bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid nonlinear ripple‐free sampled‐data robust regulation with application to UAVs
Authors: Larios‐Navarro Ulises , García‐Vázquez Horacio , Castillo‐Toledo Bernardino , Gennaro Stefano Di
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes a novel solution to the problem of robust ripple‐free hybrid robust regulator ensuring the elimination of intersample ripples. The paper considers a structurally stable regulation approach in the hybrid framework. A regulator is designed using this technique under periodic sampling and is applied to the nonlinear model of a quadrotor. The control of unmanned autonomous vehicles has become a research topic that is important by itself, particularly in the case of multi‐rotor systems due to their versatility in various applications. Tracking a reference signal for such vehicles can be challenging, particularly when the frequency of communication is limited, or the control station is located far away. The proposed controller is hence tested for this challenging application.
Temporal channel reconfiguration multi‐graph convolution network for skeleton‐based action recognition
Authors: Lei Siyue , Tang Bin , Chen Yanhua , Zhao Mingfu , Xu Yifei , Long Zourong
Published: April 2024

Skeleton‐based action recognition has received much attention and achieved remarkable achievements in the field of human action recognition. In time series action prediction for different scales, existing methods mainly focus on attention mechanisms to enhance modelling capabilities in spatial dimensions. However, this approach strongly depends on the local information of a single input feature and fails to facilitate the flow of information between channels. To address these issues, the authors propose a novel Temporal Channel Reconfiguration Multi‐Graph Convolution Network (TRMGCN). In the temporal convolution part, the authors designed a module called Temporal Channel Fusion with Guidance (TCFG) to capture important temporal information within channels at different scales and avoid ignoring cross‐spatio‐temporal dependencies among joints. In the graph convolution part, the authors propose Top‐Down Attention Multi‐graph Independent Convolution (TD‐MIG), which uses multi‐graph independent convolution to learn the topological graph feature for different length time series. Top‐down attention is introduced for spatial and channel modulation to facilitate information flow in channels that do not establish topological relationships. Experimental results on the large‐scale datasets NTU‐RGB + D60 and 120, as well as UAV‐Human, demonstrate that TRMGCN exhibits advanced performance and capabilities. Furthermore, experiments on the smaller dataset NW‐UCLA have indicated that the authors’ model possesses strong generalisation abilities.
WR‐3.4 multi‐mode waveguide module with single‐chip‐integrated array circuits
Authors: Koh Yunkyeong , Jeon Sanggeun , Kim Moonil
Published: April 2024

This paper introduces a WR‐3.4 waveguide module that contains an array of circuits fabricated on a single chip with an area of 3 × 0.75 mm2. The array comprises ten elements, each containing a straight differential thru line connecting input and output waveguide transitions. Modifications to the edge element design are intended to produce perfect cell‐to‐cell symmetry by providing amplitude and phase balances for all array elements. The measurements show that the array module possesses an insertion loss of around 3.5 dB in the frequency range of 220–300 GHz. This result represents an increase of 2.5 dB compared to an empty waveguide module, displaying similarity to the performance of single‐element modules.
Study on the evaluation method of polymerisation degree based on Raman spectroscopic plot
Authors: Yang Zhuang , Chen Weigen , Yin Zhixian , Yang Dingkun
Published: April 2024

In order to achieve accurate quantitative evaluation of the ageing state of oil paper insulation, an evaluation method of polymerisation degree (DP) of oil–paper insulation based on Raman spectroscopic plot is presented. Samples covering the full ageing stage of oil–paper insulation were obtained by accelerated thermal ageing experiments. The samples were tested by Raman spectra, and the Raman spectra were converted into Raman spectroscopic plot using Gramian angular field. Feature extraction was performed on the images using local binary pattern (LBP), and 28 feature variables were selected by competitive adaptive reweighted sampling and uninformative variable elimination. Finally, the DP prediction model was constructed by long short‐term memory neural network (LSTM). The training accuracy exceeded 90%, and the mean absolute deviation of DP prediction for 45 test samples was only 40.70. A new visual detection method for transformer ageing diagnosis is presented.
Video object segmentation via couple streams and feature memory
Authors: Liang Yun , Xiao Xinjie , Qiu Shaojian , Zhang Yuqing , Su Zhuo
Published: April 2024

In recent years, most video segmentation methods use deep CNN to process the input image, but they did not fully mine the rich intermediate predictions in spatio‐temporal space. And, the segmentation challenges such as occlusion, severe deformation and illumination have not been well solved so far. To alleviate these problems, this paper focuses on constructing multi module network structures that represent multi semantics and proposes a video object segmentation network via coupled‐stream architecture with feature memory mechanism. This network first extracts high‐level semantic features, edge features, long‐term and short‐term stable depth features of the target, and then decode them into the segmentation mask of target. In addition, negative skeleton inhibition and frame interpolation are used to prevent the interference of similar objects and motion blur, respectively. The method has a low GPU memory usage, regardless of the number of object in video. And performs 86.5%and 62.4% in J&F measure on DAVIS 2016 and DAVIS 2017 validation set, without fine‐tuning and online training.
Local feature‐based video captioning with multiple classifier and CARU‐attention
Authors: Im Sio‐Kei , Chan Ka‐Hou
Published: April 2024

