bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPONENTS OF FORMING A CULTURE OF BUSINESS COMMUNICATION AMONG FUTURE DOCTORS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS CONDITIONS EFFECTIVENESS FOR THE FORMATION OF FUTURE OFFICERS’ MANAGERIAL COMPETENCE IN HIGHER MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Kachailo Kostiantyn
Published: December 2024

Defined in the article the components of the culture of business communication and their importance in the professional training of future doctors in institutions of higher education (speech culture and culture of behavior, empathy, respect, sincerity); the key aspects of each component during the training period of future doctors and their role in further professional activity are substantiated in detail; it has been proven that a doctor who adheres to high ethical standards in communication with patients and colleagues, knows medical terminology and knows how to use it in appropriate situations, has knowledge of the norms of modern Ukrainian business language, will be effective and one who enjoys the respect and trust of patients establish contact with patients, colleagues and other medical professionals, effectively resolve conflicts and work in a team; important aspects of the culture of behavior of future doctors are given (ethical norms, communication skills, emotional stability, critical thinking and self-improvement, humanity and tolerance, physical and mental health culture); the empathy of the future doctor is presented as the ability to understand and feel the emotions and experiences of patients, which helps to create a comfortable and supportive environment for them.
vista de los diseños es por lo común mejor que la de las obras. Un pleito del arte de la seda contra Blas Molner
Authors: Cabezas García Álvaro
Published: December 2024

Blas Molner, valenciano establecido en Sevilla, desarrolló una polifacética y exitosa carrera como escultor, arquitecto de retablos y profesor en la Real Escuela de las Tres Nobles Artes. Entre el Barroco y el Neoclasicismo, practicó una curiosa dualidad estilística en función de si acometía encargos oficiales –en los que seguía las directrices académicas–, o particulares, cuando mantenía las formas tradicionales. En 1789 realizó una arquitectura efímera por la proclamación de Carlos IV en el enclave hispalense de Santa María de Gracia para el gremio del arte de la Seda. Como no se le abonó lo estipulado en el contrato, reclamó justicia en los tribunales y el mencionado gremio pleiteó con él entre 1794 y 1796 en lo que constituye un sintomático ejemplo de competencia profesional y resistencia artística al final del Antiguo Régimen.
Controlando al Rebaño. Origen de la hermandad de la Divina Pastora de San Lorenzo (1721-1722)
Authors: Regalado González-Serna Víctor Daniel
Published: December 2024

En la presente investigación nos acercamos a la difusión de la devoción a la Divina Pastora en las primeras décadas del siglo XVIII. Tras el desarrollo de la hermandad de Santa Marina un grupo de fieles fundó una congregación dedicada a la misma advocación en la parroquia de San Lorenzo. Gracias a este trabajo también se podrá datar la creación de la talla de la Divina Pastora de San Lorenzo, actualmente en el convento de San Antonio, y comprender mejor la destacada difusión de esta devoción en la sociedad moderna.
No seas un cerdo: Imágenes de animales de Luis Palao Ortubia (1863-1930)
Authors: Gil-Díez  Usandizaga Ignacio
Published: December 2024

Las imágenes de las producciones editoriales dirigidas a la infancia juegan un papel decisivo en la construcción de la cultura visual. Los ilustradores emplean muchos recursos que resultan de la combinación de su aprendizaje artístico y de su adaptación al medio profesional en el que se desenvuelven. El papel como ilustrador de Luis Palao Ortubia (Zaragoza, 1863- Madrid, 1930), pese a haber sido determinante en el ámbito de la producción editorial de libros infantiles y juveniles en lengua española en el primer tercio del siglo XX, es poco conocido y valorado. Su aportación al mundo gráfico infantil, más allá de los cánones establecidos sobre innovación y tradición, alcanzó el éxito entre el público más joven, analizándose en este artículo alguna de sus claves en el subgénero de la representación de animales humanizados.
Vuelta a los básicos en la arquitectura actual: Usos, posibilidades, fortalezas y debilidades de la paja como ecomaterial
Authors: Muñoz Pérez Laura
Published: December 2024

Cada día más arquitectos inician sus procesos de diseño con la pregunta: ¿cuál es el compuesto más adecuado a esta zona y a sus condiciones naturales? La naturaleza puede ayudar a responder a esta cuestión. Una posibilidad es la paja que, como residuo agrícola, existe en todas las regiones del planeta. Pese a su abundancia, no puede existir bioconstrucción si el material, además de natural, local y ecológico (por biodegradable), no es sostenible, hecho que obliga a que esté disponible con facilidad, sea accesible, más barato que otras alternativas y con una mínima huella de carbono en su producción, tratamiento y transporte. Estas fortalezas conviven con debilidades como su falta de resistencia y riesgo de descomposición, que se deben considerar y minimizar de cara al fortalecimiento de los principios de la bioarquitectura en el siglo XXI.
Del dibujo de José de Paz Ribera al modelado 3D: Reconstrucción virtual del catafalco erigido en la catedral de Toledo para las exequias de Luis I (1724)
Authors: Revenga Domínguez Paula , Prieto Hames Pablo
Published: December 2024

