bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enabling interpretable machine learning for biological data with reliability scores
Authors: Ahlquist K. D. , Sugden Lauren A. , Ramachandran Sohini
Published: May 2023

Machine learning tools have proven useful across biological disciplines, allowing researchers to draw conclusions from large datasets, and opening up new opportunities for interpreting complex and heterogeneous biological data. Alongside the rapid growth of machine learning, there have also been growing pains: some models that appear to perform well have later been revealed to rely on features of the data that are artifactual or biased; this feeds into the general criticism that machine learning models are designed to optimize model performance over the creation of new biological insights. A natural question arises: how do we develop machine learning models that are inherently interpretable or explainable? In this manuscript, we describe the SWIF(r) reliability score (SRS), a method building on the SWIF(r) generative framework that reflects the trustworthiness of the classification of a specific instance. The concept of the reliability score has the potential to generalize to other machine learning methods. We demonstrate the utility of the SRS when faced with common challenges in machine learning including: 1) an unknown class present in testing data that was not present in training data, 2) systemic mismatch between training and testing data, and 3) instances of testing data that have missing values for some attributes. We explore these applications of the SRS using a range of biological datasets, from agricultural data on seed morphology, to 22 quantitative traits in the UK Biobank, and population genetic simulations and 1000 Genomes Project data. With each of these examples, we demonstrate how the SRS can allow researchers to interrogate their data and training approach thoroughly, and to pair their domain-specific knowledge with powerful machine-learning frameworks. We also compare the SRS to related tools for outlier and novelty detection, and find that it has comparable performance, with the advantage of being able to operate when some data are missing. The SRS, and the broader discussion of interpretable scientific machine learning, will aid researchers in the biological machine learning space as they seek to harness the power of machine learning without sacrificing rigor and biological insight.
Mapping the risk of Rift Valley fever in Uganda using national seroprevalence data from cattle, sheep and goats
Authors: Tumusiime Dan , Isingoma Emmanuel , Tashoroora Optato B. , Ndumu Deo B. , Bahati Milton , Nantima Noelina , Mugizi Denis Rwabiita , Jost Christine , Bett Bernard
Published: May 2023

Uganda has had repeated outbreaks of Rift Valley fever (RVF) since March 2016 when human and livestock cases were reported in Kabale after a long interval. The disease has a complex and poorly described transmission patterns which involves several mosquito vectors and mammalian hosts (including humans). We conducted a national serosurvey in livestock to determine RVF virus (RVFV) seroprevalence, risk factors, and to develop a risk map that could be used to guide risk-based surveillance and control measures. A total of 3,253 animals from 175 herds were sampled. Serum samples collected were screened at the National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Centre (NADDEC) using a competition multispecies anti-RVF IgG ELISA kit. Data obtained were analyzed using a Bayesian model that utilizes integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) and stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) approaches to estimate posterior distributions of model parameters, and account for spatial autocorrelation. Variables considered included animal level factors (age, sex, species) and multiple environmental data including meteorological factors, soil types, and altitude. A risk map was generated by projecting fitted (mean) values, from a final model that had environmental factors onto a spatial grid that covered the entire domain. The overall RVFV seroprevalence was 11.3% (95% confidence interval: 10.2–12.3%). Higher RVFV seroprevalences were observed in older animals compared to the young, and cattle compared to sheep and goats. RVFV seroprevalence was also higher in areas that had (i) lower precipitation seasonality, (ii) haplic planosols, and (iii) lower cattle density. The risk map generated demonstrated that RVF virus was endemic in several regions including those that have not reported clinical outbreaks in the northeastern part of the country. This work has improved our understanding on spatial distribution of RVFV risk in the country as well as the expected burden of the disease in livestock.
No evidence for seasonal variations of the incidence of testicular germ cell tumours in Germany
Authors: Dieckmann Klaus-Peter , Isbarn Hendrik , Trocchi Pietro , Kießling Marvin , Wülfing Christian , Stang Andreas
Published: May 2023

The pathogenesis of testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs) is still incompletely understood. Any progress in its understanding must derive from observational studies. Recently, it has been suggested that the incidence of GCTs may follow a seasonal pattern based on circannual changes in the Vitamin D serum levels, with maximum incidence rates in winter months. To examine this promising hypothesis, we studied monthly incidence rates of testicular GCTs in Germany by analysing 30,988 GCT cases aged 15–69 years, diagnosed during 2009–2019. Monthly incident case numbers with data regarding histology and patient age were obtained from the Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, along with annual male population counts. We used precision weighting for deriving pooled monthly incidence rates for GCTs of the period 2009–2019. We stratified pooled rates by histology (seminoma and nonseminoma) and age (15–39 and 40–69 years). By assuming a cyclical effect, we used an estimator of the intensity of seasonal occurrence and report seasonal relative risks (RR). The mean monthly incidence rate was 11.93/105 person-months. The seasonal RR for testicular cancer over-all is 1.022 (95% CI 1.000–1.054). The highest seasonal RR was found in the subgroup of nonseminoma aged 15–39 years, with a RR 1.044 (95% CI 1.000–1.112). The comparison of the pooled monthly rates of the winter months (October—March) with the summer months (April-September) revealed a maximum relative difference of 5% (95% CI 1–10%) for nonseminoma, aged 15–39 years. We conclude that there is no evidence of a seasonal variation of incidence rates of testicular cancer. Our results are at odds with an Austrian study, but the present data appear sound because the results were obtained with precision weighted monthly incidence rates in a large population of GCT cases.
Branched flows of flexural elastic waves in non-uniform cylindrical shells
Authors: Jose Kevin , Ferguson Neil , Bhaskar Atul
Published: May 2023

