bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the effectiveness of online courses in international trade using deep learning
Authors: Zhang Zhaozhe , Andrés Javier De
Published: November 2024

The development of the world economy has prompted various countries to pay more attention to the teaching of online international trade courses based on deep learning. In the Internet age, online teaching has become an essential way for people to receive education. To guide the public in obtaining high-quality online teaching resources related to international trade, we propose an evaluation method for the implementation of international trade online courses based on deep learning. Firstly, by analyzing the characteristics of online education in international trade courses, we decompose the evaluation methods of online courses in international trade. Then, using deep learning technology, we propose a fusion method of multimodal evaluation features of online courses in international trade. Finally, we design a classification model to realize the effect evaluation of the course by inputting the fused features. Experiments show that our method can accurately evaluate the effect of international trade online courses, with an accuracy of 78.53%.
Identificación Grupal y Justificación de los Chilenos al Uso de Tácticas Violentas en la Protesta
Authors: Valeria-Zambrano María Teresa
Published: November 2024

Chile ha sido testigo de diferentes movilizaciones y protesta sociales, que abarcan desde repertorios disruptivos hasta acciones transgresivas y violentas. Aunque la comprensión de las motivaciones detrás de las protestas ha sido central en estudios sociológicos, politológicos y psicológicos sociales, hasta ahora, hay una falta de investigación específica sobre la justificación del uso de tácticas violentas en las protestas en Chile y también de un grupo en particular que fue mencionado, sobre todo en el estallido social: los manifestantes de primera línea. Esta investigación buscó explorar las relaciones entre la eficacia percibida de las acciones violentas, las emociones grupales positivas hacia el grupo manifestante de primera línea y la identificación con dicho grupo. El objetivo final fue evaluar los niveles de justificación atribuidos por la población chilena al uso de tácticas violentas en protestas. Se utilizó una encuesta no probabilística con 2,533 casos y se realizó un análisis de ecuaciones estructurales, para evaluar la relación de las variables. Los resultados destacan un efecto positivo y significativo de la eficacia percibida y las emociones grupales positivas, mediadas por la identificación grupal, en la justificación de la violencia en las protestas en Chile. En resumen, a medida que la percepción de eficacia de las acciones violentas aumenta y las emociones positivas hacia los manifestantes de primera línea crecen, la identificación grupal se intensifica, lo que a su vez conduce a una mayor justificación del uso de tácticas violentas en la protesta en Chile.
Retorno a las Bases: Marcos Conceptuales para la Formación de Pregrado de Psicólogos y Psicólogas en Chile
Authors: Rehbein Lucio , Boero Paula , Concha-Salgado Andrés , Godoy María Pía , Herrera Viviana , Labbé Christian
Published: November 2024

El estudio buscó identificar un compendio conceptual básico para quienes completen su formación de pregrado, en cualquier carrera de psicología impartida en Chile. Este esfuerzo surgió ante la necesidad de consensuar contenidos curriculares mínimos, que provean un andamiaje conceptual claro y contribuyan a otorgar garantías de calidad para la formación de todas y todos los estudiantes. En términos específicos, el estudio consistió en identificar, con la ayuda de jueces expertos, los 100 conceptos más importantes de conocer y manejar en cada una de las siguientes 12 subáreas disciplinarias: Procesos psicológicos básicos, Bases biológicas de la conducta, Motivación y emoción, Psicología del desarrollo, Procesos cognitivos, Métodos cuantitativos de investigación, Métodos cualitativos de investigación, Psicología social, Psicología de la personalidad, Psicología anormal, Historia de la Psicología y Psicometría. El equipo de investigación compiló doce listados preliminares de conceptos, a partir de índices y glosarios de textos y manuales, los que fueron preparados y presentados de manera aleatoria mediante una administración remota a los jueces expertos de cada subárea, a través de formularios en línea. Un total de 104 académicos/as, adscritos a 22 universidades, con un promedio de 11,2 años de experiencia docente, aceptaron evaluar la importancia que, a su juicio, tiene cada uno de 100 conceptos de su área, para la formación de un/a licenciado/a en psicología. El presente artículo presenta los resultados de este proceso, y argumenta a favor de la importancia de generar estándares para la formación de pregrado en Psicología.
Management of High-grade Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear: A Case Report on Integrating Physiotherapy and Ayurvedic Therapy
Authors: Rai Mayank , Wajpeyi Sadhana Misar , Gamne Reeya
Published: November 2024

