bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental uncertainty and the advantage of impulsive choice strategies
Authors: Burk Diana C. , Averbeck Bruno B.
Published: January 2023

Choice impulsivity is characterized by the choice of immediate, smaller reward options over future, larger reward options, and is often thought to be associated with negative life outcomes. However, some environments make future rewards more uncertain, and in these environments impulsive choices can be beneficial. Here we examined the conditions under which impulsive vs. non-impulsive decision strategies would be advantageous. We used Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) to model three common decision-making tasks: Temporal Discounting, Information Sampling, and an Explore-Exploit task. We manipulated environmental variables to create circumstances where future outcomes were relatively uncertain. We then manipulated the discount factor of an MDP agent, which affects the value of immediate versus future rewards, to model impulsive and non-impulsive behavior. This allowed us to examine the performance of impulsive and non-impulsive agents in more or less predictable environments. In Temporal Discounting, we manipulated the transition probability to delayed rewards and found that the agent with the lower discount factor (i.e. the impulsive agent) collected more average reward than the agent with a higher discount factor (the non-impulsive agent) by selecting immediate reward options when the probability of receiving the future reward was low. In the Information Sampling task, we manipulated the amount of information obtained with each sample. When sampling led to small information gains, the impulsive MDP agent collected more average reward than the non-impulsive agent. Third, in the Explore-Exploit task, we manipulated the substitution rate for novel options. When the substitution rate was high, the impulsive agent again performed better than the non-impulsive agent, as it explored the novel options less and instead exploited options with known reward values. The results of these analyses show that impulsivity can be advantageous in environments that are unexpectedly uncertain.
Differential requirement for BRCA1-BARD1 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in DNA damage repair and meiosis in the Caenorhabditis elegans germ line
Authors: Li Qianyan , Kaur Arshdeep , Okada Kyoko , McKenney Richard J. , Engebrecht JoAnne
Published: January 2023

The tumor suppressor BRCA1-BARD1 complex regulates many cellular processes; of critical importance to its tumor suppressor function is its role in genome integrity. Although RING E3 ubiquitin ligase activity is the only known enzymatic activity of the complex, the in vivo requirement for BRCA1-BARD1 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity has been controversial. Here we probe the role of BRCA1-BARD1 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vivo using C. elegans. Genetic, cell biological, and biochemical analyses of mutants defective for E3 ligase activity suggest there is both E3 ligase-dependent and independent functions of the complex in the context of DNA damage repair and meiosis. We show that E3 ligase activity is important for nuclear accumulation of the complex and specifically to concentrate at meiotic recombination sites but not at DNA damage sites in proliferating germ cells. While BRCA1 alone is capable of monoubiquitylation, BARD1 is required with BRCA1 to promote polyubiquitylation. We find that the requirement for E3 ligase activity and BARD1 in DNA damage signaling and repair can be partially alleviated by driving the nuclear accumulation and self-association of BRCA1. Our data suggest that in addition to E3 ligase activity, BRCA1 may serve a structural role for DNA damage signaling and repair while BARD1 plays an accessory role to enhance BRCA1 function.
The development and implementation of a community engagement strategy to improve maternal health in southern Mozambique
Authors: Amosse Felizarda , Kinshella Mai-Lei Woo , Boene Helena , Sharma Sumedha , Nhamirre Zefanias , Tchavana Corssino , Magee Laura A. , von Dadelszen Peter , Sevene Esperança , Vidler Marianne , Munguambe Khatia ,   the CLIP Mozambique Working Group
Published: January 2023

Delays to seek medical help can contribute to maternal deaths particularly in community settings at home or on the road to a health facility. Community engagement (CE) can improve care-seeking behaviours and complements community-based interventions strengthening maternal health. The purpose of this paper is to describe the process undertaken to develop and implement a large-scale community engagement strategy in rural southern Mozambique. The CE strategy was developed within the context of the “Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia” (NCT01911494) conducted between 2015–2017 in southern Mozambique. Key CE messages included pregnancy complications and their warning signs, including pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, as well as emergency readiness, birth preparedness, decision-making mechanisms, transport options and information about the trial. CE meeting logs were used to record quantitative and qualitative information on demographic data and feedback. Quantitative data was analyzed using RStudio (RStudio Inc, Boston, United States) and community feedback was qualitatively analyzed on NVivo12 (QSR International, Melbourne, Australia). CE activities reached 19,169 participants during 4,239 meetings. CE activities were reported to be well received by community members though there was a relatively lower participation of men (3565 /18.6%). The use of recognized local leaders and personnel, such as community leaders, nurses and community health workers, allowed for greater acceptance of CE activities and maximized coverage of health messages in the community setting. Our CE strategy was effective in integrating maternal health promoting activities in routine care of community health workers and nurses in the area. Understanding district differences, engaging husbands, partners, mothers-in-law and community-level decision-makers to build local support for maternal health and flexibility to tailor messages to local needs were important in developing sustainable forms of CE. Better strategies are needed to effectively engage men in maternal health promotion who were less available due to working outside of the home or neighbourhoods
Feasibility and readiness to implement Robson classification to monitor caesarean sections in public hospitals in Myanmar: Formative research
Authors: Show Kyaw Lwin , Maung Thae Maung , Phyo Aung Pyae , Aung Kyaw Thet , Ngamjarus Chetta , Aye Nyein Su , Tunçalp Özge , Betrán Ana Pilar , Ku Saw Kler , Lumbiganon Pisake , Tin Khaing Nwe , Mon Nwe Oo , Bohren Meghan A.
Published: January 2023

