bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Metode Role Playing terhadap Hasil Belajar dan Motivasi Siswa pada Materi Ekosistem
Authors: Andini Novianti  , Nevrita  , Fernando Adam
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari penerapan metode role playing terhadap hasil belajar dan motivasi siswa pada materi ekosistem. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan populasi seluruh siswa kelas X IPA MAN Tanjungpinang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil secara total sampling.  Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu tes dan angket. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu lembar tes (post-test) untuk mengukur hasil belajar siswa dan lembar angket untuk mengukur motivasi siswa setelah dilakukan pembelajaran menggunakan metode role playing. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis hasil tes, analisis data angket motivasi, analisis data observasi keterlaksanaan, uji prasyarat, dan uji hipotesis. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis yang diperoleh menunjukkan hasil uji T dan uji F, yaitu: 1). terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada penerapan metode role playing terhadap hasil belajar siswa: 2). terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada penerapan metode role playing terhadap motivasi siswa: 3). terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada penerapan metode role playing terhadap hasil belajar dan motivasi siswa. Metode role playing ini dapat direkomendasikan sebagai metode pembelajaran alternatif untuk menunjang proses pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan motivasi siswa di dalam kelas pada pembelajaran Biologi.
Resistencias, dificultades y miedos. Una aproximación a las causas de las brechas digitales persistentes
Authors: Cerrillo Vidal José Antonio , Beluschi-Fabeni Giuseppe
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Este artículo examina la brecha digital persistente entre la población en riesgo de exclusión social, enfocándose en los aspectos socioeconómicos, culturales y comportamentales que la perpetúan. Metodología: Los resultados provienen del proyecto de investigación "Inclusión digital en zonas de desarrollo, necesidades, prácticas y estrategias", realizado en áreas urbanas consideradas "Zonas Desfavorecidas" en cuatro capitales de Andalucía, España. Se realizaron 38 entrevistas abiertas a expertos, residentes y profesionales de la administración pública y del tercer sector. Discusión: Las brechas de habilidades digitales persisten debido a la falta de recursos económicos y educativos, así como a actitudes negativas hacia las herramientas tecnológicas. Problemas como la falta de acceso a dispositivos, tiempo o formación adecuada, alfabetización y desconocimiento del idioma, junto con resistencias al cambio digital y baja autoconfianza, dificultan la integración en el ámbito digital. Conclusiones: Para reducir estas brechas, es crucial fomentar la práctica constante de competencias tecnológicas, ya que las habilidades mejoran con la repetición continua y la familiarización con los procesos. Además, es necesario evitar estereotipos sobre la falta de interés o autocontrol en comunidades desfavorecidas y ser creativos para optimizar los procesos de acceso y uso de tecnologías.
Unexpected Encounters
Authors: Vietti Francesco
Published: September 2024

Exploring the intersections between migration and tourism in the Mediterranean, this book is the result of extensive ethnographic research carried out over a decade in the Mediterranean regions. It focuses on three interrelated themes: the experiences of homecoming migrants who visit their country of origin for holidays; the inequalities surrounding the encounters between local people, tourists and migrants in borderlands; and how migration and tourism affect cultural heritage in European cities. The book shows how interconnected mobilities play a crucial role in boosting the global dynamics of cultural, social, economic and political transformation in the Mediterranean.
Synthesis of Diethyl 6-Amino-1-aryl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3,5-carboxylate
Authors: Khachatryan A. Kh. , Avagyan K. A. , Badasyan A. E.
Published: September 2024

It was found that the reaction of malonic acid N-arylamidoesters with ethyl 2-cyano-3-ethoxyacrylate in ethanol in the presence of equimolar amounts of triethylamine both at room temperature and under reflux leads to the formation of previously unknown diethyl 6-amino-1-aryl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3,5-carboxylates with yields of 40–70%. Structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed by NMR and IR spectroscopy data. Antibacterial activity of some of the obtained compounds was studied.
1,3-dipolar cycloaddition as a method for the synthesis of dipyrrolidinyl- and dipyrrolylketones
Authors: Kostryukov S. G. , Kalyazin V. A. , Petrov P. S. , Bezrukova E. V. , Somov N. V.
Published: September 2024

In the reactions of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a twofold excess of aryl aldimines of glycine ethyl ester with diarylideneacetones and diarylidenecyclohexanones in the presence of silver acetate, the corresponding dipyrrolidinylketones were obtained. Diethyl 4,4′-carbonylbis(3,5-diarylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylates) obtained from diarylideneacetones undergo aromatization under the action of N-bromosuccinimide to form diethyl 4,4′-carbonylbis(3,5-diaryl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylates). The selectivity of the reactions and the structure of the products were determined using correlation NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis.
Extraction and sorption recovery of rhenium(VII) using oligodentate β-аminophosphoryl compounds
Authors: Turanov A. N. , Karandashev V. K. , Artyushin O. I. , Smirnova E. V.
Published: September 2024

The interphase distribution of microquantities of ReO4– between aqueous solutions of mineral acids and solutions of oligodentate β-aminophosphoryl compounds in organic solvents was studied. The stoichiometry of the extracted complexes was determined, the influence of the concentration of HClO4, HNO3, HCl and H2SO4 in the aqueous phase, the structure of the extractant and the nature of the organic solvent on the efficiency of the transition of ReO4– ions into the organic phase was considered. The possibility of selective extraction and concentration of Re(VII) with a complexing sorbent obtained by non-covalent attachment of tris[bis(2-diphenylphosphorylethyl)aminoethyl]amine on the surface of the macroporous polymer Amberlite XAD7HP was demonstrated.
Synthesis and some properties of magnesium and zinc tetra-3-(4-bromophenoxy)phthalocyanines
Authors: Tikhomirova T. V. , Tonkova S. S. , Vashurin A. S.
Published: September 2024

