bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Author Correction: Optimization of Photosensitized Tryptophan Oxidation in the Presence of Dimegin-Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Chitosan Systems
Authors: Solovieva Anna B. , Kardumian Valeria V. , Aksenova Nadezhda A. , Belovolova Lyudmila V. , Glushkov Mikhail V. , Bezrukov Evgeny A. , Sukhanov Roman B. , Kotova Svetlana L. , Timashev Peter S.
Published: December 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Study of chromatographic fractions from carbon dots isolated by column chromatography and a binary gradient elution via RP-HPLC
Authors: Liu LingFeng , Xu Zhongqi
Published: December 2018

Carbon dots (C-dots) have abundant functional groups on their surface, which affect their luminescence properties, detection and structure.
Double signal amplification through a functionalized nanoporous Au–Ag alloy microwire and Au nanoparticles: development of an electrochemical ˙OH sensor based on a self-assembled layer of 6-(ferrocenyl)hexanethiol
Authors: Wang Dongyang , Huang Bintong , Li Yingchun
Published: December 2018

Novel electrochemical sensors were developed based on a FcHT functionalized NPAMW and AuNPs for the analysis of ˙OH released from live cells.
Pattern recognition of solid materials by multiple probe gases
Authors: Minami Kosuke , Imamura Gaku , Nemoto Takahiro , Shiba Kota , Yoshikawa Genki
Published: December 2018

Identification of a solid material through its “pattern” derived from dynamic interaction between the target and probe gases.
Heterogeneous graphene oxide membrane for rectified ion transport
Authors: Fei Wenwen , Xue Minmin , Qiu Hu , Guo Wanlin
Published: December 2018

We demonstrate heterogeneous GO membranes with highly rectified ion transport and employ molecular dynamics simulations to reveal ion behavior.
Metal–organic insertion light initiated radical (MILRad) polymerization: photo-initiated radical polymerization of vinyl polar monomers with various palladium diimine catalysts
Authors: Keyes Anthony , Dau Huong , Basbug Alhan Hatice E. , Ha Uyen , Ordonez Estela , Jones Glen R. , Liu Yu-Sheng , Tsogtgerel Enkhjargal , Loftin Breyinn , Wen Zhili , Wu Judy I. , Beezer Dain B. , Harth Eva
Published: December 2018

The photoinitiated radical polymerization pathway of MILRad polymerization towards its ability to polymerize a variety of vinyl polar functional monomers is investigated.
Bipodal dyes with bichromic triphenylamine architectures for use in dye-sensitized solar cell applications
Authors: Abdi Omar K. , Fischer Benjamin J. D. , Al-Faouri Tamara , Buguis Francis L. , Devgan Hardeep S. , Schott Eduardo , Zarate Ximena , Koivisto Bryan D.
Published: December 2018

A family of four bipodal triphenylamine-based dyes, three of which incorporate two triphenylamine (TPA) units, have been studied to understand their potential in light-harvesting applications.
Large enhanced photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 by fabrication of a nanocomposite with introducing upconversion nanocrystal and Ag nanoparticles
Authors: Zhao Feifei , Khaing Kyu Kyu , Yin Dongguang , Liu Bingqi , Chen Tao , Wu Chenglong , Huang Kexian , Deng LinLin , Li Luqiu
Published: December 2018

A novel heterostructured nanocomposite UCNPs@SiO2@Ag/g-C3N4 was developed for the first time to substantially boost the solar-light driven photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4.
Utilizing FBR to produce olefins from CO reduction using Fe–Mn nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide catalysts and comparing the performance with SBR
Authors: Nasser AL-Hassan , EL-Naggar Hamada , Abdelmoneim Ahmed
Published: December 2018

Producing olefin rich products from the FTS reaction in both FBR and SBR reactors using Fe–Mn/rGO catalysts.
Selective and sensitive detection of cinnamaldehyde by nitrogen and sulphur co-doped carbon dots: a detailed systematic study
Authors: Konar Suraj , Samanta Dipanjan , Mandal Subhajit , Das Subhayan , Mahto Madhusudan Kr , Shaw Manisha , Mandal Mahitosh , Pathak Amita
Published: December 2018

Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (NSCDs) have been used as a fluorescent probe for the sensitive and selective detection of clinically important organic aldehyde cinnamaldehyde.
Cobalt-bridged secondary building units in a titanium metal–organic framework catalyze cascade reduction of N-heteroarenes
Authors: Feng Xuanyu , Song Yang , Chen Justin S. , Li Zhe , Chen Emily Y. , Kaufmann Michael , Wang Cheng , Lin Wenbin
Published: December 2018

We report here the synthesis of a robust Ti–MOF with novel SBUs and its use as oxo ligands to chelate Co-hydrides for cascade reduction of N-heteroarenes.
A modular approach to prepare enantioenriched cyclobutanes: synthesis of (+)-rumphellaone A
Authors: Beck Jordan C. , Lacker Caitlin R. , Chapman Lauren M. , Reisman Sarah E.
Published: December 2018

A modular synthesis of enantioenriched polyfunctionalized cyclobutanes was developed and applied to the synthesis of (+)-rumphellaone A.
Transformer components impact on compatibility of measured PDs: comparison of IEC60270 and RF methods
Authors: Firuzi Keyvan , Vakilian Mehdi , Phung B. Toan , Blackburn Trevor
Published: December 2018

