bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SEVERITY OFPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AMONG DIBETICS AND NON DIBETICS PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors:   Post Graduate Student,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, C.G., Kumar Sahu Deepak , Kanta Mohanty Laxmi ,   Professor& HOD, Department of Respiratory Medicine,Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, C.G., Verma Raghvendra ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine,Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, C.G., Mohanty Smruti ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine,Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, C.G., Gadela Madhuri ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine,Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, C.G., Sahu Prabha ,   Post Graduate Student,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Raipur Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, C.G., Singh Arneja Amandeep ,   Post Graduate Student,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, C.G.
Published: June 2023

Aim: To assess the clinical and radiological profile of pulmonary tuberculosis patientswith and without diabetics in order to understand the various presenting modalities, etiological pattern, severity of TB and clinical-radiological connection of the study population. Design: Comparative cross-sectional study. Materials & Methods:This is a hospital based cross sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital. We were enrolled total of 100 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and screen them for diabetes militants. To obtain data, a predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used. A clinico-radiological profile of pulmonary tuberculosis between with and without diabetes patients were compared. Results:We recruited 100 pulmonary tuberculosis patients among them 32% werediabetes and 68% without diabetes.The most common clinical presentation among both with and without diabetes mellitus group was expectoration, it was slightly more common in non-diabetes group (84%) as compared todiabetes (79%). This followed by evening rise in fever which was slightly more common in non-diabetes group (78%) as compared diabetes group (74%).The most common radiological presentation among both with and without diabetes mellitus group was Infiltrations, however, it was more common in diabetes group (90.6%) as compared to non-diabetes group (70.6%). This followed by cavitary which was again more common in diabetesgroup (78.1%) as compared non-diabetesgroup (50%).Most of non-diabetic patients were falling into1+ and 2+ category. In both sample the severity of the disease 3+ was more in diabetes patients than non- diabetes. Conclusion:Diabetic patients were more likely to get a serious pulmonary infection. More over 40 years of age has more chance of this twin morbidity. Detection and treatment of DM among TBpatients may have a beneficial impact on TB control.
THEROLE OF VIRTUAL DESIGN AND 3D PRINTING FOR RECONSTRUCTION:WORKING ALGORITHM AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Guru Ram das Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Amritsar, Punjab,India., Bawa Ramninder , Verma Nitin ,   Professor & Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Punjab Government Dental College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab, India., Girdhar Puneet ,   Professor and Head, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India., Gowda Sharad ,   Junior Resident, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Punjab Government Dental College & Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
Published: June 2023

Reconstruction of Maxillofacial defects following complex resection is common challenge encountered by many maxillofacial surgeons.The important objectives are to restore the normal anatomy and function with proper adaptation in these complex defects. The introduction ofcomputer aided design (CAD) and 3D printing technology has significantly facilitated greater predictability with improved efficiencies in surgical procedures and prosthetic reconstruction. This paper reviews the concept of virtual surgical planningand 3D technology in surgical proceduresand its broad clinical application in oral & maxillofacial surgery.
Development of public exposure scenarios for land sites with residual radioactive contamination
Authors: Abalkina I. L. , Arakelyan A. A. , Mulenkova E. V. , Samoylov A. A. , Panchenko S. V. , Shirnin M. Yu.
Published: June 2023

The article considers the experience of development of public exposure scenarios for land sites with residual radioactive contamination on the example of three sites located in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The study was intended to identify the anticipated groups of land users and select parameters for calculating radiation doses. Exposure scenarios regarding use of land sites for living or working were described by such parameters as duration of the stay, staying indoors or outdoors, physical activity, etc. Exposure pathways for selected users were identified using the conceptual site model approach. For calculations within a number of scenarios, geomigration modeling of radionuclide transport in the environment was performed using the GeRa code. Exposure doses for population groups were calculated using the Ecorad-Aqua software module. Doses were calculated for each exposure pathway. The study demonstrates that the proposed scenario “Office worker” can be applied to various sites that are planned for placing administrative, industrial, scientific, commercial buildings and structures, scenario “Construction worker” – for sites with construction and excavation activities underway. The parameters of the “Resident” scenario allow for its application for the multiapartment residential development in large cities. In the future, it is practical to develop a typical scenario for an outdoor worker whose activity is to provide care and maintenance of the site. These scenarios can be used as ready-made solutions for calculating radiation doses for the population from residual radioactivity at the nuclear sites under decommissioning and remediated areas. Estimates of annual effective doses for the population are needed for decommissioning and remediation planning and determination of the values of radiation factors in the relevant projects.
Goblen Halıları Kullanan İki Kadın Sanatçının Eserlerinin Göstergebilimsel (Semiyotik) Analizi
Authors: Bahadır Aşkın
Published: June 2023

