bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Fatigue and Emotional Labor on Sleep Quality among Apartment Security Guards
Authors: Kim Chul-Gyu , Jeong Sujeong , Ryu Young Mi , Park Seungmi , Moon Kyoungmi , Kwon Yunjung , Park Sun-A , Park Hye Ok
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of fatigue and emotional labor on the quality of sleep among apartment security guards. Methods: A total of 196 apartment security guards working in 10 different regions participated in the study between July and October 2022, completing questionnaire assessing fatigue (physical imbalance, exhaustion, mental fatigue, and nervous system disfunction), emotional labor, and sleep quality. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA including Scheffe’s post hoc, and regression analysis. Results: 183(93.4%) participants were poor sleeper. Regression analysis of the factors influencing sleep quality yielded a significant model (F= 21.56, p<.001) with an explanatory power of 25.0% in the order of fatigue(exhaustion) (β=.28, p<.001), emotional labor (β=.27, p<.001), and subjective economic status (β=.15, p=.017). Conclusion: It is essential to develop nursing educational programs that reduce exhaustion and emotional labor for improving the quality of sleep.
AI vs. Human Buyers: A Study of Alibaba’s Inventory Replenishment System
Authors: Liu Jiaxi , Lin Shuyi , Xin Linwei , Zhang Yidong
Published: September 2023

Inventory management is one of the most important components of Alibaba’s business. Traditionally, human buyers make replenishment decisions: although artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms make recommendations, human buyers can choose to ignore these recommendations and make their own decisions. The company has been exploring a new replenishment system in which algorithmic recommendations are final. The algorithms combine state-of-the-art deep reinforcement learning techniques with the framework of fictitious play. By learning the supplier’s behavior, we are able to address the important issues of lead time and fill rate on order quantity, which have been ignored in the extant literature of stochastic inventory control. We present evidence that our algorithms outperform human buyers in terms of reducing out-of-stock rates and inventory levels. More interestingly, we have seen additional benefits amid the pandemic. Over the last two years, cities in China partially and intermittently locked down to mitigate COVID-19 outbreaks. We have observed panic buying from human buyers during lockdowns, leading to the bullwhip effect. By contrast, panic buying and the bullwhip effect can be mitigated using our algorithms due to their ability to recognize changes in the supplier’s behavior during lockdowns.

History: This paper has been accepted for the INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics Special Issue—2022 Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in the Practice of Advanced Analytics and Operations Research.
Unpaired intra-operative OCT (iOCT) video super-resolution with contrastive learning
Authors: Komninos Charalampos , Pissas Theodoros , Flores Blanca , Bloch Edward , Vercauteren Tom , Ourselin Sébastien , Da Cruz Lyndon , Bergeles Christos
Published: September 2023

Regenerative therapies show promise in reversing sight loss caused by degenerative eye diseases. Their precise subretinal delivery can be facilitated by robotic systems alongside with Intra-operative Optical Coherence Tomography (iOCT). However, iOCT’s real-time retinal layer information is compromised by inferior image quality. To address this limitation, we introduce an unpaired video super-resolution methodology for iOCT quality enhancement. A recurrent network is proposed to leverage temporal information from iOCT sequences, and spatial information from pre-operatively acquired OCT images. Additionally, a patchwise contrastive loss enables unpaired super-resolution. Extensive quantitative analysis demonstrates that our approach outperforms existing state-of-the-art iOCT super-resolution models. Furthermore, ablation studies showcase the importance of temporal aggregation and contrastive loss in elevating iOCT quality. A qualitative study involving expert clinicians also confirms this improvement. The comprehensive evaluation demonstrates our method’s potential to enhance the iOCT image quality, thereby facilitating successful guidance for regenerative therapies.
Mathematical uniqueness of multimode ptychographic imaging
Authors: Wu Liqing , Xu Yingming , Tao Hua , Chang Chengcheng , He Xiaoliang , Liu Cheng , Zhu Jianqiang
Published: September 2023

By writing diffracted intensities as a set of linear equations with the self-correlation of sample’s Fourier components as unknown terms and the self-correlation of illumination’s Fourier components as coefficients, it was found that the number of unknown terms to be determined is much larger in partially coherent PIE than that in purely coherent PIE. When a partially coherent illumination composed of N modes was applied a unique reconstruction can be determined by scanning the sample to at least 4N positions and recording 4N frames of diffraction patterns. While mathematically illustrating the physical mechanism of multimode ptychography and numerically demonstrating its capability in generating unique reconstruction under partially coherent illumination, this study showed for the first time that multimode ptychography could be an analytic imaging method.
Imaging quality characterization and optimization of segmented planar imaging system based on honeycomb dense azimuth sampling lens array
Authors: Zhao Zhenshun , Yuan Ying , Zhang Chao , Wang Xiaorui , Gao Weiping
Published: September 2023

