bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The missing link: From Kautilya's The Arthashastra to modern economics
Authors: Škare Marinko
Published: December 2022

The aim of this paper is twofold: first, to provide evidence supporting the thesis that Kautilya was the first political economist; second, to verify that a systematic study of political economy has begun long before the ideas and works of Adam Smith. It was in the works of Kautilya (around 375 B.C.). In order to validate the aims of our study, we look for evidence in his Arthashatra of rational behaviour, self-interest motivation, and market elements of a traditional commercial society. Providing a sound interpretation of Kautilya's main arguments, we demonstrate that his is no less a systematic study in political economy than Smith's The Wealth of Nations. Economics is a science that tries to offer policies and practices for creating and enriching a nation's wealth, and in that sense, the Arthashastra (literal translation being The Science of Wealth) represents the first systematic manual of political economy. The development of economics as a science must take cognition of the economic principles and ideas presented in The Arthashastra so as to reveal the true origins of economic thought and its evolution. It is only by understanding methodological problems in a historical perspective we can understand the modern methodological and conceptual issues.
Review of James E. Alvey, A Short History of Ethics and Economics: The Greeks, Cheltenham (UK), Edward Elgar Publishing, 2011, x+184 pp, hb, ISBN 9781847202017
Authors: Bîgu Dragoș
Published: December 2022

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Review of Pranab Bardhan, Awakening Giants, Feet of Clay: Assessing the Economic Rise of China and India, Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 2010, 172pp, hb, ISBN 9780691129945
Authors: Bablon Géraud
Published: December 2022

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Growth theory after Keynes, part I: the unfortunate suppression of the Harrod-Domar model
Authors: van den Berg Hendrik
Published: December 2022

After Harrod and Domar independently developed a dynamic Keynesian circular flow model to illustrate the instability of a growing economy, mainstream economists quickly reduced their model to a supply side-only growth model, which they subsequently rejected as too simplistic and replaced with Solow's neoclassical growth model. The rejection process of first diminishing the model and then replaced it with a neoclassical alternative was similar to how the full Keynesian macroeconomic paradigm was diminished into IS-LM analysis and then replaced by a simplistic neoclassical framework that largely ignored the demand side of the economy. Furthermore, subsequent work by mainstream economists has resulted in a logically inconsistent framework for analyzing economic growth; the popular endogenous growth models, which use Schumpeter's concept of profit-driven creative destruction to explain the technological change that Solow left as exogenous, are not logically compatible with the Solow model.
On the problem of scale: Spinozistic sovereignty as the logical foundation of constitutional economics
Authors: Gussen Benjamen F.
Published: December 2022

This paper argues that sovereignty, as envisaged by Spinoza, is the logical foundation of constitutional economics. Constitutional constructs such as sovereignty weave an evolutionary dialectic between different organizational scales (the local, national, and global). This dialectic continues to wreak havoc at the local scale, and can be interrupted only through explicit constitutional constraints on the size of jurisdictions. The paper argues for more emphasis on constitutional orders in the spirit of Spinoza’s understanding of sovereignty. This entails preference for federal polities in which sovereignty is shared between different cities rather states where once capital cities dominate.
The ethics of New Development Economics: is the Experimental Approach to Development Economics morally wrong?
Authors: Baele Stéphane
Published: December 2022

The 2000s have witnessed the arrival and growing popularity of randomized controlled experiments (RCTs) in Development Economics. Whilst this new way of conducting research on development has unfolded important insights, the ethical challenge it provokes has not yet been systematically examined. The present article aims at filling this gap by providing the first ad hoc discussion of the moral issues that accompany the use of RCTs in Development Economics. Claiming that this new research agenda needs its own, specific set of ethical guidelines, we expose the six ethical problems that these experiments potentially provoke and that should therefore be carefully assessed by ethics committees before an RCT is launched and by scholarly journals before its results are published.
Dividing a cake (or) Distributional values in the measurement of economic inequality: an expository note
Authors: Subramanian S
Published: December 2022

Distributional judgments'-judgments on the extent of inequality in the distribution of income and wealth-are routinely made by economists in exercises aimed at comparing inequalities in alternative situations. Yet the measurement of inequality is informed by certain nuances, which it would do well to be attentive to. In particular, the values underlying measurement protocols are not always made explicit, which tends to lend a somewhat misleading semblance of 'value-neutrality' to the activity of measurement. It is argued, with specific reference to the problem of inequality measurement, that such an orientation can compromise the possibility of accurate diagnosis and appropriate policy prescription. There is little that is original in this article, and much that is owed to the pioneering contributions of Serge-Chritophe Kolm. The emphasis throughout is on explicating an important issue through a deliberate effort at achieving simplicity in both argument and expression.
A review of the Granger-causality fallacy
Authors: Maziarz Mariusz
Published: December 2022

Methods used to infer causal relations from data rather than knowledge of mechanisms are most helpful and exploited only if the theoretical background is insufficient or experimentation impossible. The review of literature shows that when an investigator has no prior knowledge of the researched phenomenon, no result of the Grangercausality test has any epistemic utility due to different possible interpretations. (1) Rejecting the null in one of the tests can be interpreted as either a true causal relation, opposite direction of the true causation, instant causality, time series cointegration, not frequent enough sampling, etc. (2) Bi-directional Granger causality can be read either as instant causality or common cause fallacy. (3) Non-rejection of both nulls possibly means either indirect or nonlinear causality, or no causal relation.
A criterion for realism, with an application to behavioral economic models
Authors: Marqués Gustavo , Weisman Diego
Published: December 2022

