bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decomposition of O,S-dimethyl methylphosphonothiolate by ammonia on magnesium oxide: a theoretical study of catalytic detoxification of a chemical warfare agent
Authors: Sahu Chandan , Ghosh Deepanwita , Sen Kaushik , Das Abhijit K.
Published: July 2015

A computational study of the degradation of DMPT on the nano-crystalline MgO surface by NH3.
Important issues facing model-based approaches to tunneling transport in molecular junctions
Authors: Bâldea Ioan
Published: July 2015

The generic parabolic conductance approximation may yield qualitatively incorrect results for charge transport via tunneling in molecular junctions.
Facile synthesis of SnO2 nanocrystals anchored onto graphene nanosheets as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Yanjun , Jiang Li , Wang Chunru
Published: July 2015

A SnO2/graphene nanocomposite was prepared via a facile solvothermal process using stannous octoate as a Sn source, which exhibited excellent electrochemical behavior with a high reversible capacity, a long cycle life and a good rate capability when used as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Controlling charge injection properties in polymer field-effect transistors by incorporation of solution processed molybdenum trioxide
Authors: Long Dang Xuan , Xu Yong , Wei Huai-xin , Liu Chuan , Noh Yong-Young
Published: July 2015

A simply synthesized MoO3 is used as charge injection layers for printed p-type organic field-effect transistors (OFETs).
Strong solvent dependence of linear and non-linear optical properties of donor–acceptor type pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles
Authors: Orłowski Rafał , Banasiewicz Marzena , Clermont Guillaume , Castet Frédéric , Nazir Rashid , Blanchard-Desce Mireille , Gryko Daniel T.
Published: July 2015

The pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole core was determined to be an efficient linker allowing the conjugation of peripheral benzene rings. The resulting dipolar compounds displayed strong solvatochromism of fluorescence.
Reducing zirconium(iv) phthalocyanines and the structure of a Pc4−Zr complex
Authors: Zhou Wen , Platel Rachel H. , Teixeira Tasso Thiago , Furuyama Taniyuki , Kobayashi Nagao , Leznoff Daniel B.
Published: July 2015

Reduced Zirconium(iv) phthalocyanines were prepared from a variety of reducing agents (KC8, KEt3BH or LiCp*) and a reduced Pc4−Zr(iv) species was isolated and structurally characterized; it shows partial bond localization consistent with a reduction of the Pc ring.
Ferrocenylmethylation reactions with a phosphinoferrocene betaine
Authors: Zábranský Martin , Císařová Ivana , Štěpnička Petr
Published: July 2015

Alkylation of 1′-(diphenylphosphino)-1-[(dimethylamino)methyl]ferrocene (1) with 1,3-propanesultone yields phosphinoferrocene betaine 2, which can be advantageously used as a ferrocenylmethylation agent in the synthesis of new phosphinoferrocene ligands.
Synthesis of new asymmetric substituted boron amidines – reactions with CO and transfer hydrogenations of phenylacetylene
Authors: Cabrera Alan R. , Rojas Rene S. , Valderrama Mauricio , Plüss Pascal , Berke Heinz , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Kehr Gerald , Erker Gerhard
Published: July 2015

Formation of amidine–BH(C6F5)2adducts and their thermal dehydrogenation, CO uptake to form five-membered cyclic compounds and stoichiometric transfer hydrogenation toward phenylacetylene.
Eco-friendly chemoselective N-functionalization of isatins mediated by supported KF in 2-MeTHF
Authors: Mamuye Ashenafi Damtew , Monticelli Serena , Castoldi Laura , Holzer Wolfgang , Pace Vittorio
Published: July 2015

A simple, versatile and eco-friendly approach to the functionalization of isatins.
Improved electrochemical performance of spinel LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 through MgF2 nano-coating
Authors: Wu Qing , Zhang Xiaoping , Sun Shuwei , Wan Ning , Pan Du , Bai Ying , Zhu Huiyuan , Hu Yong-Sheng , Dai Sheng
Published: July 2015

A spinel LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 (LMNO) cathode material synthesized by a sol–gel method is modified by MgF2 nano-coating via a wet coating strategy.
Acid-promoted cycloisomerizations of phenylallenes bearing acetalic functions at the ortho position: a stereocontrolled entry to indeno-fused dioxepanes, dioxocanes and thioanalogues
Authors: Marin-Luna Marta , Vidal Angel , Bautista Delia , Orenes Raul-Angel , Alajarin Mateo
Published: July 2015

Two different approaches convert ortho acetal-substituted phenylallenes into several classes of indeno-fused heterocycles.
Investigation of glycofullerene dynamics by NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Engström Olof , Muñoz Antonio , Illescas Beatriz M. , Martín Nazario , Ribeiro-Viana Renato , Rojo Javier , Widmalm Göran
Published: July 2015

Mannose residues linked to flexible spacers on slowly diffusing glycofullerenes may facilitate efficient rebinding to receptors.
Smaller, faster, better: modular synthesis of unsymmetrical ammonium salt-tagged NHC–gold(i) complexes and their application as recyclable catalysts in water
Authors: Belger Katrin , Krause Norbert
Published: July 2015

Facile access towards unsymmetrical ammonium salt-tagged NHC-gold(i) complexes is described, and their application as recyclable catalysts in cyclization reactions of acetylenic carboxylic acids and amides in aqueous media is demonstrated.
Influence of particle size and interfacial interactions on the physical and mechanical properties of particle-filled myofibrillar protein gels
Authors: Gravelle Andrew J. , Barbut Shai , Marangoni Alejandro G.
Published: July 2015

