bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial Analysis of Urban Settlement Development in Kudus District with Cellular automata marcov Model (Case Study: Kota District, Bae District, Jati District and Kaliwungu District)
Authors: Amarrohman Fauzi Janu , Wahyuddin Yasser , Novialis Elly Indah
Published: June 2022

The increase in the need for residential land will encourage changes in land use functions. Monitoring the development of urban settlements in Kudus Regency, specifically in the Districts of Bae, Jati, Kaliwungu and Kota needs to be carried out so as not to cause a transfer of land use functions that deviate from the applicable RTRW. Monitoring can be done by modeling. The modeling of urban settlement development is then combined with GIS to support the spatial analysis. This study aims to determine the changes in land use function for urban settlements in 2010-2020 with the overlay identity method, apply the CA-Marcov method in predicting land use for urban settlements in 2030 and find the value of modeling conformity with the RTRW map and its development pattern using the average nearest neighbor. The data used are WordView images in 2010 and 2015, SPOT-7 images in 2020 and the RTRW Map of Kab. Holy year 2012-2032. The results showed that the development of urban settlements in 2010-2015 was 162,375 Ha, while in 2015-2020 it was 55,978 Ha. During 2010 to 2020, the food crop agricultural area changed its function into urban settlements amounting to 126,927 Ha. The area of land for urban settlements as a result of the prediction of land use in 2030 is 3323,285 Ha, where the agricultural area for food crops is the largest land converted into urban settlements of 321,803 Ha. The value of the suitability of the predicted use of 2030 with the RTRW map is 71.42%. The pattern of urban settlement development in 2030 is random.
Girlhood, Gazing, and Fatness
Authors: Warnqvist Åsa , Österlund Mia
Published: June 2022

How can the fields of fat studies and girlhood studies inform each other in literary analysis? In this article, we analyse how being a girl means negotiating fat using the Swedish young adult novel Trettonde sommaren (Thirteenth Summer, 2018) by Gabriella Sköldenberg as an example. In the novel, surveillance of the teenage girl’s body weight – which can be seen as a manifestation of fat haunting – is introduced by the mothers of two cousins, Angelica and Sandra, during a summer stay at their grandfather’s home in the countryside. Although the two girls are not described as fat, thin normativity becomes a key issue in the narrative through their mothers’ supervision. This leads to the confrontation with and death of another character who is perceived as fat by the girls and their mothers: the friendly and motherly Rut. The interplay between different gazes is at the core of our analysis and helps us explore how discourses of girlhood and fatness intertwine in the novel. We show how Angelica moves from being influenced by the mothers’ and Sandra’s thin normative gaze, to adopting an oppositional girl gaze which encompasses what we refer to as a fat gaze, a gaze that looks with the fat character rather than at her. Our analysis of gazes demonstrates the benefit of a combined focus on girlhood and fatness in approaching the novel. From a broader perspective, it also shows how the fields of fat studies and girlhood studies can enrich each other and together offer answers to how body size is experienced and conceptualised in relation to girlhood in young adult fiction.
Endostar plus pembrolizumab combined with a platinum-based dual chemotherapy regime for advanced pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma as a first-line treatment: A case report
Authors: Zhang Sijia , Xiao Yu , Chen Leichong , Li Zhenyu , Zong Yan , Zhu Kuikui , Meng Rui
Published: June 2022

Pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare and highly aggressive cancer with a very poor prognosis. The proper treatment decision and possible prognosis outcome for advanced LCNEC is always an enormous challenge due to its scarcity. Here, we presented a 59-year-old male patient with advanced LCNEC with a non-neuroendocrine immunophenotype who received endostar plus pembrolizumab combined with a platinum-based dual chemotherapy regime as a first-line treatment. At present, the patient’s condition is well controlled by medication only and has a progression-free survival of more than 2 years. Adverse effects recorded for this patient during treatment courses include nausea, vomiting, II–III quality bone marrow toxicity, and PD-1 blockage-related hypothyroidism. This case report discussed the feasibility of immunotherapy, anti-angiogenesis agents, and chemotherapy as a first-line therapy in advanced LCNEC.
Modelling, design and parametric analysis of a levitation based energy harvester
Authors: Kogodu Thirthappa Prajwal , Krishnan Manickavasagam
Published: June 2022

Levitation based energy harvester (LBEH) is an energy harvesting technology which is used to convert the existing kinetic energy into electrical energy. The technique utilizes a levitating magnet which in a closed container vibrate or moves for the subjected vibrations. An outer coil which will extract energy into electrical voltage is carefully selected or designed or the rating. In this research work, a conventional LBEH is designed, simulated, and studied for a particular vibration data. The same is carried out in the FEM analysis software. The system is also mathematically derived and analyzed in the numerical tool. The results obtained from the numerical and FEM tool are compared. At the end of the research work, a parametric study is carried out for the variations in the input characteristics such as frequency, nature of vibrations and other parameters. Results obtained indicate that the power developed is maximum with a value of 0.7 V and 10 mW for the designed natural frequency of 10 Hz and decreases on either side as the bandwidth varies from 5 to 15 Hz.
Law and Technology in the US Law School Industry
Authors: Fish Jessica L. H. , Haskell John D.
Published: June 2022