Recent years have demonstrated an increase in caesarean section (CS) in most countries worldwide with considerable concern for the potential consequences. In 2015, WHO proposed the use of Robson classification as a global standard for assessing, monitoring and comparing CS rates. Currently, there is no standardized method to assess CS in Myanmar. The aim of this study was to explore health provider’s perceptions about the feasibility, acceptability and readiness to implement the Robson classification in public hospitals across Myanmar. Ten maternities were purposively chosen, including all five teaching hospitals (tertiary referral hospital-level) affiliated to each medical university in Myanmar, which provide maternal and newborn care services, and district/township hospitals. Face-to-face in-depth interviews (IDI) with healthcare providers and facility administrators were conducted using semi-structured discussion guides. Facility and medical records systems were also assessed. We used the thematic analysis approach and Atlas.ti qualitative analysis software. A total of 67 IDIs were conducted. Most participants had willingness to implement Robson classification if there were sufficient human resources and training. Limited human resources, heavy workloads, and infrastructure resources were the major challenges described that may hinder implementation. The focal person for data entry, analysis, or reporting could be differed according to the level of facility, availability of human resources, and ability to understand medical terms and statistics. The respondents mentioned the important role of policy enforcement for the sustainability of data collection, interpretation and feedback. The optimal review interval period could therefore differ according to the availability of responsible persons, and the number of births. However, setting a fixed schedule according to the specific hospital for continuous monitoring of CS rate is required. In Myanmar, implementation of Robson classification is feasible while key barriers mainly related to human resource and training must be addressed to sustain.
The nociceptive response induced by different classes of Tityus serrulatus neurotoxins: The important role of Ts5 in venom-induced nociception
Authors: Cerni Felipe , Oliveira Isadora , Cordeiro Francielle , Bordon Karla , Ferreira Isabela , Monteiro Wuelton , Arantes Eliane , Cunha Thiago , Pucca Manuela
Published: January 2023

Scorpion sting envenomations (SSE) are feared by the intense pain that they produce in victims. Pain from SSE is triggered mainly by the presence of neurotoxins in the scorpion venom that modulates voltage-gated ion channels. In Brazil, SSE is mostly caused by Tityus serrulatus, popularly known as yellow scorpion. Here, we evaluated experimental spontaneous nociception induced by T. serrulatus venom as well as its isolated neurotoxins Ts1, Ts5, Ts6, Ts8, and Ts19 frag II, evidencing different degrees of pain behavior in mice. In addition, we developed a mice-derived polyclonal antibody targeting Ts5 able to neutralize the effect of this neurotoxin, showing that Ts5 presents epitopes capable of activating the immune response, which decreased considerably the nociception produced by the whole venom. This is the pioneer study to explore nociception using different classes of T. serrulatus neurotoxins on nociception (α-NaTx, β-NaTx, α-KTx, and β-KTx), targeting potassium and sodium voltage-gated channels, besides demonstrating that Ts5 plays an important role in the scorpion sting induced-pain.
Prediction of venous thromboembolism incidence in the general adult population using two published genetic risk scores
Authors: Folsom Aaron R. , Tang Weihong , Hong Ching-Ping , Rosamond Wayne D. , Lane John A. , Cushman Mary , Pankratz Nathan
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Most strategies for prevention of venous thromboembolism focus on preventing recurrent events. Yet, primary prevention might be possible through approaches targeting the whole population or high-risk patients. To inform possible prevention strategies, population-based information on the ability of genetic risk scores to identify risk of incident venous thromboembolism is needed.

Materials and methods

We used proportional hazards regression to relate two published genetic risk scores (273-variants versus 5-variants) with venous thromboembolism incidence in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) cohort (n = 11,292), aged 45–64 at baseline, drawn from 4 US communities.

Results

Over a median of 28 years, ARIC identified 788 incident venous thromboembolism events. Incidence rates rose more than two-fold across quartiles of the 273-variant genetic risk score: 1.7, 2.7, 3.4 and 4.0 per 1,000 person-years. For White participants, age, sex, and ancestry-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) across quartiles were strong [1 (reference), 1.30 (0.99,1.70), 1.85 (1.43,2.40), and 2.58 (2.04,3.28)] but weaker for Black participants [1, 1.05 (0.63,1.75), 1.37 (0.84,2.22), and 1.32 (0.80,2.20)]. The 5-variant genetic risk score showed a less steep gradient, with hazard ratios in Whites of 1, 1.17 (0.89,1.54), 1.48 (1.14,1.92), and 2.18 (1.71,2.79). Models including the 273-variant genetic risk score plus lifestyle and clinical factors had a c-statistic of 0.67.

