bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Ten-Year-Old Boy with Antiepileptic Drugs-Induced DRESS Syndrome
Authors: Vithana S. , De Silva M. H. A. D. , Hewawitharana G. P.
Published: September 2020

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a life-threatening adverse drug reaction if it is not timely diagnosed and treated. This happens probably following a cascade of immune reactions after the administration of the drug ultimately leading to multiorgan failure and death. Several groups of drugs have been identified as potential aetiologies but the commonest one identified is antiepileptic drugs. The clinical features of DRESS syndrome usually appear several weeks after commencing the offending drug. Initially, fever lymphadenopathy and rash appear followed by hepatitis. Rash is the most prominent feature, and it is a generalized erythematous nonblanching maculopapular rash without the involvement of the mucus membranes or eyes. The rash desquamated over the following days and changed it’s context to an exfoliative dermatitis. We report a case of a 10-year-old boy who is one of the twins born to nonconsanguineous parents at 34 weeks of gestation.
Numerical Analysis of Dead Load Shear Force Distribution in Webs of Multicell Inclined Web Box‐Girder Bridge
Authors: Xue Xingwei , Wu Meizhong , Li Zhengwei , Zhou Peng
Published: September 2020

Moment and shear load distribution are important in bridge design. Most existing studies have focused on the distribution of girders under vehicle loading, neglecting the dead load distribution between the webs of multicell box‐girders. Through the “Sum of Local Internal Forces” function, the shear force of each web in the multicell box‐girder 3D finite element model was extracted and analysed using the dead load shear force distribution factor. The research parameters include the slope of the web, support condition, and cell number with respect to the dead load shear force distribution factor. The results indicate that the dead load shear distribution in the webs of multicell box‐girders is uneven. The outermost inclined web bears a shear force greater than the average shear force, which must be considered in bridge design.
Low Levels of Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Intestinal Metaplasia: A Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Kyungeun , Chang Yoosoo , Ahn Jiin , Yang Hyo-Joon , Ryu Seungho
Published: September 2020

Background:

The impact of alcohol drinking on gastric precancerous lesions remains unclear. We investigated the relationship of alcohol intake with risk of atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM).

Methods:

This study included 202,675 Korean adults free from AG and IM on their initial endoscopy who were followed with repeated endoscopic examinations. A parametric proportional hazards model was used to estimate the adjusted HR (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident AG and IM based on endoscopic diagnosis.

Results:

During a mean follow-up of 4.7 years, 64,853 incident AG cases and 4,536 IM cases were identified. Alcohol consumption including drinking frequency, quantity, and binge drinking were consistently associated with increased risk of both AG and IM in a dose–response manner. After adjustment for confounders, the multivariable aHRs (95% CIs) for incident IM comparing average alcohol intake of <10, 10–<20, 20–<40, and ≥40 g/day with lifetime abstainers were 1.27 (1.02–1.56), 1.34 (1.07–1.66), 1.50 (1.20–1.86), and 1.54 (1.23–1.93), respectively. Former drinkers were also at a higher risk for AG and IM compared with lifetime abstainers. These associations were consistently observed in never smokers and in time-dependent analyses.

Conclusions:

In a large cohort of Korean individuals, alcohol intake even at low levels was independently associated with increased risk of developing endoscopic AG and IM, supporting a role of alcohol consumption in the pathogenesis of AG and IM, the precursor lesions of stomach cancer.

Impact:

Alcohol consumption from low-level drinking may contribute to gastric carcinogenesis.
Evidence that EZH2 Deregulation is an Actionable Therapeutic Target for Prevention of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Burkhart Deborah L. , Morel Katherine L. , Wadosky Kristine M. , Labbé David P. , Galbo Phillip M. , Dalimov Zafardjan , Xu Bo , Loda Massimo , Ellis Leigh
Published: September 2020

Chemoprevention trials for prostate cancer by androgen receptor or androgen synthesis inhibition have proven ineffective. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the histone methlytransferase, EZH2 is deregulated in mouse and human high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN). Using preclinical mouse and human models of prostate cancer, we demonstrate that genetic and chemical disruption of EZH2 expression and catalytic activity reversed the HG-PIN phenotype. Furthermore, inhibition of EZH2 function was associated with loss of cellular proliferation and induction of Tp53-dependent senescence. Together, these data provide provocative evidence for EZH2 as an actionable therapeutic target toward prevention of prostate cancer.
The Acceptability and Preference of Vaginal Self-sampling for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Testing among a Multi-ethnic Asian Female Population
Authors: Khoo Su Pei , Lim Wen Tzien , Rajasuriar Reena , Nasir Nazrila Hairizan , Gravitt Patti , Woo Yin Ling
Published: September 2020

Vaginal self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing can potentially increase cervical screening coverage. This study aimed to investigate the acceptability of vaginal self-sampling for HPV testing and factors that might influence a woman's preference for this as a cervical screening method. This was a cross-sectional study that recruited 725 women from the urban and suburban areas of Selangor, Malaysia. All study participants were instructed to self-collect vaginal sample using a dry flocked swab before responding to a detailed questionnaire documenting their experience and preference for self-sampling. Most of the study participants (>80%) perceived vaginal self-sampling as easy, convenient, not embarrassing, comfortable, and were confident in performing the test. This suggests high acceptability toward vaginal self-sampling for HPV testing. Of the 725 women, 83% preferred self-sampling HPV testing over healthcare personnel sampling HPV testing and Pap test. Women with higher household income and full-time employment status were more likely to prefer self-sampling. Those who had not undergone Pap test also expressed preference for self-sampling HPV testing. Convenience and women's confidence in performing a vaginal self-sampling for HPV testing were the independent key factors that influenced the preference for self-sampling method. Vaginal self-sampling for HPV testing is highly acceptable among Malaysian women. It is the preferred choice as a primary cervical screening method and serves as an alternative to healthcare-acquired sample for Pap test.

