bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acetabular Fractures with Central Hip Dislocation: A Retrospective Consecutive 50 Case Series Study Based on AO/OTA 2018 Classification in Midterm Follow‐Up
Authors: Chen Chun-Yen , Hsu Chin-Jung , Lin Tsung-Li , Chen Hsien-Te , Tsai Chun-Hao
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Management of acetabular fractures is challenging, especially when a medial acetabular fracture is complicated by central hip dislocation. We retrospectively investigated the clinical outcome and risk factors of secondary hip osteoarthritis requiring total hip arthroplasty after the surgical treatment of acetabular fractures with central hip dislocation. Materials and Methods. The medical records of all patients who had acetabular medial wall fractures with central hip dislocation treated with open reduction and internal fixation by a single surgeon between January 2015 and June 2017 were reviewed. Surgical reduction was performed with the modified Stoppa with/without the Kocher‐Langenbeck (KL) approach. Patients were followed for a minimum of three years, and the Majeed scoring system was used for functional evaluation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of patients’ characteristics with the likelihood of advanced posttraumatic arthritis developing with conversion to total hip arthroplasty. Results. Fifty patients were included in this study, with disease classified as AO/OTA 2018 62B/62C. Thirty‐five patients (70%) had good or excellent Majeed pelvic scores. Eleven patients (22%) eventually received total hip arthroplasty because of end‐stage posttraumatic arthritis. Three risk factors identified for total hip arthroplasty were male sex, initial marginal impaction, and sciatic nerve injury. Kaplan‐Meier survivorship analysis estimated that the cumulative probability of free‐from‐end‐stage arthritis was 78% (95% confidence interval, 73%–90%) at the 5‐year follow‐up. Conclusion. Surgical fixation with the modified Stoppa and the KL approach for acetabular medial wall fractures with central hip dislocation is an effective approach with a satisfactory functional outcome. A prodromal factor was marginal impaction concomitant with articular damage. The trauma of high axial loading and the occupational distribution (males performing heavy manual labor and heavy lifting) with preoperative sciatic nerve injury increased the odds of developing end‐stage arthritis.
Minireview on Self-Healing Polymers: Versatility, Application, and Prospects
Authors: Rahman Md. Wasikur , Shefa Nawrin Rahman
Published: September 2021

Nature is blessed with self-healing properties. Mimicking nature is a traditional practice to innovate new classes of materials for researchers. In this practice, researchers made a revolutionary approach to innovate self-healing polymer (SHP) that can be used to treat damage-related losses. Different SHPs with various properties have been developed for a wide range of applications. SHPs unlocked the key to the taste of real life through their application and versatility in the sectors close to our day-by-day life of this age and the near future. In this study, we reviewed the scopes and prospects of the application of SHPs owing to different properties. Varieties of amazing properties made SHPs fit in different sectors such as construction, paint and coat, electronics, healthcare, textile, and automotive and aerospace. Similarly, due to having suitable functionality, SHPs can also be used in different industries. Therefore, it is high time to generalize the production of SHPs by suitable research and make sure the easy application for the welfare of human civilization and other living creatures.
The Influence of Prosocial and Antisocial Emotions on the Spread of Weibo Posts: A Study of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhang Bo , Xiao Pan , Yu Xiaohong
Published: September 2021

This study investigates the influences of the prosocial and antisocial tendency of Weibo users on post transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic. To overcome the deficiency of existing research on prosocial and antisocial emotions, we employ a web crawler technology to obtain post data from Weibo and identify texts with prosocial or antisocial emotions. We use SnowNLP to construct semantic dictionaries and training models. Our major findings include the following. First, through correlation analysis and negative binomial regression, we find that user posts with high intensity and prosocial emotion can trigger comments or forwarding behaviour. Second, the influence of antisocial emotion on Weibo comments, likes, and retweets are insignificant. Third, the general emotion about prosocial comments in Weibo also shows the emotion trend of prosocial comments. Overall, a major contribution of this paper is our focus on prosocial and antisocial emotions in cyberspace, providing a new perspective on emotion communication.
Idebenone-Activating Autophagic Degradation of α-Synuclein via Inhibition of AKT-mTOR Pathway in a SH-SY5Y-A53T Model of Parkinson’s Disease: A Network Pharmacological Approach
Authors: He Pei Kun , Gao Yu Yuan , Lyu Feng-Juan , Chen Jia Ning , Zhang Yu Hu , Nie Kun , Zhang Qing Xi , Huang Rui , Duan Qing Rui , Guo Man Li , Liu Zhi Hua , Huang He Ling , Ma Gui Xian , Wang Li Juan , Wang Li Min
Published: September 2021

