bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aqueous and polyphenol-rich Larrea divaricata Cav. extracts as potential skin care agents
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Marrassini Carla , Martino Renzo ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Barreiro Arcos Maria Laura ,   Universidad Católica Argentina, Saint Martin Elina Malen ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cogoi Laura ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Alonso Maria Rosario ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Anesini Claudia ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires
Published: November 2021

Skin cells are affected by UV-induced oxidative stress resulting in photoaging and diseases. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of an aqueous extract of Larrea divaricata(Aq) and a flavonoid rich fraction (EA), obtained by liquid/liquid fractionation, on the proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts by the tritiated thymidine uptake assay and on cell viability by the trypan blue exclusion assay. The in vitro sun protection factor (SPF), peroxidase (Px)-like and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities were determined by kinetic spectrophotometric assays, and the phytochemical composition was determined by HPLC-UV and HPLC MS/MS.Aq and EA induced keratinocytes and fibroblast proliferation, protected fibroblasts from H2O2-induced apoptosis and exerted SOD-like and Px-like activities. Aq and EA had a high sun UVB protection factor. So, L. divaricatacould be used in a future for the development of new dermocosmetic or phytotherapy adjuvant in skin oxidative damage.
Efficacy and Safety of Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors:   Chinese PLA General Hospital, Yang Yanhui , Luo Yun , Kang Jingwen , Zhao Zhanbo , Weng Changshui , Zhang Li
Published: November 2021

Review question / Objective: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to evaluate quantitatively the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapies (ESWT) combined comprehensive treatments on hypertrophic scars and keloids compared with comprehensive treatments alone and provide clinicians with an evidence base for their clinical decision making. Information sources: We will search all English and Chinese language articles indexed in PubMed, Medline, the Excerpta Medica database (Embase), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro), Chinese biomedical literature service system(sinomed) before October 2021. In addition to these databases, Google Scholar and the lists of references will be used to carry out citation tracking of the selected studies for identifying any other eligible studies that could have been missed.
A Review of Internal Resistance and Temperature Relationship, State of Health and Thermal Runaway for Lithium-Ion Battery Beyond Normal Operating Condition
Authors: Muhammad Fikri Irsyad Mat Razi  , Zul Hilmi Che Daud  , Zainab Asus  , Izhari Izmi Mazali  , Mohd Ibtisyam Ardani  , Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid
Published: November 2021

One of the most popular energy sources in electrical circuitry is the lithium-ion battery (LIB) and it can be found in a variety of products from the smallest unit such as Airpod, smartwatch, smartphone to as big as farming drones, industrial robots, and electric vehicles. But the usage of lithium-ion batteries is limited to a range of temperatures. The normal operating temperature range for LIB is 40°C~65°C. Despite this, there are still cases where operating LIB at high temperature is unavoidable for example deep earth pipeline inspection in the oil & gas industry, sterilization of medical tools in the medical industry, harsh condition robots and drones in the industrial sector, and high ambient power storage for photovoltaic system. Operating LIB beyond normal conditions will affect the battery in several ways. In this paper, the effect of temperature on internal resistance is demonstrated by several studies, the results show LIB internal resistance decrease as temperature increase. Operating LIB beyond normal operating conditions can also lead to faster battery degradation. Battery state of health (SOH) is used to indicate battery degradation level. A battery with a low SOH performs poorly in terms of power delivery compared to a high SOH battery. In addition, operating LIB beyond normal operating conditions, stresses such as thermal stress can damage the battery and instigate thermal runaway causing violent combustion and explosion.
Greenhouse Gas Emission Intensity Assessment for Power Plants in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Sazalina Zakaria  , Radin Diana R. Ahmad  , Ahmad Rosly Abbas  , Mohd Faizal Mohideen Batcha
Published: November 2021

The power sector has been playing a vital role in the industrialization, societal and economic development of a nation. In Malaysia, the total power generation for 2014 is 147,480GWh and eventually accounts for 54% of total carbon emissions for that year alone. A study was conducted to quantify the greenhouse gas emission from stationary combustion from several power plants in Peninsular Malaysia, followed by proposal for the emission reduction strategies. For the GHG emissions assessment, the Greenhouse Gas Protocol: A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodologies was adopted. Based on this study, the highest GHG emission intensity were from coal power plants which ranged from 0.67 – 0.85 tCO2/ MWh. The GHG emission intensity for natural gas power plants ranged from 0.38 – 0.78 tCO2/ MWh. The overall GHG emission intensity for all power plants studied was estimated to be 0.54 tCO2/ MWh. The large variations in CO2 emissions per MWh of electricity generated in fossil fuel power plants were due to differences in generation efficiency, fuel selection, technology, and plant age. In supporting Malaysia’s conditional commitment of 45% GHG emissions intensity reduction target against the country’s GDP, the emission reduction strategies up to 2025 were assessed using three key scenarios namely Business-As-Usual (BAU), Planning (PLAN) and Ambitious (AMB). Based on the analysis, the projection indicates that the emissions intensity for the power sector is about 0.79 tCO2/ MWh, 0.49 tCO2/ MWh, and 0.44 tCO2/ MWh under the BAU, PLN AMB scenarios respectively. Finally, GHG emission reduction potentials were also outlined in this paper.
The Removal of Biomass Tar Derived Producer Gas by Means of Thermal and Catalytic Cracking Methods
Authors: Hafnee Lateh  , Juntakan Taweekun  , Kittinan Maliwan  , Zainal Alimuddin Zainal Alauddin  , Sukritthira Rattanawilai
Published: November 2021

