bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Major ozonated autohemotherapy promoted functional recovery following spinal cord injury in adult rats via the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Xia Liwei , Sun Yongming , Zhou Yue , Yang Qian , Huang Jianhan , Liu Dong
Published: January 2025

This study sought to explore the value of major ozonated autohemotherapy (MOA) as a treatment for spinal cord injury (SCI) in a rat model system. In total, 54 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into sham-operated, SCI model, and MOA treatment groups. We found that relative to the SCI model group, rats that underwent MOA treatment exhibited improved locomotor scores on days 14, 21, and 28 after injury (p < 0.05) together with reduced residual urine on days 5, 7, 14, and 21 after injury (p < 0.05). MOA treatment also lowered proinflammatory TNF-α, IL-1α, and C1q levels on day 3 post-injury (p < 0.05), decreased malondialdehyde levels, and enhanced superoxide dismutase activity (p < 0.001). Activated astrocytes in MOA-treated rats exhibited larger soma and higher levels of extracellular matrix secretion, whereas reactive microglia in the MOA group presented with a ramified morphology in contrast to the amoeboid morphology exhibited by these cells in SCI model rats. MOA offers potential value as a means of protecting spinal cord integrity, potentially through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and regulatory effects that shape the polarization of astrocytes and microglia.
Differential expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and Toll-like receptor/nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways in experimental obesity Wistar rat model
Authors: Song Liya , Li Lihua
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to investigate the differential expression of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway in relation to the Toll-like receptor (TLR)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in an obese rat model. A total of 200 8-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control group (Ctrl, n = 40) and an observation group (Obs, n = 160), with obesity induced through a high-fat diet. Following modeling, the Obs group was further divided into a model group, a PI3K/AKT inhibition group, a TLR/NF-κB inhibition group, and a combined PI3K/AKT + TLR/NF-κB inhibition group, with 40 rats in each. Metabolic changes were assessed by monitoring the glucose infusion rate (GIR), as well as conducting an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and an intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT). Hematoxylin and eosin staining was utilized to observe morphological changes in adipose tissue, while Western blotting was employed to detect the expression levels of proteins associated with the PI3K/AKT and TLR/NF-κB signaling pathways in adipose tissue. The results indicated that the Obs group exhibited significantly higher blood glucose and insulin levels during the IPGTT and IPITT experiments compared to the Ctrl group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the GIR, as well as the expression levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT proteins in the Obs group, were significantly lower than those in the Ctrl group (P < 0.05). In both the PI3K/AKT inhibition group and the combined PI3K/AKT + TLR/NF-κB inhibition group, the expression of relevant proteins further declined (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that while a high-fat diet decreases the activity of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, it concurrently promotes inflammatory responses by upregulating the TLR-4 and NF-κB signaling pathways, indicating a critical role for these pathways in obesity-related metabolic abnormalities.
Guaranteed Income: A Policy Landscape Review of 105 Programs in the United States
Authors: Rodriguez Sarina , Kagawa Rose , Koundinya Vikram , Choe Daniel , Vaitla Bapu , Volzer Alyx , Brinkley Catherine
Published: January 2025

Cash assistance programs have been piloted as Basic or Guaranteed Income across the United States. This research asks how programs are being designed and evaluated, with implications for how collective program impacts are understood. To answer this question, we assemble and review 105 programs based in the United States, covering over 40,000 beneficiaries. We compare eligibility criteria, funding sources, distribution amounts, program administration, pilot duration, and evaluation measures. We find that just over half of the programs use income-based qualifications and most (84 %) have some form of place-based eligibility criteria defined by residence. The plurality of programs (28) are based in California (CA) and 16 operate at the county level. We also find that while the development of pilots often uses community development framing, funding and evaluation measures tend to be more aligned with either economic or public health intervention assessments. As multiple fields of study engage with poverty alleviation, our findings add nuance to the complex and continuously developing landscape of interventions and evaluations.
Quality indicators for urine sample contamination: can squamous epithelial cells and bacteria count be used to identify properly collected samples?
Authors: Walber Gabriela Blauth , Poloni José Antonio Tesser , Rotta Liane Nanci
Published: January 2025

Objectives

To evaluate urinalysis parameters useful for identifying mixed cultures in urine culture using an automated urinary particle analyzer to assess quality indicators (QIs) for urine sample contamination.

Methods

A retrospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,527 urine samples from patients of a quaternary hospital in Brazil. Urine samples were processed simultaneously in Sysmex UF-5000 flow cytometry analyzer (urinalysis) and MALDI-TOF (culture).

Results

For all samples, a cutoff of 123.8 bacteria/µL was established to discriminate culture-negative specimens. ROC curve indicated the following cutoffs for females and males, respectively: 193.65 and 23.55 bacteria/µL, and 21.35 and 5.05 squamous epithelial cells (SEC)/µL, with the latter two related to scenarios of sample contamination/colonization through mixed cultures. Performing univariate logistic regression, we found a 2.78 (CI95 %: 2.12–3.65) times higher chance of probable mixed culture when SEC values were above the cutoffs for each sex, and 6.91(CI95 %: 4.56–10.47) times for bacteria. For multivariate logistic regression, the OR values were 1.62 (CI95 %: 1.21–2.15) and 5.82 (CI95 %: 3.77–8.98), respectively.

