bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Flavanoid Derivatives Containing a 1,4‐Benzodioxane Moiety.
Authors: Czompa Andrea , Dinya Zoltan , Antus Sandor , Varga Zsuzsa
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Concerted Synthesis of Hydroxychalcones, Flavanones, and Benzo[b]furans Through Palladium‐Catalyzed Reactions.
Authors: De Mahuya , Majumdar Dyuti P. , Kundu Nitya G.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution by Use of N‐Tosyliminium Ions; Elaboration of 3‐Aryl Tetrahydroisoquinolines.
Authors: Bianchi Dario A. , Kaufman Teodoro S.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Novel Pyrimidine Analogues of o‐Hydroxy Chalcones and Pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidines and Their Biological Activities.
Authors: Ahluwalia Vinod K. , Chopra Madhu , Chandra Ramesh
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Indeno[1,2‐b]pyrazine‐2,3‐diones: A New Class of Antagonists at the Glycine Site of the NMDA Receptor with Potent in vivo Activity.
Authors: Jimonet Patrick , et al. et al.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Ring Enlargement by Diastereoselective Stevens Rearrangement in Chiral 1,3‐Oxazolidinium Salts. A Novel Entry to Enantiopure Morpholines.
Authors: Pedrosa Rafael , Andres Celia , Delgado Manuel
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crown Ether Substituted 1,4‐Distyrylbenzenes and Their Complexation with Alkali Picrates.
Authors: Schwoeppe Dirk , Meier Herbert
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Coordinative Properties of a Hybrid Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane‐terpyridine (I).
Authors: Pickaert Guillaume , Cesario Michele , Douce Laurent , Ziessel Raymond
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Condensation of Ylidyl Chlorophosphines with Phosphines and Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane and ‐amine.
Authors: Breitsameter Florian , Mayer Peter , Schmidpeter Alfred
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reaction of β‐Organoyltelluro Vinylphosphonates and Vinyl Sulfones.
Authors: Jang Won Bum , Oh Dong Young , Lee Chi‐Wan
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Carbon Electrophiles with Cobalt‐Coordinated Enynes: Scope and Limitations.
Authors: Mayr Herbert , Kuhn Oliver , Schlierf Clemens , Ofial Armin R.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Protolimonoids and Limonoids. Part 2. Study of the Stereochemistry of New Tetranortriterpenoids Isolated from the Root‐Wood of Chisocheton paniculatus Hiern (Meliaceae).
Authors: Yadav R. D. , Kataky J. C. S. , Mathur R. K.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Six Novel Tetraterpenoid Ethers, Lycopanerols B—G, and Some Other Constituents from the Green Microalga Botryococcus braunii.
Authors: Rager M.‐N. , Metzger P.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Limonoids from Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr.
Authors: Chiaroni Angele , Riche Claude , Khuong‐Huu Qui , Nguyen‐Ngoc Hanh , Nguyen‐Viet Kinh , Khuong‐Huu Francoise
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of Chiral Terminal Allenes via Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed Reduction of Mesylates of 2‐Bromoalk‐2‐en‐1‐ols Bearing a Protected Amino Group, Using Diethylzinc.
Authors: Ohno Hiroaki , Toda Ayako , Oishi Shinya , Tanaka Tetsuaki , Takemoto Yoshiji , Fujii Nobutaka , Ibuka Toshiro
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Preparation of L,L‐Aspartame Citric Amide.
Authors: Katritzky Alan R. , Fang Yunfeng , Prakash Indra
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Trialkylsilyl‐Substituted α‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Bolm Carsten , Kasyan Andrey , Drauz Karlheinz , Guenther Kurt , Raabe Gerhard
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐Deoxy‐4‐fluoro Analogues of 2‐Acetamido‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose and 2‐Acetamido‐2‐deoxy‐D‐galactose and Their Effects on Cellular Glycosaminoglycan Biosynthesis.
Authors: Berkin Ali , Szarek Walter A. , Kisilevsky Robert
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of Natural Pseudo‐aminosugars, (+)‐Valienamine and (+)‐Validamine.
Authors: Tatsuta Kuniaki , Mukai Hiroshi , Takahashi Masaaki
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of α‐Aminonitriles. Part 29. Regioselective α‐Phosphorylation of Aldoses in Aqueous Solution.
Authors: Krishnamurthy Ramanarayanan , Guntha Sreenivasulu , Eschenmoser Albert
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of an Aminocyclopentitol Analogue of α‐L‐Fucose via an Allylic Bromohydrin.
Authors: Blaser Adrian , Reymond Jean‐Louis
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Sialyl‐Lewis A‐Asparagine Building Block for Glycopeptide‐Synthesis.
Authors: Peilstoecker Karen , Kunz Horst
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Analgesic Activity, and Binding Properties of Some Epibatidine Analogues with a Tropine Skeleton.
Authors: Radl Stanislav , Hafner Wieland , Budesinsky Milo , Hejnova Lucie , Krejci Ivan
