bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mastering Entrepreneurship Education in Global Business
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: March 2017

This chapter aims to master entrepreneurship education in global business, thus illustrating the theoretical and practical overview of entrepreneurship education; entrepreneurship education and human capital; entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial self-efficacy; the significance of entrepreneurship education in global business; and the application of entrepreneurship education in global business. The potential of entrepreneurship education is meaningful for modern organizations that seek to provide suppliers and customers, increase business performance, establish competitiveness, and achieve consistent prosperity in global business. Thus, it is important for modern organizations to investigate their entrepreneurship education applications, create an educational plan to determine their practical accomplishments, and directly respond to entrepreneurship education needs of customers. The chapter argues that mastering entrepreneurship education has the potential to facilitate entrepreneurship education success and gain competitive advantage in global business.
The Emergence of Women Entrepreneurs and Communities of Practice within the Global Context
Authors: Tomos Florica , Clark Andre , Thurariaj Saraswathy , Balan Oana Cristina , Turner David
Published: March 2017

This chapter aims to explore the emergence of women entrepreneurs across the Globe. Moreover, the authors analyse the existent research and knowledge about Communities of Practice (CoPs) and information communication technologies (ICTs) and raise awareness of their role in supporting women entrepreneurs. The authors attempted systematic and unsystematic literature review to investigate the emergence of women entrepreneurs across the Globe and the role of Communities of Practice. There was an unprecedented increase in women entrepreneurship. Furthermore, the barriers faced by women entrepreneurs in the developed and the developing countries are slightly different. CoPs and networking play an important role for women's learning. The chapter widens the knowledge regarding Communities of Practice and their role in helping women entrepreneurs and is an original contribution to the research field of women entrepreneurship.
Il dibattito in Bioetica - Un nuovo limite per la ricerca sull’embrione umano? / The dabate in Bioethics – A new limit for human embryo research?
Authors: Moltisanti Dino
Published: March 2017

Non disponibile / Not available
Geology of the northern half of the Winter Lake supracrustal belt, Slave Province, Northwest Territories
Authors: Hrabi R B , Grant J W , Berclaz A , Duquette D , Villeneuve M
E
Published: March 2017

Mapping of the northern half of the Winter Lake supracrustal belt has confirmed the basic tectonostratigraphy developed in the southern half of the belt. Older felsic volcanic rocks occur at the base of supracrustal sequence. Units of komatiitic basalt continue
from the southern Winter Lake belt within the mafic volcanic sequence and are interpreted to form part of a komatiitic basalt-tholeiitic basalt volcanic assemblage. Two outcrops of well-preserved sheeted dykes with asymmetric cooling margins are present within the mafic volcanic sequence. A younger
package of felsic volcanic rocks, not present in the southern half of the belt, occurs between the mafic volcanic rocks and the turbiditic sedimentary rocks. Two major phases of folding and cleavage development are inferred to be primarily responsible for the present structural geometry of the
supracrustal rocks, with later near belt-parallel sinistral faults modifying this geometry.
Geology of the Sandhill Zn-Cu showing in the Gibson Lake area, District of Keewatin, Northwest Territories
Authors: Armitage A E , Miller A R , MacRae N D
Published: March 2017

The Gibson Lake area is underlain by a polydeformed amphibolite grade Archean sequence of mafic and felsic volcanic rocks, wacke with lesser arenite and minor oxide facies iron-formation, and orthogneiss. Proterozoic pyroxenite, gabbro, lamprophyre, and diabase
dykes are common. Stratabound Zn-Cu mineralization at the Sandhill showing occurs within a concordant envelope of hydrothermally altered felsic tuff. Disseminated to massive, fine- to medium-grained sphalerite occurs as multiple bands (4 mm to 8 cm wide) associated with
muscovite+pyrite+gahnite+staurolite+garnet-bearing assemblages, and within quartz veins as coarse grained, discontinuous blebs, associated with fine grained, disseminated chalcopyrite. The Sandhill showing is approximately 1400 m long and as much as 70 m wide, however the associated alteration
assemblage persists eastward along strike for 12 km. A possible second, but discordant, alteration zone is inferred from brecciated and altered mafic and felsic volcanic rocks and a staurolite schist that lies structurally below the Sandhill zone.
Le bivalve dévonien Prosocoelus Keferstein, 1857 dans le nord-est de l'Amérique du Nord
Authors: Desbiens S
Published: March 2017

Four Lower Devonian species from eastern Canada and the United States show that the Rhenish bivalve Prosocoelus Keferstein, 1857 had reached the western part of the Iapetus Ocean. These four species are described and a new species, Prosocoelus undans sp. nov., is
established. Prosocoelus is assigned to the Carditidae Fleming, and the status of genus is given to Prosocoelogeton Quenstedt from Spitsbergen. The first North American occurrence of Prosocoelus is in Siegenian strata of the Torbrook Formation in Nova Scotia. The genus is also found in two Emsian
formations, the York River in Quebec and the Tomhegan in Maine. Other Rhenish bivalves are recognized in the York River Formation. The paleobiogeographic significance of these fossils is discussed.
New miocene fossil discoveries in the Skonun formation, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, and implications for basin stratigraphy and climate
Authors: White J M , Marincovich L , Higgs R
Published: March 2017

