bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Platinum(ii) complexes of benzannulated N∧N−∧O-amido ligands: bright orange phosphors with long-lived excited states
Authors: Lozada Issiah B. , Williams J. A. Gareth , Herbert David E.
Published: October 2021

Benzannulated N∧N−∧O-chelating ligands enable facile formation of remarkably bright orange-emitting Pt(ii) phosphors with very long-lived excited states.
Recent advances in sustainable organic transformations using methanol: expanding the scope of hydrogen-borrowing catalysis
Authors: Kabadwal Lalit Mohan , Bera Sourajit , Banerjee Debasis
Published: October 2021

Recent progress relating to sustainable approaches using methanol as a C1-alkylating agent for C–Me and N–Me bond formation is discussed.
Study on curing kinetics and behaviours of PGN adhesives
Authors: Li Tengbo , Li Xiaomeng , Ding Shanjun , Luo Yunjun
Published: October 2021

The curing kinetics between PGN and N100 were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and dynamic torsional vibration method.
Fabrication and simulation of a layered ultrahigh thermal conductive material made of self-assembled graphene and polydopamine on a copper substrate
Authors: Li Shuguang , Hou Xiaomin , Lu Shixiang , Xu Wenguo , Tao Jiasheng , Zhao Zhenlu , Hu Guojie , Gao Fengxin
Published: October 2021

A composite material of graphene (G) and polydopamine (PDA) on a copper (Cu) substrate (G/PDA@Cu) was fabricated successfully by sequential immersion deposition in a dopamine solution and an aqueous graphene oxide suspension before annealing.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone-assisted synthesis of highly water-stable cadmium-based metal–organic framework nanosheets for the detection of metronidazole
Authors: Qin Guoxu , Cao Duojun , Wan Xinjun , Wang Xinyun , Kong Yaqiong
Published: October 2021

Except PVP was added for Cd-MOF nanosheets, the preparation process of bulk and Cd-MOF nanosheets was similar.
Microscale magnetic field modulation using rapidly patterned soft magnetic microstructures
Authors: Shen Fengshan , Yu Yan , Li Yuexuan , Feng Hongtao , Wu Tianzhun , Chen Yan
Published: October 2021

We present a simple, robust, and ultra-fast method to fabricate soft magnetic patterns for locally modulating magnetic fields.
Temperature sensing in Tb3+/Eu3+-based tetranuclear silsesquioxane cages with tunable emission
Authors: Nigoghossian Karina , Kulakova Alena N. , Félix Gautier , Khrustalev Victor N. , Shubina Elena S. , Long Jérôme , Guari Yannick , Sene Saad , Carlos Luís D. , Bilyachenko Alexey N. , Larionova Joulia
Published: October 2021

Tetranuclear silsesquioxane cages with tunable thermosensitive Tb3+-to-Eu3+ energy transfer were used for temperature sensing based on the Tb3+-to-Eu3+ emission intensity ratio (LIR) with excellent linearity and sensitivity.
Multicomponent formation route to a new class of oxygen-based 1,3-dipoles and the modular synthesis of furans
Authors: Erguven Huseyin , Zhou Cuihan , Arndtsen Bruce A.
Published: October 2021

A new class of phosphorus-containing 1,3-dipoles has been developed, which, when coupled with cycloaddition, offers modular synthesis of furans with independent control of all four substituents.
Development of polymer-based multifunctional composite particles of protease and peroxidase activities
Authors: Sáringer Szilárd , Valtner Tamás , Varga Árpád , Maléth József , Szilágyi István
Published: October 2021

A polymer-based nanocomposite of dual enzyme function was developed to achieve joint protease and peroxidase activities.
Lightweight and flexible conducting polymer sponges and hydrogels for electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Sarkar Biporjoy , Li Xinda , Quenneville Eric , Carignan Louis-Philippe , Wu Ke , Cicoira Fabio
Published: October 2021

Sponges and hydrogel films based on the conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS exhibit electromagnetic interference shielding properties, with effectiveness as high as 105 dB.
Emerging materials for circularly polarized light detection
Authors: Shang Xiaobo , Wan Li , Wang Lin , Gao Feng , Li Hanying
Published: October 2021

Detecting circularly polarized light is central to many advanced sensing technologies. We summarize the recent progress on the chiral materials developed for CPL detection and provide perspectives on strategies to improve the dissymmetry factors.
Ways to increase grain production efficiency
Authors: Alexandrova Natalia , Chelnokova Svetlana , Subaeva Asia
Published: October 2021

The paper presents an assessment of the current state of grain production in the region, determines the main sectoral strategy of increasing the economic efficiency of grain production. The comprehensive analysis of the development of the industry made it possible to compile a correlation and regression model of the grain yield and leguminous crops, which allowed determining the most significant factors – the expenses of fertilizers, plant protection agents and the maintenance of fixed assets. A methodological approach to the grouping of regions according to the level and efficiency of grain production is proposed, which allows identifying the main zones of concentration and specialization of grain production. The formation of the regional grain cluster, uniting all participants in the production, processing and sale of grain and grain products, stimulating an increase in the volume of grain production in agricultural organizations of the region by 2024 up to 13614.3 thousand centners, the profitability of the industry – up to 31.04 % is substantiated.
Reserves to increase beef production and their use
Authors: Kibkalo Leonid
Published: October 2021

