bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activity–Based Learning Strategies and Mathematics Education in Nigeria
Authors: Usman Kamoru Olayiwola , Sabitu Kamoru Abiodun
Published: June 2024

Many students in primary and secondary schools around the world experience difficulties with the learning of some aspects of the mathematics curriculum. That is, students and mathematics teachers face difficulties in mathematics teaching-learning process, especially in Nigeria. This has also created challenges for stakeholders in education. This study, therefore, examined various Activity-Based Learning Strategies (ABLS) in the mathematics classroom. The mathematics teachers’ knowledge and ability to apply these (ABLS) to mathematics class were equally investigated. It was recommended that the training of mathematics teachers should include the use of (ABLS) in the classroom. This may assist mathematics teachers to move away from the “Story-telling method” and adopt strategies that promote active learning in the classroom. Also, in-service training is recommended for the serving mathematics teachers for effective use of (ABLS).
Percepciones de niños y estudiantes UNAE sobre las estrategias didácticas en el refuerzo académico
Authors: Panamá Criollo Germán Wilfrido , Cochancela Patiño María Gladys , Arizaga Caguana Patricia Maribel
Published: June 2024

La presente investigación indaga las percepciones sobre el uso de estrategias didácticas en el refuerzo académico en Matemática por parte de niños del subnivel básica media de dos escuelas públicas de la parroquia Javier Loyola y de estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Básica (EB) de la Universidad Nacional de Educación (UNAE) que actuaron como tutores, matriculados en el año lectivo 2021-2022 y segundo semestre del año 2021, respectivamente. Se emplea como método de investigación el estudio de caso, en tres fases: preactiva, interactiva y posactiva; y como técnica se utiliza la encuesta con su correspondiente instrumento. Los resultados señalan que los niños sintieron interés por las actividades interactivas y mejoraron los aprendizajes en temas abordados y los estudiantes de la UNAE obtuvieron una experiencia que les servirá para desenvolverse en el campo docente. A su vez, la información obtenida de los participantes permite reflexionar sobre aspectos a mejorar en la cartilla pedagógica de estrategias didácticas para el refuerzo académico en Matemática, eso implica ajustar el tiempo de intervención, entre otros.
Análisis de las Estrategias de Competividad de las Mypes de Comercio al por Menor con un Enfoque de Gestión
Authors: Limas Animas Javier Guadalupe , Medina Alvarez Miguel Angel , Guzman Prince Ileana , Galván Rodríguez Daniel Gonzalo
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo tuvo como propósito el análisis de las estrategias de competitividad de las microempresas de comercio al por menor tendiente a identificar las áreas de oportunidad para alcanzar su desarrollo integral. La investigación surge de la necesidad de estructurar y mejorar los procesos de una microempresa de comercio al por menor en la ciudad de Matamoros, Tamaulipas. La metodología es de enfoque cuantitativo y el tipo de investigación es de carácter exploratorio y relacional. Se diagnosticaron las estrategias de competitividad a través de una encuesta con 35 ítems, los resultados fueron que los líderes de la microempresa de comercio al por menor cuentan con estudios de nivel superior y medio superior para dirigir su empresa; así mismo se encontró que en el área del marketing las mypes implementan estrategias para aumentar el número de clientes que llegan a estas y buscan innovar con el uso de las redes sociales y la implementación de las TIC’s, demostrando que los líderes conocen sus ventajas competitivas.
Caracterización Fisicoquímica de Harina de Cáscara, Semilla, Pulpa y Germinado de Inga Jinicuil Nativa del Estado de Guerrero
Authors: Bernal Morales Laura Arale , Cocio Radilla Rosario Berenice , Galindo Ramos Gerardo , Gabriel Salmerón Beatriz , Gama Gálvez María de los Ángeles
Published: June 2024

En el presente trabajo de investigación se realizó la caracterización fisicoquímica sobre las harinas de Inga jinicuil de su cáscara, semilla, pulpa y germinado tomando como referencias algunos métodos ya conocidos y realizando cada determinación por triplicado sobre los parámetros humedad, cenizas, pH, sólidos disueltos totales, conductividad, acidez titulable, lípidos, proteínas, carbohidratos de azúcares totales y azúcares reductores. Entre los resultados a destacar se tuvieron los siguientes: la harina de germinado tuvo el mayor porcentaje de humedad, 10.43 %, una acidez titulable de 0.36 %, sólidos disueltos con 762.33 ppm y conductividad de 1524.66 µs/cm; mientras que, la cáscara tuvo mayor porcentaje de cenizas, 4.38 %, lípidos 9.24 %, proteínas 16.8 % y azúcares reductores directos 4.60 %; en cambio, la de semilla tuvo mayor pH, 5.9, la de pulpa una mayor cantidad de azúcares totales, 229.11 µg de azúcar total/g de harina de jinicuil, y azúcares reductores totales 16.76 %. Los resultados mostraron un alto contenido de proteínas, bajo contenido de lípidos e incluso por su bajo contenido de azúcares se pudiera considerar como un alimento libre de azúcar. Debido a esto, las harinas de las diferentes fracciones de Inga jinicuil pueden ser utilizadas en la elaboración de productos alimenticios nutritivos a base de harinas de uso convencional ayudando a favorecer la ingesta de proteínas, y ofreciendo un producto con bajo contenido de lípidos y libre de azúcar. Las diversas determinaciones realizadas al Inga jinicuil permiten ampliar el, poco o escaso, conocimiento de sus propiedades nutrimentales esperando pueda ser ampliamente aprovechado este fruto. Los resultados fueron comparados con otros autores, siendo estos similares a los obtenidos.
Novel Deep Learning Neural Networks for Breast Cancer Malignancy Estimation
Authors: G. Nivedhitha  , P. Kalpana  , Rajagopal R  , Anusha Rani V  , Ajith. B. Singh  , Sheik Sidthik A.
Published: June 2024

