bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Estimation of Archimedean Copula-Based SUR Quantile Models
Authors: Kaewsompong Nachatchapong , Maneejuk Paravee , Yamaka Woraphon
Published: July 2020

We propose a high-dimensional copula to model the dependence structure of the seemingly unrelated quantile regression. As the conventional model faces with the strong assumption of the multivariate normal distribution and the linear dependence structure, thus, we apply the multivariate exchangeable copula function to relax this assumption. As there are many parameters to be estimated, we consider the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo approach to estimate the parameter interests in the model. Four simulation studies are conducted to assess the performance of our proposed model and Bayesian estimation. Satisfactory results from simulation studies are obtained suggesting the good performance and reliability of the Bayesian method used in our proposed model. The real data analysis is also provided, and the empirical comparison indicates our proposed model outperforms the conventional models in all considered quantile levels.
A Continuous-Discrete Finite Memory Observer Design for a Class of Nonlinear Systems: Application to Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Kratz Frédéric , Hou Yunhui , Idasiak Vincent
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to develop a continuous-discrete finite memory observer (CD-FMO) for a class of nonlinear dynamical systems modeled by ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with discrete measurements. The nonlinear systems under consideration are at least locally Lipschitz, which guarantees the existence and uniqueness of solution at each time instant. The proposed nonlinear observer uses a finite number of collected measurements to estimate the system state in the presence of measurement noise. Besides, a one-step prediction algorithm incorporated with an iterative-update scheme is performed to solve the integral problem caused by system nonlinearity, and an analysis of the numerical integration approximation error is given. The properties of estimation performance have been further proved in deterministic case and been analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation in stochastic cases. It is worth noting that the presented method has a finite-time convergence, while most nonlinear observers are usually asymptotically convergent. Another advantage of CD-FMO is that it has no initial value problem. For the application purpose, residuals are generated to implement fault detection cooperated with Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) control charts, while a bank of CD-FMOs is adopted to realize fault isolation for different sensor and actuator faults of the considered nonlinear robotic arm. The robustness and effectiveness of the proposed approach are illustrated via the simulation results.
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs): Two Potential Targets for COVID-19 Treatment
Authors: Cicco Sebastiano , Cicco Gerolamo , Racanelli Vito , Vacca Angelo
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that mostly affects the respiratory system. The consequent inflammation is not able to clear viruses. The persistent excessive inflammatory response can build up a clinical picture that is very difficult to manage and potentially fatal. Modulating the immune response plays a key role in fighting the disease. One of the main defence systems is the activation of neutrophils that release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) under the stimulus of autophagy. Various molecules can induce NETosis and autophagy; some potent activators are damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and, in particular, the high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). This molecule is released by damaged lung cells and can induce a robust innate immunity response. The increase in HMGB1 and NETosis could lead to sustained inflammation due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, blocking these molecules might be useful in COVID-19 treatment and should be further studied in the context of targeted therapy.
An Improved KNN‐Based Slope Stability Prediction Model
Authors: Huang Shuai , Huang Mingming , Lyu Yuejun
Published: July 2020

An accurate slope prediction model is important for slope reinforcement before the disaster. The k‐nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, as a simple and effective nonparametric machine learning method, is widely applied in classification recognition. In our study, the k‐nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm is improved to reduce its sample dependence and improve the robustness of the algorithm, and then the prediction model of the slope stability is proposed based on the improved k‐nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm. Extensive experimental results show that our proposed prediction model achieves high prediction performance in this regard. Moreover, a comparison between our proposed prediction model and the finite element method, which is the classical theoretical method of slope stability, was made, which will provide an important approach to predicting the slope stability for slope engineering. Finally, shaking table test of a slope model is conducted to evaluate whether the slope is stable or not, and the experimental results are in good agreement with the prediction results of our proposed prediction model, which further demonstrates its effectiveness.
A Rare TP53 Mutation Predominant in Ashkenazi Jews Confers Risk of Multiple Cancers
Authors: Powers Jacquelyn , Pinto Emilia M. , Barnoud Thibaut , Leung Jessica C. , Martynyuk Tetyana , Kossenkov Andrew V. , Philips Aaron H. , Desai Heena , Hausler Ryan , Kelly Gregory , Le Anh N. , Li Marilyn M. , MacFarland Suzanne P. , Pyle Louise C. , Zelley Kristin , Nathanson Katherine L. , Domchek Susan M. , Slavin Thomas P. , Weitzel Jeffrey N. , Stopfer Jill E. , Garber Judy E. , Joseph Vijai , Offit Kenneth , Dolinsky Jill S. , Gutierrez Stephanie , McGoldrick Kelly , Couch Fergus J. , Levin Brooke , Edelman Morris C. , Levy Carolyn Fein , Spunt Sheri L. , Kriwacki Richard W. , Zambetti Gerard P. , Ribeiro Raul C. , Murphy Maureen E. , Maxwell Kara N.
Published: July 2020