New mollusc and palynomorph collections from two horizontally bedded exposures of the Skonun Formation in the Queen Charlotte Islands are reported. The fossils include the bivalve Acila empirensis, previously unreported from the Islands, and indicate a latest
Miocene age for the sections. The sections are coeval, and probably younger than other Skonun Formation exposures, for which ages have been reported also based on molluscan collections. A cool-temperate marine environment is indicated for both the Collison Point and Yakoun River localities.
Sedimentology and molluscan paleoecology indicate that the depositional environment was tidal shelf. The arboreal pollen assemblage is dominated by Pinaceae, with a few exotic broadleaf genera, suggesting a climate cooler than that represented by the Middle and Late Miocene pollen assemblage from
the Tow Hill No. 1 well. It may also reflect the onset, in the Late Miocene, of the modern winter-wet, summer-dry climate. The uppermost palynological assemblages from the Tow Hill No. 1 well are considered to be older than the two sections reported here, and to be of Late Miocene, rather than Late
Miocene to ?Pliocene age.
Part II: economic analysis
Authors: Waghmare R R , Dallaire S M , Conn R F
Published: March 2017

Part II consists of an economic analysis of the undiscovered Triassic natural gas resources. Estimates are made of the relation between the plant-gate price of natural gas and the volume of economically recoverable undiscovered resources. Supply curves are
presented, with and without a fiscal burden, for full-cycle and half-cycle cases, and for a weighted case, which is an average of the full- and half-cycle results. The weighted case is regarded as the reference case in this study. In the weighted case, 106 m3 per cent of the volume of recoverable
gas is estimated to be economic at a price of $44.13 per 103 m3 ($1.25 per MCF), and 38 per cent at a price of $88.25 per 103 m3 ($2.50 per MCF). Prices are expressed in 1990 dollars. These percentages correspond to 8 per cent and 30 per cent, respectively, of the undiscovered initial gas-in-place
volumes estimated in Part I. Estimates of the volume of economic gas potential for the entire Triassic (established and conceptual plays) are 25 x 109 m3 (0.9 TCF) and 92 x109 m3 (3.3 TCF) at the two prices. Further analysis shows the sensitivities of economic potential to changes in total costs,
exploration success ratios, distances of discoveries to gathering systems, and resource estimates. Virtually all of the economically recoverable gas resources in the Triassic are found in four plays: the Halfway/Doig Shelf-Monias, Baldonnel Subcrop-Laprise, Halfway/Doig Shelf-Tommy Lakes, and
Halfway/Doig Shore-Sinclair.
Structural evolution of the Vizien and Kogaluc greenstone belts in Minto block, northeastern Superior Province, northern Quebec
Authors: Lin S , Percival J A , Winsky P A , Skulski T , Card K D
Published: March 2017

Structural analysis of the Vizien greenstone belt demonstrates five generations of ductile deformation (D1 to D5), as well as brittle faulting. D1 is indicated by the presence of a pre-D2 foliation. D2 is associated with a major shear zone with
northeast-over-southwest(?) dip-slip movement. It is responsible for the main penetrative foliation, axial planar to tight to isoclinal F2 folds. Map-scale open to tight folds are F3 and F4, with north-northwest- and east-trending axial planes, respectively. D5 is associated with dextral
transcurrent movement along a north-northwest-trending shear zone. A similar structural history is recognized in the Kogaluc area. The Kogaluc greenstone belt shows structural features similar to gold-mineralized breaks of the southern Superior Province. Map-scale doubly plunging (or proto-sheath)
folds of an iron formation unit in the northern Kogaluc belt may be a favourable structural trap.
Geological setting of Bode copper and Damp polymetallic prospects, central Great Bear magmatic zone, Northwest Territories
Authors: Gandhi S S , Prasad N
Published: March 2017

A dacite-rhyodacite assemblage containing some basalt, andesite, rhyolite and sedimentary rocks, underlies a 30 x 15 km area between Isabella and Longtom lakes. It is intruded by related porphyries and younger granitic plutons. The volcanic assemblage is
lithologically comparable with, and lies on the regional trend of, the LaBine Group 50 km to the north-northwest at Great Bear Lake, and belongs to the 1.87-1.84 Ga old Great Bear magmatic zone. The Bode copper prospect near Isabella Lake to the south is in an east-trending shear zone in dacite, and
contains pyrite-chalcopyrite aggregates and disseminations, with minor quartz and bornite. The Damp prospect at the northern tip of the assemblage is hosted by a breccia zone in rhyodacite, containing magnetite-hematite as matrix, and pyrite, chalcopyrite, cobalt-nickel sulphides and uraninite. It
is regarded as an example of an Olympic Dam-type deposit.
Basement geology and tectonic evolution of the Vancouver region
Authors: Monger J W H , Journeay J M
Published: March 2017

The Vancouver region is underlain by three different basements, which form the Coast Mountains to the north, the Vancouver Island Ranges to the west, and the Cascade Ranges to the southeast. These elevated areas are separated by Georgia Depression and Fraser
Lowland, low regions in which the Late Cretaceous and younger sedimentary cover is preserved. The basements contain much of the record of the crustal evolution of the region, which can be divided into three stages. (1) During the pre-accretion stage (>100 Ma), the crustal block forming
Vancouver Island and southwestern Coast Mountains was in uncertain paleogeographic relationship to the North American plate margin, and separated from it by basinal terranes in southeastern Coast Mountains. (2) The syn- and postaccretion stage (100-40 Ma) was initiated when the western block was
accreted to the plate margin, an event accompanied and followed by crustal thickening, uplift, and erosion centred in southeastern Coast Mountains. (3) During the last 40 million years, the continental Cascade magmatic arc formed on the North American plate margin above a subduction zone, the
surface trace of which was, and is west of Vancouver Island. The regional physiography, probably formed in the last 10 Ma, may be related to stress distribution in the plate margin and thermal expansion in the magmatic arc; it was also influenced by the basements, as topographic depressions coincide
with basement boundaries.
Middle tertiary eruptive rocks in the Vancouver area
Authors: Hamilton T S , Dostal J
Published: March 2017