Power transformer partial discharge signal measurement using Radio Frequency method has advantages over IEC 60270 ‘apparent charge’ measurement method for online monitoring due to greater immunity against external interference. However, the lack of a well‐defined calibration relationship between the two methods is main disadvantage of RF method. Simultaneous measurements, using these two methods, carried out on various transformer PD source models, in laboratory, to investigate main parameters that affect the relationship of results of these two methods. In this paper, factors that influence this relationship are classified into three groups: (i) type of PD sources, (ii) transformer windings as PD signal transmitter, and (iii) the inner structure of the transformer. Firstly, the relationship between these two methods has been investigated for some simple types of PD sources. Subsequently, by adding the winding structure model to the void, which is the PD source, its impact on each measurement method and the relationship between them have been studied. The impact of inner structure on the relation between the two methods is compensated through a formula which is proposed as a means for calibration of the RF partial discharge measurement setup. However to compensate for internal insulating system effects more research is required.
Tomlinson–Harashima precoding for transmitter‐side inter‐symbol interference cancellation in PSK modulation
Authors: Sheikhzadeh Somayeh , Forouzan Amir R. , Parvaresh Farzad
Published: December 2018

Dirty paper coding (DPC) is a non‐linear transmit scheme in presence of known interference, which is capacity achieving. Unfortunately, the implementation complexity of DPC is usually prohibitive. A sub‐optimal yet practical method to implement DPC in inter‐symbol interference channels is Tomlinson–Harashima precoding (THP). However, THP is not applicable to the constant‐envelope phase shift keying (PSK) modulation. In this study, a modified Tomlinson–Harashima precoder is proposed to implement DPC for PSK modulation. The technique involves design of decision region at the receiver side and an algorithm to select the phase of transmitted symbol optimally at the transmitter side accordingly. Various patterns, namely, striped, checked, hexagonal, and radial are proposed and examined. Simulation results show that by using the proposed equaliser, the error floor is eliminated and significantly smaller bit‐error rate is achieved. Numerical and simulation results show that the striped pattern outperforms other decision region designs. Moreover, its implementation and computational complexities is almost the same as the Tomlinson–Harashima precoder.
Novel protection method for VSC‐HVDC transmission lines
Authors: Jiang Lingtong , Chen Qing , Wang Lei , Zhao Pu , Zeng Yu , Huang Wudi
Published: December 2018

The large shunt capacitances on both sides of VSC‐HVDC transmission line will block and reflect the travelling waves when a fault occurs on DC cable lines. When a forward fault occurs, the protection will detect the arrival of forward and backward travelling wave simultaneously. While for a backward fault, the arrival time difference of the forward and backward travelling wave head is obvious. According to this characteristic, this paper proposed a novel VSC‐HVDC directional pilot protection based on the propagation time difference of directional travelling wave and the stationary wavelet transform (SWT) is used to identify the initial travelling wave head. A two‐terminal VSC‐HVDC system is modelled in PSCAD/EMTDC, and various faults scenarios are simulated to verify the proposed method. The simulation results show that the proposed protection can identify internal faults from external faults quickly and reliably, and it is basically immune to fault resistance and fault distance, which has certain practical value.
Two basic ways to realise DC circuit breakers
Authors: Xu Zheng , Xiao Huangqing , Xu Yuzhe
Published: December 2018

As a key element of the DC grid, the technology of DC circuit breakers (DCCBs) still have difficulty to be widely used due to its large cost and volume. This paper studies the basic principle and its realisation methods for DCCBs. First, two basic ways of breaking the fault current are discussed, including the way by inserting a metal oxide varistor (MOV) to force the fault current to zero and the way by inserting capacitor to change the nature of the fault current. Second, a new approach to realise the DCCB has been proposed based on the inserting capacitor way. According to this new approach, three topologies of DCCB are proposed, including the single‐branch DCCB with inserted capacitor (SB‐DCCB‐C), the double‐branch DCCB with inserted capacitor (DB‐DCCB‐C) and the triple‐branch DCCB with inserted capacitor (TB‐DCCB‐C). All these three DCCBs are proved to be able to deal with DC faults effectively according to the simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC. Finally, the economy of four circuit breaker structures are compared.
Pseudotachylyte in the Monte Maggiore ophiolitic unit (Alpine Corsica): a possible lateral extension of the Cima di Gratera intermediate-depth Wadati-Benioff paleo-seismic zone
Authors: Fabbri Olivier , Magott Rémi , Fournier Marc , Etienne Lucas
Published: December 2018

