bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of the Structural Performance of Flexible Pavements Using Traffic Speed Deflectometer
Authors: Manoharan S. , Chai G. , Chowdhury S. , Golding A.
Published: November 2017

The falling weight deflectometer (FWD) is a non-destructive testing device that has been used by many road agencies worldwide since 1980 for structural evaluation of flexible pavements. In early 2000, the world first Doppler laser-based traffic speed deflectometer (TSD) was developed by Greenwood Engineering, and now eight TSD vehicles are in use worldwide. The two main advantages of the TSD technology are: (a) the ability to carry out continuous bearing capacity measurements instead of discrete points, (b) that testing can be carried out at traffic speeds without the need for lane closures with a stationary device such as FWD. The objective of this paper was to study the structural performance of flexible pavements using TSD deflection data. The study successfully established a correlation between maximum deflections TSD-D0 and FWD-D0 that are derived from the two devices. This study also drew some interesting conclusions in that deflection data collected by TSD could be transformed to FWD equivalent structural numbers with simple models as derived in the study. The outcome of this study was an established methodology for reporting structural performance at network level utilizing TSD deflection data.
Evaluation of Nondestructiveness of Resonant Column Testing for Characterization of Asphalt Concrete Properties
Authors: Tavassoti-Kheiry P. , Boz I. , Solaimanian M. , Qiu T.
Published: November 2017

The resonant column (RC) test has been used as a nondestructive test (NDT) to study dynamic properties of soils for the past few decades. With some modifications, this test can also be employed to characterize properties of asphalt concrete, especially because these properties are strongly dependent on the loading frequency. A conventional RC apparatus was retrofitted to characterize asphalt concrete properties at a range of temperatures from 10°C to 45°C. The RC test is believed to be nondestructive for most soils; however, this must be verified in case of testing asphalt concrete, especially at elevated temperatures. For this purpose, the impact resonance (IR) test, as a purely NDT tool, was used to check the integrity of asphalt concrete specimens before and after RC testing. The modulus values measured before and after RC tests, at each of the testing temperatures, were compared to evaluate the nondestructiveness of RC testing. Strain levels were also monitored to ensure that the material remained within the linear elastic range through the tests. The results show that the specimens exhibited the same modulus before and after RC testing over the full range of temperature and frequency sweep tests.
Cavitation in Rolling Contact Bearings
Authors: Meged Y.
Published: November 2017

The service life of a single rolling contact bearing (RCB) cannot be predicted, due to the large scatter in bearing life. However, the service life of a group of identical bearings tested under identical conditions follows a typical pattern. Many theories that were established to describe this pattern are based on failure caused by fatigue due to cyclic loading. This loading causes high stresses and subsurface cracks. The cracks propagate and, once they reach the surface, cause bearing failure. These theories focus on the rolling elements and disregard the lubricant. This study is concerned with the failure mechanism caused by cavitation of the lubricant and presents its significant role in RCB failure. Both mechanisms act simultaneously and impose synergistic effects. It is therefore recommended to combine these theories into a unified concept.
Deficiency of the Thyroid Hormone Transporter Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 in Neural Progenitors Impairs Cellular Processes Crucial for Early Corticogenesis
Authors: Vancamp Pieter , Deprez Marie-Anne , Remmerie Michiel , Darras Veerle M.
Published: November 2017

Thyroid hormones (THs) are essential for establishing layered brain structures, a process called corticogenesis, by acting on transcriptional activity of numerous genes. In humans, deficiency of the monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8), involved in cellular uptake of THs before their action, results in severe neurological abnormalities, known as the Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome. While the brain lesions predominantly originate prenatally, it remains unclear how and when exactly MCT8 dysfunction affects cellular processes crucial for corticogenesis. We investigated this by inducingin vivoRNAi vector-based knockdown of MCT8 in neural progenitors of the chicken optic tectum, a layered structure that shares many developmental features with the mammalian cerebral cortex. MCT8 knockdown resulted in cellular hypoplasia and a thinner optic tectum. This could be traced back to disrupted cell-cycle kinetics and a premature shift to asymmetric cell divisions impairing progenitor cell pool expansion. Birth-dating experiments confirmed diminished neurogenesis in the MCT8-deficient cell population as well as aberrant migration of both early-born and late-born neuroblasts, which could be linked to reduced reelin signaling and disorganized radial glial cell fibers. Impaired neurogenesis resulted in a reduced number of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, but the latter additionally showed decreased differentiation. Moreover, an accompanying reduction in untransfected GABAergic neurons suggests hampered intercellular communication. These results indicate that MCT8-dependent TH uptake in the neural progenitors is essential for early events in corticogenesis, and help to understand the origin of the problems in cortical development and function in Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome patients.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThyroid hormones (THs) are essential to establish the stereotypical layered structure of the human forebrain during embryonic development. Before their action on gene expression, THs require cellular uptake, a process facilitated by the TH transporter monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8). We investigated how and when dysfunctional MCT8 can induce brain lesions associated with the Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome, characterized by psychomotor retardation. We used the layered chicken optic tectum to model cortical development, and induced MCT8 deficiency in neural progenitors. Impaired cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation resulted in an underdeveloped optic tectum and a severe reduction in nerve cells. Our data underline the need for MCT8-dependent TH uptake in neural progenitors and stress the importance of local TH action in early development.
Changes in regional body fat, lean body mass and body shape in trans persons using cross-sex hormonal therapy: results from a multicenter prospective study
Authors: Klaver M , de Blok C J M , Wiepjes C M , Nota N M , Dekker M J H J , de Mutsert R , Schreiner T , Fisher A D , T’Sjoen G , den Heijer M
Published: November 2017

Objective

Cross-sex hormonal therapy (CHT) in trans persons affects their total body fat and total lean body mass. However, it is unknown how separate body regions are affected and whether these changes alter body shape. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects on body fat and lean body mass in separate body regions and on body shape after one year of CHT.