The studies were carried out on three groups of superreplacement heifers of the Simmental breed, which were impregnated at the body weight of 360 kg. In the first group there were 32 unimpregnated heifers, in the second – 28 heifers, in the third – 30 heifers. The heifers of the first group after growing at the age of 18 months were taken for meat. 56 heifers gave the crop. The heifers were transferred for reproduction, and the bull-calves were put on cultivation and further fattening. To obtain well-fed animals, special diets were made so that the average daily gain was at least 650-700 g. After calving, the cows of the second group were taken for meat, and the cows of the third group were put on a 3-month fattening, and then taken for meat. The pre-slaughter weight of animals of the first group was 52 kg lower than that of animals of the second group and 104.7 kg lower than that of the third group. The difference was statistically significant at P>0.999. The interior fat mass was higher in the carcasses of cows of the second group by 1.1 and 3.2 kg compared to the animals of the third and first groups. The carcass yield was almost at the same level slightly ahead of the animals of the first group. Their slaughter yield was 60.1%, in other groups – 58.8-59.6%. The meatiness ratio was slightly higher in animals of the first group. The carcass weight of the first-calf heifers of the third group was 27.4 kg higher than that of the second group. Compared to the first group, this figure is higher by 52.6 kg. Specific carcass meat weight of the animals of the third group was 82.75%, which is higher than in the second and first groups by 0.41-0.85%, respectively. Heavy cowbanes weighing 32.6 and 40.4 kg were obtained from the animals. The skin of animals of the third group was 3.5-21.6 dm2 larger in area than of the animals of the second and first groups. Feeder bull-calves (n=27) had a removable mass of 532 kg. Heavy (282.3 kg) carcasses of good morphological composition were obtained from them. The sales revenue from first-calf heifers (second group) was higher than fattened heifers by 10.4%, and in comparison with fattened animals after calving (third group) it was lower by 9.4%. From the sale of one cow with a crop, 2.9 times more profit was received than from the sale of a heifer.
Morphological characteristics of chicken liver influenced by immunostimulants
Authors: Asrutdinova Rezilya , Kanalina Nadezhda , Rakhmatov Lenar , Mullakhmetov Rustem
Published: October 2021

The paper studies the influence of Raspol polysaccharide and fosprenil on chicken liver microstructure during vaccination against avian infectious bronchitis. The response to the integrated effects of the vaccine and immunostimulants during this period caused weakly expressed edema in perisinusoid spaces and marked activation of reticuloendothelium cells represented by the increase of Kupffer’s cells. On the 28th day after vaccination, all hepatocytes were distinguished by uniformity of magnitude and shape. They lacked evidence of prior dystrophic changes. Most hepatocytes represented actively synthesizing cells as indicated by dark oxyphilous color of the cytoplasm. RES cells in the walls of sinus capillaries were still numerous, with a large volume of cytoplasm and nucleus. The previous studies refer to the phenomenon in the form of a cluster of lymphoid cells in the perivascular regions of the triad area, mucoid degeneration of vascular walls disappeared. The lumens of biliary passage were well observed, especially in chickens of the first group. The liver of the chicks of the control group after vaccination revealed weakly expressed local vascular disorders and absence of signs of metabolic disorders. Organ parenchyma cells retained structural signs of moderate biosynthetic activity of the cytoplasm and nucleus.
Problems of the implementation of the food self-sufficiency strategy
Authors: Avkhadiev Fayaz , Mukhametgaliev Farit , Gainutdinov Ilgizar , Asadullin Nail , Khismatullin Marcel
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the topic of the article is caused by the need to study the level of agricultural production and the country's self-sufficiency with basic food products in the context of fierce competition in the world food market and sanctions from Western European countries and the United States. The purpose of the article is to identify trends in the implementation of the strategy of import substitution of food products and to determine the priorities for the development of the agricultural business in import and export activities. The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the current state of food production and the development of priority directions for the effective functioning of enterprises of agricultural production and processing of agricultural raw materials in modern conditions of external and internal socio-political challenges and risks. The article defines the current state of food supply for the population of the country, identifies trends and priority strategic directions for implementing the policy of import substitution, and ensuring food security of the country suggests the need for an interconnected and balanced organization of import and export activities of agricultural enterprises. The theoretical provisions and practical recommendations proposed in the article allow solving the problem of stable self-sufficiency of the country with competitive food products and the transition to the implementation of an export-oriented strategy for the development of the agricultural sector of the economy.
Method and results of studying the influence of grinder knife parameters on specific work of feed cutting
Authors: Ayugin Nikolay , Isaychev Vitaly , Khalimov Rustam , Semashkin Nikolay
Published: October 2021

