bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors associated with progression to severe pneumonia among adults with non-severe Legionella pneumonia
Authors: Huh Jin-Young , Choi Sang-Ho , Jo Kyung-Wook , Huh Jin Won , Hong Sang-Bum , Shim Tae Sun , Lim Chae-Man , Koh Younsuck
Published: October 2022

Background: Legionella species are important causative organisms of severe pneumonia. However, data are limited on predictors of progression to severe Legionella pneumonia (LP). Therefore, the risk factors for LP progression from non-severe to the severe form were investigated in the present study.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that included adult LP patients admitted to a 2,700-bed referral center between January 2005 and December 2019. Results: A total of 155 patients were identified during the study period; 58 patients (37.4%) initially presented with severe pneumonia and 97 (62.6%) patients with non-severe pneumonia. Among the 97 patients, 28 (28.9%) developed severe pneumonia during hospitalization and 69 patients (71.1%) recovered without progression to severe pneumonia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed platelet count ≤150,000/mm3 (odds ratio [OR], 2.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–8.11; P=0.034) and delayed antibiotic treatment >1 day (OR, 3.09; 95% CI, 1.17–8.73; P=0.026) were significant independent factors associated with progression to severe pneumonia. Conclusions: A low platelet count and delayed antibiotic treatment were significantly associated with the progression of non-severe LP to severe LP.
Making an Interactive Web Application with R and Shiny
Authors: Ryan Yann
Published: October 2022

This lesson demonstrates how to build an interactive webmap using R and the Shiny library. In the lesson, you will design and implement a simple application, consisting of a slider which allows a user to select a date range, and display a set of corresponding points, on an interactive map.
The Fractional Fokker-Planck Equation Analysis with the Caputo-Fabrizio Operator
Authors:   Scientific Research Center, Thi-Qar University, Thi-Qar, Iraq, Hussein Mohammed A. , Eaued Hossein Ali ,   Scientific Research Center, Thi-Qar University, Thi-Qar, Iraq, Jaafer Ahmed Baqer ,   Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq.
Published: October 2022

This study used the Daftardar-Jafari approach to find the approximate and analytical solution for the Fokker-Planck (F-P) equation with the operator Caputo-Fabrizio (DJM). The accuracy, efficiency, and simplicity of the current technique are excellent.
Factors Causing Infertility in Women Diagnosed with Endometriosis
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México., Rosales Andres Alejandro Lepe
Published: October 2022

Endometriosis is a pathology that commonly prevails in more than 50% of women as a cause of dysmenorrhea and infertility and we can define it as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside of it, that is, ectopic endometrial tissue that is mostly located in the ovaries, Douglas pouch, uterosacral ligaments and other anatomical sites. Infertility associated with endometriosis is a multifactorial disease and there is no certainty about the mechanisms by which it is developed, however there are several theories that could provide an explanation. Oxidative stress is one of the factors that contribute to infertility where a chain of events is created that culminates in the alteration of the number of oocyte recovery and the number of mature oocytes. Dysregulation of aromatase P450 production in steroidogenesis causes a decrease in estrogen production altering follicular and oocyte development. There are also interleukins associated with infertility of which TNF-α, interleukin-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and others stand out. On the other hand, there are several biological explanations that are related to the causal link between endometriosis and infertility, some of them include factors of the pelvic cavity, ovarian and genetic factors.
A crise da democracia liberal e a difícil saída pela esquerda: uma análise a partir da luta com o MTST-SP
Authors: Scerb Philippe
Published: October 2022

Em diferentes países, lideranças reacionárias têm aparecido como única alternativa possível à crise da democracia liberal. Este trabalho pretende contribuir para a compreensão dos limites de uma estratégia de transformação radicalmente democrática que conte com a adesão dos trabalhadores mais pobres na periferia do capitalismo, o que é feito por meio de uma pesquisa de inspiração etnográfica junto ao MTST-SP, um movimento eficaz na mobilização popular pela luta por direitos sociais. No entanto, a pesquisa descrita a seguir revela como ao mesmo tempo em que desestabiliza a ordem ao organizar trabalhadores atomizados, é na acomodação com o sistema político e econômico que o MTST pode avançar. A interpretação dessa relação ambígua com a ordem ajuda a entender os constrangimentos de uma ação política fundada na participação ativa de camadas populares hostis ao conflito com instituições e valores estabelecidos.
As ruas ainda em chamas: cinema e a luta pelo direito à cidade em São Paulo
Authors: Manoel Neto Armando
Published: October 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar quatro curtas-metragens produzidos na cidade de São Paulo em meados da década de 2010. A partir deles, se segue uma discussão sobre as relações entre os processos de significação de experiências pessoais dos criadores e o momento sócio-histórico que envolvia as produções em sua criação. A metodologia utilizada foi a de análise fílmica (ADAMATTI, 2020), operando em sinergia com sociologia do cinema proposta por Pierre Sorlin (1985). Trata-se de um trabalho que revela os documentários e os filmes ficcionais em seus formatos discursivos, ou seja, como representações artísticas que traduzem preocupações sensíveis á temática urbana e os ecos dos eventos políticos de 2013 na cidade. Seguimos assim no intuito de compreender o engajamento e a criação dos jovens realizadores em temas do pensamento político e social e como isso se manifesta no cinema autoral contemporâneo.
Revealing Anti-diabetic potential of Siddha formulation Gandhaka Sarkkarai using alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay
Authors: S Iyswarya , S Visweswaran , N J Muthukumar , S Tamilselvi , S Mathukumar
Published: October 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder which involves multiple pathology manifested with increased blood glucose, neural degeneration, chronic inflammation, organ dysfunction etc. Hyperactive metabolic enzymes like alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase that are involved in digestion of starch and sucrose further upswings the postprandial hyperglycaemia by rushing excess glucose moieties into the bloodstream. Drugs that effectively inhibit the action of these digestive enzymes may be expected to better regulate the post prandial blood glucose in the diabetic patients. Conventional anti-diabetic agents offer potential side effects upon long-term usage which includes vomiting, diarrhoea, pigmentation, GI disturbance, dark urination etc.The Siddha system of medicine has excelled in the art of treating human ailments for several centuries. Aim: Present investigation designed to investigate the anti-diabetic potential of siddha formulation Gandhaka sarkkarai (GS) using in-vitro alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay model. Results: It was evidenced from the outcome of the in-vitro data’s that the siddha formulation GS shown significant inhibition against alpha glucosidase enzyme with the maximum inhibition of about 50.44 % and the corresponding IC50 is 471.1 μg/ml, similar pattern of activity were observed against alpha amylase enzyme with the inhibition of 60.84 % (IC50 400.9 μg/ml). Conclusion: Our data concludes that siddha formulation GS possess significant anti-diabetic activity via inhibiting two major carbohydrate-digesting enzymes, further studies needs to extrapolated at pre-clinical level in order to ascertain the efficacy of the formulation.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Alpha amylase, Alpha glucosidase, Siddha, Gandhaka sarkkarai, Enzyme inhibition assay, In-vitro, Anti-diabetic activity.
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Emulgel Loaded with Extract of Cedrus deodara for its In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Authors: Muragi Amar , Samant Sheetal , MB Patil
Published: October 2022

