bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A termoelektromos modulok körforgásos gyártásának dqn alapú döntéstámogatásos optimalizációja
Authors: Albert Judit , Takács Ágnes
Published: November 2024

The optimization of thermoelectric modules brings significant benefits in terms of performance, weight, and cost. Optimization methods such as genetic algorithms, Deep Q-Learning, and the VIKOR method help finding the best compromise solutions. These optimized modules not only provide more efficient energy conversion but are also more economical and sustainable, contributing to long-term energy and environmental goals. Furthermore, the application of circular manufacturing principles minimizes waste and maximizes material recyclability, further enhancing sustainability.
Tömítési teljesítmény optimalizálása végeselemes módszerrel és többkritériumos döntéshozatali megközelítéssel
Authors: Albert Judit , Takács Ágnes
Published: November 2024

Sealing systems are widely used in engineering practice, especially in the automotive, oil and gas, and many areas of the mechanical industry. The function of seals is to prevent unwanted leakage of flows, liquids and gases. A key factor in the design of these systems is sealing performance, which is influenced by parameters such as material selection, geometry, and applied forces and pressures. The combined use of the Finite Element Method (FEM) and multi-criteria decision-making approaches (Multi-Criteria Decision Making, MCDM) provides an opportunity to optimize sealing performance. With the help of the finite element method, we can perform detailed analysis of the effect of mechanical and thermal loads, enabling the simulation of the seal’s behaviour and the discovery of optimization opportunities. At the same time, MCDM techniques help to make design decisions by considering several criteria, such as cost-effectiveness, performance or lifetime. The combination of the two approaches can thus be an effective tool for optimizing sealing systems.
Kritériumok és lehetőségek additív gyártásra optimált alkatrészeknél
Authors: Dömötör Csaba
Published: November 2024

This article presents the requirements for the redesign of spare parts made with additive manufacturing and the possibilities of their simplification. Through a few examples, it examines in detail the steps taken to meet the requirements and the utilization of the potential possibilities in 3D printing
Moduláris elvű tervezés (dfm) elmélete és gyakorlata: moduláris nagyméretű 3D-nyomtató tervezése és termékfejlesztése
Authors: Gotthard Viktor
Published: November 2024

Today, flexibility is getting more and more focus in design. One of the effective solution methods for this can be DfM, i.e. modular design, which is presented during this study. Next, the application of DfM on a practical example will be presented, first on the example of a modular machine design, and then on two modular product family. The special feature of this article is that the prototype of the presented large modular 3D printer, which will be able to 3D print 5-meter products, will soon be ready, as a development of G-MAX Europe Kft.
Investigation of the time delay of arrival (TDOA method for diaggnostic purposes on motor vehicles
Authors: Jálics Károly , Kriston József Balázs
Published: November 2024

There are several acoustic and vibration methods for detecting mechanical failure of the machine. However, this type of diagnostics is not widespread in motor vehicles. This is due to the rather complex noise and vibration behavior during operation caused by the internal combustion engine, auxiliary equipment, drivetrain, rolling noise and flow-induced noise and vibration. This article deals with the arrival time difference method for vehicle diagnostics. We present the main features of the method and first apply the method to a single rectangular steel plate as well as to a passenger car body in experiments with pulse hammer simulated failure sources. We present three options for calculating time delays between sensors: the cross-correlation method, the generalized cross-correlation method, and the threshold crossing method. Based on the time delays, we calculate the calculated coordinate of the simulated error and compare it with the actual value. Conclusions are drawn and ideas for future work are also presented.
Kisméretű műanyag fogaskerekek osztáshibáinak vizsgálata
Authors: Marada Imre , Bihari János
Published: November 2024

In our previous research, we have already demonstrated that the measurement of the recirculation torque is a suitable method to investigate the faults of small plastic gears. The recirculation torque is the torque required to rotate the gearbox fitted with the gears under no load. In addition, we have shown how tooth thickness faults can be detected by this method. In this research, we investigated the effect of the pitch faults. To do this, we used SLA 3D printing to produce gears that contained a tooth that was displaced from its original position. The resulting gears were then paired with gears without a fault, and using a torque measuring device we designed, the torque curves were compared to cases where none of the gears contained a faulty tooth.
Ágyéki gerincstabilizációs implantátumok jellemző lattice struktúráinak 3d nyomtatása és mechanikai vizsgálata
Authors: Molnár Luca , Zwierczyk Péter T.
Published: November 2024

This study focuses on the load analysis of the lattice structures typical for spinal stabilization implants fabricated by FDM technology and the selection of the most suitable lattice for a fusion spinal implant. Based on the results of the physical measurements, the finite element analysis can be validated, allowing the developed of patient specific implants to be evaluated for complex loads that would be directly applied to them in the installation environment.
Indirekt hiperelasztikus anyagmodell identifikáció autóipari gyártósor tömítésszerelési adatainak felhasználásával
Authors: Sári-Barnácz Viktor , Goda Tibor János
Published: November 2024

Finding parameters of hyperelastic material models are cost and labor extensive due to the need of specialized equipment and the complex behavior of elastomers. This research studies the opportunity to determine the material parameters of a two-parameter, compressible Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic constitutive material model indirectly using finite element analysis and large amount of series production data of sealing assembly process, also incorporates the analysis of other relevant parameters, such as friction and temperature.
Sövényvágó kinematikai és rezgés vizsgálata
Authors: Siktár Bálint , Hegedűs György , Kakuk József
Published: November 2024

