bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Kinerja Metode Bagging dan Non-Ensemble Machine Learning pada Klasifikasi Wilayah di Indonesia menurut Indeks Pembangunan Manusia
Authors: Kemala Intan , Wijayanto Arie Wahyu
Published: February 2022

Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) sendiri merupakan suatu ukuran yang digunakan untuk mengukur pencapaian pembangunan manusia di suatu wilayah. Capaian tinggi rendahnya nilai IPM di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari program pembangunan yang dilaksanakan pemerintah di tiap wilayah Indonesia baik itu tingkat pusat maupun daerah. Penentuan program pembangunan yang dilakasanakan harus tepat sasaran dan sesuai dengan prioritas daerah berdasarkan kategori IPM yang dimiliki. Untuk membantu efektifitas kinerja pemerintah dalam menganalisis kategori IPM masing-masing daerah di Indonesia, dilakukan penelitian terkait klasifikasi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Indonesia menggunakan 4 indikator berbeda yakni Indeks Pemberdayaan Gender, Indeks Keparahan Kemiskinan, Rata-Rata Lama Sekolah, dan Pengeluaran per Kapita dengan menerapkan beberapa algoritma klasifikasi sebagai perbandingan antara lain Random Forest untuk mewakili metode Bagging, serta C4.5 Decision Tree, K Nearest Neighbors, dan Naive Bayes yang mewakili metode non-ensemble. Proses klasifikasi diawali dengan pengumpulan data yang sudah tersedia di website BPS; preprocessing data berupa feature selection, cleaning, integrasi, dan transformasi; dilanjutkan proses pembuatan model pada data training dengan menerapkan 10-fold cross validation serta metode SMOTE untuk menangani imbalance class; dan terakhir evaluasi hasil pemodelan pada data testing. Dari hasil pemodelan dan testing didapat hasil bahwa metode Random Forest dengan mtry = 2 dan ntree = 500 merupakan metode terbaik diantara metode lainnya dimana akurasi klasifikasi yang dihasilkan sebesar 95.41% dan nilai Kappa sebesar 83.46%.
Analisis Performansi Protokol Routing Vehicular Network Menggunakan Algoritma Ant Colony Jamak
Authors: Sayuti Muhammad , Adriman Ramzi , Nasaruddin Nasaruddin
Published: February 2022

Pengembangan teknologi jaringan ad-hoc disebut Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET).  VANET terbentuk dari kumpulan node yang menggunakan antarmuka nirkabel untuk dapat melakukan komunikasi antara satu node dengan node lainnya. Penelitian ini, membangun sebuah protokol routing dengan menggunakan algoritma Ant Colony yang diberi nama (ANTC), dimana akan dibandingkan dengan routing protokol Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) untuk melihat performansi dari masing – masing routing protocol. Proses routing AODV dengan membentuk sebuah pergerakan dari satu node sumber ke node tujuan berdasarkan pada permintaan node sumber tersebut. Sedangkan proses routing ANTC, setiap node menyimpan memori yang berisi informasi pergerakan pada setiap node yang diketahuinya, informasi pergerakan akan diperbaharui secara berkala jika terjadi perubahan link. Parameter kinerja routing protokol yang diukur berupa Latency dan Througphut. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah routing protokol ANTC unggul pada nilai parameter Latency dengan nilai rata-rata 16,8 s  dan Througphut  dengan nilai rata-rata  87,758 Kbps.
Aplikasi Pelacakan Rumah Sakit Berbasis Android Dengan Algoritma Pencarian
Authors: Permata Ryan Cipta , Kuswanto Herman , Ryansyah Muhamad , Maulana Muhammad Sony
Published: February 2022

Suatu kota yang mempunyai cukup banyak rumah sakit. Rumah sakit merupakan salah satu pelayanan kesehatan untuk masyarakat melakukan pemeriksaan secara rutin ataupun untuk check up. Tetapi tidak semua masyarakat tidak mengetahui lokasi atau keberadaan rumah sakit terdekat. Kekurangan tentang informasi lokasi rumah sakit di kota memberi peluang penulis untuk membuat aplikasi pelacakan rumah sakit secara cepat. oleh sebab itu untuk efisiensi pelacakan rumah sakit, penulis membuat aplikasi pencarian rumah sakit ,yang dikembangkan untuk smartphone berbasis Android menggunakan Visual Code Studio dan menggunakan metode Waterfall. Aplikasi yang sudah dibuat telah dapat memenuhi kebutuhan untuk melakukan proses pelacakan rumah sakit dari smartphone dengan memberikan posisi yang cukup akurat, Aplikasi pelacakan rumah sakit ini dapat menampilkan rute perjalan ke rumah sakit dari dengan posisi pengguna berserta jaraknya sekarang ini dalam bentuk peta, Hasil pengujian yang sudah dilakukan adalah bahwa fungsi-fungsi di aplikasi pelacakan rumah sakit ini dapat berjalan dengan benar dan sesuai dengan kriteria pembuatan.
Perbandingan Tipe Metode PoS Tagger Terhadap Nilai Akurasi Untuk Bahasa Melayu Pontianak
Authors: Sumoko Ade , Negara Arif Bijaksana Putra , Pratiwi Helen Sasty
Published: February 2022