The work describes the synthesis of non-periphery substituted Zn(II), Mg(II) phthalocyanines complexes obtained from 3-(4-bromophenoxy)phthalonitrile. The influence of the metal complex on the spectral and acid-base properties of the obtained compounds was shown. The quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the synthesized metal complexes were determined.
Reactions of carbon dioxide bound to aluminum diimine hydride with borane dimethyl sulfide and ammonia
Authors: Moskalev M. V. , Skatova A. A. , Bazanov A. А. , Baranov E. V. , Fedushkin I. L.
Published: September 2024

The reaction of aluminum bis-formate acenaphthene-1,2-diimine complex [(ArBIG-bian)Al(μ-OC(H)O)2Li(Thf)2] (I) (ArBIG-bian = 1,2-bis[(2,6-dibenzhydryl-4-methylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene), prepared by binding carbon dioxide by aluminum diimine hydride [(ArBIG-bian)Al(H)2]–[Li(Thf)4]+, with borane dimethyl sulfide and ammonia was studied. The reaction of I with BH3∙SMe2 (1 : 1) in toluene affords the product of hydroboration of one formate group [(ArBIG-bian)Al(μ-OC(H)O)(OB(H)OCH3)Li(Thf)]2 (II), while the reaction of I with BH3∙SMe2 (1 : 2) is accompanied by reduction of both formate groups and gives complex [(ArBIG-bian)Al(OBOCH3)2OLi2(Thf)2BH4]2 (III), methoxyboroxine (CH3OBO)3 and, presumably, compound [(ArBIG-bian)AlOCH3]. The reaction of I with one equivalent of ammonia in THF gives adduct [(ArBIG-bian)Al(NH3)(μ-OC(H)O)2Li(Thf)2] (IV), in which ammonia is coordinated to the aluminum atom, while the key bonds in I have not undergone ammonolysis. Compounds II–IV were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction (CCDC no. 2255017 (II), 2255018 (III), 2255019 (IV)).
Lanthanide complexes of related click tripodal 1,2,3-triazole-containing ligands on the Ph3P(O) platform. The N2 and N3 coordination of triazole fragments
Authors: Matveeva А. G. , Pasechnik М. P. , Aysin R. R. , Bykhovskaya О. V. , Matveev S. V. , Baulina T. V. , Kudryavtsev I. Y. , Turanov А. N. , Karandashev V. K. , Brel V. К.
Published: September 2024

The coordination and extraction properties of two related tripodal ligands differed by types of addition of the triazole fragment and linker length in the {2-[(4-Ph-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)CH2CH2O]C6H4}3P(O) (L1) and {2-[(1-Ph-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)CH2O]C6H4}3P(O) (L2) are compared. The structures of the complexes [Lа(NO3)3L1] (I) and [Lu(NO3)3L1] (II) are studied in the solid phase (elemental analysis, IR and Raman spectroscopy) and in solutions (IR and multinuclear1H,13C, and31P NMR spectroscopy). A normal coordinate analysis at the TPSS-D4/Def2-SVP level is performed for an isolated molecule of the model complex [La{P(O),N3,N2-L3}(O,O-NO3)3] (L3= {2-[(4-Me-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)CH2CH2O]C6H4}3-P(O)). According to the set of spectral and quantum chemical data, ligand L1exhibits the tridentate P(O),N2,N2coordination in lanthanide complexes I and II. These are neutral complexes in the solid state and in CD3CN solutions, and the dynamic equilibrium of the neutral and ionic complexes is observed in CDCl3. Unlike ligand L1, ligand L2exhibits the tetradentate P(O),N3,N3,N3coordination in the [Ln(NO3)3L2] complexes with the same metals (Ln = La3+, Lu3+) in solutions. The efficiency of extraction of microquantities offelements from the aqueous phase to 1,2-dichloroethane by compounds L1and L2is discussed in comparison with the structures of the complexes of both ligands in solutions.
New cobalt complex with dihydroxycoumarin: synthesis and kinetics of its redox-activated dissociation
Authors: Spiridonov К. А. , Nikovskii I. A. , Antoshkina Е. P. , Khakina E. А. , Nelyubina Yu. V.
Published: September 2024

A new redox-active cobalt(III) complex containing the 2-oxo-2Н-chromene-6,7-diolate dianion and 4,4ʹ-dimethoxy-2,2ʹ-bipyridine as ligands is synthesized. The reduction of the sythesized complex with ascorbic acid in an inert atmosphere is studied in situ by NMR spectrocopy. The reduction is shown to result in the release of 6,7-dihydrocycoumarin acting as a model drug. This process has the first order with respect to the initial complex.
Effect of genetically engineered drugs in aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in rats
Authors: Shabaldin N. А. , Sinitskaya А. V. , Igisheva L. N. , Bogdanov L. А. , Shabaldin А. V.
Published: September 2024

