bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ANALYSIS OF AMBIGUITY IN CONCEPTUAL ANNOTATION OF RUSSIAN TEXTS
Authors: Zinoveva Anastasiia Yu. , Sheremetyeva Svetlana O. , Nerucheva Ekaterina D.
Published: December 2020

Properly annotated text corpora are an essential condition in constructing effective and efficient tools for natural language processing (NLP), which provide an operational solution to both theoretical and applied linguistic and informational problems. One of the main and the most complex problems of corpus annotation is resolving tag ambiguities on a specific level of annotation (morphological, syntactic, semantic, etc.).
This paper addresses the issue of ambiguity that emerges on the conceptual level, which is the most relevant text annotation level for solving informational tasks. Conceptual annotation is a special type of semantic annotation usually applied to domain corpora to address specific informational problems such as automatic classification, content and trend analyses, machine learning, machine translation, etc.
In conceptual annotation, text corpora are annotated with tags reflecting the content of a certain domain, which leads to a type of ambiguity that is different from general semantic ambiguity. It has both universal and language- and domain-specific peculiarities. This paper investigates conceptual ambiguity in a case study of a Russian-language corpus on terror attacks.
The research methodology combines automated and manual steps, comprising a) statistical and qualitative corpus analysis, b) the use of pre-developed annotation resources (a terrorism domain ontology, a Russian ontolexicon and a computer platform for conceptual annotation), c) ontological-analysis-based conceptual annotation of the corpus chosen for the case study, d) corpus-based detection and investigation of conceptual ambiguity causes, e) development and experimental study of possible disambiguation methods for some types of conceptual ambiguity.
The findings obtained in this study are specific for Russian-language terrorism domain texts, but the conceptual annotation technique and approaches to conceptual disambiguation developed are applicable to other domains and languages.
THE CHARACTER AS A DISCOURSE IN E. JELINEK’S MINIDRAMA “DIE WAND”
Authors: SIVOLOBOVA Irina A.
Published: December 2020

This study is structured around two literary notions: character and discourse. In literature theory, the character of a dramatic and prosaic text is understood as a hero performing the functions of action and/or storytelling. Most often, the character is embodied in the image of a person, and they have an individual character. The hero is often the catalyst of the plot or a narrator of an event.
The contemporary theatrical situation, referred to as the post-drama theater, demonstrates the destruction of the traditional character. The work by E. Jelinek — one of the main authors of the modern German-speaking scene — is considered by the leading European researchers (P. Janke, M. Meister, B. Luke, T. Kovacs and others) in the context of post-drama theater. The rejection of the traditional character form is one of the central principles of the writer’s theatrical aesthetics. In the terminology of Jelinek herself, the “character” gets replaced by “text surfaces” (“Textflächen”): the character loses their individual and psychological traits, does not contribute to the promotion and development of the plot, and exists as a mediator of some message. “Textflächen” is similar to the concept of discourse, which means a system of speech organization.
This article studies what means help in creating a new type of a literary hero — a character as a discourse. The novelty of the research lies in the lack of Russia literary research which covers the minidrama “Die Wand”.
Application of Data Mining Methods in the Design and Creation of New Products and Services
Authors: Bryzgalov A. A. , Yaroshenko E. V.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of research is to substantiate the need to use knowledge extraction methods in the design and creation of new products and services and the feasibility of using the Kohonen self-organizing map method through its formation. Such a map helps to identify previously unknown groups, in particular, as in the case of this article – consumer groups, and their analysis will make it possible to form new tariffs for the services of the mobile operator’s billing system. The main reason for the research is to show organizations the ability to design and create innovative products.

Research methods are empirical in nature, based on the collection and accumulation of data on consumer behavior in the market and their subsequent analysis. In order to analyze the collected data, Data Mining methods are used, in particular, the Kohonen self-organizing map method, which allows to obtain automatic clustering of consumers in the market by various characteristics. Clustering was performed using the Kohonen self-organizing map algorithm implemented in the BaseGroup Labs Deductor Studio analytical platform. The choice of this software product is explained by a clear interface and the availability of the required functionality. The study was based on data provided by the mobile operator’s billing system. This is a fairly large amount of data showing the completed operations of mobile operator subscribers.

Results. The article provides an overview of sources that offer possible methods for extracting knowledge and ways to process it. The Kohonen map is also built, which allows you to get information about the current situation for mobile subscribers from various independently selected areas. After analyzing this information, the revealed knowledge is applied in the formation of new tariffs and services of the mobile operator. This method of extracting knowledge can also be applied to other large volumes of data from various fields of activity. However, there is a limitation when using this type of knowledge extraction, which is that the data must be structured. If you use unstructured data, you can consider other methods for extracting knowledge described in this article.

