bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Profile and Pharmacogenomics of Anti-Cancer Drugs Used for Targeted Therapy
Authors: Di Francia Raffaele , De Monaco Angela , Saggese Mariangela , Iaccarino Giancarla , Crisci Stefania , Frigeri Ferdinando , De Filippi Rosaria , Berretta Massimiliano , Pinto Antonio
Published: February 2017

Background:

Drugs for targeted therapies are primarily Small Molecules Inhibitors
(SMIs), monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), interfering RNA molecules and microRNA. The use of
these new agents generates a multifaceted step in the pharmacokinetics (PK) of these drugs. Individual
PK variability is often large, and unpredictability observed in the response to the pharmacogenetic
profile of the patient (e.g. cytochome P450 enzyme), patient characteristics such as adherence
to treatment and environmental factors.

Objective:

This review aims to overview the latest anticancer drugs eligible for targeted therapies
and the most recent finding in pharmacogenomics related to toxicity/resistance of either individual
gene polymorphisms or acquired mutation in a cancer cell. In addition, an early outline evaluation of
the genotyping costs and methods has been taken into consideration.

Future Outlook:

To date, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of mAbs and SMIs is not yet supported
by heavy scientific evidence. Extensive effort should be made for targeted therapies to better
define concentration-effect relationships and to perform comparative randomized trials of classic
dosing versus PK-guided adaptive dosing. The detection of individual pharmacogenomics profile
could be the key for the oncologists that will have new resources to make treatment decisions for
their patients in order to maximize the benefit and minimize the toxicity. Based on this purpose, the
clinician should evaluate advantages and limitations, in terms of costs and applicability, of the most
appropriate pharmacological approach to performing a tailored therapy.
New Insight into Progesterone-dependent Signalization
Authors: Kociszewska Karolina , Czekaj Piotr
Published: February 2017

Background:

Various effects of steroid hormone activity cannot easily be explained by the action of classical nuclear receptors and genomic signal transduction pathways. These activities are manifested principally as rapid processes, lasting from seconds to minutes, resulting in changes in ion transduction, calcium intracellular concentration, and level of the second messengers, which cannot be realized through the genomic pathway. Hence, it has been proposed that other kinds of mediators should be involved in steroid-induced processes, namely receptors located on the cell surface. The search for their chemical nature and role is of utmost importance. Current state of knowledge confirms their relation to GPCRs. Moreover, it seems that almost every nuclear receptor specific for steroid hormone family has its membrane-bound equivalent.

Objective:

In this review, we summarize current state of knowledge about nuclear and membrane receptors for progesterone, and describe their potential functions alone, as well as in cooperation with other receptors.

Conclusion:

In the light of common expression, both in species and organs, membrane receptors could play a role that is at least comparable to nuclear receptors. Further exploration of membrane receptor-dependent signaling pathways could give a new insight in the treatment of many endocrine and oncological pathologies.
Association Between Knowledge of Child Development and Parenting: A Systematic Review
Authors: September Shiron Jade , Rich Edna , Roman Nicolette
Published: February 2017

Background:

Parents who understand early child development are better informed on how to respond to children’s needs. They are also in a better position to identify developmental delays as opposed to a parent with less knowledge of child development.

Objective:

The aim of the review was to systematically appraise quantitative studies to establish the association between knowledge of child development and parenting styles.

Methods:

A comprehensive search, through databases namely: Ebscohost (Academic search complete, Africa-Wide information, PsychArticles, SocIndex, Cinahl), JStor, Sciencedirect, Springerlink, Pubmed and Sage was conducted in August 2014 for the previous 12 years. The methodological quality of the studies were independently evaluated and reviewed by two reviewers.

Results:

The findings indicate that there is an association between knowledge of child development and parenting styles. While there is an association it may be more of a moderating factor.

Conclusion:

Future studies may benefit from using other forms of assessment in con-junction with self report assessments.
A Regenerative Braking Control Strategy for EVs Based on Real-Time Dynamic Loading of the Wheels
Authors: Li Ning , Ning Xiaobin , Wang Qiucheng
Published: February 2017

This paper proposes a regenerative braking control strategy based on real-time dynamic loading (RTDL) of wheels. Based on the nonlinear relationship between a spring’s resilience and displacement, this paper establishes 7-degrees of freedom (DOF) full vehicle model with nonlinear suspension. Then, a method based on suspension deformation is devised to calculate the wheels’ dynamic load, and RTDL is used to calculate the braking force of the front and rear wheels. With the braking intensity and the battery state of charge (SOC) as input variables and the desired regenerative braking force as an output variable, we establish a regenerative braking control strategy based on RTDL and simulate it in ADVISOR software. Results show that the designed control strategy effectively improves the regenerative braking energy recovery efficiency by assuring braking stability, and verifies the rationality and feasibility of the proposed control strategy.
Auto-Analysis of Immunohistochemical Findings for Breast Cancer
Authors: Kuraoka Kazuya , Taniyama Kiyomi , Yoshida-Tanaka Miho , Saito Akihisa , Morii Nao , Ozaki Shinji
Published: February 2017

Immunohistochemical (IHC) and molecular findings with their
histopathological diagnosis are critical in the current therapeutic strategy for a breast
cancer patient. These findings require considerable manual human involvement and
interpretations can be subjective. In this study, we examined the usefulness of an autoanalysis
computer system for analysis of IHC findings.