Metode PoS Tagger adalah metode yang digunakan sebagai acuan untuk melakukan tagging pos secara langsung sesuai dengan data uji yang dan data latih yang telah dilakukan pengujian untuk mendeteksi seberapa akurat metode pos tagger tersebut dalam melakukan tagging, yang dimana hal ini lakukan pengecekan dengan data tagging secara manual untuk melihat kearutan dari metode tersebut. Data kalimat teks korpus yang digunakan sebanyak 1500 kalimat bahasa Melayu Pontianak yang dimana kalimat teks digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebagai kalimat latih maupun kalimat uji. Penelitian ini melakukan pengembangan korpus yang awalnya berjumlah 500 kalimat menjadi 1500 kalimat, dan pengembangan tag PoS yang menggunakan data tag PoS dari penelitian lainnya kemudian hasil dari analisa penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan nilai akurasi dari setiap metode PoS tagger.
Analisis Metode ICA dan NMFsc untuk Implementasi Sistem Pengenalan Wajah pada Video di Ruangan
Authors: Kusumawardhani Eka , Imansyah Fitri , Ade Putra Leonardus Sandy
Published: February 2022

Face recognition atau pengenalan wajah merupakan sebuah metode untuk mengidentifikasi atau memverifikasi identitas seseorang melalui wajah. Saat ini, sudah banyak sekali sistem aplikasi dan metode pengenalan wajah yang telah dikembangkan, salah satunya adalah metode ICA dan NMFsc. Penelitian terdahulu pernah menerapkan metode ICA dan NMFsc pada sistem pengenalan wajah dengan masukan berupa citra digital yang memiliki tingat akurasi 96.1% untuk metode ICA dan 94% untuk metode NMFsc. Pada penelitian ini, metode ICA dan NMFsc akan kembali diterapkan dalam sistem pengenalan wajah dengan masukan berupa video yang selanjutnya akan dianalisis kinerja metode tersebut terhadap tingkat akurasi dan waktu komputasi sistem. Tingkat akurasi dari kedua metode akan dilihat dari hasil simulasi program pengenalan wajah menggunakan Matlab. Hasil pengujian sistem secara keseluruhan menunjukan bahwa Metode NMFsc memiliki nilai akurasi tertinggi yaitu 92.5% dengan waktu komputasi 166.8026s pada kondisi kamera disebelah kiri sedangkan ICA 84.25% dengan waktu komputasi 51.7315s pada kondisi kamera disebelah kiri.
PERANCANGAN SECURITY SISTEM JARINGAN BERBASIS UNTANGLE FIREWALL PADA UNISADHUGUNA INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION
Authors: Mauludin Haris , Kuswanto Herman
Published: February 2022

Abstrac In a computer network system, it is definitely not free from a problem that often occurs, as well as in Unisadhuguna where several problems have occurred in the computer network system either from the system or from the user. The problem that occurs to the user is that the full access to the internet network that is obtained is often used for several things that are outside the work limit, often used to access a website that can make work neglected even to access a website that smells of ponography, other problems are less the effectiveness of the running computer network system. To overcome the above problems, a study was carried out to improve the computer network system that was running above, it was proposed to use a computer network security based on the Untangle application and change the computer network scheme that was running on Unisadhuguna. By using the network security method, the results obtained later by each computer is internet access which is regulated by the Untangle application, and the result is that the computer network security system will filter and block an application that is often used by users who are not related to work. Keywords: Computer Network, Untangle Application, client
Implementasi Model Prototype pada Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Donor pada Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) Kota Pontianak Berbasis Mobile
Authors: Firmansyah Yoki , Jayanti Wanty Eka , Maulana Muhammad Sony , Sasongko Agung , Prasetya Indra
Published: February 2022

Palang merah Indonesia (PMI) merupakan sebuah organisasi kemanusiaan salah satu unitnya adalah unit transfuse darah (UTD) sebagai pelayanan donor darah. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara ditemukan beberapa permasalahan diantaranya yaitu prosedur pendaftaran pendonor masih cukup rumit, dengan mengisi formulir, dan para calon pendonor harus datang langsung ke tempat donor, selain itu cara yang lama atau belum terkomputerisasi masih ditemukan dan akhirnya menghambat pelayanan Donor, maka dari itu dalam penelitian ini dibuatlah sebuah sistem informasi pelayanan donor darah untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Adapun sistem informasi dibuat dengan menggunakan model Prototype yang terdiri dari beberapa tahapan seperti mendengarkan kebutuhan, perencanaan dan pembuatan mock up.  Selain itu digunakan juda teknik pengumpulan data seperti observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Kedepannya akan ada 3 user yang akan menggunakan sistem informasi ini yaitu admin, kepala unit dan pendonor, sistem informasi yang dibuat yaitu berbasis mobile yang dapat diinstal dan dijalankan di perangkat yang berbasis Android, dengan harapan dapat memudahkan para pendonor dalam mendapatkan layanan di Palang merah Indonesia (PMI).
A Composition-Transferable Machine Learning Potential for LiCl-KCl Molten Salts Validated by HEXRD
Authors: Guo Jicheng , Ward Logan , Babuji Yadu , Hoyt Nathaniel , Williamson Mark , Foster Ian , Jackson Nicholas , Benmore Chris , sivaraman ganesh
Published: February 2022

