bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Reform and Practice of College Physics Course in Local Application-oriented Universities
Authors:   Yixin Publisher, Gan Xinlei , Peng Xuefeng , Han Yinxia
Published: May 2024

Aiming at the four major pain points existing in the traditional college physics teaching in local application-oriented universities, this paper puts forward ten teaching strategies, including case visualization and problem originalization, focusing on the development of students and based on the constructivism teaching theory. The research explored the mixed teaching mode of “four dimensions and ten strategies” based on “MOOCs + PAD”. The teaching practice shows that this teaching mode can effectively enhance students’ learning interest and comprehensive ability, and the classroom teaching effect has been significantly improved.
Strategy of Empowering Maritime Defense Areas to Increase the Income of Fisherman Communities and Awareness of National Defense in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra (Study at Palembang Naval Base)
Authors: . Zainubbi , Rejo Amin , Lionardo Andries , Gumay Muhammad Hendri
Published: May 2024

Republic of Indonesia Law No.34 of 2004 regulating the Indonesian National Armed Forces Navy Duties in Article 9 Paragraph (e); Implementing the Empowerment of the Maritime Defense Area. The implementation of maritime defense area empowerment is the empowerment of coastal communities through Maritime Potential Development, which is implemented by Main Naval Bases III/JKT, in this case, Palembang Naval Base in Banyuasin district, South Sumatra, which is represented by the coastal area of Sungsan I-IV village, Banyuasin II subdistrict. From the perspective of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, the goal is to carry out the primary mission of the Indonesian Navy, which is to raise awareness of national defense. The main objective of this research is to investigate the strategy for empowering maritime defense areas by Main Naval Base III/JKT, specifically Palembang Naval Base, in terms of increasing coastal communities' economic income and awareness of national defense in Banyuasin district, South Sumatra. The findings of this research reveal that there is no coastal community/fishermen empowerment program in Banyuasin district, South Sumatra that is planned, measurable, and sustainable. According to Chamber, community empowerment is an economic development concept that encompasses social values. This notion reflects a new "people-centered" development paradigm that is participatory and sustainable. The concept of empowerment encompasses more than merely meeting fundamental needs or providing a mechanism to prevent future impoverishment. Conclusion: Coastal community empowerment measures intended to increase fishing communities' earnings along with comprehension of National Defense in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra, have not been planned.
Performance of The Trigona,Sapiens Honey Agribusiness Developed By Communities Around The Laiwoi KPH Forest Area In Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province
Authors: P La Panga, , Puguh I Wayan , Umrawati Wd. , Hafili Sri Inrawati
Published: May 2024

The Trigona sp bee is a type of biodiversity that has high economic value and is a leading commodity for Non-Timber Forest Products (HhBk), which is developed by the community around the KPH Laiwoi forest area, Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency. The community and government of Amonggedo Baru sub-district, Mataiwoi Village, Puasana Village, and Amonggedo District have formed farmer groups and Gapoktan to cultivate Trigona sp bees. as a sector of economic improvement for society. This community partnership activity was conducted in Mataiwoi Village and Amonggedo Baru Village, Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency. The method used in this survey research is the Agribusiness Technology Transfer Approach. Data was collected through observation and interview methods. Based on the community profile above, the problem of research on the performance of the Trigona Honey Agribusiness developed by the community around the KPH Laiwoi Forest area, Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency is presented in detail as follows: 1. The performance of the Trigona, sp Honey Agribusiness is determined by human factors, capital, processing tools and machines, honey management methods and technology, markets, and non-economic environmental factors carried out using a Technology Transfer approach to the Trigona—Sp Honey Bee Agribusiness subsystem. The community around the KPH Laiwoi Forest Area, Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency developed them. 2. Trigona, sp honey bee production management developed by the community is moving the colony from the primary habitat on a dead tree to an artificial habitat in artificial STUP boxes with a start-up of 20 boxes per group
Los signos de la cultura política de los académicos universitarios: Transformaciones y cambios
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Ávila Báez Norma , Menchaca Arredondo Ernesto ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas
Published: May 2024

La cultura política es un concepto polisémico, permite abordar su análisis desde diferentes contextos y grupos sociales, el cual expresa lo que las personas piensan, perciben y hacen en la vida política o respecto a lo político, como dimensión central. Además, devela diversas actitudes asumidas por los grupos o sectores sociales hacia la autoridad; ya sea con respecto al gobierno o de las personas que asumiendo un cierto orden jerárquico se encuentren en posiciones de poder en su ámbito laboral o social. La cultura política representa la conformación de una cierta forma de vida, donde los ciudadanos comparten elementos comunes y, en su práctica política, se subjetivan creencias, concepciones, sentimientos, valores políticos y conocimientos. Los cuales, al desarrollarse en un ámbito simbólico cultural general más amplio, se encuentran envueltos en un constante movimiento y transformación.
Políticas e integración de TIC por los docentes-investigadores de posgrado en la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Félix Torres Nahui Olin Nicolas , Miramontes Cabrera Rut Guadalupe ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas
Published: May 2024