Background. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, which currently lacks disease-modifying therapy to slow down its progression. Idebenone, a coenzyme Q10 (CQ10) analogue, is a well-known antioxidant and has been used to treat neurological disorders. However, the mechanism of Idebenone on PD has not been fully elucidated. This study aims to predict the potential targets of Idebenone and explore its therapeutic mechanism against PD. Method. We obtained potential therapeutic targets through database prediction, followed by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. Next, we constructed and analyzed a protein-protein interaction network (PPI) and a drug-target-pathway-disease network. A molecular docking test was conducted to identify the interactions between Idebenone and potential targets. Lastly, a PD cell line of SH-SY5Y overexpressing mutant α-synuclein was used to validate the molecular mechanism. Result. A total of 87 targets were identified based on network pharmacology. The enrichment analysis highlighted manipulation of MAP kinase activity and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway as potential pharmacological targets for Idebenone against PD. Additionally, molecular docking showed that AKT and MAPK could bind tightly with Idebenone. In the cell model of PD, Idebenone activated autophagy and promoted α-synuclein degradation by suppressing the AKT/mTOR pathway. Pretreating cells with chloroquine (CQ) to block autophagic flux could diminish the pharmacological effect of Idebenone to clear α-synuclein. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that Idebenone exerts its anti-PD effects by enhancing autophagy and clearance of α-synuclein, thus providing a theoretical and experimental basis for Idebenone therapy against PD.
The Combined Prognostic Significance of Alkaline Phosphatase and Intracranial Arterial Calcifications in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Erez Daniel , Fanadka Feda , Benchetrit Sydney , Cohen-Hagai Keren
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The prevalence of intracranial arterial calcification (ICAC) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients is about 90%, and its severity is correlated with age, hemodialysis vintage, and mineral bone disease. Elevated concentrations of calcium and phosphorus are not sufficient for medial calcification because of inhibition by pyrophosphate. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) promotes calcification by hydrolyzing extracellular pyrophosphate. Epigenetic mechanisms involving ALP inhibition by apabetalone were investigated as a potential target for preventing vascular calcifications (VCs). This study assessed the combined impact of VCs and elevated serum ALP on mortality among chronic HD patients. Methods: VCs represented by ICAC were measured simultaneously with mineral bone disease parameters including serum ALP of MHD patients who underwent noncontrast brain computed tomography from 2015 to 2018 in our institution. Results: This retrospective study included 150 MHD patients (mean age 71.3 ± 12.1 years, 60.1% male). Of the total cohort, 12 (7.8%) had no brain calcifications and 69 (45.1%) had multiple intracranial calcifications. Considering the patients with normal ALP and no calcification as the reference group yielded adjusted odds ratios for all-cause mortality of 4.6 (95% CI: 1.7–12.7) among patients with brain calcifications and normal ALP (p = 0.003) and odds ratios for all-cause mortality of 6.1 (95% CI: 2.1–17.7) among patients with brain calcifications and elevated ALP (p= 0.001). Conclusion: We found an independent association between ICAC and the risk of death among MHD patients. The combined effect of ICAC and elevated ALP was associated with a higher odds ratio for all-cause mortality in MHD patients and may contribute to the risk stratification of these patients.
The Exosomal MicroRNA Profile Is Responsible for the Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Transplantation-Induced Improvement of Functional Recovery after Stroke in Rats
Authors: Huang Lifa , Hua Lin , Zhang Xin
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The mechanism through which mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) enhance functional recovery in experimental models of stroke remains to be elucidated. This study was carried out to determine the microRNA (miRNA) profile elicited in response to MSC transplantation after stroke. Methods: This was an in vivo study on the effect of MSC transplantation on the exosomal miRNA profile in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced stroke. Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to MCAO surgery (model group), and half received a transplantation of MSCs (model + MSC group) isolated from rat bone marrow. A sham-operated group (Sham) was included as a control. After 7 days, the volume of the brain lesion and severity of the functional impairments were measured. Exosomes were isolated from blood plasma samples for miRNA transcriptome analysis by Illumina sequencing. Results: The MCAO surgery successfully induced infarcts and neurological deficits in the rats, whereas the MSC transplantation significantly repaired these impairments. Illumina sequencing identified 764 known miRNAs, including 135 that were differentially expressed in common between the model + MSC and model, model and Sham, and model + MSC and Sham groups, respectively. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the target genes of these miRNAs were associated with biological processes relevant to learning or memory and the development of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Pathway enrichment analysis identified a cluster of miRNAs (e.g., rno-miR-19b-3p, rno-miR-204-3p, rno-miR-125a-5p, rno-miR-672-3p, and rno-miR-667-3p) to be significantly related to the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription, mechanistic target of rapamycin, phosphoinositide 3-kinases–Akt, and insulin signaling pathways via their control of their gene targets. Conclusion: We confirmed that MSC transplantation repaired stroke-induced functional impairments in rats by regulating various pathways associated with nervous system protection and MSC differentiation through the deregulation of exosomal miRNAs.
Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury in Older Patients: Clinical Characteristics and Drug Analysis
Authors: Liu Wei , Lian Xing-ji , Chen Yuan-han , Zou Yi-ping , Lin Jie-shan , Wu Yan-hua , Yu Feng , Hu Wen-xue , Hao Wen-ke
Published: September 2021

