bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Greek Sage Exhibits Neuroprotective Activity against Amyloid Beta‐Induced Toxicity
Authors: Ververis Antonis , Savvidou Georgia , Ioannou Kristia , Nicolaou Paschalis , Christodoulou Kyproula , Plioukas Michael
Published: December 2020

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, affecting the elderly at a high incidence. AD is of unknown etiology and currently, no cure is available. Present medication is restricted to treating symptoms; thus, a need exists for the development of effective remedies. Medicinal plants constitute a large pool, from which active compounds of great pharmaceutical potential can be derived. Various Salvia spp. are considered as neuroprotective, and here, the ability of Salvia fruticosa (SF) to protect against toxic effects induced in an AD cell model was partly assessed. Two of AD’s characteristic hallmarks are the presence of elevated oxidative stress levels and the cytotoxic aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides. Thus, we obtained SF extracts in three different solvents of increasing polarity, consecutively, to evaluate (a) their antioxidant capacity with the employment of the free radical scavenging assay (DPPH•), of the ferric reducing ability of plasma assay (FRAP), and of the cellular reactive oxygen species assay (DCFDA) and (b) their neuroprotective properties against Aβ25–35‐induced cell death with the use of an MTT assay. All three SF extracts showed a considerable antioxidant capacity, with the methanol (SFM) extract being the strongest. The results of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) of the extracts and of the FRAP and the DCFDA assays showed a similar pattern. In addition, and most importantly, the dichloromethane (SFD) and the petroleum ether (SFP) extracts had an effect on Aβ toxicity, exhibiting a significant neuroprotective potential. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SF extracts demonstrating neuroprotective potential against Aβ toxicity. In combination with their antioxidant capacity, SF extracts may be beneficial in combating AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Ultrashort Wave Combined with Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell (HUC‐MSC) Transplantation Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome and Improves Spinal Cord Injury via MK2/TTP Signalling Pathway
Authors: Na Li , Wang Shuai , Liu Tongtong , Zhang Lixin
Published: December 2020

Objective. To investigate the curative effects of HUC‐MSCs combined with USW on spinal cord injury (SCI) and the effects on inflammatory microenvironment and to explore the regulatory mechanisms of MK2/TTP signalling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome. Methods. The SCI rat model was established using the modified Allen method; rats were administered with USW, HUC‐MSCs, and combination therapy of USW and HUC‐MSCs; the therapeutic efficacies in each group of rats were monitored and represented in BBB score. SCI levels were observed using HE staining and IF. The microglia polarisation state and released contents of inflammatory factors were detected. IF and Western Blotting were performed on to detect the expression levels of MK2/TTP signalling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome‐related proteins. Furthermore, the regulatory mechanisms of MK2/TTP pathway and NLRP3 were explored by performing on the in vitro study. Results. Combination therapy of USW and HUC‐MSCs was found of significant efficacy on improving motor functions of SCI rats, and it was further proved that this combination therapy can reduce spinal cord injury in SCI rats, of which USW plays a more important role. While transplantation of HUC‐MSCs can promote microglial cells developing to SCI repair, and M2 microglial cells were taking advantages gradually. The combination therapy can inhibit the expression of MK2; downregulate NLRP3 inflammasome; suppress the expression levels of pro‐caspase‐1, pro‐IL‐1β, and pro‐IL‐18; and simultaneously suppress the release of IL‐1β and IL‐18, thereby reducing spinal cord neurons apoptosis. It was found that the steady state of microglial polarisation maintained by combined treatment of USW and HUC‐MSCs was destroyed with the upregulation of MK2 expression in cells, of which, M1 type microglial cell was dominant and the increased contents of inflammatory factors were detected. However, overexpressed MK2 relieved the inhibition of NLRP3 expression by TTP. Conclusions. Combination therapy of USW and HUC‐MSCs can downregulate NLRP3 expression, relieve inflammatory responses, improve immune microenvironment, and rescue spinal cord injury via suppressing phosphorylation level of MK2.
Advances in Vertebral Augmentation Systems for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Authors: Long Yufeng , Yi Weihong , Yang Dazhi
Published: December 2020

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) is a common cause of pain and disability and is steadily increasing due to the growth of the elderly population. To date, percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) are almost universally accepted as appropriate vertebral augmentation procedures for OVCFs. There are many advantages of vertebral augmentation, such as short surgical time, performance under local anaesthesia, and rapid pain relief. However, there are certain issues regarding the utilization of these vertebral augmentations, such as loss of vertebral height, cement leakage, and adjacent vertebral refracture. Hence, the treatment for OVCF has changed in recent years. Satisfactory clinical results have been obtained worldwide after application of the OsseoFix System, the SpineJack System, radiofrequency kyphoplasty of the vertebral body, and the Kiva VCF treatment system. The following review discusses the development of the current techniques used for vertebral augmentation.
Effect of Drying‐Wetting Cycles on Engineering Properties of Expansive Soils Modified by Industrial Wastes
Authors: Chu Chengfu , Zhan Meihuang , Feng Qi , Li Dong , Xu Long , Zha Fusheng , Deng Yongfeng
Published: December 2020

