bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Method “Earned Value Management” for Timescale Controlling in Construction Projects
Authors: Bovteev Sergei , Petrochenko Marina
Published: January 2015

Article presents an assessment of using “Earned Value Management” method for monitoring the construction projects completion on time. It describes the technique of Earned Value Management for Project Time Management. A specific example analyzes the possibility of using indicators Earned Schedule and Independent Estimate of Completion (time) and represents conditions when this indicators do not give correct results.
Residential Stock Management Based on Input-Output Balance Model
Authors: Guzhva Evgeniya , Drozdova Irina
Published: January 2015

The entities of residential stock management have been determined and a structurally-logical model of entities interaction in the markets of residential and municipal services ensuring economic relations in the process of residential stock management on the basis of demand and services proposition mechanism.The interaction model takes into consideration all the entities concerned, which participate in the residential stock management: individuals, organizations of commercial and non-commercial profile, state government bodies and local self-government authorities. The economical and mathematical model developed on the basis of input-output balance matrix implements economical interactions of the major economic entities through reaching a balance between incomes and expenditures thereof. It has been used as the basis to justify a necessity for growing investments into a residential sphere and redistribution of sources thereof towards increasing a share of private investment, additional sources thereof have been defined. It adds to the principles, formulated Concepts of the long-term social and economic development of the Russian Federation for a period up to 2020.
William Richard Lethaby – Architecture, Mysticism and Myth
Authors: Goryunov Vasiliy , Konjkova Tatjana , Murgul Vera , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

This article deals with the art of a prominent English architect and architectural theorist - William Richard Lethaby. His theoretical outlook on architecture has been considered herein. His fundamental outlook – the book ‘Architecture, Mysticism, and Myth’ - has been analyzed. His innovative outlook, as well as the concept development regarding study of art in the 20th century described in this book, has been highlighted. The Lethaby’s relations with English movements ‘Art and Craft’ and ‘Aesthetic Movement’ have been indicated. Different outlooks on architecture supported by Lethaby and other leading theorists-rationalists in the mid-19th have been also distinguished.
Analysis of the Masonry Structure Calculation with Vertical Ring Beams According to European Standards
Authors: Zejak Danijela , Vatin Nikolay , Murgul Vera
Published: January 2015

Analysis of masonry constructions is done simultaneously by applying the Rules on technical standards for masonry walls (PZZ'81), Regulation on technical standards for the constructions in seismic areas (PIOVS'91) and Eurocodes (EC 6 and EC 8). Eurocode presupposes shear force to be a reliable mechanism form calculating shear wall resistance force, which conflicts to the real behavior of constructions during earthquakes. It is therefore recommended determining the seismic masonry resistance according to the current rules that require verification tensile strain, whose possible exceeding leads to the appearance diagonal wall cracks.
Reconstruction of Apartment in the Meltzer’s Apartment House
Authors: Vasiutina Sofia , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

The article considers the problem of great amount of communal apartments in Saint-Petersburg. There are several types of a settling program. One of the types is considered in this project, when the apartments in the old houses are purchased by people with high incomes who are able to resettle communal apartments. This project considered apartment in the Meltzer’s apartment house. Mainly practical things were developed, like a rational replan of the initial project, a certain amount of rooms with determined purposes, architectural and planning division of the apartment into guest and personal zones. As a result of reconstruction, initial compartment areas are recovered by combining the later created rooms. Long and narrow corridors converted into spacious halls.
Feasibility Study of the Absorption Chiller Integration
Authors: Kolbaya Sofia , Simankina Tatiana , Albrekht Viktor
Published: January 2015

Paper presents feasibility study of the absorption chiller integration. In the search model system of air conditioning uses absorption chiller instead of the standard vapor compression chiller due to the fact of insufficient electrical supply of the building. Calculated payback periods show limits of the effective applying of the absorption chiller.
Economic Efficiency of Automated Individual Heating Substation (IHS)
Authors: Mironov Nikita , Petrosova Daria
Published: January 2015

District heating is widespread in Russia, but to improve the energy efficiency of heat supply current is the transition from district heating to modern individual heating substation (IHS) with automatic regulation of heat - more cost-effective heating system.This article provides a description of the automatic IHS, its advantages over the district heating and calculation of the economy of heat when it is installed. As a result, the calculation result is obtained, proving the feasibility of using such a system.
The Air Consumption Estimation of Convection Heaters with Natural Convection and Water Heat Carrier
Authors: Pukhkal Viktor
Published: January 2015

The knowledge of temperature and air consumption at the output of a convection heater is required to develop an effective system protecting serviced room zones against descending cold air flow near the glassing. The existing method of heat appliances’ study and calculation, which uses an idea of nominal heat flow, does not provide those parameters. The analytic correlation between aerodynamical and thermotechnical characteristics of heat convectors with natural circulation at nominal conditions is established. The experimental estimation of air consumption and local resistance coefficient of „Atoll“ (PKN 309) convection heater is carried out. The obtained dependencies allow calculating temperature and air consumption at convection heater output by the existing method of heat appliances’ calculation using nominal heat flow.
One-Sludge Denitri-Nitrification System Application in Reconstruction of Biological Treatment Stations in Russian Federation
Authors: Gogina Elena , Ruzhitskaya Olga
Published: January 2015

