bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INCREASED URINARY 8-OXO-7,8-DIHYDRO-2′-DEOXYGUANOSINE EXCRETION IN A SAMPLE OF EGYPTIAN CHILDREN WITH BETA THALASSEMIA MAJOR: MARKER FOR LIPID PEROXIDATION-INDUCED DNA DAMAGE
Authors: Elabd Mona A , Zeid Dina Abu , Elhady Marwa A , El Wakeel Maged A , El-kassas Ghada M , Sabry Rania N , Awadallah Eman
Published: December 2017

Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate oxidative stress status in children with β-thalassemia major.Methods: Our study was conducted in children with β-thalassemia aged from 5 to 15 years. Investigate the urinary excretion of human 8-oxo-7,8- dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine, which will be analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To investigate serum levels of antioxidant enzymes include glutathione s-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT).Results: We found a significant elevation of the urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine level with p=0.001 compared to control group, a significant reduction of both GST and CAT p=0.05 and 0.03, respectively, compared to control group. There was a significant negative correlation between urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanisine and CAT level, r=−0.378, p=0.016, hemoglobin - r=−0.610, p=0.001, hematocrit (%) - r=−0.478, p=0.002, while a significant positive correlation between urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanisine and alanine aminotransferase - r=0.547, p=0.001, and serum ferritin - r=0.391, p=0.013. There was a significant negative correlation between CAT and serum ferritin - r=−0.320, p=0.44.Conclusion: We conclude that the strongly increased urinary excretion 8-oxo-7,8=dihydro-2′-deoxyguanisine indicates elevated lipid peroxidation induced DNA damage in internal organs such as the liver. These highly pro mutagenic lesions may contribute to the increased risk of thalassemia patients to develop hepatocellular carcinoma.
KNOWLEDGE AND SELFCARE PRACTICES AMONG DIABETICS
Authors: S Sheeba , Ak Sneha , Biju Veena
Published: December 2017

Objective: The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge and self-care practices among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Quantitative approach with descriptive survey design and convenience sampling technique was used. The study was conducted among 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, from the Inpatient and Outpatient Department of Amrita Institute of Medical Science, Kochi. A structured knowledge questionnaire and structured practice assessment questionnaire were used to assess the knowledge and self-care practices of the subjects.Result: Result shows that 77% subjects had good knowledge regarding diabetes and majorityof the subjects had good level of self-care practices. 63% of subjects regularly monitoring blood glucose level, 72% following proper diet, 88% of subjects taking regular medication, 84% of subjects follow proper eye care, 79% of subjects follow proper foot care, 57% of subjects maintaining ideal body weight, and only 46% of subjects doing regular exercise. There was a positive relationship (r=0.09) between level of knowledge and self-care practice of the subjects and no significant association between knowledge level and selected sociodemographic variables.Conclusion: It is important that the patient should have adequate knowledge regarding diabetes and they should follow proper self-care practices to prevent further complications.
THE COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT BETWEEN ALGINATE-BASED RAFT-FORMING LIQUID AND ALGINATE LIQUID ON GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE AND GASTRIC ULCER IN RATS
Authors: Bangun Hakim , Arianto Anayanti , Astya Ririn , Siregar Gontar A
Published: December 2017

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the effect between alginate (Alg)-based raft-forming and Alg liquid on healing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastric ulcer in rats.Methods: Each of the 18 fasted rats was given 1 ml acidified pepsin. Then, rats were divided into three groups. Each group consisted of six rats. Group 1 (negative control) was orally given 1 ml distilled water, Group 2 was given 1 ml Alg-based raft-forming liquid, and Group 3 was given 1 ml Alg liquid. Then, the abdomen of rats was incised under anesthesia with ketamine, and then both their pylorus and the forestomach were ligated to form gastric reflux. After 4 hrs, all rats were killed with chloroform and their esophagus and stomach were examined macroscopically and microscopically (histopathology).Results: On macroscopic observation, all of the Group 1 rats (negative control) showed esophageal lesions and gastric lesions. Four rats of Group 2 (given Alg-based raft-forming) showed no esophageal lesion and two more rats showed a slight lesion, but all of the tested rats showed gastric lesions. All of the rats of the Group 3 (given Alg liquid) showed esophageal lesions, but no gastric lesion on four rats and slight lesion on two rats. Microscopic observations showed that all of the Group 1 rats (negative control) showed esophageal erosion and gastric mucosa lesions. Rats of the Group 2 (given Alg-based raft-forming) showed almost no esophageal erosion, but all of them showed erosion of gastric mucosa. Rats of the Group 3 (given Alg liquid) showed esophageal erosion in all tested rats, but almost no gastric mucosa lesion.Conclusion: Alg-base raft-forming liquid is more effective in healing of GERD than Alg liquid. However, Alg-liquid is more effective in healing of gastric ulcer than Alg-based raft-forming liquid.
COMBINATION OF SAMBILOTO (ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA (BURM.F.) NEES) EXTRACT AND SPIRULINA (ARTHROSPIRA PLATENSIS GOMONT) TO PREVENT ANEMIA IN MICE INFECTED WITH PLASMODIUM BERGHEI ANKA
Authors: Kusmardi Kusmardi , Elya Berna , Wahyuni Tri , Paramita Rafika Indah
Published: December 2017

