bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional associations between physical activity pattern, sports participation, screen time and mental health in Swedish adolescents
Authors: Kjellenberg Karin , Ekblom Orjan , Ahlen Johan , Helgadóttir Björg , Nyberg Gisela
Published: August 2022

Objectives

To investigate the associations between physical activity pattern, sports participation, screen time and mental health in Swedish adolescents.

Design, setting and participants

A total of 1139 Swedish adolescents (mean age 13.4) from 34 schools participated in the cross-sectional study ‘Physical Activity for Healthy Brain Functions in School Youth’ in 2019.

Methods

Time spent sedentary and in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was measured using accelerometers for seven consecutive days. Screen time and sports participation were self-reported. Anxiety and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed using a Short version of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale and Kidscreen-10.

Results

MVPA was positively associated (95% CI 0.01 to 0.05 in girls and 0.02 to 0.07 in boys) whereas screen time on weekdays was inversely associated with HRQoL (−4.79 to –2.22 in girls and −2.66 to –0.41 in boys). The largest effect sizes were observed between the high/low MVPA group in boys (Cohen’s d=0.51) and screen time groups in girls (Cohen’s d=0.59 on weekdays). With regards to anxiety, high compared with lower time spent in MVPA during leisure time on weekdays was associated with lower anxiety scores (95% CI −0.13 to –0.05 in girls and −0.07 to –0.01 in boys). Gender differences were observed, boys who participated in organised sports had low anxiety scores (95% CI −3.49 to –0.13) whereas girls who reported 5 hours or more of screen time had high scores (95% CI 1.94 to 6.18 on weekdays and 1.39 to 5.29 on weekend days).

Conclusions

This study showed that MVPA was associated with better mental health, whereas the opposite was seen for screen time. These associations were not consistently significant throughout all time domains, between the genders and mental health outcomes. Our results could create a paradigm for future studies to decide which types of PA patterns and time domains to target in intervention studies with the aim improve mental health among adolescents.
Effectiveness and safety of available preventive tuberculosis treatment regimens for children and adolescents: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Sabella-Jiménez Vanessa , Hoyos Mendez Yenifer , Benjumea-Bedoya Dione , Estupiñán-Bohorquez Andrés Felipe , Acosta-Reyes Jorge , Florez Ivan D
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Approximately 5%–10% of individuals with untreated latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) will progress to active tuberculosis (TB). Children are at a higher risk for progression to TB disease than adults. Isoniazid prophylaxis treatment period is long and can cause liver damage. Alternatives to isoniazid, such as rifamycin containing regimens, should be considered for prophylaxis. Previous systematic reviews, with different study designs and data combining results on children and adults, have evaluated the comparative efficacy and harms of LTBI treatment regimens. We aim to determine the effectiveness and safety of all the different regimens available for the treatment of LTBI for children and adolescents less than 18 years of age, contacts of drug-susceptible TB, without HIV infection.

Methods and analysis

MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be systematically searched for randomised controlled trials without any language or publication date restriction. Screening and extraction will be performed in duplicate. Risk of bias will be performed in duplicate with Cochrane Risk of Bias tool V.2. Pairwise meta-analysis of direct comparisons and network meta-analyses (NMAs) will be performed. Heterogeneity will be assessed using I2 and Cochrane thresholds. Direct and indirect estimates in an NMA will be combined if justifiable. Subgroups analyses will be performed in different mean age and study year groups. Sensitivity analysis based on the risk of bias will be conducted. Publication bias will be investigated using funnel plots and Egger’s regression test. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria will assess certainty of the evidence for the direct comparisons. GRADE approach for NMA will assess the quality of the evidence from the indirect and NMA.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not required as no primary data are collected. This systematic review will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021271512.
Counselling for connection: making queer relationships during Britain’s sexual revolution
Authors: Chettiar Teri
Published: August 2022

This article examines the creation and mobilisation of counselling services by British LGBTQ+ activist organisations during the 1960s and 1970s, focusing especially on Britain’s first ‘homophile’ organisation, the Albany Trust, and Friend, the counselling and peer support wing of the Campaign for Homosexual Equality (1975). Beginning in the early 1960s, activists supporting homosexual law reform launched counselling services aimed at sexual minorities as a long-term solution to the harmful and enduring legacy of social exclusion and internalised homophobia and transphobia in Britain (and beyond). In an effort to make visible and help remedy the many social and emotional problems that homosexual, bisexual and trans populations faced, activists supporting sexual law reform drew on expansive postwar British understandings of emotional health in forging new queer subjectivities in Britain in the 1960s and 1970s. This article reveals how popular British post-World War II conceptions of emotional health—which had explicitly promoted the monogamous heterosexual relationship as the basis for healthy emotional life and pathologised homosexuality—were appropriated in the 1960s as a basis for conceiving of positive depathologised queer sexualities. In the 1970s, however, gay liberation activist organisations pursued counselling as a basis for cultivating a broader range of intimate relationships in connection to psychological healing, including queer friendships and queer social and political community. This article thus demonstrates how concerns about socially induced emotional damage in LGBTQ+ people shaped not only political demands both prior to and following homosexual decriminalisation in the late 1960s, but also personal expectations of what it meant to be a ‘proud’ self-realised queer person during Britain’s sexual ‘revolution’.
Performance investigation of micropile groups in stabilizing unstable talus slopes via centrifuge model tests
Authors: Pei Zhen-wei , Zhang Yan-jun , Nian Ting-kai , Song Xiao-long , Zhao Wei
Published: August 2022

