bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survival of the Richest: How we must tax the super-rich now to fight inequality
Authors: Christensen Martin-Brehm , Hallum Christian , Maitland Alex , Parrinello Quentin , Putaturo Chiara , Abed Dana , Brown Carlos , Kamande Anthony , Lawson Max , Ruiz Susana
Published: December 2022

We are living through an unprecedented moment of multiple crises. Tens of millions more people are facing hunger. Hundreds of millions more face impossible rises in the cost of basic goods or heating their homes. Poverty has increased for the first time in 25 years. At the same time, these multiple crises all have winners. The very richest have become dramatically richer and corporate profits have hit record highs, driving an explosion of inequality. This report focuses on how taxing the rich is vital to addressing this unprecedented polycrisis and skyrocketing inequality. The report explores how, in recent history, taxation of the richest was far higher; how talk of taxing the rich and making billionaires pay their fair share is hugely popular; and how taxing the rich claws back elite power and reduces not just economic inequality, but racial, gender and colonial inequalities, too. The report lays out how much tax the richest should pay, and the practical, tried and tested ways in which governments can raise such taxation. It shows us how taxing the rich can set us clearly on a path to a more equal, sustainable world free from poverty.
The effectiveness of conversational AI services on Covid-19 vaccine confidence and acceptance in Thailand, Hong Kong, and Singapore
Authors: Leung Kathy , Lee Kristi , Dabak Saudamini , Kong Vivian , Park Minah , Kwok Shirley , Silzle Madison , Rachatan Chayapat , Cook Alex , Passanante Aly , Pertwee Ed , Wu Zhengdong , Elkin Javier , Larson Heidi , Lau Eric , Lin Leesa , Wu Joseph T
Published: December 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the emergence of the infodemic and vaccine hesitancy posed a significant challenge to adequate vaccine uptake. In response, conversational AI services such as chatbots have become an increasingly popular tool in the field of health service delivery and communication to increase individuals’ health literacy and vaccination intention. However, few studies have performed a rigorous evaluation of the effectiveness of chatbots as a means of improving vaccine confidence and acceptance. In Thailand, Hong Kong, and Singapore, from February 11th to June 30th, 2022, we conducted multisite randomised controlled trials (RCT) on 2,045 adults with unvaccinated dependent family members who were vulnerable (i.e., seniors) and had been refusing/delaying vaccination, or newly eligible for vaccines (i.e., children). After a week of using multilingual COVID-19 vaccine chatbots, the differences in vaccine confidence - measured by the Vaccine Confidence Index - and acceptance were compared between the intervention and control groups. Factors of vaccine confidence and acceptance were explored. Compared to non-users, a smaller proportion of chatbot users reported a decrease of confidence in vaccine effectiveness in the Thailand child group [Intervention: 4·3% vs. Control: 17%, P = 0·023] and Hong Kong child group [10% vs. 26%, P = 0·034], and of vaccine effectiveness in reducing severe conditions in the Thailand senior group [12% vs. 21%, P = 0·024]. There was no significant change in vaccine confidence or acceptance in the Singapore child group and Hong Kong senior group. Employing the RE-AIM framework, process evaluation indicated strong acceptance and implementation support for vaccine chatbots from stakeholders, with high levels of sustainability and scalability. This study was the first multisite, parallel RCT on vaccine chatbots and reported mixed success in improving vaccine confidence and acceptance among highly hesitant Asian subpopulations. Deploying chatbots as a complement to existing vaccination strategies could identify users’ main concerns for rejecting/delaying vaccination and facilitate a targeted communication and engagement strategy.
Trial registration: NCT05424952
Impact of Training Intervention on Health Care Waste Management among Healthcare workers: A pre experimental study in Sahloul University Hospital
Authors: Bannour Rania , Cheikh Asma Ben , Bhiri Sana , Ghali Hela , Khefacha Salwa , Rejeb Mohamed Ben , Laatiri Houyem Said
Published: December 2022

Background: Healthcare waste (HCW) is considered one of the most hazardous waste globally. Healthcare waste management is a neglected issue in hospitals of developing countries due to poor practices among health staff. Trainings of health workers have been proven to be one of the most effective strategies for improving the practices and health behavior
The aim of this study was to assess HCWM before and after repeated training sessions in Sahloul University Hospital (2019-2021).
Methods: A pre experimental study, based on two audits of HCWM, was carried out at Sahloul University Hospital (2019-2021). The data collection was carried on three stages over two different years.
Results: Concerning the audit of ressources; Between the year 2019 and 2021, we noted an improvement of the some of ressource indicators such as “Presence of yellow bags in sufficient numbers” (54.9% VS 83.3%; p=0.003); “Presence of black bags in sufficient numbers” (63.9% VS 82.18%,p=0.003) or “Presence of wheeled trolley for HCW transport” (34.1% VS 82%, p<10-3).
The audit of practices was carried out in 160 units in 2019 VS 132 in2021. There has been a marked improvement in the sorting of HCW between pre- and post training.
In fact, the overall compliance rate for sorting sharps has gone from 60.3% to 77.6% (p <10-3) while that of sorting soft and solid waste from 32.5% to 72.4%, (p <10-3) in 2021.
The overall compliance rate for the intra-service collection step passed from 31.3% to 58.2%., we noted a persistence of inadequacies in the labeling of containers and bags as well as the traceability of the time of HCW collection.
Conclusion: The provided training courses were effective; indicating a significant improvement of healthcare workers adherence to recommended practices of HCW management. Nevertheless, there are still some indicators to be improved.
Envisioning a culturally safe midwifery model from the perspective of Indigenous families: A case study of midwifery care in inner city Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Wiscombe J. Dawn , Shukla Shailesh
Published: December 2022