To study the process of feed cutting of vegetable origin, a laboratory setup based on the principle of an impact machine, which made it possible to provide a cutting speed in a sufficiently wide range, was developed at Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University. To ensure the required sliding angle, the cutting element (knife) has an adjusting plate with a lock, which allows changing the sliding angle in the range from 0 to 70 degrees. A laboratory setup can be used to study the cutting process of various feeds used in animal husbandry. The analysis of the most important parameters affecting the specific work of feed cutting was carried out, the dependence of the influence of the grinder knife design parameters (blade thickness and sliding angle) on specific cutting work of straw, potatoes, feed beetroot, carrots, corn cobs, stalks and leaves was established. The results of the laboratory studies indicate that at certain (appropriate) values of the knife sliding angle of the grinder, it is possible to achieve a decrease of specific cutting work of some feed (corn cobs and stalks, potatoes, feed beetroot, carrots) by 25 … 37%, when cutting corn leaves – by 15% , wheat straw – by 3%. This dependence is typical of a wide range of cutting speeds of the materials under study (from 2 to 10 m / s), the differences fit into the measurement inaccuracy. The results of the laboratory studies and the presented method can be used for design development of grinder cutting device for livestock enterprises.
Application of liquid and water-soluble special fertilizers and biostimulators in agropedocenoses of the forest-steppe zone
Authors: Levshakov L , Volobueva N
Published: October 2021

The value of foliar dressing is presented to achieve the maximum productivity of cultivated crops in agropedocenoses of the forest-steppe zone of the Russian Federation. When cultivating apple orchards in perennial agropedocenoses according to intensive technologies, the optimization of the nutritional regime is one of the most significant factors in obtaining a stably high crop yield of high-quality fruits. To fully provide apple trees with nutrient elements and growth biostimulators during the growing season, it is necessary to use special fat and water-soluble fertilizers and growth biostimulators. Most effectively, they are applied along the leaf surface as a foliar dressing. The leaf surface systems we developed and tested include the introduction of macro-, meso- and microelements and biological stimulating agents. The latter include various groups and types of amino acids, root, growth and development, flowering and setting, ripening and staining stimulating agents. The use of an integrated foliar dressing system has made it possible to provide the most complete need for apple trees with the necessary nutrients and compounds during the entire growing season. The obtained experimental data showed a high efficiency in changing a balanced system of foliar dressing in an intensive apple orchard. Compared to the control, there was a significant increase in the growth activity of the central conductor and fruit wood. Fruit setting rates, caliber and weight of apples and therefore more than 95% of the yield corresponded to the highest and first grade. The yield increased significantly compared to the control, it was from 28 to 66% for varieties and variants. Experimental studies showed high efficiency of foliar dressing with special fertilizers and growth biostimulating agents.
The Influence of Biochar and Substrates Application on the Parameters and Yield of Mini-Tubers of the Charoit Potato Variety
Authors: Rodionenko Alexander , Danilov Dmitry , Shelabina Tamara
Published: October 2021

The objects of research were potato meristem plants of the Charoite variety, mass and the number of mini-tubers grown on the “Agrobalt S” peat fertilizer and in a mixture of “ORVI” and biochar substrate in a closed greenhouse. A statistically significant effect of the use of this substrate and biochar on the increase in the number of standard mini-tubers relative to the control variant using only peat soil was established. The yield of standard tubers (9 – 60 mm) was 78 % when using “Agrobalt S” peat soil; 10 % of the substrate "ORVI" and 5 % of biochar, 78 %; 20 % of the substrate “ORVI” and 5 % of biochar, 77 %. A decrease in the standard material of mini-tubers of the Charoite variety against the background of an increase in quantitative indicators does not occur when using the substrate and biochar. Evaluation of latent viral infection of meristem plants and mini-tubers grown from them was performed by ELISA (Sandwich variant) in July and February and did not reveal latent infection in any of the variants. The determination of growing parameters was carried out a month after harvesting and showed that mini-tubers in all variants had no signs of the late blight disease, rhizoctonia disease, common scab, etc.
Innovative technology for the production of macaroni products made of emmer wheat flour
Authors: Khmeleva E. , Osipova G. , Seregina T. , Rogacheva Yu.
Published: October 2021

Macaroni products as a product of mass consumption can serve as an object for enriching the human body with useful components by using non-traditional raw materials. The authors propose an innovative technology for the production of macaroni products made of a mixture of wheat and emmer wheat flour with the addition of wheat bran as a source of dietary fibers, which makes it possible to give functionality to the products and at the same time improve their quality.
Development and research of seeding devices for selected self-propelled pneumatic seeder
Authors: Kryuchin Nikolay Pavlovich , Kotov Dmitry Nikolaevich , Andreev Alexander Nikolaevich , Artamonova Olga Alexandrovna
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes the use of a self-propelled pneumatic mini-seeder with replaceable mechanical seeding devices for selection production conditions. As a result of the research carried out, operating high-tech designs of seeding devices with a continuous dosing principle of auger and torsion-pin types have been designed and manufactured. The sowing devices allow sowing loose and difficult-to-flow seeds when used as dispensers on a self-propelled pneumatic mini-seeder for sowing herbs in breeding production. The developed seeding devices will significantly reduce the range of seeders and expand the range of sown seeds of various agricultural plants with one brand of seeding machine.
Analysis of the influence of transgenic kalanchoe extract with cecropin P1 on the state of a non-infected wound in rats
Authors: Belous Alexandr , Trubnikova Elena , Kljavs Yuri
Published: October 2021

