bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
User Requirements Analysis of Digital-Based Solutions for Supporting Disabilities using User Journey Map (Case Study of PSLD Brawijaya University)
Authors: Rahmah Yusriyah , Aknuranda Ismiarta , Ratnawati Dian Eka
Published: March 2024

Disability is any condition of the body or mind that makes it more difficult for the person with the condition to do certain activities and interact with the world around them. Persons with disabilities need assistance in various fields related to their limitations to improve their quality of life. Either area that needs to be optimized to fulfill the rights of persons with disabilities is inclusive education. Brawijaya University supports inclusive education by establishing an organizational institution called Pusat Studi dan Layanan Disabilitas Universitas Brawijaya (PSLD UB). PSLD UB provides peer tutoring services by involving non-disabled students (volunteers) to assist students with disabilities during academic activities. So far, the process of implementing peer tutoring has often encountered problems due to schedule changes or other unexpected activities, causing schedule mismatches between volunteers and students with disabilities. To fulfill disability rights, it’s necessary to have a digital solution in peer tutoring activities, while to design the solution it’s necessary to analyze the right user requirements. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze user requirements to optimize user experience, so that developers can use it to develop peer tutoring systems. This study applies a User Journey Map to analyze user requirements to know the description of the user's steps in achieving the goal. The selection of respondents was based on purposive sampling technique with the criteria of respondents who had carried out the peer tutoring process. From the results of this study, it was found three main features that suit user requirements are automatic replacement, emergency requests, and list of available volunteers.
Dynamics of Urban Heat Island and Anthropogenic Emissions in Bekasi before and during COVID-19 Pandemic using Landsat 8 and Sentinel-5P
Authors: Parhusip Ramanatalia , Shidiq Iqbal Putut Ash , Semedi Jarot Mulyo
Published: March 2024

The rise in temperature in urban areas resulting in UHI formation is thought to be significantly driven by anthropogenic emissions due to human activities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Indonesian government issued the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) and Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement (PPKM) policy. Bekasi Regency is part of the Jabodetabek megapolitan that applied strict PSBB and PPKM treatment during the pandemic. The decreasing industrial activity and traffic volume are expected to reduce air pollutants and thermal radiation. The research method uses processed satellite imagery from Sentinel 5P to get anthropogenic emissions concentrations (NO2 and SO2) and Landsat 8 to get land surface temperature (LST). The results showed that Bekasi had a slight decrease in the concentration of anthropogenic emissions during COVID-19 pandemic 2020, then increased during COVID-19 pandemic 2021. The areas affected by urban heat islands increased steadily during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, when the concentration of anthropogenic emissions rises, the UHI ascends.
The application of the attractor model to cognitive poetics, journalism, and foreign language learning.
Authors: Shubina Anna Olegovna
Published: March 2024

The article examines the issue of applying of the complex dynamic systems theory elements in the field of teaching foreign languages, analyzing the use of the Internet, cognitive poetics, and journalism. In all these areas, the attractor model is mainly used. An attractor is a potential state of a system to which it is evolving. The semantics of the term is clearly dominated by the meaning of attraction. The article presents the justification of the methodological aspect in the application of the attractor model in various fields of science. An overview of domestic and foreign works in these fields is given, and various types of attractors are considered. Special attention is paid to cognitive poetics, a relatively new field of cognitive linguistics that systematically explores the relationship between the literary texts structure and their perception and conceptualization. In cognitive poetics, attractors influence the level of discourse by creating attention-attracting text objects. New types of textual attractors are proposed – neologisms (nonword), as well as elements of non-trivial lexical phrase that are not collocations. A lexical unit is a textual attractor if it attracts the reader's attention. The proof that a nonword attracts attention is that it introduces dissonance into the text, or that the lexical solution takes longer time. The proof that a nontrivial phrase can be considered a textual attractor is an increase in the reaction time to this phrase. The main contribution of the author to the study of the topic can be called the presentation of two types of new textual attractors, namely nonword and non-trivial phrase. The study of the structure and methods of producing individual author's occasional nonwords and non-trivial phrases that act as attractors in a V. Pelevin’s dystopian novel is carried out.
Acoustic Liners Combined with Fine Perforated Film
Authors: Murata Yo , Ishii Tatsuya , Enomoto Shunji , Oinuma Hideshi , Nagai Kenichiro , Oki Junichi , Daiguji Hirofumi
Published: March 2024

The presence of grazing flow can alter the noise reduction performance of resonant liner panels. One possible cause is the flow entering the liner opening. In this study, a fine perforated film was applied to the surface of acoustic liners to prevent such flow effects. Three types of liner samples were fabricated and tested in a flow duct rig at the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. The first sample was a conventional resonant liner (“baseline”), the second sample had a fine perforated film directly attached to the baseline liner surface (“direct fine perforated film”), and the third sample had a gap fixed between the film and the liner surface (“fine perforated film with a gap”). The impedance eduction results show that the fine perforated film with a gap was effective in separating grazing flow from the liner openings and in reducing the effect of the flow on the impedance. The transmission loss in the duct improved. However, the effectiveness of the direct fine perforated film was limited. The fine perforated film with a gap structure showed potential to facilitate the design of high-efficiency liners under grazing flow conditions.
A case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome presenting as multiple intussusception of small bowel – A rare surgical emergency
Authors: Srinivas N. M. , Pasha Mohammed Muzamil , Ridwan Hanim Mohammed
Published: March 2024

