bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unique Bee Communities within Vacant Lots and Urban Farms Result from Variation in Surrounding Urbanization Intensity
Authors: Sivakoff Frances S. , Prajzner Scott P. , Gardiner Mary M.
Published: June 2018

We investigated the relative importance of vacant lot and urban farm habitat features and their surrounding landscape context on bee community richness, abundance, composition, and resource use patterns. Three years of pan trap collections from 16 sites yielded a rich assemblage of bees from vacant lots and urban farms, with 98 species documented. We collected a greater bee abundance from vacant lots, and the two forms of greenspace supported significantly different bee communities. Plant–pollinator networks constructed from floral visitation observations revealed that, while the average number of bees utilizing available resources, niche breadth, and niche overlap were similar, the composition of floral resources and common foragers varied by habitat type. Finally, we found that the proportion of impervious surface and number of greenspace patches in the surrounding landscape strongly influenced bee assemblages. At a local scale (100 m radius), patch isolation appeared to limit colonization of vacant lots and urban farms. However, at a larger landscape scale (1000 m radius), increasing urbanization resulted in a greater concentration of bees utilizing vacant lots and urban farms, illustrating that maintaining greenspaces provides important habitat, even within highly developed landscapes.
From Paris Agreement to Action: Enhancing Climate Change Familiarity and Situation Awareness
Authors: Onencan Abby Muricho , Van de Walle Bartel
Published: June 2018

The Paris Agreement was a monumental stride towards global climate change governance. It unlocked the climate change gridlock, introducing country-subjective commitments and a five-year review mechanism. To support the implementation of the Paris Agreement, we designed the Nzoia WeShareIt climate change game. Game sessions were conducted in June and July 2015, and 35 respondents completed a pre- and post-game situation awareness (SA) questionnaire and an in-game performance measurement system. The questionnaire uses a 10-dimensional situation awareness rating technique (SART). Subsequently, we conducted a factorial MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance) to assess the interaction effects between familiarity, team, and gender. Results indicate an increase in situation awareness. However, policymakers’ action was not contingent on the increased SA only, there was a significant interaction effect between familiarity and SA, to lead to climate change actions. Therefore, we recommend more emphasis on the role of familiarity in enhancing SA and, subsequently, supporting the implementation to the Paris five-year review country commitments. We also recommend the increased usage of symbols and capacity development of policymakers on connective capacity to enable them to span the climate change boundaries.
Intrinsic Metrics on Sierpinski-Like Triangles and Their Geometric Properties
Authors: Saltan Mustafa
Published: June 2018

The classical Sierpinski Gasket defined on the equilateral triangle is a typical example of fractals. Sierpinski-like triangles can also be constructed on isosceles or scalene triangles. An explicit formula for the intrinsic metric on the classical Sierpinski Gasket via code representation of its points is given. The aim of this paper is to generalize this formula to the Sierpinski-like triangles. We also investigate geometrical properties of these triangles with respect to the intrinsic metric. Moreover, we describe certain properties of the classical Sierpinski gasket which are not shared by all of its analogues.
Multi-Granulation Rough Set for Incomplete Interval-Valued Decision Information Systems Based on Multi-Threshold Tolerance Relation
Authors: Lin Bingyan , Xu Weihua
Published: June 2018

A relation is viewed as a granularity from a granular computing perspective. A classic rough set contains only one granularity. A multi-granulation rough set contains multiple granularities, which promotes the applications of classical rough set. Firstly, this paper uses the incomplete interval-valued decision information system (IIVDIS) as research object and constructs two rough set models in the light of single granularity rough set model for applying the rough set theory to real life more widely, which are optimistic multi-granulation rough set (OMGRS) model and pessimistic multi-granulation rough set (PMGRS) model in the IIVDIS. Secondly, we design two algorithms to compute the roughness and the degree of dependence that are two tools for measuring uncertainty of rough set. Finally, several experiments are performed on six UCI data sets to verify the validity of the proposed theorems.
Development of Phage Lysins as Novel Therapeutics: A Historical Perspective
Authors: Fischetti Vincent A.
Published: June 2018

Bacteriophage lysins and related bacteriolytic enzymes are now considered among the top antibiotic alternatives for solving the mounting resistance problem. Over the past 17 years, lysins have been widely developed against Gram-positive and recently Gram-negative pathogens, and successfully tested in a variety of animal models to demonstrate their efficacy. A lysin (CF-301) directed to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has effectively completed phase 1 human clinical trials, showing safety in this novel therapeutic class. To validate efficacy, CF-301 is currently the first lysin to enter phase 2 human trials to treat hospitalized patients with MRSA bacteremia or endocarditis. If successful, it could be the defining moment leading to the acceptance of lysins as an alternative to small molecule antibiotics. This article is a detailed account of events leading to the first therapeutic use and ultimate development of phage-encoded lysins as novel anti-infectives.
The Odd “RB” Phage—Identification of Arabinosylation as a New Epigenetic Modification of DNA in T4-Like Phage RB69
Authors: Thomas Julie A. , Orwenyo Jared , Wang Lai-Xi , Black Lindsay W.
Published: June 2018

