bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Total Factor Productivity in Commercial Airlines Sector using Malmquist Index and Data Envelopment Model
Authors:   Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur, Agashe* Dr. Abhijeet , Band* Dr. Gayathri ,   Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur, Pais Dr. Rupesh ,   Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur
Published: April 2020

This study attempts to measure productivity change of Airlines companies in private and public sector in India for a period of four years (2011-2016). In this study the nature and productivity change is probed using the Malmquist Productivity Index. This index has the constituents which are used to measure the performance in terms of change in Scale Efficiency, change in Technical Efficiency, change in Technological Change and Total Factor Productivity. The paper compares efficiencies for the companies in public and private commercial airlines sector in India. Five Airlines companies are included in the study. The research includes Total Annual Income as an output variable and Total Expenditure, Employee Compensation, Sales & Distribution Expenditure and Marketing expenses as Input variables. A panel data with 30 observations has been used for analysis. The panel data is used to arrive to MPI estimates, with a total of five commercial airlines companies in India. The Total Factor Productivity change in the airlines sector depends upon the change in the efficiency and productivity of the companies. From the study it is evident that the Total Factor Productivity change has not changed significantly over the last six years for all the companies under study. The Technical Efficiency was the highest in the year 2013-14 which then dropped in the subsequent year. The Total Factor Productivity change is mainly due to change in scale efficiency of the companies since the pure efficiency has shown no significant change during the period under study. The Total Factor Efficiency dropped by almost 50% in the case of Air India in the year 2015-16. This drop is attributed to the deterioration in the technical efficiency of the company. The overall Total Factor Productivity of Air India is the highest. This can be attributed to positive change in the company’s Technical Efficiency especially in the year 2013-14. It is evident that all the airlines companies under study have not emphasized on improving scale efficiency as well as pure efficiency. These companies can improve their overall productivity by bringing in efficiency in the scale of operations as well as focus on improving efficiency on factors other than scale of operations. The commercial airlines companies in India need to improve their scale efficiency and pure efficiency to improve their total factor productivity.
Effect on an Aluminium Plate with V-fins under Natural convection heat transfer conditions
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Padmabhooshan Vasantraodada Patil Institute of Technology, Budhgaon, Sangli, India, Wani* Prof. S. A. , Mane Prof. P. A. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli, India, Mane Mrs. S. P. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Padmabhooshan Vasantraodada Patil Institute of Technology, Budhgaon, Sangli, India, Lad Miss. A. P. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Padmabhooshan Vasantraodada Patil Institute of Technology, Budhgaon, Sangli, India, Patil Prof. S. R. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Padmabhooshan Vasantraodada Patil Institute of Technology, Budhgaon, Sangli, India
Published: April 2020

This paper reveals the experimentation of vertical aluminium plate on which v-fins are attached. The parameters of performance like average heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number are calculated and compared. The rectangular fins are arranged to form a v-shape and are tested for various heater inputs like 50W, 100W, 125W and so on. As per the results it is concluded that the v-fins arrangement with apex downwards is the best arrangement as compared to rectangular arrangement.
The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in Protection and Promotion of Child Rights in the North Lakhimpur Sub-Division of Lakhimpur District of Assam
Authors:   M. Phil in Krishnakanta Handiqui State Open University, Assam., Dutta* Devaraj
Published: April 2020

‘Child Rights’ refers to those human rights which are very essential for all-round development of a child. These rights are fundamental rights which make their life meaningful. However, in today’s world all children do not enjoy their rights equally. Among all sections of people children are the most neglected, exploited and vulnerable to almost all forms of social evils. In the developing countries of the world problems relating to children like infanticide, child marriage, child trafficking, child labour, child prostitution, drug addicted children etc. are very severe. As a developing country India has also been struggling with similar problems. In the North Eastern state of Assam also problems relating to children is seen almost in all parts of the state. Efforts are being made by the government and several other agencies to protect and promote the rights of children. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the role of Non-Governmental Organizations in protection and promotion of child rights. The study was carried out in North Lakhimpur Sub-Division of Lakhimpur District of Assam State. The study is based on both theoretical and empirical data. The methodology used for the study was in-depth interview through both Qualitative and Quantitative Research techniques. The study assumes significance as it intends to highlight the ground reality of the functioning of Non-Governmental Organizations in the study area.
Citizen Unique ID Based Real Time Face Recognition for Surveillance and National Security
Authors:   Pursuing, Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science at Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysuru., Malimath* Kartikeya P , HS Ravikumar ,   Pursuing Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science at Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysuru., M Chethan ,   Pursuing Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science at Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysuru., C D Divya ,   Assistant professor in the department of computer science and engineering, vidyavardhaka College of engineering, Mysuru, Joshi Soumaya L G ,   Pursuing Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science at Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysuru.
Published: April 2020

