bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Aeroallergens in Allergic Rhinitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Pokharel Monika , Shrestha Bikash Lal , Karn Dharmendra , Dhakal Ashish , K.C. Abha Kiran , Shrestha Krishna Sundar , Shakya Sushan
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased significantly globally over the last two decades. Detection of sensitizing aeroallergens plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of this troublesome disease. This study aims to investigate the spectrum of aeroallergens sensitization in patients with allergic rhinitis in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of our hospital between January 2016 to December 2019. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (No: 210/19). Patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis were enrolled using the convenience sampling technique. Data entry and analysis was done using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0.

Results: Among 170 patients, altogether 103 (60.6%) patients yielded positive responses on the skin prick test. The most prevalent aeroallergens were Lepidoglyphus 86 (50.60%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 85 (50%), Dermatophagoides farina 82 (48.20%), Thyrophagus 50 (29.40%), Blomia 46 (27.10%), Acarus 43 (25.30%), cat dander 26 (15.30%), dog dander 24 (14.10%), cow and buffalo dander 20 (11.8%), ragweed 20 (11.8%), grass pollen 18 (10.60%) and mugwort 17 (10%).

Conclusions: This study highlights that the frequency of aeroallergens based on skin prick test in patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital which showed the dominance of house dust mites, dog and cat hair, pollen, and grasses. Reduced exposure and training of patients about protection against these agents will possibly help in controlling the severity of allergic rhinitis in this region.
Prevalence of Acute Pediatric Burns in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Nakarmi Kiran Kishor , Pathak Bishnu Deep
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Burn injury is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in children worldwide. Mortality is higher in developing countries than in developed ones. Most of them occur in predictable domestic settings and can be prevented. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of acute pediatric burns in a hospital setting.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing the secondary data of burn cases admitted during the years 2016 AD to 2018 AD in a tertiary care hospital after taking ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC No. 016-2019). The sample size was calculated and systematic random sampling was done. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 23. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.

Results: The prevalence of acute pediatric burns at the hospital was found to be 101 (29.71%) (24.85-34.57 at 95% Confidence Interval). The majority of them were males 54 (53.47%) and toddlers 39 (38.61%). Scalding 54 (53.47%) was the main etiology. Most of the burn injuries occurred inside the house 76 (75.25%) and on November 11 (10.9%). The mortality rate was 11 (10.89%).

Conclusions: The prevalence of acute pediatric burns in a hospital setting was lower than most other countries but mortality was higher. The majority of the burn injuries occurred inside the house. Therefore, special focus should be done on prevention at the household level. Adequate medical services for emergency management of childhood burns should be available in different parts of the country.
Washing Hands according to the WHO Guideline since the COVID-19 Outbreak in the Context of Medical Undergraduates at a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Khadka Anuska , Dani Saurav
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Hand washing is an important preventive measure to avoid transmission of Coronavirus Disease of 2019. Medical students should be acquainted with the World Health Organization’s hand-washing guidelines and should follow them to break the chain of spread of the virus. This study aims to find the acquaintance of medical undergraduates with the guidelines and to find out if they have started implementing these guidelines since the corona-virus outbreak.

Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted among MBBS, BSc, and PCL nursing students in their first year to the internship of a tertiary care hospital from May 2020 to August 2020, and ethical clearance was received from the Institutional Review Committee (ref no: IRC-LMC 11-D/020) of Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Data collection was done through online questionnaires. Data analysis of the obtained information was done in Microsoft-excel. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.

Results: Of 462 respondents, 265 (57.4%) (52.9-61.9 at 95% Confidence Interval) respondents followed the World Health Organization hand-washing guidelines during every hand wash. Among them 172 (37.2%) participants had learned the guidelines through awareness programs. The majority of respondents belonged to 20-25 age groups, 275 (59.5%), and the majority were pursuing an MBBS degree, 360 (77.9%).

Conclusions: We conclude that a notable number of medical undergraduates have been acquainted with standard hand-washing guidelines since the corona-virus outbreak, but some of them still do not follow the guidelines practically. Therefore, effective and impactful awareness programs need to be launched to improve hand hygiene practices.
Human Poisoning due to Delphinium species in the Himalayan Region of Nepal: A Case Report
Authors: Adhikari Santosh , Bhandari Abhishek
Published: January 2021

The Delphinium species herb, common name ‘Nirmasi’ in Nepal, is one of the community level flower herbs used as medicinal ingredients in various clinical problems in Manang District and other Himalayan parts of Nepal. Roots of the plants from the genus Delphinium have been used for a long time for headache, epilepsy, mania, paralysis, rheumatism, toothache, and various types of pain. However, many species of Delphinium are poisonous and look quite similar in morphology to the beneficial ones. As a result, accidental poisoning is common. Poisoning due to these plants results in symptoms due to gastric irritation, competitive neuromuscular blockade, and cardiotoxicity caused by various alkaloids present in them. We report here a case of poisoning due to Delphinium species ingestion presenting as hypotension and bradycardia managed successfully with symptomatic treatment.
Prevalence of Hysterectomy among Gynecological Surgeries in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Manandhar Tara , Sitaula Sarita , Thapa Baburam Dixit , Agrawal Ajay , Thakur Achala
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Hysterectomy is the most common gynecological procedure. Over the last decade, the minimally invasive approach has been practiced more frequently. Fibroid uterus being the most common indication for hysterectomy justifies this minimal approach, however, whenever feasible, vaginal hysterectomy can be the preferred route. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence and indication of hysterectomy among major gynecological surgeries in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done at a tertiary care hospital among 1912 patients who had major gynecological surgeries from January 2017 to December 2019. Ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional review committee (ref. no. ACD 935/076/077). Convenient sampling was used. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.