Background Our research paper explores the concept of cultural safety and it’s practical implications in a midwifery-led prenatal care model designed to improve access to prenatal care for Indigenous people in inner-city Winnipeg. While previous studies suggest midwifery care as a facilitator to access to prenatal care for Indigenous families, there have been no studies performed to date specifically about the role of culturally safe midwifery care in inner-city Winnipeg.
Methods We we focused on using Indigenous research methodologies to ground the research in an Indigenous world view. We used Two-Eyed Seeing as a reflective engagement tool with Indigenous midwifery clients to understand how midwives and other care providers can shape the quality of prenatal care services to meet the needs of local Indigenous families more effectively, and in a culturally safe manner.
Results The results show that the Mount Carmel Clinic (MCC) midwifery model is on a continuum of culturally safety, which contributes to feelings of trust and comfort, and encourages families to attend for prenatal care. The model of care could facilitate a deeper level cultural safety by expanding the care team to include Indigenous members and access to traditional knowledge about pregnancy, birth and parenting.
Effects of an acute dose of antioxidants on glucose metabolism at rest, during exercise, and during a glucose load in healthy young subjects: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double- blind crossover trial
Authors: Rodriguez Ivan , Espinosa Enma Veronica Paez , Cofre Cristian , Álvarez Cristian , Zbinden-Foncea Hermann , Castro-Sepulveda Mauricio
Published: December 2022

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate glucose metabolism (GM) by improving the translocation of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle and pancreatic beta cells in vitro. ROS triggered by exercise promotes GM regulation. Antioxidant supplementation could block these beneficial effects, altering these processes during exercise. However, there is limited evidence in humans on whether antioxidant intake affects GM. Therefore, we investigate the effect that a high dose of antioxidants (HDA) has on GM.
Methods: Two trials: 60 minutes before an endurance exercise bout (EEX) and 60 minutes before an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), ten healthy and physically active male subjects (age, 25.3 ± 4.2; HOMA-IR, 1.3 ± 0.43; VO2max, 50.6 ± 8.12 mL•kg-1•min-1) consumed a high dose of antioxidants (HDA, 1000 mg of Vitamin C, 600 IU of Vitamin E, and 600 mg of α-lipoic acid) or placebo (2000 mg of talc) before each trial. Trials were 7 days apart and consisted of 1) 60 minutes of endurance exercise at 60 % of Vo2max and 2) 60 minutes of OGTT (75 g). Measurements of gas exchange and capillary blood samples were collected every 15 minutes during both trials.
Results: Ingestion of antioxidants (AOC) by the participants in the trial showed higher resting blood glucose than the placebo (AOC, 95.5 ± 7.6; placebo, 87.4 ± 6.4 mg/dl-1; P = 0.03). During endurance exercise (EEX), AOC modified carbohydrate oxidation (CHOox) with respect to time (time, P < 0.001; group, P = 0.11; time x group interaction, P = 0.03), showed no changes in lactate or glucose concentration. During OGTT, AOC trial showed a decrease in blood glucose concentrations with respect to time (time, P = 0.001; group, P = 0.17; time x group interaction, P = 0.06), without changes in blood lactate or CHOox.
Conclusion: An acute dose of antioxidants increases the glycemic level at rest and (CHOox) during EEX in healthy subjects.
Potential of agricultural and fishery wastes as sustainable feed ingredients for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Liebana Clara , Rodriguez Yamila Eliana , Fernández-Gimenez Analía Verónica , Cecchi Federico Alcides , Pereira Nair de los Ángeles
Published: December 2022

Soybean meal (SBM) is the most widely employed vegetable ingredient in aquafeeds, but its rising price and the negative environmental impacts of its cultivation open research efforts for its replacement. More sustainable aquaculture may be achieved by utilizing agricultural and fishery by-products; thus, this study aims to incorporate pea meal (PM) and shrimp protein hydrolysate (SH) as protein ingredients in tilapia juveniles’ feed. The presence of protease inhibitors and the in vitro digestion were evaluated for raw (PM0) and extruded pea meals (PM150), while SH characteristics were studied as well. The nutritional quality of alternative ingredients was assessed to formulate a diet that meets tilapia juveniles’ requirements, and its effects on growth were evaluated. Extrusion significantly reduced the PM inhibitory effect on tilapia proteases (from 5.4–1.9%). In vitro protein digestion of PM150 (7.8 ± 1.35%) did not differ from the control treatment with fish meal (FM; 11.8 ± 1.94%). Additionally, SH presented 41.6 ± 2.91% of DPPH radical scavenging activity. Tilapias fed with a diet where SBM was totally replaced by the dietary inclusion of 25% PM150 and 10% SH, presented comparable growth indicators to those exposed to the control diet. Extrusion reduced PM proteolytic inhibitory effect and improved protein digestibility. SH presented antioxidant effect, as well as, provided flavor enhancers and essential amino acids to the diet. It is feasible to achieve a sustainable dietary formulation for juvenile tilapia using the evaluated by-products without affecting its growth performance.
Frontline and forgotten: Community nurses’ experience of shielding during COVID-19
Authors: Stenson Sophie , Arfanis Konstantinos
Published: December 2022

