bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pre-Service Teachers’ Academic Identity and their Lived Experiences in Remote Learning: The New Normal in Curriculum Practice
Authors: Mphuthi Mochina , Tshelane Molaodi
Published: November 2022

The Ministry of Tertiary Institutions of South Africa charged post-secondary institutions to implement measures to achieve the government’s social distancing policy. Institutions shifted to remote learning to sustain their core business of teaching and learning. However, there were concerns with the implementation of these measures. For instance, pre-service teachers were seen as ill-equipped and poorly supported during remote learning. This paper aims to contextualise the identity of pre-service economic and management science teachers and reflect on their experiences of curriculum practice during remote learning. Architecture theory was used as the main lens for this study. Furthermore, the goal is to reflect on their adaptation to remote learning as the new normal. Participants’ experiences and factors that affected them are discussed as data collected using the critical participatory action learning and action research (CPALAR) approach as a form of critical education science. Critical discourse analysis was used to arrive at the following broad findings: firstly, higher learning institutions are obligated to create practical learning experiences for pre-service teachers. Secondly, participants were directly affected academically, socially, and psychologically. This paper concludes with the recommendation that hybrid learning as the new normal is the future of teaching and learning and should be embraced. Keywords: Pre-service teachers, New normal, Curriculum practice, Architecture theory
Implementasi Kecerdasan Digital (Digital Quotient) Dalam Pelayanan Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Authors: Santosa Monica
Published: November 2022

Penulisan ini termotivasi karena kenyataan bahwa di era digital saat ini jemaat Tuhan tidak semua siap untuk menerima perkembangan pesat ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Banyak orang menggunakan perangkat digital, tetapi tidak semua orang menggunakannya dengan benar. Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi seharusnya tidak menjadi masalah, tetapi mendukung perluasan Injil untuk diberitakan ke ujung dunia. Karena itu, setiap pengguna perangkat digital, terutama anak Tuhan, harus bijak dalam menggunakannya. Dalam pendidikan, setiap pendidik dan siswa harus memiliki kecerdasan digital yang baik. dalam tulisan ini, kita akan membahas implementasi kecerdasan digital dalam pelayanan pendidikan Kristen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian campuran yaitu kuantitatf dan kualititaf. Adapun alat ukur yang bisa digunakan untuk melihat skor kecerdasan digital yang nantinya dapat digunakan pendidik maupun siswa dalam proses pelayanan pendidikan agama kristen pada era digital.
The Upper Edge of the Neptune Desert Is Stable Against Photoevaporation
Authors: Vissapragada Shreyas , Knutson Heather A. , Greklek-McKeon Michael , Oklopčić Antonija , Dai Fei , dos Santos Leonardo A. , Jovanovic Nemanja , Mawet Dimitri , Millar-Blanchaer Maxwell A. , Paragas Kimberly , Spake Jessica J. , Tinyanont Samaporn , Vasisht Gautam
Published: November 2022

Transit surveys indicate that there is a deficit of Neptune-sized planets on close-in orbits. If this “Neptune desert” is entirely cleared out by atmospheric mass loss, then planets at its upper edge should only be marginally stable against photoevaporation, exhibiting strong outflow signatures in tracers like the metastable helium triplet. We test this hypothesis by carrying out a 12-night photometric survey of the metastable helium feature with Palomar/WIRC, targeting seven gas-giant planets orbiting K-type host stars. Eight nights of data are analyzed here for the first time along with reanalyses of four previously published data sets. We strongly detect helium absorption signals for WASP-69b, HAT-P-18b, and HAT-P-26b; tentatively detect signals for WASP-52b and NGTS-5b; and do not detect signals for WASP-177b and WASP-80b. We interpret these measured excess absorption signals using grids of Parker wind models to derive mass-loss rates, which are in good agreement with predictions from the hydrodynamical outflow code ATES for all planets except WASP-52b and WASP-80b, where our data suggest that the outflows are much smaller than predicted. Excluding these two planets, the outflows for the rest of the sample are consistent with a mean energy-limited outflow efficiency of

ε
=

0.41

−
0.13

+
0.16

. Even when we make the relatively conservative assumption that gas-giant planets experience energy-limited outflows at this efficiency for their entire lives, photoevaporation would still be too inefficient to carve the upper boundary of the Neptune desert. We conclude that this feature of the exoplanet population is a pristine tracer of giant planet formation and migration mechanisms.
The Arecibo Galaxy Environment Survey. XII. Optically Dark H i Clouds in the Leo I Group
Authors: Taylor Rhys , Köppen Joachim , Jáchym Pavel , Minchin Robert , Palouš Jan , Rosenberg Jessica L. , Schneider Stephen , Wünsch Richard , Deshev Boris
Published: November 2022

Using data from the Arecibo Galaxy Environment Survey, we report the discovery of five H i clouds in the Leo I group without detected optical counterparts. Three of the clouds are found midway between M96 and M95, one is only

