bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan Homesickness Ditinjau dari Gender Pada Siswa Baru di Lingkungan Pesantren
Authors: Pipin Pipin , Yasmin Maya
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui homesickness ditinjau dari gender pada siswa baru di lingkungan pesantren. Jumlah subjek yang terlibat sebanyak 452 santri terdiri dari 226 santri perempuan dan 226 santri laki-laki. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik cluster sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini disusun peneliti berdasarkan skala Homesickness yang disusun berdasarkan dimensi homesickness dari Stroebe, et al (2002). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan homesickness  antara santri perempuan dan santri laki-laki di pesantren dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.034. Santri perempuan mengalami homesickness dengan persentase lebih tinggi sebanyak 59,29% dan pada santri laki-laki dengan persentase sebesar 53,98%. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa santri perempuan lebih merasakan homesickness dibandingkan dengan santri laki-laki
Analisis Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Peta Dan Globe Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa SMAN 2 Kota Bima
Authors: Irmansah Irmansah , Hartati Hartati , Azmin Nikman , Ihlas Ihlas
Published: December 2023

Analisis penggunaan media pembelajaran peta dan globe dalam  suatu  pembelajaran  sangat  penting digunakan untuk menunjang proses pembelajaran dan untuk mendapatkan hasil pembelajaran yang baik bagi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Tujuan Penelitian yaitu untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran peta dan globe dalam meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran siswa SMAN 2 Kota Bima. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui  kegiatan observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara siswa dan guru. Adapun Hasil penelitian bahwa  penggunaan media  pembelajaran  peta  dan  globe  dalam  meningkatkan  hasil  belajar siswa  sangat  efektif  dalam  pelaksanaanya,  peserta  didik  secara  sadar menyadari  proses  kegiatan  pembelajaran  menjadi  lebih  menyenangkan  dan  lebih mudah  dipahami.  Dapat  dikatakan  peserta  didik  mudah  memahami  suatu  konsep ilmu  pengetahuan  yang  diajarkan  oleh  guru  sehingga  tujuan  pembelajaran  dapat tercapai dengan baik
Perang Salib dan Hubungan Islam dengan Kristen Abad Pertengahan (Kajian Sosiologis Islam)
Authors: K M Yusuf , Hasaruddin Hasaruddin , Syukur Samzan
Published: December 2023

Artikel ini membahas mengenai perang salib dan hubungan Islam dengan Kristen abad pertengahan. Tujuan artikel ini yaitu untuk menjelaskan bagaimana perang salib mempengaruhi hubungan antara Islam dan Kristen di abad pertengahan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kepustakaan (library research) atau studi pustaka. Kajian studi pustaka dikhususkan untuk mengungkapkan informasi yang bersumber dari teks ilmiah yang berasal dari buku ataupun jurnal ilmiah yang relevan dengan topik yang sedang dibahas. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa perang salib yang terjadi di abad pertengahan telah mewarnai hubungan antara umat Islam dan Kristen. Perang salib dipandang sebagai momentum besar yang terjadi karena berbagai faktor yang melatarbelakanginya seperti faktor agama dan faktor politik
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Versus Model Pembelajaran Langsung dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Biologi di SMA
Authors: Wajdi Muhammad Saiful , Rufi’i Rufi’i , Arsana I Wayan
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjaring data tentang pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran project-based learning, pembelajaran langsung dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar mata pelajaran Biologi pada siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Sukodadi Lamongan. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut maka dilaksanakan penelitai eksperimen dengan rancangan pre-test post-test control group design. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Penerapan model pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar yang lebih baik dan meningkat secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung, (2) Motivasi belajar siswa dengan model pembelajaran project based learning diitinjau dari motivasi tinggi dan rendah lebih tinggi hasil belajar yang diperoleh dengan penggunaan model pembelaharan langsung, (3) Interaksi model pembelajaran dan motivasi belajar sama-sama memiliki peran yang sama untuk dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Miskonsepsi Siswa Dengan Two-Tier Test Berbantuan CRI Melalui Model Conceptual Change Pada Materi Sistem Pernapasan
Authors: Majid Annisa Anur , Ratnasari Jujun , Ramdhan Billyardi
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis miskonsepsi peserta didik tentang materi sistem pernapasan pada SMA serta untuk mengidentifikasi ada tidaknya miskonsepsi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Cisaat. Populasi dalam penelitian ini peserta didik kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Cisaat dan untuk sampelnya XI MIPA 6, dengan menggunakan two-teir test berbantuan CRI (Certainty of Respon Index. Purposive sampling adalah teknik penelitian kuantitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. 31 siswa kelas XI MIPA 6 menjadi subjek penelitian. Sesuai dengan penelitian, pemahaman konseptual siswa terhadap sistem pernapasan dinilai sebagai berikut: Pemahaman Konsep (PK) 49%, Pemahaman Konsep Kurang Percaya Diri (PKKY) 12%, Miskonsepsi (M) 35%, dan Tidak Mengetahui Konsep (TTK) 27%. Persentase kesalahpahaman tertinggi diperoleh pada level 1 sebesar 42% pada indikator mendiagnosa gejala penyakit pernapasan dan pada level 2 sebesar 34% pada indikator menganalisis pengaruh polusi udara pernapasan sistem organ pernapasan dan dengan indikator terendah struktur dan fungsi jaringan yang jelas pada sistem pernapsan manusia 12%. Berdasarkan data tersebut, miskonsepsi yang dimiliki siswa pada materi sistem pernapasan pada kategori sedang.
Keberhasilan Ekowisata Berbasis Penangkaran Penyu Hijau (Chelonia mydas) Dengan Sarang Semi Alami Pada Lokasi Hatchery Yang Berbeda Di Taman Nasional Moyo Satonda
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Nurfathurrahmah Nurfathurrahmah , Azmin Nikman
Published: December 2023

