bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical presentation and long-term outcomes of type 1 tyrosinemia in Finland: a nationwide study
Authors: Äärelä Linnea , Hiltunen Pauliina , Soini Tea , Vuorela Nina , Huhtala Heini , Nevalainen Pasi , Heikinheimo Markku , Kivelä Laura , Kurppa Kalle
Published: July 2020

Background: Introduction of nitisinone and newborn screening (NBS) have transformed the treatment of type 1 tyrosinemia, but the effects of these changes on the long-term outcomes remain obscure. Also, the predictors for later complications, the significance of drug levels and the normalization of laboratory and imaging findings are poorly known. We investigated these issues in a nationwide study. Results: Type 1 tyrosinemia was diagnosed in 22 children in 1978–2019 in Finland. Incidence was 1/90,102, with a significant enrichment in South Ostrobothnia (1/9,990). Median age at diagnosis was 5 (range 0.5-36) months, 55% were girls and 13 had homozygotic Trp262X mutation. Four patients were detected through screening and 18 clinically, their main findings being liver failure (50% vs. 100%, respectively, p=0.026), ascites (0% vs. 53%, p=0.104), renal tubulopathy (0% vs. 65%, p=0.035), rickets (25% vs. 65%, p=0.272), growth failure (0% vs. 66%, p=0.029), thrombocytopenia (25% vs. 88%, p=0.028) and anaemia (0% vs. 47%, p=0.131). One patient was treated with diet, seven with transplantation and 14 with nitisinone. Three late-diagnosed (6-33 months) nitisinone treated patients needed transplantation later. Kidney dysfunction (86% vs. 7%, p=0.001), hypertension (57% vs. 7%, p=0.025) and osteopenia/ osteoporosis (71% vs. 14%, p=0.017) were more frequent in transplanted than nitisinone-treated patients. Blood/serum alpha-fetoprotein decreased rapidly on nitisinone in all but one patient, who later developed intrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver values normalized in 31 months and other laboratory values except thrombocytopenia within 18 months. Imaging findings normalized in 3–56 months excluding five patients with liver or splenic abnormalities. Low median nitisinone concentration was associated with higher risk of severe complications (r=0.758, p=0.003) despite undetectable urine succinylacetone.Conclusions: Prognosis of type 1 tyrosinemia has improved in the era of nitisinone, and NBS seems to provide further benefits. Nevertheless, the long-term risk for complications remains, particularly in the case of late diagnosis and/or insufficient nitisinone levels.
Spatial distribution of Covid-19, a modeling approach: case of Algeria
Authors: Rahmani Salah Eddine Ali , Chibane Brahim , Hallouz Faiza , Benamar Nardjess
Published: July 2020

The objectives of this study are to modeling the spatial distribution of Covid-19 at the regional scale (Case of Algeria) based on geostatistcal study of covid-19 cases spatial distribution and Hybrid Kriging. The data analysis of a published officially Covid-19 reports by the Algerian Ministry of Health. a map of contamination by covid-19 has been obtained and a new model of risk evaluation has been developed and proposed to predict the propagation of this pandemic in Algeria. To conclude this work show areas with high population density are most exposed to virus propagation and death arising. Simulation show that infection by Covid-19 will arise to 14 000 cases in Algeria in the last of April also the velocity of transmission of this virus is rapid. Map obtained help the local authority to manage Covid-19 infections at the spatial scale.
A Novel Two-Step, Direct-to-PCR Method for Virus Detection off Swabs using Human Coronavirus 229E
Authors: Morehouse Zachary P , Proctor Caleb M , Ryan Gabriella L , Nash Rodney J
Published: July 2020

Background Currently, one of the most reliable methods for viral infection detection are polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assays. This process is time and resource heavy, requiring multiple steps of lysis, extraction, purification, and amplification procedures. Herein, we have developed a method to detect virus off swabs using solely shaker-mill based mechanical lysis and the transfer of the viral lysate directly to a PCR assay for virus detection, bypassing the substantial reagent and time investments required for extraction and purification steps.Methods Using Human Coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) as a model system, we spiked swabs in vitro for proof-of-concept testing. Swabs were spiked in serial dilutions from 1.2x106 to 1.2x101 copies/mL and then placed in 2mL tubes with viral transport media (VTM) to mimic the specimen collection procedures in the clinic prior to processing via shaker-mill homogenization. After homogenization, 1 µL of lysate was processed using RT-qPCR for amplification of the nucleocapsid (N) gene, qualifying viral detection. Results HCoV-229E in vitro spiked swabs were processed in a novel two-step, direct-to-PCR methodology for viral detection. After running 54 swabs, we confidently determined our limit of detection to be 1.2x103 viral copies/mL with 96.30% sensitivity. Conclusion We have proven that the shaker-mill homogenization-based two-step, direct-to-PCR procedures provides sufficient viral lysis off swabs, where the resulting lysate can be used directly in PCR for the detection of HCoV-229E. This finding allows for reductions in the time and resources required for PCR based virus detection in comparison to the traditional extraction-to-PCR methodology.
Sintering Behavior of BST Nanoparticles at Low Temperature and Electrical Properties of their Ceramics
Authors: Qi Jianquan , Li Yan , Li Mengyin , Xie Jiahui , Yu Tianchi , Sun Qingwen , Yan Yifan , Wang Jian , Xiong Xinkai , Wang Tinghui , Han Xiumei
Published: July 2020

