bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cupules and the creation of the Tewa Pueblo world
Authors: Duwe Samuel
Published: October 2016

[Resesarch Article]Stone cupules remain an enigma to archaeologists due to both their ubiquity in the archaeological record and apparent ‘non-utilitarian’ function. While researchers have primarily focused on the functional aspects of cupules, including their symbolic meaning, the global ethnographic record suggests that the act of creating a cupule can be as important as the resulting cupule itself. Cupules are artefacts of practice and reflect the actions, representation, and negotiations of people who were pounding on boulders and bedrock. I argue that cupule studies should move beyond ahistorical interpretation and acknowledge that the action and intentionality of creating cupules – and the resulting material remains of these practices – are subject to historical change. To illustrate this change I examine the history of the Tewa Pueblos of northern New Mexico who historically pounded cupules on landscape features to communicate with the spiritual world through prayers and offerings. I document both the morphology and landscape context of cupules associated with ancestral Tewa sites to demonstrate that while elements of cupule morphology remain constant, the context (and possibly the meaning) of cupule practice changes through time. This suggests that long-lived practices of prayer (creating cupules) were reinterpreted in the crucible of dramatic social and residential transformation.
Querns and mills during Roman times at the northern frontier of the Roman Empire (Belgium, Northern France, Southern Netherlands, Western Germany): Unraveling geological and geographical provenances, a multidisciplinary research project
Authors: Reniere Sibrecht , De Clercq Wim , Dreesen Roland , Goemaere Eric , Fronteau Gilles , Gluhak Tatjana , Hartoch Else , Picavet Paul
Published: October 2016

This paper presents the results of a multi-disciplinary provenance study of querns and millstones during the Roman period (1st-4th century CE) in the northern part of the Roman Empire (provinces of Gallia Belgica and Germania Inferior). Comparative petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical analysis allowed an international team of archaeologists and geologists to identify the different raw materials used for the manufacturing of querns and millstones. As a result, (litho-) stratigraphic assignments as well as geological-geographical provenances are suggested or corroborated for the broad spectrum of these natural geo-materials. We give evidence for the exploitation of at least seven different rock types. They include sedimentary rocks (fine- to coarse-grained quartzitic and arkosic sandstones, conglomerates, limestones) and volcanic rocks (vesicular lavas) derived from different geological strata in the following geological-geographical settings: the volcanic Eifel area (Pleistocene lava), the Ardennes Massif (Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks) and the Paris and Northern Sea Basin (Cenozoic sedimentary rocks). Furthermore we show that a large diversity existed within different productions (different types of hand-mills and mechanical powered mills) and distribution patterns. This paper provides new data which will lead to new insights into the socio-economics of the local “Gallo-Roman” communities and into their networks within the northern Roman Empire.
Formación y perspectivas del profesorado frente a la inclusión de alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales en el Quindío
Authors: Gallego Echeverri Mónica Patricia , González Gil Francisca
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: examinar la opinión de los docentes sobre el proceso de inclusión de alumnos con Necesidades Educativas Especiales en el Quindío; así como sus necesidades de formación para atender esta población. Metodología: metodología mixta, se utilizó una entrevista abierta que indaga sobre diferentes aspectos de la inclusión; además, el Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Formación Docente para la Inclusión (CEFI). Hallazgos: el análisis del discurso indica que los docentes tienen una sensibilidad positiva alta hacia el tema de la inclusión, siendo conscientes de sus carencias formativas; obteniendo a la vez puntuaciones bajas en los indicadores del cuestionario Políticas educativas y Recursos y apoyos. Conclusión: se hace visible la necesidad de formar a los docentes para lograr un verdadero proceso de inclusión. Palabras claves: inclusión, formación docente, necesidades educativas especiales, metodología mixta.
Creencias de profesores sobre enseñanza-aprendizaje: diseño programa inclusivo comprensión lectora en inglés
Authors: Acosta Rubiano Deyssi
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: presentar resultados preliminares acerca de las creencias pedagógicas de los profesores y el impacto de las mismas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la comprensión lectora en los estudiantes de licenciatura en inglés de la Universidad del Tolima. Metodología: se indagó las investigaciones de los últimos 20 años sobre las creencias de los profesores; se clasificó la información y, posteriormente, se realizó el análisis y construyeron conclusiones a manera de sugerencias que pueden contribuir en el avance o mejoramiento de los procesos, tanto de enseñanza como de aprendizaje, de la comprensión lectora en el aula de clase. Conclusiones: a nivel nacional, falta un estudio que, primero, sistematice las creencias de los profesores de inglés alrededor de su práctica, y segundo, diseñe un programa de desarrollo docente inclusivo que brinde oportunidades de igualdad y de mejoramiento en la enseñanza aprendizaje de la comprensión lectora en inglés.
La evaluación del aprendizaje: su evolución y elementos en el marco de la formación integral
Authors: Escobar Hoyos Gladys
Published: October 2016