Objective: Anemia in acute malaria occurs because there is massive lysis of erythrocytes as a result of an increase in parasitemia or use of drugs that may induce hemolysis. In this research, it was tested the effect of administration of a combination of sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) extract and spirulina (Arthrospira platensis Gomont). This combination is aimed to obtain antiparasite activity of sambiloto and increasing of hemoglobin (Hb) from spirulina.Methods: This research was conducted with a completely randomized design using 75 mice of Swiss Webster strain. Test groups were consisted of AP, AP+ES, AP+PS, carboxymethyl cellulose, and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine. All mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei on the day 0. The test material extracts were given 3 days before infection (H-3) and every day for 28 days after infection. Parasitemia data were taken on day 3, 7, 10, 15, 21, and 28, while the data for erythrocyte count and Hb level were taken on day 3, 10, and 21. Data processing was conducted using one-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc test.Results: This study showed that combination of sambiloto extract and spirulina powder (AP+PS) gave a significant difference result in suppressing the percentage of parasitemia (p=0.02), increasing the erythrocyte count (p=0.03), and Hb level (p=0.01) at the 15th day, compared to the group given only sambiloto (AP).Conclusion: Combination of spirulina powder and sambiloto extract will decrease parasitemia and increase the number of erythrocyte and Hb in mice that infected by P. berghei.
IN SILICO STUDY OF ARYL EUGENOL DERIVATIVES AS ANTI-COLORECTAL CANCER BY INDUCING OF APOPTOSIS
Authors: Fadilah Fadilah , Yanuar Arry , Arsianti Ade , Andrajati Retnosari , Purwaningsih Erni Hernawati
Published: December 2017

Objective: Apoptosis is one method the body uses to get rid of unneeded or abnormal cells, but cancer cells have strategies to avoid apoptosis. Apoptosis inducers can get around these strategies to cause the death of cancer cells.Methods: We screened some derivatives aryl eugenol based on their interactions with Bcl-2 in many cancer tissues, using computer software applications (in silico method) to determine the best compounds. The docking experiment on Bcl-2 (Protein Data Bank ID 4LXD) was carried out by suitably positioning the energy-minimized ligand in the active site while carefully monitoring non-bonded interactions of the ligand enzyme.Results: The resulting ligand-receptor complex was docked using the Autodock Vina software. Docking results based free binding energy, EUGACl (21), EUASABr (17), EUGEABr (19), and EUASACL (17), has the lowest binding energy than navitoclax and binds significantly to BCL 2. In silico ADMET predictions revealed that except SA, ASA, and GEA, all other compounds had minimal toxic effects and had good absorption as well as solubility characteristics.Conclusion: These compounds of aryl eugenol (17, 19, and 21) may serve as a potential lead compound for developing new anticancer as apoptosis inducers.
COMPARISON OF ANTI-DIABETIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITY OF WILD AND CULTIVATED VARIETY OF RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA
Authors: Chauhan Saveena , Kaur Amrinder , Vyas Manish , Khatik Gopal L
Published: December 2017

Objectives: About 80% of world populations are still dependent on herbal plants. Rauwolfia is also one of the wonder drugs of India, which is used since ancient time. It contains a variety of compounds with antioxidant activity and other health benefits. A wild variety of rauwolfia is became endangered due to indiscriminate use. Hence, its cultivation and collection have been started to complete the demand of rauwolfia. Therefore, the study was designed to evaluate and compare the in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of the wild and cultivated plant of rauwolfia. Methods: The methanolic extract of wild and cultivated plant was subjected to the DPPH and alpha-amylase inhibition activity for antioxidant and antidiabetic activity, respectively. Result: The study revealed that the wild and cultivated variety of Rauwolfia serpentina does not have a significant difference in their antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. Conclusion: On the basis of the in-vitro studies, it can be concluded that cultivated variety of the plant can be used as a substitute for a wild variety of R. serpentina.
ANTIOXIDANT PROFILE AND PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENT OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF SUPER RED DRAGON FRUIT (HYLOCEREUS COSTARICENSIS) COLLECTED FROM WEST JAVA-INDONESIA
Authors: Fidrianny Irda , Ilham Nadia , Hartati Rika
Published: December 2017

Objectives: The goals of this research were to observe antioxidant properties from different parts of super red dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis) using two antioxidant testing methods which were 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS).Methods: Antioxidant activities were determined using DPPH and ABTS assays, total phenolic content (TPC) using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoid content by Chang’s method.Results: Inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of DPPH scavenging activity of all of the extracts in the range of 2.69 μg/ml was −94.17 μg/ml. The ethyl acetate peel extract of super red dragon fruit expressed the highest TPC (4.56 g GAE/100 g) and the highest total flavonoid content (12.63 g QE/100 g). TPC in flesh extract of super red dragon fruit had a negative and significant correlation with their IC50 of ABTS. The IC50 of DPPH and IC50 of ABTS of flesh extract of super red dragon fruit showed positive and significant correlation.Conclusion: All different parts extracts of super red dragon fruit (except n-hexane flesh extract) were categorized as a very strong antioxidant by DPPH method. Phenolic compounds in flesh extract of super red dragon fruit were the major contributor in antioxidant activities by ABTS method. DPPH and ABTS showed linear results in antioxidant activities of super red dragon fruit flesh extract.
INVESTIGATION THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MTHFR GENE POLYMORPHISM AND HOMOCYSTEINE IN IRANIAN PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Sonbolestan Elham Sadat , Sazegar Hossein , Zia-jahromi Noosha , Farsani Farzaneh Mohamadi
Published: December 2017

