bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Day-to-day and longitudinal variability of the equatorial electrojet as viewed from the Sun-synchronous CSES satellite
Authors: Yamazaki Yosuke , Stolle Claudia , Xiong Chao , Alken Patrick , Yang Yanyan , Zhima Zeren , Harding Brian , Yan Rui
Published: November 2024

The intensity of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) derived from the magnetic field measurements by the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) is analyzed for the low solar activity period of July 2018–April 2022. The CSES spacecraft flies in a Sun-synchronous orbit, providing the first continuous satellite observations of the afternoon EEJ at a fixed local time at 2 p.m. The EEJ intensities from CSES and concurrent observations from the Swarm satellite mission show a good correlation, supporting the reliability of the CSES EEJ data. Spectral analysis of the CSES data reveals the presence of three distinct oscillatory components in the day-to-day variation of the afternoon EEJ: (1) an eastward-propagating 2–3-day oscillation with zonal wavenumber 1, (2) a westward-propagating 5–6-day oscillation with zonal wavenumber 1, and (3) a zonally-symmetric 14–15-day oscillation. These oscillations result from upward-propagating waves in the atmosphere. That is, the first two can be attributed to the ultra-fast Kelvin wave and quasi-6-day wave, respectively, while the latter is likely due to the atmospheric lunar tide. The CSES EEJ data are also compared with lower thermospheric wind measurements by the Michelson Interferometer for Global High-Resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) onboard the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON). The results suggest that the EEJ intensity correlates negatively with the equatorial eastward wind at 100–115 km, consistent with earlier studies. Contributions of different tidal wind components to longitudinal structures of the EEJ are evaluated. A four-peak structure during July–September can be largely explained by the eastward-propagating diurnal tide with zonal wavenumber 3 (DE3), while a two- or three-peak structure during December–January is mainly due to the combined effect of DE3 and the eastward-propagating diurnal tide with zonal wavenumber 2 (DE2). Furthermore, the CSES EEJ data are compared with the electron density measurements from the Langmuir probe onboard CSES. There is a positive correlation between the EEJ intensity and in-situ electron densities at ∼510 km from the same orbit, reflecting the plasma fountain effect. The correlation tends to be higher in the summer hemisphere, which may be due to the meridional wind in the thermosphere.
Biomechanical feedback and feedforward responses during perturbed running in asymptomatic individuals
Authors: Khajooei Mina , Quarmby Andrew , Mayer Frank , Engel Tilman
Published: November 2024

Assessment of biomechanical features whilst running on an uneven terrain plays an important role in identifying running-related injury mechanisms. However, feedback and feedforward motor responses and adaptations, an important component of gait retraining and injury rehabilitation programs, have been less investigated during running. Therefore, the current study assessed the whole-session responses and within-session adaptation mechanisms during perturbed running. Twenty three individuals performed an eight-minute perturbed treadmill running protocol with one-sided decelerative belt perturbations. Joint angle curves and muscle activity amplitudes were analysed throughout the running cycle, in both the perturbed and contralateral leg. For the whole-session responses, the average of 10 consecutive strides during the baseline trial and all perturbed strides from the perturbed running trial were compared. To assess within-session adaptation, the first perturbation was compared to the average of the last three perturbations. Data were analysed with one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping of Paired t-tests to assess responses and adaptations to the perturbations (P < 0.025). Regarding whole-session responses (baseline vs. perturbations), statistically significant feedback (after perturbation) responses were detected in most measured joint angles and muscle activity of both perturbed and contralateral legs. Feedforward (before perturbation) responses for whole-session comparison were detected for most joint angles in the contralateral leg and only hip flexion in the perturbed leg. Feedforward muscle activities of whole-session responses were different in the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and erector spinae of the perturbed leg, and the soleus of the contralateral leg. Regarding within-session (first vs. last three perturbations) adaptation, feedback adaptations included statistically significant changes in ankle, knee, and hip movements, and muscle activities in the perturbed leg, while the contralateral leg showed less adaptation. No significant feedforward within-session adaptations were observed in the perturbed leg, but the contralateral leg showed changes in ankle dorsiflexion, soleus activity, and erector spinae activity. Findings suggest that participants compensated perturbations during running by modifying muscle activities and movement patterns, primarily through feedback mechanisms in the perturbed leg, with limited feedforward adaptations. The current protocol may present a viable approach for testing and training postural control during running.
Increasing sustainability and reproducibility of in vitro toxicology applications: serum-free cultivation of HepG2 cells
Authors: Pfeifer Luisa Marie , Sensbach Janike , Pipp Frederic , Werkmann Daniela , Hewitt Philip
Published: November 2024

Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is an important ingredient in cell culture media and the current standard for most cells in vitro. However, the use of FBS is controversial for several reasons, including ethical concerns, political, and societal pressure, as well as scientific problems due to the undefined and variable nature of FBS. Nevertheless, scientists hesitate to change the paradigm without solid data de-risking the switch of their assays to alternatives. In this study, HepG2 cells, a human hepatoblastoma cell line commonly used to study drug hepatotoxicity, were adapted to serum-free conditions by using different commercially available media and FBS replacements. After transition to these new culture conditions, the success of adaptation was determined based on cell morphology and growth characteristics. Long-term culturing capacity for each medium was defined as the number of passages HepG2 cells could be cultured without any alterations in morphology or growth behavior. Two media (Advanced DMEM/F12 from ThermoFisher and TCM® Serum Replacement from MP Biomedicals) showed a long-term cultivation capacity comparable to media containing FBS and were selected for further analysis. Both media can be characterized as serum-free, however still contain animal-derived components: bovine serum albumin (both media) and bovine transferrin (only TCM® serum replacement). To assess the functionality of the cells cultivated in either of the two media, HepG2 cells were treated with reference compounds, specifically selected for their known hepatotoxicity characteristics in man. Different toxicological assays focusing on viability, mitochondrial toxicity, oxidative stress, and intracellular drug response were performed. Throughout the different assays, response to reference compounds was comparable, with a slightly higher sensitivity of serum-free cultivated HepG2 cells when assessing viability/cell death and a lower sensitivity towards oxidative stress. Taken together, the two selected media were shown to support growth, morphology, and function of serum-free cultivated HepG2 cells in the early preclinical safety space. Therefore, these results can serve as a starting point to further optimize culture conditions with the goal to remove any remaining animal-derived components.
Enzymatic hydrolysis processing of soybean meal altered its structure and in vitro protein digestive dynamics in pigs
Authors: Wang Dapeng , Du Honglin , Dang Xiuquan , Zhao Yufei , Zhang Jiaxuan , Liu Rujie , Ge Zhenying , Zhong Qingzhen , Sun Zewei
Published: November 2024

