bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversidad fenotípica de papas nativas en las comunidades indígenas de la etnia de los Pastos (Nariño, Colombia): Agricultura ecológica para la seguridad alimentaria y el desarrollo rural
Authors: Rosero Alpala María Gladis , Tapie William Armando , Rosero Alpala Deisy Alexandra
Published: December 2020

En este trabajo se describe el modo de conservación in situ del sistema de producción y la diversidad fenotípica de papas nativas en los resguardos indígenas de la etnia de los Pastos. En el estudio se utilizaron dos metodologías: 1) una caracterización de los sistemas tradicionales de producción mediante investigación acción participativa en los resguardos indígenas de Males Córdoba y El Gran Cumbal y 2) una caracterización morfológica de las papas nativas mediante 26 descriptores cualitativos. Se encontró que el 16% de las familias cultivan al menos una variedad de papa nativa, distribuidas en zonas de subpáramo y páramos entre 2900 y 3500 m de altitud, en un agroecosistema de producción autóctono llamado “Shagra”, con manejo tradicional de labranza mínima del suelo “Guachado” y áreas cultivadas inferiores a 600 m2. Se identificaron 38 variedades clasificadas en dos tipos, según los indígenas: chauchas y guatas, que representaron el 65 y el 35% respectivamente. Con el análisis de conglomerados se identificaron siete grupos discriminados por chauchas, guatas, lugar de procedencia y características morfológicas. Estas comunidades indígenas preservan el conocimiento ancestral y los recursos genéticos, cultivando una alta diversidad de papas nativas en asociación con cultivos andinos, lo que contribuye a la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria.
Tabanidae (Diptera) of Peru: checklist update and description of three new species
Authors: Henriques Augusto Loureiro , Krolow Tiago Kütter
Published: December 2020

We provide an update to the list of the species of Tabanidae known from Peru, along with descriptions of three new species: Diachlorus tenuimaculatus n. sp., Stenotabanus (Stenotabanus) carrascoi n. sp. and Stenotabanus (Stenotabanus) chaineyi n. sp., bringing to 233 the species of Tabanidae now known from Peru.

________________________________________________________________Publicación registrada en Zoobank/ZooBank article registered:LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:405FCB11-B80B-459A-B7EB-F3E3F7584070Acto nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Diachlorus tenuimaculatus Henriques & Krolow, 2020LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3AC891B-5D06-4299-987B-A8E64F7BED8EActo nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Stenotabanus carrascoi Henriques & Krolow, 2020LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2E008A63-C2B1-4187-AD36-AE183C360E34Acto nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Stenotabanus chaineyi Henriques & Krolow, 2020LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CCCE2364-1971-4E1F-8E89-E1B120A95BFF________________________________________________________________
Confirmación de Argas neghmei (Ixodida: Argasidae) en Perú y reporte del carpintero andino (Colaptes rupicola) como nuevo hospedero
Authors: Gomez-Puerta Luis A. , Muñoz-Leal Sebastián , Labruna Marcelo B. , Venzal José M.
Published: December 2020

Este informe describe el hallazgo de garrapatas blandas (Ixodida, Argasidae) parasitando a dos carpinteros andinos (Colaptes rupicola) provenientes del distrito de Nuñoa, provincia de Melgar en Puno, Perú (14°31’11.77"S; 70°32’15.95"W; 3967 m de altitud). Un total de 29 larvas de garrapatas fueron colectadas directamente de las aves y posteriormente identificadas morfológicamente como Argas neghmei. El diagnóstico fue basado en la morfología de las larvas y confirmado mediante el análisis molecular del gen 16S ARNr mitocondrial de la garrapata. Un fragmento de 363 pares de bases de este gen mostró una identidad del 100% con secuencias registradas para A. neghmei de Argentina y Chile (GenBank: FJ853598 y DQ295781). Este hallazgo confirma la presencia de A. neghmei en Perú y agrega al carpintero andino como nuevo hospedero para esta garrapata.
From Medicus Philosophus to Medicus Religiosus, Or Why Wasn’t Medical Education Installed at the Vilnius Jesuit Academy
Authors: Pociūtė Dainora
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the absence of medical studies at the Vilnius Jesuit Academy. The question in the historiography is linked rather with the local peculiarities than the Jesuit attitude toward medicine in particular. Some attempts to establish medical studies in Vilnius during the 16th and 17th centuries are discussed in the context of Early-modern Jesuit universities that forbade Jesuits to involve themselves in academic medicine. The exclusion of medicine from Jesuit schools is analyzed as an intentional dissociation from the rise of the learned medicine and early modern philosophical tendencies of the medicalization of the soul. Jesuits also introduced the pattern of medicus religiosus instead of medicus philosophus, which represented their image of medical practitioner.
ПОЭТИКА ДВОЙНИЧЕСТВА В ТЕТРАЛОГИИ Ф. АБРАМОВА «БРАТЬЯ И СЕСТРЫ»
Authors: Kovtun Nataliya
Published: December 2020

