bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transient DynamicWeather Isolines Generated via IoT Temperature and Relative Humidity Analysis Using the NodeMCU ESP8266 in Bogotá
Authors: Ladino-Moreno Edgar Orlando , García César Augusto , Zamudio-Huertas Eduardo
Published: March 2023

Context: This article presents the real-time estimation of temperature (°C) and relative humidity ( %) (interval of 16 seconds) for the city of Bogota DC via the Internet of Things (IoT).
Method: This prototype is based on the Arduino ESP8266 NodeMCU module and the DHT11 sensor, as well as on a server-client HTPP communication protocol viaWi-Fi, with remote access to information. 16 sensors were installed in Bogota DC. These sensors send the observed data to the MATLAB storage cloud (ThingSpeak) via theWi-Fi module and can be downloaded in real-time. The temperature (°C) and relative humidity ( %) values were calibrated based on measurements made by the TTH002-certified digital thermo-hygrometer.
Results: Based on the average temperature and relative humidity obtained, two maps were elaborated by implementing QGis: one with the isotherms and another one with isohumes. The inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation algorithm was used.
Conclusions: The use of monitoring devices based on the IoT significantly contributes to automating meteorological data and structuring and utilizing robust databases in the field of Civil Engineering. Thus, the real-time transmission of temperature and relative humidity data allows for the online analysis of variables. Finally, the term adaptive dynamic cartography is proposed, which is associated with the generation of maps via the IoT, through which changes in the observed variables are displayed in real time, which allows monitoring the variables making adjustments based on an interpolation algorithm, as well as automatically and instantaneously generating isolines, which significantly reduces the uncertainty implied by the spatial-temporal resolution of current cartography.
A typology of secondary research in Applied Linguistics
Authors: Chong Sin Wang , Plonsky Luke
Published: March 2023

Secondary research is burgeoning in the field of Applied Linguistics, taking the form of both narrative literature review and especially more systematic research synthesis. Clearly purposed and methodologically sound secondary research contributes to the field because it provides useful and reliable summaries in a given domain, facilitates research dialogues between sub-fields, and reduces redundancies in the published literature. It is important to understand that secondary research is an umbrella term that includes numerous types of literature review. In this commentary, we present a typology of 13 types of well-established and emergent types of secondary research in Applied Linguistics. Employing a four-dimensional analytical framework, focus, review process, structure, and representation of text of the 13 types of secondary research are discussed, supported by examples. This article ends with recommendations for conducting secondary research and calls for further inquiry into field-specific methodology of secondary research.
Nondestructive microstructural characterization of austempered ductile iron
Authors: Tuzun Mert Yagiz , Yalcin Mustafa Alp , Davut Kemal , Kilicli Volkan
Published: March 2023

Austempered ductile iron (ADI) has been preferred in a wide range of applications due its unique combination of high strength, good ductility, wear resistance and fracture toughness together with lower cost and lower density compared to steels. Magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) measurement offers a better alternative to traditional characterization techniques by being fast and non-destructive. A simple linear regression using only one single independent variable cannot correlate the MBN with the microstructure of ADI, since its microstructure is multi-component. Multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) was used to build a model that uses the characteristic features of microstructural constituents as input parameters to predict the MBN. For that purpose, Cu-Ni-Mo alloyed ductile iron samples austempered between 325 and 400 °C and for 45–180 min duration were used. The results show that MBN is most sensitive to the size and shape of acicular ferrite and retained austenite. Moreover, MBN is almost insensitive to the size, morphology and volume fraction of graphite particles. This indicates that retained austenite pins the domain walls more effectively than the graphite particles. Considering the results MLRA, MBN technique can be used to characterize the ausferritic microstructure of ADI.
Effects of deep cryogenic treatment with different holding times on the mechanical properties of Al 7050-T7451 alloy friction stir welding
Authors: Özbek Onur
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to improve mechanical properties, which decreased in the weld area, with deep cryogenic treatment at different holding times. In the study, firstly, the formation of heat damaging the welding area was observed. The temperatures in the welding zone were measured on the shoulder with a thermal camera, on the material surface, and inside the material with a thermocouple. The effects of these temperatures during welding on the surface topography and mechanical properties were investigated. The effect of tempering heat treatment after deep cryogenic treatment applied for 6, 12, 18, and 24 h was investigated. It has been observed that tempering after cryogenic treatment applied to 7xxx series aluminum alloys reduces the hardness of the nugget zone but increases the hardness in the heat unaffected zone. In addition, it was observed that deep cryogenic treatment applied at different holding times positively affected the hardness, tensile strength, and % elongation in the weld area.
Comparison of notch fabrication methods on the impact strength of FDM-3D-printed PLA specimens
Authors: Eryildiz Meltem
Published: March 2023

In this study, the effect of the notch fabrication method (printing the notch on the part, and machining the notch) on the impact results of 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) was investigated. Sensitivity to build orientation was also noted in both test situations. The impact test specimens were printed using an FDM-based printer with or without a notch at various build and print orientations. Un-notched specimens were then machined to create notches. To simulate the impact effects, Ansys software was employed to create a finite element model, and the results of the finite element analysis were consistent with the experimental results. According to the findings, the impact strength of the specimens with 3D-printed notches increased by 11–38% compared to specimens whose notch was machined after the rectangular bars were 3D printed. In addition, it has been observed that the build and print orientations affect the impact strength.
Taper connection strength of revision heads with adapter sleeves compared to standard heads made of ceramics
Authors: Vogel Danny , Hembus Jessica , Bader Rainer
Published: March 2023