Forty breast-cancer specimens were examined for IHC expressions of estrogen receptor
(ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), HER2, Ki-67 and Topoisomerase II alpha
(TopoIIa). One-hundred-fifty-six cancer specimens were examined for HER2.
Histopathological images of IHC specimens were stored digitally thru virtual
microscopy (Hamamatsu Photonics). A Genie/Aperio software package on a desktop
computer auto-analyzed these images.

For ER and PgR, concordant results were obtained between ocular observation and
auto-analysis (p < 0.001). The Ki-67 index (r = 0.96) and TopoIIa index (r = 0.95) also
showed a significant correlation (p < 0.001). Concordant ratios were 92.9%, 82.2%,

59.5% and 100% for HER2 score 0, 1, 2 and 3, respectively. 24 cases (28.6%) of 84
cases with a HER2 score of 2 by ocular observation were re-analyzed as a score of 3 by auto-analysis. 19 cases (79.2%) of these re-scored cases showed HER2 gene
amplification by FISH analysis.

In sum, well-organized auto-analysis is able to provide objective results. Thus, autoanalysis
might be a means by which to standardize methods for immunohistochemical
detection of breast cancer.
Recurrence Pattern and Long-Term Survival After Two Types of VATS Lobectomy for Clinical T1N0 Lung Cancer
Authors: Yamashita Yoshinori , Harada Hiroaki
Published: February 2017

To provide a less invasive procedure in video-assisted thoracic surgery
(VATS), it is necessary to evaluate two types of VATS approaches in terms of clinical
outcome, especially cancer recurrence.

We conducted a prospective feasibility study of two strictly defined types of VATS
lobectomy by prospective cohort. Based on a patients’ decision after a similar
preoperative explanation, cancer recurrence and long-term-prognosis were evaluated by
comparing among assisted VATS and complete VATS groups.

One-hundred-four consecutive patients with clinical T1N0M0 non-small cell lung
cancer (NSCLC) were analyzed. Twenty-six cases (ASSIST group) chose lobectomy
performed through an anterolateral small thoracotomy with the use of a rib spreader in
combination with a thoracoscopic view and direct view. Seventy-eight cases (PURE
group) chose complete VATS in which only a monitor was used during smaller access
thoracotomy without a rib spreader. Patients in the PURE group exhibited early
recovery from surgery. The recurrence rate was equivalent (both 19.2%). At 2,039 days
of a median follow-up period, the recurrence pattern was also similar between the two
groups; however, two cases (2.6%) of pleural dissemination appeared only in the PURE
group. Specific clinicopathological characteristics were not confirmed in the recurrent
cases. Recurrence-free and overall 5-year survival rates were equivalent between the
two groups.

Both PURE and ASSIST are feasible in terms of cancer recurrence and long-term
prognosis.
Changes in Esophageal Cancer Treatment Over the Past Decade at Our Hospital
Authors: Hatanaka Nobutaka , Ho Moon Jeong
Published: February 2017

An esophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection has been
performed widely in Japan, but multidisciplinary therapy that uses a combination of
radiation therapy and chemotherapy is necessary to improve the prognosis in patients
with advanced esophageal cancer. Several new techniques have contributed to reducing
post-operative complications and we have introduced some techniques into the
treatment of esophageal cancer at our hospital.
How Does Electroconvulsive Therapy Work in the Brain? –Involvement of the Astrocyte-Derived Synaptogenic Factor, Thrombospondin-1-
Authors: Okada-Tsuchioka Mami , Shibasaki Chiyo , Takebayashi Minoru
Published: February 2017

Antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are major therapeutic
strategies for mood disorders. ECT is the most potent treatment for antidepressantresistant
mood disorders; however, the underlying mechanisms of action remain largely
unclear. Therefore, the identification of the molecular and cellular mechanisms affected
by ECT may provide further insight into the pathophysiology of depression and the
development of more effective therapeutic strategies.

Herein, a variety of hypotheses on the pathophysiology of mood disorders and the
mechanism of antidepressive treatments are reviewed, with an emphasis on
synaptogenesis. Our findings suggest that synaptogenesis is involved in the mechanism
of action of ECT, possibly via thrombospondin (TSP)-1, a member of TSP family that
was reported to be secreted by astrocytes to regulate synaptogenesis in the brain.
Topics in Neurology
Authors: Torii Tsuyoshi
Published: February 2017

Over the last decade there have been many advances in neurology. This
article reviews topics in neurology, specifically for stroke and neurodegenerative
diseases. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging provide a powerful tool for
diagnosing stroke and thrombolysis by alteplase and have facilitated a paradigm shift in
the approach to super-acute phase ischemic stroke. Secondary prevention of ischemic
stroke has changed in terms of both anti-platelet therapy and anti-coagulation therapy.
Over the last decade, understanding about the etiology and pathogenesis of many
neurodegenerative diseases has progressed. Recent reports are reviewed here regarding
Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, motor neuron
disease and frontotemoral dementia as they share many common mechanisms involving
aggregation and accumulation of proteins.
Impact of Dose Reduction on the Efficacy of Triple Therapy for Patients Infected with Genotype 1b and High Viral Loads
Authors: Kohno Hiroshi , Kouno Hirotaka , Yamaguchi Toshiki , Yamaguchi Atsushi , Kuwai Toshio
Published: February 2017

To examine the impact of dose reduction on the efficacy of pegylated
interferon (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) plus telaprevir (TVR) triple therapy for
patients infected with genotype 1b and high viral loads.