Design and methods

In a multicenter prospective study at university hospitals, 179 male-to-female gender dysphoric persons, referred to as transwomen, and 162 female-to-male gender dysphoric persons, referred to as transmen, were included. All underwent whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and anthropometric measurements before and after one year of CHT.

Results

In transwomen, increases in body fat ranged from +18% (95% CI: 13%;23%) in the android region to +42% (95% CI: 37%;46%) in the leg region and +34% (95% CI: 29%;38%) in the gynoid region. In transmen, changes in body fat ranged from −16% (95% CI: −19;−14%) in the leg region and −14% in the gynoid region (95% CI: −16%;−12) to no change in the android region (+1%, 95% CI: −3%;5%). Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) decreased in transwomen (−0.03, 95% CI: −0.04;−0.02) mainly due to an increase in hip circumference (+3.2 cm, 95% CI: 2.3;4.0). Transmen have a decrease in hip circumference (−1.9 cm, 95% CI: −3.1;−0.7) resulting in an increase in WHR (+0.01, 95% CI: 0.00;0.02).

Conclusions

CHT causes a more feminine body fat distribution and a lower WHR in transwomen and a more masculine body fat distribution with a lower hip circumference in transmen.
Comparative hydrogenation of the sunflower oil on platinum and nickel catalysts
Authors: Toshtay Kainaubek , Auyezov Ali , Geantet Christophe
Published: November 2017

The paper considers the diatomite-supported platinum catalyst (1.0 wt% Pt/D) synthesized using colloid adsorption method. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption (BET), scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The activity of the platinum catalyst was investigated by sunflower hydrogenation at 0.5 MPa hydrogen pressure at temperature range from 90°C to 130°C and compared to a commercial Ni catalyst. All of the hydrogenation reactions were terminated at iodine value between approximately 72-86. The results demonstrated that Pt/diatomite catalyst exhibited the highest activity and selectivity at low temperature than the Ni catalyst in hydrogenation processes. Physical characteristics of hydrogenated products such as melting point and solid fat content were also examined.
Competencias emocionales y toma de decisiones responsable en preadolescentes con el apoyo de docentes, padres y madres de familia: Un estudio comparativo en estudiantes de 4º a 6º año de educación primaria en España
Authors: Márquez-Cervantes Concepción , Gaeta-González Martha Leticia
Published: November 2017

This article aims to analyze the relationship between emotional competencies and responsible decision making in pre-adolescents, and the support of teachers and parents in this process, which could help students to solve problems and face risk situations in a better way. A quantitative, descriptive correlation and cross-sectional type research was carried out to achieve this aim. 70 students from the 4th, 5th and 6th grades (ages 8-12), three teachers and 12 parents from a public school in the province of Almeria, Spain, participated in the study. Three questionnaires were designed (for students, teachers and parents) to collect the information; they were based on theoretical models (Bisquerra & Pérez, 2007) and standardized self-report inventories in emotional competencies (Extremera & Fernández-Berrocal, 2004; Matson et al., 1983). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a comparison between groups, and a correlation between variables. Among the main results, students reported that they did greater work in strengthening their emotional awareness, followed by emotional regulation and interpersonal relationships. There were no significant differences in emotional management and responsible decision making among students from the three academic years; however, males reported greater emotional control than females. A significant correlation between emotional competencies and responsible decision making in pre-adolescents was found. Teaching staff mentioned having done greater work in the development of students’ emotional awareness and support of their responsible decision making. Parents, in turn, seek to help their sons and daughters to be more self-reliant, in addition to working collaboratively with the school, by documenting or seeking support to contribute to education and personal development of their children.
The Effect of Pecha Kucha Presentations on Students’ English Public Speaking Anxiety
Authors: Coskun Abdullah
Published: November 2017

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the Pecha Kucha presentation format on English as foreign language learners’ public speaking anxiety. The participants were 49 students in the English Translation and Interpretation Department of a state university in Turkey. A pre- and post-test experimental research design was used in this study. Students were given a questionnaire as the pre-test prior to the preparation of their presentations and as the post-test immediately following the presentation in the classroom. According to the paired samples statistics, students’ English public speaking anxiety was reduced significantly as a result of their experience using the Pecha Kucha presentation format. It was concluded that this presentation format can be incorporated into the English as a Foreign Language classroom.
Language Learning of Gifted Individuals: A Content Analysis Study
Authors: Gokaydin Beria , Baglama Basak , Uzunboylu Huseyin
Published: November 2017