The powders of the Ba0.75Sr0.25TiO3 (BST) nanoparticles were directly synthesized by milling of Ba(OH)2·8H2O, Sr(OH)2·8H2O and Ti(BuO)4 in ethanol at room temperature. They have homogenous grains of ~15 nm and the high sintering activity. The dense ceramics with the density >90% can be obtained at a sintering temperature of ≤950 oC by them with adding 3 wt% sintering aids of Bi2O3 and Li2CO3. The sintering behavior of the BST nanoparticles by adding the aids of Bi2O3 and Li2CO3 is studied carefully. Several Bi-related compounds are involved in the sintering procedure at a different temperature. They enhance the mass transfer and promote the sintering densification. These compounds such as Ba2BiO4 and SrBiO4 appear at 800 oC, LiBa4Bi3O11 and Sr1.2Bi0.8O3 appear over 830 oC, and Bi8.11Ba0.89O13.05 appears at 950 oC. The cation Bi in the ceramics has mixture valences of 3+ and 5+. It makes the ceramics as semiconducting state with the dark gray color and decreases the ceramics resistivities. With the sintering temperature increase, especially at 950 oC, the cation Bi tends back to single valence of +3 in the ceramics. The most of alkaline earth cations in Bi-related compounds will release and resorb into the lattice of BST and drive the densification of the nanoparticles. The BST ceramics can have a peak dielectric constant >6500 at 53 oC, loss <0.025, and resistivity >1012 W·cm when sintered at a temperature of ≥900 oC with 3 wt% sintering aids. They have a potential application for multiple layer ceramic capacitors (MLCC) with silver inner-electrodes.
Duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma: a rare case report
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Lu-Ping , Zhu Pei-Shuang
Published: July 2020

Background

Gangliocytic paraganglioma (GP) is quite rare, and origin and entity remain to be elucidated.

Case presentation

A 51-year-old male presented with a sessile polyp with smooth surface measured about 1cm in diameter in the descending portion of duodenum. Pathological examination displayed a neoplasm located in submucosa, infiltrating into lamina propria. The tumor consisted of epithelioid, ganglion-like and spindle cells admixing in a haphazard way. The epithelioid cells resembled paraganglioma in cytological and architectural features, the ganglion-like cells was scattered, and the spindle cells resembled neurofibroma. Syn, MAP-2 and CgA were positive in the epithelioid and ganglion-like cells in variety and NF highlighted the ganglion-like cells. S-100 and SOX-10 were positive in the sustentacular cells around the epithelioid cells and spindle cell proliferation. PR was also positive.

Conclusions

Origin of GP is presumed to be related with pancreas islet. GP is supposed to be distinguished with NET G1 and designated as paraganglioma-ganglioneuroma, a kind of composite paraganglioma.
Human Fetal Liver MSCs are More Effective Than Adult Bone Marrow MSCs for Their Immunosuppressive, Immunomodulatory and Foxp3+ T regs Induction Capacity
Authors: Yu Yi , Valderrama Alejandra Vargas , Han Zhongchao , Uzan Georges , Naserian Sina , Oberlin Estelle
Published: July 2020

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) display active capacities of suppressing or modulating harmful immune responses through diverse molecular mechanisms. These cells are under extensive translational efforts as cell therapies for immune-mediated diseases and transplantations. A wide range of preclinical studies and limited number of clinical trials using MSCs have not only shown promising safety and efficacy profiles but have also revealed changes in regulatory T cell (T reg) frequency and function. However, the mechanisms underlying this important observation are not well understood. Cell-to-cell contact, production of soluble factors, reprogramming of antigen presenting cells to tolerogenic phenotypes have emerged as possible mechanisms by which MSCs produce an immunomodulatory environment for T reg expansion. We and others demonstrated that adult bone-marrow (BM)-MSCs suppress adaptive immune responses directly by inhibiting the proliferation of CD4+ (“helper”) and CD8+ (“cytotoxic”) T cells but also indirectly through induction of Tregs. In parallel we demonstrated that fetal liver (FL)-MSCs displays much longer-lasting immunomodulatory properties compared to BM-MSCs, by inhibiting directly the proliferation and activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Therefore, we investigated if FL-MSCs exert their strong immunosuppressive effect also indirectly through induction of T regs.Methods: MSCs were obtained from FL and adult BM and characterized according to their surface antigen expression, their multilineage differentiation and their proliferation potential. Using different in-vitro combinations, we performed co-cultures of FL or BM-MSCs and murine CD3+CD25-T cells to investigate immunosuppressive effects of MSCs on T cells and to quantify their capacity to induce functional T regs. Results: We demonstrated that although both types of MSC exhibit similar phenotype profile and differentiation capacity, FL-MSCs have significantly higher proliferative capacity and ability to suppress both CD4+ and CD8+ murine T cell proliferation and to modulate them towards less active phenotypes than adult BM-MSCs. Moreover, their substantial suppressive effect was associated with an outstanding increase of functional CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regs compared to BM-MSCs.Conclusions: These results highlight the immunosuppressive activity of FL-MSCs on T cells and show for the first time that one of the main immunoregulatory mechanisms of FL-MSCs passes through active and functional T reg induction.
Solitary Vulvar Metastasis from Early Stage Endometrial Cancer: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Mandato Vincenzo Dario , Mastrofilippo Valentina , Palicelli Andrea , SILVOTTI Monica , Serra Silvia , Giaccherini Lucia , Aguzzoli Lorenzo
Published: July 2020

BackgroundEndometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological malignancy in developed countries. It is usually diagnosed at early-stage and presents a favourable prognosis. Conversely, advanced or recurrent disease result in low response to therapy and poor outcome. Most recurrences occur within two years postoperatively, typically in pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes, vagina, peritoneum, and lungs; unusual localizations include abdominal organs/wall, bones, brain, muscle. Vulvar metastasis are indeed anecdotal probably because the different regional lymphatic drainage from corpus uterus. Here, we report a case of vulvar metastasis from an early endometrial cancer comprehensive staged by laparoscopy and reviewed the literature discussing the different mechanisms of vulvar metastasis pathogenesis and the prognosis.MethodsWe reported a case of vulvar metastasis from an early stage endometrial cancer. We also collected and analysed articles written in English regarding vulvar metastasis form endometrial cancer published between January 1966 and May 2020. PubMed was used as a database for this search. Clinical and pathological characteristics, treatments and outcomes were assessed.In total, 19 cases of vulvar metastasis from endometrial cancer were found. Patients had a mean age of 66 years and were mostly asymptomatic. Labium major was the most common and usually unique site of metastasis. Vulvar metastasis were mostly nodular/mass-like lesions occurred in patients treated mostly for endometrial cancer at early stage. Median time to vulvar metastasis was ten months. Most of the metastasis were treated with surgery or radiotherapy. One third of patients presented a subsequent recurrence on average 11 months later. 61.1% of patients died of disease and 70 median overall survival was 16 months.Vulvar metastasis can show different appearance, occurring as single or diffuse lesions on healthyor injured skin, in patients treated for both early- and advanced-stage endometrial cancers. Surgicalapproach seems not to influence the risk of subsequent metastasis, but tumor seeding and vaginalinjuries should be avoided. Whether isolated or associated with recurrence in other locations, vulvarmetastasis are characterized by severe prognosis despite radical treatment. Therefore, any suspectedvulvar lesion arisen during endometrial cancer follow-up should be biopsied, despite the vulva represents an unusual metastatic site.ConclusionsVulvar metastasis can show different appearance. Surgical approach seems not to influence the risk of subsequent metastasis. Vulvar metastasis are characterized by severe prognosis despite radical treatment. Therefore, any suspected vulvar lesion arisen during follow-up should be biopsied.
Long-term Outcomes and Safety of Radical Transmediastinal Esophagectomy with Preoperative Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and 5-Fluorouracil Combination Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thoracic Esophagus
Authors: Yamagata Yukinori , Saito Kazuyuki , Hirano Kosuke , Oya Masatoshi
Published: July 2020

Background It is unknown whether transmediastinal esophagectomy (TME) is an acceptable surgical procedure for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Therefore, we investigated the feasibility of and long-term survival after TME with neoadjuvant docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil combination chemotherapy (DCF therapy). Methods This retrospective, observational study included locally advanced resectable ESCC. All patients received two cycles of preoperative DCF therapy (60 mg/m2 of docetaxel and cisplatin on day 1 and 700 mg/m2/day of 5-FU on days 1-5 in each cycle) followed by radical TME. The main outcomes were survival and the rate of adverse events of chemotherapy and surgery.ResultsSixteen patients were included in this study. All patients received two cycles of DCF therapy, followed by surgery. The median follow-up duration of the 16 patients was 35.4 months. The 2-year overall survival (OS) was 93.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 61.3-99.0), and the 3-year OS was 78.8% (95% CI, 47.3-92.7). The 2-year and 3-year relapse-free survivals were both 73.3% (95% CI, 43.6-89.1). Leucopoenia and neutropenia occurred in most patients; however, they were controllable. Fifteen patients completed TME and one was converted to open transthoracic esophagectomy because of tracheal injury. Three-field dissection was performed for 12 of 16 patients (75%), and R0 resection was achieved in 15 of 16 patients (93.8%). Three cases of Grade IIIb chylothorax were observed. There was no mortality in this study. ConclusionCombined neoadjuvant DCF and TME for locally advanced ESCC was safe and less invasive than traditional therapies and had a satisfactory long-term prognosis.
Brain Oscillatory Coupling during Motor Control as a Potential Biomarker for Autism Spectrum Disorders: a comparative study
Authors: An Kyung-min , Ikeda Takashi , Hirosawa Tetsu , Hasegawa Chiaki , Yoshimura Yuko , Tanaka Sanae , Saito Daisuke N. , Yaoi Ken , Iwasaki Sumie , Kikuchi Mitsuru
Published: July 2020

Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often involves dysfunction in general motor control and motor coordination, in addition to core symptoms. However, the neural mechanisms underlying motor dysfunction in ASD are poorly understood. To elucidate this issue, we focused on brain oscillations and their coupling in the primary motor cortex (M1).