En este artículo se propone una reconstrucción digital en 3D del catafalco erigido en 1724 en la Catedral Primada con motivo de la celebración de honras fúnebres por el rey Luis I. Se describen las diferentes fases de creación y modelado tridimensional del monumento efímero, cuya virtualización se ha realizado a partir del análisis e interpretación de la información proporcionada por las fuentes históricas coetáneas, tanto documentales como literarias, y de las trazas del túmulo diseñadas por el pintor José de Paz Ribera que se conservan en el Archivo Municipal de Toledo.
Reseñas. Volumen 13 (2024)
Authors: Bolívar Fernández José Luís , Stefani Gianluca
Published: December 2024

En este volumen se reseñan las siguientes contribuciones científicas:
- GÓMEZ ROMÁN, Ana María. El Palacio del Conde de Luque en Granada. Despliegue artístico y nobleza ilustrada. Granada: Editorial Universidad de Granada, 2024. ISBN: 978-84-338-7107-7.
- MAZZONI, Stefano: Europa in festa. Lo spettacolo dal Cinquecento all’Ottocento. Firenze, Polistampa, 2024, ISBN: 978-88-596-2143-0.
Acknowledgement of Country
Authors: TESOL in Context Journal Coordinator
Published: December 2024

This includes the front cover of the general issue, Acknowledgement of Country, ACTA Statement, and TESOL in Context editorial team details for the current issue 2024 Volume 33 Number 01 General Issue.
Endoscopic Para/transseptal Endonasal Approach for Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor Preserving Nasal Septal Mucosa; Procedure Tailored to Tumor Extension
Authors: Kino Hiroyoshi , Akutsu Hiroyoshi , Tanaka Shuho , Hara Takuma , Morinaga Yusuke , Miyamoto Hidetaka , Ii Rieko , Osawa Koutarou , Ishikawa Eiichi
Published: December 2024

Currently, the direct endonasal approach is widely used in endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) for pituitary neuroendocrine tumor. However, a large posterior septal perforation is inevitable. We routinely utilize a modified para/transseptal approach using the combination of a Killian and a contralateral rescue flap incision (PTSA with K-R incision). Especially, rescue flap incision is used on ipsilateral side of the tumor extension to facilitate lateral expansion of the anterior sphenoidotomy and tumor resection. 189 patients underwent EES using PTSA with K-R incision in Tsukuba university hospital. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 146 (77.2%) patients. Even in cases of significant lateral tumor extension (Knosp 3 or 4), GTR was achieved in 56 of 90 (62.2%) patients. Among the 168 patients with available rhinological follow-up data, postoperative anterior and posterior septal perforation occurred in six (3.6%) and 18 (10.7%) patients, respectively. Surgical intervention was required in one (0.6%) patient with anterior septal perforation. Thus, PTSA with K-R incision was effective in preserving the nasal septal mucosa on one side and gaining a sufficient surgical corridor with lateral expansion of the anterior sphenoidotomy on the other side. Our strategy may be preferable to improve maneuverability of instruments during tumor resection.
Enhancement of FK520 production in Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus ATCC 14891 by overpressing the pathyway specific regulatory gene fkbR2
Authors: Xiao Xue , Gao Shuhong
Published: December 2024

Ascomycin (FK520) is a 23-membered macrolide antibiotic primarily produced by the Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. ascomycetoides. Structurally similar to tacrolimus and rapamycin, it serves as an effective immunosuppressant widely used in the treatment of rejection reactions following organ transplantation and certain autoimmune diseases. Currently, FK520 is mainly produced through microbial fermentation, but its yield remains low. Since the gene fkbR2 is a regulatory gene within the FK520 biosynthetic gene cluster that has not been studied, this paper focuses on the overexpression of the regulatory gene fkbR2 in Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus ATCC 14891 (WT). By constructing a strain with overexpressed fkbR2 gene, we initially obtained a high-yielding strain R2-17 through shake flask fermentation, with a 28% increase in yield compared to WT. In the process of further improving the stability of the high-yielding strain, this paper defines two indices: high-yield index and stability index. After two consecutive rounds of natural selection, strain R2-17 achieved a high-yield index of 100% and a stability index of 80%, ultimately leading to the selection of a stable high-yielding strain R2-17-3-10 with a 34% increase in yield compared to WT, reaching 686.47 mg/L. A comparative analysis between the high-yielding strain R2-17-3-10 and the original strain WT revealed differences in fermentation process parameters such as FK520 synthesis rate, pH, bacterial concentration, glycerol consumption rate, amino nitrogen level, and ammonium ion concentration. Additionally, the transcription levels of genes involved in the synthesis of precursors DHCHC (fkbO), ethylmalonyl-CoA (fkbE, fkbU, fkbS), and piperidine acid (fkbL), as well as pathway-specific regulatory genes (fkbN, fkbR1), were significantly increased at different time points in the high-yielding strain R2-17-3-10. This suggests that the gene fkbR2may enhance the supply of FK520 synthetic precursors by regulating the transcription of these genes, thereby promoting an increase in FK520 production. These results demonstrate that modifying genes within the biosynthetic gene clusters of natural products can be successfully applied to increase the yields of industrially and clinically important compounds. However it is found that fkbR2 gene may be a regulatory gene that has not been fully studied, and it is worth further studying its regulatory mechanism.
Access to health services by women subjected to violence: findings from administrative healthcare data from the metropolitan area of northern Italy
Authors: Gabellini Eliana , Salvatori Andrea , Greco Maria Teresa , Cattaneo Cristina , Tambuzzi Stefano , Costantino Maria Antonella , Russo Antonio Giampiero
Published: December 2024

