bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An overview of uses and effectiveness of intracanal medicaments in endodontics
Authors: Alshargawi Waleed K. , Alibrahim Wesam Y. , Bakkar Majed O. , Almansour Turki F. , Alshanbari Albara M. , Alqarni Hatem A. , Aljally Faisal M. , Algzlan Saleh I. , Jamal Nouran O. , Alqarni Reem S. , Almutarid Hassan H.
Published: January 2025

Intracanal medicaments play a crucial role in endodontics by addressing microbial infections and facilitating the healing of periapical tissues. Their effectiveness lies in their ability to disinfect the root canal system, eliminate biofilms, neutralize bacterial endotoxins, and promote tissue repair. Calcium hydroxide, a widely used traditional medicament, demonstrates strong antimicrobial properties and creates an alkaline environment unfavorable for bacterial survival. However, its limitations against certain resistant pathogens and restricted penetration into dentinal tubules have driven the development of advanced alternatives. Emerging medicaments such as nanoparticle-based formulations and bioglass offer promising solutions by overcoming these limitations. Nanoparticles, with their ability to penetrate complex canal systems, deliver potent antimicrobial effects and enhance disinfection efficiency. Bioglass not only disrupts bacterial activity but also facilitates dentinal remineralization, making it particularly valuable in regenerative procedures. Hydrogels, designed for controlled and sustained drug release, improve the delivery of medicaments into anatomical complexities, enhancing their overall efficacy. Natural products like neem, propolis, and aloe vera are gaining attention for their biocompatibility and antimicrobial capabilities, providing effective alternatives for patients’ sensitive to synthetic agents. These formulations also address concerns about resistance and toxicity associated with conventional options. Advances in delivery systems, including sonic and ultrasonic activation, further amplify the efficacy of both traditional and emerging medicaments. Comparative analyses of these approaches highlight the advantages of integrating innovative technologies with proven methods, enabling clinicians to address complex infections and improve long-term treatment outcomes. The evolving landscape of intracanal medicaments continues to push the boundaries of what can be achieved in endodontics, promising enhanced patient care through effective disinfection and tissue healing.
Assessing the effectiveness of vaccination strategies against respiratory pathogens⁠
Authors: Abdullah Marwah Y. , Alanazi Faisal M. , Gandurah Saad F. , Altufayif Dhiyaa A. , Alghamdi Abdulrahman M. , Halawani Olfa A. , Almudarhem Fatimah F. , Al-Otaibe Raghad I. , Allathiqani Osama M. , Alasmari Amani A.
Published: January 2025

Vaccination has been an effective method in preventing many childhood-related infections and reducing the risk of infections in adults. Between the mid-1960s and 2015, vaccination has been successful in saving more than 10 million lives. Respiratory pathogens have been a main target for vaccination over decades. Many vaccines were developed against respiratory pathogens such as influenza. virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Vaccination against respiratory pathogens faces new challenges every year due to different reasons. The following databases were used in systematic research: Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus. Summaries of the found studies were exported by EndNote X8, and duplicate studies were removed. Inclusion criteria were any study. Despite the proven effectiveness of various vaccines against respiratory pathogens, several challenges persist in this field. These include the waning of vaccine-induced immunity, prompting the need of developing vaccines that provide long-lasting protection; vaccination harmful side effects; and the emergence of new subtypes are examples of these challenges. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, clinical trials are underway to develop more effective vaccines against a range of pathogens. However, greater large-scale efforts are needed, particularly in low-income countries, to enhance global public health outcomes.
Hypoglycemia awareness and its clinical implications in insulin-treated patients⁠
Authors: Abdullah Marwah Y. , Yatimi Aldana M. , Aljamaan Mohammed B. , Amoudi Zaki T. , Alrefai Nouf M. , Bamajboor Afnan S. , Lashet Zahra A. , Alsulami Amani A. , Aljohani Ammar S. , Alraddad Shahad H.
Published: January 2025

