bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cromo L-metionina en dietas basadas en Sorgo y Soya en cerdas primerizas
Authors: García-Castillo Ramón Florencio , Gutiérrez-Bañuelos Héctor , Mellado-Bosque Miguel , Morones-Reza Regino , Kawas-Garza Jorge R.
Published: January 2024

Se realizó un experimento para evaluar el efecto de la adición de Cr L–metionina sobre el comportamiento productivo de cerdas primerizas cruza comercial (Hampshire, Duroc, Yorkshire) y su progenie, expresado en: peso de las cerdas a la pubertad, gestación y lactancia; también se evaluó el tamaño de la camada, expresado en peso, número y kilogramos de lechón producidos al nacimiento y al destete, también se analizaron los metabolitos glucosa, urea, creatinina, colesterol, proteínas totales y ácido úrico; se evaluaron P, Ca, Mg, Cu, y Zn. Se utilizaron 15 cerdas que fueron alimentadas con una dieta basada en sorgo y soya (14.8 % de PC y 3.1 Mcal EM), a las cuales se les adicionó Cr L–metionina (0, 300 y 600 ppb). Los resultados indicaron que no hubo diferencia estadística (P>0.05) en los pesos analizados de las cerdas, peso a la pubertad, gestación y lactación. Tampoco se observó una diferencia estadística (P>0.05) en el tamaño de la camada al nacimiento y al destete. No se encontró diferencia estadística (P>0.05) con la adición de Cr L–Met entre los tratamientos al analizar los metabolitos y electrolitos. Por lo que la adición de Cr L–metionina no afectó la ganancia de peso de las cerdas en las etapas de pubertad, gestación y lactancia, no mejoró el número y peso de los lechones al nacer, ni al destete, y no afecto el perfil de metabolitos y electrolitos estudiados.
Arab-Islamic coins struck in Palestine Until the End of Umayyad Caliphs 15-132 A.H/ 636-750 A.D
Authors: Abu Dayyah Adnan
Published: January 2024

The study aims to determine the factors affecting the low academic achievement of secondary school students in Jordan, which was imposed by the Corona pandemic, and provides ways to address it. It examines the differences in results according to many variables of study. In order to achieve the objectives, two research's tools were conducted. The first method is the questionnaire and the second one is interviews. The methods stratified randomness distributed to 263 teachers and second grade secondary students in Irbid schools. The results of the study showed that the degree of the total arithmetic averages from teacher's point of view is medium. Study shoes also, that the arithmetic averages in the perspective of secondary school, according to student’s degree is also medium. The analysis of the study shows that there is a difference from the point of view of teachers related to the impact of sex in favor of males, and no difference is related to experience. The difference from student's views is related to the impact of sex in favor of males and no difference is related specialization. Both teachers and students agree that there must be communication between the school and the local community. In order to achieve the online learning.
Pemanfaatan Metabolit Sekunder Alami Dari Tanaman Lontarak Herbs Plants Di Desa Masago
Authors: Nita Nita , Kasmawati Kasmawati , Asfar Andi Muhammad Irfan Taufan , Asfar Andi Muhammad Iqbal Akbar , Nuranisa Andi , Handira Ayu , Sari Andi Ermita
Published: January 2024

Permasalahan teki ladang, rumput liar yang sering dianggap sebagai gulma, menyebabkan kerugian besar dalam pertanian dengan menguras air dan mineral yang seharusnya diserap oleh tanaman padi. Ini juga menjadi tempat berkembang biaknya hama dan penyakit tanaman, serta merusak tanaman. Kelompok Dasawisma Asoka di Desa Masago mengidentifikasi permasalahan ini sebagai isu penting. Teki ladang mengandung berbagai senyawa bermanfaat, seperti antioksidan dan anti-inflamasi. Kelompok ini berencana mengembangkan teki ladang sebagai sumber suplemen organik alami yang dapat mengurangi kerugian pertanian dan mendukung pengembangan tanaman lontarak. Desa Masago di Kecamatan Patimpeng memiliki potensi lahan pertanian yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk tujuan ini. Namun, kurangnya pemahaman dan edukasi tentang penggunaan obat tradisional telah menyebabkan pengabaian terhadap tanaman lontarak. Oleh karena itu, kelompok Dasawisma Asoka bertekad untuk lebih mengembangkan potensi tanaman lontarak melalui pemanfaatan teki ladang sebagai sumber daya alternatif yang berharga bagi masyarakat Desa Masago.
Penerapan AR Berbasis Audio Visual Interaktif Karya Kaligrafi untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan dan Kreatifitas SDM MA Ibadurrochman
Authors: Romadhon Ilham Fatkhu , Roziqin Mohamad Firzon Ainur , Surya Eka Putri , Aruna Alby , Iriaji Iriaji
Published: January 2024