Background: In Italy, approximately 50% of women report experiencing episodes of psychological and/or physical violence. The Emergency Department (ED) is widely recognized as one of the health services to which victims of violence seek treatment for injuries and within which situations of domestic violence and abuse can be recognized. This work aims to estimate the phenomenon of violence in the population of the Health Protection Agency (ATS) of Milan using data from emergency room access and hospital admissions. A further goal of the survey is to provide evidence to launch audit processes in health units designed to foster improvement strategies for the management of the phenomenon and guarantee integration with anti-violence centers.
Methods: In the first phase of the project, an algorithm was designed to detect women subjected to violence intercepted in the five years 2019-2023 in the administrative healthcare data of emergency rooms and hospital admissions. To identify the cases, the specific diagnosis codes of the ICD-9 have been selected. Prevalence and time trends of the phenomenon were estimated, stratifying by different socioanagraphic characteristics and by types and attributes of access.
In addition, the degree of integration between social and health services was analyzed. The areas researched concern intake by specialized services; specifically, data on female residents of the cohort were cross-referenced with data on access to the network of social health services in the ATS territory.
Results: A clearly increasing phenomenon emerges: from 2019 to 2023, admissions to the ED have risen by 17%. A total of 35.6 percent of admissions involve women between the ages of 18 and 34. Foreigners account for approximately 40.9 percent of the cohort while constituting 15 percent of women residing in the territory. The yellow (Urgency) triage code is assigned for 3 out of the 4 admissions. A total of 11.5% of women had multiple accesses.
Conclusions: Administrative healthcare data offer consistent data for studying the phenomenon of violence. This project aims to provide useful tools to better guide policies for intervention and integration between services in the area. Further reflection will focus on the possibility of integrating health and social services to support an intersectoral approach.
Efficacy of Online Conscious Connected Breathwork in Reducing Symptoms of Anxiety: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Blake Richard Lawrence
Published: December 2024

Amidst the growing prevalence of anxiety disorders and the limitations of existing treatments, this research paper posits that we need to expand treatment options rather than simply to include more people in therapy or on medication. The popularity of breathwork has grown enormously but is still in the process of creating a robust body of evidence to validate its utility. This research employs a true-experimental design to compare pretest and posttest measures of anxiety utilizing the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZAS) between a breathwork group and a control group. The breathwork group participated in six weekly group sessions, each lasting 90 minutes, while the control group was placed on a waitlist. The study’s results are significant with a large effect size, as CCB reduced anxiety symptoms by a mean of 10.56 points on the ZAS compared to the control group’s reduction of just 1.89. This substantial difference highlights the potential of CCB as an effective, low-cost, and accessible intervention for anxiety. Furthermore, this study pioneers the investigation of the effectiveness of CCB in an online environment, offering insights into the adaptability and potential broader application of breathwork therapies. This research supports the integration of CCB into mainstream mental health practices, addressing the increasing demand for effective mental health treatments.
Influence of Base Stock Group to Molecular Structure and Tribological Performance
Authors: Zhao Zifei , Yang Jie , Tian Boxi , Wang Weiwei
Published: December 2024

Base stock composition and molecular structure has an important effect on tribology properties of lubricating oil. In this paper, five different groups of base stocks were taken as the research objects, the composition and structural parameters have been detected by GC-MS and NMR, the friction coefficient and wear scar width of base stocks at different temperatures are evaluated by ring-block friction and wear testing machine, the morphology, composition elements of the friction surfaces were studied by optical microscope and EDS-SEM. Results show that Group I and Group II base stock mainly composed of paraffins containing unsaturated hydrogen and cycloparaffin, and the Group IV PAO base oil prepared by α-olefin were mainly composed of saturated alkanes molecules with regular carbon chains. The highly branched molecules dominates in mineral base stock. Group II base stock shows the lowest friction coefficient and the Group III shows the highest value. After adding MoDTC, Group I base stock shows the highest friction coefficient, other base stock show similar low friction coefficient. The PAO produced with ethylene oligomerization method shows the largest wear scar whenever mixed with MoDTC. Apart from 1# Group I base stock, the XNP of ethylene produced PAO is the lowest compared with other lubricants, this indicates that a low XNP value of base stock may lead to poor anti-wear performance, although the normal paraffin is harmful to the low temperature fluidity of lubricants.
Analysis of chicken feed ingredient handling and feed compounding on commercial farms and feed mills in selected districts of Uganda
Authors: Nampanzira Dorothy K. , Kizza Daniel , Okello Samuel , Kayemba Vincent , Awino Winfred , Nabulime Margret , Isiko Joshua , Nakabugo Immaculate , Nalubwama Sylvia , Twinamatsiko Robert
Published: December 2024

