number of drugs could adhere to the tumor tissue after perfusion of bladder cancer with polymer
nano-drug loading system, and the effect of killing bladder cancer cells was better.
Study on the Efficacy of Nanoantibiotics in Rats with Sepsis Based on MicroRNA-195 and TGF-β1/Smads Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zheng Pengcheng , Feng Xiaoli , Deng Qingyang , Guo Rongrong , Li Wancheng
Published: November 2020

In order to explore the efficacy of nanoantibiotics in rats with sepsis based on MicroRNA-195 and TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway, a total of 160 Wistar rats with sepsis were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups of general antibiotics (GA) treatment group and nanoantibiotics
treatment (NT) group, MicroRNA-195 treatment (MT) group and TGF-β1/Smads (TS) treatment group with 40 sepsis rates in each group. After each group was treated for 24 hours, the supernatant was centrifuged, the enzyme-labeled reagent was added to sample wall, the absorbance value
of each well in sequence was measured, and the linear regression equation of the standard curve was calculated based on the concentration and absorbance value of the standard. Before and after the experiment, the changes in body weight, mental state, activity, respiration, and abdominal cavity
of species rats in each group were observed and measured; the expression of Interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad7 were recorded and analyzed. The results showed
that the expression levels of IL-1, TNF-α, TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3 and Smad7 in sepsis rats in GA group were higher than those in the NT group (P < 0.05); the myocardial cells in MT group were significantly smaller and the cell arrangement was tighter and more
orderly than those in TS group; and the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad7 were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). In summary, the MicroRNA-195 and TGF-β1/Smads may promote cardiac remodeling in sepsis rats by up-regulating
the nanoantibiotics signaling transduction pathway, thereby having objective curative effect on sepsis rats. The study results of this paper provide a reference for further research on the efficacy of nanoantibiotics in sepsis rats based on MicroRNA-195 and TGF-β1/Smads signaling
pathway.
Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Paclitaxel-Succinic Acid Drug-Loaded Nanofibers in Treating Lung Cancer
Authors: Pan Bin , Li Peipei , Chen Jing , Sun Jian , Huang Na
Published: November 2020

In recent years, nanotechnology has made great progress in the development and application of tumor detection, diagnosis, and treatment, and eventually formed a “tumor nanomedicine.” The emerging field of “materials.” Nanoparticles have attracted much attention
because they can overcome physiological barriers, effectively deliver hydrophobic drugs, and specifically target tumor tissues. At present, nanomedicines mainly include lipid nanoparticles, polymer nanoparticles granules, gold nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, mesoporous silica, and other
dosage forms. The use of nanomaterials as carriers in the treatment of lung cancer has unique advantages in achieving targeted drug delivery, slow-release drugs, and improvement of poorly soluble drugs and peptide drugs show obvious advantages in terms of bioavailability and reduction of adverse
reactions, and have broad research and development prospects. This paper reports a new type of self-assembled Ptx-SA drug-loaded nanometers based on the carrier-free concept fiber, and it was found that the drug-loaded fiber has better cellophilicity, anti-tumor effect in vitro and
in vivo than naked drug, and may be mediated by regulating the expression of related proteins. Therefore, the paclitaxel-loaded nano drug delivery system serves as a new type of nano preparation for treating lung cancer is worth further research.
Study on the Role of Paclitaxel Nano-Drug Delivery System in Inhibiting Intimal Hyperplasia and Improving Vascular Remodeling in Abdominal Aortic Injury Model
Authors: Zhao Xin , Li Jialiang , Cheng Shaopeng , Li Shouming , Bai Xiao , Xi Jie
Published: November 2020

The surface-modified paclitaxel nanoparticles were prepared to observe its inhibitory effect on the intimal and mediator proliferation and the improvement of vascular remodeling after rabbit abdominal aortic injury. First, paclitaxel nanoparticles were prepared by ultrasonic emulsification
solvent evaporation method. The surface of paclitaxel nanoparticles was modified by physical adsorption, the nanoparticles were characterized and the encapsulation efficiency was evaluated. Secondly, the endometrial thickness was measured by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and a spheroid with
a smooth surface was observed under a scanning electron microscope. Finally, compared with the control group, local infusion of paclitaxel nanoparticles could effectively inhibit the proliferation of vascular endothelium in a dose-dependent manner. Local intravascular infusion of paclitaxel
nanoparticle suspension can effectively inhibit the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, and its inhibitory effect increases with the increase of the concentration of nanoparticle suspension. The paclitaxel nanoparticle suspension at a concentration of 30 mg/ml can play a good inhibitory
role.
Effects of Magnetic Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems on Thrombosis and Neuroprotection in Brain Stroke Model
Authors: Ding Ruolan , Zhang Hong
Published: November 2020

