bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An assessment of fatigability following nerve transfer to reinnervate elbow flexor muscles
Authors: Wilcox M. , Brown H. , Johnson K. , Sinisi M. , Quick T. J.
Published: June 2019

Aims

Improvements in the evaluation of outcomes following peripheral nerve injury are needed. Recent studies have identified muscle fatigue as an inevitable consequence of muscle reinnervation. This study aimed to quantify and characterize muscle fatigue within a standardized surgical model of muscle reinnervation.

Patients and Methods

This retrospective cohort study included 12 patients who underwent Oberlin nerve transfer in an attempt to restore flexion of the elbow following brachial plexus injury. There were ten men and two women with a mean age of 45.5 years (27 to 69). The mean follow-up was 58 months (28 to 100). Repeated and sustained isometric contractions of the elbow flexors were used to assess fatigability of reinnervated muscle. The strength of elbow flexion was measured using a static dynamometer (KgF) and surface electromyography (sEMG). Recordings were used to quantify and characterize fatigability of the reinnervated elbow flexor muscles compared with the uninjured contralateral side.

Results

The mean peak force of elbow flexion was 7.88 KgF (sd 3.80) compared with 20.65 KgF (sd 6.88) on the contralateral side (p < 0.001). Reinnervated elbow flexor muscles (biceps brachialis) showed sEMG evidence of fatigue earlier than normal controls with sustained (60-second) isometric contraction. Reinnervated elbow flexor muscles also showed a trend towards a faster twitch muscle fibre type.

Conclusion

The assessment of motor outcomes must involve more than peak force alone. Reinnervated muscle shows a shift towards fast twitch fibres following reinnervation with an earlier onset of fatigue. Our findings suggest that fatigue is a clinically relevant characteristic of reinnervated muscle. Adoption of these metrics into clinical practice and the assessment of outcome could allow a more meaningful comparison to be made between differing forms of treatment and encourage advances in the management of motor recovery following nerve transfer. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:867–871.
High risk of positive Trendelenburg test after using the direct lateral approach to the hip compared with the anterolateral approach
Authors: Ugland T. O. , Haugeberg G. , Svenningsen S. , Ugland S. H. , Berg Ø. H. , Pripp A. H. , Nordsletten L.
Published: June 2019

Aims

The aim of this randomized trial was to compare the functional outcome of two different surgical approaches to the hip in patients with a femoral neck fracture treated with a hemiarthroplasty.

Patients and Methods

A total of 150 patients who were treated between February 2014 and July 2017 were included. Patients were allocated to undergo hemiarthroplasty using either an anterolateral or a direct lateral approach, and were followed for 12 months. The mean age of the patients was 81 years (69 to 90), and 109 were women (73%). Functional outcome measures, assessed by a physiotherapist blinded to allocation, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were collected postoperatively at three and 12 months.

Results

A total of 11 patients in the direct lateral group had a positive Trendelenburg test at one year compared with one patient in the anterolateral group (11/55 (20%) vs 1/55 (1.8%), relative risk (RR) 11.1; p = 0.004). Patients with a positive Trendelenburg test reported significantly worse Hip Disability Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (HOOS) compared with patients with a negative Trendelenburg test. Further outcome measures showed few statistically significant differences between the groups.

Conclusion

The direct lateral approach in patients with a femoral neck fracture appears to be associated with more positive Trendelenburg tests than the anterolateral approach, indicating a poor clinical outcome. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:793–799.
Cost-effectiveness and satisfaction following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair
Authors: Nicholson J. A. , Searle H. K. C. , MacDonald D. , McBirnie J.
Published: June 2019

Aims

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of age on the cost-effectiveness of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Patients and Methods

A total of 112 patients were prospectively monitored for two years after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH), the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), and the EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D). Complications and use of healthcare resources were recorded. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used to express the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). Propensity score-matching was used to compare those aged below and above 65 years of age. Satisfaction was determined using the Net Promoter Score (NPS). Linear regression was used to identify variables that influenced the outcome at two years postoperatively.

Results

A total of 92 patients (82.1%) completed the follow-up. Their mean age was 59.5 years (sd 9.7, 41 to 78). There were significant improvements in the mean DASH (preoperative 47.6 vs one-year 15.3; p < 0.001) and OSS scores (26.5 vs 40.5; p < 0.001). Functional improvements were maintained with no significant change between one and two years postoperatively. The mean preoperative EQ-5D was 0.54 increasing to 0.81 at one year (p < 0.001) and maintained at 0.86, two years postoperatively. There was no significant difference between those aged below or above 65 years of age with regards to postoperative shoulder function or EQ-5D gains. Smoking was the only characteristic that significantly adversely influenced the EQ-5D at two years postoperatively (p = 0.005). A total of 87 were promoters and five were passive, giving a mean NPS of 95 (87/92). The total mean cost per patient was £3646.94 and the mean EQ-5D difference at one year was 0.2691, giving a mean ICER of £13 552.36/QALY. At two years, this decreased further to £5694.78/QALY. This was comparable for those aged below or above 65 years of age (£5209.91 vs £5525.67). Smokers had an ICER that was four times more expensive.

