bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversité Floristique de la Végétation de la Zone Centrale de l’Habitat des Girafes du Niger, Afrique de l’Ouest
Authors: Maman Moutari Danjouma Roumanatou , Inoussa Maman Maarouhi , Morou Boubé , Hamani Noma Abdoul-Latif , Illo Souley Mahaman Hamissou , Bakasso Yacoubou
Published: May 2024

La présente étude analyse la flore et la végétation en lien avec les variables environnementales de la zone centrale de l’habitat de la girafe. Les relevés floristiques ont été réalisés dans 60 placettes de 1000 m² et 94 de 2500 m² à l’aide de la méthode de Braun-Blanquet. Au total 103 espèces végétales ont été recensées. Ces espèces sont reparties en 84 genres dans 43 familles botaniques dont la plus importante est celle des Fabaceae (24 %), suivis par les Poaceae (10 %) les Malvaceae (7 %) et les Combretaceae (6 %). La Classification Hiérarchiques Ascendante a permis de distinguer quatre groupements végétaux au seuil de 74,76 % de similarité. Les variables environnementales comme la géomorphologie, la végétation, la texture du sol, l’altitude ont un effet significatif sur la distribution des espèces et la structuration de la végétation. On note aussi une prédominance des Thérophytes et des espèces à large distribution telles que les Paléotropicales et les Pantropicales dans la zone. Ces résultats révèlent le degré d’exploitation de la végétation de la zone par les populations locales et l’aridité du climat sahélien.
This study analyzes the flora and vegetation in relation to the environmental variables of the central zone of the giraffe habitat. Floristic surveys were carried out in 60 plots of 1000 m² and 94 of 2500 m² using the Braun-Blanquet method. A total of 103 plant species have been recorded. These species are divided into 84 genera in 43 botanical families, the most important of which is Fabaceae (9 %), followed by Poaceae Malvaceae (7 %) and Combretaceae (6 %). The Ascending Hierarchical Classification made it possible to distinguish four plant groups at the threshold of 74.76% similarity. Environmental variables such as geomorphology, vegetation, soil texture, and altitude have a significant effect on the distribution of species and the structuring of vegetation. We also note a predominance of Therophytes and widely distributed species such as Paleotropicals and Pantropicals in the zone. These results reveal the degree of exploitation of the vegetation in the area by local populations and the aridity of the Sahelian climate.
Recent Advancements in Anticancer Activities of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Conjugates
Authors: Kumar Ankush , Bhatia Rohit
Published: May 2024

Oxadiazole derivatives have a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antiviral, antibacterial, anticancer, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Because of its broad range of biological functions, the oxadiazole ring structure is a popular heterocyclic template for pharmaceutical molecules. This article comprises of 1,2-4 oxadiazole-conjugates with different moieties exhibiting anticancer potential on different cell lines such as MCF-7, DU-145, MDA MB-231, and many others along with Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR). Furthermore, medicinal chemists are always battling to develop selective cytotoxic drugs with the fewest possible adverse effects. This review is intended to stimulate fresh ideas in the search for rational designs of more active and less hazardous oxadiazole medical medicines.
Dengue Viruses in Sudan
Authors: Muhammad Dafalla Rihab
Published: May 2024

Due to the heavy rain in the west of Sudan, the Aedes mosquitoes found suitable conditions for propagation or reproduction, the mosquitoes are infected by the flavivirus that causes dengue fever, which you can get from the bite of a mosquito carrying one of different four serotypes of dengue virus. Dengue fever is a global human threat, which causes big problems in health, education, and the economy these days in tropical and sub-tropical areas in the world.
On the Importance of Patient-Centred Care
Authors: James Natasha
Published: May 2024

In recent times, the importance of non-biological factors has been recognized in dealing with the health of individuals, and thus, a previously more biologically centered healthcare approach has been steered to a more holistic one. This approach aims to incorporate all aspects of an individual into their care, including their psychological and social entities. This paper will explore the different contributors to health outcomes including health inequalities, the health and illness beliefs of patients, the different ways in which consultations are run, the pathways of care, and the role of multidisciplinary teamwork in patient care. Real patient examples will be incorporated to supplement the various determinants of health explained within this paper.
Wellens syndrome Type A. Case report
Authors: Correa Sheila Candebat , Quintero Chang Janet , Candebat Correa Kenia Roxana
Published: May 2024

Wellens syndrome is an electrocardiographic manifestation of critical stenosis of the anterior left descending coronary artery, the persistent reversal of the T-wave in the V2 and V3 shunts. It was decided to report the case of a 48-year-old female patient with the aim of describing her clinical and electrocardiographic characteristics. The patient goes to the Emergency Room of Saturnino Lora Provincial Hospital referring oppressive precordial pain of 15 days of evolution, where an electrocardiogram and coronary angiography are performed, being diagnosed with Wellens Syndrome type A. It was considered to report this case because it is not an immediate recognition syndrome and the findings predict with a high sensitivity and specificity the compromise of the proximal part of the anterior descending artery, requiring an early invasive strategy with the aim of avoiding complications such as acute myocardial infarction and death.
O PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE ALIMENTAÇÃO ESCOLAR (PNAE) E A AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR BRASILEIRA: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA BIBLIOTECA DIGITAL BRASILEIRA DE TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES (BDTD)
Authors: Cipriano de Lima Khetully Joaquim , Pereira da Silva Luciano , Souza Ribeiro Vinícius
Published: May 2024

