bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of artificial intelligence in endoscopic image analysis for the diagnosis of a gastric cancer pathogen-Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Lin Chih-Hsueh , Hsu Ping-I , Tseng Chin-Dar , Chao Pei-Ju , Wu I-Ting , Ghose Supratip , Shih Chih-An , Lee Shen-Hao , Ren Jia-Hong , Shie Chang-Bih , Lee Tsair-Fwu
Published: August 2023

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is the principal cause of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. In clinical practice, diagnosis ofH. pyloriinfection by a gastroenterologists’ impression of endoscopic images is inaccurate and cannot be used for the management of gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to develop an artificial intelligence classification system for the diagnosis ofH. pyloriinfection by pre-processing endoscopic images and machine learning methods. Endoscopic images of the gastric body and antrum from 302 patients receiving endoscopy with confirmation ofH. pyloristatus by a rapid urease test at An Nan Hospital were obtained for the derivation and validation of an artificial intelligence classification system. TheH. pyloristatus was interpreted as positive or negative by Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Concurrent Spatial and Channel Squeeze and Excitation (scSE) network, combined with different classification models for deep learning of gastric images. The comprehensive assessment forH. pyloristatus by scSE-CatBoost classification models for both body and antrum images from same patients achieved an accuracy of 0.90, sensitivity of 1.00, specificity of 0.81, positive predictive value of 0.82, negative predicted value of 1.00, and area under the curve of 0.88. The data suggest that an artificial intelligence classification model using scSE-CatBoost deep learning for gastric endoscopic images can distinguishH. pyloristatus with good performance and is useful for the survey or diagnosis ofH. pyloriinfection in clinical practice.
Room temperature multiferroicity in a transition metal dichalcogenide
Authors: Cardenas-Chirivi G. , Vega-Bustos K. , Rojas-Páez H. , Silvera-Vega D. , Pazos J. , Herrera O. , Macías M. A. , Espejo C. , López-Pérez W. , Galvis J. A. , Giraldo-Gallo P.
Published: August 2023

The coexistence of multiple ferroic orders, i.e., multiferroicity, is a scarce property to be found in materials. Historically, this state has been found mainly in 3-dimensional complex oxides, but so far, this state has still been elusive for the most widely studied and characterized family of 2-dimensional compounds, the transition metal dichalcogenides. In this study, we report the experimental realization of multiferroic states in this family of materials, at room temperature, in bulk single crystals of Te-doped WSe2. We observe the coexistence of ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity, evidenced in the presence of magnetization and piezoresponse force microscopy hysteresis loops. These findings open the possibility of widening the use and study of van der Waals-based multifunctional devices for nanoelectronics and spintronics applications.
Fossil brains provide evidence of underwater feeding in early seals
Authors: Lyras George A. , Werdelin Lars , van der Geer Bartholomeus G. M. , van der Geer Alexandra A. E.
Published: August 2023

Pinnipeds (seals and related species) use their whiskers to explore their environment and locate their prey. Today they live mostly in marine habitats and are adapted for a highly specialised amphibious lifestyle with their flippers for locomotion and a hydrodynamically streamlined body. The earliest pinnipeds, however, lived on land and in freshwater habitats, much like mustelids today. Here we reconstruct the underwater foraging behaviour of one of these earliest pinnipeds (Potamotherium), focusing in particular on how it used its whiskers (vibrissae). For this purpose, we analyse the coronal gyrus of the brain of 7 fossil and 31 extant carnivorans. This region receives somatosensory input from the head. Our results show that the reliance on whiskers in modern pinnipeds is an ancestral feature that favoured survival of stem pinnipeds in marine habitats. This study provides insights into an impressive ecological transition in carnivoran evolution: from terrestrial to amphibious marine species. Adaptations for underwater foraging were crucial for this transition.
Transcriptional profiling of canine osteosarcoma identifies prognostic gene expression signatures with translational value for humans
Authors: Mannheimer Joshua D. , Tawa Gregory , Gerhold David , Braisted John , Sayers Carly M. , McEachron Troy A. , Meltzer Paul , Mazcko Christina , Beck Jessica A. , LeBlanc Amy K.
Published: August 2023

Canine osteosarcoma is increasingly recognized as an informative model for human osteosarcoma. Here we show in one of the largest clinically annotated canine osteosarcoma transcriptional datasets that two previously reported, as well as de novo gene signatures devised through single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), have prognostic utility in both human and canine patients. Shared molecular pathway alterations are seen in immune cell signaling and activation including TH1 and TH2 signaling, interferon signaling, and inflammatory responses. Virtual cell sorting to estimate immune cell populations within canine and human tumors showed similar trends, predominantly for macrophages and CD8+ T cells. Immunohistochemical staining verified the increased presence of immune cells in tumors exhibiting immune gene enrichment. Collectively these findings further validate naturally occurring osteosarcoma of the pet dog as a translationally relevant patient model for humans and improve our understanding of the immunologic and genomic landscape of the disease in both species.
Exploring the phase diagram of 3D artificial spin-ice
Authors: Saccone Michael , Van den Berg Arjen , Harding Edward , Singh Shobhna , Giblin Sean R. , Flicker Felix , Ladak Sam
Published: August 2023