Conclusions

The fluorescent flow cytometry analyzers could efficiently identify urinary bacteria counts associated with contamination/colonization scenarios using the cutoffs of 21.35 SEC/µL for women and 5.05 SEC/µL for men. The cutoffs for bacteria/µL (193.65 for females and 23.55 for males) indicated that the presence of bacteria in male samples may be more associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs), while in female samples, it may be associated with either UTIs or contamination/colonization scenarios. This makes the analyzer a helpful tool as QI of sample contamination in urine cultures.
Qualitative insights into cultural heritage protection in Serbia: Addressing legal and institutional gaps for disaster risk resilience
Authors: Cvetković Vladimir M. , Gole Stefan , Renner Renate , Jakovljević Vladimir , Lukić Tin
Published: January 2025

This research is dedicated to a comprehensive exploration of the strengths and weaknesses inherent in the legal and institutional measures established to safeguard cultural heritage in the Republic of Serbia against the adverse effects of disasters, including earthquakes, landslides, rockfalls, floods, torrents, storms, hail, and forest fires. The study seeks to identify key challenges and shortcomings within the existing legal and institutional framework while also highlighting and analyzing best practices and potential avenues for improvement in the protection system. The research posits a preliminary hypothesis suggesting that significant challenges exist within the current framework, potentially hindering effective response and recovery efforts following natural hazards. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with field experts and an in-depth analysis of existing documentation. These methods were aimed at gathering critical data and insights to enhance the understanding of systemic issues and contribute to developing practical, viable solutions. The analysis and processing of the collected data were conducted using ATLAS. ti software, enabling a detailed and systematic examination of qualitative information. Moreover, assessing the current capacity of institutions to respond swiftly and effectively to natural hazards that threaten cultural heritage formed a central aspect of this study. The findings reveal notable deficiencies in the legal framework, inadequate institutional capacities, limited resources, and insufficient training for disaster response. The results underscore the pressing need for improved inter-institutional cooperation and the development of technical and logistical capabilities. To address these issues, the study recommends aligning legal frameworks with international standards, securing increased funding for technical resources, and implementing specialized training programs for institutional staff. This article makes a significant contribution to advancing the understanding and enhancement of the cultural heritage protection system in Serbia, offering actionable insights and a robust foundation for further research and strategic development in this critical area.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of submerged arc welded medium-thickness Q690qE high-strength steel plate joints
Authors: Huang Wen , Qi Kai , Liu Zhigang , Yang Liang , Xue Zheyan , Li Taotao , Zhang Xiaoqiang , Li Ruifeng
Published: January 2025

Submerged arc welding method was used to weld 40 mm thickness Q690qE high-strength steel to study the influence of welding heat input on the microstructure and properties of Q690qE joints. The result shows that welded seam with full penetration and no obvious defects is achieved in the Q690qE joints when the welding heat input ranges from 22.5 to 33.6 kJ·cm−1. The microstructure of welded seam mainly consists of acicular ferrite and granular bainite (GB), the microstructure in coarse-grain zone is GB and lath martensite. As the welding heat input increases, the microstructure of coarse-grain zone becomes lath bainite (LB) and a small amount of GB and the microhardness decreases. The microstructure of the fine-grained area mainly includes ferrite, GB, and a small quantity of LB. In terms of impact toughness, with the heat input increasing, the impact toughness at the center of welded seam and the heat-affected zone decreases subsequently. The tensile test results of the welded joints show that the fracture always occurs in the parent material area, with a tensile strength higher than 864 MPa, and the elongation after fracture decreases as the heat input increases.
Detention as Liminal Space During the Middle Babylonian Period
Authors: Reid John Nicholas
Published: January 2025

This paper considers detention for the Middle Babylonian period (ca. 1595–1155 BC). Detention was utilized as part of the judicial process and to control labor. The idea that detention can be viewed as liminal space is established by using literary texts. The concept of liminality is then applied to various legal and administrative documents to demonstrate that detention did not entail the creation of a new status. Instead, persons of a variety of statuses could be detained temporarily. During this time, the normal social and legal rights of a person could be suspended until resolution occurred.
Quantum and thermal noise in coupled non-Hermitian waveguide systems with different models of gain and loss
Authors: Hernández Osmery , Liberal Iñigo
Published: January 2025

Non-Hermitian (NH) photonic systems leverage gain and loss to open new directions for nanophotonic technologies. However, the quantum and thermal noise intrinsically associated with gain/loss affects the eigenvalue/eigenvector structure of NH systems, and thus the existence of exceptional points, as well as the practical noise performance of these systems. Here, we present a comparative analysis of the impact of different gain and loss mechanisms on the noise generated in gain–loss compensated NH waveguide systems. Our results highlight important differences in the eigenvalue/eigenvector structure, noise power, photon statistics and squeezing. At the same time, we identify some universal properties such as the occurrence of phase-transition points in parameter space and intriguing phenomena related to them, including coalescence of pairs of eigenvectors, gain–loss compensation, and linear scaling of the noise with the length of the waveguide. We believe that these results contribute to a better understanding of the impact of the gain/loss mechanism on the noise generated in NH systems.
Eine schwierige Partnerschaft
Authors: Wentker Hermann
Published: January 2025

