bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contributions of Organizational Culture to University Internationalization
Authors: Ahwireng Doreen , Pillay Yegan
Published: July 2021

Responding to an increasingly globalized world, universities are training students to function in a multicultural environment through internationalization. Institutional culture can influence policies and practices for internationalization. Research in internationalization indicate that majority of the studies on the contributions of organizational cultures to internationalization across universities focused on the perspectives of faculty and university senior level administrative personnel and neglected the views of students. This qualitative case study explored students’ understanding of how organizational culture contributes to promote internationalization using international events that occur at two U.S universities. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. Purposeful and snowball sampling were employed to select domestic and international undergraduate and graduate students for the study. Findings indicate that integration into university family, community relationship, buffering, communication, symbols, and shared values and beliefs cultures are critical to promote higher education internationalization.
Impacts and Possible Responses Related to COVID-19 in the Textile and Apparel Industry of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahaman Tareque , Islam Tarekul
Published: July 2021

This research work was intended to analyze the unleashed issues related to apparel trade during COVID-19 pandemic & made an attempt to find the best possible responses to uphold marketing campaigns during & after the pandemic situation. Apparel industries in Asia, the largest global hub of both the textile & apparel import-export trade have been severally damaged by the COVID-19. Over the last one year, the global community had already realized the fact that how pandemic situation disrupted the supply chain management of textile, apparel & fashion manufacturing industries throughout the world. Bangladesh, one of the top ranked garments exporter countries have been facing the burning bridges, due to the scarcity of raw materials & gradual cancellation export orders. The contribution of the apparel industry is more significant for the socioeconomic growth of a 3rd world countries like Bangladesh, just because apparel contributes almost 84% of its total export income with the involvement of 4.5 million people approximately. The following research paper conveys a three-fold story. In the very beginning portion, there are some reviews & analysis of the overall scenarios of the COVID-19 pandemic with presence of several business reports, academic journals, market research, manufacture's opinions & stakeholders' strategies. The second phase of the research work forecasts the possible responses need to be projected during & after the pandemic situation. Finally, this study predicts an ideal footprint to cope up with similar sort of situations in the future.
Graph Theory and Matrix Approach (GTMA) Model for the Selection of the Femoral-Component of Total Knee Joint Replacement
Authors: Gul Amber , Mehmood Malik Naqash , Mehmood Malik Sajjad
Published: July 2021

Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is the increasing trend now a day, in revision surgery which is associated with aseptic loosening, which is a challenging research for the TKR component. The selection of optimal material loosening can be controlled at some limits. This paper is going to consider the best material selected among a number of alternative materials for the femoral component (FC) by using Graph Theory. Here GTMA process used for optimization of material and a systematic technique introduced through sensitivity analysis to find out the more reliable result. Obtained ranking suggests the use of optimized material over the other existing material. By following GTMA Co_Cr-alloys (wrought-Co-Ni-CrMo) and Co_Cr-alloys (cast-able-Co-Cr-Mo)are on the 1st and 2nd position respectively.
Features of the psychoemotional state of doctors providing medical care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Litvinova A. A. , Kravtsiva A. V. , Asmolovsky A. V. , Shamatkova S. V.
Published: July 2021

Due to the difficult working conditions, the lack of effective treatment methods, and the high mortality rate, the work of doctors with a new coronavirus infection significantly affects their mental and emotional state.

Objective. To study the features of the psychoemotional state of doctors, providing medical care in the context of a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection in Smolensk.

Material and methods. A questionnaire was developed to study the psychoemotional state of health professionals. 110 doctors working with COVID-19 patients were interviewed at the bases of the Smolensk Regional Emergency Hospital, the Clinical Emergency Hospital, and the Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Smolensk. The results of the responses were statistically analyzed and revised.

Results. There was an increased level of anxiety (average score 8.427) and depression (average score 7.518). 26.4% of the respondents were found to have a gross sleep disorder. 76.4% of doctors indicated a deterioration in their condition since starting work with COVID-19 patients. For the majority of medical professionals, the main factors that help to maintain normal psychoemotional state are the support of relatives and colleagues (93.6%) and the provision of PPE (74.5%).

Conclusions. According to the results of the study, increased anxiety, depression and deterioration of the general condition of doctors working in «red zones» were found. An extremely low organization and availability of psychological support for doctors struggling with a new coronavirus infection was revealed.
The course of primary open angle glaucoma in a patient with subcompensated non-insulin dependent diabetes type 2
Authors: Gaponko O. V. , Kuroyedov A. V. , Solnov N. M. , Gorodnichy V. V. , Diordiychuk S. V. , Kondrakova I. V. , Fomin N. E.
Published: July 2021

Оphthalmic manifestations of diabetes mellitus include changes in the circulation of aqueous humor, increase or decrease in the level of intraocular tension, abnormal permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier, and anomalies of the retinal vessels. A balanced approach to the choice of treatment tactics is a basis for treatment of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma. The criterion for the effectiveness of glaucoma surgery is sustained normalization of intraocular tension and preservation of visual functions. Surgical treatment of glaucoma in patients with severe somatic pathology is accompanied by a high risk of postoperative complications: hyphema, ciliochoroidal detachment, hemophthalmos, repeated increase in intraocular tension, etc. Diabetes mellitus as a systemic disease causes widespread vascular autonomic and endothelial dysfunction. The reasons for the decrease in the hypotensive effect of glaucoma surgery in such patients is excessive cicatrization of the newly created fluid outflow tracts with the formation of adhesions between the conjunctiva and the sclera, the scleral flap and underlying tissues. It leads to a repeated increase in intraocular tension in the late postoperative period. Therefore, the choice of tactics for the management and treatment of patients with glaucoma and with severe comorbidity requires an individual and measured approach.
To the discussion of medical errors
Authors: Makhambetschin M. M.
Published: July 2021