Germline mutations in TP53 cause a rare high penetrance cancer syndrome, Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). Here, we identified a rare TP53 tetramerization domain missense mutation, c.1000G>C;p.G334R, in a family with multiple late-onset LFS-spectrum cancers. Twenty additional c.1000G>C probands and one c.1000G>A proband were identified, and available tumors showed biallelic somatic inactivation of TP53. The majority of families were of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, and the TP53 c.1000G>C allele was found on a commonly inherited chromosome 17p13.1 haplotype. Transient transfection of the p.G334R allele conferred a mild defect in colony suppression assays. Lymphoblastoid cell lines from the index family in comparison with TP53 normal lines showed that although classical p53 target gene activation was maintained, a subset of p53 target genes (including PCLO, PLTP, PLXNB3, and LCN15) showed defective transactivation when treated with Nutlin-3a. Structural analysis demonstrated thermal instability of the G334R-mutant tetramer, and the G334R-mutant protein showed increased preponderance of mutant conformation. Clinical case review in comparison with classic LFS cohorts demonstrated similar rates of pediatric adrenocortical tumors and other LFS component cancers, but the latter at significantly later ages of onset. Our data show that TP53 c.1000G>C;p.G334R is found predominantly in Ashkenazi Jewish individuals, causes a mild defect in p53 function, and leads to low penetrance LFS.

Significance:

TP53 c.1000C>G;p.G334R is a pathogenic, Ashkenazi Jewish–predominant mutation associated with a familial multiple cancer syndrome in which carriers should undergo screening and preventive measures to reduce cancer risk.
Tear 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Metabolomics Application to the Molecular Diagnosis of Aqueous Tear Deficiency and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Authors: Benítez del Castillo José Manuel , Pinazo-Duran Maria Dolores , Sanz-González Silvia M. , Muñoz-Hernández Ana M. , Garcia-Medina Jose J. , Zanón-Moreno Vicente
Published: July 2020

Purpose: Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a major cause of signs and symptoms related to dry eyes (DE) and eyelid inflammation. We investigated the composition of human tears by metabolomic approaches in patients with aqueous tear deficiency and MGD. Methods: Participants in this prospective, case-control pilot study were split into patients with aqueous tear deficiency and MGD (DE-MGD [n = 15]) and healthy controls (CG; n = 20). Personal interviews, ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and ophthalmic examinations were performed. Reflex tears collected by capillarity were processed to 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and quantitative data analysis to identify molecules by spectra comparison to library entries of purified standards and/or unknown entities. Statistical analyses were made by the SPSS 22.0 program. Results: Chemometric analysis and 1H NMR spectra comparison revealed the presence of 60 metabolites in tears. Differentiating features were evident in the NMR spectra of the 2 clinical groups, characterized by significant upregulation of phenylalanine, glycerol, and isoleucine, and downregulation of glycoproteins, leucine, and –CH3 lipids, as compared to the CG. The 1H NMR metabolomic analyses of human tears confirmed the applicability of this platform with high predictive accuracy/reliability. Conclusions: Our key distinctive findings support that DE-MGD induces tear metabolomics profile changes. Metabolites contributing to a higher separation from the CG can presumably be used, in the foreseeable future, as DE-MGD biomarkers for better managing the diagnosis and therapy of this disease.
Tecnologias assistivas destinadas à orientação espacial, identificação de obstáculos e guiamento de pessoas com deficiência visual
Authors: Vasconcelos Bianca Maria , Teti Bruno De Sousa , Figueira Amanda De Morais Alves , Gonçalves Lorena Maria da Silva
Published: July 2020

Estima-se que 1,3 bilhão de pessoas no mundo vivem com algum tipo de deficiência visual, o qual interfere diretamente na percepção espacial do ambiente. Esta impacta na orientação espacial e na autonomia do indivíduo, condicionando as formas de deslocamento. Tendo em vista o número de pessoas com deficiência visual e a falta de implementação de Tecnologias Assistivas (TA)de forma massificada, pode-se afirmar, que há uma considerável quantidade de indivíduos com dificuldades de orientação espacial, e consequente comprometimento de locomoção no percurso almejado, devido a obstáculos impostos pela sociedade. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar as ferramentas existentes, as chamadas tecnologias assistivas, que auxiliam na orientação espacial, assim como na identificação de obstáculos e no guiamento no caminho desejado, tanto em áreas internas, como em áreas externas às edificações. A metodologia seguiu as orientações dos itens de Relatório Preferidos para Revisões Sistemáticas e Meta-Análises (PRISMA) utilizando palavras-chave em concordância com o descritor booleano “AND”, como: blind; wayfinding; accessibility; visual impairment e assistive technology. Inicialmente foram encontrados 1938 artigos, porém com a aplicação dos filtros restaram 34 artigos para leitura completa. Após a leitura completa, 20 artigos foram incluídos para análise detalhada. Verificou-se que existem quatro tipos de TA sendo continuamente investigadas e aprimoradas: aplicativos, mapa tátil, piso tátil e cinto vibro tátil. Dessas, 75% das tecnologias se concentram em aplicativos voltados para orientação espacial, tendo como resposta a orientação espacial e/ou a redução considerável do percurso traçado, e consequentemente, no tempo estimado. Por fim, foi possível inferir que os aplicativos são as TA mais utilizadas atualmente, contudo, a ausência de uma tecnologia que funcione, simultaneamente, em ambientes internos e externos é um fato que ainda causa limitações para a autonomia nos deslocamentos das Pessoas com Deficiência (PcD) visual.
Como você mora: sistema interativo de avaliação pós-ocupação em meios digitais
Authors: Villa Simone Barbosa , Bruno Dominique Cunha , Trevisan Ana Luisa , Leão Camilla Ribeiro Leão Ribeiro
Published: July 2020

