bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leaf Spot Diseases of Barley and Spring Wheat as Influenced by Preceding Crops
Authors: Krupinsky J. M. , Tanaka D. L. , Lares M. T. , Merrill S. D.
Published: October 2021

Crop diversification and crop sequencing can influence plant disease risk in cropping systems. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of 10 previous crops on leaf spot diseases of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Barley and spring wheat were direct‐seeded (no till) in the crop residue of 10 crops {barley, canola (Brassica napus L.), crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst. ex R.E. Fr.), dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), dry pea (Pisum sativum L.), flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and spring wheat}. Barley was evaluated for leaf spot diseases 15 times over 2 yr. Results indicate that risk for leaf spot disease on barley would be lower following wheat, crambe, canola and dry pea compared with the barley‐after‐barley treatment. Although barley yields were similar across all treatments one year, differences were detected in another year with the barley‐after‐barley treatment having the lowest yield. Spring wheat was evaluated for leaf spot diseases 22 times over 2 yr. Differences among treatments were more detectable in earlier evaluations, indicating a greater influence of crop residue and carryover of inoculum early in the season compared with later. The risk for leaf spot disease was lower when wheat was grown after canola, barley, crambe, and flax than when grown after the other crops. Although wheat yields were similar across all treatments one year, differences were detected in another year with the wheat‐after‐wheat treatment having the lowest yield.
Performance‐Based Evaluations of Guidelines for Nitrogen Fertilizer Application after Animal Manure
Authors: Hansen David J. , Blackmer Alfred M. , Mallarino Antonio P. , Wuebker Mark A.
Published: October 2021

Nitrogen fertilizer needs for corn (Zea mays L.) in fields already treated with animal manure can be estimated by using general guidelines or soil testing for inorganic N. Although the soil‐testing approach has been extensively evaluated for ability to predict yield responses to applied N under field conditions, the general‐guideline approach has not been subjected to comparable performance‐based evaluations. Fertilizer response trials were conducted in 205 manured fields to (i) compare the two approaches for ability to predict corn yield responses to fertilizer N applied after animal manure, (ii) identify reasons for differences in predictive ability, and (iii) explore the benefits of performance‐based comparisons of the alternative approaches. Analyses showed that 34% of the observed variability in response could be explained by inorganic N concentrations whereas less than 5% of this variability could be explained by the general‐guideline approach. The soil‐testing approach, therefore, had greater ability to integrate the effects of all factors affecting yield responses across the range of conditions studied. Mean yield responses (0.55 Mg ha−1) were smaller than are usually detectable in individual trials, but they were great enough to prompt farmers to fertilize. Results of this study indicate that the most commonly accepted approach to estimating N fertilizer needs is less reliable than generally believed and, therefore, that superior approaches are likely to remain unrecognized unless the performance of the commonly accepted approach is objectively evaluated under realistic field conditions.
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF CLINICAL PROFILE IN ETIOLOGY OF ANEMIA IN ELDERLY-A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN SOUTH INDIA
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Krishna Institute Of Medical Sciences, Minister Road, Secunderabad-500003, Telangana, India., Shivaraju K. , Sai Arun Karanam ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Krishna Institute Of Medical Sciences, Minister Road, Secunderabad-500003, Telangana, India., Saikrishna Mandhala ,   Pharm.D(Intern), Department of Internal Medicine, Krishna Institute Of Medical Sciences, Minister Road, Secunderabad-500003, Telangana, India.
Published: October 2021

Background: Anemia is often considered as a normal physiological process that occurs with aging. but recently since past 2 decades anemia of any degree is being recognized as significant independent contributor to morbidity mortality and frailty in elderly patients. It is easy to overlook anemia in elderly as symptoms of anemia like fatigue, SOB etc are often attributed to aging process itself. many evidences accumulated states that anemia of any degree reflects poor health and increased vulnerability to poor outcomes. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the department of internal medicine in a tertiary care hospital over a period of one year with sample size of 362 subjects satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria after taking the consent form. Results: Moderate degree anaemia was the commonest around, 65.6% followed by severe degree anemia 20.1%. Easy fatigability was the commonest symptom and pallor was the commonest sign of anaemia in elderly. Anemia is not always a consequence of aging. Anemia of unexplained etiology constituted 15.97% of total study population. Conclusion: Anaemia in elderly is a challenge and has to be approached in an organized manner for appropriate diagnosis and evaluation to look into its cause and plan management to improve the quality of life of the elderly persons.An effort should always be made to reach etiological diagnosis before instituting specific therapy.
Determination of pregnancy protein levels to distinguish between singleton and twin pregnancies in Awassi sheep
Authors: AKKUŞ TUĞRA , YAPRAKCI ÖMER
Published: October 2021