Medicine has become one of the huge fields which has its own growth each and every day. Few diseases are still a threat to medical field. Because of its destructive nature, cancer is a disease that causes fear in many people throughout the world. However, most cancers are curable if detected early and treated with the right medical care and computer-assisted diagnosis. These days, diagnosis is more popular because it works well as a primary screening test for many diseases, particularly cancer. Deep learning is a method of artificial intelligence where the computer is given intelligence that attempts to emulate the way a human brain thinks. This research focuses on creating a deep neural network that can accurately predict the malignancy of breast cancer up to 98%, allowing medical personnel to diagnose patients more quickly and administer therapy more effectively.
Lung Infection Detection via CT Images and Transfer Learning Techniques in Deep Learning
Authors: Marwa A. Shames  , Mohammed Kamil
Published: June 2024

Healthcare systems are battling the global coronavirus epidemic with limited resources, requiring early diagnosis and enhanced tools for pandemic prevention. The computer can aid in diagnosis via computed tomography images like PCR. Deep learning and machine learning are popular methods, and their main contributions are COVID-19 detection and prediction. This work aimed to develop an AI-based early detection strategy for COVID-19 based on computed tomography images. The model was trained and tested using a dataset that includes CT images. The SARS-COV-2 dataset contains 2482 CT images of 210 patients from publicly available sources. The modified model demonstrated encouraging outcomes by greatly enhancing the sensitivity measure (95.82±1.75), which is an essential criterion for accurately detecting instances of COVID-19 infection. In addition, the model generated higher values for the accuracy metric (91.67±1.68), the specificity (88.08±3.72), the precision metric (87.51±3.27), the F1_score (91.43±1.55), and the area under the curve (91.98±1.55). Deep learning techniques significantly facilitate the early detection of COVID-19. Its use has the potential to improve clinical doctors' readiness and the management of pandemics.
Khảo sát đa trung tâm về mức độ hiểu biết đột quỵ não của thân nhân tại các cơ sở điều trị đột quỵ ở miền Bắc Việt Nam
Authors: Nguyễn Đức
Published: June 2024

TÓM TẮT

Đặt vấn đề: Nhiễm khuẩn huyết (NKH) là một hội chứng lâm sàng do rối loạn điều hòa đáp ứng viêm với nhiễm trùng gây rối loạn chức năng các cơ quan đe dọa tính mạng. Đề tài này nhằm mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và tìm hiểu một số yếu tố tiên lượng NKH ở trẻ em.

Đối tượng, phương pháp: Gồm 69 bệnh nhi < 16 tuổi được chẩn đoán và điều trị NKH tại Trung tâm Nhi - Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế được sử dụng trong nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu.

Kết quả: Các triệu chứng huyết áp thấp/tụt kẹt, mạch nhẹ/khó bắt, refill ≥ 3 giây gặp ở khoảng 30% số trường hợp. Suy giảm tri giác và thiểu niệu/vô niệu gặp với tỷ lệ thấp hơn. Tiêu điểm nhiễm khuẩn tại đường hô hấp chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất 30,4%. Cơ quan bị rối loạn chức năng nhiều nhất là hô hấp và tim mạch với tỷ lệ đều là 37,7%, tiếp đến là huyết học với tỷ lệ 30,4%. Có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê về số lượng bạch cầu, tiểu cầu, creatinin, SGOP, SGPT, và lactate máu giữa các mức độ nặng của bệnh. Các yếu tố làm tăng nguy cơ kết cục xấu trong nhiễm khuẩn huyết là có bệnh nền, refill ≥ 3 giây, huyết áp thấp, mạch nhẹ/khó bắt, Glassgow ≤ 11, thiếu niệu, suy đa cơ quan, tiểu cầu giảm, creatinin tăng, lactate tăng và cấy máu dương tính.

Kết luận: NKH ở trẻ em là bệnh lý nặng có biểu hiện lâm sàng đa dạng, tổn thương đa dạng các cơ quan với tỷ lệ tử vong 29%. Suy đa cơ quan, suy giảm tri giác và tiểu cầu giảm là các yếu tố làm tăng nguy cơ kết cục xấu cao nhất.

ABSTRACT

CLINICAL, PARACLINICAL FEATURES AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF SEPSIS IN CHILDREN

Background: Sepsis is a clinical syndrome caused by dysregulation of the inflammatory response to infection causing life-threatening organ dysfunction. This study aims to describe the clinical and paraclinical features of sepsis in children, as well as to identify certain prognostic factors.

Methodsː Including 69 pediatric patients < 16 years old diagnosed and treated for septicemia at the Pediatric Center - Hue Central Hospital were used in a prospective descriptive study.

Resultsː Approximately 30% of sepsis cases exhibit symptoms of hypotension, tachycardia, and altered mental status. Oliguria and anuria occur less frequently. Respiratory tract infections are the most common source (30.4%). The respiratory and cardiovascular systems experience the highest rates of dysfunction (37.7%), followed by the hematologic system (30.4%). Statistically significant differences exist in white blood cell count, platelet count, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT, and blood lactate levels across disease severity. Underlying disease, prolonged capillary refill time (≥3 seconds), hypotension, weak pulse, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score ≤11, anuria, multiple organ failure, thrombocytopenia, elevated creatinine, increased lactate, and positive blood cultures are factors associated with poorer outcomes in sepsis.
Đánh giá kết quả điều trị glôcôm bằng phương pháp đặt van Ahmed dẫn lưu tiền phòng
Authors: Hồ Quang
Published: June 2024

TÓM TẮT

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá, phân tích các yếu tố lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng của các hình thái glôcôm và hiệu quả điều trị của đặt van dẫn lưu tiền phòng.

