bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temas de Saúde Coletiva
Authors: Santos Ingrid Giarola Matias dos , Toledo Max Jean de Ornelas , Matick Fernanda Campanerutti Calegari , Campanerut-Sa Paula Aline Zanetti , Narita Emília , Remondi Felipe Assan
Published: October 2024

Tema 1: Perfil de pacientes com suporte nutricional que sobreviveram à COVID-19  e ventilação mecênica em um hospital do norte do paraná
O suporte nutricional enteral é a principal opção de nutrição para pacientes em ventilação mecânica devido à gravidade de seu estado e incapacidade de comer normalmente. Frequentemente, esses pacientes enfrentam complicações graves, incluindo infecções, falência de órgãos, hospitalização prolongada e risco de morte devido ao estresse metabólico elevado. Nesses casos, a terapia nutricional precoce deve ser iniciada em até 48 horas após a admissão na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) ou até 12 horas após a intubação.
Tema 2: Perfil de pacientes com suporte nutricional que sobreviveram à COVID-19 e ventilação mecânica em um hospital do norte do Paraná
O suporte nutricional enteral é a principal opção de nutrição para pacientes em ventilação mecânica devido à gravidade de seu estado e incapacidade de comer normalmente. Frequentemente, esses pacientes enfrentam complicações graves, incluindo infecções, falência de órgãos, hospitalização prolongada e risco de morte devido ao estresse metabólico elevado. Nesses casos, a terapia nutricional precoce deve ser iniciada em até 48 horas após a admissão na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) ou até 12 horas após a intubação.
Tema 3: Métodos para avaliação de competências de profissionais de saúde sobre letramento em saúde
O Letramento em Saúde (LS) é um conceito importante no contexto do cuidado em saúde, por refletir habilidades cognitivas e sociais que determinam a capacidade dos indivíduos de compreender e utilizar informações na promoção de sua própria saúde. Os profissionais de saúde desempenham papel central no processo de desenvolvimento do LS dos pacientes, promovendo o autocuidado e a obtenção de melhores resultados terapêuticos. Neste contexto, é importante ter parâmetros que possam avaliar a capacidade dos profissionais sobre LS, englobando conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes para utilização do conceito. Identificar lacunas e barreiras sobre o tema são os primeiros passos para o delineamento de ações para qualificação do cuidado prestado.
Temas de morfologia
Authors: Souza Erbson Rogerio de , Sant´ana Débora de Mello Gonçales , Rinaldi Jaqueline de Carvalho , Zanoni Jacqueline Nelisis , Palma Rigo Kezia , Hernandes Luzmarina , Perles Juliana Vanessa Colombo Martins , Kaneshima Alice Maria de Souza , Rinaldi Jaqueline , Melo Silvana Regina de , Martins-Pinge Marli Cardoso , Nogueira Melo Gessilda de Alcantara , Svidzinski Terezinh Inez Estivalet
Published: October 2024

A esquizofrenia é um transtorno mental que possui seu início no final da adolescência, estima-se mundialmente, que 21 milhões de pessoas vivam com esquizofrenia. O agente patogênico melhor estudado relacionado a esquizofrenia é Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), sendo este um protozoário intracelular obrigatório distribuído em todo o mundo. Normalmente ele provoca um quadro agudo assintomático em seres humanos imunocompetentes, formando cistos na infecção crônica, que são distribuídos por diferentes órgãos, entre eles no Sistema Nervoso Central.
Microbiomes: connecting ecosystems
Authors: Fernando W. G. Dilantha , Weerasinghe Vinuri
Published: October 2024

No abstract available
Auditory and visual hallucinations in an adolescent following orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: Chandradasa M. , Abeyrathne M. , Sithara P. , Kodithuwakku K. , Fernando M.
Published: October 2024

No abstract available
Can we be complacent about sexual misconduct in the medical profession?
Authors: Monaragala R.
Published: October 2024

No abstract available
Coeditor Dulshika Waas interviews Dr Diyanath Samarasinghe, a former don at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo
Authors: Waas Dulshika
Published: October 2024

No abstract available
Dr Sherva Cooray – a life entwined with psychiatry and service
Authors: Williams Shehan , Mendis Jayan
Published: October 2024

No abstract available
Comprehensive review of salmonellosis: current status of the disease and future perspectives
Authors: Alhumaidan Ohoud S.
Published: October 2024

Salmonellosis is a significant public health concern in Saudi Arabia, with various serovars of Salmonella causing outbreaks and infections. The disease's clinical presentation includes common symptoms such as diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps, with potential complications in severe cases. Diagnosing salmonellosis in Saudi Arabia involves a combination of traditional laboratory methods and molecular techniques to ensure accurate identification and treatment. Preventive measures and control strategies, including vaccination campaigns, food safety protocols, and public health education, have been implemented to mitigate the spread of salmonellosis. Challenges such as antimicrobial resistance, limited healthcare resources in rural areas, and underreporting of cases persist and impact the effective management of the disease. Recommendations for improving salmonellosis prevention and management include enhancing surveillance, implementing public health education campaigns, strengthening food safety regulations, promoting antimicrobial stewardship, investing in research, improving healthcare infrastructure, and fostering collaboration and coordination between sectors. Implementing these recommendations can help Saudi Arabia effectively address the challenges posed by salmonellosis and reduce the burden of the disease on public health.
Single-port extra-peritoneal robotic radical prostatectomy in a patient with hostile abdomen
Authors: Sobhani Sina , Hemal Sij
Published: October 2024