.
Y-en-Roux reconstruction in abdominal surgery: historical retrospective of operative method’s evolution. Part I
Authors: Evseev M. A. , Fomin V. S. , Klishin I. M. , Evseev A. M.
Published: July 2021

Target of this historical review is focused on analysis of highly relevant, unique method proposed by A. Wölfler, E. Doyen and C. Roux more than 140 years ago, also we try to present main facts and chronology of development of concept Y-reconstruction of digestive tube. Hereby we present historical retrospective of theoretic concept creation, experimental verification and initial clinical experience of Y-shaped reconstruction of digestive tube on Roux-en-Y-loop, stages of concept evolution and development till the end of XIX age till our days. The founders’ scientific research onducted in surgical gastroenterology, oncology, pancreatology and hepatobiliary surgery, has expanded application of Roux-en-Y-reconstruction from distal resection of the stomach and gastroenterostomy to gastrectomy, repeated operations on the upper part of the digestive tube, the formation of biliary-digestive and pancreatic anastomoses, as well as the use in the routine practice of bariatric surgery.
El patrimonio cultural podría estar en peligro y los responsables son la memoria, la salvaguardia, la comunidad y el paisaje cultural (además del turismo, claro)
Authors: Castillo Ruiz José
Published: July 2021

En la actualidad existen una serie de tendencias en relación al patrimonio cultural que, si bien, de forma mayoritaria están siendo observadas como positivos y necesarios avances en la caracterización o actuación sobre el mismo, para nosotros encierran verdaderos peligros, que pueden acabar afectando muy seriamente a los fundamentos de la tutela del patrimonio cultural si su reconocimiento, tal y como parece se está desarrollando en la actualidad, no se hace acorde con dichos fundamentos. Aunque son muchas esas tendencias, y muy fragmentadas, nosotros nos vamos a centrar en las que han conseguido un mayor grado de asimilación y aceptación como son las del paisaje cultural, la salvaguardia del patrimonio cultural inmaterial, el concepto de comunidad o la memoria, sobre las que ofrecemos una mirada bastante diferente, quizás a contracorriente, de la ofrecida de forma general por la historiografía patrimonialista. Con ello pretendemos llamar la atención sobre lo que realmente es el objetivo final de este artículo: manifestar nuestra absoluta preocupación por el progresivo desmantelamiento que está experimentando nuestro sistema de tutela, para lo cual estas tendencias están ejerciendo el triste (aunque en la mayoría de los casos no sea intencionadamente) papel de coartadas para deslegitimar e invalidar dicho sistema.
The Lifestyle and Halal Industry Methods with Local Culture: Study of Tourism and Halal Products in Nusa Tenggara Timur 2020
Authors: Bahiej Ahmad , Munajat Makhrus , Maulana Diky Faqih
Published: July 2021

The development of the tourism industry based on sharia principles has begun to attract the attention of Muslim tourists in various regions, so it needs to manage seriously and professionally. For example, in Labuan Bajo, Nusa Tenggara Timur is designated one of the four priority tourist destinations. So it is necessary to pay attention to the phenomenon that continues to develop at this time both at the local and global level, which makes halal tourism destinations a new alternative for the Muslim community to travel. This research is qualitative research with field studies and uses a legal and juridical sociology approach. By referring to several methods for conducting ijtihad, both individually and collectively, as is done by DSN-MUI with the concept of maslahah mursalah, istihsan or 'urf. The results of the study state that halal tourism is a development that cannot deny. This new concept has a benchmark as stated by the DSN-MUI with the principle of the United Nations provisions. Tourists in halal tourism not limited by differences in ethnicity, religion, race, and between groups. If there are restrictions, it is counterproductive or contrary to the essential nature of Islamic teachings that oriented to rahmatan lil 'alamin. So the halal tourism industry is an expression of the teachings of rahmatan lil 'alamin and a vehicle for friendship between people who are different in various aspects. It hope that halal tourism can develop to meet the needs of Muslim tourists so that they do not only visit conventional tourism, thus creating benefits.
Managing the Flood Waves from Hemrin Dam
Authors: Ghali Hajir Majid , Azzubaidi Riyadh Z.
Published: July 2021

