bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Trocadilho”
Authors: Alves Simone , Laranjeira Carolina Dias
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo apresenta um dos resultados de uma pesquisa de Mestrado desenvolvida em colaboração com crianças da turma do Pré-Escolar II e professoras de um CREI (Centro de Referência de Educação Infantil) na periferia de João Pessoa - PB. Desde a experiência artística profissional adquirida no Circo, narra-se o percurso de criação de uma proposta pedagógica baseada na junção da arte circense com os jogos e as brincadeiras infantis. Tal proposta, chamada de “Trocadilho”, é analisada ao descrever princípios e conteúdos próprios dos saberes artísticos e educativos do circo e identificar parâmetros que guiam o currículo praticado a partir das diretrizes da Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC. A intervenção no ambiente educacional, provocada pela proposta, permite afirmar que é possível aprender o circo por meio das culturas infantis, ao mesmo tempo em que se permite à comunidade escolar e não apenas ao público infantil o brincar por meio do circo.
Da literatura à cena
Authors: Vogel Joana Leticia Araujo
Published: September 2021

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma Proposta Pedagógica2 de apropriação literária e teatral, a partir do romance “Dom Casmurro” de Machado de Assis, no contexto da disciplinade Arte no Colégio Estadual São Cristóvão, em União da Vitória, Paraná, vinculada ao Mestrado Profissional em Artes - UDESC. Seguindo as orientações dos marcos legais da BNCC e das Diretrizes e Bases da Educação do estado do Paraná, investigamos as possibilidades de fomentar repertório para processos criativos teatrais na escola por meio da literatura, leituracompartilhada, escrita colaborativa e jogos teatrais. A metodologia aplicada à prática foi de pesquisa-ação com procedimentos de pesquisa participante e pesquisa bibliográfica. Os principais conceitos em discussão são a leitura compartilhada (VIDOR, 2016), recepção literária (ZUMTHOR, 2000), o prazer e a fruição do texto (BARTHES, 2015), a apropriação no âmbito da literatura e do teatro (MARTINS, 2004), a escrita individual e colaborativa (NICOLETE, 2002), a composição cênica (PUPO, 2005; MARTINS, 2004). O processo de apropriação resultou em três cenas que foram construídas em conjunto e apresentadas como resultado à comunidade escolar.
At kalde sygdommen ved dens rette navn. Om spedalskhed i Sydindien
Authors: Aagard-Hansen Jens
Published: September 2021

The article focuses on communication in a medical anthropological context. Based on empirical data from a leprosy eradication programme in Tamil Nadu in India, it is indicated how the terminology and the semantics of the sickness influence the medical work. During the fieldwork, 3 biomedical synonyms and 24 Tamil layterms were registered. The choice of label for the ailment in question had clear implications for health education activities, population surveys, as well as treatment compliance.
Oksehakkerne
Authors: Andersen Hans Harrestrup
Published: September 2021

Oksehakkeren (Buphagus erythorhynchus) er en uanseelig, brunlig fugl pa storrelse med

en stær. Den forekommer i store dele af tropisk Afrika, hvor den overvejende lever af de

insekter, der snylter i skindet pa de store planteadere bl.a. bofler, giraffer og nasehorn.

Et nasehorn kan veje over tre et halvt ton, oksehakkeren vejer 80 gram. Forholdet svarer

til en loppe og et voksent menneske, ikke just noget tyngende problem for vartsorganismen.

Man diskuterer, hvorvidt oksehakkeren gavner nasehornet. Det er tvivlsomt, om

den store, narsynede tykhud er sig de sma fugles eksistens bevidst.

Antropologerne er begyndt at interessere sig for den kampemassige, forkromede,

milliardomsattende gren af naturvidenskaben, der betegnes lagevidenskab, og i den

forbindelse har man nedsat et udvalg, der skal skabe „dialog og debat i lagestanden

omkring omradet kultur og sygdom*1 (Dyhr 1993). Nogle af resultaterne fra en temadag

betitlet „Det lagelige dilemma mellem en naturvidenskabelig forstaelse og lagers almenmenneskelige

erfaring** er blevet bragt i Ugeskrift for Lager. Her lagger udvalgets

formand, lage Lise Dyhr, flot ud med udvalgets sygdomsdefmition: „Sygdom er det,

patienter og lager pa henholdsvis gruppe- og individplan opfatter som sygdom**. En

kortfattet, klokkeren cirkelslutning.
C. G. N. Mascie-Taylor (ed.): The Anthropology of Disease
Authors: Aagaard-Hansen Jens
Published: September 2021

C. G. N. Mascie-Taylor (ed.): The Anthropology of Disease

Anmeldes af Jens Aagaard-Hansen
Daniel Miller (ed.): Unwrapping Christmas
Authors: Liep John
Published: September 2021

Daniel Miller (ed.): Unwrapping Christmas

Anmeldes af John Liep
Robert W. Stern: Changing India. Bourgeois Revolution on the Subcontinent
Authors: Lerche Jens
Published: September 2021

Robert W. Stern: Changing India. Bourgeois Revolution on the Subcontinent

Anmeldes af Jens Lerche
Noellie Vialles: From Animal to Edible
Authors: Knudsen Anne
Published: September 2021

Noellie Vialles: From Animal to Edible

Anmeldes af Anne Knudsen
Redaktionen har modtaget
Authors: Redaktionen TA
Published: September 2021

Redaktionen har modtaget
Forfatterliste
Authors: Redaktionen TA
Published: September 2021

