bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Optimal Artificial Intelligence Model for Determination of Urolithiasis
Authors: Eun Sung-Jong , Yun Myoung Suk , Whangbo Taeg-Keun , Kim Khae-Hawn
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This paper aims to develop a clinical decision support system (CDSS) that can help detect the stone that is most important to the diagnosis of urolithiasis. Among them, especially for the development of artificial intelligence (AI) models that support a final judgment in CDSS, we would like to study the optimal AI model by comparing and evaluating them.Methods: This paper proposes the optimal ureter stone detection model using various AI technologies. The use of AI technology compares and evaluates methods such as machine learning (support vector machine), deep learning (ResNet-50, Fast R-CNN), and image processing (watershed) to find a more effective method for detecting ureter stones.Results: The final value of sensitivity, which is calculated using true positive (TP) and false negative and is a measure of the probability of TP results, showed high recognition accuracy, with an average value of 0.93 for ResNet-50. This finding confirmed that accurate guidance to the stones area was possible when the developed platform was used to support actual surgery.Conclusions: The general situation in the most effective way to the detection stone can be found. But a variety of variables may be slightly different the difference through the term could tell. Future works, on urological diseases, are diverse and the research will be expanded by customizing AI models specialized for those diseases.
Comparison of the gastric biopsy results of Afghan refugees and Turkish people
Authors: AYVAZ Muhammed Ali , YAKARIŞIK Mustafa , DÜLGER Ahmet Cumhur , EKMEN Nergis
Published: September 2022

Helicobacter pylori- (H. pylori) infection is one of the effective factors in the development of gastric premalignant lesions, and it is known that socioeconomic conditions are closely related to H. pylori infection. Our aim was to show whether there were differences regarding H. pylori infection and gastric histopathological findings between humans who had to manage an exhausting escape out of their own country and residents of a coastal town in the black sea region of Turkey. Endoscopic findings of Turkish and Afghan patients who underwent gastroscopy for various reasons, gastric biopsies, and their histopathological results (H. pylori, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric atrophy) and some biochemical parameters were retrospectively screened from the hospital online data system. A total of 222 patients, 41 Afghan and 181 Turkish, were included in the study. There were no significant differences regarding age and gender of the patients between the groups. The percentage of the patients with intestinal metaplasia and H. pylori infection was higher in the group of the Afghan patients than in Turkish patients. Afghan refugees had similar rates of atrophic gastritis (23.1% versus 21.5%; p=0.834), when compared to resident controls. Risk factors of gastric cancer include the presence of H. pylori infection, atrophic gastritis, and intestinal metaplasia. This study supports the knowledge that socioeconomic factors such as low economic conditions and poor health infrastructure are one of the major causes of widespread global H. pylori infection status.
Depth-labeled lumbar disc forceps for safe lumbar disc surgery: Our experience with 405 patients
Authors: TONGA Faruk
Published: September 2022

Depth labeled lumbar disc forceps for safe lumbar disc surgery: Our experience with 405 patients Aim : Injury of intraabdominal structures by rupturing the anterior longitudinal ligament is a known complication of diskectomy. Despite its very low incidence, it has a high mortality. Although various minimally invasive methods are defined for discectomy, no significant reduction in this complication has been achieved. Positioning of the patient, aggressive discectomy, and deep-seated use of disc forceps are important risk factors. The aim of this study is to share our experience with modified instruments to minimize the risk of vascular and visceral injury during discectomy in surgically treated 405 patients with lumbar disc herniation. Materials and Methods: We routinely perform preoperative depth measurements at the level of lumbar disc herniations for the patients undergoing lumbar disc surgery and check the neighborhood with the prevertebral structures. During the operation, we perform discectomy with custom disc forceps that were labeled with centimeter measurements in accordance with these lengths. We performed discectomy on 405 patients using these forceps between January 2015 and May 2021. Results: In this retrospective study, disc depth measurements differed according to disc levels and gender. Disc depth was longer in males at all lumbar disc levels. Conclusion: It is very important to avoid vascular and visceral injuries for spinal surgeons. For this reason, we believe that knowing the safe preoperative discectomy depth and area and using centimeter-labeled disc forceps is the best method to prevent such complications.
Relationship between anxiety, depression, symptom level, and quality of life in individuals with COPD
Authors: ÇINAR ÖZDEMİR Özlem , ÖZONAY Kübra
Published: September 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive obstructive pulmonary disease. COPD is a major cause of workforce loss and may affect 7-12% of the adult population. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between anxiety, depression, symptom level, and quality of life in patients with COPD who were in a stable period. The present study included 125 patients with COPD (66.1±9.011 years) in a stable period. Data were obtained using the St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and COPD Assessment Test (CAT). There was a significant positive correlation between HAD-anxiety, HAD-depression, HAD-total, CAT, SGRQ-symptom level, and SGRQ-total scores in each pairwise relationship (p<0.05). The present study showed a positive relationship between anxiety, depression, symptom level, and quality of life in patients with COPD who were in a stable period. COPD patients with lower quality of life had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and symptoms. Furthermore, COPD patients with higher symptom levels had higher levels of anxiety and depression. Therefore, multidisciplinary approaches such as breathing exercises and relaxation techniques are remarkable to reduce symptoms and increase the quality of life in patients with COPD.
The prevalence of occupational accidents and diseases among 112 emergency medical workers and factors affecting it
Authors: TUNCER KARA Kevser , BULUT İrem , GURGOZE Ramazan , DEVECI Erhan , OGUZONCUL Ferdane
Published: September 2022