In this article data on the analysis of the effect of transgenic Kalanchoe pinnate extract with cecropin P1 on the state of uninfected wounds in rats are presented. The study used Wistar rats weighing 220 ± 20 g. A wound of 20 × 20 mm was modeled under anesthesia in sterile conditions. The wound was treated during 14 days with the 3% hydrogen peroxide solution in all experimental groups. Additional treatment with the 10% cefazolin solution was used in group No. 2; with Kalanchoe juice it was used in group No. 3, and with transgenic Kalanchoe extract cecropin P1 it was used in group No. 4. The effectiveness of the treatment of the wound process was evaluated by the external state of the wound and planimetry indicators. It was found that all analyzed parameters of the experimental groups were better than in the control group of animals. However, the effect was most pronounced in the group treated by transgenic Kalanchoe extract with cecropin P1, The results of the study allow us to recommend further preclinical study of the substance for the possible treatment of trophic ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Comparative assessment of cucumber hybrids of semko-junior company by yield in the taiga zone of Omsk region
Authors: Krasovskaya Alyona , Krasovskaya Maria , Kumpan Vladimir , Kling Anna
Published: October 2021

Comparative assessment of cucumber hybrids of a Semko-Junior farm firm located in a taiga zone of Omsk Region showed that on average over 2 years the cucumber hybrids – F1 Otello and F1 Lastochka – which button stage was noted 2 days earlier in comparison with ultra-early F1 Tviksi and 1 day earlier in comparison with the control sample, were the most early-ripening variety. The longest period of “seedling-button stage” – 46 days – was characteristic of the hybrids F1 Semkross and F1 Kaskader. F1 Otello hybrid gave the highest total (7.53 kg/m2) and commercial yield (7.10 kg/m2), as well as early products yield. On average over 2 years the highest percentage of commercial yield – 93.9 was obtained with F1 Otello hybrid, the lowest – 84.6 – with F1 Semkross hybrid. In 2016, the highest yield – 60.5% of the total amount was harvested with regard to F1 Otello by August 9, more than 50% of the total yield was obtained from F1 Orlenok and F1 Lastochka, which also indicates their early ripening. In 2017, fruiting was later due to weather conditions, and by August 21 F1 Otello gave more than 50% of the yield, which confirmed its early ripening. The highest tasting assessment of buttons in fresh form was obtained for F1 Lastochka and F1 Otello. In the conditions of the taiga zone of Omsk Region, cucumber hybrids of the Semko-Junior farm firm – F1 Otello, as well as F1 Lastochka, which are distinguished by high yields and flavors, are recommended for vegetable growers to ensure early production and high yield.
Impact of huminatrin on barley yield and quality in subtain zone of the Omsk region
Authors: Krasovskaya Alyona , Veremey Tatyana , Kudryavtseva Natalia , Zakharchenko Sergey
Published: October 2021

The study of the impact of huminatrin on the yield and quality of barley grain in the subtaiga zone of the Omsk region on gray forest soils in 2019-2020 showed that the treatment of seeds and feeding of barley during the growing season with the fertilizer “Guminatrin” significantly increased the yield and protein content in the grain. The combination of increased productive tillering, the number of grains in a spikelet and the mass of 1,000 seeds contributed to the formation of the highest yield in the variants with seed treatment and fertilizing during the growing season with fertilizers “Universal huminatrin” with a high content of zinc and “Universal huminatrin” with an amino acid. The highest yield on average for 2 years of research equal to 5.08 t/ha was achieved by the use of the universal huminatrin fertilizer with high zinc content. Treatment of seeds and plants of barley during the growing season with huminatrin increased not only the yield but also the quality of the grain, specifically, the increased protein content.
The effectiveness of technological methods for the cultivation of oil flax
Authors: Karpova Maria , Roznina Nina , Paliy Dmitriy , Poverenova Elena , Borovinskikh Valentina
Published: October 2021

Oilseeds and products of their processing, both for the individual and for the entire economy of the country, are of great importance. This is also due to the fact that in recent years there has been an increase in interest in the production of oilseeds due to the high demand for oilseeds and products of their processing on the world and Russian markets. Oil flax provides a high-quality technical oil used in the paint and varnish and leather and footwear industries for the production of paints, varnishes, putties, soaps, oilcloths, waterproof fabrics, linoleum and rubber substitutes. It is also used in metalworking, electrical engineering and other industries. Flax is an environmentally friendly culture. When cultivating it, a minimum amount of chemical protection and fertilizers is required. Flax crops free the earth from heavy metals and radionuclides. Flax seeds obtained from contaminated land do not even show any trace of radiation. In the last three years, a kind of oil flax boom has been observed in Russia. The high demand for products made from it makes it very profitable to grow, which explains the annual growth of the cultivated area.The article provides an economic substantiation of the project for organizing the cultivation of oil flax. With the help of technological maps, the costs of production are calculated.
Prospects for Improving the Technology of Post-harvest Grain and Seed Processing and Technical Means to Implement it
Authors: Orobinsky Vladimir I. , Gievsky Alexey M. , Gulevsky Vyacheslav A.
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the data of long-term research on the composition of harvested mass coming for post-harvest processing from grain harvesters, outlines possible ways to improve the technology of postharvest grain and seed processing. It proposes a number of engineering solutions and describes grain separators for sorting and grading all types of grain. A secondary aspiration channel with a double grain cleaning capacity and an installed pendulum valve was developed, providing high-quality cleaning of grain heaps in all types of processing and increases the sorting of biologically defective grain up to 20 %. Some solutions are proposed to reduce air and energy consumption by 20–30 % by mounting a sieve boot onto a corrugated elastic pneumatic cylinder and sequential use of air flow in a fractional separator for secondary cleaning of seeds, as well as a fundamentally new scheme of machines servicing air.
Resource-Saving Methods for Growing Rice in the Krasnodar Territory
Authors: Prikhodko Igor , Vladimirov Stanislav , Alexandrov Daniil
Published: October 2021

