bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Rasch modeling approach to analyzing students’ incorrect answers on multiple-choice questions
Authors: Salibašić Glamočić Džana , Mešić Vanes
Published: June 2022

An analysis of students’ difficulties for a curricular topic may help the educator to gain better insight into students’ reasoning about that topic which is a prerequisite for high-quality teaching. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate how distractor analysis may be used for identifying students’ difficulties in a certain topic. In order to be in position to perform invariant measurement and to easily relate students’ difficulties to their achievement levels, we decided to take a Rasch modeling approach. Our study included 14 wave optics items and 286 students from five universities in Slovenia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Rasch modeling was used to estimate item and student measures, as well as to create option probability curves which allowed us to relate students’ achievement levels to the choice of individual distractors. It has been found that all 14 included items function in line with the Rasch model. In 10 out of 14 items there were distractors chosen by at least 25% of students. For several out of these 10 items, the option probability curves indicated that attractiveness of individual distractors depended on students’ ability levels. We could conclude that the Rasch-based distractor analysis may provide very useful information for differentiation of physics instruction.
Морфологический анализ компонентов слизисто-эпителиального барьера при воспалительных заболеваниях кишечника
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России, Бернарделли Людмила , Мавликеев Михаил ,   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России, Завьялова Татьяна ,   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России, Бобровская Полина ,   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России, Борисенко Марина ,   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России, Галбацов Джамал ,   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России, Кабоев Филипп ,   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России, Некрасова Анна ,   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России, Расмагина Ирина ,   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России, Соловьева Наталья ,   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России, Деев Роман ,   ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России
Published: June 2022

Болезнь Крона (БК) и язвенный колит (ЯК) являются заболеваниями, важным звеном патогенеза которых является повышенная проницаемость слизисто-эпителиального барьера кишечника. Цель исследования – структурный анализ компонентов слизисто-эпителиального барьера при воспалительных заболеваниях кишечника.
К морфогенезу эксайтотоксического повреждения сетчатки (экспериментальное исследование)
Authors:   Кафедра анатомии и гистологии человека, Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, Должиков Александр , Победа Анна ,   Кафедра фармакологии и клинической фармакологии, Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, Соловьев Николай ,   Кафедра фармакологии и клинической фармакологии, Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, Шевченко Ольга ,   Кафедра микробиологии, Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, Должикова Ирина ,   Кафедра фармакологии и клинической фармакологии, Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет
Published: June 2022

Глаукома является всемирной медицинской, социальной и экономической проблемой, представляя одну из ведущих причин необратимой потери зрения. Главным изменением сетчатки при ней является гибель ганглионарных нейронов, вызванная эксайтотоксическим механизмом. Также возможны первичные или вторичные нарушения кровообращения в сетчатке.
Влияние полиоксидония на иммуноморфологические характеристики лимфоидной ткани при экспериментальном заражении личинками Trichinella spiralis белых мышей
Authors:   кафедра гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии «ФБГОУ ВО Кировский ГМУ Минздрава» России, Жданова Ольга , Руднева Ольга ,   ФГБНУ Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт паразитологии - филиал ВНИИЭВ им. К.И. Скрябина и Я.Р. Коваленко, Сидельникова Алевтина ,   кафедра патологическая анатомия и гистология, «ФБГОУ ВО Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России», Дьяконов Дмитрий ,   ФГБУН Кировский НИИ гематологии и переливания крови ФМБА России, Часовских Ольга ,   кафедра физиологии «ФБГОУ ВО Вятский государственный агротехнологический университет», Россохин Дмитрий ,   кафедра физиологии «ФБГОУ ВО Вятский государственный агротехнологический университет»
Published: June 2022

Изучение морфологических изменений в структуре лимфоидной ткани ассоциированной с кишечником и селезенки при трихинеллезе и на фоне иммунокоррекции инвазионного процесса полиоксидониием.
Изменения интерлейкинов в слезной жидкости при диабетической ретинопатии
Authors:   Тамбовский филиал ФГАУ «НМИЦ «МНТК «Микрохирургия глаза» им. акад. С. Н. Фёдорова», Лев Инна
Published: June 2022

Неоспоримо ведущая роль диабетической ретинопатии, как ведущей причины снижения остроты зрения в трудоспособном и пожилом возрасте, определяет ее актуальность изучения, в том числе иммунологических аспектов патогенеза для улучшения диагностики и лечения данной офтальмологической патологии. В настоящее время недостаточно изучены изменения интерлейкинов слезной жидкости у пациентов пожилого возраста, страдающих диабетической ретинопатией.
Нейроглиальная реакция сенсомоторной коры головного мозга крыс при субтотальной ишемии
Authors:   Кафедра гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Макарьева Любовь , Коржук Михаил ,   Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова, Акулинин Виктор ,   Кафедра гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Степанов Сергей ,   Кафедра гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Шоронова Анастасия ,   Кафедра гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Авдеев Дмитрий ,   Кафедра гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России
Published: June 2022