In bacteriophages related to T4, hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) is incorporated into the genomic DNA during DNA replication and is then further modified to glucosyl-hmC by phage-encoded glucosyltransferases. Previous studies have shown that RB69 shares a core set of genes with T4 and relatives. However, unlike the other “RB” phages, RB69 is unable to recombine its DNA with T4 or with the other “RB” isolates. In addition, despite having homologs to the T4 enzymes used to synthesize hmC, RB69 has no identified homolog to known glucosyltransferase genes. In this study we sought to understand the basis for RB69’s behavior using high-pH anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) and mass spectrometry. Our analyses identified a novel phage epigenetic DNA sugar modification in RB69 DNA, which we have designated arabinosyl-hmC (ara-hmC). We sought a putative glucosyltranserase responsible for this novel modification and determined that RB69 also has a novel transferase gene, ORF003c, that is likely responsible for the arabinosyl-specific modification. We propose that ara-hmC was responsible for RB69 being unable to participate in genetic exchange with other hmC-containing T-even phages, and for its described incipient speciation. The RB69 ara-hmC also likely protects its DNA from some anti-phage type-IV restriction endonucleases. Several T4-related phages, such as E. coli phage JS09 and Shigella phage Shf125875 have homologs to RB69 ORF003c, suggesting the ara-hmC modification may be relatively common in T4-related phages, highlighting the importance of further work to understand the role of this modification and the biochemical pathway responsible for its production.
Postgenomic Approaches and Bioinformatics Tools to Advance the Development of Vaccines against Bacteria of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex
Authors: Sousa Sílvia A. , Seixas António M. M. , Leitão Jorge H.
Published: June 2018

Bacteria of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality among patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. Eradication of these pathogens by antimicrobial therapy often fails, highlighting the need to develop novel strategies to eradicate infections. Vaccines are attractive since they can confer protection to particularly vulnerable patients, as is the case of cystic fibrosis patients. Several studies have identified specific virulence factors and proteins as potential subunit vaccine candidates. So far, no vaccine is available to protect from Bcc infections. In the present work, we review the most promising postgenomic approaches and selected web tools available to speed up the identification of immunogenic proteins with the potential of conferring protection against Bcc infections.
Influence of Climate Change on the Design of Retention Basins in Northeastern Portugal
Authors: Sanches Fernandes Luis F. , Pereira Mário G. , Morgado Sónia G. , Macário Eduarda B.
Published: June 2018

Retention basins are used to control the quantity and quality of stormwater runoff. Their design is based on Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves and on the assumption that the rainfall distribution is stationary. The analysis of rainfall observed for recent past conditions and projected for the future suggests the existence of significant changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events. This study aims to assess the potential impacts of climate change in the design of retention basins. The adopted multi- and interdisciplinary methodological approach comprises: Rainfall aggregation and disaggregation, distribution fitting for different climate change scenarios, durations and return periods, model bias correction, robust regression of rainfall intensity for different durations and, finally, engineering design based on IDF curves. Results obtained with IDF curves defined in the Portuguese law and estimated from the ECHAM5/MPI-OM1/COSMO-CLM regional climate model for recent past and future climate scenarios point to: (i) Increase in the volume of the retention basin, more expressive in the end of the XXI century; (ii) changes of different magnitude within the country and the same rainfall region; and (iii) increase of 20% to 23% on average, and 46% to 65% at most, for the conditions of B1 and A1B scenarios, respectively.
Water Resources Sustainability of Ulaanbaatar City, Mongolia
Authors: Batsaikhan Naranchimeg , Lee Jae Min , Nemer Buyankhishig , Woo Nam C.
Published: June 2018

Ulaanbaatar (UB), the capital of Mongolia, is one of the fastest-growing cities in the developing world. Due to increasing demand driven by rapid population and industrial growth, sustainable water resource management is required. Therefore, we investigated sustainability in UB from the perspective of water quality. During five sampling campaigns, we collected 135 water samples (58 from bedrock wells, 44 from shallow wells tapped into the alluvial aquifer, 24 from rivers, and 9 from springs). The hydrochemistry of the water samples was controlled by two major processes: NO3 contamination, and silicate and carbonate mineral weathering. The groundwater samples could be classified into three groups based on their NO3 levels and spatial distribution. Group 1 had natural background NO3 levels (median: 1.7 mg/L) and silicate weathering–dominant water–rock interactions and was distributed in the alluvial aquifer along the floodplain. Group 2 was dominated by carbonate weathering processes, had a maximum NO3 concentration of 47.4 mg/L, and was distributed between the riverbank and upslope area; overall, it reflected ongoing contamination. Group 3 was distributed in the upslope Ger districts and showed significant NO3 contamination (range: 64.0–305.4 mg/L) due to dense and poor living conditions. The stable isotope signatures indicated that the city’s major water supply from riverbank filtration (i.e., Group 1 wells) mixed dynamically with the river; therefore, it showed no sign of NO3 contamination. However, the isotope values and bedrock groundwater quality of wells in Groups 2 and 3 implied that they were closely connected, with the same water source, and showed a strong potential for expanding NO3 contamination toward Group 1 wells. To support sustainable development in UB, the implementation of appropriate institutional measures to protect and preserve water resources, with systematic spatio-temporal monitoring and a focus on Ger districts, is crucial.
Groundwater Hydrochemical Zoning in Inland Plains and its Genetic Mechanisms
Authors: Xing Liting , Huang Linxian , Hou Xinyu , Yang Lizhi , Chi Guangyao , Xu Junxiang , Zhu Henghua
Published: June 2018

