bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological distress, resettlement stress, and lower school engagement among Arabic-speaking refugee parents in Sydney, Australia: A cross-sectional cohort study
Authors: Baker Jess R. , Silove Derrick , Horswood Deserae , Al-Shammari Afaf , Mohsin Mohammed , Rees Susan , Eapen Valsamma
Published: July 2021

Background

Schools play a key role in supporting the well-being and resettlement of refugee children, and parental engagement with the school may be a critical factor in the process. Many resettlement countries have policies in place to support refugee parents’ engagement with their children’s school. However, the impact of these programs lacks systematic evaluation. This study first aimed to validate self-report measures of parental school engagement developed specifically for the refugee context, and second, to identify parent characteristics associated with school engagement, so as to help tailor support to families most in need.

Methods and findings

The report utilises 2016 baseline data of a cohort study of 233 Arabic-speaking parents (77% response rate) of 10- to 12-year-old schoolchildren from refugee backgrounds across 5 schools in Sydney, Australia. Most participants were born in Iraq (81%) or Syria (11%), and only 25% spoke English well to very well. Participants’ mean age was 40 years old, and 83% were female. Confirmatory factor analyses were run on provisional item sets identified from a literature review and separate qualitative study. The findings informed the development of 4 self-report tools assessing parent engagement with the school and school community, school belonging, and quality of the relationship with the schools’ bilingual cultural broker. Cronbach alpha and Pearson correlations with an established Teacher–Home Communication subscale demonstrated adequate reliability (α = 0.67 to 0.80) and construct and convergent validity of the measures (p < 0.01), respectively.

Parent characteristics were entered into respective least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses. The degree of parents’ psychological distress (as measured by the Kessler10 self-report instrument) and postmigration living difficulties (PLMDs) were each associated with lower school engagement and belonging, whereas less time lived in Australia, lower education levels, and an unemployed status were associated with higher ratings in relationship quality with the schools’ cultural broker. Study limitations include the cross-sectional design and the modest amount of variance (8% to 22%) accounted for by the regression models.

Conclusions

The study offers preliminary refugee-specific measures of parental school engagement. It is expected they will provide a resource for evaluating efforts to support the integration of refugee families into schools. The findings support the need for initiatives that identify and support parents with school-attending children from refugee backgrounds who are experiencing psychological distress or resettlement stressors. At the school level, the findings suggest that cultural brokers may be effective in targeting newly arrived families.
Levels of cross-resistance to pyrethroids conferred by the Vssc knockdown resistance allele 410L+1016I+1534C in Aedes aegypti
Authors: Silva Juan J. , Kouam Cedric N. , Scott Jeffrey G.
Published: July 2021

Aedes aegypti is a primary vector of viral pathogens and is responsible for millions of human infections annually that represent critical public health and economic costs. Pyrethroids are one of the most commonly used classes of insecticides to control adult A. aegypti. The insecticidal activity of pyrethroids depends on their ability to bind and disrupt the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC). In mosquitoes, a common mechanism of resistance to pyrethroids is due to mutations in Vssc (hereafter referred as knockdown resistance, kdr). In this study, we found that a kdr (410L+V1016I+1534C) allele was the main mechanism of resistance in a pyrethroid-resistant strain of A. aegypti collected in Colombia. To characterize the level of resistance these mutations confer, we isolated a pyrethroid resistant strain (LMRKDR:RK, LKR) that was congenic to the susceptible Rockefeller (ROCK) strain. The full-length cDNA of Vssc was cloned from LKR and no additional resistance mutations were present. The levels of resistance to different pyrethroids varied from 3.9- to 56-fold. We compared the levels of resistance to pyrethroids, DCJW and DDT between LKR and what was previously reported in two other congenic strains that share the same pyrethroid-susceptible background (the ROCK strain), but carry different kdr alleles (F1534C or S989P + V1016G). The resistance conferred by kdr alleles can vary depending on the stereochemistry of the pyrethroid. The 410L+1016I+1534C kdr allele does not confer higher levels of resistance to six of ten pyrethroids, relative to the 1534C allele. The importance of these results to understand the evolution of insecticide resistance and mosquito control are discussed.
The interactive effect of pH variation and cadmium stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth, physiological and biochemical parameters
Authors: Ur Rahman Shafeeq , Xuebin Qi , Riaz Luqman , Yasin Ghulam , Noor Shah Adnan , Shahzad Umbreen , Shah Jahan Muhammad , Ditta Allah , Amjad Bashir Muhammad , Rehim Abdur , Du Zhenjie
Published: July 2021