Early Oligocene mafic volcanic rocks and related intrusions that cut sediments of the Burrard Formation in Vancouver are a minor component of the Paleogene Georgia-Bellingham basin, which straddles the international boundary between British Columbia and
Washington State. In the vicinity of Vancouver they occur as flows, breccias, tuffs, dykes, and sills observed in outcrops generally of limited extent, excavations, and boreholes drilled for hydrocarbon exploration or geotechnical purposes. Petrographically these rocks are aphyric to sparsely
porphyritic and may contain phenocrysts of plagioclase, olivine, augite, hornblende, and biotite. Chemically they are calc-alkali basalts and andesites and resemble early tertiary volcanics of the Northcraft and equivalent formations of the early western Cascades arc, and arc assemblages elsewhere.
These rocks delineate the western edge of the Cascade arc system in the Early Oligocene.
Geology of the central part of St. Mary's Basin, Nova Scotia
Authors: Murphy J B , Rice R J , Stokes T R , Keppie D F
Published: March 2017

The central portion of the St. Mary's Basin, Nova Scotia, straddles the Avalon-Meguma boundary and is underlain by Tournaisian fluviatile to lacustrine clastic rocks of the Horton Group. These rocks overlie Meguma basement and generally strike northeast to
east-northeast, face southeast, coarsen upward, thicken towards the southeastern margin of the basin and contain clasts of Meguma derivation. In the western portion of the study area, clastic rocks have a mixed provenance. Strike-slip motion between the Avalon and Meguma terranes resulted in
heterogeneous deformation prior to the deposition of the Windsor Group characterized by a variety of dextral kinematic indicators. The zone of greatest deformation occurs in lithologically incompetent units and transects the basin in a northeast-southwest direction where it is characterized by a
relatively intense, narrow (ca. 2 km) region of small-scale and regional tight to isoclinal folds, associated faults in the hinges of these folds and locally developed mylonitic fabrics.
A further note on the occurrence of beryl associated with southern Nova Scotia plutons
Authors: Currie K L , Whalen J B
Published: March 2017

Muscovite-tourmaline-garnet pegmatite associated with biotite-muscovite granodiorite to granite locally contains minor beryl. Biotite pegmatite associated with biotite tonalite does not contain beryl, but locally contains apatite prisms which resemble beryl. Host
rocks exhibit complex compositional variation suggestive of magma mixing and hybridization. These complexities are reflected in changes in composition of associated pegmatites. Swarms of pegmatite sills and dykes occur along compositional discontinuities such as pluton-host rock contacts, internal
compositional contacts, or contacts with mafic enclaves. This distribution, together with compositional variation of the pegmatites, and lack of evidence of a free hydrous phase, suggests formation by disequilibrium crystallisation of initially water-undersaturated magma.
Surficial geology and sedimentary processes, Skeena River delta, British Columbia
Authors: Conway K W , Bornhold B D , Barrie J V
Published: March 2017

The delta of the Skeena River has developed within a constricted, subdivided coastal setting strongly influenced by tides. The delta progrades into deep water at several discrete depocentres, separated by islands and shoals. Delivery of sand to the delta front by
tractive transport as bedload occurs to the north and south of Kennedy Island. Sediment moving as intertidal sand ridges and subtidal dunes is transported from river mouth bars to tidal flats and channels, and to the delta front proper. Slope failure of sediments from the delta front onto and down
the delta slope has resulted in the development of a 30-40 m thick, stacked sequence of channelized failure deposits. Interstitial gas is ubiquitous in both muddy prodelta and delta sediments and pockmarks are found in the southern part of the study area.
Swath bathymetric surveys in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia
Authors: Currie R G , Mosher D C
Published: March 2017

During October and November, 1994, a joint venture between three federal departments and private industry conducted swath bathymetric surveys over selected areas in the Strait of Georgia. This project was the first time this technology had been employed on the
west coast of Canada. Approximately 240 km2 of data were collected over five areas. Most areas surveyed were known from previous geophysical and geological investigations to contain significant evidence of sediment mass failures and other complex sedimentological features. Three of these areas
(Malaspina Strait, Sabine Channel, and southern Roberts Bank) are important electrical transmission cable corridors, through which power is brought to Vancouver Island from the mainland. Seafloor images based on swath bathymetric data provide an invaluable asset for geological interpretation, as
well as providing accurate and detailed slope angle and other morphological information for geotechnical assessments.
Definition of a mappable contact between the Willow Creek and Porcupine Hills formations, southern Porcupine Hills, Alberta: a conformable boundary
Authors: McMechan M E , Stockmal G S
Published: March 2017