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterised by melanin pigment spots on the oral mucosa, lips, nasal alae, palm and soles, as well as hamartomatous polyps in the alimentary canal. Polyps are often a cause of intussusception in the affected patients. Cancers of the gastrointestinal system, uterus, and breast are common in patients with PJS. Long-term follow-up is required to prevent intussusception in children and cancer in adults. We report a classical case of PJS presenting with multiple intussusception of the small bowel in a 20-year-old male patient.
Unveiling the neuroprotective potential of chrysin on the pre-frontal cortex of adult male Wistar rats
Authors: Egwuatu Ifeanyi Anthony , Ozoemena Chiadikobi Lawrence , Onuorah Fortune Kasiemobi
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Excessive free radicals in the human body predispose cells within the various systems to an imbalance and accumulation of oxygen-reactive species, known as oxidative stress. The central nervous system is not spared when it comes to these cell and tissue damages. Oxidative stress on the central nervous system may be responsible for anxiety, spatial memory impairment, neuronal cell depletion, and vacuole-tissue degeneration resulting from neurotoxicity. The use of chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin has been implicated in the build-up of this imbalance between oxygen-reactive species and antioxidants. Therefore, it has become an area of research interest to seek antioxidant supplements that may offer neuroprotective effects. This study is aimed to evaluate the protective potential of chrysin on the pre-frontal cortex of male Wistar rats with doxorubicin-induced cognitive impairment.

Material and Methods

Thirty-five adult Wistar rats (180–200 g) were grouped into seven (1–7; n = 5). Group 1, the normal control, received normal saline treatment only throughout the study. Group 2 was administered with doxorubicin only for 21 days by intraperitoneal injection. Groups 3 and 4 were administered with chrysin in low and high doses for 21 days orally. Groups 5, 6 and 7 were exposed to doxorubicin and chrysin for 21 days intra-peritoneally and orally with low, medium and high doses, respectively.

Results

Anti-oxidative biomarkers analysed in Group 2 (doxorubicin-only) demonstrated a significant difference when compared to other groups. This corresponded to significant elevations in apoptotic indicators, inflammatory markers and histological lesions, which were indicative of cognitive impairment. 5, 7-dihydroxyflavone (chrysin) significantly mitigated and also reversed cognitive impairment caused by doxorubicin.

Conclusion

The data showed that chrysin protected against doxorubicin-induced cognitive impairment. This effect is probably made possible by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.
Impact of the gut–brain axis on neurodegenerative diseases and potential benefits of probiotics
Authors: Samanta Saptadip , Parua Mondal Saswati
Published: March 2024

Gut microbiota are an essential community for human health. They produce different bioactive components and short-chain fatty acids for physiological benefits. Intestinal flora elicits an immune response and maintains a balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines during the inflammatory response. The intricate relationship between the activities of gut microbes and brain functions creates the gut–brain axis. Microbial metabolites of the gut reach the brain through blood and lymphatic circulation. The bioactive components from gut microorganisms regulate oxidative stress, cytokine profiles, neuroinflammation, apoptotic reactions and neurodegeneration. Dysbiosis alters the activity of gut microbiota, which causes gastrointestinal disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic syndrome and cancers. Probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp.) have different health promotional effects and exhibit a significant role in immunomodulation. These bacteria display some protective role against various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders.
Perspective: How can risks to patients be limited during spine surgeons’ learning curves?
Authors: Epstein Nancy E.
Published: March 2024

Background:

Learning curves (LC) are typically defined by the number of different spinal procedures surgeons must perform before becoming “proficient,” as demonstrated by reductions in operative times, estimated blood loss (EBL), length of hospital stay (LOS), adverse events (AE), fewer conversions to open procedures, along with improved outcomes. Reviewing 12 studies revealed LC varied widely from 10-44 cases for open vs. minimally invasive (MI) lumbar diskectomy, laminectomy, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF), and oblique/extreme lateral interbody fusions (OLIF/XLIF). We asked whether the risks of harm occurring during these LC could be limited if surgeons routinely utilized in-person/intraoperative mentoring (i.e., via industry, academia, or well-trained colleagues).

Methods:

We evaluated LC for multiple lumbar operations in 12 studies.

Results:

These studies revealed no LC for open vs. MI lumbar diskectomy. LC required 29 cases for MI laminectomy, 10-44 cases for MI TLIF, 24-30 cases for MI OLIF, and 30 cases for XLIF. Additionally, the LC for MI ALIF was 30 cases; one study showed that 32% of major vascular injuries occurred in the first 25 vs. 0% for the next 25 cases. Shouldn’t the risks of harm to patients occurring during these LC be limited if surgeons routinely utilized in-person/intraoperative mentoring?