Anthropogenic activities such as mining, manufacturing, and application of fertilizers release substantial quantities of cadmium (Cd) into the environment. In the natural environment, varying pH may play an important role in the absorption and accumulation of Cd in plants, which can cause toxicity and increase the risk to humans. We conducted a hydroponic experiment to examine the impact of pH on cadmium (Cd) solubility and bioavailability in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under controlled environmental conditions. The results showed that Cd concentration was significantly reduced in wheat with an increase in pH from 5 to 7, while it was dramatically increased at pH ranging from 7 to 9. However, in both cases, a significant reduction in physiological traits was observed. The addition of Cd (20, 50, and 200 μmol L-1) at all pH levels caused a substantial decline in wheat growth, chlorophyll and carotenoids contents, nutrient availability, while elevated cell membrane damage was observed in terms of electrolytic leakage (EL), osmoprotectants, and antioxidants activity. In our findings, the negative effects of acidic pH (5) on wheat growth and development were more pronounced in the presence of Cd toxicities. For instance, Cd concentration with 20, 50, and 200 μmol L-1 at acidic pH (5) reduced shoot dry biomass by 45%, 53%, and 79%, total chlorophyll contents by 26%, 41%, 56% while increased CAT activity in shoot by 109%, 175%, and 221%, SOD activity in shoot by 122%, 135%, and 167%, POD activity in shoot by 137%, 250%, and 265%, MDA contents in shoot by 51%, 83%, and 150%, H2O2 contents in shoot by 175%, 219%, and 292%, EL in shoot by 108%, 165%, and 230%, proline contents in shoot by 235%, 280%, and 393%, respectively as compared to neutral pH without Cd toxicities. On the other hand, neutral pH with Cd toxicities alleviated the negative effects of Cd toxicity on wheat plants by limiting Cd uptake, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and increased nutrient availability. In conclusion, neutral pH minimized the adverse effects of Cd stress by minimizing its uptake and accumulation in wheat plants.
Impact of assumptions on future costs, disutility and mortality in cost-effectiveness analysis; a model exploration
Authors: Omidvari Amir-Houshang , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris , de Koning Harry J. , Meester Reinier G. S.
Published: July 2021

Introduction

In cost-effectiveness analyses, the future costs, disutility and mortality from alternative causes of morbidity are often not completely taken into account. We explored the impact of different assumed values for each of these factors on the cost-effectiveness of screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).

Methods

Twenty different CRC screening strategies and two EAC screening strategies were evaluated using microsimulation. Average health-related expenses, disutility and mortality by age for the U.S. general population were estimated using surveys and lifetables. First, we evaluated strategies under default assumptions, with average mortality, and no accounting for health-related costs and disutility. Then, we varied costs, disutility and mortality between 100% and 150% of the estimated population averages, with 125% as the best estimate. Primary outcome was the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained among efficient strategies.

Results

The set of efficient strategies was robust to assumptions on future costs, disutility and mortality from other causes of morbidity. However, the incremental cost per QALY gained increased with higher assumed values. For example, for CRC, the ratio for the recommended strategy increased from $15,600 with default assumptions, to $32,600 with average assumption levels, $61,100 with 25% increased levels, and $111,100 with 50% increased levels. Similarly, for EAC, the incremental costs per QALY gained for the recommended EAC screening strategy increased from $106,300 with default assumptions to $198,300 with 50% increased assumptions. In sensitivity analyses without discounting or including only above-average expenses, the impact of assumptions was relatively smaller, but best estimates of the cost per QALY gained remained substantially higher than default estimates.

Conclusions

Assumptions on future costs, utility and mortality from other causes of morbidity substantially impact cost-effectiveness outcomes of cancer screening. More empiric evidence and consensus are needed to guide assumptions in future analyses.
Trajectories of frailty in aging: Prospective cohort study
Authors: Verghese Joe , Ayers Emmeline , Sathyan Sanish , Lipton Richard B. , Milman Sofiya , Barzilai Nir , Wang Cuiling
Published: July 2021

Background

Emerging evidence suggests that there is significant variability in the progression of frailty in aging. We aimed to identify latent subpopulations of frailty trajectories, and examine their clinical and biological correlates.

Methods

We characterized frailty using a 41-item cumulative deficit score at baseline and annual visits up to 12 years in 681 older adults (55% women, mean age 74·6 years). Clinical risk profile and walking while talking performance as a clinical marker of trajectories were examined. Mortality risk associated with trajectories was evaluated using Cox regression adjusted for established survival predictors, and reported as hazard ratios (HR). Proteome-wide analysis was done.

Findings

Latent class modeling identified 4 distinct frailty trajectories: relatively stable (34·4%) as well as mild (36·1%), moderate (24·1%) and severely frail (5·4%). Four distinct classes of frailty trajectories were also shown in an independent sample of 515 older adults (60% women, 68% White, 26% Black). The stable group took a median of 31 months to accumulate one additional deficit compared to 20 months in the severely frail group. The worst trajectories were associated with modifiable risk factors such as low education, living alone, obesity, and physical inactivity as well as slower walking while talking speed. In the pooled sample, mild (HR 2·33, 95% CI 1·30–4·18), moderate (HR 2·49, 95% CI 1·33–4·66), and severely frail trajectories (HR 5·28, 95% CI 2·68–10·41) had higher mortality compared to the stable group. Proteomic analysis showed 11 proteins in lipid metabolism and growth factor pathways associated with frailty trajectories.