Objective: This study was aimed to investigate the association between polymorphisms in MTHFR gene and Vitamin B12-dependent homocysteine metabolism.Methods: Hyperhomocysteinemia has been implicated as a risk factor for complications in pregnancy including abortion, preeclampsia, and placental abruption. Several epidemiological studies have investigated the associations of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with hypertension or hypertension in pregnancy. However, the results were controversial. Numbers of 100 samples from healthy pregnant women as control criteria and 100 samples from fertile women have been collected. Due to research on MTHFR polymorphism, special primers have been designed. The research on MTHFR polymorphism has been done by restriction fragment length polymorphism assay.Results: The results demonstrated 9.26% have been registered for heterozygous individuals and the homocysteine level of homozygous individuals was 41.18% (higher than the normal level). The results showed a significant difference in the homocysteine levels of homozygous individuals and the homocysteine levels of healthy individuals (p=0.004). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the homocysteine levels of heterozygous individuals and the homocysteine levels of healthy individuals (p=0.34). Similarly, a significant difference in the B12 levels in blood of homozygous individuals and the homocysteine levels of healthy individuals have been showed (p=0.00).Conclusion: The mutation of gene MTHFR C677T causes an increase of the homocysteine level, decrease of the level of folic acid and B12 vitamin in heterozygous individuals but a relationship among homocysteine level, the level of folic acid and B12 vitamin not found.
BERBERINE HYDROCHLORIDE COULD PROVE TO BE A PROMISING BULLET AGAINST CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION: A PRELIMINARY STUDY FROM SOUTH INDIA
Authors: Chakraborty Rituparna , Lobo Richard , Prabhu Mukhyaprana M , Umakanth Shashikiran , Chowdhury Goutam , Mukhopadhyay Asish K , Ramamurthy Thandavarayan , Ballal Mamatha
Published: December 2017

Objective: Recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and the emergence of strains with reduced susceptibility to metronidazole and vancomycinwarrants alternative therapy. Hence, we tested the potential efficacy of the natural compound berberine hydrochloride (BBRHCl) against toxigenicC. difficile.Methods: Three representative polymerase chain reaction confirmed, toxin-positive strains were included in the study. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) profile and antibiogram of the strains were analyzed along with 10 other toxin positive isolates. Efficacy of BBRHCl against toxigenic C. difficilewas determined using agar diffusion by punch well method.Results: PFGE grouped the test strains into three clusters with unique susceptibility pattern toward standard antibiotics. BBRHCl was efficaciousagainst the test strains at a concentration ranging between 6.25 μg/ml and 10 mg/ml. BBRHCl’s breakpoint point inhibitory zone diameter wasequivalent (p<0.001) to the epidemiological cutoff values for teicoplanin, vancomycin and 2% black seed oil. Although the predicted concentration ofBBRHCl for breakpoint zone diameter equivalent to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing’s epidemiological cutoff value formetronidazole was observed to fall outside the tested concentration range; it was still within the safe dosage for humans.Conclusion: The present study is promising in considering BBRHCl as a potent substitute or adjunct not only for metronidazole, vancomycin andteicoplanin but also for natural compounds like 2% black seed oil for managing resistant cases of CDI. Owing to BBRHCl’s direct antibacterial and antiinflammatoryaction, further investigations will aid in the proper characterization of the therapeutic effects of similar plant compounds, to developsafe and effective drugs against the epidemiological outbreak of CDI.
SCREENING OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY IN MEDICINAL PLANTS BELONGING TO THE FAMILY APOCYNACEAE ZAHRA
Authors: Iqbal Zahra , Iqbal Mohammed Shariq , Mishra Kumkum
Published: December 2017

Objective: The present study was aimed to explore antioxidant properties of the plants belonging to the family Apocynaceae.Methods: Plants used in the study were Alstonia scholaris, Calotropis gigantea, Catharanthus roseus, Cerbera odollam, and Wrightia tinctoria. The plant material was used to estimate non-enzymatic antioxidant, namely, total antioxidant, total flavonoids, total phenolic, and total carotene content using spectrophotometer.Result: The results showed significant antioxidant potential of the plants used in the study. It was observed that total flavonoids content was maximum in W. tinctoria (65.21 ± 3.712 mg equivalent quercetin/g of tissue), while total phenolic content was found maximum in C. roseus (59.63 ± 2.151 mg equivalent gallic acid/g of tissue). When total carotene content and total antioxidant activity were estimated, it was found maximum in C. roseus with (70.91 ± 4.41 μg/g fresh weight) and (0.846 ± 0.109 mM equivalent ascorbic acid/g tissue), respectively.Conclusion: It was observed C. roseus possess potent antioxidant property compared with other plants of same family. When correlation was established between the antioxidants and different genera plants, a strong positive correlation was observed, indicating that the plants belonging to the family Apocynaceae are a potent source of antioxidants. Further research is recommended to explore this family (Apocynaceae) and to fully elucidate its biochemical (antioxidant) benefits.
INFLUÊNCIA DE FATORES SOCIOECONÔMICOS E CLÍNICOS NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE HIPERTENSOS
Authors: Fernandes Darci Ramos , Rocha Tânia Pavão Oliveira , Santos Edenilde Alves , Figueiredo Neto José Albuquerque , Santana Ewaldo Éder Carvalho , Lima Rafael de Abreu
Published: December 2017