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Modification of the Pomeranz—Fritsch—Bobbitt Synthesis of Tetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloids: Synthesis of (‐)‐Salsolidine and (‐)‐Carnegine.
Authors: Gluszynska Agata , Rozwadowska Maria D.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activity of Benzo[b]pyrano[3,2‐h]acridin‐7‐one Analogues of Acronycine.
Authors: Tillequin Francois , et al. et al.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some 2,3′‐Anhydro and 3′‐Mesyl Nucleosides.
Authors: Abdel‐Megied Ahmed E.‐S.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Oxidized Form of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide.
Authors: Guillot Benoit , Jelsch Christian , Lecomte Claude
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Tricyclic Carbapenems (Trinems).
Authors: Kanno Osamu , Shimoji Yasuo , Ohya Satoshi , Kawamoto Isao
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Optically Polarized 129Xe in Magnetic Resonance Techniques
Authors: Pietrass Tanja
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hysteresis in Soft Magnetic Materials
Authors: Basso Vittorio , Bertotti Giorgio
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Equilibria in the Cu—Se System
Authors: Glazov V. M. , Pashinkin A. S. , Fedorov V. A.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Introduction to Zeolite Modeling
Authors: Van de Graaf Bastiaan , Njo Swie Lan , Smirnov Konstantin S.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Characterization of Self‐Assembled Nanostructural Materials
Authors: Wang Li‐Qiong , Exarhos Gregory J. , Liu Jun
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Borohydride Exchange Resins (BER) — A Group of Versatile and Powerful Polymer‐Supported Reductants
Authors: Kirschning Andreas
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Burgess Reagent ([Methoxycarbonylsulfamoyl]triethylammonium Hydroxide, Inner Salt): Dehydrations and More
Authors: Lamberth Clemens
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Isatin: A Versatile Molecule for the Synthesis of Novel Spiroheterocycles
Authors: Joshi Krishna C. , Joshi Rahul
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Expansion to Seven‐Membered Rings
Authors: Kantorowski Eric J. , Kurth Mark J.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions at the Carboxy Group: Esterification of Amino Acids
Authors: Barrett Graham C.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thioacylation of the Amino Group of an Amino Acid
Authors: Barrett Graham C.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Acylation and Alkoxycarbonylation of the Amino Group
Authors: Barrett Graham C.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Applications of Conformationally Constrained Phenylalanine Analogues
Authors: Gibson Susan E. , Guillo Nathalie , Kalindjian S. Barret , Tozer Matthew J. , Whitcombe Nicole J.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxathiaphospholane Method in the Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Phosphorothioate Analogues of Oligonucleotides
Authors: Okruszek A.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of Palladium Chemistry to the Total Syntheses of Naturally Occurring Indole Alkaloids
Authors: Li Jie Jack
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymerization of Silanes with Platinum Metal Catalysts
Authors: Mechtler Christian , Marschner Christoph
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cytochrome P 450′s: Potential Catalysts for Asymmetric Olefin Epoxidations
Authors: Martinez Carlos A. , Stewart Jon D.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Natural Products with Polyene Amide Structures
Authors: Najera Carmen , Yus Miguel
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Syntheses of Trinems
Authors: Rossi Tino
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cytotoxic Marine Macrolides: An Aldol‐Based Approach to Spongistatin 1 (Altohyrtin A)
Authors: Paterson Ian , Gibson Karl R. , Keown Linda E. , Norcross Roger D. , Oballa Renata M. , Wallace Debra J.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Di‐π‐methane Photorearrangement of 2,3‐Disubstituted Benzobarrelenes and Benzonorbornadienes: Effect of Substituents of Opposite Polarity on the Regioselectivity and Synthesis of Benzopinane Skeleton
Authors: Balci Metin
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Biotransformations in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Loughlin Wendy A.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polarity of Organic Supramolecular Materials: A Tunable Crystal Property
Authors: Hulliger Jurg , Roth Stephan W. , Quintel Andrea , Bebie Hans
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR Spectra of Fluorinated Carbohydrates
Authors: Michalik Manfred , Hein Martin , Frank Michael
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Long‐term Clinical Outcomes of Drug‐Eluting Stents Vs Bare‐Metal Stents in Chinese Patients
Authors: Ho Hee‐Hwa , Pong Vincent , Siu Chung‐Wah , Jim Man‐Hong , Miu Raymond , Yiu Kai‐Hang , Ko Ryan , Tse Hung‐Fat , Kwok On‐Hing , Chow Wing‐Hing
Published: June 2010