Provision of home security services has become an integral part of our lives in today’s technological society where attackers usually have all the necessary means and resources at their disposal. Face Recognition is producing gigantic enthusiasm because of government worries about character the executives and worldwide fear based oppressor movement. One aspiration of Intelligent CCTV is to help counteract fear based oppression and a key innovation is solid face acknowledgment. The movement discovery module is dependable to decide the degree of action while the face identification module separates between approved individuals and interlopers. Our system is better than many proposed systems as it combines both motion detection and face recognition in a single system. Our framework has three noteworthy segments containing: 1) a Viola-Jones face discovery module 2) a Pose Normalization Module to evaluate facial posture and make up for extraordinary posture points 3) Adaptive Principal Component Analysis to perceive the standardized appearances.
Passenger Satisfaction towards Indian Railway in Kerala with Special Reference to Aluva Junction
Authors:   M.com., Department of Finance and Systems, Amrita School of Arts and Science, Kochi, Kerala, India., Asokan Parvathy , S. Girish ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce and Management , Amrita School of Arts and Science ,Kochi, Kerala, India.
Published: April 2020

In India transportation is a vital infrastructure and assumes wider in developing countries since all the sectors of the event area unit closely dependent upon the existence of acceptable transportation modes. The study is being conducted in Aluva town. Supply knowledge of information is adopted on primary data assortment among one hundred respondents. Aluva junction is regarded as the nerve centre which connects the highland districts to the rest of the state. And it is the railway station which has a higher rate of passengers round the clock. Overall study deals concerning the level of satisfaction of passengers in the basic, modern and outstation amenities offered by Indian railways. The study also points on the insights to develop and improve the standard of services to satisfy travelers to travel by train. The study mainly focuses on the association between the demographic factors and the level of satisfaction of passengers.
A Dynamic & Combined Framework for Predicting Phishing Attack
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India., Ashwinraj* G. , Kumar Sitaraa Krishna ,   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India., Sharma Devansh ,   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India., Ambhika Mrs. C. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
Published: April 2020

With the fast improvement of web applications, and with the solace gave by these web applications, web clients’ use this advantages, as it were, that they make practically the entirety of their everyday exercises, for example, newspaper reading, shopping, bill payment, ticket booking and entertainment with the assistance of the web. This wonder powers the clients of the web to get associated with the web for a drawn-out time and consequently it builds the odds of the clients to get trapped in the snare of phishing – an assault made by programmers to take delicate data by enticing the clients with rewarding offers at first and afterward diverting them to a fake website(which the client may not presume) where they can mislead the client by requesting that they present their credentials(usually clients present their credentials without realizing that these are phony offers made with a sole aim of taking delicate data ). Notwithstanding the caution and mindfulness given by the web community right now, and more phishing craftsman prevail in their attack. Likewise, these phishing craftsmen create novel attacks, for example, tab grabbing, site mirroring and so forth that draws in increasingly more web clients to be trapped in the snare of phishing. Anyway, numerous tools and methodologies have been created to forestall phishing and to caution clients orally and outwardly. Still, the achievement paces of the phishing attack stay high and furthermore the methodologies identified with phishing detection endures high false negative and false positive proportion. In this proposed system numerous mechanisms used to prevent phishing have been analyzed and a proficient system has been proposed to forestall phishing.
Real-Time Simulation of Static VAR Compensator and Static Synchronous Compensator
Authors:   Electrical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technical Teacher’s Training and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India, Bhandakkar* Anjali A. , Mathew Lini ,   Electrical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technical Teacher’s Training and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
Published: April 2020

In recent years, deregulation, open access, and co-generation in electrical power system are creating transmission voltage sags, swells, forced outages, and frequently followed by black-outs, congestion scenario, and many such problems. Reactive power limit is one of the major causes of voltage instability in the power system, and improving the system's reactive power handling capacity via Flexible AC transmission System (FACTS) devices is one of the remedies for prevention of voltage instability. The typical representatives of parallel FACTS devices for its avoidance are Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) and Static VAR Compensator (SVC). Real-Time Simulator facilitates a physically large and spatially diverse or distributed power system to be accurately simulated in laboratory, and physical devices, like controllers or protection equipment can be tested in real time, even with introduction of faults, overloads, loss of generation condition, and with many more conditions for stability analysis purpose. This paper presents comparison of power flow parameter and the performance characteristic of the controllers on Real-Time Simulator OPAL-RT-OP4510 with SVC, and STATCOM. The waveforms of voltage, current, active and reactive power during the Real-Time execution are taken from the simulation environment to the outside world, using input/output devices, and seen on Digital Storage Oscilloscope (DSO). The validation is done on multi-machine-9-bus system. The results of Real-Time Simulation during LLLG fault indicate that STATCOM supplies reactive power independent of line voltage, whereas SVC behaves as constant susceptance when the reactive power required by the system is above its rated capacity. The power flow parameters with both the controllers are comparable during steady state operation.
The Customization of an Oracle-Based Enterprise Resource Planning System in Pharmaceutical Distribution Company
Authors:   Department of Information Systems, School of Information Systems, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia., Richard*  , Pricella Via ,   Department of Information Systems, School of Information Systems, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Published: April 2020

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems implementation in a company should adapt to the complexity of user requirements. This research capture the customization process of Oracle-based ERP system in a pharmaceutical distribution company. The design method used in this research is Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD), which starts by gathering requirements from the company, then doing the design phase by using the UML diagram. Analysis of the ongoing system used as references for adjusting user requirements, and then made the design of the order management system that can help the company in recording and storing sales order transactions, recording and storing receipts. The company is expected to make sales transactions without relying on different applications by using this design, which makes the user more comfortable to do decision making when dealing with the customer and make transactions easier.
Contribution of Tourism Industry in Indian Economy: an Analysis
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Mittal School of Business, Lovely Professional University, Punjab (India), Godara* Rajender S. , Fetrat Durafshan Jaihoon ,   Student, M.Sc. Economics, Mittal School of Business, Lovely Professional UniversityPunjab (India), Nazari Azatullah ,   Student, M.Sc. Economics, Mittal School of Business, Lovely Professional University Punjab (India)
Published: April 2020

