bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection and Molecular Characterization of GI-1 and GI-23 Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Broilers Indicate the Emergence of New Genotypes in Bolivia
Authors: Villanueva-Pérez Doris , Tataje-Lavanda Luis , Montalván-Avalos Angela , Paredes-Inofuente Diego , Montoya-Ortiz Suly , Isasi-Rivas Gisela , Fernández María F. , Fernández-Sánchez Manolo , Fernández-Díaz Manolo
Published: September 2024

Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) is a major threat to the poultry industry worldwide, causing significant economic losses. While the virus’s genetic structure is well understood, the specific strains circulating in Bolivia have remained uncharacterized until now. This study aimed to identify and characterize new IBV strains in Bolivia. Tissue samples from broilers exhibiting clinical signs of Infectious Bronchitis were screened to detect IBV using real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Positive samples with low cycle threshold (Ct) values were selected for sequencing the full S1 gene. Of the 12 samples analyzed, 10 were determined to be positive for IBV. However, only four samples yielded sufficient genetic material for sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed the presence of GI-1 and GI-23 lineages, both belonging to genotype I (GI). The GI-1 lineage showed >99% sequence identity to the H120 and Massachusetts vaccine strains, suggesting a close relationship. In contrast, the GI-23 lineage clustered with other IBV strains, showing a distinct subclade that is genetically distant from Brazilian strains. No evidence of recombination was found. Furthermore, amino acid substitution analysis identified specific mutations in the S1 subunit, particularly in the hypervariable regions 1, 2, and 3. These mutations could potentially alter the virus’s antigenicity, leading to reduced vaccine efficacy. The findings of this study highlight the importance of continued and broad genomic surveillance of circulating IBV strains and the need to improve vaccination strategies in Bolivia.
A Comparison of Sanger Sequencing and Amplicon-Based Next Generation Sequencing Approaches for the Detection of HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations
Authors: Biba Camilla , Fiaschi Lia , Varasi Ilenia , Paletti Chiara , Bartolini Niccolò , Zazzi Maurizio , Vicenti Ilaria , Saladini Francesco
Published: September 2024

Background: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) kits are needed to finalise the transition from Sanger sequencing to NGS in HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance testing. Materials and Methods: We compared a homemade NGS amplicon-based protocol and the AD4SEQ HIV-1 Solution v2 (AD4SEQ) NGS kit from Arrow Diagnostics for identifying resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) above the 5% threshold in 28 plasma samples where Sanger sequencing previously detected at least one RAM. Results: The samples had a median 4.8 log [IQR 4.4–5.2] HIV-1 RNA copies/mL and were mostly subtype B (61%) and CRF02_AG (14%). Homemade NGS had a lower rate of samples with low-coverage regions (2/28) compared with AD4SEQ (13/28) (p < 0.001). Homemade NGS and AD4SEQ identified additional mutations with respect to Sanger sequencing in 13/28 and 9/28 samples, respectively. However, there were two and eight cases where mutations detected by Sanger sequencing were missed by homemade NGS and AD4SEQ-SmartVir, respectively. The discrepancies between NGS and Sanger sequencing resulted in a few minor differences in drug susceptibility interpretation, mostly for NNRTIs. Conclusions: Both the NGS systems identified additional mutations with respect to Sanger sequencing, and the agreement between them was fair. However, AD4SEQ should benefit from technical adjustments allowing higher sequence coverage.
Characteristics of Water Vapor Transport during the “7·20” Extraordinary Heavy Rain Process in Zhengzhou City Simulated by the HYSPLIT Model
Authors: Sha Xiuzhu , Ding Jianfang , Chu Ronghao , Ma Xinxin , Li Xingyu , Xiao Yao , Cheng Bo , Zhang Fan , Song Can , Wang Shanhai
Published: September 2024

Water vapor transport is an important foundation and prerequisite for the occurrence of rainstorms. Consequently, the understanding of water vapor transport as well as the sources of water vapor during rainstorm processes should be considered as essential to study the formation mechanism of rainstorms. In this study, the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model is adopted for backward tracking of water vapor transport trajectories and sources during the “7·20” extraordinary heavy rain process in Zhengzhou City of China that occurred on 20 July 2021. On this basis, the trajectory clustering method is applied to quantitatively analyze the contributions of water vapor sources, aiming to provide a basis for exploring the maintenance mechanism of this extreme rainstorm event. The spatio-temporal characteristics of this rainstorm event show that there are 4 consecutive days with the precipitation reaching or exceeding the rainstorm level across the whole Zhengzhou City, with the daily rainfall amounts at eight national meteorological stations all breaking their respective historical extreme values. The regional-averaged rainfall amount in Zhengzhou City is 527.4 mm, while the maximum accumulated rainfall amount reaches 985.2 mm at Xinmi station and the maximum hourly rainfall amount at Zhengzhou national meteorological station reaches 201.9 mm h−1. The water vapor sources for this rainfall process, ranked in descending order of contribution, are the Western Pacific, inland areas of Northwest China and South China, and South China Sea. The water vapor at lower levels is mainly transported from the Western Pacific and the South China Sea, while those from the inland areas of Northwest China and South China provide a supply of water vapor at upper levels to a certain extent. The water vapor at 950 hPa is mainly sourced from the Western Pacific and South China Sea, accounting for 56% and 44%, respectively. The water vapor at 850 hPa mainly derives from the Western Pacific and the inland areas of South China, contributing 58% and 34% of the total, respectively. The water vapor at 700 hPa mainly comes from the inland areas of Northwest China and South China Sea. Specifically, the water vapor from inland Northwest China contributes 44% of the total, acting as the primary source. The water vapor at 500 hPa is mainly transported from the inland areas of South China and Northwest China, with that from the inland South China (56%) being more prominent. The water vapor at all levels is mainly transported to the rainstorm region through the eastern and southern regions of China from the source areas. Additionally, there are some differences in the water vapor trajectories at a 6 h interval.
Optimization Method for Digital Scheduling of Oilfield Sewage System
Authors: Chen Shuangqing , Zhou Shun , Li Yuchun , Jiang Minghu , Guan Bing , Xi Jiahao
Published: September 2024