O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE), responsável por fornecer alimentação escolar para estudantes de escolas públicas de todo o Brasil, se tornou, em 2009, mais uma política pública que fomenta a agricultura familiar. O programa determina que parte do recurso destinado à compra da alimentação escolar seja empregado em gêneros alimentícios advindos da agricultura familiar. A interação entre alimentação escolar e agricultura familiar aumenta a qualidade da alimentação dos estudantes de escolas públicas e a renda do agricultor familiar. O objetivo do trabalho foi compreender as potencialidades e limitações da aplicação da obrigação legal de adquirir, com os recursos do PNAE, no mínimo, 30% de produtos provenientes da agricultura familiar. Para tanto, foram adotados como procedimento metodológico a revisão de literatura de trabalhos publicados na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), no período de 2009 a 2020, que versam sobre o tema apresentado, e analisadas as normas legais que regem o PNAE. Dos resultados obtidos com a pesquisa, pode-se assinalar que, com as mais recentes alterações legislativas, o Programa apresentou uma melhora quanto ao cumprimento da obrigação legal de aquisição de gêneros da agricultura familiar. Entretanto ainda há um caminho a percorrer para que todas as Entidades Executoras atuem em conformidade total com a legislação.
EPT E MUNDO DO TRABALHO
Authors: Rodrigues de Oliveira Sandro , Tavares Ferreira Ed Wilson
Published: May 2024

O mundo do trabalho enfrenta mudanças significativas devido aos avanços tecnológicos desde as primeiras revoluções industriais. Essas mudanças têm tido um impacto drástico na classe trabalhadora, uma vez que as inovações tecnológicas e os mecanismos de automação substituíram consideravelmente empregos que anteriormente eram desempenhados por seres humanos. Por causa de processos de automatização nas empresas, uma série de empregos deixou de existir e este fenômeno, até o presente, afeta grande parte da população. Neste artigo os autores comparam as tendências de atuação das profissões/carreiras no mundo do trabalho, mediante a um estudo comparativo de dados públicos. Assim foi possível confrontar essas informações com os cursos ofertados na Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (RFEPT) e gerar novas informações que estão alinhadas ao mundo do trabalho. Desse modo, este artigo tem o intuito de instigar gestores e alunos a uma melhor análise sobre a oferta de novos cursos nas instituições, por meio de indicadores de eficiência a partir da análise dos dados disponíveis na Plataforma Nilo Peçanha (PNP), na Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações (CBO), no Sistema Nacional de Empregos (SINE) e dados sobre todas as profissões, cargos e remunerações do mercado de trabalho brasileiro, por meio do portal Salários. Com a análise desses dados, espera-se possibilitar um melhor entendimento acerca do tema analisado e contribuir para uma melhor tomada de decisão na escolha/oferta de novos cursos.
Behavioral intention to adopt Islamic banking digital services: A modified UTAUT2 approach
Authors: Pratiwi Intan Kusuma
Published: May 2024

Purpose — This research aims to identify the factors that influence customers in using digital Islamic banking services by modifying the UTAUT2 model to include Perceived Credibility and Perceived Risk variables.Method — This research employs a quantitative approach to test and validate the hypotheses formulated. The study population consists of Islamic bank customers in Indonesia. For sample selection, a purposive sampling technique was employed, with the inclusion criterion being that respondents must be Islamic bank customers who have utilized digital Islamic banking services. Data were collected from 373 Islamic bank customers through online Google Forms. The data analysis technique utilized in this research is the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method, conducted using SmartPLS software.Result — The research results indicate that nearly all UTAUT2 variables significantly impact customers' adoption of digital Islamic banking services. Specifically, Perceived Credibility significantly influences customers' adoption of these services, and similarly, Perceived Risk significantly affects customers' adoption of digital Islamic banking services.Contribution — This research introduces a novel framework by modifying the UTAUT2 model, incorporating the variables of Perceived Credibility and Perceived Risk as extensions to the UTAUT2 model.
The mediating role of knowledge sharing in the relationship between human capital, structural capital, spiritual capital, and MSMEs innovation
Authors: Sugianto Nurunnisa Ayung Prinika , Pratama Bima Cinintya , Hariyanto Eko , Hapsari Ira
Published: May 2024

Purpose — This research aims to illuminate the influence of human capital, structural capital, and spiritual capital on innovation, mediated by knowledge sharing.Method — This research employs a quantitative methodology. It involves gathering data through a questionnaire that utilizes convenience sampling, focusing on 200 MSME operators across Banyumas, Brebes, and Cilacap. The statistical analysis utilizes Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).Result — We found that human capital, structural capital, and spiritual capital directly impact innovation in MSMEs. Furthermore, we observe that knowledge sharing functions as a mediator in MSMEs innovation.Contribution — The study extends previous research, adding knowledge sharing as a mediating variable to explore its role in the nexus among human capital, structural capital, spiritual capital, and MSMEs innovation.
THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND IMAGE, LIFESTYLE, PROMOTION AND PRICE ON OPPO MOBILE PHONE PURCHASE DECISIONS AT ANUGERAH KARYA ABADI KEDIRI STORE
Authors: Lusianto Kefri Septian
Published: May 2024