Forfatterliste
Der må være en kant. En diskussion af forskellige opfattelser af rum og virkelighed i lyset af Kants teori om rummet
Authors: Madsen Henrik
Published: September 2021

This article discusses to what extent is makes sense to talk about different conceptions of space, and different experiences of space. According to Kant our sense perceptions are organized by a unique set of categories and by the form of our inner and outer sense, time and space respectively. To Kant, this spatial intuition is culturally invariant because it is a condition for the possibility of any experience whatsoever. Without accepting Kant’s terminology the author agrees that certain rudimentary abilities of spatial orientation have to be presupposed as universally shared. However, we do seem to have different ways of conceiving and thinking about space. Within our own culture we can distinguish between subjective/personal, public/official and scientific conceptions of space. It is argued that in other cultures, where these conceptions are different, we should be weary of a quasi-Kantian position which attributes such differences to differences in ‘categorial schemes’, and which further claims that these are conditions for the possibility of experience in this specific culture. Such a culturally speciftc a priori category confuses conditions for any possible experience with possible experiences. Furthermore, it ignores epistemological distinctions we readily employ within our own cultures.
Brasília - modernismens monument
Authors: Schøllhammer Karl Erik
Published: September 2021

The first part of the article is dedicated to a historical review of the foundation of Brazil’s present Capital - from the very first intentions of the 18th century colonial times when the foundation of a new Capital was seen as part of a movement towards national independence, up to the optimistic 1950s when the project became a fundamental element in a ‘new age’ of social progress and economic prosperity. At the same time, Brasflia was offered as an utopian playground for modem urbanistic and architectural thoughts, formulated by Liicio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer with inspiration from international functionalist trends. The realization of Brasflia contained both the motivation to accelerate national development aiming at integration into the industrial world, and the intention that this new city could humanize an unjust economic system. The second part of the article discusses the urbanistic project and its inherent symbolic and utopian motives, as well as the experiences of the present inhabitants, evaluating the expectations of Brasflia thirty years after.
Jeremy Coote & Anthony Shelton (eds.): Anthropology, Art, and Aesthetics
Authors: Raahauge Kirsten Marie
Published: September 2021

Jeremy Coote & Anthony Shelton (eds.): Anthropology, Art, and Aesthetics

Anmeldes af Kirsten Marie Raahauge
Ulla Hasager & Jonathan Friedman (eds.): Hawai'i - Return to Nationhood
Authors: Hviding Edvard
Published: September 2021

Ulla Hasager & Jonathan Friedman (eds.): Hawai'i - Return to Nationhood

Anmeldes af Edvard Hviding
Douglas H. Johnson: Nuer Prophets. A history of Prophecy from the Upper Nile in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Johnsen Nina
Published: September 2021

Douglas H. Johnson: Nuer Prophets. A history of Prophecy from the Upper Nile in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Anmeldes af Nina Johnsen
Carl-Ulrik Schierup: På kulturens slagmark: mindretal og størretal taler om Danmark
Authors: Sampson Steven
Published: September 2021

Carl-Ulrik Schierup: På kulturens slagmark: mindretal og størretal taler om Danmark

Anmeldes af Steven Sampson
Regina Schulte: The Village in Court. Arson, Infanticide, and Poaching in the Court Records of Upper Bavaria, 1848-1910
Authors: Knudsen Anne
Published: September 2021

Regina Schulte: The Village in Court. Arson, Infanticide, and Poaching in the Court Records of Upper Bavaria, 1848-1910

Anmeldes af Anne Knudsen
Redaktionelt forord
Authors: Redaktionen TA
Published: September 2021

Redaktionelt forord
CEREMONIELLE DIALOGISKE HILSNER BLANDT KUNA-INDIANERNE I PANAMA
Authors: Scherzer Joel
Published: September 2021

Joel Sherzer: Ceremonial Dialogic

Greetings among the Kuna Indians of

Panama

The Kuna Indians of Panama are the most

northern group in Niels Fock’s comparative

survey of ceremonial dialogue in lowland

South America. Ceremonial dialogue is the

form in which chiefs perform myth, history,

and personal experience, in a chanted ritual

and metaphorical language, to the Kuna

community. Arkan kae, the ritual greeting

between two chiefs from separate villages, is

also performed in this way. The language of

arkan kae, like the language of Kuna

ceremonial dialogue more generally, is

ritual, metaphorical, and poetic. With regard

to content, arkan kae deals with the health of

the chiefs and their villages, their travels,

and their experiences. Arkan kae is the focus

of this report, which includes a representative

example. While not as ritually

elaborated or structured, the arkan kae

pattem of ceremonial dialogic greeting

emerges between two friends or family

members who have not seen one another for

a long time, as they report and narrate to one

another about their experiences during the

period when they were separated. It should

also be pointed out that the ceremonial

dialogic model for speech, widespread in

indigenous, oral societies in Latin America,

is gradually but sometimes brutally

becoming replaced with another model, with

which it has long been in competition and

conflict, the European derived, monologic

and literate model.
Tobias Hecht: At Home in the Street. Street Children of Northeast Brazil
Authors: Molding Malene
Published: September 2021

Anmeldes af Malene Molding
Enquete: Kan dystopier gøre verden til et bedre sted?
Authors: Sjørslev Inger
Published: September 2021

Enquete: Kan dystopier gøre verden til et bedre sted?
Antropologiens landskaber. Fratrædelsesforelæsning, 23. februar 2018
Authors: Hastrup Kirsten
Published: September 2021