This study aims to carry out a content analysis of the studies on language learning of gifted individuals and determine the trends in this field. Articles on language learning of gifted individuals published in the Scopus database were examined based on certain criteria including type of publication, year of publication, language, research discipline, countries of research, institutions of authors, key words, and resources. Data were analyzed with the content analysis method. Results showed that the number of studies on language learning of gifted individuals has increased throughout the years. Recommendations for further research and practices are provided.
Didactic Model: Teaching the English Temporal System to Arabic Freshman Learners of English
Authors: Hmidani Thana
Published: November 2017

This study took place at a medical college with 57 Arabic first-year students taking an intensive English course. The aim was to address the problems that learners experience when using the English tenses properly. The didactic model was developed and implemented in the study group only (27 students). Pre, mid-, and post-tests were administered to study and control groups at three points in time. The model is a selection of aspects from different methods combined aiming to lead participants to a higher level of linguistic competence in terms of language awareness, reading and writing skills, and vocubulary building. The results indicated statistically significant differences in the post-test between the two groups over time regarding the level of linguistic competence.
A cardiogen sokk modellezése pericardialis tamponáddal
Authors: Bari Gábor , Szűcs Szilárd , Érces Dániel , Ugocsai Melinda , Bozsó Noémi , Balog Dóra , Boros Mihály , Varga Gabriella
Published: November 2017

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: A pericardialis tamponád az életet közvetlenül
veszélyeztető, alacsony perctérfogatú kórállapot, amelynek keringési
következményei minden szövet, köztük a vese és a bélnyálkahártya mikrokeringését
is súlyosan érintik. Célkitűzés: Kísérletünk célja a
pericardialis tamponád klinikai képének modellezésére alkalmas, hemodinamikailag
stabil, kontrollálható állatmodell kifejlesztése volt.
Módszerek: Altatott vietnami törpesertések két csoportjában
laparotomiát követően a szívburokba a rekeszen keresztül, thoracotomia nélkül
kanült helyeztünk. Az első, álműtött csoport kontrollként szolgált
(n = 6), a második csoportban a pericardium saját vérrel
való feltöltésével 60 perces tamponádot hoztunk létre (n = 6).
Monitoroztuk a tamponád és az azt követő 180 perces reperfúzió alatt a
makrohemodinamikát és a vékonybél mikrohemodinamikai változásait. Vizsgáltuk a
fehérvérsejt-akkumulációt jelző mieloperoxidáz (MPO) -enzimaktivitást és
pásztázó lézeres endomikroszkóppal a vékonybél in vivo
szövettani elváltozásait. Eredmények: A tamponád következtében
megemelkedett a centrális vénás nyomás és a szívfrekvencia, lecsökkent az
artériás középnyomás, az arteria mesenterica superior (355,5 ± 112,4
vs. 182,0 ± 59,1 ml/min) és az arteria renalis (159,63 ±
50,7 vs. 35,902 ± 27,9 ml/min) áramlása, valamint az ileum
mikrokeringése. Az MPO-aktivitás szignifikánsan megemelkedett (3,66 ± 1,6
vs. 7,01 ± 1,44 mU/mg fehérje) és romlott a vékonybél
in vivo szövettani képe. Következtetések:
Kísérleti modellünk alkalmas a szívtamponád jellegzetes keringési és biokémiai
következményeinek vizsgálatára, reprodukálható, klinikailag releváns
állatmodellnek tekinthető.
Extracellular β-Glucosidase Production from bglp15.2 Gene Carrying Inulinase Signal Peptide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741
Authors: Fitri Armaya Badiatul , Restiawaty Elvi , Moeis Maelita Ramdani
Published: November 2017

One of the important enzymes in cellulase complex is β-glucosidase. In this research, adding signal peptide of inulinase gene from Kluyveromyces marxianus, cloning, and expressing of bglp15.2 gene in S. cerevisiae BY4741 had been done. Gene of bglp15.2 encoding β-glucosidase has 90% identity to nucleotide sequence of Shewanella frigidimarina NCIMB 400 bacteria. Adding nucleotide sequence of signal peptide was aimed to secrete β-glucosidase and had been done with PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method. The addition of nucleotide sequence of signal peptide in bglp15.2 gene had been done succesfully that indicated from nucleotide sequencing result and the increment of amplicon band size in electroferogram of the last addition PCR step. The bglp15.2 and bglp15.2INU gene (the bglp15.2 gene that has signal peptide nucleotide sequence) were cloned in Escherichia coli DH5α using pGEM-T-Easy vector and pBEVY-GL shuttle vector. The pBEVY-GL shuttle vector was used for transforming S. cerevisiae BY4741 with bglp15.2 and bglp15.2INU. The recombinant S. cerevisiae BY4741 carrying bglp15.2INU gene and growing in 48 hours had extracellularly β-glucosidase enzyme activity of 0,0178 U/ml and the intracellularly activity was 0,0181 U/ml. The  β-glucosidase enzyme without signal peptide was not secreted. With K. marxianus inulinase signal peptide, about 50% Bglp15.2INU protein could be secreted. The protein molecular weight of secreted Bglp15.2INU was 44 kDa in SDS-PAGE result.
A Personalidade na Tomada de Decisão com o Iowa Gambling Task: Uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Paixão Rui , Areias Graça
Published: November 2017