Изучить структурные изменения нейронов и глиальных клеток, дать морфометрическую характеристику нейроглиальных взаимоотношений сенсомоторной коры (СМК) белых крыс после необратимой двусторонней перевязки общих сонных артерий (ПОСА).
Association between hyperhomocysteinemia, proliferation and polyploidization of hepatocytes
Authors:   Department of Medical Biology, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Chuchkova Natalya , Pazinenko Ksenia ,   Department of Medical Biology, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Smetanina Marina ,   Department of Medical Biology, Izhevsk State Medical Academy
Published: June 2022

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a factor in the development of non–alcoholic fatty liver dystrophy. Aim of research is to find out the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia on the regenerative process of liver cells.
Extraction of common properties of objects for creation of a logic ontology
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kosovskaya Tatiana M. , Kosovskii Nikolai N. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: June 2022

The paper describes an approach to the formation of ontology based on descriptions of objects in terms of the predicate calculus language. With this approach, an object is represented as a set of its elements, on which a set of predicates is defined that defines the properties of these elements and the relationship between them. A description of an object is a conjunction of literals that are true on elements of an object. In the present work, ontology is understood as an oriented graph with descriptions of subsets as nodes and such that the elements of a set at the end of an oriented edge have the properties of the elements of the set at the beginning of this edge. Three settings of an ontology construction problem are considered: 1) all predicates are binary and subsets of the original set of objects are given; 2) all predicates are binary and it is required to find subsets of the original set; 3) among the predicates there are many-valued ones and subsets of the original set of objects are given. The main tool for construction such a description is to extract an elementary conjunction of literals of predicate formulas that is isomorphic to subformulas of some formulas. The definition of an isomorphism of elementary conjunctions of atomic predicate formulas is given. The method of ontology construction is formulated. An illustrative example is provided.
Procedure for regularization of bilinear optimal control problems based on a finite-dimensional model
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Arguchintsev Alexander V. , Srochko Vladimir A. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: June 2022

An optimization problem of a linear system of ordinary differential equations on a set of piecewise continuous scalar controls with two-sided restrictions is considered. The cost functional contains the bilinear part (control, state) and a control square with a parameter, which plays the role of a regularization term. An approximate solution of the optimal control problem is carried out on a subset of piecewise constant controls with a non-uniform grid of possible switching points. As a result of the proposed parametrization, reduction to the finite-dimensional problem of quadratic programming was carried out with the parameter in the objective function and the simplest restrictions. In the case of a strictly convex objective function, the finite-dimensional problem can be solved in a finite number of iterations by the method of special points. For strictly concave objective functions, the corresponding problem is solved by simple or specialized brute force methods. In an arbitrary case, parameter conditions and switching points are found at which the objective function becomes convex or concave. At the same time, the corresponding problems of mathematical programming allow a global solution in a finite number of iterations. Thus, the proposed approach allows to approximate the original non-convex variation problem with a finite-dimensional model that allows to find a global solution in a finite number of iterations.
Apresentação
Authors: Bezerra Joel Medeiros
Published: June 2022

A III SEQAS foi realizada totalmente no formato remoto, no período de 10 a 12 de novembro de 2020. Foram realizadas transmissões ao vivo das palestras e mesas redondas pelo YouTube, e as apresentações dos trabalhos científicos foram realizadas em salas de reuniões no Google Meet. Foram necessárias quatro salas virtuais para as apresentações de 10 (dez) minutos de cada autor, além do tempo para arguição dos participantes presentes, totalizando 27 (vinte e sete) trabalhos apresentados. A realização deste evento no formato remoto permitiu ampliar o número de instituições parceiras do evento. Em sua segunda edição, a SEQAS contou com a colaboração dos campi da UERN e IFRN, localizados na cidade de Pau dos Ferros/RN, e nesta terceira edição contou com oito instituições parceiras, situadas em diferentes regiões do Brasil. Em edições anteriores, a interação do público participante foi mais restrita, tendo um alcance regional. Na III SEQAS, o formato remoto ampliou a área de abrangência para nacional, dando mais visibilidade a UFERSA/campus Pau dos Ferros e aos seus cursos (Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia, Interdisciplinar em Tecnologia da Informação, Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária, Engenharia Civil, Engenharia de Computação e Engenharia de Software). O evento sendo realizado de maneira remota proporcionou um resultado acima das expectativas da organização do evento, dado o alcance nacional, e impactou positivamente na construção de parcerias futuras interinstitucionais para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa e extensão na área de atuação da III SEQAS.
Therapeutic Approaches for Combating Aspergillus Associated Infection
Authors: Chhillar Anil K. , Punia Aruna , Choudhary Pooja , Sharma Namita , Dahiya Sweety , Gulia Prity
Published: June 2022