Recent mapping of the Willow Creek - Porcupine Hills formational boundary in southern Alberta has prompted reassessment of the traditional definition of the contact. Field and well cutting observations suggest that the thickness and relative predominance of
sandstones should be the primary criterion for defining the Willow Creek - Porcupine Hills boundary, as at least one earlier worker proposed. In addition, examination of new, high-quality seismic reflection data across the Porcupine Hills indicates that this contact, which here is considered to be a
facies boundary, climbs stratigraphically from west to east. The contact in the southern Porcupine Hills appears to be conformable and diachronous, and not a regional unconformity as interpreted previously.
La commission géologique du Canada, d'hier à aujourd'hui
Authors:   Department of Energy, Mines and Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Since its inception in 1842, the Geological Survey of Canada's mandate to provide basic geoscientific knowledge about the country has remained the same, even as the frontiers of knowledge and scientific tools have evolved. This fast-paced video follows the GSC's
development and introduces viewers to exciting new research programs.
Islands in the midnight sun: the story of the Polar Continental Shelf Project
Authors:   Department of Energy, Mines and Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

The Polar Continental Shelf Project (PCSP) has provided logistics support for scientists working in Canada's High Arctic for over a quarter century. Using extraordinary Arctic footage, the video examines PCSP's origins, the challenges presented by Arctic
conditions, and current PCSP activities.
Lithoprobe, 40 km sous terre
Authors:   Department of Energy, Mines and Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Lithoprobe lets scientists study the Earth to an incredible depth of 40 kilometres below its surface. As a result we are gaining valuable new information about mineral resources, and the patterns which shaped, and are still shaping, the Earth. The video describes
this exciting new research and explains its economic and geological implications.
Les richesses minérales des provinces de l'Atlantique
Authors:   Department of Energy, Mines and Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Produced in conjunction with the Atlantic Geoscience Society, this video is an excellent introduction to the $2 billion mining industry of Atlantic Canada. The focus on how new mines are developed is complemented with a look at several mining
towns.
Geoscience mapping
Authors:   Department of Energy, Mines and Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

This video shows us how the study and applications of earth sciences make a valuable contribution to the development of our mineral resources.
Geological and geophysical investigations of ground ice in glaciofluvial deposits, Slave Province, District of Mackenzie, Northwest Territories
Authors: Wolfe S , Burgess M , Douma M , Hyde C , Robinson S
Published: March 2017

Geological and geophysical investigations are being conducted to determine the origin, occurrence, and regional distribution of ground ice in the Slave Province. Borehole data, stable isotope analysis, and porewater chemistry provide means of determining ground
ice origin. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) provides coverage of sedimentary structures, massive ice extent, and bedrock topography. In conjunction with Ohm-Mapper resistivity surveys, ground penetrating radar is an effective means of delineating massive ice.

Preliminary results from 1995 and 1996 suggest that ice in the BHP Airstrip esker was deposited contemporaneously with esker sediments and is interpreted as buried ice.

It is presently unclear if ground ice beneath the Carat Lake outwash terrace is intrasedimental ice or buried ground ice. Both are plausible given the geological history and sedimentology of the area. Additional drilling and sampling conducted in the summer of 1996 should provide a more definitive
conclusion.
Surficial geology of the Contwoyto Lake map area (north half), District of Mackenzie, Northwest Territories
Authors: Kerr D E , Wolfe S A , Dredge L A
Published: March 2017

Surficial geology mapping and till sampling in the Contwoyto Lake map area (76E, north half) provide regional baseline data for drift prospecting and integrated environmental assessment planning. Till blankets and veneers are the most widespread surficial
sediments, although hummocky till deposits also cover considerable area. Eskers, glaciofluvial outwash, and till can serve as potential aggregate resources, but may contain significant thicknesses of massive ground ice. Dominant glacial flow directions, corresponding to the last ice movement, range
from west-northwest to northwest south of Contwoyto Lake, and north-northwest to north-northeast north of the lake. Older northwest and southwest flows were also recorded. Effects of the earlier southwest ice flow on dispersal patterns of pebbles in till are evident because lithological
distributions strongly reflect the predominant northwest flow superimposed on a southwest flow. Geotechnical investigations should be conducted in all areas prior to any major development due to massive ground ice potential
Paleoproterozoic Ni-Cu-Co sulphide mineralization, Suluk occurrence, Gibson-MacQuoid Lake area, western Churchill Province, Northwest Territories
Authors: Armitage A E , Miller A R , MacRae N D
Published: March 2017

The recently discovered Ni-Cu-Co Suluk occurrence is interpreted to be Paleoproterozoic and represents the first recognition of a gabbro-associated magmatic sulphide deposit type in the Western Churchill Province. Archean tholeiitic metavolcanic rocks of the
Gibson-MacQuoid greenstone belt that host the occurrence were reworked during Paleoproterozoic thermotectonism. A recrystallized and altered composite gabbroic intrusion is spatially associated with and inferred to be genetically related to the nickel-copper occurrence. Massive sulphide is irregular
in form, concordant with the foliation in the enveloping tholeiitic metavolcanic rocks and is composed of massive nickeliferous pyrrhotite-pentlandite that contains abundant wallrock xenoliths. This magmatic nickel sulphide event in the Western Churchill Province is correlated with extensive mafic
magmatism and associated Ni-Cu-Co and Fe-Ti deposits, circa 2.2-1.9 Ga, in the Fennoscandian and eastern Baltic shields.
Preliminary results of mapping and structural interpretation from the Woodburn project, western Churchill Province, Northwest Territories
Authors: Zaleski E , Corrigan D , Kjarsgaard B
A , Jenner G A , Kerswill J
A , Henderson J R
Published: March 2017

