bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of prolactin receptor expression in breast cancer subtypes
Authors: Kalinina T.S. , Kononchuk V.V. , Sidorov S.V. , Gulyaeva L.F.
Published: February 2020

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women. It is known that the prolactin receptor (PRLR) may play a role in breast carcinogenesis, but the available data are often contradictory. To get a more complete picture of the relationship between the receptor and mammary gland carcinogenesis, we examined the association between changes in PRLR expression level and tumor subtype (and its main characteristics). To do this, using real-time PCR, we evaluated the level of PRLR mRNA in BC tissue samples and untransformed adjoining tissue samples (89 pairs). Since the androgen receptor (AR) has begun to be seen as a prognostic marker in breast cancer, we also evaluated the association between mRNA levels of AR and PRLR. We found a significant increase in PRLR expression in luminal subtypes; the highest level of PRLR mRNA was detected in luminal A subtype. In HER2-positive ER-, PR-negative BC, the PRLR mRNA level decreases in tumor tissues compared with untransformed tissues. High PRLR expression is also associated with smaller tumor size in luminal B HER2-negative subtype. In ER-, PR-negative tumors, PRLR expression is associated with AR expression: PRLR mRNA level is increased when AR mRNA level is reduced by more than 8 times in triple-negative tumors; in contrast, in HER2-positive subtype it decreases more significantly when AR expression is reduced by more than 3 times. A tendency towards an increase in PRLR expression with an increase in the AR mRNA level was also discovered in luminal subtypes. The level of PRLR expression depends on the age of patients. In luminal A, PRLR expression is higher in patients under 65 years. In contrast, in luminal B HER2-negative and triple-negative BC, reduced PRLR expression was observed in patients under the age of 40 years and under the age of 50 years, respectively. In this group of patients under the age of 40 years with luminal B HER2-negative BC, ER expression was also reduced (0-4 score according to the IHC assay). Thus, PRLR probably plays a different role in the development and progression of BC: in luminal A and luminal B HER2-positive subtypes PRLR may act as an oncogen, and in luminal B HER2-negative and ER-, PR-negative subtypes can play a tumor suppressor role.
El ejercicio de la libertad de pensamiento, conciencia y religión del menor de edad en la escuela: resolución de conflictos
Authors: Rodrigo Lara Belén
Published: February 2020

La Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño de 1989 establece en el artículo 14 el derecho de libertad de pensamiento, conciencia y religión. Este trabajo tiene como doble objetivo de un lado, subrayar que los niños, niñas y adolescentes son sujetos activos del derecho de libertad de pensamiento, conciencia y religión y de otro lado, determinar cómo se manifiesta este derecho en el ámbito educativo, uno de los más importantes donde los menores se desenvuelven. La razón es la existencia en las aulas de una diversidad religiosa y cultural que proporciona situaciones enriquecedoras para la acción educativa pero que también puede generar conflictos, tensiones o dudas de cómo gestionarlo, para lo que es preciso una respuesta jurídica o recomendaciones de actuación conforme a Derecho.
El principio de igualdad en el sistema educativo español. Análisis desde la perspectiva del trabajo social
Authors: Montenegro Leza Sofía
Published: February 2020

El Principio de Igualdad nació en el siglo XVIII junto con los estados modernos en el contexto de la Revolución Francesa de 1789. A partir de este momento, se convierte en eje transversal de las nuevas formas de organización de las distintas naciones y de configuración de sus sistemas educativos. De este modo, se convierte en valor vehicular de las diferentes leyes sobre la instrucción pública desde su origen hasta nuestros días. Es así como la igualdad entre las alumnas y los alumnos se transforma en objetivo prioritario de muchos países entre los que se encuentra España. En este marco circunstancial es en el que el Trabajo Social tiene abierto un espacio para el estudio y la intervención como profesión garante de la igualdad de la ciudadanía en general y entre los géneros en particular dentro del ámbito educativo. Todo ello desde una perspectiva de género a partir de la combinación entre la teoría sobre los niveles de prevención —primaria, secundaria y terciaria— y la metodología clásica del Trabajo Social: individual, grupal y con comunidades.
Study of infective profile of patients with ear infections in lower Himalayan region
Authors: Singh Manjeet
Published: February 2020

Background: An ear infection is a bacterial, viral and fungal infection of the external or middle ear. The aim of the study was to study the infective profile of patients with ear infections in lower himalayan region.

Methods: 100 patients with ear infections/ear discharge were included in the study. Aural discharge samples collected through a sterile culture sensitivity tube and sent to microbiological lab in the Regional Hospital Bilaspur (SRL diagnostics).  

Results: Out of total 100 ears swab samples examined Staphylococcus aureus (35%) was the commonest infecting organism followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25%), mould (10%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (06%), Escherichia coli (05%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (05%).

Conclusions: Prevalence of ear infection is a major health problem in developing countries due to the poor living standard and hygienic conditions.
Clinical profile of the patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: a tertiary institutional study
Authors: Jyoti Deep , . Arti , Jamwal Padam , Kotwal Sonika , Dolma Kunzes
Published: February 2020

Background: Oral cancer consists of a group of neoplasms affecting any region of the oral cavity. This term is commonly used interchangeably with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), representing the most frequent of all oral neoplasms. Factors affecting the development of the oral squamous cell carcinoma are tobacco use, alcohol consumption, low socio-economic status, poor hygiene, poor diet, viral infection like HPV, ill-fitting dentures, jagged teeth.

