bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discursive practices in the dynamics of the system of Russian phraseology: A case of constructional phrasemes
Authors:   V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Baranov Anatoly N. , Dobrovol’skij Dmitrij O. ,   V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The article examines the frequency distribution of a series of Russian constructional phrasemes — tot esche Х (≈ something of an X), tozhe mne X (≈ hardly an X), gde uzh nam P (≈ how could we P), vot tebe i X/P (≈ how do you like it, X/P), and to li delo X/P (≈ take X/P, isn’t it fine). We define constructional phrasemes as expressions that are based on a scheme with empty valences, which in itself has a lexical meaning that does not result from metaphorical or metonymical transformations. These schemes often have stable lexical parts. The main subcorpus of the Russian National Corpus spanning from the 18th century to the present was used as the material, although primary attention was given to the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries. We interpret the examined constructional phrasemes as discursive practices, i. e. as conventional ways of expressing a certain meaning within a given language community. The analysis shows that the emergence of these constructional phrasemes in discourse is accompanied by a noticeable increase in their frequency of use, which then gradually decreases as the expression becomesassimilated as a discursive practice. The analyzed data allow us to conclude that the frequency distribution of constructional phrasemes is poorly predictable. However, it is possible to identify main types of distribution: increasing frequency of use, decreasing frequency of use, and relatively stable distribution. The first type of frequency distribution is examplified by the constructional phrasemes tot esche Х and tozhe mne X, the second type by gde uzh nam P, and the third type by vot tebe i X/P. Not all frequency distributions of constructional phrasemes show clear quantitative trends; cf. to li delo X/P
Coordinate structure constraint in the linguistic competence of large language models
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Grashchenkov Pavel V. , Studenikina Kseniia A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Pasko Lada I. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2024

A syntactic island is a construction extraction from which leads to ungrammaticality. Island constraints are generally demonstrated through the impossibility of the A′-movement, e. g. wh-movement. Considering extraction from an island as ungrammatical is common to all native speakers. In terms of natural language understanding and generation, the competence of large language models (LLM) is almost indistinguishable from the human one. However, the difference between the grammatical constraints of the native speakers and LLM are still studied insufficiently. If the LLM grammar is set up similar to the human one, they will demonstrate high sensitivity to island constraints. The current study aims to compare the language competence of the native speakers and LLM based on the coordinate structure islands. The three dialogue systems — ChatGPT, YandexGPT and GigaChat — were examined via two tests. The first one investigates whether the model is able to give a semantically correct answer to the question with violation of island constraints. The second test directly accesses the grammaticality judgements. The results clearly show that the LLM language competence differs from the human one. The observed models regularly answer the questions violating island constraints correctly and consider them grammatical. YandexGPT turns out to be more consistent, while ChatGPT and GigaChat frequently give incorrect answers to the questions Яwhich they judge acceptable. The influence of the stimuli’s grammatical features depends on the model: the island sensitivity of ChatGPT and GigaChat is determined by the same features in contrast to YandexGPT. Thus, the results call into question the fact that LLM language competence is close to the human one.
“French Accent” of Chukchi and Asian Eskimo Walrus Ivory Carving in the First Third of the 20th Century
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Shulgina Olga M. ,   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (The Kunstkamera)
Published: December 2024

The tradition of Chukchi and Asian Eskimo bone-carving art has deep roots, which can be easily read when comparing modern bone-carving with the piquetag of Pegtymel petroglyphs, painted seal-skins or, for example, drawings on ritual objects of Chukotka natives. Undoubtedly, these are the most obvious, but not the only sources of Chukchi and Asian Eskimo bone-carving art of the 20th century. In this work the author takes into account the fact that at the beginning of the 20th century the Chukchi bone-carving craft underwent significant changes of both functional and formal nature. The article presents new facts obtained in the course of studying the archival materials of A. L. Gorbunkov, the first artistic director of the Chukchi Peninsula art workshops, and presents the results of their comparison with objects of Chukchi and Asian Eskimo bone-carving art from the collections of Russian museums. The author consistently describes and attempts to analyze A. L. Gorbunkov’s methods of work with folk artisans of Chukotka, identifies a number of borrowings and gives examples of transformations of French sources (for example, from the works of Gustave Doré and Henri Toulouse-Lautrec) used by the artistic director of Chukchi and Asian Eskimo bone-carving workshops. The presented research allows us to trace the origin of some subjects in the art of the native masters, to comprehend the principles of interaction between professional artists and folk masters during the formation of the Chukchi and Asian Eskimo bone-carving craft. The relevance of the topic of this study is conditioned by a rather limited number of works devoted to the Chukchi and Asian Eskimo art of carved bone before the war, as well as by the lack of studies revealing the methods and principles of work of the first artistic director of bone-carving workshops with folk craftsmen of Chukotka.
Efeito do ácido salicílico e jasmônico no crescimento, fisiologia e qualidade do fruto de tomate cereja sob estresse salino
Authors:   , Melo Marlenildo Ferreira
Published: December 2024