Conclusion. The article considers the stage of knowledge extraction when designing and creating new products and services based on Data Mining methods, in particular the self-organizing Kohonen map. Innovation in the design and creation of products and services is emphasized by the variability of data in accordance with the dynamic behavior of consumers in the market, which causes the need to periodically review the requirements and concepts of products and services brought to the market.
Daesh’ Atrocities Against Women and Girls and The Necessary Response
Authors: Ochab Ewelina U.
Published: December 2020

Since 2014, Daesh has been perpetrating mass atrocities against the population of Syria and Iraq, and beyond, and especially, crimes targeting religious minorities in Syria and Iraq. These included atrocities specifically targeting women and girls, including, rape, sexual abuse, and sexual slavery, and many more. Nonetheless, Daesh fighters are not being prosecuted for such crimes against women and girls and their (few) prosecutions are being conducted for terror-related offences only. The paper explores the use by Daesh of rape and sexual violence against minority women and girls. It considers some of the evidence of the use of rape and sexual violence in conflict, and most specifically, in the case study regarding the genocide committed by Daesh. It further examines the necessary changes that need to happen to address the issue. This includes an analysis of what legal measures have been taken to date to bring the Daesh perpetrators to justice, and specifically, for their atrocities perpetrated against women and girls.
Constantability of Catholic Church Teaching Religious Freedom
Authors: Kmieć Michał
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to embed the twentieth-century teaching of the Church's Magisterium on the right to religious freedom in the Church's Tradition, showing clear evidence for the continuity of this teaching. Religious freedom is not a law that existed in the teaching of the Church fifty years ago, but one of its traditional elements, which may not have been strongly realized for centuries. It is, however, one of the elements of science about the relationship between the Church and the state that does not contradict any other elements.
International migration movements
Authors: Dumont Gérard-François
Published: December 2020

The issue of international migration has been increasingly present, especially since the early 2010s, in the daily news. However, the media tends to focus on a small minority of these movements, those which arise from exoduses linked to international wars or to civil wars often fanned – voluntarily or involuntarily – by external powers, and those which take place in non-legal forms, the main cause of which is most often poor governance. Beyond that, it is important to take a complete and fair look at all international migration in daily life. However, this does not entail following sensationalist claims that depict a world entering a generalised migratory cycle. Finally, we should ask ourselves about the real changes undergone by international migration in the 21st century.
Credobaptism and religious policy. Separation of church and state, freedom of religion, and religious tolerance in the writings of the early Baptists
Authors: Prostak Rafał
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to reconstruct the relationships between the Baptist understanding of baptism (credobaptism; believer’s baptism) and church and the religious policy promoted by the early Baptists. The following texts are explored: A Short Declaration of the Mystery of Iniquity (1612) by Thomas Helwys; Persecution for Religion Judged and Condemned (1615) by John Murton; and Religious Peace: Or, a Plea for Liberty of Conscience (1614) by Leonard Busher. Helwys and Murton were leaders of the congregation of Spitalfields, the first Baptist community in the Kingdom of England. Busher, lesser known, probably belonged to the congregation, and his said work is the first treaty to defend freedom of religion by a Baptist.
Cultural diversity versus multiculturalism
Authors: Mazurkiewicz Piotr
Published: December 2020

The text analyzes the differences between cultural diversity (a state meaning coexistence in one area of different cultures) and multiculturalism (ideology). The latter often tries to impose various forms of mixing cultures from above, proclaiming the positive fruits of such activities. For this reason, it omits the nature of man (objective, universal and common to all people), often turns against the national identity in which he sees an obstacle to the emergence of one global universal culture imposed from above. The creators of this ideology have their own system of values, which they often try to implement without the natural law.
Wpływ czynników kulturowych na upadek cywilizacji grenlandzkich Wikingów
Authors: Sadowski Ryszard F.
Published: December 2020

Zrozumienie upadku starożytnych cywilizacji jest ważne dla zrozumienia bardzo złożonego procesu zachodzącego w naszej cywilizacji. Ziemia jest narażona na niebezpieczeństwo z wielu powodów, a niektóre z nich nie zmieniają się na przestrzeni dziejów. Ze względu na globalny zasięg ludzkich działań i potęgę jaką dysponuje obecnie człowiek Ziemia jest dziś bardziej zagrożona niż przed wiekami. Zrozumienie przeszłości jest więc kluczowe dla bezpieczeństwa naszej globalnej wioski. W artykule przedstawiono możliwe przyczyny upadku cywilizacji grenlandzkich Wikingów. Wydaje się, że główną przyczyną upadku były zmiany klimatyczne. Wydaje się jednak także, że grenlandzcy Wikingowie mogli przetrwać, a przynajmniej opóźnić swój upadek. Autor wskazuje, że czynniki kulturowe były źródłem degradacji ekologicznej i braku adaptacji ekonomicznej. Wikingowie znali Inuitów i ich strategie adaptacyjne, ale nie wykorzystali tej wiedzy w żaden sposób. Wydaje się, że upadek cywilizacji grenlandzkich Wikingów był wyborem ich elity. Przywódcy utrzymywali bowiem społeczeństwo w ryzykownej równowadze, aby nad nim skutecznie panować, ostatecznie jednak krucha równowaga została zaburzona i przyczyniła się do upadku tej cywilizacji.
DMF (2,5-dimetylofuran) jako perspektywiczne biopaliwo drugiej generacji do silników o zapłonie iskrowym
Authors: Biernat Krzysztof , Dziołak Paulina Luiza
Published: December 2020