Artikel ini memberikan paparan inisiatif MA Ibadurrochman dalam meningkatkan kreativitas dan kemampuan pembelajarannya melalui implementasi Augmented Reality (AR) berbasis audio-visual dalam karya kaligrafi. Inovasi ini bertujuan mengintegrasikan media digital interaktif ke dalam kurikulum, menciptakan pengalaman pembelajaran imersif. Dengan mengubah karya kaligrafi menjadi materi interaktif menggunakan AR, peserta didik dan pendidik dapat menyelami aspek artistik dan keilmuan kaligrafi dengan lebih mendalam dan dinamis. Pendekatan Aset Based Community Development (ABCD) diadopsi untuk memaksimalkan potensi lokal. Hasil program ini mencerminkan peningkatan substansial dalam pemahaman konseptual, keterampilan praktis, dan kreativitas baik siswa maupun guru. Penggunaan AR berbasis audio-visual tidak hanya meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan kaligrafi dan seni di MA Ibadurrochman, tapi juga berdampak positif pada pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia. Keberhasilan ini menandai AR sebagai model inovatif dalam pendidikan, mengkatalisir pembelajaran yang lebih menarik dan interaktif. Karya kaligrafi tidak lagi hanya sebagai objek estetika, tapi juga sumber pembelajaran yang kaya. Penerapan teknologi ini menjanjikan perubahan paradigma dalam pendekatan pembelajaran kaligrafi, memperkaya proses edukasi dan menumbuhkan apresiasi mendalam terhadap seni dan keilmuan kaligrafi.
Kertas Komposit Multiguna untuk Pengembangan Produk Ramah Lingkungan
Authors: Jaslina Jaslina , Kasmawati Kasmawati , Asfar Andi Muhammad Irfan Taufan , Asfar Andi Muhammad Iqbal Akbar , Risma Risma , Ramli Nurhaerani
Published: January 2024

Permasalahan serius yang dihadapi oleh Desa Latellang, Kecamatan Patimpeng, Kabupaten Bone adalah pengelolaan limbah bagas tebu dan kulit pisang yang selama ini dibiarkan terbuang begitu saja, menyebabkan pencemaran udara yang signifikan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat telah berusaha memanfaatkan limbah bagas tebu dan kulit pisang dengan mengubahnya menjadi kertas komposit multiguna melalui tiga tahapan utama: penyuluhan, pelatihan, dan pendampingan. Hasil dari program menunjukan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pengetahuan dan keterampilan mitra. Mitra mengalami peningkatan sebesar 90% dalam pemahaman mereka tentang manfaat limbah bagas tebu dan kulit pisang, mencapai kemampuan produksi kertas komposit multiguna 100%, serta meningkat sebanyak 90% dalam pengetahuan pemasaran. Tidak hanya itu, kesadaran akan nilai ekonomi limbah ini juga telah memotivasi mitra untuk menjalankan usaha mandiri di bidang ini, yang pada gilirannya telah membantu mewujudkan tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Nomor 3, yaitu menciptakan desa yang sehat dan sejahtera.
¿ES LA IRISINA UN INDICADOR TEMPRANO DE DIABETES MELLITUS?
Authors: Gregori María Celeste
Published: January 2024

La irisina es una hormona polipeptídica secretada por el músculo que activa la función termogénica en los tejidos adiposos. Su pardeamiento genera efectos que pueden afectar la homeostasis de la glucosa. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de estudios donde se midieron los niveles de irisina en sangre por ELISA en pacientes con prediabetes, diabetes mellitus u obesidad. Los términos clave fueron: “(irisin) AND (diabetes)”. La búsqueda se realizó en Pubmed, Lilacs yEpistemonikos. Se incluyeron 21 artículos. Los resultados obtenidos son dispares. No existe un valor de referencia de irisina estadificado como normal. Los datos de las investigaciones no se pudieron comparar entre sí. En los diabéticos tipo 2, el 80% obtuvo valores bajos en comparación con la población sana. No se consideran relevantes las conclusiones de los demás grupos. No es posible considerar esta hormona como predictora de diabetes. Se necesitan más estudios para evaluar esta función.Palabras clave. Irisina, músculo esquelético, prediabetes, diabetes, obesidad.
MUCORMICOSIS PULMONAR Y COVID-19: PRIMER REPORTE DE CASO EN COLOMBIA Y REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA
Authors: Zárate Ligia María
Published: January 2024

La infección por mucormicosis y covid-19 generó una alerta epidemiológica a nivel mundial dada su agresividad y alta mortalidad, que afecta principalmente a los pacientes con diabetes mellitus y aquellos que están severamente comprometidos. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 63 años con antecedentes de diabetes mellitus, infección por covid-19 y antecedentes de inmunización, a quien, luego de su fallecimiento, se realizó biopsia pulmonar bajo guía tomográfica, tinciones de hematoxilina eosina, tinción de ácidos periódicos de Schiff (tinción de PAS) y plata metanamina (Grocott/Gomori). En el estudio histológico se documenta el tejido pulmonar con necrosis, membranas hialinas y presencia de hifas irregulares, de tamaño y forma variable, con dilatación bulbosa focal, ramificación irregular no dicotómica en ángulos rectos, ocasionales, algunas plegadas o comprimidas. Los hongos son evidentes también en coloraciones para PAS y plata metanamaina (Grocott/Gomori). Hay marcada angioinvasión y adicionalmente se observan focos de infiltrado inflamatorio agudo. Los hallazgos corresponden a mucormicosis pulmonar asociada a daño alveolar difuso en relación con infección grave por SARS-CoV-2 en el paciente con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 no controlada.Palabras clave. Mucormicosis pulmonar, mucormicosis, SARS-CoV-2, covid-19, Colombia.
Étkeztetés az iskolában és az utcán. A menza történeti gyökerei Budapesten
Authors: Umbrai Laura
Published: January 2024