Diyala Governorate was exposed recently to high flood waves discharged from Hemrin Dam to Diyala River when the dam reached its full capacity. The recently recorded discharge capacity of Diyala River was reduced to just 750m3/s. This exposes cities and villages along the Diyala River to flood risk when discharging the flood waves, which may reach 3000 m3/s. It is important to manage, suggest, and design flood escapes to discharge the flood waves from Hemrin Dam away from Diyala River. This escape branches from Hemrin Lake towards Ashweicha Marsh. One dimensional hydraulic model was developed to simulate the flow within the escape by using HEC-RAS software. Eighty-two cross-sections were extracted from the digital elevation model for the escape and used as geometric data. Moreover, thirty cross-sections for the Diyala River were utilized from the Strategic Study for Water and Land Resources in Iraq. Since the escape passes through two regions of different geological formations, two roughness coefficients of 0.035and0.028were used. Two discharge cases were applied3000m3/s, which is the 500 years return period extreme hydrograph of Hemrin Dam, and 4000 m3/s, which is the design discharge of Hemrin Dam spillway. A spillway was proposed at the escape entrance with crest level 105m.a.m.s.l., followed by a drop structure with eighteen rectangular steps
The Catholyte Effects on The Microbial Desalination Cell Performance of Desalination and Power Generation
Authors: Jaroo Suhad Shamil , Jumaah Ghufran Farooq , Abbas Talib Rashid
Published: July 2021

A microbial desalination cell (MDC) is a new approach to bioelectrochemical systems. It provides a more sustainable way to electrical power production, saltwater desalination, and wastewater treatment at the same time. This study examined three operation modes of the MDC: chemical cathode, air cathode, and biocathode MDC, to give clear sight of this system's performance. The experimental work results for these three modes were recorded as power densities generation, saltwater desalination rates, and COD removal percentages. For the chemical cathode MDC, the power density was 96.8 mW/m2, the desalination rate was 84.08 ppm/hr, and the COD removal percentage was 95.94%. The air cathode MDC results were different; the power density was 24.2 mW/m2, the desalination rate was 86.11 ppm/hr, and the COD removal percentage was 91.38%. The biocathode MDC results were 19.91 mW/m2 as the power density, 88.9 ppm/hr as the desalination rate, and 96.94% as the COD removal percentage. The most efficient type of MDC in this study in power production was the chemical cathode MDC, but it is the lowest sustainable. On the other hand,  the biocathode MDC was the best in desalination process performance, and both the air cathode and biocathode MDC are more sustainable and environmentally friendly, especially the biocathode MDC.
Awareness of Farmers about the Primary Agriculture Credit Societies (With Special Reference of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand)
Authors: Goswami Damini , Jindal Mayank
Published: July 2021

Primary Agriculture Credit Society is a basic unit and smallest cooperative credit institution in India. It works on the grass-root level (gram panchayat and village level). Primary Agriculture Credit Society is formed at the village or town level. It is the old cooperative credit system of India. Primary Agriculture Credit Society was designed to be a village-level credit society into which the farmers brought in share capital, deposits, and provide loans to each other. This study aims to assess the Awareness of Farmers about the Primary Agricultural Credit Societies with Special Reference to Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. 58% of farmers know about primary agriculture credit societies and this study will useful for the rural areas policymakers and this study will also useful for many other stakeholders.
Sistem Peringatan Dini Banjir Berbasis IoT dan Twitter
Authors: Tenda Edwin Phill , Lengkong Andreuw Vandy , Pinontoan Kinzie Feliciano
Published: July 2021

Letak geografis Indonesia yang berada diantara dua samudera luas serta dilalui oleh garis khatulistiwa berdampak pada potensi tingkat curah hujan yang tinggi sehingga mengakibatkan resiko bencana banjir pada hampir seluruh wilayah di Indonesia. Sistem peringatan dini adalah salah satu upaya yang dapat dibuat dalam rangka mengendalikan dan meminimalisir resiko kerugian akibat bencana. Dengan mengembangkan sebuah sistem peringatan dini yang berbasis IoT memungkinkan informasi resiko bencana disebarkan dengan cepat kepada masyarakat dengan harapan tindakan antisipatif dapat diambil dengan segera. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sebuah sistem yang mampu melakukan monitoring terhadap tinggi permukaan air sungai menggunakan sensor ultrasonik yang kemudian diproses melalui perangkat pemrosesan. Hasil pemrosesan kemudian disebarkan melalui media sosial Twitter. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa tingkat akurasi bacaan ketinggian air memiliki rata-rata error 0.47% yang menunjukan bahwa sistem memiliki akurasi yang baik.
Analisis Penggunaan Layanan Mobile Banking Terhadap Transaksi Pembayaran Menggunakan Metode Extended TAM
Authors: Crystle Rampen Danielle Eudora , Sihotang Jay Idoan
Published: July 2021

Sebuah organisasi pasti memiliki tiga hal, yaitu tempat, pekerja, dan sebuah operasi ataupun sistem yang dapat membantu pekerjaan. Pada awalnya sebuah organisasi masih mengerjakan segala sesuatu secara manual sehingga dibutuhkan sebuah teknologi agar dalam proses mengumpulkan informasi, pengambilan keputusan, dan menjalankan pekerjaan dapat berjalan dengan baik. Kebutuhan pekerja dalam organisasi seperti penggajian dan transaksi pembayaran dalam kehidupan pribadi dengan adanya teknologi menjadi tidak perlu untuk mengantri panjang saat ingin membayar sesuatu atau menunggu lama untuk menerima upah gaji. Teknologi yang sangat dibutuhkan saat ini disebut mobile banking. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan mobile banking terhadap transaksi pembayaran pada pendeta dan pekerja Konferens DKI Jakarta dengan menggunakan metode Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Dalam memperoleh hasil menggunakan analisis Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) menggunakan program SPSS dan AMOS versi 22. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konstruk model TAM berhubungan secara signifikan dan pada bagian lain ada yang tidak mempunyai pengaruh sehingga pengguna mobile banking dapat diharapkan untuk lebih teliti dalam menggunakan mobile banking agar mempermudah segala aktivitas transaksi pembayaran. Kata kunci— Pembayaran, Transaksi, Mobile Banking, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
Pemanfaatan Data Twitter Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Banjir dan Longsor
Authors: Fariz Trida Ridho , Suhardono Sapta , Verdiana Silvia
Published: July 2021

