bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿Hacer sin Pensar? ¿Pensar sin Hacer? Dos viejos prejuicios en la nueva escena posdramática
Authors: Trastoy Beatriz Alicia
Published: August 2016

RESUMEN Para aportar a la definitiva superación de dos prejuicios teatrales aún vigentes - el autoproclamado desprecio de los realizadores por la reflexión teórica y el de la falta de experiencia artística, que devaluaría el discurso de críticos y teóricos - analizaremos la auto-reflexión que funda las modalidades escénicas posdramáticas, tanto desde el punto de vista productivo (la praxis escénica), como del receptivo (las nuevas búsquedas teóricas de los especialistas del teatro).
Disonancias en la Presencia: el cuerpo y su extensión audiovisual
Authors: Saz Isis
Published: August 2016

RESUMEN El presente artículo muestra las consecuencias de la extensión del cuerpo a través del medio audiovisual y cómo esa nueva corporalidad afecta a la percepción del espectador que encuentra una disonancia en la presencia. Lo que entendíamos por cuerpo extiende sus límites a través de la imagen y del sonido y esta capacidad será aprovechada por algunos artistas que basan su trabajo en el cuerpo y que deciden establecerse en ese terreno deslizante entre la presencia corporal y la presencia audiovisual.
The Artist is Present: as artimanhas do visível
Authors: Bonfitto Matteo
Published: August 2016

RESUMO Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre uma experiência específica: a minha participação em uma performance de Marina Abramović chamada The Artist is Present, ocorrida em março de 2010, no Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), na cidade de Nova Iorque. A partir dessa reflexão, vários aspectos são abordados, dentre eles, a questão da presença e a sua relação com a visão. Quando o campo em exame é o das artes da cena, muitas vezes, a visão pode ser enganadora, pode funcionar quase como um obstáculo para a instauração de experiências.
Teatro e Neurociência: o despertar de um novo diálogo entre arte e ciência
Authors: Calvert Dorys Faria
Published: August 2016

RESUMO Este artigo objetiva demonstrar, através de uma perspectiva histórica, que o estudo neurofisiológico e expressivo das emoções transparece como um importante vetor facilitador do diálogo entre o teatro e as ciências dos seres vivos. Também faz parte deste trabalho a exploração de alguns conceitos neurocientíficos atualmente utilizados em pesquisas experimentais sobre as emoções humanas, assim como a reflexão acerca das possíveis articulações entre a neurociência das emoções e o trabalho do ator.
Variação da qualidade da água de chuva com a precipitação: aplicação à cidade de Santa Maria - RS
Authors: Hagemann Sabrina Elicker , Gastaldini Maria do Carmo Cauduro
Published: August 2016

RESUMO Este trabalho avaliou a qualidade da água da chuva na cidade de Santa Maria - RS, a variação de alguns parâmetros durante a precipitação e os usos mais apropriados para a mesma em função dos padrões vigentes sobre aproveitamento de águas pluviais e de reúso. Amostras de água da chuva foram coletadas diretamente da atmosfera e de um telhado, a fim de analisar as alterações em sua qualidade após a passagem pela superfície de captação. Cada amostrador foi dividido em cinco compartimentos, para coletar e armazenar separadamente os cinco primeiros milímetros de chuva. As características de qualidade da água da chuva foram avaliadas através dos parâmetros: pH, condutividade elétrica, turbidez, DBO5, sólidos totais, sólidos suspensos, sólidos dissolvidos e Escherichia coli. Em alguns eventos foram analisados também: ferro, manganês, fosfato, amônia e nitrato. Observou-se que a qualidade da água da chuva é alterada após sua passagem pela área de captação. No estado bruto as águas pluviais têm potencial para ser utilizadas em fins não potáveis, recomendando-se o descarte de pelo menos 2 mm iniciais. Se for tratada a água de chuva adquire qualidade compatível com usos como descargas de bacias sanitárias e lavagem de veículos. O comportamento de alguns parâmetros mostrou-se sensível às variações nas características da precipitação, ocorrendo variação nos valores relacionados ao aumento ou diminuição na intensidade da precipitação.
Cumulative equations for continuous time Chicago hyetograph method
Authors: Silveira André Luiz Lopes da
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT The Chicago method is a classical method based on IDF curves for obtaining design hyetographs which present rainfall rates as continuous functions of time, one valid for times before peak and another for after peak. The intensity peak of rainfall is arbitrarily positioned at time zero, the function before peak counting time reversely and the function after peak with time axis normally. The time duration of the hyetograph before peak is determined by multiplying the total duration by a displacement factor with value between zero and one. This technical note presents both equations for before and after peak with the same time axis (time zero at the beginning of hyetograph) to facilitate applications of the Chicago method. The equations presented show cumulated rainfall depths resulting from exact integrals over chronological time of the original Chicago method’s rainfall intensity equations. That is, at every instant of time from the beginning of the hyetograph one has the exact value of cumulated rainfall. Thus, by decumulation, the sequential rainfall hyetograph depths are obtained. There is an advantage in using these equations which are easily introduced in spreadsheets.
Regularization of hydroelectric reservoir levels through hydro and solar energy complementarity
Authors: Mouriño Gabriela Leal de , Assireu Arcilan Trevenzoli , Pimenta Felipe
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT Hydrological changes during prolonged droughts, as verified in the last two decades in Brazil, may reduce the level of hydroelectric reservoirs to the point that energy rationings become necessary. Such fluctuations, have been mainly complemented by thermo power, which is much more expensive and polluting. This work addresses the possibility of complementing the hydro system with solar energy. Daily-accumulated solar radiation from São Paulo, covering the period from 1961 to 2012, is used to evaluate the seasonal and interannual variability of solar power generation. The computed solar energy is applied in a hybrid solar-hydro model, where the turbine outflow is reduced accordingly to the solar power production, so that storage is improved in the long-term. The study region is Itumbiara reservoir in Brazil’s Paraná hydrographic basin. Results suggest that this hybrid system should improve the reservoir ability to confront interannual climate variability.
Sarsina violascens spatial and temporal distributions affected by native vegetation strips in eucalyptus plantations
Authors: Zanuncio José Cola , Tavares Wagner de Souza , Ramalho Francisco de Sousa , Leite Germano Leão Demolin , Serrão José Eduardo
Published: August 2016