Artificial spin-ices consist of lithographic arrays of single-domain magnetic nanowires organised into frustrated lattices. These geometries are usually two-dimensional, allowing a direct exploration of physics associated with frustration, topology and emergence. Recently, three-dimensional geometries have been realised, in which transport of emergent monopoles can be directly visualised upon the surface. Here we carry out an exploration of the three-dimensional artificial spin-ice phase diagram, whereby dipoles are placed within a diamond-bond lattice geometry. We find a rich phase diagram, consisting of a double-charged monopole crystal, a single-charged monopole crystal and conventional spin-ice with pinch points associated with a Coulomb phase. In experimental demagnetised systems, broken symmetry forces formation of ferromagnetic stripes upon the surface, forbidding the lower energy double-charged monopole crystal. Instead, we observe crystallites of single magnetic charge, superimposed upon an ice background. The crystallites are found to form due to the distribution of magnetic charge around the 3D vertex, which locally favours monopole formation.
Covalent organic frameworks for CO2 capture: from laboratory curiosity to industry implementation
Authors: Li He , Dilipkumar Akhil , Abubakar Saifudin , Zhao Dan
Published: August 2023

Synergistic developments of covalent organic frameworks and engineering processes can expedite the qualitative leap for net-zero carbon emissions.
Optical detection of alcohols with a Cu(i)HETPHEN complex by reversible aldehyde to hemiacetal conversion
Authors: Wang Lei , Xie Zhu-Lin , Li Xin , Lynch Vincent M. , Mulfort Karen L.
Published: August 2023

A heteroleptic copper(i) bis(phenanthroline) complex with aldehyde groups at the 4,7 positions of the phenanthroline ligand.
Single crystals of cyclodimeric zinc(ii) complexes containing 9,10-bis((isoquinolin-5-yloxy)methyl)anthracene: reversible adsorption of target molecules and recognition of CH2I2 in an SCSC mode
Authors: Kim Gyeongwoo , Han Jihun , Kim Dongwon , Jung Ok-Sang
Published: August 2023

Discrete metallacyclodimers [ZnCl2L]2 were constructed. These crystals show template properties for studying molecule adsorption and exhibit reversible luminescence-based switching behavior.
High temperature switchable dielectric properties in molecular crystal material 1,4,7-triazacyclononane trihydrochloride
Authors: Hu Zheng-Hui , Gong Chen , Sun Shu-Qi , Liu Xin-Yu , Gao Ji-Xing
Published: August 2023

1,4,7-Triazacyclononane trihydrochloride is a molecular crystal material with dielectric switching properties with phase transition temperature as high as 380 K.
Bimolecular sinks of Criegee intermediates derived from hydrofluoroolefins – a computational analysis
Authors: Watson Nathan A. I. , Beames Joseph M.
Published: August 2023

When haloalkene refrigerants break down, this study shows that the resultant halogenated Criegee intermediates have an enhanced capacity to deplete many gaseous pollutants (e.g. HCHO & SO2) but also produce atmospheric contaminants (e.g. SO3 & TFA).
High-performance flower-like and biocompatible nickel-coated Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles decorated on a graphene electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Ye Li , Zhu Pengcheng , Wang Tianxing , Li Xiaolei , Zhuang Lin
Published: August 2023

The electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a crucial role in renewable clean energy conversion technologies and has developed into an important direction in the field of advanced energy, becoming the focus of basic research and industrial development.
A Cu@ZIF-8 encapsulated antibacterial and angiogenic microneedle array for promoting wound healing
Authors: Xiang Jieyu , Zhu Yufan , Xie Yuanlong , Chen Hang , Zhou Ling , Chen Danyang , Guo Jia , Wang Min , Cai Lin , Guo Liang
Published: August 2023

Skin wounds caused by external injuries remain a serious challenge in clinical practice.
Nanogels designed for cell-free nucleic acid sequestration
Authors: Huang Yuhang , Li Shangyu , Zettle Logan W. C. , Ma Yingshan , Naguib Hani E. , Kumacheva Eugenia
Published: August 2023

A cationic nanogel was designed for scavenging cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (cfDNA) from chronic wound exudate.
A water soluble fluorescent probe for selective and sensitive detection of picric acid – a nitroexplosive
Authors: Vadivel Porchezhiyan , Dayanidhi Kalaivani , Sheik Eusuff Noorjahan
Published: August 2023

Novel water soluble fluorescent probe for picric acid detection.
Main chain engineering of phenothiazine-based semiconducting copolymers for stable perovskite solar cells at 85 °C
Authors: Zhang Bing , Zhang Yuyan , Wei Yuefang , Li Tianyu , Zhang Jing , Yuan Yi , Wang Peng
Published: August 2023

A phenothiazine-based copolymer was synthesized via direct arylation polycondensation and used as a hole transporter for efficient and thermostable perovskite solar cells.
Validation of transparent and flexible neural implants for simultaneous electrophysiology, functional imaging, and optogenetics
Authors: Koschinski Lina , Lenyk Bohdan , Jung Marie , Lenzi Irene , Kampa Björn , Mayer Dirk , Offenhäusser Andreas , Musall Simon , Rincón Montes Viviana
Published: August 2023

We developed and compared transparent micro electrocorticography arrays (μECoGs) to combine electrophysiology and functional imaging. PEDOT:PSS-based μECoGs had the best trade-off of material and physical properties for chronic in vivo experiments.
A 3D-hierarchical flower like architecture of anion induced layered double hydroxides for competing anodic reactions
Authors: Krishankant  , Aashi  , Kaur Baljeet , Sharma Jatin , Bera Chandan , Bagchi Vivek
Published: August 2023