The paper presents the main problems and their solutions in the reconstruction of treatment facilities in the Russian Federation. The paper presents the results of research aimed the use of the stable system, which is based on nitrification activated sludge appliance, when the sludge contains bacteria-heterotrophic-nitrificators.
Development of Energy-Saving Measures for the Multi-Story Apartment Buildings
Authors: Vatin Nikolay , Nemova Darya , Ibraeva Yulia , Tarasevskii Philipp
Published: January 2015

The paper presents a structural analysis of the energy consumption of multi-story residential building, obtained based on analysis of the actual data flow and heat consumption, energy audits and data for assessing the state of the energy efficiency of residential buildings. The paper suggests techniques for improving energy efficiency. With the settlement proposed in the article shows the need and economic feasibility of the implementation of organizational and technical measures to improve the energy efficiency of residential buildings.
Study of Operation of Power-Generating Devices of Gaseous Fuels Combustion
Authors: Sinitsyn Anton A.
Published: January 2015

The paper identifies the relevance of research on the effectiveness of fire-technical processes in energy devices (boilers, furnaces and internal combustion engines, etc.) in order to optimize them and improve their reliability. The survey revealed the closeness of calculation methods for such devices. The development of engineering methodology of design and verification calculations is necessary for the further development of vibration combustion machines production industry. The author identifies the main problems of formation of calculating methodology for energy devices operating on the basis of vibration combustion. To determine the frequency of the impulse response of these devices the author proposes a mathematical model and the description of the process of the thermodynamic fluctuations in the combustion chamber, allowing to determine the reliability and efficiency of these devices for different purposes based on the principle of self-oscillating combustion of fuel at the design stage.
Renewable Sources in Passive SIP-House
Authors: Bekbayev Amangeldi , Khidolda Yerkin , Zveryev Andrei , Skendirova Lyailya , Kassymbekova Aizhan
Published: January 2015

This paper suggests methods of using of alternative sources of energy for SIP-houses building in conditions of Kazakhstan. The model of "Polygon for the use of renewable energy” was developed. This model demonstrates possibilities of transforming wind and solar energy into electric and heating energy.
Rating Energy Efficiency and Sustainability of Buildings by International Standards
Authors: Vatin Nikolai , Nemova Darya , Nabiullina Dinara , Ovdienko Alexandr
Published: January 2015

The aim of this work is to harmonize the international certification of "green" construction. For comparison taken American LEED, DGNB German and Russian RGNB, the first two as well-established, and the latter as emerging. The paper discusses the evaluation criteria, as well as sites that claim to be "green." Revealed significant advantages of this construction at the international level.
Energy Efficient Solutions of Power Supply in North Regions
Authors: Elistratov Victor , Kudryasheva Irina , Pilipets Polina
Published: January 2015

This article contains information about power economic estimation of power complexes creation based on renewable energy located in north regions with decentralized electric supply, where in the main electricity is produced by diesel power plants. Problems of using diesel power plants is measured; investigation of introducing wind-diesel power complexes is shown. Article contains information about power economic estimation, which allows to find out optimized solution to problem of choosing optimized energy and economic parameters of energy complexes.
Energy Efficiency of Single-Family Houses in Serbia and Montenegro: Strategy for Upgrading the Performance of Existing Stock
Authors: Kosanović Saja , Komatina Dragan , Nikčević Radovan , Murgul Vera , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

Significant percent of population both in Serbia and Montenegro live in single-family houses. Although marked as inefficient by overall impact towards the environment, the type will, according to the expectations for coming period, continue the development. Energy efficiency of new houses is embodied in national regulations; proves on adequate energy performance represent the prerequisite for construction permit obtaining. Achieving energy efficiency in existing single-family residential stock, on the other hand, is more complex and problematic. By reviewing existing legal framework and taking into account the state on field, this paper aims to propose new methodology for energy performance improvement in existing single-family residential sector in two countries. Proposed problem solution is oriented both towards the additional legal actions and deeper understanding of social and economic impacts as barriers to energy efficiency achievement.
Energy-Plus House for the Climatic Conditions of Macedonia
Authors: Cvetkovska Meri , Murgul Vera , Aronova Ekaterina , Vatin Nikolay , Shvarts Maxim
Published: January 2015

