bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dynamics of Cognitive Performance: What Has Been Learnt from Empirical Research in Science Education
Authors: Stamovlasis Dimitrios
Published: December 2018

This paper discusses investigations in science education addressing the nonlinear dynamical hypothesis. Learning science is a suitable field for applying interdisciplinary research and predominately for testing psychological theories. It was demonstrated that in this area the paradigm of complexity and nonlinear dynamics have offered theoretical advances and better interpretations of empirical data. Research showed that besides linear modes of behavior, sudden transitions occur in cognitive performance and this has questioned basic theoretical and epistemological assumptions. The neo-Piagetian framework and motivational theories offering constructs for serving as predictors in various model are the local theories which are embraced by the CDS meta-theory. Sudden transitions are modeled by catastrophe theory (CT) the analyses of which reveal the crucial role of certain variables, namely the bifurcation factors. Beyond a critical value of the bifurcation factor, the state variable splits into two-attractor regions and becomes bimodal. The bifurcation effect induces uncertainty and unpredictability in the system, which oscillates between two states entering the regime of chaos. Then in state variables such as learning outcomes and achievement, sudden transitions from success to failure are expected. Catastrophe theory explains unexpected phenomena associated with school failure, dropouts, illicit behaviors, sudden attitude change, and creativity. Moreover CT could contribute in elucidating theoretical debates and conflicting empirical evidences.
Nonlinear Processes in Time-Ordered Observations: Self-­Organized Criticality in Daily High School Attendance
Authors: Koopmans Matthijs
Published: December 2018

In the United States, high school attendance and drop-°©‐‑out are important policy concerns receiving extensive coverage in the research literature. Traditionally, the focus in this work is on the summary of dropout rates and mean attendance rates in specific schools, regions or socio-economic groups. However, the question how stable those attendance rates are over time has received scant attention. Since instability in attendance may affect how long individual students stay in school, the issue deserves attention. Theschool districts that have begun to keep record of daily attendance rates in their schools over multi-year periods, such as those in New York City, have created an opportunity to investigate the temporal dimension of daily attendance, and thereby explore its stability. This paper will focus on its long-term characteristics, specifically the following: self-similarity, meta-stability or pink noise, and the impact of sudden departures from the central tendency of the series. Such departures can be used to estimate the impact of exogenous influences on the behavior of the system. The findings illustrate the importance of describing the dynamical patterns underlying attendance that remain concealed in traditional summary measures.
NetSciEd: Network Science and Education for the Interconnected World
Authors: Sayama Hiroki , Cramer Catherine , Sheetz Lori , Uzzo Stephen
Published: December 2018

This short article presents a summary of the NetSciEd (Network Science and Education) initiative that aims to address the need for curricula, resources, accessible materials, and tools for introducing K-12 students and the general public to the concept of networks, a crucial framework in understanding complexity. NetSciEd activities include (1) the NetSci High educational outreach program (since 2010), which connects high school students and their teachers with regional university research labs and provides them with the opportunity to work on network science research projects; (2) the NetSciEd symposium series (since 2012), which brings network science researchers and educators together to discuss how network science can help and be integrated into formal and informal education; and (3) the Network Literacy: Essential Concepts and Core Ideas booklet (since 2014), which was created collaboratively and subsequently translated into 18 languages by an extensive group of network science researchers and educators worldwide.
Building Blocks and Learning
Authors: Nelson Charles
Published: December 2018

Using John Holland’s model of complex adaptive systems, this paper explores how nonnative speakers of English learned to participate and to write in a first-year university rhetoric and composition course. Of particular interest is the emergence of students’ internal models for writing and other class tasks through the reproduction and cross-over of conceptual building blocks, showing that much of learning and creativity is due to recombining what is known rather than invention de novo. The findings in this paper suggest that educators should design curricula around core conceptual building blocks that can be combined in various ways across novel situations and that can lead to an ongoing emergence of new building blocks.
Comparative Dynamics: Healthy Collectivities and the Pattern Which Connects
Authors: Stanley Darren
Published: December 2018

In this paper, I introduce the notion of “comparative dynamics” and the importance of connectivity as an essential and vital underlying principle for healthy collectivities. Such a notion resonates with Gregory Bateson’s idea of the “pattern which connects,” suggesting not only the functional importance of connectivity as an aspect of a healthy organization at some given scale, but also connectivity as an important principle, which is the basis for how all living patterns are connected together. This paper ends with some reflections on why and how teachers experience stress and burnout as an absence of connectivity while highlighting its importance in the well-being of teachers in healthy learning organizations.
The Use of Metapatterns for Research into Complex Systems of Teaching, Learning, and Schooling— Part I: Metapatterns in Nature and Culture
Authors: Volk Tyler , Bloom Jeffrey W.
Published: December 2018