The tourism and travel industry is the biggest and most diverse industry in the universe. The impact of tourism on increasing employment and foreign exchange earnings, the boom in domestic industries, the expansion of international cooperation have changed the attitudes of countries around the world and played an important role in the policymaking of Governments. So the purpose of this research paper is to investigate the Impact of Foreign Tourism Receipts growth on the growth rate economic in Indian economy during the period of 2000-2019. In this study we are using the Ordinary Least Squares method (OLS method).The results show that there is a positive relationship between economic growth rate and growth of foreign tourism revenue growth but this relationship is very weak its mean that the impact of the growth of foreign tourism receipt on economic growth is less; We can also say that there is no strong relationship between these two variables.
Impact of Ind AS Adoption on the Financial Position of Companies in Pharmaceutical and Health Care Sector
Authors:   Assistant Professor (Stage II) Department of Commerce, Assam University Diphu Campus, Diphu, Karbi Angling, Assam, India., Dutta* Dr. Subit , Dutta Mrs. Amrita ,   Professor and Head, Department of Commerce, Assam University Diphu Campus, Diphu, Karbi Angling, Assam, India., Borman Ratan ,   Professor and Head, Department of Commerce, Assam University Diphu Campus, Diphu, Karbi Angling, Assam, India.
Published: April 2020

A new era of financial reporting started in India from 2016 because of the convergence of International Financial Reporting Standards with Indian GAAP and adoption of Indian Accounting Standards. Ind AS has become the new Indian GAAP for all the companies in India from the financial year 2016-17. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs realizing the difficulties in first time adoption and transitional issues, phase-wise the adoption of Ind AS has been made mandatory on the basis of the net worth and listing status of the companies. Phase I starts from 2016-17 covering listed or unlisted companies, those have net worth Rs. 500 Crores or above on 31st March, 2014 or 2015. Phase II starts from 2017-18 covering listed or unlisted companies which have net worth Rs. 250 Crores or above but less than Rs. 500 Crores on 31st March, 2014 or 2015 or 2016. Under phase III all the companies which are not covered under phase I or phase II will be mandatorily required to apply Ind AS from FY 2018-19. In this study the researcher has assessed the impact of Ind AS adoption on the Phase I companies in Pharmaceutical and Health Care sector which are listed in BSE Top 500 Companies.
Hybrid Techniques for Object Detection using Deep Learning
Authors:   Department of Information Science and Engineering, BMSIT&M, Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU), Bengaluru, India., S* Swetha M , M S Muneshwara ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BMSIT&M, Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU), Bengaluru, India.
Published: April 2020

Deep learning is a one of the major concept of Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning, which deals with the object detection task. On the other hand, a new targeted dataset is built according to commonly used existing datasets, and two networks called Single Shot Multi box Detector (SSD) and You Only Look Once (YOLO) are chosen to work on this new dataset. Through experimentation strengthen the understanding of these networks, and through the analysis of the results, learn the importance of targeted and inclusive datasets for deep learning. In addition, to this optimize the networks for efficient utilization when integrated with the necessary system or application. Further, explore the applications corresponding to these networks. The implementation includes two major concepts. The first concept is Object detection. Object detection is the process of object recognition and classification. There are several Training sets available online for training an object detection model. But the models are not trained to detect the same object from different geographical regions. The second concept is lane detection and steering suggestion. The model detects using the concept of radius or curvature of the road and also distance of the car from both the lane lines. Using these parameters it also gives steering suggestions such as move right or left by a certain distance. In addition to this it gives the distance and speed attributes of the surrounding objects such as cars, motorcycles, etc. Finally, the model developed is capable of detecting all the parameters required in order to be integrated and to create a self-driving car and it can be used efficiently in India. Using the above parameters that are obtained from the model the car can navigate through lanes in real-time. Its improved performance is due to the fact that it can detect road specific objects and because it is specifically trained for Indian roads.
PSO Based Grey Bass Model for Simulating New Product Diffusion
Authors:   Lecturer (Mechanical) Government polytechnic college, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India., Parihar* Ramesh , Purohit Dr. Kamlesh ,   Professor & Ex. Dean MBM Engineering College, JNV University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
Published: April 2020

The Bass model is one of the basic models for new product diffusion analysis. But the Bass model requires a large quantity of raw data to determine parameters of Bass model and this model also uses the potential capacity of market based on the subjective experience. To solve the problem of necessity of large raw data of Bass model, Wang put forward the Grey Bass model. Wang used non-linear least square (NLS) method to find the parameters of Grey Bass model and to assess the potential capacity of market. In the present paper a more appropriate method for Grey Bass equation is offered which estimates potential capacity of market even if the sample size is small. The proposed model is based on the minimization of sum of square of error between actual and predicted data using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. Using the case study data, as used by Wang, the accuracy of the improved method is investigated. The results show that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) in the present case is 6.52 % compared to 7.93% reported by Wang.
Condoglianze e cordoglio: le differenze tra due parole oggi (purtroppo) attuali
Authors: De Vecchis Kevin
Published: April 2020