Bone tissue is a dynamic structure with a metabolic function. The maintenance of bone homeostasis is carried out due to the continuous process of its renewal, remodeling. At the same time, a number of pathological processes, such as ischemic catastrophe, can lead to a violation of the balance of maintaining the constancy of the bone structure. One of these diseases is aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. The presented study analyzes the dynamics of expression of genes involved in maintaining bone tissue homeostasis, changes in the histological picture during the development of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in laboratory rats that did not receive genetically engineered drugs and against the background of the use of inhibitors of biological action IL-6, TNF-α. After induction of aseptic necrosis in the proximal epiphysis of the femur, the histological picture in animals of different groups was not the same. More preserved bone architectonics and a larger volume of bone plates were recorded in rats receiving genetically engineered drugs compared to animals without the introduction of biological agents. The latter also had the most vivid picture of osteodestruction with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes. In animals, against the background of the use of drugs of inhibitors of the biological action of IL-6, TNF-α, from the second week after induction of aseptic necrosis of the mRNA, the profile of the spongiose bone of the proximal epiphysis of the femur tended to increase the expression of osteoreparation genes. At the same time, the greatest inhibition of osteoclastogenesis gene expression was obtained in rats after injection of a monoclonal antibody to the IL-6 receptor.
Zebrafish аs а Promising Experimental Model of Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Shevlyakov A. D. , Ilyin N. P. , Galstyan D. S. , Ikrin A. N. , Kolesnikova T. O. , Apukhtin K. V. , Kotova M. M. , Nikitin V. S. , Amstislavskaya T. G. , Petersen E. V. , Kalueff A. V.
Published: September 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) involves various types of physical injuries to brain tissue. TBI is a highly heterogeneous clinical condition, whose symptoms include cognitive, motor and emotional deficits, as well as neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. Animal modeling plays a key role in studying TBI, expanding our knowledge of TBI and its temporal dynamics, and to develop new drugs for its treatment. Recently, the use of the bony zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an aquatic model organism has attracted particular interest in translational neurobiology. Zebrafish are presently second (after mice) laboratory animal species most used in biomedicine. Here, we discuss the prospects of using zebrafish to model TBI, as well as problems and new directions of research in this area. We also emphasize the importance of zebrafish as a highly translational model for studying the molecular mechanisms and neurological disorders in TBI, as well as screening for potential therapeutic agents.
Syndecan-1 as Potential Messenger of Effects of Remote Postconditioning in Experiments with Brain Ischemia
Authors: Kolpakova M. E. , Jakovleva A. A. , Poliakova L. S. , El Amghari H. , Soliman S. , Faizullina D. R. , Sharoyko V. V.
Published: September 2024

The mechanisms of cerebral reperfusion injury restriction by remote conditionig (RC) is interesting due to its possible effects on functional recovery after brain ischemia. The assessment of the role of syndecan-1 (SDC-1) and annexin-5 (ANXA5) content in blood plasma was performed by ischemic-reperfusion injury on middle cerebral artery model in rats. We used RC protocol. Randomized controlled trials were conducted. Ischemia had been done by MCAo (middle cerebral artery occlusion) by Belayev [6]. Animals used were the Wistar rat-males weighting 250 g. under general anesthesia (Zoletil 100 и Xylazine 2%). MCAo animals had been detected 41.4*±1.3 ng/ml SDC-1 plasma’s level (30%). MCAo animals with RC protocol had been detected 67.8**±5.8 ng/ml SDC-1 plasma’s level (112%). Infarction volume in MCAo animals’ brain reviled 31.97 ± 2.5% injury; the volume of infarction was 13.6 ± 1.3%. Swelling of tissue in МCАо animals with RC was 16 ± 2.1%; in contrary, in МCАо animals’ swelling of tissue was bigger up to 47 ± 3.3%. Correlation analysis in MCAo animals with RC reviled high direct correlation relationship between infarction area and muscle strength in the right forelimb (КК=0.72). Correlation analysis reviled very high inverse correlation between infarct area and capillary blood flow in МCАо animals with RC (p 0.01; r = -0.98). It is being discussed the SDC-1 protein in blood plasma may play role of potential regulator of infarct–limiting effects of remote ischemic postconditioning which cause functional recovery.
Investigating the Impact of Air Permeability and Thermal Properties on Rib Knit Structures
Authors:   School of Design, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Rajasthan, India, Guru Ramratan , Grewal Deepika ,   Giani Zail Singh Campus College of Engineering and Technology, MRSPTU, Bathinda, Punjab, India, Rani Jyoti ,   School of Fashion, Lovely Professional University, Phagawara, Punjab, India, Fangueiro Raul ,   School of Engineering, University of Minho, Guimaraes, Portugal, Santhanam Sakthivel ,   Department of Textile Technology, Park College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
Published: September 2024

