bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wheeled mobility use outcomes: a systematic review protocol of measurement properties
Authors: Mendoza Kiera , Loeser Madison , Ouellet Béatrice , Best Krista L. , Rushton Paula W. , Kenyon Lisa K. , Hinrichs Rachel J. , Chase Tony
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Numerous tools have been developed to measure constructs related to wheelchair use. Currently, no toolkit comprehensively details assessments of wheeled mobility device use based on the quality of their measurement properties. The current review aims to systematically identify high-quality assessment tools that measure different aspects of wheeled mobility use.

Objective:

The objectives are two-fold: i) to synthesize outcome measures that assess use of wheeled mobility devices, and ii) to evaluate measurement properties of the assessment tools.

Inclusion criteria:

The populations of interest are manual wheelchair users, power wheelchair users, and scooter users of any age, diagnosis, or setting. Instruments of any type will be included.

Method:

The JBI methodology for systematic reviews of measurement properties will guide this review. A search strategy will be developed to search the following databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), PsycTests (EBSCOhost), Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The article selection process, data extraction, and quality appraisal will be performed by 2 independent reviewers, with a third reviewer being consulted to achieve consensus. The methodological quality of the studies will be assessed through the Consensus Standards for the Selection of Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) Risk of Bias tool and the COSMIN Checklist. The quality of the pooled evidence and individual measurement properties will be graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and the COSMIN Criteria for Good Measurement Properties recommendations. Measurement properties of each instrument will be described, with the goal of developing a toolkit that identifies appropriate assessment tools for wheeled mobility use outcomes.

Review registration:

PROSPERO CRD4202276169
Experimental Investigations of Heat Transfer in Simultaneously Developing Transitional Regime of Mixed Convection Flows in a Vertical Tube
Authors: Gorai Somenath , Samanta Devranjan , Das Sarit K.
Published: May 2024

The study of flow behavior in the simultaneously developing transitional regime of mixed convection flows is rare. It has been believed that the transitional regime will give a good compromise between pressure drop and heat transfer compared to laminar and turbulent flow regime. In this experimental study, the friction factor (f) and Nusselt number (Nu) characteristics for buoyancy-assisted and opposed flows of water in concurrently developing transitional regime of mixed convection through a vertical tube are studied. Experiments were done for Reynolds numbers (Re) varying from 500 to 15,000, Grashof numbers (Gr) from 1.25 × 104 to 5 × 106, Prandtl numbers (Pr) from 3 to 7, and Richardson numbers (Ri) from 0 to 0.1 subjected to uniform heat flux boundary conditions. A flow visualization provision after the test section which confirms an early transition in buoyancy-opposing flow (Rec = 2264) compared to buoyancy-aiding flow (Rec = 2468) at a fixed Ri of 0.1. Further, with the increase in Ri from 0 to 0.1, the average f decreases, and the average Nu increases in both aiding and opposing flows. It confirms that the onset of transition gets delayed with the increase of heat flux supplied in both the flows. Based on the present outcomes, an efficient heat exchanging device can be operated either to delay or advance the transition in a vertical pipe flow for optimum heat transfer.
Trauma informed support and supervision for child protection professionals: A model for those working with children who have experienced trauma, abuse and neglect and their families
Authors: Weld Nicki
Published: May 2024

Review of Trauma informed support and supervision for child protection professionals: A model for those working with children who have experienced trauma, abuse and neglect and their families by Fiona Oates. Routledge, Taylor and Francis, Oxford, 2023. ISBN 978-0-367-45895-9, pp.112, Paperback, NZD60.79.
Social Work with the Black African Diaspora
Authors: Oyinlola Oluwagbemiga
Published: May 2024

Review of Social Work with the Black African Diaspora by Paul Michael Garrett and Marovatsanga Washington. Bristol University Press, Ireland, 2022. ISBN 9781447363101, pp.224, UKP85.00 (hardback); UKP27.99 (ePUB)
The Intrinsic Properties of ActiGraph Counts and Alternatives
Authors: Brønd Jan Christian , Møller Niels Christian , Grøntved Anders
Published: May 2024

There are currently several methods available to generate summary measures from acceleration, while ActiGraph (AG) counts as the first method to be used at large scale. The recent disclosure of the AG counts method exposes its intrinsic properties, which has not been accessible before. The intrinsic properties are the raw acceleration processing elements like filtering, rectification, or dead-band elimination, which are used to estimate physical activity intensity. The aim of this technical note is to compare the intrinsic properties of AG counts method with five alternatives (Euclidean Norm Minus One, mean average deviation, Activity Index, Rate of Change Accelerometry Movement, and Monitor-Independent Movement Summary) and how rescaling of AG counts and Monitor-Independent Movement Summary/minute into the International System of Units can be used to harmonize all summary measures and facilitate direct comparison. A total of 12 intrinsic properties are compared, and the overview demonstrates that there is large diversity regarding the specific intrinsic property elements being included, and with Monitor-Independent Movement Summary to be the only summary measure, which has been developed considering all elements. The harmonized output generated from all summary methods is highly comparable within common activities, but to obtain a robust summary measure recorded in subjects during free-living conditions, more research is warranted to evaluate the effect of the different intrinsic properties.
Supplemental Material: Globally significant mass of terrestrial organic carbon efficiently transported by canyon-flushing turbidity currents
Authors: Baker Megan L. , al. et
Published: May 2024