Video captioning aims to identify multiple objects and their behaviours in a video event and generate captions for the current scene. This task aims to generate a detailed description of the current video in real‐time using natural language, which requires deep learning to analyze and determine the relationships between interesting objects in the frame sequence. In practice, existing methods typically involve detecting objects in the frame sequence and then generating captions based on features extracted through object coverage locations. Therefore, the results of caption generation are highly dependent on the performance of object detection and identification. This work proposes an advanced video captioning approach that works in adaptively and effectively addresses the interdependence between event proposals and captions. Additionally, an attention‐based multimodel framework is introduced to capture the main context from the frame and sound in the video scene. Also, an intermediate model is presented to collect the hidden states captured from the input sequence, which performs to extract the main features and implicitly produce multiple event proposals. For caption prediction, the proposed method employs the CARU layer with attention consideration as the primary RNN layer for decoding. Experimental results showed that the proposed work achieves improvements compared to the baseline method and also better performance compared to other state‐of‐the‐art models on the ActivityNet dataset, presenting competitive results in the tasks of video captioning.
Beyond Circular Eclipsers (BeyonCE) light curve modelling
Authors: van Dam Dirk M. , Kenworthy Matthew A.
Published: April 2024

Context. Time series photometry offers astronomers the tools to study time-dependent astrophysical phenomena, from stellar activity to fast radio bursts and exoplanet transits. Transit events, in particular, are focussed primarily on planetary transits and eclipsing binaries with eclipse geometries that can be parameterised with a few variables. However, more complex light curves caused by the substructure within the transiting object would require a customised analysis code.

Aims. We present Beyond Circular Eclipsers (BeyonCE), which reduces the parameter space encompassed by the transit of circumsec-ondary disc (CSD) systems with azimuthally symmetric, non-uniform optical-depth profiles. By rejecting disc geometries that are not able to reproduce the measured gradients within their light curves, we can constrain the size and orientation of discs with a complex sub-structure.

Methods. We mapped out all the possible geometries of a disc and calculated the gradients for rings crossing the star. We then rejected those configurations where the measured gradient of the light curve is greater than the theoretical gradient from the given disc orientation.

Results. We present the fitting code BeyonCE and demonstrate its effectiveness in considerably reducing the parameter space of discs that contain an azimuthally symmetric structure. We used the code to analyse the light curves seen towards J1407 and PDS 110, attributed to CSD transits.
Possible origins of anomalous H I gas around MHONGOOSE galaxy, NGC 5068
Authors: Healy J. , de Blok W. J. G. , Maccagni F. M. , Amram P. , Chemin L. , Combes F. , Holwerda B. W. , Kamphuis P. , Pisano D. J. , Schinnerer E. , Spekkens K. , Verdes-Montenegro L. , Walter F. , Adams E. A. K. , Gibson B. K. , Kleiner D. , Veronese S. , Zabel N. , English J. , Carignan C.
Published: April 2024

The existing reservoirs of neutral atomic hydrogen gas (H I) in galaxies are insufficient to have maintained the observed levels of star formation without some kind of replenishment. This refuelling of the H I reservoirs is likely to occur at column densities an order of magnitude lower than previous observational limits (NH I, limit ∼ 1019 cm−2 at a 30″ resolution over a linewidth of 20 km s−1). In this paper, we present recent deep H I observations of NGC 5068, a nearby isolated star-forming galaxy observed by MeerKAT as part of the MHONGOOSE survey. With these new data, we were able to detect low column density H I around NGC 5068 with a 3σ detection limit of NH I = 6.4 × 1017 cm−2 at a 90″ resolution over a 20 km s−1 linewidth. The high sensitivity and resolution of the MeerKAT data reveal a complex morphology of the H I in this galaxy – a regularly rotating inner disk coincident with the main star-forming disk of the galaxy, a warped outer disk of low column density gas (NH I < 9 × 1019 cm−2), in addition to clumps of gas on the north-western side of the galaxy. We employed a simple two disk model that described the inner and outer disks, which enabled us to identify anomalous gas that deviates from the rotation of the main galaxy. The morphology and the kinematics of the anomalous gas suggest a possible extra-galactic origin. We explore a number of possible origin scenarios that may explain the anomalous gas, and conclude that fresh accretion is the most likely scenario.
Gas metallicity of ram-pressure-stripped galaxies at intermediate redshifts with MUSE data
Authors: Khoram A. , Poggianti B. , Moretti A. , Vulcani B. , Radovich M. , Werle A. , Gullieuszik M. , Richard J.
Published: April 2024