A total of 51 patients were recruited for this study. Patients were divided into groups
receiving either 2,250 mg of TVR for 12 weeks and 600 – 1,200 mg of RBV for 24
weeks according to body weight (Group 1, N = 39) or 1,500 mg of TVR for 12 weeks
and 400 mg of RBV for 24 weeks (Group 2, N = 13) plus 1.5 μg/Kg (range: 1.3 - 2.0
μg/Kg) of peg-IFN alpha-2b for 24 weeks. Patients of Group 1 were less than 65 years
old or IL28 non T/T and over 65 to less than 70 years old. Patients of Group 2 were
IL28B T/T and over 65 to less than 70 years old or over 70 years old.

Rapid virological response (RVR) rates were 66.7% in Group 1 and 84.2% in Group 2
(NS). Early virological response (RVR) rates were 79.5% in Group 1 and 91.7% in
Group 2 (NS). End of treatment response (ETR) rates were 71.8% in Group 1 and
69.2% in Group 2 (NS). Sustained virological response (SVR) rates were 60.5% in
Group 1 and 69.2% in Group 2 (NS). In multivariate analysis, significant contribution
factors for SVR were IL28B (genotype TT; OR 1.83, P = 0.0032) and platelet counts (<
120,000; OR 2.14, P = 0.0140).

It was concluded that the treatment strategy of dose reduction based on patient
background (age and IL28B SNP polymorphism) was proper in Japanese patients.
Characteristics of Acute Cholangitis and Endoscopic Management of Elderly Patients at Our Institute
Authors: Yamaguchi Atsushi , Yamaguchi Toshiki , Kuwai Toshio , Kouno Hirotaka , Kohno Hiroshi
Published: February 2017

The clinical presentation of acute cholangitis, etiology and complications
from endoscopic early biliary drainage in elderly patients was evaluated.

205 patients with acute cholangitis treated at the Kure Medical Center and Chugoku
Cancer Center were enrolled. Of these, 108 patients were 75 years old or older (elderly)
and 97 patients were younger than 75 years old. Patients’ clinical characteristics,
etiology and severity of cholangitis, and complications of endoscopic early biliary
drainage were compared between the elderly and younger cohorts.

There was a significant difference in severe cholangitis between elderly and younger
patients, at 17.6% and 0%, respectively. There was no significant difference in
complications between elderly and younger patients, and between patients with and
without early biliary drainage. One 91-year old woman with early biliary drainage had
post-ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) aspiration pneumonia
and died.

Acute cholangitis in elderly patients may become severe in degree with a high
incidence. Early ERCP for elderly persons is relatively safe, but it should be done
carefully, not induce a consequent death due to complications such as aspiration
pneumonia.
A Case of Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis Presented with Papilledema
Authors: Ishida Yumi , Kanbara Ryoko
Published: February 2017

This is a case report of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis (SSST), with
bilateral papilledema as the initial manifestation.

A 65-year-old male was referred to us with bilateral decreased vision and recurrent
blackouts associated with postural change. Although his intracranial pressure was
increased, an intracranial space-occupying lesion was not detected by computed
tomography (CT). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a fluid-attenuated inversion
recovery (FLAIR) technique and magnetic resonance venography (MRV) findings
revealed a thrombosed superior sagittal sinus. Anticoagulation therapy with heparin
was started and recurrent blackouts disappeared one month thereafter.
Thoracoabdominal CT examination revealed an infiltrative shadow in the right inferior
lobe of the lungand was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma from biopsy by
bronchoscopy. Bilateral papilledema gradually decreased over an 18-month
observation period after anticoagulation therapy.

MRV was useful in the diagnosis of SSST in this case of bilateral papilledema with
increased intracranial pressure.
Quality Assurance of Immunohistochemistry for Breast Cancers using a Whole-slide Imaging System, Specified Software and Cell Lines
Authors: Yoshida-Tanaka Miho , Sakane Junichi , Kimura Yoshiko , Shitakubo Yoshimi , Kuraoka Kazuya , Taniyama Kiyomi
Published: February 2017

An auto-stainer (AS), whole-slide imaging system (WSI), and computer
software were used as quality assurance tools for breast cancer immunohistochemistry
(IHC).

Cell lines, such as MCF-7 for estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors, and SKBR-
3 for Topo2a, were co-stained with samples as IHC control.

Combinatory usage of AS, WSI, computer software and cell lines can reduce deviation
in each IHC step and is beneficial for IHC quality assurance.
Prognostic Value of Residual Urine Volume, GFR by 24-hour Urine Collection, and eGFR in Patients Receiving Dialysis
Authors: Lee Mi Jung , Park Jung Tak , Park Kyoung Sook , Kwon Young Eun , Oh Hyung Jung , Yoo Tae-Hyun , Kim Yong-Lim , Kim Yon Su , Yang Chul Woo , Kim Nam-Ho , Kang Shin-Wook , Han Seung Hyeok
Published: February 2017

Background and objectives

Residual kidney function can be assessed by simply measuring urine volume, calculating GFR using 24-hour urine collection, or estimating GFR using the proposed equation (eGFR). We aimed to investigate the relative prognostic value of these residual kidney function parameters in patients on dialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Using the database from a nationwide prospective cohort study, we compared differential implications of the residual kidney function indices in 1946 patients on dialysis at 36 dialysis centers in Korea between August 1, 2008 and December 31, 2014. Residual GFR calculated using 24-hour urine collection was determined by an average of renal urea and creatinine clearance on the basis of 24-hour urine collection. eGFR-urea, creatinine and eGFR β
2-microglobulin were calculated from the equations using serum urea and creatinine and β
2-microglobulin, respectively. The primary outcome was all-cause death.