Das Massaker am Tiananmen-Platz am 4. Juni 1989 bildete eine Zäsur in den deutsch-chinesischen Beziehungen, die sich nach dem Amtsantritt von Deng Xiaoping positiv entwickelt hatten. Denn damit avancierte die Menschenrechtsproblematik zu einem zentralen Thema der weitgehend von Wirtschaftsinteressen geprägten deutschen Chinapolitik, die in der ersten Hälfte der 1990er Jahre in einem dynamischen Dreieck verortet wird. Zu fragen ist, welches Gewicht dem Bundestag, der Wirtschaftslobby und der Entwicklung der chinesischen Politik für die Bundesregierung und insbesondere für das Auswärtige Amt zukam. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Frage nach dem Stellenwert der Menschenrechte und der Bedeutung der Argumente, mit denen trotz Menschenrechtsverletzungen der Ausbau der Beziehungen zu China begründet wurde.
Das Führungspersonal der Reichsbank und das NS-Regime
Authors: Gehlen Boris , Marx Christian
Published: January 2025

Unter der Leitung ihres selbstbewussten Präsidenten Hjalmar Schacht inszenierte sich die Reichsbank in der NS-Zeit als Hort rationaler Währungspolitik. Obschon sie seit 1933 über die Mefo-Wechsel zur geheimen Rüstungsfinanzierung beitrug, kritisierte sie wenige Jahre später die inflationären Folgen der maßlosen Ausgabenpolitik. Daher stellte Hitler im Januar 1939 einen Großteil der Führungsfiguren außer Dienst. Fortan fungierte die Reichsbank als willfähriges Instrument der NS-Rassen-, Eroberungs- und Vernichtungspolitik. Boris Gehlen und Christian Marx untersuchen das bisher weitgehend unbeachtete Leitungspersonal der Reichsbank und dessen individuelle Karriereverläufe. Sie diskutieren die Einbindung in die NS-Politik und analysieren, mit welchen Narrativen und Strategien die Akteure sich im Nachhinein rechtfertigten.
THE CRITICAL REVIEW OF TRIPLE Ts CONCEPT AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION WITHIN THE NADHIYYIN EDUCATION (MULTI-CASE STUDY AT LP MA'ARIF PASURUAN)
Authors: Ahmad Muhaimin  , Musnandar Aries , A’yuni Qurratu
Published: January 2025

The study aims to explore the triple t core values of Mbah Hasyim, one of founding fathers of the Nahdhatul ulama (nu), the biggest Muslim organization in Indonesia and even in the world. this research delineates about Mbah Hasyim’s core values into NU organization in a way to know positive contribution of Mbah Hasyim’s core values into peace education as well as the nation character building through education programs. as ulama Mbah Hasyim formulated three core t values derived from Islamic values, namely the 3 t's: Tasamuh,Tawassut (moderate), Tawazun. these triple t’s have become foundation for basic learning in nu education institutions around Indonesia. the purpose of this study is to elaborate such core values inspired by Mbah Hasyim into NU organization. the final objective of the research is to obtain clear and concise concept of Triple Ts in education specially to utilize them for instilling such (Islamic) values to students through character education program and peace education in Islamic worldview. therefore, the study used library research as the method for data collection. besides, the empirical evidence which are experienced by researchers used as primary sources in qualitative research method. the presence of researcher is necessary to enrich the collected data. the results shown that core values of Mbah Hasyim significantly have contributed to the life harmony, peace, togetherness and religious tolerant in Indonesia. Pancasila as a national philosophy accommodates any religious values that apply universally and most of the materials come from an Islamic perspective and the values of Triple Ts of Mbah Hasyim. the conclusion of this study is to bring this concept of Triple Ts of Mbah Hasyim into education program. thence, all school and other education institutions are encouraged to implement such triple T’s through character education program as well as peace education.
ANALYSIS OF TELECONFERENCE MARRIAGE CONTRACT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF WAHBAH AZ-ZUHAILI AND ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rizal Sofian Syaiful , Wahid Abd Hamid
Published: January 2025

In the current era of technology, it is possible to facilitate marriage contracts with the help of technology that can shorten the process for the parties involved in the implementation of the marriage contract. The purpose of this study is to analyze the views of an Islamic figure on marriage contracts conducted through teleconferences, as well as to find out the prospects of these views in the development of Islamic family law in Indonesia.  This research uses a qualitative research method with a library research approach, which involves various activities related to collecting library data, conducting literature reviews, and using primary data sources to reveal factual information for research. The results of this study indicate that the development of marriage through technology continues to progress from time to time, starting from the legalization of Stipulation No. 1751/P/1989 by the South Jakarta religious court until it finally tapered off to the practice of marriage through teleconferencing, starting from teleconferencing using video phones with cell phones to teleconferencing using Whatsapp applications, Zoom meetings and so on. The findings of this study indicate that marriage contracts conducted through teleconferencing have not been specifically regulated in existing laws in Indonesia, so they are somewhat ambiguous. The legal framework regarding this matter is currently lacking. However, according to Wahbah Az-Zuhaili's perspective, teleconference marriage can be considered permissible and valid. This research can have an impact on the knowledge of the wider community regarding Islamic religious tolerance and religious rules, as well as renewal in the millennial era, and open new insights and policies for the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia to reinforce the legalization of the law in the permissibility of marriage contracts through teleconference.
CONTENT VALIDITY OF INSTRUMENTS MEASURING INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP, ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND FOLLOWERSHIP IN MALAYSIAN PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Othman Cammellia , Busari Abdul Halim , Sulong Majelan
Published: January 2025