Oilfield Sewage System Scheduling is a complicated, large-scale, nonlinear system problem with multiple variables. The complexity of the sewage system pipeline network connection grows along with the ongoing building of oilfield stations, and the shortcomings of the sewage system water quantity scheduling program based on human experience decision-making become increasingly apparent. The key to solving this problem is to realize the digital and intelligent scheduling of sewage systems. Taking the sewage system of an oil production plant in Daqing oilfield as the research object, the water scheduling model of the sewage system is established in this paper. Aiming at the complex nonlinear characteristics of the model, the Levy flight speed updating operator, the adaptive stochastic offset operator, and the Brownian motion selection optimization operator are established by taking advantage of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm. Based on these operators, a hybrid PSO-CS algorithm is proposed, which jumps out of the local optimum and has a strong global search capability. Comparing PSO-CS with other algorithms on the CEC2022 test set, it was found that the PSO-CS algorithm ranked first in all 12 test functions, proving the excellent solving performance of the PSO-CS algorithm. Finally, the PSO-CS is applied to solve a water scheduling model for the sewage system of an oil production plant in Daqing Oilfield. It is found that the scheduling plan optimized by PSO-CS has a 100% water supply rate to the downstream water injection station, and the total energy consumption of the scheduling plan on the same day is reduced from 879.95 × 106 m5/d to 712.84 × 106 m5/d, which is a 19% reduction in energy consumption. The number of water balance stations in the sewage station increased by 7, which effectively improved the water resource utilization rate of the sewage station.
Characterization of Silica Sand-Based Pervious Bricks and Their Performance under Stormwater Treatment
Authors: Chen Meijuan , Li Weiying , Dong Zhiqiang , Zhang Dawei
Published: September 2024

The acceleration of urbanization has disrupted natural water cycles, resulting in increased impervious urban surfaces and non-point source pollution from stormwater runoff. Addressing urban stormwater recharge has become crucial. This study introduces a novel silica sand-based permeable filtration material, investigating its surface characteristics, pore structure, permeability, and pollutant interception capabilities. The results demonstrate that hydrophilic binder coating modification of the permeable surface sand aggregate, combined with hydrophilic inorganic additives, having a porous structure with an average pore size of less than 50 μm and a porosity between 15% and 35%, significantly enhances surface hydrophilicity, achieving a permeation rate of up to 6.8 mL/(min·cm²). Moreover, it shows exceptional filtration and anti-clogging properties, achieving over 98% suspended solids interception and strong resistance to fouling. Dynamic biofilm formation experiments using simulated rain and domestic wastewater explore biofilm morphology and function on silica sand filtration well surfaces. Mature biofilms sustain COD removal efficiency exceeding 70%, with levels consistently below 50 mg/L, NH4+ decreasing to 2 mg N/L, and total nitrogen maintained below 10 mg N/L. The system features anoxic, anoxic, and aerobic zones, fostering synergistic organic matter and nitrogen removal by diverse microorganisms, enhancing pollutant mitigation. Silica sand-based permeable filtration material effectively mitigates urban stormwater runoff pollutants—suspended solids, organic matter, and nitrogen—offering an innovative solution for sponge city development and rainwater resource management.
Livelihood Analysis of People Involved in Fish-Drying Practices on the Southwest Coast of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Fayzur , Shamsuzzaman Md. Mostafa , Talukdar Anuradha , Alam Masud , Asadujjaman Md. , Schneider Petra , Mozumder Mohammad Mojibul Hoque
Published: September 2024

The southwest coast, specifically the Khulna region of Bangladesh, has seen a substantial increase in the production of dried fish, involving marginalized coastal people. This study uses a mixed methods approach and the sustainable livelihood approach (SLA) to assess these fish-drying communities’ socioeconomic characteristics, ways of living, and adaptability. Due to their lower literacy, irregular wages, and labor-intensive employment, the research outcomes indicated that the communities engaged in the drying process were economically disadvantaged. Male workers exhibited a relatively higher participation rate compared to females. However, it was observed that females had less power over their wages and earned less than USD 2.74–3.65 per day compared to males at USD 3.65–5.48 per day. Even though there were a lot of opportunities for employment, the survey showed that very few vendors, manufacturers, and laborers regarded themselves as financially independent. To cope with various impacts and obstacles, off-season earnings, a variety of fish species, drying facilities, dealer associations, and social relationships were crucial for dried-fish processors, workers, and traders. The research suggests implementing suitable measures to diversify alternative sources of income and emphasizes the importance of fostering strong collaboration among the communities, local management authorities, and the government. With regard to dry-fish approaches, these steps are essential for ensuring long-term sustainability and improving community resilience among coastal communities.
LSTM-Autoencoder Based Detection of Time-Series Noise Signals for Water Supply and Sewer Pipe Leakages
Authors: Shin Yungyeong , Na Kwang Yoon , Kim Si Eun , Kyung Eun Ji , Choi Hyun Gyu , Jeong Jongpil
Published: September 2024