Background

There is limited data on the magnitude of the problem of drug‐eluting stent (DES) thrombosis in the Asian population.

Hypothesis

We evaluated the long‐term clinical outcomes of DES vs bare metal stents (BMS) in Chinese patients.

Methods

From January 2002 to October 2005, 1236 consecutive patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with DES or BMS coronary stent implantation at our institution. We analyzed major clinical end points like all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization (TLR), and stent thrombosis.

Results

The 3‐year cumulative rates of all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular death, and myocardial infarction were significantly lower in the DES group (3.4%, 0.9%, 3.6%) when compared with the BMS group (7.5%, 4.4%, 6.2%; P < .05). No significant differences were found in the 3‐year cumulative rates for TLR or stent thrombosis when comparing the DES group (8.3%, 1.63%) vs the BMS group (9.6%, 1.6%; P > .05). However, after 1 year, there were 8 episodes of stent thrombosis in the DES group vs 1 episode of stent thrombosis in the BMS group (P = .04).

Conclusion

Drug‐eluting stents are associated with a significant reduction in the 3‐year cumulative rates of all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular death, and myocardial infarction when compared to BMS. However, there were no significant differences in the cumulative rates of TLR or stent thrombosis at 3 years. Stent thrombosis after 1 year was more common in the DES group, but this did not translate to increased mortality. The suggestion that DES might confer a mortality benefit should be interpreted with caution as there could be several confounding factors that were not identified in our study. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With Hepatitis C Infection Treated With Bare‐Metal Versus Drug‐Eluting Stents
Authors: Palaniswamy Chandrasekar , Aronow Wilbert S. , Sukhija Rishi , Chugh Tarun , Ramdeen Navi , Kalapatapu Kumar , Weiss Melvin B. , Pucillo Anthony L. , Monsen Craig E.
Published: June 2010

Background

There are no data comparing the long‐term outcome of bare‐metal stents (BMS) vs drug‐eluting stents (DES) in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

Hypothesis

In patients with HCV infection, the rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) would be less, and the mortality rates similar, in patients treated with DES than in patients treated with BMS.

Methods

The incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during long‐term follow‐up, including death, myocardial infarction, and target‐vessel revascularization, was investigated in HCV‐infected patients who also underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with bare‐metal or drug‐eluting stents.