O uso de salmoura de osmose reversa é uma alternativa para lidar com a escassez de água no
semiárido. Portanto, um experimento foi conduzido para avaliar a aplicação foliar de ácido
salicílico (SA) e ácido jasmônico (JA) como mitigantes do estresse salino em tomate cereja
(Solanum lycopersicum L. var. cerasiforme cv. Samambaia) cultivado em solução nutritiva não
salina (2,16 dS m-1
), moderadamente salina (4,50 dS m-1
) e severamente salina (9,00 dS m-1
)
preparada com salmoura de osmose reversa diluída. 500 M de SA e 50 M de JA foram
pulverizados isoladamente ou em combinação nas folhas, e água destilada como controle. Os
resultados mostraram que a salinidade, moderada e severa, reduziu o crescimento das plantas
devido à diminuição das trocas gasosas, aumento do acúmulo de Na+
e redução de K+
e Ca2+
nos tecidos das plantas, e aumento da peroxidação lipídica e extravasamento de eletrólitos, o
que, consequentemente, reduziu a produtividade de frutos. Por outro lado, o estresse salino
melhorou o sabor e a qualidade dos frutos, aumentando o teor de sólidos solúveis, acidez
titulável e açúcares. A pulverização foliar com SA e JA mitigou os danos causados pelo estresse
salino, reduzindo o teor de Na+
nos tecidos, mantendo a integridade das membranas celulares e
as trocas gasosas. Além disso, o tratamento com fitorreguladores aumentou a acidez, teor de
vitamina C, conteúdo de licopeno, intensificou a coloração da casca e melhorou o sabor dos
frutos. Concluindo, a adição de salmoura à solução nutritiva reduz o crescimento e a
produtividade do tomate cereja, mas melhora a qualidade dos frutos. O SA e o JA exógenos
aliviam a toxicidade da salinidade, porém sem manter o crescimento das plantas e a
produtividade de frutos
Desempenho agronômico de cenoura em função da adubação nitrogenada e potássica
Authors:   , Costa João Paulo Nunes da
Published: December 2024

A cenoura, (Daucus carota L.), é uma hortaliça de grande expressão econômica mundial e no Brasil é a quinta em valor econômico. Entre os nutrientes mais absorvidos e exportados pela cenoura destacam-se o potássio e o nitrogênio. Todavia, as quantidades de nutrientes podem variar com a cultivar, densidade populacional, a fertilidade e tipo de solo, além do manejo cultural que podem influenciar diretamente a produtividade e qualidade da cenoura. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico de cenoura em função da adubação nitrogenada e potássica. A pesquisa constou de dois experimentos que foram realizados na fazenda experimental Rafael Fernandes em Mossoró-RN, entre junho e outubro de 2018 e 2019. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados completos em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com quatros repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pela combinação de quatro doses de nitrogênio (0; 40; 80 e 120 kg ha-1 de N) e quatro doses de potássio (0; 45; 90 e 135 kg ha-1 de K2O). As variáveis foram altura da planta, matéria seca da raiz, folha e total, classificação das raízes, produtividade comercial, não comercial, total, análise econômica de adubação, sólidos solúveis, teor de β-carotenoides, açúcares solúveis totais, acidez total, pH e percentual de miolo branco. Em 2018, a combinação de 120 kg ha-1 de N e 135 kg ha-1 de K2O proporcionou maior produtividade comercial; em 2019, a combinação de 63,33 kg ha-1 de N e 90 kg ha-1 de K2O resultou em maior produtividade comercial; as doses de máxima eficiência econômica recomendadas para a produtividade comercial de cenoura foram estimadas em 80 kg ha-1 de N com 135 kg ha-1 de K2O. As doses crescentes de N influenciaram nos teores de sólidos solúveis, pH e na relação SS/AT. O teor máximo estimado de sólidos solúveis foi obtido na combinação da dose de 80 kg ha-1 de N, combinada com a dose de 90 kg ha-1 de K2O. As doses de nitrogênio, potássio e experimentos influenciaram a acidez titulável, o percentual de açúcares solúveis totais e o teor de β-caroteno indicando que adubação mais as condições edafoclimáticas interferem na qualidade comercial das raízes de cenoura. As doses mais elevadas de nitrogênio e potássio induziram a formação de raízes com miolo branco reduzindo a sua qualidade comercial
In vitro culture of Leucoagaricus gongylophorus (Agaricaceae), symbiont fungus of the leaf-cutting ant Atta mexicana (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), using solid and plant-supplemented culture media
Authors: Infante Rodríguez Dennis Adrián , Velázquez Narváez Alberto Carlos , Monribot Villanueva Juan Luis , Carrión Gloria , Mehltreter Klaus , Lachaud Jean-Paul , Guerrero Analco José Antonio , Valenzuela González Jorge
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims: The mutualism between leaf-cutting ants and the fungus Leucoagaricus gongylophorus is a remarkable instance of insect-fungus symbiosis. In this study, we aimed to make a molecular identification of the L. gongylophorus strain obtained from the fungal garden of Atta mexicana, to compare the mycelial growth of the strain in several culture media and PDA medium enriched with foliar material from several plants and perform a cost analysis for the in vitro maintenance of the symbiont fungus.Methods: Seven solid culture media were compared for the in vitro growth of Leucoagaricus gongylophorus isolated from an Atta mexicana nest. In addition, we compared the fungal growth on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium enriched with selected foliar material from the leaves of six plants previously known to be either well-foraged or avoided by Atta mexicana.Key results: Higher mycelial growth percentages were obtained on compost extract added with a mineral mixture (CE) (27.3±12.7 mm) and PDA media (25.3±1.15 mm) at 28 days of growth. Furthermore, this is the first study reporting the growth of a fungal symbiont of Atta mexicana on CE, complete basic medium (CBM), Pagnocca A, and B media. PDA media enriched with some plants did not show advantages for fungus growth. Lower mycelial growth percentages were obtained on PDA media enriched with Rosa alba (0.0±0.0 mm), Coffea arabica (5.3±0.66 mm), Citrus reticulata (3.0±1.0 mm), and Psidium guajava (2.0±1.15 mm) leaves, in comparison with the control treatment (PDA medium).Conclusions: The use of culture media like CE and CBM might be a cost-effective alternative for in vitro culture of Leucoagaricus gongylophorus, even in the absence of ants. Leaves of some plant species inhibit in vitro growth of this fungus, in line with their status as plants avoided by Atta mexicana. The strong inhibition of the extract of Rosa alba, the best-foraged plant by Atta mexicana, suggests the existence of particularly effective detoxification mechanisms in natural conditions.
ЧЕТЫРЕ ФАКТОРА СНИЖЕНИЯ СЕБЕСТОИМОСТИ ПРОДУКЦИИ НА ДВА ПОРЯДКА. ВИЗИТ НА ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ООО «БУТИС»
Authors: Ковалевский Ю.
Published: December 2024

