bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The gut microbiome composition is altered in long-standing type 1 diabetes and associates with glycemic control and disease-related complications
Authors: Heck Julia IP van , Gacesa Ranko , Stienstra Rinke , Fu Jingyuan , Zhernakova Alexandra , Harmsen Hermie JM , Weersma Rinse K , Joosten Leo AB , Tack Cees J
Published: June 2022

  

Objective: People with type 1 diabetes are at risk of developing micro- and macrovascular complications. Little is known about the gut microbiome in long-standing type 1 diabetes. We explored differences in the gut microbiome of participants with type 1 diabetes compared to healthy controls and associated the gut microbiome with diabetes-related complications.

Research Design and Methods: Microbiome data of 238 participants with type 1 diabetes with an average disease duration of 28 (±15) years were compared to 2937 age-, sex- and BMI-matched individuals. Clinical characteristics and fecal samples were collected and metagenomic shotgun sequencing was performed. Microbial taxonomy was associated with type 1 diabetes–related characteristics and vascular complications.

Results: No significant difference in the α-diversity of the gut microbiome was found between participants with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. However, 43 bacterial taxa were significantly depleted in type 1 diabetes, while 37 bacterial taxa were significantly enriched. HbA1c and disease duration explained a significant part of variation in the gut microbiome (R2>0.008, FDR<0.05), and HbA1c was significantly associated with the abundance of several microbial species. Additionally, both micro- and macrovascular complications explained a significant part of variation in the gut microbiome (R2>0.0075, FDR<0.05). Nephropathy was strongly associated with several microbial species. Macrovascular complications displayed similar associations to nephropathy.

Conclusion: Our data show that the gut microbiome is altered in people with (long-standing) type 1 diabetes and is associated to glycemic control and diabetes-related complications. Due to the cross-sectional design, the causality of these relationships remains to be determined.
A palavra cão não morde
Authors: Valverde Antonio José Romera
Published: June 2022

Se o tempo presente se mostra fragmentado e sob fortes indícios de retorno à barbárie, - identificado por práticas e discursos políticos autoritários, em tendência de se tornarem hegemônicos -, o ensaio procura interpelar o estatuto contraditório da palavra no campo da política, através de uma sondagem lúdica. A exploração da matéria gravita em torno de uma página de Marat, de 1774, republicada em 1793, momento de consolidação dos ideais da Revolução Francesa, sob o Terror. A hipótese guia considera que as palavras não são as coisas, mas as representações “verdadeiras” das coisas e dos conceitos, nos atos de suas concepções primordiais. Se em princípio, as palavras podem ser consideradas “verdadeiras”, os atores políticos as desnaturam pela manipulação dos sentidos próprios e originais, findando por gerar ilusões para além de seus significados mais arraigados. Assim, o ensaio ao expor, transversal e criticamente, recortes de textos de Literatura e de Filosofia, conjuga citações e referências através de aforismos, dispostos em mosaico, cujo fundo dá a ver a possibilidade/impossibilidade de se confiar, de modo cabal, nas palavras circulantes, - ao menos naquelas utilizadas  campo da ação política.
PENGARUH KECEMASAN MATEMATIKA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS BERBASIS SOAL PISA
Authors: Muhsana Novila , Diana Hafsah Adha
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the relationship and influence of mathematics anxiety levels on students' mathematical reasoning abilities in solving PISA-based math problems. This research is quantitative research with the associative method. The population covered by this study were students of SMAN 1 Batam in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year who came from a population that was normally distributed and homogeneous, with one class being selected as the research sample. The data collection technique used a mathematical anxiety questionnaire and mathematical reasoning ability test questions based on PISA questions. Furthermore, the data obtained were analyzed using correlation analysis techniques and simple linear regression tests. The results showed that there was a negative relationship between math anxiety and students' mathematical reasoning ability with a correlation of -0.178 and there was no significant effect between math anxiety on students' mathematical reasoning abilities in solving math problems based on PISA.
MODEL INTEGRATING SOCIETY, SCIENCE, ENVIRONMENT, TECHNOLOGY AND COLLABORATIVE MIND MAPPING MEMPENGARUHI PENALARAN MATEMATIS DAN MULTIPLE INTELLEGENCES
Authors: Mujib Mujib , Mardiyah Mardiyah , Suherman Suherman
Published: June 2022