In this study, the partially sulfurized CoFeLDH was synthesized by using Na2S as the sulfur source. The catalyst performed excellently for UOR & OER requiring a lower overpotential of 171 and 268 mV at the current density of 40 mA cm−2, respectively, with the prolonged stability of more than 100 h.
Real-time GPS Tracking System for IoT-Enabled Connected Vehicles
Authors: Moumen Idriss , Rafalia Najat , Abouchabaka Jaafar , Aoufi Marouane
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a real-time GPS tracking solution for connected vehicle networks, leveraging IoT, V2X communication, and VANET technologies. The system uses Arduino Uno R3, SIM800L, NEO6M GPS, Node.js, socket, and Firebase for seamless real-time GPS data collection, storage, and visualization. Users can access and monitor GPS data on a web interface. Integration of Node.js and sockets ensures efficient hardware-software communication, while Firebase enables realtime data storage and synchronization for resource management and tracking. The paper explores the system’s applications in dynamic routing for energy efficiency, eco-driving feedback, smart charging stations, environmental data collection, intelligent traffic management, and fleet emissions reduction. These applications highlight the system’s versatility, promoting energy efficiency and sustainability across industries. By incorporating IoT, VANET, and V2X communication, the system enables seamless connectivity and data exchange among vehicles, infrastructure, and the cloud, enhancing decision-making and system efficiency. Insights into system implementation, including IoT, VANET, and real-time GPS integration, are provided. The paper discusses transportation, logistics, and vehicule tracking as potential application domains, which hold promise for optimizing energy consumption. The presented solution offers an efficient, reliable platform for real-time GPS tracking in connected vehicle networks, harnessing IoT, VANET, and V2X communication for enhanced decisionmaking and sustainable transportation systems.
L’impact de l’usage des TIC en éducation sur l’amélioration de l’apprentissage des élèves scolarisés, et les conséquences sur l’environnement
Authors: El Kartouti Salah Eddine , Juidette Sarah
Published: August 2023

L’éducation est un droit pour tous, garantir ce droit relève de la responsabilité de toutes les parties concernées. De même, les technologies de l’information et de la communication pour l’enseignement (TICE) sont désormais une pierre angulaire du secteur de l’éducation. En ce sens, face aux mutations et à la croissance du nombre des crises, le développement du système éducatif et l’utilisation des TICE pour améliorer la qualité des apprentissages des élèves a fait l’objet de plusieurs recherches. Pour cette fin, le but de cet article est d’examiner l’impact de l’intégration des TICE sur l’amélioration de l’apprentissages des élèves au Maroc, tout en prenant en compte les conséquences sur l’environnement résultant de cette intégration comme un aspect essentiel pour assurer tout développement durable. Pour cela, cette étude s’appuie sur une méthodologie rigoureuse, qui s’est traduit par une analyse statistique tout en utilisant des logiciels spécialisés dédie au traitement statistiques et un questionnaire destiné aux directeurs des établissements scolaires. Les résultats de cette étude ont montré l’importance d’intégrer les TICE pour améliorer l’apprentissage, cela est apparu à travers plusieurs aspects notamment en ce qui concerne les résultats des élèves, l’accès aux informations et l’acquisition des connaissances enseignées, et les effets sur l’environnement. Néanmoins cela n’empêche l’importance de promouvoir plus de mesure à savoir la mise à disposition des ressources technologiques aux écoles et la formation des enseignants, pour garantir la transition vers un enseignement numérique permettent de développer l’apprentissage ce qui retentit par la suite sur l’environnement.
Le facteur humain dans la durabilité écologique : le pouvoir du comportement humain pour parvenir à la transition écologique au Maroc
Authors: Boukaya Lamia , Saoud Sahar , Bahida Hicham
Published: August 2023

Le Maroc aborde des problématiques écologiques et il vise à promouvoir les énergies renouvelables, à améliorer la gestion de l’eau et à mettre en place des mesures de contrôle de la pollution. La transition écologique présente des défis économiques et sociaux, nécessitant un équilibre entre la protection de l’environnement et la croissance économique. Les communautés locales doivent être impliquées dans la planification afin de prendre en compte les impacts sociaux potentiels. La recherche menée dans une région spécifique a contribué à la compréhension de l’impact de la transition écologique sur la communauté. Le gouvernement marocain a lancé des programmes visant à améliorer l’efficacité de l’utilisation de l’eau, tels que l’irrigation goutte-à-goutte, la réutilisation des eaux usées et la construction de barrages pour stocker l’eau pendant les périodes de sécheresse. La pollution de l’air et de l’eau constitue également des préoccupations majeures pour le Maroc. N’hésitez pas à me demander si vous avez besoin de traduire d’autres parties de votre thèse ou si vous avez d’autres exigences spécifiques.
Le terme rhétorique entre concept et traduction
Authors: Laoukili Sanae , Marrakchi Chams-Eddoha
Published: August 2023