Results: During the study period, there were 1,912 major gynecological surgeries and the prevalence of hysterectomy was 1,131 (59.15%) (56.94-61.35 at 95% Confidence Interval). Fibroid uterus was the most common clinical indication for hysterectomy which was done in 397 (35.10%) patients, followed by uterovaginal prolapse in 254 (22.46) patients, adnexal mass in 210 (18.56%), and abnormal uterine bleeding in 117 (10.34%) patients.

Conclusions: Hysterectomy, being the most common gynecological surgery, selection of the most appropriate route is of paramount importance. As for any other surgery, it is not without complication and hysterectomy should always be justified. With the advancement in the conservative approaches, these organ-preserving options should be explored rigorously before opting for hysterectomy.
Takayasu’s Arteritis with Subcutaneous Nodules in a 4-year -old Child: A Case Report
Authors: Das Sunil Kumar , Dahal Aakrit , Shrestha Nikhil , Tnawanasu Sajal , Sharma Subash
Published: January 2021

A 4-year-old girl who presented with pain in the abdomen, subcutaneous nodule, fever and was later diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis . Oral corticosteroid and methotrexate were started. Childhood TA should be kept in differential diagnosis when presented with subcutaneous nodules and increased acute phase reactants.
Cases of Left Against Medical Advice from the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pant Manish Nath , Jha Saswat Kumar , Shrestha Sauravi
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Left against medical advice is a worldwide phenomenon. Patients leaving against Left against medical advice do not provide the health professionals with legal impunity. A well-informed consent should be present with surety that they are well understood by the patient before they leave. The study was undertaken to study the prevalence of patients that leave against medical advice.

Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital from 1st February 2020 to 31 July 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (ref. no. 130120205). The sample size was calculated and the convenient sampling method was used. Data were analyzed in the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences version 22. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.

Results: Out of 5834 visits, 332 (5.96%) (4.70-7.22 at 95% Confidence Interval) patients left against medical advice. The mean age was 36.48 years (3 days-91 years) and males 173 (52.3%) were prone to leave than females. Only 50 (15.1%) cases had well-informed consent with complications documented. Hundred (30.5%) patients had wanted to come on follow up the next day in the out-patient department while 41 (12.4%) had to leave because of financial reasons. Only seven (2.9%) of well-oriented patients gave their consent and the remaining 233 (97.1%) were by the kin present. Only 76 (23%) patients were sent home with a well-documented medicine prescription.

Conclusions: The proportion of patients who left against medical advice was more than the studies done in a similar setting.
Out of pocket Expenditure on Health Service Delivery at a Tertiary Care Women’s Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gartaula Puja , Neupane Shristi , Thakur Dip Narayan , Sangroula Raj Kumar
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Institutional delivery in Nepal is increasing in the past decades and has been the priority program of the government of Nepal. However, due to the hidden costs related to institutional deliveries, the financial burden remains unacceptably high for poor households. The study aimed to find out the major out of pocket expenditure on health service delivery at a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital from December 2018 to May 2019. Ethical approval was taken from Nepal Health Research Council (ref. no. 2087) and permission was taken from the hospital. Informed consent was taken from the participants. Convenient sampling was done. A semi-structured questionnaire was used as a tool for the interview. Data was entered into Epidata and analyzed using the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences version 23. Descriptive analysis was done using mean, median, standard deviation, inter-quartile range, frequency, and percentage.

Results: The median out of pocket expenditure of the participants to maternal delivery was NRs. 11720 (7610–20263). The median expenditure was found highest for food and drinking NRs. 2500 (1500–5550) and transportation NRs. 2150 (1400–4543) respectively.

Conclusions: Indirect expenditures were found to be higher than direct medical expenditures. Accessibility of the birthing centers and health insurance may reduce the costs related to maternal deliveries.
Being an imposter: Growing Out of Impostership
Authors: Mainali Sumina
Published: January 2021

Imposter syndrome is the fear of being discovered as an intellectual fraud. It is an internal experience of believing that you are not as competent as others perceive you to be. It lowers a person’s inner self-confidence, self-esteem that impedes work performance and this phenomenon is more prevalent among medical students. However, talking openly about it with peers, rooting positive thoughts, and building confidence help us to the appropriate reality of our situation and counter our negative self-talk.
Normal Anatomy and Variants of Renal Vasculature with Multidetector Computed Tomography in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Regmi Pradeep Raj , Amatya Isha , Kayastha Prakash , Paudel Sharma , Suwal Sundar , Ghimire Ram Kumar
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Variation in renal vasculature is quite common and has important implication in surgical planning. Computed tomography has high accuracy in evaluation of renal vasculature. The study was done to estimate the prevalence and pattern of variations of renal vasculature through contrast-enhanced computed tomography in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 6th April 2016 to 6th April 2017. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional Review Board, Institute of Medicine (reference number 325). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed on 188 patients enrolled through convenient sampling and variations of renal vasculature were evaluated. Data were analyzed based on the types of variations and descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 16.