Micropile groups (MPGs) are an effective means of geological disaster prevention for small- and medium-sized landslides, with the advantages of light structures and convenient construction. However, the mechanical and deformation characteristics of MPGs are complex, and their practical application is ahead of theoretical research, which greatly limits the popularization and application of MPGs. This paper conducts a series of centrifuge model tests to investigate the mechanical and deformation characteristics and the antislip mechanism of MPGs, then compare them with those of conventional piles (CPs). In particular, MPGs with and without the platform in the strengthening process of the talus slope are compared, and monitoring the reinforcement effect of MPGs subjected to gravity loading. The results suggest that the soil pressure shows a triangular distribution pattern and is influenced by the position of the potential slip zone and the geometry of the bedrock surface. The compatibility deformation of the pile–soil leads to the stress release of the soil behind the pile, which is an important part affecting the antislip mechanism of the MPG. The platform limits 75% of the pile top displacement of the MPG and simultaneously redistributes the stress of the piles, providing a better overall antislip effect of the pile–soil composite.
Wormhole inducing inflation with Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet dilaton interaction
Authors: Biswas Gargi , Dutta M. K. , Modak B.
Published: August 2022

A few Euclidean wormhole configurations are presented using both the analytic and numerical solutions of the field equations in four-dimensional Robertson–Walker Euclidean background with Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet dilaton interaction. In one analytic solution we present transition from a wormhole to an exponential expansion with Lorentzian time [Formula: see text] using [Formula: see text] after passing through an era of oscillating Euclidean wormhole. The numerical solutions of the scale factor [Formula: see text] show multiple local maxima and minima about a global minimum for inverse power law potentials, while for exponential potential the wormholes have a single minimum. An inflationary cosmic scenario away from the throat of the wormhole can be obtained from the Hubble parameter and deceleration parameter obtained by curve fit of [Formula: see text] of the numerical solution invoking analytic continuation by [Formula: see text]. The potential is also observed to decay sharply.
Neutron skin of 48Ca deduced from interaction cross-section
Authors: Matsuzaki Masayuki , Yahiro Masanobu
Published: August 2022

The neutron skin thickness of 48Ca was deduced from the interaction cross-section by adopting a microscopic optical potential. The optical potential used was constructed by folding a chiral [Formula: see text] matrix and the Skyrme mean-field densities renormalized by considering the information of the interaction cross-section. The result was [Formula: see text] fm.
About this title - The History of the Study of Landforms or the Development of Geomorphology: Volume 5: Geomorphology in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Burt T. P. , Goudie A. S. , Viles H. A.
Published: August 2022

This volume is the fifth in the definitive series,
The History of the Study of Landforms or the Development of Geomorphology
. Volume 1 (1964) dealt with contributions to the field up to 1890, Volume 2 (1973) with the concepts and contributions of William Morris Davis and Volume 3 (1991) covered historical and regional themes during the ‘classic’ period of geomorphology (1890–1950). Volume 4 (2008) concentrated on studies of geomorphological processes and Quaternary geomorphology between 1890 and 1965; by the end of this period, process-based studies had become dominant. Volume 5 builds on this platform, covering in detail the revolutionary changes in approach that characterized the study of geomorphology in the second half of the twentieth century. It is divided into three sections: the first deals with changes in approach and method; the second with changes in ideas and the broader scientific context within which geomorphology is studied; and the final section details advances in research on processes and landforms. The volume's objective is to describe and analyse many of the developments that provide a foundation for the rich and varied subject matter of twenty-first century geomorphology.
Interrelation between Palaeolithic and faunal remains in the central Narmada Valley, India
Authors: Jangra Bharti , Singh Vivek
Published: August 2022

Whether scavenging or hunting, the consumption of large mammals is very prominent in the history of humankind. During the Lower Palaeolithic period, the abundance of large cutting tools found indicates increased meat consumption. Evidence has demonstrated this at various African and European sites where direct links between lithic and faunal assemblages have been made, for instance cut-marked bones and use-wear studies. On the Indian Subcontinent, there is a lack of direct evidence on animal remains in archaeological contexts (with one exception); however, there are numerous sites where animal fossils and lithic artefacts occur in shared contextual associations. The present paper is concerned with the relationships between the lithic and faunal assemblages in archaeological contexts, particularly the occurrence of bifaces and large mammalian fossils in Lower Palaeolithic assemblages with specific reference to the central Indian zone. Without the confirmation of anthropogenic signatures on Pleistocene faunal remains, it is not easy to assess whether a particular assemblage has the contemporaneous deposition of the two datasets or not. Here, we present a review of archaeological and faunal records in the central Narmada Valley and explore the possible associative evidence of human–animal interactions.
Nickel-Iron-Zinc Phosphide with Three-Dimensional Petal-Like Nanostructure as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Electrolytes
Authors: Parkash Anand , Solangi Nizamuddin , Seehar Tahir Hussain , Ali Salamat , Larik Rimsha , Bajaber Majed A. , Shahid Hira , Jatoi Abdul Sattar
Published: August 2022