This study assessed the content validity of an instrument measuring instructional leadership, followership and organizational commitment in Malaysian primary schools. A panel of seven experts, each with 20 to 30 years of experience in education and leadership evaluated the instrument using the Content Validity Index (CVI) method. The I-CVI scores for instructional leadership, followership and organizational commitment were 0.96, 0.96, and 0.95, respectively, all above the acceptable 0.78 threshold indicating strong item validity. The S-CVI/AVE scores reached 0.96 for instructional leadership and followership and 0.95 for organizational commitment and reflecting high agreement on item relevance. For S-CVI/UA, instructional leadership and followership scored 0.80, meeting the acceptable standard while organizational commitment initially scored 0.72. After refinement, the S-CVI/UA for organizational commitment improved to 1.00, reflecting full expert consensus. Overall, the instrument demonstrates high content validity, providing a reliable basis for educational assessment and further research. This validated tool offers insights into instructional practices and organizational dynamics and supports applications in targeted training and policy development. Future research could apply this instrument in varied educational contexts to further test its adaptability, promoting broader use in educational research and policy.
THE INFLUENCE OF WORKING CONDITIONS ON EMPLOYEE INTENTION TO STAY IN MALAYSIAN COMMERCIAL LOCAL BANKS
Authors: Krishnamuthi Kugan , Abdul Rahim Noor Fareen
Published: January 2025

The Malaysian banking industry faces a pressing challenge on employee retention, which is a factor pivotal for sustained organisational performance. This study aims to delve into the relationship between working conditions and the intention to stay among employees in commercial local banks in Malaysia and examine the mediating role of job satisfaction towards the nexus. The conceptual framework is rooted in the Social Exchange Theory, leading to the development of three hypotheses that will guide the research. The study hopes to contribute to the existing literature on employee intention to stay, particularly the mediating influence of job satisfaction. The findings will provide valuable insights for banks and human resource management practitioners, offering a strategic compass for formulating effective retention strategies. By fostering a positive work environment and bolstering employee intention to stay, banks can enhance their overall organisational performance while concurrently minimising the detrimental impact of turnover costs. In essence, this study addresses a critical concern in the Malaysian banking sector and propels the industry towards a more sustainable and resilient future.
Surface roughness prediction for CNC-turned C45 steel utilising adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems
Authors: Tran Cong Chi , Nguyen Van Tuu
Published: January 2025

The surface roughness, Ra of mechanical products is an important parameter commonly used to evaluate the surface quality of a part after machining. Therefore, developing accurate prediction models for surface roughness is essential for optimizing manufacturing processes without multiple and repetitive experiments, leading to significant savings in both cost and time. This study examines the impact of turning parameters, including cutting speed, V, feed rate, f, and depth of cut, d, on Ra and develops a predictive model for the turning of C45 steel. The Taguchi method and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to design the experiments and analyze the effects of machining parameters on Ra. Additionally, a predictive model for Ra was developed using the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), and the efficiency of this model was evaluated based on the coefficient of determination, R² and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The results of the ANOVA analysis showed that all three cutting parameters had significant effects on Ra. However, the f parameter had the most significant influence on Ra at 90.35%, followed by V and d at 1.9% and 3.24%, respectively. The developed ANFIS prediction model with Gaussian membership functions for Ra achieved R² of 0.989 for training and 0.963 for testing and RMSE of 0.112 and 0.223, respectively. These results indicate that the ANFIS model can predict Ra relatively accurately based on cutting parameters. Thus, the results of this research can be useful in C45 steel turning operations, which further enables assessment and improvement of cutting parameters to reduce Ra, thereby improving product quality.
Scenario of energy policy and act in Malaysian energy building efforts for sustainable development: A review
Authors: Muhammad Adib Afham  , Razali Mohd Azahari
Published: January 2025

Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia that is close to the latitude and has a typical tropical climate. Due to our dependence on finite fossil fuel sources, which eventually results in CO2 emissions, effective energy use is essential. Population expansion and economic growth are thought to have an impact on the nation's rising energy demand. Therefore, the power sector in Malaysia faces significant problems with climate change, energy security and sustainability. Energy-efficient building techniques can be used to adopt the aforementioned problems. In Malaysia, buildings use 12% of the nation's whole energy, with the residential and commercial sectors using 50.4% of all electrical energy. Thus, maximizing energy efficiency in buildings is essential for lowering energy consumption and attractive regional environmental sustainability. This review article examines the evolving landscape of energy policies and legislative acts in Malaysia, focusing on their implications for sustainable development in the building sector. The study highlights Malaysia's commitment to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing energy efficiency through a series of national policies and frameworks. It explores the integration of these policies into the building industry, assessing their effectiveness in promoting sustainable construction practices and energy-efficient building designs. By analysing policy outcomes and comparing them with global best practices, the review offers a thorough understanding of how Malaysia's energy policies are steering the built environment towards greater sustainability. The findings highlight the need for ongoing policy enhancement and cross-sector collaboration to achieve long-term energy and environmental objectives.
Strengthening Household Solid Waste Management in Sierra Leone: Lessons from South Korea and Indonesia
Authors: Jalloh Mohamed Yayah , Dahalan Wan Siti Adibah Wan , Khalid Rasyikah Md , Wulandari Wulandari
Published: January 2025