The world practice of rice cultivation has shown that rice cultivation by traditional methods for Russia is labor-intensive, resource-intensive, ineffective with low profitability, and often unprofitable production. As a result, traditional methods of flooding rice paddies in Russia are faced with a shortage and high cost of irrigation water and a reduction in rice irrigation systems, i.e., areas suitable for rice cultivation. For solving the problem of unprofitable rice production, an analysis of the world practice of rice production has been implemented. The analysis showed that the most optimal solution for the natural and climatic conditions of the Krasnodar Territory is the cultivation of rice using sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. Further analysis showed that drip irrigation is the most promising way of growing rice, which has many undeniable advantages. The main advantages of drip irrigation are the low irrigation rate, labor intensity, and energy intensity of rice production. Therefore, the article proposes a pioneering Russian ridge cultivation method for rice cultivation on the lands of the irrigated rice fund with drip irrigation under plastic and/or biodegradable perforated film. This method will make it possible to radically revise the principles of rice cultivation, form a new generation of rice crop rotations with the inclusion of melons and vegetables in them, and carry out rice production on previously rainfed lands. The implementation of the method has proven the effectiveness and feasibility of our research.
Study of the Biological Properties of New Smart Packaging Materials for Use in Agricultural Industries
Authors: Rysmukhambetova Gulsara , Beloglazova Christina , Frolov Vladimir , Karpunina Lydia
Published: October 2021

The paper studies the biological properties of film coatings created on the basis of polysaccharides (xanthan and carboxymethylcellulose) for use in various branches of the agro-industrial complex. It was found that samples of these film coatings completely decomposed in the soil in 7 days, and did in the aquatic environment in an average of 3.5 h. The effect of these film coatings on the organism of laboratory animals (rats) was studied by adding them to animal feed (experimental group). During the experiment, no deviations in behavior were noted in the experimental group of rats; no death in both the control and experimental groups of animals occurred. The studied film coating had no negative effect on the large intestine microbiocenosis and the animals’ weight. It was shown that the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in the experimental group was 3 times less than in the control one, and the number of lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus was 3.3 times higher than in the control group. The results obtained indicate the biological safety of the use of the studied film coatings.
Efficiency of Using Natural Zeolites in Cultivation of African Catfish
Authors: Shlenkina Tatiana , Romanova Elena , Romanov Vasily , Lyubomirova Vaselina
Published: October 2021