The mechanical properties of glass and wax particle-filled myofibrillar protein gels were characterized based on filler size and surface effects. Increases in elastic moduli were explained using established models describing particle-filled networks.
Cobalt aminodiphosphine complexes as catalysts in the oxidation of n-octane
Authors: Naicker Dunesha , Friedrich Holger B. , Omondi Bernard
Published: July 2015

New cobalt “PNP” aminodiphosphine complexes have been prepared and characterised. They show good catalytic activity in the oxidation of n-octane to C8 oxygenates using tert-butyl hydroperoxide as an oxidant.
Ca/Sr ratio dependent structure and up-conversion luminescence of (Ca1−xSrx)In2O4 : Yb3+/Ho3+phosphors
Authors: Guan Ming , Zheng Hong , Huang Zhaohui , Ma Bin , Molokeev Maxim S. , Huang Saifang , Mei Lefu
Published: July 2015

Crystal structure evolution and UC luminescent properties of (Ca1−xSrx)In2O4:Yb3+/Ho3+.
Single-step fabrication of large-scale patterned honeycomb structures via self-assembly of a small organic molecule
Authors: Ran Xia , Zhang Kun , Shi Lili , Chi Zhen , Qiu Weihong , Guo Lijun
Published: July 2015

A schematic diagram of honeycomb structure formation from AOB-t8.
Polypyrrole-assisted synthesis of roselike MoS2/nitrogen-containing carbon/graphene hybrids and their robust lithium storage performances
Authors: Guo Zhiyan , Zhong Yang , Xuan Zongwei , Mao Changming , Du Fanglin , Li Guicun
Published: July 2015

MoS2/NC/G hybrids exhibit a high specific capacity, and superior rate capability for lithium ion batteries.
Poly(ethylene glycol-co-1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol terephthalate) random copolymers: effect of copolymer composition and microstructure on the thermal properties and crystallization behavior
Authors: Chen Tingting , Jiang Guodong , Li Guoyu , Wu Zhipeng , Zhang Jun
Published: July 2015

The glass transition temperature of the statistically random PETG copolymers increased linearly with the increasing CT content. An increase in the average sequence length resulted in a higher melting temperature.
Self-assembly of the sodium salts of fatty acids into limpid hydrogels through non-covalent interactions with peptides
Authors: Zhou Kai , Yang Senpei , Zhao Guanghua , Ning Yong , Xu Chuanshan
Published: July 2015

Sodium salts of fatty acids (SFA) self-assemble into a limpid hydrogel in the presence of poly(α,l-lysine) with a high selectivity for the size of SFA and poly(α,l-lysine).
Investigation of structure and photocatalytic activity on TiO2 hybridized with graphene: compared to CNT case
Authors: Guo ShuaiNan , Fan JinChen , Xu QunJie , Min YuLin
Published: July 2015

The structures of TiO2 hybridized with graphene by three different method were studied and their corresponding photocatalytic activities was compared by degrading RhB under UV and visible light irradiation.
‘Aggregation induced phosphorescence’ active iridium(iii) complexes for integrated sensing and inhibition of bacterial growth in aqueous solution
Authors: Jain Navin , Alam Parvej , Laskar Inamur Rahaman , Panwar Jitendra
Published: July 2015

The present study attempts to develop a sensitive method to utilize ‘aggregation induced emission (AIE)’ active iridium(iii) complexes as potential agents for “integrated” sensing and inhibition of bacterial growth in aqueous systems.
Extending pharmacological dose-response curves for salsalate with natural deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Rozema E. , van Dam A. D. , Sips H. C. M. , Verpoorte R. , Meijer O. C. , Kooijman S. , Choi Y. H.
Published: July 2015

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) are recently developed green solvents that are attractive for their great solubilising power and intrinsic lack of toxicity.
Phosphonium ionic liquids as new compatibilizing agents of biopolymer blends composed of poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephtalate)/poly(lactic acid) (PBAT/PLA)
Authors: Lins Luanda C. , Livi Sébastien , Duchet-Rumeau Jannick , Gérard Jean-François
Published: July 2015

Effect of phosphonium ionic liquids on the morphologies of PBAT/PLA blends.
In situ template-free synthesis of a novel 3D p–n heteroarchitecture Ag3PO4/Ta3N5 photocatalyst with high activity and stability under visible radiation
Authors: Wang Wen , Fang Hua-Bin , Zheng Yan-Zhen , Che Yanke , Tao Xia , Chen Jian-Feng
Published: July 2015

This 3D heteroarchitecture Ag3PO4/Ta3N5 photocatalyst shows double visible-light response characteristics and sufficient hetero-interfaces between Ag3PO4 and Ta3N5.
Uncapped Au–Pd colloidal nanoparticles show catalytic enhancement
Authors: Li Min-Tsang , Wang Chang-Hai , Lai Sheng-Feng , Chen Yu-Han , Ong Edwin B. L. , Lin Chung-Kwei , Margaritondo G. , Hwu Y.
Published: July 2015

Au–Pd nanoparticles were produced without capping agents. The simple one-pot X-ray irradiation synthesis method yields excellent and flexibly controllable nanoparticles, and their catalytic performance is related to the Pd content.
Bio-based nickel alginate and copper alginate films with excellent flame retardancy: preparation, flammability and thermal degradation behavior
Authors: Liu Yun , Zhao Jin-Chao , Zhang Chuan-Jie , Guo Yi , Cui Li , Zhu Ping , Wang De-Yi
Published: July 2015