The efficient management of urban water distribution networks is crucial for public health and urban development. One of the major challenges is the quick and accurate detection of leaks, which can lead to water loss, infrastructure damage, and environmental hazards. Many existing leak detection methods are ineffective, especially in complex and aging pipeline networks. If these limitations are not overcome, it can result in a chain of infrastructure failures, exacerbating damage, increasing repair costs, and causing water shortages and public health risks. The leak issue is further complicated by increasing urban water demand, climate change, and population growth. Therefore, there is an urgent need for intelligent systems that can overcome the limitations of traditional methodologies and leverage sophisticated data analysis and machine learning technologies. In this study, we propose a reliable and advanced method for detecting leaks in water pipes using a framework based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks combined with autoencoders. The framework is designed to manage the temporal dimension of time-series data and is enhanced with ensemble learning techniques, making it sensitive to subtle signals indicating leaks while robustly dealing with noise signals. Through the integration of signal processing and pattern recognition, the machine learning-based model addresses the leak detection problem, providing an intelligent system that enhances environmental protection and resource management. The proposed approach greatly enhances the accuracy and precision of leak detection, making essential contributions in the field and offering promising prospects for the future of sustainable water management strategies.
Forage Cactus Pear Cultivars Irrigated with Wastewater in a Semi-Arid Region
Authors: dos Santos Marcelo Rocha , Araújo Jucilene Silva , Donato Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues , de Souza José Alberto Alves , de Lira Elder Cunha , Aspiazú Ignacio
Published: September 2024

The reuse of wastewater from domestic sewage can contribute to forage production in regions with limited water availability. The aim was to study the agronomic performance of Gigante, Miúda, and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana cactus pear cultivars irrigated with treated sewage water; contents of macro- and micronutrients in plant tissues; export of nutrients and productivity. The study was conducted in an area near the domestic sewage treatment plant in the municipality of Guanambi, Bahia, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with six replications. A drip irrigation system was used, with a flow rate of 1.6 L h−1 and a watering interval of three days, applying 33% of the reference evapotranspiration. The physical/chemical characteristics of the soil, dry matter content, nutritional content of the forage cactus pear, productivity, and soil quality were evaluated. Without soil correction or application of mineral or organic fertilizers, only with the application of wastewater, the forage cactus pear plants developed within expected standards. The ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ and the ‘Gigante’ show greater green mass productivity and irrigation water productivity for green mass when compared to the ‘Miúda’. The highest dry matter productivity is expressed by the Orelha de Elefante Mexicana cultivar. The decreasing order of macronutrient export by the forage cactus pear is K, Ca, N, Mg, S, and P, and Mn, Fe, Zn, B, and Cu for micronutrients. Irrigation with treated wastewater, using 33% of the reference evapotranspiration, maintains K contents within a sufficient range; however, for the other nutrients, it is insufficient for the forage cactus pear plants.
Chemical compounds in industrial conditions as a risk factor for the development of acute poisoning in workers
Authors:   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia, Muldasheva N. A. , Karimova L. K. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia, Karimov D. O. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia, Shapoval I. V. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia, Beigul N. A. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia; Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia, Zaidullin I. I. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia
Published: September 2024

Data are presented on the potential danger of harmful substances to the health of chemical production workers and a list of substances that most often cause acute poisoning in industrial conditions is determined. A retrospective analysis of 83 investigation materials into cases of acute poisoning that occurred at a large chemical enterprise located in the Volga Federal District for the period from 1980 to 2023 was carried out. The circumstances and causes of group acute poisoning with a chemical substance (nickel carbonyl) not provided for by production regulations are described in detail. It was established that during the period under review, 83 cases of acute occupational poisoning occurred at the enterprise as a result of exposure to ammonia, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, styrene and nickel carbonyl, a number of which were of a group nature. In all cases of poisoning, except for nickel carbonyl, the etiological factor was known and adequate therapeutic measures were taken. Difficulties in identifying a harmful substance in case of poisoning with nickel carbonyl were due to the absence in the description of the technological regulations of the possibility of its formation. The causes of acute poisoning were significant violations of the technological regime, non-compliance with labor protection requirements and non-use of personal respiratory protection equipment. The main directions for the prevention of acute occupational poisoning in chemical production conditions are substantiated.
Integración de Inteligencia Artificial en Telemedicina: Desarrollo y Evaluación de Chatbot Especializado en Enfermedades Virales
Authors: Rodriguez Vargas Alejandro Josafat , Falconí Peláez Sandra Verónica , Mazón Olivo Bertha Eugenia , Tusa Jumbo Eduardo Alejandro
Published: September 2024

Este estudio evalúa la efectividad y precisión de respuestas de un chatbot integrado en la telemedicina, diseñado específicamente para pacientes con enfermedades virales. El objetivo era desarrollar y validar una herramienta basada en procesamiento de lenguaje natural (PLN) que mejore la comunicación entre pacientes y proveedores de salud, ofreciendo respuestas rápidas, precisas y personalizadas. Utilizando una metodología que incorpora tecnologías avanzadas de PLN, el chatbot fue programado para responder consultas relacionadas con síntomas, prevención y manejo de enfermedades virales. La evaluación del sistema se realizó a través de simulación de escenarios reales basados en comparaciones con respuestas de expertos médicos. Los resultados indican que el chatbot alcanza una alta similitud con las respuestas de expertos, con un promedio de similitud por coseno de 0.913 y una distancia euclidiana media de 0.405, demostrando la relevancia y precisión de las respuestas generadas. Finalmente, el estudio muestra que los chatbots pueden desempeñar un papel vital en la telemedicina, facilitando un acceso más rápido y efectivo a la información médica y mejorando la gestión del cuidado de pacientes con enfermedades virales. Esta investigación destaca la importancia de integrar PLN en la salud digital, subrayando el potencial de los chatbots para revolucionar el cuidado de la salud y ofrecer soluciones accesibles y personalizadas para los retos actuales de las enfermedades virales en el campo biomédico.
Las artes escénicas en el desarrollo del lenguaje en Educación inicial
Authors: Escobar Tigas Mónica Isabel , Pujota Quinga Genesis Sofia , Defaz Gallardo Yolanda Paola
Published: September 2024