Introduction

The study evaluated the enzymatic hydrolysis processing on physicochemical properties and protein digestive dynamics of soybean meal (SBM), as well as the relationship between protein secondary structure and digestive parameters was established.

Methods

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to analyze the microstructure and protein structure of the SBM and enzymatic hydrolysis processed soybean meal (ESBM). SBM and ESBM were incubated with pepsin at pH 3.5 and 39°C for 30 min, then with pancreatin at pH 6.8 for 0–240 min. The in vitro protein digestive dynamics were described as the release dynamics of amino acids and low molecular weight peptides (AA_LMW).

Results

The results showed that enzymatic hydrolysis processing did not alter the chemical composition of SBM, but changed its microstructure and protein structure. After enzymatic hydrolysis processing, the size of blocky structures of SBM decreased, exhibiting a fibrous surface and a relatively loose internal structure. The β-sheet content of ESBM was lower than that of SBM (p < 0.05), while the α-helix, β-turn, and α-helix/β-sheet content was higher than that of SBM (p < 0.05). The release rates (k) of AA_LMW in SBM and ESBM were 0.0123 min−1 and 0.0733 min−1, respectively. Enzymatic hydrolysis processing increased the CPfast content of SBM (p < 0.05) and decreased the CPslow and CPresistant contents (p < 0.05). α-helix, β-turn, and the ratio of α-helix to β-sheet were positively correlated with CPfast and k (p < 0.05) and were negatively correlated with CPslow and CPresistant (p < 0.05). β-sheet was negatively correlated with CPfast and k (p < 0.05) and was positively correlated with CPslow and CPresistant (p < 0.05).

Discussion

Enzymatic hydrolysis processing altered the digestive dynamics of SBM, increased the CPfast content and the release rate of AA_LMW, which might be attributed to the structure changes of SBM.
Robot-Assisted Extraperitoneal Ventral Hernia Repair—Experience From the First 160 Consecutive Operations With Lateral eTEP and eTAR Techniques
Authors: Vogel Robert , Heinzelmann Frank , Büchler Peter , Mück Björn
Published: November 2024

Introduction

There is a growing consensus on the benefits of retro-muscular (RM) mesh positioning, highlighted by its recommendation in the latest edition of EHS guidelines. The eTEP method has facilitated minimally invasive hernia repairs with retro-muscular mesh placement. With the increasing availability of robotic systems, there has been a corresponding increase in robotic adaptations of minimally invasive techniques involving retro-muscular mesh placement.

Materials and Methods

All patients who underwent robotic ventral hernia repair using the lateral extraperitoneal eTEP technique at Kempten Hospital between September 2019 and December 2023 were includes in the study. Preoperative characteristics, perioperative parameters, postoperative parameters, and hernia-specific parameters, were retrospectively analyzed using the hospital information system.

Results

160 patients were operated using a lateral approach eTEP technique during the observation period, 111 (69.38%) for incisional hernia repair and 49 (30.63%) for primary hernia repair. 43 cases required TAR (30 unilateral TAR and 13 bilateral TAR). 139 patients had a medial (86.98%), seven patients (4.14%) a lateral and 14 patients (8.88%) a combined hernia defect. The median operative time was 143 min (range: 53 min–495 min). The median length of hospital stay was 3 days (range: 2–16). There was one intraoperative complication. The postoperative complication rate was 6.25% (10 patients), with 1.72% (2 patients) requiring reoperation. Sonographic follow-up examinations revealed seromas in 5 patients, with 4 located in the retromuscular mesh space and 1 in the former hernia sac. None of these seromas required surgical intervention.

Conclusion

The “lateral approach” of robotic eTEP provides a safe surgical method for treating ventral hernias using minimally invasive techniques and mesh augmentation in the retro-muscular space. Further studies are necessary to compare extraperitoneal with transperitoneal methods.
Probabilistic Evaluation Method of Wind Resistance of Membrane Roofs Based on Aerodynamic Stability
Authors: Song Weiju , Liu Hongbo , Yu Heding
Published: November 2024

The membrane structure or membrane roofing system is lightweight and flexible, with wind being the primary cause of structural and membrane material failure. To evaluate the disaster prevention and mitigation capacity of the membrane roofing system and enhance the wind disaster risk management capabilities, this paper studies the exceedance probability evaluation method for different wind resistance requirements of membrane roofs. Taking Hangzhou in China as an example, the design wind speed risk curve fitted by polynomial is obtained by referring to the PEER performance-based seismic design method and considering the randomness of the wind field. A polynomial fitting method is employed to obtain the design wind speed hazard curve. Considering the nonlinear characteristics of the membrane roof structure, the relationship between the roof’s wind resistance requirements (vertical displacement limits) and wind speed spectrum values is approximated using a power function. An annual average exceedance probability expression is derived for different normal deformation demand values of the membrane roofs under wind load. Based on this, a wind resistance probability evaluation method for membrane roofs considering aerodynamic stability is proposed, along with specific steps and related analytical formulas. The results indicate that polynomial fitting provides an effective simplification for deriving the annual average exceedance probability expression for the wind resistance demand of membrane roofs. The performance-based wind resistance probability evaluation method allows for obtaining exceedance probability values for different displacement requirements with minimal structural analysis, which enriches the wind resistance design theory of membrane roofs and further ensures the structural safety of tension membrane roofs under wind load.
A Hybrid Quantum Solver for the Lorenz System
Authors: Fathi Hafshejani Sajad , Gaur Daya , Dasgupta Arundhati , Benkoczi Robert , Gosala Narasimha Reddy , Iorio Alfredo
Published: November 2024