Göstergebilim, göstergeleri incelemekte olan bilim dalı olarak açıklanmakta ve gösterge dizelerini inceleyen bilim dalı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Dilimize göstergebilim olarak giren bu kavram İngilizce Semiyoloji kavramından gelmektedir. Göstergebilimsel analiz yönteminde, göstergede, gösteren ve gösterilen arasında bir ilişki kurulmakta ve bu durum anlamlama olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Anlamlama süreci, gösterenin göstergesini, gösterilen olarak zihinde biçimlendirilmesini sağlayan süreç olarak açıklanmaktadır. Barthes, göstergebilimsel analiz yönteminde, düz anlam ve yan anlam kuramlarını ortaya koymuştur. Düz anlam ve yan anlam kuramları, anlamlamanın bir parçası olarak şekillenmektedir. Araştırmada, örnekleme alınan ve goblen duvar halıları kullanan iki çağdaş kadın sanatçının eserleri, görünenin ardındaki derin anlamları/yan anlamları ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlayan göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, her iki sanatçının da goblen duvar halılarını kişisel belleklerinden elde ettikleri motivasyon ile sanatsal ürüne dönüştürdüğü tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada, yapılan incelemelerde, her iki sanatçının da biçimsel olarak (gösterge) ortaya koydukları nesnelerin derin anlamında birtakım kurguların bulunduğu tespit edilmiş, göstergebilimsel analiz sayesinde bunları okumanın mümkün olduğu görülmüştür.
Serious Games como entrenamiento de la atención en niños con TDAH
Authors: Monserrat Gallardo Mónica , Gallardo Vergara René
Published: June 2023

Antecedentes: el déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) es uno de los trastornos más prevalentes en la población infantil. En la última década ha surgido un creciente interés en investigar la aplicación de Serious Games en el tratamiento del TDAH. Objetivo: desarrollar y poner a prueba un programa de tratamiento en formato Serious Games para mejorar la atención en niños con TDAH y compararlo con un tratamiento tradicional en formato lápiz y papel. Metodología: se aplicó un análisis de varianza (ANOVA) de dos factores con medidas repetidas en un factor para analizar los resultados obtenidos en las diferentes pruebas aplicadas a una cohorte de 30 niños entre 8 y 10 años con TDAH. A 15 niños se les aplicó el programa de 16 sesiones de entre 30-45 minutos, en formato Serious Games (grupo experimental) y a 15 niños en formato lápiz y papel (grupo control). Para evaluar la mejoría en la atención se evaluaron variables atencionales mediante los tests CSAT-R, de CARAS-R y MFFT-20. Las pruebas se aplicaron al inicio, en la novena sesión y al finalizar el tratamiento. Resultados: ambos grupos mejoran en el índice de sensibilidad del CSAT-R (p<0,001), en atención selectiva evaluada mediante el test de CARAS-R (p<0,001), y en la impulsividad e ineficiencia evaluada mediante el MFFT-20 (ambas p<0,001). Asimismo, el grupo Serious Games (experimental) presenta una mejoría más acentuada en el test de CARAS-R y en el MFFT-20 (tanto para las puntuaciones de impulsividad como de ineficiencia) que el grupo control.
Expectativas hacia el alcohol, dificultades de regulación emocional y consumo de alcohol en adolescentes: modelo explicativo
Authors: Castro-Ochoa Fabián , Moreta-Herrera Rodrigo
Published: June 2023

Objetivos: Identificar la relación de las expectativas hacia el alcohol (EA), las dificultades de regulación emocional (DRE) y el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes, y establecer su predictibilidad. Método: Estudio predictivo de corte transversal. Muestra conformada por 538 adolescentes (61.2% mujeres y 38.8% hombres) de entre 13 a 18 años (M= 16.33; DE= 0.95) de Ecuador. Resultados: La presencia de EA tanto positivas como negativas son moderadas, el 70.3% de los participantes presentan DRE en niveles considerados de riesgo; mientras que el consumo de alcohol es bajo. Se confirma la relación de las EA (positivas y negativas) y las DERS (impulsividad y sin estrategias) con el consumo de alcohol, de ahí que las EA y las DERS son predictores (R2= .326) del consumo de alcohol. Conclusión: Las EA y las DERS explican de manera conjunta y complementaria la práctica del consumo de alcohol en adolescentes; en particular, las creencias y valoraciones de los efectos del alcohol, sean positivos o negativos, más las dificultades en algunos procesos de regulación emocional, como la falta de estrategias específicas de control emocional y la impulsividad, inciden y direccionan las conductas de consumo de alcohol en esta población.
Apoyo familiar como factor protector de embarazo adolescente en Colombia
Authors: Vélez Pulgarín María Alejandra , Restrepo Patiño Natalia Andrea , Quirós Gómez Oscar Iván
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: determinar la relación del apoyo familiar y otros factores sociodemográficos con el estado de embarazo en mujeres adolescentes de 13 a 19 años en Colombia. Material y Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal, con intención analítica a partir de los resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Demografía y Salud 2015. Se utilizaron factores de expansión para describir las características poblacionales. Para determinar la relación estadística del apoyo familiar con el embarazo, ajustado por otros factores sociodemográficos, se realizó una regresión binomial con enlace logarítmico. Resultados: el 86,2% de las adolescentes no se hallaba en embarazo. El apoyo familiar RP: 0,26, tener menos de 15 años RP: 0,34, tener relaciones sexuales con preservativo RP: 0,11, tener información de prácticas sexuales seguras RP: 0,68 y contar con nivel educativo superior RP: 0,51 fueron factores asociados al estado de embarazo. Discusión: es importante implementar y transformar las políticas y estrategias intersectoriales que hagan énfasis en la inclusión de la familia como eje de orientador de adolescentes, además, orientar las temáticas de educación en salud sexual según grupos de edad de acuerdo al nivel de madurez y autonomía que tenga la adolescente.
Assessing the social and economic implications on water security in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape of South Africa
Authors: Adom Richard Kwame , Simatele Mulala Danny , Reid Memory
Published: June 2023