This video explores the technique and outcomes of robotic radical prostatectomy (RP) using the da Vinci single-port robot in a 42-year-old obese male with localized intermediate-risk prostate cancer and a prior history of extensive abdominal surgeries. The patient was placed in a supine position, with minimal Trendelenburg, and an extraperitoneal approach was taken, the abdominal cavity was not entered, and standardized steps of robotic RP were executed. The surgery lasted 190 min and the blood loss was 100 mL. The patient was discharged on the postoperative day 1, and the prostate-specific antigen was undetectable after 6 months and he had excellent functional outcomes.
Postpercutaneous nephrolithotomy pseudoaneurysm embolization – Immediate endovascular coil migration into the pelvicalyceal system causing obstruction
Authors: Vincent D. Paul , Ravichandran R. , Gupta Abhineet
Published: October 2024

Bleeding is the most dreaded complication after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). We report a case of post PCNL hematuria managed with selective angioembolization of the pseudoaneurysm. During the embolization, the emolization coil along with the glue migrated into the pelvicalyceal system from the pseudoaneurysmal cavity. The pseudoaneurysm was again embolized using cyanoacrylate glue and a screening computed tomography was immediately performed which showed the migrated coil along with the glue into the pelvicalyceal system resulting in pelviureteric junction obstruction. The coil was retrieved endoscopically, after the patient was stabilized. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an immediate migration of the coil and the urologists should be aware of it.
The use of amniotic membrane injection as an adjunct in endoscopic urethral stricture management
Authors: Pryde Nicholas , Vercnocke Jack , Lutchka Jonathan , Liaw Aron , Sessine Michael , Dhar Nivedita
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Endoscopic urethral stricture treatment has high recurrence rates. Due to research supporting amniotic membrane’s (AMs) anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties reducing scar tissue formation, AM has generated interest in reconstructive urethral surgery. To the best of our knowledge, we performed the first investigation of the success rate of urethral dilation when combined with micronized AM injection for the treatment of urethral stricture.

Methods:

Eligible patients were adult males with anterior strictures meeting strict criteria for diameter, length, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and flow rate. Micronized AM was injected in the stricture region during urethral dilation. The primary study endpoint was an anatomical success (≥14Fr) at 6 months. Secondary endpoints were evaluated with the IPSS, urethral stricture surgery – patient-related outcome measure, International Index of Erectile Function, flow rate, and postvoid residual. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and multiple points postinjection. Injection safety was analyzed.

Results:

Ten men with a mean age of 52 years were included in the study. At 6 months, 7 of 10 patients demonstrated recurrence of the urethral stricture on cystoscopy. Improvements in secondary endpoints were noted in 10 of 10 patients at 3 months and 3 of 10 patients at 6 months. No adverse events were observed.

Conclusions:

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating micronized AM injection as an adjunct treatment at the time of urethral dilation. The urethral stricture recurrence rate did not improve with the injection of AM despite the hypothesized benefits of anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties.
Knowledge and Practice of Diagnostic Reference Levels, Radiation Protection, and Safety among Dental Professionals and Dental Undergraduate Students in the United Arab Emirates: A Multicentric Study
Authors: David Leena R. , Luke Alexander Maningat , Anithadevi TS , England Andrew , McEntee Mark , Ravichandran Sneha , Uthman Asmaa T , Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Al-Bayatti Saad , Sukumar Suresh , Shetty Shishir Ram
Published: October 2024

Background:

Dental radiographic examinations deliver low doses of radiation with low biological risks; however, low doses can lead to a cumulative risk. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) indicate typical practice in a country or region. Surveys to establish DRLs can help acquire dose information, and less attention to DRLs can have consequences for the patient and dental workers. This study aims to determine the knowledge and practice of DRLs, radiation protection, and safety among dental professionals and dental undergraduate students in the United Arab Emirates.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was distributed among dental students, general dental practitioners, dental faculty, and radiographers from dental universities in the United Arab Emirates. This study assessed the knowledge and practice of radiation safety of 221 participants.

Results:

Among the surveyed respondents, 58 (26.2%) had a good level of knowledge, 94 (42.50%) had an average level, and 69 (31.2%) had a poor level. 30.3% of the respondents were aware of the DRLs in dental radiography. Only 10 survivors were able to accurately mention the national DRL for intraoral adult radiography. The level of knowledge is significantly associated with age (P < 0.0001), year of experience (P < 0.0001), and professional development courses (P = 0.024). Almost half had an average level of practice, 30.8% a good level and 22.6% a low level. The level of practice is influenced by age (P = 0.001), qualification (P = 0.034), and experience (P = 0.022).