The swelling properties of expansive soils can be reduced by the addition of modifiers. Nevertheless, the performance deterioration after modification occurs when weathering for a long term. Therefore, in this study, the effect of drying‐wetting cycles on swelling behaviour and compressibility of modified expansive soils with the iron tailing sand and calcium carbide slag has been investigated. The swelling potential initially increases and subsequently decreases with the increasing number of cycles, reaches the peak at the seventh cycle, and tends to equilibrium after the tenth cycle. These results show that drying‐wetting cycles will destroy the soil structure. The compressibility of modified expansive soils increases with the drying‐wetting cycles, where an empirical formula between compressibility and the cycle number was established. Microstructural analysis is performed using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of microstructural analysis show a tendency of degradation process.
Hong-Hui-Xiang Alleviates Pain Hypersensitivity in a Mouse Model of Monoarthritis
Authors: Gao Wei , Wang Di , Yang Xinlu , Pan Tingting , Chai Xiaoqing , Zhang Zhi
Published: December 2020

Background. Hong-Hui-Xiang (HHX) is a sterilized aqueous solution extracted from Illicium lanceolatum A.C. Smith widely used for pain relief in China. Despite its history, it is not well understood. In the present study, we used a mouse model of arthritic knee pain to investigate the antinociceptive effects of HHX and its potential side effects on weight and respiratory function, as well as on the liver, kidney, and heart. Methods. Mice were randomly assigned to four groups: saline and HHX at three doses (1 μl, 10 μl, and 50 μl). Each group was randomly divided to two subgroups: saline and CFA. After the first injection of HHX or saline on day 7, mechanical hyperalgesia was tested via the hind paw. Only after the tests had established that the analgesic effect had subsided was the next injection administered. A total of five injections were administered. Blood, knee joints, and other organs were collected for histopathological observation and biochemical detection. Objectives. We found that mechanical threshold of hind paw increased 2 h after of the initial injection HHX (10 μl and 50 μl), which lasted for at least 3 h. The analgesic effect lasted for three days after the second injection on day 8 and was approximately maintained for five days each time after the third injection. We also found a reduction in the diameter of the knee joint and suppression of synovial inflammation in response to treatment of HHX (10 μl and 50 μl). Meanwhile, HHX had no toxic effects on the liver, kidneys, and heart via histological and biochemical assays in all groups. Conclusion. HHX exerts antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse model of arthritic knee pain. There were no obvious side effects on the liver, kidneys, or heart.
p300-Catalyzed Lysine Crotonylation Promotes the Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration of HeLa Cells via Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1
Authors: Han Xuesong , Xiang Xudong , Yang Hongying , Zhang Hongping , Liang Shuang , Wei Jie , Yu Jing
Published: December 2020

Cervical carcinoma is the third most common cause of cancer in women with a significant challenge in clinical treatment. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is strongly responsible for cervical carcinoma. Here, we show the increased expression level of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNPA1) in HPV-associated cervical cancer cells including HeLa, Caski, and SiHa cells, especially in HeLa cells. We provide the evidence that the expression of HNRNPA1 is closely related to HeLa cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Emerging evidence show that histone modifications account for gene expression. Moreover, our results indicate that HNRNPA1 could be regulated by p300 through p300-mediated lysine crotonylation. Inhibition of p300 downregulated both the lysine crotonylation level and the HNRNPA1 expression. And p300-mediated lysine crotonylation participates in the regulation of HNRNPA1 on HeLa cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Collectively, our study uncovers that p300-mediated lysine crotonylation enhances expression of HNRNPA1 to promote the proliferation, invasion, and migration of HeLa cells.
A Multi-Index Generative Adversarial Network for Tool Wear Detection with Imbalanced Data
Authors: Zhang Guokai , Xiao Haoping , Jiang Jingwen , Liu Qinyuan , Liu Yimo , Wang Liying
Published: December 2020

The scarcity of abnormal data leads to imbalanced data in the field of monitoring tool wear conditions. In this paper, a novel multi-index generative adversarial network (MI-GAN) is proposed to detect the tool wear conditions subject to imbalanced signal data. First, the generator in the MI-GAN is trained to produce fake normal signals, and the discriminator computes scores of testing signals and generated signals. Next, the generator detects abnormal signals based on the performance of imitating testing signals, and the discriminator will compute the scores of testing signals and generated signals. Subsequently, two indexes, i.e.,

L

2

-norm and temporal correlation coefficient (CORT), are put forward to measure the similarity between generated signals and testing signals. Finally, our decision-making function further combines

L

2

-norm and CORT with two discriminator scores to determine the tool conditions. Experimental results show that our method obtains 97% accuracy in tool wear detection based on imbalanced data without manual feature extraction, which outperforms traditional machine learning methods.
FKBP4 Accelerates Malignant Progression of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer by Activating the Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Meng Wen , Meng Jingfei , Jiang Hong , Feng Xing , Wei Dongshan , Ding Qingsong
Published: December 2020