Pore water in inland plain areas, generally having poor water quality, contain complex hydrochemical properties. In order to examine groundwater chemical composition formation characteristics, groundwater in the Jiyang area of Lubei Plain was studied using stratified monitoring of drilling, analysis of water level and water quality, isotope analysis, ion ratio coefficient and isothermal adsorption experiments, hydrochemical characteristics, and analysis of variations in different shallow depths. Results show that: (1) Numerous hydrochemistry types are present in the diving. Along with the direction of groundwater flow, total dissolved solids (TDS) of diving in the study area generally increases and the hydrochemical type changes from the HCO3 type to the HCO3·SO4 type, Cl·HCO3 type and the Cl·SO4 type. (2) Shallow brackish water and freshwater in the horizontal direction are alternately distributed, and shallow brackish water is distributed in the area between old channels, showing sporadic spots or bands, whose hydrochemistry type is predominantly Cl·SO4-Na·Mg·Ca. (3) Affected by the sedimentary environment, hydrodynamic conditions and other factors; diving, middle brackish water and deep freshwater are vertically deposited in the study area. The dynamics of middle brackish water quality are stable due to the sedimentary environment and clay deposits. The hydrochemistry types of middle brackish water are mainly Cl·SO4-Mg·Na and SO4·Cl-Na·Mg, while the deep confined water is dominated by HCO3. (4) The optimal adsorption isotherms of Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in groundwater from clay, with a thickness raging from 6–112 m, conformed to the Henry equation and the Langmuir equation. The retardation of Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in groundwater differed with differing depths of the clay deposit. The trend of change in retardation strength correlates strongly with the TDS of groundwater. Groundwater in the inland plain area is affected by complicated hydrogeochemical processes; in addition, leaching, cation exchange, evaporative concentration and clay retardation have an important influence on the horizontal and vertical zonation of groundwater chemical components.
Application of Terrestrial Laser Scanning to Tree Trunk Bark Structure Characteristics Evaluation and Analysis of Their Effect on the Flow Resistance Coefficient
Authors: Kałuża Tomasz , Sojka Mariusz , Strzeliński Paweł , Wróżyński Rafał
Published: June 2018

The paper presents an original method for the evaluation of bark structure characteristics of tree trunks on the basis of terrestrial laser scanning data. Measurements testing the method proposed were performed in laboratory conditions for trunks of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak (Quercus robur L.). The laser scanner used was a FARO Focus 3D. The scanning was carried out in two variants for natural trunks (variant I: samples Oak-I, Pine-I) and for trunks wrapped in foil (variant II: samples Oak-II, Pine-II). The point clouds obtained were combined into a three-dimensional (3D) model, filtered, and exported to the *.xyz format in SCENE (v. 5×) software provided by FARO. For calculation of the bark structure characteristics the geoprocessing Tree Trunk Bark Structure Model (TTBSM) operating in the ArcGIS environment was developed. The mean bark height factor (BHF) of the natural pine and oak tree trunks was calculated to be 0.39 cm and 0.37 cm, while the values for the trunks wrapped in foil were 0.27 cm and 0.25 cm, respectively. The BHF of the tree trunks wrapped in foil varied in the range 0.26–0.28 cm and 0.24–0.26 cm for pine and oak, respectively, while for the natural tree trunks the range was 0.38–0.46 cm and 0.35–0.38 cm for pine and oak, respectively. The effect of BHF on the flow resistance was evaluated in a measuring trough and proved to be significant. The coefficient of flow resistance was on average 20% higher for the natural tree trunks than for those foil-wrapped.
Tourist Perceptions of Living Authenticity in Indigenous Tourism Destinations: The Case of Smangus Village in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Pei-Hsin
Published: June 2018

Tourists' perceptions of authenticity are an essential component in indigenous tourism and it has been acknowledged as a driving force that motivates tourists' intention to revisit the destination. However, previous studies mainly focused on the static concept of nonliving authenticity
such as heritage sites and natural landscapes. Perceptions of dynamic concept of living authenticity in indigenous tourism destination are understudied. In order to fill up this gap, this study examines tourists' perceptions of "living authenticity" in Smangus village in Taiwan, and examines
how these perceptions influence tourists' intention to revisit the village. The survey was conducted from May 22 to June 14, 2015 based on 194 respondents. Exploratory factor analysis delineated three dimensions of tourists' perceptions of living authenticity in Smangus village: object-related,
intrapersonal, and interpersonal authenticity. Ordinal logistic regression model was used to determine the effect of perceptions of living authenticity on the intention to revisit. The results show that perceptions of living authenticity positively influence tourists' intention to revisit
Smangus village. By combining theoretical discussions and empirical analysis, this study contributes to a better understanding of tourists' perceptions of living authenticity in the indigenous tourism destination.
Using Couchsurfing.Com and its Association With Generalized Trust
Authors: Ronzhyn Alexander
Published: June 2018

Trust is necessary for the functioning of Couchsurfing.com service. Without a certain degree of trust, the users would not let other Couchsurfing members into their homes, yet the trust has to form prior to any face-to-face interaction. This article explores the concept of trust in
Couchsurfing through a quantitative survey of its users, looking into the connection between an individual's experience on the network and generalized trust. The positive association between Couchsurfing use and individual generalized trust is established, while negative experiences in the
network are found to have significant negative impact on one's level of trust.
Slum Tourism: A Review of State-of-the-Art Scholarship
Authors: Tzanelli Rodanthi
Published: June 2018