Results

During a mean follow-up of 42 months, 385 (19.8%) patients died. In multivariable Cox analyses, residual urine volume (hazard ratio, 0.96 per 0.1-L/d higher volume; 95% confidence interval, 0.94 to 0.98) and GFR calculated using 24-hour urine collection (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.95 to 0.99) were independently associated with all-cause mortality. In 1640 patients who had eGFR β
2-microglobulin data, eGFR β
2-microglobulin (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.96 to 0.99) was also significantly associated with all-cause mortality as well as residual urine volume (hazard ratio, 0.96 per 0.1-L/d higher volume; 95% confidence interval, 0.94 to 0.98) and GFR calculated using 24-hour urine collection (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.95 to 0.99). When each residual kidney function index was added to the base model, only urine volume improved the predictability for all-cause mortality (net reclassification index =0.11, P=0.01; integrated discrimination improvement =0.01, P=0.01).

Conclusions

Higher residual urine volume was significantly associated with a lower risk of death and exhibited a stronger association with mortality than GFR calculated using 24-hour urine collection and eGFR-urea, creatinine. These results suggest that determining residual urine volume may be beneficial to predict patient survival in patients on dialysis.
El sector pesquero en Baja California Sur: un enfoque de insumo-producto
Authors: Cortés Ortiz Rocío Areli , Ponce Díaz Germán , Ángeles Villa Manuel
Published: February 2017

El propósito de este estudio es identificar y cuantificar los efectos del sector pesquero en Baja California Sur (BCS), México, con respecto al resto de las actividades de la economía estatal, y a la vez analizar su problemática e importancia para la entidad. En el análisis se utilizaron diferentes indicadores regionales y nacionales, y se empleó la metodología del insumo-producto; al caso de estudio se le aplicó la matriz de transacciones construida para el estado, con el propósito de estimar los multiplicadores de producción, empleo e ingreso y, a partir de ello, sugerir estrategias para fortalecer el sector y coadyuvar al desarrollo económico del estado.
Evolución de las maquiladoras en México: Política industrial y aprendizaje tecnológico
Authors: Contreras Óscar F. , Munguía Luis Felipe
Published: February 2017

La expansión de las maquiladoras ha generado una parte sustancial del crecimiento industrial en el norte de México, durante los últimos 25 años. Inicialmente, estas plantas se dedicaban a actividades intensivas en mano de obra, operaban con tecnologías rudimentarias y en condiciones precarias; sin embargo, desde mediados de los años ochenta, muchas introdujeron tecnologías de punta, una organización moderna y fuerza de trabajo bien capacitada; asimismo, se delegaron más funciones estratégicas a las plantas locales. Este artículo resume los hallazgos principales de investigaciones recientes en torno a la evolución y consecuencias del modelo de industrialización basado en las maquiladoras, con énfasis en el proceso de aprendizaje tecnológico asociado a la trayectoria industrial de la región. Se concluye que la estrategia de industrialización basada en el costo salarial está agotada. Ahora, la opción es transitar hacia la especialización en segmentos industriales apoyados en el conocimiento y de alto valor agregado.
La industria del bacanora: historia y tradición de resistencia en la sierra sonorense
Authors: Salazar Solano Vidal
Published: February 2017

Las estrategias de desarrollo económico local promueven los procesos de fortalecimiento de las ventajas comparativas, manifestadas en determinados territorios, y se centran en los denominados factores endógenos. Entre éstos destacan los históricos y culturales que han estimulado la industria del bacanora. La evidencia histórica indica que la persistencia de esta actividad, pese a los intentos de erradicación de la que fue objeto a lo largo de trescientos años, no sólo responde a factores económicos, sino a su rol dentro de las prácticas culturales y tradicionales de más arraigo entre la población serrana de Sonora. La cultura y las tradiciones ligadas a la producción y consumo de bacanora son indicadores del gran potencial de esa industria y su consolidación.
Limitaciones metodológicas de la epidemiología moderna y una alternativa para superarlas: la epidemiología sociocultural
Authors: Álvarez Hernández Gerardo
Published: February 2017

Este artículo de revisión pretende poner en la mesa de la discusión algunas de las limitaciones metodológicas que están presentes en la epidemiología moderna, particularmente en lo que se refiere a estudios epidemiológicos observacionales, para apuntar de modo somero cuáles serían los aportes de una epidemiología de raigambre sociocultural, entendiendo por esto la necesidad de relacionar los hechos biológicos con los ámbitos social, ecológico y cultural, desde la perspectiva de que esta tarea alude a una necesaria ampliación epistemológica y también metodológica de la epidemiología. Para ello, en el presente trabajo se revisan algunas de las bases conceptuales y metodológicas de la epidemiología moderna, señalando limitaciones y alcances que se han sugerido en la literatura producida tanto dentro de la disciplina como desde las ciencias sociales. El calificativo "epidemiología moderna" se empleará indistintamente del de "epidemiología tradicional", dado que lo que interesa es abordar primordialmente los conceptos y métodos usados por la epidemiología a partir del siglo XX.
Para una epidemiología sociocultural en el estudio del cáncer cervicouterino: experiencias de investigación
Authors: Aranda G. Patricia , Castro V. Ma. del Carmen
Published: February 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir a la discusión en torno a la construcción de una epidemiología sociocultural a partir del análisis de seis investigaciones realizadas en el Programa Salud y Sociedad de El Colegio de Sonora durante los últimos diez años. Todas ellas estudian aspectos relacionados con la prevención y detección oportuna del cáncer cervicouterino desde diferentes ángulos y perspectivas. La revisión de estas experiencias nos invita a distinguir diversos acercamientos entre la sociología, la antropología y la epidemiología, pero sobre todo a hacer hincapié en la necesaria complementariedad entre sus abordajes teórico-metodológicos.
Las redes de innovación en la producción de contenidos web en México: un acercamiento empírico desde la perspectiva territorial y vocacional
Authors: Toudert Djamel , Fimbres Norma , Cuamea Felipe
Published: February 2017