One year ago there turned out the first scientific publications about obtain possibilities of 2,5 -dimethylfuran (DMF) straight from fructose, from raw materials like cellulose, starch or fruits. According to some sources, DMF could be use like oxygen fuel component, because of its properties. In th is article were discussed physical and chemical properties of DMF, and raw possibilities to DMF production as a second generation biofuel, there were also discussed possible technologies of DMF obtaining in “Wisconsin-Madison” technology. Besides there was performed an estimation of DMF application possibilities in present internal combustion engines.
Praktyczne możliwości edukacji ekologicznej w kontekście programu „badacze przyrody"
Authors: Latawiec Michał
Published: December 2020

The aim of this article is to introduce ecological education in practicaluse. Many expectations are connected with in formal education, these expectations are often met by organizing educational actions, the article describes an educational programme called “Nature explorers”, which was realized by Wilanów Palace Museum in cooperation with University of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński in Warsaw, the article also presents conclusions and opinion about possibilities of accomplish the tasks that are set before ecological education after carrying the educational programme.
Wychowanie dla zrównoważonego rozwoju w nauczaniu zintegrowanym szkoły podstawowej
Authors: Mielczarek Artur W.
Published: December 2020

The importance of education for balanced development in integrated primary school is really vital. School is one of the institutions which must supply its students with certain knowledge about the natural environment, teach them responsibility towards the natural environment and themeselves, make them aware of the dangers created by modern civilization and teach, how to use the natural resources in proper way. In the year 2004 was carried out research checking the efficiency of natural science in grade I-III of primary school teaching, the material presented below shows achieved results and the influence of natural science on young students.
Makroszczątki roślinne w torfie w analizie paleośrodowiskowych uwarunkowań osadnictwa na przykładzie stanowiska Łane Małe w dolinie Kłodnicy
Authors: Wójcicki Krzysztof J. , Kloss Marek
Published: December 2020

Results of archaeological studies from the territory of Poland show that prehistorical settlements were often founded on the banks of lakes and mires. Botanical composition of organic deposits allows reconstructing historical plant communities and palaeohydrological conditions of the settlement, the subject of research was a peatland situated in the neighborhood of the archaeological site at Łany Małe. The latter is located on hillslopes of the Kłodnica valley (Upper Silesia, southern Poland). Peat formation at the Łany Małe site took place in the Pre-Boreal Period as an effect of the valley floor paludification. In the Mesolithic and Neolithic Periods as well as the Early Bronze Age, swampy alder forests occupied the entire area of the peatland. At that time, the fen surface was relatively easily accessible for humans, especially for people of the Funnel Beaker Culture in the Middle Neolithic Period. It was then when, probably, the ground water level dropped down and peat decay processes took over those of peat production. In the Hallstatt Period, during the presence of the Lusatian Culture settlement, there was subsequent increase in biotope moisture. Forest communities became more open and trees were gradually displaced by grasslike plants, especially of sedge (Carex) genus. In the Fate Roman Period (the Przeworsk Culture settlement) and in the early Middle Ages, the peatland was subject to inundation due to frequent flooding, the peat accumulation was then halted by the delivery of fine-grained products of soil erosion.
Social Impact of Foreign Immigrants on Urban Communities. Case Study: Taman Taming Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Marzukhi Marlyana Azyyati , Fauzi Farah Fazlina , Ling Oliver Hoon Leh , Abdullah Yusfida Ayu
Published: December 2020

This study examines the social impact of foreign immigrants on urban communities in Taman Taming Jaya, Selangor.The scope covers the overall social impact on the presence of foreign immigrants on urban communities,family relationship,the relationship among the local community, the relationship between locals and foreigners,the acceptance of foreigners by local residents,sense of belonging and the safety aspect.A total of 95 questionnaires survey were carried out among local respondents.Besides,direct observation was conducted to investigate the condition of the study area.The findings revealed that most of the respondents felt that the presence of foreign immigrants has negatively impacted their life.
Keywords: social, impact, urban, community
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI2.2524.
The Malaysian Homestay Program and the Japanese Minshuku: A comparative study
Authors: Ramele Rohaslinda , Yamazaki Juichi
Published: December 2020

This paper discusses the characteristics of rural tourism in Malaysia and Japan by comparing the Malaysia Homestay Program and the minshuku. Japan has been chosen as a comparative case study since Japanese tourists are the second-highest number of foreign tourists visited the Malaysian Homestay Program until 2018. Findings have shown that the Malaysia Homestay Program was derived from the English bed-and-breakfast, while the minshuku has been influenced by the European farm-stay. Although they differ in concepts, organizations, regulations, and community participation, both have contributed to the development of the tourism sectors in both countries.
Keywords; Malaysia Homestay Program; minshuku; lifestyle experience; urban-rural interchange
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI2.2525.
Cjeloživotno obrazovanje u vodnom sektoru
Authors: Veble Krešimir , Veble Vatroslav
Published: December 2020

