bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Práticas de escrita nas aulas de Sociologia: implicações para o processo de apropriação da linguagem sociológica
Authors: Kulessa Erika
Published: August 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-3532.2015n14p82Este artigo apresenta a problemática e alguns desdobramentos de uma pesquisa em curso sobre as questões de leitura e escrita implicadas no ensino de Sociologia no Ensino Médio, em escolas públicas da região metropolitana de São Paulo. Considerando o cenário de grandes dificuldades que marcam tais práticas entre os brasileiros, inclusive enquanto frequentam a escola, discutem-se suas implicações para o ensino e aprendizagem da disciplina. Apresentam-se uma metodologia e análise preliminar de produções escritas de estudantes em aulas de Sociologia, ponderando sobre as formas de mobilização do conhecimento, as características do discurso adotado e a relação entre os enunciados produzidos pelos estudantes e o trabalho pedagógico realizado durante o curso.
A condição juvenil interrompida? O lazer e a sociabilidade juvenil em torno da rua em áreas de ocupação urbana em Uberlândia – MG
Authors: Fávero Douglas Gonsalves , Morais Sérgio Paulo
Published: August 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-3532.2016n15p37O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a sociabilidade juvenil criada e vivenciada por jovens da ocupação urbana Elisson Prieto em Uberlândia –MG. Por meio de uma pesquisa do tipo survey buscamos compreender as experiências dos jovens, com foco na sociabilidade em torno do lazer e da rua. Partimos da hipótese que os jovens, mesmo com sua condição juvenil limitada pelas relações de classe, criam espaços de sociabilidade em torno da rua, como formas de resistência, que afirmam a sua condição juvenil interrompida. Dessa forma, criam-se culturas que emergem, ao mesmo tempo sendo incorporadas e criando contra-hegemonias que contribuem na constituição dos jovens enquanto sujeitos.
A Educação Superior no limiar do governo Lula da Silva (2003-2010): políticas públicas educacionais nos marcos da reforma universitária
Authors: De Paula Alisson Slider do Nascimento , Lima Kátia Regina Rodrigues , Costa Frederico Jorge Ferreira , Ferreira Emmanoel Lima
Published: August 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-3532.2016n15p69O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma análise crítica acerca da política de educação superior brasileira a qual esteve sob tutela do governo Lula da Silva. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados neste trabalho se trataram, em acréscimo, de um estudo bibliográfico e documental, tendo como método de análise a dialética marxista (MARX, 2008) por compreender a realidade como síntese de múltiplas determinações, deste modo, buscando apreender o objeto a partir de seus complexos. Constatamos que a política de educação superior assume papel importante na agenda do governo em identificar este nível de ensino como um nicho de mercado promissor para extração lucrativa. Assim, a educação superior deixa de ser um direito “plenamente” social para ser convertida para o setor de serviços, mais especificamente os “serviços educacionais”.
Sources of springtime surface black carbon in the Arctic: an adjoint analysis for April 2008
Authors: Qi Ling , Li Qinbin , Henze Daven K. , Tseng Hsien-Liang , He Cenlin
Published: August 2017

