bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Area Socioeconomic Status is Associated with Refusal of Recommended Surgery in Patients with Metastatic Bone and Joint Disease
Authors: Mani Kyle , Kleinbart Emily , Schlumprecht Anne , Golding Regina , Akioyamen Noel , Song Hyun , De La Garza Ramos Rafael , Eleswarapu Ananth , Yang Rui , Geller David , Hoang Bang , Yassari Reza , Fourman Mitchell S.
Published: June 2024

Background

This study sought to identify associations between the Yost Index, a geocoded area neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) score, and race/ethnicity with patient refusal of recommended surgery for metastatic bone disease.

Methods

Patients with metastatic bone disease were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The Yost Index was geocoded using factor analysis and categorized into quintiles using census tract-level American Community Service (ACS) 5-year estimates and seven nSES measures. Multivariable logistic regression models calculated odds ratios (ORs) of refusal of recommended surgery and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for clinical covariates.

Results

A total of 138,257 patients were included, of which 14,943 (10.8%) were recommended for surgical resection. Patients in the lowest nSES quintile had 57% higher odds of refusing surgical treatment than those in the highest quintile (aOR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.30–1.91, p < 0.001). Patients in the lowest nSES quintile also had a 31.2% higher age-adjusted incidence rate of not being recommended for surgery compared with those in the highest quintile (186.4 vs. 142.1 per 1 million, p < 0.001). Black patients had 34% higher odds of refusing treatment compared with White patients (aOR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.14–1.58, p = 0.003). Advanced age, unmarried status, and patients with aggressive cancer subtypes were associated with higher odds of refusing surgery (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

nSES and race/ethnicity are independent predictors of a patient refusing surgery for metastatic cancer to bone, even after adjusting for various clinical covariates. Effective strategies for addressing these inequalities and improving the access and quality of care of patients with a lower nSES and minority backgrounds are needed.
Factors Influencing Implementation of the Commission on Cancer’s Breast Synoptic Operative Report (Alliance A20_Pilot9)
Authors: Park Ko Un , Padamsee Tasleem J. , Birken Sarah A. , Lee Sandy , Niles Kaleigh , Blair Sarah L. , Grignol Valerie , Dickson-Witmer Diana , Nowell Kerri , Neuman Heather , King Tari , Mittendorf Elizabeth , Paskett Electra D. , Brindle Mary
Published: June 2024

Background

The technical aspects of cancer surgery have a significant impact on patient outcomes. To monitor surgical quality, in 2020, the Commission on Cancer (CoC) revised its accreditation standards for cancer surgery and introduced the synoptic operative reports (SORs). The standardization of SORs holds promise, but successful implementation requires strategies to address key implementation barriers. This study aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators to implementing breast SOR within diverse CoC-accredited programs.

Methods

In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 31 health care professionals across diverse CoC-accredited sites. The study used two comprehensive implementation frameworks to guide data collection and analysis.

Results

Successful SOR implementation was impeded by disrupted workflows, surgeon resistance to change, low prioritization of resources, and poor flow of information despite CoC’s positive reputation. Participants often lacked understanding of the requirements and timeline for breast SOR and were heavily influenced by prior experiences with templates and SOR champion relationships. The perceived lack of monetary benefits (to obtaining CoC accreditation) together with the significant information technology (IT) resource requirements tempered some of the enthusiasm. Additionally, resource constraints and the redirection of personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic were noted as hurdles.

Conclusions

Surgeon behavior and workflow change, IT and personnel resources, and communication and networking strategies influenced SOR implementation. During early implementation and the implementation planning phase, the primary focus was on achieving buy-in and initiating successful roll-out rather than effective use or sustainment. These findings have implications for enhancing standardization of surgical cancer care and guidance of future strategies to optimize implementation of CoC accreditation standards.
The genome sequence of a cased caddisfly, Ceraclea dissimilis (Stephens, 1836)
Authors: Coleman Derek ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: June 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Ceraclea dissimilis (cased caddisfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Trichoptera; Leptoceridae). The genome sequence is 452.7 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 25 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.87 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of the grey gurnard, Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Brittain Rachel , Adkins Patrick , Harley Joanna ,   Marine Biological Association Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: June 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual Eutrigla gurnardus (the grey gurnard; Chordata; Actinopteri; Scorpaeniformes; Triglidae). The genome sequence is 680.5 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 24 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.51 kilobases in length.
Behavioral Finance as a Modern Tool for Managing the Finance of Russian Companies
Authors: Beladi A. , Pokamyestov I.
Published: June 2024

