bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promises and Challenges of Medical Patient Healthcare Portals in Underserved Communities
Authors: Lee Diane C. , Gefen David
Published: August 2019

As a safety-net medical center that serves many underserved communities, Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia (EMCP) faces many challenges in providing healthcare to its communities. To improve those services, EMCP has released a new IT healthcare portal (app). This chapter describes some of the promises and challenges EMCP is currently facing in their attempts to convince communities in its catchment area to adopt that healthcare portal. The challenges are discussed in the contexts of poor social determinants of health (SDOH), unique social factors, as well as the importance of managing community trust in EMCP within the broader contexts of underserved communities of which the new portal is only part of the story. This is not a typical case of IT adoption. The challenges at hand are not only technical but to a large degree social, dealing in part with issues of cultural diversity, perceived lack of respect, and poor health literacy.
Use of a Mobile App by Older People in an Integrated Care Setting
Authors: Azaria Bella , Kaye Rachelle , Ron Reut , Chen Ofer , Bar-Ilan Michal , Zlatkin Alona Sigalov , Rotlevi Erela , Yeshayahu Michal , Roca Josep , Cano Isaac , Baltaxe Erik , de Batlle Jordi , Torres Gerard , Lahr Maarten
Published: August 2019

The current study analyzes the information collected and the lessons learned during the first six months of the CONNECARE project in Israel, in order to assess the use of the mobile technology by patients, their motivations and obstacles; as well as their satisfaction. As of the middle of February 2019, 59 patients were recruited and 18 discharged from the project and completed the feedback questionnaires. Based on preliminary data presented in this chapter, as measured against the McGaughey et al. Research Framework, it can be concluded that the usage of the CONNECARE mobile platform can be rated as moderate. The analysis together with insights from the literature, suggest that usage of the CONNECARE app could be improved by introducing additional features that would increase patients' motivation to use the system as well as its full integration into usual healthcare processes.
Impact of Information Technology on Patient Confidentiality Rights
Authors: Elgujja Abba Amsami
Published: August 2019

Advances in information technology, be it by way of social media or use of the electronic medical information systems, has changed the way we deal with patient confidential information. The hitherto clear professional relationship with the patient has been blurred using social media, just like the unprecedented rate at which electronic health information is used to access and share patient's confidential information among healthcare professionals. However, given the special professional relationship of confidence which traditionally bonds the healthcare practitioner with the patient, use of these technologies by the healthcare professionals portends the risk of breach of that duty of confidentiality. Although the patient's right to demand confidentiality of his information is not absolute, an unlawful breach could result in a crime, actionable tort, or become a subject of disciplinary action. This chapter undertakes a general review of the benefits and dangers of embracing these new information technologies and their impact on the confidentiality of sensitive health data.
The Effect of Consumers' Individual Factors and Perceptions on Private Label Purchase Behavior
Authors: Özhan Şeniz , Akkaya Duygu Talih , Habiboglu Ozge
Published: August 2019

The aim of this chapter was to examine the effect of individual factors (price consciousness, quality consciousness, value consciousness, frugality, and risk aversion) and consumer perceptions regarding store characteristics on the attitude and purchase intention towards private label products. The data acquired from consumers shopping from two supermarkets providing private label products in the province of Yalova in Turkey via face-to-face questionnaire method were tested by way of structural equation modeling. It was observed as a result of the analysis that quality consciousness, value consciousness, price image, and product variety image have an effect on the attitude towards private label products. It was also determined that the attitude towards private label products has an effect on purchase intention and that the private label product purchase intention is effective on actual purchasing. Based on the aforementioned findings, strategies were taken into consideration that should be adopted by private label product retailers in their stores.
Genus Delplanqueia Leraut, 2001 and D. inscriptella (Duponchel, 1836) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) in Italy
Authors: Pinzari M. , Pinzari M.
Published: August 2019

To verify the presence in Italy of Delplanqueia inscriptella, today accepted as a separate species from D. dilutella, we carried out the study of the historical collections of Carlo Prola and Federico Hartig and new material that was recently collected in central Italy. Both species are present in continental Italy and Sicily while only D. inscriptella in Sardinia. The bibliographic reconstruction and the examination of the Hartig’s specimens that revealed the presence of Delplanqueia cortella, for a long time considered a corso-sardinian endemism, is not reflected: the specimens in Hartig’s collection with P. cortella placement are indeed Pempeliella matilella.
A novel ready-to-use dry-reagent polymerase chain reaction for detection of Escherichia coli & Shigella species
Authors: Mishra Mukti Nath , Kulkarni Raghavendra D. , Mohanraj Jeevanandam , Nisshanthini S. Durairaju , Ajantha G.S. , Chandrasekhar Arun , Kenge Prachee , Bhat Shama
Published: August 2019

Background & objectives:

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has wide acceptance for rapid identification of pathogens and also for diagnosis of infectious conditions. However, because of economic and expertise constraints, a majority of small or peripheral laboratories do not use PCR. The objective of the present study was to develop a dry-reagent PCR assay as an alternative to conventional PCR to assess its applicability in routine laboratory practice using malB gene for identification of Escherichia coli as a model.