This research aims to test and explain the influence of brand image, lifestyle, promotion and price on purchasing decisions for Oppo cellphones at Toko Anugerah Karya Abadi Kediri partially and simultaneously. This research uses quantitative methods and the population studied is all consumers who purchased Oppo cellphones within the 3 month research period. The number of samples taken was 97 respondents, and the sampling method used purposive sampling. Data was collected through questionnaires, while analysis techniques used validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, R2 determinant test, t test, and f test. The research results show that (1) brand image has no significant effect on purchasing decisions with a t value of -2.050 and a sig value. 0.043 < 0.05, (2) lifestyle has a significant effect on purchasing decisions with a t value of 5.076 and a sig value. 0.000 < 0.05, (3) promotion has a significant effect on purchasing decisions with a t value of 3.403 and a sig value. 0.001 < 0.05, (4) price has a significant effect on purchasing decisions with a t value of 2.212 > t table and a sig value. 0.029 < 0.05, (5) brand image, lifestyle, promotion and price together have a significant influence on purchasing decisions with an Fcount value of 17.708 and a sig value. F 0.000 < 0.05. The decision to purchase an Oppo cellphone at Toko Anugerah Karya Abadi Kediri is influenced by these four variables amounting to 43.5% while the remaining 56.5% is influenced by other factors outside this research.
Rekreasyon Alanlarında Peyzaj Tasarım Önerilerinin Geliştirilmesi: Bursa Ayvalı Dere ve Çevresi
Authors: Şengül Sena , Ender Altay Elvan
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı Bursa Ayvalı Dere ve çevresindeki rekreasyon alanı ile kent ilişkilerinin kurulması ve tasarlanmasına yönelik fikirlerin geliştirilmesidir. Mevcut duruma uygun olarak; kentin kimliğine katkı sağlayan, kentsel yerleşimlerle ilişki kuran tasarımları yansıtan, kentsel yaşam kalitesini arttıran, açık ve yeşil alanlar ile insan-doğa ilişkilerini ön plana çıkaran, yenilikçi, estetik ve ekolojik çözümler öneren fikirlerin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çalışma alanının peyzaj planlama ve tasarım kararları belirlenmiş, Bursa Ayvalı Dere ve çevresinin peyzaj tasarım projesi oluşturulmuştur. Rekreasyon alanları için geliştirilen çözümlerin ve önerilen mekanların benzer projeler için yol gösterici olması hedeflenmiştir.
Water-Yield Relationships of Green Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Cultivated at Different Irrigation Levels
Authors: Yılmaz Sinem , Kuşçu Hayrettin
Published: May 2024

A field experiment was carried out in Bursa ecological conditions to determine the effects of different irrigation strategies on water-yield relationships of green pepper cultivation. In the study, where the amount of water evaporated from the class A pan (E) was taken as reference, different pan-crop coefficients (kpc: 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00) were used for four irrigation treatments (S25: E×0.25, S50: E×0.50, S75: E×0.75, and S100: E×1.00) was created. While statistically significant (p
ПРИНЦИПИ, ЦІЛІ ТА МЕТОДИ УПРАВЛІННЯ КАДРОВОЮ ПОЛІТИКОЮ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Андрусь О.І. , Бойчук Н.Я.
Published: May 2024

Мета статті – обґрунтування принципів, цілей і методів ефективної кадрової політики підприємства, оскільки аналіз наукового та практичного досвіду, розробка організаційних структур управління кадровою політикою показали, що їх узагальнення дозволяє побудувати ефективну модель управління персоналом підприємства. У ході дослідження було узагальнено дві групи принципів кадрової політики підприємства, які стосуються формування та управління кадровою політикою. Визначено п’ять груп цілей управління кадровою політикою підприємства, серед яких адміністративні, підвищення якості діяльності, інформування працівників про показники їхньої праці та розвитку, вдосконалення процесів управління кадровою політикою. Окреслені також методи управління кадровою політикою – адміністративні, економічні та соціально-психологічні. Практичне значення результатів дослідження полягає в можливості подальшого обґрунтування моделі ефективного управління кадровою політикою підприємства.
Non-financial incentives and their application to enhance motivation and productivity in mining industry employees
Authors: Saxby Peter
Published: May 2024

The mining industry is experiencing challenges in attracting and retaining sufficient skilled employees to meet strategic aims and production objectives, despite offering relatively high financial incentives. Human resources management theory indicates that many factors contribute to employee motivation and job satisfaction, and that these in turn influence performance and employee turnover. Although financial rewards are recognised as major motivating factors in mining employee job satisfaction, non-financial motivators are also desired. This paper examines the use of non-financial incentives to improve performance and productivity in mine operational employees and identifies incentives that could achieve these goals. With few studies focusing on non-financial methods of improving personnel performance in mining, studies from other industries are considered and applied to the mining industry. The paper finds non-financial incentives are likely to increase the motivation of employees in the mining industry, and that incentives which improve the employee’s workplace experience are particularly desired.
Impacto ambiental en la cadena de suministro: Una revisión bibliométrica
Authors: Burgos Espinoza Ingrid Iovana , García Alcaraz Jorge Luis , Avelar Sosa Liliana
Published: May 2024