Ayurveda is the base of Indian Systems of Medicine. The researchers are greatly interested in discovering the potential of natural bioactive components. Remedial effects are produced by different plant extracts. Cedrus deodara is found in North India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tibet and Nepal. It contains deodarin, cedodarin, taxifolin, myrcene, iso-pimpillin, α-pinene, β-pinene, cedrin, deodarone, sesquiterpene, cedrinoside, dihydromyricetin, matairesinol, atlantone. It is used in treatment of inflammation, ulcer, pain, hyperglycemia, infection, insomnia, skin disorder, blood disorder, apoptosis, fever. Recently in-vivo and in-vitro studies have indicated its anti-inflammatory and analgesic property. The objectives of proposed research work are to formulate and evaluate the herbal emulgel loaded with extract ofCedrus deodara and evaluate for its In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Cedrus deodara  heartwood was extracted using hydro-alcoholic solvent. Phytochemical evaluation of extract was done. Six batches of herbal emulgel were formulated. The prepared herbal emulgel was evaluated for pH, spreadability, viscosity, consistency, appearance, color, washability and appearance. In-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of extract and formulation were done using HRBC Membrane stabilization assay and protein denaturation assay. The proposed research work concludes that the newly formulated herbal emulgel loaded with extract of Cedrus deodara can be used in future for anti-inflammatory effect.
Contamination and Human Health Risk Assessment of Toxic Trace Elements in Drinking Water of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Syed Jarar , Ali Shaukat , Hussain Javid , Ali Salar , Hussain Jamal , Hussain Manzoor , Hussain Ittehad
Published: October 2022

This study investigated the contamination level and risk associated with toxic trace elements in springs’ water from Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. Toxic trace elements, including Hg, As, and Zn, were analyzed by metalyzer, HM 2000 serial no. MY-011-006, while elements such as Cr, Al, B, Ni, Cu, Mn, and Fe were analyzed using Metalometer HM 2000 serial no. MM005-007, the United Kingdom. The mean concentrations of TTEs in water samples from Skardu were ordered as, Mn < Cu < Fe < Zn < Al < Cr < As < Ni < Hg, in Gilgit, Mn < Cu < Zn < Ni < B < Cr < Fe < As < Hg, in Ghizer Cu < Mn < Zn < Ni < Cr < Fe < As < Hg, while in Nagar the concentration of TTEs in water samples were ordered as Cu < Mn < Fe < Ni < Al < Cr < Zn < As < Hg. Results obtained from this study showed that the concentrations of As, Hg, Ni, Cr, Al, and Mn in some water samples were higher than the limits recommended by WHO and Pak-NDWQS. However, the chronic daily intake indices (CDIs) and health risk index (HRI) in all samples were found below the US-EPA standards. The correlation analysis revealed a positive association among different elements, which revealed that the sources of TTES in water samples were mainly geological strata and anthropogenic activities.
What is the relationship between monitoring and performance of Church of Uganda Projects in Namirembe Diocese?
Authors: Katimbo Duncan , Okoche John Micheal Maxel
Published: October 2022

Purpose: It was prudent that the Church of Uganda strategic plan 2025 was incorporated with a monitoring strategy intended to progressively track program performance and analyze activity implementation and foresee any difficulties so as to take timely corrective action.  This paper examined the relationship between monitoring and performance of Church of Uganda Projects in Namirembe Diocese.

Methodology: A Cross sectional survey design was used on a study population of 117 respondents. 87 respondents filled the Survey questionnaires whose responses were analysed by using correlational and regression analysis by using PSPP software Version 1.2.0-g0fb4db. Key Informant interviews and an FGD were carried out and responses were analysed using content analysis and results presented as text.

Findings: Descriptive findings highlighted that monitoring to some extent improves project performance (mean 3.12), This was further supported by the qualitative findings. Furthermore, inferential statistics confirmed that Monitoring had a significant positive relationship with Project performance (β=0.25, p= 0.014<0.05).

