bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomass and Rootstock Quality of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Saline Water Irrigated under Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Da Silva Evandro M. , Nobre Reginaldo G. , De Lima Geovani S. , Gheyi Hans R. , Souza Leandro De P. , Barbosa Joicy L. , Elias Jutahy J. , Pimenta Thiago A.
Published: October 2017

The increase in N concentration in the root zone of plants under saline conditions can inhibit the absorption of chloride and reduce the osmotic, toxic and nutritional effects caused by this ion. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate biomass and rootstock quality of guava. cv. Paluma irrigated with saline water under four N rates. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Center of Science and Agri-food Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG) at Pombal-PB, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized block with a 5 × 4 factorial arrangement. The treatments were levels of electrical conductivity of water - ECw (0.3. 1.1. 1.9. 2.7 and 3.5 dS m-1), with 70, 100, 130 and 160% of the N rate recommended for guava seedlings (541, 773, 1004.9 and 1236.8 mg N dm-3 of soil) and four replicates totaling 80 plots, each one with five plants. Salt stress caused by electrical conductivity of irrigation water of 1.4 dS m-1 onwards affected negatively the formation of phytomass of guava cv. Paluma rootstock, and this effect was mitigated on root dry matter and Dickson quality index by the increase in nitrogen rate up to 819.38 mg of N dm-3 of soil.
Characterisation of the Spectral-Temporal Pattern of the Crambe Crop Using Hyperspectral Sensors
Authors: Viana Octavio Henrique , Mercante Erivelto , Felipetto Henrique , Kusminski Douglas , Bleil Jr Helmuth Guilherme
Published: October 2017

Crambe is an oleaginous plant mainly cultivated in Brazil due to its oil characteristics that provide stability to oxidation, qualifying it for the use in a variety of products. Understanding the spectral-temporal pattern of the crambe crop is important to identify and quantify already cultivated areas via remote sensing. This study spectrally characterised the plant, seeking to relate the spectral pattern to the phenological stages of the crop throughout its development. The spectral information was obtained by passive terrestrial sensors in two harvests, thus generating a spectral-temporal pattern and the crambe temporal profile through the vegetation indices NDVI and SAVI. During the phenological stages of the seedling and the beginning of the vegetative growth, the red spectral band showed higher values of reflectance; this occurred because the crop had not yet completely covered the soil. Stages at the end of the vegetative growth and the beginning of the flowering, there was a higher reflectance in the near infrared and a lower reflectance in the mid-infrared. For the granulation and maturation stages, the reflectance in the mean and near infrared reduced due to leaf senescence and loss of cellular water content. The NDVI and SAVI temporal profiles demonstrate linear growth up to the vegetative peak, which occurs between the end of the phenological stage of the vegetative growth and the beginning of the flowering and highest amount of green biomass. At the beginning of grain formation and filling, yellowing of leaves and senescence, granulation and maturation stages, the values reduced.
Production of Hydroponic Lettuce under Different Salt Levels of Nutritive Solution
Authors: Basilio Guimarães Rafaela Felix , Nascimento Ronaldo Do , Melo Daniele Ferreira de , Ramos Jailton Garcia , Pereira Mariana de Oliveira , Cardoso José Alberto Ferreira , De Lima Sabrina Cordeiro
Published: October 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of salinity on the production of two cultivars of crisp lettuce under hydroponic cultivation. The research was performed in a protected environment at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), state of Paraíba, during in the period from 1 to 22 September 2016. The experimental design was completely randomized (CRD) which involved 4 × 2 factorial scheme with four levels of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution (1.6, 3.6, 5.6 and 7.6 dS m-1) and two lettuce cultivars, Valentina (C1) and Alcione (C2), that totalized 8 treatments with 3 replicates. The evaluated variables were fresh and dry biomass of leaves, stems and roots. The results were subjected to analysis of variance by F-test (p < 0.05), the averages were compared by Tukey’s test (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05), and quantitative variables data were submitted to regression test. It was observed that the fresh leaves biomass and fresh stem biomass were significantly affected by salinity in all evaluated periods. However, cultivar factor singly presented significant statistical difference only for fresh root biomass. There was statistical interaction between the factors at 15 DAT for dry leaves biomass and at 21 DAT for dry stem biomass. It was concluded that, although some variables were significantly affected by the salinity of the nutritive solution, the hydroponic lettuce production was satisfactory in NFT system for electrical conductivity up to 3.5 dS m-1 for variables with commercial relevance.
Agrophysical and Biological Properties of Drainage Soils in Land Reclamation
Authors: Mitrofanov Yu. I. , Rabinovich G. Yu.
Published: October 2017

This paper presents the results of the research carried out in the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands. It has been established that land improvement techniques increased the integral index of physical soil conditions from 0.41-0.60 to 0.80-0.86. The soil demonstrated a greater total number of microorganisms, as well as certain physiological groups such as actinomycetes, autochthonous and especially nitrogen-fixers; but the number of fungi and denitrifiers, as well as the fungi causing the Fusarium wilt of the plants, decreased.Average crops increase achieved with the help of deep reclaiming band tillage of drained gleyish soil to depth 50-60 cm was 9.0-24.1% in both wet and dry years. This land improvement technique effect lasts for two-three years or longer. The ridged plowing compared to the ordinary plowing raised the spring crops by 0.55-0.61 ton/ha (by 16.9-17.5%) without making any additional expenditures.
Intercropping of Cowpea with Eucalyptus in Northern Brazil
Authors: Santos Manoel Mota , Machado Filho Gilberto Coutinho , Prates Rogel Galvão , Aguiar Raimundo Wagner de Souza , Sakai Tania Rodrigues Peixoto , Rocha Weslany Silva , Fidelis Rodrigo Ribeiro
Published: October 2017