Adequate chicken feed in terms of quantity and quality are foundations of successful chicken production. A cross sectional survey was conducted in 10 districts of Uganda. Data was collected on socio demographic characteristics, feedstuffs used in chicken feed production, seasonal availability of feedstuffs, mixing of feed stuffs, challenges faced in chicken production and perception of chicken producers and feed millers on feeds quality. Results revealed that 54.7% of the farmer respondents were female, while 62.7% of the feed miller respondenst were male. Broiler birds followed by layers and kroilers were the major type of chicken reaed by both groups of respondents. White maize and maize bran were the major energy sources while fishmeal was the main protein source in chicken diets. About 59.7% of the producers used commercially compounded feeds while 71.4 of the millers used self-compounded feeds. Gender significantly influenced methods used to check for quality, particularly asking fellow farmers (X2 = 4.01, P<0.0045). Education significantly influenced the understanding of good quality feed among the farmers. Farmers that had attained a high level of education, understood quality as no foul smell (X2=9.72, P<0.017). Unstable prices and low quality of feeds and feed ingredients were the major feeds challenges faced by the respondents. Organoleptic tests and farmer peer-to-peer information sharing were the major methods used to check the quality of feeds. Quality chicken feed meant different things to producers and millers. Both producers and millers were aware of Feed and feed ingredients adulteration.
The analysis of molten salt energy storage mode with multiple steam sources heating in thermal power unit peaking operation
Authors: Lin-kui FENG , Ke LU , Yao-fei FENG , WANG Ping , Kai ZHAO , Zhi-de GU , Yan-nan REN , Sheng-lu XIE
Published: December 2024

A 350MW cogeneration unit is used as research object in molten salt energy storage which is characterized by energy mobility, combined with steam grade, steam split ratio, the evaluation indicators such as peaking load, thermal efficiency, equivalent round-trip efficiency and integrated coal consumption were analyzed and studied under the energy storage-releasing strategy with single-steam source and multi-steam source heating. The thermoelectric characteristic curve of the unit under the energy storage-releasing stage is obtained according to the storage-releasing characteristics of the molten salt system. The analysis results show that under the heat storage mode, the same peaking depth can be basically achieved under the single-steam-source and multi-steam-source heating strategy, the thermal efficiency is higher under the multi-steam source heating strategy, peaking depth is enhanced by increasing the steam split ratio; under the heat releasing mode with a certain amount of heat releasing, the peaking capacity is greatest when the heat releasing steam is cold re-steam.
Computational insights into exploring the potential effects of environmental contaminants on human health
Authors: Cao Fuyan , Zhao Xinyue , Fu Xueqi , Jin Yue
Published: December 2024

The rise in human activity has intensified environmental pollution, posing a global public health challenge. Understanding the intricate mechanisms by which pollutants impact health is crucial. Traditional research, often limited to specific techniques and short-term exposures, fails to capture the full complexity of these interactions. This study integrates machine-learning, quantum chemical computing, physicochemical properties, target prediction, KEGG and GO pathway analyses and survival analysis to examine the effects of air and water pollutants on human health. We chose knowledge-guided pre-trained graph transformer (KPGT) framework with an AUC of 0.83 knowledge bootstrap to predict the carcinogenic potential of pollutants and clustered environmental pollutants into seven different groups. For each group, quantum chemical and physicochemical properties, target prediction, KEGG and GO pathway analyses further revealed links between pollutants and cancer-related factors, such as MicroRNA, PD-L1, the PD-1 checkpoint pathway, and HIF-1 signaling. Survival analysis identified key proteins associated with poor cancer prognosis. These findings provide insights into the complex effects of pollutants on health and contribute to public health research.
Thio-modified trianglimines, a novel group of chiral macrocyclic compounds of high structural dynamics
Authors: Prusinowska Natalia , Czapik Agnieszka , Szymkowiak Joanna , Kwit Marcin
Published: December 2024

The embellishing of the macrocycle core with sulfur substituents of varied sterical requirements changes the structural dynamics of chiral, triangular polyimines. Despite their formal high symmetry, these compounds adopt diverse conformations, in which the macrocycle core represents a non-changeable unit. DFT calculations reveal that the mutual arrangement of sulfur-containing substituents is controlled mainly by sterical interactions. The presence of sulfur atoms affects the chiroptical properties of these compounds and causes a red shift of respective absorption bands compared to the basic trianglimine. Unexpectedly, the aromatic fragments attached to the sulfur atom have less impact on ECD spectra, visible only in particular spectral regions. Such a possibility to adapt various conformations is also seen in the crystalline phase; however, a stiff basic unit – the triangular macrocycle core – caused macrocycles' self-assembly into columnar-like aggregates. In the crystal lattice, around the macrocycle having bulky SCPh3 groups, a space filled with solvent is formed; however, the macrocycle's internal cavity is closed and unavailable for guest molecules. Titration of the solutions of basic SBn-substituted imine and amine macrocycles by AgOTf results in significant changes in the ECD spectra, confirming possible binding interactions between macrocycle and metal cations.
Biologically inspired energy-balanced clustering routing optimization for wireless sensor network
Authors: Xu Mengying , Zu Yunxiao , Zhou Jie
Published: December 2024

