bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioavailability and Delivery Mechanisms of Nutraceuticals in Nanoparticles Derived from Biopolymers
Authors: de Oliveira Filho Josemar Gonçalves , de Sousa Tainara Leal , de Sousa Milena Figueiredo , Peres Daiane Sousa , Danielli Ligiani Zonta , Lemes Ailton Cesar , Egea Mariana Buranelo
Published: November 2022

Bioactive compounds that promote beneficial effects on human health, such as phytochemicals, are increasingly being consumed in the form of functional foods or nutraceuticals with the aim of promoting human well-being, health, and performance. However, often nutraceuticals do not show good efficacy in vivo due to their low water solubility, low oral bioavailability, degradation of the gastrointestinal tract, ease of oxidation, and poor absorption by the human body. This problem can often be overcome by nanoencapsulation of bioactive compounds into delivery systems based on biopolymeric nanoparticles. The nanoencapsulation of bioactive compounds can increase their bioavailability due to the size of particles containing these compounds, the availability of these bioactive compounds to the gastrointestinal tract, the ability to penetrate the mucus layer, and by making the compounds available for direct uptake by cells. Biopolymeric nanoparticles can be engineered to survive the gastrointestinal tract and then deliver the bioactive compounds at a certain point, maximizing their potential benefits for human health. In this chapter, bioavailability and delivery mechanisms of nutraceuticals in biopolymer-derived nanoparticles are described and discussed.
Design of a nitridoalumosilicate red phosphor synthesized under mild conditions
Authors: Ding Jianyan , Wu Quansheng , Zhou Xufeng , Ye Shanshan
Published: November 2022

A nitridoalumosilicate red phosphor Ca4SiAl3N7:Eu2+ was successfully synthesized at normal pressure and a low temperature (1350 °C).
Professor Edward Abel, FRSC, CBE (1931–2021)
Authors: Long Nicholas J. , Bhargava Suresh
Published: November 2022

In honour of Eddie (Ed) Abel, past president of the Royal Society of Chemistry, who passed away on April 19, 2021, at 89.
Occurrence and removal of four artificial sweeteners in wastewater treatment plants of China
Authors: Shen Guochen , Lei Shaoting , Li Hongzhou , Yu Qingmiao , Wu Gang , Shi Yufei , Xu Ke , Ren Hongqiang , Geng Jinju
Published: November 2022

The occurrence of artificial sweeteners in 12 WWTPs and comparison of 3 advanced treatments to further remove them were investigated.
Full-scale aerobic granular sludge for municipal wastewater treatment – granule formation, microbial succession, and process performance
Authors: Ekholm Jennifer , Persson Frank , de Blois Mark , Modin Oskar , Pronk Mario , van Loosdrecht Mark C. M. , Suarez Carolina , Gustavsson David J. I. , Wilén Britt-Marie
Published: November 2022

A story of microbial community assembly and nutrient removal under fluctuational environmental conditions during start-up and operation of full-scale aerobic granular sludge.
Cyclotriguaiacyclene-functionalized trans-cinnamic acid with alkyl arms: an efficient supramolecular system for solar cell and liquid crystalline applications
Authors: Sharma Vinay S. , Mali Hitendra , Rathod Suryajit L. , Suthar Deepak , Shah Dharmesh J. , Sharma Anuj S. , Dhaka Mahendra S. , Shrivastav Pranav S.
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate a new class of cyclotriguaiacyclene-functionalized trans cinnamate based supramolecular compounds with room temperature columnar liquid crystalline properties suitable as eco-friendly constituent layers in third generation solar cells.
Ionic dielectrics for fully printed carbon nanotube transistors: impact of composition and induced stresses
Authors: Smith Brittany N. , Meikle Hope , Doherty James L. , Lu Shiheng , Tutoni Gianna , Becker Matthew L. , Therien Michael J. , Franklin Aaron D.
Published: November 2022

Ionic gate dielectrics for all-printed CNT-TFTs show promise for low-voltage operation and this work reveals important trade-offs in performance and stability based on composition.
Expediting hole transfer via surface states in hematite-based composite photoanodes
Authors: Gao Lili , Wang Peng , Chai Huan , Li Shuwen , Jin Jun , Ma Jiantai
Published: November 2022

The rearrangement of surface states induced by Zr doping and CoCr LDH coating as well as the surface-state-dominated hole pathway in hematite photoanodes are revealed.
Nanotechnology meets immunology towards a rapid diagnosis solution: the COVID-19 outbreak challenge
Authors: B. S. A. S. Santos , J. L. R. Cunha , I. C. Carvalho , J. M. C. Costa , B. C. Longo , G. C. F. Galinari , P. H. S. M. Diniz , G. M. M. Mendes , F. G. Fonseca , J. S. Abrahão , A. A. P. Mansur , M. F. Leite , R. L. Oréfice , Z. I. P. Lobato , H. S. Mansur
Published: November 2022

The current COVID-19 pandemic presents one of the greatest challenges in human history.
Unravelling the ultrafast charge dynamics in PbS quantum dots through resonant Auger mapping of the sulfur K-edge
Authors: Sloboda Tamara , Johansson Fredrik O. L. , Kammlander Birgit , Berggren Elin , Svanström Sebastian , Fernández Alberto García , Lindblad Andreas , Cappel Ute B.
Published: November 2022