The work is devoted to the poetics of duality in F. Abramov’s tetralogy Brothers and Sisters. The analysis of the duality models allows to imagine historical, social, political reality, the minimal structure of the human community: one and the other. At the center of the study are the key characters of the tetralogy, namely, Mikhail Pryaslin and Yegorshi Stavrov, who embody the eschatological Russian model of duality. The analysis of these characters is carried out against the background of the character structure as a whole. Within a Christian context, the Mikhail — Yegorsha twin pair is included in a broad semantic field. Yegorsha compares his sworn brother with Christ. According to the legend, the latter’s twin was apostle Thomas, whose name coincidentally means ‘a twin.’ If Mikhail is firmly associated with Christ, then Egorsha can be semantically identified with both Judas and Thomas (in all connotations). The destruction of the “country model,” the Russian schism also actualizes another version of duality: George the Victory-bearer and Yegoriy the troublebearer, which is already reflected at the level of character naming. The struggle of the “twin” heroes over a woman, ancestral land and the house, which is interpreted as a confrontation between Christ and the Antichrist, St. George and the “bad Yegorka” (changeling), is also implemented as the “Russian” version — Foma and Erema, in which the doubles lose to the circumstances. Peasant Russia is in captivity of civilization, and no one is able to protect it: the warriors die, the saints abandon the icons. This leads to the general sense of anxiety, of a life “between homes,” when the “prodigal son,” who has nowhere to go back to, becomes the modern hero.
ПЕРЕВОД КАК ДИАЛОГ ТРАДИЦИЙ И КУЛЬТУР («АНАКРЕОНТИЧЕСКАЯ ПЕСЕНКА» Н. С. ГУМИЛЕВА)
Authors: Ustinovskaya Alena
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Anacreontic Song by Théophile Gautier, translated by N. S. Gumilev, which is examined against the background of the Russian and global Anacreontic tradition. Imitation of Anacreon is rooted in antiquity: his figure became a symbol of light lyric poetry that glorified sensual pleasures. Anacreon’s own legacy is not as extensive as pseudo-Anacreontic poetry: this tradition is present in English, French, German, Italian and Russian literature. In the process of translating Odelette anacréontique by Théophile Gautier, Gumilev enters into intercultural and inter-traditional communication: his translation is a dialogue with both the French poet and the Anacreontic and pseudo-Anacreontic genre tradition. Despite the statements N. S. Gumilev proposed in his theoretical works on translation issues, which stated that it is necessary to rely on the original text during translation, and that deviations and loose retellings are unacceptable, in some cases he still departs from the original text, deliberately building the subtext of the poem that is absent in the original. Gumilev’s translation makes Gautier’s poem “more Anacreontic” than the original: Gumilev intensifies the motives of love, pleasure, sensual pleasure that are significant for pseudo-Anacreontics, introduces the image of wine as a symbol of love that was absent in the original. Gumilev’s translation solutions considered in the article represent a kind of editing of Gautier’s text that approximated it to the complex of motives traditionally associated with the work of Anacreon.
Activities of the Consulate of Greece in Kyiv and the Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission of the Ukrainian People's Republic in Greece in 1917-1920: a Role in the Establishment of Ukrainian-Greek Relations
Authors:   Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Matiash Iryna
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is to clarify the main activities of the Greek Consulate in Kyiv in 1917 - 1918 and the UPR Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission in Greece in 1919 - 1920 through the prism of activity of Ukrainian and Greek diplomats (Pericles Hripari, Fedir Matushevskyi, Modest Levytskyi) and determining the peculiarities of the establishment of Ukrainian-Greek relations in 1917-1920. The research methodology is based on the principles of scientificity, historicism, and systematicity. General and special scientific methods are used, in particular archival heuristics, historiographical analysis, external and internal criticism of the sources. The scientific novelty of the results of the study is the reconstruction on the basis of the archival information, found by the author in published and unpublished sources, of activities of the Greek Consulate in Kyiv, the Ukrainian diplomatic mission in Athens and clarification of the participants in the Ukrainian-Greek relations in 1917 - 1920, functions and tasks of diplomatic and consular representatives. Conclusions. The mutual diplomatic and consular presence of Ukraine and Greece in 1917-1920 was due to different reasons. The Greek Consulate in Kyiv was established as a Greek consulate in the Russian Empire and continued to perform its functions primarily in the field of guardianship of Greek citizens after the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic. Greek Consul Pericles Hripari acted as the doyen of the consular corps and managed to ensure active cooperation with the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry. At the time of the Central Council, it developed within the norms of international law. During the Hetmanate, at the insistence of the German administration, P. Hripari, as a representative and ally of Entente, was expelled from Kyiv. The Ukrainian diplomatic mission as an Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission was sent to Greece after the victory of the Directory and the restoration of the UPR in order to achieve recognition of its independence by as many states and spread information about the struggle of Ukrainians against the Bolsheviks for independent existence. The Mission was headed successively by F. Matushevskyi and M. Levytskyi. Greece's position on recognizing the independence of the UPR depended on the position of the Entente states. Despite the lack of official recognition of the mission, information about Ukraine, its people and its struggle for independence was communicated to Greek society and government agencies through a special memorandum, local newspapers and a thematic bulletin
Emigration of Jews from Odessa to Argentina in the Late 19th - Early 20th century
Authors:   TV &Radio Company “Grad”, Bilousova Liliia
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the history of emigration of Jews from the south of Ukraine to Argentina in the late 19th - early 20th century and the role of Odessa in the organizational, economic and educational support of the resettlement process. An analysis of the transformation of the idea of ​​the Argentine project from the beginning of compact settlements to the possibility of creating a Jewish state in Patagonia is given. There are provided such aspects as reasons, preconditions and motives of emigration, its stages and results, the exceptional contribution of the businessman and philanthropist Maurice de Hirsch to the foundation of Jewish settlements in Argentina. There are reflected a legislative aspect, in particular, the first attempt of Russian government to regulate migration abroad with the Regulations for activity in Russia of the Jewish Colonization Association founded in Great Britain; various forms and directions of the work of Odessa JCA committee; the activities of the Argentine Vice-Consulate (1906-1909) and the Consul General of Argentina in Odessa (1909-1917). There are also presented some valuable archival genealogical documents from the State Archives of the Odessa Region, namely the lists of immigrants on the steamer "Bosfor" in April 30, 1894. The article highlights the conditions in which the emigrants started their activities in Argentina in 1888, establishment of the first Jewish colony of Moisesville, the difficulties in economic arrangement and social adaptation, and the process of settlement development from the first unsuccessful attempts to cultivate virgin lands to the numerous farms and ranches with effective economic activities. An interesting social phenomenon of interethnic diffusion of indigenous and jewish cultures and the formation of a unique "Gaucho Jews" group of population is covered. It is provided information on the current state of Jewish settlements in Argentina and fixing their history in literature, music, cinema, documentary. It is emphasized that using historical research and direct contacts with the descendants of emigrants to Argentina could be very useful and actual for increasing the efficiency and development of Ukrainian-Argentine economic and cultural ties
Attempts to Establish Polish-Ukrainian Dialogue Between the First and Second World Wars: Hopes and Realities
Authors:   Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vialova Iuliia
Published: December 2020

