bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differentiated Instruction in In-Person Classes and the Enhancement of Analytical Thinking Skills of Grade 7 Students in Araling Panlipunan
Authors: Emralino Mark Paul I.
Published: June 2023

Differentiated instruction aims to meet the individual differences and learning styles of students through different classroom management strategies. This research study investigated the utilization of differentiated instruction and the enhancement of analytical thinking skills of Grade 7 students in Araling Panlipunan in Col. Lauro D. Dizon Memorial Integrated High School. This research study employed a quasi-experimental research design specifically a Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Groups Design. Two regular sections consisting of eighty (80) heterogeneously-grouped learners comprised the experimental group and control group. This study utilized a homogenous convenience sampling wherein two (2) equal groups of learners from two heterogenous sections were identified. The researcher constructed three self-made semi-detailed lesson plans to cover the first three weeks of third grading period incorporated with differentiated instruction approach. Survey questionnaire and pre-test and post-test were utilized. Frequency and percentage were utilized. Mean and standard deviation was also utilized. Pearson-moment correlation was used in measuring the perception of the respondents. Furthermore, Paired Samples T-test were utilized for the pre-test and post-test instrument. Findings of the study revealed that the students perceived the use of differentiated instruction as to content, process, product, and affect/environment as "observed". The experimental group performed better compared to the control group. There is a significant difference between the pre-test and posttest scores of both the control and experimental groups. There is no significant relationship between the perception on the use of differentiated instruction and the analytical thinking skills of students in Araling Panlipunan.
Exploring the Associations between Happiness, Lifesatisfaction, Anxiety, and Emotional Regulation among Adults during the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia
Authors: Kornienko Dmitriy S. , Rudnova Natalya A.
Published: June 2023

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic is not only a world health crisis, but also an ordeal for people’s mental health and psychological well-being. The period of the COVID-19 lockdown has changed everyday life and increased anxiety, fears, and stress from habitual activities such as meetings, shopping, and the use of public transport. As the worry and nervousness increase, they threaten the cognitive (Life-satisfaction) and emotional (Happiness) components of well-being. Emotional regulation strategies are a mechanism to cope with the threat. Objective. This study assessed the impact of anxiety, perceived stress from COVID-19, and emotional regulation strategies on well-being during the first weeks of the lockdown in Russia. Design. Questionnaire-based surveys were conducted online from March 31 to April 30, 2020. A total of 589 participants (18 to 73 years of age) were recruited. The Subjective Happiness Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Perceived Source of Stress from COVID-19 scales were used. Results. Among the various sources of stress, only that from restrictions on everyday life impacted well-being. High anxiety, but not perceived stress, decreased the feelings of Happiness and Life-satisfaction. Additionally, emotional regulation strategies played different roles in their impact on well-being: Cognitive reappraisal lowered negative emotions, but emotional suppression increased dissatisfaction with life. Conclusion. These findings suggest that people’s effective and relevant regulation of their emotions during public health emergencies and ability to avoid losses caused by crisis events, have become urgent needs, requiring the development of psychological interventions to support well-being.
Beyond the Pandemic – Poverty and School Education in Scotland
Authors: McKinney Stephen J. , Graham Archie , Hall Stuart , Hunter Katie , Jaap Angela , Lowden Kevin , MacDougall Lindsay , McKendrick John H. , Mtika Peter , Moscardini Lio , Reid Lisamarie , Ritchie Michelle , Robson Dean , Shanks Rachel , Stettin Sebastian , Wilson Alastair
Published: June 2023

The introduction of Universal Credit and the effects of the economic crisis precipitated by the Covid-19 pandemic, compounded by the Russian invasion of Ukraine, have all contributed to a rise in the levels of poverty and child poverty in Scotland and the wider United Kingdom. The rise in child poverty will have an impact on an increasing number of children and young people and their effective engagement with school education. This article presents a series of research findings and insights by leading researchers from Scottish Universities on key themes in Scottish education that were highly relevant in the pre-Covid and pre-war era, themes that will continue to be highly relevant in the forthcoming years. The themes are: Education in Local Child Poverty Action Reports; Digital Poverty and Education; School Uniform; Challenges for music education in Scotland and Teacher preparation for educational inclusion.
What role can affect and emotion play in academic and research information literacy practices?
Authors: Hewitt Alex
Published: June 2023