By measuring the resonant S-KLL Auger decay we investigate the attosecond charge transfer in PbS quantum dots of different sizes. The results show both intra- and interparticle charge transfer, where the former shows a strong QD size dependence.
Kinetic modelling of an environmentally friendly carbamazepine synthesis via urea and iminostilbene in batch and continuous processes
Authors: Kraus Harrison F. , Acevedo David , Wu Wei , O'Connor Thomas F. , Mohammad Adil , Liu Dongxia
Published: November 2022

Accurate kinetic models for reaction systems allow for improved process understanding and greater quality control, which is particularly beneficial as the pharmaceutical industry shifts from batch to continuous manufacturing (CM).
Solvent annealing for morphology control to realize high efficiency all-small-molecule organic solar cells
Authors: Hu Dingqin , Chen Qianqian , Zhang Jingquan , Lu Shirong
Published: November 2022

Morphology control of all-small-molecule (ASM) organic solar cells (OSCs) is crucial for improving their efficiencies.
Distribution of an antioxidant in polypropylene/ethylene–octene copolymer blends studied by atomic force microscopy-infrared
Authors: Zhong Zhenxing , Peng Li , Su Juanxia , Luo Zhongfu , Han Charles C. , Huang Xianbo , Su Zhaohui
Published: November 2022

Small molecule additives prefer to stay in the elastomer phase, and the partition is enhanced with a longer mixing time in the molten state.
Shear jamming and fragility in fractal suspensions under confinement
Authors: C. K. Sarika , Majumdar Sayantan , Sood A. K.
Published: November 2022

Shear induced jamming transition in fractal clusters formed by multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Motility of acoustically powered micro-swimmers in a liquid crystalline environment
Authors: Katuri Jaideep , Snezhko Alexey , Sokolov Andrey
Published: November 2022

Suspensions of acoustically powered microswimmers in liquid crystals demonstrate remarkably complex dynamics.
Ni-doped hyperbranched PdCu nanocrystals for efficient electrocatalytic borohydride oxidation
Authors: Zhang Hugang , Liu Songliang , Wang Ziqiang , Li Xinmiao , Deng Kai , Yu Hongjie , Wang Xin , Xu You , Wang Hongjing , Wang Liang
Published: November 2022

The self-assembly of Ni doped hyperbranched PdCu nanocrystals is achieved by using polyethylene oxide as the surfactant with the assistance of Br ions for efficient electrocatalytic borohydride oxidation.
Operando XRD and electrogravimetry coupling to analyze species transfers during redox processes in Ni/Fe-layered double hydroxide
Authors: Duquesne Elise , Betelu Stéphanie , Seron Alain , Bricault Damien , Goldmann Michel , Ignatiadis Ioannis , Limagne Denis , Vlad Alina , Resta Andrea , Perrot Hubert , Sel Ozlem , Debiemme-Chouvy Catherine
Published: November 2022

Redox reactions occurring in NiFe-LDH nanoplatelets polarized in LiOH solution lead to anion exchange, cation (electro)sorption and water molecule transfer.
FeS2@TiO2 nanobelt array enabled high-efficiency electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia
Authors: Wang Haipeng , Zhao Donglin , Liu Chaozhen , Fan Xiaoya , Li Zerong , Luo Yongsong , Zheng Dongdong , Sun Shengjun , Chen Jie , Zhang Jing , Liu Yang , Gao Shuyan , Gong Feng , Sun Xuping
Published: November 2022

FeS2@TiO2 is a highly active electrocatalyst for the conversion of NO3− to NH3 under ambient conditions, achieving a high faradaic efficiency of 97.0% at −0.4 V and a large NH3 yield up to 860.3 μmol h−1 cm−2 at −0.7 V in 0.1 M NaOH with 0.1 M NO3−.
Ultrafine Pd@PdPt nanowires with a single-atom alloy shell for efficient formate oxidation
Authors: Jiang Yu-Chuan , Ding Yu , Li Fu-Min , Yin Shi-Bin , Li Dong-Sheng , Li Xi-Fei , Chen Yu
Published: November 2022

Ultrafine Pd@PdPt nanowires with a Pd–Pt single atom alloy shell achieve significantly enhanced electrocatalytic performance towards the formate oxidation reaction.
Fluoride-assisted detection of glutathione by surface Ce3+/Ce4+ engineered nanoceria
Authors: Patel Vaishwik , Jose Linta , Philippot Gilles , Aymonier Cyril , Inerbaev Talgat , McCourt Luke R. , Ruppert Michael G. , Qi Dongchen , Li Wei , Qu Jiangtao , Zheng Rongkun , Cairney Julie , Yi Jiabao , Vinu Ajayan , Karakoti Ajay S.
Published: November 2022

Nanoceria prepared with different Ce3+/Ce4+ ratios show different oxidase mimetic activities. The activity is enhanced selectively in presence of fluoride ions and used for glutathione detection.
Lanthanide-based MOFs: synthesis approaches and applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Sun Shengkai , Zhao Yuewu , Wang Jine , Pei Renjun
Published: November 2022

