bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Du Japon à l’Europe, changement de statut de l’estampe ukiyo-e
Authors: Bayou Hélène
Published: September 2015

Well reproduced Japanese prints, releasing subject matter from deep links with purely academical grounds, can be perceived as one dimension of ‘ popular imagery’ since they offered a series of pictures which were easily accessible from all points of view, even that of aesthetic pleasure, to a wide range of social classes during the Edo period. The creation of these ‘ Floating World Images’ emerged from attempts to seize the moment and its worldly reality in its true fugacity. They were seldom collected in Japan before the end of the 19th century. When they arrived on the European art market in the second half of the 19th century, they were immediately conferred a completely different status ; admired with covetous eyes or seen as long-term collections, they convey extremely diverse aesthetic points of view. Their compilation and exhibition are the expression of a desire to write a new chapter of art history.
Les provinces de la nuit : quelques nocturnes de Kobayashi Kiyochika (1847-1915)
Authors: Lachaud François
Published: September 2015

This short essay examines a series of Tōkyō nightscapes composed during the Meiji era (1868-1912) by one of the modern masters in printmaking: Kobayashi Kiyochika. His predilection for night scenes originates in his attempt to express the singular discontent triggered by the brutal advent of modern times in Japan. Long considered a “popular” genre, Kiyochika brought ukiyo-e to new heights of social awareness, and transformed his prints into expressions of disillusion. A firsthand witness of the relentless transition from the Ancient Régime to a new society submitted to intense Westernization and to turbulences of great magnitude shaking its traditional values, Kiyochika’s “ conservative modernism” makes it possible – alongside the work of other artists who were subject to similar experiences – to reconsider visual representations of historical disquiet, and the implications of the melancholy of modern times.
Mourir en scène : les portraits nécrologiques d’acteurs de kabuki au milieu du XIXe siècle
Authors: Faury Julien
Published: September 2015

La catégorie couramment désignée par le terme de shini-e (littéralement : image de défunt) regroupe un ensemble d’estampes de kabuki réalisées pour commémorer le décès des grands acteurs du genre, principalement au cours du XIXe siècle qui vit toute une génération d’artistes talentueux quitter ce monde. Assurant une fonction d’hommage posthume mais constituant également de véritables baromètres de la popularité de l’acteur à travers leur valeur commerciale, ces portraits nécrologiques représentent des scènes imaginaires du devenir postmortem de l’intéressé, non sans parodier parfois les images classiques de l’au-delà bouddhique. Le présent article propose une analyse de plusieurs estampes issues de cette période prolixe en les classant dans l’ordre du cheminement qu’effectue le défunt vers son dernier séjour, partant du passage vers l’au-delà où la continuité du monde des vivants avec celui des morts est mise en valeur, pour ensuite passer aux scènes faisant figurer l’acteur à la croisée des six voies de renaissance ou bien en représentation au milieu des démons infernaux. Les shini-e parviennent à illustrer les éléments marquants de la personnalité de chacun des acteurs tout en matérialisant les sentiments qui devaient animer leur public auquel s’adresse ce dernier message d’outre-tombe du défunt qui, à travers son poème d’adieu au monde ou ses salutations posthumes, semble vouloir nous dire que ce passage de l’autre côté n’est qu’un ultime artifice scénique parmi tant d’autres et qu’il faut y voir là un dernier costume endossé pour la postérité.
De la qipao au col Mao : richesse visuelle et thématique des magazines de cinéma chinois de la première moitié du XXe siècle
Authors: Kerlan-Stephens Anne
Published: September 2015

Together with the development of cinema in China, newspapers and fanzines dedicated to the « seventh art » made their appearance from 1921 on. This genre, which relied entirely on private funds, continued to exist until 1951, following all the intricacies of the chaotic history of Republican China. Extensively illustrated, these publications reflect the tastes of movie goers and their evolution, as well as the complex tie that existed between cinema and Chinese society at the time. The graphic richness of the magazine covers presented here allows a first presentation of this phenomenon.
De la parodie à la propagande. La résistance anticoloniale vue par les graphistes vietnamiens à partir des années 1950
Authors: Annesley Taylor Nora
Published: September 2015

In Hà-Nội in the 1950s, a number of Vietnamese painters produced a series of comic strips aimed at propagating the party ideology. These comic strips recounted the stories of the heroes of the resistance in pictures. Unfortunately, with the passage of time and political and economic changes in the country, these drawings were lost or forgotten. A handful resurfaced two years ago at an antique dealer’s shop and were acquired by a Bangkok collector which leads to the goal of this article. The aims are to reconstruct these drawings’ individual pasts and also question their fate. This essay will focus on one series in particular, The Story of Nguyễn Quốc An by Tôn Đức Lương in 1953. Trained at the Indochina School of Fine Arts, the artist adapted European drawing techniques for propaganda tactics. Easy for young readers and virtually illiterate audiences to understand, these comic strips found a purpose within party politics. They were abandoned in the 1960s with the wake of the war due to changes in political strategies and rediscovered in the 21st century.
Magnetic reversal dynamics of a quantum system on a picosecond timescale
Authors: Klenov Nikolay V , Kuznetsov Alexey V , Soloviev Igor I , Bakurskiy Sergey V , Tikhonova Olga V
Published: September 2015