Tar derived from biomass gasification system needs to be eliminated before applying biomass producer gas for avoiding equipment and its gas problems. In this study, thermal and catalytic cracking methods of biomass tar along with microwave assistance in heat transfer were experimented at various temperatures during 650-1,200 °C and residence at 0.24-0.5 s. The results present that high tar removal efficiency by approximately 90 % under thermal cracking treatment and about 98 % with catalytic cracking method. It also shows that the catalytic cracking especially modified catalyst could be lowered carbon deposition on catalyst surface.
Discrete Phase Modelling of Sediment Transport and Scouring of Suspended Particles in Dam Spillway
Authors: Nazirul Mubin Zahari  , Mohd Hafiz Zawawi  , Lariyah Mohd Sidek  , Fei Chong Ng  , Mohamad Aizat Abas  , Farah Nurhikmah  , Muhammad Naqib Nashrudin
Published: November 2021

One of foremost issue arise in the dam management and dam reliability assessment is the sedimentation of suspended particles. Sedimentation affected the energy production and efficiency, storage, discharge capacity, and flood attenuation capabilities. In this paper, the sediment transport and scouring in the dam spillway structure was modelled using finite volume method (FVM) based software, ANSYS. The trajectory of suspended particles in the water flow was formulated based on the discrete phase model (DPM). To access the simulation model, particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiment using scaled-down dam spillway model was conducted. The discrepancy between the findings attained from simulation and PIV experiment is less than 4.89%, inferred the numerical model was acceptable. It was found that the maximum scouring rate and maximum deposition rate are respectively 4.20×10−9 kg/s and 2.00×10−6 kg/s. As such, it was empirically approximated the dam maintenance should be scheduled once every 8.9 years, based on sole consideration on resolving the scouring and deposition of suspended particles. This work demonstrated the viability of DPM based numerical simulation in study the fluid-particle interaction of sediment transport problem, particularly for the application of dam reliability.
Design Intent of Future Tunnels
Authors: Mohammed Asadullah  , Sher Afghan Khan  , Parvathy Rajendran  , Ervin Sulaeman
Published: November 2021

The sound barrier for bullet trains remains a challenge due to the piston effect causing compression waves at the entry and exit of the tunnel. The air ahead of the train nose is compressed, and the wave propagates through the tunnel at the speed of sound and exits with the generation of micro pressure waves. It gives rise to a complex wave pattern comprising compression at the train nose & expansion at the train tail leading to the positive pressure around the nose and suction around the tail. This is intended to provide exhaustive input for the proper design of a futuristic tunnel. The cross-sectional shapes of the tunnel, whether square, rectangular, circular, or semi-circular, will experience pressure compression wave generated by high-speed train but will influence the flow pattern and hence the compression wave. This paper presents the pressure load on the walls of long and short tunnels for subsonic compressible and transonic flows. The experimental investigation is carried out only for length parameters to study short and long tunnels. Further, flow visualization is also provided after the formation of the sonic boom. The results of this investigation can be an essential data source for optimum design of high-speed tunnels so as to suppress or break the sound barriers, thus, resulting in a safer high-speed train network.
Inclusion of Viscous Dissipation on the Boundary Layer Flow of Cu-TiO2 Hybrid Nanofluid over Stretching/Shrinking Sheet
Authors: Yap Bing Kho  , Rahimah Jusoh  , Mohd Zuki Salleh  , Muhammad Khairul Anuar Mohamed  , Zulkhibri Ismail  , Rohana Abdul Hamid
Published: November 2021

The effects of viscous dissipation on the boundary layer flow of hybrid nanofluids have been investigated. This study presents the mathematical modelling of steady two dimensional boundary layer flow of Cu-TiO2 hybrid nanofluid. In this research, the surface of the model is stretched and shrunk at the specific values of stretching/shrinking parameter. The governing partial differential equations of the hybrid nanofluid are reduced to the ordinary differential equations with the employment of the appropriate similarity transformations. Then, Matlab software is used to generate the numerical and graphical results by implementing the bvp4c function. Subsequently, dual solutions are acquired through the exact guessing values. It is observed that the second solution adhere to less stableness than first solution after performing the stability analysis test. The existence of viscous dissipation in this model is dramatically brought down the rate of heat transfer. Besides, the effects of the suction and nanoparticles concentration also have been highlighted. An increment in the suction parameter enhances the magnitude of the reduced skin friction coefficient while the augmentation of concentration of copper and titanium oxide nanoparticles show different modes.
Multiphase CFD Investigation on Convective Heat Transfer Enhancement for Turbulent Flow of Water-Al2O3 Nanofluid
Authors: Suaib Al Mahmud  , Ahmad Faris Ismail
Published: November 2021