Supplemental methods (deployment and specification of monitoring equipment, turbidity current identification, time-lapse seafloor surveys, analysis of sediment samples, and organic carbon budget calculations); Tables S1–S5; Figure S1.  
Supplemental Material: Pleistocene to recent evolution of Mocho-Choshuenco volcano during growth and retreat of the Patagonian Ice Sheet
Authors: Moreno-Yaeger Pablo , al. et
Published: May 2024

Figures S1–S3 and Tables S1–S5. 
Unilateral avascular necrosis of the right hip in an HIV patient with tearing of the rectus femoris and adductor longus muscles
Authors: Raza Syed , Khan Nazia
Published: May 2024

A man in his 20s with a medical history of syphilis, chlamydia and HIV presented to the emergency department (ED) with 2 months of right hip pain and was found to have advanced avascular necrosis (AVN) of the right femoral head with secondary haemorrhage. The patient lacked the common risk factors of AVN in patients with HIV (PWH): ≥10 years of HIV diagnosis, extended duration on highly active antiretroviral therapy, trauma, corticosteroid use, alcohol abuse, systemic lupus erythematosus, obesity, smoking and dyslipidaemia. Given the extensive destructive changes in the hip joint and muscles, a right hip resection arthroplasty was performed, and the patient recovered well postoperatively. This case presents a learning opportunity for understanding bone pathologies in PWH and offers clinical guidance for the management of HIV-infected patients with a focus on optimising bone health.
Case of cervicodorsal tuberculosis involving seven contiguous vertebrae in a young child
Authors: Sahu Arpit , Bansal Tungish , Borkar Sachin A
Published: May 2024

We present a rare case of a male child in middle childhood who presented to the emergency department with neck pain, neck deformity, low-grade fever, breathing difficulty and swallowing difficulty. The patient had a significant history of weight loss and loss of appetite. On examination, neurological deficits were observed, including mildly increased tone in bilateral lower limbs, reduced power in both lower limbs, exaggerated knee and ankle jerks, and upgoing plantar reflexes. Radiographs and MRI revealed a kyphotic deformity with apex at the T1 vertebra, lytic lesions in seven contiguous vertebrae and a large prevertebral abscess extending from C2 to T5. The patient underwent a posterior-only surgical approach with decompression, abscess drainage and stabilisation, resulting in successful cord decompression and correction of the kyphotic deformity. At 18 months follow-up, the patient is doing well with improvement to normal neurology and full return of a child to normal activities.
Exploring the association between Frailty Index and low back pain in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a cross-sectional analysis of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)
Authors: Qing Lunxue , Zhu Yingying , Feng Lan , Wang Xiyou , Sun Ya-Nan , Yu Changhe , Ni Jinxia
Published: May 2024

Objectives

This study explored the association between the Frailty Index (FI) and low back pain (LBP) in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. We hypothesised that a higher FI correlates with increased LBP prevalence.

Design

Cross-sectional analysis.

Setting

The study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) across various regions of China.

Participants

The analysis included 6375 participants aged 45 and above with complete LBP and FI data from the CHARLS for 2011, 2013 and 2015. We excluded individuals under 45, those with incomplete LBP data, participants with fewer than 30 health deficit items and those missing covariate data.

Outcome measures

We constructed an FI consisting of 35 health deficits. Logistic multivariable regression examined the relationship between FI and LBP, using threshold analysis to identify inflection points. Sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of the findings.

Results

Of the participants, 27.2% reported LBP. A U-shaped association was observed between FI and LBP, with the highest quartile (Q4, FI ≥0.23) showing more than a twofold increased risk of LBP (OR=2.90, 95% CI: 2.45–3.42, p<0.001). Stratified analysis showed a significant association in participants under 60, particularly in the lowest FI quartile (OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.79). Sensitivity analysis upheld the robustness of the primary results.

Conclusions

The findings suggest a complex relationship between frailty and LBP, highlighting the need for early screening and tailored interventions to manage LBP in this demographic. Further research is necessary to understand the mechanisms of this association and to validate the findings through longitudinal studies.
Unjust organ markets and why it is irrelevant that selling a kidney is the best option
Authors: Albertsen Andreas
Published: May 2024

An important argument against prohibiting organ sales is that it removes the best option available to individuals in dire circumstances. However, this line of reasoning fails to recognise that selling a kidney on a regulated market is only the best option in a very narrow comparison, where a regulated organ market is compared with banning organ sales. Once we acknowledge this narrowness, selling a kidney is not the best option. This paves the way for a distributive justice-based critique of the ‘best option’ argument for organ markets, which illuminates that organ markets should be compared with a broader set of alternatives. If providing the option of selling a kidney is not the best option, but rather the best option we are willing to provide, and one which means that many people will remain in poverty and unjust circumstances, then this reflects poorly on those societies willing to offer only this option and not a better one.
Transit cosmological models in $$F(R,{\bar{T}})$$ gravity theory
Authors: Maurya Dinesh Chandra , Myrzakulov Ratbay
Published: May 2024

In the present paper, we investigate some exact cosmological models in $$F(R,{\bar{T}})$$

F
(
R
,

T

¯

)

gravity theory. We have considered the arbitrary function $$F(R, {\bar{T}})=R+\lambda {\bar{T}}$$