A key challenge in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the clustering routing issue, which has been identified as NP-hard. Since the power supply of sensors is limited and the security of network cannot be guaranteed, determining how to optimize a secure clustering routing scheme becomes a significant and challenging task. This paper introduces a novel bio-inspired energy-balanced secure clustering routing (BESCR) algorithm, which can markedly extend network lifespan, vigorously improve security, significantly reduce transmission delay, and maintain balanced energy consumption across nodes. Moreover, a secure clustering routing model based on trust mechanism is introduced, alongside an objective function that considers intra-cluster distance, base station distance, delay, trust value, and node residual energy, making the clustering routing scheme more secure and efficient. What's more, BESCR algorithm incorporates artificial bee colony optimization, chaos generator and genetic mutation operator, which can greatly raise the convergence speed, and reduce the risk of local optima. Simulation results show that BESCR effectively increases the network lifetime, reduces the delay, improves the security, and balances energy costs of nodes.
A pilot investigation of bovine schistosomiasis on Unguja Island, Zanzibar raises a new concern for elimination of urogenital schistosomiasis
Authors: Ame Shaali , Juma Othman , Juhász Alexandra , Ali Mtumweni , Suleiman Talib S. , Gobert Geoffrey N. , Cunningham Lucas J. , Cawley Abigail , Atkins Lilly , Jones Sam , LaCourse E. James , Kabole Fatma , Stothard John Russell
Published: December 2024

Our pilot parasitological investigation of cattle, supplemented with molecular DNA characterisation of encountered schistosomes, sheds first light upon bovine schistosomiasis on Unguja Island, Zanzibar. During February 2024, a total of 99 cattle were examined. Of these, 47 were exported animals from the Tanzanian mainland, designated for slaughter at two governmental abattoirs (Kisakasaka & Muwanda), and 52 were free-grazing animals sampled from four grazing locations within the island’s North and Central regions. Upon visual inspection of 31 cattle carcasses at Kisakasaka for adult worms, prevalence of schistosomiasis was 51.6%, whereas upon faecal miracidia hatching test (MHT) was 80.6%. At Muwanda, only faecal MHT was used, finding a much lower prevalence of 12.5%. In free-grazing animals, prevalence of schistosomiasis by MHT was 0.0%. At Muwanda the animal quarantine paddock was in disrepair, inclusive of a large pond now acting as a watering point. Here, numerous Bulinus forskalii sp. were found. Whilst no snails were observed to shed schistosome cercariae, molecular xenomonitoring did detect a pre-patent infection prevalence of 10.8%, with Schistosoma bovis firmly incriminated. Molecular DNA characterisation of adult schistosomes (n = 19) by real-time PCR and high resolution melt profiling, alongside DNA sequencing, also identified S. bovis although two worms were putative S. bovis-S. mattheei hybrids. Atypical intrauterine eggs of S. bovis were noted upon microscopy of a worm pair. A broader screen of 92 miracidia confirmed S. bovis and 3 miracidia as S. bovis-S. mattheei hybrids. Contrasting with Pemba Island, Zanzibar, where autochthonous transmission of S. bovis can occur, bovine schistosomiasis on Unguja Island currently appears restricted to imported animals alone. However, the seminal detection of putative S. bovis-mattheei hybrids, alongside the current inadequate quarantine facilities at Muwanda, raises a new concern that such hybrid schistosomes may escape and enter the island’s hinterland. Should this happen, surveillance and control of urogenital schistosomiasis on Unguja would be compromised and further complicated. We therefore strongly recommend immediate repair and improved maintenance of governmental animal quarantine facilities. Future epidemiological surveys of imported cattle are now well-justified, not only to better understand the full repertoire of hybrid schistosomes present but also to develop appropriate mitigating interventions.
Health Provider Burnout and Retention in Military Health Service
Authors: Olapeju Bolanle , Mushtaq Omar , Johnson-Boua Kimberly , Riegleman David , Hemmer Paul , Chang Hanna , Durning Steven J , Soh Michael
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The Military Health System has over 700 facilities across the world serving 9.6 million beneficiaries. Burnout negatively impacts the wellbeing of military physicians, potentially influencing both their practice of healthcare and retention in the military. This study explores the underlying mechanisms that drive military physician burnout and intended retention.
Methods
In 2023, researchers surveyed graduates from a military medical program and their contacts, using closed and open-ended questions. Researchers measured burnout using the mini-Z burnout scale, categorizing symptoms such as definite burnout, burnout symptoms that won’t go away, or feeling completely burned out. Applying logistic regression and marginal probability techniques, the researchers explored the relationship between burnout and retention (thinking of quitting job as a health provider, leaving the military after term of service and leaving before retirement). The researchers conducted a thematic analysis of open-ended data.
Results
More providers who were burned out (73%) than those who were not burned out (42%) expressed thoughts about leaving current job as a health provider. More providers who were burned out (72%) compared to colleagues were not burned out (41%) expressed that they were unlikely to remain in the military after term of service. Open-ended response data suggests that work environment largely motivated military health professionals their intention to leave their profession followed by infrastructure issues, compensation issues, and leadership concerns.
Conclusion
Policies should address military health professionals' well-being by improving work-life balance, creating supportive work environments, addressing technological concerns, and making larger bureaucratic efforts to achieve compensation parity.
Uncertainties related to the solar resource in the context of the Brazilian interconnected system
Authors: Santos Fabiano P. , Colombini Angelo C. , Ferreira Bruna C. , Tiepolo Gerson Maximo
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study is to investigate the probabilities of solar resource availability and the reliability of photovoltaic systems connected to Brazil's National Interconnected System (SIN). The research examines the uncertainties associated with these resources and their impact on the stability of the SIN. In order to achieve this, data science methods, including K-means clustering and empirical cumulative distribution curves (ECDF and ECCDF), were employed in order to conduct a comprehensive probabilistic analysis. The results indicate that, on a typical day, the probability of average monthly solar irradiation being less than 4,000 Wh/m².day is essentially zero, thereby reinforcing the reliability of the solar resource. Moreover, an examination of the data for August 15, 2023, revealed no notable correlation between the availability of the solar resource and the failure of the SIN. This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of renewable energy sources in Brazil and to the formulation of energy planning strategies that ensure the stability of the SIN in the context of the growing penetration of renewable sources.
Assessment of the level of implementation of infection prevention and control practices in district and regional hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Bakar Mohd , Nkinda Lilian , Matee Mecky , Msafiri Frank
Published: December 2024