Prevention Relevance:

Organized cervical cancer screening remains unachievable in many countries. Self-sampling HPV testing is an evidence-based method that can remove barriers to cervical screening. This is particularly important for developing countries in order to achieve the WHO global strategy to accelerate cervical cancer elimination.
Type 1 Segmental Darier Disease: Case Report and Discussion of the Treatment Options
Authors: Alsharif Sahar Hasan , Alesa Dalal , Baabdullah Ahmed
Published: September 2020

Darier disease is a rare type of autosomal dominant genodermatosis, and it is caused by a mutation in the gene coding for the endoplasmic reticulum membrane calcium pump Ca2+-ATPase type 2, leading to compromised intercellular adhesion. Moreover, this condition is characterized by multiple keratotic greasy papules with a seborrheic distribution and is worsened by heat and sun exposure, sweating, and friction. Occasionally, it may be associated with nail abnormalities and may involve the mucosa. Unilateral segmental Darier disease is a rare variant characterized by unilateral eruption of erythematic keratotic papules not associated with other conditions. Herein, we report a case of type 1 segmental Darier disease. Furthermore, the main characteristics and treatment options are discussed.
Urinary Apolipoprotein C3 Is a Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Watanabe Yumi , Hirao Yoshitoshi , Kasuga Kensaku , Tokutake Takayoshi , Kitamura Kaori , Niida Shumpei , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Nakamura Kazutoshi , Yamamoto Tadashi
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that can easily be measured in routine health checkups are desirable. Urine is a source of biomarkers that can be collected easily and noninvasively. We previously reported on the comprehensive profile of the urinary proteome of AD patients and identified proteins estimated to be significantly increased or decreased in AD patients by a label-free quantification method. The present study aimed to validate urinary levels of proteins that significantly differed between AD and control samples from our proteomics study (i.e., apolipoprotein C3 [ApoC3], insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 [Igfbp3], and apolipoprotein D [ApoD]). Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed using urine samples from the same patient and control groups analyzed in the previous proteomics study (18 AD and 18 controls, set 1) and urine samples from an independent group of AD patients and controls (13 AD, 5 mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and 32 controls) from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Biobank (set 2). Results: In set 1, the crude urinary levels of ApoD, Igfbp3, and creatinine-adjusted ApoD were significantly higher in the AD group relative to the control group (p = 0.003, p = 0.002, and p = 0.019, respectively), consistent with our previous proteomics results. In set 2, however, the crude urinary levels of Igfbp3 were significantly lower in the AD+MCI group than in the control group (p = 0.028), and the levels of ApoD and ApoC3 did not differ significantly compared to the control group. Combined analysis of all samples revealed creatinine-adjusted ApoC3 levels to be significantly higher in the AD+MCI group (p = 0.015) and the AD-only group (p = 0.011) relative to the control group. Conclusion: ApoC3 may be a potential biomarker for AD, as validated by ELISA. Further analysis of ApoC3 as a urinary biomarker for AD is warranted.
US Pilot Curriculum for Transitioning Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders from High School to College and the Workforce
Authors: Johnson Katandria Love
Published: September 2020

Objectives: Few, evidence-based programs have been developed to prepare social skills for students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) transitioning to the workplace or college setting. This article describes a pilot curriculum developed for Tarrant County College (TCC) to address the transitional needs of high school students with ASD to a vocation or college. Methods: TCC enrolled 123 high school students across the ASD who were taught a 2-h, 2-semesters course on how to apply for college as well as employment applications, job interviews, and interpersonal skills. Work preparation and college preparatory skills such as communicating with professors regarding specific student learning accommodations were also included. Publicly available enrollment TCC data were utilized to describe the curricular program outcomes. Program Outcomes: No statistically significant success rate increase was identified among enrolled ASD students obtaining college acceptance by participating in the TCC program. However, 14 students were successful in attaining employment. TCC enrollment data also showed that 1 course addressing high school ASD students’ transitional needs to a vocation or college is not enough to ensure student success. Ongoing mentorship and advising should play a major role in the development of several semester long transitional courses to assist ASD students as they seek employment or a college program. Such a curriculum should include parental support and ongoing employer and college advisor communication regarding curriculum expectations for long-term success in the lives of ASD students, as they gain the skills requisite for independent living.
Percutaneous-Assisted versus Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Prospective Comparison
Authors: Perrone Emanuele , Rossitto Cristiano , Fanfani Francesco , Cianci Stefano , Fagotti Anna , Uccella Stefano , Vizzielli Giuseppe , Vascone Carmine , Restaino Stefano , Fedele Camilla , Saleh Farrah Layla , Scambia Giovanni , Gueli Alletti Salvatore
Published: September 2020