The article presents and rethinks the attempts to establish a Polish-Ukrainian dialogue in The Second Polish Republic between the First and Second World Wars. The strategic partnership between Poland and Ukraine has been maintained for the last thirty years. The state of this bilateral relations remains one of the determining factors of regional stability, especially in the context of deterring external threats. The long and contradictory history of Polish-Ukrainian relations is not only the subject of emotional scientific discussions, but also plays the role of a factor that contributes to the growth of ideological and political confrontation, while influencing the current policy of both countries. Interethnic relations in The Second Polish Republic continue to be interpreted differently by Polish and Ukrainian historians. In view of this, the search for and rethinking the facts of attempts to establish a Polish-Ukrainian dialogue between the First and Second World Wars is becoming especially relevant today. It is concluded that during the years of domination in Western Ukraine, the Polish authorities have failed to develop a comprehensive program to resolve the “Ukrainian question”, instead trying to break the resistance of Ukrainian by force. In general, the entire national policy of the Polish state of the interwar period was characterized by uncertainty, half-hearted decisions and unjust and cruel discriminatory measures against Ukrainians. On the Ukrainian side, the constructive dialogue was also complicated by the propaganda of radical forces, which proclaimed that there was no need to seek a compromise with the Poles, and characterized any attempts at understanding as national treason. National extremism on both sides led to further aggravation of relations, which erupted, in particular, the Volyn tragedy of 1943. As a result, it led to the radicalization of the Ukrainian national movement, the weakening of the Polish state, and subsequently cost both nations numerous casualties as a result of the violent suppression of the national development of Ukrainians and Poles that lasted for decades. At the same time, there are many examples of Polish-Ukrainian cooperation of intellectual elites of the interwar period, which not only observed and stated, but also took practical steps in this direction
Ukrainian Theme in the Documents of Czech Civic Initiatives During the Second Half of the 1980s.
Authors:   Rivne State Humanitarian University, Postolovskyj Ruslan , Slesarenko Andrij
Published: December 2020