Methods:

A total of 184 isolates were selected for the study comprising clinical isolates of E. coli and non-E. coli including Shigella sp. and a few other control strains. The DNA was isolated from all the isolates. The isolated DNA as well as the overnight grown bacterial cultures were subjected to both conventional wet PCR and dry-reagent PCR.

Results:

The genomic DNA isolated from E. coli showed amplification of malB gene in both conventional wet and dry-reagent PCR and the band was observed at 491 bp. In dry-reagent PCR, the overnight grown E. coli cells also showed positive result. The non-E. coli strains other than Shigella sp. showed negative in both conventional wet and dry-reagent PCR. Shigella sp. showed positive in both conventional wet and dry-reagent PCR.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Considering the elimination of genomic DNA isolation step, and similar results with the conventional wet PCR, dry-reagent PCR may be a good alternative for the conventional wet PCR.
Jagdish Chandra Bose & plant neurobiology
Authors: Tandon Prakash Narain
Published: August 2019

When Jagdish Chandra Bose, a renowned physicist, devoted himself entirely to research in the field of plant physiology post his superannuation at Presidency University, Kolkata, India (earlier known as Presidency College, Calcutta), it came as a surprise to many. The research on plant nervous system by JC Bose during this period was pioneering in nature, being recognized by recent plant biologists globally as the first in the field. His findings were so revolutionary at the time of their proclamation that these aroused disbelief and contradiction. Surprisingly, not many at that time took up such investigations and once accepted with reluctance, there was practically very little activity in the field for the next several decades. More than a hundred years later, recent advances in molecular biology, genomics, ecology and neurophysiology have led to renewed interest resulting in a flurry of activity, confirming most of Bose's observations. The present review describes this pioneering scientist's work and his immense contribution in the emergence of the discipline now designated as ‘Plant Neurobiology’.
Feedback on remediation techniques and presentation of innovative solutions
Authors: Atteia Olivier , Jousse Florie , Essouayed Elyess , Labarchède Agnès , Portois Clément , Cohen Grégory
Published: August 2019

In situ remediation techniques for groundwater pollution are quite diverse. However, the success of these is often random. The first part of the article will focus, from a literature review and some examples, to determine the parameters that unfortunately lead to a low efficacy of treatment. This point will be supplemented by an analysis of the feedback on treatments at the pilot scale. The limits are generally related to the heterogeneity of the geological formations but also to a poor targeting of the laboratory analyses or to a poor monitoring of the rehabilitation. In a second part we will examine recent progress to maximize the effectiveness of in situ treatments. At first, we emphasize diagnostic techniques that make it possible to target the flow of pollutants. Following a general presentation of innovative techniques, we will particularly present an original technique : the injection of foam to block the porosity of around a source area.

Les techniques de réhabilitation in situ des pollutions en nappes souterraines (source ou panache) sont très variées. Cependant le succès de celles-ci est souvent aléatoire. La première partie de la présentation s’attachera, à partir d’une revue bibliographique et de quelques exemples, à déterminer les paramètres qui conduisent souvent à une faible efficacité du traitement. Ce point sera complété d’une analyse du retour d’expérience sur des pilotes de traitement. Les limites sont généralement liées à l’hétérogénéité des formations géologiques mais aussi à un mauvais ciblage des analyses préparatoires ou à des faiblesses dans le suivi de la réhabilitation. Dans une deuxième partie nous examinerons les progrès récents visant à maximiser l’efficacité des traitements in situ. En premier lieu il s’agit de techniques de diagnostic qui permettent de cibler les flux de polluants. Et dans le cadre des techniques innovantes, nous présenterons particulièrement une technique originale : l’injection de mousse permettant de bloquer la porosité du milieu autour d’une zone source.
Potentials for Improving Financial Management Capacities in Serbian Public Administration
Authors: Spasenić Željko , Benkovic Sladjana , Dmitrović Veljko
Published: August 2019

In the process of joining the European Union the Republic of Serbia is expected to meet the requirements that are deemed to be universally accepted norms of social and government systems of member states. As part of that process, Serbia’s public administration, much less efficient than that of member states, is being transformed with a view to attaining the expected efficiency level. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the existing capacities of civil servants in the Republic of Serbia in the area of financial management and the potentials for their improvement. The paper is based on the results of a research conducted under the CBHE ERAMSUS+ project, on a sample of 231 civil servants in the Serbian public administration engaged on budgeting, financial control and internal audit in the period March – May 2017. Authors of the paper were actively involved in the project.
Constitutional and Legal Foundations for Local Self-Government in Montenegro
Authors: Jovicevic Marina
Published: August 2019