Прошлой осенью в московской компании «БУТИС», специализирующейся
на разработке и изготовлении СВЧ-фильтров на основе поверхностных
акустических волн (ПАВ), появился новый робототехнический комплекс. Тогда
Тимур Халфин, директор по инновационному развитию предприятия, и Михаил
Зотов, генеральный директор ООО «ДС-Роботикс» – компании, разработавшей
и поставившей эту установку, рассказали нам о том, как был реализован данный
проект1. Однако из слов Тимура Халфина следовало, что внедрение данного
комплекса является частью более масштабного проекта ООО «БУТИС» по освоению
новой технологии, которая позволит значительно увеличить объем выпуска,
снизить себестоимость ПАВ-фильтров и благодаря этому расширить присутствие
компании на рынке СВЧ-компонентов гражданского применения.
Сейчас в рамках этого проекта активно модернизируется производство
предприятия, закупается и вводится в строй новое оборудование, и уже
получены первые, весьма внушительные, результаты. По словам представителей
ООО «БУТИС», расчеты показывают, что уже в ближайшее время реально будет
снизить себестоимость производства ПАВ-фильтров гражданского применения
примерно в 10 раз, а в дальнейшем она может быть уменьшена еще на порядок.
Чтобы узнать, за счет чего это достигается, мы посетили производственную
площадку ООО «БУТИС» в ОЭЗ «Технополис Москва».
Educación, conocimiento e innovación
Authors: Casanova Cardiel Hugo , Trejo Quintana Janneth
Published: December 2024

El tomo 10, Educación, conocimiento e innovación, de la colección La década COVID en México, es parte de un esfuerzo colectivo de doce académicas y académicos que buscan analizar el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en el ámbito educativo, el cual fue uno de los sectores más profundamente afectados por la emergencia sanitaria, además de, por supuesto, demás sectores como el de la salud, la economía, la política, entro otros. Como parte de las recomendaciones de políticas públicas de este tomo, Es necesario comenzar a desarrollar una serie de políticas públicas que se enfoquen en reducir la brecha digital en México, para poder llevar la conectividad a todo el país, incluyendo a las zonas rurales y marginadas que no tengan acceso a internet. Para lograr este objetivo, se requeriría de una importante inversión en infraestructura de telecomunicaciones, con el fin de ampliar la cobertura y garantizar que todas las comunidades tengan acceso a la red, además de incluir el suministro de recursos tecnológicos adecuados para estudiantes y maestros, especialmente aquellos de bajos recursos que podrían tener dificultades para obtener dispositivos y acceso a internet. Retos del futuro cercano, A manera de conclusión, podemos hablar de que existen diferentes retos que dejó ver la pandemia en el sector educativo; principalmente el de reducir el rezago y la baja en la calidad de la enseñanza que trajo consigo la pandemia, y que desde años anteriores se venía arrastrando. La pandemia sirvió como un catalizador de las desigualdades en México que se vio directamente reflejado en el sector educativo, no solo con los alumnos, sino también con docentes. Lo anterior nos deja con un terreno fértil en el que se pueden desarrollar soluciones y políticas públicas que reduzcan la brecha digital y las desigualdades en el país, ya que la educación cada vez más está avanzando hacia un modelo híbrido. En el mismo sentido, sería importante adaptar la infraestructura para sostener este modelo, es decir, invertir en mejores aulas y mejor conectividad. Por último, pero no menos importante, es imperante invertir recursos en la formación y capacitación docente, para que el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje se lleve a cabo de la mejor manera, independientemente de la modalidad en la que se concrete.
PRINCÍPIOS DO DIREITO FAMILIAR: Uma revisão bibliográfica multidisciplinar
Authors: Ribeiro Lidiane Marques , Júnior Júlio Alves Caixêta
Published: December 2024