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate spatial and temporal distributions of Sarsina violascens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Lymantriinae) in two Eucalyptus cloeziana plantations, one with native vegetation strips (WNVS) and another without them (ONVS). Adults were collected with light traps, which were installed: inside an area of native vegetation (Cerrado), 100 m from the edge; at the contact zone between the native vegetation area and the E. cloeziana plantation; inside the E. cloeziana plantation, 250 m from the edge; at the central part of the native vegetation strip, around 500 m from the edge (WNVS) or in the contact zone between two E. cloeziana compartments (ONVS); and inside the E. cloeziana plantation, 500 m from the edge. The number of S. violascens adults collected was 240 in the system WNVS and 1,378 in the system ONVS. The lower number of individuals in the system WNVS was probably due to favored biological control provided by higher species richness with the use of native vegetation strips. These strips, intermingled with E. cloeziana plantations, allow a higher proportion of native forest in the landscape and can help to reduce S. violascens infestations.
Seed production of 'Mombasa' grass subjected to different closing cut dates and nitrogen rates
Authors: Canto Marcos Weber do , Almeida Gleice Menezes de , Costa Antonio Carlos Saraiva da , Barth Neto Armindo , Scaliante Júnior João Ricardo , Orlandini Carla Faria
Published: August 2016

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of closing cut dates (CCD) and nitrogen (N) rates on the components of pure seed yield (PSY) and seed quality in 'Mombasa' grass (Megathyrsus maximus 'Mombaça'), besides determining the parameters of apparent N efficiency (ANE) and agronomic N efficiency (AgNE). The field experiments were carried out over two growing seasons, 2010/2011 and 2011/2012, in Umuarama, PR, Brazil. The folllowing treatments were evaluated: CCD on October 10, January 31, February 15, and March 1; and N doses at 0, 75, 150, and 225 kg ha-1. Significant interactions between the CCD and N doses were observed for the panicle tiller number (PTN), pure seeds per panicle, PSY, ANE and AgNE. Values of ANE and AgNE were better for 150 kg N ha-1. There were no effects of CCD and N doses on seed quality. PSY was closely correlated with PTN, pure seeds per panicle, and pure seed number.The CCD treatments of longer growth duration and higher N doses showed the higher PSY. Final CCD delaying until February and N availability reduced yield. Closing cut date and N fertilization affect pure seed yield and yield component responses of 'Mombasa' grass.
Study of effect of electric arc furnace slag on expansion of mortars subjected to alkali-aggregate reaction
Authors: SOUZA L. , ZOLETT E. R. , CARRAZEDO R.
Published: August 2016

Abstract Alkali-aggregate reaction is a chemical reaction between cement alkalis and some reactive mineral present in some aggregates, leading to concrete expansion and cracking. One kind usually observed and studied in Brazil is the alkali-silica reaction, due to its fast development. There are several methods that are effective to control and mitigate this reaction, and one of them is the partial replacement of cement by mineral additions such as pozzolans like fly-ash, silica fume and slag. In this study, we propose the use of electrical steel slag as a partial replacement of cement, evaluating its effectiveness by NBR 15577:2008, employing different proportions as replacement. It seems that the electrical steel slag, despite its expansive behavior, has been effective in the control of the ASR.
Effects of the zinc and zinc-nickel alloys electroplating on the corrodibility of reinforced concrete rebars
Authors: CEDRIM F. A. , ALMEIDA V. L. S. , SOUZA C. A. C. , JESUS M. D. , RIBEIRO D. V.
Published: August 2016

Abstract This paper shows the analysis performed on the corrosion parameters of three groups of reinforcing steel bars, two of these coated by electroplating process with Zinc (Zn) and Zinc-Nickel (Zn-Ni), and the other without any coating. It was used reinforced concrete specimens, which ones were grouped and then subjected to two different corrosion accelerating methods: aging wetting/drying cycles and salt spray exposure. Corrosion potential was measured to qualitative monitoring of the process and, after the end of the tests, corrosion rate was estimated by measuring the mass loss, to quantitative analyses. As it was expected, coated bars presented a better performance than the average bars regarding the corrosion resistance in chloride ions containing environments. It was also observed that the drying/ NaCl solution wetting cycles seems to be more severe than salt spray fog apparatus with respect to the acceleration of corrosion process.
Inflation Expectations in the Recovery from the Great Depression
Authors: Jalil Andrew J. , Rua Gisela
Published: August 2016