cet article vise à étudier les problèmes les plus importants auxquels est confronté le traducteur arabe en étudiant des termes rhétoriques étrangers lors de leur transfert de leur langue maternelle vers la langue d’accueil. La recherche en science de la terminologie demande une grande conscience des mécanismes de la traduction. De ce fait ,la traduction des termes critique et rhétoriques l’un des plus grands obstacles qui entravent le parcours des traducteurs. A cet égard ,vu la grande évolutions des termes de la rhétoriques et de la critique, il est urgent de préciser et contrôler les dits-termes .Notre travail se veut être une étude des différents obstacles qui entravent la tâche du traducteur arabe dans l’opération du transfert d’une langue a une autre . Nous essayerons de répondre aux questions suivantes : Comment se déroule le processus transfert littéraire du terme rhétorique ? quels sont lest outils dont doit user le traducteur arabe lors du transfert littéraire du terme rhétorique ?
L’impact des principales contraintes liées aux performances de la chaine logistique du secteur automobile sur les changements structurels dans la stratégie de la supply chain
Authors: Raissouni Rajaa , Hamiche M’hamed , Bourekkadi Salmane , Raissouni Kenza
Published: August 2023

L’effet de la crise économique mondiale a augmenté la pression sur les dirigeants de l’automobile pour qu’ils prennent les bonnes décisions concernant leur chaîne logistique afin d’améliorer leurs performances. Dans un environnement hautement compétitif et difficile comme celui d’aujourd’hui, où la chaîne logistique performante est un outil pour améliorer la compétitivité organisationnelle, une stratégie de chaîne logistique efficace et efficiente est indispensable pour les constructeurs automobiles et leurs fournisseurs de composants afin de répondre à l’évolution des demandes des consommateurs. Ce document jette de la lumière sur les changements structurels dans la chaîne logistique automobile, il explore les concepts de “lean” et d’’agilité” en tant que stratégies génériques de la chaîne logistique ainsi que les principales contraintes liées aux chaines logistiques automobiles et la performance de la supply chain pour conduire les entreprise du secteur à faire face à des problèmes allant de la mondialisation à l’incertitude économique, en passant par les nouvelles technologies et les exigences croissantes des consommateurs.
Les Enjeux de la Littérature Féminine au Maroc
Authors: Hmamouchi Saloua , Boumazzou Ibrahim
Published: August 2023

La diversité et la multitude de la production littéraire féminine au Maroc montrent clairement l’évolution de cette écriture partout dans le monde non seulement au Maghreb. Elle fait table rase aux traditions, et se lit comme une prise de conscience d’une spécificité de style, malgré qu’il reste des domaines encore inexplorés. Les enjeux de cette littérature représentent un champ de réflexion qui s’inspire de l’instruction d’une valeur littéraire marquée. Analyser ce thème dans divers articles permet de déceler quelques principaux enjeux de cette littérature : se placer au rang de la littérature d’avant-garde en plaçant la cause de la femme au coeur de leurs productions, se dire en s’écrivant à travers une langue qui s’est avérée plus libre et plus osée qu’écrire en arabe sans craindre le surmoi parental. Une littérature qui fait une place importante au désir aussi bien que l’expression de la souffrance.
Assessment of the radiation risk at flight altitudes for an extreme solar particle storm of 774 AD
Authors: Mishev Alexander , Panovska Sanja , Usoskin Ilya
Published: August 2023

Intense solar activity can lead to an acceleration of solar energetic particles and accordingly increase in the complex radiation field at commercial aviation flight altitudes. We considered here the strongest ever reported event, namely that of 774 AD registered on the basis of cosmogenic-isotope measurements, and computed the ambient dose at aviation altitude(s). Since the spectrum of solar protons during the 774 AD event cannot be directly obtained, as a first step, we derived the spectra of the solar protons during the ground level enhancement (GLE) #5 on 23 February 1956, the strongest event observed by direct measurements, which was subsequently scaled to the size of the 774 AD event and eventually used as input to the corresponding radiation model. The GLE #5 was considered a conservative approach because it revealed the hardest-ever derived energy spectrum. The global map of the ambient dose was computed under realistic data-based reconstruction of the geomagnetic field during the 774 AD epoch, based on paleomagnetic measurements. A realistic approach on the basis of a GLE #45 on 24 October 1989 was also considered, that is by scaling an event with softer spectra and lower particle fluxes compared to the GLE #5. The altitude dependence of the event-integrated dose at altitudes from 30 kft to 50 kft (9.1–15.2 km) was also computed for both scenarios. Our study of the radiation effects during the extreme event of 774 AD gives the necessary basis to be used as a reference to assess the worst-case scenario for a specific threat, that is radiation dose at flight altitudes.
The Relationship between a High Carbohydrate Diet and Oral Glucose
Tolerance Test in Pregnancy
Authors: Secen Elcin Islek , Desdicioglu Raziye , Ergun Gonca Turker , Usta Esin , Ozgu-Erdinc A. Seval
Published: August 2023

Objective The aim of this study is to examine the impact of carbohydrate
ratios in the diet consumed one day prior to the 75-g oral glucose screening
test on both the screening test values and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes
mellitus in the unselective pregnant population.

Material-Method 83 pregnant women who were under observation in the
antenatal clinic of our hospital and underwent glucose tolerance tests were
included in the study. The patients were given training by a dietitian to keep
nutrition records of the day prior to glucose loading during their previous
visits before any glucose loading. A carbohydrate intake of
40–60% was considered as the normal range in terms of the
percentage of carbohydrates in the diet. A carbohydrate percentage above
60% was considered to be a high carbohydrate intake. The carbohydrate
percentages in their diet over the past 24 hours was compared with the
effect on the glucose tolerance test.