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted considerable attention as emerging nanomaterials.
Unexpected luminescence of non-conjugated biomass-based polymers: new approach in photothermal imaging
Authors: de la Cruz-Martínez Felipe , Bresolí-Obach Roger , Bravo Iván , Alonso-Moreno Carlos , Hermida-Merino Daniel , Hofkens Johan , Lara-Sánchez Agustín , Castro-Osma José A. , Martín Cristina
Published: November 2022

The seek of new smart materials highlights the use non-conventional luminescent derived biomass as a promising approach for luminescent applications in photothermal imaging.
Sheet-like Janus hemostatic dressings with synergistic effects of cardanol hemostasis and quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial action
Authors: Zhang Yuxia , Lu Xiaoyu , Chi Chongyi , Zheng Yanyan , Chen Qinhui
Published: November 2022

A sheet-like silica-based hemostatic dressing with an asymmetrical Janus structure was prepared, which has biological safety. Both sides of the Janus material play two aspects of rapid hemostasis and efficient antibacterial activity independently.
“It Depends on the Situation”: How Hearing-Specific Contexts Affect the Way Adults With Hearing Loss Report Their Personal Attributes
Authors: Sarangi Lipika , Johnson Jani
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

This study examined how adults with untreated hearing loss respond to surveys about their self-efficacy, personality traits, and affective states when assessed “in general” and in listening-related contexts. We also explored the associations between hearing aid self-efficacy (HASE) and listening-related personality traits and affective states.

Method:

Sixty-two adults with self-reported hearing difficulties and no experience with hearing aids (HAs) participated in this descriptive study. Participants self-reported their self-efficacy, personality, and affective states in general and in listening-related contexts. Paired
t
tests and repeated measures with Holm–Šídák corrections were performed to explore differences between reports of patient traits in different contexts. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to explore significant associations.

Results:

On average, there were no significant differences between general and listening-related self-efficacy or personality traits. However, our participants indicated significantly more negative affective states in listening-related situations compared to in general. There was a small positive association between HASE and reported affective states in “General” and “Listening at Home” contexts.

Conclusions:

This study confirms that context-specific measures are not required to accurately assess self-efficacy and personality traits in the initial stages of the hearing health journey. However, reported affective states were listening dependent for this sample. Although reported affective states were related to HASE, context-dependent measures did not provide additional insight into participants' self-efficacy for successful HA use. This suggests that rehabilitation protocols designed to promote HASE and positive affect in general and listening-related situations could facilitate HA success.
Developing Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems in Languages Other Than English: A Scoping Review
Authors: Amery Rebecca , Thirumanickam Abirami , Barker Ruth , Lowell Anne , Theodoros Deborah , Raghavendra Parimala
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Access to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems in languages other than English and multilingual AAC systems remains limited for many people with complex communication needs, despite a growing interest in this field, and an acknowledged need for culturally responsive AAC practice.

Purpose:

The purpose of this scoping review was to identify published research that has reported on the development of components or whole AAC systems in languages other than English, and the linguistic and cultural factors that influenced research methods and AAC system development.

Method:

Nine databases were systematically searched for published research that presented development of components or whole AAC systems in languages other than English. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess the quality of studies. Charted data from studies included journal and publication date, research team, language of AAC system, aims of the study, study methodologies, study participants, and type of AAC systems developed. An analytical framework was developed to identify the cultural and linguistic factors that influenced research methods and or AAC system outcomes.

Results:

A total of 22 studies were included (13 qualitative, one quantitative nonrandomized, six quantitative descriptive, and two mixed-methods studies). Overall quality of studies was high. Some qualitative studies were of lower quality due to limited analysis or interpretation of results. Linguistic factors were extensively reported in the existing literature, whereas cultural factors were rarely explicitly reported.

Conclusion:

Factors contributing to lack of reporting of cultural considerations are posited with suggestions for future research.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21482607
V4142 Sgr: Double periodic variable with an accretor surrounded by the accretion disk’s atmosphere
Authors: Rosales J. A. , Mennickent R. E. , Djurašević G. , Araya I. , Curé M. , Schleicher D. R. G. , Petrović J.
Published: November 2022

Context.A detailed study of the close interacting binary V4142 Sgr, based on photometric and spectroscopic analyses, indicates that this system belongs to the enigmatic class of Algol-like variables exhibiting a long photometric cycle of an unknown nature.

Aims.By performing photometric data-mining and spectroscopic observations covering the orbital cycle, we obtained the orbital parameters and the stellar properties of the binary system, along with the physical properties of the accretion disk located around the hot star. In addition, we gained insights into the evolutive path of the system.

Methods.We modeled the light curve through an inverse method, using a theoretical light curve of the binary system that considers the light curve contribution of both stars and the accretion disk of the hot star to obtain the fundamental parameters. To constrain the main stellar parameters, the mass ratio was fixed in addition to the donor temperature, using the obtained values from our spectroscopic analysis, which includes deblending methods to isolate the spectral lines of the stellar components. The system parameters were compared with a grid of binary star evolutive models in order to gain insights into the evolutionary history of the system.

