bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Waste to Energy Potential in the Central Zone of Afghanistan
Authors: Noori Abdul Ghani , Fazli Agha Mohammad
Published: January 2020

The central zone of Afghanistan has enough cattle to be considered for generating biogas. The cattle population in the zone was 634,524, 647,229 and 633,362 heads in 2012-13, 2014-15 and 2016-17, respectively. As a result of field experiments, the fresh manure generation of cattle in the zone is 19 kg head-1 day-1, fraction recoverable of the generated cattle manure is 80% and the proportion of dry matter of the manure is 23.7%. Based on these manure parameters, about 834,320, 851,026 and 832,792 tons of dry matter recoverable could be generated in the mentioned three years, respectively. By using a biogas digester, this dry matter recoverable could be enough for generating about 86,769,319, 88,506,691 and 86,610,419 m3 of biogas in 2012-13, 2014-15 and 2016-17, respectively. The amount of generated biogas is equivalent of 1,735, 1,770 and 1,732 TJ of energy in the mentioned years, respectively. In the case study of Kabul province, it was found that till now biogas plants are not constructed in the zone. For financial evaluation of biogas utilization, a dairy of 24 cattle was selected. It was determined that the manure from 24 cattle can generate about 9 m3 per day (3,285 m3 per year) of biogas in a 24 m3 DSAC-Model biogas digester. By comparing biogas energy value from the equivalent energy of LPG, biogas has value of 66,521.25 Afg per year (978 USD per year). By considering the requirements of cooking and lighting of a family of 8 members, the generated biogas (9 m3/day) in the mentioned dairy farm can be enough for two families. Considering the situation of the zone DSAC-Model biogas plant was considered suitable among various types of it. The techno-financial analyze result was quite attractive. For this case, the NPV was 2,664.6 USD, B/C 2.37, IRR was 33% and the discounted payback period (PP) was 4.09 years (4 years and about one month). As all these financial indicators are in the acceptable range, therefore the biogas generation with DSAC-Model biogas plant in the central zone of Afghanistan is beneficent.
Heat Exchanger Process Optimization in A Typical Brewery Plant
Authors: Mathew Shadrack Uzoma , Tamzor Lebari Aban
Published: January 2020

The research attempts to improve upon the performance efficiency of the heat exchanger network system of Pabod Brewery, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. It swaps the heat system of the plant by the use of Pinch Technology to recover waste heat and integrating the recovered energy for process application. The application software is Microsoft Excel and Problem Table Method was employed in the numerical analysis of data. The gross energy expenditure by the plant is 10.44MW at production capacity of 400,000 liters of beer per day. On quantitative aggregate 6.157MW goes for heating and 4.267MW for cooling. A temperature pinch or minimum approach temperature (ΔTmin)of 100C was used in the pinch analysis of the heat exchangers performance. The research findings confirmed minimum heating utility of 5.04MW and cooling utility of 3.09MW. with energy upturn of 1.08MW and 1.23MW for the hot and cold flows respectively. This correlates to energy conservation of 18% for hot utility and 21% for the cold utility. The hot stream pinch temperature is 710C while that of the cold stream is 610C. Heat exchangers network configuration design were performed above and below the pinch The network designs were produced and integrated to produce improved heat exchanger network system for the Brewery plant.
Outlet Surface Area Influence in Spiral Casing Design on Centrifugal Fan Performance
Authors: Gjeta Ardit , Malka Lorenc
Published: January 2020

In this paper, the effect of the outlet surface area of the spiral casing on the performance of a centrifugal fan was investigated using open source CFD software OpenFOAM [1]. An automized loop with RANS and data post-processing is set up using Matlab, for allowing a large number of parameter variations. The effect was analyzed as a function of total pressure loss and static pressure recovery coefficient and on total efficiency as well.
Argument-Driven Inquiry, Gender, and Its Effects on Argumentation Skills
Authors: Hasnunidah Neni , Wiono Wisnu Juli
Published: January 2020

Argumentation is considered by science teachers as a major component of science education. Middle school students need to be empowered in their argumentation skills to answer challenges to global competition. This study aimed to compare the argumentation skills between male and female students in science through the Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) model and guided inquiry model. There were 317 participants (150 male and 167 female) eighth-grade students of several schools in Bandar Lampung. The Pretest-posttest Non-equivalent Control Group Design was used as a part of a quasi-experimental design. The experiment class applied the ADI model and the control class applied the guided inquiry model. The data were collected by argumentation test, questionnaire of implementation learning syntax, and participant’s response. The data were analyzed by ANCOVA test and qualitative techniques. The results indicated that the ADI model led to a significant increased in argumentation skills in the science context. Moreover, there is no difference in the achievement of females and males. When students were encouraged to state claims and support their claims with data, warrants, and backing, it was observed that their argumentative discourse increased in terms of both the structure and the complexity of the argumentation. In light of the findings, it is suggested that the argumentation activities should be developed to promote students' science content knowledge and argumentation skills of both male and female students.
Pengembangan Agroforestry Kopi dalam Mendukung Peran Hutan di Kawasan Highland Kabupaten Jeneponto
Authors: Rijal Syamsu
Published: January 2020