This article, written on a topical issue related to the application of the concept and methodology of behavioral finance, shows the importance of such developments in a historical context and reveals the reasons for the popularity of the applied set of tools for such research due to the additional opportunities that its application provides for the analysis of modern processes in the economy of investment. In this context, the prevalence and applicability in modern conditions of the concept and methodology of behavioral finance in a number of leading Russian and global companies is shown. The issues of qualitative compliance of such developments and their relevance in terms of the possibilities of using situational analysis created on their basis are also considered. It is also indicated in this paper that behavioral finance is a relatively new analytical technology, and its capabilities to a large extent limited by the scope of its application.
Features of State Regulation of the Banking Sector in Russia in the Context of Digitalization of the Economy
Authors: Staroverova O. , Krupenko R.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of state regulation of the banking sector in the Russian Federation in the context of digitalization of the economy. The article provides an assessment of the level of digitalization of the Russian banking sector, analyzes the possible risks of the digital economy and promising ways to overcome them using SupTech and RegTech technologies. The authors describe the digital ecosystem of the BEAC and its response to possible requirements from the regulator; assessment of the dynamics of the development of projects proposed by the Bank of Russia (Unified Biometric System, Fast Payment System, Digital Client Profile, Marketplace platform), as well as an analysis of the processes of implementation of these projects by Russian banks (using the example of Sberbank PJSC).
Estado del Arte: Estudios de antropología y sociología jurídica en el Norte del Cauca
Authors: Llano Franco Jairo Vladimir , Aponte García María Stephania
Published: June 2024

Este artículo ilustra la intersección crítica entre la diversidad cultural, los conflictos armados, y los esfuerzos de justicia transicional en el Norte del Cauca. Las comunidades étnicas, a pesar de enfrentar desafíos persistentes derivados del conflicto armado y la explotación de recursos, han mostrado una resiliencia notable, adaptando estrategias legales y organizativas para abogar por sus derechos y preservar su rica herencia cultural, este estudio no solo contribuye al entendimiento académico de estos fenómenos complejos, sino que también subraya la necesidad de enfoques más integrados y culturalmente sensibles en la formulación de políticas y prácticas de paz y justicia. Metolodgicamente se revisaron publicaciones de antropólogos jurídicos, sociólogos y abogados, complementadas con experiencias de campo y un análisis crítico de los datos. Se destaca la perspectiva histórica-crítica en una región de rica biodiversidad, examinando las posibles transformaciones del conflicto y la justicia transicional.
La ideología y la autorización implícita de la violencia como política: la violencia sexual relacionada con el conflicto por parte del ejército de Myanmar contra los rohinyás
Authors: Alam Mayesha , Wood Elisabeth Jean
Published: June 2024

A partir del trabajo de campo original y de otras fuentes primarias y secundarias, evaluamos si la violencia sexual generalizada durante las operaciones militares de Myanmar en 2017 contra las comunidades rohinyás fue una política (ordenada o autorizada por los comandantes) o una práctica (impulsada desde abajo y tolerada por los comandantes). Argumentamos que la violencia sexual fue autorizada como una política basados en (1) la prolongada exclusión ideológica de  los rohinyás del estatus de ciudadanos, así como el historial de ingeniería demográfica para limitar su reproducción, (2) el contexto de limpieza étnica y el control efectivo que ejercían los comandantes sobre las tropas, (3) la evidencia de que los militares ejecutan un patrón de violencia sexual contra los rohinyás diferente al usado contra otras minorías étnicas, incluyendo ataques contra su capacidad reproductiva,  y (4) un largo y continuo historial de impunidad de la violencia sexual relacionada con el conflicto, incluyendo en contra de los rohinyás. Nuestro análisis contribuye a la comprensión académica de las condiciones bajo las cuales la violencia sexual es autorizada como política y aquellas bajo las cuales la ideología prescribe o legitima patrones específicos de violencia, incluida la limpieza étnica. También es oportuno para apoyar los esfuerzos por enjuiciar y prevenir la violencia sexual relacionada con los conflictos.
Empresas y derechos humanos en América Latina: algunas reflexiones críticas
Authors: A. Sotelo Torres Claudio Renato
Published: June 2024

Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, este trabajo expondrá las razones que respaldan la existencia de una responsabilidad empresarial conforme con el constitucionalismo de la democracia y de los derechos humanos (los derechos humanos como límites al poder privado, la persona como finalidad del desarrollo y la idea de sostenibilidad), así como aquellos problemas que han restado eficacia a los derechos humanos en la actividad empresarial, entre los que se encuentran la transformación de la idea de derecho en el contexto de la globalización económica y la desvinculación entre poder y responsabilidad, refiriendo el caso específico de las industrias extractivas que operan en los territorios indígenas y sus proximidades.
La aplicación del criterio de la responsabilidad agravada por el Consejo de Estado
Authors: Figueroa Bastidas Gabriel
Published: June 2024

El presente escrito abordará de forma descriptiva la aplicación de la responsabilidad agravada del Estado por violaciones graves a los derechos humanos en el ámbito de la responsabilidad internacional general; posteriormente, se estudiará su aplicación en el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos para, finalmente, efectuar el análisis de lo que ha sido su aplicación en la jurisprudencia del Consejo de Estado
Pluralismo jurídico e interculturalidad: un discurso sobre la diversidad
Authors: Milani Giammaria
Published: June 2024

En este sentido, abordar la conceptualización del pluralismo jurídico y de la interculturalidad partiendo como premisa del principio de diversidad tiene como consecuencia inmediata la disparidad de significados, criterios, causas y efectos geográficos, históricos y culturales en el que se desarrollen. Por todo ello, en el presente capítulo será necesario determinar ¿qué es el pluralismo jurídico?, ¿qué se entiende por interculturalidad?, para poder analizar la relación de ambos conceptos en el ámbito de América Latina, finalizando con algunos retos y conclusiones al respecto.
Consumption of Values
Authors: Minardi Stefania , Wang Fan , Gilboa Itzhak
Published: June 2024

Consumption decisions are partly influenced by values and ideologies. Consumers care about global warming, child labor, fair trade, etc. We develop an axiomatic model of intrinsic values—those that are carriers of meaning in and of themselves—and argue that they often introduce discontinuities near zero. For example, a vegetarian’s preferences would be discontinuous near zero amount of animal meat. We distinguish intrinsic values from instrumental ones, which are means rather than ends and serve as proxies for intrinsic values. We illustrate the relevance of our value-based model in different contexts, including equity concerns and prosocial behavior.