Methods: An institution based retrospective observational study was conducted in the department of ENT, GMC Jammu, including the records of the patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma admitted from June 2016 to July 2019. 80 patients of oral carcinoma were included in the study.

Results: Male to female ratio was 5.1:1. Mean age of presentation was 49.2±4.1 with most of the cases presenting in the 6th decade. 27 (33.75%) patients had history of chewing tobacco alone, 17 (21%) had smoking with chewing tobacco and 10 (12.5 %) smoking with alcohol. 52% patients presented with growth of tongue (52%) followed by buccal mucosa (17.5%) and other sites. Histopathological grading of OSCC showed predominance of well differentiated cancer in 44 cases (55%).

Conclusions: Cases of OSCC are increasing day by day in young generation due to increasing exposure to the risk habits which are easily accessible to them.
Dissonância do turismo: por um (des)encontro habitante-visitante
Authors: Milito Marcelo , Silva Victor Hugo , Nóbrega Wilker
Published: February 2020

O estudo tem como objetivo contribuir com o repensar da atividade turística ao tomar como eixo a dissonância no encontro entre visitantes e habitantes. Os objetivos específicos são caracterizar os debates teóricos e empíricos, na evolução do conceito de turismo, e resgatar a relação habitante-visitante como sua essência. . A presente investigação está embasada na literatura e na teoria com ênfase na discussão das anomalias e da busca pelo entendimento dessas contradições no turismo. Além dos questionamentos, criam-se sugestões de propostas metodológicas, no que diz respeito à integração do fenômeno turístico à sociedade. O estudo avançou para compreensão de um modelo conceitual amplo, traz as inter-relações entre a atividade turística e o residente como ponto central dessa nova teoria.
DEVELOPING PANCASILA AND CIVIC EDUCATION (PPKN) BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM
Authors: Nali Puji Brata Diah , Agung Kesna Mahatmaharti RR. , Istianingrum Rika , Hasanudin Cahyo , Hadi Sofwan
Published: February 2020

Purpose of the study: This study will investigate how the implementation of the answer of three questions (1), the values of East Java local wisdom which suit to be integrated with material of Pancasila and Civic Education (PPKN (2) how the teacher integrates East Java local wisdom in content of PPKn, (3) the citizenship attitude of the students which suit with material of PPKn based on the values of East Java local wisdom.

Methodology: This research study using a qualitative approach with descriptive method. Data collection techniques using a method of interview, observation and research documentation. The location of this research is at SMA Negeri 1 Jombang. Data analysis techniques used consist of three threads of activity: data reduction, data presentation, withdrawal of conclusions/verification.

Main Findings: The finding of results shows (1) there are so many values of East Java local wisdom which can be integrated into the material of PPKn, with the base of the philosophy concept is Character Education Strengthening (PPK). (2) there are no particular guidelines for teachers to integrate East Java local wisdom into the material of PPKn, neither in planning nor implementation. Teachers combine spontaneously, usually in apperception and reflection step. (3) The attitude of solidarity with the spirit of local wisdom must be emphasized.

Applications of this study: This study is useful in assessing the teacher competencies in developing material of Pancasila and Civic Education (PPKn) based on East Java local wisdom informing the citizenship attitude of the students.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Integrating the lesson based on local wisdom.
Saberes para a docência e para a pesquisa desenvolvidos em uma disciplina da licenciatura em Química
Authors: Krupczak Carla , Aires Joanez Aparecida
Published: February 2020

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo conhecer quais saberes podem ser desenvolvidos, para a pesquisa e para a docência, numa disciplina de iniciação à pesquisa no ensino de química em um curso de licenciatura. Para atingir tal objetivo foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso. Os dados foram constituídos por meio de questionários aplicados aos licenciandos do curso de licenciatura em Química da Universidade Federal do Paraná participantes da disciplina de Práticas Pedagógicas: Projetos Integrados II. Os dados foram analisados utilizando a Análise Textual Discursiva, tendo como categorias a priori os saberes docentes de Gauthier et al. e como categorias a posteriori cinco saberes para a pesquisa que emergiram da análise dos questionários. Constatou-se que o saber docente mais estimulado durante a disciplina foi o saber da ação pedagógica e os saberes para a pesquisa mais citados pelos licenciandos foram o específico e o prático
Cartografando Resolução de Problemas – O que há de/em/com práticas de Ensino de Matemática
Authors: Leal Junior Luiz Carlos , Onuchic Lourdes De la Rosa
Published: February 2020

