bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Russian-Turkmen Struggle Over Ashuradeh Island in the Caspian Sea in 19th Century
Authors: Külünk Furkan
Published: August 2024

From the 19th century onwards, Tsarist Russia began to dominate a wide area in Turkestan through economic and military incursions. While it carried out commercial activities in the coastal cities and peninsulas in the west and east of the Caspian Sea, it also went on to capture these regions, building military bases at strategic points. One place that the Russians considered of vital importance to capture was Ashuradeh Island. Located in the south of the Caspian Sea, this island, which facilitated access to Iran and Turkestan, was close to many trading ports, as well as being of crucial importance militarily. While the Russians were initially engaged in commercial activities there, they soon seized this region and turned it into a base. From 1838 onwards two distinct developments compounded Russian objectives in the area: on the one hand, conflicts between the Russian naval forces and the Yamut Turkmens, the indigenous people of the island; on the other, a diplomatic crisis between the Russian and Iranian governments. This study analyses the process of the occupation of Ashuradeh Island by Tsarist Russia, the conflicts between the Yamut Turkmens and Tsarist Russia from 1836 to 1873, the development of Russian influence on the island vis-à-vis Iran, and the general situation of the Turkmens during this period. Using British archival materials, personal notes of Russian soldiers and ambassadorial reports, this study evaluates the effects of the occupation of Ashuradeh Island, which served as an important base for Tsarist Russia’s military activities in Turkestan, on Russia, Iran, Britain and the Turkmens in the region.
E-learning para enfermeiros sobre processo de medicação com medicamentos injetáveis de ação vasoativa
Authors: Fernandes Bruno César , Renovato Rogério Dias , Fontoura Júnior Eduardo Espíndola
Published: August 2024

A segurança na atenção à saúde é um princípio básico e indicador da qualidade do cuidado e a segurança do paciente relacionada ao Processo de Medicação (PM) é uma das prioridades. O PM com Medicamentos Injetáveis de Ação Vasoativa (MIAVAs) é corriqueiramente implementado no âmbito da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva adulto, sendo este o objeto de estudo da presente pesquisa. Objetivo: avaliar o E-learning para enfermeiros sobre o PM com MIAVAs. Métodos: Trata-se de uma Pesquisa de Natureza Interventiva que utilizou a abordagem da metodologia da Pesquisa Baseada em Design (PBD) apoiado no caminho percorrido por Bittencourt e Struchiner que provém do ciclo de quatro fases descrito por Reeves: análise do problema educativo; desenvolvimento do produto educativo; intervenção e avaliação; e, análise retrospectiva para produzir princípios de design. A matriz teórica para a análise de toda a investigação foi ancorada no modelo de desenvolvimento de competências clínicas na enfermagem, de Patrícia Benner. Para estruturar o e-learning foi utilizado o ciclo de aprendizagem experiencial de David Kolb. A matriz do design instrucional planejada, foi apoiada nas contribuições de Andrea Filatro e Sabrina Cairo. A avaliação dos estudantes foi processual, sendo utilizados os modelos de feedback descritos por John Hattie e Helen Timperley. Resultados: O e-learning foi formado por três módulos desenvolvidos a partir dos resultados da primeira fase da PBD, apoiado em diferentes teorias e princípios de aprendizagem (tecnologia da informação e comunicação, enfermagem, educação) que deram suporte para a análise da intervenção educativa. Foram adotadas diferentes estratégias pedagógicas (leitura de texto expositivo, estudo de caso, vídeo, fórum), de mediação (mensagem por e-mail, chats no menu do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem, grupo de WhatsApp) e avaliação (feedback, reflexão do estudo de caso, fórum, podcast, escala de reação). O ciclo da PBD produziu 13 princípios de design, dos quais oito refletiram a potencialidade e cinco apontaram as fragilidades/dificuldades do e-learning na aprendizagem. Conclusão: O processo de desenvolvimento e implementação do e-learning foram documentados e analisados, gerando princípios de design para um novo ciclo de PBD. A PBD, bem como o e-learning foram avaliados formativamente por meio de feedbacks, oportunizando a qualificação dos estudantes, em relação ao tema proposto, fomentando o desenvolvimento e aquisição de competências clínicas pelos enfermeiros implicados no PM com MIAVAs, convergindo para uma prática segura, tanto aos profissionais como para os usuários de saúde.
Информационно-консультационная поддержка субъектов агропромышленного комплекса в сфере повышения производительности труда
Authors: Епанчинцев В. Ю. , Шумакова О. В.
Published: August 2024

Монография посвящена вопросам информационно-консультационной поддержки субъектов агропромышленного комплекса по повышению производительности труда. В ней рассматриваются теоретические и практические аспекты содержания и экономической эффективности консультационной помощи со стороны Федерального и региональных центров компетенций в сфере производительности труда. Анализируется эффективность консалтинговой поддержки предприятий агропромышленного комплекса по снижению трудоемкости продукции в Сибирском федеральном округе. Данное исследование представляет интерес для руководителей и специалистов предприятий агропромышленного комплекса; преподавателей вузов; экономистов-практиков; студентов, обучающихся по направлениям подготовки: «Экономика», «Менеджмент», а также для всех интересующихся вопросами экономической эффективности аграрного бизнеса.
Pour une histoire des archives familiales des nobles savoyards au château ( xiii e - xv e siècle).
Authors: Briffaz Florentin
Published: August 2024