In this note, we draw on our recent research on the role of inflation expectations in the recovery from the Great Depression of the 1930s (Jalil and Rua, 2016a and 2016b) to provide insights into the actions that can successfully shift inflation expectations and stimulate economic recovery.
Organizações & desenvolvimento: reflexões epistemológicas
Authors: Fontoura Fernando Batista Bandeira , Wittmann Milton Luiz
Published: August 2016

O presente ensaio teórico consiste em um estudo epistêmico relativo à natureza e limites das relações estabelecidas entre sujeito e sociedade, partindo de uma contextualização histórica desde os períodos pré-industrial e industrial e ampliando para contextos pós-industriais. Enfatiza-se os aspectos conceituais e teóricos destes períodos até a atualidade com destaque para data de 1970 como símbolo da crise do sistema taylorista/fordista contextualizado pela indústria automobilística, que migrou de processos de industrialização unidimensionais para processos multidimensionais além do advento da globalização e da desterritorialização dentro de uma visão de multimercados. Conclusivamente, o desenvolvimento tem influência histórica dos períodos cujos conceitos sociais se vinculam a forma de perceber a sociedade, o desenvolvimento e processos de acumulação fazendo jus a esta reflexão epistêmica sobre organizações e desenvolvimento e seus impactos sociais. Palavras-chave: Organizações; desenvolvimento; desenvolvimento regional
O efeito da turbulência tecnológica no sucesso de novos produtos
Authors: Santos Mirela Jeffman dos , Perin Marcelo Gattermann , Sampaio Cláudio Hoffmann
Published: August 2016

O estudo visa analisar a influência das orientações ao consumidor (OC), à aprendizagem (OA) e à inovação (OI) na habilidade de desenvolvimento de novos produtos (HDNP), e desta no sucesso de novos produtos (SNP), bem como a influência da turbulência tecnológica (TT) na relação entre a HDNP e o SNP. Por meio de levantamento realizado com empresas industriais brasileiras, verificou-se efeito positivo da OC, OA e OI na HDNP e desta no SNP. Constatou-se ainda que a OI é o antecedente de maior efeito na HDNP e que a TT modera positivamente a relação entre a HDNP e o SNP.
FORENSIC LINGUISTICS ANALYSIS OF VIRGINIA WOOLF’S SUICIDE NOTES
Authors: Malini Ni Luh Nyoman Seri , Tan Venessa
Published: August 2016

Virginia Woolf was a British writer. She committed suicide in 1941, leaving suicide notes for her sister and her husband. Her suicide note was made public and was misquoted under the misleading headline in newspapers’ articles. This made people at that time misinterpret her suicide notes. This analysis aims to prove the genuineness of Virginia Woolf’s suicide notes, reveal the intention behind her suicide notes, and investigate the real motive of her suicide with Linguistics Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) program and semantic forensic analysis in forensic linguistics perspective. In conclusion, Virginia Woolf’s suicide notes are considered genuine and have positive emotional tone. The result of this analysis supports the statement of another psychologist that her suicide was triggered by Bipolar disorder.
Települési környezetvédelem Magyarországon: Egy kutatás előfeltevései
Authors: Fodor László , Barta Attila , Fónai Mihály , Bányai Orsolya
Published: August 2016

Az alábbi cikk a Nemzeti Kutatási, Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal által támogatott, Helyi önkormányzati szerepek és eszközök az ökológiai fenntarthatóság megvalósításában címet viselő, alapvetően jogtudományi (de emellett szociológiai és politológiai) megközelítésű kutatás bevezető tanulmánya. Célja rögzíteni az interdiszciplináris kutatás hipotéziseit és várható eredményeit. Úgy véljük, hogy a helyi cselekvési szintnek az ökológiai fenntarthatóság elérésében játszott szerepe nélkülözhetetlen, habár nem egyedüli, és nem is az elsődleges tényező. Ha az önkormányzatok túl sok feladatot és hatáskört kapnak, akkor azokat nem tudják megfelelően ellátni, illetve a környezetpolitika, környezetjog egészének hatékonysága gyenge (hiszen számos probléma nem közelíthető meg helyi szinten). Ha túl kevés feladatuk, illetve hatáskörük van, akkor amellett, hogy csorbul a helyi önkormányzáshoz való jog, a környezetpolitika, illetve környezetjog összességében megint nem lesz eléggé hatékony. Egyensúlyt kell tehát találni valahol, ami a változó lehetőségek és kihívások függvényében nem egy statikus egyensúly, hanem csakis dinamikus egyensúly lehet, folyamatos súlypontváltoztatással. Abból indulunk ki, hogy környezeti fenntarthatósági szempontból jelenleg is számos változás indokolt, melyek részben intézményi, strukturális jellegűek. Úgy véljük, hogy a helyi közösségek igényei, érdekei és elvárásai sem hagyhatók figyelmen kívül, ezért a kérdéskör értelmezése során több aktor szempontjaival és cselekvéseivel kell számolni.
А. В. Суворов: Рождение тактики
Authors: Богданов Андрей Петрович
Published: August 2016

В статье рассмотрены первые шаги А. В. Суворова в формировании его нового военного искусства во время Семилетней войны. Понимая слабую документированность этого периода его военной биографии, полководец сам подробно рассказал о нем в автобиографии, выделив наиболее важные для развития его военной мысли моменты. Привлекая дополнительные источники, автор делает мысль Суворова понятной для современных историков.