A 3D petal-like Transition metal phosphide (TMP) doped with Zn2+ on nickel foam was developed by a low-temperature phosphating approach for effective oxygen evolution reaction (OER), premised on the idea of developing TMP for high-efficiency water splitting. The loading of Zn2+ on the P surface raises the electron density, which is favorable for capturing protons in the water during the reaction, accelerating the electron transport rate, and accelerating the OER process. At the same time, we evaluated the optimal Zn2+ content ratio. When the Zn2+ to Fe3+ molar ratio is 0.5, the NiFeZnP-0.5/NF exhibits the best OER performance. The catalyst displays an overpotential of ∼136 mV at 10 mA cm−2, ∼201 mV at 100 mA cm−2, Tafel slope of 35 mV dec−1 in 1 M KOH solution, and remains stable over 6 h. The Cdl of the NiFeZnP-0.5/NF electrode is 4.3 mF cm−2, which increased by 5 times than the NiFeZn-LDHs/NF. Electrocatalysts’ high performance is due to their superior electrical conductivity and synergy with the substrate. Our research provides a realistic solution in the field of electrocatalysis.
Longitudinal assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass of young healthy adults during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hedge Eric T. , Hughson Richard L.
Published: August 2022

Some young healthy adults experienced cardiovascular deconditioning during the COVID-19 pandemic, with measurable reductions in cardiorespiratory fitness, whereas others experienced no change in fitness but gained body mass, which was related to self-reported physical activity during the pandemic.
Ransomware: An Interdisciplinary Technical and Legal Approach
Authors: Robles-Carrillo M. , García-Teodoro P.
Published: August 2022

Ransomware constitutes a prevalent global cybersecurity threat since several years ago, but it is almost pandemic at present. To a larger extent, the growth of this criminal practice is due to its high economic efficiency and high degree of impunity. Efficiency in general is mainly a consequence of its high and sophisticated technical development more varieties, more devices to use it on and more functional complexity, while impunity is mostly the result of shortcomings and gaps in legal regulation. However, both of the aspects are closely related, as combating ransomware requires adopting and integrating technical solutions and legal sanctions with an interdisciplinary approach. Regretfully, the analyze of the ransomware’s background, theoretical framework and practice shows a vast majority of technical proposals and a lack of either interdisciplinary or legal studies. The technical as well as the legal dimensions of ransomware need to be addressed to properly understand the scope and nature of the problem and its potential solutions. Following this approach, some basic guidelines about defense, mitigation and sanction methods are proposed in order to reach a feasible response to the challenge of defeating ransomware. These include the definition of ransomware as an autonomous offence. After setting out the main results of the doctrine, the conclusion section specifies the solutions drawn from such an interdisciplinary technical-legal approach.
Innovation of Shear Connectors in Slim Floor Beam Construction
Authors: Majdub Mohamed S. , Baharom Shahrizan , Al Zand Ahmed W. , Mutalib Azrul A. , Hosseinpour Emad
Published: August 2022

Composite slim floor systems are increasingly applied in the construction industry. Therefore, several experimental and numerical studies have been conducted to investigate the composite flooring systems and examine the various details that may affect the production of composite floors. This review paper summarises some important developments of composite slim floor beams, such as the type of steel beam cross section and shear connectors used, presenting essential results and important notes from various studies. The fundamental structural elements and the contribution of conducted studies towards improving the shear capacity of composite beams in enhancing the general structural behaviour were also described. Finally, the paper concludes with the potential of a deeper investigation of some issues that accompany the application of certain types of shear connects or steel shapes used to improve the composite slim floor system so that the improvement construction industry may make the most out of using composite construction techniques.
Optimization of Foreign Trade Service Logistics Warehousing System Based on Immune Genetic Algorithm and Wireless Network Technology
Authors: Li Na , Li Meng
Published: August 2022