Many economists working within the framework of behavioral economics (BE) label the conventional way of modeling as unrealistic, and consider their own approach as more realistic than the standard practice. However, a criterion for realism is lacking in behavioral economics literature. This paper offers a simple criterion for predicating realism to economic models, and provides an illustration of such criterion at work on a particular BE model.
Poor countries and development: a critique of Nicole Hassoun and a defense of the argument for good institutional quality
Authors: Olufemi Badru Ronald
Published: December 2022

If we agree that ‘institutions are the kinds of structures that matter most in the social realm: they make up the stuff of social life’ (Hodgson, 2006, p.2), and we also agree that they largely influence, either positively or negatively, even many of the decisions relative to our personal lives, then we should conclude that emphasis on quality institutions to a people should not be wished away. Drawing on the earlier stated, the present work critically responds to the position of Hassoun (2014) that making aid conditional on good institutional quality is not good for the poor. It may be true that giving aid to the poor without consideration of the quality status of their social institutions may serve their immediate purposes, but if the poor are not to be consigned and confined to the margins of perpetual dependence, then due attention should rather be shown to ensure better reforms for their institutions, given that quality institutions largely and positively influence and sustain, in spite of other considerations, human development in the final analysis.
Aristotle on justice in exchange: commensurability by fiat
Authors: Peacock Mark
Published: December 2022

This essay offers an interpretation of Aristotle's remarks on the commensurability of goods in Book V of the Nicomachean Ethics. It explores the term ‘by hypothesis’ (ἐξ ὑποθέσεως) which Aristotle uses to describe the institution of currency through which commensurability is established. The term implies that Aristotle conceives the origins of currency to lie in a conscious act of stipulation rather than through a spontaneous process in which currency is established via the unintended consequences of individual action. In conclusion, contemporary theories of money are considered and it is asked with which Aristotle’s conception of money aligns most closely.
Crises, confidence, and animal spirits: exploring subjectivity in the dualism of Descartes and Keynes
Authors: Scott Sonya
Published: December 2022

This paper will explore the nuanced epistemological status of the economic subject in Keynes' work, alongside the physiology of the human subject in Descartes' Passions of the Soul and Treatise on Man. In both instances 'animal spirits' serve as an indicator of dualism within the subject. In Descartes, the spirits mediate between the soul and the body, between the rational and non-rational, by their effect on the pineal gland. In Keynes, animal spirits push up against a certain form of economic rationality and represent a non-rational impulse inherent to human nature that is often opposed to economic reason. While Keynes' conception of economic subjectivity extends well beyond the rationalism of many of his predecessors, the dualism presented in his work by means of the animal spirits is worth considering in philosophical terms. Ultimately this paper will conclude that Keynes' work contains an element of what Gilbert Ryle (1949) has termed the 'intellectualist legend,' that is, the philosophical assumption that we must think first, and then act, relegating spontaneous action to the realm of the 'animal' or the 'non-rational.'
A comment on 'Comment on the law of supply and demand'
Authors: Dinga Emil
Published: December 2022

The paper briefly discusses some issues approached in the study ‘A comment on the law of supply and demand’ by M. Northrup Buechner, published in this issue of J Phil Econ. The way of discussing is logical-theoretical, without bringing into attention empirical data. Even less than that, only a few of the issues debated in the original study are examined, namely those issues which appeared to this author as both the most problematic and susceptible to drive the future discussion in the matter.
Negative and positive liberty and the freedom to choose in Isaiah Berlin and Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Authors: Collignon Stefan
Published: December 2022

Berlin has made the famous distinction between negative and positive liberty. For many liberals, negative liberty is modern individual liberty manifested in markets, while interference by the State is a form of positive liberty. Berlin was also repelled by Rousseau's concept of the general will, which he considered as a form of collectivist holism. The paper argues that this philosophy is a mistaken interpretation of Berlin's two concepts of liberty and of Rousseau's general will. In a simple model of individual and collective choice under conditions of bounded rationality, it is shown that positive and negative liberty are interdependent. The collective choices made under positive liberty can be modeled as the stochastic version of Rousseau's general will, provided that liberal democracy enables the conditions of free public deliberation. In that case, the individual freedom cherished by Berlin is compatible with positive liberty.
Towards a theory of ignorance
Authors: Fforde Adam
Published: December 2022

The paper develops an argument for the criteria that a theory of ignorance should meet. It starts from the distinction between instrumental and non-instrumental action. Usually, the latter is considered irrational and the former rational as being based upon known cause-effect relations whilst the latter is not. I argue that the former requires a reasoned basis in predictive knowledge of cause and effect, without which good council is either for inaction or noninstrumental action. The argument proceeds by exploiting mainstream statistical methods to explore an example of a 'metric of advised ignorance' to guide explicit reasoned choice allowing rejection of instrumental action in favour of inaction or non-instrumental action. The argument then explores a case study of how such rejection is disallowed by official requirements in International Development Assistance (aid) that contexts must always be believed predictive and so action organised as instrumental. This shows the basic irrationality of mainstream policy rationality. The paper then discusses wider social epistemological issues of this irrationality and concludes with a list of criteria a theory of ignorance should meet.
Comparing economic theories or: pluralism in economics and the need for a comparative approach to scientific research programmes
Authors: Heise Arne
Published: December 2022