Considerando alguns pressupostos teórico-filosóficos que engendram práticas em Resolução de Problemas, objetiva-se realizar um estudo analítico acerca dos discursos que permeiam, engendram, potencializam e põem em funcionamento práticas, teorias, teorizações e outros discursos sobre a Resolução de Problemas. Para tanto, procedeu-se à análise do discurso pautada pela arqueogenealogia em Michel Foucault, enquanto uma caixa de ferramentas, para compor uma análise com o corpus desta pesquisa. A Resolução de Problemas encaixa-se na égide de uma metodologia, enquanto que, em outro panorama, ela pode ser concebida como algo mais amplo e complexo, que visa dar conta de campos, elementos e conceitos problemáticos e concernentes à Educação. Isso permite inferir, de alguma forma, que para entender a Resolução de Problemas com seus princípios, bases e propostas de pesquisa, educativa e educacional, faz-se extremamente necessário analisar seus pressupostos teóricos, pois são eles que lhe darão o tom de algo restrito ou amplo, uma metodologia ou uma filosofia. Contudo, tal concepção será sempre local e regional, sendo ela validada e legitimada pela comunidade que a prática.
Formação de professores de Biologia e a leitura semiológica de cartuns da Revista Ciência Hoje das Crianças
Authors: Gomes Paulo Cesar , Siqueira Alexandra Bujokas de
Published: February 2020

A formação de professores no Brasil vem passando por contínuas e complexas transformações e têm, cada vez mais, exigido posturas atreladas ao nosso tempo. Formar jovens professores para que compreendam mensagens – de quaisquer naturezas – de forma crítica está previsto, enquanto competência profissional, em documento internacional da UNESCO, contudo, o desenvolvimento desta, remete a uma reestruturação curricular nos cursos de licenciatura em todo o país. Os cursos de licenciatura tem repertório docente para a compreensão de competências voltadas à Alfabetização Midiática e Informacional (AMI), como proposto pela UNESCO? Nossos objetivos neste trabalho de pesquisa foram: (a) investigar e apresentar concepções de professores em formação acerca de um cartum publicado em suplemento da Revista Ciência Hoje das Crianças voltado ao público infanto-juvenil e (b) apresentar uma análise semiológica estrutural de elementos imagéticos constante do mesmo cartum a partir do referencial teórico barthesiano. Os resultados sugerem que: (a) licenciados e licenciandos realizaram, em sua maioria, uma leitura sem profundidade do cartum apresentado; (b) o cartum, de modo geral, realiza por si mesmo uma “leitura de sociedade” tal qual a visão do autor que o produziu.
Prevalencia de la resistencia a la ampicilina en gestantes con infección urinaria en el Hospital Universitario San José de Popayán (Colombia) 2007-2008
Authors: Casas-P. Rodolfo L. , Ortiz Manuelita , Erazo-Bucheli Darío
Published: February 2020

Introducción: la infección de las vías urinarias (IVU) es la complicación infecciosa de mayor frecuencia durante el embarazo, afectando entre 20% a 30% de las gestantes. Su relación con el parto pretérmino, la ruptura prematura de membranas y el bajo peso al nacer está ampliamente documentada y pese al desarrollo de nuevos antibióticos continúa asociándose con una morbimortalidad elevada materno-fetal, lo cual podría deberse a una inadecuada selección del antibiótico de elección. Por esta razón, en el presente artículo se exponen los resultados de un estudio que buscaba determinar la prevalencia de la resistencia a la ampicilina en pacientes gestantes con infección urinaria.Metodología: estudio de cohorte transversal realizado en el Hospital Universitario San José de Popayán, desde enero de 2007 hasta diciembre de 2008, incluyendo 50 gestantes con urocultivo positivo y sensidisco de ampicilina en el antibiograma.Resultados: la prevalencia de la resistencia a la ampicilina es de 58%. Asimismo, no se encontró resistencia a la ceftazidima, la ceftriaxona ni la cefotaxima. Además, se reportó baja resistencia para la nitrofurantoina, la amoxicilina-clavulán, la gentamicina y la cefalexina.Conclusiones: no se recomienda el uso de la ampicilina como antibiótico de elección en las gestantes con IVU. El porcentaje de resistencia encontrado (58%) sobrepasa el límite máximo recomendado por los expertos (20%).
Implicaciones metabólicas del consumo de opiáceos durante el embarazo: revisión cualitativa de la literatura
Authors: Osorio José Henry
Published: February 2020

bjetivos: analizar el uso de opiáceos durante el embarazo, las implicaciones metabólicas y las posibles consecuencias que esta conducta adictiva puede ocasionar sobre la madre y el feto, así como estudiar los efectos del tratamiento para la adicción a los opiáceos en mujeres embarazadas.Metodología: se analizó toda la literatura disponible de los últimos 40 años en la base de datos PubMed, al igual que artículos históricos, textos y referencias citadas en trabajos públicos.Resultados: se obtuvo información pertinente relacionada con los objetivos propuestos en la presente revisión, por lo cual ésta se puede clasificar en 5 secciones: usode opiáceos durante el embarazo, mecanismos de acción, consecuencias del uso de opiáceos en el embarazo, tratamiento de la adicción a los opiáceos en mujeres embarazadas y efectos sobre el recién nacido.Conclusión: el consumo de opiáceos durante el embarazo constituye un factor de riesgo para la madre y el niño relacionado con las posibles complicaciones durante la gestación y con la presencia de síndromes de abstinencia y muerte súbita neonatal. Ante esto, los tratamientos con metadona y buprenorfina disminuyen el riesgo; no obstante, deben controlarse rigurosamente con el fin de evitar posibles problemas relacionados con su uso.
Síndrome de Sheehan: descripción de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Contreras-Zúñiga Eduardo , Mosquera-Tapia Ximena , Domínguez-Villegas María Cristina , Parra-Zúñiga Erika
Published: February 2020