In today’s rapid economic development, whether the factors of production can be reasonably allocated directly affects the utilization rate of resources. By further affecting the economic benefits, the importance of the logistics system in economic development can be clearly seen. However, with the deepening of economic development and the advantages of efficient and fast logistics, the proportion of production costs is increasing. The optimization of logistics scheduling problems is also on the agenda, but traditional scheduling optimization methods are not suitable for large scale complex problems, and interdisciplinary research provides new ideas for solving such problems. And by imitating the biological immune mechanism, the immune optimization algorithm has shown excellent performance in the research and application of each neighborhood. On this basis, this paper proposes an immune genetic algorithm to optimize the logistics scheduling problem, but the basic immune genetic algorithm has the problems of low local search ability and too fast algorithm speed. Based on the idea of clonal selection in biological immune system, a clonal immune genetic algorithm is proposed in this paper. Through simulation experiments on instances of different scales, the improved immune crown algorithm proposed in this paper can obtain the optimal solution of the problem within the same number of iterations, with an average solution probability of 30%. The quality and convergence speed are also significantly improved compared to the first two.
Pretreatment with Low-Dose Esketamine for Reduction of Propofol Injection Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fu Danyun , Wang Dingding , Li Wenxian , Han Yuan , Jia Jie
Published: August 2022

Background. Propofol-induced injection pain is a common adverse effect during the induction of general anesthesia. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of low-dose esketamine in preventing propofol injection pain. Methods. In this double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, patients scheduled for elective ear surgery under general anesthesia received either normal saline (NS), or 40 mg lidocaine, or 0.15 mg/kg esketamine 30 seconds before manual injection of propofol. The primary outcome of this study was the incidence of propofol injection pain. The secondary outcomes included injection pain score, vital signs, total dosage of vasoactive drugs used within 5 minutes after induction, and adverse events related to drugs. Results. A total of 105 patients were included. Compared with the NS group (67%), pretreatment with esketamine and lidocaine significantly reduced the incidence of injection pain to 29% and 33%, respectively (both

P
<
0.05

); however, no significant difference was found between the esketamine and lidocaine groups. The median of injection pain score was significantly lower in the esketamine and lidocaine groups (both median (interquartile range) = 0 (0–1)) than that in the NS group (1 (0–2);

P
<
0.05

). In addition, compared with the NS and lidocaine groups, preinjection esketamine provided more stable hemodynamic parameters within 5 minutes after induction (

P
<
0.05

). No statistical difference was found in adverse events among the three groups. Conclusions. Pretreatment with a low-dose esketamine can not only reduce the incidence of propofol injection pain but also provide a more stable circulation in patients after anesthesia induction. This convenient, well-tolerated, and economic treatment appears as an option to be routinely applied in clinic practice. Clinical Trial Registration. This trial is registered with https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=136690 (the number for the trial registration isChiCTR2100052742).
Application of Voice Database in Enterprise Human Resources Optimization Based on Improved Algorithm
Authors: Dong Minmin
Published: August 2022

With the continuous development of IP network technology, VoIP technology has become more mature. However, due to the characteristics of the packet network itself, the voice quality of VoIP service is caused by delay and packet loss. This paper analyzes the application of the speech quality system in the optimization of human resources in enterprises. With the emergence and development of database systems, data sharing has been significantly improved, data integrity has been guaranteed, data security has been improved, and the development difficulty of embedded applications has been greatly reduced. Through system simulation, it can be seen that with the increase of the packet loss rate, the voice quality is obviously degraded, and the decline rate becomes slower with the increase of jitter. After designing and implementing a company’s human resource allocation, achieving the most efficient allocation of resources requires continuous testing, evaluation, and improvement. Therefore, after completing the company’s human resource allocation, it is necessary to establish a set of testing and evaluation mechanisms.
Analysis Model Design on the Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of China’s International Trade Facing the Belt and Road
Authors: Cui Hao
Published: August 2022

Since the “Belt and Road” Initiative was put forward in 2013, it has attracted more and more attention. Many countries along the Belt and Road have participated in it, which has further deepened regional economic integration. Complex network analysis is an interdisciplinary method, which has a perfect overall perspective and data indicators that can quantify the relationship. More and more scholars have begun to pay attention to it and use it to carry out research. Based on the perspective of complex networks, this paper constructs the “Belt and Road” directed weighted network, respectively, according to the import and export trade data of countries and international organizations that have signed cooperation documents, and then studies the characteristics of the “Belt and Road” trade network by using a variety of network topology attribute analysis methods and node centric indicators.
Financial Operation Revenue Management Method from the Perspective of Big Data
Authors: Si Yamin , Xu Yufang
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of science and technology, information has become the theme of the 21st century. The development of network-based e-commerce has changed the global economic model, business management model, and people’s work, life, and consumption patterns, forming a global information economy. As the core part of enterprise management, financial management has been strongly impacted by the management environment, application of technical methods to function execution, and management concepts. Under the background of big data, how to manage financial affairs of enterprises has become a problem worth exploring. This paper mainly discusses the financial operation revenue management from the perspective of big data, briefly discusses the big data and financial operation revenue management, and analyzes the relevant strategies for the effective development of financial operation revenue management combined with case studies.
Expression and Prognostic Role of CXCL1 Gene in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xia Chao , He Lifeng , Sun Yi
Published: August 2022