Danas,
krajem druge dekade 21. stoljeća, 900 milijuna ljudi – gotovo
sedmina svjetske populacije,
nema pristup dovoljnim količinama higijenski ispravne vode za piće.
S ubrzanim
rastom
stanovništva
u svijetu, rastom urbanizacije, povećanom
eksploatacijom šumskih
površina
i već
prisutnim efektima klimatskih promjena ovaj problem postaje sve veći
i na
globalnoj
razini sve je teže
osigurati i održati
adekvatne količine
vode. Nasreću,
Hrvatska
je
peta zemlja u Europi po zalihama pitke vode, no, nažalost,
preko 50 % vode koja ulazi u
vodoopskrbne
sustave na putu od izvorišta do krajnjeg korisnika gubi se zbog istjecanja iz
mreže.
Naravno, gubitak za život i zdravlje najvažnijeg
svjetskog resursa, osim bioloških, ima i
značajne
financijske posljedice koje se odnose na povećanje
crpljenja i proizvodnje vode, kako
bi
se kompenzirali gubitci, što neminovno pridonosi neopravdanom povećanju
cijena vode.
Državna
agencija Hrvatske vode prošle godine izdvojila je 100 milijuna kuna za rješavanje
problema
prevelikih gubitaka u vodovodima, od kojih je samo polovica utrošena,
dok
polovica
sredstava nije iskorištena. Uzimajući u
obzir bioetički
kontekst problema, rad ima
nekoliko
zadaća:
(1) naglasiti potrebu uspostave kontinuiranog cjeloživotnog
obrazovanja i
usavršavanja
u vodnom gospodarstvu; (2) naglasiti žurnost
njegove organizacije za najširu
bazu
srednje stručne
spreme koja radi u vodnom sektoru, a koja danas nema praktički
nikakve
mogućnosti
usavršavanja;
(3) dokazati da ulaganje u skupu i naprednu opremu bez
paralelnog
podizanja nivoa znanja u komunalnom sektoru nije racionalno; (4) ukazati na to
da
cjeloživotno
obrazovanje djelatnika u vodnom sektoru treba biti popraćeno
adekvatnim
prijevodima
literature koje na svjetskim jezicima ima u izobilju; (5) raditi na edukaciji
najmlađih
kako bi ih se na vrijeme upoznalo s važnosti
vode kao jednog od najvažnijih
resursa
na Zemlji; (6) ukazati da treba paralelno upoznati sve korisnike sustava
vodoopskrbe,
odvodnje
i pročišćavanja
otpadne vode o načinima štednje vode i pravilnog korištenja
sustava
vodoopskrbe,
odvodnje i pročišćavanja
otpadnih voda. Naravno, očuvanje vodnog resursa
usko
je povezano s podizanjem bioetičke svijesti i znanja o važnosti
vode kod svih korisnika;
uvjerenja
smo da se samo cjeloživotnim obrazovanjem i višedimenzionalnim
usavršavanjem
djelatnika koji rade u vodnom sektoru mogu postići
najbolji rezultati. Rečeno nije samo
ekonomski
imperativ, nego prije imperativ oživljavanja skrbi za život.
Computational modeling of AGO-mediated molecular inhibition of ARF6 by miR-145
Authors: Ivan Jeremias , Nurdiansyah Rizky , Parikesit Arli Aditya
Published: December 2020

Inhibition of ADP-ribosylation factor 6 messenger RNA (ARF6 mRNA) by microRNA-145 (miR-145), mediated by Argonaute (AGO) protein, has been found to play essential roles in several types of cancer and cellular processes. This study aimed to model the molecular interaction between miR-145 and ARF6 mRNA with AGO protein. The sequences of miR-145 and the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of ARF6 mRNA were retrieved from miRTarBase, followed by miRNA target-site and structure predictions were done using RNAhybrid, RNAfold, and simRNAweb, respectively. The interaction between the miRNA-mRNA duplex and AGO was further assessed via molecular docking, interaction analysis, and dynamics, using PatchDock Server, PLIP, and VMD/NAMD, respectively. The models between miR-145, predicted target site of ARF6 mRNA, and AGO protein returned stable thermodynamic variables with negative free energy. Specifically, the RNA duplex had an energy of -19.80 kcal/mol, while the docking had -84.58 atomic contact energy supported by 70 hydrogen bonds and 14 hydrophobic interactions. However, the stability of the RMSD plot was still unclear due to limited computational resources. Nevertheless, these results computationally confirm favorable interaction of the three molecules, which can be utilized for further transcriptomics-based drugs or treatments.
Strategi Nafkah dan Kemiskinan: Studi Kasus Komunitas Nelayan Banawa, Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Zainuddin Sulthan , Mustainah Mustainah , Syufri Syufri
Published: December 2020

