bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liderazgo Escolar y sus Efectos Organizacionales en Procesos de Mejora Educativa
Authors: Alcaide-Aranda Lourdes Ivonne del Carmen , Aguilar Alcaide Carlos Enrique
Published: May 2023

Esta investigación presenta el análisis de las prácticas de liderazgo de directores al interior de sus establecimientos educacionales en Chile, desde sus autopercepciones y las opiniones de los profesores a su cargo para evidenciar si estos tipos de liderazgo se relacionan con los efectos organizacionales en procesos de mejora educativa. El diseño no experimental de estudio correlacional y transversal permitió analizar los datos recogidos después de la aplicación de dos instrumentos: Cuestionario Multifactorial sobre Liderazgo transformacional de Bass y Avolio y el Inventario de liderazgo instruccional propuesto por Alig-Mielcarek, para luego comparar las relaciones entre estos liderazgos de manera independiente e integrada con los efectos organizacionales. Entre los resultados, resalta el encontrar que el liderazgo transformacional presenta una relación significativa con los efectos organizacionales al igual que el liderazgo instruccional y que ambos presentan cifras muy similares tanto de manera independiente e integrada, por ende se halló que no presentan diferencias significativas en la valoración de los encuestados con respecto a las relaciones de los dos liderazgos escolares con los efectos organizacionales por el contrario los dos liderazgos se integran.  Se concluyó que la importancia de esta investigación reside en que permitió contribuir con evidencia fidedigna con respecto a la influencia que ejercen los directores(as), que desarrollan las categorías del estilo de liderazgo instruccional y/o del estilo de liderazgo transformacional tanto de modo independiente como de modo integrado y sinérgico al momento de relacionarse con los procesos de mejora educativa y con los efectos organizacionales importantes para los procesos de cambio.
Insula Dynorphin and Kappa Opioid Receptor Systems Regulate Alcohol Drinking in a Sex-Specific Manner in Mice
Authors: Pina Melanie M. , Pati Dipanwita , Neira Sofia , Taxier Lisa R. , Stanhope Christina M. , Mahoney Alexandra A. , D'Ambrosio Shannon , Kash Thomas L. , Navarro Montserrat
Published: May 2023

Alcohol use disorder is complex and multifaceted, involving the coordination of multiple signaling systems across numerous brain regions. Previous work has indicated that both the insular cortex and dynorphin (DYN)/kappa opioid receptor (KOR) systems contribute to excessive alcohol use. More recently, we identified a microcircuit in the medial aspect of the insular cortex that signals through DYN/KOR. Here, we explored the role of insula DYN/KOR circuit components on alcohol intake in a long-term intermittent access (IA) procedure. Using a combination of conditional knock-out strategies and site-directed pharmacology, we discovered distinct and sex-specific roles for insula DYN and KOR in alcohol drinking and related behavior. Our findings show that insula DYN deletion blocked escalated consumption and decreased the overall intake of and preference for alcohol in male and female mice. This effect was specific to alcohol in male mice, as DYN deletion did not impact sucrose intake. Further, insula KOR antagonism reduced alcohol intake and preference during the early phase of IA in male mice only. Alcohol consumption was not affected by insula KOR knockout in either sex. In addition, we found that long-term IA decreased the intrinsic excitability of DYN and deep layer pyramidal neurons (DLPNs) in the insula of male mice. Excitatory synaptic transmission was also impacted by IA, as it drove an increase in excitatory synaptic drive in both DYN neurons and DLPNs. Combined, our findings suggest there is a dynamic interplay between excessive alcohol consumption and insula DYN/KOR microcircuitry.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe insular cortex is a complex region that serves as an integratory hub for sensory inputs. In our previous work, we identified a microcircuit in the insula that signals through the kappa opioid receptor (KOR) and its endogenous ligand dynorphin (DYN). Both the insula and DYN/KOR systems have been implicated in excessive alcohol use and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Here, we use converging approaches to determine how insula DYN/KOR microcircuit components contribute to escalated alcohol consumption. Our findings show that insula DYN/KOR systems regulate distinct phases of alcohol consumption in a sex-specific manner, which may contribute to the progression to AUD.
Dimensionality and Ramping: Signatures of Sentence Integration in the Dynamics of Brains and Deep Language Models
Authors: Desbordes Théo , Lakretz Yair , Chanoine Valérie , Oquab Maxime , Badier Jean-Michel , Trébuchon Agnès , Carron Romain , Bénar Christian-G. , Dehaene Stanislas , King Jean-Rémi
Published: May 2023