En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión teórica de los elementos constitutivos de la evaluación del aprendizaje desde la evolución de su significado y las acepciones que consideran que los conceptos de la evaluación no pueden estar al margen de la formación integral de los educandos. Es de suma importancia en el campo académico, que la fundamentación teórica de la evaluación del aprendizaje sea tenida en cuenta por todos los actores educativos, con el fin de dirigir las practicas evaluativas hacia una integralidad, considerando la evaluación como un acto necesario en la educación y de gran repercusión social para el educando, estableciéndose así como un proceso sustancial que da lugar al desarrollo de todas las dimensiones del individuo.
Hacia una pedagogía del encuentro: apuestas por la relación cuerpo-alteridad en educación
Authors: Jaramillo Ocampo Diego Armando , Murcia Peña Napoleón
Published: October 2016

El artículo de revisión de tema transita por algunos planteamientos pedagógicos y educativos intentando visibilizar el papel del otro en los discursos y prácticas, donde la educación se convierte en lugar de encuentros de manos, miradas, voces, es decir, encuentros de rostros, encuentros de cuerpos que al ser irrumpidos por la presencia o la ausencia del otro, alteran y afectan al ser mismo. Esta afectación y alteración tienen su punto de partida y de llegada en el cuerpo del sujeto, en el cuerpo del otro, que no es otra cosa que la misma humanidad del hombre, la cual puede ser considerada para proyectar y construir colectivamente una pedagogía del encuentro, de la experiencia compartida e imaginada.
Las costumbres del pueblo Totora “comunidad Tontotuna”
Authors: Molano Tobar Nancy Janneth , Montua Muñoz Fabián Andrés
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: identificar las concepciones culturales y las modificaciones en los estilos de vida que se han presentado en la población Tontotuna. Metodología: cualitativa (etnografía de los hábitos alimenticios), a través de entrevista guiada con 12 indígenas de la población Totuna, en una edad promedio de 52 años, donde los interlocutores claves fueron 4 taitas y 8 hombres representantes de la comunidad; el trabajo de campo se realizó durante los meses septiembre a diciembre de 2013, en las diferentes viviendas de los participantes. Resultados y conclusiones: los procesos culturales de la comunidad indígena de Totoró, son modificados por las diferentes influencias del medio y la globalización, lo que se evidencia en su vestimenta, vivienda y alimentación como pérdida de sus valores ancestrales y creencias heredadas de respeto a la madre tierra, y como resultado de ello, se puede contrastar con los cambios climáticos y el aumento de enfermedades más comunes para los colonos que para los indígenas.
Representaciones sociales de profesores y estudiantes acerca de plagio: estudio comparativo
Authors: Cueva Lobelle Alberto , Ochoa Sierra Ligia
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: indagar acerca de las percepciones de profesores y estudiantes sobre el tema del plagio, con el presupuesto de que la claridad respecto a este fenómeno, es un paso ineludible para avanzar hacia su solución. Metodología: se utilizaron dos tipos de instrumentos: un cuestionario cerrado y un cuestionario semiestructurado de preguntas abiertas. Hallazgos: se muestra la comparación de las perspectivas de ambas poblaciones con base en el cuestionario abierto. Conclusiones: los resultados evidencian que hay discrepancias importantes en las percepciones de docentes y estudiantes en tópicos como la gravedad del plagio y los factores asociados a él.
Violencia de género, algunas aproximaciones teórico-referenciales
Authors: Echeverri Caballero Luisa Fernanda , Bernal Villada Claudia Marcela
Published: October 2016

En este artículo se abordan una serie de referencias teórico-investigativas sobre el tema de la violencia de género, con el propósito de lograr una aproximación a la problemática reconociendo su estado, causas y la población que afecta. Así, el texto hace un recorrido por diferentes definiciones de los términos centrales del tema, género y violencia; presenta una descripción histórica de la evolución del fenómeno estudiado; y luego explica la violencia como una práctica instaurada desde la cultura. Finalmente, se indican posibles estrategias de prevención desde la responsabilidad del Estado y la necesidad de enfocar a la educación como herramienta para crear conciencia al respecto.
Formación de profesores: encuentros entre Colombia, Brasil y Chile
Authors: Ayala Zuluaga Carlos Federico , Tadeu Iaochite Roberto , De Souza Neto Samuel
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: conocer las políticas públicas de formación docente en Colombia, Brasil y Chile. Metodología: enfoque cualitativo; método descriptivo/histórico/hermenéutico; estudio de caso múltiple; técnica análisis de contenido utilizando como instrumento la Fuente Documental. Resultados: se aclaran los diferentes procedimientos vinculados a las políticas públicas en el ámbito normativo y en el campo institucional (Universidades), los cuales inciden en la formación de los alumnos y también en las diferentes manifestaciones culturales de las comunidades educativas. Además, se comprende que la Política Docente de los entes gubernamentales responde a exigencias para la producción, siendo contrario en las Universidades que procuran cultivar una formación para la adaptabilidad, reflexión, crítica y construcción del conocimiento. Conclusiones: la formación de profesores en Educación Física en Colombia, Brasil y Chile tiene fuerte influencia de los contextos políticos y económicos, atendiendo a normalizaciones y desdoblamientos para dar respuesta a las exigencias y cambios del neoliberalismo y de la globalización. La formación se centra en el racionalismo técnico-mecanicista y diversificado, ya que se encargan de formar en el área tanto para aspectos educativos como para el campo extraescolar.
Factores sociales asociados con el tránsito de primaria a secundaria en las estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Santa Teresita de La Tebaida
Authors: Henao Sandra Yanet , Martínez Adriana del Pilar , Sepúlveda Giraldo Sara Patricia
Published: October 2016

