bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ailgysyniadoli Cwricwlwm mewn cyfnod newydd o Addysg yng Nghymru
Authors: Smith Kevin
Published: December 2024

Mae’r fframwaith cwricwlwm newydd i Gymru yn cynnig dull o ymdrin â gwaith cwricwlwm i addysgwyr sy’n wahanol iawn i’r cwricwlwm cenedlaethol blaenorol a gyflwynwyd ym 1988. Un nodwedd o’r fframwaith cwricwlwm newydd yw ei bwyslais ar brofiad. Fodd bynnag, nid oes llawer o gefnogaeth i ystyriaethau damcaniaethol o brofiad yn cael ei chynnig gan Lywodraeth Cymru yn ei chanllawiau ar gyfer athrawon. Mae’r erthygl hon yn cynnig y gall dulliau ailgysyniadolaidd o ymdrin â theori cwricwlwm a damcaniaethu fynd i’r afael â’r diffyg hwn. Mae ailgysyniadoli cwricwlwm yn newid y ffocws o safbwyntiau traddodiadol i ddeall cwricwlwm fel profiad bywyd (Pinar 2019). Yn ogystal, drwy gyflwyno dull currere, mae Pinar (1975) yn cynnig dull y gall addysgwyr ei ddefnyddio i ddadansoddi a dehongli sut mae eu profiadau addysgol yn dylanwadu ar eu gwerthoedd, eu harferion a’u hunaniaethau addysgol ac yn eu siapio, yn ogystal â sut maent yn dod i ddeall cwricwlwm (Pinar et al. 2008). Yn yr erthygl hon, rwy’n trafod tarddiad a nodau’r mudiad ailgysyniadolaidd yng nghyd-destun y cwricwlwm newydd i Gymru ac yn dadlau y gall dulliau o’r fath o ddeall cwricwlwm gynyddu gallu athrawon i wneud ymchwil addysgol, gwella eu dealltwriaeth gwricwlaidd, a chryfhau mynegiant o’u llais addysgol a phroffesiynol.
Developments in inclusive education and additional learning needs in Wales
Authors: Conn Carmel , Hicks Megan , Thomas David Vittle
Published: December 2024

In relation to inclusive education and additional learning needs, developments in Wales reflect global trends elsewhere. Whilst there has been a longstanding commitment to inclusive education in schools, progress towards this has been slow, accompanied by growth in special education and persistence of belief in segregated practices as in the best interests of some learners. This article explores developments in the area of inclusive education and additional learning needs in Wales over the last two decades. First, we consider the policy context, specifically the introduction of the Curriculum for Wales and its alignment with the new system for learners with additional learning needs. Following this, we focus on practice and the response to educational reform by schools and local authorities. We conclude that systems for inclusion and learning support currently being developed in Wales have the potential for enhancing well-being and achievement for a wider group of learners if certain conditions are in place.
Datblygiadau mewn addysg gynhwysol ac anghenion dysgu ychwanegol yng Nghymru
Authors: Conn Carmel , Hicks Megan , Thomas David Vittle
Published: December 2024

O ran addysg gynhwysol ac anghenion dysgu ychwanegol, mae datblygiadau yng Nghymru yn adlewyrchu tueddiadau byd-eang mewn mannau eraill. Er y bu ymrwymiad hirsefydlog i addysg gynhwysol mewn ysgolion, araf fu’r cynnydd tuag at hyn, ynghyd â thwf mewn addysg arbennig a dyfalbarhad y gred bod ymarfer ar wahân er lles gorau rhai dysgwyr. Mae’r erthygl hon yn archwilio datblygiadau ym maes addysg gynhwysol ac anghenion dysgu ychwanegol yng Nghymru dros y ddau ddegawd diwethaf. Yn gyntaf, rydym yn ystyried y cyd-destun polisi, yn benodol cyflwyno’r Cwricwlwm i Gymru a sut mae’n cyd-fynd â’r system newydd ar gyfer dysgwyr ag anghenion dysgu ychwanegol. Yn dilyn hyn, rydym yn canolbwyntio ar ymarfer a’r ymateb i ddiwygio addysg gan ysgolion ac awdurdodau lleol. Rydym yn dod i’r casgliad bod gan systemau ar gyfer cynhwysiant a chymorth dysgu sy’n cael eu datblygu yng Nghymru ar hyn o bryd y potensial i wella lles a chyflawniad grŵp ehangach o ddysgwyr os oes amodau penodol ar waith.
Von Bewegungen, Entgrenzungen und Gleichzeitigkeiten: Schwarze deutsche Literatur als polyphone Tradition lesen
Authors: Oholi Jeannette
Published: December 2024