Pluralism in economics appears to be a double-edged sword: we need more than one theory to grasp and explain the entire economic world, yet a plurality of possible explanations undermines the aspiration of the economic discipline to provide ‘objective knowledge’ in the singular of the ‘one world one truth’ conception. Therefore, pluralism is often equated with relativism and obscurantism. In this article, I will explore both the demand for pluralism and the fear of relativism and obscurantism, scrutinising each position in order to evaluate their respective justification and devising a methodological proposal that may appease both the defender and the sceptic of economic pluralism.
DÜNYA KLASINDA ÜRETİM ODAKLANMIŞ İYİLEŞTİRME SÜTUNU İÇİN METODOLOJİ ÖNERİSİ VE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: EROZAN İhsan , SAYAN Zeynep , BEŞKARDEŞLER Meltem
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada kompresör imal edilen bir işletmenin montaj hattında yer alan bir süreçte, odaklanmış iyileştirme sütununun yedi adımı uygulanmıştır. Bu uygulamada 3M metodu ile kaizen noktaları tespit edilip daha sonra kayıp analizi ile çeşitli iyileştirmeler önerilmiş ve bu iyileştirmelerin kazanımları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca odaklanmış iyileştirme uygulanmasında, uygulamada görülen metot karmaşasının önüne geçilmesi için bir metodoloji önerilmiştir. Bu metodoloji ile metot araştırması için harcanan süre minimize edilmiş ve süreç daha sistematik hale getirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda montaj sürecinde çevrim süresini minimum seviyeye indirecek ve operatörlerin ergonomik seviyesini etkileyecek etmenler üzerindeki ve süreçteki operatörlerin verimsizliklerini ortadan kaldıracak iyileştirme önerileri sunulmuş ve bu önerilerin süre ve maliyet kazancı değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştır. Önerilen metodolojiyi kullanan odaklanmış iyileştirme çalışması ile hem süre hem de maliyet avantajı elde edildiği görülmüştür.
ÖĞRENME VE BOZULMA ETKİLERİ ALTINDAKİ ORTAK TESLİM TARİHLİ TEK MAKİNE ERKEN/GEÇ TAMAMLANMA ÇİZELGELEME PROBLEMİNİN OPTİMAL ÇİZELGESİNİN V ŞEKLİNDEKİ ÖZELLİĞİ
Authors: ARIK Oğuzhan Ahmet
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma öğrenme ve bozulma etkileri altındaki ortak teslim tarihli tek makine erken/geç tamamlanma çizelgeleme problemini incelemektedir. Öğrenme ve bozulma etkilerinin aynı tek makine erken/geç tamamlanma çizelgeleme problemindeki farklı kombinasyonları incelenmiştir. Bozulma etkisi için doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan bozulma etkileri dikkate alınmıştır. Öğrenme etkisi için sadece sıra-bağımlı öğrenme etkisi ele alınmıştır. Problemin optimal çizelgesinin bu kombinasyonlardan herhangi birinde V şekilli olma özelliğini ispat etmek için iki teorem sunulmuştur. Çalışmanın sonunda ise problemin bu etkiler altında V şekilli olduğu ispat edilmiştir.
VAKIF ÜNİVERSİTELERİNİN AHP, COPRAS, SAW, TOPSIS YÖNTEMLERİYLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ VE BORDA SAYIM YÖNTEMİ İLE BÜTÜNLEŞİK BİR SIRA ELDE EDİLMESİ
Authors: ULUSKAN Meryem , AKPOLAT Gizem , ŞİMŞEK Dilek
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı Türkiye'deki özel üniversiteleri çok kriterli karar verme (MCDM) yöntemleriyle değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada 72 özel üniversite değerlendirilmiş ve bu üniversiteler için veri tabanı Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu - Özel Üniversiteler 2020 raporundan elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan kriterler; kuruluş tarihi, akademik birim sayısı, toplam öğrenci sayısı, tam zamanlı öğretim üyesi sayısı, öğrenci başına toplam kapalı alan (m2), kütüphane alanı (m2), kütüphanede bulunan basılı kitap sayısı ile e -kitap sayısı, Ar-Ge ve kütüphane harcamalarıdır. Çalışmada ilk önce kriterler AHP (Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci) yöntemine göre ağırlıklandırılmış, daha sonra COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment), SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) ve TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) yöntemleri uygulanarak üç farklı sıralama elde edilmiştir. Son olarak bu üç sıralama Borda Sayım yöntemi ile birleştirilerek tek bir performans sıralaması elde edilmiştir. Borda Sayım yöntemi ile elde edilen bu sıralamaya göre ilk sırada İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi ve son sırada ise T.C. Faruk Saraç Tasarım MYO yer almıştır. Bu çalışmada uygulanan yöntemler bütünleşik bir şekilde daha önce literatürde kullanılmamış ve üniversite karşılaştırmalarında 72 adet alternatif sayısına ulaşılmamıştır.
DIŞ TİCARET FİRMALARINDA TKY ALGISI VE TKY UYGULAMALARININ PERFORMANSA OLAN ETKİSİ
Authors: SARIGÜL Kadriye Kübra , TURAN Fikret Korhan
Published: December 2022

Toplam kalite yönetimi (TKY) uygulamalarının işletme performansı üzerindeki etkisi sektör, firma yapısı ve çalışan profili gibi çeşitli faktörlere göre farklılık gösterebilmektedir ve literatürde bu durumu destekleyen çalışmalar mevcuttur. Yapılan araştırma ile, konu üzerinde yürütülen önceki çalışmalardan farklı olarak, dış ticaret firmaları özelinde, spesifik TKY uygulamalarının hem işletme, hem de çalışan performansı üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, İstanbul ilinde faaliyet gösteren dış ticaret firmaları çalışanları ile iletişime geçilmiş ve basit tesadüfi yöntemle seçilen 368 katılımcının desteğiyle bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Toplanan veri, TKY uygulamaları ile işletme ve çalışan performansı üzerindeki algının, sosyo-demografik özelliklere ve firma niteliklerine göre nasıl değişebileceğini belirlemek amacıyla parametrik istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; çalışanın yaşı, eğitim seviyesi, bulunduğu firmadaki çalışma süresi ve pozisyonu ile çalışılan firmanın faaliyet süresi ve büyüklüğü arttıkça, TKY uygulamalarına yönelik algının da önemli ölçüde arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca, bir bütün olarak, TKY uygulamalarının işletme performansını anlamlı derecede arttırdığı, bu artışın ise daha çok müşteri odaklılık ve personel güçlendirme uygulamaları üzerinden gerçekleştiği görülmüştür. Benzer şekilde, TKY uygulamalarının çalışanların bireysel performansına da anlamlı derecede olumlu katkı yaptığı; ancak, bu olumlu katkının temel olarak müşteri odaklılık ve personel güçlendirme uygulamalarının yanı sıra eğitim uygulamaları aracılığıyla gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir.
Diplomatic Relations Between Ukraine and North Korea: History and Specific Features of Development
Authors: Serhiienko Maksym , Huang Che
Published: December 2022

