bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Participatory Analysis of the Control and Certification System in the Italian Organic Rice Value Chain
Authors: Dara Guccione Giovanni , Pagliarino Elena , Borri Ilaria , Vaccaro Alessandra , Borsotto Patrizia
Published: February 2021

Italy is the leading European rice producer. The transition to organic farming of rice farms could represent a solution for environmental protection, as well as for their economic sustainability, consumer safety, and as a measure of climate mitigation. However, there are currently several weaknesses in the control and certification system. The objective of the current study was to propose advice for improving the control and certification scheme in the organic rice sector. The goal was achieved by adopting a qualitative methodology based on participant observation at stakeholder meetings and community-led workshops, and information collected in focus groups and deep interviews with relevant local actors. The findings show that there are some solutions to mitigate the weakness of the Italian certification scheme. The study also contributes to improving the Italian organic rice sector by highlighting that a revision of procedures and sanctions alone is not enough, and that an ethical and cultural change is also needed along the whole value chain.
A Heterogeneous Geospatial Data Retrieval Method Using Knowledge Graph
Authors: Liu Junnan , Liu Haiyan , Chen Xiaohui , Guo Xuan , Zhao Qingbo , Li Jia , Kang Lei , Liu Jianxiang
Published: February 2021

Information resources have increased rapidly in the big data era. Geospatial data plays an indispensable role in spatially informed analyses, while data in different areas are relatively isolated. Therefore, it is inadequate to use relational data in handling many semantic intricacies and retrieving geospatial data. In light of this, a heterogeneous retrieval method based on knowledge graph is proposed in this paper. There are three advantages of this method: (1) the semantic knowledge of geospatial data is considered; (2) more information required by users could be obtained; (3) data retrieval speed can be improved. Firstly, implicit semantic knowledge is studied and applied to construct a knowledge graph, integrating semantics in multi-source heterogeneous geospatial data. Then, the query expansion rules and the mappings between knowledge and database are designed to construct retrieval statements and obtain related spatial entities. Finally, the effectiveness and efficiency are verified through comparative analysis and practices. The experiment indicates that the method could automatically construct database retrieval statements and retrieve more relevant data. Additionally, users could reduce the dependence on data storage mode and database Structured Query Language syntax. This paper would facilitate the sharing and outreach of geospatial knowledge for various spatial studies.
Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of Human and Pig Intestinal Epithelial Cells after Porcine Deltacoronavirus Infection
Authors: Cruz-Pulido Diana , Boley Patricia A. , Ouma Wilberforce Zachary , Alhamo Moyasar A. , Saif Linda J. , Kenney Scott P.
Published: February 2021

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging infectious disease of swine with zoonotic potential. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that PDCoV originated recently from a host-switching event between birds and mammals. Little is known about how PDCoV interacts with its differing hosts. Human-derived cell lines are susceptible to PDCoV infection. Herein, we compare the gene expression profiles of an established host swine cells to potential emerging host human cells after infection with PDCoV. Cell lines derived from intestinal lineages were used to reproduce the primary sites of viral infection in the host. Porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and human intestinal epithelial cells (HIEC) were infected with PDCoV. RNA-sequencing was performed on total RNA extracted from infected cells. Human cells exhibited a more pronounced response to PDCoV infection in comparison to porcine cells with more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in human, 7486, in comparison to pig cells, 1134. On the transcriptional level, the adoptive host human cells exhibited more DEGs in response to PDCoV infection in comparison to the primary pig host cells, where different types of cytokines can control PDCoV replication and virus production. Key immune-associated DEGs and signaling pathways are shared between human and pig cells during PDCoV infection. These included genes related to the NF-kappa-B transcription factor family, the interferon (IFN) family, the protein-kinase family, and signaling pathways such as the apoptosis signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, inflammation/cytokine–cytokine receptor signaling pathway. MAP4K4 was unique in up-regulated DEGs in humans in the apoptosis signaling pathway. While similarities exist between human and pig cells in many pathways, our research suggests that the adaptation of PDCoV to the porcine host required the ability to down-regulate many response pathways including the interferon pathway. Our findings provide an important foundation that contributes to an understanding of the mechanisms of PDCoV infection across different hosts. To our knowledge, this is the first report of transcriptome analysis of human cells infected by PDCoV.
NHS Health Checks: an observational study of equity and outcomes 2009–2017
Authors: Robson John , Garriga Cesar , Coupland Carol , Hippisley-Cox Julia
Published: February 2021

Background

The NHS Health Check cardiovascular prevention programme is now 10 years old.

Aim

To describe NHS Heath Check attendance, new diagnoses, and treatment in relation to equity indicators.

Design and setting

A nationally representative database derived from 1500 general practices from 2009–2017.

Method

The authors compared NHS Health Check attendance and new diagnoses and treatments by age, sex, ethnic group, and deprivation.