La Educación Inicial tiene como finalidad el desarrollo del lenguaje del infante, siendo de gran importancia la utilización de las artes escénicas. A partir de esta realidad, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la efectividad de la aplicación de estrategias educativas basadas en las artes escénicas para el desarrollo del lenguaje en estudiantes de Educación Inicial en la institución educativa de la parroquia Tingo la Esperanza Cantón Pujili-Ecuador. La metodología aplicada fue cualitativa, no experimental, exploratoria y de naturaleza descriptiva. Se utilizaron las técnicas de entrevista y observación participante, los informantes claves fueron 10 estudiantes del contexto de estudio. El resultado propuesto, constituye aporte de investigaciones en el contexto del proceso en la Educación inicial, en particular, el desarrollo del lenguaje a través de las artes escénicas en la infancia temprana, siendo de gran importancia potenciar el desarrollo de las habilidades propias de la comunicación, creatividad y autoexpresión.
Circuitos lúdicos para el fortalecimiento de las áreas psicomotrices
Authors: Cando Cando Angelica Fernanda , Vega Toaquiza Wilma Verónica , Bravo Zambonino José María
Published: September 2024

Los circuitos lúdicos se han posicionado como una herramienta pedagógica invaluable para el desarrollo integral de los niños, particularmente en el ámbito de la psicomotricidad. El objetivo del estudio es comprender la influencia de los circuitos lúdicos en el fortalecimiento de las áreas psicomotrices en niños y niñas de Educación Inicial de la Unidad Educativa 14 de octubre Vicente Rocafuerte, adoptó un enfoque cualitativo interpretativo, fundamentado en la hermenéutica. Se aplicó la revisión bibliográfica documental. Se realizó un diagnóstico inicial entre los informantes claves de Educación Inicial, aplicando la técnica de la observación. Los resultados evidenciaron un avance en el desarrollo psicomotor de los estudiantes tras la implementación de la propuesta de circuitos lúdicos. Se concluye que, al proporcionar experiencias de juego variadas y significativas, los circuitos lúdicos favorecen la adquisición de habilidades motoras como el equilibrio, la coordinación y la fuerza, contribuyendo a un desarrollo psicomotor completo y armónico.
El yoga como herramienta para el desarrollo de la psicomotricidad en educación inicial
Authors: Cárdenas Rodríguez Marjorie Jezabel , Córdova Flores Laidy Vanessa , Constante Barragán María Fernanda
Published: September 2024

Se observó en la parroquia Pilaló que los estudiantes de Educación Inicial tenían poco desarrollo psicomotor y que las docentes desconocen de herramientas innovadoras para optimizarlas. Por lo que, el presente estudio estuvo orientado a identificar el yoga como herramienta para el desarrollo de la psicomotricidad en educación inicial. Se trabajó con paradigma mixto y con diseño cuasiexperimental. Se realizó un diagnóstico en el contexto educativo y para la recolección de información se emplearon entrevistas a las docentes. los hallazgos evidencian como la práctica del yoga incide directamente en la relación entre el movimiento y la cognición, siendo significativo en el equilibrio, la flexibilidad y la coordinación, así como un aumento en la confianza y seguridad de los infantes. Se concluyó que el yoga infantil es beneficioso para párvulos de Educación Inicial, al incorporar el yoga en el aula, no solo se promueve el bienestar físico de los niños, sino que también se estimula su desarrollo cognitivo y emocional.
Renal Disease and Kidney Transplantation in Hispanic American Persons
Authors: Mour Girish K. , Kukla Aleksandra , Jaramillo Andres , Ramon Daniel S. , Wadei Hani M. , Stegall Mark D.
Published: September 2024

The Hispanic population of the United States is the second largest racial or ethnic group, comprising 18.7% of the population. However, this population is incredibly heterogeneous differing in genetic traits, cultural upbringing, educational backgrounds, and financial status. The impact of this heterogeneity on the prevalence and outcomes of renal disease and kidney transplantation is understudied compared with non-Hispanic White and Black populations. What is known appears to be underrecognized. This review aims to critically assess current medical literature on Hispanic individuals, focusing on etiological factors, disease progression, and outcomes related to CKD and kidney transplantation. By doing so, we aim to underscore key areas for further in-depth investigation.
The Kudmi (Kudumi), a totemic community of Jharkhand State and near about parts (India) – critical evaluation for inclusion in ST category
Authors: Mahata Manik Chandra
Published: September 2024

The Kudmi (Kudumi) a totemic primitive community (tribe) originated and evolved from the Neanderthal man (Homo Sapiens neanderthdemais) 2,30,000 years ago, like all other human beings, which is evidenced by the evolutionary theories based on fossil findings and population genetics. They are inhabiting in the state of Jharkhand and its near about, i.e. of West Bengal, Assam, Odisha and Chattisgarh states since time immemorial, who were classified as “Primitive tribes” by the British regime in India in 1865, alongwith other primitive tribes under the term of the Indian succession Act, as they have customary rules of sucession. Subsequently in 1913 and 1931 they were included in the list of tribes (Primitive Tribes). But unfortunately, they were omitted as from the ST category drawn up in 1950 for reasons that are unknown, although they are having traits of Primitive Tribes, e.g., they are totemic (alike all other primitive tribes of India and the world) i.e. their lineage related to plants, animals and other natural objects, shyness of contact with other communities at large, distinctive culture, geographically isolated, Backwardness (towards past, keeping back and slow is learning) and specific mother tongue-“Kudmali’.Under the above circumstances the Kudmis of the above noted geographical area be again reincluded in the ST category by the present authority concerned to bring them to the main stream of development of the country and to uplift their life style and social status at large.
Pacific Conquest: The Marine Corps’ Role in the U.S. Acquisition of Guam
Authors: Sullivan Dwight
Published: September 2024

