bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN MATERI PELAJARAN SENI MUSIK DI SD DALAM RANGKA LITERASI MANUSIA UNTUK MENDUKUNG KURIKULUM OBE (OUTCOME BASE EDUCATION) BERBASIS CASE METHODE
Authors: Afriadi Putra , Simanjuntak Eva Betty , Silalahi Natalia
Published: December 2023

This article discusses strategies for developing music teaching materials that do not only focus on artistic aspects, but also consider human literacy as a key element in the learning process. Learning the art of music is not only a place to develop artistic skills, but also as a means to improve students' reading, writing and critical thinking abilities. In the context of the OBE Curriculum, the Case Method approach is used to present contextual and relevant learning. Case studies in learning the art of music not only cover technical aspects, but also relate them to real situations that allow students to apply their knowledge in the context of everyday life. The research results show that the development of music art teaching materials that combine human literacy and the Case Method can increase learning effectiveness. Students not only master musical arts skills, but also develop a deeper understanding of the relationship between musical arts and everyday life. This research contributes to the development of the music arts curriculum in elementary schools by strengthening the integration of human literacy in music arts learning.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MURABAHAH CONTRACT ON THE RETIREMENT FINANCING AT SHARIA BANK OF INDONESIA
Authors: Alazhari Alvionita Ardilla , B M Taufan , Amelia Yuni
Published: December 2023

Retirement financing has a small financing risk because retirement financing at the Sharia Bank of Indonesia is based on a cooperation agreement between the Sharia Bank of Indonesia and retirement fund management institutions such as PT Taspen. One Sharia-based financing product in demand is selling and purchasing products with the Murabahah contract. The concept and application of financing with a Murabahah contract that is simple and easy to handle in the administration of Islamic banks is the main factor of Islamic banks in Indonesia applying the principle of Murabahah in financing. This research is doctrinal legal research, usually called normative legal research, supported by empirical data. In this research, the researcher found that the mechanism of retirement financing begins with the financing submission by the customer to the Bank, checking data/verifying data, analysis of financing feasibility, evaluation of financing needs and decisions, administration and accounting of financing, and the realization of the funding. Constraints in using Murabahah contract on retirement financing product at Sharia Bank of Indonesia Palu Basuki Rahmat as customers do not want to be complicated by the administrative process because of the age factor, which is the retirement age.

Abstrak

Pembiayaan pensiun merupakan pembiayaan yang memiliki risiko pembiayaan yang kecil, karena pembiayaan pensiun di Bank Syariah Indonesia didasarkan pada perjanjian kerjasama antara Bank Syariah Indonesia dengan lembaga pengelola dana pensiun seperti PT Taspen. Salah satu produk pembiayaan berbasis syariah yang cukup diminati adalah produk jual beli dengan akad Murabahah. Konsep dan aplikasi pembiayaan dengan akad Murabahah yang sederhana dan mudah dalam penanganan administrasi bank syariah menjadi faktor utama bank syariah di Indonesia menerapkan prinsip Murabahah dalam  pembiayaannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum doktrinal atau biasa disebut penelitian hukum normatif yang didukung data empiris. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menemukan mekanisme pembiayaan pensiun diawali dengan pengajuan pembiayaan oleh nasabah kepada bank, pengecekan data/verifikasi data, analisis kelayakan pembiayaan, evaluasi kebutuhan dan keputusan pembiayaan, administrasi dan pembukuan pembiayaan, dan realisasi pembiayaan. Kendala dalam penggunaan akad murabahah pada produk pembiayaan pensiun di Bank Syariah Mandiri Palu Basuki Rahmat adalah karena nasabah tidak ingin dipersulit dengan proses administrasi karena faktor usia, yaitu usia pensiun.
Salinity tolerance in tomato genotypes at an early plant growth stage: Morphological and physiological responses
Authors: Choudhury Shormin , Ali Shahjahan , Sarker Md. Rezwan , Islam Nazrul
Published: December 2023

Salinity is a significant factor restricting plant development at various stages, resulting in lower yield and productivity. The current study was carried out to investigate and assess the tolerance of several tomato genotypes to salty conditions. Thirty (30) tomato genotypes were cultivated in pots and tested for salinity at three levels: 5 ds/m NaCl, 10 ds/m NaCl, and 15 ds/m NaCl, in comparison to the control (0 mM NaCl). Two weeks after treatment, several morphological and physiological parameters were measured. The effects of salt stress on tomato genotypes included a considerable reduction in leaf area, chlorophyll content, shoot and root length, shoot and root biomass, and relative water content. Different tomato genotypes responded differently to salinity severity score (SSS). Reduction of shoot dry weight (0.27 to 0.44) and leaf area (0.33 to 0.45) were positively correlated with SSS at moderate (10 ds/m) to higher (15 ds/m) salinity levels, respectively. Based on the experiment results, the genotypes BARI Tomato 4, BARI Tomato 14, BARI Tomato 15, SAU Tomato 2, AV0T0 1228, and NS 501 were found to be more salinity tolerant than other genotypes. The results showed that measuring shoot length, leaf area, and shoot fresh and dry weight was better for evaluating salinity stress and screening salt-tolerant tomato genotypes.
IoT Sensor Network Solution for Monitoring Wind Induced Waves in Shallow Water
Authors: Jászberényi Áron István
Published: December 2023

