bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization technique of gases permeation properties in polymers: H2, He, N2 and Ar gas
Authors: Jung Jae Kap , Lee Ji Hun , Jang Jin Sub , Chung Nak Kwan , Park Chang Young , Baek Un Bong , Nahm Seung Hoon
Published: February 2022

We demonstrate a simple experimental technology for characterizing the gas permeation properties of H2, He, N2 and Ar absorbed in polymers. This is based on the volumetric measurement of released gas and an upgraded diffusion analysis program after high-pressure exposure. Three channel measurements of sorption content of gases emitted from polymers after decompression are simultaneously conducted, and then, the gas uptake/diffusivity as a function of exposed pressure are determined in nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubbers, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), which are used for gas sealing materials under high pressure. The pressure-dependent gas transport behaviors of the four gases are presented and compared. Gas sorption follows Henry’s law up to 9 MPa, while pressure-dependent diffusion behavior is not observed below 6 MPa. The magnitude of the diffusivity of the four gases decreases in the order DHe > DH2 > DAr > DN2 in all polymers, closely related to the kinetic diameter of the gas molecules. The dependence of gas species on solubility is in contrast to that on diffusivity. The linear correlation between logarithmic solubility and critical temperature of the gas molecule was newly observed.
A synchrotron-based kilowatt-level radiation source for EUV lithography
Authors: Jiang Bocheng , Feng Chao , Li Changliang , Bai Zhenghe , Wan Weishi , Xiang Dao , Gu Qiang , Wang Kun , Zhang Qinglei , Huang Dazhang , Chen Senyu
Published: February 2022

A compact damping ring with a limited circumference of about 160 m is proposed for producing kilowatt-level coherent EUV radiation. The electron bunch in the storage ring is modulated by a 257 nm wavelength seed laser with the help of the angular-dispersion-induced micro-bunching method (Feng and Zhao in Sci Rep 7:4724, 2017), coherent radiation at 13.5 nm with an average power of about 2.5 kW can be achieved with the state-of-the-art accelerator and laser technologies.
Partitioning of REE between calcite and carbonatitic melt containing P, S, Si at 650–900 °C and 100 MPa
Authors: Chebotarev Dmitry A. , Wohlgemuth-Ueberwasser Cora , Hou Tong
Published: February 2022

Carbonatites host some unique ore deposits, especially REE, and fractional crystallization might be a potentially powerful mechanism for control enrichment of carbonatitic magmas by these metals to economically significant levels. At present, data on distribution coefficients of REE during fractional crystallization of carbonatitic melts at volcanic conditions are extremely scarce. Here we present an experimental study of REE partitioning between carbonatitic melts and calcite in the system CaCO3-Na2CO3with varying amounts of P2O5, F, Cl, SiO2, SO3at 650–900 °C and 100 MPa using cold-seal pressure vessels and LA-ICP-MS. The presence of phosphorus in the system generally increases the distribution coefficients but its effect decreases with increasing concentration. The temperature factor is high: at 770–900 °C DREE ≥ 1, while at lower temperatures DREEbecome below unity. Silicon also promotes the fractionation of REE into calcite, while sulfur contributes to retention of REE in the melt. Our results imply that calcite may impose significant control upon REE fractionation at the early stages of crystallization of carbonatitic magmas and might be a closest proxy for monitoring the REE content in initial melt.
Anthropogenic influence on the changing risk of heat waves over India
Authors: Kishore P. , Basha Ghouse , Venkat Ratnam M. , AghaKouchak Amir , Sun Qiaohong , Velicogna Isabella , Ouarda T. B. J. M.
Published: February 2022

The overarching goal of this paper is to shed light on the human influence on the changing patterns of heat waves in India using the Heat Wave Magnitude Index daily (HWMId). The HWMId obtained from the observational data sets shows a large increase in the heat waves during the past decades. Investigating the effects of natural (e.g., solar variations and volcanic forcings) and anthropogenic (e.g., greenhouse gas emissions, anthropogenic, land use, and land cover) forcings revealed that the anthropogenic factors have cause a two-fold increase in the occurrence probability of severe heat waves in central and mid-southern India during twentieth century. The spatial distribution of maximum HWMId values under natural and all forcings (including anthropogenic) indicates that in most places human activities have increases the frequency, duration and intensity of extreme heat waves. Under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5, the risk of heat waves is projected to increase tenfold during the twenty-first century. More than ~ 70% of the land areas in India is projected to be influenced by heat waves with magnitudes greater than 9. Furthermore, we find a significant relationship between heat waves and deficits in precipitation. Results show that concurrent heat waves and droughts are projected to increase in most places in India during the twenty-first century.
STAT3 inhibition suppresses adaptive survival of ALK-rearranged lung cancer cells through transcriptional modulation of apoptosis
Authors: Yanagimura Naohiro , Takeuchi Shinji , Fukuda Koji , Arai Sachiko , Tanimoto Azusa , Nishiyama Akihiro , Ogo Naohisa , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Asai Akira , Watanabe Satoshi , Kikuchi Toshiaki , Yano Seiji
Published: February 2022