Methods

We recorded magnetoencephalography in 18 children with autism spectrum disorder, aged 5 to 7 years, and 19 age- and IQ-matched typically-developing children while they pressed button during a video-game-like motor task. We measured motor-related gamma (70 to 90 Hz) and pre-movement beta oscillations (15 to 25 Hz) in the primary motor cortex. To determine the coupling between beta and gamma oscillations, we applied phase-amplitude coupling to calculate the statistical dependence between the amplitude of fast oscillations and the phase of slow oscillations.

Results

We observed a motor-related gamma increase and a pre-movement beta decrease in both groups. The autism spectrum disorder group exhibited a reduced motor-related gamma increase ( t(35) = 2.412, p = 0.021 ) and enhanced pre-movement beta decrease ( t(35) = 2.705, p = 0.010 ) in the ipsilateral primary motor cortex. We found the phase-amplitude coupling that the high-gamma activity modulated by the beta rhythm in the primary motor cortex. Phase-amplitude coupling in the ipsilateral primary motor cortex was reduced in the autism spectrum disorder group compared with the control group ( t(35) = 3.610, p = 0.001 ). Using oscillatory changes and their coupling, linear discriminant analysis classified autism spectrum disorder and control groups with high accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 97.1%).

Limitations

Further studies with larger sample size and age range of data are warranted to confirm these effects.

Conclusions

The current findings revealed alterations in oscillations and oscillatory coupling reflecting the dysregulation of a motor gating mechanism in ASD. These results may be helpful for elucidating the neural mechanisms underlying motor dysfunction in ASD, suggesting the possibility of developing a biomarker for ASD diagnosis.
Screening for Cervical Cancer: Protocol for Systematic Reviews to Inform Canadian Recommendations
Authors: Gates Allison , Pillay Jennifer , Reynolds Donna , Stirling Robert , Traversy Gregory , Korownyk Christina , Moore Ainsley , Thériault Guylène , Thombs Brett D , Little Julian , Popadiuk Catherine , Niekerk Dirk van , Keto-Lambert Diana , Vandermeer Ben , Hartling Lisa
Published: July 2020

Purpose. To inform recommendations by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care on cervical cancer screening by systematically reviewing evidence of: (a) the effectiveness; (b) test accuracy; (c) individuals’ values and preferences, and (d) strategies aimed at improving screening rates.Methods. De novo reviews will be conducted to evaluate effectiveness and to assess values and preferences. For test accuracy and strategies to improve screening rates, we will integrate studies from existing systematic reviews with search updates to the present. Two Cochrane reviews will provide evidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes from the conservative management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. We will search Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central (except for individuals’ values and preferences, where Medline, Scopus, and EconLit will be searched) via peer-reviewed search strategies, and the reference lists of included studies and reviews. We will search ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for ongoing trials. Two reviewers will screen potentially eligible studies and agree on those to include. Data will be extracted by one reviewer with verification by another. Two reviewers will independently assess risk of bias and reach consensus. Where possible and suitable, we will pool studies via meta-analysis. We will compare accuracy data per outcome and per comparison using the Rutter and Gatsonis hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model and report relative sensitivities and specificities. Findings on values and preferences will be synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach and thematic analysis, depending on study designs. Two reviewers will appraise the certainty of evidence for all outcomes using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) and come to consensus.Discussion. The publication of guidance on cervical cancer screening by the Task Force in 2013 focused on cytology. Since 2013, new studies using human papillomavirus tests for detection of cervical cancer have been published that will improve our understanding of screening in primary care settings. This review will inform updated recommendations based on currently available studies and address key evidence gaps noted in our previous review.Systematic review registration: not registered.
Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Social Robots for Older Adults: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Koh Wei Qi , Felding Simone Anne , Casey Dympna
Published: July 2020

Background Psychosocial health issues such as depression and social isolation are an important cause of morbidity and premature mortality for older adults. Social robots are promising technological innovations to deliver effective psychosocial interventions to promote the psychosocial wellbeing of older adults, including people with dementia. Studies have reported positive findings regarding this technology on the psychosocial health of older adults and people with dementia. However, despite positive findings of the effects of social robots for older adults, little is known about factors affecting their implementation in practice. Methods This study follows Arksey and O’Malley’s approach and methodological enhancement by Levac et al (2010). Relevant articles will be identified by searching electronic databases. A two-phase screening process will be undertaken by two independent reviewers to determine articles’ inclusion. Findings will be summarized and reported thematically based on domains in the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research (CFIR). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-SCr) will be used to guide the reporting of findings. Discussion Reporting the protocol in advance of conducting the review will ensure a rigorous and transparent methodological approach is undertaken. The outcomes of the review include variants in terminologies used to describe implementation, identify the scope of the literature regarding the barriers and facilitators affecting the implementation of social robots, and identify research gaps to guide further empirical research in this field. This evidence synthesis constitutes part of a bigger project aimed to develop implementation guidelines for social robotics for older adults with dementia. Since the methodological process consists of reviewing and collecting data from publicly available data, this study does not require approval from a research ethics board. Scoping Review Registration Our protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/2x3y9/) as an open access article, under the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC-4.0) license, which allows others to distribute, remix, adapt and build on this work on a non-commercial basis, and license their derivative work using different terms, on the basis that the original basis is properly cited and the use is non-commercial (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
Virtual Barriers: Unpacking the Sustainability Implications of Online Food Spaces and the Yellowknife Farmers Market’s Response to COVID-19
Authors: Radcliffe Josalyn , Skinner Kelly , Spring Andrew , Picard Lise , Benoit France , Dodd Warren
Published: July 2020

