bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PairwiseHist: Fast, Accurate and Space-Efficient Approximate Query Processing with Data Compression
Authors: Hurst Aaron , Lucani Daniel E. , Zhang Qi
Published: May 2024

Exponential growth in data collection is creating significant challenges for data storage and analytics latency. Approximate Query Processing (AQP) has long been touted as a solution for accelerating analytics on large datasets, however, there is still room for improvement across all key performance criteria. In this paper, we propose a novel histogram-based data synopsis called PairwiseHist that uses recursive hypothesis testing to ensure accurate histograms and can be built on top of data compressed using Generalized Deduplication (GD). We thus show that GD data compression can contribute to AQP. Compared to state-of-the-art AQP approaches, Pairwise-Hist achieves better performance across all key metrics, including 2.6× higher accuracy, 3.5× lower latency, 24× smaller synopses and 1.5--4× faster construction time.
FreshGNN: Reducing Memory Access via Stable Historical Embeddings for Graph Neural Network Training
Authors: Huang Kezhao , Jiang Haitian , Wang Minjie , Xiao Guangxuan , Wipf David , Song Xiang , Gan Quan , Huang Zengfeng , Zhai Jidong , Zhang Zheng
Published: May 2024

A key performance bottleneck when training graph neural network (GNN) models on large, real-world graphs is loading node features onto a GPU. Due to limited GPU memory, expensive data movement is necessary to facilitate the storage of these features on alternative devices with slower access (e.g. CPU memory). Moreover, the irregularity of graph structures contributes to poor data locality which further exacerbates the problem. Consequently, existing frameworks capable of efficiently training large GNN models usually incur a significant accuracy degradation because of the currently-available shortcuts involved. To address these limitations, we instead propose FreshGNN, a general-purpose GNN mini-batch training framework that leverages a historical cache for storing and reusing GNN node embeddings instead of re-computing them through fetching raw features at every iteration. Critical to its success, the corresponding cache policy is designed, using a combination of gradient-based and staleness criteria, to selectively screen those embeddings which are relatively stable and can be cached, from those that need to be re-computed to reduce estimation errors and subsequent downstream accuracy loss. When paired with complementary system enhancements to support this selective historical cache, FreshGNN is able to accelerate the training speed on large graph datasets such as ogbn-papers100M and MAG240M by 3.4× up to 20.5× and reduce the memory access by 59%, with less than 1% influence on test accuracy.
High‐intensity exercise training using a rotarod instrument (RotaHIIT) significantly improves exercise capacity in mice
Authors: Herrera Jonathan J. , McAllister Christopher M. , Szczesniak Danielle , Goddard Rose‐Carmel , Day Sharlene M.
Published: May 2024

Voluntary or forced exercise training in mice is used to assess functional capacity as well as potential disease‐modifying effects of exercise over a range of cardiovascular disease phenotypes. Compared to voluntary wheel running, forced exercise training enables precise control of exercise workload and volume, and results in superior changes in cardiovascular performance. However, the use of a shock grid with treadmill‐based training is associated with stress and risk of injury, and declining compliance with longer periods of training time for many mouse strains. With these limitations in mind, we designed a novel, high‐intensity interval training modality (HIIT) for mice that is carried out on a rotarod. Abbreviated as RotaHIIT, this protocol establishes interval workload intensities that are not time or resource intensive, maintains excellent training compliance over time, and results in improved exercise capacity independent of sex when measured by treadmill graded exercise testing (GXT) and rotarod specific acceleration and endurance testing. This protocol may therefore be useful and easily implemented for a broad range of research investigations. As RotaHIIT training was not associated cardiac structural or functional changes, or changes in oxidative capacity in cardiac or skeletal muscle tissue, further studies will be needed to define the physiological adaptations and molecular transducers that are driving the training effect of this exercise modality.
L2 repair fluency through the lenses of L1 repair fluency, cognitive fluency, and language anxiety
Authors: Peltonen Pauliina , Olkkonen Sanna , Szyszka Magdalena , Lintunen Pekka
Published: May 2024

Repairs (including false starts, repetitions, and different types of self-corrections) have been examined in second language (L2) speech fluency research as one dimension of (dis)fluent speech. However, in contrast to other dimensions of L2 speech fluency (speed and breakdown), repair fluency is not equally well understood: the results are mixed, and more research investigating the factors behind L2 repair fluency is needed. While some previous studies suggest links between first language (L1) and L2 repair fluency, to what extent L2 repairs are connected with cognitive and affective factors is less understood. To achieve a comprehensive view of the factors behind L2 repair fluency, we combine perspectives of L1 repair fluency, attention control, and language anxiety (LA) that have individually been shown to potentially affect L2 repairs but have rarely been examined together. We analyzed data from L1 Finnish and L2 English monologue speech tasks, a Stroop task in L1 and L2, and surveys for general and task-specific LA from 59 advanced users of English to investigate how L1 repair fluency, cognitive fluency, and LA are related to L2 repair fluency. Correlational analyses revealed that task-specific LA and certain Stroop measures were connected with L2 repair measures, while correlations between L1 and L2 repair fluency measures were weak. An analysis of repair profiles of participants displaying the highest levels of L2 repair fluency revealed that, overall, repairs are more common in the L2 than in the L1, but patterns regarding preferences for repair types vary across individuals. The study has methodological implications for psycholinguistic and SLA research into L2 repair fluency and broader implications for L2 classrooms and assessment.
Zusammen mit der Trägereinrichtung für qualifizierten Nachwuchs sorgen
Authors: Lenz Klaudia Charlotte
Published: May 2024