El presente estudio presenta una revisión bibliométrica sobre el impacto ambiental en la cadena de suministro, teniendo como objetivo analizar y proporcionar una visión actualizada del tema. Los documentos analizados fueron extraídos de las bases de datos como Scopus, con la metodología PRISMA para su clasificación, análisis y revisión. Los documentos finales fueron analizados en el software VOSviewer, enfocándose en identificar las principales áreas de investigación, autores, instituciones, países, documentos y revistas que publican sobre este tema. Los resultados indican que los países que más investigan sobre este tema son los Estados Unidos y Reino Unido, la principal agencia de financiamiento es la Fundación Nacional de Ciencias Naturales de China y los autores más productivos son M. Kucukvar, S. Sala y A. Azapagic, entre otros.
Aplicación del modelo de Kano al futuro diseño de equipo de rehabilitación para el tratamiento de la anquilosis mandibular
Authors: Brugal García Daniel , Meraz Tena Erika Guadalupe
Published: May 2024

En el tratamiento de la anquilosis mandibular se han establecido metodologías y herramientas para proporcionar una correcta rehabilitación, tanto en el ámbito de las malformaciones congénitas como de apariciones posoperatorias, etc. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, las tasas de reincidencia de esta patología, sobre todo posterior a una intervención quirúrgica, son bastante elevadas, por lo que se genera una problemática en dicho proceso que muchas veces termina propiciando nuevamente una intervención quirúrgica. Este artículo ofrece un análisis mediante modelo de Kano para determinar y clasificar los requerimientos de diseño de un producto rehabilitador de la mandíbula. Se aplicó una encuesta a seis expertos con la finalidad de determinar los atributos en el método. Se realizó un muestreo de tipo casual entre 26 personas de ambos sexos, de edades comprendidas entre los 18-70 años, pertenecientes a expertos del área de la medicina. Los datos obtenidos para la clasificación del equipo de rehabilitación evidencian que la mayoría de los requerimientos son de tipo Atractivo (atributo que resulta satisfactorio tenerlo y que no frustra a los usuarios sin él). Esto define el dispositivo a diseñar porque serán características innovadoras en el diseño del producto, pudiendo convertirse en ventajas de mercadotecnia y que además incentiven su uso.
The role of undergraduate research in physics education
Authors: López Gallardo Jorge Alberto
Published: May 2024

Research experiences can benefit undergraduate students by providing hands-on experience in research, helping them develop critical thinking, problem-solving and analytical skills. Also, it helps them in establishing professional networking, career exploration, and demonstrable experience for future employers. In this article, the different types of undergraduate research experience that exist are explored. The article annotates several investigations of the benefits of undergraduate research experiences, including two that relate research experiences to the continuation into graduate school. This work also presents statistical data from the author’s university of affiliation, to conclude that undergraduate research is the strongest motivator there is for students to continue with graduate studies.
Física forense: Una oportunidad desatendida en los libros de texto
Authors: Torres Zúñiga Vicente
Published: May 2024

Se realizó una búsqueda en la literatura especializada en enseñanza de la física (en español e inglés) revisando ejercicios, ejemplos y otros materiales didácticos con un enfoque forense. Si bien existen artículos especializados en esta área, no se encontró un libro de texto dedicado al ámbito forense, aunque sí existe un manual de prácticas. Se revisaron 27 libros de texto de física, mediante la exploración de palabras clave del quehacer forense y examinando si el contenido particular cumplía con cuatro criterios didácticos que se considera que definen la instrucción de la física forense: 1) enfoque en problemas inversos, 2) evitar conjeturas injustificadas, 3) uso de datos verosímiles y 4) empleo de una narrativa ético-forense. Solo 12 títulos cumplieron estos requisitos, al contar con mínimo una mención concreta, pero cuatro obras presentan más de cuatro casos puntuales de física forense. Los resultados sugieren que los temas forenses están subrepresentados en los libros de texto de física, en comparación con otros quehaceres. Esto implica una oportunidad para elaborar libros especializados en este contexto, implicando utilizar un recurso pedagógico con énfasis en situaciones reales, fomentadora de ciudadanía y atractiva para los estudiantes. Esta información fortalecerá los planes de estudio de las licenciaturas en ciencia forense y carreras afines.
Application of multi-fidelity methods to rotorcraft performance assessment
Authors: Walizer Laura , Haehnel Robert , Allen Luke , Wenren Yonghu
Published: May 2024