Revision ceramic heads with titanium adapter sleeves are used in case of a femoral head revision in total hip arthroplasty to avoid ceramic fracture due to damaged tapers. Objective of the present study was to evaluate the taper connection strength of revision ceramic heads. Therefore, revision ceramic heads (Ø36 mm; adapter sleeve S) and standard ceramic heads (Ø36 mm; neck length S) were assembled with an axial load (2 kN) to titanium tapers with various damage modes (undamaged, truncated, and elevated). Subsequently, the heads were either pulled-off directly after assembly or after dynamic loading over 2.5 million cycles (sinusoidal 0.3 kN–3.0 kN). Pull-off forces of the revision heads (1.24 kN–1.66 kN) were up to 43.7% higher compared to standard heads (1.02 kN–1.48 kN) in dependency of the taper damage. After dynamic loading, the pull-off forces did not change in case of standard heads. The pull-off forces of the revision heads decreased in combination with the undamaged and truncated tapers but increased in combination with the elevated tapers. In conclusion, revision heads with adapter sleeves (size S) showed higher taper connection strength than standard heads both on undamaged and damaged tapers.
Shear strain rate sensitivity and crystallisation kinetics investigation in melt spun Cu64Zr36 binary metallic glass
Authors: Yipyintum Chetarpa , Suh Jin-Yoo , Lohwongwatana Boonrat
Published: March 2023

Shear strain rate effect on crystallisation behaviour and characteristic temperatures of the three well-known glass formers in Cu–Zr binary amorphous system, namely Cu50Zr50, Cu56Zr44 and Cu64Zr36, were investigated. The crystallisation behaviour of Cu64Zr36 was uniquely found to be heavily dependent on shear strain rate. Crystallisation kinetics were studied through Isochronal transformation and isothermal transformation. The activation energy of crystallisation of each case was compared and contrasted. Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) analyses were also employed to study its kinetics behaviour. Finally, high angle annular dark field (HAADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combined with laser-assisted local electrode atom probe (LEAP) investigation revealed no detectable clustering or phase separation.
Terahertz nanofuse by a single nanowire-combined nanoantenna
Authors: Choi Geunchang , Roh Yeeun , Seo Minah
Published: March 2023

We propose a terahertz nanofuse through irreversible modulations in transmitted terahertz using nanowires-combined nanoantenna structures. Semiconductor and metal nanowires show irreversible reconfiguration in their geometry at an incident field of 20 kV/cm. The concept can be explained by terahertz-field-induced ionization or electromigration. A strongly localized field due to geometrical conditions causes a floated metal nanowire from one side of a metal nanoantenna to touch the opposite side, bridging two separate metal plates and creating a junction. For the bridged nanoantenna, the highly enhanced field induced the breaking of the connection across the metal sides of a nanoantenna. In the bridging and breaking cases, permanent transformation occurs in opposite structural forms. It encompasses a potential application as an optical fuse to protect sensitive terahertz devices under excessive field focus.
Sensitivity enhanced tunable plasmonic biosensor using two-dimensional twisted bilayer graphene superlattice
Authors: Du Fusheng , Zheng Kai , Zeng Shuwen , Yuan Yufeng
Published: March 2023

This study theoretically demonstrated an insight for designing a novel tunable plasmonic biosensor, which was created by simply stacking a twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) superlattice onto a plasmonic gold thin film. To achieve ultrasensitive biosensing, the plasmonic biosensor was modulated by Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift. Interestingly, our proposed biosensor exhibited tunable biosensing ability, largely depending on the twisted angle. When the relative twisted angle was optimized to be 55.3°, such a configuration: 44 nm Au film/1-TBG superlattice could produce an ultralow reflectivity of 2.2038 × 10−9 and ultra-large GH shift of 4.4785 × 104 µm. For a small refractive index (RI) increment of 0.0012 RIU (refractive index unit) in sensing interface, the optimal configuration could offer an ultra-high GH shift detection sensitivity of 3.9570 × 107 µm/RIU. More importantly, the optimal plasmonic configuration demonstrated a theoretical possibility of quantitatively monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and human hemoglobin. Considering an extremely small RI change as little as 3 × 10−7 RIU, a good linear response between detection concentration of SARS-CoV-2 and changes in differential GH shift was studied. For SARS-CoV-2, a linear detection interval was obtained from 0 to 2 nM. For human hemoglobin, a linear detection range was achieved from 0 to 0.002 g/L. Our work will be important to develop novel TBG-enhanced biosensors for quantitatively detecting microorganisms and biomolecules in biomedical application.
Realization of optimization design of electromechanical integration PLC program system based on 3D model
Authors: Zhang Lili , Zhang Chuanbao , Wang Peng , Shabaz Mohammad , M. G. Skanda , C. Vijayalakshmi , Kishore Kakarla Hari
Published: March 2023

