bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Initial Assessment of the Impact of the SARS-CoV-19 on Tourism in Mexico
Authors: Kido-Cruz Antonio , Kido-Cruz María Teresa
Published: June 2021

The main objectives of this document were to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-19 on the tourism industry and infer the share of tourism GDP in Mexico's national GDP. Information from the input-output matrix and the tourism satellite account was used. Results show that, when all tourism disappears, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) decreases by 8.98%. By simulating a probable scenario of recovery of tourist activity for the year 2021 of 25%, the tourism GDP increases by 9% and for a scenario of 50%, GDP rises to 12%. It is suggested to project recovery plans in the local hotel and restaurant industries. The originality consisted in building a tourism input-output matrix based on data and information from the tourism satellite account. The main limitation is that we only worked with data from 2013, the most recent published by INEGI. It is recommended to replicate the study for tourism activity not only in GDP but also in employment and wages.
Videogame Preferences among Adults Interested in Quitting Smoking Cigarettes (Preprint)
Authors: Upton Caitlyn R. , Nastasi Jessica A. , Raiff Bethany R.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Smoking is the number one preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Although most individuals who smoke express a desire to quit smoking, only a small percentage are successful. Serious games have become popular in health sectors as a potential avenue for delivering a scalable treatment that is both accessible and engaging for the smoking population.

OBJECTIVE

Several smoking cessation games have already been developed1–6, but these games feature a broad range of gameplay elements and are not necessarily based on existing videogame preferences in the general or smoking population. To better inform treatment development, the current study evaluated videogame genre preferences among treatment seeking individuals who smoke (N = 473).

METHODS

Participants responded to a screening survey to enroll in a larger, serious game intervention for smoking cessation. During this screening survey, participants were asked to disclose their favorite videogames and reported 338 unique titles. These titles were coded for genre category based on publisher listing and game features. The genres were then analyzed for frequency of reporting overall and across age groups.

RESULTS

Action, Roleplaying, and Action-Adventure were the most reported genres among adults 34 and under, Action, Action-Adventure and Logic were most reported among adults aged 35 to 44, and Logic and Action were the most reported genres among adults 45 and older.

CONCLUSIONS

These data indicate that treatment-seeking individuals who smoke have different game preferences across age groups, and provides novel information to inform the development of future serious games targeting the smoking population that are tailored to the preferences of their age group.

CLINICALTRIAL
Examining Anxiety Treatment Information Needs: Web-Based Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bernstein Matthew T , Reynolds Kristin A , Jakobson Lorna S , Stoesz Brenda M , Alcolado Gillian M , Furer Patricia
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Several treatments for anxiety are available, which can make treatment decisions difficult. Resources are often produced with limited knowledge of what information is of interest to consumers. This is a problem because there is limited understanding of what people want to know when considering help for anxiety.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the information needs and preferences concerning treatment options for anxiety by assessing the following: what information people consider to be important when they are considering treatment options for anxiety, what information people have received on psychological and medication treatment in the past, how they received this information in the past, and whether there are any differences in information needs between specific samples and demographic groups.

METHODS

Using a web-based survey, we recruited participants from a peer-support association website (n=288) and clinic samples (psychology, n=113; psychiatry, n=64).

RESULTS

Participants in all samples wanted information on a broad range of topics pertaining to anxiety treatment. However, they reported that they did not receive the desired amount of information. Participants in the clinic samples rated the importance of information topics higher than did those in the self-help sample. When considering the anxiety treatment information received in the past, most respondents indicated receiving information from informational websites, family doctors, and mental health practitioners. In terms of what respondents want to learn about, high ratings of importance were given to topics concerning treatment effectiveness, how it works, advantages and disadvantages, what happens when it stops, and common side effects.

CONCLUSIONS

It is challenging for individuals to obtain anxiety-related information on the range of topics they desire through currently available information sources. It is also difficult to provide comprehensive information during typical clinical visits. Providing evidence-based information on the web and in a brochure format may help consumers make informed choices and support the advice provided by health professionals.
Evolution of Public Financial Management in Bhutan
Authors: Tobgyel Sonam
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this paper is to assess how the Public Financial Management (PFM) in the country has evolved over the years. Public Financial Management refers to the sets of laws, rules, systems and processes used by sovereign nations, to mobilize revenue, allocate public funds, and undertake public spending, account for funds and audit results. An effective Public Financial Management (PFM) system are required to maximize the efficient use of resources, create the highest level of transparency and accountability in government finances and to ensure long term economic success. A strong public financial management system are essential to improve service delivery, poverty reduction and to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The evolution of public financial management system in the Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) had its grass roots in the efforts of the third hereditary king (1952 to 1972) to expand and modernize the structure of Government and of society itself. The paper covers the public financial management in Bhutan in a chronological sequence since 1950s until the present period. It provides the readers with information on how the PFM in the country has evolved over the decades to meet the needs of the changing time. The PFM landscape in the country has undergone sea change from the manual system to online-web-based system and will continue to improve and change for the betterment in keeping with the technological advancement in the world in the 21st century era.
On the total irregularity strength of convex polytope graphs
Authors: Bokhary Syed Ahtshma Ul Haq , Imran Muhammad , Ali Usman
Published: June 2021

