bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Możliwości eksportowania przez polskie przedsiębiorstwa na rynki wybranych krajów Afryki Subsaharyjskiej
Authors: Grottel Monika , Sperska Anna
Published: July 2021

W artykule podjęto próbę przybliżenia możliwości, przed jakimi stoją polskie przedsiębiorstwa planujące ekspansję zagraniczną i eksport na rynki krajów Afryki Subsaharyjskiej. Z analizy wybranych obszarów gospodarczo-społecznych krajów subsaharyjskich wynika, że mimo dużego zróżnicowania oraz utrzymującej się niestabilności politycznej, społecznej i gospodarczej rozwój gospodarczy tego regionu postępuje w szybkim tempie. Zdaniem ekspertów rynki ASS to rynki obiecujące, które w ciągu dekady staną się atrakcyjnym pod względem gospodarczym regionem świata, a w niedalekiej przyszłości wyprzedzą gospodarki BRICS i będą napędzać wzrost gospodarczy na świecie.
Po przeanalizowaniu polskiego eksportu do krajów ASS można stwierdzić, że polskie przedsiębiorstwa nie wykorzystują potencjału eksportowego na rynki tego regionu. Autorki tekstu wskazują główne przyczyny takiego stanu rzeczy oraz formułują zalecenia dotyczące eksportu do krajów ASS. W zaleceniach zwrócono szczególną uwagę na konieczność odpowiedniego przygotowania strategii eksportowej, a następnie procesu eksportowego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem różnic kulturowych. Ponadto scharakteryzowano obszary obarczone największym ryzykiem, będące jednocześnie obszarami kluczowymi, stanowiącymi o powodzeniu ekspansji eksportowej na rynki Afryki Subsaharyjskiej.
Modalidades de contacto en el desarrollo del vínculo de pareja
Authors:   , Anchante Bertinetti Litzzie Berniz
Published: July 2021

En la presente investigación se analizaron las modalidades de contacto presencial y virtual en el desarrollo de vínculo de pareja en la sociedad limeña, con esta finalidad se empleó el modelo teórico de Diaz-Loving para describir la etapa en donde cada participante se encontraba. Se utilizó el método cualitativo, con un diseño fenomenológico; los participantes pertenecían al grupo etario de 19 a 26 años y el instrumento de recolección de información fue la entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados fueron agrupados en tres categorías: el desarrollo inicial del vínculo, la conquista y el compromiso en la pareja, y la reestructuración del vínculo de pareja. Finalmente, el análisis concluyó que la modalidad de contacto virtual va a intentar aproximarse cada vez más a la modalidad presencial para lograr, dentro de lo posible, que no exista ninguna diferencia en el desarrollo del vínculo entre ambas modalidades.
Niveles de calidad percibidos del servicio en restaurantes de comida rápida de usuarios entre 18 a 35 años de los NSE A, B y C que residen en la zona 7 de Lima Metropolitana en el año 2019
Authors:   , Polar Ruiz Fiorella Alessandra , Tomas Mariño Yajaira Fabiola
Published: July 2021

Esta investigación surge a raíz de considerar que el principal factor que el cliente evalúa en cuanto a su experiencia percibida y a la vez la valida, es la calidad de servicio en los autoservicios de comida rápida tales como KFC, Burger King, Mc Donald´s, Popeyes, Domino’s Pizza, entre otros. Para poder realizar esta investigación empezamos nuestro proceso de búsqueda de papers relacionados al tema, encontrando una investigación realizada en Mérida, Venezuela que tiene como título: “Niveles de calidad del servicio de comida rápida según las características de los usuarios”, realizada por el Municipio Libertador del estado Mérida, Venezuela, la que se usó como guía para poder adaptar esta investigación a Lima Metropolitana. El objetivo de esta investigación es comparar los niveles de calidad de servicio a través de cinco dimensiones que son: Tangibilidad, Fiabilidad, Capacidad de respuesta, Garantía o seguridad y Empatía en usuarios de comida rápida entre 18 a 35 años que residan en la zona 7 de Lima Metropolitana y pertenecen a los niveles socioeconómicos A, B y C, durante el año 2019. Para el desarrollo de la investigación, se ha dividido a los consumidores en diversos grupos de acuerdo a sus características. Para la ejecución del trabajo fue necesario adaptar el tipo de encuesta que se estaba usando en el paper guía (DINESERV) a una encuesta en escala de Likert, el que será detallado a profundidad en los siguientes capítulos de este estudio, ya que se trata de un tipo de encuesta sencilla de responder por el usuario y, por lo tanto, de mayor practicidad en la interpretación de resultados. Finalmente, afirmamos que este trabajo se consolida como un apoyo para que los autoservicios entiendan mejor las necesidades de sus consumidores, de acuerdo a sus características y a las cinco dimensiones mencionadas anteriormente (Tangibilidad, Fiabilidad, Capacidad de respuesta, Garantía o seguridad y Empatía).
Análisis y propuesta de mejora de El quechua en la función policial: manual para el empleo del quechua en las comisarías a partir de discursos teóricos sobre la interpretación comunitaria y la interculturalidad
Authors:   , Accinelli Ruiz Lucciano , Loayza Galindo Cristina Lucia , Ruiz Cabrera Leslie Marthina Rocio
Published: July 2021