La présente contribution entend proposer une lecture des archives familiales de la noblesse médiévale savoyarde. Il convient d’abord de repérer la part de documents élaborés dans les châteaux, lieux de résidence privilégiés pour le groupe aristocratique (exemple notamment des testaments) avant de voir quelles sont les pièces d'archives qui sont conservées in situ à l'époque médiévale. L’étude des inventaires rédigés à cette période éclaire la constitution de dépôts, d’espaces de conservation pas toujours spécialisés mais aussi les circulations de manuscrits d’une demeure à une autre, traduisant une deuxième vie pour les archives.
La politique au parvis
Authors: Brücker Pauline
Published: August 2024

En Égypte comme dans de nombreux autres pays du monde, le rôle du Haut-Commissariat aux Réfugiés des Nations Unies (HCR) dans la vie quotidienne des personnes exilées est central, ce dont attestent les venues régulières de certains de ses membres. Pourtant, les bureaux de l’organisation et de ses partenaires font l’objet d’une sécurisation qui les met à distance et réduit les possibilités d’interactions. Le guichet, lieu théoriquement central de ces rencontres administratives, est alors remplacé par le parvis, espace situé devant les bâtiments de l’organisation rendus de fait quasi inaccessibles, où sont confiné·es les exilé·es. Lieu d’entre-soi dont sont absents les agents administratifs, le parvis devient ainsi un lieu où l’on échange, socialise et apprend des parcours des uns et des autres. Ces mises en commun des expériences favorisent la prise en compte de failles structurelles dans le fonctionnement du gouvernement de l’asile et l’émergence d’une critique politique qui se traduit parfois en manifestations ou occupations du parvis. Adoptant un cadre théorique mêlant étude par le bas de la politique humanitaire internationale et rapport au politique des populations subalternes, cet article montre que le parvis, produit par ces dispositifs de mise à distance, de soumission à l’attente et de dépolitisation, induit en réalité une politisation inattendue des expériences de l’exil.
Les violences « anti-flics » : gestion étatique et (dé)légitimation
Authors: Codaccioni Vanessa
Published: August 2024

Les violences contre les forces de l’ordre suscitent ces dernières années des stratégies de scandalisation croisées, notamment lors de mouvements sociaux d’ampleur donnant lieu à des affrontements entre police et manifestant·es. À partir d’une enquête menée au tribunal de grande instance de Paris et d’une étude de soixante-sept affaires d’infractions à dépositaire de l’autorité publique (outrage, rébellion, violences), cet article porte sur l’usage manifestant de la force contre la police et la gendarmerie pendant le mouvement des Gilets jaunes. Il analyse à la fois les conditions des passages à l’acte « anti-flics » lors des divers actes parisiens, leur (dé)légitimation et leur répression, tout comme les interactions entre Gilets jaunes et agents des forces de l’ordre lors de chacune des étapes répressives : au moment de l’arrestation, de la garde à vue, et du procès.
La Mer des histoires . Genèse et dynamiques éditoriales de l’édition de Pierre Le Rouge
Authors: Maulu Marco
Published: August 2024

La Mer des histoires est une chronique universelle publiée pour la première fois en deux volumes par Pierre Le Rouge en 1488 et en 1489. Il s’agit d’une traduction du traité médiolatin intitulé Rudimentum noviciorum (1473). Si le volume est considéré comme l’un des plus beaux livres illustrés du xv e  siècle, le contenu du texte français demeure méconnu. L’objectif de la présente contribution est de reconstruire la genèse éditoriale de la Mer des histoires à travers une analyse de la section intitulée Des additions du translateur tirees des croniques de France , insérée par le traducteur au début du premier volume, et à travers une collation partielle entre les editiones principes sur papier et sur vélin.
A reliable analytic technique and physical interpretation for the two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Abdelrahman Mahmoud A. E. , Alayachi H. S.
Published: August 2024

Nonlinear Schrödinger equations are a key paradigm in nonlinear research, attracting both mathematical and physical attention. This work was primarily concerned with the usage of a reliable analytic technique in order to solve two models of (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equations. By applying a comprehensible wave transformation, every nonlinear model was simplified to an ordinary differential equation. A number of critical solutions were observed that correlated to various parameters. The provided approach has various advantages, including reducing difficult computations and succinctly presenting key results. Some 2D and 3D graphical representations regarding presented solitons were considered for the appropriate values of the parameters. We also showed the effect of the physical parameters on the dynamical behavior of the presented solutions. Finally, the proposed approach may be expanded to tackle increasingly complicated problems in applied science.
etnografia da Comic Con Experience:
Authors: Da Silva Leonardo Soares
Published: August 2024