Abstract. We quantify source contributions to springtime (April 2008) surface black carbon (BC) in the Arctic by interpreting surface observations of BC at five receptor sites (Denali, Barrow, Alert, Zeppelin, and Summit) using a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) and its adjoint. Contributions to BC at Barrow, Alert, and Zeppelin are dominated by Asian anthropogenic sources (40–43 %) before 18 April and by Siberian open biomass burning emissions (29–41 %) afterward. In contrast, Summit, a mostly free tropospheric site, has predominantly an Asian anthropogenic source contribution (24–68 %, with an average of 45 %). We compute the adjoint sensitivity of BC concentrations at the five sites during a pollution episode (20–25 April) to global emissions from 1 March to 25 April. The associated contributions are the combined results of these sensitivities and BC emissions. Local and regional anthropogenic sources in Alaska are the largest anthropogenic sources of BC at Denali (63 % of total anthropogenic contributions), and natural gas flaring emissions in the western extreme north of Russia (WENR) are the largest anthropogenic sources of BC at Zeppelin (26 %) and Alert (13 %). We find that long-range transport of emissions from Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (also known as Jing–Jin–Ji), the biggest urbanized region in northern China, contribute significantly (∼ 10 %) to surface BC across the Arctic. On average, it takes ∼ 12 days for Asian anthropogenic emissions and Siberian biomass burning emissions to reach the Arctic lower troposphere, supporting earlier studies. Natural gas flaring emissions from the WENR reach Zeppelin in about a week. We find that episodic transport events dominate BC at Denali (87 %), a site outside the Arctic front, which is a strong transport barrier. The relative contribution of these events to surface BC within the polar dome is much smaller (∼ 50 % at Barrow and Zeppelin and ∼ 10 % at Alert). The large contributions from Asian anthropogenic sources are predominately in the form of chronic pollution (∼ 40 % at Barrow, 65 % at Alert, and 57 % at Zeppelin) on about a 1-month timescale. As such, it is likely that previous studies using 5- or 10-day trajectory analyses strongly underestimated the contribution from Asia to surface BC in the Arctic.
The Effect of Varying Engine Conditions on Unregulated VOC Diesel Exhaust Emissions
Authors: Pereira Kelly L. , Dunmore Rachel , Whitehead James , Alfarra M. Rami , Allan James D. , Alam Mohammed S. , Harrison Roy M. , McFiggans Gordon , Hamilton Jacqueline F.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. An extensive set of measurements were performed to investigate the effect of different engine conditions (i.e. load, speed, temperature, "driving scenarios") and emission control devices (with/without diesel oxidative catalyst, DOC) on the composition and abundance of unregulated exhaust gas emissions from a light-duty diesel engine. Exhaust emissions were introduced into an atmospheric chamber and measured using thermal desorption comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionisation detector (TD-GC×GC-FID). In total, 16 individual and 8 groups of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured in the exhaust gas, ranging from volatile to intermediate volatility. The total speciated VOC (∑SpVOC) emission rates varied significantly with different engine conditions, ranging from 70 to 9268 milligrams of VOC mass per kilogram of fuel burnt (mg kg-1). ∑SpVOC emission rates generally decreased with increasing engine load and temperature, and to a lesser degree, engine speed. The exhaust gas composition changed as a result of two main influencing factors, the DOC hydrocarbon (HC) removal efficiency and engine combustion efficiency. Increased DOC HC removal efficiency and engine combustion efficiency resulted in a greater percentage contribution of the C7 to C12 branched aliphatics and C7 to C12 n-alkanes, respectively, to the ∑SpVOC emission rate. The investigated DOC removed 46 ± 10 % of the ∑SpVOC emissions, with removal efficiencies of 83 ± 3 % for the single-ring aromatics and 39 ± 12 % for the aliphatics (branched and straight-chain). The DOC aliphatic removal efficiency generally decreased with increasing carbon chain length. The emission factors of n-nonane to n-tridecane were compared with on-road diesel emissions from a highway tunnel in Oakland California. Comparable emission factors were from experiments with relatively high engine loads and speeds, engine conditions which are consistent with the driving conditions of the on-road diesel vehicles. Emission factors from low engine loads and speeds (e.g. cold-start) showed no agreement with the on-road diesel emissions as expected, with the emission factors observed to be 2 to 8 times greater. To our knowledge, this is the first study which has explicitly discussed the effect of the DOC HC removal efficiency and combustion efficiency on the exhaust gas composition. With further work, compositional differences in exhaust gas emissions as a function of engine temperature, could be implemented into air-quality models, resulting in improved refinement and better understanding of diesel exhaust emissions on local air quality.
Improved Methods for Signal Processing in Measurements of Elemental Mercury Vapor by Tekran® 2537A and 2537B Instruments
Authors: Ambrose Jesse L.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Atmospheric Hg measurements are commonly carried out using Tekran® Instruments Corporation's model 2537 Hg vapor analyzers, which employ gold amalgamation pre-concentration sampling and detection by thermal desorption/atomic fluorescence spectrometry. A generally overlooked and poorly characterized source of analytical uncertainty in those measurements is the method by which the raw Hg atomic fluorescence signal is processed. Here I describe new software-based methods for processing the raw signal from the Tekran® 2537 instruments, and I evaluate the performances of those methods together with the standard Tekran® internal signal processing method. For test datasets from two Tekran® instruments (one 2537A and one 2537B), I estimate that signal processing uncertainties in Hg loadings determined with the Tekran® method are within ±[6 % + 0.94 pg]. I demonstrate that the Tekran® method produces significant low biases (≥ 5 %) not only at low Hg sample loadings (
Drift corrected Odin-OSIRIS ozone product: algorithm and updated
stratospheric ozone trends
Authors: Bourassa Adam E. , Roth Chris Z. , Zawada Daniel J. , Rieger Landon A. , McLinden Chris A. , Degenstein Douglas A.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. A small, long-term drift in the Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imager System (OSIRIS) stratospheric ozone product, manifested mostly since 2012, is quantified and attributed to a changing bias in the limb pointing knowledge of the instrument. A correction to this pointing drift using a predictable shape in the measured limb radiance profile is implemented and applied within the OSIRIS retrieval algorithm. This new data product, version 5.10, displays substantially better both long- and short-term agreement with MLS ozone throughout the stratosphere due to the pointing correction. Previously reported stratospheric ozone trends over the time period 1984–2013, which were derived by merging the altitude/number density ozone profile measurements from the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II satellite instrument (1984–2005) and from OSIRIS (2002–2013) are recalculated using the new OSIRIS version 5.10 product, and extended to 2017. These results still show statistically significant positive trends throughout the upper stratosphere since 1997, but at weaker levels that are more closely in line with estimates from other data records.
A global hotspot for dissolved organic carbon in hypermaritime watersheds of coastal British Columbia
Authors: Oliver Allison A. , Tank Suzanne E. , Giesbrecht Ian , Korver Maartje C. , Floyd William C. , Sanborn Paul , Bulmer Chuck , Lertzman Ken P.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The perhumid region of the coastal temperate rainforest (CTR) of Pacific North America is one of the wettest places on Earth and contains numerous small catchments that discharge freshwater and high concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) directly to the coastal ocean. However, empirical data on the flux and composition of DOC exported from these watersheds are scarce. We established monitoring stations at the outlets of seven catchments on Calvert and Hecate islands, British Columbia, which represent the rain-dominated hypermaritime region of the perhumid CTR. Over several years, we measured stream discharge, stream water DOC concentration, and stream water dissolved organic-matter (DOM) composition. Discharge and DOC concentrations were used to calculate DOC fluxes and yields, and DOM composition was characterized using absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). The areal estimate of annual DOC yield in water year 2015 was 33.3 Mg C km−2 yr−1, with individual watersheds ranging from an average of 24.1 to 37.7 Mg C km−2 yr−1. This represents some of the highest DOC yields to be measured at the coastal margin. We observed seasonality in the quantity and composition of exports, with the majority of DOC export occurring during the extended wet period (September–April). Stream flow from catchments reacted quickly to rain inputs, resulting in rapid export of relatively fresh, highly terrestrial-like DOM. DOC concentration and measures of DOM composition were related to stream discharge and stream temperature and correlated with watershed attributes, including the extent of lakes and wetlands, and the thickness of organic and mineral soil horizons. Our discovery of high DOC yields from these small catchments in the CTR is especially compelling as they deliver relatively fresh, highly terrestrial organic matter directly to the coastal ocean. Hypermaritime landscapes are common on the British Columbia coast, suggesting that this coastal margin may play an important role in the regional processing of carbon and in linking terrestrial carbon to marine ecosystems.
Snow observations in Mount Lebanon (2011–2016)
Authors: Fayad Abbas , Gascoin Simon , Faour Ghaleb , Fanise Pascal , Drapeau Laurent , Somma Janine , Fadel Ali , Al Bitar Ahmad , Escadafal Richard
Published: August 2017