Diversas iniciativas desde el Estado y la sociedad civil proponen el uso de herramientas para asegurar los derechos lingüísticos de los hablantes de lenguas originarias en el Perú. Este estudio cualitativo analiza El quechua en la función policial: Manual para el empleo del quechua en las comisarías, herramienta diseñada por Wilfredo Ardito y Gavina Córdova para facilitar el servicio que brinda la Policía Nacional del Perú (PNP) en contextos plurilingües. El objetivo principal del estudio es identificar en qué medida la teoría sobre traducción e interpretación como mediación lingüística se reflejan en el manual, entendido como un material para formar mediadores lingüísticos. De esta manera, se identifica y analiza los principales alcances y limitaciones del desarrollo y contenido del manual, y se proponen estrategias de mejoras. Para ello, se analizó el contenido del manual y se entrevistó a los autores; finalmente, se compararon los resultados con los discursos teóricos sobre interpretación comunitaria e interculturalidad. La investigación concluye que la interpretación comunitaria aún no es percibida por el Estado ni por la sociedad como la respuesta al reto de la comunicación intercultural, a pesar de que existe un marco normativo que respalda su uso. Esto se refleja en el manual y la ausencia de habilidades de interpretación, interpersonales y técnicas. Por lo tanto, se plantea un modelo de mejora que presenta recomendaciones basadas en un diálogo con teorías de la interpretación e interculturalidad aplicables al contexto peruano.
El proceso del control interno y su impacto en la rentabilidad en los estados financieros de las medianas empresas del sector de fabricación de productos metálicos en Villa el Salvador, al 2019
Authors:   , Cumpa Rivera Karen Giovanna , Yepez Gomez Angie Paola
Published: July 2021

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo demostrar que la aplicación de procesos de control interno tiene un impacto significativo en la rentabilidad en los estados financieros de las medianas empresas del sector de fabricación de productos metálicos en Villa el Salvador, al 2019. Para el desarrollo del presente trabajo de investigación, se realizó una metodología de tipo mixta, es decir, investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa. Para la investigación cuantitativa se utilizó la encuesta como procedimiento para la recopilación de información de 20 medianas empresas ubicadas en el distrito de Villa el Salvador. Asimismo, para la investigación cualitativa, se realizó 3 entrevistas a empresas que cuentan con más de 20 años en el sector y 3 entrevistas a auditores quienes cuentan con experiencia en el rubro de manufacturas metalmecánica. Por otro lado, se realizó un caso aplicativo donde se procede a evaluar si el proceso del control interno tiene un impacto significativo en la rentabilidad en los estados financieros de las medianas empresas del sector de fabricación de productos metálicos en Villa el Salvador. Los resultados obtenidos de la investigación evidencian que solo existe un impacto significativo al implementar controles internos en la rentabilidad en los estados financieros de las medianas empresas del sector de fabricación de productos metálicos en Villa el Salvador. Finalmente, basado en el trabajo de campo y los resultados analizados se concluye que para las empresas del sector en estudio no tiene un impacto significativo aplicar procesos de control para incrementar su rentabilidad.
ISO 31000:2018 Sistemas de Gestión de Riesgos y su impacto financiero en las empresas del sector comercio que importan vehículos nuevos y usados de Lima Metropolitana para el año 2019
Authors:   , Flores Cabanillas Malena Milagros , Zapata Larios Sergio Fernando
Published: July 2021

La finalidad de este trabajo de investigación es determinar el impacto de la ISO 31000:2018 Sistema de Gestión de Riesgo en las finanzas de las empresas importadoras del Sector Comercio de Lima Metropolitana al año 2019. El presente trabajo cuenta con el marco teórico basado en fuentes académicas y de relevancia en los temas de ISO 31000:2018, COSO ERM 2017, Gestión de riesgos, impacto financiero y sector comercio. Al realizar la investigación se utilizó la metodología de investigación mixta que posee un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. Para el desarrollo del enfoque cualitativo se realizaron dieciséis preguntas con base en los objetivos planteados en la matriz de consistencia, las cuales fueron necesarias para utilizar la herramienta de la entrevista a profundidad a expertos relevantes en los temas de gestión de riesgo. Para el desarrollo del enfoque cuantitativo se elaboró un cuestionario de diecisiete preguntas y se utilizó la herramienta de la encuesta para la recopilación de datos. Las encuestas fueron enviadas a empresas del sector comercio que importan autos nuevos y usados, que se ubiquen en Lima Metropolitana. Los resultados de la investigación demuestran que la ISO 31000:2018 genera un impacto financiero en las empresas; sin embargo, no solo se enfoca en los indicadores financieros, sino en la gestión operativa de las empresas. La sinergia de cada área funcional de la empresa contribuye con el cumplimiento de los objetivos propuesto en un determinado periodo de tiempo. Por último, se elaboró un caso práctico para poder examinar cómo gestionan sus riesgos y si poseen un sistema de gestión de riesgo que contribuya al cumplimiento de los objetivos de la empresa.
NIC 2 Inventarios y su impacto en el deterioro tecnológico de los teléfonos celulares en las empresas del sector telecomunicaciones en Perú en el 2018
Authors:   , Altuna San Martin Almendra Crisol , Campomanes Ramirez Alejandra Daniela
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación fue realizado para indagar el impacto de la aplicación de la Norma Internacional de Contabilidad 2: Inventarios, en el deterioro de los equipos móviles en el sector de telecomunicaciones en Perú en el año 2018. Así mismo, en dicha investigación se busca dar a conocer el impacto que tiene los avances tecnológicos en la presentación de los Estados financieros de las compañías de telefonía año a año. Para el desarrollo de dicha investigación se ha utilizado las Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad como punto de partida para analizar su alcance y lo que esta subscribe. Además, se da a conocer cómo esta está relacionada con los continuos avances tecnológicos que afectan directamente en la rentabilidad de la empresas en el país. Es por ello que el presente trabajo de investigación se ha desarrollado en cinco partes. En primer lugar, se desarrolló el capítulo I en donde se procede a definir las palabras claves que nos ayudarán a desarrollar el tema principal. En segundo lugar, el capítulo II se explica el problema principal, los objetivos e hipótesis. En tercer lugar, el capítulo III, explica la metodología a utilizar a lo largo de la investigación, ya sea para el hallazgo de la muestra, población y desarrollo cuantitativo y cualitativo de ellas. En cuarto lugar, el capítulo IV, se desarrolló los instrumentos utilizados para poder recolectar información relevante que ayude en dicha investigación. Finalmente, el capítulo V, muestra el análisis de los instrumentos de investigación realizadas al igual que las conclusiones y recomendaciones finales.
Representasi Kegagalan Cinta dan Kriminalitas dalam Novel Seribu Wajah Cinta Karya Fredy S.
Authors: Rizam Masyithah Maghfirah , Effendy Moh Hafid
Published: July 2021