A three-dimensional simulation model of the electromechanical control system was built using the fuzzy control proportional–integral–derivative (PID) adjustment algorithm after an automatic electromechanical control system based on programmable logic controller (PLC) technology was optimized to achieve the practical use of electromechanical program control. First, the hardware of the electromechanical control system is discussed and designed. The findings demonstrate the viability of the mechanical and electrical integration PLC program optimization solution based on three-dimensional (3D) model. The system has a higher control and management efficiency, which is 30% greater than that of the conventional system. The mechatronic manufacturing system’s continuous operation efficiency enhancement can significantly lower the investment costs and boost the financial gains of industrial organizations. Traditional systems have a control and management efficiency of around 30%, but automatic electromechanical control systems based on PLC technology and created using 3D models have a control and management efficiency between 60 and 70%.
Modification of natural pigskin collagen via cryogrinding: a focused study on its physiochemical properties
Authors: Xu Yuling , Liu Jialin , Dai Lei , Wang Haibo , He Lang , Xu Chengzhi , Wei Benmei , Zhang Juntao , Kou Huizhi
Published: March 2023

Natural pigskin was subjected to cryogrinding before extraction, and effects of the approach on extraction rate, structure, and properties of collagen were prospected systematically. It was found that the extraction rate multiplied gradually from 22% to 40% with an extended grinding duration from 0 to 20 min. Compared with natural collagen, the ground one soared by about 80% concerning the net yield. Electrophoresis revealed the stereo structures of the extracted collagen were not destroyed when ground, while a small amount of it degraded accordingly, whose conclusion was further corroborated by circular dichroism (CD) and infrared spectrometry. Results from contact angle (CA) test clarified that the hydrophilicity of collagen enhanced with prolonged grinding. Moreover, analysis of fibrillogenesis behavior verified that, after grinding, the assembly rate for collagen in the turbidity assay dented with a lengthened equilibrium time; finer fibril network with larger pore size and weakened elasticity was later observed. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) analysis manifested that ground collagen was more conducive to cell proliferation. This polymer processing approach not only provides us with a facile approach to manipulate capacities of collagen but also sheds light on other potential substances beneath the same principle.
Atomic Atlantis: Ethnography of Settled Villages
Authors: Saveleva Tatyana V. , Danilenko Natalia B.
Published: March 2023

In 1957 there occurred a technological disaster in the Southern Urals in the form of a nuclear accident at the Mayak chemical plant in Ozersk, Soviet Union. The accident led to the resettlement of two historical centres of the first wave of the Russian colonization of the region, as the villages along the Techa river were declared restricted areas during the cleaning of the radiation trail, and their residents were resettled. As a result, the original culture of the villages was lost. The inspiration for our research is Alexey Mityunin, a local historian, enthusiast, and public activist, who collected a martyrology of the disappeared Ural villages. This paper presents the results of field expeditions to Brodokalmak carried out in 2014–2017 by students of the Miass Branch of Chelyabinsk State University, Russia. Brodokalmak is the village where the people resettled from contaminated lands Zamanikha, Boevka, and Muslyumovo live or lived.
Breaking the Carbon Lock-In Effect in Post-disaster Rebuilding: A Case Study of a Wenchuan Earthquake-Stricken City in China
Authors: Jiang Wei
Published: March 2023

While post-disaster rebuilding is an urgent task for affected areas, an approach without consideration for climate protection will probably lead to another disaster of carbon lock-in. Therefore, policymaking and implementation are critically important. This paper takes the Guangyuan prefecture as a case study, where the local government took the lead in low-carbon initiative and made a great contribution to low-carbon development. Based on long-term field investigations and semi-structured interviews, using the theory of multi-level governance, it discusses policy formation and implementation in the Guangyuan prefecture, and how the governance system promoted an environment-and-climate-friendly rebuilding. The results demonstrate the urgency of carbon decoupling in post-disaster-rebuilding and the significance of an effective governance system. This provides insight to the contemporary world that post-disaster rebuilding is not only a revitalization of the affected areas, but a comprehensive undertaking to avoid other possible disasters and ensure a sustainable future.
Local Reflections on the Chernobyl Disaster 35 Years Later: Peripheral Narratives from Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, and Bulgaria
Authors: Erolova Yelis , Tsyryapkina Yulia
Published: March 2023

On 26 April 1986, the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Soviet Ukraine led to a massive disaster, the consequences of which affected millions of people in northern and eastern Europe. Today, 35 years later, we recall it not only as one of the greatest catastrophes in the history of nuclear power but also as one of the main political preconditions or factors that led to the end of the USSR. This paper presents the initial stage of a comparative study on the memories of this disastrous event among Ukrainians, Belarusians, Russians, and Bulgarians living on the periphery of the affected zone. The aim is to trace diverse aspects of public reflection in connection with people’s awareness and the degree to which they were affected, the reactions to the disaster, its effects and consequences, the preparedness of the population, and the latter’s assessment of post-disaster management.
Integration of a transonic high-pressure turbine with a rotating detonation combustor and a diffuser
Authors: Liu Zhe , Braun James , Paniagua Guillermo
Published: March 2023