Deforestasi dan degradasi lahan menjadi lahan pertanian untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan masyarakat terus terjadi. Deforestasi, dan degradasi lahan akan menimbulkan banyak masalah ekologi seperti penurunan kesuburan tanah, erosi, kepunahan flora dan fauna, banjir, kekeringan dan bahkan perubahan lingkungan global. Agroforestry merupakan perpaduan tanaman pertanian dan kehutanan yang bisa menjadi salah satu sistem pengelolaan lahan sebagai solusi mengatasi masalah ekologi dan sekaligus juga untuk mengatasi masalah pangan. Maka dilakukan kajian pengembangan agroforestry berbasis kopi di kawsan highland Kabupaten Jeneponto untuk mendukung peran hutan dianalisis secara terintegrasi dari kegiatan inventarisasi karateristik lahan dengan kesesuaian lahan dan sosial ekonomi masyarakat dalam membudidayakan kopi menggunakan metode Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan analisis deskriptif. Hasilnya menunjukkan sebaran kopi arabika dtemukan dibagian utara wilayah Kecamatan Rumbia, sedangkan sebaran kopi Robusta ditemukan dibagian selatan Kecamatan dan satu Desa di Kecamatan Kelara. Kesesuaian lahan untuk pengembangan jenis kopi Robusta di seluruh wilayah Kecamatan Kelara, Kecamatan Rumbia bagian selatan dan pengembangan kopi jenis Arabika di wilayah bagian utara Kecamatan Rumbia. Pengembangan agroforestry kopi di Kawasan highland Kabupaten Jeneponto sebagai jawaban permasalah sosial ekonomi masyarakat sekitar, budidaya tanaman kopi, dan pengganti peran hutan sebagai konservasi tanah dan air dalam menekan aliran permukaan dan erosi serta menjaga unsur hara tanah.
POLA DAN MOTIVASI AGROFORESTRY SERTA KONTRIBUSINYA TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PETANI HUTAN RAKYAT DI KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Idris Andi Irmayanti
Published: January 2020

Kabupaten Polewali Mandar merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang sebagian masyarakatnya melakukan usaha tani dalam memanfaatkan lahan hutan rakyat dengan menanam tanaman pertanian dan pohon-pohon yang dapat menghasilkan kayu maupun pakan ternak. Sistem ini sudah lama dikembangkan secara turun temurun oleh petani yang mengelolah lahannya dengan sistem agroforestry, namun pengelolaannya masih dinilai kurang serius sehingga masih ada anggapan masyarakat bahwa, komoditas selain hasil hutan kayu kurang memiliki nilai tambah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah “Mengidentifikasi  pola-pola dan motivasi agroforestry serta kontribusinya terhadap pendapatan petani hutan rakyat ”. penelitian ini dilakukan tepatnya di Desa Mirring Kecamatan Binuang Kabupaten Polewali Mandar pada bulan April hingga Juli 2019. Akumulasi data menggunakan metode survei dan wawancara . Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, petani mengembangkan empat bentuk sistem pengelolaan hutan rakyat berbasis agroforestry yaitu pola agroforestry bentuk campuran acak, (Mixture Random), pola agroforestry  bentuk baris (Alternate Rows) , pola agroforestry bentuk Pagar (Atress Along Borders) dan pola agroforestry bentuk lorong (Alley Cropping). Sedangkan Motivasi masyarakat dalam berpola tanam agroforestry dipengaruhi oleh manfaat yang dirasakan yaitu Ekonomi dengan persentase tertinggi sebesar 51,65% , sedang pada motivasi Sosial(27,47%).dan terendah pada motivasi  Ekologi (20,88%), Kecendrungan motivasi ekonomi mempengaruhi Petani memilih pola tanam. Pola agroforestry yang memberikan kontribusi pendapatan terbesar adalah pola agroforestry A (Agrisilvikultur Atress Along Borders) dengan pendapatan rata-rata    Rp.14.873.222 dengan persentase 28,58%. Terdapat 3 jenis produk agroforestry yang merupakan sumber pendapatan terbesar yakni Kakao , Langsat dan Durian.
Can ISO 38200:2018 Wood and Wood Based Product Chain of Custody Increase Businesss Competitiveness of Wood Industries in West Java ?
Authors: PURWANTO AGUS , Asbari Masduki , Santoso Priyono Budi
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implementation of new  standard ISO 38200:2018 to business performance and competitiveness for wood industries in west java. This research was conducted in several companies that use woods as raw material in west  java of Indonesia  with  180 respondents of companies that have plan to implement the ISO 38200:2018. The research background is due to lack of research on the benefits of  ISO 38200:2018 in wood companies in West Java Province of Indonesia. The data collection was carried out by distributing electronic questionnaires on september until november 2019 and analyzing data processing use Structural Equation Model (SEM) and software Linear Structural Model (LISREL) version 8.70. The results of analysis  show that the implementation of ISO 38200:2018 has significantly influenced business performance and competitiveness such as increase customer satisfaction index, increase sales, increase productivity and safety and employee satisfaction.
Creative drama method in tourism education: Student opinions on role in learning, course process, and mood
Authors: ÖZOĞUL Tuğçe , GÜNAY AKTAŞ Semra , SEZEREL Hakan , ADIGÜZEL Ömer
Published: January 2020

This research aims to reveal the opinions of the students of tourism education about the role of creative drama method in learning, course process and mood. The creative drama sessions prepared for the subjects in the hotel management course were conducted for a total of 11 weeks and 33 hours during a course period. The data of the research are participant diaries written by the students during the course period; At the end of the semester, students' letters and semi-structured questions were obtained through face-to-face interviews. Content analysis was applied to the collected data by using a qualitative research approach. As a result of the analysis, students’ opinions; learning, lesson process, and mood. As a result of the research, the creative drama method provides a suitable ground for vocational education and the method can be used in other courses. In the effective field, the students stated that their creative method was willing and willing to participate in the lessons and they felt happy, comfortable and confident during the course.
Tidal Parameters as a Tool for the Determination of the Coordinates of the SLR Stations
Authors: Jagoda Marcin , Rutkowska Miłosáawa , Obuchovski Romuald , Suchocki Czesław , Katzer Jacek
Published: January 2020