We present our approach for a consistent, fully quantum mechanical description of the magnetization reversal process in natural and artificial atomic systems by means of short magnetic pulses. In terms of the simplest model of a two-level system with a magnetic moment, we analyze the possibility of a fast magnetization reversal on the picosecond timescale induced by oscillating or short unipolar magnetic pulses. We demonstrate the possibility of selective magnetization reversal of a superconducting flux qubit using a single flux quantum-based pulse and suggest a promising, rapid Λ-scheme for resonant implementation of this process. In addition, the magnetization reversal treatment is fulfilled within the framework of the macroscopic theory of the magnetic moment, which allows for the comparison and explanation of the quantum and classical behavior.
STRONG STABILITY PRESERVING MULTISTAGE INTEGRATION METHODS
Authors: Izzo Giuseppe , Jackiewicz Zdzislaw
Published: September 2015

In this paper we systematically investigate explicit strong stability preserving (SSP) multistage integration methods, a subclass of general linear methods (GLMs), of order p and stage order q ≤ p. Characterization of this class of SSP GLMs is given and examples of SSP methods of order p ≤ 4 and stage order q = 1, 2, . . . , p are provided. Numerical tests are reported which confirm that the constructed methods achieve the expected order of accuracy and preserve monotonicity.
MULTI-OBJECTIVE GEOMETRIC PROGRAMMING WITH VARYING PARAMETERS: APPLICATION IN WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Jana Mrinal , Panda Geetanjali
Published: September 2015

In this paper a general multi-objective geometric programming problem with interval parameters is proposed, and a methodology is developed to derive its solution. The model is transformed into a general geometric programming problem, and relation between the original problem and the transformed problem is established. Application of this discussion is illustrated in a waste water treatment model.
PARALLEL OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM FOR COMPETITIVE FACILITY LOCATION
Authors: Lančinskas Algirdas , Ortigosa Pilar Martinez , Žilinskas Julius
Published: September 2015

A stochastic search optimization algorithm is developed and applied to solve a bi-objective competitive facility location problem for firm expansion. Parallel versions of the developed algorithm for shared- and distributed-memory parallel computing systems are proposed and experimentally investigated by approximating the Pareto front of the competitive facility location problem of different scope. It is shown that the developed algorithm has advantages against its precursor in the sense of the precision of approximation. It is also shown that the proposed parallel versions of the algorithm have almost linear speed-up when solving competitive facility location problems of different scope reasonable for practical applications.
La identidad religiosa en el humanismo bíblico español: Pedro de Valencia y la integración judía e islámica
Authors: Nieto Ibáñez Jesús M.ª
Published: September 2015

La obra del humanista Pedro de Valencia pertenece al «humanismo biblista». Religión y política son inseparables en este autor. En la España del siglo XVI existía todavía una parte de la población que pensaba en clave judía o bien en clave islámica. La iglesia española del momento estaba haciendo un esfuerzo enorme por integrar dentro del catolicismo tradicional a los conversos de estas dos comunidades. En este conflicto se enmarcan las justificaciones de la identidad religiosa en varios escritos de Pedro de Valencia. El común denominador de los escritos comentados se resume en la idea de la unidad religiosa de judeoconversos y moriscos bajo la autoridad del rey como respuesta a los conflictos de la España de la época.
Left Atrial Appendage Thrombosis during Therapy with Rivaroxaban in Elective Cardioversion for Permanent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Serra Walter , Li Calzi Mauro , Coruzzi Paolo
Published: September 2015

Electric external cardioversion (EEC) for permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) carries a risk of thromboembolic events (TE). The use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to guide the management of atrial fibrillation may be considered a clinically effective alternative strategy to conventional therapy for patients in whom elective cardioversion is planned. Therapeutic anticoagulation with novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC) is recommended for 3 to 4 weeks before and an anticoagulation life-long therapy is recommended after EEC to reduce TE, in patients with high CHA2DS2-VASc score; however, only few data are currently available about safety of shortterm anticoagulation with NOAC in the setting of EEC. Patients with increased risk of thromboembolism have not been adequately studied and the monitoring of anticoagulant effects can also have important benefits in case of drug interactions. We report a case of a 68-year old man with AF from September 2014. Moderate depression of global left ventricular systolic function was detected by echocardiographic exam. On the basis of a high thromboembolic risk, an anticoagulant therapy with rivaroxaban, at the dose of 20 mg/day, was started. TEE showed a thrombus in the left atrial appendage. This case demonstrates the utility of performing TEE prior than EEC in patients with hypokinetic cardiomyopathy other than AF in therapy with NOAC. We underline the presence of significant pharmacodynamic interference of rivaroxaban with other drugs such as oxcarbazepine.
Effect of daily variation on the seasonality of testate amoebae community structure in different environments of a Neotropical floodplain
Authors: Fatoreto Schwind Leilane T. , Arrieira Rodrigo L. , Déo Dias Juliana , Ressyé Simões Nadson , Costa Bonecker Claudia , Lansac-Tôha Fabio A.
Published: September 2015

