bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação sob a luz da Educação Inclusiva e dos Direitos Humanos
Authors: Maia Samia Darcila Barros , Souza Cleverton José Farias de , Ferreira Lúcio Fernandes
Published: September 2020

O objetivo do presente artigo é realizar uma reflexão teórica acerca do Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação (TDC) na perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva, oriunda de uma revisão literária de caráter qualitativo com o aporte primordial da Legislação Educacional Brasileira sob a luz dos Direitos Humanos. Abordamos as etapas de identificação deste transtorno em crianças e adolescentes, sua influência nas atividades de vida escolar bem como a importância do papel da escola, a percepção dos professores no reconhecimento deste fenômeno e seu atendimento, a fim de reduzir as dificuldades escolares. A metodologia é de revisão bibliográfica. Nossos resultados chamam a atenção do leitor quanto a prevalência do TDC, para os altos índices de alunos com indicativo deste transtorno nos âmbitos internacional, nacional e no contexto amazônico, bem como o negligenciamento das necessidades educacionais especiais de alunos com este tipo de transtorno. Faz-se necessário que este público seja percebido, identificado e reconhecido, pois a inclusão do aluno com TDC é muito mais do que uma questão escolar, é uma questão de Direitos Humanos.
O coordenador pedagógico enquanto articulador de uma educação inclusiva: dos documentos legais às práticas educativas
Authors: Parente Dheysa Paulo , Guedes Anatália Franco Silva , Moreira Heloisa Beatriz Cordeiro , Alves Francisco Régis Vieira
Published: September 2020

A mudança na ótica de integração para uma educação inclusiva dá-se a partir do reconhecimento da educação enquanto um direito de todos estabelecido pela Constituição Federal de 1988. Porém, apesar de garantida na lei, a inclusão de alunos com deficiência ainda é um desafio. Este artigo buscou discutir alguns caminhos para que esta inclusão seja efetivada. Para isso destacamos a importância do conhecimento de dois marcos regulatórios relativos à política inclusiva pelos agentes escolares: a Convenção da Guatemala (1999) e a Lei Brasileira de Inclusão (LBI/2015). No primeiro momento é feito um breve histórico da política de inclusão escolar e a importância da Convenção da Guatemala e da Lei Brasileira de Inclusão na legislação educacional inclusiva no Brasil; discutimos o papel do coordenador pedagógico como agente mobilizador e articulador de práticas pedagógicas inclusivas na escola e propomos ações para a implementação da inclusão no ambiente escolar. O estudo foi elaborado a partir de produções teóricas importantes e recentes de pesquisadores que estudam essa temática. A pesquisa é bibliográfica e documental com abordagem qualitativa. Para embasar a pesquisa utilizamos como aporte livros, artigos acadêmicos, legislação e dissertações acerca da inclusão escolar da pessoa com deficiência. A partir do estudo realizado, podemos concluir que a inclusão requer desde o conhecimento dos dispositivos legais à implementação de práticas educativas inclusivas para que se elimine a distância existente entre as leis e as ações no processo de ensino.
Atuação dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde para as ações de controle da hanseníase: um protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: Bolorino Natacha , Scholze Alessandro Rolim , Ricardo Izabela Nayara , Freitas Franciely Midori Bueno de , Ribeiro Laís Cristina Gonçalves , Melo Simone Cristina Castanho Sabaini de , Ferreira Natalia Marciano de Araújo , Pieri Flávia Meneguetti
Published: September 2020

Este protocolo de revisão tem como objetivo mapear e descrever as evidências científicas sobre as ações de controle da hanseníase conforme a atuação do agente comunitário de saúde frente aos atributos da atenção primária à saúde. O protocolo foi elaborado com base nas orientações do Instituto Joanna Briggs (IJB) e pela metodologia proposta por Arksey e O’Malley além disso, atenderá as recomendações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analyses - Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Esse protocolo norteará a sistematização do desenvolvimento da revisão de escopo para a descrição e mapeamento do panorama da atuação do agente comunitário nas ações de controle da hanseníase evidenciados na literatura nacional e internacional.
Contaminação por fungos e micotoxinas em grãos de trigo do Paraná e importado do Paraguai
Authors: Kolling Caio Ericles , Nozaki Márcia de Holanda , Corrêia Arlindo Fabrício , Gonçalves Larissa Aparecida , Rampim Leandro
Published: September 2020