In this article, I argue in favor of reading Black German literature as a polyphonic literary tradition, and against an isolated reading of novels, as this limits and reproduces an imagined lack of history (Geschichtslosigkeit). In order to be able to read Black German literature as a literary tradition, I propose the method of text comparison, which centers themes, motifs, (deliminations of) form and other aesthetics across genres. As I show, a comparative analysis can, for example, focus on movements, the diaspora, postcolonial Germany and the writing into, rewriting and writing anew of histories. A shift in perspective in literary studies from the isolation of Black German literature to its contextual embedding in a Black literary tradition makes clear that a strictly linear view of Black German literature does not do justice, as the literatures exist in plural simultaneities (Gleichzeitigkeiten) and are in dialogue with each other.
Safety and dynamic factors for determining the military load capacity of road bridges
Authors: Hajós Bence
Published: December 2024

For efficient military transport, the load capacity of bridges must be classified. This canbe done in several ways. A quick and sufficiently accurate method of classification isto compare loads (moments). The procedure requires finalising the values of the safetyand dynamic factors for different concurrency cases. This document reviews theconditions and circumstances under which these factors can be determined.
Halálos fegyverhasználatok és kiadatási eljárás a határőrségnél 1957–1962 között
Authors: Fórizs Sándor
Published: December 2024

A szerző a határőrségnél 1957–1962 között szolgálatban bekövetkezett, sorkatonákáltal elkövetett külföldre szökések néhány különleges, fegyverhasználathoz kapcsolódóesetét dolgozza fel. A tanulmány alapját a Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár OrszágosLevéltára dokumentumai képezik. Az olvasó megismerheti az akkor érvényben voltszabályzásokat, a kiválasztott események bekövetkezésének körülményeit, kapcsolódóügyészségi és bírósági eljárásokat, a határőrség vezetésének reakcióit. Betekinthetünkegy gyilkossággal kezdődött ügy kiadatási eljárásának folyamatába, okmányaiba.
A hadikultúrák megjelenése a közelmúlt kaukázusi háborúiban
Authors: Szénási Imre
Published: December 2024

Tanulmányomban definiálom a hadikultúra fogalmát, illetve bemutatom a mozgás-, az anyagcentrikus, illetve a gerilla-hadikultúrák általános jellemzőit. Az írás második részében a Kovács Jenő által kidolgozott felosztás alapján elemzem a 2008-as orosz–grúz és a 2020-as második hegyi-karabahi háborút, ismertetve azok előzményeit, valamint főbb jellemzőit.
Rediscovering the Child
Authors: Gerker Heather
Published: December 2024

Maria Montessori’s early emphasis on systematic observation and experimentation to understand children’s learning predates the formal recognition of the “teacher as researcher” role, which emerged in the 1950s. This article explores the use of action research today in Montessori education, focusing on classroom-based action research (CBAR) and practitioner inquiry as key methodologies for enhancing teaching practices. We begin by defining classroom-based action research and its application in Montessori teacher education, highlighting its role in fostering reflective, evidence-based investigations that improve classroom practices. Two CBAR studies from the University of Wisconsin-River Falls are presented: (1) Kaul’s exploration of student choice in math practice and (2) Thompson’s investigation of structured literacy in a Montessori Children’s House. The article also discusses practitioner inquiry projects from Loyola University Maryland, which examine the inclusion of students with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the effectiveness of Montessori Math materials in promoting math fluency.
Cultural and Value Core of Russian Society: Current State and Prospects
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow), Moshelkov Evgeniy
Published: December 2024

Review of the Collective Monograph
‘‘Value-sense and Intellectual Foundations of Russia’s Strategic
Development in the Context of Global Challenges’’
Problems of Values in Memory and Reenactment Studies
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University (Nizhny Novgorod), Nikolai Feodor
Published: December 2024

The article provides a comparative analysis of the “memorial boom” and historical
reenactment value systems. It is proved that cartography of differences in the practices of
commemoration is possible only at the intersection of the study of value orientations and
the imposition of memory frames. The very concept of reenactment is extremely indicative for
characterizing contemporary attitude towards the past: it marks a significant departure from
the constructivist paradigm of memory studies, which is being replaced by a partial return to
Rankean realism and at the same time (in the spirit of “post-truth”) a paradoxical recognition of
the impossibility of such a return. This contradiction, as well as the ambivalence of the relationship
between expert knowledge of the past and popular culture, which does not recognize the status of
experts, is softened in the movement of historical reenactment due to a set of conventional rules
that can vary depending on the situation. A fundamental feature of historical reenactment is weak
reflexivity, which contributes to the displacement of ethical pathos and value-rational judgments of
the 1980s-1990s “memory boom” by emotional-affective and traditional actions out of habit.
Секс и вытеснение в обществе дикарей
Authors: Малиновски Бронислав й
Published: December 2024

