bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosialisasi Implementasi ABSS (Asian Business Software Solution) Accounting v.27 di SMAN 4 Padang
Authors: Komalasari Sanda Patrisia , Zai Creaktivina Faozi , Fahlevi Reza , Firdasari Yuliana , Anjani Hanum Yashthafi , Silmi Silmi , Oktavia Fitriyeni
Published: December 2023

Manual accounting systems are no longer possible to use in business processes. This is due to the increasing number of business transactions. Therefore, a computer accounting system needs to be implemented immediately. The implementation and use of computer accounting is not only limited to technical aspects but also requires an effective socialization process to ensure acceptance and proper use by users. Socialization can start with those who study accounting. The dedication of this article is the socialization of how to implement Asian Business Software Solution (ABSS) Accounting by applying it, which is v.27 at SMAN 4 Padang. This service activity explained the basic concepts of accounting computers and identified the benefits obtained from their use so that SMAN 4 Padang students can apply them. Of the 34 students who participated in this service activity, 60.6% said that this activity increased their knowledge and motivation to study, while another 39.4% said it was helpful. According to the participants, this service activity had quite an impact on them.
Edukasi Titik Kritis Kehalalan Produk Pangan, Kosmetik, dan Obat-Obatan Menggunakan Flowchart pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Analis Kimia (SMAKPA) Padang
Authors: Hanifa Dini , Rustini Rustini , Putra Purnawan Pontana
Published: December 2023

Halal products are crucial for consumers. In Islam, halal and wholesome food consumption is vital for maintaining physical and spiritual well-being. The Indonesian government mandates halal product certification by Law No. 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Assurance. The critical points in determining the halal status of a product refer to processes or ingredients in its production that may potentially involve, contain, or mix with haram substances. Nevertheless, many students lack a clear understanding of halal and haram principles. This knowledge is essential to help students avoid using forbidden ingredients in Islamic teachings. Padang Chemical Analyst High School (SMAKPA) students are the targets of this service because vocational school students must have work-ready skills. Before the education session, a pre-test was conducted to assess the student's understanding of the material presentation. Education was delivered using a flowchart to enhance engagement and comprehension. The content encompasses the concepts of halal and haram in Islam, the responsible parties for halal certification, halal logos, and the analysis of critical points in the halal status of food, cosmetics, and medications. Following the material presentation, a post-test was administered, followed by a question and answer session to evaluate the students' understanding. Pre-tests and post-tests were employed to assess student comprehension, with pre-test scores averaging 99 and post-test scores at 99.5. Through this educational initiative, students gain a comprehensive understanding of the Critical Points of Halal Status in Food, Cosmetics, and Medications using a flowchart
The poetic specificity of Gilda's "On the Death of Britain" and the "Hesperica Famina": a pragmatic aspect and a dominant analysis. On the 135th anniversary of the birth of B. I. Yarkho (1889-1942)
Authors: Kuprin Aleksandr Sergeevich
Published: December 2023