Ecological communities are constantly restructuring in the short and long term in response to population dynamics and environmental variables. This study evaluated the structure of arcellinid and euglyphid testate amoebae planktonic communities in three environments of the Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil. We hypothesised that the community structure of testate amoebae is differentially influenced by environmental conditions, mainly in isolated lentic ecosystems, due the effect of the low-water period. In addition, we predicted that the response of testate amoeba communities to environmental changes is also affected by the distinct hydrodynamic characteristics of the environment. Plankton were sampled in the low- and high-water periods, and physical and chemical variables were calculated for each site. In order to evaluate the influence of environmental conditions on the variation in testate amoebae community structure over time, a time-lag analytical approach was used and significance was estimated using a Mantel test. A Kendall test coefficient was used to estimate the maintenance of species abundance on each day when sampling was carried out and for each water body. A redundancy analysis was also performed to assess the responses of testate amoeba communities to environmental change in the three studied environments. Bray–Curtis dissimilarity indices were calculated for the testate amoeba communities and the significance of the differences between communities was estimated using a Mantel test. Seventy-five taxa belonging to six families were identified. Environmental conditions influenced the richness, abundance, and dominance pattern of the testate amoebae communities, and distinct hydrodynamic characteristics of the environments affected the establishment of community structure.
Development and evaluation of the Lake Multi-biotic Integrity Index for Dongting Lake, China
Authors: Wang Xing , Zheng Binghui , Liu Lusan , Wang Lijing
Published: September 2015

A Lake Multi-biotic Integrity Index (LMII) for the China’s second largest interior lake (Dongting Lake) was developed to assess the water quality status using algal and macroinvertebrate metrics. Algae and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages were sampled at 10 sections across 3 subregions of Dongting Lake. We used a stepwise process to evaluate properties of candidate metrics and selected ten for the LMII: Pampean diatom index, diatom quotient, trophic diatom index, relative abundance diatoms, Margalef index of algae, percent sensitive diatoms, % facultative individuals, % Chironomidae individuals, % predators individuals, and total number of macroinvertebrate taxa. We then tested the accuracy and feasibility of the LMII by comparing the correlation with physical-chemical parameters. Evaluation of the LMII showed that it discriminated well between reference and impaired sections and was strongly related to the major chemical and physical stressors (r = 0.766, P<0.001). The re-scored results from the 10 sections showed that the water quality of western Dongting Lake was good, while that of southern Dongting Lake was relatively good and whereas that of eastern Dongting Lake was poor. The discriminatory biocriteria of the LMII are suitable for the assessment of the water quality of Dongting Lake. Additionally, more metrics belonging to habitat, hydrology, physics and chemistry should be considered into the LMII, so as to establish comprehensive assessment system which can reflect the community structure of aquatic organisms, physical and chemical characteristics of water environment, human activities, and so on.
Water quality in Lake Xochimilco, Mexico: zooplankton indicators and Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Nandini Sarma , Ramirez García Pedro , Sarma S.S.S.
Published: September 2015

Lake Xochimilco is a eutrophic water body in Mexico City used by the local population for aquaculture and agriculture. Water level is maintained with inputs of partially treated waste water from the Cerro de la Estrella treatment plant. In this study we analysed the water quality at two sites of Lake Xochimilco, Lake Xaltocan and the Santa Cruz Canal using various indicators such as zooplankton diversity, saprobic indices, bacterial concentrations and physico-chemical variables. Eighty litres of water was filtered from Lake Xochimilco from each site, once a month from March to October of 2012, and the rotifers, cladocerans and copepods were enumerated and identified. Physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, Secchi depth, water depth, nitrogen and phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and bacterial densities were measured. During the study we recorded 33 species of rotifers, the most abundant being Brachionus angularis, B. calyciflorus and B. havanaensis.  Among the microcrustaceans the most abundant were the cladoceran Moina micrura and the copepods Acanthocyclops americanus and Arctodiaptomus dorsalis. The species diversity was around 2 bits/ind. and the saprobic index between 1.5-2.0, indicating that both sites were β meso-saprobic.  At both sites nitrogen was <1 mg/L and phosphorus ranged between 2.5-7.8 mg/L. Chlorophyll a concentrations were between 66-136 µg/L. The toxigenic (Vibrio cholerae No-O1/No-O139) and the non-toxigenic (Vibrio cholerae No-O135) strains of the bacterium were recorded, closely associated with littoral rotifers and cladocerans particularly Brachionus quadridentatus and  Alona sp. All variables indicate that these sites in Lake Xochimilco are eutrophic and highly contaminated and that the water quality needs to be improved.
Phenology of Daphnia in a Northern Italy pond during the weather anomalous 2014
Authors: Rossi Valeria , Maurone Catia , Benassi Giorgio , Marková Silvia , Kotlík Petr , Bellin Nicolò , Ferrari Ireneo
Published: September 2015