Penangkaran Penyu Hijau (Chelonia Mydas) dengan sarang semi alami adalah salah satu upaya untuk melindungi penyu hijau dari ancaman kepunahan akibat adanya gangguan dari berbagai macam faktor. Pada kegiatan Penangkaran Penyu Hijau (Chelonia Mydas) ini, akan dibangun Hatchery di tiga lokasi penetasan yaitu Toro Sarae, So Parafu sampai So Nanga Nae. Pembangunan Hatchery dilokasi yang berbeda sangat diperlukan untuk melindungi telur penyu hijau dari ancaman predator yang memburu telur penyu hijau untuk tujuan kosumsi mampu komersial. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menambah informasi terkait angka presentasi penetasan pada saat inkubasi telur Penyu Hijau (Chelonia Mydas) di tiga lokasi Hatchery dengan kedalaman sarang semi alami 60 cm. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa di bulan Agustus sampai september untuk lokasi  Hatchery So Parafu, Toro Sarae, dan So Nanga tukik yang berhasil muncul dipermukaan sarang antara 298-300 ekor dengan presentasi keberhasilan 100%.
Analisis Kebutuhan e-LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning Terhadap Pembelajaran IPA SMP Kelas VIII
Authors: Fina Indiarti Dwi , Mustaji Mustaji , Dewi Utari
Published: December 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis adanya kebutuhan untuk melakukan pengembangan terhadap e-LKPD berbasis Problem based learning. Keterbatasan media dalam mengakomodasi karakteristik mata pelajaran IPA membuat siswa kurang aktif dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi, dan angket. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada siswa kelas VIII dengan jumlah siswa 30 siswa dan 1 guru IPA. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu: (1)Siswa kurang aktif dalam bertanya atau menalar ketika pembelajaran, (2)Siswa pasif dalam berdiskusi dengan teman kelompok, (3)Media yang dimiliki kurang menunjang pembelajaran. Kesimpulan dari penelitian analisis kebutuhan bahwa pengembangan e-LKPD berbasis Problem based learning perlu dilakukan untuk membantu guru dalam membantu siswa untuk aktif khususnya pada pembelajaran mata pelajaran IPA.
Profil Kompetensi Berpikir Sistem Pada Education For Suistainable Development Menggunakan Model Problem Based Learning
Authors: Misriani Eneng Yani , Suhendar Suhendar , Ratnasari Jujun
Published: December 2023

Konsep pembangunan berkelanjutan (sustainable development goals) yaitu SDGs memiliki 17 tujuan yang dibuat oleh UNESCO pada tahun 2015. Konsep pembangunan berkelanjutan berguna untuk meningkatkan kualitas dari sumber daya manusia untuk kemajuan suatu negara. Turunan dari SDGs yaitu Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). Salah satu upaya dalam mewujudkan SDGs adalah melalui pendidikan yang disebut dengan Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). Dalam kompetensi berpikir sistem diperkenalkan untuk memperluas tujuan berpikir tentang sistem dalam pendidikan sehingga bukan hanya pada aspek kognitif saja tetapi pada kemampuan penyelesaian masalah serta sikap yang terhubung dengan sistem. Penelitian ini memiliki capaian untuk dapat mengetahui profil kompetensi berpikir sistem dalam ESD dengan model problem based learning, yang terdiri dari bagaimana maksud dari kompetensi berpikir sistem dan bagaimana model pembelajaran problem based learning bisa mempengaruhinya. Pendekatan penelitian dengan deskriptif kuantitatif, menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil menunjukan rerata kompetensi berpikir sistem pada ESD 0,51 dengan kategori sedang dan profil kompetensi berpikir sistem peserta didik dengan rerata 82% yaitu sangat baik. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil yang baik terhadap kognitif peserta didik yang dalam kategori sedang disebabkan kurangnya sarana dan prasarana yang dapat menunjang pembelajaran yang dikolaborasikan dengan Education for Suistainable Development (ESD) disekolah tersebut dan menunjukan hasil yang sangat baik terhadap sikap peserta didik. Oleh karna itu, peserta didik secara mandiri dapat membangun pengetahuannya, meningkatkan kepercayaan diri sendiri dan mengembangkan kemampuan dan keterampilan yang terhubung dengan dinamika sistem kehidupan yang akan berkembang.
EVALUATING THE VALIDITY OF MEARA AND ROGERS’ VOCABULARY APTITUDE TEST: A RASCH MEASUREMENT MODEL ANALYSIS
Authors: NEJATI Reza , JABBARI Mohsen
Published: December 2023