Antropologiens landskaber. Fratrædelsesforelæsning, 23. februar 2018
Jason Antrosio & Rudi Colloredo-Mansfield: Fast, Easy, and In Cash. Artisan Hardship and Hope in the Global Economy
Authors: Rasmussen Mattias Borg
Published: September 2021

Jason Antrosio & Rudi Colloredo-Mansfield: Fast, Easy, and In Cash. Artisan Hardship and Hope in the Global Economy

Anmeldes af Mattias Borg Rasmussen
A framework for studying behavioral evolution by reconstructing ancestral repertoires
Authors: Hernández Damián G , Rivera Catalina , Cande Jessica , Zhou Baohua , Stern David L , Berman Gordon J
Published: September 2021

Although different animal species often exhibit extensive variation in many behaviors, typically scientists examine one or a small number of behaviors in any single study. Here, we propose a new framework to simultaneously study the evolution of many behaviors. We measured the behavioral repertoire of individuals from six species of fruit flies using unsupervised techniques and identified all stereotyped movements exhibited by each species. We then fit a Generalized Linear Mixed Model to estimate the intra- and inter-species behavioral covariances, and, by using the known phylogenetic relationships among species, we estimated the (unobserved) behaviors exhibited by ancestral species. We found that much of intra-specific behavioral variation has a similar covariance structure to previously described long-time scale variation in an individual’s behavior, suggesting that much of the measured variation between individuals of a single species in our assay reflects differences in the status of neural networks, rather than genetic or developmental differences between individuals. We then propose a method to identify groups of behaviors that appear to have evolved in a correlated manner, illustrating how sets of behaviors, rather than individual behaviors, likely evolved. Our approach provides a new framework for identifying co-evolving behaviors and may provide new opportunities to study the mechanistic basis of behavioral evolution.
DeepEthogram, a machine learning pipeline for supervised behavior classification from raw pixels
Authors: Bohnslav James P , Wimalasena Nivanthika K , Clausing Kelsey J , Dai Yu Y , Yarmolinsky David A , Cruz Tomás , Kashlan Adam D , Chiappe M Eugenia , Orefice Lauren L , Woolf Clifford J , Harvey Christopher D
Published: September 2021

Videos of animal behavior are used to quantify researcher-defined behaviors of interest to study neural function, gene mutations, and pharmacological therapies. Behaviors of interest are often scored manually, which is time-consuming, limited to few behaviors, and variable across researchers. We created DeepEthogram: software that uses supervised machine learning to convert raw video pixels into an ethogram, the behaviors of interest present in each video frame. DeepEthogram is designed to be general-purpose and applicable across species, behaviors, and video-recording hardware. It uses convolutional neural networks to compute motion, extract features from motion and images, and classify features into behaviors. Behaviors are classified with above 90% accuracy on single frames in videos of mice and flies, matching expert-level human performance. DeepEthogram accurately predicts rare behaviors, requires little training data, and generalizes across subjects. A graphical interface allows beginning-to-end analysis without end-user programming. DeepEthogram’s rapid, automatic, and reproducible labeling of researcher-defined behaviors of interest may accelerate and enhance supervised behavior analysis. Code is available at: https://github.com/jbohnslav/deepethogram.
Ascorbic acid supports ex vivo generation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells from circulating hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Laustsen Anders , van der Sluis Renée M , Gris-Oliver Albert , Hernández Sabina Sánchez , Cemalovic Ena , Tang Hai Q , Pedersen Lars Henning , Uldbjerg Niels , Jakobsen Martin R , Bak Rasmus O
Published: September 2021

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) constitute a rare type of immune cell with multifaceted functions, but their potential use as a cell-based immunotherapy is challenged by the scarce cell numbers that can be extracted from blood. Here, we systematically investigate culture parameters for generating pDCs from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Using optimized conditions combined with implementation of HSPC pre-expansion, we generate an average of 465 million HSPC-derived pDCs (HSPC-pDCs) starting from 100,000 cord blood-derived HSPCs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that such protocol allows HSPC-pDC generation from whole-blood HSPCs, and these cells display a pDC phenotype and function. Using GMP-compliant medium, we observe a remarkable loss of TLR7/9 responses, which is rescued by ascorbic acid supplementation. Ascorbic acid induces transcriptional signatures associated with pDC-specific innate immune pathways, suggesting an undescribed role of ascorbic acid for pDC functionality. This constitutes the first protocol for generating pDCs from whole blood and lays the foundation for investigating HSPC-pDCs for cell-based immunotherapy.
Heparin-binding motif mutations of human diamine oxidase allow the development of a first-in-class histamine-degrading biopharmaceutical
Authors: Gludovacz Elisabeth , Schuetzenberger Kornelia , Resch Marlene , Tillmann Katharina , Petroczi Karin , Schosserer Markus , Vondra Sigrid , Vakal Serhii , Klanert Gerald , Pollheimer Jürgen , Salminen Tiina A , Jilma Bernd , Borth Nicole , Boehm Thomas
Published: September 2021

Background:

Excessive plasma histamine concentrations cause symptoms in mast cell activation syndrome, mastocytosis, or anaphylaxis. Anti-histamines are often insufficiently efficacious. Human diamine oxidase (hDAO) can rapidly degrade histamine and therefore represents a promising new treatment strategy for conditions with pathological histamine concentrations.