A relevância da avaliação pós-ocupação para a produção de habitações com maior qualidade já é muito consolidada em pesquisas na área da construção civil. A pesquisa “[COMO VOCÊ MORA] Sistema interativo de APO da qualidade do habitar em meios digitais. ETAPA 2_testes e ajustes no banco de dados” trata-se de um Projeto de Inovação Tecnológica desenvolvido pela Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Design, que consiste no desenvolvimento de um aplicativo interativo intitulado “COMO VOCÊ MORA” e em um banco de dados de gerenciamento de avaliações pós-ocupação (APOs), o “SISTEMA APO DIGITAL”. Trata-se de instrumentos que respaldam a identificação da qualidade de habitações e cuja viabilidade pode ser testada em estudos de caso, fundamentando sua replicação futura em território nacional. Estes instrumentos substituem os questionários tradicionais em papel e buscam o aprimoramento da experiência do usuário, no objetivo de tornar o processo da APO mais eficiente ampliando a qualidade dos dados obtidos, através do uso de interfaces gráficas projetadas para dispositivos móveis. O presente artigo irá tratar de uma análise do desempenho do aplicativo CVM em testes realizados na cidade de Uberlândia, MG. Nessa etapa, o método utilizado para o pré-teste e para a aplicação foram respectivamente o “Think Aloud” ou “Verbalização de Procedimentos”, e a definição de estudos de caso. Como resultado verificou-se que o sistema de avaliação CVM, no que diz respeito a novos formatos das avaliações pós-ocupação, oferece uma conotação mais interativa e permite um alcance maior, podendo impactar direta e positivamente na área de Pesquisa em Habitação.
Apresentação do artigo "A assimilação dos judeus" (1945), de Emílio Willems
Authors: Eufrasio Mário
Published: July 2020

Apresentação do artigo "A assimilação dos judeus" (1945), de Emílio Willems
Análise Per Capita dos Espaços Verdes Urbanos na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo - Brasil
Authors: Silva Romero Gomes Pereira , Lima Cláudia Lins , Saito Carlos Hiroo
Published: July 2020

O presente estudo traz um mapeamento dos espaços verdes urbanos (EVU - espaços predominantemente de cobertura vegetal em uma área maior a 625m2) na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP), bem como uma análise de relação per capita de tais espaços na escala intraurbana. Para realizar a análise foram utilizadas as Unidades de Desenvolvimento Humano (UDHs) que consistem na ponderação socioeconômica dos setores censitários, especificamente os setores do tipo urbano, segundo a classificação do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Estas UDHs foram categorizadas em cinco classes e assim, verificou-se a dimensão da carência dos EVU conjugada à uma alta densidade populacional, que corresponde à 30% da área analisada, onde habitam 76,44% da população metropolitana. Além da carência per capita dos espaços verdes, foram analisadas e discutidas as zonas onde esta relação possui scores altos. Neste caso, tais valores estão relacionadas à baixa densidade populacional e a presença de amplos espaços verdes do cinturão verde do planalto paulistano, localizados na zona periurbana.
Determinants of Survival in Older Adults With Congenital Heart Disease Newly Hospitalized for Heart Failure
Authors: Wang Fei , Liu Aihua , Brophy James M. , Cohen Sarah , Abrahamowicz Michal , Paradis Gilles , Marelli Ariane
Published: July 2020

Background:

Nearly 90% of patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) die after the age of 40 years, and heart failure (HF) is the most common cause of death. We aimed to characterize the association between an incident HF hospitalization (HFH) and mortality and to identify the predictors of 1-year postdischarge mortality after incident and repeated HFHs, respectively.

Methods:

Patients with ACHD aged ≥40 years between 2000 and 2010 were identified from the Québec CHD database. We conducted a propensity score–matched study to explore the association between an incident HFH and mortality. We performed Bayesian model averaging to identify the predictors of 1-year postdischarge mortality with a posterior probability ≥50% considered to be evidence of a significant association.

Results:

The mortality hazard ratio was high at 6.01 (95% CI, 4.02–10.72) within 1-year postdischarge, decreasing significantly but entering an elevated equilibrium until year 4 with a continued 3-fold increase in death. Kidney dysfunction (hazard ratio, 2.28 [95% credible interval, 1.59–3.28], posterior probability, 100.0%) and a history of ≥2 HFHs in the past 12 months (hazard ratio, 1.77 [95% credible interval, 1.18–2.66], posterior probability: 82.2%) were the most robust predictors of 1-year mortality after incident and repeated HFHs, respectively.

