bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical profile and dermoscopic findings in alopecia areata
Authors: Aswin Sreevas O  , Mary Vineetha  , Aswini R
Published: May 2022

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common, chronic, and inflammatory disease that causes non-scarring hair loss. Dermoscopy can be used not only to diagnose AA and differentiate other causes of patchy alopecia but can also be a useful tool in assessing the severity of the disease.
Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the clinical profile, various dermoscopic findings, and correlation between different dermoscopic findings and disease severity of AA.
Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study including clinically diagnosed cases of AA attending the outpatient department of dermatology. A detailed history and clinical examination was done along with dermoscopy of lesion and the patterns were noted.
Results: A total of 117 patients were included in study. About 44% patients had mild AA, 48% had moderate, and 8% had severe alopecia. Patients with atopy and family history had an early onset of disease. Family history, presence of diabetic mellitus, and nail changes were associated with severe disease. The most common dermoscopic finding noted in our study was black dots followed by short vellus hairs, broken hairs, yellow dots, and tapering hairs. Yellow dots correlated positively with severity of AA while black dots, broken hairs, and short vellus hairs correlated negatively with the severity of AA. There was no relation between tapering hairs and severity of AA.
Conclusion: AA is a disease of younger age. Black dots are the most common dermoscopic findings and along with this other patterns can be useful in diagnosis and assessment of severity of disease.
Clinical profile, management, and outcome of obstructive jaundice patient at a tertiary care center: A prospective study
Authors: Gulab Dhar Yadav  , Anju Yadav  , Shraddha Verma  , Mohammad Tahir Hussain
Published: May 2022

Background: There are various causes of obstructive jaundice, choledocholithiasis is the commonest cause. Patients with obstructive jaundice need early diagnosis to established level and nature of obstruction in biliary system. The history and clinical examination in arriving at a correct pre-operative diagnosis in almost always possible today because of advances in imaging techniques over the decades. Presents study attempts to determine the various causes, age and sex pattern in Extra Hepatic obstructive jaundice.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study clinical profile, management, and outcome of obstructive jaundice, patient at a tertiary care center: A prospective study.
Materials and Methods: The present hospital based prospective interventional study was conducted on patients with obstructive jaundice, those were admitted in the Department of General Surgery at GSVM Medical College Kanpur, patients of age more than 12 years both sex after obtaining the consent form the patient or their relatives were studied during the period of study from January 2020 to October 2021.
Results: Of the 50 patients; 29 (58%) were female and 21 (42%) were male, their mean age being 51.10 years. Malignant obstructive jaundice was seen in 19 (38%) patients while 31 (62%) had benign etiology. Amongst the obstructive jaundice cases; pain in abdomen (100%) was commonest symptoms and icterus (100%) was the most common sign. The most common malignancy was Carcinoma (Ca) of the head of pancreas 09 (18%) followed by distal common bile duct (CBD) cholangiocarcinoma 04 (08%), and hilar cholangiocarcinoma 03 (06%). Choledocholithiasis 25 (50%) was the most common benign cause followed by benign stricture of common bile duct 03 (06%).
Conclusion: Obstructive jaundice is one of the common causes of surgically amenable jaundice. Its etiology is varied and diagnosis usually depends on appropriate imaging. Proper diagnosis and treatment is necessary as delay in the diagnosis may cause irreversible pathological changes causing increased morbidity and mortality.
Study of pain scores and need for rescue analgesia with intrathecal fentanyl as an adjuvant with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine for cesarean section
Authors: Thrupthi BP  , Memon Nazima Y , Niteen K Nandanwankar  , Yennawar SD  , Ajay L Jogdand  , Juhi P Bagga
Published: May 2022

Background: Cesarean section contributes to the major part of surgeries taking place in any hospital now a days. Hence, improving anesthesia in cesarean section is of paramount importance. Intrathecal fentanyl can produce rapid, profound analgesia for cesarean section, early labor with minimal side effects. It also has minimal respiratory depressant effect on fetus. Present study was aimed to study pain scores and need for rescue analgesia with intrathecal fentanyl as an adjuvant with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine for cesarean section.
Aims and Objectives: Primary Objective was to evaluate intrathecal fentanyl as an adjuvant with 0.5 % hyperbaric Bupivacaine for caesarean section. The secondary objective was to compare onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade as well as to assess pain scores, analgesic requirements and side effects.
Materials and Methods: The present study was hospital-based randomized double-blind control study conducted in pregnant women of 18–35 years age, 50–70 kg weight, ASA-II, posted for elective cesarean section. 60 patients were randomly divided into Group I (study group, n=30, receiving 0.5 % hyperbaric bupivacaine 1.6 ml+intrathecal fentanyl 0.4 ml/20 mcg) and Group II (control group, n=30, receiving 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 1.6 ml+0.4 ml normal saline).
Results: The difference in mean time for onset of sensory block, onset of motor block, maximum time taken to achieve highest level of sensory analgesia, total duration of motor block, and degree of motor block was statistically insignificant. The difference in mean duration of time to sensory regression was statistically highly significant (P<0.0001). VAS score was used to assess pain postoperatively initially every 5 min then every 30 min up to 5 h. VAS score in post-operative period was less in Group I and difference was statistically significant. Mean Apgar Score at 1 and 5 min were comparable in both the groups with no statistically significant difference. Diclofenac consumption was significantly decreased in Group I as compared to group II.
Conclusion: We conclude that the 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine 8 mg with Fentanyl 20 μg is safe, effective, superior for spinal anesthesia, provided more longer duration of analgesia and significantly reduced number of rescue analgesia doses in cesarean section.
Significance of tumor budding in colorectal carcinoma – A tertiary care center study
Authors: Naik Preeta , J Hemalatha , T S Sowmya , K R Nagesha
Published: May 2022