Patients with advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer who are prescribed ALK-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) rarely have complete responses, with residual tumors relapsing as heterogeneous resistant phenotypes. Herein, we investigated new therapeutic strategies to reduce and eliminate residual tumors in the early treatment phase. Functional genomic screening using small guide RNA libraries showed that treatment-induced adaptive survival of ALK-rearranged lung cancer cells was predominantly dependent on STAT3 activity upon ALK inhibition. STAT3 inhibition effectively suppressed the adaptive survival of ALK-rearranged lung cancer cells by enhancing ALK inhibition-induced apoptosis. The combined effects were characterized by treatment-induced STAT3 dependence and transcriptional regulation of anti-apoptotic factor BCL-XL. In xenograft study, the combination of YHO-1701 (STAT3 inhibitor) and alectinib significantly suppressed tumor regrowth after treatment cessation with near tumor remission compared with alectinib alone. Hence, this study provides new insights into combined therapeutic strategies for patients with ALK-rearranged lung cancer.
Charge transfer induced symmetry breaking in GaN/Bi2Se3 topological heterostructure device
Authors: Ahmad Faizan , Kumar Rachana , Kushvaha Sunil Singh , Kumar Mahesh , Kumar Pramod
Published: February 2022

In topological insulators (TI) for surface electron transport, dissipationless surface states are required and are activated by symmetry breaking usually by reducing thickness of the film. Substrates play an important role in modulating the surface properties by modifying the surface electronic and mechanical properties. In the present work, we have studied the n-GaN/p-Bi2Se3 topological heterojunction for the topological surface states and analyzed by Raman and ultrafast transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy probed in visible and NIR regions. Raman spectrum clearly shows the electron-phonon interaction at the surface by appearance of surface phonon modes (SPM) in heterojunction. TA spectroscopy is performed on Glass/Bi2Se3 and n-GaN/Bi2Se3 heterojunction to identify surface states, energy levels, charge transfer and carrier relaxation processes. Electrical measurements under dark and illuminated conditions were performed for deeper understanding of the interface states and their effect on electrical and optical performance. The study provides complete understanding of n-GaN/TI-based interfaces by spectroscopic and electrical measurements for their application in next-generation electronic and optical devices.
Warming, increase in precipitation, and irrigation enhance greening in High Mountain Asia
Authors: Maina Fadji Zaouna , Kumar Sujay V. , Albergel Clement , Mahanama Sarith P.
Published: February 2022

High-Mountain Asia exhibits one of the highest increases in vegetation greenness on Earth, subsequently influencing the exchange of water and energy between the land surface and the atmosphere. Given the strong interactions between the hydrosphere, the biosphere, and the cryosphere, understanding the drivers of greening in this highly complex region with significant land cover heterogeneity is essential to assess the changes in the regional water budget. Here, we perform a holistic multivariate remote sensing analysis to simultaneously examine the primary components of the terrestrial water cycle from 2003 to 2020 and decipher the principal drivers of greening in High-Mountain Asia. We identified three drivers of greening: (1) precipitation drives greening in mid and low elevation areas covered by evergreen and mixed forests (e.g., Irrawaddy basin), (2) decreases in snow enhance greening in most of the hydrologic basins, and (3) irrigation induces greening in irrigated lands (Ganges–Brahmaputra and Indus).
Transition metal-free ether coupling and hydroamidation enabling the efficient synthesis of congested heterocycles
Authors: Hirata Goki , Shimoharai Yusuke , Shimada Taisei , Nishikata Takashi
Published: February 2022

The transition-metal-free synthesis of sterically congested ethers and heterocycles via the stereospecific etherification and hydroamidation of α-bromocarboxamides and alkynols.
Visible-light driven water oxidation and oxygen production at soft interfaces
Authors: Moya Betancourt Sara N. , Riva Julieta S. , Uranga Jorge G. , Olaya Astrid J. , Girault Hubert H.
Published: February 2022

The visible light driven water oxidation reaction (WOR) by the organic electron acceptor 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyano-quinodimethane (TCNQF4) was studied at the water|butyronitrile interface.
Interactions of Si+(2PJ) and Ge+ (2PJ) with rare gas atoms (He–Rn): interaction potentials, spectroscopy, and ion transport coefficients
Authors: Davies Alexander R. , Cranney Aiden , Viehland Larry A. , Wright Timothy G.
Published: February 2022

RCCSD(T) potentials for Si+ and Ge+ interacting with RG atoms (RG = He–Rn) are presented, including extrapolating to the basis set limit and spin–orbit coupling. These potentials are used to derive spectroscopic and ion transport parameters.
Mesoporous silica nanoparticle-embedded lanthanide organic polyhedra for enhanced stability, luminescence and cell imaging
Authors: Lin Xiao-Shan , Yu Yanzi , Zhou Li-Peng , He Lizhen , Chen Tianfeng , Sun Qing-Fu
Published: February 2022

We report here a simple but efficient “ship-in-a-bottle” strategy for increasing the stability and luminescence of LOPs by embedding them into MSNs. The biotin-modified Eu8L12@MSNs-biotin has been successfully applied in cancer cell targeted imaging.
Highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of the emerging pollutant ciprofloxacin via the rational design of a magnetic interfacial junction of mangosteen peel waste-derived 3D graphene hybrid material
Authors: Zeng Gongchang , Zhang Hanyun , Liang Shujie , Zhong Xiaohui , Zhang Mengyuan , Zhong Zuqi , Deng Hong , Zeng Heping , Lin Zhang
Published: February 2022

A promising strategy for magnetic field-assisted highly efficient photocatalytic performance.
An effective magnetic nanoadsorbent based on a carbonaceous/spinel ferrite nanocomposite for the removal of pharmaceutical pollutants from wastewater
Authors: Al-Hetlani Entesar , D'Cruz Bessy , Amin Mohamed O. , Madkour Metwally
Published: February 2022