Factors influencing the comfort and performance of knitted fabrics can be investigated to enhance the understanding and development of functional accessories. Issues related to the thermal regulation and moisture management of these materials are systematically explored in this research. Additionally, the effects of fibre type, yarn properties, fabric variables, and finishing methods are examined through the evaluation of physical properties relevant to the comfort of rib knit structures, particularly in sportswear design. 1x1 Rib knit 1structures were created using polyester spun, cotton spun, polyester filament, and viscose filament yarns with varying linear densities employing a KH-323N computerized flatbed knitting machine. Evaluations of physical properties, thermal characteristics, air permeability, antibacterial efficiency, and hydrophilic finish were conducted following ASTM standards and specific testing methods to thoroughly assess the quality and performance of the fabric. Significant insights into the physical and comfort properties of the fabrics were provided by the results. Varying thermal and air permeability characteristics were demonstrated by polyester-cotton and viscose-cotton fabrics. Thermal resistance and conductivity are influenced by filament denier, loop length, and knit structure, while these same factors affect air permeability. Air permeability is also impacted by finishing treatments, thereby highlighting the complex interplay between fabric properties and comfort. Advanced finishing techniques and novel fibre blends could be explored in future research to further optimize fabric comfort properties.
Use and Reuse of Animal Behavioral, Molecular, and Biochemical Data in Alzheimer’s Disease Research: Focus on 3Rs and Saving People’s Tax Dollars
Authors: Islam Md Ariful , Kshirsagar Sudhir , Reddy Arubala P. , Sehar Ujala , Reddy P. Hemachandra
Published: September 2024

Several decades of research on cell and animal models contributed tremendously to understanding human diseases. Particularly, research on rodents and non-human primates revealed that animal research is a major and important component in biomedical research in learning complex pathophysiological processes. Further, animal research helped us to understand human diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, animal research has also helped us to test hundreds of drugs and develop treatments for human use. Researchers can gain a better understanding of key biological and physiological processes in humans by comparing them to laboratory animals. Based on their relevance and resemblance to people, or even usual living conditions, scientists rationalize the use of particular animal models in their studies. It is suggested that in the National Institutes of Health and other agencies-funded research, animal models should be carefully selected to study the biology and pathophysiology of human health and diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. However, it is critical to use a minimum number of animals for human research. Further, it is also noted that the use and reuse of behavioral,  molecular, and biochemical data from wild-type (WT) control mice with mutant lines of disease models, as long as the genetic background is the same in both WT and disease mice. On the other hand, anonymous readers have challenged the use and reuse of WT mice data for comparison. In the current article, we discuss the minimum utility of animals, covering the 3Rs, Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement, and also discuss the use and reuse of behavioral, molecular, and biochemical data.
Identifying the degree of cornstarch adulteration in turmeric powder using optimized convolutional neural network
Authors: Mandal Dipankar , Nandi Debashis , Tudu Bipan , Chatterjee Arpitam
Published: September 2024

Adulteration in different spices is an emerging challenge in human civilization. It is commonly detected using different analytical and instrumental techniques. Despite good accuracy and precision many of such techniques are limited by their high processing time, skilled manpower requirement, expensive machinery and portability factor. Computer vision methodology driven by powerful convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures can be a possible way to address those limitations. This paper presents a CNN driven computer vision model which can detect cornstarch adulteration in turmeric powder along with the degree of adulteration. The model has been optimized using binary genetic algorithm (BGA) for improved performance and consistency. The experimentations presented in this paper were conducted with an in-house database prepared for 4 levels of adulteration and found to provide about 98% overall accuracy. The less expensive and faster detection capability of the model along with its mobility makes this proposal a promising addition to the existing spice adulteration screening methods.
A novel nearest neighbors algorithm based on power muirhead mean
Authors: Shahnazari Kourosh , Ayyoubzadeh Seyed Moein
Published: September 2024

This paper introduces the innovative Power Muirhead Mean K-Nearest Neighbors (PMM-KNN) algorithm, a novel data classification approach that combines the K-Nearest Neighbors method with the adaptive Power Muirhead Mean operator. The proposed methodology aims to address the limitations of traditional KNN by leveraging the Power Muirhead Mean for calculating the local means of K-nearest neighbors in each class to the query sample. Extensive experimentation on diverse benchmark datasets demonstrates the superiority of PMM-KNN over other classification methods. Results indicate statistically significant improvements in accuracy on various datasets, particularly those with complex and high-dimensional distributions. The adaptability of the Power Muirhead Mean empowers PMM-KNN to effectively capture underlying data structures, leading to enhanced accuracy and robustness. The findings highlight the potential of PMM-KNN as a powerful and versatile tool for data classification tasks, encouraging further research to explore its application in real-world scenarios and the automation of Power Muirhead Mean parameters to unleash its full potential.
Correlation Between the Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation and Cognitive Defects in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , You Jie , Qao Qun , Qi Xinyang , Shi Jingping , Li Junrong
Published: September 2024

Background:

The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFFs) can detect spontaneous brain activity. However, the association between abnormal brain activity and cognitive function, amyloid protein (Aβ), and emotion in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients remains unclear.

Objective:

This study aimed to survey alterations in fALFF in different frequency bands and the relationship between abnormal brain activity, depressive mood, and cognitive function to determine the potential mechanism of AD.

Methods:

We enrolled 34 AD patients and 32 healthy controls (HC). All the participants underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging, and slow-4 and slow-5 fALFF values were measured. Subsequently, the study determined the correlation of abnormal brain activity with mood and cognitive function scores.

Results:

AD patients revealed altered mfALFF values in the slow-5 and slow-4 bands. In the slow-4 band, the altered mfALFF regions were the right cerebellar crus I, right inferior frontal orbital gyrus (IFOG), right supramarginal gyrus, right precuneus, angular gyrus, and left middle cingulate gyrus. Elevated mfALFF values in the right IFOG were negatively associated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores, Boston Naming Test, and Aβ1–42 levels. The mfALFF value of the AD group was lower than the HC group in the slow-5 band, primarily within the right inferior parietal lobule and right precuneus.