Hedge trimmers are handheld gardening power tools, used in households, where hedges or weaker vegetations are present. The aim of this paper is to investigate the mechanical behavior of a hedge trimmer that uses a circular eccentric disc firstly from a kinematic point of view, then from a vibration measurement point of view. During the vibration measurement, the FFT – Fast Fourier Transformation procedure is used to determine the source of vibration. This paper also aims to show how the different components affect the already mentioned vibration measurement results.
Bevonatok tribológiai tulajdonságainak vizsgálata
Authors: Bányai Kristóf , Vadászné Bognár Gabriella
Published: November 2024

In this research work, the authors compare the tribological parameters of Ni-P and Ni-B coatings. The friction coefficients and wear of Ni-P-I, Ni-P-II and Ni-B coatings are investigated using different methods and the test results are analysed using microhardness measurement, abrasion test and determination of the coefficient of friction as a function of time, determination of wear volume loss by measuring microscopy, scanning electron microscopy to determine the morphology and thickness of coating types and the chemical composition of wear marks, and calculation of the wear coefficient.
Anya csak egy van? Ahány ház, annyi lecsó
Authors: Bihari Zoltán , Besenyei István
Published: November 2024

When we hear the word „nut”, most people think of the fastener used in aluminium profiled machine construction. Why would this machine element be worth devoting a separate article to? Many people think that it is enough to simply buy the necessary quantity and install it in the right place. Unfortunately, the reality of life is much more complicated, as the following study demonstrates.
Ipari robotkar csillapítási tényező és frekvenciaválasz vizsgálata méréssel és végeselemes módszerekkel
Authors: Bodnár Dávid , Jármai Károly
Published: November 2024

This paper investigates the vibration characteristics of a robotic arm using real measurements and finite element analysis (FEA). The manipulator type is the MELFA RV-2SDB15. The frequency response and vibration characteristics are measured based on four different axes; the experimental data are used as a reference for the digital model.
Influence of perceived leadership styles on burnout among nurses
Authors: نعمة اسراء
Published: November 2024

The study examines the relationship between nurses' job burnout and leadership styles in Karbala city teaching hospitals. The research was conducted in Iraq, in the city of Karbala, and included 324 nurses to explore how leadership styles and demographic factors affect job burnout. The results reveal a relationship between leadership style and reduced burnout among nurses, suggesting that effective leadership can positively impact nurses' well-being. Most of the participants were young people, and females constituted a large proportion of the sample. This study emphasizes the importance of leadership in alleviating nurse burnout and improving overall job satisfaction.
Educación y desigualdad social, sus enfoques sobre políticas educativas inclusivas
Authors: Puyol-Cortez Jorge Luis , Santander-Salmon Erika Stephania
Published: November 2024

The article discusses how social inequality influences access to education and how inclusive educational policies can mitigate these barriers. Through a literature review, the theoretical and practical approaches to these policies are examined, focusing on the reduction of exclusion derived from factors such as poverty, ethnicity, gender and disability. The exploratory methodology used allowed the identification of relevant studies in academic databases. The results highlight structural barriers such as lack of resources and teacher training, as well as insufficient educational infrastructure. However, facilitating factors such as curricular adaptation and the use of information technologies are also noted. The article concludes that, although inclusive education is a key tool for reducing inequality, its success depends on a holistic implementation that involves all actors in the educational system and is adapted to specific contexts.
How Small Businesses can Adapt and Thrive In The Digital Economy: A Review of Best Practices
Authors: Muhammad Azeem
Published: November 2024

This article aims to provide insights into how small businesses can adapt and thrive in the digital economy by reviewing best practices. A literature review was conducted to identify the key challenges faced by small businesses in the digital economy and the best practices that can help them overcome these challenges. The review identified seven best practices for small businesses to adapt and thrive in the digital economy, including establishing an online presence, leveraging digital marketing, embracing e-commerce, using data to make informed decisions, focusing on customer experience, investing in cybersecurity, and staying agile. The digital economy presents both challenges and opportunities for small businesses, and those that adapt their operations, marketing strategies, and customer experience can thrive. By implementing the best practices identified in this review, small businesses can compete with larger companies and succeed in the digital age. However, it is important for small businesses to be aware of the challenges they may face and to stay up to date on emerging trends and technologies to remain competitive.
Le temps dans les traditions de common law et de droit civil : l’exemple du délai pour agir en contrôle judiciaire
Authors: Chouinard Paul-David
Published: November 2024

Les systèmes de droit civil entretiennent une conception du temps qui diffère à plusieurs égards des systèmes de common law. Si la présence d’un droit codifié assure une certaine stabilité du droit dans la tradition civiliste, c’est plutôt la règle du précédent qui joue ce rôle en common law. En droit québécois, la coexistence de ces deux traditions juridiques crée des tensions. Cette mixité des sources et des méthodes est d’autant plus frappante en matière de contrôle judiciaire des actes de l’administration publique, où les décisions des tribunaux viennent infléchir les principes énoncés au Code de procédure civile. L’auteur aborde l’une de ces règles, soit le délai pour agir en contrôle judiciaire. Il conclut que la règle du délai raisonnable en droit québécois est sujette à une méthode d’interprétation distincte par rapport aux délais qui existent dans les autres provinces canadiennes régies par la common law.
Central composite design aided optimization and validation of developed an eco-friendly HPLC method for the quantification of Lenalidomide loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles
Authors: Gupta Ashutosh , S. P Rachana , Moorkoth Sudheer , Dhas Namdev
Published: November 2024