The authors analyzed the presence and content of Ukrainian theme in the documents of Czech civic initiatives during the second half of the 1980s. The development of citizens initiatives has become a catalyst of socio-political life in Czechoslovakia. The number of participants in civic initiatives increased, and their programs were politicized. In program statements the principle of the so-called leading role of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia was rejected as inconsistent with the principle of equality of citizens and the code of civil and political rights. The source base of this research comprised documents and materials of human rights activists, first presented in the self-published (samizdat) bulletins of independent Czech civic initiatives: “Information on Charter 77” (“Informace o Chartĕ 77”), “The Case of the East European News Agency” (“Zprava vychodoevropske informačni agentury”) and “Bulletin of Independent Peace Commonwealth – Initiative for demilitarization of society” (“Bulletin nezavisleho miroveho sdruženi – Iniciativy za demilitarizaci společnosti”). It has been shown that the Ukrainian theme is presented in two documents of the human rights association of Charter 77: the document “Before the Chernobyl Accident” (May 6, 1986) and the telegram of Czechoslovak human rights activists to Lviv, addressed to the group “Dovira” (“Trust”) (April 22, 1989). Czech “Independent Peace Commonwealth – Initiative for demilitarization of society” and Ukrainian, Lviv, “Dovira” Group, exchanged a letter and a telegram of solidarity. The informational reasons for creating the documents were the Chernobyl disaster – man-made accident on a global scale and the brutal dispersal of a peaceful demonstration in Lviv. Documents of Czech human rights activists and pacifist activists focus public attention on late Soviet realities: concealment of information from society about radioactive contamination and another human rights violation in Soviet Ukraine
“Soft Power” as a Political Instrument of the European Union (1990s – 2020s)
Authors:   Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Martynov Andriy
Published: December 2020

"Soft power" is the ability to change someone else's values, ideas, interests. Successful use of soft power leads to a change in attitudes and behavior. "Soft power" can be seen as managing the mass consciousness by indirect means that do not encounter conscious resistance. "Soft power" resources belong to civil society networks. Following the British referendum on June 23, 2016, the EU's global power of influence diminished. Traditionally, the European Union is seen as a stable center of material wealth, high social status, social optimism and justice, spiritual and physical comfort. However, as a rule, they forget about the fact that there is no permanent dependence between subjective well-being and changes in economic conditions of life. Until now, European optimists are pushing European integration as the only effective answer to the challenges of globalization, while European pessimists have said that federal Europe would be too centralized, inflexible and wasteful. The European Union is not so much a generator of European peace, as its result. The EU has emerged as a unique conglomerate of democratic states. This is not a federation or collective bargaining agreement, and it is not a classic nation-state, and most importantly not an empire with a metropolis at its center. It is an experimental form of peace-based integration as a norm. Instead, the empire is usually a centralized militarized state, the possession of which is a conglomerate of national territories of subjugated peoples. The EU is a social institution that implements collective action based on democratic approval and consent to their adoption. Despite governance weaknesses, the EU remains an important layer of capital regulation in the face of three global crises: the financial, environmental and security crises
The Role of the Russian Factor in the Attitude of Benelux Countries Towards Ukraine (2014-2019)
Authors:   Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Soloviova Aliesia
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the role of the Russian factor in the attitude of Benelux countries towards Ukraine from 2014 to 2019. The author proceeds from the fact that one of the factors in a state's choice of a certain strategy in the international arena is often the size of the state. The study of the place and role of “small” states has become a separate field of study in the history of international relations since the publication of the work of the American researcher Annette Baker. Proponents of this theory share the opinion that the size of a state's territory significantly affects its political strategy. The author notes that there is no single definition of a “small” state, since the characteristics by which the state as such is defined are constantly changing. In general, the signs of a “small” state are small population, size of territory, low level of activity in the international arena. The author of the article concludes that the foreign policy strategies of all three Benelux countries can be called pragmatic. In the author's opinion, this approach is explained, first of all, by close cooperation in the field of economics and disadvantage of completely breaking off relations with Russia. The Benelux countries are small states compared to their European neighbors; their main strength is economic stability. It was found that for the Benelux countries, active intervention in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine means a threat to economic ties. The Benelux countries generally support the EU's sanctions policy, but insist on dialogue, considering sanctions a fewer effective means of achieving goals. The Netherlands occupies the most active position among the Benelux countries in the conflict, however, this position is mainly caused by internal concerns and the ongoing investigation of the Boeing MH17 crash
Socio-Political and Socio-Cultural Activities of the Union of Rusyns-Ukrainians in the Slovak Republic (1989-1993)
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Almashiy Volodymyr
Published: December 2020

