bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DELMEP: a deep learning algorithm for automated annotation of motor evoked potential latencies
Authors: Milardovich Diego , Souza Victor H. , Zubarev Ivan , Tugin Sergei , Nieminen Jaakko O. , Bigoni Claudia , Hummel Friedhelm C. , Korhonen Juuso T. , Aydogan Dogu B. , Lioumis Pantelis , Taherinejad Nima , Grasser Tibor , Ilmoniemi Risto J.
Published: May 2023

The analysis of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is crucial in research and clinical medical practice. MEPs are characterized by their latency and the treatment of a single patient may require the characterization of thousands of MEPs. Given the difficulty of developing reliable and accurate algorithms, currently the assessment of MEPs is performed with visual inspection and manual annotation by a medical expert; making it a time-consuming, inaccurate, and error-prone process. In this study, we developed DELMEP, a deep learning-based algorithm to automate the estimation of MEP latency. Our algorithm resulted in a mean absolute error of about 0.5 ms and an accuracy that was practically independent of the MEP amplitude. The low computational cost of the DELMEP algorithm allows employing it in on-the-fly characterization of MEPs for brain-state-dependent and closed-loop brain stimulation protocols. Moreover, its learning ability makes it a particularly promising option for artificial-intelligence-based personalized clinical applications.
Feeding recycled food waste improved feed efficiency in laying hens from 24 to 43 weeks of age
Authors: Dao Hiep T. , Sharma Nishchal K. , Swick Robert A. , Moss Amy F.
Published: May 2023

There is renewed interest in utilizing food waste as animal feed due to its potential benefits in reducing feed cost and environmental impact while improving global food security. This study was conducted to examine the efficacy of recycled food waste-based feed for laying hen performance, egg quality, and nutrient digestibility. Hy-Line Brown hens (n = 150) were randomly distributed to three dietary treatments with 50 replicate cages of a single bird per treatment from 24 to 43 weeks of age. The treatments were: a standard/control feed based on wheat, sorghum, and soybean meal; a recycled food waste based-feed; and a 50:50 blend of control and food waste based-feed. Hens offered the food waste-based diets had similar egg weight, hen day egg production, and egg mass, but lower feed intake and higher feed efficiency, compared to those fed the control diets (P < 0.001). Hens fed the food waste diets exhibited lower shell breaking strength and shell thickness at week 34, and higher yolk color score and higher fat digestibility compared to the control treatment at week 43 (P < 0.001). Thus, feeding the recycled food waste based-feed maintained egg production while improving feed efficiency compared to the control feed.
ACCT is a fast and accessible automatic cell counting tool using machine learning for 2D image segmentation
Authors: Kataras Theodore J. , Jang Tyler J. , Koury Jeffrey , Singh Hina , Fok Dominic , Kaul Marcus
Published: May 2023

Counting cells is a cornerstone of tracking disease progression in neuroscience. A common approach for this process is having trained researchers individually select and count cells within an image, which is not only difficult to standardize but also very time-consuming. While tools exist to automatically count cells in images, the accuracy and accessibility of such tools can be improved. Thus, we introduce a novel tool ACCT: Automatic Cell Counting with Trainable Weka Segmentation which allows for flexible automatic cell counting via object segmentation after user-driven training. ACCT is demonstrated with a comparative analysis of publicly available images of neurons and an in-house dataset of immunofluorescence-stained microglia cells. For comparison, both datasets were manually counted to demonstrate the applicability of ACCT as an accessible means to automatically quantify cells in a precise manner without the need for computing clusters or advanced data preparation.
A comprehensive signature based on endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes in predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in melanoma
Authors: Liu Longqing , Yao Dilang , Chen Zhiwei , Duan Shidong
Published: May 2023

Melanoma is considered as one of the most invasion types of skin cancer with high mortality rates. Although combination of immune checkpoint therapy with local surgical excision provide a novel promising therapeutic strategies, the overall prognosis of melanoma patients remains unsatisfactory. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a process of protein misfolding and undue accumulation, has been proven to play an indispensable regulatory role in tumor progression and tumor immunity. However, whether the signature based ER genes has predictive value for the prognosis and immunotherapy of melanoma has not been systematically manifested. In this study, the LASSO regression and multivariate Cox regression were applied to construct a novel signature for predicting melanoma prognosis both in the training and testing set. Intriguingly, we found that patients endowed with high- and low-risk scores displayed differences in clinicopathologic classification, immune cell infiltration level, tumor microenvironment, and immune checkpoint treatment response. Subsequently, based on molecular biology experiments, we validated that silencing the expression of RAC1, an ERG composed of the risk signature, could restrain the proliferation and migration, promote apoptosis, as well as increase the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA4 in melanoma cells. Taken together, the risk signature was regarded as promising predictors for melanoma prognosis and might provide prospective strategies to ameliorate patients’ response to immunotherapy.
In vitro studies of factors affecting debridement of dental implants by tricalcium phosphate powder abrasive treatment
Authors: Chen I-Cheng , Su Chen-Ying , Tu Jia-Jun , Kao Daniel Wenkai , Fang Hsu-Wei
Published: May 2023