We justify the concept of metapatterns as functional patterns or functional principles that are common to a large set of systems that encompass both biology and culture, by starting with the fact that evolved systems, whether biological or cultural, are produced from any iterative sequence of replication, variation, and selection. Therefore the systems that result, with specific functional parts, are formed as wholes that fit particular contexts. The principle of convergence in biological evolution, in which similar structures are independently evolved, is the model that can be extended even beyond biology. If the contexts of evolved systems across widely separated scales are similar, the resulting evolved systems can exhibit convergences that themselves occur at diverse scales. These grand convergences are the metapatterns. For example, the functional advantage of dynamically separating systems from their environments sets the context for the evolution of the metapattern of borders across various scales. We outline fifteen additional examples of metapatterns. We also examine the correspondences and differences between metapatterns as a multi-scale approach to systems and the approach from complexity science. We suggest that metapatterns could serve as tools for thinking about a diverse range of topics, and could thereby motivate the transference of generalizations. Finally, we propose that because metapatterns are employed in human thought, they will be useful in formulating new questions for education research, which is the subject of the companion paper.
Human Natures: Genes, Cultures, and the Human Prospect
Authors: Baker Jeff J.
Published: December 2018

A review of Human Natures: Genes, Cultures, and the Human Prospect, by Paul R. Ehrlich, 2000. New York: Penguin Books, 531 pp. ISBN 0142000531. $15.00 USD.
Complexity Theory and the Social Sciences, An Introduction
Authors: Émond Gilbert
Published: December 2018

A review of Complexity Theory and the Social Sciences, An Introduction, by David Byrne, 1998. New York: Routledge, 206 pp. ISBN 0415162963. $44.95 USD.
The Tree of Knowledge: The Biological Roots of Human Understanding
Authors: Laberge Yves
Published: December 2018

A review of The Tree of Knowledge: The Biological Roots of Human Understanding, by Humberto R. Maturana and Francisco J. Varela, 1998 [1987]. Revised Edition. Boston and London: Shambhala Publications, 269 pp. ISBN 0877736421. $29.95 USD.
Culturally-Responsive Mathematics Pedagogy Through Complexivist Thinking
Authors: Nielsen Wendy S. , Nicol Cynthia , Owuor Jenipher
Published: December 2018

This paper uses a complexity lens to consider the pedagogical project of culturally responsive mathematics. Need for new and different theoretical perspectives for Aboriginal education arise from chronic underachievement among Canada’s Aboriginal students. Culturally responsive mathematics pedagogy as a complex learning system allows a different view into the interrelationships and necessary conditions between culture, education and society, a view that aims to open new possibility for curriculum development, Aboriginal schooling and cultural renewal, while ensuring success for students.

As part of the $11 million school project, the Band School Society negotiated with the Federal Aboriginal Affairs Ministry and the building contractors to include apprenticeships for Band members to join the work crew hired to build the new school. For an Aboriginal village of 2000 people and up to 80% unemployment, this was a great opportunity. Interested workers were invited to apply for the positions. All 15 of the respondents were hired immediately, and all needed mathematics upgrading courses to enter the apprenticeship training program. Skilled trades workers were in short supply in the community, and so future employment opportunities were virtually assured after completion of the school project. A local, non-Native adult education teacher was enlisted to run an evening prep course for these newly hired apprentices. The course offered focused training in mathematics skills needed by tradespeople, and indeed, these were prerequisite skills for entering the apprenticeship program. On the first night of class, eleven men and women arrived. By week two, the group had dwindled to six. When the course was completed at the end of eight weeks, two students earned completion certificates and formally entered the apprenticeship program.
What Does Network Theory Contribute to Theorization of Mathematics Teaching?
Authors: Kirshner David , Lerman Stephen , Ricks Thomas E.
Published: December 2018

A Response to Elizabeth Mowat & Brent Davis
Response to Nadia Stoyanova Kennedy & David Kennedy. Communicative Competencies and the Structuration of Expectations: the Creative Tension between Habermas’ Critical Theory and Luhmann’s Social Systems Theory
Authors: Leydesdorff Loet
Published: December 2018

I elaborate on the tension between Luhmann’s social systems theory and Habermas’ theory of communicative action, and argue that this tension can be resolved by focusing on language as the interhuman medium of the communication which enables us to develop symbolically generalized media of communication such as truth, love, power, etc. Following Luhmann, the layers of self-organization among the differently codified subsystems of communication versus organization of meaning at contingent interfaces can analytically be distinguished as compatible, yet empirically researchable alternatives to Habermas’ distinction between “system” and “lifeworld.” Mediation by a facilitator can then be considered as a special case of organizing historically contingent translations among the evolutionarily developing fluxes of intentions and expectations. Accordingly, I suggest modifying Giddens’ terminology into “a theory of the structuration of expectations.”
Leadership and Complexity: Implications for Practice within the Advisement Leadership Bodies at Colleges and Universities
Authors: McClellan Jeffrey L.
Published: December 2018

As academic advising has become more central to the work of universities and colleges, especially in relation to retention and graduation, efforts are being made to improve collaboration among different advising groups within these institutions. These efforts, at a number of campuses, include the emergence of training programs and institution level leadership bodies that oversee advising processes. Many of these efforts, however, are based on older paradigms of leadership and strategy. This article proposes a new model for guiding the work of these bodies based on more recent thinking that has emerged from the fields of leadership studies and chaos and complexity science as they relate to human behavior.
Cheonggyecheon: Streaming Currere
Authors: Chancellor Barbara
Published: December 2018