This note reports a comparison between Daphnia phenology in the weather anomalous 2014 and a previous three years period (2011-2013), in a shallow water body of Northern Italy (Bodrio del pastore III) where we recorded D. pulex. In 2011-2013, Daphnia population showed 1-2 density peaks from mid spring to early summer, it declined in July-August and did not recover, from ephippia, until the following spring. The seasonal dynamics was probably related to the species thermal tolerance. Males and ephippial females appeared at the beginning of growth season according to a typical feature of Daphnia populations from temporary habitats. The presence of the Chaoborus larvae resulted in juvenile adaptive predator-avoidance cyclomorphosis. In 2014, in the study area, mean winter air temperature was much warmer than average recorded during the past three years while it was much colder than average in July and August. This reflected the relatively rainy and cloudy summer months: the winter and summer precipitations total was above the previous three years average. In 2014, Daphnia was found all over the year and showed a maximum peak of density in November. The general increase of Daphnia was related to a shift in D. pulex population phenology, seasonal growth started earlier and lasted longer, and to the occurrence of D. longispina. Both species were identified by genetic markers and phylogenetic analyses of ND5 sequences placed isolates from the Bodrio del pastore III into the European D. pulex group. Both populations reproduced by cyclical parthenogenesis and showed cyclomorphosis. However, D. pulex produced more males and ephippial females than D. longispina. Their seasonal dynamics were quite different: D. longispina dominated in late summer while D. pulex showed the highest density in November. The presence of D. pulex in the Bodrio is important in the framework of conservation ecology especially because we have showed that it is native European strain instead of the invasive North American clone that replaced native D. pulex throughout Africa and was already recorded in Italy. We provide some indications and discuss how Daphnia phenology of shallow lakes of temperate areas may be susceptible to inter-annual variability in weather conditions.
Double origin of the racer goby (Babka gymnotrachelus) in Poland revealed with mitochondrial marker. Possible implications for the species alien/native status
Authors: Grabowski Michal , Hupało Kamil , Bylak Aneta , Kukuła Krzysztof , Grabowska Joanna
Published: September 2015

In mid-1990s racer goby, Babka gymnotrachelus, penetrated to the Vistula and Western Bug rivers in Poland through the canal connecting the Baltic and the Black Sea basins, namely the Vistula and Dnieper drainages. In early 2000s, the species was reported from Polish section of the Strwiąż River that is an affluent of the Dniester River that drains to the Black Sea basin. According to the Polish legislation, the racer goby has been enlisted in as an alien invasive species that may pose threat to local biota. Our analysis of the mtDNA cytochrome b diversity revealed that the Vistula/Western Bug and Strwiąż populations are different genetic units. First one originated from the Dnieper River, while the second derives from the Dniester River. According to the results of mismatch analysis, both are in the stage of demographic and spatial expansion. The haplotype frequencies in population from the Vistula/Western Bug differ significantly from those in the source population in Dnieper, suggesting founder effect, possibly due to human-mediated introduction of low number of individuals. On the other side, the population in Strwiąż does not differ in structure from the one in Dniester, providing a hint towards spontaneous range expansion. Interpretation of our results in light of historical data lead to the conclusion that presence of racer goby in Strwiąż was probably overlooked in previous, spatially limited, studies. Thus, in Strwiąż the species should not be treated as alien, contrary to its status in the Vistula drainage. This double origin of racer goby populations in Poland creates a peculiar situation for national legislation procedures as one population is alien and invasive, while the other one is not. In light of our findings, the population from Strwiąż should be recognised as a special case. Steps should be undertaken to raise public awareness to prevent translocation of the gobies between the rivers to prevent deterioration of the evolutionarily isolated genetic pools of the Dnieper and of the Dniester basins. Our results illustrate the need for case studies upon genetic population structure, following appearance of new species in previously unoccupied water bodies, even on local scale. 
A new species of Diaphanosoma Fischer, 1850 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Sididae) inhabits lakes of the western United States
Authors: Korovchinsky Nikolai M.
Published: September 2015

Diaphanosoma edmondsoni sp. nov.  is described from material from several lakes in Washington, California, and Montana. It differs from all other known species of the genus in having a specific combination of traits: a head with conspicuously protruding dorsal part, comparatively small eye shifted ventrally, specific armament of postero-ventral valve margin, lack of thorn(s) near posterior valve margin, comparatively long distal basal spine of postabdominal claws of slightly variable shape, and occasional presence of additional large spines on the claws. This is the first endemic species of the genus (and also of the family Sididae and order Ctenopoda) recorded in the western part of North America, which along with some other cladocerans form a group of taxa highlighting this region as one of the regional centers of endemic aquatic fauna. 
Evaluation of ecological quality in peri-urban rivers in Mexico City: a proposal for identifying and validating reference sites using benthic macroinvertebrates as indicators
Authors: Caro-Borrero Angela , Carmona Jiménez Javier , Mazari Hiriart Marisa
Published: September 2015