In this paper the Energy-plus house project, functioning under the climate conditions of Macedonia, was presented. On the basis of previous studies carried out for a single-family house, the concept of a fully non-volatile home using solar photovoltaic modules for the operation of the electrical equipment was designed according to "Passive house". The estimates of solar resources of the territory, defined energy input of solar radiation on differently oriented surfaces and selected the optimum tilt angle of PV modules to the horizon were presented for this article. It is shown that the solar modules generated enough electricity to meet the needs of the considered house. At the same time in the summer there is surplus electricity. The calculations presented in this paper were based on the methods of thermodynamics, using MKS EN and DIN standards, the program packages PHPP 2007, as well as the algorithm developed for calculating the amount of solar radiation on differently oriented surfaces.
Impact of Thermal Insulation and Type of Windows on Energy Demand of Buildings with Passive House Standard
Authors: Knezevic Milos , Cvetkovska Meri , Trpevski Strahinja , Andreev Andrej , Trombeva Gavriloska Ana , Lazarevska Marijana
Published: January 2015

The building orientation and the thickness of the thermal isolation of the building envelope are one of the factors affecting the achievement of the Passive House standard. Other important factors are the windows. For the windows the three basic parameters that influence the achievement of the Passive House standard are: the size of the windows in facade elements, the type of the glass and the type of the window frames. Analysis based on variations of all these parameters give a clear picture of the impact of each of these parameters as well as of their combination on the energy needs of the Passive House. The calculations presented in this paper were based on the methods of thermodynamics, using MKS EN and DIN standards, and the program packages PHPP 2007, HEAT2 and NOVOLIT
The Study of Humidity Conditions of the Outer Walls of a “Passive House” for the Climatic Conditions of Serbia, City Nis
Authors: Pukhkal Viktor , Murgul Vera , Kondić Slaviša , Živković Milica , Tanić Milan , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

Existing European energy efficiency standards impose high requirements on yearly consumption of heat energy in buildings and on heat-protective qualities of cladding. One of the options of energy efficient buildings is the “passive house” with low energy consumption. As shown in this article, designs of “passive houses” have not always considered the requirements for preventing condensation in the cladding. Humidity conditions of the cladding of the “passive house” in the city Niš have been analyzed. It was found that for designing a heating system in the outer wall, with a specified outdoor air temperature, formation of condensation exists. To eliminate condensation we conceived vapor barrier layer technology from the inner surface of outer wall. Humidity conditions in the assembly of the vapor barrier layer have been calculated
Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings: Optimal Cost of Minimum Energy Requirements
Authors: Sinđić Grebović Radmila , Zolotova Yulija
Published: January 2015

Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD, 2010/31/EU) requires Member States to introduce minimum energy performance requirements for buildings, and set these requirements based on a cost-optimal methodology. This methodology introduces the prerequisite to consider the global lifetime costs of buildings to shape their future energy performance requirements. Methodology predicts that, beside the investment costs, the operational, maintenance, disposal and energy saving costs of buildings should be taken into account.This paper discusses the use methodology related to nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (nZEB) requirements.
Laboratory Experiments on the Measurement of the Greenhouse Gases Concentration at the Water-Air Interface by Using a Floating Gas Box Method
Authors: Potapov Stepan , Potapov Ivan , Meshalkina Marina , Molodtsov Dmitry V.
Published: January 2015

Nowadays the problem of greenhouse gases emission going in the Earth's atmosphere is closely connected with greenhouse effect development. Natural sources of the gases are the main reason of that. They are exactly hydroelectric reservoirs of hydroelectric power plants because the process of methane and carbon dioxide emission moved by the decomposition of the bottom organic substances is still not learned at all. Our main goal is to simulate this process in the laboratory for conducting further experiments at the hydroelectric reservoirs. The floating gas box method is the key point of all the experiment. It allows us to calculate the concentration of the gases emitted in the above-water part of the gas box and determine what kind of equipment we should take to measure the same parameter of the gases at the the hydroelectric reservoirs. If the experiment at the the hydroelectric reservoir goes right and the laboratory results correspond to the original results it will be possible to use the data for other hydroelectric reservoirs with some corrections and specify the information about total greenhouse gases emission in the atmosphere.
Model Calculation of Energy Carriers Expenses on the Basis of Biogas in System Reformer - Fuel Cell for Autonomous Power Supply Systems
Authors: Zhazhkov Vyacheslav V. , Zubkova Marina Yu. , Maslikov Vladimir I. , Molodtsov Dmitry V. , Chusov Alexander N. , Semenenko Diana V.
Published: January 2015

This paper presents the results of experiments and calculations of the energy expenses in tandem system reformer - fuel cell on hydrogenous fuel derived from biogas. Possibility of electricity generation based on complex use of organic and hydrogenous fuel at creation of objects of distributive systems of power supply will approach energy sources to the consumer, having increased energy-economic indicators and efficiency of fuel use. A promising direction in the creation of autonomous power supply systems in low-rise residential development is the use of fuel cells running on hydrogenous fuel derived from biogas Expenses of hydrogen fuel to operate the power installation with a predetermined capacity comparable with the required amount of hydrogen obtained by electrolysis. The calculated value of the efficiency of the system reformer - fuel cell, based on data on the required quantity of biogas and methane, as well as numerical characteristics of workflows fuel system, equal to 38.4%, confirms the relatively high efficiency of the use of hydrogenous fuel for the tasks of autonomous power supply. Usage of relatively low-cost hydrogen-containing fuel obtained from biogas from local secondary renewable resources will contribute to the creation of autonomous economic systems of power supply.
An Update Procedure of Basic Education Programmes in St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Authors: Chernenkaya Ludmila , Krolenko Olga , Petrochenko Marina , Strelets Ksenia
Published: January 2015