The reasoning is critical in all fields, but especially in mathematics. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the differences in students' mathematical reasoning abilities when they are exposed to learning that integrates society, science, the environment, technology, and collaborative mind mapping (ISSETCM2). This is a quasi-experiment with a population of 220 students and a sample size of 60 students. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling without replacement (without replacement). Mathematical reasoning tests based on essays and questionnaires assessing multiple intelligences. Validity, reliability, normality, homogeneity, and two-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that while students' mathematical reasoning abilities improved when ISSETCM2 learning was used, there was no difference in students' mathematical reasoning abilities when conventional learning was used. Furthermore, there was no difference in students' mathematical reasoning abilities when multiple intelligences were classified as high, medium, or low. There is no interaction between learning methods and students' mathematical reasoning abilities at the high, medium, or low multiple intelligence levels.
IDENTIFICATION OF MATHEMATICAL ERRORS COMMITTED BY SENIOR SCHOOL STUDENTS IN CALCULUS
Authors: AMEEN Khadijat Saka , SALAWU Semiu Ayinla , ARABA Hammed Bidemi
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to identify mathematical errors committed by senior school students in calculus. Specifically, this study analyzes the various types of errors committed when solving problems involving calculus. The study is a descriptive study that employed a mathematics performance test on calculus (MPT-C) as the research instrument. The study considered two independent variables which are: error type and gender. The research sample for the study comprised all senior secondary school three (SS III) students. A random sampling technique was used to select the participating schools. A total of 300 senior secondary school students were involved in the selected schools. All research questions were answered using mean gain difference while all research hypotheses were tested using chi-square. All the research hypotheses were tested at a 0.05-significance level. The results of the analysis indicated that: there were no significant differences in the frequencies of structural, supposition, translation, operation, and random errors committed by male and female senior secondary school students in word problem-solving involving calculus.
PENGARUH DISPOSISI MATEMATIKA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI INSTAGRAM
Authors: Yunarti Tina , Asnawati Rini , Coesamin M.
Published: June 2022

Mathematical disposition is one of the most studied variables in offline learning. When online learning is carried out, this variable is often forgotten because of the difficulty of capturing this phenomenon in learning. This variable is needed to improve the quality of mathematics learning in class and student learning outcomes. This study aims to find the effect of students' mathematical disposition on learning outcomes in learning with the Instagram (IG) platform. The research was conducted in class XI IPA SMAN 15 Bandar Lampung using the causal method and the research population was 282 people. The variables in this study were students' mathematical disposition (X) and students' mathematics learning outcomes (Y). The data were obtained through a questionnaire instrument for students' mathematical dispositions and a mathematical test instrument. Hypothesis testing is done by a simple linear regression test using = 0.05. The regression equation is obtained = 35.811 + 0.026X with = 0.09. The significance value of mathematical disposition is 0.048 (𝑠i𝑔 < ) so it can be concluded that there is an influence of mathematical disposition on the understanding of mathematical concepts of class XI students of SMAN 15 Bandar Lampung.
ANALISIS FAKTOR KESULITAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS IV SDS TRI SUKSES
Authors: Izzatika Amrina , Rapani Rapani , Astuti Nelly , Silviyana Erika
Published: June 2022

The problem in this study is that students have difficulty learning mathematics during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study is aims to determine the factors of learning difficulties in mathematics in fourth grade students of SDS Tri Sukses, with the limitation of the problem of factors of learning difficulties in mathematics and efforts to overcome difficulties in learning mathematics in grade IV students of SDS Tri Sukses. The research method in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques with interviews, observation and documentation. The data in the analysis refers to the data of Miles and Hubberman with the following steps: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that the factors that cause difficulty in learning mathematics come from internal factors, namely the health of students who are not optimal, negative attitudes in learning mathematics, student interest, and student motivation is still low. External factors include the use of teaching methods that are less varied, the lack of use of learning media, the relationship between educators and students who are less close and the family environment. Efforts made in overcoming difficulties in learning mathematics are teachers always provide motivation, provide contextual or real learning, increase interest in learning and help and guide students who have difficulty learning mathematics
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MATERI PERKALIAN ALJABAR BERBASIS APLIKASI SCRATCH
Authors: Yulianisa Amelia , Sudihartinih Eyus
Published: June 2022

This research aims to design learning media based on the Scratch application on algebraic multiplication material. This research method uses the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) development model with six stages, namely concept, design, collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. The test was carried out in two stages, namely functionality testing to check the suitability of program functions and user acceptance testing to find out user responses to the program trial that had been designed by distributing open-ended questions through Google Forms and conducting interviews. The participants of this study were 19 students of the Mathematics Education study program at one of the universities in Bandung City, West Java. Based on the results of research, it is known that this learning media can be completed properly through the MDLC stage. It is also known that the user's response to the developed media is positive with a very good category. For the development of this media, copyright can be made and it is necessary to conduct further research on different topics and research to find out the effectiveness of the use of media that has been developed.
IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI TEAM QUIZ TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Sari Shella Yulia , Loliyana Loliyana , Perdana Ryzal
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify effect of using the team quiz learning strategy on problem solving abilities and mathematics learning outcomes. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental type of research experiment. The research design is one group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study were all fourth grade students, totaling 28 people. Data collection techniques using tests and non-tests. The test technique uses multiple choice question and essay, the non-test technique uses an observation sheet. Data analysis used simple linear regression and regression significance test. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that there was a significant effect of the use of the team quiz learning strategy on the problem-solving abilities and learning outcomes of fourth grade students in mathematics.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBELAJARAN STATISTIKA DENGAN METODE TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA
Authors: Octavia Vera
Published: June 2022