While significant progress has been made in broadening information literacy’s (IL’s) scope, its conception of the user and their relationship to information remains painfully limited. This is particularly evident when the affective or emotional factors of information seeking behaviour are considered. Thus far, IL’s models and discourses have failed to acknowledge emotion’s fundamentally disruptive nature and have either ignored, repressed, or misrepresented users’ emotions. This has resulted in a deeply limited and inaccurate conception of the user’s information needs, and this has a particularly harmful impact on marginalised users and users engaging with affectively fraught information. This article seeks to address this oversight, initially by outlining the origins of IL’s repression of emotion and then examining the consequences of this repression in the standardised IL models; specifically in Carol C. Kuhlthau’s Information Search Process and the ACRL’s Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education. Subsequently, this essay will examine several critical models of librarianship and IL—including Holocaust librarianship and Indigenous conceptions of relationality—in order to illuminate models of IL that adopt a relational perspective that enables an engagement with the affective elements of the user’s information needs. Finally, this essay will suggest that these relational perspectives facilitate the adoption of an ethics of care that helps address the insufficiencies inherent to our current conceptions of IL.
Critical workplace information literacy
Authors: Šobota Dijana
Published: June 2023

In this paper, the author explores the prospect of, and the rationale for, the critical workplace information literacy (CWIL) construct, by situating it at the junction of critical information literacy (CIL) and workplace information literacy (WIL), the two hitherto discrete frameworks and subdomains of information literacy (IL). This preliminary attempt at the conceptualisation of a new construct was guided by the question of what role CIL can play in empowering workers to attain decent work. The author frames the conceptualisation around the ‘decent work’ (DW) concept, as a normative goal of the critical workplace information literacy construct, and discusses the rationale for it in the framework of the discussion on the decent work deficits in the contemporary work and information environment. Freire’s critical hermeneutics and dialectics of voice and empowerment are drawn upon. The paper argues positively for the role of CIL in attaining decent work and for the need for a new construct that would help fill the knowledge and discursive gap in IL and its subdomains and overcome the current silos in the IL community. The author concludes that developing a concept requires a broad deliberative process informed by both theoretical and empirical research, and gives suggestions for future research.
‘They burn so bright whilst you can only wonder why’
Authors: Flynn Darren , Crewe Teresa , Hare Rosie , Maroo Krishna , Preater Andrew
Published: June 2023

In this article we connect critical librarianship and its practices of information literacy (IL) with working-class experiences of higher education (HE). Although the research literature and professional body of knowledge of critical information literacy (CIL), is one of the most theoretically-developed areas of wider critical librarianship (Critlib) movement, working-class knowledge and experiences remain underrepresented.
One reason for this is that the values, behaviour and assumptions of library and HE workers are shaped by a HE system which inculcates middle-class values and cultural capitals within students, and stigmatises working-class students as lacking or in deficit. Hegemonic, or non-critical, IL proselytises middle-class values and assumptions about academic practices and skills development including the notion of an ideal student with behaviour and markers of identity which reflect those most privileged by wider society. In contrast CIL, framed as the socially-just practice of IL is theoretically well-placed to support working-class library workers in destabilising this alongside middle-class accomplices.
Employing Yosso’s (2005) concept of community and cultural wealth (CCW), we analyse how library workers can recognise working-class cultural wealth within the context of CIL and wider working practices. As such narrative accounts are lacking in the literature, we utilise collaborative autoethnography (CAE) (Chang et al., 2013) to consider and interpret our own experiences of libraries when we were university students ourselves, and more recently as HE workers of working-class heritage.
Typification of the North American species of Trillium subg. Trillium (Melanthiaceae: Parideae)
Authors: FLODEN AARON J. , WESLEY M. KNAPP
Published: June 2023

Here we provide type information and synonymy for the accepted North American species of Trillium subg. Trillium and notes on the distribution and character variation for some species. Lectotypes are designated for T. flexipes, T. rugelii and T. vaseyi. We also lectotypify the names T. cernuum var. declinatum f. billingtonii and T. cernuum var. declinatum f. walpolei, which have been associated with both T. cernuum and T. flexipes; T. cernuum f. tangerae; and T. rhomboideum var. album (=T. rugelii), which has often been associated with T. erectum.
Phylogenetic relationships within the cahirinus-dimidiatus group of the genus Acomys (Rodentia: Muridae): new mitochondrial lineages from Sahara, Iran and the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: FRYNTA DANIEL , PALUPČÍKOVÁ KLÁRA , BELLINVIA ERICA , BENDA PETR , SKARLANTOVÁ HANA , SCHWARZOVÁ LUCIE , MODRÝ DAVID
Published: June 2023