Conclusions:

Twelve studies showed that the LC for at different MI lumbar spine operations varied markedly (i.e., 10-44 cases). Wouldn’t and shouldn’t spine surgeons avail themselves of routine in-person/intraoperative mentoring to limit patients’ risks of injury during their respective LC for these varied spine procedures ?
Influences on Stress Load in Adolescents with Major Depression
Authors:   University of Trier, Frauenstr 7, 54290 Trier, Germany, Laessle Reinhold , Schmidt Ulrike ,   University of Trier, Frauenstr 7, 54290 Trier, Germany
Published: March 2024

Based on former empirical studies and theoretical models the present study investigated, whether stress symptoms, stress coping and somatic complaints are different between depressed girls and healthy controls. 148 girls with a mean age of 15 years were studied twice with 6 months between the two assessments. 74 fulfilled DSM IV criteria for major depression at first assessment. Stress symptoms, stress coping and somatic complaints were measured with validated German questionnaires. Depressed girls showed more stress symptoms and a higher stress vulnerability. On the other hand, in stress coping depressed girls preferred destructive strategies and had a lack of useful behaviors such as problem solving or search for social support. Stress load was significantly influenced by the severity of somatic complaints and also by inadequate stress coping such as resignation, but not by hyperactivity of HPA axis.
Determinants of Stress Coping in Young Girls with Major Depression
Authors:   University of Trier, Frauenstr 7, 54290 Trier, Germany, Laessle Reinhold
Published: March 2024

Based on former empirical studies and theoretical considerations the present study investigated differences in stress load and stress coping between adolescent girls with major depression and controls. In addition a biological indicator of chronic stress (the cortisol awakening response) was measured. 148 girls with a mean age of 15 years were studied and assessed twice with a time interval of six months in between. 74 fulfilled DSM IV criteria for major depression at first assessment. Stress symptoms and stress coping was measured with SSKJ 3-8 and SVFKJ, which are validated German questionnaires. Linear multiple regression was used to identify the variables which influence stress coping. Depressed girls reported a significantly higher stress load and significantly more destructive stress coping. The best prediction was found for a resignative coping strategy with initial degree of depression as best predictor. When using a lack of positive self instruction as dependent variable the cortisol awakening response also contributed significantly to the amount of explained variance. Because initial degree of depression seemed to determine the later inadequate coping strategies prevention programs for depression in adolescents are recommended.
Industrial Fluoride Emissions are Dangerous to Animal Health, but Most Ranchers are Unaware of it
Authors:   Department of Advanced Science and Technology, National Institute of Medical Science and Research, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur & Former Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Government Meera Girls College, India, SL Choubisa
Published: March 2024

No doubt, industrialization is relatively more important and necessary for the sustainable development and economy for any country or geographical region. That is why many types of factories or industrial activities work day and night for different types of production. But there are many of these factories which continuously emit fluoride in the gaseous and particulate/dust forms into their surrounding environments and contaminate diverse natural resources such as soil, air, reservoirs, herbage, vegetation, ecosystem etc. In the world or in different countries, the major and most common sources of industrial fluoride emissions are coal-fired power plants and industrial activities, such as the production of steel, iron, aluminium, zinc, phosphorus, chemical fertilizers, oil refineries, bricks, glasses, plastic, cement, and hydrofluoric acid. When domestic animals viz. cattle (Bos taurus), water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), sheep (Ovis aries), goats (Capra hircus), horses (Equus caballus), donkeys (Equus asinus), and dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) exposed to industrial fluoride emissions or pollution over a long period of time, it becomes highly toxic and poses a threat to animal health. In the world, thousands of domestic animals have been found to be suffering from a dangerous disease called industrial fluorosis due to chronic exposure of industrial fluoride. In fact, this fluoride affects the teeth and bones and soft organs as well. Due to its chronic toxicosis, teeth become weak and mottled (dental fluorosis) and animals develop lameness (skeletal fluorosis) when fluoride toxicosis becomes more severe. However, immature and bovine animals are found to be more prone to fluorosis. Apart from the health of animals, industrial fluorosis in domestic animals also affects the economy of the livestock farmers. But most ranchers or livestock farmers are unaware of it. In present editorial, the most common sources of industrial fluoride emissions, chronic industrial fluoride toxicosis or industrial fluorosis in domestic animals, and the possible ways for how to prevent animals from this disease have been highlighted. Through this article, it is also to attract the attention of the responsible people so that this health problem caused by industrial fluoride pollution can be prevented in economically important animals.
Is Cognitive Capability Hampered By Heat Waves?
Authors:   Applied Optics and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tezpur University, India, Biswas Rajib
Published: March 2024

These concise perspective overviews the potential risk posed by heat-waves in the context of cognitive ability. The findings are correlated with the causative effects and related consequences.
A Post Traumatic Conjunctival Melanoma
Authors:   Ophthalmology B, Ibn-Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco, H Tazi , K Naya ,   Ophthalmology B, Ibn-Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco, L Serghini ,   Ophthalmology B, Ibn-Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco, A Elhassan ,   Ophthalmology B, Ibn-Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco, B Amina ,   Ophthalmology B, Ibn-Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
Published: March 2024