Đối tượng, phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu không đối chứng trên 12 mắt được chẩn đoán là glôcôm nhãn áp không điều chỉnh với thuốc hạ nhãn áp bổ sung hoặc sau phẫu thuật cắt bè kém hiệu quả được điều trị phẫu thuật tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế từ 01/11/2021 đến 30/07/2022.

Kết quả: Các bệnh nhân tham gia có độ tuổi trung bình là 41,83 ± 23,10. 1 tuần sau phẫu thuật, 91,7% mắt có thị lực tăng so với trước phẫu thuật và ổn định đến 3 tháng sau phẫu thuật. Nhãn áp sau phẫu thuật 1 tuần giảm từ 33 - 42% và có xu hướng giảm dần cho đến thời điểm 3 tháng sau phẫu thuật. Không thấy sự khác biệt tổn thương thị trường trước giữa trước và sau phẫu thuật ở tất cả các thời điểm theo dõi. Có 1 mắt lệch trục ống dẫn lưu chiếm 8,3%. 1 trường hợp biến chứng xuất huyết tiền phòng chiếm tỉ lệ 8,3%. Tỷ lệ thành công tuyệt đối vào thời điểm theo dõi cuối cùng là 25%; 17% thành công tương đối và 58% thất bại.

Kết luận: Phẫu thuật đặt van dẫn lưu tiền phòng có hiệu quả hạ nhãn áp tương đối, ít biến chứng trong điều trị một số hình thái glôcôm khó điều chỉnh nhãn áp trên người Việt Nam.

ABSTRACT

EVALUATION OF GLAUCOMA TREATMENT USING ANTERIOR CHAMBER AHMED VALVE IMPLANT

Objectives: To describe clinical and paraclinical signs of glaucoma types and treatment effectiveness of anterior chamber valve implantation.

Methods: Prospective descriptive study with clinical intervention in 12 eyes diagnosed with uncorrected glaucoma with IOP-lowering medication or after ineffective trabeculectomy in Hue Central Hospital from November 2021 to July 2022.

Results: The mean age of patients was 41.83 ± 23.10. 1 week after surgery, 91.7% of eyes had increased vision compared to before surgery and remained stable until 3 months after surgery. IOP 1 week after surgery decreased by 33 - 42% and continued to decrease gradually until 3 months after surgery. No difference in visual field damage between before and after surgery during at all follow-up time points. There was 1 eye with drainage tube deviation, accounting for 8.3%. 1 case of anterior chamber bleeding complications accounted for 8.3%. The absolute success rate at the last exam was 25%; 17% were moderately successful and 58% were failures.

Conclusions: Surgical placement of an anterior chamber drainage valve is moderately effective in lowering intraocular pressure with few complications in the treatment of some types of glaucoma (which are difficult to control IOP) in Vietnamese people.
Đặc điểm một số chỉ số tế bào máu ngoại vi và Ferritin huyết thanh ở người bệnh Thalassemia sau điều trị thải sắt bằng Deferiprone tại Bệnh viện đa khoa Mộc Châu năm 2023
Authors:   Moc Chau General Hospital, Nguyen Thi Phuong , Le Van Thu ,   Hanoi University of Public Health, Ngo Van Lang ,   Hanoi University of Public Health,   Phenikaa University, Nguyen Trong Tue ,   Hanoi Medical University, Duong Hong Quan ,   Hanoi University of Public Health
Published: June 2024

Objective: Evaluate changes in some peripheral blood cell indices and serum Ferritin in Thalassemia patients after iron chelation treatment with Deferiprone at Moc Chau general Hospital in 2023; Methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective study. 44 patients with Thalassemia treated at Moc Chau general Hospital in 2023; Results: The average age of disease was 11 ± 12.05 years old. The rate of carrying genes for β-Thalassemia and α-Thalassemia was 97.73% and 2.27%, respectively. The Thai ethnic group had the highest rate of disease (70.45%), followed by Muong (20.45%), Xinh mun (4.55) and Dao (4.55%). The patients had moderate anemia with small and hypochromic red blood cells. After 5 days of treatment with Deferiprone, RBC, HGB, MCV, MCH, MCHC and RDW-CV% indices increased, however it returned to its original state after 3 months of treatment. Furthermore, after 5 days and 3 months of treatment with Deferiprone, WBC, MON, and PLT indices were within normal limits; NEUT slightly decreased; and LYM increased. In particularly, compared to the time of admission (1365.5±243.6 ng/ml), after 5 days of treatment with Deferiprone, serum Ferritin slightly increased (1373.5±236.3 ng/ml) and after 3 months decreased (1281.5±229.03 ng/ml); Conclusion: The patients of Thalassemia have a moderate response to Deferiprone. Keywords: Thalassemia, Ferritin, Peripheral blood cells, Moc Chau, Deferiprone.
Tuân thủ quy trình tiêm tĩnh mạch an toàn của nữ hộ sinh tại Khoa Sản, Bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Khánh Hoà năm 2023
Authors:   Khanh Hoa General hospital, Dao Phuoc Minh Hien , Huynh Van Thuong ,   Vietnam Rehabilitation Association, Nguyen Thai Quynh Chi ,   Hanoi University of Public Health
Published: June 2024