Conclusions:

In patients with ACHD aged ≥40 years, incident HFH was associated with high mortality risk at 1 year, declining but remaining elevated for 4 years. Kidney dysfunction was a potent predictor of 1-year mortality risk after incident HFHs. Repeated HFHs further increased mortality risk. These observations should inform early risk-tailored health services interventions for monitoring and prevention of HF and its associated complications in older patients with ACHD.
Abnormal Endothelial Gene Expression Associated With Early Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Hebbel Robert P. , Wei Peng , Milbauer Liming , Corban Michel T. , Solovey Anna , Kiley James , Pattee Jack , Lerman Lilach O. , Pan Wei , Lerman Amir
Published: July 2020

Background

We examined feasibility of a unique approach towards gaining insight into heritable risk for early atherosclerosis: surveying gene expression by endothelial cells from living subjects.

Methods and Results

Subjects aged <50 years (mean age, 37; range, 22–49) without obstructive coronary artery disease underwent coronary reactivity testing that identified them as having normal or abnormal coronary endothelial function. Cultures of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells (BOEC) from 6 normal and 13 abnormal subjects passed rigorous quality control and were used for microarray assessment of gene expression. Of 9 genes differentially expressed at false discovery rate <0.1%, we here focus upon abnormal subjects having elevated expression of
HMGB1
(high mobility group box 1) which we unexpectedly found to be linked to low
LAMC1
(laminin gamma 1) expression. This linkage was corroborated by 3 of our past studies and confirmed bio‐functionally. Compared with normal BOEC, abnormal BOEC released 13±3‐fold more HMGB1 in response to lipopolysaccharide; and they deposited one tenth as much LAMC1 into collagen subendothelial matrix during culture. Clinical follow‐up data are provided for 4 normal subjects (followed 13.4±0.1 year) and for 12 abnormal subjects (followed 9.1±4.5 years).

Conclusions

The known pathogenic effects of high‐
HMGB1
and low‐
LAMC1
predict that the combination would biologically converge upon the focal adhesion complex, to the detriment of endothelial shear responsiveness. This gene expression pattern may comprise a heritable risk state that promotes early coronary atherosclerosis. If so, the testing could be applied even in childhood, enabling early intervention. This approach offers a way to bridge the information gap between genetics and clinical phenotype.
Trends in Stroke Recurrence in Mexican Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites
Authors: Sozener Cemal B. , Lisabeth Lynda D. , Shafie-Khorassani Fatema , Kim Sehee , Zahuranec Darin B. , Brown Devin L. , Skolarus Lesli E. , Burke James F. , Kerber Kevin A. , Meurer William J. , Case Erin , Morgenstern Lewis B.
Published: July 2020

Background and Purpose:

Stroke incidence and mortality are declining rapidly in developed countries. Little data on ethnic-specific stroke recurrence trends exist. Fourteen-year stroke recurrence trend estimates were evaluated in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites in a population-based study.

Methods:

Recurrent stroke was ascertained prospectively in the population-based BASIC (Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi) project in Texas, between 2000 and 2013. Incident cases were followed forward to determine 1- and 2-year recurrence. Fine & Gray subdistribution hazard models were used to estimate adjusted trends in the absolute recurrence risk and ethnic differences in the secular trends. The ethnic difference in the secular trend was examined using an interaction term between index year and ethnicity in the models adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, atrial fibrillation, insurance, and cholesterol and relevant interaction terms.

Results:

From January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2013 (N=3571), the cumulative incidence of 1-year recurrence in Mexican Americans decreased from 9.26% (95% CI, 6.9%–12.43%) in 2000 to 3.42% (95% CI, 2.25%–5.21%) in 2013. Among non-Hispanic whites, the cumulative incidence of 1-year recurrence in non-Hispanic whites decreased from 5.67% (95% CI, 3.74%–8.62%) in 2000 to 3.59% (95% CI, 2.27%–5.68%) in 2013. The significant ethnic disparity in stroke recurrence existed in 2000 (risk difference, 3.59% [95% CI, 0.94%–6.22%]) but was no longer seen by 2013 (risk difference, −0.17% [95% CI, −1.96% to 1.5%]). The competing 1-year mortality risk was stable over time among Mexican Americans, while for non-Hispanic whites it was decreasing over time (difference between 2000 and 2013: −4.67% [95% CI, −8.72% to −0.75%]).

Conclusions:

Mexican Americans had significant reductions in stroke recurrence despite a stable death rate, a promising indicator. The ethnic disparity in stroke recurrence present early in the study was gone by 2013.
Theorizing the Triple Helix model: Past, present, and future
Authors: Cai Yuzhuo , Etzkowitz Henry
Published: July 2020

The Triple Helix of university-industry-government interactions, highlighting the enhanced role of the university in the transition from industrial to knowledge-based society, has become widespread in innovation and entrepreneurship studies. We analyze classic literature and recent research, shedding light on the theoretical development of a model that has engendered controversy for being simultaneously analytical and normative, theoretical, practical and policy-relevant. We identify lacunae and suggest future analytical trajectories for theoretical development of the Triple Helix model. The explanatory power of Triple Helix has been strengthened by integrating various social science concepts, e.g. Simmel’s triad, Schumpeter’s organizational entrepreneur, institutional logics and social networks, into its framework. As scholars and practitioners from various disciplinary and inter-disciplinary research fields, e.g. artificial intelligence, political theory, sociology, professional ethics, higher education, regional geography and organizational behavior join Triple Helix studies or find their perspectives integrated, new directions appear for Triple Helix research.
Evaluating University-Business Collaboration at Science Parks: a Business Perspective
Authors: Olvera Claudia , Piqué Josep M. , Cortés Ulises , Nemirovsky Mario
Published: July 2020