Conjunctival melanoma is a relatively rare malignant tumor [1]. This observation suggests the role of trauma in the occurrence of melanomas [2]. We report a case of 54-year-old man with a history of perforating ocular trauma 20 years ago, occasioning a conjunctivo-scleral wound of the right eye, sutured without any complications. Recently he was referred for a conjunctival lesion since 4 months. The ophthalmological examination found a pigmented mass in the bulbar-nasal conjunctiva of the right eye. This lesion develops at the same site of the previous ocular trauma. It has a polylobulated appearance, and richly vascularized with soft consistency (Figure 1). CT scan of the orbital region shows no intraocular extension.
Paget’s Disease with Angioid Streaks of the Retina: Case Report
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco, S Homaide , S Boussetta ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco, Z Cheikh ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco, A Mchachi ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco, L Benhmidoune ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco, R Rachid ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco, M Elbelhadji ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco
Published: March 2024

Angioid streaks are a striking fundus change produced by linear breaks in Bruch’s membrane. First described in 1889 by Doyne in a patient with retinal hemorrhages secondary to trauma. They are most often associated with pseudoxanthoma elasticum, but there have been a number of cases reported in connection with other conditions, such as Paget’s disease, which is a localized disorder of bone remodeling characterized by the increase in bone resorption followed by an increase in new bone formation, altering bone architecture. Angioid streaks are present in 10 to 15% of patients with Paget’s disease. It was aimed to share this case report to underline the rarity of this combination.
Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy after Surgery: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca Morocco, S Boussetta , S Homaide ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca Morocco, Z Cheikh ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca Morocco, A Mchachi ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca Morocco, L Benhmidoune ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca Morocco, R Rachid ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca Morocco, M Elbelhadji ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca Morocco
Published: March 2024

We propose in this work to report a case of perioperative posterior ischemic optic neuropathy, after a cardiac surgery. This is a 45-year-old patient, operated for Coronary Angioplasty and Stenting. 24h after the surgery he noticed a bilateral loss of vision. Examination of the both eyes revealed visual acuity decreased to no light perception, absent pupillary light reflexes and normal fundus. The neurological examinationis normal, macular OCT and cerebral magnetic imaging were normal. Visual evoked potentials were absent confirming the diagnosis of right retrobulbar optic neuropathy. The evolution was marked by no improvement of vision and the development of optic nerve atrophy. Perioperative posterior ischemic optic neuropathy during cataract surgery is an extremely rare incident. Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy is an uncommon complication Its physiopathology is multifactorial and dominated by hypotension and anemia. Its prognosis is bad and visual recovery is generally poor.
Traumatic Rosette Cataract
Authors:   Department of Ophtalmology, Military Hospital Mohammed-V, Mohammed V University -Rabat, Morocco, Brarou Houda , Sebbata Soundouss ,   Department of Ophtalmology, Military Hospital Mohammed-V, Mohammed V University -Rabat, Morocco, Laaouina Soukaina ,   Department of Ophtalmology, Military Hospital Mohammed-V, Mohammed V University -Rabat, Morocco, Saif Zineb ,   Department of Ophtalmology, Military Hospital Mohammed-V, Mohammed V University -Rabat, Morocco, Abdellaoui Taoufik ,   Department of Ophtalmology, Military Hospital Mohammed-V, Mohammed V University -Rabat, Morocco, Fiqhi Aissam ,   Department of Ophtalmology, Military Hospital Mohammed-V, Mohammed V University -Rabat, Morocco, Mouzari Yassine ,   Department of Ophtalmology, Military Hospital Mohammed-V, Mohammed V University -Rabat, Morocco, Oubaaz Abdelbarre ,   Department of Ophtalmology, Military Hospital Mohammed-V, Mohammed V University -Rabat, Morocco
Published: March 2024

A 39-years-old man was referred to the ophthalmology department because of a progressive unilateral decrease of visual acuity over the previous 9 months. The patient reported having blunt ocular trauma from a fist punch one year earlier. On examination, he was noted to have a stellate-shaped axial opacification of the right lens. Traumatic cataracts are caused by blunt or penetrating ocular trauma. The proposed mechanism for indirect injury is shock waves progressing through the eye along the line of concussion. Opacification of the lens may occur in the cortex or capsule and can result in the formation of a stellate-shaped or rosette-shaped cataract. If such injuries disrupt the visual axis, cataract surgery may be required. This patient regained full visual acuity after successful phacoemulsification and intraocular-lens implantation.
Hexacyclotetradecenes as Polycyclic Fused exo-Norbornene Monomers: Synthesis of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers via Ti-Catalyzed Efficient Polymerization
Authors: Funahashi Eri , Iwata Yusuke , Matsuoka Shin-ichi
Published: March 2024

Polycyclic fused norbornenes (NBs) are important monomers for producing thermally stable cyclic olefin polymers and copolymers (COCs). However, the difficult addition polymerization of sterically demanding endo-substituted NBs limits the range of accessible COCs. Here, we explored the synthesis and polymerization of an isomeric mixture of hexacyclotetradecenes (1a and 1b) as new polycyclic fused exo-NB-based monomers. These monomers were readily prepared via a two-step catalysis process: norbornadiene dimerization followed by protic-acid-catalyzed isomerization. While ring-opening metathesis polymerization using conventional Ru carbene catalysts was not viable, addition polymerization and copolymerization with 1-octene, catalyzed by a Ti complex, successfully proceeded in a controlled manner. Monomer 1 was consumed faster than 1-octene to form gradient copolymers. 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies exhibited reasonable signals that indicated a 1,2-addition polymer structure. X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry analysis confirmed the amorphous nature and thermal stability of poly1, which showed no weight loss below 400 °C. Thus, this study demonstrates the synthesis and polymerization of new promising polycyclic olefin monomers suitable for producing COC materials.
Corrosion Inhibition of AZ31-xLi (x = 4, 8, 12) Magnesium Alloys in Sodium Chloride Solutions by Aqueous Molybdate
Authors: Osipenko Maria , Paspelau Andrei , Kasach Aliaksandr , Ryl Jacek , Skowron Konrad , Adamiec Janusz , Kurilo Irina , Kharytonau Dzmitry
Published: March 2024