Activated carbon modified with metal ferrite CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (AC–CoFe2O4) was prepared as a magnetic nanoadsorbent for removing promazine (PZ) from wastewater.
Exploration and verification of the effect of S/N ratios on elemental sulfur generation in a simultaneous sulfide and nitrate removal process
Authors: Sun Yue , Qaisar Mahmood , Chen Bilong , Wang Kaiquan , Cai Jing
Published: February 2022

The effect of various S/N ratios on substrate removal and the nature of products was investigated during simultaneous sulfide and nitrate removal; analysis of the microbial community structure and its dominant species was also accomplished.
Matching emerging formic acid synthesis processes with application requirements
Authors: Thijs Barbara , Rongé Jan , Martens Johan A.
Published: February 2022

Electrolytic formic acid synthesis delivers green formic acid at the right concentration for emerging applications.
Precise determination of 244Cm by 244Cm/239Pu alpha ratio measurements
Authors: Malmbeck Rikard , Banik Nidhu lal , Nicholl Adrian , Horta-Domenech Joan , Zuniga Martin Vargas , Lützenkirchen Klaus
Published: February 2022

This work describes a method developed for the precise determination of Cm in a solution. The method is based on accurate spiking of a 244Cm solution having a known isotopic vector but unknown concentration, with a Pu reference standard.
A phenanthridine-based probe for selective detection of hypochlorite ions
Authors: Enbanathan Saravanan , Manickam Saravanakumar , Munusamy Sathishkumar , Jothi Dhanapal , Manoj Kumar Selin , Kulathu Iyer Sathiyanarayanan
Published: February 2022

A novel oxime-based fluorescent chemosensor (E)-2-(4′-(7,8,13,14-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,i]phenanthridin-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethen-1-ol (PBO) has been developed for the fluorimetric detection of hypochlorite ion (OCl−).
One-step synthesis of PY-NBD to distinguish Cys/Hcy and GSH in aqueous solutions and living cells by dual channels
Authors: Gao Meng-Xu , Su Sa , Yang Chun-Lei , Kang Hao , Liang Chen-Lu , Jing Jing , Zhang Xiao-Ling
Published: February 2022

An easy-to-synthesize fluorescent probe PY-NBD was developed to distinguish Cys/Hcy and GSH by two channels in aqueous solutions and living cells.
Inverse deep learning methods and benchmarks for artificial electromagnetic material design
Authors: Ren Simiao , Mahendra Ashwin , Khatib Omar , Deng Yang , Padilla Willie J. , Malof Jordan M.
Published: February 2022

Solving inverse material design problems with deep learning: we compare eight deep learning models on three problems, identifying the best approaches and demonstrating that they are highly effective.
Developing flow photo-thiol–ene functionalizations of cinchona alkaloids with an autonomous self-optimizing flow reactor
Authors: Konan Kouakou Eric , Abollé Abollé , Barré Elvina , Aka Ehu Camille , Coeffard Vincent , Felpin François-Xavier
Published: February 2022

Continuous flow photo-thiol–ene reactions on cinchona alkaloids with a variety of organic thiols have been developed using enabling technologies such as a self-optimizing flow photochemical reactor.
Nonlinear dilatational rheology of different protein aggregates at the oil–water interface
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Bao , Ye Jing , Sun Fusheng , Liu Yantao , Yang Nan , Nishinari Katsuyoshi
Published: February 2022

The adsorption kinetics and dilatational nonliner rheological behaviors of protein aggregates including fibrils and nanoparticles at the oil–water interface were studied using a pendant drop tensiometer, and compared with those of native proteins.
Mobility and phase transitions of the [EMIm+][FSI−] ionic liquid confined in micro- and mesoporous carbons
Authors: Ratajczak Paula , Bachetzky Christopher , Wang Zhuanpei , Chojnacka Agnieszka , Fulik Natalia , Pameté Emmanuel , Pourhosseini S. E. M. , Brunner Eike , Beguin Francois
Published: February 2022

1H NMR and DSC on [EMIm+][FSI−] confined in Si-templated carbons revealed a wider freezing temperature range, as compared to the neat IL, due to ions in interaction with the mesopore walls remaining mobile even if the IL in pore center is frozen.
Multi-layered stimuli responsive DNA micelles for the stepwise controlled release of small molecules
Authors: Santiana Joshua J. , Sawant Shraddha S. , Gomez Nicole , Rouge Jessica L.
Published: February 2022

DNA functionalized Multi layered Surface Crosslinked Micelles (mlSCMs) can compartmentalize two small molecule cargo in distinct layers. In response to the appropriate trigger, mlSCMs can release cargo for chemical and biochemical applications.
C–H bond chlorination using nickel(ii) complexes of tetradentate amido-quinoline ligands
Authors: Adhikari Sanjay , Sarkar Aniruddha , Dhar Basab Bijayi
Published: February 2022

Ni(ii)-tetradentate amido-quinoline complexes effectively catalysed C–H chlorination of a series of hydrocarbons in the presence of NaOCl and acetic acid.
An ab initio study of the photodissociation of the vinyl radical
Authors: Bouallagui A. , Zanchet A. , Bañares L. , García-Vela A.
Published: February 2022

The photodissociation pathways of the vinyl radical are investigated by means of high-level ab initio calculations.
Synthesis–structure relationships in Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides: phase evolution, superstructure ordering and stacking faults
Authors: Menon Ashok S. , Khalil Said , Ojwang Dickson O. , Edström Kristina , Gomez Cesar Pay , Brant William R.
Published: February 2022