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of percutaneous approach, we prospectively compared our experience in percutaneous-assisted hysterectomy (PSS-H) with that in a series of laparoscopic hysterectomies (LPS-Hs). Methods: In this multicentric cohort study, from May 2015 to October 2017, 160 patients affected by benign and malignant gynecological conditions were considered eligible for minimally invasive surgery (MIS): 80 patients received PSS-H and 80 LPS-H. In each group, 30 cases of low-/intermediate-risk endometrial cancer were enrolled. For both groups, we documented preoperative outcomes, postoperative pain, and cosmetic outcomes. Results: No statistically significant differences were noted in baseline characteristics or operative time. We observed significant differences in estimated blood loss: median of 50 cc (PSS-H) and 100 cc (LPS-H) (p = 0.0001). In LPS-H, we reported 4 (5.0%) intraoperative complications and 1 (1.3%) in PSS-H. Thirty-day complications were 4 (5%) in PSS-H and 11 (13.8%) in LPS-H (p = 0.058). No significative differences were found in visual analog scale score, despite a relevant disparity in cosmetic outcome (p = 0.0001). For oncological cases, the 2 techniques had comparable intra- and postoperative outcomes and oncological accuracy. Conclusions: In this study, we reported that PSS-H is comparable to LPS-H for intra- and perioperative outcomes and postoperative pain, while PSS-H seems to be superior in cosmetic outcomes and patient satisfaction. PSS-H may represent a valid alternative in ultra-MIS for benign gynecological conditions and low-/intermediate-risk endometrial cancer.
Desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e o brincar de crianças em uma unidade de educação infantil
Authors: Teixeira Natali Machado Pena , Lourenço Priscila Barros , Costa Elson Ferreira , Oliveira Luísa Sousa Monteiro , Cruz Dalízia Amaral
Published: September 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre as características do brincar e o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de crianças de uma Unidade de Educação Infantil (UEI). Trata-se de uma pesquisa com delineamento longitudinal, de caráter descritivoexploratório, observacional e com abordagem quantitativa dos dados. Participaram 23 crianças, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 3 e 4 anos, matriculadas em uma UEI do município de Belém-PA, em 2017. Para registro das características do brincar das crianças na escola foi utilizado o Protocolo de Observação do Brincar (POB) e para avaliação do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor usou-se o Teste de Denver II. O estudo revelou que 56,5% das crianças apresentaram o resultado suspeita de atraso no desenvolvimento. As variáveis do brincar que tiveram associação estatisticamente significativa com a suspeita de atraso no DNPM, a partir do Teste U de Mann-Whitney foram: interação em grupo (p=0,04), brincadeira proposta pelo objeto (p=0,03) e não brincadeira-exploração (p=0,02). Considera-se que esta pesquisa possa contribuir para a identificação precoce de desvios no desenvolvimento de crianças no contexto escolar.
Análise qualitativa do efeito da terapia por contensão induzida em crianças com paralisia cerebral
Authors: Rohr Liz Araújo , Santana Camila Araújo , Silva Erika Shirley Moreira da , Alvarez Carolina Daniel de Lima , Maia Gabriela Lopes dos Santos , Tudella Eloisa
Published: September 2020

This study describes the results of four children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy, age between four and eleven years (6.50± 3.32) who had performed a Constraint-induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) protocol. The purpose was to analyze qualitatively the effects of the CIMT protocol on the use of the affected upper limb. The protocol was performed for three weeks, with restriction of the nonaffected upper limb and functional activities were performed with the transfer of gains during treatment to the real environment. A qualitativeanalysis of the upper limb movement was performed through the Quality of Upper Skills Test (QUEST) scale and the assessment of distal adjustments. Improvements on the QUEST scale score and on the distal adjustments were observed in all four participants after the training protocol. The constraint-induced movement therapy may be an effective intervention aiming to improve the quality of the upper limb movement in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy.
O brincar de faz de conta como ferramenta na expressão do imaginário de crianças em tratamento quimioterápico hospitalizadas
Authors: Campos Stefanny Maria Santana de , Garcia Luara Engracia , Pfeifer Luzia Iara
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Compreender os comportamentos e vivências de crianças submetidas ao tratamento quimioterápico por meio do brincar de faz de conta. Métodos: Estudo de casos múltiplos, abrangendo 5 crianças em uma enfermaria de oncopediatria, para tratamento quimioterápico, tendo como estratégia o brincar de faz de conta. As sessões foram filmadas, com posterior transcrição realizada por duas avaliadoras independentes, garantindo maior fidedignidade dos dados, e separando-os em categorias de análise.Resultados: De acordo com as categorias definidas, pode-se identificar que durante o faz de conta as crianças apresentaram boa exploração e escolha adequada dos materiais; houve presença de distratoresdurante a brincadeira; a imitação não foi um recurso utilizado pelas crianças em suas ações; apesar de trazerem temas domésticos em seu brincar, a hospitalização aparece como tema principal, demonstrandogrande riqueza de detalhes e conhecimento sobre os procedimentos clínicos vivenciados. Conclusão: Apesar das limitações impostas pelo processo quimioterápico, o engajamento das crianças nas brincadeirasde faz de conta se mostrou efetivo e favoreceu a expressão dos sentimentos acerca do processo vivenciado.
Niacin Attenuates Pulmonary Hypertension Through H-PGDS in Macrophages
Authors: Jia Daile , Bai Peiyuan , Wan Naifu , Liu Jiao , Zhu Qian , He Yuhu , Chen Guilin , Wang Jing , Chen Han , Wang Chen , Lyu Ankang , Lazarus Michael , Su Yunchao , Urade Yoshihiro , Yu Ying , Zhang Jian , Shen Yujun
Published: September 2020