Access to water is a universal human right for every individual and a key instrument in meeting the United Nations’ sustainable development goal SDG 6, namely, to ensure safe drinking water and sanitation for all by 2030. Water is also intrinsically linked to any society or country's social, economic and political development. Nevertheless, many communities and households, predominantly rural and underprivileged in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality, continue to experience persistent water shortages. This means entrenched poverty, ill health, hunger, stress, and social and economic challenges for the population. Using data collection tools inspired by traditional methods of qualitative and quantitative approaches, this paper scrutinised the social and economic factors contributing to severe inequality in water access in the municipality. Our findings established that water shortage is portrayed as a stand-alone issue without linking it to social and economic challenges. Furthermore, both government and municipalities fail to contextualise a multidimensional problem-solving approach to the water provision challenges in the municipality. This paper, therefore, recommends a multidimensional approach to tackling the problem of accessibility, taking into consideration the social and economic needs of the population.
Rola biskupa diecezjalnego w procesie skróconym o nieważność małżeństwa
Authors: Adamczyk Jerzy
Published: June 2023

Celem artykułu jest nakreślenie roli biskupa diecezjalnego w procesie skró- conym o nieważność małżeństwa. Biskup jest tu jedynym sędzią i nie może tej władzy nikomu delegować. W pierwszej części artykułu ukazano przesłanki dla zastosowania procesu skróconego. W części drugiej przedstawiono elementy formalne konieczne dla wszczęcia procesu skróconego, natomiast część trzecia została poświęcona problematyce biskupa diecezjalnego jako jedynego sędziego w processus brevior.
Exploring the effects of repetitive corrugation and strengthening on alloy A5083 using X-ray diffraction techniques
Authors: De la Trinidad C.A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Aluminum alloys are highly versatile materials and their behavior can be improved by severe plastic deformation. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) is a key tool for studying the microstructural changes and the evolution of the crystalline structure during this process. This combination of processing techniques helped the development of high-performance aluminum alloys for various industrial applications. The objective was to determine a heat treatment to promote a new crystallographic texture of AA5083 under a severe plastic deformation process. The determination of this thermal ratio, as well as the crystallographic characterization of the material, were studied through XRD, thermo-diffraction, Rietveld analysis, and pole figures (PF). The results showed that using a partial recrystallization heat treatment combined with the RCS process favors obtaining a characteristic recrystallization and deformation texture (cube and brass component). Furthermore, the evolution of diffraction peaks intensities at different temperatures confirm that recrystallization takes place during the process. Finally, the phases present in the A5083 alloy were determined by XRD.
Effect of friction stir forming parameters on mechanical properties and plastic flow of material in the mechanical interlocking of optical fiber and SP-700 superplastic titanium alloy
Authors: MOFIDI TABATABAEI H.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The present study discusses the fluidity of titanium alloy during friction stir forming (FSF) and investigates the effect of process parameters on the mechanical properties of titanium alloy in the mechanical interlocking of optical fiber and SP-700 superplastic titanium alloy. In this study, a guide slit is provided in a titanium alloy plate, an optical fiber is placed inside the slit, and FSF is performed on the surface of the titanium alloy. By performing FSF, titanium softens and material plastically deforms inside the slit, which results in mechanically joining optical fiber and titanium alloy. Experimental results of evaluating the mechanical properties after FSF revealed that the hardness value of the material that flowed into the slit was significantly higher than that of the base material, which confirms that the stirring zone has flowed into the slit around the fiber. It was also confirmed that the temperature becomes unstable during the process for a travel speed of 50 mm/min or less, also above 800 mm/min. This resulted in insufficient material flow. As a result, inhomogeneous structures were confirmed. Tensile test results after FSF showed that the strength was lower than that of the base metal (67% to 55% of the base metal) for most process parameters. Although no significant changes in strength were observed by changing the travel speed, it was confirmed that the strength has an increasing tendency as the rotation speed increases, which is considered to be related to the grain refinement of the material. It was also concluded that the limitations in the present study such as insufficient material flow and reduced strength and also damage to the embedded optical fiber can be improved by pre-heating the workpiece and controlling the FSF process parameters which require further experiments and temperature measurements during FSF. In this study, the developed composite can give us hope for embedding FBG sensors inside high melting point alloys to simultaneously measure deformation, strain, pressure, and temperature and create new functional smart materials.
Effects of deformation conditions on the superplastic deformation behavior of LZ91 Mg-Li alloy under electric field
Authors: Meng B.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The electro-superplastic effect (ESP effect) can enhance the superplastic deformation ability of alloy, and can also make alloy with poor plasticity have superplastic properties. Diverse grain sizes of LZ91 Mg-Li alloy were successfully prepared through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) process. In order to explore the superplastic deformation behavior of LZ91 Mg-Li alloy under the electric current, an electric field assisted superplastic uniaxial tensile test platform was designed and fabricated. A decreasing constant voltage electrification scheme was proposed, and the experiments under different current densities, initial strain rates and grain sizes were carried out. The results indicate that the true strain-stress curve of LZ91 Mg-Li alloy gradually comes to steady with the increase of current density, presenting a steady-state rheological characteristic. The initial strain rate has a significant effect on the superplastic deformation behavior of LZ91 Mg-Li alloy under high voltage condition. For the fine-grained LZ91 Mg-Li alloy, the electric field can effectively reduce the superplastic deformation temperature and considerably enhance the elongation. This paper enriches the understanding of the superplastic deformation behavior of LZ91 Mg-Li alloy under the action of electric field.
Low-temperature superplasticity of Si-added medium-Mn steel
Authors: Jeong H-.B.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Grain boundary sliding, a deformation mechanism of superplasticity, occurs only at high temperatures, making it difficult for superplastic steels to be practically applied due to high energy consumption and surface oxidation. Therefore, in the present study, we introduce a newly developed Si-added medium-Mn steel, which can be superplastically deformed at such a low temperature of 763 K. The low-temperature superplasticity of this steel was caused by grain boundary sliding between recrystallized α grains and dynamically reverted γ grains. The steel also exhibited high room-temperature tensile strength (1336 MPa) after the superplastic forming simulation.
Effect of Co addition on the microstructure evolution and superplastic behavior of Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V-0.1B alloy