The relevance of the subject of the study is largely due to the need to investigate the causes and prerequisites for severing diplomatic ties between Ukraine and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea against the background of modern geopolitical changes. The importance of such an analysis lies in the militarisation policy of North Korea, which may affect the partnership of the country with the Ukrainian state. The need to conduct such an examination also lies in the insufficient number of papers on the outlined subject. The purpose of the study was to clarify the main aspects of cooperation between Ukraine and the DPRK during 1992-2022. The methods of scientific knowledge used to conduct the research are: historical, comparative, statistical, systemic, and terminological. The main achievements that were obtained as a result of the study can be outlined as follows: clarification of the course and development of relations between Ukraine and North Korea, examination of the nature of the relevant relations through the analysis of regulatory legal acts concluded between the two states. The attitude of Ukraine to the nuclear potential of the DPRK and the policy towards the unification of the Republic of Korea and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea are outlined. The main reasons why Ukraine declared a statement on the termination of diplomatic relations with the DPRK and the position of North Korea on the annexation and occupation of certain territories of Ukraine, diplomatic relations between Russia and the people’s diplomatic Republic of Korea against the background of a full-scale invasion of the territory of the Ukrainian state by the Russian Federation are clarified. The results of the study can be used by historians, geopolitics, lawyers, and other researchers as a basis for further work on related subjects
CHARACTERISATION OF 3D PRINTED HYDROXYAPITATE POWDER (HAp) FILLED POLYLACTIC ACID (PLA) COMPOSITES
Authors: YERLİ Hatice Kübra , CAVA Kutay , ASLAN Mustafa
Published: December 2022

Biomaterials are used in the treatment of advanced orthopedic diseases. Hydroxyapatite (HA), a bioceramic material, is important in the calcium phosphate family. Since hydroxyapatite exhibits low mechanical properties, it is used together with polylactic acid (PLA), which has biodegradable properties. In this study, HA was obtained by the combustion method and its morphological properties were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemical analyzes by X-ray spectrometry. 3D mechanical test specimens were produced by the Fused Deposition Melting (FDM) technique using PLA-HA composite filaments by using the obtained HA as an additive material. Thermoplastic elastomer was used to examine the effect of compatibilizer in PLA and HA composite materials. Physical (SEM), thermal (thermogravimetric analysis, TGA), and mechanical properties (tensile and compression tests) of PLA-HA composite materials were investigated. According to the results obtained, TPE may have improved the chemical bonds that will form in PLA-HA composite materials. With the new bonds formed and the regular distribution of Hydroxyapatite, the interfacial bonds in PLA+HAP+TPE are better than the others and their thermal stability is more substantial. Due to this thermal stability, at least a percentage weight (70%) loss was seen in PLA+HAP+TPE. When the mechanical properties are examined, the tensile and compressive strength values of PLA+HAP+TPE composites are 29.2% and 12.5% higher than those of PLA+HAP composites, respectively.
DATA MINING AND MACHINE LEARNING APPROACHES IN DATA SCIENCE: PREDICTIVE MODELING OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT CAUSES
Authors: ERSÖZ Taner , ERSÖZ Filiz
Published: December 2022

Due to the increasing number of deaths and injuries in traffic accidents today, it has become necessary to examine the potential contributing risk factors. The increase in the number of vehicles today leads to an increase in traffic accidents and loss of life and property. Analytical models are presented to investigate the socio-economic, demographic and temporal effects of the factors affecting the level of injury resulting from traffic accidents. By examining the data of various traffic accidents and developing a model, the factors and hazards affecting traffic accidents can be determined by data mining and machine learning approaches. The aim of this study is to determine which classification techniques are important for analyzing traffic accidents and to find out the factor that affects traffic accidents among the variables used in the research. The "Random Forest" algorithm, which gives the best model result among the techniques used in the research, was found. Weather conditions were found to be the most important factor among the factors that lead to traffic accidents, followed by the age and education of the driver. This study is a traceable application in terms of revealing the differences between data mining and machine learning and following the processes.
Skin Lesion Classification towards Melanoma Detection Using EfficientNetB3
Authors: Saumya Salian  , Sudhir Sawarkar
Published: December 2022

The rise of incidences of melanoma skin cancer is a global health problem. Skin cancer, if diagnosed at an early stage, enhances the chances of a patient’s survival. Building an automated and effective melanoma classification system is the need of the hour. In this paper, an automated computer-based diagnostic system for melanoma skin lesion classification is presented using fine-tuned EfficientNetB3 model over ISIC 2017 dataset. To improve classification results, an automated image pre-processing phase is incorporated in this study, it can effectively remove noise artifacts such as hair structures and ink markers from dermoscopic images. Comparative analyses of various advanced models like ResNet50, InceptionV3, InceptionResNetV2, and EfficientNetB0-B2 are conducted to corroborate the performance of the proposed model. The proposed system also addressed the issue of model overfitting and achieved a precision of 88.00%, an accuracy of 88.13%, recall of 88%, and F1-score of 88%.
Is the Tocharian Mule an “Iranian Horse” or a “Turkic Donkey”? Further examples for Proto-Turkic */t₂/ [ts]
Authors: ÜNAL Orçun
Published: December 2022