Viele Museumsmitarbeiter*innen haben ihren beruflichen Werdegang mit einem Museumsvolontariat begonnen, welches einen Überblick über alle relevanten Bereiche der Museumsarbeit und die Möglichkeit für erste Berufserfahrungen geben soll. Ist dem Museum eine hauseigene Bibliothek angeschlossen, kann diese eine potenzielle Einsatzstation für die Ausbildung von Museumsvolontär*innen darstellen. Diese zeitlich begrenzte Aufgabe kann gleichzeitig schön, aber auch herausfordernd sein. Wie man diese zum Nutzen aller erfolgreich gestalten kann, zeigen die nachfolgenden Ausführungen.
Between Anger and Revenge: The Unpoetic Justice of “Counterparts”
Authors: Volpone Annalisa
Published: May 2024

James Joyce’s “Counterparts” is a poignant exploration of the multifaceted themes of anger, revenge, and justice within the backdrop of early twentieth century Dublin. The story takes the reader on a journey through the life of Mr. Farrington, whose struggles embody those of an average Irish worker in the face of British imperialism and societal pressures. Farrington’s gradual transformation from a man burdened by anger into one consumed by an insatiable thirst for revenge serves as a stark commentary on the corrosive effects of his predicament. As the narrative unfolds, it becomes increasingly evident that the boundary between anger and revenge is a fine line, easily blurred in the tumultuous world of Mr. Farrington. The story challenges readers to consider the legitimacy of his emotions and actions, highlighting the complexities of the human psyche when subjected to perceived injustices. Farrington’s impulsive and misguided attempts at revenge only serve to underscore the tragic nature of his character, exemplifying the societal constraints that restrict his agency and expression. “Counterparts” ultimately paints a bleak picture of justice, where Farrington’s quest for revenge takes on a violent and delusional character that fails to address the core issues of perceived injustices. His inability to channel his anger into a purposeful course of action mirrors the broader sense of disempowerment experienced by many Irish citizens in Joyce’s time.
Pronomengebrauch und Konfliktdynamik. Exemplarische Analyse einer Gewalteskalation
Authors: Ebner Johannes
Published: May 2024

Der Aufsatz untersucht, wie Konfliktakteure sich selbst (im Singular und Plural) in Beziehung zueinander und in Bezug aufeinander sozial verorten. Er zeigt, wie sie ihre Beziehung erleben und erfahren, und wie sich dabei die Figuration ihrer Beziehungen verändert. Dazu greift der Autor auf eine soziologisch kaum ausgearbeitete Perspektive zurück: Norbert Elias’ Überlegungen zu Personalpronomen. Er entwickelt diese Perspektive am Fallbeispiel eines gewaltsam eskalierenden Konflikts, der sich 2012 im ehemaligen Bonner Diplomatenstadtteil Bad Godesberg ereignete. Die Analyse fokussiert auf die Wechselseitigkeit pronominaler Bezugnahmen in der Interaktion, die Re-Figuration von Intergruppengrenzen und die sich daraus entspinnende Konfliktdynamik. Auf dieser Basis werden einige Grundlinien einer pronomensensiblen soziologischen Analyseperspektive angedeutet und Implikationen für die neuere Diversitäts-, Humandifferenzierungs- und Konfliktforschung umrissen.
Investigation of Cold Storage Possibilities in Mass Production of Adult Stages of Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae)
Authors: Candan Büşra , Ünlü Levent
Published: May 2024

In this study, the effect of exposing the adult stages of the predator Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) to cold temperatures for varying lengths of time was examined. In the experiment, individuals that reached adultstage on the same day were kept in the dark for 5, 10, and 15 days at 7, 10, and 15°C. Adults kept at low temperatures were fed three times per week with eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and cotton wool soaked in honey water. Individuals of N. tenuis that survived storage were reared at 25°C under long-day conditions (16:8 L:D). The lowest adult survival rate after storage was 65.00% when held at 7°C for 15 days, while the highest survival rates were 94.00% and 98.00% when stored at 7 and 10°C, respectively, for 5 days. The most extended longevity in individuals reared following storage was 14.06 days at 7°C and 14.94 days at 10°C, respectively, while the shortest lifespan was 8.10 days in adults held at 15°C for 15 days. The average number of nymphs produced by adults kepted at 7°C for 15 days was 322.4, while the number produced by adults kept at 15°C for 15 days was 47.6. Except for the nymphs acquired from adults held at 15°C for 15 days, the number of nymphs obtained from adults stored at other dates and temperatures did not differ statistically from the control group. The study concludes that those who intend to mass-produce N. tenuis adults should store them at temperatures between 7 and 10°C for up to 10 days.
Effects of Fermentation Temperature and Time on Chickpea-Initiated Sourdough Production
Authors: Şahin Nazlı , Durmaz Raziye , Koyuncu Mehmet , Sayaslan Abdulvahit
Published: May 2024