Law schools are increasingly pressured to rethink the character of next generation research, policy impact and curricular training in the wake of computer-oriented technologies. For all its heralded importance and the proliferation of markets and talk around the topic of law and technology within the law school industry, there are still no systematic scholarly attempts to understand how these dynamics currently play out in practice for law schools, what such an investigation might tell us about the present and future composition of legal academia, or how one might begin in the first place to even identify, gather and make sense of data toward these ends. The purpose of this paper is two-fold: on the one hand, to analyse the methodological and theoretical challenges involved in this sort of blended empirical/qualitative study that might be applied to similar studies in any global context, and on the other hand, to draw out a clearer picture of the dynamics of organizational change in US law schools in relation to the phenomena of digital technologies – and all too often underexplored, to unpack some of the dynamics of culture, profession and wealth at play. In more vernacular terms, our aim here is to get a better sense of how and what we talk about when we talk about law and technology as legal academics.
L3 acquisition of aspect: the influence of structural similarity, analytic L2 and general L3 proficiency
Authors: Eibensteiner Lukas
Published: June 2022

Research has shown that many factors influence the transfer process in L3 acquisition (e.g., language distance, L2-status, proficiency in the L2/L3). Regarding the L2/L3 acquisition of aspect, a lot of research on the influence of the L1 has been conducted; however, to date, only a very limited amount of studies has analysed the influence an L2 exerts on the acquisition of aspect in an L3. The present study, therefore, focuses on L3 acquisition of perfective/imperfective aspect. We investigated 109 German-speaking learners of L3 Spanish with previous linguistic L2 knowledge in English. Data were elicited by means of a language background questionnaire, a c-test for overall proficiency measures in the L3, an oral retelling of two picture-based narratives, and two semantic interpretation tasks to measure the participants’ knowledge of aspect in the L2 and the L3 (i.e., analytic proficiency). The findings provide empirical evidence that L2 English positively influences the acquisition of aspect in L3 Spanish if structural similarities between the L2 and the L3 exist. However, positive L2 transfer seems to depend on L2 and L3 proficiency levels.
Interleukin-2 expands neuroprotective regulatory T cells in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Markovic Milica , Yeapuri Pravin , Namminga Krista L. , Lu Yaman , Saleh Maamoon , Olson Katherine E. , Gendelman Howard E. , Mosley R. Lee
Published: June 2022

Background

Pharmacological approaches that boost neuroprotective regulatory T cell (Treg) number and function lead to neuroprotective activities in neurodegenerative disorders.

Objectives

We investigated whether low-dose interleukin 2 (IL-2) expands Treg populations and protects nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in a model of Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Methods

IL-2 at 2.5 × 104 IU/dose/mouse was administered for 5 days. Lymphocytes were isolated and phenotype determined by flow cytometric analyses. To 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intoxicated mice, 0.5 × 106 of enriched IL-2-induced Tregs were adoptively transferred to assess the effects on nigrostriatal neuron survival.

Results

IL-2 increased frequencies of CD4+CD25+CD127lowFoxP3+ Tregs that express ICOS and CD39 in blood and spleen. Adoptive transfer of IL-2-induced Tregs to MPTP-treated recipients increased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)+ nigral dopaminergic neuronal bodies by 51% and TH+ striatal termini by 52% compared to control MPTP-treated animal controls.

Conclusions

IL-2 expands numbers of neuroprotective Tregs providing a vehicle for neuroprotection of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in a pre-clinical PD model.
Biological applications of ternary quantum dots: A review
Authors: Aladesuyi Olanrewaju A. , Lebepe Thabang C. , Maluleke Rodney , Oluwafemi Oluwatobi S.
Published: June 2022

Semiconductor nanomaterials, also known as quantum dots (QDs), have gained significant interest due to their outstanding optical properties with potential biological and biomedical applications. However, the presence of heavy toxic metals such as Cd, Pb, and Hg in conventional QDs have been a major challenge in their applications. Therefore, it is imperative to seek a viable alternative that will be non-toxic and have similar optical properties as the conventional QDs. Ternary I–III–VI QDs have been found to be suitable alternatives. Their optical properties are tunable and have emissions in the near-infrared region. These properties make them useful in a wide range of biological applications. Hence, this review focuses on the recent progress in the use of ternary QDs in Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET), nanomedical applications such as drug and gene delivery. It also discusses the biophotonic application of ternary I–III–VI QDs in optical imaging, biosensing, and multimodal imaging. Furthermore, we looked at the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of these QDs, and their toxicity concerns. Finally, we looked at the current status, challenges, and future directions in the application of these ternary QDs.
Multicenter dose-escalation Phase I trial of mitomycin C pressurized intraperitoneal aerosolized chemotherapy in combination with systemic chemotherapy for appendiceal and colorectal peritoneal metastases: rationale and design
Authors: Raoof Mustafa , Sullivan Kevin M. , Frankel Paul H. , Fakih Marwan , Synold Timothy W. , Lim Dean , Woo Yanghee , Paz Isaac Benjamin , Fong Yuman , Thomas Rebecca Meera , Chang Sue , Eng Melissa , Tinsley Raechelle , Whelan Richard L. , Deperalta Danielle , Reymond Marc A. , Jones Jeremy , Merchea Amit , Dellinger Thanh H.
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Peritoneal metastasis (PM) from appendiceal cancer or colorectal cancer (CRC) has significant morbidity and limited survival. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosolized chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a minimally invasive approach to treat PM. We aim to conduct a dose-escalation trial of mitomycin C (MMC)-PIPAC combined with systemic chemotherapy (FOLFIRI) in patients with PM from appendiceal cancer or CRC.