Objetivos: identificar los factores sociales que inciden en el tránsito de la primaria a la secundaria y cómo estos afectan el comportamiento social de las estudiantes. Metodología: investigación cualitativa diseñada desde la teoría de la complementariedad (Murcia & Jaramillo, 2008), la cual permite interpretar y profundizar las realidades sociales. Se utilizaron como técnicas e instrumentos de recolección de información la narrativa y entrevistas en profundidad. Hallazgos: el tránsito entre primaria y secundaria muestra múltiples aspectos o circunstancias humanas, físicas, psicológicas, familiares, emocionales, pedagógicas, locativas, políticas y económicas que impactan la convivencia escolar y la configuración de la personalidad en los actores sociales de la escuela. Conclusiones: la relación docente-alumno es un laso que en la primaria es muy fuerte y en la secundaria se pierde, además de la relación de alteridad que provoca desestabilización emocional, nuevas conductas sociales, lo que exige mayor responsabilidad y un alto grado de autonomía.
El cuerpo como posibilidad: construcción de espacios de sensibilización. Prevención de embarazos en los jóvenes de la Institución Educativa Renán Barco (La Dorada, Caldas)
Authors: Guerrero Zapata Yheison Andrés , Castro Acevedo Juana Inés
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: facilitar espacios de sensibilización y diálogo con los jóvenes de la Institución Educativa Renán Barco a partir de sus experiencias cotidianas, que les permita el conocimiento y reconocimiento de su cuerpo como lugar de posibilidad en búsqueda de prevenir el embarazo a temprana edad. Metodología: investigación cualitativa con enfoque de Acción Participativa, en la cual se siguieron las fases de observación, pensar, actuar y retroalimentar, utilizando encuestas estructuradas y la construcción de talleres lúdicos como estrategia para dar solución a la problemática. Hallazgos: la educación para la sexualidad institucionalizada carece de calidad, aspecto que se evidencia en la falta de continuidad y pertinencia de los proyectos de educación sexual. Conclusiones: se evidencia la forma como los jóvenes ven el cuerpo y cuidan de él, analizando aspectos como autoestima, proyecto de vida y toma de decisiones; al igual que los obstáculos emocionales y socioeconómicos derivados de un embarazo a temprana edad.
Escuelas de formación ciudadana a través de la práctica deportiva
Authors: López Trujillo Ángel Andrés , Carmona González Diana Esperanza , Vargas López Hernán Humberto
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: proponer preparación académica para la comunidad desde los diferentes componentes humanos que requieren del orientador, entrenador – facilitador preparado y capacitado en componentes pedagógicos, teóricos y prácticos. Metodología: el estudio sigue un método de diseño cualitativo y corte etnográfico que surge del interés interinstitucional público y privado de la ciudad. A través del análisis teórico y práctico, se documenta el papel de los entrenadores deportivos; y el éxito alcanzado en el proyecto Escuelas deportivas por la paz, centrado en procesos formativos y que tienen lugar en la comunidad vulnerable, posibilitando calidad de vida, favoreciendo la práctica social sana y rica en valores, con los cuales se promueve la formación ciudadana; un hecho que se ha venido reflejando entre los niños, niñas y jóvenes como actores fundamentales del programa. Hallazgos: a través de los relatos o manifestaciones de entrenadores y promotores, se evidencia un reconocimiento del programa, su impacto social en beneficio de la persona como ciudadano, la sociedad y la resignificación de proyectos de vida; todo esto presentado en relación con tres categorías: el contexto; el niño, la niña; y el formador deportivo. Conclusiones: ante la falta de apoyo gubernamental en los espacios deportivos, reflejada en la pobre y descuidada infraestructura, el proyecto de Escuelas deportivas por la paz ha mitigado de cierta manera la vulnerabilidad correspondiente al entorno negativo presentado en los sectores donde se lleva a cabo. Además, la comunidad se muestra altamente interesada por las prácticas realizadas pues se convierten en espacios de sana interacción y aprovechamiento del tiempo libre.
Educación y filosofía: pretextos para una reflexión meteórica y una apuesta evaluativa
Authors: Giraldo Bedoya Héctor Fernando
Published: October 2016

El presente artículo es una apuesta y un llamado a la claridad conceptual. Por esta razón, a partir de algunas posiciones teóricas se define la pedagogía como una filosofía de la educación: la pedagogía es una teoría de segundo orden o una metateoría que reflexiona sobre el deber ser de la educación y no sobre lo que la educación, de hecho, es. Para lograr el propósito, se asume que la educación es un hecho social o una actividad; se plantea una definición de filosofía que posibilita tener claridad sobre la actividad del filósofo; y se sugiere que el currículo es una condición necesaria para los propósitos formativos. Finalmente, se socializa una intuición sobre evaluación.
La diversidad funcional y las adaptaciones curriculares
Authors: Posada Silva Wadis Yovany , Marín Giraldo Yelicza , Gómez Chica Sandra Marcela
Published: October 2016