Lenalidomide (LND) was encapsulated within mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), and we developed a reverse-phase (RP)-HPLC analytical method to quantitate the LND content in the formulation. Through a multivariate Central composite design (CCD), we systematically optimized key chromatographic parameters, including the flow rate, sample injection volume, and organic phase ratio. We evaluated the responses of retention time, peak area, and theoretical plate. Our enhanced chromatographic approach employed a Spherisorb ODS C18 column. To investigate the suitableness of the mobile phase for isocratic elution, we adhered to International Conference on Harmonisation Q2(R1) standards. Suggesting the optimality of a methanol and ammonium acetate buffer combination (pH 5.5, adjusted with 1% v/v glacial acetic acid and ammonia solution). This validated RP-HPLC analytical method exhibited specificity for LND even in the presence of the matrix of MSNs. The fabricated MSNs were confirmed by evaluating the surface morphology of the formulation. We successfully applied the developed RP-HPLC method to quantify the amount of LND entrapped and to determine the drug loaded in the MSNs formulation. The % EE for LND in MSNs was found to be 76.66% and % DL for LND in MSNs was found to be 1 4.00%, respectively. The novelty of the Design of expert-based method development is that it reduces the number of trials, thereby reducing solvent wastage and is environmentally friendly, scoring eight green, six yellow, and one red.
Predicting hotel booking cancellations using tree-based neural network
Authors: Yang Dan , Miao Xiaoling
Published: November 2024

In the hospitality business, cancellations negatively affect the precise estimation of revenue management. With today’s powerful computational advances, it is feasible to develop a model to predict cancellations to reduce the risks for business owners. Although these models have not yet been tested in real-world conditions, several prototypes were developed and deployed in two hotels. The their main goal was to study how these models could be incorporated into a decision support system and to assess their influence on demand-management decisions. In our study, we introduce a tree-based neural network (TNN) that combines a tree-based learning algorithm with a feed-forward neural network as a computational method for predicting hotel booking cancellation. Experimental results indicated that the TNN model significantly improved the predictive power on two benchmark datasets compared to tree-based models and baseline artificial neural networks alone. Also, the preliminary success of our study confirmed that tree-based neural networks are promising in dealing with tabular data.
MALAT1 promotes colonic epithelial cell apoptosis and pyroptosis by sponging miR-22-3p to enhance NLRP3 expression
Authors: Yan Rong , Liang Xinghua , Hu Juan
Published: November 2024

Background

Colonic epithelial cell apoptosis and pyroptosis had a close relationship with the pathological progression of ulcerative colitis (UC). LncRNA play a crucial role in the progression of UC. However, the role of the lncRNA MALAT1 in colonic epithelial cell apoptosis and pyroptosis remains unclear.

Methods

UC colitis cell model was established through lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. MiR-22-3p and MALAT1 expression in fetal human colon (FHC) cells were analyzed by qRT-PCR. Proliferation and apoptosis of FHCs were measured using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Pyroptosis indicators including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and N-gasdermin D (N-GSDMD) in FHCs were detected using ELISA, qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence.

Results

In this study, apoptosis was facilitated, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α levels were enhanced, NLRP3, caspase-1, N-GSDMD protein were increased, and MALAT1 expression was markedly increased in LPS-treated FHCs (LTFs). MALAT1 knockdown remarkably facilitated proliferation and suppressed apoptosis, reduced IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α levels, and decreased the protein of NLRP3, caspase-1, N-GSDMD. Furthermore, NLRP3 overexpression remarkably reversed the effect of MALAT1-downexpression in LTFs. In addition, miR-22-3p could bind with MALAT1 and NLRP3 3′ UTR. Furthermore, miR-22-3p inhibition remarkably reversed the effect of MALAT1 overexpression in LTFs.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that MALAT1 represents a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of UC by modulating the miR-22-3p/NLRP3 pathway, potentially leading to novel strategies for reducing inflammation and cell death in the colon.
Risk factors for postoperative hypokalemia in patients undergoing endoscopic pituitary adenoma resection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Maoxiang , Mo Changhong , Yan Sifan , Zhao Ruijing , Luo Weijian , Yang Lu , Wang Hao , Hu Jiliang
Published: November 2024

Background

Currently, endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is the primary approach for treating pituitary tumors. While endoscopic surgery offers numerous advantages, it also comes with a series of potential surgical complications. Postoperative hypokalemia is a common complication, with mild cases presenting with atypical symptoms such as dizziness, headache, fatigue, and constipation, while severe cases can lead to arrhythmias, rhabdomyolysis, and even death. Therefore, early identification of risk factors for postoperative hypokalemia is crucial. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for hypokalemia after endoscopic pituitary tumor resection.

Methods and Materials

This study included 168 patients who underwent endoscopic resection of pituitary tumors between 2019 and 2023. Patients were divided into hypokalemia group and non-hypokalemia group based on whether their postoperative serum potassium concentration was less than 3.0 mEq/L. Identifying independent risk factors through binary logistic regression analysis.