The given article, based on archival documents, provides the analysis of socio-political, socio-cultural, and educational activities of the Union of Rusyns-Ukrainians in the Slovak Republic, the updated name of which was adopted at the extraordinary Congress of the Cultural Union of Ukrainian workers of Czechoslovakia in January 20, 1990 in Prešov. The Cultural Union of Ukrainian Workers of Czechoslovakia of cultural orientation (founded in 1951), which was the predecessor of the new organization, is mentioned. According to the decision of the Congress, the reformed organization focused on strengthening the friendship and cooperation with the Slovak people, other nationalities in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, etc. It is noted that the return to the old name was seen by the Rusyn-Ukrainians of Eastern Slovakia as one of the means of identity struggle against the accelerated slovakization in the context of aggravation of interethnic relations in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in the late 1980s and 1990s. The analysis of the adopted documents in which the Congress stated its intentions and requirements is given including: Program Proclamation of the Congress, the Memorandum of Rusyns-Ukrainians of Czechoslovakia to the Federal Assembly of Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, Slovak National Council and the SSR Government, the Statute of the Council of Rusyns-Ukrainians of Czechoslovakia, “Organization’s Work Plan for the Near Future”, which expressed the need to give priority to working with young people in and out of schools. The catastrophic decrease in the number of schools with the Ukrainian language of instruction is stated. The paper also notes the numerical grow and revitalization of other Ukrainian national associations and institutions in Slovakia willing to work in the field of cultural and national life of Rusyns-Ukrainians (Oleksander Dukhnovych Society, Rukh, “OBRUCH” Organization, Association of Ukrainians in the Czech Republic, Carpathians Youth Union, etc.)
Human Being in History vs History in Human Being – Part 2: Recipe of Unity of History and Life from Benedetto Croce
Authors:   Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gorenko Oleg
Published: December 2020

This article continues the author’s study initiated in the previous number of a given collection. It also regards the specific problem of interconnection between history and psychology. However, in this sequel the main accent is on the style of thinking and value criteria of Benedetto Croce, who is an outstanding European theoretician and methodologist in the sphere of History, original philosopher, authoritative connoisseur of Culture and Arts, an unswerving supporter of high ideals of Italian Risorgimento. The concept of absolute historicity, grounded by the scholar on the basis of deep philosophic probation into mechanisms of historic thinking, had a significant impact both on further development of historic theory and on the formation of new understanding of a role of historic experience for social practice of a full-fledged democracy. Croce’s works help to comprehend the paradoxy of a phenomenon of historic consciousness, which is always modern by its nature. It remains modern irrespective of whatever temporal layers it resurrects at each particular moment of human life. Historic consciousness is an important component of psychologic reality of any human being and that is why it requires a subtle feeling of profound homogeneity. It’s important not to forget that historic consciousness preserves a considerable potentiality of an actual impact on human behaviour in particular and on communicative processes within the frames of society in general. It proves the fact that history is always with the human being and within him. That is why historic policy on the stage of democratic transformation should be especially grounded and should be characterized by a high level of psychologic culture
Ukraine is a Part of the European Civilizational Space (Review of the Monograph: Ukraine in the History of Europe: Historic Overviews. Ed. by S. Vidnyanskyj. Kyiv: Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2020. 814 p.).
Authors:   Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University, Borovets Ivan , Kopylov Serhii ,   Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University
Published: December 2020

The review analizes the monograph: Ukraine in the History of Europe: Historic Overviews. Ed. by S. Vidnyanskyj. Kyiv: Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2020. 814 p.
A New Work of the Prominent Expert on the History of Carpathian Ukraine (Review of the Monograph by Mykola Vehesh: the State-Building Processes in Carpathian Ukraine (1938-1939). Uzhhorod: OUTDOR-SHARK, 2020. 552 p.)
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Mashchanyn Vasyl
Published: December 2020

The review analizes the monograph by Mykola Vehesh: The State-Building Processes in Carpathian Ukraine (1938-1939). Uzhhorod: OUTDOR-SHARK, 2020. 552 p.
AMARANTH INFLUENCE ON WHEAT FLOUR DOUGH RHEOLOGY: OPTIMAL PARTICLE SIZE AND AMOUNT OF FLOUR REPLACEMENT
Authors: Coțovanu Ionica , Stoenescu Georgeta , Mironeasa Silvia
Published: December 2020

Knowledge of various amaranth flour (AF) particle sizes influence added in different amounts in refined wheat flour (WF) seems necessary to properly design systems with expected rheological properties. The study aimed to assess the effects of factors, particle size and level of AF added in WF on Falling number index (FN) and dough rheological properties described by Mixolab in a systematic investigation based on design of experiment. The level of AF added in WF significantly influenced the FN values in the linear and quadratic terms (p < 0.05), revealing a decrease with the level increase. Particle size played a significant role in increasing water absorption in linear and quadratic terms (p < 0.05), whereas only the linear term has a significant effect (p < 0.005) on dough development time and stability. Particle size increase and the interaction between particle size and AF significantly increased torques C2 and C3. AF level increase in WF significantly decreased the torques C4 and C5. The optimization results highlighted that the most suitable combination would be the composite flour with 9.74% AF of 280 μm particle size incorporated in WF. The proposed approach and the information resulted can be relevant for industrial applications, helping to develop products with amaranth with optimum rheological properties, in order to scale-up the production.
CRUDE OIL TOXICITY TOLERANCE OF HYDROCARBONOCLASTIC STRAIN OF Citrobacter amalonaticus -Y2ESW1 ISOLATED FROM ESTUARINE SEDIMENT IN THE NIGER DELTA OF NIGERIA
Authors: Nkanang Abigail Johnny , Antai Sylvester , Asitok Atim
Published: December 2020