Conclusions

In the general population, middle-aged adults in the highest quartile of either genetic risk score studied have approximately two-fold higher risk of an incident venous thromboembolism compared with the lowest quartile. The genetic risk scores show a weaker association with venous thromboembolism for Black people.
Bacterial vs viral etiology of fever: A prospective study of a host score for supporting etiologic accuracy of emergency department physicians
Authors: Mor Meirav , Paz Meital , Amir Lisa , Levy Itzhak , Scheuerman Oded , Livni Gilat , Guetta-Oz Claire , Yochpaz Sivan , Berant Ron , Schwartz Rama , Niv Omer , Singer Dana , Ashkenazi Shai , Waisman Yehezkel
Published: January 2023

Background

A host-protein score (BV score) that combines the circulating levels of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and C-reactive protein (CRP) was developed for distinguishing bacterial from viral infection. This study assessed the potential of the BV score to impact decision making and antibiotic stewardship at the emergency department (ED), by comparing BV score’s performance to physician’s etiological suspicion at patient presentation.

Methods

Rosetta study participants, aged 3 months to 18 years with febrile respiratory tract infection or fever without source, were prospectively recruited in a tertiary care pediatric ED. 465 patients were recruited, 298 met eligibility criteria and 287 were enrolled. ED physician’s etiological suspicion was recorded in a questionnaire. BV score was measured retrospectively with results interpreted as viral, bacterial or equivocal and compared to reference standard etiology, which was adjudicated by three independent experts based on all available data. Experts were blinded to BV scores.

Results

Median age was 1.3 years (interquartile range 1.7), 39.7% females. 196 cases were reference standard viral and 18 cases were reference standard bacterial. BV score attained sensitivity of 88.9% (95% confidence interval: 74.4–100), specificity 92.1% (88.1–96.0), positive predictive value 53.3% (35.5–71.2) and negative predictive value 98.8% (97.1–100). Positive likelihood ratio was 11.18 (6.59–18.97) and negative likelihood ratio was 0.12 (0.03–0.45). The rate of BV equivocal scores was 9.4%. Comparing physician’s suspicion to BV score and to the reference standard, and assuming full adoption, BV score could potentially correct the physician’s diagnosis and reduce error ~2-fold, from 15.9% to 8.2%.

Conclusions

BV score has potential to aid the diagnostic process. Future studies are warranted to assess the impact of real-time BV results on ED practice.
Perception and classification of emotions in nonsense speech: Humans versus machines
Authors: Parada-Cabaleiro Emilia , Batliner Anton , Schmitt Maximilian , Schedl Markus , Costantini Giovanni , Schuller Björn
Published: January 2023

This article contributes to a more adequate modelling of emotions encoded in speech, by addressing four fallacies prevalent in traditional affective computing: First, studies concentrate on few emotions and disregard all other ones (‘closed world’). Second, studies use clean (lab) data or real-life ones but do not compare clean and noisy data in a comparable setting (‘clean world’). Third, machine learning approaches need large amounts of data; however, their performance has not yet been assessed by systematically comparing different approaches and different sizes of databases (‘small world’). Fourth, although human annotations of emotion constitute the basis for automatic classification, human perception and machine classification have not yet been compared on a strict basis (‘one world’). Finally, we deal with the intrinsic ambiguities of emotions by interpreting the confusions between categories (‘fuzzy world’). We use acted nonsense speech from the GEMEP corpus, emotional ‘distractors’ as categories not entailed in the test set, real-life noises that mask the clear recordings, and different sizes of the training set for machine learning. We show that machine learning based on state-of-the-art feature representations (wav2vec2) is able to mirror the main emotional categories (‘pillars’) present in perceptual emotional constellations even in degradated acoustic conditions.
Improving the energy efficiency of wood harvesting in Finland
Authors:   University of Eastern Finland, Faculty of Science and Forestry, School of Forest Sciences, Haavikko Hanna
Published: January 2023

To address the issue of climate change, the EU’s climate and energy framework has set targets to improve energy efficiency. Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions requires higher energy efficiency in the wood supply of forest industries. The aim of the study was to clarify the energy-efficiency baseline for wood-harvesting operations, define useful measures and follow up the total fuel consumption and resulting emissions. The results indicated that wood-harvesting entrepreneurs have a positive attitude towards energy efficiency. The fuel consumption of wood-harvesting machines was the lowest for the final fellings, while in first thinnings, the consumption was highest per cubic metre harvested. The average cubic metre-based fuel consumption and GHG emissions in respect of wood harvesting were more than double in the first thinning compared to the final felling. Better allocation of harvesting machines could reduce fuel consumption and GHG emissions while improving work efficiency. Hour-based fuel consumption is most affected by machines’ engine power and wood-harvesting conditions of forest stands. Fuel consumption per cut cubic metre is affected by wood-harvesting conditions and machine units. The calculated energy efficiency was highest in final fellings. A more significant factor than fuel consumption (input) is the amount of harvested wood (output) in the energy-efficiency equation. Energy efficiency can also be improved by operator education. Trucks which are used for harvesting-machine relocation have a significant impact on wood-harvesting operations' total fuel consumption and emissions. It is therefore essential to minimise the number of relocations and operational and resource planning should be developed. In the future, the examination of fuel consumption and GHG emissions should be extended to the entire wood-harvesting chain, including long-distance transportation and timber trade, and for example the effect of operator should be investigated in more detail.
Slow, slow, quick, quick, slow: the shifting dynamics of five altmetric sources observed over a decade
Authors: Taylor Michael
Published: January 2023