Background
Strict adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) is the mainstay for preventing and controlling healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs), often caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. We used the World Health Organization IPC Assessment Framework (WHO IPCAF) to assess the level of implementation of IPC measures in 3 regional referral hospitals, 5 district hospitals, and 1 health center in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Results
The overall mean IPCAF score for the assessed facilities was 417 out of 800 points (IQR: 408.75–478.6). On average, there was no difference in the level of IPC implementation between Regional and District Hospitals, and both were at an intermediate level. The components that performed well were: CC8 (environment, materials, and equipment; 77.5, IQR 75–80), CC1 (IPC program; 70, IQR 65–70)), and CC2 (IPC guidelines; 75, IQR 75-77.5). CC5 (multi-modal strategies for IPC (60, IQR, 55-67.5) and CC7 (workload, bed occupancy, and staffing (55, IQR, 40–60) had moderate scores, while CC6 (monitoring and feedback (25, IQR 25-31.25), CC4 HCAI surveillance (30, IQR 22.5–50), and CC3 IPC education (40, IQR 35–55) scored lowly. The notable IPC gaps were i) inadequate IPC training programs and lack of surveillance systems and data on antimicrobial consumption, lack of adequate bed spacing (> 1 m), which was seen in all facilities and ii) majority of the facilities (77.8%) were not monitoring IPC indicators. All district healthcare facilities had low-capacity microbiology laboratories.
Conclusions
With the increasing incidence of hospital-associated multidrug-resistant infections and recent COVID-19, M-pox, Ebola, and Marburg outbreaks, there is an urgent need to address the challenges observed in key components hindering progress in the prevention and control of HCAIs. Based on our findings, special attention should be given to IPC education (CC3), strengthening HCAI surveillance systems (CC4), monitoring and feedback (CC6), and bed occupancy and staffing (CC7).
Estrogen receptor immunoexpression in the ovary of the rabbit after ovulation-inducing application of human chorionic gonadotropin
Authors: Abd-Elkareem Mahmoud , Alnasser Sulaiman Mohammed , Meshal Alotaibi , Khormi Mohsen A. , Alfattah Mohammed A.
Published: December 2024

Background
One of the most popular animal species in both animal husbandry and lab work is the rabbit. Consequently, there is a significant need to improve rabbit reproductive performance. Estrogens are responsible for regulating ovarian activities through binding to the estrogen receptors (ER). Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the immunoexpression of estrogen receptors alpha (ERA) and scanning electron microscopy on the rabbit ovary after induction of ovulation. To achieve this aim, thirteen healthy mature female New Zealand white rabbits (2.4 ± 0.1 Kg body weight and 4-5 months old) were induced to ovulate by intramuscular injection of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (50-70 IU). Ovaries were dissected immediately after slaughtering at 14 hr., 3, 7, and 18 days post-induction of ovulation. The samples were investigated by immunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscopy.
Results
Our results revealed that ER immunoexpression in the rabbit ovary 14 hr. after induction of ovulation showed strong ER immunoexpression in the ovarian surface epithelial cells and moderate ER immunoexpression in the thin layered ovulation stigma. The pre-ovulatory follicles expressed strong to moderate cytoplasmic and nuclear ER immunosignals in all cell types. The rabbit ovary 3-7 days after induction of ovulation showed strong to moderate ER immunoreactivity in all cell types of the corpus luteum (CL) and of the large antral follicles. The atretic antral follicles showed negative ER immunoexpression in the apoptotic granulosa cells and positive reaction in the proliferated theca interna cells and their surrounding endothelial cells of the blood vessels. The rabbit ovary 18 days after induction of ovulation showed regressed CL with negative cytoplasmic and nuclear ER immunoexpression in the regressed large lutein cells, and in the endothelial cells of the blood capillaries. In addition, moderate cytoplasmic and nuclear ER immunoexpression in the small lutein cells was observed.
At all our study periods, we observed that the primordial, primary, growing, and small antral follicles showed moderate cytoplasmic and nuclear ER immunoexpression. At the same time, the interstitial gland cells showed strong cytoplasmic and nuclear ER immunoexpression.
Conclusion
This work elucidates the role of ERA in the ovarian function (folliculogenesis, ovulation, luteinization) in rabbits which assists in improving the reproductive outcome of this animal. In addition, these findings are increasingly important for implementing a genetic improvement program and utilizing advanced reproductive techniques.
Integrating epigenome and sequence features for CTCF-mediated chromatin loop prediction using LightGBM
Authors: Yu Xiaojuan , Gu Xuedie , Lin Guoliang , Wei Tingchu , Min Wenwen , Murphy Robert W , Jia Yongkang , Yu Yang , Liu Lin , Zhou Wei , Luo Jing
Published: December 2024