Segmented planar photoelectric imaging is an advanced computational imaging technology that utilizes photonic integrated circuits (PICs) to achieve the miniaturization of imaging systems. The original radial-spoke lens array has dense radial sampling and coarse azimuthal sampling. The sparsity and inhomogeneity of spatial frequency sampling lead to the loss of spatial frequency information and blurred reconstructed images. In this paper, a honeycomb dense azimuth sampling lens array is proposed, and three baseline pairing methods are designed, which can realize dense azimuth sampling, effectively increase spatial frequency sampling and improve the imaging quality. The signal transmission model of the segmented planar imaging system is established and the imaging process is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the honeycomb lens array improves the azimuth sampling density and spatial frequency coverage, and its imaging quality is significantly improved compared with the hexagonal lens array and the radial-spoke lens array. Furthermore, the optimal choice of the baseline pairing method and the error range of the fill factor and are also given in this paper. The results indicate that the mixed pairing method first ensures low and medium-frequency dense sampling, and then increases high-frequency sampling, which makes the imaging results better than those of the other two baseline pairing methods in terms of image contour, contrast and image detail information. The sampling density of the spatial frequency and the imaging quality can be improved by increasing the fill factor. In the actual manufacturing process, the allowable error range of the fill factor of the lens array is within 5%. The research results will provide theoretical support for the design and development of segmented planar imaging system.
Bidynamical all-optical reservoir computing for parallel task processing
Authors: Fang Nian , Qian RuoLan , Wang Shuai
Published: September 2023

A bidynamical all-optical reservoir computing (RC) system for parallel task processing is proposed based on a unidirectional semiconductor optical amplifier optical fiber loop. The polarization dynamics and intensity dynamics are excited by the input signals injected into the reservoir via phase modulation and intensity modulation, respectively. Simultaneous computation of two independent tasks is implemented based on the dynamical responses in polarization and intensity of the optical fiber loop. To our knowledge, this is the first time that two kinds of dynamical responses of an all-optical RC system are used as independent task processing channels to implement parallel task processing. The proposed RC system can achieve good parallel task processing performance with low system cost.
Direct prediction and compensation of atmospheric turbulence for free-space integer and fractional order OAM multiplexed transmission links
Authors: Wu Yuhang , Wang Andong , Zhu Long
Published: September 2023

Atmospheric turbulence has an adverse impact on orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam transmission, resulting in power fluctuations and mode crosstalk. These challenges are particularly pronounced in OAM multiplexing links. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a novel network architecture that integrates convolutional layers and residual structures to address the issue of turbulence phase compensation. By harnessing the local feature learning capability of convolutional layers and the information-preserving function of residual structures, we aim to mitigate the adverse effects of network depth on information loss. By employing the proposed network, we compensate the turbulence phase directly using the received intensity distributions for free space multiplexed integer and fractional order OAM links, respectively. The obtained results show that the received optical power can be improved for more than 10 dB for integer order OAM multiplexed FSO links under weak to strong turbulence conditions, while 9 dB for fractional-order OAM multiplexed FSO links. Moreover, mode crosstalk can be reduced for about 10 dB under 4 OAM modes multiplexed links under turbulence strength D/r0=5. The proposed deep learning based atmospheric turbulence compensation method can predict phase screens rapidly and accurately, thus enhancing the dependability of future OAM multiplexing technology.
Compact single-shot soft X-ray photon spectrometer for free-electron laser diagnostics
Authors: Larsen Kirk A. , Borne Kurtis , Obaid Razib , Kamalov Andrei , Liu Yusong , Cheng Xinxin , James Justin , Driver Taran , Li Kenan , Liu Yanwei , Sakdinawat Anne , David Christian , Wolf Thomas J. A. , Cryan James P. , Walter Peter , Lin Ming-Fu
Published: September 2023

The photon spectrum from free-electron laser (FEL) light sources offers valuable information in time-resolved experiments and machine optimization in the spectral and temporal domains. We have developed a compact single-shot photon spectrometer to diagnose soft X-ray spectra. The spectrometer consists of an array of off-axis Fresnel zone plates (FZP) that act as transmission-imaging gratings, a Ce:YAG scintillator, and a microscope objective to image the scintillation target onto a two-dimensional imaging detector. This spectrometer operates in segmented energy ranges which covers tens of electronvolts for each absorption edge associated with several atomic constituents: carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and neon. The spectrometer’s performance is demonstrated at a repetition rate of 120 Hz, but our detection scheme can be easily extended to 200 kHz spectral collection by employing a fast complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) line-scan camera to detect the light from the scintillator. This compact photon spectrometer provides an opportunity for monitoring the spectrum downstream of an endstation in a limited space environment with sub-electronvolt energy resolution.
Backscattering properties of randomly oriented hexagonal hollow columns for lidar application
Authors: Zhu Xuanhao , Wang Zhenzhu , Konoshonkin Alexander , Kustova Natalia , Shishko Victor , Timofeev Dmitry , Tkachev Ilia , Liu Dong
Published: September 2023