In this work, corrosion inhibition of lithium-containing AZ31 magnesium alloys AZ31-xLi (x = 4, 8, and 12 wt.%) has been examined in 0.05 M NaCl solution with and without 10–150 mM of sodium molybdate as the corrosion inhibitor. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy analyses have been used to investigate the phase composition and microstructure of the alloys. The effectiveness of the molybdate inhibitor has been evaluated by a set of electrochemical methods, including potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS). Instantaneous DEIS measurements allowed to evaluate the effectiveness profile of sodium molybdate, giving high inhibition efficiency (>85%) at concentrations higher than ca. 35 mM. Post-corrosion SEM, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses confirmed the morphology, ionic and valence composition of the formed passive layers on the surface of AZ31-xLi alloys. Based on experimental observations, a two-stage corrosion mechanism of AZ31-xLi alloys in molybdate-containing NaCl solutions has been proposed.
Anharmonic vibrational spectroscopy of germanium-containing clusters, Ge(x)C(4−x) and Ge(x)Si(4−x) (x = 0-4), for interstellar detection
Authors: Flowers Adam Mackenzie , Brown Alex , Klobukowski Mariusz
Published: March 2024

An extensive, high-level theoretical study on tetra-atomic germanium carbide/silicide clusters is presented. Accurate harmonic and anharmonic vibrational frequencies and rotational constants are calculated at the CCSD(T)-F12a(b)/cc- pVT(Q)Z-F12 levels of theory. With growing capabilities to discern more of the chemical composition of the interstellar medium (ISM), an accurate database of reference material is required. The presence of carbon is ubiquitous in the ISM, and silicon is known to be present in interstellar dust grains, however germanium-containing molecules remain elusive. To begin understanding the presence and role of germanium in the ISM, we present this study of the vibrational and rotational spectroscopic properties of various germanium- containing molecules to aid in their potential identification in the ISM with modern observational tools such as the James Webb Space Telescope. Structures studied herein include rhomboidal (r-), diamond (d-), and tetrahedral (t-) tetra-atomic molecules of the form Ge(x)C(4−x) and Ge(x)Si(4−x) , where x=0-4. The most promising structure for detection is the ν4 mode of r-Ge(2)C(2) with a frequency of 802.7 cm−1 (12.46 μm) and an intensity of 307.2 km mol−1. Other molecules potentially detectable, i.e., through vibrational modes or rotational transitions, include r-Ge(3)C, r-GeSi(3), d-GeC(3), r-GeC(3), and t-Ge(2)C(2).
A Polarizable Valence Electron Density Based Force Field for High-Energy Interactions between Atoms and Molecules
Authors: Romero José , Limão-Vieira Paulo , Maihom Thana , Hermansson Kersti , Probst Michael
Published: March 2024

High-accuracy molecular force field models suited for hot gases and plasmas are not as abundant as those geared towards ambient pressure and temperature conditions. Here we present an improved version of our previous electron- density based force field model that can account for polarization effects by adjusting the atomic valence electron contri- butions to match ab initio calculated Mulliken partial charges. Using a slightly modified version of the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem, we also present an improved theoretical formulation of our model when dealing with systems with degenerate ground states. Preliminary results obtained from this methodology for water dimer calculations using CCSD(T)/cc- pVTZ and CCSD(T)/CEP-31G level of theory are presented using an order ten approximation. Further improvements include the additional interaction components with fictitious non-spherically symmetric, yet atom-centered, electron densities and fitting the exchange and correlation coefficients against analytical expressions. The latter removes all unphysical oscillations that are observed in the previous non-polarizable variant of our force field.
De Novo Design of Organic Structure-Directing Agents for Zeolites Using a General-Purpose Large Language Model
Authors: Ito Shusuke , Muraoka Koki , Nakayama Akira
Published: March 2024

Designing organic molecules lies at the heart of solving numerous chemistry-related challenges, necessitating effective collaboration between human intuition and computational power. This study demonstrates how general-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 can facilitate the design of potent molecules, leveraging feedback from experiments and empirical knowledge through natural language. We used this approach to design organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) that guide the crystallization of zeolites. A computational workflow was developed, wherein the LLM proposed novel OSDAs to stabilize targeted zeolites. The suggested candidates underwent evaluation through empirical screening criteria and atomistic simulation. Feedback was then provided to the LLM in natural language to refine subsequent proposals, thus progressively enhancing the proposed OSDAs and promoting the exploration of chemical space. The predicted candidates encompassed experimentally validated OSDAs, structurally analogous ones, and novel ones with superior affinity scores, underscoring the robust capability of the LLM. The collaborations between humans and machines, utilizing natural language as the communication interface, hold potential for application in other molecular design tasks, including drug design.
2-YEAR GRAIN SIZE MONITORING OF THE RIVERBED SEDIMENTS FROM DANUBE DELTA
Authors:   National Research-Development Institute for Marine Geology and Geoecology – GeoEcoMar, 23-25 Dimitrie Onciul Street, RO-024053, Bucharest, Romania, ISPAS Bogdan-Adrian , CATIANIS Irina , PARTALE Adrian
Published: March 2024