Results Out of the 83 pregnant women included in the study, 40 of them had
a high carbohydrate diet (HCD) prior to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT),
and the average carbohydrate percentage of this diet was found to be
62%. The remaining 43 patients had an average carbohydrate percentage of
49% and belonged to the group that had a normal carbohydrate diet (NCD).
Out of the 83 pregnant women, 33 of them were at high risk for gestational
diabetes mellitus (GDM). In the high-risk patient group, 16 patients had an NCD
intake, while 17 patients had a HCD intake. It was determined that a high
carbohydrate diet had no significant effect on fasting, first-hour, and
second-hour glucose levels, as well as the diagnosis of gestational diabetes
mellitus (GDM), in both the unselective population and the high-risk patient
population.

Conclusion In our study, we concluded that the high carbohydrate ratios in
the diets of pregnant women one day prior did not affect the OGTT results or the
GDM ratios. This indicates that there is no need for a preparatory diet prior to
the OGTT in women with normal dietary habits.
Application of Jejunal Turnover and Bowel Plication Technique in Neonatal High Intestinal Atresia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhao Yu , Zhang Zhibo , Su Pengjun
Published: August 2023

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of jejunal turnover and bowel plication (JTBP) in high jejunal atresia of neonates.

Materials and Methods The clinical data of neonates that met the criteria were retrospectively analyzed from January 2012 to December 2021. The neonates were divided into the JTBP group and control group according to the surgical procedure. Demographics, postoperative morphology of the duodenum and proximal jejunum, intestinal recovery time, and complications were compared.

Results A total of 75 patients were allocated to the JTBP (n = 30) and control (n = 45) groups, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of gestational age, birth weight, age at surgery, the pathological classification, and concomitant disease. Upper gastrointestinal contrast study showed that the diameter of the proximal bowel of the anastomotic stoma was normal and the duodenum and proximal jejunum were in streamline shape in the JTBP group. While the duodenum was dilated, the shape of Trojan angle was classified into sharp angle and blunt round angle in the control group. The duration of total parenteral nutrition, postoperative oral feeding time, and oral feeding time of 40 mL/3 h were significantly different between the JTBP group and control group (sharp and blunt round type): 9.0 ± 3.5, 7.0 ± 2.1, and 11.0 ± 6.0 versus 16.9 ± 4.2, 14.0 ± 5.0, and 19.0 ± 7.4 versus 11.9 ± 8.3, 8.2 ± 3.9, and 15.8 ± 3.6 days (p < 0.05).

Conclusions JTBP for neonatal high jejunal atresia can significantly change the diameter of the proximal bowel and the course of duodenum jejunum flexure. Postoperative bowel movement was more in line with fluid dynamics, which was conducive to the recovery of the intestinal function and resulted in fewer complications.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Can Serve as a Functional Substitute for Grip Strength
Authors: Cantu Cade A. , Myhand Matthew , Hazime Alaa A. , Yedulla Nikhil R. , Day Charles S.
Published: August 2023

Background Grip strength has traditionally been seen as an objective measurement of hand function, while the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Upper Extremity (PROMIS UE) has emerged recently as a common patient-reported outcome metric for similar purposes. The primary objective of this study was to determine if a correlation exists between grip strength, PROMIS UE, and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) scores in hand and upper extremity clinic patients.

Methods PROMIS UE, Pain Interference (PI), and Depression (D), as well as QuickDASH were prospectively administered to patients from July 16 to September 3, 2020. A grip strength ratio (GSR), calculated by dividing the grip strength of the injured hand by that of the noninjured hand, was recorded for each individual to control for personal differences in grip strength. Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficients with the significance level at p < 0.05.

Results Fifty patients participated in this study. The median GSR was 0.55. QuickDASH demonstrated strong correlations with both PROMIS UE and PI (r(48) = –0.81, p < 0.05; r(48) = 0.86, p < 0.05). GSR correlated moderately with PROMIS UE (r(48) = 0.63, p < 0.05). Finally, GSR and QuickDASH also exhibited moderate correlation with each other (r(48) = –0.62, p < 0.05).

Conclusion PROMIS UE and QuickDASH are shown to correlate moderately with GSR. This suggests the PROMIS UE forms as an effective measure of hand/wrist function in hand clinic patients and may be substituted for grip strength measurements.
The dynamics of unsteady frictional slip pulses
Authors: Pomyalov Anna , Barras Fabian , Roch Thibault , Brener Efim A. , Bouchbinder Eran
Published: August 2023

Self-healing slip pulses are major spatiotemporal failure modes of frictional systems, featuring a characteristic sizeL(t)and a propagation velocitycp(t)(tis time). Here, we develop a theory of slip pulses in realistic rate- and state-dependent frictional systems. We show that slip pulses are intrinsically unsteady objects—in agreement with previous findings—yet their dynamical evolution is closely related to their unstable steady-state counterparts. In particular, we show that each point along the time-independentL(0)(τd)−cp(0)(τd)line, obtained from a family of steady-state pulse solutions parameterized by the driving shear stressτd, is unstable. Nevertheless, and remarkably, thecp(0)[L(0)]line is a dynamic attractor such that the unsteady dynamics of slip pulses (when they exist)—whether growing (L˙(t)>0) or decaying (L˙(t)<0)—reside on the steady-state line. The unsteady dynamics along the line are controlled by a single slow unstable mode. The slow dynamics of growing pulses, manifested byL˙(t)/cp(t)≪1, explain the existence of sustained pulses, i.e., pulses that propagate many times their characteristic size without appreciably changing their properties. Our theoretical picture of unsteady frictional slip pulses is quantitatively supported by large-scale, dynamic boundary-integral method simulations.
Individual variation and frequency change in Early Modern Spanish
Authors: Blas Arroyo José Luis
Published: August 2023