A vertex (edge) irregular total k-labeling ? of a graph G is a labeling of the vertices and edges of G with labels from the set {1,2,...,k} in such a way that any two different vertices (edges) have distinct weights. Here, the weight of a vertex x in G is the sum of the label of x and the labels of all edges incident with the vertex x, whereas the weight of an edge is the sum of label of the edge and the vertices incident to that edge. The minimum k for which the graph G has a vertex (edge) irregular total k-labeling is called the total vertex (edge) irregularity strength of G. In this paper, we are dealing with infinite classes of convex polytopes generated by prism graph and antiprism graph. We have determined the exact value of their total vertex irregularity strength and total edge irregularity strength.
Archi-text-ture: Architecting Through Writing
Authors: Adiyanto Johannes
Published: June 2021

Architecture is often understood as a real and tangible science, in the form of space and form. This understanding is associated with the origin of the word ‘techne’ which refers to the engineering in the construction process of a building, an architectural work. Writing on new architecture developed around 1968, at a time when architectural criticism by Louis Huxtable became known although the form of writing, identification both in pictures and description, had been done since the time of the Roman Empire by Vitruvius and later interpreted by Leon Battista in the Renaissance. This paper describes descriptively several examples and categories of writing about architecture, especially in Indonesia. The study uses an exploratory study approach with reference to the theory of architectural criticism from Attoe’s understanding. The descriptive exploration of this paper shows there are at least four categories of architectural writing in Indonesia, from those aimed at creating architectural narratives to making architectural texts which are then called archi-text-ture in the paper. The paper is not a final paper, because it is the start of a long textual journey, so it is made as an archi-text-ture construction process and to open up opportunities for further interpretation and development
Analysis of Proposed Adaptation of Fostered Environment and Evaluation of Built Environment in Bali in Facing Covid-19
Authors: Putra I Nyoman Gede Maha
Published: June 2021

At the time this paper started being written, the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic had been taking place for more than a year. To date, it has caused fear in society because the number of deaths it causes is nearly 3 million people, the effectiveness of the vaccines being developed is uncertain and there is no convincing drug available. As a result, the virus having hit almost all countries and regions around the world has affected the way humans behave and will have an impact on the architectural design and urban spaces in which humans live. This paper explores the possible criteria for architectural design and urban design in response to a pandemic, particularly in Bali. Plural society serves as the characteristic of the island whose inhabitants have traditional activities mixed with modern trends. The mixed society has a rich tradition of communal living with social activities involving large masses of people. To produce post pandemic design criteria, this study critically reviewed recent publications including peer-reviewed articles, journals, and expert’s blog posts. In the next stage, the results of the review were used to evaluate activity patterns and fostered environment at several locations in Bali. The locations observed included traditional houses in Ubud, urban houses in Denpasar, offices, and traditional markets. Secondary data were organised into several themes. Meanwhile, field observations were focused on the possibility of implementing Health protocols in different places as well as community compliance in complying with them. This study found that during the period of limiting community activities due to the pandemic, health, safety and environmental hygiene had received the attention of all groups. The study also revealed that the built environment tried to make many adjustments. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of these adjustments is questionable. For this reason, further research that will produce new built spaces needs to be carried out. It will result in the need for more detailed design criteria as a mechanism to prevent the spread of the virus.
Fitness Center Design with Natural Shapes and Forms Approach in Surabaya
Authors: Artha Pande Putu Dwi Novigga
Published: June 2021

Density of Surabaya city affects the physical and psychological health of the people. Productive activities accompanied by a dense environment mean that people rarely have time to exercise. To increase the awareness and interest of the people of the city of Surabaya to exercise, it is necessary to have a sports facility with a special approach. Biophilic theory, especially the natural shapes and form approach, can be a solution to these problems. The return of nature's essence into the building can provide positive benefits for human physical and physical health. Previous research has discussed the determination of fitness center design criteria with the natural shapes and forms approach in Surabaya. In this follow-up journal, we will discuss the final result or application of the design criteria into an architectural work. The design method used is the force based framework method. The force in the design of this building in addition to the surrounding natural environment is the natural perception of the community which is transformed into architectural forms. It aims to increase interest in training and restoring the user's physical and psychological health without having to go far out of town to look for nature.
NOTARY LEGALITY AS AN AUTHENTIC DICTION IN TERMS OF PHYSICALLY DISABLED BASED ON LAW OF POSITION NOTARY
Authors: Kumala Ida Ayu Ratna , Mahendrawati Ni Luh Made , Puspadma I Nyoman Alit
Published: June 2021