Results

In 2013–2017, 590 218 (16.9%) eligible people aged 40–74 years attended an NHS Health Check and 2 902 598 (83.1%) did not attend. South Asian ethnic groups were most likely to attend compared to others, and females more than males. New diagnoses were more likely in attendees than non-attendees: hypertension 25/1000 in attendees versus 9/1000 in non-attendees; type 2 diabetes 8/1000 versus 3/1000; and chronic kidney disease (CKD) 7/1000 versus 4/1000. In people aged ≥65 years, atrial fibrillation was newly diagnosed in 5/1000 attendees and 3/1000 non-attendees, and for dementia 2/1000 versus 1/1000, respectively. Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and CKD were more likely in more deprived groups, and in South Asian, Black African, and Black Caribbean ethnic groups. Attendees were more likely to be prescribed statins (26/1000) than non-attendees (8/1000), and antihypertensive medicines (25/1000 versus 13/1000 non-attendees). However, of the 117 963 people with ≥10% CVD risk who were eligible for statins, only 9785 (8.3%) were prescribed them.

Conclusion

Uptake of NHS Health Checks remains low. Attendees were more likely than non-attendees to be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and CKD, and to receive treatment with statins and antihypertensives. Most attendees received neither treatment nor referral. Of those eligible for statins, <10% were treated. Policy reviews should consider a targeted approach prioritising those at highest CVD risk for face-to-face contact and consider other options for those at lower CVD risk.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE LARGE AND SMALL INTESTINES
Authors: Sementsov A. S. , Ponomarenko V. V.
Published: February 2021

Purpose of the work is to show the possibilities of radiation diagnosis of the normal anatomy of the small and large intestine, as well as their pathological changes through the use of MRI (Hydro-MRI).

Material and methods. Thirty patients were examined by the method of Hydro-MRI. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging on a device with a magnetic induction of 1.5T. To carry out Hydro-MRI, we used T2-weighted sequences, such as a one-time fast spin echo signal obtained in several planes, STIR sequences in three mutually perpendicular sequences, so that, edema wall can be estimated with additional diffusion-weighted images.

Results. Twentypatientswiththemanifestations of Crohn's disease in the form of terminal ileitis, presence of interlope fistulous passages, paraproctitis (fistulous form) were detected. Colon tumors were detected in 8 patients, recurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the small intestine in the anastomosis zone was detected in one patient, and no pathological changes were detected in one patient.

Findings. Hydro-MRI allows visualizing the mass of the small, large intestine and determining the degree of invasion of the intestinal wall and surrounding tissues. Enterography using magnetic resonance enterography has become the most effective methods for visualizing the small intestine in patients with Crohn's disease and can visualize inflammation of the intramural or proximal small intestine in about 50% of patients with Crohn's disease who have undergone endoscopically normal studies. Hydro-MRI is indicated for Crohn's disease and for determining the degree of inflammatory activity. Recent evidence suggests that cross-section visualization may be useful in determining response to therapy, assessing bowel healing and monitoring disease progression. Also, according to researchers at the Medical Imaging Center, University College London, the quantitative motility of the small intestine is an objective biomarker of endoscopic and histopathological inflammatory activity in Crohn's disease and is comparable to previously confirmed estimates of MRI activity enhanced by gadolinium. The final ileal mobility indicator showed a good correlation with endoscopic and histopathological activity in Crohn's disease. The study is painless, no radiation load. Hydro-MRI is a method of choice, when it is impossible to conduct an X-ray examination of the intestine, the inability/uninformativeness of an endoscopic examination of the small, large intestine. Along with video capsular endoscopy, it allows visualization of all departments of the small and large intestine [1].
Unilateral spinal block formation by Tachyphylaxis method
Authors: Filimonov R. V. , Potalov S. A. , Shapoval S. D. , Malyuk Yu. Yu. , Burtsev D. G. , Petrashenok Ye. V. , Kobelyatskiy Yu. Yu. , Filimonova I. V.
Published: February 2021

Thearticlepresentsthetheoreticaljustification and comparative experience in the formation of a unilateral spinal block by tachyphylaxis in urgent surgery during operations on the lower extremities. The possibility of influencing the duration and severity of motor blockade on the operated side was established using the tachyphylaxis method for administering the anesthetic without decreasing the quality of anesthesia as a whole and without increasing the amount of anesthetic administered. The possibility of reducing the development time of full anesthesia to a minimum fixation time of anesthetic on nerve tissue (10 minutes) due to preliminary «sensitization» to nerve fiber anesthetics was established. The possibility of reducing the need for postoperative analgesia by increasing the duration of the postoperative painless period has been established.
Mandibular reconstruction with free non-vascularized rib autograft
Authors: Barannik N. G. , Mosieyko O. O. , Manukhina O. M. , Sidoryako A. V.
Published: February 2021

Purpose of the study. To increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation of patients with acquired bone defects of the mandible with the help of rib free non-vascularized autografts.

Materials and methods. In the maxillofacial department of Municipal non-profit enterprise

«City Clinical Hospital for Emergency and Medical Care, Zaporizhyzhya» Council 41 patients were treated, who underwent surgical treatment to replace the acquired bone defects of the mandible with rib free autografts on the basis of the clinic of maxillofacial surgery of the State Institution SE «Zaporizhzhya Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine» 2015–2019. Most patients were of working age: from 21 to 60 years. In general, the age composition of patients was almost identical, which allowed us to assume that all studies were conducted under the same conditions and in a standard sample. Depending on etiology, surgery – replacement of mandibular defects, performed simultaneously or across a long time period.