Unraveling the liquid structure of multi-component molten salts is challenging due to the difficulty in conducting and interpreting high temperature diffraction experiments. Motivated by this challenge, we developed composition-transferable Gaussian Approximation Potentials (GAP) for molten LiCl-KCl. A DFT-SCAN accurate GAP is active learned from only ~1100 training configurations drawn from 10 unique mixture compositions enriched with metadynamics. The GAP-computed structures show strong agreement across HEXRD experiments, including for a eutectic not explicitly included in model training, thereby opening the possibility for composition discovery.
Chemical Synthesis of Human Selenoprotein F and Elucidation of Its Thiol-Disulfide Oxidoreductase Activity
Authors: Liao Peisi , Liu Hongmei , He Chunmao
Published: February 2022

Selenoprotein F (SelF) is an endoplasmic reticulum-residing eukaryotic protein that contains a selenocysteine (Sec) residue. It has been suggested to be involved in a number of physiological processes by acting as a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase, but the exact role has remained unclear due to the lack of a reliable production method. We document herein a robust synthesis of the human SelF through a three-segment two-ligation semisynthesis strategy. Highlighted in this synthetic route are the use of a mild desulfurization process to protect the side-chain of the Sec residue from being affected and the simultaneous removal of acetamidomethyl and p-methoxybenzyl protection groups by PdCl2, thus facilitating the synthesis of multi-milligram of homogenous SelF. The reduction potential of SelF was determined and the thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase activity was further supported by its ability to catalyze the reduction and isomerization of disulfide bonds.
Computational Evolution of High-Performing Unfused Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Greenstein Brianna , Hiener Danielle , Hutchison Geoffrey
Published: February 2022

Materials optimization for organic solar cells (OSCs) is a highly active field, with many approaches using empirical experimental synthesis, computational brute-force approaches to screen candidates in a given subset of chemical space, or generative machine learning methods which often require significant training sets. While these methods may find high- performing materials, they can be inefficient and time-consuming. Genetic algorithms (GAs) are an alternative approach, allowing for the "virtual synthesis" of molecules and a prediction of their “fitness” for some property, with new candidates suggested based on good characteristics of previously generated molecules. In this work, a GA is used to discover high-performing unfused non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) based on an empir- ical prediction of power conversion efficiency (PCE) and provides design rules for future work. The electron withdrawing/donating strength, as well as the sequence and symmetry of those units are examined. The utilization of a GA over a brute force approach resulted in speedups up to 1.8 × 1012. New types of units not frequently seen in OSCs are suggested, and in total 5,426 NFAs are discovered with the GA. Of these, 1,087 NFAs are predicted to have a PCE greater than 18%, which is roughly the current record efficiency. While the symmetry of the sequence showed no correlation with PCE, analysis of the sequence arrangement revealed that higher performance can be achieved with a donor core and ac- ceptor end groups. Future NFA designs should consider this strategy as an alternative to the current A-D-A′-D-A architecture.
Role of pharmacogenetic factors in the development of side effects of methotrexate in the treatment of malignant tumors: A review
Authors: Valiev Timur T. , Semenova Vera V. , Ikonnikova Anna Yu. , Petrova Alisa A. , Belysheva Tatiana S. , Nasedkina Tatiana V.
Published: February 2022

Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the main chemotherapeutic agents that has determined the high effectiveness of protocols for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The reverse side of the high anti-tumor activity of MTX is the adverse reactions, which require accompanying preventive therapy. But even modern accompanying therapy in some cases does not avoid severe toxicity from the skin and mucous membranes, nervous system, kidneys, liver. MTX pharmacokinetics exhibits significant individual variability, which may be a reflection of genetic variability. Numerous pharmacogenetic studies have evaluated the effect of polymorphism of various genes involved in MTX metabolism on MTX pharmacokinetics and the development of toxic manifestations in order to improve patient outcomes and decrease drug toxicity. This review presents impact of key metabolic MTX genes (ATIC, DHFR, GGH, FPGS, MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, TYMS) and transporter proteins genes (ABCB1, ABCG2, ABCC2, ABCC4, SLC19A1, SLCO1B1) in the development of MTX side effects. Polymorphic markers in SLCO1B1 gene have the most influence with MTX pharmacokinetic.
Influence of retroelements on oncogenes and tumor suppressors in carcinogenesis: A review
Authors: Mustafin Rustam N.
Published: February 2022