The Danube Delta was studied following the Geo-Eco-Mar expeditions in the summer and autumn of 2019 and 2020, respectively, from a sedimentological, faunal and environmental quality point of view. The grain size analyses of the sediments from the bed of the Chilia, Tulcea, Sulina, St. George Branches, as well as the meanders of the Dunărea Veche and Tătaru identified two types of sediments: sediments in which the sand fraction predominates, consisting, in general, of fine sand, and the fractions silt and clay have, in most cases, very low cumulative percentages, often below 1%; clay-silty sediments (muds), consisting predominantly of silt and clay, present in areas where the water velocity has low values. The presence of gravel is also noted, but subordinate to the sandy fractions. Gravel elements are an indicator of human impact in the area. In general, sediments also contain organogenic material, consisting of shells, fragments and plant remains. The interpretation of the data resulting from the granulometric analyzes (the percentages of clay, silt, sand, gravel and textural parameters) highlighted the dynamic conditions in which these sediments specific to the deltaic environment were deposited. In general, the amount of sand varies from one season to another and from one year to another, especially near the banks, with an increase in the sand content in the autumn season. Sandy sediments illustrate a faster flow regime, are well sorted, and are generally present in the central part of the Danube Branches bed.
CXCR4: from B-cell development to B cell–mediated diseases
Authors: Giorgiutti Stéphane , Rottura Julien , Korganow Anne-Sophie , Gies Vincent
Published: March 2024

Chemokine receptors are members of the G protein–coupled receptor superfamily. The C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), one of the most studied chemokine receptors, is widely expressed in hematopoietic and immune cell populations. It is involved in leukocyte trafficking in lymphoid organs and inflammatory sites through its interaction with its natural ligand CXCL12. CXCR4 assumes a pivotal role in B-cell development, ranging from early progenitors to the differentiation of antibody-secreting cells. This review emphasizes the significance of CXCR4 across the various stages of B-cell development, including central tolerance, and delves into the association between CXCR4 and B cell–mediated disorders, from immunodeficiencies such as WHIM (warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis) syndrome to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. The potential of CXCR4 as a therapeutic target is discussed, especially through the identification of novel molecules capable of modulating specific pockets of the CXCR4 molecule. These insights provide a basis for innovative therapeutic approaches in the field.
Novel chemotype NLRP3 inhibitors that target the CRID3-binding pocket with high potency
Authors: Vande Walle Lieselotte , Said Madhukar , Paerewijck Oonagh , Bertoni Arinna , Gattorno Marco , Linclau Bruno , Lamkanfi Mohamed
Published: March 2024

The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a central role in various human diseases. Despite significant interest, most clinical-grade NLRP3 inhibitors are derived from sulfonylurea inhibitor CRID3 (also called MCC950). Here, we describe a novel chemical class of NLRP3-inhibiting compounds (NIC) that exhibit potent and selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition in human monocytes and mouse macrophages. BRET assays demonstrate that they physically interact with NLRP3. Structural modeling further reveals they occupy the same binding site of CRID3 but in a critically different conformation. Furthermore, we show that NIC-11 and NIC-12 lack the off-target activity of CRID3 against the enzymatic activity of carbonic anhydrases I and II. NIC-12 selectively reduces circulating IL-1ß levels in the LPS-endotoxemia model in mice and inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in CAPS patient monocytes and mouse macrophages with about tenfold increased potency compared with CRID3. Altogether, this study unveils a new chemical class of highly potent and selective NLRP3-targeted inhibitors with a well-defined molecular mechanism to complement existing CRID3-based NLRP3 inhibitors in pharmacological studies and serve as novel chemical leads for the development of NLRP3-targeted therapies.
EKSISTENSI THEOS OLEH ARISTOTELES DENGAN SANG SUWUNG DI MASYARAKAT JAWA DALAM DIMENSI FILSAFAT ILMU
Authors: Endar Fajar Ramadhan Endar Fajar
Published: March 2024

  

ABSTRAK

  

Tuhan merupakan sebuah eksistensi yang ada ketika manusia mulai berpikir. Tuhan merupakan Sang Penggerak dimana semua benda menjadi mempunya tujuan pasti. Konsep tersebut dicetuskan oleh Aristoteles, seorang filsuf dari Yunani, murid dari Plato. Konsep Tuhan oleh Aristoteles mempunya relevansi dengan konsep Tuhan dalam masyarakat Jawa, khususnya orang Kejawen. Tuhan oleh orang Kejawen disebut sebagai Sang Suwung. Sang Suwung merupakan entitas murni yang dapat diraih melalui kesadaran murni, dimana manusia dapat berpikir dan mencapai sebuah kesadaran untuk mengenali Sang Atman. Dalam korelasinya, Tuhan oleh Aristoteles dengan Sang Suwung maka ditemukan revelansi tentang eksistensi Tuhan meliputi beberapa hal diantaranya yaitu: 1) kesadaran spiritual, 2) manunggaling kawula Gusti, 3) wajah Sang Suwung, 4) manusia miniatur jagad raya.