Las políticas aplicadas dentro del territorio nacional no siempre son diseñadas en su totalidad por autoridades mexicanas, suelen desprenderse de recomendaciones de organismos internacionales como el Banco Mundial, la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos y la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura; generando un conjunto de disposiciones en materia educativa encaminadas al desarrollo económico como fuente inequívoca de desarrollo social, esto crea una marcada desigualdad con respecto a lo que se espera de una serie de políticas aplicadas en países desarrollados y los resultados de un país tan diverso como México. Específicamente hablando de políticas en TIC, las estrategias digitales nacionales representan la planificación orientada al aumento de la participación del mercado por medio de la cualificación de los empleados y la tecnificación de los sectores de educación.
Almacenamiento, manejo y aprovechamiento de la energía
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Angulo Sherman Abril Adriana
Published: May 2024

Existe una gran variedad de materias primas a las que denominamos coloquialmente como combustibles, porque son la materia prima que utilizamos para obtener energía que será posteriormente aprovechada, a pesar de que no todos ellos se encuentran sujetos a un proceso de combustión. Durante el aprovechamiento de estos combustibles es importante tener en cuenta que sus características rigen las condiciones de almacenamiento y manejo de la sustancia, así como el proceso que se utilizará para convertir su energía contenida en energía útil.
Lluvia ácida
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Rubio González José Antonio
Published: May 2024

El aire, mezcla de gases indispensable para la vida, no siempre está en las mejores condiciones para respirarlo. Siempre ha existido cierto grado de contaminación natural, que pro-viene de fenómenos como la erupción de los volcanes (que arroja a la atmósfera cenizas y grandes cantidades de dióxido de azufre, SO2, que puede generar lluvia ácida), o bien, tormentas de arena que llenan el aire con partículas suspendidas. Afortunadamente la naturaleza mantiene un equilibrio que preserva al medioambiente en condiciones adecuadas para la vida. Los problemas de contaminación surgen cuando ese equilibrio se pierde (muchas veces por la intervención del hombre), y aunque la mayor parte de la contaminación se genera en las zonas urbanas, el problema afecta a todo el mundo.
Rocas ígneas
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Mara García Edith Xio , Estrada Vargas Arturo ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, González Pérez Mario Guadalupe ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: May 2024

Una roca “es un agregado de minerales, que son sólidos con propiedades físicas y químicas definidas. Se reconocen tres grupos importantes de rocas: ígneas, sedimentarias y metamórficas, cada una de las cuales se caracteriza por su modo de formación” (Wicander R., 1999). El llamado “Ciclo de la Rocas” inició cuando las placas tectónicas se formaron y posteriormente se hundieron nuevamente. Al hundirse, con el aumento de la presión y temperatura se derritieron las rocas y se reconvirtieron los minerales en una masa ígnea, a la vez que en otras zonas el magma ascendió por actividad volcánica y se solidificó.
Rocas sedimentarias
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Mara García Edith Xio , Estrada Vargas Arturo ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, González Pérez Mario Guadalupe ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: May 2024

Las rocas sedimentarias son importantes dentro de la historia de la Tierra, puesto que proporcionan importante información acerca de esta. Este tipo de rocas se encuentran depositadas en su mayoría en estratos y pueden contener fósiles. Una roca sedimentaria es formada a partir de los productos de meteorización de rocas preexistentes que han sido transportadas, depositadas y litificadas. Estas pueden tener dos orígenes principales: rocas sedimentarias detríticas y rocas sedimentarias químicas.
Rocas metamórficas
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Mara García Edith Xio , Estrada Vargas Arturo ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, González Pérez Mario Guadalupe ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: May 2024

Las rocas metamórficas son las más complejas de los tres tipos básicos. La palabra metamorfismo significa literalmente “cambio de forma”. Esto se refiere a que las rocas metamórficas pueden formarse a partir de rocas ígneas, sedimentarias o incluso de otras rocas metamórficas. En este tipo de rocas la composición y textura originales son alteradas por el calor y la presión que existen en el interior de la corteza terrestre. En esta unidad se analizan las condiciones para la formación de las rocas metamórficas a partir de rocas preexistentes, describiendo los diferentes tipos de metamorfismo, rocas resultantes, minerales índices, así como los recursos asociados a estas.
Escala del tiempo geológico
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Mara García Edith Xio
Published: May 2024

Las rocas más antiguas de la Tierra se remontan su origen a 4,600 Millones de años, la tierra ha tenido una evolución en su estructura, así como en las formas de vida que han existido en esta. Los geólogos usan dos tipos de referencias para definir el tiempo geológico: La edad relativa, que consiste en situar los acontecimientos geológicos en orden secuencial, determinado por su posición en el registro geológico, apoyándose en la litología y tipos de fósiles encontrado y el fechamiento absoluto da por el resultado fechas específicas para unidades de rocas o acontecimiento expresadas en años antes del presente, a partir de técnicas radiométricas.
Análisis de los tipos de energías renovables
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Arellano Avelar María Azucena
Published: May 2024