Methods:

Positively charged amino acids of the heparin-binding motif of hDAO were replaced with polar serine or threonine residues. Binding to heparin and heparan sulfate, cellular internalization and clearance in rodents were examined.

Results:

Recombinant hDAO is rapidly cleared from the circulation in rats and mice. After mutation of the heparin-binding motif, binding to heparin and heparan sulfate was strongly reduced. The double mutant rhDAO-R568S/R571T showed minimal cellular uptake. The short α-distribution half-life of the wildtype protein was eliminated, and the clearance was significantly reduced in rodents.

Conclusions:

The successful decrease in plasma clearance of rhDAO by mutations of the heparin-binding motif with unchanged histamine-degrading activity represents the first step towards the development of rhDAO as a first-in-class biopharmaceutical to effectively treat diseases characterized by excessive histamine concentrations in plasma and tissues.

Funding:

Austrian Science Fund (FWF) Hertha Firnberg program grant T1135 (EG); Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Medicinska Understödsförening Liv och Hälsa rft (TAS and SeV).
Understanding patterns of HIV multi-drug resistance through models of temporal and spatial drug heterogeneity
Authors: Feder Alison F , Harper Kristin N , Brumme Chanson J , Pennings Pleuni S
Published: September 2021

Triple-drug therapies have transformed HIV from a fatal condition to a chronic one. These therapies should prevent HIV drug resistance evolution, because one or more drugs suppress any partially resistant viruses. In practice, such therapies drastically reduced, but did not eliminate, resistance evolution. In this article, we reanalyze published data from an evolutionary perspective and demonstrate several intriguing patterns about HIV resistance evolution - resistance evolves (1) even after years on successful therapy, (2) sequentially, often via one mutation at a time and (3) in a partially predictable order. We describe how these observations might emerge under two models of HIV drugs varying in space or time. Despite decades of work in this area, much opportunity remains to create models with realistic parameters for three drugs, and to match model outcomes to resistance rates and genetic patterns from individuals on triple-drug therapy. Further, lessons from HIV may inform other systems.
Glycolytic preconditioning in astrocytes mitigates trauma-induced neurodegeneration
Authors: Solano Fonseca Rene , Metang Patrick , Egge Nathan , Liu Yingjian , Zuurbier Kielen R , Sivaprakasam Karthigayini , Shirazi Shawn , Chuah Ashleigh , Arneaud Sonja LB , Konopka Genevieve , Qian Dong , Douglas Peter M
Published: September 2021

Concussion is associated with a myriad of deleterious immediate and long-term consequences. Yet the molecular mechanisms and genetic targets promoting the selective vulnerability of different neural subtypes to dysfunction and degeneration remain unclear. Translating experimental models of blunt force trauma in C. elegans to concussion in mice, we identify a conserved neuroprotective mechanism in which reduction of mitochondrial electron flux through complex IV suppresses trauma-induced degeneration of the highly vulnerable dopaminergic neurons. Reducing cytochrome C oxidase function elevates mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species, which signal through the cytosolic hypoxia inducing transcription factor, Hif1a, to promote hyperphosphorylation and inactivation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase, PDHE1α. This critical enzyme initiates the Warburg shunt, which drives energetic reallocation from mitochondrial respiration to astrocyte-mediated glycolysis in a neuroprotective manner. These studies demonstrate a conserved process in which glycolytic preconditioning suppresses Parkinson-like hypersensitivity of dopaminergic neurons to trauma-induced degeneration via redox signaling and the Warburg effect.
Niveles de ferritina en artritis idiopática juvenil de inicio sistémico comparada con otras fiebres de origen desconocido: estudio multicéntrico de pruebas diagnósticas
Authors: Eraso Ruth , Benítez Claudia Patricia , Jaramillo Sergio , Acosta-Reyes Jorge , Aristizábal Beatriz Helena , Quevedo Augusto
Published: September 2021

Introducción. No se dispone de pruebas sensibles ni específicas para diagnosticar la artritis idiopática juvenil sistémica.Objetivo. Evaluar la utilidad diagnóstica de niveles de ferritina total cinco veces por encima del valor normal (ferritina total>5N) y el porcentaje disminuido (menor de o igual a 20 % de la ferritina total) de la ferritina glucosilada (ferritina glucosilada<20 %) para el diagnóstico de artritis idiopática juvenil sistémica en pacientes con fiebre de origen desconocido evaluados por reumatología pediátrica.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio observacional de pruebas diagnósticas de corte transversal en menores de 16 años hospitalizados entre el 2010 y el 2014. El patrón diagnóstico de referencia fue el cumplimiento de los criterios de clasificación o diagnóstico confirmado en el seguimiento. Se determinaron las medidas de utilidad de las pruebas.Resultados. Se incluyeron 40 pacientes con fiebre de origen desconocido: 11 con artritis idiopática juvenil sistémica y 29 con otros diagnósticos. La mediana de la ferritina total fue mayor en la artritis idiopática juvenil sistémica (3.992 ng/ml) comparada con otras causas de fiebre de origen desconocido (155 ng/ml) (p=0,0027), así como la ferritina total>5N (90,91 % Vs. 51,72 %) (p=0,023). El porcentaje de ferritina glucosilada≤20 % fue de 96,5 % en otras fiebres de origen desconocido en comparación con la artritis idiopática juvenil sistémica (81,8 %) (p=0,178). La ferritina total>5N tuvo una sensibilidad del 91 %, una especificidad del 48 %; un cociente de probabilidades (Likelihood Ratio, LR) positivo de 1,76 y uno negativo de 0,19, demostrando mayor utilidad para el diagnóstico que la combinación de la ferritina total>5N y ferritina glucosilada≤20 %, cuya sensibilidad fue del 81,8 %, la especificidad del 48,3 %, un cociente de probabilidades LR positivo de 1,58 y un LR negativo de 0,38.Conclusión. En pacientes con fiebre de origen desconocido evaluados por reumatología pediátrica, la ferritina total>5N demostró ser útil como prueba de tamización para el diagnóstico de artritis idiopática juvenil sistémica.
Conflicto armado, contaminación y riesgos en salud: una evaluación de riesgo de tres fuentes de exposición ambiental asociadas con el conflicto en Colombia
Authors: Méndez Fabián , Zapata-Rivera Andrés Mauricio
Published: September 2021