Spiny mice belonging to the cahirinus-dimidiatus group of the genus Acomys have become a widely used model in physiology and behaviour. To improve current knowledge concerning the phylogeny of this taxon, we analysed 24 samples from Libya, Chad, Egypt, Jordan, Cyprus, Crete, Turkey, Yemen and Iran. We sequenced the whole mitochondrial control region and part of the flanking tRNA genes for a total length of 986 to 996 bp and described 22 haplotypes. Our results confirmed that the Afro-Mediterranean and Asian clades are clearly distinct (p-distance = 6-8.1%). The former clade corresponds to A. cahirinus sensu lato (i.e. including also the Cretan A. minous, Cypriot A. nesiotes and Turkish A. cilicicus). Haplotypes of A. cahirinus from the E Sahara (S Egypt, SW Libya, N Chad) grouped with those of A. cilicicus and A. minous (p-distance ≤ 2.2%), while haplotypes of A. nesiotes grouped with one haplotype representing the commensal A. cahirinus from Cairo (p-distance = 1.2%). Close similarity among haplotypes from mainland Africa and NE Mediterranean (clade A. cahirinus sensu stricto) support the hypothesis that ancestors of A. nesiotes, A. cilicicus and A. minous dispersed most probably as commensal populations, thus questioning their status of valid species. The most surprising finding was the considerable genetic variation in Asia. In addition to a haplogroup from Sinai and Jordan (corresponding to A. dimidiatus sensu stricto), we detected two previously unknown haplogroups, from Yemen and Iran + United Arab Emirates. These clades are fairly distinct and separate species/subspecies status of these animals might be further considered.
Axonopsis kermanica nom. n., a new replacement name for the water mite A. iranica Pešić & Asadi, 2010 (Acari: Hydrachnidia, Aturidae)
Authors: PEŠIĆ VLADIMIR , ASADI MAHDIEH
Published: June 2023

Recently, we published the name Axonopsis (Hexaxonopsis) iranica Pešić & Asadi, 2010, for a new species of water mites of the family Aturidae from Kerman Province, Iran (Asadi et al. 2010). Unfortunately, this name was already preoccupied by Pešić et al. (2009) for Axonopsis (Vicinaxonopsis) iranica Pesic, Jabaleh & Saboori, 2009, thus, the specific name A. iranica Pešić & Asadi, 2010 is a junior homonym that should be replaced by a new name (ICZN 1999). We propose a new name, Axonopsis kermanica nom. n., for the binomen Axonopsis iranica Pešić & Asadi, 2010.
A Methodology for Estimating the Energy and Moisture Budget of the Convective Boundary Layer Using Continuous Ground-Based Infrared Spectrometer Observations
Authors: Wakefield R. A. , Turner D. D. , Rosenberger T. , Heus T. , Wagner T. J. , Santanello J. , Basara J.
Published: June 2023

Land–atmosphere interactions play a critical role in both the atmospheric water and energy cycles. Changes in soil moisture and vegetation alter the partitioning of surface water and energy fluxes, influencing diurnal evolution of the planetary boundary layer (PBL). The mixing-diagram framework has proven useful in understanding the evolution of the heat and moisture budget within the convective boundary layer (CBL). We demonstrate that observations from the Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains site provide all of the needed inputs needed for the mixing-diagram framework, allowing us to quantify the impact from the surface fluxes, advection, radiative heating, encroachment, and entrainment on the evolution of the CBL. Profiles of temperature and humidity retrieved from the ground-based infrared spectrometer [Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI)] are a critical component in this analysis. Large-eddy simulation results demonstrate that mean mixed-layer values derived are shown to be critical to close the energy and moisture budgets. A novel approach demonstrated here is the use of network of AERIs and Doppler lidars to quantify the advective fluxes of heat and moisture. The framework enables the estimation of the entrainment fluxes as a residual, providing a way to observe the entrainment fluxes without using multiple lidar systems. The high temporal resolution of the AERI observations enables the morning, midday, and afternoon evolution of the CBL to be quantified. This work provides a new way to use observations in this framework to evaluate weather and climate models.

Significance Statement

The energy and moisture budget of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) is influenced by multiple sources, and accurately representing this evolution in numerical models is critical for weather forecasts and climate predictions. The mixing-diagram approach, driven by profiling observations as illustrated here, provides a powerful way to quantify the contributions from each of these sources. In particular, the energy and moisture mixed into the PBL from above the PBL can be determined accurately from ground-based remote sensors using this approach.
The Effect of Greenhouse Gas–Induced Warming on the Impact of El Niño and La Niña Events on Daily Precipitation Extremes in the Boreal Cold Season
Authors: Sun Qiaohong , Zwiers Francis , Zhang Xuebin , Tan Yaheng
Published: June 2023

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a profound influence on the occurrence of extreme precipitation events at local and regional scales in the present-day climate, and thus it is important to understand how that influence may change under future global warming. We consider this question using the large-ensemble simulations of CESM2, which simulates ENSO well historically. CESM2 projects that the influence of ENSO on extreme precipitation will strengthen further under the SSP3–7.0 scenario in most regions whose extreme precipitation regimes are strongly affected by ENSO in the boreal cold season. Extreme precipitation in the boreal cold season that exceeds historical thresholds is projected to become more common throughout the ENSO cycle. The difference in the intensity of extreme precipitation events that occur under El Niño and La Niña conditions will increase, resulting in “more extreme and more variable hydroclimate extremes.” We also consider the processes that affect the future intensity of extreme precipitation and how it varies with the ENSO cycle by partitioning changes into thermodynamic and dynamic components. The thermodynamic component, which reflects increases in atmospheric moisture content, results in a relatively uniform intensification of ENSO-driven extreme precipitation variation. In contrast, the dynamic component, which reflects changes in vertical motion, produces a strong regional difference in the response to forcing. In some regions, this component amplifies the thermodynamic-induced changes, while in others, it offsets them or even results in reduction in extreme precipitation variation.
Book review: Asiya Alam, Women, Islam and Familial Intimacy in Colonial South Asia
Authors: Narayan Rochisha
Published: June 2023