This case study presents a possible solution for monitoring wind induced waves in shallow water lakes. Currently widely used instruments for measuring water waves are expensive due to extreme environmental requirements and the technology used. The use of IoT solutions is not common. Water wave measurements require low power consumption and medium to long range communication. Due to the network specifications, it is not obvious that LPWAN technologies are suitable for transmitting the amount of data generated. For the devices developed, LoRaWAN was investigated as the cheapest and 5G as the most reliable network solution, with attention to energy consumption.
A Review of Using Visual Odometery Methods in Autonomous UAV Navigation in GPS-Denied Environment
Authors: Rostum Hussam M. , Vásárhelyi József
Published: December 2023

This review paper centers on strategies employed for location determination in regions lacking GPS signals. It primarily explores a range of vision-based methods tailored for this purpose, categorizing them accordingly. The article delves into the utilization of optical flow for feature extraction-based Visual Odometry (VO) and delves into advanced optical flow estimation methods that hinge on deep learning techniques. It compares the efficacy and practical applications of frequently utilized visual localization methods while also checking the efficiency of previous researches by reapplying the algorithms to new data and comparing the results.
Performance Analysis of Combining Beamforming and ZF/MMSE-SIC Equalization Techniques for MIMO DWPT-COFDM Systems
Authors: Reda Sadouki Bouamama , Fayssal Menezla , Mohammed Debbal
Published: December 2023

This study explores the enhancement of wireless communication through the integration of OFDM with MIMO and advanced techniques like COFDM, adaptive MIMO, and beamforming. It evaluates a 2×2 and 4×4 MIMO-DWPT-COFDM system, considering modulation (BPSK and QPSK) and equalization (ZF-SIC and MMSE-SIC) over a Rayleigh fading channel. MATLAB results reveal that more antennas, BPSK modulation, and MMSE-SIC equalization significantly improve BER performance. Specifically, for a BER of 10−4, the 2×2 MIMO system requiresEb/N0values of 10.4 (MMSE-SIC) and 11.4 (ZF-SIC), while the 4×4 MIMO system needs 5.5 (MMSE-SIC) and 5.9 (ZF-SIC). These findings emphasize the need for thoughtful system design and parameter optimization in achieving reliable and efficient wireless communication.
Development of a Methodology for Assessing the Quality of Drilling Machines
Authors: Chekir Abdessalam , Nemouchi Samia , Aoul Elias Hadjadj
Published: December 2023

Optimization is one of the best techniques used in industries to assess the quality of the drilling machine at a lower cost. This work is based on the rotary drilling mode with different methods based on the physicomechanical properties of the rock, machine setting parameters, and tool geometry parameters. The aim of the research presented is to develop quality of methods for determining the parameters of the rational operating regime of the rotary drilling machine during its operation in geological and mining conditions.
Antimicrobial activity and chemical analyses of seven Juniperus L. species
Authors: Ivanova Diana I. , Korona-Głowniak Izabela , Olech Marta , Malm Anna , Nowak Renata , Baj Tomasz , Tashev Alexander , Angelov George
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study was to present a comparative analysis of the antimicrobial activity of methanolic leaf extracts from seven Juniperus L. species, together with a tentative analysis of their total flavonoid and o-dihydroxyphenolic acids content. The chemical analyses were performed by colorimetric methods and the antimicrobial activity was assessed via broth microdilution. The studied extracts showed total content of o-dihydroxyphenols in the range of 26 to 34 µg of caffeic acid equivalent/mg DE and total flavonoid content of 13 to 24 µg of quercetin equivalent/mg DE. The sensitivity of Gram-positive bacteria to the studied extracts differed significantly with the following order of activity: J. sabina var. balkanensis > J. communis ‘Laxa’ > J. formosana > J. pinchotii > J. ashei > J. excelsa ≈ J. sibirica. Weak activity was observed for all extracts against Gram-negative bacteria and Candida strains. The analysis of the MBC/MIC ratio showed that the extracts exhibited bactericidal effect against Gram-negative bacteria (MBC/MIC≤4), while bactericidal or bacteriostatic action (MBC/MIC>4) was determined towards Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, these extracts showed fungicidal (MFC/MIC≤4) or fungistatic effect (MFC/MIC>4). Best antibacterial activity was registered for the J. sabina var. balkanensis leaf extract. The multivariate data analyses were carried out by SIMCA 16 (v16.0.2) software. The hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis, based on phytochemical and antimicrobial data, classified the studied juniper species into four groups: 1. J. ashei; 2. J. excelsa, J. sibirica; 3. J. sabina var. balkanensis, J. communis Laxa, J. formosana; 4. J. pinchotii.
The Impact of the War in Ukraine on the Information Security of the European Union’s Banking Industry – A Case Study of Hungary And Slovakia
Authors: Somogyi Tamás , Nagy Rudolf
Published: December 2023