Background
Through their support of local agriculture, relationships, and healthy diets, farmers’ markets can contribute to a sustainable food system. Markets like the Yellowknife Farmers Market (YKFM) are social spaces that support local food, yet the COVID-19 pandemic has forced changes to their current model. This paper explores the potential of online marketplaces to contribute to a resilient, sustainable food system and the barriers to making this transition for the YKFM.
Methods
In 2019, a collaborative mixed-method evaluation was initiated by the YKFM and university partners in the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada. The co-created evaluation plan included two patron surveys, a vendor survey and vendor interviews. The evaluation began with an in-person Rapid Market Assessment dot survey and questionnaire of market patrons from two YKFM dates prior to the pandemic. Due to COVID-19, we determined it was not a good time to conduct the vendor survey and interviews. Ongoing engagement with the market facilitated an assessment of the COVID-19 response.
Results
For the patron surveys, 59 dot survey and 31 questionnaire participants were recruited. The top motivators for attendance were eating dinner, atmosphere, and supporting local businesses, and most patrons attended as couples and spent over half of their time talking to others. The YKFM did not move online, citing concerns about meeting produce demand, incongruence between the online model and market strengths, low dependency on the YKFM by vendors, and potential challenges for patrons using new technology.
Conclusions
NWT food strategies rely on farmers’ markets to nurture a local food system. Online markets can support local food by facilitating purchases and knowledge-sharing, yet they do not replicate the open-air or social experience. Challenges to the online transition reflect the survey findings and current food context in the NWT. While online adaptation does not fit into the YKFM plan today, online markets may prove useful as a complementary strategy for future emerging stressors to enhance the resiliency of local systems.
Bacteroides, butyric acid and t10,c12-CLA Changes in Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps
Authors: Chen Ciyan , Niu Min , Liu Shumin , Li Huanqin , He Qiuyue , Mao Jian , Duan Yong , Du Yan
Published: July 2020

Background
Colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAPs) are considered precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC). There are few studies on patients with CAPs, and studies on microbial communities in the intestinal tract of CAP patients are inconsistent. The gut microbiota participates in the process of digestion and, in the process, produces metabolites, mainly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), secondary bile acids and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). These studies aimed to investigate the gut microbiota and metabolites in the faeces of CAP patients in order to identify microbiota or metabolites that can be used as sensitive biological predictors and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of CAPs.
Results
faecesWeissella and Lactobacillus were present in the HC group, and the abundance of Bacteroides and Citrobacter was higher in the CAP group than in the HC group. The expression of butyrate-producing bacterial genes was significantly higher in the faeces of CAP patients, but that of secondary bile acid-producing bacterial genes and CLA-producing bacterial genes showed no differences in either faeces or biopsy tissues, and that of butyrate-producing bacterial genes showed no differences in biopsy tissues. The contents of acetic acid and butyric acid were increased in the faeces of the CAP group, and the HC group had higher contents of t10,c12-CLA.
Conclusion
The results of gut microbiota in faeces showed no specific correlation between CAP patients and healthy individuals, but there was indicate that changes of specific genus might be detrimental to intestinal health. In addition, t10,c12-CLA played an important role in protecting the intestine.
Growth, Visual Quality, and Morphological Responses of 12 Viburnum Taxa to Saline Water Irrigation
Authors: Sun Youping , Chen Ji Jhong , Xing Haifeng , Paudel Asmita , Niu Genhua , Chappell Matthew
Published: July 2020