Crude oil toxicity possess a major threat to the aquatic ecosystem in the Niger Delta. This study investigated the   inherent tolerability potential of hydrocarbon degrading strain of Citrobacter amalonaticus  - Y2ESWS1  to crude  oil toxicity.  Sediment samples were obtained from selected locations and subjected to   bacteriological analysis using standard methods. Bacterial identification result revealed taxonomic group of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria species including Citrobacter amalonaticus strain Y2ESWS1. Toxicity testing revealed that the toxicant concentration and exposure time were key variables that mediated toxicity. A second-order polynomial regression model revealed significant (P<0.05, 0.01; R2=0.9852) relationship between exposure time and bacterial growth at 20% crude oil. Citrobacter amalonaticus strain - Y2ESWS1 was tolerant to crude oil toxicant concentrations as was evidenced in its prolonged acclimation periods. In this study the toxicity of pollutants to bacteria cultures (Citrobacter amalonaticus strain Y2ESW1,) was highly dependent on the concentration of the toxicants. The bacterial proliferation was hindered by 20% toxicant. It is a pointer to its poor activity when exposed to hydrocarbon however it can be used in a consortium with other microbes including potent degraders to achieve enhanced degradation of contaminated site.
HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC EFFECT OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED DEFATTED FLAXSEED EXTRACT IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS
Authors: Khalil Anees Ahmed , Aslam Ayesha , Khalid Ahood , Shahid QuratulAin , Aslam Maryam , Hlebová Miroslava , Rebezov Maksim , Derkho Marina , Shariati Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2020

The research was aimed to determine the hypocholesterolemic property of microwave assisted defatted flaxseed extract (MADFEs) on rat model under study. The study trial included 25 male rats which were separated into 5 groups having 5 rats in each group. Twenty rats out of 25 were hypercholesterolemic and remaining 5 were normal rats. High cholesterol diet was administered for 15 days in order to induce hypercholesterolemia, and after the induction these rats were administered different concentrations of MADFEs (150, 300 & 450mg/kg B.W.) for a time interval of 28 days. A significant reduction was observed in the levels of lipid profile parameters by the administration of extracts. The extract at a dose of 300mg/kg B.W. was shown to have provided optimal results displaying lowered cholesterol content, triglyceride and LDL-c by 16.79%, 15.41% and 12.68%, while the level of HDL elevated by 14.71% in comparison to the control Fo group. Likewise, the percent increase in the concentrations of catalase and SOD by 10.89% and 29.38%. The study determined that MADFEs displayed hypocholesterolemic effect and can be utilized for its therapeutic benefits. The lignin present in defatted flaxseed provide with the potential against diseases.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF RHIZOBACTERIA FROM MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) IN LUVISOLS AND DOCUMENTATION THEIR PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING TRAITS
Authors: Javorekova Sona , Cinkocki Renata , Maková Jana , Hricáková Nikola
Published: December 2020

There is a growing interest in the issue of inoculation of rhizobacteria into the agricultural soil because this group of bacteria can  increase  productivity and quality of  agriculturally important crop and contributes to the stability of agroecosystems. The aim of our work was to isolate and characterize of plant growth promoting traits (production of IAA, siderophores, phosphate solubilisation, antifungal activity) of rhizobacteria belonging to a group of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and isolated from rhizosphere of maize (Zea mays L.) in luvisols.  Quantitative representation of rhizobacteria of maize was 7.4 . 106 CFU.g-1 dry soil. A total of eleven species of maize rhizosphere where isolated and confirmed as PGPR in vitro. The  all  isolates  showed positive indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production ranging between 1.39 and 15.74 µg.ml-1. Seven  strains (63.6  %) has been shown with low and 1 strain with intermediate solubilisation index of phosphates and the  positive production of siderophores showed  7 isolates (63, 6 %). Except for the isolate KmiJP17B089, all others inhibited the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani by more than 50 %. In the case of Fusarium graminearum, on the other hand, we observed a very low inhibitory activity. The most active  in observed traits were  three isolates identified by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and NCBI database using the BLAST  resource as Bacillus altitudinis strain KmiJP17B089, Bacillus aryabhattai strain KmiJP17B090  and  Bacillus megaterium strain KmiJP17B091. These results suggest the possibility to tested in vivo these Bacillus species as potential biological fertilizer  to increase maize production.
Evaluación de daños producidos por árboles ornamentales en pavimentos de la zona norte de Bogotá
Authors: Beltrán Moreno Lisandro
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se presenta un resumen de la fisiología de los árboles y del comportamiento del suelo, se mencionan los daños causados en pavimentos en la zona Norte de la ciudad de Bogotá y, finalmente, se indican las posibles soluciones para minimizar el problema. El trabajo fue presentado en el Tercer Simposio Colombiano sobre Ingeniería de Pavimentos realizado en Cartagena del 22 al 27 de octubre de 1979.
Evaluación de la contaminación por monóxido de carbono en Bogotá
Authors: Olaya Reyes Germán
Published: December 2020