Conclusion

Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair results in excellent patient satisfaction and cost-effectiveness, regardless of age. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:860–866.
Evaluation of vitamin E-diffused highly crosslinked polyethylene wear and porous titanium-coated shell stability: a seven-year randomized control trial using radiostereometric analysis
Authors: Galea V. P. , Rojanasopondist P. , Laursen M. , Muratoglu O. K. , Malchau H. , Bragdon C.
Published: June 2019

Aims

Vitamin E-diffused, highly crosslinked polyethylene (VEPE) and porous titanium-coated (PTC) shells were introduced in total hip arthroplasty (THA) to reduce the risk of aseptic loosening. The purpose of this study was: 1) to compare the wear properties of VEPE to moderately crosslinked polyethylene; 2) to assess the stability of PTC shells; and 3) to report their clinical outcomes at seven years.

Patients and Methods

A total of 89 patients were enrolled into a prospective study. All patients received a PTC shell and were randomized to receive a VEPE liner (n = 44) or a moderately crosslinked polyethylene (ModXLPE) liner (n = 45). Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) was used to measure polyethylene wear and component migration. Differences in wear were assessed while adjusting for body mass index, activity level, acetabular inclination, anteversion, and head size. Plain radiographs were assessed for radiolucency and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were administered at each follow-up.

Results

In total, 73 patients (82%) completed the seven-year visit. Mean seven-year linear proximal penetration was -0.07 mm (sd 0.16) and 0.00 mm (sd 0.22) for the VEPE and ModXLPE cohorts, respectively (p = 0.116). PROMs (p = 0.310 to 0.807) and radiolucency incidence (p = 0.330) were not different between the polyethylene cohorts. The mean proximal shell migration rate was 0.04 mm per year (sd 0.09). At seven years, patients with radiolucency (34%) demonstrated greater migration (mean difference: 0.6 mm (sd 0.2); p < 0.001). PROMs were lower for patients with radiolucency and greater proximal migration (p = 0.009 to p = 0.045). No implants were revised for aseptic loosening.

Conclusion

This is the first randomized controlled trial to report seven-year RSA results for VEPE. All wear rates were below the previously reported osteolysis threshold (0.1 mm per year). PTC shells demonstrated acceptable primary stability through seven years, as indicated by low migration and lack of aseptic loosening. However, patients with acetabular radiolucency were associated with higher shell migration and lower PROM scores. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:760–767.
Monólogo y silencio en los consejos de profesores: Posiciones subjetivas que la política educativa configura en directivos y docentes de dos escuelas públicas no selectivas de Chile
Authors: Acuña Felipe , Contreras Paulina , Assaél Jenny
Published: June 2019

La visión tradicional del ciclo de una política educativa sigue una dirección definida: desde arriba y afuera (diseño y evaluación), hacia abajo y adentro (implementación). La escuela ocupa aquí el lugar de la implementación. Sin embargo, es posible entender que, según sus necesidades y posibilidades, en la escuela ocurre un proceso de traducción creativo (re-contextualización) de las diversas políticas educativas que circulan. El Consejo de Profesores, lugar formal de reunión entre los profesionales de la educación, es un lugar privilegiado para entender mejor este proceso de re-contextualización de la política. En el marco de un trabajo etnográfico de seis años (2012 – 2018) en tres escuelas públicas no selectivas de Chile, este artículo reporta el trabajo intensivo que se realizó en dos de ellas durante los años 2012 – 2014, buscando arrojar luces respecto al cierre definitivo que una de ellas vivió a fines del 2016. Frente a la percepción de docentes y directivos de este espacio como uno aburrido y tedioso, elaboramos dos posiciones subjetivas, el monólogo directivo y el silencio docente. Ambas posiciones dan cuenta de la forma en que en los Consejos de Profesores se hace política educativa, una forma que se caracteriza por una escisión subjetiva que dificulta el dialogo reflexivo.
Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar no contexto do federalismo: Sob a ótica do gestor educacional
Authors: Bastos Rosaria Cal , Emmendoerfer Magnus Luiz , Bifano Amélia Carla Sobrinho , Loreto Maria das Dores Saraiva
Published: June 2019

Este artigo parte de um pressuposto: os gestores em nível local do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) enfrentam desafios sombreados pela forma organizativa do Estado brasileiro no momento da efetivação dessa política. Neste sentido, o objetivo central é analisar os aspectos do federalismo no PNAE, traçando reflexões para os gestores educacionais sobre o processo de implementação do PNAE, coordenado pela União, e seus efeitos nas relações intergovernamentais. Mostra ainda os desafios enfrentados pelos gestores do PNAE no âmbito local. Em termos metodológicos, aplicou-se um estudo de caso com base em documentos e entrevista, com roteiros semiestruturados, dos gestores do PNAE, municipal e estadual, existentes no município de Coimbra, MG. Os resultados indicam que há diferenças nas diretrizes e metas estabelecidas no planejamento do PNAE no âmbito local devido à atuação não integrada de dois entes federativos, que geram dificuldades para os gestores educacionais em termos de gestão do PNAE. Portanto, considerar as particularidades do federalismo no contexto do PNAE, pode trazer novos olhares para que esse programa seja um instrumento educativo que interligue a alimentação saudável às nuances da cultura local, redesenhando seu processo de formulação e implementação, visando proporcionar um melhor desempenho da gestão pública, especialmente, a escolar.
Stochastic transient Liquid-Solid Phase Separation reveals multi-level Dispersion States of Particles in Suspension
Authors: Gane Patrick , Dimic-Misic Katarina , Hummel Michael , Welker Matthias , Rentsch Samuel
Published: June 2019