A bio-based nickel alginate film and copper alginate film were prepared via a facile ion exchange and casting approach. The addition of nickel ions obviously improved the flame retardancy of alginate.
Light transfer from quantum-dot-doped polymer nanowires to silver nanowires
Authors: Yang Xianguang , Bao Dinghua , Li Baojun
Published: July 2015

The plasmons of two silver nanowires are simultaneously excited by photoluminescence of the quantum-dot-doped nanowire under 532 nm laser excitation.
Multifunctional Au nanoclusters for targeted bioimaging and enhanced photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Khlebtsov Boris , Tuchina Elena , Tuchin Valery , Khlebtsov Nikolai
Published: July 2015

A novel nanocluster platform is developed to combine intense red fluorescence of Au25–BSA nanoclusters (QY ∼ 14%), biospecific binding to S. aureus due to human antistaphylococcal IgG, and photodynamic inactivation due to photosensitizer Photosens™.
Light mediated emergence of surface patterns in azopolymers at low temperatures
Authors: Teboul V. , Barillé R. , Tajalli P. , Ahmadi-Kandjani S. , Tajalli H. , Zielinska S. , Ortyl E.
Published: July 2015

Polymer thin films doped with azobenzene molecules do have the ability to organize themselves in spontaneous surface relief gratings (SRG) under irradiation using a single polarized beam. Decreasing the temperature allows us to access and study very short time scales in the patterns formation mechanism.
A general post-synthetic modification approach of amino-tagged metal–organic frameworks to access efficient catalysts for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction
Authors: Luan Yi , Qi Yue , Gao Hongyi , Andriamitantsoa Radoelizo S. , Zheng Nannan , Wang Ge
Published: July 2015

Post-synthetic modification of four common transition-metal derived MOFs gives novel MOF–RNH2catalysts which show greatly enhanced Knoevenagel condensation reactivities towards various aldehyde electrophiles.
Large-scale synthesis of Co2V2O7 hexagonal microplatelets under ambient conditions for highly reversible lithium storage
Authors: Wu Fangfang , Yu Chunhui , Liu Wenxiu , Wang Ting , Feng Jinkui , Xiong Shenglin
Published: July 2015

Co2V2O7 monodisperse hexagonal nanoplatelets (MHNPs) were obtained via a hexamethylenetetramine-assisted water bath method. The excellent electrochemical activities are due to the unique structure of MHNPs and likely synergetic effects of different metal ions.
A low-temperature benzyl alcohol/benzyl mercaptan synthesis of iron oxysulfide/iron oxide composite materials for electrodes in Li-ion batteries
Authors: Sallard S. , Castel E. , Villevieille C. , Novák P.
Published: July 2015

One-pot mixtures of magnetite Fe3O4 and greigite Fe3S4 powders were synthesized by sol–gel chemistry. Operando XRD measurements prove the conversion mechanism of the greigite reduction below 1.0 V vs. Li+/Li.
Update on anode materials for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Kang Hongyan , Liu Yongchang , Cao Kangzhe , Zhao Yan , Jiao Lifang , Wang Yijing , Yuan Huatang
Published: July 2015

This review is focused on the recent progress and strategies in the fabrication of high performance anode materials for Na-ion batteries.
Palladium nanoparticles incorporated within sulfonic acid-functionalized MIL-101(Cr) for efficient catalytic conversion of vanillin
Authors: Zhang Fumin , Jin Yan , Fu Yanghe , Zhong Yijun , Zhu Weidong , Ibrahim Amr Awad , El-Shall M. Samy
Published: July 2015

The developed Pd/SO3H-MIL-101(Cr) catalyst exhibits novel synergy in hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin at low H2 pressure under mild conditions.
Copper nanoparticles embedded in the triphenylamine functionalized bithiazole–metal complex as active photocatalysts for visible light-driven hydrogen evolution
Authors: Huo Jingpei , Zeng Heping
Published: July 2015

An extraordinary nanocomposite 3 (5.0 wt% Cu NPs) has demonstrated significant photocatalytic performance (15.38 mmol h−1 g−1) towards photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible light illumination.
Precisely tailoring ZIF-67 nanostructures from cobalt carbonate hydroxide nanowire arrays: toward high-performance battery-type electrodes
Authors: Yu Dongbo , Ge Liang , Wu Bin , Wu Liang , Wang Huanting , Xu Tongwen
Published: July 2015

A facile transformation of a cobalt carbonate hydroxide nanowire array to a ZIF-67-based nanotube array was achieved, and the ZIF-67-derived mesoporous Co3O4 nanotube array exhibited remarkable electrochemical performance as a battery-type electrode due to its unique structure.
Liposome-induced exfoliation of graphite to few-layer graphene dispersion with antibacterial activity
Authors: Zappacosta R. , Di Giulio M. , Ettorre V. , Bosco D. , Hadad C. , Siani G. , Di Bartolomeo S. , Cataldi A. , Cellini L. , Fontana A.
Published: July 2015

Liposome-induced exfoliation of graphite allowed to obtain few-layer graphene homogeneous in size and hydrophilic due to the non-covalent functionalization with phospholipids. The corresponding dispersions are stable for 48 h and demonstrate antimicrobial activity.
A laminin mimetic peptide SIKVAV-conjugated chitosan hydrogel promoting wound healing by enhancing angiogenesis, re-epithelialization and collagen deposition
Authors: Chen Shixuan , Zhang Min , Shao Xuebing , Wang Xueer , Zhang Lei , Xu Pengcheng , Zhong Wen , Zhang Lu , Xing Malcolm , Zhang Lin
Published: July 2015