Updating of basic education programmes – is the one of the quality areas assurance of higher education in Russia. Described testing methodology update the basic education programmes based on the experience of Civil Engineering Institute in St. Petersburg state Polytechnic University.
Comprehensive Settlement of the Gravitational Drilling Platform on the Seismic Action
Authors: Thien Luu Ba , Korovkin Vladimir
Published: January 2015

A comprehensive settlement on the seismic impact of the gravitational platform, which in two settlement schemes consistently takes into account the vertical and horizontal impact. The first (quasi-static) takes into account the vertical oscillations of buildings, taking into account the added mass on the assumption that the construction zone near the epicenter. This foundation is regarded as a beam lying on the ground, a variable stiffness of the foundation soil in view of plastic deformation. The second design scheme allows for horizontal seismic effects in the assumption that the epicenter is removed from the structure. To account for the seismic load from vibrations Colon dynamic spectral method is used as an expansion of the resulting seismic vibrations in a row on the main forms of oscillations.
The Brickwork Joints Effect on the Thermotechnical Uniformity of the Exterior Walls from Gas-Concrete Blocks
Authors: Gorshkov Alexander S. , Vatin Nikolai , Nemova Darya , Tarasova Darya
Published: January 2015

In the article the brickwork joints effect on the thermotechnical uniformity parameters of the walls of gas-concrete blocks are considered. The additional thermal energy losses through joint masonry are calculated.The recommendations to reduce the brickwork joints effect on thermotechnical uniformity of external enclosure structures are offered.
Local Data Flow Principles in Porosity of Materials
Authors: Stamatovic Biljana , Korsun Artem
Published: January 2015

We propose a new algorithm for counting closed pores in porous materials. Closed pore can be defined as isolated object of arbitrary shapes in rectangular domains or binary images. The algorithm is based on two cellular automata (CA). First CA saves 2 or more connectivity of image while the second CA is Leviald’s CA that count 1-connected parts after transformations of the initial image. The CA algorithm was implemented on a parallel computer. Computational performances are evaluated and measured on real cases. The obtained results indicate that the proposed approach achieves comparable complexity as standard approaches; however, the number of processing nodes does not limit the speedup and scalability of the proposed algorithm.
Destruction of Monuments' Materials by Organic Acids – Micromycetes Metabolites
Authors: Shlychkova Darita , Starsev Sergey , Vlasov Dmitriy
Published: January 2015

The article describes the results of an experiment, that was conducted in the Biological Institute laboratory of Staint-Petersburg State University in Peterhof. The purpose of the experiment was to study the destruction processes of lime plaster and lime masonry mortar samples under the action of different organic acids, which are metabolic products of fungi.
Influence of Plasticizing and Siliceous Additives on the Strength Characteristics of Concrete
Authors: Akimov Luka , Ilenko Nikita , Mizharev Roman , Cherkashin Artemiy , Vatin Nikolai , Chumadova Ludmila
Published: January 2015

In this article the effect of plasticizing and siliceous additives on the fluidity of the concrete mix and strength of concrete is investigated. Additives: superplasticizer S-3, fused microsilica FMS-85, hyperplasticizer PENTAFLOW AC 2, and a mixture of hyperplasticizer and microsilica CM 02-10 (10% MS and 0.2% HP)​​. In this paper presented results of tests of samples aged 3, 7 and 28 days.
Effect of Modifying Admixtures on the Cement System Hydration Kinetics
Authors: Adamtsevich Aleksey , Pustovgar Andrey
Published: January 2015

Presented are the results of the research on the impact of such factors as temperature conditions and cement phase composition on the effectiveness of hardening accelerators for concrete and other cement systems. The evaluation of the modifying elements effect has been performed by using the isothermal calorimetry method. This research revealed the selectivity of the admixtures impact when used together with different cement brands, as well as the possibility of increase setting time for cement systems in lower temperature conditions with the addition of Lithium carbonate based accelerator.
Determination of the Critical Duration of the First Heating of Heavy Concrete by the Criterion of the Maximum Strength Reduction
Authors: Korsun Volodymyr I. , Korsun Artem , Mashtaler Sergey
Published: January 2015

The article introduces the results of the experimental research of the duration of the first heating of concrete at temperatures of +90° and +150°C causing the maximum reduction of its strength during the subsequent axial compression.
Influence of High-Porous Filling Materials and Mineral Fiber on Thermal and Fire Resistant Properties of Aerated Composites
Authors: Pukharenko Yury , Tikhonov Yury
Published: January 2015