In this review article, Rodanthi Tzanelli notes that (today) "slum," "favela," or "township" tourism (i.e., visitations to urban sites of squalor and poverty for leisure, education, or philanthropy) has evolved into a mobility trend worthy of dedicated study by tourism scholars. She
signposts relevant contemporary studies and arguments on the subject by focusing upon the ways in which slum tourist "motivations" are structured socially and culturally at transcultural, international levels and not just as localized or individualized preferences. As a result, this review
article taps into issues of capitalist demand and supply of exotic poverty and otherness. Tzanelli's aim is to highlight the social scientific traditions on which present dominant arguments on tourism supply and motivation are constructed, so as to shed light on the underlying norms and values
by which the overall study area is informed. To this end, she discusses how different analytical modes connect to specific "gazes" or styles of study of slum tourism, which are by turn informed by particular epistemological frameworks. In her view, such epistemologies produce different versions of reality about slums that circulate in intellectual and policy networks. (Abstract by the Reviews Editor)
Controllable one-pot synthesis of uniform colloidal TiO2 particles in a mixed solvent solution for photocatalysis
Authors: Moon Jong Tae , Lee Seung Ki , Joo Ji Bong
Published: June 2018

This study reports on the controllable synthesis of uniform colloidal titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles and their photocatalytic applications toward rhodamine B (RhB) degradation. The monodispersed TiO2 particles were synthesized under mixed solvent conditions by sol–gel chemistry in a one-pot process. Varying the ratio of solvent composition, the concentration of surfactant and TiO2 precursor was used to control the particle diameter, degree of monodispersity and morphology. The modification of the calcination temperature affected the crystallinity and crystalline phase of the colloidal TiO2 particles. When uniform, amorphous TiO2 particles were calcined at an optimal temperature (500 °C), the final sample exhibited beneficial characteristics such as high anatase crystallinity with a mixed phase of anatase and rutile and relatively high surface area. The photocatalytic efficiency of the uniform TiO2 sample with high anatase crystallinity with mixed phase and high surface area was dramatically enhanced towards RhB degradation under UV–vis irradiation. We systemically discuss the relationship between the synthetic parameters in our synthesis and the properties of the final TiO2 products, as well as the crystalline properties and performance enhancement of TiO2 photocatalysts calcined at different temperatures.
Machine Learning Techniques for Stellar Light Curve Classification
Authors: Hinners Trisha A. , Tat Kevin , Thorp Rachel
Published: June 2018

We apply machine learning techniques in an attempt to predict and classify stellar properties from noisy and sparse time-series data. We preprocessed over 94 GB ofKeplerlight curves from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) to classify according to 10 distinct physical properties using both representation learning and feature engineering approaches. Studies using machine learning in the field have been primarily done on simulated data, making our study one of the first to use real light-curve data for machine learning approaches. We tuned our data using previous work with simulated data as a template and achieved mixed results between the two approaches. Representation learning using a long short-term memory recurrent neural network produced no successful predictions, but our work with feature engineering was successful for both classification and regression. In particular, we were able to achieve values for stellar density, stellar radius, and effective temperature with low error (∼2%–4%) and good accuracy (∼75%) for classifying the number of transits for a given star. The results show promise for improvement for both approaches upon using larger data sets with a larger minority class. This work has the potential to provide a foundation for future tools and techniques to aid in the analysis of astrophysical data.
Light Element Abundances and Multiple Populations in M10
Authors: Gerber Jeffrey M. , Friel Eileen D. , Vesperini Enrico
Published: June 2018

We present CN and CH band measurements for 137 red giant branch (RGB) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the Galactic globular cluster M10. Our measurements come from low-resolution spectroscopy taken with the Hydra spectrograph on the WIYN-3.5 m telescope. We use these measurements to identify two populations of stars within the cluster, CN-normal and CN-enhanced, and find that in our sample 60% of stars are CN-enhanced. Our large sample allows us to conduct a detailed analysis on the carbon and nitrogen abundances and the radial distribution of each population separately. Our analysis of the radial dependence shows that each population has the same radial distribution in the cluster, which is likely due to the cluster being dynamically evolved. We also compare our results to other methods of classifying multiple populations in globular clusters such as the Na–O anti-correlation and the HST pseudo-color–magnitude diagrams. We find that these three methods of identifying multiple populations are in good agreement with each other for M10 and all lead to an estimate of the fraction of second-generation stars approximately equal to 60%. Among AGB stars, when classified by the CN band, there appears to be a lack of second-generation stars when compared to the RGB stars. However, when classified by [N/Fe], we find a similar 60% of AGB stars in the second generation. Finally, we use the measured carbon and nitrogen abundances in RGB stars to study the change of each element with magnitude as stars evolve up the RGB, comparing the results to globular clusters of similar metallicity, M3 and M13.
Evidence of a Sub-Saturn around EPIC 211945201
Authors: Chakraborty Abhijit , Roy Arpita , Sharma Rishikesh , Mahadevan Suvrath , Chaturvedi Priyanka , Prasad Neelam J. S. S. V , Anandarao B. G.
Published: June 2018

We report here strong evidence for a sub-Saturn around EPIC 211945201 and confirm its planetary nature. EPIC 211945201b was found to be a planetary candidate from K2 photometry in Campaigns 5 and 16, transiting a bright star (V
mag = 10.15, G0 spectral type) in a 19.492 day orbit. However, the photometric data combined with false positive probability calculations using VESPA was not sufficient to confirm the planetary scenario. Here, we present high-resolution spectroscopic follow up of the target using the PARAS spectrograph (19 radial velocity observations) over a time baseline of 420 days. We conclusively rule out the possibility of an eclipsing binary system and confirm the 2σ detection of a sub-Saturn planet. The confirmed planet has a radius of 6.12 ± 0.1 R
⊕, and a mass of