Alcuni lettori chiedono di fare chiarezza sulle differenze tra due parole formalmente simili e semanticamente affini: condoglianze e cordoglio. Ci è stato, dunque, chiesto di spiegare l’etimologia delle voci in questione e di appurare se la voce cordoglianza possa ritenersi corretta.
REPRESENTAÇÃO DOS ESPAÇOS DE MEMÓRIA EM OUTROS CANTOS DE MARIA VALÉRIA REZENDE
Authors: Lima Rocha Nátali Conceição , Mendes Algemira De Macêdo
Published: April 2020

Resumo: A memória como faculdade essencial a condição humana retém uma profusão de imagens que fluem pelo indivíduo e se tornam acessíveis sempre que despertadas pelo espaço interior ou exterior no qual o sujeito está inserido. Desta forma, este trabalho objetiva analisar as reminiscências da narradora-personagem Maria da obra Outros Cantos de Maria Valéria Rezende, a partir da rememoração de experiências adquiridas quando estava em situação de diáspora e em um ambiente predominantemente rural e sertanejo. Entre o entrelaçamento do passado e do presente, Maria, mulher, professora e revolucionária, constrói o seu relato a partir de fragmentos que trazem suas vivências iniciais e do seu aprendizado naquele meio tão diferente do qual estava habituada. Nesta narrativa, o espaço é um dos condicionantes para os constantes deslocamentos e a memória é um alicerce responsável no resgate de percepções e sensações. Desta maneira, a pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico ancora-se na visão de Stuart Hall (2003), Bachelard (2005), Polak (2003) entre outros. A urdidura traçada através do relato individual e dos constantes deslocamentos da narradora-personagem Maria traz imagens e costumes apreendidos através da memória coletiva e estes reverberam e irrompem do passado para o presente trazendo sensações de conforto e afeto.

Palavras-chave: Narrativa; Diáspora; Memória.
Monitoring Driver’s Vigilance Level Using Real-Time Facial Expression and Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Al-Dweik Arafat , Tamanani Reza Mohammadi , Muresan Radu
Published: April 2020

Road accidents caused by human error are among

the main causes of the death in the world. Specifically, drowsiness and unconsciousness while driving are responsible for many fatal accidents on highways. Accuracy and performance are key metrics related to many researched techniques for the detection of drivers’ drowsiness. To improve these metrics, in this paper,

a new method based on image processing and deep learning is proposed. The proposed method is based on facial region diagnosing using the Haar-cascade method and convolutional neural network for drowsiness probability detection. Evaluation analysis of the proposed method on the UTA-RLDD dataset with stratified 5-fold cross-validation showed a high accuracy of 96.8% at a speed of 10 frames per second, which is higher than those that have previously been reported in the literature. For further investigation, a custom dataset including 10 participants in different light conditions was collected. The result of all experiments showed the great potential of the proposed method

for practical applications in intelligent transportation systems
A non-convex optimization framework for large-scale low-rank matrix factorization
Authors: Hafshejani Sajad Fathi , Vahidian Saeed , Moaberfard Zahra , Alikhani Reza , Lin Bill
Published: April 2020

Low-rank matrix factorization problems such as non negative matrix factorization (NMF) can be categorized as a clustering or dimension reduction technique. The latter denotes techniques designed to find representations of some high dimensional dataset in a lower dimensional manifold without a significant loss of information. If such a representation exists, the features ought to contain the most relevant features of the dataset. Many linear dimensionality reduction techniques can be formulated as a matrix factorization. In this paper, we combine the conjugate gradient (CG) method with the Barzilai and Borwein (BB) gradient method, and propose a BB scaling CG method for NMF problems. The new method does not require to compute and store matrices associated with Hessian of the objective functions. Moreover, adopting a suitable BB step size along with a proper nonmonotone strategy which comes by the size convex parameter $\eta_k$, results in a new algorithm that can significantly improve the CPU time, efficiency, the number of function evaluation. Convergence result is established and numerical comparisons of methods on both synthetic and real-world datasets show that the proposed method is efficient in comparison with existing methods and demonstrate the superiority of our algorithms.
Ludowe bajki łotewskie w badaniach polskich folklorystów (rekonesans)
Authors: Wróblewska Violetta
Published: April 2020

Celem artykułu jest przegląd polskich badań folklorystycznych poświęconych łotewskim bajkom ludowym. Zasadnicza teza sprowadza się do uznania tych badań za marginalne, o czym świadczy nieznaczna liczba prac na ten temat od XIX do XXI wieku, na co wpływ mogło mieć kilka czynników. Wśród najistotniejszych wymienić można powody polityczne – złożone dzieje narodów polskiego i łotewskiego, kulturowe – nikła znajomość języka łotewskiego, utrudniająca kontakt z oryginalnymi tekstowymi wytworami kultury, rzadko też tłumaczonymi na język polski, do tego nieduże zainteresowanie folklorem wynikające ze zwrotu ku masowej kulturze amerykańskiej.
Nezinātniski priekšstati par poļu valodu Latgalē [pol. Nienaukowe poglądy na język polski w Łatgalii]
Authors: Kļavinska Antra
Published: April 2020

Apzīmējumam „nezinātniski priekšstati” jebkura pētījuma kontekstā ir šķietami negatīva semantika, proti, tas ir priekšstatu kopums, kam nav zinātniska pamata. Taču, no otras puses, apzīmējums „nezinātniski priekšstati” ir saistāms ar mūsdienu lingvistikā aktuālu pieeju, ko dēvē par folklinvistiku.