Background: Information on older patients with hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (HA-AKI) and use of drugs is limited. Aim: This study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics, drug uses, and in-hospital outcomes of hospitalized older patients with HA-AKI. Methods: Patients aged ≥65 years who were hospitalized in medical wards were retrospectively analyzed. The study patients were divided into the HA-AKI and non-AKI groups based on the changes in serum creatinine. Disease incidence, risk factors, drug uses, and in-hospital outcomes were compared between the groups. Results: Of 26,710 older patients in medical wards, 4,491 (16.8%) developed HA-AKI. Older patients with HA-AKI had higher rates of multiple comorbidities and Charlson Comorbidity Index score than those without AKI (p < 0.001). In the HA-AKI group, the proportion of patients with prior use of drugs with possible nephrotoxicity was higher than that of patients with prior use of drugs with identified nephrotoxicity (p < 0.05). The proportions of patients with critical illness, use of nephrotoxic drugs, and the requirements of intensive care unit treatment, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and dialysis as well as in-hospital mortality and hospitalization duration and costs were higher in the HA-AKI than the non-AKI group; these increased with HA-AKI severity (all p for trend <0.001). With the increase in the number of patients with continued use of drugs with possible nephrotoxicity after HA-AKI, the clinical outcomes showed a tendency to worsen (p < 0.001). Moreover, HA-AKI incidence (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 10.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 8.27–12.74; p < 0.001), and nephrotoxic drugs exposure (adjusted OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.63–1.91; p < 0.001) had an association with an increased in-hospital mortality risk. Conclusion: AKI incidence was high among hospitalized older patients. Older patients with HA-AKI had worse in-hospital outcomes and higher resource utilization. Nephrotoxic drug exposure and HA-AKI incidence were associated with an increased in-hospital mortality risk.
Security for Mobile Agents: Trust Estimate for Platforms
Authors: Hassan Razouki , Abdellatif Hair
Published: September 2021

The mobile agent has been seen as a promising distributed computing technology. The mobility characteristic of mobile agent makes it to travel often in open network. In this scenario, it is obvious that the mobile agents are vulnerable to various security threats. Protecting free-roaming mobile agents from malicious host and from other mobile agents has drawn much attention in recent years. The protection of mobile agents is considered as one of the greatest challenges of security, because the platform of execution has access to all the components of the mobile agent. In this paper, we present a new architecture paradigm of mobile agents, which allows the separation of the implementation tasks of the agent and its security mechanisms. Our approach is based on using two strategies of adaptation to adapt the mobile agent security at runtime, depending on the sensitivity of the services required to perform the duties of the agent and the degree of confidence of the visited platforms.
Resonance Characteristics and Effective Parameters of New Left Hand Metamaterial
Authors: Rajni Rajni , Marwaha Anupma
Published: September 2021

It is essential to alter effective electromagnetic parameters of a material to enhance its response. In the present work, we propose a novel Left Hand Metamaterial (LHM) structure comprising dual turn spiral resonator (DTSR) and capacitance loaded strips (CLS). This structure is numerically explored to examine the resonance and effective material parameters i.e. permeability and permittivity. The negative refraction in the unit cell is confirmed with identification of double negative region (negative permittivity, ε and negative permeability, µ ) on placing the unit cell in a waveguide with well defined Perfect Electric Conduction/Perfect Magnetic Conduction boundary conditions.
Toward an Effective Combination of multiple Visual Features for Semantic Image Annotation
Authors: Minaoui B. , Oujaoura M. , Fakir M. , Sajieddine M.
Published: September 2021

In this paper we study the problem of combining low-level visual features for semantic image annotation. The problem is tackled with a two different approaches that combines texture, color and shape features via a Bayesian network classifier. In first approach, vector concatenation has been applied to combine the three low-level visual features. All three descriptors are normalized and merged into a unique vector used with single classifier. In the second approach, the three types of visual features are combined in parallel scheme via three classifiers. Each type of descriptors is used separately with single classifier. The experimental results show that the semantic image annotation accuracy is higher when the second approach is used.
OFDM PAPR Reduction Using Recurring SLM with Cyclic and Linear Block Codes Schemes
Authors: Manhas Pratima , Soni M.K
Published: September 2021

Orthogonal Frequency division multiplexing is a type of multicarrier modulation technique which is used in various wireless & telecommunication standards. In OFDM, higher data rate is split into several narrowband data stream that is transmitted simultaneously over a number of subcarriers.  One major disadvantage of using OFDM is high Peak to Average power ratio. This paper presents the simulation result which compares the PAPR using SLM with Cyclic & Linear block codes. The simulation study verifies that the PAPR reduction by proposed method is better than the existing technique (SLM).
Study of Necessities and Technologies for Using Hybrid Photovoltaic-Wind Power Systems
Authors: Dorahaki Sobhan
Published: September 2021