The evaluation of the companies’ performance at University Science Parks (SPs) becomes essential in identifying the needs of the companies and the feasibility of the University-Business Collaboration (UBC). The companies’ real needs are also of interest for universities and SPs, since they face the challenge of designing strategies that best help them to transfer knowledge more effectively. This research article focuses on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in UBC, needs and business objectives of companies co-located at SPs in Spain and Mexico. This article (i) aims to identify the KPIs in UBC used by co-located companies at SPs, and (ii) explore the KPIs in UBC and critical success factors of SPs. This article focuses on the perspective of companies, with a secondary focus on the perspectives of SPs and universities. For this study, data was collected through online company surveys in Spain and Mexico. Moreover, the empirical analysis uses fourteen semi-structured interviews addressed to SPs directors to explore KPIs in UBC and success factors of SPs in both countries. In addition, two frameworks were developed with the main KPIs in UBC, taking into account university and company perspectives. They show the objectives, strategies and long-term KPIs as well as progress KPIs, and they are a useful guide to evaluate the accomplishments and the alignment of goals in UBC.
Russian Orthodoxy and Secularism
Authors: Stoeckl Kristina
Published: July 2020

Russian Orthodoxy and Secularism surveys the ways in which the Russian Orthodox Church has negotiated its relationship with the secular state, with other religions, and with Western modernity from its beginnings until the present. It applies multiple theoretical perspectives and draws on different disciplinary approaches to explain the varied and at times contradictory facets of Russian Orthodoxy as a state church or as a critic of the state, as a lived religion or as a civil religion controlled by the state, as a source of dissidence during Communism or as a reservoir of anti-Western, anti-modernist ideas that celebrate the uniqueness and superiority of the Russian nation. Kristina Stoeckl argues that, three decades after the fall of Communism, the period of post-Soviet transition is over for Russian Orthodoxy and that the Moscow Patriarchate has settled on its role as national church and provider of a new civil religion of traditional values.
The putative endemic Mexican reef coral Porites baueri Squires 1959 (Scleractinia: Poritidae) is a synonym of the widespread coral Porites lobata Dana 1846
Authors: MEDINA-ROSAS PEDRO , LÓPEZ-PÉREZ ANDRÉS , REYES-BONILLA HECTOR
Published: July 2020

Morphological analysis and microscopic observations of the Porites baueri holotype and specimens of other Porites species from different sites of the Mexican Pacific, allowed confirmation that Porites baueri is subjective synonym of Porites lobata. The holotype of Porites baueri was collected in the Marías Islands in 1957, and described as a new species by Squires in 1959. Since then, this species was considered as endemic, which is due to the lack of other specimens or a review of the taxonomic characters until now. The Mexican Pacific marine fauna loses a valid reef coral species, currently at 34, but gains in taxonomic clarity by ending almost 60 years of controversy.
Initial and progressive failure analysis of a composite pyramidal lattice cylinder under axial loading: A comparison with experimental results
Authors: Mohammadi Masoud , Sadeghi Ali
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the compressive behavior of a carbon fiber composite pyramidal lattice cylinder has been predicted based on initial failure criteria and progressive damage. To this end, the 3D Hashin failure criteria have been employed with instantaneous and gradual unloading models using the user subroutine UMAT in ABAQUS/Standard. In the gradual unloading model, progressive damage has been controlled by exponential damage function. In addition, a new mold has been designed and manufactured for the experimental test of composite pyramidal lattice cylinders, which allows the use of the maximum essential strength of the fiber-reinforced composite. The predicted load-displacement curves using the finite element models are in good agreement with the experimental test results.
Spontaneous Regression of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Biopsy
Authors: Watkins Mariel O. , Tate Alan D. , Lewis James S. , Garrett C. Gaelyn
Published: July 2020

Approximately 7 cases of spontaneous regression of adult laryngeal carcinoma have been published in the literature since 1900. This case presents a 62-year-old male with a 6-month history of hoarseness who was subsequently diagnosed with a T1aN0M0 left true vocal fold squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) after biopsy. One month following the initial biopsy, histopathological findings on repeat biopsy revealed absence of malignancy and regression of the tumor without radiation. There has been no evidence of tumor recurrence. This case exemplifies how innate immune modulation may play a role in the spontaneous regression of laryngeal SCC, although the mechanism remains unknown.
Hypercalcemic Crisis Secondary to a Superior Mediastinal Parathyroid Adenoma: A Case Report
Authors: Akin Ryan David , Pinheiro A. Daniel
Published: July 2020