Results: Out of the 188 patients, 60 (31.9%) had accessory renal arteries. The most common variant was hilar artery comprising 38 (20.2%) cases whereas polar artery was present in 21(11.1%) cases and the capsular artery was present in one (0.5%) case. Eleven (5.8%) cases had single and five (2.6%) had multiple accessory polar arteries. Single and unilateral hilar artery was present in 28 (14.8%) whereas multiple accessory hilar arteries were present in two (1.1%) cases. Early bifurcation of the renal artery was noted in 15 (7.9%) cases. Double right renal vein was the most common venous variant seen in 12 (6.3%) cases. Retroaortic left renal vein was noted in four (2.1%) cases.

Conclusions: Significant patients undergoing computed tomography examination had renal vascular variations. Therefore, Computed Tomography plays key role as a noninvasive method for anatomic evaluation of renal vascular variants.
Primary High Grade Serous Carcinoma of the Fallopian Tube: A Case Report
Authors: Dhakhwa Ramesh , Vaidya Anshu , Giri Amrita , Shakya Archana , Vaidya Achala
Published: January 2021

A 49-year-old, perimenopausal nulliparous woman with lower abdominal pain and abnormal uterine bleeding. Clinical and radiological findings suggested a right adnexal tumor. CA-125 level was moderately elevated. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was done. Peroperative findings revealed a soft to friable growth arising from right fallopian tube with no involvement of ovaries. Histopathologic examination confirmed it to be a high grade serous carcinoma, FIGO stage IA. The histomorphology resembled high grade serous carcinoma of ovary, however ovaries on both sides appeared unremarkable. Surgery was uneventful and the patient was discharged after seven days of hospital stay. She did not receive postoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy and is under follow-up. The case is reported for its occurrence in an uncommon anatomic site and preoperative dilemma with relevant review of literature.
Országos Könyvtári Platform – központi könyvtári szolgáltatások együttműködő rendszere
Authors: Lendvay Miklós
Published: January 2021

In 2020/21, the collaborative distributed Hungarian library platform will be completed and introduced, revolutionizing library services with state-of-the-art IT solutions. The Hungarian National Library Platform (HNLP) puts the national library services, the common catalog and interlibrary loan, the services of the ISBN office, the digitization cooperation on a new foundation, and integrates the Hungarian National Namespace and opens up entity-based data connections beyond the library world. It expands the range of services provided to readers, providing legitimate digital content to both library visitors and remotely logged in online users. It provides modern interfaces for publishers and authors to expand the range of information about their publications with relevant data. It is open to libraries to replace, in part or in full, their existing IT solutions and, moving into the cloud-based system, use it as their own integrated library platform. The parameterdriven HNLP allows connected libraries to create a unique brand image, deliver their collections in the most diverse way, while becoming an integral part of an entity-based data model-based metadata repository and digital object repository. The collaboration between libraries, which began in 2016 with the design of the new platform, has now entered a new phase: our partners review the specifications, the libraries provide their data for the developed modules, test the system elements, and then the entire platform in an integrated way. The first module of the HNLP, the “old and rare books” module, was launched in October 2019, followed by the launch of the Library Science Library in 2020, and in 2021 the operation of the National Széchényi Library in this modern environment will follow. What are the main pillars of this platform? What secures the required flexibility? What makes it capable of accommodating any type of metadata and serving any type of library? How can all types of libraries be connected, small and large libraries, university and church, public and private libraries alike? How is the system open to the processing of archival and museum materials? What has been achieved so far and what are the next steps until the full transition?
MARC21 tartalmi adatmezők használata jelentősebb nagykönyvtárakban. Egy elemzés néhány tanulsága
Authors: Ungváry Rudolf
Published: January 2021

Király Péter letöltötte és elemezte 16 jelentős nemzeti és tudományos könyvtár (köztük két magyar nagykönyvtár és a MOKKA) bibliográfiai MARC21 állományát. Az OSZK katalógusállományának letöltéséhez nem járultak hozzá. Az elemzés kiterjedt a MARC21 (és adott esetben HUNMARC) összes adatelem-típusára és -értékére. Az elemzés alapján következtetések vonhatók le arról, hogy milyen főbb feldolgozási jellegzetességei vannak az egyes könyvtárak katalógusainak, az alkalmazott könyvtári feldolgozórendszerről és kötött szótárakról, valamint összehasonlíthatók az egyes könyvtárak katalógusai egymás között. A tanulmányban csak a források tartalomra vonatkozó adatelemeit elemeztük. Csak HUNMARC-almezőket halványan, a hibás almezőket halványan és három kérdőjellel jelöltem.
Cemento biocerámico como barrera apical en diente permanente no vital con ápice inmaduro
Authors: Sarmiento-Cárdenas Andrea
Published: January 2021