Propagation of elastic waves along the axis of cylindrical shells is of great current interest due to their ubiquitous presence and technological importance. Geometric imperfections and spatial variations of properties are inevitable in such structures. Here we report the existence of branched flows of flexural waves in such waveguides. The location of high amplitude motion, away from the launch location, scales as a power law with respect to the variance, and linearly with respect to the correlation length of the spatial variation in the bending stiffness. These scaling laws are then theoretically derived from the ray equations. Numerical integration of the ray equations also exhibit this behaviour—consistent with finite element numerical simulations as well as the theoretically derived scaling. There appears to be a universality for the exponents in the scaling with respect to similar observations in the past for waves in other physical contexts, as well as dispersive flexural waves in elastic plates.
Standing Down, Standing Together: Coalition-Building at Standing Rock
Authors: Silvestri Lisa
Published: May 2023

This essay explores coalition-building as a confluence of space and embodiment. In particular, the author studies the relationship between U.S. military Veterans and Lakota protestors during the 2016 and 2017 anti-Pipeline Demonstrations at Standing Rock. A critical analysis of the case study brings to light a set of workable practices that involve situating physical bodies together in space, locating the situated-self relative to other people and the world, and performing an enlarged understanding of the self as always potentially coalitional. Together, these practices contribute to forming not only a functional social alliance but also a transformative coalitional consciousness.
Tujuan Pemidanaan dalam Islam
Authors: Ocktoberrinsyah Ocktoberrinsyah
Published: May 2023

Pemidanaan atau pemberian hukuman bagi pelaku tindak kejahatan dalam ajaran Islam, sering dipandang sebagai sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan Hak Azazi Manusia (HAM). Padahal sesungguhnya pemidanaan dalam Islam justru menegakkan HAM itu sendiri, agar tidak dikebiri oleh dalih HAM versi manusia. Untuk itulah perlu analisis yang mendalam tentang apa yang menjadi main goal dari pemidanaan dalam Islam. Ulasan ini tidak hanya menjadi relevan bagi intern umat Islam (hukum pidana Islam) tetapi bagi manusia keseluruhan (hukum pidana positif).
CONSTITUTIONAL COMPLAINT PERSPEKTIF POLITIK HUKUM (Menyoal Keadilan Hukum dan Hak Konstitusi di Indonesia)
Authors: Najichah Najichah
Published: May 2023

Tulisan ini membahas constitutional complaint (pengaduan konstitusional) sebagai upaya hukum terhadap pelanggaran hak-hak konstitusional warga negara. Perlindungan hak-hak dasar manusia yang selanjutnya disebut hak konstitusi adalah salah satu unsur yang mutlak harus ada dalam negara hukum. UUD 1945 sebagai dasar konstitusi Indonesia secara tegas menyatakan mengakui dan melindungi hak-hak konstitusi warga negara, namun pada nyatanya banyak perkara yang diajukan ke Mahkamah Konstitusi yang terindikasi melanggar hak konstitusi karena produk hukum yang dikeluarkan pemerintah, sementara semua upaya hukum yang ada telah ditempuh oleh pihak pengadu tidak dapat diadili. Oleh karena itu, muncul gagasan constitutional complaint. Constitutional complaint adalah pengaduan konstitusional yang diajukan oleh pengadu karena kelalaian pejabat publik yang diduga melanggar hak konstitusional pengadu. Constitutional complaint pada umumnya baru dapat diajukan apabila segala upaya hukum yang tersedia sudah dilalui atau tidak ada upaya hukum lagi. Asumsi dasar yang dibangun dalam teori politik hukumadalah “hukum merupakan produk politik” yang niscaya terjadi pelanggaran terhadap hak konstitusi warga negara, maka dibutuhkan seperangkat mekanisme hukum yang berfungsi sebagai penyaring isi sekaligus instrumen dan mekanisme yang harus menjamin bahwa politik hukum harus sesuai dengan cita-cita dan tujuan bangsa dan negara.
Indeks Artikel dan Ucapan Terima Kasih
Authors: Inright Inright
Published: May 2023

Redaksi Jurnal IN RIGHT dalam edisi terbitan Vol. 6, No. 1, November 2016 ini menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada para mitra bebestari atas kesediaan waktu dan partisipasi aktif mereka dalam prosespembacaan kelayakan naskah-naskah yang masuk kepada redaksi. Mitra bebestari yang dimaksud adalah:1. Prof. Dr. H. Abd. Salam Arief, M.A2. Prof. Drs. H. Akh. Minhaji, M.A., Ph.D3. Prof. Noorhaidi Hasan, M.A., M.Phil., Ph.D4. Dr. Ahmad Patiroy, M.Si5. Dr. Ocktoberrinsyah, M.Ag
Klasifikasi Ulasan Fasilitas Publik Menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes dengan Seleksi Fitur Chi-Square
Authors: Permana Adhitya Prayoga , Chamidy Totok , Crysdian Cahyo
Published: May 2023