At the northern end of the Cap Corse peninsula, several klippes of ultramafic rocks (peridotite and serpentinite), among which the Monte Maggiore klippe is the least serpentinized one, rest upon continental-crust derived rocks (Centuri gneisses) and basic or metasedimentary schists (Schistes Lustrés). The Monte Maggiore ophiolitic klippe shares several characteristics with the Cima di Gratera klippe located 30 km further south. First, the two units are composed of a lherzolitic peridotite. Second, they record the same succession of metamorphic events. Third, in the Cap Corse tectonic pile, the two units occupy the highest structural position. Several differences are also observed. First, mafic rocks are significantly less abundant in the Monte Maggiore unit, where they are restricted to dykes cross-cutting the peridotite, than in the Cima di Gratera unit, where they constitute an entire sub-unit. Second, pyroxenite layers are more common at Monte Maggiore than at Cima di Gratera. Despite these differences, the Monte Maggiore and Cima di Gratera klippes can be considered as possible lateral equivalents of a single ophiolitic unit having covered the entire Cap Corse before subsequent erosion. Pseudotachylyte of seismic origin is newly discovered in the Monte Maggiore klippe. The host rock is a cataclastic serpentinized peridotite affected by a cataclastic foliation that is either flat-lying or steeply dipping. Pseudotachylyte fault veins are parallel to the host rock cataclastic foliation. The small lateral extension and the small thickness of fault veins along with frequent cross-cutting relationships suggest that the exposed pseudotachylyte most likely results from numerous small magnitude seismic events such as swarms or aftershocks rather than from large magnitude shocks. All these characteristics are also observed at the Cima di Gratera klippe where they are interpreted as the testimonies of a fossil intermediate-depth Wadati-Benioff zone at the time of subduction of the Ligurian Tethys oceanic lithosphere. Mineral assemblages that could constrain the depth of formation of the pseudotachylyte lack in the Monte Maggiore area. Despite this uncertainty, and given the similarities with the Cima di Gratera occurrences, the pseudotachylyte veins newly discovered at Monte Maggiore are tentatively related to the seismic activity linked with the subduction of the Piemonte-Ligurian oceanic lithosphere in Eocene times. This interpretation suggests that the fossil Wadati-Benioff zone could be traced further south in Alpine Corsica and further north in the Piemontese zone of the western Alps.
A walking roller chain
Authors: Palle Grgur , Bakrač Luka , Opančar Aleksandar
Published: December 2018

In this article, we study the motion of a vertically fixed rapidly spinning roller chain that, after being released, “walks” a certain distance along the floor. We construct a two-dimensional model of the roller chain. By numerically integrating its equations of motion, we make predictions on the distances travelled by the roller chain, the code of the simulation being available online in the supplements. Finally, we compare the predictions with experiments, discuss the results, and suggest topics for further research.
Magnetic frustration in lyonsite-type vanadates in FeVO4–Co3V2O8 system
Authors: Guskos Niko , Zolnierkiewicz Grzegorz , Pilarska Malwina , Typek Janusz , Blonska-Tabero Anna , Aidinis Konstantinos
Published: December 2018

Six phases crystallizing in the lyonsite-type structure were synthesized by solid-state reaction between nFeVO4 and (1–n)Co3V2O8, where n = 0.73, 0.7143, 0.6667, 0.5843, 0.57, and 0.56. DC magnetic susceptibility in high-temperature range (T  > 100 K) was found to follow the Curie–Weiss law with negative and large value of the Curie–Weiss temperature. The effective magnetic moments were slightly bigger than for high-spin Co2+ and Fe3+ ions. Spin-glass-like features observed in magnetic FC/ZFC susceptibilities at low temperatures (T  < 15 K) could be the result of a huge magnetocrystalline anisotropy of randomly oriented crystallites or magnetic nanoclusters in the powder samples, or they could be due to magnetic frustration arising from competition of ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) exchange interactions. The presence of FM component with a large coercive field and strong magnetic remanence in samples with large Co content was evidenced at low temperature. Weak and very broad electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra were analyzed by decomposition on Lorentzian components and were attributed to magnetic spin clusters or metallic precipitates not involved in bulk magnetism registered in magnetization measurements. In addition, for n = 0.7143, 0.6667 samples, the much narrower line was due to the V4+ magnetic defects connected with oxygen vacancies.
La rééducation maxillo-faciale : réussite ou échec ? pourquoi ?
Authors: Gil Hélène , Courson Frédéric
Published: December 2018

Introduction : La plupart des malocclusions sont souvent d’origine dysfonctionnelle et une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire apparaît indispensable pour corriger, mais aussi pérenniser les traitements orthopédiques réalisés. Cependant, certains traitements « ré »éducateurs ne donnent pas toujours les résultats escomptés et la persistance des dysfonctions peut ainsi compromettre la stabilité des résultats à long terme des traitements d’orthodontie. Matériel et méthode : À travers une revue de littérature, cet article analyse les théories anciennes et actuelles sur la rééducation maxillo-faciale. Résultats : On doit aujourd’hui toujours considérer les deux théories expliquant les échecs en matière de rééducation maxillo-faciale car il existe à ce jour peu de données sur le sujet. Discussion : L’évolution des neurosciences permet aujourd’hui de donner des voies de compréhension et d’approche lors de cette rééducation, favorisant une meilleure adaptabilité du thérapeute.
La mécanobiologie osseuse, un domaine émergeant : revue de littérature
Authors: Brézulier Damien , Pellen-Mussi Pascal , Sorel Olivier , Jeanne Sylvie
Published: December 2018

Introduction : La mécanobiologie, à l’interface entre biologie et biophysique, étudie l’incidence des forces mécaniques sur les tissus, les cellules et les biomolécules. L’application de forces orthodontiques, suivie du déplacement dentaire provoqué, est un exemple marquant de son application clinique. Objectif : L’objectif de cet article était de dresser une revue de la littérature sur le sujet de la mécanobiologie ; de sa mise en évidence au niveau osseux à l’exposé des voies intracellulaires stimulées. Matériels et méthodes : La recherche bibliographique a été menée sur la base de données Pubmed en avril 2018, avec les associations des termes « mechanobiology », « orthodontics », « cell culture », « physiopathology ». Résultats : Trois axes majeurs ont été retenus : la mise en évidence du phénomène et son application dans le domaine de la biologie osseuse, les effecteurs cellulaires de la mécanobiologie et l’exploitation clinique de celle-ci. L’application de la mécanobiologie à l’orthopédie dento-faciale ouvre un champ de réflexion au clinicien sur les futures avancées en orthodontie.
Die laparoskopische Nierenteilresektion ohne
Ischämie
Authors: Imkamp Florian , Stickdorn Sabrina
Published: December 2018