An authentic deed can be perfect proof that must be signed by the parties. It becomes a problem when one or all of those who are obliged to sign or put fingerprints, but have a total disability of the hand or fingers (physically disabled) so that the person concerned is not able to sign or fingerprint. There is a norm in relation to a person with disabilities to make a deed before a notary. The purpose of this study is to find out the procedure for ratifying a notary deed in terms of hearing-impaired persons and the legal strength of a notary deed in terms of disabled persons. This study uses normative legal methods. The results of this study indicated that the stipulation of Article 44 of UUJNP makes it possible for persons with disabilities not to sign the deed, then at the end of the deed it is explained about a situation where the applicant is unable to sign the deed and therefore uses other forms of endorsement by writing by mouth and affidavit. The deed made by the person with disabilities is an authentic deed because the provisions of Article 44 UUJNP can be a substitute for signatures, so the notary deed made by persons with disabilities can function as evidence and are equipped with an affidavit. There is a need for a written rule that states clearly about the procedures for dealing with persons with disabilities in making a deed for the use of affidavit.
AUTHENTICITY OF DECLARED NOTARY ACTIVITIES BY USING THE PHOTO DOCUMENT MINUTA SIGNING OF ASSET
Authors: Agustini Putu Ayuk Sapta , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Santika Ida Bagus Agung Putra
Published: June 2021

Influence arising from technological developments has an impact on changes in society in the field of law, especially in terms of evidence using electronic devices as an extension of evidence in the law in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the responsibility of a Notary to an authentic deed made by and/or before a Notary Public based on the provisions of UUJN jo UUJN-P and to find out the legal impact arising related to the use of photo documents as an expansion of new evidence towards the authenticity of an authentic deed. The method used in this study is a normative perspective with a statutory approach and conceptual approach that aims to conduct a juridical study of the legality of electronic evidence. The results showed that the responsibility of the Notary in providing services in the field of civil law, in particular, made an authentic deed as stipulated in UUJN jo UUJN-P to provide a sense of justice for the parties, third parties with an interest in the deed he made and his heirs, were responsible for the authenticity of the deed he made it as perfect proof. In the context of the authenticity of a Notary Deed as an authentic deed, the Notary Deed does not require any other evidence to guarantee the legal certainty of its authenticity, so that the use of photo documents used as evidence in procedural law, both criminal and civil, cannot be applied or used against the Notary Deed even as evidence supporters.
Politik Aksi Humaniter Organisasi Kemanusiaan Dalam Menangani Imigran Ilegal Tahun 2016 (Studi Kasus IOM dan UNHCR di Surabaya)
Authors: Suryanti Made Selly Dwi
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to observe the principles of humanitarianism in the current era. The principle of humanitarianism which consists of humanity, neutrality, impartiality and independence tends to be ignored. The neglect is based on the interests carried by each humanitarian organization. Therefore, the principle tends to be mixed with political affairs. This practice can be seen from the two humanitarian organizations IOM and UNHCR in carrying out their role in dealing with illegal immigrants, especially at the Immigration Detention Center, Surabaya. In practice the element of importance is given priority, giving rise to a dilemma for both organizations in carrying out their mandate as a humanitarian organization. These dilemmas include limited resources, internal work relations patterns of personnel, humanitarian worker’s motivation. Because of the dilemma, it is almost difficult for both organizations to adopt the principle of humanitarianism. In the end, combining elements of interest becomes a new term in humanitarian action. The term is known as new humanitarianism. This writing uses qualitative research methods with primary and secondary data sources. Primary data taken through interviews, observations and secondary data sources taken through books, journals, online news, government regulations. The discussion of this paper will use several concepts, namely humanitarianism and new humanitarianism.
Accuracy of STRONGKids to Identify Risk of Children Malnutrition in Sanjiwani General Hospital Gianyar, Bali
Authors: Yogi Astika Dewa Ngakan Putu Yogi Astika
Published: June 2021

Malnutrition in the hospital is a condition that needs to be watched out for because it affects the length of stay and healing process of hospitalized patients. Until now, the prevalence of malnutrition in the hospital is still high in both adult and pediatric patients. Malnutrition screening is required while the patient will be hospitalized. It is necessary to research the accuracy of STRONGKids (Screening tools for risk on nutritional status and growth) as a malnutrition screening in pediatric patients in hospitals, especially at Sanjiwani General Hospital Gianyar percentage of malnutrition in hospitals at Sanjiwani Gianyar Hospital so that they receive early treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of STRONGKids as a screening test for malnutrition in the hospital for children at Sanjiwani General Hospital Gianyar. This research uses a design cross-sectional by the diagnostic test method. Data taken from medical records. Data collection method with consecutive sampling. The number of samples is 40 subjects. The inclusion criteria were children aged one month - 18 years and hospitalized at Sanjiwani Gianyar Hospital. The exclusion criteria were incomplete medical record data, and subjects were categorized as obese or obese on the medical record. The data analysis technique used the SPSS computer program. STRONGKids data are presented in 2 x 2 table form Chi-square. The results obtained were the percentage of hospital malnutrition of 9.8%. STRONGKids with a cutoff value of 1 had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 35.1%. So, the STRONGKids score has fairly high sensitivity, so that the use of the STRONGKids score in combination with anthropometric measurements can be used to detect malnutrition in hospitals.