Compounds were developed and properties studied of the composites on gypsum binding agent and light filling materials, exfoliated vermiculate and perlite providing high fire resistance to mortars on their base. The conducted selection of compounds with the use of a number of non-flammable fiber additives (fiberglass, chrysotile asbestos fiber) showed that the compounds with fiberglass additives had the biggest design quality ratio. The degree of influence of high-speed mortar mixture mixing on its properties was determined. Mixing speed increase up to 600 rpm allowed increasing of the design quality ratio for composites in average by 7-10%. Positive influence of fine-dispersed mineral additives (Cambrian loam, liquid perlite) on increase of retained strength of fire-resistant composites and screens after high-temperature tests was detected. Behaviour of fragments of fire-resistant screens on the basis of developed composites depending on their thickness and composition was studied at test unit providing temperature increase up to 1100°С within 180 minutes.
Novice Methodology in Preserving Prestressed Cables by Injection of a Special Gel
Authors: Aranđelović Bojan , Veg Aleksandar , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

The most popular grout solutions are based on the application of cement-based materials. They are most frequently being used for grouting of prestressing tendons. Besides, there are some kinds of grease or wax having a good flexibility of the coat layer, while providing adjustability of prestressing force inside strands. Main objective of the paper is to explore the conditions and review other relevant aspects in applying injection gel for covering the prestressing tendons.
Prestressed Cladding Elements for Tensioned Structures
Authors: Serdjuks Dmitrijs , Rocens Karlis , Pakrastinsh Leonids , Vatin Nikolai , Goremikins Vadims
Published: January 2015

Two types of prestressed cladding elements for the long span cable roofs were investigated. The first considered type of prestressed cladding element was pneumatic and formed by the generally woven by the basket weave fabric from the Vectra (LCP) yarns, which is covered by the PoliTetraFluoroEthylene (PTFE) copolymer foil, and compliant contour, consisting from the several glued together layers of the mentioned covered fabric. The second considered type of prestressed cladding element was formed by the steel cables steel pipes and the same type of covered fabric as the first type. Rational from the point of view of materials consumption heights and levels of prestressing for two considered types of cladding elements were evaluated.
Correct Formulation of the Stability Problem for Timoshenko Beam
Authors: Lalin Vladimir , Kushova Daria
Published: January 2015

This article is about the nonlinear problems of the theory of elastic Cosserat – Timoshenko’s rods in the material (Lagrangian) description with energy conjugated vectors of forces, moments and strains. The variational formulations of static problems was given. The differential equations of the plane stability problems were obtained from the second variation of the Lagrangian functional. The exact solutions of the stability problems for basic types of the end fixities of the rod were obtained for the Timoshenko’s rod (taking into account only bending and shear stiffness). It appears that classical well-known equilibrium stability functional and stability equations for the Timoshenko’s rod are incorrect. Also well-known Engesser formula (with bending and shear stiffness) is incorrect. The numerical solution of the stability problems for hinged Timoshenko’s rod with rigid support was obtained. Also, simplified formula for this problem was derived using asymptotic analysis.
The Initial Boundary-Value Problem for a Mathematical Model for Granular Medium
Authors: Lalin Vladimir , Zdanchuk Elizaveta
Published: January 2015

In this work we consider a mathematical model for granular medium. Here we claim that Reduced Cosserat continuum is a suitable model to describe granular materials. Reduced Cosserat Continuum is an elastic medium, where all translations and rotations are independent. Moreover a force stress tensor is asymmetric and a couple stress tensor is equal to zero. Here we establish the variational (weak) form of an initial boundary-value problem for the reduced Cosserat continuum. We calculate the variation of corresponding Hamiltonian to obtain motion differential equation.
Elasto-Plastic Stability Analysis of the Frame Structures Using the Tangent Modulus Approach
Authors: Ćorić Stanko , Brčić Stanko , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

This paper presents the procedure for stability analysis of frames in elastic-plastic domain using the concept of the tangent modulus. When the buckling of structure occurs in plastic domain, it is necessary to replace the constant modulus of elasticity E with the tangent modulus Et. Tangent modulus is stress dependent function and takes into account the changes of the member stiffness in the inelastic range. Formulation of the corresponding stiffness matrices is based upon the solution of the equation of bending of the beam according to the second order theory. Numerical analysis was performed using the code ALIN, developed in the C++ programming language
The Algorithm of Solving the Problem of Large Elastic-Plastic Deformation by FEM
Authors: Sultanov Lenar , Davydov Ruslan
Published: January 2015