Wall slip or, more usually, liquid-solid phase separation at the boundary wall when measuring the rheological properties of particulate suspensions is normally considered an undesirable source of error. However, exclusion of a structure consisting of multiple particulates at a planar boundary can, in turn, reveal the nature of that structure and the way it interacts with other elements in the dispersion. Using a system of surface-treated ground calcite particles, designed to control lyophilicity, dispersed, respectively, in two comparative liquids, hexadecane (dispersive surface tension component only) and linseed oil (both dispersive and polar surface tension components), the relative wettability of the particulate surface can be studied. The static state is viscoelastic, with the elastic component reflecting the network of interacting forces acting to structure the particles together and/or to trap liquid within the long-range particle-particle matrix. As strain is applied under plate-plate geometry, selected aggregate structures become size-excluded at the wall, leading to a loss of shear coupling with the bulk polydisperse suspension. At high strain, given optimal solids content, this results in a stochastic transition between two discrete stress data sets, i.e. that with full shear coupling and that with only partial coupling. Stress recovery is subsequently monitored as strain is step-wise reduced, and the progress toward loss of the stochastic transient phenomenon, together with its parallel change in magnitude, is used to describe the re-formation of primary agglomerates. Cessation of the phase separation indicates re-build of the close-to-static structure. Under certain conditions it is observed that the cessation may be accompanied by a secondary relaxation of state, indicating the build of a secondary but weaker structure, likened to the well-known dual-level flocculation in aqueous colloidal suspension. Rheo-optical observations using small angle light scattering illumination (SALS) are used to confirm a structure model switching from static (uncoupled with shear) to rotating (fully coupled to the boundary-defined shear) and finally uniformly sheared.
Aufzeichnungen über einen unheimlichen Mönch: Eine kommentierte Übersetzung
Authors: Müller Simone , Hill Steven , Kim Sukwi , Müller Francis , Suzuki Nahoko , Toledo Andres
Published: June 2019

Yōsōki (Records about a Creepy Monk, 1902) is a lesser-known short story of Izumi Kyōka, one of the most popular writers of the Meiji period. Kyōka, known for his fantastic, pictorial and folksy stories, belonged to the renowned literary circle Kenyūsha, founded by Ozaki Kōyō, that committed itself to light fiction and firmly rejected didactically motivated literature. The story Yōsōki presented here for the first time in German translation, stands prototypically in the tradition of the fantastic-aesthetic literature characteristic for Kyōka’s writing.
Die geheimen Lehrschriften zur Duft-Kunst (Kōdō hidensho) – Ästhetik und Praxis der Duft-Kunst in der Edo-Zeit
Authors: Vogel Benedikt
Published: June 2019

The Incense Ceremony is one of Japans traditional arts. After the early court enjoyed fragrance and incense in a playful manner (as documented by sources dating back as far as the early eighth century), it evolved during the fifteenth century into a complex ceremony. The moment of olfactory perception turned into a strict ritual, which combined performative as well as ornamental constituents. In the following Edo period (1603–1868) the Incense Ceremony is characterized by a significant rise in popularity, marked by a growing number of practitioners, who used written treatises to teach and transmit practical knowledge about the art. As one of the first printed treatises the Kōdō hidensho 香道秘伝書 (1669) reached wide circulation. Additionally, the number of comments on this specific treatise published in the century following its publication attest to its high status. While there are other treatises focusing on some aspects of the ceremony in more detail, the Kōdō hidensho does provide a solid overview on the ceremony, its material and performative constituents, its games and how they were celebrated. Consisting of nine separate parts in its entirety, the following translation presents the first two.
Das kyōgen-Stück Rōmusha (Die alten Krieger)
Authors: Schürkes Sven
Published: June 2019

This paper presents a translation of the kyōgen play Rōmusha based on the text from the Toraakibon of the Ōkura (mid seventeenth century) school. It features the role of a boy acolyte within the homoerotic tradition of Buddhist temples in premodern Japan. Those boys were usually termed chigo. While there is already a considerable amount of research done on the historic circumstances and literary conventions in other genres, their appearance in kyōgen theater may add fruitful insights and also shed some light on their function in the comical arts. In the recent years Rōmusha has been performed again several times and it offers a vivid, realistic and erotic atmosphere which is rare to be seen in classical kyōgen. The paper aims to illustrate the structure of the play. While the focus is on the role of the chigo, comical aspects of the drama, references to nō theatre and different interpretations and performance practices will also be mentioned.
The Law on Stables and Pastures: an Annotated Translation of the Kyūmokuryō (Sect. 23 of Yōrōryō)
Authors: Manieri Antonio
Published: June 2019

This article proposes a translation of the Kyūmokuryō, or Law on Stables and Pastures, which is included in the Yōrō Era Code (718). It is the oldest extant text to systematically address only bovine and equine species, illustrating how the state protected, promoted, and enhanced their well-being. The Law provides the knowledge required to manage stables and pastures, from the allocation of tasks and duties of staff to feeding modalities (quantity, quality, and times of foraging, consumption of grass, salt, etc.), from annual animal marking and recording procedures to the treatment of illness, loss (and finding), death, mating, and calving/foaling, as well as how private animals may be exploited and the use of animals for military purposes. Historical commentaries and dictionaries have been a valuable resource in preparing the translation, and elements of animal welfare that are regarded as good practice even today are highlighted.
Staging Poetic Balance: A New Introduction to and Translation of the Noh Play Hakurakuten
Authors: Harrison LeRon James
Published: June 2019