The introduction of school meals in the 20th century has its roots in several parallel but independent initiatives. The common source of these initiatives was the practice of philanthropy and charity, based on religious upbringing. Public catering for children was ﬁrst institutionalized in Budapest by a charitable organization, the Association of Friends of Children [Gyermekbarát-ok Egyesülete], after which several denominational associations followed suit. In the early 20th century, the City of Budapest itself also took the initiative, setting up its ﬁrst daycare centers where needy children were not only fed but also participated in educational and recreational activities. Resources for social welfare were eroded during the war, thus foreign aid organizations stepped in to help the children of Budapest immediately after the war, while childcare became the sole responsibility of the public authorities from the 1920s. From then on, the state covered the entire costs of providing meals, similar to the system of soup kitchens established speciﬁcally for supplying food to destitute adults.
Pelatihan Skill Merajut Untuk Ibu-Ibu Rumah Tangga dan Remaja
Authors: - Nurhayati , Nurmaya Alya , Faijin Faijin , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa
Published: January 2024

Pendidikan kecakapan hidup sangat erat kaitannya dengan pelatihan. Penguasaan ketrampilan dapat diperoleh melalui salah satu cara yaitu keikutsertaan masyarakat dalam program pendidikan kecakapan hidup atau lifeskill. Pelatihan skill merajut merupakan salah satu program pembekalan ketrampilan yang ditujukan kepada kaum perempuan khususnya ibu-ibu rumah tangga dan remaja di  Desa Rabakodo Kabupaten Bima.  Ketrampilan ini berkaitan dengan ketrampilan jangka panjang yang di asah sedikit demi sedikit sehingga kelak  dapat  digunakan  sebagai  sesuatu  yang  bernilai  jual,  baik  untuk  dijual  maupun dilatihkan kembali kepada anggota yang lainnya. Kegiatan  ini  di  selenggarakan  oleh  Dosen  Prodi  BK  STKIP  Bima dan Prodi Ilmu Komputer Universitas Muhammadiyah Bima serta di ikuti oleh ibu-ibu rumah tangga dan remaja Desa Rabakodo Kabupaten Bima. Secara umum, seluruh kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat tentang pelatihan skill merajut dilaksanakan selama 3 (tiga) bulan dari bulan September 2022 sampai dengan bulan November 2022 meliputi survey awal kemudian menjajagi komunikasi dengan pihak Desa Rabakodo untuk keperluan legalisasi kegiatan, dilanjutkan dengan persiapan alat dan bahan dan segera melaksanakan kegiatan pelatihan. Kegiatan  pelatihan  skill  merajut  pada  ibu-ibu  rumah  tangga  dan  remaja  di  Desa Rabakodo Kabupaten Bima berjalan lancar. Pada umumnya, kegiatan merajut ini memang sangatlah susah untuk dipelajari, hanya orang-orang yang sanggup bersabar saja mampu untuk mengikuti metode merajutnya Dari hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat diperoleh bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan anggota masyarakat Desa Rabakodo khususnya ibu-ibu rumah tangga dan remaja tentang peluang usaha diiringi dengan meningkatnya ketrampilan merajut tingkat pemula berupa tas, dompet dan asesoris lainnya
Pengembangan Literasi Melalui Perpustakaan Keliling Dan Rumah Baca Di Desa Rasabou Jatibaru Timur Kota Bima
Authors: Amiruddin  , Indah Sulistia , - Sarbudin , - Muhammadiah
Published: January 2024

Secara umum literasi itu merupakan kegiatan membaca dan menulis. Literasi sangat penting bagi kita semua untuk meningkatkan kemampuan seseorang dalam pengembangan diri dan pemecahan suatu masalah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Berdasarkan fakta mengenai kurangnya minat baca serta rendahnya tingkat partisipasi masyarakat di bidang perpustakaan daerah kota Bima, membuat relawan dan pegiat literasi yang peduli dengan minat baca tergerak untuk terjun langsung kemasyarakat. Salah satu upaya untuk menumbuhkan budaya membaca dan meningkatkan peranan masyarakat dalam pemberdayaan di Kota Bima adalah dengan pengembangan literasi melalui perpustakaan kelling dan rumah baca. Perpustakaan keliling tidak saja melayani peminjaman buku, tapi juga berbagai kegiatan atau  aktivitas  yang  akan  terus  berkembang  dalam  upaya  untuk  mencerdaskan  generasi Bangsa seperti permainan tradisional, mendongeng, mewarnai, dan juga menonton film anak- anak. Perpustakaan keliling berperan aktif sebagai motivator yaitu sebagai pengembangan minat baca dan budaya baca telah bertanggung jawab terhadap pengembangan budaya baca baik secara sendiri maupun kerjasama dengan pihak lain. Pengguna perpustakaan keliling mencakup seluruh masyarakat yang terdiri dari berbagai macam usia. Minat baca bukanlah hobi atau bakat yang dimiliki oleh seseorang tetapi minat baca harus dapat ditanamkan sejak usia dini melalui pengenalan huruf dan angka. Diharapkan dengan keberadaan rumah baca dilingkungan masyarakat dapat menumbuhkan minat, kecintaan dan kegemaran membaca selain itu menambah wawasan tentang perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEK) bagi anak-anak dan remaja.
Exploring Legal Aspects Related to Emerging Technologies in Tanzanian Distance Education
Authors: Ally Abdallah Mrindoko
Published: January 2024