Raksta mērķis ir atklāt latgaliešu (nespeciālistu) priekšstatus par poļu valodu, tās būtību un statusu senatnē un mūsdienās. Pētījuma avoti ir latgaliešu folkloras teksti, mūsdienu latgaliešu tekstu korpuss (MuLa), kā arī Latgales iedzīvotāju intervijas. Izmantojot folklingvistikas teorētiskās atziņas un metodoloģiju, minētajos avotos noteikts un salīdzināts: 1) kādi priekšstati par poļu valodas būtību un statusu ir pausti folklorā, mūsdienu latgaliešu rakstveida tekstos un nespeciālistu (nevalodnieku) intervijās; 2) kāda lingvistiskā attieksme pret poļu valodu pausta dažādos latgaliešu valodas tekstos.

Pētījuma gaitā nonākts pie atziņas, ka folkloras, daiļliteratūras un publicistikas teksti, kā arī interviju dati apliecina poļu valodas ilglaicīgu klātbūtni Latgales teritorijā. Saskarsme ar poļu valodu ir notikusi un notiek gan makrovidē (katoļu baznīca, izglītība, sabiedriski pasākumi, poļu kultūras biedrības), gan mikrovidē (saziņa ar kaimiņiem, poļu izcelsmes radiniekiem). Folkloras tekstos, kas atspoguļo senāku lingvistisko sakaru slāni, izpratnē par poļu valodu spilgtāk izpaužas opozīcija “mēs – viņi” (sociālā nevienlīdzība, poļu valodas prestižs). Latgaliešu daiļliteratūra spilgtāk atklāj vēsturisko kontekstu: latgaliešiem poļu valodas prasme – a) iespēja izglītoties, “izrauties” no zemnieku kārtas; b) draudi zaudēt savu identitāti. Publicistikā un intervijās tiek atklātas poļu valodas funkcionēšanas sfēras mūsdienās, kā arī tās “izzušanas” tendences. Valodas raksturojumā tiek izmantots salīdzinājums ar citām zināmajām (galvenokārt slāvu) valodām, pausta gan pozitīva, gan negatīva, gan neitrāla lingvistskā attieksme.
ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS YANG DILAKUKAN ANAK DIKABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN
Authors: Sitepu Desy Kartika Caronina
Published: April 2020

Pada masa sekarang ini perkembangan Ilmu pengetahuan  dan teknologi dewasa ini demikian pesatnya  sehingga jumlah kendaraan dengan sendiri meningkat, hal ini tiada lain karena kebutuhan manusia itu juga terutama bagi pelajar dan mahasiswa pada umumnya di Simalungun saat ini sudah bekendaraan terutama roda dua, seiring dengan keadaan ini  banyak pelanggaran lalu lintas yang dilakukan Pelajar/Mahasiswa ini diantaranya Tidak memiliki SIM dan tidak menggunakan Helm Pada saat berkendaraan bermotor. Metode  Penelitian Yang digunakan dalam Penelitian ini yaitu Yuridis EmpirisHasil Penelitian Dapat Dikemukakan bahwa Bahwa  Penerapan Pidana Denda  terhadap anak yang melakukan tindak pidana pelanggaran Lalu Lintas bertentangan dengan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak.Hal ini dapat dilihat berdasarkan kepada Pasal 71 Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012  Tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, bahwa sanksi pidana hanya dapat dikenakan kepada anak yang hukum dengan usia 14 (Empat Belas Tahun) keatas yang terbagi atas Pidana Pokok dan Pidana Tambahan tidak ada Sanksi terhadap anak berupa denda.Kemudian apabila anak berhadapan hukum tersebut masih berumur di bawah 14 (empatbelas) tahun, berdasarkan pada Pasal 69 ayat (2) UU SPPA maka hanya akan dikenakan pidana tindakan yaitu berupa pengembalian kepada orang tua, penyerahan  kepada seseorang. Kata Kunci : Pelanggaran ,lalu Lintas, Pidana Denda, Anak
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA TERHADAP PENGALIHAN BENDA JAMINAN FIDUSIA DALAM PERJANJIAN KREDIT
Authors: Sahputra Syahron
Published: April 2020