Conclusion

Frailty shows both stable and accelerated patterns in aging, which can be distinguished clinically and biologically.
Acting against your own interests: The tension between emotion regulation preference and efficacy and its implications for individuals with depressive symptoms
Authors: Vered Rotem , Haim-Nachum Shilat , Levy-Gigi Einat
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was twofold: first, to compare individuals’ strategy choices in low and high intensity conditions and the actual efficacy of these strategies; second, to assess whether and how perceived intensity levels of aversive situations moderate the relationship between depressive symptoms and a strategies’ efficacy. In Experiment 1A (N = 58), we replicated previous results, showing that individuals prefer distraction in high- and reappraisal in low-intensity conditions, irrespective of depressive symptom levels. Experiment 1B (N = 50) assessed the efficacy of distraction and reappraisal strategies in aversive conditions with low and high intensity. Contrary to our prediction, reappraisal was more effective than distraction, independent of the intensity of the aversive conditions. In Experiment 2 (N = 113), we tested the interactive relationship between perceived intensity levels and depression on the relative effectiveness of reappraisal and distraction. We found that while in perceived low-intensity situations the advantage of distraction over reappraisal increased as depressive symptoms increased, no such relationship was found in high-intensity situations. The results suggest that while all individuals prefer to apply reappraisal in both low- and high-intensity conditions, for those with high level of depressive symptoms, such a preference acts against their own interests. The study highlights the need to distinguish between emotion regulation preferences and their actual efficacy, while illuminating possible implications for individuals with depressive symptoms.
Evaluating the association of adverse childhood experiences, mood and anxiety disorders, and suicidal ideation among behavioral health patients at a large federally qualified health center
Authors: Damian April Joy , Oo May , Bryant Daniel , Gallo Joseph J.
Published: July 2021

Although numerous studies have examined the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and suicide, research is needed that studies the effects of specific ACEs, including subclasses of ACEs, independent of the effect of other ACEs. We explored the relationship between ACEs and suicidal ideation (SI) with special attention to patterns according to generation cohort (millennials: 22–37 years old, generation X: 38–53 years old, and baby boomers: 54–72 years old), and assessed the extent to which mood and anxiety disorders account for the relationship between ACEs and suicidal ideation. Patients in behavioral healthcare services of a large federally qualified health center (n = 4,392) were assessed at baseline on ACEs, SI, and mood and anxiety disorders. Logistic regression modeling was used to examine the data. Emotional neglect was the strongest predictor of SI among Millennials (OR = 1.59), Generation X (OR = 1.81), and Baby Boomers (OR = 1.88) after controlling for mood and anxiety disorders, race/ethnicity, and gender. Findings suggest ACEs predict an increased likelihood of having SI over and above the influence of mood and anxiety disorders, in models adjusted for gender and race/ethnicity. Across generations, the association with suicidal ideation was strongest for any child abuse and neglect, but not for household dysfunction. The observed association of ACEs with suicidal ideation suggests that ACEs should be considered as a risk factor and incorporated into screening assessments for suicidal ideation. Lastly, additional research on the association of ACEs and suicidality in individuals not actively being managed in behavioral healthcare settings is also warranted.
Intention to receive vaccine against COVID-19 and associated factors among health professionals working at public hospitals in resource limited settings
Authors: Ahmed Mohammedjud Hassen , Kanfe Shuma Gosha , Jarso Mohammedamin Hajure
Published: July 2021

Backgrounds

Health professionals are among the frontline of COVID-19 pandemic exposure and identified as a priority target group that need to receive COVID-19 vaccines. However, intention to receive vaccine is still matters the extent of COVID-19 vaccinations among health professionals. This study aimed to assess intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine and the factors that will determine their intention among health professionals working at public hospitals of Illu Aba Bora and Buno Bedelle zone hospitals.

Methods

A cross-sectional study design was applied to assess the intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines among health professionals working in public health hospitals of Illu Aba Bora and Buno Bedelle zone hospitals. Self-administered questionnaire were used for assessing intention to receive COVID-19 Vaccine. Multiple linear regressions were performed to identify factors associated with intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine with p-value< 0.05 as cutoff point for statistical significance at 95% confidence interval (CI).

Result

In this study, almost half of respondents 217(53.1% [95.0%: CI 49.3–58.9]) of study participants scored above the mean. Attitude (β = 0.54, 95% CI: [0.49, 0.63], p<0.01), knowledge (β = 0.27, 95% CI: [0.21, 0.35], p<0.01, perception (β = 0.43, 95% CI: [0.39, 0.56], p = 0.02 and age (β = 0.64, 95% CI: [0.51, 0.72], p<0.01 were variables associated with intention to receive vaccine against COVID-19.

Conclusions

This study result indicated that the overall magnitude of intention to receive COVID-19 is low. increasing attitudes, knowledge and perception among health professionals related to COVID-19 vaccine will helps to increase the overall intention to receive vaccine against COVID-19.
Preferences for work arrangements: A discrete choice experiment
Authors: Valet Peter , Sauer Carsten , Tolsma Jochem
Published: July 2021

This study investigates individual preferences for work arrangements in a discrete choice experiment. Based on sociological and economic literature, we identified six essential job attributes—earnings, job security, training opportunities, scheduling flexibility, prestige of the company, and gender composition of the work team—and mapped these into hypothetical job offers. Out of three job offers, with different specifications in the respective job attributes, respondents had to choose the offer they considered as most attractive. In 2017, we implemented our choice experiment in two large-scale surveys conducted in two countries: Germany (N = 2,659) and the Netherlands (N = 2,678). Our analyses revealed that respondents considered all six job attributes in their decision process but had different priorities for each. Moreover, we found gendered preferences. Women preferred scheduling flexibility and a company with a good reputation, whereas men preferred jobs with high earnings and a permanent contract. Despite different national labor market regulations, different target populations, and different sampling strategies for the two surveys, job preferences for German and Dutch respondents were largely parallel.
Molecular fossils illuminate the evolution of retroviruses following a macroevolutionary transition from land to water
Authors: Zheng Jialu , Wang Jianhua , Gong Zhen , Han Guan-Zhu
Published: July 2021