This study investigates, for the first time, the impact of the war on the information security of the EU’s banking industry. This domain is critical, as i) a significant cyber incident may lead to the financial and political instability of the Member States, and ii) the efficiency of the financial sanctions adopted by the EU depends on the appropriate operation of the EU’s banking systems. Qualitative methods were used in the study; relevant literature and publicly available sector specific data were analysed, and senior information security experts from Hungarian and Slovakian banks were interviewed. The results underpin the fact that banks in the EU are facing an exceptionally high level of cyber risk; the paper attempts to provide actions responding to these risks to keep the banking industry secure.
Analysis of the Armed Conflict: A Case Study of Lord’s Resistance Army
Authors: Kocjančič Klemen
Published: December 2023

One of the longest-running terrorist groups on the African continent is the Lord’s Resistance Army, originating from Uganda. Using the Christianity combined with local animism and Islam as the basis of their ideology and focusing at first on the protection of the Acholi people, this group evolved from fighting their enemies to oppressing their own people. Initially an internal conflict, the activities of the Lord’s Resistance Army spread throughout the region through a proxy war between neighbouring countries, until eventually international intervention was called for. Based on the Conflict Assessment Framework, combined with other methods, this armed conflict is analysed, showing the progress of the conflict through the time.
The Dynamics of an (Armed) Conflict: The Albanian Minority in the Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Vodlan Ajda
Published: December 2023

Macedonia was considered an oasis of peace in the Balkans during the 1990s, as it was the only country of the former Yugoslavia where there was no armed conflict. This changed in 2001 with a so-called “war”, which ended quite quickly, partly thanks to international intervention. Although armed conflicts in the region have not recurred in a prolonged form, almost every year new short-lived disturbances, protests, and incidents arise. This article analyses the conflict’s dynamics from the establishment of independent Macedonia to the present day as North Macedonia continues to develop and implement positive reforms for minority integration. It emphasizes the root causes of the dispute, which remain unresolved, as the Albanian minority is growing in numbers, while Macedonians, whose population is falling, observe the changes with uncertainty.
Securing Autonomy of Military Barracks Through Renewable Energy Solutions
Authors: Mori Mitja , Baškovič Urban Žvar , Katrašnik Tomaž , Šipec Robert , Drobnič Boštjan
Published: December 2023

This article presents a concept of establishing a network of energy self-sufficient nodes in Slovenia and the EU, within the Defence RESilience Hub Network in Europe project initiated by the Ministry of Defence of Slovenia (MORS). The goal is to reduce the energy dependence of military facilities on external suppliers. A mathematical model of a military site’s micro-grid incorporates multiple energy vectors and their conversion and storage, with a focus on hydrogen technologies. A case study of a military site in Belgium shows that an energy system with solar and wind power can provide sufficient hydrogen for transportation needs and operate the site autonomously for up to 30 days. Additionally, the carbon footprint of the military base as an energy system was calculated, indicating potential reductions in environmental impacts.
The Benefits, Challenges and Legal Regulation of Precision Farming in the European Union
Authors: Szira Zoltán , Varga Erika , Csegődi Tibor László , Milics Gábor
Published: December 2023

Precision farming, or precision agriculture, represents a paradigm shift in modern agriculture, integrating advanced technologies and data-driven techniques to optimize crop production processes. This paper provides an overview of precision farming, discussing its historical evolution, key technologies, benefits, challenges, and potential regulatory questions. The adoption of precision farming practices holds promise for enhancing resource efficiency, increasing crop yields, and promoting environmental sustainability. Additionally, this paper delves into the economic, environmental, and social implications of precision farming, highlighting its potential to shape the future of agriculture.
New Legislation on the Lease of Agricultural Land by the Municipality
Authors: Tekeli Jozef , Mereššová Judita
Published: December 2023

On May 1, 2021, Act No. 151/2021 Coll., amending Act No. 504/2003 Coll. on the lease of agricultural land, agricultural business and forest land and on the amendment of certain laws as amended by later regulations, which amend Act of the Slovak National Council No. 330/1991 Coll. on land adjustments, arrangement of land ownership, land offices, land fund and on land communities as amended (hereinafter referred to as “Amendment No. 151/2021 Coll.”) entered into force. Amendment No. 151/2021 Coll. fundamentally changes the rules and obligations of the municipality as the owner of agricultural land when leasing agricultural land to other persons. The paper clearly explains the most important institutes related to the lease of agricultural land by the municipality and points out the new legal regime of the lease of municipal agricultural land effective from 1 May 2021.
The Development of Drone Techology and its Regulation in the European Union
Authors: Szira Zoltán , Varga Erika , Csegődi Tibor László , Milics Gábor
Published: December 2023