The Marine Corps is poised to vastly expand its presence in Guam. Under a 2012 bilateral agreement with Japan, the United States is preparing to transfer approximately 5,000 in Marine Corps force strength from Okinawa to Guam. The relationship between Guam and the Corps has endured since 1898, when the Marine Corps played a supporting, yet significant, role in the United States’ acquisition of Guam. By early 1899, the United States had finally established effective control over Guam, which would continue until a Japanese invasion force seized the island on 10 December 1941.
Marine Air-Ground Task Forces in Military Operations Other than War, 1990s
Authors: Allison Fred H.
Published: September 2024

The marriage of the helicopter and U.S. Navy amphibious ships with a battalion of Marines and supporting elements on board created one of the nation’s most potent and capable weapons systems. The Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF) not only represents the means to influence events by the projection of military power, it also has the inherent capability to undertake a number of missions beyond direct combat action, otherwise known as military operations other than war (MOOTW). This article examines the inherent capability of MAGTFs in MOOTW, highlighting the essentiality of helicopters for such operations, particularly humanitarian and noncombat evacuation operations, by recounting a few of these operations.
NEPALANKIOS VAIKYSTĖS PATIRTYS IR JŲ SUKELTOS PSICHIKOS SVEIKATOS PASEKMĖS
Authors: Marcinkevičiūtė Rugilė , Marcinkevičius Martynas
Published: September 2024

Šiame tyrime nagrinėjamas nepalankių vaikystės patir­čių poveikis suaugusiųjų psichopatologijai Lietuvoje. Tai viena iš pastaraisiais metais labiausiai aptariamų psichikos sveikatos problemų visame pasaulyje, tačiau Lietuvoje dar labai mažai vietinių tyrimų ir duomenų. Pasitelkus klausimyną, sutrumpintą pagal Pasaulio svei­katos organizacijos nepalankių patirčių ir suaugusių psi­chopatologijos psichikos sveikatos tyrimų anketą, šiame tyrime analizuojami 97 dalyvių atsakymai, siekiant iš­tirti vaikystėje patirtų psichologinių, emocinių ir pana­šių traumų paplitimą ir poveikį. Preliminarios išvados rodo, kad nemaža dalis suaugusių Lietuvos gyventojų yra patyrę vaikystės traumas, o dažniausiai nurodomos emocinės ir fizinės prievartos rūšys. Duomenys rodo sti­prų ryšį tarp ankstyvosios neigiamos patirties ir vėles­nių psichikos sveikatos sutrikimų, pavyzdžiui, nerimo ir nuotaikos sutrikimų, atitinkantį pasaulines tendencijas.
PROLAKTINOMA: EPIDEMIOLOGIJA, ETIOLOGIJA, SIMPTOMAI, DIAGNOSTIKA, GYDYMAS
Authors: Gužytė Eglė
Published: September 2024

Prolaktinoma – dažniausiai nustatomas gerybinis hipofizės auglys, sekretuojantis prolaktiną. Kasmet diagnozuojami 3-5 nauji atvejai 100 000 gyventojų, dažniausiai – 25-34 metų moterims. Navikas sekretuoja prolaktiną (sukelia hiperprolaktinemiją), todėl moterys skundžiasi mėnesinių ciklo sutrikimais (oligomenorėja, amenorėja), galaktorėja, nevaisingumu, vyrai – sumažėjusiu libido, erekcijos sutrikimu, nevaisingumu, retai – ginekomastija. Didesnės prolaktinomos ne tik sekretuoja prolaktiną, bet ir sukelia vietinį masės efektą, todėl pacientai skundžiasi galvos skausmu, akipločio pokyčiais. Diagnozei patvirtinti būtina nustatyti prolaktino koncentraciją kraujyje bei atlikti hipofizės MRT su gadoliniu. Nustačius prolaktinomą, kuri sukelia varginančius simptomus, skiriamas gydymas pirmo pasirinkimo vaistais – dopamine agonistais.
HEPATOCELIULINĖS KARCINOMOS GYDYMAS TRANSARTERINE CHEMOEMBOLIZACIJA
Authors: Liekis Rokas
Published: September 2024

Hepatoceliulinė karcinoma sudaro apie 75-85 proc. pir­minio kepenų vėžio atvejų ir yra didelė sveikatos pro­blema visame pasaulyje. Jungtinėse Amerikos Valstijose 2 metų išgyvenamumas sergant HCC yra mažesnis nei 50 proc., o 5 metų išgyvenamumas yra tik 10 procentų. Gy­dymo strategija gali būti pasirenkamas medikamentinis gydymas, kepenų dalies rezekcija, kepenų transplanta­cija, kepenų abliacija ar transarterinė chemoembolizacija (TACE). Transarterinė chemoembolizacija yra pirmojo pasirinkimo gydymas pacientams, sergantiems vidutinės stadijos HCC pagal BCLC skalę, taip pat ir pacientams, kurių navikas yra nerezektabilus. HCC pacientai, gydyti TACE metodu, rodė ženkliai geresnius išgyvenamumo rodiklius, nei pacientai, kuriems ši procedūra netaikyta. Šios procedūros veiksmingumą pagrindžia tvirti įrody­mai, tačiau gydymo metodikoje vis dar trūksta standar­tizacijos.
STOROSIOS ŽARNOS LIPOMOS: EPIDEMIOLOGIJA, KLINIKINĖ RAIŠKA, DIAGNOSTIKA IR GYDYMAS
Authors: Mejerytė Aušrinė , Pėčelis Vytautas
Published: September 2024