Abstract. We present a unique meteorological and snow observational dataset in Mount Lebanon, a mountainous region with a Mediterranean climate, where snowmelt is an essential water resource. The study region covers the recharge area of three karstic river basins (total area of 1092 km2 and an elevation up to 3088 m). The dataset consists of (1) continuous meteorological and snow height observations, (2) snowpack field measurements, and (3) medium-resolution satellite snow cover data. The continuous meteorological measurements at three automatic weather stations (MZA, 2296 m; LAQ, 1840 m; and CED, 2834 m a.s.l.) include surface air temperature and humidity, precipitation, wind speed and direction, incoming and reflected shortwave irradiance, and snow height, at 30 min intervals for the snow seasons (November–June) between 2011 and 2016 for MZA and between 2014 and 2016 for CED and LAQ. Precipitation data were filtered and corrected for Geonor undercatch. Observations of snow height (HS), snow water equivalent, and snow density were collected at 30 snow courses located at elevations between 1300 and 2900 m a.s.l. during the two snow seasons of 2014–2016 with an average revisit time of 11 days. Daily gap-free snow cover extent (SCA) and snow cover duration (SCD) maps derived from MODIS snow products are provided for the same period (2011–2016). We used the dataset to characterize mean snow height, snow water equivalent (SWE), and density for the first time in Mount Lebanon. Snow seasonal variability was characterized with high HS and SWE variance and a relatively high snow density mean equal to 467 kg m−3. We find that the relationship between snow depth and snow density is specific to the Mediterranean climate. The current model explained 34 % of the variability in the entire dataset (all regions between 1300 and 2900 m a.s.l.) and 62 % for high mountain regions (elevation 2200–2900 m a.s.l.). The dataset is suitable for the investigation of snow dynamics and for the forcing and validation of energy balance models. Therefore, this dataset bears the potential to greatly improve the quantification of snowmelt and mountain hydrometeorological processes in this data-scarce region of the eastern Mediterranean. The DOI for the data is https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.583733.
The Influence of Critical Success Factors on B2B Sales Performance and the Mediating Role of Social Intelligence
Authors: AYDIN Samet , Koc Erdogan , Kaya Nihat
Published: August 2017

In this study; the characteristics of sales representatives related to their sales performance such as learning orientation, customer orientation, intrinsic motivation, hardworking and technical expertise were defined as “Critical Success Factors in Selling” and the mediating role of social intelligence between these and sales performance were investigated. Data collected from 376 sales representatives from 125 different companies showed that social intelligence has strong influence over sales performance and plays a mediating role between critical success factors in selling and sales performance.
The Effect of Electoral and Economic Crimes on Sustainable Development in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: K. Ukwayi, J. , J. T. Okpa,
Published: August 2017

The survey examined the effect of electoral and economic crimes on sustainable development in Cross River State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study accessed the effect of election rigging and misappropriation of public funds on sustainable development in Cross River State. Two research questions were stated to guide the study. The study adopted the system theory. Survey research design was adopted in this study. An 18-item questionnaire captioned “Questionnaire on electoral, economic crimes and sustainable development” (QEESD) was designed by the researcher and used in gathering data for the study. Data were elicited from 384 respondents who were purposively selected from six (6) local government areas in the three Senatorial District of Cross River State. The respondents were selected from political parties, Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) offices, religious groups, and the public. The generated data were presented using simple percentage, and chart. Findings revealed that election rigging and misappropriation of public funds affects sustainable development in Cross River state, Nigeria. The study recommended among others that political office holders should judiciously utilize public funds for programmes and projects that would positively affect the well-being of the citizens. In addition, rigging of election should be made a capital offence that should attract severe punishment like life imprisonment or death sentence.
International Production Sharing and Export Development: An Examination for China and Vietnam
Authors: Vogiatzoglou Klimis
Published: August 2017