Methods

This is a multicenter Phase I study of MMC-PIPAC (NCT04329494). Inclusion criteria include treatment with at least 4 months of first- or second-line systemic chemotherapy with ineligibility for cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC). Exclusion criteria are: progression on chemotherapy; extraperitoneal metastases; systemic chemotherapy intolerance; bowel obstruction; or poor performance status (ECOG>2). Escalating MMC-PIPAC doses (7–25 mg/m2) will be administered in combination with standard dose systemic FOLFIRI. Safety evaluation will be performed on 15 patients (dose escalation) and six expansion patients: 21 evaluable patients total.

Results

The primary endpoints are recommended MMC dose and safety of MMC-PIPAC with FOLFIRI. Secondary endpoints are assessment of response (by peritoneal regression grade score; Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST 1.1], and peritoneal carcinomatosis index), progression free survival, overall survival, technical failure rate, surgical complications, conversion to curative-intent CRS-HIPEC, patient-reported outcomes, and functional status. Longitudinal blood and tissue specimens will be collected for translational correlatives including pharmacokinetics, circulating biomarkers, immune profiling, and single-cell transcriptomics.

Conclusions

This Phase I trial will establish the recommended dose of MMC-PIPAC in combination with FOLFIRI. Additionally, we expect to detect an early efficacy signal for further development of this therapeutic combination.
Horses in Qin mortuary practice: new insights from Emperor Qin Shihuang's mausoleum
Authors: Li Yue , Wu Lina , Zhang Chengrui , Liu Huan , Huang Zexian , Han Yifu , Yuan Jing
Published: June 2022

The horse played a crucial role in China through the first millennium BC, used both for military advantage and, through incorporation into elite burials, to express social status. Details of how horses were integrated into mortuary contexts during the Qin Empire, however, are poorly understood. Here, the authors present new zooarchaeological data for 24 horses from an accessory pit in Qin Shihuang's mausoleum, indicating that the horses chosen were tall, adult males. These findings provide insights into the selection criteria for animals to be included in the emperor's tomb and invite consideration of questions concerning horse breeds, husbandry practices, and the military and symbolic importance of horses in early imperial China.
Equity Analysis on Banking Sector
Authors: Bharath Reddy Alapati Sai , Sarma JSV Gopala , Rao T Srinivasa
Published: June 2022

A stock or some other security speaking to a possession intrigue. On an organization’s accounting report, the measure of the assets contributed by the proprietors (the investors) in addition to the held income (or misfortunes). Likewise alluded to as “investors’ value”. With regards to edge exchanging, the estimation of securities in an edge account short what has been obtained from the brokerage. In the setting of land, the distinction between the present market estimation of the property and the sum the proprietor still owes on the home loan. The sum the proprietor would get in the wake of auctioning a property and paying off the home loan. Regarding venture systems, value (stocks) are one of the chief resource classes. The other two are settled salary (bonds) and money/money counterparts. These are utilized as a part of advantage designation intending to structure a coveted hazard and return profile for a speculator’s portfolio. The term’s importance depends especially on the specific situation. In fund, as a rule, you can consider value proprietorship in any advantage after all obligations related with that benefit are paid off. For instance, an auto or house with no extraordinary obligation is viewed as the proprietor’s value since he or she can promptly offer the thing for money. Stocks are value since they speak to proprietorship in an organization.
Design and Development of Manual Hank Reeling Machine
Authors: Etefa Fitsum
Published: June 2022

In today’s textile product processing, customers are demanding lower prices, the best quality product and service. An effective cost reduction and higher productivity with short processing time is the main objective for textile manufacturer to be a strong competitor by having high market share with profitability and to compete successfully in the world market by keeping benefits of stoke holders including customers. Now a day there is different manual and automatic hank reeling machine. Hank reeling machine used to reel cone yarn to hank yarn form. Automatic hank reeling machine works by use of electric power system and has motor for hank reeling. This machine can wind a maximum number of hanks within one reeling cycle of machine. It’s less time consuming, but expensive. Hand hank reeling machine can wind single hank per reeling cycle and its time consuming than automatic reeling machine. Based on data analysis, the researcher designed and fabricated manual hank reeling machine which can be driven easily by using foot. This machine can wind up to 12 hanks within single hank reeling cycle. Keywords: Yarn; Hank yarn; Manual Hank reeling; Automatic Hank Reeling
Die Bedeutung der multigenerationellen sozialen Mobilität
Authors: Häner Melanie , Schaltegger Christoph A.
Published: June 2022

Chancengerechtigkeit ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil meritokratischer Gesellschaften. Intergenerationelle soziale Mobilität wird vermehrt auch über mehr als zwei Generationen analysiert. Wir erläutern einerseits, dass das Ausmaß der Chancengerechtigkeit anhand verschiedener Statusindikatoren wie etwa Einkommen, Vermögen und Bildung eruiert werden sollte. Andererseits zeigen wir, dass eine Mehrgenerationenbetrachtung erlaubt, den gesellschaftlich wünschenswerten Fürsorge- und Humankapitalinvestitionseffekt vom problematischeren dynastischen Effekt zu trennen.
Ist Gold in Krisenzeiten ein sicherer Hafen?
Authors: Auer Benjamin R.
Published: June 2022