The study of the optical properties of cirrus clouds is necessary to improve the accuracy of interpreting data from space lidars and ground-based lidar networks. Existing databases of backscattering properties do not include data on hollow columns. In this paper, the backscattering properties of randomly oriented hollow column ice crystal particles in cirrus at wavelengths of 355 nm, 532 nm, and 1064 nm have been investigated. The backscattering cross section (M11), depolarization ratio (δ), lidar ratio (S), and color ratio (χ) of randomly oriented hollow columns with sizes ranging from 10–316.23 µm are calculated within the framework of the physical optical approximation (PO). For the first time, we introduce the concept of modal hollow columns (MHC) suitable for mid-latitude regions, which simplifies the description of hollow ice crystals in nature. It is found that when the mixing proportion of MHC and solid columns (SC) reaches 50%, the mixing ratio can be distinguished by the lidar ratio for a wavelength of 1064 nm and by the χ(1064,532)-δ(532) relation.
Intensity coupling characteristics of dual-longitudinal mode ring lasers with Ne dual-isotope
Authors: Liu Jianning , Guo Lanpeng , Weng Jun , Liu Wenxin , Yang Yuxuan , Zhao Kai , Zheng Yi
Published: September 2023

The intensity coupling characteristics of Ne dual-isotope inflation and dual-longitudinal-mode operation ring lasers were investigated based on the Lamb theory. Considering the contribution of the Ne isotope system to the polarization of the gain medium and gain saturation effects, the frequency coupling effects were analyzed. Combined with the plasma dispersion function, the optical cavity length is 0.47 m, Ne20: Ne22= 0.53:0.47; the frequency spacing of the adjacent longitudinal mode is 640 MHz, and the intensity tuning curve of the ring laser is simulated. The alterations in the gain self-saturation and mutual saturation coefficients between the four frequencies generated via dual-longitudinal mode splitting are comprehensively discussed. Finally, a detection experiment for the intensity-tuning curve is designed to verify the theoretical analysis.
Lab-on-a-chip optical biosensor platform: a micro-ring resonator integrated with a near-infrared Fourier transform spectrometer
Authors: Yoo Kyoung Min , Fan Kang-Chieh , Hlaing May , Jain Sourabh , Ning Shupeng , An Yue , Chen Ray T.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we demonstrated the design and experimental results of the near-infrared lab-on-a-chip optical biosensor platform that monolithically integrates the MRR and the on-chip spectrometer on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer, which can eliminate the external optical spectrum analyzer for scanning the wavelength spectrum. The symmetric add-drop MRR biosensor is designed to have a free spectral range (FSR) of ∼19 nm and a bulk sensitivity of ∼73 nm/RIU; then the drop-port output resonance peaks are reconstructed from the integrated spatial-heterodyne Fourier transform spectrometer (SHFTS) with the spectral resolution of ∼3.1 nm and the bandwidth of ∼50 nm, which results in the limit of detection of 0.042 RIU.
Sub-70 nm surface structures on femtosecond laser irradiated GaAs in distilled water and sensing application
Authors: Akkanaboina Mangababu , Banerjee Dipanjan , Ravi Kumar Kanaka , Sai Prasad Goud R. , Soma Venugopal Rao , Nageswara Rao S. V. S.
Published: September 2023

This study reveals the possibility of distinct ablation mechanisms at different radial positions of the ablated track on GaAs when ablated with femtosecond pulses in distilled water. From the center to the edges of the ablated track, fascinating features such as micron-sized cones, nano-pores, and nano-ripple trenches (average size of 60–70 nm) were observed. The requirement for simulations incorporating the variations in a Gaussian beam fluence and dynamics of the melt flow/surrounding media is discussed. Deep-subwavelength structures, i.e., nano-ripple trenches with a ripple size of ∼λ/11 are achieved on the GaAs surface in this study. Further, these GaAs surface structures acted as excellent hybrid surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy platforms upon gold coating.
Tunable terahertz multi-functional hybrid-patterned metasurface arrays based on vanadium dioxide
Authors: Zhang Xue , Yan Shuzhan , Peng Shasha , Zeng Jiahao , Chen Shuyuan , Fang Yun
Published: September 2023

This study investigates a nine-layer multi-functional periodic array with active broadband tuning in the terahertz (THz) band. The device comprises symmetrical vanadium dioxide (VO2) films and polypropylene (PP) layers, along with silicon dioxide (SiO2) layers, hybrid-patterned metasurfaces, and a central VO2 layer. Through detailed analyses of the electric field distribution, equivalent circuit, and effective impedance, we have performed a thorough investigation of the resonance modes present in the device and meticulously optimized various parameters. Leveraging the insulator-to-metal transition of VO2, a remarkable device capable of seamlessly switching between extraordinary terahertz transmission and bi-directional perfect absorption was obtained. These characters exhibit limited susceptibility to incident angle of the incoming wave. By incorporating bow-tie apertures within the “vacuum region” of the hybrid-patterned metasurfaces, a significant improvement in field enhancement has been achieved, all while effectively eliminating any adverse effects on transmission and absorption performance. This device presents a novel and effective approach in the development of adjustable and multifunctional THz metasurface devices.
Microglia-secreted TNF-α affects differentiation efficiency and viability of pluripotent stem cell-derived human dopaminergic precursors
Authors: Wenker Shirley D. , Farias María Isabel , Gradaschi Victoria , Garcia Corina , Beauquis Juan , Leal María Celeste , Ferrari Carina , Zeng Xianmin , Pitossi Fernando J.
Published: September 2023