The introduction discusses the noh play Hakurakuten in relation to the earlier introduction to and translation of the play by Arthur Waley, the reading of the play by Leo Shingchi Yip, and the concepts of allusion and allusive space advanced by Joseph Pucci. Using Pucci’s concepts, I discuss the allusions to literary texts, cultural practices, and historical events and persons in Hakurakuten in a new manner as well as assess the aspects of the play both Waley and Yip overlook and how Waley and Yip’s readings fit into an allusive space reading of the play. The translation is based on the version of the play appearing in Itō Masayoshi’s annotated volume and incorporates as much as possible the information Itō gives. It contains a translation of the kyōgen interlude, which is important to appreciating the central theme of the play and was left out of the Waley translation. It also contains more footnotes than the earlier Waley translation, notes that point out matters such as puns in language and source material for lines.
Une traduction des fragments du Recueil thématique des enseignements privés Kibi no Makibi 吉備真備 (693–775)
Authors: Defrance Arthur
Published: June 2019

This paper sheds light on a little-known text written by a very well-known figure, Kibi no Makibi (693–775). During the Nara Period (710–794) and with the advent of kentôshi, the Japanese embassies to the Tang, he went to China twice (717–735 and 752–753), first as a student, then as a vice-ambassador. Kibi no Makibi is presumably responsible for bringing back a vast amount of Chinese books to Japan and his influence in shaping the burgeoning Imperial University (Daigakuryô) makes him one of the most important intellectual figures of his time. The examined text, the fragmentary Shikyô-ruijû (Private Teachings Arranged by Topic) written in kanbun (literary sinitic), is the longest extant text by its author, and it is translated and annotated here with a critical discussion regarding its authenticity. It has not received much scholarly attention, although it is probably one of the first texts on education in the history of Japan and the first to-date instance of the genre of « house teachings » (kakun).
The Chronicle of MuchimaroThe Lower Part of the History of the Fujiwara HouseBy the Monk Enkei 延慶
Authors: Bauer Mikaël Philip J.
Published: June 2019

The Chronicle of Muchimaro (Muchimaro den 武智麻呂伝) is the third and final extant part of the History of the Fujiwara House (Tōshi kaden 藤氏家伝), an eighth century history connected with, and partly attributed to, the courtier Fujiwara no Nakamaro (藤原仲麻呂; 706–764), Muchimaro’s son.

For the translations of the first two parts, see Bauer 2017 and Bauer 2018.

Attributed to Enkei, a monk who probably was close to Nakamaro, the text celebrates the virtues and achievements of Muchimaro, a courtier whose life was cut short during the smallpox epidemic of 737. This disaster heavily affected the Fujiwara family and court politics: the four main Fujiwara officials passed away in one year, along with about one-third of the entire population.

Apart from Muchimaro, his three brothers also passed away during the epidemic: Fusasaki 藤原房前 (681–737); Umakai 藤原宇合 (694–737) and Maro 藤原麻呂 (695–737).

One of the consequences of the epidemic was the sudden rise of Tachibana no Moroe after 737 and the subsequent competition between him and Muchimaro’s sons, mainly Nakamaro. The compilation of The History of the Fujiwara House can thus be seen as part of an attempt to reestablish the authority of the Fujiwara line by Nakamaro. The text presents Muchimaro as close to the sovereign and celebrates his virtues as an official by referring to and drawing from a variety of continental sources, a characteristic that can also be discerned in the first two parts of the History.
Strongly pseudo-convex CR space forms
Authors: Cho Jong Taek
Published: June 2019

For a contact manifold, we study a strongly pseudo-convex CR space form with constant holomorphic sectional curvature for the Tanaka-Webster connection. We prove that a strongly pseudo-convex CR space formMis weakly locally pseudo-Hermitian symmetric if and only if (i) dimM= 3, (ii)Mis a Sasakian space form, or (iii)Mis locally isometric to the unit tangent sphere bundleT1(𝔿n+1) of a hyperbolic space 𝔿n+1of constant curvature −1.
Simulation algorithms for hierarchical Archimedean copulas beyond the completely monotone case
Authors: Mai Jan-Frederik
Published: June 2019

Two simulation algorithms for hierarchical Archimedean copulas in the case when intra-group generators are not necessarily completely monotone are presented. Both generalize existing algorithms for the completely monotone case. The underlying stochastic models for both algorithms arise as a particular instance of a more general probability space studied recently in Ressel, P. (2018): A multivariate version of Williamson’s theorem, ℓ
1-symmetric survival functions, and generalized Archimedean copulas. Depend. Model. 6, 356–368. On this probability space the inter-group dependence need not be Archimedean, however, we highlight two particular circumstances that guarantee that a hierarchical Archimedean copula is obtained.
Economic Efficiency and Bioenergetic Assessment of Predecessors and Fertilizer Systems in the Sunflower Cultivation
Authors: Kvashin Aleksandr A. , Neshchadim Nikolay N. , Gontcharov Sergey V. , Gorpinchenko Ksenija N.
Published: June 2019