Viburnums are widely used in gardens and landscapes throughout the United States. Although salinity tolerance varies among plant species, research-based information is limited on the relative salt tolerance of viburnum species. The morphological and growth responses of 12 viburnum taxa to saline solution irrigation were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Viburnum taxa included Viburnum ×burkwoodii, V. cassinoides ‘SMNVCDD’, V. dentatum ‘Christom’, V. dentatum var. deamii ‘SMVDLS’, V. dilatatum ‘Henneke’, V. ×‘NCVX1’, V. nudum ‘Bulk’, V. opulus ‘Roseum’, V. plicatum var. tomentosum ‘Summer Snowflake’, V. pragense ‘Decker’, V. ×rhytidophylloides ‘Redell’, and V. trilobum. A nutrient solution at an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.3 dS·m−1 (control) or saline solutions at ECs of 5.0 and 10.0 dS·m−1 were applied eight times over a 9-week period. Growth, visual quality, and morphological characteristics were quantified at the 4th week and 8th–9th week to assess the impact of salinity stress on the viburnum taxa. Saline solution irrigation imposed detrimental salinity stress on viburnum plant growth and visual quality, and the degree of salt damage was dependent on the salinity levels of irrigation solution and the length of exposure to salinity stress as well as viburnum taxa. Viburnum ×burkwoodii and V. ×‘NCVX1’ had little foliar salt damage during the entire experiment, except those irrigated with saline solution at an EC of 10.0 dS·m−1 exhibited slight to moderate foliar salt damage at the eighth week. Viburnum dilatatum ‘Henneke’, V. plicatum var. tomentosum ‘Summer Snowflake’, and V. trilobum irrigated with saline solution at an EC of 5.0 dS·m−1 had slight and severe foliar salt damage at the 4th and 8th week, respectively. Plants irrigated with saline solution at an EC of 10.0 dS·m−1 exhibited severe foliar salt damage at the 4th week, and all died by the 8th week. Other viburnum taxa also showed various foliar salt damage, especially at an EC of 10.0 dS·m−1. The shoot dry weights of V. ×burkwoodii and V. ×‘NCVX1’ irrigated with saline solution at ECs of 5.0 and 10.0 dS·m−1 were similar to those in the control at both harvest dates. However, the shoot dry weight of other tested viburnum taxa decreased to some extent at the 9th week. A cluster analysis concluded that V. ×burkwoodii and V. ×‘NCVX1’ were considered the most salt-tolerant viburnum taxa, whereas V. dilatatum ‘Henneke’, V. plicatum var. tomentosum ‘Summer Snowflake’, and V. trilobum were sensitive to salinity levels used in this study. This research may guide the green industry to choose relatively tolerant viburnum taxa for landscape use and nursery production where low-quality water is used for irrigation.
THE IMPACT OF BODY MASS INDEX ON ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANRIL GENE POLYMORPHISM AND RENAL CELL CARCINOMA DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Volkogon А. D. , Harbuzova V. Yu. , Ataman О. V.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between rs4977574 polymorphism of the long non-coding RNA ANRIL gene and renal cell carcinoma development depending on body mass index (BMI).

Materials and methods of the research. The venous blood of 101 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) and 100 individuals without cancer history was used for the study. Venous blood leukocyte DNA was extracted using commercial GeneJET Whole Blood Genomic DNA Purification Mini Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Genotyping of ANRIL gene rs4977574 polymorphism was performed by Real-time PCR method using TaqMan assay C_31720978_30. The reaction was performed on Quant Studio 5 DX Real-Time (Applied Biosystems, USA). Obtained data was analyzed using SPSS software package (version 17.0). The mean values ​​between two groups were compared using Student's t-test, between three groups – using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test. The risk of CCRCC onset depending on particular rs4977574-genotype was calculated using binary and multivariate logistic regression under different models of inheritance. P values ​​< 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Results of research. The analysis of results in total sample showed no difference in rs4977574-genotypes distribution between control and cancer groups (P = 0.216). This difference was almost significant (P = 0.053) in individuals with BMI < 25 kg/m2. However, in persons with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 the rs497757-genotypes frequency was significantly different between patients with renal cancer and control subjects (P = 0.002). It was revealed that minor allele G has a protective effect for CCRCC occurrence in subjects with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (OR = 0.300; P = 0.045 – for dominant model of inheritance). Significant results were also preserved after adjusting for sex, age and smoking habit (OR = 0.169; P = 0.031). The analysis of overweight individuals showed that the minor G-allele of ANRIL gene rs4977574 polymorphism, on the contrary, increased the CCRCC risk (OR = 4,552; P = 0.001 – for dominant model; OR = 2.036; P = 0.041 – for super-dominant model). The statistical significance of results was also maintained after adjusting for sex, age and smoking (OR = 4.202; P = 0.030 – for dominant model; OR = 3.785; P = 0.023 – for super-dominant model). It was also found that BMI (27.5 ± 4.2 kg/m2) in CCRCC patients with minor G-allele (genotypes AG and GG) was higher compared to AA-homozygotes (25. 2 ± 4.3 kg/m2; P = 0.028).

Conclusions. BMI affects the nature of association between ANRIL gene rs4977574 polymorphism and CCRCC development. Thus, the minor G-allele reduces the CCRCC risk in persons with normal weight. However, in persons with overweight, G-allele is associated with increased CCRCC risk. Also, there is link between ANRIL gene rs4977574 polymorphism and BMI in CCRCC patients. The BMI in minor G-allele carriers is higher compared to AA-homozygotes.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПАЦІЄНТІВ ІЗ ХРОНІЧНИМ КАЛЬКУЛЬОЗНИМ ХОЛЕЦИСТИТОМ НА СТАЦІОНАРНОМУ ЕТАПІ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ
Authors: Голод Н. Р.
Published: July 2020

Резюме. В роботі проведено аналіз лікування ретроспективної групи пацієнтів з хронічним калькульозним холециститом в ранньому післяопераційному періоді. Щорічне зростання даної патології, яке в Україні складає 10 % від населення, змушує шукати нові підходи до лікування. Дослідження проводилося у рамках наукової роботи «Теоретико-методичні основи фізичної терапії хворих після лапароскопічної холецистектомії».