Language aptitude tests, such as the LLAMA_ B3, developed by Meara and Rogers (2022), may play an important role in vocabulary learning research. Following Bokander & Bylund's (2019) advice, the construct validity of this test is examined here. Data collected from 314 participants were analyzed using Rasch analysis. All the eigenvalues fall below 2, supporting the assumption of uni-dimensionality. Q3 findings help us claim that the assumption of local independence has been met. This study found a .96 and a .84 reliability for the items and the participants, respectively. There was a convergent estimate of the results (Variance-Covariance Matrix: +2.002 and -2 log likelihood=+11.458.300). Accordingly, the test is valid for the present sample of students. As far as the analysis shows, the items represent a single underlying construct, meaning that the LLAMA_ B3 is fundamentally coherent. Psychometrically, a single trait seems to have been identified. It can be concluded that both the items and participants behaved predictably, indicating that the test is certainly worth further investigation and refinement.
ROLE OF COLLABORATIVE STRATEGIC READING IN POST-PANDEMIC EFL READING CLASS: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: HERDA Rozanah Katrina , MARGANA Margana , PUTRO Nur Hidayanto Pancoro Setyo
Published: December 2023

The transition of learning mode from online to offline in this post-pandemic era affects

the EFL struggling students’ achievement in the reading context. This quasi-experimental

study with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design was intended to know the significant

difference between the mean scores of the pretest and the posttest in reading obtained

using Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) and reveal students’ reflections on using CSR

in the reading classroom. Sixty-eight students in a senior high school in Indonesia were

involved as participants. Data were collected through pretest-posttest and a

questionnaire. The pretest and posttest results indicated that using CSR as a reading

strategy significantly improved students’ reading skills in collaborative nuance. The

students' perspectives on using CSR were positive since they felt highly motivated to

practice reading collaboratively, where each reading phase has a relevant strategy,

namely, Preview, Click and Clunk, Get the Gist, and Wrap up. Integrating CSR into reading

may have positive pedagogical impacts for EFL teachers who want to try CSR in teaching

reading in this post-pandemic nuance since it eliminates students' anxiety in the transition

of learning mode after the COVID-19 outbreak.
Faktor Determinan Kondisi Kaki Pasien Diaetes Mellitus
Authors: Frisca Sanny
Published: December 2023

Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah penyakit kronik yang dapat mengakibatkan kondisi hiperglikemia. Hiperglikemia dapat menyebabkan penyakit makrovaskuler, mikrovaskuler, dan neuropati yang menyebabkan penyakit kaki. Untuk mencegah ini, pasien memerlukan pengetahuan dan praktik perawatan kaki. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menemukan faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap pengetahuan pasien dan kondisi kaki. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan daftar observasi untuk menguji pengetahuan dan kondisi kaki pasien. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Kendall Tau dan regresi ordinal untuk multivariat. Penelitian ini melibatkan 30 responden dengan karakteristik usia pra-lansia (56,7%), pendidikan SMA (76,7%), hidup dengan DM <1 tahun (53,3%), kondisi hiperglikemia (53,3%), pengetahuan yang rendah (73,3%), dan memiliki kondisi kaki yang buruk (73,3%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik responden tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan berkontribusi terhadap pengetahuan dan kondisi kaki. Hasil analisis uji Kendall Tau menunjukkan bahwa kondisi hiperglikemia (τ= 0,409; p= 0,012) dan pengetahuan pasien (τ= 0,480; p= 0,015) signifikan berhubungan dengan kondisi kaki. Kondisi hiperglikemia dan pengetahuan pasien menjadi prediktor kondisi kaki dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 39,5%. Sehingga, jika pasien memiliki pengetahuan yang baik dan tidak mengalami kondisi hiperglikemia, mereka akan memiliki kondisi kaki yang baik. Oleh karena itu, edukasi mengenai perawatan kaki dan bagaimana menjaga kestabilan gula darah kepada pasien menjadi penting dalam penelitian selanjutnya.
From Picky Eaters to Nourished Explorers: Unveiling the Power of Responsive Feeding in Enhancing Young Children’s Nutrition
Authors: Winahyu Karina Megasari
Published: December 2023

Responsive feeding is crucial in changing the nutrition and overall health outcomes of young children. The purpose of this narrative review is to give a comprehensive synthesis of the existing literature on responsive feeding and its impact on the nutrition of young infants. This review sheds insight on the essential principles, problems, and best practices connected with responsive feeding by reviewing a variety of studies from various situations. It emphasizes reciprocal caregiver-child relationships as well as the significance of being aware of children's hunger and satiety cues. It delves at the various aspects that influence responsive feeding, such as cultural, social, and familial dynamics. The review also emphasizes the function of responsive feeding in maintaining healthy eating habits, reducing childhood obesity, and promoting optimal growth and development in young children. The study emphasizes the importance of early nutrition interventions that emphasize responsive feeding as a means of improving nutritional quality and establishing healthy eating habits at a young age. It also discusses the difficulties that caregivers experience when implementing responsive feeding methods, such as competing societal norms and external influences. Furthermore, the review identifies data gaps and recommends additional studies to investigate the long-term impacts of responsive feeding on children's nutrition, and health outcomes. In conclusion, the narrative review underlines the significance of responsive feeding in supporting optimal nutrition and healthy eating habits in young children.
Prenatal Gentle Yoga untuk Mengurangi Intensitas Nyeri Punggung pada Ibu Hamil
Authors: Mustofa Linda Andri
Published: December 2023