Because of extraordinary heat transfer capability, nanofluids have become a potential interest in engineering sectors. Despite being a multiphase fluid, nanofluids were treated as single phase fluids in many previous studies and comparison between single and two phase models was drawn. Examining nanofluids capability to augment heat transfer is one of the keys to utilize them properly in the field of thermofluids. However, the optimal multiphase model to simulate nanofluids heat transfer enhancement is yet to be found out. In this study, the method of computational fluid dynamics has been used to simulate flow of water-Al2O3 nanofluid in a circular pipe in the purpose of identifying the best multiphase model to simulate heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids. Two multiphase models have been taken into account: Volume of Fluid and Mixture model. Three different volume fractions of nanoparticles in nanofluid have been tested for each of these models such as 1%,4% and 6% for highly turbulent flows where Reynolds number was ranged between 20000 to 80000. The standard k-ɛ turbulence model has been employed to model the flow of nanofluid with the mentioned multiphase models in the present study. The results have been carried out in forms of correlation between Re and Nu and have been compared with existing experimental results. The results showed that the heat transfer enhancement of nanofluid is mostly dominated by concentration of nanoparticles present in the fluid and suggested that Mixture model is suitable for predicting convective heat transfer enhancement of nanofluid for cases with high particle concentration though the necessity of further experimental study in some scopes has been detected.
Conjugate Effect on the Thermal Characteristics of Air Impinging Jet
Authors: Ghassan Nasif  , Yasser El-Okda
Published: November 2021

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) investigation to determine the conjugate heat transfer (CHT) effect on the stagnation and local thermal characteristics due to an impinging process has been carried out in this study using STAR-CCM+ - Siemens PLM commercial code. The transient Navier-Stokes’s equations are numerically solved using a finite volume approach with k-ω SST eddy viscosity as the turbulence model. A fully developed circular air jet with different Reynolds numbers, impinging vertically onto a heated flat disc with different metals, thicknesses, and boundary heat fluxes are employed in the current study to examine the thermal characteristics and provide an enhanced picture for the convection mechanism that used in jet cooling technology. It is found that the thermal characteristics are influenced by the thermal conductivity and thickness of the target upon using air as a cooling jet. The CHT process enhances the local convective heat transfer at the fluid-solid interface due to the variation in transverse and axial conductive heat transfer inside the metal up to a certain redial extent from the stagnation region compared to the process with no CHT. The extent of the radial enhancement depends on the thermal conductivity of the metal. For a given thermal conductivity, the CHT process acts to increase the temperature and convective heat flux of the stagnation region as the metal thickness increases.
Effect of Expansion Direction/Area Ratio on Loss Characteristics and Flow Rectification of Curve Diffuser
Authors: Teo Wen Yong  , Normayati Nordin  , Bukhari Manshoor  , Zainal Ambri Abdul Karim  , Shamsuri Mohamed Rasidi  , Hau Chin Yong  , Muhammad Zahid Firdaus Shariff  , Muhammad Musleh Anuar
Published: November 2021

Curve diffuser is frequently used in applications such as HVAC, wind- tunnel, gas turbine cycle, aircraft engine etc. as an adapter to join the conduits of different cross-sectional areas or an ejector to decelerate the flow and raise the static pressure before discharging to the atmosphere. The performance of the curve diffuser is greatly affected by the abrupt expansion and inflection introduced, particularly when a sharp 90o curve diffuser is configured with a high area ratio (AR). Therefore, the paper aims to numerically investigate the effect of the expansion direction of AR=1.2 to 4.0 curve diffuser on loss characteristic and flow rectification. 90o curve diffuser operated at inflow Reynolds Number, Rein=5.934 × 104 to 1.783 × 105 was considered. Results show that pressure recovery improves when the area ratio increases from 1.2 to 2.16 for both 2D expansion (z- direction) and 3D expansion (x- and z- direction). On the other hand, the increase of inflow Reynolds number causes the flow uniformity to drop regardless of the expansion directions. 3D expansion (x- and z- direction) curve diffuser with AR=2.16, operated at Rein=8.163 × 104, is opted as the most optimum, producing the best pressure recovery up to 0.380. Meanwhile, 2D expansion (z-direction) curve diffuser of AR=2.16, , operated at Rein= 5.934 × 104, is chosen to provide the best flow uniformity of 2.330 m/s. 2D expansion (x- direction) should be as best avoided as it provides the worst overall performance of 90o curve diffuser.
Predictive Numerical Analysis to Optimize Ventilation Performance in a Hydropower Surge Chamber for H2S Removal
Authors: Mohammad Nurizat Rahman  , Mohd Shiraz Aris  , Mohd Haffis Ujir  , Mohd Hariffin Boosroh  , Dinishkaran Pillai a/l Velayutham Pillai
Published: November 2021