F
(
R
,

T

¯

)
=
R
+
λ

T

¯

where $$\lambda $$
λ
is an arbitrary constant, $$R, {\bar{T}}$$

R
,

T

¯

are respectively, the Ricci-scalar curvature and the torsion. We have solved the field equations in a flat FLRW spacetime manifold for Hubble parameter and using the MCMC analysis, we have estimated the best fit values of model parameters with $$1-\sigma , 2-\sigma , 3-\sigma $$

1
-
σ
,
2
-
σ
,
3
-
σ

regions, for two observational datasets like H(z) and Pantheon SNe Ia datasets. Using these best fit values of model parameters, we have done the result analysis and discussion of the model. We have found a transit phase decelerating-accelerating universe model with transition redshifts $$z_{t}=0.4438_{-0.0790}^{+0.1008}, 0.3651_{-0.0904}^{+0.1644}$$

z
t

=
0
.

4438

-
0.0790

+
0.1008

,
0
.

3651

-
0.0904

+
0.1644

. The effective dark energy equation of state varies as $$-1\le \omega _{de}\le -0.5176$$

-
1
≤

ω

de

≤
-
0.5176

and the present age of the universe is found as $$t_{0}=13.8486_{-0.0640}^{+0.1005}, 12.0135_{-0.2743}^{+0.6206}$$

t
0

=
13
.

8486

-
0.0640

+
0.1005

,
12
.

0135

-
0.2743

+
0.6206

Gyrs, respectively for two datasets.
Charged scalar bosons in a Bonnor–Melvin-$$\varLambda $$ universe at conical approximation
Authors: Castro Luis B. , Obispo Angel E. , Jirón Andrés G.
Published: May 2024

The quantum dynamics of charged scalar bosons in a Bonnor–Melvin-$$\varLambda $$
Λ
universe is considered. In this study, the behavior of charged scalar bosons is explored within the framework of the Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau (DKP) formalism. Adopting a conical approximation $$(\varLambda \ll 1),$$

(
Λ
≪
1
)
,

we are considered two scenarios for the vector potential: a linear and quadratic vector potentials. In particular, the effects of this background in the equation of motion, phase shift, S-matrix, energy spectrum and DKP spinor are analyzed and discussed.
Stepwise ordering under nano-scale confinement in thin silica films
Authors: Pramanik Subrata , Biswas Ripan Kumar , Mukhopadhyay Mrinmay Kumar , Ghosh Jiten , Datta Alokmay
Published: May 2024

The phase transition from an amorphous 2D structure to a crystalline 3D structure under confinement is a fascinating and challenging problem in materials science and condensed matter physics. This work reports the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray reflectivity (XRR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) studies on pristine silica thin films. Silica was deposited on pristine Al (001) substrate (Alfa-Aesar) from tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) precursor and thin films were spin-coated at different spinning frequencies under ambient conditions. The samples are highly porous and in-plane porosity varies from 30% to 60% as analyzed from both the FESEM and XRR and with increasing spinning frequency pores become more ordered. XRR shows that the samples are composed of two layers, a thick layer of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) as buffer layer and a layer of SiO2 on the top of the film. XRR shows sharp ordering rather than any layering. The film thickness varies from 90[Formula: see text]Å to 200[Formula: see text]Å and it shows a linear decay in the thickness of silica layer. In between 1000 and 1500[Formula: see text]rpm, XRR shows a sharp drop in the thickness of silica layer where thickness of this layer falls below the unit-cell dimension indicating higher-ordered crystallization under strained condition. XRD shows that there are no crystalline peaks coming from silica at lower rpm except the peaks of Al coming from the substrate. At 1000, 1200 and 1500[Formula: see text]rpm there is peak corresponding to the quartz, highly crystalline phase of SiO2 and where the substrate is slightly modified Al2O3. Reflection from (101) plane is prominent in all the films and it gives indication of formation 3D crystalline phase. Whereas FTIR shows that the Si–O stretching modes exhibit sharper and more defined reflectance peak compared to the broad bands observed in the samples in lower rpm. Observations suggest a clear indication of progressive ordering under confinement. To one extent, the results of XRR and FESEM will suggest the mechanism of transition from 2D amorphous to 3D crystalline phase under geometrical confinement effect and total confinement effect arising from thinning of the films with the increasing rpm, interfacial effect and on the other hand XRD and FTIR results will explain high ordering under confinement without any layering.
Theoretical investigation of collective motion in some liquid metals using pseudopotential approach
Authors: Jani Mayank H. , Malan Rajesh C. , Vora Aditya M.
Published: May 2024

The collective motions are studied using a recently created pseudopotential and some elastic constants. This paper involves the calculations of the collective motions like phonon dispersion curves (PDCs) for longitudinal and transverse frequencies ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]), longitudinal sound velocity ([Formula: see text]), transverse sound velocity ([Formula: see text]), isothermal bulk modulus (B), modulus of rigidity (G), Young’s modulus (Y), Poisson’s ratio [Formula: see text], Debye temperature ([Formula: see text]) of some monovalent (Na), divalent (Mg) and polyvalent liquid metals (Al, Pb, Bi). This investigation is based upon the theory of pseudopotential of second-order approach via the equations of Hubbard and Beeby (HB). [Formula: see text] The pair correlation function is calculated from the different mean spherical approximation (MSA), one-component plasma (OCP) and optimized random phase approximation (ORPA) structure factors employed in this work. Three different types of local field correction (screening) functions proposed by Hartree (H), Taylor (T) and Nagy (N) are utilized in this paper. The current findings are found to be in qualitative accord with experimental and theoretical data.
Left Frobenius Pairs, Cotorsion Pairs and Weak Auslander-Buchweitz Contexts in Triangulated Categories
Authors: Ma Xin , Zhao Tiwei , Huang Zhaoyong
Published: May 2024