This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Funding: The authors acknowledge support from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grants ANR-11-IDEX-0003 and 11-LABX-0047], the Israel Science Foundation [Grant 1443/20], the AXA Research Fund [Chair for Decision Sciences], the Foerder Institute at Tel-Aviv University, and the Sapir Center for Economic Development (Gilboa).

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01632 .
Rapid manufacture of defect-free microlens arrays by precision glass molding
Authors: Gain Asit Kumar , Zhang Liangchi
Published: June 2024

This paper introduces cost-effective and flexible manufacturing
techniques for producing a defect-free microlens array (MLA) using
different optical materials, including norland optical adhesive (NOA),
polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and borosilicate glass P-BK7. The
investigation showed that by using a proper mold, defect-free NOA,
PMMA, and optical glass MLA with various geometries can be efficiently
manufactured by a polymerization or a precision glass molding (PGM)
process. The investigation reveals that the surface quality of NOA MLA
can be significantly improved by adjusting the viscosity of the NOA
monomer solution. By optimizing the viscosity, defect-free MLA of high
quality can be achieved. Furthermore, the study shows that
high-quality PMMA and P-BK7 MLA can be obtained by carefully
controlling the molding temperature and pressure during the PGM
process. The appropriate adjustment of these parameters ensures the
successful fabrication of MLA with excellent surface quality and
without any defects.
Sagnac interferometer current transformer based on pulse multiplexing network structure
Authors: Zhao Yi , Li Can , Zuo Yan , Xia Li
Published: June 2024

The monitoring of current plays an important role in accurately grasping the working status of the power system. In this paper, a Sagnac interferometer (SI) current transformer (CT) based on pulse multiplexing network structure is proposed. The network multiplexing structure can multiplex a pulsed light into multiple sensing signals, eliminating interference from light source power jitter and sudden changes in optical path loss. SI consists of a uniaxial working coupler, a 45° Faraday rotator, two quarter wave plates (QWPs), and spun fiber. The uniaxial working coupler used can achieve slow axis operation and fast axis cutoff, and convert light into linear polarization light. After passing QWPs, the forward and backward light changes from linear polarization to circular polarization, which can be used for current sensing. Experiments have shown that it has good linearity and repeatability. The proposed sensor has the advantages of low cost and simple structure, which has broad prospects in applications with not very high precision requirements.
High-speed, long-range and wide-field OCT for in vivo 3D imaging of the oral cavity achieved by a 600 kHz swept source laser
Authors: Shi Yaping , Liu Jian , Wang Ruikang K.
Published: June 2024

We report a high-speed, long-range, and wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system aimed for imaging microstructures and microcirculations in the oral cavity. This system operates at a scan speed of 600 kHz, delivering a wide imaging field of view at 42 × 42 mm2 and a ranging distance of 36 mm. To simultaneously meet the requirements of high speed and long range, it is necessary for the k-clock trigger signal to be generated at its maximum speed, which may induce non-linear phase response in electronic devices due to the excessive k-clock frequency bandwidth, leading to phase errors. To address this challenge, we introduced a concept of electrical dispersion and a global k-clock compensation approach to improve overall performance of the imaging system. Additionally, image distortion in the wide-field imaging mode is also corrected using a method based on distortion vector maps. With this system, we demonstrate comprehensive structural and blood flow imaging of the anterior oral cavity in healthy individuals. The high-speed, long-range, and wide-field SS-OCT system opens new opportunities for comprehensive oral cavity examinations and holds promise as a reliable tool for assessing oral health conditions.
Impact of exposure time on optical-phase measurements in turbulence
Authors: Kalensky Matthew , Hyde Milo W. , Getts Darren , Spencer Mark F.
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we explore the impact of exposure time on optical-phase measurements collected on light that has propagated through atmospheric-optical turbulence. We model the exposure time by phase averaging over a convective distance, and we quantify the associated impact of imposing an exposure time using the piston- and tilt-removed phase variance. We accomplish this analysis through the development of an analytic solution and wave-optics simulations. In turn, we show that the analytic solution and simulation results are in good agreement when U
c
τ/D≲0.25, where U
c
is the convective velocity, τ is the exposure time, and D is the aperture diameter. When U
c
τ/D≳0.25, the analytic solution underestimates the piston- and tilt-removed phase variance relative to the simulation results, and we discuss these differences. This work, at large, informs wavefront sensing and adaptive-optics efforts, where either the wind speed is high, the system is on a high-speed platform, the beacon is on a high-speed platform, or the beacon signal is very faint thereby requiring long-exposure data collections.
Metalens optical receiver for multi-beam free-space optical communication
Authors: Islam Md Shafiqul , Boyraz Ozdal
Published: June 2024