Literary works are able to describe the reality outside of the human being exactly as it is. The novel of Seribu Wajah Cinta by Fredy S. is a form of popular literature. Popular literature restates records of life in hope that the reader will get to know his experiences again so that they feel comforted, because someone has told his experience. The research method uses a qualitative approach with the researcher acting as a key instrument.  Data collection was carried out by taking steps, carrying out intensive reading, recording data, coding the parts of the novel that were appointed as data, analyzing, and interpreting the data to find representations of broken relationship and criminality in the novel of Seribu Wajah Cinta by Fredy S. shows the broken relationship and criminality which is a reflection of daily life.
Penggunaan Kalimat Efektif dalam Tugas Karya Ilmiah Mahasiswa D-3 Politeknik Baja Tegal
Authors: Ria Candra Dewi  , Kusumaningroem Ismi
Published: July 2021

This study aims to analyze the use of effective sentences in scientific essay assignments in general subjects D-3 programme at Baja Tegal Polytechnic regarding the use of effective sentences. Research method uses in this research is qualitative. Based on the analysis in the research essay of D3 programme  Polytechnic Baja Tegal Semester III, several errors were found in writing sentences. These mistakes result in ineffectiveness in the sentence so that the reader finds it difficult to understand the writing. The manifestation of the error is the use of excessive words that make the ineffective sentence. Also, choosing words that are not right for sentences such as conjunctions and prepositions that make ineffective sentence.
Role of Span-75 in Determining Prognosis of Non-Thrombolysis Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Sutanto Anyeliria , Simanungkalit Astra Dea , Yunita Evelyn , Chandra Anastasya , Pangestu Aristo , Tiffani Pamela
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The SPAN-75 index is a modification of the SPAN-100 index as a prognostic tool in acute ischemic stroke patients. Previous studies were using SPAN index in cases of ischemic stroke patients treated with rTPA and in cases of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Aim: To determine the role of the SPAN-75 index as a prognostic scoring in patients with acute ischemic stroke who did not get thrombolysis therapy.

Method: The subjects were acute ischemic stroke patients at Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village who were not treated with thrombolysis therapy and had no disability before stroke onset during January to April 2019. Subjects were classified into a positive and negative of SPAN-75 index group. Disability due to stroke was assessed with Modified Rankin Score (mRS) at the time of admission and discharged from the hospital. This prospective study was analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Result: Forty subjects (average age of 57 years old) consisted of 31 negative and 9 positive of SPAN-75. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, the SPAN-75 index was positively associated with a more severe degree of stroke disability at the time of admission (p = 0.002), but not related to the change in the degree of disability when the patient was discharged from the hospital (p = 0.807). Age (p = 0.445) and gender (p = 0.578) had no significant relationship with the degree of disability of acute ischemic stroke.

Conclusion: The SPAN-75 index is related to the degree of disability of acute stroke patients at the time of admission.
The portrait of the student of University
Authors:   Omsk State Technical Universit, Kosmin A.D. , Kosmina E.A. ,   Omsk Academy of the Humanities and Education
Published: July 2021

Discussed are positions in international ratings of quality of education of “Big seven” countries and the Russian Federation, and also defined are principal conditions of raising creativity of 15th years Russian school persons and students of universities, incl. on the base of results of sociological research.
The use of information and communication technologies at the Higher educational system
Authors:   Yaroslavl Higher Military School of Air Defense, Koryakovtsev S.P.
Published: July 2021