Bedrock mapping of Archean quartzites, komatiites, iron-formation, and volcano- sedimentary rocks of the Woodburn Lake group shows that the stratigraphy has been modified by early deformation such that, pending geochronological constraints, the stratigraphic
sequence is not resolved. In the area of Third Portage Lake, gold-rich iron-formation has been affected by multiple phases of folding. To the north, the regional structure is dominated by F1 folds and high strain zones which could be related to imbrication and structural repetition of the
supracrustal sequence. The later phases of folding seen at Third Portage Lake are apparently manifested as minor folds and crenulations of the S1 axial planar schistosity. Intrusive rocks, including quartz-feldspar porphyry, diorite, and granite, vary from highly schistose and porphyroclastic to
massive, and could represent a range of ages and/or strain states.
Surficial mapping and Quaternary stratigraphic studies in the western Abitibi greenstone belt, Timmins, Ontario
Authors: Paulen R C , McClenaghan M B
Published: March 2017

The Quaternary stratigraphy of the Timmins area is complex and consists of, from bottom to top: older tills and associated sediments; Matheson Till; glaciolacustrine sediments of the Barlow-Ojibway Formation; Cochrane Till; and related glaciolacustrine sediments
of the North Driftwood Formation. Matheson Till was deposited during the Wisconsinan by ice flowing northwestward, westward, southward and finally southeastward. As the ice retreated, approximately 10 ka BP, the area was inundated by proglacial Lake Ojibway which deposited thick glaciolacustrine
sediments. At about 8 ka BP, advancing ice surged southward into glacial Lake Ojibway, incorporating the glaciolacustrine sediments and depositing Cochrane Till. The southernmost limit of this last ice flow event cuts across the study area but is poorly defined because it left no terminal landforms.
Massive silt to varved silt and clay were deposited on top of the Cochrane Till and is contemporaneous with the Connaught Sequence of the Barlow-Ojibway Formation south of the Cochrane limit.
Structural controls and age constraints on sulphide mineralization, southern Taltson magmatic zone, northeastern Alberta
Authors: McDonough M R
Published: March 2017

Northeastern Alberta is underlain by Precambrian rocks of the Taltson magmatic zone, a composite continental magmatic arc/collisional orogen developed between Rae craton (Archean) and the Buffalo Head terrane (Paleoproterozoic). Rutledge River basin (2.13-2.08
Ga) received pelitic/quartzitic sediments that probably covered the basement of the Taltson magmatic zone, and much of the western Rae Province, prior to Taltson magmatism (1.99-1.90 Ga). The basin was dismembered by the intrusion of Taltson plutons, and by development of a complex
northward-trending regime of early granulite facies, mainly sinistral strike-slip shearing and subordinate thrusting (ca. 1.93 Ga), and later greenschist facies brittle-ductile dextral and sinistral shearing (ca. 1.86-1.80 Ga).

The Taltson magmatic zone contains three types of sulphide mineral occurrences. The first type is stratiform pyrite-arsenopyrite-gold mineralization, initially developed within pelitic gneisses of Rutledge River basin, commonly within 100 m of the contact with the underlying basement. The second
type occurs in zones in which initial stratiform mineralization was subsequently remobilized within regions of greenschist grade deformation overprinting layer-parallel high-grade fabrics in pelitic gneisses. Gold values to 600 ppb and arsenic values to 3600 ppm were reported from these gneisses.
The third type is pyrite-pyrrhotite, copper-gold mineralization found in greenschist grade shear zones associated with sheared amphibolite gneisses, with copper values ranging to 900 ppm. 40Ar/39Ar dating of micas indicates a 1.86 to 1.80 Ga age for regional greenschist grade deformation. This is
inferred to be the time of recrystallization- reconcentration of mineralization in stratiform and shear zone-hosted occurrences.
Was Eocene magmatism widespread in the subsurface of southern Alberta? Evidence from new aeromagnetic anomaly data
Authors: Ross G M , Mariano J , Dumont R , Kjarsgaard B A , Teskey D
Published: March 2017

New, high-resolution aeromagnetic anomaly data acquired over the Phanerozoic Western Canada Sedimentary Basin and the underlying Archean Medicine Hat Block of southern Alberta reveal the presence of striking short wavelength anomalies that are clearly distinct
from longer wavelength anomalies from sources within the basement. The most dramatic anomalies comprise a series of northwest-striking, linear features, up to 30 km long, between the towns of Milk River and Lethbridge. A second, less prominent, set of north-northeast-trending anomalies occurs south
of the city of Medicine Hat. A ground magnetometer survey conducted over one of the anomalies south of Lethbridge indicated that the anomalies are real and cannot be attributed to cultural sources or are artifacts of the acquisition program. Modeling of the anomalies suggests that their source lies
within the sedimentary column at depths of about 250 m or less. The linear nature of the anomalies and their subparallel disposition in a swarm is similar to the aeromagnetic expression of mafic dyke swarms in the Canadian Shield. We believe that the southern Alberta anomalies represent dyke-like
igneous bodies and further hypothesize that they are correlative with mafic potassic dykes of Eocene age exposed in the Sweet Grass Hills of southern Alberta and northern Montana. If correct, this hypothesis implies that dyke emplacement and associated extension occurred over a broad region of
southern Alberta and may represent an eastward continuation of the association of Eocene alkaline magmatism and extension observed in the southern Canadian Cordillera. This may have important implications for understanding the formation of, and exploration for, hydrocarbon traps in the sedimentary
section formed by post-Cretaceous fault movement and development of fracture porosity.
Alluvial platinum-group minerals and gold in Alberta: results from the "Orientation Studies Project" and their significance to exploration
Authors: Ballantyne S B , Harris D C
Published: March 2017