In this paper I share my personal journey into rhizomatic thinking. Here I illustrate how a rhizome opened new possibilites to my previously confusing learning process. As a vehicle I ask the question, when considering the pedagogical nature of place, how does the new facilitate currere? I am also taking the opportunity to write in a way that is new and unfamiliar to me because the conventional and acceptable have been unable to help me understand the meanings I am seeking. I felt uninspired among traditional styles of academic writing until I encountered the doctoral thesis of Warren Sellers where another way of seeing and writing is explored. This generative experience gave me the momentum to link past learnings in new rhizomatic ways and begin a discussion within this journal about how place and pedagogy connect. My visit to Cheonggyecheon Stream in Seoul provided me the place and my reading of the texts of Warren Sellers, Noel Gough, Chaim Soutine, Margaret Sommerville and Lloyd Rees gave me examples of others who have searched. As I remember my physical experience of this new place, the stream becomes the search, the bridges spanning it, the new understandings and scattered along the banks, the rhizomes grow. A new place facilitates currere. This journal provides a forum where possibilities are viewed as exciting (Doll, 2009, p. 71). Tentative steps into new spaces are welcomed. Above all, conversation oils the machine, here I can share my thoughts with others who are exploring learning in diverse ways and from non linear perspectives.
(Re)Imagining Teacher Preparation for Conjoint Democratic Inquiry in Complex Classroom Ecologies
Authors: Seltzer-Kelly Deborah L. , Cinnamon-Morrison Serina , Cunningham Craig A. , Gurland Suzanne T. , Jones Kalinda , Lindsay Toth Shannon
Published: December 2018

This paper explores the classroom-level implications of complex ecologies, especially regarding the interactions among the cognitive and social/relational aspects of learning. Our focus is upon the ways teacher preparation must be re-imagined if educators are to be ready to facilitate genuinely educative and democratic learning in our country’s increasingly diverse classrooms. We explore the works of John Dewey, Gregory Bateson, James Hillman and others to consider the ways in which teacher educators must be explicitly prepared to understand pathology as a product of the interactions among the elements of the complex ecologies of classrooms and social systems, rather than as an individual quality of students who struggle in the classroom.
Human Ecological Complexity; Epistemological Implications of Social Networking and Emerging Curriculum Theories
Authors: Gilstrap Donald L.
Published: December 2018

Online courseware and social networking have dramatically changed the way students and educators learn and think about learning and scholarly communication.  With a transdisciplinary ecological focus on educational research, this article incorporates research in chaos and complexity theories, sociology, and philosophy to address research questions  in relation to social networks and human ecological complexity.  This article subsequently contends that curriculum theory is deeply impacted by social networks--which draw attention to human ecological complexity in teaching and learning—and that curriculum theory is in a unique position to integrate chaos and complexity theories which help to recreate the ontological and epistemological frameworks needed to respond to social networks.
A Complexity Perspective on Presencing
Authors: Gunnlaugson Olen
Published: December 2018

p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 36.0px; text-align: justify; font: 10.0px Palatino} This article outlines preliminary criteria for establishing a complexity perspective of presencing, a process-method of generative conversation that involves sensing, seeing into and apprehending complex emergent ways of knowing and inquiry within collective contexts of learning and inquiry.
Hijabi Muslim Women: Resisting in Sexy and Fierce Formation
Authors: Romanik Victoria , Rahall Mohamed
Published: December 2018

Muslim women who bear on the hijab are often viewed through a patriarchal binary lens: one of oppression and constrained-piety. This has led to the reduction of the Hijab, and within that, of the agent who chooses to wear it. In this paper, I argue how popular culture can be a powerful tool for Muslim women to reclaim the meaning of the Hijab. I analyze and contextualize Mona Haydar's Music Video "Wrap My Hijab" to show how she redefines the hijab to be one that is diverse and unique to the agent who bears it on. Overall, this paper will re-affirm the notion that Muslim Hijabi women are resisting the patriarchal narrative of the hijab in powerful and sexy formations.
‘Strangled the Chicken’: The Spectacle of Gay Male Sex and the Incitement of its Discourse in Rope
Authors: Romanik Victoria , Guerrero Mark
Published: December 2018

In this paper, I explore discourses of gay male sex and homosexuality in Alfred Hitchcock’s Rope (1948) as it situates within the highly-restrictive moral landscape of the Motion Picture Production code era. Although the restrictive economy surrounding these regulations had supposedly expurgated all discourses of sex and sexuality from the public sphere, I will draw on Foucault’s History of Sexuality (1984) to argue that this was not the case. Instead, I shed light on the paradox of censorship, by which the shrewd restriction of sexuality has transformed gay male sex into a topic of discussion. I then offer a critique of Hitchcock’s spectacularization of gay male sex, urging us to question how discourses of gay male sex are being constructed and who is constructing these discourses.
A comparison of UK academics' conceptions of information literacy in two disciplines: English and Marketing
Authors: Webber Sheila , Boon Stuart , Johnston Bill
Published: December 2018