Τhis article deals with the work of the British writer Gildas the Wise "On the Ruin of Britain" and the poetic text "Hisperica Famina", written in the British archipelago (presumably in Ireland). Both works are written in Latin and represent milestones in the history of the Hiberno-British literature of late antiquity and the early Middle Ages. There is no consensus about dating to a year or at least a decade for both texts. "On the Ruin of Britain" was written presumably in the late V — early VI centuries; the Hisperica Famina are usually attributed to the second half of the VII century. "On the Ruin of Britain" contains a brief historical sketch and an protracted invective against the kings and clergy of Britons. The Hisperica Famina represent the Latin versification practice of Hibernian scribes. The methodological ideas of Boris I. Yarkho (1889-1942), set out in his fundamental work "A Methodology of Precise Literary Studies", serve as a conceptual basis for this research. On its basis, the author of the article identifies complexes of stylistic features and their compositional distribution which reflects poetic dominants common to Gildas and the author of the Hisperica Famina (so called faminator). The tendency of syntactic interlocking in the Hisperica Famina regularly prevails over the same tendency in "On the Ruin of Britain", it indicates that a specific attitude to the syntactical style, usual for the faminator and his poetic circle, began to form back in the Gildas's era. The common features of both texts show the prevalence of certain poetic dominants and can serve as a serious argument in defense of the thesis of the continuity from Gildas or writers of his circle to the faminator. The stylometry method may be very useful for comparing texts even if they they differ in genre and era.
The role of the accessory in a female interior portrait by E. Vigée Le Brun
Authors: Abramkin Ivan Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of female interior portraits created by E. Vigée Le Brun in Russia. The purpose of the study is to reveal the role of the accessory in the portrait concept of the French artist, which is characterized by close attention to the subject matter of painting. The relevance of the work is conditioned by the fact that a careful study of this group of works, which represent the model in a waist type, contributes both to the comparison with portraits that show the figure in a knee-high or full-length image and emphasize three-dimensional aspects in its interpretation, and to the identification of the specifics of E. Vigée Le Brun’s creative approach in creating different variants of interior portraiture. The research methodology is based on a combination of formal, comparative-historical and contextual analysis to determine the characteristic features of interior portraiture in the master's work. This research allows author to come to the conclusion that the accessory in the portrait concept of the French artist not only shows the interests of the model and her family virtues, but also enhances the expressiveness of the work and the individuality of the person portrayed. At the same time, it should be noted that the treatment of accessories demonstrates signs of some action rather than active involvement in it, and thus has a conventional character, typologically corresponding to the widespread variant of the semi-ceremonial male portrait as a statesman. In addition, E. Vigée Le Brun's approach to this type of interior portrait has a number of characteristic features, which include convincing and compact posture, bright color, intense lighting, considerable attention to the painting of the costume and the special role of accessories for individualizing the model's look.
Transtorno alimentar em pacientes pós cirurgia bariátrica
Authors: Prates Fernanda Lacerda , Reis Júlia Furtado dos , Mendonça Júlia Rodrigues de Senna , Araújo Lívia Fagundes dos Anjos , Barbosa Sofia de Lamatta , Chaves Beatriz Amaral , Almeida Giovana Karoline Seabra de , Pinto Karine Mayra Braz Santana , Guimarães Matheus Teixeira Silva , Almeida Carolina Trancoso de
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Expor a ocorrência de transtornos alimentares no pós-operatório da cirurgia bariátrica e avaliar o impacto dos transtornos na recorrência da obesidade. Revisão bibliográfica: Quanto à ocorrência dos transtornos alimentares entre pacientes que realizam a cirurgia bariátrica, foi encontrado que o quadro é frequente, principalmente naqueles que apresentam obesidade em grau elevado. Ademais, os transtornos são mais frequentes nos primeiros 24 meses de pós-operatório. A partir dos resultados encontrados, observa-se que os transtornos alimentares podem influenciar significativamente o prognóstico, a perda de peso e a recorrência da obesidade. No entanto, o papel da cirurgia no desenvolvimento de transtornos alimentares ou na evolução de distúrbios pré-existentes ainda não está bem estabelecido. Considerações finais: Destaca-se a necessidade de uma abordagem multidisciplinar no tratamento da obesidade, associando a cirurgia com outras intervenções como o acompanhamento psicológico. Assim, será possível reduzir os impactos psíquicos dessa intervenção e intensificar os resultados positivos.
Depressão e fadiga em mulheres com Esclerose Múltipla, após fim do isolamento social pela pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Machado Eduarda Faria Abrahão , Moraes Andrea Gomes , David Ana Cristina de
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Verificar o comportamento dos sintomas depressivos, da fadiga, do equilíbrio postural e da caminhada em mulheres com Esclerose Múltipla (EM), antes do isolamento e após o fim do isolamento social, medida instaurada pela pandemia da Covid-19. Métodos: A amostra desse estudo longitudinal, prospectivo, incluiu 15 mulheres com EM. Pela escala de doença determinada pelo paciente (PDDS) categorizamos dois grupos, sem incapacidade ao caminhar (GSI) e com incapacidade (GCI). Avaliamos, em dois momentos, a presença de sintomas depressivos pelo inventário de Beck (BECK-II), severidade da fadiga (FSS) e seu impacto (MFIS), equilíbrio postural (posturografia) e caminhada (teste de caminhada de 25 pés). Para comparar as variáveis coletadas nos diferentes momentos utilizamos teste t pareado. Resultados: Encontramos melhoras significativas e tamanho de efeito moderado (p<0.05 e ES>0.50) nos sintomas depressivos e fadiga, do GCI, após fim do isolamento. Não encontramos diferenças significativas nas demais comparações. Conclusão: Como principal achado nosso estudo mostrou que para o GCI o retorno ao convívio social foi o suficiente para uma melhora significativa de sintomas depressivos e fadiga. Reforçamos, assim, a importância do cuidado em saúde direcionado ao domínio psicossocial na população de mulheres com EM e incapacidade ao caminhar.
Application of experiment planning methods in expert procedures for machine learning of a resource distribution model in fire response
Authors:   University of Technology, Vilisov Valeriy Yakovlevich , Khabibulin Renat Shamil'yevich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Intellectualization of control systems, including decision support systems, is an urgent need in the field of fire management. There are various types of support for decision makers. The paper focuses on mathematical and referential support, which makes it possible, on the basis of machine-learned optimization models, to prepare for the decision maker a set of suboptimal solutions consistent with his system of preferences. As a basis for the distribution of limited resources of fire and rescue units with simultaneous calls, a transport model is used, the parameters of the payoff function of which are trained on a sample of retrospective data formed with the participation of an experienced decision maker. To select solutions, expert procedures are used that are optimized by experiment planning methods, which can significantly reduce the time to prepare a decision without losing its quality, which makes the study relevant. Purpose of research. The purpose of the article is to construct and illustrate algorithms for applying the principles of optimal design of an experiment in the procedures for expert evaluation of options for distributing homogeneous resources of fire and rescue units over simultaneous calls. Methods. Methods of optimization, expert evaluation, machine learning of optimization models, simulation modeling, experiment planning were used. Results and discussion. The proposed technology for accelerating expert procedures for choosing the optimal distribution of homogeneous resources of fire and rescue units for simultaneous calls based on the principles of optimal planning of the experiment is illustrated by the example of two fire and rescue units and three calls. This example shows the effect of reducing the number of necessary assessments performed by decision makers by more than 70 %. In the case of distribution of different types of resources for each of them, a separate procedure should be built, similar to that described in this article. Conclusion. The results of a study of the application of the principles of optimal design of an experiment to speed up expert procedures for choosing by a decision maker the best option for distributing limited resources of fire and rescue units between simultaneous calls are presented. The proposed algorithm seems appropriate to be included in the expert system for supporting the management of fires. Keywords: fire and rescue unit; simultaneous calls; resources; transportation task; expert assessments; experiment planning; decision maker.
Investigation of thermally expanding flame retardants by thermal analysis for use in the Arctic region
Authors:   Ural Institute of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Golovina Ekaterina Valerievna , Kalach Andrey Vladimirovich ,   Voronezh State Technical University
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article presents the results of the study of flame-retardant swelling materials based on silicone binder and epoxy resin-based methods of synchronous thermal analysis. A comparative analysis of the results of thermogravimetric, differential-thermogravimetric analysis and differential-scanning calorimetry was carried out. The relevance of the use of fire protection means at oil and gas industry facilities located in the Arctic regions is substantiated. The thermoanalytical characteristics of the analyzed flame retardants have been studied, allowing to assess the heat resistance and flammability. Purpose and objectives. The purpose of this article is to analyze the thermophysical properties of flame-retardant swelling compounds based on epoxy resins and silicone binder in relation to the conditions of hydrocarbon combustion, characteristic of the oil and gas industry. To achieve this purpose, the following tasks were solved: - investigation by methods of thermal analysis of thermally expanding flame retardants based on epoxy resins as a binder; - analysis of bulging flame-retardant coatings based on silicone binder by thermal analysis methods; - comparative analysis of thermo-oxidative degradation of the studied fire-protective materials. Methods. Methods of synchronous thermal analysis were used in the study: thermogravimetric method, differential thermogravimetric method, scanning calorimetry method. Results and discussion. As a result of the study, similarities in the flow of physico-chemical processes in thermally expanding flame retardants based on silicone binder and based on epoxy resins were revealed. Three main peaks of mass loss on the TG curve are identified, and the temperature intervals at which the greatest mass loss is observed are highlighted. As a result of the study by differential scanning calorimetry, the thermal effects of the analyzed flame retardant materials were studied. Conclusions. Based on the results of thermal analysis, it is concluded that the heat resistance of flame retardant coatings based on epoxy binder is higher compared to silicone flame retardant. Keywords: thermally expanding flame retardants; method of synchronous thermal analysis; thermoanalytical characteristics; thermal resistance; flammability.
A model of visual fire detection in textile production buildings during exploration by gas and smoke protection service units