Based on a corpus of private correspondence written by twelve influential political and cultural figures in
eighteenth-century Spain, this article discusses several hypotheses about the role of individual variation in language change. The
study analyses five variables undergoing change in early modern Spanish and examines the idiolectal use of the traditional
variants. Several conclusions are drawn from the results. The first is that idiolectal patterns vary considerably from one
variable to another. Those variants that were clearly in the majority at the time or have undergone slower change processes are
more consistent with in-between profiles.

On the other hand, those variants that are more clearly declining or undergoing abrupt changes are represented by
more refractory patterns. Still, these profiles are not uniform, so a specific type of variation in one variant does not exclude
others. The results concerning the most decisive period in the configuration of the idiolectal distributions are less conclusive,
mainly due to the imbalances in the representativeness of the samples. However, among the variables better represented in the
corpus, the end of adolescence – set at 18 in this study – seems to be the most significant, in line with some well-known
hypotheses in the literature. Nevertheless, we have also detected a few cases of changes in adulthood. Finally, the data support
the dominance of stability in syntactic variation, suggesting that speakers change little once their idiolectal distributions have
been established. Even so, some longitudinal changes are found, albeit in a recurrent direction: the replacement of traditional
forms by alternative, more prestigious variants.
A multidimensional perspective on the acquisition of subject-verb dependencies by Haitian-Creole speaking children
Authors: Barrière Isabelle , Joseph Blandine , Aharodnik Katsiaryna , Kresh Sarah , Fleurio Guetjens Prince , Legendre Géraldine , Nazzi Thierry
Published: August 2023

The present multidimensional study investigates the acquisition of pronominal subject-verb dependencies in Standard Haitian Creole (HC). A corpus analysis confirms that HC subject pronouns are phonological clitics in the target grammar and that their reduction is optional and unpredictable. The comprehension and production of dependencies involving these subject pronouns in 20 preschoolers acquiring HC as their first language were investigated. While the production of third person singular and plural subject pronounsl(i)andy(o)reveals early mastery of adult constraints on their phonological reductions, the systematic assignments ofl(i)to singular subjects vs.y(o)to plural subjects of the verb in the syntactic dependency emerge later, in both production and comprehension. The few syntactic contexts in which HC-learning children show evidence of comprehension involve full forms, rather than phonological reductions. Possible factors that explain these findings include the relative unpredictability of their forms and the linguistic status of HC pronouns.
Detection and characterization of new genotypes of Myzus antirrhinii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Japan, with evidence for their production of sexual morphs
Authors: Shigehara T. , Komazaki S. , Takada H.
Published: August 2023

Two forms of Myzus persicae (Sulzer), F-15 and R306N′, resembling M. antirrhinii (Macchiati) in esterase profile have been found in Japan. To determine the genetic relationship of F-15 and R306N′ with M. antirrhinii, clonal lineages of F-15, R306N′ and those of 14 other forms of M. persicae collected in Japan were analysed for 17 polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci. Two microsatellite multi-locus (MS) genotypes of M. persicae and two MS genotypes, Ma3 and Ma4, of M. antirrhinii from Australia were used as references. The 16 Japanese forms were represented by different MS genotypes. F-15 and R306N′ had, respectively, 44.1% and 35.3% of their alleles at the 17 loci in common with Ma3 and Ma4, and some of the common alleles were peculiar in size. F-15 and R306N′ shared 22.6% and 29.6%, respectively, of their alleles with the other 16 MS genotypes of M. persicae. The corresponding values for Ma3 and Ma4 were both 27.4%. F-15 and R306N′ were grouped reliably with the two Australian MS genotypes of M. antirrhinii both by neighbour-joining method based on shared allele distance and by a Bayesian method with Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm. These results suggest that F-15 and R306N′ are genetically closely related to M. antirrhinii and isolated from the gene pool of M. persicae despite their ability to produce sexual morphs. It is therefore proposed that F-15 and R306N′ should be classified as M. antirrhinii.
Optimization of the Si3N4 coating formation through plasma spraying on Inconel 738
Authors: Najafizadeh Mojtaba , Ghasempour-Mouziraji Mehran , Shahrani Sajad , Bozorg Mansoor , Goulas Constantinos , Hosseinzadeh Morteza , Cavaliere Pasquale , Perrone Angelo , Perrone Serena
Published: August 2023

In the present study, the deposition of silicon nitride (Si3N4) coating on Inconel 738 through plasma spray has been investigated. For producing the Si3N4 coating, different times (6, 8 and 10 s), different distances of the plasma spray torch from the substrate (30, 35 and 40 mm) and different currents for plasma spraying (3000, 3250 and 3500 A) were employed. For the characterisation of the coatings, SEM (thickness), XRD, micro-hardness and adhesion of the samples were measured. The coatings’ surface morphology was investigated through SEM. Based on the experimental results, by using a spraying time of 10 s, a distance of the torch of 40 mm and a current of 3500 A, high microhardness and adhesion of the coatings are obtained. On the other hand, the thickness of the coating increased by reducing the distance and increasing spray time and current.
Traction performance modeling of worn footwear with perpendicular treads
Authors: Gupta Shubham , Chatterjee Subhodip , Malviya Ayush , Chanda Arnab
Published: August 2023