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tears are frequently managed surgically in conventional medicine; however, some patients seek alternative treatments due to personal preferences or contraindications. This case presents a 55-year-old male who suffered a high-grade complete ACL tear following a road traffic accident and fall. Despite recommendations for surgical intervention from multiple allopathic surgeons based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings, the patient opted for an integrative approach combining Ayurvedic herbal and Panchakarma therapies with physiotherapy. The Ayurvedic treatment aimed to reduce inflammation, promote tissue regeneration, and enhance joint stability, utilising herbal medicines and therapeutic procedures such as snehana (oleation), basti (therapeutic enema), alepa (external application), and upanaha swedana (poultice). Concurrently, physiotherapy focused on strengthening the surrounding musculature, improving Range of Motion (ROM), and enhancing functional mobility. Over the treatment period, the patient experienced substantial pain relief, reduced knee swelling, and significant improvement in functional ability, enabling a return to daily activities without surgical intervention. This case underscores the efficacy and feasibility of an integrative approach in managing ACL tears, providing a holistic non surgical option for patients who are reluctant or unsuitable for conventional surgical interventions.
Coverage and Effectiveness of Influenza and Pneumococcal Immunization in Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ahmad Shabir , Dangroo Mushtaq A , Sharief Umer , Farooq Amir , Parveen Roksana , Rather Jawad Iqbal
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Patients with Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease (AIIRD) are at an increased risk of developing infectious diseases. Vaccination is recommended for these patients by various societies as a preventive strategy. Despite this, the coverage of vaccination is exceedingly low, especially in developing countries. Aim: To estimate the coverage of pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations, as well as Vaccine Effectiveness (VE). Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted over a duration of one year, from December 2021 to December 2022, in the Department of Internal Medicine and Allied Specialties at the Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. All consenting AIIRD patients aged over 18 years were enrolled in the outpatient department of Internal Medicine and Allied Specialties at SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. A history of seasonal influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations was obtained. The coverage of vaccination was determined, and patients were followed-up over a period of one year to assess VE. The Chi-square test was used for comparing categorical values, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Results: This study included 438 patients, of which 348 (79.5%) were females and 90 (20.5%) were males. The mean age of the study population was 38±11.8 years. Out of 438 patients, only 100 (22.8%) were vaccinated against influenza, while a total of 90 (20.5%) patients had received one or more doses of pneumococcal vaccines. The incidence of symptomatic influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia was higher in the unvaccinated groups. Both vaccines were found to be safe and effective, with a VE of 73.21% for the influenza vaccine and 65.26% for the pneumococcal vaccine. Conclusion: Present study reveals an overall low coverage of these vaccinations among patients with AIIRD in the region, which needs to be addressed. The findings indicate that influenza and pneumococcal vaccines are safe and effective for patients with AIIRD.
The Role of Strategic Human Resources Management in Merger and Acquisition in Access Bank Nigeria II
Authors: Paul Igwe, Chijioke , Yirenkyiwaa Ntow, Rebecca , Enonuya Omagbemi Toritsemotse , Peter Igwe, Ejikeme
Published: November 2024

This research study investigates the role of SHRM in M&As in Access bank, Nigeria during its mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in 2019. It further explores the relations, and factors impacting both SHRM and M&As. It further explores employees’ retention (EI), integration (I) and effective communication (EC) being the components of SHRM and organizational outcome (OO), being the component of M&As respectively.  It also explores how the aim and goals of research align with the developed conceptual framework in the model hypotheses in literature. Likert-scale questionnaires were developed from Google form and administered to 226 participants.  The collected data is analyzed by SPSS tool and excel and are interpreted, through correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Thus, the findings and results demonstrate significant association between the independent variable - I, ER, EC, and dependent variable - organization outcome.  20.4% variance in outcome is accounted for integration - the percentage explains or predicts how well integration is carried-out, while the inclusion of employee retention and effective communication accounted for 26.5% and 38.7% variance in outcome respectively. With EC being the most influential of the three, and how well a company keeps it employees is explained by 26.5%. Correlation results in section 1.11.1 and 1.11.2 support each other with no direct contradiction between non-collinearity tests and correlation analysis, while the moderate correlation demonstrates significant association thus, making allowance for reliance and meaningful contributions of each variable in the model. In conclusion, significant input is made in literature and further study underscores the importance of improved SHRM strategies and innovativeness.
A Review of Omics Technologies in Seafood Safety and Quality Control: Integrating Modern Approaches with Traditional Practices
Authors: Chaudhary Palak , Choudhary Komal , Rajput Reshu
Published: November 2024