Big data seperti data twitter sudah cukup banyak digunakan dalam kajian ilmu sosial, tetapi penggunaannya dalam kajian bencana masih jarang di Indonesia. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mencari tahu informasi apa saja yang dapat diidentifikasi melalui data media sosial twitter. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kualitatif dari angket dan data twitter dari sistem big data bernama Drone Emprit Academic (DEA). Data twitter yang bergeotag juga divisualisasikan dalam bentuk peta untuk membantu proses analisis deskripsi yang merupakan analisis utama dalam penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa di twitter bencana banjir lebih mendapat perhatian ketimbang bencana longsor. Pada penyelenggaraan penanggulan bencana, kami berpendapat bahwa data twitter dapat digunakan pada semua fase. Data twitter dalam penanggulangan bencana terutama bencana hidrometereologis memiliki kelemahan seperti hanya bisa digunakan pada kota besar di Pulau Jawa. Kelemahan lainnya adalah informasi dari data twitter belum dipastikan apakah mewakili karakteristik demografi yang sama dengan kondisi dilapangan serta tingkat kevalidan informasi yang belum bisa dipertanggungjawabkan.Kata kunci— Twitter, Media sosial, Bencana, Banjir, Longsor
ANALISIS PENGARUH FINANCIAL LEVERAGE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN LQ45 TAHUN 2015-2019
Authors: Soewignyo Tonny , Sepang Nikoku Joshua
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan financial leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan LQ45 tahun 2015-2019. Pemilihan struktur modal oleh manager keuangan merupakan salah satu keputusan penting dalam perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 28 perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel Debt to Equity Ratio sebagai variabel independen, Return on Equity dan Log(n) total aset sebagai variabel kontrol, dan Price to Book Value ratio sebagai variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa financial leverage berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap nilai perusahaan sementara Return on Equity dan Log(n) berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai perusahaan.

Kata kunci: financial leverage, indeks LQ45, nilai perusahaan, Struktur modal
TINGKAT PERBEDAAN KINERJA KEUANGAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PENERAPAN TAX AMNESTY PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Koapaha Hartini Pop , Pantow Ramyaruth Agnes
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kinerja keuangan sebelum dan sesudah penerapan Tax Amnesty pada perusahaan sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) diukur dengan Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, dan Return on Equity. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sektor pertambangan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dan diperoleh 37 perusahaan. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan kwartal II 2016 dan 2017 yang di ambil dari website www.idx.co.id. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis perbedaan berpasangan atau Paired t-test, dan di dapati tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah penerapan Tax Amnesty jika diukur dengan Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Total Assets Turn Over, dan Return on Equity.

Kata Kunci: Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, Tax Amnesty, Total Assets Turnover
Teori Ekonomi David Richardo, Thomas Maltus, dan Jean Beptiste Say
Authors: SYAM FADLY
Published: July 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang geografis seorang ahli ekonomi dunia yaitu JEAN BEPTISTE SAY, THOMAS MALTUS, DAN DAVID RICHARDO. para ahli ekonomi ini juga menjelaskan teori ekonominya
Sistem Kapitalisme
Authors: SYAM FADLY
Published: July 2021

Kapitalisme merupakan sebuah sistem organisasi ekonomi yang dicirikan oleh hak milik privat atas alat-alat produksi dan distribusi yang pemanfaatannya untuk mencapai laba dalam kondisi yang sangat kompetitif.fungsi terpenting dari kapitalisme adalah menawarkan dan melindungi hak kepemilikan swasta. Ketiga, kegiatan ekonomi dipisahkan oleh tiga pemilik faktor produksi yakni pemodal, tenaga kerja, dan pemilik lahan.
SISTEM EKONOMI DAN HUKUM PERDAGANGAN DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Agnusia Nur Adillah
Published: July 2021

Ekonomi islam adalah suatu aktivitas ekonomi yang tertuju pada aturan atau ajaran agama islam, yaitu dengan terikat pada Al-Qur'an dan Sunnah. Ekonomi Islam lebih terfokus pada sistem ekonomi dari pada Ilmu Ekonomi. Sistem ekonomi terbagi menjadi 2 yaitu sistem ekonomi kapitalisme dan sistem ekonomi sosialisme. Dalam agama islam perdagangan merupakan peran utama dan memiliki peran terpusat. Hukum perdagangan dalam islam sangat diperbolehkan tetapi dengan cara yang adil seperti yang telah diajarkan oleh Nabi Muhammad Saw.
What do we see behind an occluder? Amodal completion of statistical properties in complex objects
Authors: Cherian Thomas , Arun SP
Published: July 2021