Nyeri punggung adalah masalah yang dikeluhkan oleh lebih dari 50% ibu hamil.  Keluhan nyeri menimbulkan efek beragam mulai dari ketidaknyamanan ringan bahkan sampai mengganggu aktivitas ibu hamil sehingga mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas prenatal gentle yoga dalam menurunkan intensitas nyeri punggung ibu hamil.  Desain penelitian berupa kuasi eksperimen dengan desain non-equivalent control group.  Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua ibu hamil trimester tiga yang mengalami nyeri punggung di Praktik Bidan Mandiri (PMB) Denik dan Dotyk.  Sampel penelitian berjumlah 40 responden dipilih dengan teknik random alokasi. Responden dibagi ke dalam 2 kelompok, yaitu 20 orang di kelompok intervensi dan 20 orang di kelompok kontrol. Pengukuran nyeri menggunakan numeric rating scale (NRS). Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Mann Whitney. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan ada perbedaan sehingga secara statistik dapat disimpulkan bahwa prenatal gentle yoga dapat mengurangi intensitas nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil (p1=0,208; p2=0,000; p3=0.027; p4=0.000). Prenatal gentle yoga merupakan gerakan yang mempunyai target bagian tubuh yang kaku, lemah dan tidak terlatih sehingga terjadi peningkatan mobilitas, kekuatan dan postur tubuh yang berdampak pada pengurangan rasa sakit.
Hubungan Kebiasaan Olahraga dan Pola Makan dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Lansia
Authors: Rahmawati Dina , Firdaus Muhamad Beril
Published: December 2023

Prevalensi hipertensi pada lansia setiap tahunnya terus meningkat. Hipertensi pada lansia dipengaruhi oleh perubahan biologis yang terjadi pada usia lanjut beserta faktor lain seperti kebiasaan olahraga yang buruk serta pola makan yang tidak sehat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara kebiasan olahraga dan pola makan tidak sehat dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional dengan 89 responden yang dipilih melalui metode purposive sampling. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 50 responden (56.2%) memiliki kebiasaan olahraga yang kurang baik, 53 responden (59.6%) mengalami hipertensi, dan 59 responden (66.3%) memiliki pola makan yang kurang baik. Analisis bivariat mengungkapkan hubungan yang signifikan antara pola makan (p value 0,013) dan kebiasaan berolahraga (p value 0,000) dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia. Oleh karena itu, untuk mencegah hipertensi pada lansia, tindakan edukasi dan intervensi yang tepat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan mengubah perilaku sehat di kalangan lansia dengan harapan dapat mengurangi risiko hipertensi.
Identifikasi Kebutuhan Psikoedukasi untuk Menurunkan Distres Psikologis pada Wanita dengan Kanker Payudara Pasca Mastektomi
Authors: Ningsih Dewi Mustika , Prajoko Yan Wisnu , Setyowibowo Hari , Anggorowati Anggorowati
Published: December 2023

Wanita dengan kanker payudara yang mendapatkan prosedur mastektomi memiliki permasalahan psikologis sebagai dampak dari pemikiran, emosi, perilaku dan sensasi fisik. Hal ini dikategorikan sebagai distres psikologis sehingga membutuhkan identifikasi kebutuhan psikoedukasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan psikoedukasi untuk menurunkan distres psikologis pada wanita dengan kanker payudara pasca mastektomi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif deskriptif eksploratif dengan pendekatan analisis tematik menggunakan software Atlas-ti7. Populasi target penelitian adalah wanita dengan kanker payudara pasca mastektomi yang sedang dalam perawatan. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Sebanyak 15 partisipan menjalani wawancara. Penelitian ini menemukan lima tema sebagai isu (psychological concern) yaitu permasalahan sensasi fisik, dampak pemikiran, dampak emosi, kurangnya informasi dan dukungan psikologis. 5 kebutuhan psikoedukasi teridentifikasi, yaitu strategi tata laksana mengatasi permasalahan fisik, mengatasi permasalahan dampak pemikiran negatif, mengelola emosi negatif, penjelasan informasi terkait manfaat dan dampak mastektomi, serta cara meminta pertolongan untuk mendapatkan dukungan psikologis. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan lima cara atau teknik pemenuhan kebutuhan psikoedukasi untuk menurunkan distres psikologis, yaitu penjelasan manfaat dan dampak mastektomi, teknik ambulasi dini dan range of motion (ROM), teknik pernafasan dalam, relaksasi otot progresif, teknik self-talk dan dukungan psikologis.
Going back to a traditional organizational structure
Authors: Meléndez Grisel E.
Published: December 2023

This paper argues that a hierarchical and traditional organizational structure is essential to maintain communication, achieve innovation, and cement the further development of an organization that has just faced a severe crisis. Through in-depth interviews with family business owners and managers who overcame the challenges of Hurricane María in Puerto Rico, the relevance of the traditional organizational structure as a best management practice in times of crisis is examined.
Awareness of the Protective Measures Against Covid-19 among Turkish Dentists: A Questionnaire Survey
Authors: KASIMOĞLU Yelda , İLİSULU Sabiha Ceren , BAYSAN Caner , KORUYUCU Mine , SEYMEN Figen
Published: December 2023

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply affected the entire world. This study aims to evaluate Turkish dentists’ awareness of and protective measures against COVID-19 infection.