Occupational health has been defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as employees in all professions have complete physical, mental, and social well-being and maintain and develop this well-being. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of work-related risks, work-related diseases, occupational accidents, and diseases faced by 112 emergency medical workers and factors affecting it. This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 415 health personnel working in 112 emergency medical services in Elazig Province. It was found that 74.7%, 21.2%, and 6.3% of participants, throughout their professional life, have experienced at least one of the work-related risks, occupational accidents, and diseases, respectively. Female employees experienced more work-related diseases (p<0.01), work-related risks (p<0.01), and occupational accidents (p<0.01) than males. Being female was identified as a risk factor, and training on occupational health and safety issues was a protective factor.
Changes in pelvic floor mobility in uncomplicated pregnant women over 28 gestational week and its relation with subjective urinary incontinence complaints
Authors: KALKAN Üzeyir , YASSA Murat , SEVİM Burçak , BURAN Ayça Miray , BİROL Pınar , TEKİN Arzu Bilge , TUG Niyazi
Published: September 2022

To describe the mobility of the anterior pelvic compartment and hiatal enlargement measures in pregnancy with urinary stress incontinence complaints and their relation to the perceived subjective urinary incontinence severity. Forty-six pregnant women were included in this observational prospective cohort study, the ultrasonographic parameters of the pelvic anterior compartment including hiatal anteroposterior (AP) diameter, retrovesical angle (RVA), bladder neck descent (BND), urethral rotation angle (URA) and cystocele level were compared with the subjective urinary complaints in healthy third trimester pregnant women. Hiatal AP diameter, RVA and BND on Valsalva did not significantly correlate with gestational week (p=0.292, r=0.096; p=0.079, r=0.159; p=0.901, r=0.011, respectively). Urethral rotation angle was significantly increased in women after 39th gestational week (p=0.037, t=-2.17). Hiatal AP diameter, BND and RVA on maximal Valsalva did not differ with estimated fetal weight above and below 3000 gr. Total severity and bother scores of the M-ISI scale was found as similar among women with open (>1400) RVA and intact (<1400) RVA (p=0.556 and p=0.779, respectively). Only nocturia frequency (β=.379, t=4.035, p=.000) positively predicted the incontinence severity score. The pelvic floor ultrasound parameters of the anterior compartment may not predict the subjective urinary incontinence severity in third trimester of pregnancy. Nocturia was found to contribute for subjective impaired urinary function. The idea of being pregnant may suppress the general complaints related with changes in pelvic floor mobility.
Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on management of acute cholecystitis: A single tertiary center's experience
Authors: DEREBEY Murat , YÜKSEK Mahmut Arif , KARABACAK Ufuk , MUTLU Vahit , MİZAN Salih Raşit , TARIM İsmail Alper , ÖZBALCI Aysu Başak , KOÇ Senem , GÜNGÖR Bülent , POLAT Ayfer Kamalı , BAŞOĞLU Mahmut
Published: September 2022

Following the spread of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, surgical associations have issued their different recommendations for managing the acute cholecystitis (AC) clinic during the pandemic. We aimed to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic period on our clinical approach in patients who presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and were diagnosed with AC. Medical records of patients diagnosed with AC in the emergency room between 11 March 2020 and 10 March 2021 and in the same period of one year before the pandemic were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 groups as COVID-19 period (Group 1) and non-COVID period (Group 2). Demographics and clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes of these two groups were compared. The number of patients diagnosed with AC in the emergency department decreased during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. When the time between the onset of the complaints and the admission to the emergency service was evaluated, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p>0.05). The distribution of cholecystitis type and TG18 severity grading for AC were similar in both groups (p>0.05). While percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) is more preferred in the treatment of AC during the pandemic period and the number of delayed interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy decreased, AC management was similar in both periods with no significant statistical difference (P>0.05). In conclusion, our clinical approach and management in the treatment of AC did not differ when compared to the pre-pandemic period.
Evaluation of poisoning cases admitted to the pediatric emergency clinic retrospectively
Authors: AKYÜZ ÖZKAN Esra
Published: September 2022