To ensure food security and quality of seafood products: As demand for quality food is increasing with the increase in population accurate identification of microorganisms causing spoilage of food becomes significant which is easily possible with the help of omics technology. Omics technology works at cellular and molecular levels. This technology can identify and detect low levels of contamination by pathogenic and bacteria spoilage and can be used to study the effect caused by processing and storage of seafood products. The collective use of omics technologies that include genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, epitranscriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, immunomics, microbiomics etc, helps in maintaining food quality. On other side HACCP also helps in maintaining food quality it is systematic approach which includes conducting of hazard analysis, determining critical control points (CCPs), establishment of critical limits, monitoring of CCPs, establishment of corrective actions, verification of system, and record keeping. Its main objective is to identify and manage potential hazards throughout the food production process. Due to the highly perishable nature of seafood, it becomes important to have good processing techniques which will enhance the storage life of seafood. Preservation techniques include traditional, modern and emerging technologies. All these practices at the end contribute to the quality and quantity of seafood products.
Comparison of Profile Attractiveness after Compensatory Filler in Different Regions of the Face in Individuals with Chin Deficiency
Authors: Fontanari Roberta , Oliveira Renata Cristina , Oliveira Ricardo César Gobbi de , Valarelli Fabricio Pinelli , Cotrin Paula , Pinzan-Vercelino Célia Regina Maio , Freitas Karina Maria Salvatore
Published: November 2024

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the profile attractiveness after compensatory filler in different regions of the face of individuals with chin deficiency.
Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 24 patients with chin deficiency treated compensatorily with facial fillers. The patients were divided into 3 groups: Group C- Chin: 11 patients (1 man, 10 women), with a mean age of 31.27 years (s.d.=9.72), who received chin filler with iPRF. Group CN- Chin and Nose: 9 patients (2 men, 7 women), with a mean age of 32.33 years (s.d.=8.17), who, in addition to filler the chin with iPRF, also received rhinomodeling. Group CNL- Chin, Nose and Lips: 4 patients (4 women), with a mean age of 29.00 years (s.d.=4.24), who received, in addition to filler the chin with iPRF and rhinoplasty, filler of the lips with iPRF. The attractiveness of the profile before and after the filler was evaluated in profile photographs with scores from 1 to 10, with 1 being less attractive and 10 the most attractive. The evaluation was performed by 82 individuals, 45 specialists in Orthodontics or Orofacial Harmonization (27 female, 18 male, mean age 39.11 years, s.d.=9.06) and 37 laypeople (27 female, 10 male, mean age of 39.88 years, s.d.=15.97). The comparison between groups C, CN and CNL was performed by the one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests and for the comparison between specialists and laypeople, the independent t-test was used.
Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the profile attractiveness among the different types of compensatory facial filler. After filler, the CNL group became the most attractive, followed by the CN group and lastly and the least attractive was the profile of the C group. The amount of improvement with the compensatory filler was greater in the CNL group, followed by the CN group and lesser in the C group. In the evaluation performed by laypeople, the improvement and attractiveness of the profile after filler were significantly greater than in the specialists’ assessment.
Conclusion: The filler of the chin, nose and lips resulted in a greater attractiveness of the facial profile, followed by the filler of the chin and nose, and lastly, the filler of the chin only.
Comparative Analysis And Evaluation Of Traditional And Deep Learning Approaches To Word Sense Disambiguation
Authors: Sharma Ishita
Published: November 2024

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is a critical task in Natural Language Processing (NLP) that focuses on identifying the correct meaning of ambiguous words in a given context. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and comparative analysis of traditional and deep learning approaches to WSD. Traditional methods, including knowledge-based and statistical models, are evaluated alongside deep learning techniques, such as neural networks and transformers, using performance metrics like accuracy, precision, and recall on established datasets. Additionally, this study will also review existing evaluation metrics to better capture the variations of the WSD system. The findings aim to enhance the understanding of WSD techniques and their implications for advancing NLP applications
"Illustrating Wounds: Social And Cultural Trauma In Indian Graphic Novels"
Authors: Singh Ms. Punyaprada , George Dr Mercy
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the representation of social and cultural trauma in Indian graphic novels, focusing on Bhimayana, This Side, That Side, and Kari. These graphic novels explore varied forms of trauma—caste-based discrimination, Partition-related generational trauma, and identity struggles related to gender and sexuality— through unique visual and narrative techniques. By employing traditional Gond art, fragmented storytelling, and monochromatic symbolism, these works invite readers to engage deeply with the experiences of marginalized communities. This study analyzes how visual elements such as color, panel transitions, and symbolic imagery amplify the emotional impact of trauma, fostering empathy and awareness. The findings highlight the importance of graphic novels as a medium for social commentary, showcasing their potential to shape cultural discourse and promote understanding within contemporary Indian society. While the study is limited to a few prominent works, it suggests future research on the broader spectrum of Indian graphic novels, emphasizing the need for exploring newer and regionally diverse narratives that depict various forms of social trauma.
Data-Driven Solutions For Forest Fire Management: A Case-Study Of Korea’s Integrated Forest Disaster Management System
Authors: Park William
Published: November 2024