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Mikhailov Kirill Andreevich , Kazantsev Semen Grigorievich ,   Ivanovo Fire and Rescue Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Terebnev Vladimir Vasilievich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Tarakanov Denis Viacheslavovich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. This study analyzed a model of visual fire detection in textile production buildings. It was found that the search performance used in the calculation is a constant. However, in the case of search by reconnaissance teams without monitoring equipment, the search performance decreases with an increase in the smoke cover of the premises. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to improve the model of estimation of probability of visual fire detection in buildings by gas and smoke rescue squads, taking into account the change of search performance of search teams. The aim of the investigation is to develop a mathematical model of estimation of probability (efficiency) of visual fire detection in the buildings of textile productions. Methods. To achieve the purpose of the study, we used methods of scientific knowledge: analysis, mathematical logic. To describe the process of search of source of a fire we have used a mathematical model of the type "birth-death". Results and discussion. The result of the lead research is the modified model of estimation of probability of visual fire detection in a building of textile manufactures. The analytical solution of the "birth-death" model is received, provided that the search (breeding) performance is a function of the death rate, that is, decreases over time from the maximum value to a minimum, and it is found that the law of decreasing performance search is not linear. On the basis of the received data, it has become possible to determine time of search of fire origin with the set probability of visual detection for cases of change of optical properties in a zone of search. A comparison of modeling results with original and modified models has been made. The results obtained can be used when planning actions of fire-fighting subdivisions on extinguishing fires in buildings of textile productions, and also when determining an order of equipping subdivisions with breathing apparatuses and monitoring means. Conclusions. A modification of the model of estimation of probability of visual fire detection in the buildings of textile manufactures has been made. The result received extends the area of application of the given methodology in practical work of fire protection divisions at the organization of fire focuses' reconnaissance. Keywords: fire search; monitoring tools; textile production; probability of visual detection; fire and rescue units.
Influence of room height on estimated fire detection time
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Kalmykov Sergey Petrovich , Tokarev Viktor Nikolaevich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Within the framework of this article, a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the influence of the height of the room on the estimated time of fire detection was carried out. Purpose. Assessment of the effect of the room height on the estimated fire detection time. Methods. Using the Fire Dynamics Simulator software system used to simulate the fire process, numerical experiments were carried out to study the fire detection time, which is considered in this article as an interval from the moment of fire start to reaching the values of optical density of smoke, at which point smoke fire detectors are triggered. Results and their discussion. As a result of numerical modeling of fire in rooms of different heights, data on the change in the optical density of smoke in the initial stage of fire are established. Based on the information received, the estimated time of fire detection by automatic fire alarm was determined according to the algorithms of triggering A and B at different values of permissible sensitivity for point smoke fire detectors, taking into account the height of the room. The results of numerical experiments can be used for expert assessment of the design time of fire detection as a "technical" component of the evacuation start time taken into account when determining the individual fire risk and conditions for safe evacuation of people. Conclusions. It was found that the height of the room has a slight impact on the estimated fire detection time. However, this effect is manifested in the case of the operation of point smoke detectors at the upper threshold of permissible sensitivity. To take into account the time of fire detection as part of the evacuation start time, further study of this issue is required with comparison of modeling results with the results of field experiments. Keywords: optical density of smoke; fire alarm; evacuation start time; fire detection time.
Actual aspects of managing the technical readiness of mobile fire extinguishing equipment
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Sorokoumov Vladimir Petrovich
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Currently, a situation is emerging that requires new solutions to problems by the management bodies of organizational and staff structures at various levels, since their volume and nature are constantly changing. To solve emerging problems, it is necessary to introduce new methods and algorithms for assessing the readiness of units, which will allow the use of technologies that are relevant at a given time. Today, there are no unified approaches to assessing the readiness of technical means of EMERCOM of Russia, which affects the subjectivity of the readiness assessment. As a result, operability failure can lead to the impossibility of performing the assigned tasks of rescuing people, extinguishing fires and carrying out actions in emergency situations. Therefore, the assessment of the readiness of fire and rescue units for action requires the development of new specific solutions. Goals and objectives of the study. Development of an assessment of the technical readiness of the fire and rescue unit using the proposed algorithms. The study of existing models for assessing the readiness of fire and rescue units in the EMERCOM of Russia. Research methods. During the study, methods of system analysis were used Results and their discussion. Based on the results of the analysis, the most significant requirements were identified that determine the readiness of fire and rescue units that affect the process of managing technical support when maintaining the readiness of mobile fire extinguishing equipment during their operation. Presented are modern approaches to assessing the readiness of fire and rescue units, the parameters for assessing the readiness of fire and rescue units, which are one of the main elements of organizing the operation of technical equipment in fire and rescue units. An algorithm for assessing the technical readiness of fire and rescue units is proposed. Conclusion. The results obtained in the course of the research are proposed to be used in determining the technical readiness of fire and rescue units that are part of the EMERCOM of Russia system and in determining promising areas of research in this area. Keywords: fire and rescue division; state of readiness (object); criteria for assessing the state of the technical facility; coefficient of technical readiness.
Proposals on rationing the number of specialized fire and rescue units of Federal Fire Service of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Ishchenko Andrew Dmitrievich , Androsenko Sergey Gennadyevich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Kirichenko Konstantin Yurievich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article considers approaches to the organizational and staff structure of specialized fire and rescue units of the federal fire service of the state fire service. On the basis of the studied literature devoted to the analysis of the staff structure of specialized fire and rescue, units from the point of view of the expediency of creating separate structural units, taking into account the risks available in the territory of the subject of the forces of the unified state system of prevention and liquidation of emergency situations, units performing similar functions are identified. The insufficiency of the forces of the Unified State System of Prevention and Liquidation of Emergency Situations capable of sufficiently prompt response in the initial stage of an emergency situation has been revealed. It is proposed to revise the organizational structure of specialized fire and rescue units from the currently existing one distributed by services to a structure focused on the concentration of forces of specialized fire and rescue units on the implementation of the existing task in a given period of time. Methods. To obtain the results, general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition were used - analysis, generalization, comparisons, descriptions. Results. The insufficiency of the forces of the Unified State System of Prevention and Liquidation of Emergency Situations capable of sufficiently prompt response in the initial stage of an emergency situation has been revealed. The approximate arrangement of personnel of specialized fire and rescue units of the federal fire service of the state fire service on the basis of the discharge is proposed. Research application field. The results of the study can be put into the formation of a structure to expand the capabilities of specialized fire and rescue units of the federal fire service of the state fire service, as a component of the most operational of life support services, which will contribute to increasing the level of response of the unified state system of emergency prevention and response in general. Conclusions. The data obtained during the study will form part of the work on the scientific justification of the creation, equipment and long-term development of services (groups) of specialized emergency rescue units. Keywords: fire protection; specialized fire and rescue unit; staff structure; types of work; discharge.
The concept of developing an information system for decision-making in the management of maintenance of a multicomponent fire protection system
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Safronov Nikolay Alekseevich , Smirnov Andrey Vladimirovich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Tarakanov Denis Viacheslavovich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The problem of managing the maintenance of multicomponent fire protection systems at industrial enterprises involves the use of a large amount of information with a significant time limit on its processing and simultaneous achievement of several goals by the control system. In addition, it is extremely important for fire protection systems to comply with the established deadlines for the maintenance of all elements of the system. In this regard, in order to make timely, reasonable and rational decisions, there is a need to develop an information and analytical decision support system for managing the maintenance of multicomponent fire protection systems. The need to develop this system is also due to the annual growth and development of fire protection systems, which include new issues and set tasks for optimizing and modernizing the maintenance of systems themselves. Goals and objectives. Study of the problem of management during maintenance of a multicomponent fire protection system, as well as research and development of a typical block diagram of a multicomponent fire protection system. Methods. The method of estimating the level of fire protection of objects - the Gretener method - was applied in the research. Results and discussion. The analysis of the management problem during the maintenance of a multicomponent fire protection system is carried out, and a method for adapting a typical model to the actual one is developed. Conclusion. As a result of the work carried out, a software tool will be created that includes a relational structure, control panels and analytical modules for forming maintenance schemes for elements of a multicomponent fire protection system at the enterprise. This information system of decision support in the management of maintenance of multicomponent fire protection systems will contribute to the smooth operation of all elements of the system at industrial enterprises, which will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of managerial decision-making during its maintenance, as well as avoid material costs in case of failure of any element of the system. Keywords: maintenance; multi-component fire protection system; enterprise; management.