Introducción: la necrosis hipofisaria posparto o síndrome de Sheehan se presenta secundaria a una hemorragia obstétrica, ocasionando un colapso circulatorio intenso el cual, a su vez, predispone a la isquemia de la hipófisis aumentada de tamaño.Objetivo: presentar un caso clínico de una paciente quien consultó por manifestaciones tardías de este síndrome y hacer una revisión de la literatura.Metodología: se buscó información en la bases de datos de PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane y SciELO; así como en referencias de artículos de revista y textos principalmente de los últimos cinco años. Seguidamente, se tomaron los siete artículos más relevantes según la calificación de la revista en donde fueron publicados.Resultados: la característica clínica del síndrome de Sheehan que se manifiesta con mayor frecuencia es la incapacidad para lactar debido a una producción insuficiente de prolactina. Otras manifestaciones tardías incluyen: secreción inadecuada de la hormona antidiurética y deficiencias en la secreción de cortisol, de hormona tiroidea y de gonadotrofinas. Es importante que el obstetra y el médico general sepan reconocer este síndrome, ya que la pérdida aguda del funcionamiento de la adenohipófisis puede ser de mal pronóstico si no se realiza un reemplazo hormonal adecuado. Además, el buen control hormonal evita o disminuye las complicaciones metabólicas y cardiovasculares.Conclusión: el síndrome de Sheehan es una enfermedad poco frecuente, la cual es difícil de diagnosticar tempranamente. Asimismo, requiere una terapia de reemplazo hormonal con controles permanentes clínicos y paraclínicos.
Business Analytics using Dynamic Pricing based on Customer Entry-Exit Rates Tradeoff
Authors: Fazlollahtabar Hamed , Talebi Ashoori Minoo
Published: February 2020

This paper concerns with an integrated business process to be applied as a decision support for market analysis and decision making. The proposed business intelligence and analytics system makes use of an extract, transform and load mechanism for data collection and purification. As a mathematical decision optimization, dynamic pricing is formulated based on customer entry-exit rates in a history-based pricing model. The optimal prices for products are obtained so that aggregated profit is maximized. A case study is reported to show the effectiveness of the approach. Also, analytical investigations on the impacts of the sensitive parameters of the pricing model are given.
The accuracy of modeling of Gaussian stochastic process in some Orlicz spaces
Authors: V. Kozachenko YU. , Tegza Antonina , V.Troshki N.
Published: February 2020

The main purpose of this study is the construction of a model of a Gaussian stochastic process with given reliability and accuracy in some Orlicz spaces. In the paper, a suitable model is presented, conditions for the model parameters are derived, and some examples of their calculations are given.
Narrating Chaos: Theresa Hak Kyung Cha’s "DICTEE" and Korean American Fragmentary Writings
Authors: Ferens Dominika
Published: February 2020

In The Wounded Storyteller: Body, Illness, and Ethics, sociologist Arthur Frank uses narratology to typologize the stories people tell about illness. Next to teleological stories of survival, which “reassure the listener that however bad things look, a happy ending is possible”, Frank discusses “the chaos narrative” in which “events are told as the storyteller experiences life: without sequence or discernible causality” 97. While the storytellers discussed by Frank mostly suffer from physical ailments and traumas, I would argue that the chaotic mode of telling also characterizes texts that explore other kinds of traumas, including those related to displacement and shaming experienced by several generations of Koreans and Americans of Korean descent. Drawing on affect studies, I analyze Theresa Hak Kyung Cha’s DICTEE 1982 alongside two essays, by Grace M. Cho and Hosu Kim published in The Affective Turn: Theorizing the Social 2007, all of which use the collage form to challenge the expectation that “in life as in story, one event [leads] to another” Frank 97. The speech act is foregrounded in all three texts; it is de-naturalized, deformed, shown as a recitation of prescribed language, and repeatedly interrupted. Nonetheless, as Frank suggests, “the physical act becomes the ethical act” because “to tell one’s life is to assume responsibility for that life.” It also allows others to “begin to speak through that story” xx–xxi.
GEÇİT KUŞAĞI TARIMSAL ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ GÖREV ALANI DAHİLİNDE BULUNAN İLLERİN TARIMSAL ATIK BİYOKÜTLE ENERJİ POTANSİYELİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: POLAT Mahmut
Published: February 2020

Genel
anlamda biokütleler, yakıt olarak yakılabilen maddeler içerir. Biokütle maddeleri
genellikle kuru ağırlıkları ile ölçülürler. Biyoenerji ise biyokütle
maddelerin yakılması neticesinde elde edilen enerjidir. Tarımsal kökenli
biokütlenin hammaddesi tarımsal atık veya atıklardır.

Bu makale’de, Geçit Kuşağı Tarımsal Araştırma
Enstitüsü görev alanı içerisinde bulunan Afyonkarahisar, Bilecik, Burdur,
Bursa, Denizli, Eskişehir, Isparta, Kocaeli, Kütahya, Sakarya, Uşak ve Yalova
olmak üzere toplam 12 il ele alınmıştır. Çalışma’da; buğday, arpa, mısır,
ayçiçeği ve şekerpancarı olmak üzere toplam 5 ürünün 2018 yılına ait tarımsal atık biyoenerji potansiyeli hesaplanmıştır.