Подготовлено на основе доклада автора на Всероссийской научной конференции «Военная история России», которая прошла в Московском гуманитарном университете 25 апреля 2016 г.
La esperanza de vida en la ciudad de México (siglos XVI al XIX)
Authors: Márquez Morfín Lourdes , Hernández Espinoza Patricia Olga
Published: August 2016

Se contrastan los diferentes escenarios demográficos construidos a partir del análisis de varias series osteológicas procedentes de la ciudad de México cuya temporalidad corresponde a los siglos xvii al xix, conformada por criollos, mestizos e indígenas; y otra procedente de un área rural fechada en el siglo xvi, en Xochimilco, de composición eminentemente indígena. La técnica paleodemográfica permite obtener perfiles demográficos específicos para cada serie que se comparan y discuten con la información histórica disponible para la ciudad de México. Los resultados de las series urbanas y la rural, describen poblaciones con bajas esperanzas de vida, escasa sobrevivencia hacia las edades adultas y una alta mortalidad infantil producto de las condiciones sanitarias, de la pobreza y de la violencia, teniendo como telón de fondo grandes cambios sociales y económicos, además de crisis demográficas epidémicas y hambre.
La disidencia ante la justicia. Reacciones frente a la crisis de la monarquía en el Río de la Plata, 1808-1810
Authors: Polastrelli Irina
Published: August 2016

A partir del expediente judicial abierto entre 1808 y 1810 contra Saturnino Rodríguez Peña y Diego Paroissien por sus proyectos “independentistas” para el Río de la Plata, se muestran las diversas reacciones, los “miedos” y las “esperanzas” que generó la crisis de la monarquía. El artículo expone algunos de los rasgos de la disidencia política mediante la definición del delito denunciado, así como las estrategias y los argumentos utilizados por los actores intervinientes en la causa para asegurar sus posiciones en el desconcierto provocado por la vacancia real.

 
Los trabajadores del Ferrocarril de Tehuantepec y la huelga “olvidada” de Rincón Antonio (1903)
Authors: Sedano Ortega Mauricio
Published: August 2016

 

En este artículo pretendemos, a partir de fuentes principales como son los telegramas enviados durante el conflicto, demostrar que la huelga de trabajadores de Rincón Antonio –pequeña población oaxaqueña del Istmo– fue uno de las primeras acciones de inconformidad contra las políticas laborales de principio del siglo xx en México. Para lograr nuestro objetivo, analizaremos los espacios donde se desarrolló la huelga, los lugares donde laboraban los empleados y los sueldos que recibían, además de la participación de la Unión de Mecánicos Mexicanos.

 

 
De las urnas a la movilización popular. Elecciones presidenciales de 1970 en Colombia
Authors: Acuña Rodríguez Olga Yanet
Published: August 2016

El texto resalta cómo el inconformismo de los sectores populares con el tradicionalismo político, liberal-conservador en Colombia y con las irregularidades en el conteo y reconteo de los votos en las elecciones presidenciales de 1970, pusieron en crisis al régimen político “frentenacionalista”, y a su candidato Misael Pastrana Borrero. Desde la historia política y social se analiza el papel de las masas y las posiciones y acciones de las elites para legitimar el poder; así, el evidente fraude electoral en las elecciones del 19 de abril de 1970 fue asumido por las masas como una burla al sistema democrático y a su expresión como ciudadanos, lo que motivó movilizaciones en diversas regiones del país. A partir de este hecho los actores sociales reivindicaron su papel como ciudadanos y reclamaron sus derechos, acudiendo a la denuncia en las diversas instituciones, a la movilización y a la protesta y, tres años después, a la movilización armada que se denominó M-19.

 

 

  
Ángel Omar May González, Los primeros años de la posrevolución en Campeche (1921-1929), México, Instituto Mora, 2013, 332 pp.
Authors: Del Carmen Collado María
Published: August 2016

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Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation for Limbal Dermoid in a Case of Goldenhar Syndrome
Authors: Pawar Prachi , Shah Saurabh
Published: August 2016

Goldenhar Syndrome (known as Oculoauriculovertebral Syndrome (OAVS) or facioauriculovertebral dysplasia) is a rare congenital defect classically involving eye anomalies with or without anomalous development of the ear, nose, lips, soft palate, mandible and vertebra. It is a morphogenetic anomaly associated with the 1st and 2nd branchial arches. We report a case of 9 months old male child presented with ocular abnormalities. On evaluation, he had the classical signs of this syndrome like limbal dermoids, eyelid coloboma, preauricular skin tags and hemi facial microsomia. This patient was first seen in January 2010 and has been followed and treated for the same. The patient underwent a surgery for right eye limbal dermoid at the age of 4 years. The initial presentation with course of the disease and Post-Surgical outcome is described here. The Authors performed dermoid excision with autologous conjunctiva along with limbal stem cells transplantation and achieved a satisfactory surgical outcome.
Role of Early 2D Echocardiography in Patient with Acute Myocardial Infarction in Correlation with Electrocardiography and Clinical Presentation
Authors: Kodilkar Jitendra , Patil Mrunal Suresh , Chafekar Neelima , More Ashwinkumar
Published: August 2016