The authors aim to present and compare findings from a phenomenographic investigation into conceptions of information literacy in two populations: academics in English and Marketing disciplines teaching at British universities. These were chosen as examples of, respectively, soft-pure and soft-applied disciplines.We begin by defining information literacy and briefly setting our research in context. We explain the nature of research using the phenomenographic approach, and describe our sample and methods. We present firstly, the four qualitatively different conceptions of information literacy held by the English academics, and then the seven conceptions held by the Marketing academics. Key differences between the conceptions held in the two disciplines are discussed, in particular relating differences to characteristics of soft-pure and soft-applied disciplines. The authors conclude that study of the differences between the conceptions held by the two disciplinary groups can illuminate and guide information literacy initiatives.
The shape and state of gaming in UK libraries
Authors: McNicol Sarah
Published: December 2018

This article describes the results of a survey to ascertain the current state of gaming provision in UK libraries. The online survey was completed by a self-selecting sample of libraries from mainly public and school libraries. The questions were based on similar surveys carried out by the Library Game Lab at Syracuse in the United States. The results show that, despite little mention of gaming in library policy documents, there is evidence considerable support for gaming in UK public and school libraries. A number of benefits for libraries and gamers are identified, but there are barriers to greater involvement in gaming such as resources and negative attitudes within the profession
A School Library in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Anderson Johanna
Published: December 2018

This paper reports on the success and suitability of a Western-donated school library in furthering literacy and reader development in Malawi.

A qualitative, case study approach was taken using semi-structured interviews with teachers and a library assistant at a primary school in Malawi.

The research reveals positive attitudes towards reading and literacy in a predominantly oral culture. Limitations include a lack of attention to reader development and inappropriateness of materials for the local context.

The study reveals that the book donation model commonly supported by international donors and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) falls short in its ability to contribute to global literacy and education targets. Recommendations to improve impact are given.

This research is original in representing the voices of school teachers in the debate over the suitability of libraries and the overseas book donation model to the sub-Saharan African context.
Information Needs, Preferences, and Behaviors of Home Cooks
Authors: Knopp Marian
Published: December 2018

Purpose - This research aims to contribute to the analysis of the information needs, preferences, and behaviors of home cooks and how libraries can serve this user group.

Methodology - This study uses a literature review for background and includes new research using online surveys. The research used 31 anonymous home cooks in the USA who describe their information needs, preferences, and behaviors when in the process of gourmet cooking.

Findings - Home cooks seek recipes that meet specific needs such as quick, budget-friendly, child-friendly, special occasions, personal preference, portable, and ethnic foods. To find information, home cooks use the All Recipes, Food Network, Epicurious, or Google websites; Cooking Light, Southern Living, or Real Simple magazine subscriptions; and Barefoot Contessa, 30 Minute Meals with Rachael Ray, or other Food Network channel television shows.

Practical Implication - This study can serve as a guide to libraries in order to improve their services for home cook users.
Searching where for what: A comparison of use of the library catalogue, Google and Wikipedia
Authors: Waller Vivienne
Published: December 2018

There is a widespread concern amongst librarians that Google Search and Wikipedia are making library reference services and even library collections redundant. There is however, little research on the types of subjects that people look up on Google, Wikipedia and library catalogues. This exploratory analysis draws together the results of transaction log analyses of the subjects of Google and library catalogue search queries and the subject of search engine queries that took users to Wikipedia. As well as comparing the subject of search queries, it estimates the extent of use of each information resource. Hence this paper contributes to research on current information-seeking and the role of public libraries in online information provision.
On the gaining of understanding; syntheses, themes and information analysis
Authors: Bawden David
Published: December 2018

Methods for gaining qualitative understanding, in the specific sense defined by Jonathan Kvanvig, of sets of information instantiated in documents, in the context of library/information research, are reviewed and compared. A number of methods are relevant to this kind of study, including critical and systematic reviewing, meta-ethnography, historical analysis, philosophical analysis, content and discourse analysis, and grounded theory. It is concluded that, while such studies are carried out in library/information research, there is no agreement on the most appropriate methods. It is suggested that the most appropriate methodology is based on critical interpretive synthesis, carried out in the style of ethnographic, chronological or conceptual analysis.
Practical tips on interviewing the great and the good
Authors: Buckley Owen Barbara Jo
Published: December 2018

Based on experience of researching for a PhD and many years working in information policy, this article provides practical tips to guide anyone wishing to interview experts as part of their research. It takes a common-sense approach to the whole process, starting with the initial decisions to be made, types of interviews, how to get your interviewees on board, prioritisation of interviewees, venues and timing. It then takes you through recording and managing the interviews, and finally covers transcription and wrapping up. The need for careful planning and flexibility are stressed. A checklist of 42 tips to help you plan your interviews is appended.
An expanded critical incident approach for exploring information use and learning
Authors: Hughes Hilary
Published: December 2018