RESUMO O Iowa GamblingTask (IGT), apesar de amplamente utilizado na avaliação da tomada de decisão, apresenta uma grande variabilidade nos resultados. Pretende-se com este trabalho proceder a uma revisão integrativa da literatura que relacione a personalidade com o desempenho no IGT, de modo a identificar o papel dessa variável nesse desempenho. Para o efeito, foram selecionados e analisados 74 estudos referenciados na Web of Science e na b-on. Os resultados evidenciam alguma inconsistência e algumas relações não lineares entre variáveis, embora o mau desempenho no IGT surja associado mais frequentemente à dimensão neuroticismo, ansiedade, impulsividade, variáveis socioeconômicas e ao fator antissociabilidade na psicopatia e dependência de substâncias. À luz desses resultados, sugerem-se algumas orientações para a pesquisa na área.
Análise Empírica de Tendências na Produção Científica sobre Coping (SciELO, 1993/2012)
Authors: Santeiro Fabíola Ribeiro de Moraes , Zanini Daniela Sacramento , Santeiro Tales Vilela
Published: November 2017

RESUMO Coping indica uma ação intencional, física ou mental, iniciada em resposta a um estressor percebido, dirigida para circunstâncias externas ou estados internos. A pesquisa visou a obter panorama sistemático do que tem sido estudado e discutido em parte da produção científica sobre coping, mediante a análise de artigos publicados em periódicos indexados à base de dados SciELO, entre 1993 e 2012 (N=294). Observou-se aumento quantitativo das produções no período investigado e elas foram divulgadas predominantemente em periódicos da Psicologia. Autorias femininas e grupais, desenvolvendo estudos empíricos, foram expressivas. Transtornos orgânicos, instituições hospitalares e usuários de serviços de saúde foram mais investigados e discutidos. A terminologia coping nem sempre é enfocada como um corpo teórico específico, o que requer atenção do leitor.
Hydrogen peroxide and chlorine dioxide against parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Protozoa, Ciliophora) in jundiá fingerlings
Authors: Marchiori Natalia da Costa , Silva Fabiano Muller , Martins Maurício Laterça , Amaral Junior Hilton , Silva Bruno Corrêa da
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT: Ichthyophthiriasis is a worldwide fish disease with great financial impact on freshwater fish farming due to its associated high mortality rates. Current study assesses the parasiticidal capacity of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) against the causative agent, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, in jundiá. Median lethal concentration (LC50, 96h) of each chemical agent was established, as well as the minimum inhibitory concentration of hydrogen peroxide for the parasite´s infectious larval phase (theront). Products were tested asynchronously in parasitized fingerlings for short and long baths at the following concentrations and exposure times: 1. Hydrogen peroxide: (T1) continuous bath - 30ppm and (T2) 50ppm; (T3) short bath - 150ppm, during 1h and (T4) 250ppm during 1h; control group (without any chemical agent). 2. Chlorine dioxide: (T1) continuous bath - 4ppm and (T2) 20ppm; (T3) short bath - 200ppm, during 1min; (T4) short bath - 400ppm, during 1min and control group. Data analysis demonstrated a concentration of 82.54ppm of the commercial product (or 24.76ppm of the active chemical agent) as LC50, 96h of H2O2 and 38.4ppm product (or 2.68ppm of the active chemical agent) for ClO2. Hydrogen peroxide concentration causing 100% mortality rate of theronts in 1h was 25ppm (product, or 7.5ppm of the active chemical agent). At the end of the fourth day of curative experiment, 98% of the animals died by ichthyophthiriasis. No treatment was effective against the parasite.
Burocracia pública e política social no Brasil
Authors: Costa Nilson do Rosário
Published: November 2017

Resumo O artigo descreve a burocracia do governo central brasileiro e o acesso da pessoa com deficiência ao Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC). Este acesso é dependente da avaliação da condição de vulnerabilidade realizada pela burocracia ministerial. Foram utilizadas revisão de literatura e dados secundários de séries de tempo e transversal para descrever a burocracia federal. Documentos legais e indicadores descrevem o regime de avaliação pericial. É demonstrada a evolução desigual no quantitativo da burocracia de carreira do governo central brasileiro nas últimas duas décadas. Resultado: O governo central brasileiro adotou a concepção internacional da pessoa com deficiência na avaliação dos requerentes ao BPC. A despeito dessa decisão, é demonstrado que o governo central brasileiro ampliou seletivamente a burocracia de carreira para atuar na área social. Constou-se que o resultado do processo de avaliação foi bastante severo, favorecendo os requerentes em condição de extrema vulnerabilidade biomédica. A despeito da adoção do modelo social, a elegibilidade ao BPC é subordinada ao diagnóstico médico.
Análise espacial e temporal da cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal no Brasil (2008-2015)
Authors: Paschoal Monique Ramos , Cavalcanti Hannalice Gottschalck , Ferreira Maria Ângela Fernandes
Published: November 2017