Peri-implantitis is a common complication characterized by inflammation in tissues surrounding dental implants due to plaque accumulation, which can lead to implant failure. While air flow abrasive treatment has been found to be effective for debriding implant surfaces, little is known about the factors that affect its cleaning capacity. This study systematically examined the cleaning capacity of air powder abrasive (APA) treatment with β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) powder, using various powder jetting strengths and different particle sizes. Three sizes of β-TCP powder (S, M, and L) were prepared, and different powder settings (low, medium, and high) were tested. The cleaning capacity was determined by quantifying ink removal, which simulated biofilm removal from the implant surfaces at different time points. The results of the systematic comparisons showed that the most efficient cleaning of implant surfaces was achieved using size M particles with medium setting. Additionally, the amount of powder consumed was found to be critical to cleaning efficiency, and the implant surfaces were altered in all tested groups. These systematically analyzed outcomes may provide insights into the development of potential non-surgical strategies for treating peri-implant diseases.
Novel genetically engineered mouse models for clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: van der Mijn Johannes C. , Laursen Kristian B. , Fu Leiping , Khani Francesca , Dow Lukas E. , Nowak Dawid G. , Chen Qiuying , Gross Steven S. , Nanus David M. , Gudas Lorraine J.
Published: May 2023

Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) are important immunocompetent models for research into the roles of individual genes in cancer and the development of novel therapies. Here we use inducible CRISPR-Cas9 systems to develop two GEMMs which aim to model the extensive chromosome p3 deletion frequently observed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We cloned paired guide RNAs targeting early exons of Bap1, Pbrm1, and Setd2 in a construct containing a Cas9D10A (nickase, hSpCsn1n) driven by tetracycline (tet)-responsive elements (TRE3G) to develop our first GEMM. The founder mouse was crossed with two previously established transgenic lines, one carrying the tet-transactivator (tTA, Tet-Off) and one with a triple-mutant stabilized HIF1A-M3 (TRAnsgenic Cancer of the Kidney, TRACK), both driven by a truncated, proximal tubule-specific γ-glutamyltransferase 1 (ggt or γGT) promoter, to create triple-transgenic animals. Our results indicate that this model (BPS-TA) induces low numbers of somatic mutations in Bap1 and Pbrm1 (but not in Setd2), known tumor suppressor genes in human ccRCC. These mutations, largely restricted to kidneys and testis, induced no detectable tissue transformation in a cohort of 13 month old mice (N = 10). To gain insights into the low frequencies of insertions and deletions (indels) in BPS-TA mice we analyzed wild type (WT, N = 7) and BPS-TA (N = 4) kidneys by RNAseq. This showed activation of both DNA damage and immune response, suggesting activation of tumor suppressive mechanisms in response to genome editing. We then modified our approach by generating a second model in which a ggt-driven, cre-regulated Cas9WT(hSpCsn1) was employed to introduce Bap1, Pbrm1, and Setd2 genome edits in the TRACK line (BPS-Cre). The BPS-TA and BPS-Cre lines are both tightly controlled in a spatiotemporal manner with doxycycline (dox) and tamoxifen (tam), respectively. In addition, whereas the BPS-TA line relies on paired guide RNAs (gRNAs), the BPS-Cre line requires only single gRNAs for gene perturbation. In the BPS-Cre we identified increased Pbrm1 gene-editing frequencies compared to the BPS-TA model. Whereas we did not detect Setd2 edits in the BPS-TA kidneys, we found extensive editing of Setd2 in the BPS-Cre model. Bap1 editing efficiencies were comparable between the two models. Although no gross malignancies were observed in our study, this is the first reported GEMM which models the extensive chromosome 3p deletion frequently observed in kidney cancer patients. Further studies are required (1) to model more extensive 3p deletions, e.g. impacting additional genes, and (2) to increase the cellular resolution, e.g. by employing single-cell RNAseq to ascertain the effects of specific combinatorial gene inactivation.
Uncovering the impact of AM fungi on wheat nutrient uptake, ion homeostasis, oxidative stress, and antioxidant defense under salinity stress
Authors: Huang Shoucheng , Gill Sidra , Ramzan Musarrat , Ahmad Muhammad Zaheer , Danish Subhan , Huang Ping , Al Obaid Sami , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali
Published: May 2023

The growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum) is constrained by soil salinity, although some fungal species have been shown to enhance production in saline environments. The yield of grain crops is affected by salt stress, and this study aimed to investigate how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) mitigates salt stress. An experiment was conducted to assess the impact of AMF on wheat growth and yield in conditions of 200 mM salt stress. Wheat seeds were coated with AMF at a rate of 0.1 g (108spores) during sowing. The results of the experiment demonstrated that AMF inoculation led to a significant improvement in the growth attributes of wheat, including root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight of root and shoot. Furthermore, a significant increase in chlorophyll a, b, total, and carotenoids was observed in the S2 AMF treatment, validating the effectiveness of AMF in enhancing wheat growth under salt stress conditions. Additionally, AMF application reduced the negative effects of salinity stress by increasing the uptake of micronutrients such as Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn while regulating the uptake of Na (decrease) and K (increase) under salinity stress. In conclusion, this study confirms that AMF is a successful strategy for reducing the negative effects of salt stress on wheat growth and yield. However, further investigations are recommended at the field level under different cereal crops to establish AMF as a more effective amendment for the alleviation of salinity stress in wheat.
Inferring origin-destination distribution of agent transfer in a complex network using deep gated recurrent units
Authors: Saw Vee-Liem , Vismara Luca , Suryadi  , Yang Bo , Johansson Mikael , Chew Lock Yue
Published: May 2023