Die Nierenteilresektion ist seit Jahrzehnten ein etabliertes Verfahren, um
Nierentumoren zu therapieren. Studien zeigen, dass der Organerhalt bei einer
Nierentumoroperation zumeist mit einem besseren Gesamtüberleben im Vergleich zur
Nierenentfernung (Nephrektomie) verbunden ist. Im OP-Ablauf stellen wir die
minimalinvasive Nierenteilresektion vor, die inzwischen seit zwei Jahrzehnten
durchgeführt wird.
Understanding State-Level Variations in the US Infant Mortality: 2000 to 2015
Authors: Ebrahimvandi Alireza , Hosseinichimeh Niyousha , Iams Jay
Published: December 2018

Objective To exploit state variations in infant mortality, identify diagnoses that contributed to reduction of the infant mortality rate (IMR), and examine factors associated with preterm-related mortality rate (PMR).

Study Design Using linked birth-infant deaths files, we examined patterns in the leading causes of IMR. We compared these rates at both national and state levels to find reduction trends. Creating a cross-sectional time series of states' PMR and some explanatory variables, we implemented a fixed-effect regression model to examine factors associated with PMR at the state level.

Results We found substantial state-level variations in changes of the IMR (range =  − 2.87–2.08) and PMR (−1.77–0.67). Twenty-one states in which the IMR declined more than the national average of 0.99 (6.89–5.90) were labeled as successful. In the successful states, we found reduction in the PMR accounted for the largest decline in the IMR—0.90 fewer deaths. Changes in the other subgroups of leading causes did not differ significantly in successful and unsuccessful states.

Conclusion Trends in the causes of mortality are heterogeneous across states. Although its impact is not large, reducing the percentage of pregnant women with inadequate care is one of the mechanisms through which the PMR decrease.
Pseudoaneurysm of the Superficial Temporal Artery—Two Case Reports of a Rare Entity
Authors: Jedrzejewski Breanna , Annen Alvin , Berli Jens U. , Sullivan Stephen R. , Taylor Helena O.
Published: December 2018

In this paper, the authors present two case reports with patients who presented at different institutions for traumatic aneurysmal dilation of temporal vessels. The first case is a 18-year-old male who presented to plastic surgery following attempted excision by an outside provider after a fist fight. The second case is a 22-year-old male who presented to plastic surgery while inpatient after gunshot wound to the face. The differences in the cases are highlighted by the different approaches to the management of the lesions with direct incision and embolization respectively.
The Association between Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Functions in Infants Born to Preeclamptic Mothers
Authors: Arman Didem , Ercin Secil , Topcuoğlu Sevilay , Kaya Ayşem , Yavuz Taner , Karatekin Güner , Ovalı Fahri
Published: December 2018

Objective The present study aimed to assess the global oxidant and antioxidant status in infants born to preeclamptic mothers and their correlation with cardiac functions.

Study Design We compared 40 infants born to preeclamptic mothers with 40 premature infants born to normotensive mothers. We assessed the relationship between echocardiographic measurements and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) values.

Results In the study group, TAC, TOS, and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were significantly higher in the cord blood (p = 0.03, 0.04, and 0.039, respectively) than in the control group. We did not observe any correlation between echocardiographic measurements and TAC, TOS, and OSI levels in infants born to preeclamptic mothers.

Conclusion Compared with the control group, despite higher TAC levels in infants born to preeclamptic mothers, concurrent elevated OSI levels reveal that the oxidant–antioxidant balance is disturbed in favor of oxidants. Furthermore, the findings of this study suggest that echocardiographic parameters are unaffected by the oxidant status.
Reflection on Assessing the Development of Children after Epilepsy Surgery
Authors: Jennekens-Schinkel Aag , van Schooneveld Monique
Published: December 2018

Children of schoolage having similar medical and neuropsychological conditions but entirely different life courses after left-sided hemispherectomy led us to reflect on sources of differences in development after epilepsy surgery. Two recent reviews exposed the impact of epilepsy-related variables on the cognitive outcomes and concluded that overall the surgical procedures had not caused additional harm. Our aim was to see whether facilitating or impeding influences—other than epilepsy and epilepsy surgery—were addressed in the literature regarding cognitive outcome. Further review of the literature did not yield information on influences of variables that are known to affect normal development; no study addressed influences of motor and/or sensory impairments. Few studies discussed interference of deficits in other cognitive domains with the target domains. The influences of gender and of an important environmental aspect, family factors, etc., were underexposed as well. Understanding why one child adjusts to her/his novel life situation and another child with apparently similar abilities and impairments is unable to do so, is essential for adequate counseling. A more biographical approach of cognitive development is proposed to understand the differential life courses of children and adolescents with a history of epilepsy surgery. A perspective of “functioning” rather than cognitive “functions,” conceived of as independent entities, will help bridge the gap between neurocognitive and more biographical approaches to the functioning of children after epilepsy surgery.
Erythrodermie bei einem jungen Säugling als initiales klinisches Zeichen eines schweren Immundefekts (T-B-NK+ SCID)
Authors: Ascherl R. , Sorge I. , Schulz A. , Schuetz C. , Sack U. , Schwarz K. , Schuster V.
Published: December 2018