Parkinson’s Disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the progressive loss of dopaminergic cells of the substantia nigra pars compacta. Even though successful transplantation of dopamine-producing cells into the striatum exhibits favourable effects in animal models and clinical trials; transplanted cell survival is low. Since every transplant elicits an inflammatory response which can affect cell survival and differentiation, we aimed to study in vivo and in vitro the impact of the pro-inflammatory environment on human dopaminergic precursors. We first observed that transplanted human dopaminergic precursors into the striatum of immunosuppressed rats elicited an early and sustained activation of astroglial and microglial cells after 15 days’ post-transplant. This long-lasting response was associated with Tumour necrosis factor alpha expression in microglial cells. In vitro, conditioned media from activated BV2 microglial cells increased cell death, decreased Tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells and induced morphological alterations on human neural stem cells-derived dopaminergic precursors at two differentiation stages: 19 days and 28 days. Those effects were ameliorated by inhibition of Tumour necrosis factor alpha, a cytokine which was previously detected in vivo and in conditioned media from activated BV-2 cells. Our results suggest that a pro-inflammatory environment is sustained after transplantation under immunosuppression, providing a window of opportunity to modify this response to increase transplant survival and differentiation. In addition, our data show that the microglia-derived pro-inflammatory microenvironment has a negative impact on survival and differentiation of dopaminergic precursors. Finally, Tumour necrosis factor alpha plays a key role in these effects, suggesting that this cytokine could be an interesting target to increase the efficacy of human dopaminergic precursors transplantation in Parkinson’s Disease.
Adjuvant chemotherapy or no adjuvant chemotherapy? A prediction model for the risk stratification of recurrence or metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma combining MRI radiomics with clinical factors
Authors: Wu Qiaoyuan , Chang Yonghu , Yang Cheng , Liu Heng , Chen Fang , Dong Hui , Chen Cheng , Luo Qing
Published: September 2023

Background

Dose adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) should be offered in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients? Different guidelines provided the different recommendations.

Methods

In this retrospective study, a total of 140 patients were enrolled and followed for 3 years, with 24 clinical features being collected. The imaging features on the enhanced-MRI sequence were extracted by using PyRadiomics platform. The pearson correlation coefficient and the random forest was used to filter the features associated with recurrence or metastasis. A clinical-radiomics model (CRM) was constructed by the Cox multivariable analysis in training cohort, and was validated in validation cohort. All patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups through the median Rad-score of the model. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare the 3-year recurrence or metastasis free rate (RMFR) of patients with or without AC in high- and low-groups.

Results

In total, 960 imaging features were extracted. A CRM was constructed from nine features (seven imaging features and two clinical factors). In the training cohort, the area under curve (AUC) of CRM for 3-year RMFR was 0.872 (P <0.001), and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.935 and 0.672, respectively; In the validation cohort, the AUC was 0.864 (P <0.001), and the sensitivity and specificity were 1.00 and 0.75, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the 3-year RMFR and 3-year cancer specific survival (CSS) rate in the high-risk group were significantly lower than those in the low-risk group (P <0.001). In the high-risk group, patients who received AC had greater 3-year RMFR than those who did not receive AC (78.6% vs. 48.1%) (p = 0.03).

Conclusion

Considering increasing RMFR, a prediction model for NPC based on two clinical factors and seven imaging features suggested the AC needs to be added to patients in the high-risk group and not in the low-risk group.
Long Covid symptoms and diagnosis in primary care: A cohort study using structured and unstructured data in The Health Improvement Network primary care database
Authors: Shah Anoop D. , Subramanian Anuradhaa , Lewis Jadene , Dhalla Samir , Ford Elizabeth , Haroon Shamil , Kuan Valerie , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah
Published: September 2023

Background

Long Covid is a widely recognised consequence of COVID-19 infection, but little is known about the burden of symptoms that patients present with in primary care, as these are typically recorded only in free text clinical notes.

Aims

To compare symptoms in patients with and without a history of COVID-19, and investigate symptoms associated with a Long Covid diagnosis.

Methods

We used primary care electronic health record data until the end of December 2020 from The Health Improvement Network (THIN), a Cegedim database. We included adults registered with participating practices in England, Scotland or Wales. We extracted information about 89 symptoms and ‘Long Covid’ diagnoses from free text using natural language processing. We calculated hazard ratios (adjusted for age, sex, baseline medical conditions and prior symptoms) for each symptom from 12 weeks after the COVID-19 diagnosis.

Results

We compared 11,015 patients with confirmed COVID-19 and 18,098 unexposed controls. Only 20% of symptom records were coded, with 80% in free text. A wide range of symptoms were associated with COVID-19 at least 12 weeks post-infection, with strongest associations for fatigue (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 3.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.87, 4.17), shortness of breath (aHR 2.89, 95% CI 2.48, 3.36), palpitations (aHR 2.59, 95% CI 1.86, 3.60), and phlegm (aHR 2.43, 95% CI 1.65, 3.59). However, a limited subset of symptoms were recorded within 7 days prior to a Long Covid diagnosis in more than 20% of cases: shortness of breath, chest pain, pain, fatigue, cough, and anxiety / depression.