Sunflower is one of the most profitable crops in Russia. Research was carried out in a multivariate experiment in two 10-course crop rotations with long stationary monitoring. The influence of the crop rotation type and fertilizer doses on sunflower yield and its economic efficiency were studied. The soil is heavy black soil with low humus content arable in layer – 3.90–4.05 %. It was found that it is appropriate and cost-effectively to introduce N20P30 under a sunflower, and with sufficient provision of soil mobile phosphates it is possible to apply some nitrogen fertilizer at 40 kg per ha.
Developing a Selection Criterion Using Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Sunflower (Helianthus AnnuusL.)
Authors: Riaz Adeel , Nadeem Tahir Muhammad Hammad , Rizwan Muhammad , Fiaz Sajid , Chachar Sadaruddin , Razzaq Khuram , Riaz Bisma , Sadia Hafiza
Published: June 2019

In breeding programs, it is imperative to recognize the genetic variations and levels of association between traits that directly or indirectly affect the yield. Achene yield and related traits in forty-nine sunflower genotypes were studied for genetic variability, correlations and path coefficient analysis. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for the all the studied traits in sunflower. The most active association of achene yield was found with achene/head, 100-achene weight and plant height. However, oil contents had a negative association with achene filling percentage, 100-achene weight, number of leaves and stem diameter. The maximum direct influence on achene yield were exerted by head diameter followed by achene filling percentage, 100 achene weight, achene/head and number of leaves. In contrast, plant height, days to maturity and stem diameter had the negative direct impact on yield. The genetic correlations were higher than phenotypic correlations which suggest that environmental influences were very low. Our results showed that achene/head, 100 achene weight, plant height and head diameter are important plant traits which should be considered while planning any breeding program for higher achene yield in sunflower.
Multicycle Study on Chemical Looping Combustion with a CaSO4-CaO Mixed Oxygen Carrier
Authors: Sixu Pu , Min Zheng , Yulou Liu , Zhitong Zhao , Pisupati Sarma
Published: June 2019

Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a carbon capture technology which enables CO2 capture with low net efficiency penalty. Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) is an optional oxygen carrier for commercial use, but its usage is limited due to sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission. This study approaches this issue by adding CaO species into the CaSO4 oxygen carrier to inhibit the release of SO2 from CaSO4 oxygen carrier. In this study, the cyclical tests of a CaSO4-based oxygen carrier under alternating reducing and oxidizing conditions were performed at 900 °C and 800 °C respectively in a tubular furnace reactor at atmospheric pressure. The effects of reducing gas concentration and molar ratio of CaO/CaSO4 on the performance of CaSO4-CaO oxygen carrier were studied in terms of CO2 yields, Environmental factors of SO2 and COS, molar ratios of gas sulfides to CO2 generated in fuel reactor, and molar ratios of SO2 and COS to total carbon inlet. The use of CaO additive increased the yields of CO2 obviously. The release of COS in the fuel reactor and SO2 in the air reactor decreased, but while the overall release of SO2 in the fuel reactor increased. However, for per mole CO2 generation, less gas sulfides released from the fuel reactor. High concentrations of CO were beneficial for CO2 production and a low SO2 environmental factor, and meanwhile, the molar ratios of SO2 released to inlet CO {{\text{n}}_{{\text{S}}{{\text{O}}_2}}}/{{\text{n}}_{{\text{CO}}}} decreased. However, it led to a drop in CO2 yield and an increase in COS environmental factor. As a whole, the use of CaO additive and higher CO concentration both accelerated the parallel CaSO4 reductions in fuel reactor, especially the selectivity of CaSO4 reduction to CaS.
A New Method to Extract Oridonin and Rosmarinic Acid Simultaneously from Rabdosia Rubescens
Authors: Meng Ling , Gui Xia , Yun Zhi
Published: June 2019

A new approach employing conventional solid-liquid extraction has been developed to separate oridonin (ORI) and rosmarinic acid (RA) simultaneously from Rabdosia rubescens. The effects of important parameters were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) method based on five-level, three-variable central composite design (CCD). A higher recovery rate of 65 % ORI and 88.5 % RA in conjunction with a maximum yield of 9.6 % on the plant dry weight was obtained when liquid-to-solid ratio (LtS) was 12 ml/g, ethanol content (EtC) of 80 %, extract time for 75 min. A quadratic equation was proposed to correlate the independent variables for maximum 9.6 % yield and it is in consistence with the predictive value of 9.52 %. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated that ORI and RA in final product were 6.65 times and 9.1 times richer than raw material. With the newly developed process, an extract enriched ORI and RA was obtained with fewer cost and energy.
Extended Transformed Rational Function Method to Nonlinear Evolution Equations
Authors: Yaşar Emrullah , Yıldırım Yakup , Rashid Adem Abdullahi
Published: June 2019

In this work, we study complexiton solutions to a (2+1)-dimensional (SK) equation and a (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation. The complexiton solutions are combinations of trigonometric function waves and exponential function waves. For this goal, the extended transformed rational function method is carried out which is based on the Hirota bilinear forms of the considered equations and provides a systematical and convenient tool for constructing the exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations.
Constitutional Judges as Agents for Development
Authors: De Visser Maartje
Published: June 2019