Predicting the origin-destination (OD) probability distribution of agent transfer is an important problem for managing complex systems. However, prediction accuracy of associated statistical estimators suffer from underdetermination. While specific techniques have been proposed to overcome this deficiency, there still lacks a general approach. Here, we propose a deep neural network framework with gated recurrent units (DNNGRU) to address this gap. Our DNNGRU is network-free, as it is trained by supervised learning with time-series data on the volume of agents passing through edges. We use it to investigate how network topologies affect OD prediction accuracy, where performance enhancement is observed to depend on the degree of overlap between paths taken by different ODs. By comparing against methods that give exact results, we demonstrate the near-optimal performance of our DNNGRU, which we found to consistently outperform existing methods and alternative neural network architectures, under diverse data generation scenarios.
Performance analyses of highly efficient inverted all-perovskite bilayer solar cell
Authors: Gholami-Milani Alireza , Ahmadi-Kandjani Sohrab , Olyaeefar Babak , Kermani Mir Hojjat
Published: May 2023

Numerical simulation of an all-perovskite bilayer solar cell has been conducted by the SCAPS-1D. The presented structure employs MAPbI3 as a relatively wide bandgap (1.55 eV) top absorber and FA0.5MA0.5Pb0.5Sn0.5I3 as a narrow bandgap (1.25 eV) bottom absorber. The viability of the proposed design is accomplished in two steps. First, to validate this study, two inverted solar cells in standalone conditions are simulated and calibrated to fit previously reported state-of-the-art results. Second, both these devices are appraised for the bilayer configuration to boost their performances. Affecting parameters such as the thickness of perovskite absorbers, the work function of front and rear contacts, and the effect of temperature have been studied because solar cells are temperature-sensitive devices, and also carrier concentration and their mobility get overwhelmingly influenced as temperature increases. It is manifested that using bilayer structures could easily widen the absorption spectrum to the near-infrared region and significantly enhance the performance of the device which is mainly affected by the thickness of the FA0.5MA0.5Pb0.5Sn0.5I3 layer. Also, it has been found that the work function of the front contact has a prominent role with its optimal values being above 5 eV. Finally, the optimized inverted all-perovskite bilayer solar cell delivers a power conversion efficiency of 24.83%, fill factor of 79.4%, open circuit voltage of 0.9 V, and short circuit current density of 34.76 mA/cm2 at 275 K and a thickness of 100 nm and 600 nm for MAPbI3 and FA0.5MA0.5Pb0.5Sn0.5I3, respectively.
Evaluation of the anterior acetabular coverage with a false profile radiograph considering appropriate range of positioning
Authors: Kokubu Yasuhiko , Kawahara Shinya , Kitamura Kenji , Hamai Satoshi , Motomura Goro , Ikemura Satoshi , Sato Taishi , Yamaguchi Ryosuke , Hara Daisuke , Fujii Masanori , Nakashima Yasuharu
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to (1) set a reference value for anterior center edge angle (ACEA) for preoperative planning of periacetabular osteotomy (PAO), (2) investigate the effects of pelvic rotation and inclination from false profile (FP) radiographs on the measured ACEA, and (3) determine the “appropriate range of positioning” for FP radiograph. This single-centered, retrospective study analyzed 61 patients (61 hips) who underwent PAO from April 2018 and May 2021. ACEA was measured in each digitally reconstructed radiography (DRR) image of the FP radiograph reconstructed in different degrees of pelvic rotation. Detailed simulations were performed to determine the “appropriate range of positioning” (0.67 < ratio of the distance between the femoral heads to the diameter of the femoral head < 1.0). The vertical-center-anterior (VCA) angle was measured on the CT sagittal plane considering the patient-specific standing positions, and its correlation with the ACEA was investigated. The reference value of ACEA was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The ACEA measurement increased by 0.35° for every 1° pelvic rotation approaching the true lateral view. The pelvic rotation with the “appropriate range of positioning” was found at 5.0° (63.3–68.3°). The ACEA on the FP radiographs showed a good correlation with the VCA angle. The ROC curve revealed that an ACEA < 13.6° was associated with inadequate anterior coverage (VCA < 32°). Our findings suggest that during preoperative PAO planning, an ACEA < 13.6° on FP radiographs indicates insufficient anterior acetabular coverage. Images with the “appropriate positioning” can also have a measurement error of 1.7° due to the pelvic rotation.
Suppression of the human malic enzyme 2 modifies energy metabolism and inhibits cellular respiration
Authors: Hsieh Ju-Yi , Chen Kun-Chi , Wang Chun-Hsiung , Liu Guang-Yaw , Ye Jie-An , Chou Yu-Tung , Lin Yi-Chun , Lyu Cheng-Jhe , Chang Rui-Ying , Liu Yi-Liang , Li Yen-Hsien , Lee Mau-Rong , Ho Meng-Chiao , Hung Hui-Chih
Published: May 2023

Human mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme (ME2) is well-known for its role in cell metabolism, which may be involved in cancer or epilepsy. We present potent ME2 inhibitors based on cyro-EM structures that target ME2 enzyme activity. Two structures of ME2-inhibitor complexes demonstrate that 5,5’-Methylenedisalicylic acid (MDSA) and embonic acid (EA) bind allosterically to ME2’s fumarate-binding site. Mutagenesis studies demonstrate that Asn35 and the Gln64-Tyr562 network are required for both inhibitors’ binding. ME2 overexpression increases pyruvate and NADH production while decreasing the cell’s NAD+/NADH ratio; however, ME2 knockdown has the opposite effect. MDSA and EA inhibit pyruvate synthesis and thus increase the NAD+/NADH ratio, implying that these two inhibitors interfere with metabolic changes by inhibiting cellular ME2 activity. ME2 silence or inhibiting ME2 activity with MDSA or EA decreases cellular respiration and ATP synthesis. Our findings suggest that ME2 is crucial for mitochondrial pyruvate and energy metabolism, as well as cellular respiration, and that ME2 inhibitors could be useful in the treatment of cancer or other diseases that involve these processes.
Ultra-high field fMRI identifies an action-observation network in the common marmoset
Authors: Zanini Alessandro , Dureux Audrey , Selvanayagam Janahan , Everling Stefan
Published: May 2023