Determining the fetal number to avoid pregnant sheep management, feeding, and delivery issues is of vital importance. This study aimed to determine the levels of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) and pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB), which are pregnancy proteins, to accurately predict singleton and twin pregnancies in Awassi sheep. A total of 40 Awassi sheep were used for the study. According to the number of offspring, pregnant ewes were separated into two groups. The study's first group (Group 1) included singleton pregnant ewe (n=20), while the second group (Group 2) included twin pregnant ewe (n=20). Blood samples were collected from the ewes of both study groups at 30th, 45th, 60th, 75th and 90th day of gestation, which were used for PAG and PSBP evaluation along with ultrasonographic examination. Independent samples t-test and repeated measurements ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The correlations between the measures were calculated using Pearson correlation coefficients. Accordingly, a statistically significant difference was observed between single and twin pregnant sheep for all PAG and PSBP measurements at days 30-45-60-75 and 90 (p<0.05). In singleton and twin pregnant ewes, there was a statistically significant difference in PAG and PSBP measurements (p<0.05). In singleton pregnant ewes, a significant positive correlation was found between PAG30 and PSPB30 values (p<0.05), while a significant negative correlation was found between paired measures of PAG45-PSPB90, PAG60-PSPB90, and PAG75-PSPB90 (p<0.05). In conclusion, significant differences in pregnancy protein levels were found in singleton and twin pregnant ewes. It was deduced that knowledge of this difference might give sheep breeders an idea about management factors.
Diagnostics and therapy of gastric ulcers in dogs – authors’ observations
Authors: KUBIAK KRZYSZTOF , SPUŻAK JOLANTA , JANKOWSKI MARCIN , GLIŃSKA-SUCHOCKA KAMILA , KUBIAK-NOWAK DOMINIKA , BORAWSKI WOJCIECH
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study is to present our observations related to the diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcers in dogs based on clinical cases. Symptoms of gastric ulcers are not very characteristic, and the „gold standard” in their diagnosis is gastroscopy combined with the collection of mucosa specimens for histopathological examination. In the treatment of peptic ulcers, the following are used: drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion, cytoprotective drugs, prokinetic drugs, and in justified cases, eradication procedures. Appropriate diet therapy is also important.
Rabies virus spread in central and north-eastern regions of Ukraine
Authors: OMELCHENKO HANNA O. , AVRAMENKO NATALIA O. , KULYNYCH SIERGIEJ M. , POLISHCHUK ANATOLIJ A. , PETRENKO MAKSYM O. , SYSA PAWEŁ S. , WOŹNIAKOWSKI3 GRZEGORZ J.
Published: October 2021

Annually, 30,000-45,000 cases of rabies in animals and humans are reported worldwide. The aim of the study was to present data on the incidence of rabies among humans and animals in central and north-eastern regions of Ukraine (Poltava and Sumy) between the years 2007 and 2020. The statistical data were obtained from the anti-epizootic measures division at the Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Medicine of the State Food and Consumer Service in the Poltava and Sumy regions of Ukraine. Between 2012 and 2020, the largest number of bite cases in the Poltava region were recorded in 2012 (4,234 cases), and the lowest in 2018 (1,951 cases). The vast majority of bites were caused by dogs and cats that had an owner. During the successive years, the number of rabies cases increased. Between 2017 and 2019, over 50% of rabies cases in the Sumy region occurred in domestic animals. Although combating rabies among dogs through vaccination, as well as extermination of homeless animals, may reduce the incidence of rabies in humans, rabies in dogs is still not uncommon in the Poltava and Sumy regions of Ukraine. Moreover, rabid dogs in these two regions still account for over 90% of rabies cases and 99% of deaths due to rabies among humans. The red fox was the leader in the incidence of rabies among wild animals between 2009 and 2019. In the Poltava region, the highest number of rabies cases occurred in 2017 (10 cases), whereas in the Sumy region the peak if infections was observed in 2010 (42 cases). Rabies in animals tended to decrease due to the oral immunization of free-ranging animals. It is difficult, however, to assess the overall global situation of rabies using data solely on human mortality. Rabies is not a purely human disease. It is rather a disease that occurs in wild and domestic animals, from which it may be transferred to humans. Therefore, a more accurate prediction of its impact should include an assessment of its prevalence in animal populations, especially pets, and the costs associated with preventing the spread of rabies from animals to humans. Effective measures for prevention and eradication of rabies, as well as better knowledge, are crucial to check further spread of the disease. Obligatory preventive measures should include vaccination of pets and oral immunization of red foxes.
Pathogens isolated from bovine clinical mastitis and their antimicrobial resistance
Authors: ARDICLI OZGE , DEMIRBILEK SERPIL KAHYA , K. TAYFUN CARLI
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to isolate aerobic and microaerophilic bacteria from mastitis milk samples, as well as to determine their antibiotic resistance. A total of 196 bovine mastitis milk samples were tested by standard bacteriological methods and with API identification test kits. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The results revealed that the predominant isolate was S. aureus, with an isolation rate of 28%, followed by Streptococcus spp. (27%) and E. coli (19%). Isolation rates for Corynebacterium spp., Mycoplasma spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 11%, 6%, and 4%, respectively. Compared to the bacteria mentioned above, lower percentages were observed for Trueperella pyogenes (2%), Pasteurella multocida (2%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (1%). A broad evaluation of antimicrobial resistance showed that the pathogens were resistant to tetracycline (68.63%), oxytetracycline (41.57%), ampicillin (39.08%), ceftiofur (38.1%), cephalexin (32.26%), penicillin (31.25%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (24.53%), enrofloxacin (24.44%), gentamycin (23.68%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (22.09%). This study demonstrated that the sources of bacteria isolated from mastitis bovine milk samples were both contagious and environmental. More importantly, the present results demonstrate a critically high antimicrobial resistance in dairy cattle. For instance, E. coli isolates showed a crucial resistance to commonly used and recommended antimicrobials, including ceftiofur (100%), cephalexin (83.33%), and tetracycline (94.44%). The results of this study may provide valuable information about clinical aspects of bovine mastitis infections and current antimicrobial resistance levels in dairy cattle.
Modeling and Visualization of Man’s ‘Digital Shadow’ at Enterprises
Authors: Krylov I.  A.
Published: October 2021