Authors: Kotov A.D.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Temperature reduction of superplastic forming of titanium alloys is currently a significant issue. The present study focused on the effect of modifying the Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V-0.1B alloy with 0.5-2 wt% Co additions on the superplastic behavior and microstructure evolution. The results demonstrated that Co alloying promoted the formation of recrystallized and globular microstructure before the beginning of superplastic deformation due to the acceleration of diffusivity by Co in comparison with the Co-free alloy. The diffusivity acceleration also led to dynamic grain growth during superplastic deformation but promoted a stable superplastic flow of alloys with 0.5-2% Co at temperatures of 700-750 °C. This enhanced the strain rate sensitivity coefficient m from 0.35-0.4 to 0.5-0.65 and the elongation to failure from 200-350% to 500-1000% compared to the Co-free alloy. The 2 wt% Co alloying provided excellent low-temperature superplasticity in the temperature range of 625-775 °C with a coefficient m of 0.5-0.65 and elongation to failure of 800-1000% at a constant strain rate of 1 × 10-3 s-1.
In-situ heating observations on microstructure relaxation of ultrafine-grained high-entropy alloys using neutron diffraction and laser-scanning confocal microscopy
Authors: Figueiredo R.B.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The thermal stability of ultrafine-grained metals can be fully understood when observing time-resolved microstructural changes over multiple-length scales. The global microstructural relaxation behavior upon heating of an ultrafine-grained (UFG) CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) was characterized by in-situ heating neutron diffraction measurements. Before heating, the nanocrystalline microstructure was introduced by applying high-pressure torsion (HPT), leading to severe lattice distortion by excess dislocations and defects. The sequential information on the structural relaxation of recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth are identified by in-situ heating neutron diffraction analysis defining the texture development, linear thermal lattice expansion, and stress relaxation behaviors of the UFG HEA with increasing temperature up to 1300K. By contrast, nanocrystalline metals processed by HPT are often inhomogeneous microstructurally and compositionally. The influence of such inhomogeneity on the macro-scale microstructural relaxation is monitored using an HPT-processed CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy through in-situ heating laser-scanning confocal microscopy. This study emphasizes the importance of characterization techniques for further in-depth exploration of the SPD-processed ultrafine-grained structure.
Comparative studies of hyperbolic sine constitutive models for constant pressure superplastic tests
Authors: García-Barrachina L.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The constant pressure free-inflation test is a very versatile and simple tool for analyzing different features of superplastic forming. In recent years, different methods have been proposed to measure constitutive parameters of the stress–strain relationship for the superplastic material, specifically the K and m parameters of the power law model. However, this law is restricted to be used in narrow strain-rate ranges, and poor results are obtained when applied in a broader spectrum. To overcome this problem, numerous constitutive models covering the full strain-rate range applicable in superplastic forming have been proposed historically, including the hyperbolic sine equation. However, there is no clear consensus on the type of hyperbolic sine function to use. Some authors include a sensitivity parameter while others do not. This article aims to study the characteristics of the hyperbolic sine constitutive model, checking which of the historically proposed models achieves better results in the test at free deformation and constant pressure.
Improved stochastic dissimilar diffusion bonding model with experimental validation
Authors: Ferguson B.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Diffusion bonding is a solid-state welding operation that has seen wide spread use in the aerospace industry, especially in combination with superplastic forming. It combines two relatively flat, clean surfaces at high temperature to create a near flawless weld over a large surface area. Modelling of diffusion bonding has been challenging due in part because of the larger variations in voids formed from the mating surfaces. This paper attempts to compensate for that inadequacy by implementing a stochastic diffusion bonding model based with theoretical voids formed from interacting surfaces. The model uses a statistical version of Pilling’s model in combination with surface roughness based initial conditions that estimates the possibilities of voids formed. The results of the model are compared with experimental results for three different alloys at a variety of process conditions along with presenting an investigation of the mechanics of the model for future improvements.
Development of asymmetric cold rolling technology of high-strength steel grades in order to exclude intermediate annealing operations
Authors: PESIN A.M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The technological process of manufacturing cold-rolled strip with a thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm from high-strength steel grades on cold rolling mills can consist of 2 or even 3 operating cycles "cold rolling - intermediate annealing". This is due to a significant hardening of such steels during cold rolling and, as a result, limitations on the maximum allowable rolling forces. Each additional operating cycle "cold rolling - intermediate annealing" significantly increases production costs and reduces the productivity of the technological process. One of the promising ways to reduce the rolling force is the asymmetric rolling. Rolling at different circumferential speeds of work rolls driven by two independent motors is the most suitable way to implement asymmetric rolling technology in industry. The paper presents data on the operation of the main electric drives of a five-stand industrial mill during symmetric and asymmetric cold rolling. Speed ratio of the work rolls was varied in the range from 1.0 to 1.5. Electrical and power parameters were calculated, measured and compared. Based on numerical simulation, laboratory and industry experiments it was shown that the asymmetric cold rolling makes it possible to reduce the rolling forces, increase the thickness reduction per pass and, as a result, obtain a thinner strip without the use of intermediate annealing.
Superplasticity of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloys with different initial microstructures processed by high-pressure torsion
Authors: González Jiménez K.G.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy was quenched below and above the β-phase field and processed by high-pressure torsion (HPT) to produce different grain sizes in the ultra-fine range. The influence of temperature and strain rate over the superplastic properties, activation energy and strain rate sensitivity were evaluated by high temperature tensile tests. The mechanical properties were complemented with Vickers microhardness measurement of heat treated and HPT-processed samples. The crystallographic analysis was performed through XRD and EBSD studies in the grip and tip of the high temperature tensile specimens. Microhardness measurements show significant hardening with respect to the imposed strain after HPT. Meanwhile, high superplastic elongation of 1200% was accomplished at 850 °C with a strain rate of 2x10-3 s-1. EBSD studies of the failed specimens suggest that the tip part exhibited dynamic recrystallization during tensile test, which produced a larger grain size of ~5.1 µm and higher fraction of β phase of 3.7%, with respect to the grip part under static recrystallization, which attained ~3.4 µm grain size and 3.3% β phase fraction.
Concomitant voorkomen van heupdysplasie en een ruptuur van de craniale kruisband bij de hond
Authors: Hirth J. , Bogaerts E. , Brondeel C. , Samoy Y.
Published: June 2023