This article addresses the changes in Family Law, focusing on shared custody and its relationship with the principle of the best interests of the child. The topic emerges as relevant in view of contemporary social and legal challenges, marked by the dissolution of marital bonds and the emotional and psychological impacts on children and adolescents. The central question of the study is: how is the shared custody model implemented in contexts of family breakdown and how does it contribute to ensuring the well-being of the minors involved? The main objective is to analyze the effectiveness of the shared custody institute in Brazil, exploring its capacity to guarantee the rights of children and adolescents. To this end, the work seeks to: (i) understand the evolution of the concept of family and its relationship with parental authority; (ii) study the legal framework that supports shared custody; and (iii) assess civil liability in cases of non-compliance with parental obligations, especially in situations of parental alienation. The methodology used consists of a bibliographic and documentary review, supported by a qualitative approach. Books, scientific articles, legislation, case law, and academic documents published between 2007 and 2021, in Portuguese and English, were analyzed. The method allowed for a broad and critical view of the topic, connecting theoretical foundations to legal practices. It is concluded that shared custody is a model that promotes cooperation between parents and preserves emotional ties with children, helping to minimize the adverse effects of family dissolution. However, its effectiveness depends on the parents' commitment to the principle of human dignity and the best interests of the child. The research reinforces the importance of a humanized and interdisciplinary Family Law that protects the rights and integral development of children and adolescents, promoting balance and justice in family relationships.
Economic Empowerment via Innovative Zakat Utilization: Lessons from a Multicultural Village in Ponorogo
Authors: Dwiyanti Distyana , Prasetiyo Luhur
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the economic empowerment of mustaḥiq (zakat beneficiaries) through the Desa Berdaya Program in Mrican Village, Ponorogo, with a focus on sheep-based empowerment strategies. The research examines the forms of empowerment (breeding, fattening, and investment), the factors influencing its implementation, and its impact on beneficiaries' welfare. The program, implemented by Rumah Zakat, leverages zakat funds to promote self-reliance among beneficiaries and transform them into potential muzakki (zakat payers). Using qualitative methods, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that empowerment addresses socio-economic inequalities, such as low education levels, inconsistent income, and limited knowledge among beneficiaries. The program significantly improves economic, social, and spiritual welfare by enhancing income, fostering community collaboration, and strengthening religious values. Challenges identified include delays in resource provision and unclear profit-sharing mechanisms, highlighting the need for improved management practices. Overall, the study underscores the potential of productive zakat as a sustainable tool for poverty alleviation and community development.
Streetscape planning methodology and development scenarios. Terbatas street example in Riga
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Nitavska Natalija , Skujane Daiga ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Markova Madara ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies
Published: December 2024

The proportion of intensive building and pavement of the urban environment reduces the level of comfort of the population, thus, the streets are nowadays considered to be the essential public outdoor space, where it is necessary to increase the comfort and well-being of the population by reducing the transport load. Historic urban centres are often characterised by relatively narrow streets, without planting and with the intensive traffic, consequently, solutions need to be found to humanise these outdoor spaces. The publication provides the authors’ experience in working with the planning of the preliminary research of Riga Terbatas Street and choosing a scenario method that is important for decision-making – because opportunities and options have to be evaluated according to the needs of the city residents and further development of the urban environment. The limited outdoor space of the street is a major challenge where it is necessary to realize both safety, environmental accessibility, ecological, aesthetic and cultural and historical ambitions and tasks. In the times of urban dynamism and variability, there is an important discussion with the public and non-governmental organisations: for this purpose, the scenario method allows some action plans to be evaluated and a decision to be taken for further design. The publication also contains a number of
street planning principles to be used in the landscape architecture as validation for concepts and analytical summary of good practice examples. In the planning example, Terbatas Street in Riga has been chosen, which is one of the typical streets of historic centre of Riga, but with its charm and history. The research was carried out within the framework of the project for development of the initial technical documentation of the construction intention “The development of the public outdoor space and promotion of accessibility of Riga Centre and the neighbourhood of Brasa”.
Studieframgång inom högre utbildning: En utforskande undersökning av sambanden mellan högskolestudenters studieresultat och ålder, kön, språkbakgrund samt socioekonomisk bakgrund
Authors: Hort Sofia
Published: December 2024

I föreliggande studie undersöks hur studieresultat i form av ett mått baserat på examinationsbetyg förhåller sig till fem olika bakgrundsvariabler. Dessa variabler (ålder, kön, andraspråksbakgrund, föräldrars andraspråksbakgrund samt socioekonomisk bakgrund) fungerar ofta som kontrollvariabler i tidigare forskning som behandlar studieframgång i högre utbildning (t.ex. De Clercq et al., 2021). Det finns ingen internationell standard för hur studieframgång bör definieras eller mätas (Alyahyan & Düştegör, 2020), och det är i såväl internationella som nationella policysammanhang ovanligt att redovisa hur olika studentgrupper tar sig igenom utbildningen. Denna kvantitativa studie utgår från ett mått för studieresultat baserat på Ladok-utdrag samt insamlade enkätdata. Data analyseras dels deskriptivt, dels inferentiellt genom multipel regressionsanalys. Resultatet av regressionsanalysen visar att variabeln föräldrars andraspråksbakgrund utgör den främsta prediktorn med en negativ effekt på SI.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Student success in Higher Education: An exploratory study of the relationships between Higher Education students’ academic performance and age, gender, language background and socio-economic background
This study presents a measure of study success (SI) and examines its relationship with five variables that commonly serve as background in previous research on study success (e.g. De Clercq et al., 2021). There is no international standard on how to measure study success (Alyahyan & Düştegör, 2020), and it is uncommon in both international and national policy contexts to present data on how different groups of students progress through higher education. This study is based on collected survey data and data on grades and credits that are analyzed descriptively and inferentially through multiple regression analysis. The primary result of the analysis shows that the variable parental second language background has a strong negative effect on SI.
Invented Writing Activities in Nordic Early Childhood Education and Care – Traces of Didactics in Practice
Authors: Tjäru Sofie , Høyland Randi , Hofslundsengen Hilde , Magnusson Maria
Published: December 2024