Conclusions:

Knowledge of DRLs, radiation protection, and safety is adequate among the sample surveyed. However, translation of this knowledge into practice is lacking, which warrants the need for further training and enhancement of dental health-care workers.
Age- and Gender-Related Variations in Cortical Bone Density of the Mandible using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Central Indian Population
Authors: Hinagankar Tanvi , Patel Shraddha , Patel Aditya , Mohod Swapnil C , Reche Amit , Lohe Vidya
Published: October 2024

Background:

“A radiographic imaging technique called cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables precise three-dimensional (3D) visualization of hard tissue features. It is the most significant of the recently created dental diagnostic imaging modalities. There is, however, a lack of information on the correlation among mandibular cortical bone radiography density, including age and sex. Hence, the goal of this project was to use CBCT to estimate the cortical bone density of the mandible for age and sex variations in the population of central India.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective research involving 300 patients was carried out. Patients arrived from the radiology and oral medicine divisions. The CBCT scans were divided into three age groups: those between the ages of 31–50, 51–70, and those older than 70.” The picture archiving and communication system was used to retrieve the images from the system. We determine the mandibular cortical bone radiography density on the CBCT using regions of interest.

Results:

The CBCT-measured cortical bone radiographic density was substantially linked by age. In addition, young males (1600 ± 129.63) had considerably higher cortical bone radiography density than young females (1366.95 ± 197.46), old men (1480.70 ± 189.59), and elderly females (962.38 ± 138.50).

Conclusion:

Mandibular cortical bone density is higher in males than females. Age-related alterations in the cortical bone of the jaw were examined using CBCT. In addition, CBCT analysis of the mandibular cortical bone could help recognize risk factors for declining bone mineral density. CBCT changes in the cortical bone of the mandible with aging. In addition, employing CBCT to assess the mandibular cortical bone could help identify risk factors for declining bone mineral density.
Competency Mapping of Key Stakeholders in Procurement and Contracting of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program Goods and Services in an Eastern Indian State
Authors: Samal Janmejaya , Preetha G. S. , Mondal Arnab , Kumar R. Praveen
Published: October 2024

Background:

The National Tuberculosis Elimination Program is a complex program, and the program officers are involved in the procurement and contracting of goods and services under it. A competency mapping was conducted to highlight the current capacity gaps in contract management at state and district levels under the program.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted with 15 participants involved in procurement and contracting in two districts of the state using a semi-structured questionnaire, and results were presented using the descriptive statistical analysis.

Results:

A total of 15 different stakeholders from the National Health Mission, State and District Tuberculosis (TB) Cell, State TB Training and Demonstration Centre, and State Medical Corporation participated in the study. The participants had an average of 10.3 years of experience in contracting, and 20% of them had received some training on contracting. The capacity of these respondents varied based on their involvement, previous training (s) received, and technical background. It was further observed that most of the respondents suggested an in-person physical training instead of virtual training. Most of the respondents requested to issue training certificate. Some of the topics that the participants requested for further training include Digital Signature Certification, Government e-Marketplace, General Financial Rule, Public Financial Management System, monitoring of performance indicators, and bid evaluation techniques. Moreover, 92% of the respondents felt that there is a training need on procurement and contracting.

Conclusions:

Many a time, the program officers come from a technical background not relevant to the contracting and procurement of goods and services and require regular on-the-job support and training to aid in effective program delivery.
Evaluation of Preference toward Cone-beam Computed Tomography versus Orthopantomography among Various Specialty Dental Practices – A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Rajasekar A. Benjamin , Lakshmi Krithika Chandrasekar , Ganesan Anuradha , Sivakumar Sasidharan , Gauthaman Jeevitha
Published: October 2024

Aim and Objectives:

In the recent years, the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in dentistry has been consistently increasing. There is a need to evaluate the changing trend of preference and the purpose of its utilization. The purpose of this survey is to analyse the preference of OPG and CBCT among dentists in the Tamil Nadu population.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional online survey research using questionnaire was done. The survey provider used for the study is Google Forms. Twenty closed-ended e-questionnaires were created and were validated by five experts from different institutions on a 4-point Likert scale for clarity, comprehensibility, and appropriateness for the target group and for content validity. Internal validation was performed with n = 30, and Cronbach testing was good and reliable, with an alpha value of 0.85. The internal consistency was found to be good and acceptable. Chi-square analysis and Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed in our study to simplify the complex domains using statistical procedures to explore the underlying dimensions and relationships between multiple variables in detail.

Results:

Our results showed that there was a statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) acceptance of CBCT as an ideal diagnostic tool irrespective of the type of practice and the years of expertise. SEM showed that the oral medicine and surgery domains were more likely to prefer CBCT. The periodontal domain may be more likely to choose OPG over CBCT.

