bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards design of citizen centric e-government projects in developing country context: the design-reality gap in Uganda
Authors: Kyakulumbye Stephen , Pather Shaun , Jantjies Mmaki
Published: March 2022

E-government projects should be at the heart of service delivery in developing countries if the lives of citizens, especially the socially and economically marginalized, are to be improved. However, quite often in developing country contexts, citizens have been treated as recipients of technology projects through a top-down approach from central governments. Such a paradigm of implementation usually results in the non-use of the deployed technologies and their associated e-services. A consequence of non-use of e-services results in a wastage of the public fiscus. The extant literature points to a number of underlying causes of the problem. One such problem which has been highlighted is called the “Design-Reality gap”. This paper investigates the nature of the gap. It presents findings from policy analysis and in-depth face-to-face interviews with e-government policy makers and implementers. In addition, it reports on findings from focus group discussions with potential e-government users in a health sector setting. The results which are based on a participatory action research methodology reveal that there exists a glaring design-reality gap between egovernment policy planners and citizens’ aspirations. We argue that co-creation could be a feasible approach for the design of e-government application services towards efforts to bridge the design-reality gap.
Effect of backwashing process on the performance of an interlayer-free silica–pectin membrane applied to wetland saline water pervaporation
Authors: Rahma Aulia , Elma Muthia , Rampun Erdina L.A. , Sintungkir Sintong Leonardo , Hidayat Muhammad Farid
Published: March 2022

This article describes a study that shows the effect that backwashing has on the performance of an interlayer-free silica–pectin membrane. The research described was carried out to investigate an interlayer-free silica–pectin membrane, applied to wetland saline water, under backwashing mode, using air-sparging. Wetland saline water has a high salinity – it contains 232 568 ppm of salt (measured salinity equivalent to 10% NaCl), a conductivity of 150–190 mS.cm-1 and total dissolved solids of 75–92.5 g.L-1. The work involved testing a membrane using pervaporation, which was applied to wetland saline water desalination over a period of seven months at room temperature (~25 ± 0.5°C). A common flux drop occurred due to the salt and natural organic matter contained in the water. Furthermore, the backwashing process employed air that was injected into the membrane for 20 minutes in order to reduce the formation of the cake layer of membrane fouling. In addition, the pervaporation process using wetland saline water heated to 40°C was used to “fight” internal fouling, and was also followed three times by pervaporation at room temperature (~25 ± 0.5°C). The results show that water flux and salt rejection, which fluctuated under the same conditions, reached 0.400 kg.m-2.s-1 and up to 99.99%, respectively. This indicates that the flux after backwashing was 10 times greater than before the backwashing process. Also, the salt concentration decreased to 230.18 ppm, whilst minerals dissolved in the water dropped to 10.6342 ppm and UV254 rejection increased to 31.63% – showing that the benefit of the backwashing process increases membrane performance.
Development of a test-rig for advanced rotor–stator seals used in jet engines: Part II
Authors: Berlingen Sébastien , Sinelle David , Koumi Koffi Espoir , Gajan Henri
Published: March 2022

Advanced rotor–stator seals are becoming more and more common in the latest generation of jet engines. In order to develop new radial seals and fully understand existing ones, testing needs to be done under full-scale conditions. It is necessary to be able to evaluate a new seal concept at “scale one”, under representative operating temperatures, pressure and rotational speed. This article – published in two instalments – presents details of an advanced new test-rig that is able to achieve this goal. It describes many facets of its design, construction, commissioning and use, and the challenges associated with its development.
Broadband efficient anomalous reflection using an aggressively discretized metasurface
Authors: Qi Chu , Wong Alex M. H.
Published: March 2022

Aggressive discretization in metasurface design—using the least number of unit cells required—can dramatically decrease the phase coverage requirement, thus allowing the use of simple structure and avoiding unit cells with strong resonance, leading to a simple design with broadband performance. An aggressively discretized metasurface with two unit cells per period can realize efficient anomalous reflection. In this work, we investigate the power efficiency and bandwidth of an aggressively discretized metasurface featuring anomalous reflection. Through spectral domain considerations, we find that the theoretical upper limit for the bandwidth of this metasurface reflecting all the incident power into the desired mode is 67%. With aggressive discretization, we design a metasurface with a simple unit cell structure. By tuning the two unit cells, we achieve a metasurface design that reflects more than 80% of the incidence power into the desired anomalous reflection mode over a broad bandwidth of 53.6%. Such bandwidth is unprecedented for an anomalous reflection metasurface. Finally, we fabricate and experimentally demonstrate our anomalous reflection metasurface and obtain bandwidth and efficiency performances which agree well with simulation.
Broadband injection-locked homodyne receiver for digital coherent transmission using a low Q Fabry-Perot LD
Authors: Kasai Keisuke , Kan Takashi , Yoshida Masato , Hirooka Toshihiko , Nakazawa Masataka
Published: March 2022