A conventional optical receiver with a single detector accepts optical beams from a small range of angles of arrival (AoAs) and hence is not suitable for simultaneous communication with nodes with angular diversity. Here, we demonstrate a novel, to our knowledge, two-metalens-single-detector optical receiver that can collect optical beams coming from a wide range of AoAs. We show that the capability to collect broad AoAs with high efficiency makes the proposed receiver suitable for multi-beam free-space optical communication. An analysis for an exemplary three-beam system shows more than 70% collection efficiency at 2° AoA, which is 35× higher than conventional receivers.
IKT-Konzepte zur Digitalisierung von MicroGrids und deren Betriebsführung
Authors: Hallmann Marcel , Pietracho Robert , Komarnicki Przemyslaw , Du Jia Lei , Niederkofler Michael , Käfer Peter
Published: June 2024

Der Artikel befasst sich mit der Entwicklung intelligenter MicroGrids in lokalen Verteilungsnetzen und der dafür notwendigen Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik-Infrastruktur (IKT) und deren Rahmenbedingungen. Die geopolitischen und technischen Bedingungen für die Schaffung moderner Energiesysteme erfordern die Einführung fortschrittlicher Telemetriesysteme. Der Beitrag stellt das Konzept zweier realer Demonstrationssysteme vor, die für die Verwaltung und Kontrolle von Energiegeräten in Verteilnetzen sowie für den Energiefluss zwischen ausgewählten Punkten im Netz entwickelt wurden. Es werden zwei unabhängig voneinander arbeitende Systeme in Deutschland und Österreich vorgestellt, um die Integrität und Zuverlässigkeit des Betriebs von erneuerbaren Energie Anlagen zu erhöhen. In dem Artikel werden ebenfalls Lösungsszenarien und positive Aspekte der einzelnen getesteten Systeme vorgestellt. Der Artikel soll den Nachweis erbringen, dass die Flexibilität dieser Systeme bei der Anpassung an sich ändernde Netzparameter, Kundenverhalten und Anforderungen der Netzbetreiber erhöht werden muss.
Barriers and facilitators to perioperative smoking cessation: A scoping review
Authors: Ofori Sandra , Rayner Daniel , Mikhail David , Borges Flavia K. , Marcucci Maura M. , Conen David , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Devereaux P. J.
Published: June 2024

Objective

Smoking cessation interventions are underutilized in the surgical setting. We aimed to systematically identify the barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation in the surgical setting.

Methods

Following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework for scoping reviews, we searched 5 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) for quantitative or qualitative studies published in English (since 2000) evaluating barriers and facilitators to perioperative smoking cessation interventions. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and mapped to the theoretical domains framework (TDF).

Results

From 31 studies, we identified 23 unique barriers and 13 facilitators mapped to 11 of the 14 TDF domains. The barriers were within the domains of knowledge (e.g., inadequate knowledge of smoking cessation interventions) in 23 (74.2%) studies; environmental context and resources (e.g., lack of time to deliver smoking cessation interventions) in 19 (61.3%) studies; beliefs about capabilities (e.g., belief that patients are nervous about surgery/diagnosis) in 14 (45.2%) studies; and social/professional role and identity (e.g., surgeons do not believe it is their role to provide smoking cessation interventions) in 8 (25.8%) studies. Facilitators were mainly within the domains of environmental context and resources (e.g., provision of quit smoking advice as routine surgical care) in 15 (48.4%) studies, reinforcement (e.g., surgery itself as a motivator to kickstart quit attempts) in 8 (25.8%) studies, and skills (e.g., smoking cessation training and awareness of guidelines) in 5 (16.2%) studies.

Conclusion

The identified barriers and facilitators are actionable targets for future studies aimed at translating evidence informed smoking cessation interventions into practice in perioperative settings. More research is needed to evaluate how targeting these barriers and facilitators will impact smoking outcomes.
Association of catechol-o-methyltransferase gene polymorphism with preeclampsia and biomarkers of oxidative stress: Study protocol for a prospective case-control study in Pakistan
Authors: Yousuf Farheen , Fatima Tasneem , Rehman Rehana , Azam Iqbal , Khan Samra , Anis Maha , Mansha Rubeka , Khan Shagufta
Published: June 2024

Background

Preeclampsia is one of the three leading causes of worldwide maternal mortality. Oxidative stress-mediated endothelial damage is expected to be an ultimate common mechanism in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. The role of bioamines is also well-established in the induction of preeclampsia. This project is aimed to understand the factors which may affect the induction, progression, and aggravation of preeclampsia and oxidative stress during pregnancy. This study will explore the methylation pattern of the Catechol-O-methyltransferase gene to determine its role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, association of Val158Met polymorphism with a wide range of oxidative stress biomarkers, major antioxidants vitamins, and blood pressure regulating amines in preeclamptic Pakistani women.

Methods and analysis

In this prospective case-control study, 85 preeclamptic and 85 normotensive pregnant women will be recruited in their third trimesters. DNA will be extracted from peripheral blood and Val158Met polymorphism in the Catechol-O-methyltransferase gene will be examined on PCR amplified product digested with Hin1II (NlaIII) restriction enzyme, further validated by Sanger sequencing. Methylation-sensitive PCR will also be performed. Oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant vitamins, bioamines, and catechol-O-methyltransferase levels will be measured by ELISA. The data will be used to correlate maternal and fetal outcomes in both groups.