Introduction: Echocardiography is noninvasive, most frequently used usually the initial imaging test to evaluate all cardiovascular disease related to structural, functional, or hemodynamic abnormality of the heart or great vessels. The major advantage of echocardiography is the ability to obtain instantaneous real time image even in emergency units. The present study was undertaken to evaluate left ventricular function, extent of myocardium involved and complications of acute myocardial infarction by 2D ECHO, to correlate these findings with ECG and clinical presentation, and to assess the role of 2D ECHO in management and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on patients visiting our tertiary health centre, Nasik over a period of 2 years. 55 patients were included in the study. Patients with prior history of acute myocardial infarction, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, cardiac surgery, congenital heart disease and non ST elevation MI were not included in the study. Patients were classified as per Killip classification and 2D ECHO was performed on the patients within 24 hours of admission. The findings of which were correlated with clinical and ECG findings. Results: Of 55 patients studied it was found that MI had male preponderance with hypertension as major risk factor. Also, the severity of the infarction increased with the increase in the Killip class. Mean ejection fraction was also observed to be decreasing in patients with increase in severity of the infarction. Conclusion: 2D ECHO performed within 24 hours of admission helps the clinician to predict and diagnose complications in patients with acute MI and take proper steps in the management of the patient.
Serum Electrolyte Levels (Sodium and Potassium) in Cerebrovascular Accidents at a Tertiary Care Hospital - A Case Control Study
Authors: Nemade Surekha Tushar , Patil Mrunal Suresh , Chaudhari Rajendra Annasaheb , Vankudre Ashok J.
Published: August 2016

Aim: To study serum electrolyte levels in cerebrovascular accidents (cerebral infarct and cerebral haemorrhage) Material and Methods: In this retrospective case control study, we compared serum electrolyte results of 70 diagnosed patients of cerebrovascular accidents (cerebral infarct and cerebral haemorrhage) within 24 hours of admission from the onset of the event with the 70 age and sex matched controls. Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was done by z test using SPSS 16 which showed statistically significant difference in serum sodium levels while serum potassium levels showed no significant difference. Conclusion: Electrolytes disturbance may contribute to the prognosis of cerebrovascular accidents and early correction of this electrolyte imbalance can lead to better prognosis and may avoid complications.
A Clinical Profile of Diabetic Foot Patients at Tertiary Health Care Institute, Nashik
Authors: Bhamre S. D. , Mogal Kailash K. , Sadiwala C. A.
Published: August 2016

Introduction: One of the most dreaded complications of diabetes mellitus is the diabetic foot syndrome. It can cause prolonged morbidity and possibly loss of a limb, apart from high medical expenses. It often is caused due to an easily correctable factor, or lack of simple preventative measures in a vulnerable patient. Aims: To study the clinical profile of diabetic foot patients, and associated risk factors. Method: A descriptive study, including diabetic foot patients admitted in surgery department at tertiary health care centre was carried out over a period of 2 years. Results: Majority of patients were males. Highest number of patients was in 61-70 years age group (41.66%). Use of tobacco (52.78%) and trauma were common causative factor. Conclusion: Diabetic foot is common in elderly male diabetics, tobacco users, with peripheral neuropathy, often caused due to minor trauma which patient ignores. Patient education and early intervention can reduce incidence and morbidity of this condition.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Pulate Pari A. , Narkhede Tushar , Chandak Sushma S.
Published: August 2016

Aims and Objectives: 1. To study the clinical profile of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 2. To study the post operative complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methodology: Ultrasound confirmed 48 cases of either sex admitted in department of surgery with cholelithiasis, gall bladder polyp, acute or chronic cholecystitis were included in this survey. These patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy after preoperative preparation during August 2011-December 2013. Results: Highest age incidence was seen in 4th decade with female preponderance. Most common presenting symptom was pain in abdomen followed by nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia and fever. Only 1 procedure was converted to open cholecystectomy with conversion rate of 2.08%. It was due to dense adhesions from chronic infection. The overall post-operative complication rate was 6.25% with wound infection being the most common occurring in 2 cases and prolonged ileus in 1 case. Chronic cholecystitis was the major histopathological diagnosis. The median post-operative stay in our study was 3 days. Conclusion: Chronic cholecystitis is the most common presentation of cholelithiasis with female pre-ponderance and incidence more in the 4th decade. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and feasible treatment with less complication rate and early recovery.
A Study of Limbal Conjunctival Autograft Transplantation in Primary Pterygium
Authors: Patil Mrunal Suresh , Bawir Dhiraj Namdeo , Mandlik Kunal , Kataria Ishan
Published: August 2016

Aim: To study limbal conjunctival autograft transplantation in primary pterygium. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted on 100 eyes of 100 patients with primary pterygium attending the outpatient department of Ophthalmology department of Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical college, Nashik from July 2011 to June 2013 who were managed by Limbal Conjunctival Autografting(LCAT) which were performed by single surgeon. Result: This study shows that most of the patients belonged to age groups of 31-70. The mean pre-op astigmatism of 2.60 +2.20 Diopters (D) significantly reduced to 1.28 +1.22D postoperatively. There is significant improvement in Post operative Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) compared to preoperative BCVA with difference of 0.17+0.02. Postoperatively out of 100 eyes, 4 recurrences occurred with recurrence rate of 4%. Conclusion: Limbal Conjunctival Autograft transplantation is a safe and effective technique in management of Pterygium.
Non-Familial Retinoblastoma: Case Report
Authors: Ahirrao Mahesh , Ahirrao Bhagyashree , Bhadane Prashant , Joshi Sanjay , Pakhare Jagdish , Patil Shrikant
Published: August 2016