Objective. To study the expression, biological function, and mechanism of FKBP4 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods. First of all, the expression of FKBP4 in NSCLC tissues and cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR; then, the effects of FKBP4 on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of NSCLC were studied by CCK-8 assays, flow cytometry assays, wound-healing assays, and Transwell assays. After that, tumor xenografts were used to explore the effect of FKBP4 on NSCLC tumor growth in vivo, and the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR was measured by western blot. Results. FKBP4 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and cells, and its expression was closely related to NSCLC tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and patient prognosis. In vitro, FKBP4 can promote NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibit NSCLC cell apoptosis. In vivo, FKBP4 can promote NSCLC tumor growth. Furthermore, FKBP4 can promote Akt and mTOR phosphorylation and activate the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and an mTOR inhibitor can neutralize the functions of FKBP4 in NSCLC cells. Conclusion. FKBP4 serves as an oncogene to promote malignant processes in NSCLC, and it has the potential to be used as a biological marker and therapeutic target for NSCLC.
Chitin Hydrogels Prepared at Various Lithium Chloride/N,N-Dimethylacetamide Solutions by Water Vapor-Induced Phase Inversion
Authors: Nguyen Khoa Dang , Kobayashi Takaomi
Published: December 2020

Chitin was chemically extracted from crab shells and then dissolved in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solvent with lithium chloride (LiCl) at 3, 5, 7, and 10%. The concentrated chitin-DMAc/LiCl solutions were used for the preparation of chitin hydrogels by water vapor-induced phase inversion at 20°C. The coagulation process was investigated while altering the concentration of LiCl in the DMAc solution. The shear viscosity of the chitin solution increased with higher LiCl amounts and decreased when the concentration of LiCl was reduced by adding water to the chitin solution, implying high LiCl concentration delayed the coagulation of chitin solution in the presence of water. The viscoelasticity of the chitin solutions indicated the gel formation intensification was dependent on the dose of LiCl and chitin in the DMAc solution. After the chitin solution was coagulated, the resultant hydrogels had water contents of 387–461% and the tensile strength varied from 285 to 400 kPa when the concentration of LiCl in the hydrogel was adjusted to 3% and 7%, respectively. As for viscoelasticity, the complex modulus of the chitin hydrogels indicated that the increment of the LiCl concentration up to 7% formed the tight hydrogels. Atomic force microscopic (AFM) image revealed the formation of the entanglement network and larger domains of the aggregated chitin segments. However, the hydrogel prepared at 10% LiCl in DMAc solution exhibited weak mechanical properties due to the loose hydrogel networking caused by the strong aggregation of the chitin segments.
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance with Deposits of Peculiar Morphology and Injuries of Secondary Thrombotic Microangiopathy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: De La Flor José C. , Alonso Marina , Sandoval Edna , Marschall Alexander , Rodeles Miguel
Published: December 2020

We present the case of an 82-year-old woman diagnosed with monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) with the presence of different and peculiar kidney lesions, who began treatment with bortezomib and dexamethasone, presenting during her evolution a relapse. Although the bone marrow biopsy in this case showed plasma cells as pathologic clone and there was also a reduction after chemotherapeutic treatment, rituximab was proposed as a second line. We suspected that the relapse was possibly due to another precursor as B-cell or lymphoplasmacytic cell clone. We review the literature and suggest that the treatment for MGRS should be patient-tailored, preferably by consulting a multidisciplinary team. Future research is needed to better understand the disease course and establish the efficacy and safety of the therapeutic approach for the relapse of MGRS.
Diversity, Abundance, and Some Characteristics of Bacteria Isolated from Earth Material Consumed by Wild Animals at Kudurs in the Sikhote-Alin Mountains, Russia
Authors: Lebedeva Elena , Panichev Alexander , Kharitonova Natalya , Kholodov Aleksei , Golokhvast Kirill
Published: December 2020

In this work, geochemical and microbiological studies were performed at kudurs in the southeastern part of the Sikhote-Alin mountain range and in the Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve located in Primorsky Krai, Russia. It was found that the earth material eaten by wild animals in both sites is represented by clay-zeolite tuffs of dacite-rhyolite composition. In the earth material, Na is predominant in bioavailable macronutrients and Zn, light lanthanides, and Y in trace elements. Microbiological studies of geophagic earths revealed a wide range of heterotrophic and autotrophic aerobes and anaerobes involved in the conversion of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. Iron- and manganese-oxidizing bacteria and silicate bacteria were identified as well. The isolated pure cultures of heterotrophic bacteria were represented mainly by Gram-positive spore-forming large rods of Bacillus sp. and Gram-negative heterotrophic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms Burkholderia sp. and Microvirgula aerodenitrificans, which oxidize iron and reduce sulfate. The ability of the bacteria M. aerodenitrificans to reduce sulfates is shown for the first time. According to the literature, the isolated microorganisms are able to actively extract rare earth elements from earth materials, transforming them from the bioinert state to a state accessible to herbivorous mammals.
Proptosis with Increased Orbital Fat in an Obese Patient
Authors: Seedat Azhar , Seedat Shaheen , Moosa Sulaiman E. I.
Published: December 2020

Computational tomography (CT) is a well-documented modality in the workup of proptosis. We present a case of proptosis due to increased orbital fat in an obese patient. We review the literature to discuss the most likely causes of increased orbital fat, and we discuss the utility of CT imaging in assessing this pathology.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Metal Adsorption Properties of Formaldehyde-Based Terpolymeric Resins Derived from Anthranilic Acid, Salicylic Acid, and Catechol
Authors: Arasaretnam S. , Dilshani Jayarathna U. P.
Published: December 2020