Analysis of scientific literature data has revealed several ways in which retrotransposons, when activated, are involved in carcinogenesis. First, retroelements can encode oncogenic proteins. For example, the Np9 protein is translated from HERV-K endogenous retrovirus transcript. Second, retroelements are used as alternative promoters of protooncogenes. Accordingly, their activation contributes to the enhanced expression of oncogenes (e.g. CSF1R, IRF5, MET, RAB3IP, CHRM3). Third, retroelements are located in the introns of some genes, and upon their activation, they form chimeric transcripts, such as LTR2-FABP7, LTR-ALK, LTR-ERBB4, LINE1-MET, which have pronounced oncogenic activity. Fourth, retroelements are transposed into tumor suppressor genes (e.g. APC, NF1, MSH2, PTEN, RB1, TSC2, STK11, VHL) and inactivate them, which is associated with the presence of hot spots of insertional mutagenesis in them. As a result, the growth of tumors and the survival of their cells are stimulated. It is important to note that protein products of tumor suppressor genes, such as TP53, RB1, VHL, BRCA1, ATM, are characterized by the ability to inhibit the activity of retroelements. Accordingly, when even one oncosuppressive gene is inactivated, a kind of "vicious circle" can be triggered when the control of expression of retroelements is weakened. The latter, in turn, inactivate other tumor suppressors containing hot spots of insertional mutagenesis. This stimulates new pathways of carcinogenesis and the production of oncogenes associated with transposons. Thus, it is possible to explain in a new way the mechanisms of tumor formation in hereditary tumor syndromes. This is due to the fact that the weakening of the function of an oncosuppressor in a germinal heterozygous mutation may be sufficient to trigger a vicious circle involving retroelements, oncogenes and other oncosuppressors. Similar mechanisms are likely for sporadic malignant tumors. However, the initiating event in them can be the direct activation of transposons under the influence of stressors, chemical and physical carcinogens. In addition to the events described, activation of retroelements causes genomic instability, which contributes to complex genomic rearrangements often observed in malignant tumors. MicroRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, the sources of which are retroelements, also play an important role in the evolution of tumors. Their study is promising for the development of targeted therapy for neoplasms.
Activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR cascade in uterine leiomyosarcoma: a retrospective study of 31 patients
Authors: Rozonova Olga A. , Artamonova Elena V. , Kozlov Nikolai A. , Delektorskaya Vera V. , Egorova Angelina V. , Stilidi Ivan S.
Published: February 2022

Background. Taking into account the literature data, the activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR cascade plays a role in the development of leiomyosarcoma (LMS), and the expression of markers of this signaling pathway in the tumor is associated with a more aggressive course of the disease. In addition, there is some data on the effective use of mTOR inhibitors in LMS.
Aim. To study the frequency of expression of mTOR and phospho-mTOR markers in relapse of high-grade uterine LMS and to evaluate the effect of phospho-mTOR expression on the immediate and long-term results of the use of doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy regimens and the combination of gemcitabine + docetaxel.
Materials and methods. The study included 31 patients with high-grade uterine LMS operated on for relapse. IHC was performed using mTOR and phospho-mTOR antibodies on ready-made histological preparations of the surgical material. The expression level of these markers was estimated as a percentage from 0 to 100%. The immediate and long-term results of the most commonly used drug treatment regimens (doxorubicin-containing regimens and gemcitabine + docetaxel combinations) were analyzed depending on the level of phospho-mTOR expression in the tumor.
Results. The expression of mTOR in the tumor was detected in 4 patients with an expression level from 1 to 2%, and the expression of phospho-mTOR was detected in 20 patients with an expression level from 1 to 70%. Median OS in the group without phospho-mTOR expression was 135 months, in the group with expression 104 months, p=0.732. When using doxorubicin-containing regimens in the group with phospho-mTOR expression, 12% of patients had a partial response (PR), median PFS was 26.7 months, in the group without expression there was no PR, median PFS was 8.7 months, p=0.67. When using a combination of gemcitabine + docetaxel, in the group with phospho-mTOR expression, 24% of patients had PR, median PFS was 11.1 months, in the group without expression, 14% of patients had PR, median PFS was 12.4 months, p=0.372.
Conclusion. Phospho-mTOR expression was detected in 2/3 of patients with high-grade uterine LMS. There was no effect of the expression of this marker on the OS of all included patients and on PFS in patients who received chemotherapy according to the gemcitabine + docetaxel regime. There was a tendency to an increase in PFS in the group with phospho-mTOR expression in patients who received doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy regimens.
Comparative analysis results of surgical treatment, chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy with assessment of prognostic factors in cervical esophageal cancer
Authors: Radzhabova Zamira Ah.-G. , Kotov Maxim A. , Girshovich Michail M. , Ponomareva Olga I. , Tkachenko Elena V. , Mitrofanov Alexander S. , Radzhabova Madina A. , Levchenko Evgeniy V.
Published: February 2022