We develop a hybrid classical–quantum method for solving the Lorenz system. We use the forward Euler method to discretize the system in time, transforming it into a system of equations. This set of equations is solved by using the Variational Quantum Linear Solver (VQLS) algorithm. We present numerical results comparing the hybrid method with the classical approach for solving the Lorenz system. The simulation results demonstrate that the VQLS method can effectively compute solutions comparable to classical methods. The method is easily extended to solving similar nonlinear differential equations.
Evaluation of the Resilience of Real Estate and Property Stocks to Inflation and Interest Rate Uncertainty: Implementation of Two Asset Pricing Models
Authors: Nurdina Nurdina , Nurkholis Nurkholis , Adib Noval , Atmini Sari
Published: November 2024

Property stocks are an attractive alternative investment for investors who want passive income. Investors’ decisions focus not only on maximizing returns but also on reducing risk. This study examines the extent to which macroeconomic factors affect stock performance by comparing the effectiveness of the Fama–French five-factor model (5FF) and Fama–French seven-factor model (7FF) in estimating returns. This study also verifies Fisher’s theory in the context of property and real estate stocks. The research data used are property and real estate stocks in the Indonesian capital market. The data are processed using the OLS estimation method, and Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) is used to choose the optimal model. The results show that property and real estate stocks in Indonesia with negative profitability at all quantiles can hedge inflation and interest rates. However, the interest rates are not the only factor affecting the market risk. The 7FF model is better at explaining the variability of stock portfolio returns. This research makes an essential contribution to the financial literature in Indonesia, particularly in the context of portfolio management in the property and real estate sector.
Nano-Functional Materials for Sensor Applications
Authors: Wang Aiwu , Fu Li
Published: November 2024

The rapid development of nanotechnology and materials science has led to remarkable advances in sensor applications across various fields [...]
Spectroscopic and Quantum Chemical Evidence of Amine–CO2 and Alcohol–CO2 Interactions: Confirming an Intriguing Affinity of CO2 to Monoethanolamine (MEA)
Authors: Hafizi Yazdabadi Sahar , Mihrin Dmytro , Feilberg Karen Louise , Wugt Larsen René
Published: November 2024

A recent broadband rotational spectroscopic investigation of the cross-association mechanisms of CO2 with monoethanolamine (MEA) in molecular beams [F. Xie et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2023, 62, e202218539] revealed an intriguing affinity of CO2 to the hydroxy group. These findings have triggered the present systematic vibrational spectroscopic exploration of weakly bound amine··CO2 and alcohol··CO2 van der Waals cluster molecules embedded in inert “quantum” matrices of neon at 4.2 K complemented by high-level quantum chemical conformational analyses. The non-covalent interactions formed between the amino and hydroxy groups and the electron-deficient carbon atom of CO2 are demonstrated to lift the degeneracy of the doubly degenerate intramolecular CO2-bending fundamental significantly with characteristic observed spectral splittings for the amine··CO2 (≈35–45 cm−1) and alcohol··CO2 (≈20–25 cm−1) interactions, respectively, despite the almost identically predicted total association energies (≈12–14 kJ·mol−1) for these van der Waals contacts, as revealed by benchmark Domain-based Local Pair Natural Orbital Coupled Cluster DLPNO-CCSD(T) theory. These high-level theoretical predictions reveal significantly higher “geometry preparation energies” for the amine··CO2 systems leading to a more severe distortion of the CO2 linearity upon complexation in agreement with the infrared spectroscopic findings. The systematic combined spectroscopic and quantum chemical evidences for cross-association between CO2 and amines/alcohols in the present work unambiguously confirm an intriguing binding preference of CO2 to the hydroxy group of the important carbon capture agent MEA, with an accurate vibrational zero-point energy corrected association energy (D0) of 13.5 kJ·mol−1 at the benchmark DLPNO-CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z level of theory.
Effect of Different Colours of Light on Chosen Aspects of Metabolism of Radish Sprouts with Phosphoromic Approach
Authors: Kafka Anna , Lipok Jacek , Żyszka-Haberecht Beata , Wieczorek Dorota
Published: November 2024

Among various environmental factors, light is a crucial parameter necessary for the germination of some seeds. Seed germination is an important phase in the plant life cycle, when metabolic activity is resumed and reserves are mobilized to support initial plant development. Although all nutrients are extremely important for proper physiological and biochemical development of plants, phosphorus (P) seems to play a special role, as it is an essential component of all important structural and functional substances which compose the cells of plants. We believe that transformations of the forms of phosphorus accompanying metabolic activity of germinating seeds determine the efficiency of this process, and thus the seedling’s metabolic status. Therefore, we decided to study the changes in the major phosphorus-containing substances in radish sprouts during the first phase of growth. The effect of different colours of light on the quality parameters in radish, as a model plant, during germination, was evaluated. Contents of Pi, adenylates, antioxidants, pigments, phytase activity, and 31P NMR phosphorus profile were investigated. Based on the results of our study, we may propose the phosphoromic approach as an important metabolic parameter determining the physiological status of the plant.
Behavior of Silver Species in Soil: Ag Nanoparticles vs. Ionic Ag
Authors: Kyziol-Komosinska Joanna , Dzieniszewska Agnieszka , Czupioł Justyna
Published: November 2024