O trigo (Triticun aestivum L.) é um dos cereais mais produzidos no mundo. Há limitações como o excesso de chuvas e altas temperaturas que facilitam a incidência de doenças, e no armazenamento de grãos, cria-se um microclima ideal, podendo ocasionar a produção de micotoxinas. Portanto esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade fitossanitária em grãos de trigo do Oeste do Paraná e de importação do Paraguai. As amostras de trigo foram coletadas de cooperativas agrícolas, sendo 4 lotes do Paraguai e 4 lotes do Oeste do Paraná. A análise de micotoxinas foi realizada através de um laboratório de análise de rações e a análise de contaminação fúngica foi realizada na PUCPR campus Toledo, pelo método do papel filtro (Blotter test), pela incubação dos grãos em caixas gerbox, com 50 sementes. Após 7 dias foi analisado os gêneros de fungos e a percentagem de incidência de cada. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de Kruskal – Wallis para comparação das médias ao nível de 5% de significância. As micotoxinas contaminantes nos lotes de trigo do Oeste do Paraná e Paraguai não foram necessariamente relevantes para a segurança alimentar de acordo com as normativas e o índice de Zearalenona foi superior para um dos lotes oriundo do Paraguai. Para a incidência de fungos um lote do Oeste do Paraná teve maior contaminação de Colletotrichum spp. e Fusarium spp., enquanto que de importação do Paraguai, foi para Rhizopus spp. e Bipolaris spp.
Levantamento dos serviços farmacêuticos ofertados pelas farmácias e drogarias do Município de Toledo, Estado do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Jean Carlos de , Otenio Joice Karina , Miranda Nathielle , Hoscheid Jaqueline
Published: September 2020

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento dos serviços farmacêuticos prestados pelas farmácias e drogarias da sede do município de Toledo/PR e analisar a qualidade dos serviços ofertados. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal em 64 farmácias e drogarias do município de Toledo/PR, no período entre junho e julho de 2017. Todos os estabelecimentos foram visitados duas vezes. Na primeira visita, através de um questionário, o farmacêutico respondeu sobre os serviços realizados no estabelecimento e sobre as condições em que os serviços foram realizados. Na segunda visita, foram verificados quais os serviços que o estabelecimento estava autorizado a realizar, conforme descrito na licença sanitária, se algum tipo de serviço era realizado na área de dispensação e circulação de pessoas, se o farmacêutico estava presente e se o estabelecimento prestava algum tipo de serviço não permitido. Através dos resultados encontrados, concluiu-se que a grande maioria dos estabelecimentos prestavam serviços farmacêuticos para a população em condições aceitáveis. Porém, em alguns casos, o farmacêutico não estava presente para supervisionar os procedimentos, o serviço era realizado em local inadequado, de forma irregular e/ou não fornecia a declaração de serviços farmacêuticos ao paciente.
Avaliação de carcaça de cordeiros em sistema de confinamento alimentados com dieta 100% concentrado e dieta com inclusão de óleo residual
Authors: Oliveira Palloma Vitória Carlos de , Batista Nayane Valente , Silva Nícolas Lima , Melo Vitor Lucas de Lima , Firmino Salenilda Soares , Souza Joice Teixeira , Araújo Bruno Vinicios Silva de , Azevedo Neto Claudomiro Ovídio de , Oliveira Pâmara Virna Carlos de , Pinedo Lerner Arévalo , Lima Patrícia de Oliveira
Published: September 2020

Objetivou-se, realizar avaliação de carcaça de cordeiros em sistema de confinamento alimentados com dieta 100% concentrado e dieta com inclusão de óleo residual, de modo a identificar qual dieta proporciona melhor desempenho. Foram utilizados 15 ovinos machos, não castrados, mestiços de Dorper × Santa Inês, com seis meses, confinado em baias coletivas por 50 dias. Os tratamentos foram os seguintes: Dieta Controle (CT) - Feno de Tifton + concentrado; Dieta de alto grão (AG) - Dieta 100% concentrado comercial para ovinos; Dieta com óleo residual de fritura (ORF) - Feno de tifton + concentrado + óleo residual de fritura. Semanalmente durante o período de confinamento foram coletadas as medidas morfométricas: altura de cernelha, altura de garupa, perímetro torácico e comprimento corporal para avaliação de carcaça. Não houve diferença estatística para consumo de matéria seca, ganho de peso, altura de garupa, altura de cernelha, comprimento do corpo, perímetro torácico, rendimento de carcaça, peso de carcaça, perímetro de patela de carcaça, comprimento de pernil da carcaça e perímetro de pernil da carcaça (P>0,05) entre a dieta controle e com inclusão de 6% de óleo residual. Apesar de não diferir estatisticamente da dieta controle, a inclusão de óleo residual promoveu superioridade de consumo de matéria seca, ganho de peso total, peso de carcaça quente e fria e perímetro torácico de carcaça quente em relação aos animais alimentados com dieta de alto grão. A dieta com inclusão de 6% de óleo residual proporcionou melhores resultados produtivos e desempenho aos cordeiros.
Evidências científicas acerca dos efeitos do exercício físico na densidade mineral óssea de idosos
Authors: Cortez Antonio Carlos Leal , Pernambuco Carlos Soares , Masi Fabrízio Di , Noleto Matheus Alencar , Abreu Matheus Alves de , Dantas Estélio Henrique Martin
Published: September 2020