This study investigates early childhood education and care (ECEC) teachers’ reported practices and views regarding children’s invented writing. A total of 222 teachers from Finland, Norway, and Sweden responded to a questionnaire on their practices regarding invented writing activities and rated statements on a Likert scale. The data were analyzed quantitatively with descriptive statistics, and open answers were analyzed qualitatively using content analysis. The results showed that few teachers arranged daily writing activities and that writing was especially uncommon with children aged three years and younger. A dominant view expressed was that children needed to be of a certain age for writing to be relevant and that the children were simply too young. The writing that did take place focused on letters and children’s names. Although most teachers reported that the alphabet was visibly displayed in their ECEC units, few teachers had included writing materials in play settings. However, some teachers reported physical and social learning environments that engaged children in invented writing. We believe that the latter teachers’ accounts indicate a didactic approach in Nordic ECEC that could serve as a starting point for future investigations regarding the didactics of invented writing in ECEC.
Centralization Tendencies in Participatory Planning
Authors: Kuch Hannes
Published: December 2024

In the new debate about economic planning, the question of whether new forms of comprehensive planning might inadvertently encourage a relapse into authoritarianism must be central. The article analyzes the proposal of a “Participatory Economy” because it is the most sophisticated model for comprehensive planning without the need for centralized institutions. Planning is carried out in a participatory manner, enabling worker and consumer councils to coordinate their interrelated economic activities themselves. The danger of a relapse into authoritarianism appears to be averted. However, the paper argues that the Participatory Economy doesn’t live up to the goal it set for itself to a satisfying degree, because it requires more centralized institutions than it initially suggests. Centralization tendencies arise for strong normative reasons and are therefore difficult to avoid. Even worse, council-democratic remedies to centralization tendencies don’t offer an easy answer, as these remedies come with their own set of problems.
Kuntoutustutkimuksessa Kuntoutus ORTONissa vuonna 1998 olleet ikääntyneet pitkäaikaistyöttömät
Authors: Saarinen-Salo Heljä , Anttila Seija
Published: December 2024

Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin kuntoutustutkimuksessa Kuntoutus ORTONissa vuonna 1998 olleille ikääntyneille pitkäaikaistyöttömille (n = 113) annettuja jatkosuosituksia ja niiden toteutumista. Lisäksi tutkittiin muiden toimenpiteiden toteutumista, meneillään olevia toimenpiteitä, toimeentuloa ja kuntoutustutkimuksen merkitystä asiakkaalle. Tutkimus tehtiin postikyselyn ja puhelinhaastattelun avulla 1–2 vuotta kuntoutustutkimuksen jälkeen. Kyselyyn vastasi 95 henkilöä. Puhelimitse heistä tavoitettiin 86, jotka muodostivat lopullisen tutkimusryhmän.
Tutkittujen keski-ikä oli 55,8 vuotta, ja suurin osa heistä oli käynyt kansa- tai kansalaiskoulun, ja lähes puolella ei ollut ammatillista koulutusta. Tutkituille suositeltiin useimmin työnhaun jatkamista, lääkinnällistä kuntoutusta, hoitoa ja lisätutkimuksia sekä eläkettä. Näistä suosituksista toteutui vähintään puolet suosituksen saaneista. Samoja toimenpiteitä toteutui myös silloin, kun niitä ei ollut suositeltu. Suurella osalla tutkituista oli seurantahetkellä meneillään erilaisia lääkinnällisiä hoitoja. Eläkettä saavien määrä oli kasvanut ja työttömyyskorvausta saavien määrä laskenut seuranta-aikana.
Suurin osa tutkituista piti kuntoutustutkimusta tarpeellisena omalla kohdallaan, mutta luottamusta tulevaisuuteen he eivät kuntoutustutkimuksesta juurikaan saaneet.
„Schreiben Sie das auf“. Fiktives Dokumentieren und die (Un-)Möglichkeiten des Zeugnisablegens in Cemile Sahins Alle Hunde sterben
Authors: Karakurt Hevin C.
Published: December 2024

Ursprünglich ein Terminus aus der Filmtheorie, wird ‚Dokufiktion‘ erst in jüngerer Zeit literaturwissenschaftlich beforscht. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die aktuelle Forschung und nähert sich dem Feld in einer Analyse von Cemile Sahins Alle Hunde sterben (2020). Indem Sahin eine fiktive Dokumentation vorlegt, die sich mit der realen Gewalt der Türkischen Republik gegen ihre eigene Bevölkerung befasst, bieten sich in der Analyse der ästhetischen, formalen und narratologischen Elemente des Textes neue Ansatzpunkte für die Betrachtung dokufiktionaler Texte unter Berücksichtigung theoretischer Überlegungen zu Zeugenschaft, Archiv und Geschichtsschreibung. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob und was fiktionale Literatur dokumentieren kann. Es geht also nicht um eine Fiktion der oder mit Dokumenten, sondern eine des Dokumentierens. Dabei verfolgt der Beitrag die These, dass insbesondere im Kontext fehlender, zweifelhafter oder schlecht zugänglicher ‚offizieller Versionen‘ und Dokumentationen von Ereignissen Fiktion die Lücke des Erinnerungsträgers als Speichermedium füllt. Zugleich macht sie uns in ihrem Status als Fiktion auf die prekäre Faktenlage und die Machtdynamiken diskursiver Wirklichkeitserzeugung – gerade im Kontext von Gewalt und Krieg – aufmerksam.
Geschäftsmodelle zur Finanzierung digitaler Technologien zur Erreichung der Klimaziele des Verkehrs
Authors: Schmidt Annika , Schnieder Lars
Published: December 2024