We describe the broadband injection-locking performance of a Fabry-Perot laser diode (FP-LD) for digital coherent transmission. The dynamic locking bandwidth of the FP-LD was as wide as 28.8 GHz, which makes it possible to achieve precise carrier-phase synchronization with extremely low phase noise over a wide frequency range. By applying the FP-LD as an LO in an injection-locked homodyne receiver for digital coherent quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) transmission, we demonstrate, for the first time, the precise demodulation of 3, 10 and 20 Gbaud 256 QAM signals even when using a widely and randomly phase-modulated transmitter laser. This is attributed to the excellent wideband dynamic injection-locking characteristics of the FP-LD.
Automated design of a slim catadioptric system combining freeform surface and zoom lens
Authors: Liu Yunpeng , Yang Bo , Zhuang Songlin
Published: March 2022

The development of electronic industry demands miniaturization for zoom lens. Freeform surfaces and catadioptric lens system play important roles in the compactness of optical design. However, the initial structure of the catadioptric system is relatively rare and repeated optimizing in first-order lens design requires advanced knowledge and experiences. That brings challenges for establishing an initial structure for the freeform catadioptric zoom system, which is essential for optical designers. In this work, an automatic design method for the initial structure of a catadioptric system with freeform surface and zoom lens is proposed. As long as the focal length range and total length are determined, the initial structure of the catadioptric zoom lens with arbitrary zoom ratio in a certain range can be obtained for further analysis and optimization. The rapid design method reduces the dependence on experience for catadioptric system design, saves considerable time and can help to ease the difficulty in finding the initial structure of slim zoom lens.
Dual-wavelength surface plasmon resonance holographic microscopy for simultaneous measurements of cell-substrate distance and cytoplasm refractive index
Authors: Dai Siqing , Mi Jingyu , Dou Jiazhen , Yu Tongyao , Zhang Mengmeng , Di Jianglei , Zhang Jiwei , Zhao Jianlin
Published: March 2022

Studying the basic characteristics of living cells is of great significance in biological research. Bio-physical parameters, including cell-substrate distance and cytoplasm refractive index (RI), can be used to reveal cellular properties. In this Letter, we propose a dual-wavelength surface plasmon resonance holographic microscopy (SPRHM) to simultaneously measure the cell-substrate distance and cytoplasm RI of live cells in a wide-field and non-intrusive manner. Phase-contrast surface plasmon resonance (SPR) images of individual cells at wavelengths of 632.8 nm and 690 nm are obtained using an optical system. The two-dimensional distributions of cell-substrate distance and cytoplasm RI are then demodulated from the phase-contrast SPR images of the cells. MDA-MB-231 cells and IDG-SW3 cells are experimentally measured to verify the feasibility of this approach. Our method provides a useful tool in biological fields for dual-parameter detection and characterization of live cells.
Performance of early warning signals for disease re-emergence: A case study on COVID-19 data
Authors: Proverbio Daniele , Kemp Françoise , Magni Stefano , Gonçalves Jorge
Published: March 2022

Developing measures for rapid and early detection of disease re-emergence is important to perform science-based risk assessment of epidemic threats. In the past few years, several early warning signals (EWS) from complex systems theory have been introduced to detect impending critical transitions and extend the set of indicators. However, it is still debated whether they are generically applicable or potentially sensitive to some dynamical characteristics such as system noise and rates of approach to critical parameter values. Moreover, testing on empirical data has, so far, been limited. Hence, verifying EWS performance remains a challenge. In this study, we tackle this question by analyzing the performance of common EWS, such as increasing variance and autocorrelation, in detecting the emergence of COVID-19 outbreaks in various countries. Our work illustrates that these EWS might be successful in detecting disease emergence when some basic assumptions are satisfied: a slow forcing through the transitions and not-fat-tailed noise. In uncertain cases, we observe that noise properties or commensurable time scales may obscure the expected early warning signals. Overall, our results suggest that EWS can be useful for active monitoring of epidemic dynamics, but that their performance is sensitive to certain features of the underlying dynamics. Our findings thus pave a connection between theoretical and empirical studies, constituting a further step towards the application of EWS indicators for informing public health policies.
Thin layer drying kinetics and quality dynamics of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) treated with preservatives and solar dried under different temperatures
Authors: Khaliq Abdul , Li Wen-Fang , Ali Shahbaz , Shah Syed Tanveer , Ma Zong-Huan , Mao Juan , Niaz Yasir , Chen Bai-Hong , Haq Inzamam Ul , Al-Yahyai Rashid , Ahmed Mohamed A. A. , Al-Ghamdi Abdullah Ahmed , Elshikh Mohamed S. , Zuan Ali Tan Kee
Published: March 2022