Background: Colorectal carcinoma is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Although the current TNM staging helps in prognostic stratification, these cancers are known to show heterogeneous behavior within the same stage. A search for other prognostic histopathological factors has been in process. One such factor is tumor budding.
Aims and Objectives: This study was aimed at enumerating tumor budding, stratifying it, and identifying correlation with other the clinicopathological factors.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan. A total of 124 cases were studied. Archived blocks and slides were retrieved, reviewed, and assigned a tumor budding grade on H&E staining. Grade of tumor budding was correlated with various clinical and histopathological parameters for statistically significant association.
Results: A total of 124 cases were studied which showed female preponderance (54.8%) in presentation and the most common age group being 61–70years (48%). Adenocarcinoma was the most common histological subtype (83.8%). Lymph node metastasis was observed in 52 cases (42%). The grade of tumor budding was low in 96 cases (77.5%), intermediate in 20 cases (16%), and high in 8 cases (6.5%). Statistically significant association was observed between grade of tumor budding and age, histological grade, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node involvement.
Conclusion: Tumor budding is an independent prognostic marker for adverse prognosis and predictor of lymph node metastasis. Enumerating tumor budding on routine H&E slide is an inexpensive method of providing additional prognostic factors for better patient management.
The Curious Case of Night Blindness: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Thakur Mahak , Praveen Shahjadi , Saif Mohd , Waris Abdul
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Gyrate Atrophy of the choroid and the retina is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation in ornithine aminotransferase. Case Report: We present an interesting case of a 55-year-old male who presented to us with complaints of night blindness, increase in number of minus glasses, senile cataract in both eyes, constriction of peripheral visual field and chorioretinal atrophic lesions in both eyes. Blood investigation revealed raised plasma ornithine levels at 690 micromole/L (normal range 30-90 micromole/L). There is progressive night blindness and visual field constriction due to progressive chorioretinal degeneration. It has now progressed to diminution of central visual acuity due to progressive macular and glaucomatous changes and cataract formation. Conclusion: There is history of blindness in two out of 6 more siblings which indicates a hereditary pattern.
Relationship of Work Hours and Sleep Hours with Anthropometric Measures in Pakistani Laborers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mehtab Mehreen , Khan Farooq Ahmad , Atif Malik Muhammad , Malik Seemin Kashif
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Obesity is a known risk factor for type2 DM, hypertension, fatty liver, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Long work hours and short sleep duration might lead to obesity in migrant workers. Objective/Aim: Study was done to show the effects of work hours and sleep hours on the nutritional status of Pakistani laborers working in KSA. Method: It was a cross-sectional study. Pakistani male, 25-60 years old, unskilled and semi-skilled workers were included. Sociodemographic profile, length of work hours, and sleep hours were recorded. Anthropometric measures included BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and conicity index (CI). Results: About 80% of participants were 48 hours/week, and half of the participants slept for
Comparison of Gastrocnemius-Soleus Stretching Program versus Tendoachilles Stretching Exercises for Management of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Soomro Saifullah , Soomro Zamir Ahmed
Published: May 2022

painful and incapacitating ailment that frustrates both the patient and the physician. Stretching exercises that target the plantar fascia are an excellent therapy option for plantar fasciitis. Objective: Objective of this study was to compare the outcome of Gastrocnemius-Soleus Stretching Program versus tendoachilles stretching exercises for management of chronic plantar fasciitis Material and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted from March 2020 to May 2021 at department of orthopaedic Chandka medical Larkana after getting approval from institutional ethical committee. Patients of age 30-70 years of either gender, undergoing chronic plantar fasciitis, were included and were randomly divided in two groups. In group A, GastrocnemiusSoleus Stretching Program was applied. In group B, tendoachilles stretching exercises was applied. Pain score was noted at baseline and after 8 weeks, change in pain score was calculated. All the information was noted on proforma while entered and analyzed in SPSS version 21. Independent samples t-test was applied to compare the mean change in pain score in both groups. P-value< 0.05). Conclusion: It has been concluded that Gastrocnemius-Soleus Stretching exercise is more effective in reducing symptoms of Plantar Fasciitis in adult population.
Validity and Reliability of a Core Competencies Instrument for Nursing Students
Authors: Jo Eunhee , Hwang Soon-Jung , Ryu Jeong-Lim , Kim Shin-Hee
Published: May 2022