. We also place an upper limit on the mass (within the 3σ confidence interval) at 42 M
⊕ above the nominal value. This results in the Saturn-like density of

. Based on the mass and radius, we provide a preliminary model-dependent estimate that the heavy element content is 60%–70% of the total mass. This detection is important as it adds to a sparse catalog of confirmed exoplanets with masses between 10 and 70 M
⊕ and radii between 4 and 8 R
⊕, whose masses and radii are measured to a precision of 50% or better (only 23 including this work).
A Study of a Compound Solar Eruption with Two Consecutive Erupting Magnetic Structures
Authors: Dhakal Suman K. , Chintzoglou Georgios , Zhang Jie
Published: June 2018

We report a study of a compound solar eruption that was associated with two consecutively erupting magnetic structures and correspondingly two distinct peaks, during impulsive phase, of an M-class flare (M8.5). Simultaneous multi-viewpoint observations from SDO, GOES and STEREO-A show that this compound eruption originated from two pre-existing sigmoidal magnetic structures lying along the same polarity inversion line. Observations of the associated pre-existing filaments further show that these magnetic structures are lying one on top of the other, separated by 12 Mm in height, in a so-called “double-decker” configuration. The high-lying magnetic structure became unstable and erupted first, appearing as an expanding hot channel seen at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths. About 12 minutes later, the low-lying structure also started to erupt and moved at an even faster speed compared to the high-lying one. As a result, the two erupting structures interacted and merged with each other, appearing as a single coronal mass ejection in the outer corona. We find that the double-decker configuration is likely caused by the persistent shearing motion and flux cancellation along the source active region’s strong-gradient polarity inversion line. The successive destabilization of these two separate but closely spaced magnetic structures, possibly in the form of magnetic flux ropes, led to a compound solar eruption. The study of the compound eruption provides a unique opportunity to reveal the formation process, initiation, and evolution of complex eruptive structures in solar active regions.
Programa de produção mais limpa no setor de panificação da cidade de Marabá-PA
Authors: Barbosa de Miranda Luciana , Santana Franco Johnnathan , Epifânio Loureiro Glauber
Published: June 2018

As atividades industriais demoraram décadas para inserir a variável ambiental em suas decisões, no entanto recentemente tem surgido iniciativas sustentáveis no processo produtivo de grandes e pequenas empresas. Um desses setores é a indústria de panificação, que apesar de ser um ramo de pequeno porte e que não gera resíduos perigosos, isso não impede que sejam aplicadas novas tecnologias sustentáveis de produção. Uma dessas tecnologias é a Produção Mais Limpa (P+L), que visa otimizar o processo produtivo e prevenir a geração de resíduos. Tem objetivo de elaborar um programa de (P+L) no setor de panificação da cidade de Marabá-PA. A pesquisa é de caráter indutiva, exploratória e descritiva, além de ser um estudo de caso caracterizado como qualitativo. Utilizou-se a metodologia de P+L proposta pelo Centro Nacional de Tecnologias Limpas (CNTL) e pela Agência de Proteção Nacional dos EUA (EPA). Obteve-se que a principal medida a ser proposta foi a utilização da massa de pré-mistura, juntamente com a adoção da pré-pesagem e de recipientes para dosagens, além da segregação e comercialização dos resíduos da panificadora. Tais propostas, tem baixo investimento e promovem o aumento da produtividade, diminuição dos custos de produção e a redução da geração de resíduos.
Dinâmica organizacional de empreendimentos que comercializam produtos amazônicos na capital do estado do Pará
Authors: Alcantara Edivaldo Rodrigues , Campos Pereira Sirlyanne Cilene
Published: June 2018

A floresta amazônica representa a região de maior biodiversidade do mundo, sendo extremamente rica em frutas e plantas. Seus vastos acervos de matéria prima vêm conquistando cada dia mais o mercado empreendedor, fazendo com que inúmeras empresas da capital do Pará trabalhem com seus produtos. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é identificar de que modo essas empresas se organizam para comercializar tais produtos. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir de métodos qualitativo e quantitativo, com uso de entrevistas com os gestores e a clientela. Essas ferramentas utilizadas visam à ocorrência da sincronia entre organização e cliente. Portanto, foi identificado a forma de abastecimento, do transporte das mercadorias, da determinação da precificação, do tempo de permanência dos produtos no empreendimento e o descarte dos resíduos. E para os clientes, a pesquisa focou o atendimento e o retorno à empresa.  Diante dos argumentos expostos, conclui-se que o comércio local de produtos oriundos da própria região amazônica está firme e em expansão, somado a ideia de preservação e favorecendo a aplicação de leis relacionadas ao meio ambiente. Na região Norte, as microempresas possuem uma grande representatividade nesse mercado, contudo, foi obtido também a dissemelhança entre elas, já que nas macro empresas, a implementação da inovação nos equipamentos e serviços oferecidos são maiores, mostrando a discrepância na dinâmica.
Planejamento de metas para redução de falhas no processo de distribuição de uma empresa transportadora
Authors: CARDOSO ADRIANO LINDON LEITE , SOUZA YWAKENON BENTO DE MELO , Martins Vitor William Batista , Pimentel Fernanda Quitéria Arraes
Published: June 2018