Conclusion:

At this point in time, although CBCT is preferred as an ideal diagnostic tool, most dentists opt for OPG over CBCT for diagnostic evaluation. It is recommended that dentists implement CBCT beyond OPG for diagnostic procedures for precise treatment outcome based on guidelines and patient preferences.
Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Strengthening Exercises in Females with Stress Urinary Incontinence – A Systematic Review
Authors: Tanwar Bharti , Rani Vandana , Chaturvedi Rekha , Kaur Jaspreet , Malik Manoj , Arora Garima , Singh Divya
Published: October 2024

Background:

Urinary incontinence (UI) is an unpleasant and socially constrained disorder that affects one in three women. Stress UI (SUI) is the most prevalent type of UI and is identified in 50% of affected women. The main objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the updated literature exploring the effectiveness of pelvic floor strengthening exercises and their dosimetry in women with SUI.

Methods:

Randomized controlled trials published between January 2013 and February 2023 and in English were included in this review. Case reports, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and studies published in languages other than English were excluded from the study. Databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) were used to locate the literature. The quality of the data included was evaluated using PEDro scoring, and the risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated using RoB 2, a modified Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.

Results:

After screening, 12 studies were selected and included for qualitative analysis for the review. The findings of this review showed that pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) exercises are an effective intervention for treating symptoms of SUI and improving quality of life whether used in combination or isolation. It is also suggested that a minimum of 12 supervised sessions of PFMT with a frequency of three times a week is suggestive to be an effective intervention and can be seen as a first line of treatment of SUI. It can be concluded that the PFMT is an effective intervention to treat the symptoms of SUI in females.

Registration and Protocol:

The systematic review applied for registration in PROSPERO but declined the registration because of an excessive inflow of trials that needed to be registered in PROSPERO as it was not accepting trials other than COVID-19 trials.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Anterolateral Ligament Tear in Association with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear: A Review
Authors: Varma Amruta Dinesh , Dhande Rajasbala Pradeep , Mishra Gaurav Vedprakash , Pattabiraman Suhasini
Published: October 2024

Anterolateral ligament evaluation on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a relatively recent topic, which has come into the limelight in the last decade. The objective of this review article is to study the association of anterolateral ligament tear in anterior cruciate ligament tear on 1.5 T MRI, which can aid in planning the reconstruction procedure.
Evaluation and Comparison of the Root Surface Microtopography Following the Use of Gracey Curettes, Piezo-ceramic Scalers, and Piezo-surgery Scalers: An In vitro Study
Authors: Padole Aparajita Yuvraj , Rathod Varsha , Rao Prajakta , Buva Kirti
Published: October 2024

Background:

Nonsurgical periodontal therapy plays a pivotal role in comprehensive periodontal treatment by effectively removing plaque and calculus through both supragingival and subgingival scaling and root surface debridement. This therapeutic approach encompasses methods aimed at curbing infection, restoring lost tissue integrity, and preserving a healthy periodontium. The ultimate objective of scaling and root planing (SRP) is realized through manual or power-driven scalers.

Objectives:

This study aims to assess and contrast the microtopography of root surfaces following in vitro SRP using the Gracey curette, Piezo-ceramic ultrasonic scaler, and Piezo-surgery ultrasonic scaler.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized in vitro investigation was conducted at Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai. Thirty freshly extracted adult human single-rooted teeth, encompassing incisors, canines, and premolars were procured from the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery outpatient department. The teeth were categorized into three groups: Group A – Gracey curette 7/8 (n = 10), Group B – Piezo-ceramic ultrasonic scaler (Universal insert) (n = 10), and Group C – Piezo-surgery scaler PS1 (n = 10). The evaluation was conducted using electron scanning microscopy (ESEM) and confocal analysis post-SRP. Each tooth was sectioned longitudinally into mesial and distal halves, resulting in 20 samples per group. A demarcation line was established on the middle third of the root surface, distinguishing the test area (T) (coronal) from the control area (C) (apical). In the electron scanning microscopy (ESEM) analysis subset, a notch was created on the upper right corner below the cementoenamel junction in 10 samples from each group. The remaining samples (n = 10 from each group) were not notched for confocal microscopic analysis. Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis was conducted at the Indian Institute of Technology facility in Powai, Mumbai.

Results:

The overall findings indicated nonsignificant differences among the three groups in the t-test area when examined at × 500 using confocal microscopy and ESEM. However, at × 1000 using ESEM, Group C (Piezo-surgery scaler) exhibited a significantly greater mean surface roughness compared to Group A (Gracey curette) and Group B (Piezo-ceramic ultrasonic scaler) in the t-test area.

Conclusion:

The Piezo-surgery PS1 root planning tip yields the smoothest root surface following SRP, as indicated by the study’s outcomes.
Clinical Presentation and Management of Hypothalamic Hamartomas: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Maurya Ved Prakash , Quiñones-Ossa Gabriel Alexander , Deivasigamani Balachandar , Das Saikat , Sutar Roshan F. , Wakode Santosh L. , Shetty Abhishek , Mishra Rakesh , Agrawal Amit
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are composed of abnormally distributed but cytologically normal cellular elements. This disease typically manifests in infancy with gelastic seizures characterized by outbursts of mechanical laughter (mirthless laughter), altered or retained consciousness, refractory to antiepileptic, and later progresses to behavioral and cognitive disturbances and secondary seizure types. A systematic review of the literature on the clinical presentation and management of HHs. A literature search was carried out in electronic databases such as PubMed, COCHRANE, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, which included the studies reported on “hypothalamic,” “hamartoma,” and “epilepsy,” as well as the outcome with full texts in English. Letters, case reports, reviews, preclinical studies, conference proceedings, protocols, and nonhuman studies were excluded. Duplicates were removed in EndNote X7, and titles and abstracts of all listed articles were scanned. Data analysis of all included studies indicates that smaller lesions result in better outcomes and stereotactic laser ablative procedures have the highest Engel class I outcome percentage. Delalande type II lesions are much more common (n=201) followed by type III (n = 182), IV (n = 71), and I (n = 50). Stereotactic laser ablation is safe for large lesions. HHs can be treated safely when they are small. Therefore, early identification and intervention play a major role. This also prevents the seizure progression, leading to morbidity. SLA has fewer complications and increased seizure-free survival compared to other modalities of treatment.
Value of plasma alpha- and beta-synuclein levels in the diagnosis, severity, and functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Fırtına Özge Başak , Salt Ömer , Sayhan Mustafa Burak , Dibirdik Ilker , Yucal Aykut
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE:

We aimed to determine the role of plasma alpha- and beta-synuclein levels and other routine inflammatory parameters in the diagnosis, outcome, and mortality of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

METHODS:

In our study, serum alpha- and beta-synuclein levels and clinical data were prospectively evaluated in 93 subjects (43 controls and 50 AIS patients) admitted to the emergency department. The outcome status and prognostic classification were performed according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores on the 30th day from hospital admission.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the subjects was 70.6 ± 11 years. Thirty-eight percentage were female. Plasma α-synuclein levels in the AIS group (33.6 ± 8.5 ng/mL) were significantly higher than those in the control group (4.22 ± 2.1 ng/mL) (P < 0.001). Plasma β-synuclein levels in the AIS group (13.07 ± 2.7 ng/mL) were significantly higher than those in the control group (2.17 ± 1.4 ng/mL) (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in alpha- and beta-synuclein levels between the subgroups formed according to the 30th-day results of the patients using the mRS scores (P = 0.813 and 0.812, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

The serum alpha- and beta-synuclein concentrations of patients with AIS at admission were significantly higher than the healthy control group. At admission, serum alpha- and beta-synuclein levels do not have definitive clinically predictive value in predicting stroke progression and outcome in patients with AIS.
Incidence and risk factors of acute mountain sickness during ascent to Hoh Xil and the physiological responses before and after acclimatization
Authors: Ouyang Qing , Yang Yuting , Zou Dongbo , Peng Yuping , Zhang Wenxin , Yang Yongjian , Ma Yuan
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES:

Ascending to altitudes >2500 m may lead to acute mountain sickness (AMS).

METHODS:

The demographics, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol consumption of 104 healthy controls were collected in Chengdu (500 m). Heart rate (HR), saturation of pulse oxygen (SpO2), and AMS-related symptoms were collected in Hoh Xil (4200 m). A headache with Lake Louise score ≥3 was defined as AMS.

RESULTS:

The incidence of AMS was 60.58%. AMS group had a lower SpO2 and higher HR than non-AMS group. Alcohol consumption seemed a risk factor for AMS. There was no difference in the BMI, age, height, weight, and smoking between AMS and non-AMS groups. The most common AMS symptom was headache, followed by dyspnea, insomnia, dizziness, lassitude, and anorexia. Women were prone to suffer from dizziness. The value of SpO2 and HR was improved both in AMS and non-AMS groups after hypoxia acclimatization, and the value showed greater improvement in AMS group. Oxygen therapy decreased the AMS-induced tachycardia, which had no any effect on SpO2 and symptom alleviating time.

CONCLUSION:

Lower SpO2 and higher HR following exposure to high altitude were associated with AMS susceptibility. The anthropometric data changes were larger in AMS group than non-AMS group before and after hypoxia acclimatization.
Comparative analysis of Glasgow Coma Scale, quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment, base excess, and lactate for mortality prediction in critically ill emergency department patients
Authors: Meral Gürbüz , Ardıç Şenol , Günay Serkan , Güzel Kadir , Köse Ahmet , Durmuş Hülya Gençbay , Uysal Serhat , Coşkun Aydın
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES:

It is crucial to promptly identify high-mortality patients in emergency departments and initiate their treatment as soon as possible. Although many parameters have been studied to select patients with high mortality, no comprehensive evaluation exists in previous literature on these parameters in critically ill patients, regardless of patient groups. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), blood gas base excess (BE), and blood gas lactate in predicting mortality in critically ill patients admitted to the emergency department.

METHODS:

This prospective observational cohort study included adult patients with Emergency Severity Index 1–2 (critically ill) admitted to the emergency department. All patients were evaluated by the physician within 10 min, and blood gas samples were taken. The data collection forms recorded the patients’ GCS and qSOFA scores at the time of first evaluation by the physician. The qSOFA score assessment was performed in all patients with ESI levels 1 and 2, regardless of whether infective pathology was suspected. Blood gas BE and lactate values were also from laboratory test results. Patients or their relatives were contacted by phone at the end of the 1st month to obtain information about the clinical condition (survival or mortality).