Ein junger Säugling, ehemaliges Zwillingsfrühgeborenes, wurde mit Erythrodermie vorgestellt. Nachdem eine symptomatische Therapie nicht erfolgreich war, ergab die erweiterte Diagnostik den Verdacht auf einen Immundefekt. Klinisch war das Kind sonst vollkommen unauffällig. Die immunologische Abklärung war wegweisend für einen schweren kombinierten Immundefekt. Der Patient wurde von der haploidentischen Mutter stammzelltransplantiert.
Aerogen übertragene Infektionskrankheiten bei Kindern auf Reisen
Authors: Rau C. , Lindert J. , Kotsias-Konopelska S. , Kobbe R.
Published: December 2018

Erkrankungen der Atemwege gehören zu den häufigsten Gesundheitsproblemen von Kindern und treten regelhaft auch während und nach Reisen auf. Virale Atemwegsinfektionen können die Reisefähigkeit von Kindern – und damit auch ihren Angehörigen – ungünstig beeinflussen, beispielsweise durch Fieber, bronchiale Obstruktion und Schwierigkeiten beim Druckausgleich während des Fliegens durch Schwellungen und Sekretionen der Schleimhäute und der eustachi‘schen Röhre. Zu den reisemedizinisch relevanten aerogen übertragenen Krankheiten zählen neben banalen, viralen Erkältungen auch potenziell schwer verlaufende Viruserkrankungen, allen voran die saisonale Influenza und die Masern, sowie bakterielle Infektionen durch Meningokokken und die Tuberkulose. Gegen einige dieser Erkrankungen stehen effektive Impfstoffe zur Verfügung. Auch seltene, schwer verlaufende Atemwegsinfektionen, die unter bestimmten epidemiologischen Umständen außerhalb Europas erworben werden können, sollen im Folgenden exemplarisch an den Erkrankungen Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) und der Histoplasmose dargestellt werden.
Flugreisen bei Kindern
Authors: Siedenburg J.
Published: December 2018

Das physiologische Milieu in Passagierflugzeugen ist durch einen beim Start abnehmenden und bei der Landung wieder zunehmenden Luftdruck, milde Hypoxie, Lufttrockenheit gekennzeichnet. Hinzu kommt die Zeitverschiebung. Für Notfälle steht eine umfangreiche Notfallausrüstung zur Verfügung. Gesunde Kinder und auch die meisten Kinder mit Vorerkrankungen tolerieren die Veränderungen an Bord in der Regel problemlos, bei Bedarf ist eine umfangreiche medizinische Zusatzausrüstung verfügbar. Auch schwerer erkrankte Kinder können auf dem Luftweg transportiert werden. Bei der Beurteilung der Flugreisetauglichkeit sind die besonderen physiologischen Umstände ebenfalls zu beachten. Die Empfehlungen haben in der Regel eine empirische Basis. Randomisierte, kontrollierte Studien, Metaanalysen oder Register sind kaum verfügbar. Bei seltenen, komplexen oder kritischen Krankheitsbildern muss die Flugreisetauglichkeit jedoch im Einzelfall unter Beteiligung der behandelnden Ärzte, ggf. weiteren Fachärzten und des verantwortlichen Flugmediziners individuell eingeschätzt werden.
Nonlinear absorption of ultrashort ultrahigh intensity laser pulses in fullerene
Authors: Chakravarty U. , Chaturvedi Deepa
Published: December 2018

Non linear absorption of intense few cycle laser pulses in fullerenes is studied by treating it as a laser driven nonlinear oscillator, using a rigid shell model. Efficient collisionless absorption of intense (Intensity I < 1018W/cm2) ultrashort laser pulses in fullerene (C60) is estimated owing to its extraordinary anharmonicty which is quite different than the conventionally used solid gas clusters. Compared to gas clusters nonlinear resonance in C60 has unusual characteristics. Factors other than nonlinear resonance which contribute in energy absorption in C60 are outlined. Strong dephasing of electrons with the laser field both at onset and during the dynamical oscillations leads to the efficient energy gain by the electrons. It is found that fullerene has a distinct threshold intensity requirement depending on its charge for efficient absorption. These properties make fullerene unique for efficient absorption of high intensity few cycle laser pulses.
Stably rational surfaces over a quasi-finite field
Authors: Colliot-Thélène J.-L.
Published: December 2018

Let

be a field and

a smooth, projective, stably

-rational surface. If

is split by a cyclic extension (for example, if the field

is finite or, more generally, quasi-finite), then the surface

is

-rational.
Almost solubility of classes of non-linear integral equations of the first kind on cones
Authors: Kokurin M. Yu.
Published: December 2018

Using convexity properties of the images of completely continuous non-linear integral operators, we describe the closed convex cones lying either in the recessive cone, or in the tangent cone of the closed image of the operator being studied (depending on the nature of the integrand). These cones are determined by the principal part of the asymptotics of the integrand at infinity, independently of the variation of the subordinate part. We discuss applications to the generalized solubility of non-linear integral equations of the first kind.
On the non-symplectic involutions of the Hilbert square of a K3 surface
Authors: Boissière S. , Cattaneo A. , Markushevich D. G. , Sarti A.
Published: December 2018

We investigate the interplay between the moduli spaces of ample

-polarized IHS manifolds of type

and of IHS manifolds of type

with a non-symplectic involution with invariant lattice of rank one. In particular, we describe geometrically some new involutions of the Hilbert square of a K3 surface whose existence was proven in a previous paper of Boissière, Cattaneo, Nieper-Wisskirchen, and Sarti.
Embedding derived categories of Enriques surfaces in derived categories of Fano varieties
Authors: Kuznetsov A. G.
Published: December 2018