Anleger betrachten Gold weitläufig als wertvolles Absicherungsinstrument, das sich gegenläufig zu klassischen Risikopositionen (wie zum Beispiel Aktien- und Anleihenportfolios, dem US-Dollar oder dem Rohölpreis) verhält. Die aktuelle Grafik stellt diese Einstufung auf den Prüfstand, indem sie die Korrelationen zwischen Gold und diesen Größen im Zeitverlauf abbildet und ihre Höhe in turbulenten Marktphasen (wie etwa der globalen Finanzmarktkrise und der Covid-19-Pandemie) quantifiziert.
Effects of the use of prebiotics in the treatment of obesity
Authors: Costa Santos Giovanna Gabrielle , Nunes Filho Júlio César Chaves , Oliveira Nunes Marilia Porto
Published: June 2022

Obesity is growing public health problem and is associated with the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases. Changes in the intestinal microbiota of the obese, such as dysbiosis, are responsible for metabolic dysregulation, and the use of prebiotics is used as a way to improve these conditions. In this article which is a systematic review, the effects of prebiotics as a therapeutic approach to overweight were highlighted. Among the results, it was shown to improve inflammatory conditions, systemic endotoxemia, microbiota composition, in addition to favoring SCFA production.
Podcast Sebagai Media Alternatif Praktik Jurnalistik Radio oleh Tempo
Authors: Muslimah Fauziah
Published: June 2022

The presence of podcasts is a form of development of radio journalism practice in the era of convergence. This article discusses three podcast programs on Tempo media: Berita Utama Koran Tempo, Apa Kabar Tempo, and Celetuk Bahasa Tempo. This article uses a qualitative approach to examine how the play on-demand aspect as one of a podcast's characteristics works in radio journalism practices. The results show that three Tempo podcast content applies content production practices that cannot be separated from the character of radio media, such as auditive, emphasizing conversation, at a glance, and global. The article also shows that although podcasts come with the concept of play on-demand that allows listeners to re-listen to old episodes, podcasts have not succeeded in building interaction between the mass media and their listeners. Thus, interactivity as one of the characteristics of radio journalism has not been fully present in this podcast.
Crítica reconstrutiva do neoliberalismo
Authors: Souza Luiz Gustavo da Cunha de
Published: June 2022

Desde a publicação dos últimos grandes estudos de Axel Honneth discute-se, no âmbito da Teoria Crítica da sociedade, em que medida seu método analítico de uma “reconstrução normativa” pode realizar as intenções de crítica social. O presente artigo pretende contribuir para esse debate ao esmiuçar algumas implicações da reconstrução social, ressaltando aquilo que entende ser seus pontos fortes. Posteriormente, o artigo aproxima o método reconstrutivo da crítica do neoliberalismo, mas para isso adota uma comparação crítica com o modelo alternativo de análise deste regime enquanto “ordem normativa”, como proposto por Wendy Brown, principalmente. Como conclusão, defende que a reconstrução se conecta a dimensões mais próximas de uma possível economia política do neoliberalismo e, por isso, é um método mais robusto do que a análise do discurso político neoliberal.
Exploring a Critical Theory of politics
Authors: Bohmann Ulf , Sörensen Paul
Published: June 2022

The question of the contemporary political relevance of Critical Theory points to a deeper problem: the fundamental relationship between Critical Theory and politics. Their relationship status has to be regarded as complicated. Politics, so a widespread judgement goes, has no place in the cosmos of Critical Theory: where the place for a theoretically reflected analysis of politics could or should be, so the repeatedly heard reproach (for example, Howard 2000), there is a gap in the center of the historical “Frankfurt School” (Wiggershaus 1995, Jay 1973) around Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno. In the following, we do not merely want to attest another “politics deficit” to “classical” Critical Theory, but rather, on the one hand, to measure the exact relationship to the object of politics, and on the other hand, to take a look at the current state of theory, which proves to be quite diverse. To ask whether and how a Critical Theory of politics is possible today does not, however, mean merely reflecting on current developments. This important task, we are convinced, first needs a theoretical foundation in order to be able to exploit the full potential of the approach. Accordingly, it is necessary to explore how, under current circumstances, the classical programmatic of Critical Theory can be linked to politics. In order to shed light on the problems with which contemporary thinking about the possibility and form of a Critical Theory of politics is confronted, we will begin by addressing the question of the place of politics in Critical Theory and the politics of critical theorists in some detail, and outline five theoretical levels (theoricity, aspiration, programmatic, theoretical methodology, temporal core) and three major paths (deepening, reorientation and return) on the basis of current approaches subsequently.
Protokolle des Ministerrates der Zweiten Republik der Republik Österreich. Kabinett Leopold Figl I, 20. Dezember 1945 bis 8. November 1949. Band 13: 9. November 1948 bis 21. Dezember 1948.
Authors: Gmoser Elisabeth , Melichar Peter , Semotan Stefan
Published: June 2022