10

′

from the southeast side of the well-known Leo Ring, and the fifth is relatively isolated. H i masses range from 2.6 × 106
M
⊙ to 9.0 × 106
M
⊙, and velocity widths (W50) range from 16 to 42 km s−1. Although a tidal origin is the most obvious explanation, this formation mechanism faces several challenges. For the most isolated cloud, the difficulties are its distance from neighboring galaxies and the lack of any signs of disturbance in the H i disks of those systems. Some of the clouds also appear to follow the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation between mass and velocity width for normal, stable galaxies, which is not expected if they are tidal in origin. Three clouds are found between M96 and M95 that have no optical counterparts but have otherwise similar properties and locations to the optically detected galaxy LeG 13. While overall we favor a tidal debris scenario to explain the clouds, we cannot rule out a primordial origin. If the clouds were produced in the same event that gave rise to the Leo Ring, they may provide important constraints on any model attempting to explain that structure.
Bridging the Gap between Intermediate and Massive Stars. I. Validation of MESA against the State-of-the-Art Monash Stellar Evolution Program for a 2M
⊙ AGB Star
Authors: Cinquegrana Giulia C. , Joyce Meridith , Karakas Amanda I.
Published: November 2022

One-dimensional stellar structure and evolution programs are built using different physical prescriptions and algorithms, which means there can be variations between models’ predictions even when using identical input physics. This leads to questions about whether such deviations are physical or numerical; code validation studies are important and necessary tools for studying these questions. We provide the first direct comparison between the Monash stellar evolution program and MESA for a 2M
⊙ model evolved from the zero-age main sequence to the tip of the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch. We compare the internal structure of the two models at six critical evolutionary points and find that they are in excellent agreement with regard to characteristics like central temperature, central density, and the temperature at the base of the convective envelope during the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch. The H-exhausted core mass between the models differs by less than 4.2% throughout the entire evolution; the final values vary only by 1.5%. Surface quantities such as luminosity and radius vary by less than 0.2% prior to the asymptotic giant branch. During thermal pulses, the difference extends to 3.4%, largely due to uncertainties in mixing and the treatment of atmospheric boundary conditions. Given that the veteran Monash code is closed-source, the present work provides the first fully open-source computational analog. This increases accessibility to precision modeling on the asymptotic giant branch and lays the groundwork for higher-mass calculations that are performed with MESA but preserve the standards of the Monash code during the asymptotic giant branch.
A Meteor of Apparent Interstellar Origin in the CNEOS Fireball Catalog
Authors: Siraj Amir , Loeb Abraham
Published: November 2022

The earliest confirmed interstellar object, ‘Oumuamua, was discovered in the solar system by Pan-STARRS in 2017, allowing for a calibration of the abundance of interstellar objects of its size ∼100 m. This was followed by the discovery of Borisov, which allowed for a similar calibration of its size ∼0.4–1 km. One would expect a much higher abundance of significantly smaller interstellar objects, with some of them colliding with Earth frequently enough to be noticeable. Based on the CNEOS catalog of bolide events, we identify the ∼0.45 m meteor detected at 2014 January 8 17:05:34 UTC as originating from an unbound hyperbolic orbit. The U.S. Department of Defense has released an official letter stating that “the velocity estimate reported to NASA is sufficiently accurate to indicate an interstellar trajectory,” which we rely on here as confirmation of the object’s interstellar trajectory. Based on the data provided by CNEOS, we infer that the meteor had an asymptotic speed of v
∞ ∼ 42.1 ± 5.5 km s−1 outside of the solar system. Note that v
∞ here refers to the velocity of the meteor outside the solar system, not the velocity of the meteor outside the atmosphere. Its origin is approximately toward R.A. 49.°4 ± 4.°1 and decl. 11.°2 ± 1.°8, implying that its initial velocity vector was 58 ± 6 km s−1 away from the velocity of the local standard of rest (LSR).
The Emergence of Toroidal Flux Ropes with Different Twist Rising at the Same Speed
Authors: Knizhnik Kalman J. , Linton Mark G. , Leake James E.
Published: November 2022

The role of twist in the emergence of magnetic flux ropes into the solar atmosphere has remained unclear for some time. Although many studies have investigated how the photospheric properties of active regions resulting from the simulated emergence of magnetic flux ropes from the convection zone with different twists compare to the observed properties of active regions, these simulations have a wide range of magnetic flux rope radii, depths, and initial configurations, making it challenging to form a complete picture of the role of any one variable in the emergence process. Twist, in particular, has been difficult to analyze because isothermally buoyant magnetic flux ropes with different twists also experience different accelerations. In this paper, we develop an analytical model of a toroidal magnetic flux rope in approximate vertical force balance in the convection zone. We numerically implement this model in a stratified atmosphere, and then subtract off a twist-independent density to make magnetic flux ropes buoyant in a twist-independent way, ensuring that the initial acceleration of each magnetic flux rope is approximately the same. We perform numerical simulations to obtain a parameter study of toroidal magnetic flux ropes with different twist rising at the same speed. We analyze the photospheric and coronal properties of the active regions resulting from the emergence of these magnetic flux ropes, and argue that the Parker instability is responsible for many of the features observed in the simulations.
On Detecting Nearby Nanohertz Gravitational Wave Sources via Pulsar Timing Arrays
Authors: Guo 郭 Xiao 潇 , Lu 陆 Youjun 由俊 , Yu 于 Qingjuan 清娟
Published: November 2022