Consideration of the material consequences of fires in the determination risk categories of control objects
Authors:   Department of Supervision and Preventive Work of EMERCOM of Russia, Zobkov Denis Valer'yevich , Poroshin Aleksandr Alekseevich ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of EMERCOM of Russia, Kondashov Andrei Alexandrovich ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of EMERCOM of Russia, Sorokin Vladimir Alexandrovich ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Based on the provisions of the Federal Law dated of July 31, 2020 № 248-FZ "On State Control (Supervision) and Municipal Control in the Russian Federation", the issues of improving the decision-making mechanism by officials of the state fire supervision authorities on attributing objects of control to a certain risk category are considered. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to further develop the methodology for determining the risk categories of control objects, taking into account the various components of harm (damage) to legally protected values caused by fire. The issues of accounting not only for the social consequences of fires, but also for material damages from them are considered. The objective of the study is to improve the mathematical model that describes the decision-making mechanism for the categorization of control objects in the field of fire safety. Methods. To solve the problem, the methods of probability theory, mathematical statistics, the provisions of control theory and the formalization of decision-making procedures were applied. Results and discussion. Directions for improving the mathematical model describing the decision-making mechanism for assigning control objects to a certain risk category are proposed. The proposals are based on the calculation of the probability of fires with material consequences at the objects of control classified as state and municipal property, as well as at the objects of control with more than one right holder carrying out economic activity. Mathematical dependencies are given to determine the acceptable and expected risk of causing material damage from a fire on these types of control objects. The issues of creating a single criterion for categorizing control objects while simultaneously taking into account the social and material consequences of fires are considered. Conclusions. Proposals have been developed to amend the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 12, 2012 No. 290 "On Federal State Fire Supervision". The proposals are related to the improvement of the decision-making mechanism by officials of the state fire supervision bodies to classify control objects as a certain risk category based on taking into account not only the social consequences of fires, but also the potential danger associated with the occurrence of material consequences of fires. Keywords: risk-based approach; object of control; social and material damage; risk category; state and municipal property.
Formation factors of the pre-evacuation time for people in hospitals
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Samoshin Dmitriy Aleksandrovich , Istratov Roman Nikolaevich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Aniskina Yuliya Andreevna ,   Main Directorate of EMERCOM of Russia for Smolensk Region, Prystupyuk Dmitry Nikolaevich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Kochetygov Vladimir Anatolyevich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Serkov Boris Borisovich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article considers the question of the nature and degree of influence of factors that have a dominant influence on the start time of evacuation of the main functional contingent of medical institutions with a hospital. Numerous studies have established that the start time of evacuation is a random variable formed under the influence of many different circumstances. At the same time, in order to estimate the most probable values of the evacuation start time, it is generally impossible to take into account all the many factors, which means it is necessary to establish a limited set of them, the influence of which will be dominant. Goals and objectives. The purpose of this work is to determine the final list of factors and the degree of their influence on the formation of the start time of evacuation of the main functional contingent of medical institutions with a hospital. Methods. The analysis of the published results of studies of the time of the beginning of evacuation allowed us to identify not only the factors whose influence in this case will be dominant, but also to determine the nature of their impact on the studied value. In turn, the degree of influence was estimated using an additive factor model. Results and discussions. As a result of this work, it was found that for medical hospitals, the key indicators affecting the value of the evacuation start time are the level of fire-fighting training of personnel, the features of the automatic fire alarm system and the warning and evacuation management system in case of fire, as well as the current time of day (sleep state). At the same time, the nature of the influence of the first two factors will be additive, while the latter, on the contrary, will be multiplicative. Conclusion. Thus, the result of this study was the establishment of a set of factors, the influence of which must be taken into account when assessing the values of the start time of evacuation of the main functional contingent of medical institutions with a hospital, as well as when planning and conducting appropriate experimental studies. Keywords: evacuation start time; fire; medical institutions with a hospital; level of fire-fighting training; influencing factors.
Determination of methane-air cloud explosion parameters with considering the form of obstacles
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Teterin Ivan Alexandrovich , Sulimenko Vladimir Anatolyevich ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The development of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) market in the Russian Federation requires additional measures to ensure the fire and explosion safety of this segment of the economy. The issues of predicting the parameters of an explosion of a vapor-gas-air mixture of LNG require taking into account a large number of factors. The parameters of the explosion are significantly affected by obstacles in the path of the flame front propagation. Numerous studies of the effect of barriers have created a large theoretical base, however, there are no data that reflect the effect of the shape of the barrier on the parameters of the explosion. The complexity of the process of studying an explosion in an open space requires finding ways to extrapolate data obtained in leaky vessels to open spaces. Tests were carried out in leaky vessels with barriers in the form of aluminum hollow tubes of circular cross section with a diameter of 8, 10, 12, 20 mm, square with edges of 20 mm, plates 50 mm wide located at different angles to the flame front. Goals and objectives. Determine the effect of various forms of obstacles on the parameters of the explosion of the methane-air mixture. Analyze the reasons for the difference in explosion parameters for obstacles with different shapes. To study the experience of domestic and foreign specialists. Determine the possibility of extrapolation of data obtained in leaky vessels for the case of an explosion in an open space. Methods. To achieve the tasks set, we used the methods of the theory of similarity and laboratory modeling, physical experiment, observation, comparison, finding empirical dependencies, description, generalization. Results and their discussion. It has been established that round-shaped barriers lead to larger explosion parameters compared to square-section barriers. The same permeability for barriers of different streamlining leads to different parameters of the maximum explosion pressure. The necessity of conducting a series of experiments in open space for approbation of the obtained results in open spaces was determined. Conclusion. The results of the study showed that more streamlined obstacles lead to greater pressure build-up parameters. In practice, this fact can be used to reduce the explosion parameters, which will reduce explosive distances, make production more compact, and optimize the production process. Keywords: barriers; liquefied natural gas; methane; streamlining; shape; explosion; prediction.
Physicochemical and thermal transformations of naturally aged gas-filled polymer thermal insulation
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Alisher Aminzoda Muminiyon , Andrey Borisovich Sivenkov ,   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. In the process of operation, various materials are subjected to prolonged exposure to environmental factors, which can lead to irreversible physical and chemical changes that affect not only their service life, but also fire safety. In this regard, the study of the influence of natural ageing on the features of the combustion process, fire hazard characteristics of thermal insulation materials is relevant. Aims and objectives. The aim of the work is to evaluate the physicochemical and thermal transformations of polymer gas-filled thermal insulation (expanded polystyrene foam) of long-term natural ageing. Methods. A set of physicochemical methods, namely X-ray phase analysis, infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis methods (TG, DTG, DSC) were used to study the physicochemical nature and thermal stability of naturally aged polystyrene foam. Results and discussion. In the work the technical condition of polymer thermal insulation was assessed on the objects: cinema "Udarnik" (Russia, Moscow), 1927-1930 year of construction and a residential building (Tajikistan, Vahdat), 2014 year of construction. The method of X-ray phase analysis for polystyrene foam of natural ageing revealed a decrease in crystallinity. The change in the phase state of polymer thermal insulation indicates the thermal fluctuation nature of the processes associated with its natural aging and leading to a change in the ordering of the arrangement of individual macromolecular sites of aromatic hydrocarbon. At the same time, under the conditions of natural ageing there is a decrease in the apparent density of polystyrene foam by 20-41 %. By method of infrared spectroscopy the greatest changes are established in areas of characteristic absorption bands 3057...2846 cm-1, and also 1500...1450 cm-1, that testifies to destabilisation of hydrocarbon chains of macromolecules of polystyrene foam of natural ageing. The character of thermo-destructive transformations is established for the investigated samples, the tendency of expansion of the main section (335...470 °С) in comparison with the samples without natural ageing (360...450 °С) is revealed. The identified features of physicochemical and thermal transformations of naturally aged polystyrene foam can lead to changes in the intensity of the combustion process and heat release. Conclusion. According to the results of the study it is established that in the process of natural ageing in gas-filled polymers irreversible physical and chemical changes occur under the influence of environmental factors. Deterioration of the technical condition of polymer thermal insulation during its operation can lead to changes in the characteristics of fire hazard, features of its combustion and heat release when exposed to fire. Keywords: thermal insulation; polymers; polystyrene foam; fire hazard; service life; natural ageing.
Genetic influence on osteoporosis and fracture risk: Outcome of genome-wide association studies – A systematic review
Authors: Sadat-Ali Mir , Al-Turki Rasha A. , Al-Turki Haifa A. , Almohaya Mohammed S.
Published: December 2023