The article represents the results of studies in zeolite use in fish feeding. The influence of zeolites on the exterior and interior characteristics of African catfish grown in high-technological industrial aquaculture was evaluated. Zeolites were introduced into fish feed in the amount of 3 % and 5 %. The use of zeolites in feeding of African catfish has had a positive impact on the growth, exterior and interior indicators of fish. In five-month-old catfish, when using zeolites, the average daily growth increased by 4.15 g (with 3 % addition of zeolites) and by 4.68 g (with 5 % addition of zeolites), compared to fish that did not receive zeolites. In the experimental groups, there was also an increase in absolute growth by 124.4 g-with 3 % addition of zeolites and 140.2 g-with 5 % addition of zeolites. The commercial weight of fish using zeolites increased by 24.05 % and 35.52 %, respectively. The results show that when growing commercial fish, the use of zeolites in the feed composition fastens its growth and significantly reduces feed costs. 1
The Ratio of Management Forms in the Agrarian Economy
Authors: Sitdikova Landysh , Mukhametgalieva Farida , Mukhametgaliev Farit , Battalova Alina
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the article topic is due to the need to study the features of the existing structure of the rural economy, the ratio of forms of management of the agrarian business in the context of modern external and internal challenges of the socio-economic environment. The purpose of the article is to develop recommendations for improving the efficiency of rural entrepreneurship based on an analysis of the current situation and identifying the features of the development of forms of management of subjects of agricultural business. The article highlights the results of the analysis of the peculiarities of the development of certain forms of management of agricultural production. It has been established that in modern conditions of the implementation of the program for sustainable development of rural areas and import substitution of food products, the diversity of the rural economy is an objective necessity. Each of the forms of management has its own characteristics of functioning and, under certain conditions, is capable of ensuring the efficiency of activities. Half of agricultural products are produced by small forms of farming, which have a strong impact on volume indicators and are characterized by instability of growth depending on demand and price fluctuations in the market. It is proposed to provide the necessary conditions for combining successful economic activities of different organizational and legal forms of management in rural areas: personal subsidiary plots and peasant (farmer) households, cooperative formations, large forms of organization of agricultural business.
Disclosure of the Mechanisms of Metabolic Disorders in Highly Productive Cows as a Way to Improve Milk Production Technology
Authors: Skachkov Dmitry , Konvay Vladimir , Zabolotnykh Mikhail , Kornienko Ekaterina
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to study the molecular mechanisms of metabolic disorders that develop in highly productive cows. It was found that in the blood serum of animals with subclinical ketosis (SCK), which are in the eighth month of pregnancy, the concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate is increased, the content of iron, calcium and phosphorus is reduced, its iron-binding capacity against the background of the absence of phenomena of hepatocellular insufficiency, violation of the integrity of hepatocytes, hypoplastic anemia. The aggravation of ketoacidosis in fresh cows with rumen acidosis is facilitated by the development of carbohydrate deficiency in them, due to their increased oxidation in the reactions of anaerobic glycolysis, accompanied by excessive catabolism of purine mononucleotides to uric acid. Excessive lipid peroxidation of membrane structures under conditions of increased catabolism of purine nucleotides, along with the accumulation of acylglycerols in the liver caused by cobalamin deficiency, leads to the development of syndromes of impaired hepatocyte integrity and hepatocellular insufficiency. A decrease in the liver's ability to store iron ions and synthesize proteins that provide an increase in the iron-binding capacity of blood plasma in conditions of cobalamin deficiency contributes to the development of hypoplastic anemia not only in cows, but also in calves born from them.
Phenotypic features of black and red dairy cattle populations in the Siberian region
Authors: Trotsenko Irina , Ivanova Irina , Yurchenko Elena
Published: October 2021

The surveys have identified features of the exterior for 742 breeding cows of black-motley and red steppe breed in the Omsk region conditions. It was found that black motley cows are larger than peers of the red steppe breed are; these differences are 4.7 cm in height at the withers, 8.3 cm - in chest circumference, 1.4 cm and 5.6 cm - in width at the shoulders and ischial tubercles respectively. The studying animals received 83–84 points for the general type of development, which corresponds to the assessment “B+”. The average daily milk yield of black motley cows was 24.1 kg with an average milk flow rate of 2.24 kg / min. Red steppe cows' average daily milk yield is lower by 2.0 kg and it is about 22.1 kg, the milk flow rate is lower by 0.36 kg / min than for cows of the black motley breed. Phenotypic features of the two cows’ dairy cattle populations of the Siberian region characterize it like animals with the correct exterior, severe forms of milk and able to exhibit a high milk productivity in the conditions of modern milk production technologies. Phenotypic exterior evaluation of the broodstock reveals all the necessary provisions for potentially high-yielding offspring.
Structural changes in the agricultural sector
Authors: Tyapkina Maria , Samaruha Viktor , Ilina Elena , Mongush Yulia
Published: October 2021

The article aims to describe structural changes in the agrarian sector of Irkutsk region caused by the government support for small businesses, simplified procedures for farm registering, accounting for property and production results, and taxation, which contributed to the development of peasant farming. The government support is required, but it can change the structure of areas and gross grain crops since peasant farms increase quantitative indicators rather than improve quality parameters (yield, productivity). This is especially true for the animal husbandry sector. With changes in government policies and decreasing government support, it will be difficult for individual farms to exist, since they lag behind collective farms in terms of maneuverability, financial capabilities, production and credit resources, which can cause new structural changes in a benefit for agricultural holdings. The government policy aimed at preserving the traditional way of life of the rural population should stimulate both the development of rural areas and agricultural production, and prevent the disintegration of collective farms that have competitive advantages
The justification of interaction of fruits with the rolling-in device of a combine-harvester for harvesting cucurbit crops
Authors: Ulyanov Maxim , Ceplyaev Vitaly , Shaprov Michael , Ayugin Nikolay
Published: October 2021

The role of cucurbit crops in the life of man has been studied and presented. The process of interaction between the rolling-in device of a combine-harvester and a fruit, as well as the process of hitting water-melons into different surfaces, have been considered. The diagram of the distribution of velocities when the rolling-in device interacts with a fruit, as well as the area of expansion of plastic deformation as a result of the impact of a fruit, have been presented. The equation of work, which arises when a fruit hits into the rolling-in device, has been considered, the work being decomposed into plastic work of deformation and elastic work of deformation. The work of plastic deformation, which arises when fruits come into collision with a surface, is considered in more detail, the work being decomposed into plastic work of deformation in the volume, which is limited by a spherical segment and a cone. The absolute and allowable velocities after the impact have been theoretically determined and substantiated. The parameters of allowable velocities for the varieties "Crimson sweet" and "Kholodok" have been theoretically found and the confirmation of the theoretical analysis was carried out in experimental research, which was conducted on a laboratory installation for determining the critical speed of impact on fruits of cucurbit crops. The comparison of the theoretical and experimental values of the terminal velocities confirms the credibility of the research.
Harnessing the Electronic Health Record to Actively Support Providers with Guideline-Directed Telemetry Use
Authors: Narayanan Maya , Starks Helene , Tanenbaum Eric , Robinson Ellen , Sutton Paul R. , Schleyer Anneliese M.
Published: October 2021

Background Overuse of cardiac telemetry monitoring (telemetry) can lead to alarm fatigue, discomfort for patients, and unnecessary medical costs. Currently there are evidence-based recommendations describing appropriate telemetry use, but many providers are unaware of these guidelines.