Hypercalcemic crisis is a rare endocrine emergency that occurs in a small percentage of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Although modern diagnostic capabilities allow timely diagnosis and intervention, hypercalcemic crisis still has a high potential for morbidity and mortality. We report an adult patient with a history of kidney stones who presented with heart palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue, nausea, and 20-pound weight loss over 2 months. Workup revealed hypercalcemia, elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH), and a mediastinal mass on computed tomography angiography. This patient’s hypercalcemic crisis was treated with intravenous hydration using normal saline, zoledronate, and furosemide. After medical optimization, the patient underwent definitive treatment with surgical parathyroidectomy via a transcervical approach. At operation, a large parathyroid adenoma was removed from a posterior–superior mediastinal location dorsal to the recurrent laryngeal nerve with subsequent normalization of calcium and PTH. We discuss the timing of parathyroidectomy in cases of hypercalcemic crisis and the surgical approach to ectopic parathyroid glands in the mediastinum.
Family Relationships and Cognitive Function Among Community-Dwelling U.S. Chinese Older Adults
Authors: Li Mengting , Guo Man , Stensland Meredith , Dong XinQi
Published: July 2020

A broad literature has explored racial disparities in cognitive aging. Research incorporating sociocultural factors would provide a more comprehensive understanding of minority aging. This study aims to investigate the role of family typology in cognition among U.S. Chinese immigrants. Data were derived from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE). Family typology included tight-knit, unobligated ambivalent, commanding conflicted, and detached typologies. Cognition was evaluated by global cognition, episodic memory, working memory, executive function, and mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Linear and quantile regressions were used. Older adults with detached and commanding conflicted typologies reported lower global cognition than those with unobligated ambivalent typology. Detached, commanding conflicted, and tight-knit typologies were associated with poorer performance in episodic memory, working memory and MMSE than unobligated ambivalent typology, respectively. Social service providers could be aware of multifaceted family relationships when developing interventions for cognitive function and understand family typology as a whole.
Honoring the precious uniqueness of your gifted child
Authors: Silverman Linda Kreger
Published: July 2020

In a world in which individuals are judged on the basis of performance, parents can be lured into believing that their worth is measured by their child’s achievements. Parenting is not a competition. This outdated mechanistic model fails to appreciate the unrepeatable, precious uniqueness of every child and every parent. Nothing is more important than the bond parents form with their children. The “I-Thou” relationship between parent and child must be robust enough to stand the test of time.
Paradox and the negotiation of tensions in globally distributed work
Authors: Brooks Jade Wendy , Ravishankar MN , Oshri Ilan
Published: July 2020

Tensions are a major source of communication problems, coordination issues, and conflict in globally distributed work. In this article, we argue that extant literature falls short of addressing tensions in globally distributed work at two levels. First, it fails to fully account for the intrinsic and entrenched nature of tensions in globally distributed work, suggesting instead that they can be resolved or made to disappear. Second, it does not examine the key interactions among different kinds of tensions. Drawing on qualitative data from a distributed finance organization and applying concepts from paradox theory, we show how globally distributed units negotiate knowledge, power, and identity tensions in collaborative work. The findings illuminate how a sequential enactment of both formal and informal solutions can better address tensions and generate collaborative opportunities in globally distributed work. Building on the findings, we develop a phasal model of tension evolution and management in globally distributed work which explains how tensions evolve from a phase of suppression through to a phase of attenuation. We demonstrate the interactions of knowledge–power–identity tensions against a background of defensive, interactive, and collaborative behaviors, and suggest several practical implications for globally distributed work practice.
Crisis Learning and Flattening the Curve: South Korea’s Rapid and Massive Diagnosis of the COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Hur Joon-Young , Kim KyungWoo
Published: July 2020

Crisis learning is critical for ensuring that better actions are taken for an impending or a future crisis. Learning from past epidemics enables public health authorities to assess aspects of the overall response system to improve the system. Moreover, learning during a crisis makes it possible to develop an approach to address unique and rapidly evolving epidemic situations. In this study, the literature was reviewed, and interviews were conducted with a director of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and a regulatory manager of a multinational medical equipment company. On the basis of that research, this article examines how crisis learning has facilitated a South Korean disease control agency’s surveillance of infectious diseases and its development of in vitro diagnosis kits. Those kits enabled qualified private health providers to diagnose COVID-19 infections in cooperation with multiple partners in the early period of the outbreak response. The agency’s learning from a past epidemic crisis, shared sense-making, and proactive efforts helped the nation to flatten the curve of the numbers of the confirmed cases in a short period of time. This study provides insights for national public health authorities tackling infectious disease outbreaks.
Communication for Coproduction: Increasing Information Credibility to Fight the Coronavirus
Authors: Li Huafang
Published: July 2020

Governments and citizens need to work together to fight and win the war against the coronavirus and coproduce better health outcomes. However, information asymmetries exist between the two parties and influence coproduction adversely. Effective communication by satisfying different types of citizens’ information needs can reduce the degree of information asymmetry and improve coproduction. When citizens distrust governments, governments can use credible information intermediaries, such as experts and volunteers, to increase information credibility. Increasing information credibility could further reduce information asymmetry, increase public trust, and motivate citizens to comply with health policies and coproduce better health outcomes.
Why Has Computerization Increased Wage Inequality? Information, Occupational Structural Power, and Wage Inequality
Authors: Kristal Tali
Published: July 2020