The phenomenon of international production sharing networks (also known as production fragmentation, global value chains, or vertical production networks), which is associated with offshoring/outsourcing, has gained increasingly importance in the contemporary globalization process. This paper analyzes the patterns and trends in international production sharing and export growth in China and Vietnam over the last twenty years. More specifically, in addition to overall trends, our study examines the developments across four broad economic sectors and fifteen manufacturing industries. Furthermore, for both countries the relationship between a country’s participation in international production sharing networks and a country’s export development (in terms of the domestic value-added content of exports) is investigated through a statistical analysis. The empirical results indicate that China and Vietnam have increased substantially their participation in production networks. Moreover, we find that the extent of a country’s involvement in international production sharing highly correlates with improved export performance. This suggests that China’s and Vietnam’s impressive export expansion over the last twenty years can be attributed, in part, to increasing integration into global value chains.
BIOMASSA E ATIVIDADE MICROBIANA DE SOLOS COM APLICAÇÃO DE RESÍDUO SÓLIDO URBANO E DEJETO LÍQUIDO DE SUÍNOS
Authors: Dornelles Henrique de Souza , Matsuoka Márcia , Binelo Luana Ardenghi , Pauvels Leticia Adriana , Caron Charline Michele , Silva Vanderlei Rodrigues da
Published: August 2017

Os resíduos orgânicos são excelentes fontes de nutrientes e sua incorporaçãona agricultura, amparada por legislação, poderá contribuir significativamentepara melhorar as qualidades físicas, químicas e biológicas do solo.Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o uso de resíduo sólido urbano (RSU)e de dejeto líquido suíno (DLS) na dinâmica da biomassa e atividade biológicaem um solo da região norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram avaliados doisexperimentos com três tratamentos com aplicações de RSU, três tratamentoscom aplicações de DLS, em diferentes concentrações, um tratamento semadubação, um tratamento com adubação mineral e uma área com vegetaçãonativa utilizada como referência. O carbono da biomassa microbiana do solo(CMBS), a respiração basal do solo (RBS) e o quociente metabólico (qCO2)foram determinados em amostras de solo. As características biológicas dosolo foram sensíveis em demonstrar alterações que ocorreram no solo emfunção da aplicação dos diferentes tipos de resíduos orgânicos.
IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS DECORRENTES DA CONSTRUÇÃO DA USINA HIDRELÉTRICA DE BATALHA NO RIO SÃO MARCOS: APREENSÃO POR PARTE DOS MORADORES DO ENTORNO DAS OBRAS
Authors: Salgado Aline de Arvelos , Echeverría Agustina Rosa , Rios Fernanda Posch , Traldi Patricia Layne Alves , Luz Marta Pereira da
Published: August 2017

Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar a concepção ambiental dos atores sociaisenvolvidos na implantação da usina hidrelétrica (UHE) de Batalha, localizadano Rio São Marcos, nos municípios de Cristalina (GO) e Paracatu (MG), pormeio da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 18 moradores. Para osentrevistados, o ambiente é visto como natureza, recurso e lugar para se viver.Os problemas ambientais na região estão, em sua maioria, relacionados à instalaçãoda usina e, também, em alguns casos, vinculados às práticas antrópicas cotidianas.Em relação ao entendimento das ações promovidas pela empresa EletrobrasFurnas durante a instalação do empreendimento, este se configura de formadiferente de acordo com o grupo de moradores. Quanto à implantação da usina,identificam-se pontos positivos (necessidade de demanda energética, recebimentode casas novas, indenizações, apoio técnico e cursos providos por Furnas) enegativos (desterritorialização, perdas sociais, financeiras, descontentamento comalgumas ações de Furnas e impactos ambientais). Como resultado, verificou-se anecessidade de promover maior participação das pessoas na tomada de decisões,bem como criar meios de comunicação mais formais que possam, de fato, sanaras dúvidas em relação às questões e aos impactos socioambientais na região,decorrentes da implantação desse tipo de empreendimento.
ANÁLISE ESPACIAL DOS FRAGMENTOS FLORESTAIS NO ENTORNO DE UMA UNIDADE DE CONSERVAÇÃO DE PROTEÇÃO INTEGRAL
Authors: Rusca Gabriela Galetti , Moraes Mayra Cristina Prado de , Valente Roberta Averna , Piña-Rodrigues Fatima Conceição Márquez
Published: August 2017

O processo de expansão agrícola provoca um aumento na fragmentaçãoflorestal. Com o objetivo de identificar a situação espacial dos remanescentesflorestais no entorno da Estação Ecológica de Avaré (EEA), no estado deSão Paulo, foi realizado um mapeamento do uso e cobertura da terra ecalculadas métricas de paisagem. Foram encontrados 21,2% de vegetaçãonatural na área estudada, distribuídos em 59 manchas entremeadas pormatriz agropecuária. As métricas da paisagem indicaram que a vegetaçãonatural possui apenas 5% dos fragmentos maiores que 50 ha, sendo osoutros 95% considerados pequenos para a manutenção da biodiversidade.Quando analisada a forma dos fragmentos em relação à área, notou-se que29% possuem formas mais irregulares e alongadas, o que significa que estãomais suscetíveis a apresentar efeito de borda. Verificou-se que a EEA nãose encontra isolada, e que a paisagem como um todo tem conectividadesignificativa, porém os remanescentes estão vulneráveis frente às pressõesantrópicas exercidas pela expansão das atividades agropecuárias.
Consideraciones médico legales sobre la capacidad de culpabilidad
Authors: Harbottle Quirós Frank
Published: August 2017