La terapia endodóntica de los dientes con ápices inmaduros asociados a diversas patologías es la apexificación. Desde hace muchos años los materiales convencionales utilizados en esta técnica fueron el Hidróxido de Calcio y MTA. Es así, que debido a los varios limitantes que estos presentan en sus indicaciones clínicas se creó el Biodentine, con propiedades físico mecánicas superiores semejantes a la dentina natural, que estimula a la cicatrización de tejidos perirradiculares dañados y regeneración ósea. En este reporte de caso clínico se muestra un tratamiento exitoso de apexificación a los 6 meses, tras un traumatismo dentoalveolar y presencia de periodontitis apical crónica, a base de un cemento de trisilicato de calcio como sello apical, lo que comprueba que este material también puede remplazar a la dentina a nivel radicular.
Eficacia de la cirugía mucogingival posterior a la eliminación de un granuloma piógeno: reporte de un caso.
Authors: Pereira-Heredia Gabriela
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es demostrar la efectividad de la cirugía mucogingival en función al colgajo de posición coronal en la cobertura radicular, como tratamiento adjunto en la remoción quirúrgica de un granuloma piógeno que es próximo a la encía marginal de los órganos dentarios antero superior. El granuloma piógeno es una lesión hiperplásica e inflamatoria que se presenta en cualquier zona de la mucosa oral y se origina del tejido conjuntivo del periostio o de la membrana periodontal. Para restituir el defecto residual formado por la remoción de dicho granuloma, se realizó un colgajo de posición coronal en combinación con un injerto de tejido conectivo subepitelial obtenido de la tuberosidad del maxilar, con la finalidad de generar aumento de la encía queratinizada, similitud en el color y recuperación de textura del área tratada. Dando como resultado volumen del tejido gingival y una adecuada estética a nivel de la encía.
Efectos de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la educación dental de las facultades de odontología de varias universidades de la India.
Authors: Shah Pretam
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 tuvo una rápida y repentina diseminación que ha traspasado todas las fronteras, por lo que se impusieron bloqueos y se paralizó el mundo entero. La actual pandemia afectó a varios estratos de la sociedad, desde los vendedores de verduras hasta las grandes empresas. La naturaleza del virus, como su transmisión a través del aerosol y su presencia en la saliva, ha supuesto una gran amenaza para los dentis- tas, por lo que todo el espectro de la fraternidad dental se ha visto afectado. El gobierno impuso cierres, el distanciamiento social se hizo obligatorio lo que afectó al contacto cara a cara en actividades como los programas de enseñanza y formación, dando un acceso limitado al aprendizaje clínico en odontología.
CHALLENGES OF USING DIFFERENT MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR LOAD BALANCING OPTIMIZATION IN MULTI-CORE COMPUTING SYSTEMS
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Ismayilova Nigar
Published: January 2021

This paper examines the role of applying different artificial intelligence techniques for the implementation of load balancing in the dynamic environment of distributed multi-core computing systems. Were investigated several methods to optimize the assignment process between computing nodes and executing tasks after the occurrence of a dynamic and interactive event, when traditional discrete load balancing techniques are ineffective.
SYNTHESIS OF ZONAL CONTROL OF LUMPED SOURCES FOR THE HEAT CONDUCTION PROCESS
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Kuliev Samir
Published: January 2021

The paper studies the problem of synthesis of control of lumped sources for an object with distributed parameters based on discrete observation of the phase state at specific object points. We propose an approach in which the whole phase space at the observed points is preliminarily divided in some way into given subsets (zones). The synthesized controls are selected from the class of piecewise-constant functions, and their current values are determined by a subset of the phase space containing the population of current states of the object at the observed points, at which controls take constant values. Such synthesized controls are called zonal. We give a numerical technique for obtaining optimal values of zonal controls using efficient first-order optimization methods. To this purpose, we derive formulas for the gradient of the objective function in the space of zonal controls.
AUTOMATICS NUMBER PLATE RECOGNITION USING CONVOLUTION NEURAL NETWORK
Authors:   Calcutta University, Roy Siddhartha
Published: January 2021

In the last few years, Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) systems have become widely used for security, safety, and also commercial aspects such as parking control access, and legal steps for the red light violation, highway speed detection, and stolen vehicle detection. The license plate of any vehicle contains a number of numeric characters recognized by the computer. Each country in the world has specific characteristics of the license plate. Due to rapid development in the information system field, the previous manual license plate number writing process in the database is replaced by special intelligent device in a real-time environment. Several approaches and techniques are exploited to achieve better systems accuracy and real-time execution. It is a process of recognizing number plates using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) on images. This paper proposes a deep learning-based approach to detect and identify the Indian number plate automatically. It is based on new computer vision algorithms of both number plate detection and character segmentation. The training needs several images to obtain greater accuracy. Initially, we have developed a training set database by training different segmented characters. Several tests were done by varying the Epoch value to observe the change of accuracy. The accuracy is more than 95% that presents an acceptable value compared to related works, which is quite satisfactory and recognizes the blurred number plate.
Techniques for collecting and breeding Diptera Muscomorpha in the laboratory
Authors: Marchiori Carlos Henrique
Published: January 2021

Some species of dipterous included in the infraorder Muscomorpha are of fundamental medical and veterinary importance, since they can produce myiasis and act towards transmission of pathogens to humans and animals. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of techniques for collecting and breeding Diptera Muscomorpha (flies) in the laboratory. The adults collected in the field were placed in a freezer for a period of 2 minutes, to be anesthetized by the cold facilitating the separation. After separation, the adults were transferred to a cage (30 cm long x 15 cm wide x 15 cm high) containing water-soaked gauze, a mixture of milk powder, brewer's yeast and sugar to feed them. For oviposition of adult females, minced meat (baits) was provided. This content with eggs and larvae was transferred to plastic cups containing fermented food for pupae development of larvae. The cups were later transferred to the adult cages for emergence. The fermented feed used as oviposition medium was the most attractive for females in the laboratory, but also maintained adequate humidity and temperature for egg development. The mixture of powdered milk, sugar and brewer's yeast was ideal for adult food. This substrate increased adult longevity and average egg productivity per female.