Government builds public facilities to support the needs of the community. The use of these public facilities needs to be re-evaluated, and one way to do it is through community response. Google Maps is one platform that receives the most responses from the community about location. Google Maps Reviews allow us to see how the public reacts to a location. Naïve Bayes method is used for classification in this study because it is one of the simple methods in machine learning that can be easily applied to several experiments conducted by the author. In the classification process, reviews produce many features that will be calculated based on their class. More features generated, more features processed too in the system. Chi-Square feature selection will be used to reduce features that have low dependence on the system. In this study, performance values will be calculated based on the experimental use of feature ratios of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. The results show that the use of 10% Chi-Square features produces the best performance, with an accuracy rate of 86.94%, precision of 80.42%, recall of 80.42%, and f-measure of 80.42%.
Aproximación al riesgo de contagio intralaboral sectorial en el departamento del Atlántico según las principales ocupaciones de cada sector
Authors: Nieto Martelo Brandon Jair , Anillo Yepes Valentina , Puche Carrascal Kelina Mariely
Published: May 2023

Se presenta el riesgo de contagio para las ramas más importantes en la genera-ción de empleo en el departamento del Atlántico según el grado de exposición a enfermedades y la proximidad física en el desarrollo de sus oficios. Los cálculos del riesgo de contagio se realizan en atención a la información de la Occupatio-nal Information Network (O*NET) del Departamento de Trabajo de los Estados Unidos y ajustados a la realidad del mercado laboral del departamento. Los resul-tados muestran que la supervisión del cumplimiento de protocolos de biosegu-ridad presenta un escenario complejo, ya que la participación de las pymes toma valores iguales o superiores al 80 % en sus 15 principales ramas de la Clasifica-ción de Actividades Económicas (CIIU).
Functional analysis for PIICO IoT platform
Authors: Sánchez-Martin Andrés Armando , Gutiérrez-Duarte Sergio Alonso , Martínez-Ballesteros Johana Carolina , Gutiérrez-Bernal Félix Julián , Villanueva-Navarro Sebastián Enrique , Ochoa-Ortiz Juan José , Pachón-Robayo David Santiago
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the main challenges of an Internet of Things (IoT) platform. In this sense, an interoperability platform for IoT devices, called PIICO, is presented in the frame of an agriculture application. PIICO is a platform able to resolve interoperability between components and has the potential to be a stable IoT platform. Improvements opportunities of the main IoT PIICO components (nodes, gateway, and data analytics platform) are presented and discussed. The proposed improvements will make that an IoT platform improves its functionality, operation, security, and performance.
Dispositivo inteligente artificial para monitoreo de estado físico y anímico en oncología torácica pulmonar: una propuesta
Authors: González-Gutiérrez Leonardo , Caicedo-Eraso Julio César , Varón-Serna Diana Rocio
Published: May 2023

En el mundo una de las principales causas de muertes es el cáncer pulmonar, en Estados Unidos se estimaba 135.720 muertes por cáncer pulmonar para el año 2020 sin tener en cuenta la contingencia mundial de la pandemia de Covid-19. Este tipo de cáncer se hace más frecuente en países pocos desarrollados, en Colombia mueren alrededor de 3.875 personas anualmente por cáncer pulmonar. Con el avance de la tecnología se han desarrollado algoritmos capaces de detectar cáncer en una fase muy temprana con base a radiografías. Este proyecto tiene como objetivo usar la inteligencia artificial para analizar el estado físico y anímico en pacientes con cáncer pulmonar, usando un dispositivo inteligente capaz de obtener los signos vitales y utilizar modelos de machine learning para analizar su estado actual, podrá ser de uso para pacientes en clínicas oncológicas o en su lugar de residencia, el médico encargado podrá usar esta herramienta para diagnosticar a su paciente de forma más efectiva y hacer el debido seguimiento en sus quimioterapias.
Reconstrucción 3D de órgano a partir de imágenes de Tomografía Axial Computarizada (TC) usando Matlab
Authors: Galeano-Galeano Sara Daniela , Mora-González Miguel Esteban , Espinosa-Medina Ricardo Alonso
Published: May 2023

El procesamiento tridimensional y la reconstrucción de las regiones anatómicas a partir de imágenes médicas permiten aplicar un conjunto de técnicas de segmentación y filtrado para para realizar posteriormente reconstrucciones volumétricas y así generar representaciones computacionales en 3D de la anatomía humana, que es útil en el campo de la medicina para facilitar análisis de las estructuras del cuerpo humano.  En este artículo, se realizó una reconstrucción 3D a partir de la segmentación, basada en la diferenciación por área, del órgano(riñón) y estructuras óseas de una serie de imágenes de un TAC abdominal. También, implementamos una interfaz interactiva para la visualización de los planos (frontal, sagital y transversal). La interfaz que muestra los diferentes planos y también carga la reconstrucción 3D que se generó en un proceso aparte, da la opción al usuario de seleccionar cualquier estudio TAC que tenga almacenado en su ordenador. Este procedimiento, según el campo de aplicación, complementa la interacción y análisis de estructuras anatómicas al médico, permite planificar un tratamiento oportuno que ayudará al análisis preoperatorio de patologías complejas y la formulación de estrategias quirúrgicas.
Estudio de cobertura en 5G con ICS Telecom: análisis de perdidas por factores climatológicos en tecnología 5G para las zonas metropolitanas de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C.
Authors: Pérez-Murillo Oswaldo , Páez-Parra Ingrid Patricia
Published: May 2023