Introduction: One of the basic competencies to become a professional nurse is clinical performance. Therefore, many studies use tools modified and supplemented by Choi to measure the clinical performance of nursing students, but there is no tool to measure the core competencies of nursing students. Aim/Objectives: This methodological study tested the reliability and validity of a self-report instrument measuring the core competencies of nursing students. Internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity were assessed using confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis. Methods: Questionnaire data was collected from 249 nursing students at four universities in J province, South Korea, from August 20 to September 30, 2020. Results: The core competencies showed reliable internal consistency, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.90 for the total scale. Factor loadings of the 32 items on seven subscales ranged from 0.53 to 0.88, and three factors explained a total variance of 66.22%. The seven subscales model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (root mean square residual 0.90). Conclusions: The results demonstrate that the instrument is useful in measuring the core competencies of nursing students.
Дієслова зі складеними префіксами в «Граматиці української мови» Василя Сімовича
Authors: Царук О. В.
Published: May 2022

Проаналізовано дієслова зі складеними префіксами в "Граматиці української мови" Василя Сімовича. Зосереджено увагу на дослідженні конотаційного маскування дієслів із кількома префіксами.
Переклади сонетів А. Міцкевича Максимом Рильським у світлі близькості граматичних систем української та польської мов
Authors: Царук О. В.
Published: May 2022

Предметом аналізу дослідження є ступінь близькості до польського оригіналу українських перекладів М. Рильського сонетів А. Міцкевича у контрастивному зіставленні із російськими В. Левіка, А. Ревіча, І. Буніна.
Методи та засоби сплайн-технології обробки сигналів складної форми
Authors: Шелевицький Ігор Володимирович
Published: May 2022

Книга присвячена методам та засобам сплайн-технології обробки сигналів складної форми. Розглянуто питання адаптації сплайнів до частотних властивостей сигналів, алгоритми інтерполяції, фільтрації, ідентифікації, стиснення сигналів.
Математические модели в экологии
Authors: Семеріков Сергій Олексійович , Завизена Наталья Станиславовна
Published: May 2022

Моделирование - эффективный инструмент, позволяющий объединить знания из разных учебных дисциплин. Моделирование вообще и компьютерное моделирование в частности способно выполнять важную гуманистическую функцию, ведь возможность спрогнозировать последствия определенных антропогенных факторов позволяет избежать опасных и нежелательных явлений даже в глобальных масштабах (изменение климата планеты, ядерная зима и т.п.). Следовательно, оно в состоянии формировать содержание и стиль политического мышления в современном обществе.
Інструментальне забезпечення курсу комп’ютерного моделювання
Authors: Соловйов Володимир Миколайович , Семеріков Сергій Олексійович , Теплицький Ілля Олександрович
Published: May 2022

Комп’ютерне моделювання як сучасний метод теоретичного пізнання неминуче ставить перед дослідником питання про вибір середовища для моделювання, адекватного досліджуваній проблемі. Навчання методам комп’ютерного моделювання є важливою складовою підготовки сучасного фахівця. Розуміючи, що така робота не повинна носити епізодичний характер, ми розробили відповідні спецкурси для старших школярів та студентів.
Методика викладання чисельних методів у об’єктній методології
Authors: Семеріков Сергій Олексійович
Published: May 2022

Представлена компактна об’єктно-орієнтована бібліотека математичних класів, призначена для підтримки курсу чисельних методів.
Методичні основи вивчення теми «Операційні системи» у підготовці майбутнього вчителя
Authors: Семеріков Сергій Олексійович
Published: May 2022

Стрімкий розвиток інформатики як науки, вдосконалення засобів обчислювальної техніки та програмного забезпечення призводить до швидкого застарівання навичок роботи з конкретними програмними продуктами. Відомий спеціаліст у галузі програмування Дональд Кнут, відмічаючи цю тенденцію, підкреслює необхідність навчання концептуальних основ інформатики, її математичної та алгоритмічної складових, що формують загальні прийоми та методи роботи майбутнього спеціаліста.
Комп’ютерне моделювання механічних рухів у середовищі електронних таблиць
Authors: Теплицький Ілля Олександрович , Семеріков Сергій Олексійович
Published: May 2022

Розроблений авторами факультативний курс «Елементи ком­п'ютерного моделювання» передбачає ознайомлення учнів з основними принципами побудови й дослідження математичних моделей, навчання найпоширеніших прийомів і методів такої роботи, формування культури дослідницької діяльності засобами EOT. Матеріал посібника включає широкий спектр задач курсу фізики, а подані приклади ілюструють де­які аспекти авторської методики.
Концепція курсу подіє-орієнтованого програмування в системі X Window
Authors: Поліщук Олександр Павлович , Семеріков Сергій Олексійович
Published: May 2022

В статті розглядається концепція курсу подіє-орієнтованого програмування в системі X Window у вищій школі.
Мобільне інформаційно-освітнє середовище вищого навчального закладу
Authors: Моісеєнко Михайло Вікторович , Моісеєнко Наталя Володимирівна , Семеріков Сергій Олексійович
Published: May 2022