Results

Of 78 patients studied, BMS were placed in 41 patients and DES stents in 37 patients. Stepwise Cox regression analyses were performed to identify significant independent risk factors for MACE. At 42 ± 11 − month follow‐up, MACE occurred in 9 of 41 patients (22%) in the BMS group (mean age 63 ± 11 years, 66% men) vs in 7 of 37 patients (19%) in the DES group (mean age 61 ± 9 years, 65% men). There was no significant difference in MACE in the BMS group vs the DES group. This persisted even after controlling for length of the stent, complexity of lesion, and other comorbidities. All‐cause mortality was not significantly different in the BMS group vs the DES group (7% vs 5%).

Conclusions

At long‐term follow‐up of HCV‐infected patients with stable liver function, the rates of MACE and of all‐cause mortality were similar in the BMS and DES groups. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hyponatremia in Heart Failure: Revisiting Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Kazory Amir
Published: June 2010

Hyponatremia is frequently encountered in patients with heart failure (HF), and its association with adverse outcomes is well‐established in this population. While hyponatremia is an independent marker for severity of HF, it is not certain whether it has a causal impact on the progression of the disease. There are no universally accepted consensus guidelines regarding therapeutic strategies for HF‐associated hyponatremia and volume overload; current societal guidelines do not address management of this complication. Whereas thiazide diuretics are known to induce or worsen hyponatremia in this setting through a number of mechanisms, loop diuretics can be considered a readily available first‐line pharmacologic therapy. Consistent with pathophysiology of the disease and mechanisms of action of loop diuretics, available clinical evidence supports such an approach provided that patients can be closely monitored. Use of vasopressin receptor antagonists is an emerging therapeutic strategy in this setting, and the efficacy of these agents has so far been shown in a number of clinical studies. These agents can be reserved for patients with HF in whom initial appropriate loop diuretic therapy fails to improve serum sodium levels. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Proteins as Possible Targets for Cytotoxic trans‐Platinum(II) Complexes with Aliphatic Amine Ligands: Further Exceptions to the DNA Paradigm
Authors: Cubo Leticia , Groessl Michael , Dyson Paul J. , Quiroga Adoración G. , Navarro‐Ranninger Carmen , Casini Angela
Published: June 2010

The reactivity of three cytotoxic trans‐PtII complexes bearing aliphatic amine ligands, with transferrin and single‐stranded oligonucleotides as DNA models, was investigated by ESI‐MS and the results obtained are discussed in comparison with cisplatin. Tandem MS studies provided additional information on the preferential Pt binding sites. To determine whether trans‐PtII complexes can migrate from a peptide to an oligonucleotide, transfer experiments were also performed using ESI‐MS, and competitive binding of the trans‐PtII complexes toward a model peptide and different oligonucleotides was also investigated. Significant differences in the reactivity of the trans complexes with respect to cisplatin were observed. In general, adduct formation with the selected peptide is favored for the trans compounds, whereas cisplatin shows a preference for oligonucleotides, especially if adjacent G–G residues are present. The results are discussed in relation to the possible mechanism of action of the trans‐PtII complexes.
Analysis of multisite 2D relaxation exchange NMR
Authors: Van Landeghem Maxime , Haber Agnes , D'espinose De Lacaillerie Jean‐Baptiste , Blümich Bernhard
Published: June 2010

Two‐dimensional (2D) relaxation exchange nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is in many ways similar to 2D frequency exchange NMR, except that the encoding times are comparable to the exchange time. This fact prevents the straightforward analysis of the cross‐peak intensities in terms of joint probability densities, and quantitative information and understanding can only be obtained by comparison with simulated spectra. Based on simulations, an explanation is proposed as to why interference between relaxation and exchange may lead to asymmetric 2D exchange maps when exchange occurs between more than two sites. Practically, retro‐fitting a simulated data set to an experimental one is shown to allow for the determination of the experimental relaxation and exchange parameters. This point is illustrated by studying a two‐site model system consisting of interstitial water exchanging within a pack of spherical silica particles. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 36A: 153–169, 2010.
MR‐compatible device for monitoring hand tracing and writing tasks in fMRI with an application to healthy subjects
Authors: Diciotti Stefano , Cecchi Paolo , Ginestroni Andrea , Mazzoni Lorenzo Nicola , Pesaresi Ilaria , Lombardo Simone , Boni Enrico , Cosottini Mirco , Soricelli Andrea , De Stefano Nicola , Mascalchi Mario
Published: June 2010