Chickpea is a nutritious staple pulse with numerous consumption patterns. It is also used in bakery products, especially in bread, in chickpea flour, fermented-chickpea liquor (FCL), and chickpea yeast (FCL-fermented sourdough) in various countries. However, a large variation exists in the traditional fermentation of FCL and chickpea yeast (CY). In this study, fermentation parameters (cracked-chickpea size, water-chickpea ratio, fermentation temperature, and fermentation time) for the production of FCL and CY were sequentially optimized through separate RSM designs. Therefore, this study aimed to optimise the fermentation conditions for preparing both FCL and CY. First, FCL production parameters of fermentation temperature, time, chickpea particle size, and water-chickpea ratio were optimized and determined to be 40°C, 26 h, 2-6 mm, and 4:1 ratio, respectively. Secondly, the CY process parameters (fermentation temperature and time) were optimized using the optimized FCL conditions and determined to be 38°C and 9 h. The validation studies proved no statistical difference (p>0.05) between the RSM-model predicted and experimental responses. At the optimized fermentation conditions, the FCL and CY had pH values of 4.44 and 4.31 and LAB counts of 9.87 and 9.08 log cfu/g. The optimum fermentation conditions determined in this study are somewhat comparable to those commonly employed in the traditional preparations of both FCL and CY. Such optimization could lead to the better utilization of FCL and CY in the food industry and improved consumer health outcomes.
Assessment the Effects of Psyllium and Hydrocolloids in Gluten-free Noodle
Authors: Aktaş Kübra , Erten Tayyibe
Published: May 2024

This study was performed to examine the effects of individual and combined usage of psyllium with guar gum (GG) or locust bean gum (LBG) on the production of gluten-free Turkish-type noodles. For this purpose, six different formulations were created with the total amount of variables being 3%, and samples' physical, chemical, cooking, textural and sensorial properties were performed. The results revealed no significant decrease or increase in moisture, ash, protein and fat contents. On the other hand, although individual usage of psyllium caused a slight decrease in carbohydrate content, this did not reflect energy values. The lowest L* and hue and the highest a* values were observed in the samples where only psyllium was used, and there was no statistically significant difference in b* and saturation index values.
Regarding cooking quality and textural analysis, the results from these two analyses supported each other, and there is a significant difference between the samples. An additional disliking that can be considered statistically significant was not determined by using psyllium with or without other gums in noodle formulation. As a result, the dual combined psyllium with other gums in gluten-free noodle production could be appropriate without adversely affecting the quality of the product.
Farmers Perceptions of Climate Change Issues in Tetritskaro Municipality, Georgia
Authors: Elizbarashvili Mariam , Kvirkvelia Bela , Chikhradze Nino , Germaın Daniel , Pal Jeremy , Khuntselia Tamar
Published: May 2024

Agriculture is the traditional and leading field of economy of Tetritskaro Municipality, but faces the challenge of changing climate. The study investigates male and female farmers’ perception of climate change issues in Tetritskaro, their main source of information, adaptation measures choosen and their needs. Climate change data available in Tetritskaro focused on characteristic extreme weather events coupled with face-to-face interviews from 254 farmers (male - 53%, female - 47%) was analyzed. The study revealed that men and women have more or less similar perceptions of climate change issues. For male farmers, the main source of information on climate, seasonal prediction and weather forecast is conversations with fellow farmers, and for female farmers it is indigenous knowledge of the local environment. Male and female farmers, have adapted to the changes in climate similarly applying measures such as pesticides, fertilizer and irrigation, early sowing, and earlier harvest, while the exchange of information between fellow farmers, use of various hail protection products and crop diversification techniques is more frequent among male farmers. Farmers expressed the need for low interest loans to purchase agricultural products, equipment and restore/create windbreak zones. Most of the male farmers indicate the need for introduction new technologies, while female farmers are more in need of information and training in agricultural activities. The study shows the need for development of climate change adaptation policies and interventions in Tetritskaro. Obtained results can be used not only in other agricultural regions of Georgia, but in other countries with the same problems.
Opinión Pública sobre las Transferencias Monetarias para Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes en Colombia
Authors: Blofield Merike , Martínez Franzoni Juliana , Otero Bahamon Silvia
Published: May 2024

La pobreza es un fenómeno multidimensional y décadas de evidencia demuestran que los programas de transferencias monetarias periódicas pueden proveer una protección sencilla y eficaz contra la pobreza, especialmente la pobreza extrema. Una encuesta telefónica representativa a nivel nacional realizada en Colombia entre junio y julio del 2022 indica un amplio apoyo de la población (92,5 %) a la existencia de un programa de transferencias monetarias destinadas a niños, niñas y adolescentes. Además, un 96 % apoya fijar el valor de las transferencias en, al menos, la canasta básica de alimentos. Finalmente, la opinión pública está más dividida en cuanto a los criterios de elegibilidad. Algo más de la mitad (54 %) apoya restringir las transferencias a quienes se encuentran en situación de pobreza extrema, mientras que el 45 % apoya criterios más amplios, al menos para todos niños, niñas y adolescentes en situación de pobreza.
Reflexões sobre o planejamento de aulas nos estágios supervisionados em Música
Authors: Queiroz Andrea Matias
Published: May 2024