A sentence is more than the sum of its words: its meaning depends on how they combine with one another. The brain mechanisms underlying such semantic composition remain poorly understood. To shed light on the neural vector code underlying semantic composition, we introduce two hypotheses: (1) the intrinsic dimensionality of the space of neural representations should increase as a sentence unfolds, paralleling the growing complexity of its semantic representation; and (2) this progressive integration should be reflected in ramping and sentence-final signals. To test these predictions, we designed a dataset of closely matched normal and jabberwocky sentences (composed of meaningless pseudo words) and displayed them to deep language models and to 11 human participants (5 men and 6 women) monitored with simultaneous MEG and intracranial EEG. In both deep language models and electrophysiological data, we found that representational dimensionality was higher for meaningful sentences than jabberwocky. Furthermore, multivariate decoding of normal versus jabberwocky confirmed three dynamic patterns: (1) a phasic pattern following each word, peaking in temporal and parietal areas; (2) a ramping pattern, characteristic of bilateral inferior and middle frontal gyri; and (3) a sentence-final pattern in left superior frontal gyrus and right orbitofrontal cortex. These results provide a first glimpse into the neural geometry of semantic integration and constrain the search for a neural code of linguistic composition.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStarting from general linguistic concepts, we make two sets of predictions in neural signals evoked by reading multiword sentences. First, the intrinsic dimensionality of the representation should grow with additional meaningful words. Second, the neural dynamics should exhibit signatures of encoding, maintaining, and resolving semantic composition. We successfully validated these hypotheses in deep neural language models, artificial neural networks trained on text and performing very well on many natural language processing tasks. Then, using a unique combination of MEG and intracranial electrodes, we recorded high-resolution brain data from human participants while they read a controlled set of sentences. Time-resolved dimensionality analysis showed increasing dimensionality with meaning, and multivariate decoding allowed us to isolate the three dynamical patterns we had hypothesized.
Salicylic acid attenuates brassinosteroid signaling via protein de‐S‐acylation
Authors: Liu Xiaoshi , Chen Zian , Huang Liting , Ouyang Youwei , Wang Zhiying , Wu Shuang , Ye Weixian , Yu Boya , Zhang Yihang , Yang Chengwei , Lai Jianbin
Published: May 2023

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are important plant hormones involved in many aspects of development. Here, we show that BRASSINOSTEROID SIGNALING KINASEs (BSKs), key components of the BR pathway, are precisely controlled via de‐S‐acylation mediated by the defense hormone salicylic acid (SA). Most Arabidopsis BSK members are substrates of S‐acylation, a reversible protein lipidation that is essential for their membrane localization and physiological function. We establish that SA interferes with the plasma membrane localization and function of BSKs by decreasing their S‐acylation levels, identifying ABAPT11 (ALPHA/BETA HYDROLASE DOMAIN‐CONTAINING PROTEIN 17‐LIKE ACYL PROTEIN THIOESTERASE 11) as an enzyme whose expression is quickly induced by SA. ABAPT11 de‐S‐acylates most BSK family members, thus integrating BR and SA signaling for the control of plant development. In summary, we show that BSK‐mediated BR signaling is regulated by SA‐induced protein de‐S‐acylation, which improves our understanding of the function of protein modifications in plant hormone cross talk.
Tonic TNF conditioning of macrophages safeguards stimulus‐specific inflammatory responses
Authors: Luecke Stefanie , Adelaja Adewunmi , Guo Xiaolu , Sen Supriya , Spreafico Roberto , Singh Apeksha , Liu Yi , Taylor Brooks , Diaz Jessica , Cheng Quen , Hoffmann Alexander
Published: May 2023

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key inflammatory cytokine that warns recipient cells of a nearby infection or tissue damage. Acute exposure to TNF activates characteristic oscillatory dynamics of the transcription factor NFκB and induces a characteristic gene expression program; these are distinct from the responses of cells directly exposed to pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Here, we report that tonic TNF exposure is critical for safeguarding TNF's specific functions. In the absence of tonic TNF conditioning, acute exposure to TNF causes (i) NFκB signaling dynamics that are less oscillatory and more like PAMP‐responsive NFκB dynamics, (ii) immune gene expression that is more similar to the Pam3CSK4 response program, and (iii) broader epigenomic reprogramming that is characteristic of PAMP‐responsive changes. We show that the absence of tonic TNF signaling effects subtle changes to TNF receptor availability and dynamics such that enhanced pathway activity results in non‐oscillatory NFκB. Our results reveal tonic TNF as a key tissue determinant of the specific cellular responses to acute paracrine TNF exposure, and their distinction from responses to direct exposure to PAMPs.
Inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2‐mediated thromboinflammation by CLEC2.Fc
Authors: Sung Pei‐Shan , Sun Cheng‐Pu , Tao Mi‐Hua , Hsieh Shie‐Liang
Published: May 2023

Thromboinflammation is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in COVID‐19 patients, and post‐mortem examination demonstrates the presence of platelet‐rich thrombi and microangiopathy in visceral organs. Moreover, persistent microclots were detected in both acute COVID‐19 and long COVID plasma samples. However, the molecular mechanism of SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced thromboinflammation is still unclear. We found that the spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)‐coupled C‐type lectin member 2 (CLEC2), which was highly expressed in platelets and alveolar macrophages, interacted with the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein (SARS‐CoV‐2 RBD) directly. Unlike the thread‐like NETs, SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced aggregated NET formation in the presence of wild‐type (WT), but not CLEC2‐deficient platelets. Furthermore, SARS‐CoV‐2 spike pseudotyped lentivirus was able to induce NET formation via CLEC2, indicating SARS‐CoV‐2 RBD engaged CLEC2 to activate platelets to enhance NET formation. Administration of CLEC2.Fc inhibited SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced NET formation and thromboinflammation in AAV‐ACE2‐infected mice. Thus, CLEC2 is a novel pattern recognition receptor for SARS‐CoV‐2, and CLEC2.Fc and may become a promising therapeutic agent to inhibit SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced thromboinflammation and reduced the risk of post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 (PASC) in the future.
Cambios en las moléculas de un crudo liviano sometido a un ensayo de meteorización en suelo para ser aplicado en geoquímica forense
Authors: Javier Tomas Germán , Javier Acuña Adrián
Published: May 2023