In this manuscript, we have extensively examined expression and prognosis of CXCL1 gene in colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD) using different cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma and tissues. To verify this, protein and mRNA expressions of cxcl1 were identified through RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in 30 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma and adjacent tissues, which were surgically resected from January to July 2021 in our hospital, and relationship between CXCL1 mRNA and clinicopathological features and protein expression was analyzed. CXCL 1 mRNA in COAD carcinoma’s expression was considerably higher than in the adjacent normal intestine. At the same time, CXCL 1 diagnostic receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve had preferably higher value of the diagnostic for area under curve (AUC) = 0.912, 95%, COAD (

P
<
0.001

, CI = 0.825–0.969). We have observed that CXCL1 gene was closely linked with preoperative CEA level (

P
=
0.007

) and gross tumor typing (

P
=
0.039

). Finally, we have concluded that that CXCL1 can be a possible biomarker for stress prognosis and diagnosis.
Temporomandibular Joint Space Dimensions among Saudi Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders: MRI-Based Retrospective Study
Authors: Alqhtani Nasser Raqe , Alkhaldi Malak Sultan , Alanazi Alhanoof Falah , Alabdulsalam Abdullatif Saad , Alenazi Adel , Zaman Mahmud Uz , Alzahrani Adel , Alshadwi Ahmad , Rafedah Ali Al , AlOtaibi Mohammed
Published: August 2022

Introduction. The temporomandibular joint is a complex synovial joint in the body. It is the area in which the mandible articulates with the cranium. The temporomandibular joint space is located between the articular eminence and the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone at the base of the skull and the condylar process of the mandible. This interarticular space is divided into superior joint space (1.2 ml) and inferior joint space (0.9 ml) by the articular disc. The purpose of this study is to detect and evaluate the variations in the temporomandibular joint space among patients having temporomandibular joint disorders. Materials and Methods. In this retrospective study, 60 magnetic resonance imaging scans were evaluated at King Faisal Specialist Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between the years 2006 and 2016. Measurements were done in sagittal view in three areas: anterior, central, and posterior areas. However, coronal view readings were recorded in two different areas: medial and lateral joint spaces. All measurements were recorded at the highest point of the condyle that is perpendicular to the opposing bone. The SPSS program was used for statistical analysis. Results. The central joint space values were higher than the anterior and posterior joint spaces in both coronal and sagittal views. We also found that joint spaces among male patients were higher than female patients (right side

P
=
0.015

and left side

P
=
0.006

). It is worth mentioning that the number of temporomandibular joint disorder female patients was more than the number of male temporomandibular joint disorder patients (52 females versus 24 males). Additionally, patients who were older than 55 years old had wider joint spaces than patients who were younger than 25 years old. Conclusion. The central joint space value was the highest among the other joint spaces on both views of magnetic resonance imaging, and the values of joint spaces among males were larger than those of females on sagittal magnetic resonance imaging. Patients with elderly temporomandibular joint disorders showed larger joint spaces than young patients. This study spotlights the importance of magnetic resonance imaging evaluation in temporomandibular joint disorder patients for a better understanding of the clinical evolution of temporomandibular disorders.
Remote Sensing Image Classification: A Comprehensive Review and Applications
Authors: Mehmood Maryam , Shahzad Ahsan , Zafar Bushra , Shabbir Amsa , Ali Nouman
Published: August 2022

Remote sensing is mainly used to investigate sites of dams, bridges, and pipelines to locate construction materials and provide detailed geographic information. In remote sensing image analysis, the images captured through satellite and drones are used to observe surface of the Earth. The main aim of any image classification-based system is to assign semantic labels to captured images, and consequently, using these labels, images can be arranged in a semantic order. The semantic arrangement of images is used in various domains of digital image processing and computer vision such as remote sensing, image retrieval, object recognition, image annotation, scene analysis, content-based image analysis, and video analysis. The earlier approaches for remote sensing image analysis are based on low-level and mid-level feature extraction and representation. These techniques have shown good performance by using different feature combinations and machine learning approaches. These earlier approaches have used small-scale image dataset. The recent trends for remote sensing image analysis are shifted to the use of deep learning model. Various hybrid approaches of deep learning have shown much better results than the use of a single deep learning model. In this review article, a detailed overview of the past trends is presented, based on low-level and mid-level feature representation using traditional machine learning concepts. A summary of publicly available image benchmarks for remote sensing image analysis is also presented. A detailed summary is presented at the end of each section. An overview regarding the current trends of deep learning models is presented along with a detailed comparison of various hybrid approaches based on recent trends. The performance evaluation metrics are also discussed. This review article provides a detailed knowledge related to the existing trends in remote sensing image classification and possible future research directions.
A Wideband Circularly Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna Using Inverse f-Shaped Slot Excitation with Parasitic Metal Structure
Authors: Chen Zizu , Yu Guoliang , Wu Di , Zhu Mingmin , Qiu Yang , Zhou Hao-Miao
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a single-fed wideband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is proposed. The antenna consists of a substrate, a cylindrical dielectric resonator, and four curved parasitic metal blocks that are rotated and placed around the dielectric resonator. The GND of the substrate is etched with an inverse f-shaped slot. The orthogonal working mode of the DRA is excited by the inverse f-shaped slot coupled to the microstrip, thereby obtaining circularly polarized radiation. The impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna are improved by optimizing the structure of the inverse f-shaped slot and the shape and size of curved parasitic metal blocks, and finally, a circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna with significant bandwidth advantages is obtained. The antenna is simulated, fabricated, and measured. The measured results show that the proposed circularly polarized DRA has an impedance bandwidth of 58.5% (2.61–4.77 GHz) and an axial bandwidth of 55.2% (2.75–4.85 GHz) and finally achieves an effective axial bandwidth of 53.7% (2.75–4.77 GHz), the peak gain of 6.84 dBi, and average efficiency of 90.78%, with excellent overall performance.
Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis Identifies Crucial Genes Involved in Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease
Authors: Bao Jinli
Published: August 2022