Methods: A web-based questionnaire consisting of 35 closed-ended and multiple-choice questions was prepared according to Turkish Dental Association guidelines. The questionnaire was divided into three domains: demographic data, precautionary measures, and attitude. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Istanbul University institutional review board. questionnaire was sent to the dentists registered with the Turkish Dental Association. The minimum sample size was calculated as 756 individuals. The Chi-Square test was used to evaluate the difference for categorical variables. Statistical significance was accepted as p< .05.

Results: A total of nine hundred and ninety-seven questionnaires was analyzed. Five hundred and sixty-three respondents (56.5%) were general dentists, and 434 (43.5%) were specialists. Seven hundred and thirty-five (73.7%) dentists were found to wear disposable gowns, N95/FFP2 masks, and face shields. About half (48.1%) were confident of avoiding infection. Twenty-one (2.1%) subjects were SARS-Cov-2 positive. A majority of both dentists who had COVID-19 (71.4%) and dentists who did not have it (92.7%) agreed that COVID-19 is an occupational risk (p< .001).

Conclusion: Although nearly two-thirds of the respondents reported using personal protective equipment, greater precautionary measures should be taken by dental staff to protect the patients from COVID-19 and other contagious diseases.
Immune response and severity of Omicron BA.5 reinfection among individuals previously infected with different SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Li Lu , Xie Zhiwei , Li Youxia , Luo Minhan , Zhang Lieguang , Feng Chengqian , Tang Guofang , Huang Huang , Hou Ruitian , Xu Yujuan , Jia Shijie , Shi Jingrong , Fan Qinghong , Gan Qingxin , Yu Na , Hu Fengyu , Li Yueping , Lan Yun , Tang Xiaoping , Li Feng , Deng Xilong
Published: December 2023

Introduction

COVID-19 continues to spread worldwide, with an increasing number of individuals experiencing reinfection after recovering from their primary infection. However, the nature and progression of this infection remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the immune response, severity and outcomes of Omicron BA.5 reinfection among individuals previously infected with different SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Methods

We enrolled 432 COVID-19 cases who had experienced prior infection with the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 virus, Delta variant or Omicron BA.2 variant between January 2020 and May 2022 in Guangzhou, China. All cases underwent follow-up from March to April, 2023 through telephone questionnaires and clinical visits. Nasal lavage fluid and peripheral blood were collected to assess anti-RBD IgA, anti-RBD IgG and virus-specific IFN-γ secreting T cells.

Results

Our study shows that 73.1%, 56.7% and 12.5% of individuals with a prior infection of the ancestral virus, Delta or Omicron BA.2 variant experienced reinfection with the BA.5 variant, respectively. Fever, cough and sore throat were the most common symptoms of BA.5 reinfection, with most improving within one week and none progressing to a critical condition. Compared with individuals without reinfection, reinfected patients with a prior Delta infection exhibited elevated levels of nasal anti-RBD IgA, serum anti-RBD IgG and IFN-γ secreting T cells, whereas there was no noticeable change in reinfected individuals with a prior BA.2 infection.

Conclusion

These results suggest that BA.5 reinfection is common but severe outcomes are relatively rare. Reinfection with a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant different from the prior infection may induce a more robust immune protection, which should be taken into account during vaccine development.
Whole genome sequencing and comparative genomics of Mycobacterium orygis isolated from different animal hosts to identify specific diagnostic markers
Authors: Karthik Kumaragurubaran , Subramanian Saraswathi , Vinoli Priyadharshini Michael , Jawahar Ayyaru , Anbazhagan Subbaiyan , Kathiravan Ramaiyan Selvaraju , Thomas Prasad , Babu Ramasamy Parthiban Aravindh , Gopalan Tirumurugaan Krishnaswamy , Raj Gopal Dhinakar
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Mycobacterium orygis, a member of MTBC has been identified in higher numbers in the recent years from animals of South Asia. Comparative genomics of this important zoonotic pathogen is not available which can provide data on the molecular difference between other MTBC members. Hence, the present study was carried out to isolate, whole genome sequence M. orygis from different animal species (cattle, buffalo and deer) and to identify molecular marker for the differentiation of M. orygis from other MTBC members.

Methods

Isolation and whole genome sequencing of M. orygis was carried out for 9 samples (4 cattle, 4 deer and 1 buffalo) died due to tuberculosis. Comparative genomics employing 53 genomes (44 from database and 9 newly sequenced) was performed to identify SNPs, spoligotype, pangenome structure, and region of difference.

Results

M. orygis was isolated from water buffalo and sambar deer which is the first of its kind report worldwide. Comparative pangenomics of all M. orygis strains worldwide (n= 53) showed a closed pangenome structure which is also reported for the first time. Pairwise SNP between TANUVAS_2, TANUVAS_4, TANUVAS_5, TANUVAS_7 and NIRTAH144 was less than 15 indicating that the same M. orygis strain may be the cause for infection. Region of difference prediction showed absence of RD7, RD8, RD9, RD10, RD12, RD301, RD315 in all the M. orygis analyzed. SNPs in virulence gene, PE35 was found to be unique to M. orygis which can be used as marker for identification.