Diante de comportamentos dos participantes da CCXP que remetiam a uma celebração, o artigo reflete se o evento é uma festa. A partir da etnografia realizada na tese do autor, o estudo mostra que a CCXP pode ser considerada como tal, pois promove a superação das distâncias, produz um estado de efervescência coletiva diante das referências a elementos de narrativas de filmes, séries, quadrinhos, livros e games e gera estados extra lógicos, extra temporais e extraordinários, características abordadas por Émile Durkheim em sua definição do conceito. Acrescenta ainda que, diante de sua capacidade em gerar sentidos a partir de nexos oriundos de mediações, esta festa, além de aspectos sociais, constitui-se também de aspectos comunicacionais.
Do privado ao público:
Authors: Silva Terezinha , Araujo Thais , Ojeda Lynara
Published: August 2024

O artigo analisa se e em que medida as falas de filhas e filhos de vitimas de feminicídios publicadas em relatos jornalísticos podem colaborar para deslocar para a esfera pública as violências ocorridas no âmbito privado e/ou familiar, contribuindo para ampliar a percepção social sobre o feminicídio como um crime de gênero. Partimos de uma discussão sobre as fontes de informação na cobertura jornalística de feminicídios, a relação entre vulnerabilidade e resistência proposta por Butler (2019) e dados indicando que filhas(os) geralmente presenciam e até vivenciam o ciclo de violências que antecede o feminicídio. O corpus é constituído por 12 relatos publicados pela rede NSC Comunicação, no período entre 2015 e 2021, nos quais aparecem depoimentos de filhos(as) com idade superior a 15 anos. A análise mostra que as falas deslocam, do âmbito privado para o público,  a existência do ciclo de violências que antecede o feminicídio. No entanto, a violência de gênero não é problematizada nos relatos jornalísticos.
 Palavras-chave: Cobertura jornalística; violência de gênero; fontes de informação.
Harnessing Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Sustainable Environmental Solutions
Authors: Biswas Hari Shankar , Kundu Amit Kumar , Poddar Sandeep
Published: August 2024

Carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNMs), including graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), fullerenes, and nanodiamonds, are poised to revolutionize sustainable environmental applications. Graphene's unparalleled mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal properties make it crucial for water purification and energy storage. CNTs, with their exceptional tensile strength, conductivity, and chemical stability, are vital in pollution control and energy conversion. Fullerenes, noted for their electronic properties and high reactivity, excel in environmental remediation. Nanodiamonds offer exceptional hardness, thermal conductivity, and biocompatibility, promising applications from soil remediation to biomedical engineering. However, challenges such as toxicity, cost, and scalability must be addressed. Future research should focus on overcoming these hurdles and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration to fully harness CBNMs for sustainable solutions.
Harnessing Carbon Nanomaterials for Next-Generation Environmental Sensing
Authors: Mangaiyarkkarasi J. , J. Shanthalakshmi Revathy
Published: August 2024

In environmental monitoring, the need for advanced sensing technologies to detect and quantify pollutants is growing. Carbon nanomaterials are transformative tools due to their high surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and chemical robustness. This chapter explores their use in next-generation environmental sensing applications such as CNTs detecting gases, heavy metals, and organic compounds, and graphene achieving ultra-sensitive detection with fast response times for real-time monitoring. Recent breakthroughs in sensor design and fabrication are discussed, including functionalization techniques and novel architectures that enhance performance. Integrating these sensors into scalable networks facilitates real-time environmental monitoring. In conclusion, leveraging carbon nanomaterials' unique properties and advancing sensor technologies holds immense potential for revolutionizing environmental monitoring. Continued interdisciplinary research is essential to fully realize their potential.
Advancements in Filtration Technologies for Air and Water Pollution Control
Authors: Richa  , Gadgil Aashish. A. , Das Abhijeet , Ashokkumar P. , Munjal Neha , Periasamy J. K.
Published: August 2024

In this chapter, conventional and advanced filtration technologies, which are particularly tailored to tackle the problems of air and water pollution in India, are explored. Novel techniques such as gravity filtration, sand filtration, multimedia filtration, membrane filtration, activated carbon filtration, and electrostatic precipitation have been explored to analyze and make technical changes. The advanced filtration technologies have been discussed to apply and solve the strong mitigation measures. The technical, economic, and regulatory aspects of filtration technology have also been discussed. Implementation strategies for filtration technology have been discussed, using existing technologies to be efficient in addressing pollution problems. The environmental regulations (policies, laws, and rules) procedures are designed to preserve environmental resources and sustainable developments. The best practices have also been described to learn the existing methods and procedures.
Bio-Medical Applications of Carbon-Based Materials
Authors: Aytar Erdi Can , Torunoğlu Emine İncilay , Aydın Betül , Durmaz Alper
Published: August 2024

Carbon-based materials are indispensable in various scientific fields due to their unique chemical, mechanical, thermal, and biological properties. The ability of carbon atoms to form strong covalent bonds with other substances allows for widespread applications of materials such as graphene, diamond, amorphous carbon, and fullerenes in biomedicine as inert coating materials. Carbon nanostructures offer new possibilities in biomedical sciences, tissue engineering, automotive technology, and the fuel industry. Integration of nanotechnology with carbon materials enhances their inherent properties, resulting in materials with extraordinary characteristics such as lightweight, strength, durability, and superior thermal and electrical conductivity. This chapter provides a concise overview of recent academic research exploring the utilization of carbon materials in biomedical sciences, emphasizing the synergistic effects of nanotechnology on carbon properties and its implications for various industries
Innovative Approaches to Sustainable E-Waste Management Through Bio-Based Products
Authors: HP Jai Shanker Pillai , Latif Akam Dler , Saeed Daban Noori Hama , Shinde Venkat M. , Dillibabu Surrya Prakash , Suganthi D.
Published: August 2024