Background. Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) is a lethal disease with an unstated pathogenic mechanism. Therefore, it is urgent to develop innovative strategies to ameliorate the outcome of CHD patients and explore novel biomarkers connected to the pathogenicity of CHD. Methods. The weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out on a coronary atherosclerosis dataset GSE90074 to determine the crucial modules and hub genes for their prospective relationship to CHD. After the different modules associated with CHD have been identified, the Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enriched pathway analyses were conducted. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was thereafter performed for the critical module using STRING and Cytoscape. Results. The yellow module was recognized as the most critical module associated with CHD. The enriched pathways in the yellow module included those related to inflammatory response, positive regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) cascade, lipid catabolic process, cellular response to oxidative stress, apoptotic pathway, and NF-kappa B pathway. Further CytoHubba analysis revealed the top five hub genes (MMP14, CD28, CaMK4, RGS1, and DDAH1) associated with CHD development. Conclusions. The current study provides the prognosis, novel hub genes, and signaling pathways for treating coronary atherosclerosis. However, their potential biological roles require deeper investigation.
Traffic Flow Prediction and Analysis in Smart Cities Based on the WND-LSTM Model
Authors: Ma SuYuan , Zhao MingYe
Published: August 2022

Aiming at the problem that the road traffic flow in intelligent city is unevenly distributed in time and space, difficult to predict, and prone to traffic congestion, combined with pattern recognition and big data mining technology, this paper proposes a research method to analyze and mine the daily travel patterns of urban vehicles. This paper proposes a WND-LSTM model, which mainly includes data preprocessing, data modelling, and model implementation, to analyze the similarity of travel patterns in seasonal changes. Combining the data mining results with the data mining results, the daily travel model of road traffic vehicles in intelligent city is established. The results of the case study showed that the WND-LSTM model outperformed ARIMA (88.48%), LR (65.79%), SVR (70.46%), KNN (68.21%), SAEs (66.95%), GRU (68.43%), and LSTM (70.41%) in MAPE, respectively, with an average accuracy improvement of 71.25% (MAPE of 0.651%).
Roots of Astragalus propinquus Schischkin Regulate Transmembrane Iron Transport and Ferroptosis to Improve Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Chen Juan , Ma Donglai , Bao Jun , Zhang Ying , Deng Guoxing
Published: August 2022

Background. The dried roots of the Astragalus propinquus Schischkin (RAP) plant, as a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used to treat stroke, cerebral ischemia, qi deficiency, and hypertension. Buyang Huanwu decoction is traditionally used to treat stroke in China for more than 200 years and has a significant effect on cerebral ischemia, and RAP is monarch medicine of Buyang Huanwu decoction. Therefore, this study was designed to observe the regulatory effect of RAP on transmembrane iron transporters and ferroptosis-related factors in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats. Methods. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was used to block blood flow in the blood supply area of the middle cerebral artery in seventy male SD rats to induce focal CIRI to establish a rat model of CIRI. RAP was administered to explore the regulatory effect of RAP on iron transmembrane transport under the condition of CIRI. The infarct size was measured using 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, the pathological structure of brain tissue was observed by HE staining, and neuronal injury was evaluated by Nissl staining after treatment. Then, changes in the iron transporters ferritin (Fn), ferritin heavy chain (FHC), ferritin light chain (FLC), transferrin (Tf), transferrin receptor (TfR), divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), L-type calcium channel (LTCC), transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6), and ferroportin 1 (FPN1) were observed by immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) and Western blotting. The expression of key factors of ferroptosis, including the membrane sodium-dependent cystine/glutamate antiporter System Xc− (System Xc−) light chain subunit (XCT) and heavy chain subunit (SLC3A2), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and iron-responsive element-binding protein 2 (IREB2) in the brain tissues of rats was assessed by Western blotting. RAP decreased the infarct size and neuronal injury after CIRI in rats. Similarly, RAP treatment regulated the expression of iron transporters. As such, RAP was able to reduce the expression of Fn, FHC, FLC, Tf, TfR, DMT1, and TRPC6 and increase the expression of FPN1 through a Tf/TfR-independent pathway after CIRI in rats. Conclusion. RAP stimulation inhibited ferroptosis by regulating the expression of the key ferroptosis factors XCT, SLC3A2, GPX4, NRF2, HO-1, and IREB2. In conclusion, RAP regulates transmembrane iron transport and ferroptosis to improve CIRI.
Energy-Saving Control Method of Building Central Air Conditioning Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wang Lihui
Published: August 2022