One of the primary objectives of satellite geodesy is the determination of coordinates of the satellite laser ranging (SLR) stations. This task is conducted by using laser ranging techniques. The main goal of the current study was to assess the influence of using varied values of the tidal parameters (Love h

2
and Shida l

2
numbers) on the determination of the positions of chosen SLR stations. The obtained results are presented for coordinates determination conducted for six SLR stations: Mt Stromlo (no. 7825, Australia), Matera (no. 7941, Italy), Grasse (no. 7845, France), McDonald (no. 7080, USA), Arequipa (no. 7403, Peru) and Beijing (no. 7249, China). The analysis covers SLR data for 2 satellites (LAGEOS1 and LAGEOS2), which were observed for 10 consecutive years (from 2008 to 2018). The analysis was performed using the ITRF2014 reference frame in two scenarios of calculations. In scenario 1, the SLR stations coordinates were calculated using the nominal values as per the International Earth Rotation and Reference System Service (IERS) standards recommendation of the Love/Shida numbers: h

2
= 0.6078, l

2
= 0.0847. In scenario 2, the coordinates were estimated using the harnessing values of the Love/Shida numbers (h

2
= 0.6140 and l

2
= 0.0876), which were proposed by authors in a previous publication. The effect of the application of different values of the Love/Shida numbers for the determination of SLR stations coordinates was scrutinized.
Performance Evaluation of Global High-rated ETFs During the Taper Tantrum
Authors: Marios Arampatzis , Kalliopi Daskalou , Evangelia Papaioannou , Paraskevi Prassa
Published: January 2020

This study examines the performance of fifty global exchanged-traded funds (ETFs) traded on US stock exchanges. Specififcally, it refers to the period following the end of quantitative easing, which took place in 2014. Therefore, the data, on which the study is based, refer to the period from 24/10/2014 to 24/09/2018 and they are expressed in a weekly frequency. By employing the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), we evaluate the performance of fifty ETFs according to their rating by the MorningStar. Their performance was measured using Sharpe and Treynor ratios as well as Jensen’s alpha and the betas and a/b measures. The results of the study indicate that the examined ETFs show selectivity skills and present bearish behaviour in relation to the market during QE-tapering.
Development of Inflation Expectations in Serbia and a Comparative Analysis
Authors: Martin Vesna
Published: January 2020

Inflation expectations are very important when it comes to monetary policy and its decisions. In countries which are applying inflation targeting, inflation expectations reflect prediction of economic agents of movement of inflation rate in mid and long term. Anchored inflation expectations and their movements within target tolerance band are pointing to effectiveness of the inflation targeting strategy. Consistent with the best international practice, after introducing the inflation targeting regime in January 2009, the National Bank of Serbia began monitoring and analysing inflation expectations of economic agents (financial sector, corporate sector, trade unions, and households). The aim of this paper is to analyse inflation expectations in Serbia, but also to give a comparative analysis of inflation expectation of other countries which are using inflation targeting and floating exchange rate, as is the case of the National Bank of Serbia.
The Effect of Bank Heterogeneity on the Interest Rate Channel in Lebanon
Authors: Awdeh Ali , Jomaa Zouhour , Kassem Mohamad
Published: January 2020

The effect of bank heterogeneity on the transmission of monetary policy is capturing an increasing attention, and the debate on how bank specific characteristics may determine their reaction to monetary actions is mounting. This paper participates in this flow of research by studying the reaction of 40 banks operating in Lebanon between 1994 and 2017, to a change in lending interest rate, taking into consideration: size, market power, capitalisation, credit risk, and liquidity. The empirical results show that the impact of a change in interest rate on loan supply depends on bank market power and bank liquidity only. Consequently, interest rate channel in Lebanon operates through banks with high market power and banks with high liquidity stocks.
Interest Rate Volatility of the Federal Funds Rate: Response of the Bank Indonesia and its Impact on the Indonesian Economic Stability
Authors: Mukhlis Imam , Hidayah Isnawati , Retnasih Nora Ria
Published: January 2020

This research aims to analyse the response of the Bank Indonesia (BI rate) to the Indonesian economic stability. The data analysis is stationarity test, model stability test, lag determination, Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR), Impulse Response Function (IRF), and Variance Decomposition (VD). The research data is obtained from the publication provided by the Federal Reserve Data (FRED), the Bank Indonesia, and the Central Bureau of Statistics. The data used is since the third quarter of 2005 to the first quarter of 2017. The research results showed that the variable of the federal funds rate (FFR) significantly influences the exchange rate and the Consumer Price Index (CPI), but it does not significantly affect the BI rate, the amount of the money supply (M2), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The result of the IRF test showed that the BI rate, the amount of money supply, exchange rate (IDR/USD), GDP, and CPI positively and negatively respond the FFR change. The result of VD test indicated that the variation of the BI rate, the currency exchange rate, and CPI are mostly caused by the FFR variation.
Restructuring of the Iranian tense/aspect/mood system
Authors: Bubenik Vit , Ziamajidi Leila
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is to outline the fundamental grammaticalization and degrammat(icalizat)ion processes observable in the restructuring of the tense/aspect/mood systems of the West Iranian languages during their historical development. Their core aspectual systems will be presented as consisting of three categories: Imperfective, Perfective and Perfect.