In this paper, a diffuser is used to integrate a transonic high-pressure turbine with a rotating detonation combustor (RDC). The paper focuses on the required design modifications to the turbine endwalls (EW) to enable high efficiency, while preserving the airfoil blade-to-blade geometry. The main challenge is the stator passage unstarting, due to the high inlet Mach number. First of all, steady Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes simulations were performed to compare the efficiency of turbines with constant-radius EWs to turbines with axisymmetric EWs. A modified EW design prevented the unstarting of the stator passage, enabling a significant gain in performance. Afterward, the influence on the turbine efficiency and damping due to the unsteadiness from the diffuser-like fluctuations of the RDC was evaluated with unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes simulations with a mixing plane approach (MPA). Full unsteady simulations were carried out on selected inlet conditions and compared to the mixing plane results. This parametric study provides turbine designers with recommended diffusion rates along the vane EWs. Additionally, we provide guidance on the upstream diffuser design, specifically the required damping and outlet Mach number.
The Genetic Architectures of Functional and Structural Connectivity Properties within Cerebral Resting-State Networks
Authors: Tissink Elleke , Werme Josefin , de Lange Siemon C. , Savage Jeanne E. , Wei Yongbin , de Leeuw Christiaan A. , Nagel Mats , Posthuma Danielle , van den Heuvel Martijn P.
Published: March 2023

Functional connectivity within resting-state networks (RSN-FC) is vital for cognitive functioning. RSN-FC is heritable and partially translates to the anatomic architecture of white matter, but the genetic component of structural connections of RSNs (RSN-SC) and their potential genetic overlap with RSN-FC remain unknown. Here, we perform genome-wide association studies (Ndiscovery= 24,336;Nreplication= 3412) and annotation on RSN-SC and RSN-FC. We identify genes for visual network-SC that are involved in axon guidance and synaptic functioning. Genetic variation in RSN-FC impacts biological processes relevant to brain disorders that previously were only phenotypically associated with RSN-FC alterations. Correlations of the genetic components of RSNs are mostly observed within the functional domain, whereas less overlap is observed within the structural domain and between the functional and structural domains. This study advances the understanding of the complex functional organization of the brain and its structural underpinnings from a genetics viewpoint.
Baby Mine
Authors: Gates Racquel
Published: March 2023

In this essay, Racquel Gates revisits the 1941 Disney classic Dumbo via a speculative reading of the black reverberations that run throughout the animated film. Situating her analysis in the act of viewing the film with her sons during the 2020 George Floyd protests, Gates uses her personal experience to reframe the film with a new emphasis on Dumbo’s black resonance, specifically highlighting some of the film’s undertheorized historical and performative elements. While taking into account Dumbo’s uncomfortable incorporation of minstrelsy and Disney’s larger problems of racial representation, Gates pushes for a complex reading of the film that situates blackness at the core of its affective connection.
Between Sound and Image
Authors: Napolin Julie Beth
Published: March 2023

In 1929, the “Empress of the Blues” Bessie Smith made her only known film appearance in a short, two-reel film by Dudley Murphy, St. Louis Blues, titled after the W.C. Handy song that Smith had made famous. One prefiguration of the music video medium, it was the first film to be made to a preexisting song. Sixty years later, the song moves into a third instantiation when Isaac Julien returns to a fragment of Smith’s film performance in his dreamy Looking for Langston. It situates Smith in the context of Black queer literary voicings and media history more generally, thus assuring a primary place for Smith in the history and theory of film. Taken together, these films acousmatic voices provide the material for an aesthetic theory of Black queer film as an ongoing, questioning encounter between sound and image, one where the otherworldly takes precedence over realism.
Wake Work
Authors: Price Yasmina
Published: March 2023

This essay reads Mati Diop’s short film Atlantiques (2009) and feature Atlantique (2019) as a twinned pair of cinematic reckonings with the restless spectrality of the colonial past and the tangled urgencies of the capitalist present. The experimental short and narrative feature mobilize mourning and dreaming to address exploitative geographies, haunted waters, and the gendered inequities produced by global circuits of labor. Summoning spectral antagonisms of colonialism and its capitalist mutations, Diop’s two films mobilize their narrative and expressive force to enact the wake work of remembrance. Taken together as “Atlantique(s)” the spectral poetics of both films propose a global, fluid black aesthetics capable of negotiating overlapping and vexed temporalities. Atlantique(s) summon a phantasmic visual and sonic lyricism to give visual shape to the borderless chronotropes of colonization’s afterlives with a promise of vengeance.
STRUCTURAL, MORPHOLOGICAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF ANNEALED Cu2ZnSnS4 THIN FILMS USING THE FIRST DERIVATIVE OF TGA CURVE FOR SOLAR CELL APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University, P. O. Box 170, Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia, ALMOHAMMEDI A. , ASHOUR A. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University, P. O. Box 170, Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia, SHAABAN E. R. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al–Azhar University, Assuit, 71542, Egypt
Published: March 2023