In order to solve the problem of huge energy consumption of building central air conditioning, the water system of building central air conditioning was taken as the research object and the genetic algorithm of energy-saving operation and control of building central air conditioning based on MATLAB was designed, so as to build the energy-saving control system model of central air conditioning. On the one hand, the feasibility of the optimized algorithm to solve the energy-saving problem of central air conditioning was proved through the optimization of genetic algorithm. On the other hand, the energy-saving effect was demonstrated through the operation parameters and the variation of air-conditioning energy consumption before and after the experiment. The feasibility and rationality of genetic algorithm to improve the energy-saving effect of central air conditioning was verified by the comparison of the experiment. The results showed that in the design load range of 30%–70%, the average energy-saving rate of central air-conditioning compressor was 16.8%. The maximum energy-saving efficiency was 37.4%, and the minimum energy-saving efficiency was 15.5%. The average energy-saving rate of water system was 26.8%. Therefore, the genetic algorithm had fast convergence speed and high solving accuracy, which was beneficial to improve the energy-saving ability of central air-conditioning water system.
Case Report of Fibro-Adipose Vascular Anomaly (FAVA) with Activating Somatic PIK3CA Mutation
Authors: Driskill Jordan H. , Hwang Helena , Callan Alexandra K. , Oliver Dwight
Published: August 2022

Fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA) is a recently described complex and painful benign lesion found in young adults and the pediatric population composed of intramuscular vascular, fibrous, and adipose tissues. A previous report has identified the presence of somatic mosaic mutations in the gene for the catalytic subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) in cases of FAVA. Herein, we present a case of FAVA found in a 23-year-old male patient who presented with chronic wrist pain associated with a mass, and we identified an associated somatic activating mutation (H1047R) in PIK3CA. We briefly review the relevant literature surrounding the identification and histology of FAVA, the known mutational spectrum, downstream signaling pathways, and relevant treatment modalities. Our case highlights the association between FAVA and somatic mosaic activating PIK3CA mutations.
Developed an Automated Design Sorting System According to Outer Edges of Object
Authors: Hamzah Adawiya Ali , Abbas Abbas Fadhil
Published: August 2022

The automated sorting systems are used in the industrial sectors to increase the rate of production. This research developed the sorting system by using a vision machine to detect the matching of capturing image with the storage base image. The system will be matching and sorting in real-time with 5 cm/s conveyor belt speed. The vision system is based on three stages to arrive at the sorting decision. The first stage is to covert the capturing image to a binary image, the second stage is applying edge detection of the product, and the third stage is matching this result with the base image. The system was successful to sort any product with complexity in shape and with high efficiency. The system sorting can be detected and sorted any product/machine element at any position or orientation. The system uses real-time analysis in order to provide the required results. The results arrived at the sorting gate at the end conveyer belt of the system if open that means the product matching. Three different products were selected in order to investigate the response and the accuracy of the results. It was found that the maximum of error to detect the product is not exceeding 2% for all cases.
Expanded CD1c+CD163+ DC3 Population in Synovial Tissues Is Associated with Disease Progression of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Qiu Guowei , Zhong Sheng , Xie Jun , Feng Hui , Sun Songtao , Gao Chenxin , Xu Xirui , Kang Bingxin , Xu Hui , Zhao Chi , Ran Lei , Xinyu A. , Xu Bo , Meng Xiaohui , Meng Lu , Zhang Xiaoming , Xiao Lianbo
Published: August 2022

The mechanisms underlying osteoarthritis (OA) have recently been hypothesized to involve a dysfunctional immune system. In this study, we collected synovium, synovial fluid (SF), and peripheral blood from 21 patients. Mononuclear cells were characterized using FCM. H&E staining and mIHC histological assessment of synovium were performed. Cytokine levels in the SF were measured using ELISA. We observed similar frequencies of immune cells in the synovium and SF, which were enriched in DCs. Notably, CD1c+CD163+ DC3s were expanded in the synovium and SF. Furthermore, we found that DC3s were primarily located within the ectopic lymphoid-like structure (ELLS) in close proximity to CD8+ T cells. Finally, the level of TNF-α and IL12p70 in the SF correlated with the severity of OA. These data suggest that OA is an immune system-related disease and that DC3s may play an active role in OA progression by promoting ELLS formation and inflammatory responses.
Estimating Cancer Screening Sensitivity and Specificity Using Healthcare Utilization Data: Defining the Accuracy Assessment Interval
Authors: Chubak Jessica , Burnett-Hartman Andrea N. , Barlow William E. , Corley Douglas A. , Croswell Jennifer M. , Neslund-Dudas Christine , Vachani Anil , Silver Michelle I. , Tiro Jasmin A. , Kamineni Aruna
Published: August 2022