This systematic review aimed to identify genome-wide association studies (GWASs) highlighting the genes and single-nucleotide polymorphisms linked to osteoporosis and fragility fracture risk. We searched the search engines EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Citation Index, and Cochrane database of systematic reviews between 2005 and May 2022. The articles were reviewed individually for risk of bias and found no variances in the papers designated for analysis. We analyzed 63 studies with 1,326,798 patients, which included postmenopausal and premenopausal women. Thirty-one studies used dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for the diagnosis. Three studies used ultrasonography, and one used peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) to diagnose osteoporosis. For the risk of fragility fractures, 15 studies with 744,123 were analyzed, which used DXA in 12, two studies of ultrasonography, and one of radiography. Three studies were reported in premenopausal women and three in children with 18,203 subjects. Our analysis showed that 150 genes, 515 loci that target bone mineral density and 15 loci that increase fracture risk in osteoporosis have been identified. Osteoporosis and fragility fractures are common in the Saudi Arabian population. The GWAS gives an understanding of the genetic basis of low bone density, osteoporosis, and fragility fractures. The GWAS data can provide new pathways to understanding the etiology of osteoporosis and a route to prevention and optimum treatment. Hence, we believe that we should conduct GWASs on osteoporosis sooner rather than later so that we can advise at-risk individuals to change their lifestyle so that they can limit complications of osteoporosis and related complications.
Implementing the quantum fanout operation with simple pairwise interactions
Authors: Fenner Stephen , Wosti Rabins
Published: December 2023