KEYWORDS: flies, chicken, poultry, study, adults, eggs, larval.
Model Development for Prediction of Surface Roughness by using of AI Technique
Authors: Tauseef Mohd. , Kumar Verma Dheeraj
Published: January 2021

The surface roughness of manufactured product is final results of the turning technique parameters, and an critical characteristics that outline product first-rate, aesthetics etc. It imposes one of the most essential constraints for the choice of machines and slicing parameters in manner planning. In this paper, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method has been used to develop surface roughness prediction model the use of experimental statistics, wherein Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) the usage of Back Propagation set of rules and Levenberg-Marquardt education function has been used. The work has been done using Neural etwork Toolbox in MATLAB. The overall performance of the version has been assessed based totally on Regression analysis, Mean Square Error (MSE) and Magnitude of Relative Error (MRE). A three-2-1 model with two neurons in the hidden layer turned into discovered to be the excellent developed model, having universal regression ( R) cost of zero.9923 and pleasant validation overall performance MSE value of 0.00913. The ANN model confirmed incredible consequences for forecasting
Критерії прийнятності індивідуальних заяв до Європейського суду з прав людини
Authors: Розумовський О. С.
Published: January 2021

Розглянуто питання права на індивідуальне звернення фізичною та юридичною особою до Європейського суду з прав людини. Проведено аналіз підстав для звернення осіб із індивідуальною заявою до Європейського суду з прав людини. Досліджено базові умови прийнятності індивідуальної заяви, яка повинна відповідати вимогам, щоб заява заслуговувала на її розгляд Європейським судом з прав людини. Надано пропозиції щодо вирішення окремих ситуацій, які допоможуть особам упевнено звертатись до Європейського суду з прав людини за захистом своїх порушених прав під час реалізації положень національного законодавства.
EVALUATION ON RESIDUAL MONOMER OF HDDMA MATRIX SYSTEM ON FIDER REINFORCED CONDOSITES (FRC)
Authors: Siti Sunarintyas  , Widowati Siswomihardjo  , Dyah Irnawati  , Jukka Pekka Matinlinna
Published: January 2021

Matrix system used bis-GMA was reported hazardously. An alternative monomer such as 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate(HDDMA) was under research. The aim of this study was to evaluate residual monomer content of HDDMA basedmatrix compositions on FRCs (fiber-reinforced composites). Three monomers based on bis-GMA (Sigma-Aldrich,USA),methylmethacrylate (MMA, ProSciTech, Australia), HDDMA (Esstech, USA) were used and also camphorquinone (CQ,Esstech, USA), N,N-cyanoethyl methylaniline (CEMA, Esstech, USA), E-glass fibers (StickTech, Finland). The matrixratios (weight %) were 78.4% bis-GMA+19.6% MMA+1.0% CQ+1.0% CEMA (control-group), 78.4% HDDMA+19.6% MMA+1.0% CQ+1.0% CEMA (EXP-1group), and 49.0% HDDMA+49.0% MMA+1.0% CQ+1.0% CEMA(EXP-2group). Samples with fibers embedded in matrix were light-cured then powdered. Powder of 150mg was dilutedin acetonitrile to 10ml. The solution was filtered then injected into HPLC (20µL). Residual monomer content wasevaluated by mobile phase of acetonitrile and water of 7:3, flow rate 1mL/minute. The size of column was C185µ,125mm length, 4mm diameter. UV detection used 275nm. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. The result showed theaverage of residual monomer content (in %) was: 0.02125±0.00018 (control-group), 0.01660±0.00016 (EXP-1group),0.01676±0.00033 (EXP-2group). The ANOVA showed significant difference of monomer content among the groups(p<0.05). The LSD showed significant difference between EXP-1 and control-groups; also between EXP-2 and controlgroups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between EXP-1 and EXP-2 groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, a resinmatrix system based on HDDMA–MMA (EXP-1 and EXP-2 groups) revealed significant difference of residualmonomer content to bis-GMA–MMA (control-group) system. The HDDMA-MMA matrix system had less residualmonomer content than bis-GMA-MMA.
PROSPECT OF USING PROPOLIS IN CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTIC TREATMENT (BASIC RESEARCH VS CLINICAL APPLICATION)
Authors: Ardo Sabir
Published: January 2021

