bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of tough, antioxidant and antibacterial bioplastic for sustainable packaging through an in situ phenolization strategy
Authors: Yang Xue , Sun Jinsong , Yin Zheng , Lv Xiaoyang , Liu Yuan , Hou Zhiyi , Sui Dan , Xia Qinqin
Published: January 2025

An in situ phenolization strategy was used to develop a phenolic DES that directly converts wood-processing residues into bioplastic with improved toughness, oxygen barrier ability and biodegradability, and antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
Metabolic modification of Sphingobium lignivorans SYK-6 for lignin valorization through the discovery of an unusual transcriptional repressor of lignin-derived dimer catabolism
Authors: Kato Ryo , Kuatsjah Eugene , Fujita Masaya , Bleem Alissa C. , Hishiyama Shojiro , Katahira Rui , Senda Toshiya , Beckham Gregg T. , Kamimura Naofumi , Masai Eiji
Published: January 2025

An engineered bacterial strain rapidly producing a polymer building block from lignin-derived aromatic dimers was obtained by studying an unusual transcriptional repressor of lignin-derived aromatic dimer catabolism.
Facile fabrication of cellulose-derived hard carbon for high-rate performance sodium-ion batteries by regulating degrees of polymerization
Authors: Luo Fengyi , Yi Conghua , Yang Dongjie , Fan Dezhe , Liu Weifeng , Qiu Xueqing , Zhang Wenli
Published: January 2025

We employ a molecular engineering strategy to regulate the polymerization degree of cellulose, resulting in the formation of multi-layered short graphite microcrystals and abundant closed pores, thereby achieving an outstanding rate performance.
Composites of azo-linked pyrene-tetraone porous organic polymers as cathodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Farrag Heba H. , Grignon Eloi , Battaglia Alicia M. , Liu Jiang Tian , Seferos Dwight S.
Published: January 2025

Azo-linked porous polymers and their CNT composites were developed as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, with Azo-PTP50 showing high-capacity retention and promising electrochemical performance.
Synthesis and evaluation of 6-arylaminobenzamides as positron emission tomography imaging ligands for the sphingosine-1-phosphate-5 receptor
Authors: Morgan Timaeus E. F. , Grant Emma K. , Shaw Robert C. , Waddell Lachlan J. N. , Henry Martyn C. , McErlain Holly , Alcaide-Corral Carlos J. , Pimlott Sally L. , Tavares Adriana A. S. , Sutherland Andrew
Published: January 2025

A series of fluorinated 6-arylaminobenzamides have been shown to be selective and potent agonists of the sphingosine-1-phosphate-5 receptor. Radiofluorination and PET imaging with the lead compound showed fast uptake in rat brain and spinal cord.
Highly polarized single-crystal organic light-emitting devices with low turn-on voltage and high brightness
Authors: Pang Aijia , Yin Fan , De Jianbo , An Cunbin , Liao Bo , Gu Chunling , Liao Qing , Fu Hongbing
Published: January 2025

We develop linearly-polarized single-crystal OLEDs, which exhibit a degree of polarization of 0.95 for electroluminescence, a turn-on voltage of 2.5 V, an exceptionally high brightness of 200 000 cd m−2, and a current density surpassing 300 A cm−2.
Liquid-crystal-imprinted synthesis of chiral polypyrroles without a chiral centre using a two-step method of spark-discharge oligomerisation-electrochemical polymerisation
Authors: Miyashita Ryo , Tokutake Aoi , Nimori Shigeki , Goto Hiromasa
Published: January 2025

Pyrrole in a cholesteric liquid crystal was discharged using a Tesla coil to generate pyrrole radicals, affording linear-shaped nano-ordered pyrrole oligomers.
Preparation of sulfur-doped porous carbon from polyphenylene sulfide waste for photothermal conversion materials to achieve solar-driven water evaporation
Authors: Wei Xuejing , Zou Zixuan , Yao Jiayi , Sun Li , Xu Yinxing , Zhang Lufeng , Chen Shaohua , Liu Yuhao , Chen Jiayue
Published: January 2025

This study provides a new use for waste polyphenylene sulphide and the KCP-wood evaporator has good photothermal evaporation performance and cyclic durability.
Phase-dependent electronic structure modulation of nickel selenides by Fe doping for enhanced bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis
Authors: A. S. Vigneshraaj , Ramesh Siva Kumar , Kim Jinkwon , Pandey Kavita
Published: January 2025

Different phases of nickel selenides are synthesized from a single coordination polymer precursor by tuning the electronic structure for bifunctional electrocatalytic OER and ORR in alkaline media.
Ultrasensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of paraoxon-ethyl in fruit samples using 2D Ti3C2Tx/MWCNT-OH
Authors: Aris Asmi , Wahyuni Wulan Tri , Putra Budi Riza , Hermawan Angga , Nugroho Ferry Anggoro Ardy , Seh Zhi Wei , Khalil Munawar
Published: January 2025

A highly sensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor using a Ti3C2Tx/MWCNT-OH nanocomposite detects paraoxon-ethyl in fruit with high selectivity, a 0.1–100 μM range, and a 10 nM LOD, offering a sustainable alternative for pesticide monitoring.
Synthesis of 4-hydroxypiperidines containing a quaternary stereocenter by aza-Prins cyclization
Authors: Le Roch Myriam , Gouault Nicolas , Renault Jacques , Argouarch Gilles , Roisnel Thierry , Banik Swarnayu , Subba Reddy B. V. , Lalli Claudia
Published: January 2025