The study was implemented to describe midwives' compliance to safe intravenous injection procedures at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Khanh Hoa General Hospital 2023. This was a cross-sectional study, applying quantitative methods, conducted from November 2022 to September 2023, using safe injection procedure of the Ministry of Health (20 steps divided into 3 phases: before injection, during injection, and afterward) to observe 210 intravenous injections implemented by 70 midwives. Results: The percentage of safe intravenous injections was quite low, only 45.2%; in which, the compliance rate at pre-injection phase ranged from 61.4 - 100%; the compliance rate at the injecting phase is quite high from 98.1 - 100%; in the last phase, post-injection, compliance rate ranged from 91.9 - 100%. Less than 50% of intravenous injections were assessed for compliance with safety procedures. The Nursing Department needs to strengthen inspection and supervision of compliance with safe intravenous injection procedures by midwives at the unit and advise the hospital Board of Directors to promulgate regulations on rewards and punishments in the unit. Practicing safe injections in hospitals. Keywords: Intravenous injection, midwife.
Mức độ tàn tật ở bệnh nhân phong tại tỉnh Bình Thuận và một số yếu tố liên quan
Authors:   Binh Thuan Provincial General Hospital, Huynh Phan Ngoc Buu , Tran Thi Hong Diem ,   Phan Thiet University
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Determine the level of disability in leprosy patients in Binh Thuan province and some related factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 369 disabled leprosy patients in Binh Thuan province in 2022. Results: The rate of level 2 disability in leprosy patients is very high (90.5%) and there are many diverse types of disability. Education level is inversely proportional to the rate of level 2 disability; Patients with a low standard of living had a 1.25 times higher rate of level 2 disability (95% CI: 1.10 - 1.42). Stigma from family members increases the odds of disability by 1.16 times (95% CI: 1.08 - 1.24) and discrimination by people around increases the odds by 1.18 times (95% CI: 1.10 - 1.1 times). ,25). Inadequate knowledge of hand disability care is 1.43 times higher (95% CI: 1.18 - 1.74); Incorrect knowledge of foot disability care was 1.32 times higher (95% CI: 1.16 - 1.50). Conclusions: The rate of grade 2 disability in leprosy patients is high; Stigma from family members, the community, and low patient knowledge are factors related to grade 2 disability. Therefore, it is necessary to promote communication for families and the community to reduce stigma. for leprosy patients. Improve the consulting skills of commune-level leprosy specialists to care for, advise and improve knowledge of leprosy patients in disability care. Keywords: Leprosy disability, leprosy management, leprosy disability in Binh Thuan.
Chi phí y tế trực tiếp cho người bệnh viêm gan B mạn tính điều trị nội trú tại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai năm 2023
Authors:   Bach Mai hospital, Tran Dieu Thuy , Nguyen Thu Ha ,   Hanoi University of Public Health, Do Duy Cuong ,   Bach Mai hospital, Le Van Long ,   Bach Mai hospital
Published: June 2024

To calculate the average direct medical cost for 01 inpatient hospitalized and treatment for chronic hepatitis B from the perspective of the service payer at Bach Mai Hospital in 2023. Using cross-sectional descriptive study, collecting data from hospital discharge records with 94 inpatients who diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B at Bach Mai Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023. The median direct medical cost for chronic hepatitis B inpatient hospitalized is 9 million VND. The average duration of hospitalization for chronic hepatitis B patients is 12,9 (± 6,8) days, and the the median daily cost is 927.085 VND. In the cost group, the cost of medication, blood, and infusion is the highest at 42,3%. The treatment cost of hepatocellular carcinoma stage is twice as much as that of patients with cirrhosis and non- cirrhosis stage, the difference is statistically significant. The more complex the treatment of advanced diseases, the higher the cost. The treatment cost burden of drug components, blood, and infusion is significant. Therefore, Bach Mai Hospital needs to implement a drug price control solution to reduce treatment costs. Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B; Direct costs; Hospitalization treatment; Bach Mai Hospital.
Năng lực thực hành chăm sóc của điều dưỡng tại các cơ sở y tế công lập tỉnh Bắc Giang năm 2023 và một số yếu tố liên quan
Authors:   Bac Giang Province Health Department, Nguyen Van Binh , Bui Thi My Anh ,   Hanoi Medical University, Phung Thanh Hung ,   Hanoi Medical University, Dang Thi Luyen ,   Bac Giang Province Health Department, Hoang Truong Giang ,   Bac Giang Province General Hospital, Pham Tran Anh ,   Hanoi Medical University, Nguyen Thi Minh ,   Bac Giang Province General Hospital, Nguyen Thi Hoai Thu ,   Hanoi Medical University
Published: June 2024

Clinical nursing care practice is a crucial role in ensuring quality care for patients and contiuously quality improving for healthcare services. Objectives: this study aims to describe the status of clinical nursing care practice and analyse some associated factors among nurses in healthcare facilities in Bac Giang province in 2023. Method: A cross-sectional study was employed among nurses at the clinical departments in 10 healthcare facilities in Bac Giang provinces (including 01 provincial general hospital and 09 districal healthcare centres). A total of 700 nurses were selected in this study. Results: The main findings showed that the clinical nursing care practice reached at 70.9% in general. In which, the proportion of nurses had achieved the standard 6 “Performing clinical care techniques according to the procedures" at the highest rate (90.3%) and the standard 11 "Communicating effectively with patients and their families" at the lowest rate (73.7%). The average score for clinical care practice among nurses ranged from 4.0 to 4.2. The results indicated that participating in training, job satisfaction and satisfaction with the equipment had a significant association with the clincal nursing care practice (p<0.05). Conclusions: Strengthening training and regularly ensuring a working environment with adequate equipment and ensuring job satisfaction is a necessary factor to contribute for improving the clincal nursing care practice at public healthcare facilities in Bac Giang province. Keywords: Nurses, competencies, clincal nursing care practice, health workforce, Vietnam.
Stellar Population near NGC 2021: Procession of Star Formation in the South Rim of Supergiant Shell LMC 4
Authors: Ou 歐 Po-Sheng 柏昇 , Chao 趙 Rui-Ching 瑞青 , Chu 朱 You-Hua 有花 , Hsu 許 Chin-Yi 晉翊 , Li 李 Chuan-Jui 傳睿
Published: June 2024