Now-a-days fungal infection emerges as a significant problem to healthcare management systems due to high frequency of associated morbidity, mortality toxicity, drug-drug interactions, and resistance of the antifungal agents. Aspergillus is the most common mold that cause infection in immunocompromised hosts. It's a hyaline mold that is cosmopolitan and ubiquitous in nature. Aspergillus infects around 10 million population each year with a mortality rate of 30-90%. Clinically available antifungal formulations are restricted to four classes (i.e., polyene, triazole, echinocandin, and allylamine), and each of them have their own limitations associated with the activity spectrum, the emergence of resistance, and toxicity. Consequently, novel antifungal agents with modified and altered chemical structures are required to combat these invasive fungal infections. To overcome these limitations, there is an urgent need for new antifungal agents that can act as potent drugs in near future. Currently, some compounds have shown effective antifungal activity. In this review article, we have discussed all potential antifungal therapies that contain old antifungal drugs, combination therapies, and recent novel antifungal formulations, with a focus on the Aspergillus associated infections.
Treatment Opportunities and Technological Progress Prospective for Acne
Vulgaris
Authors: Chauhan Pratik N. , Sharma Alok , Rasheed Haamid , Mathur Harshita , Sharma Priyanka
Published: June 2022

A frequent inflammatory pilosebaceous disorder that affects 80–90% of teenagers, acne vulgaris
is still a concern for dermatologists and other doctors in the field of medicine. Acne has a significant
psychosocial impact and is responsible for a bigger worldwide burden of disease than psoriasis,
cellulitis, and melanoma, as measured by age-standardized disability-adjusted life years. Patients may
experience psychological problems as well as severe skin scars as a result of the condition. The pathogenesis
process of acne lesion is complex, so it is myriad of available treatment. Acne is caused by a
combination of four different pathological causes, including an increase in sebum production, irregular
follicular desquamation, P.acnes proliferation, and inflammation of the afflicted skin. Synthetic, hormonal,
and herbal treatments, as well as their efficacy in treating acne vulgaris, are discussed in this article.
The laser and light treatment for acne vulgaris available within a specific wavelength range that stimulates
type I and III collagen and elastic fibres is described in relation to radiation therapies. The innovative
drug delivery techniques are covered here, such as particle, vesicular, and colloidal delivery systems
as a prospective therapy. We will present a practical method for acne management in this article
and discuss how to assess acne, how to use topical therapies, and how systemic therapy can be used to
treat acne. This review will inform readers on the most recent advances in our understanding of acne
treatment-related technological potential, with a particular emphasis on developing treatment alternatives
and creative ways that can assist improve patient results. Acne has been the subject of substantial
research, both in terms of disease mechanism and therapeutic approaches. However, as Propionibacterium
acnes develop resistance to current medications there is a requirement for novel therapeutic modalities.
Additionally, the absence of required data regarding the efficacy of complementary and alternative
medicine (CAM) therapies needs a greater investigation into these treatment choices.
Copper Supported Imidazolylpyridine Modified SPION as an Efficient
Catalyst for Eco-friendly, One-pot and Green Synthesis of Novel (3-
Cyanothiophen-2-yl)-N-(arylsulfonyl)acetimidamide Derivatives
Authors: Adib Mehdi , Mahdavi Mohammad , Askarzadeh Mohammad
Published: June 2022

Background:

In this paper, a novel catalyst is synthesized and characterized by immobilizing
copper onto imidazopyridine-modified superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION).

Methods:

The catalyst is characterized by several methods, including TEM, SEM, ICP, DLS, and
VSM. The catalytic activity of the catalyst is evaluated in the synthesis of thiosolfunamide. The synthesized
catalyst showed very good activity in the mentioned reaction and performance for synthesizing
the desired products in high isolated yields.

Results:

For the synthesis of the products, sequential transformations enable the facile synthesis of
complex target molecules from simple building blocks in a single preparative step.

Conclusion:

The reaction can be performed with a high yield using water and ethanol as the reaction
green solvent using terminal alkynes and sulfonyl azides as starting materials. The reusability of the
catalyst was tested, and the results proved high reusability of the catalyst.
Recent Advances in Jigging Used for Mineral Separation
Authors: Chen Yinghua , Tang Jie , Li Haisheng , Chen Jukai , Cui Zhe , Xu Ziyin
Published: June 2022

Background:

As a kind of non-renewable natural resource, mineral resources are the important
material basis of social development. Mineral resources mined need to be sorted and processed
to improve product quality and utilization rate. As an important mineral separation process, jigging has
obvious technical advantages and has been widely used in mineral separation technical field.

Objective:

In this paper, jig related patents are summarized, and their structural characteristics,
working principles and technical advantages are analyzed in detail. The research results can provide
a meaningful reference for improving mineral separation efficiency and jig technology innovation.

Methods:

Through the comparative analysis of jig related patents, the current research progress has
been summarized, and the future development direction is put forward.