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é conhecer a cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal no Brasil de janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2015. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico que utiliza como base o território nacional, através das Regiões de Articulação Urbana. Para o cálculo da porcentagem da cobertura da triagem foram utilizados o Sistema de Informação de Nascidos Vivos, o Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais e o Sistema de Informações de Beneficiários da Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar. Foi realizada a análise exploratória dos mapas e a análise espacial estatística por meio do programa TerraView 4.2.2. A cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal apresentou uma evolução de 9,3 para 37,2 % no período estudado. Em 2008-2009 observa-se que a porcentagem da cobertura variou de 0,00 a 79,92% e a maioria das regiões obteve cobertura entre 0,0 e 20%, já em 2014-2015 a cobertura variou entre 0,0 a 171,77% e observou-se um visível aumento da porcentagem da cobertura no país, principalmente na Região do Sul. A cobertura da triagem tem crescido ao longo do tempo, mas ainda é baixa e apresenta uma distribuição desigual no território, o que pode ser explicado pelas leis e políticas locais e pela disposição das diferentes modalidades de serviço de saúde auditiva no país.
Diagnóstico participativo socioambiental e de riscos à saúde das comunidades do entorno do Complexo Petroquímico do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Moniz Marcela de Abreu , Sabóia Vera Maria , Carmo Cleber Nascimento do , Hacon Sandra de Souza
Published: November 2017

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi diagnosticar os problemas socioambientais prioritários e os riscos à saúde das comunidades do entorno do Complexo Petroquímico do Rio de Janeiro. De abordagem participativa, a pesquisa-ação conduziu a aplicação de entrevistas, grupos focais, reuniões e oficina com atores sociais de Porto das Caixas e Sambaetiba, localizados em Itaboraí/RJ, no período de novembro de 2013 a dezembro de 2014. Uma análise estrutural dos problemas priorizados pelas comunidades (oferta de água, tratamento de esgoto e risco de doenças transmissíveis; risco de poluição do ar e doenças respiratórias; ausência de segurança pública e risco de violência) esquematizou a relação causa-efeito-intervenção, com base no Protocolo para Avaliação Comunitária de Excelência em Saúde Ambiental. O processo revelou ausência de representatividade dos atores sociais das localidades estudadas em espaços decisórios sobre a problemática ambiental. Urgem ações educativas com profissionais e moradores que visem a favorecer a constituição de movimentos coletivos, indispensáveis à garantia dos direitos de mitigação das situações de contaminação do ar e de acesso aos serviços de saneamento e de segurança pública e de condições de menor risco à saúde.
Sobrevida de pacientes com AIDS e coinfecção pelo bacilo da tuberculose nas regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil
Authors: Melo Márcio Cristiano de , Donalisio Maria Rita , Cordeiro Ricardo Carlos
Published: November 2017

Resumo O presente estudo buscou analisar a sobrevida de pacientes com a coinfecção AIDS-Tuberculose por meio de um estudo de coorte retrospectivo de indivíduos com 13 anos ou mais e diagnóstico de AIDS notificados nos anos de 1998-99 e seguimento de 10 anos. Dos 2.091 casos de AIDS, 517 (24,7%) tinham diagnóstico positivo para tuberculose, sendo 379 (73,3%) masculinos. O risco entre os coinfectados foi 1,65 vezes os não coinfectados. As variáveis associadas à maior sobrevida foram: sexo feminino (HR = 0,63), escolaridade ≥ oito anos (HR = 0,52), critério diagnóstico CD4 (HR = 0,64); e à menor sobrevida: faixa etária ≥ 60 anos (HR = 2,33), não uso de ARV (HR = 8,62), não investigação para hepatite B (HR = 2,44) e doenças oportunistas (≥ duas) (HR = 1,97). A sobrevivência acumulada foi de 71% nos não coinfectados e 62% nos coinfectados na região Sul e de 74% e 58%, respectivamente, na região Sudeste, 60 meses após o diagnóstico de AIDS. A AIDS e a Tuberculose exigem acompanhamento e adesão ao tratamento e são marcadores da atenção à saúde e da sobrevivência dos pacientes no Brasil.
ASSESSING THE CANOPY INTEGRITY USING CANOPY DIGITAL IMAGES IN SEMIDECIDUOUS FOREST FRAGMENT IN SÃO CARLOS - SP- BRAZIL1
Authors: Yamada Thiago , Pedrino Emerson Carlos , Soares João Juares , Nicoletti Maria do Carmo
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT It is well-known that conducting experimental research aiming the characterization of canopy structure of forests can be a difficult and costly task and, generally, requires an expert to extract, in loco, relevant information. Aiming at easing studies related to canopy structures, several techniques have been proposed in the literature and, among them, various are based on canopy digital image analysis. The research work described in this paper empirically compares two techniques that measure the integrity of the canopy structure of a forest fragment; one of them is based on central parts of canopy cover images and, the other, on canopy closure images. For the experiments, 22 central parts of canopy cover images and 22 canopy closure images were used. The images were captured along two transects: T1 (located in the conserved area) and T2 (located in the naturally disturbance area). The canopy digital images were computationally processed and analyzed using the MATLAB platform for the canopy cover images and the Gap Light Analyzer (GLA), for the canopy closure images. The results obtained using these two techniques showed that canopy cover images and, among the employed algorithms, the Jseg, characterize the canopy integrity best. It is worth mentioning that part of the analysis can be automatically conducted, as a quick and precise process, with low material costs involved.
IBA AND MICROCUTTING COLLECTIONS IN THE MICROPROPAGATION OF Eucalyptus spp HYBRID CLONES.1
Authors: Gallo Ricardo , Xavier Aloisio , Moura Luciana Coelho de , Oliveira Brener de Almeida , Nascimento Heloisa Rocha do , Otoni Wagner Campos
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT This study aims to evaluate the effect of IBA concentrations and microcuttings successive collections in the micropropagation of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla and Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus clones. Clumps containing six to eight buds of clones established in vitro were transferred to a 250 mL glass flask in JADS semisolid medium. Successive collections were performed every 20 days for Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla clone and every 30 days for Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus clone. The following variables were evaluated under in vitro conditions: number of shoots > 0.5 cm, number of microcuttings > 2 cm, length of the longest microcutting, and shoots vigor. Under ex vitro conditions, in the greenhouse and shade house, the following variables were evaluated: seedling height, percentage of survival, stem diameter, percentage of root observed at the lower end of the tube, and seedling vigor. In full sun (ex vitro), the following variables were analyzed: seedling height, stem diameter, survival, number of roots, root volume, seedling vigor, and shoot and root dry matter. Good in vitro microcuttings productivity was observed over the successive collections. IBA levels were adjusted for each clone, ranging from 0.25 to 0.50 mg L-1 for Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla clone, and from 0.75 to 1.0 mg L-1 for Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus clone. IBA concentrations led to residual effects under ex vitro conditions, providing good rooting and survival for Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla and Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus clones at IBA concentrations between 0.25 and 0.50 mg L-1 and between 0.50 and 1.0 mg L-1, respectively.
Rising to the occasion: New persons for new times
Authors: O’HARA Maureen
Published: November 2017