The effectiveness and efficiency of cancer screening in real-world settings depend on many factors, including test sensitivity and specificity. Outside of select experimental studies, not everyone receives a gold standard test that can serve as a comparator in estimating screening test accuracy. Thus, many studies of screening test accuracy use the passage of time to infer whether or not cancer was present at the time of the screening test, particularly for patients with a negative screening test. We define the accuracy assessment interval as the period of time after a screening test that is used to estimate the test's accuracy. We describe how the length of this interval may bias sensitivity and specificity estimates. We call for future research to quantify bias and uncertainty in accuracy estimates and to provide guidance on setting accuracy assessment interval lengths for different cancers and screening modalities.
Nonclinical Efficacy and Safety of CX-2029, an Anti-CD71 Probody–Drug Conjugate
Authors: Singh Shweta , Serwer Laura , DuPage Amy , Elkins Kristi , Chauhan Niharika , Ravn Matthew , Buchanan Fritz , Wang Leyu , Krimm Michael , Wong Ken , Sagert Jason , Tipton Kimberly , Moore Stephen J. , Huang Yuanhui , Jang Andrew , Ureno Eric , Miller Adam , Patrick Sarah , Duvur Shanti , Liu Shouchun , Vasiljeva Olga , Li Yingchun , Henriques Tracy , Badagnani Ilaria , Jeffries Shawn , Schleyer Siew , Leanna Rob , Krebber Claus , Viswanathan Sridhar , Desnoyers Luc , Terrett Jonathan , Belvin Marcia , Morgan-Lappe Susan , Kavanaugh W. Michael , Richardson Jennifer
Published: August 2022

Probody therapeutics (Pb-Txs) are conditionally activated antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) designed to remain inactive until proteolytically activated in the tumor microenvironment, enabling safer targeting of antigens expressed in both tumor and normal tissue. Previous attempts to target CD71, a highly expressed tumor antigen, have failed to establish an acceptable therapeutic window due to widespread normal tissue expression. This study evaluated whether a probody–drug conjugate targeting CD71 can demonstrate a favorable efficacy and tolerability profile in preclinical studies for the treatment of cancer. CX-2029, a Pb-Tx conjugated to maleimido-caproyl-valine-citrulline-p-aminobenzyloxycarbonyl-monomethyl auristatin E, was developed as a novel cancer therapeutic targeting CD71. Preclinical studies were performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this anti-CD71 PDC in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models and cynomolgus monkeys, respectively. CD71 expression was detected at high levels by IHC across a broad range of tumor and normal tissues. In vitro, the masked Pb-Tx form of the anti-CD71 PDC displayed a >50-fold reduced affinity for binding to CD71 on cells compared with protease-activated, unmasked anti-CD71 PDC. Potent in vivo tumor growth inhibition (stasis or regression) was observed in >80% of PDX models (28/34) at 3 or 6 mg/kg. Anti-CD71 PDC remained mostly masked (>80%) in circulation throughout dosing in cynomolgus monkeys at 2, 6, and 12 mg/kg and displayed a 10-fold improvement in tolerability compared with an anti-CD71 ADC, which was lethal. Preclinically, anti-CD71 PDC exhibits a highly efficacious and acceptable safety profile that demonstrates the utility of the Pb-Tx platform to target CD71, an otherwise undruggable target. These data support further clinical development of the anti-CD71 PDC CX-2029 as a novel cancer therapeutic.
The Effects of Oxytocin on Craving, Mental Health Parameters, and Stress Hormones in Methamphetamine-Dependent Patients Undergoing Matrix Treatment Model: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Azadbakht Abbas , Salehi Mehrdad , Maracy Mohammad Reza , Banafshe Hamid Reza
Published: August 2022

Background: Methamphetamine (METH) dependence is an increasing public health problem with a wide range of mental and physical adverse effects. Recent studies report that oxytocin (OXT) has potential therapeutic properties in drug dependence. Hence, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of OXT on craving, mental health (depression and anxiety), and stress hormones (ACTH and cortisol) in METH-dependent patients undergoing matrix treatment model (MTM), an intensive outpatient approach for stimulant abuse treatment. Methods: This randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 42 METH-dependent patients undergoing MTM to receive either intranasal OXT 40 IU (n = 21) or normal saline as placebo (n = 21) for 4 weeks. Clinical and biochemical parameters were measured at baseline and end of trials in METH-dependent patients. Results: Our findings indicated that OXT administration for 4 weeks is associated with a significant improvement in the craving and depression scores, respectively (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference for anxiety scores compared with the placebo group. In addition, OXT administration significantly decreased cortisol (p < 0.001) and ACTH levels (p < 0.002). Conclusions: These findings suggest that OXT can be considered as a new potential therapeutic for the treatment of METH-dependent patients undergoing MTM. Further studies are required to explore the effectiveness and safety of OXT.