Results

Among the 168 patients, 18 (10.7%) cases experienced postoperative hypokalemia, with the majority occurring on the fourth day after surgery. The majority of patients did not exhibit clinical symptoms related to hypokalemia. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR 1.09; 95% CI [1.03–1.15]; P = 0.001) and postoperative hypoalbuminemia on the first day (OR, 4.35; 95% CI [1.38–13.75]; P = 0.012) were associated with postoperative hypokalemia.

Conclusions

Patients aged ≥50 years and those presenting with hypoalbuminemia on the first postoperative day were more likely to develop postoperative hypokalemia. Therefore, electrolyte monitoring should be enhanced in such patients postoperatively, especially to actively prevent hypokalemia on the 4th–5th postoperative day.
β-Defensin versus conventional markers of inflammation in periprosthetic joint infection: a retrospective study
Authors: Fernández-Torres Javier , Zamudio-Cuevas Yessica , Martínez-Flores Karina , López-Macay Ambar , Rosas-Alquicira Graciela , Martínez-Zavaleta María Guadalupe , López-Jácome Luis Esaú , Franco-Cendejas Rafael , Roldan-Valadez Ernesto
Published: November 2024

Background

Diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a significant challenge for healthcare professionals. Commonly utilized inflammatory markers include erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cells (WBC). Human β-defensin 1 (β-defensin) is an antimicrobial peptide elevated in infection, yet its diagnostic value for PJI has not been explored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of synovial β-defensin as a diagnostic marker for PJI and to compare its performance with ESR, serum CRP, and WBC.

Methods

We conducted a single-center retrospective study from October 2022 to June 2023. A total of 105 joint fluid samples from revision patients at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra were collected intraoperatively (71 hips, 34 knees) and frozen. According to MSIS criteria, 64 patients were defined as positive for PJI and the remaining 41 were negative. Synovial β-defensin levels were quantified using ELISA, serum CRP levels by immunoturbidimetry, and blood ESR and WBC were analyzed. Sensitivity and specificity were determined using ROC curves, and diagnostic performance was compared using the area under the curve (AUC). Cut-off values for diagnosing PJI were established.

Results

Levels of synovial β-defensin, ESR, serum CRP, and WBC were significantly higher in the PJI group compared to the non-PJI (P < 0.0001). The AUCs were 0.948 for β-defensin, 0.884 for ESR, 0.902 for CRP, and 0.767 for WBC, with a combined AUC of 0.994. Sensitivity/specificity for β-defensin, ESR, CRP, and WBC were 0.966/0.830, 0.887/0.791, 0.930/0.771, and 0.820/0.682, respectively. Optimal predictive cut-off values were 1105.8 pg/mL for β-defensin, 11.5 mm/h for ESR, 5.55 mg/L for CRP, and 7.3 × 103/mm3 for WBC.

Conclusion

The synovial β-defensin assay demonstrated greater sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of PJI compared to ESR, serum CRP and WBC. Therefore, β-defensin shows promise as a diagnostic marker for PJI. Simultaneous determination of all markers may increase diagnostic confidence.
Reinterpretación del Santuario de la Naturaleza humedales del río Maullín:
infraestructura multipropósito en el humedal Lepihué
Authors:   , Fiegehen Rojas María Teresa
Published: November 2024

Los humedales son ecosistemas vitales para la supervivencia humana, puesto
que, albergan una amplia diversidad biológica, proporcionan múltiples servicios
ecosistémicos fundamentales, y desempeñan un papel esencial en la mitigación de
los efectos del cambio climático. En el caso de nuestro país, existe una red de
humedales costeros a lo largo de toda la costa chilena, la cual también forma
parte integral de la importante red migratoria del Océano Pacífico. Dentro de
esta red de humedales costeros, destacan los humedales del río Maullín, uno de
los complejos con mayor biodiversidad de Chile continental. Este corredor
biológico, se compone de diferentes tipos de humedales, tales como planicies
intermareales, marismas, praderas inundables, hualves y pajonales de totora,
siendo rico en biodiversidad al ser hábitat de gran cantidad de especies tanto
residentes como migratorias. Por estas características pudo obtener la figura de
Santuario de la Naturaleza con el fin de preservar sus valiosos ecosistemas. Sin
embargo, a pesar de obtener una figura de protección, los humedales y, por ende,
los servicios que brindan enfrentan actualmente un riesgo inminente de deterioro
debido a la falta de regulación y gestión del territorio. Esta carencia de
planificación se ve reflejada en la presión antrópica ejercida tanto por los
residentes locales como por los visitantes, donde no se ha podido lograr un
equilibrio entre las actividades humanas y los procesos naturales de los
ecosistemas. Muchas de estas actividades son parte clave de la identidad
ribereña, por lo que la degradación y eventual pérdida de estos ecosistemas
recaen también en la pérdida de los valores sociales y culturales del paisaje
del río Maullín y por consecuencia, en la pérdida de su identidad.A través de un
proyecto de arquitectura del paisaje se proporcionan estrategias de
planificación y diseño, estableciendo medidas de protección habilitantes que
permitan el uso responsable y sostenible en los humedales, en actividades como
la recreación, el estudio científico, y la actividad productiva. Al tiempo que
contribuyen a la educación socioambiental de la comuna, con el fin de preservar
los valores ecosistémicos, sociales y culturales a futuro del río Maullín. Esto
se materializa en la propuesta de plan maestro para la red de humedales del río
Maullín y en el proyecto detonante en el humedal Lepihué.
Gelatin, Chitosan, and Beeswax Based Edible Packaging for Food Product: A Review
Authors: Nurrahmah Nabila Syifa , Rochima Emma , Rostini Iis , Pratama Rusky Intan
Published: November 2024

