bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of discharge checklist on guideline-directed medical therapy and mid-term prognosis in heart failure
Authors: Lee Won-Seok , Lee Kyu-Sun , Rismiati Helsi , Lee Hae-Young
Published: October 2024

Background/Aims: Despite the proven benefit of the guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), it remains underutilized in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure (HF). We aimed to evaluate the impact of the discharge checklist on GDMT installation and the prognosis of HF patients.Methods: This study was a single-center, observational study that included all patients admitted for HF from March 2021 to February 2023. The data were retrieved from electronic medical records and discharge checklists. A comparison was conducted between the checklist group and the non-checklist group. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality or readmission for HF within 6 months.Results: The checklist was completed for 537 patients (checklist group) and not for 187 patients (non-checklist group). The proportion of patients to whom two or more components of GDMT were prescribed was significantly higher in the checklist group than in the non-checklist group (59.6% vs 42.2%, p < 0.001). The checklist group exhibited a significantly lower primary outcome compared to the non-checklist group (27.4% vs. 36.4%, HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55–0.98, p = 0.036). The effect of the checklist was more prominent in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.34–0.77, p = 0.001) than in HF with mildly-reduced and preserved ejection fraction (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.58–1.42, p = 0.676) (p for interaction = 0.06).Conclusions: The implementation of the discharge checklist was associated with an improvement in GDMT prescription and an improved prognosis in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction.
Evolving epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in South Korea: incidence, prevalence, progression, and healthcare implications from 2010 to 2022
Authors: Park Jae Woo , Yoo Jeong-Ju , Lee Dong Hyeon , Chang Young , Jo Hoongil , Cho Young Youn , Lee Sangheun , Kim Log Young , Jang Jae Young ,   the Korean Association for the Study of the Liver
Published: October 2024

Background/Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), now the most common chronic liver worldwide, has become a significant public health concern. This study aims to analyze the evolving epidemiology of NAFLD in South Korea.Methods: We utilized claim data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2010 to 2022 to analyze NAFLD’s incidence, prevalence, and progression.Results: From 2010 to 2022, the incidence and prevalence rates of NAFLD each increased from 1.87% to 4.47% and from 10.49% to 17.13%, respectively. The differences in prevalence rates between urban and rural areas were minimal in 2012 and 2022, yet both areas showed significant increases in the prevalence of NAFLD over the decade. The NAFLD group had a higher prevalence of comorbidities compared to the control group, and the most common comorbid condition was hypertension. Moreover, the ten-year incidence rates of malignancy, heart disease, and stroke in the NAFLD group were 13.42%, 15.72%, and 8.36%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group. The incidence rates of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in NAFLD over 10 years were 2.22% and 0.77%, respectively. The total medical costs of NAFLD patients more than doubled over ten years and were all significantly higher than those of the control group.Conclusions: A significant increase in NAFLD prevalence and its impact on healthcare utilization was observed in South Korea. With NAFLD leading to serious liver diseases and increased healthcare costs, integrated care strategies that include both medical treatment and lifestyle modifications are essential.
Le refuge religieux en perspective. De l’Europe du Nord-Ouest aux mondes coloniaux ( XVI e - XVII e siècles)
Authors: Amalou Thierry
Published: October 2024

Définir les notions de refuge et d’asile invite à explorer l’historiographie des minorités religieuses, des migrations et des diasporas. À partir du xvi e siècle, le caractère religieux du refuge s’accentue, dans la mesure où il accueille les minorités persécutées pour leur foi, alors même que la pratique de l’asile est sécularisée par les États, les princes ou les villes. L’Europe du Nord-Ouest, avec des taux d’urbanisation élevés, offre un point d’observation privilégié à l’historien de ces phénomènes migratoires. Les migrations transnationales à finalité économique y ont aussi déterminé les circuits empruntés par les mobilités contraintes. Apprécier le rôle de l’exil dans le façonnement des identités religieuses demeure un champ d’étude fécond que stimule l’approche comparatiste.
Trois refuges huguenots aux XVI e et XVII e siècles : Calaisis, Hollande, Angleterre
Authors: Joblin Alain
Published: October 2024

Trois refuges huguenots se mettent en place en Europe du Nord-Ouest entre le milieu du xvi e siècle et le début du xviii e siècle. Il s’agit de la Hollande, de l’Angleterre et du Calaisis. Ces refuges furent alimentés par plusieurs grandes vagues migratoires. Une première vague porta les réfugiés protestants des Pays-Bas méridionaux vers la Hollande et l’Angleterre puis, dans un deuxième temps, des huguenots du sud des Pays-Bas se dirigèrent vers le Calaisis français. Une autre grande vague d’émigration concerna surtout les protestants français au lendemain de la Révocation de l’Édit de Nantes (1685), ces réfugiés se dirigeant vers l’Angleterre et la Hollande. À chaque fois se posèrent les questions des conditions de départ du pays d’origine, des filières pour passer à l’étranger, de l’arrivée et de l’installation du réfugié dans les villes et régions d’accueil, de l’intégration et de l’assimilation à une société étrangère.
Le départ des huguenots vers les Antilles françaises au XVII e siècle : les raisons du voyage
Authors: Roulet Éric
Published: October 2024