We aimed to analyze the demographic and epidemiologic features of the acute poisoning cases admitted to the pediatric emergency department. We evaluated 439 cases aged 18 and under applied to Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Pediatric Emergency Department between 01/01/2019 and 01/01/2020 retrospectively. The mean age of patients was 7.5±6.39 years.242(55.1%) patients were female. Intoxications were most common in winter season (36.4%) and most seen with caustic corrosive substances. Of the poisoning agents, 35.5% (n:156) were nonpharmacologic and 57.4% (n:252) were pharmacologic agents. In poisonings with pharmacological agents, central nervous system drugs were the most common, while caustic-corrosive substances were most common in nonpharmacological poisonings. While caustic corrosive substances are in the first place in poisonings between the ages of 0-5 (47.4%), in the 5-11 age group; carbon monoxide (25%) and in the 11-18 age group; multiple drug poisonings (15%) were most common observed. Naphthalene intoxication was seen in 4.8% and alcohol was in 4.5%, higher than the literature. In our study, it was observed that alcohol use was high among young people in our region. Also, it is observed that naphthalene poisoning was in high rate. We believe that this study will guide the measures to be taken.
An unusual upper GI bleeding: Angiodysplasia at the hepaticojejunostomy anostomosis
Authors: EREN Merve , ÖCAL Serkan , DUMAN Adil
Published: September 2022

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common condition causing a considerable number of admissions in clinics. The most frequent causes of UGIB are peptic ulcer disease, malignancies, variceal bleeding and Mallory Weiss tears. A 47-year-old male subject was admitted to the emergency service with recurrent episodes of melena. He had been hospitalized several times before, but he was discharged because the endoscopic procedures did not reveal any origin. There has been a history of Whipple surgery for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. When admitted he was tachycardic, melanic stool was noted on rectal examination and his hemoglobin level was decreased. Widespread angioectasia was detected at the borders of the biliary-enteric anastomosis, which was known to have bleeding on upper GI endoscopy. Despite their rare presentation, bleeding from the vascular ectasia near the anostomotic line should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
Acute motor axonal neuropathy associated with COVID-19
Authors: PANPALLI ATEŞ Mehlika , ÇETİN Beyza Nur , ERTUĞRUL Beria Nur , YÜKSEKTEPE Ahmet Enes , ÇOMOĞLU Selim Selçuk
Published: September 2022

COVID-19, which is considered a global pandemic, is constantly being renewed. Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) is a rare, axonal variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). This article presents a 69-year-old female patient diagnosed with AMAN due to a COVID-19 infection. Sixty-nine-year-old female patient who started myalgia, headache, cough 14 days ago, and was added diarrhea, fever, loss of smell and taste. Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was found to be positive. Ten days later, numbness and weakness developed in the distal extremities. As a result of the patient's neurological examination, acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) was diagnosed.
Atypically pulmonary arteriovenous malformations
Authors: TOPALOGLU Omer , KARAPOLAT Sami , AKDOGAN Ali , TEKINBAS Celal
Published: September 2022

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM) are abnormal connections between the pulmonary arterial system and the pulmonary veins. PAVMs, which are twice as common in women, are generally seen in 4-6 decades. It is thought that congenital origin, previous thoracic traumas and thoracic surgery, liver cirrhosis, mitral stenosis and infections are among the etiological reasons in PAVM.
A case of axillary traumatic neuroma mimicking local recurrence following cancer surgery and a review of the literature
Authors: ÖLGER UZUNER Hatice , BENLİ IŞIK Cansu , KOÇ ŞAHİN Seda
Published: September 2022

Traumatic neuroma (TN) is a non-neoplastic proliferative response developing against neuronal injury. Its pathogenesis is unknown: While its overall incidence is low, the incidence of traumatic neuroma development following mastectomy is even lower. Thirty-eight post-mastectomy traumatic neuromas in 30 patients were reported in the literature. Only two of these were in the axillary region, whereas the others had originated from the mastectomy scar tissue. Even though the ultrasonographic examination reveals the features of a benign mass, performing a histopathological examination is a must for definitive diagnosis of the mass and exclusion of local recurrence, mainly when it has developed following cancer surgery. Here, we aimed to discuss in the light of the literature a patient who had undergone mastectomy and axillary dissection with the diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma eight years ago and underwent recurrent axillary dissection with the preliminary diagnosis of axillary metastasis.
Nailfold capillaroscopy findings for patients receiving hemodialysis treatment and patients with renal transplant
Authors: KÜÇÜK Harun , ABİYEV Azar , HAZNEDAROĞLU Şeminur
Published: September 2022

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death in hemodialysis patients. Early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases has vital importance. The aim of our study is to use the NFC method to determine the importance of microcirculatory structure changes for early detection of increased cardiovascular disease risk in hemodialysis patients. The research was performed from april/2017 to july/2017. The study included 15 patients receiving hemodialysis treatment and 15 renal transplant patients followed by the nephrology department and 15 healthy volunteers attending the internal diseases clinic. Every patient were examined by videocapillaroscopy according to procedure and data were recorded. Statistical analyses were evaluated with SPSS 22.0. There was a significant difference in laboratory values between hemodialysis patients and both groups except uric acid (p<0.05). There was not a significant difference between the groups in terms of capillary density, capillary hemorrhage rate, tortuous capillary incidence, and giant capillary incidence (p>0.05). In conclusion, investigation of nailfold capillaroscopy in hemodialysis and renal transplant patients did not identify a significant disruption in microcirculation compared to the healthy control group. There is a need for nailfold capillaroscopy studies of hemodialysis and renal transplant patients with higher numbers of patients.
Unexpected diagnosis ‘Foot Tuberculosis’
Authors: UZUN Metin
Published: September 2022