Методи дослідження: Проведено ретроспективний аналіз 50 медичних карт пацієнтів із ХКХ, які знаходилися на стаціонарному лікуванні у хірургічному відділенні Івано-Франківської центральної міської клінічної лікарні протягом 2018 року.

Метою дослідження є характеристика пацієнтів з хронічним калькульозним холециститом на стаціонарному етапі реабілітації з метою пошуку покращення та удосконалення засобів відновлення функцій організму на різних етапах післяопераційного періоду у хворих на ЖКХ після лапароскопічної холецистектомі.

Всім хворим була проведена лапароскопічна холецистектомія.

1. Ретроспективний аналіз результатів хірургічного лікування хворих на хронічний калькульозний холецистит засвідчив, що при відсутності комплексу реабілітації, який не включений в протоколи, кількість ускладнень склала 34 %, а тривалість госпіталізації 3,76±0,28 дні.

Незадовільні наслідки в ранньому післяопераційному періоді обумовлені відсутністю лікаря фізичної реабілітаційної медицини в лікувальному закладі, комплексу реабілітаційних заходів в протоколах, негативним впливом супутньої патології.

Розробка, впровадження та чітке дотримання комплексу реабілітаційних заходів в подальшому сприятимуть скорішому відновленню пацієнта, зменшенню кількості ускладнень та скороченню терміну перебування у стаціонарі.
ШКАЛА ДЛЯ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ РИЗИКУ ВИНИКНЕННЯ РЕЦИДИВНИХ ВИРАЗКОВИХ КРОВОТЕЧ
Authors: Гринчук Ф. В. , Дутка І. І.
Published: July 2020

Резюме. Однією з причин значної частоти рецидивів гострих виразкових кровотеч (ГВК) є недостатня прогностична надійність відомих шкал.

Метою роботи було напрацювання шкали для прогнозування ризику виникнення рецидивів ГВК і оцінювання її надійності.

Матеріали та методи. 109 хворих на ГВК, у 29 з яких був рецидив кровотечі. Для прогнозування відібрані такі критерії: клас коморбідної патології, анамнез, температура тіла, застосування гемостатичної терапії до госпіталізації, частота пульсу, пульсовий тиск, клас кровотечі за Forrest, загальна кількість лейкоцитів, загальний білок, креатинін, глутатіон відновлений, фібриназа, співвідношення вмісту дієнових конʼюгатів та кетодієнів і спряжених триєнів, протромбіновий індекс, час рекальцифікації плазми, антитромбін ІІІ, фібриноген В, співвідношення не ферментаційної та ферментаційної фібринолітичної активності плазми, протеолітична активність плазми за азоколагеном, рівень окиснення нейтральних білків плазми, поліморфізм 5G4 і G43A гена PAI-1. Кожному з критеріїв була надана певна кількість пунктів.

Результати. Ми пропонуємо поетапне прогнозування. В попередню шкалу внесені критерії, які визначають протягом первинного огляду хворого і проведення ФЕГДС. В основну шкалу додатково внесені дані лабораторного дослідження. Запропонований базовий варіант основної шкали, який містить рутинні критерії, і розширений, який містить критерії стану фібринолізу, протеолізу, редокс-реакцій, генетичних досліджень. Чутливість шкали для попереднього прогнозування становить 89,66%, а специфічність – 86,8%. Чутливість основної базової шкали становить 92,86%, а специфічність – 92,16%. Чутливість розширеної основної шкали зростає до 100%, а специфічність – до 95,83%.

Висновки. Застосування розробленої прогностичної шкали дозволяє обґрунтовано визначати необхідність застосування запобіжних засобів як протягом первинної ФЕГДС, так і впродовж наступного етапу лікування.
Application of electronic accounting systems in commercial banks and their role in meeting the needs of their users An exploratory study of the opinions of a sample of customers of the Bank of Baghdad / Sulaymaniyah Branch
Authors: Hama Amin Othman Abdulqader , Sulaiman Ghazi Abdul Aziz , Faqe Mahmood Dana Akram
Published: July 2020

Electronic systems are important elements for the business organizations, and this importancestands out when it is used to meet the customer's requirement for services produced by these banks users.The complications in current business environment, severe competitions, and the rapid change incustomer's requirements and needs which all do resulted in pushing the banks to adopt Electronic systemof their accounting systems through using tools and procedures away from the old traditional methods, andto force them to change to electronic systems for achieving the best in banking services. The basicexplanation for the existence and continuity of any bank is to provide banking services in such a way tomeet customer’s satisfactions. This will lead the customers to deal with the banks that provide a goodquality of services, effective costs, and appropriate speed.This study aims were to investigate the electronic systems of banking systems and its effect onsatisfying its customers needs. Also, this study intends to be on practical terms with the electronic systemsof banking systems by the quality of accounting information, the achievement of customer's satisfactions.The usage of such systems and the positive results which will be produced through the electronic outputswould increase the qualities and speed in which they will reinforce the confidence of the customers.The study had two sides: Theoretical and practical side. The researchers collected data from Baghdadbank in Sulaimania. At the end, the researcher reached some conclusions. First, the accounting informationplays an important role in banking systems. It is used to activate the banking systems since it satisfies itscostumer's needs. The research shows the connection between the hypothesis variables in (79.0) degrees.Finally, the researchers concluded that it is important to develop the information technology in the bankingsystems, and train the people using them.
The role of human development in achieving sustainable development
Authors: Arif Moein Thabit , Saeed Hashem Mohammad
Published: July 2020