Alors que la France entreprend la conquête des îles de l’Amérique, Saint-Christophe d’abord en 1625, puis la Guadeloupe et la Martinique en 1635, les sujets du roi très chrétien sont incités à venir peupler les nouveaux établissements fondés. Après des débuts modestes, un flux migratoire soutenu s’observe dès les années 1640. Parmi les premiers arrivants, il y a de nombreux protestants. Quelles sont les raisons de leur départ ? Suivent-elles les mêmes ressorts que l’émigration des catholiques ou envisagent-ils les Antilles comme un refuge ? Quelle part a eu l’évolution de la situation religieuse en France ? La lecture des récits des missionnaires, des recensements et des certificats d’abjuration, permet de mieux cerner ce monde protestant discret et néanmoins bien présent.
The effects of environmental patents on renewable energy consumption
Authors: Onofrei Mihaela , Fîrțescu Bogdan Narcis , Oprea Florin , Cojocaru Dana Claudia
Published: October 2024

Environmental degradation and energy security are two of policymakers' most crucial concerns, with an increasing emphasis on renewable energy development. Studies regarding the role and influence of environmental technology patents in this context become necessary and can provide the empirical evidence needed for public policy decisions in terms of the benefits they bring compared to other innovation measures. Thus, our aim was to capture the effects of environmental technology patents on renewable energy consumption in OECD Member States over the period 2000–2021. We applied the general dynamic panel model with heterogeneous slopes and interactive fixed effects, controlling for cross – sectional dependence and long-run error – correction models based on (Pesaran, 2015) and implemented by Ditzen (2018), and Blackburne Ⅲ & Frank (2007), respectively. The empirical results demonstrated that environmental technology patents can be interpreted as effective mediating mechanisms for increasing renewable energy consumption, thus contributing to a reorientation of activities and consumption toward sustainable development. In other words, environmental patents appear in the transformation equation as the main trigger for innovation, generating a growing influence as the demand for the use of renewable energy sources increases, thus facilitating the transition process towards a (cleaner) and affordable energy market. Based on these results, we believe that policymakers and regulators should pay more attention to the research financing related to the investment and patenting of new environmental technologies, promoting a policy of encouraging and enforcing green technologies, regardless of their scope of application.
Sombor index of uniform hypergraphs
Authors: Wang Xiuwen , Wang Maoqun
Published: October 2024

In 2021, Gutman proposed a topological index for graphs known as the Sombor index. In this paper, we obtain several upper and lower bounds of the Sombor index of uniform hypergraphs, including those of hypertrees. Furthermore, we present a Nordhaus-Gaddum type result for the Sombor index of uniform hypergraphs.
Existence and regularity results for critical $ (p, 2) $-Laplacian equation
Authors: Wang Lixiong , Liu Ting
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we study a class of $ (p, 2) $-Laplacian equation with Hartree-type nonlinearity and critical exponents. Under some general assumptions and based on variational tools, we establish the existence, regularity, and symmetry of nontrivial solutions for such a problem.
Condiciones de habitabilidad de viviendas para personas mayores. Revisión de criterios de diseño
Authors: Valderrama-Ulloa Claudia , Schmitt Cristian , Ortiz Velosa Eliana , Marchetti Juan Pablo , Bucarey Viviana
Published: October 2024

El articulo problematiza en la necesidad de estándares de diseño y pautas arquitectónicas para adaptaciones de viviendas de personas mayores con y sin discapacidad para disminuir riesgos en las actividades diarias en sus viviendas. Para esto se utiliza el Modelo Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, la Discapacidad y la Salud (CIF) identificando los problemas de funcionalidad y discapacidades que afectan en las actividades domésticas de personas mayores. El objetivo es proponer criterios de diseño que mejoren la calidad de vida de la población mayor al facilitar las actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria al interior de sus viviendas. Utilizando el análisis de contenido tanto del CIF, como las actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria, se proponen criterios de diseño para viviendas de personas mayores en general y para personas mayores con discapacidades cognitiva (Alzheimer), sensoriales (visuales y auditivos) y física (usuarios de silla de ruedas).
The EU Green Deal and the Principle of Proportionality as the Main Principle of Environmental Safety
Authors: Volkova Yuliia
Published: October 2024