Results:

The patent is mainly devoted to the external structure transformation and internal flow field
optimization of the jig, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and high efficiency. Studies
have shown that jigging has improved significantly, and many patents have been applied to industrial
production practices.

Conclusion:

Jig has development potential in terms of being large-scale, intelligent, highly efficient,
and energy-saving technique, and it can constantly improve the processing ability. Through the intelligent
control system to ensure the safe and stable operation of jig, and combined with new materials
and structure optimization to improve separation efficiency and working life, jig for mineral
separation is of great significance.
Towards Human on a Chip: Recent Progress and Future Perspective
Authors: van Noort Danny , Park Sungsu , Nguyen Nam-Trung
Published: June 2022

A system of multiple organs integrated on a single chip or human on a chip (HUC) has a great potential
for drug discovery. Such a system helps to advance the fundamental understanding of diseases as well as
the complex interactions between cells, tissues and organs. HUC models will potentially overcome the shortcomings
of traditional animal models such as high cost, incompatibility with human physiology, the inability to
control and manipulate the microenvironment in vivo and the lack of efficacy. The matching length scale of biological
structures and micromachined components makes a microfluidic chip the ideal platform to investigate physiological
events. This paper presents an overview of the state of the art of the development of HUC. The paper also provides a perspective
on the integration of cell culture on a chip to create an ethical human model and to provide insights into the sensitivity
of different cell constructs on drugs.
Effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus helveticus on Various Health Disorders
Authors: Anwar Siraj , Verma Pooja , Dutt Rohit
Published: June 2022

The gut microbiota has been linked to the pathogenesis of stress-related illnesses in a
growing number of research. Chronic stress may alter behaviour, cognition, biochemistry, and gut
flora. Gut bacteria may impact the brain and body by communicating with the host through the microbiota-gut-brain axis (mostly immunological, neuroendocrine, and neurological pathways). It is
thought that taking probiotics might help with persistent stress-induced depression. Lactobacillus
helveticus is a commonly used industrial thermophilic starter in manufacturing a variety of cheeses
by fermenting milk. An increasing amount of scientific data suggests that strains of L. helveticus exhibit health-promoting qualities and their technical significance. In this review, we summarize the
findings of several main literature publications on the capacity of L. helveticus strains to affect human health favourably
Overview of SARS-CoV-2 and Possible Targets for the Management of
COVID-19 Infections
Authors: Muthuraman Arunachalam , Ramesh Muthusamy , Subramanian Aswinprakash , Dhamodharan Jagadeesh , Giap Lim Khian
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 is a respiratory infection caused by a newer strain of coronavirus known as SARSCoV-2. The major problem of COVID-19 infections is the ARDS, followed by respiratory failure, organ
failure, and even death with multiple organ dysfunction, including cardiovascular collapse. Moreover, it
affects the old age population with co-morbid conditions. The deficiency of diet, micronutrients, and vitamins also plays a key role in diminishing the immune power, and increases the rate of viral infectivity.
The possible reasons and management methods are discussed in this review. The management methods
enhance the host immune system via multi-functional and multi-targeted actions. The global rate of
COVID-19 outbreak necessitates the need to develop newer medicines. The drug discovery process is
based on the exposure of viral proteins, genome sequence, replication mechanisms, pathophysiological
mechanisms, and host cell components (as a target) reactions. This article highlights the overview of
coronavirus components, the replications process, and possible targets for the management of coronavirus
infections. It may lead to the rapid development of newer medicines for the treatment of coronavirus infections.
Proceso de diseño de una cubierta con el principio de tensegridad para espacios de esparcimiento
Authors: Mercado Escandón José Abraham , Morales Guzmán Carlos César
Published: June 2022

El objetivo principal de este artículo es mostrar el procedimiento de diseño de una cubierta, soportada por el sistema estructural de tensegridad, e identificar la forma en que trabajan estas estructuras, además de analizar y desarrollar el procedimiento de patronaje para su construcción. Se plantea una cubierta destinada a espacios abiertos, tales como jardines, cafeterías o zonas de trabajo, utilizando una metodología, desde el diseño hasta la comprobación del funcionamiento y estabilidad estructural, por medio de un modelo a escala 1:5, con el cual se identifican áreas de mejora y criterios a tomar en cuenta para su construcción a escala 1:1.
La sustentabilidad en la edificación: desde el desarrollo -como categoría socioeconómica-, a la construcción sostenible
Authors: Zuleta Roa Gloria
Published: June 2022