Extraplanar tails of ionized-stripped gas, extending up to several tens of kiloparsecs beyond the stellar disk, are often observed in ram-pressure-stripped (RPS) galaxies in low-redshift clusters. Recent studies have also identified similar tails at high redshifts, and we present here the first analysis of the chemical composition of such tails beyond the local Universe. Specifically, we examined the distribution of the ionized gas metallicity of RPS galaxies in the Abell 2744 (z = 0.308) and Abell 370 (z = 0.375) clusters observed as part of the MUSE-GTO program. We investigated spatially resolved and global metallicities in galactic disks and stripped tails, utilizing both a theoretical calibration from a photoionization model and an empirical calibration. The metallicity gradients and the spatially resolved mass–metallicity relations indicate that the metallicity in the tails reaches values that are up to ∼0.6 dex lower than anywhere in the parent disks, with a few exceptions. Both the disks and tails follow a global mass–metallicity relation, though the tail metallicity is systematically lower than that of the corresponding disk, by up to ∼0.2 dex. These findings demonstrate that additional processes are at play in the tails and are consistent with a scenario of a progressive dilution of the metallicity along the tails due to the mixing of the intracluster medium and interstellar gas, in accordance with previous low-z results. In principle, the same scenario can also explain the flat or positive metallicity gradients observed in low-mass RPS galaxies since in these galaxies the interstellar medium’s metallicity can approach the metallicity levels found in the intracluster medium.
A fast-rotating blue straggler star in the tidal tail of the open cluster NGC 752
Authors: Li Chunyan , Zhong Jing , Qin Songmei , Jiang Dengkai , Shan Xingmei , Chen Li
Published: April 2024

Context.NGC 752 is a well-known Galactic open cluster of intermediate age. In recent works, a very long and asymmetric tail was revealed. A blue straggler star (BSS) at the periphery of the tidal tail of the cluster was subsequently identified.

Aims.We aim to perform a detailed analysis of the newly detected BSS based on the available comprehensive spectroscopic and photometric data. We also explored this BSS’s possible formation pathway and age limitation based on the collected spectroscopic and photometric data.

Methods.We reconfirmed the membership of the newly determined BSS of NGC 752, supplemented byGaiaDR3 radial velocity data. Moreover, we also estimated the projected rotational velocity and the mass of the BSS from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope low-resolution spectra and multiband photometric data from various catalogs, respectively.

Results.The newly discovered BSS is confirmed as a genuine member of NGC 752. The lack of ultraviolet excess in the spectral energy distribution and no significant variations in the light curve imply that this BSS is likely a single star (mass = 1.86−0.94+3.62 M⊙) formed through stellar mergers. The fast rotation velocity (v sin i = 206.9 ± 4.9 km s−1) of the BSS may provide constraints on its age (less than a hundred million years), but more formation details require further investigation.
A method for non-linear inversion of the stellar structure applied to gravity-mode pulsators
Authors: Farrell Eoin , Buldgen Gaël , Meynet Georges , Eggenberger Patrick , Dupret Marc-Antoine , Bowman Dominic M.
Published: April 2024

We present a method for a non-linear asteroseismic inversion suitable for gravity-mode pulsators and apply it to slowly pulsating B-type (SPB) stars. Our inversion method is based on the iterative improvement of a parameterised static stellar structure model, which in turn is based on constraints from the observed oscillation periods. We present tests to demonstrate that the method is successful in recovering the properties of artificial targets both inside and outside the parameter space. We also present a test of our method on the well-studied SPB star KIC 7760680. We believe that this method is promising for carrying out detailed analyses of observations of SPB andγDor stars and will provide complementary information to evolutionary models.
Characterization and understanding of mechanical variability of elastomer: application in automotive valve testing in low cycles fatigue
Authors: Forasacco Rodolphe , Deffarges Marie-Pierre , Lacroix Florian , Chalon Florent , Couarraze Stéphane , Venin Mathieu , Méo Stéphane
Published: April 2024

Currently, rubber automotive valves are appropriate for passenger vehicles that operate at speeds lower than 210 km/h. However, beyond this threshold, the mechanical stress imposed on the elastomer is far more intense, increasing the risk of cracks caused by the cyclic accelerations and decelerations of the vehicle. This work delves into valve damage at high speed to gain insights into the factors contributing to failures. Fractographic analysis on valves has facilitated a thorough comprehension of valve damage by precisely pinpointing the location of crack initiation and its propagation within the volume of the elastomer. Nevertheless, the correlation between failures and valve durability is not straightforward, primarily due to variations in bench test equipment. Therefore, in order to eliminate the influence of bench test equipment-related variations, a fatigue campaign was conducted on laboratory specimens. This aimed to exclusively characterize the variability in rubber fatigue. Additionally, to achieve a higher level of representativeness of valve application, Hencky's invariants were employed to establish an equivalent kinematic mechanical valve state on these specimens. Experimental results attest an intrinsic variability of the rubber material. Subsequently, a fractography study on these specimens has provided a clearer insight into the primary material weaknesses, specifically focusing on the agglomeration of black carbon. A microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to assess the batch dispersion state in correlation with specimen durability.
Optimization design of support structure diaphragms of composite forming die integrated with response surface
Authors: Liu Congbin , Jiang Hao , Li Qiang , Qi Jianwei , Zhang Lianchao
Published: April 2024