En este proyecto se realizó un estudio y su posterior análisis de cobertura para una red en tecnología 5G en un escenario metropolitano de la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. Se inicia, con una explicación de qué es 5G y qué se espera de esta tecnología. Con este preámbulo se establecieron los parámetros de simulación para la tecnología 5G, definiendo las frecuencias de 3 GHz hasta los 100 GHz, lo que conlleva al uso de ondas milimétricas. Para la ubicación de las estaciones base para las simulaciones, se realizaron teniendo en cuenta dos operadores de los cinco existentes en el país (operadores X y Y). 
El escenario fue elegido con el propósito de estudiar el caso más presentado en el momento de desarrollo y diseño del sistema de telecomunicaciones celulares como son los sistemas sin línea de visión (NLOS) que se observa en las instalaciones de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, donde se encuentran zonas verdes amplias y edificios entre 4 y 10 pisos.
De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se evidencia que la perdida de señal en el espacio libre es elevada debido a los múltiples obstáculos con los que se encuentra. En las simulaciones se tuvieron en cuenta los efectos climatológicos como la lluvia y la niebla que incrementan las pérdidas de la señal.
Ricardo Silva Romero, Río Muerto. Bogotá: Alfaguara. Penguin Random House. 2020, 156 pages.
Authors: López-González Rosendo , Ramírez-Valencia Astrid
Published: May 2023

Ricardo Silva Romero, Río Muerto
Editorial - Vol. 15 - No. 1
Authors: Vacca-González Harold
Published: May 2023

Editorial - Vol. 15 - No. 1
Cortically Evoked Movement in Humans Reflects History of Prior Executions, Not Plan for Upcoming Movement
Authors: Suleiman Abdelbaset , Solomonow-Avnon Deborah , Mawase Firas
Published: May 2023

Human motor behavior involves planning and execution of actions, some more frequently. Manipulating probability distribution of a movement through intensive direction-specific repetition causes physiological bias toward that direction, which can be cortically evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). However, because evoked movement has not been used to distinguish movement execution and plan histories to date, it is unclear whether the bias is because of frequently executed movements or recent planning of movement. Here, in a cohort of 40 participants (22 female), we separately manipulate the recent history of movement plans and execution and probe the resulting effects on physiological biases using TMS and on the default plan for goal-directed actions using a timed-response task. Baseline physiological biases shared similar low-level kinematic properties (direction) to a default plan for upcoming movement. However, manipulation of recent execution history via repetitions toward a specific direction significantly affected physiological biases, but not plan-based goal-directed movement. To further determine whether physiological biases reflect ongoing motor planning, we biased plan history by increasing the likelihood of a specific target location and found a significant effect on the default plan for goal-directed movements. However, TMS-evoked movement during preparation did not become biased toward the most frequent plan. This suggests that physiological biases may either provide a readout of the default state of primary motor cortex population activity in the movement-related space, but not ongoing neural activation in the planning-related space, or that practice induces sensitization of neurons involved in the practiced movement, calling into question the relevance of cortically evoked physiological biases to voluntary movements.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHuman motor performance depends not only on ability to make movements relevant to the environment/body's current state, but also on recent action history. One emerging approach to study recent movement history effects on the brain is via physiological biases in cortically-evoked involuntary movements. However, because prior movement execution and plan histories were indistinguishable to date, to what extent physiological biases are due to pure execution-dependent history, or to prior planning of the most probable action, remains unclear. Here, we show that physiological biases are profoundly affected by recent movement execution history, but not ongoing movement planning. Evoked movement, therefore, provides a readout of the default state within the movement space, but not of ongoing activation related to voluntary movement planning.
Preparation, characterization, and application of cationic xylan-based aerogel
Authors: Liu Gengmei , Ma Guoheng , Huang Liulian , Chen Lihui , Miao Qingxian
Published: May 2023

Adsorption is one of the most significant approaches for treatment of wastewater. An adsorbent with high mechanical strength, good renewability, and high efficiency is expected for practical applications. In this paper, a cationic xylan-based aerogel composed of xylan, polyvinyl alcohol, and agarose was fabricated to adsorb pectin, which is a typical anionic trash substance in the papermaking white water. The freeze-drying method was used to prepare the aerogel. A cationic xylan-based aerogel with high mechanical strength (34.676 MPa at 50% strain) was obtained. FT-IR results illustrated that the hydrogen bonds between three components contributed to the formation of aerogels. The addition of cationic xylan led to a slight decrease of crystallinity and thermostability of the aerogels. The maximum adsorption capacity of anionic pectin was 19.52 mg/g. Moreover, the aerogels maintained a high pectin-adsorption capacity after five recycles. This new cationic xylan-based aerogel offers potential possibilities for the development of value-added hemicellulose-based materials and the purification of papermaking white water in practical applications.
Catalytic pyrolysis of corn stalk for the production of aromatics: The effects of wet torrefaction and Zn/Ni-HZSM-5 on pyrolysis behavior
Authors: Zhang Jiaqi , Zhang Qi , Sun Zhijing , Wang Fang , Di Lu , Zhang Deli , Yi Weiming
Published: May 2023