In this chapter, the e-waste challenges and environmental impacts of the proliferation of electronic gadgets to save the environment and human health have been discussed. Conventional techniques such as incineration and landfilling exacerbate resource depletion and pollution. The utilization of bio-based products for sustainable e-waste management emphasizes how biotechnological methods have been employed to minimize environmental impacts. The various limitations of conventional waste management techniques as well as the effects of e-waste creation on the environment are also elaborated. The viability, affordability, and marketability of cutting-edge technologies for incorporating bio-based goods into e-waste treatment have been illustrated in this chapter.
Learning Style Preferences of Business Students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Rajapakshe Wasantha
Published: August 2024

This chapter describes different types of learning style models It further explores Saudi Arabian business students' behavior regarding their preferences for different learning styles, as defined by the VAK learning styles model. 138 respondents who registered for theoretical courses and 128 for mathematical courses participated in the study. The data was gathered using a VAK modality questionnaire. The analysis indicated an apparent inclination towards multimodal learning compared to unimodal learning, with visual learning being the most favored unimodal mode. Moreover, the results of the independent sample t-test reveal no statistically significant difference in preferences among students enrolled in theoretical modules and those enrolled in mathematical modules.
Addressing Academic Stress
Authors: Rajapakshe Wasantha
Published: August 2024

Saudi Arabia's higher education policies have propelled a surge in female enrollment, mitigating female unemployment and bolstering the Saudization initiative. This surge in national education has curbed reliance on foreign institutions and facilitated access to higher education for local high school graduates. However, despite these advancements, student dropout rates and academic underperformance persist. This study investigates the influence of stressors on academic performance among female students in Saudi Arabia. Findings indicate that academic stress and stressors related to personality significantly affect academic performance, while stressors linked to career paths do not exhibit a similar impact.
Strategic Acquisition and Transformation
Authors: Yusuf Nadia
Published: August 2024

This chapter delves into Almarai's strategic acquisition of Premier Chef, illustrating the challenges and successes in this corporate scenario. As a key player in the GCC's food and beverage industry, Almarai aimed to diversify its portfolio and strengthen its market presence through expansion. The chapter begins with an in-depth exploration of the background to set the stage for the subsequent investigation of the Premier Chef acquisition in 2019. The case study demonstrates various business management approaches as Almarai navigated integrating disparate business models, revitalizing a loss-making entity, and leveraging this new asset for regional growth. It further examines the implementation strategies and the transformative impact of this acquisition on both Almarai and Premier Chef. Supported by supplementary data covering the financial performances of the parent company, the case study offers insights into the complexities of corporate acquisitions, strategic planning, and the critical role of adaptability in the business landscape.
BROWN Coffee and Bakery
Authors: Eng Sereikhuoch , Nong Kunkanel , Smith Brent
Published: August 2024

BROWN Coffee and Bakery is a locally owned and operated coffee brand in the Kingdom of Cambodia. Since its first store in 2009, it has elevated the coffee scene in Cambodia with high-quality specialty coffee drinks, baked goods, and foods served in uniquely designed store locations infused with the heritage and culture of the people. BROWN owns and operates all 40 outlets (and counting) across the nation, ultimately enabling the brand's success story to become synonymous with Cambodian hospitality. The question arises whether it is time for the brand to expand to other countries, and which might serve as its launch pad for international expansion. The case introduces concepts related to strategic brand management, market expansion, and consumer market analysis through the perspective of a fictitiously-named female-lead protagonist, Charm Leap, and her brand consulting unit.
Towards a comprehensive sustainable assessment of beef cattle systems: integrating bioeconomics and animal science
Authors: Kuhn Joana Gasparotto , Durante Mühl Diego , Costa Cainã Lima , Allegretti Gabriela , Oliveira Letícia de , Talamini Edson
Published: August 2024

Studies with bioeconomic modeling can be identified in animal science. However, there are distinct typologies associated with the term bioeconomy with different meanings and approaches. The present study aims to examine the Bioeconomy/Bioeconomics approaches used in animal science research and discuss the implications and benefits of integrating these areas of knowledge. The method consisted of systematic literature review with quantitative and qualitative analyzes of the content of articles obtained from the Scopus® database. In the process of searching and analyzing the articles, we defined beef cattle as representative of animal science. Followed the PRISMA Protocol guidelines. The results confirmed that the use of the term bioeconomic has been recurrent in this field of knowledge since 1994. However, the approach given to the term refers mainly to studies combining animal performance (bio) and economic returns (economic) because of variables of interest, evident in the set of indicators reported in the articles analyzed. Despite the relevance of these studies, we discuss some implications and reasons for adopting other bioeconomy approaches in animal science. We conclude that the integration between Bioeconomics and animal science can significantly broaden the scope of analysis, the what relevant to the contemporary challenges of promoting sustainable production systems.
Combinatorial impact of physico-chemical parameters and wastewater responses on freshwater fish (Rita rita) of river Ganga
Authors: Katiyar Shashwat
Published: August 2024