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: In conclusion, this paper established that monitoring influences project performance. The weaknesses included; Diversion of funds from the intended projects, No assigned personels to directly monitor projects, Lack of monitoring skills and knowledge, Lack of transparency in the reports, inadequate salaries of the monitoring staff, conflict of interest in the businesses that are run on Church land. Therefore, to improve upon the performance of Church of Uganda projects, it is important to strengthen the monitoring mechanisms; financial monitoring, process monitoring and outcome monitoring. The non-existent monitoring framework will be developed with informed decisions from the study.
Effect of Electronic Banking on Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Sirengo Moses Juma , Muturi Willy
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The study sought to establish the effects of electronic banking on the performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. The study specifically sought to establish the effects of mobile banking, Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT), Point of Sale Banking, and Automated Teller Machines (ATM) banking on the performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya.  The study was anchored on the Technology Acceptance Model, Diffusion of Innovation Theory, and Perceived Characteristics Theory.

Methodology: A descriptive research design in the form of a longitudinal was adopted in the study. The study targeted licensed Commercial Banks in Kenya. Secondary data was used in the study. The data was gathered from commercial banks' audited financial reports published by the Central Bank of Kenya between 2015 and 2019. The study employed both inferential and descriptive statistics in analysing the collected data. Both Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) software and MS Excel were adopted to generate the statistics.

Findings: The study found a relatively strong relationship between independent variable and dependent variable.  The combination of independent variables had a fairly predictive potential for financial performance. A proportional increase in the EFT values would significantly increase the return on equity (ROE). It implies that bank performance is positively affected by an increase in EFT banking at a significant level. Similarly, the findings indicated a significant increase in the total value transacted on PoS Machines as a proportion of Total Transaction Value, would increase the return on equity. This shows that bank profitability would increase with increased PoS banking. On the contrary, a percentage rise in the total value transacted via ATM as a proportion of total transactions by value would decrease the return on equity. Similar results were observed with regard to mobile banking’s influence on bank’s ROE.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Thus, the study concluded that banks could reduce poor performance by having fewer amounts transacted via mobile banking agents and ATMs. On the other hand, banks can improve performance by encouraging increased values transacted via EFT and on POS Machines.
Toward a granular molecular-anatomic map of the blood vasculature – single-cell RNA sequencing makes the leap
Authors: Betsholtz Christer
Published: October 2022

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) marks the birth of a new era in physiology and medicine. Within foreseeable future, we will know exactly what genes are expressed – and at what levels – in all the different cell types and subtypes that make up our bodies. We will also learn how a particular cell state, whether it occurs during development, tissue repair, or disease, reflects precise changes in gene expression. While profoundly impacting all areas of life science, scRNAseq may lead to a particular leap in vascular biology research. Blood vessels pervade and fulfill essential functions in all organs, but the functions differ. Innumerable organ-specific vascular adaptations and specializations are required. These, in turn, are dictated by differential gene expression by the two principal cellular building blocks of blood vessels: endothelial cells and mural cells. An organotypic vasculature is essential for functions as diverse as thinking, gas exchange, urine excretion, and xenobiotic detoxification in the brain, lung, kidney, and liver, respectively. In addition to the organotypicity, vascular cells also differ along the vascular arterio-venous axis, referred to as zonation, differences that are essential for the regulation of blood pressure and flow. Moreover, gene expression-based molecular changes dictate states of cellular activity, necessary for angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and immune cell trafficking, i.e. functions necessary for development, inflammation, and repair. These different levels of cellular heterogeneity create a nearly infinite phenotypic diversity among vascular cells. In this review, I summarize and exemplify what scRNAseq has brought to the picture in just a few years and point out where it will take us.
Fire and home: A part of a happy life
Authors: Bagina Elena
Published: October 2022

One of the former meanings of the Russian word “schastie” (“happiness”) was a portion, a share or a part, and it used to be pronounced as “so-chastie”. To be happy, it is not enough to have a warm house with candles lit on holidays or flames flickering in the fireplace. But such a house is a part of human existence, which constitutes brief moments of bliss. Fire has inhabited the human dwelling since time immemorial, but it has a dual nature. It can be good and evil. It illuminates, blesses and warms. The fire sparkling in fireworks creates an illusion of ascendency over the elements and evokes the mysteries of the cosmos. Torches, candles, lamps, cookers  and fireplaces largely determine the architecture of a house. The form and structure of the things associated with fire is a subject of study for art historians and culturologists. Tamed fire is a “so-chastie” of being.
Delayed esophageal injury after corpectomy and fusion in a patient with cervical spondylodiscitis: a case report
Authors: Choi Young Hwan , Pee Yong Hun , Jang Il-Tae
Published: October 2022

We report a delayed postoperative injury to the esophagus in a patient who underwent cervical corpectomy for spondylodiscitis. The patient was a 72-year-old man. He was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging with spondylodiscitis at C5/6/7, with an epidural abscess at C5/6/7, and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament from C2 to C7. For surgical treatment, corpectomy and interbody fusion with a mesh cage at C5/6, an anterior plate and posterior laminectomy at C3/4, posterior screw fixation at C5/6/7/T1, and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion at C3/4 were performed. After 2 weeks, blood was detected in the Levin tube drain and gastroscopy was performed. Gastroscopy confirmed that the mesh cage was exposed because of damage to the esophagus.
The influence of the addition of isoprene on the volatility of particles formed from the photo-oxidation of anthropogenic–biogenic mixtures
Authors: Voliotis Aristeidis , Du Mao , Wang Yu , Shao Yunqi , Bannan Thomas J. , Flynn Michael , Pandis Spyros N. , Percival Carl J. , Alfarra M. Rami , McFiggans Gordon
Published: October 2022