This project characterizes heavy mineral concentrates (HMC), gold and platinum-group minerals (PGM) in modern river placer deposits and unconsolidated paleoplacer fluvial systems. Gold and PGM grains of 25 µm and larger were recovered consistently in the
field using washed/sieved material which was panned using a conical pan (metal batelle). Gold and PGM grains also were donated by individuals and mineral exploration companies. Gold morphology varies throughout the grain sizes examined (tens of micrometres to millimetres). Chemical composition
ranges from electrum to gold (550-950 fineness). Rivers draining the Mid-Cretaceous Shaftesbury Formation in northeastern Alberta contain pristine-shaped gold grains encrusted with Cu-Fe and Fe-sulphides. Edmonton district preglacial to interglacial Saskatchewan sands and gravels yielded alluvial
gold grains and pristine bacterial gold growths on paleoplacer gold substrates. Some homogeneous gold grains contain up to 14.1 wt.% Pt, 8.0 wt.% Pd, and 4.0 wt.% Ag. The most abundant PGM discrete phases are Pt-Fe and Os-Ir-Ru-Pt alloys, occurring as platelets, discs, rods, spheres and
crystals. Compositions of the Os-Ir-Ru-Pt alloys plot in the fields of osmium, iridium, ruthenium and rutheniridasmine: these alloys also commonly contain inclusions of chalcopyrite, bornite, osmium, PGM sulphides, tellurides or arsenides. Alluvial chrome spinels also recovered from HMC from central
Alberta have major and trace element compositions strongly supporting derivation from deep mantle sources. The occurrence of placer gold-PGM in gravels is uncommon worldwide; comparison to ore deposit settings globally may offer explanations.
Geology of the Babiche Mountain and Chinkeh Creek map areas, southeastern Yukon Territory and southwestern Northwest Territories
Authors: Currie L D , Kubli T E , McDonough M R , Hodder D N
Published: March 2017

Regional geological mapping at a scale of 1:50 000 in the Babiche Mountain and Chinkeh Creek map areas during 1997 marked the beginning of the multiyear Central Foreland Project. The stratigraphy and structural style of these and surrounding areas in the Fort
Liard-La Biche map areas (NTS 95B, C) will be compared with those of Trutch map area (NTS 94G).
The map pattern is controlled by broad, west-verging, detachment box folds of the Kotaneelee and La Biche anticline-syncline pairs.
Their sinuous traces are associated with shortening transferred via southeastward-stepping, en echelon folds. Many previously inferred faults do not exist.
Anticlines are cored by the Devonian to Lower Carboniferous Besa River and Lower Carboniferous Mattson formations, and flanked by Permian rocks of the informal Tika map unit (previously considered Mattson Formation) and Fantasque Formation. Synclines are filled with Cretaceous Fort St. John Group
strata.
Stratigraphic linkages across Vernon map area, British Columbia
Authors: Thompson R I , Daughtry K L
Published: March 2017

Jones' (1959) stratigraphic legend can be amended in the following ways: 1) map unit 13 is Triassic age and overlies map unit 15; 2) map unit 14 contains two volcanic successions, one of Permian age that underlies unit 15, and one of Triassic age that overlies
unit 13.
Time-stratigraphic correlation between Tsalkom-Sicamous-Eagle Bay formations; the Chapperon Group; and an amphibolitic schist-marble-quartzite map unit is indicated. These assemblages were metamorphosed and deformed prior to deposition of Permian strata.
Permian strata consist of two primary lithotypes þ volcanic rocks and limestone. The limestone is discontinuous, occurring as local build-ups within a mosaic of volcanic rocks.
Triassic strata consist of argillite, carbonaceous limestone, and volcanic rocks. They link the Slocan Formation on the east with the Nicola Formation on the west.
Alteration halos associated with mafic and ultramafic intrusions into Triassic argillite may represent mineral exploration targets.
New geophysical data from the Yahk map area, southeastern British Columbia - part of the East Kootenay multiparameter geophysical survey
Authors: Lowe C , Brown D A , Best M E , Woodfill R , Kennedy C
Published: March 2017

High-resolution electromagnetic, aeromagnetic, and gamma-ray spectrometric data were recently acquired in a 500 km² area in the Yahk map area (82F/1), southeastern British Columbia. An initial analysis of these data, coupled with brief ground follow-up
investigations, has led to the identification of previously unmapped Moyie sills, and shown that the orientation of an inferred fault in the Russell Creek area is more north-trending than previously thought. There are relatively few non-cultural finite electrical conductors identified in the Yahk
area. In addition, the lower Creston Formation is very magnetic here and faults are commonly associated with linear zones of steep magnetic gradient. Surficial sediments infilling some of the major drainages are conductive and magnetic and may have placer potential.
Early Miocene or younger normal faults and other Tertiary structures in west Nass River map area, northwest British Columbia, and adjacent parts of Alaska
Authors: Evenchick C A , Crawford M L , McNicoll V J , Currie L
D , O'Sullivan P B
Published: March 2017