En este estudio se evalúa el grado de contaminación atmosférica por CO de origen automotor en Bogotá. Las medidas de los niveles de este contaminante se efectuaron en ocho vías de la ciudad con un alto flujo de vehículos y a lo largo de un recorrido urbano. Paralelamente se adaptó un modelo matemático y se aplicó una ecuación de regresión lineal, que permiten conocer la concentración teórica promedio de CO sin necesidad de instrumento de medición. De acuerdo con los estimativos, para 1985 los niveles de CO se incrementaran en 22% y para 1998 serán el doble de las medidas en 1980. Esto significa que dentro de cinco años, la Av. Caracas y las Carreras 13, 7a. y 10a., habrán sobrepasado considerablemente el límite máximo permitido para una hora de exposición. El instrumento de muestreo es un equipo Ecolyzer-2000 de medición continua y confiabilidad cercana al 100%.
The ultrasound of subcutaneous extrapelvic endometriosis
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt, Youssef Ashraf Talaat
Published: December 2020

Background: The presence of ectopic functional endometrial glands and struma anywhere except in the lining of the uterine cavity is considered as endometriosis. Extrapelvic endometriosis involving the abdominal wall cesarean section scar is uncommonly seen, and it rarely involves the perineum, umbilicus, pleura, kidneys, lungs and liver. Objectives: The purpose of the present study is to highlight rare ectopic sites, explain the pathogenesis of extrapelvic endometriosis, and evaluate the diagnostic significance of clinical findings, serum CA 125 level, and ultrasonography. Materials and methods: 24 female patients with extrapelvic endometriomas in whom the final diagnosis was based on the surgical results and histopathological reports of the excised specimens. The patients underwent a clinical examination, an ultrasound scan, and evaluation of the serum CA 125 level. They were also examined by transvaginal ultrasound to rule out ovarian endometriosis or uterine adenomyosis. They were further subjected to abdominal wall ultrasound in cases of cesarean section scar or umbilical region swellings, and transperineal ultrasound for perianal lesions. Transvaginal ultrasound was performed in patients with perineal endometrioma to assess the relation between the lesion and the external anal sphincter. Results: In 19 patients, abdominal wall cesarean section scar endometrioma was detected. Three patients had perianal endometriomas, and two patients – umbilical endometriomas. Conclusion: Ultrasound scanning was a useful diagnostic tool to evaluate extrapelvic endometriosis and its extension, especially in cases without typical clinical features that can be suggestive of endometrioma, low diagnostic sensitivity of serum CA 125, and low incidence of concomitant intrapelvic disease.
Validity of measurements of testicular volume obtained by a built-in software of ultrasound systems: with formula recommended by updated guidelines as reference
Authors:   Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China, Cai Dongyan , Wu Size ,   Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China, Li Ya ,   Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China, Chen Qingfang ,   Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
Published: December 2020

Aim: To investigate the validity of measurement of testicular volume acquired by a built-in software in different ultrasound systems with reference to the updated guidelines. Materials and methods: Archives of 1,976 patients who had undergone scrotal ultrasound evaluation were reviewed. A total of 973 patients with 1,909 testes, who had undergone ultrasound measurement of the testicular volume, were included in the study, and 1,003 patients were excluded. The age of enrolled patients ranged from 17 to 66 years (median age of 39 years). The ultrasound systems included Siemens Sonoline S2000, Philips EPIQ5, GE Logiq E9, Hitachi Aloka prosoundα7, Mindray DC-8 and Mindray Resona7. The transducers have imaging frequencies of 5–14 MHz. Validity of the measurement of testicular volume acquired by a built-in software in different ultrasound systems was assessed with reference to the formula that Volume (V) = Length (L) × Width (W) × Height (H) × 0.71, recommended by the updated guidelines, by recalculating the original numbers using a calculator. Results: The values obtained by the built-in software of Mindray DC-8 and Mindray Resona7 ultrasound systems and measurements recalculated on a computer were all in concordance; and the values obtained by the built-in software of Siemens Sonoline S2000, Philips EPIQ5, GE Logiq E9, and Hitachi Aloka prosoundα7 ultrasound systems and measurements recalculated on computer were all discordant. The same testicular measurements calculated with different formulas (V = L×W×H×0.71 vs. V = L×W×H×0.52) produced 26.76% difference. Conclusion: Values of testicular volume obtained by some ultrasound systems are not accurate with reference to the formula recommended by the updated guidelines.
Ultrasonographic inferior vena cava collapsibility and distensibility indices for detecting the volume status of critically ill pediatric patients
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey, Yildizdas Dincer , Aslan Nagehan ,   Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
Published: December 2020