The emergence of new technologies in the ICT sector and their integration into Tanzanian distance education presents both opportunities and challenges for the educational field. Innovations like Artificial Intelligence, robotics, Mobile learning, e-learning, cloud computing, video-assisted learning, and Digital Content Platforms play a crucial role in improving the teaching and learning process. These technologies have not only transformed various aspects of universities, such as teaching methods, assessment procedures, administration, examination management, financial records, and timetable scheduling but have also expanded educational access, enhanced quality, and reduced costs. This abstract provides an overview of a comprehensive research study focusing on the legal aspects related to the use of emerging technologies in Tanzanian distance education. As distance education becomes increasingly popular as a means to enhance access and quality of education in Tanzania, it is essential to consider the legal dimensions associated with this transformation. While technology brings significant improvements to the education sector, it also introduces legal, security, privacy, and safety challenges that require attention and resolution. From a legal perspective, the technology involved in electronic learning (e-learning) presents specific challenges because many existing legal and policy standards in education are primarily designed for traditional brick-and-mortar classrooms and face-to-face interactions. This research aims to identify and analyze the legal issues surrounding the implementation of emerging technologies in distance education. The study utilizes doctrinal and comparative research methods to examine international legal instruments, policies, and laws from other jurisdictions. The findings indicate that the current policies and legal instruments governing emerging technologies in Tanzania do not adequately address the existing legal gaps.
Managing Research in Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) in Tanzania : A Systematic Review on the best Practices for using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Manyengo Patrick Renatus
Published: January 2024

This paper reports on the findings of a systematic review in relation to the research management practices in Higher Learning Institutions through the use of Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as ChatGPT in Tanzania. AI technologies have gained significant popularity in recent times. However, their integration into academic settings raises concerns, especially in terms of potential ethical considerations. The systematic review at hand used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to retrieve English records in Google Scholar under the phrase "ChatGPT in research¨. Eligibility criteria included the published research papers on ChatGPT and research practices. A total of 28 documents were retrieved. Only 20 documents met the inclusion criteria after full screening. The findings indicate that setting a code of ethics for using AI is paramount. Further research is needed in order to gain detailed insights into this new innovation and technology. It was concluded that ChatGPT in research has to be validated with other methods.
CONCEPT «SAFETY» IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES
Authors: Latypova Y.A. , Ishmuratov B.V.
Published: January 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of «security»
in Russian and English. The authors investigated the semantics and usage of the
term «security» in both languages. The author discusses the reasons for the
differences in understanding of the concept of «security» in Russian and English
and points out the need to take into account the context of the use of the term in
translation. The study allows us to better understand the peculiarities of the
Russian and English languages and their interaction in international relations.
The concept of «security» is one of the most important problems in the modern
world. It affects various aspects of people's lives, including economics, politics,
society and technology. In this article we will look at the concept of security in
Russian and English and compare how it is perceived in different cultures
THE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHYBEYOND BREAST CANCER
Authors: Yoga Nuswantoro Yoga , Anggraini Efa
Published: January 2024

Background: It is critical to assess the effects of coordinated mammography service screening separately from modifications to breast cancer therapy. This can be achieved by calculating the fatal breast cancer incidence, which is determined by the diagnostic date rather than the death date.
Methods: By comparing itself to the standards set by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. So, the experts were able to make sure that the study was as up-to-date as it was possible to be. For this search approach, publications that came out between 2013 and 2023 were taken into account. Several different online reference sources, like Pubmed and SagePub, were used to do this. It was decided not to take into account review pieces, works that had already been published, or works that were only half done.
Result: In the PubMed database, the results of our search brought up 109 articles, whereas the results of our search on SagePub brought up 98 articles. The results of the search conducted for the last year of 2013 yielded a total 45 articles for PubMed and 32 articles for SagePub. In the end, we compiled a total of  5 papers, 4 of which came from PubMed and 1 of which came from SagePub. We included five research that met the criteria.
Conclusion: In summary, mammography screening lowers the death rate from breast cancer, although the estimates are only marginally statistically significant, the effects are modest at younger ages, and the way cases were accumulated in trials affects the outcome. Screening for cancers at higher stages also lowers the risk of cancer in those 50 and older.
THE ROLE OF RADIOLOGIC IMAGING IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (IBS): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Nuswantoro Yoga , Anggraini Efa
Published: January 2024