Intercropping consist in growing two or more species with different vegetative cycles and architectures, simultaneously cultivated in same field and same period of time, not necessarily having been sown at the same time. The objective of this study was to evaluate different populations of cowpea development intercropped with Eucalyptus, in order to determine the number of rows of cowpea generates higher grain productivity. This work was carried out at Universidade Federal do Tocantins, in Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil. The treatments were arranged for different densities of cowpea rows: eight rows, six rows, and four rows of cultivars BRS Nova Era and BRS Sempre Verde, also a control in conventional cropping. The cowpea sowing occurred after 12 months eucalyptus planting. The evaluated characteristics were Flowering (FLOW), Mass of 100 grain (GM), Number of grains per green pod (NGP), Chlorophyll Index (CI) and Grain yield (GY). The density of eight rows have obtained better results for most characteristics, being the density limiting factor for bean production could unfeasible the intercropping system. The BRS Nova Era responds better on most characteristics, probably for a better adaptation to the environment and hold superior characters than BRS Sempre Verde.
Initial Growth of Corn Using Human Urine, Cassava Wastewater and Cattle Manure as Source of Nutrients
Authors: Ramos J. G. , Lima Vera Lúcia Antunes de , Sena Leandro Fabrício , Araújo Narcísio Cabral de , Pereira Mariana De Oliveira , Pereira Márcia Cristina De Araújo , Borges Vitória Ediclécia
Published: October 2017

The present study aimed to analyze the initial growth of the corn hybrid AG 1051 cultivated in soil fertilized with human urine, cassava wastewater and cattle manure. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates and eight treatments: T1 (Control – without fertilization), T2 (HU – Human urine), T3 (CW – Cassava wastewater), T4 (BM – Cattle manure), T5 (BM + HU – Cattle manure + Human urine), T6 (BM + CW – Cattle manure + Cassava wastewater), T7 (HU + CW – Human urine + Cassava wastewater) and T8 (HU + CW + BM – Human urine + Cassava wastewater + Cattle manure). ESI (emergence speed index) and E% (emergence percentage) were determined by daily counting all seedlings emerged in a period of seven days and, at 15 DAS (days after sowing), plant height was measured. The use of cattle manure led to higher ESI and E% compared with the other treatments, as well as the variable plant height. For production variables, T5 caused highest increment in shoot dry phytomass and there were no significant differences between treatments for shoot dry phytomass. It was concluded that T4, T6 and T5 led to higher performance in the initial growth stage.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 9, No. 11
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: October 2017

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 9, No. 11, 2017.
Variability and Experimental Desing for Trials with Cucurbita pepo and Capsicum annuum
Authors: Lúcio Alessandro D. , Santos Daniel , Olivoto Tiago
Published: October 2017

The variability within rows of cultivation may reduce the accuracy of vegetables trails; however, little is known about this variability in protected environments. This study aimed at to assess the variability in greenhouses cultivated with Cucurbita pepo and Capsicum annuum and to verify the effect of borders use and plot size in minimizing this variability. Data from two uniformity trials each crop were used. For statistical analysis, the total of productivity by plant was used, considering the plants arranged in parallel crop rows the lateral openings of the greenhouse and the same plants arranged in columns perpendicular to these openings. Different scenarios were designed by excluding rows and columns to generate the borders in different plot sizes. For each scenario, a variance homogeneity test was performed among the remaining rows and columns and the variance and coefficient of variation were calculated. There is variability among rows and columns in trials with C. pepo and C. annuum in greenhouses and the use of borders does not bring benefits in terms of reduction of the coefficient of variation or reduction of cases of variances heterogeneity among rows or columns. The use of a plot size greater than or equal to or two plants for trials with C. pepo and ten plants for trials with C. annuum provides homogeneity of variances among rows and columns enabling the use of the completely randomized design.
A Comarca do rio Matarraña (Teruel, Espanha): um exemplo de integração regional e modelo de governança para o desenvolvimento do turismo sustentável / The Shire of Matarraña river (Teruel, Spain): an example of regional integration and governance (...)
Authors: Veiga Carlos Veloso , Casajus-Murillo Lourdes , Fons Victoria Sanagustin
Published: October 2017

 

A Comarca do rio Matarraña, na região de Aragão (Espanha), é um modelo de referência, exemplo de boas práticas para o desenvolvimento socioeconómico do turismo com base em critérios de sustentabilidade e governança participativa. O rio Matarraña, considerado um rio paisagístico, e um dos mais bem preservados da Europa, tornou-se um eixo fundamental do referido modelo de desenvolvimento territorial. Face ao conflito social dos anos noventa do século passado, cuja origem foi a água, entendida como um recurso natural essencial, iniciou-se um processo participativo no qual colaboram atores sociais, económicos e políticos. Na sua análise, usou-se um método indutivo e, para além da análise de documentos, foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com informantes-chave, para compreender o compromisso com esse modelo, o contexto geográfico, a emergência de novos valores e expectativas sobre o território e uma visão positiva do futuro da Comarca.

