bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semisupervised Bacterial Heuristic Feature Selection Algorithm for High‐Dimensional Classification with Missing Labels
Authors: Wang Hong , Ou Yikun , Wang Yixin , Xing Tongtong , Tan Lijing
Published: February 2023

Feature selection is a crucial method for discovering relevant features in high‐dimensional data. However, most studies primarily focus on completely labeled data, ignoring the frequent occurrence of missing labels in real‐world problems. To address high‐dimensional and label‐missing problems in data classification simultaneously, we proposed a semisupervised bacterial heuristic feature selection algorithm. To track the label‐missing problem, a k‐nearest neighbor semisupervised learning strategy is designed to reconstruct missing labels. In addition, the bacterial heuristic algorithm is improved using hierarchical population initialization, dynamic learning, and elite population evolution strategies to enhance the search capacity for various feature combinations. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, three groups of comparison experiments based on eight datasets are employed, including two traditional feature selection methods, four bacterial heuristic feature selection algorithms, and two swarm‐based heuristic feature selection algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has obvious advantages in terms of classification accuracy and selected feature numbers.
Expert Opinion on the Diagnosis and Management of Male Hypogonadism in India
Authors: Kalra Sanjay , Jacob Jubbin , Unnikrishnan A. G. , Bantwal Ganapathi , Sahoo Abhay , Sahay Rakesh , Jindal Sushil , Agrawal Madhu Sudan , Kapoor Nitin , Saboo Banshi , Tiwaskar Mangesh , Kochhar Kapil
Published: February 2023

Male hypogonadism (MH) is a clinical and biochemical syndrome caused by inadequate synthesis of testosterone. Untreated MH can result in long-term effects, including metabolic, musculoskeletal, mood-related, and reproductive dysfunction. Among Indian men above 40 years of age, the prevalence of MH is 20%–29%. Among men with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 20.7% are found to have hypogonadism. However, due to suboptimal patient-physician communication, MH remains heavily underdiagnosed. For patients with confirmed hypogonadism (either primary or secondary testicular failure), testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is recommended. Although various formulations exist, optimal TRT remains a considerable challenge as patients often need individually tailored therapeutic strategies. Other challenges include the absence of standardized guidelines on MH for the Indian population, inadequate physician education on MH diagnosis and referral to endocrinologists, and a lack of patient awareness of the long-term effects of MH in relation to comorbidities. Five nationwide advisory board meetings were convened to garner expert opinions on diagnosis, investigations, and available treatment options for MH, as well as the need for a person-centered approach. Experts’ opinions have been formulated into a consensus document with the aim of improving the screening, diagnosis, and therapy of men living with hypogonadism.
Occurrence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Pulmonary Barotrauma in Critically Ill COVID‐19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Al-Dorzi Hasan M. , Almujaydia Haifa , Nazer Reema , Alhusaini Yara , Alhamdan Aminah , Al Jawad Ajyad
Published: February 2023

Objective. Pulmonary barotrauma has been frequently observed in patients with COVID‐19 who present with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. This study evaluated the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of barotrauma in patients with COVID‐19 requiring ICU admission. Methods. This retrospective cohort study included patients with confirmed COVID‐19 who were admitted to an adult ICU between March and December 2020. We compared patients who had barotrauma with those who did not. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of barotrauma and hospital mortality. Results. Of 481 patients in the study cohort, 49 (10.2%, 95% confidence interval: 7.6–13.2%) developed barotrauma on a median of 4 days after ICU admission. Barotrauma manifested as pneumothorax (N = 21), pneumomediastinum (N = 25), and subcutaneous emphysema (N = 25) with frequent overlap. Chronic comorbidities and inflammatory markers were similar in both patient groups. Barotrauma occurred in 4/132 patients (3.0%) who received noninvasive ventilation without intubation, and in 43/280 patients (15.4%) who received invasive mechanical ventilation. Invasive mechanical ventilation was the only risk factor for barotrauma (odds ratio: 14.558, 95% confidence interval: 1.833–115.601). Patients with barotrauma had higher hospital mortality (69.4% versus 37.0%; p < 0.0001) and longer duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay. Barotrauma was an independent predictor of hospital mortality (odds ratio: 2.784, 95% confidence interval: 1.310–5.918). Conclusions. Barotrauma was common in critical COVID‐19, with invasive mechanical ventilation being the most prominent risk factor. Barotrauma was associated with poorer clinical outcomes and was an independent predictor of hospital mortality.
An Inactivated Novel Trivalent Vaccine Provides Complete Protection against FAdV-4 Causing Hepatitis-Hydropericardium Syndrome and FAdV-8b/-11 Causing Inclusion Body Hepatitis
Authors: Song Congcong , Zhao Shiyi , Song Mingzhen , Qiao Qilong , Yang Panpan , Wang Baiyu , Cong Yanfang , Wang Yanling , Liu Hongying , Wang Zeng , Wang Xinwei , Zhao Jun
Published: February 2023