This work wass designed to analyze the possibility of heavy metals inducing oxidative stress and biochemical perturbations effect on fresh water fish and their impact directly or indirectly on the human race. Due to continuous drainage of municipal waste, tanneries, and pesticides in Ganga River, lifeline of millions of people is heavily affected. The physico-chemical qualities of Ganga River were analyzed in quarterly basis during year 2018 to 2021, by taking the freshwater sample of different locations in Kanpur. While collecting the sample water the average temperature 27.6°, DO value of selected locations were fairly poor with an average of DO 6.67 mg L-1 and BOD ranged from 11.93 to 20.79 mg L-1. On the other hand the BOD ranged from 11.93 to 20.79 mg L-1 which is far more than WHO standards. Additionally, levels of antioxidants in enzymatic and non-enzymatic tissues serve as proxies for fish exposure to oxidant pollutants. Higher physico-chemical responses indicate contaminants and heavy metals may be playing an important role that have to be considered. The heavy metals are affecting the antioxidant defense system particularly seen in liver and kidney of fish and this affect on kidney and liver functioning as the concentrations of heavy metals rises. The relation between enzymatic activity and the metabolite showing negatively correlation that is noted highly significant to this study (r = -0.87, t = 10.14, p* ≤0.05).
Physical characteristics of the hair coat of sows raised in free-range systems in a tropical environment
Authors: Nascimento Sheila Tavares , Mós João Victor do Nascimento , Murata Luci Sayori , Santos Vinicius Machado dos , Steidle Neto Antonio José , Oliveira Evandro Menezes de , Maia Alex Sandro Campos , Teixeira Bruno Emanoel , Parizotto Raquel , Silva Luana Freitas
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the hair coat characteristics of sows raised in a free-range system in a tropical climate and assess associations with effective radiative properties and thermal conductivity. Bristles were collected from December 2017 to April 2018 and evaluated for diameter (mm), length (mm), and density (bristles per cm2). From these data, the effective thermal conductivity, absorptivity, transmissivity, and reflectivity of the hair coat were determined. Sows were separated into four groups according to skin pigmentation and color parameters. The environment was characterized with regard to average air temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), and shortwave radiation (W m-2). The data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis. Bristle length (33 mm) and density (10 bristles cm-2) were lower in summer than in colder months (48 mm and 20 bristles cm-2, respectively). Effective absorptivity was higher and transmittance was lower in more pigmented sows, demonstrating a connection with protection against solar radiation. Therefore, the combination of a pigmented and dense coat seems to be ideal for pigs reared in free-range systems.
Feasibility of molasses-fermented banana peel as a protein source in practical diet for hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.): effect on growth and feed efficiency
Authors: Intharathat Bunrat , Ponza Pattareeya , Karaket Thuchapol
Published: August 2024

This study aims to increase the utilization of banana peels, a local agricultural by-product, by improving nutrient value and partially reducing the presence of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) as an alternative ingredient in fish feed. The feasibility of molasses-fermented banana peels (MFBP) as a protein source in a practical diet for hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) fries was investigated. Five isonitrogenous experimental diets containing 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, and 100% substitution levels of fish meal by MFBP were formulated. Twenty tilapia fries per group with three replicates were fed for eight weeks. The growth performance and feed efficiency values of fish were recorded and evaluated. Fish fed with 0, 25, and 50% MFBP levels showed significantly higher growth parameters, survival rate, and feed utilization efficiency than those fed with 75 and 100% MFBP levels. Although the control diet produced better growth performance and feed utilization efficiency than MFBP-based diets there was no significant difference between fish fed with the control diet and the low MFBP levels (0-50%) diet. Based on the present findings, it could be concluded that the molasses-fermented banana peels (MFBP) could efficiently replace the fishmeal by up to 50% without affecting the growth performance of red tilapia.
Growth performance and intestinal histology of juvenile pirarucu fed with increasing levels of soybean meal
Authors: Moro Giovanni Vitti , Rodrigues Ana Paula Oeda , Andrade Caniggia Lacerda , Paula Fernanda Gomes de , Café Marcos Barcelos
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of different levels of soybean meal in pirarucu’s diet. 200 pirarucu juveniles (152.15 ± 0.8 g) were distributed in 20 polyethylene tanks with a continuous water flow system. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with five treatments (n = 4) containing 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of soybean meal inclusion levels. Growth performance was measured as specific growth rate, feed conversion, weight gain and survival. Body composition, protein retention rate and histopathological changes in the intestine were analyzed. The different treatments did not affect weight gain, specific growth rate and survival. The body composition of the fish was affected by treatments for ash and ether extract and the IHS was also affected. The diet with 40% soybean meal compromised feed conversion rate. Additionally, the distal intestine of fish fed with the same diet showed a reduction in the height of mucosal folds and a loss of supranuclear vacuolation in enterocytes. Based on these results, the inclusion of up to 30% of soybean meal in the diet of juvenile pirarucu is possible without negative effects on performance and enteric morphology.
Thermal Analysis of Micro-Channel Internal Cooling in Cutting Tools: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Abid Aman , Hamza Syed Mohd , Alim Md Kashif , Muaz Muhammed , Hussain Shahid , Arif Sajjad
Published: August 2024