La World Wide Web (www) o web, al igual que sus contenidos, adquirió, durante la última década, una posición central en la construcción del discurso de la apropiación socioterritorial de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (tic). Con el desplazamiento de las tesis fundadas en la trascendencia tecnológica y la sustitución espacial, el reacomodo teórico propulsado por el empirismo crítico permitió redimensionar, en un marco explicativo más aceptable, el abordaje de las redes de innovación implicadas en la producción de la web. Sin embargo, al conservar el determinismo territorial y la tendencia a enfocarse sobre todo al desarrollo tecnológico de las tic, el empirismo crítico deja entrever debilidades conceptuales para explicar varios contextos documentados por la investigación de la web. Entre estos casos discordantes, los hallazgos del presente artículo indican que las redes de innovación de la producción de la web en México son potenciadas, entre los iguales, por externalidades virtuales de red de tipo informativo sujetadas en forma parcial a las jerarquías territoriales, la procedencia vocacional y la especialización temático-virtual.
La estructura espacial urbana y accesibilidad diferenciada a centros de empleo en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua
Authors: Fuentes Flores César M.
Published: February 2017

Existen disparidades intraurbanas en los tiempos de traslado del viaje al trabajo en transporte público y privado, producto de una accesibilidad diferenciada a los centros de empleo en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua; el objetivo del artículo es explicarlas. La metodología empleada es el análisis espacial, además se elaboraron cuatro modelos de regresión simple estimados mediante la técnica de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios. Las variables se construyeron con información de la Encuesta de origen-destino de 1997, el xii Censo general de población y vivienda de 2000 y el xiii Censo económico de 1999, a nivel del área geográfica básica. Los resultados de los modelos de regresión indican que el índice de accesibilidad, el balance entre empleos y viviendas, el valor del suelo y las variables aproximadas de uso del suelo (proporción de trabajadores en el sector secundario y terciario) muestran efectos estadísticamente significativos al explicar diferencias en los tiempos de traslado al trabajo en transporte público. Así mismo, el índice de accesibilidad, valor del suelo y la proporción de trabajadores en el sector secundario incrementan dichos tiempos en transporte privado. Los resultados tienen implicaciones en términos de políticas de usos del suelo y planeación del transporte.
El empleo informal en la frontera norte de México y el caso de Sonora: un análisis de expectativas en los ingresos
Authors: Huesca Reynoso Luis
Published: February 2017

En el presente documento se muestra la distribución de los ingresos para trabajadores formales e informales en la frontera norte y en Sonora; se observó más participación de los jornaleros agrícolas informales y de quienes trabajan por cuenta propia. Con la base de datos de la Encuesta nacional de ocupación y empleo de 2006, se calculó un escenario contrafactual con la asunción de lo que pasaría con la distribución de los salarios si los informales se desempeñaran como empleados formales. Los resultados indican que los informales asalariados y por cuenta propia están en mejor situación, y es menos favorable la expectativa para los segundos en Sonora, así como para los jornaleros agrícolas en ambos lugares. Los informales por cuenta propia no cambian sustancialmente sus ingresos, si se ubican en la parte alta de la distribución en Sonora, y hay una polarización de las percepciones en los asalariados en la frontera.
Determinantes de los ingresos salariales en México: una perspectiva de capital humano
Authors: Varela Llamas Rogelio , Ocegueda Hernández Juan Manuel , Castillo Ponce Ramón A. , Huber Bernal Gerardo
Published: February 2017

En el presente trabajo se estima una ecuación de ingresos salariales para México, en el marco de una perspectiva teórica de capital humano. Con información de la Encuesta nacional de ingreso y gasto de los hogares 2006 del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía, se evalúa el efecto de la escolaridad y la experiencia laboral en los ingresos de los jefes de hogar, controlado por otros atributos como el tipo de contrato, género, estrato poblacional, sindicalización y territorio. Después de aplicar el método bietápico de Heckman, los resultados sugieren que las diferencias en los salarios según la escolaridad son marcadas, y que la tasa de rentabilidad marginal es consistente con el incremento porcentual de éstos en cada grado de educación formal; también que las percepciones de los jefes de hogar sindicalizados con un contrato temporal y de base son superiores de quienes no tienen el mismo estatus laboral.
Medio ambiente y organizaciones de la sociedad civil: análisis de las redes civiles ambientalistas en Hermosillo, Sonora
Authors: Lutz Ley América N. , Salazar Adams Alejandro
Published: February 2017