Especially in recent years, the use of point-of-care ultrasound by non-radiologist clinicians has become widespread. Point-of-care ultrasound provides rapid responses to the problems of critically ill patients at the bedside. This technique has many important advantages, including being non-invasive, cheap, repeatable, painless, and radiation-free. Numerous studies have revealed the most important clinical benefits of point-of-care ultrasound use by pediatric intensive care providers. The inferior vena cava is a vessel that is highly sensitive to fluid changes. The inferior vena cava diameter can be measured by a point-of-care ultrasound, and represents a critical parameter in assessing the patient’s fluid status. The inferior vena cava collapsibility index (in spontaneously breathing patients) and the inferior vena cava distensibility index (in mechanically ventilated patients) are calculated by determined formulas by using maximum and minimum diameters of the inferior vena cava. The indices are important guides for pediatric intensive care providers for managing their patients’ fluid treatment. Although some authors claim it is not a reliable method, the technique is coming to fore in intensive care units day by day, and has an increasing trend among pediatric intensive care specialists. Here, we aim to give detailed information on the ultrasonographic inferior vena cava diameter measurement methods, and calculations of the inferior vena cava collapsibility index and inferior vena cava distensibility index, and emphasize the importance of a noninvasive, bedside, and objective method of detecting the volume status of critically ill patients for pediatric intensive care specialists according to the published literature.
Gallbladder-duodenal fistula detected by ultrasound – a case report
Authors:   Department of Diagnostic Imaging Medical Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Mazovian Brodnowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland, Jaguś Dominika , Karthik Aakanksha ,   Ultrasonography Scientific Circle at the Department of Imaging Diagnostics Medical Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Mazovian Brodnowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland, Tan Zhi Ying ,   Ultrasonography Scientific Circle at the Department of Imaging Diagnostics Medical Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Mazovian Brodnowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland, Mlosek Robert Krzysztof ,   Department of Diagnostic Imaging Medical Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Mazovian Brodnowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland, Białek Ewa ,   Department of Diagnostic Imaging Medical Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Mazovian Brodnowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
Published: December 2020

Gallbladder-duodenal (cholecystoduodenal) fistula is an uncommon bilioenteric fistula between the gallbladder and the duodenum. It usually occurs following a chronic case of cholecystitis upon which the gallbladder adheres to the adjacent duodenum, and a stone penetrates through the wall. The case presented herein is that of a gallbladder-duodenal fistula detected primarily with the use of ultrasound imaging, and subsequently confirmed by computed tomography. The patient is a 54-year-old woman who was admitted with upper abdominal pain. The fistula was caused by chronic cholecystitis, however no gallstones were present in the duodenum. Surgical management was undertaken for the patient, and the recovery was uneventful.
Related trade variety, foreign-domestic spillovers and regional employment in Hungary
Authors: Elekes Zoltán , Lengyel Balázs
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates the role of extra-regional capabilities in regional economic development in a Central and Eastern European context. This is done by analysing the association between the related variety of manufacturing import and export of domestic- and foreign-owned firms on the one hand, and regional employment in manufacturing export on the other. By means of a panel regression framework applied to the Hungarian microregions between 2000 and 2011, we find that domestic firms, in particular, benefit from the related variety of export activities in the regions, while import related to existing export activities is beneficial amongst both foreign and domestic firms. Furthermore, bridging the technological gap between foreign companies and the host economy requires stronger technological relatedness, unless domestic firms have experience in importing.
Food quality attributes of melon (Cucumis melo L.) influenced by grafting
Authors: Németh Dzsenifer , Balázs Gábor , Bodor Zsanett , Zaukuu John-Lewis Zinia , Kovács Zoltán , Kappel Noémi
Published: December 2020

Melon (Cucumis meloL.) is an important and valuable vegetable crop that nowadays has a 550ha cultivation area in Hungary. The use of grafting for cucurbits is a growing technique of interest to the food industry. Nevertheless, for melons the practice of grafting is not widespread, in contrast grafted seedlings are widely used by the watermelon growers. On the other hand, it should be mentioned that the food quality attributes can change, due to the grafting. Globally there are not many scientific articles available in this topic. The goal of our study is to provide a systematic review of literature with emphasis on the influence of grafting on melon fruit quality variations and the major advantages of this technique. Over the last few years, the near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electronic tongue method became popular to measure food attributes.
Examination of milling technological properties of different wheat varieties
Authors: Magyar Zoltán , Véha Antal , Szabó Balázs P.
Published: December 2020

In milling industry, the object of milling is to separate endosperm and bran parts of wheat, and to recover flour. The most important and the highest energy requirement operation is grinding. The quantity and quality of flour depends on: the variety of wheat that will be milled, the type of grinding equipment and the condition used before the grinding. During our experiments two different grain structured varieties of wheat were milled in laboratory conditions with disk, stone grinder and roller miller in air-dry, and conditioned states. The performance of the equipment and the particle size distribution (PSD) of the produced grist were measured, then the energy requirements of the grinders were calculated. In the milling experiments the ash contents of the different particle sized fractions were compared to map particular properties of wheat cultivars.