Abstract. In this study, we investigate the influence of isoprene on the volatility of
secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed during the photo-oxidation of
mixtures of anthropogenic and biogenic precursors. The SOA particle
volatility was quantified using two independent experimental techniques
(using a thermal denuder and the Filter Inlet for Gas and Aerosols iodide high-resolution time-of-flight Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer – FIGAERO-CIMS) in mixtures of α-pinene/isoprene, o-cresol/isoprene, and α-pinene/o-cresol/isoprene. Single-precursor experiments at various initial
concentrations and results from previous α-pinene/o-cresol
experiments were used as a reference. The oxidation of isoprene did not result in the formation of detectable SOA particle mass in single-precursor
experiments. However, isoprene-derived products were identified in the mixed
systems, likely due to the increase in the total absorptive mass. The
addition of isoprene resulted in mixture-dependent influence on the SOA
particle volatility. Isoprene made no major change to the volatility of
α-pinene SOA particles, though changes in the SOA particle composition were observed and the volatility was reasonably predicted based
on the additivity. Isoprene addition increased o-cresol SOA particle
volatility by ∼5/15 % of the total mass/signal,
respectively, indicating a potential to increase the overall volatility that
cannot be predicted based on the additivity. The addition of isoprene to the
α-pinene/o-cresol system (i.e. α-pinene/o-cresol/isoprene) resulted in slightly fewer volatile particles than those measured in the α-pinene/o-cresol systems. The measured volatility in the α-pinene/o-cresol/isoprene system had an ∼6 % higher low volatile organic compound (LVOC) mass/signal compared to that predicted assuming additivity with a correspondingly lower semi-volatile organic compound (SVOC) fraction. This suggests that any effects that could increase the SOA volatility from the addition of isoprene are likely
outweighed by the formation of lower-volatility compounds in more complex anthropogenic–biogenic precursor mixtures. Detailed chemical composition measurements support the measured volatility distribution changes and showed
an abundance of unique-to-the-mixture products appearing in all the mixed
systems accounting for around 30 %–40 % of the total particle-phase signal. Our results demonstrate that the SOA particle volatility and its
prediction can be affected by the interactions of the oxidized products in mixed-precursor systems, and further mechanistic understanding is required to improve their representation in chemical transport models.
The Surface Water Chemistry (SWatCh) database: a standardized global database of water chemistry to facilitate large-sample hydrological research
Authors: Rotteveel Lobke , Heubach Franz , Sterling Shannon M.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Openly accessible global-scale surface water chemistry
datasets are urgently needed to detect widespread trends and problems, to
help identify their possible solutions, and to determine critical spatial data
gaps where more monitoring is required. Existing datasets are limited with respect to
availability, sample size and/or sampling frequency, and geographic scope. These
limitations inhibit researchers from tackling emerging transboundary water chemistry
issues – for example, the detection and understanding of delayed recovery
from freshwater acidification. Here, we begin to address these limitations
by compiling the global Surface Water Chemistry (SWatCh) database, available
on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484939; Rotteveel and Heubach, 2021). We collect, clean, standardize, and
aggregate open-access data provided by six national and international
programs and research groups (United Nations Environment Programme; Hartmann
et al., 2019; Environment and Climate Change Canada; the United States of
America National Water Quality Monitoring Council; the European Environment
Agency; and the United States National Science Foundation McMurdo Dry
Valleys Long-Term Ecological Research Network) in order to compile a database
containing information on sites, methods, and samples, and a geospatial
information system (GIS) shapefile
of site locations. We remove poor-quality data (e.g., values flagged
as “suspect” or “rejected”), standardize variable naming conventions and
units, and perform other data cleaning steps required for statistical
analysis. The database contains water chemistry data for streams, rivers,
canals, ponds, lakes, and reservoirs across seven continents, 24 variables,
33 722 sites, and over 5 million samples collected between 1960 and 2022.
Similar to prior research, we identify critical spatial data gaps on the
African and Asian continents, highlighting the need for more data collection
and sharing initiatives in these areas, especially considering that freshwater
ecosystems in these environs are predicted to be among the most heavily
impacted by climate change. We identify the main challenges associated with
compiling global databases – limited data availability, dissimilar sample
collection and analysis methodology, and reporting ambiguity – and provide
recommended solutions. By addressing these challenges and consolidating data
from various sources into one standardized, openly available, high-quality,
and transboundary database, SWatCh allows users to conduct powerful and
robust statistical analyses of global surface water chemistry.
A Bayesian data assimilation framework for lake 3D hydrodynamic models with a physics-preserving particle filtering method using SPUX-MITgcm v1
Authors: Safin Artur , Bouffard Damien , Ozdemir Firat , Ramón Cintia L. , Runnalls James , Georgatos Fotis , Minaudo Camille , Šukys Jonas
Published: October 2022