When a spiky object is occluded, we have the compelling percept that its spiky features continue behind the occluder. Although many real-world objects contain complex features, it is unclear how their features are amodally completed and whether this process is automatic. To this end, we asked participants to search for oddball targets among distractors and asked whether similarity relations in visual search between occluded displays match better with global or local completions of these displays. In Experiment 1, when objects with curved/straight corners were occluded, they were perceived as continuing with the same features than with them exchanged. In Experiment 2, we obtained similar results for objects with irregular/symmetric features. Analogous investigations on deep neural networks revealed similar results for curved/straight contours but not for irregular/symmetric features. Thus, amodal completion involves extending not only simple contours, but also their more global statistical properties.
Lonely individuals process the world in idiosyncratic ways
Authors: Baek Elisa C , Hyon Ryan , López Karina , Du Meng , Porter Mason A. , Parkinson Carolyn
Published: July 2021

Loneliness is detrimental to well-being and is often accompanied by self-reported feelings of not being understood by others. What contributes to such feelings in lonely people? We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of 66 participants to unobtrusively measure the relative alignment of people’s mental processing of naturalistic stimuli and tested whether or not lonely people actually process the world in idiosyncratic ways. We found evidence for such idiosyncrasy: lonely individuals’ neural responses were dissimilar to their peers, particularly in regions of the default-mode network in which similar responses have been associated with shared perspectives and subjective understanding. These relationships persisted when controlling for demographic similarities, objective social isolation, and participants’ friendships with each other. Our findings suggest the possibility that being surrounded by people who see the world differently from oneself, even if one is friends with them, may be a risk factor for loneliness.
Clinicopathological profile of colorectal carcinoma in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Subash , Karki Om Bahadur , Gyawali Merina , Regmi Sudeep
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. They are common after 50 years of age and present with bleeding per rectum, altered bowel habits, anemia, pain abdomen, and weight loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the demographic profile, clinical presentation, colonoscopy and histopathology findings of colorectal cancer.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Cases were studied from the departmental records. Clinical presentation, CT abdomen, colonoscopy, and histopathology findings of colorectal carcinoma were studied. Data entry was done in SPSS version 20.
Results: The mean age of subjects was 56 ± 11.42 years (range of 34 – 80 years) with male predominance (M: F=3:2). Changes in bowel habits (92.3%), chronic abdominal pain (84.6%), generalized weakness (80.7%), rectal bleeding (46.2%), and significant weight loss (42.3%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Rectal carcinoma was the most common (35%) followed by carcinomas of ascending colon (14%) and descending colon (10 %). The most common morphology was proliferative growth (61.5%). All colorectal carcinomas were adenocarcinoma, and the majority was moderately differentiated (51.9%).
Conclusion: Colorectal cancers are seen above 50 years of age and common in males. Changes in bowel habits, chronic abdominal pain, generalized weakness, rectal bleeding, and weight loss are the most common form of presentations. These patients usually present late with advanced disease and unfavorable histopathology. Screening colonoscopy >50 years is strongly recommended.
Bacteriological profile of surgical site infections in a tertiary care hospital of western Nepal
Authors: Bhatta Dharm Raj , Adhikari Abhijit , Gurung Jampa Lhamo , Amatya Niroj Man , Nayak Niranjan , Gokhale Shishir
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Surgical site infections are one of the most commonly reported nosocomial infections resulting into significant morbidity and mortality. Hospital admission and surgical procedures increase the risk of infection with multidrug resistant pathogens. This study was aimed to determine the bacterial agents associated with surgical site infections and antibiotic resistance patterns of the isolates.

Methods: A total of 161 specimens from patients with surgical site infections were included in this study. Isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by standard microbiological techniques.

Results: Out of 161 samples, 94 bacterial isolates were recovered. Gram positive bacteria were isolated in 57.4% (54/94) cases and Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism (49/54) with 65.3% (32/49) methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. All S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin. Gram negative bacteria constituted 42.6% (40/94) of total isolates and Escherichia coli was the commonest organism (13/40). Majority of Gram negative isolates were susceptible to amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin-tazobactam. Resistance to imipenem was detected among isolates of E coli, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter species.

Conclusion: Gram positive isolates were more commonly associated with surgical site infections. High percentage of MRSA was detected among the S. aureus isolates but no vancomycin resistant S. aureus. High percentage of Gram negative isolates was susceptible to imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin and gentimicin.
Impact of COVID-19 awareness on health-related behavior among adolescents in Nepal
Authors: Banstola Bidhya , Dhungana Durga
Published: July 2021

Introduction: With occurrence of COVID-19, many countries have initiated lockdown in an effort to control the pandemic. These measures can only be effective when the people co-operate. The awareness and health-related behavior have a major role in determining society’s response. Meanwhile adolescents are at the risk of deviating from disciplined health-related behaviors due to turbulence arising from their hormones despite of their awareness. This study aims to study COVID-19 awareness and its impact on health-related behavior of adolescents.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional web-based online study of 299 adolescents enrolled in various educational programs, between ages 13 to 19 years was conducted between June 18, 2020 and July 11, 2020 in Nepal. The questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, 16 items on knowledge and 40 items on behavior. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were conducted in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.

Results: A total of 299 adolescents were enrolled in the study. Majority (92.6%) of the adolescents had adequate awareness. Positive health-related behavior was seen in 72% of the adolescents. Spiritual behavior was the most affected in comparison to physical, social and psychological behavior. Adolescents with adequate awareness on COVID-19 were 10.67 times more likely to perform positive health related behavior (P=0.005; 95% CI=2.01-56.47).