 

Palavras–chave: Desenvolvimento do turismo sustentável; governança participativa; integração regional.

 

Abstract

The Shire of Matarraña river, in the region of Aragon (Spain), is a reference model that is an example of good practice for socio-economic development of tourism based on sustainability and participatory governance criteria. The Matarraña river, considered a scenic river, and one of the best preserved in Europe, has become a fundamental basis of said territorial development model. As a result of the social conflict that occurred during the nineties, which origined from the fact that water started being considered an essential natural resource, a participatory process began in which collaborated social, economic and political actors. To analyse it, we used, in addition to document analysis, an inductive method and conducted extensive interviews with relevant informants to understand their commitment to this model, the geographical context, and the emergence of new values and expectations on the territory and positive views of its future.

 

Keywords: sustainable tourism development; participatory governance; regional integration
Metadiscurso na perspectiva de Hyland: definições, modelos de categorização e possíveis contribuições
Authors: Silva Adriana da
Published: October 2017

Metadiscurso é um campo de estudo que recebeu muita atenção em diferentes áreas do estudo da linguagem a partir de diferentes perspectivas teóricas e pode ser considerado como a corporificação das relações de interação entre interlocutores através do texto. Pensando nas dificuldades de definição do termo metadiscurso e na barreira da língua, este artigo tem a intenção de apresentar as definições comumente usadas, indicar alguns modelos ou quadros teóricos que trabalham com esse conceito e indicar possíveis aplicações desses estudos. Apresentam-se algumas perspectivas teóricas e práticas no estudo dessa temática e pretende oferecer subsídio para futuras pesquisas em diferentes esferas sociais.
A produção textual na esfera acadêmica: desafios concernentes ao ato de dizer materializados em gêneros do discurso secundários
Authors: Mossmann Suziane Da Silva , Cerutti-Rizzatti Mary Elizabeth
Published: October 2017

Este artigo discute desafios atinentes aos usos da escrita materializados em gêneros do discurso da esfera acadêmica, considerando a participação de graduandos do curso de Letras Português da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina na disciplina de Produção Textual. A fundamentação teórica articula concepções de língua, sujeito e texto ancoradas na ótica bakhtiniana, vigotskiana e do letramento (CERUTTI-RIZZATTI; MOSSMANN, IRIGOITE, 2013). Quanto à metodologia, caracteriza-se como estudo de caso tipo etnográfico (ANDRÉ, 2008). Sobre inteligibilidades, enfatiza-se a tensão da constituição dos participantes em relação às demandas acadêmicas para a produção textual, especialmente, quanto às especificidades intersubjetivas/intrassubjetivas do dizer acadêmico.Palavras-chave: Produção Textual Acadêmica. Esfera Acadêmica. Eventos e Práticas de Letramento. Simpósio Conceitual.
Temáticas como estratégias discursivas de legitimação social em programas televisivos brasileiros
Authors: Bentes Anna Christina
Published: October 2017

Nosso trabalho tem como principal objetivo mostrar, a partir de análises previamente realizadas, o papel das configurações temáticas de dois programas televisivos brasileiros, de forma a compreender os efeitos de legitimação social que esse recurso discursivo produz quando colocado em uso. Ao observarmos as temáticas mais gerais de dois programas, concluímos que estas constituem-se em estratégias discursivas que auxiliam na promoção e legitimação das posições de determinados atores sociais no campo midiático brasileiro.
A oralidade na escola: um (longo) percurso a ser trilhado
Authors: Negreiros Gil , Boas Gislaine Vilas
Published: October 2017

No âmbito educacional brasileiro, torna-se essencial à escola a formação desujeitos bem articulados com a língua, seja na modalidade escrita, seja na modalidade oral. Nesse sentido, busca-se, a partir desta reflexão científica, uma ressignificação do trabalho docente no que tange às práticas desenvolvidas com a oralidade na escola. Por isso, os objetivos deste artigo são discutir as necessidades sócio-políticas necessárias para um ensino qualitativo, baseado em uma vertente textual, discursiva e interacional, de oralidade no âmbito das aulas de língua portuguesa, além de apresentar algumas competências docentes que devem ser aprimoradas e que podem garantir maior segurança e assertividade no tratamento da oralidade na escola.
Function of attachment hierarchies in young adults experiencing the transition from university
Authors: Scharfe Elaine , Pitman Robyn , Cole Valerie
Published: October 2017

An important cornerstone of Bowlby’s attachment theory (1969/1997) is the proposal that moving away from parents and toward peers is an indication of healthy development. In this study, we explored the benefit of the shift, not the shift itself, in a sample of emerging adults experiencing a stressful life event (i.e., the transition from university). Although the shift from parents to peers is an important cornerstone of Bowlby’s theory, this study is one of the first to test the differential effects of parent and peer networks on adjustment. In this longitudinal study, 73 participants completed surveys to assess attachment, social networks, and distress one month before completing their undergraduate degree and 6 months later. We found that participants experiencing the transition from university, who chose a peer as the first person in their network, tended to report stable scores over time whereas participants who chose a family member reported more variable scores. Interestingly, the direction of change was not different for the groups, just the magnitude of change. Furthermore, the difference in adjustment was not found when we compared the groups using the percent hierarchy method highlighting that there is a benefit of exploring primary attachment relationships when examining the influence of networks on adjustment.
Ambivalent sexism as a mediator for sex role orientation and gender stereotypes in romantic relationships: A study in Turkey
Authors: Curun Ferzan , Taysi Ebru , Orcan Fatih
Published: October 2017