Discussion

This study will help to identify and understand the multifactorial path and cause-effect relationship of gene polymorphism, oxidative stress biomarkers, major antioxidants vitamins, and blood pressure regulating amines in the pathogenesis and aggravation of preeclampsia in the Pakistani population. The outcome of this project will be particularly helpful in reducing the incidence of preeclampsia and further improving its management.
TBC1D24 is likely to regulate vesicle trafficking in glia-like non-sensory epithelial cells of the cochlea
Authors: Defourny Jean
Published: June 2024

Mutations in the gene encoding Tre2/Bub2/Cdc16 (TBC)1 domain family member 24 (TBC1D24) protein are associated with a variety of neurological disorders, ranging from non-syndromic hearing loss to drug-resistant lethal epileptic encephalopathy and DOORS syndrome [Deafness, Onychodystrophy, Osteodystrophy, intellectual disability (formerly referred to as mental Retardation), and Seizures]. TBC1D24 is a vesicle-associated protein involved in neural crest cell and neuronal migration, maturation, and neurotransmission. In the cochlea, TBC1D24 has been detected in auditory neurons, but few reliable and convergent data exist about the sensory epithelium. Here, the expression of TBC1D24 has been characterized via immunolabelling throughout the postnatal maturation of the mouse cochlear sensory epithelium. TBC1D24 was detected in glia-like non-sensory epithelial cells during early developmental stages. In contrast, TBC1D24 was virtually absent in adjacent sensory hair cells. This expression distinguishing non-sensory from sensory epithelial cells almost disappears around the onset of hearing. Until now, TBC1D24 was mainly described as a neuronal protein either in the brain or in the cochlea. The present observations suggest that TBC1D24 could also regulate vesicle trafficking in cochlear glia-like non-sensory epithelial cells. For a long time, research about epilepsy has been mainly neurocentric. However, there is now evidence proving that glial cell dysregulation contribute to pathogenesis of epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders. As a consequence, exploring the possibility that TBC1D24 could also have a role in glial cells of the central nervous system could help to gain insight into TBC1D24-related neurological pathogenesis.
Abordajes quirúrgicos del espacio parafaríngeo. Comparación de abordajes externos y endoscópicos. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Losada-Campa Juan , Torres-Morientes Luis Miguel , Pastor-Vázquez Juan Francisco , Tamayo-Gómez Eduardo , Martín-Fernández Marta , Santos-Pérez Jaime
Published: June 2024

Introducción y objetivo:
El espacio parafaríngeo es un espacio profundo cráneo-cervical donde los tumores primarios son excepcionales, constituyendo únicamente un 0,5% de todas las neoformaciones de cabeza y cuello. Las lesiones benignas representan el 70-80%, siendo el adenoma pleomorfo el tumor más frecuente en esta localización. El tratamiento de elección en la actualidad continúa siendo la resección quirúrgica completa de la lesión. Si bien clásicamente el tipo de abordaje quirúrgico más utilizado ha sido el abordaje externo, actualmente, con la aparición de técnicas endoscópicas, se han descrito nuevos métodos de abordaje útiles para la resección de tumores parafaríngeos.

Método:
Presentamos una revisión sistemática sobre los abordajes quirúrgicos externo, endonasal y transoral del espacio parafaríngeo, con un total de 1725 pacientes y 92 (lados) de cadáveres donde se analizó el tipo de abordaje utilizado/estudiado en cada cirugía, comparando tanto las ventajas como inconvenientes que ofrecen cada uno de ellos.

Resultados:
La revisión sistemática cuenta con un total de 40 artículos, 1654 pacientes y 92 (lados) de cadáveres donde se analizó el tipo de abordaje utilizado/estudiado en cada cirugía.

Discusión:
Los abordajes externos han sido clásicamente el tipo de abordaje quirúrgico más utilizado. Presentan ventajas importantes como ser el único tipo de abordaje con el que se consigue exponer de forma completa el campo quirúrgico. Como inconvenientes destacan una gran repercusión sobre la funcionalidad de los tejidos, gran variedad de complicaciones postoperatorias y un mayor tiempo quirúrgico y tiempo de ingreso hospitalario. Los abordajes endoscópicos han tenido un gran desarrollo en los últimos años y presentan ventajas como ser cirugías menos lesivas en cuanto a la funcionalidad de los tejidos, evitar cicatrices faciales o postoperatorios más cómodo y menos dolorosos para el paciente. Pero también tienen incovenientes como una falta de espacio o alcance quirúrgico de la técnica y una aplicación limitada, que depende tanto del tamaño y el tipo del tumor que presenta el paciente.