Artículo de reflexión que presenta la evolución histórica del concepto de sostenibilidad, con relación a la construcción del hábitat humano. Desde sus orígenes, ligado a los temas del desarrollo, a los cambios y problemas socioeconómicos, culturales; y su aplicación en diferentes ámbitos globales y locales. Hasta su íntima relación con la condición humana, en la lucha permanente entre una cultura depredadora —originada por el afán del consumo permanente—, y la cultura del cuidado y la conservación, encaminada a proteger la vida. Se propone una discusión sobre tres categorías: desarrollo, desarrollo sustentable y construcción sostenible.
Aportes al proceso de reconversión productiva considerando criterios de variabilidad y cambio climático en la cuenca del lago de Tota
Authors: Rodríguez-Robayo Karla Juliana , Martínez Camelo Fabián Enrique , Herrera Heredia Carlos Alberto , Espitia Malagón Eduardo María , Estupiñán Casallas Jhon Mauricio , Gómez-Latorre Douglas Andrés , Rodríguez Roa Andrea Onelia , Galvis Rojas María del Mar , Contreras Valencia Katia Vanesa , Guatava Redondo Camila Alexandra , Barón Quevedo Christian Giovanny , Caro Mosquera Jann Jorge , López Perico Jairo Alexander , Tristancho Pérez Ivonne Yorely , Cely Nubia Liliana , Barreto Triana Nancy , Martínez Érika Patricia , Hío Juan Clímaco , Cerón María del Socorro
Published: June 2022

Este documento ofrece a los productores de cebolla y papa, así como a los técnicos de los municipios de Aquitania, Cuítiva, Tota y Sogamoso, un conjunto de herramientas para seguir avanzando en el proceso de reconversión productiva considerando criterios de variabilidad y cambio climático.
Self-monitoring of Physical Activity After Hospital Discharge in Patients Who Have Undergone Gastrointestinal or Lung Cancer Surgery: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: de Leeuwerk Marijke Elizabeth , Botjes Martine , van Vliet Vincent , Geleijn Edwin , de Groot Vincent , van Wegen Erwin , van der Schaaf Marike , Tuynman Jurriaan , Dickhoff Chris , van der Leeden Marike
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Self-monitoring of physical activity (PA) using an accelerometer is a promising intervention to stimulate PA after hospital discharge.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of PA self-monitoring after discharge in patients who have undergone gastrointestinal or lung cancer surgery.

METHODS

A mixed methods study was conducted in which 41 patients with cancer scheduled for lobectomy, esophageal resection, or hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy were included. Preoperatively, patients received an ankle-worn accelerometer and the corresponding mobile health app to familiarize themselves with its use. The use was continued for up to 6 weeks after surgery. Feasibility criteria related to the study procedures, the System Usability Scale, and user experiences were established. In addition, 6 patients were selected to participate in semistructured interviews.

RESULTS

The percentage of patients willing to participate in the study (68/90, 76%) and the final participation rate (57/90, 63%) were considered good. The retention rate was acceptable (41/57, 72%), whereas the rate of missing accelerometer data was relatively high (31%). The mean System Usability Scale score was good (77.3). Interviewed patients mentioned that the accelerometer and app were easy to use, motivated them to be more physically active, and provided postdischarge support. The technical shortcomings and comfort of the ankle straps should be improved.

CONCLUSIONS

Self-monitoring of PA after discharge appears to be feasible based on good system usability and predominantly positive user experiences in patients with cancer after lobectomy, esophageal resection, or hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Solving technical problems and improving the comfort of the ankle strap may reduce the number of dropouts and missing data in clinical use and follow-up studies.
Learning From COVID-19: What Would It Take to Be Better Prepared in the Eastern Mediterranean Region? (Preprint)
Authors: Kufoof Lara , Hajjeh Rana , Al Nsour Mohannad , Saad Randa , Bélorgeot Victoria , Abubakar Abdinasir , Khader Yousef , Rawaf Salman
Published: June 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

The COVID-19 transmission in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) was influenced by various factors such as conflict, demographics, travel and social restrictions, migrant workers, weak health systems, and mass gatherings. The countries that responded well to COVID-19 had high-level political commitment, multisectoral coordination, and existing infrastructures that could quickly mobilize. However, some EMR countries faced challenges due to political instability and fragile health systems, which hindered their response strategies. The pandemic highlighted the region’s weak health systems and preparedness, fragmented surveillance systems, and lack of trust in information sharing. COVID-19 exposed the disruption of access and delivery of essential health services as a major health system fragility. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) conducted a global pulse survey, which demonstrated that the EMR experienced the highest disruption in health services compared to other WHO regions. However, thanks to prioritization by the WHO and its member states, significant improvement was observed in 2021 during the second round of the WHO’s National Pulse Survey. The pandemic underscored the importance of political leadership, community engagement, and trust and emphasized that investing in health security benefits everyone. Increasing vaccine coverage, building regional capacities, strengthening health systems, and working toward universal health coverage and health security are all priorities in the EMR. Emergency public health plays a key role in preparing for and responding to pandemics and biological threats. Integrating public health into primary care and investing in public health workforce capacity building is essential to reshaping public health and health emergency preparedness.
Correction: Neural Activity During Audiovisual Speech Processing: Protocol For a Functional Neuroimaging Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bálint András , Wimmer Wilhelm , Caversaccio Marco , Weder Stefan
Published: June 2022