Silver nanoparticles are one of the most commonly used forms of silver (Ag) in nanotechnology applications due to their antibacterial properties and electrical and thermal resistance. The increasing production and use of products containing nanoparticles has led to their release into and contamination of soil and water. This review summarizes the literature on the fate, behavior (adsorption/desorption, precipitation/oxidative dissolution, transformation), and transport/mobility of Ag forms in soils (Ag+ ions and Ag nanoparticles—AgNPs). The behavior of Ag+/AgNPs in soil is a complex process. It depends on many factors, including the characteristics of the Ag forms (ions, nanoparticle size, ligand type used for coating, surface charge, initial Ag concentration), the soil properties (organic matter and clay mineral content, textural properties, point of zero charge, cation exchange capacity, surface functional groups), and the solute properties (pH–Eh, ionic strength, cation type, oxygen content). The binding of Ag+ and AgNPs is significantly positively correlated with Al/Fe/Mn oxide and SOM content and depends on the surface charge of the minerals and CEC, which controls adsorption processes. Very important parameters to consider are the pH and Eh of the solution, which determine the durability of the ligands, the aggregation rate and the oxidation process of AgNPs, as well as the presence of sulfide and chloride and the Cl/Ag ratio, which determine the stability/mobility of Ag. Since AgNPs can be oxidized to Ag+ ions during their life cycle, it is necessary to consider the behavior of both forms of Ag in soils. Understanding the transport and behavior of Ag in soil is essential for the environmental risk assessment and management of wastes containing Ag.
The Lord’s Supper as a Spiritually Formative Experience of Scripture
Authors: Weatherly Jon
Published: November 2024

The Lord’s Supper in its New Testament context is an experience of Scripture, a reenactment of crucial divine acts in salvation history with Jesus’ death and resurrection as the nexus. As such, it grounds communicants in the biblical metanarrative and directs them to generosity, forgiveness, and patient, hopeful witness.
Dynamic Tracking and Real-Time Fall Detection Based on Intelligent Image Analysis with Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Yao Ching-Bang , Lu Cheng-Tai
Published: November 2024

As many countries face rapid population aging, the supply of manpower for caregiving falls far short of the increasing demand for care. Therefore, if the care system can continuously recognize and track the care recipient and, at the first sign of a fall, promptly analyze the image to accurately assess the circumstances of the fall, it would be highly critical. This study integrates the mobility of drones in conjunction with the Dlib HOG algorithm and intelligent fall posture analysis, aiming to achieve real-time tracking of care recipients. Additionally, the study improves and enhances the real-time multi-person action analysis feature of OpenPose to enhance its analytical capabilities for various fall scenarios, enabling accurate analysis of the approximate real-time situation when a care recipient falls. In the experimental results, the system’s identification accuracy for four fall directions is higher than that of Google Teachable Machine’s Pose Project training model. Particularly, there is the significant improvement in identifying backward falls, with the identification accuracy increasing from 70.35% to 95%. Furthermore, the identification accuracy for forward and leftward falls also increases by nearly 14%. Therefore, the experimental results demonstrate that the improved identification accuracy for the four fall directions in different scenarios exceeds 95%.
Landsat-Derived Forel–Ule Index in the Three Gorges Reservoir over the Past Decade: Distribution, Trend, and Driver
Authors: Wang Yao , Feng Lei , Shao Jingan , Gan Menglan , Liu Meiling , Wu Ling , Zhou Botian
Published: November 2024

Water color is an essential indicator of water quality assessment, and thus water color remote sensing has become a common method in large-scale water quality monitoring. The satellite-derived Forel–Ule index (FUI) can actually reflect the comprehensive water color characterization on a large scale; however, the spatial distribution and temporal trends in water color and their drivers remain prevalently elusive. Using the Google Earth Engine platform, this study conducts the Landsat-derived FUI to track the complicated water color dynamics in a large reservoir, i.e., the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), in China over the past decade. The results show that the distinct patterns of latitudinal FUI distribution are found in the four typical TGR tributaries on the yearly and monthly scales, and the causal relationship between heterogeneous FUI trends and natural/anthropogenic drivers on different temporal scales is highlighted. In addition, the coexistence of phytoplankton bloom and summer flood in the TGR tributaries has been revealed through the hybrid representation of greenish and yellowish schemes. This study is an important step forward in understanding the water quality change in a river–reservoir ecosystem affected by complex coupling drivers on a large spatiotemporal scale.
IoT-Cloud, VPN, and Digital Twin-Based Remote Monitoring and Control of a Multifunctional Robotic Cell in the Context of AI, Industry, and Education 4.0 and 5.0
Authors: Filipescu Adrian , Simion Georgian , Ionescu Dan , Filipescu Adriana
Published: November 2024

The monitoring and control of an assembly/disassembly/replacement (A/D/R) multifunctional robotic cell (MRC) with the ABB 120 Industrial Robotic Manipulator (IRM), based on IoT (Internet of Things)-cloud, VPN (Virtual Private Network), and digital twin (DT) technology, are presented in this paper. The approach integrates modern principles of smart manufacturing as outlined in Industry/Education 4.0 (automation, data exchange, smart systems, machine learning, and predictive maintenance) and Industry/Education 5.0 (human–robot collaboration, customization, robustness, and sustainability). Artificial intelligence (AI), based on machine learning (ML), enhances system flexibility, productivity, and user-centered collaboration. Several IoT edge devices are engaged, connected to local networks, LAN-Profinet, and LAN-Ethernet and to the Internet via WAN-Ethernet and OPC-UA, for remote and local processing and data acquisition. The system is connected to the Internet via Wireless Area Network (WAN) and allows remote control via the cloud and VPN. IoT dashboards, as human–machine interfaces (HMIs), SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), and OPC-UA (Open Platform Communication-Unified Architecture), facilitate remote monitoring and control of the MRC, as well as the planning and management of A/D/R tasks. The assignment, planning, and execution of A/D/R tasks were carried out using an augmented reality (AR) tool. Synchronized timed Petri nets (STPN) were used as a digital twin akin to a virtual reality (VR) representation of A/D/R MRC operations. This integration of advanced technology into a laboratory mechatronic system, where the devices are organized in a decentralized, multilevel architecture, creates a smart, flexible, and scalable environment that caters to both industrial applications and educational frameworks.
Enhancing Railway Earthquake Early Warning Systems with a Low Computational Cost STA/LTA-Based S-Wave Detection Method
Authors: Katakami Satoshi , Iwata Naoyasu
Published: November 2024