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones, have rapidly transformed from niche gadgets to versatile tools with widespread applications across various sectors. This paper investigates the regulatory landscape of drones within the European Union (EU) and its intricate balance between fostering technological innovation and addressing safety, privacy, security, and environmental concerns. Drones’ exponential growth in Europe’s airspace has prompted the EU to establish a legal framework that addresses their multifaceted implications. While drones offer unprecedented opportunities in areas like disaster response and remote sensing, they also pose challenges such as airspace congestion, potential privacy breaches, and ecological disturbances. This paper examines the evolving legal frameworks, policy developments, and technological advancements that characterize drone regulation in the EU. The study delves into key considerations including air traffic management, data protection, privacy preservation, environmental sustainability, and international collaboration. By analysing EU regulations, such as the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) standards, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and European initiatives on unmanned aircraft systems, this paper uncovers the complex interplay of legal, technical, and ethical dimensions.
The Economy of Czech Exchange in the Slovak Marketplace of Austria After the Fall of Hungary
Authors: Diweg-Pukanec Martin
Published: December 2023

Lexical quanta in writing and speech are important indicators of an individual’s social class. This paper analyses the lexical features of the utterances produced by writers/speakers from different social classes in terms of word length based on a representative sample of letters from the Kremnica archive. The study found that writers/ speakers from different social classes showed different average word length in the 2nd half of the 16th century. According to the analysis of the letters, writers/speakers from the upper classes produced utterances with longer words than those from the lower classes. These differences are explained by factors related to the individual’s social class backgrounds and his “right to speech” or “right to be read”. The linguistic economy principle, objective of which is to save more time and energy by conveying more information with less effort is thus far from exhaustive and by no means reflects the whole sociolinguistic reality.
Statistician, Programmer, Data Scientist? Who is, or Should Be, a Corpus Linguist in the 2020s?
Authors: Grabowski Łukasz
Published: December 2023

In this short essay, I aim to ruminate on the nature of a corpus linguist’s work in the 2020s, a time marked by unprecedented advancements in the field of computer technologies and artificial intelligence. This seems to be particularly relevant considering the theme of the 12th International Conference Slovko 2023, which is “Natural Language Processing and Corpus Linguistics”. In the last two decades or so, corpus linguistics has drawn extensively from the fields such as statistics, computer science and data science. In many respects corpus linguistics has served as a significant source of inspiration for progress in the field of natural language processing (NLP), leading to the development of large language models (LLMs) as well as recent introduction of conversational artificial intelligence, among others. Thus, in this paper I will make an attempt at identifying the skills that may help rank-and-file or aspiring corpus linguists to survive and, hopefully, flourish in the research field in the 2020s.
Dative Ambiguity in Rusian: A Corpus Induced Study
Authors: Jurkiewicz-Rohrbacher Edyta
Published: December 2023

When describing the Russian dative case, an observation often made in passing is that its assignment to certain types of arguments is ambiguous, particularly in constructions with a predicative infinitive. Thus far, no studies have put this problem into focus nor described the range of structures to which it applies. I approach this problem with corpus-driven methods. The present study shows that the predicate order and the referential prominence hierarchy can be used as explanatory variables in the modelling of the semanticsyntactic role assignment.
The Competition of German Adjectival Suffixes
Authors: Kalaš Filip
Published: December 2023

The paper presents a corpus linguistic perspective on two adjectival suffixes -al and -ell in the German language. Its attention is focused on the distributional frequency of the derived adjectives, the semantic motivation and contextual occurrence through the lens of retried adjective + noun collocations. On top of that, the paper attempts to determine the superiority of such derived adjectives in the specialised vocabulary.
Proverbs in Contemporary Czech. Corpus Probe into Written Texts
Authors: Kopřivová Marie , Šichová Kateřina
Published: December 2023

The paper deals with the possibility of creating a paremiological optimum for students of Czech as a foreign language. The selection of proverbs should reflect the frequency, familiarity with and use of proverbs. The study focuses on the most frequent proverbs in written Czech, using contemporary idiomatically annotated corpora. On this basis, our own minimum was created. The paper compares the results with previous studies on the paremiological minima of Czech (Schindler 1993 and Čermák 2003) and shows the intersection of all three minima.
Keywords in Religious Literature of 17th and 18th Centuries in Light of the Data from the Electronic Corpus of 17th - and 18th -Century Polish Texts
Authors: Majdak Magdalena
Published: December 2023