Menurut teori strategi nafkah, kemiskinan digambarkan sebagai pengaruh budaya yang terdapat dalam kebiasaan sehari-hari masyarakat tertentu dan atau tertanam dalam sistem nilai budaya yang menghambat produktivitas ekonomi (involusi). Hal semacam itu termasuk larangan dan atau pembatasan yang berlaku di kalangan komunitas nelayan Kabupaten Donggala di Sulawesi Tengah. Padahal kemiskinan struktural di Kabupaten Donggala justru dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Yakni apa yang bisa dikenali sebagai berikut; kurangnya modal usaha, teknologi tradisional yang sederhana, wilayah penangkapan ikan yang terbatas, dan sistem pemasaran yang didominasi oleh tengkulak atau pedagang grosir. Di sisi lain, kemiskinan diperparah dengan perubahan musim atau perubahan iklim sehingga strategi mencari rejeki dilakukan dengan kegiatan di darat, misalnya dengan menjadi tukang atau buruh perkebunan. Bahkan pekerjaan informal melibatkan anggota keluarga termasuk perempuan dengan menjadi PRT dan atau pedagang kaki lima. Kesimpulan penelitian, kemiskinan terjadi akibat ketimpangan sosial ekonomi seperti disparitas sosial yang disertai penguatan budaya involusi perikanan pesisir.
The Expansion of Nickel Mining, Environmental Damage and Determinants’ of the Bajo Community Marginalization in Pomalaa Regency, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Irawati Irawati
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tata kelola yang kurang tepat dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam yang seharusnya melibatkan masyarakat dalam menjaga kelestarian lingkungan agar dapat terus sejahtera. Namun, ekspansi pertambangan nikel di Pomalaa, Kabupaten Kolaka telah mengakibatkan jurang yang besar antara si kaya dan si miskin. Hal tersebut juga mempengaruhi kelangsungan hidup masyarakat Bajo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap determinan atau alasan mengapa masyarakat Bajo terpinggirkan, terutama akibat ekspansi pertambangan di Pomalaa, Kabupaten Kolaka. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan paradigma post-positivism dengan menerapkan pendekatan grounded theory untuk analisisnya. Studi tersebut mengidentifikasi tiga faktor penentu utama marjinalisasi masyarakat Bajo. Pertama, air yang tercemar akibat pencemaran pantai. Kedua, tidak tersedia dukungan mata pencaharian alternatif karena terbatasnya akses untuk mendapatkan manfaat ekonomi dari perluasan pertambangan. Ketiga, lemahnya daya tawar masyarakat Bajo dalam menghadapi politik perusakan lingkungan akibat terbatasnya akses masuk ke dalam struktur pembuat kebijakan yang dilestarikan oleh norma budaya lokal.
Pandemi Covid 19 dan Ujian Modernitas: Pembahasan Sosiologi Masyarakat Berisiko
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: December 2020

Modernitas secara esensial membawa risiko dalam praktiknya, begitu pula demokrasi.  Dalam konteks menangani wabah Covid19 kita menyaksikan kehidupan masyarakat moderen yang berisiko secara global dihadapkan pada banyak kerumitan. Kenyataannya hampir tidak ada negara yang mampu lolos dari serangan wabah Covid19. Ukuran pembangunan moderen sebuah negara seakan menjadi kurang relevan. Konsep masyarakat berisiko mengajak untuk mengenali moral kemanusiaan sebagai nilai dan perangkat untuk merespon realitas sosial dan transformasinya. Secara epistemologis, kesulitan merekonstruksi moral kemanusiaan terletak pada kredo modernitas itu sendiri. Metode analisis wacana digunakan dalam artikel ini sebagai dialog rekonstruksi ‘perdamaian’ antara ilmu pengetahuan dan agama sebagai basis kemanusiaan. Jadi dapat disimpulkan upaya untuk membongkar mitos mengenai modernitas pasca wabah Covid19 ditujukan untuk membuka ruang-ruang dialogis yang bersifat partisipatoris untuk mereduksi risiko modernitas yang dapat mengabaikan kemanusiaan itu sendiri.
Contextualising Participant Factions in the Second Zulu Civil War of 1856 and It’s Consequences up to 1861
Authors: Ntuli Hebert Sihle , Sikhosana Fundeka
Published: December 2020

The Second Zulu Civil War of 1856, commonly known as the Battle of Ndondakusuka, has been the subject of a number of historical interpretations. Different scholars give different accounts of the battle. Most historians differ on the root causes of the battle. Some attribute it to white imperialists who manipulated scenes and used the weakness of King Mpande to cause the war. According to this opinion, the Natal government entered the succession issue in an attempt to provide itself with a new “reserve” of land between the Thukela and Mhlathuze Rivers. Other sources point King Mpande as the one responsible for the clash between Princes Cetshwayo and Mbuyazi. The land issue and power also played a role in the outbreak of hostilities between princes. It is therefore apparent that different factions played a role in the outbreak of this war. So, this paper aims at contextualising various role-players towards that conflict and consequences thereafter.
Razón poética, revelación y saber
Authors: Santibañez Rodríguez Nelson
Published: December 2020

It is intended to give an approach to the religious thought of María Zambrano. To achieve the objective, the methodology consisted of a bibliographic review of the works of the thinker and some of her main scholars. As a result, initially a general approach to the phenomenon of religious language is developed, to frame the way in which the author used said language. A biographical sketch of the thinker is also exposed to reveal his formative sources, his intellectual occupations and his linguistic options. It is proposed that both sections be conceived as meaningful contexts to address your thinking. In addition, in a transversal way, she realizes the criticism that Zambrano makes of the western philosophical tradition. Specifically, regarding her theological thinking, the concepts of poetry, philosophy and “poetic reason” are exposed in greater detail, the latter conceived as the notion with which the author proposes to synthesize poetry and reason, and to which she attributes - meanwhile Poetic Knowledge: the ability to reveal the true being of things and the genuine meaning of human existence
The Excellence of Cocoa-Goat Integrated Farming in the Implementation of Zero Waste Concept
Authors: Ihda Fitriyah  , Yuli Hariyati
Published: December 2020