In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic reached the United Kingdom. National and local lockdowns became the new reality as the pandemic had a significant effect on morbidity and mortality, especially amongst vulnerable groups of the population. It was people in these groups in particular that were advised to shield at home. There are a number of studies focusing on the psychological effect of this enforced isolation on the general population; however, to the researchers’ knowledge, the effects shielding on healthcare professionals has not received a similar level of attention. The general population has expressed its appreciation to frontline healthcare professionals, with the majority of praise directed towards doctors and nurses working for the National Health Service. It must be noted that community nurses working for the private sector do not appear to have been officially afforded the same recognition, and research on the psychological effect the pandemic had on these healthcare professionals is lacking. The primary researcher identified this gap in the literature which became one of the reasons for the present study. This study enlisted the participation of ten community nurses working in the private sector who experienced shielding due to a long-term health condition. Participants were all female and aged between 24 and 63 years, and each attended a semi-structured interview. These interviews consisted of nine open-ended questions exploring these nurses’ experiences and the psychological effects COVID-19 and shielding had on them. Grounded Theory was favoured as the analytical technique, identifying eleven core themes. Social Identity Theory informed the evaluation of the data. Nurses reported an array of, psychological effects, varying from mild to severe. According to participants, employer recognition and staying connected with colleagues are vital for the maintenance of their social and professional identity and, psychological well-being.
Real-Time Glaucoma Screening from Digital Retinal Fundus Images using an Ensemble Deep Learning based Approach
Authors: S Santhosh , Babu D Veerabhadra
Published: December 2022

A condition known as glaucoma, which affects the optic nerve, can cause visual loss that is either partial or total. Therefore, there is a critical need for glaucoma screening at an early age. The symptoms related to glaucoma are not noticeable until severe stages of this illness and they appear when the patient has already lost a significant part of his eyesight. The majority of earlier diagnosis strategies rely on handmade feature engineering. The use of fundus images for the early detection of eye disorders is of tremendous clinical value. Deep learning is becoming more and more common in related applications, such as lesion segmentation, biomarkers segmentation, disease diagnosis, and image synthesis, due to its potent performance. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have recently been utilized in the field of ophthalmology to identify specific eye ailments, including glaucoma. They have demonstrated good performance in the early detection of several diseases. The method described in this paper uses densely connected neural networks with numerous layers that were initially trained on ImageNet using the fundus dataset that is readily available. We can be cautiously optimistic about the efficacy of our classification model for the early identification of glaucoma given the accuracy of almost 97 that was achieved.
The efficiency of probiotic-based adsorbent in reducing the intoxication in Piarcatus mesopotamicus: metabolic performance and histology of the liver for evaluating good health
Authors: Ziemniczak Henrique M. , Godoy Antonio Cesar , Oxford Jarred Hugh , Silva Welinton V. , Melo Jean C. S. , Saturnino Klaus C. , Gandra Jeferson R. , Neu Dacley H. , Pereira Ulisses Padua , Honorato Claucia A.
Published: December 2022

In this study, we evaluated the effect of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in pacus (Piaractus mesopotam- icus) that were fed diets containing 0.0; 25.0; 50.0; 100.0; 200.0, and 400.0 µg kg−1 of AFB1 for 10 days. Furthermore, also was evaluated the effect of an adsorbent (0.2%) supplemented in fish diets containing 0.0, 25.0, and 400.0 µg kg−1 of AFB1. At the end of each experiment, fish were fasted for 24 h, and the survival rate was measured. Six specimens from each treatment were randomly selected for assays of tissue metabolic indicators in the liver: superoxide dismutase, catalase, alanine aminotransferase, aspar- tate aminotransferase, and albumin and six, for histopathological analysis. Hepatic metabolism showed lesions in fish fed with doses higher than 25.0 µg kg−1 of AFB1. The histopathological results revealed necrosis of the liver. The addition of 0.2% adsorbent promoted the restoration of liver functions in fish fed with diets containing 25.0 µg kg−1 AFB1. The histopathological results demonstrated hepatic tissue with a healthy architecture. In conclusion, AFB1 at a concertation of 25.0 µg kg−1 negatively affects the liver, but the addition of a probiotic-based adsorbent (PBA) in fish diet containing 25.0 µg kg−1 AFB1 cancels the toxic effects of AFB1. Therefore, the use of PBAs in fish diets are recommended.
Biomarkers and Outcomes in Diverse Cancers: Meta-Analysis of Early Phase Immuno-Oncology Trials
Authors: Fountzilas Elena , Vo Henry Hiep , Mueller Peter , Kurzrock Razelle , Tsimberidou Apostolia-Maria
Published: December 2022