The observation of others’ actions activates a network of temporal, parietal and premotor/prefrontal areas in macaque monkeys and humans. This action-observation network (AON) has been shown to play important roles in social action monitoring, learning by imitation, and social cognition in both species. It is unclear whether a similar network exists in New-World primates, which separated from Old-Word primates ~35 million years ago. Here we used ultra-high field fMRI at 9.4 T in awake common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) while they watched videos depicting goal-directed (grasping food) or non-goal-directed actions. The observation of goal-directed actions activates a temporo-parieto-frontal network, including areas 6 and 45 in premotor/prefrontal cortices, areas PGa-IPa, FST and TE in occipito-temporal region and areas V6A, MIP, LIP and PG in the occipito-parietal cortex. These results show overlap with the humans and macaques’ AON, demonstrating the existence of an evolutionarily conserved network that likely predates the separation of Old and New-World primates.
Impact of noise on spinodal dewetting of liquid-liquid films
Authors: Shiri Roghayeh , Schmeller Leonie , Peschka Dirk , Seemann Ralf , Wagner Barbara
Published: May 2023

Spinodal dewetting provides fundamental insights into the physics at interfaces, such as van der Waals forces driving dewetting, dissipation processes or thermal fluctuations. The dewetting process of liquid bilayer systems still raises open problems involving two coupled moving interfaces. Comparison of experimental results of spinodally dewetting liquid polystyrene films from liquid polymethylmethacrylate substrates, with predictions from linear stability analysis, we demonstrate that both the spinodal wavelength and the rupture times show significant differences. Key for this discrepancy is the altered mode selection process due to the initial surface roughness of the liquid-air and liquid-liquid interfaces, which is perturbed by partially correlated colored noise in the linearly unstable region. The strong effect of noise on mode selection and rupture time is confirmed by comparing experimental results with numerical solutions of the full dynamic nonlinear model and suggest new strategies to include thermal fluctuations into modeling these processes.
Thermodynamic and dynamical predictions for bifurcations and non-equilibrium phase transitions
Authors: Yan Han , Zhang Feng , Wang Jin
Published: May 2023

“Critical transitions”, in which systems switch abruptly from one state to another are ubiquitous in physical and biological systems. Such critical transitions in complex systems are commonly described as dynamical processes within the framework of nonlinear dynamics and the bifurcation theory. However, systematic treatment from the global thermodynamic perspective is still challenging. Furthermore, from the previous established dynamical framework, a universal early-warning signal for predicting such transitions is still not very clear and complete. Here we developed a non-equilibrium thermodynamic and dynamical framework for general complex systems. Our approach used the analogy to the conventional statistical mechanical treatment for the equilibrium phase transitions, while the nature of the non-equilibrium dynamics is still captured and reflected. Applying this framework to two well-known non-equilibrium systems, we found warning signals based on thermodynamic quantities and the time-reversal symmetry breaking nature of non-equilibrium systems can be detected much earlier than those explored in the previous works based on nonlinear dynamics and the bifurcation theory. Irreversibility of the observed time series strongly correlates to the behavior of these thermodynamic quantities and provides a practical way for predicting transitions. Our work provides a general yet practical approach for exploring collective behaviors in complex systems.
Imaging immunomodulatory treatment responses in a multiple sclerosis mouse model using hyperpolarized 13C metabolic MRI
Authors: Guglielmetti Caroline , Cordano Christian , Najac Chloé , Green Ari J. , Chaumeil Myriam M.
Published: May 2023

Background

In recent years, the ability of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including T1 contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI, to monitor high-efficacy therapies and predict long-term disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been challenged. Therefore, non-invasive methods to improve MS lesions detection and monitor therapy response are needed.

Methods

We studied the combined cuprizone and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (CPZ-EAE) mouse model of MS, which presents inflammatory-mediated demyelinated lesions in the central nervous system as commonly seen in MS patients. Using hyperpolarized 13C MR spectroscopy (MRS) metabolic imaging, we measured cerebral metabolic fluxes in control, CPZ-EAE and CPZ-EAE mice treated with two clinically-relevant therapies, namely fingolimod and dimethyl fumarate. We also acquired conventional T1 CE MRI to detect active lesions, and performed ex vivo measurements of enzyme activities and immunofluorescence analyses of brain tissue. Last, we evaluated associations between imaging and ex vivo parameters.

Results

We show that hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate conversion to lactate is increased in the brain of untreated CPZ-EAE mice when compared to the control, reflecting immune cell activation. We further demonstrate that this metabolic conversion is significantly decreased in response to the two treatments. This reduction can be explained by increased pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and a decrease in immune cells. Importantly, we show that hyperpolarized 13C MRS detects dimethyl fumarate therapy, whereas conventional T1 CE MRI cannot.