The present study examined the mediating effects of ambivalent sexism (hostile and benevolent) in the relationship between sex role orientation (masculinity and femininity) and gender stereotypes (dominance and assertiveness) in college students. The variables were measured using the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI), and the Attitudes toward Gender Stereotypes in Romantic Relationships Scale (AGSRRS). These inventories were administered to 250 undergraduate students at Istanbul University in Istanbul and Suleyman Demirel University in Isparta, Turkey. Results indicate that benevolent sexism mediates the relationship between hostile sexism and male dominance. Benevolent sexism also mediates femininity and male dominance, as well as femininity and male assertiveness. Hostile sexism was mediated only between the masculine personality trait and benevolent sexism. The present findings expand the literature on sex role orientation by revealing evidence that masculine and feminine individuals experience ambivalent sexism distinctively. The results are discussed in terms of the assumptions of sex role orientation, ambivalent sexism, and gender stereotypes.
Capacity for empathy and emotional contagion in those with psychopathic personalities
Authors: Luckhurst Cherie , Hatfield Elaine , Gelvin-Smith Claire
Published: October 2017

People with psychopathic traits are sometimes adept at recognizing the emotions of others and using this knowledge in anti-social ways. However, data from incarcerated psychopaths suggest that they are incapable of true empathy. In this paper, we describe three studies that link psychopathic personality to emotional contagion and empathy, and we offer suggestions for reconciling the seemingly conflicting data. While most studies of psychopathic personality assess incarcerated respondents, the resulting data may not be generalizable to non-criminals; participants in these studies were recruited from the general population. The research confirms that empathy and emotional contagion are positively correlated and that each is negatively correlated with psychopathy, as expected. Unique to these studies is the finding that, when instructed, those with psychopathic traits can easily “catch” the emotions of others via the steps of the emotional contagion pathway, thus implying their capacity for empathy. However, without instruction, those with psychopathic traits did not automatically catch others’ emotions.
Analysis of the Psychoeducational Intervention Models in Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Rúa Manuel Ojea
Published: October 2017

This research consists of a comparative analysis of the results obtained in the development of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) found as a consequence of the application of three basic models of educational guidance: 1) the social mediation model; 2) the counselling model; and 3) the service model, delivered through services developed over three years, distributed across three experimental groups corresponding to each of these guidance models.
A total of N: 18 students with ASD of different levels, ages and genders have participated in the study, assigned to one of the three following groups: a social mediation model group, a counselling model group and a services model group.
Study of the data was undertaken by analysing the multivariate contrasts of repeated measures ANOVA for a factor of three measures, both for the variable group types (three groups), as well as for the participants’ level, age and gender variables. The results show the statistically significant benefits of the social mediation model.
Issues of Gender & Sexuality in Special Needs Children: Keeping Students with Autism & Learning Disability Safe at School
Authors: Lawson Wenn B.
Published: October 2017

The following paper addresses some of the issues presented by students with Special Needs, (especially autism) at school. It particularly focusses upon sexuality and gender. For example, autism and gender dysphoria appear to co-occur more often than in typically developing students. However, these young people may not understand how their reality translates to living within the public arena. This is also true of sexuality. Acceptance, understanding and accommodation of these students needs to inform our measures for keeping safe at school; this is of utmost priority.
Access to Preventive Health Services of People with Intellectual Disability in Italy
Authors: Rosano Aldo , Battisti Alessandra
Published: October 2017

People with intellectual disabilities today have an high life expectancy, routine screening and preventive services are essential to their overall quality of care. We used the 2012-2013 Italian National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to examine screening and preventive service use for persons with intellectual disability. We estimated about 953 thousand people with intellectual disability, 58% of which are female and the 59% are over 65 years. Their quality of life, in terms of physical and mental status, was significant lower than general population. Intellectually disabled women generally reported screening and preventive services at lower as compared to women without intellectual disability: the risk of not attending a Pap smear test in a due time, in terms of odds ratio, was 4.5 (95% confidence interval, 3.6-5.7), as for mammography was 2.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.8-3.2). The risk of not attending colorectal screening was also significant, even if lower than female screening, (OR: 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.0). Various approaches can be adopted to improve access for intellectually disabled persons to preventive health care services.
Accompagner les familles migrantes en situation irrégulière
Authors: Ballière Frédéric
Published: October 2017

Depuis maintenant plusieurs décennies, les transformations de l’État providence associées à une précarisation croissante de la société ont profondément redessiné les contours du travail social. Ces évolutions exposent les professionnels concernés à des difficultés nouvelles qui mettent en tension la dimension éthique de leurs interventions. L’accompagnement des familles migrantes en situation irrégulière est particulièrement concerné par ces enjeux. À partir d’une enquête sociologique réalisée dans une association assurant l’hébergement de ces familles, cet article expose les limites d’une forme d’action sociale qui consiste à venir en aide à une population à laquelle on refuse le droit de séjourner en France. Ce mandat, pour le moins paradoxal, soumet les intervenants à des contradictions fortes qui les amènent à repenser les modalités de leur engagement auprès du public. Au croisement d’enjeux politiques, éthiques et institutionnels se dessine alors une nouvelle économie morale de l’intervention sociale, à l’aune de laquelle se construit le sens de l’action et se recompose la pratique professionnelle.
L’éthique de l’intervention face à la pluralité des moralités et aux rapports de pouvoir
Authors: Massé Raymond
Published: October 2017