To enhance real-time S-wave detection in the railway earthquake early warning (EEW) system, we improved the existing short-term average/long-term average (STA/LTA) algorithm. This enhancement focused on developing a more robust and computationally efficient method. Specifically, we introduced noise reflecting P-wave amplitude information before the P-wave to better distinguish between P- and S-waves. By applying this modified STA/LTA method, we achieved a significant improvement in S-wave detection accuracy. For seismic waveforms from stations located within 100 km of the epicenter of each earthquake, with magnitude of M5.5–6.5 and depths ≤ 100 km, the detection accuracy within 1.5 s of the correct time (manual picking) was 81.0%, compared to the 49.0% accuracy of the currently operational railway EEW system. Importantly, despite the improved accuracy, the computational cost of the new method remains comparable to the existing system, allowing for easy integration into the operational EEW system. This development is crucial for preventing false alarms, especially moderate earthquakes (~M6) because issuing warn-ings in unnecessary areas can have a significant social impact. Future plans involve implementing this method into the current system to further improve early warning capabilities and minimize false alarms.
Unsupervised Deep Learning for Synthetic CT Generation from CBCT Images for Proton and Carbon Ion Therapy for Paediatric Patients
Authors: Pepa Matteo , Taleghani Siavash , Sellaro Giulia , Mirandola Alfredo , Colombo Francesca , Vennarini Sabina , Ciocca Mario , Paganelli Chiara , Orlandi Ester , Baroni Guido , Pella Andrea
Published: November 2024

Image-guided treatment adaptation is a game changer in oncological particle therapy (PT), especially for younger patients. The purpose of this study is to present a cycle generative adversarial network (CycleGAN)-based method for synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generation from cone beam CT (CBCT) towards adaptive PT (APT) of paediatric patients. Firstly, 44 CBCTs of 15 young pelvic patients were pre-processed to reduce ring artefacts and rigidly registered on same-day CT scans (i.e., verification CT scans, vCT scans) and then inputted to the CycleGAN network (employing either Res-Net and U-Net generators) to synthesise sCT. In particular, 36 and 8 volumes were used for training and testing, respectively. Image quality was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively using the structural similarity index metric (SSIM) and the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) between registered CBCT (rCBCT) and vCT and between sCT and vCT to evaluate the improvements brought by CycleGAN. Despite limitations due to the sub-optimal input image quality and the small field of view (FOV), the quality of sCT was found to be overall satisfactory from a quantitative and qualitative perspective. Our findings indicate that CycleGAN is promising to produce sCT scans with acceptable CT-like image texture in paediatric settings, even when CBCT with narrow fields of view (FOV) are employed.
Precise Mechanical Oscillator Design and Calibration for Characterising Sub-Millimetre Movements in mmWave Radar Systems
Authors: Parralejo Felipe , Álvarez Fernando J. , Paredes José A. , Aranda Fernando J. , Aguilera Teodoro
Published: November 2024

For many industrial and medical applications, measuring sub-millimetre movements has become crucial, for instance, for the precise guidance of surgical robots. The literature shows the feasibility of millimetre-wave (mmWave) radars to deal with such micro-vibrations. However, the availability of reference devices to configure and test these systems is very limited. This work proposes the design of a mechanical oscillator to characterise sub-millimetre vibration detection and measurement using a mmWave radar. The final implementation is fully controllable in both amplitude and frequency. Additionally, it can be wirelessly controlled and synchronised with other systems. Its functioning was experimentally calibrated and tested using the sub-millimetre motion capture system OptiTrack. It was tested to generate low-frequency oscillations from 0.80 Hz to 3.50 Hz with reliable peak amplitudes of 0.05 mm and above, with less than 6% peak amplitude relative error. Finally, the device was used to characterise a 60 GHz mmWave radar with those values.
Respostas Educacionais às Enchentes
Authors: Vasconcellos Barral Campos Mônica , Cláudio Paradela Victor
Published: November 2024