Perjanjian kredit terhadap benda bergerak yang dilakukan antara kreditor merupakan perjanjian pokok atas pinjam meminjam, dalam perjanjian tersebut dikenal perjanjian tambahan (ikutan) yaitu dalam bentuk perjanjian jaminan fidusia. Pasal 23 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Jaminan Fidusia, yang selanjutnya akan disebut UUJF menyatakan Pemberi Fidusia dilarang mengalihkan, menggadaikan, atau menyewakan kepada pihak lain benda yang menjadi objek Jaminan Fidusia yang tidak merupakan benda persediaan, kecuali dengan persetujuan tertulis terlebih dahulu dari Penerima Fidusia. Berdasarkan hal tersebut apabila debitor melakukan perbuatan pengalihan benda jaminan maka dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban secara pidana.Adapun metode pendekatan yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bersifat yuridis Normatif. Penelitian yuridis maksudnya adalah penelitian yang mengacu pada studi kepustakaan yang ada ataupun terhadap data sekunder yang digunakan. sedangkan penelitian normatif yaitu bertujuan untuk memperoleh pengetahuan normatif tentang hubungan antara satu peraturan dengan peraturan lainnya.Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa pertanggungjawaban pidana debitur terhadap pengalihan benda jaminan fidusia dalam perjanjian kredit diatur dalam Pasal 36 Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia yaitu terhadap debitor (pemberi fidusia) mengalihkan benda jaminan tanpa izin penerima jaminan akan dipidana penjara paling lama 2 tahun dan denda paling banyak Rp 50.000.000,- (lima puluh juta rupiah).   Kata Kunci : Pertanggungjawaban, Tindak Pidana, Pengalihan, Benda Jaminan
Antidepressant-like activity of the dipeptide mimetic of brain-derived neurotrophic factor GSB-106 in Porsolt test after intraperitoneal sub-chronically and chronically treatment in mice
Authors: Tallerova A. V. , Povarnina P. Y. , Minaev S. V. , Gudasheva T. A. , Seredenin S. B.
Published: April 2020

The present work was to study the GSB-106 effect on the immobility behavior of mice Balb/c in the Porsolt test. GSB-106 was administered sub-chronically and chronically intraperitoneal in dose 1 mg/kg. GSB-106 administration significantly decreased immobility time in mice by 1.2 times after 4 days, by 1.3 times after 14 days and 1.2 times after 21 days’ injections. Thus, the dependence of the GSB-106 effect-time administration in the Porsolt test was not established.
Landscapes of Extraction and the Memories of Extinction in Patricio Guzmán’s Nostalgia de la luz and El botón de nácar
Authors: Figueroa J. Sebastián
Published: April 2020

Focusing on Guzmán's essay films Nostalgia de la luz (2010) and El botón de nácar (2015), in this article I argue that the ambiguity between reference and abstraction that pervades the visual representation of landscape in late capitalism offers a productive way to map out the processes of extinction caused by continual histories of extraction. This ambiguity not only reveals the limits of the landscape-form to convey the degradation of nature, but also the progressive disappearance of the human subject from the center of history in such spaces where capital seeks time and time again to resolve its internal contradictions through new forms of resource extraction. In this fashion, Guzmán’s totalizing aspiration to represent the historical, archaeological, and even cosmological pasts through the landscapes of the Atacama Desert and Patagonia becomes a way to explain how capital has moved from the human to the planetary, which entails a larger alteration of ecological metabolism and transforms extinction into the only historical horizon. I conclude that the memory of past processes of extraction and extinction inscribed in these landscapes can also function as a prolepsis of a future without us, thus presenting an opportunity to reactivate the subject’s historical potential to change the way we relate to nature.
Book Review of Techno-Thoreau: Aesthetics, Ecology and the Capitalocene
Authors: Ağın Başak
Published: April 2020

Book review.
Optimalisasi Pengoperasian Inert Gas System (IGS) Pada Saat Bongkar Muat
Authors: Dalmadi  , Setiono Dalsih
Published: April 2020

Turbo charger adalah suatu komponen yang dipasang pada kendaraan bermotor yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan daya dari motor dengan melakukan penambahan rapat massa udara yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan cara pengisian biasa. Turbocharger terdiri dari sebuah turbin dan sebuah kompresor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan Turbo Charger, Variasi derajat awal penyemprotan pompa injeksi (5˚, 10˚, 15˚) sebelum TMA terhadap efisiensi pemakaian bahan bakar pada mesin DAIHATSU dan diperoleh salah satu cara pemakaian bahan bakar yang hemat dengan menggunakan Turbo Charger dengan memperoleh daya yang besar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada interaksi antara pemakaian turbo charger dan derajat awal penyemprotan pompa injeksi terhadap waktu pemakaian bahan bakar yaitu penggunaan Turbo Charger tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap efisiensi bahan bakar pada mesim DAIHATSU dan Variasi derajat awal penyemprotan pompa injeksi berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap efisiensi bahan bakar pada mesin DAIHATSU.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disarankan agar dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut misalnya kendala pada turbo charger terhadap daya dan gas buang pada mesin DAIHATSU
Optimalisasi Perawatan Pengabut Bahan Bakar Pada Mesin Induk
Authors: Darmana Eka , Nur Hidayat Eko
Published: April 2020