Abstract. We present a Bayesian inference for a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of Lake Geneva with stochastic weather forcing and high-frequency observational datasets. This is achieved by coupling a Bayesian inference package, SPUX, with a hydrodynamics package, MITgcm, into a single framework, SPUX-MITgcm. To mitigate uncertainty in the atmospheric forcing, we use a smoothed particle Markov chain Monte Carlo method, where the intermediate model state posteriors are resampled in accordance with their respective observational likelihoods. To improve the uncertainty quantification in the particle filter, we develop a bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) neural network to estimate lake skin temperature from a history of hydrodynamic bulk temperature predictions and atmospheric data. This study analyzes the benefit and costs of such a state-of-the-art computationally expensive calibration and assimilation method for lakes.
The sensitivity of the Fitch wind farm parameterization to a three-dimensional planetary boundary layer scheme
Authors: Rybchuk Alex , Juliano Timothy W. , Lundquist Julie K. , Rosencrans David , Bodini Nicola , Optis Mike
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Wind plant wake impacts can be estimated with a number of simulation methodologies, each with its own fidelity and sensitivity to model inputs. In turbine-free mesoscale simulations, hub-height wind speeds often significantly vary with the choice of a planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme. However, the sensitivity of wind plant wakes to a PBL scheme has not been explored because, as of the Weather Research and Forecasting model v4.3.3, wake parameterizations were only compatible with one PBL scheme. We couple the Fitch wind farm parameterization with the new NCAR 3DPBL scheme and compare the resulting wakes to those simulated with a widely used PBL scheme. We simulate a wind plant in pseudo-steady states under idealized stable, neutral, and unstable conditions with matching hub-height wind speeds using two PBL schemes: MYNN and the NCAR 3DPBL. For these idealized scenarios, average hub-height wind speed losses within the plant differ between PBL schemes by between −0.20 and 0.22 m s−1, and correspondingly, capacity factors range between 39.5 %–53.8 %. These simulations suggest that PBL schemes represent a meaningful source of modeled wind resource uncertainty; therefore, we recommend incorporating PBL variability into future wind plant planning sensitivity studies as well as wind forecasting studies.
Efecto de intervenciones psicológicas sobre variables psicosociales en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal: una revisión narrativa de la literatura
Authors: Hernández-Marín Jazmín , Galindo-Vázquez Óscar , Calderillo-Ruíz Germán , Montero-Pardo Xolyanetzin , Costas-Muñiz Rosario , Ortega-Andeane Patricia
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Describir los efectos de intervenciones psicológicas sobre ansiedad, depresión, malestar emocional y/o calidad de vida (CdV) de pacientes con cáncer colorrectal. Método: Revisión narrativa de la literatura en MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL y Cochrane Library, 2011-2021. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 553 artículos, de los cuales se incluyeron doce. La mayoría fueron intervenciones breves, individuales y presenciales. La Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual fue la intervención más reportada, mostrando efectos positivos en CdV, específicamente en pacientes con estoma; la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso y la terapia centrada en soluciones también identificaron mejorías en CdV. La terapia de reminiscencia y una intervención para la autoeficacia redujeron la ansiedad y depresión. No se comprobó la efectividad del entrenamiento en relajación y de escritura; la psicoeducación mostró efectos inconsistentes. Conclusión: Existe una escasez de estudios realizados durante los últimos años,los cuales no evidencian un consenso del modelo terapéutico que produzca mejores consistentes en el bienestar psicológico.
أثر استخدام القيادة التشاركية على مستوى أداء العاملين في المدارس الابتدائية في مدينة الرياض
Authors:   دكتوراه في إدارة الأعمال، كلية إدارة الأعمال، جامعة لينكولن، ماليزيا, المطيري محمد , شمسي محمد ,   دكتوراه في إدارة الأعمال، جامعة بورغوني، ديجون، فرنسا
Published: October 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على درجة ممارسة القادة لمبدأ تفويض السلطة في المدارس الابتدائية في الرياض، والتعرف على درجة ممارسة القادة لمبدأ المشاركة في اتخاذ القرارات في المدارس الابتدائية في الرياض، والتعرف على درجة ممارسة القادة لمبدأ العلاقات الإنسانية في المدارس الابتدائية في الرياض، والتعرف على درجة مستوى أداء العاملين في المدارس الابتدائية في الرياض، والتعرف على العلاقة بين ممارسة القادة للقيادة التشاركية بأبعادها (تفويض السلطة – المشاركة في اتخاذ القرارات- العلاقات الإنسانية) وبين مستوى أداء العاملين في المدارس الابتدائية في الرياض، واتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلى، وأستخدم الباحث الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات، وشمل مجتمع الدراسة معلمي المدارس الابتدائية في مدينة الرياض، وبلغت العينة 357 معلماً، وتوصلت الدراسة لنتائج أبرزها وجود علاقة ارتباط طردية (موجبة) ذات دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (0.05) بين الدرجة الكلية لممارسة القيادة التشاركية وابعادها ومستوى أداء العاملين في المدارس الابتدائية في الرياض، حيث بلغ معامل الارتباط (0.610)، وهذا يدل على أن كلما زادت درجات ممارسة القيادة التشاركية وابعادها أدى ذلك إلى تحسن في مستوى أداء العاملين في المدارس الابتدائية في الرياض. كما أظهرت الدراسة وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05)، بين استجابات أفراد عينة الدراسة نحو درجة ممارسة القادة للقيادة التشاركية بأبعادها في المدارس الابتدائية في الرياض تُعزى لمتغير العمر والمؤهل التعليمى، كما أظهرت الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05)، بين استجابات أفراد عينة الدراسة نحو درجة ممارسة القادة للقيادة التشاركية بأبعادها في المدارس الابتدائية في الرياض تُعزى لمتغير سنوات الخبرة.
فعاليّة التدخّل المهني بالممارسة العامّة في الخدمة الاجتماعيّة في خفض قلق المستقبل لدى مرضى التصلّب اللويحّي (دراسة مطبّقة على بعض مستشفيات مدينة جدّة)
Authors:   دكتوراه الفلسفة في الخدمة الاجتماعية، جامعة القصيم، المملكة العربية السعودية, صعدي صالحه
Published: October 2022