The traction performance of the footwear deteriorates due to outsole wear which further increases the risk of slip and fall related accidents. To date, several studies have tested footwear tractions across several slippery conditions but only a few studies have attempted to assess their performance considering worn shoes. In this work, nine outsoles, with systematically modified tread geometries, were investigated, to study the effects of tread patterns in new and worn conditions on traction, across common slippery conditions. The outsoles were progressively worn in three wear cycles. Outsoles with increased worn regions generated lower friction and higher fluid pressures, indicating increased slipping risks. Also, diversion of fluid flow due to large worn regions produced high fluid accumulations at other locations over the outsoles. The methods and results are anticipated to help footwear manufacturers with the strategic design of tread patterns that can provide improved friction even when completely worn.
Cooperative regulation of C1-domain membrane recruitment polarizes atypical protein kinase C
Authors: Jones Kimberly A. , Drummond Michael L. , Penkert Rhiannon R. , Prehoda Kenneth E.
Published: August 2023

Recruitment of the Par complex protein atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) to a specific membrane domain is a key step in the polarization of animal cells. While numerous proteins and phospholipids interact with aPKC, how these interactions cooperate to control its membrane recruitment has been unknown. Here, we identify aPKC’s C1 domain as a phospholipid interaction module that targets aPKC to the membrane of Drosophila neural stem cells (NSCs). The isolated C1 binds the NSC membrane in an unpolarized manner during interphase and mitosis and is uniquely sufficient among aPKC domains for targeting. Other domains, including the catalytic module and those that bind the upstream regulators Par-6 and Bazooka, restrict C1’s membrane targeting activity—spatially and temporally—to the apical NSC membrane during mitosis. Our results suggest that aPKC polarity results from cooperative activation of autoinhibited C1-mediated membrane binding activity.
Redshift Dependence of the Low-energy Spectral Index of Gamma-Ray Bursts Revisited
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Li , Huang Yong-Feng , Zou Ze-Cheng
Published: August 2023

A negative correlation was found to exist between the low-energy spectral index and the redshift of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by Amati et al. It was later confirmed by Geng & Huang and Gruber et al., but the correlation was also found to be quite dispersive when the sample size was significantly expanded. In this study, we have established two even larger samples of GRBs to further examine the correlation. One of our samples consists of 316 GRBs detected by the Swift satellite, and the other one consists of 80 GRBs detected by the Fermi satellite. It is found that there is no correlation between the two parameters for the Swift sample, but there does exist a weak negative correlation for the Fermi sample. The correlation becomes even more significant when the spectral index at the peak flux is considered. It is argued that the absence of the correlation in the Swift sample may be due to the fact that Swift has a very narrow energy response so that it could not measure the low-energy spectral index accurately enough. Further studies based on even larger GRB samples are solicited.
3D printing critical materials for rechargeable batteries: from materials, design and optimization strategies to applications
Authors: Mu Yongbiao , Chu Youqi , Pan Lyuming , Wu Buke , Zou Lingfeng , He Jiafeng , Han Meisheng , Zhao Tianshou , Zeng Lin
Published: August 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) printing, an additive manufacturing technique, is widely employed for the fabrication of various electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs), such as batteries and supercapacitors, ranging from nanoscale to macroscale. This technique offers excellent manufacturing flexibility, geometric designability, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. Recent studies have focused on the utilization of 3D-printed critical materials for EESDs, which have demonstrated remarkable electrochemical performances, including high energy densities and rate capabilities, attributed to improved ion/electron transport abilities and fast kinetics. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews summarizing and discussing the recent advancements in the structural design and application of 3D-printed critical materials for EESDs, particularly rechargeable batteries. In this review, we primarily concentrate on the current progress in 3D printing (3DP) critical materials for emerging batteries. We commence by outlining the key characteristics of major 3DP methods employed for fabricating EESDs, encompassing design principles, materials selection, and optimization strategies. Subsequently, we summarize the recent advancements in 3D-printed critical materials (anode, cathode, electrolyte, separator, and current collector) for secondary batteries, including conventional Li-ion (LIBs), Na-ion (SIBs), K-ion (KIBs) batteries, as well as Li/Na/K/Zn metal batteries, Zn-air batteries, and Ni–Fe batteries. Within these sections, we discuss the 3DP precursor, designprinciples of 3D structures, and working mechanisms of the electrodes. Finally, we address the major challenges and potential applications in the development of 3D-printed critical materials for rechargeable batteries.
A comprehensive study of InGaAs based linearly graded channel DL-TFET and its single event transient effect
Authors: Sharma Monika , Narang Rakhi , Saxena Manoj , Gupta Mridula
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the DC, RF and single-event transient effect studies are carried out for investigating the performance and reliability of hetero-junction InGaAs DL-TFET having linearly graded channel region. The mole-fraction of source side In1−xGaxAs is varied for obtaining the higher ION i.e. obtained at x = 0.40; this also impact the RF simulation studies by increasing the gain-bandwidth product range to 52.4 GHz. To reduce Iambipolar, a step junction is introduced for first time in the channel region at channel-drain interface which reduces the Iambipolar by 93.27% to the magnitude of 0.867 μA μm−1. Further reduction in ambipolarity is achieved at TG = 3.9 eV to the level of 0.269 fA μm−1, ION increases to 0.558 mA μm−1, sub-threshold swing is 23.8 mV/decade and shows highest cut-off frequency upto 155 GHz. Hence, the optimized device structure is investigated under the influence of single-event transient; therefore, the effect of heavy ion is investigated on optimized linearly graded structure for different LETs’ (Linear energy transfer). It shows increase in the drain current and charge collected with increase in LET. The maximum IDS is 0.618 mA μm−1 in OFF state, and IDS of 0.819 mA μm−1 in ON state at VDS = 1.0 V, which is higher than its ION at 10 MeV.cm2/mg (i.e. 0.11 pC μm−1). By simulating heavy ion single event effect on different positions, it is found that channel-drain interface is more sensitive to irradiation. This gives an insight for radiation hardened applications in space for TFET based circuit designs.
Study of ultra-low specific on-resistance and high breakdown voltage SOI LDMOS based on electron accumulation effect
Authors: Lyu Haitao , Dai Hongli , Wang Luoxin , Hu Hongchao , Xue Yuming , Qian Tu
Published: August 2023