Asiya Alam, Women, Islam and Familial Intimacy in Colonial South Asia. Leiden: Brill, 2021, 355 pp.
Lying to Police Officers in the Ultimatum Game: An Experimental Study With Israeli Samples
Authors: Elaad Eitan
Published: June 2023

Two studies examined lying, fair sharing, and trust of Israeli police officers and laypeople to police and non-police target persons in the Ultimatum Game. Participants aimed to retain as many resources as possible in a sharing situation. To this end, they could conceal resources from the target person. Thus, a measure of lying was created by letting participants act in a specific role. Results indicated that police officers lied less to police targets than non-police targets. Conversely, laypeople lied more to police targets and less to non-police targets. Police officers' preference for honest sharing with police targets and laypeople’s selfish sharing with police targets signified the first study’s results. Results were explained by ingroup-outgroup differences, further inspired by severe events undermining the Israeli police’s reputation. One year later, similar but weaker results were obtained in a second study. Police officers trusted police targets more than non-police targets, and laypeople trusted police targets less than non-police targets.
The influence of different offset modes on the drainage characteristics of a double stack drainage system in a high-rise building
Authors: Chen Ruoyi , Yan Xin , Shang Yu , Guan Yuxi , Fang Zheng
Published: June 2023

To meet the functional requirements of high-rise buildings, drainage stacks usually employ an offset pipe in the structural transfer floor. At the offset point, the flow direction changes and the air pressure fluctuates, which significantly influences the drainage system capacity and water seal effectiveness. Different offset modes have different degrees of influence on drainage characteristics. To better understand the influence of different offset modes on drainage characteristics, five different test conditions in double stack building drainage systems were established and investigated. DS1 was a standard double-stack drainage system with anti-reflux H-tube joints for every two floor levels. The remaining four systems were developed from DS1 by adopting various offset pipes (or pipe joints) on the fourth floor. DS2 adopted an S-shape offset pipe joint at the offset point. DS3 adopted double S-shape offset pipe joints. DS4 adopted a 1.0-m-long horizontal offset pipe. DS5 adopted a 1.5-m-long horizontal offset pipe. The pressure fluctuations and water seal losses were chosen as the experimental parameters to determine the maximum discharge capacity according to the Standard for Capacity Test of Vertical Pipe of the Domestic Residential Drainage System CJJ/T 245. The experimental results demonstrated that the installation of offset pipes (or pipe joints) contributed to the abrupt positive pressure and severe water seal losses at the position where flow direction shifted. As the length of the offset pipe increased, the positive pressure was more severe, and maximum discharge capacity was minor. The relationships among the maximum discharge rate, pressure fluctuation limits, and water seal losses are discussed. Lastly, a nondimensional analysis was adopted to understand the relationship between water seal losses and pressure limit values under different discharge rates for current test facilities.

Practical application: Pipe offset has the potential to influence a drainage system discharge capacity. As the length of the horizontal offset pipe increases, the discharge capacity will decrease. In the actual design, the length of the offset pipe section should be reduced and this study demonstrates that the application of S-shape offset pipe joints is an efficient solution.
Does Sparseness Matter? Examining the Use of Generalizability Theory and Many-Facet Rasch Measurement in Sparse Rating Designs
Authors: Wind Stefanie A. , Jones Eli , Grajeda Sara
Published: June 2023

Sparse rating designs, where each examinee’s performance is scored by a small proportion of raters, are prevalent in practical performance assessments. However, relatively little research has focused on the degree to which different analytic techniques alert researchers to rater effects in such designs. We used a simulation study to compare the information provided by two popular approaches: Generalizability theory (G theory) and Many-Facet Rasch (MFR) measurement. In previous comparisons, researchers used complete data that were not simulated—thus limiting their ability to manipulate characteristics such as rater effects, and to understand the impact of incomplete data on the results. Both approaches provided information about rating quality in sparse designs, but the MFR approach highlighted rater effects related to centrality and bias more readily than G theory.
Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation Within Organizations: The Role of Passion for Inventing and Organizational Identification
Authors: Schuh Sebastian C. , Kim Tae-Yeol , Wang Xing , Liu Zhi-Qiang
Published: June 2023