У тезах висвітлено визначення поняття мобільного інформаційно-освітнього середовища вищого навчального закладу, спрямованого на задоволення освітньо-наукових потреб всіх користувачів у забезпеченні необхідними електронними ресурсами у будь-який час та у будь-якому місці.
Google cloud services as a way to enhance learning and teaching at university
Authors: Korobeinikova Tetiana I. , Volkova Nataliia P. , Kozhushko Svitlana P. , Holub Daryna O. , Zinukova Nataliia V. , Kozhushkina Tetyana L. , Vakarchuk Sergei B.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the issue of a cloud-based learning system implementation as a powerful strategy for future specialists’ training at higher educational establishments. Using cloud computing in self-work management of the university courses is essential to equip students with a workload of appropriate educational materials and variable activities for professional training. Theoretical and empirical research methods were applied to select the appropriate services and tools for organizing students’ self-work at university. Critical analysis of scientific literature, synthesis of the data, didactic observation of the educational process, designing of the skeleton for university courses, questionnaires enabled to facilitate the study of the issue. G Suite has been chosen to enhance the quality of training of prospective specialists at a higher educational establishment. This paper introduces the outcomes of the project on applying Google Classroom in the management of students’ self-work while studying university courses. The focus of the first stage of the project was on testing pilot versions of the courses with the aim to work out the requirements and recommendations for incorporation general blended learning model of university courses. Particular attention is drawn to the designed model of the university course based on the curriculum with the necessary components of blended learning in the G Suite virtual environment. Cloud-based higher education is considered as a prospective tool for design of university courses with the need for further research and implementation.
Improving the content of training future translators in the aspect of studying modern CAT tools
Authors: Tarasenko Rostyslav O. , Amelina Svitlana M. , Azaryan Albert A.
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the search for improving the content of training for future translators, taking into account the expansion of the use of information technologies in the field of translation. The results of a study of curriculums for translators at the universities of Europe, America and Asia are presented. The use of CAT systems in the work of translation agencies is shown. The presentation of various CAT systems in training programs for translators and their use in the market of translation services is analyzed. It has been established that both university curricula and translation agencies are oriented, as a rule, not to one, but to several CAT systems. The results of a student survey based on their practice in translation agencies are presented. Recommendations have been developed regarding the inclusion of the most common CAT systems in the training program for translators. The expediency of studying not just one, but several CAT systems is substantiated. The necessity of studying both desktop and cloud CAT systems is indicated.
Cloud technologies as a tool of creating Earth Remote Sensing educational resources
Authors: Kholoshyn Ihor V. , Bondarenko Olga V. , Hanchuk Olena V. , Varfolomyeyeva Iryna M.
Published: May 2022

This article is dedicated to the Earth Remote Sensing (ERS), which the authors believe is a great way to teach geography and allows forming an idea of the actual geographic features and phenomena. One of the major problems that now constrains the active introduction of remote sensing data in the educational process is the low availability of training aerospace pictures, which meet didactic requirements. The article analyzes the main sources of ERS as a basis for educational resources formation with aerospace images: paper, various individual sources (personal stations receiving satellite information, drones, balloons, kites and balls) and Internet sources (mainstream sites, sites of scientific-technical organizations and distributors, interactive Internet geoservices, cloud platforms of geospatial analysis). The authors point out that their geospatial analysis platforms (Google Earth Engine, Land Viewer, EOS Platform, etc.), due to their unique features, are the basis for the creation of information thematic databases of ERS. The article presents an example of such a database, covering more than 800 aerospace images and dynamic models, which are combined according to such didactic principles as high information load and clarity.
Web-based online course training higher school mathematics teachers
Authors: Vlasenko Kateryna V. , Volkov Sergei V. , Kovalenko Daria A. , Sitak Iryna V. , Chumak Olena O. , Kostikov Alexander A.
Published: May 2022

The article looks into the problem of theoretical aspects of using Web 2.0 technology in higher education. This paper describes answers of 87 respondents who have helped to identify the most required types of educational content for the integration to pages of the online course training higher school mathematics teachers. The authors carry out a theoretical analysis of researches and resources that consider the development of theoretical aspects of using web tools in higher education. The research presents the characteristics common to online courses, principles of providing a functioning and physical placement of online systems in webspace. The paper discusses the approaches of creating and using animated content in online systems. The authors describe the methods of publishing video content in web systems, in particular, the creation and use of video lectures, animation, presentations. This paper also discusses several of the existing options of integrating presentations on web pages and methods of integrating mathematical expressions in web content. It is reasonable to make a conclusion about the expediency of promoting online courses, the purpose of which is to get mathematics teachers acquainted with the technical capabilities of creating educational content developed on Web 2.0 technology.
Application of GeoGebra in Stereometry teaching
Authors: Pylypenko Olha S. , Kramarenko Tetiana H. , Muzyka Ivan O.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the paper is to improve methodology of teaching Mathematics via the use of cloud technology. The task of the paper is to identify the issues that require a theoretical and experimental solution. The objective of the paper is the educational process in the higher education institution, the subject of the paper is modern ICT. The result of the study is the learning tools of pedagogically considered and adequate bending of conventional and modern learning environment implemented into the educational process. The possibilities of using cloud technologies and Dynamic Mathematics system GeoGebra in the educational process through Stereometry specialized training have been revealed. The use of GeoGebra Dynamic Mathematics in Stereometry teaching will favourably influence the formation of students’ STEM competencies. In order to encourage Mathematics and Computer Science teachers to implement effectively the elements of STEM education, it is suggested that cloud-based learning tools such as GeoGebra be used in the teaching process.
Econophysics of sustainability indices
Authors: Bielinskyi Andriy , Semerikov Serhiy , Serdiuk Oleksandr , Solovieva Victoria , Soloviev Vladimir , Pichl Lukáš
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the possibility of using some econophysical methods for quantitative assessment of complexity measures: entropy (Shannon, Approximate and Permutation entropies), fractal (Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis – MF-DFA), and quantum (Heisenberg uncertainty principle) is investigated. Comparing the capability of both entropies, it is obtained that both measures are presented to be computationally efficient, robust, and useful. Each of them detects patterns that are general for crisis states. The similar results are for other measures. MF-DFA approach gives evidence that Dow Jones Sustainability Index is multifractal, and the degree of it changes significantly at different periods. Moreover, we demonstrate that the quantum apparatus of econophysics has reliable models for the identification of instability periods. We conclude that these measures make it possible to establish that the socially responsive exhibits characteristic patterns of complexity, and the proposed measures of complexity allow us to build indicators-precursors of critical and crisis phenomena.
Gesamtkoordination Rutschung Brienz
Authors: Wilhelm Christian , Nagy Christian , Maissen Urban
Published: May 2022