One of the causes of low learning outcomes is due to lecture activities that have not used appropriate learning methods. One alternative learning method that can be used in lectures related to arithmetic, such as statistics and mathematics, is by applying the Team Assisted Individualization method. The purpose of this study is to determine the differences in statistical learning outcomes between students who applied the Team Assisted Individualization learning method and those applied conventional learning methods and the effect of the learning methods used on statistical learning outcomes. The research method used is by conducting experiments on students of the Department of Sociology, FISIP UIN SGD Bandung, by taking samples of three classes, the experimental class namely the class that is given statistics learning with the Team Assisted Individualization method, the second class is using conventional methods with learning modules and class the third is using conventional learning methods (lecture method). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis with MANOVA test and regression analysis using least square dummy variable method. The results show that there are differences in statistical learning outcomes between the three classes and there is an effect of the learning method applied, where the Teams Assisted Individualization method has a greater effect than other learning methods applied to the other two classes.
PENGARUH MODEL EXAMPLE NON EXAMPLE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rohim Dhina Cahya
Published: June 2022

Distance learning that lasts a long time makes mathematics learning outcomes less than optimal so a strategy is needed to overcome this. One way that can be used is to apply the example non example model. This study aims to determine the effect of the non-example model on students' mathematics learning outcomes in elementary schools. This research method is a quasi-experimental research that contains two variables, namely the independent variable in the form of a non-example model and the dependent variable, namely learning outcomes. The population in this study was 67 students from the fifth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah 1 Kudus. Samples were taken randomly and was selected as the experimental class and the control class each with a total of 25 students. Data collection techniques using test. Data analysis was performed using t-test. The average value of the experimental class was 83.4 while the control class was 76.16. while the results of the hypothesis test showed that the value of sig(2-tailed) was 0.000 so that Ha was accepted. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of using a non-example model on students' mathematics learning outcomes.
PENGARUH SELF CONFIDENCE TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Puspalita Ajeng Nandya , Nurhanurawati Nurhanurawati , Coesamin M.
Published: June 2022

This research aims to determine the effect of self confidence on student’s mathematical problem solving abilities. The population in this research was all seventh grade students of SMP Swadhipa 1 Natar in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year which were distributed in three classes, namely grades VIIA, VIIB and VIIC. The samples of this research were students of class VIIB and class VIIC who were selected by cluster random sampling technique with a total of 50 students. Research data taken in the form of quantitative data obtained from self-confidence questionnaires and tests of student’s mathematical problem solving abilities. Based on the results of hypothesis testing using linear regression analysis and correlation coefficient, it can be concluded that self-confidence has an effect on student’s mathematical problem solving abilities.
RESTRUCTURING ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION POST COVID-19: PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE AND CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY EXPECTATIONS
Authors:   School of Architecture, Planning and Design, DIT University, Garg Rajeev , K. Sharma Anoop ,   School of Architecture and Landscape Design, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Arif Kamal Mohammad ,   Architecture Section, Aligarh Muslim University
Published: June 2022