In recent years, entrepreneurial orientation (EO) has emerged as a key concept in the management literature, with various studies demonstrating its positive effects on important firm-level outcomes. However, our understanding of whether and how EO shapes dynamics within organizations is still underdeveloped. Thus, by integrating EO and social information–processing theories, this study develops and tests a cross-level contingency model that describes how and when EO cascades through an organization—bridging firm, supervisor, and employee levels. We conducted a three-source, three-wave study involving 280 supervisors and 1,214 employees from 94 organizations to test our model. The results show that firm-level EO is positively related to employees’ creative performance and that supervisors’ and employees’ passion for inventing serves as the central serial mediators for these links. The results also reveal that these cascading effects of EO do not occur unconditionally but depend on an important boundary condition—that is, the extent to which supervisors identify with their organizations. A follow-up study of 238 supervisors from various firms provides further support for the social information–processing perspective of our model. It shows that the link between firm EO and supervisors’ passion for inventing is mediated by perceived normative expectations for creativity. Taken together, these findings offer a new perspective on the internal dynamics of EO, uncover a crucial boundary condition, and provide insights for the effective implementation of EO.
How Do the Young People Picture Out Their Use, Activeness, and Connectivity on Social Media? A Discourse Analysis Approach
Authors: Rahmat Wahyudi , Tiawati Refa Lina , Kemal Edwar , Tatalia Ricci Gemarni , Azri Harizqi , Wulandari Yosi
Published: June 2023

In the past few years, young people have been using social media platforms to inform, share, and deliver their feelings. However, social media platforms like Facebook lost popularity among the young generations. Now, they prefer to interact via social media sites, such as Instagram, as narrative-based features. This study explores how young people use social media to their daily concerns. This article employs an anthropological methodology and discourse analysis to investigate the social media discourses among Padang's young people. As the capital of West Sumatra, Indonesia, Padang city provides a warm and welcoming environment for the young generation, making it an ideal place to grow spiritually and socially. Therefore, these young people's participation in the platforms are influenced by the issues reflecting their daily life. Nevertheless, it is considered that some of their behaviors can be explained by the trend of increased social media usage among their citizens.
Enhanced Aggregate Framework to Model Crash Frequency by Accommodating Zero Crashes by Crash Type
Authors: Jahan Md Istiak , Bhowmik Tanmoy , Eluru Naveen
Published: June 2023

In recent years, joint count and fractional split model structure based approaches have emerged as a credible alternative for multivariate crash frequency dependent variables. However, current approaches in the fractional split theme have a limitation. The fractional split component of these frameworks allocates a proportion to all crash configurations. It is possible that, across spatial units, several crash configurations might have a large share of zero crashes. In the traditional multivariate context, in the presence of a high share of zeros, researchers employ zero-inflated or hurdle variants such as the zero inflated negative binomial model. The current research effort improves the fractional split based multivariate model systems with an explicit consideration for the potential presence of zeros by crash configuration. The newly included binary component can be employed to identify safer (or riskier) zones by crash configuration. The framework also accommodates unobserved heterogeneity across the components of the model system. The proposed model structure is estimated using zonal data from the Central Florida region, U.S., for 2016. The model considered six crash types—rear-end, angle, sideswipe, single-vehicle, multi-vehicle (three or more), and non-motorized crashes. The model estimation is conducted using an exhaustive set of independent variables. The model results clearly highlight the importance of accommodating zero crashes by crash type in the analysis. The model exercise is further augmented with a validation analysis.
Educational equity could be improved by better professional learning - a case study
Authors: Cole Martin James
Published: June 2023

Equal opportunities for children, regardless of socioeconomic status, race, or gender, have been well publicised in recent times with equity in education recognised as an influential factor in social mobility. Progress in this area should not be left to chance; nor should it be dependent on which teacher a child is taught by, which school they attend or the quality of a school's professional development provision. Studies however repeatedly show significant variation in children's learning experiences when compared both within a school and between different schools. The effective leadership of professional learning can act as a positive change vehicle for improving teacher quality and consistency to support educational equity; yet ironically teachers, whose core purpose is to help their students learn, often experience ineffective professional learning opportunities themselves. This case study provides five key interdependent themes which can be used to inform effective leadership of professional learning within British Curriculum Primary schools.
Universities and stakeholders: An historical organisational study of evolution and change towards a multi-helix model
Authors: Wilson John P , Dyer Ronald , Cantore Stefan
Published: June 2023

Research of the main university stakeholders has only been of a cross-sectional or short-term nature thereby limiting our understanding of how universities have evolved as a result of stakeholder influence. Indeed, neglect of stakeholders in strategic planning may result in both companies and universities becoming less successful and less competitive. For this reason, a temporal perspective was adopted to enable a consideration of events, their antecedents and subsequent effects thereby identifying emerging evolutionary trends and responding to them so that there can be appropriate decision making and accountability. This paper uses historical organisational studies to provide a longitudinal overview of internal and external stakeholder influence on university evolution and change from their foundations in the early Medieval period. Five university generations are described: Medieval, Humboldtian, Civic/Land Grant, Mass, and Stakeholder. This investigation reveals a number of strategic shifts in stakeholders as their voices have become increasingly prominent or have declined. Over time, the number of stakeholders have grown as their salience has been acknowledged through concepts such as the third mission; corporate social responsibility and helix structure; and, although some of the main stakeholders have remained constant such as learners and faculty, their influence has fluctuated.
Research on the mechanism of particles separation in magnetorheological fluid-based finishing process
Authors: Dubey Nitesh Kumar , Sidpara Ajay , Lakkaraju Rajaram
Published: June 2023