Monitoring devices enable control of the correct execution of a given task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) acquisitions and analysis of behavioral features that can influence brain activation patterns. In this report, we describe and validate a low‐cost device for monitoring hand tracing and writing tasks during fMRI. The subject holds a light‐emitting pen whose light spot is recorded by a fixed camera aligned with the tracing plane. Pen trajectories are extracted by a blob detection algorithm through Laplacian of Gaussian filtering applied to the camera recordings. Following phantom and in vivo experiments which demonstrated MR compatibility, the device was applied to monitor the particular case of the task of continuous and self‐paced writing of an “8” figure in 10 healthy subjects. They underwent fMRI examinations during the task under three conditions: spontaneous frequency and figure size, “low” frequency and “small” figure size. The task recordings were analyzed with a dedicated algorithm that computed both frequency and area of the figures “8” writing. The device was judged comfortable by all subjects. fMRI data analysis showed that task frequency influenced the activation within primary sensory motor and premotor frontal cortices, while figure size interfered with the activation in posterior parietal cortex. Both frequency and size parameters modulated activation in the inferior cerebellum. By monitoring writing‐tasks executions, this device is expected to broaden the spectrum of applications of fMRI. Indeed, it could allow the investigation of patients suffering from neurological disorders affecting handwriting, such as apraxic disorders, cerebellar disorders, or parkinsonisms. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 36A: 139–152, 2010.
The theory of cosy NMR experiments revisited: Application to an AX spin system of quadrupolar nuclei
Authors: Kempgens P.
Published: June 2010

The two‐dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance correlation spectroscopy (2D NMR COSY) spectrum of an AX spin system of spin‐1 has been calculated by numerical density matrix calculations. The mathematical expressions found are valid for an AX spin system of any spins. These expressions should be used to calculate the 2D NMR COSY spectrum of an AX spin system of high spin nuclei as their use will significantly simplify the calculations. More precisely, one needs to calculate only one set of coefficients despite the need of two steps in the phase cycling to achieve phase modulation during t1. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 36A: 170–177, 2010.
Spectroscopic lineshapes, k‐space coverage, and image properties in MRI
Authors: Wooten E. Wrenn
Published: June 2010

The effects of k‐space coverage on a magnetic resonance image are calculated using a spectroscopic approach to obtain expressions for the points in an MRI. The points are obtained as linear combinations of the absorption and dispersion lineshapes used to describe conventional NMR spectra. In addition to highlighting the relationship between MRI and NMR, the spectroscopic approach provides simple quantitative expressions which may be used to conceptualize and quantify how changes in k‐space, calculated in the corresponding image space, affect image properties. The effects of k‐space coverage on contrast and resolution as well as how artifacts such as Gibbs oscillations arise in both continuous and discrete sampling are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 36A: 187–209, 2010.
The Charge of Solid–Liquid Interfaces Measured by X‐Ray Standing Waves and Streaming Current
Authors: Brücher Martin , von Bohlen Alex , Jacob Peter , Franzke Joachim , Radtke Martin , Reinholz Uwe , Müller Bernd R. , Scharf Oliver , Hergenröder Roland
Published: June 2010

Measurements of ion distributions at a charged solid–liquid interface using X‐ray standing waves (XSW) are presented. High energy synchrotron radiation (17.48 keV) is used to produce an XSW pattern inside a thin water film on a silicon wafer. The liquid phase is an aqueous solution containing Br and Rb ions. The surface charge is adjusted by titration. Measurements are performed over a pH range from 2.2–9, using the native Si oxide layer and functional (amine) groups as surface charge. The Debye length, indicating the extension of the diffuse layer, could be measured with values varying between 1–4 nm. For functionalized wafers, the pH dependent change from attraction to repulsion of an ion species could be detected, indicating the isoelectric point. In combination with the measurement of the streaming current, the surface charge of the sample could be quantified.
Spiral periodic structure inside chaotic region in parameter‐space of a Chua circuit
Authors: Albuquerque Holokx A. , Rech Paulo C.
Published: June 2010