Introdução: O exercício físico é indicado como medida profilática no tratamento da osteoporose, diminuindo a perda da massa óssea, bem como, em alguns casos proporcionando sua remodelação. Objetivo: Analisar, através de uma revisão sistemática, as evidências científicas acerca dos efeitos do exercício físico na densidade mineral óssea de idosos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão sistemática da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados SciELO,  BVS, PubMed, Web of Science através dos descritores controlados, Idoso, Exercício e Densidade Mineral Óssea, bem como suas traduções para o espanhol e inglês, de acordo com os DeCS e Mesh, publicados entre os anos de 2014 a 2019. Resultados: Levando-se em consideração o Protocolo de Exercícios, os testes mais aplicados foram, Raios X de Dupla Energia (DXA) com 66,66% seguindo pelos cálculos do índice de massa corporal (IMC) com 22,22%, além dos testes de caminhada, Clinical Falls Instrumento de avaliação de riscos (QuickScreen), Timed Up and Go (TUG),  Teste de Alcance Funcional (FRT),  1 repetição máxima (RM), vibração vertical plataforma Fitvibe Excel Pro, todos com 11,12%. Vale a pena ressaltar que houve relação significativa entre o exercício físico e o incremento da DMO, nos estudos selecionados. Conclusão: De acordo com os resultados obtidos nessa revisão, podemos concluir que o exercício físico atua de forma significativa na profilaxia e tratamento da osteoporose.
Socioeconomic impacts with the implementation of the railroad EF-118 RJ/ES: comparison of cargo logistics at the Port of Açu
Authors: Valinho Matheus Novaes , Cescon Jhenifer Terezinha Aparecida Mattos , Simoni Ana Paula Roem , Zambrotti Lucília de Lourdes Pellozo
Published: September 2020

Since the beginning of operations in 2014, Port of Açu has shown significant growth in relation to cargo handling, with all demand dependent on road transport. However, there is a proposal for the implementation of the EF-118 railway that would interconnect Rio de Janeiro and Vitória, serving the region of Port. This work seeks to economically evaluate the advantages of the implementation of the railway modal compared to the roadway already used in the region. Due to the intense flow of cargo in the Industrial-Port Complex, the possibility of building a new highway, the RJ-244, is being studied, extending from the industrial district to BR-101. For this purpose, surveys were conducted to determine the average daily volume of vehicles circulating in the region, in addition to the different types of cargo transported and their relationship with Port. Based on the information collected in the Traffic Studies Report issued, it was possible to relate data and achieve at the value of the average annual daily volume for each category of cargo handled in the Port. Bearing in mind that in 2019, Port of Açu handled approximately 751 thousand tons of cargo and analyzing the estimated costs by ABIFER for road and rail transport, the approximate cost values for each one per ton of cargo per kilometer were reached. Comparing values, it is possible to notice that the cost of transporting cargo by rail corresponds to about 16.6% of the amount spent on transporting of the same weight of cargo by road, which means a considerable advantage for its implementation.
Stable isotopes suggest fine-scale sexual segregation in an isolated, endangered sperm whale population
Authors: Pirotta E , Vighi M , Brotons JM , Dillane E , Cerdà M , Rendell L
Published: September 2020

Sexual segregation is common among marine mammals, leading to intraspecific differences in diet, diving behaviour, home range size and even latitudinal distribution and migratory patterns. Sperm whalesPhyseter macrocephaluspresent one of the most extreme examples of sexual dimorphism both in size and social structure, with males and females segregating at different latitudes across most of their range, but the underlying ecological drivers remain unclear. Studying fine-scale dietary and habitat differences where the sexes occur in sympatry could therefore provide insights into the mechanisms underpinning their large-scale segregation. In this study, we analysed the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values in the skin of males and females from an isolated, endangered population inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea, sampled in a region where the sexes occur and feed regularly in the summer months but show subtle differences in habitat preference. We found marked differences in both carbon and nitrogen isotopic values between the sexes, indicating that they could be targeting prey items in different trophic levels and habitats. Combined with the evidence from habitat modelling studies, our results suggest that female and male sperm whales segregate even in the latitudinally restricted Mediterranean population, at a much smaller scale. This sympatric, fine-scale sexual segregation suggests that reduction of competition may have been a key factor in the evolution of the social structure and large-scale latitudinal segregation of this species.
Appraisal Analysis of Tempo’s and Kompas’ Editorials on Papua Cases
Authors: Daniarsa Hanna Latifani , Mulatsih Sri
Published: September 2020

This study is entitled Appraisal Analysis of Tempo’s and Kompas’ Editorials on Papua Cases. This research aims to find what kind of appraisal items used in Tempo’s editorial entitled “Misunderstanding Papua” and in Kompas’ entitled “Exodus and Urgent Action”, as well as to describe the differences between them in term of appraisal. Descriptive qualitative were used as the research method. Martin and White (2005) and Martin and Rose (2007) theories regarding appraisal are used as the theoretical framework. Firstly, the editorials that talked about Papuan demonstration in September 23, 2019 were collected from Tempo’s and Kompas’ website. The data obtained were analyzed by identifying the appraising items in each clause. Then, the clauses containing appraising items were classified into the appropriate kind of appraisal items. After that, each appraisal items found were explained and the meaning behind were interpreted. And the last, drew the conclusion. The result reveals that in term of attitude, Tempo’s editorial uses more negative judgement and the appraised item is mostly the government. It shows that Tempo is not afraid to criticize the government. Meanwhile Kompas uses more negative affect and the appraised items are mainly Papuan people and the condition in Papua. It shows that Kompas chooses to express their sympathy more to those affected by the riots. In term of graduation, both editorials use more force than focus, especially intensification, to raise/emphasize their evaluation. As for engagement, Tempo and Kompas use more monogloss than heterogloss. This shows that opinions from both editorials mostly come from the writer only.Keywords: Appraisal, Attitude, Graduation, Engagement, Editorial
Techniques of Translating Interjection in the Novel “Looking For Alaska” in Terms of Functions, Meanings, and Categories
Authors: Wahid Muhammad Izzul , Basari Achmad
Published: September 2020