Although mold designs are used in various sectors, molding composite materials results in issues such as deformation and insufficient stiffness. To this end, the response surface method was used to optimize the design of the mold support structure partition, improving the performance parameters of the mold by increasing the number of U and V direction partitions. The experiment showed that the deformation during forklift transportation decreased by 36.5%, during lifting transportation by 13.9%, during paving deformation by 36.9%, and during hot pressing, the deformation of the tank was reduced by 18.2%. After optimization, the maximum deformation of the mold under conditions such as forklift transportation, lifting, and paving is similar to or slightly reduced from the original model. Meanwhile, the thermal deformation and quality of the mold decreased by 28% and 12.8%, respectively. The research results have important reference value for the design of composite material forming molds, helping to improve the performance and efficiency of the molds and reduce costs. By optimizing the design of the support structure partition, effective control of mold deformation can be achieved, and the stiffness of the mold can be improved, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the mold under various working conditions.
Game-Based Mechanisms for Speaking English Enhancement: Exploring the Potential of Electronic Games in English Teaching in Chinese Universities
Authors: Yin Hao , Chen Yiran
Published: April 2024

With the continuous development of science and technology, the popularity of electronic games in China is getting higher and higher. As a long popular form of entertainment, electronic games are not only the favorite choice of young people but also influence oral English teaching in Chinese universities to a certain extent. This paper will analyze in depth the main mechanisms by which electronic games enhance students’ English speaking ability, and further explore the positive impact and possibility of introducing electronic games into the English speaking teaching system in Chinese universities.
Exploration of English teaching Strategy based on English linguistics theory
Authors: Wang Lan
Published: April 2024

At present, the development speed of international economic and cultural integration is accelerating. As one of the world’s common languages, English is of great significance in university teaching. As the foundation of English education, linguistics plays an irreplaceable role in the study of the nature, law and application of language. Studying linguistics can enable students to better understand and use English. Therefore, guided by the basic principles of English linguistics, discussing the countermeasures of English teaching plays a very important role in improving college students’ comprehensive ability of English listening, speaking, reading and writing and their ability to carry out cross-cultural communication in universities. This study will take English linguistics theory as the research object, and from the construction of reasonable teaching task, create reasonable teaching environment, build team linguistics learning model three aspects put forward the English linguistics theory in college English teaching strategy, for the development of college English teaching to provide certain guidance.
Orientation and optimization: The Dilemma and Practical Path of the Overall Teaching of Chinese Units in Primary Schools
Authors: Wang Yuanyin
Published: April 2024

Under the guidance of core literacy in Chinese, unit based holistic teaching, as a major emerging form of primary school Chinese teaching, has gradually become the focus of current Chinese teaching practice and research. The overall teaching of the unit is based on real task situations, but in the implementation of primary school Chinese teaching, problems such as simplification, formality, and excessive extension have been exposed, which urgently need to be effectively resolved. The overall teaching of units is generated on top of traditional unit teaching, and should be reasonably connected to the foundation of unit teaching, constructing a more coherent learning process, in order to explore the optimization path to achieve the overall teaching goals of units.
Exploring the Art Rehabilitation Model for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from the Perspective of Holistic Development
Authors: Xu Xinyu
Published: April 2024

The number of cases identified with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is showing a rapid upward trend. while ASD may accompany sufferers for a lifetime, it does not mean that they cannot live a normal life, let alone that they have lost the possibility of holistic development. A social organization named Golden Wings that, based on the idea of holistic development, adopts a specific approach to support the development of a group of children for a long period of time. At this point in time, these children identified with ASD have shown their wonderful lives. This is a 13-year exploration, and it is still ongoing. By tracing and exploring their growth histories, the study aims to identify key elements supporting their realization of personal traits and attempt to establish a theoretical path for supporting systems needed for the development of autistic children. This study has randomly selected 10 members and their parents from the painting classes at Golden Wings, a rehabilitation center for disabled children
The influence of online shopping on university students’ lifestyle
Authors: Tian Jun , Zhang Yan
Published: April 2024

This study conducted a questionnaire survey on the online shopping situation of 399 college students aged 18-23, to understand their understanding of online shopping, the frequency of online shopping, and the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping compared with physical stores. Finally, we summarized the influencing factors of online shopping, and put forward educational countermeasures.
The Digital Intelligent Cultivation of Cross-border E-commerce Talents based on the Benchmark Regression Model
Authors: Wang Chenggang
Published: April 2024