RESULTS:

A total of 868 patients were included, with 163 deaths observed within 30 days. GCS score, qSOFA score, and lactate value were significant in predicting mortality within 30 days. While the BE value was significant for predicting 30-day mortality for values equal to or below the lower limit of −1.5 (P < 0.001), it was not significant for values equal to or above the upper limit of +3 (P > 0.05). The most successful prediction model for predicting 30-day mortality was found to be qSOFA with a cutoff value of ≥1.

CONCLUSION:

In emergency departments, each of the GCS, qSOFA scores, BE, and lactate values can be used independently as a practical mortality prediction model in critically ill patients. Among these four models, qSOFA is the most successful practical mortality prediction model in critically ill patients.
Compatible pants decomposition for $\mathrm{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{C})$ representations of surface groups
Authors: Detcherry Renaud , Le Fils Thomas , Santharoubane Ramanujan
Published: October 2024

For any irreducible representation of a surface group into

\mathrm{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{C})

, we show that there exists a pants decomposition where the restriction to any pair of pants is irreducible and where no curve of the decomposition is sent to a trace

\pm 2

element. We prove a similar property for

\mathrm{SO}_{3}

-representations. We also investigate the type of pants decomposition that can occur in this setting for a given representation. This result was announced by Detcherry and Santharoubane (2022), motivated by the study of the Azumaya locus of the skein algebra of surfaces at roots of unity.
Приближенный поиск $k$-го порядкового расстояния в системе
точек единичного квадрата
Authors: Kaymakov Kirill , Malyshev Dmitriy Sergeevich
Published: October 2024

Для заданных $P=(p_1,…,p_n)$ - набора точек единичного квадрата и числа
$1\leqslant k\leqslant \binom{n}{2}$ в данной работе рассматривается задача поиска $k$-го
порядкового расстояния между элементами $P$ в $\ell_s$-норме, где $s\in\{1,\infty\}$.
Иными словами, рассматривается задача поиска такого минимального $d_k$, что выполнено
$\sum_{i<j}\mathbb I(\|p_i,p_j\|_s\le d_k)\ge k$, где $\mathbb I$ -
индикаторная функция и $s\in\{1,\infty\}$. В настоящей работе для любого $\epsilon>0$
предлагается $\epsilon$-приближенный алгоритм со сложностью
$O(n\log n\log(1/\epsilon))$ для вычисления $d_k$.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Исключительные множества целых функций вполне регулярного роста
Authors: Krivosheev Aleksandr Sergeevich , Krivosheeva Olesya Aleksandrovna
Published: October 2024

В работе изучаются последовательности комплексных чисел уточненного порядка. Допускаются кратные члены у таких последовательностей.
Рассматриваются комплексные последовательности с конечной максимальной плотностью при заданном уточненном порядке.
Строятся специальные покрытия кратных множеств $\{\lambda_k,n_k\}$, состоящие из кругов с центрами в точках $\lambda_k$ специальных радиусов.
В частности, строятся покрытия, связные компоненты которых имеют относительно малый диаметр, а также покрытия, которые
являются $C_0$-множествами. Эти покрытия выступают в роли исключительных множеств для целых функций конечного уточненного
порядка и вполне регулярного роста. Вне этих множеств получено представление логарифма модуля целой функции. Ранее подобное
представление было получено Б. Я. Левиным вне исключительного множества, относительно которого утверждается лишь его существование.
В отличие от этого в данной работе приводится простое конструктивное построение исключительного множества.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Об одной задаче Берже
Authors: Sabitov Idzhad Khakovich
Published: October 2024

Приводится пример двух неконгруентных изометричных аналитических компактных
поверхностей как положительный ответ на вопрос М. Берже о существовании таких
поверхностей.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Равномерно выпуклые конус-пространства и свойства выпуклых множеств в них
Authors: Tsar'kov Igor' Germanovich
Published: October 2024

В несимметричных равномерно выпуклых конус-пространствах изучаются различные аппроксимативные свойства выпуклых множеств аналогичные свойствам в банаховых пространствах. Удается перенести известные для банаховых пространств результаты на случай конус-пространств. Получены условия непустоты пересечения выпуклых ограниченных замкнутых множеств.
Библиография: 29 названий.
The Application of Culturomics to Explore African Skin Microbiota
Authors: Ndiaye Codou , Bassene Hubert , Fonkou Maxime Descartes Mbogning , Fenollar Florence , Lagier Jean Christophe , Raoult Didier , Sokhna Cheikh
Published: October 2024