Propolis is a resinous hive product, collected by bees from tree buds and mixed with secreted bee wax in order to avoidbacterial contamination in the hive, and also to seal it. It is acknowledged that propolis has antimicrobial activity as wellas anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, immuno-regulatory, and regenerative tissue properties. Chemically, propolisis exceedingly complex and contains a rich variety of potent terpene, benzoic, caffeic, cinnamic, aromatic aldehyde,phenolic acid, and also high in flavonoid. Recently, propolis has been the subject of several studies, both in vitro and invivo or even at animal or human with the aim to elucidate its biological and pharmacological properties. The use ofpropolis in dentistry has been done in few years ago for various purposes such as in treatment of periodontitis and dentalcaries, to accelerate the healing of post-extraction wounds, to treat aphthous stomatitis, as a storage media following teethavulsion. The result of basic research of propolis apparently was useful to support its clinical application in dentistry.However, standardization the composition of propolis due to its chemical diversity is still a problem. Therefore thepurposes of this review article were (1) to explain the prospect of propolis in conservative dentistry and endodontictreatment, and (2) to stimulate the interest of clinicians to make further research about this natural compound in dentistry.In conclusion, propolis is a natural medication with a promising future but further studies should be conducted toinvestigate its merit and demerits in clinical dentistry
MEMBRAN GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION UNTUK REGENERASI PERIODONTAL
Authors: Agus Susanto  , Susi Susanah  , Bambang Pontjo  , Mieke Hemiawati Satari
Published: January 2021

Berbagai teknik bedah dan bahan terus dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan regenerasi periodontal. Salah satu metode bedahyang sering digunakan pada defek periodontal adalah menggunakan barriermembranguided tissue regeneration (GTR) atauguided bone regeneration (GBR). Prinsip GTR/GBR adalah menggunakan barriermembran untuk menutupi tulang danligamen periodontal, kemudian memisahkannya sementara dari epitel gusi. Fungsi membran ini meningkatkan dan menjagabekuan darah dan bertindak sebagai scaffold untuk perlekatan dan proliferasi sel. Terdapat dua jenis membran yaitumembran non resorbable dan resorbable. Membran non resorbable pada umumnya terbuat dari polytetrafluoroethylene,membran ini sifatnya stabil, nondegradable dan biokompatibel, tetapi penggunaannya memerlukan bedah kedua untukmengambil membran. Membran resorbable berasal dari bahan sintetis seperti polyglycolic, polylactic acid dan bahan alamiseperti kolagen dan laminar bone. Pembuatan membran yang ideal masih terus dikembangkan, membran kolagen saat inilebih sering digunakan karena mempunyai biocompatibility yang optimal walaupun tingkat resorpsi membran sulit untukdiprediksi.
PERBEDAAN INKLINASI INSISIVUS PADA PASIEN MALOKLUSI KLAS I DAN KLAS II SKELETAL DENGAN POLA PERNAFASAN NORMAL DAN PERNAFASAN MELALUI MULUT
Authors: Lubis Hilda Fitria , Selvarajoo Nishanthi
Published: January 2021

Pernafasan atau respirasi adalah proses masuk dan keluarnya udara ke dalam dan keluar paru-paru. Pada pernafasan normal, udara masuk dan keluar melalui hidung. Pernafasan mulut terjadi karena adanya kesulitan dalam bernafas melalui hidung. Bernafas melalui mulut dapat mengubah postur kepala, rahang dan lidah, dan ini akan mengubah keseimbangan tekanan pada rahang dan gigi serta mempengaruhi pertumbuhan rahang dan posisi gigi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan inklinasi gigi insisivus maksila, inklinasi dan mandibula serta sudut interinsisal pada pasien maloklusi Klas I dan Klas II skeletal dengan pola pernafasan normal dan pernafasan melalui mulut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan 44 foto sefalometri lateral pasien yang bernafas normal dan bernafas melalui mulut berusia antara 8-12 tahun. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menghitung rerata dan standar deviasi inklinasi gigi insisivus maksila, inklinasi gigi insisivus mandibula dan sudut interinsisal. Hasil uji-t Independen menunjukkan nilai rerata derajat dan ukuran linear inklinasi gigi insisivus maksila dan sudut interinsisal pada maloklusi Klas I skeletal dan derajat inklinasi gigi insisivus maksila, ukuran linear inklinasi gigi insisivus mandibula dan sudut interinsisal pada maloklusi Klas II skeletal antara pernafasan normal dan pernafasan melalui mulut terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan.
PENURUNAN HIDROFOBISITAS PERMUKAAN SEL BAKTERI PLAK GIGI SETELAH DIPAPAR REBUSAN DAUN SIRIH MERAH KONSENTRASI 10%
Authors: Haniastuti Tetiana
Published: January 2021

Perlekatan bakteri plak pada permukaan gigi berperan penting dalam inisiasi perkembangan plak gigi. Struktur permukaan dinding sel bakteri yang bersifat hidrofobik berperan dalam perlekatan sel bakteri pada pelikel yang melapisi permukaan gigi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh rebusan daun sirih merah konsentrasi 10% terhadap hidrofobisitas permukaan sel bakteri plak gigi in vitro. Bakteri plak diperoleh dari permukaan bukal gigi molar pertama rahang atas sukarelawan sehat. Hidrofobisitas permukaan sel bakteri dievaluasi dengan menggunakan metode perlekatan bakteri pada hidrokarbon. Suspensi sel dicampur dengan rebusan daun sirih merah konsentrasi 10% atau akuades sebagai kontrol dengan volume yang sama. Setelah dibiarkan dengan posisi tabung berdiri tegak selama 15 menit, ditambahkan n-hexadecane dan dikocok secara merata. Densitas optik dari fase air ditentukan secara turbidimetri. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa hidrofobisitas bakteri plak yang terpapar rebusan daun sirih merah konsentrasi 10% lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Hasil uji T menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kedua kelompok.  Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa paparan rebusan daun sirih merah konsentrasi 10% menurunkan hidrofobisitas permukaan sel bakteri plak gigi.
GAMBARAN MALOKLUSI DAN KEBIASAAN BURUK PENDERITA SINDROM DOWN USIA 6-18 TAHUN DI SLB-C KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Salmiah Siti , Mustafa Nurul Sukma
Published: January 2021