Outbreaks of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) related to FAdV-8b and FAdV-11 have been increased in chickens in China since 2015. Clinical concurrent infections of FAdV-4, FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11 are quite common, yet there are no commercially available trivalent vaccines against infection by these three serotypes. In our previous study, a bivalent vaccine based on a recombinant FAdV-4, of which fiber-1 was replaced with the fiber of FAdV-8b, has been developed. In this study, a novel recombinant rFAdV-4-fiber/8b + 11 was constructed by inserting FAdV-11 fiber gene into the 1966-bp deletion region of rFAdV-4-fiber/8b genome. The in vitro replication ability of the rFAdV-4-fiber/8b + 11 was similar to the parental FAdV-4. One dose immunization with the inactivated rFAdV-4-fiber/8b + 11 vaccine generated robust immune responses against FAdV-4, FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11, and provided efficient clinical protection against FAdV-4, FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11 challenge. This study provides a novel strategy for developing potential trivalent vaccines for the prevention and control of HHS and IBH.
A Small Target Pedestrian Detection Model Based on Autonomous Driving
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhang Shuaifeng , Xin Dongrong , Chen Dewang
Published: February 2023

Since small-target pedestrians account for a small proportion of pixels in images and lack texture features, the feature information of small-target pedestrians is often ignored in the feature extraction process, leading to reduced accuracy and poor robustness. To improve the accuracy of small-target pedestrian detection and the anti-interference ability of the model, a small-target pedestrian detection model that fuses residual networks and feature pyramids is proposed. First, a residual block with a discard layer is constructed to replace the standard residual block in the residual network structure to reduce the complexity of the model computation process and solve the problems of gradient disappearance and explosion in the deep network. Then, feature selection and feature alignment modules are added to the lateral connection part of the feature pyramid to enhance important pedestrian features in the input image, and the multiscale feature fusion capability of the model is enhanced for small-target pedestrians, thereby improving the detection accuracy of small-target pedestrians and solving the problems of feature misalignment and ignored multiscale features in the feature pyramid network. Finally, a cascaded autofocus query module is proposed to increase the inference speed of the feature pyramid network through focusing and querying, thus improving the performance and efficiency of small-target pedestrian detection. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieves better detection results than previous models.
Conditional Matching Preclusion Number of Graphs
Authors: Li Yalan , Zhang Shumin , Ye Chengfu
Published: February 2023

The conditional matching preclusion number of a graph

G

, denoted by

m

p

1

G

, is the minimum number of edges whose deletion results in the graph with no isolated vertices that has neither perfect matching nor almost-perfect matching. In this paper, we first give some sharp upper and lower bounds of conditional matching preclusion number. Next, the graphs with large and small conditional matching preclusion numbers are characterized, respectively. In the end, we investigate some extremal problems on conditional matching preclusion number.
Price-Based Resource Allocation in an UAV-Based Cognitive Wireless Powered Networks
Authors: Zhang Erqing , Yin Sixing , Zhang Zhicai , Qi Yali , Lu Likun , Li Yeli , Liang Kai
Published: February 2023

In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has gained a lot of attention, mostly due to its low cost, flexile deployment, and broad applications in many fields such as military, agriculture, and environment. In this paper, an UAV-based cognitive radio (CR) network with a wireless powered primary user (PU) is investigated, where the UAVs act as the secondary users (SUs). We assume that one transmission time slot is divided into two phases. In the first phase, UAVs transmit information to base station (BS), while the PU harvests energy from the radio frequency (RF) signals, and the second phase is exclusively occupied by PUs for primary transmission. It is assumed that the PU prices the interference energy incurred from the UAVs for the reason that UAVs need to access PU’s licensed spectrum for their transmission. In this paper, we aim at maximizing utilities of UAVs and utility of PU simultaneously. To analyze the interaction between the UAVs and PU, Stackelberg game was adopted where the UAVs act as followers and the PU acts as a leader. An alternating iterative algorithm is proposed to achieve the Stackelberg equilibrium (SE), i.e., transmission power of PU and UAVs, time allocation, and price that PU charge UAVs. According to the simulation results, the proposed scheme can achieve optimal utility in the view of power saving for UAVs while meeting the requirements of the PU which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
An Efficient USE‐Net Deep Learning Model for Cancer Detection
Authors: Almutairi Saad M. , Manimurugan S. , Aborokbah Majed M. , Narmatha C. , Ganesan Subramaniam , Karthikeyan P.
Published: February 2023

Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most common disease in women worldwide. Classifying the BrCa image is extremely important for finding BrCa at an earlier stage and monitoring BrCa during treatment. The computer‐aided detection methods have been used to interpret BrCa and improve the detection of BrCa during the screening and treatment stages. However, if a new BrCa image is generated for the treatment, it will not classify correctly. The main objective of this research is to classify the BrCa images for newly generated images. The model performs preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, and classification. In preprocessing, a hybrid median filtering (HMF) is used to eliminate the noise in the images. The contrast of the images is enhanced using quadrant dynamic histogram equalization (QDHE). Then, ROI segmentation is performed using the USE‐Net deep learning model. The CaffeNet model is used for feature extraction on the segmented images, and finally, classification is made using the improved random forest (IRF) with extreme gradient boosting (XGB). The model obtained 97.87% accuracy, 98.45% sensitivity, 95.24% specificity, 98.96% precision, and 98.70% f1‐score for ultrasound images. The model gives 98.31% accuracy, 99.29% sensitivity, 90.20% specificity, 98.82% precision, and 99.05% f1‐score for mammogram images.
Bioinspired Sandwich Structure in Composite Panels
Authors: Sampathkumar Deepak , Mohankumar Ashokkumar , Teekaraman Yuvaraja , Kuppusamy Ramya , Radhakrishnan Arun
Published: February 2023

The phenomenon of separation into constituent layers connecting the core and laminate of a composite sandwich complex is a vital complication that leads to early failure of such material. The direction of the sandwich construction's exfoliation rigidity is increased between interlaminar low fiber augmentation. The bioinspired technique of hybrid material layers was used on an aluminium face sheet with an interlayer composition of PET foam core and glass fabric of a material that appears to have greater potential as a flimsy substitute for materials currently used in automotive, aeronautical, and marine applications. This examination seeks to develop the making of such material along the retardation in fibre supplements. Fibre bridging has been recognized as an important appliance in the progress of this operating procedure. Consequently, this method points to promoting the event of fibre bridging by differing aggregates, including the mass and extent of augmented fibres and the quantity of epoxy resin applied. A few advancements were made to the production methods, and though the outcomes for the resisting ability of specimens were found to be indecisive, it was found that the layer separation hardness had even improved. This was confirmed through the operation of scanning electron microscopy and also predicted the mechanically peeled material surfaces which identified the adhesive strength variations with respect to the face sheet surface modified with the sand blasting process. The analysis also revealed the need for further research into optimizing the attachment between aluminium sheet and pet foam and glass fabric based hybrid sandwich panels.
[Retracted] Design and Proofreading of the English‐Chinese Computer‐Aided Translation System by the Neural Network
Authors: Liu Yutong , Zhang Shile
Published: February 2023

At present, complete machine translation (MT) cannot meet the needs of information communication and cultural exchange, and the speed of complete human translation is too slow. Therefore, if MT is used to assist in the process of English‐Chinese translation, it can not only prove that machine learning (ML) can translate English to Chinese but also improve the translation efficiency and accuracy of translators through human‐machine cooperation. The research on the mutual cooperation between ML and human translation has an important research significance for translation systems. An English‐Chinese computer‐aided translation (CAT) system is designed and proofread based on a neural network (NN) model. First, it gives a brief overview of CAT. Second, the related theory of the NN model is discussed. An English‐Chinese CAT and proofreading system based on the recurrent neural network (RNN) is constructed. Finally, the translation accuracy and proofreading recognition rate of the translation files of 17 different projects under different models are studied and analyzed. The research results reveal that according to the different translation properties of different texts, the average accuracy rate of text translation under the RNN model is 93.96%, and the mean accuracy of text translation under the transformer model is 90.60%. The translation accuracy of the RNN model in the CAT system is 3.36% higher than that of the transformer model. The English‐Chinese CAT system based on the RNN model has different proofreading results for sentence processing, sentence alignment, and inconsistency detection of translation files of different projects. Among them, the recognition rate for sentence alignment and the inconsistency detection of English‐Chinese translation is high, and the expected effect is achieved. The design of the English‐Chinese CAT and proofreading system based on the RNN can make the translation and proofreading be carried out simultaneously, which greatly improves the efficiency of translation work. Meanwhile, the above research methods can improve the problems encountered in the current English‐Chinese translation, provide a path for the bilingual translation process, and have certain promotion prospects.
Patient Violence towards Mental Health Nurses: A Concept Analysis
Authors: Cho Youngshin , Lim Kyuhee , Kim Heejung
Published: February 2023

