Impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Factors on Individual Investor Performance
Authors:   School of Business Galgotias University, UPADHYAY SWIKRITI 
Published: May 2024

The integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors into investment decision-making has gained significant traction in recent years, reflecting a growing recognition of the importance of sustainability and responsible investing. This detailed abstract provides an overview of the impact of ESG factors on individual investor performance, highlighting key findings, methodologies, and implications from empirical research in the field. The global financial crisis of 2008, coupled with increasing awareness of environmental degradation, social inequality, and corporate governance failures, has underscored the limitations of traditional financial analysis in capturing the full spectrum of risks and opportunities facing investors. In response, there has been a paradigm shift towards incorporating ESG factors into investment analysis, driven by rising demand for sustainable investing, regulatory and policy trends, recognition of materiality, and stakeholder expectations. The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of ESG factors on individual investor performance, addressing key research questions such as: How do ESG factors influence individual investor decision-making and portfolio performance? What is the relationship between ESG ratings, financial performance, and risk-adjusted returns? What are the implications of ESG integration for long-term investment strategies and value creation? The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of financial data with qualitative insights from investor surveys and literature review. ESG factors are evaluated using established frameworks and rating methodologies, including environmental criteria (e.g., carbon emissions, renewable energy), social criteria (e.g., labour practices, diversity), and governance criteria (e.g., board structure, executive compensation). Empirical findings suggest a positive correlation between strong ESG performance and individual investor performance. Companies with high ESG ratings tend to exhibit superior financial performance, lower cost of capital, and improved risk-adjusted returns compared to those with poor ESG performance. Furthermore, there is evidence of sectoral differences in the materiality of ESG factors, with certain industries prioritizing environmental, social, or governance considerations based on industry dynamics and stakeholder expectations. The implications of ESG integration for individual investors are significant. By incorporating ESG considerations into investment strategies, investors can align their portfolios with their values and sustainability objectives, potentially enhancing risk-adjusted returns and contributing to positive societal and environmental impact. However, challenges such as data availability, methodological limitations, and market dynamics need to be addressed to realize the full potential of ESG integration in investor decision-making. In conclusion, the integration of ESG factors represents a fundamental shift in investment practices, reflecting a broader understanding of risk, opportunity, and value creation. By examining the impact of ESG factors on individual investor performance, this research contributes to the advancement of sustainable finance and responsible investment practices, ultimately benefiting investors, companies, and society as a whole.