Critical incidents offer a focus for exploratory research about human experiences, including information use and information literacy learning. This paper describes how critical incidents underpinned research about international students’ use of online information resources at two Australian universities. It outlines the development and application of an expanded critical incident approach (ECIA), explaining how ECIA built upon critical incident technique (CIT) and incorporated information literacy theory. It discusses points of expansion (differences) between CIT and ECIA. While CIT initially proved useful in structuring the research, the pilot study revealed methodological limitations. ECIA allowed more nuanced data analysis and the integration of reflection. The study produced a multifaceted word picture of international students’ experience of using online information resources to learn, and a set of critical findings about their information literacy learning needs. ECIA offers a fresh approach for researching information use, information experience, evidence-based practice, information literacy and informed learning.
Elaborations of Grounded Theory in Information Research: Arenas/Social Worlds Theory, Discourse and Situational Analysis
Authors: Vasconcelos Ana , Sen Barbara , Rosa Ana , Ellis David
Published: December 2018

This paper explores elaborations of Grounded Theory in relation to Arenas/Social Worlds Theory. The notions of arenas and social worlds were present in early applications of Grounded Theory but have not been as much used or recognised as the general Grounded Theory approach, particularly in the information studies field. The studies discussed here are therefore very unusual in information research. The empirical contexts of these studies are those of (1) the role of discourse in the organisational adaptation in information systems, (2) discourses on Organizational Interoperability in eGovernment and (3) situational analysis and discourses on coping with long term illness. Despite having a common focus on discourse and combining Grounded Theory with the Arenas/Social Worlds Theory, these three studies represent different elaborations of Grounded Theory. The structure of the analytical processes adopted range from a looser application of the constant comparative method to a much more structured analytical approach informed by Situational Analysis. The theoretical implications of the studies are explored. It is concluded that the Arenas/Social Worlds theoretical approach and the use of discourse and situational analysis are particularly appropriate for library and information research and provide a flexible and adaptable research approach for explaining and mapping complex and dynamic domains.
Translation of German Dialects and Colloquial Speech into English: Language, Backgrounds, and Attitudes
Authors: Pausch Barbara
Published: December 2018

Analyzing dialects and colloquial speech, this study focuses on four research questions: What are the participants’ attitudes towards dialect and colloquial speech and their usages? Are their language backgrounds reflected in the language attitudes? How are the German sub-standards translated into English? How are the language attitudes reflected (or not) in the translations?
Making Our Voices Heard: Critical Literacy Through Song
Authors: Aberdeen Trudie
Published: December 2018

Scholars have demonstrated that Freire’s critical pedagogy is an influential and powerful educational philosophy for those working with migrant workers, refugees, and marginalized high school students. The purpose of this article is to show how adult ESL learners who are immigrants to Canada, in addition to these other groups, have benefited from a critical pedagogy approach to learning through participation in a weekly choir, Global Voices, despite the fact that they are not traditionally considered disempowered. The participants’ insights can hopefully inform choir directors, classroom instructors, educational policies, and curricular choices.
Branding China to the World: A Pilot Study on China in the 2009 UN Copenhagen Climate Change Conference
Authors: Chen Guangfeng
Published: December 2018

This study pilots an appraisal analysis of news articles on environmental reports from China Daily, with its twofold purpose to 1) examine the ideological discursive construction of China’s image in China Daily, and 2) show how attitudes encoded in news articles can be unveiled through the use of linguistic tools provided by the appraisal theory of Martin and White. The results showed that the contrast of a positive China vs. a negative US constituted a dominant pattern in the analyzed article on Copenhagen conference, which coincided with the "otherization" strategy in Western press. It is also showed that the appraisal analysis conducted in this paper was very productive and strong in revealing the image of China constructed in the China Daily news article analyzed, as well as the detailed way of the image construction through lexicogrammatical items of affect, judgment and appreciation.
Metaphoric Recurrences of Dreamlike Imagery in M. Khvylovy’s “My Self (Romantica)” and N. Gogol’s “Diary of a Madman”
Authors: Polianska Daria
Published: December 2018

Delusional states such as madness and hallucination are traditionally viewed as mental disorders characterized by a chaotic activity or as an experience in which something is perceived as true but is not real. In a literary discourse, madness and hallucination can be viewed as analogous to metaphoric perception of reality. Primarily, due to the fact that the way protagonists think and see things shifts from accepted societal norms to unaccountable patterns of behavior.In this article I approach madness and hallucination as dreamlike states of mind and follow George Lakoff’s belief that everyday abstract concepts like time, change, causation, and purpose appear to be metaphorical (1). From this point, I explore the narrative of madness and hallucination through the metaphoric recurrences of dreamlike imagery in Nikolai Gogol’s “Diary of a Madman” and Mykola Khvylovy’s “My Self (Romantica).”I suggest that both stories present situations of crisis, in which the characters appear on the edge of mental breakdown and thus experience the dreamlike states. Symbolically, the recurrent images that appear in the stories are connected to the idea of nationhood and social pressures within imperial Russia (1835) in “Diary of a Madman” and to the Communist Party ideology during its early rule in Ukraine (approximately 1920s-1930s) in “Myself (Romantica).” Therefore, by depicting the progression of their protagonists’ mental disorders, the writers reveal the truth about social and political struggles of their times
Five Villains
Authors: Ben Lazreg Houssem
Published: December 2018