A hipertensão arterial é considerada um problema grave de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo devido às altas cargas de doenças representadas pela morbimortalidade, podendo influenciar na qualidade de vida. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a influência de fatores socioeconômicos e clínicos na qualidade de vida de hipertensos atendidos na Estratégia Saúde da Família em São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. O método adotado foi o estudo transversal e observacional, conduzido em amostra representativa de 502 hipertensos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário de caracterização socioeconômica e clínica. Para avaliação da qualidade de vida utilizaram-se os questionários SF-36 e MINICHAL, comparando-os. Os dados foram analisados por meio de testes de Mann-Witney, Kruskall-Wallis, Bonferroni e Dunnet. Os resultados indicaram que os hipertensos do sexo feminino, idade > 60 anos, solteiros/separados/viúvos, baixa escolaridade, aposentados que continuavam na ativa, baixa renda, níveis pressóricos não controlados, tempo diagnóstico > 10 anos, presença de diabetes, sobrepeso e obesidade, sedentarismo e tabagismos apresentaram menores escores de qualidade de vida. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento dos fatores socioeconômicos e clínicos são determinantes na qualidade de vida dos hipertensos e podem favorecer o planejamento adequado das ações de saúde para melhor atender a esse segmento crescente da população.

Palavras-chave: Hipertensão. Fatores socioeconômicos. Qualidade de vida. Estratégia Saúde da Família.
ADESÃO ÀS DIRETRIZES PARA INDICAÇÃO CIRÚRGICA NA INSUFICIÊNCIA MITRAL EM SERVIÇO DE REFERÊNCIA EM CARDIOLOGIA
Authors: De Carvalho Melissa Alves , Freire Kleber Do Espirito Santo , Machado Rodrigo Loureiro , Melo Agnes Souza Oliveira Jansen , Ferrer Mariana Mendes , Menezes Marta Silva
Published: December 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a concordância dos critérios de indicação cirúrgica identificados com o proposto pelas Diretrizes de Valvopatias da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia dos pacientes submetidos à troca valvar única decorrente de insuficiência mitral no período de 2007 a 2013, bem como estabelecer o perfil biológico clínico e cirúrgico desses. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo e descritivo, realizado em um centro de cardiologia. A população do estudo consistiu em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias para troca mitral secundária a insuficiência no período de 2007 a 2013. Os resultados informaram que, do total de 70 prontuários revisados, 61% eram de pacientes do sexo masculino. A idade média foi de 45 anos. Após a análise das informações, notou-se que, em 17%, não foram identificados critérios indicados nas diretrizes. Nesses casos, evidenciou-se uma tendência (63%) à intervenção precoce da lesão. Critérios específicos de indicação foram revelados em 68%, enquanto que em 15% os dados estavam incompletos. Quanto às classes funcionais da New York Heart Association estavam distribuídos entre II (13%) e III/IV (77%). Além disso, 56% apresentavam histórico de febre reumática. Dos resultados ecocardiográficos 81% apresentavam insuficiência mitral importante, enquanto 9% apresentavam moderada. Não foram registrados óbitos intraoperatórios, porém 9% apresentaram complicações. Em 75% optou-se por utilização de valva biológica. Concluiu-se que houve moderada adesão aos critérios de indicação e o perfil biológico clínico e cirúrgico desses pacientes foi compatível com a literatura.

Palavras-chave: Insuficiência da valva mitral. Cirurgia torácica. Implante de prótese.
Certain biological properties of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow and adipose tissue of FVB/N mice
Authors: Rodnichenko A.
Published: December 2017