The objective of this research is to find out the functions, meanings, and categories of interjections, and the translation technique practiced by the Indonesian translator to translate English interjection found in the novel Looking for Alaska or Mencari Alaska in Indonesian. This research is adopting a descriptive qualitative, with the novel of Looking for Alaska and Mencari Alaska as the primary source of the data. Since the data collection of interjections is found in the book, it can be classified as content analysis. The researchers found out that there are six translation techniques used by the translators to translate interjections, six kinds of interjections in terms of functions and meanings, and three kinds of interjections in terms of categories found in the novel. Those six translation techniques are 164 interjections (41,21%) for literal translation technique, 49 interjections (12,31%) for translation by using an interjection with similar meaning and form technique, 61 interjection (15,33%) for translation by using an interjection with different forms, but the same meaning, 11 interjections (2,76%) for partly deleted omission technique, 9 interjections (2,26%) for total deleted omission technique, 8 interjections (2,01%) for addition technique, 58 interjections (10,80%) for pure borrowing technique, and 53 interjections (13,32%) for naturalized borrowing technique. From the research finding of the interjection regarding functions and meanings, there is a total of 419 types of English interjections where the researchers divided into six classes. Those types of function are: 5 (1,19%) data of interjection are used to greet, 35 (8,35%) data of interjection are used to express joy, 57 (13,37%) data of interjection are used to get attention, 169 (40,33) data of interjection are used to express approval, 120 (28,64%) data of interjection are used to express a surprise, and 34 (8,11) data of interjection used to express sorrow. Then from the research finding of interjection regarding category, there is a total of 419 data of English interjections where the researchers divided into three classes, those classes are 72 (17,18%) data of primary interjection, 336 (80,19%) data of secondary, and 11 (2,63%) data of onomatopoeic interjection. The findings of this study show that the translation techniques mostly used by the translators to translate an English interjection is translation by literal translation and translation by borrowing technique. In contrast, the least used translation technique is the addition technique that the translators rarely used it to translate the interjection.Keywords: Interjection, Interjection Translation, Looking for Alaska, Mencari Alaska, Translation Technique.
Intersecting Terrorism Studies
Authors: Gentry Caron E.
Published: September 2020

The chapter begins by looking at a feminist conceptualisation of civil disorder as related to gender and the threat of the feminine to public order. Understanding that the feminine is already disordered is important, but so is post-colonialism and Queer theory’s arguments that there are other forms of disorder as well. This idea of disorder as a deviation from power structures aligns nicely with ‘epistemic biases,’ which is both introduced and applied to terrorism. The perspective that terrorism is devoid of any rationality and morality are examples of an epistemic bias. Therefore, the rest of the chapter explores rationality and morality in further depth through the New Terrorism thesis and the Westphalian myth, respectively.
Conclusion: Disordered Violence
Authors: Gentry Caron E.
Published: September 2020

This chapter returns the reader to the questions posed in earlier chapters, particularly looking at who gets harmed when the label of terrorist is used. It argues that scholars—and policy-makers and journalists, amongst others—have a responsibility to their subject matter and to the individuals they study. Thus, to use ‘terrorism’ and ‘terrorist’ as a label may at times be apt, but using the label comes with power and that must be recognised. To use the label relies upon historical gendered, racialised, and heteronormative understandings and structures. Therefore, ‘terrorism’ is never written nor spoken in a neutral way; it always come with some (or a great deal of) harm.
Lineages of Hope and Despair
Authors: Johnson David
Published: September 2020

Literary and political expressions of the liberal dream of freedom from the 1880s to the 1970s are analysed in the opening chapter. The liberal dream’s lineage in political discourse is analysed in Cecil John Rhodes’s dreams of unifying South Africa in the 1890s; Olive Schreiner’s political journalism from the 1880s to the 1910s; the ANC’s Bill of Rights of 1923; H. Selby Msimang’s pamphlet The Crisis (1936); R. F. A. Hoernlé’s lectures South African Native Policy and the Liberal Spirit (1939); the ANC’s African Claims in South Africa (1943); the ANC’s Freedom Charter (1955); and the Liberal Party’s Blueprint for South Africa (1958). In juxtaposition with these political texts, the following literary texts articulating the liberal dream of freedom are analysed: Olive Schreiner’s Dreams (1890); J. A. D. Smith’s The Great Southern Revolution (1893); Archibald Lamont’s South Africa in Mars (1923); George Heaton Nicholls’s Bayete! (1923); S. E. K. Mqhayi’s U-Don Jadu (1929); Arthur Keppel-Jones’s When Smuts Goes (1947); Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved Country (1948); Lewis Sowden’s Tomorrow’s Comet (1951); Garry Allighan’s Verwoerd
—The End (1961); Anthony Delius’s The Day Natal Took Off (1963); Karel Schoeman’s The Promised Land (1972); and Jordan Ngubane’s Ushaba: The Hurtle to Blood River (1974).
The Industrial and Commercial Workers Union (ICU) and the Language of Freedom
Authors: Johnson David
Published: September 2020

