bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extreme Multistability and Antimonotonicity in a Shinriki Oscillator with Two Flux-Controlled Memristors
Authors: Min Fuhong , Cheng Yizi , Lu Lei , Li Xinya
Published: September 2021

This paper proposes a novel memristive chaotic circuit which originated from a Shinriki oscillator with two flux-controlled memristors of different polarities. This two-memristor-based Shinriki oscillator (TMSO) having a special plane equilibrium is prone to exhibiting the initial-dependent phenomenon of extreme multistability. To investigate its internal dynamics, a third-order dimensionality reduction model is established by utilizing the constitutive relationship of its memristor’s flux and charge. The uncertain plane equilibrium is transfered into some deterministic model that can accurately predict the dynamical evolution of the system, where interesting phenomena of asymmetric bifurcations, extreme multistability and antimonotonicity are detected and analyzed by evaluating the position and stability of the equilibria in the flux–charge model. The simulation is carried out via Multisim to validate the analysis model, and the comparison of the phase trajectories, before and after dimensionality reduction, shows that this oscillator is good for research and practical use.
Numerical Analysis of a Novel 3D Chaotic System with Period-Subtracting Structures
Authors: Zolfaghari-Nejad Maryam , Hassanpoor Hossein , Charmi Mostafa
Published: September 2021

In this work, we present a novel three-dimensional chaotic system with only two cubic nonlinear terms. Dynamical behavior of the system reveals a period-subtracting bifurcation structure containing all [Formula: see text]th-order ([Formula: see text]) periods that are found in the dynamical evolution of the novel system concerning different values of parameters. The new system could be evolved into different states such as point attractor, limit cycle, strange attractor and butterfly strange attractor by changing the parameters. Also, the system is multistable, which implies another feature of a chaotic system known as the coexistence of numerous spiral attractors with one limit cycle under different initial values. Furthermore, bifurcation analysis reveals interesting phenomena such as period-doubling route to chaos, antimonotonicity, periodic solutions, and quasi-periodic motion. In the meantime, the existence of periodic solutions is confirmed via constructed Poincaré return maps. In addition, by studying the influence of system parameters on complexity, it is confirmed that the chaotic system has high spectral entropy. Numerical analysis indicates that the system has a wide variety of strong dynamics. Finally, a message coding application of the proposed system is developed based on periodic solutions, which indicates the importance of studying periodic solutions in dynamical systems.
Bifurcating Solutions and Asymptotics in Logistic Equation with State-Dependent Delays
Authors: Kashchenko S. A.
Published: September 2021

The article considers the question of local dynamics of the logistic equation with delays and the delay coefficients being the nonlinear functions. It is supposed that one of the parameters, characterizing the delay value, is sufficiently large. The stability criterion is formulated and critical cases in the problem of balance state stability are defined. The main content of the paper is focused on studying the local dynamics in cases close to critical. In nature, these critical cases are infinite dimensional. Special nonlinear boundary-value problems of the parabolic type are constructed, which play the role of normal forms. Their nonlocal dynamics defines the behavior of the solutions from the small neighborhood of the balance state of the initial equation. The conclusions on the role of nonlinearity in the delay coefficients, in the behavior of the dynamic properties of the solutions are summarized.
Exploitation Techniques for Data-oriented Attacks with Existing and Potential Defense Approaches
Authors: Cheng Long , Ahmed Salman , Liljestrand Hans , Nyman Thomas , Cai Haipeng , Jaeger Trent , Asokan N. , Yao Danfeng (Daphne)
Published: September 2021

Data-oriented attacks manipulate non-control data to alter a program’s benign behavior without violating its control-flow integrity. It has been shown that such attacks can cause significant damage even in the presence of control-flow defense mechanisms. However, these threats have not been adequately addressed. In this survey article, we first map data-oriented exploits, including Data-Oriented Programming (DOP) and
Block-Oriented Programming (BOP)
attacks, to their assumptions/requirements and attack capabilities. Then, we compare known defenses against these attacks, in terms of approach, detection capabilities, overhead, and compatibility. It is generally believed that control flows may not be useful for data-oriented security. However, data-oriented attacks (especially DOP attacks) may generate side effects on control-flow behaviors in multiple dimensions (i.e., incompatible branch behaviors and frequency anomalies). We also characterize control-flow anomalies caused by data-oriented attacks. In the end, we discuss challenges for building deployable data-oriented defenses and open research questions.
A Lightweight Privacy-Aware Continuous Authentication Protocol-PACA
Authors: Acar Abbas , Ali Shoukat , Karabina Koray , Kaygusuz Cengiz , Aksu Hidayet , Akkaya Kemal , Uluagac Selcuk
Published: September 2021