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs) are used for cell therapy of lesions of various genesis. The most widely used MMSCs are from two tissue sources: bone marrow and adipose tissue.The purpose of the work was to conduct a comparative assessment of the biological properties of murine bone marrow-derived and adipose tissue-derived MMSCs.Methods. The culture of MMSCs was obtained from the bone marrow and adipose tissue of 6 months-old male FVB/N mice according to standard protocols. We performed phenotyping, directed osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, analysis of immunomodulatory properties in vitro of obtained cell cultures.Results. The cultured MMSCs from bone marrow and adipose tissue express the typical stromal markers (CD44, CD73, CD90 and Sca-1). A distinctive feature of bone marrow cells cultures of the 2nd passage was the high level of the hematopoietic markers CD45 and CD117 expression. MMSCs from both tissue sources are capable of differentiation in the osteogenic and adipogenic directions. At the same time, there were differences in the differentiation in the osteogenic direction – adipose tissue-derived MMSCs had a lower osteogenic potential. MMSCs exhibit inhibitory effect on mitogen-induced proliferation of splenocytes in vitro, expression of which does not depend on tissue origin of the MMSCs with significant inhibition of mitogen-induced proliferation of splenocytes at addition of high doses of MMSCs.Conclusions. MMSCs of bone marrow and adipose tissue express a similar level of surface markers that are characteristic of cells with multipotent properties. They are capable to differentiating in osteo- and adipogenic direction with differences in the degree of mineralization of the extracellular matrix and exhibit immunomodulatory effects in vitro, regardless of tissue origin.
Traumatic brain injury: pathogenesis, experimental models, prospects of cell-based therapy
Authors: Chayka A. , Zaben’ko E. , Labunets I. , Pivneva T.
Published: December 2017

Traumatic brain injury is the brain damage caused by external mechanical force, for example: a severe impact as a result of a car accident, a blow of a blast wave, biomechanical damage to the brain as a result of a collision with contact sports, etc. This is a complex trauma with a wide range of symptoms became the main cause of death and disability in modern society throughout the world. The results of numerous therapeutic approaches to treating the consequences of injuries have shown promising perspectives in animal models of traumatic brain injury, but have not achieved any significant efficacy in clinical trials. In this review, we will consider the current topical issues of traumatic brain injury: a modern classification; general principles of the development of the pathological process; models of brain trauma in animals; therapy with the application of stem cells of various genesis.
Anesthesia for a Patient With Excessive Supragastric Belching
Authors: Wong Michelle
Published: December 2017

Excessive supragastric belching is rarely described in the anesthesia literature. Anesthesia planning of a 26-year-old patient with excessive supragastric belching, history of superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS), and dental anxiety requires preoperative assessment. This case report outlines the anesthetic considerations and the management to facilitate comprehensive dentistry. Key anesthetic considerations include anxiolysis, aspiration risk reduction, total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis.
A supervisão sob a ótica dos enfermeiros: reflexos na assistência e trabalho em equipe
Authors: Carvalho Natália Ana de
Published: December 2017

Pesquisa de natureza qualitativa com o objetivo de identificar como se dá o processo de supervisão no desenvolvimento do trabalho do enfermeiro e seus reflexos na assistência à clientela e no trabalho de equipe. A captação dos dados foi obtida através de entrevista semi-estruturada, com dez enfermeiros das instituições de saúde, do município de Juiz de Fora. Da análise emergiu que os enfermeiros reconhecem a supervisão como um instrumento fundamental no trabalho e serve como base para alcançar qualidade na assistência prestada ao paciente uma vez que identifica e preveni erros da equipe e cria subsídios para educação permanente. Verificou-se que a concepção de supervisão é diversificada e está sendo realizada de maneira assistemática e que os enfermeiros estão inseguros para exercer a supervisão. Considera-se que há necessidade de investimentos na formação profissional e necessidade do enfermeiro em sistematizar o processo de supervisão.
Amistades y estrategias políticas: Lady Hamilton en la Corte de Nápoles
Authors: Recca Cinzia
Published: December 2017

Lady Emma Hamilton, cuyo nombre de nacimiento fue Amy Lyon, siempre ha sido sinónimo de glamur, elegancia y clase. Muy pocas mujeres en la historia han conseguido suscitar tanta pasión y generar tanto misterio en torno a ellas como Emma Lyon.