Results. Improved technique of mandibular bone grafting by free rib autograft due to the expansion of the technical possibility to reliably fix bone fragments with titanium plates and screws, as well as tight installation of the autograft in the bone defect and create, consequently, favorable conditions for a pseudo-temporal-mandibular joint formation. The own technique of preparation and formation of a costal autograft is offered. For 15 years, no complications were detected and no rejection of freely transplanted costal autografts was observed.

Conclusions. The use of reliable fixation of bone fragments ensures the formation of callus and prevents autograft rejection. The proposed method of preparation of a costal autograft with a fragment of cartilage, allows to achieve reliably forming a pseudo-temporal-mandibular joint.
Legal regulation of organization and provision of rehabilitation assistance to anti-terrorist operation/joint forces operation participants
Authors: Gavlovskyy O. D.
Published: February 2021

Purpose of the study. Investigate the current legal mechanisms for organizing and providing rehabilitation assistance to participants and victims of the armed conflict in the eastern regions of Ukraine.

Materials and methods. To achieve these goals, a standard methodological apparatus for scientific research was used: bibliosemantic, for the analysis of periodical literature, and content analysis, for the analysis of legal documents.

Results. As stated in the regulations, one of the main responsibilities of the state is to ensure the social protection of participants in the armed conflict in the east of the country. To fulfill this function, a number of laws and regulations have been enacted at the legislative levels, which are constantly being revised to improve social, medical and psychological care for participants in the joint force operation (anti-terrorist operation) and its victims. Comprehensive assistance to disabled military personnel and combatants includes statutory guarantees and procedures for their rehabilitation and adaptation. This list includes medical rehabilitation (provision of medical care, including prosthetics and orthoses, provision of technical means of rehabilitation); psychological rehabilitation; social rehabilitation; vocational rehabilitation.

Conclusions. In Ukraine, there is a welldeveloped legal regulation of the process of providing rehabilitation assistance to participants in the armed conflict in the eastern regions of Ukraine. Organizational mechanisms for rehabilitation are constantly being improved: the International Classification of Functioning, Restriction of Life has been introduced; qualification characteristics of rehabilitologists and rehabilitation specialists, occupational therapists, physical therapy assistants and occupational therapists have been developed. It has been established that there are no unified protocols for medical rehabilitation in Ukraine: only a protocol of measures for post-traumatic stress disorder has been developed. A «road map» for medical care, reparative treatment and rehabilitation measures in health care facilities is available and applicable.
Trends of indicators characterizing the burden of type 2 diabetes on health care systems in Ukraine and some developed countries
Authors: Mykhalchyshyn G. P.
Published: February 2021

Purpose of the study. Is to compare the epidemiological trends (2000–2017) of indicators characterizing the burden of type 2 diabetes on health care systems in Ukraine and some developed countries.

Materials and methods. Thetrendsinmorbidity, prevalence, mortality, years lived with disability (YLDs), as well as disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in type 2 diabetes (per 100 thousand of population) were analyzed.

Results. Over a period of 2000–2017, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Ukraine increased by 10,4%, in Belarus – by 9,2%, in Poland – by 28,1%, in Germany – by 32,1% and in the United States – by 69,6%. Accordingly, the largest increase in the prevalence occurred in the United States (by 83,2%), Germany (by 40,0%) and Poland (by 42,6%) and the least in Ukraine (by 9,9%).

The mortality rate in Ukraine as of 2017 was lower than in the USA, Poland and Germany, respectively: 4,0 against 17,4; 13,8; 20,6 per 100 thousand of population. The largest increase in YLDs and DALY occurred in the United States (by 81,0% and 45,6%), Germany (by 45,2% and 28,8%), Poland (by 41,6% and 45,4%), against the background of a slight increase in Ukraine (by 10,2% and 7,8%).

Conclusions. Over a period of 2000–2017, the trends of indicators characterizing the burden of type 2 diabetes on the health care systems of Ukraine and other countries differ, which requires further analysis and clarification of this situation.
Spatial Paradigms in the Travel Park: Sowing the Programmatic Field
Authors:   University of Florida, Hofer Nina
Published: February 2021

This paper attempts to provide a model for meaning by reading the overlay as potential in a banal – if not bizarre – contemporary project: a Chinese theme park in Orlando Florida. Proposed to prospective visitors as “Authentic” it is in fact an extraordinary collision of temporally and culturally distant spatial concepts and building practices. This paper uses an experimental ‘witnessing7 of the park to lay out a series of spacio-conceptual models for travel as power. These range from looking at the theme park as a Chinese propaganda tool, through Bachelard’s concepts of miniaturization and collection, empirical (Chinese) versus theoretical (American) standards for life safety, spatial strategies of 1 lth century Dream Journey Scrolls, and Feng Shui (the art of Placement) The changing nature of architectural practice instigates a movement from building representations of singular architectural ideas to the constructions of more complex ‘programmatic fields.’ We need neither despise nor formally caricature the polyglot programmatic shifts and collisions of our time. This paper takes a hopeful stance, maintaining that the overlay of resonant paradigms provides an opportunity not realized, perhaps, in the existing construction.
Construct
Authors:   Southern College of Technology, Carpenter William
Published: February 2021