Angiogenesis and re-epithelialization are critical factors in skin wound healing.
Glutamine-chitosan modified calcium phosphate nanoparticles for efficient siRNA delivery and osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Choi Bogyu , Cui Zhong-Kai , Kim Soyon , Fan Jiabing , Wu Benjamin M. , Lee Min
Published: July 2015

CaP nanoparticles coated with highly cationic, glutamine-conjugated oligochitosan (Gln-OChi) are developed for siRNA delivery to significantly enhance gene transfection and knockdown efficiency with minimal cytotoxicity. This new nanocarrier can potentially be used for gene therapy.
Effects of dynamic heterogeneity and density scaling of molecular dynamics on the relationship among thermodynamic coefficients at the glass transition
Authors: Koperwas K. , Grzybowski A. , Grzybowska K. , Wojnarowska Z. , Paluch M.
Published: July 2015

In this paper, we define and experimentally verify thermodynamic characteristics of the liquid-glass transition, taking into account a kinetic origin of the process. Using the density scaling law and the four-point measure of the dynamic heterogeneity of molecular dynamics of glass forming liquids, we investigate contributions of enthalpy, temperature, and density fluctuations to spatially heterogeneous molecular dynamics at the liquid-glass transition, finding an equation for the pressure coefficient of the glass transition temperature, dTg/dp. This equation combined with our previous formula for dTg/dp, derived solely from the density scaling criterion, implies a relationship among thermodynamic coefficients at Tg. Since this relationship and both the equations for dTg/dp are very well validated using experimental data at Tg, they are promising alternatives to the classical Prigogine-Defay ratio and both the Ehrenfest equations in case of the liquid-glass transition.
Simulations of dipolar fluids using effective many-body isotropic interactions
Authors: Sindt Julien O. , Camp Philip J.
Published: July 2015

The partition function of a system with pairwise-additive anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions is equal to that of a hypothetical system with many-body isotropic interactions [G. Stell, Phys. Rev. Lett. 32, 286 (1974)]. The effective many-body interactions contain n-body contributions of all orders. Each contribution is known as an expansion in terms of the particle-particle distances r, and the coefficients are temperature dependent. The leading-order two-body term is the familiar −r−6 attraction, and the leading-order three-body term is equivalent to the Axilrod-Teller interaction. In this work, a fluid of particles with the leading-order two-body and three-body interactions is compared to an equivalent dipolar soft-sphere fluid. Molecular simulations are used to determine the conditions under which the effective many-body interactions reproduce the fluid-phase structures of the dipolar system. The effective many-body interaction works well at moderately high temperatures but fails at low temperatures where particle chaining is expected to occur. It is shown that an adjustment of the coefficients of the two-body and three-body terms leads to a good description of the structure of the dipolar fluid even in the chaining regime, due primarily to the ground-state linear configuration of the three-body Axilrod-Teller interaction. The vapor-liquid phase diagrams of systems with different Axilrod-Teller contributions are determined. As the strength of the three-body interaction is increased, the critical temperature and density both decrease and disappear completely above a threshold strength, where chaining eventually suppresses the condensation transition.
Existence and stability of superconducting solutions for the Ginzburg-Landau equations in the presence of weak electric currents
Authors: Almog Yaniv , Berlyand Leonid , Golovaty Dmitry , Shafrir Itai
Published: July 2015

For a reduced Ginzburg-Landau model in which the magnetic field is neglected, we prove, for weak electric currents, the existence of a steady-state solution in a vicinity of the purely superconducting state. We further show that this solution is linearly stable.
The vibration-rotation-tunneling levels of N2–H2O and N2–D2O
Authors: Wang Xiao-Gang , Carrington Tucker
Published: July 2015

In this paper, we report vibration-rotation-tunneling levels of the van der Waals clusters N2–H2O and N2–D2O computed from an ab initio potential energy surface. The only dynamical approximation is that the monomers are rigid. We use a symmetry adapted Lanczos algorithm and an uncoupled product basis set. The pattern of the cluster’s levels is complicated by splittings caused by H–H exchange tunneling (larger splitting) and N–N exchange tunneling (smaller splitting). An interesting result that emerges from our calculation is that whereas in N2–H2O, the symmetric H–H tunnelling state is below the anti-symmetric H–H tunnelling state for both K = 0 and K = 1, the order is reversed in N2–D2O for K = 1. The only experimental splitting measurements are the D–D exchange tunneling splittings reported by Zhu et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 139, 214309 (2013)] for N2–D2O in the v2 = 1 region of D2O. Due to the inverted order of the split levels, they measure the sum of the K = 0 and K = 1 tunneling splittings, which is in excellent agreement with our calculated result. Other splittings we predict, in particular those of N2–H2O, may guide future experiments.
Projective flatness in the quantisation of bosons and fermions
Authors: Wu Siye
Published: July 2015