Die Edition der Ministerratsprotokolle der Zweiten Republik, Kabinett Leopold Figl I, stellt einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Erforschung der frühen Jahre der Zweiten Republik und seiner politischen Organe nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg dar. Band 13 umfasst die Protokolle Nr. 132 vom 9. November 1948 bis Nr. 138 vom 21. Dezember 1948 sowie die in diesen Zeitraum fallenden Protokolle des Wirtschaftlichen Ministerkomitees. Die Protokolle tangieren Angelegenheiten der Außen-, Innen- und Wirtschaftspolitik, des Wiederaufbaus und des Verhältnisses zu den vier Besatzungsmächten; Schwerpunkte liegen auf der Ernährung der österreichischen Bevölkerung, den Staatsvertragsverhandlungen sowie der Durchführung des Marshallplanes.
Acute suppurative thyroiditis in a post arteriovenous shunt infection patient
Authors: Marpaung Ferdy Royland , Aryati  , Soehita Sidarti
Published: June 2022

Acute suppurative thyroiditis (AST) is a rare clinical entity that must be treated immediately because of its morbidity, especially swelling in the thyroid area accompanied by fever. AST is often preceded by infection at another site; therefore, it is important to identify the source. A 40-year-old woman came to the Dr. Soetomo General Hospital complaining of pain and swelling in the neck, difficulty swallowing, and fever. The patient suffered from chronic kidney disease. One week before, she had an infected arteriovenous hemodialysis shunt. Laboratory results showed an increased fT4 (3.5 ug/dL) and a decreased TSH (0.015 uIU/mL), leukocytosis, and a raised C reactive protein (CRP). Thyroid ultrasound showed an abscess involving the entire left thyroid. Thyroid fine needle biopsy showed AST. Culture of the pus grew Staphylococcus aureus. The thyroid tests supported the diagnosis of AST with hyperthyroidism; immediate treatment was indicated. Three weeks after treatment, the patient was euthyroid and still had drainage of the wound. The AST was considered to be secondary to the hemodialysis AV shunt infection. Leukocytosis and increased CRP levels supported the presence of inflammation and culture grew Staphylococcus aureus. The patient improved with Clindamycin therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first AST case preceded by hemodialysis AV shunt infection.
Why are MedSend grant recipients leaving the mission field? An internal review
Authors: Ritchie James V , Woods Patricia
Published: June 2022

This field report derives major and minor themes from exit interviews for cross-cultural healthcare workers who are leaving their work earlier than anticipated. Recommendations are suggested to address this problem of attrition.
A dynamical approach to shape
Authors: Shoptrajanov Martin
Published: June 2022