This article examines approaches to understanding the principle of proportionality in the context of balance between private and public interests in the use of natural resources in accordance with the legislation of the EU and Ukraine. It was established that, in general, in the conditions of the integration of modern legal systems and the existing convergence of legal systems, the formation and establishment of the science of comparative jurisprudence is becoming increasingly relevant. However, in order to optimally understand the content of the principle of proportionality in the use of natural resources, it is advisable to outline the key aspects of the EU’s environmental policy. According to EU legislation, when making managerial decisions in the field of environmental protection, the principle of proportionality between public and private interests, enshrined in the Aarhus and Stockholm conventions, must be observed. However, it was established, according to the legislation of Ukraine, that the principle of proportionality in the use of natural resources is not observed. It was concluded that the normative consolidation of the principle of proportionality as a prospect for the development of the national legislation of Ukraine establishes the imperative of the State’s ability to achieve a balance of private and public interests in general, and in particular, in the field of ecology.
In the Quest for Sustainability  –  How can National Competition Authorities Contribute?
Authors: Dobosz Kamil
Published: October 2024

The perspective through which competition law in the European Union is perceived has been changing over the recent several years. The leitmotif of this trend is grouped with the ongoing debate on the goals that competition law may encompass and serve. One of its facets pertains to sustainability. However, it elicits two further doubts. The first regards the meaning of sustainability. To target sustainability values, rules and policies, prior identification of its scope is unquestionably inevitable. To this end, multiple publications1 were delivered and, as it constitutes a separate subject of research, in principle it will not be discussed in this paper. However, the other signalled doubt has to be addressed here – how can sustainability goals (technically) be achieved with or through competition law? Obviously the exhaustive answer would need to be (excessively) extensive in length. Thus, touching upon a piece thereof, this paper will focus on National Competition Authorities (hereinafter: ‘NCAs’) and their capability to join ‘the quest for sustainability’.
Towards Green Public Procurement
Authors: Sołtysińska Aleksandra
Published: October 2024

Public procurement is employed by Member States as a tool to shape various policies that are not economic in nature. By spending public funds from the budget, Member States have the opportunity to influence the development and shape of the EU’s internal market. The ability to integrate environmental considerations into the public procurement process and the development of the Green Public Procurement concept contributes to greater use of procurement mechanisms to protect the environment, and combat climate change. Recent years have seen increasing activity by the EU and the European Commission in promoting and facilitating the development of Green Public Procurement. The obligation to comply with environmental law has been introduced into public procurement law as one of the principles. However, most of the legal solutions in the EU to date are facultative in nature, leaving Member States with considerable discretion as concerns their implementation.
Assistive Technology in Handling Anxiety and Emotion Dysregulation of Kids With Autism and Spectrum Disorder From Research to User Viewpoint
Authors: Abirami K. , P. DeepaLakshmi
Published: October 2024

Challenging behavior (CB) is a common issue in children with intellectual autism spectrum disorder (ASD), often resulting in coercive measures and physical harm to caregivers A mobile-based web application framework is developed using Mobilenetv2 image and emotion recognition convolutional neural network architecture, featuring 3*3 depth convolution layers and ImageNet pre-trained models. The framework uses hybrid concepts of transfer learning and the Viola-Jones algorithm for emotion mapping and segmentation techniques such as Haar-like features for facial and eye detection, and virtual markers placed on subject faces. The study involved 30 students aged 3-10 years old from early intervention special school of the special needs, and the results showed a maximum recognition rate of 99.81% using mobilenetv2 for emotion detection using facial landmarks. The emotion recognition accuracy rate was 92.33% using ImageNet 1K dataset pre-trained models, outperforming other pre trained models like GoogleNet, YOLO, and VCG net.
Employment Training Tools for Individuals With Intellectual and Development Disabilities (IDD)
Authors: Fleming Jennifer
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines the job preparation and training tools available to individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). It begins with a foundational discussion of how persons are designated with disability using legal and medical standards that qualify them for supplemental income and government-funded job training benefits. Next, it explores the various impairments that exist for IDD employment candidates. This is followed by an evaluation of the educational experiences for both children and adults, contrasted with their nonimpaired counterparts and cross-referenced against studies in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). It then evaluates the efforts of our teachers under instructional accountability; this is followed by an evaluation of the students under academic presence and persistence. It concludes with a listing of best practices for teaching disabled persons and a discussion of the countries best suited to address the needs of individuals with intellectual development disabilities.
Fostering Social Integration of People With Intellectual Disability Through Tennis
Authors: Varela Apolinar , Fraguela-Vale Raúl , Gambra Leyre
Published: October 2024