Magnetorheological fluid-based finishing is one of the recognized techniques for precisely finishing of a variety of components. Material removal depends largely on velocity and compression of the magnetorheological (MR) fluid ribbon when it interacts with the workpiece. This article studies the throwing of magnetic and abrasive particles during carrier wheel rotation. Theoretically computed centrifugal and magnetic forces are balanced against each other to determine the speed at which these particles are ejected from the MR fluid. The results of experiments at various carrier wheel speeds show the reduction of MR fluid ribbon thickness at higher wheel speed due to throwing of MR fluid. As a result of particle separation from the MR fluid at high rotational speed. As the carrier wheel speed increases, surface roughness decreases initially and then increases. There is good agreement between theoretical and actual results for the spindle speed at which magnetic particles depart the MR fluid ribbon.
Diagnostic Sensitivity of Abdominal Fat Aspiration Biopsy for Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Chen Dong , Dong Fang , Chi Haochen
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Cardiac amyloidosis is a lethal disease, the incidence of which is increasing every year. Early diagnosis and treatment are the keys to reducing the mortality of this disease. Methods. Relevant English literature published in Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched until December 1, 2022. Meta-analysis was performed with Stata 17.0 software. Results. A total of 1060 patients with 5 articles were included in this study. The sensitivity of abdominal fat aspiration biopsy for the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis was 0.66 (0.48–0.84) and the sensitivity for light chain amyloidosis cardiomyopathy and transthyretin amyloidosis cardiomyopathy was 0.90 (0.80–0.97) and 0.39 (0.18–0.60), respectively. Conclusion. Abdominal fat aspiration biopsy has high sensitivity and clinical value in the diagnosis of light chain amyloidosis cardiomyopathy, whereas there are limitations in the diagnosis of transthyretin amyloidosis cardiomyopathy.
Impact of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors on the Course of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Developed During COVID-19 and Other Severe Respiratory Infections Under Hyperferritinemia Conditions: A Cohort Study
Authors: Rurua Magda , Pachkoria Elena , Sanikidze Tamar , Machvariani K , Ormocadze George , Jomidava Tinatin , Dzidziguri Diana , Ratiani Levan
Published: June 2023

Background

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is not only the entry route of SARS-CoV-2 infection but also triggers a major mechanism of COVID-19 aggravation by promoting a hyperinflammatory state, leading to lung injury, hematological and immunological dysregulation. The impact of ACE2 inhibitors on the course of COVID-19 is still unclear. The effect of ACE2 inhibitors on the course of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during COVID-19 and other severe respiratory infections in conditions of hyperferritinemia (HF) was investigated.

Methods

A cohort study of critically ill patients with COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases (widespread infection, pneumonia) who underwent treatment in The Critical Care Unit of the First University Clinic (Tbilisi, Georgia) during the 2020–2021 years was conducted. The impact of the ACE2 inhibitors on the course of the ARDS developed during COVID-19 and other severe respiratory infections in conditions of different severity of HF was evaluated.

Results

In COVID-19-infected (I) and uninfected (II) patients with ARDS, ACE2 inhibitors reduce the levels of Ang II, C reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer (I: from 1508.07  ±  26.68 to 48.51  ±  24.35, from 233.92  ±  13.02 to 198.12  ±  11.88, from 7.88  ±  0.47 to 6.28  ±  0.43; II: from 1000.14  ±  149.49 to 46.23  ±  88.21, 226.48  ±  13.81 to 183.52  ±  17.32, from 6.39  ±  0.58 to 5.48  ±  0.69) at moderate HF and Ang II, CRP levels (I: from 1845.89  ±  89.37 to 49.64  ±  51.05, from 209.28  ±  14.41 to 175.37  ±  9.84; II: from 1753.29  ±  65.95 to 49.76  ±  55.74, 287.10  ±  20.50 to 214.71  ±  17.32) at severe HF, reduce interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression at moderate HF (I: from 1977.23  ±  354.66 to 899.36  ±  323.76) and cause reduction of pCO2 index at severe HF (I: from 69.80  ±  3.22 to 60.44  ±  2.20) in COVID-19-infected patients.