The widespread use of petroleum-based plastic packaging as food packaging has raised many concerns regarding the negative impact on the environment. The increase of public awareness on environmental problems and the importance of food safety has encouraged a lot of research regarding the development of environmentally friendly food packaging that is safe for food products, such as edible packaging. Gelatin, chitosan, and beeswax have attracted attention in edible packaging research due to their biodegradability and good film-forming characteristics. Chitosan and beeswax have also been reported to have antimicrobial properties that can improve the functional properties of edible packaging. Various studies have been carried out to obtain alternative packaging from a combination of these materials. This article reviews the potential application of edible packaging made from gelatin, chitosan, beeswax and their composites as packaging for food products.
An Analysis of Marketing Status of BT Cotton Seed in Devbhumi Dwarka District, Gujarat, India
Authors: Nakum M. M. , Patel R.M. , Kotvaliya N. A. , Gohil M. B.
Published: November 2024

The main objectives of the study were to assess the company’s distribution pattern of quality seed material their market share, marketing channels. Multistage sampling technique were adopted. The total 120 farmers and 20 dealers were selected from four taluka i.e., Bhanvad, Khambhalia, Kalyanpur, Okhamandal (Dwarka) of Devbhumi Dwarka district of Gujarat state. The five wholesaler/distributors were selected from district headquarters. The primary data were collected through personal interview with farmers, dealers, wholesaler/distributors using well-structured questionnaires and interview scheduled. Results revealed that most of Bt cotton growers to be middle aged farmers. The pattern of land holding distribution shows that majority of the Bt cotton growers belonged to the small and marginal land holding category. Social participation of Bt cotton growers shows that they are not members of any organization. The well was found to be the main source of irrigation water and most of Bt cotton growers were reported to attained primary level of education From the study, it was found that Rasi seed (P) Ltd. Occupied major market share in Devbhumi Dwarka district. Among different marketing channels, it was observed that marketing channel-I (MC-I) (Company→ Wholesaler/Distributors→ Dealer→ Bt cotton grower) is the most prevalent channel in the sampling area.
Constraint Analysis and Suggestion of Respondents Regarding Dairy Management Practices in Semi-Urban and Rural Areas
Authors: Kumar Arun , Verma Jitendra , Sahu Akshay
Published: November 2024

India needs to increase milk production which can be possible by narrowing down the gap between the existing technology and their adoption. Ensuring domestic demand and enduring top most position in the world, India needs to produce 300-400 million tones of milk by 2050 (Vision 2050, 2015). The dairy is a business which provides the continuous source of income to the occupants and in case of landless person who are economically week, livestock farming is a better option. The research was based on a survey done in 2022-23 to analyzing constraint and suggestion of respondents regarding dairy management practices in semi-urban and rural areas of Fatehpur district in Uttar Pradesh. 15 respondents from each selected semi-urban and rural villages were randomly selected to constitute 120 samples (60 semi-urban + 60 rural). The perceived constraints have been studies under different aspects like: personal constraints, economical constraints, technological constraints and marketing constraints. The semi-urban respondents has perceived most serious type constraints viz., lack of poor economic condition of farmers, dysfunctional of animal insurance schemes, A.I. and BAIF centers are away from the village, lack of remunerative milk prices. Whereas rural respondents has perceived most serious type constraints viz., lack of interest of other family members, veterinary medicines are very costly for treatment of sick animals, A.I. and BAIF centers are away from the village, poor transportation also affects adversity in proper disposal of milk products. Suggestions as perceived by semi-urban respondents viz., ‘educational programmes regarding cattle breeds improvement for higher milk production should be initiated’ was ranked first whether in case of rural dairy farmers ‘government must provide marketing facilities at village level for selling the milk and milk products’ was ranked first.
Characterization of Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Associated with Leaf Curl and Yellowing Disease of Bitter Gourd from Karnataka, India
Authors: Purushotham Pooja , Nagaraju N. , Padmaja A. S. , Nateshan H. M. , Nagesha S. N. , Rakhonde Gaurav , Srinivasa Bukya
Published: November 2024

Aims: The objective of this study was to identify the ToLCNDV isolate responsible for leaf curl and yellowing disease in bitter gourd crops in Karnataka, India.
Study Design:  Molecular characterisation and transmission study.
Place and Duration of Study: The laboratory studies were conducted in the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore-560065.
Methodology: The sample was collected and subjected to molecular characterization using specific primer for ToLCNDV and sent for sequencing. Vector and sap transmission studies were also carried out.
Results: PCR-mediated detection revealed the presence of ToLCNDV, although it was not coupled with any satellite molecules. The partial genome sequencing of the AV1 gene revealed more than 97% similarity with ToLCNDV isolates. The isolate under investigation was identified as a ToLCNDV isolate and given the name ToLCNDV_GKVK_BT due to high sequence identities and phylogenetic links between the incomplete DNA-A genome and ToLCNDV isolates. The transmission experiments demonstrated that it was effectively transmitted via vector and sap transfer.
Conclusion: This study identified the ToLCNDV isolate responsible for leaf curl and yellowing disease in bitter gourd crops in Karnataka, India. Identifying, characterizing at the molecular level, and understanding the transmission of begomoviruses are essential steps in developing effective management approaches to minimize agricultural losses caused by these viruses. Therefore, these findings are important for identifying the leaf curl disease of bitter gourd.
Influence of Low Concentration of Paclobutrazol and Its Application Close to the Main Trunk on Fruiting of Mango in Ultra High Density Plantations
Authors: Soman P. , Chaudhari A. , Selvakumar P.
Published: November 2024