Conclusions:

Altered mfALFF values in AD patients are linked with cognitive dysfunction. Compared with HCs, Aβ1–42 levels in AD patients are related to abnormal IFOG activity. Therefore, mfALFF could be a potential biomarker of AD.
Is there a quantitative relationship between democracy and official statistics?
Authors: Di Gennaro Luca
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of this article is to show the quantitative relationship between political regimes and the quality of the national statistical systems. The data exploratory analysis, usually treated from a qualitative point of view, shows a strong correlation between democracy and official statistics, a thesis confirmed in all continents. The most democratic countries are the ones with the best statistical performance. In fact, among the top 10 democracies, five are also in the top 10 for statistical performance. The correlation between democracy and statistical performance is about 70 percent, although over the years 2016–2022, it has been slightly decreasing. The country’s statistical performance is affected by political regime. The main indicators employed for this analysis are the Democracy Index by The Economist, and the Statistical Performance Indicators by the World Bank. The use of these global indicators, encompassing an entire range of years and countries, is unusual in statistical analysis.
Accessibility and usability of self-serve kiosks for blind and partially sighted Canadians
Authors: Vozza Jaclin , Knot Michaela , Reynolds Carson , Moll Sandra , Durocher Evelyne , Petrie Samuel , Sukhai Mahadeo , Gewurtz Rebecca
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Approximately 7.4% of Canadians over the age of 15 report being blind or partially sighted; this impacts their daily functioning in public spaces [1]. Technological advances have included the proliferation of self-serve kiosk in many consumer settings. However, absent from discussions of community accessibility is the experiences of Canadians who are blind or partially sighted.

OBJECTIVE:

To better understand the experiences of this population with self-serve kiosks.

METHODS:

A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to analyze survey data collected as part of a survey by Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) of people who are blind, Deafblind partially sighted about their use of self-serve kiosks. 731 participants were surveyed, representing a response rate of 3.5% across Canada.

RESULTS:

64.14% of participants faced barriers in completing a task using self-serve technology. Human assistance was required to complete the tasks in most instances. 65.74% of participants reported they did not enjoy using self-serve kiosks and 60.90% of participants reported they would not continue to use self-serve kiosks in the future.

CONCLUSIONS:

The findings highlight a need to promote accessibility in the creation and implementation of self-serve kiosks in order to further their use and decrease exclusion of people who are blind and partially sighted.
Safety and feasibility of “Pant-Shaped” anastomosis in laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy: Study of 210 cases at a single center
Authors: Wang Bing , Wu Zehui , Liu Gang , Liu Ben , Yang Wanchao , Yang Chao , Shi Lianghui
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Advancements in laparoscopic technology have popularized laparoscopic total gastrectomy over traditional open surgery, yet postoperative complications like anastomotic leakage and stenosis persist, particularly in esophagojejunostomy. To address this, since 2017, the authors have introduced the “Pant-Shaped” esophagojejunostomy as an improvement over the classic Roux-en-Y method, especially beneficial for patients with small intestinal diameters or those with gastric body cancer or Siewert III.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the viability and safety of employing ‘Pant-Shaped’ anastomosis following laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy.

METHODS:

A method of descriptive case study was used. In our department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, records of 210 patients who underwent laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy for gastric body cancer or adenocarcinoma at the junction of esophagus and jejunum with “Pant-Shaped” anastomosis between January 2017 and December 2022 were examined. Clinicopathological features and postoperative conditions were also examined and assessed.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the 164 male and 46 female research participants was 69.2 [Formula: see text] 8.3 years. There was a mean estimated blood loss of 63.4 [Formula: see text] 29.7 ml, an anastomosis time of 25.9 [Formula: see text] 3.0 minutes, an operation time of 208.2 [Formula: see text] 40.4 minutes, and a postoperative hospital stay of 12.2 [Formula: see text] 8.0 days. Nine patients (4.3%) experienced postoperative problems (Clavien-Dindo [Formula: see text] grade II), including two episodes of anastomotic leakage that were resolved with irrigation and drainage, anti-infection therapy, and nutritional assistance. After an unforeseen reoperation, two cases of duodenal stump leaking were resolved. Anastamotic hemorrhage was treated with hemostasis and blood transfusion, and the patient made a full recovery. Due to a Peterson’s hernia, one patient required emergent open surgery. three months subsequent to LATG.

CONCLUSIONS:

The “Pant-Shaped” anastomosis method after laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy is simple, easy to promote, and has fewer complications. It is a safe and feasible modified method for esophagojejunostomy, especially suitable for patients with poor intestinal dilation and contraction ability and small jejunal diameter.
Effects of Bushen Huoxue on integrin β3 and integrin β5 in the placental tissue of mice with repeated implantation failure caused by phospholipid antibodies
Authors: Han Yongmei , Liu Xinyu , Meng Xinwan
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the Kidney-Tonifying and Blood-Activating Formula on combating the downregulation of integrin [Formula: see text]3 and integrin [Formula: see text]5 in mouse placental tissue induced by phospholipid antibodies.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to investigate the effects of kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formulations on combating the downregulation of integrin [Formula: see text]3 and integrin [Formula: see text]5 in mouse placental tissue induced by phospholipid antibodies.