Effizienter öffentlicher Verkehr ist mehr, als Fahrgäste qualitätsgerecht an ihr Ziel zu bringen. Öffentliche Mobilität kann zukünftig einen stärkeren Beitrag leisten, Umweltfolgekosten zu vermeiden. Hierbei besteht das Potenzial, dass andere Industriezweige ihre Umweltfolgekosten durch einen Ausbau öffentlicher Verkehrssysteme kompensieren. Dieser Beitrag skizziert zukünftige Geschäftsmodelle, die den wahren Wert nachhaltiger urbaner Mobilität im Sinne vermiedener Umweltfolgekosten abzubilden vermögen.
Nutzung von Bushaltestellen für die letzte Meile
Authors: Bogdanski Ralf , Siefert Carina , Stürmer Carolina
Published: December 2024

Der bisherige Einsatz von Lastenrädern auf der letzten Meile der Paketlogistik (KEP) erfordert Mikro-Depotflächen im urbanen Raum, die kaum verfügbar sind. Als Alternative wird die logistische Nutzung von Bushaltestellen für einen Behälterumschlag von KEP-Transportern auf Lastenräder nach dem kooperativen Vorsorgeprinzip untersucht. Bushaltestellen sollen in freien Zeitfenstern als temporäre Ablageorte und Umschlagsfläche dienen. Um konzeptionell geeignete Bushaltestellen zu identifizieren, wird eine übertragbare analytische und systematische Herangehensweise am Beispiel der Stadt Nürnberg vorgestellt.
Short-term outcomes of secondary tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided heart valve surgery
Authors: Naidoo Sashelin , Pecoraro Alfonso , Steyn Jan , Doubell Anton , Janson Jacques
Published: December 2024

Background: Secondary tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common finding in patients undergoing surgery for leftsided heart valve disease. The indications for concomitant tricuspid valve (TV) repair have been progressively expanded based on data suggesting adverse sequelae for patients in whom secondary TR is not treated.

Method: This was a prospective observational study of patients undergoing left-sided valve surgery with at least mild TR. Eighty-three patients were enrolled between July 2019 - April 2021. Patients received either conservative management (no TV repair) or concomitant TV repair (TV repair) based upon a guidelinedirected, multidisciplinary team approach. Primary outcomes were freedom from recurrent TR, poor functional status, and mortality at 6 months. The secondary outcomes were to identify predictors of recurrent TR and compare no TV repair vs. TV repair outcomes in patients with moderate or severe pre-operative TR. Results: The mean age was 49 ± 15.5 years and 51.8% (43 of 83) were female. Thirty-seven (44.6%) had rheumatic heart disease. The most common procedures involved the mitral (50.6%) and aortic (28.9%) valves in isolation. Additional procedures were performed in 33 (39.8%) patients, including resection of the left atrial appendage in 21 (63.6%). Pre-operative moderate or severe TR was present in 34 (40.9%) patients, and TV repair was performed in 9 (10.8%) patients who all received rigid ring annuloplasty. At 6 months the 56 patients (67.5%) were free of significant TR, 14 (16.9%) were in a poor functional state and 72 (86.7%) were alive. Suggested predictors of recurrent TR at 6 months were female gender (OR 9.9, p=0.04), rheumatic leftsided valvopathy (OR 14.4, p=0.02), and elevated right ventricular systolic pressure (OR 1.1, p<0.01). An exploratory sub-group analysis did not reveal any primary outcomes differences between no TV repair vs. TV repair at 6 months, despite the latter group demonstrating more high-risk features.

Conclusion: Guideline-directed, multidisciplinary team approach for the management of secondary TR associated with left-sided valve disease produced good overall short-term outcomes that appeared similar whether or not the TV was repaired. Prospective studies with long-term outcomes are required to determine the optimal treatment strategy for secondary TR in patients undergoing left-sided valve surgery.
Państwo wobec uniwersytetu w świetle wartości zapisanych w Magna Charta universitatum (1988) i Magna Charta universitatum 2020 (2020)
Authors: Brzeziński Jerzy Marian
Published: December 2024

Zdaniem autora artykułu dwa dokumenty wytworzone na Uniwersytecie Bolońskim (najstarszym uniwersytecie w Europie – założonym w 1088 r.): Magna Charta Universitatum (1988) i Magna Charta Universitatum 2020 określają zobowiązania państw wobec uniwersytetów. Współcześnie można zaobserwować odstępstwa rządów od respektowania zapisów ujętych w Kartach. W artykule autor omawia konsekwencje stanowienia przez państwo dysfunkcjonalnego prawa dotyczącego szkolnictwa wyższego i nauki.
Reguła 10/50. Analiza dorobku 150 tysięcy polskich naukowców pokazuje trwałość systemowych nierówności w nauce
Authors: Kwiek Marek , Roszka Wojciech
Published: December 2024