Introduction: It is clear that there is a gap between academic knowledge and professional practice in the field of architecture. Based on feedback from the industry, recent graduates lack the required skills, technical knowledge, and professional competencies. To keep pace with the rapidly changing technological scenario, the entire curriculum and syllabus of undergraduate (UG) level architectural education in India need restructuring and revision with reference to the contents to be taught and technical skills to be gained. In the past few years, student enrollment in UG-level architecture programs in India has declined, whereas demand projected experiences an upward movement. Purpose of the study: We aimed to restructure architectural education post COVID-19 pandemic with reference to professional practice and market expectations. For that purpose, we needed to review various aspects of higher education, the current scenario, and graduate attributes and reformulate those in terms of architectural education. It has become imperative to strengthen architectural education, especially post COVID-19 crisis. Prospective future professionals should be trained to meet the construction industry expectations while continuing their independent lifelong learning to ensure their global acceptability. Methods: The study methodology involves a market survey to analyze the current situation and determine construction industry expectations for recent graduates of architecture programs. The survey covered representatives of academia and construction industry professionals. Results and Discussion: The findings show that there is potential for restructuring the architectural education curriculum to both suit the educational purpose and meet the industry expectations. Its restructuring with a fresh approach will help architecture students learn more thoroughly how to become professionals ready to work in the Indian market as well as accept the global challenges presented by changing technology. The outcome of this study is presented in the form of a simple model curriculum, which can be adopted by institutions imparting architectural education.
OTTOMAN ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   Abu Dhabi University, Kelly Tamara
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Throughout the years, numerous factors have contributed to the formation of city identity, urban fabric, and architecture. These factors include inspirations from various civilizations and religious influences. Architecture is also determined by such physical constraints as climate, geography, and the availability of specific materials. This article in particular addresses Turkey, a vast country with significant culture, and its architecture shaped by the strong identity of the nation. Methods: The article explores the influence of diverse aspects and intangible factors on Turkish residential and sacral architecture. For that purpose, the history of the Ottoman Empire is analyzed, and the evolution of the Turkish Hayat house is examined, which is the basis of various housing styles in Turkey. Results and discussion: Political will and ambition as well as the glorification of victories in battles were the key elements behind many landmarked mosques. As for the Hayat house, it is closely associated with the lifestyle of the Turks who founded the Ottoman Empire.
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SNOW LOAD ON UNIQUE TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES
Authors:   University Research and Production Laboratory for Aerodynamic and Aero-Acoustic Testing of Building Structures, National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Poddaeva Olga
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Wind-induced snow drift is the main reason behind the non-uniform snow load on a snow-covered area. As known, snow load poses a serious hazard to the roofing of buildings and structures. According to the applicable regulatory documents, snow loads for non-standard roofs must be determined based on the results of model tests in wind tunnels. Purpose of the study: We aimed to study snow load on a unique transport infrastructure facility — the world’s first crossborder cable car connecting Blagoveshchensk in Russia to Heihe in China. Methods: We performed model tests to study snow accumulation and drifting with the use of a unique research setup — the Large Gradient Wind Tunnel, courtesy of the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering. Results: Based on climate analysis and tests under different wind attack angles, we obtained distribution patterns for snow deposits on the roofing of the unique transport infrastructure facility under consideration and derived the values of the coefficient μ (the coefficient of transition from the weight of the snow cover on the ground to the snow load on roofing).
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF NODAL JOINTS OF WOODEN ELEMENTS IN TRUSSES AND GEODESIC DOMES
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Zhivotov Dmitriy , Tilinin Yurii ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: June 2022

Introduction: In this paper, we consider LVL (laminated veneer lumber with unidirectional veneer) as an element of plane trusses and geodesic domes, acting as the bearing structure of roofs, and study destruction of LVL joints, which is necessary to improve designs of wooden roofs under consideration. Methods: Our studies were based on structural mechanics and wood science. In the course of the study, we used analytical, experimental, and statistical methods to process the results of tests. Results: Based on the experimental studies performed, we suggest a method to determine the design bearing capacity of treenails per edge joint (conventional shear) for joints of LVL elements with wood laminate (DSP-V, wood laminate where veneer fibers in the adjacent layers are mutually perpendicular) plates. Discussion: We obtained new values of the coefficient taking into account the compliance of connections for nodes and joints in LVL composite elements, which make it possible to quickly determine the required cross-sections of bearing rod elements in plane trusses.
Penerapan Metode Waterfall Pada Aplikasi Multimedia Interaktif Pengenalan Huruf Hijaiyah Berbasis Android Pada Paud Nabata
Authors: Kusumodestoni R Hadapiningradja , Wahono Buang Budi
Published: June 2022

Teknologi smartphone tidak hanya dapat digunakan oleh orang dewasa saja, akan tetapi anak usia dini pun layak diperkenalkan pada teknologi smartphone. Pendidikan anak pada usia dini diperlukan karena pada tahap tersebut sistem pembelajaran akan mempengaruhi tingkah laku dan pola berfikir anak. PAUD Nabata dalam hal pembelajaran mengenalkan huruf hijaiyah masih menggunakan media seperti buku, papan tulis, poster. Dengan pembelajaran tersebut kurang begitu menarik dan anak mudah cepat bosan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan aplikasi pengenalan huruf hijaiyah berbasis android menggunakan metode waterfall yang dapat dijadikan sebagai media pembelajaran yang baru pada PAUD Nabata, sehingga anak lebih semangat dalam belajar mengenal huruf hijaiyah dan tidak cepat bosan. Penelitian ini penulis membuat aplikasi pembelajaran yang berisikan pengetahuan dasar tentang huruf hijaiyah disertai dengan suara pengucapannya, dan keterangan bacaan sesuai harakatnya. Untuk hasil pengujian aplikasi telah melalui uji dari 1 ahli materi, 1 ahli media, dan 30 angket responden yang telah disebarkan dan menghasilkan, dari ahli media 100%, ahli materi 100%, dan angket responden 88.2%. Kesimpulan dari pengujian aplikasi Belajar Huruf Hijaiyah dapat dikatakan sangat layak.
Pengaruh Faktor Usability terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna pada Website UNIPA
Authors: Piran Gerfasius Take
Published: June 2022