Een ruptuur van de craniale kruisband en heupdysplasie (HD) zijn de meest voorkomende aandoeningen van de achterhand bij de hond en toch is er in de literatuur weinig te vinden over het gecombineerde optreden van beide aandoeningen. Het doel van deze studie was om meer informatie te verkrijgen over de invloed van HD op het al dan niet ontwikkelen van een ruptuur van de craniale kruisband. Tussen 2016 en 2020 werden op de dienst Orthopedie van de Faculteit Diergeneeskunde (UGent) te Merelbeke 465 honden aangeboden met een ruptuur van de craniale kruisband (12,36%). Hiervan vertoonde 17% concomitante HD. Bij de honden met HD trad de ruptuur van de craniale kruisband in de eerste knie gemiddeld op jongere leeftijd op dan bij honden met gezonde heupen. Daarnaast ontwikkelde zich vaker een bilaterale ruptuur van de craniale kruisband bij de honden met HD en liepen ze bij unilaterale heupklachten een groter risico op de ontwikkeling van een ruptuur aan de contralaterale knie. De resultaten benadrukken het belang om honden met HD mankvrij te houden, om zo een overbelasting van de knieën te voorkomen.
Tien gevallen van carpale valgusdeviatie in een populatie damherten in de vrije wildbaan
Authors: Simoens P. , Baetslé R. , De Bruyker H. , Meulebrouck K. , Vansteenbrugge H.
Published: June 2023

In een populatie damherten die in Oost-Vlaanderen in de vrije wildbaan leeft en sinds vier jaar opgevolgd wordt, werden valgusdeformaties van de voorbenen aangetroffen bij tien mannelijke herten. De geschatte leeftijd van de betrokken dieren varieerde van minder dan een jaar tot meer dan drie jaar oud. In zeven van de tien gevallen waren laterale deviaties aanwezig op beide voorbenen. Omdat erfelijke factoren aan de basis kunnen liggen van deze afwijkingen, betekent hun voorkomen een mogelijke bedreiging voor een gezonde verdere ontwikkeling van de populatie. Daarom worden deze gevallen hier gerapporteerd en wordt in de discussie ingegaan op hun mogelijke impact op het dierenwelzijn en op beheersmaatregelen die aanbevolen worden om eventuele uitbreiding van die problematiek te voorkomen.
Vraag & Antwoord
Authors: Maes D. , Opsomer G. , Houf K.
Published: June 2023