The ancestor of cetaceans underwent a macroevolutionary transition from land to water early in the Eocene Period >50 million years ago. However, little is known about how diverse retroviruses evolved during this shift from terrestrial to aquatic environments. Did retroviruses transition into water accompanying their hosts? Did retroviruses infect cetaceans through cross-species transmission after cetaceans invaded the aquatic environments? Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) provide important molecular fossils for tracing the evolution of retroviruses during this macroevolutionary transition. Here, we use a phylogenomic approach to study the origin and evolution of ERVs in cetaceans. We identify a total of 8,724 ERVs within the genomes of 25 cetaceans, and phylogenetic analyses suggest these ERVs cluster into 315 independent lineages, each of which represents one or more independent endogenization events. We find that cetacean ERVs originated through two possible routes. 298 ERV lineages may derive from retrovirus endogenization that occurred before or during the transition from land to water of cetaceans, and most of these cetacean ERVs were reaching evolutionary dead-ends. 17 ERV lineages are likely to arise from independent retrovirus endogenization events that occurred after the split of mysticetes and odontocetes, indicating that diverse retroviruses infected cetaceans through cross-species transmission from non-cetacean mammals after the transition to aquatic life of cetaceans. Both integration time and synteny analyses support the recent or ongoing activity of multiple retroviral lineages in cetaceans, some of which proliferated into hundreds of copies within the host genomes. Although ERVs only recorded a proportion of past retroviral infections, our findings illuminate the complex evolution of retroviruses during one of the most marked macroevolutionary transitions in vertebrate history.
Evolution of the interactions between GII.4 noroviruses and histo-blood group antigens: Insights from experimental and computational studies
Authors: Liang Yu , Wang Wei Bu , Zhang Jing , Hou Jun Wei , Tang Fang , Zhang Xue Feng , Du Li Fang , Su Ji Guo , Li Qi Ming
Published: July 2021

Norovirus (NoV) is the major pathogen causing the outbreaks of the viral gastroenteritis across the world. Among the various genotypes of NoV, GII.4 is the most predominant over the past decades. GII.4 NoVs interact with the histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) to invade the host cell, and it is believed that the receptor HBGAs may play important roles in selecting the predominate variants by the nature during the evolution of GII.4 NoVs. However, the evolution-induced changes in the HBGA-binding affinity for the GII.4 NoV variants and the mechanism behind the evolution of the NoV-HBGA interactions remain elusive. In the present work, the virus-like particles (VLPs) of the representative GII.4 NoV stains epidemic in the past decades were expressed by using the Hansenula polymorpha yeast expression platform constructed by our laboratory, and then the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based HBGA-binding assays as well as the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations combined with the molecular mechanics/generalized born surface area (MMGBSA) calculations were performed to investigate the interactions between various GII.4 strains and different types of HBGAs. The HBGA-binding assays show that for all the studied types of HBGAs, the evolution of GII.4 NoVs results in the increased NoV-HBGA binding affinities, where the early epidemic strains have the lower binding activity and the newly epidemic strains exhibit relative stronger binding intensity. Based on the MD simulation and MMGBSA calculation results, a physical mechanism that accounts for the increased HBGA-binding affinity was proposed. The evolution-involved residue mutations cause the conformational rearrangements of loop-2 (residues 390–396), which result in the narrowing of the receptor-binding pocket and thus tighten the binding of the receptor HBGAs. Our experimental and computational studies are helpful for better understanding the mechanism behind the evolution-induced increasing of HBGA-binding affinity, which may provide useful information for the drug and vaccine designs against GII.4 NoVs.
Defining experimental animation: A follow-up
Authors: Taberham Paul
Published: July 2021

This article offers further reflections on a chapter I published in the anthology Experimental Animation: From Analogue to Digital. I begin by exploring the reticence artists and critics have shown in attempting to define what experimental animation is, and I then offer a way to provide a definition without delimiting what it is or can be. Subsequent to this, three additional traits of experimental animation are added to the original list of defining features that were published in the original article. They are as follows: the subversion of unchecked assumptions about filmic experience, a willingness to potentially alienate viewers, and the application of symbolism in which viewers might not be able to discern the artist’s original intentions. Following this, the unique relationship experimental animation has with the commercial realm (notably in idents, title sequences and music videos) is also considered. Finally, the conclusion points towards the experimental animator’s creative process as a further avenue of exploration.
The dance of the hand: Len Lye’s direct films
Authors: Horrocks Roger
Published: July 2021

Len Lye’s animation has a special relationship with physical materials and the body because of the ways he drew and scratched his images directly onto film. This article considers what is unusual about his aesthetic, with its emphasis on kinaesthetic styles of viewing and on ‘physical empathy’. Tracking Lye’s film work from the 1930s through the 1950s, it draws connections with the body-oriented aspects of abstract expressionist art. It also relates the films to Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s ‘embodied’ approach to phenomenology. Today Lye’s films need to be digitized, and that transfer raises interesting questions about the differences between analogue and digital aesthetics. What happens when his films move from the ‘black box’ of the cinema to the ‘white cube’ of the gallery or museum where they are digitally presented? The article also considers Lye’s kinetic sculpture as another body-oriented form of animation, in which the motor replaces the projector. His sculpture again raises questions about mixing the analogue with the digital.
Painterly focused Chinese ink animation: Seeing through the cultural lens of the Xiang system
Authors: Chen Chen
Published: July 2021