We compare the quantisation of linear systems of bosons and fermions. We recall the appearance of projectively flat connection and results on parallel transport in the quantisation of bosons. We then discuss pre-quantisation and quantisation of fermions using the calculus of fermionic variables. We define a natural connection on the bundle of Hilbert spaces and show that it is projectively flat. This identifies, up to a phase, equivalent spinor representations constructed by various polarisations. We introduce the concept of metaplectic correction for fermions and show that the bundle of corrected Hilbert spaces is naturally flat. We then show that the parallel transport in the bundle of Hilbert spaces along a geodesic is a rescaled projection provided that the geodesic lies within the complement of a cut locus. Finally, we study the bundle of Hilbert spaces when there is a symmetry.
Stability of spherical converging shock wave
Authors: Murakami M. , Sanz J. , Iwamoto Y.
Published: July 2015

Based on Guderley's self-similar solution, stability of spherical converging shock wave is studied. A rigorous linear perturbation theory is developed, in which the growth rate of perturbation is given as a function of the spherical harmonic number ℓ and the specific heats ratio γ. Numerical calculation reveals the existence of a γ-dependent cut-off mode number ℓc, such that all the eigenmode perturbations for ℓ > ℓc are smeared out as the shock wave converges at the center. The analysis is applied to partially spherical geometries to give significant implication for different ignition schemes of inertial confinement fusion. Two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations are performed to verify the theory.
Velocity addition formulas in Robertson-Walker spacetimes
Authors: Klein David , Reschke Jake
Published: July 2015

Universal velocity addition formulas analogous to the well-known formula in special relativity are found for four geometrically defined relative velocities in a large class of Robertson-Walker spacetimes. Explicit examples are given. The special relativity result is recovered as a special case, and it is shown that the spectroscopic relative velocity, in contrast to three other geometric relative velocities, follows the same addition law as in special relativity for comoving observers in Robertson-Walker cosmologies.
Unified algebraic method to non-Hermitian systems with Lie algebraic linear structure
Authors: Zhang Hong-Biao , Jiang Guang-Yuan , Wang Gang-Cheng
Published: July 2015

We suggest a generic algebraic method to solve non-Hermitian Hamiltonian systems with Lie algebraic linear structure. Such method can not only unify the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and the Hermitian Hamiltonian with the same structure but also keep self-consistent between similarity transformation and unitary transformation. To clearly reveal the correctness and physical meaning of such algebraic method, we illustrate our method with two different types of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians: the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian with Heisenberg algebraic linear structure and the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian with su(1, 1) algebraic linear structure. We obtain energy eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenstates of non-Hermitian forced harmonic oscillator with Heisenberg algebra structure via a proper similarity transformation. We also calculate the eigen-problems of general non-Hermitian Hamiltonian with su(1, 1) structure in terms of the similarity transformation. As an application, we focus on studying the non-Hermitian single-mode squeezed and coherent harmonic oscillator system and find that such similarity transformation associated with this model is in fact gauge-like transformation for simple harmonic oscillator.
Construction of photon-added spin coherent states and their statistical properties
Authors: Berrada K.
Published: July 2015

In the present work, we construct and investigate some properties of the photon-added spin coherent states (PA-SCSs). The Klauder’s minimal set of conditions required to obtain coherent states are discussed. We give the analytical form for the positive weight function in the resolution of unity. Finally, we examine the statistical properties of the PA-SCSs in terms of different parameters using the Mandel’s Q-parameter. All these quantities are expressed in terms of hypergeometric and Meijer G-functions, and so, the PA-SCSs are a new field of application for these functions.
Pre-nitridation induced In incorporation in InxGa1−xN nanorods on Si(111) grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: De Arpan , Tangi Malleswararao , Shivaprasad S. M.
Published: July 2015

We address the issue of obtaining high quality green emitting InGaN nanorods without any phase separation. Role of pre-nitridation of the Si(111) substrate and growth, temperature on the morphology, structural and optical properties of InxGa1−xN films grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy, has been studied. The nitrogen rich growth environment and surface nitridation results in the formation of vertically well-aligned single crystalline nanorods that are coalesced and isolated at 400 °C and 500 °C, respectively. In incorporation is also seen to be enhanced to ≈28% at 400 °C to yield a stable green emission, while the nanorods grown at 500 °C show blue band-edge emission. The orientation, phase separations, and optical properties characterized by Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, high resolution x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence are corroborated to understand the underlying mechanism. The study optimizes conditions to grow high quality catalyst-free well-aligned InGaN rods on nitrided Si surface, whose band-edge emission can be tuned from blue to green by sheer control of the substrate temperature.
Tunable exchange bias effect in magnetic Bi0.9Gd0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3 nanoparticles at temperatures up to 250 K
Authors: Basith M. A. , Khan F. A. , Ahmmad Bashir , Kubota Shigeru , Hirose Fumihiko , Ngo D.-T. , Tran Q.-H. , Mølhave K.
Published: July 2015

The exchange bias (EB) effect has been observed in magnetic Bi0.9Gd0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3 nanoparticles. The influence of magnetic field cooling on the exchange bias effect has also been investigated. The magnitude of the exchange bias field (HEB) increases with the cooling magnetic field, showing that the strength of the exchange bias effect is tunable by the field cooling. The HEB values are also found to be dependent on the temperature. This magnetically tunable exchange bias obtained at temperatures up to 250 K in Bi0.9Gd0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3 nanoparticles may be worthwhile for potential applications.
Characterizing the structure of topological insulator thin films
Authors: Richardella Anthony , Kandala Abhinav , Lee Joon Sue , Samarth Nitin
Published: July 2015