Little targeted research has been carried out on the role of sport in improving the social inclusion and integration of people with intellectual disability (ID). In order to fill that information gap, more studies are needed in sports programs designed specifically for people with ID. This research focuses on the Más Que Tenis recreational sports program with the aim of identifying the ways in which the program contributes to the integration of people with ID. The study uses a qualitative case study methodology, based on a sample of 21 athletes, 25 family members, and 19 program employees. The data collected from the study were analyzed using thematic coding and showed that socialization is both the primary function of the program and the main motivation for athletes' participation. The chapter concludes by highlighting the positive impact of the program on inclusion and integration, and areas for improvement in the future.
Climate Change and Global Inequality
Authors: Yadav Mohit , Chandel Ajay , Agrawal Harshita , Quttainah Majdi
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the intersection of climate change and global inequality, highlighting how climate impacts exacerbate existing disparities and challenge social justice. By examining case studies from Bangladesh, Puerto Rico, the Sahel region, and Pacific Island nations, it reveals the disproportionate effects of climate change on vulnerable populations. The analysis underscores the urgent need for integrated climate justice frameworks, community-based adaptation strategies, and sustainable development initiatives. Key global responses, including the Paris Agreement and international migration compacts, are assessed for their effectiveness in addressing these challenges. Future directions emphasize enhancing international cooperation, leveraging technological innovations, and improving monitoring and accountability. The chapter aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how climate change intensifies inequality and offers actionable insights for building a more equitable and resilient future.
Social and Economic Impacts of Climate-Induced Migration and Displacement
Authors: Mittal Shashank , Chandel Ajay , Le Thi Mai
Published: October 2024

Climate-induced migration and displacement are emerging as critical issues in the context of global climate change. This chapter explores the drivers, social, and economic impacts of climate-induced migration, providing future projections and scenarios to understand the scale and nature of displacement. Key drivers include extreme weather events, sea-level rise, desertification, and water scarcity. Social impacts involve disruptions to communities, changes in demographics, and health challenges, while economic impacts affect labor markets, infrastructure, and resource allocation. Case studies illustrate real-world examples and policy responses, while resilience and adaptation strategies offer insights into managing these challenges. The chapter concludes with future projections highlighting the need for comprehensive planning and international cooperation to address the anticipated increase in climate-induced displacement.
Effect of Climate Change and Agricultural Factors on the Technical Efficiency of the Industrial Sector Across Indian States
Authors: Singh Ajay Kumar , Jyoti Bhim
Published: October 2024

This chapter estimates the TE of the industrial sector across Indian states using a stochastic frontier analysis. It also observes the impact of climatic and agricultural factors on gross value added (GVA) and TE of the industrial sector using a log-linear regression model. Annual average values of maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation and actual rainfall are considered as climatic factors, and irrigated area, cropping intensity, gross sown area, and credit deposit ratio are used as control variables in the empirical model. It compiles state-wise panel data of mentioned variables during 1991 – 2021. The results reveal that there is significant diversity in TE across states. TE and GVA are negatively impacted due to climate change. Gross irrigated area, cropping intensity, and gross sown showed a significant impact on TE and GVA. It provides policy proposals to reduce diversity in TE of industries across Indian states.
Economic Costs of Climate Change and How These Costs Can Be Mitigated
Authors: Mittal Shashank , Kanwal Preet , Wijethilak Hewawasam P. G. D.
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the economic costs of climate change and strategies for mitigating these impacts. It examines the diverse and significant financial burdens associated with climate-related disasters, disruptions, and long-term environmental changes. The chapter outlines key areas of concern, including regional and sectoral variations in economic costs, and the use of economic models and methods to assess these impacts. It discusses various mitigation strategies, such as transitioning to a low-carbon economy and enhancing climate resilience and emphasizes the importance of international cooperation in addressing global climate challenges. The chapter concludes with an outlook on future developments and the implications for practical, managerial, ethical, and societal dimensions. Effective climate action requires comprehensive, collaborative approaches and a commitment to sustainability and equity.
Policies of European Countries to Combat the Climate Crisis
Authors: Kovancı Ezgi
Published: October 2024

The climate crisis is profoundly impacting Europe, one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change globally. Increasing temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and rising sea levels are intensifying, threatening human life, economies, and ecosystems across the continent. European nations are actively implementing diverse policies and initiatives, such as the Paris Agreement and the European Green Deal, and leading in renewable energy adoption and sustainable transportation. In this study, the geography of Europe, which includes industrially advanced countries, has been examined within the context of the European Union's climate policies.
Calibrating Climate Change Curriculum Coverage in Some Modules at St. Peter's University
Authors: Msezane Sikhulile B. , Shabalala Nonkanyiso Pamella
Published: October 2024