Purpose. To analyse the concept of patient violence towards mental health nurses. Design and Methods. A hybrid model was adopted with literature review of 103 studies and interviews with seven mental health nurses. Findings. Patient violence was defined as a violent incident committed by patients towards nurses vulnerable to physical, verbal, emotional, and sexual violence. It was a common and frequent phenomenon with multifactorial causes and is prone to be unreported. Practice Implications. Our study findings function as the conceptual framework to measure patient violence in relevant research and allow policy development to protect mental health nurses at the practice.
To Measure or Not to Measure: Direct Oral Anticoagulant Laboratory Assay Monitoring in Clinical Practice
Authors: Ahuja Tania , Raco Veronica , Bhardwaj Sharonlin , Green David
Published: February 2023

The need for therapeutic drug monitoring of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) remains an area of clinical equipoise. Although routine monitoring may be unnecessary given predictable pharmacokinetics in most patients, there may be altered pharmacokinetics in those with end organ dysfunction, such as those with renal impairment, or with concomitant interacting medications, at extremes of body weight or age, or in those with thromboembolic events in atypical locations. We aimed to assess real-world practices in situations in which DOAC drug-level monitoring was used at a large academic medical center. A retrospective review of the records of patients who had a DOAC drug-specific activity level checked from 2016 to 2019 was included. A total of 119 patients had 144 DOAC measurements (apixaban (n = 62) and rivaroxaban (n = 57)). Drug-specific calibrated DOAC levels were within an expected therapeutic range for 110 levels(76%), with 21 levels (15%) above the expected range and 13 levels (9%) below the expected range. The DOAC levels were checked in the setting of an urgent or emergent procedure in 28 patients (24%), followed by renal failure in 17 patients (14%), a bleeding event in 11 patients (9%), concern for recurrent thromboembolism in 10 patients (8%), thrombophilia in 9 patients (8%), a history of recurrent thromboembolism in 6 patients (5%), extremes of body weight in 7 patients (5%), and unknown reasons in 7 patients (5%). Clinical decision making was infrequently affected by the DOAC monitoring. Therapeutic drug monitoring with DOACs may help predict bleeding events in elderly patients, those with impaired renal function, and in the event of an emergent or urgent procedure. Future studies are needed to target the select patient-specific scenarios where monitoring DOAC levels may impact clinical outcomes.
Usability Evaluation of Dashboards: A Systematic Literature Review of Tools
Authors: Almasi Sohrab , Bahaadinbeigy Kambiz , Ahmadi Hossein , Sohrabei Solmaz , Rabiei Reza
Published: February 2023

Introduction. In recent years, the use of dashboards in healthcare has been considered an effective approach for the visual presentation of information to support clinical and administrative decisions. Effective and efficient use of dashboards in clinical and managerial processes requires a framework for the design and development of tools based on usability principles. Objectives. The present study is aimed at investigating the existing questionnaires used for the usability evaluation framework of dashboards and at presenting more specific usability criteria for evaluating dashboards. Methods. This systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, without any time restrictions. The final search of articles was performed on September 2, 2022. Data collection was performed using a data extraction form, and the content of selected studies was analyzed based on the dashboard usability criteria. Results. After reviewing the full text of relevant articles, a total of 29 studies were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Regarding the questionnaires used in the selected studies, researcher‐made questionnaires were used in five studies, while 25 studies applied previously used questionnaires. The most widely used questionnaires were the System Usability Scale (SUS), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Situation Awareness Rating Technique (SART), Questionnaire for User Interaction Satisfaction (QUIS), Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), and Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale (Health‐ITUES), respectively. Finally, dashboard evaluation criteria, including usefulness, operability, learnability, ease of use, suitability for tasks, improvement of situational awareness, satisfaction, user interface, content, and system capabilities, were suggested. Conclusion. General questionnaires that were not specifically designed for dashboard evaluation were mainly used in reviewed studies. The current study suggested specific criteria for measuring the usability of dashboards. When selecting the usability evaluation criteria for dashboards, it is important to pay attention to the evaluation objectives, dashboard features and capabilities, and context of use.
circFNDC3B Accelerates Vasculature Formation and Metastasis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Xiang , Wang Chenxing , Zhang Hang , Li Yangjie , Hou Deqiang , Liu Dingshan , Xu Rongyao , Cheng Jie , Liu Laikui , Fu Yu , Ye Jinhai , Jiang Hongbing
Published: February 2023