The diastereoselective synthesis of 4-hydroxypiperidines bearing a tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenter at C4 by aza-Prins cyclization is presented. These motifs are relevant because they are present in a considerable number of drugs.
Polyurethane diacrylate incorporated pressure-sensitive adhesives with enhanced strain recovery
Authors: Lee Geonwoo , Lee Jinhoon , Lee Geonho , Seo Chihyun , Baek Myung-Jin , Lee Dong Woog
Published: January 2025

Pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) fabricated with a polyurethane diacrylate (PUDA) crosslinker show outstanding strain recovery time compared to those with a conventional (HDDA) crosslinker.
A two-dimensional confined polyoxometalate-based chiral luminescence sensor for highly enantioselective sensing
Authors: Hu Guicong , Wu Zhaohui , Cai Ailin , Xing Xinzhu , Chang Wen , Qiao Qinglong , Qi Bo , Song Yu-Fei
Published: January 2025

A two-dimensional confined polyoxometalate-based chiral luminescence sensor was designed to achieve the enantioselective recognition and the laser scanning confocal microscope was firstly applied to reveal the mechanism in kinetic perspective.
Solid state molecular motion in Cd-based halides monitored by photoluminescence switching
Authors: Yang Jie-Ru , Peng Yingchen , Wu Huai-Yu , Xu Si-Yu , Lin Jiawei , Lu Xuexia , Wu Chuanhua , Xu Miao-Bin , Qi Xinghui , Yang Ye , Chen Jin , Huang Xiao-Ying , Du Ke-Zhao
Published: January 2025

The molecular motion of piperazine in the title Cd halides is monitored by self-trapped exciton-like photoluminescence switching, which involves a Cd s-nature electron and a p-orbital hole from an isolated Cl or I ion.
Visible-light-induced photoredox aerobic coupling of sulfonium ylides and amines leading to the E-selective formation of 2-amino-2-butene-1,4-diones
Authors: Xian Ning , Ji Xiaochen , Deng Guo-Jun , Huang Huawen
Published: January 2025

A novel visible-light-induced photoredox three-component aerobic coupling reaction of sulfoxonium ylides and amines is reported.
Polypyrrole functionalized MoS2 for sensitive and simultaneous determination of heavy metal ions in water
Authors: Manjunatha Kumara K. S. , Siddiqa Aisha , Shiva Kumar P. , Lavanya Golla , Budagumpi Srinivasa , Hegde Gurumurthy , Nagaraju D. H. , Usha Rani N.
Published: January 2025

Assessing heavy metal ion (HMI) contamination to sustain drinking water hygiene is a challenge.
High red luminescence intensity under sunlight exposure of a PMMA polymer doped with a tetrakis Eu3+ β-diketonate complex containing a benzimidazolium counterion
Authors: Assunção Israel P. , Costa Israel F. , Blois Lucca , Felinto Maria Claudia F. C. , Deflon Victor M. , Ando Rômulo A. , Malta Oscar L. , Brito Hermi F.
Published: January 2025

New tetrakis Eu3+ and Gd3+ β-diketonate complexes containing benzimidazolium (Bzim) as the counterion were synthesized by the one-pot method and successfully doped into a PMMA matrix at different concentrations.
Reactive molecular dynamics simulations investigating ROS-mediated HIV damage from outer gp120 protein to internal capsid protein
Authors: Pan Cunjia , Chen Qiaoyue , Liu Danfeng , Ding Mingming , Zhang Lili
Published: January 2025

Molecular dynamics (MD) with the ReaxFF force field is used to study the structural damage to HIV capsid protein and gp120 protein mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Electrochemically embedded heterostructured Ni/NiS anchored onto carbon paper as bifunctional electrocatalysts for urea oxidation and hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Aladeemy Saba A. , Arunachalam Prabhakarn , Amer Mabrook S. , Al-Mayouf Abdullah M.
Published: January 2025

The present work describes a facile way to introduce controllable heterostructured Ni/NiS on carbon paper (Ni/NiS@CP) via one-step electrodeposition, which improves both urea electrooxidation and hydrogen evolution.
g-C3N4 modified flower-like CuCo2O4 array on nickel foam without binder for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Ma Lina , He Xiaojie , He Shasha , Yu Shirui , Zhang Song , Fu Yongming
Published: January 2025

Flower-like g-C3N4/CuCo2O4 structures have been successfully established by decorating g-C3N4 on CuCo2O4 nanostructures, demonstrating excellent specific capacity and cyclic stability as a pseudocapacitance electrode.
Lanthanide-based metal–organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs): synthesis, properties and applications
Authors: Patra Kankan , Pal Haridas
Published: January 2025

Micro- and meso-porous lanthanide-based on metal–organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) have been gaining significant attention for the last three decades as they offer diverse applications in a large number of areas.
Organic-free synthesis of silicoaluminophosphate zeotype membranes with tunable framework charge density
Authors: Park Sung Hwan , Sengupta Bratin , Gerami Saman Emami , Friedman Kaleb , Lecaros Rumwald , Ibrahim Amr F. M. , Yu Miao
Published: January 2025

LTA-type silicoaluminophosphate membranes with tunable framework charge density (FCD) were synthesized under inorganic conditions. The highest FCD membrane showed excellent NH3 separation from N2 and H2, retaining long-term stability at 150 °C.
Facile encapsulation strategy for uniformly-dispersed catalytic nanoparticles/carbon nanofibers toward advanced Zn–air battery
Authors: Yoon Seong-Woon , Boo Dae-Kwon , Na Hyunmin , Kim Tae-Yeon , Chang Hyun-Soo , Park Ji Sung , Cho Su-Ho , Jung Ji-Won , Jin Hyeong Min
Published: January 2025