There are several problems of developing countries and distributed causes between physical and administrative , planning, and procedural and legislative , and reference these problems but spin by Ray researcher on human resources that are planned and port , decision maker, it has become these problems sustained and added to it the problem of sustainable environment to add dimension requires policy-making for designs according to need for developing community to prepare human cadres specifications according to the capacity of the community to achieve sustainable development, which is now the other one of the exits of the developing countries of their problems and that of the most prominent legibility of environmental degradation , either through use and consumption pattern of industry and even living, which requires human skills and extensive influence in bringing about change in the course of these facts toward effective solutions , therefore, to address this topic in the forums scientific and practical is important to start a phase change seriously to and an open mind to accept and taking the experiences of countries that have preceded us in this area , targeting the development of possible scenarios and applicable in the reality of these countries and commensurate with the resources and capability to at the current stage of implementation or the future.
A Retrospective Analysis of Provider-to-Patient Secure Messages: How Much Are They Increasing, Who Is Doing the Work, and Is the Work Happening After Hours? (Preprint)
Authors: North Frederick , Luhman Kristine E , Mallmann Eric A , Mallmann Toby J , Tulledge-Scheitel Sidna M , North Emily J , Pecina Jennifer L
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Patient portal registration and the use of secure messaging are increasing. However, little is known about how the work of responding to and initiating patient messages is distributed among care team members and how these messages may affect work after hours.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the growth of secure messages and determine how the work of provider responses to patient-initiated secure messages and provider-initiated secure messages is distributed across care teams and across work and after-work hours.

METHODS

We collected secure messages sent from providers from January 1, 2013, to March 15, 2018, at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, both in response to patient secure messages and provider-initiated secure messages. We examined counts of messages over time, how the work of responding to messages and initiating messages was distributed among health care workers, messages sent per provider, messages per unique patient, and when the work was completed (proportion of messages sent after standard work hours).

RESULTS

Portal registration for patients having clinic visits increased from 33% to 62%, and increasingly more patients and providers were engaged in messaging. Provider message responses to individual patients increased significantly in both primary care and specialty practices. Message responses per specialty physician provider increased from 15 responses per provider per year to 53 responses per provider per year from 2013 to 2018, resulting in a 253% increase. Primary care physician message responses increased from 153 per provider per year to 322 from 2013 to 2018, resulting in a 110% increase. Physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and registered nurses, all contributed to the substantial increases in the number of messages sent.

CONCLUSIONS

Provider-sent secure messages at a large health care institution have increased substantially since implementation of secure messaging between patients and providers. The effort of responding to and initiating messages to patients was distributed across multiple provider categories. The percentage of message responses occurring after hours showed little substantial change over time compared with the overall increase in message volume.
The Effects of Telemonitoring on Patient Compliance With Self-Management Recommendations and Outcomes of the Innovative Telemonitoring Enhanced Care Program for Chronic Heart Failure: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Ding Hang , Jayasena Rajiv , Chen Sheau Huey , Maiorana Andrew , Dowling Alison , Layland Jamie , Good Norm , Karunanithi Mohanraj , Edwards Iain
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Telemonitoring enables care providers to remotely support outpatients in self-managing chronic heart failure (CHF), but the objective assessment of patient compliance with self-management recommendations has seldom been studied.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate patient compliance with self-management recommendations of an innovative telemonitoring enhanced care program for CHF (ITEC-CHF).

METHODS

We conducted a multicenter randomized controlled trial with a 6-month follow-up. The ITEC-CHF program comprised the provision of Bluetooth-enabled scales linked to a call center and nurse care services to assist participants with weight monitoring compliance. Compliance was defined a priori as weighing at least 4 days per week, analyzed objectively from weight recordings on the scales. The intention-to-treat principle was used to perform the analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 184 participants (141/184, 76.6% male), with a mean age of 70.1 (SD 12.3) years, were randomized to receive either ITEC-CHF (n=91) or usual care (control; n=93), of which 67 ITEC-CHF and 81 control participants completed the intervention. For the compliance criterion of weighing at least 4 days per week, the proportion of compliant participants in the ITEC-CHF group was not significantly higher than that in the control group (ITEC-CHF: 67/91, 74% vs control: 56/91, 60%; P=.06). However, the proportion of ITEC-CHF participants achieving the stricter compliance standard of at least 6 days a week was significantly higher than that in the control group (ITEC-CHF: 41/91, 45% vs control: 23/93, 25%; P=.005).

CONCLUSIONS

ITEC-CHF improved participant compliance with weight monitoring, although the withdrawal rate was high. Telemonitoring is a promising method for supporting both patients and clinicians in the management of CHF. However, further refinements are required to optimize this model of care.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12614000916640; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=366691