Special attention will be paid to the rise of the analytic Perfect in Middle Persian and its further development in Early New Persian and other West Iranian languages. It will be shown that the degrammation of the copula played a significant role in the formation of compound temporal (Perfect, Pluperfect) and modal categories (Evidential, Conjectural) in New Persian, Kurdish, Balochi and Tajik. The Evidential mode of New Persian is based on the analytic Perfectrafte ast‘he is gone’ and it is found in all the three aspectual categories (Imperfective, Perfective and Perfect) and both voices. It is usually claimed that it developed in the Iranian languages probably under Turkic influence. We intend to address the contentious issue of syntactic borrowing in terms of language contact in another paper.
Production and Marketing of Carp Species in Rupandehi, Nepal
Authors: Patel Sunil Das , Karn Rupak , Bhusal Sagar , Balami Sujita , Adhikari Prabin , Kharel Raju
Published: January 2020

The research was conducted from January 2019 to June 2019 to study the fish production and marketing system in fish zone, Rupandehi. Altogether 95 respondents including 27 small farmers, 35 medium farmers and 33 large farmers were selected for household survey using simple random sampling for the study. Statistical tools, Ms- excel and SPSS of version 23 were used for data analysis. From the study, it was evident that, six species of carps of fingerlings size were stocked with high average number of common carps (3885.5/ha.) followed by silver carp (3880.5/ha). The average production of fish species was 6.06ton/ha which is slightly higher than the national average. The observed data revealed that, marketing of major quantity of fish was from on farm sale i.e. 55.78% followed by local market sale (18.94%), live fish sale in retailers (5.26%). Similarly, percentage of farmers selling fish to wholesaler, consumers, retailers and neighbours were 63.3%, 30.5%, 26.5% and 26.3% respectively. Cost and returns analysis showed average B/C ratio of 2.13. Problem ranking using 5 point scale value showed high cost of feed as the most serious problem with index value of 0.94 in the study area.
Lean Concept in Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Tanasić Zorana , Janjić Goran , Kosec Borut
Published: January 2020

The Lean concept is recognisable by how fast innovations are implemented and production processes are improved. Likewise, analysis of the implementation of Lean concepts so far has shown that Lean methods and tools cannot be applied to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the same measure as they can be applied to large enterprises.

This paper aims to present a critical review of the implementation of Lean concepts in SMEs with the claim that Lean concept can be successfully applied in all branches of industry, provided that the Lean concept is fully understood, and it’s meaning, principles and practice. Given that SMEs have limited resources, they often face difficulties during the implementation of all Lean tools and methods.

Depending on the type of improvement in Kaizen activities, the Poka Yoke and Jidoka tools should be applied. Every improvement in the production process needs to be standardised as soon as possible so that the processes can become more continuous and efficient.
Decline in Nature: an Intertextual Study
Authors: Aprilliani Wijono Yunanda
Published: January 2020

Human and nature had been living side by side and help each other since ancient times. However, the current condition of nature had pushed other humans to be aware that this ‘side by side living’ had not only been advantageous but also exploited. This is recorded by humans through literacy; starting from poems. However, these records did not only contain history but also expressions of poets and authors alike; their perspective of nature they see in their existence and or, perhaps, their hope or view of the future of nature. To find whether a work conveys life through nature or whether it conveys nature from different aspects of life, a study is needed. This writing aims to interpret the nature represented in William Blake’s The Tyger and Gordon J. L. Ramel’s Tiger, Tiger Revisited. The method used is library research and the approach used in intertextuality by focusing on the human-wildlife relationship over the years both poems were written. The results show that these poems are similar in their nature as poems. However, their idea of nature contradicts each other in the use of the figure of speech. Nature had changed drastically over the years these poems are made, and those changes are conveyed within the two poems.
Tourismmorphosis : Badung, Banyuwangi and Luwu Timur Regency (Tourism Evolution Analysis)
Authors: Mahagangga I Gusti Agung Oka , Anom I Putu , Kusuma Negara I Made
Published: January 2020

Tourismmorphosis in Badung regency, Banyuwangi regency and Luwu Timur regency is field research to understanding developing of tourism as tourism evolution analysis. Tourismmorphosis analyzed was postmodern evolution approach with case study and qualitative methods to find tourism developing stages. Begin from the introduction stage, reaction stage, institutionalization stage and compromise stage. The research novelty described that Badung Regency having reached the compromise stage, Banyuwangi Regency reached the institutionalization stage and Luwu Timur regency just started to the introductory stage. The prediction of tourism development future in Badung regency will permanent at the compromise stage, Banyuwangi Regency stay at the institutionalization stage, and Luwu Timur district will enter the reaction stage within ten until fifteen years letters.
The Representation of Women’s Domesticity: Cultural Semiotics Analysis towards Sundanese Proverbs
Authors: Ilhami Zulaika Farieda , Purwaningsih Sundari
Published: January 2020