Kata kunci: Aristoteles, Suwung, Ilmu Pengetahuan, Kesadaran Murni.

  

ABSTRACT

  

God is an existence that humans begin to think. God is the driving force where all objects have a definite purpose. The concept was coined by Aristotle, a philosopher from Greece, a student of Plato. Aristotle s concept of God has relevance to the concept of God ing Javanese society, especially the Kejawen people. The Kejawen people call God Sang Suwung. Sang Suwung is a pure entity that can be reached through pure consciousness, where humans can think and attain awareness to realize the Atman. In the correlation between God by Aristotle and Sang Suwung, relevations about the existence of God were found including: 1) spiritual awarness, 2) manunggaling kawula Gusti, 3) Sang Suwung s face, 4) miniature human beings in the universe.

Keywords: Aristotle, Suwung, Science, Pure Consciousness.
Analisis Komunitas Online Wikipedia Bahasa Jawa
Authors: Wibowo Danny
Published: March 2024

The Javanese Wikipedia Community is one of the communities under the auspices of Wikimedia Indonesia. The Community has the purpose of cultivating the Javanese language among Indonesian society. One of their programs includes writing articles but in Javanese language. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, most of their activities have shifted to online systems. Because of the switching to an online community, researchers want to do some further research on the process and adaptation that occurs. This study will use the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, which makes the community as an object of research to find problems in the community without changing the values in the community. With the implementation of this research, it is expected to find the value of social change that can be adapted in the Javanese Wikipedia community and other online communities.
JURNAL ANALISIS KOMUNITAS ONLINE DIME POR QUE
Authors: Engelbertha Teressa
Published: March 2024

  

Abstrak  

  

Komunitas Dime Por Que merupakan komunitas online yang fokus utamanya terdapat pada bahasa dan kebudayaan spanyol, komunitas ini didirikan pada tahun 2018 di Jakarta dan memiliki empat orang pengurus yang diantaranya memiliki tugas di bidangnya masing-masing. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sebuah komunitas online dari kacamata analisis sosial yang dijabarkan seperti analisis sejarah, analisis geografis, analisis demografis dan mata pencaharian, analisis struktural, analisis stakeholder, analisis masalah dan tujuan dari komunitas tersebut. Dalam penulisannya, artikel menggunakan metode participatory action research dengan turut serta bergabung dan mengikuti berbagai aktivitas kegiatan Komunitas Online Dime Por Que, mulai dari kegiatan yang sifatnya tatap muka online hingga   melalui media chat pribadi dan room chat. Peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi atau pemantauan terhadap media dan grup Komunitas Online Dime Por Que di platform media, seperti Zoom Meeting, Line Square, dan Instagram. Selanjutnya, lebih jauh peneliti menggunakan teknik wawancara secara virtual kepada pengurus komunitas agar memperoleh data yang maksimal.  

  

Kata kunci: Komunitas Online, Dime Por Que, PAR

  

Abstract

  

The Dime Por Que community is an online community whose main focus is on the Spanish language and culture, this community was founded in 2018 in Jakarta and has four administrators, some of whom have duties in their respective fields. Writing this article aims to examine an online community from the perspective of social analysis that is described as historical analysis, geographical analysis, demographic and livelihood analysis, structural analysis, stakeholder analysis, problem analysis and the goals of the community. In writing, the article uses a participatory action research method by joining and participating in various activities of the Dime Por Que Online Community, ranging from face-to-face online activities to private chat media and chat rooms. Researchers used data collection techniques by observing or monitoring the media and Dime Por Que Online Community groups on media platforms, such as Zoom Meeting, Line Square, and Instagram. Furthermore, the researchers used a virtual interview technique with community administrators in order to obtain maximum data.

  

Keyword :Community Online,   Dime Por Que, PAR

  

  

  
Analisis Komunitas Online Perempuan Berkisah DIY dan Jawa Tengah
Authors: Sastrosumarto Maria Ancilia Widyaningtyas
Published: March 2024

Abstract:

Perempuan Berkisah is one of the feminist online-based communities that fight patriarchy and raise the status of women. The patriarchal culture inherent in various countries, especially in Indonesia, makes Perempuan Berkisah spread their wings in various regions, one of which is Perempuan Berkisah DIY & Central Java. This community is used as a medium of empowerment and a safe space for women to share knowledge and learning, especially in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and Central Java. This qualitative research uses the Participatory Action Research method with the research results written into several types of analysis. The results of the study indicate that this relatively newly formed regional community has several problems in its implementation so that strategies and effective ways are needed so that this problem can be resolved.