Storosios žarnos lipoma yra retai pasitaikantis gerybinis navikas, pasireiškimo dažnis siekia 4,4 procento. Ligos diagnostiką sunkina simptomų nebuvimas arba jų ne­specifiškumas, kuris pirmiausia leidžia įtarti piktybinį procesą. Siekiant tiksliai nustatyti storosios žarnos lipo­mos diagnozę, turi būti atliktas dauginis tyrimas – kolo­noskopija, KT bei patohistologinis. Gydymas reikalingas tiems pacientams, kuriems lipoma sukelia simptomus arba pasireiškė ligos komplikacijos – žarnyno obstruk­cija ar invaginacija. Pagrindiniai gydymo metodai yra endoskopinis (rekomenduojamas mažesnėms nei 2 cm lipomoms) ir chirurginis, kuris reikalingas esant didesnei nei 2 cm lipomai, jeigu ji sukelia simptomus arba pasi­reiškė komplikacijos.
TULŽIES LATAKŲ PAŽEIDIMAI PO LAPAROSKOPINIŲ CHOLECISTEKTOMIJŲ
Authors: Mikulskytė Goda
Published: September 2024

Laparoskopinė cholecistektomija yra viena dažniausiai atliekamų pilvo chirurgijos operacijų . Nors tulžies latakų pažeidimai yra nedažna komplikacija, vis dėlto ji daž­niau pasitaiko atliekant laparoskopines operacijas (0,5- 0,8%), lyginant su laparatominėmis cholecistektomijomis (0,2-0,3%). Viena pagrindinių tulžies latakų pažeidimo priežasčių – netinkama Calot trikampio, ar jame esančių struktūrų identifikacija. Latakų pažeidimai klasifikuo­jami pagal latako pažeidimo aukštį, pažeidimo spindį, šalia esančių kraujagyslių pažeidimą, ryšį tarp kairiojo bei dešiniojo kepenų latakų. Didelė dalis tulžies latakų pažeidimų laparoskopinės cholecistektomijos metu lieka nepastebėti ir kliniškai pasireiškia ankstyvuoju poopera­ciniu laikotarpiu ar netgi vėliau. Akuriamosios tulžies la­takų operacijos gali būti atliekamos įvairiais laikotarpiais, tačiau optimaliausias laikas – uždelstas, kai po pirminės operacijos praėjo nuo šešių savaičių iki šešių mėnesių.
PARP GENŲ ĮTAKA TIESIOSIOS ŽARNOS VĖŽIO GYDYMO EFEKTYVUMUI
Authors: Mikulskytė Goda
Published: September 2024

Tikslas. Įvertinti PARP genų ir PARP inhibitorių įtaką tiesiosios žarnos vėžio gydymo rezultatams, taikant che­moterapinį bei spindulinį gydymą. Didesnis PARP akty­vumas siejamas su intensyvesne vėžinių ląstelių prolife­racija bei didesniu rezistentiškumu taikomam gydymui. Nustatyta, jog PARP1 inhibitoriai, mažindami energijos atsargų ląstelėje vartojimą slopinant PARP genų aktyva­ciją, didina apoptozės tikimybę, kartu mažindami ląstelės nekrozės tikimybę. PARP genų aktyvumas yra glaudžiai susijęs su piktybinių tiesiosios žarnos navikų jautrumu chemoterapiniam bei radioterapiniam gydymui. Didesnis PARP aktyvumas vėžinėse ląstelėse siejamas su stipres­niu rezistentiškumu gydymui, o mažesnis PARP aktyvu­mas − su palankesne gydymo baigtimi.
Pemasangan Lampu Sistem Otomatis Berbasis Photocell dan Sensor Gerak di Jembatan Dermaga Nelayan RT 26 Kelurahan Manggar Baru
Authors: Rinto Rinto , Putra Maha Setya Adi , Nadhiro Auliza Alifin , Ramadhani Afifah Nabila , Ramadhan Arif , Umam Khairul , Irwanto Andra , Anggoro Dityo Cahyo , Jumsari Jumsari , Nabilah Diva Raissa , Wibowo Dimas Wahyu
Published: September 2024

Beban lampu penerangan lazimnya dioperasikan secara manual oleh manusia. Dengan kemajuan teknologi saat ini, campur tangan manusia dalam operasional berusaha dikurangi. Saklar otomatis akan dapat memudahkan operasional, efektif dan efisien untuk menghindari lampu yang menyala sia-sia tanpa ada aktivitas. Tujuannya tak lain untuk menghindari pemborosan energi listrik. Pengabdian ini mengambil topik tentang perancangan Instalasi Penerangan Jembatan untuk salah satu kelompok nelayan. Saklar otomatis ini menggunakan masukan berupa sensor kehadiran orang jenis Passive Infrared (PIR) dan sensor intensitas cahaya jenis Light Dependent Resistor (LDR/Photocell). PIR termasuk sensor pyroelectric yang mempunyai respon sesaat pada pergerakan benda dan energi panas pada makhluk hidup. Sumber panas diradiasikan dengan inframerah. Tubuh manusia menghasilkan energi panas yang diradiasikan dengan inframerah. Radiasi panas tubuh manusia akan diterima sensor untuk respon masukan rangkaian. Rangkaian lengkap terdiri dari passive infrared sensor, lensa fresnel, rangkaian utama, power supply, LDR, dan beban lampu penerangan. Pada intinya PIR dan LDR ini akan menjadi driver transistor. Transistor yang berfungsi sebagai saklar elektronik yang akan memutus dan menghubungkan beban lampu penerangan. Pemasangan lampu dilakukan di kawasan RT 26 Kelurahan Manggar Baru. Pemasangan lampu tersebut sangat bermanfaat untuk warga sekitar, terutama untuk para nelayan saat akan menyandarkan perahunya setelah dari menangkap ikan.
Pembinaan Penambangan Emas Skala Kecil dan Masyarakat Lingkar Tambang Emas di Desa Cisarua, Bogor
Authors: Marwanza Irfan , Azizi Masagus Ahmad , Kurniawati Riskaviana , Dahani Wiwik , Subandrio Subandrio , Purwiyono Taat Tri , Nuriana Suherman Dwi
Published: September 2024