It has been shown that, for even $n$, evolving $n$ qubits according to a Hamiltonian that is the sum of pairwise interactions between the particles, can be used to exactly implement an $(n+1)$-qubit fanout gate using a particular constant-depth circuit~[\href{https://arXiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0309163}{arXiv:quant-ph/0309163}]. However, the coupling coefficients in the Hamiltonian considered in that paper are assumed to be all equal. In this paper, we generalize these results and show that for all $n$, including odd $n$, one can exactly implement an $(n+1)$-qubit parity gate and hence, equivalently in constant depth an $(n+1)$-qubit fanout gate, using a similar Hamiltonian but with unequal couplings, and we give an exact characterization of the constraints that the couplings must satisfy in order for them to be adequate to implement fanout via the same circuit.}{In particular, we show the following:Letting $J_{ij}$ be the coupling strength between the $\ordth{i}$ and $\ordth{j}$ qubits, the set of couplings $\{J_{ij}\}$ is adequate to implement fanout via the circuit above if and only if there exists $J>0$ such that 1. each $J_{ij}$ is an odd integer multiple of $J$, and 2. for each $i$, there are an even number of $j\ne i$ such that $J_{ij}/J \equiv 3\pmod{4}$.
Adversarial guesswork with quantum side information
Authors: Avirmed Baasanchimed , Niinomi Kaito , Dall'Arno Michele
Published: December 2023