Бронислав Малиновский (1884–1942) — известнейший британский антрополог польского происхождения. Его перу принадлежит ряд увлекательных книг о верованиях и обычаях туземцев Новой Гвинеи и Тробрианских островов. Предлагаемая вниманию читателя работа — не только очередное захватывающее исследование, описывающее сокровенные стороны жизни удивительных обитателей Океании, но и документ эпохи. Малиновский одним из первых стал применять принципы психоанализа в других областях науки, хотя использовал он эти принципы далеко не безоговорочно. Книга, написанная при жизни Фрейда, представляет собой яркую и убедительную полемику с идеями основателя психоанализа и его последователей. Споря с психоанализом, ученый подробно разбирает проблему Эдипова комплекса на богатом материале из жизни матрилинейного общества, а затем постепенно расширяет круг интересов антропологии, осваивая "промежуточную область между наукой о человеке и наукой о животных".
Книга будет интересна не только специалистам в области антропологии и психоанализа, но и широкому кругу читателей.
¿Qué ideas previas tienen los alumnos de sexto de primaria de la Edad Media?
Authors: Callarisa Mas Joan
Published: December 2024

This article is part of the analysis and follow-up of the interdisciplinary project carried out with sixth grade students during the 2015-2016 school year. Such article treats on which previous ideas exist on a specific period as Middle Ages and if these can be modified along a course.The results obtained serve to conclude how the interdisciplinary project carried out with the students in this stage of higher cycle did improve or expand their initial ideas about the Middle Ages and the monastery of Sant Pere de Casserres.
Geografía y tiempo contemporáneo: educación geográfica y enseñanza de las ciencias sociales para el mundo global
Authors: De Miguel González Rafael
Published: December 2024

This article is a state of the question about geographic education from the scope of the educational purposes and its reflection in the curriculum. Later, it analyses the most recent contributions -either from the epistemology of geography, either from geography education theory-, which demonstrate the importance of geography in the school curriculum. After a comparative analysis of different curricula with the Spanish case, we suggest a new curricular proposal for geography education, based on six contemporary approaches.
Literacidad crítica y enseñanza de las ciencias sociales en primaria: “Profe, las bolsas de plástico no son medusas”
Authors: Tosar Bacarizo Breo
Published: December 2024

This research attempts to answer the question of how primary education students interpret texts about social problems, in order to become aware, make decisions and produce alternatives responsibly. The participant observation of the uses of the literacies of 286 sixth-graders (eleven to twelve years), in seven elementary schools of Barcelona and surroundings, focuses on the interpretation of different texts (videos, images, magazines, etcetera) on the controversial issue of marine pollution and ecologism. The data is analyzed from a critical and interpretative perspective, based on the triangulation of the results of a questionnaire and group interviews, and stress the importance of new literacies as a line of research in social science didactics. Therefore, the phenomenon of the critical capacity of boys and girls in the last year of primary school is explored to analyze texts in order to promote social actions, from the critical framework of new literacies.
Las problemáticas socio-ambientales en la región sur de Córdoba abordadas desde las ciencias sociales para el profesorado de educación primaria
Authors: Bertorello Susana Emma , Hurtado Eduardo José
Published: December 2024

The aims of social Sciemces are diverse, we can name cultural, scientific, those related to intelectual issues, to actions linked to the practical, to politics matters and to personal development. To educate social thinking we must stimulate a deep comprension of the past and also the present. Analyse the cpmplexities of reality searching to konw the politics and socioeconomics decisions, also as the matrices that propitiated the local-regional socio historic development. The changes in the relation society-nature are matter of concern for some perspective that notice the seriousness of the problems of environment deterioration that affect the whole world and some regions in particular. In all territories the activities carried out by the society trigger diverse complications in its relation whit nature. In consecuenses research about teaching and learning of the environmental themes  is key in order to make substantiated decisions in the momento of arguing propositionally in relation to aulics practics. It is relevant to ask ourselves: ¿What knowledge about socio-enviromental develop the students of the primary school teaching faculty? ¿Are they present on theirs aulics proposals? ¿Are explicit the aims for wich they work whit socio-enviromental topics in their practices? From a qualitative and critical perspective, we examinate the curricular content of the social Sciences and it didactics, the productions of the students and the knowledge, proposing realice an inquiry about the problems of the teaching and learning of the didactic triangle, students, teachers and academic knowledge.
Principios Metodológicos de la Multimodalidad para la formación del profesorado de Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Triviño Cabrera Laura
Published: December 2024