Desastres socioambientais resultam da interação entre fenômenos naturais e fragilidades sociais, como urbanização desordenada e desigualdades econômicas, intensificadas pelas mudanças climáticas. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem por objetivo analisar o papel das escolas públicas do Rio Grande do Sul na resposta às enchentes de maio de 2024, adotando uma abordagem qualitativa com estudos de caso e análise indutiva. A pesquisa revelou que as escolas atuaram como abrigos, centros de socorro e apoio psicológico, além de promoverem educação ambiental e simulações de emergência. A integração de práticas educativas sobre desastres e a colaboração com organizações locais cooperaram para a eficácia das respostas. O estudo destaca o papel das escolas como catalisadoras de mudança e resiliência, mostrando que a educação é significativa para preparar comunidades para emergências climáticas. Recomenda-se a continuidade de programas focados em desastres e o fortalecimento da participação comunitária para uma resposta coordenada e inclusiva.
ART Trivialização do Pathos: Sobre as Recentes Ruínas de Carne de Adriana Varejão
Authors: Dalmolin Zortéa Adriel
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo interroga a plástica de Adriana Varejão (1964) a partir de questões teóricas abertas pela noção de Pathosformel, cunhada pelo teórico e historiador da arte judeu-alemão Aby Warburg (1866-1929), e, também, em seus desdobramentos pensados pelo filósofo e historiador da arte francês Georges Didi-Huberman (1953). Frente à impossibilidade de debruçar-se sobre a extensa produção da artista, o texto detém-se, especificamente, na recente série Ruínas de Carne (2021-2022), investigada mediante a sobreposição de três questões: a Pathosformel da destruição, compreendida por Didi-Huberman como gestos de levantes; a polaridade, agonística, entre formas apolíneas e forças dionisíacas; e, arrefecimento das forças dionisíacas. O texto estrutura-se a partir de uma lógica associativa e dialoga com a Prancha 77 do Bilderatlas Mnemosyne (1929).
DOS Pompeia e o início da Arqueologia Clássica no Brasil: Algumas reflexões sobre as contribuições de Teresa Cristina e Nísia Floresta
Authors: Senna Garraffoni Renata
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo possui como objetivo central apresentar uma leitura sobre como as escavações de Pompeia impactaram o cotidiano brasileiro no século XIX e, também, iniciaram o acesso à Arqueologia Clássica que, então, nascia. Para tanto, parto de alguns dos resultados de minhas pesquisas junto ao projeto RIPOMPHEI, Recepción e influjo de Pompeya y Herculano en España e Iberoamérica, coordenado por Mirella Romero Recio, da Universidade Carlos III, Madri, ainda não publicados no Brasil e apresento algumas análises inéditas sobre a participação de Teresa Cristina no processo e, também, das reflexões de Nísia Floresta sobre sua viagem a Pompeia. Ao eleger duas mulheres para alicerçar os argumentos centrais do artigo, busco analisar o interesse pelo início da Arqueologia Clássica a partir de um viés menos usual, destacando a participação feminina no processo. Trata-se, então, de um artigo que explora as relações políticas e culturais entre Brasil e Itália em um momento de surgimento da Arqueologia Clássica, explorando os silêncios da historiografia brasileira sobre o tema.
DOS Pompeii, the secret cabinet, or how to deal with sex
Authors: A. Funari Pedro Paulo , Costa Grillo José Geraldo
Published: November 2024

In this paper we deal with sex, that is, sexual intercourse and other explicit sexual acts that embarrassed people dealing with material evidence and arts coming from Pompeii and the Vesuvian area. We start by exploring some epistemological issues relating to looking for differences in the past. Next, we present a brief history of the Cabinet. Then we turn to a couple of iconographic and epigraphic evidences and explore their interpretive potential. In this sense, we argument that the secret cabinet reveals the embarrassment caused since the 18th century by the discovery of iconography and epigraphy relating to explicit sexual activities. Fact that led early on to lead to secrecy and restriction of access up to the end of the 20th century. The last few decades witnessed a lot of changes in perception and there has been a growing body of scholarship pledging for recognizing differences of perception, including aesthetic ones. For the Romans were different, and the case of the secret cabinet shows this clearly. The couple of evidences explored here enables us also to gather how iconography and epigraphy are interwoven and gain when studied in tandem and in historical and cultural context. And finally, the wider access to the secret cabinet, since 2000, opens new opportunities to the lay public and contribute to foster a critical scholarly approach to this collection.
الاتجاه البيولوجي والسيكولوجي في تفسير سلوك العنف والجريمة في المجتمع: قراءة نقدية
Authors: Aguenin Amina
Published: November 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن بعض التفسيرات البيولوجية و السيكولوجية لسلوك العنف والجريمة في المجتمع، حيث قدمت التفسيرات البيولوجية منظورا جديدا في تفسير  الظاهرة مستندين روادها في ذلك على الخصائص البيولوجية للفرد وسماته الفيزيقية في ظهور سلوك العنف و الجريمة إلا أن هذه الأخيرة تعرضت لانتقادات شديدة منها أنه يصعب الجزم بأن الانسان يولد مجرما بالفطرة، و الدليل أن هناك أشخاص أسوياء لديهم نفس الخصائص البيولوجية للمجرمين ، كما أن هذه التفسيرات تفتقد إلى سلامة المنهج العلمي في الطرح. أما التفسيرات النفسية للسلوك الإنساني فهي تحتل  مكان مميزة في العلوم الاجتماعية وخاصة في تفسير  سلوك العنف و الجريمة، إلا أنها تعرضت هي الأخرى لانتقادات مختلفة ونخص بالذكر نظرية التحليل النفسي التي رأى الباحثون أنه لا يوجد دليل علمي واضح على وجود علاقة بين الحالة الداخلية الذاتية للعقل والسلوك العنيف. كما ان هذه التفسيرات أهملت العوامل الاجتماعية والثقافية في تحليلاتها، خاصة وأن السلوك الانساني عموما هو بالمقام الأول نتيجة الخبرات الاجتماعية ولا تحدده النزعات والغرائز كما تدعي هذه النظريات.
التربية البدنية وتأثيرها على السلوك العدواني لدى الأطفال (تلاميذ الطور المتوسط بمدينة البويرة)
Authors: Nemmiche Noura , Sider Kamilia , Bourzgue Kamal
Published: November 2024

تعتبر التربية البدنية شرط ضروري لصيانة الصحة وتعزيز الطاقة للعمل، وهي عامل توازن نفسي وبدني تمكن التلاميذ من ممارسة مختلف أنواع الرياضة. بحيث تنمي لديهم القدرات الحركية والمهارية والعقلية، إضافة إلى كونها فضاء مفتوح أمامهم للتنفيس عن مكبوتاتهم وإحباطاتهم عوضا عن التنفيس عنها بسلوكات غير مقبولة اجتماعيا، مثل السلوك العدواني.
فانطلاقا مما سبق تتناول دراستنا الحالية تأثير التربية البدنية في التقليل من السلوك العدواني لدى تلاميذ الطور المتوسط (مرحلة الطفولة المتأخرة)، ومن خلال النتائج المتحصل عليها توصلنا إلى انه لا توجد فروق بين الأطفال الممارسين وغير الممارسين للتربية البدنية في درجات العدوان.
دور صناعة السياحة في التنمية المحلية: دراسة حالة بلدية حمام السخنة بولاية سطيف
Authors: Tabet Badis , Dakhane Nouara
Published: November 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مفهوم صناعة السياحة وبيان مدى مساهمتها في التنمية المحلية بالإعتماد على السياحة الحموية كأبرز أنواع السياحة رواجا لإستقطابها العديد من المشاريع السياحية الهامة في إطار الإستثمار السياحي، كما تهدف الدراسة كذالك إلى توضيح مفهوم التنمية المحلية ومختلف الأبعاد المتعلقة بها.
أما في الجانب التطبيقي، فقد تم إعداد دراسة حالة لبلدية حمام السخنة بولاية سطيف، التي تعتبر قطب سياحي حموي بإمتياز، من خلال متابعة وتحليل التدفقات السياحية والمداخيل للفترة من 2011 إلى 2021 وإنعكاساتها على التنمية المحلية بالمنطقة ومقارنتها بالبلديات المجاورة لها.
حيث توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهما: أن السياحة الحموية تلعب دورا هاما في التنمية المحلية من خلال خلق مناصب شغل جديدة وديناميكية مجالية سمحت بخلق مدينة جديدة من مجرد منبع مائي ساخن.
واقع وآفاق صناعة السياحة الحموية في الجزائر-ولاية قالمة أنموذجا-
Authors: Amrani Soufyane
Published: November 2024