The paper is devoted to development and numerical implementation for a numerical method for investigation of stress-strain state of the solids with large elastic-plastic deformations. Calculation algorithm is based on the linearized equation of virtual work, defined to actual state. The arc-length method is used. A spatial discretization is based on the finite element method. The developed algorithm of investigation of large elastic-plastic deformations is tested on the solution of the necking of circular bar problem and a conical shell subjecting to a constant ring load.
Complex Testing and Rehabilitation Measures of the Bridges (Example of Road Bridge Across the South Morava, Serbia)
Authors: Savić Adrijana , Vatin Nikolay , Murgul Vera
Published: January 2015

This article describes the process of examining bridges. AB road bridge, founded on the columns by the Karpoš system and damaged due to erosive action of the river, is given as an example. The first tests of the bridge are conducted​​ on the impact load of V 300, because of the appearance of longitudinal cracks. The results of the columns testing are presented in this paper, as well as the rehabilitation measures thus increasing the load capacity of the column.
Preparation, Installation and Signal Processing of Strain Gauges in Bridge Load Testing
Authors: Kamnik Rok , Kovačič Boštjan , Štrukelj Andrej , Vatin Nikolay , Murgul Vera
Published: January 2015

Practical approach of strain gauges using is introduced. The use of strain gauges and signal processing of measured data at static experimental load testing of a concrete beam are carried out. The ability of the strain gauge sensor to pick up the specific deformation / strain signals during loading is investigated. The Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) is applied to obtain the signal in frequency domain and reverse FFT to transform the processed signal back to time domain. The measurements are confirmed with some inductive transducers and total station. This approach is tested on 2.7 m long concrete beam in laboratory. A practical use of strain gauges with bridge constructions under complex inspection is described.
Comparison of Rate-Dependent Ferroelectroelastic Phenomenological Models for Prediction of PZT Creep
Authors: Semenov Artem S. , Lobanov Sviatoslav
Published: January 2015

The time-dependent effects of piezoceramic material under the constant electric field are analyzed. The new rate-dependent ferroelectroelastic phenomenological model is proposed and compared with known models and experimental data.
Analysis of Track Gauge Widening in Curves with Small Radius
Authors: Popović Zdenka , Lazerević Luka , Vatin Nikolay
Published: January 2015

In this paper it was performed curve negotiation analysis of three axle bogie of locomotive type JŽ 461. This locomotive has large distance between first and middle i.e. middle and last axle, which leads to increased lateral forces during curve negotiation. Final result might be widening of track gauge in curves with small radius. This paper points that Infrastructure Manager must take into account vehicle performances and type of track when defines track gauge in curves.
“Knowledge-Based Economics” in the Innovative Development of the Construction Sphere
Authors: Tokunova Galina , Petrov Alexander
Published: January 2015

The increased role of knowledge in the economics, the growth of the role of education and innovations caused the necessity to revise the role of the basic subjects in the market (the government, business structures, universities) and mechanisms of their interaction. The primary importance is now being shifted towards such subjects of innovations as resource centers, innovative businesses, technological platforms, the clusters capable of exerting efficient influence upon the innovations process, which, in its turn, improves the competitive ability of particular spheres of business and entire national economics. This process also influenced the construction industry. The purpose of this research is to analyze the manifestation of the phenomenon of the knowledge-based economics in the construction sphere. The tasks of this research: firstly, to highlight the evolution of the scientific discipline “knowledge-based economics”; secondly, to analyze the efficiency of the phenomenon on the example of the USA, the EC and Russia; thirdly, to analyze the innovative process in the construction sphere; fourthly, to highlight the role of various institutional structures (resource centers, innovative businesses, technological platforms, clusters) for innovative activity in the construction sphere.
Review of Research Progresses in Unsteady Aerodynamic Model
Authors: Liu Xu , Liu Wei , Zhao Yun Fei
Published: January 2015

Based on the analysis of the flight stability, the research progress of the unsteady aerodynamic model was comprehensively introduced. Bryan, first of all, the aerodynamic load of traditional dynamic derivative model is put forward, still used today in some engineering issues. However, Bryan state parameters of the model is not complete, not exactly reflect the unsteady aerodynamic force time history effect and nonlinear effect. Etkin models, by retaining the item of high order Taylor expansion, including the influence of nonlinear effect. Improved Etkin model can explain the actual flight of some of the common transient response, including due to stall the mutation and aerodynamic force/torque caused by unsteady flow dynamic bifurcation and chaos of the aerodynamic force/torque value and uncertain phenomenon. Finally, the unsteady flow field of a reduced order model development trends and application prospect were analyzed, and pointing out that the CFD simulation is still accurately predict the plane stability and handling the most important method.
Simulation Analysis and Experiment Research on Vehicle Interior Adaptive Active Noise Control System
Authors: Jiang Ji Guang , Zeng Yue
Published: January 2015