Houssem Ben Lazreg provides an English translation of the poem “Five Villains” by the Iraqi poet Ahmed Matta, as well as a commentary that introduces the poet and explains the cultural and political references in the poem.
Review of Franco Moretti's Distant Reading
Authors: Perez Trujillo Axel
Published: December 2018

Review of Franco Moretti's Distant Reading
Truth, Violence, and Domestic Space: Contesting Patriarchal Ontology in José Triana’s "La noche de los asesinos" and Ariel Dorfman’s "La muerte y la doncella"
Authors: Perez Trujillo Axel
Published: December 2018

This paper analyzes the staging of domestic space and gender reversals in José Triana's La noche de los asesinos and Ariel Dorfman's La muerte y la doncella.  Both aspects indicate the intersection between space and identity, especially in regards to the enforcement of patriarchal order.  Although differing in their political contexts, both plays explore the oppression and containment of fixed gender and spatial values under authoritarian regimes and how such repression leads to a reversal of gender identities and the emergence of liminal spaces.
My Father's Dreams
Authors: Abdolmaleki Kara
Published: December 2018

Kara Abdolmaleki provides an English translation of the short Story “My Father’s Dreams” by the well-known Iranian writer Gholamhosein Saedi and a biographical introduction.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT Pb PADA SEDIMEN dan KERANG DARAH (Genus: Anadara) di PERAIRAN PANTAI LABUHAN TERENG KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Handayani Meyla Fitri , Muhlis Muhlis , Gunawan Erin Ryantin
Published: December 2018

The aims of this research are to analyze the content of Lead in blood cockle (Genus: Anadara) at West Lombok Labuhan Tereng coastal waters. The content of lead in sediment and clams was analysis at Mataram University Analytical Laboratory by using wet digestion method and measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) in 283.3 nm wavelength. The results then compared with the sediments and clams standards applicable. Results of Pb in the sediment measurements show that the highest lead levels is 30.66 mg/kg found in around Dusun Cemara coast. The results obtained are still at the level targets under Dutch Quality Standards for Metals in sediments (IADC / CEDA), 1997. The highest Pb levels in blood clams is 13,075 mg/kg contained by a medium-sized (3.08 cm) of species A. antiquata around Kebon Talo estuary. These results are indicate that the levels of Pb in blood cockle is already distant exceeded the threshold of consumption under Indonesian National Standar, 2009 which is equals to 1.5 mg/kg, so the clams blood in coastal waters Labuhan Tereng should not be consumed greatly overheated because the accumulative character of Pb can be harmful for health.Keywords: Blood cockle, sediment, acumulation, lead
En nombre de Sycorax: un homenaje a Silvia Federici
Authors: Cruz Hernández Delmy Tania , Garzón Martínez María Teresa
Published: December 2018

El artículo presenta la obra de la pensadora y activista feminista Silvia Federici, desde la perspectiva personal de las autoras, quienes siguen su trayectoria intelectual en especial los ejes conceptuales, sus apuestas políticas, aportes y legados. Así, el texto recorre el trabajo de Federici desde su experiencia en la guerra, el trabajo doméstico, la lucha por el salario al trabajo doméstico, el desarrollo capitalista y la lucha por los comunes, lo que exalta su trabajo como activista.
Unkarilaisten henkilönnimien ja nimenvalinnan erityispiirteitä
Authors: Sarhemaa Maria , Takács Judit
Published: December 2018

Artikkeli käsittelee unkarilaisia henkilönnimiä, nimifraaseja ja nimenvalintaa sekä etunimiin kytkeytyviä merkityksiä ja kokoaa niitä käsittelevää kirjallisuutta. Käsittely on osittain kontrastiivista: unkarilaista käytäntöä verrataan suomalaiseen sellaisissa kohdissa, joissa se helpottaa suomalaista lukijaa. Artikkelin näkökulma on alussa yhteiskunnallinen ja sosio-onomastinen ja tarkastelussa ovat unkarilaiset nimifraasit sekä niiden eri osat. Myöhemmin tarkastelun keskiöön rajautuvat etunimet ja näkökulma muuttuu enemmän semanttiseksi.
 
Unkarilainen nimifraasi koostuu usein monista eri osista, ja etu- ja sukunimen lisäksi siinä voi olla erilaisia nimentäydennyksiä, jotka kertovat nimenkantajan kansalaisuudesta, siviilisäädystä, perheensisäisestä sukupolvesta tai koulutustaustasta. Unkarilaisten nimifraasien käyttö yleensä ja erityisesti unkarilaisten naisten nimifraasien käyttö muunkielisessä, esimerkiksi suomenkielisessä, kontekstissa saattaa toisinaan aiheuttaa ongelmia. Naisen nimifraasi saattaa koostua pelkästään aviomiehen etu- ja sukunimestä sekä johtimesta -né ’vaimo’, jolloin nimeä toisenkielisessä kontekstissa käyttävän on ratkaistava, missä muodossa hän nimeä käyttää.
 