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease still causing significant health problems. Although it is basically a disease of the parenchyma of the pulmonary system, there can be extra-pulmonary involvement of the pleura, the central nervous system, the genito-urinary system, pericardium, eyes, skin, and the skeletal system. The primary source is pulmonary focused, and it is quite rare for infection to occur in the skeletal system by a hematogenous route. The increase in immune system compromised patients and medication resistant bacteria has caused a greater incidence of mycobacterial infection outside the lungs to have been observed. The main problem encountered in tuberculosis in the skeletal system is the diagnosis. Localized pain, high temperature and weight loss are not often seen clinically. A case is presented here for discussion of isolated foot tuberculosis, as a case which is rarely able to be diagnosed, and for which appropriate treatment was given early before the onset of function loss, giving good results.
A rare case of synchronous genital carcinoma involving endometrium and unilateral fallopian tube in a 24 years old patient
Authors: SAVCI Gamze , BAKAY Kadir
Published: September 2022

Multifocal synchronous development of malignancies of the female genital tract is a rare occurrence and less than 3% of primary malignancies of this region is synchronous. Although the simultaneous presentation of endometrial and ovarian carcinoma of the endometrioid type is well described little is known about a similar phenomenon involving the endometrium and fallopian tube. The relationship between the synchronous tumours is uncertain. More illuminating studies are being conducted on the relationship between synchronized endometrial and ovarian carcinomas in recent studies.This case is about synchronous genital carcinoma involving endometrium and unilateral fallopian tube in a 24 years old patient.
To determine safety profile of azithromycin in Covid-19 patients
Authors: ASIF Khadija , ABBAS Farhat , SANDHU Umar javaid
Published: September 2022

At the end of the year 2019, a novel virus named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV or COVID-19) first appeared in the Chinese city of Wuhan and the WHO declared the novel coronavirus disease as a global pandemic on March, 11th 2020. Corona Virus is RNA virus, major virus that affects respiratory system and can result in acute respiratory distress syndrome, so there emerged several management strategies to combat the challenge of the disease. Azithromycin is one of those treatment options. Azithromycin have been used widely and generally considered as safe medication. The design of this study is Cross-Sectional Study. The 80 Covid-19 positive in ICU were given Azithromycin along with other standard treatment, Side effects were divided into mild serious and allergic reactions. These were noted down in pre designed proforma. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 25. 80 patients were studied 38 (46.2%) patients experienced side effects, majority of which were mild in nature, Out of 80 patients Abdominal Pain was 37.5%, diarrhea 22.7% nausea 25%, transaminitis 2.5%, anorexia 26.3%, taste perversion 36.3%, dyspepsia 15%, vomiting 17.5%, headache 6.3% and somnolence 1.3%. Only 1 (1.25%) patients had arrhythmia and 1 (1.25%) had urticaria that was successfully treated. After this study this can be concluded that Azithromycin is safe drug as majority of side effects experienced were mild in nature and it can be safely used to treat Covid-19 positive patients.
Bilateral neck hematoma a complication of central venous catheterization: A case report
Authors: ALGIN Abdullah , ÖZKAN Abuzer , ERDOĞAN Mehmet Özgür
Published: September 2022

Mechanical complications of central venous catheterization include arterial puncture, vascular injuries, catheter malposition, pneumothorax, hemothorax, air embolism, subcutaneous hematoma, and arrhythmias. In this text; we report a case of bilateral neck hematoma due to catheter malposition after venous perforation which was not noticed during central venous catheterization. A 68-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department with diarrhea, vomiting and low oral intake for the last week. With complaints, the patient is diagnosed as acute renal failure in another center. Jugular catheter placement two attempts one is left, and one is right, did not yield a result. Then we placed to right femoral vein. The patient was intubated to secure the airway after bilateral cervical hematoma was observed in the cervical ultrasound. The bilateral hematoma was dissolved, and she was extubated on the fifth day of hospitalization and discharged without any sequelae. Complications that may affect the airway can be seen during central vein catheterization. Early intubation may be lifesaving if respiratory tract risk is seen.
Contribuciones al estudio de la sensibilidad de la morfometría basada en vóxel aplicada al estudio de la anatomía cerebral de roedores
Authors: Delfina Braggio,
Published: September 2022

La morfometría basada en vóxel (MBV) es una de las técnicas de morfometría cerebral más utilizadas para la investigación de cambios morfológicos en el cerebro. MBV se ha utilizado en conjunto con la aplicación de modelos experimentales animales para investigar el efecto de diversas patologías y su efecto en los cambios de concentración y volumen de materia gris. A pesar de su amplio uso, no existe en la literatura un estudio exhaustivo de su sensibilidad y precisión al momento de detectar atrofias cerebrales en roedores. En este trabajo se aplicó la simulación de atrofias cerebrales en imágenes de resonancia magnética de ratones para poder evaluar el desempeño de diversas variantes de MBV. Se analizó el efecto que tiene el suavizado, la normalización espacial y el tamaño de muestra en los resultados de MBV. Adicionalmente, se estudió en profundidad la sensibilidad del método para detectar atrofias de diferente tamaño y nivel de pérdida de materia gris. Se demostró que los pasos del procesamiento utilizados en MBV son un factor clave en los resultados del método. Además, se pudieron establecer límites específicos de la precisión y sensibilidad del método sentando bases para la interpretación de sus resultados en casos experimentales reales.