[Introduction]: When an oil spill takes place in the soil, a weathering process begins that alters the composition of this resource and in advanced stages it can be unrecognizable with respect to the original hydrocarbon, making it difficult to assign responsibilities associated with contamination of this type. [Objective]: In the present work, the stability of n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aliphatic isoprenoids was analyzed in a light crude subjected to a soil weathering process under laboratory conditions for a period of one year, to be applied in litigation linked to oil spills and/or thefts. [Methodology]: Based on this, the profiles of the aforementioned molecules were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry from the crude fractions. [Results]: Next, specific parameters such as Pr/Ph (pristane/phytane), 4-MeDBT/1-MeDBT (methyldibenzothiophenes), and stigmastane C29αS/hopane C30 were calculated as diagnostic ratios that did not exceed 5 % of their relative standard deviation over the course of a year. On the other hand, the ratios Pr/n-C17 (pristane/heptadecane), Ph/n-C18 (phytane/octadecane), (n-C13 + n-C14)/(n-C25 + n-C26) and (N0 + N1)/N2 (N = naphthalenes) were the only ones with values above 5 %. [Conclusions]: These results, plus the analysis of the chromatograms obtained, suggest that both evaporation and biodegradation have altered the general composition of the crude, however, most of the isoprenoids remained unchanged under the test conditions throughout the study time period, which demonstrates their ability to solve the problems described.
El doble movimiento de la libertad: Fichte (1798) y Schelling (1809-1810)
Authors: Carrasco Conde Ana
Published: May 2023

Bajo Palabra. Revista de Filosofía
L´hystérie chez l´homme
Authors: Carrero Muñoz Antonio
Published: May 2023

Bajo Palabra. Revista de Filosofía
Hillforts of the Scythian Period in the Middle Course of the Seim River
Authors:   PhD, Senior Research Fellow, the Institute of Archaeology, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Early Iron Age Archaeology Department, Karavaiko Dmytro
Published: May 2023

Despite many years of studies of the Scythian Age hillforts of the Seim River Putyvl region, their research has only just begun. This is largely the merit of the works of the Putyvl archaeological expedition, which surveyed all the fortified settlements of the region during 2012—2016. New topographic plans were created, the peculiarities of the cultural layer of a particular settlement were clarified. The research conducted allows identifying the general characteristics of the fortified settlements of the region. All the hillforts are located on promontories, with one or more ramparts on the field side. A characteristic feature is the presence of two or more sharp ridges, which gently descend to the floodplain. Minor studies of defensive structures were conducted only at three sites. The presence of a defensive ditch is assumed, although it can be traced only visually at two sites. In addition, a significant part of the hillforts is fortified by slopes. Based on the cultural layer we can distinguish three groups: the fortified settlement with a thick layer which has existed for a long time; the fortified settlement with a layer approximately 0.5 m thick; the fortified settlement with a thin layer and a small number of finds and objects. The latter are probably unfinished hillforts or administrative centres, combining several unfortified settlements. A comprehensive research of the material complex, given the small number of finds, is impossible. However, even with a superficial analysis there can be traced the connection of the Middle Seim tribes with the Yukhniv population of the forest belt. It is possible to assume the presence of mixed marriages, which led to the appearance of specific forms of ceramic vessels and some items in the population of the northern part of the Left Bank forest-steppe. The question about the time of existence of the sites in the Seim River Putyvl region remains open. Preliminarily we can speak about the middle of the 6th—4th centuries BC. However, in the 4th century BC there was only one fortified settlement – Shyriaievе.
Locations of Ancient Fords on the Sula River
Authors:   Postgraduate student, the Institute of Archaeology, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Early Iron Age Archaeology Department, Korzh Anton
Published: May 2023

It is known that from ancient times rivers were not only a source of water and certain types of food, but also significant obstacles for overland travel. This especially applies toto the second-order watercourses, the length of which reached hundreds of kilometers, making it simply impossible to bypass them, including the right tributary of the Dnipro River — the Sula. Therefore, usually the most convenient places were chosen to overcome the water obstacle, which had optimal conditions, namely the width and depth of the channel, the speed of the current, the convenience of the coastline, etc. Usually there were not many of them and they functioned for a considerable period of time. In the article the issue of finding important elements of land communication of the Left-bank forest-steppe, namely crossings and fords across the Sula River, which could have existed in the Early Iron Age, was considered. Using the analysis of later cartographic materials, the locations of such important infrastructure elements of the 19th century as ferry crossings, which were usually located in the most favourable sections of the coastline and existed for quite a long time, were identified. Also, the names of settlements were taken into account, in which the answer could be found in the search for fords through the Sula. The analysis of later historical events that took place in the region helped a lot in solving the issue of finding fords and crossings, because, as mentioned above, there were few convenient places and they were usually used for thousands of years. In the paper four places on the Sula River that could have been used by the ancient population as fords and crossings, namely: Pishchanyi ford on the upper reaches of Sula and Basivka, Hlynsk and “Horoshynskyi portage” in the Sula basin. The locations on the right bank of both fortified settlements and large burial mounds of the Early Iron Age demonstrate a certain regularity that suggests the presence of crossing-points. We argue that the approach to these crossing-points was also marked on the left bank with mounds of 3—4 m height. So, the Sula River example shows the perspective of the direction of research of ancient communication routes, namely the search for places of ancient crossings and fords with the help of local historical literature, cartographic materials and analysis of later historical events that took place in the region.
Firearms Availability Among High-School Age Youth With Recent Depression or Suicidality
Authors: Haasz Maya , Myers Matthew G. , Rowhani-Rahbar Ali , Zimmerman Marc A. , Seewald Laura , Sokol Rebeccah L. , Cunningham Rebecca M. , Carter Patrick M.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Limiting firearm access is essential to decreasing teen suicide. Previous efforts have focused on household firearms; however, less is known about firearm access and possession among teens at increased suicide risk. Our objective was to estimate prevalence of firearm possession and access among high school-aged teens with recent depression and/or lifetime history of suicidality (DLHS).