Optimalisasi perawatan pengabut bahan bakar mesin induk di atas kapal dilakukan agar kinerja mesin optimal. Pada penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah metode diskriptif. Masalah yang dihadapi adalah perawatan terhadap pengabut bahan bakar sudah dilakukan, tetapi belum optimal yang ditandai dengan sering terjadinya asap hitam yang dihasilkan oleh gas buang (exhaust gas), dikarenakan kurangnya ketersediaan suku cadang (spare part) yang disebabkan karena sering terjadinya pengiriman suku cadang dari perusahaan yang terlambat datang. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah invetarisasi pemakaian suku cadang, membuat dan melaksanakan perencanaan perawatan dan pemeliharaan terhadap alat pengabut bahan bakar (injector) serta mengajukan pengadaan suku   cadang yang cukup sesuai jadwal perawatan.
Penurunan Tekanan pada Pompa Air Laut pada Mesin Induk Kapal
Authors: Mustain Iing
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penyebab menurunya tekanan pompa pendingin air laut pada mesin induk di kapal. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis kuantitaif deskriptif yaitu dengan melakukan pengamatan tentang menurunnya tekanan pompa air laut pendingin mesin induk kapal. Waktu yang digunakan dalam melaksanakan penelitian dan pengumpulan data-data yang diperlukan adalah 12 bulan lebih 10 hari. Hasil pengamatan diperoleh kurangnya daya hisap dan tekanan pompa air laut disebabkan saringan isap tertutup kotoran saat kapal masuk ke perairan dangkal baik pantai maupun sungai yang terdapat kotoran terutama sampah plastik dan lumpur, kotoran tersebut akan menghalangi aliran isap dari pompa pendingin. Menurunnya kinerja impeller pada pompa disebabkan karena terjadinya penyumbatan pada Impeller oleh kotoran-kotoran, keran-keran atau binatang laut yang masuk melalui Sea Chest sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan tekanan pompa ait laut. Kebocoran pada bagian gland packing pompa berupa tetesan zat cair yang jumlahnya tidak lebih dari 0,5 cm3/s. Jika jumlah tetesan lebih dari ini, penekan Packing harus di kencangkan pelan-pelan dan merata dengan mengencangkan kedua mur secara bergantian sampai tetesan menjadi normal, apabila setelah di kencangkan tetesan masih tidak normal gland packing wajib diganti dengan yang baru.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Menggunakan Rasio Likuiditas terhadap Kinerja Organisasi
Authors: Slamet Dede , Ramdany Ramdany
Published: April 2020

Research Objectives for Analysis of Financial Performance Using Liquidity Ratios on Organizational Performance Case Study at PT JIEP Pulogadung. The method used is the existing financial ratio analysis methods, namely the 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2014, and 2015 financial statements. By evaluating through the ratio analysis tool, it is expected to be able to know the progress made by management in running the company. The results of the research show that Cash Ratio partially has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Performance. Current Ratio partially has no significant effect on profit studies. Revenue budget and cost budget simultaneously have a significant effect on profit study.
Spitzer Observations of the Predicted Eddington Flare from Blazar OJ 287
Authors: Laine Seppo , Dey Lankeswar , Valtonen Mauri , Gopakumar A. , Zola Stanislaw , Komossa S. , Kidger Mark , Pihajoki Pauli , Gómez José L. , Caton Daniel , Ciprini Stefano , Drozdz Marek , Gazeas Kosmas , Godunova Vira , Haque Shirin , Hildebrandt Felix , Hudec Rene , Jermak Helen , Kong Albert K. H. , Lehto Harry , Liakos Alexios , Matsumoto Katsura , Mugrauer Markus , Pursimo Tapio , Reichart Daniel E. , Simon Andrii , Siwak Michal , Sonbas Eda
Published: April 2020

Binary black hole (BH) central engine description for the unique blazar OJ 287 predicted that the next secondary BH impact-induced bremsstrahlung flare should peak on 2019 July 31. This prediction was based on detailed general relativistic modeling of the secondary BH trajectory around the primary BH and its accretion disk. The expected flare was termed the Eddington flare to commemorate the centennial celebrations of now-famous solar eclipse observations to test general relativity by Sir Arthur Eddington. We analyze the multi-epoch Spitzer observations of the expected flare between 2019 July 31 and 2019 September 6, as well as baseline observations during 2019 February–March. Observed Spitzer flux density variations during the predicted outburst time display a strong similarity with the observed optical pericenter flare from OJ 287 during 2007 September. The predicted flare appears comparable to the 2007 flare after subtracting the expected higher base-level Spitzer flux densities at 3.55 and 4.49 μm compared to the optical R-band. Comparing the 2019 and 2007 outburst lightcurves and the previously calculated predictions, we find that the Eddington flare arrived within 4 hr of the predicted time. Our Spitzer observations are well consistent with the presence of a nano-Hertz gravitational-wave emitting spinning massive binary BH that inspirals along a general relativistic eccentric orbit in OJ 287. These multi-epoch Spitzer observations provide a parametric constraint on the celebrated BH no-hair theorem.
Correlation of Muscle Invasion in Bladder Cancer with Cell Adhesion Properties and Oncoprotein Overexpression Using E-Cadherin and HER2/neu Immunohistochemical Markers.
Authors: Esmail Reham Shehab El Nemr , Mahmoud Abdellah Mohamed , Omer Abdel-Salam Lubna
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Most of bladder cancers are proven to be of urothelial origin (transitional cell carcinomas). Above 75% of them are of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) type at presentation and the remainder are MIBC. Recent studies suggest that both are most probably two different categories based on both the histopathological and molecular features. The comprehensive understanding of the biomarkers expression in both categories will help in understanding the molecular event underlying each of them and may provide possible chances for targeted therapeutic options.
AIM: This study aims to study the differential expression of both E-cadherin and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) in the two categories of bladder cancer NMIBCs and MIBCs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 40 blocks were collected retrospectively from cases of cancer bladder, segregated as 20 cases NMIBCs and 20 cases MIBCs, subjected for E-cadherin and HER2 immunostaining.
RESULTS: E-cadherin showed positive expression in 65% of cases of NMI group and in 10% of the MI group, with high statistical significance (p < 0.001). Regarding HER2, positive expression was seen in 25% of NMI cases and in 90% of MI cases, with statistical significance (p < 0.001). Comparison of the results of both markers and their correlation per case showed that 90% of tumors with muscle invasion were E-cadherin negative and HER2 positive.
CONCLUSION: The significant association of loss of E-cadherin immunohistochemistry expression and positive HER2 overexpression in MIBC versus NMIBC figured out more differences between the two categories and added to the understanding of their biology. The possibility of validation of HER2-targeted therapy in MIBC cases is now strongly suggested.
Plano mestre de produção: modelo para determinar o mix ideal de produção em um ambiente de customização em massa
Authors: Cesaro Alexandre De
Published: April 2020