As many vulnerabilities of one-time authentication systems have already been uncovered, there is a growing need and trend to adopt
continuous authentication
systems. Biometrics provides an excellent means for periodic verification of the authenticated users without breaking the continuity of a session. Nevertheless, as attacks to computing systems increase, biometric systems demand more user information in their operations, yielding privacy issues for users in biometric-based continuous authentication systems. However, the current state-of-the-art privacy technologies are not viable or costly for the continuous authentication systems, which require periodic real-time verification. In this article, we introduce a novel, lightweight, privacy-aware, and secure continuous authentication protocol called PACA. PACA is initiated through a password-based key exchange (PAKE) mechanism, and it continuously authenticates users based on their biometrics in a privacy-aware manner. Then, we design an actual continuous user authentication system under the proposed protocol. In this concrete system, we utilize a privacy-aware template matching technique and a wearable-assisted keystroke dynamics-based continuous authentication method. This provides privacy guarantees without relying on any trusted third party while allowing the comparison of noisy user inputs (due to biometric data) and yielding an efficient and lightweight protocol. Finally, we implement our system on an Apple smartwatch and perform experiments with real user data to evaluate the accuracy and resource consumption of our concrete system.
Mixed-initiative Variable Autonomy for Remotely Operated Mobile Robots
Authors: Chiou Manolis , Hawes Nick , Stolkin Rustam
Published: September 2021

This article presents an Expert-guided Mixed-initiative Control Switcher (EMICS) for remotely operated mobile robots. The EMICS enables switching between different levels of autonomy during task execution initiated by either the human operator and/or the EMICS. The EMICS is evaluated in two disaster-response-inspired experiments, one with a simulated robot and test arena, and one with a real robot in a realistic environment. Analyses from the two experiments provide evidence that: (a) Human-Initiative (HI) systems outperform systems with single modes of operation, such as pure teleoperation, in navigation tasks; (b) in the context of the simulated robot experiment, Mixed-initiative (MI) systems provide improved performance in navigation tasks, improved operator performance in cognitive demanding secondary tasks, and improved operator workload compared to HI. Last, our experiment on a physical robot provides empirical evidence that identify two major challenges for MI control: (a) the design of
context-aware
MI control systems; and (b) the
conflict for control
between the robot’s MI control system and the operator. Insights regarding these challenges are discussed and ways to tackle them are proposed.
Are Preferences Useful for Better Assistance?
Authors: Canal Gerard , Torras Carme , Alenyà Guillem
Published: September 2021

Assistive Robots have an inherent need of adapting to the user they are assisting. This is crucial for the correct development of the task, user safety, and comfort. However, adaptation can be performed in several manners. We believe user preferences are key to this adaptation. In this article, we evaluate the use of preferences for Physically Assistive Robotics tasks in a Human-Robot Interaction user evaluation. Three assistive tasks have been implemented consisting of assisted feeding, shoe-fitting, and jacket dressing, where the robot performs each task in a different manner based on user preferences. We assess the ability of the users to determine which execution of the task used their chosen preferences (if any). The obtained results show that most of the users were able to successfully guess the cases where their preferences were used even when they had not seen the task before. We also observe that their satisfaction with the task increases when the chosen preferences are employed. Finally, we also analyze the user’s opinions regarding assistive tasks and preferences, showing promising expectations as to the benefits of adapting the robot behavior to the user through preferences.
Review—Concept and Application of Thermal Phenomena at 4f Electrons of Trivalent Lanthanide Ions in Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Nanostructure
Authors: Okubo Kyohei , Umezawa Masakazu , Soga Kohei
Published: September 2021

Trivalent lanthanide ions (Ln3+) have been used as active centers for fluorescence mainly in inorganic crystalline or glassy solids. Ln3+-containing systems allow easier thermal emission with narrower energy gaps under near-infrared light excitation because the Ln3+ electron–phonon interaction is a weak coupling. The multiphonon relaxation theory helps to quantitatively deal with heat release in the ionic inorganic solids. Recent advances in producing Ln3+-doped nanocrystals, however, are demanding alternative design concepts for Ln3+-based nanomaterials that exhibit luminescence in organic or organic/inorganic hybrid systems. In this paper we discuss the approach for dealing with the effect of organic molecules that surround the Ln3+-doped nanocrystals with the quantitative treatment of electron–phonon coupling. We conclude that this effect is substantially explicable by the chemical polarity of surrounding molecules. This paper reviews applications using thermal absorption and emission including laser cooling and thermometry, as well as biophotonic applications involving the thermal interaction of the Ln3+ such as nanothermometry and photothermal therapy.
Na+-K+-ATPase plays a major role in mediating cutaneous thermal hyperemia achieved by local skin heating to 39°C
Authors: Fujii Naoto , Kenny Glen P. , Amano Tatsuro , Honda Yasushi , Kondo Narihiko , Nishiyasu Takeshi
Published: September 2021

Cutaneous thermal hyperemia during local skin heating to 39°C, which is highly dependent on nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is frequently used to assess endothelium-dependent cutaneous vasodilation. We showed that Na+-K+-ATPase mediates the regulation of cutaneous thermal hyperemia partly via NOS-dependent mechanisms although a component of the Na+-K+-ATPase modulation of cutaneous thermal hyperemia is NOS independent. Thus, as with NOS, Na+-K+-ATPase may be important in the regulation of cutaneous endothelial vascular function.
Sex-specific maturation of muscle metabolites carnosine, creatine, and carnitine over puberty: a longitudinal follow-up study
Authors: Lievens Eline , Van Vossel Kim , Van de Casteele Freek , Baguet Audrey , Derave Wim
Published: September 2021