We show that the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on a general Enriques surface can be realized as a semi-orthogonal component in the derived category of a smooth Fano variety with diagonal Hodge diamond.
Three plots about the Cremona groups
Authors: Popov V. L.
Published: December 2018

The first group of results of the paper concerns the compressibility of finite subgroups of the Cremona groups. The second concerns the embeddability of other groups in the Cremona groups and, conversely, of the Cremona groups in other groups. The third concerns the connectedness of the Cremona groups.
Stringy

-functions of canonical toric Fano threefolds and their applications
Authors: Batyrev V. V. , Schaller K.
Published: December 2018

Let

be a

-dimensional lattice polytope containing exactly one interior lattice point. We give a simple combinatorial formula for computing the stringy

-function of the

-dimensional canonical toric Fano variety

associated with

. Using the stringy Libgober– Wood identity and our formula, we generalize the well-known combinatorial identity

which holds for

-dimensional reflexive polytopes

.
Adaptive energy-saving approximation for stationary processes
Authors: Kabluchko Z. A. , Lifshits M. A.
Published: December 2018

We consider a stationary process (with either discrete or continuous time) and find an adaptive approximating stationary process combining high quality approximation and other good properties that can be interpreted as additional smoothness or small expense of energy. The problem is solved in terms of spectral characteristics of the original process using the classical analytic methods of prediction theory.
Fifth order semi analytical solution of exact Korteweg-de Vries equation
Authors: Afriadi  , Zahara Yulia , Halfiani Vera , Mardi Harish Abdillah , Ramli Marwan
Published: December 2018

This study concerns on the solution of exact Korteweg de Vries (KdV) equation in its application in generating extreme waves. The method of asymptotic expansion is employed up to the fifth order. In the previous research, the same method was applied up to the third order and fifth order but it only considered the side band solutions. Here, solutions at each order will be analyzed. The existence of resonance terms at the odd orders and side band terms are interesting to observe considering the importance of these quantities in analyzing the wave deformation which link to the phenomenon of wave’s amplitude amplification. Bichromatic signal is used as the initial wave signal as it experiences instability during its propagation which results the amplitude amplification. The amplitude amplification is presented as Maximal Temporal Amplitude (MTA) which is a quantity measuring the highest elevation at every spatial position during the observation time.
Flow field analysis of Jiangou mine goaf
Authors: Li Chengyu , Zhang Lili
Published: December 2018

With the increase of mining depth, many coal mines have the co-occurrence of natural fire and gas disasters. According to the actual situation of alkali ditch coal mine, this paper established a mathematical model and geometric model of mined-out area by using COMSOL software to carry on the numerical simulation. Study of nitrogen injection and gas extraction of goaf flow field and the influence of oxidation temperature zone, provided the basis for mine fire and gas disaster prevention and control.
Study on the influence of refrigerant charge on performance of heat pump units
Authors: Yuqing Zhao , Yun Dai , Jianling Gao , Qingqing Liu
Published: December 2018

Refrigerant charge can be determined by two methods, experiments or theoretical calculation. Experiments are usually carried out under the specific system and working condition, and the results are reliable. However, there have some problems, such as it needs a large amount of experimental work and the results are only suitable for specific systems and working conditions. The method of theoretical calculation to determine the refrigerant charge can be used in different systems and working conditions, but the reliability of the calculation results depends on the degree of coincidence between the void fraction coefficient model and the actual system. Especially for new refrigerants, the applicability of void fraction coefficient model needs further verification. In this paper, the optimum charge quantity of new refrigerant in the water source heat pump unit is studied by methods of experiment and SIMULINK simulation. The results show that the difference between simulation and experimental values is within 10%. The simulation method provides a reference for the optimization of refrigerant charge.
RETRACTED: Analysis and Evaluation of carrying Capacity of Dianchi Laoyu River Wetland Park
Authors: Ling Zhen , Xu Gu , Shan Xu
Published: December 2018

Dianchi Laoyu river wetland park carrying capacity was analyzed and evaluated by the classification of wetlands tourism environmental carrying capacity and calculation model for the purpose of realize the sustainable development of the ecological environment and tourism industry of the Dianchi Laoyu river wetland park.The result shows that the minimum capacity of wetland park is 6975 people per day (2.546 million people per year).The minimum capacity is water environment capacity.The main factor of limiting carrying capacity of the wetland is the ecological environment carrying capacity.According to this limitation factor,the optimal strategy for the sustainable development of wetland park’s ecology and tourism is provided.
Lower bounds for non-Archimedean Lyapunov exponents
Authors: Jacobs Kenneth
Published: December 2018

Let

K
K

be a complete, algebraically closed, non-Archimedean valued field, and let

P

1

\mathrm {\mathbf {P}}^1

denote the Berkovich projective line over

K
K

. The Lyapunov exponent for a rational map

ϕ
∈
K
(
z
)

\phi \in K(z)

of degree

d
≥
2

d\geq 2

measures the exponential rate of growth along a typical orbit of

ϕ
\phi

. When

ϕ
\phi

is defined over

C

\mathbb {C}

, the Lyapunov exponent is bounded below by

1
2

log
⁡
d

\frac {1}{2}\log d

. In this article, we give a lower bound for

L
(
ϕ
)

L(\phi )

for maps

ϕ
\phi

defined over non-Archimedean fields

K
K

. The bound depends only on the degree

d
d

and the Lipschitz constant of

ϕ
\phi

. For maps

ϕ
\phi

whose Julia sets satisfy a certain boundedness condition, we are able to remove the dependence on the Lipschitz constant.
PINSPlus: a tool for tumor subtype discovery in integrated genomic data
Authors: Nguyen Hung , Shrestha Sangam , Draghici Sorin , Nguyen Tin
Published: December 2018

Since cancer is a heterogeneous disease, tumor subtyping is crucial for improved treatment and prognosis. We have developed a subtype discovery tool, called PINSPlus, that is: (i) robust against noise and unstable quantitative assays, (ii) able to integrate multiple types of omics data in a single analysis and (iii) dramatically superior to established approaches in identifying known subtypes and novel subgroups with significant survival differences. Our validation on 12,158 samples from 44 datasets shows that PINSPlus vastly outperforms other approaches. The software is easy-to-use and can partition hundreds of patients in a few minutes on a personal computer.