Poor postharvest handling, microbial infestation, and high respiration rate are some the factors are responsible for poor storage life of perishable commodities. Therefore, effective preservation of these commodities is needed to lower the damages and extend shelf life. Preservation is regarded as the action taken to maintain desired properties of a perishable commodity as long as possible. Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) is perishable fruit with high nutritive value; however, has very short shelf-life. Therefore, effective preservation and drying is needed to extend its storage life. Drying temperature and preservatives significantly influence the quality of perishable vegetables and fruits during drying. The current study investigated the effect of different temperatures and preservatives on drying kinetics and organoleptic quality attributes of persimmon. Persimmon fruits were treated with preservatives (25% honey, 25% aloe vera, 2% sodium benzoate, 1% potassium metabisulfite, and 2% citric acid solutions) under different drying temperatures (40, 45, and 50°C). All observed parameters were significantly affected by individual effects of temperatures and preservatives, except ash contents. Similarly, interactive effects were significant for all parameters except total soluble sugars, ash contents, and vitamin C. Generally, fruits treated with citric acid and dried under 50°C had 8.2% moisture loss hour-1, 14.9 drying hours, 0.030 g H2O g-1 hr-1, 1.23° Brix of total soluble solids, 6.71 pH, 1.35% acidity, and 6.3 mg vitamin C. These values were better than the rest of the preservatives and drying temperatures used in the study. Therefore, treating fruits with citric acid and drying at 50°C was found a promising technique to extend storage life of persimmon fruits. It is recommended that persimmon fruits dried at 50°C and preserved in citric acid can be used for longer storage period.
Different planning policies for the initial movement velocity depending on whether the known uncertainty is in the cursor or in the target: Motor planning in situations where two potential movement distances exist
Authors: Onagawa Ryoji , Mukai Kae , Kudo Kazutoshi
Published: March 2022

During goal-directed behaviors, individuals can be required to start a movement before deciding on the final goal. Previous studies have focused on the initial movement direction in situations involving multiple targets in different directions from the starting position and have shown that the movement is initiated in the average direction among the target directions. However, the previous studies only included situations with targets at equivalent distances, and the characteristics of motor planning in situations with multiple movement possibilities over different potential distances are unclear. In such situations, movement velocity is another important control variable. Furthermore, while previous studies examined situations with an uncertain motor target position, uncertainty can also exist in the effector position (e.g., body or tool locations). Therefore, we examined (1) whether the average output is confirmed in the initial movement velocity during execution in situations involving two potential movements with different distances. In addition, we examined (2) whether planning of the movement velocity can differ depending on the presence of uncertainty in the cursor or the target. In the main conditions, the participants were required to start a reaching movement with two potential movement distances; in the two-cursor condition, two cursors were presented before the start of the trial, and in the two-target condition, two targets were presented. As a control condition, a distance condition corresponding to each main condition was also performed. In the control condition, the initial movement velocity varied linearly with distance. Then, we tested whether the initial movement velocity in situations with two potential movement distances would follow the averaging output of the corresponding control condition. The results revealed that while the initial movement velocity in the two-target condition was slower than the averaging output, that in the two-cursor condition approached the averaging output. These results suggest that the velocity profile of the goal-directed movement is not simply averaged in a situation where two potential targets exist, and that there is a difference in the planning policy of the initial movement depending on whether the known uncertainty is for the movement goal or the effector.
Transition from undergraduates to residents: A SWOT analysis of the expectations and concerns of Japanese medical graduates during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hayashi Mikio , Nishiya Katsumi , Kaneko Kazunari
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Interruptions in undergraduate clinical clerkship during the COVID-19 pandemic have reduced the confidence and preparedness of residents beginning their postgraduate training. We explore the thoughts of new residents about this transition and reflect on the support needed.

Methods

An exploratory qualitative case study was conducted with 51 residents. All had experienced interruptions in clinical training due to the pandemic and had just started their postgraduate training. Qualitative data were collected through 6 focus groups and 12 individual follow-up interviews. A thematic analysis was undertaken, and the data were categorised using a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) framework.

Results

Graduates beginning their residency were aware of their professionalism and independence during the transition. They also faced the predicament of needing close supervision while their supervisors managed pandemic conditions. Residents emphasised the importance of developing relationships with colleagues and supervisors during the transition to residency and wanted direct observation and detailed feedback from their supervisors during procedures.

Conclusions

The experiences of residents were not uniformly negative. In fact, some had developed a positive mindset when entering the clinical field. Medical faculty members reflecting on interactions with new residents and planning future clinical internships could benefit from placing a high value on building relationships among residents, who may expect direct observation and detailed feedback from their supervisors.
Why do we fear gender-neutrality?
Authors: Muratovski Gjoko
Published: March 2022

In conversation with Alok Vaid-Menon
Ἀνα τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον
Authors: Suzanne Bernard
Published: March 2022

Answering articles by Smith (PJ 18) and Matoso (PJ 22) about the Divided Line, I argue that the problems Smith raised and Matoso pretended to solve don’t exist in a proper reading of the analogy and the ensuing allegory of the cave in light of one another and stem from a misunderstanding of the expression ἀνα τὸν αὺτον λόγον at Rep. VI, 509d7: the λόγος to be used to split both segments is not the one used to split the line in the first place, and it is not a numerical ratio, but a logical rationale.
Hivatásos sport a társadalmi jóllét szolgálatában: A fenntartható (slow) sport koncepciója
Authors:   , Szathmári Attila
Published: March 2022