This is the first study to investigate sexual dimorphisms in skeletal muscle carnosine, creatine, and carnitine concentrations in a substantial adult reference population ( n = 100). A sexual dimorphism is present in both carnosine and creatine at adult age. The origin of the sexual dimorphisms is investigated using a longitudinal design over puberty in 24 males and 24 females. The sexual dimorphism in carnosine originated partly during puberty for carnosine, but not for creatine.
Bone loss after severe spinal cord injury coincides with reduced bone formation and precedes bone blood flow deficits
Authors: Yarrow Joshua F. , Wnek Russell D. , Conover Christine F. , Reynolds Michael C. , Buckley Kinley H. , Kura Jayachandra R. , Sutor Tommy W. , Otzel Dana M. , Mattingly Alex J. , Croft Summer , Aguirre J. Ignacio , Borst Stephen E. , Beck Darren T. , McCullough Danielle J.
Published: September 2021

We provide the first direct evidence indicating femur and tibia blood flow (BF) deficits exist in conscious (awake) rats after severe contusion spinal cord injury (SCI), with the distal femur displaying the largest BF deficits. Reduced bone perfusion temporally coincided with unopposed bone resorption, as indicated by ongoing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and a near absence of surface-level bone formation indices, which resulted in severe cancellous and cortical microstructural deterioration after SCI.
Key Frame Extraction for Sports Training Based on Improved Deep Learning
Authors: Lv Changhai , Li Junfeng , Tian Jian
Published: September 2021

With the rapid technological advances in sports, the number of athletics increases gradually. For sports professionals, it is obligatory to oversee and explore the athletics pose in athletes’ training. Key frame extraction of training videos plays a significant role to ease the analysis of sport training videos. This paper develops a sports actions’ classification system for accurately classifying athlete’s actions. The key video frames are extracted from the sports training video to highlight the distinct actions in sports training. Subsequently, a fully convolutional network (FCN) is used to extract the region of interest (ROI) pose detection of frames followed by the application of a convolution neural network (CNN) to estimate the pose probability of each frame. Moreover, a distinct key frame extraction approach is established to extract the key frames considering neighboring frames’ probability differences. The experimental results determine that the proposed method showed better performance and can recognize the athlete’s posture with an average classification rate of 98%. The experimental results and analysis validate that the proposed key frame extraction method outperforms its counterparts in key pose probability estimation and key pose extraction.
Artificial Intelligence-Based CT Images in Analysis of Postoperative Recovery of Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy under Balanced Anesthesia
Authors: Bai Manyun , Guo Renzhong , Zhao Qian , Li Yufang
Published: September 2021

To explore whether preoperative processing can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) surgery, in the study, an artificial intelligence-based algorithm was used to segment the CT images to assist doctors in decision making. The patients were divided into observation group (balanced anesthesia) and control group (general anesthesia) with SPSS. The observation group received balanced anesthesia half a day before the operation. The method of balanced anesthesia was to induce 0.2 mg/kg midazolam, 3 mg/kg propofol, 2 μg/kg remifentanil, 0.2 mg/kg vecuronium, 4∼5 mg/(kg·h) propofol, and 9∼11 μg/(kg·h) remifentanil continuous intravenous infusion to maintain anesthesia, and it was stopped once the patient defecated; the control group had general anesthesia in the afternoon after the operation, and it was stopped once the patient defecated. The time before the first exhaust and defecation after the surgery as well as the recovery time of bowel sound was recorded, and the degree of abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and gastrointestinal adverse reactions was evaluated at 22 hours, 46 hours, and 70 hours after the surgery. It was found that the accuracy of the artificial intelligence-based segmentation algorithm was 81%. The reconstruction accuracy of multidimensional liver could be observed at any angle, and the reconstruction accuracy was not lower than the resolution of original input CT. The calculation error was less than 9%, and the volume of whole liver, liver segment, preresection liver, and residual liver was less than 9%. The simulation accuracy of virtual liver surgery was not lower than the resolution of original input CT. The time before the first exhaust and defecation was shorter in the observation group versus the control group (

P

 < 0.05). The recovery time of bowel sound in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group (

P

 < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the scores of abdominal distension between the two groups at 22 h and 46 h after surgery (

P

 < 0.05). It suggested that both the observation group and the control group could improve the symptoms of gastrointestinal adverse reactions after surgery. Nevertheless, balanced anesthesia can shorten the time before the first exhaust and defecation after surgery and promote the recovery of postoperative bowel sound. Furthermore, balanced anesthesia can alleviate abdominal distension, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal adverse reactions, which should be promoted in clinic.
Multiscale Modeling of Meandering Fluvial Reservoir Architecture Based on Multiple-Point Geostatistics: A Case Study of the Minghuazhen Formation, Yangerzhuang Oilfield, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Li Jia , Lin Chengyan , Zhang Xianguo , Dong Chunmei , Wei Yannan , Ning Wenyan , Han Changcheng , Guo Wei
Published: September 2021