Analyzed is, how widely and effectively information and communication technologies are used at the higher educational system. As a result of the study, it was found that in the process of distance learning students who belong to high and medium resource groups are more motivated, creative and efficient than students from families who belong to low resource groups. It has been determined that the main advantages of the distance learning format are the possibility of implementing individual educational trajectories of students, improving communication and the effectiveness of interaction between students and teachers, the ability to invite experts and practitioners to classes online, creating a more open and friendly educational environment. The study revealed the preferred forms of distance learning. Students from families who belong to highly resource groups, for the most part, believe that distance work of a teacher and student should be implemented mainly in the form of synchronous learning. Students from families who belong to medium resource and low resource groups generally prefer the format of asynchronous learning (recording lectures) and expanding students' independent work. Analyzed digital educational resources used by students of different groups. Regardless of gender, age, course of study and university, students widely use the digital educational resources of CyberLeninka. At the same time, it was found that students from families who belong to highly resource groups systematically turn to other digital educational resources: video lectures from Harvard and Stanford Universities. Based on the results of the study, measures are proposed to improve the effectiveness of distance learning at the university.
Distance learning: challenges of mass transition to online earning education
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Ivanov D.N.
Published: July 2021

Discussed is the problem of some range of challenges, specific for the Russian system of education on the way to massive distant learning in the first half of 2020. The article raises two main questions. The first is the question of providing the conformity of technical requirements, needed for functioning of programs, applying for distant learning, with technical capabilities of computers and other gadgets, that students use to get access to online education programs. Author concludes, that this problem may be partially solved by optimization programs for distant learning for using with low end technic. The second question is the way to make impossible student’s cheating while the attestation including fake technical problems (such as non-working web-camera). The author makes the conclusion about necessity of adding to the distant learning complex special addon for monitoring student’s gadgets during the intermediate certification: its operability, using programs and apps in time of exam.
Impact of industry 4.0 technologies on the transformation of professional education
Authors:   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Skachkova N.V.
Published: July 2021

Analyzed is the problem of convergence of various branches of the natural sciences and the humanities due to the change in technological orders led to the emergence of the concept of technological convergence. Further development and formation of this concept led to the realization of the need to continue the safe development of the technosphere due to the emergence of fundamentally new technologies and resources that should be created on the basis of living objects in the ecosphere. The solution of such promising problems led to the emergence of convergent technologies based on the mutual penetration of nano-, bio-, information, cognitive and socio-humanitarian sciences. These technologies formed the basis for the formation of the concept of the fourth industrial revolution, formulated by K. Schwab. The technologies of the fourth industrial revolution entail global transformations of the technological order, the socio-culture of the ecosystem of modern human society, transform the physical world, cause human change and significantly transform the modern educational landscape. The origin and content of the term “Industry 4.0” has been determined. The analysis and characteristics of the main technologies of Industry 4.0, which are determined by socio-economic and revolutionary technological changes taking place in modern society, are presented. The influence of industry 4.0 technologies on the content of vocational education, teaching methods and forms of organizing educational activities is established. The problems of digital transformation of education, caused by cardinal and systemic changes associated with the emergence and promising development of industry 4.0 technologies, have been identified.
Alien’s exclusion vs Other’s inclusion
Authors:   Vladimir State University n.a. Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Mihailova N.V.
Published: July 2021

Researched are some theoretical foundations of inclusive and exclusive strategies. The study is based on culturological and anthropological (sociocultural anthropology) research tools and views as well as on axiological and cultural-semiotic approaches. It is shown that inclusive / exclusive strategies are connected with perception of groups and individuals as Alien / Other. Three aspects of the issue are investigated: forming of different types of attitude towards Alien / Other in history retrospective and specificities of their existence in postmodern post-industrial society and culture; axiological base of forming of alienation as depreciation and the problem of overcoming it; actuality of sociocultural adaptation of “majorities” to Others’ presence. The author concludes that the “Alien” and “Other” division is productive for deeper understanding of what exclusion and inclusion are and how they work. Inclusiveness is shown as a factor of adaptation and a criteria of societies’ adaptability to polysemiotic feature of postmodern (meta)culture, filled with Others’ cultures. Exclusion is shown as the protective mechanism, embodied in Other’s depreciation, displacement and turning Other into Alien.
Historical stages of development of ideas about the picture of the World
Authors:   Volzsky branch of Volgograd State University, Meider V.A.
Published: July 2021

Presented is an attempt to give a historical overview of development of human ideas about the picture of the world. The basic astronomical, mathematical, natural science and philosophical knowledge that forms the foundation of the modem science of the universe, its evolution and structural elements are presented. This allows to create a specific image of the surrounding reality, and look into the future of the Universe and Person.
Perceived consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and childbearing intentions in Poland
Authors: Malicka Izabela , Mynarska Monika , Świderska Joanna
Published: July 2021

Objective: We aim to investigate how the perceived consequences of COVID-19 affect people's childbearing intentions in Poland.

Background: With the pandemic having an impact on virtually all spheres of people's lives, some evidence already exists that it will lead to fertility postponement, as people are reluctant to make their reproductive choices in such uncertain times.

Method: We analyse a nationally representative sample of 1000 respondents aged 18-49. In the sample, 234 respondents declared that they had intended to have a child before the outbreak of the pandemic and about 20% of them stated having postponed or foregone their intention because of COVID-19. We perform logistic regression analyses to verify which perceived consequences of the pandemic are most decisive for this choice. We supplement our analyses with insights from qualitative, open-ended question on the effects of the pandemic.