O presente texto trata do relato reflexivo acerca de uma experiência de orientação em uma turma de Estágio Supervisionado em Música, no Curso de Licenciatura em Música, ofertado pela Universidade XXXXXX, tendo como foco o planejamento das aulas de estágio. A finalidade é mostrar os desafios encontrados pelos estagiários ao se depararem com a necessidade de planejar as aulas. O artigo também discute as percepções dos estagiários acerca do plano de ensino e do plano de aula e como isso pode influenciar nos resultados da atuação prática e da formação docente. Os relatos apresentados tiveram como base as discussões e reflexões realizadas durante as orientações do estágio. O texto finaliza discutindo como as concepções que os estagiários têm acerca do planejamento influenciam na forma como a atuação prática acontece e, consequentemente, na formação docente
Testing Interdisciplinarity in the Field
Authors: Owen Suzanne
Published: May 2024

The Interview connects Bulletin readers with scholars who have been shaping key aspects of our work in the field. Suzanne Owen at Leeds Trinity University in the UK takes some time to chat with us. Owen will be talking about her experiences in both U.S. and U.K. education systems, her path to the academy through Edinburgh courses, Canadian fieldwork, and the BASR. She and Newton also  touch on the issues she sees in the UK Academy and where she hopes Religious Studies can go from here. We thank her for her time and willingness to be part of this issue of the Bulletin.
Study of the degradation behavior of enisamium iodide, tilorone dihydrochloride, morpholinium thiazotate in the soil by the GC-Fid method
Authors: Belikova Anastasiia , Ivanauskas Liudas , Sidorenko Lyudmila , Honcharov Oleksandr , Holovchenko Olha , Kovalenko Zoia , Georgiyants Victoriya
Published: May 2024

The aim. To study the behaviour of enisamium iodide, thiloron dihydrochloride, morpholinium thiazotate, and the suitability of the previously developed GC-FID methodology in soil.
Materials and methods. The determination of the Enisamium iodide, Tilorone dihydrochloride, and Morpholinium thiazotate in soil gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector using the Rxi-5 ms (30 m long, 0.25 mm outer diameter and 0.25 μm liquid stationary phase thickness).
Results. A study was conducted on the behaviour of enisamium iodide, thiloron dihydrochloride, and morpholinium thiazotate in soil, along with the assessment of the suitability of the developed GC-FID methodology for determination in soil. The half-life in soil was investigated, which amounted to 45 days for enisamium iodide, 30 days for thilorone dihydrochloride, and 7 days for morpholinium thiazotate, with corresponding decay rate constants of 0.001 mg/mL, 0.001 mg/mL, and 0.0005 mg/mL, respectively.
Conclusions. The previously developed GC-FID methodology is suitable for the determination of enisamium iodide, thilorone dihydrochloride, and morpholinium thiazotate in soil, with necessary analysis conditions established. Under aerobic conditions, the selected pharmaceutical preparations' dispersion rate followed the following decreasing order: enisamium iodide > thilorone dihydrochloride > morpholinium thiazotate in soil
Research for the selection of taste corrigents, filter materials and primary packaging for oral solution with magnesium salts
Authors: Snehyrova Daria , Almakaieva Lyudmila
Published: May 2024

The aim. Theoretically and experimentally, justify the choice of excipients for a combined oral solution with organic magnesium salts. Determine the compatibility of filter materials of three types. Select single-dose primary packaging for the developed oral solution and confirm its suitability during the relevant studies.
Materials and methods. Organoleptic, physicochemical, and pharmaco-technological methods were used in the investigation. All methods meet the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine and the European Pharmacopoeia. Organoleptic methods indicated the taste of the medicinal speciality behind the methods of O.I. Tentsova and I.A. Egorov. Physicochemical methods were used to determine pH, colour, density, and quantitative amount of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Pharmaco-technological methods were used to determine the properties of filter materials and primary packaging.
Results. A sweetener and a flavouring agent for an oral solution with magnesium salts were selected based on the research. Saccharin sodium was selected as a sweetener in the amount of 0.15 %. «Cherry» in the amount of 0.4 % and «caramel» in the amount of 0.2 % were selected as flavouring agents. As a result of experiments, the suitability of filter materials made of сapron, nylon and polyethersulfone was proven. This is determined by the constancy of the main quality indicators of the drug 24, 48 and 72 hours after filtration. The suitability of the single-dose primary packaging in the process of storing the oral solution has been studied and proven. In the work, polymer ampoules of the «Moplen EP 2S 12 B» brand and the «Purell HP 371P» brand were used. The conducted research allows us to create a competitive domestic drug that will be technologically simple and convenient in administration and will also be distinguished by relatively low raw material costs and production.
Conclusions. Based on theoretical and experimental studies, auxiliary substances, such as sweeteners and flavouring agents, were selected for the combined magnesium-containing drug. The suitability of filter materials for the combined oral solution was investigated and confirmed. The suitability of single-dose primary packaging of two types was selected and experimentally proven
Peritoneal remodeling and changes in its lymphoid component in experimental modeling of adhesion disease in rats
Authors: Paidarkina Anastasia , Kushch Oksana
Published: May 2024