Keywords: sensitivity, STRONGKids, child malnutrition
Gastrointestinal Involvement in The Confirmed Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Putri Rachma Greta Perdana
Published: June 2021

The current pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019, or known as COVID-19, has been claimed as Public Health Emergency of International Concern by WHO on 30 January 2020. According to WHO, there 47.362.304 confirmed cases and 1.211.986 deaths reported due to COVID-19 and still counting. This article investigates the involvement of gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID-19 related to the pathogenesis, transmission, and severity of the disease. The data was collected by keyword searching through EBSCO, PubMed, Google scholar, and additional references from retrieved articles. This article analyzes studies investigating gastrointestinal symptoms in Covid-19. The studies found gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID-19 confirmed patients such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and melena. Two studies showed that COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms tended to have more severe disease. ACE2, as the receptor of S protein, was found abundantly in intestinal enterocytes besides in the respiratory system. Enterocyte abnormality induces decreased absorption of NA+, water, and mucosal disaccharides. It leads to increased undigested mono and disaccharides, carbohydrates, fats, and protein into the colon. As a result, the colon is unable to absorb sufficient water, leading to diarrhea. Gastrointestinal symptoms are commonly found in patients with COVID‐19, and the trend is increasing in the later stage of the epidemic. SARS‐CoV‐2 enters gastrointestinal epithelial cells and the feces of COVID‐19 patients are potentially infectious. The virus also found in wastewater system and may cause water pollution. Hence, further studies investigating gastrointestinal symptoms and possibility of fecal oral transmission should be conducted.
Sexual Behavior and HIV / AIDS Prevention in Male Sexual Men (MSM) in Denpasar City
Authors: Pradnyawati Luh Gede , Ni Made Hegard Sukmawati
Published: June 2021

HIV / AIDS cases among MSM (male sex men) in Indonesia from year to year have increased significantly. Meanwhile, Bali is a province with many HIV / AIDS cases, where Denpasar is the city with the highest number of MSM. There has never been a report on sexual behavior and HIV / AIDS prevention among MSM in Denpasar. Therefore, the researchers wanted to explore the problems of sexual behavior and its prevention in MSM in Denpasar. Purpose: This study aims to obtain a vision of sexual behavior and HIV / AIDS prevention among MSM groups in Denpasar City. This study used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach to digging deeper into sexual behavior and HIV / AIDS prevention among MSM in Denpasar City. The selection of informants in this study was taken using convenience sampling technique and conducted in-depth interviews with 10 MSM who were productive and communicative in Denpasar. After collecting data in the field, the data will be analyzed thematically. In sexual intercourse behavior, most of the MSM prioritized variations and sensations during sexual intercourse to get sexual satisfaction, such as having group sex, using arousal-enhancing drugs, and violence engaging during sexual intercourse. Some of the informants only had one permanent sexual partner. However, there are still MSM who have more than one sexual partner and receive payment for sexual intercourse. Informants use condoms in sexual intercourse and with the PrEP method to avoid HIV / AIDS. It is necessary to conduct education and counseling on sexual orientation for the community, especially for adolescents looking for identity, educating MSM to reduce high-risk behavior during sexual intercourse.

Keywords: Sexual behavior, MSM, prevention, HIV / AIDS, Denpasar
Detection of Citrus Bent Leaf Viroid in Citrus Orchards of Sargodha, Pakistan
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, 40100,, Bakhtawar Faheema , Iftikhar Yasir ,   Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, 40100, Zeshan Muhammad Ahmed ,   Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, 40100, Hamid Muhammad Imran ,   Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, 40100,
Published: June 2021

A study was conducted to monitor the Citrus bent leaf viroid (CBLVd) in citrus growing areas of district Sargodha, Pakistan during 2017-2018. Collected samples were tested by RT-PCR using specific primers. PCR positive samples were used to confirm the CBLVd incidence and severity on different citrus varieties grown at different regions of Sargodha. Maximum disease incidence was recorded in Kot Momin with the mean value of 24%, with severe symptoms of bark cracking, backward leaf bent and stunting. Minimum disease incidence was recorded in in Sillanwali region with the mean value of 3.33%. The symptoms in Sillanwali were only yellowing and slight leaf bent. Maximum severity was observed in Kot momin (0.60%). Molecular detection of CBLVd by RT-PCR confirmed the diagnosis of the viroid. This survey was carried out for the first time in Sargodha district to monitor the occurrence of citrus bent leaf viroid following the first report of its detection in Pakistan in 2009. Since many declining citrus trees were found negative to CBLVd testing, other causal agents can be involved, and extensive surveys are still required in the near future. Keywords: Citrus, RT-PCR, CBLVd, Disease incidence, viroid, Sargodha, Pakistan
Competitividad en el turismo cultural: estudio de caso
Authors: Villa-Hernández Yuselim Angélica , Merino-Moreno Carlos , Hernández-Silva Virginia
Published: June 2021