The attention surrounding research outputs, as partially captured by altmetrics, or alternative metrics, constitutes many varied forms of data. Each of these presents their own activity profile: varying by discipline, by year of publication and by time since published. Some attention accrues through activities that take a moment’s consideration; other attention sources take months or years of consideration and curation before being realized. These differences need to be accommodated by altmetric users. The study of temporal trends in altmetrics is under-developed, and this multi-year observation study addresses some of the deficits in our understanding of altmetric behaviour over time and the history of its development. From a set of 7739 papers sampled over the period 2008-2021 the growth of Mendeley and Twitter is confirmed, alongside an apparent decline in blogging attention. The Open Access Altmetric Advantage is seen to emerge and evolve over time, with each attention source showing different trends. The existence of late-emergent attention in all attention sources is confirmed. Policy attention is identified as the slowest form of impact studied by altmetrics, and one that strongly favours the Humanities and Social Sciences.
How is scholarly communication impacted by the shift to open access and are we equitably meeting the needs of the global community?
Authors: Stein Jenny , Kitchin Rebecca
Published: January 2023

Since the arrival of Plan S and the Open Access Movement, the academic community has had to adapt to changing methods of information dissemination in scholarly research. This transition to Open Access publishing models requires scholarly research funded by public or private grants to be published in Open Access journals or platforms. Research therefore becomes freely available for all with the barrier of paywalls being removed. However, researchers must now pay to publish their research and Publishers are free to increase article processing charges as they see fit. With access to funding being limited for scholars in some regions of the world, inequality in ability to access research has instead shifted towards inequality in ability to publish research. Publishers seek to address this inequity through comprehensive article processing charge waiver and discount policies for Open Access journals. In our poster presentation, we would like to discuss what is being done to address issues around inequity associated with Open Access publishing models across different fields of study.
Lessons Learned From Implementing an OA Management Platform: A Case Study by Emerald Publishing & ChronosHub
Authors: Reher Ida Sofie , Jagerhorn Martin , Allen Shelley
Published: January 2023

As a response to the growing complexities pervading the author’s journey toward OA publishing, many publishers are increasingly committed to raising the bar and creating fundamental standards to ensure a smoother, simplified author experience. Last year, Emerald Publishing and ChronosHub joined forces in a partnership committed to enhancing transparency, breaking down barriers, and supporting the authors’ transition toward a more open world.

With this presentation, we look back, reflect, and pass on our knowledge of our greatest learnings and insights obtained from the collaboration between Emerald Publishing and ChronosHub. We will explore how we managed to connect and collaborate to overcome the challenges and barriers – despite the fairly fragmented and disconnected world in which we still find ourselves. If these past years have taught us anything, it is that we rely on technology, innovation, and a strong community to ensure optimal collaboration and progress.

During the implementation, we have involved both researchers as well as other key actors from the research community in our processes in order to reach common understandings and ensure continuous progress in creating the best possible author experience.

We will also share how an OA Management platform can be leveraged for continuous learning about the customers and more pro-actively drive the publishing business. It will be a combination of applied and strategic perspectives around OA Management – from high-level visions and ambitions to concrete and hands-on recommendations.
The OA Effect - Value of Gold Open Access
Authors: Sule Sam
Published: January 2023

At Springer Nature, we see full (Gold) OA as the best, most complete and most sustainable route to achieving the goal of having all primary research immediately available. It is why, over the past twenty years, we have put transitioning to full OA for all of the primary research we publish at the heart of our business.

This poster will address the findings from our series of white papers which, over the past few years, have built and added to the growing body of evidence demonstrating the value of Gold OA and its identification as the version of the research researchers prefer to use.

Drawing on the analysis from those white papers, the poster will look at the analysis that shows a clear advantage in reach and impact for articles published OA in hybrid journals compared to non-OA articles in the same journals, as well as an advantage for full (Gold) OA articles compared to subscription articles where an earlier article version (such as an accepted manuscript or preprint) has been self-archived in an OA repository. It will also explore the evidence provided that researchers prefer to read and cite the article version of record (VOR) with the VOR being considered the most authoritative and credible source by the majority of researchers.
Statistical Review Board Shared Across Journals Portfolio
Authors: McCormack Sarah L.
Published: January 2023

Statistical methods in epidemiology, genetics, machine learning, and other fields overlapping with nutrition research are evolving rapidly. The editors for the American Society for Nutrition’s (ASN) 4 journals found that statisticians’ expertise was often outdated or unavailable on the peer review platform. Statisticians also appeared to decline review invitations or submit late reviews at a higher rate than other reviewers. To increase ASN editors’ access to qualified statistical reviewers, a shared, paid Statistical Review Board (SRB) was created.