This study adopts a data-driven approach to forest fire prediction and monitoring to examine the development, implementation, and outcomes of Korea's Integrated Forest Disaster Management System (FDMS). Against the backdrop of increasing wildfire risks exacerbated by climate change, as well as the unique forested landscape of South Korea, the Korea Forest Service (KFS) has initiated a multiphase project to enhance real-time fire response capabilities through technological integration and interagency collaboration. Using a qualitative case-study approach, data were collected through document analysis and semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, including government officials and technical experts. The findings reveal significant challenges and strategies for addressing interdivisional resistance, enhancing data management systems, and promoting stakeholder engagement to optimize system usage. The FDMS development involved a series of task forces, progressive system upgrades, and extensive training efforts to build a platform integrating data from multiple agencies and supporting real-time decision-making through multiple tools, such as the "Smart Forest Disaster Management" application. This study highlights how the case study of Korea can be an example to other regions facing similar ecological and technological challenges in wildfire management, underscoring the importance of continuous system refinement, cross-sectoral coordination, and strategic use of ICT in environmental disaster response.
Adult Education
Authors: Antonios Tsartsarakis , Rodopi Kyriakidou
Published: November 2024

Adult education has been in the spotlight in recent years and many teachers choose to engage in it, mainly for personal, social and professional purposes. Adults, trying to cope with constant growth, acquire more and more qualifications, either for personal pleasure or to achieve goals and ambitions. The acquisition of qualifications in Greece is done through various training programs, which are now also done with the help of modern technological means, such as digital platforms and online courses. In addition to the above, adult education can help educate immigrants for their faster integration into society. As the characteristics of adult learners differ from those of children, adult education offers more flexibility and the individual needs and aspirations of each learner are taken into account.
Breaking The Middle-Income Barrier: A Study Of Patent Trends In High-Performing And Trapped Economies
Authors: Prajapati Vishwajeet Singh
Published: November 2024

Middle-income works as a barrier for some of the economies and lack of innovation is said to be one of the factors responsible for the low performance of various middle – income economies. The present study discusses the significance of innovation considering only one of the factors of innovation that is the patents granted by technology to various countries. The study uses descriptive, comparative and inferential statistics for the analysis. The study found no significant impact of patents granted by technology to escape the middle - income trap. The high performing economies India and Poland having positive correlation while China also is a high performing economy but shows a negative correlation. China as a high performing economy shows higher growth in absolute and relative terms in patents granted by technology. India is a high performing economy and Philippines is a low performing economy but India and Philippines show similar correlation. Brazil and Malaysia are low performing economies but show a negative correlation as China shows. Conclusively no proper significance was found the economies under consideration
Glucocorticoid receptor suppresses gene expression of Rev‐erbα (Nr1d1) through interaction with the CLOCK complex
Authors: Murayama Yuki , Yahagi Naoya , Takeuchi Yoshinori , Aita Yuichi , Mehrazad Saber Zahra , Wada Nobuhiro , Li EnXu , Piao Xianying , Sawada Yoshikazu , Shikama Akito , Masuda Yukari , Nishi‐Tatsumi Makiko , Kubota Midori , Izumida Yoshihiko , Miyamoto Takafumi , Sekiya Motohiro , Matsuzaka Takashi , Nakagawa Yoshimi , Sugano Yoko , Iwasaki Hitoshi , Kobayashi Kazuto , Yatoh Shigeru , Suzuki Hiroaki , Yagyu Hiroaki , Kawakami Yasushi , Shimano Hitoshi
Published: January 2019

Glucocorticoids have various medical uses but are accompanied by side effects. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) has been reported to regulate the clock genes, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. In this study, we focused on the suppressive effect of the GR on the expression of Rev‐erbα (Nr1d1), an important component of the clock regulatory circuits. Here we show that the GR suppresses Rev‐erbα expression via the formation of a complex with CLOCK and BMAL1, which binds to the E‐boxes in the Nr1d1 promoter. In this GR‐CLOCK‐BMAL1 complex, the GR does not directly bind to DNA, which is referred to as tethering. These findings provide new insights into the role of the GR in the control of circadian rhythm.
The Visual Diary, the Conceptual Framework, the Practices, and the Frames: Pedagogical Possibilities of the Secondary Visual Arts Curriculum in New SouthWales,Australia
Authors: Lasczik Alexandra
Published: January 2019

In Australia, the New South Wales (NSW) visual arts secondary syllabi offer a highly elegant curriculum, developed in the late 1990s. This curriculum allows for a range of tailored pedagogical approaches, which can be adapted specifically to the needs of individual students, school cultures, teacher expertise, and available resources. Teachers are able to use their particular pedagogical content knowledge to enact ergonomic responses to the structures of this curriculum, in order to enable deep engagement through creative and critical thinking in distinctive ways. Through the lenses of the “Conceptual Framework,” the “Frames,” and the “Practices,” teachers in NSW have the freedom to structure learning in highly individuated modalities. This chapter explores the pedagogical possibilities of this curriculum from both the teacher's and the teacher educator's perspectives.
Wisdom and Engagement: Connecting Aging, Art Education, Creativity, and Learning
Authors: Bourgault Rébecca
Published: January 2019