Conclusion

The present study is yet another supportive evidence that M. orygis is more prevalent among animals in South Asia and the zoonotic potential of this organism needs to be evaluated.
Care-full data, care-less systems: making sense of self-care technologies for mental health with humanistic practitioners in the United Kingdom
Authors: Spors Velvet , Flintham Martin , Brundell Pat , Murphy David
Published: December 2023

Introduction

The days of dusty couches in therapists' offices behind closed doors are long gone. Now, personalized mood tracking, therapy appointments and breathing exercises are just mere clicks (or taps) away: Technologies for self-care (SCTs) that focus on mental health are both a flourishing industry and an academic field of interest. As societal, and cultural artifacts, SCTs for mental health are imbued with values, worldviews, and assumptions about these concepts by their designers and developers. Here, current SCTs tend to lean toward a more medical(ised) approach due to being shaped by dominant views of mental health as an individualized issue. However, this approach is only one of many potential pedagogies and approaches. As an alternative, we explore what SCTs for mental health could be like, from a humanistic, person-centered standpoint: We conceptualize mental health in holistic terms, as an experiential quality of everyday life.

Methods

To this end, we report on two engagements with humanistic practitioners and the person-centered approach as a guiding principle: First, we ran a workshop informed by the Rogerian “encounter group”. This approach is focused on providing the space to meaningfully meet and relate to people. Inspired by this concept, we brought together humanistic practitioners to openly explore what technology for (self-)care means for them. Second, we build on the insights from the aforementioned study by organizing an asynchronous, online whiteboard for humanistic practitioners—counselors, students-in-training, therapists, and researchers—to explore their utopian, realistic and dystopian visions of SCTs.

Results

Through thematic analysis and affinity-clustering these engagements, we construct an understanding that technology within a person-centered, humanistic context is a constrained, ambiguous undertaking, yet also one full of potential.

Discussion

We conclude the paper by sketching out three design opportunities for how the person-centered approach, and humanistic psychology in general could be integrated into caring technologies.
In-stent restenosis in acute coronary syndrome—a classic and a machine learning approach
Authors: Scafa-Udriște Alexandru , Itu Lucian , Puiu Andrei , Stoian Andreea , Moldovan Horatiu , Popa-Fotea Nicoleta-Monica
Published: December 2023

Background

In acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a number of previous studies tried to identify the risk factors that are most likely to influence the rate of in-stent restenosis (ISR), but the contribution of these factors to ISR is not clearly defined. Thus, the need for a better way of identifying the independent predictors of ISR, which comes in the form of Machine Learning (ML).

Objectives

The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between ISR and risk factors associated with ACS and to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the probability of ISR through the use of ML in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods

Consecutive patients presenting with ACS who were successfully treated with PCI and who had an angiographic follow-up after at least 3 months were included in the study. ISR risk factors considered into the study were demographic, clinical and peri-procedural angiographic lesion risk factors. We explored four ML techniques (Random Forest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), simple linear logistic regression (LLR) and deep neural network (DNN)) to predict the risk of ISR. Overall, 21 features were selected as input variables for the ML algorithms, including continuous, categorical and binary variables.

Results

The total cohort of subjects included 340 subjects, in which the incidence of ISR observed was 17.68% (n = 87). The most performant model in terms of ISR prediction out of the four explored was RF, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.726. Across the predictors herein considered, only three predictors were statistically significant, precisely, the number of affected arteries (≥2), stent generation and diameter.

Conclusion

ML models applied in patients after PCI can contribute to a better differentiation of the future risk of ISR.
Discovery of plasma proteome markers associated with clinical outcome and immunological stress after cardiac surgery
Authors: Bello Corina , Filipovic Mark G. , Huber Markus , Flannery Sarah , Kobel Beatrice , Fischer Roman , Kessler Benedikt M. , Räber Lorenz , Stueber Frank , Luedi Markus M.
Published: December 2023

Background

Molecular mechanisms underlying perioperative acute phase reactions in cardiac surgery are largely unknown. We aimed to characterise perioperative alterations of the acute phase plasma proteome in a cohort of adult patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery using high-throughput mass spectrometry and to identify candidate proteins potentially relevant to postoperative clinical outcome through a novel, multi-step approach.

Methods

This study is an analysis of the Bern Perioperative Biobank, a prospective cohort of adults who underwent cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) at Bern University Hospital between January and December 2019. Blood samples were taken before induction of anaesthesia and on postoperative day one. Proteomic analyses were performed by mass spectrometry. Through a multi-step, exploratory approach, hit-proteins were first identified according to their perioperative prevalence and dynamics. The set of hit-proteins were associated with predefined clinical outcome measures (all-cause one-year mortality, length of hospital stay, postoperative myocardial infarction and stroke until hospital discharge).