This paper discusses the arrangement of local self-government in Montenegro by the 2007 Constitution of Montenegro and a number of laws, in order to examine the contribution to the strenghtening of local self-government and compliance with the standards of the Council of Europe. Although required by those standards, the constitutional recognition of certain significant issues and principles of local self-government has been unaddressed, leading to failure in setting limitations to the legislature and in securing local self-government’ full autonomy. The regulation of such issues is left to the legislature, which sets a solid basis for both exercising and developing local self-government powers. However, in order to continue the process of decentralization, we believe that it is necessary to strengthen local self-government at the constitutional level. The paper points to some possible improvements.
The Transformation of the Municipal Social Benefit System in Hungary in the Last Decade
Authors: Hoffman István , Szatmári Andrea
Published: August 2019

The municipalities play a significant role in the field of  means-tested social benefits. Additional income benefits are primarily provided by local governments and these autonomous bodies have responsibility for several income replacement allowances. The Hungarian municipalities have strong social powers and duties, but their role is in a permanent transformation. The strongly decentralised system established in the early 1990s has been since centralised.  The result is a new model, a mixed system having evolved after 2015. The income replacement benefits have been centralised and the additional income allowances have become more decentralised. In this article, the impacts of this reform are analysed and it may be stated, that the aims of the legislators have only been partly fulfilled. The centralisation of the income replacement allowances has not significantly transformed the former accessibility, a satisfying accessibility was provided by the former, local-based model, as well. The decentralisation of the additional income benefits has widened the gap between the municipalities which have different resources. This gap is relatively significant related to the housing benefits.
Bribed into Cooperation: Subsidised Inter-municipal Cooperation in Slovenia
Authors: Bačlija Brajnik Irena , Prebilič Vladimir
Published: August 2019

Due to the extreme heterogeneity of municipal sizes resulting in a number of small municipalities that are struggling to meet regulatory demands and standards, Slovenia should be the poster child for inter-municipal cooperation. This, coupled with the absence of a second level of local government, should make for flourishing inter-municipal cooperation. This article demonstrates how sound arguments for the establishment of inter-municipal cooperation do not always achieve favourable results – as in a vibrant and productive web of inter-municipal dialogue and cooperation. It was only after significant governmental subsidies were implemented in Slovenia that the municipalities initiated a cooperation process; however, that process only extended to subsidised tasks. The results of the empirical analyses show that a bottom-up process might take too long a time, while a local government (legal) framework may inhibit cooperation due to the fear of losing authority over municipal tasks.
Local Governments and Political Question Doctrine in Hungary
Authors: Fazekas Janos
Published: August 2019

The main aim of this paper is to investigate a quite unexamined area: the relationship between political question doctrine and local governments in Hungary. The research focuses on the decisions of Hungarian courts and the Constitutional Court made on this matter. The paper takes under investigation some local governmental acts which have not been reviewed by any court. The main purpose of the research is to find out whether it is possible to take local governmental acts under efficient judicial review in Hungary?
Price Regulation of Public Water Services and the Consequences of its Centralisation for Hungarian Municipalities
Authors: Rozsnyai Krisztina F. , Kovács András György
Published: August 2019

The article demonstrates the role price regulation plays in local networked public services mainly focusing on the sector of public water utility services, but also touching on public waste management services. It investigates how and on what grounds these originally local public services became national public services. The article points out that centralisation of regulation, and in particular of price regulation without a simultaneous, well-considered opening of market cannot be effective, neither does it support the objectives of the Water Framework Directive. The article argues that these characteristics could already in the near future lead to severe failures of service provision necessitating further transformation of the sector.
The Influence of the European H2020 Program on the Development of Regions: The Multiplier Impact of EU Funding in the Regions under Horizon 2020 in NUT III - North
Authors: Silva Natacha Jesus , Ribeiro Diamantino
Published: August 2019

The partnership agreement between the European Union and the Member States for the implementation of the European Structural and Investment Funds for the period 2014 to 2020 is in its final phase. This study analyzes the multiplier impact on regional investment of the European funds made available to the northern region of Portugal - NUTS III, until September 2018 and intends to answer the following questions: What is the amount invested in the regional economy for each euro of support allocated by the EU through the H2020 program, and what is the percentage distribution of community support versus investment per area of intervention?
Liticteraturas: literatura além dos livros. O videolit
Authors: Cort Aleix
Published: August 2019