This paper discusses the application of standard keyword extraction methods from corpus linguistics for the study of old Polish language. The unfolding analysis is based on writings included in the Electronic Corpus of 17th- and 18th-century Polish Texts. The aim of this analysis is to select keywords from over two million tokens derived from texts tagged as religion in the corpus and compare them with the reference corpus containing over nine million tokens, while verifying the applicability of the log-likelihood method for the analysis of old Polish language and developing a part of the research model.
Adverbs Derived from Adjectival Present Participles in Polish, Slovak and Czech: A Comparative Corpus-Based Study
Authors: Schillová Aksana
Published: December 2023

The paper investigates and compares the inventory of adverbs derived from adjectival present participles in the Polish, Slovak and Czech languages. The particularity of these adverbs is that they do not occur in every language, even if it concerns closely related languages. While in Polish and Slovak this type of adverbs is represented by hundreds of lemmas, in Czech it is almost not represented. The comparative analysis is carried out on the data retrieved from the comparable web corpora Aranea. The sets of adverbs extracted from the comparable corpora of the languages examined are analysed by the following criteria: the total number of the adverb lemmas in the corpus, their relative frequency (ipm), morphemic structure features, collocability preferences. The similarities and differences between the adverb sets are established. According to the corpus data, the adverbs derived from adjectival present participles are more widely used in Polish than in Slovak, and in Czech they are a rare phenomenon represented by a limited number of lemmas with a negligible frequency.
Comparative Lexical Analysis of Noun Lemmas in Slovak Judicial Decisions
Authors: Zumrík Miroslav
Published: December 2023

The paper presents a comparative lexical analysis of the most frequent noun lemmas in Slovak judicial decisions. The data was taken from the large corpus of decisions provided by the Ministry of Justice of the Slovak Republic, and compared with lemmas from four other corpora. The style of administrative, legal and other highly formalized texts has been receiving attention in recent years, although research into the style of Slovak judicial decisions remains rather sparse, which could partially stem from their idiosyncratic nature. The paper’s aim is thus to focus on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of noun lemmas found specifically in the style of judicial decisions.
Spanish Synonyms as Part of a Multilingual Event-Type Ontology
Authors: Fernández-Alcaina Cristina , Fučíková Eva , Hajič Jan , Urešová Zdeňka
Published: December 2023

This paper presents an ongoing work on the multilingual event-type ontology SynSemClass, where multilingual verbal synonymy is formalized in terms of syntactic and semantic properties. In the ontology, verbs are grouped into synonym classes, both monolingually and cross-lingually. Specifically, verbs are considered to belong to the same class if they both express the same meaning in a specific context, and their valency frame can be mapped to the set of roles defined for a particular class. SynSemClass is built following a bottom-up approach where translational equivalents are automatically extracted from parallel corpora and annotated by human annotators. The task of the annotators consists in mapping the valency frame of a particular verb with the set of roles defined for the class where the verb is included as a potential class member, establishing links to external resources, and selecting relevant examples. The Spanish part of the ontology currently contains 257 classes enriched with Spanish synonyms. The resulting resource provides finegrained syntactic and semantic information on multilingual verbal synonyms and links to other existing monolingual and multilingual resources.
Towards a Corpus-Based Dictionary of Verbal Government for the Russian Language
Authors: Klyshinsky Eduard , Bogdanova Anna , Kopotev Mikhail
Published: December 2023

This paper introduces a technique for automatic verbal governance extraction in the Russian language, which encapsulates information on the grammatical features of verbnoun co-occurrences, encompassing both prepositional and non-prepositional dependencies. The construction of the dictionary, a corpus of approximately 3.5 billion words was used. The proposed method involves syntactic parsing of the texts, filtering of resultant outputs, and creating a dictionary of prepositional government. After error filtering, the dictionary contains ca. 18,000 verbs along with NP/PPs governed by these verbs.
Differences in Spoken Language Processing in General Corpora (ORAL, ORTOFON) and in a Specialized Corpus (DIALEKT) and their Reflection in the Mapka Application
Authors: Waclawičová Martina
Published: December 2023

ORAL and ORTOFON, general corpora of the spoken Czech language, capture authentic and prototypical informal spoken language. DIALEKT, a specialized corpus, represents traditional regional dialects of the Czech language. Since the corpora’s goals and the nature of the captured language data differ, different data collection methods were required. It concerns not only the choice of speakers, but the whole communication situation. Samples chosen from these three corpora are included in the Mapka application and reflect the distinct character of the corpora. The ORAL and ORTOFON samples show general spoken language in various informal situations and capture a wide range of speakers. The DIALEKT samples represent traditional regional dialects spoken by chosen types of speakers in a semiformal situation of guided interview.
Morphosyntactic Annotation in Universal Dependencies for Old Czech
Authors: Zeman Daniel , Kosek Pavel , Březina Martin , Pergler Jiří
Published: December 2023

We describe the first steps in preparation of a treebank of 14th-century Czech in the framework of Universal Dependencies. The Dresden and Olomouc versions of the Gospel of Matthew have been selected for this pilot study, which also involves modification of the annotation guidelines for phenomena that occur in Old Czech but not in Modern Czech. We describe some of these modifications in the paper. In addition, we provide some interesting observations about applicability of a Modern Czech parser to the Old Czech data.
CapekDraCor: A New Contribution to the European Programable Drama Corpora
Authors: Pořízka Petr
Published: December 2023

The aim of this paper is to present the new CapekDraCor corpus and the DraCor project with its research-oriented concept of a programmable corpora focused on quantitative analyses within the framework of computational literary studies. This digital platform extends the possibilities of large-scale drama analysis with a focus on the dramatic character(s). The basic operationalisation is the interaction within a dramatic configuration, i.e., the scenic co-presence of two speakers, from which network data are automatically extracted, both global networks of interactions of dramas and data characterising individual actors, i.e., literary characters.