Toute éthique de l’intervention doit reconnaître qu’il n’existe rien comme « la » morale portée par une communauté morale homogène dans une société donnée,a fortioridans les sociétés pluralistes contemporaines. Cet article propose, dans un premier temps, que la complexité de l’analyse en éthique des interventions sociales découle de l’existence d’une pluralité de « moralités » (ex. : religieuses, institutionnelles, professionnelles, de sens commun), qui chacune propose des guides pour l’action morale susceptible d’entrer en conflit. En est mise en évidence une dimension politique de toute éthique : ces moralités sont portées par des groupes sociaux et ethniques inscrits dans des rapports asymétriques de pouvoir. Toute éthique de l’intervention devra être consciente du fait que le poids des valeurs et des normes morales soumises à l’arbitrage de l’intervenant dépend moins de leur valeur intrinsèque que du pouvoir de ceux qui en font la promotion. Il dépend aussi du processus sociohistorique de moralisation des habitudes de vie conduisant parfois à la stigmatisation des populations vulnérables, parfois à des croisades morales. L’une des responsabilités de toute éthique est donc de procéder à une analyse critique du poids accordé aux divers discours moraux inscrits dans ces rapports de force au sein des moralités et entre chacune d’elles. Il en va de même, particulièrement, pour les moralités ethniques et la question du respect des traditions.
L’intervention éthique en santé
Authors: Aiguier Grégory , Loute Alain
Published: October 2017

Le champ sanitaire et médico-social connaît actuellement de profonds bouleversements. Le soin n’est plus seulement une pratique thérapeutique. Dans un contexte de renforcement de la valeur d’autonomie et de participation sociale des acteurs, il est aussi porteur d’une dimension sociale et politique. D’où un recours aujourd’hui à la notion d’empowermentpour qualifier la visée des pratiques en santé. Cet article s’interroge sur lavisée éthiquedu soin induite par cette dynamique d’empowerment. Il cherche également à analyser l’évolution de ladémarche éthiqueet à questionner le renouvellement des modalités d’intervention en éthique du soin, que les auteurs proposent de concevoir comme démarche de capacitation des acteurs et des organisations.
L’éthique clinique comme expérience démocratique ?
Authors: Le Berre Rozenn , Lancelle Alice
Published: October 2017

L’objectif de cette étude est d’interroger les enjeux épistémologiques et méthodologiques de l’intervention en éthique. La réflexion s’ancre dans le suivi d’un groupe d’éthique clinique dans un service de réanimation adulte. L’expérience que nous proposons de relater ici part d’un constat d’« échec » quant aux attendus de l’éthique clinique comme méthode d’intervention. L’hypothèse que nous soutenons est celle d’une problématisation nécessaire de la démarche, notamment à la lumière d’une forme de décalage entre l’idéal de délibération collective propre à la méthode d’éthique clinique et la conflictualité du soin.
Innovation et travail
Authors: Lord Marie-Michèle , Therriault Pierre-Yves , Desrosiers Lyne , Aubin Ginette , Carbonneau Hélène
Published: October 2017

Le secteur de la santé et des services sociaux est traversé par une forte dynamique d’innovation. Cet article propose une réflexion sur les nouveaux enjeux qui émergent en contexte d’innovation pour les intervenants sociaux oeuvrant dans ce secteur. Pour ce faire, les résultats d’une étude qualitative portant sur le vécu au travail d’intervenants sociaux d’un service de soutien à domicile suite à l’implantation d’une innovation sont présentés. Il sera alors possible de constater que l’innovation a un impact sur les travailleurs, entre autres en modifiant leurs sources de plaisir et de souffrances au travail.
Traiter les intraitables
Authors: Otero Marcelo
Published: October 2017

Lorsqu’il s’agit d’associer des comportements problématiques à l’univers de la santé mentale afin de légitimer une intervention sécuritaire, thérapeutique ou sociale, deux dispositifs psychiatrico-légaux sont en vigueur au Québec : la Loi P-38 (garde en établissement et évaluation psychiatrique) et les autorisations judiciaires de soins (traitement involontaire). Cet article explore et documente de manière descriptive l’univers peu connu des autorisations judiciaires de soins (AJS) à travers l’analyse de 230 dossiers des personnes qui en ont été l’objet au cours de l’année 2009 à Montréal. Les AJS permettent de traiter une personne contre son gré par le biais d’une ordonnance d’un juge en raison de l’existence d’un danger présumé pour la personne ou pour les autres et de l’incapacité de cette dernière de faire preuve d’un consentement éclairé. Comment fonctionne ce dispositif ? Qui sont les personnes touchées ? Quel est leur environnement social ? De quel type de problèmes de santé mentale ces personnes souffrent-elles et quel type de traitement sont-elles obligées de suivre ? Quels problèmes éthiques soulève le recours à ce type de dispositif ? Voilà les questions auxquelles cet article tente de répondre.
Un análisis de los recursos didácticos empleados para el aprendizaje del tiempo histórico en los libros de texto de Educación Primaria
Authors: López Díaz Alicia , Llull Peñalba Josué
Published: October 2017