A Customização em Massa busca otimizar o custo de produção fornecendo produtos de acordo com a necessidade individual do consumidor. Para o PPCP – Planejamento, Programação e Controle de Produção, estabelecer a programação da produção mais adequada em um ambiente de Customização em Massa acaba se tornando um desafio. O Plano Mestre de Produção define o que deve ser produzido estabelecendo a melhor estratégia. Neste contexto, o presente estudo tem por objetivo desenvolver um modelo de calculo para maximizar os lucros com a implementação do mix ideal de produção e redução da ociosidade nos processos em uma empresa de acessórios de moda caracterizada pela customização em massa. No referencial teórico, são definidos os conceitos da Customização em Massa e do Plano Mestre de Produção. Através de um estudo de caso, é proposto em 10 etapas um método para agrupamento dos itens por similaridade do processo obtendo os resultados da otimização e comparando com a produção real da empresa. Como resultado obtém-se um modelamento matemático que permite definir qual a quantidade que deve ser vendida de cada item maximizando a lucratividade. O modelo criado demonstra que, no período estudado, a menor demanda representa uma taxa de ocupação das maquinas que variam de 7 a 31%. Na maior demanda do período, a taxa de ocupação variou de 38 a 85%.
A problemática da planta genérica de valores no IPTU de um município gaúcho
Authors: Gering Silvia Maria Parmeggiani , Pinto Nelson Guilherme Machado , Vieira Kelmara Mendes
Published: April 2020

Os municípios devem promover a arrecadação dos tributos de sua competência para a realização das suas múltiplas atividades visando o bem comum dos cidadãos. No Município de Santa Maria (RS), o Imposto Sobre Propriedade Predial e Territorial Urbana - IPTU destaca-se pelo baixo nível de arrecadação, influenciado, em parte, pela defasagem da Planta Genérica de Valores. Para tanto, o estudo teve como objetivo constatar e identificar os percentuais da defasagem da Planta Genérica de Valores. Então, utilizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa e técnicas estatísticas descritivas. Serviram de amostra os dados cadastrais e financeiros de 126.190 imóveis registrados no setor imobiliário. Com base na estatística descritiva, constatou-se que os valores venais e tributáveis estão abaixo do valor de mercado, devido a aplicação de redutores e defasagem da planta genérica de valores. O desequilíbrio estimado entre os valores praticados pelo mercado e pela Prefeitura através da PGV, apresentam uma defasagem média de 461,29% e 1.575,53%, respectivamente para os valores venais e valores tributáveis dos imóveis. A desatualização de ambos é perceptível em toda cidade, demonstrando a necessidade de uma revisão dos valores que compõem a base de cálculo do IPTU.
Diversity, distribution patterns, and fauno-genesis of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of mainland China
Authors: Golovatch Sergei I. , Liu Weixin
Published: April 2020

Based on all available information, 339 species from 71 genera, 26 families, and eleven orders of Diplopoda have hitherto been recorded from mainland China, the fauna thus being very rich, albeit far from completely known, comprising various zoogeographic elements and populating very different environments. Diplopods mainly occur in various woodlands, in caves, and high in the mountains. Most species (> 90 %, usually highly localised, including 160 cavernicoles), 18 genera, and one family are strictly endemic to continental China. Mapping not only the horizontal, but also the vertical distributions of Diplopoda in China shows the bulk of the fauna to be expectedly restricted to forested lowland and mountain biomes or their remnants. Yet some Chordeumatida, Callipodida, Polydesmida, Julida, and even Spirobolida seem to occur only in the subalpine to alpine environments and thus may provisionally be considered as truly high-montane. The long-acknowledged notions of China being a great biogeographic zone transitional between the Palaearctic and Oriental regions generally find good support in millipede distributions, in particular at the higher taxonomic levels (generic, familial, and ordinal). While the Palaearctic/Holarctic components expectedly dominate the fauna of the northern parts of the country, the Oriental ones prevail in its south and along the Pacific coast. Both realms are increasingly mixed and intermingled towards China’s centre. However, in addition to the above traditional views, based on distribution patterns alone, southern China seems to harbour a rather small, but highly peculiar faunal nucleus or origin centre of its own, whence Himalaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina and/or Taiwan could have become populated by younger lineages. The millipede fauna of continental China is thus a tangled mixture of zoogeographic elements of various origins and ages, both relict and more advanced. The few anthropochores must have been the latest faunal “layer” to populate China.