With the expansion of the popularity of digital intelligent, cross-border e-commerce talent training process is affected by many factors. The influence of these factors on the training of cross-border ecommerce talents under the digital intelligent enabling system is sustainable and complex. In order to clarify the influencing process of relevant factors, we conducted research by literature review, correlation test, common method bias test and benchmark regression method. The results are as follows: (1) Students’ autonomous online learning efficiency, teachers’ classroom digital intelligent teaching ability, digital intelligent teaching scenarios, and digital intelligent teaching management level are all important factors that sustainably affect the training of cross-border e-commerce talents. (2) The positive development of these influencing factors could sustainably promote the improvement of cross-border e-commerce talent training quality. (3) The degree of sustainability impact on the quality of cross-border e-commerce talent training, in order from strong to weak, is digital intelligent teaching scenario, students’ autonomous online learning efficiency, teachers’ classroom digital intelligent teaching ability, digital intelligent teaching management level.
Analysis of the Current Situation of Employment Satisfaction of Graduates in Higher Vocational Colleges and Universities
Authors: You Minghui , Yin Jiaxin
Published: April 2024

In recent years, promoting high-quality employment for graduates of higher vocational colleges and universities has become one of the hot issues that all walks of life are highly concerned about. Employment satisfaction is one of the important indicators to measure the employment quality of graduates of higher vocational colleges and universities, and improving employment satisfaction is a necessary way to ensure the employment quality of graduates of higher vocational colleges and universities. The employment satisfaction of graduates from higher vocational colleges is related to the salary and treatment, the rate of professional matching, the perfection of school employment guidance and the employment expectation of graduates from higher vocational colleges. By analyzing the current situation of employment satisfaction of graduates of higher vocational colleges and universities, we can draw the employment problems they are facing and put forward corresponding countermeasures to improve the employment competitiveness and employment satisfaction of graduates of higher vocational colleges and universities.
Relationship between the Technical Architecture of ISPs and the Application of the Law
Authors: Duan Yiwang , Ma Zhiyuan
Published: April 2024

In the network environment, cross-border consumer contracts are mainly carried out under the operation of network service providers, and this paper analyses the connecting points of legal application from the payment architecture of network platforms and the cross-border logistics architecture itself. In terms of the payment structure, traditional connecting points only focus on surface of the trade. However, the platform server is the core of the close contact of the contract, and the location of the platform server should be determined as a new type of connection point. In terms of cross-border logistics, overseas warehouse, bonded warehouse and other new logistics modes are applied to cross-border e-commerce, and the location of the logistics link should be determined according to the conclusion of the consumer contract to determine the possible connection point of the application of the law.
Research on Sino-Ukrainian Scientific and Technological Cooperation
Authors: Yu Junfeng , Lu Huiping
Published: April 2024

As national strategies continue to advance international scientific cooperation, the collaboration between China and Ukraine has been steadily maturing. To clarify the present status of Sino-Ukrainian collaboration and offer insights for its future development, this paper focuses on co-authored publications between China and Ukraine documented on Web of Science from 1993 to 2022. Employing methodologies such as bibliometrics, social network analysis, and visualization techniques, this study comprehensively explores various perspectives including publication trends, collaborative interdisciplinary fields, participating institutions. Through this multi-faceted approach, the current state of scientific cooperation between the two countries is summarized, culminating in proposed strategies and recommendations for the future development of Sino-Ukrainian scientific and technological collaboration.
Research on the Path of Upgrading of Digital Economy Enabling Manufacturing Industry in Jiangsu Province
Authors: Su Jinglei , Bao Lin , Chen Ming
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the digital economy has become an important driving force to promote the sound and fast growth of Chinese economy. The development of the digital economy and manufacturing industry in Jiangsu Province is facing new situations and new tasks. Manufacturing industry is the main battlefield of the digital economy, and the direction of upgrading the manufacturing industry enabled by the digital economy is becoming increasingly clear. Through the low-end transformation of the manufacturing industry, the reshaping of the demand side and the formation of high-end manufacturing, the digital economy can solve the key issues in the upgrading of the manufacturing industry in Jiangsu Province and promote the upgrading of the industrial economy. We will accelerate the pace of global industrialization.
Research on Film Marketing in the New Media
Authors: Lyu Kunhang
Published: April 2024

New media, as an important information revolution in Internet technology, has promoted the innovative development of traditional marketing models and marketing concepts. As film marketing navigates this transition from traditional methodologies to those informed by new media dynamics，it concurrently experiences accelerated trajectories and intricate challenges. This research aims to elucidate the nuanced transformation of film marketing strategies within the new media landscape, employing the case study methodology for an in-depth exploration.
Kommentar zu: Frühe enterale Ernährung bei Intensivpatienten mit ECMO
empfohlen
Authors: Stoppe Christian
Published: April 2024