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This is a corrigendum for MS 38407.
Efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy in children with atopic dermatitis sensitized to house dust mites
Authors: Mozyrska O.V.
Published: June 2022

Background. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for inducing long-term immune and clinical tolerability of allergens in patients with IgE-mediated allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) as an adjunct treatment in children with atopic dermatitis sensitized to dust mites by conducting a randomized 18-month clinical trial with house dust mite extract or placebo. Materials and methods. The study included 26 children with atopic dermatitis who were sensitized to house dust mites. 12 patients received SLIT, and 14 controls received only symptomatic treatment. The activity of atopic dermatitis was assessed using the dynamics of SCORAD indicators and the СDLQI questionnaire. Results. After 18 months of treatment, the reduction in baseline SCORAD was 43.4 % in the SLIT group and 10.3 % in the placebo group (W = 104.0, p = 0.003). СDLQI also showed improvement in the SLIT treatment group (40.7 % in the SLIT group, no improvement was found in the control group, W = 106.5, p = 0.004). There were no significant differences in serum Der.p.-specific sIgE levels between the main and control groups 18 months after the start of treatment (p > 0.05). Conclusions. SLIT with dust mite extract can provide significant clinical efficacy among children with atopic dermatitis, as evidenced by a significant overall reduction in SCORAD scores and СDLQI questionnaire scores.
Assessment of the quality of life of school-age children with asthma and sensitization to cat allergens
Authors: Kryvopustovа М.V.
Published: June 2022

Background. The medical and social significance of asthma is emphasized by the impact on various aspects of children's lives — physical, emotional, social, educational. The aim of the study: to assess the quality of life of school-age children with asthma and sensitization to cat allergens in the dynamics of treatment. Materials and methods. The study included 128 children aged 6–17 years with asthma and sensitization to cat allergens. A mini-Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniPAQLQ) was used. Results. All patients have a decrease in quality of life, both overall and in the assessment of symptoms, emotional function and activity. Overall quality of life is inversely correlated with the severity of asthma. There was a statistically significant difference between the overall quality of life after 12 months of treatment in children who received allergen-specific immunotherapy on the background of basic therapy and in children who received only basic therapy in favor of allergen-specific immunotherapy. The same dynamics is indicated according to symptoms, emotional function and activity. A direct correlation between overall quality of life and allergen-specific immunotherapy has been shown. Conclusions. In schoolchildren with asthma and sensitization to cat allergens, there is a decrease in quality of life. Against the background of basic therapy, their positive dynamics is observed, which is statistically significant, except for the assessment of symptoms in children with severe asthma. The inclusion of allergen-specific immunotherapy in the complex treatment of school-age children with asthma and sensitization to cat allergens to improve the quality of life of patients is justified.
Mechanisms of action of cytoplasmic microRNAs. Part 1. Mechanisms of interaction of microRNA and mRNA molecules. Influence of microRNAs on translation
Authors: Abaturov A.E. , Babуch V.L.
Published: June 2022

The scientific review presents the mechanisms of action of cytoplasmic miRNAs, namely the relationship between miRNA and mRNA molecules and the influence of miRNAs on translation. To write the article, information was searched using Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Global Health, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka databases. The authors state that the interaction of microRNA and mRNA requires the presence in the region of the 3'-end of the mRNA molecule of small nucleotide sequences — miRNA regulatory elements, which are complementary to the sequences of the “seed” region of microRNA. It is known that only six nucleotide matches in the “seed” region (position 2–8) are required to initiate the interaction of microRNA with the mRNA target. It is emphasized that the interaction of miRNA with mRNA depends on the availability of the mRNA binding site. The authors suggest that accessory proteins are involved in the interaction of microRNA and mRNA. It is known that the process of mRNA and miRNA hybridization depends on the presence of SNP. Scientists believe that the main function of cytoplasmic miRNAs is to regulate the activity of protein synthesis. It is presented that microRNAs can repress and activate the mRNA translation process. In addition, some miRNAs are able to both inhibit and enhance the translation of mRNA depending on specific local conditions and the spectrum of microenvironmental factors. Thus, the mechanism of action of cytoplasmic miRNAs is realized due to the interaction of miRNAs and mRNAs, which is due to the presence of complementary nucleotide sequences of special regions. The interaction of miRNAs with mRNAs depends on the availability of the mRNA binding site, the involvement of accessory proteins, and the presence of SNP. Violations of microRNA-mRNA interactions lead to the development of pathological processes. Cytoplasmic miRNAs perform their main function, namely the regulation of protein synthesis activity, due to miRNA-mediated repression and activation of mRNA translation.
Social and Emotional Learning: Meeting and Addressing Educator and Student Concerns While Providing Benefits for All Involved
Authors: Sorbet Stefanie R. , Notar Charles E.
Published: June 2022