Household solid waste (HSW) generation and its illegal disposal pose significant challenges to Sierra Leone, leading to public health and environmental harm. While municipal by-laws are implemented to deal with HSW in Sierra Leone, existing literature shows significant inadequacies in these laws. This paper employs normative legal research to examine the relevant laws in Sierra Leone and their adequacy and discusses related laws in South Korea and Indonesia. The findings reveal significant areas for improvement in Sierra Leone's laws, regulations, and policies pertaining to HSW, such as the absence of specific provisions to address HSW and the non-binding nature of existing provisions. Observing the relevant laws and measures in South Korea and Indonesia could significantly improve Sierra Leone's waste laws, leading to better HSW minimization. The proposed measures include establishing clear and specific laws and regulations for HSW management, implementing stricter penalties for HSW violations, promoting public awareness and education on waste reduction and recycling, and providing incentives for waste reduction and recycling. By doing so, Sierra Leone can improve public health, protect the environment, and promote sustainable development.
Initial structural characteristics of built-up I-section cold-formed steel with oriented strand board short column
Authors: Mohd Sani Mohd Syahrul Hisyam , Muftah Fadhluhartini , Osman Ahmad Rasidi , Mudenda Kenny
Published: January 2025

Roof truss systems and wall panels are two examples of popular structural components made by cold-formed steel (CFS) which is classified as a steel-based building material available in a wide range of shapes, and thicknesses. The use of CFS is increasing due to its many desirable properties, including a high strength-to-weight ratio, low weight, resistance to corrosion, and fast installation. In contrast, the thin-surfaced and opened section of CFS buckles easily when utilised as a beam or column. When the load is applied directly, the CFS section fails in modes such as web crippling, torsion, and buckling. As a result, the new I-section with top and bottom flange elements was produced by using CFS channel section, and timber board from the type of oriented strand board (OSB) as a web element. The study aimed to determine the initial structural characteristics of the built-up I-section CFS with OSB short column. A single or double web element made by yellow and dark brown OSB was used to construct the I-section for determining the initial structural characteristics. The I-section with a double web of yellow OSB showed the highest value of ultimate load and compressive strength as compared to other specimens in the range of 8.00% to 14.00%.
Dendrochronological potential of tropical species in the Peruvian Amazon: An analysis in flooded forests of the southeast
Authors: Ranilla-Huamantuco Miguel A. , Cassana-Huáman Ingrid A. , Canales-Ramirez John , Navio-Chipa Javier , Macedo-Enriquez Kerly J. , Farfan-Huanca Robert F. , Portal-Cahuana Leif A.
Published: January 2025

Research on growth rings in tropical trees within flooded forests has unveiled the complexity of climate change in these ecosystems. However, there has been limited understanding regarding species and their potential for dendrochronology. This study assessed 20 species from 13 botanical families in a flooded forest in southeastern Peru. Wood samples were collected during the dry season using a non-destructive sampling with motorized drill, alongside botanical samples for identification. Growth ring features were described following the IAWA, at a macroscopic level. Thirteen species showed promise for dendrochronological studies, eight of which were previously undocumented. These findings are pivotal for prioritizing species in future dendrochronological investigations in the Peruvian Amazon.
Effect of air heat treatment on the shrinkage and surface roughness of six Korean oak woods
Authors: Prasetia Denni , Kim Jong-Ho , Purusatama Byantara Darsan , Savero Alvin Muhammad , Lee Seung-Hwan , Park Byung-Ho , Iswanto Apri Heri , Kim Nam-Hun
Published: January 2025

The effect of air heat treatment was evaluated relative to the shrinkage and surface roughness of six Korean oak woods: Quercus serrata (Qs), Quercus mongolica (Qm), Quercus acutissima (Qac), Quercus aliena (Qal), Quercus dentata (Qd), and Quercus variabilis (Qv). The properties were examined using untreated and treated flat-sawn heartwood boards at 160, 180, 200, and 220 °C for 2 h. The shrinkage in the radial and tangential directions increased with increasing temperature, whereas the anisotropy coefficients decreased from 160 to 200 °C and increased at 220 °C. At all temperatures, Qm exhibited the smallest shrinkage, and Qv showed the highest shrinkage in the radial and tangential directions. The surface roughness of the oak wood decreased with increasing temperature, showing the highest average roughness (Ra) value in Qs at all temperatures. Qm and Qac showed the smallest Ra values at 160 to 200 °C and 220 °C, respectively. Qm showed the highest change in Ra value at 160 and 200 °C, while Qv had the highest change at 180 and 220 °C. In contrast, Qal consistently exhibited the smallest change in Ra at all temperatures.
Assessment of extracts and hydrosol from yarrow as wood preservative and its effects on physical performance
Authors: Çetin Tahsin , Kalayci Zeynep
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to assess the applicability of the extract and hydrosol obtained from the yarrow (Achillea millefolium) plant, which has grown widely in places where the Mediterranean climate prevails, as an impregnation agent for wooden materials. Red pine (Pinus brutia), oriental beech (Fagus orientalis), and walnut (Juglans regia) were selected as test samples of wood. An immersion method was used for the impregnation process that was performed for different time periods, 30 min (short), 3 h, (medium), and 24 h (long). Following the impregnation process, test samples were soaked in water for 6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h to determine some physical properties of wooden material (retention, specific gravity, shrinkage, swelling, and water uptake). The results revealed that the highest retention after yarrow extract impregnation was achieved with red pine at 10% hydrosol concentration (2.29%) in a 30 min period whereas the lowest retention was observed with walnut material at 10% hydrosol concentration (1.17%) within a 24 h period. Yarrow extract did not have a significant effect on the physical properties of impregnated wooden materials; however, it was argued that the hydrosol was effective in the dimensional stability of all test samples due to its water-repellent properties.
Performance of growth and remediation potency of Jacaranda mimosifolia in cadmium and lead contaminated soil
Authors: El-Mahrouk El-Sayed Mohamed , Ebrahim Hayam M.A. , Gaber Mohamed K. , Aly Mahmoud A. , El-Naggar Assem A. M. , Honfi Péter , Tilly-Mándy Andrea , Eisa Eman Abdelhakim
Published: January 2025

In a 16-month study addressing global agricultural soil heavy metal contamination, researchers explored plant-centered solutions using Jacaranda plants. The impact of different combinations of cadmium nitrate (40, 80, and 120 mg) and lead nitrate (400, 800, and 1200 mg/kg soil) were evaluated relative to Jacaranda’s remediation capabilities. Employing a randomized complete block design with 8 applications across 3 repetitions, the study assessed growth traits and chemical characteristics. Untreated plants showed higher growth values, contrasting with reduced values in plants exposed to elevated cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) levels. For instance, the treatment with 120 mg Cd/kg soil + 1200 mg Pb/kg soil led to a 28% reduction in plant height, 13% in main stem diameter, 41% in branch number, and 35% in leaf area compared to the control. Despite these challenges, Jacaranda plants demonstrated resilience with a 100% survival rate. Plant organs showed increased Cd and Pb contents, with fallen leaves having lower metal content, mitigating pollution hazards. Post-planting, soil characteristics shifted, indicating Jacaranda‘s potential for Cd phytoextraction (BCF < 1 and, TF > 1) and Pb phytostabilization (BCF and TF < 1). The study establishes Jacaranda as a promising candidate for phytoremediation due to its resilience to elevated metal levels.
Degrading large old tree population deserves more conservation effort: A case of endangered Barringtonia racemosa in tropical rural China
Authors: Xie Chunping , Jiang Shuangshuang , Liu Dawei , Jim C. Y.
Published: January 2025

The large old tree population of Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng plays a crucial ecological and cultural role in rural areas (Danzhou, tropical China). This study investigates the population structure, demographic characteristics, and conservation status of B. racemosa in remnant forest stands. The findings reveal a skewed distribution towards smaller to intermediate-size classes, with a significant decline in larger-size classes. The static life table highlights high mortality rates in the early stages and moderate survivorship in mid-size classes, indicating a bottleneck in the transition from medium to larger-size classes. The study identifies external interference as a potential threat to the B. racemosa population. Based on these findings, a multifaceted conservation approach is proposed to integrate traditional ecological knowledge, implement community-based conservation programs, enhance habitat protection and restoration, and strengthen legal protection and policy support. This research underscores the critical role of large old trees in ecosystem health. It highlights the need for targeted conservation strategies to preserve these vital components of natural landscapes in rural China.
Characteristics and Therapy of Patients with Bartholin's Cysts in An Indonesian Tertiary Hospita
Authors: Djusad Suskhan , Putra Dafnil Akhir
Published: January 2025

A blocked duct of the Bartholin gland causes mucus accumulation and a fluid-filled sac, i.e., a Bartholin cyst, that can develop into an abscess when infected. This study specifically explored the characteristics and treatment Bartholin cysts or abscesses in patients registered at the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Indonesia. This retrospective and descriptive study utilized data from patients registered at the hospital from July 2021 to July 2023. Bartholin cysts were found to be more common in patients aged 40 to 45 (57.1%) with a non-working status (71.4%), and  married (90.5%). Cysts were found to be 1 to 3 cm in size (52.4%) and occured unilaterally (95.2%). Four of the fourteen patients complained of recurring Bartholin cysts. On history and clinical examinations, 20 (95.2%) patients reported the presence of lumps. Antibiotics were the most commonly used treatment, with 15 of 21 Bartholin cyst patients (71.4%) receiving them. Obtaining data on the demographic of patient characteristics is essential when providing appropriate health care. Clinical considerations such as cyst size, patient age, symptoms, and history of recurrent Bartholin cysts or abscesses influence the choice of comprehensive medical and surgical management.
Implementation and Impact of a Novel Protocol for Inpatient Asylum-Seeking Children
Authors: Cheronis Chrisoula , Rey Ardilla Daniela , Chamberlain Lisa J.
Published: January 2025