Introducción. Los conflictos armados afectan los territorios ricos en recursos y biodiversidad; el daño ambiental causado por las acciones violentas puede afectar la salud de las poblaciones.Objetivos. Evaluar los riesgos para la salud humana debidos a la degradación ambiental asociada con tres acciones violentas en el marco del conflicto armado colombiano: la voladura de oleoductos, la minería informal con mercurio y la aspersión de cultivos ilícitos con glifosato.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo una evaluación cuantitativa de los riesgos para la salud individual asociados con actividades del conflicto armado, usando metodologías que tienen en cuenta la ruta de dispersión de los contaminantes, su concentración en el ambiente, la exposición de los individuos y los riesgos de efectos cancerígenos y no cancerígenos.Resultados. La evaluación de los riesgos asociados con las acciones en el marco del conflicto armado analizadas, evidenció un riesgo cancerígeno intolerable y uno no cancerígeno inaceptable debidos al consumo de agua y peces contaminados por hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos, mercurio y glifosato.Conclusiones. El estudio reafirmó las conexiones inextricables que existen entre ambiente, sociedad y salud, y las implicaciones de la violencia ambiental para la salud pública de los grupos poblacionales vulnerables y, en general, para el bienestar de todos los seres vivos afectados por el conflicto armado.
Enfermedad hemolítica del feto y del recién nacido por aloanticuerpos contra el antígeno M
Authors: Páez Marco , Jiménez María , Corredor Ana
Published: September 2021

Hay pocos reportes de enfermedad hemolítica del feto y del recién nacido causada por aloanticuerpos contra el sistema de antígenos MNS, especialmente, porque los anticuerpos que se generan contra estos antígenos son del tipo IgM, los cuales tienen reactividad a temperaturas inferiores a los 37 °C, y, por lo tanto, no son de importancia clínica. A pesar de ello, se han reportado casos con presencia de anticuerpos anti-M de tipo IgG causantes de la enfermedad hemolítica del recién nacido e, incluso, casos de muerte intrauterina por incompatibilidad materno-fetal en el sistema MNS. El proceso hemolítico se asemeja al causado por los anticuerpos anti-Kell, con anemia progresiva por supresión hematopoyética que induce la destrucción de precursores hematopoyéticos en la médula ósea y ausencia de reticulocitos en la periferia.Se reporta el caso de una mujer con 38,5 semanas de gestación, que presentó discrepancia en la hemoclasificación directa y en la inversa. Como resultado, el recién nacido fue positivo en la prueba de Coombs directa sin que existiera incompatibilidad ABO con la madre. La correlación de estos resultados llevó a la detección de un anticuerpo anti-M en el suero materno. El diagnóstico definitivo fue posible gracias a la discrepancia en la hemoclasificación de la sangre materna. A pesar de que los anticuerpos anti-M usualmente no desempeñan un papel importante en la enfermedad hemolítica perinatal, este caso resalta la importancia de determinar la presencia de diferentes anticuerpos que pueden ser de interés a la hora de prevenir resultados graves asociados con dicha condición.
Primer registro de accidentes ofídicos por mordedura de Micrurus ortoni y Micrurus hemprichii (Serpentes: Elapidae) en Colombia y Perú
Authors: Ayerbe-González Santiago , Condiza-Benavides Gloria Esperanza , Sevilla-Sánchez María José
Published: September 2021

Se reportan dos casos de mordedura por serpientes de la especie Micrurus ortoni en Colombia y uno por M. hemprichii en Perú. En dos de los casos se observó afección neurológica motora leve a moderada y, en todos, se presentó un acentuado trastorno sensitivo con hiperestesia e hiperalgesia irradiada desde el sitio de la mordedura hacia todo el hemicuerpo comprometido. El único paciente que recibió antiveneno, el cual no era específico para el tipo de envenenamiento, desarrolló una reacción al suero equino a los ocho días de su aplicación.Se presentan y discuten los resultados de las pruebas de laboratorio, incluido el estudio electromiográfico, así como el registro fotográfico de las manifestaciones clínicas y de los agentes causales.
Level of anxiety among healthcare providers during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia: cross-sectional study
Authors: Al Mutair Abbas , Al Mutairi Alya , Alabbasi Yasmine , Shamsan Abbas , Al-Mahmoud Sana , Alhumaid Saad , Arshad Muhammad zeshan , Awad Mansour , Rabaan Ali
Published: September 2021

Background

The burden of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted widely on the healthcare providers physically and mentally. Many healthcare providers are exposed to psychological stressors due to their high risk of contracting the virus.

Aims

This study aimed to measure the level of anxiety among healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. In addition, this study aimed to measure the level of anxiety based on demographic characteristics.