Conclusiones:
Aunque tradicionalmente el abordaje quirúrgico más utilizado ha sido el abordaje externo, en las últimas décadas y de manera especialmente llamativa y relevante en los últimos años, la cirugía endoscópica ha supuesto un revulsivo a la hora de realizar cirugías en esta localización. Tanto el abordaje endoscópico endonasal como el transoral, bien con la utilización de tecnología robótica o sin ella, han permitido intervenir lesiones parafaríngeas con menores repercusiones fucionales, un postoperatorio más cómodo y menos doloroso, e ingresos menos prolongados que con las técnicas tradicionales.
Kaukokartoitus ja metsäkoneiden sensorit metsien monimuotoisuus­indikaattorien seurannassa
Authors:   Itä-Suomen yliopisto, Metsätieteiden osasto, Joensuu, Korhonen Lauri , Kärhä Kalle , Maltamo Matti , Malinen Jukka , Hyyppä Juha , Kaartinen Harri , Toivonen Janne , Packalen Petteri , Koivula Matti
Published: June 2024

Tässä kirjallisuuskatsauksessa tarkastellaan, millaista metsien monimuotoisuutta kuvaavaa tietoa voidaan saada nykyaikaisen kaukokartoitus- ja sensoritekniikan avulla. Käsittely keskittyy Suomeen, Ruotsiin ja Norjaan, missä metsät, ilmasto-olot ja teknologiset valmiudet sekä käytetyt teknologiat ovat samankaltaisia. Laserkeilaimia ja kuvantavia monikanavasensoreita voidaan asentaa monenlaisille liikkuville alustoille: satelliitteihin, lentokoneisiin, drooneihin ja metsäkoneisiin. Mitä lähempää kohdetta havainnoidaan, sitä tarkempaa tietoa saadaan, mutta sitä pienempi on myös kerralla havainnoitu pinta-ala. Yleisesti käytetyistä monimuotoisuuden indikaattoreista suurikokoisten säästöpuiden määrää, puuston eri-ikäisrakenteisuutta ja vesistöjen suojavyöhykkeitä voidaan havainnoida suhteellisen luotettavasti Suomessa laajalti saatavilla olevilla lentolaserkeilausaineistoilla. Lahopuun ja vähälukuisten puulajien, kuten haavan (Populus tremula L.), tunnistaminen onnistuu tällä hetkellä esimerkiksi droonien avulla pienille alueille kerrallaan, mutta riittävän tarkan tiedon saaminen suuralueille vaatii nykyistä tarkemman tekniikan käyttöönottamista lentokoneilla tehtävissä kartoituksissa. Tietyille eläin- ja kasvilajeille sopivia elinympäristöjä voidaan kartoittaa suuriltakin alueilta, mutta esimerkiksi pintakasvillisuudesta ei käytännössä vielä saada riittävän tarkkoja suoria havaintoja. Kaukokartoitus soveltuu kuitenkin hyvin maastoinventointien kohdentamiseen oikeisiin paikkoihin. Metsäkonetietoa hyödyntämällä on mahdollista dokumentoida hakkuissa tehdyt tekopökkelöt ja säästöpuuryhmän tai muun käsittelemättömän alueen, esimerkiksi vesistön tai pienveden suojavyöhykkeen, avainbiotoopin, suojeltavan alueen tai riistatiheikön ympäriltä hakatut rungot. Hyödynnettäessä metsäkonetietoa metsäluonnon monimuotoisuuden mittaamisessa ja seurannassa tärkein asia juuri nyt on parantaa hakkuukoneen hakkuulaitteen sijaintitiedon tarkkuutta anturoimalla hakkuukoneen puomi. Tulevaisuudessa tavoitteena on oltava automatisoitu metsäluonnon monimuotoisuuden mittaaminen ja dokumentointi puunkorjuuoperaatioiden yhteydessä, mikä edellyttää metsäkoneen sensorointia. Tarkan, automatisoidun monimuotoisuustiedon tuottaminen metsäkoneissa olevilla sensoreilla on todennäköisesti mahdollista toteuttaa tällä vuosikymmenellä. Yhteenvetona kaukokartoitus- ja sensoritekniikka mahdollistaa tulevaisuudessa huomattavasti nykyistä tarkemman metsien monimuotoisuutta kuvaavan tiedon keräämisen myös suuralueilta. Tarkimpaan lopputulokseen päästään yhdistämällä useista eri lähteistä peräisin olevia tietoja.
A bizonyosság és bizonytalanság jelölőiről 16–18. századi regiszterekben
Authors: Varga Mónika
Published: June 2024

Jelen tanulmány a bizony néhány származékának (bizonyos, bizonyára, bizonyosan és bizonytalan) 16–18. századi történetével foglalkozik. A markerek vizsgálata során az evidencialitás összetett felfogásából a tapasztalat értékelése kerül előtérbe (a megnyilatkozó elkötelezettsége a markerek által kiemelt esemény lehetségessége, valószínűsége iránt). Az elemzés egyrészt az egyes elemek eltérő használataira, másrészt a funkcionális variációkra tér ki a Történeti magánéleti korpusz és a Középmagyar emlékirat- és drámakorpusz adatai alapján. A vizsgált forrásokban adatolhatókká váltak a tárgyalt elemek olyan használatai, amelyek az ómagyar korszakról korábban leírtakhoz (vö. Juhász 1992; D. Mátai 2003) képest újabbnak tekinthetők. A bizonyos a bizonyosság mellett a középmagyarban már egyre gyakrabban jelölhet körülhatárolatlanságot, kevéssé specifikus jelleget. Az adatok alapján a bizonyára funkciója szintén megváltozott, a nyomatékosítás helyett inkább vélekedést, így valamelyes bizonytalanságot is jelölve. A bizonyára tehát a bizonyosan variánsává válik, jóllehet a korszakban részben eltérő kontextusokban használták őket, egyes esetekben akár bizonygatás kifejezésére is.
Morphological and ecological traits of the rigid-leaved water crowfoot Ranunculus subrigidus (Batrachium, Ranunculaceae) in the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia)
Authors: Minakov Ilija D. , Putilin Ilija R. , Zotina Tatyana A. , Yamskikh Irina E. , Kutsev Maxim G. , Kipriyanova Laura M.
Published: June 2024