Sindrom Down merupakan salah satu bentuk retardasi mental akibat kelainan genetik atau kelainan kromosom yang paling sering terjadi.Sindrom ini dapat ditandai dengan retardasi mental dan karakteristik fisik yang khas seperti maloklusi sebagai salah satu manifestasi oral khas pada penderita ini.Maloklusi sendiri memiliki berbagai faktor etiologi, salah satunya kebiasaan buruk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi maloklusi dan kebiasaan buruk pada anak sindrom Down usia 6-18 Tahun di SLB-C Kota Medan.Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei deskriptif. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini sebesar 82 anak usia 6-18 tahun yang merupakan jumlah seluruh anak sindrom Down yang bersekolah di 8 SLB-C yang ada di Kota Medan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara terhadap orang tua dan pemeriksaan klinis pada rongga mulut anak. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara manual dan komputerisasi. Data distribusi disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dengan hasil persentase. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan prevalensi maloklusi berdasarkan klasifikasi Angle pada anak sindrom Down usia 6-18 tahun di SLB-C Kota Medan sebesar 31,71% anak memiliki hubungan molar Klas I, 3,66% Klas II, dan 48,78% Klas III. Bentuk maloklusi paling banyak adalah gigitan silang anterior yaitu 42,68%, diikuti oleh crowding 39,02%, gigitan terbuka anterior sebanyak 23,17%, dan gigitan silang posterior 21,95%. Kebiasaan buruk paling tinggi adalah tongue thrusting yaitu 41,46%, bernapas melalui mulut 40,24%, bruxism 37,8%, menghisap jari 36,58%, dan menggigit kuku atau jari 21,95%. Prevalensi maloklusi dan kebiasaan buruk pada anak sindrom Down ini tergolong cukup tinggi. Hal ini perlu menjadi perhatian orang tua/wali/pengasuh untuk meminimalisir kebiasaan buruk tersebut agar pengunyahan dan fonetik anak dapat berfungsi dengan optimal. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingginya prevalensi kebiasaan buruk tersebut menyebabkan tingginya prevalensi maloklusi pada penderita sindrom Down.
PENGARUH BERKUMUR EKSTRAK BUAH DELIMA TERHADAP TERAPI GINGIVITIS
Authors: Pribadi Indra Mustika Setia , Rusminah Nunung , Komara Ira
Published: January 2021

Delima merupakan salah satu buah yang kaya antioksidan. Kandungan flavonoid dalam delima berkhasiat dapat mencegah gingivitis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efek ekstrak buah delima yang dibuat dalam bentuk obat kumur dengan konsentrasi 5 dan 10% sebagai obat kumur terhadap penurunan skor gingiva. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental semu menggunakan desain single blind, pre and post study. Sampel sebanyak 30 orang diambil secara purposive sampling. Subyek penelitian dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok A berkumur dengan ekstrak buah delima 5% dan  kelompok B berkumur dengan ekstrak buah delima 10%. Subyek diminta berkumur 2 kali sehari selama 15 hari dibandingkan hasilnya dengan menggunakan indeks gingiva Loe and Silness. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berkumur dengan ekstrak delima konsentrasi 10% menyebabkan penurunan skor gingiva sebesar 48% pada minggu pertama dan 77% pada minggu ke-2 sedangkan penurunan skor gingiva dengan ekstrak delima konsentrasi 5%, sebesar 11% pada minggu pertama dan 27% pada minggu ke-2. Sebagai kesimpulan, peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak obat kumur buah delima lebih efektif menurunkan tingkat keparahan gingivitis.
DISINFECTION CAPACITY OF MOUTHWASHES USING AS ADMIX SOLUTION OF ALGINATE IMPRESSION
Authors: Sastrodihardjo Sumadhi , Harahap Kholidina Imanda
Published: January 2021