يهدف البحث إلى إبراز واقع وآفاق السياحة الحموية في ولاية قالمة، ولتحقيق الهدف السالف الذكر، اعتمدنا على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، من خلال إعطاء وصف لمتغيرات الدراسة، وذلك بالتعريف بكل ما هو مرتبط بالسياحة الحموية، بالإضافة إلى القيام بقراءة تحليلية لواقع وآفاق السياحة الحموية في ولاية قالمة، اعتمادا على البيانات والدراسات المتوفرة.
توصل البحث إلى أنّ السياحة الحموية تعدّ إحدى دعامات القطاع السياحي في ولاية قالمة، نظرا لما تتمتع به المنطقة من منابع حموية ذات فوائد صحية وعلاجية، إلا أنّ الخدمات السياحية تبقى دون المستوى المطلوب من حيث الهياكل ومرافق الاستقبال، بسبب التأخر في النهوض بالقطاع السياحي نتيجة العديد من الأسباب.
علاقة التراث الثقافي بالتنمية السياحية بالجزائر: الحظيرة الثقافية للأهقار نموذجا
Authors: Hamel Hassane , Elhadi Bououchma
Published: November 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى البحث في العلاقة التي تجمع ما بين التراث الثقافي (بشقيه المادي واللامادي) والتنمية السياحية في الجزائر، خاصة أن هذا البلد يزخر بمناطق متنوعة ومميزة في هذا المجال، يمكن الإستفادة منها في تطوير قطاع السياحة أسوة بتجارب بعض الدول، ومن بين مناطق التراث الثقافي في الجزائر المؤهلة للمساهمة في تحقيق تنمية سياحية نجد الحظيرة الثقافية للأهقار – تامنغست، التي تضم معالم تراثية متميزة وفريدة وهي مصنفة كتراث دولي، وبالتالي يمكنها أن تلعب دور حيوي في عملية الجذب السياحي للسياح الأجانب، وفي المقابل نجد أن المخطط التوجيهي للتنمية السياحية قد حدد القطب للسياحي بإمتياز – الأهقار والذي يتطابق في الواقع مع الموقع الجغرافي لذات الحظيرة، الأمر الذي يؤكد على أن السلطات المعنية بقطاع السياحة بالجزائر جعلت من التراث الثقافي عامل أساسي وحيوي في تحقيق أهداف خطط التنمية السياحية، وذلك لإدراكها ووعيها لأهمية مساهمته في إنشاء شبكة من العلاقات والنشاطات الخدماتية والصناعية والتجارية المتكاملة، التي تؤدي إلى خلق توازن إقتصادي جهوي، خارج إطار الريع البترولي، خاصة أن الحظيرة الثقافية للأهقار تتواجد في أقصى الجنوب الجزائري.
دور التسويق الالكتروني في دعم قطاع السياحة
Authors: Boutora Fadila , Beliardouh Hassiba
Published: November 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة توضيح دور التسويق الالكتروني في دعم وتنشيط قطاع السياحة، هذا القطاع الذي يمثل أهم القطاعات الحيوية اقتصاديا واجتماعيا وله أبعاد دولية مهمة. حيث يحتاج التسويق السياحي إلى تفعيل آليات التسويق الالكتروني لدعم التنمية السياحية بمختلف اتجاهاتها، فالتسويق الالكتروني يمكن أن يخدم القطاع السياحي من خلال دوره في تطوير الوجهات السياحية وترويجها، تحسين مستوى جودة الخدمات السياحية المقدمة للزبائن، توفير معلومات دقيقة وسريعة للمقاصد السيـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــاحية، تحفيز الطلب السياحي عن طريق توفير مقومات الجذب السياحي، نشر الإشعارات عبر الانترنيت والتي تحتوي آراء العملاء...الخ.
وعليه توصلت هذه الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها أنه في العصر الحالي أصبح للتسويق الالكتروني دور فعال في إنعاش وتنمية قطاع السياحة، نتيجة وجود أثر ايجابي وعلاقة طردية موجبة بين التسويق الالكتروني والتسويق السياحي، فالتسويق الالكتروني أثر بشكل كبير على صناعة السياحة والتحول الرقمي فرض آفاقا هامة للسفر غبر العالم الافتراضي. وعليه أوصت هذه الورقة بضرورة الاستثمار في وسائل تكنولوجيا المعلومات في كل مجالات المزيج التسويق السياحي وتعزيزها للوصول إلى أشكال جديدة من السياحة المتطورة أو ما يسمى بالسياحة الرقمية.
اتجاهات الطلبة نحو الثقافة الرقمية: دراسة ميدانية على عينة من طلبة كلية الآداب والعلوم الانسانية بصفاقس
Authors: Ben ayed Monia
Published: November 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على اتجاهات الطلبة نحو الثقافة الرقمية. واعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي مستخدمين استمارة الاستبيان والمقابلة المفتوحة لجمع البيانات. وقد طبقت الدراسة على عينة متكونة من 150 طالبا وطالبة منتمين لقسم علم الاجتماع بكلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية بصفاقس، وخلصت الدراسة الى وجود اتجاهات إيجابية للطلبة نحو الثقافة الرقمية ووعيهم بأهمية استخدام التكنولوجيات الحديثة في العملية التعليمية، إضافة الى احتلال التبعية الثقافية المرتبة الأولى ضمن أكثر سلبيات الثقافة الرقمية من وجهة نظرهم، كما كشفت البيانات أن أغلبية الطلبة يفضلون التعليم التقليدي على التعليم الالكتروني.
بيوتات العلماء في تلمسان الزيانية واسهاماتها الحضارية: "بيت بني مرزوق أنموذجا"
Authors: abbass Hakim ali , Herouini Salah
Published: November 2024