Method

A cross-sectional survey was employed to recruit a convenience sample of healthcare providers. A pencil and paper self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from demographic and generalized anxiety disorder GAD-7 data. However, this study received written informed consent from participants of the study. In addition, the study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group (IRB Log No. RC20.06.88-03).

Results

A total of 650 participants were recruited, results of GAD-7 showed that 43.5%, 28.9% and 27.5% of healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia experienced mild, moderate and severe anxiety, respectively, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results indicated that age, health specialty, nationality, and sleeping disorders before COVID-19 were associated with anxiety levels.

Conclusion

The generalized anxiety among healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia was mild. Older healthcare providers were found to have a higher level of anxiety compared to other participating healthcare providers. Several factors may contribute to a higher level of anxiety including age, socioeconomic status, marital status, having chronic conditions, and sleeping disorder before the COVID-19 pandemic. To further understand the level of anxiety among healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia, longitudinal and mixed-method research is needed.
On Linear and Non-Linear Approximation In the Theory of Convective Heat Transfer
Authors: Davidzon M. Y.
Published: September 2021

A system of linear equations that is currently widely used to describe convective heat transfer does not seem to be able to explain some experimental facts. One of the reasons for this may lie in using Newton’s and Fourier’s linear laws when deriving energy and Navier-Stokes equations. Replacing linear equations with nonlinear ones, as well as using an expression for surface heat flux density that is based on laws of physics instead of expressions called ‘cooling laws,’ would allow to solve a wider range of problems, and also would better agree with the experimental data. The use of proposed non-linear system of equations would also permit engineers in chemical, textile, defense, power, and other industries to design more economical and smaller-sized heat exchange devices.
Diagnosing the Urban Expansion-Land Conflict Nexus in Bamenda II, Cameroon
Authors: Kimengsi Jude Ndzifon , Awah Yvette Lum
Published: September 2021

Urban growth in the context of sub-Saharan Africa generally introduces attendant effects. Some of these include land use conflicts, pressure on municipal services and the challenges of urban poverty. While these issues have received significant attention, an issue which seemed to have eluded geographical literature, at least in the context of Bamenda, centres on the extent to which urban expansion triggers land conflicts. This paper analyses the trend of urban expansion in Bamenda II, and explores the relationship between urban expansion and land conflicts. A total of 80 households were randomly sampled, complemented by participant observation and focus group discussions. The Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient revealed a positive correlation between urban expansion and land conflicts. It is therefore necessary for policy interventions to regulate the pace of urban expansion with a view to preserving the last vestiges of natural and agricultural space. Further conflicts could be avoided through a clear demarcation of boundaries, including the facilitation of the process of acquiring land titles.  This will reduce the cases of land conflict and haphazard urban expansion.
Study on Assessment of Risk factors of Constipation among Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Walke Monali , Sakharkar Sheetal
Published: September 2021

Objective: Aim of the study to assess the risk of constipation among patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Constipation is a gastrointestinal tract condition which can lead to abnormal stools, uncomfortable storage and passing with pain and stiffness. Constipation is one of the gastrointestinal system's functional impairments. Various symptoms also include bloating, pushing, abdominal and rectal pain, a feeling of fullness in the rectum or extreme defecation, a lack of full discharge, and stool infrequency (usually less than three times a week). Constipation problem is a condition that is prevalent in abdominal surgery patients in the preoperative and postoperative period due to physiological and psychological factors. While constipation does not endanger life. Bowel frequency is affected by many variables, including dietary factors, emotional state, immobility, prior history of bowel elimination problem, and psychological morbidity after abdominal surgery. Constipation is a common issue that many individuals face.

Materials and Methods: The cross sectional research study conducted in AVBR hospital Sawangi Meghe, Wardha district with quantitative research approach. Sample size was 85. Sample was undergoing abdominal surgery patients. Tool was structured questionnaire including Patients characteristics & constipation risk assessment scale.

Results: 48.24% of patients undergoing abdominal surgery had no risk of developing constipation, 29.41% had low risk of constipation, 14.12% had moderate and 8.23% of the patients undergoing abdominal surgery had severe risk of constipation. Minimum risk of constipation was 0 and maximum was 17. Mean risk of constipation was 5.14±5.71.

Conclusion: This study can help to assess the risk of constipation among undergoing abdominal surgery patients and make them aware about risk of constipation.
Concomitant Administration of Rosuvastatin and Lefleunamide in Low doses Synergize Against Complete Freunds Adjuvant (CFA)-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Experimental Model
Authors: Saeed Abdel-Aziz , El-Shafey Mohamed , Helal Gouda K. , Akool El-Sayed
Published: September 2021

Aim: The present work was designed to examine of the potential anti-inflammatory effect of rosuvastatin (ROSV) and/or Lefleunamide (LFLU) against Complete Freunds Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats.

Methods: The mRNA level of perxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-a) was determined using Real-time PCR. The levels of NF-B, iNOS, IL-6, TNF-a and SOD activity were measured using ELISA. The swollen paws were measured using caliper. The GSH level was measured using colorimetric assay. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay kit.