Two formaldehyde-based terpolymeric resins (anthranilic acid-catechol-formaldehyde (ACF) and salicylic acid-catechol-formaldehyde (SCF)) have been synthesized by condensing anthranilic acid with catechol and salicylic acid with catechol at 80 ± 5°C using dimethylformamide as a solvent. The resins were characterized by spectral analysis using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The physical-chemical properties of the resins have been studied. The exchange behavior of various metal ions, namely, Cd2+, Cr3+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, towards the synthesized resins has been studied depending on contact time and pH. Chelating properties of two resins were pH dependent, and with an increase in pH value from 1 to 5, the exchange capacity of metal ions was increased. The increasing rate of ion-exchange capacity was greater in ACF than that in SCF. Cd2+ showed higher rate of exchange at different time intervals in both cases, ACF and SCF. Cr3+ had higher exchange capacity with pH variation in both resins.
A Model for a Multistage Fractured Horizontal Well with Rectangular SRV in a Shale Gas Reservoir
Authors: Wu Jianfa , Zhang Jian , Chang Cheng , Xie Weiyang , Wu Tianpeng
Published: December 2020

Although great success has been achieved in the shale gas industry, accurate production dynamic analyses is still a challenging task. Long horizontal wells coupling with mass hydraulic fracturing has become a necessary technique to extract shale gas efficiently. In this paper, a comprehensive mathematical model of a multiple fractured horizontal well (MFHW) in a rectangular drainage area with a rectangular stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) has been established, based on the conceptual model of “tri-pores” in shale gas reservoirs. Dimensionless treatment and Laplace transformation were employed in the modeling process, while the boundary element method was used to solve the mathematical model. The Stehfest numerical inversion method and computer programing techniques were employed to obtain dimensionless type curves, production rate, and cumulative production. Results suggest that 9 flow stages can be observed from the pseudopressure derivative type curve when the reservoir and the SRV are large enough. The number of fractures, SRV permeability, and reservoir permeability have no effect on the total production when the well is abandoned. As SRV and reservoir permeability increases, the production rate is much higher in the middle production stage. Although the SRV scale and its permeability are very important for early and intermediate production rates, the key factors restricting the shale gas production rate are the properties of the shale itself, such as adsorbed gas content, natural fractures, and organic content. The proposed model is useful for analyzing production dynamics with stimulated horizontal wells in shale gas reservoirs.
Network Performance Test and Analysis of LTE-V2X in Industrial Park Scenario
Authors: Fan Yuanyuan , Liu Liu , Dong Shuoshuo , Zhuang Lingfan , Qiu Jiahui , Cai Chao , Song Meng
Published: December 2020

As one of the mainstream technologies of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, Cellular-V2X (C-V2X) provides high reliability and low latency V2X communications. And with the development of mobile cellular systems, C-V2X is evolving from long-term evolution-V2X (LTE-V2X) to new radio-V2X (NR-V2X). However, C-V2X test specification has not been completely set in the industry. In order to promote the formulation of relevant standards and accelerate the implementation of industrialization, the field test and analysis based on LTE-V2X in the industrial park scenario is conducted in this paper. Firstly, key technologies of LTE-V2X are introduced. Then, the specific methods and contents of this test are proposed, which consists of functional and network performance tests to comprehensively evaluate the communication property of LTE-V2X. Static and dynamic tests are required in both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios to evaluate network performance. Next, the test results verify that all functions are normal, and the performance evaluation indexes are appraised and analyzed. Finally, it summarizes the whole paper and puts forward the future work.
Fluid Intake Restriction Concomitant to Sweetened Beverages Hydration Induce Kidney Damage
Authors: García-Arroyo Fernando E. , Tapia Edilia , Muñoz-Jiménez Itzel , Gonzaga-Sánchez Guillermo , Arellano-Buendía Abraham S. , Osorio-Alonso Horacio , Manterola-Romero Lino , Roncal-Jiménez Carlos A. , Johnson Richard J. , Sánchez-Lozada Laura G.
Published: December 2020

Currently, there is the paradox of low water intake but increased intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SB) in several populations; those habits are associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic derangements and greater chronic disease mortality. Persistent heat dehydration and increased SB intake stimulate the continued release of vasopressin and overactivation of the polyol-fructokinase pathway, synergizing each other, an effect partially mediated by oxidative stress. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether water restriction concurrent with SB hydration can cause renal damage by stimulating similar pathways as heat dehydration. Three groups of male Wistar rats (

n
=
6

) were fluid restricted; from 10 am to 12 pm animals could rehydrate with tap water (W), or sweetened beverages, one prepared with 11% of a fructose-glucose combination (SB), or with the noncaloric edulcorant stevia (ST). A normal control group of healthy rats was also studied. The animals were followed for 4 weeks. Markers of dehydration and renal damage were evaluated at the end of the study. Fluid restriction and water hydration mildly increased urine osmolality and induced a 15% fall in CrCl while increased the markers of tubular damage by NAG and KIM-1. Such changes were in association with a mild overexpression of V1a and V2 renal receptors, polyol fructokinase pathway overactivation, and increased renal oxidative stress with reduced expression of antioxidant enzymes. Hydration with SB significantly amplified those alterations, while in stevia hydrated rats, the changes were similar to the ones observed in water hydrated rats. These data suggest that current habits of hydration could be a risk factor in developing kidney damage.
Risk Propagation Model and Simulation of Schedule Change in Construction Projects: A Complex Network Approach
Authors: Cheng Yusi , Yuan Jingfeng , Zhu Lei , Li Wei
Published: December 2020