The study of water crowfoots in the Yenisei River confirmed the wide distribution of recently restored rigid-leaved North American-North Asian species Ranunculus subrigidus instead of previously mentioned European R. circinatus. The species identification as R. subrigidus was confirmed by the analysis of the ITS region nucleotide sequence and morphological data. In contrast to literature data, samples of this species collected in the Yenisei did not have sessile leaves, in half of the samples, the length between first and second bifurcation was greater than the maximum of 0.2 cm previously described for the species, in some of the samples, internodes were shorter than the leaves, also different types of pubescence were observed on plant shoot parts. The conditions under which this species grows in the Yenisei River differ from the previously reported ones, primarily, in such parameters as the water hardness and the flow regime. At the city of Krasnoyarsk, seasonal development of R. subrigidus is affected by the Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Power Plant. The paper presents a geobotanical description of the Yenisei River plant communities dominated by and containing R. subrigidus.
Usage of xenogeneic bone intentionally left exposed to the oral environment after immediate implant placement: a case report with six-year follow-up
Authors: Garcez-Filho João , Carvalho Valessa , Taba Jr Mario
Published: June 2024

Objective: This clinical case report aims to demonstrate a successful treatment using an alternative technique for flapless immediate implant placement by letting the xenogeneic bone graft exposed to the oral environment. Case report: A flapless immediate implant placement into the fresh mandibular first molar socket was done. The alveolar gap was filled by deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) up to the level of the gingival margin, and the biomaterial was intentionally left exposed and maintained only by the cover screw. A definitive restoration was placed six months after the implant insertion. This patient exhibited no clinical or radiologic complications throughout the six-year follow-up period. Conclusion: The DBBM exposed to the oral environment showed stability and caused no sign of infection and clinical complications. Throughout the follow-up time, the patient presented a favorable peri-implant phenotype, with a wide keratinized mucosa width, stable peri-implant buccal bone, as well as the maintenance of crestal bone. Although the exposed biomaterial may be more susceptible to displacement, this approach showed satisfactory performance regarding uneventful healing, esthetics, and function, in a six-year follow-up. However, randomized clinical trials to evaluate the clinical predictability and soft and hard tissues healing profile are needed.
Belleza sin gloria. Para una comprensión del sentido luterano de las imágenes
Authors: García Sánchez Rafael
Published: June 2024

Martín Lutero (1483-1546) dijo: “Mis destructores de imágenes me deben permitir tener un crucifijo, o un cuadro de María, (…)”. El profesor de Wittemberg no fue un iconoclasta radical. Sin embargo, no reconoció en la pintura ni en la escultura religiosa potencia cultual alguna. Vio en ellas valores rememorativos y sin duda didácticos, aunque, todo sea dicho, completamente subordinados a la predicación de la Palabra y al encuentro con ella. Para el padre de la Reforma, el primado de la Escritura carece de rival. En la sola Scriptura tiene lugar el encuentro inmediato y auténtico del hombre con el único mediador, solus Christus. El prestigio venerativo de las imágenes cultuales, largamente debatido en la Iglesia católica, y finalmente bendecido en el II Concilio de Nicea (787), volvió a quedar en entredicho durante la Reforma. Algunos líderes protestantes -Karlstadt, Zuinglio y Calvino- no fueron tan moderados y vieron en la veneración de obras religiosas una forma de idolatría incompatible con la literalidad del mandato veterotestamentario: “(…) no vayáis a pervertiros y os hagáis alguna escultura de cualquier representación que sea (…)” (Dt. 4, 15-16). Aunque Lutero no promovió Bildersturm alguna, el hecho fue que, para el conjunto de la Reforma, las imágenes religiosas carecían de aura religiosa. Los efectos de la iconoclasia protestante y del castigo in efigie fueron muy negativos, pues se destruyó un número muy considerable de pinturas y esculturas religiosas, algunas de las cuales, debieron tener gran valor artístico. Las consecuencias fueron básicamente dos. Por un lado, en la pintura religiosa se incorporaron muchos textos de la Escritura (filacteria), y la imagen quedó verbalizada y subordinada a la Palabra. Por otro, la prohibición de obras de culto impulsó la exploración de temáticas cotidianas, más centradas en la vida ordinaria que en la espiritual. Sin duda que todo ello abrió horizontes nuevos para el arte y supuso un enriquecimiento. No obstante, el sentido religioso y aurático de las obras cultuales quedó depotenciado en las latitudes protestantes. Sin aura religiosa, la experiencia artística es una experiencia de belleza, pero no de gloria, esa que podía padecer el fiel (instruido e iletrado), cuando las imágenes religiosas eran consideradas: lugar de presencia, de manifestación, lugar de revelación y topos teológico. Rafael García Sánchez es doctor arquitecto (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 2007) y profesor de Estética y de Historia de la arquitectura en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura y Edificación de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena. Es autor de numerosos artículos de investigación en revistas nacionales e internacionales de Arte, Arquitectura, Estética y Filosofía y de los libros Meditación sobre la ciudad actual (Edit.um, 2013), El Renacimiento como artificio (Munilla-Lería, 2018), Trazas medievales (Eunsa, 2018), Numen Loci (Eunsa, 2019) y Belleza sapiente (Eunsa, 2020).
Periodismo, derecho y tribunales
Authors: Ronda Iglesias Javier , Campra García de Viguer Marián
Published: June 2024