Der Kanton Graubünden wurde in den vergangenen Jahren im Naturgefahrenbereich stark gefordert. Er nutzt die Erfahrungen und Erkenntnisse nun bei der Bewältigung der Rutschung in Brienz/ Brinzauls. Dort stellen sich angesichts der unsicheren Entwicklung und der nicht absehbaren Dauer der Ereignisse neue Herausforderungen. Die Rutschung beschleunigt sich seit Ende 2017 massiv. Zahlreiche Projekte und Abklärungen werden deshalb eng aufeinander abgestimmt. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden insbesondere die Koordination und Zusammenarbeit von Bund, Kanton und Gemeinde erläutert. Aufgrund der unsicheren Entwicklung muss in Szenarien vorausgedacht werden, und private Infrastrukturträger müssen gewichtige Eventualplanungen ins Auge fassen. Die Koordination im Bereich Infrastrukturprojekte ist exemplarisch für den Risikodialog im Kontext der öffentlichen Risikovorsorge und des privaten Risikomanagements. Die Verhältnismässigkeit der bereits getätigten und noch ausstehenden grossen Investitionen wird mit Risikoanalysen aufgezeigt. Dazu wird im Artikel die Methodik der Risikoanalyse anhand der Rutschung Dorf vertieft.
Geologisch-hydrogeologische Detailuntersuchungen
Authors: Breitenmoser Thomas , Thöny Reto , Figi Daniel
Published: May 2022

Das Dorf Brienz/Brinzauls im Kanton Graubünden rutscht momentan etwa 1.5 m pro Jahr talwärts Richtung Albula. Zudem besteht eine Gefährdung durch Stein- und Blockschlag sowie Berg- und Felssturzereignisse. Die gegenwärtige Entwicklung ist für Dorbewohner und -bewohnerinnen und Versorgungs- und Infrastrukturbetreiber nicht mehr tragbar und verlangt nach Massnahmen, die eine möglichst rasche und langanhaltende Verbesserung der Situation bringen. Die 2018 im Gebiet des Dorfes gestarteten und 2020 auf die instabilen Felsmassen oberhalb des Dorfes ausgeweiteten geologischen Detailuntersuchungen haben zum Ziel, ein fundiertes Verständnis der Rutschung und der damit zusammenhängenden Prozesse zu erhalten. Darauf basierend sollen mögliche Massnahmen für eine Sanierung der Rutschung geprüft werden. Der im Herbst 2021 begonnene Sondierstollen westlich des Dorfes dient einerseits dazu, weitere grundlegende Erkenntnisse zu den geologischen und insbesondere hydrogeologischen Verhältnissen innerhalb und unterhalb der Rutschmasse zu gewinnen. Andererseits will man damit die Wirksamkeit von Tiefenentwässerungsmassnahmen im Rahmen eines grossmassstäblichen Feldversuches prüfen und beurteilen.
Risikomanagement am «Spitze Stei»
Authors: Hählen Nils , Brönnimann Cornelia , Häberle Jörg , Kienholz Christian , Riner Rachel , Graf Kaspar , Tobler Daniel
Published: May 2022

Am «Spitze Stei» oberhalb von Kandersteg im Berner Oberland drohen grössere Felsabbrüche mit Volumen von 100 000 bis einigen Millionen Kubikmetern. Die instabile Bergflanke besteht aus mehreren Rutschkörpern. Eine Ursache der aktuellen Krise dürfte die Permafrostdegradation sein, welche die Wasserdurchlässigkeit im Fels erhöht, wodurch der Wassereintrag in die instabile Bergflanke steigt. Die Sicherheit der Bevölkerung wird durch eine Kombination von organisatorischen, baulichen und raumplanerischen Massnahmen erreicht. Eine grosse Herausforderung für die verantwortlichen Stellen des Kantons und der Gemeinde sind die ständige Bereitschaft und die Vorbereitung auf ein Ereignis, das unter Umständen noch Jahre auf sich warten lässt.
Licht am Ende des Sondierstollens?
Authors: Moos Christine
Published: May 2022