O sistema de transporte de cargas no Brasil tem sido fator importante na economia do país. Com isso, este é considerado crucial nas cadeias produtivas, o qual apresenta capacidade de fazer a aproximação entre os mercados propiciando a integração entre regiões e estados. Desta forma, esta pesquisa teve como foco propor e definir metas a serem implantadas em uma empresa transportadora de cargas, objetivando melhorias na mesma, por meio do planejamento SMART de metas. A estratégia de pesquisa adotada foi o estudo de caso, pois foi realizado estudo aprofundado do objeto em questão. Como resultados tem-se a identificação das falhas que prejudicam o processo de distribuição da transportadora e, por conseguinte a elaboração e proposição de 3 metas SMART em um horizonte de 1 ano para diminuição de falhas na empresa estudada, um plano de ação 5W1H para dar suporte na efetivação de tais. Como conclusão destaca-se: a importância do método SMART na estruturação de metas para diminuição de falhas no processo produtivo de uma empresa, pois a ferramenta auxilia na criação de um objetivo e a participação necessária de um plano de ação para auxiliar o método SMART, pois deve-se traçar o percurso até a conclusão de metas.
Análise de confiabilide de um sistema de controle multiplexado de poços submarinos utilizando árvore de falha
Authors: Silva Antonio Hevertton Martins , Da Hora Henrique , Fernandes Rodrigo Martins
Published: June 2018

A indústria do petróleo tem papel extremamente importante na economia brasileira. Em 2014, por exemplo, o setor de óleo e gás representou 13% do PIB do Brasil. Maior parte desse petróleo vem sendo e será provido, cada vez mais, a partir de reservatórios marítimos (offshore). O sistema de produção submarino tem alguns aspectos únicos relacionados à inacessibilidade para instalação e manutenção, dessa forma exige equipamentos complexos e não usuais à indústria. Desse modo, o presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa da confiabilidade do sistema de controle multiplexado submarino aplicado na produção de óleo e gás. No desenvolvimento da pesquisa é feita uma análise funcional do sistema de controle para definir a função a ser analisada através da árvore de falha com os dados de taxas de falhas obtidos pela OREDA. Foi possível identificar as probabilidades de falha para o período de 7.400 h e 26.500 h são, respectivamente, 17,35% e 67,52%. Em outros termos, a confiabilidade nos pontos observados são 82,65% e 32,48%.
Processo de reambulação no mapeamento topográfico
Authors: Passos Joel Borges dos , Silva de França Leandro Luiz
Published: June 2018

A elevada demanda de geoinformações e as exigências da Infraestrutura Nacional de Dados Espaciais (INDE) para mapear o território brasileiro de forma dinâmica requereram a modernização no processo de coleta de dados. No Brasil, uma etapa do processo do mapeamento topográfico que tem grande importância na aquisição de atributos das feições é o processo de reambulação. Neste âmbito, a Diretoria de Serviço Geográfico do Exército (DSG), com intuito de padronizar e detalhar os trabalhos de reambulação elaborou uma metodologia que aborda o uso das tecnologias atuais de Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG), estando em consonância com as especificações técnicas para produção de dados geográficos no Brasil. Assim, o presente trabalho apresenta as inovações tecnológicas, metodologias aplicadas para coleta de dados geoespaciais e como é realizado o processo de reambulação pela DSG, explorando as atividades de preparo, execução, revisão e correção da reambulação. Nas considerações finais conclui-se que a reambulação, com uso de novas tecnologias e com as recentes especificações técnicas, é uma das fases que fornece informações essenciais e atualizadas a respeito da situação de detalhes de uma carta topográfica.
Educação superior pública no Rio Grande do Norte: expansão e interiorização
Authors: Carvalho Francisco João de Deus de , Damião de Lima Lívia Gabriela , Ferreira da Costa Francisco Daniel , Santos Júnior Alcides Leão
Published: June 2018

Discute-se a política de expansão e interiorização da educação superior pública no Rio Grande do Norte (RN) ocorrida entre 2001 e 2014. A partir da análise dos dados do Censo da Educação Superior no referido período, fornecidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP), e dos dados da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) percebe-se que houve um expressivo aumento de instituições, vagas, matrículas e cursos, principalmente no interior e nas regiões mais desassistidas do país. Tal expansão é visível também no estado do RN, o que possibilitou o desenvolvimento local e regional de determinados espaços. Neste estado, a expansão ocorreu com maior crescimento relativo no interior, destacando-se a atuação e o papel: a) da UFRN, principalmente através da expansão dos cursos à distância (UAB); b) da UFERSA, pela permanência e aumento de campi, cursos e vagas no interior; c) da UERN, principalmente pela criação de novos cursos, núcleos avançados e programas de pós-graduação; d) e do IFRN, pelo grande espraiamento em todo o Estado.
Condicionalidades do PBF e seus efeitos sobre os índices educacionais nos municípios brasileiros entre 2010 e 2012
Authors: Casonato Lucas , Corrêa André Luiz , Paiva Suzana Cristina Fernandes de
Published: June 2018