Supergiant shells (SGSs) are the largest interstellar structures where heated and enriched gas flows into the host galaxy’s halo. The SGSs in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) are so close that their stars can be resolved with ground-based telescopes to allow studies of star-formation history. Aiming to study the star formation history and energy budget of LMC 4, we have conducted a pilot study of the cluster NGC 2021 and the OB associations in its vicinity near the south rim of LMC 4. We use the Magellanic Cloud Photometric Survey data of the LMC to establish a methodology to examine the stellar population and assess the massive star formation history. We find a radial procession of massive star formation from the northwest part of the OB association LH79 through NGC 2021 to the OB association LH78 in the south. Using the stellar content of NGC 2021 and the assumption of Salpeter’s initial mass function, we estimate that ∼4 supernovae have occurred in NGC 2021, injecting at least 4 × 1051 erg of kinetic energy into the interior of LMC 4.
Migration and Evolution of giant ExoPlanets (MEEP). I. Nine Newly Confirmed Hot Jupiters from the TESS Mission
Authors: Schulte Jack , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Bieryla Allyson , Quinn Samuel N. , Collins Karen A. , Yee Samuel W. , Nine Andrew C. , Soares-Furtado Melinda , Latham David W. , Eastman Jason D. , Barkaoui Khalid , Ciardi David R. , Dragomir Diana , Everett Mark E. , Giacalone Steven , Mireles Ismael , Murgas Felipe , Narita Norio , Shporer Avi , Strakhov Ivan A. , Striegel Stephanie , Vaňko Martin , Vowell Noah , Wang Gavin , Ziegler Carl , Bellaver Michael , Benni Paul , Bergeron Serge , Boffin Henri M. J. , Briceño César , Clark Catherine A. , Collins Kevin I. , de Leon Jerome P. , Dressing Courtney D. , Evans Phil , Esparza-Borges Emma , Fedewa Jeremy , Fukui Akihiko , Gan Tianjun , Gerasimov Ivan S. , Hartman Joel D. , Gill Holden , Gillon Michaël , Horne Keith , Horta Ferran Grau , Howell Steve B. , Isogai Keisuke , Jehin Emmanuël , Jenkins Jon M. , Karjalainen Raine , Kielkopf John F. , Lester Kathryn V. , Littlefield Colin , Lund Michael B. , Mann Andrew W. , McCormack Mason , Michaels Edward J. , Painter Shane , Palle Enric , Parviainen Hannu , Peterson David-Michael , Pozuelos Francisco J. , Raup Zachary , Reed Phillip , Relles Howard M. , Ricker George R. , Savel Arjun B. , Schwarz Richard P. , Seager S. , Sefako Ramotholo , Srdoc Gregor , Stockdale Chris , Sullivan Hannah , Timmermans Mathilde , Winn Joshua N.
Published: June 2024

Hot Jupiters were many of the first exoplanets discovered in the 1990s, but in the decades since their discovery the mysteries surrounding their origins have remained. Here we present nine new hot Jupiters (TOI-1855 b, TOI-2107 b, TOI-2368 b, TOI-3321 b, TOI-3894 b, TOI-3919 b, TOI-4153 b, TOI-5232 b, and TOI-5301 b) discovered by NASA’s TESS mission and confirmed using ground-based imaging and spectroscopy. These discoveries are the first in a series of papers named the Migration and Evolution of giant ExoPlanets survey and are part of an ongoing effort to build a complete sample of hot Jupiters orbiting FGK stars, with a limiting Gaia G-band magnitude of 12.5. This effort aims to use homogeneous detection and analysis techniques to generate a set of precisely measured stellar and planetary properties that is ripe for statistical analysis. The nine planets presented in this work occupy a range of masses (0.55M
J < MP
< 3.88M
J) and sizes (0.967R
J < RP
< 1.438R
J) and orbit stars that have an effective temperature in the range of 5360 K < T
eff < 6860 K with Gaia G-band magnitudes ranging from 11.1 to 12.7. Two of the planets in our sample have detectable orbital eccentricity: TOI-3919 b (

e
=

0.259

−
0.036

+
0.033

) and TOI-5301 b (

e
=

0.33

−
0.10

+
0.11

). These eccentric planets join a growing sample of eccentric hot Jupiters that are consistent with high-eccentricity tidal migration, one of the three most prominent theories explaining hot Jupiter formation and evolution.
Dark-matter-free Dwarf Galaxy Formation at the Tips of the Tentacles of Jellyfish Galaxies
Authors: Lora V. , Smith R. , Fritz J. , Pasquali A. , Raga A. C.
Published: June 2024

When falling into a galaxy cluster, galaxies experience a loss of gas due to ram pressure stripping. In particular, disk galaxies lose gas from their disks, and very large tentacles of gas can be formed. Because of the morphology of these stripped galaxies, they have been referred to as jellyfish galaxies. It has been found that star formation is triggered not only in the disk, but also in the tentacles of such jellyfish galaxies. The observed star-forming regions located in the tentacles of those galaxies have been found to be as massive as 3 × 107
M
⊙ and with sizes >100 pc. Interestingly, these parameters in mass and size agree with those of dwarf galaxies. In this work, we make use of the state-of-the-art magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) cosmological simulation IllustrisTNG-50 to study massive jellyfish galaxies with long tentacles. We find that, in the tentacles of TNG-50 jellyfish galaxies, the star formation regions (gas+stars) formed could be as massive as ∼2 × 108
M
⊙. A particular star-forming region was analyzed. This region has a star formation rate of 0.04 M
⊙ yr−1, it is metal-rich, has an average age of 0.46 Gyr, and has a half-mass radius of ∼1 kpc, typical of standard dwarf galaxies. Most importantly, this region is gravitationally self-bound. Overall, we identify a new type of dwarf galaxy being born from the gas tentacles of jellyfish galaxies that, by construction, lacks a dark matter halo.
Artificial Greenhouse Gases as Exoplanet Technosignatures
Authors: Schwieterman Edward W. , Fauchez Thomas J. , Haqq-Misra Jacob , Kopparapu Ravi K. , Angerhausen Daniel , Pidhorodetska Daria , Leung Michaela , Sneed Evan L. , Ducrot Elsa
Published: June 2024