Older adults are today healthier, they live longer, and many are economically more fortunate than previous generations. Studies of the biological and emotional benefits of creativity interwoven with the advantages of contemporary longevity demonstrate that older adults' engagement in artistic activities encourages health‐promoting behaviors. This chapter explores how art pedagogies and contexts of learning have been adapted to engage older adults in creative practices in the visual arts. It examines theories of learning in adult education as well as art education for older adults, describing the variations in praxis that developed from observations and research. Art education approaches for older adults benefit from the potentials of andragogical models and transformative learning theory. Beyond the pedagogies employed in formal education and community‐based art projects, the social support found in communities of practice such as the University of the Third Age and the self‐determined autonomy characteristic of heutagogical approaches are also examined.
Art and Design Education inOman
Authors: Al‐Amri Mohammed
Published: January 2019

Modern art and design education systems were introduced to the Middle East by Western countries, including England, France, and Italy. As a Middle Eastern country, Oman was also influenced by the Egyptian system of art and design pedagogy, which had been shaped by English methods of teaching art. The impact of this can be seen throughout the Omani art education system, from early childhood to higher education. This chapter focuses on art education in Oman in a broad sense, discussing the issues related to the pedagogical aspects of art and design. It discusses the reform of art education with reference to the new national art and design curriculum. It also sets out the historical background of art and design in higher education in Oman, with a particular focus on the development of the institutions involved in training art and design teachers in Oman.
Developing Competent Teachers of Art in the Primary School
Authors: Gregory Peter
Published: January 2019

It has been claimed that competent teachers of art develop over time – through their own childhood experiences and knowledge gained while at school, together with their professional training (as pre‐service teachers) and their continuing professional development postqualification. This chapter carefully considers the evidence base for such assertions before turning attention to the ways in which specialist and nonspecialist primary school teachers actually teach art in their classrooms. The differences implied in studies about the teachers who led the subject in schools in the UK may provide a helpful framework but the main focus of the chapter is in the assumed links between training, support, and the learning opportunities made available to children in the classroom. The potential – and, where possible, the actual – impact of the teacher's attitude and beliefs will be acknowledged and considered before being used to set out the challenges for art educators at all levels of development.
The Experiment of Black Mountain College, 1933–1957
Authors: Lane Steven
Published: January 2019

Black Mountain College operated in the USA from 1933 to 1957 as a nonaccredited progressive educational experiment that focused on the visual arts as the center of a liberal arts education. Over the span of the college's 23‐year existence, the total enrollment was approximately 1,200 students. The college was in constant flux with each semester differing from the previous depending on the faculty and students who were there. What remained constant throughout was the college's mission to teach art through hands‐on experimentation, a pedagogy that has had a pronounced influence on contemporary art and art education. Black Mountain College closed by court order in 1957 due to its mounting debt and decreasing student enrollment.
A Short History of the International Society for Education through Art (
InSEA
)
Authors: Steers John
Published: January 2019

This chapter outlines the history of the International Society for Education through Art (InSEA) from its beginnings in the aftermath of the 1939–1945 World War to the present day. It includes lists of presidents, other key figures, and world and regional congresses. Significant events and publications are referenced. It is noted that the digital revolution has only recently allowed InSEA to achieve many of the ambitions of its founders, and it is concluded that these advances will enable InSEA to thrive in the future.
Art Media and Technology
Authors: Leonard Nicholas
Published: January 2019

This chapter summarizes common artistic media and techniques that are used to teach art and that enable students to create art. The artistic media discussed are categorized into three separate groups: two‐dimensional, three‐dimensional, and new media. While the first two categories may be considered traditional media, it is important to note that contemporary artists actively use and explore these media to produce new possibilities for artistic development. New media are influenced by technological developments that create new tools for artist to use in the production of artworks.
Middle‐Level Curriculum in Art and Design
Authors: Etherington Matthew M.
Published: January 2019

This chapter presents the various design models, logics, and strategies used in inaugural middle‐level program design and/or reform. In addition to these resources, it also provides relevant and contextual background information of the art and design educational field as a whole so that stakeholders can analyze key historical and contemporary trends that influence art and design programming. The chapter also critically examines and reviews the major ideas in philosophy and learning theory that affect current middle‐level pedagogy, and offers suggestions for future student outcomes and curriculum growth. Finally, the middle‐level learners who participate in the enacted curriculum represent a critical component of a curriculum's design. A foundational primer of the behavioral, cognitive, and developmental characteristics typically found in middle‐level learners is provided so that educational stakeholders may know the developmentally appropriate concepts, themes, and resources. The tools presented assist with middle‐level curriculum creation including art‐making practices, assessments, and the management of the social and physical environments of middle‐level art and design classrooms.
Asian Art in the International Curriculum
Authors: Wang Shei‐Chau
Published: January 2019