In this letter we investigate, via numerical simulations, the parameter‐space of the set of autonomous first‐order differential equations of a Chua circuit. We show that this parameter‐space presents self‐organized periodic structures immersed in a chaotic region, forming a single spiral structure that coils up around a focal point. Additionally, bifurcation diagrams are used to show that those periodic structures also organize themselves in period‐adding cascades, along specific directions that point towards this same focal point. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lightweight and provably secure user authentication with anonymity for the global mobility network
Authors: Chen Chun , He Daojing , Chan Sammy , Bu Jiajun , Gao Yi , Fan Rong
Published: June 2010

Seamless roaming in the global mobility network (GLOMONET) is highly desirable for mobile users, although their proper authentication is challenging. This is because not only are wireless networks susceptible to attacks, but also mobile terminals have limited computational power. Recently, some authentication schemes with anonymity for the GLOMONET have been proposed. This paper shows some security weaknesses in those schemes. Furthermore, a lightweight and provably secure user authentication scheme with anonymity for the GLOMONET is proposed. It uses only symmetric cryptographic and hash operation primitives for secure authentication. Besides, it takes only four message exchanges among the user, foreign agent and home agent. We also demonstrate that this protocol enjoys important security attributes including prevention of various attacks, single registration, user anonymity, user friendly, no password/verifier table, and use of one‐time session key between mobile user and foreign agent. The security properties of the proposed protocol are formally validated by a model checking tool called AVISPA. Furthermore, as one of the new features in our protocol, it can defend smart card security breaches. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct Activation of Forkhead Box O3 by Tumor Suppressors p53 and p73 Is Disrupted During Liver Regeneration in Mice†,‡
Authors: Kurinna Svitlana , Stratton Sabrina A. , Tsai Wen-Wei , Akdemir Kadir C. , Gu Weisong , Singh Pallavi , Goode Triona , Darlington Gretchen J. , Barton Michelle Craig
Published: June 2010

The p53 family of proteins regulates the expression of target genes that promote cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which may be linked to cellular growth control as well as tumor suppression. Within the p53 family, p53 and the transactivating p73 isoform (TA-p73) have hepatic-specific functions in development and tumor suppression. Here, we determined TA-p73 interactions with chromatin in the adult mouse liver and found forkhead box O3 (

Foxo3

) to be one of 158 gene targets. Global profiling of hepatic gene expression in the regenerating liver versus the quiescent liver revealed specific, functional categories of genes regulated over the time of regeneration.

Foxo3

is the most responsive gene among transcription factors with altered expression during regenerative cellular proliferation. p53 and TA-p73 bind a

Foxo3

p53 response element (p53RE) and maintain active expression in the quiescent liver. During regeneration of the liver, the binding of p53 and TA-p73, the recruitment of acetyltransferase p300, and the active chromatin structure of

Foxo3

are disrupted along with a loss of

Foxo3

expression. In agreement with the loss of Foxo3 transcriptional activation, a decrease in histone activation marks (dimethylated histone H3 at lysine 4, acetylated histone H3 at lysine 14, and acetylated H4) at the

Foxo3

p53RE was detected after partial hepatectomy in mice. These parameters of

Foxo3

regulation are reestablished with the completion of liver growth and regeneration and support a temporary suspension of p53 and TA-p73 regulatory functions in normal cells during tissue regeneration. p53-dependent and TA-p73–dependent activation of

Foxo3

was also observed in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and in mouse hepatoma cells overexpressing p53, TA-p73α, and TA-p73β isoforms.