Background
The three-dimensional structure of the human genome is folded to form many loops, which are involved in some critical structural chromatin proteins. The DNA binding protein ccctc-binding factor (CTCF) anchors the chromatin loop. Most anchoring loops of CTCF junctions have the same orientation verifying that CTCF’s directionality is inherited. The features that accurately distinguish long-range chromatin loops needs deeper exploration.
Results
Here, we present PC-Loop, a powerful machine learning framework based on LightGBM that predicts CTCF-mediated chromatin loops using PCLoop-epigenomics, PCLoop-sequences, and PCLoop-integration. Better performance in F1 score, Area under ROC curve (AUC), precision, and recall using cell lines GM12878, K562, HeLa-S3, and MSF7 demonstrated that PC-Loop outperformed Lollipop in predicting long-range chromatin loops. Thus, PC-Loop contributes to an understanding of how different proteins play roles in the formation of long-range chromatin loops and the role these proteins play in gene expression and disease control. We offer a novel approach to analyzing enhancer-promoter interactions through a comprehensive feature extraction process. By analyzing peak and signal value distributions within histone-bound protein transcription factors, we extract new biologically relevant features that capture enhancer and promoter dynamics across chromosomal domains. Unlike previous studies that focus solely on classification using machine learning models, our approach emphasizes the biological insights gained from the enhancer-promoter interactions. For example, we show how chromatin loops formed by CTCF and cohesion proteins play critical roles in gene regulation and disease treatment.
Conclusions
We provide a theoretical basis for improved disease risk management by uncovering the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Extracted features enable more accurate predictions and deeper biological interpretations, distinguishing our study from conventional methods.
Density Functional Theory Study of Hydrogen and Oxygen Reactions on NiO(100) and Ce doped NiO(100)
Authors: Yang Bing-Xing , Zhang Rong , Sun Yun-Jie
Published: December 2024

The reaction mechanism of H2 and O2, as well as the electronic properties of NiO(100) and Ce-doped NiO(100), have been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) with the inclusion of on-site Coulomb corrections (DFT + U). Results indicate that the reactions of H2 and O2 occur favorably on the reduced surfaces of both NiO(100) and Ce-doped NiO(100). However, once the oxygen vacancy on the reduced surface is filled, the activation energy for H2 reacting with lattice oxygen increases on both surfaces, with Ce-doped NiO(100) showing a lower activation energy of 1.64 eV compared to 3.16 eV on pure NiO(100). Charge analysis clearly reveals that Ce doping brings excess electrons localized at O atoms, which significantly increases the lattice oxygen activity. These results are of great significance for understanding the role of Ce in the surface structure of NiO (100).
Diffusion Models: Unlocking the “4 secrets” of High-quality Image Generation
Authors: Zhou Tao , zhang zhe , Zhang Mingzhe , Chai Wenwen , Xia Yong , Hu fuyuan
Published: December 2024

Diffusion Model (DM) is a hot topic in deep generative models, and it is widely applied in the image generation fields. In diffusion models, there are 4 main “secrets” that affect the generation high-quality image generation: constructing diffusion model, improving the sampling speed, designing diffusion process, and guiding diffusion models. However, how to construct the diffusion model? How to improve the sampling speed? How to design the diffusion process? How to guide diffusion models? These are critical to enhancing the performance of diffusion models. However, so far, most of the review papers are summarized from the application aspect, and the 4 key technologies of diffusion model are few. In response to the above issues, this paper summarizes 4 key technologies and 6 applications. The main innovative works are as following: Firstly, how to construct diffusion models? The basic principle of the diffusion model are summarized from 3 aspects: denoising diffusion probabilistic models, noise-conditioned score networks, and stochastic differential equations. Secondly, how to improve the sampling speed? Some key techniques for improving the sampling speed are summarized from 3 aspects: non-Markovian sampling, knowledge distillation, and discrete optimization. Thirdly, how to design the diffusion process? This paper summarizes how to design diffusion process from 3 aspects: Latent Space, diffusion process based on transformer and non-Euclidean space. Fourthly, how to guide diffusion models? This paper summarizes how to guide the diffusion model from 3 aspects: classifier guidance, classifier-free guidance, and multimodal guidance. Fifthly, the applications of diffusion models in various fields are discussed from 6 aspects: image fusion, medical image segmentation, image restoration, text-to-image generation, image super-resolution and text-to-video generation. Finally, this paper discusses the challenges faced by diffusion model in image generation, compares the diffusion model with other generation models, and looks forward to the future development direction of diffusion model. This paper systematically points out the "4 secrets" of diffusion models in the image generation fields, providing significant reference value for their research in this field.
Bronze Production and Lead Resource Circulation in the Yuhuangmiao Culture of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty
Authors: Zhou Tiancheng , Hong Meng , Zuo Jieyi , Zhang Wenrui , Li Yanxiang , Li Chengyuan
Published: December 2024