In recent years, increase in environment concerns and demand for energy are two main issues in ongoing growth of using solar systems. Solar energy has been known as a renewable and clean energy source. One of the most applied and new ways for using sun energy is hybrid photovoltaic technology. This paper discusses requirements, methods, limitations and technologies used in the hybrid photovoltaic-wind power system.
Design of the Monitoring System for Subway Platform Screen Doors Based on CAN Bus
Authors: Hu Caiqi
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the application layer communication protocol of CAN bus and the monitoring system for subway platform screen doors are proposed.The system framework is built, hardware of every function module for this system is selected, and the monitoring platform of epigynous machine is designed. On the basis of the above work the communication function of the monitoring system is realized, and specific flow chart s given. This system has been tested at a subway line in Shanghai. And the results prove that the system is in full compliance with industry standards and can  completely meet the application requirements. The architecture plan of the system is practically proven to be valid and feasible.
Contribution to the Security of the Information System
Authors: Charke A. Ben , Chabi M. , Fakir M.
Published: September 2021

Security of information systems has become a critical problem of companies. In this paper, the principles of security and the description of some attacks that threatening the information system are given. After Techniques of cryptography, digital signature to ensure the confidentiality, integrity and authentication of data, are described. Some security protocol such as Secure Shell (SSH), Secure Socket Layer (SSL), Internet Protocol SECure (IPSEC), in order to ensure the security of connection resources, are described. Intrusion detection is implemented using free IDS "SNORT" software.
JADE Multi-agent Middleware Applied to Contribute to Certificate Management of Students
Authors: Aityacine Fatiha , Hssina Badr , Bouikhalene Belaid
Published: September 2021

In this article, we present a multi-agent approach that aims to design, modeling and implementation of an application "smart school". Indeed Several institutions adopt the computerized management of education to meet the needs of students using multi-agent systems. They have the ability to act simultaneously in a shared environment. The purpose of this approach is to automate some administrative services of education, based on the theory of distributed artificial intelligence (DAI) and multi-agent systems (MAS). This multi-agent application integrates entities called agents that cooperate and communicate them to perform specific tasks. Our system is based on the middleware JADE (Java Agent DEvelopment Framework) used for the implementation and agents management. This model based on multi-agent systems is tested on the personal data of an experiment conducted with the students of Sultan Moulay Slimane University in Beni Mellal.
Optimal Placement of Sensors in Mission-specific Mobile Sensor Networks
Authors: Ouchitachen Hicham , Hair Abdellatif , Idrissi Najlae
Published: September 2021

Placement of nodes has been the major challenge in wireless sensor networks. The data reported from a sensor is only useful when the position of that sensor is found. In this context, several techniques have been proposed to conserve power consumption and to prolong the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm that accurately finds the best locations of sensors while minimizing the average energy consumed in the network. More precisely, we consider a critical network in each sensor satisfying its own missions and depending on its locations. In addition to fulfill their mission, the sensor tries to maintain a good neighboring nodes quality. we determine the location of node by using two criteria: the cost and the quality of communication. The aim of this work is to develop a new algorithm so as to solve the complicated optimization problem posed in this case while minimize the total energy consumption. Our simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm is very advantageous in terms of convergence to the appropriate locations.
Technologies used in Smart Grid to implement Power Distribution System
Authors: Larik Raja Masood , Mustafa Mohd Wazir
Published: September 2021

<span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Recently, the debate has been going on about the role of power plus distribution systems, its technologies for future smart grids in power systems. The emerging of new technologies in smart grid and power distribution systems provide a significant change in terms of reduction the commercial and technical losses, improve the rationalization of electricity tariff. The new technologies in smart grid systems have different capabilities to increase the technological efficiency in power distribution systems. These new technologies are the foreseeable solution to address the power system issues. This paper gives a brief detail of new technologies in smart grid systems for its power distribution systems, benefits and recent challenges. The paper provides a brief detail for new researchers and engineers about new technologies in smart grid systems and how to change traditional distribution systems into new smart systems.
Quantitative Analysis of Plant Growth Exposed to Electric Fields
Authors: Ahmad Hussein , Ahmad Mohd Hafizi , Awang Noor 'Aliaa , Zakaria Izzah Hazirah
Published: September 2021

Electromagnetic radiations present in the environment has a profound effect on the growth of vegetable plant primarily grown under the high power transmission lines. The high electric field generated due to ultra high voltage causes the increase and reduction in the size of the plants. Numerous research have been carried out to investigate the effect of electric field on the plants. However, the knowledge in term of quantitative analysis on the effect of electric field on the growth of vegetables is not entirely understood. Thus, this paper presents a study conducted to investigate the effect of high voltage DC electric fields on the young vegetables growth namely ‘Choy Sam’ and bean sprout. The experimental setup was designed which composed of two parallel plate electrodes. This research was focused on the percentage of germination and growing rate of young vegetables. The growth of the young vegetables during exposure was calculated by using statistical methods. The analysis of the results showed that the electric fields and the electric fields treated water have influenced the germination rate and height of stems of both young vegetables causing the increase in stem height.