Hypoglycemia is a significant complication of diabetes treatment. If left untreated, serious complications may occur. Mild hypoglycemia occurs in approximately 30% to 40% of those with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes. Overall prevalence of severe hypoglycemia in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes is 0.28 episodes per patient per year. Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) is a possible complication of recurrent hypoglycemia episodes. Many prior studies have examined the prevalence of IAH in patients with type 1 diabetes, while there is limited data on the prevalence of IAH in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes. The following databases were used in systematic research: Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus. Summaries of the found studies were exported by EndNoteX8, and duplicate studies were removed. Various mechanisms have been proposed in recent studies, such as the brain glucose transport hypothesis and the brain glycogen supercompensation hypothesis. It is important to assess the risk factors of IAH to avoid its significant complications. To successfully assess the risk factors, three methods of measuring are being used: Clarke, Gold, and Pedersen Bjergaard methods. The aim of this review is to discuss the prevalence, mechanisms, measurement, and clinical implications of IAH in insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients.
Use of sacral neuromodulation in the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome
Authors: Khalid Azzuz Shahirah , Alosfur Ziyad Abdulrahman , Alshammari Abdulrahman Yousef , Alsukaybi Rakan Hamoud , Alfuhaid Khalid Salamah , Alanazi Abdulmajeed Mazi , Alshammari Abdulaziz Naif , Al-Ghassab Ali Ahmed , Alenezi Nayef Khaled , Alrehili Khalid Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is a prevalent condition characterized by urinary urgency, frequency, and incontinence, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life. Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) has emerged as an effective treatment, particularly for individuals unresponsive to conventional therapies. SNM operates by modulating sacral nerve activity to restore normal bladder function, offering both symptom relief and enhanced quality of life. Recent clinical studies demonstrate its long-term efficacy, with sustained improvements in urgency and frequency, and high patient satisfaction rates. Mechanisms underlying SNM involve the modulation of peripheral and central nervous pathways, normalizing overactive detrusor activity and rebalancing excitatory and inhibitory neural signals. Advances in device technology, including rechargeable systems and adaptive stimulation, have further optimized its clinical utility. Minimally invasive techniques and improved electrode designs have enhanced the safety and accessibility of SNM, reducing complications and recovery times. Emerging applications of SNM extend beyond OAB, showing potential in managing neurogenic bladder, fecal incontinence, and chronic pelvic pain. Integration with digital health technologies allows for remote monitoring and personalized adjustments, improving patient outcomes and adherence. Future directions include exploring combined therapies, expanding indications, and leveraging machine learning for tailored neuromodulation. As innovations continue to refine SNM, its role in treating complex pelvic disorders is set to expand, offering a durable, effective solution for patients with refractory conditions. This evolution highlights SNM’s transformative potential in both urological and multidisciplinary care.
Surgical site infection prevention: best practices and new approaches
Authors: Abdullah Almottowa Hisham , Mahzary Othman Mohammed , Barnawi Zainab Omar , AlFalah Danah Ahmad , Albloushi Fatmah Mousa , Alluhaybi Amjad MohammedSaad , Aljumaah Abdulrahman Abdulaziz , Alotaibi Khalid Turkey , AlMutair Anas Hamoud , Alharbi Mazen Abdullah
Published: January 2025

Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a significant challenge in surgical care, posing a substantial threat to postoperative morbidity and mortality. There are many risk factors that can cause SSIs, encompassing patient-related factors and healthcare team practices. The risk factors for SSIs include advanced age, diabetes, smoking, obesity, distant site infections, elevated biomarkers, low HDL levels, opioid addiction, immunosuppressive drug use, higher ASA grade, comorbidities, prolonged preoperative hospitalization, and antibiotic resistance. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative precautions have all been used as part of comprehensive preventative efforts to reduce the incidence of SSIs. Furthermore, emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, have demonstrated potential in enhancing SSI detection and prevention, offering promising advancements to further optimize surgical outcomes. This review aims to explore the current evidence, risk factors, and emerging strategies in SSI prevention. By understanding the multifactorial nature of SSIs and implementing comprehensive preventive measures, healthcare providers can significantly mitigate the burden of these infections, ultimately improving patient outcomes and the overall quality of surgical care.
Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress in the development of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Thabit Alnahdi Ahmed , Almujalli Lama Abdulaziz , Alhawsawi Sahar Yousef , Gomawi Raneem Abdurabu , Alhobera Abdullah Hazza , Alshammari Khawlah Fares , Alshammari Mazin Talal , Almuallim Hisham Muhammedeed , Mubaraki Gehan Khalid , Shourbaji Mansour Adel
Published: January 2025

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of preventable blindness, is primarily caused by chronic hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. This review examines molecular mechanisms by which hyperglycemia-induced oxidative damage transmits into retinal tissue. We summarize the major pathways: polyol activation, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), protein kinase C (PKC) dysregulation, and hexosamine pathway. Oxidative stress leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis of retinal endothelium and pigment epithelium and activation of cytokines, as well as overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These processes together cause vascular leakage, macular edema and pathological angiogenesis. Trials of oxidative stress therapies (e.g. antioxidants, PKC inhibitors e.g., ruboxistaurin, and anti-VEGF agents e.g., ranibizumab, bevacizumab, aflibercept) as well as mitochondria targeted therapies are considered potential therapeutic approaches to improve DR prognosis. Further studies on DR pathophysiology and treatment are recommended to develop effective interventions for this vision threatening condition. Better prevention and management of DR requires early intervention and biomarker-based approaches.
Renal implications of systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis and treatment
Authors: Taju Khalid G. , Albusaiteeni Aysha S. , Allakhmi Fatima S. , Alawainati Fatema A. , Alsaie Maryam R. , Alabdali Otouf N. , Alanazi Abdullah K. , Alenezi Abdullah M. , Alrowithi Raghad A. , Alkhatlan Abdullah M. , Osman Igbal E.
Published: January 2025