Este trabalho estima e analisa os efeitos das condicionalidades do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) sobre os índices de educação dos municípios brasileiros entre 2010 e 2012. Analisa seus impactos sobre presença, aprovação e abandono nos três níveis educacionais que atinge por meio das regras de concessão das bolsas, infantil, fundamental e médio. A estratégia empírica vale-se da aplicação de modelos de dados em Painel, em efeitos fixos e efeitos aleatórios, para todos os índices em cada uma das faixas escolares. Encontra resultados positivos para a presença em todos os níveis de ensino, e indícios de melhoria nas taxas de aprovação e de abandono. Conclui que há evidências de eficácia das condicionalidades exigidas pelo PBF como estratégia de curto prazo para a promoção de capital humano das famílias de baixa renda.
Do velho Cais Mauá a novos negócios: conflitos inerentes a representação política da identidade na gestão do espaço urbano
Authors: Lacerda Carlos César de Oliveira , Mello Sérgio Carvalho Benício de
Published: June 2018

Esse artigo versa sobre uma intervenção urbana de requalificação do espaço público no Porto Cais Mauá em Porto Alegre-RS. O objetivo foi compreender como se dão os conflitos na representação política da identidade gaúcha na gestão do espaço urbano. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de posição crítica que se utilizou a Teoria do Discurso de Ernesto Laclau e Chantal Mouffe, uma teoria pós-estruturalista de matriz pós-marxista. Paralelamente essa discussão também foi apoiada na teoria do Direito à Cidade de Henri Lefebvre e nos estudos sobre a Produção Capitalista do Espaço de David Harvey e a teorização sobre identidade política, a partir de uma metodologia retrodutiva. O corpus de pesquisa foi montado contendo 25 arquivos, sendo eles entrevistas com movimentos de resistência, documentos e arquivos de redes sociais. Para apoiar as análises utilizou-se o software de análise qualitativa NVivo. Os resultados apontam que os conflitos se dão para legitimar a identidade de um povo na intenção de preservar sua historicidade local e ao mesmo tempo colocar a cidade em favorecimento do capital. Ambos argumentos estão pautados em um único conceito de cidade: de um lado baseado em valor econômico agregado, e do outro lado um modelo baseado em participação, transparência e preservação.
La laïcité, un produit de l’histoire et un outil au service des droits humains
Authors: Zuber Valentine
Published: June 2018

La laïcité, comme principe politique, a une histoire qui s’enracine dans celle des États nations qui se sont constitués au lendemain des guerres de Religion qui ont ensanglanté l’Europe des xvi e et xvii e  siècles. Le processus de laïcisation, à la fois du point de vue politique et juridique, s’est déroulé sur plusieurs siècles, à des rythmes et selon des modalités très différents suivant les États considérés. Mais, pour tous les États libéraux qui ont une pratique démocratique et qui fondent leur droit sur le respect des droits humains énoncés universellement à la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la pratique de la laïcité s’est muée en une garantie légale des droits individuels de tous les citoyens, en particulier en ce qui concerne les plus essentiels, comme les droits à la liberté de religion et de conviction, mais aussi à la liberté d’expression. En cela, la laïcité est un principe de gouvernement universel, applicable à l’ensemble de l’humanité sans restriction. Ses formes, en revanche, découlent toujours de l’histoire et des contextes sociaux et culturels hérités dans chacune de ces sociétés.
La laïcité dans le quotidien des militants et des professionnels
Authors: Lyazid Maryvonne
Published: June 2018

Depuis le début des années 2000, on a pu assister à la montée en puissance de l’interrogation du secteur social, sanitaire et médico-social concernant les manifestations du fait religieux dans le cadre de l’accompagnement de personnes et dans l’organisation du travail, et les confusions qui pouvaient en résulter concernant les principes de la laïcité. L’auteur a accompagné un certain nombre des grands acteurs de ces secteurs qui ont mené un travail d’approfondissement. Cet article détaille les cinq convergences sur lesquelles débouchent ces cheminements : la nécessaire volonté politique des dirigeants, l’obligation de passer par le relevé des problématiques rencontrées, la nécessaire réappropriation par tous les acteurs des fondamentaux historiques et juridiques de la laïcité, l’élaboration en commun des outils et l’appui à trouver auprès des sites officiels, en particulier au travers des guides produits, les travaux des fédérations, une bibliographie indicative.
« La laïcité à l’usage des éducateurs » : le site et le s mooc . Présentation et réflexions
Authors: Bouquet Brigitte , Gautellier Christian
Published: June 2018

Le site « La laïcité à l’usage des éducateurs » a été co-créé par les ceméa pour « aider l’ensemble des éducateurs à la laïcité, un devoir historiquement constitutif de la dimension animation et éducation ». Refondu en 2015, Il comporte sept thématiques rappelant le cadre juridique, des arguments, témoignages ou des relations d’expériences. Plus récemment, a été créé un « s mooc  » un «  Massive Open Online Courses  », c’est-à-dire des cours en ligne, gratuits et ouverts à tous (le « s » signifiant « social »). Cette pédagogie, aisément maniable, demande une posture de dialogue, la réflexion autonome de chaque éducateur sur les situations professionnelles rencontrées au quotidien, et apporte des réponses concrètes fondées sur le respect des principes de laïcité et de non-discrimination.
Le bocal de Veyne
Authors: Brossat Alain
Published: June 2018