The construction process employs design, theory and building into a seamless relationship. Construction is a creative act. Technology is a tool used to reinforce design ideas- not weaken them. Our studio offers challenging social issues expressed through the reality of construction. There is a long legacy of learning through building- from the cathedral guilds to Taliesin, Arcosanti and the Jersey Devil. Learning through building offers a cyclical way to view technology and design simultaneously. This leads to a practical approach where theory is vital for it informs the entire process.
The Comparative Genius of Leonardo de Vinci and R. Buckminster Fuller
Authors:   California Polytechnic State University, Lange John
Published: February 2021

Without question Leonardo da Vinci has been recognized as the Renaissance genius of the fifteenth century due to the various inventions and structures he designed during his lifetime. The twentieth century is rapidly reaching its conclusion and it appears that the outstanding inventor of this time period has been R. Buckminster Fuller due to his inventions in geodesic domes and tensegrity structures. The author wishes to compare the philosophical and intellectual inventions of these two creative giants and arrive at conclusions based upon their methods of creativity, problem solving and the similarity of their physical or mechanical explorations.
Integrated Design Approach for Housing of the Urban Poor: The Case of Pakistan
Authors:   Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Qureshi Shakeel
Published: February 2021

Success of a housing program depends on compatibility of its housing provision with the needs, resources, and priorities of the target group. This is especially true for housing programs in developing countries, which often do not reach the urban poor. This paper argues that the main reason for their failure is the design approach that is used to develop them. The paper addresses two major questions: What is the framework that explains the success or failure of different housing programs? and, What design approach should architects adopt, and the role they should play, so as to reach the urban poor? Different households have different needs, resources, and priorities in various aspects of housing. The conventional design approach addresses only a few aspects and produces incompatible housing. An integrated design approach, on the other hand, addresses all related aspects of housing and achieves compatibility. The Khuda-ki-Basti incremental development scheme in Hyderabad, Pakistan demonstrates that compatible housing can reach the urban poor. To produce compatible housing, the conventional approach needs to be modified to an integrated approach. This, in turn, requires broadening the architects' role and changing the focus of architectural education in the arena of housing for the urban poor.
Orientalista – Aleksander Chodźko i jego wkład w popularyzację języka tureckiego
Authors: Siemieniec-Gołaś Ewa
Published: February 2021

Aleksander Chodźko, polski orientalista, poeta, a także badacz literatur sło­wiańskich urodził się w 1804 roku w majątku Krzywicze na Litwie, zmarł we Francji w 1891 roku. Jako absolwent Uniwersytetu Wileńskiego oraz Instytutu Wschodniego w Petersburgu spędził jedenaście lat w rosyjskiej służbie dyplo­matycznej w Persji (Tebriz, Teheran, Reszt). Rezultatem badań i obserwa­cji prowadzonych w czasie pobytu w Persji nad językiem perskim, literaturą, a także teatrem były liczne prace jego autorstwa opublikowane w późniejszym czasie w Paryżu, Londynie, Petersburgu. Oprócz prac poświęconych tematyce perskiej Chodźko publikował też prace z zakresu slawistyki, którą zajmował się po objęciu w roku 1857 katedry literatur słowiańskich w Collège de France. Mało jest znana natomiast twórczość Aleksandra Chodźki związana z językiem tureckim. Temu zagadnieniu poświęcony jest niniejszy artykuł. W roku 1854 Aleksander Chodźko opublikował w Paryżu podręcznik do nauki języka tureckiego zatytułowany Le Drogman turc… Podręcznik ten powstał na potrzeby żołnierzy francuskiej armii zaangażowanej w udział w wojnie krymskiej (1853–1856) jako turecki sojusznik. Ta niespełna stustro­nicowa praca zawiera nie tylko potrzebne do komunikacji werbalnej tureckie zwroty, wyrażenia i rozmówki francusko-tureckie, ale też skróconą gramatykę języka tureckiego oraz słownik francusko-turecki. Praca ta niezależnie od jej pierwotnego przeznaczenia ma niezwykle nowatorski charakter, bowiem w XIX-wiecznej Europie poza przekładami tureckich utworów literackich, gramatykami deskryptywnymi języka tureckiego czy dwujęzycznymi słowni­kami przekładowymi zawierającymi materiał turecki nie publikowano tego typu dzieł, jakie reprezentuje omawiany Le Drogman turc… Nie ulega wątpliwości, że omawiana praca autorstwa Aleksandra Chodźki miała nowatorski charakter i przyczyniła się do popularyzacji języka tureckiego.
The First Turkish Navy Admiral: Chaka Bey
Authors: Sabire Arık
Published: February 2021