Aim. To analyze the results of treatment and prognostic factors of survival in patients with cervical esophageal cancer (CEC) who received surgical treatment, chemoradiation therapy and chemotherapy.
Materials and methods. The retrospective study included patients with a verified diagnosis of CEC treated at the Petrov National Medicine Research Center of Oncology from 2009 to 2018 and divided into three treatment groups: surgical treatment, chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy. The endpoints of the study were overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS).
Results. Ninety-seven patients were included in the study: 48 in the surgical group, 30 in the chemoradiotherapy group and 17 patients in the chemotherapeutic treatment group. The average age of patients was 59.210.4 years. The median OS in the surgical group was 39.1 months, in the chemoradiotherapy group 23.9 months and 8.9 months in the chemotherapy group; the overall 3-year survival rate was 51.0% (95% CI 36.471.7), 44.9% (95% CI 26.974.9) and 26.0% (95% CI 9.968.2), respectively. The overall 5-year survival rate for the surgical group and the chemoradiotherapy group was 40.0% (95% CI 25.862.0), and 44.9% (95% CI 26.974.9), respectively. The presence of coronary heart disease is associated with a significant decrease in OS. The median disease-free survival in the surgical group was 19 months, in the chemoradiotherapy group 11.5 months and 3.4 months in the chemotherapy group; the relapse-free 3-year survival rates were 44.1% (95% CI 30.264.4), 25.0% (95% CI 11.753.4) and 14.3% (95% CI 4.051.5), respectively. The relapse-free 5-year survival rate for the surgical treatment group and the chemoradiotherapy group was 34.6% (95% CI 21.655.3), and 25.0% (95% CI 11.753.4). The presence of peptic ulcer disease was statistically significantly associated with higher overall and RFS regardless of the treatment received.
Conclusion. In our study, surgical treatment of the CEC showed better overall and RFS rates compared with chemoradiotherapy. The presence of coronary heart disease and peptic ulcer disease are prognostic factors for overall and RFS.
Preliminary assessment of the possibility of using urokinase uPA and urokinase receptor uPAR as universal diagnostic criteria in patients with colorectal and gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Klimovich Polina S. , Rubina Ksenia A. , Mironov Nikita A. , Kakotkin Viktor V. , Oleynikova Nina A. , Mal`kov Pavel G. , Kubyshkin Valery A. , Galliamov Eduard A. , Agapov Mikhail A. , Semina Ekaterina V.
Published: February 2022

Background. Lack of universal diagnostic parameters that can accurately and reliably diagnose presence of a malignant neoplasm, anticancer drug effectiveness or metastasis development including dormant ones and also to detect the progression or relapse of the disease at an early stage put on the first place studies related to the identification of such markers. Increased secretion and activity of the urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA), its receptor (uPAR) accompany many types of malignant neoplasms, contributing their progression and metastasis, as well as the emergence of chemoresistance. So today these proteins are promising diagnostic targets in oncology.
Aim. To evaluate the diagnostic significance of the expression levels of uPA and uPAR in blood serum of patients with colorectal and gastric adenocarcinoma and uPA/uPAR distribution in samples obtained from the primary tumor node, to assess the possibility of their use as universal diagnostic indicators in cancer patients at the stage of primary treatment.
Materials and methods. The study included patients with colorectal and gastric adenocarcinoma in the amount of 50 people and 25 healthy volunteers. The content of uPA and uPAR in blood serum was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the level of expression of the studied proteins in tumor tissue was assessed using immunohistochemical staining with antibodies to uPA and uPAR.
Results. It was found that in comparison with healthy donors uPA serum concentration was significantly higher in all patients with adenocarcinoma, regardless of gender, and the uPAR content in the blood serum was significantly higher in women. Immunohistochemical staining data showed that the expression of these two proteins in tumor tissue significantly exceeds their expression in normal tissue.
Conclusion. Based on the obtained data the possibility of using uPA in blood serum as a universal diagnostic criterion in patients with colorectal and gastric adenocarcinoma regardless of gender was shown and uPAR in female patients.
Disseminated Kaposi sarcoma with osseous metastases in patients with HIV infection. Case report
Authors: Ognerubov Nikolai A. , Antipova Tatyana S.
Published: February 2022

Background. Kaposi sarcoma is a low-grade vascular tumor affecting blood and lymphatic vessels associated with the human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8). As a rule, the skin of the lower extremities is involved in the process first of all, and then other organs and lymph nodes are involved. There are 4 various types of the disease with different clinical picture: the classic, the endemic, the epidemic and immunosuppression subtype. The epidemic subtype is the most common and has the most aggressive course, with specific lesions of a multiple kind, including the skin, mucous membrane layers, the lymph nodes, the gastrointestinal tract, the lungs and the spleen. Osseous metastases are extremely rare.
Aim. Show the case of Kaposi sarcoma with osseous metastases in patient with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Results. We observed a 43-year-old patient with HIV infection and stage 4b Kaposi sarcoma against the background of the irregular antiretroviral therapy in the progression stages. The duration of the anamnesis was 32 months. The clinical debut of the cancer process was noted with skin lesions on the shoulder. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of skin biopsies showed the morphological picture of Kaposi sarcoma. HHV-8 was expressed in tumor cells. During the endoscopic examination the lesions of oral mucosa, stomach and proximal colon were confirmed morphologically, and spiral computed tomography of the chest revealed the lesions in the lungs. On this point, the patients received oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy and aetoposidum for 6 months and against the background of this treatment we observed the disease progression associated with the involvement of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, the left adrenal gland and the penis. Circumcision was performed in the case associated with the involvement of the penis. The treatment was continued. The lytic left iliac bone lesion, the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, the iliac lymph node groups, as well as the left inguinal lymph nodes, the left adrenal gland and the lungs were characterized by a high F-18 FDG uptake after 3 months of the treatment, according to the results of Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT).
Conclusion. Kaposi sarcoma in patients with HIV infection had an aggressively course with disseminated skin lesions and internal organ involvement, including bones as showed in this clinical case. In this case, the axial skeleton was more commonly involved. PET/CT is a diagnostic imaging method in the differential diagnosis and determination of the prevalence of the cancer process.
Personal Statement From the Editor
Authors: Taylor Leanne
Published: February 2022