Conclusion: Majority of the adolescents had adequate awareness. Significant percentage of adolescents had positive health-related behavior. Positive behaviour was not proportionately in level with adequate awareness. Effective health programs and policies are needed to transform adequate awareness into positive health-related behaviour for effective control of disease.
Implementación de un modelo mixto de atención prenatal, presencial y virtual durante la pandemia COVID-19, en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal en Lima, Perú
Authors: Meza-Santibañez Luis , H. Novoa Rommy , Torres-Osorio Juan , Jáuregui-Canchari Vladimir , Rodríguez-Hilario Noé , Guevara-Ríos Enrique , Huang-Yang Xin , Ventura Laveriano Walter
Published: July 2021

La pandemia del coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) y las medidas instauradas para su control significaron la interrupción de la atención prenatal, con potencial riesgo en la salud materna y fetal. Por otro lado, la atención prenatal convencional presencial implicaría exposición y riesgo de infección en pacientes y proveedores de salud. El Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal (INMP) ha incorporado la teleconsulta como parte de un nuevo modelo de atención prenatal mixto, cuyo objetivo es disminuir las citas presenciales y, por tanto, el contacto y riesgo de transmisión viral. El paquete de atención prenatal incluye actividades esenciales para atender gestantes en edades gestacionales específicas con mayor impacto en los desenlaces perinatales y maternos. Este nuevo modelo podría generalizarse a nivel nacional y ser parte de la solución a las disparidades de atención en el Perú, mediante políticas del uso de la telemedicina en la atención prenatal que faciliten su implementación, así como su sostenibilidad después de la pandemia de COVID-19.
Resección histeroscópica de embarazo ectópico cervical posterior a fecundación in vitro
Authors: Rojas Ruiz Juan Carlos
Published: July 2021

*
Oncofertilidad: una tarea pendiente en el sistema de salud peruano
Authors: Quiroz Rojas Julio
Published: July 2021

*
Bioética en la práctica de la colposcopia
Authors: Jerónimo José , Távara Orozco Luis , Ciudad Reynaud Antonio
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de esta presentación es estimular en los profesionales especialistas en ginecología y obstetricia la reflexión ética del manejo de todos sus casos y procedimientos clínicos, cuidando que su desempeño profesional esté apegado al conocimiento científico, a la medicina basada en la evidencia y al respeto por los principios de la bioética. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 20 años sometida diversos exámenes de tamizaje de cáncer de cuello uterino y diagnóstico que desencadenan una recomendación quirúrgica. Se realiza un análisis clínico y ético del caso, y se dan recomendaciones para el manejo adecuado guiado por la evidencia y las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales.
Comparación entre las clasificaciones de hiperplasia endometrial. Revisión sistemática y evaluación de calidad
Authors: González Mariño Mario Arturo
Published: July 2021

Antecedentes: La hiperplasia endometrial se clasifica actualmente en hiperplasia sin atipia o benigna y en lesión precancerosa, hiperplasia atípica / neoplasia intraepitelial endometrioide,  o EIN  según dos sistemas, el de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), que modificó sus anteriores clasificaciones en 2014 (aunque la de 1994 sigue siendo muy usada) y el sistema de neoplasia intraepitelial endometrial (EIN). Aún no está claro qué sistema de clasificación de la hiperplasia endometrial debe utilizarse para el control y tratamiento de las pacientes. Objetivo: Revisar y evaluar metaanálisis que comparen los sistemas de clasificación para la hiperplasia endometrial de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y el sistema EIN. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo una Comparison between endometrial hyperplasia classifications. Systematic review and quality assessment revisión sistemática de estudios de metaanálisis utilizando los términos de búsqueda “hiperplasia endometrial” en las bases de datos Pubmed, Embase y Lilacs. Los metaanálisis finalmente seleccionados se calificaron con la herramienta de evaluación AMSTAR 2. Resultados: Las búsquedas en las bases de datos encontraron 154 artículos de los cuales, después de selección y lectura completa de los artículos, finalmente se extrajeron tres para análisis cualitativo. La calificación de los metaanálisis revisados ​​con la herramienta de evaluación AMSTAR 2 encontró que la confianza general de sus resultados fue críticamente baja. Conclusiones: Los datos muestran que la morfometría objetiva en el sistema EIN es más confiable que los criterios de la OMS para evaluar el riesgo de progresión de la hiperplasia endometrial a cáncer. La comparación entre el sistema de la OMS y el sistema subjetivo de EIN dio como resultado valores pronósticos similares. Otro metaanálisis mostró una clara discrepancia entre el sistema de la OMS de 1994 y el sistema EIN. La evaluación mediante la herramienta de evaluación AMSTAR-2 mostró que la confianza general en los resultados de los estudios evaluados fue críticamente baja.
THE EFFECT OF LATERAL LIFTING TASKS ON HAND GRIP AND PINCH STRENGTH MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Tan Joe Yee , Bin Abdul Rahman Azrul Azwan , Binti Ahmad Nadiah , Bin A.Rahman Arfauz
Published: July 2021