Proverbs are an identity marker for the language users in one region. The uniqueness and cultural diversity can be seen from the meaning and use of a proverb. Therefore, this study aims to examine women's identity in the domestic domain in Sundanese proverbs. This research involves semiotic and cultural analysis. The stages of analysis were divided into 3 namely, 1) coding, 2) classification, and 3) analysis. The results of the analysis answered two issues; 1) signs found in Sundanese proverbs which include symbols, indices and icons in representing the role of women in the domestic sphere in Sundanese society, and 2) interpretations of signs associated with cultural concepts. Essentially, this study aimed to be able to provide understanding for readers regarding the position and role of women in Sundanese society to avoid gender polarity and discrimination. Besides, this study can be considered as a suggestion for policy decisions addressing gender mainstreaming in West Java.
Suicidal Tendency in Martin Sharp’s Depression of Nick Hornby’s A Long Way Down
Authors: Ahmad Dientara Fahrurozy , Tri Wedawati Mamik , Dhika Arif Rizqan Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Suicidal ideation, also known as suicidal thoughts or suicidal tendencies, concerns one thought about suicide. A Long Way Down tells about four characters that need to be done on New Year's Eve at the Topper's House building, London. The focus of this study on one of the main characters in this novel named Martin Sharp. There are two questions in this study: How is the tendency of self-murder to be described in A Long Way Down? and What is the socio-cultural influence on suicidal tendency of Martin Sharp? The study aims to reflect the desire to kill themselves in novel works and what socio-cultural things that causes of the desire to kill themselves. The core data from this study were taken from soliloquy and the thought narrative of Martin Sharp. Data were analyzed using Emile Durkheim’s theory of suicide types. The results of this study showed that there are those who prove themselves from Martin Sharp causing by three socio-cultural issues that surround it: his status as a man who is middle-aged in England, family relations, and social pressure. The thought of self-killing from Martin Sharp was categorized as egoistic self-murder.
Virtual Analysis on Proximate Body Composition of Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala
Authors: Sikandar Muhammad Atif , Hassan Zaigham , Basit Abdul , Khan Raees , Ozdemir Fethi Ahmet
Published: January 2020

Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala are the two Indian major carps and chief components of polyculture system in the local population. Proximate body composition is the analysis of water, fat, protein and ash contents of fish. Values are vary considerably within and between species, size, sexual condition, feeding season and physical activity. The percentage of water is a good indicator of its relative contents of energy, proteins and lipids. Determination of some proximate profiles such as protein content, lipid, ash and other nutrients is often necessary to ensure that they are within the range of dietary requirement and commercial specifications. Based on this background the present study was aimed to evaluate the nutritional value of some major craps (Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala) fishes of Peshawar Carp Hatchery and training centre Sherabad. The proximate composition of Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala samples were determined and data was evaluated statistically by performing t-test through Sigma Plot and graphs were made by using Graph Pad Prism. The average value of crude protein for Cirrhinus mrigala was found higher than Labeo rohita (51.7% and 39.04%) similarly the water contents were also found higher in Cirrhinus mrigala than Labeo rohita (75.88% and 73.95%). The average value of dry matter and muscle fats contents were lowered in Cirrhinus mrigala than Labeo rohita (24.11% and 26.04%) and (13.00% and 13.45%) respectively. However, the ash contents were similar in both of experimental species (23.91% and 23.93%). From these results, it is concluded that both Cirrhinus mrigala than Labeo rohita are very proteineous and have low fats contents so it is very good for the health of consumers. Further research is recommended on the other parameters and miss rays of this work.
Consumption and Use of Snail Limicolaria Flammea (Müller, 1774) in the City of Abidjan, Cote D‘ivoire
Authors: Tehi Bernard Sea , Jacques Anicet Envin Bogui , Edwige Akoa Essoma , Suomion Justin Saki , Lucien Patrice Kouamé
Published: January 2020

The nutritional survey on the snail Limicolaria flammea (Müller, 1774) integrated several aspects and made it possible to understand in particular socio-demographic characteristics of populations surveyed, the knowledge of the snail Limicolaria flammea (according to municipalities visited), vernacular names, consumption parameters, associated uses and the conservation of the meat of this snail. It appears that 55.33% of respondents are women and 44.67% are men. The most important age group is between 20-34 years old. In this age group, 50.12% of people say they consume the snail Limicolaria flammea. Ethnic groups, Akan (55.73%), Krou (35.21%), Mande (6.26%), and foreigners (2.8%) are thus represented in this study and have expressed their opinions on the knowledge and consumption of this animal species. Vernacular names (23 vernacular names) are quite different from each other according to ethnic groups. Consumption parameters showed that the flesh of snail is used for food (65.65%). Also, the shell of snail is used for medical (29.25%), and aesthetic (8.95%). Diseases treated are pain (20.46%) and rheumatism (6.90%). Investigations have shown that 61.70% of consumers keep the snail's flesh fresh, 38.30% of them smoked. The storage time most observed by consumers (65.40%) is 1 to 4 days.
Kısıntılı Sulamanın Greyfurt Bahçesinde Su Kullanımı, Verim, Verim Öğeleri ve Meyve Niteliğine Etkisi
Authors: Kekeç Uğur , Özekici Bülent
Published: January 2020