Results.The orbital period and the long cycle were re-calculated, with the following result: 30d​​.633 ± 0d​​.002 and 1201 ± 14 days. The spectral analysis reveals Hαdouble emission with a persistentV ≤ Rasymmetry, which is considered evidence of a possible wind emerging from the hotspot region. In addition, a cold and evolved donor star ofMd = 1.11 ± 0.2 M⊙,Td = 4500 ± 125 K and aRd = 19.4 ± 0.2 R⊙as well as a rejuvenated B-dwarf companion ofMg = 3.86 ± 0.3 M⊙,Tg = 14 380 ± 700 K, andRg = 6.35 ± 0.2 R⊙were found. The gainer is surrounded by a concave and geometrically thick disk, creating its own atmosphere around the main component of a radial extension, ℛd= 22.8 ± 0.3R⊙, contributing ∼1.4 percent of the total luminosity of the system at theV-band at orbital phase 0.25. The disk is characterized by a hot-spot roughly placed where the stream hits the disk and an additional bright-spot separated 102.​​° 5 ± 0.​​° 04 degrees along the disk edge rim in the direction of the orbital motion. The system is seen under an inclination of 81.​​° 5 ± 0.​​° 3 and at a distance ofdGaia = 1140 ± 35 pc. Doppler maps of the emission lines reveal sites of enhanced line emission in the second and third velocity quadrants. The former would correspond to a hotspot and the latter to a bright spot detected by the light curve analysis. We find that the system comes from an initially shorter orbital period binary that inverted its mass ratio due to mass exchange. A plausible model scenario indicates that, at present, the K-type giant should have been depleted of hydrogen in its core, while the companion would have gained about 2M⊙through a process lasting about 2 Myr.
High-precision abundances of first-population stars in NGC 2808: confirmation of a metallicity spread
Authors: Lardo C. , Salaris M. , Cassisi S. , Bastian N. , Mucciarelli A. , Cabrera-Ziri I. , Dalessandro E.
Published: November 2022

Photometric investigations have revealed that Galactic globular clusters (GCs) exhibit internal metallicity variations amongst the so-called first-population stars, which until now were considered to have a homogeneous initial chemical composition. This is not fully supported by the sparse spectroscopic evidence, which so far gives conflicting results. Here, we present a high-resolution re-analysis of five stars in the Galactic GC NGC 2808 taken from the literature. Target stars are bright red giants with nearly identical atmospheric parameters belonging to the first population according to their identification in the chromosome map of the cluster, and we measured precise differential abundances for Fe, Si, Ca, Ti, and Ni to the ∼0.03 dex level. Thanks to the very small uncertainties associated with the differential atmospheric parameters and abundance measurements, we find that target stars span a range of iron abundance equal to 0.25 ± 0.06 dex. The individual elemental abundances are highly correlated with the positions of the stars along the extended sequence described by first-population objects in the cluster chromosome map: bluer stars have a lower iron content. This agrees with inferences from the photometric analysis. The differential abundances of all other elements also show statistically significant ranges that point to intrinsic abundance spreads. The Si, Ca, Ti, and Ni variations are highly correlated with iron variations and the total abundance spreads for all elements are consistent within the error bars. This suggests a scenario in which short-lived massive stars exploding as supernovae contributed to the self-enrichment of the gas in the natal cloud while star formation was still ongoing.
Preparation of a Real Model of Nasal Cavities from Computed Tomography for Numerical Simulation
Authors: Trnka Filip , Schmirlerová Hana , Májovský Martin , Netuka David , Schmirler Michal
Published: November 2022

With improves in computing hardware and CFD methods, it is possible to work with more complex geometries. The aim of this study is to describe the preparation and creation of a model from CT scans for a numerical study of air flow into the nasal cavities.

Research background: The influence of pituitary tumor surgery on the change of geometric proportions of the nasal cavity is investigated in cooperation with the Neurosurgical Department.

Purpose of the article: In pituitary tumor surgery, the nasal cavity is used as an access route to the Sella turcica where the pituitary gland is located. Geometric changes occur during surgery. These changes in the geometry of the nasal cavities affect the air flow into the nasal cavities and the sense of the smell of the operated patients.

Methods: Based on CT scans of one patient, a procedure was created for creation of models of nasal cavities before and after surgery of pituitary tumor. The open-source software 3D Slicer was used for processing CT scans. Furthermore, the model before and after surgery was modified in CAD program Autodesk Inventor and program Ansys Space Claim. Meshing and subsequent solution of the finite volume method was solved in program Ansys Fluent 2021 R1.

Findings & Value added: The models were created considering the anatomical structure of the cavities and were aligned into corresponding coordinate systems. Despite of the efforts to align the planes, inaccuracies occur between the planes. However, the results are comparable.
Flow and Vibration in the Small Steam Turbine Last Stage
Authors: Hoznedl Michal , Dadáková Tereza , Bém Jindřich
Published: November 2022