Conclusion

Study results show that the ACE2 inhibitors play an important role in the regulation of inflammatory processes in both COVID-19-infected and uninfected patients with ARDS. ACE2 inhibitors decrease immunological disorders, inflammation, and lung alveoli dysfunction, especially in COVID-19-infected patients.
Multi-source information fusion meta-learning network with convolutional block attention module for bearing fault diagnosis under limited dataset
Authors: Song Shanshan , Zhang Shuqing , Dong Wei , Li Gaochen , Pan Chengyu
Published: June 2023

Applications in industrial production have indicated that the challenges of sparse fault samples and singular monitoring data will diminish the performance of deep learning-based diagnostic models to varying degrees. To alleviate the above issues, a multi-source information fusion meta-learning network with convolutional block attention module (CBAM) is proposed in this study for bearing fault diagnosis under limited dataset. This method can fully extract and exploit the complementary and enriched fault-related features in the multi-source monitoring data through the designed multi-branch fusion structure and incorporate metric-based meta-learning to enhance the fault diagnosis performance of the model under limited data samples. Furthermore, the introduction of CBAM can further assist the model to trade-off and focus on more discriminative information in both spatial and channel dimensions. Extensive experiments conducted on two bearing datasets that cover multi-source monitoring data fully demonstrate the validity and superiority of the proposed method.
The Aversion to Theory
Authors: Alley Jason
Published: June 2023

Tackling aversions to theory in the social sciences and humanities, this piece unpacks the bad faiths and myopic commentary directed at non-positivist and conceptually driven texts. Drawing on critiques and defenses mounted in the 1980s, 1990s, and the present—alongside exchanges inside and outside the classroom—it mounts an unapologetic defense of theory centering the skillful labors that allow us to compare, argue, distill, critique, abandon, rework, and interpret phenomena. Zeroing in on the empirical and theoretical moves always at play in ethnography, it argues on behalf of the value of allowing lines of thought to carry us obliquely along as much as explicate things. Some closing injunctions around foregrounding what is exciting and nourishing about theory and the pleasures and possibilities of adopting an experimental ethos toward it are put forward.
Recognition of Listeria monocytogenes infection by natural killer cells: Towards a complete picture by experimental studies in rats
Authors: Shegarfi Hamid
Published: June 2023

The study of cellular immune responses in animal disease models demands detailed knowledge of development, function, and regulation of immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells. Listeria monocytogenes ( LM) bacterium has been explored in a large area of research fields, including the host pathogen interaction. Although the importance role of NK cells in controlling the first phase of LM burden has been investigated, the interaction between NK cells and infected cells in details are far from being comprehended. From in vivo and in vitro experiments, we can drive several important pieces of knowledge that hopefully contribute to illuminating the intercommunication between LM-infected cells and NK cells. Experimental studies performed in rats revealed that certain NK cell ligands are influenced in LM-infected cells. These ligands include both classical- and non-classical MHC class I molecules and C-type lectin related (Clr) molecules that are ligands for Ly49- and NKR-P1 receptors respectively. Interaction between these receptors:ligands during LM infection, demonstrated stimulation of rat NK cells. Hence, these studies provided additional knowledge to the mechanisms NK cells utilise to recognise and respond to LM infection outlined in the current review.
Analysis of data items and gaps in Australia’s national mental health services activity and capacity data collections for integrated regional service planning
Authors: Pagliaro Claudia , Mundie Arabella , Whiteford Harvey , Diminic Sandra
Published: June 2023

Background: Services data are an important source of information for policymakers and planners. In Australia, significant work has been undertaken to develop and implement collections of mental health services data. Given this level of investment, it is important that collected data are fit for purpose. Objective: This study aimed to: (1) identify existing national mandated and best endeavours collections of mental health services activity (e.g. occasions of service) and capacity (e.g. full-time equivalent staff) data in Australia; and (2) review the content of identified data collections to determine opportunities for data development. Method: A grey literature search was conducted to identify data collections. Where available, metadata and/or data were analysed. Results: Twenty data collections were identified. For services that received funding via multiple funding streams, data were often captured across several collections corresponding with each funder. There was significant variability in the content and format of collections. Unlike other service sectors, there is no national, mandated collection for psychosocial support services. Some collections have limited utility as they do not include key activity data; others do not include descriptive variables like service type. Workforce data are often not collected, and where data are collected, they are often not comprehensive. Conclusion: Findings are an important source of information for policymakers and planners who use services data to inform priorities. Implications: This study provides recommendations for data development, including mandating standardised reporting for psychosocial supports, filling workforce data gaps, streamlining data collections and including key missing data items in some collections.
The Science of Climate Conversations
Authors: Ettinger Joshua , Painter James
Published: June 2023