Structural, morphological and optical properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films as a function of annealing temperature in terms of the first derivative of TGA curve on glass substrates by thermal evaporation method. The thicknesses of the films were about 900 nm. Their structure and composition are studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectrum and optical absorbance measurements. All the films exhibited kesterite structure with preferential orientation along the (112) direction. The variations of the Microstructural parameters, such as crystallite size and lattice strain with annealing temperature were studied. The results show the crystallite sizes increase but the lattice strains decrease with increasing annealing temperature. SEM of the CZTS thin film annealed at 500 °C exhibited large agglomeration of crystallites size. The energy gap was calculated using the first derivative of absorbance spectra that decreases with increasing annealing temperature. The results confirm that the CZTS thin film annealed at 500 °C exhibited large agglomeration of grains and ideal band gap (Eg = 1.28 eV) for absorbing layer of solar cell.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PREPARED ZnO/ POLYSTYRENE NANOCOMPOSITES: STRUCTURE, MECHANICAL AND OPTICAL
Authors:   Petrochemical Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt, AHMED S. M. , DARWISH A. A. A. ,   Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia, EL-SABAGH E. A. ,   Physical Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt., MANSOUR N. A. ,   Petrochemical Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt, ABULYAZIED D. E. ,   Petrochemical Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt, ALI E. S. ,   Petrochemical Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Published: March 2023

Nanocomposites of polystyrene nano sphere (PS) with different loading of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) were prepared by two different methods, blend and in situ method. The prepared films of the synthesized nanocomposites materials were characterized by energy dispersive investigation (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the morphology of ZnO/PS nanocomposite were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Phase composition and microstructure analysis shows that ZnO nanoparticles content has an influence on the crystal structure and morphology of ZnO/PS nanocomposite. The effect of ZnO nanoparticles on linear optical properties was studied in the PS lattice. The obtained results indicate that, the refractive index has been increased while the energy gap decreased with increasing ZnO nanoparticles contents. The improving of mechanical properties of ZnO/PS nanocomposite is verified due to the addition of ZnO nanoparticles.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SUBLIMATED TERNARY COMPOUND CdZnS THIN FILMS
Authors:   Department of Physics, Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU), IslamabadPAKISTAN, AKBAR N. , MAHMOOD W. ,   Material Synthesis & Characterizations (MSC) Laboratory, Department of Physics, NASIR M. F. ,   Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Islamabad-PAKISTAN, ILYAS S. Z. ,   Department of Physics, Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU), IslamabadPAKISTAN, SHAH N. A. ,   Thin Films Technology (TFT) Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI) Islamabad-PAKISTAN
Published: March 2023

Mechanically mixed Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) powder with Zinc (Zn) (99.9% purity) was used as a source material to sublimate a ternary compound of Cadmium Zinc Sulphide (CdZnS) by using Closed Space Sublimation (CSS) under high vacuum. Annealing was carried out under optimized temperature and time for better diffusion of Zn into CdS. Xray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that (002) was preferred orientation with hexagonal phase after annealing. Crystallite size of prepared films increased from 17 to 89 nm after annealing at higher temperatures. The surface morphology of the films was changed and the average composition of elements was confirmed by energy dispersive X-rays (EDX). The optical band gap energy increased from 2.42 eV and 2.45 eV after annealing. Electrically, the variation in mobility and increase in carrier concentration was due to the decrease of the grain boundary region. There was also variation in activation energy which confirmed the improvement in structure.
ADVANCED ORGANIC ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR RECHARGEABLE SODIUM-ION BATTERIES
Authors:   Department of chemistry, PSC & KVSC Government College, NANDYAL-518 501, India, BALARAJU M. , SHIVA REDDY B. V. ,   Dept. of Physics, GITAM Deemed to be University, Bangalore-562163, Karnataka, India, BABU T. A. ,   Dept. of Physics, GITAM Deemed to be University, Bangalore-562163, Karnataka, India, BABU NAIDU K. C. ,   Dept. of Physics, GITAM Deemed to be University, Bangalore-562163, Karnataka, India, KRISHNA PRASAD N. V. ,   Dept. of Physics, GITAM Deemed to be University, Bangalore-562163, Karnataka, India
Published: March 2023

The organic electrodes have more advantages over inorganic electrodes in the sodium ion batteries (SIBs). There are different types of organic electrodes with different implications in battery developments. The anthraquione, thiondigo, tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone, Perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide and etc. are the most common organic materials for the electrodes. The sulferization and the carbonization of the MOFs are being done in order to improve the charging rate of the sodium ion batteries. The nonflame organic electrodes were designed and tested with the fire extinguishing test. The organic electrodes are eco-friendly and thus developed the green technology in sodium ion batteries.
Interferon‐induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) limits lethality of SARS‐CoV‐2 in mice
Authors: Kenney Adam D , Zani Ashley , Kawahara Jeffrey , Eddy Adrian C , Wang Xiao‐Liang , Mahesh KC , Lu Mijia , Thomas Jeronay , Kohlmeier Jacob E , Suthar Mehul S , Hemann Emily A , Li Jianrong , Peeples Mark E , Hall‐Stoodley Luanne , Forero Adriana , Cai Chuanxi , Ma Jianjie , Yount Jacob S
Published: March 2023