Objectives At our multihospital health system, our goal was to support providers in ordering telemetry on acute care in accordance with evidence-based guidelines and discontinuing telemetry when it was no longer medically indicated.

Methods We implemented a multipronged electronic health record (EHR) intervention at two academic medical centers, including: (1) an order set requiring providers to choose an indication for telemetry with a recommended duration based on American Heart Association guidelines; (2) an EHR-generated reminder page to the primary provider recommending telemetry discontinuation once the guideline-recommended duration for telemetry is exceeded; and (3) documentation of telemetry interpretation by telemetry technicians in the notes section of the EHR. To determine the impact of the intervention, we compared number of telemetry orders actively discontinued prior to discharge and telemetry duration 1 year pre- to 1 year post-intervention on acute care medicine services. We evaluated sustainability at years 2 and 3.

Results Implementation of the EHR initiative resulted in a statistically significant increase in active discontinuation of telemetry orders prior to discharge: 15% (63.4–78.7%) at one site and 13% at the other (64.1–77.4%) with greater improvements on resident teams. Fewer acute care medicine telemetry orders were placed on medicine services across the system (1,503–1,305) despite an increase in admissions and the average duration of telemetry decreased at both sites (62 to 47 hours, p < 0.001 and 73 to 60, p < 0.001, respectively). Improvements were sustained 2 and 3 years after intervention.

Conclusion Our study showed that a low-cost, multipart, EHR-based intervention with active provider engagement and no additional education can decrease telemetry usage on acute care medicine services.
Uterine Isthmocele—A Frequently Overlooked Complication of Cesarean Sections
Authors: Rupa R. , Kushvaha Suchana , Venkatesh K.
Published: October 2021

Uterine isthmocele or uterine niche is a late complication of cesarean deliveries and causes chronic pelvic pain, menorrhagia or postmenstrual spotting, and infertility. As the number of cesarean sections are constantly increasing, it is important to be aware of this entity so as to make an early diagnosis. This would enable the clinicians to manage these patients efficiently. We present three patients of uterine isthmocele who were evaluated and managed at our institution.
Prognostic Significance of EMVI in Rectal Cancer in a Tertiary Cancer Hospital in India
Authors: Pangarkar Sayali Y. , Baheti Akshay D. , Mistry Kunal A. , Choudhari Amit J. , Patil Vasundhara R. , Ahuja Ankita , Katdare Aparna N. , Patil Akshay B. , Ostwal Vikas S. , Ramadwar Mukta R. , Engineer Reena Z. , Saklani Avanish P.
Published: October 2021

Background Presence of extramural venous invasion (EMVI) is a poor prognostic factor for rectal cancer as per literature. However, India-specific data are lacking.

Aim The aim of the study is to determine the prognostic significance of EMVI in locally advanced rectal cancer on baseline MRI.

Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 117 MRIs of operable non-metastatic locally advanced rectal cancers in a tertiary cancer institute. Three dedicated oncoradiologists determined presence or absence of EMVI, and its length and thickness, in consensus. These patients were treated as per standard institutional protocols and followed up for a median period of 37 months (range: 2–71 months). Kaplan-Meier curves (95% CI) were used to determine disease-free survival (DFS), distant-metastases free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS). Univariate analysis was performed by comparing groups with log-rank test.

Results EMVI positive cases were 34/114 (29%). More EMVI-positive cases developed distant metastasis compared with EMVI-negative cases (14/34–41% vs. 22/83–26%). The difference, however, was not statistically significant (p = 0.146). After excluding signet-ring cell cancers (n = 14), EMVI showed significant correlation with DMFS (p = 0.046), but not with DFS or OS. The median thickness and length of EMVI was 6 and 14 mm, respectively in patients who developed distant metastasis, as compared with 5 and 11 mm in those who did not, although this difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion EMVI is a predictor of distant metastasis in locally advanced non-metastatic, non-signet ring cell rectal cancers. EMVI can be considered another high-risk feature to predict distant metastasis.
Safe Free Tissue Transfer in Patients Older than 90 Years
Authors: Hohman Marc H. , Vincent Aurora G. , Enzi Abdul R. , Ducic Yadranko
Published: October 2021

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the safety of microvascular free tissue transfer in the elderly patient population.