Results: We find that people’s decision to postpone childbearing is related to respondents' perceived lower sense of financial security and worse mental well-being in the pandemic. In the model, where both factors are included, only mental well-being remains significant. Qualitative analyses point to several other factors important to fertility decisions in the pandemic, e.g., women’s fear of lonely childbirth.

Conclusion: People’s decision to postpone childbearing because of COVID-19 is mostly related to pandemic-induced financial insecurity and this effect seems to be mediated by the psychological reaction to the situation.
Дослідження впливу технологічних режимів друкування на якість офсетних відбитків
Authors: Гавенко Світлана Федорівна , Бернацек Володимир Владиславович , Лабецька Марта Тарасівна
Published: July 2021

Світовий та зокрема український ринки диктують поступовий розвиток промисловості в напрямі створення товарів у якісному та надійному пакованні, тому сучасне ефективне та привабливе паковання трансформувалось в активний ринковий інструмент. Офсетний друк як домінуюча світова технологія репродукування через низьку вартість та високу якість готових видань найчастіше використовується і у виробництві пакувальної продукції. Постійні вдосконалення техніки та технології офсетного друку, поява нових витратних матеріалів вимагають посилення контролю на всіх стадіях виробничого процесу.
В роботі проведено експериментальні дослідження впливу зміни технологічних режимів друкування різними фарбами на якість тоновідтворення відбитків шляхом встановлення їх репродукційно-графічних показників. В результаті проведеного аналізу побудованих графічних залежностей зміни градаційної передачі фарб досліджуваних взірців і кольоропроби встановлено оптимальну швидкість друкування паковань офсетним способом.
Print Quality Control Using Statistical Methods
Authors: Зенкін Микола Анатолійович
Published: July 2021

Розглянуто можливість використання статистичних методів для забезпечення виробництва продукції, яка відповідає вимогам споживачів з найменшими витратами.
Виконано аналіз різних досліджень, що дозволило виявити споживчі вимоги до кінцевої продукції. Описано принципи та практичні методи Загального менеджменту якості TQM. Відмічено, що суворий контроль, який покликаний забезпечити максимальну для друкованого виробництва якість, не обмежений одним калібрувальним тестовим тиражом — результати друку необхідно перевіряти постійно.
Встановлено, що у стандарті ISО 12647-2:2004 відсутні: оптимальні значення густини для трьох типів паперу; значення CIELАB для балансу по сірому; параметри паперу конкретних виробників; параметри кольорів конкретних виробників; параметри пластин конкретних виробників; специфічні добавки та інші допоміжні матеріали для друку. Стандарт визначає вимірювані результати, на які потрібно вийти, але не дає методики та рекомендацій з їх досягнення.
Запропоновано можливість застосування методу побудови контрольної карти для виявлення причин відхилення показників оптичної густини для тріади фарб в офсетному друці. З’ясовано, що найбільш важливими вимогами споживачів є розрізнення дрібних деталей зображення, тексту, чіткість друку, відсутність плям і сторонніх елементів на зображенні, естетичність. Розроблені в роботі підходи дозволяють визначити найбільш слабке місце в системі папір (картон)—друкарська фарба і оцінити рівень якості.
The First Selective Entropy as a Function of the State of a Scattered Generation System
Authors: Klen Kateryna Serhiivna
Published: July 2021

In the given paper, it is proposed to use the first selective entropy as a parameter that characterizes the variability of energy generation, consumption and storage processes in distributed generation systems with renewable energy sources, for short-term forecasting to ensure efficient operation of such systems.
As an example, the first selective entropy of the power at the output of solar panels is determined, considering other environmental parameters unchanged.
The method of calculation of the first sample entropy of the "ideal" daily curve of solar radiation power is given. The ideal daily curve of solar radiation for May 2, 2019 for the city of Zagreb, Republic of Croatia is given. The values of the first selective entropy of the ideal and real solar radiation power curves depending on the number of partition subintervals are given.
The schedule of change of power at the output of solar panels for the week from April 27 to May 3, 2019, taken from LARES laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia, is given. The values of the first selective entropy at the output of the solar panels depending on the number of subintervals of the partition are given. The "imperfection" of the power curve at the output of solar panels leads to a decrease in the first selective entropy, which indicates an increase in the variability of the energy generation process. To correct the real power distribution at the output of solar panels and bring it closer to the ideal, it is necessary to use an electric energy storage device with an entropy equal to the modulus of entropy of solar panels, but taken with the opposite sign.
The values of the first sample power entropy at the output of solar panels for the week are calculated and their change is shown on the figure. Using Newton's linear interpolation, the values of the first selective entropy for the day 8 and day 2 were predicted. The prediction error of the first selective entropy for the 8th day is 4%, and for the 2nd day - 7%. In the case of significant data deviations, the prediction error increases almost 2 times, but to reduce the magnitude of the prediction error can be performed sequentially with a correction on each prediction interval.
It is shown that the implementation of predictive control of the distributed generation system using the first selective entropy, as an integral characteristic of the system state, allows to estimate and compare random processes of energy generation, consumption and accumulation, without finding the laws of their distribution.
Book culture – the socio-communication phenomenon in theoretical, historical and prognostic aspects: the results of “The Twelfth Makushin readings”
Authors: Lizunova I. V. , Panchenko A. M. , Timofeeva Yu. V. , Troyak I. S. , Pavlenko S. V. , Pshenichnaya E. V. , Metelkov A. S. , Anisimov A. O. , Yudin A. A.
Published: July 2021