 
Application of Power Matrix Technique for Controlling DFIG Wind Turbine System
Authors: Jabeer Basha S. , Rao Burthi Loveswara
Published: September 2021

With advance in usage of wind turbine technologies, as compared with other renewable sources the cost of wind turbine becomes competitive. Due to this economic problem, other disadvantages and by considering the global warming, the utilization of wind turbine has increased since last decade. For maintain the active power at constant, the use of Doubly-Fed Induction Generators with Energy Storage System like super capacitor (or) batteries can be used, with a two layer control scheme. This paper presents a novel concept for controlling doubly fed induction generator called power transfer matrix. This power transfer matrix technique is designed based on the instantaneous values of active and reactive power of the system. In order to protect the DFIG during fault conditions a matrix converter scheme based power/current controller is presented.
Effects of Parameters Variation in Fuzzy based Induction Motor Drives
Authors: Sulaiman Marizan , Salleh Zulhisyam , Omar Rosli
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the effects of parameters variation over the speed response of vector controlled induction motor drives for high performance applications. The design and simulation of fuzzy logic controller are considered based on design case constant parameter fuzzy logic (DCCPFL) controller. The scaling factors for DCCPFL controller are calculated based on identified motor parameter. The performance of the DCCPFL is compared with conventional PI controller. Three different parameters is tested under no-load and loaded conditions namely rotor resistance, inertia and self-inductance. From the simulation results, it is proved that the DCCPFL have better performance in term of different parameter variations and also load disturbances. Thus the DCCPFL is appropriate to replace the conventional PI for high performance of induction motor drives system.
Research on the Glass Silicon Anodic Direct Bonding Parameters
Authors: Li Jia , Hao Guo , Zhiping Guo , Shujing Miao
Published: September 2021

By MEMS packaging test platform for bonding process of bonding temperature and bonding time,and test silicon specifications experimental study.Firstly,according to the anodic bonding principle,the main factors to detemine the effect of bonding quality.Secodly,change the bonding temperature,bonding time,and test wafer size and other parameters,glass silicon bonding contrast test.Finally,the calculation and analysis of comparative test of each group is bonded porosity,summanrized the factors that affect the quality of the bonding and bonding to achieve the best results in the bonding conditions.Experimental results indicate that when the bonding voltage of 1200V,bonding temperature of 445-455c,bonding time is 60s,the void fractin is less than 5%.Glass and Silicon wafer bonding quality can achieve the best. The experimental results in order to improve the glass silicon bonding quaity provides the basis.
Sufficient Authentication for Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Riaz SK. , Srirammanoj V.
Published: September 2021

Given the understanding of the prospective WSN programs and because of source restrictions, key management emerges as a complicated problem for WSNs. One of the main issues when developing a key management scheme is the system scalability. Indeed, the method should assistance a huge number of nodes to allow a large range implementation of the system. In this paper we implemented a performance trade-off research of power intake vs. We urbanized a novel probability style to evaluate the best redundancy stage in terms of direction redundancy (mp) and resource redundancy (ms), as well as the best attack identification configurations with regards to the number of voters (m) and the attack incantation interval under which the life-time of a heterogeneous wireless sensor network is optimized while fulfilling the stability, timeliness and protection specifications of question processing applications in the existence of untrustworthy wireless communication and harmful nodes. Lastly, we used our analysis outcomes to the style of powerful redundancy management criteria to recognize and implement the best design parameter configurations at playback in reaction to environment changes to extend the program life-time.
Combining Fuzzy Logic and Dempster-Shafer Theory
Authors: Maseleno Andino , Hasan Md. Mahmud , Tuah Norjaidi
Published: September 2021

This research aims to combine the mathematical theory of evidence with the rule based logics to refine the predictable output. Integrating Fuzzy Logic and Dempster-Shafer theory by calculating the similarity between Fuzzy membership function. The novelty aspect of this work is that basic probability assignment is proposed based on the similarity measure between membership function. The similarity between Fuzzy membership function is calculated to get a basic probability assignment. The Dempster-Shafer mathematical theory of evidence has attracted considerable attention as a promising method of dealing with some of the basic problems arising in combination of evidence and data fusion. Dempster-Shafer theory provides the ability to deal with ignorance and missing information. The foundation of Fuzzy logic is natural language which can help to make full use of expert information.
Conservadorismo e masculinidade tóxica na cultura gamer: uma aproximação a Magic: The Gathering
Authors: Falcão Thiago , Macedo Tarcizio , Kurtz Gabriela
Published: September 2021

A partir de um esforço etnográfico empreendido entre os anos de 2016 e 2020, este artigo problematiza a encenação de uma masculinidade tóxica dentro de espaços de convívio relacionados ao card game Magic: The Gathering. O objetivo é sugerir uma relação entre os comportamentos observados e o reforço de valores conservadores na comunidade formada a partir da experiência deste jogo, avançando na compreensão das dinâmicas sociais da cultura gamer. Essa observação parte do pressuposto de que a comunidade de jogadores formada a partir da experiência desse jogo é o resultado da articulação de dois contextos sociotécnicos particulares: a cultura nerd e as mecânicas inscritas no design e na experiência do jogo em si.
Tradição e vanguarda na pesquisa em comunicação
Authors: Matheus Leticia Cantarela , Amaral Maria Cristina Guimarães Rosa do
Published: September 2021