Let [Formula: see text] be a triangulated category with a proper class [Formula: see text] of triangles. We introduce the notions of left Frobenius pairs, left ([Formula: see text]-)cotorsion pairs and left (weak) Auslander-Buchweitz contexts with respect to [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text]. We show how to construct left cotorsion pais from left [Formula: see text]-cotorsion pairs, and establish a one-to-one correspondence between left Frobenius pairs and left (weak) Auslander-Buchweitz contexts. Some applications are given in the Gorenstein homological theory of triangulated categories.
Vibration suppression control methods for two-link flexible manipulators
Authors: Wang Chenyang , Wang Danyang , Liu Zishun
Published: May 2024

Two-link flexible manipulators experience elastic vibrations due to the flexibility of the links and joints during operation. These elastic vibrations could further affect the trajectory tracking accuracy and reduce the stability of the manipulator. To address this issue, this study proposes a control method for trajectory tracking and vibration suppression to enhance system stability. The dynamic equations for two types of underactuated flexible manipulators are established. The controllers are developed based on derived dynamic equations using a composite control approach. Based on the singular perturbation decomposition method, composite controller can complete the trajectory tracking task and perform the suppression task of the vibration of flexible components, respectively. This enables the flexible manipulator to reduce instability influence caused by elastic vibrations during trajectory tracking, and the amplitude of elastic vibration is controlled in a small range. To verify the effectiveness of proposed control methods, we simulate two types of dual flexible manipulator systems with rigid joints and flexible joints. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control methods.
Effect of Operating Conditions on the Capacity of Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Ma Tao , Huang Zebo , Li Bin , Xie Xing , Huang Cao , Lin Tong , Guo Zhenwei
Published: May 2024

Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) present a viable solution to address the intermittent power output challenge associated with wind and solar energy generation. However, their development is impeded by their low energy density and high cost. To achieve the objective of cost reduction, it is crucial to optimize operating conditions, minimize capacity loss, and enhance battery performance. Through meticulous experimental analysis, this study thoroughly examines the impact of membrane thickness, current density, flow rate, and self-discharge on battery capacity. The experimental findings reveal that an increase in membrane thickness results in elevated resistance to proton transport, thereby weakening electrochemical reactions. Moreover, surpassing critical values for current density and flow rate also leads to a decrease in capacity. Prolonged shelving induces severe self-discharge reactions that accelerate deterioration of capacity fade. This research suggests that obtaining optimal operational parameters can effectively mitigate battery capacity fade.
The Impact of Voluntary Assisted Dying on Grief and Bereavement for Family Members and Carers in the Australian State of Victoria: A Qualitative Study
Authors: La Brooy Camille , Russell Hayley , Lewis Sophie , Komesaroff Paul
Published: May 2024

Prior to its introduction in Australia, many people opposed euthanasia—or voluntary assisted dying as it is known—because of its potentially detrimental impact on grief and bereavement outcomes for family members and carers. We examine the novel experiences of grief and bereavement of VAD for family members and carers who were going through, had gone through, or were contemplating VAD, juxtaposing the international literature on grief and bereavement. As such, 42 semistructured interviews with family members and carers were undertaken in the state of Victoria, which was the first jurisdiction to legislate in favour of VAD. Interviews explored many themes around end‐of‐life decision‐making in order to ascertain the ways in which VAD helped or hindered grief and bereavement processes. A thematic analysis of the interview data was undertaken using QSR NVivo software. Four key themes were identified: values and meaning‐making, expression of a continuing bond, anticipatory grief, and the burden of care associated with supporting loved ones going through VAD. These themes were juxtaposed with the key literature on grief and bereavement to demonstrate how VAD presents novel challenges for carers. We argue that while VAD deaths share similar characteristics to other deaths; in some respects, grief and bereavement outcomes for family members and carers are unique. For family members and carers helping a loved one go through VAD, they were able to derive a sense of meaning from fulfilling their wishes and striving for them to have a “good death”; they were able to maintain a bond with them through advocacy of VAD and unique rituals; and they were able to plan and prepare effectively by knowing the exact time of death. Family members and carers also noted that VAD presents some significant challenges for grief and bereavement, especially in terms of the impact of VAD on familial relationships and burdens associated with moral predicaments. Nonetheless, VAD was generally viewed positively by family members and carers, who expressed gratitude for mitigating their loved one’s suffering.
Enhancement of Reflood Test Prediction by Integrating Machine Learning and Data Assimilation Technique
Authors: Tiep Nguyen Huu , Kim Jong-Sung , Jeong Hae-Yong , Kim Kyung-Doo , Xuan-Mung Nguyen , Tran Hoai-Nam , Anh Nguyen Ngoc
Published: May 2024