METHODS:

Mice in the phospholipid antibody group and phospholipid antibody [Formula: see text] kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formula group underwent repeated implantation experiments, and the expression of integrin [Formula: see text]3 and integrin [Formula: see text]5 in placental tissue was observed. The effects of the kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formula on mouse placental tissue were evaluated through biochemical index tests, histopathological observations, and immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTS:

After intervention with the kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formula, the expression of integrin [Formula: see text]3 and integrin [Formula: see text]5 in placental tissue was notably upregulated, and placental structure was restored. Kidney-Tonifying and Blood-Activating Formula significantly improved abnormal biochemical indices and exerted a remarkable protective effect on placental tissue pathology.

CONCLUSION:

The kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formula effectively counteracted the downregulation of integrin [Formula: see text]3 and integrin [Formula: see text]5 in mouse placental tissue induced by phospholipid antibodies and alleviated placental tissue pathology through structural improvement and protection. Therefore, kidney-tonifying and blood-activating formulas may serve as potential therapeutic agents for recurrent implantation failure, offering new insights and approaches for clinical treatment.
The genetic potential of toxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from calves and piglets
Authors: Tischenko Aleksandr , Koschaev Andrey , Milovanov Aleksandr Valerievich , Elisyutikova Anastasiya Vasil'evna , Terehov Vladimir Ivanovich , Malysheva Tat'yana Vyacheslavovna
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The study aims to genetically characterize diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolated from cattle and pigs. The main propose is genetic potential responsible for the production of exotoxins in pathogenic E. coli, the causative agents of escherichiosis in calves and piglets. The scientific novelty of the work consists in deciphering the genomes of diarrheogenic E. coli with the presence of nucleotide sequences of several exotoxins, including thermolabile, thermostable and shigap-like, as well as colicins, hemolysins and cyclomodulins, which have pathogenetic significance in the development of escherichia infection in calves and piglets. The study was carried out using microbiological and molecular genetic methods of research and mass spectrometric analysis. As a result, 135 E. coli isolates were subjected to genetic screening by polymerase chain reaction in agarose gel. It was found that 68 (50.36 %) escherichia had toxigenicity markers, while the thermolabile exotoxin gene was recorded more often than others (48.5 %), and the majority was recorded in E. coli isolated from piglets (29.4 %). In 19 (27.9 %) isolates, the presence of genes encoding the production of several exotoxins was established. According to the results of the polymerase-chain reaction, 4 E. coli isolates with a different set of nucleotide sequences responsible for the production of two or more exotoxins at the same time were subjected to genome-wide sequencing. The Escherichia genomes were assembled and annotated and deposited in the NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline database under the general number BioProject PRJNA887444. Further studies of E. coli genes and their role in the pathogenic potential of escherichiosis pathogens are needed for the subsequent development of effective means of preventing and controlling infection.
Budist Anlatı Metinleri Üzerine Eski Uygurca Fragmanlar
Authors: Özcan Betül
Published: September 2024

Eski Uygur edebiyatının büyük bir bölümünü oluşturan Budist metinler tripiṭaka (üç sepet) adı verilen Sanskritçe kitap külliyatına dâhildir. Söz konusu külliyat, Budist Uygur edebiyatının en hacimli ve bütünlüklü eseri olan Daśakarmapathaavadānamālā’yı (kısaca DKPAM) da içerisinde barındırmaktadır. Birbiriyle bağlantılı hikâyelerden meydana gelen bu eser on bölümden oluşmaktadır. Eserin her bir bölümü Budizm’deki on kötü davranış biçimini konu almaktadır: Canlı bir varlığı öldürmek, hırsızlık yapmak, zina etmek, yalan söylemek, iftira atmak, küfürlü ve kaba sözler söylemek, riyakârlık yapmak, kıskançlık yapmak, öfkelenmek ve aykırı fikirde olmak. Bu çalışmanın konusunu da oluşturan U 1988 ve bazı satırlarda U 1988 ile paralellik gösteren U 1984 numaralı fragmanlar, DKPAM’e ait metin parçalarıdır. U 1865 ve U 1866 numaralı fragmanlar ise hangi Eski Uygurca metnin parçası olduğu belirlenemeyen ancak türlü meselelerin işlendiği Budist anlatılardan oluşmaktadır. Söz konusu fragmanlar bugün Berlin Turfan Koleksiyonu’nda korunmaktadır. Budist anlatı metinlerine ait bu metin parçaları 100 satır hacminde olup arşiv numaraları şu şekildedir: U 1988 (T III T V 60b) + U 1984 (T III T V 57); U 1865 (T II Y 37) ve U 1866 (T II Y 37). Çalışmada bahsi geçen fragmanların yazı çevirimine, harf çevirisine, Türkiye Türkçesine aktarımına, metne ilişkin açıklamalarına ve sözlük/dizinine yer verilmiştir.
Synthesis of Novel PCMX Derivative
Authors: Tanuja P. Parulekar  , Vijay D. Gangan
Published: September 2024