Resenha do livro Comunicação e Método: Cenário e Práticas de Pesquisa, lançado no final de 2020, no qual Marialva Barbosa aponta tendências metodológicas na pesquisa em comunicação a partir de 109 teses defendidas em 2017 em programas de pós-graduação nota 5 ou superior. A autora tipifica quatro modelos-síntese para essas tendências, defende uma escrita comunicacional ensaística, um trabalho intelectual de interpretação e transformação da realidade social e estabelece a distinção entre as técnicas analíticas e o desenho teórico-metodológico de uma pesquisa.
De seguidores de tendências à disrupção – uma lição (mal aprendida) que a ciência tem nos trazido há pelo menos um século
Authors: Benevenuto Danielle
Published: September 2021

A atualização é um passo que a pandemia por Covid-19, com seus desafios de isolamento social, ajudou a catalisar na prática docente. Mas ainda lidamos com resistências cognitivas ao processo de Ensino e Aprendizagem mediado por tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs), como se a tecnologia consistisse em uma ameaça e se propusesse a substituir os fundamentos de uma Educação genuína.
Porém, para que a Educação supere sua longa adolescência problemática com a exponencialidade dos avanços tecnológicos, é necessário que os seus operadores atuem de maneira proativa, passando da condição de meros seguidores de tendências a propositores de soluções, demandando, inclusive, as necessárias atualizações tecnológicas quando pertinentes (equalização ou inversão do ritmo de avanço entre as duas áreas).
Este salto desejado/esperado apenas será desencadeado quando o foco de transformação das técnicas e métodos passar da perspectiva extrínseca para a intrínseca, em direção a um modelo mental aberto e flexível, de bases referenciais sistêmicas e uma subjetividade não-linear. Em outras palavras, a devida virtualização (no sentido que Pierre Lévy elucida) da Educação só se efetivará quando o corpo docente estiver capacitado a realizar processos cognitivos estruturados na noção de complexidade.
Pandemias ou outros eventos e adventos não nos pegariam desprevenidos se fôssemos e nos mantivéssemos motivados ao novo. Viveremos e trabalharemos seguros na insegurança quando, enfim, virtualizarmos a nossa consciência.
Buscar resolver esse problema fundamental e definitivo da Educação – até enquanto precursora de fato da transformação social e antropológica – deve ser o desafio empreendido pelas grandes Universidades, legítimos campos de pioneirismo embrionário das práticas e conhecimentos. As Universidades precisam transformar-se em ambiente propício à cultura de reinvenção e inovação permanente – principal e prioritariamente, do seu core business, a Educação Superior emancipatória –, independentemente dos meios e métodos disponíveis na temporalidade.
Uma mudança importante de perspectiva está emergindo a fórceps, e esperamos que titubeios ou princípios de resistência possam ser neutralizados com a ajuda dos argumentos aqui apresentados.
Aging and Hypercholesterolemia Differentially Affect the Unfolded Protein Response in the Vasculature of
ApoE
−/−
Mice
Authors: Zhou Yuxiang , Wan Xueping , Seidel Kerstin , Zhang Mo , Goodman Jena B. , Seta Francesca , Hamburg Naomi , Han Jingyan
Published: September 2021

Background

Persistent activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) induces vascular cell apoptosis, contributing to atherogenesis. Aging and hypercholesterolemia are 2 independent proatherogenic factors. How they affect vascular UPR signaling remains unclear.

Methods and Results

Transcriptome analysis of aortic tissues from high fat diet–fed and aged
ApoE
−/−
mice revealed 50 overlapping genes enriched for endoplasmic reticulum stress‐ and UPR‐related pathways. Aortae from control, Western diet (WD)–fed, and aged
ApoE
−/−
mice were assayed for (1) 3 branches of UPR signaling (pancreatic ER eIF2‐alpha kinase /alpha subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1/activating transcription factor 4, inositol‐requiring enzyme 1 alpha/XBP1s, activating transcription factor 6); (2) UPR‐mediated protective adaptation (upregulation of immunoglobulin heavy chain‐binding protein and protein disulfide isomerase); and (3) UPR‐mediated apoptosis (induction of C/EBP homologous transcription factor, p‐JNK, and cleaved caspase‐3). Aortic UPR signaling was differentially regulated in the aged and WD‐fed groups. Consumption of WD activated all 3 UPR branches; in the aged aorta, only the ATF6α arm was activated, but it was 10 times higher than that in the WD group. BiP and protein disulfide isomerase protein levels were significantly decreased only in the aged aorta despite a 5‐fold increase in their mRNA levels. Importantly, the aortae of aged mice exhibited a substantially enhanced proapoptotic UPR compared with that of WD‐fed mice. In lung tissues, UPR activation and the resultant adaptive/apoptotic responses were not significantly different between the 2 groups.