Söz
konusu 12 ilin  2018 yılı tarımsal atık
yönünden sahip olduğu bioenerji potansiyeli
ise 6 253,83  GWh  olarak belirlenmiştir.
Comparison of adipose particle size on autologous fat graft retention in a rodent model
Authors: Yang Xiaonan , Egro Francesco M. , Jones Taraneh , Nerone W. Vincent , Yousefpour Michael , Gusenoff Jeffrey A. , Rubin J. Peter , Kokai Lauren E.
Published: February 2020

Aim: Unpredictable retention outcomes remain a significant issue in autologous fat grafting procedures. Liposuction cannula variation leads to variability in fat particle size. Recent data suggest that the size of fat particles is closely related to graft healing outcomes; however, this remains a point of contention due to potential confounding variables such as tissue trauma with harvest. The aim of this study was to compare autologous fat grafting outcomes with variable fat particle sizes in an animal model which isolated fat particle size as the primary experimental variable. The overall goal of this work was to determine if reducing fat particle size is an effective method for enhancing graft retention in autologous fat grafting. Methods: The range of fat particle diameter harvested by four common liposuction cannulas was quantified to define relevant small and large particle target diameters. To determine if particle size impacted nutrient and oxygen permeability, small and large particles were incubated in vitro in a spinner flask with an abundance of culture media and vascular endothelial growth factor secretion was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Finally, small and large fat grafts were prepared from subcutaneous mouse fat pads and grafted in syngeneic Balb/CJ mice. Weight and volume retention were evaluated at 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Histological analysis with Masson’s trichrome and perilipin immunofluorescent staining was performed. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed for adipogenic, inflammatory and apoptotic genes. Results: The range of fat particle diameters harvested with four commonly used cannulas was 2-7 mm. In vitro studies showed that 5-7-mm particles had significantly increased VEGF secretion normalized to weight, indicating increased tissue hypoxia in these particles compared to 2-4-mm particles. Surprisingly, in vivo comparison in two unique studies showed 2-4-mm and 5-7-mm fat particles had comparable graft retention (P = 0.5329). Masson’s trichrome staining revealed increased extracellular matrix and fibrosis in the 5-7-mm particle group (P = 0.0115). Adipocyte survival with perilipin demonstrated comparable viability. Gene expression showed large particles experienced increased inflammation and apoptosis at one week after grafting, but overall there were no significant differences between groups. Conclusion: The ideal fat particle size should be large enough to contain adequate mesenchyme while not so thick as to preclude imbibition. This study suggests that, despite changes in hypoxia and VEGF levels, differing fat particles (2-4-mm and 5-7-mm) can achieve similar graft retention.
THE APPLICATION OF E-LEARNING MATHEMATICS USING MOODLE IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY
Authors: Kamaruddin Erdawaty
Published: February 2020

E-learning is an online-based learning process that cannot replace conventional learning models in the classroom, but can support that model through the enrichment of content and development of educational technology. The use of e-learning is very useful, because it can train students to be more independent in gaining knowledge, high learning flexibility in accessing learning materials at all times and repeatedly, saving educational costs, and facilitating the renewal of learning materials and models in accordance with the demands of scientific development that happened. Problem solving is a high level cognitive ability that is complex, because when solving a problem, students need to think critically to be able to see a problem and think creatively to be able to solve the problem. Therefore, teachers are required to be able to shape students to have innovative, creative, and critical thinking abilities. For this reason, efforts are needed to improve teacher performance so that they can carry out their duties as one of the determining factors in achieving the quality of learning and improving student learning outcomes, especially in developing learning media based on e-learning.  Based on these assumptions a problem arises in this study, namely: "What is the strategy of developing a prototype e-learning Mathematics learning tool using Moodle in order to improve students' problem solving abilities?". Specific targets in this study are: prototype e-learning Mathematics learning tools using Moodle. This research is a Research and Development that was carried out for seven months in the Computer Laboratory of PTIK FT UNJ.
DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGY TEST OF CREATIVE THINKING-TORRANCE TEST (BTCT-TT) ASSESSMENT TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS
Authors: Radiah
Published: February 2020

This research aims to developing the Biology Test of Creative Thunking-Torrance Test (BTCT-TT) assessment in studying Biology for high school student in grade 11. This type of research is Research& Development (R & D) with 4D (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). This study have develodped 37 items that are valid and reliabel. BTCT-TT was tested on 150 high school students, the results showed the average score of students’ creative thinking skills was significantly releted to students who received BTCT-TT assessment and Conventional assessment.

 

Keywords: Biology Test of Creative Thinking-Torrance Test (BTCT-TT), Creative Thinking
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TRAINING AND EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR THE HEADMASTER CANDIDATES AT EDUCATION QUALITY GUARANTY INSTITUTION (LPMP) LAMPUNG
Authors: Fardarita  , Ahmad
Published: February 2020