This Article explores how constitutional judges can become agents for development and how they may wish to go about performing this role. Due to the high politico-economic stakes involved and the inevitability of trade-offs between competing interests, judicial review of developmental questions is liable to expose judges to negative fall-outs. At the same time, it is fairly common for Asian constitutions to expressly set out the parameters or objectives for economic development that the State is expected to realize, while simultaneously recognizing a suite of (socio-)economic rights, thereby providing textual ammunition to query the validity of a government’s chosen implementation in court. Against this reality, the Article suggests a range of coping mechanisms that can mitigate risks to judicial legitimacy. At its broadest, the decentralized model of judicial review offers judges opportunities to side-step controversial constitutional questions that are unavailable to the same extent, or at all, to distinct constitutional courts. When deciding on the merits of developmental claims, courts should combine a strong presumption of constitutionality as far as the substance of the law is concerned with robust scrutiny of compliance with procedural guarantees. Additionally, courts should be better equipped with knowledge about the methodologies used by and insights from other social sciences to enable them to better evaluate extra-legal evidence submitted. This will also make it possible to better anticipate the likely economic consequences of particular judicial findings, possibly with a view to tailoring their remedies accordingly.
Economic Constitutionalism in the EU and Germany – The German Constitutional Court, the European Court of Justice and the European Central Bank between Law and Politics
Authors: Bröhmer Jürgen
Published: June 2019

The relationship between the European Union (EU) and its member states has recently been the subject of several legal proceedings in the German Federal Constitutional Court (GFCC) and the European Court of Justice. The backdrop to the underlying controversies were policies instituted by the European Central Bank (ECB) dealing with the economic and monetary situation in various member states in the context of the sovereign debt crises to influence interest rates, combat deflationary tendencies and keep inflation under but close to the ECB’s 2% inflation target. Especially so-called outright monetary transactions (OMTs) and the corresponding OMT-program and a particular high volume public sector asset purchasing program (PSPP) announced by the ECB have been controversially discussed. Legally, the controversies are about the prohibition for the ECB to finance debt held by the EU or member states (Article 123 TFEU) and about the delineation of economic policy (Article 119 et seq. TFEU), which lies in the hands of the members states, and monetary policy (Article 127 et seq. TFEU), which is exclusively in the hands of the ECB. The GFCC in its decisions propagated a restrictive approach emphasizing the role of the member states and pointing to the doctrines developed by it around ultra vires acts and so-called identity review. This paper attempts to shed some light on this controversy and argues that beyond the legal controversy lies a deeper problem of the relationship between judicial and political decision-making that the GFCC should exercise restraint in exercising its functions and remember its own doctrine of “open constitutional norms” developed in a different context but applicable here as well.
Transforming China by Chinese Enterprises through Foreign Direct Investment: Experience of Hong Kong Real Estate Developers
Authors: Wong Mike C. W. , Chen Steven X. G. , Choy Lennon H. T.
Published: June 2019

Foreign Indirect Investment (FDI) has played a key role in China’s economic transformation. The real estate industry in China has been the second largest sector to fetch FDI for the nation since the opening up of the economy in 1978. Regarded as foreign investors both before and after the handover of sovereignty to China in 1997, Hong Kong based real estate developers (HK developers) took up a lion share of this form of FDI. This article reviews the literature and regulatory frameworks of FDI in the real estate sector in China. It investigates two major problems encountered by the HK developers, namely investment strategy and managing projects, and their solutions through the lens of institutional analysis.
Plasmon-enhanced Förster energy transfer in Langmuir-Blodgett films based on organic dyes
Authors: Ibrayev Niyazbek , Seliverstova Evgeniya , Zhumabay Nazerke
Published: June 2019

The effect of plasmon resonance of silver island films (SIF) on the interlayer Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between xanthene and oxazine dye molecules was studied. It has been shown that the enhancement of FRET can be controlled by changing in the distance between the donor-acceptor system and the SIF. The maximum increase in energy transfer efficiency (EET) by a factor of 2.6 was recorded at a distance of 6 nm from the SIF. The assumption was made that an increase in EET can be associated with both the direct appearance of a plasmon-enhanced rate constant of energy transfer and an increase in the quantum yield of the energy donor in direct contact with the SIF. The results can serve as a basis for studying of photoinduced processes in hybrid materials such as “organic dye-plasmon nanoparticles”, to increase the photosensitivity of solar cells in the visible region of the spectrum, and for the studying of photobiological processes, as well as to create materials with desired properties, sensors and light energy converters.
Exploring Age-Related Metamemory Differences using Modified Brier Scores and Hierarchical Clustering
Authors: Parlett-Pelleriti Chelsea , Lin Grace C. , Jones Masha R. , Linstead Erik , Jaeggi Susanne M.
Published: June 2019

Older adults (OAs) typically experience memory failures as they age. However, with some exceptions, studies of OAs’ ability to assess their own memory functions—Metamemory (MM)— find little evidence that this function is susceptible to age-related decline. Our study examines OAs’ and young adults’ (YAs) MM performance and strategy use. Groups of YAs (N = 138) and OAs (N = 79) performed a MM task that required participants to place bets on how likely they were to remember words in a list. Our analytical approach includes hierarchical clustering, and we introduce a new measure of MM—the modified Brier—in order to adjust for differences in scale usage between participants. Our data indicate that OAs and YAs differ in the strategies they use to assess their memory and in how well their MM matches with memory performance. However, there was no evidence that the chosen strategies were associated with differences in MM match, indicating that there are multiple strategies that might be effective (i.e. lead to similar match) in this MM task.
Las competencias científicas a partir de la gestión del conocimiento en Instituciones de Educación Superior
Authors: Guzmán Duque Alba Patricia , Oliveros Contreras Diana , Mendoza García Edgar Mauricio
Published: June 2019