Data assimilation (DA) was revealed as a highly efficient approach to enhance the prediction’s accuracy, demonstrating the reliability of the simulation through uncertainty quantification analysis. However, in the numerical simulations, most of the tasks are highly nonlinear relationships between the parameters that directly affect the efficiency of the DA such as the large search space dimension, resulting in significant computational costs. This limitation can be overcome by implementing machine learning (ML) predictions that can efficiently expand the DA search space. Therefore, this study is aimed at enhancing the performance of DA by integrating ML and DA (IMD), proposing a new method to overcome the stand‐alone DA limitations. The approach involved implementing a stand‐alone DA using the multidimensional analysis of reactor safety (MARS) code to enhance the prediction of reflood tests. The output datasets obtained from the stand‐alone DA were then used to train the deep neural networks (DNNs), and the accuracy of the DNN’s prediction was thoroughly evaluated with varying dataset sizes. This DNN subsequently can predict the enormous unobserved samples, enabling the identification and investigation of the prospective candidates for the subsequent DA process. The results demonstrated that the stand‐alone DA achieved an accuracy enhancement of up to 41.3% in reflood test predictions, while the IMD yielded even more significant improvements, with a performance enhancement of 47.0%. These findings reveal that the IMD approach outperformed the stand‐alone DA approach, particularly in the case of high flooding rate tests. In this context, the proposed integrating system can effectively overcome the high computational cost and enhance the performance of stand‐alone DA.
Existence Results for the System of Fractional-Order Sequential Integrodifferential Equations via Liouville–Caputo Sense
Authors: Awadalla Muath , Murugesan Manigandan , Muthaiah Subramanian , Alahmadi Jihan
Published: May 2024

We investigate the conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions in a nonlinear system of sequential fractional differential equations using the Liouville–Caputo type with varying orders. This system is enriched by nonlocal coupled integral boundary conditions. The desired outcomes are attained by employing traditional fixed-point theorems. It is essential to emphasize that the fixed-point approach proves to be an effective method for establishing the existence of solutions in boundary value problems. Furthermore, we provide constructed examples to illustrate the obtained results.
What Are the Reliable Plasma Biomarkers for Mild Cognitive Impairment? A Clinical 4D Proteomics Study and Validation
Authors: Hou Zhitao , Sun Ailin , Li Yan , Song Xiaochen , Liu Shu , Hu Xinying , Luan Yihan , Guan Huibo , He Changyuan , Sun Yuefeng , Chen Jing
Published: May 2024

Objective. At present, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) lacks effective treatment means, and early diagnosis and intervention are the keys to treatment. Therefore, for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD patients, blood sample analysis using the 4D nonstandard (label-free) proteomic in-depth quantitative analysis, looking for specific protein marker expression differences, is important. These marker levels change as AD progresses, and the analysis of these biomarkers changes with this method, which has the potential to show the degree of disease progression and can be used for the diagnosis and preventive treatment of MCI and AD. Materials and Methods. Patients were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into three groups according to scale scores. Elderly patients diagnosed with AD were selected as the AD group (n = 9). Patients diagnosed with MCI were classified into the MCI group (n = 10). Cognitively healthy elderly patients were included in the normal cognition control group (n = 10). Patients’ blood samples were used for 4D label-free proteomic in-depth quantitative analysis to identify potential blood biomarkers. The sample size of each group was expanded (n = 30), and the selected biomarkers were verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to verify the accuracy of the proteomic prediction. Results. Six specific blood markers, namely, APOE, MMP9, UBR5, PLA2G7, STAT5B, and S100A8, were detected by 4D label-free proteomic quantitative analysis. These markers showed a statistically significant upregulation trend in the MCI and AD groups compared with the normal cognition control group (P<0.05). ELISA results showed that the levels of these six proteins in the MCI group were significantly higher than those in the normal cognition control group, and the levels of these six proteins in the AD group were significantly higher than those in the MCI group (P<0.05). Conclusion. The plasma levels of APOE, MMP9, UBR5, PLA2G7, STAT5B, and S100A8 in cognitively healthy elderly patients and patients with MCI and AD were significantly different and, more importantly, showed a trend of increasing expression. These results indicate that these six human plasma markers have important diagnostic and therapeutic potential in the identification of cognitive impairment and have value for in-depth research and clinical application.
FIGURE 5 from Comparative Epigenetic Profiling Reveals Distinct Features of Mucosal Melanomas Associated with Immune Cell Infiltration and Their Clinical Implications
Authors: Dai Jie , Jia Jia , Zhang Fanshuang , Liu Kaihua , Xi Yanfeng , Yuan Pei , Mao Lili , Bai Xue , Wei Xiaoting , Wang Bingning , Li Jiangtao , Xu Yang , Liu Ting , Chang Shuang , Shao Yang , Guo Jun , Ying Jianming , Si Lu
Published: May 2024