The role of a hydropower plant surge chamber as a pressure buffer to compensate excessive pressure fluctuations as a result of load demand variations contributes to the degassing phenomenon of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Recent data collected from the surge chamber of a hydropower plant reveals that the H2S extraction designs are not effective in controlling the H2S concentration levels especially during surge events. To manage a safe working environment in the presence of H2S requires a systematic evaluation and prediction of the influence of critical flow control conditions in relation to suction optimization and exhaust ducting location. A numerical study was carried out to analyze the flow dynamics and the subsequent response of H2S concentrations to cases involving the following flow mixing and suction scenarios: C1 - absence of suction fans, C2 - absence of fresh air supply, C3 - enhanced suction capability, C4 - reduction in the amount of fresh air supply and C5 - presence of additional ducting. The CFD model was able to provide a reliable assessment of the case scenarios as justified by the validation carried out with in-situ measurements (within 10 % of the actual measured data). The cases where the H2S presence was found to be acceptable with concentrations less than 5 ppm at the upper region of the surge chamber, are C3, C4 and C5. A major finding from the flow studies in the surge chamber is that a combination of negative pressure at the suction locations and the absence of the forced fresh air resulted in significant amount of air drawn in from the outdoors. It was also found that the existing forced fresh air inlet locations are inappropriate as they generate vortex flows which displaces the H2S adjacent to the water level upwards and would later fill the entire chamber. All in all, the validated CFD model of the hydropower plant surge chamber was helpful in providing an understanding of the flow conditions in relation to the management of H2S concentrations.
AYRILMA KAYGISI BOZUKLUĞU ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: KAYA Mehmet Metin
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada kaygı bozukluklarının alt kümesinde yer alan ayrılma kaygısı bozukluğu incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, kaygı türlerinin alt bileşenlerinden olan ayrılma kaygısı bozukluğu, bireyin erken yaşlarda çevresine uyumu, ileriki yaşlarda sosyal ilişkileri kurabilme becerisi ve bu ilişkiyi sürdürebilmesi açısından sebeplerinin incelenmesi ve gerekli müdahalelerin zamanında yapılabilmesinin önemi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrılma kaygısının bağlandığı kişiden ayrılamama, gelişim dönemine uygun olamayacak biçimde aşırı korku ve kaygı olarak tanımlanmıştır. Çalışmada ayrılma kaygısı bozukluğunun çocukluk ve yetişkinlikte görülme nedenlerine değinilmiştir. Nesne ilişkileri kuramı ve Klein’e göre ayrılma kaygısı nedenleri ile bağlanma teorisi kuramcısı John Bowlby’e göre ayrılma kaygısının nedeni olan bağlanma problemlerinden söz edilmiştir. Çalışmada ayrılma kaygısı bozukluğu tanısı ve klinik belirtileri ile DSM 5’e göre tanı ölçütleri vurgulanmıştır. Ayrılma kaygısı bozukluğu ile anne özellikleri ve çocuk mizacı ilişkisi, ayrılma kaygısı bozukluğu ve parçalanmış aile ilişkisine değinilmiştir. Çalışma, literatür incelemesini kapsamaktadır ve tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın literatür taraması üzerinden yapılarak, saha çalışmasının olmaması, sınırlılıklar olarak değerlendirilebilir. Ortaya çıkan sonuçta; bu bozukluğun tedavisinde aile eğitiminin ve bireysel terapinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrılma kaygısı bozukluğunun kişiler arası ilişkilerde, akademik ve sosyal yaşamda işlevselliğin bozulmasına yol açtığı ve çocuklarda bu bozukluğun tedavisinin sonraki yaşantısında ve gelişiminde daha sağlıklı ilişkiler geliştirmesi açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrılma kaygısı bozukluğunda aile eğitiminin önemi, bireysel terapi ve uzun süren ayrılma kaygı bozukluklarında ilaç desteği olmasının tedavi süreci açısından olumlu olacağı değerlendirilmektedir.
INSTITUTIONS AND PRACTICES OF MIGRATION REGULATION IN RUSSIA: KEY PROBLEMS OF THE SITUATION OF LABOR MIGRANTS
Authors: Khonkhodzhaev F. T. , Akramov S. Yu.
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматриваются основные системные проблемы управления миграционными процессами в связке с формальными и неформальными институтами, которые устанавливают «правила игры». Основное внимание уделяется функционированию институтов влияния, их роли в миграционных процессах. Для достижения поставленной цели исследования проведены опросы, беседы и анкетирование трудовых мигрантов в различных городах России и Таджикистана, анализ статистических данных, изучены теоретические и практические научные труды зарубежных и отечественных исследователей. В результате выделены и охарактеризованы три основные институты, такие как: регистрация (прописка), институт сдачи/аренды жилья, институт судейства (правосудия). Данные институты являются ключевыми в управлении миграционными процессами на национальном уровне.
EFFECT OF LEIOMYOMA ON MATERNAL AND FETAL OUTCOMES DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: OLUKLU Deniz , AKAR Serra , ÇAĞLAR Ali
Published: November 2021

Aim: The study aimed to determine the effects of leiomyoma size, number, location, and type on obstetric and fetal outcomes, retrospectively.

Materials and Method: A total of 292 singleton pregnancies, who were attended to perinatology unit of Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital in Ankara as part of routine antenatal follow-up between January 2007 and 2014 and delivered at or beyond 24 weeks were included. The study group consisted of patients with leiomyoma of 4 cm or more. Patients who underwent myomectomy during cesarean delivery, who had co-morbidities, uterine anomalies, or fetal malformations were excluded from the study. Obstetric and fetal outcomes were recorded.

Results: Vaginal delivery rate was significantly higher in patients with a single leiomyoma when compared to patients with 2 or more leiomyoma (p=0.009). Diagnosis of preterm labor was significantly higher in patients with leiomyoma size larger than 10 cm when compared to patients with leiomyoma sizes 4-7 cm and 7-10 cm (p =0.005 and p=0.002, respectively). The presentation anomaly rate was significantly higher in patients with leiomyoma sizes bigger than 10 cm when compared to patients with leiomyoma sizes 4-7 cm (p=0.008) and 7-10 cm (p =0.045). The need for transfusion was lower in the group with leiomyoma measuring 4-7 cm when compared to leiomyoma measuring 7-10 cm and those larger than 10 cm (p=0.010 and p = 0.011, respectively). Cesarean delivery rate was higher in patients with leiomyoma localized to the cervix and corpus in comparison to those localized to the corpus only (p =0.008). Vaginal delivery rate (40.9%) was higher in patients with intramural leiomyoma when compared to subserous (p=0.002) and combined (p=0.004) leiomyoma.