Rationale:

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling, accompanied by varying degrees of perivascular inflammation. Niacin, a commonly used lipid-lowering drug, possesses vasodilating and proresolution effects by promoting the release of prostaglandin D
2
(PGD
2
). However, whether or not niacin confers protection against PAH pathogenesis is still unknown.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine whether or not niacin attenuates the development of PAH and, if so, to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying its effects.

Methods and Results:

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor SU5416 and hypoxic exposure were used to induce pulmonary hypertension (PH) in rodents. We found that niacin attenuated the development of this hypoxia/SU5416–induced PH in mice and suppressed progression of monocrotaline-induced and hypoxia/SU5416–induced PH in rats through the reduction of pulmonary artery remodeling. Niacin boosted PGD
2
generation in lung tissue, mainly through H-PGDS (hematopoietic PGD
2
synthases). Deletion of H-PGDS, but not lipocalin-type PGDS, exacerbated the hypoxia/SU5416–induced PH in mice and abolished the protective effects of niacin against PAH. Moreover, H-PGDS was expressed dominantly in infiltrated macrophages in lungs of PH mice and patients with idiopathic PAH. Macrophage-specific deletion of H-PGDS markedly decreased PGD
2
generation in lungs, aggravated hypoxia/SU5416–induced PH in mice, and attenuated the therapeutic effect of niacin on PAH.

Conclusions:

Niacin treatment ameliorates the progression of PAH through the suppression of vascular remodeling by stimulating H-PGDS–derived PGD
2
release from macrophages.
Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Sun Lisa R. , Harrar Dana , Drocton Gerald , Castillo-Pinto Carlos , Felling Ryan , Carpenter Jessica L. , Wernovsky Gil , McDougall Cameron G. , Gailloud Philippe , Pearl Monica S.
Published: September 2020

The use of mechanical thrombectomy for the treatment of acute childhood arterial ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion is increasing, with mounting evidence for its feasibility and safety. Despite this emerging evidence, clear guidelines for patient selection, thrombectomy technique, and postprocedure care do not exist for the pediatric population. Due to unique features of stroke in children, neurologists and interventionalists must consider differences in patient size, anatomy, collateral vessels, imaging parameters, and expected outcomes that may impact appropriate patient selection and timing criteria. In addition, different causes of stroke and comorbidities in children must be considered and may alter the safety and efficacy of thrombectomy. To optimize the success of endovascular intervention in children, a multidisciplinary team should take into account these nuanced considerations when determining patient eligibility, developing a procedural approach, and formulating a postprocedure neurological monitoring and therapeutic plan.
Exome Array Analysis of Early-Onset Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Jaworek Thomas , Ryan Kathleen A. , Gaynor Brady J. , McArdle Patrick F. , Stine Oscar C. , OConnor Timothy D. , Lopez Haley , Aparicio Hugo J. , Gao Yan , Lin Xiaochen , Groves Megan L. , Flaherty Matthew L. , Liu Simin , Yang Qiong , Wilson James , Seshadri Sudha , Kittner Steven J. , Mitchell Braxton D. , Xu Huichun , Cole John W.
Published: September 2020

Background and Purpose:

The genetic contribution to ischemic stroke may include rare- or low-frequency variants of high-penetrance and large-effect sizes. Analyses focusing on early-onset disease, an extreme-phenotype, and on the exome, the protein-coding portion of genes, may increase the likelihood of identifying such rare functional variants. To evaluate this hypothesis, we implemented a 2-stage discovery and replication design, and then addressed whether the identified variants also associated with older-onset disease.

Methods:

Discovery was performed in UMD-GEOS Study (University of Maryland-Genetics of Early-Onset Stroke), a biracial population-based study of first-ever ischemic stroke cases 15 to 49 years of age (n=723) and nonstroke controls (n=726). All participants had prior GWAS (Genome Wide Association Study) and underwent Illumina exome-chip genotyping. Logistic-regression was performed to test single-variant associations with all-ischemic stroke and TOAST (Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) subtypes in Whites and Blacks. Population level results were combined using meta-analysis. Gene-based aggregation testing and meta-analysis were performed using seqMeta. Covariates included age and gender, and principal-components for population structure. Pathway analyses were performed across all nominally associated genes for each stroke outcome. Replication was attempted through lookups in a previously reported meta-analysis of early-onset stroke and a large-scale stroke genetics study consisting of primarily older-onset cases.