Applicants were recruited beginning in September 2018 based on Editorial Board recommendations and self-identified expertise of existing authors and reviewers. Criteria across ASN’s journals were established for when an SRB review was required compared with recommended. In July 2019, 18 SRB members were appointed for a pilot term of 1-year and paid at the same rate as Associate Editors. After 1 year, ASN’s Board of Directors approved making the SRB permanent based on editor feedback and financial data. ASN editors renewed a subset of the SRB members based on number of manuscripts reviewed, compliance with deadlines, and Editorial Board feedback.

This poster will report data on SRB performance. It will also include qualifications and fields of SRB members, methods to establish uniform expectations for reviews, management of payments and workload, as well as author and editor feedback. This poster will be a mixed-learning poster appropriate for editors, society staff, and publishers.
Publishing’s Next Top Model: measuring success of new business models
Authors: Field Georgie , Utterback Andy
Published: January 2023

For decades, publishers have relied on Article Processing Charges (APCs) to fund Open Access (OA) scholarship. However, this method has been criticized as creating unequal opportunities to participate in OA publishing. In response, many publishers have introduced new business models in an attempt to both widen access to OA publishing for all researchers, and to diversify their revenue streams.

In a mixed-model economy there will inevitably be solutions that are more successful than others, but how should we approach measuring success when there are so many different motivations at playü

Success with these new models will look different depending on the outcome that the publisher is hoping to achieve. For a ‘pay-as-you-publish’ type of model, “success” is to receive sufficient revenue to cover cost and make a profit. But what if the primary motivation for the model is to make publishing more equitable for authors, regardless of their funding situationü This challenge pushes publishers to assess the usefulness of their standard metrics, to generate new metrics, and to be willing to adjust if the information is insufficient.

In order to explore these themes this poster presents four different business models from PLOS; APCs, Community Action Publishing, Global Equity, and a flat payment model. Each model has a different motivation, different measures of success, and different challenges. We hope to open a conversation around the challenges of measuring success, and share lessons learned with other organisations looking to make the leap of launching a new model.
Eficiência de diferentes herbicidas na dessecação de área em pousio
Authors: Guimarães Neto Izonel Carneiro , Côrrea Fernando Rezende , Silva Nelmício Furtado da , Cavalcante Wendson Soares da Silva , Ribeiro Daniele Ferreira , Rodrigues Estevão
Published: January 2023

Partindo da hipótese de que a mistura entre mais de uma molécula de herbicida proporciona um controle eficiente das plantas daninhas, objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar moléculas de herbicidas para o controle de plantas daninhas no manejo de dessecação em áreas de pousio para a semeadura de culturas de interesse. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da MRE Agropesquisa – Rio Verde, Estado de Goiás, Brasil. O delineamento utilizado foi o delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC) com 11 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos por: Capina (T1); Sem capina (T2); Glifosato (T3); Diquat (T4); Diquat + Glifosato (T5); Saflufenacil (T6); Saflufenacil + Glifosato (T7); Glufosinate (T8); Glufosinate + Glifosato (T9); Carfentrazone (T10) e Carfentrazone + Glifosato (T11). As avaliações de controle das plantas daninhas foram realizadas aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após aplicação, por avaliação visual com a atribuição de notas por meio da escala SBCPD. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância p < 0,05 e os casos de significância foram submetidos ao teste de média Tukey p < 0,05. As combinações dos herbicidas Carfentrazone + Glifosato e Glufosinate + Glifosato apresentaram um controle mais eficiente no controle de plantas daninhas.
Utilização do paracetamol no tratamento da dengue e o comprometimento do fígado: revisão
Authors: Pinheiro Maria Jucileide dos Santos , Santos Jacqueline da Silva Guimarães dos , Dantas Luciana Arantes
Published: January 2023

A dengue é uma doença viral que, especialmente na América do Sul, tornou-se um considerável problema de saúde pública. Dependendo da gravidade, entre os diversos efeitos da doença no organismo, encontra-se a lesão hepática em vários níveis de comprometimento. Febre, dor de cabeça e dor no corpo em pessoas com dengue são sintomas para os quais os órgãos da saúde recomendam medicações analgésicas. O paracetamol é um medicamento que, a depender da dosagem, pode afetar o órgão hepático humano. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é apresentar relação entre o paracetamol, a dengue e problemas hepáticos que podem ser desencadeados pela referida medicação. Verifica-se que grande parte dos estudos ainda não contemplam alternativas de uso sobre os medicamentos já existentes. São trabalhos que ainda reforçam ser o paracetamol, mesmo diante de possíveis danos, uma opção considerável para alívio dos sintomas de dengue. Foi possível compreender os riscos do uso de outros medicamentos para os sintomas da dengue, como também a atuação efetiva da população e do governo na prevenção da doença, por meio de campanhas e políticas públicas.
Why social media use is so attractive among young people in the 21st century?
Authors: Çınar Selin
Published: January 2023