In den vergangenen Jahren wurde eine neue Ära der mechanischen Kreislaufunterstützung
eingeläutet und nicht zuletzt hat die Pandemie der Coronavirus-Krankheit 2019
(COVID-19) zu einem weiteren stetigen Anstieg des Einsatzes der entsprechenden
Unterstützungssysteme geführt. Die mechanische Unterstützung umfasst die venovenöse
(VV) extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung (ECMO) beim akuten Lungenversagen, sowie die
venoarterielle (VA) Unterstützung, oder Einsatz alternativer ventrikuläre
Unterstützungssysteme (wie z. b. perkutaner Unterstützungssysteme) beim akuten oder
chronischen Kreislaufversagen zur Wiederherstellung der systemischen Perfusion,
Verringerung der myokardialen Ischämie oder zur Überbrückung bis zur Genesung oder
Transplantation 1.
Bakterielle Fehlbesiedlung des Dünndarms
Authors: Sellge Gernot
Published: April 2024

SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth) ist durch eine bakterielle
Überwucherung oder Fehlbesiedlung des Dünndarms in Kombination mit intestinalen
Symptomen definiert. Intestinale Stase, Hypochlorhydrie, Immundefizienz, Alter
u.a. sind auslösende Faktoren. Die Therapie beinhaltet die Behandlung der
auslösenden Grunderkrankung, den Ausgleich einer Mangelernährung, den Einsatz
von Antibiotika und Probiotika sowie diätetische Maßnahmen.
Für ein besseres Verständnis anhaltender Wahrnehmungsstörungen nach
der Einnahme klassischer Psychedelika
Authors: Borgwardt Stefan , Majić Tomislav , Avram Mihai , Herwig Uwe
Published: April 2024

Klassische Psychedelika wie Psilocybin, Lysergsäurediethylamid (LSD), Ayahuasca oder
5-Methoxy-Dimethyltryptamin (5-MeO-DMT) stehen wieder vermehrt im Fokus des
psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutischen und neurowissenschaftlichen Interesses. Dies ist
vor allem auf aktuelle klinische Studien zurückzuführen, die einen möglichen
therapeutischen Nutzen von Psychedelika in der Behandlung verschiedener psychischer
Störungen nahelegen, wie bei therapieresistenten Depressionen,
Abhängigkeitserkrankungen, Angststörungen und existentiellen Ängsten bei
lebensbedrohlichen körperlichen Erkrankungen 1
2
3
4. Trotz der beobachteten
vielversprechenden Effekte ist es wichtig zu betonen, dass Psychedelika auch
potenzielle Risiken bergen, die sie von vielen anderen psychoaktiven Substanzen
unterscheiden. Diese liegen in der besonderen Phänomenologie der Wirkungen dieser
Substanzen auf das zentrale Nervensystem und die menschliche Psyche begründet, in
der zeitlichen Dynamik ihrer psychologischen Effekte, und in ihrem biologischen
Wirkprofil.
The Effectiveness of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Upper
Extremity Muscle Strength: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yazgan Elif Aleyna , Atli Ecenur , Razak Ozdincler Arzu
Published: April 2024

Objective This systematic review aims to investigate the effect of blood
flow restriction training (BFRT) on upper extremity muscle strength in
pathological conditions of the upper extremity musculoskeletal system or in
healthy individuals.

Materials and Methods This study was conducted in accordance with the
PRISMA guideline statement. The randomized controlled studies which published
from January 2000 to May 2022 were searched in the PubMed, Web of Science,
MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. Inclusion criteria were healthy
clinical population or musculoskeletal pathology related to the upper extremity,
participants aged 18 and above, application of blood flow restriction to the
arm, a randomized controlled study design, and publication in English.
Additionally, the presentation of upper extremity muscle strength as an outcome
measurement was required. The quality of the studies was evaluated using The
Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Articles that were
non-randomized, inaccessible in full text, and scored 4 or below on the PEDro
scale were excluded.

Results Five studies were included with 219 participants. The included
studies had PEDro scores ranging from 5 to 8, with an average score of 6.4. This
review demonstrated a positive or neutral effect of BFRT on grip strength and
shoulder strength.

Conclusion Although some studies have reported positive effects of BFRT on
upper extremity muscle strength, there is no conclusive evidence regarding the
protocol to be used for increasing upper extremity muscle strength.
Electrochemical Oxidative Cross-Coupling for the Construction of C(sp3)–C(sp3) Bonds
Authors: Chang Xi-Hao , Guo Chang , Wen Kang-Min
Published: April 2024

A highly effective oxidation cross-coupling method involving para-cresol derivatives and malononitrile derivatives has been developed utilizing undivided electrolytic conditions. This electrochemical approach offers a robust route for synthesizing diverse malononitrile derivatives featuring quaternary carbon centers and incorporating para-phenol groups. Notably, the direct electrooxidation of the C(sp3)–H bond in the para-cresol derivative plays a crucial role in this process under electrolytic conditions. Various para-cresol derivatives and malononitrile derivatives with different substituents are readily compatible with this electrochemical transformation, affording coupling compounds in up to 99% yield.
Vibrational ADAPT-VQE: Critical points lead to problematic convergence
Authors: Majland Marco , Ettenhuber Patrick , Zinner Nikolaj Thomas , Christiansen Ove
Published: April 2024