Over the past 12 years, culturomics, a high-throughput culture method, has been developed, considerably widening the repertoire of known cultured bacteria. An exhaustive database, including a list of microbes isolated by culture from human skin, was recently established by performing a review of the literature. The aim of the present study was to use the culturomics approach to explore the African skin microbiota. Skin swabs from the palms of human hands were collected between January and December 2016 from healthy subjects from the villages of Dielmo and Ndiop in rural Senegal. Three culture media were selected for the isolation of bacteria in aerobic conditions. Bacterial colonies were subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectroscopy and the 16 S rRNA gene was sequenced for unidentified colonies. A total of 176 bacterial species were isolated. This increased the repertoire of bacterial species on the skin by 14.0%, by adding 71 bacteria, including seven new species. The culturomics approach characterizing microbial diversity has significantly changed our view of the skin microbiota, raising many important questions about the host-microorganism relationship and its relevance to skin diseases. In particular, the difference between the palm microbiota of these African populations (composed mainly of the genera Staphylococcus, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, and Microbacterium) and that of Western populations, whose main genera are Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium, Micrococcus, Corynebacterium, Enhydrobacter, and Streptococcus. This study demonstrates the need to continue to explore the skin microbiome using the culturomics approach
A Comprehensive Assessment of Quality of Antimalarial Medicines in Mainland Tanzania: Insights from Five Years of Postmarket Surveillance
Authors: Mlugu Eulambius M. , Mhagama Jacob , Matiko Damas , Agustine Siya , Nandonde Moses , Masunga Emmanuel , Kunambi Peter P. , Sangeda Raphael Zozimus , Mwalwisi Yonah H. , Fimbo Adam
Published: October 2024

Sustainable access to high-quality antimalarial medicines is pivotal to achieving universal and effective malaria control. Poor-quality antimalarial medicines are prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, impeding malaria control initiatives and claiming the lives of many children. Regular monitoring of the quality of antimalarial medicines is crucial to ensure the quality of service to the community. A cross-sectional study using a postmarket surveillance (PMS) approach was conducted from 2019 to 2023. Samples were collected from the port of entry, local manufacturers, and various distribution outlets in 15 regions of mainland Tanzania. The samples were subjected to tier 1 evaluation, comprising a product information review (PIR) and identification using the Global Pharma Health Fund-Minilab® techniques. Samples that failed the identification tests and 10% of the samples from distribution outlets that passed the tests were subjected to confirmatory testing (tier 2), which included assays, related substances, dissolution, and sterility per the pharmacopeial monographs. During five annual PMSs, 2,032 antimalarial samples were collected and subjected to quality tests. All samples complied with the standard specifications for identity, dissolution, related substances, sterility, physical evaluation, disintegration, and assay. A total of 292 (55.5%) tested samples failed the PIR evaluation, with incomplete package information in leaflets contributing to 64.7% of all deviations. Antimalarial medicines circulating in the mainland Tanzanian market meet expected quality standards. Continuous monitoring of the quality of antimalarial medicines is recommended.
Serologic Evidence for Early SARS–CoV-2 Circulation in Lima, Peru, 2020
Authors: Moreira-Soto Andres , García Maria Paquita , Arotinco-Garayar Gloria , Figueroa-Romero Dana , Merino-Sarmiento Nancy , Marcelo-Ñique Adolfo , Málaga-Trillo Edward , Cabezas Sanchez César , Drexler Jan Felix
Published: October 2024

During early 2021, Peru had the highest COVID-19–associated per-capita mortality rate. Socioeconomic inequality, insufficiently prepared healthcare, and surveillance systems are factors explaining the mortality rate, which can be severely worsened by early undetected SARS–CoV-2 circulation. We tested 1,441 individuals with fever sampled during August 2019–May 2021, several months before the first SARS–CoV-2 seroprevalence study available so far in Lima, Peru, for SARS–CoV-2–specific antibodies. The testing algorithm included a chemiluminescence immunoassay and surrogate virus neutralization test. Early positive samples (N = 24) from January–March 2020 were further tested using a plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT) and avidity test against the SARS–CoV-2 spike and nucleoprotein. None of the early samples were PRNT-confirmed, in contrast to 81.8% (18/22) of a subsample from April 2020 onward (Fisher exact test; P <0.0001). Therefore, we excluded non-PRNT–confirmed samples from subsequent analyses. The SARS–CoV-2 antibody detection rate was 0.9% in mid-April 2020 (1/104; 95% CI: 0.1–5.8%), suggesting viral circulation in early-middle March 2020, consistent with the first molecular detection of SARS–CoV-2 in Peru on March 2020. Mean avidity increase of 62–77% to 81–94% from all PRNT-confirmed SARS–CoV-2–positive samples during early 2020 were consistent with onset of SARS–CoV-2 circulation during late February/March 2020. Early circulation was also confirmed in a susceptible, exposed, infected, and recovered mathematical model that calculated an effective reproduction number >1 during February–March 2020. Early introduction of SARS-CoV-2 thus contributed to the high COVID-19 mortality rate in Peru. Emphasizing the role of diagnostic confirmation in understanding the pandemic’s trajectory, this study highlights the importance of early detection and accurate testing in managing infectious disease outbreaks.
Developing a GeoGebra-Based Teaching Module on Quadrilateral Area and Perimeter to Enhance Seventh-Grade Students' Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Zaimah Husnuz , Siswono Tatag Yuli Eko , Prastiti Tri Dyah
Published: October 2024