Nanomaterials refer to solid materials that are composed of ultrafine particles on the order of nanometers. Nanomaterials show broad application prospects in the fields of chemistry, metallurgy, electronics, aerospace, biology and medicine. The incidence of stroke in China ranks first
in the world and the mortality rate is much higher than that in European and American countries. Drugs that are sensitive to the internal environment of the living body can be combined in the nuclear department to prevent them from reacting with the biological environment before reaching the
target site, thereby reducing the efficacy or causing toxic side effects on other cells, tissues and organs. This project uses transgenic mice as experimental materials to establish an animal model of cerebral stroke. The light-embedded stroke model is used to simulate the pathological state
of acute ischemic stroke. In vivo imaging and immunohistochemical techniques are used to analyze the administration of magnetic nanoparticles. Effects of the system on thrombolysis and neurological function protection in cerebral stroke models.
Preparation of Gold Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease Cell Model
Authors: Zhao Ping , Li Ting , Li Zhi , Cao Lei , Wang Youliang , Wang Yong , Wang Weikai
Published: November 2020

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are widely used in life sciences and medicine due to their simple preparation, stable physical and chemical properties, controllable optical properties and no significant toxicity. However, in recent years, studies have found that there are still many uncertain
factors in the application of gold nanoparticles in the field of biomedicine, and there are few studies on the main excretion organs and kidneys of the body, especially the toxicological effects under the disease state have not been reported. Obviously, carrying out relevant research is of
great significance for accelerating the clinical application of GNPs. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a group of chronic progressive diseases that have high prevalence and high mortality and are serious threats to human life and health. Renal tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis are key
factors in renal dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Drug and toxic kidney damage mostly involve renal tubular epithelial cells; hypoxia is the most common pathological condition of cells. In renal lesions, renal tubular epithelial cells often have hypoxia. Based on this, we propose the
hypothesis of this study: glomerular filtration membrane damage in kidney disease, GNPs increase in urine, followed by reabsorption of renal tubular epithelial cells, thereby causing damage to the latter; if accompanied by hypoxia, GNPs it will aggravate renal tubular epithelial cell damage
and promote tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In order to verify the above hypothesis, this study used a mouse model of adriamycin nephropathy and tubular epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro, and observed the damage of GNPs on renal tubular epithelial cells by various means, and explored
related mechanisms. The results show that under normal oxygen conditions, GNPs can induce autophagy after cell entry, which can damage damaged proteins and organelles to maintain cell survival. In the absence of oxygen, nanoparticles entering cells increase and induce excessive autophagy.
In the absence of oxygen, GNPs also aggregate in macrophages, which can cause decreased cell proliferation activity and induce activation of macrophage inflammasome, which induces inflammatory response: GNPs-induced secretion of hypoxic macrophages can be promoted.
Research on the Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1 Gene Based on Nanogold Amplification Technology
Authors: Zheng Shuang , Xie Wen , Fei Longcai , Zhu Nannan
Published: November 2020

Schizophrenia is one of the most common central nervous system diseases, which is caused by abnormal discharge of neurons in the brain. Its occurrence and development are affected by both genetic and environmental factors. The variation of gene level can affect the development of schizophrenia and the treatment of prognosis by affecting the susceptibility, clinical phenotype and drug response. At present, the research results of susceptibility genes screened by candidate gene association research are not consistent. The method of gene recognition on DNA was studied by QCM and nano gold composite. By using this method, the enantioselective recognition of cysteine on cyclodextrin self-assembled membrane was studied. In this study, EAAT1 gene, which is highly expressed in astrocytes, was used as a candidate gene to analyze the relationship between polymorphism and schizophrenia. The experimental results show that the introduction of nano gold can significantly improve the sensing signal, detection sensitivity and gene differentiation. In addition, this study suggested that EAAT1 gene might be a susceptibility gene of schizophrenia in the population. The results showed that a common SNP allele rs1030239-g was the risk factor (83.8% vs. 79.2%,P= 0.00067, or = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.08-1.69). The results showed that A-T-G increased the risk of schizophrenia.
Effect of Compound Propofol Nanoemulsion on Immune Function in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Zhou Shengcai
Published: November 2020