El presente artículo contiene un estudio desde una perspectiva médico legal sobre la capacidad de culpabilidad, concretamente, sobre la imputabilidad, la inimputabilidad y la imputabilidad disminuida. En el primer apartado, estas categorías se analizan dentro del contexto libertad vs determinismo. Luego se conceptualizan a la luz de la teoría del delito. Posteriormente, se exponen las principales causas de exclusión y de disminución de la capacidad de culpabilidad contempladas por diversas legislaciones. Finalmente, se examinan los componentes empírico y normativo y su importancia para la delimitación de las labores del perito y del juez.
Aplicación normativa de la compraventa internacional de mercaderías
Authors: Calderón Marenco Eduardo Andrés
Published: August 2017

Este artículo de investigación aborda cinco aspectos técnicos torales de la Compraventa Internacional de mercaderías, a partir del análisis crítico de la Convención de las Naciones Unidas de 1980, celebrada en Viena. Así, el estudio presenta una visión global y estructural de la Convención, resaltando aspectos de especial relevancia, tales como: su ámbito de aplicación; la formación del contrato; el incumplimiento contractual y sus efectos; destacando su influjo en el ordenamiento interno, pues no obstante la uniformidad e internacionalidad de su carácter, la Convención podría considerarse como derecho nacional. También se abordan los antecedentes e importancia jurídico económica, destacándose las aplicaciones alternativas de otros instrumentos dirigidos a regular este negocio jurídico, que también se entre laza con la Lex Mercatoria como referente, para la aplicación e interpretación de las normas internacionales y nacionales. Asimismo, se incluye un detallado estudio sobre la norma y autonomía conflictual en el contexto de la mencionada Convención, y los desarrollos que este principio fundamental del Derecho Internacional Privado ha tenido en la aplicación de la misma.
Sociedades personalistas. Una mirada crítica al Código de Comercio vigente y al anteproyecto de Código Mercantil de Nicaragua
Authors: Monterrey Varinia Lucia
Published: August 2017

Este artículo se propone presentar una mirada crítica sobre los tipos societarios de corte personalista contemplados en el vigente Código de Comercio y cómo se retoman estas figuras en el Anteproyecto de Código Mercantil concluido en diciembre del 2014 que, como respuesta a una iniciativa orientada a la modernización y armonización del marco regulatorio mercantil en Nicaragua, se ha preparado pero que aún no se presenta ante la Asamblea Nacional.Este análisis se realiza considerando la relevancia que desde la academia supone la propuesta de reforma normativa del Código de Comercio, retomando aspectos doctrinarios y de Derecho comparado de legislaciones latinoamericanas y de España, considerados como referentes en materia mercantil, con el fin de conocer el tratamiento, regulación y vigencia de figuras jurídicas, como la sociedad colectiva y la sociedad en comandita simple.Estos tipos societarios, en la actualidad se consideran en franco desuso, pues al existir otros tipos societarios en los que la responsabilidad del socio se limita al monto de su aporte, suponiendo esta característica una garantía para el resguardo de su patrimonio personal, ajeno o separado del capital social, superan en gran medida su atractivo respecto a las sociedades personalistas.
La configuración de los bienes públicos regionales: un acercamiento desde la perspectiva de la integración centroamericana
Authors: Mazier Chávez Ondina Lourdes
Published: August 2017

La presente investigación expone el estudio de los bienes públicos regionales a través de un análisis desde la postura política de la integración regional. Se orienta a través del Derecho Comunitario que abarca un carácter vinculante en la toma de decisiones del proceso de integración. Se identifica la singularidad de la configuración y creación epistemológica de los bienes públicos regionales generados desde el Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana, como consecuencia de la ausencia de una definición propia de la que adolece el SICA, por lo que se ofrece una serie de características y se construye una enunciación conceptual retomando aspectos fundamentales de los instrumentos originarios y de fuentes doctrinales multidimensionales.
Emotional Memory and Emotional Intelligence of Individuals Diagnosed with Anti-Social Personality Disorder: Experimental Pretest-Posttest Design
Authors: Setareh Javad , B.Monajemi Mani , Gharaa Mahboobeh
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND: Aim of current study is to compare Emotional Memory (EM) and Emotional Intelligence (EI) between two groups of healthy people and individuals diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD).MATERIALS & METHODS: Current study is an experimental pretest-posttest study with case-group and control group, which was conducted between 2014-2015 at Zare Psychiatric hospital (Sari, Mazandaran Province, Iran). Statistical Society of this study was chosen via convenient sampling method; our sample was consisted of 80 individuals (men and women) that were divided into two groups of 40 healthy and 40 patients with APD. Subsequently, they answered to SCID-II (Structured Clinical Interview For DSM Disorders), Baron EQ-I (Emotional Quotient Inventory), WMS (Wechsler Memory Scale) and they looked at Picture Slides (Story). In order to analyze the findings of current study, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, multiple covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and independent t-test were used.RESULTS: The findings showed that antisocial patients demonstrated lower score EM and EI.CONCLUSION: Emotional memory of ASPD individuals tends to be less than normal individuals. Furthermore, emotional intelligence of healthy individuals are higher that ASPD patients. It appears plausible that ASPD individuals tend to suffer in remembering their emotions due to their inability to retrieve emotional memories.
Unemployment and Economic Growth in Saudi Arabia 2000-2015
Authors: Mohamed Meteb Alotaibi
Published: August 2017