Conclusions

Using a mouse model of atherosclerosis, this study provides the first in vivo evidence that aging and an atherogenic diet activate differential aortic UPR pathways, leading to distinct vascular responses. Compared with dietary intervention, aging is associated with impaired endoplasmic reticulum protein folding and increased aortic apoptosis.
Long‐Term Mortality Associated With Use of Carvedilol Versus Metoprolol in Heart Failure Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Schwartz Brian , Pierce Colin , Madelaire Christian , Schou Morten , Kristensen Søren Lund , Gislason Gunnar H. , Køber Lars , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Andersson Charlotte
Published: September 2021

Background

Carvedilol may have favorable glycemic properties compared with metoprolol, but it is unknown if carvedilol has mortality benefit over metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Methods and Results

Using Danish nationwide databases between 2010 and 2018, we followed patients with new‐onset HFrEF treated with either carvedilol or metoprolol for all‐cause mortality until the end of 2018. Follow‐up started 120 days after initial HFrEF diagnosis to allow initiation of guideline‐directed medical therapy. There were 39 260 patients on carvedilol or metoprolol at baseline (mean age 70.8 years, 35% women), of which 9355 (24%) had T2D. Carvedilol was used in 2989 (32%) patients with T2D and 10 411 (35%) of patients without T2D. Users of carvedilol had a lower prevalence of atrial fibrillation (20% versus 35%), but other characteristics appeared well‐balanced between the groups. Totally 11 306 (29%) were deceased by the end of follow‐up. We observed no mortality differences between carvedilol and metoprolol, multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.97 (0.90–1.05) in patients with T2D versus 1.00 (0.95–1.05) for those without T2D,
P
for difference =0.99. Rates of new‐onset T2D were lower in users of carvedilol versus metoprolol; age, sex, and calendar year adjusted HR 0.83 (0.75–0.91),
P
<0.0001.

Conclusions

In a contemporary clinical cohort of HFrEF patients with and without T2D, carvedilol was not associated with a reduction in long‐term mortality compared with metoprolol. However, carvedilol was associated with lowered risk of new‐onset T2D supporting the assertion that carvedilol has a more favorable metabolic profile than metoprolol.
Evolving Diagnostic Criteria for Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Corrado Domenico , Zorzi Alessandro , Cipriani Alberto , Bauce Barbara , Bariani Riccardo , Beffagna Giorgia , De Lazzari Manuel , Migliore Federico , Pilichou Kalliopi , Rampazzo Alessandra , Rigato Ilaria , Rizzo Stefania , Thiene Gaetano , Perazzolo Marra Martina , Basso Cristina
Published: September 2021

Criteria for diagnosis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) were first proposed in 1994 and revised in 2010 by a Task Force. Although the Task Force criteria demonstrated a good accuracy for diagnosis of the original right ventricular phenotype (arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy), they lacked sensitivity for identification of the expanding phenotypic spectrum of ACM, which includes left‐sided variants and did not incorporate late‐gadolinium enhancement findings by cardiac magnetic resonance. The 2020 International criteria (“Padua criteria”) have been developed by International experts with the aim to improve the diagnosis of ACM by providing new criteria for the diagnosis of left ventricular phenotypic features. The key upgrade was the incorporation of tissue characterization findings by cardiac magnetic resonance for noninvasive detection of late‐gadolinium enhancement/myocardial fibrosis that are determinants for characterization of arrhythmogenic biventricular and left ventricular cardiomyopathy. The 2020 International criteria are heavily dependent on cardiac magnetic resonance, which has become mandatory to characterize the ACM phenotype and to exclude other diagnoses. New criteria regarding left ventricular depolarization and repolarization ECG abnormalities and ventricular arrhythmias of left ventricular origin were also provided. This article reviews the evolving approach to diagnosis of ACM, going back to the 1994 and 2010 International Task Force criteria and then grapple with the modern 2020 International criteria.
Regeneration of vascular tissue through redifferentiation of interxylary phloem after complete girdling in Aquilaria sinensis
Authors: Luo Bei , Yoshinaga Arata , Awano Tatsuya , Takabe Keiji , Itoh Takao
Published: September 2021

We studied the time-course of stem response for six months following complete girdling in branches of Aquilaria sinensis to determine the potential role of interxylary phloem (IP) in this response. It was found that the vascular cambium, as well as its derivative secondary xylem and phloem, regenerated fully through redifferentiation of IP. We confirmed that vascular cambium regenerated within one month after girdling based on observation of new vessels, IP, and secondary phloem fibers. The time-course study showed that IPs made connections with each other, merged, and became larger through the proliferation of IPs parenchyma cells and the cleaving of secondary xylem in a narrow zone 400 to 1000 μm deep inside the girdled edge. This led to the formation of a complete circular sheath of vascular cambium, followed by the regeneration of vascular tissue. It is worth noting that the secondary xylem is regenerated always following the formation of a thick belt of wound xylem.
Impact of Wave–Vortical Interactions on Oceanic Submesoscale Lateral Dispersion
Authors: Hernández-Dueñas Gerardo , Lelong M.-Pascale , Smith Leslie M.
Published: September 2021