Las empresas son sistemas compuestos por recursos y capacidades; es decir, sistemas con activos tangibles e intangibles. Éstos últimos, los intangibles, son el objeto de esta investigación, la cual se enmarca en una perspectiva exploratoria y cualitativa, la cual busca identificar los activos intangibles asociados a tres factores clave de las organizaciones y de las empresas con orientación al sector turístico cultural: la organización, la mercadotecnia y la satisfacción del cliente como sujeto particular; lo anterior, teniendo como punto de referencia para este estudio, la ciudad de Morelia, en México. La investigación pretende generar conocimiento para dichas empresas y contribuir en los procesos administrativos que aporten competitividad al sector turístico en México. Entre los principales resultados que arrojó el estudio, se encuentra que estas empresas pueden aprovechar mejor los activos intangibles que tienen a su disposición en los tres factores anteriormente mencionados. Como conclusión final, se plantea la importancia que tienen esos activos intangibles en las empresas del sector turístico en México para su mejor desempeño y, de igual forma, se identifica la oportunidad para continuar este estudio de manera empírica con una propuesta de modelo de competitividad turística que permita enriquecer el estado del arte de esta línea de investigación en México.
Cultura fiscal en los asalariados de Yucatán, México
Authors: Cabrera-Ignacio Elisa , Zapata-Aguilar José Apolinar
Published: June 2021

Los impuestos representan el mayor porcentaje de los ingresos públicos de México; sin embargo, este es uno de los países con menor recaudación tributaria. Debido a ello, el presente artículo analizó la cultura fiscal de los municipios de Mérida, Umán y Tekax, en el Estado de Yucatán, México, tomando como muestra a un grupo de 267 trabajadores asalariados, con el objetivo de determinar si tienen la disposición de tributar al Estado de manera consciente, solidaria y responsable, basados en tres variables: creencias, actitudes y valores. Asimismo, teniendo en cuenta el salario mensual, se estudiaron las diferencias significativas en el nivel de cultura fiscal. Igualmente se realizó un estudio descriptivo-comparativo, donde se encontró que, en general, los trabajadores encuestados sí poseen una cultura fiscal que los dispone a tributar de manera consciente, solidaria y responsable al Estado. Al realizar el análisis, se observó una diferencia entre la cultura fiscal de los trabajadores con menores ingresos versus los de mayor ingreso, siendo los segundos, en contraste con los primeros, quienes tienen una cultura fiscal más propensa al cumplimiento del pago de impuestos. Además, se encontró que existe una relación positiva entre el nivel salarial y las creencias y valores relativos al pago de impuestos.
Trends in Digital Marketing for Biodiversity Conservation
Authors: Veríssimo Diogo
Published: June 2021

With the digital boom that we have been experiencing for several years now and that has been significantly maximized due to the current situation caused by the pandemic, it is not a secret that the different economic, social, political, environmental initiatives, among others, have taken advantage of digital channels to convey their message to a greater number of individuals. The purpose of this editorial is, thus, to illustrate some digital marketing trends in the field of biodiversity conservation, trends that can be perceived from mechanisms such as social media advertising, virtual influencers, and mobile games. The current biodiversity crisis and what it represents for the survival of humanity has raised concerns among many people and organisations around the world. Hence, the interest in transcending barriers and engage a greater number of individuals who can contribute their solution. If digital is the future, why not continue exploring its true potential to tackle the biodiversity crisis?
The Impacts of Oil Prices, Exchange Rate and COVID-19 Pandemic on BIST Petrochemical Market
Authors: Mutlu Çamoğlu Seval
Published: June 2021

Stock markets are developing with the economic growth of the countries in a liberal market economy. Petrochemicals is an indicator of the performance of the country's industry with high inter-industry linkage by providing input to several sectors, producing various outputs with a certain number of raw materials. The COVID-19 pandemic period has affected all markets worldwide and caused fluctuations in the index values of large firms in the petrochemical industry in Borsa Istanbul (BIST). This study analyzes the impact of the pandemic period and change in the oil prices and exchange rate on the petrochemical market in Turkey. The monthly data of petrochemical stock market index, exchange rate, oil prices are used in this time series analysis. A pandemic information index representing the COVID-19 pandemic was derived and included in the model. According to the results, it is observed that the most important determinant of the fluctuations on the BIST petrochemical index is the oil prices. While a shock in oil prices negatively affects the BIST petrochemical index, the petrochemical index responds positively to the shock in the pandemic index.
Retratos
Authors: Prates Kátia
Published: June 2021

Retratos é uma série de imagens que reflete sobre o desaparecimento e o invisível. Pensa também sobre o quanto do que vemos é construído em nossa própria imaginação. Nesta publicação: Retratos (BM), fotografia para mídia digital, 2019.
Exploración de los patrones de identificación individual y social en adolescentes escolarizados en Mérida, Venezuela
Authors: Crespo Freddy
Published: June 2021