Age changes, inflammatory processes, surgical interventions and heterogeneous pathological effects on the physiological processes of the peritoneum lead to certain changes in the structure of the components of the peritoneum, which leads to remodeling of the tissue structures of the abdominal cavity. According to the literature, the most frequent consequence of such remodeling of tissue structures of the peritoneum is the development of an adhesion process. To date, there are no data on the study of the lymphoid component of mesentery tissues, which is the goal of further research.
The purpose of the work: to study the process of remodeling of peritoneal tissue during experimental adhesion formation and the specificity of changes in its lymphoid component in rats compared to the norm.
Research materials and methods: preparation, macroscopic, microscopic, histological (production of film preparations), staining of preparations with hematoxylin and eosin, mathematical (morphometric grids - counting the number of immunocompetent cells per 1000 μm2 standard area), statistical processing according to Student.
Results: experimental adhesion disease is characterized by a gradual process of remodeling of the mesenteric tissues of the small intestine and, as a result, the formation of connective tissue neoplasms. The mesentery of the small intestine loses its elasticity and mobility and thickens considerably. The process of experimental adhesion formation was accompanied by dynamic changes in the number of lymphocytes.
Conclusions: these structures are thin and homogeneous on the 7th day; hard, dense and granular on the 14th day; contain solid conglomerates of heterogeneous structures on the 21st day after talc injection. The number of lymphocytes in this structure gradually increases: on day 7 - by 2 % in animals of group II, on day 14 - by 30 % in animals of group III, and on day 21 - by 36 % in animals of group IV, compared to animals of the intact group
Antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa in the presence and absence of pyocyanin pigment
Authors: Vashchyk Yevheniia , Bobrytska Olga , Shtrygol' Sergiy , Zakhariev Andriy , Dubin Ruslan , Shapovalova Olga , Ivleva Oksana
Published: May 2024

Purpose: study of antibiotic resistance of Р. aeruginosa strains in the presence and absence of pyocyanin pigment.
Materials and methods. Bacteriological studies of pathological material from "asphyxiated embryos", sick chickens and forcibly killed or dead adult birds were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Cultures from bone, brain, heart, liver, spleen, gall bladder, muscles and other organs were carried out on simple, selective and differential diagnostic nutrient media. The sensitivity of P. aeruginosa isolates to antibacterial drugs was determined by diffusion in agar according to the generally accepted method.
The results. The obtained results of studies by the diffusion method in agar indicate that the proportion of resistant to the studied antibiotics among non-pigmented isolates was on average 79.00 % (60-100) %, and among strains that formed pyocyanin - 51.00 % (25-100) %. 60.00 % - 90.00 % of resistant non-pigmented isolates were found to fluoroquinolones, 60.00-70.00 % to cephalosporins, 60.00-97.00 % to aminoglycosides. To representatives of semisynthetic penicillins, tetracyclines, and macrolides - 100 % of resistant isolates that did not synthesize pyocyanin were found. Among P. aeruginosa isolates that synthesized pigment, 25.00-40.00 % were resistant to fluoroquinolones, 30.00-35.00 % to cephalosporins, 25.00-50.00 % to aminoglycosides, representatives semi-synthetic penicillins, tetracyclines, macrolides - 100 % of the studied strains.
Conclusions. The absence of pigment formation in P. aeruginosa isolates, obtained in association with bacterial pathogens, is not accompanied by the absence of antibiotic resistance. 28 % more antibiotic-resistant isolates were found among non-pigmented isolates compared to isolates that synthesize pyocyanin pigment. The data presented emphasize the need for the use of differential media for the isolation of P. aeruginosa in order to identify non-pigmented strains and prescribe appropriate treatment, which, accordingly, will prevent the spread of latent forms of infection
Use of bone conduction mechanisms for subjective evaluation of sound-absorbing properties of materials
Authors:   Branch ", Kharitonov Vladimir ,   Vzlet",   of Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Litvinova Anna ,   Branch "Vzlet" of Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Zinkin Valery , Sheshegov Pavel ,   Central Research Institute of the Air Force of the Ministry of Defense of Russian Federation, Slivina Lyudmila ,   Volgograd State Medical University
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the work is to theoretically and experimentally justify the use of bone conduction for the subjective evaluation of sound-absorbing properties of materials. Existing proteosome, in most cases, is to block the air pathways of sound to the cochlea. Their efficiency does not exceed the sound level of more than 100–110 dBA. Simplified (objective) and subjective methods have been developed to evaluate the acoustic efficiency of antinoise. In workplaces where the noise level is higher, it is necessary to use an antinoise helmet, which is designed to protect not only the air path of sound, but also the bone and tissue structures of the head. This is due to the need to overlap the bony pathway of sound to the cochlea. There are no standard methods for evaluating the effectiveness of an antinoise helmet. The authors proposed to use an audiometer to assess sound absorption. The method of tonal audiometry conducted experimental studies to assess the sound absorption of samples from various materials, packages of 2–4 layers of materials and antinoise helmet. The results obtained practically corresponded to the data obtained using the methods used to evaluate the acoustic efficiency of the antinoise helmet. Using mathematical methods, the effectiveness of the method proposed by the authors on the basis of a tonal audiometer for evaluating the sound absorption of materials and extraaural means of noise protection is proved. Evaluation of sound absorption using bone conduction in tonal audiometry can be used as a subjective method for evaluating the acoustic effectiveness of extraaural personal noise protection equipment.
Design of custom acetabular components: influence of the type of defects on the design
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after R.R. Vreden, Kovalenko Anton , Tikhilov Rashid ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after R.R. Vreden, Shubnyakov Igor , Dzhavadov Alisagib , Bilyk Stanislav , Midaev Ali ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after R.R. Vreden, Maslov Leonid ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University named after V.I. Lenin,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Zhmaylo Mikhail ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: May 2024