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Instability of Traveling Pulses in Nonlinear Diffusion-Type Problems and Method to Obtain Bottom-Part Spectrum of Schrödinger Equation with Complicated Potential
Authors: Tribelsky Michael I.
Published: July 2021

The instability of traveling pulses in nonlinear diffusion problems is inspected on the example of Gunn domains in semiconductors. Mathematically the problem is reduced to the calculation of the "energy" of the ground state in Schrödinger equation with a complicated potential. A general method to obtain the bottom-part spectrum of such equations based on the approximation of the potential by square wells is proposed and applied. Possible generalization of the approach to other types of nonlinear diffusion equations is discussed.
Heat-tolerant Hot Pepper Exhibits Constant Photosynthesis Via Increased 4 Transpiration Rate, High Proline Content and Fast Recovery in Heat Stress 5 Condition
Authors: Rajametov Sherzod , Yang Eun Young , Cho Myeong Cheoul , Chae Soo Young , Jeong Hyo Bong , Chae Won Byoung
Published: July 2021

Understanding the mechanism for heat tolerance is important for the hot pepper breeding program to develop heat-tolerant cultivars in changing climate. This study was conducted to investigate physiological and biochemical parameters related to heat tolerance and to determine leaf heat damage levels critical for selecting heat-tolerant genotypes. Seedlings of two commercial cultivars, heat-tolerant ‘NW Bigarim’ (NB) and susceptible ‘Chyung Yang’ (CY), were grown in 42 °C for ten days. Photosynthesis, electrolyte conductivity, proline content were measured among seedlings during heat treatment. Photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in ‘CY’ but not in ‘NB’ seedlings in 42 °C. Stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate was significantly higher in ‘NB’ than ‘CY’. Proline content was also significantly higher in ‘NB’. After heat treatment, leaf heat damages were determined as 0, 25, 50 and 75% and plants with different leaf heat damages were moved to a glasshouse (30–32/22–24 °C in day/night). The growth and developmental parameters were investigated until 70 days. ‘NB’ was significantly affected by leaf heat damages only in fruit yield while ‘CY’ was in fruit set, number and yield. ‘NB’ showed fast recovery after heat stress compared to ‘CY’. These results suggest that constant photosynthetic rate via increased transpiration rate as well as high proline content in heat stress condition confer faster recovery from heat damage of heat-tolerant cultivars in seedlings stages.
The Impossible Spaces
Authors: García-Jalón Santiago
Published: July 2021

A close analysis of the text of Gen. 2:8-15, pertaining to the garden of Eden, shows the structural differences between said text and others from ancient mythologies that mention or describe a paradise. Likewise, that analysis suggests that the data provided by the Bible to locate paradise is merely a narrative device meant to dissipate all doubts as to the existence of the garden where God put human beings. Similarly to other spaces that appear in the Bible, the garden of Eden is but an impossible place. Throughout the centuries, however, recurring proposals have been made that aim to find paradise. As time went by, those proposals were progressively modified by the intellectual ideas dominant at any given era, thus leading the representations of the location of Paradise further and further away from the information provided by the biblical text.
Exponential Income Distribution and Evolution of Unemployment Compensation in the United Kingdom
Authors: Tao Yong
Published: July 2021

We show that an exponential income distribution will emerge spontaneously in a peer-to-peer economic network that shares the publicly available technology. Based on this finding, we identify the exponential income distribution as the benchmark structure of the well-functioning market economy. However, a real market economy may deviate from the well-functioning market economy. We show that the deviation is partly reflected as the invalidity of exponential distribution in describing the super-low income class that involves unemployment. In this regard, we find, theoretically, that the lower-bound u of exponential income distribution has a linear relationship with (per capita) unemployment compensation. In this paper, we test this relationship for the United Kingdom from 2001 to 2015. Our empirical investigation confirms that the income structure of low and middle classes (about 90% of populations) in the United Kingdom exactly obeys exponential distribution, in which the lower-bound u is exactly in line with the evolution of unemployment compensation.
Incidence, Spatial Pattern and Temporal Progress of Fusarium Wilt of Bananas
Authors: Heck Daniel W. , Dita Miguel , Del Ponte Emerson M. , Mizubuti Eduardo S. G.
Published: July 2021