Araştırma, Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Çiftliğinde bulunan Rio Red altıntop ağaçları kullanılarak 2011 ve 2012 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, deneme bahçesindeki mevcut sulama proğramının değerlendirilmesi ile ağaçlara farklı düzeylerde uygulanan sulama suyu miktarının, verim ile meyve kalite özellikleri (pomoloji) üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Denemede damla sulama sistemi ile 3 farklı miktarda sulama suyu uygulanmıştır (I100); (I70); (I50). Her iki yıl dikkate alındığında sulama suyu miktarları, 332,48 mm (I100) ile 128,69 mm (I50) arasında değişmiştir. Gerçek bitki su tüketimleri ise su bütçesi yöntemine göre 935,6 mm (I100) ile 729,9 mm (I50) arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Denemenin birinci yılında, sulama konularına ilişkin verimler, ağaç başına, 306 (I70) ile 330 (I50) kg, ikinci yıl ise ağaç başına ortalama verim değerlerinin sulama konularına göre, 59,6 kg (I100) ile 108,5 kg (I50) arasında değişmiştir. Toplam su kullanma randımanları, 2011 yılında, WUEET 5,18 kg m-3ile 6,34 kg m-3, 2012 yılında ise; 0,52 kg m-3ile 1,74 kg m-3arasında elde edilmiştir. Sulama suyu kullanma randımanları, 2011 yılında, WUEI 15,85 kg m-3ile 30,69 kg m-3, 2012 yılında ise; 2,17 kg m-3ile 14,27 kg m-3değerleriarasında değişmiştir. Denemenin birinci yılında ortalama suda çözünen kuru madde miktarları, %10,22 (I100) ile %12,91 (I50) arasında; ikinci yılında ise %12,41 (I100) ile %13,47 (I50) arasında değişmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında sulama konularının meyve verimine etkilerinin istatistiksel olarak önemli olmamasından dolayı çifçilere su tasarrufu sağlamak amacıyla yöre için su kısıntısı önerilebilir.
Ziraat Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Süt Tüketim Alışkanlıklarının Belirlenmesi: Süt Teknolojisi Bölümü ile Tarım Ekonomisi Bölümü Karşılaştırması
Authors: Güldal Hüseyin Tayyar , Akal Havva Ceren , Türkmen Nazlı , Eminoğlu Gökçe , Koçak Celalettin
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmada, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Süt Teknolojisi Bölümü öğrencileri ile Tarım Ekonomisi Bölümü öğrencilerinin süt tüketim alışkanlıklarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Anket çalışması Süt Teknolojisi Bölümünden 66, Tarım Ekonomisi Bölümünden 84 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır. Süt Teknolojisi Bölümü öğrencilerinin %82,54‘ünün, Tarım Ekonomisi Bölümü öğrencilerinin ise %74,07‘sinin sütün beslenmedeki önemi ve yeri hakkında uzman kuruluşlardan (üniversite, özel firmalar vb.) bilgi aldıkları ortaya konmuştur. Yapılan Ki-kare analizleri sonucunda bölüm tercihi değişkeni ile öğrencilerin bilgi edindikleri ve güvenilir buldukları kaynaklar ve süt tüketim değişkenleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca her iki bölüm öğrencilerinin %98‘inin sokak sütü yerine pastörize ve UHT sütleri tercih ettiği saptanmıştır.
Irrigation Water Potential and Land Suitability Assessment in Kurfa Chele-Girawa Watershed, Wabe Shebelle River Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Mideksa Girma , Tolossa Tasisa Temesgen
Published: January 2020

Assessing available water and land for irrigation are important for planning their use. In the watershed, stream flows from some of the rivers are not known and potential irrigable areas have not been identified. By delineating watershed boundary, irrigation suitability factors such as soil type, slope, land cover/use, and distance from the water supply were classified based on the FAO guideline for land evaluation in to S1, S2, S3 and N suitability classes independently. The irrigation potential suitability analysis of soil, slope, land cover/use and Euclidean distance indicates that 55.1 %, 95.6 %, 88.6% and 93.7% respectively are in the range of highly to marginally suitable. By weighted overlay analysis, total surface irrigation suitability potential of the study area is 54.6%, from this, the potential irrigable land obtained by multi_ criteria analysis has 45.9%. The total available flow above abstraction site is 335.7m3/s or 2.9-million-meter cube (MMC) annually.
Essential Oil Composition of Thyme (Thymus zygioides Griseb. var. lycaonicus (Celak.) Ronniger) Wild Growing in Turkey
Authors: Duman Erman , Özcan Mehmet Musa , Saadiab Zrira , Özcan Mustafa Mete
Published: January 2020

The chemical composition of essential oil, which is isolated by hydrodistillation of aerial parts of Thymus zygioides growing wild in Turkey, have been determined by GC and GC/MS. Essential oil yield on a dry weight basis of aerial parts from T. zygioides was 0.45%. A total of twenty two constituents were identified by GC-MS analyses, the main components representing 92.3% the oil was identified as limonene (24.11%), cis-linalool oxide (22.91%), eucalyptol (8.65%). 3-octonol (7.04%), nerol (4.47%) geranyl acetate (3.19%), carvacrol (2.74%), linalyl propanoate (2.95%) and sabinene (2.23%). The essential oil of T. zygioides was characterized by its high content of limonene (24.11%).
The Alarm Bells Are Ringing: A Call to Action From a Newly Retired Professional Athlete
Authors: Hammerseng-Edin Gro
Published: January 2020

Synopsis

The total load on elite athletes is too high. There is no easy solution to this problem—athletes, coaches, and managers do not want to lower their ambitions. We cannot wait to address the problem until athletes start complaining, because elite athletes do not complain. We proudly push our bodies beyond the limits, and that is our trademark. Very few athletes will risk their position by admitting they can't deal with the load. What I need you to take seriously is that athletes who are passionate about their sport often lose the ability to think rationally about load and injuries. This Viewpoint is about athletes who sometimes under-report or ignore their injuries and whose concerns are not taken seriously. I want to start a discussion: how do we in the elite sports community ensure load is manageable across the athlete's career? J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(4):170–172. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.0604
PENERAPAN MODEL TSTS DAN NHT PADA MATERI PERSAMAAN FUNGSI EKSPONEN
Authors: Rahmawati Nurina Kurniasari , Kusuma Arie Purwa , Suparman Patar
Published: January 2020