The objective of this paper concentrates on determining the relationship between unemployment and economic growth in Saudi Arabia for the period 2000-2015 in order to explanation of the employment, unemployment level and its determinants to increase the employment level and avoiding the harmful effects of unemployment problems. The question to be raised is does recruitment rely on the public sector? Does the creation of job opportunities in the state’s public sector have a negative or positive effect on the private sector through the effect of withdrawing its specialized technical cadres? Is the private sector growth real or illusive? Is the economic growth adequate to reduce the unemployment rate among Saudis? The results obtained show that, there are a positive relationships between the employment and real income, real investment, real government expenditure and real value of exports. On the other hand, there are negative relationships between employment and the real value of imports. The economic growth was not adequate in reducing the unemployment rate among Saudis. There is a reversal relationship between unemployment rates and the economic growth which does not effectively work in the Saudi economy. Saudis prefer to work with government sector not in private sector; Government must stimulate Saudis to work in private sector. This paper used the annual data from 2000 to 2015 for Saudi Arabia. All data in this paper was obtained from Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (SAMA) and World Bank Development Indicator.
A Multidude of Econometric Tests: Forecasting the Dutsch Guilder
Authors: Arize Augustine C. , Kallianiotis Ioannis N. , Kalu Ebere Eme , Malindretos John , Scoullis Moschos
Published: August 2017

This paper studies a diversity of exchange rate models, applies both parametric and nonparametric techniques to them, and examines said models’ collective predictive performance. We shall choose the forecasting predictor with the smallest root mean square forecast error (RMSE); the empirical evidence for a better type of exchange rate model is in equation (34), although none of our evidence gives an optimal forecast. At the end, these models’ error correction versions will be fit so that plausible long-run elasticities can be imposed on each model’s fundamental variables.
Chemical Characterization and Antioxidant Activity from Bromelia macambira Seeds
Authors: Suzuki Ana Beatryz P. , Bertocelli Douglas Jr , Alves Guilherme A. C. , Osawa Maurício Susumu , Stulzer Gianne Caroline , Da Silva Josemeyre Bonifácio , Faria Ricardo T. de
Published: August 2017

The Bromeliaceae family includes 3140 species grouped in 58 genera. This family stands out mainly for its ornamentals characteristics, besides presenting some fruit species, like the pineapple. The Bromelia laciniosa, known as “macambira”, is present in the dry areas of Brazilian Northeast, covering the states of Bahia to Piauí, being used in large scale for garden's ornamentation. The aim of this work was evaluated the chemical composition of B. laciniosa seeds. The seeds showed average lengths of 0.28 mm and 0.45 mm and average widths of 0.24 mm and 0.39 mm, and are formed in a fruit with three locus having 4±1 cm in length and 15±5 cm in diameter, and yellow berries with purples axes when reach the maturation stage. The protein levels was 4.34%, the acidity present 3.13%, the pH showed a medium value of 5.24 and the vitamin C present in seeds reached the level of 920 mg/100 g. The Bromelia laciniosa seeds showed a great potential as source of vitamin C and antioxidant compounds, and also can be used in human feeding.
Digestible Protein Requirement of Pirarucu Juveniles (Arapaima gigas) Reared in Outdoor Aquaculture
Authors: Magalhães Júnior F. O. , Santos M. J. M. , Allaman I. B. , Soares Junior I. J. , Silva R. F. , Braga L. G. T.
Published: August 2017

Pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) is a fast-growing, carnivorous species reared commercially in Amazonian countries as Brazil. Lack of a nutritionally balanced and affordable diet is a major constraint in pirarucu aquaculture, and our investigation sought to estimate the dietary protein requirement for this species. Four diets were formulated to contain increasing concentrations of digestible protein (32, 35, 38, and 41%) and fed to triplicate groups of juvenile pirarucu of around 2 kg for 18 weeks. As result, pirarucu showed no differences in feed intake, survival, or fillet yield. However, regression analysis revealed that weight gain (WG) values showed a general increasing trend with increasing dietary digestible protein (DP) level up to 36.7%. In addition, feed conversion rates were also improved with increase in dietary DP up to 36.4%. Fish fed diets containing 32 and 41% had poor feed conversion rates. Thel protein retention rate (PRR) and protein efficiency index (PER) decreased as levels of DP increased. The optimal dietary protein content for juvenile pirarucu between 1.98 and 4 kg of BW is about 36% of digestible protein on diet.
The Effect of Irrigation Intervals on the Growth and Yield of Quinoa Crop and Its Components
Authors: Algosaibi Abdullah M. , Badran Ayman E. , Almadini Abdulrahman M. , El-Garawany Mohammed M.
Published: August 2017

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of irrigation intervals on growth, yield and its components and some of the chemical characteristics of the soil after the harvest of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd) plant. Three treatments were used as follow: T1 (twice irrigation every week, which is the common in the region), T2 (once irrigation every week) and T3 (twice irrigation every two weeks) using in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The crop coefficient (Kc) value differed according to the stage of growth where the results showed that the T2 treatment gave the highest mean in all the studied traits followed by the T3 treatment in all traits except the number of seed/m2. The results also confirmed that the increase in water reduced the agronomic traits such as harvest index, number of seeds and yield of seeds and straw/m2. Also it showed that the pH values in soils were not significantly affected by irrigation, while Ec significantly affected. Correlation coefficient was negative with the most traits and low with the number of grain (0.34) under overall studied treatments which confirms that quinoa is a plant that needs limited amounts of irrigation water. On the other hand there was positive strong correlation between the harvest index and grain yield (0.92). The results showed that moisture stress treatments increased the concentration of the ionic, NH4-N and NO3-N significantly compared to soils which do not have moisture stress (T1, T2). We assume that the development based on Kc during growth-stages helps in irrigation management and provides precise water applications for quinoa plant. These results indicate that the water requirements of quinoa plant are limited and that quinoa plant growth is not affected by the lack of irrigation water on the crop and its qualities.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 9, No. 9
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: August 2017