Website adalah administrasi data untuk semua klien yang dapat diperoleh tanpa batas. Pemanfaatan website juga umumnya dimanfaatkan dalam ranah pendidikan. Penggunaan webste di bidang pendidikan salah satunya diterapkan di Universitas Nusa Nipa sebagai wadah palayanan informasi kepada mahasiwa dan dosen. Untuk menghasilkan hasil kualitas website yang baik, perlu dikembangkan lebih banyak informasi dan layanan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan mahasiswa. Studi ini menemukan bahwa kualitas kegunaan, informasi, dan interaksi layanan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepuasan pengguna website.
Trail Impacts In A Tropical Rainforest National Park
Authors: De Almeida Erika S. , Sartori Richieri A. , Zaú André S.
Published: June 2022

Generally considered a sustainable economic activity, tourism can generate environmental deterioration due to a lack of planning. In this case, the edge effect is utilized to assess the degree of human interference in the environment. Although the Atlantic Forest is known as a hotspot because of its high species richness and endemism, it is also a threatened biome. In this context of anthropogenic pressure, our work assesses the edge-interior gradient in the regenerating forest based on the physical characteristics of vegetation and floristic composition, in addition to providing overall guidelines to effectively assist in its management. For this study, 30 plots of 25 m² (10 m x 2.5 m) equally distributed among the edges of trails and locations 20 and 40 m away from them were established, with the greatest length measured parallel to the edge of the tracks. Overall, 443 individuals of 122 species were investigated. More than 60 of them were endemic to Brazil, 13.3% were threatened and 9.1% were widely distributed species. Some species were present at all distances from the trails, others co-occurred, but the majority were exclusive to a single plot category. Differences in species diversity were also observed with an increasing trend in dominance at the edges of trails along with a decreased richness at the same distance.
Change Detection of Vegetation Cover Using Remote Sensing and GIS – A Case Study of the West Coast Region of South Africa
Authors: Coetzee Clive
Published: June 2022

This article investigates the possible permanent vegetation cover (VC) change over an extended time for five municipal regions in South Africa by applying satellite-acquired remote sensed normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values within a geographic information system (GIS), spatial (West Coast District) and time (1981 to 2019 and 2000 to 2020) context. The NDVI index measures surface reflectance and give a quantitative estimation of vegetation growth and biomass. The study found relevance in its application since VC change detection has taken prominence over the past number of years in terms of sustainable development. Methods of analysis include image mapping, temporal image differencing, Moran I statistic, and the Mann-Kendall trend test. In the main areas that recorded significant changes in their NDVI values (plus or minus 0.4 difference on their original NDVI value) over time, in general, have experienced substantial and permanent VC change. These areas are also spatially clustered and concentrated within specific areas within the wider district. However, these areas constitute only a minority of areas (less than 20%), whereas most of the areas within the district did not experience such significant and permanent change in VC.  Instead, the changes that did occur in these majority of areas were related to seasonal variation, i.e., temporal changes.
A new strategy in selection of hormone therapy for endometrial proliferative process in postmenopausal patients
Authors: Savelieva GM , Breusenko VG , Kareva EN , Golukhov GN , Gutorova DS , Ovchinnikova AV , Ivanovskaya TN , Shcherbatyuk KV
Published: June 2022

The limited efficacy of hormone therapy for endometrial proliferative process (EPP) in postmenopausal patients and its side effects on the immune system functionalities have not been studied in detail. Here we assess the feasibility of hormone therapy for EPP in postmenopausal patients through evaluation of estradiol and progesterone receptor gene expression in endometrial tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The study enrolled 92 postmenopausal patients with EPP, including 37 pts with glandular-fibrous polyps, 7 pts with non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia (EH), 8 pts with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH), 31 pts with moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and 9 pts with highly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The PBMC isolates and endometrial samples were tested for ER⍺, ERβ, mER, PRA, PRB, mPR and PGRmC1 expression by reverse real time polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). Differential changes in PBMC receptor profiles upon in vitro exposure to progesterone or mifepristone were determined for patients with endometrial polyps and healthy women. The results indicate elevated expression of ERα, ERβ, PRA, PRB, mPR and PGRmC1 by endometrial tissues in EH and elevated expression of mER, ER⍺ and PRA by PBMC in AEH, apparently reflecting suppressed functionalities of monocytes, macrophages, Т-cells and natural killer cells. Unaltered expression of the studied genes by PBMC in endometrial adenocarcinoma may reflect the incrementing tumor autonomy. In vitro, mifepristone inhibited ER⍺, ERβ, mPR, PGRmC1, PRA and PRB expression in PBMC isolated from patients with endometrial polyps. We suppose that such effects can mitigate the negative influence of sex steroid hormones on immunocompetent cells.
Kekerasan Seksual terhadap Perempuan dalam Konflik Bersenjata di Tigray Ethiopia dalam Kajian Hukum Internasional
Authors: Puspita Natalia Yeti , Fahira Natasya , Andhika Revin
Published: June 2022