More M1 and M2 macrophages, CD8+ T cells, and activated CD4+ memory T cells infiltrated in PMME compared with NEMM. A, Representative mIF image of M1 and M2 macrophages. B, Representative mIF image of CD8+ T cells and activated CD4+ memory T cells. SOX10, CD68, CD45RO, and CD69 as markers for melanoma cells, macrophages, memory T, and activated T cells cells, respectively. CD80 was employed to label M1 macrophages, while CD163 and CD206 were used to label M2 macrophages. The ratio of M1 (C) and M2 (D) to total macrophages in PMME, NEMM, and controls. The positive rate of CD8+ T cells (E) and activated CD4+ memory T cells (F) in PMME, NEMM, and controls (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001).
FIGURE 2 from Comparative Epigenetic Profiling Reveals Distinct Features of Mucosal Melanomas Associated with Immune Cell Infiltration and Their Clinical Implications
Authors: Dai Jie , Jia Jia , Zhang Fanshuang , Liu Kaihua , Xi Yanfeng , Yuan Pei , Mao Lili , Bai Xue , Wei Xiaoting , Wang Bingning , Li Jiangtao , Xu Yang , Liu Ting , Chang Shuang , Shao Yang , Guo Jun , Ying Jianming , Si Lu
Published: May 2024

Association of epigenetic features with prognosis in patients with PMME. A, Comparison of methylation levels of selected DMRs (statistically significant in multivariate analysis) among PMME, NEMM, and normal controls. B, Kaplan–Meier curve of OS of patients with PMME stratified on the basis of the risk score derived from the 7-DMR panel–based COX model. C, ROC curve depicting the prediction performance of 7-DMR panel–based COX model for patients survival status at 12, 18, and 24 months, assessed using LOOCV. Kaplan–Meier curve of OS in the entire queue of patients with mucosal melanomas (D) and inTCGA-SKCM cohort stratified on the basis of the risk score derived from the 7-DMR panel–based COX model (E).
FIGURE 1 from Comparative Epigenetic Profiling Reveals Distinct Features of Mucosal Melanomas Associated with Immune Cell Infiltration and Their Clinical Implications
Authors: Dai Jie , Jia Jia , Zhang Fanshuang , Liu Kaihua , Xi Yanfeng , Yuan Pei , Mao Lili , Bai Xue , Wei Xiaoting , Wang Bingning , Li Jiangtao , Xu Yang , Liu Ting , Chang Shuang , Shao Yang , Guo Jun , Ying Jianming , Si Lu
Published: May 2024

PMME had a distinct epigenetic profile when compared with NEMM and normal controls. A, Schematic representation of the study design and methodology. Methyl-seq, methylation sequencing; mIF, multiplex immunofluorescence; QC, quality control. B, The number of hypermethylated and hypomethylated DMRs between PMME, NEMM, and normal controls. C, The unsupervised clustering of DMRs in the promoter regions between PMME and normal controls. D, The unsupervised clustering of DMRs in the promoter regions between PMME and NEMM.
Case Report: Treatment of akinetic mutism after unilateral anterior cerebral artery infarction with methylphenidate and levodopa/benserazide
Authors: Zibold Julia , Schmidbauer Moritz Luigi , Wischmann Johannes , Dimitriadis Konstantinos
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Akinetic mutism is a severe state of impaired volition that can result from a stroke. Its therapeutic evidence relies on single case reports that used atomoxetine or levodopa with variable latency and efficacy.
Case presentation: We present the case of a 54-year-old woman who developed akinetic mutism after infarction in the territory of the right anterior cerebral artery, successfully treated with methylphenidate and levodopa/benserazide. Clinical examination showed a patient lacking any spontaneous speech and movement while opening her eyes and fixating. Suspecting akinetic mutism after a comprehensive diagnostic work-up, we started an individual therapy attempt with methylphenidate 10 mg and levodopa/benserazide 100/25 mg twice daily. Both drugs affect the dopaminergic and noradrenergic transmission in the frontal-subcortical circuit, compromised in akinetic mutism. We saw rapid and sustained improvement in her volitional actions, devoid of side effects. Finally, the patient was actively communicating and moving her limbs.
Conclusion: We discuss the patient's favorable clinical course in response to the synergistic combination of methylphenidate and levodopa/benserazide, emerging as a promising treatment strategy, and provide a brief literature review of treatment options in akinetic mutism following stroke.
Páginas Legales
Authors: Bernal Cerquera Alba Lucía
Published: May 2024

En este espacio se encontrarán las páginas que contienen la siguiente información: Comité Editorial, Comité Científico, Árbitros y contenidos de la Revista Aletheia
La articulación de la educación media con la educación superior, su análisis a partir del concepto de dispositivo
Authors: Zamudio Clavijo Héctor Gonzalo , Velásquez Moreno Jairo Rodrigo
Published: May 2024

El presente escrito se centra en el análisis de la política de articulación de la educación media con la educación superior, vista como un dispositivo que constituye subjetividades éticas, políticas y epistémicas en el contexto de las instituciones educativas.

Este análisis se llevó a cabo a partir de la tercera línea o dimensión del dispositivo relacionada con la subjetivación[1] descrita por Deleuze (1990), desde la que es posible evidenciar líneas de fisura o de fractura que permiten pensar en establecer reorientaciones tanto de los lineamientos gubernamentales como de las prácticas institucionales de la política.