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 9, No. 9, 2017.
Silage of Marandu Grass with Levels of Stylo Legume Treated or Not with Microbial Inoculant
Authors: Rigueira Joao P. S. , Pereira Odilon G. , Ribeiro Karina G. , Filho Sebastião De C. V. , Cezário Andréia S. , Da Silva Vanessa P. , Agarussi Mariele C. N.
Published: August 2017

The chemical composition, fermentation profile, microbial population and dry matter recovery were evaluated in marandu grass silages containing different levels of Stylo legume cv. Campo Grande treated or not with microbial inoculant. A 4 × 2 factorial arrangement (four levels of Stylo legume, with and without microbial inoculant) was used in a completely randomized design with four replications. The levels of Stylo legume used were 0, 10, 20 and 30% of the weight in the natural matter. The marandu grass was harvested at 70 days of regrowth and the Stylo legume at the pre-flowering stage. It was observed the effect of interaction between levels of Stylo legume and microbial inoculant on dry matter content, effluent losses, dry matter recovery and yeast and molds populations. The dry matter content of the silages with and without inoculant increased (P < 0.05) linearly with the addition of Stylo legume. A linear decreasing effect was observed for neutral detergent fiber contents and a linear crescent effect for the crude protein contents of the silages with addition of Stylo legume. The pH values had a quadratic effect with addition of Stylo legume, with a maximum value of 4.16 in the inclusion of 12.25% of Stylo legume. The LAB population increased linearly with an increase in the levels of Stylo legume. The dry matter recovery increased linearly with the addition of Stylo legume, in the silages without inoculant. It is concluded that the consortium of marandu grass with Stylo legume improves the chemical composition, fermentation profile, and decrease the dry matter losses of the silages, regardless of the use of microbial inoculant.
Planting Dates and Harvesting Stages Influence on Maize Yield under Rain-Fed Conditions
Authors: Akinnuoye-Adelabu Dolapo Bola , Modi Albert Thembinkosi
Published: August 2017

Understanding the challenges associated with variation in weather conditions and stages of maturity in maize are essential for farmers to achieve continuous production under climate changes. This research evaluated the interactive effect of planting date and stages of maturity at harvest on maize yield (Zea mays L.). Field trials were conducted during the 2014/15 and 2015/16 seasons at university of KwaZulu-Natal research farm Pietermaritzburg South Africa. Planting dates comprised of early (November), mid (December) and late planting dates (January). While, harvesting occurred at milk stage, dent stage and physiological maturity. A split plotdesign with four replications was used. The main plot and sub-plot consisted of planting dates and harvesting stages respectively. Response of maize to planting dates and harvesting stages was determined by variables of plant physiological growth and yield parameters. Significant differences in growth and physiological parameters were more obvious in 2015/16 season which was a drier season than 2014/15. Early and mid-planting had positive effect on parameters measured at both seasons. However, mid planting date favoured maize growth and yield more in drier season. The interaction of planting dates and harvesting stages significantly influenced grain yield, thousand seed weight, ear length and diameter. Thousand seed weight, ear length and diameter obtained at dent stage under mid planting outperformed its counterpart from physiological maturity under which late planting. With the increase in climate variability there is high risk that maize planted lately would have lower yield irrespective of its planting dates and might not attain physiological maturity. However, maize harvested at dent stage under early and mid-planting dates gave substantially high yield.
УУР АМЬСГАЛЫН ОРЧИН ҮЕИЙН ӨӨРЧЛӨЛТӨӨС ХАМААРСАН УРГАМАЛЖЛЫН ЖИЛИЙН БҮТЭЭМЖИЙН ХАНДЛАГЫН ТУХАЙД
Authors: Л Нацагдорж
Published: August 2017

Энэхүү өгүүлэлд Монгол орны нутаг дэвсгэр дээрх ургамалжлын жилийн бүтээмжийн 50 жилийн тооцоолсон утгын хандлагыг авч үзэв. Орчин үеийн уур амьсгалын хуурайшлын дэвсгэр дээр манай орны Төв бүс нутаг ба зүүн бүсийн ихэнх хэсэг, Их нууруудын хотгорын зүүн хагаст байгалийн ургамалжлын жилийн тооцоот бүтээмж буурсан, харин Монголын зүүн, зүүн өмнөд хязгаар, Алтай чанад нутагт ургамалжлын жилийн бүтээмж илэрхий нэмэгдэж байгаа хандлага харагдлаа. Энэхүү хандлага нь Оросын эрдэмтэн М.И. Будыкогийн цацрагийн хуурайшлын индексийн өөрчлөлтөөр давхар нотлогдож байгаа болно.
МОНГОЛ ГЭР БҮЛИЙН БҮТЭЦ ХЭВ МАЯГ, ХАРИЛЦААНЫ ОНЦЛОГ, ТУЛГАМДАЖ БУЙ АСУУДАЛ
Authors: Б Оюун-Эрдэнэ
Published: August 2017