Conclusion: The prevalence of leiomyoma during pregnancy is increasing due to women planning pregnancy later in life, the increasing incidence of fibroids with age, and the rise of cesarean delivery rates which enables us to diagnose more cases in recent years. Patients with leiomyoma should be placed on close surveillance for possible complications during pregnancy, delivery and postpartum.
EVALUATION OF MATERNAL AND FETAL OUTCOMES OF PREGNANT WOMEN WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Authors: TURGUT Ezgi , TURAN Gökçe , KOOHNAVARD Soheil , KÜÇÜK Hamit , TUFAN Abdurrahman , KARÇAALTINCABA Deniz
Published: November 2021

Aim: To evaluate obstetrical and perinatal outcomes of pregnancies with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Materials and Method: This was a retrospective study evaluating obstetric outcomes of 35 patients with SLE who were followed up between 2010 and 2020. Lupus activity was based on SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) criteria and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated by grouping as active and inactive SLE.

Results: The mean maternal age was 29 (21-39). The rate of antiphospholipid syndrome and active disease was 5% and 40% respectively. There were 30 live births. Two elective abortions were reported, one with major cardiac anomaly and the other with renal agenesis. One spontaneous abortion and 2 stillbirths were observed in the active SLE group. Overall rates of intrauterine growth retardation, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery were 8%, 20%, and 26%, respectively. Fetal loss and preterm delivery were significantly higher in the active SLE group (p=0,018, p=0,023). A higher rate of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission was observed in the active SLE group (p=0,034) but Apgar scores less than 0,05).

Conclusion: Despite advances in the medical sciences, an active disease with SLE has an elevated risk of inducing adverse pregnancy outcomes. Close follow-up could helps reduce pregnancy complications, especially preterm deliveries.
Preeklampsi ve HELLP Sendromlu Olgularda Nötrofil-Lenfosit Oranı (NLO), Platelet-Lenfosit Oranı (PLO) ve Ortalama Platelet Hacminin (OPH) Karşılaştırılması
Authors: TAŞIN Cuma , AKCAN Serhat
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada hem HELLP sendromlu hem de preeklampsili hastaların NLO ve PLO değerleri normal sağlıklı kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı.

Metod: Bu çalışma, 2012-2020 yılları arasında Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum servisine yatan 50 HELLP sendromu, 110 şiddetli Preeklampsi (PE) ve 61 kontrol hastasının dosyaları taranarak retrospektif olarak yapıldı. Çalışmada HELLP sendromu ve preeklampsi hastaları, sağlıklı kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı. Ek hastalığı olan hastalar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Hasta gruplarının venöz kan hemogram parametreleri ve doğum sırasında alınan biyokimyasal değerleri kaydedildi. Hastaların yaşı, gebelik haftası, karaciğer fonksiyon testleri, böbrek fonksiyon testleri, hemogram parametreleri, NLO ve PLO değerleri ve oluşan komplikasyonlar karşılaştırıldı. Çalışmanın etik onamı alındı (Karar tarihi:28/04/2021; Karar sayısı: 343)

Sonuçlar: Çalışmada nötrofil sayısı, HELLP sendromu grubunda, kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (sırası ile 9493 ve 7210 p=0,04). NLO, hem HELLP sendromu hem de PE grubunda, kontrol grubuna göre yüksek bulundu (HELLP sendromu grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksekti (sırası ile 5,47 ve 3,66, p=0,02)). PLO, hem HELLP sendromu hem de PE grubunda, kontrol grubuna göre düşük bulundu (HELLP sendromu grubunda, kontrol grubuna (sıra ile 72 ve 111,18, p=0,0001) ve PE grubuna göre (sırası ile 72 ve 107,75 p=0,0002) anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu). Platelet sayısında tüm gruplar arasında anlamlı fark vardı (HELLP sendromu grubunda, PE grubuna (sıra ile 139,181 ve 196,222, p=0,0002) ve kontrol grubuna (sıra ile 139,181 ve 222,639, p=0,0001) göre anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu. Ayrıca PE grubunda, kontrol grubuna göre (sırası ile 196,222 ve 222,639 p=0,003) anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu). OPH, HELLP sendromu grubunda kontrol grubuna göre (sıra ile 9,95 ve 11,13, p=0,04) anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda inflamatuar belirteçlerden NLO’nun artışının ve PLO ve OPH’nin azalmasının hem HELLP sendromu tanısında hem de HELLP sendromu ile PE ayrımında kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşıldı
Diabetes Mellitus Management during the Coronavirus disease-19 Pandemic: Literature Review
Authors: Susilo Dody Hendro , Kusbaryanto Kusbaryanto , Kusumo Mahendro Prasetyo
Published: November 2021

AIM: This paper aims to analyze the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) health service management during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic situation. DM is a disease that has an increasing prevalence from year to year and has a high morbidity rate. This is not only the case in Indonesia but also globally. The severity of both diseases (DM and COVID-19) then demands the management of comprehensive patient services so as to reduce the risk of morbidity.

METHOD: The method used in this writing is the literature review method, carried out by examining journals’ articles published between 2020 and 2021.

RESULTS: The results showed that the impact of COVID-19 pandemic prevention will worsen the condition of DM sufferers where there will be the restrictions on the supply of healthy food, changes in eating habits, and access to health services due to concerns about COVID-19.