Pelaksanaan Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Universitas Trisakti dilaksanakan di Desa Cisarua, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat, dengan bermitra bersama Pemerintah Daerah setempat. Mitra pemangku kepentingan turut berpartisipasi sebagai fasilitator dalam kegiatan ini yang bertujuan untuk melakukan sosialisasi dan pengembangan praktik penambangan yang berkelanjutan bagi para penambang dan masyarakat sekitar tambang emas. Desa Cisarua, berada di Kabupaten Nanggung, dikenal memiliki potensi sumber daya mineral, terutama endapan emas, yang sering dieksploitasi oleh masyarakat penambang baik secara individu maupun kelompok. Namun, aktivitas penambangan ini menyebabkan dampak negatif yang signifikan sehingga Pemerintah terpaksa menghentikan kegiatan pertambangan rakyat ini, salah satunya karena dampak lingkungan yang merugikan. Masalah lingkungan dan kondisi lahan pascapenambangan emas menimbulkan risiko dan masalah yang besar, termasuk kontaminasi merkuri dan sianida yang berbahaya bagi kehidupan manusia dan ekosistem sekitar. Salah satu tantangan utama adalah belum adanya reklamasi pada lubang-lubang bukaan tambang akibat aktivitas penambangan rakyat. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, tim melakukan edukasi masyarakat tentang prinsip-prinsip penambangan yang baik dan benar (Good Mining Practices, GMP). Tim bekerja sama dengan masyarakat dan pemerintah setempat dalam mencari solusi untuk mengantisipasi dampak masa depan dari aktivitas pertambangan emas. Kegiatan PKM dilakukan melalui pemberian materi dan diskusi, yang terbukti berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat. Hasil survei terhadap 25 responden menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman tentang praktik pertambangan yang baik setelah pelaksanaan PKM. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa sebelumnya 61% responden tidak memahami tentang GMP. Setelah dilaksanakan edukasi dan pelatihan melalui PKM, terjadi peningkatan sebesar 11% dalam pemahaman tentang GMP. Hal ini menunjukkan efektivitas program dalam meningkatkan kesadaran dan pengetahuan tentang praktik penambangan yang baik dan benar di kalangan peserta.
Modifikasi dan Inovasi Ikan Bandeng Menjadi Produk Olahan Basreng
Authors: Zainul L. M. , Wijaya Andri Satria
Published: September 2024

Pengabdian masyarakat dalam bentuk pembuatan produk olahan basreng dari ikan bandeng ini dilakukan pada kelompok ibu-ibu RT 01 dan kelompok ibu-ibu kader di Kelurahan Gersik, Kecamatan Penajam, Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Dalam kegiatan ini, produsen mempunyai tujuan yaitu memberikan ide bisnis baru bagi UMKM atau sebagian masyarakat dengan memanfaatkan hasil budidaya ikan bandeng sekitar menjadi sebuah produk olahan berupa basreng, yang menjadi sebuah inovasi baru bagi pelaku usaha sekitar dan bisa menjadi ide bisnis yang baru. Pembuatan olahan basreng ini dilaksanakan di PAUD yang tidak gunakan di RT 01. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama 1 hari pada hari Senin, 19 Febuari 2024. Dalam kegiatan ini, tim pengabdi menyampaikan bagaimana cara membuat produk basreng ini dengan menggunakan bahan ikan bandeng dan juga sharing bersama dengan ibu-ibu mengenai produk ini. Hal ini dilakukan agar produk yang dibuat dapat menjadi sebuah inovasi bisnis baru yang belum ada di wilayah kelurahan Gersik. Hasil dari pembuatan produk ini adalah memberikan sebuah ide baru dan dapat merasakan produk dari basreng itu sendiri agar bisa dijual kembali dan dapat memajukan perekonomian lingkungan sekitar.
Sosialisai Penetapan Harga Jual Produk Terhadap Profit UMKM di Kelurahan Karang Joang
Authors: Jepri Jepri , Amilia Karina , Wijaya Franky Purnama
Published: September 2024

Hampir keseluruhan dan mayoritas pelaku UMKM di Kelurahan Karang Joang Kota Balikpapan, tepatnya di Gang Banyumas KM 15 RT 32 dan sekitarnya, memiliki pemahaman yang kurang memadai tentang perhitungan harga jual produk dengan tepat. Para pelaku UMKM belum mengidentifikasi dan menghitung biaya dengan optimal sehingga menyebabkan profit yang dihasilkan kurang maksimal. Menanggapi permasalahan ini, pengabdi akan melaksanakan program kerja “Sosialisasi Penetapan Harga Jual Produk Terhadap Profit UMKM di Kelurahan Karang Joang” kepada pelaku UMKM dan warga RT 32 dan sekitarnya di KM 15 Kelurahan Karang Joang, Kecamatan Balikpapan Utara, Kota Balikpapan. Tujuan sosialisasi ini adalah untuk menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan pelaku UMKM dalam mengidentifikasi biaya dan menetapkan harga jual produk dengan lebih optimal. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini diikuti oleh 33 peserta, termasuk pelaku UMKM dan warga sekitar. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman di kalangan peserta mengenai metode penetapan harga jual produk yang tepat. Para pelaku UMKM mulai mampu mengidentifikasi biaya-biaya yang terlibat dan menghitung harga jual dengan lebih akurat, sehingga potensi profit yang diperoleh menjadi lebih maksimal.
Sosialisasi Pemeliharaan Alat Kesehatan Timbangan Bayi Pada Posyandu Petunjuk Kalbu Kelurahan Sukajadi
Authors: Mulyadi Romi , Siregar Albirruni , Putra Nursaka , Angelin Nadia , Kurniawan Fajar
Published: September 2024