Meandering river reservoirs are essential targets for hydrocarbon exploration, although their characterization can be complex due to their multiscale heterogeneity. Multipoint geostatistics (MPS) has advantages in establishing reservoir architectural models. Training image (TI) stationarity is the main factor limiting the uptake of MPS modeling algorithms in subsurface modeling. A modeling workflow was designed to reproduce the distribution of heterogeneities at different scales in the Miocene Minghuazhen Formation of the Yangerzhuang Oilfield in the Bohai Bay Basin. Two TIs are established for different scales of architecture. An initial unconditional model generated with a process-based simulation method is used as the megascale TI. The mesoscale TI of the lateral accretion layers is characterized by an uneven spatial distribution of mudstone in length, thickness, frequency, and spacing. Models of different scales are combined by the probability cube obtained by lateral accretion azimuthal data as an auxiliary variable. Moreover, the permeability function sets are more suitable than the porosity model for collaboratively simulating the permeability model. Model verification suggests this workflow can accurately realize the multiscale stochastic simulation of channels, point bars, and lateral accretion layers of meandering fluvial reservoirs. The produced model conforms geologically realistically and enables the prediction of interwell permeability variation to enhance oil recovery.
Influencing Factors of Athletes’ Injury Rehabilitation from the Perspective of Internal Environment
Authors: Huang Xiang , Wang Xiaoping
Published: September 2021

Athlete’s injury recovery is related to the athlete’s personal value. A scientific and effective rehabilitation program will help athletes overcome their illnesses and return to the game as soon as possible. Based on the literature review and the internal environment perspective, this paper constructs a model of factors affecting athletes’ injury rehabilitation. Through the empirical analysis of 129 questionnaires, we have verified the research hypothesis of each factor. The research results show that psychological adjustment, rehabilitation learning, and video reflection have a significant positive impact on athletes’ injury rehabilitation, while imagery has no significant impact. This research provides a reference plan for athletes to adopt effective injury rehabilitation training methods. At the same time, we have also enriched the research literature on athletes’ injury rehabilitation solutions.
Effect of MiR-375 Regulates YAP1 on the Invasion, Apoptosis, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells
Authors: Hu Yi , Ma Yan , Luo Guifang , Liao Wenyan , Zhang Shufen , Li Genlin
Published: September 2021

Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is an important signaling pathway activator molecule. Studies have shown that it is involved in the occurrence of malignant tumors. This study identified a microRNA (miR/miRNA) targeting the 3′ untranslated region (3″ utr) of the YAP1 gene and evaluated its biological impact on human cervical cancer cells and related molecular mechanisms. qPCR and western blotting were used to detect the levels of miR-375 and YAP1 in HeLa cells. TargetScan software was used to identify the binding sites of YAP1 and miR-375. The MTT method was used to determine the viability of HeLa cells transfected with miR-375 mimic and YAP1 interference vector, the Transwell chamber experiment was used to detect the invasion of HeLa cells after transfection, the apoptosis of HeLa cells after transfection was detected by flow cytometry, and the western blotting was used to detect the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HeLa cells after transfection. The expression of miR-375 in HeLa cells was significantly lower than that of normal control cervical cells, and the expression of YAP1 in HeLa cells was significantly higher than that of normal control cervical cells. TargetScan analysis showed that miR-375 was bound to the 3′ UTR of YAP1. qPCR and western blot analysis showed that transfection of miR-375 mimics inhibited YAP1 expression in HeLa cells. Transfection of miR-375 mimic and YAP1 interference vector inhibited HeLa cell invasion and EMT and promoted HeLa cell apoptosis. These findings indicate that miR-375 inhibits the malignant development of human cervical cancer cells by regulating the expression of YAP1.
Existence, Decay, and Blow-Up of Solutions for a Higher-Order Kirchhoff-Type Equation with Delay Term
Authors: Yüksekkaya Hazal , Pişkin Erhan , Boulaaras Salah Mahmoud , Cherif Bahri Belkacem
Published: September 2021

This article deals with the study of the higher-order Kirchhoff-type equation with delay term in a bounded domain with initial boundary conditions, where firstly, we prove the global existence result of the solution. Then, we discuss the decay of solutions by using Nakao’s technique and denote polynomially and exponentially. Furthermore, the blow-up result is established for negative initial energy under appropriate conditions.
Fixed Point and Endpoint Theories for Two Hybrid Fractional Differential Inclusions with Operators Depending on an Increasing Function
Authors: Rezapour Sh. , Iqbal M. Q. , Hussain A. , Zada A. , Etemad S.
Published: September 2021

The main concentration of the present research is to explore several theoretical criteria for proving the existence results for the suggested boundary problem. In fact, for the first time, we formulate a new hybrid fractional differential inclusion in the

φ

-Caputo settings depending on an increasing function

φ

subject to separated mixed

φ

-hybrid-integro-derivative boundary conditions. In addition to this, we discuss a special case of the proposed

