Validation of Aeolus aerosol and wind products with sophisticated ground-based instruments in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Baars Holger , Herzog Alina , Engelmann Ronny , Bühl Johannes , Radenz Martin , Seifert Patric , Ansmann Albert , Althausen Dietrich , Heese Birgit , Hofer Julian , Ohneiser Kevin , Hanbuch Karsten , Basharova Elizaveta , Gülbas Tülin , Chudnovsky Alexandra , Barja Boris , Filioglou Maria , Komppula Mika , Wandiger Ulla 
Published: March 2020

&lt;p&gt;The European Space Agency (ESA) has launched the Earth Explorer Mission Aeolus on 22 August 2018. Within the German initiative EVAA (Experimental Validation and Assimilation of Aeolus observations), Cal/Val activities for Aeolus started immediately after the instrument was turned on in space. The aim is to validate the wind and aerosol products of Aeolus and to quantify the benefits of these new measurements for weather forecasting and aerosol and cloud research. &lt;br&gt;For this purpose, ground-based aerosol and wind lidar observations have been performed at the Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS) in Leipzig, Germany, and at Punta Arenas (53.13 S, 70.88 W), Chile, in the frame of the DACAPO-PESO campaign (dacapo.tropos.de). Radiosondes have been launched during the Aeolus overpasses each Friday at Leipzig in addition since mid of May 2019. In Punta Arenas, we also used Doppler cloud radar observations with respect to the validation of Mie and Rayleigh winds of Aeolus. &amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aerosol-only observations with multiwavelength-Raman polarization lidar were made at the PollyNET (Baars 2016) stations in Haifa (Israel), Dushanbe (Tajikistan), Tel Aviv (Israel), and in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) - the latter two are hosted by PollyNET partner institutions (Baars, 2016). These locations are close to the desert with frequent dense, lofted aerosol layers and are thus of particular interest for Aeolus Cal/Val. Considering the long averaging length of Aeolus (87 km) and the distance to the lidars (max. 100 km), a good agreement with respect to the co-polar backscatter coefficient is found between Aeolus and the ground-based lidars at these locations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We will present results from the above-mentioned Cal/Val activities with respect to, both, wind and aerosol products of Aeolus. It will be shown, that one of the mission goals, namely the demonstration that wind observations from space by active remote sensing are possible, have been already achieved. Furthermore, it will be demonstrated that the spaceborne HSRL (high spectral resolution lidar) technique applied for Aeolus can provide independent backscatter and extinction measurements of aerosols &amp;#8211; a spaceborne novelty as well. Since September 2019, also an aerosol-optimized range resolution, the so-called Mediterranean range-bin setting (MARS), is operational for Aeolus in the Eastern Mediterranean. First results show a significantly improved aerosol retrieval for this adapted instrumental setting and will be presented as well.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reference:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Baars, H., et al. (2016), An overview of the first decade of PollyNET: An emerging network of automated Raman-polarization lidars for continuous aerosol profiling, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16(8), 5111-5137, doi:10.5194/acp-16-5111-2016.&lt;/p&gt;