In this paper we will discuss a dynamical approach to an open problem from shape theory.
We will address the problem in compact metric spaces using the notion of Lebesgue number for a covering and the intrinsic approach to strong shape.
Local Passive Warming Administered During the Transition Phase Impairs Subsequent Isokinetic Exercise Performance
Authors: Liu Xin , Chang Yongling , Lee Su Young , Lee Jeong Hyun , Hurr Chansol
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE: Performing a warm-up prior to a sports competition is essential for preventing injuries and maximizing subsequent performance. Passive warming has therefore received attention because it can effectively maintain an elevated muscle temperature (Tm) after a warm-up. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of local passive warming (LPW) administered during the transition phase between active warm-up and isokinetic exercises.METHODS: Eleven healthy men participated in this randomized crossover study. During the 30-minute transition period, a customized water-perfused warming pad was placed on the anterior thighs of the dominant legs (+3°C or +6°C based on the baseline skin temperature) or no intervention for the control group (CON). Subsequently, the total work, peak torque, and average power during isokinetic knee extensions (10 repetitions at a speed of 60°/sce) were measured. Using surface electromyography (EMG), the root mean square and mean frequency from the rectus femoris during knee extension were measured to assess neuromuscular activity.RESULTS: Total work (+6°C 1,289.8±389.3 vs. CON 1,437.3±408.2 Nm, p=.042), peak torque (+6°C 146.0±33.3 vs. CON 162.9±37.9 Nm, p=.022), and average power (+6°C 77.7±19.8 vs. CON 90.2±25.3 W, p=.012) were lower in the LPW +6°C group than in the CON group. EMG RMS was lower in the LPW +6°C group than in the CON group (+6°C 58.4±22.3 vs. CON 78.6±33.0 % MVC, p=.005). MF was higher in the LPW +6°C group than in the CON group (+6°C 87.5±12.4 vs. CON 81.4±11.0 Hz, p=.016).CONCLUSIONS: Local passive warming administered during the transition phase was not an appropriate strategy for boosting the performance of subsequent isokinetic exercises. Accordingly, the application of passive warming should be carefully chosen before exercise commences.
The Effects of External Vibration on Coordination Strategies of Multi-Muscles during Voluntary Isometric Torque Production
Authors: Lee Jiseop , Song Junkyung , Park Jaebum
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of muscle vibration on performance accuracy and multi-muscle coordination pattern during voluntary isometric knee extension torque production.METHODS: The subjects were tested under two conditions of external vibration frequencies (90 Hz vibration (VIB)&no-vibration (NVIB)) with three levels of torque magnitudes of 20% (MVT20), 40% (MVT40), and 60% of maximal voluntary torque (MVT60). The subjects were instructed to perform a submaximal isometric ramp task and matched the produced torque with the torque template shown in the screen as accurately as possible. External vibration was applied to the rectus femoris (RF).RESULTS: The performance error (RMSENORM) was reduced in 60% of MVT (MVT60) in both ramp and SS phases, and the iEMGAGO was significantly reduced by vibration under the same torque conditions in the SS phase. In addition, the muscle-mode (M-mode) composition was found to be different in the VIB and NVIB in the SS phase. We found that the VIB condition showed co-contraction M-modes and mixed M-modes. However, there was no significant difference in the ramp phase under all conditions.CONCLUSIONS: The neurophysiological changes due to muscle vibration may positively affect the task characteristics and steps that require accurate torque generation and provide information for the quantitative understanding of multi-muscle coordination of vibration.
The Effect of a 6-week Non-contact Exercise Program on Body Composition and Physical Fitness in Persons with Physical Disabilities Using Wheelchairs
Authors: Han Ki-Myung , Lee Su-Yeon , Kim Ji Young
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE: This study investigated the effect of a 6-week non-contact exercise program on body composition and physical function of physically disabled persons who used wheelchairs.METHODS: Twenty-two physically disabled individuals using wheelchairs (n [females]=15, mean age=49.4±8.9 years) were recruited and divided into an exercise group (n=11) or a control group (n=11). Participants in the exercise group performed a 1-hour-long exercise program twice a week, for 6 weeks, with an exercise instructor through a real-time video conferencing application. Height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and muscle strength and range of motion were measured at baseline and after the exercise program.RESULTS: Compared with that in the control group, waist circumference in the exercise group significantly decreased after the 6-week exercise program. In addition, range of motion of the shoulder significantly improved in the exercise group, compared with the control group, after 6 weeks.CONCLUSIONS: The non-contact exercise program yielded beneficial effects on the waist circumference and range of motion of muscles in disabled individuals using wheelchairs. A follow-up study is needed to verify the long-term effect of the exercise program, which may be achieved by randomizing a large number of people with disabilities.
Application of fertilizers and root enhancers by two irrigation systems on ‘BRS imperial’ pineapple
Authors: Santos Igor Leonardo Nascimento , Coelho Eugênio Ferreira , Barbosa Dimmy Herllen Silveira Gomes , Lima Lenilson Wisner Ferreira , Pádua Tullio Raphael Pereira de , Junghans Davi Theodoro
Published: June 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate two irrigation systems, by drip and diffuser microjets, two types of fertigation, by spraying at the base of the plant and in the soil, and two types of root enhancers in the development and production of the pineapple ‘BRS Imperial’. The drip system promoted greater root development than the diffuser microjet system. Much of the root system was concentrated in the stalk and soil up to 0.1 m depth, where the drip system promoted a higher relative percentage of root growth in the stalk compared to the microjet. The root enhancers promoted greater root growth in the stalk than in the soil. The use of the root enhancers based on humic and fulvic acids was not significant, while the use of the root enhancers based on phosphoric acid and amines was significant for root growth only in the microjet system. Application of fertilizers by spraying at the base of the plant promoted root growth and increased yield compared to the use of fertigation. The drip system showed higher efficiency of crop and irrigation water productivity for ‘BRS Imperial’ pineapple.
DOES SLC11A2 GENE MUTATION ASSOCIATE WITH IRON-REFRACTORY IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY?