Massive binary black holes (MBBHs) in nearby galactic centers, if any, may be nanohertz gravitational wave (GW) sources for pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) to detect. Normally the objective GWs for PTA experiments are approximated as plane waves because their sources are presumably located far away. For nearby GW sources, however, this approximation may be inaccurate due to the curved GW wave front and the GW strength changes along the paths of PTA pulsar pulses. In this paper, we analyze the near-field effect in the PTA detection of nearby sources and find it is important if the source distance is less than a few tens of megaparsecs, and ignoring this effect may lead to a significant signal-to-noise underestimation especially when the source distance is comparable to the pulsar distances. As examples, we assume a nanohertz MBBH source located at either the Galactic Center (GC) or the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) according to the observational constraints/hints on the MBBH parameter space, and estimate its detectability by current/future PTAs. We find that the GC MBBH may be detectable by the Square Kilometer Array PTA. Detecting the LMC MBBH is challenging; however, if a number (N ≳ 10) of stable millisecond pulsars can be found in the LMC center, the MBBH may be detectable via a PTA formed by these pulsars. We further illustrate the near-field effects on the PTA detection of an isotropic GW background contributed mainly by nearby GW sources, and the resulting angular correlation is similar to the Hellings–Downs curve.
Pulse Timing Discovery of a Three-day Companion to the Hot Subdwarf BPM 36430
Authors: Smith Bryce A. , N. Barlow Brad , Rosenthal Benjamin , Hermes J. J. , Schaffenroth Veronika
Published: November 2022

Hot subdwarf B stars are core-helium-burning objects that have undergone envelope stripping, likely by a binary companion. Using high-speed photometry from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, we have discovered the hot subdwarf BPM 36430 is a hybrid sdBVrs pulsator exhibiting several low-amplitude g-modes and a strong p-mode pulsation. The latter shows a clear, periodic variation in its pulse arrival times. Fits to this phase oscillation imply BPM 36430 orbits a barycenter approximately 10 light-seconds away once every 3.1 days. Using the CHIRON echelle spectrograph on the CTIO 1.5 m telescope, we confirm the reflex motion by detecting a radial-velocity variation with semiamplitude, period, and phase in agreement with the pulse timings. We conclude that a white dwarf companion with minimum mass of ≈0.42 M
⊙ orbits BPM 36430. Our study represents only the second time a companion orbiting a pulsating hot subdwarf or white dwarf has been detected from pulse timings and confirmed with radial velocities.
Anatomy of a Slow Merger: Dissecting Secularly Driven Inspirals of LIGO/Virgo Gravitational Wave Sources
Authors: Hamilton Chris , Rafikov Roman R.
Published: November 2022

The dozens of compact object mergers detected by LIGO/Virgo raise a key theoretical question: how do initially wide binaries shrink sufficiently quickly that they are able to merge via gravitational wave (GW) radiation within a Hubble time? One promising class of answers involves secular driving of binary eccentricity by some external tidal perturbation. This perturbation can arise due to the presence of a tertiary point mass, in which case the system exhibits Lidov-Kozai (LK) dynamics, or it can stem from the tidal field of the stellar cluster in which the binary orbits. While these secular tide-driven mechanisms have been studied exhaustively in the case of no GW emission, when GWs are included the dynamical behavior is still incompletely understood. In this paper we consider compact object binaries driven to merger via high-eccentricity excitation by (doubly averaged, test-particle quadrupole level) cluster tides—which includes LK-driven mergers as a special case—and include the effects of both general relativistic precession and GW emission. We provide for the first time an analytical understanding of the different evolutionary stages of the binary’s semimajor axis, secular oscillation timescale, and phase-space structure all the way to merger. Our results will inform future population synthesis calculations of compact object binary mergers from hierarchical triples and stellar clusters.
A Semianalytical Line Transfer Model. III. Galactic Inflows
Authors: Carr C. , Scarlata C.
Published: November 2022

We present calculations of ultraviolet spectra resulting from the scattering of photons by gas infalling onto an isotropically emitting source of radiation. The model is based on an adaptation of the semianalytical line transfer (SALT) code of Scarlata & Panagia, and designed to interpret the inverse P Cygni profiles observed in the spectra of partially ionized galactic inflows. In addition to presenting the model, we explore the parameter space of the inflowing SALT model and recreate various physically motivated scenarios including spherical inflows, inflows with covering fractions less than unity, and galactic fountains (i.e., galactic systems with both an inflowing and outflowing component). The resulting spectra from inflowing gas show spectral features that could be misinterpreted as interstellar medium features in low resolution spectroscopy (σ ≈ 120 km s−1), suggesting that the total number of galactic systems with inflows is undercounted. Our models suggest that observations at medium resolution (R = 6000 or σ ≈ 50 km s−1) that can be obtained with 8 m class telescopes will be able to resolve the characteristic inverse P Cygni profiles necessary to identify inflows.
Star and Cluster Formation in the Sh2-112 Filamentary Cloud Complex
Authors: Panja Alik , Sun Yan , Chen Wen Ping , Mondal Soumen
Published: November 2022

We present the star formation activity around the emission nebula Sh2-112. At a distance of ∼2.1 kpc, this H ii complex, itself 3 pc in radius, is illuminated by the massive star (O8 V) BD+45 3216. The associated molecular cloud extends in angular scales of 2.°0 × 0.°83, corresponding to linear sizes of 73 pc by 30 pc, along the Galactic longitude. The high-resolution (30″) extinction map reveals a chain of dust clumps aligned with the filament-like structure with an average extinction of A

V
∼ 2.78 mag, varying up to a maximum of ∼17 mag. Our analysis led to identification of a rich population (∼500) of young (average age of ∼1 Myr) stars, plus a numerous number (∼350) of Hα emitters, spatially correlated with the filamentary clouds. Located near the edge of the cloud, the luminous star BD+45 3216 has created an arc-like pattern as the ionizing radiation encounters the dense gas, forming a blister-shaped morphology. We found three distinct young stellar groups, all coincident with relatively dense parts of the cloud complex, signifying ongoing star formation. Moreover, the cloud filament (excitation temperature ∼10 K) traced by the CO isotopologues and extending nearly ∼80 pc is devoid of ionized gas except at the dense cores (excitation temperature ∼28–32 K) wherein significant ionized emission excited by OB stars (dynamical age ∼0.18–1.0 Myr) pertains. The radial velocity is dynamic (median ∼−3.65 km s−1) along the main filament, increasing from Galactic east to west, indicating mass flow to form the massive stars/clusters at the central hubs.
Improved Models of R Coronae Borealis Stars
Authors: Munson Bradley , Chatzopoulos Emmanouil , Denissenkov Pavel A.
Published: November 2022

We present an improved numerical method to model subsolar He+CO-WD merger progenitors of R Corona Borealis stars that builds on our previous work. These improvements include a smooth entropy transition from the core to the envelope of the post-merger, inclusion of single-zone nucleosynthesis to mimic the effects of burning during the merger event, and post-processing the models with a larger nuclear network for analysis of s-process nucleosynthesis. We perform a parameter study to understand the effects of the entropy transition, peak temperature, and overshooting on our models. The models that best agree with observations of R Corona Borealis stars are processed with a much larger nuclear network to investigate s-process nucleosynthesis and the dredge-up of s-process products into the outer envelope in detail. We present a model with a significant enhancement in s-process elements, which also agrees with observed surface abundances and isotopic ratios of 16O/16O and C/O between 1 and 10. Finally, we find that the neutron exposure and initial neutron densities this model requires to obtain such an enhancement are much more consistent with i-process nucleosynthesis.
ALMA Uncovers Highly Filamentary Structure toward the Sgr E Region
Authors: Wallace J. , Battersby C. , Mills E. A. C. , Henshaw J. D. , Sormani M. C. , Ginsburg A. , Barnes A. T. , Hatchfield H. P. , Glover S. C. O. , Anderson L. D.
Published: November 2022

We report on the discovery of linear filaments observed in the CO(1-0) emission for a ∼2′ field of view toward the Sgr E star-forming region, centered at (l, b) = (358.°720, 0.°011). The Sgr E region is thought to be at the turbulent intersection of the “far dust lane” associated with the Galactic bar and the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ). This region is subject to strong accelerations, which are generally thought to inhibit star formation, yet Sgr E contains a large number of H ii regions. We present 12CO(1-0), 13CO(1-0), and C18O(1-0) spectral line observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and provide measurements of the physical and kinematic properties for two of the brightest filaments. These filaments have widths (FWHMs) of ∼0.1 pc and are oriented nearly parallel to the Galactic plane, with angles from the Galactic plane of ∼2°. The filaments are elongated, with lower-limit aspect ratios of ∼5:1. For both filaments, we detect two distinct velocity components that are separated by about 15 km s−1. In the C18O spectral line data, with ∼0.09 pc spatial resolution, we find that these velocity components have relatively narrow (∼1–2 km s−1) FWHM line widths when compared to other sources toward the Galactic center. The properties of these filaments suggest that the gas in the Sgr E complex is being “stretched,” as it is rapidly accelerated by the gravitational field of the Galactic bar while falling toward the CMZ, a result that could provide insights into the extreme environment surrounding this region and the large-scale processes that fuel this environment.
R-process Rain from Binary Neutron Star Mergers in the Galactic Halo
Authors: Amend Benjamin , Zrake Jonathan , Hartmann Dieter H.
Published: November 2022

Compact binary mergers involving at least one neutron star are promising sites for the synthesis of the r-process elements found in stars and planets. However, mergers can take place at significant offsets from their host galaxies, with many occurring several kpc from star-forming regions. It is thus important to understand the physical mechanisms involved in transporting enriched material from merger sites in the galactic halo to the star-forming disk. We investigate these processes, starting from an explosive injection event and its interaction with the halo medium. We show that the total outflow mass in compact binary mergers is too low for the material to travel to the disk in a ballistic fashion. Instead, the enriched ejecta is swept into a shell, which decelerates over ≲10 pc scales and becomes corrugated by the Rayleigh–Taylor instability. The corrugated shell is denser than the ambient medium and breaks into clouds that sink toward the disk. These sinking clouds lose thermal energy through radiative cooling, and are also ablated by shearing instabilities. We present a dynamical heuristic that models these effects to predict the delay times for delivery to the disk. However, we find that turbulent mass ablation is extremely efficient and leads to the total fragmentation of sinking r-process clouds over ≲10 pc scales. We thus predict that enriched material from halo injection events quickly assimilates into the gas medium of the halo and that enriched mass flow to the disk could only be accomplished through turbulent diffusion or large-scale inflowing mass currents.
Solving the Multimessenger Puzzle of the AGN-starburst Composite Galaxy NGC 1068
Authors: Eichmann Björn , Oikonomou Foteini , Salvatore Silvia , Dettmar Ralf-Jürgen , Tjus Julia Becker
Published: November 2022

Multiwavelength observations indicate that some starburst galaxies show a dominant nonthermal contribution from their central region. These active galactic nuclei (AGN)-starburst composites are of special interest, as both phenomena on their own are potential sources of highly energetic cosmic rays and associated γ-ray and neutrino emission. In this work, a homogeneous, steady-state two-zone multimessenger model of the nonthermal emission from the AGN corona as well as the circumnuclear starburst region is developed and subsequently applied to the case of NGC 1068, which has recently shown some first indications of high-energy neutrino emission. Here, we show that the entire spectrum of multimessenger data—from radio to γ-rays including the neutrino constraint—can be described very well if both, starburst and AGN corona, are taken into account. Using only a single emission region is not sufficient.
Axisymmetric Pulsar Magnetosphere Revisited
Authors: Hu Rui , Beloborodov Andrei M.
Published: November 2022

We present a global kinetic plasma simulation of an axisymmetric pulsar magnetosphere with self-consistent e
± pair production. We use the particle-in-cell method and log-spherical coordinates with a grid size 4096 × 4096. This allows us to achieve a high voltage induced by the pulsar rotation and investigate pair creation in a young pulsar far from the death line. We find the following: (1) The energy release and e
± creation are strongly concentrated in the thin, Y-shaped current sheet, with a peak localized in a small volume at the Y-point. (2) The Y-point is shifted inward from the light cylinder by ∼15% and “breathes” with a small amplitude. (3) The dense e
± cloud at the Y-point is in ultrarelativistic rotation, which we call superrotation, because it exceeds corotation with the star. The cloud receives angular momentum flowing from the star along the poloidal magnetic field lines. (4) Gamma-ray emission peaks at the Y-point and is collimated in the azimuthal direction, tangent to the Y-point circle. (5) The separatrix current sheet between the closed magnetosphere and the open magnetic field lines is sustained by the electron backflow from the Y-point cloud. Its thickness is self-regulated to marginal charge starvation. (6) Only a small fraction of dissipation occurs in the separatrix inward of the Y-point. A much higher power is released in the equatorial plane, including the Y-point where the created dense e
± plasma is spun up and intermittently ejected through the nozzle between the two open magnetic fluxes.
Magellan/IMACS Spectroscopy of Grus I: A Low Metallicity Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy*
Authors: Chiti Anirudh , Simon Joshua D. , Frebel Anna , Pace Andrew B. , Ji Alexander P. , Li Ting S.
Published: November 2022

We present a chemodynamical study of the Grus I ultra-faint dwarf galaxy (UFD) from medium-resolution (R ∼ 11,000) Magellan/IMACS spectra of its individual member stars. We identify eight confirmed members of Grus I, based on their low metallicities and coherent radial velocities, and four candidate members for which only velocities are derived. In contrast to previous work, we find that Grus I has a very low mean metallicity of 〈[Fe/H]〉 = −2.62 ± 0.11 dex, making it one of the most metal-poor UFDs. Grus I has a systemic radial velocity of −143.5 ± 1.2 km s−1 and a velocity dispersion of

σ

rv

=

2.5

−
0.8

+
1.3

km s−1, which results in a dynamical mass of

M

1

/

2

(

r

h

)
=

8

−
4

+
12

×

10

5

M
⊙ and a mass-to-light ratio of M/L

V
=

440

−
250

+
650

M
⊙/L
⊙. Under the assumption of dynamical equilibrium, our analysis confirms that Grus I is a dark-matter-dominated UFD (M/L > 80 M
⊙/L
⊙). However, we do not resolve a metallicity dispersion (σ
[Fe/H] < 0.44 dex). Our results indicate that Grus I is a fairly typical UFD with parameters that agree with mass–metallicity and metallicity-luminosity trends for faint galaxies. This agreement suggests that Grus I has not lost an especially significant amount of mass from tidal encounters with the Milky Way, in line with its orbital parameters. Intriguingly, Grus I has among the lowest central densities (

ρ

1

/

2

∼

3.5

−
2.1

+
5.7

×

10

7

M
⊙ kpc−3) of the UFDs that are not known to be tidally disrupting. Models of the formation and evolution of UFDs will need to explain the diversity of these central densities, in addition to any diversity in the outer regions of these relic galaxies.
Karyotype differentiation and male meiosis in European clades of the spider genus Pholcus (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Authors: Král Jiří , Ávila Herrera Ivalú M. , Šťáhlavský František , Sadílek David , Pavelka Jaroslav , Chatzaki Maria , Huber Bernhard A.
Published: November 2022

Haplogyne araneomorphs are a diverse spider clade. Their karyotypes are usually predominated by biarmed (i.e., metacentric and submetacentric) chromosomes and have a specific sex chromosome system, X1X2Y. These features are probably ancestral for haplogynes. Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) spread frequently from autosomes to sex chromosomes in these spiders. This study focuses on pholcids (Pholcidae), a highly diverse haplogyne family. Despite considerable recent progress in pholcid cytogenetics, knowledge on many clades remains insufficient including the most species-rich pholcid genus, Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805. To characterize the karyotype differentiation of Pholcus in Europe, we compared karyotypes, sex chromosomes, NORs, and male meiosis of seven species [P. alticeps Spassky, 1932; P. creticus Senglet, 1971; P. dentatus Wunderlich, 1995; P. fuerteventurensis Wunderlich, 1992; P. phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775); P. opilionoides (Schrank, 1781); P. silvai Wunderlich, 1995] representing the dominant species groups in this region. The species studied show several features ancestral for Pholcus, namely the 2n♂ = 25, the X1X2Y system, and a karyotype predominated by biarmed chromosomes. Most taxa have a large acrocentric NOR-bearing pair, which evolved from a biarmed pair by a pericentric inversion. In some lineages, the acrocentric pair reverted to biarmed. Closely related species often differ in the morphology of some chromosome pairs, probably resulting from pericentric inversions and/or translocations. Such rearrangements have been implicated in the formation of reproductive barriers. While the X1 and Y chromosomes retain their ancestral metacentric morphology, the X2 chromosome shows a derived (acrocentric or subtelocentric) morphology. Pairing of this element is usually modified during male meiosis. NOR patterns are very diverse. The ancestral karyotype of Pholcus contained five or six terminal NORs including three X chromosome-linked loci. The number of NORs has been frequently reduced during evolution. In the Macaronesian clade, there is only a single NOR-bearing pair. Sex chromosome-linked NORs are lost in Madeiran species and in P. creticus. Our study revealed two cytotypes in the synanthropic species P. phalangioides (Madeiran and Czech), which differ by their NOR pattern and chromosome morphology. In the Czech cytotype, the large acrocentric pair was transformed into a biarmed pair by pericentric inversion.
The aquatic Adephaga of the Makay, central-western Madagascar, with description of two new diving beetle species (Coleoptera, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae)
Authors: Ramahandrison Andriamirado Tahina , Rakouth Bakolimalala , Manuel Michaël
Published: November 2022

Water beetles of the families Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, and Dytiscidae (aquatic Adephaga) of the Makay in central-western Madagascar were surveyed in three campaigns during the years 2016–2018. A total of 74 species was collected from 62 sampling sites, all except one being newly recorded from the Makay. Copelatus malavergnorumsp. nov. (irinus group) and C. zanabatosp. nov. (erichsonii group) (Dytiscidae, Copelatinae) are described and their habitus and male genitalia are illustrated. A systematic account is given, including description of habitat preferences for each species. Analyses of species composition and dominance, species diversity and endemism highlighted the strong singularity of the aquatic Adephaga fauna inhabiting the sandstone massif of inner Makay (notably with several local endemic dytiscids) with respect to its peripheral lowlands. These comparisons were also performed between groups of sites categorised according to vegetation context (forested, semi-forested, non-forested). Rather unexpectedly, inner Makay although well-preserved and little deforested has relatively low endemism level and low species diversity (H1 Hill number twice lower than in the geographically close and geologically similar massif of Isalo). Species diversity was higher in the deforested and man-impacted peripheral sites, which yielded a rich contingent of western Madagascar lowland species including a few undescribed or rarely observed dytiscids.
La dette publique en France au XIX e siècle
Authors: R. Velde François
Published: November 2022

Dans cet article, l’auteur passe en revue l’histoire de la dette publique française au cours du long xix e siècle, du Consulat à la Grande Guerre. Il évalue l’importance de cette dette et les grandes lignes de son évolution en la reliant aux surplus budgétaires. Enfin il présente la panoplie d’instruments financiers employés par l’État français et les principales méthodes de gestion de la dette. Classification JEL : N13, N14, N40.
Comment assurer la soutenabilité de la dette publique française ?
Authors: Ecalle François
Published: November 2022

La dette publique est soutenable si l’État peut payer les intérêts et rembourser le principal de ses emprunts, éventuellement en réempruntant. Pour que ses créanciers en soient sûrs, la dette doit pouvoir être stabilisée en pourcentage du PIB quand la conjoncture est normale. Le déficit public doit donc lui-même être stabilisé alors qu’il est sur une tendance croissante en France. Cette stabilisation du déficit est plus difficile si le taux d’intérêt apparent de la dette est supérieur à la croissance nominale du PIB. Une croissance potentielle plus forte améliore la soutenabilité de la dette, mais la prudence conseille de ne pas trop compter dessus. Il n’est pas sûr qu’une inflation plus forte réduise le rapport de la dette au PIB et elle a des effets négatifs à long terme. Le taux des prélèvements obligatoires pourrait être augmenté, mais les marges de hausse sont limitées en France. La mutualisation des dépenses et des dettes publiques au niveau européen est une bonne solution, mais elle requiert une solidarité entre pays qui pourrait manquer. Il reste la maîtrise de la croissance des dépenses, mais elle risque d’être insuffisante dans le contexte politique et social français actuel. Classification JEL : H50, H54, H60, H62, H63, H68.
Capital investissement et capital humain
Authors: Roussel Josse , Ben Bouheni Faten , Guillard Alexandre
Published: November 2022

Le concept de capital humain est devenu incontournable tant au sein du monde de la recherche académique (économistes, gestionnaires) que dans le monde des affaires. La première partie de cet article a pour objectif, après un travail de définition du concept, de présenter les différentes méthodologies d’audit qui permettent son évaluation. La seconde partie insiste sur la prise en compte du capital humain dans l’industrie du capital investissement, mettant en évidence l’intérêt grandissant des investisseurs pour le capital humain qui représente à leurs yeux l’un des actifs clés des entreprises d’aujourd’hui et tout particulièrement dans les secteurs des services (finance, assurance, conseil, éducation) et de la haute technologie. Classification JEL : J20, J30, J24.
De la nécessité d’une adaptation de la réglementation sur l’usage de la monnaie électronique : le cas du mobile money dans la CEMAC
Authors: Avom Désiré , Bidiasse Honoré , Mvogo Grégory
Published: November 2022

L’objectif de cet article est de suggérer une évolution de la réglementation sur l’usage du mobile money afin d’en améliorer les gains d’efficacité dans la sous-région CEMAC. Nous montrons que cette efficacité repose sur la nécessité de la coordination des actions, l’établissement de la confiance, la gestion des moyens de paiement et la sécurité. Le nouveau cadre réglementaire doit ainsi migrer progressivement d’une approche institutionnelle vers une approche plus fonctionnelle. Nous admettons que les gains attendus permettront de garantir la stabilité, la fiabilité et l’intégrité du système de paiement, tout en favorisant l’inclusion financière des populations pauvres. Classification JEL : E42, O33, O35.
L’écosysteme méditerranéen : états d’urgence
Authors: Médail Frédéric
Published: November 2022

Le bassin méditerranéen constitue un point chaud ( hotspot ) mondial de biodiversité marine et terrestre, mais il est aussi un point chaud de croissance démographique et d’impacts humains. C’est l’une des principales régions en crise identifiée au niveau mondial, tant sur le plan de l’altération des écosystèmes que de celle de sa biodiversité. Il s’avère indispensable de préserver les écosystèmes et leurs dynamiques pour mieux conserver ce patrimoine naturel unique. Responsables politiques et chercheurs doivent davantage interagir afin de prendre au plus vite les décisions qui s’imposent.
“Like a Pale Flower in a Dark Well”: Experiences of Women Whose Spouses Have Schizophrenia
Authors: Öztürk Gülhan Küçük , Çam Mahire Olcay
Published: November 2022

The current qualitative phenomenological study was performed with the aim of determining spousal, marital, and family experiences of women with spouses who have schizophrenia. Eleven women (mean age = 48 years) who were living with a spouse with schizophrenia with a disorder duration of at least 10 years were interviewed. Two main themes and six subthemes were revealed:
Dark Well
(anger and hate, pity beyond emotion, burnout) and
Pale Flower
(porter work, prison, destruction of roles). Women living with spouses with schizophrenia felt as though they had fallen into a dark well filled with problems, such as anger, hate, pity, and burnout, while they were living pale lives, which were wearing them out in many ways due to changing roles, carrying heavy burdens, and disrupted marital relationships. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61
(2), 53–59.]
Distributed sensors and neural network driven building earthquake resistance mechanism
Authors: Chen Pingping , Qi Mingyang , Chen Long
Published: November 2022

The anti-seismic support and hanger are firmly connected to the building structure and are anti-seismic support equipment with seismic force as the main load. Real-time and accurate acquisition of the service status of the seismic support and hanger to check and judge whether the seismic support and hanger are in a normal working state is of great significance for practical engineering applications. In this paper, based on distributed sensor technology, a set of intelligent monitoring systems for seismic support and hanger of buildings is established. The sensing equipment installed on the seismic support and hanger senses the signal, and then the data collection, storage and processing are used to accurately judge the seismic support and hanger. Service performance status. To effectively fuse multi-source data in distributed sensor environment, an improved method based on wavelet and neural network data fusion is proposed. Compared with the existing methods, the experimental results show that the proposed method has good robustness. Besides, it has better performance in building seismic multi-source monitoring data fusion and is less affected by the data overlap ratio.
Feedback stabilization for prey predator general model with diffusion via multiplicative controls
Authors: Lamrani Ilyasse , El Harraki Imad , Aziz-Alaoui M. A. , El Alaoui Fatima-Zahrae
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we consider a predator–prey model given by a reaction–diffusion system. This model encompasses the classic Holling Ⅰ, Holling Ⅱ, Holling Ⅲ, and Holling Ⅳ functional responses. We investigate the stabilization problem of the considered system using multiplicative controls. By linearizing the system and using the maximum principle, we construct a multiplicative control that exponentially stabilizes the system towards its steady-state solutions. The proposed feedback control allows us to reach a large class of steady-state solutions. The global well-posedness is obtained via Banach fixed point. Applications and numerical simulations to Holling responses Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ are presented.
Nurses' perceptions of quality of work life in private hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria: A qualitative study
Authors: Ogbuabor Daniel , Ghasi Nwanneka , Eneh Raymonda
Published: November 2022

Despite being essential for retaining nurses, not much is known about nurses' quality of work life (QWL) in private hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria. We explored nurses' perceptions of QWL, factors influencing it, how it affects motivation, and strategies for its improvement. The study was conducted in seven private hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria. The design was qualitative, using focus group discussion (n = 7) with registered nurses (n = 66) purposively selected using maximum variation sampling and the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using verbatim transcription and thematic analysis. The nurses understood QWL from work-family life, work design, work context and work world perspectives. Opportunities for skill acquisition, resource availability, helpfulness from colleagues, and a hygienic work environment improved the QWL and motivation of nurses. Work-family life factors including caring obligations, night shifts, long hours, burnout, and inappropriate leave policies; work design factors including declining autonomy, inadequate staffing, and a high workload; work context factors consisting of a lack of participatory decision-making, blaming nurses for gaps, restrictive training policy, limited training opportunity, and insecurity; and work world factors related to poor remuneration, poor community view of nursing and ease of job termination undermined QWL and demotivated nurses. Strategies identified by the nurses to improve QWL included improving staffing, vacation, care coordination, supportive supervision, teamwork, promotion, participatory decision-making, training opportunities, timely hand-over of shifts, job recognition, and compensation. The quality of nursing work life in private hospitals in Enugu needs improvement. Quality improvement programs addressing the barriers to nurses' QWL are warranted.
Codification of Civil Law in Kosovo: An Analysis of the Main Principles of Book One – General Part of the Kosovo Draft Civil Code
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Prishtinë, Kosovo, Gashi Haxhi
Published: November 2022

Kosovo is in the process of civil law codification. Civil law relationships are currently regulated by special laws. After the end of the war in 1999, Kosovo’s jurisdiction became complex due to the simultaneous application of different laws: the UNMIK regulations, previous laws, and the legislation adopted by the Assembly of Kosovo from 2001 onwards. Consequently, these circumstances have had an impact and caused different interpretations and inconsistent application of the laws in the same cases, which among other issues points to the need for codification. The lack of clear and uniform law implementation in court cases related to the civil law matters is also considered an issue that can be resolved by the harmonisation of civil law through a civil code. In other words, the drafting of a civil code will clean up the legal system from different laws in place. It will harmonize and bring Kosovo’s legislation closer to the international standards and best practices in this area of law, which will lead to better law implementation. In this paper, questions related to the approach and model of the civil code will be discussed. Further discussion will focus on the main general principles outlined in the General Part of the Civil Code approved by the Government on 29 December 2021, which is being regulated in Kosovo for the first time. The analyses in this paper are based on a review of literature, Kosovo legislation and references to the European countries’ legislation which are used as models for some parts of the Kosovo Draft Civil Code. Finally, some conclusions are drawn regarding the questions raised concerning the model of the civil code and the general principles included in the code.
Revisiting gender theory in fan fiction: Bringing nonbinary genders into the world
Authors: Leetal Dean
Published: November 2022

While these facts are generally ignored, nonbinary gender is a theme in fan spaces, and Judith Butler's theory of gender creation mostly excludes the possibility of any genders outside of the binary. When brought together, classic queer studies and fan studies texts offer explanations for both and indicate that nonbinary genders are at the core of fan fiction. Fan fiction communities, although often transphobic, practice bringing into the world genders outside of the binary gender system. Judith Butler's gender theory and classic fan studies research inform one another; when they are brought together, it is clear that fandom is a ground for the creation of genders, which in turn are embodied outside of fandom and are objects of attraction that exist outside of binary-gendered attraction models.
Pic sets, fan cognition, and fannish networks of meaning
Authors: Hautsch Jessica
Published: November 2022

Fans' creative works are not evidence of thinking but acts of thinking, forming part of the cognitive system of fandom. Work in cognitive science and philosophy can provide a useful theoretical framework for exploring the mental, embodied, cultural, and ecological networks through which fans read and create, as well as the cognitive operations by which understanding is generated. Pic sets from the Game of Thrones Jon Snow/Sansa Stark fandom serve as a case study to illustrate fans' creative, embodied, and distributed cognition and provide insights into how fans make meaning with and through images, texts, characters, narratives, and communities.
"Gaming sexism: Gender and identity in the era of casual video games," by Amanda C. Cote
Authors: Cullen Amanda Lynn Lawson
Published: November 2022

Review of Amanda C. Cote, Gaming sexism: Gender and identity in the era of casual video games. New York: New York University Press, 2020, paperback, $30 (265p), ISBN 978-1479802203
Roller Coaster Dream: A Chinese roller coaster enthusiast community
Authors: Baker Carissa
Published: November 2022

Roller Coaster Dream, a Chinese roller coaster enthusiast club, is a good example of an emerging fanbase in a rapidly developing theme park market.
Taylor Swift, remediating the self, and nostalgic girlhood in tween music fandom
Authors: Rossman Margaret
Published: November 2022

As traditional album sales decline, music artists have turned to deluxe editions and store exclusives to entice their fan bases into buying not just physical copies but multiple copies of the same record. In attempting to engage with a young and increasingly digital audience—many of whom do not even own devices on which to play physical copies of music—Taylor Swift has chosen to use emotional rhetoric to transpose her aura into a desire for the tangible. Swift brings fans along with her on a journey into her own past, reigniting interest in earlier forms of media and capitalizing on a tween ideal of bedroom culture. In creating deluxe versions of her album Lover (2019) with scanned copies of her teen diary entries alongside blank journal pages for fans, Swift encourages a melding of fan and star in a moment of adolescent expression. With this production, Swift attempts to create physical objects of emotion, to reinforce girl culture as brand, and to bring value back to the nondigital album. Swift creates purposeful space in her own narrative for fans to insert themselves and plug in their understanding of her star text, further aligning herself and the fan in a sort of metafandom.