Interferon‐induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) is an antiviral protein that alters cell membranes to block fusion of viruses. Conflicting reports identified opposing effects of IFITM3 on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection of cells, and its impact on viral pathogenesis in vivo remains unclear. Here, we show that IFITM3 knockout (KO) mice infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 experience extreme weight loss and lethality compared to mild infection in wild‐type (WT) mice. KO mice have higher lung viral titers and increases in inflammatory cytokine levels, immune cell infiltration, and histopathology. Mechanistically, we observe disseminated viral antigen staining throughout the lung and pulmonary vasculature in KO mice, as well as increased heart infection, indicating that IFITM3 constrains dissemination of SARS‐CoV‐2. Global transcriptomic analysis of infected lungs shows upregulation of gene signatures associated with interferons, inflammation, and angiogenesis in KO versus WT animals, highlighting changes in lung gene expression programs that precede severe lung pathology and fatality. Our results establish IFITM3 KO mice as a new animal model for studying severe SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and overall demonstrate that IFITM3 is protective in SARS‐CoV‐2 infections in vivo.
Neurocognitive and behavioral development in young children (1–7 years) with sex chromosome trisomy
Authors: van Rijn Sophie , Kuiper Kimberly , Bouw Nienke , Urbanus Evelien , Swaab Hanna
Published: March 2023

Investigating sex chromosome trisomies (SCTs) may help in understanding neurodevelopmental pathways underlying the risk for neurobehavioral problems and psychopathology. Knowledge about the neurobehavioral phenotype is needed to improve clinical care and early intervention for children with SCT. This is especially relevant considering the increasing number of early diagnosed children with the recent introduction of noninvasive prenatal screening. The TRIXY Early Childhood Study is a longitudinal study designed to identify early neurodevelopmental risks in children with SCT, aged 1–7 years. This review summarizes the results from the TRIXY Early Childhood Study, focusing on early behavioral symptoms in areas of autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and communication disorders, and underlying neurocognitive mechanisms in domains of language, emotion regulation, executive functioning, and social cognition. Behavioral symptoms were assessed through structured behavior observation and parental questionnaires. Neurocognition was measured using performance tests, eyetracking, and psychophysiological measures of arousal. In total, 209 children aged 1–7 years were included: 107 children with SCT (33 XXX, 50 XXY, and 24 XYY) and 102 age-matched population controls. Study outcomes showed early behavioral symptoms in young children with SCT, and neurocognitive vulnerabilities, already from an early age onward. Neurobehavioral and neurocognitive difficulties tended to become more pronounced with increasing age and were rather robust, independent of specific karyotype, pre/postnatal diagnosis, or ascertainment strategy. A more longitudinal perspective on neurodevelopmental ‘at-risk’ pathways is warranted, also including studies assessing the effectiveness of targeted early interventions. Neurocognitive markers that signal differences in neurodevelopment may prove to be helpful in this. Focusing on early development of language, social cognition, emotion regulation, and executive functioning may help in uncovering early essential mechanisms of (later) neurobehavioral outcome, allowing for more targeted support and early intervention.
Visfatin increases the invasive potential of ovarian granulosa tumor spheroids by reprogramming glucose metabolism
Authors: Gogola-Mruk Justyna , Marynowicz Weronika , Krawczyk Kinga , Ptak Anna
Published: March 2023

In brief

The role of visfatin in ovarian granulosa cell tumor (GCT) invasion and glucose metabolism reprogramming is largely unexplored. These studies imply that visfatin or its inhibitor is involved in regulating ovarian granuloma invasion by reprogramming glucose metabolism and may be a potential candidate for the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian GCT.