En este sentido, se hace un estudio de tipo arqueológico y genealógico que permite identificar cinco ejes de reflexión y crítica de la implementación de la política educativa en relación con la constitución de subjetividades, tales como la tensión entre lo que plantea la política y su enfoque hacia la formación para el trabajo y la empleabilidad; su funcionamiento como aparato de captura; el conflicto que se evidencia en los diversos enunciados entre el concepto de competencias y capacidades y la propuesta explícita de una educación para toda la vida en la línea de la formación del capital humano y la articulación.
Sistematización de la sublínea de investigación en socialización política de la Maestría en Desarrollo Educativo y Social
Authors: Roa Mendoza Claudia Patricia , Portugal Ortiz Víctor Manuel , Armando Fandiño Nixon
Published: May 2024

La necesidad de evidenciar el origen, desarrollo y consolidación de la sublínea en socialización política de la Maestría en Desarrollo Social y Educativo UPN-CINDE, a partir de la sistematización como metodología de trabajo, implicó un proceso en espiral vinculando el ejercicio reflexivo como eje fundamental de desarrollo. A partir de tesis, documentos grises, artículos, entre otros, y de dos entrevistas a actores vinculados con la sublínea, se logran recoger las experiencias y prácticas como un proceso constructivo y dialógico, en el cualse asocian y evidencian intereses, intenciones, planes a realizar. Teniendo en cuenta los parámetros utilizados, este ejercicio de sistematización implicó desarrollar la propuesta en cuatro tiempos, a saber: línea de investigación:definición y elementos, reflexiones teóricas, propuestas investigativas a futuro y algunas conclusiones. No consistió en una investigación histórica, ya que aunque se mencionan algunos de los periodos de desarrollo, el énfasis se hace en la plataforma conceptual construida desde la sublínea, la cual es propuesta desde una cartografía temática, y se plantean posibles proyecciones para esta, alentando un desarrollo más prospectivo.
Review of the Ticagrelor Trials Evidence Base
Authors: Herron Grace C. , Bates Eric R.
Published: May 2024

Ticagrelor is a platelet P2Y
12
receptor inhibitor approved for use in patients with acute coronary syndromes, coronary artery disease, and low‐moderate risk acute ischemic stroke or high‐risk transient ischemic attack. Clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor on ischemic and bleeding outcomes for different indications and with varying treatment approaches. As a result, there is a large body of clinical evidence demonstrating different degrees of net clinical benefit compared with other platelet inhibitor drugs based on indication, patient characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment duration, and other factors. We provide a review of the major trials of ticagrelor in the context of other randomized trials of clopidogrel and prasugrel to organize the volume of available information, elevate corroborating and conflicting data, and identify potential gaps as areas for further exploration of optimal antiplatelet treatment.
Association Between Changes in Smoking Habits and Incident Fracture After Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lee Jeen Hwa , Han Kyung‐Do , Cheon Dae Young , Lee Minwoo
Published: May 2024

Background

Survivors of stroke, particularly the older population, are at an increased risk of falls and incident fractures. Smoking is a widely recognized risk factor for fractures. However, the association between changes in smoking habits before and after an index stroke and increased risk of fracture remains unelucidated.

Methods and Results

Using the Korean National Health Insurance program, patients with ischemic stroke between 2010 and 2016 were enrolled. Individuals were classified by smoking habits: “never smoker,” “former smoker,” “smoking quitter,” “new smoker,” and “sustained smoker.” The primary outcome was the composite outcome of the vertebral, hip, and any fractures. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was conducted, using the never‐smoker group as the reference. Among 177 787 patients with health screening data within 2 years before and after ischemic stroke, 14 991 (8.43%) patients had any fractures. After multivariable adjustment, the sustained smokers had a significantly increased risk of composite primary outcomes of any, vertebral, and hip fractures (adjusted HR [aHR], 1.222 [95% CI, 1.124–1.329]; aHR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.13–1.428]; aHR, 1.502 [95% CI, 1.218–1.853], respectively). Additionally, the new smoker group exhibited a similar or higher risk of any fractures and hip fractures (aHR, 1.218 [95% CI, 1.062–1.397]; aHR, 1.772 [95% CI, 1.291–2.431], respectively).

Conclusions

Sustained smokers had a significantly increased risk of vertebral and hip fractures after an ischemic stroke. The risk of any hip fractures was higher in new smokers after ischemic stroke. As poststroke fractures are detrimental to the rehabilitation process of patients with stroke, physicians should actively advise patients to stop smoking.
The Language of the Doxologies in Daniel
Authors: Oparah Thaddeus Nduka
Published: May 2024

This article provides a close analysis of the language of the doxologies in the book of Daniel. Three types of observations raise the question whether the Danielic doxologies might be redactional: 1) the language of the doxologies differs from the language of the stories in Dan 2–6; 2) the doxologies exhibit some formulaic expressions that also occur in other texts (Ps 145, 11QSefer ha-Milhamah, 4QApocryphon of Daniel AR, and 4QSongs of the Sageb); 3) the doxologies express the notion that God’s sovereignty surpasses that of human kings, which underscores the theological conviction found in Dan 2–6 and Dan 7 and forms a literary link between them; but only some of them thereby also express that God’s sovereignty is eternal. Based on such observations, this article attempts to reconstruct some of the redactional activities in Dan 2–6 and argues that the doxologies were added (and expanded) at different stages in the growth of Daniel.
Traumatic Abdominal Wall Hernia: Management Using a Standardized Approach
Authors: Mejia Morales Hector G. , Lee Sumin , Reed Tanner D. , Greiffenstein Patrick P. , Schoen Jonathan E. , Stuke Lance E. , Hunt John P. , Marr Alan B. , Harrell Kevin N. , Smith Alison A.
Published: May 2024