The article studies the potential of introducing systems of the situational center in order to build a system providing safe life in the real range of time and effective management of production and organization processes within the frames of the concept of shifting to industry 4.0. On the basis of research findings today's enterprises and organizations should form strategy of their development with due regard to the necessity to digitalize the man. The key goals of this process are monitoring of employees' vital functions, extrapolation and modeling of substandard situations and visualization of generalized information in a suitable format in the range of real time. By analyzing the condition and problems of enterprise digitalization the authors systematized key factors, which should be taken into account for building the advanced system of providing labour safety in the range of real time, proposed the automated management system of providing labour safety based on the system of the situational center and the procedure of developing strategy of enterprise digitalization with regard to HR digitalization, which includes introduction of the system of situational center. By using situational center the modulus for modeling and visualization of ‘digital shadow' was worked out to monitor vital functions of enterprise employees.
Responsible Financing: International Standards and Transparency Trends in Doing Business
Authors: Levashenko A. D. , Ermokhin I. S.
Published: October 2021

Responsible financing has ceased to act as a narrow niche of finance market and today it involves more and more responsible finance institutions and companies interested in access to responsible finance tools. The basic condition for responsible financing implies availability of full trustworthy information about non-financial figures of the potential project for investment. Thus non-financial accounting has become an integral element of the responsible financing development in the world. The authors analyze key effective international tools on responsible financing and revealing non-financial information. They give characteristics of stages in shaping the institution of responsible financing. Apart from that they study regulation of responsible financing and non-financial accounting in the EU and Russian law. Today on international finance market we can observe a considerable demand both for developing systems of non-finance accounting standards and harmonization of draft standards, as all accounting standard systems use one and the same notions. The article investigates as an example a recent initiative of MSFO concerning setting-up the Council on sustainability standards. However, we should state the absence of the standard concerning revealing non-finance information by companies in Russia. Proposals were put forward about the development of responsible financing in Russia by making-up legislation in this field.
Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastases to Mediastinal with Malignant Pericardial Effusion
Authors: Andri Andri , Parsama Putra Ngakan Putu , Sargowo Djanggan , Erawati Dini Rachma , Retnani Diah Prabawati
Published: October 2021

Lung adenocarcinoma with malignant pericardial effusion and also metastases to mediastinum has great impact on morbidity and mortality of patient and it is rare case. Most adenocarcinoma in the mediastinum are metastases from the lung, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, kidney or even the pituitary gland. Cardiac metastases in lung cancer may occur due to retrograde lymphatic spread or by hematogenous dissemination of tumour cells. Pericardium is frequently involved in direct cardiac invasion by adjacent lung cancer. Pericardial effusion, pericarditis, and tamponade are common and life threatening presentation in such cases. A 42-years-old male with superior mediastinal mass has malignant pericardial effusion, cytology shows adenocarcinoma. The patient undergo transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy. The result from biopsy is adenocarcinoma. This is a rare case, patient with primary lung adenocarcinoma and malignant pericardial effusion also metastases to mediastinum. To determine the diagnosis requires a comprehensive clinical evaluation and multidisciplinary approach.
EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL, POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE JUVENTUDE E A TERCEIRIZAÇÃO
Authors: Alves Yossonale Viana , Santos Shilton Roque dos , Azevedo Marcio Adriano de
Published: October 2021

Aborda-se a diversidade de fatores e condições sociais em que emerge a condição juvenil no século XXI. Ilustra-se o texto com exposições a respeito do desenvolvimento histórico da educação profissional no Brasil, expondo-se a dualidade da educação. Indaga-se como tem ocorrido a construção/formulação/produção de reformas educacionais, admitindo-se a relação essencial entre educação e trabalho na realidade social, considerando-se o modo de produção capitalista e suas influências nas políticas públicas que visam à inserção social dos jovens. Examina-se o quanto as práticas de formação profissional, especificamente aquelas voltadas para a juventude, funcionam apenas como mecanismos de conformação de trabalhadores à lógica do capital. Delimita-se a problemática da formação e do trabalho juvenil no Brasil, por meio de uma abordagem metodológica realizada com pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Conclui-se que as mudanças das relações de trabalho e o quadro resultante da terceirização não admitem vislumbrar um cenário favorável aos jovens que vivem do trabalho.
EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR E FEMINISMOS: tensões, rupturas e afirmações
Authors: Silveira de Souza Micheli , Ribeiro Silvana , Pereira Thiago Ingrassia
Published: October 2021