Gebruik van elektrische prikkelaar bij volwassen runderen en varkens
Оптимизация вертикального аксептанса магнитного зеркала
Authors: Саченко В.Д. , Антонов А.С.
Published: June 2023

The mirror type magnetic mass-analyzer axial aberration, caused by ions travelling through the mirror outside the median plane is estimated. A technique for the mass-analyzer acceptance optimization is given.
Оже-электронная спектроскопия поверхности MAX-пленок (Cr-=SUB=-0.5-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-0.5-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-GaC, окисленной в результате хранения на воздухе
Authors: Андрющенко Т.А. , Лященко С.А. , Лукьяненко А.В. , Варнаков С.Н. , Овчинников С.Г.
Published: June 2023

We have analyzed chemical bonding of atmospheric oxygen with chromium and manganese on the epitaxial MAX-phase (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC surface using Auger electron spectroscopy combined with ion etching. It was found that the system has a specific anisotropic oxidation where oxygen atoms bind to chromium and manganese ones more actively at the edges of layered MAX phase crystallites in contrast to the (0001) basal plane. At the same time, the dominance of the Mn-O chemical bonding over Cr-O is observed on the latter.
Impacto de la inclusión financiera en el crecimiento económico en México por Entidad Federativa 2013-2021
Authors: Góngora Jiménez Sergio Rodolfo , Banda Ortíz Humberto , Vivanco Vargas Martín
Published: June 2023

El objetivo de la investigación es relacionar el crecimiento económico y la inclusión financiera en México. La metodología empleada es datos de panel de efectos fijos, incorporando el análisis de temporalidad y espacialidad, se utilizó el Índice Trimestral de Actividad Económica Estatal (ITAEE) como variable dependiente y la relaciona con el incremento de la infraestructura tecnológica disponible como variables independientes. El resultado muestra que el aumento de la inclusión financiera se encuentra significativamente relacionada con el incremento de los puntos de acceso tecnológicos, por lo que se recomienda impulsar su crecimiento. La limitación del estudio es que se enfocado a analizar e impacto en los canales tecnológicos digitales y no considera los canales tradicionales. La originalidad es que se valida mediante un modelo econométrico la aseveración teórica de que las tecnologías digitales representan la mejor manera de aumentar la inclusión financiera y el crecimiento económico. En las conclusiones, se observa que los dispositivos digitales se han establecido como un factor significativamente relevante en el crecimiento de la inclusión financiera y el crecimiento económico.
İÇİ BETON DOLU DAİRESEL KESİTLİ ÇELİK BORULARIN EKSENEL YÜK KAPASİTELERİNİN YAPAY SİNİR AĞLARI VE RASSAL ORMAN YÖNTEMLERİ İLE TAHMİNİ
Authors: COSGUN Cumhur
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmada, makine öğrenme teknikleri kullanılarak içi beton dolu dairesel kesitli çelik boruların (BDÇK) basınç altındaki nihai eksenel yük kapasiteleri tahmin edilmiştir. BDÇK kolonlar hem eksenel yükler, hem de yatay yükler altındaki performanslarından dolayı yapılarda çok tercih edilmektedirler. Bunun başlıca nedeni betonun ve çeliğin süneklilik ve rijitlik özelliklerinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Özellikle deprem etkisi altındaki yapısal elemanların davranışı yapının toptan davranışını etkilemektedir. Yapısal elemanların yük taşıma kapasitesinin makine öğrenme yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi araştırmacılar arasında oldukça popüler hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışma ile eksenel yük etkisi altındaki BDÇK kolonların eksenel yük kapasitesi yapay sinir ağları (YSA) ve rassal orman (RO) makine öğrenme yöntemleri kullanılarak tahmin edilmeye çalışılmış ve literatürdeki deney sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Kapasite tahmini için literatürdeki 215 deney sonucu kullanılarak makine öğrenme yöntemleri arasında kıyaslama yapılmış, karşılaştırma sonucunda RO yönteminin daha iyi sonuç verdiği görülmüştür.
DAVRAZ DAĞI (ISPARTA) VE ÇEVRESİNDE KARBONAT AKİFERDE BULUNAN YER ALTI SUYUNUN HİDROJEOKİMYASAL GELİŞİMİ
Authors: DEMER Selma
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmada Davraz Dağı (Isparta) karbonat akiferindeki yeraltısuyunun hidrojeokimyasal evrimini belirlemek amacıyla, bölgenin tektonik ve jeolojik özelliklerine bağlı olarak suların hidrojeokimyasal kavramsal modeli tanımlanmıştır. İnceleme alanından toplam 21 adet temsili yeraltısuyu örneği alınmış ve suların üç farklı fasiyeste olduğu belirlenmiştir: (a) Ca-HCO3, (b) Ca-Mg-HCO3 ve (c) Ca-Mg-HCO3-SO4. Ölçülen kısmen yüksek SO42- ve NO3- konsantrasyonları evsel ve tarımsal faaliyetlerle ilişkilidir. İnceleme alanında yeraltısuyu kimyasını denetleyen temel faktör su-kayaç etkileşimidir ve kalsit ve dolomit çözünmesi baskın jeokimyasal süreçlerdir. Çalışma alanındaki yeraltısuyu örneklerinin pCO2 değerlerinin, atmosferik pCO2’den daha yüksek olması karbonat çözünmesini hızlandırmış, su-kaya etkileşimi ile akiferdeki başlıca mineral fazları olan kalsit ve dolomit çözünerek suların Ca ve Mg konsantrasyonlarını artırmıştır. Suların SIkalsit ve SIdolomit değerlerinin pozitif olması bu minerallerin akifer ortamda yeraltısuyunun hidrokimyasal bileşimini kontrol ettiğini göstermektedir. Karbonat sistemi için mineral stabilite diyagramı çalışma alanındaki suların, Mg-kalsit ile dengede olduğunu ve bu mineralin derin rezervuarlardaki ana karbonat minerali olduğunu göstermektedir. Hidrojeokimyasal kavramsal modele göre karbonat kayaçlar üzerine düşen yağış suları, atmosferden bir miktar karbondioksiti alarak karbonik asit oluşturmuştur. Bu su yeraltına süzülürken, içinde dolaşım yaptığı karbonat kayaçlarda bulunan Ca2+, Mg2+ ve HCO3-’ü çözerek Ca-HCO3 ve Ca-Mg-HCO3 karakterinde suların oluşmasını sağlamıştır.
Ofertas tecnológicas para el manejo de trips y antracnosis en mango (Mangifera indica L.).
Authors: Sierra Baquero Paola Vanessa , Varón Devia Edgar Herney , Rodríguez Polanco Leonora , Parra Alferes Edinson Bayardo , Rojas Zambrano Emerson Duván , Martínez Lemus Erika Patricia , Hio Juan Clímaco
Published: June 2023