La comprensión del tiempo es un requisito esencial para pensar históricamente. Sin embargo, la percepción infantil genera una serie de dificultades de aprendizaje que deben tratarse adecuadamente. En este artículo se hace una revisión de los aspectos teóricos relativos a la enseñanza del tiempo histórico. A continuación, se propone una herramienta de análisis de los contenidos relacionados con las nociones temporales y los recursos didácticos utilizados en los libros de texto de Educación Primaria. Finalmente, se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras la aplicación de dicha herramienta en una selección de libros de texto. Como conclusión, se demuestra la necesidad de complementar la utilización de los libros de texto con otros recursos didácticos.
Localised dynactin protects growing microtubules to deliver oskar mRNA to the posterior cortex of the Drosophila oocyte
Authors: Nieuwburg Ross , Nashchekin Dmitry , Jakobs Maximilian , Carter Andrew P , Khuc Trong Philipp , Goldstein Raymond E , St Johnston Daniel
Published: October 2017

The localisation of oskar mRNA to the posterior of the Drosophila oocyte defines where the abdomen and germ cells form in the embryo. Kinesin 1 transports oskar mRNA to the oocyte posterior along a polarised microtubule cytoskeleton that grows from non-centrosomal microtubule organising centres (ncMTOCs) along the anterior/lateral cortex. Here, we show that the formation of this polarised microtubule network also requires the posterior regulation of microtubule growth. A missense mutation in the dynactin Arp1 subunit causes most oskar mRNA to localise in the posterior cytoplasm rather than cortically. oskar mRNA transport and anchoring are normal in this mutant, but the microtubules fail to reach the posterior pole. Thus, dynactin acts as an anti-catastrophe factor that extends microtubule growth posteriorly. Kinesin 1 transports dynactin to the oocyte posterior, creating a positive feedback loop that increases the length and persistence of the posterior microtubules that deliver oskar mRNA to the cortex.
En la vida teníh que luchar para salir adelante”. Variación pragmático-discursiva y sociolingüística en los usos no deícticos de la segunda persona del singular en el español de Chile
Authors:   Astorga Universidad Católica de Temuco (Chile), Pulido Astorga Paulina , Rivadeneira Valenzuela Marcela ,   Universidad Católica de Temuco (Chile)
Published: October 2017

En este artículo se presenta un análisis de los usos no deícticos de la segunda persona del singular en el español de Chile1. Para ello, se trabajó con un corpus exploratorio de habla semi-espontánea correspondiente a entrevistas sociolingüísticas. En este contexto, el objetivo principal de la investigación es analizar los usos no deícticos de la segunda persona del singular en función de aspectos estilísticos, para lo cual se propone una clasificación prag-mático-discursiva que se relaciona con variables lingüísticas y extralingüísticas. En concreto, se distinguen cuatro tipologías no deícticas: a) generalización, b) generalización focalizada, c) desfocalización inclusiva y d) encubrimiento del yo, las que se examinan en función de la forma de tratamiento utilizada y del factor social de sexo. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos en el plano de la variación sociolingüística y morfosintáctica, se observa que son los hombres los que más utilizan la segunda persona no deíctica, especialmente con formas de voseo, mientras que las mujeres lo emplean mayoritariamente con formas de tuteo. Se constata, de igual forma, que las categorías no deícticas más utilizadas corresponden a la generalización y generalización focalizada, en tanto estrategias que buscan crear un efecto estilístico de empatía hacia el interlocutor, especialmente en aquellos usos asociados al voseo. Se considera, en este sentido, que cada una de las categorías propuestas representa una estrategia pragmático-discursiva específica que se proyecta hacia el plano de la variación estilística, entendiéndose esta no solo por el grado de formalidad de un enunciado, sino como opción lingüística de los hablantes.
La argumentación por consecuencias en el debate legislativo chileno: preguntas críticas para evaluar su suficiencia
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Ihnen Jory Constanza
Published: October 2017

La argumentación por consecuencias ocupa un lugar central en la justificación y el examen crítico de los proyectos de ley. Con el propósito de contribuir al proceso de evaluación ex ante de la ley en Chile, este artículo propone herramientas para analizar y evaluar las argumentaciones por consecuencias presentadas en la discusión general de un proyecto de ley. La teoría pragma-dialéctica de la argumentación y la lógica informal sirven de marco teórico para el diseño de las herramientas. La herramienta de análisis consiste en un esquema argumentativo para identificar argumentos por consecuencias en el discurso legislativo y reconstruir premisas implícitas. La herramienta de evaluación es un conjunto de preguntas críticas para determinar la calidad —específicamente, la suficiencia— de una argumentación por conse-cuencias en el contexto de la “discusión general” de un proyecto.
La “Conquista Espiritual del Reino de Chile”, de Diego de Rosales, como fuente para el estudio de la morfosintaxis del español de Chile colonial
Authors:   Universidad Austral de Chile, Contreras Seitz Manuel Eduardo
Published: October 2017