The problem for farmers in Suruh Village is having two types of farming which are cacao-goat integrated system farmer and cacao-goat non-integrated system farmer. Cacao-goat integrated system conducts cacao farming with goat livestock while for the cacao-goat non-integrated system does not conduct goat livestock. Farmer's interest is different in conducting cacao farming system. The aim of cacao-goat integration system is obtaining manure as organic fertilizer by the expectation to save fertilization cost so that farmer's income with the cacao-goat integrated farming system will be different with non-integrated one because seen from the maintenance cost because of manure. In this study, we dig pattern analysis information of the cacao-goat integrated farming system to find out cacao-goat integrated system and income difference of cacao-goat integrated and non-integrated systems so that it aims to find out the pattern difference of cacao-goat integration farming The research result shows that cacao-goat integrated system by the utilization of cacao waste (bark, leaf), intercropped plant (avocado, cassava, stink beans) as the animal feed of goat). Goat livestock produces feces that can be used as cacao compost fertilizer after 12 months of fermentation. The average income of the cocoa-goat non-integration farmer is USD 1,184.91/Ha/Year, while for the cocoa-goat non-integration farmer has the average income of USD 854,673/Ha/Year. There is a significant difference between cacao-goat integrated farming income and cacao-goat non-integrated farming income.
"Base Genep" Instant Spices Quality For Sale In East Denpasar
Authors: Sofia nggoweng  , Ni Made Ayu Suardani singapurwa  , I Nyoman Rudianta
Published: December 2020

Instant spices is a mixture of several spices that are young to be found in the market at an affordable price, and are usually used immediately as a cooking spice for certain foods. This study aims to determine the quality of the "Base Genep" instant spices sold in the East Denpasar Market. This research is a descriptive study using survey and experimental methods in the laboratory. The number of samples to be studied was 44 samples from 81 populations. The variables in the study were moisture content, pH, Escherichia coli, Total Plate Count (TPC) and mold. The results showed that from 44 samples of "Basa Genep" instant seasoning water content test results obtained were 21.62% - 23.707%, while the pH value of 44 samples of "Basa Genep" instant spice was obtained between 2.2-2.5 so that it meets the requirements.
Effect of Rabbit Compost and NPK on The Growth and Yield of Zucchini (Cucurbita Pepo L.)
Authors: I Putu Tommy Saputra Adi  , Made Sri Yuliartini  , I Gusti Bagus Udayana
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of the type of rabbit compost and the dose of NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of zucchini plants. The design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors, namely: The first factor is rabbit compost (K) which consists of 4 levels of treatment, namely: K0 = 0 tonnes / ha, K1 = 10 tonnes / ha, K2 = 20 tonnes / ha, K3 = 30 tonnes / ha. The second factor, NPK pearl fertilizer dosage (D) consists of 4 levels, namely: D0 = 0 kg / ha-1, D1 = 100 kg / ha-1, D2 = 200 kg / ha-1, D3 = 300 kg / ha -1. Thus, there were 16 combination treatments, each of which was repeated 3 times so that there were 48 experimental plots. The research data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance. For a single treatment that has a real to very real effect, it is followed by the BNT test at 5% level, the results showed that the interaction between rabbit compost dose and NPK (KxD) had no significant effect (P≥0.05) on all variables. The highest fresh fruit weight was obtained at the rabbit compost dose of 30 tons / ha (K3), namely 2463.64 grams, an increase of 16.09% when compared to the treatment without compost dose of 0 tons / ha (K0), namely 2084.30 grams . The high fresh weight was supported by the number of harvests per plant (r = 0.821 *), fruit length (r = 0.935 **) and fruit diameter (r = -0.975 **). The highest fruit fresh weight was obtained at the NPK fertilizer dose of 300 kg / ha (D3), namely 2488.95 grams. The fresh weight of the fruit increased by 18.23% when compared to the NPK fertilizer dose of 0 ton / ha (D0), which was 2104.87 grams. The high fresh weight of fruit was supported by the number of harvests per plant (r = 0.923 **)
On the Selfname and Identity of the 16th–17th century Polish Reformed Churches
Authors:   Margarita A. Korzo Institute of Philosophy Russian Academy of Sciences, Korzo Margarita A.
Published: December 2020

The article questions the legitimacy of use of the terms “Calvinist” and “Calvinism” as applied to the polish adherents of the emerging Evangelical-Reformed Church in the second half of the16th – at the beginnings of the 17th centuries and their doctrinal writings. The author analyzes various versions of the self-names of these Protestant follows, and the names given to them both by adherents of other branches of Protestantism and by Catholics. The author comes to the conclusion, that the theological legacy of John Calvin exerted its influence only to an insignificant degree on catechisms of the polish Reformed of that epoch, and with much more reason can be said about the existence of many other sources of theological inspirations (from Lutherans, Bohemian Brethren, follows of Johannes Oecolampadius, others), which had a significant impact on the confessional identity formation of the Polish Reformed churches.
Buddhist Elements of the Anthropological Conceptions of the Religious Taoism of the Quanzhen School (Based on Long Men Xin Fa): Soteriology and the Concept of Human Activity
Authors:   Pavel D. Lenkov  Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Lenkov Pavel D.
Published: December 2020