In lateral material handling tasks, which is very common in industries, warehouse systems, and other sectors, the workers can lead to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) because of the task and work designs, especially in upper extremities. WMSDs in hand, wrist, and fingers cause workers to have health problems, in pain and uncomfortable, hence decrease their working productivity and efficiency. The workstations distances are one of the factors that might affect workers when they perform manual material handling laterally, which can lead to WMSDs in hands. Hence, there is a need to study the relationship between transfer distances with the hand grip and pinch strengths. An experiment was carried out with 30 male participants to identify the relationship of lateral transfer distances with the hand grip and pinch strengths. The results obtained from the experiment were further investigated and analysed by using repeated measure one-way MANOVA and graphs. The results had proved that in the distances of 1.0 m, 1.25 m and 1.5 m did not affect one’s hand grip and pinch strengths. But, the postures and movements were varied based on distances.
ABSTRAK: Pengangkutan barang atau bahan secara lateral amat biasa dalam industri, gudang dan sektor-sektor lain, dan kerja ini akan menyebabkan pekerja menghadapi penyakit gangguan muskuloskeletal berkaitan kerja (WMSDs) terutamanya di bahagian tangan. WMSDs yang melibatkan tangan dan jari menyebabkan pekerja mempunyai masalah kesihatan secara kekal dan mengalami kesakitan serta tidak-keselesaan. Secara tidak langsung, masalah ini telah mengurangkan prestasi mereka ketika bekerja. Syarikat terpaksa memberi bayaran yang tinggi kepada pekerja untuk kos perubatan and mengalami kerugian besar kerana pekerja yang tidak datang bekerja disebabkan penyakit tersebut. Jarak antara dua stesen kerja adalah faktor yang menyebabkan penyakit ini dihadapi oleh pekerja. Oleh itu, kajian diperlukan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara jarak dan kekuatan genggaman tangan serta jari. Satu esperimen yang melibatkan 30 orang lelaki responden telah dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara jarak dan ganggaman tangan serta jari. Hasil daripada esperimen telah dikaji dan dianalisiskan dengan menggunakan MANOVA dan grafs. Hasil kajian telah membuktikan bahawa jarak dalam 1.0m, 1.25m dan 1.5m tidak membawa apa-apa kesan terhadap genggaman tangan dan jari. Cara dan pergerakan responden adalah berbeza dan disebabkan oleh jarak, walaubagaimanapun, cara dan pergerakan responden tidak membawa sebarang kesan terhadap kekuatan genggaman tangan dan jari mereka.
CHARACTERIZATION OF MORTAR WITH PENNISETUM PURPUREUM ASHES AS CEMENT REPLACEMENT MATERIAL
Authors: Wan Ibrahim Mohd Haziman , Al-Fasih Mohammed Yahya , NIK PA Nik Nadia Amira , Putra Jaya Ramadhansyah , Setiawan Muhammad Ikhsan
Published: July 2021

In this study, the properties of mortar such as standard consistency, setting time, compressive strength, and water absorption rate were investigated. The cement was replaced with Pennisetum purpureum ashes (PPA) in different particle sizes and dosages. PPA was produced in greyish-white ash with total reactive oxides ranging from 37% to 41.1%. Pennisetum purpureum grass (PPG) was burned with a controlled process at 350 °C for the first 3 hours and 600 °C for another 3 hours at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. Then, PPG was ground in three different grinding durations (1, 3, and 6 hours) producing ashes with particle sizes of 10.58 µm, 10.25 µm, and 9.30 µm, respectively. The physical, chemical, and microstructural properties of PPA were evaluated through several tests; particle size analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, loss on ignition, and chemical composition. Results indicated that PPA is more suitable for use as filling material as a substitute for cement than pozzolanic material as its reactive oxides are less than 50%. The 15% 6H-PPA at 28 days was found to be the optimum PPA replacement dosage and grinding time with cement as it achieved the highest strength and lower water absorption rate among all samples at 7 and 28 days.
ABSTRAK: Kajian ini berkenaan sifat mortar seperti konsistensi standard, masa penyediaan, kekuatan menyeluruh, dan kadar penyerapan air.  Simen ditukar dengan abu Pennisetum purpureum (PPA) dalam saiz partikel dan sukatan berbeza. PPA pula dihasilkan melalui habuk putih-kekelabuan dengan total reaktif oksida dengan julat purata 37% ke 41.1%. Rumput Pennisetum purpureum (PPG) dibakar dengan proses kawalan pada 350 °C selama 3 jam pertama dan 600 °C pada 3 jam berikutnya pada kadar pemanasan 10 °C/min. Kemudian, PPG dikisar dalam tiga tempoh kisaran berbeza (1, 3, dan 6 jam) menghasilkan abu dengan saiz partikel 10.58 µm, 10.25 µm, dan 9.30 µm, masing-masing. Fizikal, larutan kimia dan sifat struktur mikro PPA telah dikaji melalui pelbagai ujian; analisis saiz partikel, analisis pembelauan X-ray, kehilangan semasa penyalaan dan kandungan kimia. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan PPA adalah lebih sesuai digunakan sebagai material pengisian ganti kepada simen berbanding material pozzolanik kerana reaktif oksida adalah kurang daripada 50%. PPA adalah maksimum pada 15% 6H-PPA selama 28 hari, didapati lebih sesuai sebagai dos pengganti dan masa kisaran bersama simen, kerana kekuatan menyeluruh adalah paling tinggi dan kadar penyerapan air paling kurang antara semua sampel pada 7 dan 28 hari.
MACHINE-LEARNING-BASED EVALUATION OF CORROSION UNDER INSULATION IN FERROMAGNETIC STRUCTURES
Authors: Sophian Ali , Nafiah Faris , Gunawan Teddy Surya , MOHD  YUSOF NUR AMALINA , Al-Kelabi Ali
Published: July 2021