El periodismo de tribunales se ha convertido en una destacada especialidad que es trascendental por sus noticias, donde el periodista debe conocer desde los procesos judiciales hasta el lenguaje jurídico. Las noticias judiciales abren informativos en la radio y la televisión y es portada de la prensa en numerosas ediciones. Dentro de este campo del periodismo nos encontramos diferentes operadores jurídicos que se convierten en fuentes informativas. Esta obra pretende ayudar a los periodistas que ejercen esta especialidad, a los que estudian y piensan dedicarse a este apasionante campo del periodismo y también a los que ya son periodistas en ejercicio. Pero no olvidamos a los estudiantes de Derecho y a los interesados en este ámbito, como abogados, jueces, fiscales, letrados de la administración de justicia, procuradores, peritos judiciales, forenses, … que en más de una ocasión tendrán que “hablar con los periodistas” sobre algún caso judicial que les ha “tocado y es mediático”. Este libro acerca tanto al estudiante de Derecho como al jurista al “funcionamiento” del mundo del periodismo de tribunales. Se exponen todas las claves del periodismo judicial, por eso la obra aborda una doble vertiente: Periodismo y Derecho, Derecho y Periodismo. Quién es quién en el campo de los tribunales y en el ámbito jurídico, sentencias, recursos, autos de prisión, juicios con jurado, veredictos, la acusación del fiscal, tribunales militares, … Este libro es una herramienta que puede utilizarse como manual de ayuda para conocer este periodismo especializado y todo lo que le rodea.
Юзовка – Сталино – Донецк: политизация национального вопроса в прозе о Донбассе советских писателей 1930–1980-х гг.
Authors: Shestakova Eleonora
Published: June 2024

Donetsk is a young industrial city. This is captured in the history of its naming, reflective of the transformations of the politics of the two empires: Yuzovka – Stalino – Donetsk. There are few fictional works devoted to Donetsk in Soviet literature. It is local, regional literature, created by natives of the region from the 1930s to the 1980s. Donetsk’s art-journalistic metatext was formed along with the city transforming itself from a worker’s settlement into the capital of industrial Donbass. After October 1917 the city and metatext of Donetsk consistently “did not remember”, “did not see” its origins – Yuzovka – but was concentrated on the Soviet present of the region. The historically conditioned multinational of Yuzovka, under the pressure of Soviet policy and ideology, was transformed into an internationality based on the dominance of the Soviet (essentially Russian) man and his local kind: the Donbasovets. The aspirations to level out the national diversity of the region, to obscure the role of people with Ukrainian roots, and to replace it with the politicised internationalization in the fabric of the works have found their semantic and ideological limit. This limit intensified when the depersonalisation of national-cultural features of the city, region was artificially imposed and it manifested in speech, everyday realities, and the memorial culture of the common people.
Specialized compounds of four Cameroonian spices: Isolation, characterization, and in silico evaluation as prospective SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors
Authors: Happi Gervais Mouthé , Sikam Klev Gaïtan , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Dzouemo Liliane Clotilde , Kemayou Guy-Paulin M. , Keuteu Praid Likane , Sidhom Peter A. , Sayed Shaban R. M. , Hegazy Mohamed-Elamir F. , Wansi Jean Duplex
Published: June 2024

Since the emergency of coronavirus disease 2019, no specific drug has been developed within the fighting program against its spread. In Cameroon, it has been reported that the dish “yellow soup” can significantly curb the progress of the disease, while no chemical investigations have been done so far to support that conclusion. Chemical investigations of four selected spices of that dish led to the isolation of a total of 44 distinct pure compounds, which were identified using spectroscopic data. Furthermore, the docking scores of the isolated compounds were inspected by AutoDock4.2.6 software toward SARS-CoV-2 multi-targets involving main protease (Mpro), helicase, papain-like protease (PLpro), and human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The most potent isolated compounds underwent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations over 100 ns. Stigmasterol demonstrated outstanding potency toward Mpro and PLpro with ΔG
binding values of −35.6 and −36.6 kcal/mol, respectively, compared to nirmatrelvir. Nevertheless, 3β-taraxeryl acetate revealed good binding affinity against helicase and lupeol unveiled superior binding energy toward ACE2 compared to nirmatrelvir. Post-MD analyses manifested great steadiness of the isolated compounds within the binding pockets of SARS-CoV-2 targets throughout 100 ns MD simulations. Stigmasterol, 3β-taraxeryl acetate, and lupeol are recommended for further in vivo/in vitro tests toward SARS-CoV-2 multi-targets.