Multimodality is a new discipline whose impact is in an exploratory phase. This work addresses the research lines we are currently developing in a Research Project entitled “X”, that seeks to establish methodological principles for using the multimodality in the social studies training teacher at the University of Málaga. 
 This project focuses on the elaboration of a multimodal didactic proposal applied at teaching-learning process that deals with a quadruple difficulty stemming from scarce or non-existent training teacher for Master's in Teaching Compulsory Secondary Education, Post-Compulsory Secondary, Social Sciences (History of Art, Geography, History and Philosophy) knowledge on the following topics: the application of inter-disciplinarity; connecting with the present day; the introduction of media culture in classrooms and the visibility of otherness.
 According to Gunter Kress work, it has been recognized different modes and therefore, written, visual and audiovisual texts that promove the step from monomodality to multimodality in the teaching-learning process of the Social Sciences.
Cuestiones socialmente vivas en la formación inicial del profesorado: la infancia refugiada siria como problemática
Authors: Jiménez Martínez María Dolores , Felices de la Fuente María del Mar
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a project, conceived as action research, which has been implemented within the framework of teacher training, specifically, in the second year of the Degree in Primary Education of the University of Almeria. The main objective is to develop professional competences in future teachers, who provide them with the necessary strategies to train “global” citizens, capable of understanding their world and engage with it. The project has focused on a relevant social problem such as the situation of Syrian refugee children, a subject that, unfortunately, is very topical in our days. The objectives that we set out have their origin in the model of teacher we want to train. Related to this, we asked ourselves if competences offered by the framework of the European Higher Education Area are sufficient to turn our university students into professionals with critical, social, ethical and democratic thinking through working with relevant social problems. It was important to develop a critical training model with the intention that students will realize the need to transform Social Sciences into an instrument that makes possible, from the school, the social change.
We also wanted to overcome prejudices in the students about the possibilities that offer the curriculum design to work on these topics, and show them that curricular contents should be put at the service of education to transform citizenship and commit to action. In this paper we advance the theoretical foundation on which the project is based, as well as the phases in which it has been organized for its development. Although we are in an initial phase of analysis of results, we can establish some first conclusions that reveal the positive impact of the project.
El uso escolar del patrimonio cultural en las ciencias sociales y la contribución de lo digital: algunas líneas de investigación en Quebec
Authors: Larouche Marie-Claude
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to offer a perspective on research carried out in Québec since the last seven years on the school use of cultural heritage and digital media or resources in collaboration, for the most part, with cultural organizations, including galleries, libraries, archives and museums from different disciplinary fields. Works done by the author of this article and some of her colleagues are presented. The author's interest in educational intervention in the field of social sciences, and sometimes in the arts, has materialized through the collaborative development of cultural mediation devices that often involve digital platforms. The willingness of a growing number of heritage and cultural institutions to consider such integration to their cultural mediation practices (Goldman, 2011; SMQ, 2011) prompted the author to undertake some research-development (or "research and investigation") (Van Der Maren, 1996) of a collaborative nature. Thus, teachers and museum or cultural actors are part of the collaborators, in the context of association with institutions such as the Museum of Fine Arts of Montréal, the McCord Museum, the Boréalis Museum, the Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, and Télé-Québec. The general objective remains to establish links between culture and education, and thus contribute to update the essentially cultural mission of the school, using the resources of cultural organizations.
The potential of cooperative learning and peace education to promote social competences in higher education
Authors: Martínez Lirola María
Published: December 2024

This article offers a proposal to teach in a foreign language subject using some cooperative activities that promote the principles of peace education and the acquisition of social competences at tertiary education. Cooperative learning has been successfully implemented in the last 60 years for teaching at different educational levels including the Higher Education studies due to its solid theoretical foundation, the principles it proposes and its practical applications. Working in small groups in order to accomplish the different cooperative activities proposed implies the promotion of communication and conflict solving as social competences. Moreover, this paper will highlight the importance of managing conflicts in a peaceful way and respecting the different opinions, which are basic principles in peace education. We propose the establishment of cooperative activities which enhance peace as an example to work on social issues in University education so that students improve their critical capacity when reflecting on issues such as poverty, war, globalization, gender, human rights or racism. Finally, a survey was conducted in order to establish students’ opinions about the cooperative activities designed and the social competences they acquired in doing them. Students’ answers show that they are aware of the importance of learning social competences for life.
Los problemas sociales relevantes: enfoque interdisciplinar para la enseñanza integrada de las ciencias sociales
Authors: Ocampo Ospina Luisa Fernanda , Valencia Santiago
Published: December 2024

This paper exposes the theoretical propositions that served to sustain the research on how social sciences' teaching from the approach of relevant social problems -RSP- constitutes a proposal for interdisciplinary integration to comprehend the social reality in the school. These statements are the product of the relationships between research and the methodological approach -a case study guided by the theory- used for it. We argue that promoting the application of the RSP approach in the school curricula implies a paradigm shift in the organization of the contents, since this come up with the need for a critical curriculum in which an interpretative view of reality and a critical vision of teaching and learning are incorporated. Thus, through the development of linguistic cognitive abilities students achieve an understanding of the social reality, a main purpose in social sciences' teaching, in order to be able to intervene this reality based on their social and civic action.
La formación del profesorado universitario de Historia: avances y dificultades del proceso
Authors: Fraile-Delgado Francisco Jesús
Published: December 2024

The permanence of transmissive didactic models in the teaching staff seems to continue to be present in university classrooms. However, the need for teacher training at university level has been evident in the numerous studies carried out. The European Commission of 2014 pointed to the need for educational innovation as part of the improvement of higher education. The aim of this work is to identify the main problems of university history teachers in order to improve their teaching practice. To this end, we have selected 2 teachers who participated in the Teacher Training Programme of the University of Seville (FIDOP) during the period 2013-2017. The training of teachers was followed by means of portfolios. This work adopts a qualitative approach following a case study design. To this end, an analysis of the contents of the portfolios is carried out in order to try to understand the main problems encountered by teachers. The result of this study reveals how there is a progression in the professional development of teachers, although they allude to obstacles in content, methodology and evaluation. In any case, the results are satisfactory and are associated with positive emotions in relation to their own practice. This work highlights the need to improve teacher training programmes, according to the particularities of teaching in the area, and to establish continuous training for university teachers. All this for the improvement of higher education.
Ciudadanía global y enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales: retos y posibilidades para el futuro
Authors: Pagès i Blanch Joan
Published: December 2024