Voxel based morphometry (VBM) is one of the most widely used brain morphometry techniques for the investigation of morphological changes in the brain. MBV has been used, with the application of experimental animal models, to investigate the effect of various pathologies and their effect on changes in concentration and volume of gray matter. Despite its wide use, there is no exhaustive study in the literature of its sensitivity and accuracy when detecting brain atrophies in rodents. In this work, the simulation of cerebral atrophies in magnetic resonance images of mice was applied in order to evaluate the performance of various VBM pipelines. The effect of smoothing, spatial normalization and sample size on VBM results was analyzed. Additionally, the sensitivity of the method detecting atrophies of different sizes and levels of tissue loss was studied comprehensively. The processing steps used in VBM were shown to be a key factor in the results of the method. In addition, specific limits of the precision and sensitivity of the method could be established, laying the foundation for the interpretation of results in real experimental cases.
中国经济内外失衡现象研究
Authors: 连 芳颖
Published: September 2022

在世界范围内，经济开放程度不断提高，国际贸易往来也日趋频繁，中国经济面临着更加复杂的发展环境，经济内部和外部失衡问题制约中国经济健康有序发展。本文基于改进型斯旺模型，研究中国经济存在的矛盾冲突，分析近十五年来国际收支顺差继续扩大势态和通胀压力持续存在造成的经济内外失衡的现象，由此得出中国经济所处经济内外失衡的区域。本文并利用灰色关联法验证中国历年国际收支与真实有效汇率、货币政策、财政政策、失业率、通胀率的长期波动趋势与相关性，从而得出国际收支与真实有效汇率、失业率、通胀率等均存在较高且相近的相关性。本文结论提出应采用紧缩的支出增减政策和支出转换政策，搭配人民币相对升值的政策，来调节经济内外失衡问题，以确保国内经济回归到内外均衡的健康发展形式。
中国汇率制度稳定性、货币政策独立性、资本账户开放度选择-基于三元悖论
Authors: 黄 梓文棋
Published: September 2022

随着中国经济不断发展，在人民币国际化与资本账户日趋开放的大趋势下，制定合理的经济政策促进经济稳定发展，是现阶段中国面临的重大课题，故在三元悖论视角下研究中国经济体系制度的选择具有重要的现实意义。本文从历史角度出发，阐述三元悖论理论基础与产生原因，进而结合中国实际情况分析理论存在性、非角点解拓展及“三元”选择。基于三元悖论的框架，联系“一带一路”战略背景与人民币国际化进程，探讨新时代下中国过去经济政策的适用性，采用多元回归模型对资本账户开放度影响因素进行实证分析并提出相关结论建议，以期为中国新时代下“三元”选择、推动资本账户稳定开放、促进国内经济进一步融入世界经济提供一定的借鉴思路。
Effect of Compensation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance with Work Loyalty as a Variable Intervening in PT. Perkebunan Nusantara II Tanjung Morawa
Authors: . Sugianto , Faris Salman , Pakpakah Efendy
Published: September 2022

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of compensation and work discipline on employee performance with work loyalty as an intervening variable at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara II Tanjung Morawa. This study is a descriptive statistic that has the aim of providing an overview or description of a data which includes the mean, median and standard deviation. This research model uses multiple linear regression analysis. Multiple linear analysis is used to determine the magnitude of the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The population in this study used were employees of PT. Nusantara II Tanjung Morawa Plantation as many as 103 people. The variables in this study are Compensation, Work Discipline, Employee Performance and Work Loyalty. The results of the study show that 1. Compensation has a significant and significant effect on employee performance. 2. Work discipline has a significant and significant effect on employee performance. 3. Work loyalty has no significant effect on employee performance. 4. Compensation has no significant effect on job loyalty. 5. Work discipline has a significant and significant effect on work loyalty. 6. Compensation has no significant effect on employee performance through work loyalty. 7. Work discipline has no significant effect on employee performance through work loyalty.

Keywords: Compensation, Work Discipline, Employee Performance and Work Loyalty
Effectiveness of Mobilisation with Movement Versus Conventional Physiotherapy on Pain and Functions Among Patients with Unilateral Medial Compartment Tibiofemoral Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Sharma Rita
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of Mobilisation with Movement and conventional physiotherapy in patients with unilateral medial compartment tibiofemoral knee osteoarthritis.
Methods: A total of 30 subjects with osteoarthritis knee diagnosed clinically were included in the study and randomised equally into two groups, 15 in each. Group A had Mobilisation with Movement and Group B underwent conventional physiotherapy.The outcome measures used were Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oxford knee score (OKS). The measurement were taken at baseline and after 2 weeks of intervention.
Results: The paired and unpaired t tests were used to compare within and between the groups respectively. Both the groups improved in pain and Oxford knee score, but Group A improved significantly more in Visual analogue scale (VAS) (P<0.0001) and Oxford knee score (OKS) (P <0.0405) than Group B.
Conclusion: The study concluded that Mobilisation with Movement (MWM) provides superior benefits over conventional physiotherapy in improving the pain and functions.