Retinoblastoma is a malignancy of the retina. It is most common intraocular tumor in children. Dominantly inherited disorder frequently found association with defect in RB1 gene. Approximately 40% of patients with retinoblastoma have inherited a germ-line mutation of the RB1 gene found 10% unilaterally while 60% are non-familial. Herewith we present 2 cases of non-familial, unilateral retinoblastoma.
Structured Oral Examination as an Assessment Tool for Third Year Indian MBBS Undergraduates in Community Medicine
Authors: Vankudre Ashok Jaykumar , Almale Balaji Digember , Patil Mrunal Suresh , Patil Abhijeet Madhukar
Published: August 2016

Introduction: Traditional viva are useful in assessing depth of knowledge and overall communication skill of student but demerits are many such as unequal time distribution for viva, gender bias, non uniformity, examiner's mood and so on. In present study we structured oral examination as an assessment tool for third year MBBS undergraduates in community Medicine and evaluating the process by taking student's as well as faculty's feedback to minimize biases. Material and Methods: Permission from Dean as well as head of department was taken. A batch of 26 students was randomly selected and enrolled in to study after informed consent. Four faculty members were randomly divided in two groups. Faculty members in structured oral examination group were sensitized and trained about it. Each student has undergone same set of questionnaire consisting of simple recall and applied questions. All the students were simultaneously assessed with traditional and structured oral examination without intermixing. Feedback in the form of questionnaire as per Likert's scale was collected for both type of viva and from students and faculties. Appropriate statistical analysis was done. Results: Analysis depicted that students were overall satisfied with the structured oral examination and felt it better than the traditional viva. Statistically significant differences (p = 0.0001) were observed in terms of uniformity of questions asked, stress, time allotment, topic coverage etc. Faculty also expressed that structured oral examinations are better in terms of reducing bias, minimising luck factor and uniformity of questions.
Comparative Assessment of Severity of Dyselectrolytaemia (Sodium and Potassium) in Cerebral Infarction and Cerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Nemade Surekha Tushar , Patil Mrunal Suresh , Chaudhari Rajendra Annasaheb , Vankudre Ashok J.
Published: August 2016

Aim: 1) To compare serum electrolyte levels (sodium and potassium levels) in cerebral Infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. 2) To compare serum electrolytes in thalamic and other intracranial hemorrhages. Material and Methods: In this retrospective type of study, we compared serum electrolyte levels of 70 patients, 45 diagnosed as cerebral infarction with the 25 patients, diagnosed as cerebral hemorrhage. The sample for electrolyte analysis was collected within first 24 hrs of onset of the event. Result: Statistical analysis was done by Z test and independent t test using SPSS 16 which showed statistically no significant difference in serum electrolyte levels in both groups there was also no statistical difference in serum electrolyte levels in thalamic hemorrhages compared to other intracranial hemorrhages. Conclusion: Electrolyte imbalance is common in cerebrovascular accidents and needs to be intervene as early as possible irrespective of the type of cerebral insult. Correction of electrolytes imbalance can help in better prognosis of the patient and may avoid complications.
Study of Intraoperative Complications in Small Incision Cataract Surgery, its Management and Visual Outcome
Authors: Patil Mrunal Suresh , Balwir Dhiraj Namdeo , Dua Sonal
Published: August 2016

Aims: To study the intraoperative complications in small incision cataract surgery and its management and to study the visual outcome following the management of intraoperative complications. Material and Methods: A total of 250 cases studied from who underwent SICS. Intraoperative complications were studied and managed. Visual outcome following these complications were studied by noting the best corrected visual acuity after day 1, 1st week, 3rd week, 6th week following surgery. Results: The total intraoperative complications were seen in 22 (8.8%) patients. Posterior capsule rent was seen in 6 eyes (2.4%). Iris prolapse in 5 eyes (2%). Descemet detachment was seen in 3 eyes (1.2%). Premature entry was seen in 3 eyes (1.2%). Capsulorrhexis extension was seen in 2 eyes (0.8%). Zonular dialysis was seen in 2 eyes (0.8%). Superior iridodialysis was seen in only one eye (0.4%). Out of 250 cases, 246 came for follow up till 6th week. 214 (85.6%) patients had post operative BCVA 6/6 at the end of 6th week, 25(10%) patients had 6/9, 5 patients (2%) had 6/12-6/18 and remaining 2 patients (0.8%) had 6/24-6/36 BCVA. Conclusion: The study results shows that in high quality cataract surgery (91.2% without intraoperative complications) 99% BCVA 6/18 or better can be attained. In our study incidence of intraoperative complications was 8.8% in which posterior capsular rent and iris prolapse were the common intraoperative complications.
Metformin Use and Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Jeetendra Singh , Tushar Baheti
Published: August 2016