La sociedad exige profesionales competentes para desempeñarse en el mundo laboral mediante la gestión del conocimiento. La investigación es descriptiva y determina cómo los estudiantes (N=189) de una IES de Santander (Colombia) perciben el desarrollo de sus competencias científicas en sus procesos educativos como mecanismo para aportar al mundo laboral. Se utilizó el instrumento Hacoin para medir la competencia científica en estudiantes de pregrados y posgrados, y la técnica estadística Anova para evidenciar las diferencias entre grupos considerando el género y la edad de los participantes. Los resultados evidencian la importancia de los procesos de investigación en la formación y el desarrollo de las competencias científicas a partir de la gestión del conocimiento en los procesos de aprendizaje. Se detecta la mejora en las habilidades interpersonales e intrapersonales, la toma de decisiones y la resolución de problemas, y la adquisición de competencias científicas básicas y especializadas para desarrollar el pensamiento crítico como mecanismo de empleabilidad. Se concluye que el proceso de investigación influye directamente en la adquisición de las competencias que demanda el mundo laboral para mejorar el desempeño de los profesionales en su respectiva área de conocimiento y que la gestión del conocimiento es un proceso clave para el desarrollo de las competencias de los profesionales. Palabras clave: competencias científicas, IES, formación para la investigación, mercado laboral, gestión del conocimiento.
Calidad de vida laboral en trabajadores de la salud en países latinoamericanos: meta-análisis
Authors: Caicedo Fandiño Heidy Yuliet
Published: June 2019

Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar el nivel de calidad de vida laboral (CVL) de los trabajadores de la salud en países latinoamericanos. Para ello se realizó un metaanálisis en el que se determinó como principal criterio de búsqueda la aplicación del cuestionario CVT-GOHISALO, a cuyos resultados se les aplicó la prueba de Chi cuadrado para determinar la heterogeneidad y se realizaron gráficos de mosaico para representarla. Igualmente se realizó un escalamiento multidimensional para definir el nivel de similitud entre los estudios. Como resultado, de incluyeron diez estudios con 1024 participantes en su mayoría personal de enfermería de género femenino y que se desempeñan en actividades asistenciales. Se evidenció que la CVL de los trabajadores de la salud de las investigaciones analizadas es predominantemente baja, siendo la dimensión soporte.
Evolución del Reporteo en Sostenibilidad en Latinoamérica bajo los lineamientos del GRI (Global Reporting Initiative)
Authors: Acevedo Tellez Juan Pablo , Piñeros Rafael Alejandro
Published: June 2019

Las guías para diseñar reportes de sostenibilidad establecidas por la GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) buscan generar compromiso en mitigar los impactos negativos de las compañías en las poblaciones, el medio ambiente, la economía, el desempeño social y los derechos humanos. Por ello, las preguntas centrales de esta investigación son: ¿Cómo ha evolucionado el número de reportes bajo el marco GRI en las principales economías de Latinoamérica desde 2010 hasta 2015? y ¿cómo se explica esta evolución? Para responder estas inquietudes se presenta un análisis descriptivo de la cantidad de reportes por año, país, sector y tamaño. Se hace una revisión de literatura, y se consulta la opinión de diferentes actores involucrados en la gestión de la responsabilidad social empresarial. Los hallazgos muestran una tendencia creciente en la actividad de reporteo y presentan las motivaciones detrás de estos esfuerzos.
Estrategias para fortalecer el proceso de gestión del talento humano en una entidad pública
Authors: Romero Parra Leidy Marcela , Salcedo Lara Mireys
Published: June 2019

Coralina es una entidad pública de San Andrés dedicada al medio ambiente, que cuenta con un sistema de gestión de la calidad. Esta entidad tiene un problema de pérdida de capital intelectual que se evidencia en las auditorías internas con el incumplimiento de algunas actividades, lo que afecta la calidad del servicio. En este sentido, la investigación tuvo como objetivo proponer estrategias para el fortalecimiento del proceso de gestión del talento humano en dicho sistema de gestión de calidad. Para ello se realizó una investigación cualitativa y se consideró el análisis de contenido de la información oral y escrita proporcionada por los funcionarios de la corporación. El diagnóstico arrojó como resultado que hacen falta recursos para la buena gestión del talento humano y mayor compromiso, motivación y formación por competencias del personal, y que hay fallas en todos los componentes del proceso. Las estrategias propuestas para superar tales carencias o fallas, con su respectivo plan de acción, se enfocaron en cada uno de esos componentes, para articular el proceso con las normas de calidad relevantes, especialmente la ISO 9004:2009, que se orienta al éxito sostenido de las organizaciones con un enfoque de gestión de la calidad.
Articulación entre la NTC - ISO 9001:2015 y los lineamientos de acreditación de programas del CNA en Unitrópico
Authors: Trujillo Suárez Fernando Augusto , Pedraza Nájar Ximena Lucía
Published: June 2019