Chinese ink animation has won worldwide respect for its ethereal and refined approach to ink painting. From the 1950s to 1980s, the Shanghai Animation Film Studio produced a number of award-winning ink animations. These animations share a unique traditional Chinese aesthetic based on Chinese literature and philosophy. However, the complex and long hand-made production process is one of the factors that caused the decline of Chinese ink animation following the 1980s. Since the millennium, three-dimensional ink modelling and digital painting technology have contributed to the revival of Chinese ink animation. This article summarizes the development of the production process of Chinese ink animation, together with its artistic features in both the analogue and digital age. Theoretically, this article focuses on a Chinese poetic framework, ‘the Xiang system’, as both a creative strategy for producing Chinese ink animation and an analytical lens to critique it.
Eduardo Prado Coelho: notas sobre um percurso dissidente
Authors: Moreira João
Published: July 2021

Este artigo lança alguns dados sobre o percurso político do intelectual português Eduardo Prado Coelho (1944-2007), entre os anos de 1968 e 1986. Com uma abordagem focada na sua intervenção pública – particularmente a que decorria através da sua participação nas publicações de opinião e nos jornais generalistas – e na sua correspondência privada, este estudo inicial procura evidenciar e explanar, ainda que de forma exploratória, sucessivos períodos da vida político-partidária de um dos mais marcantes intelectuais da segunda metade do século XX.
Anti-isolamento, divergência e alternativa: a copy art enquanto prática artística dissidente
Authors: Ministro Bruno
Published: July 2021

Partindo de um entendimento expandido da noção de dissidência, neste artigo argumentar-se-á que as práticas artísticas conhecidas como eletrografia e copy art se caracterizam, por um lado, como uma forma radical de dissidência em relação ao sistema editorial e ao mundo da arte, apresentando, por outro, as suas próprias alternativas. Assim, não só os seus trabalhos tomam a forma de publicações experimentais que desestabilizam os conceitos tradicionais de obra e autoria, como, nesse mesmo movimento, apresentam propostas de canais contra-hegemónicos de comunicação e de cooperação entre artistas.
Transgressões sexuais femininas segundo os processos inquisitoriais de sodomia (1591-1639)
Authors: Leão Indira
Published: July 2021

A sociedade moderna portuguesa de matriz judaico-cristã fixou um modelo sexual heteronormativo somente aceitável dentro do matrimónio. O Tribunal do Santo Ofício foi uma das instituições que puniu dissidências sexuais como a sodomia. Recorremos a casos excecionais de mulheres que se desviaram do modelo normativo de feminilidade vigente na época, tendo cometido os delitos de sodomia foeminarum e sodomia heterossexual condenados pela Inquisição de Lisboa entre 1591 e 1639. Esta documentação é essencial para entender a perceção e o posicionamento inquisitoriais acerca de desvios sexuais femininos, além de configurar casos notáveis de transgressão sexual numa sociedade que reprimia práticas sexuais que não tivessem como único fim a procriação.
The augment use in the five oldest Odes of Pindar
Authors: De Decker Filip
Published: July 2021

In this short article I discuss the augment use in Pindar's five oldest Odes (based on the text of the editions by Snell & Maehler' in the Teubner and Race in the Loeb), namely Pythian 10 (498 BC), Pythian 6 (490), Pythian 12 (490), Olympian 14 (488, if correctly dated) and Pythian 7 (486). As the augment use in Pindar has never been studied in detail before and commentaries often do not mention it, I use the observations made for epic Greek as basis, more specifically that the augment is used to refer to foregrounded actions and actions in the recent past, and that it remains absent when actions in a remote or mythical past are related. I start by outlining these observations, then I determine which (un)augmented forms in Pindar are secured by the metre (the transmission of Pindar's Odes has not been unproblematic) and at the end apply the epic observation to the metrically secure forms of these five Odes. My investigation will show that the verb forms referring to the near-deixis (the victor's deeds, his origins and those of his city and the mythical characters with whom he is compared), are augmented, whereas the forms referring to other (mythical) actions remain unaugmented, but, as was the case with epic Greek, there are nevertheless also exceptions.
παρακοπὰ, moneda de mala ley en Esquilo
Authors: Llagüerri Pubill Núria , Morenilla Carmen
Published: July 2021

El v.223 de Agamenón de Esquilo trata un tema central en la obra, la cadena de errores en un mismo linaje, y el término parakopa interpretado en su significado literal, que está relacionado con la acuñación de moneda, aporta un significado adicional que se va desarrollando a lo largo de la obra. Este significado refuerza la importancia que el concepto de la unidad del linaje tiene en las obras de Esquilo.
Una aproximación a la descortesía verbal en los insultos entre Esquines y Demóstenes
Authors: Fornieles Raquel
Published: July 2021