El presente artículo de revisión de tema hace referencia al currículo en la atención a la diversidad desde diferentes momentos históricos, iniciando con el enfoque tradicional (caracterizado por la exclusión), luego, el enfoque o modelo médico–rehabilitador (caracterizado por el asistencialismo y la segregación), hasta llegar a la escuela actual (enmarcada principalmente en los modelos social y para la diversidad). Lo anterior ha permitido la realización de adaptaciones pensadas en las potencialidades del estudiante como ser humano en su diversidad biológica, funcional, sexual y cultural. A través de la reflexión histórica y conceptual, se destaca actualmente cómo en la atención a la diversidad funcional se hace un mayor énfasis en los derechos y la dignidad humana.
Actitudes lingüísticas de los profesores de lenguas de la Universidad de Caldas respecto al voseo
Authors: Agudelo Montoya Claudia Liliana , Pasuy Guerrero Gladys Yolanda , Escobar Giraldo Octavio , Ramírez Osorio José Fernando
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: especificar algunas de las implicaciones sociolingüísticas que las actitudes lingüísticas de los profesores de lenguas de la Universidad de Caldas han generado frente el uso y la enseñanza de la forma de tratamiento voseante. Metodología: se usaron técnicas propias de la sociolingüística como la observación, la entrevista y la encuesta, orientadas al establecimiento de las variantes lingüísticas y de las variables sociales y estilísticas. Hallazgos: se encontró una marcada tendencia de los informantes hacia la estigmatización y la estandarización de la variedad de habla voseante. Conclusiones: los docentes menores de 40 años, de estrato medio y con estudios a nivel de postgrado, son quienes marcan la tendencia de reducción en la frecuencia de uso del paradigma voseante y de desaprobación de su enseñanza en el español como lengua materna, segunda lengua y lengua extranjera.
Caracterización del autoconcepto en niños y niñas en situación de desplazamiento en Mocoa, Colombia
Authors: Hincapié Guarín Lina Marcela , Montoya Londoño Diana Marcela , Dussan Lubert Carmen
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: describir las características del autoconcepto de niñas y niños de 12 años en situación de desplazamiento de una Institución Educativa de la ciudad de Mocoa, Putumayo. Metodología: la investigación incluyó una muestra intencional de 43 casos; se empleó para la selección de los casos, la prueba Minikid; y para la recolección de información, el test AFA 5. El estudio fue de carácter descriptivo transversal. Hallazgos: los niños y niñas evaluados presentaron, con excepción de la puntuación obtenida en relación con la dimensión emocional, un nivel de autoconcepto general con puntuaciones más altas a las reportadas por los baremos de la prueba. Conclusiones: a pesar de la situación de desplazamiento a la que estos niños han sido sometidos, han logrado sobreponerse a las consecuencias del trauma, probablemente desde su capacidad de resiliencia para superar los períodos de dolor emocional.
Una inclusión excluyente: reconfigurando la inclusión en la escuela
Authors: Betancur Agudelo Julián Eduardo
Published: October 2016

En el siguiente artículo de reflexión se realiza una discusión epistemológica con respecto a los conceptos de inclusión y exclusión para, a partir de estos, ver de qué manera se configuran en los escenarios educativos; estas reflexiones se fundamentan en dos tesis, la primera hace referencia a que las instituciones educativas son excluyentes en sus concepciones y prácticas por la poca contextualización y el afán de cumplir con indicadores de calidad; y la segunda, en cómo la escuela se puede convertir en un escenario en el cual la inclusión sea una posibilidad de reconocimiento de lo diverso desde los acuerdos sociales.
Parent - adolescent conflict style and conflict outcome: Age and gender differences
Authors: Cotar-Konrad Sonja
Published: October 2016

The present paper focuses on age and gender differences in parent -
adolescent conflict styles (compromise and aggressive) and conflict outcomes
(frustration, escalation and intimacy). Data were gathered by the Slovenian
version of the ?When we disagree? scale, which was completed by 514
adolescents (54% female; 14 - 19 years old, split into two age groups).
Results revealed significant differences between the adolescents? perceptions
of their own conflict style, and their mother/father conflict styles. Mothers
were more often perceived to have either more aggressive or more compromising
conflict styles in comparison to adolescents? own stiles or fathers? styles.
Analyzing adolescents? age differences, middle aged adolescents reported
higher level of mother?s aggressiveness, higher levels of frustration and
escalation in conflicts with mothers, as well as higher frustration in
conflicts with fathers in comparison to their younger peers. Gender
differences in style and outcome of conflicts revealed a more complex
pattern: girls exhibited more compromising conflict style with mother and
more aggressive conflict style with fathers than boys; there were no gender
differences in parent - adolescent conflict outcomes. The established
differences could inform policies, and help tailoring conflict resolution
programs for this specific age group.
Adaptation of Harvard Trauma questionnaire for working with refugees and asylum seekers in Serbia
Authors: Vukcevic Masa , Momirovic Jelena , Puric Danka
Published: October 2016

The number of refugees and asylum seekers in Serbia is significantly
increasing. Many have experienced traumatic events and suffer from
posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. In order to provide them with
adequate assistance, caregivers need adjusted assessment tools. The main goal
of this research was the adaptation of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire for
working with refugees and asylum seekers in Serbia. A total of 16 focus
groups were interviewed in two phases in order to create an adequate list of
traumatic events for this population. The adapted list was subsequently
administered to 226 persons seeking asylum in Serbia, along with the
remaining parts of HTQ, HSCL-25 and BDI-II. Results show that the adapted
list of traumatic events, as well as a shorter version, has good validity and
other metric properties. The adaptation of the first assessment tool for
working with refugees and asylum seekers in Serbia has significant practical
implications.
Sneezing - a symptom of respiratory or psychogenic superposition of illness in a teenager?
Authors: Stojkovic Andjelka , Obradovic Slobodan , Jeremic Dejan , Simovic Aleksandra , Vulovic Maja
Published: October 2016