Atmospheric pollutants such as chlorofluorocarbons and NO2 have been proposed as potential remotely detectable atmospheric technosignature gases. Here we investigate the potential for artificial greenhouse gases including CF4, C2F6, C3F8, SF6, and NF3 to generate detectable atmospheric signatures. In contrast to passive incidental by-products of industrial processes, artificial greenhouse gases would represent an intentional effort to change the climate of a planet with long-lived, low-toxicity gases and would possess low false positive potential. An extraterrestrial civilization may be motivated to undertake such an effort to arrest a predicted snowball state on their home world or to terraform an otherwise uninhabitable terrestrial planet within their system. Because artificial greenhouse gases strongly absorb in the thermal mid-infrared window of temperate atmospheres, a terraformed planet will logically possess strong absorption features from these gases at mid-infrared wavelengths (∼8–12 μm), possibly accompanied by diagnostic features in the near-infrared. As a proof of concept, we calculate the needed observation time to detect 1 [10](100) ppm of C2F6/C3F8/SF6 on TRAPPIST-1 f with JWST MIRI’s Low Resolution Spectrometer (LRS) and NIRSpec. We find that a combination of 1[10](100) ppm each of C2F6, C3F8, and SF6 can be detected with a signal-to-noise ratio ≧ 5 in as few as 25[10](5) transits with MIRI/LRS. We further explore mid-infrared direct-imaging scenarios with the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets mission concept and find these gases are more detectable than standard biosignatures at these concentrations. Consequently, artificial greenhouse gases can be readily detected (or excluded) during normal planetary characterization observations with no additional overhead.
Revision of the genus Leptodromia Sinclair & Cumming, 2000 (Diptera: Hybotidae: Ocydromiinae), with the description of six new species
Authors: Barros Luana M. , Sinclair Bradley J. , De Freitas-Silva Rafael A. P. , Ale-Rocha Rosaly
Published: June 2024

Ten genera of Ocydromiinae (Diptera: Hybotidae) are recorded from the Australasian Region, including Leptodromia Sinclair & Cumming, 2000. The endemic Australian genus Leptodromia is revised with seven species recognized, including six new species (L. bickeli Barros & Sinclair sp. nov., L. castanea Barros & Sinclair sp. nov., L. immaculata Barros, Freitas-Silva & Sinclair sp. nov., L. lineata Barros & Sinclair sp. nov., L. nebulosa Barros & Sinclair sp. nov. and L. t-maculatum Barros, Freitas-Silva & Sinclair sp. nov.). The type species, L. bimaculata (Bezzi, 1904) is redescribed. An identification key to species is provided and the species distributions mapped.
Culture and the University as White, Male, Liberal Humanist Public Space
Authors: Hall Gary
Published: June 2024

This essay takes readers on something of a journey. It opens by showing how, when it comes to the creative arts in the UK, it is upper‐ and middle‐class, privately educated, Oxbridge graduates who receive the bulk of the available financial support. It proceeds by arguing
that their shared experience of private school and Oxbridge is a major reason so much of culture in England, and the university within it, is rather safe, homogenous and anti-intellectual, not to mention white, male and liberal humanist. At the same time, it maintains that it is not enough
to change who is contributing to culture and the production of knowledge, and what they are being conditioned to write and publish about; what???s also needed is a change in how they are doing so. It ends by indicating some of the ways in which we can use new media and radical open access
publishing to reinvent our (Euro-Western, modernist, middle-class, white, male) liberal humanist modes of being as writers and researchers.
Inside/Out the University: (Academic) Feminist Lifestyle Media and Its Minor Forms
Authors: Ryan Maureen , Goldstein Leigh
Published: June 2024

This article identifies a form of cultural production we are calling (academic) feminist lifestyle media, a subset of media produced by and for a public that is inside&solout the university ‐ that is, those who are literate in academic habits of mind and/or relational norms,
thanks to some affiliation with an institution of higher education. We first chart the transformations in academia in relation to broader changes in cultural labour and the news and entertainment industries. From there we track the attendant emergence of critical university studies, quit lit
and para‐academic cultural production as a way of homing in on the field of inside&solout authors, public figures and texts, ultimately turning to Anne Helen Petersen’s Can’t Even: How Millennials Became the Burnout Generation as an exemplar of (academic)
feminist lifestyle media. This genre, we argue, offers feelings of intimacy and belonging to its public, often by effacing privilege and producing homogeneity between and among this inside&solout public. The final sections of the essay offer a shift in focus, as we turn our attention to
minor approaches to (academic) feminist lifestyle media, with Sara Ahmed’s Living a Feminist Life serving as our principal case study. Minor iterations of this genre, we argue, model the possibility of identification without homogenisation ‐ of doing feminist work on a
smaller scale, to a more specific public and, most importantly, without resolving the conflicts and tensions of positionality, access and difference.
Family Caregivers' Needs in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Iwasaki Yumiko , Fukahori Hiroki , Okumura-Hiroshige Akemi , Sakai Ikuko , Inoue Shuichi , Sugiyama Tomoko , Nasu Katsumi , Ogawara Hirofumi
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

To explore the needs of family caregivers (FCs) and how these are addressed in long-term care facilities (LTCFs).