This chapter surveys the Asian art curriculum in non‐Asian countries, addresses trends in teaching Asian art, and identifies the essentials of Asian art curricula. It discusses authenticity, the significance of artistic practice and aesthetic values, perceptions of space in art forms in different cultures to help understand cultural context and symbolism as the foundation of teaching Asian art.
Studio Art: Pedagogical Contexts and Possibilities
Authors: Blaikie Fiona
Published: January 2019

Aesthetic and visual principles of art, design, and craft characterize high school studio art that contrasts with a contemporary art anti‐aesthetic. Making is positioned as key to connectivity by engaging in thinking through making, inquiry through making, and critique through making. Thinking through making invites self‐reflexivity and theorizing about studio practices in which internal and external habitus situate making ontologically, culturally, and in relation to aesthetic values: Nothing is objective. Inquiry through making invites questions about value, quality, and meaning in relation to the expression of ideas. Critique through making offers insights about personal, sociopolitical, cultural, and aesthetic contexts. Essential resources are the embodied self as a makerspace in relation to collective external makerspaces. Conceptualizing studio art as art‐making, art‐thinking, art inquiry, and art critique offers the potential for coherent, connected, generative, and transformative studio art experiences across the gap between high school and university.
Artistic Development
Authors: Sheridan Kimberly M.
Published: January 2019

Creating, interpreting, and valuing art and design products in a wide variety of media, genres, and styles are fundamental aspects of human development that are situated in particular socio‐historical‐cultural contexts. Artistic development explores how we come to gain the capacities to create, interpret, and value, and can be broadly conceptualized in terms of three spheres. First, the universal (or near universal) evolved capacities that underlie our aesthetic and artistic functioning, which unfold as we mature, sensitize us to the aesthetic properties of the world and enable us to make representations of meanings and to communicate meaning through artistic forms and concepts to others. Second, cultural components influence what aspects of art and design are emphasized, who produces and consumes these, and how artistic development is encouraged. Third, in terms of individual aspects, we each have unique biopsychological profiles and a life history that shapes our engagement with the arts. Drawing on historical and contemporary research on how we create, interpret, and value art and design products, this chapter identifies the ways in which artistic development has been conceptualized and uses them to show how the universal, cultural, and individual spheres integrate to produce patterns of artistic development in children and over the life span.
Virtual Art and Design Education
Authors: (Sandrine) Han Hsiao‐Cheng
Published: January 2019

This chapter focuses on virtual world environments, specifically computer‐generated three‐dimensional animated environments, which include computer games and simulations. This chapter defines what virtual worlds are and explores art and design education research that has been conducted in or that relates to virtual worlds. These research topics include virtual art and design in relation to galleries and museums in virtual worlds; games in art education; visual literacy in the virtual world; identity, gender, and the formation of avatars; K–12 and higher education; and the visual community and assessment. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how virtual experiences can be transformed into real‐world learning experiences.
Higher Education Visual Arts and Inclusion
Authors: Hatton Kate
Published: January 2019

Generally, the study of the visual arts in higher education includes studio practice and artistic theory encompassing fine art and its related fields (such as painting, sculpture, conceptual art, and art history). However, art at higher education has constructed dominant practices and discourses that are based on forms of engagement developed from powerful Western social, historical, and academic traditions. These socially and stylistically exclusive traditions represent the cultural contexts from which modernism emerged. As a result, a singular approach to art in higher education is often implicit in art curriculum trajectories, which result in hegemonic forms of delivery, unchanging course and program identities, and ultimately limits on the development of student creativity. Using a broad survey of history and ongoing debates concerning inclusion, this chapter examines some aspects of this social and stylistic background of the visual art curriculum in higher education. It suggests that there are opportunities for a hybridized and culturally inclusive curriculum of the future.
How Technical Innovation in Manufacturing Is Fostered through Business Innovation
Authors: Eghbali Nicolas , Hoppenbrouwers Marianne , Lemain Steven , De Bruyn Gert , Vander Velpen Bart
Published: January 2019

The sections in this article are
Process Analytical Chemistry and Nondestructive Analytical Methods: The Green Chemistry Approach for Reaction Monitoring, Control, and Analysis
Authors: Fontalvo Gómez Miriam , Johnson Restrepo Boris , Stelzer Torsten , Romañach Rodolfo J.
Published: January 2019