Social media is another indispensable communication tool of this era. There are approximately three billion social media users in the world, and these users spend at least two hours a day on platforms. It is certain and indisputable that social media has an important place in our lives. In particular, emerging trends especially attract the attention of the "Z generation" (those born in 2000 and after). Young people who try the trends that appear on screen in an effort to become phenomena lead their lives according to the ideals of others. So, the goal of this research is to examine the psychological effects of social media using behavior. Because the effect of social media is seen even in the way young people who spend time in front of their phones and tablets speak, in their movements, and in their attitudes towards their family and friends. In addition, analyzing which factors make social media attractive to the young population. Because when young people are socializing—that is, when they follow new trends, make friends, and discover the events around them—this research paper will present which events or influences make them more attractive on social media.
Uso de Glufosinato de Amônio e Diquat em dessecação de campo na cultura de soja
Authors: Carmo Gleidson Lino do , Cabral Filho Fernando Rodrigues , Andrade Christiano Lima Lobo de , Teixeira Marconi Batista , Alves Daniely Karen Matias
Published: January 2023

A união entre moléculas de dois tipos de herbicidas em dessecação de soja, como Diquat e Glufosinato de Amônio pode influenciar positivamente e negativamente nas culturas. Foram utilizados quatro cultivares de ciclos fisiologicos diferentes, Neo-790, Neo-710, 74I77 Foco e Olimpo. Os campos de sementes foram dessecados no estadio fisiologico R7.3 onde a planta se encontrava em estado de senescência, com a dosagem recomenda de 1 L/ha-1. Foi realizada avaliação de qualidade de sementes dos dois herbicidas após sua armazenagem e ensaios para tetrazolio; germinação em papel; germinação em areia e envelhecimento acelerado em 24 h. Os testes foram realizados após oito meses de armazenamento, e o mesmo, mostrou que não houve queda significativa na qualidade fisiologica da semente. Os herbicidas, Glufosinato de Amônio e Diquat em dessecação de campo sobre os três cultivares de semente de soja, não demonstram sinergismo negativo sobre as misturas e também para os processos de qualidade vigor e germinação uma vez que, usado somente para a uniformidade do campo e não para a antecipação da cultura.
Comparative analysis of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of red, blue, and black tea for health benefits
Authors: Patel Sanjana , Dey Rohit , Verma Khushi , Deshbhratar Radha , Maru Kamal Kishore , Sharma Porshia , Limaye Rashmi , Puri Payal
Published: January 2023

The current COVID-19 predicament necessitates a greater emphasis on developing immunity. Herbal teas are abundant in antioxidants which are important for strengthening the immune system. Hot water decoction of Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers (red tea), Clitoria ternatea flowers (blue tea) and commercially available black tea were evaluated by comparing for in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Anthocyanin pigment in red, blue, and black tea demonstrated Rf values of 0.52, 0.86 and 0.78 respectively. Blue and black teas exhibited dominance of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, terpenoids, saponins as compared to red tea. The highest total phenolic (12.25 ± 0.245 mg GAE/gm extract-1) and flavonoid (15.84 ± 0.268mg QE/gm extract-1) content were observed with black and blue tea respectively. Blue tea, and black tea extracts exhibited FRPA values of 1.81 ± 0.413 mg and 1.93 ± 0.178 mg AAE per gram extract-1 respectively. Black tea exhibits the highest antioxidant capacity in reducing molybdate ions (1.94 ± 0.354 mg AAE per gram extract-1) followed by blue tea (1.56 ± 0.199 mg AAE per gram extract-1). Blue tea extract at a very low concentration showed highest percentage hemolytic inhibition (57.14 ± 0.567%). According to the study, blue tea is a rich source of antioxidants with significant anti-inflammatory properties. The research may offer a valuable supplementary strategyfor its therapeutic applications.
Real-World Evidence of Tofacinitib in Ulcerative Colitis: Short-Term and Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety
Authors: Chaparro María , Acosta Diana , Rodríguez Cristina , Mesonero Francisco , Vicuña Miren , Barreiro-de Acosta Manuel , Fernández-Clotet Agnès , Hernández Martínez Álvaro , Arroyo Maite , Vera Isabel , Ruiz-Cerulla Alexandra , Sicilia Beatriz , Cabello Tapia M. José , Muñoz Villafranca Carmen , Castro-Poceiro Jesús , Martínez Cadilla Jesús , Sierra-Ausín Mónica , Vázquez Morón Juan María , Vicente Lidón Raquel , Bermejo Fernando , Royo Vanesa , Calafat Margalida , González-Muñoza Carlos , Leo Carnerero Eduardo , Manceñido Marcos Noemi , Torrealba Leyanira , Alonso-Galán Horacio , Benítez José Manuel , Ber Nieto Yolanda , Diz-Lois Palomares M. Teresa , García María José , Muñoz José Fernando , Armesto González Edisa María , Calvet Xavier , Hernández-Camba Alejandro , Madrigal Domínguez Rosa Eva , Menchén Luis , Pérez Calle José Lázaro , Piqueras Marta , Dueñas Sadornil Carmen , Botella Belén , Martínez-Pérez Teresa de Jesús , Ramos Laura , Rodríguez-Grau María Carmen , San Miguel Elena , Fernández Forcelledo José Luis , Fradejas Salazar Paola María , García-Sepulcre Marifé , Gutiérrez Ana , Llaó Jordina , Sesé Abizanda Eva , Boscá-Watts Maia , Iyo Eduardo , Keco-Huerga Alma , Martínez Bonil Carmen , Peña González Elena , Pérez-Galindo Pablo , Varela Pilar , Gisbert Javier P. ,   on Behalf of To-ReWard Study Group
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:

The objective of this study was to assess the durability, short-term and long-term effectiveness, and safety of tofacitinib in ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical practice.