Metformin is commonly used oral hypoglycaemic agent in the treatment of type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). One of the important side effect of long term metformin therapy is malabsorption of vitamin B12 which could lead to megaloblastic anemia and peripheral neuropathy. Therefore annual screening of serum vitamin B12 level or serum methylmalonic acid (MMA)/serum homocysteine level should be done in cases taking metformin for more than four to five years with average dose of >1g per day, even in the absence of haematological or neurological abnormalities. However, as the incidence of type-2 DM is increasing, cost of annual measurement of vitamin B12 level also increases. Considering cost factor for annual screening, vitamin B12 supplementation appears to be more cost effective approach rather than annual screening for routine prophylaxis. Routine vitamin preparations available in the market may contain less amount of B12 and hence are not of much therapeutic use in treatment of B12 deficiency due to Metformin. Hence there is a need to look for higher doses of approximately 500-2000μg/day.
A Clinical Study of Incisional Hernia
Authors: Bhamre Sudhir Dnyandeo , Pingale Nitin Devidas
Published: August 2016

Background: Incisional Hernias are common complication of andominal surgery. Depending on the risk factors Incisional Hernia can occure in 10 - 20 % of patients subjected to abdominal operations. Aims and Objective: A clinical study on risk factors, clinical prentations, management and post oprattive complications in patient with Incisional Hernia. Setting: Department of Surgery of a Tertiary Health Care Centre with an attached medical college. Material and Methods: A total of 43 patients of Incisional Hernia were studied and postoperative complications were evaluated in our institute. Results: Incidence of incisional hernia is more common in females than males and the overall M:F ratio is 1:2, 55.9 % of patients presented with swelling and pain. Incisional hernia incidence is high in lower abdominal incisions. Conclusions: The use of midline incision should be restricted to operations in which unlimited access to the abdominal cavity is necessary. Use of suction drain reducess post-oparative complication.
Актуальные вопросы раннего проявления болезней старения, возможности классической и традиционной восточной медицины
Authors: Журавлев Александр Константинович , Голубев Юрий Юрьевич
Published: August 2016

В статье анализируются современные представления о механизмах формирования и прогрессирования старения. Рассматривается физиологическое и патологическое (преждевременное) старение. Описаны возможности классической и традиционной восточной медицины для выявления феномена старения. Отражены современные взгляды на факторы риска и долголетия.
Использование метода газоразрядной визуализации (ГРВ) в психологической подготовке спортсменов национальной команды по биатлону к Олимпийским Играм 2014
Authors: Попова Ирина Александровна
Published: August 2016

Применение метода газоразрядной визуализации (далее ГРВ) в психологическом сопровождении подготовки спортсменов национальных команд представляет интерес как неинвазивный и объективный экспресс-способ диагностики психических и психофизиологических состояний спортсменов.
Similarities and Differences of International Practices and Procedures for the Regulation for Active Substance Master Files/Drug Master Files of Human Use: Moving Toward Regulatory Convergence
Authors: Matsuhama Maki , Takishita Tomoko , Kuribayashi Ryosuke , Takagi Kazunori , Wakao Rika , Mikami Kenichi
Published: August 2016

Purpose. A gap analysis survey of international practices for Active Substance Master Files (ASMFs)/Drug Master Files (DMFs) of human use was conducted as a project of the ASMF/DMF working group of the International Generic Drug Regulators Pilot (IGDRP) to identify similarities and differences among ASMF/DMF procedures of 10 IGDRP members and 2 observers. Methods. We conducted a questionnaire survey and compared the following aspects: overall ASMF/DMF procedures, submission requirements for ASMFs/DMFs, assessment processes for ASMFs/DMFs, the technical requirements for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), generation of assessment reports for ASMFs/DMFs, procedures for changing ASMF/DMF details, and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) inspection/certification of API manufacturers. Twelve organizations participated in this project: the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa), the European Union (EU), Health Canada (HC), the Singapore Health Sciences Authority (HSA), the South African Medicines Control Council (MCC), the South Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS), the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), the Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (Swissmedic), the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration (TFDA), the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare (EDQM) (Observer) and the Prequalification Team (PQT) of the World Health Organization (WHO), which includes the PQT–Medicines (Observer). Results. Although there were many similarities among the participating agencies surveyed, there were also differences that should be discussed such as assessment processes of ASMFs/DMFs and Technical requirements for APIs. Conclusions. These differences revealed by this survey will be key considerations in order to facilitate the filing of ASMFs/DMFs globally and to establish a framework for sharing and utilizing information related to ASMFs/DMFs among IGDRP members in the future. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
Onset of Action and Efficacy of Ibuprofen Liquigel as Compared to Solid Tablets: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lawati Hanan Al , Jamali Fakhreddin
Published: August 2016

Purpose. Ibuprofen liquigel has been believed to provide faster analgesic effect. However, comparative studies evaluating the efficacy of liquigel versus regular tablets are not available. Hence, we carried out a systematic review and a meta-analysis to compare the onset of action and efficacy of over-the-counter doses of ibuprofen liquigel (IBULG) vs ibuprofen tablets (IBUT).  Methods. Published clinical trials of IBULG and IBUT were identified through a systematic search of various data bases up to October, 2015. Results. In total 18 eligible studies on IBUT and 4 on IBULG were found.  There was no significant difference in the median time to the first perceptible pain relief or the proportion of patients with more than 50% pain relief between the two products. However, IBULG yielded significantly greater odd ratios in meaningful pain relief at 60, 90 and 120 min, but not at 30 min, as compared with IBUT.  Conclusion. The available evidence, although not overwhelming, suggest a faster onset of analgesia for liquigel as compared with tablets. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
Crystal-liquid Fugacity Ratio as a Surrogate Parameter for Intestinal Permeability
Authors: Zakeri-Milani Parvin , Fasihi Zohreh , Akbari Jafar , Jannatabadi Ensieh , Barzegar-Jalali Mohammad , Loebenberg Raimar , Valizadeh Hadi
Published: August 2016