Turks paid special attention to the organization of ground troops due to their geographical location in Central Asia which is why they built the strongest land army in the world. Their first naval endeavor emerged after the conquest of Anatolia. This was because of Anatolia’s geographical position, being an Asian peninsula extending towards the west and situated between the con­tinents of Europe and Asia, and also a conjunction of land and sea routes between the continents. With the start of the Turkish conquest of Anatolia after the victorious Battle of Malazgirt in 1071, the strategy of Turkish domi­nation changed. The new rulers of the area surrounded by sea from three sides realized that the way to protect their territory was the domination of the seas. During this period, mass migration took place from Turkey to the region of western Anatolia, and on the other hand, Chaka Bey (Çaka Bey) managed to dominate Smyrna (Izmir) after the change on the throne of the Byzantine Empire in 1081. He established a Turkish Seaside Principality (Türk Sahil Beyliği or İzmir Türk Beyliği). Although his life was short, the first coastal Turkish state is significant from the point of view of Turkish history, meaning that the history of the Turkish navy starts in 1081, which is the date of the first fleet built by Chaka Bey.
Silence, Spirituality and Contemplative Experience in Contemporary Abstract Paintings. Analysis of Selected Examples
Authors: Tes Agnieszka
Published: February 2021

In recent decades, there has been increasing interest in including the spirit­ual dimension in artistic practice and in discourse on art. This phenomenon seems to be universal but is definitely not homogenic. I examine it by referring to meaningful examples of abstract paintings from different cultural and reli­gious backgrounds. I analyze artworks by two contemporary bicultural paint­ers: the American-Japanese artist, Makoto Fujimura, and American-Iranian artist, Yari Ostovany. The Polish non-figurative artist Tadeusz G. Wiktor is also considered. Their oeuvre can be set within the larger context of great reli­gious and spiritual traditions. I stress the influence of Oriental legacy in con­temporary examples of abstract art. I investigate how the selected artworks refer to an invisible reality, and I focus especially on the silence they evoke. My aim is to show how contemporary non-figurative art can influence the viewer by creating a contemplative experience. I also place the selected artworks in the theoretical contexts presented by the artists themselves and refer to classi­cal and contemporary texts.
Change Management Practices and Performance of National Government Constituencies Development Funded Projects in Bomet County, Kenya
Authors: Parsumpat Lemarimpe N , Bett Shadrack
Published: February 2021

The purpose of change management is to implement strategies for effecting change, controlling change and helping people to adapt to change. Change management is a systematic approach to dealing with the transition or transformation of an organization's goals, processes or technologies. The National government Constituency development fund to counties has made a great impact, with numerous projects coming up throughout the country. The initiation of the development projects at grassroots level have led to significant rise in wellbeing of citizens in the constituency and county at large. The general objective of this study was to assess change management practices and how it relates to performance of national government CDF funded projects in Bomet County in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were; to determine the influence of leadership on performance of the national development funded projects in Bomet County, to establish how stakeholder’s involvement influences the performance of the national development funded projects in Bomet County, to assess the influence of resources allocation on performance of the national development funded projects in County and to find out the extent to which monitoring and evaluation influences the performance of the national development funded projects in Bomet County. The study was anchored on Kotter’s 8 step model and the theory of planned change. The study adopted a Census research design targeting all CDFC members and officials managing CDF projects in each of the five wards in Bomet County. The study utilized primary data. Primary data was collected using semi structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in the study. Analyzed data was presented in percentages, frequencies, mean and standard deviation. From the findings, the researcher can conclude that, change management practices through leadership, stakeholders’ involvement, resources, and monitoring and evaluation has a significant and positive composite effect on performance of NG-CDF in County. Leadership aspects that contribute to this performance includes leaders’ role model and championship capacity towards change management, ability to develop strategy, create mission, motivate people to achieve objectives, employees’ empowerment, and organizational culture change. The researcher therefore recommends that, NG-CDF leadership should observe change management practices by ensuring there is frequent stakeholders’ engagement, role model and championship capacity towards change management, ability to develop strategy, create mission, motivate people to achieve objectives, employees’ empowerment, and sound organizational culture change.

https://www.ijcab.org/ ,editor@ijcab.org https://journals.ijcab.org/journals/index.php
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF ARTHROSCOPIC ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION USING QUADRUPLED HAMSTRING GRAFT FIXED WITH BIO ABSORBABLE INTERFERENCE SCREW AGAINST TITANIUM INTERFERENCE SCREW
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Rashmi Kumari , Anshuman Kumar , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Anterior cruciate ligament injury is one of the most common injuries around knee and poses quiet a lot management controversies. Anterior cruciate ligament has a pivot role in function and stability of the knee joint along with all other ligaments, being a prime stabilizer preventing the anterior translation of tibia over femur. Acute anterior cruciate ligament injury causes recurrent episodes of instability, pain and decreased motion. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction allows return to pre injury levels even in athletes, delays development of early osteoarthritis and reestablish the stability of the joint. Graft fixation during ACL reconstruction can be achieved with use of either metal screws or bio absorbable screws. Bio absorbable screws usage provide better visibility in postoperative MRI and also avoid removal at later stage. However there are controversies regarding the ideal graft, ideal fixation device, ideal time and technique of reconstruction. In this study we have compared the metal and bio absorbable screw for fixing the graft and reported the result.
DETERMINATION OF EFFECT OF YOGA (PRANAYAMA) IN TERMS OF SEVERAL LUNG PARAMETERS AND CAT SCORE ON MILD TO MODERATE COPD PATIENTS FOR SHORT DURATION OF TIME (3 MONTHS)
Authors: Mitra Sovan , Sen Sangita , Kundu Somenath
Published: February 2021