The paper deals with evaluation of experimental data obtained from the real-size 30 MW output Waste to Energy steam turbine. For many turbine regimes pressures in the last stage area were obtained. At the same time amplitudes of blade tips vibrations were measured of last rotor blades using the blade tip timing system and axial velocity of the steam at the last stage outlet. The obtained data are mutually correlated and relations are analysed between increased vibration values and pressure ratios at the last stage. Increased tip vibrations occur mainly in the area when the pressure ratio over the last blade tip and root is higher than one. In this case there is no expansion, but compression in the last stage of the turbine. The presented results contribute to understanding of processes in the last stage of the steam turbine, mainly for those regimes of turbine operation when its output is lower than 20 % of the nominal output, e.g. during the island regime.
Analysis of the Influence of Boundary Condition on Simulation Accuracy of Solidification Thermokinetics Model
Authors: Kavička František , Katolický Jaroslav , Mauder Tomáš , Klimeš Lubomír , Štětina Josef
Published: November 2022

For a sample steel casting of a cylindrical shape that was cast in a metallic cylindrical mould, the analysis of influence and importance of the main boundary condition on the simulation accuracy of the temperature field in the system of casting-mould-environment was performed. For this system, the influence of the boundary condition on the frame of the mould, on the bottom of the mould, on the top of the casting, and on the casting-mould interface was analysed. As a comparing quantity for accuracy, the time-dependent temperature field (by means of isotherms) of the casting and of the mould and the total solidification time were selected. When the simulation considers the boundary conditions of one of these boundaries of the system, the heat transfer coefficient on the remaining three boundaries of the system is equal zero. The resultant heat flow along the axis is zero always. The conclusions can be used for fine-tuning of solidification models as well as for other applications; e.g. analysis and solution of inverse heat transfer problems.
Broadly Applicable Synthesis of Heteroarylated Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrroles for Advanced Organic Materials – Part 1: Conducting Electropolymers
Authors: Lorenz Christoph , Vogt Astrid , Millan Judith , Mena-Osteritz Elena , Bäuerle Peter
Published: November 2022

Herein, a novel and versatile method for the synthesis of N-heteroarylated dithieno[3,2-b:2,3′-d]pyrroles (DTPs) is reported. By microwave-assisted Cu-catalyzed coupling of parent H-DTP 1 with 5- and 6-membered heteroaromatic halides, a variety of novel N-functionalized DTPs were obtained. Supported by quantum chemical calculations and X-ray structure analysis, structural and optoelectronic properties of the π-conjugated systems were investigated and led to valuable structure–property relationships. Selected derivatives were electropolymerized to corresponding conducting DTP polymers.
Broadly Applicable Synthesis of Heteroarylated Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrroles for Advanced Organic Materials – Part 2: Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Almalki Masaud , Lorenz Christoph , Vogt Astrid , Alanazi Anwar , Gao Jing , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Bäuerle Peter , Eickemeyer Felix T. , Grätzel Michael
Published: November 2022

Functionalization of heteroarylated dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrroles (DTPs) by triarylamines was elaborated to result in novel hole-transport materials (HTMs) for perovskite solar cells. The new HTMs showed promising photovoltaic performance with efficiencies exceeding 18%. A thorough investigation of the electronic and optoelectronic properties revealed that the main efficiency loss mechanisms are not related to the pristine HTM materials but to the suboptimal interface passivation and HTM doping. We provide an optimization strategy for those device fabrication factors, which could render these new materials a potential replacement of current state-of-the-art HTMs.
The Benefits and Drawbacks of Staging Pelvic Pouches
Authors: Addison Poppy , Keshinro Ajaratu O. , Schwartzberg David M.
Published: November 2022

Since the mid-20th century, physicians have searched for way to improve the lives of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Early attempts of curative resection left the patients with a permanent stoma with only primitive stoma appliances available. Gradually, stoma care improved and operations were devised to give the patient bowel continuity without the need for a permanent ostomy. As these operations were evolving, benefits and drawbacks related to fertility, ease of small bowel reach to the pelvis, and postoperative pelvic sepsis were observed. In this article, we will elucidate the various ways pelvic pouches are used to treat UC and the rationale for the timing of surgery as well as the evolution of stoma care.
Impact of smart locker use on customer satisfaction of online shoppers in Vietnam
Authors: Quan Nguyen Hong , Binh Nguyen Thi , Ly Bui Thi
Published: November 2022

In recent years, smart lockers have been increasingly utilised in the last-mile delivery stage of e-commerce. Although this technological advance has received significant scientific attention, especially in developed countries, little is known about the general behaviour of Smart Locker users. This study aimed to explore the impact of smart locker use on customer satisfaction with online shopping experience. We used structural equation modelling to analyse data collected from 442 smart locker users in Vietnam. The results revealed that convenience, privacy and security, and reliability attributes significantly impacted the satisfaction of smart locker users through the mediators of perceived value and transaction costs. These findings are expected to reinforce the utilised theories and enrich theoretical research on self-service technologies in last-mile delivery and their influence on consumer behaviour.
Enhanced collisionless laser absorption in strongly magnetized plasmas
Authors: Manzo Lili , Edwards Matthew R. , Shi Yuan
Published: November 2022