The use of coolants for cutting process in metal cutting operations is customary. Turning causes high cutting heat in nickel base super alloy Inconel 718. Nonetheless, it should be acknowledged that although flooding techniques are commonly used in the machining of super alloys, these flood cooling methods have extremely poor efficiencies. Another alternative to increase the cooling capabilities of fluids would be an internal-cooling approach that would enable to lower machining temperatures significantly. The heat dissipation ability in the tool is also greatly influenced by the micro-channel diameter of tool which further causes a significant effect on the coolant outlet velocity. A design of an internal-cooling single point cutting tool with micro channel structures for enhanced coolant heat transfer capability and reduced machining temperature is used for turning Inconel 718 under dry, flooded cooling and internal cooling to study the effects of cooling conditions on cutting force, cutting temperature and surface quality. A regression model is built using the Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) methods in machine learning framework. These models were then used to forecast input parameters, such as channel diameter and inlet pressure, which made it easier to obtain output data, such as pressure and maximum velocities at different notches. Eighty percent of the data in the dataset is used to train the model and with the remaining twenty percent set aside for evaluating the model's functionality. When comparing internal-cooling technology to traditional flood cooling, there are clear benefits including increased heat transfer efficiency, which leads to lower cutting temperatures, less cutting force, and better surface quality. More specifically, in the internal-cooling configuration, a direct relationship is shown between rising coolant inlet pressure and falling cutting force and temperature over time. Further highlighting the advantages of this cooling strategy is the relationship between increased intake pressure and decreased surface roughness.
Bond-Based Peridynamic Model for Tensile Deformation and Fracture of Polycarbonate and Polypropylene
Authors: Azizi Muhammad Azim , Azman Muhammad Amin , Norazak Muhammad Farhan Aqil , Fauzi Muhammad Amirul Hakim
Published: August 2024

Fracture mechanics has been a crucial aspect in the field of engineering science as technologies are rapidly growing nowadays. Various numerical methods have been developed to analyze fracture behaviour in different types of materials used in industries. Meanwhile, the application of polymers garners attention worldwide due to outstanding characteristics such as good strength, lightweight, and high temperature resistance, exemplified by polymers like polycarbonate (PC) and polypropylene (PP). Hence, failure aspects of such materials must be taken into consideration when conditions arise that may lead to failure, such as high-load impact, fatigue, and extreme temperatures. In this study, a bond-based Peridynamic model (PD) for the tensile behaviour, including fracture, of polymers has been developed. The PD model is constructed using the Centos software and encompasses both brittle and ductile fracture behaviours. Numerical results, including crack propagation, damage zone, and force-extension curves of notched specimens, are validated by comparison with experimental results of PC and PP. Through the validation process, PC specimens exhibit a difference percentage range for maximum load and rupture extension of 2.9% to 18.8% and 2.4% to 4.6%, respectively. PP specimens show a difference percentage range for maximum load and rupture extension of 31.2% to 43.5% and 0.9% to 30%, respectively. Consequently, the validation results indicate that the PD model for brittle specimens aligns more closely with experimental data compared to the PD model for ductile specimens.
UCHL1 Overexpression Is Related to the Aggressive Phenotype of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kim Chi Young , Lee Eun Hye , Kwak Se Hyun , Lee Sang Hoon , Kim Eun Young , Park Min Kyoung , Cha Yoon Jin , Chang Yoon Soo
Published: August 2024

Background: Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), which encodes thiol protease that hydrolyzes a peptide bond at the C-terminal glycine residue of ubiquitin, regulates cell differentiation, proliferation, transcriptional regulation, and numerous other biological processes and may be involved in lung cancer progression. UCHL1 is mainly expressed in the brain and plays a tumor-promoting role in a few cancer types; however, there are limited reports regarding its role in lung cancer.Methods: Single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing using 10X chromium v3 was performed on a paired normal-appearing and tumor tissue from surgical specimens of a patient who showed unusually rapid progression. To validate clinical implication of the identified biomarkers, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was performed on 48 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue specimens, and the correlation with clinical parameters was evaluated.Results: We identified 500 genes overexpressed in tumor tissue compared to those in normal tissue. Among them, UCHL1, brain expressed X-linked 3 (BEX3), and midkine (MDK), which are associated with tumor growth and progression, exhibited a 1.5-fold increase in expression compared to that in normal tissue. IHC analysis of NSCLC tissues showed that only UCHL1 was specifically overexpressed. Additionally, in 48 NSCLC specimens, UCHL1 was specifically upregulated in the cytoplasm and nuclear membrane of tumor cells. Multivariable logistic analysis identified several factors, including smoking, tumor size, and high-grade dysplasia, to be typically associated with UCHL1 overexpression. Survival analyses using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets revealed that UCHL1 overexpression is substantially associated with poor survival outcomes. Furthermore, a strong association was observed between UCHL1 expression and the clinicopathological features of patients with NSCLC.Conclusion: UCHL1 overexpression was associated with smoking, tumor size, and high-grade dysplasia, which are typically associated with a poor prognosis and survival outcome. These findings suggest that UCHL1 may serve as an effective biomarker of NSCLC.
Parametric Design Studies of the Helicopter Rotor Noise using Variable-Fidelity Methods
Authors:   German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rabe Dirk , Wilke Gunther
Published: August 2024