Abstract Global problems are accelerating to the point where they are challenging civilization. The author reflects on how early mentors in Biological and Psychological science modeled a new paradigm for their inquiry that included subject-subject participation, qualitative methods, a wider range of accepted evidence and the ability to indwell in a state of “not knowing” and letting coherence emerge. Such an approach not only leads to new knowledge but also develops capacities and competencies in the researcher that are more adequate for understanding complex and seemingly intractable crises of global the 21st century. The author identifies three levels of crisis occurring simultaneously: conceptual, cultural and existential which undermine coherence at personal and societal levels. When societies destabilize doubt and uncertainty rise producing the possible responses of defensiveness, anarchy and transformation. To optimize the possibility of transformation a new kind of psychology is needed that is better adapted to current conditions. Persons of Tomorrow, a term coined by humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers during the upheavals of the 1960s, have the consciousness and capacities to address these crises in creative and transformative ways. The non-profit International Futures Forum has developed theory, pedagogy and social practices to facilitate transformative innovation. Case examples of its and others’ transformative projects are described and linked to the urgent need to develop and to practice as Persons of Tomorrow.
Interação mãe-bebê e uso de chupeta no contexto do nascimento pré-termo: um estudo com base na Teoria Bioecológica
Authors: DADALTO Elâine Cristina Vargas , ROSA Edinete Maria
Published: November 2017

Resumo O objetivo foi investigar a avaliação de mães de recém-nascidos pré-termo egressos de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal quanto à qualidade dos Processos Proximais e uso de chupeta nos primeiros 2 anos. O delineamento longitudinal teve como base a Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano. Participaram 12 mães, entrevistadas em cinco momentos (durante internação, aos 6, 12, 18 e 24 meses de idade do bebê). Foram estabelecidos 2 grupos: Grupo A (n = 6), mães que inseriram chupeta até 2 anos, e Grupo B (n = 6), as que não inseriram este hábito. Os Processos Proximais foram mais efetivos para mães com maior escolaridade e melhor situação econômica, sem interferência da chupeta. A contribuição da chupeta como auxiliar nos Processos Proximais foi indiferente para mães que controlavam o uso, sendo mais evidente durante o sono; o uso irrestrito facilitava a resolução do choro, liberando a mãe para outras tarefas. Concluiu-se que, nessa situação, a chupeta atua como limitador dos Processos Proximais.
Crop Growth and Yield Losses in Wheat Due to Little Seed Canary Grass Infestation Differ with Weed Densities and Changes in Environment
Authors: HUSSAIN S. , KHALIQ A. , BAJWA A.A. , MATLOOB A. , AREEB A. , ASHRAF U. , HAFEEZ A. , IMRAN M.
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT: Understanding the weed interference with different sowing times of crop is inevitable for forecasting yield losses by weed infestation and designing sustainable weed management systems. A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of sowing dates (20th November, 10th December) and various little seed canary grass (LCG) infestation levels (10, 20, 30 and 40 plant m-2) on growth and yield of wheat under semiarid conditions. Plots with two natural infestations of weeds including LCG (Unweeded control; UWC) and excluding LCG (UWC-LCG) were maintained for comparing its interference in pure stands with designated densities. A season-long weed-free (WFC) treatment was also run. All the weeds/LCG infestation levels starting from 10 LCG plants m-2 considerably reduced the wheat growth (leaf area index, crop growth rate, total dry matter accumulation) and hampered the yield contributing factors in both sowing dates. Presence of LCG was more detrimental for growth of late-sown wheat (10th Dec), therefore, 40 LCG plants m-2 recorded more reductions in growth indices of wheat even than UWC. In late sown wheat crop, the grain yield losses by 40 LCG plants m-2 and UWC were comparable, however, these losses were much greater than UWC LCG. In crux, delay in sowing of wheat not only reduced the crop growth and yield but also enhanced the LCG/weed interference. Furthermore, greater competitive ability of LCG particularly for late-sown wheat suggests that it should be controlled in order to provide healthy environment for crop plants.
Biological Control of Charcoal Rot of Mungbean by Trichoderma harzianum and Shoot Dry Biomass of Sisymbrium irio
Authors: JAVAID A. , AFZAL L. , SHOAIB A.
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT: A pot experiment was carried out for the biological control of charcoal rot on mung bean (Vigna radiata), caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Pot soil was made sick with an inoculum of M. phaseolina. Dried powdered leaves of Sisymbrium irio, a weed from the Brassicaceae family, were mixed in soil at 1, 2 and 3% (w/w) with and without the application of Trichoderma harzianm, a fungal biological control agent. The highest grain yield (3.62 g pot-1) was recorded in a combined application of T. harzianum and 1% S. irio leaf amendment, which was 62% and 805% higher than negative and positive control treatments, respectively. The application of S. irio leaf amendment and T. harzianum generally enhanced leaf protein, sugar and chlorophyll contents, and catalase activity. This study concludes that T. harzianum in combination with 1% dry leaves of S. irio as a soil amendment can be used to achieve the best grain yield under biotic stress of M. phaseolina.
Motivação docente: reflexões acerca do construto
Authors: Davoglio Tárcia Rita , Santos Bettina Steren dos
Published: November 2017