In education, we often get carried away by certain tendencies that believe that changing names changes things. Surely, this works in the markets. It is part of the neoliberal logic that invades us. But we know, from experience and research, that it does not work in education, much less when we refer to the curriculum and teaching of the social sciences and their disciplines. The continuity of contents and methodologies outperforms changes and innovations. Despite the tenacity with which some insist again and again on the need for change, innovation and teacher training in line with our desire to foster reflective practice and critical teaching staff. We have made small, slow, very slow advances that predispose us to move forward despite resistance and misunderstanding.
Desarrollo del pensamiento espacial: estudio de caso a partir del manejo de representaciones cartográficas en el aula de la básica primaria
Authors: Prada Quiñonez Yohana , Castaño Vaquero Mayory , Pantoja Suárez Paula Tatiana
Published: December 2024

This article is the product of the systematization of the didactic experience generated from the teaching of Social Sciences using information and communication technologies -ICTs-, based on the use of cartographic representations for develop spatial thinking in elementary school students. The research is carried out with fourth grade students of the Juan Bautista Migani Educational Institution of the municipality of Florencia (Caquetá, Colombia), as part of the didactic strengthening for the appropriation of strategies that facilitate teaching and learning processes in the Social Sciences and contribute to a greater apprehension of knowledge on the part of the student and the qualification of the teaching exercise through the use of innovative educational tools. The didactic research was developed under the qualitative approach based on the case study; for this, it was started by the intervention of teachers-tutors of Social Sciences to design and develop practical exercises that sought to establish students' comprehension capacity in terms of space management, from the location and identification of cartographic elements using ICT's - from the Google Maps application - as a didactic tool. This process led to establish the need to incorporate new teaching strategies in the classroom to enrich the teaching practice and facilitate skills and abilities in students to apply knowledge in their interaction with the environment.
Cenozoic Intracontinental Reactivation of the Central Indian Tectonic Zone
Authors: S. Kale Vivek , Patil Pillai Shilpa
Published: December 2024

A cryptic summary of the available data on the regional fault framework associated with the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) is presented within the framework of the geomorphic characters of the region, to highlight the anomalous development of the westward draining (Narmada and Tapi) river basins of central India. The CITZ has a Precambrian heritage as a collisional intercratonic zone. The reactivation of the inherited faults from this zone controlled the geometry and evolution of anomalous hinterland Quaternary alluvial sedimentary basins along these river basins. This zone has suffered active intracontinental tectonics in the post-Deccan Trap times extending into the historical past.

Available data are however inconclusive on whether the tectonics was of compressive or extensional nature. Focussed studies of this fault framework and their interrelations in 3-dimensions, besides elucidation of timing and nature of events of dislocation along them are required before any robust model of Cenozoic tectonics along the CITZ can be compiled.
Gram staining v1
Authors: Meister Christoph , Bernhart Lea , F Jimenez-Soto Luisa
Published: December 2024

This protocol is performed as described by the ASM (American Society of Microbiologists) in their document Gram Staining Protocol, 1981. Our aim is to include all instructions that could be useful for the absolute beginner. Procedure: The first step of the procedure is the primary stain uses crystal violet, which is then fixed with iodine (the mordant), by forming crystal violet-iodine complexes. This prevents the easy removal of the dye. After this, the dye is removed using a decolorizer. A second dye (such as safranin of fuchsin) is added to stain the decolorized cells. Theory: The Gram stain was developed by Hans Christian Gram in 1882. It lets the experimentator separate microorganisms into two groups, based how well their cell-membranes can retain the crystal violet dye. At first, most bacteria cells will take up the crystal violet. The lugol solution stabilizes the previous stain with the peptidoglycan wall in bacteria containing one cellular membrane and a thick wall of peptodiglycan (called monoderms or Gram-positives). When the solvent (ethanol) is added, the diderm organisms (or bacteria containing two cytoplasmic membranes, or gram-negative) lose their outer lipid layer and alongside most of the stain, as they contain a very small peptidoglycan layer unable to capture the crystal violet - iodide complexes. To be able to see them under microscope, a counter-stain is added making diderm organisms visible again, with the pink color of the safranin reagent (see Gram Staining protocol, 1981). There are bacteria classified as "acid-fast" which are not stained with this protocol. If you need more information about them, you can read the paper from Bayot, Mirza and Sharma (2023). Further reading:
0.1 M Potassium Phosphate Buffer pH 7.4 v1
Authors: Meister Christoph , F Jimenez-Soto Luisa
Published: December 2024