El objetivo es explorar y describir los principales puntos que caracterizan los patrones de identidad de un grupo de adolescentes en cuatro instituciones educativas del estado Mérida, Venezuela. Empleando estrategias metodológicas cualitativas, por medio de la observación, grupos focales y entrevistas personalizadas no estructuradas, se observó que los adolescentes se organizaban bajo una estructura social, normativa y moral que era similar a la carcelaria y típica de los reclusos en el país, expresando la misma como una manifestación de su identidad individual y social. Así, los adolescentes construían su capital social con base a tal estructura social, organizando entonces la interacción entre los grupos e individuos basados en la violencia y el acoso escolar. La principal conclusión, es que esta estructura social y valores individuales son asimilados como pautas de identificación de los adolescentes, como consecuencia de la desintegración institucional que se vive en el país.
Use of an environment for creating multimedia educational activities in primary school. A technological mediation for the development of mental computation
Authors: Álvarez Macea Fermín , Hernández Suárez César Augusto , Avendaño Castro William Rodrigo
Published: June 2021

The purpose is to establish whether activities developed in an author's language, as didactic mediation, affect the cognitive development that allows students to perform mental calculations. It is a quantitative study of a descriptive correlational type, with a target population of 63 students in basic primary education with an average age between 8 and 11 years. It concludes that there is a positive relationship between the use of activities and the development of mental computation in students.
Seguro de riesgos cibernéticos: enfoque y perspectivas en la nueva normalidad
Authors: Pérez Carretta Hugo Fabián
Published: June 2021

La llegada de la cuarta revolución industrial, el constante desarrollo de las tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TICs) y el contexto de pandemia, han transformado drásticamente la vida digital, generando una nueva categoría de riesgo: el cibernético. Las ciberamenazas, -intromisión de terceros, daño en sistemas informáticos, filtración de información, robo y pérdida de datos, ciberextorsión y fraudes- acompañadas de tecnologías disruptivas, exigen una herramienta que contribuya a mesurar tales contingencias: un seguro cibernético, como mecanismo de respuesta indispensable.  Este tipo de seguro abarca los elementos esenciales de los seguros tradicionales y también otros que lo distinguen y que en este trabajo se indagan en distintas fuentes con el propósito de reflexionar sobre sus significaciones, alcances, limitaciones y aplicabilidad. Conjuntamente, se analizan las coberturas disponibles para empresas y se cuestiona la factibilidad de su implementación en el ámbito de la Seguridad Nacional. Asimismo, se estudian la criptomoneda, la Justicia electrónica y la Inteligencia Artificial como riesgos asegurables, enfatizando en esta última.
A meta-analysis of global stillbirth rates during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Mohan Manoj , Appiah-Sakyi Kwabena , Oliparambil Ashok , Pullatayil Abdul , Lindow Stephen , CPDs) Justin Konje (TOG
Published: June 2021

Background The global effect of the COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact
on pregnancy and outcomes. There has been recently some conflicting
evidence on the stillbirths during the COVID-19 pandemic. This
meta-analysis attempts to resolve this through a systematic approach.
Objectives To analyse and determine the impact of COVID-19 on the
stillbirth rate. Search strategy We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane
library, ClinicalTrials.gov and Web of Science from inception to 05
March 2021 with no language restriction for this meta-analysis.
Selection criteria Publications (a) with stillbirth data on pregnant
women with COVID-19 (b) comparing stillbirth rates in pregnant women
with and without COVID-19 and (c), comparing stillbirth rates before and
during the pandemic. Data collection and Analysis The included studies
were all observational studies, and we used the Newcastle Ottawa score
for risk of bias. We performed the meta-analysis using Comprehensive
meta-analysis software, version 3. Main results A total of 29 studies
were included in the meta-analysis; from 17 of these, the SB rate was 7
per 1000 in pregnant women with COVID-19. This rate was much higher
(34/1000) in low- and middle-income countries. The odds ratio of
stillbirth in pregnant women with COVID-19 compared to those without was
1.89. However, there was no significant difference in population SB
rates before and during the pandemic. Conclusions There is some evidence
that the stillbirth rate has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but
this is mainly in low- and middle-income countries. Inadequate access to
healthcare during the pandemic could be a contributing factor.
Massive vagal schwannoma in an 11-year-old girl
Authors: Feit Noah , Fitzgerald Conall , McLean Timothy , Wong Richard
Published: June 2021

We describe an unusual case of a young girl presenting with a large
vagal schwannoma necessitating a transcervical-mandibulotomy approach
for total tumor resection. The presentation is unique due to the size of
the lesion, the patient’s age, the operative approach, and molecular
pathology.
Deep connections: divergence histories with gene flow in mesophotic Agaricia corals
Authors: Prata Katharine , Riginos Cynthia , Gutenkunst Ryan , Latijnhouwers Kelly , Sánchez Juan , Englebert Norbert , Hay Kyra , Bongaerts Pim
Published: June 2021