Personal statement from the editor.
Grounding Architecture: Unnatural Niemeyer
Authors: Comas Carlos Eduardo , Almeida Marcos
Published: February 2022

Among the many definitions of nature, one is particularly relevant for architecture: the physical world that exists independently of mankind but includes man in its list of creatures. Among the relationships between architecture and this world that mankind inhabites and transforms, two are particularly relevant for understanding the work of Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer (1907-2012) and its legacy. One comes from situation, involving pre-existing conditions and the desired outcomes of their transformation. The other feeds on emulation of known forms. In academic terms, one impacts primarily on architectural composition, the definition of the correct anatomy and physiology of buildings, while the other impacts primarily on characterization, the definition of a distinctive physiognomy properly correlated with the building's anatomy and physiology. Niemeyer was educated at ENBA- the Escola Nacional de Belas Artes in Rio, created in1826 after the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. A close reading of his works belies the widespread association of his work with fusing nature and architecture and reveals a far more complex attitude.
JAVIER PÉREZ HERRERAS (coord.) - Arquitectura como Naturaleza. De la Geografía a la Anatomía
Authors: Tárrago Mingo Jorge
Published: February 2022

Javier Pérez Herreras (coord.)Arquitectura como Naturaleza. De la Geografía a la Anatomía / Architecture as Nature. From Geography to AnatomyZaragoza: Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza, 2021. 134 pp. Tapa blanda. Idioma: español e inglés. 19 €ISBN 978-84-1340-249-9
Determinants of the capital structure of small and medium enterprises: Empirical evidence in the public works and hydraulics sector from Algeria
Authors: Hacini Ishaq , Mohammedi Khadra , Dahou Khadra
Published: February 2022

This study aims to identify the determinants of the capital structure of SMEs in Algeria during the period 2010-2018. Where a sample consists of 20 SMEs from the Public Works and Hydraulics sector. The study used financial leverage as the dependent variable and assets structure, profitability, liquidity, and size as independent variables. The study used Panel Data methods for testing the hypothesis. The results show that profitability, liquidity, and assets structure are negatively related to financial leverage, while size does not affect the financial leverage. The results indicate that SMEs in Algeria rely on their internal resources to finance their activities.
A prospective multicentre screening study on multidrug-resistant organisms in intensive care units in the Dutch–German cross-border region, 2017 to 2018: the importance of healthcare structures
Authors: Glasner Corinna , Berends Matthijs S , Becker Karsten , Esser Jutta , Gieffers Jens , Jurke Annette , Kampinga Greetje , Kampmeier Stefanie , Klont Rob , Köck Robin , von Müller Lutz , al Naemi Nashwan , Ott Alewijn , Ruijs Gijs , Saris Katja , Tami Adriana , Voss Andreas , Waar Karola , van Zeijl Jan , Friedrich Alex W
Published: February 2022

Background

Antimicrobial resistance poses a risk for healthcare, both in the community and hospitals. The spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) occurs mostly on a local and regional level, following movement of patients, but also occurs across national borders.

Aim

The aim of this observational study was to determine the prevalence of MDROs in a European cross-border region to understand differences and improve infection prevention based on real-time routine data and workflows.

Methods

Between September 2017 and June 2018, 23 hospitals in the Dutch (NL)–German (DE) cross-border region (BR) participated in the study. During 8 consecutive weeks, patients were screened upon admission to intensive care units (ICUs) for nasal carriage of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and rectal carriage of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium/E. faecalis (VRE), third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (3GCRE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). All samples were processed in the associated laboratories.

Results

A total of 3,365 patients were screened (median age: 68 years (IQR: 57–77); male/female ratio: 59.7/40.3; NL-BR: n = 1,202; DE-BR: n = 2,163). Median screening compliance was 60.4% (NL-BR: 56.9%; DE-BR: 62.9%). MDRO prevalence was higher in DE-BR than in NL-BR, namely 1.7% vs 0.6% for MRSA (p = 0.006), 2.7% vs 0.1% for VRE (p < 0.001) and 6.6% vs 3.6% for 3GCRE (p < 0.001), whereas CRE prevalence was comparable (0.2% in DE-BR vs 0.0% in NL-BR ICUs).

Conclusions

This first prospective multicentre screening study in a European cross-border region shows high heterogenicity in MDRO carriage prevalence in NL-BR and DE-BR ICUs. This indicates that the prevalence is probably influenced by the different healthcare structures.
Mit Entsetzen Scherz. Die Zeit des Tragikomischen
Authors: Dorschel Andreas
Published: February 2022