Method:

A descriptive qualitative study was performed, using semi-structured interviews with 23 FCs from seven LTCFs in Japan.

Results:

Inductive content analysis revealed three main themes:
Coexistent Needs Related to Residents' and FCs' Own Well-Being
,
Means by Which FCs Promote Residents' and Their Own Well-Being
, and
Managing Conflicting Needs by Prioritizing and Compromising
. FCs recognized that their needs relate to the well-being of residents and themselves, and both needs coexist. To address these multifaceted needs, FCs engaged in various activities while seeking support. However, limited availability of means often made it challenging to meet multiple needs simultaneously, leading FCs to manage these conflicting needs by prioritizing or compromising.

Conclusion:

The current study underscores the significance of comprehensive support that simultaneously addresses FCs' conflicting needs, rather than approaching each need separately. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17
(4), 177–187.]
Contrast Sensitivity Better Reflects Wide-Field Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Vascular Metrics Among Healthy Eyes Compared to Visual Acuity
Authors: Baldwin Grace , Tracy Jack , Vingopoulos Filippos , Munsell Mary , Bennett Cade , Rodriguez Jocelyn Marie , Choi Hanna , Garg Itika , Tandias Rachel , Wescott Hannah , Finn Matthew J. , Razavi Peyman , Bannerman Augustine , Zeng Rebecca , Vavvas Demetrios G. , Husain Deeba , Kim Leo A. , Patel Nimesh A. , Miller John B.
Published: June 2024

Background and Objective:

To evaluate the association between widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (WF SS-OCTA) and visual function in healthy eyes.

Patients and Methods:

Fifty-seven eyes of 45 patients were evaluated with visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS), and WF SS-OCTA (3 × 3, 6 × 6, and 12 × 12 mm images) on the same day. Mixed-effects multivariable regression analyses were performed.

Results:

Contrast sensitivity metrics, including CS between 6 to 18 cycles per degree (cpd) and area under the logarithm CS function, were significantly associated with vessel density (VD) and vessel skeletonized density (VSD), whereas VA was not. The largest effect size was between CS at 18 cpd and VD (β = 0.41,
P
= 0.007) and VSD (β = 0.42,
P
= 0.006) on 12 × 12 mm images.

Conclusions:

Reduced VSD and VD on WF SSOCTA was significantly associated with decreased CS, whereas VA was not. These results suggest CS could serve as a screening tool for early stage retinal and neurologic disorders.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:494–502.]
Embodied Witnessing: Performance Expressions as Acts of Citizenship within the Sri Lankan Context
Authors: Perera Ruhanie
Published: June 2024

This article considers acts of citizenship and the dynamics of witnessing that are negotiated through performance, using as its point of departure the Viratham puja (offering) made by activist Sandya Ekneligoda in January 2022, which, as this article argues, is both an enacted memorial and an act of protest. Analyzed in juxtaposition are also the embodied practices of performance artist Janani Cooray and activist Swasthika Arulingam, which are useful to consider in terms of the articulation of performance as a socially engaged practice and their implications in locating the artist’s/activist’s intentions. Under discussion, the embodied practices analyzed here explore how witnessing takes place through expressions of performance that interpret, enact, and unsettle notions of citizenship by: encountering the materiality of the body in performance that enacts “citizenship” through strategic practices of remembering; the artist’s/activist’s intentions embedded in such embodied practices as performance art, ritual, and song, as read through their distinctive repertoires of staged embodied act(s) that may also be interpreted as acts of citizenship; and the positing of citizenship as a “domain of struggle” that is creatively advanced, where the citizen as subject, as political being, is produced and reproduced through the structures of performance/embodied practice and their material afterlives.
Blancs des cartes et boîtes noires algorithmiques
Authors: Noucher Matthieu
Published: June 2024

Chaque carte présente ses propres blancs, inconscients ou volontaires. Ces lacunes ou ces oublis, d’aucuns l’ont bien montré, ont joué un rôle déterminant dans l’histoire, en particulier coloniale. Hier privilège des États, ce pouvoir de blanchir ou de noircir la carte est aujourd’hui celui des données numériques. Car le déluge d’informations géographiques, produit par une multitude d’acteurs, n’est pas uniformément réparti sur l’ensemble des territoires, laissant des zones entières vides. S’inscrivant dans le champ émergent des critical data studies, cette recherche singulière, abondamment illustrée, revient sur les enjeux politiques des cartes et nous invite à explorer les rouages les plus profonds de la cartographie contemporaine. En s’attachant à l’Amazonie, Matthieu Noucher déconstruit les vides pour interroger le sens de la géonumérisation du monde. Pour mener son enquête, il s’intéresse à trois dispositifs en particulier : la détection de l’orpaillage illégal, la mesure de la biodiversité et le repérage des habitats informels. Ce livre débouche sur deux modalités de résistance au comblement des blancs des cartes : la contre-cartographie et la fugue cartographique pour appréhender les blancs des cartes comme une opportunité de diversifier nos manières de voir le monde.
La fin d’une expérience éducative alternative. Gouvernance locale de l’éducation et usure militante
Authors: Allam Marie-Charlotte
Published: June 2024

Cet article étudie les ressorts du désengagement d’enseignants qui se sont impliqués, sur plusieurs décennies, dans une expérience éducative autogestionnaire à la Villeneuve de Grenoble. Il observe les transformations de leurs mobilisations et de leurs pratiques militantes en lien avec le durcissement du contrôle bureaucratique et l’introduction d’instruments de gestion par projet entre les années 1980 et 2000. Sur le temps court, cette transformation de l’encadrement administratif suscite des mobilisations défensives, allant de l’opposition frontale à l’adaptation stratégique. Sur le temps long, elle alimente une usure militante, qui conduit à la disparition progressive de l’expérimentation.
Enseigner la gestion stratégique de l’exploitation : la méthode 3S en question
Authors: Gafsi Mohamed , Brochard Jean-Marie , Cubizole Magali , Legay Emmanuel , Melac Claire , Zegdane-Loisel Coralie
Published: June 2024