Options for treatment of massive acetabular defects are very diverse and continue to be a challenge for the surgeon. Although custom implants do not perform well over other reconstruction methods, design variability offers wide option for reliable primary fixation. There were performed 115 acetabular reconstructions with custom implants in Russian Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after R.R. Vreden of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation from 2015 to 2019 years. The aim of our study was to clarify and define main types of custom implants which were used for reconstruction of extensive acetabular defects. Despite the most defects refers to such categories as 3A, 3B according to Paprosky and pelvic ring discontinuity, the type of custom implants was determined to a greater extent by the geometry of the defect. Custom implants were used as augmentation of posterior, anterior or superior wall in the cases when the medial wall was saved. When medial support was absent, custom implants had bridge-like fixation and antiprotrusion properties. In the most severe cases, in the absence of support and connection with the axial skeleton, custom acetabular component had iliac flange and a stem that was fixed in the posterior parts of the iliac body. The main design types of the presented constructions are represented by augments, threeflange and flanged constructions with a stem. Along with patient-specific acetabular reconstruction various design types wided primary screw fixation options, allowed us to find optimal hip rotational center position and acetabular cup orientation yet at planning stage. Custom designing of acetabular implants lets combine different fixation options of various acetabular implant types.
Influence of the methods of mechanical processing and sterilization on the structural-and-functional condition of the surface layer of bone samples
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Litvinov Yuriy , Matveychuk Igor ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Rozanov Vladimir ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants,   Moscow Lomonosov State University, Krasnov Vitaliy ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Published: May 2024

The authors presented the results of structural-and-functional analysis of the surface layer of bone tissue samples after their mechanical processing and sterilization. Bone samples of the given height were produced on a precision cutting machine using disc cutters. They were made from cylindrical blanks obtained from the fragments of bovine femoral shaft using hollow cutters. In this case, one of the end surfaces of bone samples was processed with a steel cutting disc with teeth, and the second one – using a disc milling cutter with diamond-coated cutting edge. The samples obtained were sterilized by different methods: ozone, radiation and combined ones, based on combined ozone-oxygen exposure at the first stage and radiation exposure – at the second. The elastic-plastic properties (Vickers microhardness index) of the surface layer at the ends of cylindrical bone samples were determined after mechanical and sterilizing physicochemical exposure. Scanning electron microscopy was used when studying the patterns of changes in the structure of sample end surfaces. The advantage of mechanical processing of bone samples using a cutting disc cutter with diamond-coated cutting edge was established compared to using a circular milling cutter with a cutting edge in the form of teeth. The studying of elastic-plastic characteristics of the surface layer of bone samples in mirovolumes demonstrated that the sterilizing physicochemical exposure to ozone-oxygen mixture, to radiation processing using a flow of fast electrons with radiation absorption doses of 10, 15 and 20 kGy, as well as their combined exposure did not have a significant effect on the values of sample microhardness.
Biomechanical approach to the choice of the type of intramedullary fixator in a simulated femoral fracture
Authors:   Saratov Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Barabash Yuri , Ivanov Dmitry ,   Saratov State University, Bogatov Viktor ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Lychagin Alexey ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Intramedullary osteosynthesis is currently one of the main methods of treating fractures of long tubular bones. There is a large selection of both the fixators themselves and the manufacturers of these implants. The aim of this study was to conduct biomechanical testing of three types of intramedular rods – ChM, BNB (three-bladed), SarNIITO rod and Fixion (Israel) in femoral fractures of types A1, A2, A3 and B1. According to the results of the study of the displacement of fragments in different types of fractures, affecting the “bone– fixator” system with three types of loads (axial, transverse and rotational) – the stability is not the same. The most commonly used cross-blocking rod (or perhaps the entire type of such rods) showed fairly good indicators of the stability of fragments that can lead to the desired result – bone fusion. The use of different types of intramedullary fixators based on a different method of locking in the bone (transversely inserted screws, by expanding in the bone marrow canal, embedding the blades into the bone from the inside and with a spoke) allows a more rational approach to increasing the stability of a fixed fracture by using their positive sides. So, for a fracture of type A1 and A2, it is better to use Fixion rod. With a transverse bone fracture line (type A3), it is better to give preference to the three-bladed BNB rod, since it holds the transverse and rotational load better, and when exposed to the axial one, the fracture is autodynamized (compression), stimulating regeneration. Fractures of type B2 (comminuted, with a small contact line between the fragments) require the maximum possible stability. For this purpose, Fixion rod is better suited, which is blocked throughout the entire bone marrow canal. But when it is used, it is possible for the fragment to move away from the mother bed when the rod is stabilized by its expansion.
Algorithm for assessing changes in the functional state of muscles of the maxillofacial area of athletes using individual relaxation occlusal splints or mouth guards
Authors:   Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, Samuilov Ivan , Davydov Maksim ,   Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, Rubnikovich Sergey , Baradina Inessa ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
Published: May 2024