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality. Its pathogenesis involves complex interactions between immune dysregulation, genetic susceptibility, and environmental factors, resulting in immune complex deposition and subsequent renal inflammation. Advances in understanding these mechanisms have highlighted the role of B cells, cytokines, and the complement system in disease progression. Current therapeutic strategies rely on immunosuppressants such as glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide, and mycophenolate mofetil, which have proven effective in managing renal inflammation but carry risks of significant adverse effects. Biologic agents targeting B cells and complement components, including belimumab and eculizumab, have demonstrated promise in improving outcomes and reducing disease activity in refractory cases. The discovery of novel biomarkers is transforming the diagnosis and management of LN. Urinary markers like MCP-1 and complement activation products offer non-invasive tools for monitoring disease activity and predicting relapses. Molecular studies have identified microRNAs and genetic variants as potential indicators of disease susceptibility and therapeutic response. Advances in metabolomics and proteomics have revealed metabolic and protein profiles unique to LN, offering insights into disease mechanisms and new targets for intervention. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence are revolutionizing the analysis of complex biomarker data, enabling personalized treatment approaches. These advances highlight the importance of integrating multidisciplinary research efforts to optimize patient care. While challenges remain, including the heterogeneity of LN and disparities in access to care, ongoing research is paving the way for improved therapeutic options and outcomes. Precision medicine, driven by biomarker discovery and innovative therapies, holds the potential to transform the landscape of LN management, offering hope for better renal preservation and quality of life for affected individuals.
Selection of induction agents for safe and effective rapid sequence intubation⁠
Authors: Amin Aljefri Ahmed , Alqurashi Abdulrahman S. , Alshahrani Mubarak F. , Alshahrani Saeed N. , Allehaimeed Ibrahim S. , Alotaibi Mohammed A. , Alarifi Sitah T. , Aljohani Ahmed A. , Khoj Haitham A. , Samman Hasan M. , Kaki Waleed K.
Published: January 2025

Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is a critical procedure in emergency airway management, requiring rapid induction of unconsciousness and muscle relaxation to facilitate safe intubation. The choice of induction agent plays a pivotal role in optimizing outcomes, as each agent exhibits unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Etomidate is frequently chosen for its hemodynamic stability, making it suitable for critically ill patients; however, concerns regarding adrenal suppression warrant caution in septic or prolonged critical illness cases. Ketamine is particularly advantageous in patients with reactive airway diseases or hypotension, owing to its bronchodilatory effects and ability to preserve respiratory drive, although its psychotomimetic side effects must be managed carefully. Propofol, characterized by its rapid onset and short duration, provides excellent intubating conditions but may cause significant hypotension, limiting its use in hemodynamically unstable patients. Thiopental, once widely used, is now less favored due to cardiovascular depression and prolonged recovery times. Patient-specific factors, including age, comorbidities, and clinical status, heavily influence agent selection. Pediatric and geriatric populations pose unique challenges, necessitating dose adjustments and close monitoring. Emerging agents like dexmedetomidine offer novel benefits such as sedation with preserved respiratory function, though slower onset limits its utility in emergency settings. The complexity of decision-making underscores the importance of understanding the nuances of each agent’s efficacy and safety. Despite advancements in pharmacological options, limitations in evidence, variability in patient responses, and resource constraints highlight the need for individualized approaches and adaptable guidelines. Further research is essential to bridge gaps in knowledge and establish standardized practices to enhance safety and effectiveness in RSI across diverse clinical scenarios.
Treatment outcomes and quality of life among patients with chronic pain in a referral hospital in Ethiopia
Authors: Walie Abiyol B. , Yifru Yared M. , Kedir Hanan M. , Nasir Beshir B.
Published: January 2025

Background: Chronic pain is a pervasive and complex public health issue that profoundly impacts the quality of life (QoL), mental health, and daily activities. Defined as pain lasting beyond three to six months, it arises from diverse causes, including injuries, medical conditions, and psychological factors. Patients with chronic pain often experience poor QoL. In Ethiopia, the burden is compounded by limited healthcare infrastructure, socioeconomic challenges, and cultural attitudes toward pain management. This study aimed to assess treatment outcomes and QoL among patients with chronic pain attending the Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) neurology clinic.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at TASH, using the SF-12 questionnaire to assess QoL through patient interviews and clinical data collected from medical records. All patients meeting inclusion criteria and attending the clinic for chronic pain management between March and May 2023 were included.
Results: Of the 200 patients included, 64.5% were female, and chronic low back pain was the most common diagnosis (33.5%). Amitriptyline, prescribed for 39.5% of participants, was the most frequently used medication. Despite treatment, 59.5% of patients reported uncontrolled pain, adversely affecting their physical and emotional well-being.
Conclusions: Although treatment led to some improvement, the majority of patients continued to experience uncontrolled pain, significantly impairing their QoL. These findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced pain management strategies in Ethiopia.
Real world efficacy of omalizumab in reducing surgical intervention for nasal polyps in Samter’s triad
Authors: Rehan Rooma , Asad Muhammad , Osama Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The advancements in the field of medicine, particularly in the field of drug application, has told us that Omalizumab has a significant impact on the management of nasal polyps, especially in the context of Samter’s triad. Our letter highlights the role of omalizumab in reducing the surgical interventions for nasal polyps which has been a longstanding challenge in the population in the past.
On misconceptions in modern logic
Authors:   Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Kulik B.A.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the inconsistency of three "indisputable" principles in modern logic: the inconsistency of the concept of "set," the absolute necessity of axioms in logic, and the infallibility of syllogistic reasoning. To address the first misconception, the authors propose incorporating the algebra of sets into the foundations of logic, following the approach outlined in R. Courant and G. Robbins' book What is Mathematics? The second misconception is addressed by deriving known laws of algebra of sets, corresponding to classical logic, through the enumeration method. The third misconception is resolved by developing a mathematical model of polysyllogistic reasoning based on the laws of algebra of sets. The novelty of this proposed reasoning model lies in introducing restrictions alongside premises, with any violation of these restrictions signaling errors in reasoning. This model enhances the analytical capabilities of logical analysis, enabling the detection of errors in traditional syllogistic reasoning, including instances where some correct inferences are classified as "incorrect" modes. Furthermore, new laws of algebra of sets are formulated and justified: the law of paradox, the condition of non-empty intersection, and the law of existence.
Information extraction from texts based on ontology and large language models
Authors:   A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Sidorova E.A. , Ivanov A.I. ,   Novosibirsk State University (NSU), Novosibirsk, Russia, Ovchinnikova K.A. ,   Novosibirsk State University (NSU), Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: January 2025