El texto de la “Conquista Espiritual del Reino de Chile”, del jesuita Diego de Rosales, es un do-cumento que no sólo relata las particulares circunstancias de la vida de diversos religiosos de la Orden (Hermanos y Sacerdotes), sino que además se constituye como un texto referencial en cuanto a la propia manifestación discursiva, a la tipología textual y a la caracterización del español de Chile de la época. Cabe señalar que, si bien estamos en presencia de un religioso destacado de una Orden característicamente muy bien representada, entre otras cosas, en lo lingüístico-cultural, el texto que estudiamos, desde esta perspectiva, está más bien alejado de esos estándares y más cercano a lo que hemos podido observar en otra documentación, de variada naturaleza, en el Reino de Chile, durante el período colonial. En este artículo presentaremos los aspectos más relevantes en cuanto a la sintaxis de palabras, las construcciones sintácticas y la flexión verbal, de acuerdo a una caracterización morfosintáctica previa, que servirá de marco teórico inicial, la cual ha sido citada en Contreras (2009) y servirá como matriz de rasgos.En relación con la primera, la matriz contempla la caracterización de sustantivos (géneros, sufijaciones), adjetivos (superlativos, sufijaciones), preposiciones, adverbios, determinantes (artículos), uso de los pronombres (orden de los pronombres átonos, pronombres relativos), así como el leísmo, laísmo y loísmo. Por otra parte, en cuanto al segundo aspecto, considerará los aspectos de la construcción del sintagma nominal, de la transitividad e intransitividad, las formaciones pasivas, las construcciones con “se”, subordinación, predicación, negación y construcción del sintagma verbal. Por último, en cuanto a la flexión verbal, el empleo de los tiempos verbales, el uso de verbos específicos, relación tiempo verbal/sintaxis oracional, complementos adverbiales temporales, uso de verbos auxiliares y de formas no personales del verbo.
Variación pragmático-discursiva de la segunda persona del singular en el español de Chile: una propuesta de análisis multifuncional
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Temuco (Chile), Rivadeneira Valenzuela Marcela J. L. , Mondaca Becerra Lissette ,   Universidad Católica de Temuco (Chile), Pulido Astorga Paulina ,   Universidad Católica de Temuco (Chile), Barra Pereira Karen ,   Universidad Católica de Temuco (Chile)
Published: October 2017

El paradigma de la segunda persona del singular en Chile presenta tres formas de tratamiento: el tuteo, el voseo y el ustedeo, todos parte de un complejo sistema que es distintivo dentro del mundo hispanohablante (Benavides, 2003). Además de los aspectos morfosintácticos, desde el plano de la variación lingüística es interesante destacar el empleo del sistema pronominal para transmitir funciones comunicativas específicas. En este sentido, el objetivo principal del presente estudio es analizar los distintos usos pragmático-discursivos de la segunda persona de singular en el español de Chile. Para ello, se propone una categorización en la que se distinguen distintas funciones: a) tratamiento directo (uso deíctico tradicional), b) usos no deícticos, c) discurso referido y d) marcadores discursivos. Con el fin de llevar a cabo un análisis integral, se han relacionado las variables recién descritas y los tratamientos prono-minales según el factor morfosintáctico. En cuanto al corpus, hemos utilizado datos orales correspondientes a entrevistas sociolingüísticas. Nuestros resultados indican que las catego-rías aquí planteadas representan de manera adecuada el carácter multifuncional del sistema de segunda persona, el cual es utilizado por los hablantes como estrategia estilística para dotar a los enunciados de valores comunicativos específicos, valores que trascienden el saber personal y proyectan un conocimiento colectivo acerca de las normas sociales de la lengua.
Estudio contrastivo de la norma culta de tres ciudades peninsulares. Análisis del campo semántico de la vivienda
Authors:   Universidad de Granada (España), Fernández de Molina Ortés Elena
Published: October 2017

En esta investigación se presenta un estudio contrastivo del léxico de la vivienda en tres áreas urbanas peninsulares: Madrid, Sevilla y Mérida, a partir de los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación del Cuestionario para el estudio de la norma culta de España e Hispanoaméricapara conocer cuáles son las semejanzas y las diferencias del léxico activo de los hablantes de estas tres ciudades desde un punto de vista geolingüístico y diacrónico.
Effect of Unsaturated Flow Modes on Partitioning Dynamics of Gravity‐Driven Flow at a Simple Fracture Intersection: Laboratory Study and Three‐Dimensional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Simulations
Authors: Kordilla Jannes , Noffz Torsten , Dentz Marco , Geyer Tobias , Tartakovsky Alexandre M.
Published: October 2017

In this work, we study gravity‐driven flow of water in the presence of air on a synthetic surface intersected by a horizontal fracture and investigate the importance of droplet and rivulet flow modes on the partitioning behavior at the fracture intersection. We present laboratory experiments, three‐dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations using a heavily parallelized code, and a theoretical analysis. The flow‐rate‐dependent mode switching from droplets to rivulets is observed in experiments and reproduced by the SPH model, and the transition ranges agree in SPH simulations and laboratory experiments. We show that flow modes heavily influence the “bypass” behavior of water flowing along a fracture junction. Flows favoring the formation of droplets exhibit a much stronger bypass capacity compared to rivulet flows, where nearly the whole fluid mass is initially stored within the horizontal fracture. The effect of fluid buffering within the horizontal fracture is presented in terms of dimensionless fracture inflow so that characteristic scaling regimes can be recovered. For both cases (rivulets and droplets), the flow within the horizontal fracture transitions into a Washburn regime until a critical threshold is reached and the bypass efficiency increases. For rivulet flows, the initial filling of the horizontal fracture is described by classical plug flow. Meanwhile, for droplet flows, a size‐dependent partitioning behavior is observed, and the filling of the fracture takes longer. For the case of rivulet flow, we provide an analytical solution that demonstrates the existence of classical Washburn flow within the horizontal fracture.
Comparing Approaches to Deal With Non‐Gaussianity of Rainfall Data in Kriging‐Based Radar‐Gauge Rainfall Merging
Authors: Cecinati F. , Wani O. , Rico‐Ramirez M. A.
Published: October 2017