Background: The role of radiologic imaging in the investigation of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains a subject of debate and there is some evidence, from recent studies of utilization of imaging in IBS, which focused on associated costs and radiation exposure, that imaging is being used relatively widely in these patients. 
The aim: This study aims to show the role of radiologic imaging in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Methods: By comparing itself to the standards set by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. So, the experts were able to make sure that the study was as up-to-date as it was possible to be. For this search approach, publications that came out between 2013 and 2023 were taken into account. Several different online reference sources, like Pubmed and SagePub, were used to do this. It was decided not to take into account review pieces, works that had already been published, or works that were only half done.
Result: In the PubMed database, the results of our search brought up 112 articles, whereas the results of our search on SagePub brought up 179 articles. The results of the search conducted for the last year of 2013 yielded a total 84 articles for PubMed and 91 articles for SagePub. The result from title screening, a total 18 articles for PubMed and 25 articles for SagePub. In the end, we compiled a total of 10 papers. We included five research that met the criteria.
Conclusion: In patients presenting with IBS symptoms and alarm features, radiologic testing may be used to exclude an alternative diagnosis and the imaging modality should be chosen based on the most likely alternative diagnosis.
WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES OF NIGERIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES AND FIRMS VALUE
Authors: Chris-Ejiogu Uzoamaka Gloria , Edomobi Nonye , Ozurumba Benedict Anayochukwu , Obieche Nkechi Precious
Published: January 2024

This research explores the capital management strategies employed by Nigerian manufacturing industries and their impact on firm value, as measured by Earnings per Share (EPS). Employing an ex post facto research design, the study focuses on a population of 25 industrial goods industries, selecting a sample of 9 quoted manufacturing firms. The independent variables encompass various working capital management strategies, including accounts receivable management, accounts payable management, inventory management, cash conversion cycle, cash conversion efficiency, current assets to total assets ratio, and current liabilities to total assets ratio. The dependent variable is firm value, proxied by EPS. Results reveal both short-term and long-term effects of working capital management on EPS. The long-run model demonstrates significant negative relationships between accounts receivable management (ARM) and EPS, suggesting that efficient management of accounts receivables has a significant impact on financial performance. Conversely, accounts payable management (APM) exhibits a positive but non-significant effect. Inventory management (INVM) and cash conversion cycle (CCC) are positively related to EPS, with CCC and cash conversion efficiency (CCE) having significant effects. In the short run, the error correction model (ECM) indicates a negative and significant impact of deviations in accounts receivable management and cash conversion cycle on EPS. The study recommends among others that organizations focus on enhancing short-term corrective measures, such as agile and responsive strategies in accounts receivables, to ensure immediate and efficient impacts on financial performance.
Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia
Authors: Kokrasvili Anna ,   Department of Obstetrics, School of Health and Welfare Sciences, University of Western Attica, Athens, Greece, Harizopoulou Vikentia ,   1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Papageorgiou General Hospital Thessaloniki, Greece, Bolou Angeliki ,   School of Health Sciences, Institute for Lifecourse Development: Centre for Chronic Illness and Ageing, Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, London, UK, Gourounti Kleanthi ,   Department of Obstetrics, School of Health and Welfare Sciences, University of Western Attica, Athens, Greece
Published: January 2024

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disease that occurs during pregnancy in 3 to 8% of pregnancies worldwide. This disease causes significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This article attempts to understand the pathophysiological mechanism of preeclampsia, which appears to result from a complex interaction between maternal and fetal factors and affects multiple organ systems. A central role in pre-eclampsia appears to be abnormal placentation with subsequent excess of anti-angiogenic factors and malabsorption. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathophysiology of preeclampsia to better understand the disease, more appropriate treatment, and reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
The Effects of Static Stretching and Muscle Energy Technique (MET) for Young Adults with Hamstring Tightness
Authors: Ahmad Faizan , Irfan Afia , Samad Maria , Sattar Munifa , Shehzadi Maham , Atif Aaliyan
Published: January 2024

Background: Hamstring tightness is a common issue among young adults, often leading to decreased flexibility and a higher risk of injury, particularly in individuals who are physically active. The efficacy of Muscle Energy Techniques (METs) and static stretching in treating this condition has been debated, with mixed outcomes reported in the literature.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of METs and static stretching on hamstring flexibility in young adults, providing evidence-based insights for clinical practice in physical therapy.
Methods: A Randomized Clinical Trial was conducted with 60 healthy adults (age 18-32 years) experiencing prolonged hamstring tightness, split into two groups: an experimental group receiving METs and a control group undergoing static stretching. Data were collected using the Active Knee Extension Test (AKET) and the Straight Leg Raise (SLR) Test to evaluate hamstring flexibility pre- and post-intervention. The study took place in multiple clinical settings, and participants were randomly assigned to either intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, with a significance level set at p<0.05.
Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in hamstring flexibility. The experimental group demonstrated an increase in AKET from a mean of 43.36 (pre-treatment) to 84.83 (post-treatment), and in SLR from a mean of 64.23 to 85.93 (p<0.001). The control group also showed improvement, with AKET rising from a mean of 47.50 to 75.76, and SLR from 62.76 to 75.43 (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The study concluded that both METs and static stretching are effective for improving hamstring flexibility. METs may have a slight edge in efficacy, but static stretching also significantly enhances flexibility, supporting its continued use in clinical practice. These findings can guide physical therapists in selecting appropriate treatment strategies for hamstring tightness in young adults.
The Efficacy of Different Oral Hygiene Interventions in Preventing Periodontitis: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Khan Obaidullah , Asim Saima , Naz Shikoh , Tahir Araib , Urooj Mehwish , Feroze Hafsa
Published: January 2024