Sexual violence against women is often used as a military strategy to subdue the enemy. Sexual violence against women can result in the impurity of certain ethnicities due to rape and pregnancy and the humiliation of opponents. This happened in the armed conflict in Tigray-Ethiopia in 2020. This article analyzes the international legal protection of women from sexual violence in armed conflict in Tigray. The discussion shows that the armed conflict between the Central Government of Ethiopia and the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) in 2020 can be categorized as a non-international armed conflict. The absence of preventive and repressive efforts by the two warring parties, especially the central government of Ethiopia, regarding the sexual violence against Tigray women, shows that there is no legal protection for women in armed conflicts. This violates Article 27 of the 4th Geneva Convention of 1949, Article 4 paragraph (2) letter e of Additional Protocol II of 1977, and violates the principles of non-reciprocity, military necessity, distinction, proportionality, and humanity. In addition, sexual violence against women during armed conflict is an international crime under the Rome Statute. Ethiopia is a party to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and the 1977 Additional Protocol and can therefore be held accountable.
"Assessment of Spatial Differentiation of Financial Independence of Poviats in Poland (2007–2019)"
Authors:   ", DZIEKAŃSKI Paweł ,   Ph.D., Department of Economics and Finance, Faculty of Law and Social Science, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland", WROŃSKA Magdalena ,   "MSc, Institute of International Relations and Public Policies, Faculty of Law and Social Science, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland", MAITAH Mansoor ,   "Prof. Ing. Ph.D., Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic", NOVOSELETSKYI Oleksandr ,   Ph.D., Dean, Department of Economic-Mathematical Modeling and Informational Technologies, Faculty of Economics, National University of Ostroh Academy, Ostroh, Ukraine
Published: June 2022

A poviat is an independent entity with autonomy in the use of resources in the process of carrying out public tasks. Its local economic, financial and social resources, as well as information resources, determine the level of development. The basis for the proper and effective operation of poviats is the provision of appropriate financial resources. They consist of both the so-called own income as well as transfers from the state budget in the form of, inter alia, general subsidies and targeted subsidies. The main aim of the article is to assess the spatial differentiation of the level of financial independence of poviats in Poland in 2007-2019 using a synthetic measure. The empirical data on poviats in Poland was collected through information available from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office. The financial independence of poviats is radically diversified. There are significant differences regarding its level between the east and west of Poland. The western part of the country is characterized by better independence and financial situation. The study showed that the level of financial independence was shaped primarily by own income, income from PIT (personal income tax) and CIT (corporate tax), transfers from the state budget, and investment expenditure. The development of poviats depends on financial independence. The possessed financial resources are the basis for the operation and the condition for the implementation of its current and investment tasks. The potential of the poviat is built, among others, by professional activity of inhabitants, local labor market, entrepreneurship, infrastructure, condition of the natural environment, financial situation, increase in the quality and scope of public services and investments. Financial independence is correlated with the level of local development. It translates into disproportions in terms of the possibilities of meeting
"Four Cases, the Same Story? The Roles of the Prime Ministers in the V4 Countries During the COVID-19 Crisis"
Authors:   ", GRĘNDZIŃSKA Joanna ,   Associate Professor, Department of Law and Business Law, Faculty of Law and Administration, WSB University in Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland", HOFFMAN István ,   "Professor, Department of Administrative Law, Faculty of Law, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary Professor, Department of Public International Law, Faculty of Law and Administration, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University Lublin, Lublin, Poland", KLIMOVSKÝ Daniel ,   "Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Arts, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia Researcher, Science and Research Centre, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic", MALÝ Ivan ,   "Associate Professor, Department of Public Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic", NEMEC Juraj ,   "Professor, Department of Public Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic"
Published: June 2022

"The goal of this paper is to deliver a comparative analysis of the behaviors and statements of the PMs in Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic, using the concept of adaptive leaderships as a base for analysis. We employed the usage of four fundamental skills proposed by Glover, Friedman and Jones (2002) and of five fundamental recommendations proposed by Macpherson and ‘t Hart (2020) to assess the behaviors and relevant statements of the PMs of the four analyzed countries during the time of the pandemic. The fact that all four analyzed PMs did not employ many adaptive leadership skills and recommendations may serve as one of the possible explanations for the very problematic results in fighting COVID-19 during the second phase of the pandemic, when especially the Czech Republic and Slovakia belonged to the most affected countries. The costs of such limited competence are borne by citizens and businesses."
"Exploring Job Resources for Female Employees’ Job Strain: The Case of U.S. Federal Employees"
Authors:   ", HUR Yongbeom ,   Associate Professor, Department of Government and Justice Studies, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, USA"
Published: June 2022