A invisibilidade da produção científica de mulheres no campo da Educação Popular é o tema deste artigo. Compreende-se que o conhecimento popular e o acadêmico se encontram em espaços institucionais que possuem legitimidade na construção de tradições de apreensão e intervenção em realidades sociais. Dentro da tradição freireana, a palavra tem lugar político como elemento de afirmação ou opressão, sendo importante a busca pela coerência entre o discurso (falado e escrito) e a prática libertadora da Educação Popular. Nesse sentido, este trabalho realiza discussão teórica sobre feminismos a partir de texto crítico sobre a presença de mulheres no Grupo de Trabalho (GT) Educação Popular da ANPEd. Além disso, faz um exercício de estado do conhecimento dos anais do Fórum Paulo Freire do Rio Grande do Sul (2018 e 2019), objetivando problematizar a presença dos estudos de gênero e feministas nestes espaços, bem como a autoria de mulheres. Caracterizadas na fronteira entre o campo acadêmico e a militância, as pesquisas e práticas em Educação Popular parecem não fugir dos desdobramentos da sociedade patriarcal e machista, ainda que esse quadro esteja em permanente tensão nos últimos anos. O estudo realizado permite a denúncia das opressões e invisibilidades das mulheres mesmo em espaços acadêmicos de natureza progressista, assim como o anúncio da afirmação histórica do protagonismo feminino, ponto estratégico para a construção de novos saberes e sociabilidades.
O PROCESSO DE EMANCIPAÇÃO HUMANA NO ASSENTAMENTO ROSE: das ambiências do campo aos processos de constituição identitária
Authors: Almeida dos Santos Souza Leila Damiana , SOUZA KLEBER PEIXOTO DE
Published: October 2021

Ampliamos o foco, abrimos o olhar, aguçamos os ouvidos, ajustamos o compasso e carregamos nas cores. Foi assim que afinamos nossos passos para caminhar com um grupo moradores de um assentamento de reforma agrária, o Assentamento Rose, na cidade de Santaluz, BA. O objetivo foi evidenciar as formas de organização dos povos campesinos na luta pela emancipação individual e coletiva, bem como tornar conhecidas importantes questões sociais, políticas e epistemológicas que permeiam os saberes e os processos formativos dos homens e mulheres do Assentamento Rose.  Optamos por uma investigação de natureza qualitativa. O estudo de caso foi a estratégia investigativa escolhida para conduzir as análises. Já a etnografia visual foi método que organizou e conduziu a investigação, abrindo possibilidades de uso variado de técnicas para construção dos dados, dentre elas as narrativas orais e outras técnicas como entrevistas e grupos focais.  Concluímos que, a partir do movimento teórico-conceitual empreendido foi possível ampliarmos nossos olhares para a constituição identitária dos assentados do Rose, seja nos planos social, educativo, cultural e sócio-político. Ao identificarmos os saberes partilhados e o processo de emancipação humana que ali existem, não restam dúvidas que o contexto de luta, o preconceito e a criminalização cotidiana que sofreram esses campesinos, fizeram surgir uma dinâmica de produção e autoprodução através da qual esses povos se afirmam pelo saber produzido, bem como se afirmam como um coletivo culturalmente organizado e produtivo.
Employment stress as a moderator of the relationship between proactive personality and career decision-making self-efficacy
Authors: Zhou Shuyi , Wu Shiyong , Yu Xiaoyan , Chen Wei , Zheng Wen
Published: October 2021

We investigated the moderating role of employment stress in the relationship between proactive personality and career decision-making self-efficacy among recent Chinese graduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main results are as follows: (a) proactive personality positively predicted
career decision-making self-efficacy, (b) employment stress was negatively related to proactive personality and career decision-making self-efficacy, and (c) employment stress significantly and negatively moderated the effect of proactive personality on career decision-making self-efficacy,
meaning that the moderating effect was stronger at a lower level of employment stress. The results indicate that students graduating during the COVID-19 pandemic are more prone to suffering from complex career decisionmaking processes exacerbated by a challenging and changing labor market.
Our findings suggest that graduates should secure flexible employment options and that officials, staff, and managers in governments, universities, and industries should work together to enhance graduates' career decision-making self-efficacy and assist them in achieving their early career
aspirations by alleviating internal and external employment pressure.
Mindfulness and cell phone dependence: The mediating role of social adaptation
Authors: Wang Weiling , Qian Yuyan , Wang Yuping , Zhang Yuhong
Published: October 2021