Este estudio tiene como objetivo subrayar la importancia de la amistad entre Emma Hamilton y la reina María Carolina de Nápoles, así como las consecuencias políticas que tuvo en ese reino. Su base es el análisis de varios textos autorreferenciales: cartas publicadas a principios del siglo XX, que no se han vuelto a publicar, y documentos privados en gran parte desconocidos e inéditos, que muestran los vínculos (familia, amigos, amor) entre Emma y la reina, revelando áreas poco estudiadas y las repercusiones de esta relación en la política del momento.
Determination of pulp necrosis based on periapical digital radiography histogram and pulp histopathology
Authors: Khoironi Emi , Firman Ria Noerianingsih , A Azhari , Oscandar Fahmi
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Radiographic examination is needed to determine the diagnosis of pulp necrosis in addition to a clinical examination. Visual observation was limited in seeing the colour change degree and hence an effort taken by assessing the histogram value. The purpose of this study was to obtain the pulp chamber histogram pattern which reveals its grey scale value, trend, intensity average, histogram variation, and histograms maximum regional of interest (ROI) through digital periapical radiograph. Methods: This study was a descriptive study of the total of nine pulp chamber periapical radiograph data samples. The samples were divided into three groups, the 1st group was the data taken prior to the tooth extraction, the 2nd group was the data collected after the teeth extraction, and the 3rd group was the data of priorly pulpless teeth. Results: There was a tendency of histogram graphic shifting to the left side, likely towards the radiolucent area on ROI of the pulp at the apical region, whilst histopathologically, a massive infiltration of a round PMN cells was found in the area. This finding supported the determination of pulp necrosis diagnose. Conclusion: The tooth with a pulp necrosis showed a tendency that led to radiolucency on periapical radiograph histogram, and histopathologic examination showed massive infiltration of a round PMN cells, thus supported the pulp necrosis diagnose.
Oral hygiene status of the orphan children in Ar-Rohman Foster Home Bandung after dental health education
Authors: Hapsari Nurayni Tri , Suwargiani Anne Agustina , Zubaedah Cucu
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Oral hygiene status is a condition of a person’s oral cavity. Oral hygiene status can be assessed using Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) by Greene & Vermillion. The education given regarding dental health is one of the health promotion with the purpose to increase the ability of children in terms of maintaining and improving their oral hygiene. The purpose of this study was to determine the oral hygiene status of the orphan children in Ar-Rohman Foster Home Bandung before and after being given dental health education (DHE). Methods: This research was pre-experimental research with one group of pretest-posttest design with total sampling technique. Subjects of this research were orphans aged 13-15 years old. The respondents got the clinical examination of OHI-S at before and after the respondent was given dental health education. The data obtained then tested using the normality test, if the data were normally distributed analysis, then analyzed with a paired t-test, and if the data were not normally distributed, will be analyzed with a Wilcoxon test. Results: The results showed a significant decrease of plaque index after dental health education was given to the orphans. The examination of the calculus index (CI-S) did not show any change before and after dental health education. OHI-S of children, however, showed a significant decrease. Conclusion: There was an increase in the oral hygiene status of the orphan children in Ar-Rohman Foster Home Bandung after being given dental health education.
Comparison of the removal of calcium hydroxide medicaments on the root canal treatment irrigated with manual and sonic agitation technique
Authors: Muryani Anna , Hayati Ayu Trisna , Adang Rahmi Alma Farah
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Irrigation of the root canal is an important part of the endodontic treatment. Root irrigation technique can be done with the manual and sonic system by using 2.5% NaOCI solution. Calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2 ] is used as a medicament for root canal sterilization. Root canal treatment will fail due to the imperfect removal of Ca(OH)2 residue. The objective of this research was to analyze the comparison of the removal of Ca(OH)2 medicaments on the root canal treatment irrigated with manual and sonic agitation technique using 2.5% NaOCI. Methods: The methods used in this study was experimental laboratory. The sample used was 30 maxillary incisors. The teeth were then divided into two groups randomly, then the root canal preparation was done by the crown down technique with irrigation using 2.5% NaOCI. The radicular part of the teeth was then split longitudinally, given a standardized groove in the one-third of the apical part, then applied with water-solved calcium hydroxide. The teeth were unified afterwards by using flowable composites, then soaked in the artificial saliva. The sample of the 1st group was irrigated by manual agitation technique, and the 2nd group by sonic agitation technique. The data results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: The results of Ca(OH)2 removal were different between manual agitation technique compared to the sonic agitation technique. Conclusion: The irrigation using 2.5% NaOCl with the sonic agitation technique were proven to be more effective in removing Ca(OH)2 from root canals than the manual agitation technique.
La posmodernidad, su comprensión filosófica, económica y social en el siglo XXI
Authors: Lancheros Jorge Alirio Ochoa
Published: December 2017

La descripción sobre la filosofía positivista y el desarrollo de las metáforas sobre las teorías filosóficas, con base en las concepciones de la modernidad y posmodernidad (no confundir con modernismo y posmodernismo), han sido analizadas y expuestas en la tesis de Fritjof Capra, la cual corresponde, como científica, a la complejidad de la filosofía de la posmodernidad. Luego, en su obra The Hidden Connections: A Science for Sustainable Living (2003), aparece su posición crítica y contributiva en el espectro de la nueva conceptualización y comprensión del componente de las redes sociales en el contexto de la posmodernidad. A través de la observación y la lectura de esta posición crítica, se puede entender el posmodernismo filosófico y la economía social de este siglo.
Legal Concerns with Academic Engagement Programs in Developing Countries
Authors: Eckman Molly , Kriner Ellie , Mehta Khanjan , Prucino Kevin , Lian Meng , Tang Xiling , Erickson Jeffrey
Published: December 2017

Universities and other institutions of higher learning have seen an increase in the number of academic programs that involve engagement with external communities, especially in the developing world. These programs may include travel abroad, community service, or the design and commercialization of new products. Despite this growth, many faculty and program leaders remain unaware of the legal concerns and challenges that might arise on these types of activities. This article informs faculty on the legal nuances relevant to different types of academic engagement programs. Representative examples of each type of program are used to illustrate legal concerns that may arise, and compromise academic engagement programs.
Improved Field Methods for Construction of Concrete Biosand Water Filter Housings
Authors: Bowser Timothy J. , Weckler Paul R. , Bugg Marquette , Lam Eric , Chamberlain Jim F.
Published: December 2017