In response to a record number of immigrant families arriving in the United States through the southern border, a multidisciplinary team at a tertiary care children’s hospital developed an inpatient asylum protocol (IAP) whose goals were to identify, screen, and support hospitalized asylum-seeking patients and their families. Identified patients were provided with specialized social work, case management, and legal support and were longitudinally followed after hospital discharge to ensure successful engagement with community resources. A total of 47 patients were enrolled over 2.5 years. Our patient population demonstrated significant food, housing, and legal needs. Medical complexity was also substantial, with half of our patients requiring both inpatient subspecialty consultations and outpatient follow-up and 13% qualifying for our institution’s complex care program. As a result of the IAP, all families received social work support that continued after discharge, 93% of families without legal aid on admission were connected with legal resources, and 96% of our patients without a primary care physician on arrival had established one on discharge. At the time of this review, half of our patients and families had graduated from the program, whereas the rest continued to require monthly follow-up because of ongoing needs. This novel program was successful in evaluating and addressing the needs of newly arrived asylum-seeking patients and their families in the inpatient setting. We hope that our protocol will aid other institutions in adopting similar interventions.
OPTIMASI PREDIKSI CURAH HUJAN KOTA PADANG DENGAN MODEL ARIMA
Authors: Putri Darvi Mailisa , Hasibuan Lilis Harianti , Nur Rizki Amalia , Asfa'ani Ezhari
Published: January 2025

The rain is a natural phenomenon that is still a concern for several parties. Especially the assessment of rainfall in an area. This is important because high rainfall will result in natural disasters and have an impact on people's lives. So it is necessary to predict rainfall, although this is a complex problem. This research aims to optimise the prediction of Padang city rainfall data with monthly data for the period January 2018 to December 2021. The ARIMA model is used to analyse the data provided that the data must be stationary. Data stationarity can be seen from the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test. After the ADF test is performed, the Autocorrelation Function (ACF) and Partial Autocorrelation Function (PACF) plots help in determining the order of the ARIMA model. The ARIMA (0,1,1) model was found to be the best model based on the smallest Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) value.
EFEK VAKSINASI PADA MODEL SEAIQR PENYEBARAN PENYAKIT COVID-19
Authors: Pusawidjayanti Kridha , Wulan Gea Putri Rohmatul
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi konstruksi model SEAIQR dalam konteks penyebaran virus COVID-19 yang melibatkan vaksinasi, serta untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pemberian vaksinasi dalam mengendalikan penyebaran virus. Model SEAIQR menggambarkan kompartemen Susceptible (S), Exposed (E), Asymptomatic (A), Infectious (I), Quarantined (Q), dan Recovered (R) yang merupakan representasi dinamika populasi terhadap infeksi dan intervensi vaksinasi. Metode penelitian melibatkan analisis matematis dan simulasi komputer untuk memodelkan interaksi antara individu dalam populasi serta penyebaran virus COVID-19. Konstruksi model SEAIQR melibatkan parameter-parameter yang menggambarkan laju penularan, tingkat vaksinasi, periode inkubasi, dan transisi antar kompartemen. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa dengan tingkat vaksinasi yang cukup tinggi dan cakupan populasi yang luas, penyebaran virus dapat ditekan secara signifikan. Selain itu, analisis sensitivitas parameter-parameter model mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor kunci yang memengaruhi efektivitas vaksinasi dalam mengurangi jumlah kasus baru dan memperlambat laju penularan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang dinamika penyebaran virus COVID-19 dalam konteks vaksinasi, serta memberikan dasar teoritis untuk perencanaan dan implementasi kebijakan vaksinasi yang efektif dalam mengendalikan pandemi. Temuan ini dapat digunakan sebagai landasan untuk pengembangan model-model prediktif dan strategi intervensi lebih lanjut dalam penanggulangan COVID-19 dan pandemi-pandemi masa depan.
PENERAPAN ANALISIS KOMPONEN UTAMA FUNGSIONAL (AKUF) PADA DATA SPEKTROSKOPI (KASUS : DATA TECATOR DI SOFTWARE R)
Authors: Risqa JL Ana , Dewi Novian Riskiana , Alhaq Arini , Nabila Siti Ulfa
Published: January 2025

Analisis komponen utama (AKU) merupakan salah satu teknik analisis dalam peubah ganda yang digunakan untuk menyederhanakan suatu data, dengan cara mentransformasi data secara linier sehingga terbentuk sistem koordinat baru dengan varians maksimum, mereduksi dimensi suatu data tanpa mengurangi karakteristik data tersebut secara signifikan dan juga sering digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah multikolinearitas antar peubah bebas dalam model regresi berganda. Namun AKU mengalami kesulitan dalam menganalisis data fungsional seperti data Spektroskopi karena jumlah dimensi yang terlalu besar. Untuk mengatasi kesulitan ini, AKUF menyediakan cara yang jauh lebih informatif memeriksa struktur sampel kovarian dari AKU, dan juga dapat melengkapi pemeriksaan langsung dari varians-kovarians struktur. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah menerapkan dan membandingkan metode AKU dan AKUF pada data berbentuk Spektroskopi. Pada data tekator yang ada di software R ini setipe dengan data spektroscopi dapat dilihat bahwa penerapan AKUF lebih baik dibandingkan dengan AKU ini terlihat dari nilai RMSEP pada hasil AKUF lebih kecil dibanding AKU. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk menganalisis data spectroskopi akan lebih baik menggunakan AKUF pada studi kasus untuk data Tekator yang ada di software.
PEMODELAN MATEMATIKA PENYEBARAN VIRUS KOMPUTER MELALUI FLASH DRIVE DENGAN PERLINDUNGAN ANTIVIRUS
Authors: Sabran La Ode , Laura Athisa Ratu , Annur Lathifah
Published: January 2025