Systematic investigation of synthesis-dependent structural changes in Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides.
Photo-responsive hole formation in the monolayer membrane wall of a supramolecular nanotube for quick recovery of encapsulated protein
Authors: Kameta N. , Kikkawa Y. , Norikane Y.
Published: February 2022

Photoisomerization of an azobenzene derivative embedded in the glycolipid monolayer membrane wall of a nanotube resulted in the formation of many holes in the membrane wall for release of an encapsulated protein.
Light-induced hidden multistability in a spin crossover metal–organic framework
Authors: Xie Kai-Ping , Ruan Ze-Yu , Chen Xiao-Xian , Yang Jiong , Wu Si-Guo , Ni Zhao-Ping , Tong Ming-Liang
Published: February 2022

An extremely rare bidirectional light-induced excited spin-state trapping effect is firstly observed in a 3D Hofmann-type metal–organic framework with 1-fluoronaphthalene guests.
Multifunctional nanoarchitectured porous carbon for solar steam generation and supercapacitor applications
Authors: Kumar Nitish , Wani Tawseef Ahmad , Pathak Prakash Kumar , Bera Ashok , Salunkhe Rahul R.
Published: February 2022

Multifunctional nanoporous carbon with high specific surface areas, tunable pore structures, good conductivity, and high optical absorption is a promising material for solar steam generation and supercapacitor applications.
Ultrafast charging and ultralong cycle life in solid-state Al-ion batteries
Authors: Shen Xuejing , Sun Tao , Wu Zhanjun , Tan Li
Published: February 2022

A free-standing gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) with an ultrahigh ionic conductivity is proposed for ultrafast-charging solid-state batteries. By regulating the GPE–electrode interface, resulting Al-ion battery exhibits 17% more power/energy density.
Sex-Related Differences in the Associations Between Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scores and Pure-Tone Measures of Hearing
Authors: Al-Yawer Faisal , Bruce Halina , Li Karen Z. H. , Pichora-Fuller M. Kathleen , Phillips Natalie A.
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

Hearing loss (HL) is associated with cognitive performance in older adults, including performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), a brief cognitive screening test. Yet, despite well-established sex-related differences in both hearing and cognition, very few studies have tested whether there are sex-related differences in auditory-cognitive associations.

Method:

In the current cross-sectional retrospective analysis, we examined sex-related differences in hearing and cognition in 193 healthy older adults (M= 69 years, 60% women). Hearing was measured using audiometry (pure-tone average [PTA] of thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz in the worse ear). Cognition was assessed using the MoCA. Additionally, we calculated MoCA scores with hearing-dependent subtests excluded from scoring (MoCA-Modified).

Results:

Men and women did not differ in age, education, or history of depression. Women had better hearing than men. Women with normal hearing were more likely to pass the MoCA compared with their counterparts with HL. In contrast, the likelihood of passing the MoCA did not depend on hearing status in men. Linear regression analysis showed an interaction between sex and PTA in the worse ear. PTAs were significantly correlated with both MoCA and MoCA-Modified scores in women, whereas this was not observed in the men.

Conclusions:

This study is one of the first to demonstrate significant sex-related differences in auditory-cognitive associations even when hearing-related cognitive test items are omitted. Potential mechanisms underlying these female-specific effects are discussed.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19233297
Acoustic Analysis of Taiwanese Tones in Esophageal Speech and Pneumatic Artificial Laryngeal Speech
Authors: Hong Szu-Wei , Chan Roger W.
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

This study examined the acoustic properties of Taiwanese (Southern Min) lexical tones produced in esophageal speech (ES) and pneumatic artificial laryngeal speech (PAL), including onset fundamental frequency (F0), slope of F0 contour, duration, and amplitude (intensity) of the vowel portion of syllables carrying seven Taiwanese tones.

Method:

Seven ES speakers, seven PAL speakers, and 18 normal laryngeal (NL) speakers (all male) read aloud target syllables carrying the tones in monosyllables, disyllables, and sentences. Acoustic features were measured with
Praat
.

Results:

Acoustic analysis revealed (a) no significant effects of linguistic level on acoustic parameters except for duration, which generally significantly decreased from monosyllables to disyllables to sentences for Tones 1 and 5; (b) significant differences across the speaker groups in onset F0 (PAL > ES > NL), duration (PAL > NL and PAL > ES for all tones), and mean amplitude (PAL > NL > ES); and (c) no significant difference in mean slope of F0 contour across the speaker groups.

Conclusions:

These preliminary data on acoustic properties of Taiwanese tones produced by ES and PAL speakers could facilitate the design of therapeutic strategies for improving the intelligibility of alaryngeal lexical tones. Further studies are recommended to examine the relative perceptual importance of the acoustic parameters.
Importance of source structure on complex organics emission
Authors: van Gelder M. L. , Nazari P. , Tabone B. , Ahmadi A. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Beltrán M. T. , Fuller G. A. , Sakai N. , Sánchez-Monge Á. , Schilke P. , Yang Y.-L. , Zhang Y.
Published: February 2022

Context. Complex organic molecules (COMs) are often observed toward embedded Class 0 and I protostars. However, not all Class 0 and I protostars exhibit COM emission.

Aims. The aim is to study variations in methanol (CH3OH) emission and use this as an observational tracer of hot cores to test if the absence of CH3OH emission can be linked to source properties.

Methods. A sample of 148 low-mass and high-mass protostars is investigated using new and archival observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) that contain lines of CH3OH and its isotopologues. Data for an additional 36 sources are added from the literature, giving a total of 184 different sources. The warm (T ≳ 100 K) gaseous CH3OH mass, MCH3OH, is determined for each source using primarily optically thin isotopologues and is compared to a simple toy model of a spherically symmetric infalling envelope that is passively heated by the central protostar.