شهدت حاضرة تلمسان خلال العهد الزياني نشاط ثقافيا وحركة علمية منقطعة النظير وهي ما ساهمت في جعلها كمركز للإشعاع الثقافي ومنارة للعلم والعلماء، وذلك راجع لاهتمام سلاطينها بهذا الجانب وبروز عدة أسر علمية ساهمت بإنتاجها الثقافي والعلمي في البناء الحضاري، وتأتي أسرة بني مرزوق من بين أبرز هذه البيوت العلمية التي سجلت حضورها في الإنتاج الفكري الذي خلفه أبنائها في جل مناحي المعرفة والعلم.
                    وعليه جاء هذه المقال ليرصد البيوتات العلمية في تلمسان خلال العهد الزياني مقتصرة على نموذج فذّ تمثل في البيت المرزوقي الذي قدم مساهمة فعالة في دفع عجلة نمو الحركة الثقافية لتلمسان جاعلا منها مأوى للعلماء من كل صوب وحدب ومركزا للحضارة خلال فترات الزمنية المتلاحقة. فمن هم علماء وأبناء البيت المرزوقي؟ وكيف ساهموا ببناء السرح الحضاري للمغرب الأوسط عامة؟
خطر المخدرات الرقمية: سبل الوقاية وآليات المكافحة
Authors: Laggoun Saliha , Latreche Zakhroufa
Published: November 2024

نهدف من خلال هذه الدراسة إلى البحث عن مخاطر المخدرات الرقمية والتي أصبحت تعدمن الظواهر الانحرافية المستحدثة في المجتمعات نتيجة للتطورات التكنولوجية، و هي عبارة عن ملفات صوتية كانت تستخدم في السابق للعلاج إلا أن استخدامها العشوائي  أخذها إلى منحى آخر، حيث يقوم الفرد بالاستماع لها عن طريق سماعات الأذن لكل أذن تردد مختلف، فينتج عنه تغير في كهربائية الدماغ ويكون لها تأثير تعاطي المخدرات التقليدية  والكشف عن الفرق بين المخدرات الرقمية والمخدرات التقليدية  والأسباب و المخاطر، ومن أهم نتائج الدراسة هي  سبل المكافحة وتوعية الشباب بخطورة هذه الظاهرة  والوقاية منها عن طريق تظافر الجهود بين المجتمع المدني والمؤسسات الحكومية  ومؤسسات التنشئة الاجتماعية، سن قوانين ردعية لمنع انتشارها تفعيل برامج الحماية الالكترونية.
مستوى توافر مهارات البحث العلمي كما يتصوُّرُها طُلاب الدراسات العليا
Authors: Al-Burky Ahmed Mohamed Hamad
Published: November 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مستوى توافر مهارات البحث العلمي كما يتصوُّرُها طُلاب الدراسات العليا، في بعض الكليات بجامعة بنغازي. كما هدفت إلى التعرف عما إذا كان هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مستوى توافر مهارات البحث العلمي (تنفيذ خطوات البحث العلمي، كتابة البحث العلمي، تفسير وتحليل نتائج البحث العلمي، مهارات البحث في قواعد البيانات ومصادر المعلومات والمكتبات الإلكترونية على الإنترنت)، تُعزى لبعض متغيراتهما الديموغرافية والأكاديمية (الجنس، نظام التفرغ العلمي للدراسة، الكلية والقسم العلمي). وقد كشفت نتائجها بأنَّ مهارات البحث العلمي كما يتصوُّرُها طُلاب الدراسات العليا، قد جاءت متوفرة بمستوى مُتوسط في الكليات المبحوثة بمتوسط حسابي بلغ (3.304)، كما كشفت النتائج بأنه لا توجد هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مستوى توافر مهارات البحث العلمي، تُعزى لبعض متغيراتهما الديموغرافية والأكاديمية، وقد أوصت الدراسة بأن تُولي الإدارات الأكاديمية في الجامعة الأهمية القصوى لتوفير الاشتراكات السنوية في قواعد البيانات والمستودعات والمكتبات الرقمية العالمية؛ وذلك حتى يتسنَّى لطُلاب الدراسات العليا الاستفادة منها في إنجاز أبحاثهم ورسائلهم العلمية وزيادة إنتاجيتهم البحثية.
LEGAL REGULATION OF ELECTRONIC JOURNALISM IN ALGERIA
Authors: Boumechta Nouel
Published: November 2024

The study aims to get acquainted the legal regulation of electronic journalism in Algeria through the media law 12/05, and to reveal the limits and controls of the professional practice of electronic journalism and the responsibilities that it entails for the journalist and the publishing institution, through the use of descriptive inductive approach, to analyze the legal materials that provide for the regulation of the electronic journalism profession.
The study concluded, most notably, that the Algerian media law 12/05 provided a comprehensive definition of electronic journalism, and did not take into account the characteristics and features of this type of journalism, and it did not define the tasks and responsibilities of an electronic journalist, and considered electronic journalism to be those written communication on the internet, and excluded those that have a paper version and from it limited to one type.