The paper proposes an algorithm for assessing changes in the functional state of bilaterally located muscles. The proposed algorithm is based on the analysis of two-dimensional distribution function and two-dimensional probability density of the amplitude of electromyograms of the muscles under study. The paper proposes criteria for assessing the symmetry and asymmetry of muscle activity, presents the results of the study of changes in the functional state of the temporalis muscles and the masseter muscles for a group of athletes. During sports competitions and preparing to them, athletes are exposed to high physical and emotional stress which leads to a premature decrease in the functional activity of the muscles causing changes in the biomechanics of movements. The reasons that lead to a decrease in the functional activity of the muscles are as follows: occlusal disharmony; changes in bite and / or interalveolar distance, hypertonicity of the muscles of the maxillofacial region. Ultimately, these reasons lead to a deterioration in sports performance. The group of the athletes under study involved 10 males aged 23 to 24 years, who are engaged in combat sports at a professional level. Each athlete underwent a clinical examination, palpation and isometric tests of the muscles of the maxillofacial region (MR) and temporomandibular joints (TMJ), auscultation of the TMJ, control of occlusion (using copy paper and T-scan apparatus), cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the dentoalveolar system (DAS) and electromyography (EMG) of the muscles of the maxillofacial region. At this stage of the research, each athlete received individual relaxation occlusal splints or mouthguards of two types: 2.0 mm thick soft one and 3.0 mm thick semi-rigid one. It was recommended to the athletes that they should wear the splints for 1–2 months in the following manner: to wear 2.0 mm thick soft splint on an ongoing basis, excluding food intakes and the training process, whereas 3.0 mm thick semi-rigid splints should be used during the training process and other types of physical activity, as well as at competitions.
Numerical and experimental study of premolars strength properties with pin zirconium inserts at different load angles
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Dzhalalova Margarita , Oganyan Alisa , Tsalikova Nina ,   Evdokimov Moscow State Medical Stomatologic University
Published: May 2024

To study the physical and mechanical properties of zirconium dioxide post stump structures made by computer modeling and milling (CAD/CAM), the stress-strain state and their strength characteristics, numerical and experimental studies were carried out. The test specimens were a system consisting of previously extracted premolar teeth with an absent anatomical crown, a prepared root canal and a post stump inlay fixed in it, an artificial zirconium dioxide crown fixed on the pin insert, and a part of the root. The prepared teeth for the placement of the posts were scanned in the dental laboratory, after which the pin insert of zirconium dioxide were milled. Investigated 2 groups of samples: specimens of the first group were processed in a sandblasting unit; the specimens of the second were not subjected to any mechanical and temperature treatment. To test the compressive strength of the specimens, we used an Instron 5982 universal floor electromechanical testing machine in static mode under conditions of a single increasing load. The specimens were tested with vertical load and at an angle of 15° with and without sandblasting with aluminum oxide powder. The value of the force for each variant was obtained, at which the samples were destroyed. Also, a numerical study was carried out by the finite element method on the developed mathematical model of the stress-strain state dependence of the sample on the applied functional load acting vertically on the occlusal surface of the tooth and at an angle of 15°. The problem was considered in an axisymmetric setting. The computer model included a premolar tooth with a crown, a root and a pin insert, taking into account the mechanical properties of the materials of each of these elements. With an increase in the angle of the load acting on the crown from 0° to 15°, the destruction of the sample occurs at its lower values, by about 10–12 %; the maximum values of stresses were determined in the upper part of the crown and the neck of the tooth (connection of the crown to the root) – in the experiments, destruction occurred precisely in these places. Comparison of the experimental averaged values of the loads at which the destruction of the samples occurs with the numerical values showed their good agreement.
AVALIAÇÃO COMO UM MONSTRO?
Authors: Figueiredo Millena Soares , Pereira Talita Vidal
Published: May 2024