The article examines the extraction of information from texts using the ontology of a subject area combined with neu-ral network-based text analysis methods, including the use of large language models. It discusses the expert's role in developing and maintaining systems, illustrated through the task of extracting information from analytical articles and constructing ontologies in computational linguistics to represent key concepts relevant to the system's user or customer. The process of ontology creation is accompanied by the development of a dictionary that forms the ontology's termi-nological core, followed by methods for extracting new terms within the specified subject area. This task is considered as a named entity recognition problem, traditionally addressed by training a neural network model on a representative dataset. The study compares this approach with a methodology leveraging large language models. For this, lexical and syntactic patterns, as well as instruction patterns for hypothesis testing regarding new term-phrases and result verifica-tion, were developed. The developed instructions for solving the problem of relation extraction also include the auto-mated generation of natural language competency assessment questions for each ontology relation. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the integration of ontological, linguistic and neural network approaches to extract infor-mation from texts. The study demonstrates the possibility of solving tasks of text analysis and information extraction problems through a chain of large language models, with dynamically generated instructions based on the outcomes of prior analysis stages. The following F1-measure scores were achieved in the experiments: F1=0.8 for term extraction and classification and F1=0.87 for relation extraction.
Mathematical modeling of non-stationary heat transfer in selective laser melting based on machine learning
Authors:   Samara University (Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Korolev), Samara, Russia, Kishov E.A.
Published: January 2025

The article considers numerical modeling of thermal processes in 3D printing using selective laser melting technology based on machine learning. A mathematical model of non-stationary heat transfer in a rod with a variable cross sec-tion is developed as a partial differential equation describing the rod's temperature. An algorithm for numerically solv-ing this equation is proposed, implemented using the Matlab system. It is shown that, for certain initial conditions, the temperature distribution becomes quasi-stationary, and for this case, a simple analytical expression for the temperature field is obtained. A neural network is constructed and trained using the TensorFlow library, with training data obtained from the analytical solution of the thermal problem. The neural network's calculation results align with the solutions of the original mathematical model. The article highlights that three-dimensional modeling of the printing process for real-world products demands substantial computational resources. It is shown that machine learning-based models can effectively approximate the temperature field in 3D printing with selective laser melting technology for components of similar geometry.
Analysis of patient reviews using machine learning and linguistic methods
Authors:   Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia, Kalabikhina I.E. , Moshkin V.S. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia, Kolotusha A.V. ,   Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia, Kashin M.I. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia, Klimenko G.A. ,   Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia, Kazbekova Z.G. ,   Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

With the advancement of digitalization, traditional methods of surveying consumers to assess their satisfaction with service quality are being replaced by approaches based on the automatic processing of text data from social media. This study aims to determine the degree of patient satisfaction with the quality of medical services by developing and testing an algorithm for classifying Russian-language text reviews collected from social media platforms. The focus is on analyzing the sentiment (positive/negative) of patient reviews about medical institutions and doctors, as well as identifying the review's subject—either the quality of medical services provided or the organization of patient care by the institution. A method was developed for classifying text reviews about the work of medical institutions posted by patients on two Russian doctor review platforms. Approximately 60,000 reviews were analyzed. Machine learning techniques, including various artificial neural network architectures, were tested. The classification algorithm demon-strated high efficiency, with the best performance achieved using a recurrent neural network architecture (accuracy = 0.9271). Incorporating named entity recognition into text analysis further enhanced the classification efficiency across all neural network-based classifiers. To improve classification quality, the study highlights the need for semantic seg-mentation of reviews by their subject and sentiment, followed by the separate analysis of these fragments.
Therapeutic Effects of Nanochelating-Based Copper Nanoparticles on Burn Wound Healing in Mouse Model
Authors: Rezvan Hossein , Zolhavarieh Seyed Masoud , Nourian Alireza , Bayat Elham , Kalanaky Somayeh , Fakharzadeh Saideh , Hafizi Maryam , Nazaran Mohammad Hassan , Hamoonnavard Sahar
Published: January 2025