The second dream of freedom is the ICU’s utopian mix of Christianity, Garveyism, Communism, British trade unionism and vernacular freedoms. Due attention is directed to each of these distinct political discourses which marked the evolution of the ICU through the 1920s. The influence of Christianity is identified in the pages of the Workers’ Herald and in the speeches of Clements Kadalie; of Garveyism in the pages of The Black Man and the writings of Bennett Ncwana and James Thaele; of British trade unionism in the writings of William Ballinger; and of vernacular freedoms in the speeches of ICU leaders P. S. Sijadu and Dorrington Mqayi. Complementing the discussion of these political texts are analyses of the contemporaneous dreams of freedom expressed in literary form, both original literary works and literary appropriations: James La Guma’s poems; Kadalie’s adaptations of Swinburne and Henley; A. W. G. Champion’s religious poems and adoptions of abolitionist verse; Ethelreda Lewis’s novel Wild Deer (1933) and her anti-Communist column ‘The Book Shelf’ in the Workers Herald; and Winnifred Holtby’s novel Mandoa, Mandoa (1933) and her promotion of a liberal literary culture within the ICU.
Soviet Freedom in South Africa
Authors: Johnson David
Published: September 2020

The reception in South Africa of the utopian tradition initiated by Marx, Engels and Lenin is analysed, focusing on the period from 1910 to 1930. The chapter examines the early South African dreams of freedom derived from or influenced by classical Marxism: the political journalism of Olive Schreiner from the 1880s to 1920; the novel 1960 (A Retrospect) by James and Margaret Scott Marshall; the Christian-influenced dreams of David Ivon Jones and Josiah Gumede; the 1928 Native Republic Thesis prescribed for South Africa by the Soviet Union’s Comintern; the literary visions of freedom of Edward Roux (inspired by Swinburne) and J. T. Bain (inspired by William Morris), as well as the many dreams expressed in literary form in the pages of The International and successor CPSA newspapers The South African Worker and Umsebenzi; J. M. Gibson’s ideal of an economic freedom that supersedes the political freedoms of liberalism; and the Stalinist telos driven by ‘the deepening economic crisis’ and culminating in the dictatorship of the proletariat. Roux’s political cartoons envisioning freedom and published in Umsebenzi are analysed.
Conclusion
Authors: Johnson David
Published: September 2020

The iconic moments in the ANC road to freedom (the 1923 Bill of Rights; the 1943 African Claims; the 1955 Freedom Charter) are juxtaposed to an alternative political tradition comprised of the 1926 ICU Manifesto; the CPSA’s 1928 Native Republic Thesis; the NEUM’s 1943 Ten-Pont Programme; and the PAC’s 1959 Manifesto. In imagining alternatives to capitalism and the nation state, this tradition of ‘failed’ dreams exceeds the prescriptions of centrist liberalism. Conclusions about the literary dreams of freedom discussed in the book include: that literary dreams expressing hope out-number those expressing despair; that a majority of the dreams emphasize economic equality as much as political freedom; and that most of the literary dreams of freedom were produced at specific historical conjunctures (the 1920s and the 1940s). Contrasting the dreams of freedom from the 1880s to the 1970s with a selection of forty short projections of the future produced in 2014 (twenty years after the formal end of apartheid), it is evident that dystopian visions have replaced the tendency to utopianism in the earlier period.
Trickster Narratives and Carnivalesque Intermediality in Contemporary Romanian Cinema
Authors: Stojanova Christina
Published: September 2020

Based on similarities in Mikhail Bakhtin's and Carl Gustav Jung's ideas about dialogism, this chapter discusses the inclusion of sequences featuring heterogenic audio-visual media of conspicuously lower quality – the shooting of a film, TV reportage, a home video – in representative selection of films by veteran Romanian directors Mircea Daneliuc and Lucian Pintilie, as well as in films by Corneliu Porumboiu and Gabriel Achim from the New Romanian Cinema generation. The chapter then argues that the resultant intermedial carnivalesque, or trickster narrative, is facilitated by a Trickster figure, usually a director's stand-in of ambiguous cultural, ideological and ethical repute. This self-reflexive and meta-médiatique versatility of Trickster narratives, the chapter concludes, have proven time and again to be superb vehicles for cinematic encoding, which explains the fascination of Romanian film auteurs with tricksterish re-enactments and intermedial carnivalesque.
Superhero Genre and Graphic Storytelling in Contemporary Hungarian and Russian Cinema
Authors: Kránicz Bence
Published: September 2020