Tocharian B etswe ‘mule’ is a newly attested word. It has been identified as a loan from Iranian *atswa (< Proto-Indo-European *h₁ék̂wos ‘horse’). The present study proposes a Turkic etymology for the Tocharian word in question. It has been suggested that the Proto- Turkic form *ät₂gä [ɛtsʰˈɣɛ] ‘donkey’, the origin of the Common Turkic äšgäk and Khalaj äšgä, is the source of the Tocharian B etswe. Tocharian /w/ is a substitution of the Proto-Turkic phoneme */g/. An etymology has also been proposed for Proto-Turkic *ät₂gä. According to this, the form *ät₂gä originally denotes ‘eared (animal)’ and derives from the root *ät₂i ‘ear’, which is also the root of the verb *ät₂id- ‘to hear’ (> Common Turkic äšid-, Chuvash ilt-). The Proto-Turkic root *ät₂i ‘ear’ is related to the Akkadian ḫasīsu(m) /hatsītsu(m)/ ‘ear; wisdom’ and further Akkadian loanwords in Turkic are discussed.
Pregled međunarodnih osiguratelja na tržištu osiguranja CEE regije
Authors: Engl Georg
Published: December 2022

Cilj je ovog rada pružiti pregled tržišta osiguranja odabranih CEE zemalja s fokusom na grupacije međunarodnih osiguratelja koje su u njima prisutne. U radu se pruža kvalitativni pregled strateške uključenosti međunarodnih osiguratelja u razvoj tržišta osiguranja CEE regije. Iz originalnih izvora odabranih zemalja (Bugarska, Hrvatska, Češka Republika, Mađarska, Poljska, Rumunjska, Slovačka, Slovenija) izvučeni su specifični indikatori utjecaja na tržište te su izračunati relevantni parametri. Prema rezultatima rada, grupacije međunarodnih osiguratelja duboko su uključene u otvaranje i razvoj tržišta osiguranja u CEE regiji i podupiru tranziciju ka naprednom tržišnom gospodarstvu. Općenito, regijom dominiraju međunarodni osiguratelji, ali nekoliko tržišnih indikatora se razlikuje po državama. Budući da su tržišta u regiji relativno mala, cilj međunarodnih osiguratelja je dostići relevantnu veličinu i ekonomiju razmjera, te ako ne postignu taj cilj, moći ponovno izaći. Zaključuje se da je većina velikih međunarodnih grupacija prisutno u regiji. U prošlosti su sudjelovale u značajnim koracima razvoja tržišta, kao što su privatizacija, liberalizacija tržišta i raznolike transakcije spajanja i preuzimanja.
TÜRK KAMU BANKALARININ MİSYON VE VİZYONLARINA YÖNELİK NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ESMER Yusuf , YÜKSEL Muhammet
Published: December 2022

İş koşullarının ve rekabetin değişkenlik gösterdiği günümüz iş dünyasında, örgütlerin faaliyetlerinde başarılı ve sürdürülebilir olmaları stratejik yönetim olgusuna bağlıdır. Stratejik yönetim süreci birçok evreden oluşmakta olup, en önemli evrelerinden biri de stratejik yönlendirmedir. Stratejik yönlendirmeyi oluşturan unsurların başında ise misyon ve vizyon gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türk kamu bankalarının misyon ve vizyonlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kapsamında içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, kamu bankalarının misyon ve vizyon ifadeleri bankaların kurumsal web sitelerinden taranarak incelenmiş, misyon ve vizyonlar karşılaştırılarak misyon ve vizyon arasında bir uyum olup olmadığı ve literatüre uygunlukları tartışılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, kamu bankalarının misyon ve vizyonlarının kısmen uyumlu olduğu, misyon ve vizyon ifadelerinin literatüre kısmen uygun olduğu, ifadelerden misyon ve vizyon arasındaki ayrımın yeterince anlaşılamadığı belirlenmiştir.
colonialidade do "problema da favela": ensaio sobre a cidade latino-americana
Authors: Davies Frank Andrew
Published: December 2022

Partindo da favela como representação "problemática" da cidade latino-americana, cotejo neste ensaio reflexões acerca da colonialidade presente nas interpretações sociológicas sobre o tema. Ao analisar figurações em torno das territorialidades negras, retomo a noção de quilombo sob a perspectiva de sua transmutação aos dias de hoje. Indicando aspectos de continuidade que atualizam o passado colonial, são propostas articulações em torno de temas e problemas comumente dispersos nos tempos e espaços dos enquadramentos analíticos. Desse modo, este trabalho se envolve no debate a respeito dos saberes produzidos em torno das cidades do Sul Global, levando em conta as condições em que a raça é entremeada à experiência histórica de produção desses espaços. Por meio desse esforço, busco inspirar discussões e valorizar estudos que exploram as dimensões raciais que constituem essas cidades.
Determination of the optimal mode of laser surface marking of aluminium composite panels with CO2 laser
Authors:   University of Ruse ", Yankov Emil ,   Angel Kanchev",   , Ruse, Bulgaria, Minev Roussi ,   University of Ruse "Angel Kanchev", Ruse, Bulgaria, Tonchev Nikolay ,   University of Transport, Sofia, Bulgaria, Lazov Lyubomir ,   Rezekne Academy of Technologies, Rēzekne, Latvia
Published: December 2022