Wasser ist der Hauptantrieb der Rutschbewegungen in Brienz/Brinzauls. Zurzeit wird mittels eines Sondierstollens geprüft, ob die Rutschung entwässert und dadurch gestoppt werden kann. Ob eine Tiefenentwässerung die erwünschte Wirkung erbringt, wird sich in den nächsten zwei Jahren zeigen. Die Hoffnung ist gross.
Sustainable Development Goals bei Johann Coaz?
Authors: Stuber Martin
Published: May 2022

Am 31. Mai 2022 wäre Johann Coaz 200 Jahre altgeworden. Die Erfolge und Grenzen des Bündner Forstpioniers können als Inspirationsquelle bei der Suche nach der gesellschaftlichen Rolle der Waldwirtschaft im 21. Jahrhundert und dem Verständnis der UNO-Nachhaltigkeitsziele dienen.
Environmental study on Guanche mummy caves
Authors: García Morales María , Rosario Adrián M. Candelaria , Rufino García Ruth , Benito Mateo Carmen , González Ginovés Laura
Published: May 2022

This paper discusses the monitoring of air temperature and relative humidity in six Guanche burial caves and their correlation with the local climate trends, this is undertaken in order to find out if the conditions in- side the caves facilitated natural desiccation or the preservation of the bodies.
20 years of collaborative genetic research between Instituto Canario de Bioantropología and Instituto Nacional de Toxicología y Ciencias Forenses (1997-2017)
Authors: Martín-Rodríguez Alberto Jesús , Hernández-Luis Alexis , Cuellas-Arroyo José Antonio , Rodríguez-Martín Conrado
Published: May 2022

Since its foundation, the Instituto Canario de Bioantropología (ICB, Canary Institute of Bioanthropology) has been aware of the importance of studying human remains not only from a bioanthropological and paleopathological perspective, but also from a molecular point of view. To carry out these studies, since 1997, the ICB establishes a collaboration agreement with the Instituto Nacional de Toxicología y Ciencias Forenses (INALTOX, National Institute of Toxicology and Forensics Sciences, Ministry of Justice). In this paper we review the research lines that, using aDNA, were opened in the fields of paleodemography and paleopathology, as well as the future lines of research.
Usability of the Virtual Supermarket Test for Older Adults with and without Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zygouris Stelios , Segkouli Sofia , Triantafyllidis Andreas , Giakoumis Dimitrios , Tsolaki Magdalini , Votis Konstantinos , Tzovaras Dimitrios
Published: May 2022

This study conducted a preliminary usability assessment of the Virtual Supermarket Test (VST), a serious game-based self-administered cognitive screening test for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Twenty-four healthy older adults with subjective cognitive decline and 33 patients with MCI self-administered the VST and then completed the System Usability Scale (SUS). The average SUS score was 83.11 (SD = 14.6). The SUS score was unaffected by age, education, touch device familiarity, and diagnosis of MCI. SUS score correlated with VST performance ( r = –0.496, p = 0.000). Results of this study indicate good usability of the VST.
Nonlocal p-Kirchhoff equations with singular and critical nonlinearity terms
Authors: Ghanmi Abdeljabbar , Kratou Mouna , Saoudi Kamel , Repovš Dušan D.
Published: May 2022

The objective of this work is to investigate a nonlocal problem involving singular and critical nonlinearities: [Formula: see text] where Ω is a bounded domain in [Formula: see text] with the smooth boundary [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is the nonlocal p-Laplace operator and [Formula: see text] is the Gagliardo p-seminorm. We combine some variational techniques with a truncation argument in order to show the existence and the multiplicity of positive solutions to the above problem.
Small RNA Sequencing in the Tg4–42 Mouse Model Suggests the Involvement of snoRNAs in the Etiology of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Lio Chit Tong , Kacprowski Tim , Klaedtke Maik , Jensen Lars R. , Bouter Yvonne , Bayer Thomas A. , Kuss Andreas W.
Published: May 2022

Background: The Tg4-42 mouse model for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has unique features, as the neuronal expression of wild type N-truncated Aβ4–42 induces an AD-typical neurological phenotype in the absence of plaques. It is one of the few models developing neuron death in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. As such, it could serve as a powerful tool for preclinical drug testing and identification of the underlying molecular pathways that drive the pathology of AD. Objective: The aim of this study was to use a differential co-expression analysis approach for analyzing a small RNA sequencing dataset from a well-established murine model in order to identify potentially new players in the etiology of AD. Methods: To investigate small nucleolar RNAs in the hippocampus of Tg4-42 mice, we used RNA-Seq data from this particular tissue and, instead of analyzing the data at single gene level, employed differential co-expression analysis, which takes the comparison to gene pair level and thus affords a new angle to the interpretation of these data. Results: We identified two clusters of differentially correlated small RNAs, including Snord55, Snord57, Snord49a, Snord12, Snord38a, Snord99, Snord87, Mir1981, Mir106b, Mir30d, Mir598, and Mir99b. Interestingly, some of them have been reported to be functionally relevant in AD pathogenesis, as AD biomarkers, regulating tau phosphorylation, TGF-β receptor function or Aβ metabolism. Conclusion: The majority of snoRNAs for which our results suggest a potential role in the etiology of AD were so far not conspicuously implicated in the context of AD pathogenesis and could thus point towards interesting new avenues of research in this field.
The Huntington’s Disease Health Index: Initial Evaluation of a Disease-Specific Patient Reported Outcome Measure
Authors: Brumfield Olivia S. , Zizzi Christine E. , Dilek Nuran , Alexandrou Danae G. , Glidden Alistair M. , Rosero Spencer , Weinstein Jennifer , Seabury Jamison , Kaat Aaron , McDermott Michael P. , Dorsey E. Ray , Heatwole Chad R.
Published: May 2022