This chapter is focused on nondestructive analytical methods based on vibrational spectroscopy. Following the tenets of process analytical chemistry, these analytical methods may monitor a manufacturing process as it occurs providing information on critical product quality attributes that is then used to control the process and achieve the expected product quality. The application of these principles to the improvement of pharmaceutical manufacturing has been termed process analytical technology, and is currently transforming the manner in which pharmaceutical processes are evaluated by regulatory agencies.Nondestructive methods may also be developed for use in a laboratory setting providing information after the product is manufactured. In both settings, the use of hazardous substances and consumption of materials is avoided in the analyses performed. These nondestructive methods present several advantages in comparison to the current laboratory‐based methods that require the use of reagents and transformation to clear solutions. The use of nondestructive testing often permits the simultaneous determination of chemical and physical properties in the materials analyzed. In some cases spectral changes may also be correlated with sensorial evaluation of product properties. These advantages have become a reality in industrial settings. Examples from the biodiesel, dairy, pharmaceutical, and polymer industries are discussed.
Development of a Geant4‐based independent patient dose validation system with an elaborate multileaf collimator simulation model
Authors: Choi Hyun Joon , Park Hyojun , Shin Wook‐Geun , Kim Jung‐in , Min Chul Hee
Published: January 2019

Despite the improvements in the dose calculation models of the commercial treatment planning systems (TPS), their ability to accurately predict patient dose is still limited. One of the limitations is caused by the simplified model of the multileaf collimator (MLC). The aim of this study was to develop a Monte Carlo (MC) method‐based independent patient dose validation system with an elaborate MLC model for more accurate dose evaluation. Varian Clinac 2300 IX was simulated using Geant4 toolkits, after which MC commissioning with measurements was performed to validate the simulation model. A DICOM‐RT interface was developed to obtain the beam delivery conditions including the hundreds of MLC motions. Finally, the TPS dose distributions were compared with the MC dose distributions for water phantom cases and a patient case. Our results show that the TPS overestimated the absolute abutting leakage dose in the closed MLC field, with about 20% more of the maximum dose than that of the MC calculation. For water phantom cases, the dose distributions inside the target region were almost identical with the dose difference of less than 2%, while the dose near the edge of the target shows difference about 10% between Geant4 and TPS due to geometrical differences in MLC model. For the patient analysis, the Geant4 and TPS doses of all organs were matched well within 1.4% of the prescribed dose. However, for organs located in areas with high ratio of leaf pairs with distances less than 10 mm leaf pair (LP(<10mm)), the maximum dose of TPS was overestimated by about 3% of the prescribed dose. These dose comparison results demonstrate that our system for calculating the patient dose is quite accurate. Furthermore, if the MLC sequences in treatment plan have a large ratio of LP(short), more than 3% dose difference in normal tissue could be seen.
Highly Bendable and Rotational Textile Structure with Prestrained Conductive Sewing Pattern for Human Joint Monitoring
Authors: Park Sangki , Ahn Seongcheol , Sun Jingzhe , Bhatia Divij , Choi Dukhyun , Yang Kap Seung , Bae Jihyun , Park Jong‐Jin
Published: January 2019

Human joints have respective ranges of motion and joint forces corresponding to each kind of joint; this necessitates considerations of the characteristics of human joints to fabricate wearable strain sensors conformable to the human body, and capable of precisely monitoring complex motions of the human body. In the present study, the “all textile‐based highly stretchable structure” that is capable of precisely sensing motions (folding and rotation) of the human joints (finger, wrist, elbow, spine, and knee) is fabricated by optimizing patterns (straight, blind, and zigzag) of conductive yarns employed as the conductive part of the strain sensor, and several textile substrates (braided elastic fabric, knit fabric, and woven fabric), having preferable elasticity and conformability employed for the fabrication of strain sensors suitable for human joints. In particular, the technology, enabling the prestraining of textile substrate, is exploited to fabricate a strain sensor that is capable of outputting selective signals corresponding to the folding motion of the spinal joint over a predetermined angle of motion, and the gait pattern of the wearer of the sensor, attached to his or her knee joint doing folding and rotational motions, is analyzed.
Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Sheltered ZnO Nanostructures Showing Enhanced Electrochemical Performance Revealed by an In Situ Electrogravimetric Study
Authors: Gao Wanli , Demir‐Cakan Rezan , Perrot Hubert , Sel Ozlem
Published: January 2019

The present work is on the synthesis and characterization of vertically aligned ZnO nanostructures sheltered by electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO), i.e., ZnO@ERGO, which are directly generated on quartz resonators of microbalance sensors. The vertical orientation of the ZnO nanorods is achieved by a two‐step synthesis method involving an electrochemically grown seed layer and a subsequent hydrothermal growth. Deposited ERGO thin layer turns out to be highly effective to enhance the electrochemical performances of vertically oriented ZnO nanorods as supercapacitor electrodes. The interfacial charge storage mechanism of ZnO@ERGO electrodes with unique architecture is first studied by classical electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), showing a global cation‐exchange behavior in Na2SO4 electrolyte. A complementary technique, electrogravimetric impedance spectroscopy, is then used to deconvolute the EQCM response into individual contributions from Na+·H2O, SO42−, and H2O molecules, offering a quantitative picture of each participant in the charge balance process with their transfer kinetics.
Hydrogen and Sulfonyl Radical Generation for the Hydrogenation and Arylsulfonylation of Alkenes Driven by Photochemical Activity of Hydrogen Bond Donor‐Acceptor Complexes
Authors: Li Yang , Ma Fang , Li Pinhua , Miao Tao , Wang Lei
Published: January 2019