This research examines an approach for finding the optimal modes of laser treatment with CO2 laser on advertisement boards made of aluminium composite panels. To achieve the optimal area of the processing mode, an experimental methodology has been developed and an experiment has been planned for finding the limits at the given parameters of the speed and power to obtain an optimisation model. The optimal results are obtained at speeds from 100 to 200 mm/s along the x and y operative axes, as well as the power limits from 5 to 7.5 W to obtain a clear and well-defined image. The defined theoretical mode, obtained because of multicriteria optimisation, is implemented in practice. It is defined as having the relatively best quality image obtained in the shortest time.
THE WESTERN MAKSURAH OF THE GREAT MOSQUE OF DİYARBAKIR, RESEARCH AND EXCAVATION
Authors: HALİFEOĞLU Fatma Meral , ASSENAT Martine
Published: December 2022

Diyarbakır Great Mosque is a community building located in the district of Cami-i Kebir in the northwest of the traditional city area surrounded by walls. The building on Gazi Street opposite Hasan Pasha Han is inside the road, and the eastern entrance overlooks a square which very likely corresponds to the old forum of the city of Amida. Surrounded by the streets to the North and West, the South overlooks the traditional Sipahi Bazaar. Around the full court near the square of the building, in the south there are: Hanafis section, Shafis section, northern vestibule, Mesudiye Madrasa and its southern portico, a traditional house, and a lavatory. To the east, there is a library, which used to be apparently a timing room (muvakkithane) and an entrance to the East (Eastern Maksurah). To the west, in the Western portico (Western Maksurah), that also includes the Western entrance, there is a Qur'anic school. The octagonal and pointed pyramidal coned fountain, built during the Ottoman period, and the prayer hall and pool, which were raised with several steps, form the other units in the spacious courtyard. In the north of the courtyard, we can find the portico of Mesudiye Madrasa. There is also a solar clock in front of the northern vestibule.

The aims of this study are:

● introducing the excavations in the Diyarbakır Great Mosque Western Maksurah and explaining the reasons of these excavations;

● presenting the results of these excavations;

● giving information on the excavation findings;

●explaining the importance of research excavations in restoration works.

The evaluations made for the preservation of the excavation findings, which were deemed necessary during the restoration works in the great Mosque, will also be explained in this study.
Hydrated C60 fullerene, glioblastoma hücre hattında parthanatosu arttırır ve otofaji ile ilgili biyobelirteçleri indükler
Authors: FARAJ Aryan M. , NEDZVETSKY Victor , TYKHOMYROV Artem , BAYDAŞ Gıyasettin , ASLAN Abdullah , AGCA Can Ali
Published: December 2022

Glioblastoma, kemo ve radyoterapiye karşı dirençli, en agresif beyin kanseri tiplerinden biridir. C60 fulleren türevi nanopartiküller, çeşitli modellerde antikanser aktivite amacı ile geliştirilmektedir. Birçok kemoterapi ajanının aksine, bu fulleren çeşitli konsantrasyonlarda toksik değildir. C60 fulleren, birçok biyomedikal uygulama için umut verici bir adaydır. Bu nedenle, suda çözünür hydrated C60 fullerene'in (HyC60Fn) insan glioblastoma U373 hücresinde PARP, Beclin1, LC3 ve GFAP ekspresyonu üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Hücre canlılığı ve göçü, sırasıyla MTT ve yara iyileşmesi testi ile belirlendi. PARP, Beclin1 ve LC3 ekspresyonu western blot ile ve GFAP ise immünositokimya ile tespit edildi. 0.5 – 2.0 µM doz aralığındaki HyC60Fn, doza bağlı bir şekilde hücre canlılığını azalttığı belirlendi. Ayrıca, HyC60Fn 1.0 ve 2.0 µM dozları, glioblastoma hücre göçünü belirgin şekilde bastırmıştır. Mekanizma olarak, HyC60Fn'nin otofaji belirteçleri olarak Beclin-1'i ve LC3-II/LC3-I ekspresyon oranını belirgin şekilde yukarı regüle ettiği belirlendi. Ayrıca, suda çözünür HyC60Fn’nin PARP fragmanı ve bu durumun doğal sonuç olarak glioblastoma U373 hücrelerinde parthanatos aktive ettiği belirlendi. Mevcut sonuçlar, HyC60Fn'nin, glioblastoma hücrelerinde şiddetli otofaji akışı ve parthanatos kombinasyonu yoluyla anti-tümör etkisini başlatabildiğini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle HyC60Fn, glioblastoma hücrelerinin reaktivitesini ve programlanmış hücre ölümünü modüle ederek en azından kısmen hücre ölüm mekanizmasını etkiler. Bulgularımız, HyC60Fn 'in umut verici bir kanser karşıtı terapötik olabileceğini ve bu konuda daha fazla çalışmanın gerekli olduğunu göstermektedir.
EFFECT OF AZIMUTH ANGLE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A SMALL-SCALE ON-GRID PV SYSTEM
Authors: AKSOY Muharrem Hilmi , ÇİYLEZ İsmail , İSPİR Murat
Published: December 2022