Conclusion:

p53 and p73 directly bind and activate the expression of the

Foxo3

gene in the adult mouse liver and murine cell lines. p53, TA-p73, and p300 binding and

Foxo3

expression decrease during liver regeneration, and this suggests a critical growth control mechanism mediated by these transcription factors

in vivo

.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Murine Liver Tumor Cells Promotes Invasion†,‡
Authors: Ding Wei , You Hanning , Dang Hien , LeBlanc Francis , Galicia Vivian , Lu Shelly C. , Stiles Bangyan , Rountree Bart C.
Published: June 2010

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is predicted to play a critical role in metastatic disease in hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we used a novel murine model of EMT to elucidate a mechanism of tumor progression and metastasis. A total of 2 × 106 liver cells isolated from

Pten

loxp/loxp/

Alb-Cre

+ mice, expanded from a single CD133+CD45− cell clone, passage 0 (P0), were sequentially transplanted to obtain two passages of tumor cells, P1 and P2. Cells were analyzed for gene expression using microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Functional analysis included cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and orthotopic tumor metastasis assays in vivo. Although P0, P1, and P2 each formed tumors consistent with mixed liver epithelium, within the P2 cells, two distinct cell types were clearly visible: cells with epithelial morphology similar to P0 cells and cells with fibroblastoid morphology. These P2 mesenchymal cells demonstrated increased locomotion on wound healing; increased cell invasion on Matrigel basement membrane; increased EMT-associated gene expression of

Snail1

,

Zeb1

,

and Zeb2

; and down-regulated

E-cadherin

. P2 mesenchymal cells demonstrated significantly faster tumor growth in vivo compared with P2 epithelial counterparts, with invasion of intestine, pancreas, spleen, and lymph nodes. Furthermore, P2 mesenchymal cells secreted high levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which we propose acts in a paracrine fashion to drive epithelial cells to undergo EMT. In addition, a second murine liver cancer stem cell line with methionine adenosyltransferase 1a deficiency acquired EMT after sequential transplantations, indicating that EMT was not restricted to Pten-deleted tumors.

Conclusion:

EMT is associated with a high rate of liver tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in vivo, which is driven by HGF secreted from mesenchymal tumor cells in a feed-forward mechanism.
Glucosidase Inhibition Enhances Presentation of De– N -Glycosylated Hepatitis B Virus Epitopes by Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I In Vitro and in Woodchucks
Authors: Norton Pamela A. , Menne Stephan , Sinnathamby Gomathinayagam , Betesh Lucy , Cote Paul J. , Philip Ramila , Mehta Anand S. , Tennant Bud C. , Block Timothy M.
Published: June 2010

In this report, the possibility of pharmacologically altering the hepatitis B virus (HBV) epitopes presented by major histocompatibility complex class I on infected cells is demonstrated. The HBV middle envelope glycoprotein (MHBs) maturation appears to require calnexin-mediated folding. This interaction is dependent on glucosidases in the endoplasmic reticulum. Prevention of HBV envelope protein maturation in cultured cells through use of glucosidase inhibitors, such as 6-O-butanoyl castanospermine and

N

-nonyl deoxynorjirimycin, resulted in MHBs degradation by proteasomes. The de–

N

-glycosylation associated with polypeptide degradation was predicted to result in conversion of asparagine residues into aspartic acid residues. This prediction was confirmed by showing that peptides corresponding to the

N

-glycosylation sequons of MHBs, but with aspartic acid replacing asparagine, (1) can prime human cytotoxic T lymphocytes that recognize HBV-producing cells and (2) that the presentation of these envelope motifs by major histocompatibility complex class I is enhanced by incubation with glucosidase inhibitors. Moreover, although peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from woodchucks chronically infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus and vaccinated with woodchuck hepatitis virus surface antigen could be induced to recognize the natural MHBs asparagine-containing peptides, only cells isolated from animals treated with glucosidase inhibitor recognized the aspartic acid–containing peptides.

Conclusion:

These data suggest that pharmacological intervention with glucosidase inhibitors can alter the MHBs epitopes presented. This editing of the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide results in a new epitope, or “editope”, with possible medical significance. (Hepatology 2010;)