يعتبر هذا البحث من البحوث شبه التجريبية التي تهدف إلى اختبار مدى فعالية برنامج التدخل المهني بالممارسة العامة في الخدمة الاجتماعية في خفض قلق المستقبل (الاجتماعي، النفسي، الجسمي، الاقتصادي) لدى مرضى التصلب اللويحي، حيث سعى البحث إلى اختبار صحة الفرضية الرئيسية: من المتوقع وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مستوى قلق المستقبل (الاجتماعي، النفسي، الجسمي، الاقتصادي) لدى مرضى التصلب اللويحي قبل وبعد استخدام برنامج التدخل المهني بالممارسة العامة في الخدمة الاجتماعية، وقد استخدم البحث المنهج التجريبي بالقياس القبلي والبعدي لمجموعة تجريبية واحدة شملت 16 مصابة من بعض مستشفيات مدينة جدة الحكومية والخاصة، وطُبق عليهن مقياس قلق المستقبل قبل البدء بتنفيذ برنامج التدخل المهني بالممارسة العامة، ونُفذت الجلسات الفردية والجماعية ومن ثم تم تطبيق مقياس قلق المستقبل البعدي للمقارنة بين نتائج القياسين لتحديد فعالية التدخل المهني. وأظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مستوى قلق المستقبل (الاجتماعي، النفسي، الجسمي، الاقتصادي) لدى مرضى التصلب اللويحي قبل وبعد استخدام برنامج التدخل المهني بالممارسة العامة في الخدمة الاجتماعية، حيث أكد اختبار ويلككسون وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي رتب درجات القياسين القبلي والبعدي على مقياس قلق المستقبل لصالح القياس البعدي، وأيضاً بينت نتائج اختبار كوهين d أن أثر استخدام برنامج التدخل المهني بالممارسة العامة في الخدمة الاجتماعية لخفض قلق المستقبل لدى عينة البحث هو أثر كبير، مما يؤكد فعالية التدخل المهني بالممارسة العامة في الخدمة الاجتماعية في خفض قلق المستقبل لدى مرضى التصلب اللويحي. وانتهى البحث إلى عدد من التوصيات من أهمها: إنشاء قاعدة بيانات لمرضى التصلب اللويحي على مستوى المملكة العربية السعودية، توجيه البحوث والدراسات المستقبلية نحو مرضى التصلب اللويحي لدراسة آثار المرض، المشكلات الاجتماعية والنفسية، ودور الخدمة الاجتماعية في ضوء ذلك.
Role of Human Resource Planning in Improving the Quality of Health Care Centers’ Services (An Analytical Study of Health Care Centers in the Eastern Province of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)
Authors:   DBA, Lincoln University College, Malaysia, Omer Fawzia , Arumugam Thillaisundaram ,   PhD, Lincoln University College, Malaysia
Published: October 2022

This study explores the role of human resource planning in improving the quality of health care centers’ services and the factors that affect the ability of health centers in the Eastern Province to plan human resources that ensure high quality of health services from the point of view of their employees. The study found that some of the main factors include a lack of enthusiasm for change among workers, insufficient attention to human resource planning, and a lack of periodic follow-up to improve and develop services. The study aimed to examine the impact of human resources planning on health service quality in health care centers. Researchers wanted to know if there was a correlation between the two variables and, if so, what the most important results were. The study used a quantitative research design. The data was collected through questionnaires distributed to employees of health care centers in the Eastern Province. A total of 200 questionnaires were completed and returned. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. The study found a positive correlation between human resources planning and increased investment in employee capabilities and skills development in health care centers. In light of the study findings, the researcher recommends the need to develop long-term plans for human resources, with the need for the heads of departments and departments to participate in their development and pay attention to internal and external training.
The Effect of Value-added Tax on the Retail and Wholesale Sector and Consumer Behavior in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Exploratory Case Study)
Authors:   Master of Business Administration, Lincoln University, Malaysia, Balharith Malak
Published: October 2022

Basically, this study explores the effect of value-added tax on the Retail and Wholesale sector and consumer behavior in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Imposing the value-added tax system on some goods and services is considered one of the most important issues that affected the Saudi society to classify it as a consumer society. It is expected that this added tax on sales in the market will have an impact on investment in the national economy. The researcher relied on the use of the descriptive analytical method and found that the most appropriate tool to achieve the objectives of this study is the “questionnaire”. While explaining the effects of value-added tax on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the study methodology is based on valid data and analysis. All the descriptive, analytical and statistical research studies and the survey tool show that value-added tax has an effect on the economy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is expected that value-added tax will be beneficial for Retail and Wholesale sector and change the consumer behavior when the efficiency and performance of the tax department are improved. It is recommended improving the individual income before implementing value-added tax. For implementation of value-added tax, individuals need to be aware about it through social media or public campaigns.
دور الصكوك الإسلامية في تحقيق الاستقرار المالي في السوق المالية
Authors:   ماجستير المذهب المالكي والمالية الإسلامية المعاصرة، كلية الشريعة، جامعة ابن زهر، أكادير، المملكة المغربية, بنون هشام
Published: October 2022

تتميز الصكوك الإسلامية بمجموعة من الضوابط الشرعية، والاقتصادية، والفنية والتي تجعلها منضبطة في تعاملاتها وبعيدة عن المقامرة والمضاربة، والتي تعد من الأسباب الرئيسية المؤدية إلى حدوث الأزمات المالية. وفي وجود شركات تعمل على إصدار الصكوك، ومستثمرين يقبلون التعامل فيها، وأطر وقوانين وضوابط تحكم إصدارها، فإن تأثيرها الإيجابي في السوق المالية سيكون مرجوا. وتعتبر السوق المالية من بين مكونات النظام المالي المهمة في أي بلد من البلدان، وقد تم التوصل في هذا البحث إلى بيان الدور الذي تلعبه الصكوك الإسلامية في تطوير السوق المالية باعتبارها أحد منتجات الهندسة المالية الإسلامية، وذلك من خلال بيان مساهمتها في تحسين كفاءة السوق المالية بزيادة الشركات المدرجة فيها، وكذلك زيادة رسملة السوق، بالإضافة إلى توفيرها الأمان والعدالة في السوق من خلال التزامها بالشفافية والأخلاقية والتي تستمدها من انضباطها بمبادئ الشريعة الإسلامية وضوابطها. كما تم التوصل إلى أن لها دور مهما في تدعيم الاستقرار المالي في السوق المالية، وكما أنها تؤثر بشكل إيجابي على المؤشرات العامة للسوق المالية. ورغم ما تحققه الصكوك الإسلامية من تطوير للسوق المالية إلا أنها تبقى في حاجة إلى تطويرها لتكون قادرة على تلبية متطلبات السوق المالية، ومواجهة التحديات والمخاطر التي تتعرض لها. إلا أن الباحثين والخبراء الاقتصاديين يستبشرون بالمستقبل المزدهر للصكوك الإسلامية من خلال تزايد إصداراتها وانتشارها على المستوى العالمي مما ينعكس بشكل إيجابي على زيادة ثقة المستثمرين وإقبالهم على التعامل بها.
The Effect of Governance in the Non-profit Sector (Applied on Wameedh Charity in the Eastern Province)
Authors:   PhD Researcher, College of Business Administration, Lincoln University, Malaysia, Al Damashqi Nourah
Published: October 2022