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNA) are involved in cancer metastasis. Further elucidation of the role of circRNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) could provide insights into mechanisms driving metastasis and potential therapeutic targets. Here, we identify a circRNA, circFNDC3B, that is significantly upregulated in OSCC and is positively associated with lymph node (LN) metastasis. In vitro and in vivo functional assays showed that circFNDC3B accelerated the migration and invasion of OSCC cells and the tube-forming capacity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human lymphatic endothelial cells. Mechanistically, circFNDC3B regulated ubiquitylation of the RNA-binding protein FUS and the deubiquitylation of HIF1A through the E3 ligase MDM2 to promote VEGFA transcription, thereby enhancing angiogenesis. Meanwhile, circFNDC3B sequestered miR-181c-5p to upregulate SERPINE1 and PROX1, which drove epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) or partial-EMT (p-EMT) in OSCC cells and promoted lymphangiogenesis to accelerate LN metastasis. Overall, these findings uncovered the mechanistic role of circFNDC3B in orchestrating cancer cell metastatic properties and vasculature formation, suggesting circFNDC3B could be a potential target to reduce OSCC metastasis.

Significance:

Dual functions of circFNDC3B in enhancing the metastatic ability of cancer cells and promoting vasculature formation through regulation of multiple pro-oncogenic signaling pathways drive lymph node metastasis of OSCC.
Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer to the Descending Colon
Authors: Abe Kentaro , Anzai Hiroyuki , Eguchi Satoko , Ikemura Masako , Shinozaki-Ushiku Aya , Shinagawa Takahide , Sonoda Hirofumi , Yoshioka Yuichiro , Nagai Yuzo , Abe Shinya , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki , Yokoyama Yuichiro , Emoto Shigenobu , Murono Koji , Sasaki Kazuhito , Nozawa Hiroaki , Ushiku Tetsuo , Ishihara Soichiro
Published: February 2023

Colonic metastasis from ovarian cancer is extremely rare, with only seven reported cases. A 77-year-old woman who had previously undergone surgery for ovarian cancer was admitted to a local hospital with anal bleeding. Histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of adenocarcinoma. Colonoscopy revealed a descending colon tumor. The patient was diagnosed with Union for International Cancer Control T3N0M0 descending colon cancer or colon metastasis of the ovarian cancer. Laparoscopic left colectomy was performed; intraoperative frozen section diagnosis confirmed metastasis from ovarian cancer, and the absence of invasion to the serosal surface suggested hematogenous metastasis. This is the first case of colonic metastasis from ovarian cancer that was diagnosed using an intraoperative frozen section and laparoscopically treated.
New genera and species of Paraboloponina (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Drabescini) from Indonesia
Authors: LU LIN , ZHANG YALIN
Published: February 2023

Guineapona monolophos gen. & sp. nov. and Canopyana apicospina sp. nov. are described from Indonesia. These two leafhopper genera are placed in the subtribe Paraboloponina, based on the elongate antenna, placement of antennal pits near the upper corners of the eyes and crown with transverse striations or carinae on the anterior margin.
Study on the annealing phase transformation mechanism and electrochemical properties of carbon submicron fibers loaded with cobalt
Authors: Xu Peilong , Yuan Qinghui , Ji Wendong , Yu Ruitao , Wang Fengyun , Huo Ningbo
Published: February 2023