Construction schedules play an important role in construction project management. However, during construction activities, risks may arise due to unexpected schedule changes, resulting in the ineffective delivery of projects. This study aims to reveal the law of schedule change risk propagation and to analyze the effects on the risk propagation through numerical simulations. First, construction projects are represented by activity-on-node (AON) networks. A model of risk propagation is then built based on a susceptible-infected (SI) model considering the effects of the nodal characteristics on the propagation process. Next, the model is tested on a real-world project to examine cascading failures with varying parameters. The experimental results demonstrate that the model is effective in identifying the activities most capable of affecting a project schedule and evaluating the impact of schedule change risk propagation. This study will provide a basis for enhancing the robustness of AON networks and controlling the propagation of schedule change risks.
The Effect of Rigging Angle on Longitudinal Direction Motion of Parafoil-Type Vehicle: Basic Stability Analysis and Wind Tunnel Test
Authors: Moriyoshi Takahiro , Yamada Kazuhiko , Nishida Hiroyuki
Published: December 2020

The paraglider, a flexible flying vehicle, consists of a parafoil with flexible wings, suspension lines, and a suspended payload. At this time, the suspension lines have several parameters to be designed. Above all, a parameter called Rigging Angle (RA) is sensitive to the aerodynamic characteristics of a paraglider during flight. In this study, the effect of RA is clarified using the two-dimensional stability analysis and a wind tunnel test. The mechanisms about the parafoil-type vehicle stability are clarified through the experimental and analytical approaches as follows. The RA has an allowable range for a stable flight. When the RA is set out of the range, the parafoil cannot fly stably. Furthermore, the behavior of the parafoil wing in the case of lower RA than the allowable range is different from the case of higher RA. The parafoil collapses from the leading edge of the canopy and cannot glide in the case of lower RA.
A Correlative Analysis of Modern Logistics Industry to Developing Economy Using the VAR Model: A Case of Pakistan
Authors: Hanif Salman , Mu Dong , Baig Saranjam , Alam Khalid Mehmood
Published: December 2020

The modern logistics industry has opened new strategic perspectives in establishing its interrelation with economic growth. In recent years, understanding such an overlap has become a policy issue considering ever-increasing factors and their influence on this relation. Most existing studies have explored this interaction from a general perspective, or for developed countries. This paper explores time-series analysis of the dynamic variables and their inter-related influence in both the short and long run on the relationship between modern logistic industry and economic growth—a more specific perspective, particularly for developing countries. Accordingly, we exemplify our analysis by employing the vector autoregression (VAR) model to the most updated time series data of investment in the logistics industry and the economic growth of Pakistan from 1990 to 2018. The empirical findings endorse the previous studies’ outcomes and recognize the importance of sustainable economic development concerning continuously improving the logistics industry. However, a unidirectional relation is observed that economic growth leads to developing the logistics industry—economic growth exerts a significant demand-pull effect on Pakistan’s logistics. It implies that logistic industrial development is comparatively quicker in the geographical areas where economic growth is higher than those areas where economic growth is low. To conclude this study’s findings, logistics industry reforms should prioritize the selected geographical areas in improving the economy that would lead to the modern logistics industry’s development. As the model adopts Pakistan’s context, the overall statistical analysis can be generalized to other developing economies. These results would be of particular interest to strategy makers working in developing countries and help them design and develop modern transportation and logistics, coupled with interlinked technological factors, which would attract investment in the logistics industry for sustainable economic development.
Seismic Behavior of Hybrid Frame Joints between Composite Columns and Steel Beams
Authors: Chu Liusheng , Li Qingze , Zhao Jun , Li Danda
Published: December 2020

This study presents experimental and numerical study on cyclic behavior of SRC composite columns-steel beam joints. The pseudostatic experiments were carried out on four samples with different axial loads. X-shaped shear reinforcement was added in the sample no. 4 in order to investigate its effect on the crack resistance in the joint core area. Low-frequency cyclic load was applied at beam ends to simulate the earthquake action. The failure characteristics, hysteretic behavior, stiffness degradation, shear resistance, and displacement ductility were investigated. Experimental results indicated that the failure mode of the joints was mainly shear failure, and the composite joints showed excellent seismic behavior with higher capacity and good ductility and energy dissipation ability. X-shaped shear reinforcement performed well to increase the concrete crack resistance. Shear forces from both experimental test and theoretical analysis were compared, and suggestions were given on modification of theoretical formulas. Simulation using the ABAQUS model showed good results that agreed well with the test results. Steel stress distribution and damage development were analyzed in the model. More parameters of web thickness, stiffener thickness, concrete strength, and stirrups and their influence on shear resistance were studied.
Surgical Management of Giant L2 Adrenal Neuroblastoma in Adult Male
Authors: Thapa Bikash Bikram , Yadav Sanjay , Pant Sujit , Rajkarnikar Pratik , Mandal Pankaj
Published: December 2020