A nem növekedésorientált lét feltételeinek azonosításához szükséges az uralkodó gazdasági logika megkérdőjelezése. Ehhez meg kell határozni, hogy miért szükségesek a nem növekedés logikáján alapuló alternatív gazdasági rendszerek, és melyek a jellemzői (Kallis 2011; Harangozó, Csutora és Kocsis 2018; Buch- Hansen 2018). A feladatot egyszerűsíti, ha találunk egy olyan alrendszert, amely közérdeklődésre tart számot, belső logikája egyszerűbben megfogható, nyelvezete közérthetőbb. Ilyen alrendszer a sport, ezen belül a hivatásos sport, amely nagy érdeklődés mellett zajlik, a sikerek komoly publicitást kapnak, működési logikája pedig megfeleltethető a növekedésorientált gazdasági logika összefüggéseinek, sok esetben letisztultabban is megmutatja azokat. A globalizáció erősödésével, a média térnyerésével, a szabadidő megnövekedésével, valamint a fogyasztási szokások megváltozása révén a sport egyre inkább üzletté vált (Thibault 2009; András és Havran, 2014). Egyre több támogatást igényel: gigantikus infrastruktúra, egyrészt a nemzetközi sportesemények megrendezéséhez, másrészt a szórakoztatás, mint funkció betöltéséhez; és ily módon épít a tömegturizmusra és a hiper-merchandisingra (Vrondou 2017; Vierhaus 2019). Beléptünk egy olyan korszakba, amelyben a sportot a profit elérésének potenciális eszközeként kezelik. A kutatás célja a fenntarthatóság fogalmának - annak mélyebb megértése érdekében - az emberi tevékenység egyik legversenyképesebb és leggyorsabb alrendszerére, a hivatásos sportra vetítése. A magyar olimpiaikonokkal végzett kvalitatív kutatások alapján létrehoztunk egy 23 állításból álló hivatásos sport alapú Fenntartható Sport – kérdőívet. Ezek alapján a Fenntartható (slow) sport (1) Jövőfókuszú: neveli és kezeli a felnövekvő generáció tagjait, hosszútávú tervezéssel lehetővé teszi a kiegyensúlyozott karrier megélését olyan környezetben, amelyben az emberek életre szóló fejlődési lehetőségei biztosítottak; (2) elősegíti a közösségépítést olyan értékek egyéni és társadalmi szintű közvetítésével, mint az együttműködés, boldogság és sportszerűség; (3) egy egészséges média-sport kapcsolat kialakításával eléri a dekommodifikációt (nem-áruformát), amely eredőjeként a pénzt nem célként, hanem eszközként kezeli, a sportolókat pedig emberként semmint tárgyként; és végül, ezeknek megfelelően, (4) újrafogalmazza a teljesítményt, mely tiszteletet parancsol, támogatva a jövő-fókuszt, a közösségépítést és a dekommodifikációt (nem-áruformát). A kutatás egy másik, közvetett, de nem kevésbé fontos célja, hogy előirányozzon egy kívánatos, fenntartható gazdasági-társadalmi modellt, melyben a sport egy tágabb emberi környezet része.
Scholars and Literati at the University of Dole (1422–1691)
Authors: De la Croix David , Mytilinaios Panagiotis
Published: March 2022

This note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who taught at the University of Dole from its inception in 1422 to its transfer to Besançon in 1691.
RESULTS OF COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE DURABILITY OF CUTTING CERAMIC PLATES WHEN TURNING HARDENED STEEL BLANKS
Authors: Mylnikov V. V. , Pronin A. I. , Veselov S. V. , Valko D. A.
Published: March 2022

The paper presents the results of a study on the durability of cutting ceramics: a replaceable polyhedral plate developed at NSTU and cutting ceramics WOK-60 when processing hardened steel blanks made of 40X (45HRC) steel. As a result of the tests carried out, it was found that with the use of cutting modes developed at KNAU, the durability of SMP from cutting ceramics created at NSTU is more than 1.7 times higher than the performance of plates based on the WOK-60 material. At the same time, the roughness of the treated surface of the work piece was Ra = 0.35 ? 0.05 microns when using SMP from the developed ceramics Ra = 0.55 ? 0.05 microns when using WOK-60 plates. The stages of destruction of cutting ceramic plates are revealed, taking into account the hierarchy of structural scales.
Medellín como una representación de la decadencia de Colombia en Casablanca la bella de Fernando Vallejo
Authors: Curzytek Barbara
Published: March 2022

The article analyses the representation of Medellín in Fernando Vallejo’s 2013 novel Casablanca la bella in the context of Zygmunt Bauman’s liquid modernity concept and other cultural theories of the urban, which can be applied to Colombia in the context of omnipresence of violence. The analysis proves that the narrator-protagonist, disappointed with the modernity in Colombian context, is incapable of accepting the changes that the city as well as the country have suffered during his life and uses the descriptions of the urban space for social criticism. The conclusion is that the narrator-protagonist obsessively tries to re-actualize the past and persists in linking to it as he does not see any point of reference in the present nor any positive perspective for Colombia in a foreseeable future.
Unidad de posgrados como unidad de gestión: se piensa y se transforma
Authors: Ramírez Téllez Alberto , Fonseca Ortiz Lina María
Published: March 2022