In this qualitative research approach study, the coverage of climate change education content at St. Peters University was investigated utilising a case study research design and document analysis. This study gathered pertinent information from three modules that covered education for sustainable development using the convenience sampling method. Realist social theory was employed as an analytical and theoretical framework. The study's conclusions showed that the modules' coverage of climate change risks, hazards, mitigation, resilience, and adaptation measures is lacking. Even though climate change was discussed inequitably, the implication is that students would not be able to cascade climate change education content to citizens during teaching practice, inhibiting awareness, and acting toward a behavioural change that encourages risk identification, climate change injustices, mitigation, adaptation, and resilience.
A Theoretical Approach Towards Territorial Sustainability Conceptualizing
Authors: Dhal Sharanika , Baliarsingh Rajat Kumar , Patnaik Biswajeet
Published: October 2024

Odisha is the first state in India to introduce a Climate Budget. It supports Govt. to planning & executing various climate action programs and improving the state's climate resilience. Episodic storm events such as cyclones like Phailin, Hudhud, Titli, and Fani and some chronic problems like shore erosion, coastal flooding, storm surge, inundation, heat waves, drought, and whirlwinds always affect socioeconomic conditions. As the state is always prone to calamities directly or indirectly, there are certain techniques and methods implemented to tackle it. This paper signifies different issues and challenges related to territorial sustainability and the causes of climate change and management in Odisha related to different sectors i.e. Agriculture, Energy, Fisheries, Forest & Environment, Health & Family Welfare, Water Conservation, Urban Development, etc. and it also studied the concept of sustainability and various challenges related to the climate change and action till now in Odisha.
The Future of Territorial Management
Authors: Bhardwaj Aditi , Bachu Saroopya , Rajendran Senthil Prabhu , Rastogi Sonali , Ramakrishna K. , Balalakshmi Chinnasamy , Sharma Pankaj
Published: October 2024

The fusion of Big Data analytics, IoT (Internet of Things), and AI (Artificial Intelligence) is transforming territorial management, offering unprecedented prospects for sustainable and efficient urban and rural development. This chapter explores how these technologies can tackle complex territorial governance challenges. It breaks down the individual contributions of AI, IoT, and Big Data: IoT enables real-time data gathering and networking; AI enhances forecasting, decision-making, and automation; Big Data analytics processes vast data volumes to inform resource allocation and strategy. The chapter discusses an integrated approach combining these technologies to create smart territorial administration, supported by global case studies demonstrating improved public services, equitable growth, and infrastructure enhancement. Challenges such as security, privacy, and regulatory needs are also addressed. Looking ahead, the chapter emphasizing the need for creativity and multidisciplinary collaboration in developing future smart territories.
Redefining Teaching in the Era of Generative Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Joshi Rahul , Pandey Krishna , Kumari Suman
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) in education has significantly transformed the methodology of imparting knowledge in classrooms. AI-based education has revolutionized teaching and learning, transitioning from traditional classroom teaching to personalized learning. AI has provided many learning possibilities for students and instructors to discover and implement innovative teaching techniques using technology. The limitations of the conventional educational system will become outdated as AI-generated learning will make classroom instruction easily accessible with just a click. Each time a new technology emerges, there is a concern about its potential for abuse. The advent of AI has brought about a rise in issues that have led to doubts and the gradual decline of the conventional schooling system. The chapter explores the techniques and procedures for incorporating AI into the conventional educational system, promoting a more advanced and improved learning environment. Artificial intelligence has the potential to enhance the online education system significantly.
Comparison of B Cell Variable Region Gene Segment Characteristics in Neuro-autoantibodies
Authors: Abd El Baky Hend , Weinstock Nadav I , Khan Sial Gull Zareen , Hicar Mark D
Published: October 2024

Autoimmune pediatric neurologic diseases have variable phenotypes and presentations, making diagnosis challenging. The pathologic mechanisms are also distinct, including cell-mediated and Ab-mediated autoimmunity, paraneoplastic syndromes, and postinfectious processes. In recent years a number of studies have described the characteristics of the autoantibodies involved in a number of these diseases. Some of the described Abs use a restricted set of variable gene segments. We sought to compare the Ab characteristics of autoantibodies related to some of the more common disorders to discover whether specific Ab signatures are universally associated with neuroautoimmune diseases. We initially performed a literature review to summarize the Ab characteristics of autoantibodies related to some of the more common disorders, including N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and leucine-rich, glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI-1). Next, we performed data analysis from selected studies that sequenced Ig genes to further characterize NMDAR and LGI-1 autoantibodies including CDR3 length distribution, variable gene sequence usage, and isotype use. We found that CDR3 length of NMDAR autoantibodies was normally distributed whereas the CDR3 length distribution of LGI-1 autoantibodies was skewed, suggesting that there is no global structural restriction on types of autoantibodies that can cause encephalitis. We also found that IgG1–IgG3 were the main NMDAR autoantibody isotypes detected, while IgG4 was the major isotype used in autoantibodies from LGI-1 encephalitis. These findings are useful for our understanding of autoimmune encephalitis and will help facilitate better diagnosis and treatment of these conditions in the future.
On the average degree sum of proper subgroups of a finite group
Authors: Liu Shitian
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the structure of a finite group