Background
Many immuno-oncology (IO) trials are conducted without biomarker selection. We performed a meta-analysis of phase I/II clinical trials evaluating immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to determine the association between biomarkers and clinical outcomes, if any.
Methods
We searched PubMed for phase I/II clinical trials of drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (labeled, off-label, or combined with investigational ICIs or other treatment modalities) from 2018 to 2020. We compared the objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) between biomarker-positive and biomarker-negative groups, using data from correlative studies.
Results
Overall, 174 clinical studies that included 19,178 patients were identified and 131 studies investigated > 30 correlative biomarkers, that included PD-L1 expression (≥ 1%, 111 studies), tumor mutational burden (20 studies), and microsatellite instability/mismatch repair deficiency (10 studies). Overall, 123, 46, and 30 cohorts (drugs, tumor types, or biomarkers) with 11,692, 3,065, and 2,256 patient outcomes for ORR, PFS, and OS, respectively, were analyzed in correlation with biomarkers. Meta-analyses demonstrated that ICIs in patients with biomarker-positive tumors were associated with higher ORR (odds ratio 2.15 [95% CI, 1.79–2.58], p < 0.0001); and longer PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.55 [95% CI, 0.45–0.67], p < 0.0001), and OS (HR 0.65 [95% CI, 0.53–0.80], p < 0.0001) compared with those with biomarker-negative tumors. Significance for ORR and PFS was retained in multivariate analysis (p < 0.001) (OS, not included owing to the small number of trials reporting OS).
Conclusion
Our data suggest that IO biomarkers should be used in patient selection for ICIs. Prospective studies are warranted.
L-HRP: A Remote Health Risk Prediction model based on LSTM for elderly
Authors: Yang Liqing , Ding Zhimei , Yu Yichuan , Guo Wenqing , Liu Lu , Chen Lin , Hou Wensheng , Xiao Mingzhao , Bai Dingqun , Wu Xiaoying , Wang Xing
Published: December 2022

With the continuous progress of the aging process, the prevalence of chronic diseases and disability among the elderly increases, resulting the corresponding medical demand and medical costs create an intensified pressure on the healthcare infrastructures. To this end, this topic proposes a remote health risk prediction model for the community- and home-based scenarios based on wearable sensor technology and deep learning technology to alleviate the pressure on healthcare infrastructure. The model is designed in three functional considerations. The wearable sensor component is responsible for remotely and continuously collecting vital signs of the elderly, including five variables: systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), temperature (TEMP), and oxygen saturation (SPO2). The neural network component consists of five different 5- input-1-output Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, which are responsible for predicting values of the vital signs. The risk prediction component consists of a simplified version of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS), which is responsible for predicting the health risk level based on the predicted values of vital signs. The model is developed and tested using existing electronic health record (EHR) that mimic vital signs data collected via wireless sensor network. We found that the model performed the best using a dataset in a size of 1000 admissions, within a time window of 12 hours, and with a configuration of 5 neurons and 50 epochs. The accuracy was over 74% for the risk level calculated from the predicted values of vital signs. Our results suggest that remote monitoring and prediction of health risks in the elderly using deep learning models is a feasible new strategy for community- and home-based monitoring systems.
Overexpression of purine nucleoside phosphorylase increases the adenosine content in Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Zhu Yating , Xiao Zhengpeng , Zhou Jiali , Yu Zhen , Liu Teng , Kang Xincong , Liu Dongbo
Published: December 2022