L’enseignement agricole est à l’épreuve, ces dernières années, des enjeux de la transition agroécologique. Dans ce contexte de changement et d’incertitude, la gestion stratégique de l’exploitation agricole, et son enseignement, sont devenus une nécessité. Mais force est de constater que les enseignants font face à de multiples difficultés et manquent de ressources pour enseigner de manière cohérente la gestion stratégique et l’analyse de durabilité de l’exploitation agricole en conservant les acquis de l’approche systémique. Les auteurs proposent une démarche méthodologique qui vise à surmonter ces difficultés et à outiller les enseignants. Structurée en trois temps, la méthode 3S aide à analyser dans le temps long des stratégies suivies, puis à saisir la logique de fonctionnement et à évaluer la performance globale de l’exploitation, pour élaborer ensuite des axes stratégiques pour les années à venir. Cette méthode a été construite par des enseignants de lycées agricoles, dans le cadre d’un travail de recherche-action au sein du GAP – Groupe d’animation et de professionnalisation – Économie-Gestion. La méthode s’adresse à la communauté des enseignants et tout formateur ou conseiller amené à accompagner des agriculteurs dans des stratégies pour des systèmes agricoles durables.
L’enseignement agricole et ses publics face au défi du changement climatique : quelles croyances ? Pour quels modes d’action ?
Authors: Levy Rachel , Gallai Nicola , Del Corso Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2024

La note présente une recherche qui interroge la construction sociale des représentations d’étudiants de brevet de technicien supérieur de l’enseignement agricole sur le changement climatique. Il vise à mieux comprendre comment s’opère la diffusion et de la circulation des connaissances sur cette thématique au sein de cette population et le rôle que les étudiants peuvent y jouer. Nos résultats révèlent que ceux-ci sont des relais actifs de cette diffusion et circulation dans le milieu scolaire et dans leur lieu de vie. Dans cette dernière sphère sociale, ils contribuent même à inaugurer des pratiques innovantes de lutte contre le changement climatique.
Faire avec les normes de Parcoursup : le cas des réorienté·es
Authors: Valarcher Marion , Bugeja-Bloch Fanny , Couto Marie-Paule , Frouillou Leïla
Published: June 2024

Une des nouveautés de Parcoursup est d’intégrer de plus en plus les réorientations vers une première année d’enseignement supérieur français. À partir d’une étude qualitative des dossiers de réorientation en sociologie, cet article interroge la manière dont le fonctionnement du dispositif Parcoursup impose des normes institutionnelles désajustées aux parcours non linéaires des étudiantes en réorientation. Les désajustements sont doubles : d’une part, les catégories de la plateforme sont en décalage avec les temporalités des parcours étudiant·es, et d’autre part, l’ordre de remplissage des dossiers ne correspond pas nécessairement à la lecture qui en est faite par les commissions. Cela explique en partie que les classements soient souvent défavorables aux réorienté·es par rapport aux néo-bachelier·es.
En quête de projet
Authors: Guichard Ambre
Published: June 2024

La demande de formalisation d’un « projet de formation motivé » sur Parcoursup introduit une épreuve de justification de la cohérence du parcours dès lors partie prenante de la sélection-orientation à l’entrée des formations universitaires. À partir d’une étude de cas portant sur les étudiant·es qui se sont réorienté·es malgré l’adéquation de leur choix d’orientation, l’article montre que le projet ne permet pas nécessairement de répondre à l’exigence de cohérence en cours d’études, et qu’il nécessite même parfois un travail de justification supplémentaire. L’analyse des argumentaires mobilisés pour justifier le passage d’un projet à un autre met en évidence la manière dont les étudiant·es se sont progressivement acculturé·es à une conception temporalisée de la réussite. En s’appropriant le projet en tant qu’instrument de réflexivité, les étudiant·es travaillent finalement à accepter le fait d’avoir renoncé à leurs aspirations initiales.
Opacités et implicites : ce que Parcoursup fait au groupe professionnel des enseignant·es
Authors: Geers Alexie , Legendre Florence , Pinto Samuel
Published: June 2024

Nous proposons de comprendre les effets des récentes réformes relatives aux parcours d’orientation, dont Parcoursup, sur la division du travail dans le monde scolaire et en particulier sur le groupe professionnel des enseignant·es de lycée. Notre analyse s'appuie sur une recherche socio-ethnographique menée dans un lycée polyvalent. Les prescriptions, multiples et nébuleuses, redéfinissent la license et le mandate (Hughes, 1996) des enseignant·es en élargissant, de manière opaque, leur champ d’action. Ces nouveaux modes de régulation remettent en cause les frontières et les juridictions (Abbott, 2016) de leur travail. Pour éclairer les opacités du dispositif, sans formation et avec peu de recul ils et elles bricolent. Dans ce contexte, leurs engagements varient selon les profils scolaires des élèves et à l’aune de leurs dispositions sociales et professionnelles.
“The State is the Biggest Goonda”: Civic Masculinity, Radical Victimhood, and Power in Bhim Army Discourse
Authors: Kulshreshth Shantanu
Published: June 2024

This paper explores the emergence of the Bhim Army, a Dalit-led social movement in North India that has gained significant political influence in recent years. In doing so, it develops the idea of “boss power” as a cultural repertoire in North India through which marginalized actors negotiate and engage with the state and society. It shows how the organization creates new identities based on masculinity, civic duty, and radical victimhood to enact power in response to caste marginalization and state capture. However, despite its attempts to build a diverse base, the Bhim Army’s appeal remains limited in terms of gender and class.