Methods We performed a 20-year retrospective review at a tertiary care private practice of patients of ≥ 90 years of age who underwent microvascular free tissue transfer and had at least 6 months of follow-up. Similarly, we reviewed patients aged 70 to 89 years who underwent free tissue transfer between 2018 and 2020 as a control group. Records were examined for type of flap, defect site, pathology, and occurrence of complications.

Results Overall 77 patients of 90 years or older met the inclusion criteria and 77 sequential patients aged 70 to 89 years were identified to serve as a control group. The overall complication rate among patients of ≥ 90 years of age was 18%, with flap-related complications in 4% (two partial flap loss and one total loss). The mortality rate was 1.3%. All patients of ≥ 90 years of age undergoing osteocutaneous reconstruction for osteoradionecrosis experienced complications, but only one was a flap complication (partial loss). Among patients aged 70 to 89 years, the overall complication rate was also 18%, with flap-related complications in 4% (two complete flap failures and one partial loss). The mortality rate in the control group was 2.6%.

Conclusion Soft tissue free flaps are a safe option in the elderly patient population and should be offered to patients who are medically optimized prior to surgery, regardless of age. Osteocutaneous reconstruction for osteoradionecrosis must be undertaken with caution. This study reflects level of evidence 4.
Visual Outcome of Combined Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty and Sutured Scleral Fixated Intraocular Lens in Endothelial Decompensation with Coexistent Aphakia or Intra Ocular Lens Subluxation
Authors: Kaushik Jaya , Singh Ankita , Shetty Rakesh , Parihar Jitendra Kumar Singh , Kochhar Divya , Singhal Aanchal
Published: October 2021

Purpose

To elucidate visual outcome of patients after combined Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) with scleral fixated intra ocular lens (SFIOL) implantation in patients of endothelial decompensation with coexistent aphakia or lens subluxation.

Materials and Methods

A prospective interventional study of combined DSEK with sutured SFIOL in the patients who have undergone surgery at our center over 6-month follow-up period. Preoperative visual acuity and slit lamp findings were documented. Postoperative follow-up was done at days 1, 3, and 7 subsequently, months 1 and 3, and thereafter monthly till the sixth month.

Results

Mean age of the patients was 60.47 years. Six patients had aphakic bullous keratopathy, while 11 patients had pseudophakic bullous keratopathy with subluxated posterior chamber IOL (PCIOL). Preoperative visual acuity ranged from hand movements close to face (LogMar 2.4) with accurate projection of rays to 1/60 (LogMar 2) due to existing corneal edema and aphakia. Postoperatively uncorrected visual acuity at 6 months improved up to 6/36 (LogMar 0.8) in all cases. There was gradual improvement in corneal clarity and compactness during the follow-up. A good donor tissue endothelial count and an adequate IOP control were vital prognostic factors for the successful outcome.

Conclusion

This novel surgical merger reduces the complications of lenticule dislocation into vitreous and repeated surgeries and shows results akin to when performed in a staged manner.
Umstrukturierung des Gesundheitssystems: Eine Frage der Perspektive
Authors: Hohnstein Aileen
Published: October 2021

Das deutsche Gesundheitswesen ist teuer und nicht nachhaltig. Kann ein patientenzentrierter Ansatz ein Ausweg sein? Das Konzept Value-based Healthcare soll das bestmögliche Ergebnis für die Patientinnen und Patienten bei niedrigen Kosten ermöglichen. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der aktuellen Lage.
Messenger im Gesundheitswesen: WhatsApp-Alternative für Ärzte
Authors: Stepan Tobias
Published: October 2021

Der schnelle und einfache Informationsaustausch über eine Messenger-App ermöglicht eine optimale Versorgung der Patienten und entlastet das Klinikpersonal. Acht Anwendungsszenarien veranschaulichen das Potenzial dieser Technik.
Experimental investigation of factors affecting two-stage thermoelectric generator integrated with phase change materials
Authors: Sui Xiaomei , Huang Shenghui , Xu Daochun , Li Wenbin , Zhao Zhangrong
Published: October 2021

In light of limitations in the performance of thermoelectric materials, this study proposes a two-stage thermoelectric generator (TEG) system integrated with phase change materials (PCMs). Three sets of experiments were designed to investigate the factors influencing the proposed TEG-PCM system. Two of them examined the effects of different heat sink configurations on the heat generated with and without paraffin wax as the PCM. The third experiment investigated the thermoelectric performance of the proposed system using a single-cavity heat sink with different PCMs. The results show that the heat source had a greater influence on the performance of the system than the thermal resistance of the heat sink. The PCM reduced the second-stage voltage, but it lasted for a long time. The configuration of the heat sink had a greater influence on the second-stage voltage (U2) than the first-stage voltage (U1). Although the mean value of U1 for the four-cavity configuration without PCM was slightly larger than that of the single-cavity configuration by 10 mV, the maximum value of U2 for the latter was larger than that of the former by 60 mV. The single-cavity configuration is thus more suitable for the two-stage TEG system. Under a 10 W power supply, the properties of different PCMs significantly influenced the duration of voltage in each stage while U1 was maintained at 600 mV. The results show that the factors considered here influenced the performance of the two-stage TEG-PCM system in the order of heat source > thermal resistance of the heat sink > type of PCM.