Availability and implementation

The package is available at https://cran.r-project.org/package=PINSPlus. Data and R script used in this manuscript are available at https://bioinformatics.cse.unr.edu/software/PINSPlus/.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Preventing Bloodstream Infections and Death in Zambian Neonates: Impact of a Low-cost Infection Control Bundle
Authors: Mwananyanda Lawrence , Pierre Cassandra , Mwansa James , Cowden Carter , Localio A Russell , Kapasa Monica L , Machona Sylvia , Musyani Chileshe Lukwesa , Chilufya Moses M , Munanjala Gertrude , Lyondo Angela , Bates Matthew A , Coffin Susan E , Hamer Davidson H
Published: December 2018

Background

Sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal mortality in low-resource settings. As facility-based births become more common, the proportion of neonatal deaths due to hospital-onset sepsis has increased.

Methods

We conducted a prospective cohort study in a neonatal intensive care unit in Zambia where we implemented a multifaceted infection prevention and control (IPC) bundle consisting of IPC training, text message reminders, alcohol hand rub, enhanced environmental cleaning, and weekly bathing of babies ≥1.5 kg with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate. Hospital-associated sepsis, bloodstream infection (BSI), and mortality (>3 days after admission) outcome data were collected for 6 months prior to and 11 months after bundle implementation.

Results

Most enrolled neonates had a birth weight ≥1.5 kg (2131/2669 [79.8%]). Hospital-associated mortality was lower during the intervention than baseline period (18.0% vs 23.6%, respectively). Total mortality was lower in the intervention than prior periods. Half of enrolled neonates (50.4%) had suspected sepsis; 40.8% of cultures were positive. Most positive blood cultures yielded a pathogen (409/549 [74.5%]), predominantly Klebsiella pneumoniae (289/409 [70.1%]). The monthly rate and incidence density rate of suspected sepsis were lower in the intervention period for all birth weight categories, except babies weighing <1.0 kg. The rate of BSI with pathogen was also lower in the intervention than baseline period.

Conclusions

A simple IPC bundle can reduce sepsis and death in neonates hospitalized in high-risk, low-resource settings. Further research is needed to validate these findings in similar settings and to identify optimal implementation strategies for improvement and sustainability.

Clinical Trials Registration

NCT02386592.
Aging Alone, Gossiping Together: Older Adults’ Talk as Social Glue
Authors: Torres Stacy
Published: December 2018

Objectives

While older adults living alone face challenges to maintaining social ties, elders in urban areas also have unique opportunities for daily socializing that can buffer against loneliness.

Method

Drawing on 5 years of ethnographic fieldwork among elders in New York City, this study presents empirical insights into the development of supplementary neighborhood-based networks of support for older people living alone and vulnerable to isolation.

Results

This study finds that elders who lived alone, without close kin, engaged in daily gossip about other older people they encountered as regulars in local eateries. Despite its negative reputation, gossip helped them connect and access less conventional social support close to home. The majority resisted formal organizations, such as churches or senior centers, and thus their interactions in public venues served as an important source of social involvement. In line with Gluckman’s argument (1963), gossip betrayed emotional intimacy and caretaking that connected people who could have fallen off the social radar.

Discussion

Higher rates of divorce and lifelong singlehood, coupled with increased longevity, will compel greater numbers of older adults to construct alternative support networks. My findings suggest that more will draw these connections from unconventional venues such as neighborhood public places.
The Alzheimer’s comorbidity phenome: mining from a large patient database and phenome-driven genetics prediction
Authors: Zheng Chunlei , Xu Rong
Published: December 2018

Objective

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder and has become a global public health problem. Intensive research has been conducted for AD. But the pathophysiology of AD is still not elucidated. Disease comorbidity often associates diseases with overlapping patterns of genetic markers. This may inform a common etiology and suggest essential protein targets. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) collects large-scale postmarketing surveillance data that provide a unique opportunity to investigate disease co-occurrence pattern. We aim to construct a heterogeneous network that integrates disease comorbidity network (DCN) from FAERS with protein–protein interaction (PPI) to prioritize the AD risk genes using network-based ranking algorithm.

Materials and Methods

We built a DCN based on indication data from FAERS using association rule mining. DCN was further integrated with PPI network. We used random walk with restart ranking algorithm to prioritize AD risk genes.

Results

We evaluated the performance of our approach using AD risk genes curated from genetic association studies. Our approach achieved an area under a receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.770. Top 500 ranked genes achieved 5.53-fold enrichment for known AD risk genes as compared to random expectation. Pathway enrichment analysis using top-ranked genes revealed that two novel pathways, ERBB and coagulation pathways, might be involved in AD pathogenesis.