Neuroblastoma is an embryonal malignancy that arises from neural crest cells. Adult adrenal neuroblastoma is a rare disease, and less than 100 cases were reported in the literature. Adult neuroblastoma commonly presents with abdominal (retroperitoneal) lump and pain. A 35-year-old male patient presented with a giant (

20
 
cm
×
17
 
cm
×
12
 
cm

) nonfunctional left adrenal mass. He underwent en-bloc surgical excision of the left adrenal gland along with the left kidney. Histopathological examination revealed adrenal neuroblastoma (stage 2B, L2). We present here the surgical management of the rare adult adrenal neuroblastoma.
Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Heritiera littoralis Fruits on Dextran Sulfate Sodium‐ (DSS‐) Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Suppressing NF‐κB Pathway
Authors: Lin Guosheng , Li Minyao , Xu Nan , Wu Xiaoli , Liu Jingjing , Wu Yulin , Zhang Qian , Cai Jian , Gao Changjun , Su Ziren
Published: December 2020

Aim of the Study. This study is aimed at exploring the effects and pharmacological mechanisms of the extracts from the Heritiera littoralis fruit (EFH) on dextran sulfate sodium‐ (DSS‐) induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Materials and Methods. The chemical compositions of EFH were identified using LC‐ESI‐MS. The mice with 3% DSS‐induced UC were administered EFH (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg), sulfasalazine (SASP, 200 mg/kg), and azathioprine (AZA, 13 mg/kg) for 10 days via daily gavage. The colonic inflammation was evaluated by the disease activity index (DAI), colonic length, histological scores, and levels of inflammatory mediators. The gut microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis. Results. LC‐ESI‐MS analysis showed that EFH was rich in alkaloids and flavones. The results indicated that EFH significantly improved the DAI score, relieved colon shortening, and repaired pathological colonic variations in colitis. In addition, proteins in the NF‐κB pathway were significantly inhibited by EFH. Furthermore, EFH recovered the diversity and balance of the gut microbiota. Conclusions. EFH has protective effects against DSS‐induced colitis by keeping the balance of the gut microbiota and suppressing the NF‐κB pathway.
The Upper Digestive Tract Microbiome and Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Implications in Africa
Authors: Come Jotamo , Pereira Joana Barbosa , Pinto Ricardo , Carrilho Carla , Pereira Luisa , Lara Santos Lúcio
Published: December 2020

The study of the microbiome has significantly contributed to our understanding of complex diseases including cancer, with a profound influence of the microbiota on clinical prognosis and the efficacy of cancer treatments. Oesophageal cancer is positioned amongst the most aggressive malignant diseases, resulting from a complex interaction between anthropometric, genetic, immune response, and environmental factors. Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oesophageal cancer and is a serious burden in Eastern Africa, in the area known as the African oesophageal cancer corridor (AOCC). OSCC is often diagnosed at a late stage, with patients already suffering from severe malnutrition and dehydration due to swallowing difficulties, leading to high mortality rates. So far, aetiological factors have been individually analysed with an inappropriate contextualisation. The upper digestive tract microbiome has been proposed to contribute to the onset and progression of OSCC but with limited understanding of the mechanisms behind this interaction. Data on African populations are limited, and the aetiology of AOCC is still poorly understood. This review discusses the current knowledge of the aetiology of OSCC in Africa, with special focus on the probable influence of the upper digestive tract microbiota.
Intraductal Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland Presenting as Parapharyngeal Mass
Authors: Oki Yamato , Hatakeyama Hiromitsu , Otani Masako , Ikemiyagi Hidetaka , Komatsu Masanori , Inayama Yoshiaki , Oridate Nobuhiko
Published: December 2020

Intraductal carcinomas are rare, malignant tumors that arise from the salivary glands. They commonly grow from the parotid gland and no cases growing from the parapharyngeal space have been reported to date. We report a 76-year-old man who was inadvertently found to have a parapharyngeal lesion by CT scans and MR imaging. The tumor was resected through an upper neck approach and diagnosed histopathologically as intraductal carcinoma. As far as we are aware, this is the first case of intraductal carcinoma arising from the parapharyngeal space. Here, we describe the management of this disease together with a review of the relevant literature.
Associations between Red Blood Cell and Platelet Transfusions and Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Hengartner Tobias , Adams Mark , Pfister Riccardo E. , Snyers Diane , McDougall Jane , Waldvogel Salome , Held-Egli Katrin , Spring Lea , Rogdo Bjarte , Riedel Thomas , Arlettaz Mieth Romaine ,   on behalf of the Swiss Neonatal Network
Published: December 2020

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine possible associations between the transfusion of RBC or platelets (PLTs) and the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants. Methods: This retrospective, national, case-control study included all live births in Switzerland between 2013 and 2018. We investigated preterm infants at a gestational age of <28 weeks, who developed higher stage ROP (≥stage 2, n = 178). Each case infant was matched to another of the same sex who did not develop ROP (n = 178, control group). Results: When compared with the control group, we observed higher numbers of RBC transfusions per infant and higher percentages of infants receiving PLT transfusions in the case group. An adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that both RBC (odds ratio [OR] 1.081, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.020–1.146) and PLT transfusions (OR = 2.502, 95% CI 1.566–3.998) numbers were associated with ROP development. Conclusions: Multiple RBC and PLT transfusions are associated with higher stage ROP development. Prospective studies are required to determine their potential as risk factors.
Repigmentation of White Forelock in a Familial Case of Piebaldism Reported via Teledermatology in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Gaudiello Francesca , Ferrillo Maria , Vastarella Maria , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Patrì Angela
Published: December 2020