Steeply dipping brittle faults which strike 350° cut early Tertiary and older rocks in the Coast Belt along, east of, and west of Portland Canal. The Big Dam Fault is a west-side-down brittle fault zone 2 km wide which cuts ca. 61-53 Ma granite. The Portland
Canal Fault is interpreted to have east-side-down displacement postdating 22 Ma, and possibly 5 Ma. Parallel faults in early Tertiary granite between northerly projections of the two faults are steeply east and west dipping, and extensional in nature. The Big Dam and Portland Canal faults are
assumed to be related to the other faults of similar character postdating the early Tertiary, and therefore extensional. The presence of these faults has implications for interpretation of ACCRETE seismic data, which were acquired in Portland Canal, along a transect which is coplanar with the
Portland Canal Fault for a distance of 20-50 km.
A new look at the Robb Lake carbonate-hosted lead-zinc deposit, northeastern British Columbia
Authors: Paradis S , Nelson J L , Zantvoort W
Published: March 2017

The Robb Lake Pb-Zn deposit occurs in platform carbonate rocks of the Silurian-Devonian Muncho and McConnell formations, northeastern British Columbia. It consists of approximately 19 known stratabound lead-zinc showings hosted by interconnected bedding-parallel
and crosscutting breccia bodies in as much as 200 m of stratigraphic sequence. The main sulphide minerals are sphalerite, galena, and pyrite. Not all the breccias are mineralized. The favorable mineralized sections form a broad stratabound zone occupying the upper 200 m of the lower unit of the
Muncho and McConnell formations and the lower 130 m of upper unit of the Muncho and McConnell formations. The origin and timing of brecciation and mineralization are unknown and will be the subjects of future studies.
Upper Triassic (Rhaetian) debris-flow deposits in the Sandilands Formation, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia
Authors: Haggart J W , Orchard M J
Published: March 2017

Disrupted sedimentary-breccia deposits found locally within the Sandilands Formation of Queen Charlotte Islands are interpreted as debris-flow deposits, conformable within the stratigraphic succession of the formation. Similar conodont faunas have been obtained
from strata in undeformed sedimentary blocks in the breccia deposits as well as from underlying, normally stratified beds, and are of Rhaetian (Late Triassic) age. This evidence indicates that slope failure and downslope transport of Rhaetian sedimentary clasts occurred after significant
lithification of sediments had taken place. This is the first evidence of Rhaetian debris-flow deposits within the Sandilands Formation of Queen Charlotte Islands, although similar deposits are known from Vancouver Island. They may be genetically related to volcanic events in the terminal
Triassic.
Transition from Neoproterozoic to Triassic stratigraphy, Silver Star Mountain, Vernon map area, British Columbia
Authors: Unterschutz J , Erdmer P , Thompson R I , Daughtry K L
Published: March 2017

Rocks of the Neoproterozoic Silver Creek Formation, rocks possibly correlating with the Lower Paleozoic Tsalkom, Sicamous, and Eagle Bay formations and referred to here as the `middle unit', and rocks potentially correlating with the Triassic Nicola Group form
part of a complex fold structure north of Vernon, British Columbia.
The boundary between ancestral North America and what is thought to be the accreted Quesnel Terrane traverses the area. In the south, this boundary separates staurolite- and andalusite-bearing Triassic strata from underlying sillimanite-bearing schist of the Silver Creek Formation. Detailed mapping
revealed that the contact may be transposed depositionally (i.e. stratigraphic). In the north, amphibolite-grade rocks with inferred upper and lower stratigraphic contacts separate Neoproterozoic from Triassic rocks. There is no evidence of a tectonic contact between any of the mapped
units.
Stratigraphy and paleogeography of the Paleoproterozoic Baker Lake Group in the eastern Baker Lake basin, Northwest Territories (Nunavut)
Authors: Rainbird R H , Hadlari T , Donaldson J
A
Published: March 2017

In this paper we subdivide the Paleoproterozoic South Channel and Kazan formations of eastern Baker Lake basin into four lithofacies assemblages that define a gradational continuum between coarse, proximal, alluvial fan deposits and distal, floodplain playa
deposits. Facies distribution, sedimentology, and paleocurrents indicate that alluvium was derived from highlands to the east; coarse conglomerates came mainly from adjacent granulite and anorthosite of the Kramanituar complex; finer grained strata were derived from a granitic source farther to the
east. Soft-sediment deformation and sedimentary breccia in the Kazan Formation and irregular contact relationships with subaerial alkalic volcanic rocks of the overlying Christopher Island Formation suggest that explosive volcanism interrupted alluvial sedimentation in eastern Baker Lake basin.
Sedimentation style, asymmetric distribution of facies, possible basin margin growth faults, and association with volcanism collectively suggest that Baker Lake basin formed in a transtensional or continental rift setting.
Geology of the central Wabigoon region in the Sturgeon Lake-Obonga Lake corridor, Ontario
Authors: Percival J A , Castonguay S , Whalen J B , Brown J
L , McNicoll V , Harris J R
Published: March 2017