El sistema educativo colombiano en las IES (instituciones de educación superior) toma como pilar fundamental la integralidad del individuo para permitirle defender y demandar el respeto a una vida digna, exigir sus derechos y cumplir con sus deberes. Unitrópico proyecta la cultura en las artes, la ciencia, la tecnología y la educación, así como en la vida cotidiana y en la creación popular. Actualmente busca la implementación de un sistema integrado de aseguramiento de la calidad bajo los requisitos de la NTC (Norma Técnica Colombiana) ISO 9001:2015 y la acreditación de programas según los lineamientos del Consejo Nacional de Acreditación. Sin embargo, es evidente la ausencia de procesos y procedimientos orientados al logro de la eficiencia y eficacia institucional. Por esta razón, a través de un paradigma positivista y un método mixto de carácter descriptivo se busca determinar una propuesta metodológica integrada para la institución, que cumpla los requisitos de la referida norma técnica en función de mejorar la eficiencia en la prestación del servicio con la consolidación de la mejora continua en la institución. Se fortalece así la ruta hacia la acreditación institucional con un enfoque en los principios y valores de la calidad.
Modelo de organización comunitaria y desarrollo sostenible en Ixtlán de Juárez, Oaxaca
Authors: Santana Ramos Amisaday , Cruz Cabrera Blasa Celerina , Castillo Leal Maricela , Toledo Lopez Arcelia
Published: June 2019

Las comunidades del estado de Oaxaca han buscado la manera de fortalecer la economía local a través de diversos mecanismos. Dichas acciones han generado una economía a pequeña escala, pero de impacto para las comunidades. Estas, con la participación de los pobladores, han creado un mecanismo de desarrollo denominado organización comunitaria, una unión para administrar los recursos que poseen. Dicho concepto no es muy común y poco se sabe del funcionamiento y desempeño de aquella. Sin embargo, el desarrollo que puede generar es importante para las comunidades porque es sostenible. El objetivo de la investigación fue construir un modelo teórico que identificara los factores que integran a la organización comunitaria y analizar cómo y en qué medida inciden en el desarrollo sostenible de Ixtlán de Juárez. El método de investigación fue mixto. Se aplicaron cuestionarios y entrevistas estructuradas a 64 comuneros. El tipo de investigación fue descriptivo y correlacional. Asimismo, se obtuvo como resultado un modelo de organización comunitaria que realza los factores estratégicos/administrativos, sociopolíticos y de técnica y dinámica interna. Se concluye que la organización comunitaria se rige por un enfoque sistémico, adaptable y con integridad organizacional, gestionado a través de redes de participación de la comunidad.
Evaluación de los procesos financieros con base en el modelo PEF en una Institución de Educación Superior
Authors: Quintana Machado Rossy Esperanza
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo describe los principales aspectos que se tuvieron en cuenta para evaluar los procesos del área financiera de una institución de educación superior y su articulación con el sistema de gestión de la calidad con base en el modelo PEF (prevención, evaluación y fallas). Inicialmente se realizaron reuniones con académicos, como usuarios directos de los procesos, donde se escucharon de manera objetiva los puntos de vista a través de lluvia de ideas. Se culminó con una sugerencia desde la perspectiva de dichos usuarios. Se usó una metodología mixta, que involucró la parte cuantitativa, al valorar las fallas en los procesos, y la cualitativa, al medir el nivel de insatisfacción de los usuarios internos por la demora o el incumplimiento en los diversos procesos que maneja el área. Los principales resultados muestran, después de realizar el análisis de cada uno de los procesos establecidos (planeación matrícula, área de crédito, pagaduría, tesorería y movilidades), una calificación muy baja (crítica) en dos procesos considerados los más sensibles y de urgente intervención: el caso de honorarios/OPS y el de movilidad. Por lo anterior se propone un plan de mejora que permite identificar los beneficios económicos y financieros del sistema de gestión de la calidad, que garantiza la optimización en los procesos.
Mejores prácticas para gestionar el conocimiento según la ISO 30401
Authors: Rodríguez Rojas Yuber Liliana
Published: June 2019

La Organización Internacional de Normalización (ISO, International Organization for Standardization) publicó en noviembre de 2018 la nueva norma técnica internacional ISO 30401, relacionada con los requisitos de los sistemas de gestión de conocimiento. Esta norma tiene como propósito dar soporte a las organizaciones en el desarrollo de sistemas de gestión que promuevan la eficacia y la creación de valor a través del conocimiento para todas las partes interesadas. Allí se define la gestión del conocimiento como una disciplina enfocada en las formas en que las organizaciones crean y usan el conocimiento.
Penerapan Pendekatan Konseling Eksistensial Humanistik untuk Mengurangi Perilaku Hedonis Siswa di SMAN 10 Makassar
Authors: Fitri Qawiyyan , Mahmud Alimuddin , Saman Abdul
Published: June 2019

This research was intended for reducing student hedonic behaved, using experiment type Pre-Experimental Design with research One-Group Pretest-Posttest Designs. Data was collected using questionnares and observation instruments. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis and non parametric inferential statistical analysis. The results of research showed that the hedonist behavior of the students before being given the treatment of existential humanistic counseling approached was in the high category and after being given the treatment of humanistic existential counseling is in the low category, the treatment was be given through three steps namely preliminary step, mid step and termination step with seven times for face-to-face meetings.