Abstrak:

Perempuan Berkisah menjadi salah satu komunitas berbasis online yang mengusung gerakan feminisme dan hadir untuk melawan patriarki serta mengangkat derajat perempuan. Budaya patriarki yang melekat di berbagai negara khususnya di Indonesia membuat Perempuan Berkisah melebarkan sayapnya di berbagai daerah salah satunya Komunitas Perempuan Berkisah DIY & Jawa Tengah. Komunitas ini dijadikan sebagai media pemberdayaan serta ruang aman bagi perempuan untuk berbagi pengetahuan dan pembelajaran khususnya di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode Participatory Action Research dengan hasil penelitian yang dituliskan ke dalam beberapa jenis analisis. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunitas daerah yang tergolong baru terbentuk ini memiliki beberapa masalah dalam pelaksanaannya sehingga dibutuhkan strategi dan cara efektif agar masalah ini dapat terselesaikan.
ANALISIS KOMUNITAS ONLINE LINCAH (LENTERA IBU INDONESIA CERDAS BERDAYA SEJAHTERA)
Authors: Mega Putra I Putu Agung , Puspa Dewi Cicilia Arlita , Widowati Regina Ayu
Published: March 2024

Komunitas LINCAH (Lentera Ibu Indonesia Cerdas Berdaya Sejahtera) merupakan komunitas parenting berbasis oline yang fokus utamanya adalah tentang pendidikan dan Kesehatan ibu dan anak. Tujuan dari LINCAH ini terbentuk karena melihat banyaknya para ibu Indonesia yang terkadang merasa berjuang sendirian, dan tidak memiliki teman dalam merawat anak mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Participatory Action Research (PAR), metode yang melibatkan pelaksanaan penelitian untuk mendefinisikan sebuah masalah maupun menerapkan informasi ke dalam aksi sebagai solusi atas masalah yang telah terdefinisi. Teknik pengumupan datanya berupa wawancara, observasi, dan menggunakan kuisioner. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis aspek-aspek dalam komunitas LINCAH, yaitu aspek geografis, demografis, mata pencaharian, sejarah, struktural, stakeholder, masalah, dan tujuan. Setelah melakukan pengumulan data, didapatkan bahwa terdapat beberapa kendala yang dihadapi oleh komunitas LINCAH di mana menghambat perkembangan komunitas. Namun, secara keseluruhan, komunitas LINCAH dapat berjalan dengan baik dan mencapai tujuan mereka.
TRADISI BUDAYA NGAPEM PADA SEBELUM DAN SETELAH BULAN PUASA DI DUKUH SUMBERAN
Authors: Saputra Rony
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah Untuk mendeskripsikan akulturasi tradisi budaya ngapem dengan agama islam. Untuk mendeskripsikan tergesernya tradisi budaya ngapem dikarenakan perkembangan zaman. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan kesimpulan artikel ini Budaya yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat sebelum terjadinya akulturasi islam banyak yang masih mengaitkan dengan hal- hal yang berbau mistis atau ghaib. Oleh karena itu islam datang untuk membenarkan dan meluruskan, dengan perlahan agar masyarakat jawa mau meninggalkan hal- hal yang mengandung kemusrikan tersebut. Budaya Ngapem ini masih kental dengan unsur kejawen, dimana ajaran kejawen disangkut pautkan ke dalam halhal yang spiritual.
Intensitas Penggunaan Teknologi Digital dan Implikasinya Terhadap Perilaku serta Kesehatan Mental Remaja
Authors: Pahruroji Muhamad , Azhar Salsa Fatia , Harras Kholid Abdullah
Published: March 2024

Intensitas penggunaan teknologi digital yang jauh meningkat selama pandemi Covid-19 banyak mempengaruhi pola perilaku dan kesehatan mental masyarakat khususnya remaja yang secara aktif menggunakan media digital berupa sosial media.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh intensitas penggunaan teknologi digital terhadap perilaku dan kesehatan mental remaja selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini, didapatai bahwa intensitas penggunaan tekonpgi digital yang meningkat sangat mempengaruhi perilaku dan kesehatan remaja, para remaja menjadi malas bergerak dan beraktifitas karena lebih memilih untuk berinteraksi melalui sosial media. Selain itu, kesehatan mental para remaja cenderung menurun karena rasa insecure yang meningkat setelah menggnakan sosial media.
Persepsi Siswa Miskin mengenai Perilaku Siswa Kaya di Sekolah
Authors: Setianingsih Tutut - , Martono Nanang , Puspitasari Elis
Published: March 2024

Tulisan ini menggambarkan persepsi siswa miskin mengenai perilaku siswa kaya di sekolah. Siswa kaya di lingkungan sekolah unggulan memiliki perilaku yang berbeda dan memiliki stereotip negatif di masyarakat seperti gaya hidup yang mewah dan prestasi yang tinggi akibat modal yang dimiliki. Stereotip tersebut tidak sepenuhnya benar. Siswa kaya dan miskin di dalam sekolah memiliki berbagai perbedaan terkait habitus dan kebiasaan. Mereka juga melakukan interaksi yang kemudian memunculkan persepsi dari siswa miskin mengenai perilaku siswa kaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi pustaka dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa interaksi siswa miskin dan kaya disekolah, habitus yang dilakukan siswa kaya, dan pengalaman yang dialami siswa miskin menimbulkan berbagai persepsi positif dan negatif mengenai perilaku siswa kaya. Persepsi positif meliputi perilaku siswa kaya yang memiliki sikap rajin belajar dan persepsi negatif meliputi siswa kaya yang suka melakukan gaya hidup mewah serta berperilaku dehumanisme terhadap siswa miskin.