This research was aimed at investigating the reaction, learning achievement, behavior changing, and the effect of training and education program for headmaster candidates by paying attention on institutional, instructional, and behavioral dimension. The research was conducted at the Education Quality Guaranty Institution Lampung. The evaluative qualitative research was applied in this research using blended model of evaluative training model of the Four Levels and the three dimensions cube model. The data was collected by giving questionnaire, observation, interview, documentation, and headmaster candidates’ test results. The result of the research revealed that the purpose of the program was formulated based on the participants’ need, considering the clear qualification of the purpose formulation and the outcome could be observed, the program design described the continuous application strategy dealt with the competence structure, the realization of time, the training and education needed to be improved especially in the use of method, time, management, and the quality of the consumption, the participants’ behavior changing after going back to their working place, the result of the training and education program impacted very much in increasing the school quality, and the appointment of the headmasters considered their competence. As the result of the evaluation, it can be concluded that the headmaster candidates training and education program is categorized good and recommended to be continued with some improvements.
Desain Revisi Penilaian Kurikulum 2013 Tahun 2017: Studi pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Santoso Agus , Achmad Andi
Published: February 2020

The low tendency to understand the implementation of the Curriculum 2013 assessment activities is one of the problems in Madrasas. The teacher as one of the actors in the madrasa becomes spearheads the success of learning. Related to the context of the assessment in the Curriculum 2013 at this time must be carried out systematically including the assessment of attitudes, knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the desain of the revised assessment curriculum 2013 in 2017. This type of research is library research with data collection techniques using “panduan penilaian oleh guru dan satuan pendidikan SMP/MTs Revisi 2017” linked to the structure of the curriculum, syllabus History of Islamic Culture and education calendar of Tenggarong City Kutai Kartanegara District Learning Year 2017 / 2018 for SMP / MTs. The results of the study that the desain of the revised curriculum assessment 2013 in 2017 related to the History of Islamic Culture in the Islamic Education in Tenggarong City, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, are tied to 4 main keys, namely, the structure of the curriculum, syllabus, educational calendar and time distribution analysis. Spiritual attitude assessment desain uses observation techniques in the classroom and questionnaires outside the classroom. Whereas social attitude assessment uses observation techniques in the classroom, student self-assessment questionnaires and between students outside the classroom. While the knowledge assessment desain uses structured assignment techniques, written tests and oral tests. The desain of knowledge assessment uses performance techniques, projects and products and is archived in the form of portfolios. The final results of the assessment are in the form of leggers which consist of collated judgments in the form of report cards and can be evaluated through student absorption.
Conceptual of Blended Learning as Islamic Education Study Program Learning Reform Action in Digital Era 4.0
Authors: Setiawan Agus
Published: February 2020

This article focuses on the conceptual study of the blended learning model. This article also presents several studies from the online journal article and the findings of previous research from thesis and dissertations and textbooks relating to the theory of blended learning. As an effort to reformulate PAI learning, it is important to implement blended learning in the current digital era. Islamic religious education has a material source that is extensive and strategic for the progress of the Indonesian nation. With most Indonesia's population is the follower of Islam, Islamic religious education as millennial generation literacy is appropriate to be formulated under the development of digital technology. Islamic education can take a strategic role as the immunization of the young generation amidst the advancement of learning and innovation. Blended learning is one of them in future learning. Blended learning is one of the latest learning models that has been successfully applied to educational institutions. This study describes blended learning as an effort to reformulate PAI learning in the digital era 4.0. This study also aims to be a reference for further research. This research was conducted with the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method of various research findings and the findings of journal articles relating to the blended learning. The findings of the study showed that the principle of blended learning synergize a balanced combination between face-to-face and online learning. It can apply blended learning to PAI learning and is quite successful. Using technology will strengthen the conventional methods that commonly occur in PAI learning so that PAI learning is more effective and efficient. Some research states that blended learning has motivated students in learning, enables students to be more creative, more active, more participatory, more communicative, independent and able to solve problems in learning, improving learning outcomes. We can conclude it that the results regarding blended learning are having a positive impact on student development and also on learning outcomes.
Korelasi Keberagamaan dan Kompetensi Kepemimpinan GPAI dalam Menanamkan Nilai Islam Rahmatan Lil ‘Alamin
Authors: Husin Muhammad Said , Nurbayani Etty
Published: February 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji korelasi keberagamaan (X) dan kompetensi kepemimpinan (Y) dari guru pendidikan agama Islam SMAN Samarinda (selanjutnya ditulis gpai) dalam menanamkan nilai Islam rahmatan lil ‘alamin kepada warga sekolah. Ada 2 model orientasi keberagamaan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini, yaitu model orientasi keberagamaan intrinsik dan model orientasi keberagamaan ekstrisik. Sedangkan kompetensi kepemimpinan gpai terdiri atas 3 aspek utama, yaitu aspek pemahaman, aspek manajemen pelaksananaan,  dan aspek sikap dalam penanaman nilai demokratis, nilai toleransi, nilai humanis, dan nilai multi-kultural. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk mix methods kuantitatif-kualitatif model kombinasi (concurrent trianggulation) dengan 40 gpai yang tersebar pada 17 SMAN Samarinda sebagai responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa data yang diperoleh memenuhi standar pengujian korelasi: nilai masing2 validitas > 0,2573 (df 38), reliabilitas dengan nilai >0,425, dan uji normalitas berdasarkan nilai Sig.0,816>0,05. Uji korelasi sederhana (X dan Y) menghasilkan perhitungan sebesar 0.280>r tabel 0,2638, sedangkan uji korelasi ganda dari model orientasi keberagamaan (X1,X2 dan Y) adalah sebesar 0,403>r tabel 0,263, dan korelasi dari beberapa dimensi model orientasi keberagamaan intrinsik  (X1.a, X1.b, dan Y) adalah sebesar  0,547> r tabel 0,263. Dan untuk korelasi dari dimensi model orientasi keberagamaan ekstrinsik (X2.a, X2.b, X2.c, X2.d, dan Y) adalah sebesar 0,314>r tabel 0,267. Berdasarkan analisis uji Sig.diketahui bahwa terdapat korelasi signifikan antara keberagamaan dan kompetensi kepemimpinan gpai dalam menanamkan nilai Islam rahmatan lil’alamin kepada warga SMAN se Kota Samarinda. Bahkan korelasi model orientasi keberagamaan intrinsik, yaitu  dimensi keyakinan dan dimensi pengalaman menunjukkan angka paling kuat tingkat korelasinya dengan kompetensi kepemimpinan gpai, yaitu sebesar 0,547 yang berarti > dari kriteri r table (df 38 = 0,2638) dan berkontribusi sebesar 29.92% terhadap kompetensi kepemimpinan dan sisanya 70.08% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar variabel tersebut.
Predictores de la función renal en una cohorte de adultos mexicanos
Authors: Torrescano-de Labra Elva L , Cupul-Uicab Lea A , Ramírez-Palacios Paula , Salmerón Jorge , Muñoz-Aguirre Carmen P , Salazar-Martínez Eduardo
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. Examinar prospectivamente los predictores de alteraciones subclínicas de la función renal en adultos sin diagnóstico previo de enfermedad renal crónica. Mate­rial y métodos. Se analizaron datos de una cohorte de adultos mexicanos (n=757). La función renal (2010) se midió mediante la tasa de filtración glomerular estimada (TFGE-Cr), creatinina y ácido úrico séricos. Los predictores (2004) se identificaron con modelos de regresión lineal y logística. Resultados. Se clasificó 33% con TFGE-Cr disminuida. La TFGE-Cr fue menor en hombres, en >40 años y en usuarios de antihipertensivos; y fue mayor en aquellos con consumo proteico alto. Los predictores de la creatinina fueron similares a los de la TFGE-Cr. El ácido úrico disminuyó en participantes hombres, con obesidad, hipertensión e hipercolesterolemia. Conclusión. Los biomarcadores séricos convencionales son útiles para identificar alteraciones subclínicas de la función renal. Algunos predictores de la función renal son potencial­mente modificables, por tanto susceptibles de intervención.
Performance Calculations for Combination Drive Reservoirs
Authors: Wooddy L.D. , Moscrip Robert
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 207, 1956, pages 128–135.