Conclusions

In conclusion, hyperpolarized MRS metabolic imaging of [1-13C]pyruvate detects immunological responses to disease-modifying therapies in MS. This technique is complementary to conventional MRI and provides unique information on neuroinflammation and its modulation.
A Quaternary mixed oxide protective scaffold for ruthenium during oxygen evolution reaction in acidic media
Authors: Piñeiro-García Alexis , Wu Xiuyu , Rafei Mouna , Mörk Paul Jonathan , Gracia-Espino Eduardo
Published: May 2023

Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis is widely used in hydrogen production, but its application is limited by significant electrocatalyst dissolution at the anode during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The best performing electrocatalysts to date are based on ruthenium and iridium oxides, but these experience degradation even at moderate cell potentials. Here we investigate a quaternary Sn-Sb-Mo-W mixed oxide as a protective scaffold for ruthenium oxide. The acid-stable mixed oxide consists of an interconnected network of nanostructured oxides capable of stabilizing ruthenium into the matrix (Ru-MO). In combination with titanium fibre felt, we observed a lower degradation in the oxygen evolution reaction activity compared to unprotected ruthenium oxide after the electrochemical stress test. The superior stability of Ru-MO@Ti is attributed to the presence of MO which hinders the formation of reactive higher valence ruthenium (Ru+8). Our work demonstrates the potential of multi-metal oxides to extend the lifetime of the OER active metal and the titanium support.
Multicomponent Hydrogels for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Andrade F. , Durán-Lara E. , Rafael D.
Published: May 2023

Multicomponent hydrogels have proved to be extraordinarily useful tools in the cancer field, bringing a wide range of opportunities in important areas such as treatment, diagnosis, prevention, and research. Regarding treatment, innovative therapies are being developed to promote the controlled and sustained release of therapeutic compounds. As demonstrated by the positive results obtained by the approved formulations and those in clinical trials, the use of multicomponent hydrogels potentially promotes therapeutic efficacy enhancement, and reduction of adverse effects, drug resistance, and the number of necessary administrations. At the diagnostic level, hydrogels have been used to identify and monitor the tumour during the treatment, allowing a much more accurate follow-up of the therapeutic outcomes. At the prevention level, numerous formulations are developed for the prevention of radiotherapy- and/or chemotherapy-based secondary effects. Therefore, in general, hydrogels are expected to have a great impact on both patient welfare and survival. Finally, it is also important to mention the importance of hydrogels in the research field, permitting the development of 3D cell cultures that mimic more accurately the tumour conditions, improving exponentially the precision of the experimental results. This increases the in vitro/in vivo correlations allowing a timely and accurate translation of the research to the clinic.
Unique Li deposition behavior in Li3PS4 solid electrolyte observed via operando X-ray computed tomography
Authors: Park Jaehee , Watanabe Toshiki , Yamamoto Kentaro , Uchiyama Tomoki , Takami Tsuyoshi , Sakuda Atsushi , Hayashi Akitoshi , Tatsumisago Masahiro , Uchimoto Yoshiharu
Published: May 2023

Herein, three-dimensional morphological changes within Li3PS4 electrolyte away from the anode were observed using operando X-ray computed tomography; electronic conduction of decomposition and the electrolyte/void interface cause Li deposition within the Li3PS4.
The position operator problem in periodic calculations with an emphasis on theoretical spectroscopy
Authors: Ditler Edward , Mattiat Johann , Luber Sandra
Published: May 2023

In this article, we present the challenges that arise when carrying out spectroscopic simulations within periodic boundary conditions.
Evaluating the performance of an integrated membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) system for high-strength brewery wastewater treatment
Authors: Tian Hailong , Zhang Jisheng , Zheng Yifei , Zheng Guipeng , Li Yuanyuan , Yan Yingchun , Li Zhiwen , Hui Ming
Published: May 2023

A membrane aerated biofilm bioreactor combined with a coagulation/flocculation preprocess achieved efficient treatment of high-strength brewery wastewater.
Large band gap quantum spin Hall insulators in plumbene monolayer decorated with amidogen, hydroxyl and thiol functional groups
Authors: Tabassum Sumaiya Jahan , Tanisha Tanshia Tahreen , Hiramony Nishat Tasnim , Subrina Samia
Published: May 2023

Three proposed quantum spin Hall insulators based on chemically functionalized plumbene monolayer are found to possess giant bulk band gaps, which are strain-tunable. Topological non-triviality remains intact even upon introduction of a substrate.
Mass producible, robust SERS substrates based on metal film on nanosphere (MFON) on an adhesive substrate for detection of surface-adsorbed molecules and their evaluation by helium ion microscopy
Authors: Takei H. , Saito N. , Okamoto T. , Watanabe K. , Westphal M. , Tomioka R. , Gölzhäuser A.
Published: May 2023

Robust adhesive tape embedded with silver nanoparticles is suitable for rapid detection of pesticides on agricultural produce.
An upconverted nanoparticle–porphyrin metal–organic framework platform for near-infrared detection of nitenpyram
Authors: Chen Xiong , Li Yingxue , Li Juying , Cao Li , Yao Cheng
Published: May 2023

A ratiometric nitenpyram (NIT) upconversion luminescence sensor UCNPs–PMOF was fabricated from a metal–porphyrin organic framework (PMOF) and pretreated UCNPs.
A covalent organic framework-based nanoreactor for enhanced photothermal therapy via inhibiting intracellular heat defense systems
Authors: Li Yan-An , Wan Jing-Jing , Li Wen-Yan , Guan Qun , Dong Yu-Bin
Published: May 2023

A covalent organic framework-based multifunctional nanomedicine, GOx@COF-ICG, which can inhibit intracellular heat defense systems through starvation therapy to enhance photothermal therapy.
Highly regioselective and stereoselective cascade reductive cyclization of δ-ketoamide: practical access to oxa-bridged benzazepines
Authors: Ye Hao , Zhu Xi-Wei , Pan Yi-Yun , Sun Jie , Sun Fei , Wu Xin-Xing
Published: May 2023