Potassium phosphate buffers, sometimes referred to as "Gomori buffers" are a combination of monobasic dihydrogen phosphate and dibasic monohydrogen phosphate in an aquaeous solution1 . It has a high buffering range, which can be shifted by adjusting the amount of either one of the phosphate salts.1 This buffer is described by Bio-Rad as component required for the Quality Control (QC) check of their AlamarBlue product ( Catalog Nr. BUF012A). For more information on how to use it, check their manual (accessed 2022).
Preparing multiplexed 18S rRNA gene amplicons (with fusion primers) for the Illumina MiSeq (Discontinued) v1
Authors: Kellogg Colleen , Carvalho rute.carvalho , Prentice Carolyn
Published: December 2024

The following protocol is for the generation of paired-end sequencing reads of 18S rRNA gene (V4 or V4V5) amplicons with dual barcodes (i.e.: “indexes”) on the Illumina MiSeq machine using v3 600 cycle chemistry. We use this protocol to make MiSeq libraries from DNA extracted from a variety of environmental samples, including seawater, freshwater, and swabs from hosts or surfaces of interest. This protocol is modified from dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.4r3l277k3g1y/v1 and makes use of 'fusion' primers or PCR primers that include not only the primer sequence, but also the Illumina adapter and Nextera index. This allows samples to be indexed for amplicon sequencing using a single PCR rather than using a two-step PCR approach described here. Many thanks to André Comeau and the Integrated Microbiome Resource at Dalhousie University for so clearly describing methods and allowing for reproducibility. The resources provided here https://github.com/LangilleLab/microbiome_helper/wiki and in their publication https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msystems.00127-16 were instrumental in developing our in-house protocols. Note: This protocol leverages combinatorial dual indexes. For other Illumina instruments (e.g. NextSeq), unique dual indexes may improve data quality and reduce index hopping. For a bit more information about the difference between unique dual indexes and combinatorial dual indexes, check out this resource. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact us!
Exploring the Awareness and Implementation of Data Journalism in Malaysian Online Newsrooms
Authors: Arumugam Sarveshwaran , Sarmiti Zaliza Nor
Published: December 2024

This article is a study about the importance and significance of data journalism in the digital media. As the era of digital advancement takes over almost all industries, it could be seen that data is proliferating in the ways many jobs work. However, study shows that industries that heavily rely upon data, such as the online newsrooms, pay insufficient attention to data journalism. This research is aimed at studying and evaluating the surfeit awareness and practice of data journalism in online newsrooms in Malaysia. This paper employed convenience sampling, selecting five editors-in-chief from different online newsrooms in Malaysia for in-depth interviews. This method was carefully selected based on the accessibility of these individuals, given their high-ranking positions in their respective news organisations. Data was analysed using thematic analysis, identifying patterns from the interview transcripts to understand how data journalism is understood and implemented. The findings of this this study show that some of these newsrooms see any story involving data as data journalism, while some perceive data journalism as more towards investigative journalism involving overhauling projects. This shows that even though these newsrooms recognize the existence of data journalism, their depth of understanding the principalities of data journalism varies. If anything, this this study would potentially be a practical guide to implement data journalism in the Malaysian online newsrooms.
Cognitive Diagnostic Assessment in Educational Testing: A Score Strategy-Based Evaluation
Authors: Mohd Noh Muhamad Firdaus , Mohd Matore Mohd Effendi , Sulaiman Nur Ainil , Azeman Mohd Tarmizi , Ishak Hamzah , Othman Nursohana , Mohd Rosli Nurbaya , Sabtu Siti Hannah
Published: December 2024

Cognitive diagnostic assessment (CDA) represents an innovative approach in educational testing, utilizing cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) to uncover specific cognitive attributes that influence students' responses to assessment items. Unlike traditional assessments, CDA offers detailed, actionable insights into individual learning processes, enabling more targeted and personalized educational interventions. However, the implementation of CDA is still underexplored compared to other psychometric theories, especially in Malaysia. Therefore, this study seeks to describe the application of CDA in Malaysia through the SCORE analysis model method. The SCORE model of CDA is evaluated across five key elements: Strengths (S), Challenges (C), Options (O), Responses (R), and Effectiveness (E) by analyzing past literature sourced from reputable databases such as Google Scholar, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. The findings indicate that CDA offers strengths like granular feedback, enhanced validity, and data-driven decisions, but faces challenges in complex implementation and resource demands. Its effectiveness hinges on efficient implementation and appropriacy, while exploring opportunities, managing risks, and considering stakeholders' responses help optimize its transformational and commercial value. The findings provide educators with a framework for utilizing CDA to enhance instructional strategies and tailor interventions to meet individual student needs. For policymakers, the implications of the strengths, challenges, and opportunities of CDA emphasize the importance of supporting its implementation through professional development, infrastructure investment, and policy alignment. Future studies are recommended to explore the long-term impacts of CDA on student achievement and educational equity, scalability across educational levels, and development of user-friendly tools to enhance accessibility for educators.
Challenges in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Projects in Malaysia
Authors: Suwardi Diana , Saad Suhana
Published: December 2024