We describe the characterization of structural defects that occur during molecular beam epitaxy of topological insulator thin films on commonly used substrates. Twinned domains are ubiquitous but can be reduced by growth on smooth InP (111)A substrates, depending on details of the oxide desorption. Even with a low density of twins, the lattice mismatch between (Bi, Sb)2Te3 and InP can cause tilts in the film with respect to the substrate. We also briefly discuss transport in simultaneously top and back electrically gated devices using SrTiO3 and the use of capping layers to protect topological insulator films from oxidation and exposure.
Compact, battery powered, wireless digitizers for in situ data acquisitions in the sino-united spherical tokamak
Authors: Liu Yangqing , Tan Yi , Ke Rui , Yang Hao , Wang Wenhao , Gao Zhe
Published: July 2015

Potential isolation and long cable drive are very important in acquiring certain signals from tokamak diagnostics. Compact, battery powered, wireless digitizers for in situ data acquisition have been developed and routinely used in the sino-united spherical tokamak to solve the problems of isolation and long cables. The wireless digitizers utilize the integrated analog to digital converters and the static random access memory of microcontrollers but transfer data wirelessly. They consist of simple and concise circuits but have considerable performances of 12–16 bit in resolution and 500–1000 kS/s in sample rate. Wireless triggering and energy saving are two major challenges of the wireless digitizers. Wireless transceivers in the data link layer are used as trigger and can reduce the trigger jitters to be smaller than 1 μs. In order to reduce the energy consumption, the wireless digitizers are waken only when the tokamak is about to discharge. After discharges, they turn to a periodic checking mode with current consumption smaller than 200 μA. Because of low duty cycle, the wireless digitizers have a battery life of up to four weeks. In general, the wireless digitizers have better performance than normal isolation amplifiers and can greatly simplify the cable connections. They are very suitable for the data acquisition of dangerous and/or susceptible analog signals in tokamaks.
Electrochromism and small-polaron hopping in oxygen deficient and lithium intercalated amorphous tungsten oxide films
Authors: Triana C. A. , Granqvist C. G. , Niklasson G. A.
Published: July 2015

Thin films of LixWO3−z with 0≤x≤0.27 and 0≤z≤0.27 were prepared by sputter deposition followed by electrochemical lithiation. Kramers-Kronig-consistent complex dielectric functions were obtained for these films by numerical inversion of experimental spectra of optical transmittance and reflectance by using a superposition of Tauc-Lorentz and Lorentz oscillator models. Low-energy optical absorption bands were induced by oxygen vacancies and/or by electrochemical intercalation of Li+ species together with charge compensating electrons. The experimental optical conductivity was fitted to a small-polaron model for disordered systems with strong electron-phonon interaction, taking into account transitions near the Fermi level. The optical absorption is due to small-polaron hopping and associated with the formation of W5+ states due to transfer of electrons from oxygen vacancies and/or insertion of Li+ species. The results also show increases in the Fermi level, caused by oxygen deficiency or Li+ insertion, which occur along with a band gap shift towards higher energies for the Li+ intercalated films.
A mechanism for the dynamo terms to sustain closed-flux current, including helicity balance, by driving current which crosses the magnetic field
Authors: Jarboe T. R. , Nelson B. A. , Sutherland D. A.
Published: July 2015

An analysis of imposed dynamo current drive (IDCD) [T.R. Jarboe et al., Nucl. Fusion 52 083017 (2012)] reveals: (a) current drive on closed flux surfaces seems possible without relaxation, reconnection, or other flux-surface-breaking large events; (b) the scale size of the key physics may be smaller than is often computationally resolved; (c) helicity can be sustained across closed flux; and (d) IDCD current drive is parallel to the current which crosses the magnetic field to produce the current driving force. In addition to agreeing with spheromak data, IDCD agrees with selected tokamak data.
Decoherence and energy relaxation in the quantum-classical dynamics for charge transport in organic semiconducting crystals: An instantaneous decoherence correction approach
Authors: Si Wei , Wu Chang-Qin
Published: July 2015

We explore an instantaneous decoherence correction (IDC) approach for the decoherence and energy relaxation in the quantum-classical dynamics of charge transport in organic semiconducting crystals. These effects, originating from environmental fluctuations, are essential ingredients of the carrier dynamics. The IDC is carried out by measurement-like operations in the adiabatic representation. While decoherence is inherent in the IDC, energy relaxation is taken into account by considering the detailed balance through the introduction of energy-dependent reweighing factors, which could be either Boltzmann (IDC-BM) or Miller-Abrahams (IDC-MA) type. For a non-diagonal electron-phonon coupling model, it is shown that IDC tends to enhance diffusion while energy relaxation weakens this enhancement. As expected, both the IDC-BM and IDC-MA achieve a near-equilibrium distribution at finite temperatures in the diffusion process, while in the Ehrenfest dynamics the electronic system tends to infinite temperature limit. The resulting energy relaxation times with the two kinds of factors lie in different regimes and exhibit different dependences on temperature, decoherence time, and electron-phonon coupling strength, due to different dominant relaxation processes.
Gravure printing of hybrid MoS2@S-rGO interdigitated electrodes for flexible microsupercapacitors
Authors: Xiao Yuxiu , Huang Lei , Zhang Qi , Xu Shuhua , Chen Qi , Shi Wangzhou
Published: July 2015