A highly regioselective and stereoselective cascade reduction cyclization of δ-ketoamide to access oxa-bridged benzazepines in moderate to good yields under LiAlH4-assisted conditions.
Ferroelastic phase transition and the role of volume strain in the structural trapping of a metastable quenched low-spin high-symmetry phase in [Ru0.35Fe0.65(ptz)6](BF4)2
Authors: Valverde-Muñoz Francisco Javier , Torres Ramírez Ricardo Guillermo , Ulhe Abhilash , Trzop Elzbieta , Dutta Mousumi , Das Chinmoy , Chakraborty Pradip , Collet Eric
Published: May 2023

Spin-crossover materials exhibit thermal conversion of their electronic state from low to high spin, involving both intra- and inter-molecular structural reorganisations, eventually accompanied by symmetry breaking, within the crystal.
A stable 2D luminescent metal–organic framework as a highly sensitive sensor for Fe3+and Cr2O72−/CrO42−in water
Authors: Ning Shigang , Yan Bingcheng , Wu Junrong , Chen Sen , Chen Weipeng , Tian Hongju , Zhang Shaowei
Published: May 2023

Reacting H4BDPO with d10electronic configuration Cd2+ions under solvothermal conditions produces a 2D MOF, which can serve as a luminescent sensor for sensitively detecting Fe3+and Cr2O72−/CrO42−ions in the natural water system.
Investigation of photoelectron elliptical dichroism for chiral analysis
Authors: Greenwood Jason B. , Williams Ian D.
Published: May 2023

Stereo-detection of photoelectrons ionized by intense elliptically polarized laser light. The handedness of a chiral molecule is imprinted onto the forward–backward electron emission asymmetry.
Temperature-resolved nanoscale hydration of a layered manganese oxide
Authors: Luong N. Tan , Oderstad Hanna , Holmboe Michael , Boily Jean-François
Published: May 2023

Water films captured in the interlayer region of birnessite (MnO2) nanosheets can play important roles in biogeochemical cycling, catalysis, energy storage, and even atmospheric water harvesting.
Graphdiyne (CnH2n−2) coupled with ZnCo-MOF double S-scheme heterojunction forms an efficient electron transport layer and its characterizationvia in situXPS
Authors: Zhang Linqing , Wang Xuanpu , Li Youji , Jin Zhiliang
Published: May 2023

The catalyst constructs double S-scheme heterojunctions. The excellent electrical conductivity of GDY and the synergistic effect of S-scheme heterojunctions promote the charge transfer and significantly improve the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of GDY.
Epitaxial growth of hexahedral Fe2O3@SnO2 nano-heterostructure for improved lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Xiong , Wang Rui , Kang Qiaoling , Gao Feng , Chen Miaogen , Xu Yang , Ge Hongliang , Li Dongyun
Published: May 2023

The schematic illustration of the fabrication of the hexahedral Fe2O3@SnO2 heterostructure via hydrothermal method and its lithium storage performance.
Correction: Iridium-(κ2-NSi) catalyzed dehydrogenation of formic acid: effect of auxiliary ligands on the catalytic performance
Authors: Gomez-España Alejandra , Lopez-Morales Jorge L. , Español-Sanchez Belinda , García-Orduña Pilar , Lahoz Fernando J. , Iglesias Manuel , Fernández-Alvarez Francisco J.
Published: May 2023

Correction for ‘Iridium-(κ2-NSi) catalyzed dehydrogenation of formic acid: effect of auxiliary ligands on the catalytic performance’ by Alejandra Gomez-España et al., Dalton Trans., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3dt00744h.
On a high-capacity aluminium battery with a two-electron phenothiazine redox polymer as a positive electrode
Authors: Studer Gauthier , Schmidt Alexei , Büttner Jan , Schmidt Maximilian , Fischer Anna , Krossing Ingo , Esser Birgit
Published: May 2023

An aluminium battery using an organic redox polymer as a positive electrode material delivers high reversible specific capacities at fast C-rates.
Correction: Unveiling of interstice-occupying dopant segregation at grain boundaries in perovskite oxide dielectrics for a new class of ceramic capacitors
Authors: An Ji-Sang , Lee Hae-Seung , Byeon Pilgyu , Kim Dongho , Bae Hyung Bin , Choi Si-Young , Ryu Jungho , Chung Sung-Yoon
Published: May 2023

Correction for ‘Unveiling of interstice-occupying dopant segregation at grain boundaries in perovskite oxide dielectrics for a new class of ceramic capacitors’ by Ji-Sang An et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ee03152c.
Catalytic hydrogen storage in liquid hydrogen carriers
Authors: Ni Yuwen , Han Zhe , Chai Yuchao , Wu Guangjun , Li Landong
Published: May 2023

The storage and transportation of hydrogen remain significant hurdles for its commercialization and large-scale implementation. Liquid hydrogen carriers have emerged as promising solutions in hydrogen energy conversion systems.
Development of a microfluidic device to observe dynamic flow around the villi generated by deformation of small intestinal tissue
Authors: Kuriu Satoru , Yamamoto Naoyuki , Ishida Tadashi
Published: May 2023

A proposed device for the dynamic flow observation around the villi.
HIF-stabilizing biomaterials: from hypoxia-mimicking to hypoxia-inducing
Authors: Colombani Thibault , Bhatt Khushbu , Epel Boris , Kotecha Mrignayani , Bencherif Sidi A.
Published: May 2023