Piebaldism is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by leucoderma with leucotrichia. We describe a case of white forelock repigmentation in an infant with piebaldism, thanks to a photograph sent by the patient’s mother to our dermatology clinic, during COVID-19 pandemic.
Intra-Amniotic Infection and Sterile Intra-Amniotic Inflammation in Cervical Insufficiency with Prolapsed Fetal Membranes: Clinical Implications
Authors: Chalupska Martina , Kacerovsky Marian , Stranik Jaroslav , Gregor Miroslav , Maly Jan , Jacobsson Bo , Musilova Ivana
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to identify the rates of 2 phenotypes of intra-amniotic inflammation: intra-amniotic infection (with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity [MIAC]) and sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (without MIAC), and their outcomes, among women with cervical insufficiency with prolapsed fetal membranes. Methods of Study: This is a retrospective study of women admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove between January 2014 and May 2020. Transabdominal amniocentesis to evaluate intra-amniotic inflammation (amniotic fluid interleukin-6) and MIAC (culturing and molecular biology methods) was performed as part of standard clinical management. Results: In total, 37 women with cervical insufficiency and prolapsed fetal membranes were included; 11% (4/37) and 43% (16/37) of them had intra-amniotic infection and sterile intra-amniotic inflammation, respectively. In women with intra-amniotic infection and sterile intra-amniotic inflammation, we noted shorter intervals between admission and delivery (both p < 0.0001), and lower gestational age at delivery (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.004) and percentiles of birth/abortion weight (p = 0.03 and p = 0.009, respectively) than in those without intra-amniotic inflammation. Conclusions: Both phenotypes of intra-amniotic inflammation, with sterile intra-amniotic inflammation being more frequent, are associated with worse outcomes in pregnancies with cervical insufficiency with prolapsed fetal membranes.
Expanding the Phenotype of TUBB2A-Related Tubulinopathy: Three Cases of a Novel, Heterozygous TUBB2A Pathogenic Variant p.Gly98Arg
Authors: Schmidt Lindsey , Wain Karen E. , Hajek Catherine , Estrada-Veras Juvianee I. , Guillen Sacoto Maria J. , Wentzensen Ingrid M. , Malhotra Alka , Clause Amanda , Perry Denise , Moreno-De-Luca Andres , Bell Megan
Published: December 2020

Tubulinopathies are a group of conditions caused by variants in 6 tubulin genes that present with a spectrum of brain malformations. One of these conditions is TUBB2A-related tubulinopathy. Currently, there are 9 reported individuals with pathogenic variants within the TUBB2A gene, with common manifestations including, but not limited to, global developmental delay, seizures, cortical dysplasia, and dysmorphic corpus callosum. We report 3 patients identified by exome and genome sequencing to have a novel, pathogenic, missense variant in TUBB2A (p.Gly98Arg). They presented similarly with intellectual disability, hypotonia, and global developmental delay and varied with respect to the type of cortical brain malformation, seizure history, diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, and other features. This case series expands the natural history of TUBB2A-related tubulinopathy while describing the presentation of a novel, pathogenic, missense variant in 3 patients.
O regime de precatórios e o (des)interesse (público) no seu pagamento
Authors: Santanna Gustavo da Silva , Alves Ramon Pinto
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo trata do processamento das condenações judiciais do Poder Público, sob uma abordagem de identificação do interesse público envolvido. Tal destaque justifica-se na incerteza e morosidade decorrentes do modo como são regulamentados os pagamentos dos precatórios judiciais. Diante da finalidade do Estado, questiona-se a respeito da existência de interesse público, legítimo, na forma em que se processam as sentenças condenatórias face à Fazenda Pública. A partir de considerações a respeito dos conceitos jurídicos de interpretação, da supremacia do interesse público e do eventual conflito de interesses, pretende-se estabelecer critérios coerentes de identificação do interesse público no plano concreto. Após, avaliando o regramento dos precatórios e suas alterações no transcorrer do tempo, utilizam-se os aspectos interpretativos, desenvolvidos em abstrato, para delimitar hipóteses que permitam concluir a respeito da existência de interesse público no regime dos precatórios.
O controle de constitucionalidade desempenhado pela Administração Pública no processo administrativo fiscal: (im)possibilidade de exercício
Authors: Kuster Roberto Baumgarten
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo verificar a compatibilidade da utilização do mecanismo de controle de constitucionalidade pela Administração Pública no processo administrativo fiscal. A análise perpassa pela aplicação dos princípios constitucionais administrativos contidos na Carta Magna e na Lei n°. 9.784/99, quais sejam do devido processo legal, ampla defesa, contraditório, moralidade, eficiência e legalidade.
As transformações da gestão pública e o governo por contratos: a contratualização das políticas públicas
Authors: Hungaro Luis Alberto
Published: December 2020