Corrosion under insulation CUI is one of the challenging problems in pipelines used in the gas and oil industry as it is hidden and difficult to detect but can cause catastrophic accidents. Pulsed eddy current (PEC) techniques have been identified to be an effective non-destructive testing (NDT) method for both detecting and quantifying CUI. The PEC signal’s decay properties are generally used in the detection and quantification of CUI. Unfortunately, the well-known inhomogeneity of the pipe material’s properties and the presence of both cladding and insulation lead to signal variation that reduces the effectiveness of the measurement. Current PEC techniques typically use signal averaging in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), with the drawback of significantly-increasing inspection time. In this study, the use of Gaussian process regression (GPR) for predicting the thickness of mild carbon steel plates has been proposed and investigated with no signal averaging used. With mean absolute errors (MAE) of 0.21 mm, results show that the use of GPR provides more accurate predictions compared to the use of the decay coefficient, whose averaged MAE is 0.36 mm. This result suggests that the GPR-based method can potentially be used in PEC NDT applications that require fast scanning.
ABSTRAK: Hakisan di bawah penebat CUI adalah salah satu masalah yang mencabar dalam saluran paip yang digunakan dalam industri gas dan minyak kerana tersembunyi dan sukar dikesan tetapi boleh menyebabkan bencana. Teknik Pulsed eddy current (PEC) telah dikenal pasti sebagai kaedah ujian bukan pemusnah yang berkesan (NDT) untuk mengesan dan mengukur CUI. Sifat kerosakan isyarat PEC umumnya digunakan dalam pengesanan dan pengukuran CUI. Malangnya, sifat tidak tepat yang terkenal dari sifat bahan paip dan kehadiran pelapisan dan penebat menyebabkan variasi isyarat yang mengurangkan keberkesanan pengukuran. Teknik PEC semasa biasanya menggunakan rata-rata isyarat untuk meningkatkan nisbah isyarat-ke-kebisingan (SNR), dengan kelemahan peningkatan masa pemeriksaan dengan ketara. Dalam kajian ini, penggunaan regresi proses Gauss (GPR) untuk meramalkan ketebalan plat keluli karbon ringan telah diusulkan dan diselidiki dan tidak ada rata-rata isyarat yang digunakan. Dengan ralat mutlak (MAE) 0,21 mm, hasil menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan GPR memberikan ramalan yang lebih tepat dibandingkan dengan penggunaan pekali peluruhan, yang rata-rata MAE adalah 0,36 mm. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahawa kaedah berasaskan GPR berpotensi digunakan dalam aplikasi PEC NDT yang memerlukan pengimbasan pantas.
MODEL ANALYZING FOR REUSING GOLD WIRE CAPILLARY IN THE GOLD WIRE BONDING PROCESS
Authors: Phimpha Chatpon , Sindhuchao Sombat
Published: July 2021

Manufacturing process improvement is necessary for manufacturers to gain business advantages. Re-using or increasing the useful lives of machine parts is considered to be a process of performance improvement. To re-use parts, the manufacturers must know the effects of the factors related to workpieces' qualities to prevent defects. This research study aims at presenting the results of analysing the effects of the factors and mathematical models for bond shear strength when reusing gold wire bonding capillary in the gold wire bonding process of integrated circuit (IC) products using design experiment. The operation factors in the reference experiment, including bond force, bond time, USG current, EFO current and EFO gap, are investigated. The Fractional Factorial Design was used to determine five factors that affect the bond shear strength. The analysis of the results show that the bond force is a significant factor where increasing bond force factors leads to increasing bond shear strength. In the end, a Regression model of bond shear strength is obtained to show the result between the bond shear strength and effect of factors. ABSTRAK: Proses pembaharuan pengilangan adalah penting untuk para pengilang bagi memperoleh keuntungan bisnes. Guna-semula atau menambah jangka hayat pada bahagian-bahagian tertentu pada mesin adalah dianggar sebahagian proses penambahbaikan prestasi mesin. Bagi mengguna semula bahagian-bahagian ini, pengilang mesti mengetahui akibat sesuatu faktor berkaitan kualiti bahan bagi mengelak kecacatan. Kajian ini bertujuan menyampaikan dapatan kajian melalui kesan faktor dan model matematik pada kekuatan ricihan ikatan apabila mengguna semula wayar emas melalui proses kapilari ikatan wayar emas pada produk litar bersepadu melalui rekaan eksperimen. Faktor operasi melalui rujukan eksperimen dari daya ikatan, masa ikatan, arus USG, arus EFO dan jarak EFO dikaji. Rekaan Faktorial Pecahan digunakan bagi mendapatkan lima faktor yang mempengaruhi kekuatan ricihan ikatan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan daya ikatan merupakan faktor penting di mana, pertambahan faktor daya ikatan menguatkan ricihan ikatan. Akhirnya, model Regression kekuatan ricihan ikatan diperoleh bagi menjelaskan dapatan kajian antara kekuatan ricihan ikatan dan kesan faktor.