Medicines become the lifeline for the treatment of COPD which is becoming one amongst the alarming factors of death throughout the globe. Patients plagued by COPD experience deterioration in their pulmonary function test. On the contrary, the beneficial effects of pranayama on respiration are reported since the traditional time in India. Aim of the current study was to explore the potentiality of short term pyanayama to enhance the pulmonary function parameters both subjective and objective of mild to moderate COPD patients. 100 mild to moderate COPD patients were selected by the exclusion and inclusion criteria. Before starting pranayama each patient was observed for various lung parameters like FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, FEF, MVV and CAT score and (visit 1). Each patient was further studied for the identical parameters one month (visit 2) and three months (visit 3) after starting pranayama. Visit 1 was taken as control group and was compared with visit 2 and visit 3. Result showed significant positive co-relation between pranayama and lung function parameters with CAT score. Lung parameter values prior and after starting pranayama showed significant differences (P< 0.01). So, the study revealed the fact that additive effect of pranayama along with medicines is way stronger than that of single effect of medicines. It can be incorporated into daily life as life style modification as well as adjuvant therapy for medical condition like COPD.
ANALYSIS OF PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR I APR IN ADVANCED STAGE MUCINOUS ADENOCARCINOMA OF RECTUM WITH KRUKENBERG OVARIAN METASTASIS IN OUR INSTITUTE
Authors: Tiwari Priyanka , Dahiya Himani , Godera S.C. , Sharma Shyam Bihari
Published: February 2021

Mucinous rectal carcinoma is morphologic subtype of Colorectal carcinoma. Both colloid
( mucin lakes ) and intracellular mucin ( signet ring cells ) are relatively rare. Various studies have been done to know whether palliative or radical treatment beneficial in treatment of advanced stage colorectal carcinoma. In our institute, we studied the prognostic factors in a case of 26 yr female in which abdominoperineal resection with endcolostomy with B/L salpingoohrectomy was done for stage 4 rectal carcinoma with synchronous secondaries in B/L ovaries.
TONEBURST-EVOKED ABR: NORMS AND GENDER DIFFERENCES
Authors: Munjal Sanjay K , Kumar Rawish , Sharma Anuradha , Panda Naresh K
Published: February 2021

Background: The ABR procedure has become a powerful non-invasive technique to assess the integrity of the auditory processing system particularly in infants and difficult-to-test subjects. The inability of click stimulus in frequency selectivity the tone burst makes it possible to obtain relatively narrow frequency range responses, particularly at lower frequencies. However, the click-evoked ABR does not provide frequency-specific information of the auditory system. The lack of normative data and the potential usefulness of the toneburst-evoked ABR, the present study aimed to establish gender-specific norms for the same at the octave frequencies.
Methods: Twenty normal hearing subjects within the age range 18 to 25 years were examined followed by tympanometry, puretone audiometry and toneburst ABR for 500Hz, 1000Hz, 2000Hz and 8000Hz in each ear.
Results: Wave-V was identified till 20 dBnHL for all tested frequencies with a decrease in mean absolute latency of waves with increase in frequency. Mean absolute latency of each wave was shorter in female than male for the tested frequencies. The difference in mean of puretone and TB-ABR thresholds ranged between 8-11.25 dBnHL for different frequencies.
Conclusion: TB-ABR can be reliably used as an excellent tool to achieve frequency-specific information for difficult-to-test population.
SEVERITY ASSESSMENT OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS USING SEVERITY INDICES, REVISED ATLANTA CLASSIFICATION AND CORRELATING WITH CLINICAL OUTCOMES
Authors: Naik Krishna , Choudhary Ashish , Baser S. C.
Published: February 2021

To determine the prognostic efficacy of CT severity index, Modified CT severity index and Revised Atlanta Classification in acute pancreatitis.
Materials and method:
This prospective study was carried out from February 2019 to June 2020 on 42 patients who were referred to the Dept. of Radiodiagnosis, GMCH with acute pancreatitis and underwent the contrast enhanced CT after 72 hours of onset of symptoms. The severity of pancreatitis was assessed and scored using CTSI, MCTSI and RAC. Clinical outcome parameters included duration of hospital stay and ICU, presence of persistent organ failure (OF), evidence of infection, need for intervention, and mortality.
Results:
Out of 42 cases, 33 were males, age group 20-85 years (mean 47.69 ± 16.32). As per CTSI 61.9% had mild, 35.7% moderate and 2.4% severe pancreatitis. Based on MCTSI grading, 21.4% had mild, 59.6% moderate and 19% severe pancreatitis. Based on RAC grading, 31% had mild, 52.4% moderate and 16.6% severe pancreatitis. Area under the curve were generated using ROC analysis. Duration of stay of the patients, presence of organ failure and the evidence of infection was significantly associated with CTSI, MCTSI and RAC (P < 0.001). Need for intervention was significantly associated with only MCTSI.
Conclusion:
ROC analysis of the three scoring systems for the prediction of various patient outcomes in our study revealed that the AUCs overlap, showing all the three scoring systems performed well. Duration of stay of the patients, presence of organ failure and the evidence of infection was significantly associated with CTSI, MCTSI and RAC (P < 0.001). Need for intervention was significantly associated with only MCTSI.
MATERNAL NEAR MISS ANALYSIS AT TERTIARY CARE REFERRAL HOSPITAL
Authors: G Chavan L , B Bangal V , R Mange K
Published: February 2021