Conclusions

Numerous symptoms are reported to primary care at least 12 weeks after COVID-19 infection, but only a subset are commonly associated with a GP diagnosis of Long Covid.
Osteoprotegerin genetic polymorphisms and their influence on therapeutic response to ibandronate in postmenopausal osteoporotic females
Authors: Tariq Saba , Tariq Sundus , Abualhamael Shahad Abduljalil , Baig Mukhtiar , Malik Ahmad Azam , Shahzad Muhammad
Published: September 2023

Objectives

The present study investigated osteoprotegerin (OPG) genetic polymorphisms and their influence on the therapeutic response to ibandronate in postmenopausal osteoporotic females.

Methods

This case-control study included 135 postmenopausal females (89 osteoporotic females and 46 non-osteoporotic females). Each osteoporotic patient received a monthly 150 mg ibandronate tablet for six months, and blood samples were taken before and after treatment. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using DEXA Scan. Three SNPs (A163G, T245G, and G1181C) of the OPG gene were selected for analysis.

Results

Serum OPG levels were significantly lower in osteoporotic subjects than in the control group. The percentage changes in OPG levels in the osteoporotic group before and after treatment with ibandronate were significant (p < .001). After six months of therapy with ibandronate, the percentage changes in OPG levels with AA, TT, TC, GC, and GG genotypes were significant. Following six months of ibandronate treatment, the AA genotype of rs3134069, TT, TC genotypes of rs3102735, GG, and GC genotypes of rs2073618 SNP showed a significant increase in OPG levels. Age, BMI, and GC polymorphism (rs2073618 (G/C) G1181C) were inversely associated with low BMD. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) showed that BMI, GC, GG polymorphism (rs2073618 (G/C) G1181C) and TC polymorphism (rs3102735 (T/C) A163G) were inversely associated with low BMD.

Conclusion

The inverse association of rs2073618 and rs3102735 with low BMD indicates the protective role of these SNPs in our population. More research is needed to replicate these results in another cohort and to determine the molecular processes by which such SNPs may influence BMD.
Identification of the functional domain of the dense core vesicle biogenesis factor HID-1
Authors: Hummer Blake H. , Carter Theodore , Sellers Breanna L. , Triplett Jenna D. , Asensio Cedric S.
Published: September 2023

Large dense core vesicles (LDCVs) mediate the regulated release of neuropeptides and peptide hormones. HID-1 is a trans-Golgi network (TGN) localized peripheral membrane protein contributing to LDCV formation. There is no information about HID-1 structure or domain architecture, and thus it remains unknown how HID-1 binds to the TGN and performs its function. We report that the N-terminus of HID-1 mediates membrane binding through a myristoyl group with a polybasic amino acid patch but lacks specificity for the TGN. In addition, we show that the C-terminus serves as the functional domain. Indeed, this isolated domain, when tethered to the TGN, can rescue the neuroendocrine secretion and sorting defects observed in HID-1 KO cells. Finally, we report that a point mutation within that domain, identified in patients with endocrine and neurological deficits, leads to loss of function.
Examining comorbidities in children with diarrhea across four provinces of Mozambique: A cross-sectional study (2015 to 2019)
Authors: Bauhofer Adilson Fernando Loforte , Sambo Júlia , Chilaúle Jorfélia J. , Conjo Carolina , Munlela Benilde , Chissaque Assucênio , Isaías Telma , Djedje Marlene , de Deus Nilsa
Published: September 2023

Comorbidities are defined as the simultaneous occurrence of two or more diseases within the same individual. Comorbidities can delay a patient’s recovery and increase the costs of treatment. Assessing comorbidities can provide local health care policy-makers with evidence of the most common multi-health impairments in children. This could aid in redirecting and integrating care and treatment services by increasing health facilities the awareness and readiness of health facilities. The present analysis aims to determine the frequency and associated factors of comorbidities in children with diarrhea in Mozambique. A cross-sectional hospital-based analysis was conducted between January 2015 and December 2019 in children up to 59 months of age who were admitted with diarrhea in six reference hospitals in Mozambique. These hospitals are distributed across the country’s three regions, with at least one hospital in each province from each region. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and by reviewing the child clinical process. Descriptive statistics, and Mann-Whitney-U tests were used. Crude and adjusted logistics regression models were built. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Comorbidities were observed in 55.5% of patients (389/701; 95%CI: 51.8–59.1). Wasting was the most common comorbidity (30.2%; 212/701) and pneumonia was the least common (1.7%; 12/701). Children born with a low birth weight were 2.420 times more likely to have comorbidities, adjusted odds ratio: 2.420 (95% CI: 1.339–4374). The median (interquartile range) duration of hospitalization was significantly higher in children with comorbidities than without comorbidities, 5 days (3–7) and 4 days (3–6), respectively (p-value < 0.001). One in every two children with diarrhea in Mozambique has an additional health impairment, and this increases the length of their hospital stay.
Somewhere in the outer darkness: Locating the frontier (eco)gothic of Ambrose Bierce
Authors: Manning Paul
Published: September 2023