In the MATLAB/Simulink environment through the simulation analysis, has determined the NFXLMS algorithm of the filter order and the convergence factor control parameters in the vehicle adaptive active noise control system used; adaptive active interior noise control system was constructed in a light bus, the tested vehicle engine was conducted noise cancellation control when its work in 1080rpm and 2400rpm; the results show that, the overall amount of noise reduction of driver's right ear position respectively 9.7dB (Lin) and 8.9dB (Lin).
A New Steering-by-Wire System Driving by Electric Wheels
Authors: Zhang Ping Xia , Gao Li , Zhu Yong Qiang
Published: January 2015

For electric power steering is weak and can not be used in heavy vehicles. In order to solve this problem, according to the characteristic that the driving torque of left and right steering wheel can be independently controlled in electric wheel driving vehicle, a new non-trapezium-steering system has been proposed based on electric wheel driving and powering in this paper. This system makes use of the steering torque around the kingpin from electric wheel driving, and is controlled by steering constraint mechanism. Steering system force analysis was conducted to analyze the feasibility of the system in theory. On this basis, a small prototype vehicle was designed. With the use of Bluetooth wireless serial chip and STC12c5a60s2 microcontrollers, the steering-by-wire system lower computer was developed. With the LabView software, the upper computer system was developed in notebook computer. With these two systems, the steering system can conduct data acquisition and control. To verify the performance of the system, the steering angle step input test while vehicle is stationary, the steering angle step input test at low running speed were carried out respectively on the prototype vehicle. Results of steering wheel turning angle and wheel rotation rate show that non-trapezium steering-by-wire electric wheel driving power system can complete steering operation in a variety of conditions, and after removing steering trapezium, each wheel can be separately controlled for steering, and easy to implement multi-mode steering.
Failure Investigation of the Disc Harrow Profiles and Redesigning by CATIA Analysis
Authors: Irsel Gürkan , Altinbalik Tahir , Can Yilmaz
Published: January 2015

This article covers an applied study on the computer-aided engineering analysis of the damage occurring in the disc bearing profiles of a disc harrow used in the agricultural sector and redesigning the existing structure.The damage to the machine had occurred in the form of deformation of the plastic structure in the disk-bearing profiles. In order to examine the damage, to collect information on the stress values causing the damage and to re-arrange the damaged design, system construction was modeled with CATIA and structural stress analysis was performed. Results of finite element stress analysis revealed weak regions of the construction under the variable dynamic loading, and the strength with inadequate and improper distribution was determined. Design goals aiming to improve present design were defined in order to prevent the occurrence of damage, and a design meeting these objectives was obtained. The existing system profiles and links were re-arranged in accordance with this design. Then, an experimental analysis consisting of 250 hours of operation was also performed with these new arrangements. No damage occurrence was observed in the new design, so the validity of the design was confirmed.
The Research of Improved Abnormal ECG Cluster Analysis Algorithm
Authors: Yao Cheng , Xu Hai Feng , Piao De Hui , Cheng Yan Wei , Li He Jia , Tan Yu Bin
Published: January 2015

In order to solve the problem of ECG being complex, and the problem of abnormal ECG signal analysis standards being not uniform, this paper analyzes Lin Zetao’s clustering algorithm research achievements in the classification of abnormal heart rate. According to the characteristics of the clustering algorithm which is suitable for dealing with the rare data and the large amounts of data, this paper makes the analysis of the method of setting parameters in key process of the application of the clustering algorithm. This paper proposes an accurate clustering algorithm (LCFCM) about abnormal ECG which combines logical judgment, cluster analysis and fuzzy clustering together. Based on the algorithm design requirements, this algorithm perfects the logical judgment criteria and the key technologies of the ECG waveform vector extraction method. Ultimately, the MIT-BIH database is used as the sample to make experiment. The experiment shows that, this paper proposes LCFCM algorithm, whose accurate rate toward the classification of the abnormal heart rate reaches 93%. And at the same time, the good self-adaptive algorithm on different individuals ECG, has good practical value.
Surface-Crosslinked Guar Gum-g-Sodium Polyacrylate Superabsorbents: Swelling Characteristics and Mechanics Performance
Authors: Xiong Yun , Zhang Xu , Liu Ming Zhu
Published: January 2015

Guar gum grafted sodium polyacrylate have been prepared via aqueous solution graft polymerization. Furthermore, the polymers were then surface-crosslinked using trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (TMPTGE) to improve the properties of swollen hydrogel. Polymerization conditions were systematically optimized to achieve the optimum swelling capacity. FTIR and DSC spectra confirmed that sodium acrylate had been grafted onto guar gum chains. SEM observations showed morphology of the samples. The results confirmed that introducing guar gum into the superabsorbent could improve the swollen hydrogel mechanics performance, including hydrogel strength, resilience and dispersion, although making the water absorbency decreasing slightly. The good mechanics performance will make it feasible in hygiene application.
Review the Research Trends and Application in Car Body of Aluminum Foam
Authors: Ma Cong Cheng , Lan Feng Chong
Published: January 2015