φ

-inclusion problem in the non-

φ

-hybrid structure with the help of the endpoint notion. To confirm the consistency of our findings, two specific numerical examples are provided which simulate both

φ

-hybrid and non-

φ

-hybrid cases.
Predicting Target Genes of San-Huang-Chai-Zhu Formula in Treating ANIT-Induced Acute Intrahepatic Cholestasis Rat Model via Bioinformatics Analysis Combined with Experimental Validation
Authors: Yao Jiaming , Yan Junbin , Wu Jinting , Yu Jianshun , He Beihui , Chen Xi , Chen Zhiyun
Published: September 2021

Background. San-Huang-Chai-Zhu formula (SHCZF) has been used to improve cholestasis for many years. This study aims to predict the possible gene targets of SHCZF in treating acute intrahepatic cholestasis (AIC) in rats. Materials and Methods. Eighteen SD rats were randomly assigned to the normal group, ANIT group, and ANIT + SHCZF group. Alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) was used to induce AIC. Serum biochemical indexes were detected in each group. After treatment, the livers were collected and used to extract RNA. The library was constructed by TruSeq RNA, sequenced by Illumina, and analyzed by various bioinformatics methods. qRT-PCR was used to verify the target genes related to the efficacy of SHCZF. Results. Serum ALT, AST, ALP, and TBIL were significantly higher in the ANIT group than in the normal group. Serum ALT and AST levels in the ANIT + SHCZF group were substantially lower than those in the ANIT group. A total of 354 intersected genes were screened by expression level correlation and PCA analysis, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and WGCNA and STEM analysis. Then, 4 overlapping genes were found by pathway/BP/gene network construction. SHCZF reversed the downregulation of expression of CYP4A1 and HACL1 and the upregulation of expression of DBI and F11R induced by ANIT. In addition, the qRT-PCR result showed that mRNA expression of CYP4A1, HACL1, and F11R genes in the liver was consistent with the prediction result of bioinformatics analysis. Conclusion. CYP4A1, HACL1, and F11R are genes related to the occurrence of ANIT-induced AIC in rats and may be considered as targets of SHCZF for the treatment of AIC.
The Positive Modulation Effect of a 6‐Week Consumption of an Anthocyanin‐Rich Mulberry Milk on Working Memory, Cholinergic, and Monoaminergic Functions in Healthy Working‐Age Adults
Authors: Thukham-mee Wipawee , Wattanathorn Jintanaporn , Paholpak Pongsatorn , Ransikachi Poonsri , Piyavhatkul Nawanant
Published: September 2021

Due to the increase of stress‐related memory impairment accompanying with the COVID‐19 pandemic and financial crisis, the prevention of cognitive decline induced by stress has gained much attention. Based on the evidence that an anthocyanin‐rich mulberry milk demonstrated the cognitive enhancing effect, we hypothesized that it should be able to enhance memory in working‐age volunteers who are exposed to working stress. This study is an open‐label, two‐arm randomized study. Both men and women volunteers at age between 18 and 60 years old were randomly assigned to consume the tested product either 1 or 2 servings daily for 6 weeks. All subjects were assessed for cortisol, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO), monoamine oxidase type A (MAO‐A), and monoamine oxidase type B (MAO‐B) in saliva, and their working memory was determined both at baseline and at a 6‐week period. The results showed that the working memory of subjects in both groups was enhanced at the end of the study period together with the reduction of saliva cortisol. The suppression of AChE, MAO, and MAO‐A was also observed in subjects who consumed the tested product 2 servings daily. Therefore, we suggest the memory enhancing effect of an anthocyanin‐rich mulberry milk. The possible mechanism may occur primarily via the suppression of cortisol. In addition, the high dose of mulberry milk also suppresses AChE, MAO, and MAO‐A.
EAD-Net: A Novel Lesion Segmentation Method in Diabetic Retinopathy Using Neural Networks
Authors: Wan Cheng , Chen Yingsi , Li Han , Zheng Bo , Chen Nan , Yang Weihua , Wang Chenghu , Li Yan
Published: September 2021

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common chronic fundus disease, which has four different kinds of microvessel structure and microvascular lesions: microaneurysms (MAs), hemorrhages (HEs), hard exudates, and soft exudates. Accurate detection and counting of them are a basic but important work. The manual annotation of these lesions is a labor-intensive task in clinical analysis. To solve the problem, we proposed a novel segmentation method for different lesions in DR. Our method is based on a convolutional neural network and can be divided into encoder module, attention module, and decoder module, so we refer it as EAD-Net. After normalization and augmentation, the fundus images were sent to the EAD-Net for automated feature extraction and pixel-wise label prediction. Given the evaluation metrics based on the matching degree between detected candidates and ground truth lesions, our method achieved sensitivity of 92.77%, specificity of 99.98%, and accuracy of 99.97% on the e_ophtha_EX dataset and comparable AUPR (Area under Precision-Recall curve) scores on IDRiD dataset. Moreover, the results on the local dataset also show that our EAD-Net has better performance than original U-net in most metrics, especially in the sensitivity and F1-score, with nearly ten percent improvement. The proposed EAD-Net is a novel method based on clinical DR diagnosis. It has satisfactory results on the segmentation of four different kinds of lesions. These effective segmentations have important clinical significance in the monitoring and diagnosis of DR.
[Retracted] Difference Analysis of Regional Economic Development Based on the SOM Neural Network with the Hybrid Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Cai Ying , Wang Xu , Xiong LiRan
Published: September 2021