El surgimiento de organizaciones civiles ambientalistas en Sonora ha ocurrido desde hace más de dos décadas, sin que haya investigaciones suficientes sobre sus características y estrategias. En el presente trabajo se analizan las relaciones de información, apoyo, recursos materiales y financieros que 11 de ellas en Hermosillo establecen entre sí y con otras de fuera del municipio, así como con instituciones académicas y organismos gubernamentales. Para cada tipo de relación se evaluó la densidad y jerarquización de la red interna y de las externas, y se detectaron las organizaciones más sobresalientes. Los resultados indican que entre mayores sean los costos de las ligas, su densidad o frecuencia disminuye. La red hermosillense tiene una estructura jerárquica y las mayores densidades en las relaciones de información, apoyo y materiales; mientras que para los recursos financieros, esta característica se observa en las ligas de organismos gubernamentales hacia los civiles.
PRESENTACIÓN
Authors: Lisbona Guillén Miguel , Medina F. Xavier , Sánchez Martín Ricardo
Published: February 2017

La práctica de actividades físico-deportivas ocupa, hoy en día, buena parte del tiempo de ocio de un alto porcentaje de la población en nuestras sociedades; y no sólo eso, sino que ha llegado a convertirse en un importante referente simbólico y cultural para determinados grupos sociales. Más evidente aún resulta la fuerza expansiva de sus universos simbólicos en la representación de espectáculos deportivos como el fútbol, convertido en un nuevo lenguaje universal, en la “nueva religión” de buena parte de las sociedades modernas. ...
PRÁCTICA DEPORTIVA, ALIMENTACIÓN Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DEL CUERPO
Authors: Espeitx Elena
Published: February 2017

El presente artículo aborda la relación existente entre actividad físico-deportiva y alimentación en adolescentes y jóvenes. A través de estas líneas, se pretende revisar como, y en que medida, el concepto de “construcción del cuerpo” interviene en esta relación, y especialmente, cómo se relacionan social y culturalmente la alimentación, el ejercicio y el deporte.
CHIAPAS: FUTBOL Y MODERNIDAD
Authors: Fábregas Puig Andrés
Published: February 2017

En este ensayo, se aborda el papel del equipo de primera división, los Jaguares, en el contexto de la realidad chiapaneca. La capacidad del futbol para crear símbolos que conformen “comunidades de identificación” e “integración de la diversidad” se analiza en dos vertientes, la de las transformaciones económicas, y en concreto del empresariado chiapaneco y, por otra parte, la condensación de las fragmentadas identidades locales hacia una posible identificación estatal mediante el equipo de los Jaguares.
ANOTACIONES SOBRE LOS JUICIOS POR TERRENOS BALDÍOS EN CHIAPAS A PARTIR DE LOS INFORMES DEL JUZGADO (1851-1869)
Authors: Cosamalón Aguilar Jesús Antonio
Published: February 2017

Este trabajo pretende, a partir del análisis de algunos documentos provenientes de los juzgados de Chiapas, delimitar la importancia de los juicios por terrenos baldíos en el Estado antes de la época de Porfirio Díaz. El interés fundamental se concentra en establecer que las leyes acerca de los terrenos baldíos probablemente ocasionaron un temprano proceso de acumulación. En ese sentido, la principal contribución consiste en ofrecer datos estadísticos y cualitativos que permiten la elaboración de hipótesis de trabajo coherentes para comprender mejor la evolución de la propiedad agraria en ese período. Por esta razón ofrecemos a los interesados un anexo estadístico con los datos más relevantes de esta documentación, con la esperanza de que pueda guiar futuras investigaciones.
Influência da temperatura ambiente no verão na produção de leite de vacas holandesas
Authors: Nascimento Sheila , Nascimento Sheila Tavares , Rossetto Jasmin Piovan , Silva Alessandra Aparecida , Mac-Lean Priscilla Ayleen Bustos , Tenório Juliana Paula Lozada
Published: February 2017

The aim of this work was to evaluate milk yield losses directly influenced by the climate without the use of installments’ resources to heating and/ or cooling in a dairy farm. Twenty Holstein cows with an average body weight of 480 kg and different lactation stages were used. The milk yield to each animal and the air temperature during milking were measured for 30 days, twice a day, in the morning and in the evening milking. The cows were divided in three groups, as follows: GROUP L – cows in different lactation periods; GROUP PL – cows in the peak of lactation; GROUP P – cows in the first lactation. Data of milk production were submitted to an analysis of variance, considering the effects of days of observation, of the groups of the animals in each period (morning and afternoon) and considering the air temperature as a covariable of the model. The Pearson correlation was estimated (P
A importância dos endoparasiticidas e ectoparasiticidas em animais domésticos - Revisão
Authors: Oliveira Iris moniele , Carmo Islan Barbosa do , Cruz João Hugo Silveira , Santos Maisa Jesus dos , Farias Leonardo Alves de
Published: February 2017

Gastrointestinal parasites, including verminoses, are responsible for high economic losses, due to delayed growth, weight loss, reduction of food consumption, drop in milk production, low fertility and even mortality. Parasitism is undoubtedly the greatest scourge that affects the world's herds. The external parasites occupy a prominent place among the parasites of domestic animals. Endoparasiticides and ectoparaciticidas have as an auxiliary function in the prevention and combat of pests, thus reducing the rate of certain diseases, such as ehrlichiosis and babesiosis. Prophylactic use of endoparasiticides and ectoparasiticides In pet animals is of fundamental importance at the level of Animal Health, but also with regard to Public and Environmental Health, given the zoonotic potential of certain parasites. The proper and regular application of antiparasitics falls on the owners for a continuous protection of the animal, against any parasitic infection. In domestic carnivores, dogs and cats, the biggest challenge is controlling fleas and demodectic mange.
La tendencia a quejarse ante un tercero tras un fallo en el servicio: influencia de la justicia interpersonal y la experiencia previa en el sector hotelero español
Authors: Aguilar Rojas Oscar Ney , Fandos Herrera Carmina
Published: February 2017