Quantum chemistry is one of the most promising applications for which quantum computing is expected to have a significant impact. Despite considerable research in the field of electronic structure, calculating the vibrational properties of molecules on quantum computers remains a relatively unexplored field. In this work, we develop a vibrational Adaptive Derivative-Assembled Pseudo-Trotter Variational Quantum Eigensolver (vADAPT-VQE) formalism based on an infinite product representation (IPR) of anti-Hermitian excitation operators of the Full Vibrational Configuration Interaction (FVCI) wavefunction, which allows for preparing eigenstates of vibrational Hamiltonians on quantum computers. In order to establish the vADAPT-VQE algorithm using the IPR, we study the exactness of disentangled Unitary Vibrational Coupled Cluster (dUVCC) theory and show that dUVCC can formally represent the FVCI wavefunction in an infinite expansion. To investigate the performance of the vADAPT-VQE algorithm, we numerically study whether the vADAPT-VQE algorithm generates a sequence of operators that may represent the FVCI wavefunction. Our numerical results indicate frequent appearance of critical points in the wavefunction preparation using vADAPT-VQE. These results imply that one may encounter diminishing usefulness when preparing vibrational wavefunctions on quantum computers using vADAPT-VQE and that additional studies are required to find methods that can circumvent this behavior.
Timescale of fast thermal quench based on general thermal diffusion induced by stochastic magnetic fields
Authors: Xiao Shengyang , Wang Lu
Published: April 2024

The timescale of fast thermal quench (TQ) based on the stochastic magnetic fields induced thermal diffusion has been investigated. First, a general expression of electron thermal diffusivity induced by the stochastic magnetic fields is obtained via connecting the electron thermal diffusivities in multiple collisional regimes, which can be applicable to a wide range of collisional parameters. The dependence of this general diffusivity on the electron temperature, density, and the plasmas size is discussed. Then, under different tokamak parameters, the evolution of the electron temperature profile and the characteristic timescale of fast TQ are analyzed based on the general electron thermal diffusivity. It is found that the core electron temperature can rapidly collapse in less than 1 ms in the initial stage of TQ. The fast TQ timescale defined as the time interval for the core electron temperature dropping from 90% to 20% of the initial value is reduced (enhanced) by increasing the initial electron temperature (plasma size), which is qualitatively consistent with the experimental observations. However, the decay rate of electron temperature gets slower due to flattening of the electron temperature profile, and the scaling of fast TQ timescale with plasma size does not exactly follow the linear relation. This indicates that other fast transport mechanisms, such as heat convection, nonlocal transport, and so on may be necessary to maintain the fast decay rate of electron temperature.
Cation doping and oxygen vacancies in the orthorhombic FeNbO4 material for solid oxide fuel cell applications: A density functional theory study
Authors: Wang Xingyu , Santos-Carballal David , de Leeuw Nora H.
Published: April 2024

The orthorhombic phase of FeNbO4, a promising anode material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), exhibits good catalytic activity toward hydrogen oxidation. However, the low electronic conductivity of the material specifically in the pure structure without defects or dopants limits its practical applications as an SOFC anode. In this study, we have employed density functional theory (DFT + U) calculations to explore the bulk and electronic properties of two types of doped structures, Fe0.9375A0.0625NbO4 and FeNb0.9375B0.0625O4 (A, B = Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni) and the oxygen-deficient structures Fe0.9375A0.0625NbO3.9375 and FeNb0.9375B0.0625O3.9375, where the dopant is positioned in the first nearest neighbor site to the oxygen vacancy. Our DFT simulations have revealed that doping in the Fe sites is energetically favorable compared to doping in the Nb site, resulting in significant volume expansion. The doping process generally requires less energy when the O-vacancy is surrounded by one Fe and two Nb ions. The simulated projected density of states of the oxygen-deficient structures indicates that doping in the Fe site, particularly with Ti and V, considerably narrows the bandgap to ∼0.5 eV, whereas doping with Co at the Nb sites generates acceptor levels close to 0 eV. Both doping schemes, therefore, enhance electron conduction during SOFC operation.
Multi-harmonic phononic frequency comb generation in capacitive CMOS-MEMS resonators
Authors: Bhosale Kalyani S. , Li Sheng-Shian
Published: April 2024

Phononic frequency combs (PFCs) have emerged as a pivotal technology in precision measurements and advanced signal processing, harnessing the power of discrete, evenly spaced frequency lines. Their expansion into the realm of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) presents potential opportunities for enhanced control in various applications, from telecommunications to quantum computing. This work presents an experimental study on the generation of PFCs at the fundamental frequency and its higher harmonics in a complementary metal oxide semiconductor based electrostatic MEMS resonator measured under an open-loop configuration. The phenomenon is attributed to nonlinear mode coupling and 1:2 internal resonance between two eigenmodes and their harmonics when the resonator operates in nonlinear resonance. The experimental approach employs a combination of optical and electrical characterization techniques. This study, primarily experimental in nature, provides crucial insights into the behavior of PFCs in MEMS resonators, suggesting possible multi-harmonic internal resonance as the underlying mechanism. These findings contribute significantly to the field of MEMS research, offering potential applications in high-precision frequency control for telecommunications, sensor technology, and quantum computing.
Aerodynamics and power requirements of climbing flight in fruit fly model
Authors: Liu Yanpeng , Sun Mao
Published: April 2024