Visfatin is an adipokine with nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) activity, the concentration of which is higher in ascitic fluid than in serum, and is associated with ovarian cancer peritoneal dissemination. Potentially important effects of visfatin on glucose metabolism have been previously reported. However, the mechanism underlying the effects of visfatin on ovarian cancer cell invasion, and whether this involves altered glucose metabolism, has not been elucidated. Here, we tested the hypothesis that visfatin, which can reprogram cancer metabolism, promotes invasion by ovarian cancer spheroids. Visfatin increased glucose transporter (GLUT)1 expression and glucose uptake in adult granulosa cell tumor-derived spheroid cells (KGN) and also increased the activities of hexokinase 2 and lactate dehydrogenase. We showed a visfatin-induced increase in glycolysis in KGN cells. Moreover, visfatin increased the potential invasiveness of KGN spheroid cells by upregulating MMP2 (matrix metalloproteinase 2) and downregulating CLDN3 and CLDN4 (claudin 3 and 4) gene expression. Interestingly, an inhibitor of GLUT1 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) abolished the stimulatory effect of visfatin on the potential invasiveness of KGN cells. More importantly, silencing expression of the NAMPT gene in KGN cells demonstrated its important effect on glycolysis and invasiveness in adult granulosa cell tumor cells (AGCTs). In summary, visfatin appears to increase AGCT invasiveness through effects on glucose metabolism and to be an important regulator of glucose metabolism in these cells.
The relationship between hemogram parameters and mortality in neonatal calves with diarrhea
Authors: Ider Merve , Naseri Amir , Erturk Alper
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, farklı etiyolojik etkenlere bağlı gelişen neonatal buzağı ishalinde hemogram parametrelerinin mortalite ile ilişkisinin ortaya konulması amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 50 ishalli buzağı dahil edildi. Buzağılar hayatta kalma durumlarına göre iyileşen ve ölen buzağılar olarak 2 gruba ayrıldı. Ayrıca dışkı hızlı test kitinde ishale neden olan etiyolojik etken temelinde bakteriyel (E. coli), viral (rotavirüs ve koronavirüs) ve paraziter (Cryptosporidium parvum) olmak üzere 3 alt gruba ayrıldı. Total lökosit (WBC), lenfosit (Lym), monosit (Mon), granülosit (Gra), eritrosit (RBC), ortalama eritrosit hacmi (MCV), hematokrit (HCT), ortalama eritrosit hemoglobini (MCH), ortalama eritrosit hemoglobin konsantrasyonu (MCHC), eritrosit dağılım genişliği (RDW), hemoglobin (Hb) ve trombosit (PLT) düzeyleri ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Etiyolojiden bağımsız olarak, ölen buzağıların MCHC düzeyleri hayatta kalan buzağılardan daha düşüktü (cut-off: 32.15 g/dL, 68% sensitive, 62% spesifite, p = 0.041). Ayrıca, viral etyolojiye sahip, ölen buzağıların MCHC düzeyleri, hayatta kalan buzağılardan daha düşüktü (cut-off: 31.75 g/dL, 85% sensitive, 75% spesifite, p = 0.029). E. coli etiyolojisine sahip ölen buzağıların RBC düzeyleri, hayatta kalan buzağılardan daha düşüktü (cut-off: 9.27 ×103 cells/mL, 83% sensitive, 84% spesifite, p = 0.024). C. parvum ile enfekte buzağıların hemogram parametrelerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık yoktu.
Öneriler: MCHC ve RBC düzeyleri, yenidoğan buzağı ishalinde mortalite tahmininde istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı. Hemogram parametrelerinin diğer kan parametreleri (kan gazı vb.) ile birlikte değerlendirilmesi mortalite tahmininde daha faydalı olabilir.
Effect of combined application of ivermectin and praziquantel on oxidative stress and selected biochemical parameters in sheep
Authors: Canbar Rahmi , Uslu Muhittin , Arslan Mustafa Sedat , Yazar Enver
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlıklı koyunlara oral yolla ivermektin + prazikuantel kombinasyonu uygulamasının oksidatif durum, karaciğer ve böbrek fonksiyon parametrelerine etkisini belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada 18 adet Anadolu Merinosu ırkı koyuna önerilen dozda ivermektin + prazikuantel tablet (1 tablet/koyun) oral yolla uygulandı. Uygulamadan önce (0. gün) ve sonrasında 24 saat aralıklarla dört gün kan örnekleri alındı. Plazma 8-hidroksi-2-deoksiguanozin, malondialdehid, süperoksit dismutaz, glutasyon peroksidaz ve katalaz düzeyleri ticari kitler ile ELISA okuyucusunda belirlendi. Serum aspartat aminotransferaz, alanin aminotransferaz, alkalen fosfataz, kreatinin ve kan üre nitrojen düzeyleri otoanalizör ile ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Araştırmanın ilk 2 gün plazma 8-hidroksi-2-deoksiguanozin düzeyleri, 3. ve 4. gün değerlerinden yüksek olduğu belirlenirken (P<0.05), plazma glutasyon peroksidaz düzeylerinde ise istatistiki dalgalanmalar gözlendi (P<0.05). Araştırmanın 3. gün kan üre nitrojen değerinin 0. günden yüksek olduğu belirlendi (P<0.05).
Öneri: Sonuç olarak sağlıklı koyunlara önerilen dozda ivermektin + prazikuantel uygulamasının oksidatif strese neden olmadığı, karaciğer ve böbrek fonksiyon parametrelerine belirgin etkisinin olmadığı ifade edilebilir.
La música en Umbral: La melodía rota
Authors: Couceiro María del Pilar
Published: March 2023

Análisis acerca de la presencia de la música en los textos de Francisco Umbral, materia que en principio, no suponía motivo de interés para él porque, según propia confesión, no la entendía, aunque de manera reiterada acude a temas y descripciones  relacionados con el fenómeno musical
La literatura como crimen en Juan Goytisolo
Authors: Luque González Gonzalo
Published: March 2023

En la obra de Juan Goytisolo encontramos una tendencia a considerar la escritura como un acto subversivo, un acto en contra de la sociedad. Esta actitud se remonta al modernismo y se consolida en la vanguardia como un gesto antiburgués. Goytisolo recupera esa actitud ante la constante recuperación de los discursos hegemónicos antes cualquier contenido subversivo y su consecuente transformación en un contenido vacío de capacidad transformadora. En esta aproximación al acto literario observamos algunos problemas respecto a las significaciones políticas y morales de su escritura
Transubstanciación de la realidad en "El Jarama" de Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio y "Veladas del Nilo" de Na??b Ma?f??
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Nasr Adel
Published: March 2023

Sigue la literatura comparada el puente más eficaz de aproximación de culturas, eje de interculturalidad y fuente reveladora de las relaciones entre las diferentes áreas de la expresión humana. Contándonos con este método se nos destaca la confluencia entre dos obras realistas, que ponen al descubierto la realidad tanto española como egipcia de mitad del siglo XX y, precisamente de los años cincuenta en España y los años sesenta en Egipto: El Jarama de Sánchez Ferlosio y Veladas del Nilo de Na??b Ma?f??. Estas obras reflejan los sufrimientos y las opiniones de las clases pobres de sus respectivos países. Del mismo modo, los autores critican a través de estas novelas las pasividades de sus respectivas comunidades. Por ende, encarnan, en este sentido, dos ejemplos vivos de la transubstanciación de la realidad, los cuales se convergen en muchos aspectos e, incluso, en los títulos, que son nombres de dos ríos.
Lo humorístico como consecuencia de la discordancia léxica
Authors: Sanz Tordesillas Ana
Published: March 2023