Introduction. The coincidental combination of allergic respiratory diseases and psychogenic or psychiatric illness is possible but rarely associated in a female teenager. Case report. A girl aged 12.5 years was admitted to the Pediatrics Clinic in the Clinical Centre Kragujevac with the main difficulty of sneezing as 10 sneezes in each of the 500?600 series a day, only in the waking state. Working diagnoses were tic disorders associated with Allergic rhinitis, asthma and bio-chemically determined rickets. The patient was treated with chlorpromazine, desloratadine, montelukast, fluticasone propionate, vitamin D, azelastine hydrochloride along with the elimination diet. After a year and a half period of time, the patient rarely sneezed, but periods without sneezing were not longer than 3 months, and she ?cleared her throat? occasionally. Although her clinical condition is less severe now and without additional motor tics or symptoms of Tourette's disorder, because of its length we suspect the tic turned into a chronic vocal tic disorder. Conclusion. We reported a case of rare association between allergic rhinitis and condition of tic-related conversion in a female teenager and emphasized the necessity of revising the systematisation for the tic disorders and protocol for the allergic rhinitis in terms of their association.
Biometric features of the eyes of preterm born babies
Authors: Grgic Zorka , Oros Ana , Karadzic Jelena , Canadanovic Vladimir , Jovanovic Sandra , Bolinovska Sofija
Published: October 2016

Background/Aim. Preterm birth and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) could affect optical and biometric features of eyes and cause refractive errors. The aim of this study was to compare the ocular axial length, anterior chamber depth and lens thickness changes during the first year in preterm born babies with and without ROP. Methods. This prospective longitudinal study included 87 preterm born babies. The examinations were performed at 3 and 12 months after birth and included fundus examination and measurements of the ocular axial length, anterior chamber depth and lens thickness. Based on the results of fundus examination at 3 months, the subjects were divided into two groups and the measurements of those with and without ROP were compared. Results. At 3 months 60.92% of infants had ROP. The mean values in the ROP group were: axial length 16.56 mm and 16.53 mm, chamber depth 2.34 mm and 2.38 mm and lens thickness 4.04 mm and 3.96 mm, in the right and the left eye, respectively. In the no ROP group these values were: axial length 17.06 mm and 17.08 mm, chamber depth 2.31mm and 2.39 mm and lens thickness 4.16 mm and 4.14 mm in the right and the left eye, respectively. At 12 months 28.74% of the children had a change in the ocular fundus as a result of the ROP therapy. In the ROP group the axial length was 19.94 mm in both eyes, chamber depth 3.01 mm and 2.99 mm and lens thickness 4.28 mm and 4.29 mm, in the right and the left eye, respectively. In the no ROP group the axial length was 20.64 mm and 20.29 mm, lens thickness 4.37 mm and 4.36 mm, in the right and the left eye, respectively and chamber depth 3.10 mm in both eyes. Conclusion. In the group of children with ROP axial length of the eye at 3 and 12 months was statistically significantly smaller in comparison to the group without ROP. Statistically significant difference was not found between these groups in the anterior chamber depth and lens thickness.
Hospitals on the territory of Vardar Macedonia as part of Serbia during the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/Yugoslavia (1918–1941)
Authors: Josimovska Verica
Published: October 2016

nema
Indiana Emergent Bilingual Student Time to Reclassification
Authors: Burke April M. , Morita-Mullaney Trish , Singh Malkeet
Published: October 2016

In this study, we employed a discrete-time survival analysis model to examine Indiana emergent bilingual time to reclassification as fluent English proficient. The data consisted of five years of statewide English language proficiency scores. Indiana has a large and rapidly growing Spanish-speaking emergent bilingual population, and these students are prevalent in the low socioeconomic status group. Our findings suggest that Spanish home language status, low socioeconomic status, and special education status are negatively associated with the odds to reclassification. Based on our findings, we recommend a careful investigation to inform best practices that will meet the needs of Spanish-speaking emergent bilinguals and reduce inequities in education.
“The Behavior Kids”
Authors: Learned Julie E.
Published: October 2016

Youth readers navigate complex school contexts involving not only different classes, teachers, and texts but also various institutional processes, such as tracking and reading assessment. Yet little research has examined how or why adolescents’ literacy skills vary as youths interact with these myriad contexts across space and time. During this year-long study, I shadowed eight ninth graders identified as struggling readers across content classes. Data sources included 425 hours of observations, 64 interviews, assessments, and school records and artifacts. Analysis showed that participants’ interactions with interrelated institutional contexts for reading intervention and school discipline tended to position students as deficient readers and deviant youths regardless, sometimes, of engaged, skillful reading. Findings have implications for the reconstruction of secondary literacy contexts.
Automotive Emission Control Catalysts
Authors: Choi Jae‐Soon , Kočí Petr
Published: October 2016