"It becomes critical to the success of organizations to figure out how to effectively remedy female employees’ stress, given the sheer number of female employees in most organizations. The present study aimed to enhance our understanding of female employees’ strain, and suggest job resources to reduce their stressful feelings at work. With a sample of U.S. federal employees, female employees were compared with male counterparts in terms of their satisfaction about diverse work environments and the effects of work environment on stressful feelings. According to the findings, the strain of female employees was significantly higher than that of male counterparts. Work-life balance became a significant job resource for both male and female employees. Some work environment factors, such as public support and relationship with outside organizations, showed different effect on job strain, depending on the gender. Keywords: female employees, job resources, strain, employee stress, gender, stressful feelings."
"How to Cope with Counter-Performance in Public Administration. The Case of Freedom of Religion or Belief During the Pandemic"
Authors:   ", RAIU Cătălin ,   Lecturer, PhD, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Business and Administration, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania OSCE/ODIHR Member of Panel of Experts on Freedom of Religion or Belief", MINA-RAIU Laura ,   "Lecturer, PhD, Department of Administration and Public Management, Faculty of Administration and Public Management, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania"
Published: June 2022

"The Covid-19 pandemic crisis serves as a genuine natural experiment for societies worldwide, as the health-related crisis allowed governments to implement extreme measures that impacted people’s rights and freedoms, challenging the boundaries of democracy and rule of law. In the context of religious life, Romania was pointed by the OSCE as being one of the countries that have opted for the harshest measures to restrict religious life since the beginning of the pandemic. In this paper we present a case study of Romania’s restrictions imposed on religious life during the Covid-19 crisis, using secondary data analysis stemming from the UN, the OSCE, the Court of Appeal of Bucharest etc., as a framework to objectively analyze how the government should act regarding religious life, by enforcing the principles enshrined by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Art. no. 18. Our main findings suggest that, in Romania, during the pandemic, the restrictions imposed on religious life were politically bargained by the government rather than being mediated through national law and international standards and commitments on Freedom of Religion or Belief and based on the democratic principles of the rule of law."
The Legal Regime of Smart Contracts in Public Procurement
Authors:   ", SAVA Nadia-Ariadna ,   PhD Student and Research Assistant, Doctoral School of Law, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Early Stage Researcher, SAPIENS Network", DRAGOȘ Dacian ,   "Professor of European and Administrative Law, Department of Public Administration and Management, Faculty of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Lead Researcher, SAPIENS Network"
Published: June 2022

This article attempts to critically review the applications of smart contracts in public procurement. The literature on the topic is characterized by an emphasis on potential advantages and uses of this emerging technology, while it lacks in the concrete practical implementations of smart contracts in public procurement. In this context, we wish to realistically outline the legal regime of smart public procurement contracts. For this, we analyze the potential use of blockchain and smart contracts in public procurement at two stages: contract award and contract execution. Our article also discusses case studies of smart public procurement contracts, in order to assess their compatibility with and their impact on the EU public procurement system.
¿Ha fracasado la teoría del libre comercio? Una revisión crítica de la teoría de los tratados comerciales
Authors: Sempere Campello Jaume
Published: June 2022

La teoría del comercio internacional incluye los teoremas de las ganancias del libre comercio como una de sus proposiciones fundamentales. Estos teoremas han fundamentado muchos de los movimientos de liberalización comercial que se realizaron a finales del siglo xx. Después de una revisión crítica de los requisitos para la validez de los teoremas del libre comercio, la conclusión de este artículo es que, para obtener las ganancias esperadas de la liberalización comercial, se requiere de un acompañamiento muy sofisticado de políticas públicas, que difícilmente puede ser llevado a cabo por los gobiernos. Sin embargo, las políticas de ajuste al comercio y de corrección de fallos del mercado pueden ayudar a compensar parcialmente a los afectados negativamente por el comercio, y a realizar las ganancias de eficiencia de éste
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN RUSIA ATAS INVASI TERHADAP UKRAINA
Authors: Satura Gaizka Ayu
Published: June 2022