Las palabras llevan en su interior una información subléxica, esto es, unos rasgos subléxicos que permiten o no su concordancia con otras palabras, y en consecuencia que estas se puedan o no combinar entre sí. La Teoría del Lexicón Generativo describe cómo está organizada la información subléxica de las palabras y cuáles son los mecanismos que permiten su combinación con otras y por qué en ocasiones estas combinaciones pueden generar nuevos significados y/o sentidos. La falta de concordancia léxica así como el intento de forzar la concordancia entre dos palabras para generar nuevos sentidos son la causa de la sonrisa que provocan algunas secuencias discursivas.
Decir lo que no se puede decir: las gracias y desgracias de un chiste difícil.
Authors: Martínez Alés Daniel
Published: March 2023

En este artículo se aborda la figura del bufón como aquel a quien se le permite decir «lo que no se puede decir», aterrizando en un ejemplo actual: la polémica que suscitó un vídeo de Comedy Central en la que el cómico Rober Bodegas interpretaba una rutina de stand-up sobre gitanos. A lo largo del texto se analizan algunos aspectos que pudieron provocar el aluvión de críticas que suscitó el fragmento, desde el tema de los chistes, la naturaleza de sus premisas, su retórica o la propia actio del cómico.
Idiosyncratic frequency as a measure of derivation vs. inflection
Authors: Copot Maria , Mickus Timothee , Bonami Olivier
Published: March 2023

There is ongoing discussion about how to conceptualize the nature of the distinction between inflection and derivation. A common approach relies on qualitative differences in the semantic relationship between inflectionally versus derivationally related words: inflection yields ways to discuss the same concept in different syntactic contexts, while derivation gives rise to words for related concepts. This differential can be expected to manifest in the predictability of word frequency between words that are related derivationally or inflectionally: predicting the token frequency of a word based on information about its base form or about related words should be easier when the two words are in an inflectional relationship, rather than a derivational one. We compare prediction error magnitude for statistical models of token frequency based on distributional and frequency information of inflectionally or derivationally related words in French. The results conform to expectations: it is easier to predict the frequency of a word from properties of an inflectionally related word than from those of a derivationally related word. Prediction error provides a quantitative, continuous method to explore differences between individual processes and differences yielded by employing different predicting information, which in turn can be used to draw conclusions about the nature and manifestation of the inflection–derivation distinction.
Професійна підготовка публічних службовців в сучасних умовах цифровізації освіти
Authors: Сорокіна Наталія , Серьогін Сергій , Шеломовська Оксана
Published: March 2023

В статті досліджено особливості застосування електронного цифрового навчання при професійній підготовці публічних службовців в умовах цифровізації освіти. Встановлено, що внаслідок карантинних заходів, зумовлених поширенням пандемії COVID-19, та в умовах повномасштабної війни виникла необхідність у докорінній зміні форм та методів навчання публічних службовців, способів їх міжособистісного спілкування, системи організації освітнього процесу та створення дієвого цифрового освітнього простору. Зазначено, що професійна підготовка публічних службовців має свої особливості, адже вона здійснюється з урахуванням принципів навчання дорослих (андрагогічних принципів). І саме використання цифрових технологій в освітньому процесі дає можливість без відриву від основної діяльності здійснювати професійну підготовку публічних службовців упродовж всього життя в більш зручний та комфортний для них спосіб.

Виявлено основні переваги електронного цифрового навчання при професійній підготовці публічних службовців до яких належать: часові, географічні, психологічні, ергономічні переваги, навчання без відриву від основної діяльності, вільний доступ до різноманітних джерел інформації в режимі «24/7», діджиталізація. З’ясовано, що поруч з перевагами, цифровізація освітнього процесу має чимало недоліків, а саме: необхідність постійного підключення до мережі Інтернет, відсутність живого діалогу з викладачем, нестача цифрових компетентностей у публічних службовців, необхідність високої внутрішньої мотивації публічного службовця (можливість навчатися у зручний час може перетворитися на постійну прокрастинацію).

Зроблено висновок, що цифрове навчання здатне стати інноваційним інструментом професіоналізації публічних службовців. Завдяки ретельно організованому цифровому середовищу професійне навчання публічних службовців є більш персоналізованим, мобільним, доступним і гнучким, що вкрай важливо за умов мінімальних затрат – часових, фінансових, людських ресурсів. Однак зауважено, що електронне цифрове навчання не може бути повноцінною заміною традиційному навчанню, адже воно не в змозі замінити живе спілкування учасників освітнього процесу, але воно справді може стати найбільш перспективною формою вечірнього навчання, курсів підвищення кваліфікації чи курсів перепідготовки публічних службовців. Наголошено, що для денної та заочної форми навчання найбільш оптимальним було б поєднання оф-лайн та он-лайн освіти, де б цифрові технології використовувалися для доповнення та вдосконалення традиційного навчання.