Peneltian ini membahas tentang model matematika penyebaran virus komputer. Media penyebaran virus yang ditinjau dalam penelitian ini adalah flash drive. Tujuan penelitian adalah menemukan model penyebaran virus dengan melibatkan antivirus untuk melindungi komputer. Model dikembangkan dengan membagi komputer ke dalam empat kompartemen yaitu kompartemen komputer rentan, komputer terinfeksi virus, komputer dengan antivirus, dan komputer tidak aktif. Sedangkan, flash drive dikelompokkan ke dalam dua kompartemen yaitu flash drive rentan dan terinfeksi. Analisis model menghasilkan dua titik ekuilibrium yaitu titik ekuilibrium bebas virus dan endemik virus. Kestabilan titik ekuilibrium bergantung pada bilangan reproduksi dasar . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan laju penggunaan antivirus akan menurunkan nilai . Hasil simulasi numerik memperlihatkan bahwa semakin besar nilai maka semakin banyak pula komputer yang terinfeksi virus. Namun sebaliknya, semakin kecil nilai  maka semakin sedikit pula komputer yang terinfeksi virus. Nilai  menandakan seluruh komputer bebas dari virus.
PERBANDINGAN PRINCIPAL COMPONENT REGRESSION DAN REGRESI RIDGE PADA ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Khoiro Ismi , Asfa'ani Ezhari , Musthofa Syarto
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini membahas tentang perbandingan metode principal component regression dan regresi ridge dalam mengatasi masalah multikolinearitas pada data Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Penelitian menggunakan data yang diambil dari Badan Pusat Statistika Sumatera Barat pada tahun 2023. Kedua metode tersebut akan dibandingkan berdasarkan nilai  dan RSE. Nilai  yang dihasilkan principal component regression  (93,2%)  regresi ridge (84,89%), begitu juga dengan nilai  principal component regression (92,8%)  regresi ridge (84,89%). Sedangkan nilai RSE principal component regression (0,2683)   RSE regresi ridge (0,4). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa model terbaik yang diperoleh untuk mengatasi masalah multikolinearitas pada data IPM Provinsi Sumatera Barat adalah principal component regression.
Nowy człowiek radziecki. Psychologia i literatura w służbie bolszewickiej utopii
Authors: Gwiżdż Michał
Published: January 2025

Książka Michała Gwiżdża analizuje ideę „nowego człowieka” jako kluczowego elementu radzieckiej ideologii oraz narzędzia w procesie budowania komunistycznego społeczeństwa. Praca opiera się na interdyscyplinarnym podejściu, łącząc analizę literacką z psychologiczną, ukazując, w jaki sposób literatura i nauka służyły jako narzędzia propagandy i kształtowania świadomości społecznej. Autor szczegółowo omawia ewolucję koncepcji „nowego człowieka” od utopijnych marzeń XIX-wiecznych myślicieli do praktycznych metod stosowanych przez bolszewików w ZSRR. Książka zawiera dogłębną analizę literatury radzieckiej oraz wykorzystania teorii psychologicznych, takich jak pawłowizm, psychoanaliza czy pedologia, w celu stworzenia nowego typu człowieka. Istotną częścią monografii jest również krytyka ideologicznego zniewolenia jednostki oraz wpływu totalitarnej władzy na kształtowanie postaw i wartości w społeczeństwie radzieckim.
Significant Relationship between Hypertension and Obesity among Female Patients at A Hospital in Kupang, Indonesia
Authors: Wijaya Darlene Monica , Indriarini Desi , Wungouw Herman Pieter Louis , Artawan I Made
Published: January 2025

Background: Hypertension or high blood pressure is one of the most common non-communicable diseases found nowadays, affecting 1.28 billion people worldwide and causing about 7.5 million deaths annually. Many factors contribute to hypertension, one of which is obesity. This study aimed to explore further the relationship between hypertension and obesity, especially in female patients in Kupang, Indonesia.Methods: This study was an analytical observational with a cross-sectional approach, including female patients visited the outpatient’s clinic of internal medicine at a hospital in Kupang, Indonesia from July to August 2022. A purposive sampling technique was used. Data collection used an aneroid sphygmomanometer, stethoscope, and health scale. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test. The strength of the correlation was tested with the coefficient of contingency.Results: Of the 100 female patients, 28% had hypertension and 41% were obese. The majority were housewives, aged 46–66 years. Chi square test results showed a significant relationship between obesity and hypertension (p=0.006). However, the correlation test with the contingency coefficient showed a positive correlation with weak correlation (r = 0.283).Conclusions: There is a relationship between hypertension and obesity in female patients at a hospital in Kupang, Indonesia. This finding highlights the need for effective management and prevention strategies, as well as promoting healthy lifestyles.