El mango es producido en trece departamentos de Colombia. Cundinamarca, Tolima y Magdalena representan el 68 % del total de área sembrada, lo que los constituye en los principales departamentos productores de mango en el país. El mango colombiano es altamente valorado en los mercados internacionales por su sabor, frescura y calidad. Los productores de mango en Colombia vienen trabajando en mejorar la calidad sanitaria de la fruta para el mercado exportador. La antracnosis y los trips son problemas sanitarios limitantes que comprometen directamente la producción y calidad de la fruta. Esta cartilla presenta los resultados de investigación desarrollada por AGROSAVIA a través de la generación de ofertas tecnológicas que permiten identificar estas problemáticas y realizar un manejo integrado de las mismas, basado en el conocimiento de la biología del agente causal, épocas de susceptibilidad del árbol y específicamente de la fruta. La aplicación de estas ofertas tecnológicas por los productores y técnicos permite incrementar la productividad, calidad e inocuidad del mango producido en el país.
A Web-Based Sexual Health Intervention to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections in Hong Kong: Model-Based Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Zhang Wen , Wong Carlos K H , Xin Yiqiao , Fong Daniel Y T , Wong Janet Y H
Published: June 2023

Background

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a significant public health concern, particularly among young adults, and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections are the most common STIs in young women. One of the most effective ways to prevent STIs is the consistent use of condoms during sexual intercourse. There has been no economic evaluation of the interactive web-based sexual health program, Smart Girlfriend, within the Chinese population.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of Smart Girlfriend in preventing STIs in the Chinese population. The evaluation compared the program with a control intervention that used a 1-page information sheet on condom use.

Methods

A decision-analytic model that included a decision tree followed by a Markov structure of CT infections was developed since CT is the most prevalent STI among young women. The model represents the long-term experience of individuals who received either the intervention or the control. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted. The main outcomes were the number of CT infections and the incremental cost as per quality-adjusted life year (QALY).

Results

A cohort of 10,000 sexually active nonpregnant young women initially entered the model in a noninfectious state (ie, “well”). In the base-case analysis, the implementation of the Smart Girlfriend program resulted in the prevention of 0.45% of CT infections, 0.3% of pelvic inflammatory disease, and 0.04% of chronic pelvic pain, leading to a gain of 70 discounted QALYs and cost savings over a 4-year time horizon, compared to the control group. With more than 4548 users, the intervention would be cost-effective, and with more than 8315 users, the intervention would be cost saving. A 99% probability of being cost-effective was detected with a willingness to pay US $17,409 per QALY.

Conclusions

Smart Girlfriend is a cost-effective and possibly cost-saving program over a 4-year time horizon. This result was particularly sensitive to the number of website users; launching the website would be cost-effective if more than 4548 people used it. Further work is warranted to explore if the findings could be expanded to apply to women who have sex with women and in the context of other STIs.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrial.gov NCT03695679; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03695679
Sustainable Development for Mobile Health Apps Using the Human-Centered Design Process
Authors: An Qingfan , Kelley Marjorie M , Hanners Audra , Yen Po-Yin
Published: June 2023