This article offers a new account of rising inequality by providing a new explanation for the observed correlation between computerization and earnings. The argument is that as computers transformed work into a more knowledge-intensive activity, occupations located at critical junctions of information flow have gained greater structural power, and thereby higher wages. Combining occupational measures for location in the information flow based on the Occupational Information Network with the 1979–2016 Current Population Surveys, the analyses reveal a rising wage premium for occupations with greater access to and control of information, independent of the spectrum of skills related to computerization.
Preparation and evaluation of heparinized sponge based on collagen and chitosan for wound healing
Authors: Wu Kun , Zhao Dan , Cui Huifei
Published: July 2020

The wound dressing can temporarily replace the skin and play a protective role in the process of wound healing, preventing wound infection and inflammation, and providing a favorable environment for wound healing. In this study, a mixture of collagen and chitosan was lyophilized to be the host material of the sponge. This sponge was soaked into 1-ethyl-(dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxy sulfosuccinimide cross-linking solution containing heparin and experienced secondary lyophilization to prepare the heparinized sponge (CT-CL/Hp). The surface morphology and structural characterization of the sponge was characterized by scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, respectively. Relatively favorable water absorption capability were observed by measuring the physical properties. Satisfactory antibacterial properties against various bacteria and microbial isolation performance were observed by the antibacterial effect analysis in vitro. The sustained-release property of heparin from the sponges was measured using Alcian Blue assay. Experiments in vitro and in vivo showed that the sponges had satisfactory biocompatibility and lower sensitization. Moreover, the effect of sponge on early stages of wound healing was evaluated by guinea pigs wound healing models. Analysis of wound healing rates and histological examination showed satisfactory results. CT-CL/Hp enhanced expression of growth factors, particularly VEGF and EGF at day 7. These results demonstrated that CT-CL/Hp–treated sponges benefit to wound skin healing and regeneration.
Case Studies of Intimate Partner Violence, Immigration-Related Stress, and Legal Violence During Pregnancy in the U.S.-Mexico Border Region
Authors: Solis Isabela , Heckert Carina
Published: July 2020

This article explores how experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) combined with immigration-related stress shaped pregnancy and postnatal experiences among two immigrant women in the U.S.-Mexico border region of El Paso, TX. Enactment of U.S. immigration policies was changing rapidly during the period of data collection (2018–2019), generating a heightened sense of immigration-related insecurities for research participants. This context brought attention to how immigration law can exacerbate the potential for adverse health outcomes for pregnant and postnatal women caught in abusive relationships. This article presents the case studies of two women, Sara and Sofi, whose experiences reflected broader patterns documented in a larger qualitative study of the emotional experience of pregnancy among 35 first- and second-generation immigrant women in the U.S.-Mexico border region. Both women’s narratives highlight the ways U.S. immigration laws led to a sense of entrapment in abusive relationships during their pregnancies, which put them at heightened vulnerability. Further, the stress they experienced had the potential to lead to embodied health vulnerabilities. The case studies presented illustrate the ways the law can fuel processes that contribute to health risks, highlighting how U.S. immigration law can function as legal violence.
Neural network modeling and combined compromise solution (CoCoSo) method for optimization of drilling performances in polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Kharwar Prakhar Kumar , Verma Rajesh Kumar , Singh Abhishek
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, polymer nanocomposite becomes a suitable alternative to conventional materials for lightweight and structural applications. Multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-reinforced epoxy composites possess superior electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. In this article, drilling of MWCNT/epoxy nanocomposites has been investigated by considering varying parameters, namely, reinforcement wt% of MWCNT ( W), speed ( N), feed rate ( F), and tool material ( M). The response surface methodology (RSM) array was used for drilling experimentation. The mathematical modeling of drilling parameters was done by using artificial neural network. This study also highlights the integrated approach of principal components analysis (PCA)-embedded combined compromise solution method for multiobjective optimization of conflicting responses such as surface roughness (Ra), torque (Tr), and thrust force (Th). The PCA tool efficiently identified the response priority weight during the aggregation process. The confirmatory test was directed to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed hybrid module. The outcomes show a good agreement between the predicted and experimental value, and it can be endorsed to the polymer manufacturing sector for quality and productivity enhancements.
Rheological, mechanical, thermal and barrier properties of highly elastic polyurethane/zinc ionomer composite films
Authors: Rukmanikrishnan Balasubramanian , Chae Juwon , Lee Jaewoong
Published: July 2020

Polyurethane (PU) and zinc ionomer (ZnI)-based polymer composites films were developed by melt extrusion method. The structure, phase morphology, rheology, and mechanical properties of the PU/ZnI blends were studied. The X-ray diffraction analysis displaced that there is no major effect on the crystallinity of PU phase by the addition of ZnI. Scanning electron microscopic images confirmed the partial miscibility of PU and ZnI, which greatly influenced on the tensile and elongation at break (EB) properties of the composite films at a high ratio. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated that with increasing the ZnI content, the storage modulus of the blends decreased and exhibited two Tg temperature peaks. Tensile strength of the PU/ZnI composites decreased drastically and EB increased significantly by the addition of ZnI, however a degree of interaction has been found. PU/ZnI composite films improved surface hydrophobic with excellent water barrier properties. The ultraviolet transmittance of the PU increased with increasing the content of ZnI.
Beyond the Core-Deficit Hypothesis in Developmental Disorders
Authors: Astle Duncan E. , Fletcher-Watson Sue
Published: July 2020