Este ensaio reflexivo visa problematizar a conceituação, a descrição e a pesquisa da motivação docente, defendendo a necessidade de compreender a motivação como um construto que, embora complexo e multifacetado, demanda por clareza conceitual e epistemológica, além de definição semântica e operacional em sua aplicação nas pesquisas empíricas no âmbito da Educação. Propõe-se, em última análise, a oferecer subsídios para a promoção do debate profícuo sobre o que constitui a motivação como objeto de pesquisa, especialmente no campo da Educação e da docência. Inicialmente, fazemos a caracterização de construto e suas definições, para em seguida debater sobre as diferentes formas de enfocar teoricamente a motivação e analisá-la no contexto docente da Educação. Acostumados ao uso do termo motivação como um “coringa”, retomar seu sentido científico, atribuindo-lhe balizas e limites constitutivos e operacionais é uma urgência na pesquisa sobre a temática.
Molecular detection of Anaplasmataceae agents in Dasyprocta azarae in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Braga Maria do Socorro Costa de Oliveira , Pereira José Gomes , Fernandes Simone de Jesus , Marques Ingrid Carolinne Lopes , Jesus Renata Passos de , Ferreira Gleycianny Santos , Xavier Daniele Rosa , Benevenute Jyan Lucas , Machado Rosangela Zacarias , André Marcos Rogério
Published: November 2017

Abstract Recently, the importance of wild-living rodents for maintenance of pathogens of the family Anaplasmataceae in the environment was investigated. These mammals play a role as reservoirs for these pathogens and act as hosts for the immature stages of tick vectors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of Ehrlichia sp. and Anaplasma sp. in 24 specimens of Azara’s agouti (Dasyprocta azarae) that had been trapped in the Itapiracó Environmental Reserve, in São Luís, Maranhão, northeastern Brazil, using molecular methods. Four animals (16.7%) were positive for Ehrlichia spp. in nested PCR assays based on the 16S rRNA gene. In a phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene, using the maximum likelihood method and the GTRGAMMA+I evolutionary model, Ehrlichia sp. genotypes detected in Azara’s agoutis were found to be closely related to E. canis and to genotypes relating to E. canis that had previously been detected in free-living animals in Brazil. The present work showed the first molecular detection of Ehrlichia sp. in Azara’s agoutis in Brazil.
Post-conflict infrastructure rehabilitation requirements
Authors: Hay Alexander H
Published: November 2017

Post-disaster relief and reconstruction are always complex and challenging, requiring an integrated infrastructure and community rehabilitation process. These challenges are even more pronounced in post-conflict situations, where combatants must be reintegrated into normal community life, reconciliation progressed and confidence in institutions restored. When the conflict is prolonged, the transition to normalcy is yet more challenging to a generation or more of the working-age population who have not experienced normal working life prior to the conflict. As integrated systems, the infrastructure needs not only to be rehabilitated within the overall rehabilitation of society but also to provide a vehicle to facilitate the reintegration of the population and the socio-economic transition of the productive capacity of society. Infrastructure rehabilitation is as much about how it is used and owned by the community as the restoration of functionality. This paper explores the nature of post-conflict rehabilitation today, discusses how the existing transition paradigms apply and identifies how the paradigms may better deliver post-conflict infrastructure rehabilitation.
Embedding sustainability criteria into pre-appraisal of underground utility for future cities
Authors: Hojjati Aryan , Jefferson Ian , Metje Nicole , Rogers Christopher D. F.
Published: November 2017

The underground utility infrastructure (UUI) will play a crucial role in meeting the demand for creating sustainable and resilient urban developments that are fit for purpose today and in the far future. The utility streetworks operations, an important feature of the UUI system, include placement, maintenance, rehabilitation, renewal and upgrading of UUI, which can have adverse economic, social and environmental impacts. A key challenge, and one that will lead to lost opportunities for the best use of the near surface for utility provision for future cities, is the lack of a sustainability indicator system and assessment method for evaluating different utility streetworks solutions. To address this shortfall, this paper presents a new suite of indicators, or performance criteria, bespoke to utility streetworks projects as well as a pre-appraisal method based on the adaptation of the Arup SPeAR® sustainability evaluation framework. An example of the application of the modified system is provided for a trenchless against trenching case study, and the lessons that flow from this are discussed in the wider context of the synthesis of utility service operations into sustainable, resilient, smart and liveable cities of the future.
Identification of Monetary Policy Shocks with External Instrument SVAR
Authors: Kim Kyungmin
Published: November 2017