Control of flowering and fruiting in mango is achieved by the application of Paclobutrazol (PBZ) in many commercial orchards. However, growers tend to use very high concentrations of the chemical, resulting in high costs of operation and long-term effects. This study examines the impact of low concentrations and varying application methods of PBZ on mango fruit yield in ultra-high-density plantations. Here 3 methods of application and 4 levels of PBZ concentrations (PBZ 23% SC) were tried in a 3 year study. Application of PBZ at N1 (close to the trunk, also termed as collar drench), N2 (20 cm away from the trunk) and N3, (1 m away from the trunk), all resulted in similar number of fruits and fruit weights. Using very low concentrations of PBZ, 4 (0.37 g a.i. /m canopy diameter (cd), 5 (0.46 g a.i. /m cd) and 6 (0.55 g a.i. /m cd) ml/2 liter water, it was found that the lowest 0.37 g a.i. /m cd is enough to get statistically higher fruit yield. These findings: a very low dose of PBZ can result in high productivity and a requirement of least volume of the solution when applied as a collar drench would make the use of PBZ more sustainable and encourage more growers to adopt the hormonal use for mango production.
Seasonal Change and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) Effect on Survival and Branch Development in Culm Cuttings of Bambusa balcooa Roxb. and Dendrocalamus stocksii Munro
Authors: Xaxa Sindhu , Ilorkar V.M. , Toppo Pratap , Singh Lalji , Raut P.D.
Published: November 2024

The experiment was conducted under nursery condition in agroforestry research farm, Nagpur (Maharashtra), India during year 2023-24 to investigate the impact of various concentrations of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatments on plant survival percentage and branch production during two distinct seasons, the rainy (S1) and summer (S2) periods. The experiment was consisting of 12 treatment combinations based on two factors. Cuttings were treated with IBA 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, 2000 ppm and 2500 ppm. In the rainy season, survival rates ranged from 16.67% (control) to 80.00% (2500 ppm), with the highest survival at 2500 ppm in culm cuttings of B2. The number of branches per plant varied from 0.67 to 2.67 across treatments. No significant interaction was observed between the factors for both survival and branching in this season. During the summer season, survival rates were higher, ranging from 59.00% (control) to 96.67% (2500 ppm). The number of branches also increased significantly, reaching up to 9.00 branches in the 2000 ppm treatment for culm cuttings of B2. A significant interaction was noted for survival percentage between IBA concentration and branches in the summer season, while branching was not significantly affected by the interaction. Overall, the application of IBA, especially at higher concentrations, positively influenced survival and branching, with more pronounced effects in the summer season compared to the rainy season.
Communication Behaviour of Turmeric Growers in Chhattisgarh Plain
Authors: Dhruw Yuvaraj Singh , Pradhan S. K. , Painkra V. K.
Published: November 2024

A Research on communication behaviour of turmeric growers in Chhattisgarh plain was undertaken to find out the information seeking behavior used by turmeric growers. A total of 320 farmers (160 beneficiaries and 160 non-beneficiaries) were selected randomly. Data collection was done by the use of interview schedule through personnel interview. The study revealed that maximum number of the beneficiaries (48.12%) and non-beneficiaries (55.00%) were found in medium level of extension contact. Whereas, farmers used mass media it was observed that maximum number of the beneficiaries (45.63%) and non-beneficiaries (50.62%) were used medium level of mass media.
Response of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) to Pruning Intensities and Foliar Application of Nutrients on Growth Attributes
Authors: Anjanawe S R , Pandey S K , Pandey C S , Nair Reena , Sharma Asheesh
Published: November 2024