Background: Periodontitis, a major oral health issue, is closely linked to oral hygiene practices and systemic health conditions. Understanding the effectiveness of various oral hygiene strategies and their association with systemic diseases is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment protocols.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of oral hygiene habits (tooth brushing, flossing, and mouthwash use) and the presence of systemic conditions (hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease) on the risk of periodontitis.
Methods: In this retrospective study, dental records from 500 patients treated for periodontitis at a single dental clinic were analyzed. Data on oral hygiene habits and systemic health conditions were collected. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between oral hygiene practices and periodontitis, controlling for demographic factors and medical history. Odds ratios were calculated to determine the risk association. SPSS software, version 25.0, was used for statistical analysis, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.
Results: The average age of participants was 55.3 years, with a predominance of males (60%). In terms of oral hygiene, 64.4% brushed their teeth twice daily, 46.4% flossed occasionally, and 39.2% used mouthwash occasionally. Those brushing less than once a day had 2.3 times higher odds (95% CI: 1.6-3.3) of periodontitis compared to those brushing more frequently. Participants who never flossed had 3.8 times higher odds (95% CI: 2.6-5.4) of developing periodontitis than daily flossers. Hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease were associated with higher odds of periodontitis, at 1.9 (95% CI: 1.2-3.0), 2.4 (95% CI: 1.6-3.6), and 2.2 (95% CI: 1.3-3.7) times, respectively.
Conclusion: Regular oral hygiene practices significantly reduce the risk of periodontitis. Additionally, systemic conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis. These findings underscore the importance of integrated oral and systemic health management.
Effects of Hop Stabilization versus Balance Training on Disability and Balance in Chronic Ankle Instability among Basketball Players
Authors: Mukhtar Rafia , Ahmad Ahsan , Iftikahr Faria , Sajjad Yasha , Asad Muhammad Tauseef , Zukhruf Zunaira
Published: January 2024

Background: Ankle sprains, which often lead to chronic ankle instability (CAI), are common within the young, athletic population, particularly among basketball players. Rehabilitation programs frequently employ hop stabilization and balance training to mitigate the complications associated with CAI. This research was undertaken to compare the effectiveness of these two training approaches in improving disability and balance in affected individuals.
Objective: The study aimed to evaluate and contrast the impact of hop stabilization versus balance training on disability and balance in basketball players with CAI.
Methods: The randomized clinical trial was conducted at Ranger’s Teaching Hospital in Lahore, targeting young basketball players aged between 25 to 35 years with a history of recurrent ankle sprains and at least 8 months of playing experience. Through a non-probability convenient sampling technique, the participants were randomized into two groups: Group A underwent 6 weeks of hop stabilization training in addition to general training, while Group B participated in 6 weeks of balance training coupled with their general training regimen. The efficacy of these interventions was quantified using the Star Excursion Balance Test, Functional Ankle Disability Index, Functional Ankle Ability Measure questionnaire, and Multiple Single Leg Hop Stabilization Test (MSLHST).
Results: Post-training assessments within groups indicated significant enhancements in disability and balance scores, with p-values below 0.05, suggesting notable improvements. However, when comparing the two groups, the Functional Ankle Ability Measure, Ankle Disability Index, and Star Excursion Balance Test showed no significant differences, with p-values exceeding 0.05. Notably, the MSLHST exhibited a significant contrast, with Group B showing a mean score decrease from 10.7857 to 5.7857, reflecting a 46% improvement, whereas Group A displayed a reduction in mean score from 13.625 to 11.7, a 14% enhancement, resulting in a significant p-value of 0.0289.
Conclusion: The study concluded that balance training surpasses hop stabilization training in terms of efficacy, significantly improving balance and reducing disability in basketball players with chronic ankle instability.
Long-Term Outcomes of Non-surgical versus Surgical Treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Khan Javed Hassan Raza , Sharif Zarqa , Sajid Muhammad , Ikram Meerab , Mahmood Usama , Yousaf Faraya
Published: January 2024

Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common condition that significantly impacts patients' quality of life and work productivity. While both non-surgical and surgical treatments are employed, there is a lack of consensus regarding the most effective management strategy.

Objective: This study aims to compare the outcomes of non-surgical and surgical treatments for CTS, focusing on symptom severity, functional status, and patient satisfaction.

Methods: This observational cohort study included 74 participants, with 37 in each treatment group (non-surgical and surgical). Demographic data, including age, gender, occupation, and hand dominance, were recorded. Clinical parameters assessed were duration and severity of CTS symptoms, previous treatments, and comorbid conditions. The non-surgical group underwent treatments like wrist splinting, NSAIDs, and physical therapy, while the surgical group underwent decompression surgery. Outcomes measured included frequency and severity of symptoms, impact on daily activities, and satisfaction with treatment outcomes. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics to compare between groups.

Results: The average age was 50 ± 9 years in the non-surgical group and 52 ± 8 years in the surgical group, with a predominance of females in both. The non-surgical group showed higher frequency and severity of symptoms, with daily symptoms reported by 76.1% of patients, compared to 44.4% in the surgical group. Severity of pain was higher in the non-surgical group (5.8 out of 10) than in the surgical group (2.8 out of 10). Satisfaction with surgical outcomes was high, with all patients in the surgical group reporting satisfaction despite a 100% rate of postoperative complications.