Breakthroughs in biomaterials science have paved the way for significant advancements in the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α). This approach holds exciting prospects for the therapeutic use of cellular responses to low oxygen.
Accounts of applied molecular rotors and rotary motors: recent advances
Authors: Singhania Anup , Kalita Sudeshna , Chettri Prerna , Ghosh Subrata
Published: May 2023

Molecular machines are nanoscale devices capable of performing mechanical works at molecular level.
Effect of ions on the adsorption of lysozyme protein below its isoelectric point on hydrophilic (OH–Si) and hydrophobic (H–Si) surfaces
Authors: Sarkar Sanu , Saikia Aditi , Kundu Sarathi
Published: May 2023

Deposition of lysozyme bilayer films on hydrophilic (OH–Si) and hydrophobic (H–Si) surfaces in presence of ions and their enhancement in hydrophobicity compare to the pure lysozyme film.
In situ formation of biocompatible and ductile protein-based hydrogels via Michael addition reaction and visible light crosslinking
Authors: Tutar Rumeysa , Koken Simay Yagmur , Tuncaboylu Deniz Ceylan , Çelebi-Saltik Betül , Özeroğlu Cemal
Published: May 2023

Keratin, a biological polymer with high sulfur content, is the main component of hair, feathers and wool.
Evaluating Paeonia Radix Alba quality by multidimensional quantified fingerprinting combined with antioxidant profiling
Authors: Chen Lu , Fan Jiajia , Li Xiang , Lan Lili , Wang Zhe , Sun Guoxiang
Published: May 2023

Quality consistency evaluation of Paeonia Radix Alba combined with multidimensional quantitative fingerprinting and antioxidant analysis.
Chitosan-gated organic transistors printed on ethyl cellulose as a versatile platform for edible electronics and bioelectronics
Authors: Sharova Alina S. , Modena Francesco , Luzio Alessandro , Melloni Filippo , Cataldi Pietro , Viola Fabrizio , Lamanna Leonardo , Zorn Nicolas F. , Sassi Mauro , Ronchi Carlotta , Zaumseil Jana , Beverina Luca , Antognazza Maria Rosa , Caironi Mario
Published: May 2023

A platform for edible transistors is presented, comprising a chitosan-based gating medium, an ethylcellulose substrate, and printed gold electrodes.
New synthetic approaches toward OCF3-containing compounds
Authors: Hao Bo-Ya , Han Ya-Ping , Zhang Yuecheng , Liang Yong-Min
Published: May 2023

Fluorinated organic compounds are an important class of organic molecules and play a key role in both academic and industrial communities due to the unique nature of fluorine.
Human serum albumin-based supramolecular host–guest boronate probe for enhanced peroxynitrite sensing
Authors: Tian Jr. He , Guo Chen , Hu Xi-Le , Wang Jing-Bo , Zang Yi , James Tony D. , Li Jia , He Xiao-Peng
Published: May 2023

Host–guest inclusion of a small-molecule fluorescent probe into human serum albumin enhances its sensitivity for ONOO− in aqueous solution and in cells.
Polymers from sugars and isothiocyanates: ring-opening copolymerization of ad-xylose anhydrosugar oxetane
Authors: Clark Ella F. , Kociok-Köhn Gabriele , Davidson Matthew G. , Buchard Antoine
Published: May 2023

The ring-opening copolymerisation of ad-xylose 3,5-anyhydrosugar with isothiocyanates forms AB-type copolymers with imidothiocarbonate linkages. Block copolymer synthesis, reaction kinetics, polymer degradation and metal absorption are explored.
Cobalt pincer-type complexes demonstrating unique selectivity for the hydroboration reaction of olefins under mild conditions
Authors: Lewandowski Dariusz , Hreczycho Grzegorz
Published: May 2023

Pincer cobalt complexes based on a triazine backbone have been used as efficient catalysts for the hydroboration reaction of alkenes. The presented protocol shows unique selectivity distinguishing a vinylsilyl from another alkenyl or alkynyl groups.
S,N-Heteropentacene-based molecular donor–acceptor dyads: structure–property relationships and application in single-material organic solar cells
Authors: Kraus Teresa , Aubele Anna , Bäuerle Peter
Published: May 2023

Molecular donor–acceptor dyads D11–D18 using S,N-heteropentacenes SN5′ and fullerenic acceptors were synthesized and applied in solution-processed single-material organic solar cells reaching power conversion efficiencies of up to 2.8%.
Rational design of anti-Kasha photoemission from a biazulene core embedded in an antiaromatic/aromatic hybrid
Authors: Diaz-Andres Aitor , Marín-Beloqui Jose , Wang Junting , Liu Junzhi , Casado Juan , Casanova David
Published: May 2023

Design of anti-Kasha emitters based on theJ-coupling of azulenes and molecular rigidity imposed by antiaromatic/aromatic embedding.
Resurgence and advancement of photochemical hydrogen atom transfer processes in selective alkane functionalizations
Authors: Chang Liang , Wang Shun , An Qing , Liu Linxuan , Wang Hexiang , Li Yubo , Feng Kaixuan , Zuo Zhiwei
Published: May 2023

By drawing inspiration from photoredox catalysis, the field of radical-mediated alkane functionalization has made remarkable advancements recently to address the challenges of today and future.
pH jump kinetics in colliding microdroplets: accelerated synthesis of azamonardine from dopamine and resorcinol
Authors: Brown Emily K. , Rovelli Grazia , Wilson Kevin R.
Published: May 2023