The paper demonstrates the CapekDraCor corpus, a new contribution to the extensive DraCor database, and presents the way the data are processed with respect to their specific multi-layered structure. The corpus contains all the plays written by Karel and Josef Čapek and the data are processed in a standardized format based on XML and general TEI guidelines for processing drama with a defined basic drama tagset. CapekDraCor also uses the newly created EZdrama format for data processing, which works as an intermediate step from .txt to .xml file as a lightweight YAML-like markup language. A file in this format can be automatically converted into a DraCor-ready XML file with a TEI header.

The advantage of the programmable corpora concept is the possibility to use suitably structured data for drama research outside the DraCor platform and with other methods or tools for textual analysis. Simultaneously, this approach moves the researcher from the technical requirements of the analysis to operationalised computational analysis based on research questions and pre-prepared and flexible tools. DraCor is a unique open infrastructure (both in terms of data and tools) for the analysis of European drama, currently comprising 15 corpora in 10 different languages with a total of about 3,000 plays from a wide range of periods.
Multiple Interpretation and Fragmented Texts Within a Historical Corpus: The Case of Old East Slavic Vernacular Writing
Authors: Sitchinava Dmitri
Published: December 2023

The paper presents the issue of fragmented and/or ambiguously interpreted texts within the corpora of Old East Slavic vernacular writing. One of these corpora, the corpus of the Old East Slavic birchbark letters, is already available, the other, comprising the texts of Old East Slavic inscriptions, is under preparation. Due to the fragmentary state of many birchbark and epigraphy texts, their lemmatization and grammatical tagging may be uncertain and multiple interpretations may coexist. Some lemmas survive only in fragments which are nevertheless relevant for the study of lexicon. The grammatical status of many fragments may be firmly established despite lacking lexical information. However the relevant data on these fragments is not available in the word indices and corpora that take into consideration only best-preserved word forms. In the paper, the representation and annotation of such word forms within the Old East Slavic vernacular corpora is presented, and relative frequencies of such phenomena within the birchbark letter corpus are shown, with some case studies showing the relevance of the annotation of fragmented forms. The existing approaches, namely for the classical epigraphy within the EpiDoc standard and in the Hittite syntactic treebanks, are also briefly presented and compared to the solution found within the Old East Slavic vernacular corpora.
Text Vectorization Techniques Based on Wordnet
Authors: Držík Dávid , Šteflovič Kirsten
Published: December 2023

The utilization of text vectorization techniques has become essential for numerous classification tasks in present-day natural language processing. Word embedding methods commonly used today, such as Word2Vec, GloVe, etc., are based on the semantic similarity of words. WordNet, as a lexical database of words, provides a rich source of semantic information. In our article, we propose a text vectorization technique using extended text data with the data augmentation method, specifically by replacing words with their synonyms obtained from WordNet. The results obtained from text classification tasks using multiple classifiers demonstrate that expanding the corpus with this method leads to improved vector representations of words.
ANOPHONE: An Annotation Tool for Phonemes and L2 Annotation Systems for Czech
Authors: Holaj Richard , Pořízka Petr
Published: December 2023

The goal of this text is the presentation of the ANOPHONE annotation system, which allows for the management and annotation of speech data to develop a tool for the automatic transcription of speech of non-native speakers of Czech. This system is currently designed for annotations on the segmental level of recordings of non-native speakers of Czech, with the aim to train automatic speech recognition (ASR) models used in this tool.

After an introductory section that discusses the use of technology in pronunciation teaching and mentions some of the e-learning applications for teaching the pronunciation of second languages (L2), we address both general and more specific aspects of speech data annotation to train ASR models and mention attributive and synthetic segmental systems of speech data annotation for Czech as L2. We also briefly introduce the annotation system of non-native speakers of Czech called BV1, which is used for testing the ANOPHONE tool. The main part of this text focuses on presenting the annotation tool itself, while the conclusion describes the experience of testing the speech data annotation tool using BV1 annotation system for Czech as L2.
When is a Crisis Really a Crisis? Using NLP and Corpus Linguistic Methods to Reveal Differences in Migration Discourse Across Czech Media
Authors: Pekáček Ondřej , Elmerot Irene
Published: December 2023