The effective management of Fusarium wilt of bananas (FW) depends on the knowledge of the disease dynamics in time and space. The objectives of this work were: To estimate disease intensity and impact, and to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamic of FW. Fields planted with Silk (n = 10), Pome (n = 17) or Cavendish (n = 3) banana subgroups were surveyed in Brazil, totaling 95 ha. In each field, all plants were visually assessed and diseased plants were georeferenced. The incidence of FW and the impact of the disease on yield on a regional scale were estimated. Spatial patterns were analyzed using quadrat- and distance-based methods. FW incidence ranged from 0.09 to 41.42%, being higher in Silk fields (median = 14.26%). Impacts of epidemics on yield ranged from 18.4 to 8,192.5 kg.ha-1.year-1, with a median of 935.2 kg.ha-1.year-1. The higher economic impact of the disease was observed on Silk cultivar with a median loss of US$ 910.5 ha-1.year-1. Overall, estimated losses increased on average by US$ 109.8 ha-1.year-1 at each 1% of incidence. Aggregation of FW was detected by all analytical methods in 13 fields (1 of Cavendish, 11 of Pome and 1 of Silk). In the other 17 fields, at least one analytical method did not reject the null hypothesis of randomness. One field (5 ha), composed of six plots, was selected for spatial and temporal studies during two years with bi-monthly assessments. A sigmoidal curve represented the FW progress and the Gompertz model best fitted disease progress. The level of aggregation varied over time, and evidence of secondary infection to neighboring and distant plants were detected. FW is a widespread problem in Brazil and yield losses can be of high magnitude. Epidemiology-based management strategies can now be better established.
Virus Mimetic Poly (I:C)-Primed Airway Exosomes Enter Brain and Induce Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Microglia
Authors: Kulakauskienė Deimantė , Narauskaitė Deimantė , Gečys Dovydas , Juknaitė Otilija , Jankauskaitė Lina , Masaitytė Aistė , Šventoraitienė Jurgita , Inokaitis Hermanas , Miknienė Zoja , Sadauskienė Ilona , Balion Zbigniev , Morkūnienė Ramunė , Paužienė Neringa , Pauža Dainius , Jekabsone Aistė
Published: July 2021

Viral infections induce exosomes containing viral material and inflammatory factors. During respiratory tract infection, exosomes can easily cross the blood-brain barrier and transmit the inflammatory signal to the brain; however, such a hypothesis has no experimental evidence. The study investigated whether exosomes from virus mimetic poly (I:C)-primed airway cells enter the brain and interact with brain immune cells microglia. Airway cells were isolated from Wistar rats and BALB/c mice; microglial cell cultures - from Wistar rats. Exosomes from poly (I:C)-stimulated airway cell culture medium were isolated by precipitation, visualised by transmission electron microscopy, and evaluated by nanoparticle analyser; exosomal markers CD81 and CD9 were determined by ELISA. For in vitro and in vivo tracking, exosomes were loaded with Alexa Fluor 555-labelled RNA. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated by DCFDA fluo-rescence and mitochondrial superoxide - by MitoSOX. The exosomes from poly (I:C)-primed airway cells entered the brain within an hour after intranasal introduction, were internalised by microglia, and induced intracellular and intramitochondrial ROS production. There was no ROS increase in microglial cells was after treatment with exosomes from airway cells untreated with poly (I:C). The data indicate that virus-primed airway cell exosomes might enter the brain and induce the activation of microglial cells.
Pharmacokinetic Investigation of Commercially Available Edible Marijuana Products in Humans: Potential Influence of Body Composition and Influence on Glucose Control
Authors: Ewell Taylor Russell , Abbotts Kieran Shay Streubin , Williams Natasha N. Bondareva , Butterklee Hannah Michelle , Bomar Matthew Charles , Harms Kole Jerel , Rebik Jordan Douglas , Mast Sarah Margaret , Akagi Natalie , Dooley Gregory P. , Bell Christopher
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study was to describe and compare the pharmacokinetics of five commercial edible marijuana products, determine the influence of body composition on pharmacokinetics, and, in light of epidemiology suggesting marijuana may offer diabetes protection, explore the influence of edible marijuana on glucose tolerance. Seven regular users of marijuana self-administered five edible products in a randomized crossover design; each product contained 10mg of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). 30-minutes following marijuana ingestion, participants imbibed a 75g glucose beverage. Time-to-peak plasma THC concentration ranged between 35 and 90 minutes; maximal plasma THC concentration (Cmax) ranged between 3.2 and 5.5 ng/mL. Differences between products in plasma THC concentration during the first 20-to-30 minutes were detected (P=0.019). Relations were identified between body composition and pharmacokinetic parameters for some products; however, none of these body composition characteristics were consistently related to pharmacokinetics across all five of the products. Edible marijuana had no effect on oral glucose tolerance compared with a marijuana-free control (Matsuda Index; P>0.395). Commercially available edible marijuana products evoke different plasma THC concentrations shortly after ingestion, but do not appear to influence acute glucose regulation. These data may allow marijuana users to make informed decisions pertaining to rates of edible marijuana ingestion and avoid overdose.
História Hoje: primeiros números ou um (re)começo
Authors: Ricci Cláudia Sapag
Published: July 2021

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РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ ВАРИАНТОВ ВИРУСА SARS-COV-2, ВЫЗЫВАЮЩИХ ОЗАБОЧЕННОСТЬ (VOC) И ИНТЕРЕС (VOI) НА ОСНОВЕ КОЛИЧЕСТВА ИХ ГЕНОМОВ, ДЕПОНИРОВАННЫХ В БАЗУ ДАННЫХ GISAID ЗА НЕДЕЛЮ с 10.07.2021 г. по 16.07.2021 г.
Authors: Чумачкова Елена , Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Осина Наталья , Сафронов Валентин , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: July 2021

В обзоре представлен анализ геновариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе их геномов в базе GISAID за неделю с 10.07.2021 г. по 16.07.2021 г.
Comparison of Outcomes by Reconstructive Strategy in Patients with Prostheses for Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency
Authors: Floccari Lorena V. , Jeans Kelly A. , Herring John A. , Johnston Charles E. , Karol Lori A.
Published: July 2021

Background:

The present study compares prosthetic treatment options for proximal femoral focal deficiency in terms of gait analysis, oxygen consumption, and patient-reported outcomes.