The simultaneous solution of the volumetric balance and the unsteady-state equation has been used for several years to make performance calculations for combination drive reservoirs. This method makes possible the calculation of volumetric changes of fluids in the gas cap, oil zone, and aquifer which occur as a result of withdrawals and reservoir pressure changes. It does not provide a means for the determination of reservoir fluid distribution changes corresponding to these volumetric changes. A knowledge of the fluid saturation distribution in the reservoir at various stages of depletion is important for the determination of the efficiency of gas and water as oil-displacement media and, therefore, for the reliable prediction of ultimate oil recovery. To provide this knowledge, the displacement equations are solved simultaneously with the volumetric balance and unsteady-state equations. The described calculation procedure has been used satisfactorily to analyze the past performance and to predict the future behavior of combination drive reservoirs under both primary and pressure-maintenance operations.

Introduction

The three basic mechanisms by which oil is displaced from a reservoir are:dissolved gas drive - the displacement of oil by the expansion of liberated solution gas,water drive - the displacement of oil by water which enters the oil zone from the aquifer, andgas cap drive - the displacement of oil by gas which expands into the oil zone from the gas cap.

The action of gravitational forces may be effective in increasing the efficiency of the basic drive mechanisms. Gravitational forces favor the segregation both of gas and oil and of oil and water, thus tending to shorten the transition zone between oil and displacing fluids.

Most reservoirs produce under the influence of a combination of these drives and are designated "combination drive reservoirs." Fig. 1 is a cross section of a typical combination drive reservoir.
Annotated Tables of Strength and Elastic Properties of Rocks
Authors: Wuerker Rudolph G.
Published: February 2020

INTRODUCTION

Testing for strength and elastic properties of rocks has made rapid progress since the end of World War II. The perfection of standard methods and the awakening interest of all branches of the mineral industry resulted in the collection of a great amount of new physical data on the most common rocks. Interpretation and correlation with technological properties, such as grindability, drillability, and blastability, however, have not kept pace. One of the reasons for this may be the fact that test results on strength and elastic properties are widely scattered in the technical literature.