Conclusion: The study indicates that surgical treatment for CTS may be more effective in reducing symptom severity and improving patient satisfaction compared to non-surgical methods. However, the high rate of postoperative complications in the surgical group necessitates careful consideration and patient counselling regarding treatment choices.

Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Non-surgical Treatment, Surgical Treatment, Patient Outcomes, Symptom Severity, Treatment Satisfaction
Prevalence of Migraine Headache in Pakistan – A Systematic Review
Authors: Jamali Yasir Akbar , Khan Hira Saeed , Channa Rizwan , Khuhro Ali Bux , Shaikh Abdul Sami , Chandio Zahid Hussain
Published: January 2024

Background: Migraine, a prevalent type of headache, significantly impacts social and professional functionality due to its high frequency and associated morbidities. This debilitating condition affects various demographics, including university and medical students, and poses a considerable health challenge in Pakistan.
Objective: This systematic review aims to establish the prevalence of migraine among different population groups in Pakistan.
Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), PakMediNet, and ScienceDirect. The search focused on literature published from 2001 to 2023, including cross-referencing article citations.
Results: A total of 19 studies were analyzed, highlighting that Karachi city had the highest reported number of migraineurs (3,089 individuals, including 268 medical students). Lahore City followed with 516 cases (452 among general university students). Rawalpindi City reported 201 cases. A nationwide survey indicated 393 migraine incidents. Additionally, Faisalabad, Bahawalpur, and Peshawar reported 175 physicians and medical students, 28 general university students, and 155 medical students with migraines, respectively.
Conclusion: The prevalence of migraine is notably high within the Pakistani population, particularly among university and medical students.
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety in Sublay versus Onlay Mesh Repair for Para-Umbilical Hernia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Babar Yaseen , Shah Monawar , Ullah Raza
Published: January 2024

Background: Ventral hernias, either spontaneous or post-surgical, represent a significant challenge in surgical practice. The recurrence rates after primary tissue repair, especially in larger hernias, necessitate the use of tension-free mesh repairs. However, the choice between onlay and sublay mesh repair methods remains a subject of debate, with each technique having its own set of advantages and drawbacks.
Objective: The study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of sublay versus onlay mesh repair techniques in the treatment of ventral hernias, with a focus on postoperative complications, pain, and treatment success rates.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted from May 2023 to October 2023 at multiple surgical centers. It involved 120 patients, aged 18 to 70 years, undergoing ventral hernia repair. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A (60 patients) receiving onlay mesh repair and Group B (60 patients) receiving sublay mesh repair. The study assessed postoperative complications, including seroma, wound infection, and pain using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), as well as overall treatment efficacy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, with a p-value of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age in Group A was 40.90±11.56 years, and in Group B, 40.55±11.63 years. Group A comprised 41.7% males and 58.3% females, while Group B had 46.7% males and 53.3% females. In Group A, seroma developed in 10%, wound infection in 15%, and postoperative pain in 18.3% of patients. Group B reported seroma in 3.3%, wound infection in 3.3%, and postoperative pain in 6.7%. The effectiveness of the treatment was 80% in Group A and 93.3% in Group B, with a notable difference in complication rates and success between the groups.
Conclusion: The sublay mesh repair technique demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of lower complication rates and higher treatment efficacy compared to the onlay method. This suggests that the sublay approach may be more advantageous for ventral hernia repair, offering better patient outcomes with fewer postoperative complications.
Complications of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy by Using Four Ports: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Shah Monawar , Babar Yaseen , Ullah Raza , Mumtaz Mohsin
Published: January 2024

Background: Obesity is a global health issue, with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) emerging as a key surgical intervention. The use of a four-port approach in LSG is prevalent, yet it necessitates an evaluation of its safety and the scope of postoperative complications.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the complications associated with the use of four ports in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Methods: Conducted at Mumtaz Surgimed Hospital in Vehari, Punjab, this descriptive study involved thirty patients undergoing LSG with a four-port approach from May 1st to October 30th, 2023. The study assessed postoperative complications, with patients' BMI, comorbidities, and demographic data also considered.
Results: Participants had a mean age of 48.53 ± 5.91 years, with females comprising 63.3% and males 36.7%. Postoperative complications included gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in 5 patients (16.7%), dyspepsia in 4 (13.3%), pulmonary issues in 2 (6.7%), bleeding in 3 (10%), and gastric stenosis in 1 (3.3%). There was a notable reduction in BMI from 47.69 ± 4.24 kg/m² to 40.03 ± 3.31 kg/m².
Conclusion: The four-port laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a relatively safe surgical option for obesity treatment, with a low incidence of postoperative complications.
Analysis of Correlation of Periodontal Disorders with Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Shoukat Shagufta , Kandhro Rehmatullah , Jafferi Ali Asghar , Gohar Muhammad , Brohi Kulsoom , Siddiqui Amanullah
Published: January 2024