Emission control catalysts constitute an essential part of today’s vehicles powered by internal combustion engines, mitigating the harmful effects of pollutants in the exhaust such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter [1].[...]
Synthesis of Thioethers by InI3-Catalyzed Substitution of Siloxy Group Using Thiosilanes
Authors: Nishimoto Yoshihiro , Okita Aya , Baba Akio , Yasuda Makoto
Published: October 2016

The substitution of a siloxy group using thiosilanes smoothly occurred in the presence of InI3 catalyst to yield the corresponding thioethers. InI3 was a specifically effective catalyst in this reaction system, while other typical Lewis acids such as BF3⋅OEt2, AlCl3, and TiCl4 were ineffective. Various silyl ethers such as primary alkyl, secondary alkyl, tertiary alkyl, allylic, benzylic, and propargylic types were applicable. In addition, bulky OSitBuMe2 and OSiiPr3 groups, other than the OSiMe3 group, were successfully substituted. The substitution reaction of enantiopure secondary benzylic silyl ether yielded the corresponding racemic thioether product, which suggested that the reaction of tertiary alkyl, secondary alkyl, benzylic, and propargylic silyl ethers would proceed via a SN1 mechanism.
Analysis of Crack Image Recognition Characteristics in Concrete Structures Depending on the Illumination and Image Acquisition Distance through Outdoor Experiments
Authors: Cho Hyun-Woo , Yoon Hyuk-Jin , Yoon Jae-Chan
Published: October 2016

The effects of illumination and shooting distance on crack image recognition were investigated by examining cracks in images taken with a camera. In order to examine the effects, images of cracks in a concrete structure taken while varying the illumination and shooting distance in an outdoor environment were analyzed. The images were acquired at a daytime illumination of 52,000 lx and a night illumination of 13 lx. The crack specimen images produced for the experiment were taken by increasing the shooting distance from 5 m to 100 m in each illumination. On the basis of the analysis on the modulation transfer function (MTF) and contrast sensitivity of the crack images, the effects of illumination and shooting distance on the sharpness of the crack images were investigated. The minimum crack widths that can be identified under each illumination were analyzed using MTF10 and Weber contrast 0.1, respectively. It was found that as the shooting distance increases, the effects of illumination on crack recognition become greater.
Ultraviolet Imaging with Low Cost Smartphone Sensors: Development and Application of a Raspberry Pi-Based UV Camera
Authors: Wilkes Thomas , McGonigle Andrew , Pering Tom , Taggart Angus , White Benjamin , Bryant Robert , Willmott Jon
Published: October 2016

Here, we report, for what we believe to be the first time, on the modification of a low cost sensor, designed for the smartphone camera market, to develop an ultraviolet (UV) camera system. This was achieved via adaptation of Raspberry Pi cameras, which are based on back-illuminated complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensors, and we demonstrated the utility of these devices for applications at wavelengths as low as 310 nm, by remotely sensing power station smokestack emissions in this spectral region. Given the very low cost of these units, ≈ USD 25, they are suitable for widespread proliferation in a variety of UV imaging applications, e.g., in atmospheric science, volcanology, forensics and surface smoothness measurements.
Land Use Change Impact on Flooding Areas: The Case Study of Cervaro Basin (Italy)
Authors: Apollonio Ciro , Balacco Gabriella , Novelli Antonio , Tarantino Eufemia , Piccinni Alberto
Published: October 2016

The main goal of this paper is to study the effect of the spatio-temporal changes of Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) within the hydrologic regime of the Cervaro basin in Southern Italy. LANDSAT Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery acquisition dates from 1984, 2003, 2009, and 2011 were selected to produce LULC maps covering a time trend of 28 years. Nine synthetic bands were processed as input data identiﬁed as the most effective for the Artiﬁcial Neural Network (ANN) classiﬁcation procedure implemented in this case study. To assess the possible hydrological effects of the detected changes during rainfall events, a physically-based lumped approach for inﬁltration contribution was adopted within each sub-basin. The results showed an increase in ﬂood peak and a decrease of the rangelands, forests, and bare lands between 1984 and 2011, indicating a good correlation between ﬂooding areas and land use changes, even if it can be considered negligible in basins of large dimensions. These results showed that the impact of land use on the hydrological response is closely related to watershed scale.
MEASURING PROTOPLANETARY DISK GAS SURFACE DENSITY PROFILES WITH ALMA
Authors: Williams Jonathan P. , McPartland Conor
Published: October 2016

The gas and dust are spatially segregated in protoplanetary disks due to the vertical settling and radial drift of large grains. A fuller accounting of the mass content and distribution in disks therefore requires spectral line observations. We extend the modeling approach presented in Williams & Best to show that gas surface density profiles can be measured from high fidelity 13CO integrated intensity images. We demonstrate the methodology by fitting ALMA observations of the HD 163296 disk to determine a gas mass, M
gas = 0.048 M
⊙, and accretion disk characteristic size R

c
 = 213 au and gradient γ = 0.39. The same parameters match the C18O 2–1 image and indicate an abundance ratio [12CO]/[C18O] of 700 independent of radius. To test how well this methodology can be applied to future line surveys of smaller, lower mass T Tauri disks, we create a large 13CO 2–1 image library and fit simulated data. For disks with gas masses 3–10 M
Jup at 150 pc, ALMA observations with a resolution of 0.″2–0.″3 and integration times of ∼20 minutes allow reliable estimates of R

c
to within about 10 au and γ to within about 0.2. Economic gas imaging surveys are therefore feasible and offer the opportunity to open up a new dimension for studying disk structure and its evolution toward planet formation.
Czech Defence Policy Response to Dynamics in Security Environment Development
Authors: Procházka Josef , Dyčka Lukáš , Landovský Jakub
Published: October 2016