Conservation and management of aquatic ecosystems that are significantly influenced by urban activities requires the classification and establishment of potential reference sites. However, in Latin American countries, policies are not available that outlines the identification and evaluation of such sites. Therefore, this study represents a proposal for evaluating the ecological quality of peri-urban rivers in the conservation soil (CS) areas/zones of Mexico City. The proposal accounts for the zone’s physicochemical, hydromorphological, and bacteriological characteristics along with its macroinvertebrate richness. Our evaluation was performed using a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and indicator values (IndVal) calculated for different species. River headwaters serve/work as a good physicochemical point for potential references sites. However, the hydromorphology of the CS has been gradually modified by numerous hydraulic alterations within the peri-urban zone. Using the CCA and IndVal, two types of sites were confirmed: sites in a good state of conservation and quality and sites modified by human activity, featuring lower discharge flow, poor quality hydromorphological values and Oligochaeta class organisms. At the sites featuring a good state of conservation and quality, higher hydromorphological values were positively correlated with discharge flow and certain macroinvertebrate taxa, including Nemouridae, Podonominae, Tanypodinae, Acarina, Baetis, Tipula, Antocha, Atopsyche, Glossosoma, Polycentropus, Hesperophylax and Limnephilus. In the sites modified by human activity, the genus Simulium was classified as a disturbance-tolerant organism. The river reach within the urban zone is basically an open-air drainage ditch. Evaluations of the ecological quality of the riparian zone were used to identify the most important hydromorphological qualities and discharge flow parameters and to select the most appropriate factors that should be monitored in peri-urban rivers of the Mexico Basin. 
A Rare Case of Painful Goiter Secondary to Pediatric Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Requiring Thyroidectomy for Pain Control
Authors: Kashyap Liladhar , Alsaheel Abdulhameed , Walvekar Rohan , Simon Lawrence , Gomez Ricardo
Published: September 2015

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) usually presents as painless thyroid swelling. Painful pediatric HT is a rare condition with limited literature on pain management. We report a 15- year-old female who presented with 4 weeks history of fatigue, malaise and progressive, painful midline thyroid swelling. There was no difficulty in swallowing, no fever or recent upper respiratory infection symptoms. Exam was remarkable for diffusely enlarged, very tender, and non-nodular thyroid. Thyroid function tests, C-reactive protein, and complete blood count were normal. Ultrasound revealed diffusely enlarged non-nodular, non-cystic gland with mild increased vascularity. Diagnosis of HT was confirmed by biopsy and thyroid antibodies. Over a 6 week period, pain management with ibuprofen, levothyroxine, corticosteroid, gabapentin and amitriptyline was unsuccessful. Ultimately, total thyroidectomy resulted in complete resolution of thyroid pain. We can conclude that thyroidectomy may be considered for the rare case of painful HT in children.
Recurrent Rhino-Ocular-Cerebral Mucormycosis in a Leukemic Child: A Case Report and Review of Pediatric Literature
Authors: De Leonardis Francesco , Perillo Teresa , Giudice Giuseppe , Favia Gianfranco , Santoro Nicola
Published: September 2015

Mucormycosis is an uncommon but severe fungal infection, typically observed in immunocompromized patients. We report a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia complicated by rhino-oculo-cerebral mucormycosis in a pediatric patient. Combination lipid polyeneechinocandin therapy, along with surgical debridement appeared to be effective. Nevertheless, a severe relapse occurred during posaconazole prophylaxis; antifungal therapy, hemimaxillectomy and suspension of chemotherapy were performed. Although mucormycosis is a frequently lethal infection, prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment can be successful even in cases of relapse.
The critical role of relationship in education
Authors: Wessels Francois
Published: September 2015

A TED talk by Susan Savage-Rumbaugh entitled ‘The gentle genius of the bonobos’ tells the story of the learning ability of these gentle primates. Although these animals were never deliberately taught any skills – cognitive, linguistic or technical – they managed to learn a vast amount from the scientists in the program by just observing, experimenting and imitating them. And the key to this learning process was the significance these humans had in the lives of the bonobos. The relationship between the scientists and the bonobos was therefore key to the learning experience and the learning process. This reminded me of the success stories I have witnessed within our therapist training program at the counselling centre where I have been lecturing. We used to train pastoral therapists within the narrative paradigm. Within this paradigm, reality is considered to be socially constructed, thus emphasising the relational nature of identity, agency and knowledge. Aligning the ‘teaching methodology’ with this epistemology invariably requires a participatory approach to training, which in our context led to the adoption of seminars rather than lectures, and a conversational style of learning (with the lecturer – or more aptly, the facilitator – becoming a co-learner!). This article will now explore what the effect of relationship building as a deliberate prerequisite for learning might be on learner agency.
Ubuntu is homeless: An urban theological reflection
Authors: De Beer Stephanus F.
Published: September 2015