Background: When developed properly, disease-specific patient reported outcome measures have the potential to measure relevant changes in how a patient feels and functions in the context of a therapeutic trial. The Huntington’s Disease Health Index (HD-HI) is a multifaceted disease-specific patient reported outcome measure (PROM) designed specifically to satisfy previously published FDA guidance for developing PROMs for product development and labeling claims. Objective: In preparation for clinical trials, we examine the validity, reliability, clinical relevance, and patient understanding of the Huntington’s Disease Health Index (HD-HI). Methods: We partnered with 389 people with Huntington’s disease (HD) and caregivers to identify the most relevant questions for the HD-HI. We subsequently utilized two rounds of factor analysis, cognitive interviews with fifteen individuals with HD, and test-retest reliability assessments with 25 individuals with HD to refine, evaluate, and optimize the HD-HI. Lastly, we determined the capability of the HD-HI to differentiate between groups of HD participants with high versus low total functional capacity score, prodromal versus manifest HD, and normal ambulation versus mobility impairment. Results: HD participants identified 13 relevant and unique symptomatic domains to be included as subscales in the HD-HI. All HD-HI subscales had a high level of internal consistency and reliability and were found by participants to have acceptable content, relevance, and usability. The total HD-HI score and each subscale score statistically differentiated between groups of HD participants with high versus low disease burden. Conclusion: Initial evaluation of the HD-HI supports its validity and reliability as a PROM for assessing how individuals with HD feel and function.
Fuzzy set-valued information systems and their homomorphisms based on data compression
Authors: Wang Pei , Zhao Zhengwei , Wang Zhihong , Li Zhaowen
Published: May 2022

A fuzzy set-valued information system (FSVIS) is a special information system (IS) where the value of an object under each attribute or each attribute value is a fuzzy set. Homomorphism is a powerful mathematical tool to deal with FSVISs, which can be used to study relationships among them. Based on data compression, we obtain some characterizations about FSVISs and their homomorphisms. First, some homomorphisms between FSVISs are introduced. After that, attribute reduction based on tolerance relation in a FSVIS is studied. Eventually, we get invariant characterizations of FSVISs based on some special homomorphisms under data compression.
IoMT aware data collective quadratic ensembled cat boost module classification algorithm for non-invasive blood glucose monitoring in VLSI design
Authors: Suresh R. , Helenprabha K.
Published: May 2022

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is the combination of medical devices and utilization by networking technologies. But, the response time and cost were not reduced. In order to address these issues, IoMT Aware Data Collective Quadratic Ensembled Cat Boost Module Classification (IoMT-DCQECBMC) Method is introduced. Initially, IoMT Aware Data Collection is used for gathering data from medical devices. After the data collection process, Quadratic Ensembled Cat Boost Module Classification (QECBM) is carried out in IoMT-DCQECBMC Method to design an efficient VLSI architecture with minimal cost and area. The quadratic classifier is considered the weak learner that categorizes the module for efficient VLSI design. Finally, the weak learners are joined to form the strong classifier to perform non-invasive blood glucose monitoring efficiently. Experimental evaluation is carried out on the factors such as computation cost, area, and accuracy with respect to a number of modules in VLSI circuits. The accuracy of the IoMT-DCQECBMC method is increased by 4% than conventional methods. In addition, the area consumption and computation cost of the proposed IoMT-DCQECBMC method are reduced by 13% to 30% other than existing methods.
Borassus aethiopum (Mart.) ethanol fruit extract reverses alloxan-treatment alterations in experimental animals
Authors: Adams Moses Dele , Eze Ejike Daniel
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:

Borassus aethiopum fruit is claimed to be used for the management of diabetes without scientific validation.

OBJECTIVE:

This study seeks to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic activity of ethanol fruit extract of Borassus aethiopum in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

METHODS:

36 rats were placed in six groups (i-vi) ( n = 6). Animals in group i (standard) were given 0.4 mls of distilled water (d.w) whereas the ones assigned to group ii, iii, iv, v and vi which were induced into diabetes (by intake of 140 mg/kg body weight [b.w] of alloxan) were also respectively given d.w, 50 mg/kg b.w of metformin, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg b.w of ethanol fruit extract of Borassus aethiopum, once daily for 14 days.

RESULTS:

Flavonoid found in the extract (24.04 mg/ml) occurred the most with phenolic (0.35 mg/ml) being the least. While alloxan substantially (p <  0.05) increased the levels of some biological molecules and enzyme activity, it lowered those of others. The extract however significantly (p <  0.05) reversed all the alloxan-induced alterations, with the extract at 100 mg/kg b.w producing figures that compared (p >  0.05) well with those of the d.w treated non-diabetic animals and metformin-treated diabetic animals. The extract also renewed the wholeness of histological damage in the pancreas.