Authors: PIATTO Vânia Belintani , FERDINANDO Danielle Lopes Teixeira , FUNES Hamilton Luiz Xavier
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: After bariatric surgery, if there is iron-refractory iron-deficiency anemia (IRIDA) and does not respond to supplemental iron therapy, excluding other possible etiologies, genetic changes involved in iron metabolism should be considered. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the association of both mutations 1285G-C and 1246C-T, in the SLC11A2 gene, and the etiopathogenesis of anemia refractory to iron supplementation in patients undergoing bariatric surgery using Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). METHODS: A case-control study was conducted, in which 100 patients were evaluated as Cases Group [subdivided into (i) with Anemia and (ii) without Anemia] and 100 individuals as Controls, comprising both sexes. Inherited and acquired causes of IRIDA were excluded. DNA was extracted from leukocytes of peripheral blood, and the regions that cover both mutations have been amplified by the molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: The 1285G-C mutation was not determined in any of the 400 alleles analyzed. Regarding the 1246C-T mutation, the wild CC genotype was found with a higher prevalence in the Control Group (34%) (OR 0.5475; 95%CI 0.2920-1.027; p=0.0827). The mutant TT genotype was found only in the Cases Group I (with Anemia) (13%). CONCLUSION: The results show the association between 1246C-T mutation, in the SLC11A2 gene, and the etiopathogenesis of IRIDA to iron supplementation in the evaluated sample. There are differences, at the molecular level, in patients with and without IRIDA after bariatric surgery using RYGB.
COMPLICATIONS AND LATE FOLLOW-UP OF SCOPINARO’S SURGERY WITH GASTRIC PRESERVATION: 1570 PATIENTS OPERATED IN 20 YEARS
Authors: VOLPE Paula , DOMENE Carlos Eduardo , SANTANA André Valente , MIRA William Giglio , SANTO Marco Aurélio
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Scopinaro-type biliopancreatic diversion (BPD-S) and its variations are the surgeries that offer the best immediate results in weight loss and regain in the late follow-up. It has a high rate of immediate complications and demands control with frequent laboratory tests. AIMS: The aim of this study was to analyze the late postoperative complications of 1570 patients operated by biliopancreatic diversion with gastric preservation laparoscopic video with up to 20 years of postoperative follow-up. METHODS: In a follow-up period of up to 20 years, the clinical and surgical complications of 1570 patients with grade II or III obesity were evaluated who were operated on from 2001 to 2014 with the same team of surgeons. Clavien Dindo 11 classification was used for analysis and comparison. Laboratory tests and body mass index (BMI) were used in the analysis of late metabolic outcomes. RESULTS: On the one hand, complications in 204 patients were recorded (13%), and 143 patients (9.1%) were reoperated. On the other hand, 61 patients (29.9%), who had postoperative complications were clinically treated with good evolution in 9.2 years (95%CI 8.2-10.3), with a median of 9.5 years (95%CI 6.1-12.9). Gastroileal anastomosis ulcers occurred in 44 patients (2.8%). Patients with malnutrition, severe anemia, or chronic diarrhea were operated on with common loop elongation (n=64 - 4%), conversion to gastric diversion (n=29 - 5%), or reversal of surgery (n=10 - 0.6%). One death was registered throughout casuistry (0.06%). CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic result of DBP-S was considered excellent in most patients, even referring to changes in the frequency of bowel movements, loose stools, and unpleasant odor. Complications are usually serious and most of the patients require surgical treatment. Therefore, the biliopancreatic diversion of Scopinaro should be reserved for exceptional cases, as there are safer surgical alternatives with less serious side effects.
SURGICAL TREATMENT IN CLINICAL STAGE IV GASTRIC CANCER: A COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT PROCEDURES AND SURVIVAL OUTCOMES
Authors: RAMOS Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille , PEREIRA Marina Alessandra , DIAS André Roncon , CASTRIA Tiago Biachi de , SAKAMOTO Erica , RIBEIRO-JR Ulysses , ZILBERSTEIN Bruno , NAHAS Sérgio Carlos
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Even in clinical stage IV gastric cancer (GC), surgical procedures may be required to palliate symptoms or in an attempt to improve survival. However, the limited survival of these patients raises doubts about who really had benefits from it. AIM: This study aimed to analyze the surgical outcomes in stage IV GC treated with surgical procedures without curative intent. METHODS: Retrospective analyses of patients with stage IV GC submitted to surgical procedures including tumor resection, bypass, jejunostomy, and diagnostic laparoscopy were performed. Patients with GC undergoing curative gastrectomy served as the comparison group. RESULTS: Surgical procedures in clinical stage IV were performed in 363 patients. Compared to curative surgery (680 patients), stage IV patients had a higher rate of comorbidities and ASA III/IV classification. The surgical procedures that were performed included 107 (29.4%) bypass procedures (partitioning/gastrojejunal anastomosis), 85 (23.4%) jejunostomies, 76 (20.9%) resections, and 76 (20.9%) diagnostic laparoscopies. Regarding patients’ characteristics, resected patients had more distant metastasis (p=0.011), bypass patients were associated with disease in more than one site (p<0.001), and laparoscopy patients had more peritoneal metastasis (p<0.001). According to the type of surgery, the median overall survival was as follows: resection (13.6 months), bypass (7.8 months), jejunostomy (2.7 months), and diagnostic (7.8 months, p<0.001). On multivariate analysis, low albumin levels, in case of more than one site of disease, jejunostomy, and laparoscopy, were associated with worse survival. CONCLUSION: Stage IV resected cases have better survival, while patients submitted to jejunostomy and diagnostic laparoscopy had the worst results. The proper identification of patients who would benefit from surgical resection may improve survival and avoid futile procedures.
THE DYSPHAGIA INVESTIGATION: IS THERE STILL SPACE FOR THE VIDEOFLUOROSCOPIC METHOD?
Authors: MARQUES Charles Henrique Dias , ABRAHÃO-JÚNIOR Luiz João , LEMME Eponina Maria Oliveira