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of Nanochelating-based copper to accelerate the wound healing process and prevent infection in burn wounds.
Methods: Six to eight-week- old female BALB/c mice were burned with a 1 cm2 heated copper plate on the left flank and then divided into four treatment groups, treated with C8 (nanochelating-based CuNPs), cold cream (supplementary materials) as a control drug, Silver Sulfadiazine and no treatment, respectively. Skin tissue samples were taken from the mice on days 0, 3, 8, 15 and 24. One piece was fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for pathological examination and the others were stored at -80°C until used for pro-inflammatory and growth factor gene expression.
Results: The healing process in the group treated with 10 mg/ml C8 was significantly faster, and the survival rate of the mice in this group was significantly higher than in the other groups. The pro-inflammatory genes were expressed and down-regulated earlier in the C8 treated mice. Histopathology confirmed the higher cure rate in the group treated with 10 mg/ml C8 compared to other control groups.
Conclusion: C8 has beneficial effects on the healing of burn wounds and the effective dose of this compound should be further investigated. The present study demonstrates the anti-inflammatory properties of nano-chelate-based copper particles' on mouse skin burns. This research opens up new possibilities in dermatology and burn therapy and highlights the potential of copper-based formulations in the treatment of burn injuries
Interactive Effects of Dichlorvos, Dimethoate, And Cypermethrin On Growth and Oxidative Homeostasis in Maize (Zea Mays)
Authors: Oyeyemi Adeyemi , Uloaku Nwagbo Cynthia
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the effects of dichlorvos, dimethoate, and cypermethrin, individually and in combinations, on maize (Zea mays) growth and physiology. Maize seeds were grown in pesticide-treated soil, and growth parameters, oxidative stress markers, and enzymatic activities were evaluated. Growth was significantly inhibited by pesticide exposure, with Group H (triple pesticide combination) showing the most severe reduction in plant height (48% lower) and stem girth (40% lower) compared to the control (p < 0.05). Biochemical assays revealed significant declines in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities across all tissues, indicating compromised oxidative stress defenses. For instance, CAT activity in roots decreased by 65% in Group H compared to the control (p < 0.05). Concurrently, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, a marker of lipid peroxidation, increased significantly, with Group H showing a 75% rise in leaves relative to the control (p < 0.05). Relative water content (RWC) also decreased substantially, with Group H recording the lowest hydration levels (37% reduction, p < 0.05). These findings suggest synergistic or cumulative toxicity from combined pesticide exposure, with the most pronounced effects observed in triple pesticide treatments. Statistical analyses (ANOVA, Tukey's test) confirmed significant differences across groups (p < 0.05), reinforcing the reliability of the results. This study highlights the adverse impacts of pesticide combinations on maize growth and physiological stability, emphasizing the need for sustainable pest management strategies, such as integrated pest management (IPM), to mitigate the ecological and agricultural risks of pesticide use.
ANALISIS EARNED VALUE TERHADAP BIAYA DAN WAKTU GEDUNG DIREKTORAT POLITEKNIK PU SEMARANG DENGAN PRIMAVERA P6
Authors: Eka Nugraha Noel , Sri Handayani Fajar , Setiono Setiono
Published: January 2025

Semarang PU Politeknik Building Construction Project is the construction of an educational building area developed in collaboration between PT Wika Gedung and PT Yodya Karya with a construction management consultant contract value of 3.9 billion and an executing contractor contract value of 281 billion. In this research, a research method with a quantitative descriptive approach was taken. This means that in this project, the condition of the project is described based on the analysis of the data obtained from the project. The data is then processed using descriptive and analytical methods. The Earned Value or EV concept method studies comparing the value of the work completed against the budget provided to carry out the work. The result of this research is to analyze using the Primavera P6 program whether the project is running at an appropriate cost and a schedule that does not deviate from the contract. The results of the analysis obtained for the implementation of the weekly analysis of the Earned Value indicator value obtained is positive which means that in the entire week of analysis, the project runs faster and more economically. The EAC and ETC values obtained are smaller than the contract cost, indicating that the project is planned to be completed at a smaller cost. The deviation value obtained is at an average of 0.08% with the smallest deviation being 0.0794% so the project will experience a profit of 8% on the completion date.
Relación entre el estado nutricional y rendimiento académico en escolares de 12 y 13 años de instituciones educativas públicas de La Molina, Lima-Perú, 2024
Authors:   , Jochamowitz Mendoza Karin , Torres Tejada Lorena Milagros
Published: January 2025

Introducción: En Perú, el inadecuado estado nutricional en adolescentes es un problema de salud pública. La desnutrición y la deficiencia de micronutrientes afectan negativamente el rendimiento académico, ya que deterioran la cognición y el aprendizaje, mientras que el sobrepeso impacta la función cerebral y la salud general, reduciendo así la capacidad intelectual y física de los estudiantes. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre estado nutricional y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de 12 y 13 años de instituciones educativas públicas del distrito de La Molina. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio analítico, observacional y transversal con enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra incluyó 272 estudiantes. Se valoró el estado nutricional mediante el IMC para la edad y la talla para la edad, y el rendimiento académico mediante el registro de las calificaciones académicas bimestrales. Los datos se analizaron usando la prueba de Chi2 de continuidad para evaluar la significancia estadística (p<0.05). Resultados: En el estudio, el 71,32% de los estudiantes tenía 12 años, con igual distribución de sexo y mayoría residiendo cerca de La Molina. El 94,49% presentó talla normal y el 53,31% IMC normal. Se encontró significancia estadística entre el rendimiento académico y el sexo, y la presencia de ambos padres en el hogar, pero no entre estado nutricional y rendimiento académico. Conclusión: El estado nutricional no influye en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de IE públicas de La Molina.
Impacto de la cuarentena durante la pandemia de covid-19 en las muertes violentas no accidentales de niños y adolescentes en Perú: Un análisis retrospectivo
Authors:   , Amado Barrios Jose Alfredo
Published: January 2025