This paper discusses two alternative solutions to remedy the difficulties and challenges associated with low-cost field methods for construction of concrete biosand water filter housings. Outer and inner forms are required to retain the concrete in the desired shape for the filter housing. Removal of the inner form can be a challenging process. The first method outlines a procedure for the use of an inflatable boat fender that is used for the inner form. The boat fender can be deflated and easily removed after the concrete is set. The second method uses stuffed feed sacks for the inner form. The feed sacks are stuffed with a granular material and stacked vertically. After the concrete is set, the granular material is removed and the feed sacks are readily separated from the concrete. Both methods of construction are described in detail. Findings include two rapid field methods for constructing inexpensive concrete biosand water filter housings.
Cross-Disciplinary Service-Learning to Enhance Engineering Identity and Improve Communication Skills
Authors: Keshwani Jennifer , Adams Krista
Published: December 2017

Traditional engineering curricula often do not provide opportunities for students to experience working with non-technical collaborators on real projects. Such interactions may help engineering students develop relevant communication skills. In this study, junior level engineering students collaborated with junior level elementary education students to develop afterschool STEM clubs for elementary children. The study sought to identify the effects of a cross-disciplinary, project-based service-learning experience on:  a) the development of a deeper understanding of engineering as a discipline and b) the development of skills necessary to communicate technical information to a non-technical audience. This paper describes the learning outcomes achieved by engaging undergraduate engineering students in cross-disciplinary working relationships. The results suggest that the cross-disciplinary experience affected learning in the knowledge, skills, attitudes and identity of student participants. Student learning was assessed through analysis of questionnaire responses and student reflections. The results also confirmed that simply knowing technical information does not correlate with the ability to communicate that same information. Students reported that they gained experience communicating technical content with non-technical audiences and developed leadership skills. Opportunities to learn communication skills were identified through student comments in course questionnaires and end of the semester focus group discussions.
Down the Neoliberal Path: The Rise of Free Choice Feminism
Authors: Čakardić Ankica
Published: December 2017

The free choice ideology dictates that any time a woman makes a choice it is an act of feminism. The idea that personal choice presupposes the faraway horizons of freedom and its guarantee, as well as the undoubted potentials of women’s empowerment, makes up the central position of the critique in this essay. Our text is divided into two parts. In the first part of the paper we are going to outline the basic assumptions of neoliberalism, in order to use them as foundations for the argument about its feminist affirmation. We will illustrate the relationship between neoliberalism and feminism by using the example of women's entrepreneurship, which is usually interpreted as a strategy of undeniable emancipation. In the second part of the essay, as a concrete response to ‘neoliberal feminism’, we are going to point to the progressive potential of social reproduction theory and socialist-feminist practice to be further developed out of it. Given the intention of this text is not to exhibit a detailed historical-comparative analysis of feminism, we are merely going to use concrete examples to illustrate the link between feminism and neoliberalism, and to map the shift from early second-wave feminism to identity politics and the cultural turn that swallows up the critique of political economy.
Scheduling Optimization For Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) Process On Data Warehouse Using Round Robin Method (Case Study: University Of XYZ)
Authors: Berliantara Agung Yudha , Wicaksono Satrio Agung , Pinandito Aryo
Published: December 2017

ETL scheduling is a challenging and exciting issue to solve. The ETL scheduling problem has many facets, one of which is the cost of time. If it is not handled correctly, it may take a very long time to execute and inconsistent data in very large data. In this study using Round-robin algorithm method that proved able to produce efficient results and in accordance with conventional methods. After doing the research, the difference between these two methods is about execution time. Through this experiment, the Round-robin scheduling method gives a more efficient execution time of up to 61% depending on the amount of data and the number of partitions used.
Development Framework for the Evaluation of Usability in E-Government: A Case Study of E-Finance Government of Malang
Authors: Lestari Vivin Ayu , Aknuranda Ismiarta , Ramdani Fatwa
Published: December 2017

E-government is an effort to utilize information and communication technology especially internet to improve public service quality which generally implemented in a web based application. Usability is one of the important quality criteria for the success of a web. In this study we developed a framework for evaluation of usability in e-government consisting ofÂ  eight stages: (1) determining the evaluation objectives, (2) determining the usability aspects, (3) determining the metrics usability, (4) selecting usability evaluation method candidates, (5) determining the required criteria of the method to be evaluated, (6) evaluating the method, (7) selecting and making the instrument, and (8) evaluate usability.. The results of the application of this framework in the case study of e-finance resulted in two methods used: user testing and questionnaires. The evaluation of usability in e-government for e-finance case studies using the proposed framework results in usability level of e-finance in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction are 96%, 92%, and 70 respectively. Which can be identified to be grouped into 16 problems consisting of aspects of effectiveness and efficiency.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of human brucellosis in Razavi Khorasan proivince and important risk factors in the years 2008 to 2013
Authors: Hashtarkhani Soheil
Published: December 2017

Background & Purpose: Brucellosis is a transmissible disease between humans and animals that is transmitted through infected animals and their products. Razavi Khorasan which is classified as a high incidence province, considered as one of the notable areas for controlling the disease.

Materials &Methods: Data on 5743 cases in Razavi Khorasan (Mashhad Medical University Coverage) over 5 years were analyzed. A GIS map is designed to show and compare incidence rate among different regions using ArcGIS software and different correlations between patients specifications are analyzed.