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Dysphagia can lead to aspiration pneumonia, impacting the nutritional status and quality of life of the patient. The videofluoroscopy is highlighted for allowing both a real-time evaluation and the recording of the images for later review and analysis. AIM: This study aimed to describe the characteristics of the population referred for videofluoroscopy and its value as an investigation method. METHODS: A descriptive and retrospective study was conducted. Exams were analyzed in lateral and anteroposterior views and reviewed using the frame-by-frame analysis software. The variables analyzed were an indication of the exam, previous diseases, dynamics of the oral and pharyngeal phases, and the degree of penetration/aspiration. RESULTS: A total of 141 exams were analyzed. The study population had a median age of 66.24±17.78 years. For the indication of the exam, the investigation of dysphagia was highlighted (n=87, 61.7%) and for previous conditions, diverticulum (n=13, 9.2%), pharyngeal bar (n=12, 8.51%), and stroke and Parkinson’s disease (n=9, 6.4%) were highlighted. In the oral phase, 45 (31.9%) patients had a premature loss, and 108 (76.6%) patients had normal transit time. However, 100 (70.9%) had inadequate ejection. In the pharyngeal phase, 119 (84.4%) had efficient laryngeal displacement and 107 (75.9%) had an adequate opening of the upper esophageal sphincter. The beginning of the pharyngeal phase was classified as inadequate in 131 (92.9%) patients, and 80 (56.74%) had pharyngeal residue. Notably, 100 (70.9%) patients had grade 1 on the penetration/aspiration scale. CONCLUSION: Despite the didactic division of phases, swallowing is complex and has transition stages. Videofluoroscopy is the only method for evaluating all phases of swallowing and its events.
A POPULATION STUDY ON GENDER AND ETHNICITY DIFFERENCES IN GALLBLADDER DISEASE IN BRAZIL
Authors: NASCIMENTO João Henrique Fonseca do , TOMAZ Selton Cavalcante , SOUZA-FILHO Benjamim Messias de , VIEIRA Adriano Tito Souza , ANDRADE André Bouzas de , GUSMÃO-CUNHA André
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Gallbladder diseases (GBD) are one of the most common medical conditions requiring surgical intervention, both electively and urgently. It is widely accepted that sex and ethnic characteristics mighty influence both prevalence and outcomes. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the differences on distributions of gender and ethnicity related to the epidemiology of GBD in the Brazilian public health system. METHODS: DATASUS was used to retrieve patients’ data recorded under the International Code of Diseases (ICD-10) - code K80 from January 2008 to December 2019. The number of admissions, modality of care, number of deaths, and in-hospital mortality rate were analyzed by gender and ethnic groups. RESULTS: Between 2008 and 2019, a total of 2,899,712 patients with cholelithiasis/cholecystitis (K80) were admitted to the hospitals of the Brazilian Unified Health System, of whom only 22.7% were males. Yet, the in-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in males (15.9 per 1,000 male patients) than females (6.3 per 1,000 female patients) (p<0.05). Moreover, men presented a significantly higher risk of death (RR=2.5; p<0.05) and longer hospital stay (4.4 days vs. 3.3 days; p<0.05) than females. Compared to females, men presented a higher risk of death across all self-declared ethnic groups: whites (RR=2.4; p<0.05), blacks (RR=2.7; p<0.05), browns (RR=2.6; p<0.05), and Brazilian Indians (RR=2.13; p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In the years 2008-2019, women presented the highest prevalence of hospital admissions for GBD in Brazil, and men were associated with worse outcomes, including all ethnic groups.
RISK FACTORS FOR REOPERATION, MORBIDITY, AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION SUBMITTED TO SURGICAL TREATMENT
Authors: FIGUEROA-GIRALT Manuel , TORREALBA Andrés , GONZALEZ Tomás , ALMEIDA Paula , BRAGHETTO Italo , CSENDES Attila
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a frequent cause of emergency department admissions. AIM: This study aimed to determine risk factors of reoperations, postoperative adverse event, and operative mortality (OM) in patients surgically treated for SBO. METHODS: This is a retrospective study conducted between 2014 and 2017. Exclusion criteria include gastric outlet obstruction, large bowel obstruction, and incomplete clinical record. STATA version 14 was used for statistical analysis, with p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 218 patients were included, in which 61.9% were women. Notably, 88.5% of patients had previous abdominal surgery. Intestinal resection was needed in 28.4% of patients. Postoperative adverse event was present in 28.4%, reoperation was needed in 9.2% of cases, and a 90-day surgical mortality was 5.9%. Multivariate analysis determined that intestinal resection, >3 days in intensive care unit (ICU), >7 days with nasogastric tube (NGT), pain after postoperative day 3, POAE, and surgical POAE were the risk factors for reoperations, while age, C-reactive protein, intestinal resection, >3 days in ICU, and >7 days with NGT were the risk factors for POAE. OM was determined by >5 days with NGT and POAE. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative course is determined mainly for patient’s age, preoperative level of C-reactive protein, necessity of intestinal resection, clinical postoperative variables, and the presence of POAE.
CARNOY’S SOLUTION INCREASES LYMPH NODES COUNT IN COLON CANCER SPECIMENS WHEN COMPARED TO FORMALIN FIXATION: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL
Authors: DIAS André Roncon , PEREIRA Marina Alessandra , MELLO Evandro Sobroza , CECCONELLO Ivan , RIBEIRO-JR Ulysses , NAHAS Sergio Carlos
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: At least 12 lymph nodes (LNs) should be examined following surgical resection of colon cancer. As it is difficult to find small LNs, fat clearing fixatives have been proposed, but there is no consensus about the best option. AIM: The objective of this study was to verify if Carnoy’s solution (CS) increases the LN count in left colon cancer specimens. METHODS: A prospective randomized trial (clinicaltrials.gov registration: NCT02629315) with 60 patients with left colon adenocarcinoma who underwent rectosigmoidectomy. Specimens were randomized for fixation with CS or 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF). After dissection, the pericolic fat from the NBF group was immersed in CS and re-dissected (Revision). The primary endpoint was the total number of LNs retrieved. RESULTS: Mean LN count was 36.6 and 26.8 for CS and NBF groups, respectively (p=0.004). The number of cases with <12 LNs was 0 (CS) and 3 (NBF, p=0.237). The duration of dissection was similar. LNs were retrieved in all cases during the revision (mean: 19, range: 4-37), accounting for nearly 40% of the LNs of this arm of the study. After the revision, no case was found in the NBF arm with <12 LNs. Two patients had metastatic LNs during the revision (no upstaging occurred). CONCLUSION: Compared to NBF, CS increases LN count in colon cancer specimens. After conventional pathologic analysis, fixing the pericolic fat with CS and performing a second dissection substantially increased the number of LNs.