Results. A scatter of more than four orders of magnitude is found for MCH3OH among the low-mass protostars, with values ranging between 10−7 M⊙ and ≲10−11 M⊙. On average, Class I protostellar systems seem to have less warm MCH3OH(≲10−10 M⊙) than younger Class 0 sources (~10−7 M⊙). High-mass sources in our sample show more warm MCH3OH, up to ~10−7−10−3 M⊙. To take into account the effect of the source’s overall mass on MCH3OH, a normalized CH3OH mass is defined as MCH3OH/Mdust,0, where Mdust,0 is the cold plus warm dust mass in the disk and inner envelope within a fixed radius measured from the ALMA dust continuum. A correlation between MCH3OH/Mdust,0 and Lbol is found. Excluding upper limits, a simple power-law fit to the normalized warm CH3OH masses results in MCH3OH/Mdust,0 ∝ Lbol0.70±0.05 over an Lbol range of 10−1−106 L⊙. This is in good agreement with the toy model, which predicts that the normalized MCH3OH increases with Lbol0.70 due to the snow line moving outward. Sources for which the size of the disk is equivalent to or smaller than the estimated 100 K radius fall within the 3σ range of the best-fit power-law model, whereas sources with significantly larger disks show normalized warm CH3OH masses that are up to two orders of magnitude lower.

Conclusions. The agreement between sources that are rich in CH3OH with the toy model of a spherically symmetric infalling envelope implies that the thermal structure of the envelopes in these sources is likely not strongly affected by a disk. However, based on the disagreement between the toy model and sources that show less warm CH3OH mass, we suggest that source structure such as a disk can result in colder gas and thus fewer COMs in the gas phase. Additionally, optically thick dust can hide the emission of COMs. Advanced modeling is necessary to quantify the effects of a disk and/or continuum optical depth on the presence of gaseous COMs in young protostellar systems.
Probing the neutrino mass scale with the KATRIN experiment
Authors: Parno Diana S. , Valerius Kathrin
Published: February 2022

The absolute mass scale of the neutrino is one of the most fundamental open questions in contemporary particle physics, with implications from particle theory to cosmology. Through precision measurements of beta-decay kinematics, the KATRIN experiment probes the neutrino mass with unprecedented sensitivity.
Could the re-emerging practice of wild boar hunting linked to the recent economic crisis lead to new outbreaks of trichinellosis in Lebanon?
Authors: Khalil Georges , Marty Pierre , Hage Karl , Sfeir Salma , El Hage Jeanne , Bou Assi Tarek , Rassam Maria , Pomares Christelle , Mikhael Elio
Published: February 2022

Background: Documented trichinellosis outbreaks in Lebanon date back to the late 19th century. The first published outbreaks were attributed to the consumption of wild boar meat, while those that followed incriminated pork. The practice of hunting wild boar is currently re-emerging in Lebanon given the recent economic crisis that has limited the purchase of livestock meat. Results: In Lebanon, at least 15 outbreaks of trichinellosis have been reported since 1870. We report an outbreak in January 2019, where five of the fifteen people present at a barbecue party were diagnosed with trichinellosis after wild boar meat consumption. Two subspecies of wild boar, Sus scrofa libycus and Sus scrofa scrofa, are commonly targeted by hunters. Hunters and consumers are sometimes unaware of the ineffectiveness of freezing meat and cooking over a wood fire to avoid trichinellosis. Unexpectedly, the National Center for Zoonosis Control receives every year 4 samples of wild boar meat, all free of Trichinella sp. larvae. Conclusion: Trichinellosis, a zoonosis typically unrecognized or undeclared, still represents a risk linked to the consumption of meat from wild animals, especially wild boar. Consumers, hunters, veterinarians, and butchers need to be further educated. Government regulation of wild boar hunting should be implemented to prevent further outbreaks.
Liens interinstitutionnels et psychanalyse, du bébé aux personnes âgées en psychiatrie générale de secteur
Authors: Béguier Isabelle
Published: February 2022

Depuis plus de trente ans, le service de psychiatrie des 5e et 6e arrondissements de Paris a engagé une politique de prévention qui s’est traduite par des réunions d’élaboration clinique pour les personnes en souffrance psychique que les acteurs des deux arrondissements rencontrent. Des réunions périodiques (Prévention Formation Réciproque) permettent également de mettre en commun entre ces acteurs les thèmes travaillés avec chacun d’eux. Enfin, des entretiens psychanalytiques avec des patients du service - ouverts aux partenaires des arrondissements - et un groupe parentalité centré sur le bébé dans l’adulte permettent de rendre sensibles tous les soignants et partenaires à la dimension psychodynamique de la vie psychique. La prévention repose sur le tissage de liens de confiance entre les acteurs de l’arrondissement et sur la psychanalyse du bébé aux personnes âgées.
Profession psychomotricienne
Authors: Bouillot Isabelle
Published: February 2022

« Profession Psychomotricienne » présente les thèmes qui animent ma pratique de psychomotricienne formée à l’observation selon E. Bick en CAMSP, en 7 points : - une place spécifique, inédite, complexe; - à la recherche de la contenance; - à partir d’un centrage sur le corporel, le présent, les détails; - sur la présence émotionnelle… (faire ne fait pas tout); - soulignant l’importance de l’écrit, de la narrativité; - des « 3 temps » (le trois); - de la complexité, de l’incertitude, de la capacité de rêverie, et de la capacité négative.
Schwere Bleivergiftung durch ayurvedisches Heilmittel
Authors: Scherbaum Christina Rebecca , Frank Thorsten , Suárez Victor
Published: February 2022

Anamnese Wir berichten den Fall eines jungen Patienten, der sich mit reduziertem Allgemeinzustand, Anämie und krampfartigen Bauchschmerzen in unserer Notaufnahme vorstellte. Eine vorangegangene stationäre Abklärung inklusive abdomineller Bildgebung und Knochenmarkpunktion hatte keine Diagnose erbracht. Auf Nachfrage berichtete der Patient von der oralen Einnahme eines Ayurveda-Präparats über 1 Monat.