We present a Python-based multi-fidelity tool to estimate rotorcraft performance metrics. We use Gaussian-Process regression (GPR) methods to adaptively build a surrogate model using a small number of high-fidelity CFD points to improve estimates of performance metrics from a medium-fidelity comprehensive analysis model. To include GPR methods in our framework, we used the EmuKit Python package. Our framework adaptively chooses new high-fidelity points to run in regions where the model variance is high. These high-fidelity points are used to update the GPR model; convergence is reached when model variance is below a pre-determined level. To efficiently use our framework on large computer clusters, we implemented this in Galaxy Simulation Builder, an analysis tool that is designed to work on large parallel computing environments. The program is modular, and is designed to be agnostic to the number and names of dependent variables and to the number and identifying labels of the fidelity levels. We demonstrate our multi-fidelity modeling framework on a rotorcraft collective sweep (hover) simulation and compare the accuracy and time savings of the GPR model to that of a simulation run with CFD only.
Debottlenecking of FPSO by Using Compact Solution and Optimizing the Surface Facility of Unmanned Well Head Platform
Authors: Jakkulwar Avi Diliprao , Joshi N. B. , Sengupta Partha , Rahul R. , Nischal Rajiv
Published: May 2024

Production from mature fields are decline so in this scenario Oil companies are trying to develop all its resources. Here in ONGC we are trying to develop marginal field which is difficult to sustain on their own, hence we have clubbed these fields as a cluster and we hired the FPSO to process this well fluid to separate oil gas and water.

The FPSO is deployed to take the production from the cluster, due to the addition, expansion and development of marginal fields to cluster, the production has increased. The increased gas feed is creating problems of surges, intermittent flaring and carryover of liquid and causing bottleneck to the FPSO. Debottlenecking of FPSO through novel approach of optimizing the surface facility of Unmanned Well Head Platform was done.

Well fluid from A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4 platforms of cluster II and B-2, B-2-1, B-2-1, B-2-2-2 platforms of cluster III is received at (AB2) unmanned platform and further routed to FPSO.
HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966 mitigates acute kidney injury by modulating RIPK1-mediated programmed necrosis
Authors: Chen Qi , Chen Qi , xie man-man , xie man-man , Chen Ying , Chen Ying , shan run-run , shan run-run , yu ju-tao , yu ju-tao , hou rui , hou rui , dong yu-hang , dong yu-hang , luo xiu-feng , luo xiu-feng , Dong Ze-hui , Dong Ze-hui , gao li , gao li , Meng Xiao-ming , Meng Xiao-ming , zhang shao-fei , zhang shao-fei
Published: May 2024

Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to clinical syndromes culminating in sharp reduction in renal function over a short period of time because of various reasons. These syndromes manifest in the form of inflammation and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells via controlled demise. Histone deacetylases are critical in renal physiology and fibrosis. Here, the HDAC3 expression was shown to be upregulated and localized predominantly in the renal tubules in an AKI mouse model. Moreover, the selective HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966 was found to reduce inflammation and injury caused by cisplatin and hypoxia–reoxygenation in HK2 cells. Importantly, RGFP966 exerted potent protective effects in mouse models of ischemia/reperfusion-induced AKI and cisplatin. Furthermore, RNA sequencing revealed that RGFP966 significantly inhibited the upregulation of RIPK1. Cellular thermal displacement assay and molecular docking demonstrated the physical binding of RGFP966 to HDCA3. In addition, RIPK1 knockdown cell assay signified that RGFP966 directly targeted RIPK1 and inhibited RIPK1 kinase activity. In summary, these findings established the efficacy of the HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966 in treating AKI.
Super-fast breeding of all-female giant grass carp by tiny zebrafish
Authors: Sun Yonghua , Ye Ding , Wang Chaofan , Zhu Junwen , Hao Yongkang , Li Linglu , Li Yongming , Tu Yi-Xuan , Wang Xiaosi , Ren Zhiqin , Wang Houpang , He Mudan
Published: May 2024

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), a prominent species in freshwater aquaculture, boasts one of the largest body sizes and global production yields. However, the reproduction and genetic breeding of grass carp has been significantly hindered, primarily due to its protracted sexual maturation period of four to five years and the need for extensive cultivation space. In this study, we develop a super-fast strategy to breed all-female grass carp within half a year, leveraging surrogate production in a small-sized laboratory fish, zebrafish (Danio rerio). We identify and isolate female germline stem cells (GSCs) from juvenile grass carp at three months post-fertilization (mpf). The female GSCs with XX chromosomes are transplanted into germ cell-depleted zebrafish larvae at five days post-fertilization (dpf). The transplanted grass carp XX germ cells undergo rapid spermatogenesis in the zebrafish recipient. At three months after transplantation, all the zebrafish recipients develop into males capable of producing all-X sperm derived from donor grass carp. When these sperm are fertilized with wildtype grass carp eggs, a population of all-female grass carp is generated. This groundbreaking achievement highlights the feasibility of surrogate production of large-sized fish species in small laboratory fishes, and opens a new avenue for advancing genetic breeding in aquaculture.
Association Between Oxidative Balance Score and Osteoporosis in U.S. Adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2020
Authors: Wen Xu , Zhang Jianxin , Ma Guangbin , Zhu Bingrui , Han Yingguang
Published: May 2024