METHODS:

This is a retrospective multicenter study including patients with UC who had received the first tofacitinib dose at least 8 weeks before the inclusion. Clinical effectiveness was based on partial Mayo score.

RESULTS:

A total of 408 patients were included. Of them, 184 (45%) withdrew tofacitinib during follow-up (mean = 18 months). The probability of maintaining tofacitinib was 67% at 6 m, 58% at 12 m, and 49% at 24 m. The main reason for tofacitinib withdrawal was primary nonresponse (44%). Older age at the start of tofacitinib and a higher severity of clinical activity were associated with tofacitinib withdrawal. The proportion of patients in remission was 38% at week 4, 45% at week 8, and 47% at week 16. Having moderate-to-severe vs mild disease activity at baseline and older age at tofacitinib start were associated with a lower and higher likelihood of remission at week 8, respectively. Of 171 patients in remission at week 8, 83 (49%) relapsed. The probability of maintaining response was 66% at 6 m and 54% at 12 m. There were 93 adverse events related to tofacitinib treatment (including 2 pulmonary thromboembolisms [in patients with risk factors] and 2 peripheral vascular thrombosis), and 29 led to tofacitinib discontinuation.

DISCUSSION:

Tofacitinib is effective in both short-term and long-term in patients with UC. The safety profile is similar to that previously reported.
Cardiac Vagal Regulation Is Impeded in Children With Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome
Authors: Kolacz Jacek , Kovacic Katja , Dang Linh , Li B U.K. , Lewis Gregory F. , Porges Stephen W.
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:

The pathophysiology underlying cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) remains undefined. Scant data and distinct clinical features point to altered autonomic nervous system function. Autonomic signaling can be noninvasively assessed through cardiac indices of parasympathetic vagal regulation, which is reduced in children with disorders of gut-brain interaction. We aimed to examine dynamic cardiac vagal regulation in children with CVS compared with that in healthy controls (HC).

METHODS:

A total of 31 children with CVS evaluated in a tertiary care CVS center and 66 HC (ages 8–18 years) underwent cardiac autonomic function assessment. Electrocardiogram recordings were conducted during 3-minute sit/stand/sit posture challenges. The electrocardiogram-derived variables heart period, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and vagal efficiency (VE) were analyzed using linear regression and mixed-effects modeling.

RESULTS:

After exclusion of medication confounders, 23 patients with CVS were included in analyses. Both groups were comparable in age, gender, and body mass index. Compared with HC, children with CVS had shorter heart period (standardized mean difference range: 1.15–1.22, all P values < 0.05) and lower RSA (SMD range: 0.66–0.88, all P values < 0.05). Patients with CVS had significantly lower VE during the entire course of posture shifts, compared with HC (B = −19.87, SE = 6.95, t = −2.86, P = 0.005, SMD = 0.76).

DISCUSSION:

Children with CVS have suboptimal parasympathetic autonomic regulation compared with HC, indexed by reduced RSA and VE, even during their interepisodic well phase. Abnormal vagal modulation may underlie CVS pathophysiology, comorbidities, and triggers. Assessing VE during posture stressors could inform therapeutic interventions.
Chronic kidney disease intervention in primary health care: integrative review
Authors: Forin Paes Andyara Thalissa , Barbieri Ana Rita , Insabralde de Queiroz Cardoso Andréia , Ferreira Júnior Marcos Antônio
Published: January 2023

To analyze the knowledge and safety of primary health care professionals in the management of chronic kidney disease in its early stages. Integrative literature review carried out in four steps. The search took place in the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and BVS. The descriptors used were “Primary Health Care” AND “Kidney Diseases” AND “Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice” and the quality of the analysis was checked by means of the Hierarchy of Evidence for Intervention Studies”. Fifteen articles were found, with a predominance of qualitative and descriptive method; the results showed insufficient knowledge of health professionals and interest in the best approach in the initial stage of the disease. Thus, it is inferred that the knowledge and security of primary health care professionals depend on individual factors and institutional initiative for the adoption of clinical guidelines and training. Therefore, prepared professionals and organized care, using protocols, would bring benefits both to patients as to the evolution and outcome of the disease and  savings to health services.
Changes in body composition of Wistar rats: effects of high-intensity interval training
Authors: Marques Vieira-Souza Lucio , J Aidar Felipe , Lopes dos Santos Jymmys , Kalinine Eduardo , Aline Lima Rodrigues Jhennyfer , Uilien de Oliveira José , Denielle Matos dos Santos Jéssica , Getirana Mota Márcio , Waleska dos Santos  , Carlos Marçal Anderson
Published: January 2023