Keywords: Knee Osteoarthritis, Mobilisation with Movement, Shortwave diathermy, VAS, OKS
The Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Pregnancies Complicated by Covid-19: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Facility in Guyana (Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation)
Authors: Biala Ademola , Afenfia Belemo , Acevedo Urrutia Rosa Dailey
Published: September 2022

Background: In December 2019, there was an outbreak of pneumonia cases in the city of Wuhan, China. The outbreak was first manifested as a cluster of mysterious pneumonia cases mostly related to the Huanan Seafood market in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province. Genomic investigations of the pathogen found that the disease was caused by a new strain of coronaviruses and the disease was given the name “Covid 19”. Pregnant women with Covid-19 may be at greater risk of severe illness although the full impact of the infection in pregnancy is unknown. Amongst the Guyanese population, several pregnant mothers have tested positive to Covid-19 thereby generating major concerns.
Objectives: To ascertain the maternal, perinatal and immediate neonatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by Covid-19 infection at the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Guyana.
Method: This study is a retrospective chart review of pregnant patients who were diagnosed with Covid-19 from August, 2020 to April 2021 and delivered at GPHC. The data collected include socio-demographics of patients, parity, gestational age at delivery, birth weight amongst others.
Results: This retrospective study was able to show the outcomes of Covid-19 in pregnant patients at the Georgetown Public Hospital from August, 2020 to April, 2021. During this study period, the total study population of this research was 4,686 of which only seventy-nine (79) participants fit the study criteria.
Conclusion: This retrospective study shows there was no statistically significant impact seen in the maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by Covid-19 infection at Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation (GPHC).

Keywords: Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Pregnancies, Covid-19, Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation
The Effect of the Utilization of Information Technology, Human Resources Capacity, and Internal Control Systems on the Quality of Financial Reports for the Local Government of Serdang Bedagai District with Leadership Style as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Purba Siti Hamdayani , . Erlina , . Tarmizi
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the utilization of information technology, human resource capacity, and internal control systems on the quality of financial reports for the local government of Serdang Bedagai District. In addition, this study also examines whether leadership style can be used as a moderating variable in this research model.
This research is causal associative research. The population of this research is all OPD (Regional Apparatus Organizations) in the local government of the Serdang Bedagai District. Based on the purposive sampling technique, the number of samples used in this study was 90 respondents. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out using questionnaires, documentation, and observation techniques. The data analysis technique used in this study is the PLS (Partial Least Square) technique using the SmartPLS software, which is run on computer media.
The results obtained in this study indicate that the utilization of information technology and internal control systems has a positive and significant influence on the quality of the financial statements of the local government of the Serdang Bedagai District. Meanwhile, the capacity of human resources proved to have no significant effect on the quality of the local government's financial reports in the Serdang Bedagai District. Meanwhile, other results in this study indicate that the leadership style can moderate the influence of the internal control system on the quality of the financial statements of the local government of the Serdang Bedagai District.

Keywords: Utilization of Information Technology, Human Resource Capacity, Internal Control System, Leadership Style, Quality of LKPD
Relationship of Breastfeeding Techniques with Improvement Baby Weight
Authors: . Syamsuriyati , Handayani Rika , Rachman Irwandi
Published: September 2022

Background: The development of baby weight is one way to see the growth of weight in babies, which is seen from breast milk and the way mothers provide breastfeeding techniques to their babies. Because breastfeeding can increase nutritional intake and provide an abundance of love that is useful for baby development. As for the correct breastfeeding technique is a way of giving breast milk to the baby with the attachment and position of the mother. [1]
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between breastfeeding techniques and increased baby weight.
Method: The type of research used is the Analytical method with a Cross Sectional Study Approach, where the research object is only observed once and measurements are made on the status of the character or variable of the object at the time of examination by approaching and collecting data at the same time. This study uses a purposive sampling technique with a total of 30 respondents. The samples in this study were some breastfeeding mothers who had babies aged 7-10 weeks.
Results: Based on statistical tests using chi square, obtained p-value of 0.001 which is smaller than = 0.05, so Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means that there is a relationship between breastfeeding technique and increased baby weight.