Conclusion

We innovatively leveraged FAERS, a comprehensive data resource for FDA postmarket drug safety surveillance, for large-scale AD comorbidity mining. This exploratory study demonstrated the potential of disease-comorbidities mining from FAERS in AD genetics discovery.
Gaia Cepheid parallaxes and ‘Local Hole’ relieve H0 tension
Authors: Shanks T , Hogarth L M , Metcalfe N
Published: December 2018

There is an ≈9 ± 2.5 per cent tension between the value of Hubble’s Constant, H0 = 67.4 ± 0.5 km s−1 Mpc−1, implied by the Planck microwave background power spectrum and that given by the distance scale of H0 = 73.4 ± 1.7 km s−1Mpc−1. But with a plausible assumption about a Gaia DR2 parallax systematic offset, we find that Gaia parallax distances of Milky Way Cepheid calibrators are ≈12–15 per cent longer than previously estimated. Similarly, Gaia also implies ≈4.7 ± 1.7 per cent longer distances for 46 Cepheids than previous distances on the scale of Riess et al. Then we show that the existence of an ≈150 h−1Mpc ‘Local Hole’ in the galaxy distribution implies an outflow of ≈500 km s−1. Accounting for this in the recession velocities of SNIa standard candles out to z ≈ 0.15 reduces H0 by a further ≈1.8 per cent. Combining the above two results would reduce the distance scale H0 estimate by ≈7 per cent from H0 ≈ 73.4 ± 1.7 to ≈68.9 ± 1.6 km s−1Mpc−1, in reasonable agreement with the Planck value. We conclude that the discrepancy between distance scale and Planck H0 measurements remains unconfirmed due to uncertainties caused by Gaia systematics and an unexpectedly inhomogeneous local galaxy distribution.
Bezlotoxumab Is Associated With a Reduction in Cumulative Inpatient-Days: Analysis of the Hospitalization Data From the MODIFY I and II Clinical Trials
Authors: Basu Anirban , Prabhu Vimalanand S , Dorr Mary Beth , Golan Yoav , Dubberke Erik R , Cornely Oliver A , Heimann Sebastian M , Pedley Alison , Xu Ruifeng , Hanson Mary E , Marcella Stephen
Published: December 2018

Background

Patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (rCDI) are more likely to have a hospital readmission and spend increased time in inpatient settings compared with patients with primary CDI. MODIFY I and II demonstrated that bezlotoxumab significantly reduced rCDI vs placebo. A post hoc within-trial analysis assessed whether bezlotoxumab was associated with a reduction in cumulative inpatient-days.

Methods

Data were pooled from the MODIFY trials to estimate the cumulative hospitalized days summed over the 84-day follow-up period. We adjusted inpatient use data from pooled MODIFY I and II for survival and censoring to estimate 84-day cumulative inpatient-days, overall and for subgroups. Treatment effects were obtained using recycled predictions based on trial protocol and rCDI risk, and 95% confidence intervals were obtained using 1000 bootstrap replicates.

Results

Mean cumulative inpatient-days were greater in the placebo arm (14.1 days) vs the bezlotoxumab arm (12.1 days) in the overall population. The mean difference between treatment groups was 2.1 days (95% confidence interval, –0.4 to –3.7). This was consistent in participants with risk factors for rCDI: age ≥65 years, compromised immunity, severe CDI, prior CDI, and ribotype 027/078/244 infection. As the number of risk factors increased, bezlotoxumab resulted in greater reductions in the number of inpatient-days compared with placebo (difference: –1.2 days, –2.3 days, –2.5 days, and –3.0 days for 0, 1, 2, and ≥3 risk factors, respectively).

Conclusions

Bezlotoxumab was associated with a reduction in cumulative inpatient-days, suggesting that treatment with bezlotoxumab may substantially reduce rCDI-associated health care resource use.

Trial registrations. MODIFY I (MK-3415A-001, NCT01241552) and II (MK-3415A-002, NCT01513239)
CFTR Heterozygotes Are at Increased Risk of Respiratory Infections: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Polgreen Philip M , Brown Grant D , Hornick Douglas B , Ahmad Ferhaan , London Barry , Stoltz David A , Comellas Alejandro P
Published: December 2018

Background

Patients heterozygous for mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene may be more susceptible to respiratory infections than the general population.

Methods. 

We conducted a retrospective case–control study using health insurance claims. We identified patients as either highly likely to be CFTR heterozygotes (CF carriers diagnosed during genetic counseling, parents of children with a diagnosis of CF, and children of mothers diagnosed with CF) or likely CFTR heterozygotes (children of CF carriers diagnosed during genetic counseling and parents of CF carriers diagnosed during genetic counseling). Next, we examined the rates of respiratory infections and antimicrobial prescriptions between both groups of CFTR patients and only the highly likely subcohort, compared with age/sex-matched controls. We examined the presence of any claim using McNemar’s test and the number of claims using the sign test.

Results

CFTR heterozygotes (the pooled highly likely and likely heterozygotes) were more prone to have at least 1 claim for a respiratory infection (odds ratio [OR], 1.28; P = .020) and to have a greater number of claims for respiratory infections (53.5%; P = .043) than controls. Patients in the highly likely cohort were also more prone to have at least 1 claim for a respiratory infection (OR, 1.30; P = .028) and more claims (54.3%; P = .039) than controls. In addition, the highly likely CFTR heterozygotes were more prone to be prescribed an antibiotic used to treat respiratory infections (OR, 1.34; P = .018) and to have more of these prescriptions (54.3%; P = .035) than controls.

Conclusions

Patients heterozygous for CFTR mutations are at higher risk for respiratory infections. Future work to describe clinical outcomes for CFTR heterozygotes is needed.