The guesswork of a classical-quantum channel quantifies the cost incurred in guessing the state transmitted by the channel when only one state can be queried at a time, maximized over any classical pre-processing and minimized over any quantum post-processing. For arbitrary-dimensional covariant classical-quantum channels, we prove the invariance of the optimal pre-processing and the covariance of the optimal ost-processing. In the qubit case, we compute the optimal guesswork for the class of so-called highly symmetric informationally complete classical-quantum channels.
سياسة الدولة العثمانية تجاه الإمارات الكردية في كردستان (1514-1851م)
Authors: حسن ملوك فائزة
Published: December 2023

كان دخول كردستان تحت السيطرة العثمانية عام 1514م بعد معركة جالديران بداية للعلاقات السياسية بين الكرد والعثمانيين بتوقيع اتفاق السلطان العثماني سليم الأول (1512-1520م) في تلك السنة مع قادة الإمارات الكردية على الوقوف إلى جانب الدولة العثمانية في حروبها على أن تعترف الأخيرة باستقلالية الإمارات الكردية. ومنذ هذه اللحظة أصبح هناك منعطفًا كبيرًا في تاريخ العلاقات العثمانية – الكردية إذ أصبحت معظم المناطق الكردية تابعة للدولة العثمانية، ونتيجة لمشاركة الكرد العثمانيين في حروبهم ضد جيرانهم الصفويين لا سيما بعد المعركة السابقة فقد أقر السلاطين العثمانيون بشرعية وسلطة الأمراء الكرد في إماراتهم الوراثية وسمحت الدولة العثمانية بتشكيل عديد من الإمارات الكردية، وصل عددها إلى ثلاثين إمارة رئيسة مثل إمارات بهدينان، وسوران، وبوتان، وبابان بعد توقيع الدولة العثمانية مع تلك الإمارات اتفاقية صداقة وتحالف عام 1515م. لكن لم تلتزم الدولة العثمانية بالاتفاقيتين السابقتين لتحقيق عدة منافع لها على حساب إضعاف الكيانات السياسية في كردستان بإشعال النزاعات والمشكلات بين الإمارات والزعامات الكردية ما عرف باسم سياسة فرق تسد والتدخل العثماني في شؤونهم، وتحقيق مكاسب مالية من قِبَل الأمراء الكرد الطامعين في الحصول على منصب الإمارة فضلاً عن المغالاة في فرض الضرائب وانتشار عمليات السلب والنهب بالإمارات الكردية مما أدى إلى ظهور عدة انتفاضات كردية احتجاجًا على تلك السياسة والدفاع عن حقوقهم، ومع حلول القرن التاسع عشر استهدفت السياسة العثمانية إعادة السيطرة المركزية على كردستان لتحقيق هدفها الأكبر وهو سقوط الإمارات الكردية القائمة منذ عدة قرون.