Desde el punto de vista de las teorías de la (des)cortesía verbal, el insulto es un face-threatening act (FTA), un acto de habla descortés que amenaza la imagen (face) del interlocutor y con el que el hablante tiene la clara intención de ofenderlo. Este trabajo ofrece un análisis de los insultos que Esquines y Demóstenes se profieren mutuamente cuando apelan a su adversario con un vocativo en cuatro discursos: Contra Ctesifonte y Sobre la embajada fraudulenta de Esquines y Sobre la corona y Sobre la embajada fraudulenta de Demóstenes. Se parte del trabajo seminal de Culpeper (basado en el modelo de cortesía de Brown & Levinson, pero opuesto a él en términos de face) y de las posteriores revisiones de las superestrategias de descortesía empleadas por el hablante para expresarse de forma descortés que él identifica. Los resultados del estudio evidencian dos tendencias en los contextos analizados: bald on record impoliteness (descortesía descarnada: el FTA se realiza de un modo directo, claro y conciso) y, sobre todo, sarcasm or mock politeness: (cortesía fingida: el FTA se realiza usando estrategias de cortesía insinceras).
Dacriocistorrinostomía Endoscópica
Authors: Fernandez Cascon Sara , De las Heras Florez Paula , Herrero Agustin Javier , Santos Perez Jaime , Gil-Carcedo Sañudo Elisa , Morales Medina Gabriela
Published: July 2021

Introducción y objetivo: La patología crónica de la vía lagrimal es frecuente en nuestros días, y su tratamiento quirúrgico se realiza mediante técnicas de dacriocistorrinostomia (DCR), pudiendo ser por abordaje externo o endonasal. El objetivo de dicho artículo, es la realización de una revisión de la DCR endoscópica, sus indicaciones, técnica quirúrgica y las posibles complicaciones: Método: Revisión narrativa. Resultados y conclusiones: La tasa de éxito obtenida con un abordaje endonasal endoscópico, es muy similar al de la DCR externa, considerada el ‘’gold standard’’; ofreciendo ventajas respecto a ésta como la ausencia de cicatriz facial y evitar la manipulación canalicular, que puede llevar a posibles estenosis posteriores. La DCR endoscópica es una técnica quirúrgica relativamente sencilla y rápida para la que se necesita instrumental básico de cirugía endoscópica. Las posibles complicaciones son infrecuentes, y de fácil control.

estenosis.
Decolonize this art history: Imagining a decolonial art history programme at Kalamazoo College
Authors: Butler Anne Marie , Hahn Christine
Published: July 2021

This article presents a case study of a decolonized curriculum development in the Art History programme at the small liberal arts institution Kalamazoo College (Michigan, USA). It discusses the curriculum plan, methods for learning, assessment and potential applications for this approach beyond the case study. Paying attention to questions about the origins of art history, and its long-established methods and canon within the Western academy, this article proposes that any approach to decolonizing an art history curriculum must take into account the frameworks and methods of the knowledge systems it employs, must continually assess, reflect and hold accountable those who participate in its implementation and maintenance, and, importantly, must recognize that decolonization work is a necessarily messy and ongoing process.
Die Hölle von Theresienstadt als Paradiesgarten im nationalsozialistischen Propagandafilm
Authors: Raab Jürgen , Stanisavljevic Marija
Published: July 2021

Der Artikel nähert sich der Hölle von Theresienstadt über die historische Realität des Lagers als Teil der nationalsozialistischen Vernichtungspolitik. Hierfür vermittelt er Einblicke aus dem «Vorhof der Hölle» wie er von Überlebenden in Interviews während einer Feldforschung in den Jahren 2017 und 2018 erinnert wurde. Vor diesem Hintergrund rekonstruieren und interpretieren wir die Realität des Ortes, wie sie vom nationalsozialistischen Propagandafilm «Theresienstadt. Ein Dokumentarfilm aus dem jüdischen Siedlungsgebiet» inszeniert wird. Anhand der Analyse ausgewählter Filmsequenzen entwickeln wir die These, dass der Propagandafilm eine spezifische Art und Weise der Repräsentation der politischen Ideologie des Nationalsozialimus darstellt.
Menschenrechtlicher Schutzrahmen für Betroffene von digitaler Gewalt
Authors: Lembke Ulrike
Published: July 2021

Ulrike Lembke befasst sich mit geschlechtsbezogener Gewalt als Menschenrechtsverletzung, welche vom Staat mit allen geeigneten Mitteln zu bekämpfen ist. Konkrete Staatenpflichten folgen aus der Istanbul-Konvention, der UN-Frauenrechtskonvention und der Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention. Menschenrechte gelten in Deutschland als internationales Recht und im Range eines Bundesgesetzes und sind von allen staatlichen Stellen anzuwenden. Sie müssen effektiven Schutz vor digitaler geschlechtsbezogener Gewalt gegen den Staat selbst, aber auch gegen Privatpersonen oder Unternehmen bieten. Freiheit von (auch digitaler) Gewalt ist eine unverzichtbare Voraussetzung für die politische Teilhabe von Frauen* und anderen Betroffenen von struktureller Diskriminierung und damit eine Funktionsbedingung von Demokratie.
Introduction
Authors: Schorch Philipp
Published: July 2021

Philipp Schorch introduces 'Curating (Post-)socialist Environments', which addresses questions such as: In which ways are environments (post-)socialist and how do they come about? How is the relationship between the built environment, memory and debates on identity enacted? What are the spatial, material, visual and aesthetic dimensions of these (post-)socialist enactments or interventions? And how do such (post-)socialist interventions in environments become (re)curated? This volume releases 'curation' from its usual museological framing and carries it into urban environments and private lifeworlds, from largely state-sponsored institutional settings with often normative orientations into spheres of subjectification, social creativity and material commemorative culture.
Erzählen im Imperativ
Authors: Ascher Franziska
Published: July 2021

Während sich die motivischen Parallelen zwischen Artusepen und Computerrollenspielen förmlich aufdrängen, erwartet man mediale Gemeinsamkeiten eher nicht. Doch im agonalen Handlungsschwerpunkt mittelalterlicher Texte scheint eine ludonarrative Logik auf, die mit der Interaktivität von Rollenspielen korrespondiert. Protagonist*innen werden Avatare, Lesende zu Spielenden. Totgeglaubtes mittelalterliches Erzählen kehrt wieder im neuen Medium. Ob Witcher oder Wigalois - Franziska Ascher webt ein dichtes Netz an Querverbindungen zwischen den historisch disparaten Gegenständen. Game Studies und Germanistische Mediävistik treten dabei in Dialog und profitieren voneinander.
Scheitern als Performance
Authors: Alber Nicole
Published: July 2021

Das Scheitern ist ein besonders sensibler Punkt im gesellschaftlichen Zusammenspiel. An der Schnittstelle von Kunst- und Sozialwissenschaft sucht Nicole Alber nach seinen Repräsentationen und Bedeutungen in der bildenden Kunst: Ausgewählte Werke der Videoperformance sollen Aufschluss über die politische Dimension von Motiven wie dem Fall oder dem Schiffbruch geben. Dabei wird deutlich: Bas Jan Ader, Cathy Sisler und Francis Alÿs setzen das Scheitern exzessiv, ironisch oder subversiv in Szene, um es radikal zu hinterfragen und inhaltlich neu zu besetzen. Sie ermutigen, das Scheitern anders zu denken, und eröffnen neue Handlungsräume.
Kämpfe um die Professionalisierung des Museums
Authors: Meyer Andrea
Published: July 2021

Um 1900 erkannten Museumsleute in Deutschland die Notwendigkeit der Professionalisierung: Es galt Arbeitsabläufe zu standardisieren, verbindliche ethische Richtlinien für die museale Praxis zu entwickeln und Ausbildungskonzepte einzuführen, die jenseits wissenschaftlicher Fachkenntnisse auf die komplexen Anforderungen des Museumsalltags vorbereiteten. Wie bewältigten die Akteur/-innen diese Herausforderungen? Welche Debatten lösten die auch international vorangetriebenen Reformen aus, welche Widerstände gab es? Andrea Meyer beantwortet Fragen wie diese am Beispiel der Zeitschrift Museumskunde und des Deutschen Museumsbundes, die beide eng mit dem Kunsthistoriker und Museumsdirektor Karl Koetschau (1868-1949) verbunden sind.
Efecto de las transferencias intergubernamentales sobre la calidad de la salud pública en los municipios mato-grossense
Authors: Pires da Silva Josimar , Almeida Santos Paulo Sergio , Martins dos Santos Carolina , Ferreira Mendes Nara Cristina
Published: July 2021

Esta investigación tiene el objetivo general de verificar en qué medida las transferencias intergubernamentales contribuyen a la calidad de la salud pública a nivel local en Brasil. En particular, se pretende medir cuantitativamente el impacto del Fondo de Participación Municipal (FPM) y los recursos del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) sobre la calidad de la salud en los municipios del província de Mato Grosso. A partir de una serie de datos relacionados con los indicadores de salud, durante un período de siete años (2010-2016), se construyó un índice de salud modificado, que se midió en base a diez indicadores de salud utilizados por el Tribunal de Cuentas del Estado de Mato Grosso (TCEMT) con el fin de evaluar la eficiencia y efectividad del sector salud en los municipios del província. Los resultados son convergentes con la literatura, ya que muestran que las transferencias intergubernamentales, especialmente las del FPM y los recursos al SUS, contribuyen a la calidad de la salud pública en los municipios de província de Mato Grosso. En general, los efectos marginales de las dos fuentes de recursos son levemente cercanos, aunque los recursos destinados exclusivamente al SUS tienen un efecto estadísticamente más significativo, mostrando que, en el caso específico de los municipios de Mato Grosso, los recursos intergubernamentales destinados al SUS, son fundamentales para que estos gobiernos mantengan un nivel razonable de calidad de los servicios prestados en el área de la salud.
El gobierno local y la transformación institucional y urbana en seguridad: Rosario, Argentina (1995-2016)
Authors: Ginga Luciana Noelia
Published: July 2021

Esta investigación se enfoca en reconstruir el modo en que se fue instalando la (in)seguridad como problemática en el municipio de Rosario, Argentina. Los objetivos giran en torno a rastrear el lugar del gobierno local en el posicionamiento estratégico de la urbe en el mapa nacional e internacional a través de la reconstrucción historiográfica en clave de historia de presente; y a indagar cómo el gobierno local ha ido asumiendo urbana e institucionalmente la producción de seguridad a través de una serie de iniciativas de prevención del delito desde 1995 a 2016. Se advierte a partir del análisis que lo local es revalorizado como escala para gobernar respondiendo a una reconfiguración del ejercicio del poder donde lo ubica como un gran traductor de los lineamientos de organizaciones internacionales en materia de políticas urbanas para la prevención del delito. Las ciudades comienzan a constituirse en un territorio propicio, en términos de escala, para poner en funcionamiento diversas experiencias que las conforman en laboratorios institucionales.
KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS DITINJAU DARI REGULASI EMOSI PADA IBU YANG MENDAMPINGI ANAK SEKOLAH DARI RUMAH
Authors: Fauziah Maya Arizqina , Arjanggi Ruseno
Published: July 2021

The increasing burden of mothers during the pandemic by accompanying children's learning during school from home in the pandemic is an additional burden that teachers have previously done in schools. The increasing responsibility of the mother stimulated a decrease in the feeling of well-being in mother. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that there is a positive relationship between emotional regulation and the psychological well-being of mothers who accompany their children to study from home during Covid 19 pandemic. Participants of this study were mothers who had children at the formal education stage in elementary school. A total of 110 mothers became participants in the scale try out of research instruments and 152 mothers joined as participants in the study. Two measuring instruments used in this research were emotional regulation scale and emotional well-being scale. Test result of emotional regulation scale obtained internal consistency α=0,77 and emotional well-being scale obtained internal consistency α=0,85. Hypothetical test by biserial correlation Pearson result found that emotional regulation correlated with emotional well-being. This study implies that better regulation of emotions that mothers have will contribute to improve psychological well-being.Bertambahnya beban ibu selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan mendampingi belajar anak selama bersekolah dari rumah merupakan beban tambahan yang sebelumnya banyak dilakukan oleh guru di sekolah. Bertambahkan tanggung jawab ini memungkinkan terjadinya penurunan perasaan sejahtera pada ibu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian yaitu ada hubungan positif antara regulasi emosi dengan kesejahteraan psikologis pada Ibu yang mendampingi anak sekolah dari rumah selama masa pandemic Covid-19. Partisipan penelitian ini yaitu 110 ibu sebagai partisipan uji coba alat ukur dan 152 ibu sebagai partisipan penelitian. Dua alat ukur digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu skala regulasi emosi dan skala kesejahteraan emosi. Hasil uji coba skala regulasi emosi diperoleh internal konsistensi α=0,77 dan skala kesejahteraan emosi diperoleh internal konsistensi α=0,85. Hasil uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan korelasi dari pearson menemukan bahwa regualsi emosi berkorelasi dengan kesejahteraan emosi. Penelitian ini memiliki implikasi bahwa semakin baik regulasi emosi yang dimiliki ibu akan memiliki kontribusi terhadap terbentuknya kesejahteraan psikologis yang semakin baik pula.
Hubungan Antara Berpikir Positif Dan Resiliensi Pada Mahasiswa Yang Sedang Menyelesaikan Skripsi
Authors: Muslimin Zidni Immawan
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the relationship between positive thinking and resilience among undergraduate students who are currently working on their thesis. The subjects of this study were 75 psychology students in UIN Sunan Kalijaga who are working on their thesis. The research variables were measured using positive thinking scale with aspects were taken from Albercht's theory, namely: positive expectations, self-affirmation, statements that do not assess, and conformity with reality. The Positive Thinking Scale consists of 48 items, with a discrimination index above 0.3 and reliability coefficient of 0.949. Meanwhile, the resiliance variable was measured by resilience scale developed using Grotberg theory (2003) with its aspects, namely: external support (I Have), Inner strengths (I Am), and interpersonal and problem-solving skills (I Can). The Resilience Scale consists of 51 items with discrimination index above 0.3 and reliability coefficient of 0.944. Hypothesis testing was carried out using Spearman Rho and the results showed correlation coefficient of 0.738 with p: 0.000 (p <0.01). These results proved there is a significant positive correlation between positive thinking and resilience. The effective contribution of positive thinking to students resilience was 60.7%.     Keywords: student thesis; positive thinking; resiliencePenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berpikir positif dan resiliensi pada mahasiswa yang sedang menyelesaikan skripsi. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah ada hubungan positif antara berpikir positif dan resiliensi. Adapun subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 75 mahasiswa Psikologi UIN Sunan Kalijaga yang sedang menyelesaikan skripsi. Variabel penelitian diukur dengan menggunakan skala berpikir positif yang aspek-aspeknya diambil dari teori Albercht, yaitu  : a. Harapan yang positif b. Afirmasi diri c. Pernyataan yang tidak menilai d. Pernyesuaian terhadap kenyataan. Skala Berpikir Positif terdiri dari 48 aitem, dengan koefisien daya diskriminasi di atas 0,3 dan koefisien reliabilitas  sebesar 0,949. Sedangkan untuk variable reliliensi diukur dengan skala resiliensi yang mengacu pada teori Grotberg (2003) dengan aspek-aspeknya yaitu : a. External support (I Have), b. Inner strengths (I Am), dan c. Interpersonal and problem-solving skills (I Can). Skala Resiliensi terdiri dari 51 aitem dengan koefisien daya diskriminasi di atas 0,3 dan koefisien reliabilitas  sebesar 0,944. Uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan Spearman Rho dan hasilnya diperoleh koefisien korelasi sebesar  0,738 dengan p : 0,000 (p<0,01). Dengan hasil ini membuktikan bahwa hipotesis dinyatakan diterima. Hal ini berarti ada hubungan positif yang sangat signifikan antara berpikir positif dan resiliensi. Adapun  sumbangan efektif berpikir positif terhadap kemampuan resiliensi sebesar 60,7 %.     Kata kunci : berpikir positif, mengerjakan skripsi, resiliensi,