Vastly understudied, mesophotic coral ecosystems lie below shallow reefs
(> 30 m depth) and comprise ecologically distinct
communities. Brooding reproductive modes appear to predominate among
mesophotic-specialist species and may limit genetic connectivity among
populations. Using reduced representation genomic sequencing, we
assessed spatial population genetic structure (at 50 m depth) in an
ecologically important mesophotic-specialist species, Agaricia
grahamae among locations in the Southern Caribbean. We also tested for
hybridisation with the closely related (but depth-generalist) species
Agaricia lamarcki, within their sympatric depth zone (50 m). In
contrast to our predictions, no spatial genetic structure was detected
between the reefs of Curaçao and Bonaire (~ 40 km apart)
within A. grahamae. However, cryptic taxa were discovered within
both nominal species, with those in A. lamarcki (incompletely)
partitioned by depth and those in A. grahamae occurring
sympatrically (at the same depth). Hybrid analyses and demographic
modelling identified contemporary and historical gene flow among cryptic
taxa, both within and between A. grahamae and A. lamarcki.
These results (1) indicate that spatial genetic connectivity in these
ecologically important mesophotic species may be maintained over large
geographic distances and (2) highlight that gene flow links taxa within
this relativity diverse Caribbean genus.
KNOWLEDGE OF, AND BEHAVIOR IN RESPONSE TO, COVID-19 PANDEMIC BY PREGNANT NIGERIAN IGBO WOMEN
Authors: Adinma Joseph Ifeanyi , Enechukwu Chukwunonso , Nnedum Anthony , Adinma-Obiajulu Nneoma , Emeka Ekene
Published: June 2021

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic currently represents a foremost global
contemporary public health challenge, with alarming death rate. Pregnant
women by virtue of reduced immunity may be at increased risk of
contracting the disease. Objective: To elicit the knowledge of, and
behavior, in response to the covid-19 pandemic among pregnant Nigerian
Igbo women. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire-based
study of 370 pregnant women from health facilities in Anambra state
Nigeria, to elicit information on their knowledge of causes, mode of
transmission, availability of vaccines, treatment modalities, and
behavioural changes consequent on covid-19. Data obtained was analyzed
using SPSS IBM windows version 26. Result: The modal age, parity and
gestational age of the respondents were 25-29 years (49.2%); Para
1-4(89.5%) and <28 weeks (44.1%) respectively. Majority of
the participants had tertiary education (54.1%) and of modal social
class 5. All (100%) of the participants knew about covid-19; 91.4%
recognized it was of viral aetiology; and 75.1% agreed it is an
infectious disease. Indicated modes of transmission include air,
droplets, faeces, urine, dust, ingested foods, and drinks. Most of the
participants recognized the unavailability of drugs (88.6%) and vaccine
(80%) for covid-19 management. Stated treatment modalities include
symptomatic therapy; inhalation of steam from hot water, herbs, and
roots; consumption of spices; antimalarial, Antibiotics, Multivitamins
therapy; physical exercises; rest; and prayer. Majority of the
respondents (67%) believed that covid-19 had affected their general
behavior and most adhered to covid-19 safety measures - wearing of face
mask; hand washing; use of hand-sanitizers and social distancing. The
most common source of information to participants on covid-19 was
electronic media. Conclusion: The knowledge of covid-19 among the
respondents was high and their behavior, satisfactory. There is need to
maintain the public enlightenment tempo to sustain the good behavior in
response to covid-19 amongst pregnant women.
Evaluation of Ventilator-Associated Tracheitis in Children with Pre-Existing Tracheostomies: Organisms and Empiric Coverage
Authors: Urban Victoria , Campbell Christopher , Waller Jennifer , Norris Kelley
Published: June 2021

Evaluation of Ventilator-Associated Tracheitis in Children with
Pre-Existing Tracheostomies: Organisms and Empiric Coverage Objectives:
This study aims to describe the outcomes, microbiome, and empiric
antimicrobial coverage of ventilator associated tracheitis (VAT) in
pediatric patients with pre-existing tracheostomies. Patients and
Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients with
pre-existing tracheostomies admitted to the Children’s Hospital of
Georgia for initial inpatient treatment for VAT between January 1, 2007
and February 21, 2021. Patients were evaluated for incidence of
ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), tracheostomy culture results, and
antibiotic choice. Results: Thirty-nine patients were included. Across
all patients evaluated with pre-existing tracheostomies, 60% developed
VAT. There was no difference in the development in VAP between shorter
and longer treatment durations (0 vs 1, p = 1). Patients who developed
Pseudomonas aeruginosa VAT were likely to have a previous culture of P.
aeruginosa (p = 0.003), have a tracheostomy for longer (p = 0.011), and
be older than 1 year of age (p = 0.0002). MRSA VAT was associated with a
previous culture growing MRSA (p= 0.0042). Conclusions: VAT incidence
was higher than what was shown in pediatric patients without
pre-existing tracheostomies but VAP incidence was lower and there was no
difference between treatment groups. VAT should be treated based on
previous cultures and Pseudomonas aeruginosa should be considered as a
causative organism.
The moderating effect of social capital on fiscal policy responses to COVID-19: Cross-country evidence
Authors: Gömleksiz Mustafa , Altıntaş Kıvanç
Published: June 2021