Heterogeneous carbon submicron fibers loaded with Co3O4/Co and elemental cobalt were prepared by electrospinning and annealing processes. The phase transformation mechanism of Co3O4 and elemental cobalt in heterogeneous submicron fibers at
different annealing temperatures was studied. The electrochemical properties of carbon submicron fiber self-supported electrode materials loaded with Co3O4/Co and elemental cobalt were investigated. The experimental results show that the submicron fibers loaded with Co3O4/Co
have better electrochemical performance because Co3O4 has large capacitance, the improved electro conductibility of cobalt metal, and the cellular structure of carbon submicron fibers, which provide sufficient ion transport channels while alleviating the changes in the
structure and volume of Co3O4 during the cycle.
Magnetic nanoparticle-assisted detection of peripheral blood miRNA biomarker characteristics in syphilis
Authors: Zhang Zhizhi , Hu Weizhong , Yu Jiajie , Luo Qingqiong
Published: February 2023

Syphilis is a chronic, systemic, transmitted disease that is highly infectious and harmful. This study was established to analyze the specificity of miRNA in distinguishing patients at different stages of syphilis, so as to provide a theoretical basis for using miRNA as a new diagnostic
marker of this disease. The data were collected on patients with secondary syphilis (SS, n = 44) and early latent syphilis (ELS, n = 35) at Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital from March 2017 to March 2021, along with 46 healthy volunteers during the same period as healthy controls.
We screened out miRNAs that might be differentially expressed in patients at different stages of syphilis on high-throughput sequencing technology, and then used magnetic nanoparticle-assisted qRT-PCR to verify their expression in the three groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve
analysis showed that miR-125a-3p could be used to distinguish the normal population from patients with syphilis. Meanwhile, miR-185-3p and miR-660-3p could be used to distinguish patients with ELS and SS, respectively. The combined diagnostic sensitivity of miR-185-3p and miR-660-3p was higher
than that of each of these alone. Next, the toluidine red unheated serological test (TRUST) titers in the three groups were determined, with the analysis showing that miR-125a-3p did not have the ability to distinguish patients with different TRUST titers, while miR-185-3p and miR-660-3p levels
decreased with increasing TRUST titer, indicating that the levels of miR-185-3p and miR-660-3p also had good diagnostic ability of TP activity. In conclusion, miRNA is differentially expressed in patients with syphilis at different stages of the disease and has good potential as a biomarker
of syphilis. The combined use of miRNA increases the sensitivity for diagnosing syphilis at different stages.
Engineering sialic acid-coated mesoporous polydopamine nanomaterials for MRI-guided photothermal-enhanced synergistic effect chemodynamic lung cancer therapy
Authors: Lin Yijie , Wang Junsong
Published: February 2023

The mortality and morbidity rates of lung cancer are extremely high. Thus, the development of efficient diagnostic and therapeutic agents for lung cancer is warranted. We aimed to construct a new theranostic drug based on mesoporous polydopamine (MP) for dual T1/T2 magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI)-guided chemo-photothermal chemotherapy. MP-nanomaterials (MP-NMs) loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanomaterials (MP@SPIONs) were co-loaded with sialic acid (SA) and Fe3+ (SA-MP@SPION/Fe3+). Subsequently, SA-MP@SPION/Fe3+/CTX was engineered
for tumor theranostics using a cabazitaxel (CTX)-loaded prodrug. MTT analysis revealed that PEG-SA-MP@SPION/Fe3+/CTX was water soluble and biocompatible. Further, the new theranostic agent was demonstrated to have a great photothermal conversion/stability, with relaxivity of r1
= 4.31 mM−1s−1 and r2 = 104.64 mM−1s−1, respectively, based on its in vitro photothermal and relaxivity ability. SA-MP@SPION/Fe3+/CTX efficiently encapsulated CTX, enabling both pH- and
thermally-induced drug release. Notably, SA-MP@SPION/Fe3+/CTX was found to efficiently target lung cancer cells in vitro. Moreover, SA-MP@SPION/Fe3+/CTX exhibited more accurate dual-mode T1-T2 contrast imaging, unlike those that did not undergo SA alteration, and
exerted a more significant therapeutic efficacy owing to its dynamic targeting capabilities and the combination of chemotherapy and photothermal treatment based on SA-MP@SPION/Fe3+/CTX NMs. According to our findings, the targeted nanoplatform, SA-MP@SPION/Fe3+/CTX, is
an excellent tumor theranostic tool that could be effectively applied for lung cancer treatment.
Synthesis of Fe3O4nanoparticles encapsulated with orange pectin for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers
Authors: Zong Haitao , Zhang Suyun , Zangeneh Mohammad Mahdi , Hemmati Saba , Zangeneh Akram , Saremi Shokoufeh Ghahri , Ahany Kamangar Sheida , Pirhayati Mozhgan
Published: February 2023