A facile synthesis strategy for carbon nanofibers with uniformly dispersed metal nanoparticles encapsulated in a thin carbon layer significantly enhances ORR/OER dual-functionality and cycle stability in zinc–air batteries.
Vacancy engineering enhanced photothermal-catalytic properties of Co9S8−x nanozymes for mild NIR-II hyperthermia-amplified nanocatalytic cancer therapy
Authors: Hao Yongyu , Wang Nan , Wang Jiaxu , Shao Shuilin , Gao Bo , Tao Youping , Huo Litao , Yan Lang , Wu Jigong , Chen Zhiming
Published: January 2025

An uncomplicated template method was employed to produce sulfur vacancies (VS)-doped hollow Co9S8 nanocages (Co9S8−x) to endow a single-component nanomaterial with simultaneous catalytic activity and NIR-II photothermal property.
Topologically structured sensors with high linearity and dual-sensing signal decoupling
Authors: Liu Huanyu , Luo Chengkai , Wu Yunhui , Zhang Xinxing
Published: January 2025

Topologically structured sensors with high linearity and dual-sensing signal decoupling are reported.
An electrochromic device based on dynamic coordination and the dissociation of Fe2+/Fe3+ and a leuco dye with an improved cycle life
Authors: Shen Ruipeng , Li Min , Wang Shuo , Zhang Yu-Mo , Zhang Sean Xiao-An
Published: January 2025

Electrochromic device based Fen+ and a leuco dye has been fabricated, which shows satisfying cycle life and optical modulate ability. This strategy to improve cycle life may accelerate the application of electrochromic devices.
9,9-Dialkylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole-based bolaamphiphiles with the formation of complex self-assembled liquid-crystalline phases of a cubic A15 network and Colsqu/p4gm at the triangle–square transition
Authors: Chen Shibo , Wu Haixia , Guo Zilong , Han Qingqing , Liu Jiaming , Yang Yu , Cheng Xiaohong
Published: January 2025

Dialkylfluorene BTD based bolaamphiphiles can self-assemble into complex A15 type cubic network and Colsqu/p4gm LC phases, as well as be successfully applied in manufacture of LE-LCDs, WLEDs and PEDOT:PSS/n-Si HSCs with 13.97% PCE.
A superhard and superdense carbon allotrope with all-sp3 bonded helical chains of five-membered rings
Authors: Tang Yuan , Hu Meng , Zhang Wenyuan , Pang Jiwei , Ma Mengdong , Li Penghui , He Julong , Ding Jianning
Published: January 2025

Using a first-principles approach, we present a novel superhard and superdense carbon, T-C10, assembled from twisted five-membered rings. This structure exhibits excellent incompressibility and ultraviolet absorption.
Highly sensitive ratiometric luminescence manometers based on the multisite emission of Cr3+
Authors: Szymczak M. , Piotrowski W. M. , Rodríguez-Mendoza U. R. , Wozny P. , Runowski M. , Marciniak L.
Published: January 2025

In this work it has been shown how materials with multisite Cr3+ ion emission can be used for remote pressure sensing.
Enhancing the stereo structure via bulky peripheral groups to improve resistance to concentration quenching in OLEDs
Authors: Yue Haotian , Tian Yongxing , Huang Shan , Su Hanrui , Shao Hongbo , Zhang Qiang , Guo Runda , Wang Lei
Published: January 2025

New MR-TADF molecules, DtCzB-mDPA and DtCzB-mDS, were synthesized through introducing bulky peripheral groups to enhance the stereo structure. DtCzB-mDS-based OLEDs achieved a maximum EQE of 25.4% and a FWHM of 27 nm.
Optimization of the hygrosensitive response characteristics of a polyacrylate humidity sensor using halloysite nanotubes
Authors: Ma Xu , Cao Lijiu , Li Nian , Gong Yunpeng , Hu Yue , Yu Zongxing , Jin Tao , Chen Yufang
Published: January 2025

In this study, fast-response, low-power, high-precision composite moisture-sensitive membrane materials, namely, PAC/HNTs were prepared using halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and acrylic resins (PAC).
Suppressed P2-Z phase transition and Fe migration in the Na layer of an Fe/Mn-based layered oxide cathode for advanced sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhao Wei , Luo Shaohua , Qian Lixiong , Huang Rui , Wang Ge , Zhang Haoran , Hao Guodong , Yan Shengxun
Published: January 2025

The harmful P2-Z phase transition in the Fe/Mn-based layered oxide has been completely eliminated through Ti doping, which reduces the amount of Fe4+O6 and suppresses the migration of Fe ions.
Retraction: Low energy loss (0.42 eV) and efficiency over 15% enabled by non-fullerene acceptors containing N-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylbenzotriazole as the core in binary solar cells
Authors: Privado María , Donoso Beatriz , Khandelwal Kanupriya , Singhal Rahul , Guijarro Fernando G. , Díaz-Ortíz Ángel , Prieto Pilar , de la Cruz Pilar , Sharma Ganesh D. , Langa Fernando
Published: January 2025

Retraction of ‘Low energy loss (0.42 eV) and efficiency over 15% enabled by non-fullerene acceptors containing N-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylbenzotriazole as the core in binary solar cells’ by María Privado et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2022, 10, 13174–13182, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TC02289C.
Impact of powder and electrode ALD coatings on the performance of intercalation cathodes for lithium–ion batteries
Authors: Llanos Princess Stephanie , Bogdanova Alisa R. , Obrezkov Filipp , Farrahi Nastaran , Kallio Tanja
Published: January 2025

This article reviews the electrochemical performance of intercalation cathodes enhanced by the development of surface coatings via atomic layer deposition.
A fair power allocation in dual function radar and communication systems
Authors: Gao Pengzun , Zhao Long , Zheng Kan
Published: January 2025

The dual function radar and communication technology plays a crucial role in Internet of Vehicles. However, fewer studies have focused on optimizing the joint performance of sensing and communication in full‐duplex Internet of Vehicles while considering fairness. Therefore, this paper considers the scenario that the full‐duplex gNB employs dual function radar and communication technology to simultaneously achieve vehicle localization and communication with multiple half‐duplex vehicles. By leveraging a reasonable beamforming scheme to mitigate the residual self‐interference of the echo signal, an optimization problem that maximizing the joint performance metric of sensing and communication is formulated with limited power at the gNB. After problem transformation, a double descent iteration power allocation algorithm is proposed to solve the non‐convex optimization problem and the complexity of the algorithm is analysed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm converges and could fairly improve both the sensing and communication performance.
Federated learning for optimized resource allocation in power line communication systems
Authors: Yan Ruowen , Li Qiao , Xiong Huagang
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces the Priority‐Aware Federated Resource Allocation (PAFRA) algorithm, a novel resource allocation strategy designed for power line communication (PLC) systems. Leveraging a federated learning framework, PAFRA optimizes the distribution of limited spectrum resources across multiple nodes within a residential environment. The algorithm integrates a priority‐based time slot allocation to effectively manage subchannel conflicts and employs a Double Deep Q‐Network for local training at each node. This training modality includes comprehensive state, action, and reward configurations to fine‐tune transmission power and subchannel selections. Extensive simulations reveal that PAFRA substantially enhances system throughput, outperforming both traditional numerical optimization methods and contemporary machine learning approaches. Specifically, at a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 30 dB, PAFRA achieves a system throughput of approximately 950 Mbps, marking a 23% improvement over existing approaches. These findings highlight PAFRA's ability to significantly enhance network efficiency while complying with regulatory emission standards, demonstrating its potential to optimize dynamic PLC systems.
Determination of optimal island regions with simultaneous DG allocation and reconfiguration in power distribution networks
Authors: Cikan Murat , Cikan Nisa Nacar , Kekezoglu Bedri
Published: January 2025

The rising demand for electric energy and environmental pollution concerns have led to using renewable energy‐based distributed generators (DGs) in power distribution networks (PDN). However, the power flow may become bidirectional (non‐radial) by introducing the DGs into the system, which may cause instability in the system's operation. System instability causes an increase in system losses and implies a rising in costs. This paper proposes a methodology using Moth Flame Optimizer and Equilibrium Optimizer to reconfigure the PDN, optimizing the siting, sizing, and power factor of multiple DGs to maintain radial mode operation. Determining DGs' allocation within a radial system by optimizing multi‐parameters simultaneously leads to minimizing losses, enhancing reliability, and improving the stability of the network. Thus, the number of affected customers in a catastrophic power outage or emergency blackout scenarios can be minimized. The method has been tested on a 33‐bus distribution system where four different scenarios with three cases for each are studied to show the performance of the proposed method. The method's effectiveness is demonstrated by minimizing power loss, enhancing the voltage stability index, assuring reliability, and improving the voltage profile. Moreover, the accuracy of reliability index calculation results is confirmed with the commercial software ETAP.
Droop control strategy in inverter‐based microgrids: A brief review on analysis and application in islanded mode of operation
Authors: Shahgholian Ghazanfar , Moradian Mohammadreza , Fathollahi Arman
Published: January 2025

Droop control is at the first level of the control hierarchy and does not require communication. Having high reliability, is usually used in inverter‐based microgrids. The microgrid can operate as an island, and it can also be connected to the main or auxiliary grid. By reviewing the extensive literature on the role of the controller in inverter‐based microgrids for the island mode of operation, in this study, the droop regulation strategy has been covered briefly and compactly. Droop regulation is an example of decentralized regulation in basic control, and its importance is revealed in the island mode of operation when it is possible to share power in all facilities without needing to communicate with other units. Disadvantages of common droop control, such as slow transient dynamics and low energy quality for non‐linear and unbalanced loads, have limited its use in advanced microgrids. Therefore, various methods to improve the common droop control have been investigated so far, some of which have been mentioned. This study highlights the application of droop control strategies in order to coordinate distributed generation units in the microgrid. About 180 published studies in this field have been reviewed, classified and indexed for quick reference.
Reactive power valuation for DFIGs based on power loss and power capacity limitations
Authors: Deylami Fazel Pourmirzaei , Darabi Ahmad
Published: January 2025

This article presents a detailed method for reactive power valuation exclusively from the generator‐side point of view. This study is performed on a 1.5 MVA doubly‐fed induction generator and two main generator‐side parameters are introduced as the effective variables. These variables include power loss and active power capacity. In this article, in constant apparent power, the produced/consumed reactive power of the generator in exchange with the power grid is studied in detail and the operational characteristics of the generator including active/reactive power, power factor, and efficiency are reported. Using these functional characteristics, the power loss increment factor and the active power capacity reduction factor are proposed. Finally, the reactive power valuation factor that is the main output of this article is presented and the results are compared with the current reactive power pricing method in Iran. The results show that the proposed method can be useful for a more accurate analysis of reactive power valuation problem from the generator point of view.
Directional power transfer and data communication using magnetic resonance wireless charging system
Authors: Chien Yi‐Chi , Huang Chih‐Cheng , Lin Chun‐Liang
Published: January 2025

This research proposes bidirectional power and data transfer which implements electric vehicle (EV) battery charge/discharging using magnetic resonance coupling wireless power transfer (MRC‐WPT) with inner communication by binary phase‐shift keying (BPSK) technology between the primary side and the secondary side. The MRC‐WPT‐BPSK can implement grid‐to‐vehicle, vehicle‐to‐grid, or vehicle‐to‐load (V2L) functions due to inner communication capability without additional wireless communication modules such as Wi‐Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and so on. In the experiment result, charging power up to 300 W can reach an efficiency of 85%. The data communication accuracy (quality) of this system can be almost 100% within the air gap from 0 to 50 mm. In addition, the V2L function can provide energy up to 1000 Wh, such as emergency power, backup power, or light sources in the parking lot. Therefore, MRC‐WPT‐BPSK like a smart grid aids the user to obtain benefits from charging or discharging the battery according to time‐of‐use list.
Perioperative Patientensicherheit in der Anästhesie durch angepasste Planstellen
Authors: Bartscher Jörg , Dorn Martin , Oppermann Denise , Schiller Benjamin , Stolecki Dietmar
Published: January 2025

Wie muss die Personalausstattung in der Anästhesie aussehen, um eine bestmögliche Patientensicherheit zu gewährleisten? Das hier vorgestellte Instrument für den nichtärztlichen Dienst in der Anästhesie ermöglicht es, den Personalbedarf sicher zu kalkulieren.
Die Rolle der pharmazeutisch-technischen Assistenz im intensivmedizinischen Umfeld
Authors: Hoffmann David , Zeller Pia , Günther Marita , Kimpel Stephan , Utzolino Stefan , Hug Martin J. , von Heynitz Vincent , Merkel Markus
Published: January 2025

Um Pflegefachpersonen mehr Zeit für die Versorgung von Patienten zu ermöglichen, wurden an der Uniklinik Freiburg im Rahmen eines Projekts auf zwei Intensivstationen und einer Intermediate-Care-Station pharmazeutisch-technische Assistenten in den Behandlungsprozess integriert. Der folgende Beitrag beschreibt die erfolgreiche Umsetzung des Projekts und beleuchtet dabei die Herausforderungen und die erzielten Verbesserungen.
Continuum limit of the adaptive Kuramoto model
Authors: Cestnik Rok , Martens Erik A.
Published: January 2025

We investigate the dynamics of the adaptive Kuramoto model with slow adaptation in the continuum limit, N→∞. This model is distinguished by dense multistability, where multiple states coexist for the same system parameters. The underlying cause of this multistability is that some oscillators can lock at different phases or switch between locking and drifting depending on their initial conditions. We identify new states, such as two-cluster states. To simplify the analysis, we introduce an approximate reduction of the model via row-averaging of the coupling matrix. We derive a self-consistency equation for the reduced model and present a stability diagram illustrating the effects of positive and negative adaptation. Our theoretical findings are validated through numerical simulations of a large finite system. Comparisons of previous work highlight the significant influence of adaptation on synchronization behavior.
A combined 2ω/3ω method for the measurement of the in-plane thermal conductivity of thin films in multilayer stacks: Application to a silicon-on-insulator wafer
Authors: Mazzelli F. , Paterson J. , Leroy F. , Bourgeois O.
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on establishing and validating a method to accurately measure the in-plane thermal conductivity of very conductive thin films, such as single-crystal metals or semiconductors, 2D and nanostructured materials. By integrating both 2ω and 3ω measurements, the method is rendered insensitive to the superficial thermal boundary resistance of the insulating overlayer, enabling precise estimation of the in-plane thermal properties of conductive films grown on top of substrates or multilayer stacks. The proposed technique is applied to analyze the thermal conductivity of a silicon-on-insulator stack with a top layer consisting of a 340 nm thick film of monocrystalline silicon. Measurements are conducted within a temperature range spanning from 250 to 325 K. The results confirm the method’s capability to correctly assess the thermal conductivity decrease of the silicon film compared to bulk value, demonstrating its reliability for the thermal characterization of conductive thin films.
Synthetic frequency dimension in a spatiotemporally driven phononic ring resonator
Authors: Kyung Minwook , Park Jagang , Kim Yung , Lee Kyungmin , Min Bumki
Published: January 2025

The concept of synthetic dimensions offers a unique approach to exploring higher-dimensional physics within lower-dimensional systems. Since its initial demonstration in atomic systems, synthetic dimensions have been implemented in various optical platforms, often by forming a lattice through the coupling of photonic states. In this work, we propose a similar method for realizing synthetic frequency dimensions on a phononic platform. Specifically, we design a parametrically driven phononic ring resonator composed of cantilever beams and conduct numerical investigations into the modal dynamics along this synthetic frequency dimension. Our approach employs detuned spatiotemporal stiffness modulation, which generates synthetic electric fields for the phononic modes. This modulation induces both harmonic and anharmonic Bloch oscillations along the synthetic frequency dimension. To elucidate these modal dynamics, we numerically construct and visualize a dynamic band structure within the Brillouin zone in the presence of synthetic electric fields.
Millikelvin Nb nanoSQUID-embedded tunable resonator fabricated with a neon focused-ion-beam
Authors: Potter Jamie A. , Meti Laith , Chapman Gemma , Romans Ed , Gallop John , Hao Ling
Published: January 2025

SQUID-embedded superconducting resonators are of great interest due to their potential for coupling highly scalable superconducting circuits with quantum memories based on solid-state spin ensembles. Such an application requires a high-Q, frequency-tunable resonator that is both resilient to magnetic field and able to operate at millikelvin temperatures. These requirements motivate the use of a higher Hc metal such as niobium; however, the challenge then becomes to sufficiently reduce the operating temperature. We address this by presenting a monolithic Nb nanoSQUID-embedded resonator, where neon focused-ion-beam fabrication of the nanoSQUID results in a device displaying frequency tunability at T=16 mK. In order to assess the applicability of the device for coupling to small spin clusters, we characterize the flux sensitivity as a function of microwave drive power and externally applied magnetic field and find that the noise is dominated by dielectric noise in the resonator. Finally, we discuss improvements to the device design that can dramatically improve the flux sensitivity, which highlights the promise of Nb SQUID-embedded resonators for hybrid superconductor-spin applications.
Reconstructing attractors with autoencoders
Authors: Fainstein F. , Mindlin G. B. , Groisman P.
Published: January 2025

We propose a method based on autoencoders to reconstruct attractors from recorded footage, preserving the topology of the underlying phase space. We provide theoretical support and test the method with (i) footage of the temperature and stream function fields involved in the Lorenz atmospheric convection problem and (ii) a time series obtained by integrating the Rössler equations.
Enhanced red-light photorefractive response speed of LiNbO3 crystals for full color holographic display
Authors: Wang Shuolin , Shan Yidong , Wu Zhaojie , Zheng Dahuai , Liu Shiguo , Liu Hongde , Kong Yongfa , Xu Jingjun
Published: January 2025

As a promising candidate material for holographic displays, lithium niobate (LN) is limited by its slow photorefractive (PR) response. Recently, it was discovered that Bi3+, with its lone-pair electrons, can effectively enhance the PR speed of LN crystals. However, this enhancement is only effective in the short-wavelength range of visible light, and the response time remains inadequate for full-color dynamic displays. In this paper, a theoretical framework is established to guide the shallow energy-level PR doping of LN crystals. We simulate the energy band structure, electron mobility, and other properties of LN crystals doped with Tl, Pb, and Sb ions, which feature lone-pair electrons, using first-principles calculations. The theoretical results indicate that when Sb occupies the Nb site (SbNb0), the defect level position in the bandgap is shallow, and the electron mobility is 79.029 cm2 V–1 s–1 subsequently, we grew a series of LN:Sb and LN:Sb,Mg crystals and characterized their crystalline quality and PR properties. High-resolution x-ray rocking curve results demonstrate that all the as-grown crystals exhibit excellent crystalline quality, with FWHM values ranging from approximately 0.007° to 0.008°. Notably, the LN:Sb1.0,Mg6.0 crystal demonstrates a rapid PR response time of 1.67 s at 671 nm, nearly three times faster than that of the LN:Bi1.0,Mg6.0 crystal.
Asymptotic convergence for the dynamics of a Duffing-like oscillator under scaling analyses
Authors: Prando Livorati André Luís , Paganotti Faber André , Borin Daniel
Published: January 2025

The dynamics of the convergence for the stationary state considering a Duffing-like equation are investigated. The driven potential for these dynamics is supplied by a damped forced oscillator that has a piecewise linear function. Fixed points and their basins of attraction were identified and measured. We used entropy basin techniques to characterize the basins of attraction, where a changeover in its boundary basin entropy is observed concerning the boundary length. Additionally, we have a set of polar coordinates to describe the asymptotic convergence of the dynamics based on the range of the control parameter and initial conditions. The entire convergence to the stationary state was characterized by scaling laws.
Photon number-resolving aluminum kinetic inductance detectors
Authors: Dai X. , Wang H. , Wang Y. , Mai Z. , Shi Z. , Wang Y.-F. , Jia H. , Liu J. , He Q. , Dai M. , Ouyang P. , Chai Y. , Wei L.-F. , Zhang L. , Zhong Y. , Guo W. , Liu S. , Yu D.
Published: January 2025

We study the multi-photon energy resolution and demonstrate photon counting up to about 30 photons at near-infrared wavelengths in a kinetic inductance detector made from aluminum (Al) film. The detector has a lumped-element design comprising a large interdigitated capacitor in parallel with a narrow inductive strip. A fiber-coupled lens is used to focus the light onto the inductive absorber to minimize photon scattering. Detectors with different designs and film thicknesses are studied. From the histogram of the optimally filtered multi-photon response pulse height, we find that the square of the energy resolution of the n-photon peak ΔEn2 increases linearly with the absorbed photon energy nhν. The detector made from a thicker Al film has a smaller slope of ΔEn2 with nhν, suggesting lower phonon loss in a thicker absorber. We also discuss other factors that limit the energy resolution and maximum resolvable photon number, including the dark noise and position-dependent response.
Directed recurrence networks for the analysis of nonlinear and complex dynamical systems
Authors: Delage Rémi , Nakata Toshihiko
Published: January 2025

Complex network approaches have been emerging as an analysis tool for dynamical systems. Different reconstruction methods from time series have been shown to reveal complicated behaviors that can be quantified from the network’s topology. Directed recurrence networks have recently been suggested as one such method, complementing the already successful recurrence networks and expanding the applications of recurrence analysis. We investigate here their performance for the analysis of nonlinear and complex dynamical systems. It is shown that there is a strong parallel with previous Markov chain approximations of the transfer operator, as well as a few differences explained by their structure. Notably, the spectral analysis provides crucial information on the dynamics of the system, such as its complexity or dynamical patterns and their stability. Possible advantages of the directed recurrence network approach include the preserved data resolution and well defined recurrence threshold.
Laser-wavelength dependence of ultrafast demagnetization in ferromagnetic metals
Authors: Zhang G. P. , Si M. S. , Allbritton Nicholas , Bai Y. H.
Published: January 2025

Laser-induced ultrafast demagnetization (UD) in ferromagnetic metals opens a new frontier at the intersection between laser technology and materials sciences. However, a complete understanding is still missing even in simple 3d metals. Prior studies have often concentrated on the effect of laser fluence on UD, but whether and how the wavelength affects UD remain under explored. Here, we propose a new perspective that is based on laser wavelength. We show, via the example of fcc Ni, that without intraband transitions, wavelength has a significant impact on UD but the spin moment reduction is small. With the intraband transition, UD weakly depends on wavelength, but with a large spin reduction. The time-resolved electron and spin density of states reveals that electrons around the Fermi energy are largely responsible for strong demagnetization, which almost wipes out the imprint of the photon energy on demagnetization, explaining the experimental observation. A significant spin reduction is found when a large portion of the unoccupied minority states slightly above the Fermi level becomes occupied.
Design of 3D printed chip to improve sensitivity of platelet adhesion through reinjection: Effect of alcohol consumption on platelet adhesion
Authors: Kim Haebeen , Park Hae-Ryoun , Song Jae Min , Yeom Eunseop
Published: January 2025

Monitoring platelet aggregation is crucial for predicting thrombotic diseases and identifying the risk of bleeding or resistance to antiplatelet drugs. This study developed a microfluidic device to measure platelet activation with high sensitivity. By controlling exposure time through repeated reinjections, the device enables the detection of subtle changes in platelet activity influenced by lifestyle factors, such as alcohol consumption. Using computational fluid dynamics simulations, the design was optimized to achieve moderate shear stresses and fabricated with 3D printing. Experimental results revealed that pillars biased to one side partially accelerate the flow and inhibit platelet adhesion. A distinct difference in platelet adhesion was clearly observed before and after alcohol consumption. Despite the high standard deviations in platelet adhesion area, hematocrit, and viscosity after alcohol consumption, the area covered by adhered platelets increased by 3.12 times compared to that before alcohol consumption. This microfluidic chip offers potential for personalized health monitoring by distinguishing platelet variations caused by lifestyle or dietary habits. However, challenges such as reinjection procedures and large sample volumes require further investigation.
Hall deflection of spin-current driven skyrmion and its modulation
Authors: Wang Yu , Hu Jingguo
Published: January 2025

Skyrmion has been widely studied as a potential novel information carrier due to its particle-like structure and high sensitivity to the external field. However, the application of skyrmion in novel information memory is limited by the Hall deflection originating from its topological structure. Therefore, by analyzing the relationship between the skyrmion Hall deflection and the driving current as well as the properties of ferromagnetic nanoribbons, we obtain an effective method to regulate the Hall deflection and realize smooth movement of skyrmion, so as to ensure the stable reading of information. The regulation controls the magnetization orientation of the ferromagnetic input layer so that the spin current injected vertically into the upper layer can obtain an appropriate lateral spin polarization to suppress the transverse deflection caused by the skyrmion Hall effect, hence ensuring that the spin current drives the skyrmion along the magnetic track steadily. In addition, the modulation mechanism and influencing factors are analyzed in detail.
Bio-degradable smart nanocomposite fiber from Moringa oleifera fiber reinforced with safely functionalized carbon nanotubes
Authors: Kalam Md Abul , Mustakim Salvin , Rahman Mohammad Jellur , Uddin Md Tushar , Alam Md Ashraful , Rahman Mohammad Mahbubur
Published: January 2025

In this work, we present an innovative approach to fabricating biodegradable smart nanocomposite fibers by incorporating functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) onto the surface of Moringa oleifera fibers (MOFs) by using a simple dipping–drying technique. The objective of this research is to enhance the thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of MOFs through a scalable, non-destructive modification process, making them suitable for advanced applications. A facile radio frequency oxygen plasma processing method is employed to modify CNTs with hydrophilic oxygen-containing groups. The fibers are treated with an alkaline solution coupled with plasma treatment to enhance the interaction between the fiber and the matrices. The performance of the fiber is evaluated by measuring the surface morphology, structural, thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of the uncoated and f-CNTs-coated fibers. Field emission scanning electron microscope micrographs show that CNTs are uniformly integrated onto the surfaces of the treated MOFs. The results also indicate that interaction between the treated MOFs and f-CNTs, thermal stability, flame retardancy, crystallinity, and mechanical strength of the fibers are increased remarkably with the incorporation of f-CNTs. The resistance per meter of the f-CNTs/treated MOFs fiber drops dramatically from 1.5 MΩ to 13 Ω with the addition of f-CNTs. The current density of the sample increases by about 1000 times, and conductivity rises to 80 S m−1 under the applied voltage of 50 V, which also increases with temperature, indicating the semiconducting nature of CNTs. Therefore, these fibers are suitable for use in various electrical and electronic devices as well as conductive fillers in composite technologies.
A method for extracting ancient ceramic patterns based on artificial intelligence
Authors: Shao Yu , Huang Shuping , Mei Miao , Jiang Hong , Jiang Yu , Liao Dahai
Published: January 2025