Objetivos. Determinar el impacto de la cuarentena durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en las muertes violentas no accidentales (MVNA) de niños y adolescentes en Perú. Material y Método. Estudio observacional y retrospectivo que analizó los datos del Sistema Informático Nacional de Defunciones (SINADEF). Se incluyeron registros de muertes violentas no accidentales (homicidios y suicidios) de niños y adolescentes menores de 18 años ocurridas entre 2019 y 2021. Se utilizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo y pruebas inferenciales, como la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis y Chi-Cuadrado, para evaluar las diferencias en las tasas de MVNA antes, durante y después de la cuarentena. Resultados. Se incluyeron un total de 490 casos en el estudio. Las tasas de MVNA aumentaron significativamente durante la cuarentena, especialmente en suicidios entre adolescentes femeninas. Las disparidades geográficas fueron significativas, con regiones urbanas como Lima presentando las tasas más altas de homicidios y suicidios. Las diferencias según sexo mostraron que los adolescentes masculinos registraron más homicidios, mientras que las adolescentes femeninas tuvieron un mayor incremento en suicidios. Estos hallazgos subrayan el impacto de la cuarentena en la salud mental y la seguridad de los niños y adolescentes. Conclusiones. Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren que la cuarentena por COVID-19 tuvo un impacto negativo significativo en las tasas de muertes violentas no accidentales de niños y adolescentes en Perú, destacando la necesidad de políticas públicas dirigidas a la prevención y apoyo psicológico para esta población vulnerable en futuras crisis.
Tensión compresiva en dientes rehabilitados con Endocrown y Build Up. Un análisis de elementos finitos
Authors:   , Bardales Espinoza Katherinne Alexandra , Mora Ipince Anderson Raul
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: La rehabilitación de dientes con tratamiento de conductos con severa destrucción coronal es un tema discutible por la odontología mínimamente invasiva debido a la mayor susceptibilidad de fractura. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la tensión compresiva en dientes rehabilitados con Endocrown (ECW) y Build up (BUP) con corona mediante un análisis de elementos finitos (MEF). Métodos: El estudio fue experimental in silico a través del MEF. La muestra fue la segunda molar inferior con tratamiento de endodoncia (SMC). Los grupos se distribuyeron en dos tratamientos rehabilitadores con: 1. ECW de nanocerámica de resina (grupo control) y 2. BUP de resina core con corona de nanocerámica de resina (grupo experimental). Las características mecánicas de ambos grupos serán, el módulo de elasticidad y coeficiente de Poisson. Se aplicó una fuerza axial de 900N a lo largo del eje del diente y una fuerza oblicua de 900N con una dirección de 45° hacia las cúspides vestibulares tanto para la corona como para la endocrown. Todo ello se ejecutó en el sistema SOLIDWORKS® Versión 2017 con mallado integro ensamblado donde se usó la escala de Von Mises para comparar los resultados. Resultados: Mayores tensiones se observaron en el grupo ECW, tanto en fuerzas axiales como fuerzas oblicuas, comparándolo con el grupo BUP. Conclusiones: Las tensiones encontradas en el grupo de ECW otorgó una mayor posibilidad de fractura, además se halló una mayor diferencia significativa de tensiones en fuerzas axiales comparando ambos grupos.
Efecto antibacteriano y antifúngico del aceite esencial ozonizado de sacha inchi, hidróxido de calcio y la combinación de ambos frente al Enterococcus faecalis y Candida albicans. Estudio in vitro
Authors:   , LLaque Bardales Maria Isabel
Published: January 2025

El desafío más grande en el tratamiento de conductos es la eliminación de los microorganismos; por lo que se busca continuamente nuevas técnicas para alcanzar éxito en el tratamiento. Se determinó el efecto antibacteriano y antifúngico del aceite esencial ozonizado de sacha inchi, hidróxido de calcio en pasta y la combinación de ambas; se utilizó el método de difusión en agar, siendo el medio de cultivo para los Enterococcus faecalis infusión cerebro corazón y para la Candida albicans agar sabouraud, para determinar el efecto antibacteriano y antifúngico se midieron y se registraron los halos de inhibición que se formaron alrededor de los pocillos que contenían los medicamentos a las 24 horas y 48 horas. Obteniendo como resultado que el efecto antibacteriano y antifúngico del aceite ozonizado es mayor a las 6 horas proporcional a la mayor concentración de peróxido. El presente estudio mostró el efecto antibacterial del aceite ozonizado de sacha inchi que es superior frente al hidróxido de calcio y la combinación de ambas sustancias.
Exploring Hydrological and Environmental Transformations by Tank Structures in Odisha Using Sentinel-2 Data
Authors: Sethi Ranu Rani , Dandapat Asit Kumar , Sarab A Ramakrushna , Sarangi Arjamadutta , Panda Dileep K. , Mohanty Sheelabhadra
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the environmental and hydrological impacts of groundwater recharge structures constructed under the Green Climate Fund (GCF) project between 2018 and 2024 in drought-prone regions of Odisha, India. The research focuses on ten districts—Kalahandi, Keonjhar, Nabarangpur, Rayagada, Sambalpur, Subarnapur, Boudh, and Balangir—characterized by water scarcity and deteriorating vegetation health. Multi-temporal Sentinel-2 satellite imagery was analyzed using indices such as MNDWI, NDII, NDMI, PWI, WBI, and WRI to assess changes in vegetation cover, soil moisture, and water body extent before (2018) and after (2024) the interventions. The results demonstrate significant environmental improvements in districts with targeted water conservation efforts. Kalahandi achieved a notable reduction in low moisture content (95.93–63.30%) and a sharp increase in water-saturated vegetation (1.84–69.91%), reflecting successful recharge structures. Keonjhar showed improvements in vegetation cover (11.82–48.15%) and high-water content (1.06–10.29%), while Boudh exhibited exceptional growth, with water bodies increasing from 13.37–67.65% and high vegetation rising from 18.99–72.78%. Balangir’s severe drought areas decreased from 45.22–19.37%, showcasing the effectiveness of localized water management. Rayagada recorded modest increases in water bodies (19.48–22.43%) but a decline in heavy vegetation (16.53–4.71%). Sambalpur demonstrated substantial progress in moisture retention, with high moisture content rising from 1.11–46.77%. These findings highlight the critical role of afforestation, sustainable agriculture, and targeted water conservation in improving ecological conditions. However, districts impacted by industrial activities require focused interventions to achieve balanced and sustainable environmental development.
Dirençli Kentler: Mekânsal Planlama ve Ulaşım
Authors: Maltaş Erol Arzu
Published: January 2025