Andreas Dorschel richtet die Aufmerksamkeit auf das Verhältnis zur Zeit: Komisches ist im Moment zuhause, Tragisches beschreibt einen großen Bogen. In seiner Studie schlägt er vor, Tragikomisches aus der Perspektive einer Poetik zu erfassen, mithilfe der Kategorien ›Ironie‹, ›Intervention‹ und ›Travestie‹. Inwiefern diese Aufschluss geben, erkundet der Autor an Beispielen aus der Antike, der Frühen Neuzeit und der Moderne: Euripides’ »Bakchai« (erstmals aufgeführt 405 v. Chr.), Shakespeares »Tragedy of King Lear« (gedruckt 1623) und Kafkas »Der Process« (verfasst 1914/15). Das Augenmerk, welches diese erste philosophische Monographie zur Frage der Tragikomik auf die Literatur lenkt, schließt nicht aus, dass es auch im Leben manchmal tragikomisch zugeht. Doch dessen Konstellationen zeigen sich tragikomisch wohl erst dann, wenn auf sie in bestimmten Weisen geblickt wird, die ›poetisch‹ zu nennen sind.
Моніторинг поширення Salvinia natans (l.) all в річці Tурія в межах міста Kовель
Authors: Kotsun Larysa , Radzii Volodymyr , Kotsun Borys
Published: February 2022

Salvinia natans (L.) All. – вид, що охороняється на міжнародному рівні: включений до Додатку І Бернської конвенції про охорону дикої фауни і флори, Європейського червоного списку (категорія NT Near Threatened), списку МСОП (категорія Least Concern). На національному рівні вид охоронявся до 2021 року (третє видання ЧКУ), з 2021 року вилучений з ЧКУ четвертого ви-дання. За результатами досліджень з’ясовано, що вид масово поширюється в річці Турія, утворює суцільні килими з проективним покриттям 100 %. В межах планової діяльності за даними дистанційного зондування оселище S. natans локалізовано на площі 0,09 га. Виявлено, що початок вегетації виду розпочався з середини липня і тривав до початку жовтня. Планована діяльність на те-риторії заплави не становить загрози для існування популяції S. natans.
Technological and rheological bases for molding pasta in press houses with preliminary two-stage compaction, plasticization and warming of dough
Authors: Grudanov V. Ya. , Torgan A. B. , Barsukov V. G.
Published: February 2022

One of efficient directions for pasta press designs modernization is installation of special conical-andcylindrical inserts in the pre-matrix space and matrix wells in front of the dies having, like Venturi tubes, narrowing zones (convergent), expansion (divergent) and a cylindrical path located between them. However, rheological aspects of such method of forming tool modernizing in relation to pasta presses have not been studied, recommendations for structural elements calculation and design have not been developed. All this is a significant obstacle for using the method in engineering and industrial practice. The research purpose is to develop rheological models the pasta dough flow in the conical-cylindrical channels of convergent-divergent inserts and to evaluate with their help the impact of structural dimensions and rheological properties on resistance to pasta dough flow. Pasta dough was considered as a rheological complex nonlinearly viscous plastic material. In technical calculations contribution of shear strength was neglected and a rheological analysis was performed using the Oswald-de-Ville power law equation. Analytical dependences obtained make it possible to calculate the pressure drops in the convergent-divergent insert and its elements. Numerical modeling was performed and calculated data were obtained regarding the impact of dimensions of structural elements of the insert and rheological parameters of pasta dough on its resistance to viscous flow. The results obtained can form the basis of engineering and technological calculations in design of convergent-divergent inserts for laboratory and industrial pasta presses.
Evolution of the theory and practices of human capital management in the agricultural sector
Authors: Ganush G. I. , Tsetsiarynets T. A.
Published: February 2022

Human capital is a factor and a result of the agrarian economy development at the same time, which determines peculiarities of its formation and use. Managing the development of human capital in agricultural sector of the economy is a complex problem, requiring development of theoretical, methodological and practical recommendations in order to ensure food security, improve in competitiveness of agricultural products and living standards of the rural population, stimulate innovative activities and innovative development of agro-industrial complex, and ensuring the growth rate of agricultural labor productivity. Social and economic, technical and technological and institutional transformations in the agricultural sector contribute to the emergence of scientific schools, defining theoretical directions and methodological approaches of management. Aggregation of conducted researches and refracting them into the plane of agro-industrial production makes it possible to identify the main stages of transformation of conceptual aspects of human capital management, depending on the stages of social and economic and technical and technological development of the agricultural sector. Study of genesis and evolution of human capital management allows to substantiate a single concept, revealing features of transformation of theoretical and methodological ideas about this process within the framework of scientific paradigm corresponding to a certain historical stage in society development. Considering the previous stages, this makes it possible to develop the concept of the essence, content and structure of human capital, taking into account industry specifications, to determine the features of its management in the agricultural sector.
Factors affecting the level of Fusarium mycotoxins in grain. Vestsі Natsyyanal’nay akademіі navuk Belarusі
Authors: Krupenko N. A. , Zhukovsky A. G. , Khalaev A. N. , Komarаva N. V. , Pochitskaya I. M.
Published: February 2022