Abstract: In this study, the effective solar irradiation on the PV surface, electricity generation, and performance ratios of a small-scale system were investigated for a 100 kW on-grid PV system in Konya, Turkey, by PVsyst software. Five different azimuth angles as -30°, -15°, 0°, 15°, and 30° were investigated for no-shading simulations with a fixed optimum tilt angle of 33°. As a result, the highest effective solar radiation comes to the system with an azimuth of 0° as 1966.4 kWh/m², which is 2.12%, 0.46%, 0.79%, and 2.66% greater than the other azimuth angles of -30°, -15°, 15° and 30°, respectively. On the other hand, it is seen that the highest energy production is obtained from the system with an azimuth angle of 0° with annual energy of 174.33 MWh. This value is 1.91%, 0.37%, 0.89%, and 2.8% greater than the other azimuth angles of -30°, -15°, 15°, and 30°, respectively. In addition, to evaluate the shading effect on the performance of the PV panels, two different panel spacings as, 4 m and 8 m, were also considered. It was seen that the electricity generation with an 8 m span system was 8.88% better than the 4m. Another finding is that the height of the panels is negligible according to electricity generation. Finally, the highest performance ratio is obtained from the azimuth angle of 0°, as 0.857.
Wbb ̅ QCD Predictions in Proton Proton Collisions for the LHC and FCC
Authors: DİLSİZ Kamuran
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma, Büyük Hadron Çarpıştırıcısı (BHÇ) ve Gelecekteki Dairesel Çarpıştırıcı (FCC) için 14, 27 ve 100 TeV kütle merkez enerjilerinde Wbb ̅ üretim kanalının leading order (LO) ve next-to-leading order (NLO) kuantum renk dinamiği (QCD) tesir kesitlerini sunmaktadır. Sayısal sonuçları elde etmek için beş farklı parton dağıtım fonksiyonu (PDF) kullanılmış ve PDF hataları MCFM Monte Carlo programı ile elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca renormalizasyon ve faktörizasyon ölçeklerinin farklı değerleri için scale hata payı hesaplaması yapılmıştır. W üretim kanalında elde edilen scale hata paylarının aksine Wbb ̅ üretim kanalında NLO QCD'deki scale hata payları LO QCD’deki scale hata paylarından daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Artan enerjinin hata payları üzerindeki etkisini test etmek için, artan enerji ile scale, PDF ve α_S belirsizliklerinin karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, bu çalışmada kullanılan simülasyon kodunun doğruluğunu onaylamak için √s=7 TeV enerji değerinde elde edilen sonuçlar ile aynı enerjideki CMS verileri karşılaştırılmıştır. Yazılmış olan kodların doğruluğunun onaylanmasından sonra, Wbb ̅ üretim kanalının √s= 14, 27 ve 100 TeV'deki LO ve NLO QCD tesir kesitleri hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra √s= 7 TeV enerjisindeki veri ile aynı istatistiğe sahip verinin elde edilmesi için √s= 14, 27 ve 100 TeV enerjilerinde ihtiyaç duyulan veri miktarı hesaplanmıştır.
Farklı anaçlar üzerinde yetiştirilen Boğazkere ve Kalecik Karası üzüm çeşitlerinin salkım ve şıra özellikleri
Authors: YAĞCI Adem , BOZKURT Abdurrahim
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında Kavaklıdere Şarapları A.Ş’nin Kırşehir/Toklumen bağlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada; farklı anaçlar (110 R, 1103 P ve 140 Ru) üzerinde yetiştirilen Boğazkere ve Kalecik Karası çeşitlerinde ben düşmeden hasat dönemine kadar salkım, tane, şıra (SÇKM), pH, toplam asitlik, toplam fenolik, flavonoid ve antosiyanin içeriklerinin zamana bağlı olarak değişimleri incelenmiştir. Ben düşme ile hasat dönemi arasında her iki yılda Boğazkere ve Kalecik Karası’nın salkım ve tane ağırlığında artış, tane sertliğinde ise olgunlaşma ile birlikte yumuşama görülmüştür. Çeşitlerin SÇKM ve pH değerleri ben düşmeden olgunlaşmaya doğru artarken toplam asitlik değerleri azalmıştır. Ben düşme döneminde yüksek olan toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içerikleri hasat dönemine doğru azalırken, antosiyanin içerikleri hem kabukta hem de pulpta olgunlaşma ile birlikte artış göstermiştir. Her iki çeşit 110 R ve 1103 P anaçları bakımından değişkenlik gösterse de 140 Ru anacına göre salkım ve ve tane ağırlığı bakımından daha yüksek değerler vermiştir. İki yılın hasat döneminde toplam fenolik ve antosiyanin içeriği bakımından Boğazkere, flavonoid içeriği bakımından ise Kalecik Karası çeşidi ön plana çıkmıştır. Çeşitlerin salkım ve tane ağırlıkları ile SÇKM, pH, toplam asitlik, toplam fenolik madde, flavonoid ve antosiyanin içerikleri çeşide, anaca ve yıla göre değişkenlik göstermiştir.
New data on sulphosalts from the hydrothermal siderite-type veins in the Spišsko-gemerské rudohorie Mts. (eastern Slovakia): 4. Tennantite-(Hg) from the Vyšný Klátov ore occurrence
Authors: Števko Martin , Sejkora Jiří , Mikuš Tomáš , Peterec Dušan
Published: December 2022

A new occurrence of tennantite-(Hg) was recently confirmed at the Vyšný Klátov ore occurrence, Spišsko-gemerské rudohorie Mts., Košice-okolie Co., Košice Region, Slovakia. Tennantite-(Hg) occurs as lead-gray to black grains and aggregates up to 1 cm in size, associated with cinnabar, chalcopyrite, pyrite and hematite. Reflectance data of tennantite-(Hg) are given in this paper. The refined unit-cell parameters of tennantite-(Hg) from the Vyšný Klátov (for the cubic space group I-43m) are: a 22.523(7) Å and V 3105.4(1) Å3. Empirical chemical formulae of the two studied samples of tennantite-(Hg) from the Vyšný Klátov ore occurrence, recalculated on the basis of ΣMe = 16 apfu are: (Cu5.97Ag0.03)Σ6.00[Cu3.99(Hg1.95Fe0.10)Σ2.05](As3.57Sb0.39)Σ3.96S13.21 (sample VK1, n = 21) and (Cu5.99Ag0.01)Σ6.00[Cu4.05(Hg1.91Fe0.08)Σ1.99] (As3.79Sb0.15)Σ3.94S13.26 (sample VK3, n = 29).
Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular basis of the response to acute hypoxic stress in blood clam Scapharca broughtonii
Authors: Wang Zhenyuan , Zhang Gaowei , Ge Guangyu , Wu Lina , Wang Yan , Liu Zhihong , Zhou Liqing , Sun Xiujun , Wu Biao
Published: December 2022