O projeto videolit é uma investigação e experimentação de uma linguagem artística que busca a hibridação entre palavra, arte e pensamento contemporâneo. Começa a partir de uma Bolsa de Investigação: La paraula pixelada (EADC, 2005) e abre para a colaboração de criadores da poesia, em várias plataformas, como a espinha dorsal. Neste projecto surge o Videolit, um formato visual que permite que você use a palavra como uma ferramenta criativa e material. O Videolit tem a vontade da transversalidade e é multidisciplinar ao explorar os limites da arte através das novas tecnologias, incorporando a poesia como uma semente criativa, salienta a importância da criação como uma fonte de entretenimento e instrumento de crescimento intelectual, defesa da literatura e expressão audiovisual como uma ferramenta para o desenvolvimento e a fixação de pensamento, permitindo trabalhar diferentes sistemas de representação a partir da articulação entre o trabalho individual e em grupos de três integrantes, que é retro-alimentável: criação, educação e divulgação, para mostrar que há poesia além dos livros e escritores.
Literatura eletrônica e suas origens. Um panorama
Authors: Di Rosario Giovanna , Grimaldi Kerri , Meza Nohelia
Published: August 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é esboçar as origens da literatura eletrônica e destacar alguns momentos importantes para traçar sua história. Ao fazê-lo, consideramos a variedade de idiomas, origens culturais, heranças culturais e contextos nos quais a literatura digital foi criada. O artigo está dividido em cinco seções: uma breve história da literatura eletrônica em geral (no entanto, devemos admitir que esta seção tem um ponto de vista muito etnocêntrico) e depois quatro outras seções divididas em norte-americana, latino-americana, européia (Rússia incluída), e Literatura Eletrônica Árabe. Devido à falta de informações, não há seção dedicada à Literatura Eletrônica na Ásia, embora alguns textos sejam mencionados. Estamos cientes dos limites dessa divisão e dos problemas que ela pode criar, no entanto, achamos que era a maneira mais fácil de mapear rapidamente as origens da literatura eletrônica e seu desenvolvimento em diferentes países e continentes. O artigo mostra como alguns países desenvolveram seu interesse e criação de literatura eletrônica quase simultaneamente, enquanto outros, apenas por causa de sua própria formação cultural e / ou contextos (também políticos e econômicos), só recentemente descobriram a literatura eletrônica, ou aceitaram-na como uma nova forma de gênero literário.
Fiscal Buffers for Natural Disasters in Pacific Island Countries
Authors: Nishizawa Hidetaka , Roger Scott , Zhang Huan
Published: August 2019

Pacific island countries (PICs) are vulnerable severe natural disasters, especially cyclones, inflicting large losses on their economies. In the aftermath of disasters, PIC governments face revenue losses and spending pressures to address post-disaster relief and recovery efforts. This paper estimates the effects of severe natural disasters on fiscal revenues and expenditure in PICs. These are combined with information on the frequency of large disasters to calculate the rate of budgetary savings needed to build appropriate fiscal buffers. Fiscal buffers provide self-insurance against natural disaster shocks and facilitate quick disbursement for recovery and relief efforts, and protection of spending on essential services and infrastructure. The estimates can provide a benchmark for policymakers, and should be adjusted to take into account other sources of financing, as well as budget risks from less severe as well as more frequent disasters.
Cross-Cutting Themes in Advanced Economies with Emerging Market Banking Links
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: August 2019

The most recent decade has seen a growing presence of banks headquartered in advanced economies (AEs) expanding into emerging markets (EMs). These expansions have brought some benefits to both home and host countries, but the global financial crisis has also unmasked significant vulnerabilities inherent in such relationships.

In keeping with past cross-cutting themes papers, this paper focuses on the experiences of four medium-sized ?home countries,? each with significant retail banking links to EMs—Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Spain. These countries were chosen because of their banks' diverse approaches to EM expansion (including the centralization of their funding models) and equally diverse crisis outcomes (fears over Eastern European exposures resulted in extraordinary policy efforts to maintain bank lending), providing fertile ground for analysis and for drawing lessons in the future.
Statement by the Managing Director on the Independent Evaluation Office Report on IMF Response to the Financial and Economic Crisis
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: August 2019

The Independent Evaluation Office (IEO) has produced a detailed report that provides valuable insights on how the IMF responded to the global financial and economic crisis. The analysis in the report is broadly balanced, and Managing Director welcomes the IEO’s finding that the IMF played an important role in the global response to the crisis, and broadly supports the report’s recommendations
Proposed New Grouping in WEO Country Classifications
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: August 2019

This note develops a definition of a new category of countries (Low Income Developing Countries (acronym: LIDCs)) that can be deployed to (a) facilitate enhanced coverage of low income country issues in the Fund’s flagship products and (b) serve as a standardized definition of the “low income country” universe in staff analytical work.1 While use of the proposed definition in analytical work would be encouraged, it would not be required.
Managing Capital Outflows - Further Operational Considerations
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: August 2019

The Guidance Note for the Liberalization and Management of Capital Flows (IMF 2013a) provides operational guidance to staff on the use of the Fund’s institutional view on the liberalization and management of capital flows (Box 1). It discusses appropriate policies with respect to the liberalization of capital flows and the management of disruptive capital inflows and outflows. With respect to capital outflows, the institutional view considers that capital flow management measures (CFMs) may be appropriate in crisis-type circumstances or, in the context of capital flow liberalization, if countries find that they have liberalized prematurely and are unable to handle the resulting capital flows. In non-crisis-type circumstances, the guidance considers outflows as being appropriately handled by macroeconomic, financial, and structural policies. It is intended to mirror the policy advice with respect to capital inflows. The guidance is, however, relatively brief and would benefit from some elaboration to lay out the possible configurations of policies in the context of the institutional view. This note seeks to provide such an elaboration, which is particularly relevant as capital outflows are becoming a more relevant policy challenge.
Managing Director’s Statement to the International Monetary and Financial Committee on Financing Sustainable Development—Key Policy Issues and the Role of the Fund
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: August 2019

2015 is a pivotal year—a year when the international community will commit to a shared vision on goals for international development through 2030 and beyond. Achieving these Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will require a partnership among advanced, emerging, and developing economies, and international institutions to ensure that the required policies are put in place and that sufficient private and public resources are mobilized.
The Fund, with its global membership and mandate at both the national and multilateral levels, is uniquely positioned to contribute to this compact and help implement it. As new deliverables, the IMF is considering:

1. Boosting the access to IMF resources provided to developing countries, better positioning them to handle balance of payments needs as they pursue growth;
2. Expanding diagnostic and capacity-building support for countries seeking to scale up investment to tackle infrastructure gaps;
3. Sharpening the focus of operational work on equity, inclusion, and gender, drawing on ongoing analysis and work of other institutions;
4. Increasing the focus on and resourcing of work on fragile/conflict-affected states;
5. Selective expansion of capacity-building efforts in the areas

Full text is also available in French and Spanish.
Enhancing the Effectiveness of External Support in Building Tax Capacity in Developing Countries
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: August 2019

This report responds to the February 2016 request from the G20 for the IMF, OECD, United Nations and World Bank Group to:
“…recommend mechanisms to help ensure effective implementation of technical assistance programs, and recommend how countries can contribute funding for tax projects and direct technical assistance, and report back with recommendations at our July meeting.”

The report has been prepared in the framework of the Platform for Collaboration on Tax (the “PCT”), under the responsibility of the Secretariats and Staff of the four mandated organizations. The report reflects a broad consensus among these staff, but should not be regarded as the officially endorsed views of those organizations or of their member countries.
Identifying persistent temperature inversion events in a subalpine basin using radon-222
Authors: Kikaj Dafina , Vaupotič Janja , Chambers Scott D.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. One year of meteorological and atmospheric radon
observations in a topographically complex subalpine basin are used to
identify persistent temperature inversion (PTI) events. PTI events play a
key role in public health due to the accumulation of urban pollutants that
they cause. Two techniques are compared: a new radon-based method (RBM),
based on single-height 222Rn measurements from a single
centrally located station, and an existing pseudo-vertical temperature
gradient method (TGM) based on observations from eight weather stations
around the subalpine basin. The RBM identified six PTI events (four in winter, two
in autumn), a subset of the 17 events identified by the TGM. The RBM was
more consistent in its identification of PTI events for all seasons and
more selective of persistent strongly stable conditions. The comparatively
poor performance of the TGM was attributed to seasonal inconsistencies in
the validity of the method's key assumptions (influenced by mesoscale
processes, such as local drainage flows, nocturnal jets, and intermittent
turbulence influence) and a lack of snow cover in the basin for the
2016–2017 winter period. Corresponding meteorological quantities for RBM
PTI events (constituting 27 % of the autumn–winter cold season) were
well characterized. PTI wind speeds in the basin were consistently low over
the whole diurnal cycle (typically 0.2–0.6 m s−1). Suitability of the
two techniques for air quality assessment was compared using hourly
PM10 observations. Peak PM10 concentrations for winter (autumn)
PTI events were underestimated by 13 µg m−3 (11 µg m−3) by the TGM compared with the RBM. Only the RBM indicated that
nocturnal hourly mean PM10 values in winter PTI events can exceed 100 µg m−3, the upper threshold of low-level short-term PM10
exposure according to World Health Organization guidelines. The efficacy,
simplicity, and cost effectiveness of the RBM for identifying PTI events has
the potential to make it a powerful tool for urban air quality management in
complex terrain regions, for which it adds an additional dimension to
contemporary atmospheric stability classification tools. Furthermore, the
long-term consistency of the radon source function will enable the RBM to be
used in the same way in future studies, enabling the relative magnitude of
PTI events to be gauged, which is expected to assist with the assessment of
public health risks.
Observation of seasonal asymmetry in the range spread F occurrence at different longitudes during low and moderate solar activity
Authors: Afolayan Abimbola O. , Jit Singh Mandeep , Abdullah Mardina , Buhari Suhaila M. , Yokoyama Tatsuhiro , Supnithi Pornchai
Published: August 2019

Abstract. A comparative study of the equatorial spread F occurrence was conducted at different longitudes during 2010 and 2013 representing the low (LSA) and moderate (MSA) solar activity periods respectively. The ionogram data were recorded at low-latitude stations including Jicamarca (JIC;75.76∘ W, 8.17∘ S), Fortaleza (FZA; 38.52∘ W, 3.73∘ S), Ilorin (ILR; 7.55∘ E, 9.93∘ N), Chumphon (CPN; 88.46∘ E, 11∘ N) and Kwajalein (KWA; 167.73∘ E, 8.72∘ N). The range type spread F (RSF) occurrence was manually recorded at an hourly interval between 18:00 and 06:00 LT, and a monthly average of the RSF occurrence was estimated for each season. The longitudinal distribution of the RSF occurrence features included the observed difference in the onset time, the duration and the seasonal occurrence peak. The seasonal asymmetry in the RSF occurrence distribution was analysed in relation to the zonal drift reversal’s effect on the plasma irregularity initiation. We believe that the inconsistent equinoctial asymmetry pattern in the RSF occurrence is modulated by the seasonal/longitudinal variation of the zonal drift reversal delay during both solar epochs. Likewise, the seeding effect and the background ionospheric condition were also considered as major factors influencing the frequency of irregularity generation in these regions.
Summarizing the state of the terrestrial biosphere in few dimensions
Authors: Kraemer Guido , Camps-Valls Gustau , Reichstein Markus , Mahecha Miguel D.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In times of global change, we must closely monitor the state of the planet in order to understand gradual or abrupt changes early on. In fact, each of the Earth's subsystems – i.e. the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and cryosphere – can be analyzed from a multitude of data streams. However, since it is very hard to jointly interpret multiple monitoring data streams in parallel, one often aims for some summarizing indicator. Climate indices, for example, summarize the state of atmospheric circulation in a region. Although such approaches are also used in other fields of science, they are rarely used to describe land surface dynamics. Here, we propose a robust method to create indicators for the terrestrial biosphere using principal component analysis based on a high-dimensional set of relevant global data streams. The concept was tested using 12 explanatory variables representing the biophysical states of ecosystems and land-atmosphere water, energy, and carbon fluxes. We find that two indicators account for 73 % of the variance of the state of the biosphere in space and time. While the first indicator summarizes productivity patterns, the second indicator summarizes variables representing water and energy availability. Anomalies in the indicators clearly identify extreme events, such as the Amazon droughts (2005 and 2010) and the Russian heatwave (2010), they also allow us to interpret the impacts of these events. The indicators also reveal changes in the seasonal cycle, e.g. increasing seasonal amplitudes of productivity in agricultural areas and in arctic regions. We assume that this generic approach has great potential for the analysis of land-surface dynamics from observational or model data.
Germination and Growth of Citrus: Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) in Different Organic Substrates
Authors: Tamang Birkha Bahadur , Tashi Sonam
Published: August 2019

This study was carried out to explore the effect of different organic substrates on germination and growth of trifoliate (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.). The experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Research and Development Sub-center (ARDSC), Mithun, Tsirang from July 2014 to March 2015. This experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design. Each treatment was replicated four times and there were seven treatments. Six different combinations of organic substrates were used. Germination of the seed was done in plug trays of 60 cm x 45 cm with 60 plug holes and effect on germination was assessed until 30 days after sowing (DAS). After transplanting the seedlings in poly pots (12 cm x 6 cm), assessment on growth parameters was done until 210 days after transplanting (DAT). T5: biogas slurry + topsoil + sand + leaf mold + sawdust + rice husk (2: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1) had water holding capacity of 62.7%, air-filled porosity of 8.1%, OM of 6.3%, maximum seed emergence rate of 37.4%, maximum germination index (7.6) and maximum germination percentage of 91.3%. Besides, stem height of 15 cm, stem girth of 3.6 mm, taproot length of 35.6 cm, the number of secondary roots of 61, secondary root spread of 21.4 cm and seedling mortality rate of zero was significantly (p ˂ .01) different from other treatments.
Enfoque multidisciplinario para mejorar los ambientes de aprendizajes
Authors: Ventura Luna Jonathan Stanley , Humberstone Morales Hames Edward
Published: August 2019

En El Salvador, el ambiente de aprendizaje se caracteriza por un aula donde los estudiantes realizan las mismas actividades educativas de forma tradicional. Vivimos en la era de la información donde los avances en las herramientas tecnológicas permiten generar contenido, compartirlo y, además, facilitan el acceso a los recursos educativos. Por tanto, es necesario innovar los ambientes de aprendizajes para mantener a los estudiantes motivados con deseos de investigar, fomentando la cultura de trabajo en equipo y mejorando sus competencias. El objetivo de este documento es hacer una revisión acerca de las metodologías de aprendizaje por proyectos y de aprendizaje por problemas; por medio de la investigación de casos de éxitos
Identificação e mapeamento em mesoescala da zona proglacial da geleira Collins, ilha Rei George, Antártica
Authors: Petsch Carina , Costa Rafaela Mattos , Rosa Kátia Kellem da , Vieira Rosemary , Simões Jefferson Cardia
Published: August 2019

O objetivo desta pesquisa é caracterizar e interpretar os processos geomorfológicos e formação de geoformas do ambiente proglacial, incluindo a área marginal ao gelo da geleira Collins, Ilha Rei George, Antártica. Foram coletadas 17 amostras nas feições geomorfológicas proglaciais distais e marginais ao gelo. Foi realizada a análise granulométrica e morfoscópica dos grãos e também a presença de estrias e textura da amostra. A partir da identificação dos tipos de feições deposicionais foi feito um mapeamento geomorfológico de mesoescala da zona proglacial. Foram encontradas feições denominadas de flutings, morainas recentes indicativas da retração da geleira e morainas antigas resultantes do avanço. As morainas de avanço indicam a posição da frente da geleira durante a Pequena Idade do Gelo (PIG) e atualmente, encontram-se na zona proglacial distal. A área mapeada na Geleira Collins foi dividida em quatro setores: 1, 2, 3 e 4. Os setores 1, 2 e 3 apresentam uma série de morainas de recessão e flutings com material arredondado e pouco anguloso indicando geleira pouca espessa, retração e ambiente com presença de água líquida. O setor 4 apresenta uma parte da geleira ativa com capacidade de transporte de material com diferentes granulometria e formação de morainas de recessão/estagnação maiores que no setor 1 e 2.
O cabelo como matriz analítica para o exame toxicológico de motoristas profissionais na Lei n˚ 13.103/15
Authors: WAGNER Ricardo
Published: August 2019

O uso de cabelo e pelo como amostras biológicas tem ganhado cada vez mais destaque na detecção de drogas. Suas vantagens como facilidade de transporte, coleta não invasiva e larga janela de detecção tornam essa matriz biológica perfeita para o uso nos exames toxicológicos. O transporte rodoviário é predominante no Brasil, e dentro disso, estão as extensas jornadas de trabalho as quais os motoristas estão sujeitos. Com isso, os caminhoneiros começaram a exigir melhores condições de trabalho, e para este fim foi criada em 2015, a Lei nº 13.103/15, conhecida como Lei dos Caminhoneiros. Além disso, a Portaria nº 116 de 13/11/2015 do Ministro de Estado do Trabalho e Previdência Social, regulamenta os exames toxicológicos de motoristas profissionais no país. Para a detecção dessas drogas, devem ser realizados procedimentos como, amostragem, segmentação, descontaminação, extração e clean-up para posterior utilização dos métodos de detecção que incluem imunoensaios, cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG-MS) e cromatografia líquida acoplada à espectrometria de massas (LC-MS). Neste trabalho foi realizada uma revisão dos principais pontos envolvidos nesta lei, a utilização do cabelo e pelos como amostras biológicas, suas vantagens, desvantagens e métodos de análises utilizados.
ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE A HERANÇA GENÉTICA PARA OS PORTADORES DE TRAÇO OU ANEMIA FALCIFORME
Authors: Broto Evandro
Published: August 2019

No Brasil observamos uma crescente quantidade de Hemoglobinopatias (HBs), com estimativa de 3.500 recém-nascidos vivos portadores de novos casos de doença falciforme ao ano, tendo com maior número o Traço Falciforme (TF), com estimativa de 7.200.000 portadores. Se tornando a doença hereditária com maior prevalência no Brasil, a qual se originou na África e disseminou-se de maneira agressiva por vários países. Nesse estudo será abordado como tema principal a relação entre o traço e a anemia falciforme que possui grandes impactos na saúde física e mental. Vale ressaltar que os portadores da anemia e traço falciforme necessitam de orientação sobre a doença, primordialmente a respeito da sua hereditariedade, proporcionando assim melhorias na qualidade de vida. Tendo como finalidade principal a descrição de um estudo de caso, com objetivo de avaliar através de exame de eletroforese a incidência de traço falciforme em uma família, o qual foi submetido e aprovado pelo comitê de ética. Os resultados confirmam a presença de TF nos filhos do casal, o que revela a importância da orientação genética para o grupo estudado, em relação à reprodução consciente, a qual é realizada através do exame de eletroforese de hemoglobina.
CONSOLIDAÇÃO DO FARMACÊUTICO NA PRÁTICA CLÍNICA
Authors: Gribner Caroline
Published: August 2019

A participação do farmacêutico na equipe multiprofissional em um ambiente hospitalar vem crescendo expressivamente com o passar dos anos, o que contribui com o fortalecimento e consolidação da atenção farmacêutica e sua prática clínica. O objetivo deste estudo foi demonstrar que o profissional farmacêutico pode realizar o acompanhamento do paciente, contribuindo na farmacoterapia, evitando erros e acidentes associados ao uso incorreto de medicamentos, além de evidenciar o crescimento de artigos que reforçam a profissão na prática clínica. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, tendo como base periódicos publicados nas bases de dados Scielo, Portal da CAPES, PubMed. Diversos estudos demonstram a importância da intervenção e acompanhamento clínico realizado pelo farmacêutico, que compõe a equipe multidisciplinar de estabelecimentos de saúde como hospitais. Fica evidente a participação do profissional farmacêutico no cuidado a saúde dos pacientes a nível nacional e mundial, uma vez que as publicações de artigos que abordam esta temática apresentaram crescimento expressivo nas últimas décadas.
ODONTOPLASTIA E SEU EFEITO NA NUTRIÇÃO DE EQUINOS
Authors: Moraes Filho Luiz Antonio Jorge de , Feltre Kátia , Dietrich Lizzie De Oliveira , Bianconi Camila , Gobesso Alexandre Augusto de Oliveira
Published: August 2019