The pyrolysis of corn stalk (CS) was carried out to investigate the effect of wet torrefaction (WT) pre-treatment and Zn/Ni-HZSM-5 on the production of bio-oil characteristics. The synergy between WT and the loaded metal catalyst was also analyzed. The oxygen content of the CS was reduced from 50.5% to 40.8% with WT, and hemicellulose was almost removed. WT pretreatment also significantly reduced the oxygenated compounds of bio-oil and increased the selectivity of phenols, aromatics, and anhydro-sugars. The addition of catalyst improved the deoxygenation, oligomerization, and aromatization during pyrolysis. The loading of Zn and Ni could optimize the pyrolysis reaction path and increased the relative content of monocyclic aromatics (MAHs) from 3.58% to 9.67% and 6.44% during the pyrolysis of CS-WT, respectively, and bimetallic catalyst further enhanced the relative content of MAHs to 11.1%. The relative content of aromatics below C9 was higher than other groups (14.8%). Thus, the WT pretreatment of raw materials and synergistic effect of catalysts can jointly optimize the biomass pyrolysis reaction.
Effect of carboxylated and quaternized lignin and epoxidized lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stalk
Authors: Yu Chunyang , Lan Tianqing
Published: May 2023

Lignin structure is known to have significant effects on the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency (EHE) of lignocellulose. In this study, the lignin produced from corn stalk pretreated with p-toluenesulfonic acid (PCS) was used to prepare carboxylated and quaternized lignin (CQCL) and epoxidized lignin (ECL), and the effect of the two modified lignin forms on the EHE of PCS was investigated. The results showed that EHE after adding CQCL (83.7%) was higher than adding ECL (60.8%). To explore the reasons, the unproductive adsorption, cellulase-lignin interaction, and molecular dynamics experiments were conducted. The results showed that the smaller hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic attraction between CQCL and cellulase caused less unproductive adsorption between CQCL and cellulase than ECL. Additionally, CQCL and ECL changed differently the conformations of key amino acid residues of cellobiohydrolase I and endoglucanase II, which was also responsible for the higher EHE after adding CQCL.
‘Where are you going?’
Authors: Lin Yu-Han
Published: May 2023

Background: This study examines caregivers’ use of ‘where are you going?’ in Mandarin and Taiwanese to address residents’ wandering-related actions in routine caregiving interactions. Method: Using multimodal conversation analysis, video recordings of interactions between Taiwanese residents and caregivers from Taiwan and Vietnam are analyzed. Results: ‘Where are you going?’ accomplishes the following institutional actions: this turn signals residents’ actions as problematic; simultaneously, it aims to halt residents’ actions, draw residents’ attention, and/or hold residents accountable for their actions. Residents respond in one of four ways, suggesting their distinct understandings of the same turn: [+/– halt] and [+/– account]. The caregivers’ subsequent actions indicate their institutional orientation as caregivers. In particular, helping the residents to walk or move their bodies relies on resident–caregiver collaboration. Discussion/conclusion: This study demonstrates wandering and its management from an emic (participant-oriented) perspective and presents ‘where are you going?’ as a practical non-pharmacological intervention.
Model Pengembangan Desa Wisata Tamansari Banyuwangi sebagai Upaya Pemulihan Ekonomi Desa Pasca Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Silfia Ayu Utami Betty
Published: May 2023

This study aims to analyze the strategy for developing the Tamansari tourism village in an effort to recover the economy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data analysis technique is in the form of SWOT analysis using a quantitative approach to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the Tamansari tourism village which is then weighted andscored to produce analysis matrices, diagrams and strategy recommendations through SWOT. The results of the study put the Tamansari tourism village development strategy in an effort to recover the economy during the COVID-19 pandemic as an aggressive strategy (SO strategy). The aggressive strategy developed is to increase the implementation of cultural events through good cooperation with universities and local governments as well as maintaining the locality and cultural treasures and customs of Tamansari Village, improving the quality of processed products and maintaining innovation, opening space for village digitization, increasing variety tourism support products, improve the quality of service to tourists. research explains that Tamansari tourism village has greater strengths and opportunities than its weaknesses and threats, this makes Tamansari tourism village a village that has the potential to be developed and able to contribute to improving the economy of local communities in efforts to recover the economy during the COVID-19
Deságio das moedas da privatização: o efeito do diferencial de juros
Authors: GIAMBIAGI FABIO , GORINI ANA PAULA FONTENELLE
Published: May 2023

Resumo Este artigo desenvolve algumas fórmulas para calcular a diferença entre o preço das moedas de privatização (o chamado “junk money”) no mercado secundário e seu valor de face. É exposta uma matriz de resultados, baseada em diferentes regras de pagamento da dívida pública e diversos custos de oportunidade (taxas de desconto). Os resultados são úteis para distinguir o efeito das diferenças entre a taxa de juros das moedas de privatização e a taxa de juros esperada do mercado livre do efeito causado pela falta de credibilidade do governo.
Populismo ou endogeneidade orçamentária? Política fiscal discricionária na Argentina
Authors: ARCE M. DANIEL G.
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Este artigo utiliza a equação de Fischer e o efeito Olivera-Tanzi para isolar a endogeneidade inflacionária existente no déficit público argentino. O resultado é uma medida discricionária da política fiscal conhecida como orçamento zero de inflação. Através dessa medida, examinamos se o déficit reflete políticas anticíclicas ou metas de consumo populista.
A independência do Banco Central e a disciplina monetária: observações céticas
Authors: CARVALHO FERNANDO J. CARDIM DE
Published: May 2023