Methods:

Twenty-three patients who had been managed with a prosthesis for unilateral proximal femoral focal deficiency underwent gait analysis; this group included 7 patients who had received an equinus prosthesis, 6 who had received a rotationplasty prosthesis, and 10 who had undergone Syme amputation and had received an above-the-knee prosthesis. Cadence parameters, kinematic and kinetic data, and oxygen consumption were measured, and the Gait Deviation Index (GDI) was calculated. Medical records and radiographs were reviewed. The Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) was completed by the child’s parent.

Results:

Patients underwent gait analysis at a mean age of 11.6 years (range, 4 to 19 years). Proximal femoral focal deficiency classification was not predictive of the chosen treatment. Patients in the rotationplasty group had undergone more procedures than those in the Syme amputation and equinus groups (mean, 3.3, 1.8, and 0.7 procedures, respectively) (p = 0.001). Oxygen cost did not differ between groups; however, all required greater energy expenditure than normal (170%, 144%, and 159%, in the equinus, rotationplasty, and Syme amputation groups, respectively) (p = 0.427). Likewise, hip power, abductor impulse, and GDI did not differ, but all groups had GDI scores >3 standard deviations below normative values. Patients in the equinus group walked faster (97% of normal for age) than those in the rotationplasty (84%) and Syme amputation groups (83%) (p = 0.018), whereas those in the Syme amputation group had superior knee range of motion (55° from the prosthetic knee) than those in the equinus (20°) and rotationplasty groups (15° generated from the ankle) (p = 0.003). There were no differences in terms of the PODCI subscales for pain, sport/physical function, happiness, or global function. Transfer/basic mobility improved with age (r = 0.516, p = 0.017), but no other associations were found between gait variables and PODCI scores.

Conclusions:

Rotationplasty provided no patient-reported benefit and no functional benefit in terms of gait parameters or oxygen consumption, despite requiring more surgical procedures compared with other prosthetic options. Patients with an equinus prosthesis walked the fastest, whereas treatment with a Syme amputation and prosthetic knee yielded equivalent gait parameters and oxygen consumption as compared with those for patients using an equinus prosthesis. These findings contradict those of previous reports that rotationplasty provides superior function over other proximal femoral focal deficiency prosthetic treatment options.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Ramanuja’s “Gādya-traya” in the Categorical System of Transcendental Hermeneutics by G. Oberhammer. Oberhammer, Gerhard, “Begegnung als Kategorie der Religion Hermeneutik”, Fragment
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Pskhu Ruzana V.
Published: July 2021

The article concerns the place and the role of the text, which is attributed to Rāmānuja, in the philosophical tradition of Viśiṣtādvaita. A historiographical re­view of the studies of the main parts of the Gādya-traya is given (in particular, the main arguments for and against the assertion of Ramanuja’s authorship of this text, put forward in the articles of R. Lester (Rāmānuja and Śrī-Vaiṣṇavism: The Concept of Prapatti or Śaraṇāgatigādya) and N. Nayar (The Concept of prapatti inRāmānuja’s Gītārthasaṃgraha), as well as questions raised by a number of other authors). The role of this text in the late Viśiṣtādvaita tradition (in particular, in the Teṇgalai and Vaḍagalai traditions) is also briefly highlighted. Based on tex­tual comparisons of the Sanskrit texts of the Vaikuṇṭhagādya (one of the parts of “Gādya-traya”) and the “Vedārthasaṃgraha” of Rāmānuja the arguments for and against considering Rāmānuja as the author of this text are considered. The con­tent of the text is interpreted in the aspect of G. Oberhammer’s Transcendental hermeneutics, in particular, one of his categories – “Encounter” (Begegnung). The philosophical content of the category “Encounter” is revealed in one of Oberham­mer’s works (Begegnung als Kategorie der Hermeneutik Religioser Traditionen), the translation of its fragment is adjuncted to this article.
History of Civilization in Russia: Organic Development versus Social Constructivism
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kara-Murza Alexei A.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of civilizational analysis of Russian his­tory. The author shows, that the “civilizational method” is not at all a panacea for ideologized unprofessionalism and a guarantee of scientific correctness. The ma­jor authors in the field of Russian history avoided using the concept of “civiliza­tion”, and spoke either about Russian state (Karamzin, S. Solovyov), or about Russian people(Polevoy), or about Slavic cultural and historical type (Dani­levsky). This proves that operating with the philosophically rich concept of “civ­ilization” is fraught with its own limitations and costs, in addition to the tempta­tions and some analytical advantages. The author believes that when using the concept of “Russian civilization”, it is necessary to take into account the pres­ence in our culture of a large layer of “ironic literature” on the topic of excessive generalizations: “History of the Village Goryukhino” by Pushkin, “History of the city [Glupov]” by Saltykov-Shchedrin, “History of the Village Brehov” by Mozhaev, etc. The author, relying on the typology of civilizations by A. Toyn­bee, N. Berdyaev and his own developments (since the 1980s), believes that the civilizational process in Russia took place, firstly, in the mode of “continuity through catastrophes”, and, secondly, it took place not only in confrontation with other civilizations, but also in a struggle with its own, internal “barbarism”.