Di dalam hukum internasional terdapat pertanggungjawaban negara atas tindakan-tindakannya yang merugikan subyek hukum internasional lain (negara) dalam pergaulannya di aras internasional. Negara Rusia telah melancarkan invasi terhadap negara Ukraina pada 24 Februari 2022. Dampak dari tindakannya tersebut adalah terjadi dugaan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia dan pencideraan kedaulatan negara Ukraina oleh negara Rusia. Tulisan ini akan menunjukkan bagaimana pertanggungjawaban negara dalam hukum internasional dalam rangka memenuhi kewajiban internasional, dugaan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia dan dugaan ke tidak penghormatan atas kedaulatan negara Ukraina yang dilakukan negara Rusia karena invasinya serta akan menunjukkan mengapa negara Rusia merupakan pihak yang harus bertanggungjawab atas invasinya terhadap negara Ukraina. Tulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan konseptual dalam analisisnya.
PEMENUHAN HAK HUKUM KEPEGAWAIAN BAGI NON PNS YANG BEKERJA DI LINGKUNGAN PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH
Authors: Susanto Budi , Darumurti Krishna Djaya
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hak kepegawaian non PNS yang belum diatur dan menentukan pengaturan hak kepegawaian non PNS di lingkungan Pemerintahan Daerah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hak kepegawaian non PNS yang belum diatur, khususnya bagi pegawai honorer daerah, THL dan Tenaga Mitra. Pengaturan pemenuhan hak kepegawaian non PNS sebagai berikut: Pertama, pengaturan Hak Cuti terdiri atas: cuti sakit; cuti melahirkan; cuti bersama; cuti tahunan; dan cuti karena alasan penting. Kedua, pengaturan Hak Jaminan Pensiun dan Jaminan Hari Tua dengan mendaftarkan pegawai non PNS menjadi peserta BPJS ketenagakerjaan. Ketiga, pengaturan Hak perlindungan berupa jaminan sosial dan bantuan hukum. Keempat, Hak Pengembangan Kompetensi, dapat diatur berupa: informasi kompetensi; penilaian kinerja; pelaksanaan pengembangan kompetensi; dan riwayat pengembangan kompetensi.
KEDUDUKAN KREDITOR SEPARATIS TERHADAP RENCANA PERDAMAIAN DALAM PROSES PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG
Authors: Kenting Yohanes Alexander , Parulian Hizkia Dapot
Published: June 2022

Secara spesifik tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hak suara kreditor separatis berkenaan dengan rencana perdamaian yang diajukan oleh debitor dalam proses penundaan kewajiban pembayaran utang. Penulis berpendapat bahwa pemberian hak suara kepada kreditor separatis bertentangan dengan ketentuan Pasal 244 Undang-Undang No. 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang yang menyatakan bahwa kreditor separatis bukan bagian dari pihak penundaan kewajiban pembayaran utang sebab kreditor separatis dapat mengeksekusi hak jaminan kebendaan yang ada padanya seolah-olah tidak terjadi kepailitan. Selain itu, terdapat kekosongan pengaturan terkait akibat hukum dari diberikannya kompensasi dari nilai terendah jaminan kepada kreditor separatis yang tidak menyetujui rencana perdamaian sehingga berimplikasi kepada timbulnya ketidakadilan bagi debitor dan ketidakpastian hukum bagi kreditor separatis itu sendiri.
The sociotechnical walkthrough – a methodological approach for platform studies
Authors: Troeger Jasmin , Bock Annekatrin
Published: June 2022

The increasing use of platforms and the availability of data are driving the media and communication transformation in society. Platformization, namely “the penetration of infrastructures, economic processes, and governmental frameworks of platforms in different economic sectors and spheres of life” (Poell, Nieborg, & van Dijck, 2019, p. 5), poses enormous challenges for communication research which deals with data flows, data usage, and the media practices intertwined with platform use. Against the background of the change in digital communication brought about by datafication and platformization, we turn to previous research on platforms and studies applying walkthroughs. We discuss the application of the walkthrough approach at the intersection of science and technology studies (STS) and social semiotic technology research (SST), raising methodological questions for the future study of adaptive learning platforms for illustration. We illustrate the sociotechnical walkthrough as a methodological approach, using our analysis of an adaptive learning platform (Area9) and the associated usage practices. Our analysis features the application of different research personae in order to grasp algorithmic personalization. We conclude with a critical reflection on how the sociotechnical walkthrough approach could fit into a toolkit of traditional and digital methods for future interdisciplinary communications research.
Red tide monitoring method in coastal waters of Hebei Province based on decision tree classification
Authors: Yan Kang , Jinling Song , Mingming Bian , Haipeng Feng , Salama Mohamed
Published: June 2022

According to the water characteristics of the coastal waters of Hebei Province, this paper selects the data of the Marine Environmental Quality Bulletin of Hebei Province from 2009 to 2018 published on the website of the Department of Natural Resources of Hebei Province, and proposes a red tide monitoring method based on decision tree classification for the pre-processed MODIS 1B image data. The most important thing in the construction of decision tree is the determination of threshold, and this process is finally determined according to the value of Entropy. In this paper, the newly constructed red tide monitoring method is used to extract the occurrence area of red tide and count the red tide area. Finally, the decision tree classification method is compared with other typical red tide monitoring methods. The experimental results show that the red tide occurrence area and statistical area extracted by the red tide monitoring method based on decision tree classification are closer to the data displayed in the Ocean Bulletin, which demonstrates that this method is suitable for red tide monitoring in the coastal waters of Hebei Province.