CONCLUSION:

The bioactive agents of B. aethiopum presented antihyperglycaemic property by preventing diabetes via reversal of alloxan-treatment alterations in the animals.
COVID-19 pandemic lockdown effect on neonatal hospital admissions from the community
Authors: Almeida André Coelho , Granado Maria Cristina , Sousa Patrícia , Vieira Maria João
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: The lockdowns imposed by countries due to COVID-19 pandemic had enormous impact on healthcare. Our goal is to determine consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on neonatal hospitalizations and disease incidence in our hospital. METHODS: Observational retrospective study comparing newborns admitted to the neonatal care unit (NCU) from emergency department (ED). Newborns were distributed in two groups according to the date of the lockdown (22/3/2020): pre-lockdown group (12 month before) and post-lockdown group (12 month after). Categorical variables were compared according to chi square test and continuous variables with Mann-Whitney test. A Bonferroni corrected p-value < 0.006 was considered statistically significant. The monthly hospitalization rate between the two groups was analyzed with Generalized Method of Moments – System. RESULTS: We included 99 patients, 65/99 (65.7%) in the pre-lockdown group and 34/99 (34.3%) in the post-lockdown group. Pre-lockdown group: median age at hospitalization 19 (10–26) days, duration of symptoms 12 (5.5–36) hours. Post-lockdown group: median age at hospitalization 16 (6–24) days, duration of symptoms 14 (6–72) hours. The incidence of contagious disease was higher in the pre-lockdown group: 27/65 (41.5%) versus 3/34 (8.8%) in post-lockdown group (p = 0.001). No statistically significant difference in gestational age, gender, age at hospitalization, duration of symptoms and length of stay. CONCLUSION: Lockdown decreased admissions in NCU due to the decrease in contagious infections. The similar duration of symptoms before age at hospitalization in the two groups might indicate that health care accessibility has been maintained.
Concurrent validity, test-retest reliability, and sensitivity of a PostureRite system measurement on dynamic postural sway and risk of fall in cerebral palsy
Authors: Kim Heejun , Park Chanhee , You Joshua (Sung) H.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Accurately diagnosing dynamic postural sway (DPS) is essential for effective and sustainable intervention in children with cerebral palsy (CP). We developed an accurate, inexpensive, and wearable DPS measurement system to measure DPS accurately and consistently during walking and functional activities of daily living. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the validity and reliability of this PostureRite system in children with CP, and the link between PostureRite and clinical measures including gross motor function measure (GMFM), pediatric balance scale (PBS), and fall efficacy scale (FES). METHODS: Twenty-one participants were categorized as follows: 11 healthy adults (3 females, mean age, 25.00±1.00 years) and 10 children with CP (mean age, 11.10±6.28 years). We determined the concurrent validity of PostureRite by comparing DPS data to the gold standard accelerometer measurement results. We determined test-retest reliability by measuring DPS data on three occasions at 2-h intervals. We assessed PostureRite measurement sensitivity to ascertain differences between healthy children and children with CP DPS measurements. RESULTS: Random and mixed intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,k and ICC3,k) were obtained; an independent T-test was performed (P < 0.05). Concurrent validity analysis showed a good relationship between the gold standard accelerometer and PostureRite (ICC2,k = 0.973, P < 0.05). Test-retest reliability demonstrated a good relationship across the three repeated measures of the DPS data (ICC3,k = 0.816–0.924, P < 0.05). Independent T-test revealed a significant difference in DPS data between healthy adults and children with CP (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We developed a portable, wireless, and affordable PostureRite system to measure DPS during gross motor function associated with daily activity and participation, and established the concurrent validity, test-retest reliability as sensitivity, and clinical relevance by comparing the DPS obtained from the participants with and without CP.
Does acupuncture therapy improve language function of patients with aphasia following ischemic stroke? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sang Bomo , Deng Shizhe , Zhai Jingbo , Hao Ting , Zhuo Bifang , Qin Chenyang , Zhang Menglong , Zhao Xiaofeng , Meng Zhihong
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Aphasia is one of the most common complications in patients with ischemic stroke. Studies have shown that acupuncture can improve the symptoms of aphasia patients. However, the effect of acupuncture on language function in patients with ischemic stroke is still controversial. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to critically assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for aphasia following ischemic stroke. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science Core Collection, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Digital Periodicals, and Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals database were searched. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the criteria were included. RESULTS: Meta-analyses showed that mean difference in change of auditory comprehension score (MD = 7.71, 95% CI: 1.83 to 13.59, P = 0.01), spontaneous speech (MD = 2.77, 95% CI: 0.59 to 4.95, P = 0.01), repetition score (MD = 14.48, 95% CI: 11.04 to 17.91, P < 0.00001) and naming score (MD = 14.60, 95% CI: 11.33 to 17.88, P < 0.00001) measured by WAB scale were statistically significant. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that there were statistically significant mean differences in four items of WAB scale in patients with sub-acute stroke, and no statistically significant differences in patients with acute stroke. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that acupuncture may improve the language function of patients with aphasia following ischemic stroke, especially during the sub-acute phase. However, due to insufficient sample sizes and information on the safety, more high-quality RCTs are still needed