Przeprowadziliśmy analizę udziału najbardziej produktywnych polskich naukowców w krajowej produkcji publikacyjnej z perspektywy czasowej (1992–2021) i dyscyplinarnej (15 dyscyplin STEMM). Górny 1% naukowców odpowiadał średnio za 10% krajowej produkcji publikacyjnej (reguła 1/10), a górnych 10% naukowców odpowiadało za prawie 50% tej produkcji (reguła 10/50). Wyniki naszych modeli ekonometrycznych pokazują, że szanse na przynależność do grupy najbardziej produktywnych naukowców są średnio znacznie wyższe w przypadku mężczyzn, naukowców z długą historią publikacyjną i szeroko zaangażowanych w międzynarodową współpracę badawczą. Mężczyźni są nadreprezentowani we wszystkich trzech badanych klasach najbardziej produktywnych naukowców (1%, 5% i 10%). Zbiór danych zawierał N =152 043 naukowców i ich Nart = 587 558 artykułów z okresu 1992!2021 indeksowanych w bazie Scopus.
O nowy model poznawczy humanistyki – poznańska szkoła metodologiczna (część II)
Authors: Grad Jan
Published: December 2024

Po 1974 roku z poznańskiej szkoły metodologicznej wyodrębniły się trzy zespoły naukowe, które rozwijały problematykę: (1) idealizacyjnej teorii nauki i nie-Marksowskiego materializmu historycznego, (2) epistemologii historycznej, teorii kultury i badań kulturoznawczych oraz (3) metodologii badań historycznych. Zespół (1) pod kierunkiem L. Nowaka prowadził analizy teoriopoznawcze i metodologiczne w zakresie marksistowskiej dialektyki kategorialnej, adaptacyjnej interpretacji materializmu historycznego i nie-Marksowskiej teorii społecznej. Grupa badaczy skupionych wokół J. Kmity (2) zajmowała się zagadnieniami rozwoju nauki w ramach epistemologii historycznej i teoretycznej historii nauki oraz badaniami nad kulturą i nauką jako dziedziną kultury z perspektywy poznawczej społeczno- regulacyjnej teorii kultury, które uformowały „poznańską szkołę kulturoznawczą”. Zespół (3), kierowany przez J. Topolskiego, rekonstruując postępowanie badawcze historyków i historiografów, ustalał, „jak się pisze i rozumie historię”, uwzględniając różne stanowiska teoretyczno-metodologiczne w uprawianiu badań historycznych oraz nowoczesne i postmodernistyczne trendy kulturowe i orientacje filozoficzne mające wpływ na „pisanie historii”.
Profesor Zbigniew Kwieciński (1941–2024) – pro memoria
Authors: Cybal-Michalska Agnieszka
Published: December 2024

Artykuł poświęcony jest pamięci prof. Zbigniewa Kwiecińskiego, który zmarł w Toruniu 25 sierpnia 2024 r. Profesor Zbigniew Kwieciński był wybitnym pedagogiem i socjologiem edukacji, członkiem rzeczywistym Polskiej Akademii Nauk. Artykuł przedstawia fakty z życia i drogi naukowej prof. Zbigniewa Kwiecińskiego – uczonego oddanego służbie odwiecznym ideałom poszukiwania prawd naukowych.
Memory of wheat to repeated Heat Stress during pre-anthesis could be responsible for improved tolerance
Authors: Bacu Ariola , Ciko Krisida , Ibro Vjollca
Published: December 2024

Risk imposed by high temperatures (HT) to the quality and yield of cereals, requires evaluation of naturally resistant resources, and finding of methods to improve it. In this research, were analyzed the tolerance to HT of 19 winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) in use in Albania, and the possible memory gained to the repeated stress, before anthesis. Biometric (root, shoot, leafs length), physiological (fine root cells death, Relative Water Content-RWC), and biochemical parameters (chla, chlb, carotenoids and xantophylls, and total carbohydrates) were measured, and the impact of a short shock (SS) at 42°C/2hrs versus a longer treatment (LT) at 38-35°C/24hrs on pigment synthesis, and on the expression of rubisco activase (Rca1) coding gene were investigated. A classification system was built to describe the tolerance to HT, and cultivars were grouped via UPGMA, and PCoA. Results show that SS impacted pigment synthesis more than LT, while expression of Rca1 was cultivar-specific; In a group of 19 cultivars under two treatments (T1, T2) at 30°C, the vulnerable: moderately tolerant: tolerant were 4: 11: 5, and 3:9:7, respectively. Values were cultivar-specific for single parameters, yet a general trend was evident for some. Improved tolerance to repeated stress was described as gained stress memory.
Technological revolution and the reconfiguration of Human Life – A philosophical approach
Authors: Likaj Albano
Published: December 2024

The fate of man used to depend on the “mercy” of nature. He left everything that happened in nature to chance. Nature wants it to happen that way. The only salvation for him would be if he adapted to nature’s plan. With the development of technology, people think differently about humans. He will no longer be seen as “the two-legged animal that cannot separate itself from nature.” Like the animal whose destiny is written in nature. Technology is the fact that man can surpass himself. He not only appears differently under the optics of technology, but also challenges nature by giving it a different look. As technology evolves, it conquers nature, overcomes the fate dependent on nature and changes it. It changes its destiny, even itself. With technology, he reconfigures his existence. What does that mean? We see it in many different areas of life where technology is reconfiguring humans as “God” who has the power to change. For example; at work, in education, in healthcare and in communication, new technological tools have made it easier to achieve goals. Technological development makes us see the world differently, connects us to the world differently and changes it. It is a lighthouse that, alongside the world, alongside nature, also illuminates the meaning of our being and our existence.
Leveraging Cultural Knowledge of Atractosteus tropicus to Empower Rural Communities and Develop Sustainable Microenterprises in Southeastern Mexico
Authors: Oropeza-Tosca Diana Rubí , Notario-Priego Roger , Rincón-Molina Clara Ivette , González-Izquierdo Karina , Gómez Luis Alberto Manzano
Published: December 2024

Objective: This research aimed to empower rural communities in Southeastern Mexico by using cultural knowledge of Atractosteus tropicus to support the creation of microenterprises based on its sustainable use, promoting socio-economic development.
 