La Universidad Santo Tomás, comprometida con la formación posgradual integral y de calidad, y en consideración del crecimiento de la oferta de programas académicos en este nivel de formación, crea la Unidad de Posgrados en el 2012 como unidad académica adscrita a la Vicerrectoría Académica General (VAG) con el objetivo de coadyuvar en el desarrollo de proyectos y estrategias que favorecen la articulación de los posgrados con las políticas institucionales (Acuerdo 28, Consejo Superior, USTA, 2012). Su creación se constituye en parte de las unidades de gestión de la VAG, que fungen como instancias consultivas y asesoras, que les da carácter de unidades de apoyo para el desarrollo de las funciones universitarias.
Tiempo y evaluación del aprendizaje
Authors: Murcia Padilla Julio César
Published: March 2022

El giro que se ha dado en la educación por los cambios en la mirada del aprendizaje —y no tanto en la enseñanza— ha centrado su problemática en las prácticas pedagógico-evaluativas, tanto más en las estrategias didácticas para el aprendizaje que en las estrategias pedagógicas para la enseñanza. Ello ha implicado un giro de 180 ° en la manera como se concibe el saber y el conocimiento, y la acción del docente en esta mediación entre el saber, su ejercicio docente y la procura del aprendizaje del estudiante de manera profunda y auténtica. Esta conversión del eje alrededor del cual gira la educación formal ha posibilitado y generado diseños curriculares que respondan a estas nuevas dinámicas de relación pedagógica y didáctica del aprendizaje de los estudiantes y de la práctica docente concreta en el aula
La cabina de derechos
Authors: Ballesteros Moreno María Constanza , Herrera Porras Andrés Julián
Published: March 2022

Dentro de las actividades de investigación de la Universidad Santo Tomás existe una estrategia importante donde los estudiantes cobran protagonismo: los semilleros de investigación. En este sentido, es importante destacar la labor del Semillero en Estudio y Análisis Crítico de los Derechos Humanos y el Derecho Internacional Humanitario, uno de los semilleros más numerosos de la Facultad de Derecho y que tiene como fin último la promoción del respeto por el principio , valor y derecho de la Dignidad Humana, bajo el entendido que esta es el origen y el fundamento de los Derechos Humanos.
Restoration of Poissonian Images Using Nonconvex Regularizer with Overlapping Group Sparsity
Authors: Liu Xinwu , Lian Wenhui
Published: March 2022

Aimed at achieving the accurate restoration of Poissonian images that exhibit neat edges and no staircase effect, this article develops a novel hybrid nonconvex double regularizer model. The proposed scheme closely takes the advantages of total variation with overlapping group sparsity and nonconvex high-order total variation priors. The overlapping group sparsity is adopted to globally suppress the staircase artifacts, while the nonconvex high-order regularization plays the role of locally preserving the significant image features and edge details. Computationally, a quite efficient alternating direction method of multipliers, associated with the iteratively reweighted ${\ell _{1}}$ algorithm and the majorization-minimization method, is employed to settle the optimization problem iteratively. Finally, exhaustive simulation experiments are executed for recovering Poissonian images, which are made comparisons with several state-of-the-art restoration strategies, indicate the brilliant performance of our model in terms of intuitive effects and accuracy evaluation.
The Concept of the Admissibility of Evidence in Lithuanian Civil Procedure and Arbitration
Authors: Bartkus Jurgis
Published: March 2022

This article analyzes the concept of admissibility of evidence in Lithuanian civil proceedings and arbitration. The first part of the article reviews the past and current legislation, case law and doctrine, which reveal the concepts of the admissibility of evidence in both civil and arbitral proceedings.The second part of the article provides a critical assessment of these concepts. It is proposed to improve the concept of the admissibility of evidence in civil proceedings, and an alternative of this concept is presented. As far as arbitration law is concerned, it is acknowledged that the concept of the admissibility of evidence in arbitration causes legal uncertainty in the proceedings, which forces to consider possible corrections to this concept.
Pequeñas empresas productoras de leche: un estudio desde la perspectiva del modelo de negocio
Authors: Carrasco Pérez Saúl , Altamirano Cárdenas J. Reyes , Vargas Del Ángel Miguel Ángel , Islas-Moreno Asael
Published: March 2022