Background: Adenosine has been getting increasing attention due to its positive role in immunomodulation, anti-inflammation, and anti-cancer, etc.. The low production of Ganoderma adenosine is a bottleneck for clinical trials and commercial applications. Regulating the expression of key adenosine biosynthetic gene is an optimized way to increase the production of adenosine in submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum.
Results: In this study, we correlated the expression of adenosine synthase genes (including GlATIC, GlPNP, GlADK) with the adenosine content in mycelium at different fermentation time points. The results showed that GlPNP was positively correlated with Ganoderma adenosine contents. Then the key biosynthetic gene GlPNP was cloned, characterized and overexpressed in G. lucidum. The cDNA of GlPNP gene was 969-bp in length, with a predicted molecular weight of 34.6 kDa and PI of 5.89. The GlPNP displayed a trimeric quaternary structure by theoretically modelling with SWISS-MODEL. The transcript levels of GlPNP overexpression transformants (namely OE::GlPNP-5 and OE::GlPNP-7) were approximately 2.9-3.9-fold higher than those of the WT strains on day 4, while the adenosine contents were increased by 78% and 63%, respectively, by compared with vector-containing strain. In addition, the GlPNP overexpression strains showed decreased colony growth and reduced biomass in submerged cultivation.
Conclusions: GlPNP gene overexpression is an effective strategy to improve the production of adenosine in G. lucidum. This study is the first report about the manipulation of adenosine biosynthesis in medicinal fungi.
Random Walks on the Generalized Symmetric Group: Cutoff for the One-sided Transposition Shuffle
Authors: Deng Yongtao , Tan Shi Jie Samuel
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we present a proof for the exhibition of a cutoff for the one-sided transposition (OST) shuffle on the generalized symmetric group $G_{m,n}$. Our work shows that based on techniques for $m \leq 2$ proven in \cite{M20}, we can prove the cutoff in total variation distance and separation distance for an unbiased OST shuffle on $G_{m,n}$ for any fixed $m \geq 1$ in time $n \log(n)$.
MSC Classification: 60J10 , 20B05 , 20B25
Intrathecal combined therapy for leptomeningeal metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma: Treatment outcomes, response and prognostic analysis
Authors: Huang Sijie , Kang Xun , Wang Ce , Zhang Weichunbai , Jiang Jing , Kang Zhuang , Yang Shoubo , Lin Yi , Chen Feng , Li Wenbin
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a seriously fatal complication of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Intrathecal therapy (IT) combined with systemic therapy is one of the therapeutic approaches for LM. The purpose of this study is to assess the characteristics, response to IT combined therapy and determinants of patients with leptomeningeal metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma (LM-LA).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 37 patients with LM-LA who were treated by IT combined therapy between April 2018 and August 2022 from the database of Beijing Tiantan Hospital.
Results: The median overall survival (mOS) of the 37 patients was 16.0 months. 21 patients who received IT combined TKIs, the mOS was 17.0 months which was longer than patients treated with IT combined chemotherapy (7.0 months), PD-1(6.0 months) and best support care (5.0 months). Combination of TKIs was independent favorable prognostic factors for patients with LM-LA.
Conclusion: Combination therapy is considered to be another choice for patients of LM-LA. Compared with other combination therapy in our study，IT combined TKIs therapy provided a better survival outcome for patients with LM-LA.
Validation of TBL-PBL Teaching Model in Energy Metabolism and Internal Environment System Curriculum
Authors: Zhu Yaxi , Liu Lingyun , Wang Hao , Lv Qinglan , Tan Sipin , Jiang Bimei , Xiao Zihui , Xiong Wei , Liu Ying , Zhang Huali
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND
Energy Metabolism and Internal Environment System (EMIES) is a crucial curriculum in the organ-system integrated medical courses for students in the MD-PhD program of Xiangya School of Medicine at Central South University in China. The combination of Team Based Learning (TBL) and Problem Based Learning (PBL) forms a new case-based teaching model so that students can cooperatively participate in case discussions using multi-disciplinary knowledge. The aim of this study is to utilize TBL-PBL teaching model in EMIES curriculum, and assess the feedback on teaching arrangement, effectiveness and the academic performance of students.
METHODS
This is a single institution, two-year study that includes two cohorts of students who participated in two training paradigms, traditional teaching model and TBL-PBL teaching modal. The MD-PhD students enrolled in 2016 (n = 100) were selected for traditional teaching model, students enrolled in 2017 (n = 100) were selected for TBL-PBL teaching model, in which the learning contents were remodeled and integrated with simulated cases, taught by an interprofessional team. After completing the curriculmn, all students were surveyed on their feedbacks about group teaching arrangement and teaching effectiveness. Academic performance were also assesses by post-session quizzes, periodical tests and the final exams.
RESULTS
The survey results revealed that in the TBL-PBL teaching group, the percentage of students who thought that the teaching objectives were challenging reached 94%. Meanwhile, for the traditional teaching group, the percentage of students who thought likewise were 84%. The percentage of students in the TBL-PBL group who thought that the innovative teaching mode rendered helpful in consolidating basic medical knowledge structure (89% vs. 78%), promoted student overall thinking skills (94% vs. 84%), communication skills (93% vs. 82%), teamwork skills (95% vs. 82%) and professional abilities (89% vs. 84%) outweighed the traditional teaching group to a significant degree. The academic performance in the TBL-PBL group was improved evidenced by higher class scores (85.52 vs. 80.34), excellence rate (51% vs. 49%) and qualification rate (100% vs. 92%).
CONCLUSION
The TBL-PBL teaching model improved academic performance, yielded higher student satisfaction and engagement. This innovative teaching model can be used as an alternative to traditional model for medical courses.
On The Frames In Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules
Authors: Ghiati M'hamed , Mouniane Mohammed , Rossafi Mohamed
Published: December 2022

Frame theory has been rapidly generalized and various generalizations have been developed. In this paper, we present a brief survey of the frames in Hilbert C*-modules, including frames, *-frames, g-frames, *-g-frames, *-K-g-frame, operator frame, and *-K-operator in Hilbert C*-modules. Various proofs are given for some results. We will also provide some new results. Moreover, non-trivial examples are presented.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Primary: 42C15; Secondary: 47A05.
Diversity of soil fungal communities under natural and managed peat ecosystems in tropical peatland of Sarawak
Authors: Azizah Kusai Nor , Ayob Zahidah , Khairuddin Nik Sasha Khatrina
Published: December 2022