CONCLUSIONS: Hence, the conclusion is, during the COVID-19 pandemic situation, it was necessary to adjust the management of DM services to prevent complications from DM itself by utilizing health technology. The use of telehealth in diabetes service management needs to be developed as a solution to prevent and treat DM during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Rare Case of Interlobar Pneumothorax
Authors: Kabashi-Muçaj Serbeze , Shatri Jeton , Dedushi-Hoti Kreshnike , Thaqi Hakif , Pasha Flaka
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Pneumothorax is a severe medical condition characterized by the collection of air in one or several spaces of the pleura. A rare subtype of pneumothorax where air is restricted in interlobar pleural space, mostly due to the previous fibrous pleural adhesions, is known as interlobar pneumothorax.

CASE PRESENTATION: We present a rare case of a 58-year-old female admitted to the emergency department due to difficulty on breathing, hemoptysis, and discomfort in the right anterior axillary line, which worsened with inspiration and was associated with breathlessness during physical activity. The diagnosis was confirmed by thoracic multi slice computed tomography (MSCT), showing that air was located between the middle and lower lobes of the right lung , measuring 7 × 5 × 2.5 cm (transversal × oblique cranio-caudal × antero-posterior), representing interlobar pneumothorax.

DISCUSSION: Cases of interlobar pneumothorax need to be carefully differentiated and evaluated, while skin folds, overlapping breast margin, interlobar fissure, bullae in the apices, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, inferior pulmonary ligament air collection, pneumatocele, and air collection in the intrathoracic extrapleural space, can mimic pneumothorax and make diagnosing very challenging.
High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Risk Factor of Health-Related Quality of Life in 50–70-Year-Old Community-Dwelling Women
Authors: Wratsangka Raditya , Herwana Elly , Yenny Yenny , Xavieress Endrico , Krishnamurti Aditya
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of dyslipidemia, a risk factor of cardiovascular disease, is at present sufficiently high, particularly in the elderly. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is also an important outcome in the treatment of dyslipidemia, which is currently more targeted at lowering the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration.
AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration and HRQoL in community-dwelling women aged 50–70 years.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 137 women aged 50–70 years who underwent blood sampling for determining the concentrations of hemoglobin, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and HDL-C. A questionnaire was given to all subjects regarding data on age, menopausal status, level of education, and also another questionnaire of SF-36 for evaluation HRQoL. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with HRQoL.
RESULTS: In bivariate logistic regression analysis, age, menopausal status, education level, anemia, TC, and LDL-C were found to have non-statistically significant association with HRQoL, but HDL-C was significantly associated with HRQoL (odds ratio = 0.44; 95% Confidence interval [CI] = 0.20–0.97; p = 0.042). In multivariate analysis, menopausal status and education level have a non-statistically significant association with HRQoL, but those normal level of HDL cholesterol was found 0.18 times less likely to be associated with poor HRQoL (Adjusted odds ratio 0.18; 95% CI = 0.03–0.91; p = 0.038).
CONCLUSION: This study showed that HDL-C levels were risk factors of HRQoL in women 50–70 years of age.
Manuel de soins palliatifs
Authors: de Broca Alain
Published: November 2021

Résumé Puisque la technique devient omniprésente et tellement indispensable à l'homme pour survivre, elle est la première attente de l'homme malade. Le soignant de soins palliatifs aura de plus en plus de mal à se faire entendre s'il ne le comprend pas. Loin de se battre contre l'envahissement des techniques, le soignant de soins palliatifs doit au contraire en connaître toutes les facettes pour savoir, avec le patient, donner du sens à leur utilisation ou non. Et plutôt que de refuser le progrès parce qu'il modifie le rapport de l'homme à lui-même et semble favoriser sa déshumanisation, le soignant doit développer son sens de la réflexion philosophique pour aider à discerner en permanence la frontière ténue et labile entre l'obstination raisonnable et l'obstination déraisonnable. Le raisonnement éthique ne pourra pas se faire sans cette mue du soignant. Puisque le soignant de soins palliatifs est celui qui permet de conforter la vie alors que la maladie est inexorablement fatale, il se doit d'être aussi humble devant son alter ego malade qu'il doit être expert de tous les domaines qui fondent ses compétences (clinique, techniques, douleurs et toutes les aides de confort et de bien-être, abords philosophiques et spirituels).
Manuel de soins palliatifs
Authors: Choteau Bernadette
Published: November 2021

Résumé La souffrance des patients en fin de vie comporte différentes composantes reprises sous le vocable de souffrance globale ou Total pain. Celles-ci sont la douleur physique, la souffrance psychologique, sociale et spirituelle. Chaque malade traversera ces moments en fonction de son histoire et de ses repères. Dans une approche pluridisciplinaire, il appartiendra aux soignants de leur apporter toute leur compétence et tout leur savoir-être afin de permettre à chacun de continuer son chemin jusqu'au bout de sa vie.
Manuel de soins palliatifs
Authors: Wary Bernard
Published: November 2021

Résumé Les malades âgés en fin de vie souffrent encore d'un double déni de la vieillesse et de la mort. Pour que leur fin de vie soit un temps de vie, nous devons offrir une approche globale, interdisciplinaire et multi-professionnelle. Celle-ci ne s'improvise pas et nécessite de connaître toutes les spécificités démographiques, somatiques, psychologiques et éthiques. Démasquer, prévenir et traiter tous les symptômes pénibles, maintenir la communication verbale et non verbale, accompagner le travail de trépas comme le suivi de deuil, éviter les dérives éthiques comme l'euthanasie clandestine ou le défaut de soins, rester vigilant, humain et inventif.
Manuel de soins palliatifs
Authors: Laval Guillemette , Fabre Michaela
Published: November 2021