The chapter examines how certain contemporary Eastern European genre films use superhero stories rooted in American comic books, and apply specific techniques and methods of the comic book form. Besides the visual connections between the two media, film and comics, the chapter also addresses intermediality and adaptation through the representation of the superhero, and deals with questions concerning postcolonial and post-socialist interpretations of superhero adaptations outside of the United States. It focusses on the connections and continuity between national mass culture, folklore and contemporary national genre films. The interpretations focus primarily on Shaman Vs. Ikarus (György Pálfi, Hungary, 2002) and Black Lightning (Dmitry Kiselev – Aleksandr Voitinsky, Russia, 2009), but also build on the context of other non-American superhero movies, Russian genre films and Hungarian art films.
Experiment, Inscription and the Archive: Kathy Acker’s Manuscript Practice
Authors: Colby Georgina
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the significance of the archive to a reading of avant-garde writing, taking the work of Kathy Acker as a case study. Utilising a framework of genetic criticism, the chapter explores the relation between the avant-texte and an avant-garde politics of materiality. Examining Acker’s original artwork for Blood and Guts in High School (1978) housed in the Kathy Acker Papers at Duke University, the chapter contends that the avant-textes reveal a feminist politics of materiality at work in Acker’s compositions. Through the lens of Johanna Drucker’s work on diagrammatic writing and performative materiality, the chapter argues for the avant-texte as a site of socio-political material resistance. The diagrammatic in Acker’s work demands new reading practices commensurate with this resistance.
Rereading Race and Commodity Form in Erica Hunt’s Piece Logic
Authors: Chen Chris
Published: September 2020

Centered on the work of contemporary experimental poet and critic Erica Hunt, this chapter argues that the author’s chapbook Piece Logic (2002) offers an implicit critique of postwar liberal antiracist ideals of racial progress understood primarily in terms of desegregated national inclusion within what Roland Marchand has called a “democracy of goods.” In this chapbook, Hunt explores how relations between subjects within and beyond the boundaries of the United States have been reshaped by an increasingly comprehensive system of differential economic valuation that redefines the meaning of racial difference, citizenship, family, and the material limits of formal equality. Hunt’s collection draws attention to how postwar processes of racial group formation are shaped by what Karl Marx calls “the fetishism of the commodity”, in which the life cycle of disposable objects mirrors the fate of racialized disposable or “surplus” populations. The devaluation and destruction of commodities, the chapter maintains, reflect a postwar racial order in which blackness comes to signify a limit case of relative expendability and the “broken” underside of postwar dreams of limitless consumer abundance.
The Deliberative Voice: The Dialogue with the Empress-Mother on Marriage
Authors: Leonte Florin
Published: September 2020

This chapter deals with Manuel’s Dialogue with the Empress-Mother on Marriage, corresponds to a strategy of conveying political messages that is characterised by a sense of conversationalism and intimacy between the two interlocutors, the emperor and his mother Helena. It is argued that the Dialogue features a rather informal approach to the problems of dynastic succession during a period of prolonged Ottoman blockade. Notably, the author combines deliberative and demonstrative topics on the basis of which he outlines several traits of the representation of imperial power in late Byzantium. Thus, here he presents a dramatised version of his political messages whereby the emperor pictures himself as defending his choices and arguing against possible criticisms regarding his social responsibility. The analysis of the demonstrative and the deliberative approaches in the text allows for a partial reconstruction of Manuel’s political strategies and, ultimately, of his style of government. In terms of style, praise was left aside in favour of a deliberative stance and a more applied discussion of concrete situations that provide suggestions for future action.
The Didactic Voice: The Foundations of an Imperial Education
Authors: Leonte Florin
Published: September 2020

This chapter analyses how the emperor fashioned his didactic voice and how it functioned in a typical text of advice. It argues that the Foundations combines the tradition of political advice inaugurated by Agapetos, the gnomic tradition, and the tradition of theological centuria providing moral and theological principles. The generic strands present in the text allow for a multifaceted authorial voice less formal than that in previous similar texts. The Foundations stands as more than a list of principles for the emperor’s conduct: it is rather a complex guide for understanding, managing and implementing ethical axioms. Manuel injected a degree of political realism and paternal intimacy, features absent from the court rhetoric of the period. In re-elaborating the gnomic tradition, Manuel partly positioned himself outside the traditional tenets transmitted via other texts of advice. This chapter suggests that one should shy away from placing the Foundations in the category of ‘princely mirrors’, at least because that fails to explain the core features of the text: intimacy and political advice.
The Laws of the Kings – A View from a Distance
Authors: Smith Christopher
Published: September 2020

Given the huge problem of the reliability of the sources, this chapter tries to give an account of the emergence of Roman legislation which almost does away with both texts and reference to the historical narrative. It focuses on the sort of law which a settlement of Rome’s size and complexity would have needed. It therefore looks at both the archaeological evidence, and the anthropological accounts of co-operation and early lawmaking, especially in regard to markets and the emergence of religious systems. It concludes that Rome almost certainly did have laws and regulations, that these may have involved the kings, but that the legal texts give us only an oblique understanding.
Critical Reception and the International Film Festival
Authors: Barradas Jorge Nuno
Published: September 2020

This chapter investigates symbolic and economic value formations surrounding Pedro Costa and his films Where Does Your Hidden Smile Lie? (2001) and Colossal Youth (2005). It assesses nuanced and, at times, dissonant statuses of artistic consecration taking place on the international film festival circuit, and conferred through film criticism. Such analysis considers various forms of prestige generated at the reception level, particularly with regard to the role of film criticism in situating Costa’s work under particular filmic and cinephile-related taste and cultural categories. This chapter also offers further readings of different forms of capital at stake in the international film festival by examining the economic and symbolic value synergies which made possible the production of A Caça ao Coelho com Pau (The Rabbit Hunters), a 2007 short film commissioned by the Jeonju Digital Project.
Between the Black Box and the White Cube
Authors: Barradas Jorge Nuno
Published: September 2020