G

when all proper subgroups

H

of

G

satisfy that the average degree sum of

H

is

\leq 2

is determined.
Теорема Гротендика о предкомпактности подмножеств пространств функций над псевдокомпактными пространствами
Authors: Reznichenko Evgenii Aleksandrovich
Published: October 2024

Рассматриваются обобщения теорем Эберлейна и Гротендика о предкомпактности функциональных пространств: если $X$ - счетно компактное пространство и $C_p(X)$ - пространство непрерывных функций на $X$ в топологии поточечной сходимости, то любое счетно компактное подпространство пространства $C_p(X)$ предкомпактно,
т.е. имеет компактное замыкание. В работе представлен обзор результатов по этой теме.
Доказано, что если псевдокомпактное пространство $X$ содержит плотное линделeфово $\Sigma$-пространство,
то псевдокомпактные подпространства пространства $C_p(X)$ предкомпактны. Если $X$ является произведением полных по Чеху пространств, то ограниченные подмножества пространства $C_p(X)$ предкомпактны. Также получены результаты о непрерывности раздельно непрерывных функций.
О механизме диффузии в гамильтоновых системах
Authors: Kozlov Valery Vasil'evich
Published: October 2024

Механизм диффузии в гамильтоновых системах, мало отличающихся
от вполне интегрируемых, обычно связывают с существованием
так называемых "переходных цепочек": медленная диффузия происходит
в окрестности пересекающихся сепаратрис гиперболических
периодических решений (или, более общо, маломерных инвариантных торов)
возмущенной задачи. В заметке обсуждается другой механизм диффузии,
использующий разрушение инвариантных торов невозмущенной системы
с почти резонансным набором частот. Этот механизм продемонстрирован
на примере изоэнергитически невырожденной гамильтоновой системы
с тремя степенями свободы. Однако нечто подобное может встречаться и
в общих многомерных гамильтоновых системах. Доказательство наличия дрейфа
медленных переменных основано на анализе интегралов
от квазипериодических функций времени с нулевым средним
(они могут быть неограниченными), а также использует
условия топологической транзитивности цилиндрических каскадов.
Emergence of the stromal vascular fraction and secretome in regenerative medicine
Authors: Choudhary Ratan Kumar , Choudhary Shanti , Tripathi Abhishek
Published: October 2024

Recently, we read a mini-review published by Jeyaraman et al . The article explored the optimal methods for isolating mesenchymal stromal cells from adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF). Key factors include tissue source, processing techniques, cell viability assessment, and the advantages/disadvantages of autologous vs allogeneic use. The authors emphasized the need for standardized protocols for SVF isolation, ethical and regulatory standards for cell-based therapy, and safety to advance mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies in human patients. This manuscript shares our perspective on SVF isolation in canines. We discussed future directions to potentiate effective regenerative medicine therapeutics in human and veterinary medicine.
A Case for Improved Global Coordination of Volcano Observatories
Authors: Lowenstern Jacob B.
Published: October 2024

The distribution of volcano monitoring networks and volcano expertise does not correlate well with the global distribution of volcanic risk. All countries have cultural, financial, bureaucratic, political, and logistical barriers to effective risk reduction. The lack of parity amongst volcano observatories jeopardizes public safety and curtails scientific research and understanding. Having global data compiled daily to retain a full record of volcanic unrest would lead to large and meaningful improvements in future eruption forecasts. To make progress on these issues, the volcanological community needs greater collaboration, standardization, and support..
Boolean Delay Equations: a dynamical approach to modeling complex systems
Authors: Ghil Michael
Published: October 2024

Boolean delay equations (BDEs) are equations with discrete variables evolving in continuous time. They serve as exploratory tools in the study of nonlinear and complex systems. In this review paper, we outline their formulation and illustrate their properties by application to a solid-earth problem and a climate one. The first problem is the seismotectonic description and prediction of earthquakes and of their clustering. The second one is that of the coupled atmosphere-ocean phenomenon of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Both involve irregular behavior that is hard to predict, although some form of cyclicity is present in both, especially in ENSO. The paper concludes with broad perspectives on the further use of BDEs in the geosciences and elsewhere.
Fault Detection Technology for Ultrapure Water Plant using Virtual Sensors for Pressure Control Valve and Indicators in Return Line
Authors: Lim Seung Ji , Kim Jihye , Kwon Boung Su , Lee Kyung Hyuk
Published: October 2024