Aluminum foam has been widely used in aviation and spaceflight, ships, cars, transportation, construction, petrochemicals, telecommunications, etc. For decades, scholars have done a lot of research work. Mature and stable production preparation process of aluminum foams has been possessed. At present, the practical application design and production has becomes a hot issue. Based on analysis a flood of literature, aluminum foams owned mechanical properties and application, property evolution after filling thin wall tube; all were inductive research and reviewed in the paper. Moreover, material structure design factor, experimental comparisons, application in the automobile industry, development situation, as well forecasted its market prospect, all this were summarized. Suggestions on aluminum foam applications in the automotive industry had been proposed. Consequently, promote the process of the research efforts on the application of aluminum foam in the car, provide to designer and research worker with reference.
An Image Anti-Forgery Algorithm Based on Conceal Zone Special Halftoning
Authors: Zhou Xiao , Shi Rui Zhi , Li Da , An Jing , Sheng Chao
Published: January 2015

Based on analysis of current situation, this paper develops a new anti-forgery algorithm based on conceal zone special halftoning, which realizes image anti-forgery in printing process. It brings forward the algorithm thought, and then sets up two halftoning models of template and threshold matrix. By numbering and extracting the manuscript pixels, it realizes the exact dividing of conceal zone and common zone through scan line filling algorithm. Then the method of generating halftone image by using the two halftoning models is studied. An experiment is performed to study the interior dot structure of the halftone image and its character. The experiment testifies that this algorithm can implant special shape dots different from traditional dot shapes in special zones of one image or multiple images, in which the anti-forgery is realized by observing the special zone’s dots.
Research on the Character and Line Quality Evaluation Model Based on Human Visual System
Authors: Li Cong , Yi Yao Hua , Su Hai , Chen Cong Mei
Published: January 2015

The ISO13660 standards made the objective evaluation of the characters and lines quick and simple, but the objective quality evaluation would make the objective attributes values of the characters and lines different from the quality evaluation based on HVS. Therefore the characters and lines quality evaluation model based on human visual system is proposed in this study. Firstly, to establish the subjective evaluation system and determine primary attributes that affected by the HVS. Secondly, it establishes the objective evaluation system based on ISO13660 standards. Finally, the linear regression model between the objective evaluation system and the subjective evaluation system is then established, and to evaluate the rationality of the linear regression model. The experimental results show that the quality evaluation model can evaluate the quality of characters and lines objectively and in accordance with the HVS.
A Novel Digital Watermark Algorithm Based on a Fingerprint Image
Authors: Yang Xiao Hui , Cui Xin Chun , Cao Zhen Liang , Hu Zi Qiang
Published: January 2015

A fingerprint-based digital watermark algorithm for image processing is proposed. Firstly, the watermark is done the scrambling by the Arnold transform. Secondly, the digital watermarking is done the chaos encryption by the Tent chaos sequence. Thirdly, the original image is transformed by the discrete Curvelet transformation. Finally, the watermarking image is embedded into detail scale coefficient matrix of Curvelet transform. The experimental result demonstrated that watermarking extraction’s effect is acceptable. Moreover, severe image attacks such as noise, image crop and JPEG compression and so on are survived by the embedded watermarking.
Hybrid Screening Technology by Error Diffusion Algorithm
Authors: Tian Liang , Zhang Sha Sha
Published: January 2015

As the traditional AM and FM screening are of their own shortcomings, hybrid screening has become a mainstream screening methods. According to the principle of hybrid screening, this paper studies the application of different separations hybrid screening methods, on the basis of the AM screening, pattern jitter FM screening and error diffusion theory.
Influences of Local Micro Impurity on Capillary Jet
Authors: Jiang Xiao Shan , Chu Ting Liang
Published: January 2015

In order to prevent the deflecting jet, a hypothetical model of local micro impurity is proposed to investigate the transformation of capillary jet on the deflection angle, jet direction, and local pressure. The changes are revealed as the local impurity lies at the different places of inner orifice wall. The simulation results agree with the experiments that the capillary jet deflects as the impurity lies in the orifice of capillary nozzle, which proves that the hypothetical model of local micro impurity is reasonable. Cleaning measures are taken to eliminate the jet deflection. This work is useful to improve the direction accuracy and the stability of capillary jet for the subsequent inkjet process in complex curved surface printing.
Research on Multi-Color Separation Model Based on Polynomial Regression
Authors: Yang Hui Fang , Yi Yao Hua , Liu Ju Hua , Wang Xiao Ying
Published: January 2015

In order to improve the quality of prints, we usually add additional OG or RGB ink on the basis of the four-color printing ink (CMYK) to increase the printing color gamut. After that, the conventional separation technology is no longer suit for multi-color printing, so the multi-color separation technology is put forward. Currently, the main multi-color separation method is color partition technology. It divided the color space into five or six partitions. Then each partition was subdivided into several cells, and then established the polynomial color separation model for each cell. In this paper, we improved the selection of samples and cell search method. The experimental results showed that the color separation algorithm had high color separation accuracy and stability and could meet the demand of high precision multi-color printing.