This study aims to identify the effect of governance in the non-profit sector (applied on Wameedh Charity) in the Eastern Province. The study hypothesis was if there was a direct relationship between applying governance requirements and performance effectiveness in the non-profit sector’s institutions, and if there was a direct relationship between applying governance and the enhancement of public confidence in the performance of non-profit sector institutions. The researcher relied on the social survey method and study population is represented in Wameed Charity in the Eastern Province in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Data obtained were analyzed: correlation coefficients, regression analysis and variances. There was a positive direct correlation with statistical significance at the level (0.05) between applying governance and the effectiveness of performance in the institutions of the non-profit sector. The level of application of governance requirements has the greatest impact on predicting the level of performance effectiveness in the non-profit sector institutions.
مبادئ مكافحة غسيل الأموال وتأثيرها في أبعاد السمعة المصرفية (حالة عملية مصارف كربلاء)
Authors:   أستاذ مساعد، كلية العلوم الاقتصادية وإدارة الأعمال، الجامعة اللبنانية، لبنان, محمد عرب غياض رشا , اليساري عمار ,   ماجستير في العلوم المالية والمصرفية، كلية الإدارة والاقتصاد، الجامعة الحديثة للإدارة والعلوم، لبنان
Published: October 2022

يعالج هذا البحث طبيعة العلاقة بين السمعة المصرفية والجهود التي تبذل في إطار مواجهة ظاهرة غسيل الأموال تكمن أهمية هذا البحث في تحديد دقيق لماهية ظاهرة غسيل الاموال وكيفية مكافحتها لما لها من اهمية في مساعدة أصحاب القرار للتصدي لهذه الظاهرة للوصول إلى حلول جذرية لعلاجها لما لها من آثار سلبية على المستوى الاقتصادي والاجتماعي وللمحافظة على سمعة المصرف العامل الأساس في جذب العملاء واستمرارية المصرف. استخدم البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وجرى تصميم استبانة وفرت البيانات الرقمية التي تم تحليلها من خلال برنامج التحليل الإحصائي (Spss,25). توصلت الدراسة الى نتيجة مفادها ان المصارف موضوع الدراسة العاملة في مدينة كربلاء تهتم بتطبيق مبادئ مكافحة تبيض الاموال من خلال سعيها للتأكد من العملاء وهويتهم وإجراء عمليات رقابة داخلية مستمرة والتزامهم بنظام الرقابة الذي يسهم في مكافحة عمليات غسيل الأموال واتخاذهم للتدابير التي تضمن اختيار الموظفين المناسبين وتوفير نظام خاص للتدقيق والمراجعة الداخلية لمراقبة أداء الموظفين ومراجعة التقارير وإنشاء وحدة مستقلة لإدارة ومنع عمليات غسيل الأموال والقيام بعمليات تدريب مستمرة للموظفين على آلية التعرف على عمليات غسيل الأموال. أثبتت النتائج العلاقة بين توظيف المصرف لمبادئ مكافحة غسيل الأموال في أبعاد السمعة المصرفية، فكانت العلاقة ذات دلالة معنوية. كما توصلت الدراسة الى انه لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في إجابات أفراد عينة البحث على الاستبانة وفقاً لمتغير التخصص العلمي والمنصب الوظيفي وسنوات الخبرة. أوصت الدراسة بإجراء دراسات سنوية دورية للمصارف ونشاطها البنكي وتحليل أية معطيات تتعلق بالشك في عمليات غسيل الأموال وتحويلها إلى الرقابة واتباع اجراءات صارمة بحق الموظفين الذي يتهاونون تجاه عمليات غسيل الأموال وتطبيق القوانين التي تتعلق بجريمة غسيل الأموال.
الصورة في العلوم الاجتماعية (من الوثيقة المتعددة إلى الكتابة البصرية)
Authors:   أستاذة مؤهلة، علم الاجتماع، كلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية، جامعة شعيب الدكالي- الجديدة، المملكة المغربية, حليم عائشة
Published: October 2022