Dialogue-based approaches are crucially important for engaging the public about climate change. This entails going beyond a one-way information transfer to facilitating spaces in which diverse individuals can express their beliefs, emotions, opinions, and uncertainties about climate change in discussions with others. However, only a limited number of empirical studies have been published on best practices, dynamics, and effects of climate conversations. Although research on this topic is growing, information on this approach is still rare in comparison to studies that test audience responses to climate information or analyze climate-related discourses across different communication channels. In this article, the lead author reflects on how his PhD research evolved from testing climate change framing strategies to focusing on multi-directional discussions about climate change. We offer suggestions for advancing research on climate conversations across different communication channels and developing best practices for facilitating such discussions.
Konno-Rastan Operation in a Patient With Dextrocardia and Situs Inversus
Authors: Al-Dairy Alwaleed , Salameh Bairak , Badran Hadeel , Hasan Hasan , Alkyakhii Lujain
Published: June 2023

The Konno-Rastan operation is performed for relief of complex left ventricular outflow obstruction with a small aortic annulus. When associated with situs inversus and dextrocardia, important aspects should be kept in mind due to the mirror-image anatomy. In this report, we present a case of a 10-year-old child with the diagnosis of recurrent diffuse subaortic stenosis and situs inversus and dextrocardia who underwent the Konno-Rastan operation successfully and was asymptomatic with normal physical activity after a follow-up period of one year.
Relationship Between Lateral Tibial Posterior Slope and Tibiofemoral Kinematics During Simulated Jump Landings in Male Cadaveric Knees
Authors: Baek So Young , Beaulieu Mélanie L. , Wojtys Edward M. , Ashton-Miller James A.
Published: June 2023

Background:

It is not known mechanistically whether a steeper lateral posterior tibial slope (LTS) leads to an increase in anterior tibial translation (ATT) as well as internal tibial rotation (ITR) during a given jump landing.

Hypothesis:

A steeper LTS will result in increased ATT and ITR during simulated jump landings when applying knee compression, flexion, and internal tibial torque of increasing severity.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

Seven pairs of cadaveric knees were harvested from young male adult donors (mean ± SD; age, 25.71 ± 5.53 years; weight, 71.51 ± 4.81 kg). The LTS of each knee was measured by a blinded observer from 3-T magnetic resonance images. Two sets of 25 impact trials of ∼700 N (1× body weight [BW] ±10%) followed by 2 sets of 25 trials of 1400 N (2× BW ±10%) were applied to a randomly selected knee of each pair. Similarly, on the contralateral knee, 2 sets of 25 impact trials of ∼1800 N (2.5× BW ±10%) followed by 2 sets of 25 trials of ∼2100 N (3× BW ±10%) were applied. Three-dimensional knee kinematics, including ATT and ITR, were measured at 400 Hz using optoelectronic motion capture. Two-factor linear mixed effect models were used to determine the relationship of LTS to ATT and ITR as impact loading increased.

Results:

As LTS increased, so did ATT and ITR during increasingly severe landings. LTS had an increasing effect on ATT (coefficient, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.29-0.71) relative to impact force (coefficient, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.50-0.53). ITR was proportional to LTS (coefficient, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.80-1.93) under increasing impact force (coefficient, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.47-0.52). For steeper LTS, the increase in ITR was proportionally greater than the increase in ATT.

Conclusion:

In male knee specimens, a steeper LTS significantly increased ATT and ITR during jump landings.

Clinical Relevance:

Increases in ITR and ATT during jump landings lead to increased strain on the anterior cruciate ligament and are therefore associated with greater risk of ligament failure.
AI-powered Human Digital Twins in Virtual Therapeutic Sessions
Authors: Ebnali Mahdi , Ahmadi Nima , Nabiyouni Ehsan , Karimi Hassan
Published: June 2023

When patients are unwilling to speak openly, therapists miss valuable information and may not be able to provide best possible care. This study investigated the idea of human Digital Twins (DT) of patients and therapists as a novel solution to encourage them to speak openly. We proposed a methodology to create highly realistic human DT using computer vision, 3D scanning, Metahumans tool, and Unreal game engine. Based on this methodology, we created two versions of virtual therapeutic session: a) video-based virtual sessions with real human and b) virtual sessions with DT of patients and therapists. Twelve therapists then were asked to evaluate technology acceptance of each virtual session. Participants reported significantly lower trust to virtual sessions with highly realistic digital human compared to video-based one. Findings from this study may provide insights regarding opportunities and challenges of virtual therapy using highly realistic digital human technologies. This work also contributes to the virtual therapeutic research field by proposing an AI-powered methodology to create human DT of patients and therapists. Further studies are needed to provide more validation of the efficiency of this approach in virtual sessions for mental health support.
Incorporating resilience engineering into simulation for health care education and training
Authors: Patterson Emily S. , Winner Jennifer , Patterson Mary D. , Rayo Michael F. , Deutsch Ellen S
Published: June 2023

In this panel, we present perspectives on how to incorporate fundamental concepts in resilience engineering into health care human-in-the-loop simulations. Our panelists have successfully implemented concepts, but also continue to experience challenges with convincing colleagues of the importance and value of doing so for simulations that have other training, technology evaluation, or quality improvement objectives.