La energía en cualquiera de sus formas no puede crearse ni destruirse; solo se puede cambiar de una forma a otra (primera Ley de la Termo-dinámica). Aunque la energía no se pierde, sí se degrada en un proceso irreversible (segunda Ley de la Termodinámica). Por ello, en rigor la energía no puede considerarse renovable. Lo que puede renovarse es su fuente, por ejemplo, el viento, o una caída de agua. Sin embargo, el uso del lenguaje ha llevado a las fuentes renovables de energía a denominarse simplemente energías renovables. El aprovechamiento de la energía disponible de manera renovable en la naturaleza se encuentra en el origen del ser humano, cuando nuestros antepasados aprendieron a controlar el fuego, y de este modo aprovechar la energía de la biomasa.
Pyogenes Granulom – Ein Fallbericht
Authors: Kadrija Vranine , Walter Christiane , Bosshard Fabienne Andrina
Published: May 2024

A pyogenic granuloma is an acquired, benign tissue formation of the skin and/or oral mucosa. Surgical excision is the most common treatment for these lesions. In this case report a case of a 60-year-old woman with a pyogenic granuloma in region 21 is presented. An excisional biopsy was performed with a CO2 laser under local anesthesia and the specimen was examined by a pathologist. No recurrency were observed in this case.
A DISPARIDADE NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA ENTRE OS ACADÊMICOS DE DIFERENTES CURSOS DA SAÚDE DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PRIVADA
Authors: Cecília Ferreira dos Santos Barbarah , Sales Pereira de Castro Júlia , De Alvarenga Bernardes Julia , Borja Mialarett Lara , Kelly Neves Gonçalves Gleisy , Mie Takeshita Isabela
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A cultura na qual o indivíduo está inserido relaciona-se com seus objetivos e preocupações. Uma das formas de mensurar a qualidade de vida é através do Manual WHOQOL, que analisa capacidade funcional, estado geral de saúde, vitalidade, aspectos sociais, emocionais e saúde mental. Abordar a qualidade de vida entre acadêmicos da saúde permite reflexões que somam para uma melhora das ações estratégicas de promoção de saúde nesse público. Objetivo: Analisar a qualidade de vida entre os acadêmicos dos cursos da saúde através de uma pesquisa de campo quantitativa, não experimental e descritiva realizada em uma faculdade privada. Método: Para avaliar a satisfação dos estudantes foi utilizado um questionário Fsociodemográfico associado ao WHOQOL-BREF, manual desenvolvido para avaliar a relação entre espiritualidade, religião e crenças pessoais à qualidade de vida. As variáveis numéricas foram apresentadas como média ± desvio-padrão e as categóricas, como frequências absolutas e relativas. Resultados: Participaram do questionário 355 alunos de graduação–sendo 84 da Enfermagem, 37 da Fisioterapia, 177 da Medicina e 57 da Psicologia–com idade média de 22,4 ± 5,4 anos e em sua grande maioria do sexo feminino; da cor branca; solteiros; residindo com pais em imóvel próprio; com religião; sem trabalhar simultaneamente a graduação; em período integral de estudo. Analisando os dados, a maioria dos acadêmicos avalia sua qualidade de vida como boa. Conclusão: As diferenças nas condições socioeconômicas entre os cursos de Fisioterapia, Enfermagem, Medicina e Psicologia, demonstraram-se determinantes para a disparidade na percepção da qualidade de vida.
Diagnostic Challenges in Pancreatic Tumors
Authors: Ionuţ Simion Coman , Elena Violeta Coman , Costin George Florea , Teodora Elena Tudose , Cosmin Burleanu , Anwar Erchid , Valentin Titus Grigorean
Published: May 2024

Background: Pancreatic tumors have a large diversity, with an increasing incidence and mortality. Although the diagnosis methods have improved in recent years, establishing a diagnosis and a histopathological type of pancreatic tumor can still pose a challenge. Aim: We propose to present a concise list of difficulties regarding the clinical, biological, and imagistic diagnosis of pancreatic tumors. Key information: The clinical manifestations of pancreatic tumors depend on their location and size, on the presence of metastatic lesions, but the difficulty of orientation towards this diagnosis is determined by the fact that most lesions are asymptomatic or present in the early stages of non-specific symptoms. The usual biological parameters are non-specific in pancreatic tumors in the early stages, but studies are underway regarding a series of biomarkers, genetic micro-sequences, or inorganic nanomaterials that could be used in the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancers. An essential stage in the diagnosis of pancreatic tumors is represented by imaging investigations, which are associated with endoscopic and tumor biopsy procedures and can outline a picture regarding the presence of the tumor at the level of the pancreas, the relationship with the neighboring organs, the nature of the tumor and the histopathological type. There are a series of indications and limitations regarding each of these investigations, trying to develop various algorithms for the diagnosis of pancreatic tumors. Conclusion: The medical research conducted to develop new diagnostic procedures has the objective of ensuring an early diagnosis of pancreatic tumors, in a stage that offers the best chances of recovery for the patient.
The Brilliance, Attitude, Leadership and Materials (BALM) framework of clinical excellence: an adoptable model for sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Azeez Taoreed
Published: May 2024

Clinical excellence is the ability to provide rigorous, evidence-based, and rewarding care to the right patients. The BALM (brilliance, attitude, leadership, and materials) framework is a novel model for adjudicating clinical excellence. There are a few models and frameworks for evaluating clinical excellence, but each has its flaws and does not consider the peculiarities of economically-challenged regions such as sub-Saharan Africa. Coincidentally, such low-resource areas have an urgent need for a framework to assess clinical excellence because of their low health-related indices. The five-step model of professional excellence is a well-recognised tool and was the model upon which the BALM framework was built.

So, the BALM framework determines to what extent, using the five-step stages of novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert, a clinician has achieved in each of the four critical domains, namely brilliance, attitude, leadership, and materials. Therefore, a clinician, who strives for excellence, aims to be an “expert” in each of the domains of the BALM framework. The framework is concise, practical, easy to use, and multidimensional, although it still needs to be applied widely to assess its reproducibility.
PROBLEMS OF PUBLICATION ACTIVITY ON THE TOPIC OF JADIDISM IN RUSSIAN-SPEAKING AND ENGLISH-SPEAKING SCIENTIFIC SPACES
Authors: Nurmatov Akbar , Xaydarova Sevara , Anton-Ovseenko Anton
Published: May 2024

This study aims to identify the characteristics of publication activity on the topic of Jadidism simultaneously in the Russian-language and English-language scientific environments in terms of quantity, thematic indicator, and citation rate, as well as to identify the lexical and stylistic characteristics of publications. The indicator of country affiliation has been added to the analysis of publication activity in the English-speaking space. Calculations were carried out based on materials published in scientific electronic databases eLibrary.ru and Scholar.Google.com for the 10-year period 2013-2022. Conclusions and recommendations aimed at improving the qualitative and quantitative indicators of publications on Jadidism have been formulated.
Distributed Data Parallel Acceleration-Based Generative Adversarial Network for Fingerprint Generation
Authors: Xiong Shuguang , Zhang Huitao , Wang Meng , Zhou Ning
Published: May 2024

In the expanding landscape of artificial intelligence, scaling model training to accommodate larger and more intricate neural networks and datasets is imperative. This study addresses the scaling issue by employing Distributed Data Parallel (DDP) frameworks to enhance the training of deep learning models, specifically focusing on the generation of synthetic fingerprints. Utilizing DDP enables efficient management of vast datasets essential for training generative models, ensuring comprehensive coverage of the variability inherent in fingerprints. Moreover, the application of DDP in fingerprint generation not only expedites the training process but also enhances data security by distributing computation across multiple nodes. The effectiveness of DDP is demonstrated through substantial improvements in training efficiency, as evidenced by reduced training times and balanced Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) utilization rates. However, the study reveals challenges in GPU underutilization with larger batch sizes, indicating opportunities for optimizing resource allocation. Advances in Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network (DCGAN) architecture is also discussed, highlighting the model's capability to create realistic synthetic fingerprints and suggesting a future focus on algorithmic adaptability and network sophistication.
Losy zakonników i majątku klasztoru po kasacie ostrołęckiego konwentu bernardynów
Authors: Kalinowska Barbara
Published: May 2024

Ukaz Aleksandra II o reformie klasztorów z 8 XI 1864 r. oraz przepisy dodatkowe z 4 XII 1864 r. objęły również klasztor ostrołęckich bernardynów. Zaborca uznał, że bernardyni wspierali powstanie styczniowe, dlatego ich klasztor został przeznaczony do zamknięcia. Ukaz zmienił diametralnie sytuację zakonników, stan prawny budowli, majątku ziemskiego i majątku ruchomego. Kasaty klasztoru dokonano w zaskoczeniu w nocy z 27 na 28 XI 1864 r., podobnie jak większości innych klasztorów w Królestwie Polskim, które skasowano w jednym czasie, według z góry zaplanowanego schematu. W Ostrołęce pozostawiono jednego zakonnika, pozostałych wysłano do klasztoru bernardynów w Kazimierzu Biskupim w diecezji włocławskiej. Nieruchomości przekazane zostały pod zarząd Skarbu Królestwa Polskiego i w zawiadywanie Komisji Rządowej Przychodów i Skarbu.
Language as an important means of information encoding
Authors: I. Denys
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the significance of language as a means of encoding information, to prove its influence on the process of storing and transferring information. The research methodology consists in the application of various approaches: analytical – to study the literature on the topic of the article, systematic – to study the language as a means of coding information using general scientific methods, first of all systematisation and generalisation, as well as a comparative historical method. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the paper shows the importance of language as a necessary means of encoding information. Since ancient times, language has been a necessary means of communication in society. It did not have such clearly defined forms, was inarticulate, did not have specific rules and was not standardised, but with the development of society, language becomes more normalised. This played a very important role in the existence of mankind, because with the help of language, our ancestors managed to pass on a huge amount of experience, customs, traditions, cultural heritage and certain norms to their descendants, and today we already consider the concept of language as a tool for encoding the necessary information in various systems. And from this, accordingly, there arises a need to study language as a means of encoding information. Conclusions. Due to the need to encode information, a variety of techniques began to appear to solve this problem. Of course, methods of encoding information with the development of mankind have changed from a simple shift of the alphabet to the emergence of modern digital systems. And as a result, the emergence of the programming language as a special subtype of the artificial language is a consequence of the development of computing technology. This is how special font complexes began to appear to designate characters in electronic computer technology and systems built into it
Accommodation of activities of Ukrainian libraries under marital law
Authors: Kravets L.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the article is to provide an argumentative identification of a qualitatively new direction in the activities of Ukrainian libraries under martial law – socio-productive. The methodological basis of the article is based on general scientific methods such as abstract and logical, analysis, cognitive, and synthesis. Dialectical, objectivity, systemic, and structural-functional approaches to scientific knowledge are applied. The scientific novelty of the article consists in revealing the peculiarities of the functioning of Ukrainian libraries under martial law. Such traditional areas of activity in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war, as information and communication, information and advisory, scientific, socio-cultural and local studies, should be supplemented with socio-productive ones. The proposed material enriches the theory of modern librarianship about the changing role of libraries in society under the influence of socio-political processes, determining the new quality of the Ukrainian library institute as an active participant in nation-building processes. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the application of the acquired best experience of library practice in the activities of library institutions of all systems and departments in order to positively strengthen their image and reputation. Conclusions. In the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the library social institute immediately reacted to the events in the state, changing the algorithm of its functioning with a reorientation to socio-political requests. Among the main traditional areas of activity, the socio-productive one definitely stood out. That is, the library has shown itself as an adaptive system that rationally transforms the work algorithm in order to maintain the optimal state in accordance with the changing conditions of the external environment. The genesis of the strategy for the development of the Ukrainian library and information sphere is consistent with the strategies of national economic, social and humanitarian development
Efficiency of prebiotic supplement feeding to dairy cows at low levels of concentrates
Authors: Дуборезов В.М. , Кувшинов В.Н. , Цис Е.Ю.
Published: May 2024

В статье представлены результаты научно-хозяйственного эксперимента, проведенного в течение 120 дней на молочных коровах в условиях АО ПЗ «Наро-Осановский» Московской области, по скармливанию хлореллы в качестве пребиотической кормовой добавки. Установлено, что дополнительный ввод микроскопических водорослей в силосно-концентратный рацион из расчета один литр на голову в сутки позволил в опытной группе получить среднесуточный удой в количестве 24,23 кг. В контрольной группе данный показатель оказался ниже на 3,29 кг. Сумма молочного жира в опытной группе за период исследований составила 125,1 кг, что выше показателя в контроле на 17,7 кг, или 16,5%. Выход молочного белка также был выше — 115,9 кг против 99,4 кг в контрольной группе.

The paper presents the results of scientific and economic experiment conducted for 120 days on dairy cows in conditions of АО PZ "Naro-Osanovsky", Moscow region, on chlorella feeding as a prebiotic feed additive. Studies have established that the additional introduction of microscopic algae in silage-concentrate ration in the amount of one liter per head per day allowed the experimental group to obtain an average daily milk yield of 24.23 kg. In the control group this indicator was lower by 3.29 kg. The amount of milk fat in the experimental group for the period of research amounted to 125.1 kg, which is 17.7 kg or 16.5% higher than in the control group. Milk protein yield was also higher —115.9 kg, against 99.4 kg in the control group.
Looking at Tuberculosis Through the Lens of the Vulnerable Population in Parañaque City
Authors: de Vera Kevin , Censoro Christine
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to support Tuberculosis (TB) advocacy and demand generation initiatives by documenting the experiences of selected population groups in Parañaque City, Philippines. It explored vulnerable populations' perspectives on tuberculosis, health promotion activities, challenges in maintaining health, and access points to health services and information. Through focus group discussions and key informant interviews, 22 elderly individuals, 18 tricycle drivers, 12 barangay health workers, and two public health nurses participated in the study. The findings highlighted various aspects of TB knowledge and awareness, including identification, risk factors, lifestyle, and treatment. The themes that emerged around understanding TB identification included perceived susceptibility, misconceptions, and treatment approaches. Participants' experiences underscored access to information and services, health-seeking behavior, and emotional responses regarding TB. Challenges identified included household situations, perceived stigma, and discrimination, shedding light on community attitudes. Varying perceptions of healthcare services were noted, with some valuing free services at health centers while others found access challenging. The study also underscores the importance of community TB knowledge, tailored healthcare, stigma reduction, and ensuring access to health programs, particularly for vulnerable groups. Advocacy recommendations include maximizing community-based information sharing through training, developing tailored health education approaches, and enhancing health literacy materials. Furthermore, advocating for flexible healthcare service delivery options, stigma reduction activities, and increased community engagement efforts are crucial. These measures are vital for effective TB control and improving overall community wellbeing, particularly in addressing the unique needs of vulnerable populations.
The Spiral Progression Approach in Learning Mathematics: Advantages and Disadvantages
Authors: Bacud Regine Kate , Futalan Maria Chona
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to identify students' perspectives on the advantages and disadvantages of the Spiral Progression Approach (SPA) in learning mathematics. This topic interests the researchers due to the lack of current literature focusing on it. The study utilized a descriptive and explanatory survey and employed a systematic sampling technique to identify the 277 Senior High School students who served as respondents. A validated questionnaire was used, with the following Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients: 0.701 for repetition, 0.702 for improved prior knowledge, 0.713 for age-appropriate learning, 0.704 for limited time, 0.723 for prior knowledge dependence, and 0.720 for broad curriculum. The study revealed that students have “high” perceptions of the advantages of the SPA in terms of repetition, prior knowledge, and age appropriate learning. However, students also have “high” perceptions of the disadvantages of the SPA in terms of limited time, prior knowledge dependence, and broad curriculum. Moreover, the results indicate that students’ academic performance in General Mathematics is “very satisfactory” and significantly correlated with their perceptions of the advantages of the SPA.
A LATERAL OSTEODERM FROM KRYPHIOPARMA CAERULA (PSEUDOSUCHIA: AETOSAURIA) FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC (NORIAN) CHINLE FORMATION OF ARIZONA
Authors:   Atrayee Haldar, Parker William G.
Published: May 2024

Recent collecting of fossil vertebrates in the Chinle Formation at Petrified Forest National Park (PEFO) and reinvestigation of historic collections resulted in the recognition of a new aetosaurian taxon, Kryphioparma caerula. Although distinctive, K. caerula was initially described from several fragmentary paramedian osteoderms from PEFO and the nearby Placerias Quarry, however the anatomy of the lateral osteoderms remained unknown. Here, we refer an isolated lateral osteoderm from the Placerias Quarry to K. caerula based on an ornamentation composed of large elliptical-to-rounded pits on the dorsal surface that are randomly arranged, a prominent anterior bar, a strongly obtuse angle between two partially preserved flanges, an elongate lateral eminence (spine) with a strongly embayed posterior margin, and sharp anterior ridge. This combination of anatomical features of the isolated lateral osteoderm is clearly aetosaurian and differs in significant ways from the other known aetosaurian taxa from the site. A parsimony analysis recovers K. caerula nested within the inclusive clade Typothoracinae. This lateral osteoderm demonstrates that K. caerula was a spinose aetosaur, a bauplan observed in both typothoracine and desmatosuchin aetosaurians. Thus, further highlighting observed convergence between these groups and indicating a need for a reevaluation of lateral osteoderm characters used for phylogenetic analyses.
Melanophilin mediates the association of myosin-5a with melanosome via three distinct interactions
Authors: Pan Jiabin , Zhou Rui , Yao Lin-Lin , Zhang Jie , Zhang Ning , Cao Qin-Juan , Sun Shaopeng , Li Xiang-dong
Published: May 2024

Transport and localization of melanosome at the periphery region of melanocyte are depended on myosin-5a (Myo5a), which associates with melanosome by interacting with its adaptor protein melanophilin (Mlph). Mlph contains four functional regions, including Rab27a-binding domain, Myo5a GTD-binding motif (GTBM), Myo5a exon F-binding domain (EFBD), and actin-binding domain (ABD). The association of Myo5a with Mlph is known to be mediated by two specific interactions: the interaction between the exon-F-encoded region of Myo5a and Mlph-EFBD and that between Myo5a-GTD and Mlph-GTBM. Here, we identify a third interaction between Myo5a and Mlph, i.e., the interaction between the exon-G-encoded region of Myo5a and Mlph-ABD. The exon-G/ABD interaction is independent from the exon-F/EFBD interaction and is required for the association of Myo5a with melanosome. Moreover, we demonstrate that Mlph-ABD interacts with either the exon-G or actin filament, but cannot interact with both of them simultaneously. Based on above findings, we propose a new model for the Mlph-mediated Myo5a transportation of melanosomes.
Boosting biodiversity monitoring using smartphone-driven, rapidly accumulating community-sourced data
Authors: Atsumi Keisuke , Nishida Yuusuke , Ushio Masayuki , Nishi Hirotaka , Genroku Takanori , Fujiki Shogoro
Published: May 2024

Ecosystem services, which derive in part from biological diversity, are a fundamental support for human society. However, human activities are causing harm to biodiversity, ultimately endangering these critical ecosystem services. Halting nature loss and mitigating these impacts necessitates comprehensive biodiversity distribution data, a requirement for implementing the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. To efficiently collect species observations from the public, we launched the ‘
Biome
’ mobile application in Japan. By employing species identification algorithms and gamification elements, the app has gathered >6M observations since its launch in 2019. However, community-sourced data often exhibit spatial and taxonomic biases. Species distribution models (SDMs) enable infer species distribution while accommodating such bias. We investigated
Biome
data’s quality and how incorporating the data influences the performance of SDMs. Species identification accuracy exceeds 95% for birds, reptiles, mammals, and amphibians, but seed plants, molluscs, and fishes scored below 90%. The distributions of 132 terrestrial plants and animals across Japan were modeled, and their accuracy was improved by incorporating our data into traditional survey data. For endangered species, traditional survey data required >2,000 records to build accurate models (Boyce index ≥ 0.9), though only ca.300 records were required when the two data sources were blended. The unique data distributions may explain this improvement:
Biome
data covers urban-natural gradients uniformly, while traditional data is biased towards natural areas. Combining multiple data sources offers insights into species distributions across Japan, aiding protected area designation and ecosystem service assessment. Providing a platform to accumulate community-sourced distribution data and improving data processing protocol will contribute to not only conserving natural ecosystems but also detecting species distribution changes and testing ecological theories.
Cortical beta oscillations map to shared brain networks modulated by dopamine
Authors: Chikermane Meera , Weerdmeester Liz , Rajamani Nanditha , Köhler Richard M , Merk Timon , Vanhoecke Jojo , Horn Andreas , Neumann Wolf Julian
Published: May 2024

Brain rhythms can facilitate neural communication for the maintenance of brain function. Beta rhythms (13–35 Hz) have been proposed to serve multiple domains of human ability, including motor control, cognition, memory, and emotion, but the overarching organisational principles remain unknown. To uncover the circuit architecture of beta oscillations, we leverage normative brain data, analysing over 30 hr of invasive brain signals from 1772 channels from cortical areas in epilepsy patients, to demonstrate that beta is the most distributed cortical brain rhythm. Next, we identify a shared brain network from beta-dominant areas with deeper brain structures, like the basal ganglia, by mapping parametrised oscillatory peaks to whole-brain functional and structural MRI connectomes. Finally, we show that these networks share significant overlap with dopamine uptake as indicated by positron emission tomography. Our study suggests that beta oscillations emerge in cortico-subcortical brain networks that are modulated by dopamine. It provides the foundation for a unifying circuit-based conceptualisation of the functional role of beta activity beyond the motor domain and may inspire an extended investigation of beta activity as a feedback signal for closed-loop neurotherapies for dopaminergic disorders.
Effort Drives Saccade Selection
Authors: Koevoet Damian , Van Zantwijk Laura , Naber Marnix , Mathôt Sebastiaan , Van der Stigchel Stefan , Strauch Christoph
Published: May 2024

What determines where to move the eyes? We recently showed that pupil size, a well-established marker of effort, also reflects the effort associated with making a saccade (’saccade costs’). Here we demonstrate saccade costs to critically drive saccade selection: when choosing between any two saccade directions, the least costly direction was consistently preferred. Strikingly, this principle even held during search in natural scenes in two additional experiments. When increasing cognitive demand experimentally through an auditory counting task, participants made fewer saccades and especially cut costly directions. This suggests that the eye-movement system and other cognitive operations consume similar resources that are flexibly allocated among each other as cognitive demand changes. Together, we argue that eye-movement behavior is tuned to adaptively minimize saccade-inherent effort.
Repercussões do trabalho na vida de policiais: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Jacinto Gledson Peres , Zuin Débora Carneiro
Published: May 2024

O estudo teve como objetivo principal compreender como o trabalho policial influencia a vida do profissional de segurança pública. A revisão integrativa utilizou como bases de pesquisa a Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), e o recorte temporal escolhido foi de janeiro de 2018 a maio de 2023. As principais repercussões encontradas foram: as físicas, como distúrbios no sono, alterações no sistema musculoesquelético, dor lombar, lesões faciais decorrentes de confrontos armados; as de saúde mental, manifestando-se em forma estresse ocupacional, ansiedade, irritabilidade, depressão e síndrome de burnout; e à vida social, como alteração de círculos sociais, endurecimento emocional, exercício ininterrupto da profissão, estado de alerta contínuo, restrição de tempo para lazer e convívio social, constante preocupação com a segurança de seus familiares, e sua segurança pelos familiares quando em serviço. O artigo traz uma contribuição inédita de como  a literatura tem discutido as repercussões da atividade policial na vida do profissional de segurança pública e de como a complexidade do trabalho policial reflete de forma profunda em várias dimensões na vida de quem a exerce.
Katalytische metallorganische Reaktionen von Ammoniak
Authors: Klinkenberg Jessica L. , Hartwig John F.
Published: September 2010

Bis vor kurzem ging Ammoniak nur selten katalytische Transformationen in Gegenwart von Homogenkatalysatoren ein, und die Entwicklung derartiger Reaktionen, die unter milden Bedingungen selektiv nur ein Produkt ergeben, ist auf vielzählige Hindernisse gestoßen. Kürzlich entwickelte Katalysatoren ermöglichen es nun, über verschiedenartige Reaktionen Produkte mit stickstoffhaltigen funktionellen Gruppen aus Ammoniak herzustellen. Diese Reaktionen umfassen Hydroaminomethylierungen, reduktive Aminierungen, Alkylierungen, allylische Substitutionen, Hydroaminierungen und Kreuzkupplungen. Dieser Kurzaufsatz präsentiert Beispiele für solche Reaktionen ebenso wie die Faktoren, die die Katalysatoraktivität und ‐selektivität steuern.
Design of IMC filter for PID control strategy of open‐loop unstable processes with time delay
Authors: Shamsuzzoha M. , Skliar Mikhail , Lee Moonyong
Published: September 2010

A modified internal model control (IMC) filter has been proposed for the open‐loop unstable process with time delay and a further IMC–proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) tuning rule is derived on the basis of the proposed IMC filter. Investigation of the IMC filter structure clearly demonstrates that a critically damped filter does not always provide satisfactory response and that this is probably due to lack of sufficient integral action. The conventional, critically damped filter is therefore replaced with a more general, second‐order IMC filter for improved integral action. The present investigation shows that for the most unstable processes, the underdamped IMC filter provides the desired integral action and improves the closed‐loop performance of the system except for the unstable processes with a strong lead term. An exhaustive simulation studies has been performed to show the advantage of the proposed method in both nominal and robust cases. By incorporating Kharitonov's theorem, closed‐loop time constant (λ) guidelines have been provided for the first‐order delayed unstable process (FODUP). Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Studies on preparation and properties of vinyltriethoxysilane‐grafted styrene‐butadiene rubber
Authors: Changjie Yin , Qiuyu Zhang , Dezhong Yin , Junwei Gu , Guangbi Gong , Tao Liang
Published: September 2010

Graft polymerization of vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) onto styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) was carried out in latex using benzoic peroxide (BPO) as an initiator. The concentration of VTES effecting on vulcanization characteristics, mechanical properties and thermal properties of VTES‐grafted SBR (SBR‐g‐VTES) were investigated. The grafting of VTES onto SBR and its pre‐crosslinking were confirmed by attenuated total teflectance‐Fourier transform infrared reflectance and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The mechanism of graft polymerization was studied. The results revealed that the minimum torque, optimum cure time, tensile strength, thermal decomposition temperature, and glass transition temperature (Tg) all increased with the increasing concentration of VTES. But the grafting efficiency of VTES, rate of vulcanization, and elongation at break of the SBR‐g‐VTES decreased. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Therapeutic effects of acrobatic exercise and magnetic field exposure on functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice
Authors: Ahmed Zaghloul , Wagdy Mekhael , Benjamin Merel , Mohamed Salah , Mohamed Hossam , Ahmed Sahar , Kanjilal Baishali , Wieraszko Andrzej
Published: September 2010

The effects of acrobatic exercise and magnetic stimulation (MS) in mice applied either separately or in combination while on recovery after spinal cord injury have been investigated. This progress has been compared in six groups of animals. The first two groups consisted of non‐injured and injured animals, respectively, which were not exposed to any treatment. The third group included injured animals that participated in an acrobatic exercise and were exposed to MS applied at the frequency of 1 Hz. The animals in the fourth group were exposed to the MS (1 Hz) only, without performing any acrobatic exercises. While the mice in the fifth group participated in the acrobatic exercise and were exposed to MS at 15 Hz, the animals in group six received an acrobatic exercise without exposure to MS. The effects of the treatment were evaluated with the Basso Mouse Scale, the Horizontal Ladder Scale, and the Abnormal Posture Scale. While all groups showed improvement at the end of the study period, the animals that received exercise combined with 1 Hz MS demonstrated the best functional improvement. The animals exposed to the MS applied at a frequency of 15 Hz combined with acrobatic exercise, and those animals that were engaged in exercise and were not exposed to the MS, performed the worst. The area of the spared white matter at the lesion center correlated well with functional recovery and was greatest in the animals that received MS (1 Hz) combined with exercise. Bioelectromagnetics 32:49–57, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Internal pilots for observational studies
Authors: Gurka Matthew J. , Coffey Christopher S. , Gurka Kelly K.
Published: September 2010

Study planning often involves selecting an appropriate sample size. Power calculations require specifying an effect size and estimating “nuisance” parameters, e.g. the overall incidence of the outcome. For observational studies, an additional source of randomness must be estimated: the rate of the exposure. A poor estimate of any of these parameters will produce an erroneous sample size. Internal pilot (IP) designs reduce the risk of this error ‐ leading to better resource utilization ‐ by using revised estimates of the nuisance parameters at an interim stage to adjust the final sample size. In the clinical trials setting, where allocation to treatment groups is pre‐determined, IP designs have been shown to achieve the targeted power without introducing substantial inflation of the type I error rate. It has not been demonstrated whether the same general conclusions hold in observational studies, where exposure‐group membership cannot be controlled by the investigator. We extend the IP to observational settings. We demonstrate through simulations that implementing an IP, in which prevalence of the exposure can be re‐estimated at an interim stage, helps ensure optimal power for observational research with little inflation of the type I error associated with the final data analysis.
Simulation of Adhesion Forces Based on van der Waals Interactions between Rough Particles and Smooth Walls in Gaseous Environment
Authors: Schmidt E.
Published: September 2010

Es wird ein Rechenprogramm vorgestellt, das zur Berechnung von Haftkraftverteilungen beliebig geformter Partikeln verwendet werden kann. Grundlage ist die Berechnung der einzelnen Wechselwirkungen zwischen den beteiligten Atomen respektive Molekülen der Kontaktpartner und Überlagerung derselben zu einer resultierenden Gesamtwechselwirkung. Am Beispiel von Rauigkeiten wird gezeigt, dass extrem bimodale Verteilungen bei identischen Partikeln entstehen können.