En este artículo se analizan empresas productoras de leche de pequeña escala bajo el enfoque de los modelos de negocio, con la finalidad de comprender la lógica de negocio de las empresas y valorar su rentabilidad. Las empresas se agruparon mediante un análisis de clústeres, se analizaron los modelos de negocio de los grupos identificados mediante la herramienta del lienzo, y la rentabilidad del negocio se valoró mediante el índice CASI. Se identificaron y analizaron tres modelos de negocio distintos, en los cuales se determinó que la producción de leche no es rentable, pero desempeña funciones importantes en la economía familiar como medio de ahorro y de flujo constante de ingresos. La lechería se sostiene porque coexiste con otras actividades desarrolladas por las familias. La diversificación productiva exige la gestión de diferentes modelos de negocio; en este sentido, el estudio revela la importancia de que se analice la relación entre los distintos modelos de negocio que operan las empresas agropecuarias en futuras investigaciones.
Antibacterial activity of donkey’s milk against clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, Šarić Ljubiša
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of raw donkey milk toward the clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae at 9, 15 and 38 °C as well as to clarify the role of lysozyme, lactoferrin and calcium content in the antibacterial activity of donkey’s milk. The effects of contamination level and incubation period on this antibacterial activity were also examined. Antibacterial assays were performed by determing the bacterial count in intentionally contaminated (102, 103, 104 cfu/mL) donkey milk samples during 8 and 96 hours. Lab-on-a-chip electrophoresis and atomic absorption spectrometry were used for the determination of lysozyme, lactoferrin and calcium contents in donkey milk, respectively. The donkey milk samples showed varying degrees of antibacterial activity against the tested strain K. pneumoniae. The antibacterial synergism of lysozyme and lactoferrin was proven for this clinical strain as the samples with higher lactoferrin amount showed a stronger antibacterial activity. The correlation between calcium content and antibacterial activity of donkey milk samples was not established. Donkey milk showed stronger antibacterial potential at 15 °C compared to 9 °C, but this was limited by a higher growth rate of K. pneumoniae at 15 °C. The higher level of contamination resulted in a faster consumption of the antibacterial capacity of donkey milk. The artificial neural network model for prediction of K. pneumoniae count gave acurate fit to experimental data, showing a reasonably good (overall r2 for donkey milk was 0.986, with training error 4.67∙10-4, while r2 for nutrient broth was 0.982 and training error was 0.002).
Use of the International Classification for Nursing Practice in the construction of a care protocol
Authors: Rodrigues Jéssica Alline Pereira , Lacerda Maria Ribeiro , Galvão Cristina Maria , Cubas Márcia Regina
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe the use of the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) in the construction of a nursing care protocol for children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: experience report. Results: nursing problems were defined based on complications identified in a previous study; later, the ICNP® enabled the organization and systematization of childcare. The care protocol consists of 40 nursing problems, with their human needs affected, diagnoses and nursing interventions. The axes Focus, Judgment, Location, Action, Means, Time, and Client were used in the elaboration of diagnoses and interventions proposed in the protocol. Final Considerations: the use of the classification allowed the establishment of nursing interventions compatible with the needs of the child undergoing transplantation, providing support for the care protocol. It made it possible to encourage the use of classification in this context, contribute to patient safety and strengthen professional practice.
Privatization and geographic inequalities in the distribution and expansion of higher nursing education in Brazil
Authors: Soares Fabiana Alves , Oliveira Bruno Luciano Carneiro Alves de
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the influence of privatization and geographic inequalities in the distribution and expansion of higher education in nursing in Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study, with online data of 1,244 courses and 190,610 nursing vacancies, started between 1890 and 2019. Proportions were estimated and differences were verified with statistical tests (α=5%), vacancy rate per 10,000 inhabitants and private ratio/public. Results: there was an accelerated, disorderly and heterogeneous growth in the number of courses and vacancies for nursing over 129 years, with strong private influence, favoring their concentration in large urban centers, capitals and richer states. Conclusions: the significant expansion of higher education in nursing in Brazil occurred with excessive private supply and unequal distribution between its locations, indicating the need for state regulation in the opening of new courses and vacancies, which can minimize the negative repercussions on the quality of education, health care and workforce imbalances.
Functional respiratory re-education interventions in people with respiratory disease: a systematic literature review
Authors: Dias Pedro Miguel Martins , Teixeira Helena Margarida dos Santos , Palma Magali Cavaco , Messias Patrícia Alexandra Lopes , Vieira João Vítor da Silva , Ferreira Rogério Manuel Ferrinho
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify nursing interventions in rehabilitation, within the scope of functional respiratory reeducation, which allow a respiratory function improvement in people with respiratory disease. Methods: systematic literature review using the MEDLINE database search, adopting the PICO mnemonic and the Joanna Briggs Institute’s assessment of the level of evidence and methodological quality. The search for randomized controlled trials was carried out in June 2021 considering the period from 2015 to 2020, in English or Portuguese. Results: a sample of nine randomized controlled trials with methodological quality was obtained which highlighted the use of positive expiratory pressure devices as an important component and intervention for respiratory functional reeducation. Conclusions: nursing interventions in rehabilitation with an emphasis on functional respiratory reeducation are essential, showing improvements in people’s general health.
Diferença na repetição? alguns sentidos da mestiçagem e da “civilização brasileira” em movimentos culturais brasileiros
Authors: Marino Rafael
Published: March 2022

Resumo: A partir da bibliografia existente, não é difícil notar que atores como Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius foram decisivos para constituição do que chamamos de uma langue e uma imagem da mestiçagem no Brasil, a partir das quais fora forjado um imaginário de que a especificidade da “civilização brasileira” seria fundada na mestiçagem de três raças. Argumentamos que Gilberto Freyre teve um papel de destaque na atualização e propagação desta langue ao argumentar que esta originalidade civilizacional se alicerçaria na mestiçagem e em um equilíbrio de antagonismos, construindo, deste modo, um esquema mental notavelmente conservador. Isso, porém, não impediu que essa matriz intelectual tenha sido revisitada, sistematicamente, em formas de pensamento encontradas em movimentos culturais e intelectuais críticos. Casos notáveis nesse sentido são: a antropofagia, o tropicalismo e alguns estudos pós-coloniais. À vista disto, o nosso trabalho tem as seguintes intenções: (i) expor as principais linhas do pensamento freyriano a respeito de uma civilização tropical miscigenada e (ii) escandir os usos que foram feitos deste imaginário e diagnóstico de Freyre pelos movimentos acima expostos, enfatizando algumas experiências intelectuais. Concluímos que, apesar de práticas desconstrutivas, a metonímia entre mestiçagem e construção de uma identidade nacional apaziguada é dominante.
Comunidade de Práticas da Atenção Básica à Saúde: memória do horizonte de uma gestão coletiva da saúde
Authors: Guizardi Francini Lube , Machado Felipe Rangel de Souza , Lemos Ana Silvia Pavani
Published: March 2022