In this letter, we demonstrated gravure printing of hybrid MoS2@S-rGO consisting of sulfonated reduced graphene oxide (S-rGO) and MoS2 nanoflowers to obtain a highly porous pattern of interdigitated electrodes, leading to a microsupercapacitor on a flexible polyimide substrate. The in-plane interdigital design of the printed microelectrodes is effective in increasing accessibility of electrolyte ions into the large active surface area. The optimized MoS2@S-rGO microsupercapacitor achieved a high specific capacitance (6.56 mF/cm2), energy density (0.58 mWh/cm3), and power density (13.4 mW/cm3), respectively. In addition, the printed microsupercapacitor lost only 9% of the maximum capacity after 1000 cycles, indicating that the printed hybrid MoS2@S-rGO microsupercapacitors are quite stable for potential flexible device applications.
Control over magnetic spectrum of multilayer magnetic film metamaterial
Authors: Iakubov I. T. , Lagarkov A. N. , Rozanov K. N. , Starostenko S. N. , Zezyulina P. A.
Published: July 2015

A RLC electric circuit with magnetic core is studied experimentally and theoretically as a promising design of a metamaterial cell. Laminates made of multilayered ferromagnetic films are used as the magnetic core. The wire coiled around the core allows the frequency dependence of permeability to be adjusted according to needs of a particular task by creating a region of intensive magnetic loss below the ferromagnetic resonance frequency of the bare core. The theoretic analysis is based on the quasi-statics of magnetic fields and electric currents. The intensity of the loss peak is proportional to the value of μ′2/μ″, where μ′ and μ″ are the frequency-dependent components of permeability of the core material. The magnetic spectra of cells with cores made of laminates of NiFe films and FeCo films have been measured. It is shown that the application of the winding allows the magnetic loss peak to be shifted from 1 GHz to 0.3 GHz for NiFe and from 5 GHz to 0.7 GHz for FeCo. The effective imaginary permeability at the resonant frequency increases by the factors of 5 and 6, correspondingly. The theory agrees well with the measured data.
Rectification and tunneling effects enabled by Al2O3 atomic layer deposited on back contact of CdTe solar cells
Authors: Liang Jun , Lin Qinxian , Li Hao , Su Yantao , Yang Xiaoyang , Wu Zhongzhen , Zheng Jiaxin , Wang Xinwei , Lin Yuan , Pan Feng
Published: July 2015

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is employed to optimize the back contact of thin film CdTe solar cells. Al2O3 layers with a thickness of 0.5 nm to 5 nm are tested, and an improved efficiency, up to 12.1%, is found with the 1 nm Al2O3 deposition, compared with the efficiency of 10.7% without Al2O3 modification. The performance improvement stems from the surface modification that optimizes the rectification and tunneling of back contact. The current-voltage analysis indicates that the back contact with 1 nm Al2O3 maintains large tunneling leakage current and improves the filled factor of CdTe cells through the rectification effect. XPS and capacitance-voltage electrical measurement analysis show that the ALD-Al2O3 modification layer features a desired low-density of interface state of 8 × 1010 cm−2 by estimation.
Phosphatidylcholine with cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Isomers: Synthesis and Cytotoxic Studies
Authors: Niezgoda Natalia , Gliszczyńska Anna , Gładkowski Witold , Kempińska Katarzyna , Wietrzyk Joanna , Wawrzeńczyk Czesław
Published: July 2015

Novel phosphatidylcholines and lysophosphatidylcholines with cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) were synthesized in high yields (75–99 %). The in vitro cytotoxic activities of these compounds against three human cancer cell lines (HL-60, MCF-7, and HT-29) were evaluated. The results revealed that there are differences in the activity between phosphatidylcholine with cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 CLA acyl groups. 1,2-Di(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine was the most potent cytotoxic agent among all tested CLA derivatives and its IC50 (concentration of a compound that inhibits the proliferation of 50 % of the cancer cell population) was 29.4 µM against HL-60. Moreover, phosphatidylcholines with CLA acyls exhibited much lower cytotoxicity against non-cancer cells (Balb/3T3) than free CLA isomers.
Inhibition of MCU forces extramitochondrial adaptations governing physiological and pathological stress responses in heart
Authors: Rasmussen Tyler P. , Wu Yuejin , Joiner Mei-ling A. , Koval Olha M. , Wilson Nicholas R. , Luczak Elizabeth D. , Wang Qinchuan , Chen Biyi , Gao Zhan , Zhu Zhiyong , Wagner Brett A. , Soto Jamie , McCormick Michael L. , Kutschke William , Weiss Robert M. , Yu Liping , Boudreau Ryan L. , Abel E. Dale , Zhan Fenghuang , Spitz Douglas R. , Buettner Garry R. , Song Long-Sheng , Zingman Leonid V. , Anderson Mark E.
Published: July 2015

Significance

Mitochondrial Ca
2+
is a fundamental signal that allows for adaptation to physiological stress but a liability during ischemia-reperfusion injury in heart. On one hand, mitochondrial Ca
2+
entry coordinates energy supply and demand in myocardium by increasing the activity of matrix dehydrogenases to augment ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation. On the other hand, inhibiting mitochondrial Ca
2+
overload is promulgated as a therapeutic approach to preserve myocardial tissue following ischemia-reperfusion injury. We developed a new mouse model of myocardial-targeted transgenic dominant-negative mitochondrial Ca
2+
uniporter (MCU) expression to test consequences of chronic loss of MCU-mediated Ca
2+
entry in heart. Here we show that MCU inhibition has unanticipated consequences on extramitochondrial pathways affecting oxygen utilization, cytoplasmic Ca
2+
homeostasis, physiologic responses to stress, and pathologic responses to ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Vascular disease-causing mutation R258C in
ACTA2
disrupts actin dynamics and interaction with myosin
Authors: Lu Hailong , Fagnant Patricia M. , Bookwalter Carol S. , Joel Peteranne , Trybus Kathleen M.
Published: July 2015