Merging radar and rain gauge rainfall data is a technique used to improve the quality of spatial rainfall estimates and in particular the use of Kriging with External Drift (KED) is a very effective radar‐rain gauge rainfall merging technique. However, kriging interpolations assume Gaussianity of the process. Rainfall has a strongly skewed, positive, probability distribution, characterized by a discontinuity due to intermittency. In KED rainfall residuals are used, implicitly calculated as the difference between rain gauge data and a linear function of the radar estimates. Rainfall residuals are non‐Gaussian as well. The aim of this work is to evaluate the impact of applying KED to non‐Gaussian rainfall residuals, and to assess the best techniques to improve Gaussianity. We compare Box‐Cox transformations with λ parameters equal to 0.5, 0.25, and 0.1, Box‐Cox with time‐variant optimization of λ, normal score transformation, and a singularity analysis technique. The results suggest that Box‐Cox with λ = 0.1 and the singularity analysis is not suitable for KED. Normal score transformation and Box‐Cox with optimized λ, or λ = 0.25 produce satisfactory results in terms of Gaussianity of the residuals, probability distribution of the merged rainfall products, and rainfall estimate quality, when validated through cross‐validation. However, it is observed that Box‐Cox transformations are strongly dependent on the temporal and spatial variability of rainfall and on the units used for the rainfall intensity. Overall, applying transformations results in a quantitative improvement of the rainfall estimates only if the correct transformations for the specific data set are used.
Understanding Copper Isotope Behavior in the High Temperature Magmatic‐Hydrothermal Porphyry Environment
Authors: Gregory Melissa J. , Mathur Ryan
Published: October 2017

Copper stable isotope geochemistry has the potential to constrain aspects of ore deposit formation once variations in the isotopic data can be related to the physiochemical conditions during metal deposition. This study presents Cu isotope ratios for samples from the Pebble porphyry Cu‐Au‐Mo deposit in Alaska. The δ65Cu values for hypogene copper sulfides range from −2.09‰ to 1.11‰ and show linear correlations with the δ18O isotope ratios calculated for the fluid in equilibrium with the hydrothermal alteration minerals in each sample. Samples with sodic‐potassic, potassic, and illite alteration display a negative linear correlation between the Cu and O isotope results. This suggests that fractionation of Cu isotopes between the fluid and precipitating chalcopyrite is positive as the hydrothermal fluid is evolving from magmatic to mixed magmatic‐meteoric compositions. Samples with advanced argillic alteration display a weak positive linear correlation between Cu and O isotope results consistent with small negative fluid‐chalcopyrite Cu isotope fractionation during fluid evolution. The hydrothermal fluids that formed sodic‐potassic, potassic, and illite alteration likely transported Cu as CuHS0. Hydrothermal fluids that resulted in advanced argillic alteration likely transport Cu as
. The pH conditions also control Cu isotope fractionation, consistent with previous experimental work. Larger fractionation factors were found between fluids and chalcopyrite precipitating under neutral conditions contrasting with small fractionation factors calculated between fluids and chalcopyrite precipitating under acidic conditions. Therefore, this study proposes that hydrothermal fluid compositions and pH conditions are related to Cu isotope variations in high temperature magmatic‐hydrothermal deposits.
MeBo70 Seabed Drilling on a Polar Continental Shelf: Operational Report and Lessons From Drilling in the Amundsen Sea Embayment of West Antarctica
Authors: Gohl K. , Freudenthal T. , Hillenbrand C.‐D. , Klages J. , Larter R. , Bickert T. , Bohaty S. , Ehrmann W. , Esper O. , Frederichs T. , Gebhardt C. , Küssner K. , Kuhn G. , Pälike H. , Ronge T. , Simões Pereira P. , Smith J. , Uenzelmann‐Neben G. , van de Flierdt C. ,   the Science Team of Expedition PS104
Published: October 2017

A multibarrel seabed drill rig was used for the first time to drill unconsolidated sediments and consolidated sedimentary rocks from an Antarctic shelf with core recoveries between 7% and 76%. We deployed the MARUM‐MeBo70 drill device at nine drill sites in the Amundsen Sea Embayment. Three sites were located on the inner shelf of Pine Island Bay from which soft sediments, presumably deposited at high sedimentation rates in isolated small basins, were recovered from drill depths of up to 36 m below seafloor. Six sites were located on the middle shelf of the eastern and western embayment. Drilling at five of these sites recovered consolidated sediments and sedimentary rocks from dipping strata spanning ages from Cretaceous to Miocene. This report describes the initial coring results, the challenges posed by drifting icebergs and sea ice, and technical issues related to deployment of the MeBo70. We also present recommendations for similar future drilling campaigns on polar continental shelves.