The current work reports a unique bio-inspired synthesis of orange derived pectin modified magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs). Pectin is a naturally occurring biopolymer containing plethora of polar organofunctions which are exploited in the toxic reagent free modification of biocompatible magnetic NPs and also towards the stabilization of NPs by preventing them from agglomeration. The physicochemical properties of the as-prepared bio-nanocomposite (Fe3O4@Pectin) was analytically investigated through SEM, EDX, TEM, VSM and XRD. The anti-gastrointestinal system cancers and cytotoxic potentials of synthesized NPs against cancer cell lines were assessed. The anti-gastrointestinal system cancers potentials of the NPscould significantly remove (HT-29, HCT 116, Ramos.2G6.4C10, HCT-8 (Colorectal cancer)), (Capan-2, AsPC-1, CFPAC-1, HPAF-II (Pancreatic cancer)), (GC1436, GC1401, AGS, and GC1415 (Gastric cancer)) cell lines by MTT assay. The corresponding IC50 were found as 13, 8, 16, 15, 11, 12, 15, 15, 23, 36, 30, and 23μg/mL against HT-29, HCT 116, Ramos.2G6.4C10, HCT-8, Capan-2, AsPC-1, CFPAC-1, HPAF-II, GC1436, GC1401, AGS, and GC1415 cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of Fe3O4@Pectin NPswas determined by DPPH method which displayeda significant activity as per IC50 value. It is believed that the antioxidant effects play a significant role in the considerable anti-colorectal, pancreatic and gastric cancerseffects.
ZnO nanorods assembled microflower-based gas sensor for detecting formaldehyde
Authors: Umar Ahmad , Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Alhamami Mohsen A. , Algadi Hassan , Ahmed Faheem , Hussain S. , Fouad Hassan , Akbar Sheikh
Published: February 2023

Herein, we report the facile hydrothermal synthesis and characterizations of ZnO nanorods assembled microflowers and their efficient sensing application for the detection of formalydehyde gas. The synthesized ZnO microflowers were examined by several techniques. The scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) was employed to evaluate the surface morphology, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis for the crystal structure while the Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR), and Raman-scattering spectroscopy were employed to understand the functional groups in the synthesized material. The
optical properties were evaluated by UV-visible spectroscopy Furthermore, the synthesized ZnO microflowers were used as a functional material to fabricate formaldehyde gas sensor which exhibited a high gas response of 113.36 (Rg/Ra) towards 50 ppm formaldehyde
gas at 200 °C. The observed response and recovery times for the fabricated sensor were ∼65 s and ∼117 s, respectively. Finally, the enhancement of gas-sensing performance and mechanism were thoroughly discussed. This work revealed that simply prepared ZnO nanostructures can be
used to fabricate high-performance gas sensors.
Potential Loss of Predictability in the Numerical Weather Prediction from the Reduced Spatial Coverage of the Polar-Orbiting Satellite Observing System
Authors: Noh Young-Chan , Huang Hung-Lung , Goldberg Mitchell D. , Choi Yonghan
Published: February 2023

To provide global coverage for the hyperspectral infrared (IR) and microwave (MW) sounders, the low-Earth-orbiting (LEO) satellite constellation is in operation in three temporally well-spaced sun-synchronous orbits. However, the satellite program can be altered as a result of aging satellites needing to deorbit and/or termination of the legacy program, resulting in less spatiotemporal coverage. In this study, to stress the contribution of IR and MW sounder observations from the LEO satellite constellation on numerical weather prediction (NWP) system performance, the change of the analysis impact is assessed under two assumptions: 1) the loss of the IR and MW sounder observations in each of three sun-synchronous orbits and 2) the loss of the secondary LEO satellite in two orbits, using a 2017 version of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Global Forecast System (GFS). In the analysis verification, it is found that the analysis field is degraded due to the loss of the IR and MW sounders in each of the three primary orbits. In particular, the satellites in the afternoon orbit significantly contribute to improving the analysis as compared with the satellites in the other two orbits. In addition, the loss of the secondary satellite results in significant degradation of the analysis, resulting from reduced spatial coverage by the IR and MW sounders. These results suggest that the LEO satellite constellation, consisting of the LEO satellites in three primary sun-synchronous orbits, should be maintained in terms of the contribution to the NWP.