O objetivo do trabalho foi investigar as implicações de um tratamento odontológico (odontoplastia) em equinos adultos sobre os parâmetros digestivos, metabólicos e comportamentais. Foram utilizados oito cavalos, machos, castrados, da raça Puro Sangue Árabe, nunca submetidos a tratamento odontológico. A proporção (%/%) concentrado/volumoso foi de 37,5/62,5. Para a avaliação dos parâmetros fecais, sanguíneos e de digestibilidade, os cavalos foram divididos em D0 (grupo controle; sem odontoplastia), D20 (20 dias após a odontoplastia) e D40 (40 dias após a odontoplastia). Para o comportamento alimentar, os animais foram divididos em grupo controle (sem odontoplastia), T1 (imediatamente após à odontoplastia) e T2 (20 dias após a odontoplastia). Foram realizados três períodos experimentais (15 dias para adaptação à dieta e 5 dias para coleta de sangue e coleta total de fezes). Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente ao acaso e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey com P<0,05. A odontoplastia removeu ganchos, ondas, cristas transversas e degraus com a redução de pontas excessivas de esmalte e ajuste da oclusão. O animais submetidos à odontoplastia apresentaram maior consumo de água (em L/dia) em T1 e T2, menor coeficiente de digestibilidade aparente (%) da fibra em detergente ácido em D20 e D40, menor concentração fecal (mmol) de lactato (D20 e D40) e maior de propionato (D0 e D20). Os resultados sugerem que a odontoplastia, apesar de reduzir o coeficiente de digestibilidade aparente da fibra em detergente ácido, melhorou as condições fermentativas no intestino grosso sem alterar o pH e causar distúrbios gastrintestinais.
Crise, Conflito ou Ambos? O caso da Crimeia
Authors: Faria de Souza Maia Eduardo Augusto
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar as diferenças e semelhanças conceituais entre Crises e Conflitos, comparando definições de cada um desses termos e trazendo exemplos empíricos que possam ilustrar as nuances de cada um. Ao final, foi feita uma sumarização das principais características e analisado o caso da anexação da Crimeia pela Rússia, em 2014, com o objetivo de classificá-lo ou como uma crise ou como um conflito.
A emergência do ‘Terceiro Mundo’ e a questão da desigualdade nas Relações Internacionais: respostas teóricas a partir do Norte e do Sul Global
Authors: Guerra Lucas
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma análise das respostas teóricas propostas a partir tanto do Norte quanto do Sul Global à questão da desigualdade internacional colocada em evidência a partir da emergência do ‘Terceiro Mundo’ na política internacional. A partir de uma metodologia essencialmente qualitativa, constatamos que as perspectivas desenvolvidas em cada um desses lugares epistêmicos apontam em direções opostas: as formuladas no Sul ressaltam a relação intrínseca entre a desigualdade e o funcionamento histórico/estrutural da economia internacional, enquanto que as formuladas no Norte propõem uma assimilação dos países terceiro-mundistas aos modelos de desenvolvimento próprio dos países industrializados ocidentais.
Editorial v.8, n.1, 2019
Authors: Kemer Thaíse , Hoff Natali , Pereira Alexsandro Eugenio
Published: August 2019

Editorial v.8, n.1, 2019
Influência de fatores socioeconômicos sobre os crimes ambientais no Distrito Federal
Authors: Ribeiro Renata Esteves , Corrêa Rodrigo Studart
Published: August 2019

Danos e problemas ambientais são construídos por processos complexos, constituídos por uma combinação de fatores materiais e sociais. Diferentes escritores da criminologia verde, ramo que foca questões referentes a danos, transgressões e crimes ambientais, alocam os debates em torno das questões relacionadas à pobreza, falta de saúde, corrupção e transgressões corporativas. Seguindo esse entendimento, este trabalho objetivou i) verificar a influência de variáveis socioeconômicas sobre os crimes ambientais registrados pela da Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal entre os anos de 2013 a 2016 e ii) determinar se as teorias da criminologia tradicional se aplicam aos crimes ambientais. Dados socioeconômicos disponíveis na Pesquisa Distrital por Amostra de Domicílios e os registros de crimes ambientais ocorridos no Distrito Federal (DF) foram submetidos à análise de regressão multivariada e à análise de variância para determinar o modelo mais eficiente para explicar a relação entre esses dois conjuntos dados. Os resultados indicaram que a faixa etária entre 40 e 59 anos, os residentes que imigraram para o DF após o ano 2000 e a renda per capita foram as variáveis que mais contribuíram para explicar o número de registros de crimes ambientais no DF. Os resultados sugerem que contextos de privação social e econômica não são os únicos determinantes para a ocorrência de crimes ambientais no DF. A frequente relação com as variáveis relacionadas à imigração aponta para a aplicação da teoria da desorganização social como uma das principais causas dos crimes registrados, pela incapacidade de a comunidade se organizar em prol do controle comunitário.