Keywords: Breastfeeding Techniques, Baby Weight Gain
Use of Daily Low-Dose Aspirin in Pregnancy for Women at High Risk of Preeclampsia at Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation
Authors: Gittens Dr. Sabrina , Pak Dr. Janie
Published: September 2022

Objective: To Determine what proportion of eligible high-risk women diagnosed with preeclampsia received low dose aspirin during antepartum care.
Design & Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of all patients who delivered at Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation between September to December 2017 and were diagnosed with a hypertensive disorder in pregnancy. The primary outcome was the fraction of women diagnosed with preeclampsia, eclampsia or HELLP syndrome who met the U.S. Preventive Task Force criteria to be started on aspirin and were started on aspirin between 12 and 28 weeks of gestation. Maternal secondary outcomes included: Intensive care unit admissions, end organ injury, placental abruption and death. Neonatal secondary outcomes included: Neonatal intensive care unit admissions, fetal growth restriction, preterm births, stillbirths and neonatal death. Data was organised and analysed in Microsoft Excel 2016.
Results: Of the 2,452 deliveries, 2,160 (88%) charts were found and reviewed. 14.3% were diagnosed with a hypertensive disorder in pregnancy. Of these, 37% had preeclampsia, eclampsia or HELLP syndrome. Among these, 36.8% met criteria to receive low dose aspirin antepartum but only 4.8% received aspirin. Of the secondary outcomes, one death occurred because of a haemorrhagic CVA. 42.1% of neonates were born prematurely of which 4 were stillbirths and 4 were neonatal deaths.
Conclusions; The routine use of a low dose of aspirin among pregnant women who met the criteria to be started on was low.
Recommendations: All women should be screened for the risk of developing preeclampsia and if needed, aspirin should be started between 12-28 weeks of gestation to get the best effects.

Keywords: preeclampsia, aspirin in pregnancy, GPHC
Predator Propagation Technique Sycanus dichotomus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in Laboratory
Authors: . Marheni
Published: September 2022

Pest control for oil palm trees still using the insecticide, the toxic materials could lead the killing of parasitoid and predator. Various types of parasitoid and predator founded on oil palm crops, such us predatory of Sycanus dichotomusas pest predatory of fire caterpillar and bagworm. Various way conducted to incline the role of predator to push the development of pest, such as adding the number and releasing the predator into field area. Provision of predator in big number conducted with mass breeding. Many research about propagation of S. dichotomus with using the feed of Tenebrio molitor, however, never known the propagation of S.dichotomous using the T.molitor which integrated with natural feed or artificial. This research aiming to propagate S. dichotomous using the T. molitor and Oecophylla smaragdina also honey. Other wise the maintenance using the simple tools such as jar and glass cage. The parameter which used, namely; the percentage of development of S. dichotomous in the egg stadia, nymph and the ability of female imago producing the eggs.
The research conducted in Pest Laboratory of Universitas Sumatera Utara with the temperature around 25-30°C and the humidity were 70-80%. The rearing conducted with caring 15 nymphs, 15 couple of imago of S. dichotomus, and 15 eggs’ group. Nymph stadia of instar 1 of S. dichotomous given the honey feed, nymph of instar 2 given the egg of O.smaragdina and honey, also the nymph of instar 3 until instar 5 and imago stadia given the fly bow nymph of T. molitor and honey. The development of nymph of instar 1 to instar 2 and nymph of instar2 became instar 3 for each amount 93-95%. The development of nymph of instar 3 to instar 4 amount 90-93%, however, nymph of instar 4 changed into nymph of instar 5 only reaching 70-75%. A couple of S. dichotomous producing as much 3-4 groups and as much 60-80 eggs for each group, and the changes of eggs stadia became nymph reacing 95-96%.

Keywords: Rearing, Sycanus dichotomus, Predatory
Using Benime to Develop the Animation Board for Production Écrite Élémentaire Courses
Authors: Lamria Sitompul Jubliana , . Marice , Friska Junita
Published: September 2022

This research is based on the observations regarding learning to write in production écrite élémentaire course that has not reached the target because of inappropriate media and relatively low value data from the evaluation of learning outcomes. The research aims to design and develop learning media through an animation board using benime in accordance with the demands of the A2 DELF level of French writing competence and to determine student learning outcomes. The procedure begins by carrying out four stages, namely collecting information and data, designing learning media, and expert validation of the media and of the material included. After the four stages are carried out and declared feasible by the validator, the learning media was tested on students in the classroom. The outputs are international journal publication, copyright proposal, textbook, research reports, and animated whiteboard products.

Keywords: writing, learning media, animation board, benime
Factors of Organizational Identification Influencing Affective Commitment at the Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia in Jakarta
Authors: Magdalena Pratiwi , Tanuwijaya Justine
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze factors of organizational identification influencing affective commitment at the Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia in Jakarta. The research method used is a quantitative method. This research is categorized as hypothesis testing. The population and sample used for this research are the employees of the Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia in Jakarta with a total of 120 respondents. The data analysis method used is structural equation modeling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS) using SmartPLS software. The results show that job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on organizational identification at the Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia in Jakarta. Perceived supervisor support has a positive and significant effect on organizational identification at the Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia in Jakarta. Workplace incivility has a negative and significant effect on organizational identification at the Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia in Jakarta. Organizational identification has a positive and significant effect on affective commitment at the Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia in Jakarta.