METHODS

We conducted a probability-based, cross-sectional Web survey of 1914 parent–teen dyads between June 24, 2020, and July 22, 2020, with data weighted to generate a nationally representative sample of US teenagers (aged 14–18). Logistic regression analyses examined the difference between teens with and without DLHS for: (1) personal firearm possession, (2) perceived firearm access, and (3) method of firearm attainment.

RESULTS

Among high school-aged teens, 22.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 19.4–25.8) reported DLHS, 11.5% (95% CI, 8.7–14.3) reported personal firearm possession, and 44.2% (95% CI, 40.2–48.2) endorsed firearm access. Teens experiencing DLHS had increased perceived access (adjusted odds ratio, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.07–2.28) compared with non-DLHS peers. There was no association between DLHS and personal firearm possession (adjusted odds ratio, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.47–2.00). Among teens reporting firearm possession, those with DLHS were more likely to have acquired it by buying/trading for it (odds ratio, 5.66; 95% CI, 1.17–27.37) and less likely receiving it as a gift (odds ratio, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01–0.36).

CONCLUSIONS

High school-aged teens experiencing DLHS have higher perceived firearm access compared with lower-risk peers. Providers should speak directly to high school-aged teens at increased suicide risk about firearm access, in addition to counseling parents.
Identifikasi Pemilihan jurusan IPA dan IPS di SMA Menggunakan Metode Backward Chaining
Authors: Harahap Sri Amalia , Yunus Yuhandri , Sumijan Sumijan
Published: May 2023

Sebagian besar siswa lulusan Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) berkeinginan untuk melanjutkan keinginannya khususnya ke SMA, hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan banyaknya siswa lulusan SMP yang mengikuti ujian masuk ke Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Hal yang patut disayangkan adalah kurang matangnya mereka memilih jurusan yang ada disekolah yang dituju. Situasi semacam ini berdampak pada biaya pendidikan yang terlanjur di keluarkan, baik pada orang tua siswa maupun pemerintah yang mensubsidi sekolah menjadi tidak bermanfaat karna siswa tersebut tidak memiliki kemampuan yang memadai untuk jurusan yang sudah dipilihnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada SMA Persiapan Stabat. Pada penelitian ini, data yang diolah adalah nilai yang sudah ada yang didapat dari nilai rata-rata siswa di SMP dari kelas VII sampai kelas IX dan peminatan , kemudian data akan diolah untuk menentukan jurusan yang tepat untuk masing-masing siswa. Hasil yang didapat pada penelitan ini mencari alternatif terbaik pemilihan jurusan berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria yang telah ditentukan sekolah dengan menggunakan metode Backward Chaining. Hasil ini mempunyai akurasi yang tinggi, dimana pada jurusan IPA sebesar 93, 7% dan jurusan IPS sebesar 80% dimana dapat direkomendasikan untuk pemilihan jurusan IPA dan IPS di SMA dan metode ini dapat mempercepat seleksi, sehingga membantu dalam pengurangan biaya dan waktu untuk pihak sekolah
Optimisation of spray drying parameters using mixed flow in whey powder production using response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Mouzai A. , Kheroufi A. , Afoutni L. , Louaer W. , Zidoune M.N. , Boughellout H.
Published: May 2023

This work explored the impact of mixed flow spray drying on the physical and functional properties of whey powder without any subsequently added drying agent to increase whey utilisation. Spray drying was performed on a pilot scale using a mixed flow spray dryer. The effects of the inlet air temperature (150–210 °C) and feed flow rate (2–7 L h−1) on several responses such as moisture content, yield, dispersibility, bulk density, and outlet air temperature were investigated using response surface methodology. In addition, with the optimised parameters, Carr index, Hausner ratio, solubility, wettability, hygroscopicity, degree of caking, crystallinity, and morphology of the obtained whey powder were determined. The investigation revealed that feed flow rate is the main parameter influencing all responses. The inlet air temperature significantly affected the bulk, tapped density, and outlet air temperature. The optimal inlet air temperature and feed flow rate for the production of whey powder were 182 °C and 3.2 L h−1, respectively. Under these parameters the moisture content, yield, bulk density, hygroscopicity, and degree of caking of the obtained product were 28.6, 1.80%, 0.24 g cm−3, 16.10 g H2O/g powder, and 85.56%, respectively.
Development of a 2-dimensional thermal calculation method to estimate silicone oil's temperature distribution in viscous torsional vibration dampers
Authors: Venczel M. , Veress Á. , Peredy Z.
Published: May 2023