Since the reform and opening up, China’s regional economy has developed rapidly. However, due to different starting points of economic development caused by the traditional distribution of productive forces and the differences in regions, resources, technologies, and policies, the level of economic development in different regions is uneven. Clustering analysis is a data mining method that clusters or classifies entities according to their characteristics and then discovers the whole spatial distribution law of datasets and typical patterns. It is of great significance to classify, compare, and study the economic development level of different regions in order to formulate the regional economic development strategy. In this paper, a self‐organizing feature map (SOM) neural network with the hybrid genetic algorithm is used to cluster the differences of regional economic development, the clustering results are evaluated, and the empirical results are good. From this, some meaningful conclusions can be drawn, which can provide reference for the decision‐making of coordinating regional economic development.
Evaluation of Rutting and Fatigue Behaviors of Asphalt Binders Modified with Calcium Lignosulfonate
Authors: Fatemi Saeed , Bolouri Bazaz Jafar , Ziaee Seyed Ali
Published: September 2021

Asphalt mixes encounter different distress during the life cycle of asphalt pavements, among which rutting and fatigue failure are prominent. Moreover, the addition of environmentally friendly modifiers into the asphalt binder to increase the performance of asphalt mixes has been a challenging phenomenon for researchers. Calcium lignosulfonate (CL) is a waste material that is a by‐product of the wood industry. In this paper, the impact of the calcium lignosulfonate on the rutting and fatigue performance of the asphalt binder was investigated. For this purpose, the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) was utilized to run the Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) test and evaluate G∗/sinδ and G∗·sinδ indices for the asphalt binder containing different percentages of CL. The elastic recovery test was also conducted on the asphalt binder. In order to analyze the thermal storage stability of CL‐modified asphalt binders, the storage stability test was considered. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope test showed that using CL as a binder modifier makes the texture of the asphalt binder spongy and porous. The conventional test results indicated that increasing the CL amount in the asphalt binder led to an increase in the stiffness of the asphalt binder. The rheological test results showed that the rutting resistance of the asphalt binder improved by adding up to 15% of the CL powder; however, the fatigue performance and the elasticity of the asphalt binder declined by increasing the CL content in the asphalt binder. The storage stability test revealed that the dispersion of CL in the asphalt binder was uniform; moreover, the presence of CL in the asphalt binder could not adversely affect the thermal storage stability of the modified asphalt binder.
Sports Information Acquisition and Functional Training System Based on Multisensor Information Fusion
Authors: Ma Zhonglin , Yu Zhihao , Zhang Jingshan
Published: September 2021

Since entering the 21st century, multisensor information fusion technology has developed rapidly, and multisensor information fusion is a trend in the coming years and even decades. This article is aimed at studying how the traditional sports information acquisition and functional training system can be implemented under the multisensor information fusion. This article proposes the use of multisensor information fusion technology to conduct an in‐depth study on the traditional ways of acquiring sports information and the cognition of sports information by different groups of people, as well as the use of multisensor information fusion technology to update the functional training system and discuss whether this new functional training system is in line with the speed and rhythm of the current era compared with the traditional training system. The results of obtaining sports information from different groups of people show that more people know about sports events at home and abroad, reaching 22.5%. Under the same circumstances, 60% of the elderly are willing to pay attention to sports information, while only 30% of the young people are willing to pay attention to sports information. And from 2016 to 2021, the number of people in functional training nationwide has increased from 200,000 to 1.5 million.
Combustion Turbulence Flow in the Advanced Vortex Combustor with Built-In Obstacles
Authors: Chen Yu , Zeng Zhuoxiong , Wang Haoyuan
Published: September 2021

To obtain the advanced vortex combustor (AVC) and its optimal structure parameters in light of built-in obstacles, numerical simulation was performed. This research shows that inclined struts have optimal structural parameters with inclination angle

α
=
30

° and blocking ratio

BR
=
12

%, while guide vane and its optimal structural parameter have three layers, which are

a
/
B
=
0.1

,

b
/
h
=
0.4

, and

c
/
L
=
0.2

, respectively; blunt body has the biggest height of

H

1

/

B

1

=
2
/
3

. According to these statistics, the research studies how inlet factors affect turbulence flow in combustion. The research finds increases in inlet velocity and flow resistance are in positive correlation. As inlet temperature increases, the flow resistance decreases. From field synergy theory, inlet factor has different effect on the heat transfer performance.
The Adverse Impact of Muddy Laminae on Conventional SAGD Performance and Improvement Strategy with the Multilateral Well Pattern
Authors: Yu Yang , Liu Shangqi , Bao Yu , Zhang Lixia , Xie Jia , Liu Yang , Liang Guangyue , Zhou Jiuning
Published: September 2021