An efficient photoinduced strategy for the hydrogenation and arylsulfonylation of alkenes has been developed. The reaction afforded a range of hydrogenated products and sulfonated oxindoles in high yields under external photocatalyst‐free, oxidant‐ and reductant‐free conditions. Mechanistic investigations suggested this transformation is driven by the photochemical activity of hydrogen bond donor‐acceptor complex, generated from the substrates of arylsulfinic acids and C6‐(vinyl sulfone)phenanthridines orN‐arylacrylamidesviahydrogen bond interaction.

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Emergency Medicine Resident Efficiency and Emergency Department Crowding
Authors: Kirby Ryan , Robinson Richard D. , Dib Sasha , Mclarty Daisha , Shaikh Sajid , Cheeti Radhika , Ho Amy F. , Schrader Chet D. , Zenarosa Nestor R. , Wang Hao
Published: January 2019

Objectives

Provider efficiency has been reported in the literature but there is a lack of efficiency analysis among emergency medicine (EM) residents. We aim to compare efficiency of EM residents of different training levels and determine if EM resident efficiency is affected by emergency department (ED) crowding.

Methods

We conducted a single‐center retrospective observation study from July 1, 2014, to June 30, 2017. The number of new patients per resident per hour and provider‐to‐disposition (PTD) time of each patient were used as resident efficiency markers. A crowding score was assigned to each patient upon the patient's arrival to the ED. We compared efficiency among EM residents of different training levels under different ED crowding statuses. Dynamic efficiency changes were compared monthly through the entire academic year (July to next June).

Results

The study enrolled a total of 150,920 patients. A mean of 1.9 patients/hour was seen by PGY‐1 EM residents in comparison to 2.6 patients/hour by PGY‐2 and ‐3 EM residents. Median PTD was 2.8 hours in PGY‐1 EM residents versus 2.6 hours in PGY‐2 and ‐3 EM residents. There were no significant differences in acuity across all patients seen by EM residents. When crowded conditions existed, residency efficiency increased, but such changes were minimized when the ED became overcrowded. A linear increase of resident efficiency was observed only in PGY‐1 EM residents throughout the entire academic year.

Conclusion

Resident efficiency improved significantly only during their first year of EM training. This efficiency can be affected by ED crowding.
Simulations of crystal aggregation and growth: Towards correct crystal area
Authors: Kovačević Tijana , Briesen Heiko
Published: January 2019

Simulating crystal growth and aggregation can provide insight into factors that control the final product properties. Classical models involve formation of a volume‐equivalent single crystal upon aggregation. This approach does not preserve particle area, resulting in an inadequate model of supersaturation depletion. Alternatively, crystal area can be computed accurately by a Monte Carlo method where each primary particle of an aggregate is described in its full geometric complexity. However, the drawback of this method is its computational cost. Thus, a third method is introduced as a compromise, describing particles by their volume and area and preserving both upon aggregation. The so‐obtained two‐dimensional model requires growth rate expressions in volume and area. We provide a method for parametrizing these expressions so that total volume and area closely match the values obtained with the method based on full geometric information. The parameters depend on primary particle geometry and the amount of growth. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: e16525, 2019
Engaged Against the Machine: Institutional and Cultural Racial Discrimination and Racial Identity as Predictors of Activism Orientation among Black Youth
Authors: Hope Elan C. , Gugwor Resney , Riddick Kristen N. , Pender Kristen N.
Published: January 2019

The current study examines how experiences of institutional and cultural racial discrimination relate to orientations toward activism in the Black community among Black adolescents and emerging adults. Furthermore, we investigate the role of racial identity (centrality, public regard, nationalism) as moderators of those relations. In a national sample of 888 Black adolescents and emerging adults, we found that experiences of cultural racial discrimination, racial centrality, and nationalism ideology were related to a greater orientation toward low‐risk Black community activism. For high‐risk activism, nationalism was associated with a greater likelihood to participate in future social action in the Black community. The relation between experiences of institutional racial discrimination and high‐risk activism orientation was moderated by public regard. For Black adolescents and emerging adults who believe others view Black people negatively, more experiences of institutional racial discrimination were related to a greater high‐risk activism orientation. Findings highlight the importance of investigating racial discrimination as a multidimensional construct that extends beyond individual interactions and microaggressions. Furthermore, these findings underscore how phenomenological variation in experiences of racial discrimination and racial identity differentially influence adolescent and emerging adult orientations toward social action in and for the Black community.