We explored the mediating role of social adaptation in the relationship between mindfulness and cell phone dependence among college students. Data were obtained from 937 college students, who completed the Smartphone Addiction Inventory, the Adolescent Mindfulness Measure, and the Social
Adaptation Questionnaire. The results suggest that mindfulness and social adaptation were significantly and negatively correlated with cell phone dependence, and that the mindfulness level of college students had a significant direct predictive effect on their cell phone dependence. We also
found a significant mediating effect of social adaptation in the relationship between mindfulness and cell phone dependence. These findings are of significance to the prevention of and intervention in young people's cell phone dependence.
Hepatic p38 activation modulates systemic metabolism through FGF21-mediated interorgan communication
Authors: Liu Wei , Sun Chao , Yan Ying , Cao Hongchao , Niu Zhoumin , Shen Siyi , Liu Shengnan , Wu Yuting , Li Yan , Hui Lijian , Li Yuying , Zhao Lin , Hu Cheng , Ding Qiurong , Jiang Jingjing , Ying Hao
Published: October 2021

The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis
of steatosis and insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease remain
elusive. Increased phosphorylation of hepatic p38 has long been noticed in
fatty liver; however, whether the activation of hepatic p38 is a cause or
consequence of liver steatosis is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that hepatic p38
activation by MKK6 overexpression in the liver of mice induces severe liver steatosis,
reduces fat mass, and elevates circulating fatty acid levels in a hepatic p38a- and FGF21-dependent
manner. Mechanistically, through increasing the FGF21 production from liver, hepatic
p38 activation increases the influx of fatty acids from adipose tissue to liver,
leading to hepatic ectopic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance. Although hepatic
p38 activation exhibits favorable effects in peripheral tissues, it impairs the
hepatic FGF21 action by facilitating the ubiquitination and degradation of FGF21
receptor cofactor b-Klotho. Consistently, we show that
p38 phosphorylation and FGF21 expression are increased, b-Klotho protein
levels are decreased in the fatty liver of either mice or patients. In conclusion,
our study reveals previously undescribed effects of hepatic p38 activation on systemic
metabolism and provides new insights into the roles of hepatic p38a, FGF21, and b-Klotho in the pathogenesis
of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Non-Invasive Brain-Computer Interface Technology (BCI) Modalities and Implementation: A Review Article and Assimilation of BCI Models
Authors: Mahmoud Saadabi Dalia Mirghani
Published: October 2021

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology or brain-machine interface (BMI) technology has become the most attractive field for researchers in various disciplines and has occupied an important place in many scientific and even recreational applications. This review first highlights the different and most frequently used methods for implementing brain-computer interface (BCI) systems with a focus on non-invasive BCI models. Secondly, it analyzes the different stages of building a BCI system (input stage, signal processing stage, and output stage). Then it compares the different methods in terms of the algorithms used and the pros and cons. The aim of the study is to find the most adequate and price method to record the EEG by means of electrodes placed on the scalp. Then some features will be extracted from the EEG and sent to a classifier, whose response is translated features into some action whose execution provides feedback to the user.
Post-Endodontic Treatment Flare-Up of Patients Treated By General Dentists and Endodontic Specialists
Authors: Alzahrani Mohammed Sarhan
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study aims to determine post-endodontic flare-up incidence for patients treated by endodontic specialists and general dental practitioners. Methods: The investigators measured the postoperative pain using a visual analog scale after 24 and 48 hours for patients treated endodontically by specialists and general dentists. The patient factors and operative variables were documented for every patient. The data was then analyzed using SPSS. A Chi-square test was used to evaluate a relationship between categorical variables, where a P < 0.05 was taken to indicate statistical significance. Results: In total, 143 participants were included in this study (male: n=62, 43.3%; and female: n=81, 56.7%). The incidence of post-endodontic treatment flare-ups was 14.8%. The incidence of 48 hours postoperative pain was higher (29%) with the endodontic specialists compared to the general practitioners. The factors that were associated with a higher postoperative flare-up include; patient age, smoking, preoperative pain, and periapical lesion size. Conclusion: Post-endodontic flare-up incidence in this study was within the reported range of flare-up. Patient factors are associated with the occurrence of the postoperative flare-up more than the operative factors.
The Importance of Duration in the Prognosis of Facial Nerve Palsy and Its Treatment-A Case Report
Authors: Debnath Paramita
Published: October 2021

Background: Facial nerve palsy is considered to be one of the most common consequence of untreated chronic suppurative otitis media. The incidence has significantly reduced over the decade due to better imaging technology and use of early antibiotics and better surgical procedures but if left untreated, it has a significant impact over the patient’s day to day life and markedly affects patient’s social life and causes serious psychological damage. An appropriate and prompt management ensures healing of the palsy without sequelae. Case Report: We report a case of bilateral chronic suppurative otitis media with unilateral right grade 4 facial nerve palsy which happened within a duration of 1 month for which patient underwent right modified radical mastoidectomy following which she had steady improvement. Conclusion: This case highlights that in patients with middle-ear cleft cholesteatoma the surgical approaches vary according to duration of palsy and post-operative improvement in facial nerve function can be anticipated in cases of acute palsy. Surgical interventions have been proved to have a good effect in restoration of facial nerve palsy in cases of shorter duration as compared to those of sudden onset and longer duration.
Entramados de aboriginalidad y género
Authors: Vanegas Díaz Alejandra Marcela
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo explora parte de la producción intelectual de la activista y lingüista mixe Yásnaya E. Aguilar Gil para examinar las propuestas que su escritura pone en debate desde el análisis de lo indígena y su posición de enunciación como mujer mixe. Se da cuenta de las características de su discurso como activista e intelectual y se resalta la mirada crítica del pensamiento de la autora respecto del feminismo. El texto realiza un acercamiento desde las categorías de análisis sobre aboriginalidad y género para argumentar en favor de la necesidad de repensar los feminismos actuales desde otras voces.
ABOUT TRANSLATIONS AND REFERENCES
Authors: TADEVOSYAN RUZAN
Published: October 2021