Results:

Gene burden tests identified a significant association with
NAT10
in small-vessel stroke (
P
=3.79×10
−
6
). Pathway analysis of the top 517 genes (
P
<0.05) from the gene-based analysis of small-vessel stroke identified several signaling and metabolism-related pathways related to neurotransmitter, neurodevelopmental notch-signaling, and lipid/glucose metabolism. While no individual SNPs reached chip-wide significance (
P
<2.05×10
−7
), several were near, including an intronic variant in
LEXM
(rs7549251;
P
=4.08×10
−
7
) and an exonic variant in
TRAPPC11
(rs67383011;
P
=5.19×10
−
6
).

Conclusions:

Exome-based analysis in the setting of early-onset stroke is a promising strategy for identifying novel genetic risk variants, loci, and pathways.
A Conflux of Musical Logics: Memory, History and the Improvisative Music of SLANT
Authors: Wilson Dave
Published: September 2020

The author discusses SLANT, an improvisation-based project he coconceived, recorded and performed on tenor saxophone in duo with pianist and new music specialist Richard Valitutto. The project deconstructs sound worlds such as late nineteenth-century Romanticism, avant-garde/free jazz, microtonal spectralism and southeast European rural music. Drawing on George Lewis's systems of improvisative musicality, the article analyzes SLANT through the lens of sociomusical experience. The author shows how Afrological, Eurological and other systems of musicality participate together, manifesting in dialogical improvisative music-making that emerges from multiethnic and multicultural histories of improvised music.
Distoseptispora hydei sp. nov. (Distoseptisporaceae), a novel lignicolous fungus on decaying bamboo in Thailand

Authors: MONKAI JUTAMART , BOONMEE SARANYAPHAT , REN GUANG-CONG , WEI DE-PING , PHOOKAMSAK RUNGTIWA , MORTIMER PETER E.
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we described and illustrated a new species of lignicolous fungi, Distoseptispora hydei, found on decaying bamboo in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. According to the phylogenetic results from combined sequence data (LSU, ITS and RPB2), the new species is distinct from other Distoseptispora species. Distoseptispora hydei is characterized by obpyriform to fusiform conidia with 7–9 distosepta and a hyaline, gelatinous sheath around the tip. Phylogenetic analyses and morphological comparisons with other species of Distoseptispora are provided in this study.
Akanthomyces lepidopterorum, a new lecanicillium-like species

Authors: CHEN WAN-HAO , HAN YAN-FENG , LIANG JIAN-DONG , LIANG ZONG-QI
Published: September 2020

During a survey of entomopathogenetic fungi from Southwest China, a new species, Akanthomyces lepidopterorum was found on an undetermined lepidopteran larva. It differs from other species based on mostly smaller conidia, mononematous conidiophores and moderate length of phialide. Both the morphological identification and phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU and RPB2 sequence data support A. lepidopterorum as a new species. A new combination is also proposed in the genus Akanthomyces.
Robotic Light Touch Assists Human Balance Control During Maximum Forward Reaching
Authors: Johannsen Leif , Potwar Karna , Saveriano Matteo , Endo Satoshi , Lee Dongheui
Published: September 2020

Objective

We investigated how light interpersonal touch (IPT) provided by a robotic system supports human individuals performing a challenging balance task compared to IPT provided by a human partner.

Background

IPT augments the control of body balance in contact receivers without a provision of mechanical body weight support. The nature of the processes governing the social haptic interaction, whether they are predominantly reactive or predictive, is uncertain.

Method

Ten healthy adult individuals performed maximum forward reaching (MFR) without visual feedback while standing upright. We evaluated their control of reaching behavior and of body balance during IPT provided by either another human individual or by a robotic system in two alternative control modes (reactive vs. predictive).

Results

Reaching amplitude was not altered by any condition but all IPT conditions showed reduced body sway in the MFR end-state. Changes in reaching behavior under robotic IPT conditions, such as lower speed and straighter direction, were linked to reduced body sway. An Index of Performance expressed a potential trade-off between speed and accuracy with lower bitrate in the IPT conditions.

Conclusion

The robotic IPT system was as supportive as human IPT. Robotic IPT seemed to afford more specific adjustments in the human contact receiver, such as trading reduced speed for increased accuracy, to meet the intrinsic demands and constraints of the robotic system or the demands of the social context when in contact with a human contact provider.
Should Your Brand Pick a Side? How Market Share Determines the Impact of Corporate Political Advocacy
Authors: Hydock Chris , Paharia Neeru , Blair Sean
Published: September 2020

Consumers increasingly expect brands to “pick a side” on divisive sociopolitical issues, but managers are reluctant to risk alienating customers who oppose their position. Moreover, research on identity-based consumption and negativity bias suggests that corporate political advocacy (CPA) is more likely to repel existing customers who oppose the CPA than to attract new customers who support it, implying that the net effect will be negative even if consumers overall are evenly divided in their support/opposition. In this research, the authors posit that despite this negativity bias in individual-level choice, the net effect of CPA at the market level is determined by a sorting process that benefits small-share brands and hurts large-share brands. This is because having few customers to lose and many to gain can offset the risk of the negativity bias in consumers’ identity-driven responses to CPA, potentially leading to a net influx of customers for small-share brands. Five experiments provide support for this theorizing and identify authenticity as a necessary condition for small share brands to benefit.
Experimental study on the seismic behavior of concentrically braced steel frames with extended end-plate bolted connections
Authors: Rongqian Yang , Xuejun Zhou
Published: September 2020