RESUMO A sabedoria convencional ortodoxa relacionada à política monetária na década de 1990 apresenta a independência dos bancos centrais como condição para alcançar estabilidade de preços durável, como fez com relação à adoção de regras fixas para o crescimento monetário na década de 1980. O artigo procede a uma análise crítica dos argumentos, nos quais se conclui que, além das implicações políticas indesejáveis da proposta, a tese depende muito de conceitos ilusórios e frágeis, como a taxa natural de desemprego e o viés inflacionário supostamente inerente à proposta. Autoridades monetárias, bem como numa visão muito restrita do papel das autoridades monetárias.
Resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila isolates to antimicrobials and sanitizers
Authors: Martins Daiane Lima , Cabral Andressa Nilce , Winter Helen Cristine Leimann , Mariotto Sandra , Nascimento Edgar , Faria Rozilaine Aparecida Pelegrine Gomes de , Martins Eucarlos de Lima , Ritter Daniel Oster , Lanzarin Marilu
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT: In recent decades, Aeromonas hydrophila has emerged as a foodborne bacterial pathogen of public health concern, especially as it exhibits resistance to the major chemical sanitizers commonly used in the food industry. Meanwhile, this pathogen may be spread from diseased fish flesh through the contamination of equipment contact surfaces during food processing, thus posing a food safety risk. Thise determined the susceptibility profiles of retail fish-borne A. hydrophila isolates to 24 common antibiotics and five major sanitizers used in the food industry. The polymerase chain reaction technique was used to confirm all A. hydrophila isolates to the species level, and the agar diffusion method was applied to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. All isolates were confirmed to be A. hydrophila species. This bacterium was observed to have resistance to multiple antibiotics, with the highest resistance index being for those of the beta-lactam class. Additionally, the isolates showed high resistance to four of the five chemical sanitizers tested, with the highest resistance rate being toward sodium hypochlorite. The results suggested that A. hydrophila isolates with multiple resistance to the antimicrobials and main sanitizers used in the food industry can be found in retail fish sold in the Cuiabá region of Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Physicochemical characterization, phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of genotypes and commercial cultivars of blueberry fruits
Authors: Bergmann Amanda Radmann , Siebeneichler Tatiane Jéssica , Fischer Lucas de Oliveira , Holz Ígor Ratzmann , Rombaldi César Valmor , Oliveira Bruna Andressa dos Santos , Fischer Doralice Lobato de Oliveira , Silva Catia Silveira da , Helbig Elizabete
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT: The physicochemical characterization, antioxidant potential and phenolic composition of fruits of six genotypes (BB3, BB4, BB6, PW1, PW2 and PW5) and seven commercial cultivars (Bluebelle, Bluegem, Briteblue, Climax, Delite, Powderblue and Woodard) were carried out of blueberry, from the 2019/2020 production cycle. Color, soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity, antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS), total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and individual anthocyanins were analyzed. In general, all genotypes and cultivars are rich in phytochemicals. The genotypes PW1, PW2, PW5, BB3 and the cultivars Bluegem, Briteblue, Climax and Delite stand out. Thus, the blueberry genotypes in this study are considered as promising for the food industry and also for fresh consumption as commercial cultivars already consolidated in the fruit market, in view of the excellent phenolic composition present in these small fruits.
Droplet spectrum characteristics and drift potential of different droplet classes and spray volumes application of atrazine with nicosulfuron
Authors: Rodrigues Neto Arthur Duarte , Ribeiro Naiane Antunes Alves , Oliveira Fagner Angelo da Silva e , Faria Glaucia Amorim , Prado Evandro Pereira
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT: In this research, the Volumetric Median Diameters (VMDs), Relative Span (RS), percentage of droplets with a diameter smaller than 100 µm (V100), and percentage ofdrift (% drift) of four droplet classes (Fine, Medium, Coarse, and Very Coarse) were analyzedin two spray volumes (77 L.ha-1and 144 L.ha-1) employinga tank-mix of atrazine and nicosulfuron herbicides (2500 + 15 gaiha-1), usingParticle/Droplet Imaging Analyze (PDIA) and wind tunnel techniques. The experiments were performed under Completely Randomized Design, in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme (droplet classes × sprayvolumes). Data underwent analysis of variance and Tukey’s test at 5%, and the correlation between variables was computedconsidering Pearson’s coefficient at 1% and 5%. The VMD of all droplet classes was considerably distinct in the two spray volumes. In both application spray volumes, the minimum VMD for the Coarsedropletclass classification was not attained. The highest means of RS were detectedin the spray volume of 77 L.ha-1. All treatments demonstratedsignificant differences in the analysis of V100 and % drift, with the highest means observed in the Fine droplet (144 L.ha-1) and Medium (77 L.ha-1). A negative correlation existed between VMD × V100 and VMD × % drift and a positive correlation between V100 × % drift in the two spray volumes. RS was negatively correlated with VMD and positively with V100 and % drift, in the spray volume of 77 L.ha-1. In the spray volume of 144 L.ha-1, the correlation between RSand VMD, V100, and % drift was insignificant.
Pre slaughter factors in pigs on initial pH and temperature: a case study
Authors: Souza Pollyana Figueiredo Alves de , Amador Amanda Carolina de Souza , Bruhn Fabio Raphael Pascoti , Faria Peter Bitencourt
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated factors associated with the pre-slaughter handling of pigs in a commercial slaughterhouse located in Minas Gerais and evaluated the influence of these factors on the initial pH and temperature of the carcasses. In all, 4449 carcasses were evaluated. The factors evaluated were transport distance, transport duration, loading density, fasting duration, resting duration, average weight of the animals, average temperature in the resting area, and maximum temperature in the resting area. The effects of these factors on the initial (i.e., at 45 minutes after slaughter) temperature and pH (pH45) were measured. The pH45 values were used to determine the occurrence of PSE; the carcasses were classified as PSE when they presented a pH45 < 5.90. Results showed that animals fasted for more than 24 hours were more likely to result in PSE meat (1.41 times more likely), as did animals that were exposed to an average temperature above 24 °C (1.52 times more likely). Except for the average weight of the animals, which did not affect the initial temperature values, all other pre-slaughter factors have influenced both pH45 and the initial temperature values, and the difference of fasting duration and the temperature in the resting area increase the incidence of PSE meat.
Leaf anatomy and morpho-physiological mechanisms of acclimation to high irradiance in heliconia genotypes
Authors: Leite Fernanda Andrade , Souza Rafaela Ribeiro de , Souza Geisse Carla da Silva , Lima Lucas Gomes de , Ferreira Clébio Pereira , Beckmann-Cavalcante Márkilla Zunete
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT The amount of solar irradiation available in the growing environment can cause significant changes in physiology and leaf anatomy that enable crops to acclimate to different light conditions. In this sense, the objective was to characterize the leaf anatomy and to elucidate the morpho-physiological mechanisms of acclimation to high solar irradiance of heliconia genotypes during the initial stage of development under semiarid conditions. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Petrolina, Pernambuco state, Brazil (09° 19’ 14” S, 40° 32’ 40” W, and 387 m of altitude) and the behavior of three heliconia genotypes (Heliconia rauliniana; H. bihai cv. Lobster Claw Two, and H. rostrata) grown in full sun and shading (50%) environments were evaluated. At 30 days after the implementation of the experiment, leaf anatomy, chlorophyll index, plant height, number of leaves, and number of tillers were analyzed. Heliconia leaves are characterized as amphistomatous with tetracytic stomata. In its main vein there are aerenchyma structures and hypodermis on the abaxial and adaxial sides. The responses to different light conditions in plants of H. bihai, H. rauliniana, and H. rostrata are genotype-specific. Furthermore, the anatomical structures and physiological changes observed in H. bihai and H. rauliniana plants demonstrate that these genotypes present greater plasticity and consequently greater potential for acclimation to high solar irradiation conditions. Thus, the genotypes H. rauliniana and H. bihai emerge as a potential alternative for cultivation in gardens or in open areas and for exploration as cut flower in regions with high solar irradiation availability.
Características de país e corporativas melhoram a divulgação ambiental, social e de governança?
Authors: Rigon Letícia , Degenhart Larissa , Ribeiro Ramiro
Published: May 2023