Unkarissa – kuten Suomessakin – nimenvalintaan vaikuttavat yhteiskunnalliset normit ja sosiaaliset konventiot. Uusien nimien antamista säädellään Unkarissa jokseenkin tiukasti. Jos lapselle halutaan antaa nimi, joka ei vielä ole hyväksyttyjen etunimien listalla, nimen antamista pitää erikseen anoa. Unkarissa on tyypillistä, että virallisen etunimen sijaan jokapäiväisessä kielenkäytössä käytetään erilaisia lisänimiä. Tällaisten lisänimien käyttö on hyvin vakiintunutta ja vaihtelee muun muassa nimenkantajan iän mukaan.
 
Normit ja konventiot eivät kuitenkaan ole ainoa nimenvalintaan vaikuttava seikka, vaan nimenantoon vaikuttavat myös etunimiin kytkeytyvät erilaiset merkitykset. Siksi artikkelissa pohditaan myös kysymystä siitä, onko nimellä ylipäänsä merkitystä, sekä tarkastellaan etunimiin yhdistyviä merkityksiä ja konnotaatioita.
Teenagers Perception toward Language Use in Public Place Advertisement
Authors: Triyuni Dielma , Fadhilla Fadhilla , Putri Liska Widya
Published: December 2018

This study aimed to investigate the teenagers’ perception towards language use in advertisement. Advertisement is the best way to communicate to the customers. Advertisement helps informs the customers about the brands available in the market and the variety of products useful to them. Advertisement is for everybody including kids, young and old. It is done using various media types, with different techniques and methods most suited. Advertisements are of great importance for any business activity as it attracts people to use the particular service. Most of the businessmen are using various different means of communication to reach people around the world and turn them into leads that can be further turned into potent customers. Visual content and design in advertising have a very great impact on the consumer, but it is language that helps people to identify a product and remember it. The research is done by means of descriptive qualitative method supported by questionnaire in data collection procedures. The results show that the perceptions of teenagers towards advertisements are the language used is simple and easy to remember and advertisements functions as reminder.
To compare intrapartum cardiotocographic (CTG) recording with conventional intermittent fetal heart auscultation during labor
Authors: Bansal Isha , Kansal Richa , Mahendru R. , Siwach Sunita , Singla Deepak , Singh Manjeet
Published: December 2018

Standard evaluation of fetal well-being during labor includes the periodic assessment of the fetal heart rate (FHR), its pattern and response to intrapartum stimuli and events. Effective methods of evaluation and meaningful interpretation of FHR data range from non-invasive techniques like Intermittent Auscultation, continuous electronic fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring to invasive techniques of fetal blood gas analysis and fetal ECG.
A Validated Ion Chromatography method for determination of Ammonium content in Omeprazole tablets
Authors: Parshaa Swetha C. , Kumara Y. Ravindra , Chanderb M. Ravi
Published: December 2018

A simple, feasible, definite and strong Ion chromatography method was developed for the quantitative determination of ammonium content in Omeprazole tablets. The method was developed using Ion pac CS17 Column, 250 X 4.6mm X 5.0 m column with mobile phase containing 1.5mM Methane sulfonic acid in water. The eluted compounds were monitored using conductivity detector. The unknown peak and ammonium peak were well separated with resolution more than 2.0. The developed method was validated as per Internatonal Conference on Harmonisation of technical Requirements for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use guidelines with respect to linearity (The high correlation coefficient >0.99), limit of detection, limit of quantification, exactness, precision and robustness. The Limit of detection, Limit of quantification values of Ammonium were 8ppm and 30ppm respectively.
To monitor the adverse drug reactions and safety of medicines commonly prescribed at obstetrics and gynaecology unit in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Dhar Kavita , Chauhan Shalu , Sharma Jyotsna , Gaur Preeti , Chopra V. S. , Bajaj Umakant
Published: December 2018