Résumé Les tout derniers jours de vie requièrent pour les soignants engagés autour du patient et de ses proches des connaissances et compétences pour diriger des thérapeutiques médicamenteuses et non médicamenteuses adaptées au plus près des besoins de celui qui va mourir. Des questions pratiques telle que la perte de la voie orale ou parentérale intraveineuse amènent à bien connaître les traitements possiblement administrables par voie sous-cutanée. L'accompagnement prend une grande place dans le suivi. La confrontation à des questionnements éthiques, particulièrement la question de la sédation ou des limitations de traitement impose dialogue, concertation et rigueur en regard des lois et décrets actuels. Le vécu des uns et des autres (patients, familles, proches et soignants, médecins compris) est marqué par la souffrance physique, psychosociale et spirituelle que traverse la personne malade. La question de la finitude, du sens de la vie, de l'inconnu de la mort amène à s'appuyer sur les réflexions, travaux (soignants, psychologues, psychanalystes, philosophes, théologiens, sociologues, anthropologues…) et textes fondamentaux des grandes traditions spirituelles. Dans tous les cas, la confrontation aux limites, aux soins et à l'accompagnement requiert une approche plurielle et un véritable travail en équipe qui permet aussi de donner sens à toutes décisions et tous actes de soin.
Bilateral Lenticule Creation Followed by Bilateral Lenticule Separation Improves Visual Outcomes After SMILE
Authors: Ma Jiaonan , Wang Yan , Jhanji Vishal
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE:

To explore the impact of different surgical sequences on the visual and refractive outcomes of bilateral small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis.

METHODS:

Participants who underwent uneventful SMILE between March 2018 and September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and were divided into two groups: Sequence A (laser scanning [LS] of the right eye, manual separation lenticule [MSL] of the right eye, and LS and MSL of the left eye) and Sequence B (LS of the right eye, LS of the left eye, MSL of the left eye, and MSL of the right eye). PSM was conducted to minimize the effect of confounding factors on postoperative visual outcomes at days 1 and 7 and months 1, 3, and 6. Safety, efficacy, predictability, and stability were compared between groups.

RESULTS:

Overall, 1,854 eyes of 927 participants were included (Sequence A, n = 280; Sequence B, n = 647). After PSM, there were no significant differences in baseline characteristics, and 534 eyes (267 patients) in the Sequence A group were matched (1:1) to the Sequence B group. The postoperative corrected distance visual acuity significantly differed between groups at 3 months (adjusted
P
= .007). The uncorrected distance visual acuity significantly differed between groups at all follow-up visits (adjusted
P
< .01). The safety index (1.341 ± 0.265 and 1.413 ± 0.294) and efficacy index (1.173 ± 0.191 and 1.251 ± 0.269) were different in the Sequence A and Sequence B groups, respectively, at 3 months (adjusted
P
< .01). No difference in visual outcomes was found between right and left eyes.

CONCLUSIONS:

Patients who had bilateral lenticule creation followed by bilateral lenticule separation had better postoperative visual outcomes than those who underwent complete SMILE surgery in each eye separately. Regardless of the surgical sequence chosen for the SMILE procedure, there was no impact on outcomes between the right and left eyes. Adjusting the sequence of the surgical procedure may be a way to improve the visual results.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(11):726–733.]
Should Artificial Tears Be Used During the Preoperative Assessment of Toric IOLs Before Age-Related Cataract Surgery? The TORIDE Study
Authors: Rochet Elsa , Levron Antoine , Agard Emilie , Chehab Hussam El , Plas Hélène , Bouvarel Hugo , Chirpaz Nicolas , Billant Jérémy , Dot Corinne
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE:

To assess the impact of the use of artificial tears during the preoperative work-up performed before age-related cataract surgery, when a toric intraocular lens (IOL) was indicated.

METHODS:

This was a monocentric prospective study assessing 73 eyes of 51 patients, included consecutively after a preoperative work-up performed without artificial tears (no artificial tears group), when a toric IOL was indicated. Each included patient underwent a second series of examinations: biometry using the IOLMaster 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) and topography using the OPD-Scan II (Nidek), 1 minute after artificial tears instillation (artificial tears group; hyaluronate de sodium 0.15%, threalose 3% [Théalose; Théa]). Changes in anterior corneal astigmatism and subsequent changes in toric IOL calculation were analyzed. The error in predicted residual astigmatism was calculated.

RESULTS:

Anterior corneal astigmatism and total corneal astigmatism measured with the IOLMaster 700 were significantly modified when artificial tears were instilled before the examinations (1.51 ± 0.57 diopters [D], range: 0.75 to −3.55 vs 1.42 ± 0.63 D, range: 0.42 to 3.35 D;
P
= .043 and 1.59 ± 0.54 D, range: 0.87 to 3.48 vs 1.51 ± 0.59 D, range: 0.56 to 3.27 D,
P
= .038, respectively). This modification led to a change in IOL cylinder calculation in 43.8% of cases and to a change in implantation axis greater than 10° in 17.7% of cases. These changes were significantly greater in patients with a breakup time (BUT) less than 5 seconds (57.5% and 27.8%, with
P
= .009 and .029, respectively). In the subgroup of patients with a BUT of less than 5 seconds, the mean absolute error in predicted astigmatism was significantly lower after artificial tears instillation (0.48 ± 0.50 D, range: 0.00 to 2.79 vs 0.37 ± 0.25 D, range: 0.00 to 1.10 D,
P
= .048).