The current trend is to produce even quieter helicopters in order to increase public acceptance. While the ERATO and the from it evolved Blue Edge® blade show that noise reduction can be achieved through a specific blade design, the task to arrive at such a design is lengthy. It roughly took 25 years from the wind tunnel campaign by the inventing research organizations to the now flying H160 with this type of rotor design. In order to speed up the design process, it is necessary to quickly and accurately assess the quality of a given design. While a wide range of tools exists to predict rotorcraft noise, the validity as well as the accuracy per computational cost has not been fully evaluated. Recent CFD simulations are able to replicate the BVI noise event, yet are very costly in contrast to wake coupled comprehensive codes. This paper seeks the best method that fulfills the trade-off between speed and accuracy. Therefore, three different rotor wind tunnel models in descent flight are computed with six different methods. Afterwards, a selection of these methods is utilized in a parametric study to further see how well the different methods can identify the best blade design. The most favored method is a panel method coupled with a free wake model including structural modelling from a comprehensive code, while CFD is recommended only to check the final design.
Enhancing psychological support and communication in intensive care unit data transmission
Authors: Fiacco Giacomo , Catone Gennaro
Published: August 2024

Dear Editor,
We have read with great attention and interest the article "Clinical data transmission in intensive care unit: what have we learned from COVID-19?"1 by Pota et al. We believe that the authors have addressed a very important clinical and ethical aspect regarding the transmission of clinical data. The pandemic has taught us that unforeseen emergent events are still possible and that the global healthcare and economic systems may not be adequately prepared to respond. We agree that, to date, there is no precise regulation on the transmission of patient-related clinical data to families. This includes challenges such as identifying the appropriate recipient, the lack of qualified personnel for medical communication, and the use of uncertified channels that neglect data protection regulations. Additionally, we wish to draw attention to another crucial aspect: psychological support. Healthcare personnel often find themselves communicating severe clinical evaluations and sometimes unfavorable treatment outcomes. Some of the main challenges faced daily by operators in intensive care contexts involve continuous exposure to severe physical and psychological suffering, navigating uncertainty and unpredictability, and balancing the needs of the patient with those of their family. The complexity of current technological aspects introduces new challenges in this scenario.2 The lack of in-person communication could weaken the trust and empathy that should exist between healthcare personnel and the family. [...]
Ramped versus sniffing position for Ambu® AuraGainTM insertion in patients with obesity: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Jeong Hye-won , Bae Hong-Beom , Lee Leyeoin , Lee Woojeong , Kim Joungmin
Published: August 2024

Background: The ramped position facilitates mask ventilation and endotracheal intubation in patients with obesity. This study aimed to determine whether the ramped position improves supraglottic airway (SGA) insertion in patients with obesity.Methods: In this prospective, randomized, single-center trial, 48 obese patients undergoing elective surgery were randomized into either ramped or sniffing position groups. The Ambu® AuraGainTM (Ambu A/S), a second-generation SGA, was used. The primary outcome was the time required for the AuraGain insertion. Secondary outcomes included ease and number of insertion attempts, oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP), and complications. The number needed to treat (NNT) was calculated to ensure ease of insertion.Results: The time required for the AuraGain insertion was significantly shorter in the ramped group than in the sniffing group (13.0 [11.0, 16.0] vs. 24.0 [21.0, 28.0], P < 0.001). The insertion was easier in the ramped group than in the sniffing group (23/24 vs. 13/24, NNT = 2.4 [95% CI, 1.6, 5.0], P = 0.003). The first-attempt success rate was higher in the ramped group than in the sniffing group, although the difference was not statistically significant (22/24 vs. 18/24, P = 0.319). The OLP and postoperative complication rates were not significantly different between the groups.Conclusions: The ramped position reduced the time required for the AuraGain insertion in obese patients while providing comparable airway sealing without increasing adverse events. Therefore, a ramped position may be a more suitable option for SGA insertion in this population.
Clinico-Mycological Study of Dermatophytosis among Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients in a Tertiary Level Hospital: A Comparative Study
Authors: Rajagopal Abarna , Vinutha Rangappa , Ashwini Padubidri Kombettu , Shastry Veeranna , Vidyavathi Chitharagi B.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Dermatophytosis is a major public health concern in India, especially in recent years, with an alarmingly rising trend, particularly in relation to recurrent and chronic infection. The number of studies examining the relationship between an individual’s glycemic status and the development of dermatophytosis, and a comparison of the evolving species trend between diabetic and non-diabetic patients infected with dermatophytes, is limited.