Hypoxia tolerance and adaptive regulation are important for aquatic animals, especially for species with poor mobility, such as most bivalves. Previous studies have confirmed that the blood clam Scapharca broughtonii has strong hypoxia resistance. However, the molecular mechanism supporting its hypoxic tolerance is still largely limited. To further screen the genes and their potential regulation of hypoxia tolerance, the transcriptome changes of S. broughtonii after acute hypoxic stress were explored by RNA sequencing. In this study, the average value of Q30 is 92.89%, indicating that the quality of sequencing is relatively high. The Unigenes obtained were annotated using four databases, namely Interpo, KEGG, Swisspro and TrEMBL. The annotation rates in these four databases were 71.82%, 75.95%, 92.98%, and 79.26%, respectively. And also, there were 649 DEGs in group B (dissolved oxygen (DO) of 2.5 mg/L) compared with group D (DO of 7.5 mg/L), among which 252 were up-regulated, and 397 were down-regulated. There were 965 DEGs in group A (DO of 0.5 mg/L), 2.5 mg/L, and 7.5 mg/L, compared with group B, among which 530 were up-regulated, and 435 were down-regulated. Meanwhile, there were 2,040 DEGs in group A compared with group D, among which 901 were up-regulated, and 1,139 were down-regulated. The main metabolic-related pathways of KEGG enriched in this study included Insulin secretion, Insulin signaling pathway, MAPK signal transduction pathway, and PPAR signaling pathway. These pathways may be critical metabolic pathways to solve energy demand and rebuild energy balance in S. broughtonii under hypoxic conditions. This study preliminarily clarified the response of S. broughtonii to hypoxia stress on the molecular levels, providing a reference for the following study on the response laws of related genes and pathways under environmental stress of S. broughtonii.
Development of an Android Application-Based Marketing Management Information System for FIK UNY Tennis Courts to Increase the Promotion
Authors:   Yogyakarta State University, Jl. Colombo Yogyakarta No.1, Karang Malang, DI Yogyakarta, 55283, Indonesia, Saputra Danny Eka Wahyu , Nugroho Sigit ,   Yogyakarta State University, Jl. Colombo Yogyakarta No.1, Karang Malang, DI Yogyakarta, 55283, Indonesia, Suherman Wawan Sundawan ,   Yogyakarta State University, Jl. Colombo Yogyakarta No.1, Karang Malang, DI Yogyakarta, 55283, Indonesia, Nasrulloh Ahmad ,   Yogyakarta State University, Jl. Colombo Yogyakarta No.1, Karang Malang, DI Yogyakarta, 55283, Indonesia, Sulistiyono Sulistiyono ,   Yogyakarta State University, Jl. Colombo Yogyakarta No.1, Karang Malang, DI Yogyakarta, 55283, Indonesia
Published: December 2022

This research is development research with the 4 D approach model, namely: define, design, develop, and disseminate. Data collection techniques were obtained from observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The subjects of this study were users of FIK UNY tennis courts which included permanent users, Selabora coaches, Selabora students, parents of Selabora students, UNY Tennis UKM, incidental users, and tennis court management admins of FIK UNY. Research data analysis techniques were obtained from questionnaires that had been filled in by media experts, material experts, and tennis court users at FIK UNY. The results of this study are an android-based FIK UNY tennis court marketing management application product. The feasibility level of this product is known through the material expert validation assessment with the Very Eligible category, while the results of the media expert validation assessment with the Eligible category. This product also went through a small-scale test, and a large-scale test, with the results of the two-scale tests in the Very Eligible category. The results of the validity test with a value of 0.875 and the reliability test were obtained with a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.618, so it can be concluded that the instruments that have been compiled are declared valid and reliable. Based on the results of the effectiveness test, shows that the calculated g value is 0.5072,
PENGARUH PELATIHAN KOMPENSASI PROMOSI JABATAN DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI PT. MANDIRI PERMAI JAKARTA
Authors: Adwishanty Putu Ruth
Published: December 2022

Sumber Daya Manusia merupakan hal yang penting dalam bisnis organisasi. Sumber daya manusia dalam konteks ini adalah seluruh pegawai dari level bawah sampai level yang lebih tinggi. Semua karyawan dapat memberikan kontribusi baik atau buruk bagi perusahaan karena keberhasilan atau bencana perusahaan tergantung pada kinerja karyawannya. Oleh karena itu, manajemen puncak menyadari pentingnya meningkatkan kinerja karyawan. Pelatihan, Kompensasi, Promosi Kerja, dan Lingkungan Kerja memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan. Dengan demikian dianggap sebagai hal utama bagi setiap organisasi. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pelatihan, kompensasi, promosi kerja, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan dan memberikan saran bagaimana perusahaan dapat meningkatkan kinerja karyawannya melalui program-program yang efektif. Variabel Independen adalah : Pelatihan (X1), Kompensasi (X2), Promosi Kerja (X3), dan Lingkungan Kerja (X4). Variabel terikatnya adalah Kinerja Karyawan (Y). Pendekatan penelitian untuk penelitian ini berdasarkan penelitian kuantitatif seperti wawancara, observasi, dan angket. Model dianalisis dengan menggunakan software statistik smartPLS 2.0. data berbasis survei dikumpulkan 125 responden. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pelatihan, kompensasi, prestasi kerja, dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan.