bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Das Problem der zweiten Meinung: Vom Umgang mit Vertrauen und Misstrauen in onkologischen Therapieplanungsgesprächen
Authors: Imo Wolfgang
Published: September 2017

The interactional negotiation of trust and distrust is something that can often be observed within doctor-patient-communication. Patients typically fear that the diagnosis might not be correct or that the proposed therapy might not be the best possible for them, while doctors can doubt the frankness and sincerity of their patients. The aim of this analysis is to focus on an interactional aspect which is important for both doctors and patients: The negotiation of trust and distrust regarding the proposed therapy in cancer pre-treatment discussions. For the patients, this negotiation is important because they wish the best possible treatment for themselves and therefore have to ensure that the proposed therapy is indeed the best one and that there are no better alternative options. For the doctors, reducing distrust and establishing trust is important, because trust in the proposed therapy leads to patients’ compliance, i.e. their active co-operation with the therapeutic measures, which may be decisive for the success or failure of the treatment. On the basis of a corpus of oncological therapy planning talks, a qualitative empirical analysis of the interactional processes of dealing with distrust in the context of the sensitive question of getting a ‘second opinion’ concerning the proposed therapy will be presented. The question of the ‘second opinion’ is a sensitive one because it can be interpreted as signaling a patient’s distrust in the competence of the doctor, thus leading to a face-threat. In order to answer the question of how distrust is negotiated interactionally, the paper proceeds as follows: First, the research project will be presented in whose context the data were collected. Then, a short overview of typical problems within doctor-patient-communication in general and of the negotiation of trust and distrust in particular will be given. Next, strategies will be discussed with which – on the one hand – patients introduce the topic of the ‘second opinion’ within a therapy planning talk and with which the doctors react to this topic. Finally, doctors’ ‘pre-emptive’ strategies with which they try to remove patients’ distrust and establish trust in their diagnosis and proposed therapy will be analyzed.
Präsentationsformen der externen Wissenschaftskommunikation: Ein Vorschlag zur Typologisierung
Authors: Niemann Philipp , Schrögel Philipp , Hauser Christiane
Published: September 2017

This article proposes a typology for forms of presentations for external science communication. It incorporates theoretical concepts but remains applicable for science communication in practice. Empirical basis is a systematic screening and study of established forms as part of the research project “Science In Presentations”. The following differentiation criteria are used: the degree of multimodality, the degree of interactivity, the degree of event and entertainment orientation and the degree of performance. The typology is exemplified by four real case studies, for which respectively one criterion is especially pronounced: Science Vision (multimodality), Science Café (interactivity), Science Slam (event and entertainment orientation) and Christmas Lecture (performance).
The DFT Calculations of Structures and EPR Parameters for the Dinuclear Paddle-Wheel Copper(II) Complex {Cu2(μ2-O2CCH3)4}(OCNH2CH3) as Powder or Single Crystal
Authors: Ding Chang-Chun , Wu Shao-Yi , Xu Yong-Qiang , Zhang Li-Juan , Zhang Zhi-Hong , Zhu Qin-Sheng , Wu Ming-He , Teng Bao-Hua
Published: September 2017

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the structures and the Cu2+
g factors (g

x
, g

y

and g

z
) and hyperfine coupling tensor A (A

x
, A

y
and A

z
) were performed for the paddle-wheel (PW)-type binuclear copper(II) complex {Cu2(μ2-O2CCH3)4}(OCNH2CH3) powder and single crystal. Calculations were carried out with the ORCA software using the functionals BHandHlyp, B3P86 and B3LYP with five different basis sets: 6-311g, 6-311g(d,p), VTZ, def-2 and def2-TZVP. Results were tested by the MPAD analysis to find the most suitable functional and basis sets. The electronic structure and covalency between copper and oxygen were investigated by the electron localisation function and the localised orbital locator as well as the Mayer bond order for the [CuO5] group. The optical spectra were theoretically calculated by the time-dependent DFT module and plotted by the Multiwfn program for the [CuO5] group and reasonably associated with the local structure in the vicinity of the central ion copper. In addition, the interactions between the OCNH2CH3, NH3 and H2O molecules and the uncoordinated PW copper(II) complex were studied, and the corresponding adsorption energies, the frequency shifts with respect to the free molecules and the changes of the Cu–Cu distances were calculated and compared with the relevant systems.
Unexpected distinction in reactivity of pentafluorobenzenesulfonyl halides toward organolithiums and organomagnesium halides
Authors: Bardin Vadim V. , Maksimov Alexander M.
Published: September 2017

C6F5SO2Cl reacts with organolithiums and organomagnesium halides RM (R=Me, Bu, Ph; M=Li, MgX) to give mainly C6F5H and C6F5Cl. C6F5SO2Br and PhMgBr form C6F5H and (C6F5S)2. This is in contrast to known transformations of them which yield exclusively C6F5SO2Nu under the action of O- and N-nucleophiles. Alternatively, C6F5SO2F is converted to C6F5SO2R and 4-BuC6F4SO2F or 2-PhC6F4SO2Ph under the same conditions. When R=Me, minor amounts of (C6F5SO2)2CH2 and 4-C6F5SO2CH2C6F4SO2F form in addition to C6F5SO2CH3.
Prenatal and Early Postnatal Odorant Exposure Heightens Odor-Evoked Mitral Cell Responses in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb
Authors: Liu Annie , Urban Nathaniel N.
Published: September 2017

Early sensory experience shapes the anatomy and function of sensory circuits. In the mouse olfactory bulb (OB), prenatal and early postnatal odorant exposure through odorized food (food/odorant pairing) not only increases the volume of activated glomeruli but also increases the number of mitral and tufted cells (M/TCs) connected to activated glomeruli. Given the importance of M/TCs in OB output and in mediating lateral inhibitory networks, increasing the number of M/TCs connected to a single glomerulus may significantly change odorant representation by increasing the total output of that glomerulus and/or by increasing the strength of lateral inhibition mediated by cells connected to the affected glomerulus. Here, we seek to understand the functional impact of this long-term odorant exposure paradigm on the population activity of mitral cells (MCs). We use viral expression of GCaMP6s to examine odor-evoked responses of MCs following prenatal and early postnatal odorant exposure to two dissimilar odorants, methyl salicylate (MS) and hexanal, which are both strong activators of glomeruli on the dorsal OB surface. Previous work suggests that odor familiarity may decrease odor-evoked MC response in rodents. However, we find that early food-based odorant exposure significantly changes MC responses in an unexpected way, resulting in broad increases in the amplitude, number, and reliability of excitatory MC responses across the dorsal OB.
Neuronal Intrinsic Physiology Changes During Development of a Learned Behavior
Authors: Ross Matthew T. , Flores Diana , Bertram Richard , Johnson Frank , Hyson Richard L.
Published: September 2017

Juvenile male zebra finches learn their songs over distinct auditory and sensorimotor stages, the former requiring exposure to an adult tutor song pattern. The cortical premotor nucleus HVC (acronym is name) plays a necessary role in both learning stages, as well as the production of adult song. Consistent with neural network models where synaptic plasticity mediates developmental forms of learning, exposure to tutor song drives changes in the turnover, density, and morphology of HVC synapses during vocal development. A network’s output, however, is also influenced by the intrinsic properties (e.g., ion channels) of the component neurons, which could change over development. Here, we use patch clamp recordings to show cell-type-specific changes in the intrinsic physiology of HVC projection neurons as a function of vocal development. Developmental changes in HVC neurons that project to the basal ganglia include an increased voltage sag response to hyperpolarizing currents and an increased rebound depolarization following hyperpolarization. Developmental changes in HVC neurons that project to vocal-motor cortex include a decreased resting membrane potential and an increased spike amplitude. HVC interneurons, however, show a relatively stable range of intrinsic features across vocal development. We used mathematical models to deduce possible changes in ionic currents that underlie the physiological changes and to show that the magnitude of the observed changes could alter HVC circuit function. The results demonstrate developmental plasticity in the intrinsic physiology of HVC projection neurons and suggest that intrinsic plasticity may have a role in the process of song learning.
Spatial Structure of Synchronized Inhibition in the Olfactory Bulb
Authors: Arnson Hannah A. , Strowbridge Ben W.
Published: September 2017

Olfactory sensory input is detected by receptor neurons in the nose, which then send information to the olfactory bulb (OB), the first brain region for processing olfactory information. Within the OB, many local circuit interneurons, including axonless granule cells, function to facilitate fine odor discrimination. How interneurons interact with principal cells to affect bulbar processing is not known, but the mechanism is likely to be different from that in sensory cortical regions because the OB lacks an obvious topographical organization. Neighboring glomerular columns, representing inputs from different receptor neuron subtypes, typically have different odor tuning. Determining the spatial scale over which interneurons such as granule cells can affect principal cells is a critical step toward understanding how the OB operates. We addressed this question by assaying inhibitory synchrony using intracellular recordings from pairs of principal cells with different intersomatic spacing. We found, in acute rat OB slices from both sexes, that inhibitory synchrony is evident in the spontaneous synaptic input in mitral cells (MCs) separated up to 220 μm (300 μm with elevated K+). At all intersomatic spacing assayed, inhibitory synchrony was dependent on Na+channels, suggesting that action potentials in granule cells function to coordinate GABA release at relatively distant dendrodendritic synapses formed throughout the dendritic arbor. Our results suggest that individual granule cells are able to influence relatively large groups of MCs and tufted cells belonging to clusters of at least 15 glomerular modules, providing a potential mechanism to integrate signals reflecting a wide variety of odorants.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTInhibitory circuits in the olfactory bulb (OB) play a major role in odor processing, especially during fine odor discrimination. However, how inhibitory networks enhance olfactory function, and over what spatial scale they operate, is not known. Interneurons are potentially able to function on both a highly localized, synapse-specific level and on a larger, spatial scale that encompasses many different glomerular channels. Although recent indirect evidence has suggested a relatively localized functional role for most inhibition in the OB, in the present study, we used paired intracellular recordings to demonstrate directly that inhibitory local circuits operate over large spatial scales by using fast action potentials to link GABA release at many different synaptic contacts formed with principal cells.
Profiling of miRNAs in porcine germ cells during spermatogenesis
Authors: Chen Xiaoxu , Che Dongxue , Zhang Pengfei , Li Xueliang , Yuan Qingqing , Liu Tiantian , Guo Jiayin , Feng Tongying , Wu Ligang , Liao Minzhi , He Zuping , Zeng Wenxian
Published: September 2017

Spermatogenesis includes mitosis of spermatogonia, meiosis of pachytene spermatocytes and spermiogenesis of round spermatids. MiRNAs as a ~22 nt small noncoding RNA are involved in regulating spermatogenesis at post-transcriptional level. However, the dynamic miRNAs expression in the developmental porcine male germ cells remains largely undefined. In this study, we purified porcine spermatogonia, pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids using a STA-PUT apparatus. A small RNA deep sequencing and analysis were conducted to establish a miRNAs profiling in these male germ cells. We found that 19 miRNAs were differentially expressed between spermatogonia and pachytene spermatocytes, and 74 miRNAs differentially expressed between pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids. Furthermore, 91 miRNAs were upregulated, while 108 miRNAs were downregulated in spermatozoa. We demonstrated that ssc-miR-10a-5p, ssc-miR-125b, ssc-let-7f and ssc-miR-186 were highly expressed in spermatogonia, pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids and spermatozoa respectively. The findings could provide novel insights into roles of miRNAs in regulation of porcine spermatogenesis.
Optimum Age of Starter for Microbial Transglutaminase (MTGase) Production Produced by Streptomyces thioluteus TTA 02 SDS 14 and Characterization of Crude Enzyme
Authors: Zilda Dewi Seswita , Fawzya Yusro Nuri , Nur'amaliyah Lia Siti , Prestisia Hana Nurullita , Mubarik Nisa Rachmania , Lisdiyanti Puspita
Published: September 2017

The condition of starter plays important role in enzyme production. Optimum starter will lead to the optimum yield of enzyme production. The experiments which were aimed to obtain the optimum  age for starter of Streptomyces thioluteus TTA 02 SDS 14  from solid as well as liquid medium had been carried out which would be used for transglutaminase production. Medium used for culture maintenance, starter optimization and enzyme production was described by Bahrim. The result showed that S. thioluteus TTA 02 SDS 14 was ready to be used as starter after being cultured  on solid medium continued in liquid medium each  for 6 days. The enzyme production in a bioreactor using optimized starter produced enzyme with the highest activity after being fermented for 2 days with 150 rpm agitation. The crude enzyme active optimally at 45-50 oC, pH of 6 and  no effect of metal ion and inhibitor on enzyme activity.
Special Issue Introduction
Authors: Tiedje Kristina , Johnston Lucas
Published: September 2017

Kristina Tiedje and Lucas Johnston introduce this special issue of Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture on Ecocosmologies and 'Western' Epistemologies: Contestation, Conflict and Collaboration.
Pressure distributions of stepped spillways with different horizontal face angles
Authors: Bai Zhaoliang , Wang Yurong , Zhang Jianmin
Published: September 2017

Stepped spillways are commonly used in hydropower engineering, landscape irrigation and aeration tanks due to their high energy dissipation and superior aeration. This study used the k–ε turbulence model to study the pressure distributions of three types of stepped spillways with different horizontal face angles in fully developed skimming-flow regions. The horizontal surfaces of V-shaped steps exhibited a pressure peak that decreased from both sidewalls to the axial plane, while those of inverted V-shaped steps exhibited the opposite pattern. There was barely any variation from those of traditional stepped spillways. Negative pressures on the vertical surfaces of V-shaped, inverted V-shaped and traditional stepped spillways occurred near the sidewalls, near the axial plane and along the entire cross-section, respectively. For all the stepped spillways studied, the minimum pressure decreased with increasing Froude number and increasing absolute values of the horizontal face angles.
Social seducement: towards the foundations for a pedagogical model
Authors: Padilla Zea Natalia , Aceto Stefania , Burgos Daniel
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Social Seducement is a project intended to ease the re-entry of long-term unemployed people into society by involving them in the development of a social economy enterprise. This goal will be reached by giving them the opportunity to develop necessary skills via a serious game, in which they will learn the primary concepts, skills and attitudes for developing an enterprise successfully. This article was written in the year 2016 in the Universidad Internacional de la Rioja. Methodology: This paper focuses on the process necessary to develop a pedagogical model for this game and on explaining the foundations to be observed, i.e., the instructional model, the way the approach is related to the European Qualifications Framework and the specific competencies that a social entrepreneur must develop. Results: As a result of this study, we obtained a didactical basis on which to support the process of game-based learning. Conclusions: Our immediate focus is the development of each phase of the addie (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model, developing external and internal material, placing content within the proper levels and testing the game in order to perform the piloting.
Supported Employment for people with mental disabilities in South Africa: cost calculation of service utilisation
Authors: Engelbrecht Madri , van Niekerk Lana , Coetzee Zelda , Hajwani Zenina
Published: September 2017

INTRODUCTION: Supported Employment (SE) is a strategy that facilitates positive employment outcomes for people with mental disabilities in open labour market settings. SE's cost-effectiveness has been established internationally, but not in South Africa. This paper reports on the cost and affordability of SE services offered to people with mental disabilities in South Africa. METHOD: A longitudinal descriptive study was used to determine the cost of SE service components utilised by people with mental disabilities, from two programmes in the Western Cape. The utilisation of service elements was captured in 15-minute time units. Data collection continued for 12 months, commencing when a job had been identified and preparation for placement had ensued. Time utilisation data were used to calculate cost, using a government sessional salary (R189/hour) and a medical aid reimbursement rate (R367/hour) of occupational therapists acting as job coaches. FINDINGS: The findings show SE services to be less than 10% of the cost of a monthly disability grant, and 10% - 21% lower than the current subsidy per consumer in a protective workshop. CONCLUSION: Evidence from the study thus reflects the cost of SE services to people with mental disability as substantially lower than the current government investment in disability grants and protective workshops subsidies. Key words: psychiatric disability; intellectual disability; vocational rehabilitation; reasonable accommodation; return to work
Visual perception of five-year-old English-speaking children in Bloemfontein using the Beery VMI-6, DTVP-3 and TVPS-3
Authors: Visser Marieta , Nel Riette , Terblanché Susanna , Jansen Tasmia , Kinmont Lauren , van Wyk Jorika
Published: September 2017

http://ref.scielo.org/tsjk7p
Professionalism - A case for medical education to honour the societal contract
Authors: Nortjé Nico , De Jongh Jocelene
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUND: This study explores the concept ofprofessionalism from the vantage point of a cohort of students as well as professionally qualified and practising occupational therapists. With the changes health care delivery is experiencing nationally as well as internationally, there is an urgent need to identify students and qualified professionals' expectations of what influences the development thereof, as well as elicit perceptions of attributes which contribute to professionalism. METHODS: The study is primarily a descriptive study with a specific focus on a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative research designs, using interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology. Data were gathered from 56 final-year and 55 professionally registered occupational therapists, who participated in a pen-and-paper questionnaire consisting of three sections. RESULTS: The results of this study indicated a clear differentiation between the influence of both the formal and hidden curricula and that clinical competence, client-centred practice and professional standards contributed mostly to professional behaviour. CONCLUSION: This study brings to light the experiences of students and professional practitioners to what they expect would influence the professional conduct. The findings are open to theoretical generalizability and raise issues that may be used by academic staff in the preparation of students to become more professional, as well of future Continuous Professional Development training. Key Words: Professionalism; Clinical competence; Client-Centred practice; Professional standards
Joining the Dots: Theoretically Connecting the Vona du Toit Model of Creative Ability (VdTMoCA) with Supported Employment
Authors: de Bruyn Marna , Wright Jon
Published: September 2017

The Vona du Toit Model of Creative Ability (VdTMoCA) presents a framework for understanding client motivation and action in occupational therapy, emphasising the relationship between motivation and action. Similarly, motivation to work is regarded as the primary and in some instances, the only eligibility criterion for inclusion in supported employment services. This commentary explores the potential theoretical link between the VdTMoCA and supported employment, primarily applied to the South African context. It is aimed at occupational therapists already familiar with the VdTMoCA. The following aspects of the VdTMoCA are theoretically applied to the context of supported employment: (1) motivation and action, (2) purposeful activity and (3) the use of graded challenges. It is tentatively concluded that the VdTMoCA may be compatible for use in supported employment at lower levels of creative ability. This would require that it is used as a means enabling participation in competitive employment, as opposed to raising the threshold for those considered appropriate candidates for employment. Key words: Vona du Toit Model of Creative Ability, supported employment, motivation, action, purposeful activity
An Empirical Study of Financial Integration between Stock Market of India and Australia
Authors: Singh Amit Kumar , Shrivastav Rohit Kumar
Published: September 2017

Growth of a country is dependent upon growth of industries which, in turn, depends upon capital market conditions because this market is going to give an element which is most important for the success and failure of every industry i.e., funds. The Australian Securities Exchange market is the largest exchange in the world with market capitalisation of more than A$ 1.5 trillion. It is the finest and most advanced and automated exchange of the world. India is also having sophisticated stock exchange which is National Stock Exchange. The present paper made an attempt to investigate financial integration between NSE and ASX stock market taking daily closing index of ASX and NSE. The descriptive statistics showed NSE market provides slightly higher returns than ASX market. The results of Granger causality show that ASX does not Ganger cause return at NSE and NSE also does not Granger cause return at ASX. The Johansen Co-integration test also speaks about no co-integration between them. Therefore, during the study we did not find a strong financial integration between both the nations’ stock market.
Chinese and Indian Middle Level Employees: A Study on Cross Cultural Competencies
Authors: Jenifer R. Delecta , Raman G. P.
Published: September 2017

Cultural competence is the capability of an individual to work efficiently with people from different cultural backgrounds. Culturally competent employees become globally proficient. We aim to assess the cultural competence among middle management employees from footwear companies in China and India. This study design is a cross sectional survey method using cross cultural competence inventory. We collected data from 30 middle management employees each from China and India. This study examined the relationship between demographic factors and cross-cultural competence within those countries and then conducted a comparison between China and India. The results reveal that higher education level and increased work experience leads to higher level of cross cultural competence.
A Discussion on India’s Manufacturing Sector: Weaknesses and the Way Forward
Authors: Kakar Deepti
Published: September 2017

Despite the significant role of the tertiary sector to national growth and employment generation, there is no denying to the importance of the manufacturing sector which has the potential to bring stable and sustainable growth for Indian economy in the long run. However, the industry has not grown at the desired speed and has not generated enough employment opportunities. In light of the critical nature of the manufacturing sector as a contributor to economic growth and development, governmental interventions such as policy level changes and provisioning of incentives and relaxations on starting, sustaining and expanding operations in this sector, have been made. However, the gains have not been commensurate to the push being provided. Thus, it becomes important to explore and understand that the right impetus on the right points. This paper attempts to meet three objectives - to examine the current state of Indian manufacturing sector, to identify the major reasons for the ailing manufacturing sector and to suggest measures in the form of policy prescriptions or reforms which can make a credible and positive difference to the state of manufacturing in India. The three objectives are sequentially discussed and achieved by use of secondary data sources that include existing accessible research studies, governmental and institutional databases and relevant books.
Seagrass metabolite extraction for GC-MS based metabolomics v1
Authors: Sogin Emilia , Liebeke Manuel
Published: September 2017

Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows support diverse biological communities through the production of organic carbon in an otherwise oligotrophic environment. By following a modified plant metabolite extraction protocol from Lisec et al. (2006) Nature Protocols, we can now characterize metabolites by gas chromotography-mass spectrometry based metabolomics. This protocol is modified from: Gas chromatography mass spectrometry–based metabolite profiling in plants Jan Lisec, Nicolas Schauer , Joachim Kopka , Lothar Willmitzer & Alisdair R Fernie Nature Protocols Vol 1 No 1 2006
PBMC Isolation v1
Authors: Goyal Girija , Long Jaclyn
Published: September 2017

Commonly used protocol to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells from whole human blood or apheresis packs
Seagrass metabolite extraction for GC-MS based metabolomics v1
Authors: Sogin Emilia
Published: September 2017

Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows support diverse biological communities through the production of organic carbon in an otherwise oligotrophic environment. By following a modified plant metabolite extraction protocol from Lisec et al. (2006) Nature Protocols, we can now characterize metabolites by gas chromotography-mass spectrometry based metabolomics. This protocol is modified from: Gas chromatography mass spectrometry–based metabolite profiling in plants Jan Lisec, Nicolas Schauer , Joachim Kopka , Lothar Willmitzer & Alisdair R Fernie Nature Protocols Vol 1 No 1 2006
Saying It Like It Is? Power, Participation and Research Involving Young People
Authors: Davidson Emma
Published: September 2017

Developments in the conceptualisation of childhood have prompted a fundamental shift in young people’s position within social research. Central to this has been the growing recognition of children’s agency within the landscapes of power between child participants and adult researchers. Participatory research has rooted itself in this paradigm, gaining status from its principles of social inclusion and reciprocity. While participatory research has benefitted from a growing theoretical analysis, insight can be deepened from reflexive accounts critiquing participation ‘in the field’. This article presents one such account, using the example of an ethnographic study with young people living in a ‘disadvantaged’ housing estate in the UK. It describes how efforts to ‘enable’ young people’s participation were simultaneously embraced, contested, subverted and refused. These, often playful, responses offered rich insight into how the young participants viewed themselves, their neighbourhood, and ‘outsiders’ efforts to give them voice. The article concludes by emphasising the importance of conceptualising participation not simply as a set of methods, but as a philosophical commitment which embraces honesty, inclusivity and, importantly, the humour that can come from this approach to research.
Educating Future Planners about Working with Children and Young People
Authors: Rudner Julie
Published: September 2017

Planning and urban design professionals should ensure they engage children/young people in their work so planning systems and strategic policy can be more inclusive of the needs and aspirations of children/young people. Yet practitioners do not necessarily view children/young people as legitimate stakeholders, and professionals do not necessarily have the skills to be inclusive. To shift current policy and practice, planners and designers need to be better educated so they can facilitate children’s/young people’s contributions as well as advocate effectively for systemic change. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and the UNICEF Child Friendly Cities provide legitimacy and direction for current and future professionals about why engagement with children/young people should be a fundamental part of professional practice. However, it’s important that students and practitioners learn how to engage with children/young people ethically. A key starting point is the way in which education is constituted as ethical practice when conducting research and engagement activities with children/young people. Lansdown’s (2011) requirements for ethical engagement are applied to reflexively evaluate the design and implementation of a university subject, delivered in Victoria, Australia, that trains future planners about how to work with children and young people.
Children’s Participation: Questioning Competence and Competencies?
Authors: Le Borgne Carine , Tisdall E. Kay M.
Published: September 2017

While Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child has encouraged children’s participation in collective decision-making, the literature is replete with the challenges as well as successes of such participation. One challenge is adults’ perceptions of children’s competence and competencies. These are frequently used as threshold criteria, so that children viewed as incompetent or lacking competencies are not allowed or supported to participate. Despite this casual elision between children’s participation and their (perceived) competence and competencies, the latter are rarely explicitly defined, theorised or evidenced. This article draws on research undertaken in Tamil Nadu (South India) and Scotland (UK), with two non-governmental organisations supporting children’s participation in their communities. The article examines how staff members can validate and enhance children’s competence and competencies, by scaffolding children to influence decision-making and recognising and adding to children’s knowledge. These empirical findings suggest the need for increased scrutiny of the concepts of competence and competencies, recognising their disempowering potential. The findings argue that competence is situationally and socially constructed rather than a set and individual characteristic.
Typology of themes of the legends about icons
Authors: Komova M.A.
Published: September 2017

Material research are regional literary-local-history works of XVIII - XIX centuries in the Central region of Russia (Dmitrovsvsky district) in which stories, tales and legends about locally venerated Christian wonderworking icons and their lists. The relevance of the research is determined by increased interest in the history of the Russian Orthodoxy and the phenomenon of spiritual literary tradition in general. The study based on literary material of regional studies of XIX century in the Central region of Russia (Dmitrovsvsky district) about locally venerated relics allow to create a model of their origin and functioning and it give an opportunity to broaden our views on the regional literary text and spiritual context, and also to deepen philological knowledge of literary process of XVIII – XIX centuries.
Mass open online courses and modern methods of teaching languages
Authors: Gotovtseva I.P. , Sinitsyn V.Y. , Kashparova V.S.
Published: September 2017

The article examines some foreign and Russian mass open online courses (MOOK) that can be used to teach foreign languages in the educational process of higher education institutions, as well as to study foreign languages for the purpose of self-improvement. The possibility of using mass open online courses in the framework of distance and mixed learning models is discussed.
The effectiveness of comparative analysis of literary texts and their translation in foreign language learning
Authors: Lutero T.
Published: September 2017

The article deals with the method of comparative analysis of literary texts and their translations in course of learning foreign languages. Some of the typical lexical-semantic and syntactical differences between Italian and Russian languages are demonstrated based on the material from contemporary Italian writer A. Baricco’s works “Ocean sea” and “Novecento” and their Russian translations. Main conclusions consider the effectiveness of the comparative method in achieving student’s knowledge of lexical and syntactical differences between foreign and native language.
Involving children with visual impairment in the learning process of an EFL inclusive class
Authors: Mikhailova A.E. , Shilova Y.S.
Published: September 2017

In this article, we consider the most relevant and accessible educational resources, as well as the methods and forms of establishing an integrated study space for effective English language teaching of sighted and blind children. We discuss several important aspects of an inclusive class teaching and present a model of group involving teaching approach based on audio-lingual and communicative teaching methods with some examples of classroom and home tasks to set for the work of children with visual impairments. In addition, the article has a list of a handy Internet resources that might be adopted for in and out of class learning practice of English skills by means of the universal access computer systems and various applications that will help children with eyesight problems.
Expressive Tempo Modifications in Adelina Patti's Recordings: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Zicari Massimo
Published: September 2017

This paper explores the extent of expressive tempo modifications as a function of textual content in four operatic arias recorded by Adelina Patti between 1905 and 1906. Their analysis made it possible to determine to what extent significant tempo modifications coincide with those moments in the music, in which special emphasis is demanded by the lyrics. A twofold approach was adopted: the paradigms of historical musicology provided the conceptual tools necessary to define the context, reconstruct the vocal practice, and understand the relationship between the lyrics and the compositional solutions underpinning them; the degree of tempo variability for each aria was determined by empirically measuring the crotchet beat lengths and by calculating the value of mean, mode, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. Results show that Patti's renditions of the four arias present tempo modifications which are instrumental to the expression of their dramatic content, as recommended by the singing methods and treatises which appeared in the course of the nineteenth century. Most crucially, they challenge the assumption that interpreters trained in the late romantic culture abused the composer's intentions and indulged in tasteless, exaggerated interpretive choices.
In Search of the Golden Age Hip-Hop Sound (1986–1996)
Authors: Duinker Ben , Martin Denis
Published: September 2017

The notion of a musical repertoire's "sound" is frequently evoked in journalism and scholarship, but what parameters comprise such a sound? This question is addressed through a statistically-driven corpus analysis of hip-hop music released during the genre's Golden Age era. The first part of the paper presents a methodology for developing, transcribing, and analyzing a corpus of 100 hip-hop tracks released during the Golden Age. Eight categories of aurally salient musical and production parameters are analyzed: tempo, orchestration and texture, harmony, form, vocal and lyric profiles, global and local production effects, vocal doubling and backing, and loudness and compression. The second part of the paper organizes the analysis data into three trend categories: trends of change (parameters that change over time), trends of prevalence (parameters that remain generally constant across the corpus), and trends of similarity (parameters that are similar from song to song). These trends form a generalized model of the Golden Age hip-hop sound which considers both global (the whole corpus) and local (unique songs within the corpus) contexts. By operationalizing "sound" as the sum of musical and production parameters, aspects of popular music that are resistant to traditional music-analytical methods can be considered.
Commentary on Kopiez, Wolf, and Platz: The impact of playing from memory on performance evaluation
Authors: Gingras Bruno
Published: September 2017

Kopiez et al. (this volume) empirically investigated the effect of playing from memory (more specifically, playing with a conspicuously visible music stand) on the evaluation of audiovisual recordings of solo instrumental performances. Their study, a replication of Williamon (1999), corroborates the finding that the presence of a music stand has a small but significant negative effect on performance evaluations. In this commentary, I present some possible explanations for this effect and discuss relevant implications for future research and for professional performers. I also provide some suggestions for improving the experimental design, such as using a better measure of musical sophistication, controlling for the potential visual distractor effect of the music stand, and developing a more comprehensive and statistically robust scale for evaluating performances.
Criando uma consciência ambiental através de práticas sustentáveis na ONG casa da acolhida, no Município de Campina Grande – PB
Authors: Medeiros Mellyne Palmeira , Guimarães Williams Idelfonso , Almeida Amanda Martins
Published: September 2017

Relata a experiência obtida através do projeto de extensão “Conscientização ambiental e práticas sustentáveis” desenvolvido na ONG “Casa da Acolhida São Paulo da Cruz” teve como objetivo criar uma consciência sustentável nos internos dessa instituição, fazendo-os se preocuparem mais com o meio ambiente. A metodologia utilizada foi aulas teóricas e práticas sobre coleta seletiva, compostagem, cultivo de hortas e reutilização de água da chuva. Foram desenvolvidas compostagem, ambientalmente adequada, observando normas operacionais específicas. A execução desse projeto promoveu a criação de identidade sustentável através de atividades teóricas e práticas envolvendo a separação adequada de resíduos sólidos para diminuir o acumulo e facilitar a reutilização, o processo de compostagem para a fabricação de adubo a construção de uma mini horta e utilização de água da chuva para fins de serviços. Observou-se, portanto, que o despertar de uma consciência sustentável possibilitou o bem estar social na instituição hospedeira do projeto. 
Clube de xadrez IFPB/Monteiro: um relato de experiência
Authors: Ribeiro Clécia Rodrigues Fernandes , Silva Patrick Camilo Faustino da , Leandro Lindberg Luiz da Silva
Published: September 2017

Este trabalho é um relato de experiência das atividades desenvolvidas no projeto de extensão intitulado Clube de xadrez IFPB Monteiro, o qual promoveu oficinas, estudos e minicompetições com o objetivo de estimular o conhecimento e a prática desse jogo no ambiente escolar e na comunidade. O projeto foi realizado no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB) – Campus Monteiro atendendo a comunidade escolar e a comunidade externa, com variação na quantidade de integrantes, tendo uma média de 6 (seis) pessoas por sessão. Os resultados se mostraram positivos, visto que, todos os envolvidos no processo conseguiram atingir os objetivos propostos inicialmente. Desta forma, evidenciou-se que o projeto estimulou o conhecimento e a prática do xadrez tanto para aqueles que estavam iniciando, como os que já tinham conhecimento, além disso, proporcionou a integração e a cooperação entre os participantes.
Produção vídeo na construção do conhecimento com Agricultores e Agricultoras familiares: a experiência do Assentamento Padre Cleides no Alto Sertão paraibano
Authors: Nogueira Francisco Roserlândio Botão , Silva Bismark Alves da , Lima Jéssica Monique dos Santos , Souza Franscisco Jocélio Cavalcante , Gomes Joandro Ferrreira , Ferreira Ricardo da Silva Da Silva
Published: September 2017