Results: ROSV induced the expression of PPAR-a that suppresses NF-kB as demonstrated by a strong reduction in NF-kB level in animals treated with ROSV. Also, ROSV administration reduced the levels of the inflammatory mediators IL-6 and TNF-a. In addition, iNOS and MDA content as well as expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2 induced by CFA is abrogated in animals treated with ROSV. Also GSH content and SOD activity were highly increased in ROSV-treated animals. Furthermore, the size of right paw induced by CFA was reduced in ROSV-treated rats. Moreover, the histopathological alterations induced by CFA were highly improved in animals treated with ROSV. Similar results were also found in animals treated with LFLU. Importantly, similar effects were obtained in rats treated with both ROSV and LFLU in half doses.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that ROSV as well as LFLU has the ability to inhibit rheumatoid arthritis in experimental model induced by CFA. Importantly, concomitant administration of ROSV and LFLU in half doses synergize against rheumatoid arthritis.
Impacts of seasonal ambient temperature and humidity on meat quality characteristics of sheep and beef longissimus thoracis muscles
Authors: Amri Issa Al , Kadima Isam T. , Ajmib Dawood S. Al , Alkindia Abdulaziz , Sawadc Alaa A. , Hamaeda Ahmed , Nasser Amira
Published: September 2021

The effects of seasonal temperature and humidity on meat quality characteristics of sheep (12 months of age) and beef cattle (24 months of age) were investigated. Samples of longissimus thoracis (500 g) muscle were randomly collected from 96 sheep and 48 beef cattle between November 2018 and October 2019. All the meat samples were kept in the chiller at 4-5ºC for 48 h. The samples were collected over a 12-month period and this period was divided into two seasons based on ambient temperature and relative humidity in Basrah region. Theses seasons were named: Cool Season (November to March with average temperature of 23.0±1.54ºC and 59.0±1.75% relative humidity) and Hot Season (April to October with average temperature of 40.5±1.77ºC and 53.5±5.98 relative humidity). The ultimate pH (pHu), expressed juice, cooking losses, shear force, sarcomere length, myofibrillar fragmentation index and colour lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) parameters were determined. The effect of the season on meat quality characteristics of the Longissimus thoracis muscle from both species was found to be significant (P<0.05).  The hot season muscle samples had significantly (P<0.05) higher pHu values, longer sarcomere length, higher myofibrillar fragmentation index with significantly (P<0.05) lower shear force values than the muscle samples collected during the cool season. Sheep and beef longissimus thoracis muscles from the hot season group had significantly (P<0.05) darker meat than that those of the cold season group, based on L*, a* and b* colour measurements. The present findings indicated that hot temperature (>40ºC) leads to heat stress in sheep and cattle, which increased the muscle pHu and influenced other related meat properties. These findings will assist meat producers to improve meat quality parameters by slaughtering livestock at early hours of the day. Hot temperature has also an impact on animal welfare.
Morphological, physiological, pests and diseases responses of citrus seedling cultivars, and their contribution to cultivar classification under nursery house and open field
Authors: . Hardiyanto , Devy Nirmala F. , Susanto S. , Sugiyatno A. , Dwiastuti ME , Widyaningsih S
Published: September 2021

Information of morphological, physiological, and pests and diseases traits between Siam or Tangerine (C. nobilis L.) and Keprok or Mandarin (C. sinensis) seedlings group under nursery and open filed condition in Indonesia has limited. The contribution of morphological and physiological characters to cultivar classification of Siam and Mandarin group has also not been yet documented. The aims of this research were to evaluate the morphological, physiological, pests and diseases responses of citrus seedling cultivars, and their contribution to cultivar classification. This research was conducted at Tlekung Experimental Garden, Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute, Batu, East Java, Indonesia from February to December 2020. One-year-old budded seedlings were planted in plastic bags (size 15x30 cm) and put in both a nursery house and open field.  The plastic bags were filled with mixed media (rice hull, soil, and compost) with the ratio of 1:1:1. The experimental design was a Two Stage Nested Design consisted of two factors, these were factor A: locations (nursery house and open field) and factor B as a nested-on factor A: cultivars (Siam cv. Pontianak, Siam cv. Banjar, Siam cv. Madu, Keprok cv. Kacang, Keprok cv. Terigas, Keprok cv. Madura and Keprok cv. Gayo). The results showed that the highest flush growth percentage was showed by Keprok cv. Madura grown under open field condition, while the biggest rootstock diameter was obtained from Siam cv. Madu grown in nursery house.  Siam cv. Madu grown in open field also produced the highest root dry weight and stomata density. In terms of pests and diseases, aphids (Aphis gossypii) and leaf miner (Phyllocnistis citrella) have only been affected by locations, while for diseases was not found in this study. Contribution of morphological and physiological traits to citrus cultivars classification were about 64.70%. The average percentage of change in growth and develop capacity of Keprok group from open field to the nursery house increased by 2.35%, whereas for Siam one tended to decrease by 8.96%. In general, responses of morphological and/or physiological traits between Siam and mandarin group two locations were varied. Morphological and physiological traits may also useful for supporting genetically evaluation in improving citrus breeding programs.
Chemical and nutritional characteristics of crackers substituted with Cucurbita pepo L. seed flour
Authors: Altıner Dilek Dülger , Sabuncu Merve , Şahan Yasemin
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study was determined the suitability of Cucurbita pepo L. (pumpkin) seed flour (PSF) supplement, which is limited for use in the food industry, to increase some chemical and functional properties of crackers.  PSFs were used to replace wheat flour in cracker formulation at the levels of 5, 10, 20 and 30%. Particularly, the total dietary fiber, protein and ash content of crackers with PSF increased. The highest increase in mineral contents of crackers were determined in P> K> Mg> Ca> Zn> Fe> Cu. The predominant organic acid of crackers was tartaric acid and the dominant fatty acid was linoleic acid. Crackers prepared with Nevşehir variety PSF yielded better results than other crackers due to their nutritious properties. As a result, with the addition of PSF, a functional food product with health benefits was obtained and a contribution was made to the product range.
The nutritional quality improvement of dried gluten free pasta supplemented with Cladophora spp.
Authors: Choobthaisong Patchareeporn , Oupathumpanont Orawan
Published: September 2021