Background
Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent disease that increases the risk of fractures and affects quality of life. Although there are many factors that contribute to OP, there are fewer studies on the relationship between oxidative balance score (OBS) and OP.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to examine the association of OBS with the prevalence of OP among U.S. adults using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2020. A final sample of 18,837 participants was included after exclusions. OBS was calculated from dietary and lifestyle data, and OP status was determined using bone mineral density (BMD) measurements. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were used to explore the association between OBS and OP after adjusting for confounders.
Results
Our study demonstrated an inverse association between OBS and the prevalence of OP. For every unit increase in OBS, there was a 3% reduction in the odds of OP after adjustment (OR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.96–0.99). Higher dietary OBS was associated with reduced OP risk, while an improved lifestyle OBS corresponded to higher OP incidence (P < 0.05). A linear inverse relationship between continuous OBS values and OP risk was observed, and subgroup analyses revealed that females experienced more pronounced protection as OBS increased.
Conclusion
The present study suggests an inverse relationship between OBS and OP in adults, with dietary OBS inversely linked to OP prevalence and lifestyle OBS positively associated. In addition, the association between OBS and OP differed between sexes.
Socioeconomic pathways toward sustainable food systems
Authors: Chrisendo Daniel , Heikonen Sara , Piipponen Johannes , Banafa Thomas , Deryng Delphine , El-Wali Mohammad , Heino Matias , Irz Xavier , Jalava Mika , Láng-Ritter Josias , Mazac Rachel , Niva Venla , Pihlajamäki Mia , Roitto Marja , Tuomisto Hanna , Kummu Matti
Published: May 2024

Recommended solutions and innovations to shape sustainable food systems need to be socioeconomically feasible to be implemented. The numerous publications and the nuance of the topic obfuscate the comprehension of the most crucial socioeconomic measures required for successful implementation and concrete policy formulation. Therefore, a clear and comprehensive overview of available evidence on sustainable food systems is needed, especially focusing on the socioeconomic feasibility, which has not been done before. To address this research gap, we systematically screened over 1700 articles and selected 349 for detailed review, investigating socioeconomic attributes corresponding to successful implementations of sustainable food system transformations. We found that sustainable food systems have various meanings across the scholarship and lack harmonized principles. Moreover, the socioeconomic effects on sustainability are often merely assumed instead of rigorously measured. According to the reviewed articles, different actors require different socioeconomic interventions to attain sustainable food systems: i) producers with strong social capital that induces trust among farmers, as well as economic incentives, have enhanced capabilities to promote sustainability, ii) consumers benefit from improved information provisioning and lower prices of sustainable food options, and iii) processors and distributors require better infrastructure to increase the availability of nutritious food and to reduce food loss and waste. Other actors, such as researchers, should disclose their findings widely, while governments should invest in collaborative policy-making and programs that push for sustainable food systems. The results provide a diverse range of efficient socioeconomic recommendations to increase sustainability in our food systems.
Evidence of aberrant anti-Epstein-Barr virus antibody response, though no viral reactivation, in people with post-stroke fatigue
Authors: Mouat Isobel C. , Zhu Li , Aslan Alperen , McColl Barry W. , Allan Stuart M. , Smith Craig J. , Buckwalter Marion S. , McCulloch Laura
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND Fatigue is a common complication of stroke that has a significant impact on quality of life. The biological mechanisms that underly post-stroke fatigue are currently unclear, however, reactivation of latent viruses and their impact on systemic immune function have been increasingly reported in other conditions where fatigue is a predominant symptom. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in particular has been associated with fatigue, including in long-COVID and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, but has not yet been explored within the context of stroke. AIMS We performed an exploratory analysis to determine if there is evidence of a relationship between EBV reactivation and post-stroke fatigue.
METHODS In a chronic ischemic stroke cohort (>5 months post-stroke), we assayed circulating EBV by qPCR and measured the titres of anti-EBV antibodies by ELISA in patients with high fatigue (FACIT-F <40) and low fatigue (FACIT-F >41). Statistical analysis between two-groups were performed by t-test when normally distributed according to the Shapiro-Wilk test, by Mann-Whitney test when the data was not normally distributed, and by Fisher’s exact test for categorical data.
RESULTS We observed a similar incidence of viral reactivation between people with low versus high levels of post-stroke fatigue (5 of 22 participants (24%) versus 6 of 22 participants (27%)). Although the amount of circulating EBV was similar, we observed an altered circulating anti-EBV antibody profile in participants with high fatigue, with reduced IgM against the Viral Capsid Antigen (2.244 ± 0.926 vs 3.334 ± 2.68; P = 0.031). Total IgM levels were not different between groups indicating this effect was specific to anti-EBV antibodies (3.23 x 105 ± 4.44 x 104 high fatigue versus 4.60 x 105 ± 9.28 x 104 low fatigue; P= 0.288).
CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that EBV is not more prone to reactivation during chronic stroke recovery in those with post-stroke fatigue. However, the dysregulated antibody response to EBV may be suggestive of viral reactivation at an earlier stage after stroke.
Functional CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening of the genetic determinants of human fibroblast migration propensity
Authors: Mazzei Antonio , Martewicz Sebastian , Amiri Ramin , Cui Meihua , Elvassore Nicola , Luni Camilla
Published: May 2024