With further progress of Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) technology, a growing number of oil sands or heavy oil reservoirs were put into production in an efficient way. However, owing to the existence of muddy laminae within reservoirs, there are challenges associated with the expansion of the steam chamber and oil drainage during the SAGD process. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the adverse impact of muddy laminae on conventional SAGD performance and introduce an improvement strategy with multilateral well patterns to reduce the adverse impact and improve the performance. In the research reported here, the reservoir numerical simulation approach is applied to conduct the research. The analysis conducted on a prototypical reservoir reveals that the steam chamber may expand slowly in some sections due to the poor capacity of heat and mass transfer, and the expansion of the steam chamber is relatively uneven along the wellbore, when the muddy laminae are existing in the formation. The influence level of the muddy laminae on conventional SAGD performance under different distribution modes is different, but the adverse effect is mainly reflected in the delay of peak oil production, the decrease in peak oil production, the decrease in steam chamber volume, and the increase in the cumulative steam oil ratio (mainly in early and middle stages of the SAGD process). On the basis of aforementioned researches, the improvement strategy with two different multilateral well patterns, planar multilateral well and upward multilateral well, is introduced to improve the SAGD performance. The results indicate that the combination of a planar multilateral injector and planar multilateral producer has the best performance. By adopting such kind of combination, the recovery factor can be increased from 31.36% to 47.08%, and the cumulative steam oil ratio can be decreased from 5.29 m3/m3 to 4.64 m3/m3 under the combined distribution mode of muddy laminae. It can be known that the branches of the planar multilateral well are very helpful for the expansion of the steam chamber and oil drainage, once the heat connection between branches of the injector and producer is well established. Overall results show that the multilateral well pattern is promising for SAGD applications at oil sands or heavy oil reservoirs which are rich in muddy laminae.
Research on Credit Evaluation of Financial Enterprises Based on the Genetic Backpropagation Neural Network
Authors: Peng Hua
Published: September 2021

In this paper, an improved neural network enterprise credit rating model, which is grounded on a genetic algorithm, is suggested. With the characteristics of self-adaptiveness and self-learning, the genetic algorithm is utilized to adjust and enhance the thresholds and weights of the neural network connections. The potential problems of the backpropagation (BP) neural network with slothful speed of convergence and the possibility of falling into the local minimum point are solved to a convinced degree using the genetic algorithm in combination. The hybrid technique of the genetic BP neural network is applied to a credit rating system. Using commercial banks’ datasets, our experimental evaluations suggest that, using a combination of the BP neural network and the genetic algorithm, the proposed model has high accuracy in enterprise credit rating and has good application value. Moreover, the proposed model is approximately 15.9% more accurate than the classical BP neural network approach.
Impact of the First Wave of COVID-19 on the Number of General Anesthesia Cases in 34 Tertiary Hospitals in Japan: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Takazawa Tomonori , Sugiyama Yuki , Amano Yasuhiro , Hara Tetsuhito , Kanemaru Eiki , Kato Takao , Kawano Takashi , Kochiyama Tsukasa , Tsuji Tatsuya , Saito Shigeru
Published: September 2021

Since the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in Japan in January 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought about a significant change in people’s lives. Although the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have had an impact on the work of anesthesiologists, the specific impact has been largely unreported. We hypothesized that the number of general anesthesia (GA) cases has decreased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a retrospective survey at 34 facilities in Japan as a part of the Japanese Epidemiologic Study for Perioperative Anaphylaxis. The results showed that the number of GA cases had significantly decreased, particularly in May 2020, under the government’s declaration of a state of emergency. The decline in GA caseload had not fully recovered by July 2020. Furthermore, there were regional differences in the decline in the number of GA cases. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the work of anesthesiologists was greater in prefectures where there were more COVID-19 patients and where the state of emergency was declared earlier. Our study suggested a region-dependent decrease in the number of GA cases due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Enabling Efficient Decentralized and Privacy Preserving Data Sharing in Mobile Cloud Computing
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Lu Ning , Li Teng , Ma Jianfeng
Published: September 2021

Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is embracing rapid development these days and able to provide data outsourcing and sharing services for cloud users with pervasively smart mobile devices. Although these services bring various conveniences, many security concerns such as illegally access and user privacy leakage are inflicted. Aiming to protect the security of cloud data sharing against unauthorized accesses, many studies have been conducted for fine‐grained access control using ciphertext‐policy attribute‐based encryption (CP‐ABE). However, a practical and secure data sharing scheme that simultaneously supports fine‐grained access control, large university, key escrow free, and privacy protection in MCC with expressive access policy, high efficiency, verifiability, and exculpability on resource‐limited mobile devices has not been fully explored yet. Therefore, we investigate the challenge and propose an Efficient and Multiauthority Large Universe Policy‐Hiding Data Sharing (EMA‐LUPHDS) scheme. In this scheme, we employ fully hidden policy to preserve the user privacy in access policy. To adapt to large scale and distributed MCC environment, we optimize multiauthority CP‐ABE to be compatible with large attribute universe. Meanwhile, for the efficiency purpose, online/offline and verifiable outsourced decryption techniques with exculpability are leveraged in our scheme. In the end, we demonstrate the flexibility and high efficiency of our proposal for data sharing in MCC by extensive performance evaluation.
Optimal Liquidation Behaviour Analysis for Stochastic Linear and Nonlinear Systems of Self‐Exciting Model with Decay
Authors: Ma Jiangming , Luo Xiankang
Published: September 2021