Günümüzde kentler, artan nüfus ve yapılaşma yoğunlukları gibi nedenlerle pek çok krizle karşı karşıya kalmakta ve bu nedenle savunmasız hale gelmektedir. Özellikle afetler, kentler için büyük tehdit oluşturmakta ve kentsel sistemlerin kesintiye uğramasına sebep olarak ciddi zarar ve kayıplara yol açmaktadır. Bu savunmasızlıkların çözüm yollarından biri, son zamanlarda oldukça dikkat çekmeye başlayan dirençlilik kavramıdır. Dirençlilik, en genel anlamda, bir sistemin olumsuz etkilerden hızlı bir şekilde toparlanabilme kapasitesini ifade etmektedir. Dirençli kent ise kentsel sistemlerin krizler karşısında dayanabilme gücüne sahip olması ve sistemini hızlı bir şekilde eski haline getirerek sürdürülebilirliğini sağlayabilmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Dolayısıyla, afete dirençli kentler afet öncesinde, sırasında ve sonrasında etkin müdahalelerde bulunabilecek kapasiteye sahiptir. 1990'lı yıllardan itibaren kent literatürüne kazandırılan bu kavram, afetlerin etkilerini en aza indirme amacıyla afete dirençli mekânsal planlamayı ön plana çıkarmıştır. Bu süreçte, afetlerin kentler üzerindeki yıkıcı etkilerini azaltmada ulaşım sistemlerinin büyük bir öneme sahip olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Afetlerin ulaşım ağları, sistemleri ve hizmetleri üzerindeki etkileri düşünüldüğünde, afete dirençli kent planlaması ve ulaşım planlaması sadece afet anını değil, olası bir afet öncesi hazırlık süreçlerini de kapsamaktadır. Aynı zamanda, afet sonrası toparlanma sürecini de içeren bu planlamalar, insanların güvenli tahliyesini ve malzeme teminini destekleyerek, kentlerin daha az hasar görmesi, mobilitenin ve erişilebilirliğin devamlılığı açısından kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışma, kentlerin bu tür krizlere karşı nasıl daha dirençli hale getirilebileceğini incelemekte ve özellikle afet yönetimi ile ulaşım planlamasının kentsel dirençliliğin artırılmasındaki rolünü değerlendirmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında, öncelikle dirençli kent kavramı, kentleri dirençli kılan özellikler ve afetlerin mekânsal planlama üzerindeki etkileri ele alınmış; afete dirençli mekânsal planlamanın kavramsal çerçevesi genel hatlarıyla açıklanmıştır. Ardından, ulaşım planlaması ve önemi tartışılarak, kentsel alanlarda afetlere karşı dirençli bir ulaşım sistemi oluşturmak için kullanılabilecek stratejiler değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda ise dirençli kentlerde ulaşım planlamasının afetlere karşı dayanıklılığı artırmak ve toplum güvenliğini sağlamak için önemli bir faktör olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
MUSLE Yöntemi Kullanılarak Selin Sebep Olduğu Toprak Erozyonunun Tahmin Edilmesi: İğneada (Kırklareli) Seli Örneği (5.9.2023)
Authors: Özşahin Emre , Öztürk Mikayil
Published: January 2025