Untersuchungen 24-jähriger kreislaufstabiler Patient in reduziertem Allgemeinzustand mit grauem Hautkolorit und einem dunklen Gingivalsaum. Im Labor zeigten sich ein Anstieg der Transaminasen und eine normozytäre Anämie. Der periphere Blutausstrich ergab eine basophile Tüpfelung der Erythrozyten. In Blut und Haaren des Patienten ließen sich deutlich erhöhte Bleispiegel nachweisen. Es gelang der Nachweis toxischer Bleilevel im eingenommenen Präparat.

Diagnose Schwere Bleivergiftung, ausgelöst durch Eigenmedikation mit einem ayurvedischen Heilmittel. Die Analytik ergab eine tägliche orale Bleibelastung vom 136-Fachen der maximal zulässigen Dosis.

Therapie und Verlauf Mittels Chelatortherapie ließen sich die Blutbleispiegel deutlich senken, und es kam zur völligen Regredienz der Beschwerden sowie zu einer Normalisierung der Laborbefunde.

Folgerung Blei hat toxische Wirkungen auf praktisch alle Organsysteme des Körpers und wird für Jahrzehnte im Knochen gespeichert. Die Symptome einer Vergiftung sind unspezifisch; zielführend sind eine gründliche Anamnese sowie die großzügige Indikationsstellung zur Messung der Bleispiegel.
Relation Between Slopes of Word Recognition Psychometric Functions and Homogeneity of the Stimulus Materials
Authors: Wilson Richard H. , Carter Anne Strouse
Published: February 2022

This tutorial paper examines the relation between the slope of a mean word recognition function and the homogeneity or variability (with respect to recognition) of the individual stimulus items that compose the test materials. This was studied in terms of both the location (Cartesian) and slope of the psychometric functions of the individual words that compose the materials. Word recognition performances were measured for 100 CID W-22 (Hirsh) words and 100 PB-50 (Rush Hughes) words in quiet (0 to 56 dB HL in 8-dB steps) on 12 subjects with normal hearing. The functions for the individual W-22 words were more homogeneous (less variable) than were the functions for the individual PB-50 words. The mean function for the W-22 words was steeper (3.1%/dB) than the function for the PB-50 words (1.9%/dB). This evaluation of the individual words demonstrates the direct relation between variability of the test items and the slope of the mean psychometric function. The more homogeneous performance is on the individual test items with respect to both location and slope, the steeper the slope of the mean psychometric function.

Abbreviations: ANOVA = analysis of variance, CD = compact disc
Clinical Application of the SADL Scale in Private Practice II: Predictive Validity of Fitting Variables
Authors: Hosford-Dunn Holly , Halpern Jerry
Published: February 2022

Predictive validity of 44 independent variables and their interactions with Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL) scores was assessed. SADL scores were influenced by patient age, years of hearing aid experience, hours of use per day, perceived hearing difficulty, pure-tone average, hearing aid style, processor type, and manufacturer's invoice cost. The relative importance of these variables to SADL measures was complex and very small, but the variables and their squares and interactions improved r2 predictions of SADL Global and subscale scores in a separate stepwise multiple linear regression procedure by 12 to 33 percent compared to SADL norms alone. More research with additional variables is needed to develop a clinically useful model for predicting wearer satisfaction. Clinically, SADL scores yield subscale-specific patterns of satisfaction and dissatisfaction that help in intervention planning and serve as graphic "snapshots" of satisfaction status. A series of patient profiles are presented illustrating the potential usefulness of the SADL in predicting hearing aid satisfaction. With its good construct and psychometric properties, the SADL could serve as a gold standard for satisfaction outcomes and a basis for development of a predictive model of hearing aid fitting success.

Abbreviations: ANOVA = analysis of variance, BTE = behind the ear, CIC = completely in the canal, DSP = digital signal processing, ITC = in the canal, ITE = in the ear, PP-SADL = private practice SADL group, PTA = pure-tone average, SADL = Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life
Drohendes Fiasko: Politischer Grabenkampf bremst Impfpflicht aus
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: February 2022

Ab 15. März soll die einrichtungsbezogene Impfpflicht im Gesundheitswesen gelten. So haben es Bundestag und Bundesrat Ende 2021 beschlossen, mit den Stimmen der Koalition und der CDU. Im Februar war es mit der Einigkeit wieder vorbei: Bayern kündigte an, die Impfpflicht auszusetzen – und auch die CDU plädierte plötzlich dafür. Obwohl noch gar nicht in Kraft, könnte damit die einrichtungsbezogene Impfpflicht im politischen Grabenkampf noch scheitern.
Erfolgreiche Wahlleistung: Mehr als ein Blumengruß
Authors: Klinger Anja
Published: February 2022

Wachsende Patientenzufriedenheit, klarer Wettbewerbsvorteil und erhebliche Erlössteigerung – das alles ist mit einer guten Vereinbarung mit dem PKV-Verband und Investitionen in ein Wahlleistungsangebot für jede Klinik gleichermaßen möglich. Die Realität sieht allerdings häufig anders aus.
Strategies Used in Feigning Hearing Loss
Authors: Martin Frederick N. , Champlin Craig A. , McCreery Tiana M.
Published: February 2022

Thirty unsophisticated participants with normal hearing were paid to simulate a hearing loss according to their success in "deceiving" the examiner. The behaviors that these "malingerers" manifested are described . A post-examination interview revealed the strategies used by these participants, which may reflect those strategies used by patients who truly attempt to feign a hearing loss .