High-performance internal combustion engines are subject to severe torsional vibrations which result from uneven gas and inertial loads. Fatigue damage occurs if the frequency of these undesired oscillations matches the resonance frequency of the crankshaft and the driven engine elements. This phenomenon can be avoided by the application of visco-dampers whose working fluid is high-viscosity silicone oil. Since silicone oil is exposed to a significant amount of heat load during operation, it is essential to calculate the temperature distribution in a relatively easy, quick, and cost-efficient way for lifetime estimation purposes. The aim of this article is to develop a reliable, fast, and accurate finite difference-based numerical method for steady-state thermal calculations for arbitrary damper sections. The developed MATLAB code calculates the temperature field of the damping fluid together with all components in a radial cross-section at given operational conditions. The accuracy of the developed thermal calculation method has been tested in a 3-dimensional – 2-dimensional two-step verification process by finite element and finite volume-based advanced engineering software in ANSYS environment. Furthermore, the original Iwamoto equation available in the literature has been updated to provide more accurate surface temperature results based on the simulations' outcome gained by the finite volume method.
Analisis Quality of Service Modul NRF24L01 pada Sistem Stasiun Cuaca Lokal
Authors: Tiransri Loudry Achmad , Dewanta Favian , Nuha Hilal Hudan
Published: May 2023

Internet of Things sering dimanfaatkan untuk menggantikan pekerjaan manusia secara otomatis, salah satu contohnya adalah sistem stasiun cuaca lokal. Stasiun cuaca lokal sering kali digunakan untuk melakukan pengamatan dan pendeteksian cuaca di kawasan rawan bencana yang belum terjangkau oleh jaringan internet. Sehingga pembuatan sistem stasiun cuaca lokal sering menggunakan modul pengiriman data secara nirkabel sebagai hub yang menghubungkan gateway jaringan dengan perangkat yang berada jauh di lapangan. Salah satu modul pengiriman secara nirkabel tersebut adalah modul NRF24L01 yang merupakan modul Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN) dengan daya kecil tetapi memiliki kecepatan pengiriman data yang tinggi. Sehingga pada penelitian ini penulis mengimplementasikan modul NRF24L01 pada sistem stasiun cuaca lokal dan melakukan analisis Quality of Service (QoS) dari komunikasi tersebut. Eksperimen dilakukan dengan cara pengiriman informasi dari transmitter menuju receiver yang bergerak bebas pada jarak tertentu dan kondisi kanal tertentu yang merepresentasikan LOS dan non-LOS. Selanjutnya, perhitungan quality of service (QoS) dari komunikasi antar modul NRF24L01 tersebut dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Best Effort Service, dengan nilai packet loss sebesar 21,67% pada jarak pengiriman efektif yang kurang dari 300 meter dan kanal yang bersifat LOS, serta nilai packet loss sebesar 4,55% pada jarak pengiriman efektif yang kurang dari 70 meter dan kanal yang bersifat non-LOS. The Internet of Things is often used to replace human work automatically; one example is a local weather station system. Local weather stations often observe and detect weather in potential disaster areas the internet network has not reached. So, creating a local weather station system often uses wireless modules as a hub that connects the network gateway with devices far in the field. One of the wireless modules is the NRF24L01 module, a Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN) module with a small power but high data-sending speed. So in this study, the author implements the NRF24L01 module on the local weather station system and conducts a Quality of Service (QOS) analysis of the communication. The experiment was carried out by sending information from the transmitter to the receiver that moved freely at a certain distance and certain canal conditions representing LOS and Non-LOS. Furthermore, the calculation of the Quality of Service (QOS) of communication between the NRF24L01 module is carried out using the Best Effort Service method, with a loss packet value of 21.67% at an effective transmission distance of fewer than 300 meters and a LOS channel, and packet value Loss of 4.55% at an effective transmission distance of fewer than 70 meters and a non-LOS channel.
Crumbs from the Rich Man's Table?: Municipal Labour Market Policies and Recognition of Welfare Recipients in Sweden
Authors:   ,   Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work, Govender Lagunathan
Published: May 2023

Labour market policies, also known as activation, are common responses to poverty, unemployment and social exclusion. Activation is characterised by increased individual responsibility, requiring welfare recipients to strive for financial self-sufficiency, be it through job-seeking, training or coaching. In Sweden, activation policies are also implemented in municipal welfare services such as social assistance and activation services. However, knowledge concerning the practical implications of activation for welfare recipients is lacking. The purpose of this thesis is to understand the meaning of recognition in social work with activation. The study explores themes such as poverty, dignity and inclusion in society. Theoretically, the thesis draws on Axel Honneth’s critical theory of recognition, which concerns social justice and a human need of being recognised as a full member of society. The study examines social assistance and activation services in five municipalities in southern Sweden, which participated in a project funded by the European Social Fund, as a case of activation. The project consisted of a skills training programme aimed at enhancing recognition. Social workers underwent training in recognition theory and its implementation in practice over two years. The thesis studies the outcome of the training programme, partly through a survey with social workers and partly through a pre-post-test survey with welfare recipients in the case study municipalities and in five comparison municipalities. However, the study also draws upon welfare recipients’ experiences in activation through focus group and individual interviews, and open-ended survey responses from the pre-post-test. The research findings suggest that the skills training programme did not significantly increase recognition. Also, on the one hand, welfare recipients experience the activation practices as recognising, through supportive individual interactions, increased financial resources and social esteem for work-related contributions. On the other hand, they still experience poverty, low status and limited employment prospects. The main conclusion of the thesis is therefore that welfare recipients are subject to a marginal recognition in activation. On the basis of this conclusion, a discussion is raised about the potential of social work with activation to fully recognise welfare recipients.
Digital platforms for regional economic research: a review and methodology proposal
Authors:   Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akberdina Victoria V. , Kozonogova Elena V. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Dubrovskaya Yulia V. ,   Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2023