The aim of the research was to find out wich one that gives mathematics achievement between Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS), Numbered Heads Together (NHT) or conventional learning models in exponential function. The sampel on this research was 108 students consisted of 36 students in the first experimental group, 36 students in the second experimental group and 36 students in the control group. The instruments used were mathematics achievement test. The sampling teqnique is cluster random sampling. The analyze prerequisite Lilliefors metod for nourmality test and used Bartlett metod for homogeny tast. The data was analyzed using balanced one-way analysis of variance and to be assumed to Scheffe’ metod. The conclusions of the research were as follows. (1) TSTS learning model gives better mathematics achievement than NHT and conventional learning model, and NHT learning model gives better mathematics achievement than direct learning model.AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui model manakah yang memberikan prestasi matematika antara model Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS), model Numbered Heads Together (NHT) atau model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi fungsi eksponensial. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 108 siswa yang terdiri dari 36 siswa pada kelompok eksperimen pertama, 36 siswa pada kelompok eksperimen kedua dan 36 siswa pada kelompok kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar matematika. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah cluster random sampling. Metode analisis Lilliefors prasyarat untuk uji normalitas dan menggunakan metoda Bartlett untuk uji homogen. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians satu satu jalan dengan sel sama dan dilanjutkan uji Scheffe. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut. (1) model pembelajaran TSTS memberikan prestasi matematika yang lebih baik daripada NHT dan model pembelajaran konvensional, dan model pembelajaran NHT memberikan prestasi matematika yang lebih baik daripada model pembelajaran langsung.Kata kunci: TSTS, NHT, konvensional, prestasi matematika.
Stimuli-Responsive Particle-Based Amphiphiles as Active Colloids Prepared by Anisotropic Click Chemistry
Authors: Lanz Cornelia , Schlötter Moritz , Klinkenberg Nele , Besirske Patricia , Polarz Sebastian
Published: January 2020

Amphiphiles alter the energy of surfaces, but the extent of this feature is typically constant. Smart systems with amphiphilicity as a function of an external, physical trigger are desirable. As a trigger, the exposure to a magnetic field, in particular, is desired because it is not shielded in water. Amphiphiles like surfactants are well known, but the magnetic response of molecules is typically weak. Vice-versa, magnetic particles with strong response to magnetic triggers are fully established in nanoscience, but they are not amphiphilic. In this work colloids with Janus architecture and ultra-small dimensions (25nm) have been prepared by spatial control over the Thiol-Yne click modification of organosilica-magnetite core-shell nanoparticles. The amphiphilic properties of these anisotropically modified particles are proven. Finally, a pronounced and reversible change in interfacial stabilization results from the application of a weak (<<1T) magnetic field.
Spin-Orbit Matrix Elements for a Combined Spin-Flip and IP/EA Approach
Authors: Meitei Oinam , Houck Shannon , Mayhall Nicholas
Published: January 2020

We present a practical approach for computing the Breit-Pauli spin-orbit matrix elements of multiconfigurational systems with both spin and spatial degeneracies based on our recently developed RAS-nSF-IP/EA method (JCTC, 15,

2278, 2019). The spin-orbit matrix elements over all the multiplet components are computed using a single one-particle reduced density matrix as a result of the Wigner-Eckart theorem. A mean field spin-orbit approximation was used to account for the two-electron contributions. Basis set dependence as well as the effect of including additional excitations is presented. The effect of correlating the core and semi-core orbitals is also examined. Surprisingly accurate results are obtained for spin-orbit coupling constants, despite the fact that the efficient wavefunction approximations we explore neglect the bulk of dynamical correlation.
RANCANG BANGUN ANTENA MIKROSTRIP PATCH CIRCULAR DENGAN TEKNIK LINIER ARRAY UNTUK FREKUENSI WIFI 2,4 GHZ
Authors: Saputra Surya Hadi , Jayati Ari Endang , Erlinasari Erlinasari
Published: January 2020

Microstrip antenna when the antenna is one of the very rapid development in telecommunications systems that applied to many modern telecommunication equipment today. One application is the wifi. Wifi (Wireless Fidelity) is a wellknown tech-nology that utilizes an electronic device to exchange data wirelessly (using radio waves) over a computer network, including high-speed Internet connection, to provide a network connection to all users in the surrounding area. The purpose of this final project is to design microstrip patch antenna built a circular linier array that can be used for signal wifi stronger. The resulting microstrip antenna working in 2.4 GHz band with the acquisition of gain =3.4301 dBi, VSWR = 1.3749 and radiation pattern unidirectional. This antenna design simulation using the software Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v13. For linear circular microstrip patch antenna array then showed its parameters.
Keywords: Microstrip Antenna, Wifi, Array, VSWR, Gain
SIMULASI PH AIR UNTUK AIR BOILER DAN AIR CHILLER PADA MESIN PRODUKSI REFRIGERATOR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN LOGIKA FUZZY
Authors: Irawan Andhika , Heranurweni Sri , Nurhayati Titik
Published: January 2020