When the market environment changes, we extend the self‐exciting price impact model and further analysis of investors’ liquidation behaviour. It is assumed that the model is accompanied by an exponential decay factor when the temporary impact and its coefficient are linear and nonlinear. Using the optimal control method, we obtain that the optimal liquidation behaviours satisfy the second‐order nonlinear ODEs with variable coefficients in the case of linear and nonlinear temporary impact. Next, we solve the ODEs and get the form of the investors’ optimal liquidation behaviour in four cases. Furthermore, we prove the decreasing properties of the optimal liquidation behaviour under the linear temporary impact. Through numerical simulation, we further explain the influence of the changed parameters ρ, a, b, x, and α on the investors’ liquidation strategy Xt in twelve scenarios. Some interesting properties have been found.
Minimum Void Ratio Model Established from Tailings and Determination of Optimal Void Ratio
Authors: Li Shibo , Liang Hao , Li Hao , Ma Jianquan , Li Bin
Published: September 2021

Minimum void ratio of tailings and its value change with fine content and are key design parameters for tailing consolidation and seepage stability. Based on the distribution of tailing grains with the sedimentary beach, we establish a minimum void ratio model for tailing grain in binary size, which requires only two parameters (

ε

and

ω

). Calibrations of the model using 168 groups of tests (22 kinds of grain size ratios with 7-9 kinds of fine contents) show two parameters that are fitting for power function, and the exponent values increase with the dominant grain size expanded. Besides, the exponent values are related to the equivalent grain size ratio, dominant grain size, and shape characteristics. The minimum void ratios with fine content are predicted under the derived model. Good agreement was obtained between the predictions and measurements, and the average discrepancies are less than 10%. And optimal void ratio and optimal fine content can be predicted, and the values are in good agreement with the experimental ones. Furthermore, based on the predicted optimal void ratio, the exponential relationship between the optimal void ratio and the equivalent grain size ratio may have no influence on the derived dominant grain size and shape characteristics. For tailings, further work is needed to verify if the derived exponential relationship between the optimal void ratio and the equivalent grain size ratio is valid.
A Method for Reconstruction of Boiler Combustion Temperature Field Based on Acoustic Tomography
Authors: Wu Yuhui , Zhou Xinzhi , Zhao Li , Dong Chenlong , Wang Hailin
Published: September 2021

Acoustic tomography (AT), as a noninvasive temperature measurement method, can achieve temperature field measurement in harsh environments. In order to achieve the measurement of the temperature distribution in the furnace and improve the accuracy of AT reconstruction, a temperature field reconstruction algorithm based on the radial basis function (RBF) interpolation method optimized by the evaluation function (EF-RBFI for short) is proposed. Based on a small amount of temperature data obtained by the least square method (LSM), the RBF is used for interpolation. And, the functional relationship between the parameter of RBF and the root-mean-square (RMS) error of the reconstruction results is established in this paper, which serves as the objective function for the effect evaluation, so as to determine the optimal parameter of RBF. The detailed temperature description of the entire measured temperature field is finally established. Through the reconstruction of three different types of temperature fields provided by Dongfang Boiler Works, the results and error analysis show that the EF-RBFI algorithm can describe the temperature distribution information of the measured combustion area globally and is able to reconstruct the temperature field with high precision.
Subsurface Thermal Modeling of Oxia Planum, Landing Site of ExoMars 2022
Authors: Formisano M. , De Sanctis M. C. , Federico C. , Magni G. , Altieri F. , Ammannito E. , De Angelis S. , Ferrari M. , Frigeri A.
Published: September 2021

Numerical simulations are required to thermophysically characterize Oxia Planum, the landing site of the mission ExoMars 2022. A drilling system is installed on the ExoMars rover, and it will be able to analyze down to 2 meters in the subsurface of Mars. The spectrometer Ma_MISS (Mars Multispectral Imager for Subsurface, Coradini and Da Pieve, 2001) will investigate the lateral wall of the borehole generated by the drill, providing hyperspectral images. It is not fully clear if water ice can be found in the subsurface at Oxia Planum. However, Ma_MISS has the capability to characterize and map the presence of possible ices, in particular water ice. We performed simulations of the subsurface temperatures by varying the thermal inertia, and we quantified the effects of self-heating. Moreover, we quantified the heat released by the drilling operations, by exploring different frictional coefficients and angular drill velocities, in order to evaluate the lifetime of possible water ice.