Guided by the social-emotional learning framework, this article establishes and discusses the associations between students’ perceptions of five core social emotional learning (SEL) competencies (i.e., responsible decision-making, social awareness, self-awareness, self-management, and relationship skills) and their effect on overall student learning and educational experiences. Social and emotional learning (SEL) provides a foundation for safe and positive learning, and enhances students’ ability to succeed in school, careers, and life. Educators have many concerns regarding various social and emotional needs of the students they serve including absenteeism, behavior, student achievement, higher order thinking, problem solving and overall student mental health. SEL initiatives within the classroom prove to show results in: greater academic success, fewer behavioral issues, less emotional distress, positive social behavior, improved teacher-student relationships, less bullying, improved career readiness, increased graduation rates, decreased teacher stress, and an overall positive school climate.
Similarity Measure of Images using SIFT and ORB Feature Matching
Authors: Singh Shivani , Siramdas Sahithya , Tanmayi K. , Koli Laxmi
Published: June 2022

Abstract: In this study, similarities between images are identified and examined. A collection of images made from an image of the same scene or item taken under varied atmospheric conditions, such as different perspectives or lighting settings, and then altered in myriad ways by the very same starting image. The process of determining picture similarity is comparing visual information to evaluate how similar it is. Based on the input, it finds good matches and presents the proportion percent exceptional matches between the photos. It compares the supplied input to calculate the similarity measure. For decades, picture resemblance has been a fundamental problem in the fields of object recognition.When two photos are compared, Image Similarity generates a result that represents how physically similar they are. The measure of comparison of the two photographs is given a numerical number in this test. The similarity score between two photos ranges from 0 to 1 respectively.We have proposed a solution using SIFT & ORB Feature Matching
Regression Analysis Performed with Respect to the Velocity and Temperature
Authors: Bordiya Chandramohan , Jaiswal Nitin
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Today vehicles are like our necessity in life. Most of the people of metro cities spend minimum 2-4 hour daily in their car. So people want better thermal comfort. Nowadays companies start focusing on customer choice. Vehicular cabin climate is adjusted by making changes in dry bulb temperature. It depends upon person that in which range person feels thermally comfort. This temperature range is always deviate from person to person. Every person has different metabolic rate so range of thermal comfort diverges person to person and it also depend upon clothing of people. If more powerful air-conditioner is applied then it affects the car performance means it lessen the average of vehicle. Air-conditioner will be applied in a limit. Thermal comfort is depending upon capacity of air conditioner, air velocity in car cabin, Air temperature, humidity and air flow distribution. So, first thing is capacity of air conditioner that will not be altered to higher value because AC is one and the only thing which consumes more power than other equipment. If large air conditioner is applied it will not be economical also. This is not the optimal solution for increasing thermal comfort. Air temperature can be decreased to improve thermal comfort but in this case size or capacity of air-conditioner will increase, ultimately this will increase cost. Last parameter is air flow distribution in which the pattern of air flow will be analyzed. In hatchback cars always there is a complaint of uneven cooling means cooling at front seat is good but very less cooling at back seat. Generally after an hour you feel some cooling at back. So there is need of optimal solution which is not too costly and also economic with respect to kilometer per liter. In this study of air pattern conclusion can be drawn that if there is any A.C. 2 vent will also present for back seat. Thermal comfort is also relying on Glass transmissivity of window glass in car cabin.
Survey on Modest Sensory Network Utility Device Watcher Using Android Database System
Authors: Renushe Prof. Mrs. A. H.
Published: June 2022

Abstract: This report introduces the android application using a modest sensor device. The objective of this project is to develop a system to collect data from sensors, and to send this data broadcast through a network which passes the data to an application. Wireless transmission methods have been detected, and it was decided that a HTTP GET method would be used. This report also saysthe progress made to date on the project, and proposes a timeline for the completion of the project. The aim of this project was to design and build a wireless sensor network. These are the exploration of personal area networks and mesh networking, this system was implemented to detect physical intrusion. This network communicates with the generic infrastructure, resilient to future wireless sensor projects, which stored sensor data in a database. Also it was a user interface to monitor the status of the entire application
Disease Predictor Based on Symptoms Using Machine Learning
Authors: Reddy M Vamshi Krishna
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Given how important the health sector is in curing prescribers' problems, Disease Prediction based on Symptoms with Machine Learning is a system that predicts diseases based on the user's knowledge of clinical manifestations, assuring solid findings based on such facts. If the user simply has to know a little bit about the sickness and the patient isn't in any danger, this technique can be used to learn a little bit about minor ailments. It's a system that provides medical advice and tactics to clients, as well as a tool to help them figure out what ailment they have utilizing this forecast. It's also a big benefit for the healthcare sector as well as individuals who don't want to travel to a hospital or clinic for their initial diagnosis. The user can learn a lot about the condition that has been revealed to him or her by simply inputting the side effects and other critical information, and the health sector can benefit from this method by simply asking the patient for symptoms and giving them a diagnosis. To achieve Disease Prediction based on Symptoms, we used Machine Learning techniques, Python Programming with Tkinter Interface, and a dataset acquired from hospitals. The phrases Disease Predictor, Machine Learning, and Tkinter Interface are used in this research.
The Rise and Fall of High APY Decentralized Autonomous Organizations in the Blockchain Ecosystem
Authors: Dongritot Prathamesh
Published: June 2022

Abstract: The Blockchain ecosystem provides a space for developers and investors alike. Every few years we notice a certain type of project that catches the eyes of investors that disrupts the whole ecosystem, seeming to provide the most value/ returns in the eyes of the investors. Oftentimes, as history has proven these projects are nothing but a mirage formed by complex mechanisms that prove no utility/ work in a way that seems valuable at first but is an implementation of something very simple once understood. Decentralized Autonomous Organizations are a recent ecosphere of projects that took over the industry- built over possibly every layer 1 and layer 2 blockchain. This is a study on why the working of the DAOs was fundamentally flawed and the catalysts that caused projects on such a large scale to fail.
Face Biometric Authentication System for ATM using Deep Learning
Authors: R Dayana
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Automated Teller Machines also known as ATM's are widely used nowadays by each and everyone. There is an urgent need for improving security in banking region. Due to tremendous increase in the number of criminals and their activities, the ATM has become insecure. ATM systems today use no more than an access card and PIN for identity verification. The recent progress in biometric identification techniques, including finger printing, retina scanning, and facial recognition has made a great effort to rescue the unsafe situation at the ATM. This project proposes an automatic teller machine security model that would combine a physical access card and electronic facial recognition using Deep Convolutional Neural Network. If this technology becomes widely used, faces would be protected as well as their accounts. Face Verification Link will be generated and sent to user to verify the identity of unauthorized user through some dedicated artificial intelligent agents, for remote certification. However, it obvious that man’s biometric features cannot be replicated, this proposal will go a long way to solve the problem of Account safety making it possible for the actual account owner alone have access to his accounts.
Human-Eye Controlled Virtual Mouse
Authors: Dhanaraju Mr.
Published: June 2022

Abstract: There's always room for advancement in the realm of computers, thanks to new technology in our digital era. Handsfree computing is popular nowadays because it caters to the needs of quadriplegics (people suffering from paralysis of all four limbs). We want to demonstrate a Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) system that is essential for amputees and others who have trouble using their hands. The system is a mouse-like eye-based interface that converts eye movements like blinking, staring, and squinting into mouse cursor actions. The software requirements for this technique include Python, OpenCV, NumPy, and a few more facial recognition tools, as well as a basic camera. In the creation of face detectors, the HOG (Histogram of Oriented Gradients) is often utilised. and hence the window technique, which combines this feature with a linear classifier. It is completely hands-free and does notrequire any additional hardware or sensors.
An Examination of Teacher Experience and Perception of Leadership Effort on Commitment to Stay Using Mediation Analysis
Authors: Kaniuka Ted , Chitiga Miriam
Published: June 2022

This study approaches the idea of teachers’ commitment to stay at their job by considering their perceptions of efforts by leadership to support working conditions in schools. Data from 85,000 teachers from the 2016 school year in North Carolina were used in the mediation analysis. Results show that administrative effort had a direct effect on teachers’ commitment to stay. This effort was mediated by how teachers view the working conditions in their schools, and new and veteran teachers view the impact of administrative effort on their commitment to stay in a similar manner. Policy implications are discussed, along with suggestions for unpacking these data to reveal a more discreet understanding of the internal dynamics of schools.
Résumé Cette étude porte sur l’engagement des enseignants à rester à leur poste en fonction de leurs perceptions des efforts déployés par le leadership pour maintenir de bonnes conditions de travail dans les écoles. Les données de 85 000 enseignants de l’année scolaire 2016 en Caroline du Nord ont été utilisées dans une analyse de médiation. Les résultats montrent que l’effort administratif a eu un effet direct sur l’engagement des enseignants à rester. Toutefois, l’impact de cet effort administratif dépendait de la manière dont les enseignants percevaient les conditions de travail dans leurs écoles, ainsi que de la manière dont les nouveaux et anciens enseignants percevaient cet impact sur leur engagement. Cette étude évalue aussi les implications de cet état des choses pour la formulation de politiques et propose des pistes pour interpréter les données afin d’en arriver à une compréhension plus fine de la dynamique interne des écoles.
Keywords / Mots clés : leadership preparation, university-school partnerships, leadership field experience, leadership-focused coaching, leadership mentoring / préparation au leadership, partenariats université-école, expérience de terrain en matière de leadership, coaching axé sur le leadership, mentorat en matière de leadership