Strongly magnetizing a plasma adds a range of waves that do not exist in unmagnetized plasmas and enlarges the laser-plasma interaction (LPI) landscape. In this paper, we use particle-in-cell simulations to investigate strongly magnetized LPI in one dimension under conditions relevant for magneto-inertial fusion experiments, focusing on a regime where the electron-cyclotron frequency is greater than the plasma frequency and the magnetic field is at an oblique angle with respect to the wave vectors. We show that when electron-cyclotron-like hybrid wave frequency is about half the laser frequency, the laser light resonantly decays to magnetized plasma waves via primary and secondary instabilities with large growth rates. These distinct magnetic-field-controlled instabilities, which we collectively call two-magnon decays, are analogous to two-plasmon decays in unmagnetized plasmas. Since additional phase mixing mechanisms are introduced by the oblique magnetic field, collisionless damping of large-amplitude magnetized waves substantially broadens the electron distribution function, especially along the direction of the magnetic field. During this process, energy is transferred efficiently from the laser to plasma waves and then to electrons, leading to a large overall absorptivity when strong resonances are present. The enhanced laser energy absorption may explain hotter-than-expected temperatures observed in magnetized laser implosion experiments and may also be exploited to develop more efficient laser-driven x-ray sources.
Development and initial results of 320 GHz interferometer system in Heliotron J
Authors: Zhang P. , Ohshima S. , Zhao H. , Deng C. , Kobayashi S. , Kado S. , Minami T. , Matoike R. , Miyashita A. , Iwata A. , Kondo Y. , Qiu D. , Wang C. , Luo M. , Konoshima S. , Inagaki S. , Okada H. , Mizuuchi T. , Nagasaki K.
Published: November 2022

A new 320 GHz solid-state source interferometer is installed in the Heliotron J helical device to explore the physics of high-density plasmas (ne > 2–3 × 1019 m−3, typically) realized with advanced fueling techniques. This interferometry system is of the Michelson type and is based on the heterodyne principle, with two independent solid-state sources that can deliver an output power of up to 50 mW. A high time resolution measurement of <1 µs can be derived by tuning the frequency of one source in the frequency range of 312–324 GHz on the new system, which can realize the fluctuation measurement. We successfully measured the line-averaged electron density in high-density plasma experiments. The measured density agreed well with a microwave interferometer measurement using a different viewing chord, demonstrating that the new system can be used for routine diagnostics of electron density in Heliotron J.
Thermosensitive hydrogel carrying extracellular vesicles from adipose-derived stem cells promotes peripheral nerve regeneration after microsurgical repair
Authors: Chen Shih-Heng , Kao Huang-Kai , Wun Jing-Ru , Chou Pang-Yun , Chen Zhi-Yu , Chen Shih-Hsien , Hsieh Sung-Tsang , Fang Hsu-Wei , Lin Feng-Huei
Published: November 2022

Peripheral nerve injuries are commonly occurring traumas of the extremities; functional recovery is hindered by slow nerve regeneration (<1 mm/day) following microsurgical repair and subsequent muscle atrophy. Functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair is highly dependent on local Schwann cell activity and axon regeneration speed. Herein, to promote nerve regeneration, paracrine signals of adipose-derived stem cells were applied in the form of extracellular vesicles (EVs) loaded in a thermosensitive hydrogel (PALDE) that could solidify rapidly and sustain high EV concentration around a repaired nerve during surgery. Cell experiments revealed that PALDE hydrogel markedly promotes Schwann-cell migration and proliferation and axon outgrowth. In a rat sciatic nerve repair model, the PALDE hydrogel increased repaired-nerve conduction efficacy; contraction force of leg muscles innervated by the repaired nerve also recovered. Electromicroscopic examination of downstream nerves indicated that fascicle diameter and myeline thickness in the PALDE group (1.91 ± 0.61 and 1.06 ± 0.40 μm, respectively) were significantly higher than those in PALD and control groups. Thus, this EV-loaded thermosensitive hydrogel is a potential cell-free therapeutic modality to improve peripheral-nerve regeneration, offering sustained and focused EV release around the nerve-injury site to overcome rapid clearance and maintain EV bioactivity in vivo.
Optimization design method of pressure pentamode materials
Authors: Luo Ziyin , Zhou Qizheng , Guo Peng
Published: November 2022

Pentamode materials have broad application prospects in the control of underwater elastic waves. It is of great significance to design pentamode materials configuration with certain compressive resistance to promote the underwater application of pentamode materials. Based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm, a multi-objective optimization design method considering structural pressure resistance is proposed. The optimization objective consists of three parts: pentamode attribute matching degree, underwater compression ability test, and target density and target modulus matching degree. Aiming at the octagonal frame structure with a fan-shaped mass block in the inner corner, the multi-objective optimization design method is adopted to optimize the thickness of the frame wall t, the radius of the mass block R, and the limit lengths l2 and h2. After optimization, the pentamode attribute matching degree of the material is 0.998. When the safety factor is equal to 1.5, it can withstand the hydrostatic pressure of more than 200 m water depth. In the frequency domain of 3 K to 6 kHz, the average value of the total scattering cross-section of the material is 0.055, which is similar to the sound propagation in pure water. The research shows that the multi-objective optimization design method of pentamode materials can be used to design the configuration of pentamode materials considering both underwater pressure resistance and sound transmission performance. The research results are expected to provide a method reference for the configuration design of underwater pressure-resistant pentamode materials.
High-energy-density plasma in femtosecond-laser-irradiated nanowire-array targets for nuclear reactions
Authors: Kong Defeng , Zhang Guoqiang , Shou Yinren , Xu Shirui , Mei Zhusong , Cao Zhengxuan , Pan Zhuo , Wang Pengjie , Qi Guijun , Lou Yao , Ma Zhiguo , Lan Haoyang , Wang Wenzhao , Li Yunhui , Rubovic Peter , Veselsky Martin , Bonasera Aldo , Zhao Jiarui , Geng Yixing , Zhao Yanying , Fu Changbo , Luo Wen , Ma Yugang , Yan Xueqing , Ma Wenjun
Published: November 2022