The prefabricated semi-rigid concentrically braced steel frame has always been the main form of residential steel structures, much work so far has focused on the earthquake-resistance performance of such structures. However, little attention has been devoted to systematic model testing, further effort is still required to explore the structural performance with experimental studies. Two semi-rigid concentrically braced steel frames were designed and tested to failure under reversed low-cyclic loading. The hysteretic curves, bearing capacity, energy dissipation capacity, ductility and stiffness degradation performance were studied in detail. Then the performance was compared to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the two frames. The tests showed that the plastic deformation and damage were primarily concentrated at the braces, and the columns and semi-rigid connections exhibited hardly any plastic deformation. The specimens went through the elastic stage, elastic-plastic stage and failure stage during the tests. The results indicated the specimen with chevron braces has better seismic performance. The structure presents the characteristic of ductile failure on the whole. The steel frame and braces of the specimens cooperatively perform together so that the structure has two seismic fortification lines. The structure with chevron braces possesses an excellent bearing capacity, a high lateral stiffness, a reliable lateral-resistance performance and a strong energy dissipation capacity. In contrast, because of the premature fracture of the cross joints, the structure with X-shaped braces has a lower material utilization efficiency, which leads to a dramatic decrease in the bearing capacity and stiffness, as well as low ductility and a poor energy dissipation capacity.
Doing Assessment Well: Advances for Undergraduate Psychology Programs and Psychology Educators
Authors: Dunn Dana S. , Coffman Kimberly , Bhalla Mukul , Boysen Guy A. , Diaz-Granados Jaime L. , McGregor Loretta Neal , Morgan Betsy , Smith Paul
Published: September 2020

This article discusses how assessment tools can be used to improve student learning in undergraduate bachelors (BA/BS) in psychology programs. The article first reviews particular advantages associated with using curricular and cocurricular maps for performing systematic program assessment. After identifying various assessment tools created by the American Psychological Association, we discuss some essential arenas for program assessment in psychology, including curricular structure and related issues, introductory psychology, capstone courses, internships, research experiences and honors projects, graduate placement data, and routine academic program reviews. We close the article by offering assessment tips for program administrators.
Risk Factors for Recurrence After Arthroscopic Instability Repair—The Importance of Glenoid Bone Loss >15%, Patient Age, and Duration of Symptoms: A Matched Cohort Analysis
Authors: Dekker Travis J. , Peebles Liam A. , Bernhardson Andrew S. , Rosenberg Samuel I. , Murphy Colin P. , Golijanin Petar , Provencher Matthew T.
Published: September 2020

Background:

Glenoid bone loss (GBL) has been implicated as a risk factor for failure of arthroscopic anterior glenohumeral instability repair. Although certain amounts of GBL are associated with higher recurrence rates, there are limited studies on successes versus failures in these cohorts.

Purpose:

To compare the outcomes of arthroscopic Bankart repair in patients with and without GBL to determine a threshold percentage of GBL that predicts success.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

All consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair for anterior shoulder instability between 2004 and 2013 were prospectively enrolled. Patients with ≤25% GBL were included. Patients with no GBL were grouped and compared with those having 5% to 25% GBL. Outcomes included Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation, Western Ontario Shoulder Index, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores, with evidence of recurrent instability. Patients with and without GBL were statistically compared with respect to outcomes and recurrence rates.

Results:

Of 434 eligible patients, the cases of 405 (45 female, 360 male; mean age, 27.5 years [range, 18-47 years]) were followed for a mean 61 months (range, 48-96 months). There were 189 (46.6%) with no GBL and 216 (53.3%) with GBL; the mean GBL of the latter cohort was 15% (range, 5%-25%). The mean duration of instability symptoms was 7.9 months (range, 1-21 months) and was significantly longer in the GBL group ( P < .05). The mean recurrence rate was 14.8%, which was significantly greater in patients presenting with GBL versus those with none (48/216 [22.2%] vs 12/189 [6.3%]; P < .01). Within the GBL group, GBL ≥15%, duration of symptoms >5 months, and younger age (<20 years) were independent risk factors for failure ( P < .01). Patients with any GBL had >4-times greater odds of recurrence after arthroscopic stabilization (odds ratio, 4.21; 95% CI, 2.16-8.21). Moreover, patients presenting for arthroscopic Bankart repair with GBL ≥15% had nearly 3-times greater odds of recurrent instability.