It is the purpose of this paper to tabulate the results from such standardized tests and to discuss the importance of each property and its usefulness to the mineral engineer as reflected in the existing literature. Twenty-one properties are listed in the following tables, which have been determined from rocks commonly encountered in mining, milling, and petroleum exploration (well drilling and rupture of rock formation as related to completing and stimulating production of wells). However, although not all 21 properties have been measured as yet from any one rock, an attempt is made in the tables to make the various results match as well as possible. Probably all properties have been determined for concrete, another brittle but man-made material. They are listed, as available from various sources, for comparison's sake, at the end of Table 5. Other data has been filled in by the author as it was deemed necessary for the discussion. Of course, there are many blanks left, too, but the tables are to be considered as only a first attempt to organize and evaluate the great amount of data that has recently become available. It is hoped that they will stimulate correlation testing and guide individual research to fill in the many existing gaps.
Potential impact of application to the Z0011 trial on the omission of axillary lymph node dissection in women undergoing sentinel node biopsy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shinzato Julia Yoriko , Serra Katia Piton , Eugeni Caroline , Cabello Cesar , Filho Cassio Cardoso , Zeferino Luiz Carlos
Published: February 2020

Background To evaluate the number of patients with early-stage breast cancer, undergoing axillary lymph node dissection for metastatic sentinel lymph nodes, who could benefit from the omission of axillary surgery following the application of ACOSOG Z0011 trial criteria. Methods A retrospective cohort study conducted in the Women’s Hospital of the State University of Campinas. The study population included 384 women diagnosed with early-stage invasive breast cancer, clinically negative axilla, treated with breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and/or endocrine therapy, from January 2005 to December 2010. ACOSOG Z0011 trial criteria were applied to this population and statistical analysis was carried out to make a comparison between populations. Results A total of 384 patients underwent breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Of the total number of patients, 86 women underwent axillary lymph node dissection for metastatic sentinel lymph nodes. One patient underwent axillary node dissection due to a suspicious SLN intra-operatively. Among these patients, 82/87 (94.3%) had one to two involved sentinel lymph nodes and met criteria for the ACOSOG Z0011 trial with the omission of axillary lymph node dissection. Among the 82 eligible women, there were only 13 cases (15.9%) of lymphovascular invasion and 62 cases (75.6%) of tumors measuring up to 2cm in diameter (T1). Conclusions When eligibility for ACOSOG Z0011 trial criteria was retrospectively exported to our study population, 94.3% of the patients with one to two positive sentinel lymph nodes would benefit from the omission of axillary lymph node dissection. The high rate in our study may be explained by the large number of patients with tumors up to 2.0 cm in size and the small rate of lymphovascular invasion, which are indicative of a favorable prognosis.
Impact of preoperative fecal short chain fatty acids on postoperative infectious complications in esophageal cancer patients
Authors: Motoori Masaaki , Tanaka Koji , Sugimura Keijiro , Miyata Hiroshi , Saito Takuro , Miyazaki Yasuhiro , Fujitani Kazumasa , Kado Yukiko , Asahara Takashi , Yano Masahiko
Published: February 2020

Background: The intestinal epithelial barrier allows absorption of dietary nutrients and prevents passage of pathogens and toxins into the body. Severe insults have a negative impact on the intestinal environment, which may decrease intestinal barrier function and cause bacterial translocation. Bacterial translocation, which can cause infectious complications, is defined as the passage of microbes from the gastrointestinal tract across the mucosal barrier to extraintestinal sites. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between concentrations of preoperative fecal organic acids and the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications in patients with esophageal cancer.

Methods: Fifty-five patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy were enrolled in this study. Perioperative synbiotics were administered to all patients. Perioperative clinical characteristics and concentrations of preoperative fecal organic acids were compared between patients with and without postoperative infectious complications.

Results: Postoperative infectious complications occurred in 10 patients. In patients with complications, the concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid were significantly lower than in patients without complications (p=0.044 and 0.032, respectively). The concentration of butyric acid was nonsignificantly lower in patients with complications, while the concentration of lactic acid was nonsignificantly higher. The calculated gap between the concentrations of fecal acetic acid plus propionic acid plus butyric acid minus lactic acid was significantly lower in patients with complications. Multivariate analysis revealed that a low gap between acetic acid plus propionic acid plus butyric acid minus lactic acid was an independent risk factor for postoperative infectious complications (p=0.027).

Conclusions : Preoperative fecal concentrations of organic acids had a clinically important impact on the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications in patients with esophageal cancer. To reduce postoperative infectious complications, it may be useful to modulate the intestinal environment and maintain concentrations of fecal organic acids before surgery.
Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and the risk of frailty among Chinese community-based oldest-old: evidence from the CLHLS study
Authors: Xiao Qi , Wu Meiliyang , Cui Jinrui , Yuan Mengmei , Chen Ye , Zeng Tieying
Published: February 2020

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to the risk of frailty. However, there are limited methods for evaluations of the potential association of vitamin D with frailty in a longevous (80+) population. The aim of this study was to examine the association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the risk of frailty among the Chinese community based oldest-old.
Methods: Secondary analysis of data compiled in the 2011 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (n=1324) was performed. Frailty was assessed by the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) index. Multivariate logistic regression and spline smoothing with threshold effect analysis were performed to investigate the association between 25(OH)D level and the risk of frailty after adjusting for socio-demographic variables, health characteristics and confounding biomarkers.
Results: The mean age was 92.89 ± 7.92 years, and 844 (63.7%) participants were women. In all, data from 426 (33.2%, 95% confidence interval, CI: 29.66-34.69) frail participants were recorded. After adjustment for confounding covariates, the level of 25(OH)D was significantly related to frailty. By spline smoothing with threshold effect analysis, a monotonically negative association between 25(OH)D and frailty was identified. Subgroup analyses revealed that the association did not differ by sex or age.
Conclusions: The 25(OH)D level was inversely associated with the risk of frailty among the Chinese community-based oldest-old.