Objectives:This study aims to propose a technology that utilizes virtual sensors to quickly and accurately diagnose faults in valves and measurement devices that may occur in the return line of an ultrapure water plant.Methods:The empirical equations were derived, and the error range was calculated using operational data collected from three pieces of equipment (pressure control valve, pressure transmitter, and flow transmitter) in the recovery system of the ultrapure water process. Based on this, a virtual sensor is established.Results and Discussion:It was confirmed that the utilization of 24-hour data collected from the operation of the ultrapure water plant was enough to establish virtual sensors and could also estimate monthly data with high accuracy. In Phase 1, the fault diagnosis technology was found to estimate values more accurately and had a meaningful margin of error compared to Phase 2.Conclusion:It was possible to develop a fault detection technology using the virtual sensor derived from the empirical equation. The technology showed high performance in detecting anomalies in the flow meter and pressure control valve opening but had limitations in estimating consistently pressure values. Additionally, considering that there was no issue in estimating monthly data using the equations derived using 24 hours operational data. The fault detection algorithm could be used continuously if the empirical equations are updated by collecting a day's data when operating conditions change.
Wastewater Treatment through Sequencing Batch Reactor: Adaptation of a Hydro-cyclone Decanter to Enhance Particle Segregation
Authors: Salakhudinov Mukhammadzokhir , Matyakubov Behzad , Lee Tae-Jin
Published: October 2024

Objectives:This study investigates the integration of a hydro-cyclone decanter into Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) systems to enhance particle segregation during the decanting phase, aiming to improve removal efficiencies of suspended particles in SBR. Methods:A hydro-cyclone separator was designed for the SBR reactor, optimizing particles separation using centrifugal forces without extensive process modifications. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance with synthetic and actual wastewater at different concentrations and flow rates.Results and Discussion:The hydro-cyclone decanter achieved removal efficiencies of up to 32.3% for synthetic wastewater and approximately 73.2% for actual wastewater, demonstrating significant particle segregation capabilities. However, its impact on dissolved pollutants like total nitrogen (T-N) and total phosphorus (T-P) was limited.Conclusion:Integrating a hydro-cyclone decanter in SBR systems significantly enhances particle segregation, particularly for larger particles, while moderately improving COD removal, suggesting its effective use in wastewater treatment processes.
Evaluation of Machine Learning Application on the Prediction of Particulate Matter Concentrations in Small/Medium-Sized City
Authors: Lee Yeji , Na Iseul , Son Younggyu
Published: October 2024

Objectives:In this study, Machine Learning (ML) algorithms were evaluated to predict the concentration of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) using air quality and meteorological data in small/medium-sized city.Methods:ML models, including Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Decision Tree Regression (DTR), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGB), were used to predict PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations. Five air quality variables, including NO2, SO2, CO, PM10 and PM2.5, and seven meteorological variables, including temperature, humidity, vapor pressure, wind speed, precipitation, local atmospheric pressure, and sea-level atmosphere pressure, were collected from three air quality monitoring stations and one meteorological observatory from 2017 to 2022. A total of 52,583 sets of data were used for ML. The prediction accuracies of the applied ML models were evaluated using the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Coefficient of determination (R2).Results and Discussion:Higher ML performance was obtained when using the data including PM10 and PM2.5 compared to the data excluding these variables. Among five different ML models, the XGB model showed the highest accuracy in predicting PM10 and PM2.5 one hour in the future. However, poorer performance was obtained as the predicted period increased from one hour to 72 hours.Conclusion:The application of ML algorithms for the short-term prediction of PM10 and PM2.5 was successful in this study. However, more input variables and deep learning algorithms are needed for long-term prediction of PM10 and PM2.5.
Distribution of Air pollutant Concentration and Ammonium conversion rate in Livestock Areas: Focusing on Boryeong
Authors: Kim Jaeeun , Seo Siyoung , Woo Saem-Ee , Lee Jun-Yeob , Lee Yeon-A , Park Junsu
Published: October 2024

Objectives:The association between the generation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ammonia is well-established, highlighting the importance of managing ammonia as a primary means to reduce particulate matter. However, domestic research on ammonia emissions, particularly in livestock areas, which are major sources of ammonia, is insufficient. This study aims to contribute to pollutant management on a national scale by conducting air pollutant measurements and analyses in livestock areas. Methods:Real-time analysis and monitoring of air and weather conditions were carried out in Boryeong, Chungcheongnam-do, from 2021 to 2022. Statistical analysis was then employed to investigate the correlation between observed air pollutants (ammonia, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, ozone and particle matters) and PM2.5. Results and Discussion:As a result of the analysis, the concentration of air pollutants in Boryeong showed a seasonal tendancy to decrease in summer and increase after that. Most substances such as NO2, SO2, and PM10 were observed within the standard values. In the case of ammonia, domestic air environment standards are not in place, but the annual average was found to be 61.5 ± 55.3 ppb, higher than in other research results. This discrepancy is attributed to the influence of nearby livestock houses. It was also observed that PM2.5 exceeded the annual standard value of 15 μg/m3 in spring (30.1 μg/m3), summer (18.3 μg/m3), autumn (25.3 μg/m3) and winter (31.7 μg/m3), respectively. During this period, ammonium (NH4+, 32.8%), nitrate (NO3-, 35.9%), and sulfate (SO42-, 19.7%) comprised the majority of particulate pollutants in PM2.5. The ammonia-ammonium conversion rate (NHR) was 0.08 annual average, and it was found that gas/ion phase changes were affected by seasonal weather conditions (temperature and relative humidity). As a result of analyzing the NHR according to the PM2.5 concentration, it was found that the higher the PM2.5 concentration, the higher the NHR. Furthermore, although the measurement area of this study exhibited high ammonia concentration, the NHR was low. This suggests that the contribution rate of ammonia to PM2.5 was relatively low compared to the other studies.Conclusion:As a result, there is a need for measures to reduce the high concentrations of ammonia in livestock areas. Simultaneously, considering the diverse mechanisms involved in particulate matter formation, it is suggested that management of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides including ammonia should be implemented.
Comparative analysis of Environmental Impact of Each Building Material using Life Cycle assessment(LCA)_Focusing on Types of Construction Wood and Concrete
Authors: Kwon Soon Gil , Chang Yoon Seong , Choi Hwan Ho
Published: October 2024