Directional cell migration plays a central role in a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions, such as inflammation and cancer. Steps involved in cell migration include cell polarization, formation of membrane protrusions at the cell front side and adhesion disassembly at the rear side, and a general cytoskeletal rearrangement. However, there are cell-specific and context-specific molecular events acting in the process. Here, we show how to screen for genes and miRNAs involved in migration by the direct integration of a high-throughput gene editing method, the CRISPR-Cas9 knockout pool screening, and a well-established functional assay, the transwell migration assay. We applied this methodology to human fibroblasts migrating in the presence of a biochemical gradient. The results confirm known genes involved in migration, but also highlight new candidates, like the ectopically expressed family of olfactory receptors. This work establishes a methodological advancement in the use of CRISPR technology for functional screening, and represents a resource for candidate genes and miRNA playing a role in human fibroblast directional migration.
Analysis of perioperative period coagulation function affected by antiepileptic drugs in epilepsy surgery
Authors: Huang Yue , Gao Dejin , Dou Wanchen
Published: May 2024

Background
Drug-resistant epilepsy is a chronic condition that refers to epilepsy that does not improve with adequate medication treatment. For such cases, surgical intervention is a crucial strategy. However, in some patients, hemorrhage may occur after the operation. Proper management of antiepileptic drugs is essential for perioperative care in epilepsy surgery. It should be noted that certain antiepileptic drugs may negatively affect coagulation function. In this study, we aim to summarize the coagulation function of epilepsy patients during the perioperative period and compare the postoperative coagulation function when using sodium valproate and levetiracetam.
Method
Sixty-one epilepsy patients (age=30.79±10.30 years old; M:F=38:23) who underwent surgical treatments in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from April 2019 to April 2022 were enrolled in the study. Coagulation functions were evaluated using laboratory examination. Based on their perioperative medication, they were divided into two groups - sodium valproate and levetiracetam. We used t-test to measure the coagulation function parameters affected by the operation and then used independent t-test to determine the differences in coagulation function between the two groups.
Result
Abnormal PT, APTT, Fbg within 3 days after operation were found 84.8%, 28.3%, 93.5% respectively in patients using sodium valproate intravenous preparation, while these parameters are 26.7%, 26.7%, 26.7% respectively in patients using levetiracetam intravenous preparation. The patients who take sodium valproate intravenous preparation get higher value of PT increase in perioperative time compared to patient using levetiracetam intravenous preparation.
Conclusion
Patients with epilepsy are at risk of experiencing abnormal coagulation function following epilepsy surgery. It has been observed that patients may experience more severe and prolonged prothrombin time (PT) when using intravenous valproic acid preparation during the perioperative period, as compared to using levetiracetam intravenous preparation. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring coagulation function after epilepsy surgery. Surgeons should closely monitor patients who receive sodium valproate treatment during the perioperative period for any potential impact on their coagulation function post-surgery.
Monitoring the Pendelluft by EIT could predict the failure of non-invasive mechanical ventilation:A Prospective Study
Authors: wu ling , Wang Xuzhen , Hu Ping , Pan Ye , Zhao Ning , Lu Yuanhua , Liu Fen , Qian Kejian
Published: May 2024

Background and objective: Patients with severe hypoxemia have a high mortality rate after failed non-invasive ventilation(NIV).Therefore,we propose utilizing pendelluft monitored by EIT to predict the failures of NIV,providing a new method for clinical practice.
Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled all patients with acute respiratory failure who were receiving NIV.The collected indices included patients' baseline characteristics,the measurement of pendelluft by EIT during the initial 24 hours of NIV after admission to the ICU,and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio.
Results: This study included 37 patients.There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between the successful and failed groups of NIV.The amplitude of pendelluft in the successful group (122.3226 (8.5493,193.8191))was significantly higher compared to the failed group (7.7538(2.6880, 25.8338))with a p-value < 0.01.The ROC curve showed the pendelluft amplitude cut-off value of 45.1124.Compared to the PaO2/FiO2,the pendelluft amplitude had a higher predictive value.
Conclusion: Monitoring pendelluft using EIT could be one of the methods for predicting the failure of NIV.
Emotional and Psychological Experiences of Nursing students caring for Dying Patients: A phenomenology study at Mulago National Hospital, Uganda
Authors: Nabirye Asha K. , Munabi Ian G. , Mubuuke Aloysius G. , Kiguli Sarah
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Caring for dying patients is associated with psychological trauma, strong emotions and enormous stress for nursing staff and nursing students who are relied on by patients and relatives in such difficult situations. Although nurses have an ability of self-control and calm approach towards death, there are still some emotions they need to “work through”. Research studies have documented limited exposure of nursing students to end-of-life care and inadequate understanding of the psychological and emotional experiences they encounter during clinical placements. This study explored the psychological and emotional experiences of Ugandan student nurses on caring for the dying patients at Mulago national referral hospital during clinical placement.
Methods
A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted among fifteen undergraduate nursing students of Makerere University in clinical placement at Mulago hospital. An In-depth interview guide was used to gather data on nursing students’ emotional and psychological experiences and coping mechanisms. Data was audio recorded, verbatim transcribed and thematically analyzed using Atlas. ti version 6 software.
Results
The nursing students emotional and psychological experiences when caring for dying patients were emerged into two themes; (1) Psychological and emotional reactions, (2) Coping mechanisms. The sub themes were; anger, anxiety and depression which is triggered by a combination of issues of pressure from relatives, failure to save the dying patient, thoughts of wasted efforts to reverse the dying process, limited resources, limited technical and emotional support. The students cope by seeking help from peers, engagement in problem solving, distancing from patients, spirituality and engaging in personal stress reducing activities.
Conclusion
Insights from this study provide educators with a snapshot of student encounters, emotions, and coping strategies when facing dying patients and their families. Nursing students experience various negative emotional and psychological stressors triggered by a combination of issues that need to be addressed during care of dying patients. However, they devise different coping mechanisms to continue with provision of necessary end of life care as the clinical placement contributes to their learning, experience and builds confidence among student nurses.
Least squares support vector regression-based channel estimation for OFDM systems in the presence of impulsive noise
Authors: Mirsalari Seyed Hamidreza , Haghbin Afrooz , Khatir Mahdi , Razzazi Farbod
Published: May 2024