Aims and Objectives:

To study and compare the clinical and mycological aspects of dermatophytosis among diabetic and non-diabetic patients and to compare the culture isolates in both groups.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 378 patients of clinically suspected dermatophytosis, divided into two groups of 189 known diabetics and non-diabetics each. We subsequently analysed and compared the demographics, clinical data, potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount, calcofluor white (CW) staining and fungal culture results of all patients in both groups.

Results:

Among the 378 patients, diabetic patients had a significantly greater extent of involvement and higher rates of recurrence when compared to non-diabetics. The overall positivity rate was higher in CW staining (77.8%) as compared to KOH (57.7%) in both non-diabetics and diabetics. Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the most common isolate (47.6%) in both diabetic (55.0%) and non-diabetic (61.4%) patients, followed by Trichophyton rubrum (31.8% and 29.6%, respectively). The positivity percentages of fungal culture, KOH and CW staining increased to 100%, 77.9% and 95.7%, respectively, when scrapings were taken from ≥2 sites.

Conclusion:

The pattern of dermatophytosis is comparatively more chronic and severe in diabetics compared to non-diabetics. T. mentagrophytes was the most common culture isolate in both groups. CW staining can potentially be used as the initial method of choice for the diagnosis of dermatophytosis as it has significantly outperformed the conventional KOH mount. Scrapings can regularly be taken from ≥2 sites to avoid false negative results.
Beyond the Surface: Decoding Pityriasis Versicolor Through Clinical, Dermoscopic and Microbiological Exploration
Authors: Dsouza Priya A. , Monteiro Rochelle C. , Dias Meena , Prabhu Sudhir Haladi , Bhat Ramesh M. , Jayaraman Jyothi , Martis Jacintha
Published: August 2024

Background:

Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is an asymptomatic, superficial fungal infection caused by the Malassezia species and causes discolouration of the skin leading to altered pigmentation. It is usually a clinical diagnosis, but in doubtful cases wherein potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount is unavailable, alternative modalities like dermoscopy aid in the management.

Aims and Objectives:

To evaluate the clinical and dermoscopic patterns in PV and correlate with the associated risk factors and study the fungal culture.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted for 12 months. A total of 115 patients clinically diagnosed with PV showing positivity on KOH mount were recruited. Dermoscopy was done, following which the scales were scraped and cultured in the laboratory on Saborauds dextrose agar and modified Dixon media, and the results were analysed after 3 weeks.

Results:

Among the 115 participants, on clinical evaluation, 79 patients had achromic and 36 patients had chromic lesions. The dermoscopic features were categorized into domains such as scaling, pigmentation and other features. Fine scaling was the most common feature observed in 88.7% of the patients. Pigmentary changes were noted in all the patients with non-uniform pigmentation being the most common. We have also observed and described newer dermoscopic findings such as barbed wire fence appearance of ridges and furrows, fluffy cotton ball appearance of hypopigmented perifollicular lesions and sprinkled pepper appearance of pigmented dispersion. Out of the 115 KOH mount positive cases, 51 (44.3%) showed growth on fungal culture with Malassezia furfur being the most common species to be isolated in 18 patients.

Conclusions:

Dermoscopy is a new, popular non-invasive diagnostic modality, which shows specific features like fine scaling, pigment alteration, ridges and furrows with perifollicular involvement, and can be used to diagnose doubtful cases of PV as an adjunct or substitute to a KOH mount.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity by modulating IL-6 as a potential mechanism in the nephroprotective and hepatoprotective properties of Tribulus terrestris
Authors: Shetty Neha , Holla Sadhana , Nayak Veena , Shenoy Vijetha B , Mohandas Rao KG
Published: August 2024

Background and purpose:

Carboplatin, a second-generation platinum-containing compound is associated with renal tubular injury and hepatic damage in cancer patients. Tribulus terrestris (TT) is widely used in Indian traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties. The present study aimed to evaluate TT's beneficial effects against liver and kidney damage induced by carboplatin.

Experimental approach:

An in-vivo study was conducted on thirty rats. All the groups, except the control, received intraperitoneal carboplatin 90 mg/kg on day 5; the three treatment groups received TT extract (1 g/kg, 1.25, and 1.5 g/kg) for 14 days. Serum and tissue parameters for liver functions, kidney functions, oxidative stress, and inflammatory marker interleukin 6 were measured along with histopathological assessment.

Findings/Results:

TT at 1.5 g/kg on day 14 significantly reduced creatinine and aspartate transaminase levels compared to the carboplatin group. The increase in malondialdehyde levels and decrease in glutathione levels was significantly reversed in the groups treated with TT 1.25 and 1.5 g/kg. Interleukin 6 showed a significant decrease in treatment groups when compared to the carboplatin group. Carboplatin distorted hepatic architecture and caused diffused inflammatory cell infiltration in the peritubular interstitial spaces in the kidney. The histopathological evaluation confirmed that TT extract ameliorated hepatic and kidney damage by restoring to normal architecture.

Conclusion and implications:

Aqueous extract of TT demonstrated a therapeutic effect against nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity caused by carboplatin. The observed benefits can be attributed to its anti-inflammatory action and antioxidant properties.