Chloroxylenol, or parachlorometaxylenol (PCMX), is an antiseptic and disinfectant agent used for skin disinfection and surgical instruments. It is found in antibacterial soaps, wound-cleansing applications, and household antiseptics. Their analogues viz. hybrid / ester molecules also possess various biological activities which prompted us to synthesize a novel analogue for their future application as bioactive molecule. The synthesized compound was unambiguously characterized by IR, 1HNMR, elemental analysis and mass spectral data.
ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ВИКЛИКИ У ВПРОВАДЖЕННІ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ У СФЕРІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: ШЕВЧУК Юрій , ЛУКАЧ Віталій
Published: September 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню і визначенню проблем та викликів у впровадженні механізмів публічного управління у сфері національної безпеки в Україні. Зазначено, що існує потреба подальшого дослідження даного питання та систематизації наукових підходів. Констатовано, що сфера національної безпеки та оборони входила та і наразі входить до числа найбільш гострих питань для розгляду та дослідження, оскільки від неї залежить повна захищеність життєво важливих інтересів людини, суспільства та і держави в цілому. Автором зазначено, що під механізмами публічного управління у сфері національної безпеки в Україні слід вважати систему інструментів, принципів, методів за допомогою яких здійснюється взаємодія між суб’єктами інституційної структури національної безпеки задля досягнення визначених цілей та завдань. У статті звертається увага на те, що підіймаючи питання впровадження механізмів публічного управління у сфері національної безпеки в Україні найперше, на чому ми маємо наголосити – це складність здійснення ефективних довгострокових змін в умовах воєнного часу. У статті охарактеризовано основні проблеми (інституційні, законодавчі, економічні, інформаційно-комунікаційні, соціальні, культурні, психологічні (ментальні)) та виклики (громадська безпека та громадський порядок; корупція; залежність національної економіки від поставок енергетичної сировини; незадовільна конкурентоспроможність української економіки та декапіталізація національного багатства, зокрема промислового, енергетичної, транспортної та житлової інфраструктури) у впровадженні механізмів публічного управління у сфері національної безпеки в Україні.
ДЕРЖАВНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ У ВІЙСЬКОВІЙ СФЕРІ В УКРАЇНІ У ПЕРІОД З 1991 ПО 2014 РОКИ
Authors: ЯЦИНО Олег , ЛЯХ Вадим
Published: September 2024

У публікації автор на основі літератури та законодавчих документів розкриває специфіку ситуації, яка склалася у військовій сфері після проголошення незалежності України у період з 1991 по 2014 рр. Проаналізовано ключові етапи становлення та розвитку Збройних Сил України, зокрема, перехід від радянської моделі до спроби створення національних збройних сил. Розглянуто питання зміни військової структури, технічного оснащення, кадрової політики та викликів, що постали перед Україною в умовах політичних та економічних змін. Зазначено, що крім ядерного роззброєння (Будапештський меморандум), Україна також проводила звичайне роззброєння і скорочення особового складу військ. За перші двадцять років незалежності країна ліквідувала значну кількість звичайних озброєнь, від стратегічних бомбардувальників до старих боєприпасів та мін. Одночасно відбувалося скорочення чисельності Збройних Сил – все це тривало до початку російсько-української війни 2014 р. У часи президентства Януковича систематично руйнувались органи військового управління, бойові підрозділи Збройних Сил, а зі стратегічних документів зникла росія як імовірний противник. Економічна криза в Україні в 90-х роках значно відобразилося на Збройних силах. Однією з найгостріших проблем у процесі становлення Збройних Сил України стала проблема Чорноморського флоту. Мета публікації ‒ охарактеризувати державне управління у військовій сфері у період незалежності України (1991–2014).
The sixth generation of three native chickens: expected response, mortality, body weight, and productivity
Authors: Faruque Shakila , Bhuiyan A. K. Fazlul Haque , Hossain Md. Tareq , Sarker Md. Sazedul Karim , Islam Md Hafizul , Ali Md Zulfekar
Published: September 2024

The study aimed to assess the performance of three native chicken genotypes over six generations under intensive management. A total of 1488 day-old chicks (Naked Neck, NN-316; Hilly, HI-535; and Non-descript Deshi, ND-637) were used to produce the sixth generation (G6). Adult birds were individually housed with feeders and drinkers. Concentrate feed containing 20.06 % CP and 2908 Kcal ME/kg DM; 18.13 % CP and 2904 Kcal ME/kg DM and 16.33 % CP and 2845 Kcal ME/kg DM, were fed twice daily in the morning and evening to the birds during the brooding, growing and laying periods, respectively. Significant differences in body weight at 8th week was observed, with HI genotype having the highest weight (705.76g). NN genotype had slightly higher chick mortality (3.79 %) compared to ND (3.13 %) and HI (2.80 %) between 0–8 weeks. Age at first egg was affected by genotype, with ND, HI, and NN laying at 148.84, 152.39, and 153.24 days, respectively. Fertility was also influenced by genotype, with the highest hatchability in ND (88.98 %), intermediate in HI (83.72 %), and lowest in NN (79.99 %). In conclusion, HI genotype is recommended for meat production, while NN genotype is suitable for egg production. Continued selection of indigenous chicken lines is advised for further improvement.
Prevalence, genetic characteristics and economic losses of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMD) in global and Bangladesh context: A Review
Authors: Ali Md Zulfekar , Dewan Dolly , Khan Md Mizanur Rahman , Meher Mirza Mienur
Published: September 2024