Results

192 patients [75.5% male, median age 67.0 (IQR 60.0–73.0)] undergoing cardiac surgery with the use of CPB were included in this analysis. In total, we identified and quantified 402 proteins across all samples, whereof 30/402 (7%) proteins were identified as hit-proteins. Three hit-proteins—LDHB, VCAM1 and IGFBP2—demonstrated the strongest associations with clinical outcomes. After adjustment both for age, sex, BMI and for multiple comparisons, the scaled preoperative levels of IGFBP2 were associated with 1-year all-cause mortality (OR 10.63; 95% CI: 2.93–64.00; p = 0.046). Additionally, scaled preoperative levels of LDHB (OR 5.58; 95% CI: 2.58–8.57; p = 0.009) and VCAM1 (OR 2.32; 95% CI: 0.88–3.77; p = 0.05) were found to be associated with length of hospital stay.

Conclusions

We identified a subset of promising candidate plasma proteins relevant to outcome after on-pump cardiac surgery. IGFBP2 showed a strong association with clinical outcome measures and a significant association of preoperative levels with 1-year all-cause mortality. Other proteins strongly associated with outcome were LDHB and VCAM1, reflecting the dynamics in the acute phase response, inflammation and myocardial injury. We recommend further investigation of these proteins as potential outcome markers after cardiac surgery.

Clinical Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT04767685, data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD046496.
Association between hyponatremia and adverse clinical outcomes of heart failure: current evidence based on a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Wanling , Qin Jiangwei , Lu Guoyan , Wang Yang , Qiao Lina , Li Yifei
Published: December 2023

Background

Heart failure (HF) is a global health challenge. The perturbations in fluid and electrolyte equilibrium, particularly the compromised sodium balance associated with HF lead to high mortality rates. Hence, elucidating the correlation between serum sodium levels and the prognosis of HF is of paramount importance. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis to thoroughly investigate the interplay between hyponatremia and the prognostic outlook of individuals with HF.

Methods

A comprehensive search of bibliographic databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted to identify relevant observational studies examining the association between hyponatremia and prognosis of HF. Data extraction, synthesis, and assessment of risk of bias were conducted. Meta-analytic methods, sensitivity analyses, and heterogeneity test were employed as appropriate to synthesize the data.

Results

A total of 43,316 patients with HF were included spanning 25 selected studies. The pooled data revealed a notable association between hyponatremia and elevated risks across short and long-term mortality of HF. Specifically, hyponatremia was found to significantly increase the likelihood of all-cause mortality (Hazard ratio [HR] = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.78–2.12); 1-year mortality (HR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.46–1.90); 30-day mortality (HR = 2.03, 95%CI: 1.73–2.25); cardiac mortality (HR = 2.11, 95%CI: 1.81–2.46); and in-hospital mortality (HR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.15–2.34).

Conclusion

Our meta-analysis emphasizes the significant impact of hyponatremia on mortality in the HF patient population, highlighting the critical importance of maintaining stable serum sodium levels in HF management.
Causal association of immune cells and polycystic ovarian syndrome: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Aru Na , Yang Congyu , Chen Yuntian , Liu Jiaming
Published: December 2023

Background

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive disorder that affects a considerable number of women worldwide. It is accompanied by irregular menstruation, hyperandrogenism, metabolic abnormalities, reproductive disorders and other clinical symptoms, which seriously endangers women’s physical and mental health. The etiology and pathogenesis of PCOS are not completely clear, but it is hypothesized that immune system may play a key role in it. However, previous studies investigating the connection between immune cells and PCOS have produced conflicting results.

Methods

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a powerful study design that uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to enable examination of the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome in observational data. In this study, we utilized a comprehensive two-sample MR analysis to examine the causal link between 731 immune cells and PCOS. We employed complementary MR methods, such as the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, and conducted sensitivity analyses to evaluate the reliability of the outcomes.

Results

Four immunophenotypes were identified to be significantly associated with PCOS risk: Memory B cell AC (IVW: OR [95%]: 1.123[1.040 to 1.213], p = 0.003), CD39+ CD4+ %CD4+ (IVW: OR [95%]: 0.869[0.784 to 0.963], p = 0.008), CD20 on CD20- CD38-(IVW: OR [95%]:1.297[1.088 to 1.546], p = 0.004), and HLA DR on CD14- CD16+ monocyte (IVW: OR [95%]:1.225[1.074 to 1.397], p = 0.003). The results of the sensitivity analyses were consistent with the main findings.

Conclusions

Our MR analysis provides strong evidence supporting a causal association between immune cells and the susceptibility of PCOS. This discovery can assist in clinical decision-making regarding disease prognosis and treatment options, and also provides a new direction for drug development.
Reconfiguration and displacement of DG and EVs in distribution networks using a hybrid GA–SFLA multi-objective optimization algorithm
Authors: Ghadi Yazeed Yasin , Kotb Hossam , Aboras Kareem M. , Alqarni Mohammed , Yousef Amr , Dashtdar Masoud , Alanazi Abdulaziz
Published: December 2023