Abbreviations : AC = air conduction, BC = bone conduction, NOHL = nonorganic hearing loss, PB = phonetically balanced, PTA = pure-tone average, SRT = speech recognition threshold, WRS = word recognition score
Some Issues Relevant to Establishing a Universal Newborn Hearing Screening Program
Authors: Gorga Michael P. , Preissler Kimberly , Simmons Jeff , Walker Lisa , Hoover Brenda
Published: February 2022

This article describes some of the factors relevant to the establishment of a universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) program. First, the difficulty in providing precise estimates of test sensitivity and specificity are reviewed. This section is followed by hypothetical estimates of overall programmatic costs, first for a fixed number of babies to be screened and then as a function of the number of babies to be screened in a year. Included in these estimates are the costs for equipment, disposables, personnel, and follow-up testing. These estimates are provided for three different screening protocols: auditory brainstem response (ABR) alone, otoacoustic emission (OAE) alone, and OAE followed by ABR only for those babies who failed the OAE screening. If follow-up costs are not included, it is less expensive to screen newborns with OAEs compared with the other two protocols. However, once follow-up testing is included as part of the program costs and there are at least 400 births per year, procedures in which OAEs are performed first, followed by an ABR on those infants who do not pass the OAE test, result in the lowest costs. Hospitals with as few as 400 births per year should expect per-baby costs not exceeding $30, regardless of which protocol is used. For all three protocols, the unit costs decrease as the number of babies screened increases. The final section describes data from a local UNHS program in which all infants are screened first with an OAE test, followed by an ABR test on infants not passing the OAE screening. Idiosyncratic features to this program are described, including the fact that all screening tests are performed by audiologists, who are paid on a part-time basis, adding cost to the program. Even under these circumstances, the unit cost is under $30. These data lead us to conclude that all infants can be screened in a cost-effective manner.

Abbreviations: ABR = auditory brainstem response, DPOAE = distortion product otoacoustic emission, NICU = neonatal intensive care unit, OAE = otoacoustic emission, UNHS = universal newborn hearing screening
Barriers and facilitators of translating health research findings into policy in sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review
Authors: Damba Florence Upenyu , Mtshali Ntombifikile Gloria , Chimbari Moses John
Published: February 2022

Despite efforts made by sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries to promote evidence-informed health policymaking, translating research evidence into policy remains a very challenging task fraught with many barriers. However, to achieve the goal of making more evidence-informed decisions to improve health, it is critical to overcome the barriers to the translation of research into policy. This paper provides an overview of the barriers and facilitators of translating research into policy in SSA countries to understand why research findings are sometimes not translated into policy and makes suggestions for improving the situation. Arksey and O’Malley’s five-step methodological framework guided the scoping review process. Primary research literature published in English between January 2010 and March 2021 was systematically searched using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and EBSCO host search engines. We focused on articles that reported on the barriers to and facilitators of translating research findings into policy. Two hundred and twenty-three articles were identified but 162 articles met the eligibility criteria. Of those that met the eligibility criteria, 73 were excluded after reading the title and abstract. After title and abstract screening, a further 70 articles were excluded thus remaining with only 19 articles from 16 SSA countries that were given a full review through data extraction and thematic analysis. The most common barriers identified were limited capacity by policymakers to use evidence, inaccessibility of research evidence, lack of high-quality usable evidence and use of policy briefs alone. Although translation of research findings into policy is fraught with a multitude of barriers, there are means to overcome them such as the availability of research results, strengthened capacity for evidence use, the establishment of a department of research within the Ministry of Health, appropriate packaging of research results, use of policy briefs, stakeholder feedback meetings and annual research dissemination conferences where policy briefs are discussed and distributed. Where funding is limited research should be policy driven instead of open-ended to avoid wasting resources. It is imperative to have a comprehensive approach to reduce barriers whilst enhancing facilitators that may improve the translation of research findings into policy.
Memristor with BiVO4 nanoparticle as artificial synapse for neuroinspired computing
Authors: Zhao Mengliu , Sun Yong , Yan Lei , Zhao Zhen , Wang Linxia , Yan Xiaobing , Wang Kaiyou
Published: February 2022

A memristor is very important for the development of an artificial neuromorphic system. However, the breakthrough of the limit of a work region for memristors remains challenging. Herein, a BiVO4 nanoparticle is proposed to be a high-performance artificial synapse for a neuromorphic system. A BiVO4-based artificial synapse exhibits superior bidirectional analog switching properties. Furthermore, the fundamental neurobiological synaptic functions in the BiVO4-based artificial synapse can be achieved, such as potentiation, a depression, nonlinear transmission, spike-time-dependent plasticity, pair-pulse facilitation, and the transition from short-term to long-term potentiation. Moreover, the movement of oxygen vacancies by an electric field is responsible for resistance switching. This work provides different insights into the design of an artificial synapse based on memristors.
Temperature-dependent photodetection behavior of AlGaN/GaN-based ultraviolet phototransistors
Authors: Yang Lei , Zhang Haochen , Sun Yue , Hu Kunpeng , Xing Zhanyong , Liang Kun , Fang Shi , Wang Danhao , Yu Huabin , Kang Yang , Sun Haiding
Published: February 2022