In this work, the high-energy-density plasmas (HEDP) evolved from joule-class-femtosecond-laser-irradiated nanowire-array (NWA) targets were numerically and experimentally studied. The results of particle-in-cell simulations indicate that ions accelerated in the sheath field around the surfaces of the nanowires are eventually confined in a plasma, contributing most to the high energy densities. The protons emitted from the front surfaces of the NWA targets provide rich information about the interactions that occur. We give the electron and ion energy densities for broad target parameter ranges. The ion energy densities from NWA targets were found to be an order of magnitude higher than those from planar targets, and the volume of the HEDP was several-fold greater. At optimal target parameters, 8% of the laser energy can be converted to confined protons, and this results in ion energy densities at the GJ/cm3 level. In the experiments, the measured energy of the emitted protons reached 4 MeV, and the changes in energy with the NWA’s parameters were found to fit the simulation results well. Experimental measurements of neutrons from 2H(d,n)3He fusion with a yield of (24 ± 18) × 106/J from deuterated polyethylene NWA targets also confirmed these results.
The effect of transferring dairy cows from a group housing system to individual pens for research purposes on behaviour and milk yield
Authors: Pereira Fabiellen C. , Teixeira Dayane L. , Boyle Laura , Machado F Luiz C. Pinheiro , Williams Richard S. O. , Enriquez-Hidalgo Daniel
Published: November 2022

Context Cows are often subjected to different environmental and handling conditions for research purposes, and it is important to understand potential behavioural changes, as they may influence research outcomes. Aim To investigate how a transfer from a group housing system to individual pens affected dairy cow behaviour. Methods Lactating dairy cows (n = 24), housed in an open-sided barn, were transferred to individual pens for 10 weeks. For another experiment’s purposes, cows were assigned to a control or an experimental diet. Measurements were taken before transfer (pre), after transfer to the individual pens (early), in the individual pens (late transfer) and on return to the barn (post transfer). Cows’ behaviour was assessed every 10 min for 8 h per day, and whether cows were eating, ruminating or idling was recorded. Occurrences of social interactions were recorded continuously during the last 60-s of every 10-min observation. Lying time was recorded using dataloggers. Locomotory ability assessment and daily milk yields were also recorded. Key results Ruminating and eating time was not affected by diet type, but decreased after transfer to the individual pens. Only eating time returned to pre transfer values at early transfer. Time that control cows spent idling increased in individual pens, whereas the experimental diet cows spent more time idling in the early transfer phase. Social interactions occurred more often during late and post transfer phases. Cow locomotory ability was not affected by the transfer or by type of diet, but total lying time increased from pre to post transfer, the number of lying bouts decreased from late to post transfer phases, and lying bout duration increased as the experimental period progressed. Milk yield gradually reduced over time, and it was affected by the type of diet. Conclusion Behavioural changes in dairy cows during transfer between housing systems featured adaptive characteristics and did not seem to be detrimental to the major research. Implications The transferring of cows from a group housing system to individual pens under the conditions used in this study did not jeopardise cow behaviour patterns to an extent that could affect other nutritional research outcomes.
Atomistic measurement and modeling of intrinsic fracture toughness of two-dimensional materials
Authors: Zhang Xu , Nguyen Hoang , Zhang Xiang , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Wen Jianguo , Espinosa Horacio D.
Published: November 2022

Quantifying the intrinsic mechanical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials is essential to predict the long-term reliability of materials and systems in emerging applications ranging from energy to health to next-generation sensors and electronics. Currently, measurements of fracture toughness and identification of associated atomistic mechanisms remain challenging. Herein, we report an integrated experimental–computational framework in which in-situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) measurements of the intrinsic fracture energy of monolayer MoS
2
and MoSe
2
are in good agreement with atomistic model predictions based on an accurately parameterized interatomic potential. Changes in crystalline structures at the crack tip and crack edges, as observed in in-situ HRTEM crack extension tests, are properly predicted. Such a good agreement is the result of including large deformation pathways and phase transitions in the parameterization of the inter-atomic potential. The established framework emerges as a robust approach to determine the predictive capabilities of molecular dynamics models employed in the screening of 2D materials, in the spirit of the materials genome initiative. Moreover, it enables device-level predictions with superior accuracy (e.g., fatigue lifetime predictions of electro- and opto-electronic nanodevices).
The Outcome of the Forensic Triage Preceding Disaster Victim Identification in the Downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17
Authors: Vermeij Erwin , Zoon Peter , Gerretsen Reza , Otieno-Alego Vincent
Published: November 2022