The Yuhuangmiao Culture, an important archaeological culture, distributed in northern Hebei, dates from the Middle Spring and Autumn period to the Middle Warring States period. It is regarded as a key representative example of the Late Bronze Age in northern China. This paper presents findings from a project conducted by the Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, which re-evaluated artifacts excavated artefacts from significant Yuhuangmiao sites, particularly the Manzigou Cemetery and the Paotaishan Cemetery. The study focused on various bronze samples, which underwent multiple analytical techniques, including metallurgical microscopy, ultra-deep field microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). These methods allowed for an in-depth analysis of bronze production of bronze and the origins of the lead materials used. The results indicate that the bronze artifacts from the Manzigou Cemetery display features akin to the Upper Xajiadian Culture during the early stages of the Yuhuangmiao Culture, although they still contain some copper arsenic. Interestingly, the lead sources differ from those in the Upper Xajiadian Culture. By the maturity phase of the Yuhuangmiao Culture, a casting system for a copper-tin-lead ternary alloy was established. However, there is no evidence of bronze production involving the complex copper-tin-arsenic-lead (and silver) coproducts typical of the Upper Xajiadian Culture, although signs of lead production are present. The evidence suggests that bronze production primarily utilized B lead, supplemented by C lead sources from the Central Plains. The influence of the Central Plains culture is particularly notable in the Paotaishan Cemetery from the Warring States period, where the varied lead materials demonstrate multiple sources highlight the substantial impact of Central Plains lead on local practices.
Crystal direction selection by ferroelastic writing
Authors: Peng Wei , Meng Wenjie , Kim Younji , Yoon Jiyong , Si Liang , Zhao Kesen , Dong Shuai , Hou Yubin , Xi Chuanying , Pi Li , Singh Aditya , Sanchez Ana , Beanland Richard , Noh Tae Won , Lu Qing-you , Lee Daesu , Alexe Marin
Published: December 2024

Crystals often have complex structural domains, lacking a general method to remove or deterministically control such local heterogeneity. The resulting heterogeneity in crystal orientations obscures our understanding of material properties and could reduce the reliability and performance of related applications. Here, using mechanical stress from an atomic force microscope tip, we demonstrate ferroelastic writing for deterministic and reversible control of local crystal orientations. By applying this to various oxide thin films, we realize twin-free single crystals and design specific crystal-orientation domain textures at the nanoscale. Furthermore, through magnetoelastic coupling, this approach could mechanically write and erase functional nanoscale magnetic textures unattainable by conventional methods. Thus, pure mechanical force emerges as a versatile means to control structural heterogeneity on demand and to program electronic and spintronic functionalities.
Crop residue harvest: a growing opportunity for greenhouse gas emissions abatement
Authors: Chiesa Tomas Della , Archontoulis Sotirios , Northrup Daniel , Abalos Diego , Shahid M. Rizwan , Chen Zengming , Venterea Rodney T. , Jin Virginia L. , Nafziger Emerson D. , Castellano J. Michael
Published: December 2024

Near-term commitments to net-zero greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) require the agriculture sector to reduce emissions and sequester CO2. Harvesting of crop residues can contribute to these goals; however, uncertainties about the effects on grain yield, non-CO2 GHGs, and soil health have led to questions about the potential benefits of residue harvest. Here, we show that the benefits of crop residue harvest are underestimated and growing because they do not account for increasing rates of crop residue production and attendant agronomic and environmental benefits of partial residue harvest. In North America, maize residue production is increasing by > 100 kg ha-1y-1. Partial residue harvest can increase yield by > 6% and reduce N2O emissions by > 30%. These benefits are greatest when residue harvest is paired with conservation tillage and grow with increasing residue production. A systems approach to residue harvest that integrates conservation agriculture practices can mitigate GHG emissions and promote farmer adoption.
Women Empowerment Index for Africa: Measuring the Different Dimensions
Authors: Taka Anjdilee , Ragoobur Verena Tandrayen
Published: December 2024

The study measures the state of women empowerment in sub Saharan Africa. Various dimensions of women empowerment are analysed in terms of social, economic, psychological, legal and political. The Women Empowerment Index (WEI) is built through a combination of 37 indicators. Using data for 26 countries from 2008 to 2020, the Arithmetic Mean and the principal component analysis methodology is adopted to produce a joint indicator of women empowerment for sub Saharan Africa. Countries are classified into different categories of women empowerment that is into those having low, medium, and high WEI. The outcomes show that women in most sub-Saharan African countries face several issues across the four dimensions due to reduced assets available to them and the high level of poverty within the societies. The study extends on the existing conceptual framework of Asaolu et al. (2018) by considering additional dimensions such as the psychological, legal, and political spheres of empowerment. The results are in line with the Global Gender Gap index and covers more dimensions of women empowerment. The research comes forward with specific policies to promote women empowerment across African countries.