وما تبع ذلك من قيام عدة انتفاضات كردية وقد تم ذلك على فترات متقاربة خلال القرن التاسع عشر حتى سقوط آخر إمارة بها عام 1851م.

ولم تكتف بذلك بل عمدت إلى إبعاد الأمراء الكرد وعائلاتهم إلى مناطق بعيدة عن كردستان لمنعهم من القيام بأية ثورات في المستقبل.

من هنا جاء مشكلة البحث مركزة على النقاط التالية:

كيف تمكنت الدولة العثمانية من فرض سيطرتها على كردستان؟

كيف تمت عثمنة كردستان سياسيًا وإداريًا؟

ما هي طبيعة السياسة العثمانية تجاه الأمراء الكرد؟

ما هي الأسباب التي دفعت الدولة العثمانية إلى نقض اتفاقية الصداقة والتحالف مع الإمارات الكردية؟

إلى أي مدى وصلت السياسة التعسفية تجاه الإمارات الكردية؟

ما هو ردود فعل الأمراء الكرد تجاه السياسة العثمانية التعسفية؟

كيف واجهت السلطات العثمانية الانتفاضات الكردية؟

إلى أي مدى نجحت الدولة العثمانية في فرض السلطة المركزية على كردستان؟ وما أثره على حكم الإمارات؟

لماذا لجأت الدولة العثمانية إلى سقوط الإمارات الكردية؟

كيف تصدت الدولة العثمانية إلى الانتفاضات الكردية جراء محاولة سقوط الإمارات الكردية؟

إلى أي مدى وصلت الأوضاع السياسية والإدارية لكردستان عقب سقوط إماراتها؟
Practicum of Early Childhood Teacher Students in Pandemic Times: A Narrative Perspective
Authors: Silva-Peña Ilich , Hizmeri Julio , Hormazábal-Fajardo Roxana , González-García Gustavo , Rojas-Rodríguez Bessie , Jara-Illanes Enriqueta
Published: December 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic affected teacher education; universities had to adapt quickly through emergency pedagogy. One problem that emerged was the relationship between schools and teacher students. The situation was more critical in early childhood teacher education than in others. The conditions forced them to adjust to the absence of children in the student teachers’ practicum. This article addresses the relational problem in a practicum in early childhood teacher education. Through a narrative inquiry with two early childhood education teacher students, we give an account of learning experiences in different educational spaces. During the analysis, two concepts emerged: ‘the classroom taste’ and ‘presence’ in teacher education. The research allows us to reflect on the essential focus of the practicum in early childhood teacher education from the perspective of these two concepts.