This article is reading ubuntu in the light of homelessness in the cities and towns of South Africa. It suggests that ubuntu itself is homeless and displaced as a way of being human together. Instead of the mediation of dignity and justice through an ubuntu-solidarity, street homeless people and others living vulnerably and in precarious circumstances are violated and excluded through a displacement of ubuntu-values. It also suggests a growing disconnect between the philosophy of ubuntu and its actual embodiment in the local urban political economy, local faith communities and local universities. Acknowledging the aspirational edge of ubuntu, the article then concludes to envision going beyond mere abstractions in the said spheres � the political economy, faith communities and local universities � in order to seek for concrete expressions of ubuntu-solidarity, asserting and mediating respect, dignity and justice.
‘See-through Fashion’ in Prenatal Diagnostic Imaging
Authors: Pooh Ritsuko K
Published: September 2015

Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound has remarkably contributed to prenatal diagnosis in fetal medicine. New applications of HDlive silhouette and HDlive flow show an inner cystic structure through the outer surface structure of the body and it can be appropriately named as ‘see-through fashion’. Picture of the month demonstrates the premature brain cavity of forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain as well as the fetal premature central nervous system vascularity toward the brain inside the outer surface structure of an 8-week-fetus. Thus, the advantages of this ‘see-through fashion’ imaging are comprehensive orientation and persuasive localization of inner morphological structure as well as of fetal angiostructure, and more accurate clinical information for prenatal diagnoses and proper perinatal management can be added.

How to cite this article

Pooh RK. ‘See-through Fashion’ in Prenatal Diagnostic Imaging. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(2):111.
Diagnosis of Congenital Anomalies during Routine Fetal Surveillance
Authors: Sylejmani Selami , Syla Bajram , Shala Sebahate
Published: September 2015

Background

Birth defects are common in human development. Approximately 3% of newborns have a recognizable major anomaly, and at least 5% will ultimately be diagnosed with a congenital defect. Because of improvements in other areas of prenatal care, birth defects are the single most common cause of perinatal mortality in developed countries, accounting 20 to 25% of perinatal deaths. Now, many genetic and other disorders can be diagnosed early in pregnancy. Screening examinations during pregnancy are an essential part of prenatal care. Among the various screening tests that are now offered to pregnant women, ultrasound (US) has the broadest diagnostic spectrum. There is no modality that can detect as many abnormalities during pregnancy as US. A priority goal in screening is the early detection of major fetal anomalies, which are defined as malformations that affect fetal viability and/or quality of life. During the past 10 years, some multicentric studies in Europe and USA show the successfulness of US diagnostics in detecting congenital abnormalities, even in women with low-risk pregnancy.

Definition of fetal anomalies

Any deviation from the normal range during morphogenesis, constitutes an anomaly. Major anomalies are malformations that affect viability and/or the quality of life and require intervention, and minor anomalies are malformations that are definitely present, but are minimal and usually have no functional significance (e.g. ear tags). Incidence data on major congenital anomalies vary considerably, depending on the type of detecting system used. The passive detection system reports 2 to 3% of newborns, meanwhile the active detection system, in which newborns are systematically examined by trained obstetricians, reports the incidence of congenital defects in 7.3% of all newborns.

Etiology

About 20% of anomalies in live-born infants are based on a defective gene, 10% are due to chromosomal abnormalities and 10% are mainly due to exogenous injury to the conceptus. Some 60% of all congenital anomalies are indeterminate or multifactorial causes (hereditary factors and environmental influences). Ultrasound can detect about 74% of major birth defects and possibly a higher number, when conducted by a well-trained specialist. We have demonstrated in this paper some fetal anomalies found by US during our practice in Kosovo. There are some different anomalies of almost all systems of the organs of the fetal body, some of them more frequent and some very rare anomalies.

Conclusion

Ultrasound diagnostic is a very useful method for evaluating the fetal health, fetal anomalies, anomalies of placenta and amniotic fluid as well as umbilical cord.

How to cite this article

Sylejmani S, Syla B, Shala S. Diagnosis of Congenital Anomalies during Routine Fetal Surveillance. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015; 9(2):159-174.
Total Knee Arthroplasty in a Case of Tuberculosis Knee in Healing Stage: Is it Safe?
Authors: Yadav Sanjay , Yadav Chandra Shekhar , Kumar Nishikant , Kumar Ashok
Published: September 2015

Background

Association of tuberculosis and total hip joint replacement (THR) is described with or without antitubercular treatment (ATT) cover but total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in early disease in single-stage is uncommonly reported. We wish to share our clinical experience in such a case.

Case description

A 22-year-old male presented with pain and swelling of left knee for 7 months. It was drained at local health facility with sinus development. Tuberculosis was diagnosed by clinic-radiological evaluation and ATT was started. Sinus healed but disabling pain and knee stiffness with flexion deformity persisted. Radiographs revealed destructive osteoarticular arthritis with periarticular osteopenia. Debridement followed by TKA in single-stage was done with posterior-stabilized implant. Postoperative period was uneventful. Histopathological analysis confirmed chronic granulomatous synovitis with caseation necrosis suggestive of mycobacterial infection. After 1-year, ATT was discontinued and patient was disease-free.

Clinical relevance

Single-stage prosthetic knee joint arthroplasty can be safely performed under adequate ATT coverage in early disease provided response to medical treatment is good. Patient counseling regarding compliance with ATT and postoperative protocol is important in ensuring success.