Foot and Mouth disease virus (FMD) is a transboundary animal disease (TAD) affecting global cloven-hooved wild and domesticated animals. It is recognized as a significant economic infectious disease in the livestock business. Domesticated animals such as goats, sheep, cattle, pigs, and buffalo are vulnerable hosts for FMD. This RNA virus is classified as a member of the Aphthovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family. It encompasses around 60 subtypes and is divided into seven serotypes: C, O, A, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3, and Asia1. There is no cross-protection across different serotypes, and occasionally, the effectiveness of vaccination may be restricted, even when targeting the same serotype. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and classify the viruses currently in circulation, mainly when vaccination is employed for disease management. Hence, it is necessary to administer multivalent vaccines with genetically matching vaccines in circulation to ensure adequate protection through immunization. Bangladesh has a high cattle population, and FMD leads to significant economic losses for farmers. Serotypes A, O, and Asia 1 are circulating in Bangladesh. The most common serotype is O, although Bangladesh has reported multiple serotype infections. Strategic vaccination, immunity screening, and outbreak surveillance are being examined for FMD management in Bangladesh. This review analyses FMD epidemiology, genetics, diagnostics, economic impacts, and prevention-control efforts worldwide, emphasizing Bangladesh. Finally, the study recommends FMD management advice for endemic settings.
Paravertebral block with lignocaine-bupivacaine mixture in goats
Authors: Bolaji-Alabi F. B. , Rasaq H. I. , Ogunro B. N. , Akinniyi O. O.
Published: September 2024

Loco-regional anaesthesia and sedation protocols are becoming more popular in ruminant. This research compared some effects of xylazine or acepromazine in combination with lignocaine-bupivacaine mixture for paravertebral nerve block in goats. Twenty adult, apparently healthy West African Dwarf goats were randomly allocated to two groups (five males and five females each). Each group received either xylazine (0.05 mg/kg) + 2 % lignocaine (2mg/kg) – 0.5 % bupivacaine (0.95 mg/kg) mixture (XLB) or acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) + lignocaine-bupivacaine mixture (ALB). Clinical parameters were recorded immediately (0 minutes) and at 10-minute intervals for an hour and 24 hours. Venipuncture was carried out via jugular vein for haematology before administration of drug (B0), 30 minutes (B30), 60 minutes (B60) and 24 hours (B24). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented as mean and standard deviation at a significance level of 0.05. The onset of deep sedation following administration of acepromazine was 31.5 ± 0.97, while it was 2.90 ± 0.57 for xylazine. Acepromazine significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the rectal temperatures (RT) of the goats within the first 20 minutes and significantly reduced the respiratory rates of the goats when compared to xylazine. None of the drugs significantly altered the heart rate of the goats. None of the changes in haematological parameters was statistically significant across the sampling time frame. However, red cell parameters (Packed cell volume, red blood cell count, and haemoglobin concentration) and Lymphocyte count were significantly depressed after XLB administration. All the haematological changes were restored to pre-anaesthetic values after 24hours. This study demonstrates that xylazine can be a beneficial alternative and desirable for emergencies in minor ruminant sedation.
The state of the system of antioxidant protection of the body of dogs during toxocariasis invasion
Authors: Tokar I. V. , Stybel V. V. , Gutyj B. V. , Honcharov O. L.
Published: September 2024

Among the invasive diseases of dogs, the most common in our country and abroad is gastrointestinal helminthiasis, among which the leading place is occupied by toxocarosis. Adult toxocara cause an intestinal form of the disease, and the larvae – a visceral one. In the process of migration and vital activity, toxocar larvae cause severe damage to the body of dogs up to death. The work aimed to determine the effect of toxocariasis on the enzymatic and non-enzymatic links of the system of antioxidant protection of the dog's body. Twelve two- to four-month-old dogs were used for experimental research, and two groups of six animals each were formed: control and experimental. Puppies of the control group were clinically healthy. Puppies of the experimental group were experimentally infected with the causative agent of toxocarosis at a dose of 5,000 invasive T. canis eggs per kg of body weight. It was established that the antioxidant protection system of the dog's body is inhibited during toxocariasis infection, which is indicated by a decrease in the activity of the enzyme link and indicators of the glutathione system. Under the conditions of experimental toxocarosis invasion, a decrease in the activity of the enzyme link of the system of antioxidant protection of the dog's body was established, as indicated by a reduction in the activity of catalase by 51.9 %, superoxide dismutase by 33.4 %. The development of toxocariasis in dogs is also accompanied by depletion of the glutathione-dependent link of the antioxidant defense system. In infected dogs, a decrease in the content of reduced glutathione in their blood was established by 31.1 % (Р < 0.01), glutathione peroxidase activity – by 26.6 % (Р < 0.001), glutathione reductase activity – by 22.2 % (Р < 0.001). The lowest activity of enzymes of the antioxidant system and the content of reduced glutathione in the blood of infected dogs of the experimental group was established on the 28th day of the experiment.
ТЕМНИЙ ТУРИЗМ В УКРАЇНІ: КУЛЬТУРНІ АСПЕКТИ, ЕТИЧНІ ВИКЛИКИ ТА МОЖЛИВОСТІ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Хохлов Максим
Published: September 2024

У статті наведено теоретичні та розглянуто практичні аспекти темного туризму як спеціального виду туризму. Виявлено особливості, які роблять даний вид туризму актуальним в умовах сьогодення. Шляхом теоретичного аналізу класифіковано існуючі види темного туризму та сформульовано авторське трактування його з точки зору сучасного культурологічного феномену. Проаналізовано культурні аспекти, етичні виклики та можливості темного туризму в умовах війни за допомогою реалізації польового дослідження серед такої групи респондентів як «активні туристи внутрішнього ринку». За результатами обробки даних проведеного дослідження, було зроблено висновки щодо перспектив розвитку темного туризму в Україні в умовах війни та запропоновано рекомендації, націлені на формування нових конкурентних переваг внутрішнього туристичного ринку шляхом збереження ідентичності нових об’єктів темного туризму, які з’явились через війну.