Desde a passagem do patrimonialismo ao Estado Liberal, e concomitante ao surgimento do modelo burocrático-weberiano de gestão administrativa, muitas transformações ocorreram no modo como é realizada a gestão pública, especificamente no que tange às políticas públicas. É possível identificar nesse processo histórico a atribuição de novo significado ao contrato administrativo, o qual passou a constituir efetivo instrumento de governo e técnica de gestão pública.
Fato da Administração: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Gasiola Gustavo Gil
Published: December 2020

O artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre a categoria do fato da Administração na teoria dos contratos administrativos a partir do critério da autonomia. Foram identificados quatro níveis de autonomia, destacando os autores que abandonam totalmente as categorias tradicionais. Conclui-se que, a despeito da abordagem proposta, o conceito de fato da Administração tem importância para analisar o regime jurídico dos contratos administrativos e indica a necessidade de aprofundamento teórico e debate científico
A felicidade como fundamento teórico do desenvolvimento em um Estado Social
Authors: Gabardo Emerson
Published: December 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo a inclusão da ideia de felicidade como fundamento do desenvolvi­mento humano em um Estado social. Contesta a possibilidade da subsidiariedade poder ser um critério compatível com o ideal desenvolvimentista do Estado social. Analisa o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e faz algumas considerações a respeito do princípio da subsidiariedade no ambiente europeu. Explica que o constitucionalismo social não pode restringir os deveres do Estado à garantia de dignidade. Diferencia a felicidade subjetiva da felicidade objetiva. Analisa a ideia de felicidade objetiva em duas perspectivas: a jurídica e a política. Conclui que apenas a felicidade objetiva é considerada critério determinante dos fins do Estado social, pois implica a garantia do máximo de bem-estar para as pessoas enquanto a dignidade compreende apenas a garantia do mínimo existencial.
imprescritibilidade do direito de ressarcimento por improbidade administrativa dolosa contra a Administração Pública e o regresso da plenitudo potestatis
Authors: Santos Igor Moraes
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho pretende investigar a imprescritibilidade do direito de ressarcimento de dano decorrente de atos de improbidade administrativa a partir da decisão do STF no RE nº 852.475-SP. Considerando que a posição final da Corte adotou a tese da imprescritibilidade mitigada, verifica-se que essa escolha implica distinção entre dano resultante de ação dolosa e de ação culposa como critério para a definição de situações sujeitas à prescrição, o que inexiste no texto do art. 37, § 5º da CR/88. Por isso, examina ainda as interpretações divergentes dos Ministros, inclusive em outros julgados do STF, além das diferentes visões de constitucionalistas e administrativistas, entre os quais há propostas alternativas consistentes. Em conclusão, constata-se possíveis consequências negativas da decisão, principalmente os riscos oferecidos pelo retorno gradual de uma plenitudopotestatis estatal no plano do direito público brasileiro
Indenização pela mora legislativa na edição de lei necessária para a revisão geral anual dos vencimentos dos servidores públicos
Authors: Agostinho Maila de Castro
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo trazer a lume razões que sustentem a possibilidade do pleito indenizatório dos servidores públicos pela mora legislativa na edição de lei necessária para a revisão geral anual de seus vencimentos. Serão apresentadas sustentações doutrinárias, análises jurisprudenciais, bem como exame crítico dos votos até então proferidos nos autos do Recurso Extraordinário n. 565.089 São Paulo no qual houve o reconhecimento de Repercussão Geral de tema correlato (Tema 19).
Controle das Políticas Públicas
Authors: Chudzij Luísa Fófano
Published: December 2020

Tem-se por objeto de estudo o controle da Administração Pública no contexto das Políticas Públicas. Estabeleceu-se como objetivo geral a análise da possibilidade de realização do controle dos atos administrativos, relacionados às Políticas Públicas, pelo Poder Legislativo, Judiciário e Tribunal de Contas. O método empregado para a construção das principais ideias textuais foi o dedutivo e, para tanto, pautou-se em pesquisa bibliográfica, jurisprudencial e de legislações pertinentes. Realizou-se uma abordagem inicial sobre as modalidades de controle da Administração Pública para, posteriormente, pormenorizar as características do controle legislativo, do judiciário e do exercido tecnicamente pelo Tribunal de Contas. Conclui-se que, no contexto do policy cycle, é essencial a ideia de accountability, haja vista que pressupõe um controle, transparência e prestação de contas do atuar público. Desse modo, todas as fases do policy cycle devem ser observadas e, em especial, a fase de controle e avaliação, pois é por meio desta que é possível aferir se as Políticas Públicas estão cumprindo sua finalidade: ser mecanismo de concretização dos direitos fundamentais.
Reconsidering 4Q24 (4QLeviticusb): Two Manuscripts and a New Fragment
Authors: Tigchelaar Eibert
Published: December 2020

The different scribal hands show that the Qumran Cave 4 manuscript 4Q24 (4QLevb) actually consists of two different manuscripts: a first-century BCE manuscript with parts of Leviticus 1–3 (4Q24a), and a second-century BCE manuscript (4Q24b) with sections of Leviticus 21–25. Two hitherto unidentified fragments are assigned to Lev 25:44–46 in 4Q24b.