A combined algorithm for reconfiguring and placement of energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and distributed generation (DG) in a distribution network is presented in this paper. The impact of this technique on increasing the network’s resilience during critical periods is investigated, as well as improvements in the network’s technical and economic characteristics. The three objective functions in this regard are the network losses, voltage profile, and running costs, which include the costs of purchasing electrical energy from the upstream network and the devices used, as well as the cost of load shedding. In addition, the impacts of the presence of DG on power flow and the modeling of the problem’s objective function are examined. To solve the problem of reconfiguration and placement of a multi-objective distribution feeder, a genetic algorithm (GA) and shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) hybrid algorithm is used. The proposed GA–SFLA algorithm is used to solve the problem with changes in its structure and its combination in three stages. Finally, the proposed method is implemented on the 33-bus distribution network. The simulation results show that the proposed method has an effective performance in improving the considered objective functions and by establishing a suitable fit between the different objective functions based on the three-dimensional Pareto front. Moreover, it introduced a more optimized architecture with lower loss, lower operating costs, and greater reliability compared to other optimization algorithms.
Refractory cytomegalovirus infections in Chinese patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a review of the literature
Authors: Yang Donglin , Yao Yuanyuan , Sun Yi , Jiang Erlie
Published: December 2023

In the absence of prophylactic therapy, cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia is a common complication following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) and represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Approximately 25% of allo-HCT happen in China, where the development and refinement of the ‘Beijing protocol’ has enabled frequent and increasing use of haploidentical donors. However, refractory CMV infection (an increase by >1 log10 in blood or serum CMV DNA levels after at least 2 weeks of an appropriately dosed anti-CMV medication) is more common among patients with haploidentical donors than with other donor types and has no established standard of care. Here, we review the literature regarding refractory CMV infection following allo-HCT in China.
Features of upper ocean and surface waves during the passage of super typhoon Hinnamnor (2022)
Authors: Zhang Ting
Published: December 2023

Scientific understanding of super typhoons (STYs) is essential for environmental and human-made disaster prevention. The interactive processes among the atmosphere, ocean, and surface waves have an intimate relationship within the STY system. This study chose STY Hinnamnor (2022) as an example and used multi-source data to investigate how it affected the upper ocean. First, Argo floats data at two positions were collected to investigate the variation of sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), isothermal layer depth (ILD), mixed layer depth (MLD), barrier layer thickness (BLT), and eddy viscosity (EV) during pre- and post-STY. The STY passed through two Argo floats; hence, the SST, ILD, and BLT significantly decreased post-STY, whereas the MLD and EV increased. The SSS decreased by 0.26 psu where the STY passed southwestward, whereas it increased by 0.11 psu where the STY began to move northward. Subsequently, the remote sensing data and re-analysis data were used to study the evolution of the SST, precipitation, runoff, and profiles of the upper ocean pre- and post-STY. The results reveal that intensive vertical mixing and upwelling occurred in the region where the direction of the STY movement switched. It also revealed that the runoff and heavy precipitation increased the water salinity in this area. In addition, the reanalysis data indicated that the significant wave height (SWH) and the mean wave period (MWP) near the cyclone center became longer than in other areas. The temporal evolution of the spectral peak period (SPP) demonstrated the generation of a swell zone on the right side of the typhoon track when the STY moved northward.
Reproductive performance and egg and larvae quality from first generation peruvian grunt Anisotremus scapularis (Tschudi, 1846): a comparative analysis with spawns from wild broodstock
Authors: Cota Mamani Noemi , Carrera Santos Lili Jannet , Castro-Fuentes Angélica , Leon Dominguez Oneill , Flores Ramos Leenin , Ruiz Soto Anthony , Lazo Juan Pablo , Duncan Neil
Published: December 2023

Anisotremus scapularis is a marine fish distributed along the Peruvian coast that is commercially important in local markets. IMARPE started research on this species aimed to condition breeders and control reproduction in captivity and avoid dependence on wild broodstock. Therefore, the present study characterized and compared the reproductive performance, quality of eggs and larvae between a first generation domesticated broodstock (F1B) and a wild broodstock (WB). The F1B and WB broodstocks were conditioned in recirculation systems (RAS) to spawn naturally from August 2021 to August 2022. The following parameters were recorded for each spawn, the total number of eggs, percentages of viable eggs and fertilization, and hatching, and biochemical analyses on each spawn were performed. Progeny from each spawning were assessed for survival activity index (SAI), and at 20 days’ post-hatch (DPH), the temperature tolerance index (TTI) was analyzed. WB had significantly higher (P<0.05) egg production, egg diameter, oil globule diameter, and SAI than those of F1B. However, the percentage of viable eggs and hatching showed significantly higher values (P<0.05) in F1B spawns. A low correlation (r<0.50) was observed between the evaluated reproductive parameters in A. scapularis broodstock; nevertheless, it was significant in some cases. No significant differences were observed in protein, lipid, carbohydrate, or ash content in eggs, but ash content in the 20 DPH larvae differed, with higher values in F1B. A principal component analysis (PCA), indicated a strong relationship between F1B broodstock eggs and fatty acids DHA, 16:0, 18:1n-9, and 18:2n-6; whereas fatty acids 18:0, 20:4n-3, 22:5n-3, and EPA had a high connection with WB eggs. At 20 DPH, F1B larvae had a strong link with 18:1n-9, DHA, and 18:2n-6; while WB larvae were found to have a high association with 16:1n-7, EPA, 22:5n-3, and ARA. Based on these results we concluded that F1B broodstock has better egg quality in terms of egg viability and hatching rate and similarity in most larval quality parameters compared to WB, making the F1 domesticated broodstock (F1B) an alternative to establish a broodstock under captive conditions and thus contributing to the aquaculture development of the species.