This research aimed to study: 1) the suitable formula gluten free pasta supplemented with Cladophora spp., 2) the chemical and physical properties of pasta supplemented with Cladophora spp., and 3) the consumer acceptance. A mixture design experiment was conducted, and three factors were analyzed, 50-70% brown rice flour, 15-25%modified starch, and 10-20%Cladophora spp., the most suitable formula indicated 68%brown rice, 22%modified starch, 10%Cladophora spp.  The nutritional profile of this gluten-free pasta per 100 grams was 379.00 kilocalories of total energy, 7.09 grams of protein, 1.91 grams of dietary fiber, 0.11 milligrams of vitamin B, 0.11 milligrams of vitamin B2, 31.30 milligrams of calcium, and 3.84 milligrams of iron and antioxidant activity 48.50 mg eq Trolox. Most consumers’ overall liking score was at a moderate level. The gluten-free pasta supplemented with Cladophora spp. will make better nutrition value.
Use of amniotic membrane in wound healing: integrative review / Uso da membrana amniótica na cicatrização de feridas: revisão integrativa
Authors: De Carvalho Kauan Gustavo , Cunha Karla Joelma Bezerra , Barbosa Nanielle Silva , Lima Ana Caroliny de Barros Soares , Lira Jefferson Abraão Caetano , Bezerra Sandra Marina Gonçalves
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: identificar na literatura o uso da membrana amniótica na cicatrização de feridas. Método: revisão integrativa onde aplicou-se os descritores: ‘’feridas’’, ‘’membrana amniótica’’ e ‘’cicatrização’’ às bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Sistem Online e Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, entre Janeiro e Fevereiro de 2019. Resultados: foram selecionados 18 artigos os quais embasaram a construção de duas categorias temáticas. Evidenciou-se que a membrana aminiótica possui capacidade para diminuir o exsudato e adesões, reduzir a dor local e agir como um substrato para o crescimento de tecidos. Conclusão: a membrana amniótica constitui-se alternativa eficaz para o tratamento de feridas. Faz-se necessário o desenvolvimento de estudos mais aprofundados a fim de ampliar o conhecimento da equipe da saúde e contribuir para o avanço e fortalecimento de práticas em estomaterapia.
Evaluation of the feet of people with diabetes mellitus and risk of complications / Avaliação dos pés de pessoas com diabetes mellitus e risco de complicações
Authors: Dias Jenika Ferreira , Paiva Eliza Mara das Chagas , Brasileiro Thaila Oliveira Zatiti , Jonas Conceição Terra , Fava Silvana Maria Coelho Leite , Chini Lucelia Terra
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: avaliar o risco de complicações em membros inferiores de pessoas com diabetes mellitus. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado com 74 pessoas cadastradas em uma unidade de Estratégia Saúde da Família de um município do sul de Minas Gerais. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se um instrumento contendo dados sociodemográficos, história clínica e exame físico dos pés com avaliação neurológica e vascular.  Resultados:  a maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (64,9%) com média de idade de 64,95 anos. Evidenciou-se que 68,9% dos participantes nunca tiveram seus pés avaliados por um profissional de saúde e que 29,7% dos participantes estão em risco para o desenvolvimento de lesões (grau 1, 2 ou 3). Conclusão: fatores de risco para complicações em membros inferiores de pessoas com diabetes podem ser detectados por meio da avaliação adequada, constituindo uma importante ferramenta para estímulo do autocuidado e prevenção de complicações.
Self-perception of oral health by the elderly assisted by the public system of a municipality in Minas Gerais / Autopercepção de saúde bucal por idosos atendidos pelo sistema público de um município de Minas Gerais
Authors: Ferreira Isabelle Ramalho , Da Silva Patrick Leonardo Nogueira , De Oliveira Eliene , Alves Carolina dos Reis , Bonfim Maria de Lourdes Carvalho , Nobre Maria Cleonice de Oliveira
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: analisar a autopercepção de idosos atendidos em uma clínica odontológica pública e em um centro de referência de um município de Minas Gerais sobre sua saúde bucal. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada com 100 idosos durante atendimento odontológico em uma clínica pública e em um centro de referência. Utilizou-se um questionário semiestruturado, adaptado e validado. O tratamento dos dados se deu por meio de análise estatística descritiva simples. Resultados: observou-se prevalência de idosos do sexo feminino, casado, branco, renda de 1-2 salários, ensino médio completo e de outros municípios. As alterações não perceptíveis pelos idosos são: sensação de boca seca, diminuição do paladar, diminuição no fluxo salivar e aumento dos problemas gengivais. Os idosos consideram ser impossível evitar a perda dentária, todavia relataram que cuidados com os dentes remanescentes e consulta periódica ao cirurgião-dentista são necessários. Os motivos da procura ao dentista foram: dor de dente, dor na gengiva, necessidade de tratamento dentário e lesão na boca. Conclusão: a maior parte dos idosos apresenta uma percepção satisfatória quanto a sua condição atual de saúde bucal. Tem ciência das alterações bucais advindas do processo de envelhecimento, bem como das medidas de cuidados.