Well-documented scientific evidence indicates that mobile health (mHealth) apps can improve the quality of life, relieve symptoms, and restore health for patients. In addition to improving patients’ health outcomes, mHealth apps reduce health care use and the cost burdens associated with disease management. Currently, patients and health care providers have a wide variety of choices among commercially available mHealth apps. However, due to the high resource costs and low user adoption of mHealth apps, the cost-benefit relationship remains controversial. When compared to traditional expert-driven approaches, applying human-centered design (HCD) may result in more useable, acceptable, and effective mHealth apps. In this paper, we summarize current HCD practices in mHealth development studies and make recommendations to improve the sustainability of mHealth. These recommendations include consideration of factors regarding culture norms, iterative evaluations on HCD practice, use of novelty in mHealth app, and consideration of privacy and reliability across the entire HCD process. Additionally, we suggest a sociotechnical lens toward HCD practices to promote the sustainability of mHealth apps. Future research should consider standardizing the HCD practice to help mHealth researchers and developers avoid barriers associated with inadequate HCD practices.
Data Quality– and Utility-Compliant Anonymization of Common Data Model–Harmonized Electronic Health Record Data: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Kamdje Wabo Gaetan , Prasser Fabian , Gierend Kerstin , Siegel Fabian , Ganslandt Thomas
Published: June 2023

Background

The anonymization of Common Data Model (CDM)–converted EHR data is essential to ensure the data privacy in the use of harmonized health care data. However, applying data anonymization techniques can significantly affect many properties of the resulting data sets and thus biases research results. Few studies have reviewed these applications with a reflection of approaches to manage data utility and quality concerns in the context of CDM-formatted health care data.

Objective

Our intended scoping review aims to identify and describe (1) how formal anonymization methods are carried out with CDM-converted health care data, (2) how data quality and utility concerns are considered, and (3) how the various CDMs differ in terms of their suitability for recording anonymized data.

Methods

The planned scoping review is based on the framework of Arksey and O'Malley. By using this, only articles published in English will be included. The retrieval of literature items should be based on a literature search string combining keywords related to data anonymization, CDM standards, and data quality assessment. The proposed literature search query should be validated by a librarian, accompanied by manual searches to include further informal sources. Eligible articles will first undergo a deduplication step, followed by the screening of titles. Second, a full-text reading will allow the 2 reviewers involved to reach the final decision about article selection, while a domain expert will support the resolution of citation selection conflicts. Additionally, key information will be extracted, categorized, summarized, and analyzed by using a proposed template into an iterative process. Tabular and graphical analyses should be addressed in alignment with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist. We also performed some tentative searches on Web of Science for estimating the feasibility of reaching eligible articles.

Results

Tentative searches on Web of Science resulted in 507 nonduplicated matches, suggesting the availability of (potential) relevant articles. Further analysis and selection steps will allow us to derive a final literature set. Furthermore, the completion of this scoping review study is expected by the end of the fourth quarter of 2023.

Conclusions

Outlining the approaches of applying formal anonymization methods on CDM-formatted health care data while taking into account data quality and utility concerns should provide useful insights to understand the existing approaches and future research direction based on identified gaps. This protocol describes a schedule to perform a scoping review, which should support the conduction of follow-up investigations.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/46471
Perceived Barriers and Facilitators in Using Patient-Reported Outcome Systems for Cancer Care: Systematic Mapping Study (Preprint)
Authors: Laitio Anna-Mari , Giunti Guido , Halonen Raija
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Cancer is a major global health problem. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) systems have been developed to support the treatment of patients with cancer. Although clear evidence of the benefits of the routine use of electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) exists, engaging physicians in using these systems has been challenging.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify and analyze what is currently known about health care professionals’ (HCPs) perceived barriers and facilitators that exist and influence the use of ePRO systems for cancer care.

METHODS

We carried out a systematic mapping study by conducting searches of 3 databases (Association for Computing Machinery, PubMed, and Scopus). Eligible papers were published between 2010 and 2021, and they described HCPs’ perspectives on using ePROs. The data on the included papers were extracted, a thematic meta-synthesis was performed, and 7 themes were summarized into 3 categories.

RESULTS

A total of 17 papers were included in the study. The HCPs’ perceived barriers and facilitators of using ePROs can be summarized into 7 themes: clinical workflow, organization and infrastructure, value to patients, value to HCPs, digital health literacy, usability, and data visualization and perceived features. These themes can be further summarized into 3 categories: work environment, value to users, and suggested features. According to the study, ePROs should be interoperable with hospital electronic health records and adapted to the hospital workflow. HCPs should get appropriate support for their use. Additional features are needed for ePROs, and special attention should be paid to data visualization. Patients should have the option to use web-based ePROs at home and complete it at the time most valuable to the treatment. Patients’ ePRO notes need attention during clinical visits, but ePRO use should not limit patient-clinician face-to-face communication.

CONCLUSIONS

The study revealed that several aspects need improvement in ePROs and their operating environments. By improving these aspects, HCPs’ experience with ePROs will enhance, and thus, there will be more facilitating factors for HCPs to use ePROs than those available today. More national and international knowledge about using ePROs is still needed to cover the need for information to develop them and their operating environments to meet the needs of HCPs.

CLINICALTRIAL
Identifying Gaps in the Effectiveness of Patient Educational Materials for Teledermatology Photo Submission (Preprint)
Authors: Doan Leandra , Abdulla Farah
Published: June 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

There is a paucity of patient-facing educational materials regarding photo submission for teledermatology, and current materials exceed the recommended 6th grade reading level and lack visual examples in the form of photos or videos.