Esta pesquisa buscou analisar as características de país e corporativas que influenciam a divulgação ambiental, social e de governança (ESG) de empresas do Brasil e Alemanha. A metodologia caracteriza-se como descritiva, quantitativa e documental, com a análise do período de 2010 a 2019, de empresas brasileiras da Brasil, Bolsa e Balcão (B3) e alemãs pertencentes a Bolsa de Valores de Frankfurt. Em relação às características de país analisadas (emissões de carbono e PIB), evidenciou-se que as emissões de carbono influenciam positivamente a divulgação ESG de empresas brasileiras e negativamente no cenário de empresas da Alemanha. O PIB apresentou relação negativa com a divulgação ESG das empresas brasileiras. As variáveis corporativas: market to book, liquidez e alavancagem financeira se relacionaram negativamente com a divulgação ESG de empresas do Brasil e Alemanha. O risco do negócio apresentou relação positiva com a divulgação ESG de empresas da Alemanha. Estes resultados revelam que diferentes características de país e corporativas apresentam implicações na divulgação ESG de empresas brasileiras e alemãs. Esta pesquisa contribui para as empresas ao evidenciar quais características de país e corporativas tendem a melhorar a divulgação ESG. Visa promover na literatura maiores discussões a respeito de fatores pouco explorados nos estudos e que tendem a melhorar as ações ambientais, sociais e de governança e, consequentemente, beneficiar as empresas, o meio ambiente e a sociedade. Ademais, adiciona conhecimento à literatura sobre os impactos das características do país e corporativas na divulgação ambiental, social e de governança de empresas de países em desenvolvimento (Brasil) e desenvolvidos (Alemanha).
Exploring Students’ Perceived Difficulties of Learning Physics
Authors: Wangchuk Damcho , Wangdi Dumcho , Tshomo Sonam , Zangmo Jampel
Published: May 2023

This study investigated grade 9-12 students’ perceived difficulties in learning physics and how they addressed them. 124 (48 male and 76 female) students studying in one of the higher secondary schools in Bhutan participated in the study. The data initially gathered through a survey was subsequently consolidated with the individual interview to establish in-depth findings. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The key findings revealed that the students’ perceptions of their difficulty in learning physics were associated with student, curriculum, and subject-related factors. Strategies used by the students to address these      difficulties in learning physics is also explained. Implications for future research to investigate comparable challenges in other disciplines using multi-methods are also offered.
Prohibition of Threats of Force: A Silently Contested Norm?
Authors: Kleczkowska Agata
Published: May 2023