Nous formons nos pensées, énonçons des jugements et parlons, remarque Paul Veyne, de l’intérieur d’un bocal aux parois transparentes dont nous ignorons l’existence. Aussi éprouvons-nous une grande incrédulité face aux conditions différentes dans lesquelles d’autres, enfermés dans d’autres bocaux, forment leurs pensées, énoncent des jugements, parlent. Nous passons d’un bocal à l’autre, parfois, mais subrepticement, sans nous aviser que les conditions qui rendent possibles nos pratiques du vrai et du faux ont changé. Nous sommes de bien étourdis poissons rouges ou batraciens…Cet article présente quelques unes des conséquences de cette proposition, appliquée à la façon dont nous envisageons la question du « droit à la vie » aujourd’hui, dont nous problématisons l’immunisation nécessaire, sans restriction ni exclusion, du vivant humain – et au delà, de toute forme de vie. Il rappelle combien cette approche s’est récemment imposée à nous et contraste avec toutes sortes d’énoncés qui, hier encore, faisaient autorité…
Le 6 juin 1944. La ligne d’horizon
Authors: Déotte Jean-Louis
Published: June 2018

La question de l’intersubjectivité est toujours partie d’un dilemme : si ego est le foyer irréductible du sens, comment concevoir autrui, l’alter ego ? Comment déduire une multiplicité de foyers d’un foyer originaire ? Pour une philosophie des appareils, la réponse est simple : l’appareil perspectif rend structurellement comparable tous les ego puisque pour le géométral tous les points de vue sont équivalents. À partir de son époque, l’objet et le sujet sont réversibles : ne parle-t-on pas du sujet d’un tableau ou d’un roman comme de son objet ? Dès lors, ce qui sépare deux armées ennemies modernes, la ligne de front, peut être conçue comme l’horizon d’une construction perspective, condition préalable de la position du point de fuite = point du sujet depuis Viator et Desargues. Les ennemis ont un sol commun qui rend possible une nouvelle définition du droit de la guerre (Convention de Genève). Mais pendant la seconde guerre mondiale, cette politique sauvage (Lyotard) a fait irruption au creux de la modernité : les Juifs et les Tziganes n’étaient pas pour les nazis des sujets/objets, mais des poux qu’il fallait faire disparaître. L’humanité est entrée dans l’époque de la disparition (Crime contre l’humanité).
Matérialité nombreuse et spiritualité sans fond dans Les Soprano
Authors: Gharbi Aymen
Published: June 2018

Les prétentions artistiques de la série télé Les Soprano nous ont convaincu qu’elle s’inscrit dans une période nouvelle de l’histoire de la culture de masse, avec tout ce que cela implique de transformations esthétiques fondamentales. Nous mettrons cette période en parallèle avec celle des origines du genre romanesque et de l’apparition du roman-feuilleton, à travers le concept de l’individu problématique de Lucien Goldmann, enrichi par le travail de Jean-Pierre Richard sur la littérature de Flaubert ainsi que la théorie de la réception de Hans Robert Jauss. Nous ferons dans ce sens s’interpénétrer esthétique littéraire, narratologie, analyse filmique, histoire et sociologie afin de montrer que l’œuvre est habitée, de manière aussi bien volontaire qu’involontaire, par certaines contradictions multidimensionnelles, inhérentes aux mutations de la civilisation libérale et que l’Abîme/Chaos/Sans-Fond de Cornelius Castoriadis, par sa richesse conceptuelle, peut contribuer à décrire.
Le théâtre, un « appareil originaire » ?
Authors: Roussel Sophie-Aurore
Published: June 2018

Alors que la perspective semble jouer un rôle fondamental dans la notion de représentation théâtrale, cet article s’attache à montrer que le théâtre est en fait un appareil originaire, fondé sur l’analogie, qui prépare les appareils ultérieurs de type projectif, que sont la perspective et le cinéma. L’étude se fonde sur la tragédie antique et sur ses résurgences dans le théâtre contemporain, analysées comme « acte théâtral » (préférable à « représentation », terme trop lié justement à la perspective) et non comme texte, ce qui oblige à sortir du cadre aristotélicien.
Lefort/Simondon : Invention démocratique, invention technique
Authors: Déotte Jean-Louis
Published: June 2018

L’évolutionnisme radical de Simondon, en particulier sa théorie de la culture technique, fait l’impasse sur les événements de l’histoire des hommes qui sont de l’ordre de l’instauration de nouveaux ordres symboliques ou formes de l’histoire (Lefort). Inversement la philosophie politique de Lefort ne se préoccupe pas des appareils qui ont conditionné la sensibilité collective et donc l’accueil de l’événement politique. Cet article se propose donc de cerner un milieu commun à la politique, à la technique comme à l’esthétique.
Augustin et Tolstoï : confession, littérature, philosophie
Authors: Aydin Mehmet
Published: June 2018

Romancier, conteur, essayiste, pédagogue, prédicateur, penseur politique et religieux, sociologue, philosophe, Tolstoï est une des figures les plus marquantes de la littérature russe et mondiale. Le message universel  de son oeuvre se présente sous des facettes multiples. Nous avons étudié Tolstoï du point de vue philosophique. Notre propos n'est  donc ni littéraire, ni artistique, ni même à proprement parler religieux. C'est à la frontière de toutes ses disciplines que la philosophie entendue comme exercice nous permettra de circuler afin de mettre en évidence l'aspect vivant de cet exercice, tel qu'il est pratiqué aussi par Tolstoï. Le style confessionnel apparaît dans ce cadre comme la clef de l'originalité de l’œuvre tolstoïenne. La confession dans ses relations contradictoires avec la philosophie identifierait l'Occident. Par delà l'abîme historique qui sépare les deux penseurs, Saint-Augustin est un passage obligé pour comprendre la  démarche tolstoïenne. Tolstoï emprunte le genre confessionnel issu d'Augustin.