This article examines the pioneering American weird literature writer Ambrose Bierce (1842–1914) through the critical lens of the ecogothic, arguing that he resituates the gothic within the real or imagined landscapes of the American frontier, his ‘frontier gothic’ epitomized by the image of ‘the cabin in the woods’. In his writings, the frontier gothic becomes transitional boundary genre on the ‘frontier’ between the earlier gothic and later folk horror, where not just isolated cabins of lone prospectors, but whole rural communities find themselves in a similarly abject, ruinous moral condition. The liminal ‘frontier’ nature of the ecogothic is repeated in miniature in the specific way in which abandoned cabins in isolated gulches become ecogothic ‘day-old’ ruins, quite distinct from a gothic ruin in its lacking civilized boundaries between interior and exterior, culture and nature, epitomized by the image of ‘blank windows’ and doorless doorways.
What’s Hecuba to me? Personajes Míticos y Monólogos Dramáticos Contemporáneos para la Enseñanza Universitaria en Humanidades
Authors: Mariscal Lucía P. Romero , González Ramón Gutiérrez
Published: September 2023

Este libro reúne una serie de estudios sobre monólogos teatrales, o sobre textos literarios que se prestan a la dramatización y teatralización, pronunciados por personajes famosos del mito o inspirados en ellos. Cada capítulo está dedicado a una propuesta textual (y/o performativa) contemporánea, concreta y de utilidad para el currículo universitario de cualquier estudiante de grado o posgrado de disciplinas de Humanidades, como los Grados en Estudios Ingleses, Filología Hispánica, Filología Francesa, Filología Clásica, Humanidades, Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada, Estudios de Asia Oriental, o Estudios de Género, entre otros.
Eternity is Nothing but a Second
Authors: Silva Sofia Matos
Published: September 2023

In this reflection, Sofia Matos Silva explores various approaches to immortality in science fiction. Toying with the literal meanings of immortality, eternity and timelessness, theoretical physics is used to acknowledge that, at some point on the universe's trajectory (an unfathomable number of years in the future) even matter itself will not be a possibility. Regardless of whether humanity manages to prolong its organic life by slowing senescence or finds a way to transfer itself to a digital counterpart, this is a deep time game. Just short of falling on gloomy or nihilistic thinking, the present reflection aims to provide an alternative to humanity's obsession with eternity as a life purpose by showing how our existence as a species is a wonder in itself and should be lived (and honoured) as such.
Der Antigonistische Konflikt
Authors: Llanque Marcus , Sarkowsky Katja
Published: September 2023

Sophokles' Antigone gehört zu den meistbearbeiteten Stoffen der Antike. Aber was macht sie so kultur- und zeitübergreifend anschlussfähig? Marcus Llanque und Katja Sarkowsky führen dies auf eine spezifische Konfliktstruktur zurück, die sie mit dem Begriff des »antigonistischen Konflikts« fassen. Sie untersuchen, wie Literatur und Politische Theorie seit ca. 1990 das jeweilige Prononcieren der unterschiedlichen Konfliktlinien Antigones als produktive Linse nutzen, um politische und gesellschaftliche Konflikte im Kontext multikultureller Demokratien auszuhandeln und die Grenzen unseres demokratischen Selbstverständnisses auszuloten.
Kuratierte Öffentlichkeit
Authors: Montanari Johanna
Published: September 2023

Öffentlichkeit ist der zentrale Begriff in Diskussionen über Demokratie und politische Partizipation. Johanna Montanari erweitert den Öffentlichkeitsbegriff postkolonial, indem sie den globalen Süden nicht als defizitären Raum »nachholender Modernisierung« beschreibt, sondern die Anstrengungen um die Herstellung von Öffentlichkeit unter eingeschränkt demokratischen Bedingungen ernst nimmt. Anhand der journalistischen Praxis einer englischsprachigen Tageszeitung in Jordanien zeigt sie, dass Öffentlichkeit immer kuratiert wird und sich universal verstandene Versprechen der Moderne lokal aneignet. Ihre Ergebnisse fordern zur Reflexion der Auslassungen westlicher Diskurse auf.
The Contribution of Intensive and Extensive Factors to Labor Productivity Dynamics in the Russian Far East
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Kim Andrey
Published: September 2023