Plutonic rocks, older gneiss units, and supracrustal remnants occur as kilometre-scale sheets in the northern part of the Sturgeon-Obonga corridor and are separated from large, homogeneous tonalite and granodiorite plutons to the south by the Gunter Lake and
Brightsand River shear zones. A common structural chronology characterizes both areas; S1 gneissosity and F2 folds (>2.715 Ga) occur in tonalite gneiss units; penetrative S3 foliation, equivalent to S1 in adjacent greenstone belts, is carried by most plutonic units and is folded into
tight, upright, gently east-plunging F4 folds. Complexly deformed tonalitic gneiss units occur in the vicinity of quartz- rich sedimentary rocks of the Sturgeon belt margin and could represent depositional basement. Geochemically, most plutonic units have tonalite-trondhjemite- granodiorite
affinities, with pronounced negative Nb and Ti anomalies, suggesting derivation in an island- or continental-arc setting.
Sedimentology of gas hydrate host strata from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well
Authors: Jenner K A , Dallimore S R , Clark I D , Paré D , Medioli B E
Published: March 2017

A detailed sedimentological program has been conducted on gas-hydrate-bearing core samples from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well. Three structurally and texturally distinct sedimentary facies are identified. Facies Csc (952.2-926.5 m) is
a weakly bioturbated, clayey silt interbedded with fissile coal and silty sand. Facies Sg (926.5-908.5 m) is comprised of interbedded, fining-upward successions of matrix-supported gravel to pebbly sand and fine sand. A dolomite-cemented sandstone (926.5-925 m) forms a distinct basal subfacies
(Sst). Facies Ss (908.5-886.2 m) is a fine- to medium-grained sand interbedded with gravel which fines upward to fine-grained sand with a gradational increase in silt content. The Kugmallit-Mackenzie Bay sequence boundary is interpreted to occur at the base of facies Sg. In situ and self-preserved
gas hydrate occurred mainly in the sands and gravels of the Sg and Ss facies. The dolomite-cemented sandstone (subfacies Sst) may be related to complementary geochemical environments resulting from the formation of authigenic pyrite and solute exclusion related to gas hydrate growth within facies
Sg.
Palynology, age, and paleoenvironmental interpretations from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well
Authors: White J M
Published: March 2017

The JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well was drilled in 1998 to investigate the geological, geochemical, geophysical, and engineering properties of a gas hydrate accumulation previously identified in the Mallik L-38 well. Palynological analysis
of core and cuttings from 670 m to 1150 m (TD) are reported here. Detailed quantitative analysis has been done on the 886-952 m cored interval that hosts the main gas hydrate accumulation. The pollen and spore evidence suggests the following biostratigraphic subdivisions for the 670-1150 m
succession: 670-785 m, Late Miocene or older; 775-897 m, within the range of Early Miocene to Late Eocene; 897-930 m, probably Late Eocene; 930-995 m, Late Eocene; and 995-1151 m within the range Early to Middle Eocene. Below 930 m the rocks are best assigned to the Richards and upper Taglu
sequences. A dominantly continental succession is indicated, with a marginal marine and/or estuarine episode between about 945 m and 948 m, in the Late Eocene. The dinoflagellates in this interval are considered to be indigenous to the sampled rock. There is evidence of two episodes of
edaphic-climatic dryness in the Late Eocene and probable Late Eocene.
Estimating in situ gas hydrate saturation from core temperature observations, JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well
Authors: Wright J F , Taylor A E , Dallimore S R , Nixon F M
Published: March 2017

During drilling of the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well, core temperatures were measured immediately upon recovery in the core-logging trailer. Gas-hydrate-bearing cores were typically frozen, with temperatures as much as 6°C lower than
cores containing no gas hydrate. This temperature depression is attributed to the endothermic dissociation of gas hydrate during uphole tripping, and can be used to estimate minimum in situ gas hydrate saturation.

Numerical modelling of heat exchange between core and circulating mud during tripping demonstrates that cores cool to mud temperature before leaving the methane hydrate P-T stability field. Simple arguments support the hypothesis that the endothermic heat of gas hydrate dissociation is supplied
largely by the release of latent heat during coincident freezing of pore waters. Assuming minimal heat exchange with circulating mud, energy-balance calculations yield estimates of the quantity of gas hydrate lost to dissociation during recovery. These estimates are comparable to the in situ gas
hydrate concentrations inferred from downhole geophysical logs.
Petrophysical environment of sediments hosting gas hydrate, JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well
Authors: Katsube T J , Dallimore S R , Uchida T , Jenner K A , Collett T S , Connell S
Published: March 2017

A petrophysical study has been performed on mudstone and sandstone samples from depths of 880-950 m to determine the petrophysical controls on gas hydrate distribution in the sedimentary sequence at the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 well site, Northwest
Territories, Canada. Within the cored interval of the Mallik 2L-38 well gas hydrate is hosted in two sandstone horizons with overlying and underlying mudstone horizons, with minor gas hydrate concentrations within some mudstone formations.

Results indicate that, although the interbedded mudstone units have relatively high porosities (24-30%) and are at relatively shallow depths, they have a well developed framework-supported texture, probably due to high silt and sand content (56-78 weight per cent), and a maximum burial depth
greater than present. Regardless of this, the minor matrix content (13-25 weight per cent) controls the fluid transport characteristics, resulting in extremely low mudstone permeability sections (2x10-21 m to 2x10-19 m2). There are indications that these low permeabilities and the storage pore sizes
contribute to the gas hydrate distribution.