Conclusion:

GBL ≥15% in an active patient population portends to increased odds of recurrent instability events and inferior clinical outcomes after arthroscopic Bankart repair. Furthermore, nonmodifiable risk factors, such as age (<20 years) and duration of symptoms before presentation (>5 months), significantly affect risk of recurrence and should be key factors when counseling patients on risk of failure and determining the ideal procedure for the individual patient.
Characterizing Family Physicians Who Refer to Telepsychiatry in Ontario
Authors: Serhal Eva , Iwajomo Tomisin , de Oliveira Claire , Crawford Allison , Kurdyak Paul
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Telepsychiatry can improve access to psychiatric services for those who otherwise cannot easily access care. Family physicians are gatekeepers to specialized care in Ontario, so it is essential to understand predictors relating to referrals to telepsychiatry to better plan services and increase telepsychiatry adoption.

Methods:

This study used an annual retrospective cross-sectional study design to compare physicians who referred their patients to telepsychiatry each year from fiscal year (FY) 2008 to FY 2016. A 1-year (FY 2016) comparison of family physicians who referred to telepsychiatry (FPTs) compared to family physicians who did not refer to telepsychiatry (FPNTs) matched (1:2) by region was also conducted. Finally, we used statistical modeling to understand the predictors of referring to telepsychiatry among physicians.

Results:

Between FY 2008 and FY 2016, the number of patients receiving telepsychiatry increased from 925 visits to 13,825 visits. Thirty-two percent of Ontario primary care physicians referred to telepsychiatry in 2016. Several characteristics were notably different between FPTs and FPNTs: FPTs were more likely to be from a residence with less than 10,000 people, to have more nurse practitioners in the practice, and to be from a family health team than FPNTs. Rostered patients of FPTs were more likely to reside in rural areas, have more clinical complexity, and to utilize more mental health services compared to FPNTs.

Conclusions:

There has been an increase in the use of telepsychiatry by patients and family physicians over the study period, although there remains opportunity for significant growth. Family physicians who live in rural areas, are part of an FHT, have more NPs, with more rural and complex patients were more likely to refer to telepsychiatry. As recent pro-telemedicine policies support the growth of telepsychiatry, this study will serve as an important baseline.
Research on the incidence of soft abrasive flow to a wall and the machining characteristics
Authors: Li Chen , Xu Qingduo , Ge Jiangqin , Guo Liming , Wei Shuang
Published: September 2020

In this study, a calculation model was proposed to predict the motion locus of particles moving to a wall in boundary layers. The velocity of soft abrasive flow and the incident angle of the particles were obtained based on the results calculated by the mixture model and realizable k–ε model. After the model formed, the distributions of the dynamic pressure and the volume fraction of abrasive particles were analyzed and compared to experimental results. After analysis, it was found that the amount of removed material is positively correlated with the incident velocity and the volume fraction of abrasive particles, as well as the dynamic pressure on the surface of the workpiece. In addition, the comparison shows that the numerical simulation method is feasible to predict the flow field and effect of soft abrasive flow. In addition, it was found that the simulation results are consistent with the flow field distribution and machining effect. Therefore, this model can be used in design of constrained modules.
Book review: Jaimin Vasa, Competitive Strategies for Indian SMEs, Lessons from China
Authors: Mitra Baishali
Published: September 2020

Jaimin Vasa, Competitive Strategies for Indian SMEs, Lessons from China, Mumbai, India: R.R. Sheth & Co. Pvt. Ltd. Publishing, 2017, 464 pp.
Intelligence, alcohol consumption, and adverse consequences. A study of young Norwegian men
Authors: Rogne Adrian F. , Pedersen Willy , Von Soest Tilmann
Published: September 2020

Aims:

Research suggests that intelligence is positively related to alcohol consumption. However, some studies of people born around 1950, particularly from Sweden, have reported that higher intelligence is associated with lower consumption and fewer alcohol-related problems. We investigated the relationships between intelligence, alcohol consumption, and adverse consequences of drinking in young men from Norway (a neighboring Scandinavian country) born in the late 1970s.

Methods:

This analysis was based on the population-based Young in Norway Longitudinal Study. Our sample included young men who had been followed from their mid-teens until their late 20s ( n = 1126). Measures included self-reported alcohol consumption/intoxication, alcohol use disorders (AUDIT), and a scale measuring adverse consequences of drinking. Controls included family background, parental bonding, and parents’ and peers’ drinking. Intelligence test scores—scaled in 9 “stanines” (population mean of 5 and standard deviation of 2)—were taken from conscription assessment.

Results:

Men with higher intelligence scores reported average drinking frequency and slightly fewer adverse consequences in their early 20s. In their late 20s, they reported more frequent drinking than men with lower intelligence scores (0.30 more occasions per week, per stanine, age adjusted; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0. 49). Intelligence was not associated with intoxication frequency at any age and did not moderate the relationships between drinking frequency and adverse consequences.

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that the relationship between intelligence and drinking frequency is age dependent. Discrepancies with earlier findings from Sweden may be driven by changes in drinking patterns.
Team Visibility and City Travel: Evidence From the UEFA Champions' League Random Draw
Authors: Caprettini Bruno
Published: September 2020

Does hosting a sports team boost the visibility of a city among tourists? I test this proposition by looking at the effect of playing soccer’s UEFA Champions' League on air travel. I compare routes across cities that had their teams randomly drawn into the same group in the first phase of the competition to routes across cities hosting teams randomly allocated to different groups. The average effect of being drawn into the same group is between 5% and 8% more arrivals for the 3 months following the group stage, a period which coincides with a break in the competition. The first appearance of a team in the competition has a larger impact on air travel, providing suggesting evidence of diminishing returns of exposure.
Validation of Modified Hertel Exophthalmometer
Authors: Jamal Rizwana Fathima , Azariah Emmanuel , Pandyan Deepak , Chinnaswami Ravindran
Published: September 2020

Study Design:

This is a correlation study.