Fungi are primary decomposers in terrestrial ecosystems which involved in degradation of organic matter, particularly in tropical peatland ecosystem that has high content of organic matter accumulation. Fungi in tropical peatland plays important ecological role in regulating ecosystem functions and services. Understanding soil fungal diversity, composition and structure underlying the tropical peatlands are the preliminary steps to predicting the stability of ecosystem functioning under natural and managed peat ecosystems. The aim of this study was to determine soil fungal diversity and communities in tropical peatland of Sarawak under natural (peat swamp forest, PSF and logged-over secondary forest, LOF) and managed (oil palm plantation, OPP) ecosystems. Fungi from peat samples were isolated and identified based on the 18S rDNA region sequencing. Fungal diversity was measured based on Shannon’s diversity index (H’), Simpson’s diversity index (D), species richness (S) and evenness (E). Bray–Curtis dissimilarity was performed to compare fungal communities between study sites. The fungal diversity measurement indicated that LOF had the highest diversity followed by PSF and OPP. In addition to that, the composition of the fungal communities in LOF resembled PSF, compared to OPP. Distinct fungal communities were observed between PSF and OPP due to the dominance of Aspergillus spp. and Trichoderma spp., respectively. In conclusion, LOF is an important ecosystem to retain relatively high fungal diversity. Different fungal communities were observed, which contained ecologically important fungal groups incorporated into the natural and managed peat ecosystems.
Health-related quality of life and experience measures, to assess patients’ experiences of peripheral intravenous catheters: a secondary data analysis
Authors: Larsen Emily , Marsh Nicole , Rickard Claire , Mihala Gabor , Walker Rachel , Byrnes Joshua
Published: December 2022

Background:
Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are essential for successful administration of intravenous treatments. However, insertion failure and PIVC complications are common and negatively impact patients’ health-outcomes and experiences. We aimed to assess whether generic (established) quality of life and experience measures were suitable for use among patients with PIVCs.
Methods:
A secondary analysis of data collected on three existing instruments within a large randomised controlled trial, conducted at two adult tertiary hospitals in Queensland, Australia. Instruments included the EuroQual Five Dimension - Five Level (EQ5D-5L), the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Treatment Satisfaction – General measure (FACIT-TS-G, eight items), and the Australian Hospital Patient Experience Question Set (AHPEQS, 12 items). Responses were compared against two clinical PIVC outcomes of interest: all-cause failure and multiple insertion attempts. Classic descriptives were reported for ceiling and floor effects. Regression analyses examined validity (discrimination). Standardised response mean, and effect size (ES) assessed responsiveness (EQ5D-5L, only).
Results:
In total, 685 participants completed the EQ5D-5L at insertion and 526 at removal. The FACIT-TS-G was completed by 264 and the AHPEQS by 262 participants. Two FACIT-TS-G items and one AHPEQS item demonstrated ceiling effect. Instruments overall demonstrated poor discrimination, however, all-cause PIVC failure was statistically significantly associated with several individual items in the instruments (e.g., AHPEQS, ‘unexpected physical and emotional harm’). EQ5D-5L demonstrated trivial (ES <.20) responsiveness.
Conclusions:
The health-related quality of life- and experience-measures studied proved unsuitable for use among patients with PIVCs. PIVC-specific instruments are urgently needed to inform quality improvement and benchmark standards of care.
Time Periodic Solution to the Two-phase Fluid Model With an External Force in a Periodic Domain
Authors: Guo Shanshan , Zhou Yingyan
Published: December 2022

We consider the time periodic solution to a two–phase fluid system consisting of the compressible isothermal Euler equations coupled with the compressible isentropic Navier– Stokes equations through a drag forcing term. This model was first derived by Choi [SIAM J. Math. Anal., 48(2016), pp. 3090–3122] by taking the hydrodynamic limit from the Vlasov– Fokker–Planck/isentropic Navier–Stokes equations with strong local alignment forces. In this article, we obtain the existence of time periodic solutions of the regularized problem under some smallness and structure assumptions imposed on the time periodic force. Meanwhile, by a limiting process, the existence of time periodic solutions for the two-phase fluid system can be obtained. Moreover, we also show the uniqueness of the time periodic solution. Our method is based on parabolic regularization, the topological degree theory and energy methods.
AMS subject classification. 35B10; 35Q30; 75N10.
Multiple sign changing solutions for a fourth-order elastic beam equation
Authors: Benhassine Abderrazek , Talbi Taib
Published: December 2022

Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations.
The aim of the present paper is to investigate the existence of multiple positive, multiple negative, and in particular, of multiple sign changing solutions depending on λ for the following fourth-order problem
uiv + Au''+ Bu = λƒ(t, u) in (0,1)
u(0) = u(1) = 0
u''(0) = u''(1) = 0,
where ƒ : [0,1] × R → R is a function, A and B are real constants and λ is a positive parameter. The nonlinearity ƒ is required to have an oscillatory behaviour.
AMS subject classification: 34B15, 58E05.
Carbon ion irradiation suppresses angiogenic response in human lung adenocarcinoma cells mediated by LINC00167/miR-663a/TGF-β1 axis
Authors: Huang Hao , Xu Ying , Guo Zi , Li Wanshi , Song Yidan , Nie Jing , Hu Wentao , Hei Tom K , Zhou Guangming
Published: December 2022

Background
Radiotherapy plays an important role in numerous tumor clinical treatments and over 65% of cancer patients need to accept radiotherapy all over the world. However, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis induced by conventional photon radiotherapy adversely impact the survival of patients, and limit the clinical radiotherapy efficiency. Heavy-ion radiotherapy has attracted wide attention in recent years because of its excellent physical property and outstanding tumor control rate, however, the underlying gene expression regulation mechanism response to heavy-ion irradiation remains elusive.
Methods
RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and public database analysis were employed to identify the differential molecular changes in lung adenocarcinoma cells exposed to both X-ray and carbon ion (C-ion) irradiation. The expression of the identified LINC00167 was verified by real-time quantitative PCR in different lung cancer cell lines and pulmonary bronchial epithelial cell lines. The content of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) of 8 lung cancer patients who received X-ray or carbon ion radiotherapy were detected by ELISA experiment. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments were performed to explore the biological roles of LINC00167 and miR-663a in lung cancer cell angiogenesis and metastasis. Comprehensive biochemical and biological techniques were utilized to explore the functions of LINC00167 in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis induced by different radiation types.
Results
In this study, we confirmed that LINC00167 was highly expressed and induced by X-ray irradiation in lung cancer cells. Moreover, increased LINC00167 expression was positively correlated with tumor angiogenesis and metastasis caused by conventional photon radiotherapy. LINC00167 worked as a sponge of miR-663a to positively regulate the expression of TGF-β1 and the downstream VEGF signaling and then promoted the tumor angiogenesis and metastasis of lung cancer cells. LINC00167 could strengthen the pro-angiogenesis and metastasis ability of lung cancer cells. Photon radiation-induced LINC00167 promoted angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusion
Our data suggest that LINC00167/miR-663a/TGF-β1 axis is involved in the differential angiogenic response of lung adenocarcinoma cells exposed to X-ray or C-ion irradiation, providing the molecular mechanisms underlying the suppressed angiogenic response induced by carbon ion radiotherapy.
Channel Estimation using Very Deep Super Resolution Network for Fast Fading Communication Systems
Authors: Manivannan Girievasan , P Jeyakumar , NM Tharanitharan , E Malar , P Muthuchidambaranathan
Published: December 2022

Many wireless systems currently use OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), a frequency selective fading technique that achieves high data rates and spectrum efficiency.However, for high mobility communication and the use of higher carrier frequencies, temporal selectivity of fading is essential. In OFDM systems, accurate channel estimate is required for time and frequency selective fading.This research offers a novel method for addressing the problems associated with fast-fading channel estimation. The proposed very deep convolutional neural network uses interpolation, an image processing method, to offer a low resolution estimate of the input channel. The provided channel information is shown as a two-dimensional image. The main objective of the proposed research is to estimate unknown channel response values using pilot symbols. The suggested network conducts channel estimation using a Super Resolution network while treating the pilot data as a low-resolution image. The simulation results demonstrate that when compared to ChannelNet, the proposed very deep convolution neural network minimises MSE (Mean Squared Error) and has fewer parameters while producing equal results. The proposed model demonstrated a 14 to 40 perscent reduction in MSE when the SNR was 22dB. Similarly, a 5-7 percent decrease was seen when compared to current ChannelNet when SNR was 12 dB.
VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF CFD SIMULATIONS WITH FULL-SCALE SHIP SPEED/POWER TRIAL DATA
Authors:   Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Ocean Operations and Civil Engineering, Larsgaardsvegen 2, Aalesund, Norway, Mikulec Marko , Piehl Henry
Published: December 2022

Verification and validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of a full-scale ship trial are presented in this study. Speed/power trials were carried out according to industry standards for three different power settings. Measured data was corrected for environmental effects to obtain ideal trial runs. Ship-scale unsteady RANS CFD simulations were conducted. Grid refinement sensitivity was evaluated for each power setting. Furthermore, time-step sensitivity was assessed for the selected grids. Finally, assumptions regarding symmetry condition and turbulence model were verified. Simulated results were in good agreement with the test data, thus illustrating the capabilities of numerical methods to determine ship performance at full scale.
Medical Students’ Preferences of Curricular Elements: Lessons Imparted by a Prototype Radiological Anatomy Study
Authors:   Medical Education Division/Anatomy Discipline, Management and Science University, Selangor, Malaysia, Mohamed Ansari Reshma ,   Medical Education and Research Development Unit, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Idris Sara ,   Anatomy Discipline, University of Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Abdul Latiff Atikah ,   Anatomy Discipline, University of Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Hong Wei-Han ,   Medical Education and Research Development Unit, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