Immersion and spraying with disinfectant solution are the effective disinfection methods for alginate impression. However these methods causes dimensional changes on impression. Therefore mouthwash, which also has disinfectant function on microorganism can be used as mixing solution for alginate impression material. The aim of this study is to analyze antibacterial capacity of mouthwashes that used as admix solution for alginate impression. Samples was made from alginate impression material in tablet form with 15 mm diameter and 1 mm thickness. Total samples are 35 , 5 for admix with aquadest as control, chlorhexidine 0.1%, povidon iodine, sodium fluoride 0.1% wv, respectively. Samples were put on incubated Staphylococcus aureus in petri dish and kept in incubator for 24 hours at 37°C. Immersion was performed by dipping 15 samples of hygedent admix with aquadest into mouthwash liquids for 15 minutes. Inhibition zone was measured by using digital calliper. Statistic analysis was performed by using ANOVA one way and unpaired t-test. The admix with chlorhexidine 0.1% show the inhibition zone by 8.09 mm, povidon iodine 0.52 mm, and sodium fluoride 0.1% wv 2.91 mm. By using immersion method they show 7.63 mm inhibition zone for chlorhexidine 0.1%, 1.51 mm for povidon iodine, and 0.91 mm for sodium fluoride 0.1% wv. There are insignificant differences between admix and immerse with chlorhexidine 0.1% solution (p= 0.25). It can be concluded that chlorhexidine mouthwash 0.1% has the equal antibacterial capacity when used for admix solution nor immerse the alginate impression.
EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIOXIDANT PSIDIUM GUAJAVA L LEAF EXTRACT TO MINOR TYPE RECURRENT STOMATITIS AFTOSA (RAS)
Authors: Darwis Aida Fadhilla , Lubis Wilda Hafni
Published: January 2021

Minor Recurrent Athous Stomatitis (RAS), known as sore that often occurs in oral disease. That characterized by ulcers and pain symptoms for 3-10 days which disrupt the activities that prompt patients seeking medication to relieve these symptoms. RAS etiology is not known clearly, some studies associate it with free radicals. Guava leaves/ Psidium guajava L have much content of bioactive component that are efficacious as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial / antidiarrheal, hepatoprotective and antioxidant. The purpose of this study to determine the effectiveness of antioxidant leaves of Psidium guajava L against Minor RAS by reduction of the diameter of ulcers and pain. This clinical trial was carried out using a single-blind randomized pretest posttest control group method. That consisted of 30 participants who had minor RAS with 15 people got extract gel Psidium guajava L 3% as a treatment group and 15 others received placebo (basic gel) as a control group. Ethanol extract was obtained by maceration method and antioxidant activity test by DPPH (dipheniyl picrylhidrazil) method. This study shows the results of the ethanol extract of leaves of Psidium guajava L has a very strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 22.39 ppm. Gel extracts give a a meaningful effect on the healing SAR with statistically significant in the reduction of ulcers diameter p 0.007 by repeated Annova test and a reduction in pain scores p <0.001 by Friedman test. In conclusion, extract Psidium guajava Linn leaves as a high antioxidant content effective promotion the healing process by reduced diameter ulcer and pain of Minor SAR.
MANAGEMENT OF ORAL LESIONS ASSOCIATED WITH CARBAMAZEPINE RELATED STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME / TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS OVERLAP PATIENT
Authors: Puspasari Dewi , Sufiawati Irna
Published: January 2021

Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS)/ Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are acute, self-limited, potentially life-threatening mucocutaneous disease. Oral mucosal involvement manifest as extensive erosions and haemorrhagic crusting, which can interfere oral functions causing odynophagia, inability to tolerate solid foods, and increased aspiration risk. A 40-year-old female patient was referred from Dermatology and Venereology department with diagnosis SJS/TEN overlap. The patient complained mouth opening difficulty due to mouth and lip sores. Drug history revealed positive intake of carbamazepine. Extraoral examination revealed multiple diffuse discrete facial lesions, conjunctival hyperemia, erosions and hemorrhagic crusting lips. Intraoral examination revealed white yellowish plaque, and erosions on buccal mucosa, palate, floor of the mouth, dorsal, ventral, and lateral tongue. Laboratory investigation revealed decrease of haemoglobin, hematocrite, Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), thrombocyte, eosinophil, band of eosinophil, lymphocyte, natrium, potassium, and calcium. Oral lesions associated with SJS/TEN overlap diagnosis was made. Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,1%, nystatin oral suspension, vitamin B12, folic acid, and corticosteroid unguent compounding were given, which showed improvement of oral lesions in 3 weeks. SJS/TEN are the same disease spectrum of delayed hypersensitivity reaction leading to keratinocyte apoptosis through cytotoxic T-cell mediated Fas-Fas ligand, perforin/ granzyme B, and granulysin, which distinguished primarily by severity and percentage of total body surface area involved.Currently, an optimal treatment standard for SJS/TEN patients remains unavailable. Oral lesions management play significant role in enhancing patients’ quality of life and achieving better prognosis in SJS/TEN overlap patients through multidisciplinary approach.
INFORMED CONSENT AS A LEGAL PROTECTION FOR PATIENTS
Authors: Eutheriana Raden Roro Anja
Published: January 2021

Informed consent is a communication process between doctors and patients pertaining an agreement about medical treatments performed by doctors to their patients then continued by signing informed consent form. It originates from the legal and ethical right the patient has to direct what happens to her body and from the ethical duty of the physician to involve the patient in her health care. The most important goal of informed consent is that the patient has an opportunity to be an informed participant in his health care decisions. Informed consent usually also protects doctor from liability (with exceptions) provided that the procedure is properly execute according to the prevailing standard of care without negligence. Approval for informed consent must be based on medical information regarding the disease from the relevant medical doctors. This matter is regulated in Article 45 of Law 29 of 2004 about medical practices. It can be concluded that an informed consent is one of legal efforts in protecting patients from medical neglect that medical doctors commited.