Türkiye’nin Trakya Yarımadasındaki Istranca Yöresinin Karadeniz aklanındaki akarsu havzalarında aşırı şiddetli yağışlara bağlı olarak 5.9.2023 tarihinde katastrofik bir sel gerçekleşmiştir. Şiddetli toprak erozyonuna sebep olan bu sel, akarsularda biriktirmenin arttığı alt havzadaki vadi tabanına yakın alanlarda ağır bir sediment birikimine yol açmıştır. Resmi kayıtlara göre selin etkisi en fazla Değirmen Deresi havzasında hissedilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Değirmen Deresi havzasında 5.9.2023 tarihinde meydana gelmiş selin sebep olduğu toprak erozyonunun tahmin edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Böylece dramatik sonuçları olan bu problemin hem potansiyel konumu hem de şiddeti hakkında fikir vermesi bakımından önemli bilgiler elde edilmiştir. Selin sebep olduğu toprak kaybının hesaplanması ve erozyon risk haritalarının oluşturulması için MUSLE modeli tercih edilmiştir. Model, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) temelli ArcGIS toprak erozyon aracı kullanılarak uygulanmıştır. Sonuçta Değirmen Deresi havzasındaki selin sebep olduğu toprak erozyonunun daha çok eğim ve yağış artışının belirgin olduğu üst havzadaki akarsu vadilerinde, etkisinin ise akarsularda biriktirmenin arttığı alt havzadaki vadi tabanına yakın alanlarda olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Model sonuçlarına göre selin yaşandığı tarihte 195,78 ton/gün miktarda sedimentin geldiği tahmin edilmiştir. Bu sonuç sellerin sebep olduğu toprak erozyonunun yaşanmış bir olay ölçeğinde modellenmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışmanın sonuçları, sellerin sebep olduğu toprak erozyonu riskinin gerçek nedenlerini ele almaya yönelik bölgesel politikalar geliştirmek için kullanılabilir.
A Comparative Spatiotemporal Analysis for Long-Term Trends of Hydrometeorological Variables in Maritsa River Basin
Authors: Korkmaz Mehmet Seren , Merkür Kevser , Sunan Ertuğrul
Published: January 2025

Revealing long-term trends in hydrometeorological variables plays a critical role in the sustainable management and planning of water resources. These analyses are necessary to understand climate change impacts, taking precautions for natural disasters, plan agricultural activities, and develop water management strategies. The aim of this study is to examine the changes in monthly and annual total precipitation and evapotranspiration values in the Maritsa River Basin, a transboundary water basin between Bulgaria, Greece, and Türkiye. For this, precipitation values for the 1982-2023 water years were taken from the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) data set, and evapotranspiration values for the 1982-2023 water years were taken from the European Reanalysis 5th Generation-Land (ERA5-Land) data set. The Mann-Kendall, Sen's slope estimator, and Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) methods were used to determine trends. According to the test results, there is a statistically significant increase in annual total precipitation values within the 95% confidence interval and in annual total evapotranspiration values within the 99% confidence interval. Specifically with all three methods positive and statistically significant trends are observed in precipitation in October, January, May and June. In the monthly evapotranspiration trend analysis, a statistically significant increase is observed except for November, December, June and July. Trend increases were visualized using the graphical method ITA. Significant increasing trends in both monthly and annual precipitation and evapotranspiration reveal changes in the hydrological cycle of the basin. The test results can be used in planning and solving problems related to the basin area.
İstanbul Asya Yakası’nda DMA Tabanlı Fizikî Su Kayıpları Yönetimi ve Altyapı Sızıntı Endeksi Analizi
Authors: Koşucu Mehmet Melih
Published: January 2025

Fizikî su kayıpları, genellikle su dağıtım şebekelerinde boru kırıkları ile boru bağlantı noktalarındaki ve depolama tesislerindeki sızıntılar nedeniyle ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu kayıpların yönetimi, yalnızca altyapının çalışma koşullarını iyileştirmek için değil, aynı zamanda ekonomik, çevresel ve toplumsal faydalar sağlamak için kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, İstanbul Asya Yakası'nda yer alan bir DMA’da (İzole Ölçüm Bölgesi) fizikî su kayıplarının analizi ve yönetiminin nasıl gerçekleştirildiği anlatılmaktadır. Su dağıtım şebekelerinde sıkça görülen fizikî kayıpların azaltılıp yönetilebilmesi için minimum gece debisi (MNF), sızıntı debisi ve Altyapı Sızıntı Endeksi (ILI) analizlerinden yararlanılmıştır. 2023 ve 2024 yıllarına ait SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) verileri kullanılarak elde edilen debi verileriyle, gece saatlerinde vuku bulan minimum debi değerleri analiz edilmiş ve su kayıplarının mertebesi tahmin edilmiştir. Aktif sızıntı kontrolünün (akustik dinleme ve boru onarımı) ardından DMA ortalama giriş basıncının 65 m’den 60 m seviyesine indirilmesi sayesinde, su kaybı oranının % 29.8’den % 18.9’a düşürülmesi sağlanmıştır. Ayrıca, ILI değeri, yapılan iyileştirme çalışmaları ile 8.7’dan 5.6’ya indirilmiştir. Böylece DMA tabanlı su kaybı analizi ve yönetimi vesilesiyle, üzerinde çalışılan su dağıtım sisteminin daha verimli surette işletilebilmesi mümkün olmuştur. Bu çalışma kapsamında, özellikle büyükşehirlerde DMA tabanlı basınç ve debi izleme, aktif sızıntı kontrolü ve basınç yönetimi tekniklerinin sızıntıları azaltmada önemli birer araç olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Ortaya konan bulgular, ülkemizde su kayıplarının azaltılmasına yönelik politikalara katkı sağlayabilecek sürdürülebilir su yönetimi için yol gösterici niteliktedir.