CONCLUSIONS:

Dry eye significantly impacted toric IOL calculations and should be taken into account during the preoperative assessments. Using artificial tears reduced the number of refractive errors.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(11):759–766.]
A comprehensive earthquake catalogue for northeastern British Columbia: the northern Montney trend from 2017 to 2020 and the Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area from 2019 to 2020
Authors: Visser R , Kao H , Dokht R M H , Mahani A B , Venables S
Published: November 2021

To increase our understanding of induced seismicity, we develop and implement methods to enhance seismic monitoring capabilities in northeastern British Columbia (NE BC). We deploy two different machine learning models to identify earthquake phases using waveform
data from regional seismic stations and utilize an earthquake database management system to streamline the construction and maintenance of an up-to-date earthquake catalogue. The completion of this study allows for a comprehensive catalogue in NE BC from 2014 to 2020 by building upon our previous
2014-2016 and 2017-2018 catalogues. The bounds of the area where earthquakes were located were between 55.5°N-60.0°N and 119.8°W-123.5°W. The earthquakes in the catalogue were initially detected by machine learning models, then reviewed by an analyst to confirm correct
identification, and finally located using the Non-Linear Location (NonLinLoc) algorithm. Two distinct sub-areas within the bounds consider different periods to supplement what was not covered in previously published reports - the Northern Montney Trend (NMT) is covered from 2017 to 2020 while the
Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area (KSMMA) is covered from 2019 to 2020. The two sub-areas are distinguished by the BC Oil & Gas Commission (BCOGC) due to differences in their geographic location and geology. The catalogue was produced by picking arrival phases on continuous
seismic waveforms from 51 stations operated by various organizations in the region. A total of 17,908 events passed our quality control criteria and are included in the final catalogue. Comparably, the routine Canadian National Seismograph Network (CNSN) catalogue reports 207 seismic events - all
events in the CNSN catalogue are present in our catalogue. Our catalogue benefits from the use of enhanced station coverage and improved methodology. The total number of events in our catalogue in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 62, 47, 9579 and 8220, respectively. The first two years correspond to
seismicity in the NMT where poor station coverage makes it difficult to detect small magnitude events. The magnitude of completeness within the KSMMA (ML = ~0.7) is significantly smaller than that obtained for the NMT (ML = ~1.4). The new catalogue is released with separate files for
origins, arrivals, and magnitudes which can be joined using the unique ID assigned to each event.
Fibrositis and non-articular rheumatism
Authors: Graham Wallace
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
Efficacy and safety of ivermectin for COVID-19
Authors: Singh Alok , Sheth Pranav G , Dhaneria Suryaprakash , Gupta Dhyuti
Published: November 2021

Objective:

To critically evaluate the trials that have assessed the efficacy and safety of ivermectin COVID-19 and to validate the rationality of using this drug in the management of COVID-19 either as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent.

Methods:

The authors conducted a systematic search through various databases, i.e., Cochrane library, PubMed, clincialtrials.gov, and preprint servers, for publications from 2020 to May 2021. The keywords used for the search were: “COVID-19 and ivermectin” (with filter set for “trials”). All the trials assessing efficacy in prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 were included for analysis. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients showing disease progression. Secondary outcomes were mean duration of hospitalization and resolution of symptoms, the proportion of patients testing positive on day 5-7, the mortality rate in severe cases, incidence of serious adverse events, and contacts of COVID-19 positive patients who turned RT-PCR positive after prophylaxis treatment.

Results:

A total of 17 clinical trials were included for the evaluation. Ivermectin proved to be a beneficial add-on therapy, as it reduced the risk of disease progression (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.30-0.74, P=0.001), led to early resolution of symptoms (MD -1.16, 95% CI -1.52--0.81, P<0.001), and had less duration of hospitalization (MD -2.21, 95% CI -3.23--1.19, P<0.001). In addition, ivermectin was better in providing effective prophylaxis (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.05-0.30, P<0.001). The incidence of serious adverse events was low.

Conclusions:

As an adjunct to standard care, ivermectin has shown its efficacy and safety in treating and prophylaxis in COVID-19 disease. These results should be interpreted cautiously as these trials had significant shortcomings.
Favipiravir and its potentials in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tam Dao Ngoc Hien , Qarawi Ahmad T , Luu Mai Ngoc , Turnage Morgan , Tran Linh , Tawfik Gehad Mohamed , Minh Le Huu Nhat , Huy Nguyen Tien , Iiyama Tatsuo , Kita Kyoshi , Hirayama Kenji
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused millions of deaths and hundreds of millions of confirmed infections worldwide. This pandemic has prompted researchers to produce medications or vaccines to reduce or stop the progression and spread of this disease. A variety of previously licensed and marketed medications are being tested for the treatment and recurrence of SARS-CoV2, including favipiravir (Avigan). Favipiravir was recognized as an influenza antiviral drug in Japan in 2014, and has been known to have a potential in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2, in addition to its broad therapeutic safety scope. Favipiravir was recently approved and officially used in many countries worldwide. Our review provides insights and up-to-date knowledge of the current role of favipiravir in the treatment of COVID-19 infection, focusing on pre-clinical and ongoing clinical trials, evidence of its efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19, side effects, anti-viral mechanism, and the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug in the treatment of COVID-19. Due to its teratogenic effects, favipiravir cannot be offered to expectant or pregnant mothers. The practical efficacy of such an intervention regimen will depend on its dose, treatment duration, and cost as well as difficulties in application.