This work aimed to investigate a multipath channel estimation technique for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems based on least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) in the presence of Gaussian and impulse noise. Since impulsive noise can considerably affect the performance of communication systems and also due to the time-varying and frequency selectivity of wireless channels, it is unavoidable to have a proper channel estimation and interpolation technique. Therefore, in this contribution, an autoregressive modeled multipath channel was estimated using LSSVR in the presence of impulsive and Gaussian noises. Considering that the proposed method does not need to solve a quadratic programming (QP) problem, it is less complex than standard support vector regression (SVR). The simulation results indicate that the proposed method outperforms standard SVR and the cubic-spline interpolated LS in terms of bit error rate (BER) and mean square error (MSE) criteria.
Preparation and characterization of different supported 4-n-butylresorcinol nanoemulsions
Authors: Li Mingyuan , Shao Wanhui , Ren Hongmeng , Li Xinyi , Yin Mengsi , Zhang Faxin , Li Jiaxu , Zhang Siqi , Huang Yu , Zhang Yuxi , Yang Jian , Han Bin , Li Zuyin , Xue Jianjun
Published: May 2024

4-n-butylresorcinol (4-nBR) has a significant effect on skin pigmentation, but its poor solubility, low stability and strong irritation to the skin limit its application. In this study, 4-nBR was prepared into 4-n-butylresorcinol nanoemulsion (4-nBR-NE) for the first time, which improved the solubility and stability of 4-nBR and greatly reduced the irritation of 4-nBR on skin. On this basis, the relationship between the viscosity of nanoemulsion and the formulation process, and the relationship between the ratio of surfactant and the formability of 4-nBR-NE were further studied. A nanoemulsion with adjustable viscosity (AV-NE) and nanoemulsion with low surfactant content has been successfully developed. The particle size of 4-nBR-NE was 13.34 ± 0.1646 nm, and PDI (0.08532 ± 0.0191) was small, and the particle size distribution was uniform. The encapsulation rate of 4-nBR-NE was 80.05 ± 0.75% by UV-VIS spectrophotometry. In addition, 4-nBR-NE had excellent stability for several months that the particle size was almost unchanged. We also confirmed through cells and transdermal evaluations that the original irritation of 4-nBR on cells and skin could be effectively reduced after preparation of 4-nBR-NE. Then 4-nBR-NE was prepared into essence. TEM showed that the shape of the 4-nBR-NE could still be observed after the essence was prepared, indicating that the shape of the 4-nBR-NE could still be maintained when the 4-nBR-NE was added to other products as an intermediate. In summary, 4-nBR-NE could not only improve the stability, solubility and transdermal delivery efficiency of 4-nBR, but also effectively reduce the original irritation of 4-nBR, which can be used to help treat pigmentation, melasma, freckles and other skin diseases. 4-nBR has increased its applicability in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Patients’ experiences of barriers and facilitators with continuous positive airway pressure therapy in obstructive sleep apnoea – a qualitative interview study
Authors: Jeppesen Karin , Good Anita Rabøl , Dyrhaug Ilse Dall , Johansen Marianne Bruun , Primdahl Jette
Published: May 2024

Background: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea ranges from 6% to 17% in the general adult population. Untreated obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, traffic accidents, and decreased quality of life. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the gold standard for treating obstructive sleep apnoea. However, only approximately half of all treated patients succeed with this therapy. There is a lack of knowledge about the patient experience of CPAP treatment and the barriers and facilitators to successful CPAP treatment. The study aimed to explore how newly diagnosed patients with OSA experience receiving the diagnosis, their motivation for treatment, and essential factors for successful CPAP treatment.
Methods: A qualitative design using individual semi-structured interviews was applied. Patients with successful (n=10) and unsuccessful (n=9) treatment were interviewed. Qualitative Content Analysis inspired by Graneheim and Lundman was used.
Results: The analysis derived five themes: “Symptoms and thoughts about the diagnosis and CPAP treatment”, “Expectations and personal resources are important for success”, “The experience of problems and benefit from CPAP treatment”, “Social impact of CPAP treatment” and “Information and support from the sleep clinic.”
Conclusions: Newly diagnosed patients with obstructive sleep apnoea describe barriers to successful CPAP treatment as lack of support from their partner and problems with the equipment. Important facilitators are positive expectations, partner support, and noticeable treatment effects. Early follow-up support, a biopsychosocial approach, and relatives' involvement in the sleep clinic consultations are needed to support patients toward successful CPAP treatment.