In this work, we investigated the temperature-dependent photodetection behavior of a high-performance AlGaN/GaN-based ultraviolet phototransistor (UVPT) operating under 265 nm illumination. As the temperature continuously rises from room temperature to 250 °C, the photocurrent of a device increases in the beginning but suffers from degradation afterwards. This can be explained by the competing process between the generation and recombination rate of photo-induced carriers in the UVPT at room and high temperatures. Intriguingly, we found that the optimal operating temperature for our UVPT is around 50 °C, featuring a high peak responsivity of 1.52 × 105 A/W under a light intensity of 45 μW/cm2. Furthermore, the photoresponse time of our UVPT is also highly temperature-dependent, exhibiting the shortest rise time of 50 ms at 100 °C while the decay time is monotonically reduced as the temperature rises to 250 °C. Notably, our AlGaN/GaN-based UVPTs exhibit ultra-high responsivity at high temperatures, which have outperformed those earlier reported UV photodetectors in the form of different device architectures, highlighting the great potential of such device configurations for harsh environment applications.
Transformation of polarisation singularities in nonlinear mixing of light beams with frequency conversion in a medium with cubic nonlinearity
Authors: Grigoriev K.S. , Makarov V.A.
Published: February 2022

We analyse the electric field transverse distributions in light beams with a tripled frequency and with a frequency of 2ω1–ω2, which arise in the bulk of an isotropic cubic-nonlinear medium upon the propagation of nonuniformly polarised beams of fundamental radiation with a multimode transverse structure described by a superposition of Laguerre – Gaussian modes. A relation is found between the total topological indices of the circular polarisation singularity points in the transverse sections of the generated signal beams and the corresponding total indices in the beams of fundamental radiation.
1.56-to-2.84 μm SRS conversion of chirped pulses of a high-power erbium fibre laser in a methane-filled hollow-core revolver fibre
Authors: Krylov A.A. , Gladyshev A.V. , Senatorov A.K. , Kolyadin A.N. , Kosolapov A.F. , Khudyakov M.M. , Likhachev M.E. , Bufetov I.A.
Published: February 2022

Single-cascade 1.56-to-2.84 μm SRS conversion is demonstrated in a hollow-core revolver fibre filled with methane at a pressure of 25 atm under pumping by positively chirped pulses of a high-power erbium-doped all-fibre laser. At a maximum pump pulse energy of 34 μJ (average power 3.74 W) and a pump pulse duration of about 260 ps, ultrashort pulses (USPs) with a duration of 110 ps and an energy of 1.33 μJ (average power 133 mW) are achieved at the centre wavelength of 2.84 μm. The gas fibre Raman lasers based on hollow-core fibres with pumping by high-power fibre sources are promising for producing all-fibre systems emitting USPs in the mid-IR range.
Sexual function after hysterectomy according to surgical indication: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Till Sara R. , Schrepf Andrew , Pierce Jennifer , Moser Stephanie , Kolarik Ellen , Brummett Chad , As-Sanie Sawsan
Published: February 2022

Background Our aims were to describe characteristics of sexual function prior to and 6 months following benign hysterectomy in patients with three common surgical indications, and to identify preoperative factors that influence the magnitude and direction of change in sexual function after the procedure. Methods This prospective observational cohort study enrolled women (n = 80) undergoing hysterectomy for benign indications. Patients were categorised into three groups according to surgical indication: (1) pelvic pain (PP), (2) abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), and (3) pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Primary outcome was Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), which patients completed preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Results The study included 80 patients, of whom 25.0% (n = 20) had surgical indication of PP, 46.3% (n = 37) of AUB, and 28.7% (n = 23) of POP. PP patients experienced a significant improvement in overall sexual function, as well as orgasm and pain domains following hysterectomy. Significant improvements were not found in AUB and POP patients. In multivariate analysis, lower baseline sexual function (P < 0.001), younger age (P = 0.013), and pelvic pain <6 months (P = 0.020) were each independently associated with improvement in sexual function, but surgical indication was not significant. Conclusion Individual patient factors including younger age, lower baseline sexual function, and short duration of pelvic pain are associated with a higher likelihood of improvement in sexual function after hysterectomy. Surgical indication does not appear to be predictive of postoperative sexual function once accounting for other factors.
An empirical study on integrating a small humanoid robot to support the therapy of children with Autism Spectrum
Disorder and Intellectual Disability
Authors: Conti Daniela , Trubia Grazia , Buono Serafino , Di Nuovo Santo , Di Nuovo Alessandro
Published: February 2022

Recent research showed the potential benefits of robot-assisted therapy in treating children with Autism Spectrum
Disorder. These children often have some form of Intellectual Disability (ID) too, but this has mainly been neglected by previous
robotics research. This article presents an empirical evaluation of robot-assisted imitation training, where the child imitated
the robot, integrated into the Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication handicapped Children (TEACCH)
program. The sample included six hospitalized children with different levels of ID, from mild to profound. We applied mixed
methods to assess their progress, during treatment and three months later. Results show increased Gross Motor Imitation skills in
the children, except for those with profound ID and the therapists’ positive attitude towards the humanoid robot. Furthermore, the
therapists suggest how a robot could be used to autonomously collect and analyze the information obtained in the rehabilitation
training for a continuous evaluation of the participants.