The prohibition of threats of force, although included in Article 2 of the United Nations (UN) Charter, among the principles upon which the United Nations is built, often plays a secondary role in the maintenance of international peace and security. The aim of the present paper is to verify how violations of the prohibition of threats of force influence its current status. To this end, the paper is divided into three major parts. The first briefly discusses the conditions of the legality of threats of force. The second presents two examples of threats of force: when threats of force were followed by the use of force, as well as when no use of force took place after the threats of force were made. The final part of the paper discusses the status of the prohibition, examining whether it is a case of non-application, falling into desuetude, silent contestation, or mere violation of a legal norm.
Health, hospital(ity) and hegemony: Artistic agencies of two women weavers at Ceza, 1962
Authors: Hobbs Philippa
Published: May 2023

Art history has yet to accord recognition to two women for their pivotal roles at a small tapestry-weaving project at Ceza Mission Hospital in rural South Africa in 1962. As I argue below, it was largely the agencies of Allina Ndebele from rural KwaZulu-Natal and Ulla Gowenius from Sweden that laid the groundwork for what would later evolve into a renowned tapestry centre at Rorke's Drift. Although representations depicted Ceza as idyllic, the women pursued this venture in what was a coercive environment, in which a rural black community was marginalised not merely by disease, but forms of power that included racial oppression, doctrine, patriarchy, social convention and biomedicine. This account recovers details of Ndebele and Gowenius's inventive interactions and accords subjectivity to convalescent weavers disenfranchised by modalities of social control, in turn disrupting homogenising notions of this pedagogic milieu as a duality of empowered trainers and those directed by them. Exposing the conditions in which the project was fostered, I situate the venture in a context of mid-century Swedish philanthropy, interrogating previous representations of Ceza as an outcome of benign modernity and the project as the fruits of foreign expertise.
iPSC Cell Culture Protocol v1
Authors: J Fisher Isabelle
Published: May 2023

This protocol describes regular maintenance of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) cultures.
Pancytopenia as the initial presenting feature in multiple myeloma: a case series
Authors: Roy Somnath S. , Saha Aritra , Pegu Ajit K. , Islam Navil F. , Ozah Jinku , Rahman Sofiur
Published: May 2023

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell neoplasm characterized by abnormal proliferation of clonal cells in the bone marrow. Anaemia is generally the most common feature from hematologic aspect and bone pain being the other important symptom, but pancytopenia as the presenting feature is unusual. Here, we shared our experience of 3 cases with non-specific symptoms with pancytopenia which on through evaluation revealed our diagnosis. A hospital based observational descriptive case series was conducted wherein all the cases of multiple myeloma presenting with pancytopenia were included. Complete blood picture, peripheral smear, bone marrow aspirate and serum protein electrophoresis were reviewed and analysed. Pancytopenia as the initial presenting feature of multiple myeloma is an unique manifestation and diagnosing such cases require high degree of suspicion to avoid delay in the initiation of treatment.
A case report of metronidazole-induced encephalopathy in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahmud Shahriar
Published: May 2023

Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy (MIE) is a rare disorder that can be reversible but fatal if not recognized early. Here, the author presents a case of encephalopathy in a 36-year-old patient who took 500 mg of metronidazole three times daily for three weeks. The patient was classified as a probable MIE case on the Naranjo causality assessment scale. An interesting neuroimaging finding in this patient was an isolated dentate nucleus signal abnormality. Author aims to report reversible clinical and radiological features of MIE in this patient and compare them with documented cases in recent and old literature. Data from this case report may guide clinicians to make judicious considerations in the early detection of MIE and may influence future researchers to focus on identifying critical mechanisms of devastating adverse effects, predictability of neurotoxicity.
Henoch schonlein purpura in adults: a case report
Authors: Dhanju Avtar Singh , Narang Nisha , Kaur Harsimran , Singh Rajdeep , Kaur Manavdeep
Published: May 2023

We describe a case of a young adult female with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) presenting with cutaneous and gastrointestinal manifestations. Biopsy revealed a leukocytoclastic vasculitis in the skin. Steroid therapy led to initial resolution of the symptoms followed by a relapse of rashes and subsequent introduction of azathioprine. HSP is the most common childhood vasculitis and uncommonly seen in adults. Early recognition of the disease, especially in the atypical age group, as in our patient, and appropriate intervention can mitigate the disease and limit organ damage.
Extra-hepatic portal vein obstruction leading to portal cavernoma cholangiopathy without liver dysfunction
Authors: Dhanju Avtar Singh , Narang Nisha , Singh Rajdeep , Kaur Harsimran , Singh Harkanwarpreet
Published: May 2023

In adults, EHPVO mainly occurs following thrombosis, while in children it may be related to congenital malformations and/or neonatal umbilical venous catheterization. EHPVO leads to the cavernous transformation of the portal vein in the absence of recanalization. Portal cholangiopathy (also referred to as portal biliopathy) is common in patients with long-standing chronic PVT. It is due to compression of the large bile ducts by the venous collaterals (portal cavernoma) that form in patients with chronic PVT. Typically, symptoms of portal cholangiopathy include jaundice, biliary colic and pruritus.