Nunca antes tantos servicios habían sido comprados, vendidos y consumidos como lo son hoy y además, nunca antes los consumidores habían tenido tantos medios para manifestar su insatisfacción a través de una queja. Este trabajo aborda el estudio de las quejas ante un tercero en el contexto de los hoteles teniendo en cuenta la experiencia previa del cliente y el trato del que ha sido objeto. El objetivo de este artículo era analizar qué influencia puede ejercer la justicia interpersonal, la experiencia previa, el género y la edad sobre la intención de quejarse ante un tercero. Además, se ha estudiado cuáles son los instrumentos de queja que utiliza un cliente insatisfecho tras un fallo en un servicio, si los periódicos, las redes sociales, las asociaciones de consumidores o acometer acciones legales. Se presentan resultados interesantes de los que se derivan consecuencias aplicables a una gestión efectiva de las quejas en el sector de los servicios y recomendaciones para evitar que se interpongan dichas quejas.
El liderazgo escolar: implicaciones en la calidad de las organizaciones educativas del contexto actual en México
Authors: Ocampo Herrera Dora María , Reyna Pineda Sergio Francisco
Published: February 2017

En la actualidad la búsqueda por la calidad educativa se ha convertido en un desafío para todas las organizaciones educativas. El liderazgo escolar tiene un papel fundamental en la transformación de la sociedad, específicamente en la educación, y para que este cambio ocurra, los líderes eficaces con visión son la clave. En la dimensión de la globalización, las organizaciones educativas se vuelven trascendentales, lo que significa que un adecuado liderazgo  escolar las puede posicionar en un contexto de alta competitividad. Este tipo de liderazgo debe promover un desarrollo competitivo ante el entorno exigente de la educación. En este trabajo, se presenta una aproximación teórica sobre las tendencias actuales del liderazgo escolar y los avances en el conocimiento sobre sus implicaciones en la calidad de las organizaciones educativa en México. El trabajo se estructura tres secciones: la primera plantea algunas definiciones sobre el liderazgo escolar, la segunda, analiza las tendencias actuales del liderazgo escolar  y la última, hace un análisis de las implicaciones sobre la calidad educativa
Percepción de los gerentes de recursos humanos sobre habilidades de los consultores: contexto mexicano
Authors: Velasco López Xochitl , Cavazos Arroyo Judith
Published: February 2017

Esta investigación tuvo como propósito identificar la percepción de los gerentes de Recursos Humanos sobre las habilidades de los consultores organizacionales que brindan sus servicios a empresas de un contexto mexicano. Se desarrolló una investigación correlacional y explicativa, con un diseño transversal y la aplicación de una encuesta electrónica a gerentes de Recursos Humanos en la Ciudad de Puebla, México. Los resultados evidenciaron que los sectores empresariales consideran que el consultor debe mejorar en la definición que da el cliente acerca del problema y que la mayor parte de los consultores no tienen algún tipo de certificación. Además, las gerentes de Recursos Humanos consideran que el consultor tiene que desarrollar mejor la habilidad de la valoración de éste sobre el diagnóstico de la empresa. Y los gerentes Senior son más críticos sobre las habilidades generales de los consultores, sobre el sentido y diagnóstico y sobre la negociación de las restricciones y negociaciones del cliente.Palabras Clave: Gerentes de Recursos Humanos, habilidades de consultoría y Consultor.
Analisis Kadar Karbohidrat, Lemak Dan Protein Dari Tepung Biji Mangga (Mangifera indica L) Jenis Gadung
Authors: Qalsum Umi , Diah Anang Wahid M. , Supriadi Supriadi
Published: February 2017

Mango (Mangifera indica L) seeds never to used, so they need efforts to be as food ingredients suchas flour. Gadung mango seed was one type of mango seeds used as flour. This study aims to determinethe nutrient content i.e. carbohydrates, fats, and proteins of Gadung mango seed flour produced throughsulfurization and without sulfurization. Sodiumbisulfite (NaHSO3) with a concentration of 730 ppmwas used for mango seed soak for 4 hours at sulfurization stage. The results showed that the Gadungmango seed flour through sulfurization had levels of 13.89% carbohydrate, 12.94% fat and 8.48%protein, while the mango seed flour without sulfurization had levels of 20% carbohydrate, 14.83% fat,and 4.84% protein. The technique of sulfurization on making mango seed flour can reduce levels ofcarbohydrates and fats as well as maintaining the protein content.
Pertussis incidence rates in Novi Sad (Serbia) before and during improved surveillance
Authors: Petrovic Vladimir , Seguljev Zorica , Ristic Mioljub , Radosavljevic Biljana , Djilas Milan , Heininger Ulrich
Published: February 2017