To address missing features and reflections in the extraction process of ancient ceramic patterns, a pattern extraction method combining sharpening-smoothing and the whale-type k-means algorithm is proposed. By analyzing the reflection phenomenon of ancient ceramic images, a sharpening-smoothing image enhancement method is designed. It effectively improves image detail and texture expression. In addition, by analyzing the characteristics of missing graphic features in ancient ceramics, a whale-type k-means algorithm is constructed to achieve accurate extraction. The experimental results show that the accuracy of this method in ancient ceramic pattern extraction reaches 99.319%. F1 Score, MIoU, and Recall are 93.13%, 93.84%, and 87.15%, respectively. This method demonstrates superior performance in the accuracy and robustness of ancient ceramic pattern extraction. Meanwhile, it provides reliable technical support for the digital protection of cultural heritage and academic research.
Aerodynamic characteristics of a surface mounted prism of small aspect ratio immersed in atmospheric boundary layer
Authors: Song Baiyang , Cao Yong , Yushan Redili , Zhou Dai
Published: January 2025

In this study, we conducted three-dimensional large-eddy simulations to investigate the effect of the atmospheric boundary layer on the wake dynamics of surface mounted square prisms of small aspect ratio AR at Re = 20 000 and Re = 18 600 for the case of AR = 1 and AR = 0.5, respectively. Here, AR is the ratio of the square prism height H to its width D. The atmospheric boundary layer currently employed in this study results in a further decrease in the average drag force on the prism and a weakening of the periodicity of the prism wake compared to the case under the turbulent boundary layer with lower boundary layer thickness. Statistical analyses were then performed, in terms of the Reynolds stresses, mean field, and the turbulent wake visualization to show variations in the flow dynamics. Immersed in the atmospheric boundary layer, a decrease in the aspect ratio of the prism causes the shear layer and recirculation bubble in the wake to contract, altering the wake morphology. The inner vortex pair associated with the upwash wake and a stronger horseshoe vortex surrounded with ring vortices were founded in the case of prism at AR = 0.5. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method was further employed to analysis the key features of the prism wake of two aspect ratio within selected slices. In the far wake region, the fluctuations in the lower AR case are concentrated in the vertical direction. The reduced concentration of energy in the first few POD modes for the lower AR case suggests a diminished periodicity in the prism wake.
Revolutionizing fluid identification in well logging data with a novel framework of progressive gated transformers and multi-scale temporal features
Authors: Yin Wenjing , Li Hengxiao , Zhao Zhiyuan , Qiao Sibo , Sun Youzhuang
Published: January 2025

In energy exploration, predicting subsurface fluids through well logging is crucial for guiding exploration strategies. Teams rely on understanding fluid compositions to estimate the extent, reserves, and quality of hydrocarbon resources. This insight is vital for optimizing exploration approaches and resource allocation. Our approach integrates multi-scale temporal feature extraction (MTF) with the progressive gated transformer (PGT) for fluid classification. The MTF module extracts detailed features from well logging signals across various temporal scales, capturing nuances like quick fluctuations, steady changes, and long-term trends. This comprehensive data interpretation enhances the model's accuracy in real-world applications. The MTF-generated representations include multi-temporal scale features, providing a robust basis for further analysis and boosting the model's efficacy in classifying fluids, thus improving both accuracy and reliability. The PGT module's introduction augments the model's sequential data comprehension. It merges convolutional operations with transformer encoders, grasping complex sequential data traits, including localized details, and overarching contextual information. The PGT module's fusion of broad and detailed features yields more nuanced and precise sequence representations, bolstering the model's grasp of sequential data structure and content, which is beneficial for fluid classification tasks. Comparative assessments show our model's enhanced accuracy in fluid prediction, even in intricate geological settings. Its versatility across different scenarios and compatibility with various logging tools position the MTF-PGT model as a cutting-edge machine learning asset in well logging for fluid prediction, offering precise instruments for exploration and development, marking a notable progression in the field.
Landslide-induced impacts on downstream vessels based on an accurate and robust smoothed particle hydrodynamics framework
Authors: Yuan Hao , Xia Chunhua , Zhou Xidong , Sun Qian , Hu Ruichang , Diao Wei , Mao Yunfei
Published: January 2025

Landslide-induced tsunami waves pose significant risks to vessels navigating or anchored in affected water bodies. To address this issue, a validated smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) framework coupled with Delta-SPH method and Shifting Algorithm was assessed and then employed to investigate the impact of such waves on vessels, considering key influential factors such as landslide thickness, length, initial position, initial water depth, vessel width, and slope-to-vessel distance. The results indicate that the heave and sway motions of the vessel are primarily influenced by the initial wave, while the roll motion is mainly affected by the secondary waves. Among the parameters examined, the landslide thickness, slope-to-vessel distance, and initial water depth have the most significant effects on the maximum heave, sway, and roll values, with relative differences of 125.5%, 177.4%, and 223.0%, respectively. Variations in initial water depth led to different landslide motion patterns: the riverbed movement pattern and the chute movement pattern, which predominantly govern the generation process of secondary waves. Additionally, prediction equations for the maximum heave, sway, and roll motions of were proposed to quantitatively assess the impacts of various initial factors on vessel motion characteristics. The prediction equations reveal that the heave motion is predominantly affected by the landslide volume, the sway motion is predominantly affected by the slope-to-vessel distance, and the roll motion is primarily governed by the landslide length and initial water depth. The research provides insight into the dynamic responses of vessels under landslide-induced tsunami waves, offering valuable guidance for disaster prevention and mitigation efforts.