Background: We assessed the feasibility of using crystal-liquid fugacity ratio (CLFR) as an alternative parameter for intestinal permeability in the biopharmaceutical classification (BCS) of passively absorbed drugs. Methods: Dose number, fraction of dose absorbed, intestinal permeability, and intrinsic dissolution rate were used as the input parameters. CLFR was determined using thermodynamic parameters i.e., melting point, molar fusion enthalpy, and entropy of drug molecules obtained using differential scanning calorimetry. Results: The CLFR values were in the range of 0.06-41.76 mole percent. There was a close relationship between CLFR and in vivo intestinal permeability (r > 0.8). CLFR values of greater than 2 mole percent corresponded to complete intestinal absorption. Applying CLFR versus dose number or intrinsic dissolution rate, more than 92% of tested drugs were correctly classified with respect to the reported classification system on the basis of human intestinal permeability and solubility. Conclusion: This investigation revealed that the CLFR might be an appropriate parameter for quantitative biopharmaceutical classification. This could be attributed to the fact that CLFR could be a measure of solubility of compounds in lipid bilayer which was found in this study to be directly proportional to the intestinal permeability of compounds. This classification enables researchers to define characteristics for intestinal absorption of all four BCS drug classes using suitable cutoff points for both intrinsic dissolution rate and crystal-liquid fugacity ratio. Therefore, it may be used as a surrogate for permeability studies. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
CSVP 2016 Abstracts
Authors: Murray Alison M
Published: August 2016

Abstract volume for Canadian Society of Vertebrate Palaeontology 2016 Meeting
The impacts of undeveloped roads on the livelihoods of rural women.
Authors: Sewell Shenelle Janalyn
Published: August 2016

Globally poor service delivery is a challenge faced by many rural communities in Third World Countries. The overarching issue of poverty as well as poor services impacts on rural households in Third World Countries. The aim of this study is to assess the impacts of undeveloped roads in the Nyamana community and its direct linkage on the livelihoods of rural women. The Nyamana community is characterised by poor road conditions and is considered an undeveloped area. There is a lack of infrastructural development in the area that places further restrictions on the livelihoods of residents. The use of qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this study. Findings from this study revealed a direct relationship exist between undeveloped roads and access to many other primary services such as education, employment, healthcare facilities and livelihood strategies. Residents in the Nyamana community have no access to electricity and clean water. In addition infrastructural access is a major difficulty for these residents due to insufficient roads. The study has indicated that rural women bear the burden of household chores such as fetching water and collecting fuel wood, which is indicative of the transport burden women carry. Qualitative results of the study reveal that essential services such as healthcare, education and road infrastructure are absent in the community, however no effort is being made by the municipality in improving the provision of services. In addition rural dwellers stated isolation and remoteness as a major contributor to their state of poverty, as they are unreachable and non-existent to the rest of society.Additional findings reveal that patriarchy is widespread in the community, which has led to inequalities with regards to access and mobility amongst women.
El fuero de investigación y juzgamiento penal de altos funcionarios del Estado. Problemas procesales
Authors: Gómez Pavajeau Carlos Arturo , Farfán Molina Francisco Javier
Published: August 2016

La Constitución Política de Colombia dispone que algunos altos funcionarios, en razón de su investidura, deben ser investigados y juzgados por la Corte Suprema de Justicia (miembros del Congreso de la República) o juzgados por esa misma corporación judicial, previa acusación del Fiscal General de la Nación (artículo 235 numeral 4.º). De igual manera, la Carta Política dispone que el Presidente de la República, los magistrados de las altas Cortes y el fiscal tienen la condición de aforados, en cuanto la investigación y juzgamiento de estos está atribuida al Senado de la República, previa acusación de la Cámara de Representantes, y a la Corte Suprema de Justicia, en caso de delitos comunes (artículos 174, 175, 178 numerales 3.º, 4.º y 5.º y 235 numeral 2.º ibídem).El fuero penal y disciplinario de investigación y juzgamiento ha generado un sinnúmero de controversias a nivel doctrinario y jurisprudencial, relacionadas con la competencia exclusiva y excluyente del Fiscal General de la Nación y de los magistrados titulares de la Corte Suprema para adelantar la investigación contra aforados, es decir, sobre la imposibilidad de delegar o comisionar para la práctica de pruebas y diligencias relacionadas con el fuero en tales procesos; el fuero y su relación con el cargo y/o la función; la retención y/o recuperación de la competencia por parte de la Sala Penal de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, tras la renuncia al fuero en procesos por parapolítica; la noción de ejercicio del cargo como fundamento del fuero penal en el caso concreto de los gobernadores encargados; la doble instancia como garantía mínima que deriva de los estándares internacionales en materia de derechos humanos, y lo relacionado con fuero e impunidad en el tema de los juicios políticos o impeachment.