The growth rate of labor productivity is the most significant indicator of the standard of living and income of the population. In this regard, the question of the factors of economic growth is relevant. In this study, estimates of the contribution from economic efficiency (intensive factors) and the production factors’ growth rate (extensive factors) to the dynamics of the labor productivity for the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District in the period 2002–2020 were obtained. Due to the structural heterogeneity of the Far East, the analysis was carried out for two groups of regions: «North» (Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Magadan Region, Sakhalin Region, Chukotka Autonomous District) and «South» (Primorsky Territory, Khabarovsk Territory, Amur Region, Jewish Autonomous Region). It was found that the elasticity of substitution in the southern regions of the Far East is 0,4. In the northern regions, it is close to zero. The assessment of the contribution from factors to the labor productivity in the «South» group made on the basis of a method suggested by Dixon and Thirlwall for calculating the relative efficiency of regions of the national economy modified for the case of time series. Results have shown that the contribution of intensive factors (efficiency) to the growth of labor productivity increase over time, while the contribution of extensive factors (capital-labor ratio) decrease. Relative efficiency of the use of production factors in 2003–2020 grew in the south of the Far East at a rate of 3% per year. Labor productivity growth decomposition based on constant elasticity of substitution production function demonstrated an increase in the resource efficiency in excess of the labor productivity growth rate, which implies a significant contribution from intensive factors to the economic growth of the regions of the south of the Far Eastern Federal District
Central Places As a Conceptual Construct: Building the Structure of Spatial Markets on the Scale of the National Economy
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Dzhurka Natalya
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to determining the possibilities of building the structure of spatial markets on the scale of the national economy. An overview of the works is given, thanks to which the idea of the interregional input-output model was gradually formed as an objective calculation basis for analyzing the functional base of the regions and building a network model of economic interactions within the framework of the concept of central places. The main attention is paid to instrumental developments that can be useful for creating a universal method for recognizing the structure of economic interactions in space based on interregional balances. Three approaches to the distribution of regions by levels of the functional hierarchy have been identified. The first approach is based on estimates of the nodal structure of space, the second is based on the ordinal function of the network of interregional interactions, and the third is based on feedback loops. It has been established that the number of hierarchy levels allocated using the first approach is minimal, and using the second approach – maximum. It is determined that the central place measure can be used to test the assumptions formed on the basis of alternative approaches regarding the hierarchical structure of economic interactions. With the help of the considered instrumental developments, the hierarchical structure of economic interactions of the regions of Japan is determined based on the interregional input-output tables for 2005. It is shown that the analysis of the functional base of the regions, integrating alternative approaches to the hierarchization of flows of the interregional balance, allows us to determine the structure of spatial markets on the scale of the national economy based on the following aspects of economic interactions: the difference in the masses of the central places entering into interaction; maintaining a balance of centripetal and centrifugal forces; maximizing the «gravity» of the centers of market zones
Narratives of the self in bilingual speakers: the neurophenomenal space
Authors: Green David W.
Published: September 2023

We tell one another stories of our lives. Sharing subjective experience is part of what it means to be an embodied, languaging being. In order to explore this aspect of our nature we need to relate our phenomenal experience to its neural bases as we talk. I describe a three-step procedure to do so as a person recounts a personal story. The first step characterizes their subjective experience. I describe two complementary ways to do so. The second step infers the attentional and attributional processes that compose that experience. I suppose that telling a personal story is a form of reliving it. The process of mental simulation involved recruits other attributional processes and is itself nested under one that sustains attention to the goal of telling the story. The third step identifies these processes with their possible neural bases expressed through the language network. I take the mapping from the phenomenal to the neural to be the neurophenomenal space and offer a visualization of it. I illustrate the procedure using the hypothetical example of a bilingual speaker who tells of a recent experience walking in a new city.
What Predicts the Growth of Small Firms? Evidence from Tanzanian Commercial Loan Data
Authors: Ellis Mia , Kinnan Cynthia , McMillan Margaret , Shaukat Sarah
Published: September 2023

Not all firms have equal capacity to absorb productive credit. Identifying those with higher potential may have large consequences for productivity. We collect detailed survey data on small- and medium-sized Tanzanian firms who borrow from a large commercial bank, which in turn raises funds via international capital markets. Using machine learning methods to identify predictors of loan growth, we document, first, that we achieve high rates of predictive power. Second, “soft” information (entrepreneurs’ motivations for entrepreneurship and constraints faced) has predictive power over and above administrative data (sector, age, etc.). Third, there is a different and larger set of predictors for women than men, consistent with greater barriers to efficient capital allocation among female entrepreneurs.
DIREITO À IMAGINAR
Authors: Falk dos Santos Isabella
Published: September 2023

Este artigo visa a aplicação da black methodologie como caminho à resposta da relação do corpo com o mundo. O que se propõem é a acumulação textual como método de contraponto ao conhecimento tradicional, tendo como resultado três diferentes textos que objetivam dar dimensão ao método. A resposta versa com a ideia de escala na arquitetura (escala humana) utilizando o corpo de Calunga (fabulação crítica) como mediador das relações do texto acadêmico com as múltiplas possibilidades de conhecimento existentes na diáspora africana.
O CORPO E A CENA
Authors: Silva Fernandes Gabriel , Mueller Andressa , Reyes Paulo , Caron Daniele
Published: September 2023

A partir de observações no cotidiano das cidades, este artigo reflete como as contranarrativas da rua podem elaborar um conteúdo crítico sobre as próprias práticas epistêmicas do pensamento urbano e incentivar o conhecimento dos corpos urbanos estigmatizados. Para isto, elaborou-se uma narrativa sobre uma cena inusitada, a cama de um morador em situação de rua em frente a um registro de imóveis, analisando criticamente as imagens do percurso por uma abordagem dialética entre a experiência vivida e o pensamento urbanístico. Na problematização da cena, articulou-se o conceito de performance enquanto agir político do corpo através do se fazer visível e das narrativas dissidentes que surgem através dessa visibilidade. Por fim, acreditase que ao inserir-se as metodologias narrativas na discussão do urbano, é possível abrir espaço para novos pensamentos, que superem os preconceitos e as hostilidade tradicionalmente instrumentalizados pelo planejamento urbano hegemônico.
VAGA-LUMES: A CIDADE NOTURNA E OS CORPOS DISSIDENTES
Authors: Oliveira Pompeu de Pina João Pedro
Published: September 2023