A novel stepped L-shaped trench gate silicon-on-insulator (SOI) lateral double-diffused metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (LDMOS) with N-pillar (SLTGN-LDMOS) is proposed. SLTGN-LDMOS contains a highly doped N-pillar, assisting in reducing the specific on-resistance (R
on,sp). The stepped L-shaped trench gate (SLTG) attracts electrons to attach to the edge of the trench, thus directing more current to flow along the edge, which decreases R
on,sp effectively. Furthermore, new electric field peaks are generated on the surface of the drift region, thus increasing the breakdown voltage (BV). As a result, compared with the conventional structure (C-LDMOS), the BV of SLTGN-LDMOS increases from 63 V to 162.7 V, and the R
on,sp decreases from 1.85 mΩ·cm2 to 1.46 mΩ·cm2. Then, the figure of merit (FOM1, BV2 /R
on.sp) increases remarkably from 2.15 MW·cm−2 to 18.13 MW·cm−2. In addition, the maximum surface temperature of SLTGN-LDMOS is 395.3 K, slightly lower than the 398.7 K of C-LDMOS.
TranSyT, an innovative framework for identifying transport systems
Authors: Cunha Emanuel , Lagoa Davide , Faria José P , Liu Filipe , Henry Christopher S , Dias Oscar
Published: August 2023

Motivation

The importance and rate of development of genome-scale metabolic models have been growing for the last few years, increasing the demand for software solutions that automate several steps of this process. However, since TRIAGE’s release, software development for the automatic integration of transport reactions into models has stalled.

Results

Here, we present the Transport Systems Tracker (TranSyT). Unlike other transport systems annotation software, TranSyT does not rely on manual curation to expand its internal database, which is derived from highly curated records retrieved from the Transporters Classification Database and complemented with information from other data sources. TranSyT compiles information regarding transporter families and proteins, and derives reactions into its internal database, making it available for rapid annotation of complete genomes. All transport reactions have GPR associations and can be exported with identifiers from four different metabolite databases. TranSyT is currently available as a plugin for merlin v4.0 and an app for KBase.

Availability and implementation

TranSyT web service: https://transyt.bio.di.uminho.pt/; GitHub for the tool: https://github.com/BioSystemsUM/transyt; GitHub with examples and instructions to run TranSyT: https://github.com/ecunha1996/transyt_paper.
Domestication shapes the endophytic microbiome and metabolome ofSalicornia europaea
Authors: Ferreira Maria J , Sierra-Garcia I Natalia , Louvado António , Gomes Newton C M , Figueiredo Sandro , Patinha Carla , Pinto Diana C G A , Cremades Javier , Silva Helena , Cunha Ângela
Published: August 2023

Aims

We aim at understanding the effect of domestication on the endophytic microbiome and metabolome of Salicornia europaea and collecting evidence on the potential role of microbial populations and metabolites in the adaptation of plants to different ecological contexts (wild vs crops).

Methods and results

Samples were collected from a natural salt marsh (wild) and an intensive crop field (crop). High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) were used to analyze the endophytic bacterial communities and the metabolite profiles of S. europaea roots, respectively. The elemental analysis of the plant shoots was performed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS).

Overall, significant differences were found between the microbiome of wild and cultivated plants. The later showed a higher relative abundance of the genera Erythrobacter, Rhodomicrobium, and Ilumatobacter than wild plants. The microbiome of wild plants was enriched in Marinobacter, Marixanthomonas, and Thalassospira. The metabolite profile of crop plants revealed higher amounts of saturated and non-saturated fatty acids and acylglycerols. In contrast, wild plants contained comparatively more carbohydrates and most macroelements (i.e. Na, K, Mg, and Ca).

Conclusions

There is a strong correlation between plant metabolites and the endosphere microbiome of S. europaea. In wild populations, plants were enriched in carbohydrates and the associated bacterial community was enriched in genes related to primary metabolic pathways such as nitrogen metabolism and carbon fixation. The endosphere microbiome of crop plants was predicted to have higher gene counts related to pathogenesis. Crop plants also exhibited higher amounts of azelaic acid, an indicator of exposure to phytopathogens.