The experiment was conducted on nine year old well-established guava orchard planted at 3.0 × 3.0 m spacing to study the response of foliar feeding of nutrients and pruning intensities on the growth attributes of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Allahabad Safeda during 2022-23 and 2023-24 at Horticultural orchard at Powarkheda, Narmadapuram under the Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, JNKVV Jabalpur (M.P.). The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with three replications. The treatment consist of two factor (A) three levels of pruning, i.e. No pruning (P0), pruning of 25cm shoot from tip (P1), pruning of 50cm shoot from tip (P2) and factor ( B) thirteen  levels of nutrients No- Control, N1-Urea @ 2%, N2- Urea @ 3%, N3-Nano urea @ 0.2% N4- Nano urea @0.3%,N5 –Zinc @ 0.4%,N6- Zinc @ 0.6%,N7- Nano zinc @ 0.04%, N8-Nano zinc @ 0.06%, N9- Iron @ 0.3%,N10-Iron @ 0.5%,N11-Nano iron @ 0.03%,N12-Nano iron @0.5%. The results revealed that the maximum increase in - plant height (11.85%), plant spread N-S (12.77%), plant spread E-W (13.76%), length of new sprout (16.87cm) & (30.85cm) and diameter of new sprout (2.57mm) & (3.47mm) at 60 and 90 days after pruning (DAP) respectively were recorded in P2 (pruning of 50cm shoot from tip). While, minimum was observed under treatment N0 (no pruning). With respect to foliar application of nutrients, the maximum increase in plant height (11.13%), plant spread N-S (12.23%), plant spread E-W (13.33%), length of new sprout (16.18cm) & (30.16cm) and diameter of new sprout (2.53mm) & (3.45mm) at 60 and 90 DAP respectively were recorded in N2 (Urea @3%) and minimum was found in N0 (control).  Among, the treatment combinations, P2N2 (pruning of 50cm shoot from tip + Urea @ 3%) was found most superior with respect to the maximum, increase in plant height (12.50%), plant spread N-S (13.40%), plant spread E-W (14.83%), length of new sprout (17.68cm) & (31.65cm) and diameter of new sprout (2.71mm) & (3.61mm) at 60 and 90 DAP respectively.
Antifungal Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles against Anthracnose and Southern Blight Disease in Green Gram
Authors: Hakeem Hasna , Somwanshi S. D. , Magar S. J. , Subadarsani S. , Shinde K. B.
Published: November 2024

Nanotechnology has rapidly advanced in the 21st century, with significant developments in the synthesis and application of nanoparticles. ZnNps (Zinc nanoparticles) were synthesized using extracts from mehandi (Lawsonia inermis), neem (Azadirachta indica), marigold (Tagetus erecta) and ginger (Zingiber officinalis). ZnNps were synthesized after analyzing the compatability of the plant extracts with the test pathogens.
This study investigates the antifungal activity of green synthesized zinc nanoparticles (ZnNps) in the laboratory against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causative agent of anthracnose in mung beans and Sclerotium rolfsii causing southern blight in mung bean using the poisoned food technique. Various concentrations (100ppm, 250ppm and 500ppm) of zinc nanoparticles derived from neem, mehandi, marigold and ginger were evaluated alongside corresponding plant extracts and Zinc nitrate hexahydrate at 250ppm. Results indicated significant fungistatic activity, with Mehandi ZnNps at 500ppm exhibiting the highest efficacy, demonstrating minimal mycelial growth (28.00mm) and a growth inhibition rate of 68.88% followed by Marigold and Neem ZnNps against Colletotrichum. As for Sclerotium, Neem ZnNps at 500 ppm exhibiting the highest efficacy, demonstrating minimal mycelial growth (15.00 mm) and a growth inhibition rate of 83.33% followed by ginger and Mehandi. All tested ZnNps concentrations outperformed their respective plant extracts and Zinc nitrate hexahydrate, confirming the potential of green synthesized ZnNps as effective agents. This study provides an eco-friendly alternative to chemical fungicides, addressing the increasing need for sustainable agricultural practices to combat fungal diseases in mung beans. These findings underscore the potential of green synthesized ZnNps as effective ecofriendly fungicides.
Inovações No Tratamento Da Diabetes Tipo 2: Terapias De Alta Precisão E Monitoramento Contínuo De Glicose
Authors: Aragão Iapunira Catarina Sant’Anna , Aragão Felipe Matheus Sant’Anna , Reis Francisco Prado , Aragão José Aderval
Published: November 2024

A diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) é uma das doenças crônicas mais prevalentes no mundo, afetando milhões de pessoas e associada a complicações graves, como doenças cardiovasculares, insuficiência renal e amputações. O tratamento tradicional da DM2 envolve o controle rigoroso da glicose sanguínea por meio de medicamentos orais, insulina e mudanças no estilo de vida, como dieta e exercícios físicos (AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION, 2020). No entanto, os avanços tecnológicos nas últimas décadas proporcionaram novas perspectivas para o tratamento, com ênfase em terapias de alta precisão e no monitoramento contínuo da glicose, oferecendo uma personalização do tratamento e um controle glicêmico mais efetivo (ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DA SAÚDE, 2021). Entre as principais inovações, destaca-se o sistema de monitoramento contínuo de glicose (CGM), que oferece uma visão dinâmica dos níveis de glicose no sangue, permitindo ajustes mais precisos no tratamento (JOHNSON, 2021). Esses dispositivos utilizam sensores subcutâneos que medem os níveis de glicose em tempo real e transmitem dados diretamente para aplicativos móveis ou dispositivos portáteis (BROWN et al., 2019). Estudos indicam que o uso de CGM está associado a uma melhoria significativa no controle glicêmico e na redução da variabilidade glicêmica, fatores cruciais para a prevenção de complicações de longo prazo (LEE et al., 2020). As terapias de alta precisão, por sua vez, têm revolucionado o tratamento da DM2, ao focar em alvos moleculares específicos, como os inibidores de SGLT2 e os agonistas do receptor GLP-1, que não apenas melhoram o controle glicêmico, mas também proporcionam benefícios adicionais, como perda de peso e proteção cardiovascular (GREEN et al., 2021). Aliadas à inteligência artificial e ao uso de algoritmos avançados, essas terapias permitem uma personalização mais precisa do tratamento, ajustando doses e regimes com base nas respostas individuais dos pacientes (KIM et al., 2022). Este artigo examina as inovações no tratamento da diabetes tipo 2, com foco nos avanços das terapias de alta precisão e no impacto do monitoramento contínuo da glicose. Ao apresentar uma análise detalhada das tecnologias e medicamentos emergentes, esta pesquisa contribui para a compreensão das mudanças no paradigma do tratamento da DM2, oferecendo insights sobre como essas inovações podem melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e reduzir o risco de complicações (AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION, 2020). O desenvolvimento contínuo dessas terapias e tecnologias representa uma oportunidade para transformar o manejo da DM2, fornecendo cuidados mais eficazes e personalizados (ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DA SAÚDE, 2021).
Novas Tecnologias No Diagnóstico Precoce De Doenças Cardiovasculares: O Papel Da Inteligência Artificial E Da Telemedicina
Authors: Aragão Felipe Matheus Sant’Anna , Aragão Iapunira Catarina Sant’Anna , Reis Francisco Prado , Aragão José Aderval
Published: November 2024