Pemeliharaan dan kalibrasi alat kesehatan kecenderungannya hanya dilakukan saat akan menghadapi akreditasi puskesmas saja. Kegiatan ini belum dilakukan secara terencana dan kontinu. Minimnya sosialisasi, terbatasnya sebaran personil, dan jumlah laboratorium kalibrasi yang belum memenuhi syarat. Sasaran pengabdian masyarakat adalah Posyandu Petunjuk Kalbu yang merupakan posyandu pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat yang terletak di Gang Dahlia, Kelurahan Sukajadi, dimana kelompok posyandu ini belum memahami dan mengetahui bagaimana cara mengakalibrasi alat kesehatan dan belum terpapar bagaimana cara perbaikan, perawatan, dan kalibrasi internal peralatan kesehatan. Metode kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan dengan melakukan pemaparan materi, kegiatan praktik kalibrasi, dan review hasil kegiatan sosialisasi, maintenance berupa perbaikan dan kalibrasi peralatan khusunya pada timbangan bayi. Sehingga masyarakat perlu dilakukan sosialisasi tentang manajemen perawatan dan pemakaian alat kesehatan pada timbangan bayi. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat pada Posyandu Petunjuk Kalbu, kader posyadu dan masyarakat mampu memahami dan mengetahui dengan sangat baik, yang dibuktikan dengan pemberian soal pretest dan soal posttest sebanyak 10 pertanyaan, dimana setelah dilakukan pemberian materi masyarakat mampu menjawab dengan benar dari 10 pertanyaan yang diberikan degan nilai jawaban tertinggi pada soal nomor 7 sebanyak 29 orang. Dengan pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini, maka diharapkan kader posyandu sudah memahami dengan baik terkait perbaikan dan kalibrasi pada timbangan bayi.
Pelatihan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan kepada Pelaku UKM di Rumah BUMN Sumsel
Authors: Ratu Mutiara Kemala , Emilda Emilda , Meiriasari Vhika , Savira Okky
Published: September 2024

Pelatihan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan merupakan salah satu materi penting dalam menunjang pengetahuan literasi keuangan dan meningkatkan kemampuan penyusunan laporan keuangan oleh masyarakat terutama mereka yang berperan sebagai pelaku UKM. Pelaku UKM secara nyata memerlukan laporan keuangan untuk mempermudah pengambilan keputusan dalam keberlangsungan usaha mereka bahkan jika diperlukan juga untuk pelaporan pajak usaha. Kegiatan pelatihan ini dilaksanakan dengan mitra Rumah BUMN Sumsel sebagai panitia penyelenggara dan beberapa pelaku UKM di Palembang yang menjadi peserta. Para peserta kegiatan pelatihan ini akan diberikan pretest dan posttest mengenai penyusunan laporan keuangan sebagai bentuk evaluasi atas keberlanjutan pelatihan. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa secara rata-rata terdapat peningkatan yang cukup signifikan sebesar 60,9% atas kemampuan para peserta. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan penyusunan laporan keuangan diterima dan diterapkan dengan baik oleh para peserta yang berperan sebagai pelaku UKM.
Limited property rights to agricultural land plots: status and prospects
Authors:   Kyiv National University named after Taras Shevchenko, Yankovskyi Valeriy
Published: September 2024

The article is dedicated to the realization of limited property rights to agricultural land plots. The author thoroughly examines the regulatory and legal framework of this issue and its doctrinal elaboration. The problematic aspects related to the realization of limited property rights are highlighted. It is noted that the current legislation lacks a clear definition of “limited property rights,” but such a concept may emerge during the update of civil legislation. The scientific literature presents a moderate view on the legal nature of limited property rights, necessitating a summary of different perspectives. The author’s proactive proposals for amending the current legislation are a significant step towards eliminating the existing gaps and ensuring legal certainty in the regulation of the relevant relations. The author also establishes that in today’s environment, the variability of property rights in terms of their content comes to the fore, which calls into question the absolute nature of these rights. This circumstance necessitates a study of an actual contract or a dispositive transaction, given that they (these rights) may be the objects of such contracts or transactions, and this requires the development of a universal contractual basis for the establishment of property rights. It is proposed that within the framework of recodification of civil legislation and considering the peculiarities of the national legal system and the specifics of national legislation, it is possible to consider the introduction of such a structure since this will ensure an inevitable unification of national legislation with EU legislation. In this study, the author used legal analysis and synthesis, systemic and structural, and comparative legal and formal logical methods to analyse the relevant legislation and doctrine and propose amendments to civil legislation. Keywords: freedom of will of the parties to the employment contract; change of employment contract, employee, employer, labor relations, work, labor contract, parties of labor contract, transfer, transfer, change of essential working conditions, right to work.
Business Tourism in Georgia – Reality and Perspectives
Authors: Nana Nadareishvili Nana Nadareishvili
Published: September 2024

Business tourism in Georgia has been actively developing in recent years. In 2022, 6.6% of the total number of visitors was on business visits, and 6.8% in 2023. In 2023, the country received USD 4.1 billion in revenue from tourism, which is 26.2% higher than the pre-pandemic figure in 2019. With the 2022 ranking of business meetings of the world countries, Georgia ranks 64th with 18 meetings, while Tbilisi is ranked 129th in the ranking of world cities with 16 business meetings. There is a lack of halls for 1,000 people in Georgia to hold large forums. Under construction in Tbilisi, Panorama Sololak, with a capacity of more than 3,000 delegates, is expected to add the largest conference space to the city's MICE market. Over the next few years, 15 hotels of the international brand will increase the market of Tbilisi MICE with an area of 12,537 sq. m., with a total capacity of 8,485 guests. On July 4, 2024, the National Tourism Administration organized the International Prestige Forum of Business Tourism M&I Tbilisi 2024 in Tbilisi. Within 4 days, representatives of the leading European companies participated in it. The forum had about 200 participants, of which 68 foreign companies visited Georgia specifically to learn about Georgia's capabilities, its infrastructure and potential.
Keywords: Business Tourism, MICE Tourism.