Submesoscale lateral transport of Lagrangian particles in pycnocline conditions is investigated by means of idealized numerical simulations with reduced-interaction models. Using a projection technique, the models are formulated in terms of wave-mode and vortical-mode nonlinear interactions, and they range in complexity from full Boussinesq to waves-only and vortical-modes-only (QG) models. We find that, on these scales, most of the dispersion is done by vortical motions, but waves cannot be discounted because they play an important, albeit indirect, role. In particular, we show that waves are instrumental in filling out the spectra of vortical-mode energy at smaller scales through nonresonant vortex–wave–wave triad interactions. We demonstrate that a richer spectrum of vortical modes in the presence of waves enhances the effective lateral diffusivity, relative to QG. Waves also transfer energy upscale to vertically sheared horizontal flows that are a key ingredient for internal-wave shear dispersion. In the waves-only model, the dispersion rate is an order of magnitude smaller and is attributed entirely to internal-wave shear dispersion.
Impact of Pharmacist Education on Incoming Medical Residents
Authors: Hamilton Leslie A. , Behal Michael L. , Metheny William P.
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The graduating medical student transitioning to the role of a first-year medical resident is expected to know the proper medications and dosages for routine patient conditions. Pharmacists on an interdisciplinary health care team can be effective teachers of medical residents. Given the small amount of pharmacy-based education included in medical school curricula, it is important that medical residents have a basic foundation of pharmacotherapeutic knowledge. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a pharmacist-led education session in improving medical resident pharmacotherapy knowledge. Methods: During orientation in 2016 to 2019, first-year medical residents completed an 8-item pre-test assessing their choices of medications and dosages on 8 patient conditions. A post-test assessing these same items was taken after a 50-minute lecture from a pharmacist experienced in resident education. First-year medical residents at a separate institution within the university system completed the pre-test only. Results: Overall, 243 medical residents received the lecture and took both tests and 170 medical residents at the other institution completed the pre-test only (100% response rate). Using descriptive statistics, the 2 groups of medical residents were comparable in age, gender, and scores on the pre-test. Medical residents receiving the lecture showed an average 32% point change improvement in performance on the post-test. The pharmacist-led lecture consistently received the highest ratings (4.7 ± 0.5 out of 5) from residents of all the orientation topics presented. Conclusions: A pharmacist-led education session increased the pharmacotherapy knowledge of first-year medical residents at their resident orientation. Medical residents value reinforcement of basic pharmacotherapy knowledge to start their training.
Physical Activity Promotion for School-Age Children With Disabilities
Authors: Yun Joonkoo , Sur Myung Ha , Shapiro Deborah R.
Published: September 2021

Physical activity (PA) promotion for children with disabilities tends to be less of a priority in physical education teacher education programs when compared with a focus on motor and sport-specific skills and strategies. As a result, physical education teachers tend to have less competence in promoting PA of students with disabilities, leaving students with disabilities to feel disconnected from the physical education class. Students with a disability subsequently are likely not to benefit from physical education in terms of PA participation. This paper aims to provide guidelines and strategies to promote PA in inclusive physical education settings. In this paper, we define PA and provide specific strategies grounded in self-determination theory and the socioecological model to promote PA during physical education class. Strategies proposed include (a) selection of disability sport and instructional models, (b) grouping practices to facilitate relatedness, skill development, and participation, (c) approaches to increase choice and encourage decision making, and (d) use of goal setting and self-evaluation.
What is hiding behind the money accumulating in Utah?
Authors: Tenenbaum Howard
Published: September 2021

Taking up the geographer's task of following and defetishizing the commodity, this research taps into the United States (US) federal banking data to locate the commodity “money”. Law is used to specify money's locations. Relative to the size of its economy, Utah's banks report a lopsided share of US money. This paper unmasks important social relations embedded in the money commodities located in Utah's banks by tracing the history of US banking law, which has played a leading role in the processes responsible for Utah's outsized share of the sub-national monetary landscape. Banking law determined the scope and type of business in which banking firms and their corporate affiliates could engage. Throughout the 20th century, investment banks and commercial firms struggled to claim legal rights to engage in business combinations once deemed illegal: combining non-banking business with a commercial bank. The state of Utah, in coordination with financial and commercial firms, has expanded the legal and financial space of Industrial Loan Banks (ILBs), historically idiosyncratic chartered banks exempt from regulations separating banking firms from non-banking business. Utah marketed their banking charters to global, systemically important financial institutions and large commercial conglomerates, which then established or acquired ILB subsidiaries within the state. From Utah, the die had been cast: the largest non-banking firms on the planet were now legally empowered to accumulate capital in ways that had heretofore been forbidden at other locations. American banking had been transformed.
Israelite or Moabite? Ethnicity in the book of Ruth
Authors: Thambyrajah Jonathan A.
Published: September 2021

Scholarship on ethnicity in the book of Ruth has taken it as axiomatic that Ruth is transformed (at least partially) into an Israelite by the end of the book. This article argues on narrative grounds that the book of Ruth continues to present Ruth as a Moabite, even at the book’s end. Moreover, scholarship has been mistaken in attempting to force an ancient text to function according to modern constructivist assumptions about ethnicity. Although from our perspective as modern readers, Ruth may undergo changes that would qualify as ethnic transformation, the book of Ruth describes her change in social and kinship terms, rather than ethnic ones: the text itself does not imply that Ruth ceases to be a Moabite.