The dialogue of cultures is impossible without translations. The translations are included in the history–graphical process of the national literature. The history of the Armenian translations from Russian literature is exceptionally rich and simultaneously the possibilities of new interpretational comments are unlimited. The precise and complete bibliography is of great importance for the development of the translation process. The translator must be acquainted with the previous experience of the work. The references are helpful for the fiction apprehension. They must be changed and innovated during the time. This article deals with some references of different editions of L. Tolstoy’s novels.
Divided Ownership – Development and Perspectives
Authors: Petr Pavel , Horák Ondřej , Dostalík Petr
Published: October 2021

Divided ownership gives rise to a number of problems. The reintroduction of the superficies solo cedit principle and the superficiary right of building into the Czech law does not, of course, mean the return of feudal relationships. However, it should be reminded that it disrupts indivisibility (exclusivity, completeness, limitlessness) of ownership, which is traditionally seen as the foundation of ownership right. The authors use primarily comparative and historical methods in their research on this topic. In its today form, we understand divided ownership as a simplification that serves as ideological abstraction for a situation where the owner is subject to a long-term limitation by a very broad in rem right of another, which is hereditary and alienable. In this context we talk about three approaches to divided ownership in jurisprudence: (a) it does not exist at all; (b) it is limited solely to the feudal era; (c) it is a general term without relation to any specific social situation.
Are Pain and Suffering Awards (Un-)Predictable? Evidence from Germany
Authors: Flatscher-Thöni Magdalena , Leiter Andrea M. , Winner Hannes
Published: October 2021

This paper assesses the widely held belief that damages for pain and suffering are random or arbitrary. In detail, we investigate whether damages for pain and suffering are systematically affected by individual-, injury- and procedural-specific characteristics and how important these factors are relative to each other. To uncover the predictability of these awards, we rely on a sample of German damages for pain and suffering awards including 2.244 verdicts. By estimating a standard regression model we observe that final awards are systematically influenced by the injury’s conditions, by the court level the case is brought in and by the engagement of a lawyer. Our findings let us conclude that damages for pain and suffering and the respective assessment process within the German judicial system are largely reasonable and transparent rather than random.
Duas teses de Franz Brentano Sobre a consciência
Authors: Fisette Denis
Published: October 2021

In this paper, I propose a reassessment of Brentano’s most important writings on consciousness. My starting point is the formulation of two theses on consciousness that Brentano expresses at the very beginning of the second chapter of the second book of his Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint, which constitute the foundation of his theory of primary and secondary objects. My working hypothesis rests on the principle of the unity of consciousness, which is the key to most problems generally associated with Brentano’s theory of consciousness. In the second part of my paper, I examine three of these problems, namely, the problem of duplication, that of infinite regress, and that of complexity. In the last part of my paper, I propose an analysis of the principle of the unity of consciousness that takes into account Brentano’s writings after the publication of his Psychology, in 1874, and I briefly appraise the impact, on the atual debates regarding Brentano’s theory of consciousness, of the modifications that Brentano has subjected his theory in several lectures and manuscripts published posthumously.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PLANILHA COMO FERRAMENTA DE APOIO NO PLANEJAMENTO DIETÉTICO
Authors: NAKATA Felipe Seiji da Silva , CAMARGO Ana Carolina Bom
Published: October 2021

A tecnologia está cada vez mais presente na área da nutrição. Existem diversos softwares presentes no mercado e muitos são voltados para o uso do profissional nutricionista. Porém, dentro das salas de aula, os programas ainda são pouco utilizados. Nessa linha de pensamento, foi desenvolvido um modelo de planilha de nutrição, que auxiliará o aluno e até mesmo o profissional nutricionista na elaboração de planos alimentares e cálculos antropométricos. A planilha proposta está dividida em cinco setores: “Cardápio” – seleção dos alimentos do plano alimentar, com medidas caseiras e quantidades (g/ml); “Adicionar alimento” – adicionar um alimento não presente no banco de dados; “Cálculo de VET” – cálculo das necessidades calóricas de um indivíduo e distribuição das calorias nas refeições; “Antropometria” – avaliação antropométrica do indivíduo e “Medidas caseiras” – lista com alimentos e suas medidas caseiras. A utilização de planilhas para planejamento alimentar auxilia na prescrição de cardápio e avaliação do indivíduo por parte dos alunos de nutrição e profissionais nutricionistas.
 