Mycotoxins accumulation in grain is one of the most widely analyzed problem nowadays, as soon as these metabolites are of high danger to health of warm-blooded animals and humans. Producing mycotoxins with Fusarium fungi beaing causal agents of Fusarium head blight, depends on range of factors, and among measures for their accumulation decrease, chemical method is one of the most effective ones. The paper presents the results of study on factors affecting mycotoxins accumulation under the field conditions. During the experiment with artificial inoculation of winter wheat heads by F. culmorum fungi, the influence of triazole fungicides on Fusarium head blight and mycotoxins content had been estimated. Higher biological efficiency (83,2-79,2 %) for disease severity decrease was higher with fungicide Osiris, EC. Use of fungicides led to increase in indicators of economic efficiency in comparison with the option with no treatment, including the yield, by 12.3-12.8%. In the variants with head protection, the DON content was 2.0-2.1 times lower than in the control. Under conditions of natural damage to various varieties of grain crops (winter wheat and triticale, spring barley) by Fusarium head blight, its depressive manifestation had been determined. It had been determined that spring barley, regardless of the variety, was more resistant to accumulation of mycotoxins, in particular ZEN. Level of mycotoxins in winter wheat and triticale grain varied depending on variety and storage duration. The data obtained will serve as the basis for substantiating measures to reduce the level of mycotoxins in grain. Acknowledgments. The research was carried out with the financial support of the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research as a part of the scientific research project “Comprehensive assessment of mycotoxins accumulation during foodstuff storage” (treaty N Б19МЛДГ-009).
Organizational and economic mechanism of balanced development of the vegetable market in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Kireyenka N. V. , Arnatovich M. A.
Published: February 2022

Formation of a competitive national economy in the Republic of Belarus in conditions of international economic relations should be based on a stably functioning and well-developed system of commodity markets, with food market taking a key place in their structure. One of the most important segments of the latter is the vegetable market, which is developing dynamically at the present stage, providing population with valuable food products, and industry - with raw materials for processing. At the same time, specificity of domestic vegetable market of the Republic of Belarus in the context of ensuring national food security is determined by new tasks, objectively generated by the development of modern trends in domestic and global agricultural economy. The paper substantiates theoretical foundations of the mechanism of its balanced development in the food supply system, which contain scientific approaches, conditions and factors of the internal and external market environments, as well as modern trends in the vegetable market and its main segments in foreign countries. In the context of national food security, new directions of organizational and economic mechanism for the vegetable market functioning, effective measures of economic regulation of production and sale of products based on international rules, a mechanism of marketing support for domestic producers have been developed. Scientific novelty of this development lies in application of an integrated approach to balancing the vegetable market, increasing efficiency of the subjects functioning in the value chain and ensuring competitiveness of these products in the domestic and foreign markets. These developments can be used to substantiate the priority directions for development of food markets, as well as to fulfill medium- and longterm forecasts of provision level of the population of the republic with vegetable products. Acknowledgments. The research was carried out within the framework of the State Research Program “Agricultural Technologies and Food Security” for 2021-2025, subprogram 9.7 “Economy of agro-industrial complex”.
Optimal rates for feeding front for cows during the milking and midlactation period when contained at dairy complexes of the industrial type
Authors: Shamonina A. I.
Published: February 2022

Technology should combine into a single production process biotechnical methods of stimulating the development of functional capabilities and increasing the adaptive abilities of animals with zootechnical techniques that provide comfortable conditions and preservation of the existing stereotype of housing throughout the entire technological cycle, which makes it possible to exclude unjustified losses in productivity and contributes to more complete manifestation of genetic potential. Therefore, search is required for such technological solutions that would not interfere with the animal body, but, on the contrary, would have a stimulating nature. At all stages of the productive life of animals, searches are needed to develop new and improve existing technologies that would best meet the physiological needs of the body. The paper presents the results of researches aimed to establish the optimal feeding front for lactating cows during the period of milk production and mid-lactation. It has been determined that comfortable ethological signs, expressed in the indices of food, motor and general activity, were manifested during the period of milk production in cows with a feeding front of 0.60-0.65 m/animal. These animals showed higher indicators of milk yield. For cows in the mid-lactation, the optimal feeding front was 0.45-0.50 m/animals. It allows to create more comfortable conditions for cows during the main lactation period, which contributes to more complete implementation of the genetic potential of dairy performance. The research results can be used in design and construction of industrial dairy complexes.
Penggerombolan Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia Berdasarkan Indikator Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Menggunakan Metode K-Means dan Fuzzy C-Means
Authors: Hanniva . , Kurnia Anang , Rahardiantoro Septian , Mattjik Ahmad Ansori
Published: February 2022

The achievement of the human development index in Indonesia differs between regions with striking gaps occurring in the western and eastern parts of Indonesia. This difference in achievement can be seen more clearly by grouping regencies/municipalities in Indonesia based on the four indicators of the human development index. With this aim, this study uses the k-means and fuzzy c-means methods to determine the optimal cluster size with two distance approaches, namely the Euclidean and Manhattan distances on the human development index indicators data in 2020. In addition, this study also seeks to identify the distribution of  regencies/municipalities based on the characteristics of the human development index indicators in the clustering result. The result is that the best distance measure is Euclidean distance with optimal cluster size is four for k-means and six for fuzzy c-means. In addition, the clustering results obtained by the k-means method are more optimal than the fuzzy c-means because the evaluation value is better. In general, the four clusters formed were in accordance with the grouping carried out by BPS with the percentage of conformity reaching 66,54%. In summary, most regencies/municipalities on the Island of Sumatera, Java, Borneo and Sulawesi have higher life expectancy and percapita expenditure than many regencies/municipalities in the Nusa Tenggara Islands (besides Bali), Moluccas and Papua. Very high achievement for each HDI indicators is dominated by the capital city of each province with unfavorable conditions occurring in most regencies/municipalities in Papua Province.