The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in the body composition of Wistar rats. The HIIT protocol consisted of high-intensity swimming three times a week for four weeks. There were no differences between groups as to the Lee index. However, the weights of the perigonadal (p=0.001) and retroperitoneal (p=0.026) fats were significantly different between the Control Group (CG, n=10) vs. Trained Group (TG, n=10), respectively. There was also a significant increase in the body weight of the animals in TG (16.43%) and CG (7.19%) at the end of the experiment. These findings suggested that HIIT was not sufficient to improve significantly the body composition of rats.
Giant Aneurysm of Left Main Coronary Artery in a Patient With Prior Operation for 4-Valve Endocarditis
Authors: Abudayyeh Islam , Tankazyan Hambik , Heimes Jessica , Rabkin David G. , Razzouk Anees J.
Published: January 2023

Left main coronary artery aneurysm is an unusual complication of infective endocarditis. Although this type of aneurysm is often asymptomatic, rupture and thrombus formation that result in myocardial infarction are known complications; therefore, prompt recognition and surgical intervention are warranted. This report describes a patient who presented with a giant left main coronary artery aneurysm 3.5 years after being treated for 4-valve endocarditis. The management and technical aspects of this challenging case are discussed here.
PENGUKURAN KUALITAS LAYANAN BERDASARKAN DIMENSI SERVICE QUALITY (SERVQUAL) DENGAN METODE ZONE OF TOLERANCE (ZOT) DAN KANO PADA PET WORLD
Authors: Rahmawati Dewi , Aulawi Hilmi , Kurniawati Rina
Published: January 2023

Pet World merupakan salah satu jasa pelayanan kebutuhan hewan peliharaan yang berada di Kabupaten Garut, namun pemenuhan tingkat kepuasan pelanggan belum dapat dilakukan secara optimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat layanan berdasarkan pada dimensi kualitas yang diberikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan serta menghasilkan usulan perbaikan untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan pada Pet World. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Mix Method dimana data kualitatif dilakukan untuk menguji validitas dan reliabilitas. Sedangkan data kuantitatif digunakan untuk pengolahan metode Servqual untuk mengukur kepuasan pelanggan, metode ZOT untuk mengukur apakah pelayanan masih dalam batas toleransi, dan metode kano untuk mengukur prioritas.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa atribut layanan yang tidak memuaskan atau atribut yang memiliki gap score negatif yaitu dua atribut pada dimensi tangibles dalam segi kenyamanan dan keamanan, satu atribut pada dimensi reliability pada segi ketepatan dalam produk serta satu atribut pada dimensi responsivenes pada segi akses informasi. Selain itu, metode Servqual, ZOT, dan Kano relevan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan karena pada metode ini mengukur kualitas layanan berdasarkan pada dimensi kualitasnya serta berorientasi pada kepuasan pelanggan. Abstract[Measurement of Service Quality Based on Service Quality (Servqual) Dimensions With Zone of Tolerance (ZOT) and Kano on Pet World] Pet World is one of the services for pet needs in Garut Regency, but the fulfillment of the customer satisfaction level has not been optimal. The purpose of this study was to know the level of service based on the dimensions of quality provided to customer satisfaction and to produce suggestions for improvements to improve service quality at Pet World. This study used a Mix Method approach. The Qualitative data was used to test the validity and reliability. The quantitative data was used for processing the Servqual method to measure customer satisfaction, the ZOT method to measure whether the service is still within tolerance limits, and the Kano method to measure priority. The results showed unsatisfactory service attributes or attributes with a negative gap score were two attributes on the tangibles dimension in terms of comfort and security, one on the reliability dimension in terms of product accuracy, and one on the responsiveness dimension in terms of access to information. In addition, the Servqual, ZOT, and Kano methods are relevant to the research conducted because this method measures service quality based on its dimensions and does orient to customer satisfaction.Keywords: Kano; Mix Method; service quality; zone of tolerance
The Democratic Challenge of Central Bank Credit Policies
Authors: Monnet Eric
Published: January 2023

This article provides a framework for understanding the economic role of central banks and their democratic legitimacy. I argue that thinking about the democratic challenges of central banking requires considering central banks’ insurance role and how their actions are part of credit policy. The contract between the central bank and the sovereign is incomplete because it cannot integrate all unforeseen contingencies, distributive consequences and interactions with other policies. This opens the door to viewing the legitimacy of central bank decisions through a process of deliberation, coordination and reflexivity, rather than only a delegation of power. I discuss a proposal for a European Credit Council, which would be a deliberative body aimed at strengthening Parliamentary power on monetary and credit policies, the democratic legitimacy of central bank policy in the Euro Area as well as its coordination with other European policies. More coordination, Parliamentary power and deliberation are consistent with central bank independence and aim to delimit more precisely the action of central banks within the macroeconomic and credit policies of the State.
The Changing Determinants of Juvenile Crime
Authors: Belley Philippe , Castex Gonzalo , Dechter Evgenia
Published: January 2023

Following decades of increasing crime rates in the U.S., crime participation declined substantially throughout the 1990s, and have remained low in the 2000s. Using the 1979 and 1997 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we identify the determinants of criminal involvement and antisocial behavior. In the 1980s compared to the 2000s, youth from disadvantaged family backgrounds, those with lower skills, and those in urban areas were more disproportionately represented in crime participation. Our results suggest that most of the decline in crime is related to changes in the socio-economic environment and public policy shifts.