O trabalho Vaga-lumes: A cidade Noturna e os corpos dissidentes se concentra na investigação a respeito das práticas que acontecem na cidade à noite, em especial aquelas realizadas por corpos dissidentes de gênero e sexualidade. Sejam de caráter comercial, lúdico ou sexual, essas ocupações temporárias são feitas alheias às previsões impostas pelos códigos políticos subjacentes ao urbanismo, e possuem como característica comum a de deixar rastros e de autogestionar suas aparições e desaparições (PERAN, 2008). Nesse sentido, o trabalho é estruturado em três blocos. O primeiro busca contextualizar a relação entre noite, corpo e dissidência; o segundo propõe uma corpografia queer da prática da pegação do Parque do Flamengo do Rio de Janeiro e o terceiro são intervenções temporárias (SANSÃO FONTES, 2013) realizadas para perturbar a paisagem e servir de chamariz para analisar o espaço e a prática da pegação através das lentes da teoria queer.
ECOS DO XARPI
Authors: Dialla Xavier Moreira Loreta , De Oliveira Junior Antonio Wellington
Published: September 2023

O “pixo” como símbolo, signo-bifacial (BARTHES, 1992) ou índice de uma “línguamenor” (DELEUZE, 1995) é o rastro de um corpo que inscreve uma língua própria na escritura da cidade para lançar outros modos de leitura e ocupação que reinventam o espaço urbano. Partindo da perspectiva de observar o “pixo” como uma marca “que se propaga em multissons, em multissentidos, em multiescritas” (DIÓGENES, 2020), interessa neste ensaio pensar como o ruído visual da “pixação”, no traçado da letra e no redimensionamento da palavra, expande a sua leitura imagética para a invocação de inscrições sonoras do corpo que revelam os possíveis ecos de uma voz secreta do xarpi. Para tal, apresenta-se no texto a discussão sobre uma poética sonora-visual da “pixação” e a realização de um programa performativo que expõe uma prática de “transcriação” (CAMPOS, 2011) entre voz e xarpi para explorar uma fonética do “pixo” como um possível devir da língua ou língua da mancha.
DESCARRILHAMENTOS
Authors: Gomes Chemello Matheus
Published: September 2023

A repetição dos eventos nos coloca em contato com o impasse daquilo que precisa criar outro modo para existir. A diferença se faz nessa repetição. A disputa pela rua no entorno da Estação Férrea, no bairro São Pelegrino, de Caxias do Sul, é a dobra pela qual tentamos abordar a prática da cidade. Para isso, relacionamos entre três momentos diferentes: (a) as práticas de extermínio levadas a cabo pelos bugreiros contra os indígenas que habitavam as matas da Serra Gaúcha; (b) a fundação do bairro que recebeu a estação e seu processo de especulação imobiliária; (c) e as disputas travadas na atualidade. A discussão é transpassada pelas práticas fascistas do passado, suas marcas e sua molecularização na forma do microfascismo na atualidade. Buscamos identificar as práticas de seleção e exclusão que constituíram a história da imigração italiana e foram atualizadas em novas formas na contemporaneidade. Para alcançar esse objetivo o estudo contempla a revisão historiográfica dos eventos anteriores e subsequentes à chegada dos imigrantes italianos no atual território de Caxias do Sul, bem como a investigação da atualidade retratada pelos veículos de comunicação e mídia locais que foram costurados pela discussão crítica fundamentada, especialmente, nos conceitos de microfascismo, micropolítica e macropolítica de Deleuze e Guattari e na análise sobre a sociedade de consumidores e seus processos de comidificação de Zygmunt Bauman.
ELEMENTOS DE QUALIFICAÇÃO AFETIVA DE UM ESPAÇO PÚBLICO
Authors: Conceição de Araújo José Alberto , Trigueiro de Araújo Morais Marcele
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre as condições de copresença e de apropriação de objetos urbanos às atividades sociais. A Praça da Paz, em João Pessoa-PB, Brasil, é o campo desta pesquisa, que se baseia na consideração das configurações espaciais, dispositivos técnicos espaciais do urbano (DTSU) e sua relação com as atividades sociais urbanas, tidos como elementos geradores de empatia espacial e vitalidade urbana. Os métodos utilizados (leitura espacial, entrevistas semiestruturadas e fotomontagens) abordam dimensões físicas, sociais e ambientais do problema e permitem construir uma síntese cartográfica do espaço estudado. O resultado é uma compreensão do processo de produção da cidade, que questiona os comportamentos sociais na qualificação afetiva de um espaço urbano. Constata-se que apesar da degradação de uma série de dispositivos técnicos, independentemente das suas características físicas, ou mesmo a centralidade do espaço, quando o público aprecia o local, este não perde seu potencial de uso.
RUA SEM SAÍDA
Authors: Péret Flávia
Published: September 2023

Neste texto, Flávia Perét conta sua vida tecida na lida cotidiana entre desejos, medos, intervenções, memórias e assédios durante os dias 2-13 de outubro de 2022, no intervalo entre o primeiro e o segundo turno das eleições nacionais, apresentando um relato crítico da violência que sofrem as mulheres nos espaços públicos, nos interpelando a pensar um futuro feminista para política e para as cidades.