Resumo A pesquisa que originou este artigo teve como objetivo identificar experiências de apoio institucional no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde, para apreender como ocorrem a difusão da proposta, os limites, dificuldades e resultados que ela alcançou em distintos contextos e realidades. O mapeamento foi realizado por meio de pesquisa documental na Comunidade de Práticas da Atenção Básica, resultando na inclusão de 38 relatos de experiência. Os dados corroboram o potencial do apoio institucional para fomentar práticas e arranjos de gestão compartilhada na implementação de políticas e programas de saúde, na promoção de mudanças no processo de trabalho de equipes e na integração intra e interinstitucional. Ele é empregado como recurso para transformar indicativos normativos em relações sociais e dispositivos organizacionais no cotidiano da atenção e da gestão do Sistema Único de Saúde. Os principais desafios identificados referem-se às resistências oriundas de dinâmicas culturais e comunicacionais atinentes a concepções e práticas de gestão influenciadas pelo modelo da administração clássica, além de um conjunto de questões operacionais que incidem negativamente nos resultados alcançados. A sistematização das experiências possibilitou-nos compreender que o apoio institucional demanda habilidades de mediação complexas, que precisam ser melhor compreendidas e instrumentalizadas, principalmente no tocante à participação da comunidade.
Online innovation and collaboration in the creation of free software
Authors: Fernandes Nelson da Cruz Monteiro , Paiva Jr. Fernando Gomes de , Fernandes Osiris Luis da Cunha , Costa Marconi Freitas da
Published: March 2022

RESUMO Os avanços das tecnologias de informação propiciaram a inovação centrada no utilizador de artefatos advindos da cultura cibernética. Esse advento do capitalismo provoca a emergência de abordagens que contemplam a produção coletiva e imaterial vigente em comunidades de softwares de código aberto. A partir de uma perspectiva pós-estruturalista, foram analisadas seis entrevistas, dois vídeos e uma lista de discussão on-line para apreciação do processo de construção do discurso hegemônico a partir das lógicas de equivalência, diferença e fantasia. Constatou-se que os discursos dos desenvolvedores simbolizam uma presença ainda por vir, com as demandas particulares diluídas numa cadeia equivalencial que abarca o maior número de reivindicações, e que existe um esforço para a criação de um processo incessante de geração de valor ao ultrapassarem as fronteiras da comunidade, articulando continuamente stakeholders para acessar recursos e gerar soluções conjuntas no processo de inovação.
Configurational analysis of proximities in innovation alliances
Authors: Salvini Jessâmine Thaize Sartorello , Galina Simone Vasconcelos Ribeiro
Published: March 2022

RESUMO As alianças tornaram-se fator crítico para o desenvolvimento da inovação, contudo a falta de proximidade entre os parceiros, que vai além do aspecto geográfico, pode influenciar os resultados. Apesar desse entendimento, os estudos não avaliam a inter-relação das proximidades em alianças de inovação. Esta pesquisa busca compreender quais combinações de proximidades levam a alianças exploration e exploitation. Para perscrutar esse caminho, realizou-se um survey com 174 empresas de alta tecnologia; como método, adotou-se a Análise Qualitativa Comparativa (QCA). Os resultados encontrados destacam que, no contexto de parceiros próximos fisicamente, as alianças de exploration são dependentes de proximidade social, combinadas com proximidade cognitiva ou institucional. Já as alianças exploitation são dependentes de proximidades cognitiva e social, somada à ausência de proximidade organizacional. Tem-se como conclusão que a orientação inovadora das alianças não depende do desenvolvimento de todas as dimensões de proximidade e destaca-se, assim, a relevância dos laços sociais.
COVID-19 SÜRECİNİN TÜKETİCİ DAVRANIŞLARINA ETKİSİ VE TÜKETİCİ EĞİLİMLERİNDEKİ YENİLİKLER: BAĞIŞIKLIK GÜÇLENDİRİCİ GIDA TAKVİYELERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: EYİCE BASEV Sinem
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 sürecinde tüketicilerin farklı satın alma motivasyonlarına bağlı olarak farklı tüketici davranışları göstermektedirler. Bu durum, hijyen alışkanlıklarından maske takmaya, tüketici satın alma alışkanlıklarından evden çalışmaya kadar pek çok yeni alışkanlığı da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu bağlamdan yola çıkılarak araştırmanın amacı, COVID-19 sürecinin Türkiye’de yaşayan tüketicilerin davranışlarına etkisi ve tüketici eğilimlerindeki yeniliklerin bağışıklık güçlendirici gıda takviyeleri örneği üzerinden belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın modeli olarak nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 30 yaş ve üstü gönüllü 14 katılımcıdan oluşmuştur. Araştırmanın veri toplama aracı olarak, çalışma grubunun demografik özelliklerinin belirlenmesine yönelik 3 soru ve 9 yarı yapılandırılmış açık uçlu sorudan oluşan görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler MAXQDA 2018 programı ile içerik analizi ve betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; katılımcıların pandemi döneminde daha sağlıklı gıda tüketme ihtiyacı ortaya çıktığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların pandemi sürecinde sağlıklarını korumaya daha fazla önem verdiği de belirlendiğinden bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirici gıda takviyeleri kullandığı söylenebilir
REQUIRED OPERATING LICENSE BEFORE OPERATION PERMIT TO BE ABLE TO PERFORM MINING OPERATION ACTIVITIES IN TURKEY
Authors: YILDIZ Taşkın Deniz
Published: March 2022