Objectives:The construction sector is a very important sector in achieving carbon neutrality. In modern society, construction has grown rapidly, and basic materials such as cement and concrete have contributed greatly to the development of construction. These materials emit a large amount of global warming substances during the raw material extraction and production process, causing serious environmental pollution. In order to establish a carbon reduction strategy to slow down global warming, we compared the environmental impacts of each building material and showed the current situation.Methods:The LCI DB for the construction materials used in the two-story wooden house (Building area 128.67m2, total floor area 235.73m2) located in the National Institute of Forest Science was extracted. Then, the data for LCA was processed and performed through the life cycle assessment methodology for the resources consumed from raw material collection, material production, and transportation stages. Then, based on the environmental performance labeling impact assessment method, a study was conducted on the environmental impact categories of the actual construction materials used and comparisons with other construction materials.Results and Discussion:When analyzing the environmental impact of concrete [25-21-120] and construction wood used in wooden house, the environmental impact was found to be 98.79% higher on average in the pre-manufacturing stage than in the manufacturing stage, and construction wood was confirmed to have a reduction effect of 62.21 kg CO2-eq per 1 m3 compared to concrete. Through the scenario, there was a carbon reduction effect of up to 36% when the entire area was replaced with wood. In addition, the environmental impact by major construction material was quantitatively quantified.Conclusion:When building a wooden house, reducing the amount of concrete equivalent to the amount of wood is expected to have a greenhouse gas reduction effect, so it is time to activate construction wood from the production process to the post-production stage to replace concrete. In addition, follow-up research on the development of construction technology with low environmental impact during construction should be continued. This study is expected to be used as a useful indicator for R&D and policies in the construction field in the future, as it quantitatively quantified the amount of CO2 reduction per m3 when replacing concrete with construction wood and numerically compared and analyzed six major environmental impact categories by major construction materials.
Analyzing the Environmental Impact of Livestock Manure Recycling Process Using Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Kang Hee Yeon , Lee Jae Young , Kim Geon Yong , Hwang Yong Woo , Park Kwang Ho , Lee Dong Jun
Published: October 2024

Objectives:This study aims to assess the environmental impact of the composting process, which constitutes 75.3% of the domestic livestock manure recycling methods, and to determine the environmental impacts of methane and nitrous oxide, the major greenhouse gases in the livestock sector, as well as ammonia, a precursor to fine particulate matter that has recently become a social issue. The analysis will focus on the categories of climate change and fine particulate matter formation to identify the most significant factors impacting the environment.Methods:This study applied the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology according to ISO 14040/14044 standards to evaluate the environmental impact of producing one bag (20kg) of livestock manure compost. The system boundary included the transportation of livestock manure and sawdust to the composting facility and the compost production process. The methodology applied for impact assessment was the ReCiPe 2016 v.1.1 Midpoint (H) method, which allows for a more global evaluation by utilizing worldwide average data.Results and Discussion:The impact assessment of livestock manure compost production revealed that producing one bag contributes 2.667 kg CO2-eq. to climate change, with electricity consumption responsible for 68.95% of emissions. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the dominant greenhouse gas, making up 84.37% of the total. Particulate matter formation is 0.037 kg PM2.5-eq., with 91.97% resulting from emissions during the composting process. Ammonia (NH3) is the main cause of particulate matter, accounting for 92.02% of emissions.Conclusion:Based on the research, electricity consumption is the main factor affecting climate change in compost production, and ammonia is the primary cause of fine particulate matter. This study provides a case for evaluating the environmental impact of livestock manure composting and can serve as a foundational reference for developing policies and technologies to address climate change and fine particulate matter issues.