Introduction/Objective. The Global Pertussis Initiative (GPI) proposed clinical case definitions for pertussis diagnosis in three different age cohorts in order to improve surveillance of pertussis especially in older children, adolescents, and adults. The main goal of this research was to compare the burden of pertussis in the city of Novi Sad before and after the introduction of improved surveillance using the GPI clinical case definitions of pertussis. Methods. Baseline data on pertussis were obtained from routine (non-sentinel) reporting before improved surveillance was introduced. From September 16, 2012, clinical case definitions proposed by GPI were applied within improved (sentinel and hospital) surveillance, while surveillance clinical case definitions were not introduced within non-sentinel. To confirm the suspected diagnosis, sampling of nasopharyngeal swab and/or blood was obtained from all cases. The choice of laboratory method (PCR or ELISA) depended on the duration of coughing and the age of the patients. Data were statistically processed by SPSS Statistics, version 22. Results. During the 12-year period before the introduction of improved surveillance, only two clinical pertussis cases were registered. In contrast, during the two-year period of improved surveillance, a total of 14 (season 2012/13) and 146 (season 2013/2014) confirmed pertussis cases were reported. Significant differences were determined in distribution of pertussis according to the type of surveillance and the level of health care. Conclusion. Introduction of clinical case definitions proposed by GPI improved the quality of surveillance and enabled an insight in the distribution of pertussis in all age groups and at all levels of health care.
Benefits of venom immunotherapy: How soon can they be expected
Authors: Kadivec Sasa , Kosnik Mitja
Published: February 2017

Introduction/Objective. Allergic reactions to insect stings are medical emergencies that could be prevented by venom immunotherapy (VIT). The main purpose of VIT is to prevent fatal or life-threatening reactions. We aimed to show the rapidity with which patients experience the benefits of VIT and estimate the number of emergency treatments that are prevented. Methods. We reviewed the medical files of patients who started VIT between 2010 and 2014. We calculated the costs of treatment of the sting reactions, the costs of immunotherapy, and estimated the costs of prevented allergic reactions. Results. In a cohort of 514 patients (40.9% female, age 47.2 ? 14.4 years), the cost of treatment of the index sting reaction was 180.4 ? 166.8 euros. During VIT, 195 patients experienced 446 field stings. In 86.3% of patients, stings were well tolerated, and only one patient experienced a severe reaction (grade III, according to Mueller). A total of 20.4% of VIT treated patients were stung during the first year of VIT and 57% during five years of VIT. The expenditure for five years of VIT was 2,886 euros per patient, which corresponded to an average of 16 emergency treatments for systemic reactions. Conclusion. Emergency situations are prevented in a substantial number of venom-allergic patients and a beneficial effect was already observed during the first year of VIT.
Knowledge on Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Disease among Middle Aged Administrative Staffs of Kathmandu
Authors: Shrestha Soni , Gautam Deepa
Published: February 2017

Background: Progressive urbanization and adoption of the “western” lifestyle contributes to the rising burden of cardiovascular diseases in the developing world. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is no longer confined by geographical area or socioeconomic boundary. Knowledge is an important pre-requisite for implementing both primary and secondary preventive strategies of CHD and for behavioral change. Objective: This study attempts to quantify level of knowledge on risk factors of Coronary Heart Disease among middle aged administrative staffs of Tribhuvan University, Kritipur Kathmandu.Methodology: Descriptive Cross Sectional  study was conducted in different departments of Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu from December 22, 2014 to January 2, 2015.A total of 130 middle aged administrative staffs (40-60 years) have participated in the study. Structured questionnaires and interview schedule were used to collect data and descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. Results: Among total respondents, 56.2 % had mean knowledge score equal to or more than 13.91. Only less than half (47.7%) knew age as non - modifiable risk factor of CHD followed by sex (30.8%) and family history (30%). Regarding modifiable risk factors, most participant response was fatty food consumption (80.8%) followed by tobacco use (80%), excessive alcohol consumption (78.5%), hypertension(76.2%), Stress(74.6%), lack of exercise/inactive lifestyle (73.8%), mellitus (46.9%). In regards to the symptom of CHD, most cited response was chest Obesity (70.8%), excessive salt consumption in diet (60.8%) and diabetes pain/discomfort (55%). The risk factors prevalent among the study participants included overweight (44.6%) and alcohol consumption (30.8%)Conclusion: The findings concluded that significant percentage (43.8%) of respondent’s mean knowledge score was less than 13.91. Thus, understanding of the behavioral determinants of heart disease knowledge and risk factors is necessary in designing effective prevention strategies.  Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016, page : 1-13
Professional English Communication for Engineers in Nepal
Authors: Agrawal Santosh
Published: February 2017

This article is focused on the nature, needs and problems of the professional communications of the engineers in Nepal. It includes a number of significant aspects of the engineering professional communication with the use of English language. The study is an outcome of a survey of several aspects of the engineering profession, study of several relevant literature and the contact to a number of experts associated with the field of professional communication. The researchers in the field of professional communication require being more and more specific according to the changing specific needs of the professionals in the modern context today. It is necessary to pinpoint the nature of engineering professional skills, in order to save the time and other resources, if they are not properly utilized to achieve the set goals. The researchers in the past along with the students over here, are aware of the necessity of making more and more researches in the field of professional communication of the engineers in order to minimize the communicative problems of the engineers on one hand and to show a proper and adequate specific path in the areas of teaching and learning the specific skills of communication on the other. The sole purpose of the present research article is to indicate a number of measures to be applied to better the communicative situations of the engineers both during their study and at work. Hence a number of tentative suggestions and recommendations have been drawn following the conclusion of the article.Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016, page: 14-21