This article presents an interdisciplinary analysis of discourses on refugees, asylum seekers, immigrants, and migrants (RASIM) in mainstream and alternative media in the Czech Republic. Using techniques from corpus linguistics (CL) and natural language processing (NLP) and drawing on insights from media sociology, we demonstrate the value of an interdisciplinary approach for conducting robust research that can inform policymakers and media practitioners. Our analysis of nearly one million documents from January 2015 to February 2023 reveals distinctive terms and phrases used by alternative media, highlighting the growing divergence between the mainstream and alternative media discourse and its intensity over different periods. These findings have implications for understanding the mobilization of anti-systemic groups, particularly those on the far right.
Gender Differences in Transport Behaviour Patterns
Authors: Lejsková Pavla , Pojkarová Kateřina , Kudláčková Nina , Becková Helena , Čubranić-Dobrodolac Marjana
Published: December 2023

Gender equality is a topical issue that also concerns the transport sector. Gender-neutral transport systems may not be equally suitable for each gender and thus fail to meet their mobility requirements. Therefore, there is a need to study the transport behaviour of men and women and use the findings to further develop transport systems. This article focuses on gender differences in transport behaviour patterns. To obtain the necessary data, a survey was conducted through a structured personal questionnaire. The results were then processed using selected statistical methods. The results of the survey show that the differences are mainly in the means of transport used or the purposes of the trips. On the other hand, as for the criteria that influence the selection of a mode of travel, time is equally important for both women and men, followed by the purpose of the journey and the availability of transport. The survey thus confirmed that there are significant differences in the transport behaviour of men and women.
Agility and Artificial Intelligence Adoption: Small vs. Large Enterprises
Authors: Rožman Maja , Oreški Dijana , Crnogaj Katja , Tominc Polona
Published: December 2023

This article presents the findings of a survey conducted in Slovenia, encompassing a random sample of 275 enterprises, to analyze the factors influencing the transition to an agile approach, the AI-supported organizational culture, AI-enabled workload reduction, and AI-enabled performance enhancement in small and large enterprises. The study investigates whether there are statistically significant differences between small and large enterprises in Slovenia regarding these aspects. These findings provide valuable insights into the distinct perspectives and priorities of small and large enterprises in Slovenia regarding agility and the adoption of AI technologies. The results highlight areas where small businesses may need additional support or targeted strategies to fully leverage the benefits of agility and AI. Policymakers and industry leaders can utilize these findings to promote tailored approaches that enhance agility and facilitate effective AI integration in both small and large enterprises, ultimately contributing to the growth and competitiveness of the Slovenian business landscape.
Wages and Income Impacts of a Liberal Migration Policy: An Experimental Study
Authors: Miťková Veronika , Kralova Sona
Published: December 2023

This article investigates the impact of a liberal migration policy that increases labour quotas by 5% on wages and income of residents, native migrants, and new migrants. The article focuses on the impact of migration in 21 areas, with particular attention given to Slovakia and Germany. It is based on data collected from the Global Trade Analysis Project database and the experimental design by Walmsley, Ahmed, and Parsons, with adjustments to capture current global migration flows. The findings indicate that the immigration of new unskilled workers negatively impacts the real wages of unskilled residents, decreasing them by almost 3%, while the arrival of skilled workers increases them by 0.73%. Similarly, the real wages of skilled residents decrease by 2.62% due to the arrival of new skilled migrants, while unskilled migration results in its increase by 0.53%. These findings can aid policymakers in developing policies that maximize the benefits of migration. This research provides new insights into the wage effects of migration in different areas, focusing on Germany and Slovakia.
Does the Education Level of Consumers Influence Their Recycling and Environmental Protection Attitudes? Evidence From Croatia
Authors: Mandarić Doroteja , Hunjet Anica
Published: December 2023

The empirical link between education and consumption varies depending on contextual factors. Some studies have sought to find out the relationship between education and environmental concerns. Evidence shows that education levels might significantly impact environmental actions. Still, some research indicates that the influence of education might not considerably affect green attitudes or depend on various contextual factors. This study explores whether the education level of Croatian consumers influences their attitudes toward environmental care, recycling, and waste disposal. It aims to determine whether there exists a statistically significant difference in attitudes among consumers with varying levels of education. By exploring this relationship, the article aims to shed light on the potential role of education in shaping consumers’ environmentally friendly behaviours. By addressing this research gap and examining the specific case of Croatia, the article aims to contribute to the broader understanding of how education influences environmental consciousness and action, ultimately contributing to global efforts for a more sustainable future.
Employees’ Entrepreneurial Work and Intention to Become Independent Entrepreneurs: A Comparison of India and Slovenia
Authors: Swaroop Sahana
Published: December 2023