Relevance. This article addresses the need for a comprehensive approach to the analysis of socio-economic data on territorial units. The existing statistical observation system provides a vast amount of data on the socio-economic development of countries, macro-regions, sub-regions, and municipalities. Despite the wealth of data available, research efforts often remain narrowly focused on specific scientific tasks. In the field of regional economy, many research methods have been developed, but there are almost no approaches to the combined use of these methods. Digital research platforms can solve these problems by providing a mechanism for complex analysis of data. Research objective. This study aims is to examine the essence of platformization in scientific research and to present a detailed overview of the functionality of existing digital research platforms on regional and spatial development to substantiate the methodology of distributed regional research. The authors examine and systematize the features of 40 digital platforms worldwide that are related to regional research, using methods such as comparative analysis, extended case method, and cross-case analysis. Data and methods. The authors examine and systematize the features of 40 digital platforms worldwide that are related to regional research by using methods such as comparative analysis, extended case method, and cross-case analysis. Results. The proposed methodology includes a system of criteria and a typology that includes five main types of platforms for regional research: information and communication platforms, distributed work and data storage platforms, service platforms, computing platforms, and transaction platforms. These types are described and their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. Conclusions. Digital platforms should become the key form of organizing scientific research in the field of regional economics, as they allow for a comprehensive analysis of socio-economic data and scenario experiments on the "digital twins" of regions. The study proposes a general methodology for conducting distributed regional studies. This methodology provided a foundation for RegScienceGRID platform. Overall, this study highlights the potential of digital research platforms in regional studies and provides a useful methodology for evaluating and utilizing these platforms.
As condições para a saída do atraso
Authors: NICOL ROBERT N.
Published: May 2023

RESUMO O livro de Ugo Pipitone, La Salida del Atraso: Un Estudio Histórico Comparativo, é revisado. Sua principal ideia sobre a existência de apenas duas pré-condições para a modernização, a saber, a presença de um governo razoavelmente eficiente, que deveria estar livre da corrupção e de uma agricultura desenvolvida, está sujeita a críticas. Ressalta-se que outros fatores como o estágio de desenvolvimento cultural e educacional atingido pela sociedade em questão, bem como o nível de renda, a presença de mercados para bens manufaturados e a existência de uma infraestrutura adequada são igualmente importantes. Salienta-se que a ideia do autor, de que normalmente o processo de modernização dura no máximo duas gerações (cerca de 50 anos), é correta para a Inglaterra e alguns iniciantes como Alemanha e EUA, mas que isso não se aplicava à Itália ou ao Japão.
ESFERA PÚBLICA SEM MEDIAÇÃO? HABERMAS, ANTI-ILUMINISMO E DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Avritzer Leonardo
Published: May 2023

Resumo Em 2022 o teórico social Jurgen Habermas escreveu uma avaliação do seu livro Mudança estrutural da esfera pública, um texto clássico produzido 60 anos antes. Nesse texto, o teórico alemão liga a crise da democracia à perda do papel da imprensa e dos jornalistas na esfera pública. Nesse texto, dialogo com Habermas e procuro inserir uma análise complementar, mas não alternativa, com base no livro A tradição anti-iluminista, do historiador israelense Zeev Sternhell. A última parte do artigo dedica-se a aplicar a discussão ao Brasil.
DA REINVENÇÃO À REPRODUÇÃO DO ATIVISMO CÍVICO: OS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS ANTIAUSTERIDADE EM PORTUGAL NO FACEBOOK
Authors: Sousa João Carlos
Published: May 2023

Resumo Esta presente pesquisa tem como objetivo o estudo de como o Facebook foi apropriado entre os movimentos sociais antiausteridade em Portugal ao longo da Grande Recessão, num contexto marcado pela emergência das redes sociais digitais. Desta forma, podemos contribuir para o vasto debate em torno do papel das redes sociais digitais na participação política e cívica. Para a prossecução deste objetivo, realizamos uma análise do conteúdo de páginas do Facebook de oito movimentos sociais que se destacaram neste período e entrevistas semiestruturadas com ativistas destes. A principal descoberta feita pelo estudo consiste numa considerável desigualdade de recursos mobilizados nas práticas cívicas no Facebook entre ativistas e cidadãos utilizadores. Isso nos permite perceber que existem fatores que estão a montante, como a condição socioeconômica, educacional e até sofisticação política que impactam na apropriação das ferramentas digitais como o Facebook.
Saúde mental na atenção básica: percepção dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde
Authors: Salgado Jéssica Walesca , Zanela Letícia Rocha Marques , Rocha Lívia Toledo , Calmeto Marina Nakao , Meneguetti Juliana Alves , Vidal Carlos Eduardo Leal
Published: May 2023