Developmental disorders and childhood learning difficulties encompass complex constellations of relative strengths and weaknesses across multiple aspects of learning, cognition, and behavior. Historically, debate in developmental psychology has been focused largely on the existence and nature of core deficits—the shared mechanistic origin from which all observed profiles within a diagnostic category emerge. The pitfalls of this theoretical approach have been articulated multiple times, but reductionist, core-deficit accounts remain remarkably prevalent. They persist because developmental science still follows the methodological template that accompanies core-deficit theories—highly selective samples, case-control designs, and voxel-wise neuroimaging methods. Fully moving beyond “core-deficit” thinking will require more than identifying its theoretical flaws. It will require a wholesale rethink about the way we design, collect, and analyze developmental data.
“My Whole World Fell Apart”: Parents Discovering Their Child Has Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Williams Emily P. , Russell-Mayhew Shelly , Moules Nancy J. , Dimitropoulos Gina
Published: July 2020

This was the first study to examine the experience of parents who discover their child was living with anorexia nervosa (AN), thus fulfilling a critical gap in the eating disorder literature. Gadamerian hermeneutic inquiry was the guiding philosophy and method used to investigate this topic. Dialogues with parents revealed the ambiguity inherent within discovery; the isolation, betrayal, and loss felt by parents; and the complicated family dynamics occurring during the process of discovering one’s child has AN. As such, when discoveries are made, parents play a vital role in the development and functioning of the family’s response to the situation. This research offers health care providers a better understanding of the difficult times parents and caregivers experience when discovering their child has AN.
“It’s an Ongoing Bromance”: Counterculture and Cyberculture in Silicon Valley—An Interview with Fred Turner
Authors: Lusoli Alberto , Turner Fred
Published: July 2020

Fred Turner is considered one of the most influential experts on, and critical observers of, cyberculture. He is Harry and Norman Chandler Professor of Communication at Stanford University in the Department of Communication. Through his work, he provided a thoughtful analysis of the politics and culture of Silicon Valley. In his books, he explored the connections between the collaborative and interdisciplinary research culture of the Second World War, the protest movements of the 1960s, and the managerial ethos permeating digital and new media industries. In this interview, we discuss about the consequences that the countercultural movements had on the organization of labor in modern tech giants, especially in relation to the substitution of hierarchies for flat and more entrepreneurial structures. We also talk about the consequences that a code of ethics might have in the democratization of technology and the responsibility that we have as citizens and academics.
Ne Me Quitte Pas: The Laws’ Argument in Plato’s Crito and Migrants’ Obligations to Their Political Communities
Authors: Bogiaris Guillaume
Published: July 2020

This paper argues that in their criticism of Socrates’s prospective evasion, the Laws of the Crito make two arguments relevant to the discussion of the ethics of migration, labeled here the “Argument from Parentage” and the “Argument from Corruption.” When considered from the perspective of liberal democracies, those arguments help us realize that political communities should be considered as a subject of justice in migration alongside individuals, and that migration might entail some citizen-to-community obligations. This means that some correctives may be justified to offset the moral costs of some acts of migration. This paper concludes by exploring how the extension of local voting rights in absentia could be one such corrective.
Complex mode superposition method of nonproportionally damped linear systems with hysteretic damping
Authors: Sun Panxu , Yang Hong , Deng Yunjun
Published: July 2020

The vibration response of a damped linear system is always calculated based on the mode superposition method. However, the construction of the damping matrix is difficult for the conventional mode superposition methods based on the viscous damping model, and this problem is much more serious for nonproportionally damped linear systems. The damping matrix based on the hysteretic damping model is easy to construct and unique, which is determined only by the structural stiffness and material loss factor. The time-domain motion equation of a multi-degree-of-freedom nonproportionally damped linear system is easily constructed based on the hysteretic damping model. According to the characteristics of external excitation, the general solution of the corresponding homogeneous equation and special solution of the corresponding nonhomogeneous equation can be solved. By the aid of the easiness of the damping matrix, a complex mode superposition method based on the hysteretic damping model is proposed for the nonproportionally damped linear system. Based on the proposed method, a user subroutine in ANSYS and MATLAB is developed to calculate vibration responses in time-domain dynamic analyses. A shaking table test of a cantilever plate composed of host and damping layers is conducted to validate the proposed method. The method proposed in this article is unconditionally convergent, and its convergence is independent of the time step of time-domain analyses. Compared with the common complex mode superposition method based on the viscous damping model, the simulation results of the proposed method are closer to the test results, and its accuracy and efficiency are higher. In addition, the calculation results of the proposed method are unique, which is irrelevant to the choice of vibration modes.