The need for water is very important for the production process, the water quality must also be considered the pH value so that the water is suitable for use in boilers or chillers. Seeing from these needs a simulation was made on matlab R2017a using a fuzzy toolbox that can find out the water quality with fuzzy mamdani method. This fuzzy logic simulation can determine the standard value of boiler water pH (10.5-11.5) and the standard pH value of chiller water (6-8) in the production machine. The methods in fuzzy logic used are mamdani and centroid methods as deffuzification with R2017a matlab simulation tool. The fuzzy inference system used is the mamdani method. This study made a simulation of mamdani method that can determine the quality of the PH water produced by using fuzzy logic. Chiller water pH can be used if iron ion values (0-2 ppm), silica ions (50-150 ppm), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) (500-1000 ppm), total Hardness (100-200 ppm), M-alkalinity (500-750 ppm) from the standard value, the pH of the chiller water can be proven to reach a water pH value of 6-8. Boiler water pH can be used if iron ion values (0-2 ppm), silica ions (100-150 ppm), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) (2000-3500 ppm), total Hardness (0-3 ppm), M-alkalinity (700-800 ppm) from the standard value, the pH of boiler water can be proven to reach a water pH value of 10.5-11.5.
Keywords: fuzzy logic, Mamdani method, pH of boiler water
PREDIKSI BEBAN ENERGI LISTRIK APJ KOTA SEMARANG MENGGUNAKAN METODE RADIAL BASIS FUNCTION (RBF)
Authors: Cahyo Mukti Dwi , Heranurweni Sri , Harmini Harmini
Published: January 2020

Electric power is one of the main needs of society today, ranging from household consumers to industry. The demand for electricity increases every year. So as to achieve adjustments between power generation and power demand, the electricity provider (PLN) must know the load needs or electricity demand for some time to come. There are many studies on the prediction of electricity loads in electricity, but they are not specific to each consumer sector. One of the predictions of this electrical load can be done using the Radial Basis Function Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method. This method uses training data learning from 2010 - 2017 as a reference data. Calculations with this method are based on empirical experience of electricity provider planning which is relatively difficult to do, especially in terms of corrections that need to be made to changes in load. This study specifically predicts the electricity load in the Semarang Rayon network service area in 2019-2024. The results of this Artificial Neural Network produce projected electricity demand needs in 2019-2024 with an average annual increase of 1.01% and peak load in 2019-2024. The highest peak load in 2024 and the dominating average is the household sector with an increase of 1% per year. The accuracy results of the Radial Basis Function model reached 95%.
Rancang Bangun Electronic Couter Dengan Control Display
Authors: Muhajirin Wibowo Ahmad
Published: January 2020

Perkembangan dunia medis saat ini tingkat efisiensi waktu dan ketelitian sangat menentukan, salah satu alat penunjang di bidang peralatan kedokteran adalah electronic couter, yang digunakan pada saat tindakan khitan dan pemotongan/ cutting. Tujuan penggunaan alat ini adalah untuk mengurangi atau meminimalisir perdarahan, tanpa jahitan, dengan nilai estetika lebih baik, karena pembuluh darah yang terbuka di daerah luka langsung dapat ditutup. Sebelum ditemukannya alat ini, teknik pembedahan dilakukan hanya dengan menggunakan instrumen konvensional, yaitu berupa pisau bedah. Dampak penggunaan instrumen ini dapat mengakibatkan pendarahan pada saat dilakukan tindakan pembedahan. Berdasarkan latarbelakang tersebut penulis ingin membuat alat electronic couter yang mampu memudahkan dokter khitan dalam pekerjaannya. Dengan interactive Control Display, alat ini mampu menampilkan suhu panas pada filament prob logam yang akan digunakan untuk tindakan pemotongan jaringan kulit. Kata

Kunci :Electronic Couter, Cutting, Control Display
RANCANG BANGUN SYRINGE PUMP
Authors: Falista M Hafidz
Published: January 2020

  A syringe pump is a tool for inserting high-dose drug fluids given to patients. The accuracy and accuracy of the amount of fluid given to this device are quite high. The need for this tool in hospitals is very large, but in terms of the economy, the price of the equipment is still very expensive so it is not affordable for small hospitals. The purpose of making a syringe pump is to be able to meet the needs of the syringe pump in small hospitals so that it can save on budget expenses. Therefore a syringe pump is designed, designed using the Arduino Nano as a control system, display flow speed with 16x2 LCD, stepper motor as a syringe booster according to the regulated flow speed, and buzzer as an alarm when a blockage occurs and the syringe placement is incorrect. Flowrate parameters at a speed of 10 ml / hour, 20 ml / hour, 30 ml / hour, 40 ml / hour and 50 ml / hour.

Keywords: Syringe Pump, flowrate, stepper motor, Arduino Nano  
SISTEM MONITORING PENGENDALI DAN PENGHITUNG WAKTU PADA DRAG RACE BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER AT MEGA 8535
Authors: Bangun Marhendra Vendi , Heranurweni Sri
Published: January 2020

  In a drag race, which is often held by race organizers. The process of determining the jump start and determining who crosses the first finish line still relies on human monitoring. Manually recording (stopwatch) is not enough because there are many inhibiting factors, including: operator, start theft by drivers, recording results, damage to the stopwatch and others. The drag race is often held during the day. The hot weather will cause someone to get tired quickly, in this case it is aimed at the person who is the operator who monitors the theft of the start and the operator at the finish line because the person is in the middle of a very hot track. Based on the reasons mentioned above, it is necessary to have a controller and timer system on the ATMega8535 microcontrollerbased drag race. Making this tool will facilitate the work of humans in obtaining information in the racing arena that does not allow humans to do it manually, so that accurate data is obtained.

Keywords: Atmega 8535 microcontroller, jump start, stopwatch  