Neste artigo, são problematizadas concepções realistas de conhecimento que organizam as decisões pedagógicas e favorecem que a avaliação seja significada como “monstro” que aterroriza os processos de escolarização de crianças, jovens e adultos. Tal discussão é desenvolvida à luz de aportes teóricos pós-estruturais, cuja apropriação tem sido produtiva para a compreensão dos pressupostos teóricos que sustentam certezas e legitimam práticas avaliativas excludentes que alimentam medos e inseguranças nos processos de escolarização. Como referencial teórico, são apropriadas contribuições de aportes pós-estruturais produzidos no campo do currículo em interlocução com reflexões sobre avaliação. Como considerações resultantes dessas reflexões, cabe destacar que a promoção de práticas avaliativas que possam, de fato, contribuir para a realização de uma educação mais democrática e inclusivas pressupõe investimento teórico em reflexões que tornem explícita a contingência de decisões pedagógicas.
PROGRAMA INTERNACIONAL DE AVALIAÇÃO DE ESTUDANTES (PISA)
Authors: Souza Maria Luiza Dique de , Freitas Luane Coutinho de , Caldeira Maria Carolina
Published: May 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o modo como o Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Estudantes (PISA) se insere em um contexto de influência (Ball, 2011) que pretende produzir políticas educacionais e curriculares unificadas para diferentes países do mundo, particularmente para o Brasil. Com base na discussão teórica desenvolvida por Stephen Ball e na análise de documentos curriculares, como a base Nacional Comum Curricular e o Common Core, o texto discute como diferentes elementos se articulam para produzir uma ideia de qualidade de educação articulada a ranqueamentos e performances. Nesse processo, essas políticas inserem-se em uma lógica neoliberal que pretende produzir subjetividades capazes de se autogovernar para atender às demandas de mercado.
CURRÍCULO E AVALIAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL CARIOCA
Authors: Louzada Virgínia , Teixeira Roberta , Amancio Cristiane
Published: May 2024

Este artigo objetiva apresentar dados de pesquisa em andamento realizada na Rede Pública Municipal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de questionário online preenchido por profissionais que atuam na Educação Infantil, tendo como referencial de análise autores das áreas de avaliação e currículo. Através das respostas obtidas no questionário, percebe-se a grande influência que documentos curriculares como a Base Nacional Comum Curricular e o Currículo Carioca exercem no planejamento e nas práticas docentes, o que nos leva a acreditar ser necessário urgente discutir a natureza do trabalho pedagógico na Educação Infantil, a fim de evitar a lógica de preparação de crianças para o Ensino Fundamental.
TENSÕES E PROPOSIÇÕES EM AVALIAÇÃO, POLÍTICAS DE AVALIAÇÃO E CURRÍCULO-ENTREVISTA COM ISABEL ORTIGÃO
Authors: Silva Antonia Alves Pereira , Aguilar Júnior Carlos Augusto , Ortigão Maria Isabel Ramalho
Published: May 2024

O Campo da pesquisa em Avaliação tem se notabilizado ultimamente, muito em função das políticas de avaliação externa que as escolas brasileiras experimentam desde a instituição do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica – SAEB nos anos de 1990, e suas implicações na prática curricular das escolas. Uma das pesquisadoras brasileiras que se destaca nesse campo é a professora Maria Isabel Ramalho Ortigão. Nesta entrevista ela discute sobre o papel das políticas de avaliação no contexto educacional problematizando a prática avaliativa hegemônica no país e suas articulações com o currículo escolar. A pesquisadora salienta a necessidade de pensar avaliação articulada ao demais elementos do processo didático e nos provoca a refletir sobre práticas avaliativas insurgentes.  Reflete também sobre sua trajetória profissional e a transformação de professora em pesquisadora, bem como as perspectivas para o campo de pesquisa em Avaliação
The Revelations of Blessed Angela — the problem of authorship of visions
Authors: Rodionova Yu. V.
Published: May 2024

The book "Revelations of Blessed Angela" ("The Phenomenon of the gifts of the Almighty sent down in the Spirit of Blessed Mother Angela of Foligno", hereinafter — "Revelations...") as a historical source attracts very little attention in Russian literature, and in Western literature all research is focused around the religious component of revelations, the cult of the personality of God. Angela and the questions of finding the unknown and mystical in her visions. For some, bl. Angela is a real saint, for others she is a woman who suffered from hysteria, and all her visions are the fruit of a sick fantasy.The work analyzed the first two parts of the book "Revelations..." by bl. Angela, which are key to understanding the teaching. The experience described in the chapters on visions is closely related to the problem of authorship. Solving the issue of authorship may provide an opportunity to take a fresh look at historical time and similar works. It is proposed to consider the book as evidence of an attempt to create a cult of the holy new formation, which turned out to be very successful: under the developed doctrine of salvation, the life of the saint was compiled, who directly accepted divine revelations, fully confirming the views of certain groups of spirituals in the Franciscan order.
Peter the Great’s letter about "raskolnik" Daniil from the Vygovsky Monastery
Authors: Beliankin Yu. S.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the proposed article is to reveal the content and study using paleographic methods and analysis of the historical and cultural context of the original letter of Tsar Peter I, unknown to date, which touches on the fate of one of the founders of the Vygovsky Old Believer community — Daniil Vikulin. The purpose of this article is to show the source value of the newly found unique document, as well as to emphasize the factual nature of Ivan Filippov’s "History of the Vygovsky Monastery", which has been the only source on this topic up to now. The newly found letter sheds new light on the circumstances of Daniil Vikulin’s arrest and release.