Chapter 5 looks at Pedro Costa’s commissioned works by discussing numerous video installations created and displayed within the international art gallery circuit. The chapter contextualizes the approximation of the art gallery to cinema, a medium which increasingly overlaps aesthetic and production processes with contemporary artistic practices. As this chapter argues, the analysis of Costa’s video installations offers a further context to the intertwinement between aesthetics, production and consumption observed elsewhere in his filmic output. These works for the ‘white cube’ rely on aesthetic, authorial and production characteristics that bond them to those exclusively produced for the ‘black box’. This chapter provides comparisons between these works and short films directed by Pedro Costa between 2007 and 2012, such as The Rabbit Hunters, Tarrafal (also produced in 2007), O Nosso Homem (Our Man, 2010) and Lamento da Vida Jovem (Sweet Exorcism, 2012).
A ‘Document of Documents’: Authorship, Intertextuality and Politics in Horse Money (2014)
Authors: Barradas Jorge Nuno
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines Pedro Costa’s evolving authorial process, centring its attention on 2014 feature film Horse Money. This chapter considers the different levels of intertextuality animating Costa’s cinema, particularly with regards to the inclusion of different documents and the reworking of personal stories lived by some of his non-professional collaborators. As regards this latter aspect, the chapter sheds light on the ambiguous nature of authorship, understanding it as a creation process that is as much dependent on individual authority as it is indebted to collaborative practices. Both textually and contextually, Horse Money is the result of creative relationships with non-professional actors Ventura and Vitalina Varela. The intertextual and collaborative practices informing Horse Money, moreover, come to reflect possible political aspects transmitted by Costa’s filmic universe. Returning to the discussions initially opened in Chapter 2, this final chapter concludes by looking at some of the critical debates around Horse Money, which are particularly animated by possible political readings transmitted by Costa’s films.
The Political Aesthetics of the Body of the Soldier in Pain
Authors: Caso Federica
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the recent work of Australian artist Ben Quilty on combat fatigue and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) collected in the exhibition After Afghanistan. After Afghanistan presents a series of large-scale paintings of soldiers and veterans evoking the bodily imprints of combat fatigue and PTSD. The bodies are naked, in the grasp of sensations and emotions. The chapter argues that this work has an ambivalent relationship to militarisation, whereby it proposes an alternative iconography of the modern soldier which seeds transformative potentials against the militarisation of the body; simultaneously, however, the iconography of the body of the soldier in pain has been co-opted as a militarising technology that silences opposition and contestation to war in the name of compassion towards the soldiers.
Secularism in the Arab World
Authors: al-Azmeh Aziz
Published: September 2020

This book provides a study of secularisation and secularism in the Arab World, between middle of the nineteenth century and the end of the twentieth. It approaches the its subject in the modern history of the Arab World as a set of historical changes which affected the regulation of social, political, religious and cultural order which permeated the concrete workings of society, rather than as an ideological discussion framed from the outset by the presumed opposition between Islam and secularism. The book traces social, institutional and cultural changes of a secularising character, the emergence and consolidation of a secular political and legal system, the rise of a new type of educational and political arrangements with their complement of a modern intelligentsia, the social and institutional attrition of the Muslim religious institution and the strong reformist current in Islam, the rise of modern cognitive regimes, ideologies and secular culture, and the balances of secular and religious elements in nationalism. The book traces the rise of secularist and anti-religious culture in the variety of its manifestations, and of anti-modernism as well, and the emergence of associated religious and anti-modernist currents in the wake of the 1967 war, the associated strengthening of Islamist politics and its move from the margins to the centre in the last quarter of the twentieth century.
Sites of Secularism in the Twentieth Century
Authors: al-Azmeh Aziz
Published: September 2020

This chapter deal primarily with the period following the first world war, and starts with a discussion of the relationship between overall changes in the Mashreq and the Maghreb. It then focuses on a number of crucial common areas. The one is women’s rights with regard to legal capacity, inheritance, dress, education and visibility. The other concerns civil legislation and the drawing up of civil codes. Controversies on both issues and attempts at pushing back by the religious institutions are discussed. The relative marginalisation of religious culture, cognitive challenges to religion, and the religious assault on the the cognitive and social goods of modernity, are addressed in detail. The incubation and early deployment of fundamentalism in politics and culture are analysed in relation to objective transformations in place.
The Nationalist Era and the Future Besieged
Authors: al-Azmeh Aziz
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines the flowering of explicitly secular culture in the period of independent Arab national states, especially after the Second World War. This was generally critical of religious heritage. It sometimes took decidedly anti-religious turns, and was on occasion libertine, and often deployed religious symbols in profane contexts. The political and ideological templates of political and social thought and criticism in this period, and the issue of women’s emancipation, are discussed in these contexts. All these issues occasioned increasingly concerted polemical and other attacks from religious organisms and parties, now better organised and funded than hitherto. Most of this had been made possible by secularising states which, in moves more firmly to institutionalise religious institutions. The weakening of central Arab states after the war of 1967, and oil wealth, together ushered in a period which made it possible for religious institutions and religious cultures, hitherto marginal, to commence a process of reassertion and a move from the margins to the centre. Muslim reformism tended to take a conservative turn to protect its flank, and Reformism properly speaking was pushed increasingly into marginal positions.
Compounding and Contact
Authors: Joseph Brian D.
Published: September 2020