Students have a myriad of preferences of the various curricular elements especially teaching-learning methods, teaching aids and content. Taking radiological anatomy as a prototype, the responses from medical students in the clinical years regarding the rationale for preferences for the curricular elements were studied in a private university in Malaysia. The students’ responses to the research question were analysed qualitatively through thematic analysis. Analysis was conducted until no new themes emerged and data saturation was complete. The final themes were subjected to investigator triangulation. While searching answers for our research question of why students prefer certain curricular elements, the sub-themes that emerged were deep approach to learning, enabling transferability of knowledge to workplace, managing cognitive load and suiting learning styles. These sub-themes were categorised into two large themes namely student interaction with learning environment and relevancy of content to context. This prototype study sheds light on students preferred curricular elements. Curricular elements which employ effective student interaction with the learning environment and ensure relevancy to the context are highly sought. It could be concluded that active learning entailing studentcentred methods and clinically relevant content is most preferred by students. This prototype study provides potential findings that benefit other disciplines as well.
Endophthalmitis in children with open eye injury: epidemiology, risk factors, treatment
Authors: Gromakina E. V. , Mozes V. G. , Saidzhamolov K. M. , Tunina N. V. , Tsenter I. M.
Published: December 2022

The article provides an overview of endophthalmitis cases in children with open eye injury — prevalence, causes and treatment results in Great Britain, USA, China, India, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, and other countries with different healthcare facilities, lifestyle and traditions.
Silicone oil tamponade in surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors: Yablokov M. M. , Fabrikantov O. L. , Yablokova N. V.
Published: December 2022

The article presents a literature review regarding the use of silicone oil tamponade (ST) in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) treatment. Vitrectomy, which produces a stable anatomical result in most patients, is currently recognized as one of the main methods of treating RRD. In complicated retinal detachments, vitrectomy is followed by ST tamponade of the vitreous cavity (VC). Despite the many benefits of ST, it carries the risk of a number of complications arising at different times after surgery. The duration of ST presence in the vitreous cavity during RRD treatment may vary substantially. The review presents ST complications, including an unexpected and hard to explain vision deterioration after silicone oil removal, and the correlation between the complications and the duration of ST presence in the vitreous cavity.
Risk factors as glaucoma predictors in myopic students
Authors: Kovalevskaya M. A. , Antonyan V. B. , Muntianova E. V. , Zueva M. V.
Published: December 2022

Purpose: identification of early risk factors — predictors of POAG development in students with myopic refraction based on questionnaire and functional test data and the effects of fractal photostimulation (FS). Material and methods. The study involved two clinical groups: the main group of 24 students (48 eyes) with mild to moderate myopia, averagely aged 21.3 ± 0.7 years, and the comparison group (according to FS effects) of 29 patients (58 eyes) with an established diagnosis of stage I–III POAG, averagely aged 58 ± 18 years, and a control group consisting of 66 people (132 eyes, mean age 21.2 ± 1.3 years). The case history of patients and typical complaints were found in questionnaire data. For the two clinical groups, the impact of 10 low-intensity FS sessions was evaluated. Results. A set of features viewed as risk factors for POAG development was determined using the data of the questionaries filled in by the main and comparison groups. The changes in mean IOP values measured before and after an FS course were found to be greater in POAG patients than in myopic students. FS was shown to contribute to IOP stabilization in patients with pre-existing morphological and functional glaucoma changes and the occurrence of accompanying pathologies such as vasospasm, blood pressure fluctuations, and migraine-like pain. After a course of FS, overall photosensitivity increased significantly as compared with the baseline in students with mild and moderate myopia (p < 0.05). Also, a positive effect of an FS course on MD indices in patients with stages IIa and IIIa POAG was confirmed. Conclusion. The research results confirm the need to identify clinical and functional predictors of POAG with a progressive glaucomatous process in students with myopic refraction.
Applying Lucentis for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Lesovoy S. V. , Boginskaya O. A.
Published: December 2022

Purpose: to evaluate the efficacy of Lucentis for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Material and methods. 51 infants (102 eyes) with the gestational age between 24 and 33 weeks were given intravitreal injections of Lucentis, All patients selected had ROP stages I+, II+, III or III+ in zone 1, stage III+ in zone 2, or aggressive posterior ROP. The procedure was performed under general anesthesia; the dose, technique and the number of Lucentis injections conformed with the recommendations given in Lucentis instruction for use. If indicated, retinal laser photocoagulation was given after intravitreal injections using Supra (Quantel Medical, France) and Lachta-Mylon (Russia, Lasermedservis) laser equipment. Results. Clinical efficacy of intravitreal administration of Ranibizumab in infants with aggressive posterior ROP, zone 1 ROP, Stage III of zone 2 ROP was determined at 86.3 % (with no more than two injections). If ROP remains active after two injections, a change of therapy is recommended. Vascularization was noted to be complete in 51 % of cases. Conclusion. To achieve a maximum treatment effect of ROP with Lucentis, strict observation of indications criteria must take place.