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SPREADSHEET AS A SUPPORT TOOL IN DIETARY PLANNING
 
ABSTRACT
The use of technology is increasingly present in the nutritional area. There are several software programs on the market, and many of them are designed to be used by professional nutritionists. However, in the classrooms, those programs are still poorly used. In this line of thought, a nutrition spreadsheet model was developed, which will assist the student and even the professional nutritionist in the preparation of food planning and anthropometric calculations. The suggested spreadsheet is divided into five sectors: "Menu" - selection of foods for the food plan, with measurements and quantities (g/ml); "Add food" - to include food not present in the database; "TCV Calculation" - to calculate the caloric needs of an individual and distribute the calories in the meals; "Anthropometry" - anthropometric evaluation of the individual and "Home Measures" - a list with foods and their home measures. The use of food planning worksheets helps in the menu prescription and evaluation of the individual by both nutrition students and nutrition professionals.
 
Descriptors: Nutrition. Food planning. Worksheet. Technology.
THE LIMITATION OF CYBER WARFARE UNDER HUMANITARIAN LAW (Pembatasan Perang Siber dalam Hukum Humaniter)
Authors: Zuhra Amalia , Almira Laila
Published: October 2021

States and non-State armed groups are increasingly employing cyber capabilities in their military operations in the digitalization environment today. There is a controversy about how current international legal frameworks, especially International Humanitarian Law (IHL), applies to such conduct in cyberspace, most notably in the context of armed conflict. Because one of the fundamental aims of the IHL is to protect civilians from the impact of armed conflict, it is critical to explore the norms of IHL that regulate such operations. This article will be likely to discuss about cyber warfare in the term of armed conflict. Lastly, the article will be reviewing the rules and principle that applies during the cyber warfare.
KETAKUTAN YANG BERALASAN PADA PENGUNGSI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS (Well-Founded Fear within Refugees with Disabilities)
Authors: Notoprayitno Maya Indrasti
Published: October 2021

Persons with disabilities are vulnerable group and would be found anywhere in any situation. They become refugees since their conditions of persecution and they should leave out from their country. Unfortunately, the problem occured when persons with mental disabilities  could not indicate their well-founded fear as stated in the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees. Regarding the problem, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) may be the answer to settle the problem since CRPD is the human rights approach to disability and recognizes the right of persons with disabilities to equality in most aspects of life. From CRPD, refugees with disabilities can show a well-founded fear thus giving a hope for them in obtaining refugee status and gaining access equivalent to refugees in general. UNHCR uses the CRPD as a reference in carrying out the responsibilities and commitments for the rights of refugees with disabilities.
Can Epitheliazed Graft Be Used to Achieve Absolute Root Coverage When Combined with Coronally Advanced Flap (CAF) for a Case of Gingival Recession? – A Case Report of a Mandibular Molar
Authors: Mariam Sarah , Ahmad Najar Firdous
Published: October 2021