The paper assesses the conceptual framework for Czech defence policy formulation in the wake of a rapid change in its security environment after Russia's annexation of Crimea in March 2014 and the subsequent Russian support for separatists in Ukraine's eastern provinces and growing instability in the Middle East and North Africa. The article examines key measures taken in the political, military, administrative, economical and societal domains in order to evaluate the overall effectiveness of Czech defence policy. Finally, the authors offer several strategic level recommendations to enhance responsiveness and preparedness of the Czech defence system and Armed Forces as one of its most significant components both in short- and long-term perspective.
An Open-Label, Randomized Study of the Impact on Insulin Sensitivity, Lipid Profile and Vascular Inflammation by Treatment with Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Raltegravir in HIV-Negative Male Volunteers
Authors: Randell Paul , Jackson Akil , Milinkovic Ana , Boffito Marta , Moyle Graeme
Published: October 2016

Background

We aimed to measure the effect of raltegravir (RAL) on insulin sensitivity and surrogates of cardiovascular risk in healthy HIV-seronegative volunteers compared to that of lopinavir/r (LPV/r), a positive control.

Methods

An open-label, two phase crossover study in HIV-negative male subjects randomized 1:1 to receive either 2 weeks of LPV/r followed by a 2-week washout period and 2 weeks of RAL, or RAL initially followed by LPV/r. A hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp was performed prior to and following each 2-week dosing phase. Fasting samples for lipids, adiponectin, leptin, vascular inflammatory biomarkers and CD36 were also taken.

Results

A total of 16 subjects completed the study. At the baseline visit the mean insulin-stimulated glucose disposal per unit insulin (M/I) was 7.97 and 8.30 for LPV/r and RAL, respectively. The mean (sem) percentage change from baseline was -16.10% (3.84) after 2 weeks of LPV/r and -0.43% (4.83) after 2 weeks of RAL. Absolute M/I was 25% lower for LPV/r than for RAL ( P=0.001). Triglycerides and total cholesterol rose significantly with LPV/r (+0.5 mmol/l, P=0.002 and +0.4 mmol/l, P<0.0001), but were unchanged with RAL. Proathrogenic lipid subfractions of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol increased with LPV/r and were unaffected with RAL. LDL peak and mean particle diameter and LDL I significantly decreased with LPV/r ( P<0.05), and trend of increased LDL III was detected. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein declined with RAL (-0.2 mg/l, P=0.043) but was elevated after LPV/r (+0.25 mg/l, P=0.03).

Conclusions

RAL was not associated with measurable change in glycaemic, metabolic or inflammatory effects.
Morbidity and Mortality Following Relocation of Highly Dependent Long-Term Care Residents: A Retrospective Analytical Study
Authors: Mello Sarah , O'Connor Kieran A.
Published: October 2016

In recent years, 1,200 long-term care facility (LTCF) beds have been closed in Ireland, resulting in residents being transferred between facilities. The current study examined morbidity and mortality in residents relocated between LTCFs. The outcomes were studied for residents who transferred between LTCFs compared to residents who did not move (i.e., controls). A retrospective analysis was performed recording demographic data and markers of function and frailty. As a measure of morbidity, new antidepressant medication prescriptions and antibiotic drug use were examined. Mortality at 30 and 90 days was recorded. In total, 76 transferred residents and 62 control residents were studied. Both groups were highly dependent and had a high 90-day mortality rate (18.4% versus 17.7%). Higher prescription rates of antibiotic drugs occurred among relocated residents prior to transfer (59.2% versus 27.4%,
p
= 0.017). Residents who transferred had a greater number of new antidepressant medication prescriptions than control residents (19.7% versus 8.1%,
p
= 0.05). Proper planning and vigilance by staff are essential to minimize any distress caused to residents during times of relocation. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 42
(11), 34–38.]
Industrial Patterns on Cloud
Authors: Venkateswaran Sreekrishnan
Published: October 2016

Cloud Computing is rapidly gaining traction today as the preferred platform for deploying both development and production workloads. Every industry has started adopting hybrid hosting models to leverage benefits that accrue from a convergence of technologies; Cloud is being used as a flexible springboard to mount a defense against disruptive digital trends. The use cases and associated gains are industry specific, ranging from leveraging auto-scaling to assuage seasonal spikes in Retail, and creating software-defined network functions in Telecom, to aggregating and analyzing sensor data in Automotive, and deploying multi-site disaster recovery in Government. In this chapter, we will embark on an expedition spanning ten industries, searching for patterns where Cloud enables advantageous solutions to business-specific categories of use cases. The observations are based on actual case studies chosen from hundreds of real Cloud deals across industries.
A Survey and Taxonomy of Energy Efficient Resource Management Techniques in Platform as a Service Cloud
Authors: Piraghaj Sareh Fotuhi , Dastjerdi Amir Vahid , Calheiros Rodrigo N. , Buyya Rajkumar
Published: October 2016