Employees’ different levels of entrepreneurial work are likely to be associated with varying levels of knowledge and intentions in a country. This leads the current paper to argue how entrepreneurial work by employees influences employees’ approach to running their businesses in India and Slovenia. Random samples of employees in India and Slovenia were surveyed from 2012 to 2019 by Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. The current study emphasized the significant role of entrepreneurial work by employees in their potential to become independent entrepreneurs, albeit with differences between India and Slovenia. Our main theoretical contribution is bridging the gap between dynamic capability and entrepreneurial work by employees at the macro level in India and Slovenia. Additionally, the study provides practical suggestions for Indian policymakers and Slovenian owners/managers.
The prevalence of depression among students at medical colleges in Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almesned Fahd , Alharbi Muath , Abaalkhail Abdullah , Almatrafi Salem , Wadi Majed
Published: December 2023

Background: There is evidence showing that medical students are susceptible to depression, as exemplified by a systematic review revealing that 27.2% of students report symptoms of the illness. However, scarce research has examined depression among medical students studying in Saudi Arabia\'s Qassim region. This study sets out to evaluate the extent of depression among medical students attending Qassim University and to identify the main associated risk factors.
Methods: This study employs a cross-sectional methodology via a self-completed questionnaire. The participants were 409 males (54.8%) and 338 females (45.2%) attending Qassim University, specifically the Al-Mulida and Unaizah Colleges of Medicine.
Results: The study revealed a high prevalence of depression, with more than half of the participants (55.4%) reporting symptoms of the illness. Among them, 22.4%, 19.3%, and 13.8% respectively reported mild, moderate, and severe symptoms. Depression was also found to correlate significantly with the female gender, as over half of the participants reporting severe depression were female. Being in the preclinical phase of study was also significantly associated with depression, as were experiencing personal issues and previous attendance at other medical colleges.
Conclusion: The study revealed a high rate of depression among surveyed medical students, especially females, those in the preclinical phase, and those who had previously studied at other medical colleges or were experiencing personal issues. In line with this, it is recommended that screening for depression be implemented among medical students, and that high-quality academic counseling centers be set up with trained staff who can help students tackle their personal issues.
Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Management of Conn's syndrome; A Systematic Review
Authors: Shaqran Tariq , Alsuliman Abdallah , Alzhrani Hatem , Alkhrizi Ibrahim , Ahmed Zainab , Ismail Ahmed , Alsahafi Khalid , Boubshait Nadeen , Aljoaid Shahad , Mahzari Qasem
Published: December 2023

Conn syndrome, named after J. W. Conn in 1955, denotes a condition marked by hypertension with an aldosterone-producing adenoma. This adenoma triggers heightened aldosterone secretion from the adrenal glands, resulting in suppressed plasma renin, hypertension, and hypokalemia. This systematic study aimed to explore the prevalence, risk factors, and management of Conn\'s syndrome. PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases were scrutinized for English-language articles from 2010 to 2023, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Among 142 studies identified, 10 met the criteria for inclusion. Surveys and analyses of national databases were the predominant research methods. Formerly deemed uncommon, Conn\'s syndrome now accounts for 5–15% of hypertensive patients. The deleterious impact of aldosterone extends beyond hypertension, affecting various organs. Timely intervention, whether pharmacological (aldosterone antagonists) or surgical (adrenalectomy), proves effective in mitigating these effects. Early diagnosis and appropriate testing are imperative. Salt intake reduction is crucial, given its association with aldosterone-mediated damage. However, patients often exceed the recommended 5 grams per day, posing a challenge for lifestyle interventions. Adrenalectomy, in addition to lowering cardiovascular risk, naturally reduces salt intake. Clinical research underscores the role of dietary salt in predicting cardiovascular risk, emphasizing its significance even with adequate treatment.
Approaches of emergency department to burns management: a systematic review
Authors: Abuzaid Saleh , Aldahian Dahian , Algowaify Abdulkarim
Published: December 2023

Burn injuries in mass casualty incidents (MCIs) pose particular difficulties. Expert knowledge, specialized abilities, and prompt access to technical resources are all advantageous for burn management. There is a clear need to improve burn care competency, given the prevalence of burn MCIs worldwide and the considerable variations in current burn treatment practices. This study aimed to evaluate the approaches to burn management in the emergency department. This was an updated systematic review that addressed research conducted between 2012 and 2023 regarding burn management strategies in emergency rooms. Studies were examined using the PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The terms were employed in different combinations and included \"approaches, guidelines, burn, management, emergency, and department.\" Furthermore, a review of original literature was conducted about methods to burn care in the emergency department. Publications in full text were used as the inclusion criterion. Out of the 85 articles that were acquired, only nine were deemed suitable for inclusion. Every study was a retrospective study. Approximately 1,135,990 burn patients were included in the research population; 622 of these patients were children (0–15 years old) who had acute burns and were hospitalized within 24 hours of the injury. Burn patients require substantial continuous medical and psychological care. Approaches to burn management included first aid, immediate hospital management, fluid resuscitation, escharotomy, analgesia, surgery and rehabilitation.