Two droplets, individually levitated in an electrodynamic balance, are allowed to collide to produce a pH jump in the merged droplet, which starts a bimolecular reaction.
Asymmetric imino-acylation of alkenes enabled by HAT-photo/nickel cocatalysis
Authors: Wang Rui , Wang Chuan
Published: May 2023

By merging nickel-mediated aza-Heck cyclization and HAT-photo-promoted acyl C–H activation, an unprecedented highly enantioselective imino-acylation of oxime ester-tethered alkenes with aldehydes as the acyl source has been developed.
Energy landscapes on polymerized liquid crystal interfaces
Authors: Hendley Rachel S. , Jumai’an Eugenie , Fuster Hector A. , Abbott Nicholas L. , Bevan Michael A.
Published: May 2023

Inverse analysis of concentrated diffusing colloidal probes on polymerized liquid crystal interfacial defects reveal van der Waals energy landscapes correlated with the spatially varying nematic director profile and liquid crystal birefringence.
Multi‐band glass‐integrated bandpass filters for new radio (NR) communications
Authors: Webb Jeremy , Psychogiou Dimitra
Published: May 2023

A class of multi‐band bandpass filters (BPFs) based on glass‐integrated multi‐resonant cells (MRCs) are reported. Each MRC comprises multiple in‐parallel connected series‐type resonators that create passbands in‐between transmission zeros (TZs)—located at the resonators’ resonance. The MRCs can be combined in multi‐stage configurations to create high‐order multi‐band transfer functions or used in the RF input and output ports of a conventional transversal multi‐band BPF to enhance its selectivity by adding poles and TZs without increasing its size. A compact integration concept using high‐Q 3D integrated‐passive devices (IPDs) is used for the realization of sub‐6‐GHz multi‐band BPFs. For practical validation purposes: (1) a tri‐band BPF with passbands centred at 1.58, 2.07, 2.83 Hz and fractional bandwidths (FBWs): 10.9, 9.06, 10% respectively and in‐band insertion loss (IL) between 2 and 2.8 dB and (2) a dual‐band BPF with passbands centred at 2 and 2.9 GHz with FBW 14.9% and 16.14% we manufactured and tested.
Direct average torque control of switched reluctance generator
Authors: Hancco Catata Elmer O. , de Paula Marcelo V. , dos Santos Neto Pedro J. , Ruppert Filho Ernesto , Luque Carcasi Diodomiro B. , dos Santos Barros Tarcio A.
Published: May 2023

There are few pieces of research on switched reluctance generator (SRG) that accomplish optimal performance torque control, most prefer to use voltage, speed, or power control strategies. This paper proposes a direct average torque control (DATC) for SRG applied to wind energy conversion systems (WECS). The SRG is driven by an asymmetric half‐bridge converter (AHB), and an external chopper regulates the DC‐bus voltage. In the DATC strategy, the switching logic is modified, so that the machine operates in the generator mode. The dynamic behavior of an artificial neural network (ANN)‐based and the conventional co‐energy‐based torque estimation methods are discussed. Thereafter, the proposed DATC is compared to the direct power control (DPC) strategy. For both strategies, lookup tables are created to store the optimal switching angles. These lookup tables are optimized to achieve a trade‐off between torque ripple minimization and efficiency maximization. Experimental results show that the DATC strategy presents a lower torque ripple than the DPC method over the entire speed range. In contrast, DPC delivers superior efficiency for low and medium speeds.
Optimal planning of distribution network with transactive energy: Review and framework
Authors: Xiang Yue , Yao Haotian , Yang Jianping , Dai Jiakun , Liu Junyong
Published: May 2023

With the emergence of distributed energy resources (DER) and prosumers in the distribution networks, the traditional centralised operation structure has transformed into the decentralised operation and transaction structure, which is regarded as the transactive energy market. Furthermore, the planning problem in the distribution network is deeply affected by the transactive energy market. First, the literature and studies on distribution network planning with DERs are reviewed. Moreover, the multi‐stakeholder operation and planning framework under the transactive energy market are analysed. The transactive energy market provides a peer‐to‐peer (P2P) transaction for third‐party prosumers. Several techniques for multi‐stakeholders planning and P2P transaction are introduced. Finally, a tri‐layer distribution network expansion planning (DNEP) framework integrated with virtual P2P transactions is proposed and analysed to accommodate uncertainties and postpone investment. The key technology and difficulties are also discussed.
A novel hyperbolic tangent sliding mode observation of vehicle lateral force fed back by longitudinal force error
Authors: Wang Yunchao , Huang Siyi , Zhou Shurong , Liu Yun
Published: May 2023

The tyre lateral force control is crucial to vehicle lateral stability. Vehicle side slip and out of control can be prevented effectively by observing accurately the lateral force. Thus, a novel quasi‐sliding mode observer (QSMO) is proposed. The algorithm adopts the longitudinal tyre force error as feedback considering vehicle parameter uncertainties and without a complex tyre model. First, the on‐line verification of the algorithm was carried out by dSPACE for using the experimental data of the real vehicle linear acceleration and deceleration conditions, and comparison of experimental output with different observation algorithms. Further, the simulation under emergency obstacle avoidance conditions and the double‐line shifting conditions were conducted to verify the accuracy of the algorithm respectively. Simulation results show that the percentage errors between the tyre lateral forces from the proposed QSMO and the actual data are less than 5.35%, and the prediction accuracy of the QSMO by 38.78% is higher than that of the conventional first‐order SMO (FSMO), which indicates that the QSMO is superior to the FSMO.