Malaysia Airlines flight 17 crashed on 17 July 2014 while flying over an area of armed conflict in eastern Ukraine. The first forensic trace evidence was collected after the human remains were transferred to a safe location in the Netherlands for identification and repatriation. Disaster victim identification processes were therefore undertaken in concert with the forensic investigation. Prior to these processes, X-ray and computed tomography scanners were used to reveal foreign objects in the human remains, and a large number of these fragments were recovered after the forensic triage. A distinct group of metal fragments was identified as being potential remnants of high-energy foreign objects. Forensic analysis revealed that they were explosively deformed unalloyed steel fragments, some of which had shapes consistent with pre-formed metal fragments found in a 9N314M warhead used in Buk SA-11 missiles. Furthermore, thin film deposits of cockpit glass and aluminium were identified on the most heavily deformed side of some of the explosively deformed metal fragments, suggesting they came from outside the airplane. These findings supported early suspicions that Malaysia Airlines flight 17 was struck by a Buk SA-11 missile. KeypointsA multidisciplinary approach for combined identification and forensic investigation of human remains after a mass fatality incident.The combined use of complementary X-ray techniques for detection and provisional characterization of foreign objects in human remains.The use of sensitive and highly discriminative state of the art techniques for analysing foreign objects recovered from human remains.
The X factor in neurodegeneration
Authors: Voskuhl Rhonda , Itoh Yuichiro
Published: November 2022

Given the aging population, it is important to better understand neurodegeneration in aging healthy people and to address the increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. It is imperative to apply novel strategies to identify neuroprotective therapeutics. The study of sex differences in neurodegeneration can reveal new candidate treatment targets tailored for women and men. Sex chromosome effects on neurodegeneration remain understudied and represent a promising frontier for discovery. Here, we will review sex differences in neurodegeneration, focusing on the study of sex chromosome effects in the context of declining levels of sex hormones during aging.
Signatures of Dipolar Dark Matter on indirect detection
Authors: Arellano-Celiz C , Avilez-López A , Barradas-Guevara J E , Carrillo-Monteverde A , Díaz-Cruz J L , Félix-Beltrán O
Published: November 2022

In this work, we study the annihilation of fermionic dark matter, considering it as a neutral particle with non-vanishing magnetic (M) and electric (D) dipole moments. Effective cross section of the process

χ

χ

¯

→
γ
γ

is computed starting from a general form of the coupling

χ

χ

¯

γ

in the framework of an extension of the Standard Model. By taking into account the annihilation of dark matter pairs into mono-energetic photons, we found that for masses of O(102) GeV, an electric dipole moment ∼10−16 e cm is required to satisfy the current relic density inferences. Additionally, in order to pin down models viable to describe the physics of dark matter at the early Universe, we also constrain our model according to recent measurements of the temperature anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background radiation, and report constraints to the electric and magnetic dipole moments for a range of masses within our model.
Boron–nitrogen co-terminated diamond (110) surface for nitrogen-vacancy quantum sensors from first-principles calculations
Authors: Zhaolong Sun , Nan Gao
Published: November 2022

The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond surface is a critical issue in quantum sensors with no sensitivity to surface terminators. We investigate the structural stabilities and electronic properties of boron (B)–N co-terminated diamond (110) surface based on first-principles calculations. The B–N co-terminated diamond (110) surfaces combined with monolayer coverage of hydrogen (H) and fluorine (F) adsorption are dynamically and thermally stable. Remarkably, the H/F mixed (H/F = 1.0) adsorption surface has neither surface spin noise nor surface-related state, and a positive electron affinity of 1.11 eV, thus it could be a prospective candidate for NV-based quantum sensors.
Transport characteristics and lattice dynamics with phonon topology accentuation in layered CuTlX (X: S, Se)
Authors: Sahoo Sushree Sarita , Kanchana V
Published: November 2022

In recent years, numerous Cu-based compounds have attracted a great deal of interest for enhanced thermoelectric energy conversion. Here, we demonstrate that CuTlX (X: S, Se), a layered semiconductor, exhibits low lattice thermal conductivity (κ

l
) and a high thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT), using density functional theory calculations and Boltzmann transport theory beyond relaxation time approximation. To evaluate the absolute values of thermoelectric coefficients, different scattering mechanisms such as acoustic deformation potential scattering, impurity phonon scattering, and polar optical phonon scattering are analysed. This low lattice thermal conductivity, which is complemented by a low group velocity and a low phonon lifetime, accounts for the remarkable thermoelectric efficiency in these compounds. In CuTlS, the contribution of the in-plane optical phonon mode to κ

l
results in a decrease in its value, which might be attributed to the occurrence of Dirac-like crossings with non-trivial topological characteristics, as corroborated by the non-zero Berry curvature value. Overall, the thermoelectric behavior of both compounds is favorable at ambient temperature. Specifically, the out-of-plane direction in CuTlSe presents elevated thermoelectric performance with a high value for the thermoelectric figure of merit, with 1.08 and 1.16 for holes and electrons, respectively, at 300 K at the optimal carrier density of 1019 cm−3 , which well aids in both the electron and phonon transport. We also undertook monolayer examinations of these compounds due to the existence of van der Waals interactions, which predicted strong thermoelectric performance for both carrier concentrations at 300 K. As a result, our study presents a theoretical prediction on transport phenomena that requires experimental verification and should motivate additional research into prospective thermoelectric materials in the same crystal family for device applications.