Objective: Seventh-grade students often need help to grasp the concepts of area and perimeter, particularly when applied to real-world problems requiring critical thinking. This difficulty highlights a need for engaging and effective teaching resources beyond traditional methods. Method: This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model to design, develop, and evaluate a GeoGebra-based teaching module explicitly targeting the area and perimeter of quadrilaterals. The module, designed to foster critical thinking, underwent rigorous validation by media and material experts before being tested for practicality and effectiveness with seventh-grade students. Result: The GeoGebra-based teaching module was valid and practical, receiving high scores from expert evaluations and user feedback. More importantly, the module's implementation positively impacted students' critical thinking skills related to area and perimeter, as evidenced by significant improvement between their pre-intervention and post-intervention assessments. Novelty: This study provides valuable evidence for the efficacy of GeoGebra-based teaching modules in significantly improving critical thinking skills within a specific mathematical context. It addresses a critical gap in existing educational resources by offering a validated, practical, and effective tool that can be adapted to elevate mathematical understanding and cognitive skills in middle school education
The Road to Better Assessment: Unleashing the Potential of Feedback Literacy Through Bibliometric Analysis in Education
Authors: Sunarto M.J. Dewiyani , Kisoworo Angen Yudho , Lemantara Julianto
Published: October 2024

Objective: Feedback literacy is a fundamental skill in education that supports academic success, personal growth, and the development of lifelong learning skills. It improves the educational experience by encouraging a culture of improvement and effective communication. Feedback literacy enhances students' learning by leveraging their ability to evaluate feedback. This research analyzes articles on Feedback Literacy using Bibliometric Analysis to explore topic development and research potential. Method: descriptive research that Bibliometric Analysis processes. Results: 106 articles on feedback literacy from 2012 to 2022 were mined from Database Scopus,  with the United Kingdom being the leading country contributing to this topic. The most active authors are Paul Sutton and David Carless. The latest trends in feedback literacy are associated with self-assessment, student engagement, socio-material aspects, and interprofessional education. Novelty: The novelty in exploring articles related to feedback literacy is the research associated with individual differences in learning, as each student always desires to be treated differently, especially when receiving feedback and giving feedback to other classmates
The Effect of Educational Games on Fine Motor Ability For Children Aged 4-5 Years in Kindergarten
Authors: Susfiandari Valenta , Jannah Miftakhul , Fitri Ruqoyah
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to know the influence of educational games on the abilities of children 4–5 years old in the garden.​​ Method: Design used in study This is a nonrandomized pretest-posttest control design where two groups are group experiments and group control with a quantitative approach. These research subjects are Child Group A at Al Falah Assalam Kindergarten, which has as many as 26 students as class experiments, and Children Group A at Kindergarten Al Falah Darussalam, which has as many as 26 students as class control. Deep data analysis techniques use non-parametric statistics, such as the Mann-Whitney Test. Results: This research showed that educational games have influenced young children aged 4-5 years. This is known from the results of the posttest carried out in the control class, where the increase was not significant, like the results of the posttest carried out in the experimental class, which previously carried out treatment activities. Novelty: The novelty of this research is using educational games to play in real life so that young children can touch and feel. This educational game can be used to introduce not only letters but also numbers, shapes, and colors.
The Effectiveness of The Problem-Based Learning Model on Student Learning Achievement in Islamic Education Learning
Authors: Damayanti Karisma , Effendi Mukhlison , Daryono Rihab Wit
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students' academic achievement in Islamic Education Learning in class VIII at MTs An-Nuur Trisono. Method: Using a pseudo-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design, the study involved two classes: one experimental group that followed Islamic Education Learning with PBL, and one control group with conventional models. Data was collected through tests covering Islamic Education Learning's subject matter. Results:  Statistical analysis showed a significant increase in students' learning outcomes using PBL (65.6%) compared to the conventional model (41.2%). Novelty: Students who engaged in PBL learning showed better concept understanding, application of moral values, and problem-solving skills. This study provides empirical support for the effectiveness of PBL in improving Islamic Education Learning's learning outcomes. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of applying innovative learning models such as PBL to improve the quality of Islamic religious education in secondary schools. The findings will guide teachers, schools, and education stakeholders in developing more effective learning approaches.
Validity of Local Wisdom-Based Insets Learning Model to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Senior High School Students
Authors: Oetpah Fincensius , Erman Erman , Rahayu Yuni Sri
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to produce a valid learning tool for the local wisdom-based insets model to improve the critical thinking skills of high school students. Method: This research uses the Instructional Design Model (IDM) 1) needs analysis, 2) design and development of prototypes, 3) validation of socio-scientific issues, and 4) testing of socio-scientific issues prototypes. socio-scientific issues validation, 4) socio-scientific issues prototype testing, 5) socio-scientific issues evaluation, 6) socio-scientific issues revision. Validity was measured based on validation results from three expert lecturers. Data analysis was done descriptively and quantitatively. Results:  The overall average test results of content validity with a very valid category, the overall average of construct validity with a very valid category, and the overall average validity of learning devices with a very valid category. The results showed that the insets model learning device based on local wisdom is valid for improving the critical thinking skills of high school students. Novelty: Students' critical thinking skills can be trained by integrating local wisdom-based insets learning model for 21st-century education.