The Public-Private Partnership (PPP) implementation approach in Malaysia aims to enhance the delivery of public sector infrastructure and services. However, the Auditor General's Report 2012 highlighted several deficiencies in PPP project management, including delays, poor quality, and inefficient resource use. This study seeks to identify the issues in the management of PPP projects in Malaysia that contribute to these ongoing problems and to propose improvements for enhancing PPP practices. Adopting a qualitative approach with an inductive single case study, the research involved semi-structured interviews with 14 participants conducted over one month in May 2024. The data were analyzed using NVivo Version 14 software through thematic analysis, which generated relevant codes, categories, themes, and domains. The findings reveal seven key strategic issues in PPP project management, such as accountability; incentives and assistance; values, norms, and prevalence; standards and procedures; good and moral governance; duties and roles; and laws and regulations. To improve PPP practices in Malaysia, it is essential for both the government and private sector key players in PPP project management to focus on enhancing capacity building and process optimization. This study provides valuable insights for future PPP project management in Malaysia and serves as a guide for strengthening PPP practices.
News Framing of the 2022 Russian-Ukrainian Conflict: A Comparative Analysis of CNN (USA) and CCTV (China) from a War and Peace Journalism Perspective
Authors: Wang Yao , Sannusi Shahrul Nazmi , Abd Kadir Shamsiah
Published: December 2024

Framing analysis is a widely employed method for examining multiple narratives in media reporting to investigate potential political orientations and possible influences on viewers. However, there has been a lack of extensive investigation into the 2022 Russian-Ukrainian Conflict, specifically regarding the analysis of Western and Eastern media coverage from a war journalism and peace journalism perspective. To fill this vacancy, this study applied the Framing theory and the peace journalism model developed by Lee & Maslog (2005) to identify multiple strategies related to the themes, sources and war/peace journalism applied by CNN for America and CCTV for China. Analysing how CNN and CCTV present the conflict from WJ/PJ perspectives helps to facilitate an understanding of how two different media systems might shape their respective audiences’ perceptions according to different ideologies. The findings revealed that CNN mainly focused on “Humanitarian Crisis and Civilian Impacts” and “Military Operations and Strategic”, whereas CCTV predominantly centred on the themes of “Military Operations and Strategic” and “Political Reactions and Stances”. Additionally, CNN’s coverage overwhelmingly relies on Ukrainian sources and international voices, while CCTV is significantly centred on Russian sources and also includes considerable Ukrainian voices. Finally, CNN and CCTV both use a war journalism frame, but CCTV’s use of a peace journalism frame is slightly higher than CNN’s. This study displays similarities and differences in portraying international conflicts to diverse viewers, offering valuable insights into how Western and Eastern media influence perceptions of worldwide conflicts.
Key Competencies among Engineering Leaders in the Malaysian Construction Industry
Authors: Maktar Alim , Khairuddin Khairun Nisa , Saraih Ummi Naiemah
Published: December 2024

In the rapidly evolving field of engineering, effective leadership is essential for the successful completion of complex projects. However, engineers often hesitate to take on leadership roles and are underrepresented in leadership positions (Jamieson & Donald, 2020). While there is a growing body of literature on engineering leadership, much of it lacks empirical rigor and tends to focus on managing engineers rather than leadership competencies (Schell et al., 2021). Moreover, research specific to engineering leadership, particularly in Malaysia, is limited. This study addresses these gaps by exploring the key competencies required for engineering leaders in Malaysia’s construction industry. Using a qualitative research design, data was collected through in-depth interviews with 17 engineering leaders. Purposive sampling was employed to select participants based on specific criteria. Constant comparative analysis revealed three primary competencies: (1) the ability to establish and work toward a set vision, (2) the ability to frame and address engineering project issues, and (3) the ability to manage resources effectively. This study contributes valuable insights into the competencies that define effective engineering leaders, offering practical implications for leadership development and engineering management practices. By cultivating these competencies, organizations can enhance leadership capabilities and improve project outcomes. The findings suggest that focusing on strategic vision, problem-solving, and resource management can help foster better leadership in engineering projects. Ultimately, this research lays the foundation for further exploration into engineering leadership, particularly in non-Western contexts, and provides a model for leadership development tailored to the engineering domain.
Derin öğrenme tabanlı yaklaşımlarla akciğer röntgen görüntüleri üzerinden COVID-19 ve bakteri kaynaklı zatürrenin otomatik teşhisi
Authors: Nasip Ömer Faruk
Published: December 2024