تميز التواصل البشري منذ القدم، بتطوره وتنوع أشكاله التي تتلخص بشكل عام في الشفوي والمكتوب والمصور. إلا أنه مع الثورة الرقمية، التي بصمت العقود الأخيرة من القرن العشرين إلى اليوم، سجلت الصورة هيمنة كبيرة من خلال اختراقها لمختلف مناحي الحياة، وتصبح بذلك أكثر أشكال التواصل هندسة لعلاقاتنا الاجتماعية. تكمن أهمية دراسة الصورة في العلوم الاجتماعية، في الاشتغال على المضامين المتنوعة التي تنتجها وتقدمها، والتي تساهم من خلالها في خلق ثقافة بصرية تؤثر على كيفية مقاربتنا للظواهر الاجتماعية. من هذا المنطلق، تهدف هذه المقالة، إلى إبراز القيمة المضافة لاعتماد الصورة، بمضامينها الثابتة أو المتحركة، ككتابة وأرشيف بصريين، في إنتاج معرفة علمية تواكب تحولات الثورة الرقمية في العلوم الاجتماعية-السوسيولوجيا والأنثربولوجيا- من جهة، وأيضا مساهمتها في تطوير المعرفة العلمية وتجديد العدة التقنية المعتمدة في الدراسات الميدانية لهذه العلوم من جهة أخرى. وتتلخص الإشكالية المركزية المؤسسة للأهداف السابقة، حول معرفة: كيف تساهم الصورة- الثابتة والمتحركة كفيديو أو فيلم وثائقي- في تطوير العلوم الاجتماعية؟ وما هي أهم الإكراهات التي تواجه استعمالها من طرف الباحثين؟ تمكن المعالجة العلمية للإشكالات أعلاه، من إبراز الجوانب الإيجابية والإضافات التي يغني بها استعمال الصورة، من طرف الباحثين، الأبحاث والدراسات في مجال العلوم الاجتماعية، وأيضا من الوقوف عند طبيعة العوائق التي تطرحها- الصورة- أمامهم على المستوى القانوني والأخلاقي والتقني وسبل تجاوزها.
Community Partnerships in American Education System and how to Apply them in Saudi Education System (Analytical Study of a Northeast Ohio High School)
Authors:   Manager of Schools Development Department, General Eastern Directorate for Education, Saudi Arabia, A. Alidrees Humaid
Published: October 2022

Community partnership in education is one of the educational concepts applied by the successful educational systems in modern world. However, this concept is still absent from the full practical application in Saudi educational system. This study aimed to examine the American experience in community partnerships in education and how Saudi educational system can benefit from this experience. The researcher studied the experience of community partnerships in one of Northeast Ohio High Schools, which the researcher visited in the year 2017-2018, and specifically at Stow-Munroe Falls High School. In order to achieve study objectives, descriptive approach was used to form its body, and accordingly designed two study tools, one of which was an interview with the Northeast Ohio High School faculty members; the other tool is a questionnaire that was distributed to an objective sample of Saudi educational experts. One of the main findings of this study was explaining how Saudi educational system benefits from US High School experience in community partnerships; this aim was achieved at four levels: At the level of Saudi Ministry of Education, At the level of general directorates of education in Saudi regions, At the level of education offices, At the level of schools.
Monkeypox: Immune response, vaccination and preventive efforts
Authors: Ophinni Youdiil , Frediansyah Andri , Sirinam Salin , Megawati Dewi , Stoian Ana M. , Enitan Seyi S. , Akele Richard Y. , Sah Ranjit , Pongpirul Krit , Abdeen Ziad , Aghayeva Sevda , Ikram Aamer , Kebede Yohannes , Wollina Uwe , Subbaram Kannan , Koyanagi Ai , Al Serouri Abdulwahed , Nguendo-Yongsi H. Blaise , Edwards Jeffrey , Sallam Dina E. , Khader Yousef , Viveiros-Rosa Sandro G. , Memish Ziad A. , Amir-Behghadami Mehrdad , Vento Sandro , Rademaker Marius , Sallam Malik
Published: October 2022

Infectious threats to humans are continuously emerging. The 2022 worldwide monkeypox outbreak is the latest of these threats with the virus rapidly spreading to 106 countries by the end of September 2022. The burden of the ongoing monkeypox outbreak is manifested by 68,000 cumulative confirmed cases and 26 deaths. Although monkeypox is usually a self-limited disease, patients can suffer from extremely painful skin lesions and complications can occur with reported mortalities. The antigenic similarity between the smallpox virus (variola virus) and monkeypox virus can be utilized to prevent monkeypox using smallpox vaccines; treatment is also based on antivirals initially designed to treat smallpox. However, further studies are needed to fully decipher the immune response to monkeypox virus and the immune evasion mechanisms. In this review we provide an up-to-date discussion of the current state of knowledge regarding monkeypox virus with a special focus on innate immune response, immune evasion mechanisms and vaccination against the virus.
Microstructural organization of the mammary gland of the black mottle breed cows during the dry period
Authors: Prusakov A. V. , Barteneva Y. Yu. , Yashin A. V.
Published: October 2022

During the dry period, the udder tissues are renewed, which is necessary for subsequent lactation. According to many researchers, this period is the most favorable for the treatment and prevention of mastitis. The literature data concerning the microscopic organization of breast tissues in the dry period are sketchy and do not allow us to recreate a complete picture of its architectonics, which is necessary for understanding the physiological processes of lactation, as well as the competent organization of treatment and prevention of mastitis. Taking into account the above, we set a goal – to establish the features of the microstructural organization of the mammary gland of black-and-white cows in the dry period. For the study, udder tissue samples obtained by biopsy were used from five black-and-white cows located in the middle of the dry period. The material was fixed in a 10.0% solution of neutral formalin. Its further processing was carried out according to generally accepted methods. It was found that the mammary gland of the studied animals is an exocrine gland consisting of stroma and parenchyma. The stroma divides the organ into lobules and is represented by connective tissue. In its composition, neurovascular bundles are distinguishable, as well as milk channels, which are links of the ductal system of the gland. The lobules of the organ are filled with adipose tissue replacing glandular tissue, which is the result of post-lactation physiological involution. Also, non-functioning milk alveoli lined with a single layer of cubic lactocytes with no signs of secretory activity are detected in the lobules.