The social shift time carried out in Mongolia, the worldwide globalization and the cultural globalization have been bringing considerable changes to the structures and the styles of the families of Mongolia. For the purpose to determine the current styles, the development, the changes and the future trends of the family relations and the factors affecting these, we fulfilled a basic survey named “The Current Situation of the Mongolian Family Relations” in 2010. The survey showed a tendency that the family relation matters will become more complicated in the country and problems ought to be solved will appear in the near 5 to 10 years. There will be many confronting problems such as family violation, divorce and post-divorce child matter. There are common family types such as integrated, single, one-sided and having disabled members in Mongolia and several new styles have been appearing for example: transnational family, multi-cultural family, partnership family, contracted family1, homosexual family and group living family. Accordingly, there are needs and necessities to determine ways for completely researching the family affairs in a level of theory and practice to give answers, for including in the state policy and operations, for making practical consulting and for solving the problems and the matters. Except providing the citizens with the education essential to keep families with normal relations, it is necessary to issue them a family education, which is fit to their life cycles, age specialties or otherwise which is based on their needs. The survey showed that 72.3% replied a family consulting center is required, 72.3% replied a family education-provider institution is needed too and 45.4% answered a marriage ceremony hall is needed. It means such needs have already appeared and the demands are not being provided. It is being observed that a trend about families is to gradually change from the conventional trend. An attitude to be based on dishonest and material interests, losing the precious values of families, to avoid the family responsibilities and to be selfishness preferring independence for sexual relations. Building a state system, which is specially responsible for the family affairs, is significantly important to enhance the inter-sector regulations for solving the problems confronting the families.
НАРНЫ ӨНДӨР ЦАЦРАГИЙН ЭРЧМИЙН ХОЛБОО
Authors: Б Түвшинжаргал , Г Даваахүү , Д Батмөнх
Published: August 2017

In this  work are brought some results of the measurement to intensities UV on territory of the Mongolia. Built curves to intensities UV depending on Sun, are evaluated UV in miscellaneous point territory.
NEW DATA ON FISH COREGONUS PELED (GMELIN,1788) IN SOME WATERBODIES OF MONGOLIA
Authors: A Dulmaa
Published: August 2017

In connection with the planned establishment of a coregonid fishery and the construction of a specialized hatchery in the area of Western Mongolia was organized with the task of studying some parts of the reproduction biology of Coregonus peled population inhabiting Lake Ulaagchnii Khar Nuur (Zavhan aimag). This species was introduced into this Mongolian lake, originally lacking any fish stock, in 1980 -1982. The samples of 11230 fish examined was collected during 1993 -1999, 2005-2011 and consisted partly of the fish originating from imported and introduced larvae and partly of the individuals belonging about 25th generating , already born in the lake studied. Most of parameters studied, such as absolute size, weight, the population dynamics, reproduction biology, of food analyses, and fatnes observed to the during vegetation period (November – December and first half of January), when the minimum daily waters temperature drops to 40centigrade or less. The sex ratio is fairly balanced if the total material from all fishings is considered. During this period of peak-spawning females predominate. The average individual standard length of spawners was 400 mm in males and 420 mm in females, the average weight 700 g in males and 900 g in females. Nevertheless, all parameters under study tend slightly to deteriorate in the course of time, which is obviously a result of the gradually increasing population density and of decreasing quantity of food available in the lake. In Khuisiin Naiman Nuur (Uburchangajskij ajmag) sexually mature at the age of 2 + , exceptionally already at the age of 1 + , at the minimum total length of 323 mm and minimum weight 295 g. Gonadosomatic index of mature females ranged 9.0 to 25.0 %, mean absolute fecundity averaged 58.060 eggs.
CARBON SORBENTS FROM MONGOLIAN BROWN COALS
Authors: A Domracheva V , Siirev Gandandorj
Published: August 2017

Have been determined main technical characteristics and elemental compositions of coal samples from Mongolian coal deposits named Baganuur and Shivee-Ovoo. Activated carbon sorbents have been obtained from these oxidized brown coals and determined their technical and sorption characteristics. By the method derivatography studied the process of carbonization of coal source. By IR spectroscopy investigated the functional surface of the samples of raw coal and sorbents, performed their quantification. Using electron microscopy confirmed the presence of the porous structure of sorbents.
CLASSIFICATION OF THE CELERY FAMILY APIACEAE LINDL. 1836 (UMBELLIFERAE JUSS. 1789) IN MONGOLIA
Authors: M Urgamal
Published: August 2017

The classification position of Celery family Apiaceae Lindl. (Umbelliferae Juss.) in Mongolia is revised here. 76 species and 39 genus are included in this family. Also distribution data each species of this family in Mongolia are given.
COMPLEX PROCESSING OF POLYMETALLIC LEAD-ZINC ORE
Authors: G Antropova I , Y Dambayeva A
Published: August 2017

It is known that oxide minerals of useful components are presented by complex oxidized forms and are not practically floatable. The paper gives the opportunity for complex oxide lead-zinc ore to be prepared effectively to flotation beneficiation based on pyrosulphidization of oxide minerals while roasting. The process of roasting is held in the atmosphere of overheated steam using sub-quality pyrite concentrates as sulphidizer. Using such pyrite concentrates make it possible to solve the problem of utilization and treatment of pyrite concentrates.