This study presents a novel numerical investigation, concentrating on the force generation and power consumption associated with climbing flight in fruit flies (Drosophila virilis) across varied climbing angles and advance ratios. The selection of fruit flies as the focal species stems from the availability of comprehensive data on their hovering, ascending, and forward flight. The idealized wing motion employed in the study is completely defined by previously established kinematic parameters, utilizing reasonable assumptions. To address heightened force requirements and counteract negative effects induced by the “downwash flow” inherent in climbing flight, insects must adjust their flapping wing motion. Two potential strategies, involving the augmentation of stroke amplitude and/or elevation of the angle of attack, as observed in experimental studies, were considered. Corresponding simulation cases were subsequently solved using a three-dimensional incompressible Navier–Stokes solver. The study identifies key flow structures and the predominant high lift mechanism, specifically the “delayed stall” of the leading-edge vortex. Analysis of power consumption reveals that insects can only attain a specific range of flight speeds under particular climbing angles, with the maximum speed exhibiting a negative correlation with the climbing angle. Furthermore, power consumption exhibits a gradual increase in the slow speed region, irrespective of the climbing angle. Subsequently, power requirements experience a notable surge upon reaching a climbing-angle-dependent speed threshold. Therefore, the maximum achievable advance ratios are approximately 0.66, 0.49, 0.40, and 0.31 for climbing angles of 0.0°, 22.5°, 45.0°, and 90.0°, respectively.
A zero-net-mass-flux wake stabilization method for blunt bodies via global linear instability
Authors: Zhu Qingchi , Zhou Lei , Zhang Hongfu , Tse Kam Tim , Tang Hui , Noack Bernd R.
Published: April 2024

A rectangular cylinder, with an aspect ratio of 5, is a widely used bluff body in engineering practice. It undergoes intricate dynamical behavior in response to minute alterations in the flow angle of attack (α). These modifications invariably precipitate the failure of wake control for classical flow control methods with various α values. In this study, global linear instability, adjoint method, and sensitivity analysis are employed to identify the optimal position for flow control. It is found that the sensitive region gradually transitions from the leeward side to the downwind side of the model as α and Reynolds number (Re) increase. So, we set up airflow orifices for flow control in both positions. Jet flow control on the leeward side effectively inhibits vortex shedding (α ≤ 2°). High-order dynamic mode decomposition is employed to reveal the inherent mechanism of control. Suction control on the downside effectively mitigates the shear layer separation phenomenon induced by the altered spatial structure associated with higher α. A novel zero-net-mass-flux wake control, bionics-based breathe-valve control (BVC), is proposed to optimize the control effect. BVC is applicable for various α and Re, with optimal effectiveness achievable through jet velocity adjustments. The prediction-control approach in this investigation provides a targeted method to mitigate flow-induced vibration.
Effect of oxygen-ion implantation on the local electronic structures of strontium-titanate single crystals: An investigation using synchrotron-based x-ray diffraction and x-ray photoemission techniques
Authors: Kumar A. , Baral M. , Kandasami A. , Mandal S. K. , Urkude R. , Bhunia S. , Singh V. R.
Published: April 2024

The present study focuses on the oxygen (O)-ion implantation-induced structural and electronic modifications in the single crystals of strontium-titanate (s-STO) using synchrotron-based x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), and resonant x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The crystallinity of the epitaxially aligned phases of s-STO is confirmed through XRD. This direct evidence of heavy ion implantation is supported by the Monte Carlo-based simulation of stopping and range of ions in matter/transport of ions in matter. XPS at different core levels is performed to detect the exact oxidation state of Ti ions in s-STO. The dominance of Ti3+ over Ti4+ upon oxygen implantation suggests the disorder in the perovskite material, primarily in the form of oxygen vacancies (VO). The confirmation of VO is explicitly shown by the enhancement in the spectral area of the assigned peak in the O 1s XPS. Resonant photoemission spectroscopy measurements were performed by varying photon energy from 32 to 46 eV to understand the nature of the valence band electronic structure of s-STO. The resonance in the different hybridized states of s-STO is confirmed by the spectral features of constant initial state plots. There is a correlation between the defective state of Ti and the oxygen-deficient state. The transformation from SrTiO3 to SrTiO2.5, partially or completely, is essentially required to underline any modification in the electronic properties of s-STO. s-STO is in a mixed state of an ionic conductor and an electronic conductor. This study outlines the creation of VO due to O-ion implantation and investigates the changes in the electronic structures of s-STO.