Resumo Introdução Os fluxos de encaminhamento dos pacientes portadores de transtornos mentais e o seu devido acolhimento representam um grande desafio na área da saúde mental. Objetivo Conhecer a percepção dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde em relação aos usuários da saúde mental e suas atividades nesse campo. Método Estudo de ordem qualitativa utilizando a técnica de grupo focal. Os dados coletados foram transcritos e submetidos à Técnica de Análise Qualitativa de Conteúdo. Participaram do estudo 15 agentes de saúde. Resultados Os dados foram organizados utilizando os temas que se destacaram nos depoimentos dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde e agrupados em três categorias selecionadas previamente: Conhecimento sobre Transtornos Mentais, Ações em Saúde Mental, Entraves dos Serviços. Conclusão Os agentes demonstraram interesse pelo trabalho com os pacientes, mas apontaram dificuldades envolvendo os diversos pontos da rede de atenção à saúde. Melhor preparação técnica e teórica dos agentes resultaria em ganhos para a equipe de saúde e para os pacientes. Apesar de contemplar a realidade de um município de médio porte, este estudo pode fornecer subsídios para a discussão sobre a assistência em saúde mental na atenção básica de saúde.
Endodontic teleconsulting by Telehealth in Minas Gerais state, Brazil
Authors: Paixão Lígia Cristelli , Costa Vanessa Andrade , Ferreira e Ferreira Efigênia , Ribeiro Sobrinho Antônio Paulino , Martins Renata Castro
Published: May 2023

Abstract Background The Telehealth Brazil Program aims to improve the quality of Primary Health Care. Objective This cross-sectional study evaluated the Telehealth Brazil Networks Program’s dental teleconsulting in Minas Gerais state to elucidate the prevalent questions in endodontics. Method Secondary databases of offline dental teleconsulting from the Clinical Hospital and Medical School of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais from July 2015 to July 2017 were used. The variables analyzed were telehealth center, dental specialty and sub-area, and question type. The results were descriptively analyzed using the SPSS v.22.0 program. Results A total of 3,920 teleconsulting sessions were carried out. Endodontics was the field with the sixth-highest demand for questions (7.4%). The most prevalent endodontic questions were related to pulpal and periapical alterations (32.3%), being more related to diagnosis, followed by dental trauma (15.6%), endodontic emergencies (11.4%), and intracanal medication (7.3%), all of them with most questions related to clinical conduct. Conclusion The endodontic field questions were related to prevalent conditions in the daily activities of the primary health care professionals. It is crucial to continuously update the professionals through continuing education programs and the search for new knowledge to reinforce these competencies.
Salicylic acid concentrations and forms of application mitigate water stress in sour passion fruit seedlings
Authors: Fatima R. T. , Lima G. S. , Soares L. A. A. , Veloso L. L. S. A. , Silva A. A. R. da , Lacerda C. N. , Silva F. A. , Nobrega J. S. , Ferreira J. T. A. , Pereira W. E.
Published: May 2023

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate concentrations and forms of application of salicylic acid used for water stress mitigation on the gas exchange and growth of yellow passion fruit. The experimental design was arranged in randomized blocks in a 4 × 4 × 2 factorial scheme, with four concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) via foliar application (0.0, 0.7, 1.4, and 2.1 mM), four SA concentrations via fertigation (0.0, 0.7, 1.4, and 2.1 mM), and two irrigation depths estimated based on the actual evapotranspiration - ETr (50 and 100% of ETr), with three replications. Water stress negatively affected the physiology and growth of yellow passion fruit seedlings at 75 days after sowing (DAS). The application of salicylic acid, regardless of the form of application, attenuates the effects of water stress on gas exchange and growth of yellow passion fruit, with the best results obtained when applying a concentration of 1.30 mM via leaf or 0.90 mM via fertirrigation. The combination of foliar application of AS and fertigation contributed to improve photosynthetic and growth parameters under water conditions of 50 and 100% of ETr. The foliar application of AS presents superior responses to the application via fertigation. These results reinforce the hypothesis that the attenuation of water stress by salicylic acid is related to the maintenance of gas exchange, which depends on the concentration and form of application, and studies testing combinations throughout the crop cycle become promising for advances in knowledge from the action of this phytohormone on abiotic stress.
Phytoremediation as a way to clean technogenically polluted areas of Kazakhstan
Authors: Daurov D. , Zhambakin K. , Shamekova M.
Published: May 2023