Apresenta um relato de experiências obitdas com o desenvolvimento do projeto Produção de vídeo-documentário realizado no Assentamento Padre Cleides no Municipio de Santa Helena, situada no Alto Sertão paraibano. O referido projeto teve como objetivo a Produção de vídeo-documentário de experiência sobre a produção e estocagem de forragem. Foram feitas sucessivas visitas ao assentamento, realizadas com o intuito de acompanhar algumas atividades produtivas, desenvolvidas pelas famílias. Em simultâneo realizou-se um diagnóstico rápido e participativo da dinâmica funcional e produtiva do assentamento culminando com a produção de vídeo-documentário de experiência sobre a produção e estocagem de forragem, que servirão como material didático/pedagógico para abordagem em evento de formação para construção do conhecimento. A produção de vídeos, tendo como protagonistas os próprios agricultores e agricultoras mudou a realidade local e desenvolveu a construção participativa de conhecimentos sobre práticas de conservação de forragem.
Different statistical procedures for selection of salt tolerant barley genotypes at germination stage
Authors: Askari Hossein , Kazemitabar Seiyed Kamal , Zarrini Hamid Najafi , Saberi Mohammd Hossein
Published: September 2017

Growing of salt tolerant crops is a good option to obtain economical yields from saline areas and screening salt tolerant plants, particularly in early growth stages as one of the most important determinants of high yield, is important. So a laboratory experiment was performed to assess several indices for identifying barley genotypes with better performance under saline conditions. The effect of salinity stress was studied through an analysis of the dry matter production, that yielding results showed significant differences among genotypes. The multiple statistical procedures which have been used in this study showed that mean productivity and geometric mean productivity indices could be a useful indicator of desirable genotypes in both stress and non-stress conditions at this stage especially in high level of salinity. The majority of used tolerance indices indicated that MBS8715 was the best barley genotype showing the highest stress resistance for the most salt concentration.
Effect of planting methods and irrigation levels on water productivity of onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Kahlon M. S.
Published: September 2017

To investigate the effect of planting methods and irrigation levels on irrigation water productivity and onion (Allium cepa L.) yield, a field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at the Research Farm of Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during rabi 2011-12. Three planting methods tested include drip irrigated beds, furrow irrigated beds and flat flood irrigation. In drip irrigated beds and furrow irrigated beds three onion rows were planted on 55 cm wide beds at a spacing of 15 cm from row to row. Three levels of irrigation water were tested i.e. IW/PAN-E ratio of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 in drip irrigated onions and 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 in both bed furrow and flat flood methods of irrigation. The results of the experiment indicated that in drip irrigated beds by applying same quantity and 50 per cent of water as of flat flood irrigation, the yield was increased by 43 and 25 per cent, respectively. Irrespective of irrigation levels, highest onion yield (32.5 t ha-1) was recorded under drip irrigated beds followed by furrow irrigated beds (28.5 t ha-1) and least under flat flood irrigation method (25.0 t ha-1). The onion yield increases with the increase in irrigation level in all the planting methods. The highest irrigation water productivity was observed under drip irrigated beds (1.26 t ha-1 cm) followed by furrow irrigated beds (0.84 t ha-1 cm) and least under flat flood irrigation (0.48 t ha-1 cm) with equivalent IW/PAN-E ratios. Bigger size onions (40 mm and 50 mm) were observed under drip irrigated beds followed by furrow irrigated beds and smallest size bulbs under flat flood method of irrigation. The results revealed that drip irrigation could successfully be used for onion production with significant water saving and higher production.
Effect of weather on grain yield of direct seeded upland rice varieties in Jharkhand, India
Authors: Kumari Pragyan , Kumar P. Vijay , Kumar Ramesh , Wadood A. , Tirkey Deepak Anuranjan
Published: September 2017

The study was conducted at Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi during the years 2009-2013 for understanding the effect of weather variables on the yield of three direct seeded upland rainfed rice varieties viz., Vandana, BVD-109 and BVD-111 in Jharkhand. Correlation and regression methods were used to estimate the impacts of weather on rice yield. Study indicated that temperature, rainfall and sunshine hours have significant effect on the rice yield. Average minimum temperature during sowing to vegetative stage in cv. Vandana and during flowering in BVD-109 and BVD-111 showed significant negative relationship with yield. Rainfall during vegetative and grain filling stage are significantly and positively related with grain yield in all the three rice varieties. The effect of sunshine hours on grain yield of rice was comparatively higher at milk stage than the other phenological stages in all three varieties. However, the effect of sunshine hours on yield is significant during the milk stage in Vandana and BVD-111 only. Multiple regressions using critical weather parameters in critical stages of the three varieties could explain the variability in yield of Vandana, BVD-109 and BVD-111 by 92, 74 and 91 percent, respectively.