How to cite this article

Yadav S, Yadav CS, Kumar N, Kumar A. Total Knee Arthroplasty in a Case of Tuberculosis Knee in Healing Stage: Is it Safe? J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(3): 139-142.
Interrelationship between Cerebrovascular Disease and Periodontitis
Authors: Yooprasert Pimpimol , Siribamrungwong Monchai , Chaikomon Kamontip , Yothasamutr Kasemsuk
Published: September 2015

Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is the second most common cause of death and contributes to a high morbidity worldwide. The major etiology is an atherosclerosis. Many well-known risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes, are defined as traditional risk factors. Treatment and control of traditional risk factors also improve both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes. To date, many studies reported an association between stroke and nontraditional risk factors, such as infectious diseases or inflammatory process. Periodontal disease (PD) is an infection of the gum and other toothsupporting structures, with an on going inflammatory process and affects a large number of populations worldwide. Current evidence demonstrated the local and systemic inflammatory effects in periodontitis induced an atherosclerosis. This review aims to provide the current knowledge on the association between periodontal disease and cerebrovascular disease.

How to cite this article

Chaikomon K, Yooprasert P, Yothasamutr K, Siribamrungwong M. Interrelationship between Cerebrovascular Disease and Periodontitis. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(1):47-52.
Third Molar Socket Grafting after Surgical Extraction to prevent Periodontal Pocket Formation
Authors: Aljuboori Mohammed Jasim , Yi Ng Ying
Published: September 2015

There is an incidence of periodontal pocket formation and gingival recession on the distal of the lower second molar due to bone defect after third molar surgical removal. Patient referred suffering from recurrent pericoronities; after clinical and radiographic examination, the lower left 3rd molar is partially erupted and angulated in mesial direction. The radiograph shows there is bone deficiency on the distal of the adjacent 2nd molar. After 3rd molar surgical removal, cancellous bone graft placed on the socket with guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedure and complete primary closure with rotational flap. Patient follow-up after 3 and 6 months, bone formation observed on the distal of 2nd molar with the absence of periodontal pocket. Third molar socket bone grafting with cancellous allograft may be a predictable procedure to prevent periodontal pocket on the distal of the second molar.

How to cite this article

Aljuboori MJ, Saini R, Yi NY. Third Molar Socket Grafting after Surgical Extraction to prevent Periodontal Pocket Formation. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(1):65-68.
Esthetic Rehabilitation of Mutilated Anterior Teeth with Custom Cast Post and Core Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal Crowns
Authors: Saini Dinesh Kumar , Legha Virender Singh
Published: September 2015

An endodontically treated anterior tooth requires extracoronal restoration when the tooth structure is weakened or lost due to caries, endodontic treatment, placement of previous restorations and/or is discolored. The reduced tooth structure makes retention of extracoronal restoration difficult. The purpose of post is to provide retention for the core restoration, which replaces lost coronal structure. This article describes restoration of mutilated maxillary central incisors by using cast post and core, followed with porcelain fused to metal restorations.

How to cite this article

Legha VS, Saini DK, Kumar KVA. Esthetic Rehabilitation of Mutilated Anterior Teeth with Custom Cast Post and Core Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal Crowns. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(1):69-71.
Immediate Implant Placement by Dual Stabilization Technique
Authors: Schlesinger Charles D
Published: September 2015

The dental implant provides a realistic treatment alternative for rehabilitation of patients with lost teeth. Immediate implant placement following tooth extraction in appropriately selected cases has been considered the optimal procedure option in modern implant dentistry. This articles illustrates a case of immediate implantation in the right maxillary first molar region. The OCO Biomedical dental implant used in this case report is designed for immediate loading using Dual Stabilization™, an industry unique design feature that biomechanically secures the tip and the collar of the implant into bone. This case report illustrates that it is possible to provide the patient with efficient tooth replacement with a quality immediate dental implant.

How to cite this article

Schlesinger CD, Saini R. Immediate Implant Placement by Dual Stabilization Technique. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(1):72-76.
Ability of the 4-D-Var analysis of the GOSAT BESD XCO2 retrievals to characterize atmospheric CO2 at large and synoptic scales
Authors: Massart S. , Agustí-Panareda A. , Heymann J. , Buchwitz M. , Chevallier F. , Reuter M. , Hilker M. , Burrows J. P. , Hase F. , Desmet F. , Feist D. G. , Kivi R.
Published: September 2015

Abstract. This study presents results from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) carbon dioxide (CO2) analysis system where the atmospheric CO2 is controlled through the assimilation of column-average dry-air mole fractions of CO2 (XCO2) from the Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT). The analysis is compared to a free run simulation and they are both evaluated against XCO2 data from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). We show that the assimilation of the GOSAT XCO2 product from the Bremen Optimal Estimation DOAS (BESD) algorithm during the year 2013 provides XCO2 fields with an improved station-to-station bias deviation of 0.7 parts per million (ppm) compared to the free run (1.4 ppm) and an improved estimated precision of ~ 1 ppm compared to the used GOSAT data (3.4 ppm). We also show that the analysis has skill for synoptic situations in the vicinity of frontal systems where the GOSAT retrievals are sparse due to cloud contamination. We finally computed the 10 day forecast from each analysis at 00:00 UTC. Compared to its own analysis the CO2 forecast shows synoptic skill for the largest scale weather patterns even up to day 5 according to the anomaly correlation coefficient.
The business case for hospital-based Behavioral Screening and Intervention
Authors: Brown Richard L
Published: September 2015