As doenças cardiovasculares (DCVs) representam um grande desafio de saúde pública, sendo responsáveis por 31% de todas as mortes globais, de acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde (2021). A mortalidade associada a essas condições sublinha a necessidade urgente de inovações no diagnóstico precoce e na gestão clínica, a fim de prevenir complicações graves e salvar vidas. Nos últimos anos, o avanço das tecnologias emergentes, como a Inteligência Artificial (IA) e a telemedicina, tem transformado o panorama do diagnóstico de DCVs, promovendo uma revolução no campo da cardiologia. A IA, em particular, se destaca por sua capacidade de processar grandes volumes de dados clínicos de forma rápida e precisa, permitindo a identificação de padrões complexos que podem passar despercebidos em métodos tradicionais. Ao analisar exames de imagem, como ecocardiogramas e tomografias, a IA tem demonstrado melhorar significativamente a acurácia diagnóstica, o que possibilita a detecção precoce de doenças cardiovasculares. Além disso, essa tecnologia oferece uma abordagem personalizada, ajustando o tratamento de acordo com as características individuais de cada paciente, levando em consideração fatores genéticos e comportamentais (BROWN et al., 2021). Por outro lado, a telemedicina tem permitido o monitoramento remoto de pacientes, especialmente aqueles com risco elevado de eventos cardiovasculares. Essa tecnologia facilita a coleta contínua de dados clínicos, como pressão arterial e frequência cardíaca, que podem ser transmitidos aos médicos em tempo real, promovendo uma intervenção rápida em caso de anomalias. A telemedicina também tem o potencial de reduzir a necessidade de consultas presenciais, o que facilita o acompanhamento de pacientes em áreas remotas ou com dificuldades de acesso aos serviços de saúde (JOHNSON et al., 2022). Essas tecnologias emergentes não apenas otimizam o diagnóstico e o tratamento, mas também têm o potencial de reduzir custos ao diminuir hospitalizações desnecessárias e promover uma gestão mais eficiente dos recursos de saúde. No entanto, existem desafios a serem superados para garantir sua adoção generalizada. A acessibilidade ainda é uma questão crítica, uma vez que muitos países de baixa e média renda enfrentam barreiras para implementar essas tecnologias. Além disso, a capacitação dos profissionais de saúde é essencial para garantir o uso adequado dessas ferramentas, permitindo que seu potencial seja plenamente realizado (KIM et al., 2021). A IA e a telemedicina oferecem uma oportunidade sem precedentes para transformar a cardiologia, proporcionando diagnósticos mais precisos e acessíveis, mas sua implementação requer soluções para questões de custo, infraestrutura e treinamento.
How Do Pollution Levels In The Yamuna River Affect Microbial Diversity, And What Role Can Bioremediation Play In Reducing Toxic Compounds?
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Published: November 2024

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Published: November 2024

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Impact Of Work Environment Factors On The Mental Health Of Nurses In Psychiatric Settings
Authors: Hamed Khaled
Published: November 2024

Background: The mental health of nurses in psychiatric settings is profoundly influenced by specific work environment factors, including the health profession's culture, excessive workload, and workplace violence (Ugwu, 2020; Neves, 2021). This study explores the impact of workload, bullying, and support mechanisms, uniquely focusing on their effects within mental health nursing. Objective: To identify and analyze how distinct environmental stressors such as workload, role ambiguity, and lack of support affect mental health outcomes among nurses in psychiatric care facilities, aiming to propose targeted interventions. Methods: Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study surveyed 382 mental health nurses using both quantitative Likert-scale questionnaires and qualitative interviews. The methodology, supported by the postpositivist paradigm, was selected for its appropriateness in addressing the complex dynamics of psychiatric nursing settings (Ugwu, 2020). Results: The study found that high workload, frequent exposure to workplace bullying, and insufficient support systems are critical stressors significantly compromising mental health nurses' well-being and job satisfaction. Particularly, nurses with less than two years of experience in mental health settings were most vulnerable to these negative impacts. Conclusion: Addressing these key environmental factors is crucial for improving mental health nurses' working conditions and, consequently, the quality of care provided in psychiatric settings. The study suggests implementing structured support systems and policy reforms aimed at reducing workplace stressors