For the realization of mining operations in Turkey; investors should take a mining operating license in the first place. According to mining legislation; different license areas and periods varying according to mineral groups are envisaged. After received the mining operating license, to conduct the activities shown in the mining operating project, the operation permit must be obtained. Operating permit area; is determined by reducing the mineral reserve to the proved reserve in the mining operating license area. Operation permit show that for mines within the mining operating license area, all permits have been obtained and there is no obstacle to the production of mines. Therefore, the period of mining operating licenses in Turkey (except 1, 2 (a) ve 2 (c) mineral groups); are an interim period before the mining operation permit process, which is necessary to start mining production, taken after the end of the mining exploration activities. During this transitional period; application for mining operating license; areas, and duration of mining operating license; operating project and the activities to be carried out accordingly, should be known for investors who will invest in mining. How can the mining investor proceed to operation permit process as soon as possible without the license security decline? Why is there a need for an operation permit along with a mining operating license in Turkey? Arrangements on these issues will reduce the risk of mining investments and will also contribute to the development of environmentally friendly mining.
A Combination of UV-Vis Spectroscopy and Chemometrics for Detection of Sappanwood (Caesalpinia sappan) Adulteration from Three Dyes
Authors: Batubara Irmanida , SaadatulHusna SaadatulHusna , Mohamad Rafi Mohamad Rafi , Sumaryada Tony , Uchiyama Susumu , Juliandi Berry , Sastia Prama Putri Sastia Prama Putri , Fukusaki Eiichiro
Published: March 2022

Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan) is very well known as a natural dye for traditional food and beverage in many countries. Recently, there are many reports of sappan wood adulteration by adding synthetic or natural dyes to obtain quality color and better appearance. In this study, UV-Vis absorption spectra coupled with chemometrics were used to develop rapid detection of sappan wood raw material adulteration (authentication) from three dyes, i.e., sudan III, commercial textile dyes, and red yeast rice. Absorption spectra of 13 sappan wood raw material and adulterated sappan wood with the three dyes in two different concentrations which resulted about 78 adulterated samples were measured with UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength range of 200-800 nm. A principal component analysis followed by discriminant analysis was used to construct a model for the authentication of sappan wood from the three dyes used in this study. The combination of both methods was successfully classified sappan wood as non-adulterated and adulterated with the dyes. Cross-validation results of the authentication model of sappan wood from sudan III, commercial textile dyes, and red yeast rice were 94.12%, 94.12%, and 92.16% correctly classified into their groups, respectively.
Effect of Ring Radius and Electric Field on the Relative Refractive Index of a GaAs Quantum Ring
Authors: SALMAN DURMUŞLAR Aysevil
Published: March 2022

The influence of inner ring radius and in-plane electric field on the relative refractive index of a GaAs-AlGaAs single circular quantum ring is theoretically studied. The energy levels and corresponding wave functions are obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation within effective mass and envelope wave function approximations. The changes in the intraband transition energies are presented in terms of varying ring radius and external electric fields. Relative refractive index changes are calculated through the compact-density matrix approach. The results show that both ring radius and electric field significantly affect the location and also the peak intensities of relative refractive index changes on the incident photon energy.
SEEKING FRIENDS IN TROUBLED TIMES: THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF TRANSNATIONAL LGBT NETWORKS IN EUROPE*
Authors: Gonsalves Tara , Velasco Kristopher
Published: March 2022

Prior research demonstrates the importance of domestic associations joining transnational advocacy networks to create social change. Few studies, however, investigate how dynamic political opportunities influence the structure of crossnational networks. To address this gap, we analyze an original dataset of 3,103 domestic lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) associations in Europe connected through joint membership in 46 LGBT international nongovernmental organizations from 2010 to 2020. Results from network and multilevel analyses reveal a relatively unstable network that is centrally comprised of associations located in adverse political contexts. More specifically, advocacy associations located in adverse political contexts, but recently joining the European Union, are more likely to occupy central positions in the network. Although the structure of the network suggests LGBT organizations are countering traditional, hegemonic lines of stratification, the instability of central position undermines widely held assumptions about the relationship between power and centrality within these networks.