This study suggests that an adequate level of social capital with a robust health profile might be associated with positive policy outcomes in combating COVID-19. We investigate the effect of interaction between fiscal policy responses and social capital on the spreading of the pandemic, by considering the country health profile, demographic and economic factors, in a cross-section of 94 countries. Firstly, the results of the analysis indicate the moderating effect of social capital on keeping the pandemic under control through fiscal policy measures. In particular, strong bilateral and family ties as well as better coordination and cooperation at the community level can facilitate the goal of fiscal policy measures. The results also reveal that the declining effect of fiscal policy on the pandemic mostly arises from the relatively high social capital levels, while it loses its effectiveness at low levels. Secondly, the findings emphasize the role of behavioural risk factors, care systems and preventative interventions as prominent determinants of surviving in pandemic. Thirdly, we conclude that taking specific measures for identified vulnerable and high-risk groups is quite important in overcoming the disease.
The Sounds of Silence: A Framework, Theory, and Empirical Evidence of Audit Team Voice
Authors: Clor-Proell Shana M. , Kadous Kathryn , Proell Chad A.
Published: June 2021

Lower-level auditors are likely to encounter client information that may reflect important audit issues. The audit team cannot address these issues unless they are communicated upward. However, research indicates that lower-level auditors sometimes withhold issues, threatening audit effectiveness. We use a multi-method grounded theory approach to expand our understanding of the factors associated with auditors' decision to speak up about potential audit issues. We use an experiential questionnaire to draw out participants' real-life experiences with the decision to speak up or remain silent in the field (i.e., the “voice” decision). We summarize this work in a framework of audit voice determinants and a theoretical model of audit voice. We then use the determinants framework and the developed theory to conduct an experiment as an exemplar for how our work can be useful in generating future research.

Data Availability: Contact the authors.
The Effect of Advice Valence on the Perceived Credibility of Data Analytics
Authors: Chen Clara Xiaoling , Hudgins Ryan , Wright William F.
Published: June 2021

We use an experiment to examine how advice valence (i.e., whether the advice suggests good news or bad news) affects the perceived source credibility of data analytics compared to human experts as a result of motivated reasoning. We predict that individuals will perceive data analytics as less credible than human experts, but only when the advice suggests bad news. Using a forecasting task in which individuals are seeking advice from either a human expert or data analytics, we find evidence consistent with our prediction. Furthermore, we find that this effect is mediated by the perceived competence of the advice source. We contribute to the nascent accounting literature on data analytics by providing evidence on a potential impediment to successfully transitioning to the use of analytics for decision-making in organizations.
Presence and Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes of Long Duration: The FinnDiane 50 Years of Diabetes Study
Authors: Harjutsalo Valma , Barlovic Drazenka Pongrac , Gordin Daniel , Forsblom Carol , King George , Groop Per-Henrik
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality as well as their risk factors in type 1 diabetes (T1D) of >50 years’ duration.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

From 5,396 individuals included in the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study (FinnDiane), 729 diagnosed in 1967 or earlier survived with T1D for >50 years. In this FinnDiane 50-year cohort, cumulative incidence of CVD events was assessed from the diagnosis of diabetes, and the excess CVD risk, compared with 12,710 matched individuals without diabetes. In addition, risk factors for different types of CVD (both nonfatal and fatal) and mortality were analyzed, and cause-specific hazard ratios were estimated during a median follow-up of 16.6 years from the baseline visit (median duration of diabetes 39 years at baseline).

RESULTS

In individuals with diabetes duration of >50 years, the 60-year cumulative incidence of CVD from the diagnosis of diabetes was 64.3% (95% CI 62.5–66.0). Compared with individuals without diabetes, the standardized incidence ratio for CVD was 7.4 (6.5–8.3); in those with normoalbuminuria, it was 4.9 (4.0–5.9). Mean HbA1c and HbA1c variability, dyslipidemia, BMI, kidney disease, age, and diabetes duration were the variables associated with incident CVD. In particular, HbA1c was associated with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The standardized mortality ratio compared with the Finnish background population was 3.2 (2.8–3.7). The factors associated with mortality were diabetes duration, increased HbA1c variability, inflammation, insulin resistance, kidney disease, and PAD.

CONCLUSIONS

Individuals with T1D of very long duration are at a high risk of CVD. In addition, throughout the lifespan, optimal glycemic control remains central to CVD and excess mortality prevention.
Syntisen pääkaupungin viaton äänne
Authors: Jantunen Jarmo Harri
Published: June 2021

Arvioitu teos:
Mia Halonen, Samu Nyström, Heikki Paunonen & Johanna Vaattovaara: Stadin syntinen s. Helsinki: Art House 2020. 353 s. isbn 978-951-884-755-0.