bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of lymph node metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma by machine learning algorithm classifiers
Authors: Li Guosheng , Li Changqian , Liu Jun , Peng Huajian , Lu Shuyu , Wei Donglin , Guo Jianji , Wang Meijing , Yang Nuo
Published: December 2023

Background:

Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is an essential factor affecting the prognosis of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), as well as a critical consideration for the choice of treatment strategy. Exploring effective methods for predicting LNM in LUSC may benefit clinical decision making.

Materials and Methods:

We used data collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to develop machine learning algorithm classifiers, including boosted trees (BTs), based on the primary clinical parameters of patients to predict LNM in LUSC. Training on a large-sample training cohort (n = 8,063) allowed for the construction of several concise classifiers for LNM prediction in LUSC, which were then validated using test and in-house cohorts (n = 2,017 and 57, respectively).

Results:

The six classifiers established in this research enabled distinction between patients with and without LNM. Among these classifiers, the BT classifier was the top performer, with accuracy, F1 scores, precision, recall, sensitivity, and specificity values of 0.654, 0.621, 0.654, 0.592, 0.592, and 0.711, respectively. The precision recall (PR) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) (with area under the curve = 0.714) curves also supported this result, which was validated by the in-house cohort. Notably, the tumor stage was a critical factor in determining LNM in patients with LUSC.

Conclusions:

The use of classifiers, especially the BT classifier, may serve as a useful tool for improving clinical precision and individualized treatment of patients with LUSC.
The triple-drug combination DBDx enhances the antitumor efficacy of PD-1 antibody associated with Treg modulation
Authors: Shan Chuankun , Wang Yuexuan , Li Yi , Yang Siqi , Sheng Weijin , Liu Xiujun
Published: December 2023

Objective:

This study investigated the antitumor efficacy of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) antibody and DBDx, a triple-drug combination of dipyridamole, bestatin, and dexamethasone, and their related immunomodulation.

Materials and Methods:

Mouse melanoma B16, mouse Lewis lung carcinoma, and mouse breast carcinoma 4T1 were used for evaluating thein vivotherapeutic efficacy of DBDx, PD-1 antibody, and their combination. The peripheral blood and tumor tissues of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice were collected to analyze regulatory T cells and measured using flow cytometry.

Results:

The combination of PD-1 antibody and DBDx enhanced the therapeutic efficacy against B16 melanoma. The suppression of tumor growth by PD-1 antibody and DBDx was more significant than that by anti-PD-1 monotherapy. The tumor growth inhibition rates of PD-1 antibody, DBDx, and their combination were 54.0%, 72.4%, and 83.1%, respectively, suggesting a synergistic effect as determined by the coefficient of drug interaction. No significant changes were found in the body weights in all the above groups, indicating that the treated mice tolerated the applied drug doses. Similarly, enhanced therapeutic efficacy of the PD-1 antibody and DBDx combination was observed in murine Lewis lung carcinoma and 4T1 breast cancer models. In 4T1 breast cancer-bearing mice, the immunotherapy-related changes in lymphocytes in peripheral blood and tumor microenvironment were evaluated with flow cytometry. Compared with anti-PD-1 monotherapy, peripheral blood and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were found a lower ratio of regulatory T cell (Treg) subset cells and a higher ratio of CD8+/Treg cells.

Conclusions:

The combination of PD-1 antibody and DBDx could achieve enhanced therapeutic antitumor efficacy than anti-PD-1 monotherapy, suggesting potential for using the triple-drug combination DBDx in cancer immunotherapy.
Dosimetry of intensity-modulated radiation therapy and volumetric-modulated arc therapy techniques after modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer and hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy
Authors: Lin Hongxiao , Sheng Xuren , Liu Haowu , Zhang Peng , Liu Yunqin , Zang Chunbao
Published: December 2023

Objective:

The aim of this study was to compare the advantages and disadvantages of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in patients with left-sided breast cancer who underwent hypofractionated IMRT after a modified radical mastectomy.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty patients who required adjuvant radiotherapy after modified radical mastectomy were randomly selected, and a specified dose of 43.5 Gy/15 F was used to plan for IMRT or VMAT. Dose–volume histograms (DVHs) were utilized to evaluate the dose distribution of the planning target volumes (PTVs) and organs at risk (OARs).

Results:

VMAT demonstrated a greater and more uniform dose distribution of PTVs and lower number of monitor units. No significant differences were found in V5 of the affected lung and heart between the two techniques (P > 0.05). The V10, V20, V30, and Dmean of the affected lung and V10, V20, V30, V40, Dmean, and Dmax of the whole heart were better in the VMAT than in the IMRT (P < 0.05). The Dmean and Dmax of the left anterior descending (LAD) branch of the coronary artery of the heart were better in the VMAT (P < 0.05), and the use of the VMAT effectively reduced the cardiopulmonary dose. A significant advantage of V30 and Dmean was also found in VMAT (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

These findings indicate that VMAT has higher clinical significance than IMRT, because it improved the dose distribution in the target area, reduced the cardiopulmonary dose, protected the OARs (e.g. thyroid), and shortened the treatment duration.
Predictors of death in hospitalized elderly patients with COVID-19 in Mashhad, Iran, in 2021: A historical cohort study
Authors: Biniaz Vajihe , Safavi Alireza Afshari , Zamani Forogh , Rahnama Mozhgan , Abdollahimohammad Abdolghani , Ildarabadi Eshagh
Published: December 2023

Objective:

The present study aimed to identify predictive factors for mortality among elderly individuals infected with COVID-19.

Methods and Materials:

This historical cohort study was conducted from July to December 2021 in the specialized departments for COVID-19 patients at one of the hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. Data were collected from the medical records of 404 elderly patients. Sampling was conducted using the convenience sampling method. Data were gathered through a demographic and clinical checklist developed by the researcher. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyze the data.

Results:

The mortality rate among elderly individuals was 25% (n = 101). Multiple regression analysis revealed significant associations between mortality and age (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38, 0.88; P = 0.011), level of consciousness (HR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.50; P < 0.001), and SpO2 (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.92; P = 0.022). The probability of survival after the 19th day of hospitalization was 50%.

Conclusions:

Determining predictors of death allows for early identification of elderly individuals at risk and enables the health-care team to provide more effective care, ultimately saving the lives of elderly individuals by allocating appropriate facilities and equipment.
Occupation-related airborne diseases: Management and prevention of tuberculosis among nurses working in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Olorunfemi Olaolorunpo , Samuel Damilola , Adebiyi Joseph Adekunle , Akindipe Adewole Peter , Tijani Wakeel Adelani
Published: December 2023

Objective:

More health workers die from infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB) than from any other infectious agent, so the current study is designed to assess TB treatment and preventive measures as they relate to nursing care practice.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 82 nurses from December 2022 to January 2023. The data were collected through a self-developed questionnaire and analyzed by frequency table and analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistics.

Results:

The researchers found that nurses have sufficient knowledge on Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) policy, but not all nurses follow this management protocol, and the reason for their action is addressed in this study. The management and preventive measures used by the participants were identified as: proper cough etiquette/hygiene, working in a well-ventilated area, use of mask, appropriate disposal of used items and so on was reported. Moreover, this study also discovered that there is a positive correlation between nurses who had received training in IPC policy and their use of airborne preventive measures for TB patients (F = 1.87, P = 0.002) as well as a positive correlation between the availability of resources and their adherence to the proper use of airborne preventive measures when caring for TB patients (F = 1.96, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

We proposed infection and control training for nurses and adequate equipment supplies to the TB ward which are required in quick TB diagnosis, and must be carried out on a regular basis by health-care personnel, for efficient nursing practice. Ensuring proper safety equipment and isolation units should be available and assessable for nurses or other health workers showing sign or symptoms of TB. Similarly, it is necessary for government to put in place the control and regulations that will safeguard nurses and mandate them to adopt TB prevention protocols, which will aid in lowering the prevalence of TB among nurses.
The Relationship of Mother’s Perception Of Exclusive Breast Feeding at Pomalaa Health Center
Authors: Muliani Muliani , Rosjidi Cholic Harun , Abadi Ellyani , Uksim Muhammad
Published: December 2023

The number of exclusive breastfeeding globally, although there has been an increase, this number has not increased significantly. One of the factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding is the value or attitude of the mother. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mothers’ perceptions and exclusive breastfeeding at the Pomalaa Health Center. This research was carried out at the Pomalaa Health Center in June 2022 involving a sample of 51 respondents. The sampling technique used is the Saturated Sampling technique. Data collection used a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test with the help of a computer. The results showed that 21 people (41.2%) gave exclusive breastfeeding and 30 people (58.8%) did not and 25 people (49%) had good perceptions and 26 people (51 %) had poor perceptions and there was a relationship between mothers' perceptions of exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of the Pomalaa Health Center based on a ρ value of 0.001 (<0.05). It is recommended that mothers add insight regarding the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding for both children and mothers.
Çağdaş Sanatta Alıntılamaya Bağlı Yeniden Üretimde Video Tekniğinin Kullanımı
Authors: GÜNGÖR Dİ SAVİNO Ayşe
Published: December 2023

Postmodern dönemde sanat alanında birçok yenilikler ortaya çıkmış, sanatçılar, bilindik kabullerin dışında eserler ortaya koymuşlardır. Yeniden üretim tekniği olan alıntılamanın da bu yöntemlerden biri haline geldiği görülür. Geleneksel üslup ile yapılmış tarihe mal olmuş çalışmaları, yaşadıkları çağın araçlarını kullanarak manipüle ederler. 1960’lardan sonra teknolojik araçların yaygın hale gelmesi sonucu sanatçıların bu tür araçlara yöneldikleri gözlemlenir. Özellikle1960'ların sonlarına doğru videonun ortaya çıkışı sanatın ilerleyişini kökten değiştirir. İki boyutlu yüzeylerin ötesinde şok eden eserler yaratılır. Hareketli görüntü, ses ve zaman kavramından oluşan video çalışmaları, yeniden üretim aracı olarak sanatçıların tercih ettiği yöntemlerden biri haline geldiği gözlemlenir. Estetik deneyim ile teknoloji arasındaki ilişkinin analizini gerekli kılan bu çoklu ortam anlayışı ve gerçekleştirme paradigması, biçimlerin melezleşmesine neden olur.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, geleneksel yöntem ile üretilen sanat eserlerinden alıntılama yaparak video aracılığı ile yeniden üretilmesi bu araştırmanın konusunu oluşturur. Video ile üretim yapan Bill Viola, Ulrike Rosenbach, Özlem Şimşek ‘in çalışmalarının sembolik bir sentezi gibi görünen birer eserleri seçilerek çalışmaları üzerinden niteliksel araştırma yöntemlerinden gözlem ve yorumlama yöntemiyle alıntılama yapılan eserlerde, video tekniğinin kullanımı değerlendirilmiştir. Video tekniği, çağdaş sanatın yaşamsal formu haline gelmesi nedeniyle sanatçılar kendini tanımanın bir yolu olarak daha çok duyusal algıyı ön plana çıkardığı söylenebilir. Onların amaçları, eserlerinde salt görünüş sunmaktan ziyade hissettikleri duygu ve deneyimleri izleyiciye aktarmaktır. Çalışmalarını geleneksel estetik kategorilere indirgemek yerine yeni olgulara yönelen yapıt kavramı ile imgenin durumuna ilişkin bir inceleme sunmaktır. Bu anlamda çalışmaları incelenen Sanatçıların da videoyu çalışmalarının merkezine koyarak deneysel alanda çalışmalar yaptığı görülür. Çünkü, video sanatçılar için heterojen bir araştırma alanı açar. Video tekniği ile yeni bir dil geliştiren bu çağdaş sanatçılar, geleneksel sanat ile bu şekilde diyalog başlatarak, günümüz izleyicisine yeni karşılaşmalar sunarlar.
Invasive Aspergillosis Mimicking Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Jang Soo-Im , Park Seong Yeon , Choi Sungim , Lee Eun-Ja , Park Soo-Hyun , Kim Nam-Hee
Published: December 2023

Invasive fungal infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Invasive fungal sinusitis can present as a Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) or orbital apex, leading to frequent misdiagnosis. Accurate diagnosis of fungal infection invading the cavernous sinus or orbital apex is essential to reduce mortality through early antifungal treatment and reduce the risk of worsening with steroid treatment due to misdiagnosis of THS. Herein, we report a case of invasive fungal sinusitis mimicking THS.
Estimating Macronutrient Content of Paddy Soil Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Technology Using Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Jonni Firdaus  , Usman Ahmad  , I Wayan Budiastra  , I Dewa Made Subrata
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the feasibility of employing near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with multiple linear regression (MLR) to estimate macronutrients in paddy soil compared with partial least squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR). Seventy-nine soil samples from West Java Province, Indonesia, are subject to conventional nutrient analysis and NIR spectroscopy (1000-2500 nm). The reflectance data undergoes various pretreatment techniques, and MLR models are calibrated using the forward method to achieve correlations exceeding 0.90. The best model calibrations are selected based on high correlation coefficients, determination coefficients, RPD, and low RMSE values. Meanwhile, the comparison of performance MLR is made with the PLS and PCR models. Results indicate that simple MLR models perform less than PLS for all nutrients, better than PCR for nitrogen, and below PCR for phosphorus and potassium. However, MLR reliably estimates soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content with ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) exceeding 2.0. This study demonstrates the potential of MLR for precise macronutrient estimation in paddy soil.
Prilagodba monetarne politike eurosustava za vrijeme kriza
Authors: Varović Mario
Published: December 2023

U članku se istražuje na koji se način monetarna politika Eurosustava prilagođavala u krizama. Obuhvaćene su sve četiri velike krize od osnivanja Europske središnje banke 1999. do danas (globalna ekonomska kriza, kriza europskog javnog duga, kriza zbog pandemije koronavirusa i kriza zbog rusko-ukrajinskog rata). Pozornost je najviše usmjerena na recentno troipolgodišnje razdoblje od početka 2020. do sredine 2023., koje obuhvaća veliku krizu zbog pandemije koronavirusa, na koju se nastavila kriza zbog rusko-ukrajinskog rata. Cilj je istraživanja utvrditi u kojoj je mjeri Eurosustav koristio standardne instrumente, a zbog čega je uvodio nove nestandardne mjere monetarne politike. Od nestandardnih mjera monetarne politike Eurosustava osobito je istaknuta kupnja vrijednosnih papira. Napravljena je analiza odabranih bilančnih pozicija iz konsolidirane bilance Eurosustava, koje odražavaju primjenu najvažnijih instrumenata i mjera monetarne politike Eurosustava. Metodama sinteze i komparacije rezultati te analize uspoređeni su i povezani s kretanjem najvažnijih monetarnih makroekonomskih varijabli, a to su referentna kamatna stopa Europske središnje banke, najširi monetarni agregat i stopa inflacije europodručja.
The contribution of Academician A.V. Ryndina to the study of ancient Russian and modern church art
Authors: Островская Т.А.
Published: December 2023

В статье автор анализирует научные труды доктора искусствоведения, профессора, заслуженного деятеля искусств Российской Федерации, художника Анны Вадимовны Рындиной, посвященные сложению иконографии, технике изготовления, анализу стиля, атрибуции предметов древнерусской мелкой пластики XIV–XV веков и деревянной церковной скульптуре XIV–XVIII веков. Целью работы является обобщение, анализ и оценка вклада академика А.В. Рындиной в развитие научного понимания древнерусского и церковного искусства Нового времени. Для достижения этой цели проведен обзор и анализ научных публикаций, монографий и статей, написанных искусствоведом, а также реализованных ею научно-просветительских проектов.

The article presents an analysis of the scientific heritage of Anna Vadimovna Ryndina, Doctor of Art History, Professor, Honoured Art Worker of the Russian Federation, artist. The aim of the work is to analyse and evaluate the contribution of Academician A.V. Ryndina to the development of scientific understanding of Old Russian and church art of the new time. To achieve this goal, the author reviews and analyses scientific publications, monographs and articles written by the art historian, as well as scientific and educational projects implemented by her, devoted to the development of iconography, production techniques, style analysis, and attribution of objects of Old Russian fine plastic art of the 14th – 15th centuries and wooden church sculpture of the 14th – 18th centuries.
Cost and Time Analysis Using Earned Value Method in The Construction of Sports Facilities in Kecamatan Kedewan Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Authors: Riduwan Sanda Praja , Witjaksana Budi , Tjendani Hanie Teki
Published: December 2023

The implementation of construction work has the main targets in construction management, such as construction costs, quality of construction work and construction implementation time. Construction activities can be declared successful in their management if they produce work products with the quality criteria that have been determined, on time, and according to the agreed costs. Using EVM (Earned Value Method) in project management can be used to determine cost performance and implementation time during the project and the indicators used for analysis include: BCWP (Budget Cost of Work Performance), BCWS (Budget Cost of Work Schedule), ACWP (Actual Cost of Work Performance), SV (Schedule Variance), CV (Cost Variance), SPI (Schedule Performance Index), CPI (Cost Performance Index), EAS (Estimated At Schedule) and ETS (Estimated Temporary Schedule).By using this method in the Sports Facilities Construction Project, Kecamatan Kedewan, Kabupaten Bojonegoro, the ACWP (Actual Cost of Work Performed), BCWP (Budgeted Cost of Work Performed), and BCWS (Budgeted Cost of Scheduled) values were obtained. The CV value obtained <0 in weeks 1 to 7 indicates that the costs incurred were greater than the plan, but in weeks 8 to 15 the CV value >0 means that in that week the costs incurred were less than the plan. Meanwhile, the SV value for the 15th week is SV<0, meaning the project is experiencing a delay from plan. The estimated of the completion budget requirement obtained from the ETC (Estimate to Compile) value is IDR. 3,345,105,521.28, while the estimated final total project cost obtained from the EAC (Estimate at Complete) value is IDR. 5,680,868,593.22. The results of the TE (Time Estimate) value in week 15 show 33 calendar days, so it takes 243 (Two hundred and forty three) calendar days to complete the project from week 15 to completion or 33 days later than the contract time of 210 calendar days.
Analysis of Mineral Content and Magnetic Properties of Iron Sand of Bah Bolon Simalungun River, North Sumetera
Authors: Novita Novita , Naibaho Marzuki , Puspita Endah , Ramlan Ramlan , Ginting Masno , Humaidi Syahrul
Published: December 2023

Analysis and characterization of the natural iron sand of the Bah Bolon River in Simalungun Regency has been carried out. Separation of iron sand is carried out using a 500 Gauss permanent magnet 10 times. After that, the iron sand is washed using Aquades 5 times so that the iron sand is clean of impurities and dried using an oven at a temperature of 85o C for 24 hours. Iron sand samples with a size of 250 mesh (74µm) were then characterized using SEM-EDS and VSM. Measurements using SEM-EDS show that the Sungai Bah Bolon iron sand contains 66.9% Fe, 24.3% O, and 8.8% other elements. Meanwhile, the hysteresis curve from the results of measurements with a Vibrating Sample Magnometer (VSM) shows that the Bah Bolon River iron sand has magnetic saturation (Ms), magnetic remanance (Mr), and coercivity (Hc) properties of 57.70 emu/g respectively 7.09 emu/g, and 129.93 Oe.
Back Abscess and Cellulitis due to Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Previously Healthy Neonate
Authors: Trilaksono Rony , Haksari Ekawaty Lutfia , Wandita Setya , Wibowo Tunjung
Published: December 2023

We report a case of a nine-day-old male baby who was born term, spontaneously with normal birth weight, a history of forty-eight hours of premature rupture of membrane, and no history of early-onset sepsis. He suffered from fever followed by a small red bump on his back, which worsened, extended, and became an ulcer in the right axilla. The pediatric surgeon performed the debridement and modern wound care without a skin graft. The pus culture isolated. Staphylococcus aureus, resistant to oxacillin and at least three other non-?-lactam antibiotics. We then administered vancomycin for fourteen days. The patient was discharged after thirty-one days of hospitalization. Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in neonates can manifest as severe progressive skin and soft tissue disease. However, proper management could deal with the prognosis.
Factors and consequences of Burnout Syndrome in university teachers during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Mohamed-Amar Horía , Mohamed-Amar Rachida , Amar Ahmida Mohamed
Published: December 2023

In the context of the current global health crisis caused by COVID-19, a series of significant challenges affecting both physical and psychological health of populations have been identified. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and manifestation of burnout syndrome among the teaching staff of public universities in Andalusia during this pandemic period. Using a quantitative research methodology, with a non-experimental and descriptive cross-sectional design, teachers were selected through non-probabilistic intentional sampling. The results revealed urgent need for educational institutions to develop effective strategies for managing and preventing this professional weariness syndrome is highlighted.
Pengaruh human capital dan financial capital terhadap manajemen bencana tanah longsor di kabupaten Banjarnegara dengan pendekatan sustainabilty livelihood
Authors: Subiyanto Munifah Jauza , Dewanti Diah Setyawati , Mubarrok Wafiyulloh
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Human Capital dan Financial Capital terhadap Manajemen Bencana Tanah Longsor di Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah penduduk yang tinggal di Desa Sampang dan Desa Binangun Kecamatan Karangkobar, Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Dalam penelitian ini sampel yang diambil yaitu sebanyak 100 responden yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Alat yang digunakan dalam pengolahan data dan analisis yaitu SPSS 16.0 for windows dan Path Analysis (analisis jalur). Adapun hasil yang didapat adalah; (1) Variabel pendapatan dan variabel perspektif pentingnya pendidikan mempengaruhi manajemen bencana secara langsung dengan koefisien unstandarized sebesar 0,394 dan 0,991, (2) Variabel kesehatan mempengaruhi manajemen bencana secara tidak langsung terhadap masyarakat dengan koefisien unstandarized sebesar 0,455.
 
This study aims to analyze the Effect of Human Capital and Financial Capital on Landslide Disaster Management in Banjarnegara Regency. The subjects in this study were residents living in Sampang and Binangun Villages, Karangkobar District, Banjarnegara Regency. In this study the samples taken were as many as 100 respondents who were selected using the purposive sampling method. The tools used in data processing and analysis are SPSS 16.0 for windows and Path Analysis. The results obtained are; (1) Income variables and perspective variables of the importance of education affect disaster management directly with unstandarized coefficients of 0.394 and 0.991, (2) Health variables affect disaster management indirectly with society with unstandarized coefficients of 0.455.
O lugar do negro na construção da identidade nacional
Authors: Vanderley Selma de , Barbosa Maria Valéria
Published: December 2023

Resumo

Este texto objetiva revisitar o período pós-abolição de modo a descrever o lugar do negro com a implantação da República e o desafio que se colocava pelos novos desdobramentos do contexto nacional acerca do papel do negro na construção da identidade nacional. Perpassa pelas concepções das teorias raciais, pela política de imigração e aborda como se deu a inculcação e assimilação dos ideais de branqueamento que marcaram o início do século XX e repercutiram na formação social e, desse modo, engendrando uma sociedade estruturalmente racista como é, ainda hoje, a brasileira.

Palavras-chave: teorias raciais, imigração, branqueamento, assimilação.

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to revisit the post-abolition period in order to describe the place of blacks with the establishment of the Republic and the challenge posed by the new developments in the national context regarding the role of blacks in the construction of national identity. It goes through the conceptions of racial theories, immigration policy and approaches how the inculcation and assimilation of the whitening ideals that marked the beginning of the twentieth century took place.

Keywords: racial theories, immigration, whitening, assimilation.

RESUMEN

Este artículo revisa el periodo posterior a la abolición para describir el lugar que ocuparon los negros con la instauración de la República y el reto que supusieron los nuevos acontecimientos en el contexto nacional respecto al papel de los negros en la construcción de la identidad nacional. Recorre las concepciones de las teorías raciales, la política de inmigración y aborda cómo se produjo la inculcación y asimilación de los ideales blanqueadores que marcaron el inicio del siglo XX y repercutieron en la formación social, engendrando así una sociedad estructuralmente racista como lo es aún hoy Brasil.

Palabras clave: teorías raciales, inmigración, blanqueo, asimilación.
Maleta de sonhos
Authors: Barra Renata Neves Coelho
Published: December 2023

Poema
CORPO sem COR é PÓ
Authors: Corrêa Medina Alice Maria
Published: December 2023

Poema
Increased Subjectivity in Audio Description of Visual Art
Authors: Silvia Soler Gallego  , Luque Colmenero María Olalla
Published: December 2023

This article discusses a focus group reception study of visual art audio description (AD) that focuses on the standard style as described in previous corpus-based studies, along with one of the less frequent approaches also found among current practices, namely the “gist” style. The results from the qualitative analysis of the focus group discussions show that user experience of the gist AD style varies among participants, with some reporting positive impressions thereof. In addition, users’ experience of AD has several layers, since the discussions progressed from specific aspects to broader questions dealing with the very definition of AD and user preferences regarding visual arts.
Lay Summary
This article talks about a research study that looked at how people perceive audio descriptions (AD) in visual art. Audio description is a way of providing information about visual elements for individuals who are blind or visually impaired. The study focused on two styles: the standard style, which is commonly used and has been studied before, and a less common approach known as the "gist" style. The gist style is type of AD where only a few visual components are mentioned without many conceptual connections between them and with high importance to the voice and it modulations. The researchers conducted focus group discussions to understand how participants experienced these different AD styles. These discussions are group conversations where participants share their opinions and experiences about a particular topic, guided by a moderator. The results were obtained through qualitative analysis, where the focus is on understanding people's experiences and opinions in-depth, often involving open-ended discussions rather than quantitative data. They revealed that people had varying opinions about the gist style. Some participants liked it, while others didn't. Moreover, the discussions went beyond just talking about specific aspects of AD; they delved into broader questions about what AD is and what users prefer when it comes to describing visual art. The study found that opinions on the gist style varied among participants, and the discussions went beyond specific details of AD to explore broader questions about its definition and user preferences in the context of visual arts.
PROBLEMS OF DETERMINING THE CONTENT OF THE LEGALITY OF BEHAVIOR
Authors: Бортников Д.М.
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена исследованию содержания понятия «правомерное поведение». Несмотря на то, что термин активно используется в научных источниках и имеет прикладное значение, критерии определения поведения как правомерного до настоящего времени не определены нормативно, что свидетельствует о недостаточности проработки. Проблема определения содержания и критериев, на основании которых оно может быть установлено, обусловлено тем, что, правомерность может рассматриваться в узком и в широком смысле. При этом существует определенная грань, за которой поведение определяется уже как неправомерное. Неправомерность, по своей сути – это либо не соответствие нормам права либо прямое нарушение установленных на нормативном уровне запретов. В отношении правомерности подобных границ нет. Сопутствующей этому проблемой является проблема отграничения злоупотребления правом от правомерного поведения. Отграничение необходимо, потому что злоупотребление правом не только порицается со стороны социума, но и предполагает возможность негативной оценки со стороны государства, следствием которой является отказ в защите права. Автором исследования предложена формулировка содержания правомерного поведения как юридического термина.

The article is devoted to the study of the content of the concept of «lawful behavior». Despite the fact that the term is actively used in scientific sources and has applied meaning, the criteria for defining behavior as lawful have not been defined normatively so far, which indicates the lack of elaboration. The problem of determining the content and criteria on the basis of which it can be established is due to the fact that, lawfulness can be considered in a narrow and in a broad sense. At the same time, there is a certain boundary beyond which the behavior is already defined as unlawful. Illegality, in its essence, is either non-compliance with the rules of law or a direct violation of the established at the normative level prohibitions. With respect to lawfulness there are no such boundaries. A related problem is the problem of differentiating the abuse of law from lawful behavior. The distinction is necessary because the abuse of right is not only condemned by society, but also involves the possibility of negative assessment by the state, the consequence of which is the denial of the right protection. According to the results of the study the formulation of the content of lawful behavior as a legal term is proposed.
CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS – FINDING A BALANCE BETWEEN SOCIETY AND THE STATE
Authors: Нардина О.В. , Струтинская Т.А. , Казановская Ю.А.
Published: December 2023

Понятие и сущность корпоративной ответственности, подходы к ее реализации являются наиболее актуальными темами современных дискуссий, возникающих между обществом и государством, с одной стороны, и субъектами предпринимательской деятельности - с другой. Авторы считают, что реализация корпорациями социальных проектов должна носить инвестиционный характер и в перспективе приносить им прибыль, а обществу и государству социальную стабильность.

The concept and essence of corporate responsibility, approaches to its implementation are the most relevant topics of modern discussions arising between society and the state, on the one hand, and business entities, on the other. The authors believe that the implementation of social projects by corporations should be of an investment nature and in the future bring them profit, and social stability to society and the state.
The Analysis of Pedagogic Principles in The Implementation of Mathematics Learning Curriculum at Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Mawaddah Hamzah Andi , Turmudi
Published: December 2023

Islamic Boarding School, or Pesantren as the oldest educational institution in Indonesia, provides a unique attraction for research. The curriculum in Pesantren that integrates religious learning and general learning provides challenges for teachers in implementing learning. Although it has several advantages over public schools, Pesantren also has several problems. One of them is related to curriculum implementation. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the missing pedagogic principles in the application of the mathematics learning curriculum in Islamic boarding schools and also the impact of the loss of pedagogic principles. This research was in the form of qualitative research by interviewing four respondents, including the founder of the boarding school, the principal, the deputy headmaster of the curriculum section, and a math teacher at the Aliyah/Senior High School level. The findings of this study are: (1) the curriculum policy at Pesantren has not been understood collectively by education practitioners in the school, (2) The readiness in curriculum formulation is considered not optimal, and (3) The implementation of the curriculum 2013 in mathematics learning in Pesantren is not optimal due to other rules such as the determination of learning hours which are very lacking. This is accompanied by most pedagogical principles that should be present in learning, which cannot be implemented as a whole. The researcher recommends that there is a need for a unique curriculum formulated directly by mathematics teachers by adjusting existing materials and class hours so that educational goals can be achieved and implementing pedagogic principles in learning.
Using Google forms as a Learning Evaluation Tool in Information and Communication Technology Training for Teachers
Authors: Tuny Warda
Published: December 2023

This study aims to describe participants' responses or perceptions of the use of Google forms as an alternative learning evaluation tool in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Technical Training for Madrasah Teachers in East Seram District. This type of research is qualitative research using the descriptive analysis method. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire distributed to all participants, totaling 30 people. The results of the study show that learning evaluation using Google forms is very effective, there are no problems when using it, the access is fast, it is very easy to use and not complicated, and the results are very accurate so that the evaluation objectives can be achieved, it is also fun, efficient in terms of time and cost, so can be recommended for the facilitator to use it.
Consequências do uso de contraceptivos hormonais:
Authors: Do Bom Parto Sousa Santos Gabriela , Costa Duarte Neto Neemias , Alves Santos Denise , Karoline da Silva Pereira Anny , Costa Halvantzis Diessika Helena , Bruna Arruda Aragão Francisca
Published: December 2023

A eficácia e a funcionalidade dos anticoncepcionais hormonais possuem resultados cientificamente testados, trazendo, assim, possibilidade de escolha à mulher mediante acompanhamento médico. No entanto, como todo medicamento, apresentam efeitos colaterais e representam risco de desenvolvimento de doenças. Objetivou-se analisar as consequências do uso de contraceptivos hormonais. A busca bibliográfica foi desenvolvida na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS-BIREME), através das bases de dados: SciELO, Lilacs, BDENF e MEDLINE. Utilizou-se os seguintes descritores combinados com operador booleano AND, a saber: Anticoncepcionais AND Fatores de Risco AND Saúde da Mulher. Foram inclusos artigos redigidos em português ou inglês, disponíveis gratuitamente na íntegra, no período de janeiro de 2011 a dezembro de 2021. Excluiu-se estudos publicados em anais, monografia, dissertação, tese e que não estejam disponíveis na íntegra de forma gratuita. A amostra foi composta por 14 artigos. Os anticoncepcionais hormonais apresentam diversos efeitos colaterais, a saber: eventos trombóticos como arritmia, cefaleia, náuseas, dores de cabeça, aumento de pressão arterial, irritabilidade, aumento de peso e tontura, franqueza e cansaço, contribuindo para a desistência durante o uso. Assim, faz-se de suma importância o esclarecimento às mulheres quanto a esses efeitos, bem como o acompanhamento pela equipe multiprofissional de saúde da atenção primária, de forma a promover um planejamento família sem riscos e patologias secundarias.
ENSINO DE FILOSOFIA NA ACADEMIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Rodrigues Pimenta Danilo
Published: December 2023

Para Martial Guéroult (1968), a pesquisa filosófica é indissociável de sua história. No entanto, ele ressalta que a historiografia não é um fim, mas um meio para estimular a reflexão pessoal. Nessa direção, pretendo analisar como sua proposta foi deturpada pelos professores do Departamento de Filosofia da Universidade de São Paulo e como a partir da ênfase unilateral outorgada à história da filosofia, é possível verificar que o método estruturalista passou a ser um fim, o que resultou na inadequação entre o ensino de filosofia e o ato de filosofar, afastando o aspirante de filósofo da criação filosófica.
O ELO PERDIDO ENTRE TECHNE E EPISTEME SEGUNDO O PENSAMENTO DE MARTIN HEIDEGGER
Authors: Wiederwild Francisco
Published: December 2023

A questão da técnica moderna é um dos temas nucleares do pensamento tardio de Martin Heidegger, vindo ao conhecimento do público na década de 1950 com a conferência A Questão da Técnica (1953). O período antecedente à proposição dessa questão, contudo, foi preparado duas décadas antes, quando Heidegger tematiza a noção grega de “techne” em Introdução à Metafísica, se aprofundando posteriormente nas preleções Nietzsche I, Parmênides e Heráclito, entre os anos de 1935 e 1945. Na sessão §2 de Lógica: a doutrina heraclítica do logos, Heidegger sustenta que, para os pensadores gregos originários, as noções de techne e episteme possuíam um vínculo tão estreito que muitas vezes uma palavra era utilizada como sinônimo da outra. Com a inauguração da interpretação técnica do pensamento, porém, a techne é caracterizada conceitualmente por Platão e Aristóteles como mimesis, isto é, como imitação da aparência da realidade suprassensível. Consequentemente, o vínculo originário entre techne e episteme foi completamente obscurecido. Delimitando assim o tema, nossa meditação atenderá à provocação do seguinte problema de pesquisa: de que maneira o esquecimento da relação originária entre techne e episteme corrobora para o obscurecimento da poiésis, segundo o pensamento heideggeriano? Os antigos gregos denominavam tanto a arte como a técnica artesanal como saberes poiéticos, enfatizando, assim, a produção de ser (poiésis) como o elemento essencial da techne. A partir da desarticulação da episteme e da techne, a episteme passa a ser compreendida como o saber mais elevado, o único a partir do qual é possível apreender a essência (eidos) dos fenômenos. Segundo o pensamento platônico, a techne, por outro lado, não produz a ascensão da aparência à essência, da doxa (opinião) à episteme (conhecimento verdadeiro) e traz consigo o constante risco da ilusão e da mentira. Aristóteles, na esteira de Platão, identifica a techne como imitação da aparência da realidade suprassensível determinada a partir de um genuíno processo racional. Diferente de Platão, Aristóteles reconhece o vínculo fundamental entre techne e episteme, mas caracteriza a produção técnico-artística como mais uma forma dentre outras de conhecimento, obliterando a sua essência. Seja a partir da acepção platônica ou da aristotélica, a tradição metafísica preservou fixa e inalterada a desassociação entre techne e episteme, degradando a produção criativa de ser (poiésis) ao nível da atividade artesanal, até Martin Heidegger colocar em questão o seu elo perdido.
MERLEAU-PONTY E GODARD
Authors: Barbosa Retameiro Bruna
Published: December 2023

A temática principal deste artigo é a questão da percepção cinematográfica, e o vislumbre da possibilidade de um cinema criador de expressão e linguagem. Tal ensejo se dá a partir da fenomenologia de Merleau-Ponty e do cinema de Godard, partindo da ideia do filme como “algo a ser percebido”, apresentado por Merleau-Ponty no ensaio Le cinéma et la nouvelle psychologie (1945). Neste ensaio, o filósofo explora as semelhanças entre o cinema e a psicologia da forma, a Gestalt, criticando a concepção clássica da percepção. Surge assim, o seguinte problema: seria possível o cinema de Godard ser considerado uma forma expressão e linguagem, a partir da perspectiva fenomenológica de Merleau-Ponty? A linguagem criadora, como o próprio nome já diz, tem o caráter de criação, um caráter estético. Godard faz muito uso do jogo de palavras em sua produção cinematográfica. Há ainda a questão da sonoridade, muito bem explorada, as paletas de cores, a “quebra da quarta parede”, movimentos não convencionais com a câmera. Nada disso é ao acaso. E é isso que se pretende demonstrar nesse artigo: a possibilidade de tal modo de criação cinematográfica estar realmente alinhada ao que Merleau-Ponty aponta como uma experiência estética e de criação: a percepção cinematográfica. Para isso, o artigo tem como objetivo geral adentrar ao pensamento do filósofo francês Maurice Merleau-Ponty no que tange a questão da percepção e o perceber cinematográfico, na intenção de trazer à tona uma visão fenomênica do filme, onde este deixa de ser entendido como algo pensado, e passa a ser entendido como algo a ser percebido. Como objetivos mais específicos, pretendemos apresentar a perspectiva crítica de Merleau-Ponty em relação às teorias clássicas sobre a percepção, e o porquê de nenhuma conter, segundo ele, uma teoria considerável sobre a mesma. A partir disso, apresentar a nova psicologia proposta por Merleau-Ponty, a Gestalt, onde o indivíduo pertence ao mundo, e não apenas faz parte dele, como defendiam as teorias clássicas. Na sequência, elucidar a perspectiva fenomenológica acerca da percepção, estabelecendo relação com a percepção cinematográfica e entendendo o cinema como algo a ser percebido e não pensado. Por último, pretendemos investigar a temática da linguagem nas obras de Merleau-Ponty, trazendo a produção cinematográfica como uma possível forma de criar novas linguagens, além de trazer uma análise ainda inicial do porquê algumas das produções cinematográficas de Jean-Luc Godard, podem ser entendidas como possíveis criadoras de uma linguagem, que está para além da empírica e cotidiana
Study on the Relationship Between Two Curvature Tensors in Finsler spaces
Authors: Abdallah Alaa
Published: December 2023

The generalized $\mathfrak{B}P-$recurrent space and generalized $\mathfrak{B}P-$ birecurrent space introduced by \cite{4, 15}. Now, in this paper, two theorems clarify the relationship between $P_{jkh}^i$ and $R_{jkh}^i$ have been established and proved in the above mentioned spaces. The necessary and sufficient condition for $R_{jkh}^i$ which satisfy the generalized recurrence and birecurrence property have been obtained.
Uncovering Iranian EFL Learners’ Repair Operations’ Employment in Story-Retelling
Authors: Fatehi Rad Neda , Rabaniebrahimipour Kamran
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Although Iranian EFL learners’ practices concerning the process of repair have been investigated by some researchers the state of Iranian EFL learners’ use of repair operations in narratives and story-retelling is underexplored. This study aimed to investigate how Iranian EFL learners manage communication during story retelling and identify the repair operations they use to overcome communication breakdowns. Based on Schegloff's theoretical framework of 10 repair operations, this study examined the preferences of forty EFL learners regarding the use of repair operations. In addition, the relationship between the gender and English proficiency level of EFL learners and repair operations in story retelling was investigated. After analyzing forty monologues totaling 183 minutes, the findings show that nonlinguistic repair operation and parenthesizing are the most and least frequently used operation. Moreover, recycling, replacing, deletion and insertion are found to be the second, third, fourth and fifth most frequent repair operations while abortion, searching, reformatting and sequence jumping are considered less used by the EFL learners. Additionally, the results of crosstabulation and chi-square tests show no statistically association between proficiency levels and repair operations as well as gender and repair operations employment by EFL learners in story-retelling. The findings might be useful to researchers, language educators and syllabus designers.
Triángulos Perfectos
Authors: Delgado de Brandao Alicia M. , Rodríguez Reyes Yanina del Carmen , Sandoval Moreno Ubaldino , Zeballos Mitre Temístocles
Published: December 2023

En este artículo, se presenta una breve historia de cómo la relación entre el perímetro y el área de un triángulo lleva a la comunidad matemática a interesarse en ese campo de estudio. Se define el concepto de triángulo racional, se presenta la demostración de la fórmula de Herón, se exhiben las contribuciones de Brahmagupta, Euler, Carmichael relacionadas a la búsqueda de triángulos racionales. Seguidamente, se definen los conceptos de triángulo entero, triángulo pitagórico y se demuestran algunas de sus propiedades. Finalmente, se define el concepto de triángulo perfecto y se presentan los resultados y demostraciones que nos permiten concluir sobre la existencia de los mismos.
Les sources de l’historien·ne au péril de la guerre
Authors: Aunoble Éric
Published: December 2023

Ce champ libre est l’œuvre de trois auteurs, dont le principal, Éric Aunoble, a coordonné l’assemblage des textes. Après l’introduction générale écrite par Éric Aunoble vient un article du même auteur sur la préservation des sources en Ukraine, fruit d’une enquête de terrain. À la suite de ce texte vient un article du généalogiste Maxime Vichnevski, fruit de son expérience dans les archives de Saint-Pétersbourg (Russie). Ce champ libre se termine par une vignette sur les archives en Crimée annexée, écrite par un collègue vivant en Russie.