Results: The mean incidence of disease in the province is 26 per hundred thousand people which is highly correlated to animal population of every area. In the first 3 years of study the disease incidence was ascending and in last 2 years it was descending and in May till August the prevalence was more than other months.85% of patients were rural and 15% were urban. 56.9% were male and 43.1% female. Household and farmer-rancher were the most common jobs. Average age of patients was 33.4 ±18.1 year. 77.2% had consumption of unpasteurized dairy products which milk (91.4%) and cheese (21.4%) had the highest consumption. The most common symptoms were fever (79%) and anorexia (47.5%). A significant relationship between location and both livestock vaccination history and also family history, was found.

Conclusion: because of higher incidence rate of the disease in Daregaz, Takhtjolge and Rashtkhar, and young people aged 10 to 30 years and villagers, It’s need to control the disease in these groups.
Systematic extraction of diagnostic data items for common high-risk pregnancies using Delphi technique
Authors: Deldar Kolsoum , Tara Seyed Mahmood , Jangi Majid
Published: December 2017

Introduction

The quality of clinical decisions being made every day by on-call physicians are totally based on the quality of medical information they receive during telephone consultations with residents. Some basic factors such as the right selection of medical items, type and format, and also the volume of such information may highly affect the quality of remote consultations. Therefore, developing a trusted standard model for such clinical communication seems vital. In this research, we used Delphi technique to develop a set of information items in form of clinical decision archetypes to standardize teleconsultation in high-risk pregnancies.

Methods

A multi-stage cross-sectional study was conducted to exploit the diagnostic items for the most common high-risk pregnancies in three obstetrics and gynecology department of educational hospitals, Mashhad, Iran.     

Results

Our study revealed eclampsia/preeclampsia, hemorrhage, PROM, pre-term and post-term delivery as the most common high-risk pregnancies in the hospitals being studied. 189 clinically-important items were extracted from scientific references and then hand-filtered to 128 items by the participating gynecology and obstetrics experts. The final items were categorized into five classes including general information, chief complaint / current problem, medical history, clinical examination, and paraclinic tests.

Conclusion

 In this study, a set of clinical decision archetype was developed to improve the decisions being made in high risk pregnancies.
Abnormal Skeletal Growth Patterns in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Kaced Houria , Hanene Belabbassi , Haddouche Assia
Published: December 2017

Background: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) occurs among children during their pubertal growth spurt. Although there is no clear consensus on the difference in body height between AIS and healthy controls, it is generally thought that the development and curve progression in patients with AIS is closely associated with their growth rate.

Our aim is to compare the anthropometric parameters of children with AIS and those of a control   group within different age groups ranging from 9 to 16 years old.

Methods: It is a prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study which include 431children, 258 girls, 110 with AIS and 148 healthy controls, whereas in the group of males 173, 49 have AIS and 124 don’t have deformity.

Anthropometric parameters, clinical examination of the trunk and radiological assessment of the spine are records. The statistical analysis is performed using SPSS package.

Children are examined from a school-screening program in our physical medicine department in the university hospital of Douera in Algiers. Measurements are assessed, including anthropometric parameters (body height, body weight, secondary sexual characters using Tanner stage, puberty age), trunk asymmetry and Cobb angle of scoliosis.

Results: Girls with AIS are generally taller, with a higher weight than the healthy controls with a significant difference at the age of 12 years old. Otherwise, boys with AIS aged of 14 years are significantly taller than their controls.

Conclusion: The growth patterns in terms of tallness with AIS are significantly different from healthy controls at the ages of 12 for girls and 14 for boys.
Attitude and readiness of Dentistry students in Kerman University of Medical Sciences concerning Tele-dentistry in 2017
Authors: Bahaadinbeigi Kambiz , Tabatabaei Fatemeh , Eslami Jahromi Maryam
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Tele-dentistry is the use of information and telecommunications technology for dental care, counseling, education and public awareness in the same way as remote medical. Tele-dentistry is a relatively new field that can change the dental care system. However, many dentists are unaware of the goals, benefits, and how to participate. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the knowledge and attitude of dental students regarding telemedicine.

Methods:The present study is descriptive-analytic. The study population consisted of all dental students in Kerman in year 2017 and sample of 230 students selected by proportional sampling. For data collection, a complete English translation of an English-language article in the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, whose validity was confirmed by three of the leading medical informatics specialists in English, was then used to analyze the data using the software SPSS 19.

Results: The findings of this study showed that there is no significant difference between the students' age, sex and term of education with their knowledge of tele-dentistry (P>0.05). Knowledge and attitude of 72% of students in tele-dentistry is very low. 40% of them said tele-dentistry would be very beneficial and more than half of them would be willing to do tele-dentistry in the future. 81% of them agreed that tele-dentistry could be a good tool for health education and oral health, and effective in educating the health of a large number of people. 75% of them felt that distance dental care saves time, and 81% of students believed that tele-dentistry was not financially feasible.

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that many respondents lacked adequate knowledge and knowledge about tele-dentistry. Hence, there is a huge need for awareness among dentists to further the future of dentistry in the future. Therefore, it is suggested that the related institutions take more serious measures for awareness and education about tele-dentistry for students.