Significance

Point mutations in vascular smooth muscle α-actin are the most prevalent cause of familial thoracic aortic aneurysms leading to acute dissections, yet the molecular mechanism by which these mutations affect actin function is unknown. An underlying cause of the disease is thought to be contractile dysfunction, which initiates adaptive pathways to repair the defects in the smooth muscle cells. Here, we investigate the effects of the R258C mutation, a prevalent mutation in humans with a poor prognosis. The mutant actin shows multiple defects, including impaired interaction with myosin, formation of less stable filaments, and enhanced levels of monomer. These defects are likely to decrease cellular force production and initiate aberrant mechanosensing pathways that culminate in the disease.
War, violence, and the military during late socialism and transition. Five case studies on the USSR, Russia, and Yugoslavia
Authors: Behrends Jan Claas
Published: July 2015

The text introduces five case studies on war and the military in the USSR and Yugoslavia in historical perspective. It argues that the armed forces were at the core of socialist statehood and that their role and their change in late socialism and post-Communism are thus far understudied. Discussing the similarities as well as the differences between the Soviet, the Russian, and the Yugoslav case, the introduction seeks new explanations for war and military violence in these countries. Rather than pointing exclusively to ethnic mobilization and nationalism, it views the transformation and collapse of the Communist party-state and its army as a precondition for violence and civil war. It places these cases using innovative methodological approaches to the research on physical violence, war, and military. These studies explore the experience and the representation of violence, army service, combat, and war in late socialism and scrutinize individual actors and their behavior within violent spaces. In retrospect the emerging wars in the post-Soviet space – from Chechnya to the Donbas – and in Yugoslavia are at least as crucial for the region as Gorbachev's reforms. They help to better understand the conflicts of the present.
The October 1905 pogroms and the Russian authorities
Authors: Khiterer Victoria
Published: July 2015

This article analyzes the October 1905 pogroms in the Russian Empire. It explores the reasons for the pogroms, the perpetrators, the victims, and the consequences for the Jewish population. The article shows the differences and peculiarities of the pogroms, which occurred in the cities and shtetls, rural areas, on the railroads, and in the ports. The article also explores the attitude and involvement of the higher and local authorities, police, and troops in the pogroms. Historians continue to debate whether these pogroms occurred spontaneously or were organized by the Tsarist authorities. This article provides considerable evidence that the October 1905 pogroms were not a spontaneous reaction of conservatives to the revolutionary events, but rather was the policy of the Russian government directed toward the suppression of the revolutionary movement.
Statement on Pregnancy in Pulmonary Hypertension from the Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute
Authors: Hemnes Anna R. , Kiely David G. , Cockrill Barbara A. , Safdar Zeenat , Wilson Victoria J. , Hazmi Manal Al , Preston Ioana R. , MacLean Mandy R. , Lahm Tim
Published: July 2015

Pregnancy outcomes in patients with pulmonary hypertension remain poor despite advanced therapies. Although consensus guidelines recommend against pregnancy in pulmonary hypertension, it may nonetheless occasionally occur. This guideline document sought to discuss the state of knowledge of pregnancy effects on pulmonary vascular disease and to define usual practice in avoidance of pregnancy and pregnancy management. This guideline is based on systematic review of peer‐reviewed, published literature identified with MEDLINE. The strength of the literature was graded, and when it was inadequate to support high‐level recommendations, consensus‐based recommendations were formed according to prespecified criteria. There was no literature that met standards for high‐level recommendations for pregnancy management in pulmonary hypertension. We drafted 38 consensus‐based recommendations on pregnancy avoidance and management. Further, we identified the current state of knowledge on the effects of sex hormones during pregnancy on the pulmonary vasculature and right heart and suggested areas for future study. There is currently limited evidence‐based knowledge about both the basic molecular effects of sex hormones and pregnancy on the pulmonary vasculature and the best practices in contraception and pregnancy management in pulmonary hypertension. We have drafted 38 consensus‐based recommendations to guide clinicians in these challenging topics, but further research is needed in this area to define best practices and improve patient outcomes.
LayerCake: a tool for the visual comparison of viral deep sequencing data
Authors: Correll Michael , Bailey Adam L. , Sarikaya Alper , O’Connor David H. , Gleicher Michael
Published: July 2015

Motivation: The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has created unprecedented opportunities to examine viral populations within individual hosts, among infected individuals and over time. Comparing sequence variability across viral genomes allows for the construction of complex population structures, the analysis of which can yield powerful biological insights. However, the simultaneous display of sequence variation, coverage depth and quality scores across thousands of bases presents a unique visualization challenge that has not been fully met by current NGS analysis tools.

Results: Here, we present LayerCake, a self-contained visualization tool that allows for the rapid analysis of variation in viral NGS data. LayerCake enables the user to simultaneously visualize variations in multiple viral populations across entire genomes within a highly customizable framework, drawing attention to pertinent and interesting patterns of variation. We have successfully deployed LayerCake to assist with a variety of different genomics datasets.

Availability and implementation: Program downloads and detailed instructions are available at http://graphics.cs.wisc.edu/WP/layercake under a modified MIT license. LayerCake is a cross-platform tool written in the Processing framework for Java.

Contact:  mcorrell@cs.wisc.edu