We explore the use of external instrument SVAR to identify monetary policy shocks. We identify a forward guidance shock as the monetary shock component having zero instant impact on the policy rate. A contractionary forward guidance shock raises both future output and price level, stressing the relative importance of revealing policymakers' view on future output and price level over committing to a policy stance. We also decompose non-monetary structural shocks, and find that positive shocks to output and price level lead to monetary contraction. Since information on output and price level is revealed through both monetary and non-monetary channels, some monetary and non-monetary shocks can look alike, leading to linear dependence and violating usual instrument SVAR assumptions. We show that some of the main findings are robust to such dependence.
Oral History Attitude Scale (OHAS) Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Sağlam Halil İbrahim , Sayımlı Sinem
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable Oral History Attitude Scale. The 25-item trial form created under the supervision of an expert opinion was applied to 714 elementary school third and fourth grade students, 345 female and 369 male students in Sakarya province. Then the obtained data were analyzed. As a result of the Explicit Factor Analysis (AFA), a structure consisting of two dimensions, which are named "individual" and "social", and a total of 15 items have been found out. It has been determined that the model's goodness of fit indexes is quite high. Validation Factor Analysis also confirms AFA results. It was determined that the reliability coefficient of the scale was .76, the split-half half reliability was .74, the test-retest reliability coefficient was .91, and all the differences between the averages of the 27% upper and lower groups were significant. In the study, it was concluded that the scale can be perfectly used as a valid and reliable instrument in research to determine the attitudes of primary school students towards oral history.
Ultrasound Measurement of Peripheral Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Correlation with Risk Factors
Authors: Bosevski Marijan , Georgievska-Ismail Ljubica
Published: November 2017

The purpose of the study was to assess the endothelial dysfunction (ED) in type 2 diabetic patients ultrasonographically and estimate the correlation of ED with glycemia and other cardio-metabolic risk factors. 171 patient (age 60.0 + 8.5 years) with diagnosed type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were randomly included in a cross sectional study. B-mode ultrasound system with a linear transducer of 7.5 MHz was used for evaluation of flow-mediated vasodilation in brachial artery (FMV). FMV was presented as a change of brachial artery diameter at rest and after limb ischemia, previously provoked by cuff inflation. Peripheral ED was found in 77.2% (132 patients). Multivariate logistic regression model defined: age (OR 1.071, 95% CI 1.003 1,143) and plasma cholesterol (OR 4.083 95% CI 1.080 17,017) as determinants for ED. Linear multivariate analysis presented duration of diabetes (Beta 0.173, Sig 0.024), and glycemia (Beta 0.132, Sig 0.044) to be associated independently with FMV value. Estimated factors influencing FMV, might be potential therapeutic targets for presented endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease.
Blood Vessels Distribution in Body and Tail of Pancreas- A Comparative Study of Age Related Variation
Authors: Kulenović Amela , Sarač-Hadžihalilović Aida
Published: November 2017

Arterial vascularization of the pancreas has been investigated, as well as variation in vascularization of this organ with regard to the existence of age differences. Aim of the investigation was to establish differences, if any, in newborns pancreas vascularization since diseases invading this organ in newborns have increased recently at this particular age. Injection-corrosion method was used on pancreas arteries and their variations. Twenty-four human pancreas specimens were used for this purpose consisting of 24 cadaver organs aged between 45 and 65, and 12 pancreases of still-born babies. Comparison of the findings has shown that there was no difference in the number, ramification pattern and arterial course between the two experimental groups of organs; all possible blood vessel variations were most probably the result of developmental processes which occur during early stages of intrauterine development.
The Automatic Regulation of the Basal Dose on the Insulin Pump for the Treatment of Patients that have Diabetes Type 1
Authors: Mehanović Sifet , Mujić Midhat
Published: November 2017

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a chronic metabolic disorder, and its main characteristic is Hyperglycemia. It usually occurs in the early years because of the absolute or relative absence of the active insulin that is caused by the autoimmune disease of the β cells of the pancreas. Despite the numerous researches and efforts of the scientists, the therapy for Diabetes type 1 is based on the substitution of insulin. Even though the principles of the therapy have not changed so much, still some important changes have occurred in the production and usage of insulin. Lately, the insulin pumps are more frequent in the therapy for Diabetes type 1. The functioning of the pump is based on the continuing delivery of insulin in a small dose (“the basal dose”), that keeps the level of glycemia in the blood constant. The increase of glycemia during the meal is reduced with the additional dose of insulin (“the bolus dose”). The use of the insulin pumps and the continuing glucose sensors has provided an easier and more efficient monitoring of the diabetes, a better metabolic control and a better life quality for the patient and his/her family.This work presents the way of automatic regulation of the basal dose of insulin through the synthesis of the functions of the insulin pump and the continuing glucose sensor. The aim is to give a contribution to the development of the controlling algorithm on the insulin pump for the automatic regulation of the glucose concentration in the blood. This could be a step further which is closer to the delivery of the dose of insulin that is really needed for the basic needs of the organism, and a significant contribution is given to the development of the artificial pancreas.