Traumatic abdominal wall hernias are a rare complication of high energy blunt trauma. There exist several studies evaluating and outlining potential management options but still no generalized consensus on management. This series was meant to evaluate the diagnosis and management of traumatic abdominal wall hernias. A prospectively maintained database was used to identify patients with TAWH from 2021 to 2022. The primary outcome was operative management. Secondary outcomes included: time to diagnosis and post-operative outcomes. Of the 19 patients in this case series, 100% (n = 19/19) were secondary to blunt trauma with a mean ISS of 21. Exploratory laparotomy was performed in 17 cases. 14 cases had concomitant traumatic injuries to visceral structures. Complications were found in nearly half of the patients with 3 experiencing wound dehiscence. Future studies should be aimed at standardizing management approach taking into account nature of the mechanism and concomitant injuries.
Critical Analysis of United States Counternarcotics Strategies in Afghanistan
Authors: Besmel Parwez , Baah Nana Kwame
Published: May 2024

Between 2002 and 2018, the United States allocated $8.87 billion to counternarcotics efforts in Afghanistan, focusing on eradication, seizure, and alternative crops. Despite significant investments, Afghanistan emerged as the primary global opium supplier, responsible for 80% of opium production. Available data from 2001 to 2020 show that successful eradication and interdiction measures led to the destruction of 85,411 hectares of poppy fields and seizures of 679.05 tons of opium, yet cultivation reached 3,238,000 hectares and production reached 105,585 tons during the same period. The promotion of alternative crop projects inadvertently facilitated opium cultivation in some areas, as foreign aid empowered recipients to exploit resources contrary to their intended goals. Insecurity, weak governance, corruption, and the involvement of the elite are some of the factors for increased opium cultivation in Afghanistan. We argue that methods of foreign aid delivery, coupled with these four factors, rendered the whole enterprise of counternarcotics efforts ineffective.
Re-enchanting the World: Pope Francis’s Critique of the “Technocratic Paradigm” in Laudato Si’ and Laudate Deum
Authors: O’Neill William
Published: May 2024

The first part of this article offers a systemic comparison of Pope Francis’s “integral ecology” with the “technocratic paradigm.” The second part is devoted to an internal critique of the paradigm: (i) the primacy accorded instrumental causality in a “disenchanted world,” (ii) the technical reduction of prudence, and (iii) the consequent fragmentation of ethical systems. The critique supports key aspects of Francis’s ecological ethics: the option for the poor, intergenerational responsibility, and recognition of the intrinsic value of nonhuman nature. The third part shows how such an internal critique underwrites the uses of religious rhetoric in public reasoning: the re-enchantment of the world.
Is There an End to the Theatrical Play? Hans Urs von Balthasar’s Understanding of the Beatific Vision in Relation to the Theo-Drama
Authors: Liu Li-Wei
Published: May 2024

Hans Urs von Balthasar’s teaching on the beatific vision has been drawing scholarly attention. By building upon the works of Thomas Dalzell, Aidan Nichols, and Anne Carpenter, I advance the discussion by demonstrating that the dramatic and artistic-poetic grounding of Balthasar’s theo-drama shapes the way he understands the beatific vision. In his later work, Balthasar transposes the Catholic understanding of the beatific vision according to the art form and logic of drama. Specifically, using the notions of the visio immediata Dei and the visio mortis, he transposes the meaning of the beatific vision such that the divine essence is understood as a union of love in conversation with the Thomistic perspective of an immediate knowledge of God.
Is Bellarmine’s “Fourth Proposition” Identical with the “Extreme View” of Albert Pighius?
Authors: O’Regan Emmett
Published: May 2024

Christian Washburn has questioned my claim that the idea of a publicly heretical pope was formally excluded in Pastor Aeternus, by equating Bellarmine’s “fourth proposition” with the extreme Ultramontanist school of Albert Pighius. Washburn argues that Gasser had merely indicated that Bellarmine’s “fourth opinion” would be raised to dogmatic status, rather than the “fourth proposition.” I attempt to address this critique by demonstrating how Bellarmine’s own school of thought within the “fourth opinion” was markedly different from that of Pighius.
Local state leadership: State-leading groups in governing urban China
Authors: Guo Jie , Zhang Hong’ou , Yang Yongchun
Published: May 2024

This article examines the urban development strategies and pro-growth politics in China from a local state leadership perspective, focusing on the power dynamics within the local state leadership under China’s fragmented authoritarian system. The state-leading group is an innovative governance technique intentionally designed to overcome the institutional flaws of ‘ tiao-kuai segmentation’. It plays a critical role in fostering a common vision of ‘growth promotion’, aligning goals and unifying actions in the administrative system, broadening social consensus and promoting public–private partnerships. This study improves upon the understanding of the micro-mechanisms of state-led urban development within China’s fragmented authoritarian regime by exploring the heterogeneity of state actors as well as the agency of key local political actors (groups) in aligning goals and interests within and beyond the state and their political rationalities. By highlighting the conflicts and negotiations that exist within the state, the debate on state-led urban development and pro-growth politics is extended using China as an example.