The article analyses anthropological ideas of one of the schools of religious Taoism – Quanzhen/ Longmen – in the aspect of identifying and considering the Buddhist elements of these ideas. For the school of Quanzhen, from the very moment of its appearance, there was a tendency toward religious syncretism/ synthesis, the desire to unite the principles and practice of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. The main source for the analysis was the text of the 17th century Long men xin fa (“The Law of the HeartConsciousness [according to the Tradition] Longmen”), which outlined the views of Wang Changyue, master of the Taoist school Quanzhen/Longmen, and also included a number of basic texts of the Quanzhen school, which outline the views of the founder and masters of the school of the first generation. The article discusses the two components of the School’s anthropological representations in which Buddhist influence is most clearly manifested: soteriology and the concept of human activity. The Buddhist doctrine of “activity/action” (karma) was incorporated into the representation system of the Taoist school Quanzhen. The «soteriological» statements in the Quanzhen/Longmen texts also often include Buddhist expressions that function in the texts in parallel with typically Taoist formulations
“My Rap Is a Prayer but with a Razor in the Mouth”: Religious Themes in Russian Rap
Authors:   Nikolai S. Poliakov St. Petersburg State University, Poliakov Nikolai S.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the analysis of religious themes in the lyrics of Russian rap artists. The songs of such musical groups and artists as “Kasta”, Detsl, FACE, Husky, Noize MC, “Sol’ Zemli”, “25/17” are considered. The article proves that rap in Russia has become a significant cultural phenomenon, and the lyrics of rap artists can be interpreted as poetry, inscribing it in the tradition of Russian literature. The article demonstrates that in Russian rap we can find such religious themes as God-seeking, anti-clericalism, criticism of religion as an institution, philippics against its individual representatives, a premonition of the coming Apocalypse, expressing a general sense of impending disaster. Musicians sensitively capture the atmosphere of the era and reflect it in their lyrics. Despite the fact that rap is a new form of art, in the world’s poetic tradition, dating back to the biblical texts, is reflected the works of Russian rap musicians, and at the same time it has a clear and sharp social character.
The Concept of Abhisamaya in Indian Mahāyāna Philosophy
Authors:   Sergey L. Burmistrov Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Burmistrov Sergey L.
Published: December 2020

Buddhist term abhisamaya is usually translated as insight or direct intuitive realization. Hināyāna texts treat it as a synonym for other terms de-noting the realization of the essence of Buddhist teaching. In Mahāyāna treatises it is interpreted as an intuitive recognition of the fact of the verity of Buddhist teaching before the logical realization of the basis of this verity. This recognition is the support for further logical comprehension of the essence of Buddhist teaching. It necessarily entail radical transformation of the person according to the moral principles of Buddhism. Therefore the knowledge acquired through this intuitive realization, unlike mundane knowledge, can never be lost. The question as to whether this abhisamaya gives the knowledge of entire Buddhist teaching or just its different parts that must be comprehended in a given stage of the Buddhist path was given different answers by Mahāyāna thinkers, but common idea was that this path is divided into stages and prelogical recognition is necessarily precedes logical com-prehension. The highest form of this intuitive realization is the realization of the bodhisattva ideal – the ideal of a person who refuses to be absorbed in nirvāṇa for salvation other sentient beings from saṃsāra. The acceptance of this ideal was treated in Mahāyāna as a necessary prerequisite for any intuitive realization of Buddhist Dharma
The Symbolic Relation of the Bull and Plants in the Pahlavi Bundahishn
Authors:   Leila Asgari The Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Asgari Leila
Published: December 2020

In the Pahlavi Bundahishn, Ahriman (the supreme deity of evil) has sacrificed the primeval bull beside primordial man Gayomard. Most of the mythical evidence of Indo-European culture illustrates the image or Imagination of the creation of a human or animal sacrifice for the creation of the whole world of its parts and organs. An example of these sacrifices is Gayomard and the primeval bull in Bundashen. In Zoroastrianism, there are more mythical narratives of human beings and less about other phenomena, including animals. However, in the narrative of the creation myth in Iranian culture, besides the creation of parts of the body of the gods or primitive human beings, the archetype of the primeval bull is present. The idea of adaptation of the Macro and Micro worlds in the Iranian narrative refers the distinction between the creation of animals and plants from the body of bull and the manner in which the first pair of creation, Mashya and Mashyana of the body of Gayomard. This is not evident in other narratives of Indo-European culture. This study aims to explain the image of plant creation of organs in primeval bull conjunction with other examples of the creation of the deity or androgynous goddesses and to answer the question of whether the two patterns are essentially interrelated. Therefore, after citing evidence from both instances, it is attempted to analyze this relationship in the above narratives and to show that the role of cattle in the myths of Indo-European creation with the role of goddess in the creation of the world, man, earth, and plant can be co-existent. After bull's death, his body created the plants and animals. This article makes an attempt to explain origin of the animals and vegetable species from the bull-sacrifice based on the sources of myths and archaeological evidences. The bull is the symbol of the fertility goddess, the Earth Goddess, the androgynous being and the origin of life. Therefore, the plants are created from his body.
VLSI implementation of Wallace Tree Multiplier using Ladner-Fischer Adder
Authors:   Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Technology and Management, Monica Kommalapati , Anuradha Dereddy ,   SVR College of Engineering and Technology, Rasheed Syed ,   SVR College of Engineering and Technology, Shereesha Barnala ,   SVR College of Engineering and Technology
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, most of the application depends on arithmetic designs such as an adder, multiplier, divider, etc. Among that, multipliers are very essential for designing industrial applications such as Finite Impulse Response, Fast Fourier Transform, Discrete cosine transform, etc. In the conventional methods, different kind of multipliers such as array multiplier, booth multiplier, bough Wooley multiplier, etc. are used. These existing multipliers are occupied more area to operate. In this study, Wallace Tree Multiplier (WTM) is implemented to overcome this problem. Two kinds of multipliers have designed in this research work for comparison. At first, existing WTM is designed with normal full adders and half adders. Next, proposed WTM is designed using Ladner Fischer Adder (LFA) to improve the hardware utilization and reduce the power consumption. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) performances such as slice Look Up Table (LUT), Slice Register, Bonded Input-Output Bios (IOB) and power consumption are evaluated. The proposed WTM-LFA architecture occupied 374 slice LUT, 193 slice register, 59 bonded IOB, and 26.31W power. These FPGA performances are improved compared to conventional multipliers such asModified Retiming Serial Multiplier (MRSM), Digit Based Montgomery Multiplier (DBMM), and Fast Parallel Decimal Multiplier (FPDM).
Q-Learning and MADMM Optimization Algorithm Based Interference Aware Channel Assignment Strategy for Load Balancing in WMNS
Authors:   Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Rathan Karunya , Roslin Susai ,   Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
Published: December 2020

Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have been considered one of the main technologies for configuring wireless machines since they appeared. In a WMN, wireless routers provide multi-hop wireless connectivity between hosts on the network and allow access to the internet through the gateway routers. These wireless routers are normally equipped with the multiple radios in the wireless mesh network that operate on multiple channels with the multiple interference, which is caused to reduce the network performance and end-to-end delay. In this paper, we proposed an efficient optimization algorithm to solve the channel assignment problem which cause due to the multichannel multiradios in WMN’s. The main objective of our paper is to minimize the channel interference among networked devices. So, initially we construct a multicast tree with minimum interference by using Q-Learning algorithm, which is helps to minimize the end-to-end delay of packet delivery. From the constructed multicast tree, we intend to develop a channel assignment strategy with the minimum interference by using Modified version of Alternative Direction Method of Multipliers (MADMM) optimization algorithm, which is helps to increase the network throughput and packet delivery ratio. The proposed strategy was implemented by using NS-2 (Network Simulator-2) and the experimental result show that the performance of the proposed method is very high compared to the other method and the performance was calculated by using the feature metrics such as average throughput, packet delivery ratio, end-toend delay and total cost, which is compared with the other existing channel assignment strategies such as Learning Automata and Genetic Algorithm (LA-GA), GA-based approach, link-channel selection and rate-allocation (LCR) and learning automata based multicast routing (LAMR) channel assignment methods.
LWTSM-IoT: Light Weight Trust Sensing Mechanism for Internet of Things
Authors:   Vidya Jyothi Institute of Technology, Prasad M , Reddy D ,   Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology
Published: December 2020

In Internet of Things (IoT), secure communication is a prime concern since the open internet source and vast heterogeneity offers several challenges to the network. To achieve an enhanced security, an effective trust evaluation model is required through which the abnormal nodes can be detected and isolated. Towards this objective we have proposed a Light Weight Trust Sensing (LWTS) mechanism for IoT routing. Several factors like Packet Forwarding Factor, Packet Consistency Factor and Packet Repetition Factor are employed to analyze the behaviour of IoT nodes. Along with these factors, the proposed model also checks for energy efficiency to achieve an improved network lifetime. Trust Calculation process is accomplished in two phases; they are direct and indirect fashion. Finally based on obtained total trust, each neighbour node are categorized as No Trust, Average Trust, Fair Trust and Good Trust and the node with good trust is selected as next-hop forwarding node. For the proposed approach extensive simulations are carried out and the performance is measured through Packet Delivery Ratio, Malicious Detection Rate and Average Energy Consumption. The obtained results prove the effectiveness when compared to existing approaches.
Logistic Regression based Feature Selection and Two-Stage Detection for EEG based Motor Imagery Classification
Authors:   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Wijaya Adi , Adji Teguh ,   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Setiawan Noor ,   Universitas Gadjah Mada
Published: December 2020

Electroencephalogram (EEG) based motor imagery (MI) classification requires efficient feature extraction and consistent accuracy for reliable brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. Achieving consistent accuracy in EEGMI classification is still big challenge according to the nature of EEG signal which is subject dependent. To address this problem, we propose a feature selection scheme based on Logistic Regression (LRFS) and two-stage detection (TSD) in channel instantiation approach. In TSD scheme, Linear Discriminant Analysis was utilized in first-stage detection; while Gradient Boosted Tree and k-Nearest Neighbor in second-stage detection. To evaluate the proposed method, two publicly available datasets, BCI competition III-Dataset IVa and BCI competition IV-Dataset 2a, were used. Experimental results show that the proposed method yielded excellent accuracy for both datasets with 95.21% and 94.83%, respectively. These results indicated that the proposed method has consistent accuracy and is promising for reliable BCI systems.