Pancreatic cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. The treatment of pancreatic cancer is mainly surgery, but the development of traditional surgery, chemoradiotherapy has entered the plateau stage, and immunotherapy has
received more and more attention. Different anesthesia methods, anaesthetic drugs and their preparations have different effects on the perioperative immune function of patients with pancreatic cancer, and even affect the long-term prognosis of patients. Suppression of immune function caused
by surgery and anesthesia may promote tumor recurrence and metastasis, thereby affecting the longterm prognosis of patients. The use of propofol intravenous anesthesia during surgery can reduce pro-inflammatory factors and increase anti-inflammatory factors, thereby effectively improving the
immune function of perioperative tumor patients. At the same time, using nanoemulsion as a carrier in a drug delivery system can improve the solubility and loading capacity of poorly soluble drugs, and increase the absorption rate and bioavailability of fat-soluble drugs in the body. Therefore,
in this study, a combination of propofol nano-injection and remifentanil injection liquid combined with propofol nanoemulsion preparation and propofol injection alone was used in the operation of pancreatic cancer patients. By comparing the two groups of patients Basic indicators during and
after surgery, hemorheology levels, lymphocyte subsets, and proinflammatory cytokines, to study the use of the compound propofol nanoemulsion preparation in patients with pancreatic cancer during surgery Effects of immune function. The results showed that compound propofol nanoemulsion can
improve the immune function of patients with pancreatic cancer during surgery, reduce the level of inflammatory factors, and has a good prognosis and high safety.
Preparation of Composite Cypate Nanoparticles and Its Application in the Treatment of Pediatric Bladder Tumors
Authors: Wang Ling , Tao Hong , Li Zhigang , Lei Yi , Bai Bing , Zhang Ning , Yang Peng , Ma Hai , Chen Wenxin
Published: November 2020

Cypate is an organic material with tumor treatment function, which has photothermal effect. Based on the characteristics of this material, this study adopted the coupling method to obtain FB-Cypate nano-microspheres, BDI-1-FB-Cypate albumin nano-microsphere diad and CPPs-BDI-1-FB-Cypate
albumin nano-microsphere triad. Cypate and FB-Cypate materials were characterized by scanning TEM, particle size analyzer, and spectrophotometer. An injection-ureter introduction device was used to perfuse pediatric bladder cancer cells into the bladder cavity of nude mice, and different Cypate-type
material solutions were perfused into the bladder cavity at the same time. Then, the anti-bladdertumor performance of different materials on tumor cells was compared. The test proves that the average particle diameter of FB-Cypate material is (102.3 ±8.6) nm, which can be used for near-infrared
imaging, and the temperature rise is obvious under light conditions. In the test of inhibiting bladder cancer cells in children, the use of Cypate type materials can significantly inhibit the survival of bladder tumor cells, and it has less negative impact on physiological functions after
surgery.
Application of Abdominal Imaging Based on Nano Drug Delivery System for Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer
Authors: Fan Zhenzhen , Liu Qingsheng , Lu Fangfang , Dong Zhihui , Gao Peng
Published: November 2020

Liver cancer has a high incidence and a poor prognosis, which seriously affects human health. Doxorubicin is one of the chemotherapeutics used in the treatment of tumours, but its severe adverse reactions, especially cardiac toxicity, have limited its clinical application. The nanometre
drug delivery system enables drug-loaded nanoparticles to be specifically concentrated in tumour tissues, increasing cell uptake and improving curative effect. Therefore, in this paper, folic acid-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-NH2-PEG-FA) were synthesized by modifying the folic
acid on the surface of a drug carrier by using the characteristics of the expression of folic acid receptors, and using it as a drug. The carrier was loaded with antitumor drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), and a nanometre drug delivery system (MSN-NH2-PEG-FA/DOX) was constructed. At the
same time, the near-infrared dye Cy5 was used to mark the mother nucleus to construct fluorescent nanoparticles (MSN-NH2-PEG-FA/DOX-Cy5) for cell and tumour imaging, so as to obtain the abdominal image of liver cancer patients, thereby realizing diagnosis and treatment. The research results
show that the carrier can specifically gather in the liver area, reduce the distribution in the heart, reduce the toxic and side effects of drugs, and prolong the survival time of patients. The results of this study provide new ideas for the treatment of liver cancer, and provide a new theoretical
basis and experimental basis for the study of inorganic nanomaterials as targeted drug delivery systems.