Objective:

The objective was to obtain normative values from modified Hertel exophthalmometer, to compare difference in values between modified and standard Hertel exophthalmometer and to statistically analyze for correlation.

Methods:

The study to validate the modification done to Hertel exophthalmometer was performed at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at our institute. Informed consent was obtained from patients; measurement in 100 volunteers was made with Hertel and modified Hertel exophthalmometer by a single observer, and the measurements taken by the 2 devices were tabulated along with variables such as age and gender. Data were collected and statistical analysis was performed to compare and correlate the values between standard and modified exophthalmometer. Differences of ocular protrusion values in gender and age were also calculated.

Results:

There has been no statistically significant difference in the normative data between standard Hertel and modified Hertel exophthalmometer and in relation to age and gender.

Conclusions:

The modification of the Hertel exophthalmometer is validated and can also be used for relative exophthalmometry to assess the need for treatment and to evaluate the globe position and orbital volume intraoperatively. The proposed modification of the instrument allows it to be used in cases when one of the lateral orbital walls is fractured or displaced due to trauma.
Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Smell and Taste Disorders in COVID‐19
Authors: Ibekwe Titus Sunday , Fasunla Ayotunde James , Orimadegun Adebola Emmanuel
Published: September 2020

Objective

Loss of smell and taste are considered potential discriminatory symptoms indicating triaging for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and early case identification. However, the estimated prevalence essential to guide public health policy varies in published literature. This meta‐analysis aimed to estimate prevalence of smell and taste loss among COVID‐19 patients.

Data Sources

We conducted systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for studies published on the prevalence of smell and taste loss in COVID‐19 patients.

Review Methods

Two authors extracted data on study characteristics and the prevalence of smell and taste loss. Random‐effects modeling was used to estimate pooled prevalence. Subgroup analysis and meta‐regression were conducted to explore potential heterogeneity sources. This study used PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines.

Results

Twenty‐seven of 32 studies reported a prevalence of loss of smell, taste, or both from a combined sample of 20,451 COVID‐19 patients. The estimated global pooled prevalence of loss of smell among 19,424 COVID‐19 patients from 27 studies was 48.47% (95% CI, 33.78%‐63.29%). Loss of taste was reported in 20 studies and 8001 patients with an estimated pooled prevalence of 41.47% (95% CI, 3.13%‐31.03%), while 13 studies that reported combined loss of smell and taste in 5977 COVID‐19 patients indicated a pooled prevalence of 35.04% (95% CI, 22.03%‐49.26%).

Conclusions

The prevalence of smell and taste loss among COVID‐19 patients was high globally, and regional differences supported the relevance of these symptoms as important markers. Health workers must consider them as suspicion indices for empirical diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.
Activity of transgene-produced B-domain–deleted factor VIII in human plasma following AAV5 gene therapy
Authors: Rosen Steffen , Tiefenbacher Stefan , Robinson Mary , Huang Mei , Srimani Jaydeep , Mackenzie Donnie , Christianson Terri , Pasi K. John , Rangarajan Savita , Symington Emily , Giermasz Adam , Pierce Glenn F. , Kim Benjamin , Zoog Stephen J. , Vettermann Christian
Published: September 2020

Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapies can restore endogenous factor VIII (FVIII) expression in hemophilia A (HA). AAV vectors typically use a B-domain–deleted FVIII transgene, such as human FVIII-SQ in valoctocogene roxaparvovec (AAV5-FVIII-SQ). Surprisingly, the activity of transgene-produced FVIII-SQ was between 1.3 and 2.0 times higher in one-stage clot (OS) assays than in chromogenic-substrate (CS) assays, whereas recombinant FVIII-SQ products had lower OS than CS activity. Transgene-produced and recombinant FVIII-SQ showed comparable specific activity (international units per milligram) in the CS assay, demonstrating that the diverging activities arise in the OS assay. Higher OS activity for transgene-produced FVIII-SQ was observed across various assay kits and clinical laboratories, suggesting that intrinsic molecular features are potential root causes. Further experiments in 2 participants showed that transgene-produced FVIII-SQ accelerated early factor Xa and thrombin formation, which may explain the higher OS activity based on a kinetic bias between OS and CS assay readout times. Despite the faster onset of coagulation, global thrombin levels were unaffected. A correlation with joint bleeds suggested that both OS and CS assay remained clinically meaningful to distinguish hemophilic from nonhemophilic FVIII activity levels. During clinical development, the CS activity was chosen as a surrogate end point to conservatively assess hemostatic efficacy and enable comparison with recombinant FVIII-SQ products. Relevant trials are registered on clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02576795 and #NCT03370913 and, respectively, on EudraCT (European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials Database; https://eudract.ema.europa.eu) as #2014-003880-38 and #2017-003215-19.