Gingival recession poses a multitude of problems like root sensitivity, plaque accumulation, root caries and other functional problems. Treatment options range depending on the type of recession to the condition of mucogingival tissues. Connective tissue graft in combination with coronally advanced flap has been described as a gold standard in treatment of gingival recession. This case report describes a case of absolute root coverage achieved with epithelialized graft (which was subsequently de-epithelialized) when combined with coronally advanced flap for a case of gingival recession in a Mandibular molar.
Corporate networking management based on the cost approach
Authors: Zarutskaya Vera Sergeevna , Orekhova Svetlana Vladimirovna
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant drop in the tourism sector. Precarious existence of the tourism agencies can be based on the development of the corporate business network managed by the formation of the key network resource – social capital. This research is aimed at the development and testing of the original toolset for the assessment of social capital and creation of the universal model of corporate networking management based on it. The subject of this article is the social capital of a company. The object is the operating tourism agency of Sverdlovsk Region “Mellow Season” LLC. The information framework is comprised of the corporate financial data for the period from 2014 to 2020. The expediency of implementation of cost approach on the level of individual companies is determined. The algorithm of corporate networking management based on the analysis of sustainable business ties portfolio is offered and tested. The author establishes that the company practices one-time and repeated transactions mainly with non-specific assets; specific assets are used only in transactions with the customers. Typical precontractual costs are the costs for searching information, negotiating, and concluding the contract. Typical postcontractual costs are the costs for monitoring and enforcing the counteragents to discharge their obligations. The author analyzes the information on the components of the social capital. Sustainable business tie was identified with 12 suppliers, 28 tourism agencies, and 158 customers. The analysis of behavioral practices of tourism agencies and expert assessments establishes the efficiency standards of transaction costs. It is also determined that the cost savings from the use of social capital for the company under reviews amount to 46.8% of their volume without its use. The recommendation is made to maintain the existing network of sustainable business ties; use the accumulated trust in sustainable business ties with the customers to expand the client base; shift priorities from the transactions made due to the established mechanism of business procedures towards seeking for new opportunities on the market. The author develops the universal model of corporate networking management.
Saúde e prevenção de acidentes infantis: um relato de experiência
Authors: Teixeira Maria Laura Verissimo , Pacheco Gustavo Garcia , Oliveira Giovanna Mendes de , Lima Mariella Prini Dias , Silva Grazielle Lima , Touso Maíra Ferro de Sousa
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de estudantes do segundo ano do curso de medicina numa atividade preventiva com pais e responsáveis numa sala de espera de puericultura em uma unidade básica de saúde em uma cidade no interior do estado de São Paulo. Relato de experiência: O presente trabalho relata a experiência de seis acadêmicos de medicina durante uma matéria da grade curricular do quarto período, na qual eles eram inseridos na atenção primária com o foco em desenvolver atividades de educação em saúde. Dentre as oficinas realizadas, encontra-se a oficina de prevenção de acidentes. Considerações finais: Os acidentes infantis são a principal causa de morte entre crianças de um a 14 anos de idade, no Brasil. Sendo que a maioria dos acidentes ocorrem na moradia e medidas simples podem evitá-los. Logo ter acesso a informação é de suma importância para a população alterar essa realidade epidemiológica. Por outro lado, as atividades desenvolvidas pelos discentes em complexidade crescente durante a graduação, através da integração ensino-serviço-comunidade, pode levar ao aperfeiçoamento da habilidade de comunicação que é de extrema importância para o contexto médico. Desse modo entende-se que atividades como essa tem um duplo impacto, ou seja, na comunidade e graduação.
Mortalidade feminina por agressão no Piauí, 2000-2015
Authors: Mesquita Agda Barbosa , Madeiro Alberto Pereira , Rufino Andréa Cronemberger
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil dos casos e a tendência da mortalidade feminina por agressão no Piauí, entre 2000 e 2015. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de série temporal com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. Foram considerados feminicídios os óbitos de mulheres catalogados nos códigos X85-Y09 da Classificação Internacional de Doenças, versão 10. Houve correção dos óbitos em duas etapas, com posterior cálculo do coeficiente de mortalidade por Território de Desenvolvimento (TD), por ano. Empregou-se o método Joinpoint para avaliar a tendência dos coeficientes de mortalidade, com cálculo da variação percentual anual (VPA) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: Ocorreram 605 óbitos de mulheres por causas externas no Piauí entre 2000-2015. As vítimas eram principalmente jovens de 20-39 anos (53,9%), negras (76,1%), solteiras (48,2%), com menos de 8 anos de escolaridade (65,1%), cujo homicídio ocorreu no domicílio (40,6%) por meio do uso de arma de fogo (36,3%) ou perfurocortantes (35,3%). Houve tendência de aumento dos coeficientes de mortalidade no Piauí (VPA +2,17%; IC95% 1,18;4,65), assim como em 06 TDs. Os demais mostraram tendência de estabilidade. Conclusão: Os coeficientes de mortalidade apresentaram tendência de aumento e apontam a necessidade de atenção ao problema para proteger as mulheres da sua ocorrência.
Psychosocial Adjustments after Advanced Laryngeal Cancer Treatment – A Systematic Review
Authors: Gunjawate Dhanshree R. , Ravi Rohit
Published: October 2021

Psychosocial adjustments are alterations needed by a person after a life-altering event. The present review explored the psychosocial adjustments after advanced laryngeal cancer treatment. Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed and Scopus were searched. Two hundred and three hits, after the three-stage screening, 13 articles were included. Mixed methods appraisal tool was used to perform the quality appraisal. The findings from 1109 laryngeal cancer survivors and 154 spouses of total laryngectomy patients helped to identify the barriers and coping mechanism toward psychosocial adjustments. The barriers included reactions of spouse or family members, effect of voice, communication and speech intelligibility and work and family relationships. The coping was enhanced with a better awareness, motivation and support system. These findings would help in improving the training programs and enhance the pre- and post-treatment counselling based on the priorities and demands of the patient.
Role of individualized homoeopathic medicine in the treatment of gout - An observational study
Authors: Biswas Bikash , Mandal Sanjukta
Published: October 2021

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effects of homoeopathic treatment on patient distress, sociodemographic factors and outcomes in patients with gout.

Materials and Methods:

This was an observational study conducted using secondary data from hospital records, pathological reports, patient prescription sheet and the sociodemographic data from computerised records in Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital.

Results:

A total of 150 patients (94 men and 56 women) were included in the study. Gout was diagnosed based on clinical symptoms and laboratory reports. All patients were prescribed homoeopathic medicines along with dietary management. The patients were prescribed Lycopodium (n=22, 14.67%), Colchicum (n=17, 11.38%), Natrum sulph (n=18, 12%) and nitric acid (n=14, 9.38%) on the basis of totality and symptoms and individualisation. Improvement was assessed in four different categories: Marked, moderate, mild and no improvement. The patients improved clinically as well as pathologically. Uric acid (UA) reduction was marked in 26 (17.33%) patients, moderate in 67 (44.67%) patients and mild in 25 (16.67%) patients. Almost 125 (83.33%) among the 150 reported reduction in physical discomfort and have been doing well after treatment.

Conclusion:

This study showed that homoeopathic treatment is very effective in reducing clinical symptoms and serum UA levels in subjects having gout.