Abstract One of the most serious problems worldwide is heavy metal (HM) pollution. HMs can have a toxic effect on human health and thus cause serious diseases. To date, several methods have been used to clean environments contaminated by HMs, but most of them are expensive, and it is difficult to achieve the desired result. Phytoremediation is currently an effective and affordable processing solution used to clean and remove HMs from the environment. This review article discusses in detail the technology of phytoremediation and mechanisms of HM absorption. In addition, methods are described using genetic engineering of various plants to enhance the resistance and accumulation of HMs. Thus, phytoremediation technology can become an additional aid to traditional methods of purification.
Knowledge and experience of Primary Education teachers regarding childhood asthma: mixed study
Authors: Brosso Lilian , Zonta Jaqueline Brosso , Levada Aline Fernanda , Barbosa Nayara Gonçalves , Lima Regina Aparecida Garcia , Okido Aline Cristiane Cavicchioli
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the knowledge of Primary Education teachers regarding asthma and learn about their experiences with the exacerbation of symptoms at school. Method: Sequential explanatory mixed study. In the quantitative stage, the Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire and the characterization instrument were applied. Data analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The production of qualitative data occurred from written statements analyzed using the deductive content analysis method. Results: Two hundred and seven teachers, mostly women (92%) and working in public schools (82%). As for knowledge, 132 (63.8%) had unsatisfactory performance. The questions with the lowest rates of correct answers were about medications used regularly and during the attacks. Teachers with higher scores had less time in the occupation (p = 0.017) and had been diagnosed with asthma (p = 0.006). In the qualitative stage, 35 teachers participated and the statements corroborated the quantitative findings, especially in relation to the knowledge gap and feeling of greater safety among asthmatic teachers. Conclusion: Teachers showed insufficient knowledge and reported fear and unpreparedness in the face of the situation.
Contemporary care model for older people: an urgent need
Authors: Veras Renato Peixoto
Published: May 2023

Abstract In this article, a proposed solution is developed for a resolutive care model with an excellent cost-benefit ratio, congruent with the latest solutions in integrated care for the older population. The theory and concepts underlying the proposed model are outlined in detail, together with the epidemiological assessment instruments used. The article provides the context behind the global growth of the older population and, more specifically for Brazil, showing the social and financial impacts of this shift on society. Drawing on this analysis, we advocate that care provision for the older population be rethought, with greater priority given to disease prevention and health promotion actions. We also propose judicious use of technology for consultations, monitoring and preventive strategies, and for coordinating new care approaches. We believe the emphasis on care for the older population should take a low-complexity approach to reduce wastefulness, ensure rational use of health system resources, and make optimal use of the professionals involved.
Building a baseline: a survey of the composition and distribution of the ichthyofauna of Guanabara Bay, a deeply impacted estuary
Authors: Teixeira-Leite Clara V. , Vianna Marcelo
Published: May 2023

Abstract Biodiversity baselines are essential subsidies to evaluate how environmental changes and human impacts affect the special and temporal patterns of communities. This information is paramount to promote proper conservation and management for historically impacted environments such as Guanabara Bay, in southeastern Brazil. Here, we propose an ichthyofaunal baseline for this bay using gathered past data from 1889 to 2020, including literature records, scientific collections, biological sampling, and fisheries landing monitoring. A total of 220 species (203 teleosts and 17 elasmobranchs), distributed in 149 genera (136 teleosts and 13 elasmobranchs) and 72 families (61 teleosts and 11 elasmobranchs) were recorded, including the first record of a tiger-shark, Galeocerdo cuvier, in Guanabara Bay. Although the employed sampling effort was sufficient to represent the ichthyofauna in the middle and upper estuary, the Chao2 estimator indicates an even greater richness regarding the bay as a whole. Evidence of reduced abundance and probable local extinction over the decades was found, supporting the importance of implementing management and conservation strategies in the area. The ichthyofaunal distribution analyses revealed that areas close to conservation units are richer compared to their surroundings, indicating that this is an effective strategy to mitigate human impacts in the bay.
Variation in patterns of fish assemblage and their environmental correlates in a tropical river basin from the Gulf of Mexico slope
Authors: Larre-Campuzano Santiago , Espinosa-Pérez Héctor , Mercado-Silva Norman , Rosales-Quintero Néstor , Matamoros Wilfredo A.
Published: May 2023

Abstract Understanding patterns of freshwater fish assemblage structure is key to protect them from ongoing human-induced threats to aquatic biodiversity. Yet, studies on associations between fish assemblages and habitat are lacking from many areas of high diversity in Middle America. We assessed fish assemblage structure and environmental associations from a portion of the Lacantún River sub-basin (Usumacinta River, Chiapas, Mexico). Based on environmental data and 17,462 individuals (56 species, 46 genera, and 22 families) captured from 13 sites sampled between 2017–2019, we found that stream order, distance to the Usumacinta, forest cover, temperature, and dissolved oxygen are key to explaining assemblage composition. Four clusters were found via multivariate regression tree analysis, with stream order and dissolved oxygen as defining variables. Our findings suggest that fish communities remain spatially structured even at small scales, in association to environmental gradients among habitats.
A Lei do Ventre Livre e a administração do tempo histórico no Império do Brasil
Authors: MIRANDA BRUNO
Published: May 2023

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é compreender a Lei do Ventre Livre por meio de uma análise do tempo histórico. O argumento é de que a lei de 28 de setembro de 1871 foi, em seu longo processo de gestação, concebida como um instrumento para controlar o tempo da emancipação brasileira, pautando o seu ritmo, intensidade e duração. A análise será fundamentada nos debates do Conselho de Estado de 1867 e 1868, nos debates parlamentares de 1870 e 1871, nas discussões na imprensa em 1871 e em uma gravura que comemorou a liberdade do ventre assim que ela foi aprovada.