Introduction-The World Health Organization defines a maternal near-miss case as "a woman who nearly died but survived a complication that occurred during pregnancy, childbirth or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy. Material and Methods- Prospective cross-sectional observational study was carried out over a period of two years. Systematic analysis of all maternal near miss cases was done in relation to causes, contributory factors, and associated socio demographic factors. Results-There were 22,318 deliveries including 87 maternal near miss cases during study period. Severe anemia (28.74%), severe hypertension (22.99%), ante-partum hemorrhage, post partum hemorrhage (18.39%), post-operative sepsis (9.2%), renal failure and hepatic dysfunction were major causes associated with maternal near miss situation. Conclusion- Severe anaemia, obstetric haemorrhage, severe hypertension and its complications, respiratory infection, sepsis, Liver and kidney diseases are mainly responsible for maternal near miss situation.
FETO-MATERNAL OUTCOME OF INTRAVENOUS LABETALOLAND ORAL NIFEDIPINE IN SEVERE PRE-ECLAMPSIA- A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Maitra Arghya , Kundu Priyadarshi , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by the onset of high blood pressure and often a significant amount of protein in the urine. When it arises, the condition begins after 20 weeks of pregnancy.
Aims and objectives: 1. to determine the efficacy and safety of oral nifedipine for treatment of severe hypertension of pregnancy compared with intravenous labetalol.
2. To compare the time taken to reach the therapeutic goal blood pressure after using intravenous labetalol & oral nifedipine in severe pregnancy induced hypertension.
3. The time taken to achieve a blood pressure of less than 150/100 mmHg.
4. To compare the maternal and perinatal outcome among the subjects using nifedepine over labetalo.
Material and method: PROSPECTIVE RANDOMISED INTERVENTIONAL COMPARITIVE TRAIL. One and half year.
Conclusion: Our present study compares the efficacy of oral Nifedipine and IV Labetalol in reaching the therapeutic goal. From the results of our study we can conclude that nifedipine required less time for reaching target BP as compare to labetalol. Less no of dose of nifedipine was used for the rapid control of blood pressure in severe hypertension in pregnancy. So, Nifedipine may be preferable as it is a simple, less time and is an oral regimen.
A PROSPECTIVE AND COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ESTIMATION OF FOETAL BIRTH WEIGHT CLINICALLY AND SONOGRAPHICALLY AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ITS ACTUAL BIRTH WEIGHT
Authors: Paswan Chhote Lal , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Background: Knowledge of fetal weight in utero is vital for the obstetrician in deciding whether to deliver the fetusas well as in fixing the mode of delivery. Both low birth weight and excessive fetal weight at delivery are associated with increased risk of newborn complications during labor and the puerperium. During the last decade, estimated fetal weight has been incorporated into the standard routine antepartum evaluation of high-risk pregnancies and deliveries. Objective of present study was to assess the fetal weight in term pregnancies by Clinical and Sonographic and to compare the methods after knowing the actual weight of the baby after birth. Methods: It is a prospective and comparative study of 100 women at term pregnancy at Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of Madhubani Medical College and Hospital, Madhubani, Bihar from 20th March 2020 to 31st October 2020. Patients within 7 days from their Expected Date of Delivery were included in the study. The formulas used in this study are: Johnson's formula, Dare’s formula and Hadlock's formula using ultrasound. Results: Results vary in terms of accuracy with various methods employed for estimating the fetal weight. This studyshowed that Dare’s Formula was the best indicator among all other methods assessed followed by Hadlock's formula by ultrasonographic method. Conclusions: SFH measurement continues to be used in many countries on large scale because of its low cost, ease ofuse and need for little training as the setup for ultrasonographic evaluation is not readily available in rural setups.
A RARE CASE OF CHRONIC ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
Authors: Dave Shridhar , Bhardava Vishalkumar , Shah Bhavya
Published: February 2021

Chronic ectopic pregnancy is a life threatening condition which is challenging to diagnose, occurs when trophoblastic tissue invades implanted structure causing a protracted destruction at site of attachment, leads to repeated minor bleeding. And with time a haematocele is formed, leading to inflammatory reaction and chronic pelvic adhesions which resemble complex pelvic mass1. Here 25 year old female presented with amenorrhea for 5 weeks with pain in abdomen and was diagnosed to have chronic ectopic pregnancy on MRI.
ROLE OF MULTIDETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN EVALUATION OF PARANASAL SINUS PATHOLOGY
Authors: Majhi Anirban , Bishakha Bishakha , Chumber Shishir , Vani Kavita
Published: February 2021