Adverse drug reactions are the recognized hazards of drug therapy and they can occur with any class of drugs. Any substance that is capable of producing a therapeutic effect can also produce unwanted or adverse effects. Adverse Drug Reactions result in increased healthcare cost due to the need of some interventions and increased hospital stay. The study was undertaken to monitor the adverse drug reactions to medicines commonly prescribed at obstetrics and gynaecology unit in a tertiary care hospital, to establish ten most commonly prescribed medicines in this unit that gave maximum adverse drug reactions and to determine the list of commonly affected organ systems and assess their causality. In this Retrospective, non-interventional study a total of 63 adverse drug reaction reports were collected from 249 patients. The most common medicine that caused maximum ADRs was Oxytocin 10 (15.87%). Other frequently used drugs were Amikacin, Methylergometrine, Mifepristone+Misoprostol,Levonorgestrel+Ethinylestradiol, Cefotaxim+sulbactam, Cefixime+Ofloxacin, Mifepristone alone,Clomifene citrate, Tramadol. The most commonly affected organ system was cardio-vascular system 12 (19.04%).The assessment by Naranjo’s scale showed that out of 63 ADRs, 41 (65.07%) ADRs were probably related to drugs, 21 (33.33%) ADRs were possibly related to drugs and 1 (1.58%) ADR was doubtful. WHO causality assessment scale revealed that out of 63 ADRs, 51(80.95%) ADRs were probable or likely, 12(19.04%) ADRs were possible. It was observed that safe medicines were prescribed in obstetrics and gynaecology department as per FDA category A with no banned drugs .However, there is a need to sensitize the doctors to prescribe rationally and emphasize this aspect in under and post graduate medical teaching as well. The health system needs to promote spontaneous reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions from all health care professionals and the public at large in a well structured programme to build synergies for monitoring ADR in the country. Also proper documentation and periodic reporting to regional pharmacovigilance centres should be encouraged to arrive at meaningful conclusion on safety issue of medicines and thereby reduce considerably social and economic consequences of ADRs.
Hepatic stellate cells targeting – a specific approach to liver cirrhosis
Authors: Sahani Vandana , Bhatt Ganesh , Kothiyal Preeti
Published: December 2018

Cirrhosis is one of the chronic generalised disease and has a variety of clinical manifestations and complications some of which can be a life threatening. This results in decrease in hepatocellular mass and thus functions. It is 12th leading cause of death in United States. Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) plays a crucial role in the development of liver fibrosis because of their prominent role in extracellular matrix production, regulation of vascular tone, and production of inflammatory mediators such as transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF).Therefore, these cells are major target for the treatment of Cirrhosis. Cell-specific delivery can provide a solution to these problems, but a specific drug carrier for HSC has not been described until now. The mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II (M6P/IGF-II) receptor, which is expressed in particular upon HSC during fibrosis, may serve as a target-receptor for a potential carrier. Carrier molecules are designed for their selective cellular uptake, taking advantage of specific receptors or binding sites present on the surface membrane of the target cell.
A case of virilising steroid cell tumour of ovary
Authors: Saravanan E. , Anirudhan T. N. , Subhalakshmi R.
Published: December 2018

A middle aged female patient presented to our Gynaec OPD with acute onset of virilising symptoms and vague abdominal pain. The patient’s biochemical values were normal except for a raised serum testosterone level and a raised CA125 level. Ultrasound and Computed tomography revealed an ovarian mass with mild ascites that appeared to be a yellowish solid ovarian tumour on gross examination. Microscopic examination showed a neoplasm composed of medium sized cells with clear cytoplasm and some with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The diagnosis of Benign steroid cell tumour of ovary, not otherwise specified (NOS-type) was made. The case is presented for its rarity.
Problems and challenges faced in consumer reporting of adverse drug reactions in developing countries – A case study of Yemen, Nepal and Malaysia
Authors: Alshakka Mohammed , Jha Nisha , Algefri Saleh , Ibrahim Mohamed Izham M. , Hassali Mohamed Azmi , Abdorabbo Ahmed , Shankar P. Ravi
Published: December 2018

Background: Pharmacovigilance is the “science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug related problems”. The most commonly used adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting system worldwide is spontaneous and voluntary reporting, which forms the backbone of reporting systems. Aims: To explore the current status of consumer involvement in the pharmacovigilance program in three developing countries, Yemen, Nepal and Malaysia. Method: An analysis was carried out for these three countries based on the current status of pharmacovigilance and involvement of consumers in their pharmacovigilance programs. Results: Malaysia has a good system for involving consumers in their national pharmacovigilance system, whereas Yemen still lacks the well-formed national drug policy. Lack of legislation and regulation which govern the import and distribution of drugs in Yemen is a limiting factor for development of consumer pharmacovigilance. Despite establishment of a pharmacovigilance centre, no reports have been released by the centre. The status of pharmacovigilance in Nepal is still in infancy. The regulatory body is assigned to be a national pharmacovigilance center, and coordinates with seven regional centers for pharmacovigilance activities. Nepal also lacks the involvement of consumers in the national pharmacovigilance program. Conclusion: Consumer reporting may be important for developing countries to implement a proper and effective pharmacovigilance program that can reduce morbidity and mortality rates, as well as reducing the economic burden of ADRs.
Preliminary Study of Hyphomycetes of Central India.
Authors: Shukla Arjun , Sharma Sunita , Rai Shivani
Published: December 2018

During the preliminary investigation of hyphomycetes from central India eight species of freshwater and freshwater-borne Hyphomycetes encountered in foam samples collected from the different streams and rivers. These fungi namely viz., Wiesneriomyces laurinus Kirk, Flabellospora multiradiata Nawawi, Isthmotricladia gombakiensis Nawawi, Triscelophorus acuminatus Nawawi, Flabellospora acuminata Descals and Webster, Sporidesmium leonense M.B. Ellis, Acrodictys globulosa Toth M.B. Ellis, and Acladium phoenicis Ramachar are being reported for the first time from central India. Brief notes and illustrations are also provided along with geographical distributions of these fungi in India.