Keywords: Job Satisfaction, Perceived Supervisor Support, Workplace Incivility, Organizational Identification, Affective Commitment
Suprascapular Nerve Block for Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery: Meta-Analysis Approach for Measuring Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Gupta Dr Bipin , Gupta Dr Vikas
Published: September 2022

A variety of peripheral nerve block methods are used in the clinic to enhance the effect of postoperative analgesia. In recent years, an increasing number of surgeons have considered the efficacy and safety of suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) combined with axillary nerve block (ANB) for controlling perioperative pain in shoulder arthroscopy. Shoulder pain is a frequent complaint that results in great functional disability in the affected shoulder as well as the decrease in patients’ quality of life. Suprascapular nerve block is an effective therapeutic method and has been increasingly used by anesthesiologists both for regional anesthesia and postoperative analgesia of surgeries carried out. Compared with SSNB alone, SSNB + ANB has better advantages regarding patient satisfaction within 24 h after surgery.

Keywords: Suprascapular nerve block, SSNB, arthroscopic shoulder surgery, shoulder arthroscopy
Impact of Financial Development on Economic Growth in Chinese Perspectives: ARDL Approach
Authors:   The Northeast Asia Economic Association Of Korea, Nam Soojoong , Lu Guimin
Published: September 2022

In this paper we examine the dynamic causal relationship between financial development and economic growth in China-using the newly developed ARDL-Bounds testing procedure. We use four proxies of financial development, namely M2/GDP, the ratio of private sector credit to GDP, the ratio of stock market capitalization to GDP and the ratio of bond market to GDP in order. The analysis period used annual data from 1978 to 2019. For analyzing the long term equilibrium relationship between the desired variables, we have employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag(ARDL) Bound testing approach. ARDL being a new approach is an improvement over the other traditional techniques of cointegration. Further, using the technique of bound testing approach, we have tried to estimate the impact in the short run also. The findings suggest that there exist an equilibrium relationship in long run between financial development and economic growth. The results suggested that financial development causes economic growth in the long run, however not statistical significance in the short term.
An Analysis Factors in Exchange Rate Volatility and Effects of Exchange Rate Volatility on the Real Economy
Authors:   The Northeast Asia Economic Association Of Korea, Choi Nam-Jin
Published: September 2022

This study empirically analyzes factors that can affect the volatility of the domestic won/dollar exchange rate, which advocates a small open economy, focusing on the United States, a representative key currency country. In addition, the effect of exchange rate volatility on the domestic real economy was analyzed. First, the EGARCH model is estimated in order to extract won/dollar exchange rate volatility. The results show that there is a volatility clustering phenomenon in the won/dollar exchange rate volatility. Next, factors of exchange rate volatility are estimated through the regression analysis. The estimated results indicate that variables of the US currency amount and Korea-US interest rate spread show significant amounts of coefficients, and each variable increase causes the increase of won/dollar exchange rate volatility. This explains that the expansionary monetary policy of the US implemented for domestic business recovery raises won/dollar exchange rate volatility through direct currency channel and portfolio channel. On the other hand, the growth rate of the US shows significant negative coefficient, and the increase of relevant variables leads to the reduction of won/dollar exchange rate volatility. In the results of estimating the SVAR model in order to check the effects of exchange rate volatility on real economy of Korea, the shock of exchange rate volatility increase reduces trades between Korea and the US while limiting the growth rate of Korea. Through the above analysis results, it is expected that unexpected monetary policy(austerity monetary policy) of major key currency countries including the US might expand the won/dollar exchange rate volatility, which could function as an element to restrict domestic real economy.
Kovid-19 Salgınında Sosyal Hizmet Bakışıyla Ailede Yoksullaşma ve Uzaktan Eğitim
Authors: CIBIR Safiye Elif
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 salgını bir pandemi olarak küresel ölçekte etkiler göstermiştir. Çok hızlı yayılım göstererek milyonlarca insanın ölümüne sebebiyet vermiştir. Bu sebeple bu yeni sağlık krizi ortasında bir ok sosyal ve ekonomik sorunlar da yaşanmaya başlamıştır.

Pandeminin tedavisinin bilinmemesi süreci zorlaştırmış, kısa uzun süreli kapanmalar ekonomik zorluklara neden olmuş ve işsizlik de artış görülmüştür. Ayrıca eğitim sisteminde kapanmalar uzaktan eğitim adıyla yeni bir modelin ortaya çıkmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Dezavantajlı gruplar bu işsizlik ve uzaktan eğitim açmazında bir kat daha zorlukla yüzleşmişlerdir.

COVID-19 pandemisi sosyal, küresel etkileriyle sosyal hizmet uygulamalarına duyulan ihtiyacı gündeme getirmiştir. Özellikle dezavantajlı grupların sosyal adalet ilkesiyle toplumda yerini korumaları bu dönemde oldukça önemli bir hale gelmiştir. Meslek elemanları pandeminin kısa ve uzun vadeli etkilerini göz önüne alarak koruyucu ve destekleyici hizmetlerin düzenlenmesi için çalışmaların gerekliliğini sıkça tartışmıştır. Bu düşünceler çerçevesinde sosyal politikaların ve ekonomik planların pandemi etkileri çerçevesinde düşünülerek derin bir krize dönüşen salgın süreciyle mücadelede önem kazanacağı ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu derleme COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde derinleşen yoksulluk ve uzaktan eğitim sürecinin sosyal hizmet bakış açısıyla değerlendirilmesi amacıyla kaleme alınmıştır.