The behaviour of compounds in language contact situations is examined here through the consideration of case studies involving the influence of Greek on English, of Western European languages, especially English, on Russian, of Western European languages, especially French, on Greek, and of French on English. It is shown that in the borrowing of compounds and compounding structures, languages seem not to engage in adaptation to native language patterns, and that once a new structure enters a language via borrowing it takes on a life of its own, so to speak, and can assume forms that are quite different from their form in the source language. The question of simplification versus complexification under conditions of language contact is also treated against the backdrop of compounds and contact.
The Interaction between Borrowing and Word Formation: Evidence from Modern Greek Prefixes
Authors: Efthymiou Angeliki
Published: September 2020

This chapter discusses two cases of Modern Greek prefixes whose extensive use in loan translations from foreign languages reveals a complex interplay between borrowing and word formation. The prefixes υπερ‎- and αντι‎- derive from the Ancient Greek prepositions υπέρ‎ (‘over, beyond’) and αντί‎ (‘in front of, instead of’), respectively, but, in the course of their grammaticalization into prefixes, they have also developed some additional non-locational meanings, e.g. ‘excess’ (υπερ‎-εργασία‎ [ipererγ‎asía] ‘overwork’), ‘against, opposing’ (αντι‎-αμερικανικός‎ [andiamerikanikós] ‘anti-american’). Given the extensive use of Greek prefixes in loan translations, two questions are addressed: How does calquing influence word formation processes in contemporary Greek? And does borrowing affect the meaning of Modern Greek prefixes? It is shown that borrowing constitutes a trigger for the expansion of the domain of use and the development of polysemy in Modern Greek prefixation. Furthermore, it is investigated which factors can account for the prevalence of all these loan translations, as opposed to direct borrowings.
Introduction
Authors: Crawford Iain
Published: September 2020

Lays out the argument for the book and its central claim that the dynamic between Dickens and Martineau, which has been long read in the personalized terms of a quarrel that ended their professional connection, is more fully understood as the expression of incompatible visions of liberalism, the role of women in social progress, and the nature of democratic society. An essential element of their difference lay in their different experiences of and responses to the social experiment developing in the United States, and the book reconceptualizes their respective encounters with and writing about America.
Ottomans and Zionists in Istanbul1
Authors: Fishman Louis A.
Published: September 2020

The last chapter focuses on how Istanbul became the place both Palestinians and Jews set out to claim the homeland, where vibrant debates over Zionism took place in the Ottoman Parliament and within Istanbul’s Turkish press. It was the place where Jewish immigrants to Palestine came to study in university and Palestinian members came to lobby against the growing fear of Jewish hegemony in Palestine. It was here that the Zionists could argue for an autonomous homeland in Palestine, while making new allies and meeting opponents as well. This new political atmosphere also greatly affected the local Jewish population in Istanbul, which remain divided over Zionism and faced a new growing sense of antisemitism.
The Fall of the Habsburg Monarchy and the Crisis of Modern Europe: A Historical–Sociological Comparison
Authors: Kuzmics Helmut
Published: September 2020

The Habsburg Empire was for several centuries a major European power centre, and represents a highly instructive case of state formation. Its final failure has been the subject of a highly diverse debate, ranging from moral accusation to the acceptance of historical inevitability. A closer focus on structural reasons will highlight the question of military efficiency and the centrifugal impact of multiple nationalisms, exacerbated by parliamentarisation. Looking at recent crises of the European Union (centrifugal tendencies of and within member states, inability to act in emergency situations), we can observe striking similarities with the Habsburg Empire. European decision-making at the highest levels is reminiscent of debates in the Austrian Reichsrat. Both these supra-national survival units, as Norbert Elias would call them, can be described as economically efficient agencies of modernisation. A key difference is that the Union lacks both an army and an imperial charisma. Its military arm is external: the US as the pacifier of Europe. But attempts to change that are likely to end in disaster.
Constitutionalism, Judicialisation and Human Rights in the Integration of European Society
Authors: Blokker Paul
Published: September 2020

This chapter discusses a renewed interest in a sociology of constitutions in recent years. This interest has emerged not least due to the significantly changing nature of constitutions and constitutionalism, not in the last place as a result of apparent constitutional qualities inherent in legal regimes beyond state borders. A historically and sociologically informed approach helps to study European integration as a legal and constitutional project, and highlights its fragility and tensions, increasingly visible in recent years. The chapter first introduces a sociological view of constitutions and constitutionalism in general terms, and then goes on to discuss the multi-faceted process of constitutionalisation and judicialization in postwar Europe from a sociological angle, with particular emphasis on the depoliticizing and at the same time contested nature of this process. The final part of the chapter reflects on contemporary issues related to the problematic dimensions of the constitutionalising and judicialising process, including a backlash against universal rights and supranational law in many European societies.