Background: Periodontal disease is caused by pathological damage to periodontal tissues, evident through increased gingival sulcus depth and bleeding gums. Its etiology includes local factors such as plaque, calculus, cavities, and poor dental hygiene, as well as systemic causes like hormonal shifts, diabetes, and blood disorders.
Objective: This study aims to correlate periodontal disorders with Hepatitis C infection.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Institute of Dentistry, LUMHS Jamshoro. Two hundred participants were selected using non-probability convenient sampling, comprising 100 cases infected with the Hepatitis C virus and 100 controls without Hepatitis C. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0, employing Student's t-test and Chi-square test for evaluating continuous and categorical variables, respectively.
Results: The Mean± SD of cases and controls was 41.7±7.31 and 40.9±5.6 years respectively (p=0.076). Of the 100 cases, 57% were male and 43% female, while in the control group, 61% were male and 39% female. Seventy-one percent of cases reported not brushing their teeth. The frequency of brushing techniques such as straight, circular, and up-down motions was observed in 34% and 45%, 54% and 47%, & 12% and 8% of cases and controls, respectively (p=0.001).
Conclusion: This study indicates a high prevalence of periodontal disease among individuals infected with Hepatitis C. Given the prevalence of Hepatitis C infection in the population, further research is recommended regarding the oral health of HCV-infected patients.
Decline of Ideology and Rise of Political Pragmatism Among Kiai in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia
Authors: Maram Ahmad Nabilul , Busyairi Ahmad , Assidiqi Muhammad Raqib
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the significant role of pesantren in Indonesian politics. Pesantren institutions substantially influence shaping political perspectives, recruiting leaders, and organizing communities. During the New Order era, some pesantren supported the government to maintain political stability, while others were involved in Islamic political movements opposing the regime. Following the political reform in 1998, pesantren became more actively engaged in practical politics by supporting specific candidates or political parties and promoting Islamic values in political discourse. The research employs a qualitative method, analyzing relevant documents and literature and discussing the history of pesantren in Indonesian politics. It highlights the phenomenon of political pragmatism among kiai (Islamic scholars) and its impact on political dynamics. Pesantren and Kiai are central in shaping political perspectives, mobilizing the masses, and influencing policy-making.
Spiral of Violence: A Critical Analysis of The Genealogy of Islamophobia
Authors: Imam Mohammad Fuyudun Niam , Samudra Fawes , Solahudin Muhammad
Published: January 2024

The rise of terrorism by extremist groups with religious backgrounds and the development of Islamophobia in the West after 9/11 are essential issues that need to be addressed. After the WTC incident in 2001, the US declared a "war on terror," which has implications for the bad sentiment of Western society towards Islam, which has led to many acts of discrimination and violence against Muslims in the West. There are still few studies that analyze the relationship between religious fundamentalism-extremism and the development of Islamophobia in the West. This study uses a qualitative approach with secondary data analysis from various sources related to the topic discussed.   It was found that propaganda and hateful rhetoric, as well as acts of violence by extremist Muslim groups, helped trigger and strengthen Islamophobia in the West. From the perspective of the spiral of violence theory, the 9/11 terrorist act also gave birth to other violence in the form of military attacks and discrimination against Muslims. Acts of terrorism by Muslim fundamentalists and Islamophobia in the West influence each other in an ongoing cycle of violence. Efforts to prevent terrorism and deradicalization, as well as religious tolerance education, are needed to break this cycle of violence. We recommend further research with a quantitative approach to empirically analyze the impact of acts of terrorism on incidents of Islamophobia.
The Concept of Prohibiting "Approaching Adultery" and Efforts to Avoid it from the Perception of Generation Z
Authors: Khoiroh Himmatul
Published: January 2024

This research represents the concept of prohibiting "approaching adultery" and efforts to stay away from it, according to the perception of Generation Z (often shortened to Gen Z), colloquially known as Zoomers. Currently, there is a proliferation of relationships between men and women who have feelings of love but without marital status. This research uses qualitative methods with the type of field research or field research with data collection techniques carried out using interviews and questionnaires. This research was conducted by several respondents in various areas in Sidoarjo, including Sidoarjo, Sukodono, and Prambon subdistricts. The statements used during the interview show that Generation Z has different views regarding the prohibition on approaching adultery. Generation Z, who are firm in their stance with the thoughts and knowledge gained in Islamic Boarding Schools and a supportive environment, will not influence their views regarding the prohibition of adultery, even though Generation Z is developing in a world of technology that is developing rapidly, most of them have a circle that builds a good identity.  On the other hand, Generation Z, who have a non-Islamic boarding school background, feel that behavior approaching adultery is normal.
Exploration of Business Model of Intangible Cultural Heritage Culture Based on Rural Revitalization Strategy: A Case Study of Fuyang Embroidery
Authors: Tan Huiqin , Gu Xiaoying , Hu Yashi , Li Deyu
Published: January 2024

As an intangible cultural heritage of Anhui Province, Fuyang embroidery has strong local characteristics and aesthetic value. However, due to the transformation of modern aesthetic needs, the impact of mechanized large-scale production and other factors, the market-oriented operation of Fuyang embroidery is difficult and declined. With the party and the country's emphasis on intangible cultural heritage and the emphasis on the inheritance and innovation of intangible cultural heritage, it provides new ideas for Fuyang embroidery. Therefore, this paper explores the business model of Fuyang embroidery based on the rural revitalization strategy, from the Internet+ professional platform exhibition, digital promotion, and cultural core connotation The four aspects of financial support are discussed in order to provide a development path for the commercial operation of Fuyang embroidery and realize the connection between tradition and modernity.