The numerous advantages of cloud computing environments, including scalability, high availability, and cost effectiveness have encouraged service providers to adopt the available cloud models to offer solutions. This rise in cloud adoption, in return encourages platform providers to increase the underlying capacity of their data centers so that they can accommodate the increasing demand of new customers. Increasing the capacity and building large-scale data centers has caused a drastic growth in energy consumption of cloud environments. The energy consumption not only affects the Total Cost of Ownership but also increases the environmental footprint of data centers as CO2 emissions increases. Hence, energy and power efficiency of the data centers has become an important research area in distributed systems. In order to identify the challenges in this domain, this chapter surveys and classifies the energy efficient resource management techniques specifically focused on the PaaS cloud service models.
Cost of Using Cloud Computing
Authors: Egwutuoha Ifeanyi P. , Chen Shiping
Published: October 2016

With the recent advancement in computing technologies, business and research applications are not only executed in the traditional systems such as enterprise systems and supercomputers (HPC systems) but also in the cloud. The traditional HPC systems are expensive and sometimes require huge start-up investment, technical and administrative support and job queuing. With the benefits of cloud computing, cloud services such as Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Hardware as a Service (HaaS), enables business, scientists and researchers to run their business and HPC applications in the cloud without upfront investment associated with the traditional infrastructures. Therefore, in this paper we analyze the computational performance and dollar cost of running HPC applications in the cloud when IaaS or HaaS is leased. We find that HaaS significantly reduces the cost of running HPC application in the cloud by 20% compare to IaaS without significant impact to application's performance. We also found that there is a substantial improvement in computational performance in HaaS compare to IaaS.
Ranking World Universities
Authors: Sowter Ben , Hijazi Shadi , Reggio David
Published: October 2016

One of the recurrent criticisms levelled against rankings is that they are simplistic and reductionist. Yet, from the user perspective, this ‘simplicity' yields important advantages when rankings are contributing to decision-making. To encompass these two opposing views, QS has sought to maintain a critical and self-reflective stance, continuously concerned with methodological improvement to its portfolio of rankings and ratings, while striving to provide an accurate and practical representation of the complexity of higher education institutions worldwide. Over the last decade, such analysis, both critical and salutary, has resulted in key refinements in the QS Rankings methodology, including the introduction of new regional and subject-driven rankings. Our chapter sets out to explain how various aspects of institutional performance are conceptualised and measured in a practical and operational framework for rankings purposes, and how these measurements have evolved. Further issues, currently under investigation for the improvement of the QS Rankings and their indicators, are also addressed.
Academic Performance vs. Academic Reputation
Authors: Radojicic Aleksandra , Jovanovic-Milenkovic Marina , Jeremic Veljko
Published: October 2016

Global ranking systems have mesmerized both the academia and the general public because they have quickly become an essential part of decision-making processes for various stakeholders. Today, many methodologies exist and each is fighting hard to become widely recognized by different stakeholders. In order to fully meet the needs of general public and prospective students, field and subject based rankings are now occupying the prime focus of researchers and policy-makers. Our aim was to take a closer look at the QS World University Rankings by subject. To realize this aim, we conducted a case study where we identified two subject areas – Mathematics and Medicine. For each area, we collected the official QS scores for three criteria: Academic Reputation, Citations per Paper, and H-index Citations. We wanted to examine whether the academic staff, who participate in QS Global Academic Survey (upon which the Academic Reputation QS Score is calculated), rank the universities according to their actual academic performance i.e. the number and the quality of published scientific papers. To realize our aims, we analyzed two datasets which contained the data of the 50 leading universities according to the 2014 rankings. Besides the officially available data provided by the QS, we obtained the leading journals in which each university publishes its papers (concerning the number of published papers) and bibliometric indicators which were used to characterize the reviewed journals. The obtained results show little correlation between the number of universities' papers/bibliometric quality of journals and the QS scores.
The Impact of Scale and Scope on Global University Rankings
Authors: Zhang Liang-Cheng , Worthington Andrew C.
Published: October 2016

Economies of scale and scope are increasingly critical for universities operating in globally competitive higher education teaching, research and training markets. This is because the associated cost advantages could enable some institutions to increase their university rankings relatively easier. This chapter investigates the relationships between economies of scale (measured by the number of enrollments) and scope (measured by the number of teaching programs), research performance, and institutional reputation (measured by the ARWU and QS ranking scores). The results show that larger and more diverse institutions tend to have higher scores. However, when separated into public and private universities, the scale and scope effects are not so obvious between private universities and the ARWU ranking scores. Nevertheless, the chapter does identify a significant scope effect in the QS rankings for private institutions, implying that expanding research, teaching, and training programs may benefit these scores.
Rising up the Ranks
Authors: Hanafi Zulkarnain , Tong Chee Kiong
Published: October 2016

The paper will cover all aspects of the change journey: engaging with relevant stakeholders, the recruitment and retention of high quality faculty members, the review and revision of the curriculum, improving the quality and quantity of research output and publications, developing centers of research excellence, raising the level of funding for both research and teaching, expanding the number of graduate students, developing an eminent visiting professors' program, the internationalization of the university, strengthening governance and administration and raising the international profile of the university. It will set out, in detail, the strategies and processes that were developed to realize the vision, as well as the challenges and problems encountered, and steps taken to address these challenges and problems. Mistakes were made along the way and the lessons that can be learnt for any university that aims to be involved in the ranking exercises.