COVID-19 tüm dünyada yüksek ölüm oranına neden olan virüs kaynaklı bir hastalıktır. Virüsle enfekte olan hastalar kuru öksürük, nefes darlığı, ateş ve diğer semptomların yanı sıra belirgin radyografik görsel özelliklere sahiptir. Bununla birlikte benzer semptomları içeren bir başka hastalık ise zatürredir. COVID-19 ve zatürrenin doğru teşhisi, hekimlerin hastalara uygun tedavilerle müdahale etmesine yardımcı olmak için büyük önem taşımaktadır. Ters Transkripsiyon - Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (RT-PCR) testi, COVID-19 teşhisi için rutin olarak kullanılmasına rağmen maliyetli, zaman alıcı ve yanlış sonuçlara eğilimlidir. Bu nedenle teşhis için düşük maliyetli, hızlı ve başarılı sonuç veren tıbbi görüntüleme tabanlı bilgisayar destekli çalışmalar önemli bir alternatiftir. Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 hastaları, bakteri kaynaklı zatürre hastaları ve sağlıklı bireylerin akciğer röntgen görüntüleri üzerinden otomatik olarak teşhis edilmesini amaçlayan derin öğrenme tabanlı üç farklı yaklaşım önerilmiştir. İlk yaklaşımda öğrenme aktarımı, ikinci yaklaşımda öznitelik çıkarımı ve üçüncü yaklaşımda ise öznitelik seçimi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Önceden eğitilmiş evrişimli derin sinir ağları Vgg19, ResNet50 ve DenseNet201 öğrenme aktarımı ve öznitelik çıkarımı amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Öznitelik çıkarımı ve öznitelik seçimi yaklaşımında sınıflandırıcı olarak Destek Vektör Makinesi tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmada Kaggle tarafından erişime sunulan ve herkese açık üç farklı akciğer röntgen görüntüsü veri tabanından elde edilen her bir sınıfa ait 1500 adet olmak üzere toplamda 4500 adet röntgen görüntüsü kullanılmıştır. Öğrenme aktarımı yaklaşımında ResNet50 ile %99.2, öznitelik çıkarımı yaklaşımında DenseNet201 ile %98.7, öznitelik seçimi yaklaşımında ise ResNet50 ile %98.3 doğruluk elde edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra önerilen öznitelik seçimi yaklaşımı sayesinde sınıflandırma doğruluğunda belirgin bir düşüş yaşanmadan sınıflandırma hızı yaklaşık beş kat artmıştır.
YOLSUZLUĞUN KAMU BORÇLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: GELİŞMİŞ VE GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELER ÜZERİNE AMPİRİK BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Gözen Serhat , Sağdıç Ersin Nail , Yıldız Fazlı
Published: December 2024

Kamu borçlarının sürdürülebilirliği ve etkin kamu borç yönetimi hem gelişmekte olan ülkeler hem de gelişmiş ülkeler için büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu açıdan değerlendirildiğinde kamu borçları ülkeler için fırsatları ve riskleri beraberinde barındırmaktadır. Kamu borçlarını ekonomide çeşitli ekonomik faktörler doğrudan etkilemektedir. Fakat günümüzde ampirik çalışmalar yolsuzluk gibi faktörlerin de kamu borçlarını doğrudan etkilediğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yolsuzluğun kamu borçları üzerindeki etkisi panel veri yöntemiyle araştırılmıştır. Çalışma, 2000-2020 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Analiz kısmında serilerin durağanlıkları, yatay kesit bağımlılıkları belirlendikten sonra seriler arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişki panel eşbütünleşme testleri ile tespit edilmiştir. Eşbütünleşme ilişkisi Westerlund (2008) Durbin Hausman Panel Testi, uzun dönemli eşbütünleşme katsayıları ise Panel Güçlendirilmiş Ortalama Grup Etkisi (AMG) yöntemiyle tahmin edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre gelişmiş ülkelerde yolsuzluk algılama düzeyinin kamu borç yükü üzerindeki etkisinin anlamsız olduğu, tam aksine gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yolsuzluk algılama düzeyindeki %1 artışın kamu borç yükünü %0,09 düzeyinde azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında hem gelişmiş ve hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ekonomik büyüme, ticari dışa açıklık ve kamu kesimi borçlanma gereğinin kamu borç yükü üzerinde etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yolsuzluk düzeyini azaltacak politikaların yürütülmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.
Spin-up of the vortex flow of liquid metal in a thin layer placed in an alternating magnetic field
Authors:   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Banshchikov S. I. , Kolesnichenko I. V. ,   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Poluyanov A. O. ,   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khalilov R. I. ,   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The paper studies the transient nonequilibrium modes of a vortex flow in a thin liquid metal layer. The flow is caused by electromagnetic forces generated by the interaction of an alternating magnetic field and electric current induced by it. The most stable variant of the flow, in the form of two large-scale vortices, is studied. In this instance, the region where the alternating magnetic field is generated is situated in close proximity to the edge of the longer side of the rectangular liquid metal layer. Upon activation of the inductor, the flow evolves from rest to some equilibrium state. Conversely, upon deactivation, the flow diminishes. The study is conducted on a gallium eutectic alloy by means of an ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter. Two parameters determining the intensity of the force action are varied: the strength and frequency of the electric current flowing through the inductor windings. The durations of flow evolution and decay depending on the varying process parameters are evaluated. Vortex flow studies can be useful for designing MHD pumps and for stirring liquid metals.