Theoretical Framework: The study draws on participatory action research (PAR) and sustainable development principles, aligning community-based resource management with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
 
Method: A participatory action research approach was applied, integrating needs assessment and community involvement at all stages. Training programs were tailored to local needs, focusing on tropical gar biology, ecology, and traditional gastronomy, alongside tools for marketing, entrepreneurship, and microenterprise management.
 
Results and Discussion: The project fostered innovative food products with sustainable packaging and promoted women’s active leadership in microenterprise initiatives. Sustainable fishing practices were strengthened, directly contributing to SDGs such as poverty reduction, zero hunger, decent work, reduced inequalities, responsible consumption, life below water, and partnerships. Community feedback reflected a positive response to training and new economic opportunities.
 
Research Implications: This research underscores the value of culturally relevant, community-centered approaches in sustainable development, demonstrating potential for broader applications in rural regions with unique resources.
 
Originality/Value: This study highlights an integrative model where traditional ecological knowledge and local resources meet entrepreneurship and sustainability, setting a replicable framework for community empowerment and biodiversity conservation.
Use of RPAS (DRONES) for Masonry Arch Bridges Inspection: Quality and Sustainable Work with Preventive Guarantee
Authors: Elizalde Rubén Rodríguez
Published: December 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of drones as a tool for the inspection of masonry arch bridges, to determine whether drones can replace traditional inspection methods.
 
Theoretical Framework: Based on the criteria established by public infrastructure management authorities for the inspection of bridges, the article explains how drones have revolutionised various sectors, such as civil engineering, allowing for detailed and safe visual inspections in hard-to-reach places. In this regard, previous studies are reviewed that have demonstrated the effectiveness of drones for various reconnaissance operations.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this investigation included a visual inspection using a drone on two medieval bridges that currently only support pedestrian traffic: a single-arch bridge, the Puente del Grajal, and a multi-arch bridge, the Puente Brandomil.
 
Results and Discussion: The results confirmed that the drone can diagnose various injuries on bridges, as proof of the effectiveness of this microtool to carry out a complete visual inspection of an old construction, and of all its visible elements, whether they are accessible or not.
 
Research Implications: Research shows that drones can be a model tool for the conservation of architectural heritage, allowing fast and safe visual diagnoses, with lower costs and risks. The use of drones can transform current practices for structural assessment of any infrastructure, including any type of monument.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature in the field of heritage conservation by demonstrating that drones can replace traditional inspection methods, reducing costs, time and risks for workers, while preserving the integrity of the inspected structure. The research is quite innovative in combining drone inspection techniques in a cultural heritage context, opening up new opportunities in the conservation of ancient structures.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Patient Triage in Emergency Departments: an Integrative Review
Authors: Magalhães Maria Eugennia Andrade , Silva Carine Vitória Lemes da , Oliveira Heluza Monteiro de , Lima Ana Beatriz Rodrigues de , Flores Maria Teresa Salum , Leite Isabella Ferreira , Silva Guilherme Aresi da , Faria Ivan Aurélio Fortuna Kalil de , Cruz Adriano Nogueira da , Costa José Helinaldo das Chagas , Zanoni Rodrigo Daniel
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to explore how AI has been applied in patient triage in emergency services, investigating its contributions to the efficiency of care, the challenges faced in implementation, and the opportunities for response time optimization and resource allocation.
 
Method: An integrative literature review was carried out with studies published between 2020 and 2024. The research was guided by the PICo (Population, Interest and Context) model, focusing on patients treated in emergency services (P), the application of AI for triage (I) and the hospital and emergency context (Co). The search was carried out in databases such as PubMed, LILACS, SciELO and Scopus, applying the Boolean code "Artificial Intelligence" AND "Triage" AND "Emergency Services". After screening 214 initial articles, 12 studies were selected for final analysis, based on the PRISMA guidelines.
 
Results and Discussion: The review pointed out that AI significantly improves response time and reduces the margin of error in patient classification, especially in high-demand situations. The use of AI stood out in identifying critical outcomes, such as the need for immediate care. During the COVID-19 pandemic, AI has proven to be essential in the remote triage of high-risk patients, ensuring efficient use of resources in overcrowded settings. However, implementation faces challenges, such as resistance from health professionals and the need for integration with existing health systems.
 
Conclusion: In summary, the use of AI in emergency services has brought significant benefits, such as increased triage efficiency, improved diagnostic accuracy, and improved resource management. However, overcoming cultural and operational barriers and setting clear ethical guidelines are essential. The careful integration of AI, with continuous training and periodic assessments, is critical to transforming care and ensuring more effective and safer patient care.