Under the Affordable Care Act, hospitals are challenged to avoid growing penalties for adverse outcomes, including readmissions, and to adapt to value-based purchasing, where parent organizations will ultimately regard hospital revenues as costs. Hospitals are responding by implementing quality improvement programs, strengthening coordination of care around and after discharge, and enhancing chronic disease management, but many hospitals continue to suffer penalties. An additional response could be to systematically conduct screening and intervention for “upstream” behavioral risks and disorders – smoking, unhealthy drinking and depression – which are associated with admissions, inferior medical and surgical outcomes, readmissions, and ample costs. By increasing smoking quit rates, reducing binge drinking and enhancing depression outcomes, Behavioral Screening and Intervention (BSI) could improve outcomes for various chronic diseases, prevent acute disease and injury, decrease hospital admissions and readmissions, avert surgical complications, and improve hospitals’ bottom lines. This article discusses how hospitals could implement BSI and potential benefits, barriers and limitations.
Thuisdealers, ritselaars en meesnoepers. Bewoners en bezoekers van grootstedelijke crackpanden
Authors: Houwing Petra , Oteo Pérez Alberto , Korf Dirk J.
Published: September 2015

Home dealers, fixers and users-for-free. Residents and visitors of urban crack houses

This article is based on ethnographical research in 24 crack houses in Amsterdam, Rotterdam and The Hague. Crack houses were defined as the homes of crack users where crack is being sold and smoked together with other users. All crack houses were located in disadvantaged, multi-ethnic neighbourhoods. Both residents and visitors were men and women, middle-aged, of various ethnic origin and with a long history of hard drug use. In addition to economic benefits for residents (crack sales, getting crack for free from visitors) and sometimes also for visitors, crack houses predominantly serve as a safe haven for drug use and as a social meeting place. Two types of crack houses were found: dealing houses (with ‘home sellers’) and home circuits (divided into ‘fixers’ who arrange or facilitate that crack is available, and ‘users-for-free’, who allow that crack is sold or delivered and used in their apartment, in exchange for a bit of crack). To reduce the risk of discovery and closure, residents take various measures, but less if they are not a legal resident of the apartment. In comparison with the Anglo-Saxon literature about crack houses, there is less ethnic segregation, a less aggressive atmosphere and less involvement with prostitution.
Two new species, including one representing a new genus, of the West African millipede family Campodesmidae (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)
Authors: VandenSpiegel Didier , Golovatch Sergei I. , Nzoko Fiemapong Armand R.
Published: September 2015

A new genus, Campodesmoides gen. nov., is described to only encompass C. corniger sp. nov., from Cameroon. This genus and species is distinguished from the few known species of the small western African family Campodesmidae, all currently in Campodesmus, by the much longer antennae and legs, the normal pore formula with ozopores borne on porosteles, and the suberect and distally twisted gonopod, coupled with peculiar horns on a few anterior postcollum segments. A new Campodesmus is also described, C. alobatus sp. nov., from Ivory Coast, which differs from congeners primarily in the lack of a dorsal/lateral lobe on the otherwise usual and strongly subcircular gonopod telopodite, albeit the latter is not directed mesad, but held subparallel to the main body axis.
Morphologic Mimics of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
Authors: Ishikawa Martin K. , Pinsky Renee W. , Smith Lauren B. , Jorns Julie M.
Published: September 2015

Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast is a relatively common diagnosis. However, other carcinomatous as well as noncarcinomatous neoplasms, either primary or metastatic to the breast, may mimic invasive lobular carcinoma. As treatment may differ, establishing the correct diagnosis is paramount to providing the appropriate care for these patients. This review outlines important mimics of invasive lobular carcinoma and the key clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features as well as additional studies helpful in establishing their diagnoses.
Metastases to the Pancreas Encountered on Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided, Fine-Needle Aspiration
Authors: Pang Judy C. , Roh Michael H.
Published: September 2015

Metastatic lesions in the pancreas are very uncommon and may be difficult to differentiate from the more commonly encountered primary neoplasms derived from the exocrine and endocrine pancreas because of the significant overlap in clinical presentation, imaging, and cytologic features. Metastasis to the pancreas may occur years after treatment of the primary neoplasm and is often not considered on initial evaluation because of the rarity of such events. The possibility of a metastasis to the pancreas should be entertained in patients with any prior history of malignancy because a proper diagnosis is essential in identifying surgical candidates, or avoiding potentially unnecessary surgery and facilitating triage to more appropriate nonoperative therapy. Herein, we describe intrapancreatic metastases secondary to renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and lung carcinoma, as documented by cytologic examination of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of the pancreatic masses.