Background: Paranasal sinus diseases are commonly encountered in clinical practice. These include a wide spectrum of pathologies ranging from inflammatory to neoplastic. Clinical examination followed by imaging is the mainstay in making a correct diagnosis.
Methods: 100 consecutive patients underwent CT scan in the department of Radiology using Siemens Somatom Definition Flash 128 slice MDCT scanner as per standard protocol. Images were acquired in the axial plane with reformation in coronal and sagittal planes.
Results: Most of the patients were in the age group of 30-39 years. The most common pathology was found to be inflammatory sinonasal disease. The most common CT inflammatory pattern was the osteomeatal pattern. The most common benign tumour was found to be juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma and the most common malignant tumour was squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary sinus.
Conclusions: MDCT proved to be highly sensitive in classifying the lesions into clinically relevant categories, establishing the diagnosis, for delineating the extent and for prognostication. MDCT is the modality of choice for imaging because of its ease, availability, speed and ability to reveal anatomy of structures, commonly found variations, extent of disease process as well as subtle bone changes that are important in diagnosing lesions and most importantly guiding the surgeons to plan the operation.
PARANASAL SINUS MUCOCELE AND ITS COMPLICATIONS: RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Eswaran Sudhagar , S Namrataa , S Prasanna Kumar
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Mucocele is a true cystic expansile mass filled with mucus resulting from obstruction of the sinus ostia. Prompt diagnosis and management are needed to avoid complications due to the intracranial or intra-orbital extension.
OBJECTIVES: To audit data of mucocele of the paranasal sinuses in a tertiary center, to review the literature regarding the clinical features and the management of mucocele in the paranasal sinus and to emphasize the iatrogenic causes of mucocele after the development of Endoscopic Skull Base Surgeries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of etiology, clinical presentation, sinuses involved, operative technique, complication, recurrence were interpreted.
RESULTS: The mean age of 16 patients managed is 49. Location:37% frontal,19% ethmoidal,19% frontoethmoidal,19% sphenoidal,6% maxillary. The iatrogenic cause was 44%. Symptoms included proptosis, external swelling, nasal block, and discharge, and vision loss. Complications were orbital abscess and skull base defect. 14 patients underwent endoscopic procedures-excision or marsupialization. One patient underwent craniotomy; one patient combined approach was performed. One patient had a recurrence.
CONCLUSION: Mucocele of the paranasal sinuses is still a rare clinical scenario and it is imperative to note that any delay in diagnosis and management can lead to expansion and erosion of the bony wall of the sinuses and causing complications.
STUDY IN PAEDIATRIC AGE GROUP UNDERGOING EMERGENCY LAPAROTOMY : OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Gupta Akash KR. , Das Manoj KR , Kerketta Marshal D
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION: Acute abdomen can be defined as “syndrome included by wide variety of pathological conditions that require emergent medical or more often surgical management.” Acute abdomen is caused due to gastrointestinal diseases such as intestinal obstruction and perforation peritonitis.
AIM: The aim of our study was to observe the common cause in paediatric age group undergoing emergency laprotomy in our institutions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:This prospective study included 77children aged below or equal to 15years, underwent emergency laprotomy for acute intestinal conditions between January 2019 to December 2019 in RIMS,RANCHI. We excluded neonates ,patients of jejunoileal colonic atresia and stenosis, anorectal malformation(ARM), congenital pouch colon, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC), hirschprung’s disease, gastrointestinal tumor.
RESULTS: Total of 77 laprotomies were performed in emergency in children below or equal to 15 years age,59(76.62% ) were boys and 18(23.37% )were girls with male:female ratio of 3.2:1. 36(46.75%) cases were done for acute intestinal obstruction and 41(53.24%) cases were done for perforation peritonitis.20(25.97%)emergency laprotomy was performed in the age group 1-5 years and 57(74.02% ) were performed in the age group 5-15 years. Causes in order of frequency for intestinal obstruction were intussusceptions, post operative band/adhesion, abdominal tb obstruction, meckel’s diverticulum and worm obstruction. Causes in order of frequency for perforation peritonitis were typhoid, abdominal tb, appendicular perforation and abdominal trauma.
CONCLUSION: In our study maximum emergency laprotomy was performed in male patients with male:female ratio of 3.2:1. Perforation peritonitis was more common than acute intestinal obstruction. 5-15 year age group were more commonly affected. Typhoid ileal perforation was the most common cause for emergency laprotomy followed by intussusception.
LITTORAL CELL ANGIOMA OF SPLEEN - A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Sonagara Nikhilkumar M. , Dhingani Nidhi , Rabari Kamlesh
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION
Littoral- cell angioma (LCA) is a rare benign vascular tumour of the spleen. There have been less then 250 cases reported in the literature. Recent reports have described it to be a Benign lesion with congenital and immunologic associations. We report a case of LCA of the spleen.

PRESENTATION OF CASE
A 09 -year-old male patient was admitted to hospital with a one month duration of intermittent upper abdominal pain and nausea. Imaging studies, including Ultrasonography and Colourdoppler Imaging of portal venous systems. Radiology show moderate gross enlargement-16cm & normal in echotexture with no focal lesion. Splenic vein-10mm in caliber with partial thrombus formation. An open splenectomy was performed and his post-operative recovery was uneventful.

DISCUSSION
Littoral cell angioma of the spleen is a benign vascular tumour that has been infrequently reported in the English literature. While it does have malignant potential, the vast majority are benign. Diagnosis depends on the expression of endothelial markers like CD31 and histiocytic markers like CD68.Malignant potential enhanced by the presence of splenomegaly as well.

CONCLUSION
This rare condition is made by the presence of rare vascular tumour in the spleens as well.