Significance Statement

Hyperspectral infrared (IR) and microwave (MW) sounders from low-Earth-orbiting (LEO) satellites significantly contribute to improving numerical weather forecasting. Nevertheless, the resiliency of the LEO satellite programs, operating in three sun-synchronous orbits, can be compromised by aging satellites needing to deorbit and/or termination of legacy satellite systems. Thus, to highlight the importance of the IR and MW sounder observations from LEO satellites in terms of numerical weather forecasting, we assessed the analysis impact of these observations with diverse satellite data availability scenarios. In the trial experiments, it is demonstrated that analysis performance is significantly degraded if the IR and MW sounders are lost, suggesting that the satellite programs carrying the IR and MW sounders should be maintained seamlessly in the future.
From Palm Leaves to Thermoplastic Polyurethanes—The History of Vascular Catheter Development and Use
Authors: Caballero Samantha I. , Lodin Daud , Young Alexander J. , Gatewood Matthew , Buicko Jessica L.
Published: February 2023

Vascular catheterization procedures are performed on millions of patients in the United States annually. Diagnostic and therapeutic, these procedures allow for the detection and treatment of diseased vessels. The use of catheters, however, is no new phenomenon. Ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans constructed tubes from hollow reeds and palm leaves to be tunneled through the vasculature of cadavers to study cardiovascular system function, while eighteenth century English physiologist Stephen Hales used a brass pipe cannula to perform the first central vein catheterization on a horse. In 1963, American surgeon Thomas Fogarty developed a balloon embolectomy catheter, while in 1974, German cardiologist Andreas Grüntzig developed a more refined angioplasty catheter using polyvinyl chloride with improved rigidity. Vascular catheter material has since continued to evolve and is tailored to the specific needs of the procedure but would not have been possible without its rich and diverse history of development.
Gastrojejunal Fistula Following Gastrostomy Tube
Authors: Morgan Alexandra D. , Griffin Ashlee M. , Iwuchukwu Chinenye O.
Published: February 2023

Gastrostomy tubes are often placed in patients with poor voluntary intake, oropharyngeal dysphagia, or chronic illness to provide definitive nutritional access. Despite the widespread use of gastrostomy tubes, some patients can experience complications associated with this procedure including gastrocolic-cutaneous fistula and dislodgement of gastrostomy tube. This case discusses an instance of gastrojejunal fistula formation over one year after gastrostomy tube placement likely due to tube dislodgement. Imaging showed gastrostomy tube traversing the posterior wall of the stomach and creating a fistula into the jejunum, with the balloon inflated within the jejunum. Gastrostomy tube was removed and replaced, with gastrostomy tube study showing no extravasation of contrast. Patient is now doing well-tolerating tube feeds at goal.
Giant Pancreatic Lymphangioma Herniating Above the Diaphragm
Authors: Zeineddin Suhail , Feng Winnie A. , Mazraani Maurice , Del Prado Paul
Published: February 2023

Lymphangiomas of pancreatic origin are rare and can often be found with abdominal symptoms or incidentally on imaging. A 46-years-old female presented with epigastric abdominal pain and vomiting, and twenty-pound weight loss over 3 months. Computed tomography of the abdomen showed a septated mass of the distal pancreas measuring 25.4 cm in largest diameter and extending superiorly into the mediastinum via a hiatal hernia. Endoscopic ultrasound demonstrated abutment but no invasion of the esophagus and stomach. She underwent an exploratory laparotomy with retroperitoneal mass excision, distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, and hiatal hernia repair with Dor fundoplication. Pathology was consistent with a cystic lymphangioma. Patient was discharged on postoperative day 3 and remained recurrence free for over a year.
The Debatable Ending: יו‎ or ה‎
Authors: Chia Philip Suciadi
Published: February 2023

Modern translations are influenced by the debatable ending of יו‎ or ה‎ of Proverbs 30:19. German Bible translations such as – Zürcher Bibel, the German Einheitsübersetzung der Heiligen Schrift, the German Elberfelder Bibel revidierte Fassung 1993, the German Darby Unrevidierte Elberfelder 1905, and Textbibel von Kautzsch und Weizsäcker – have Frau (woman) or Mädchen (girl) or Jungfrau (virgin). These translations demonstrate that the favorable reading is girl (woman or virgin) because it is influenced by the ending of ה‎. The debatale ending of יו‎ or ה‎ is noticeable in English Bible translations. The ending of ה‎ is followed by most of English Bible translations such as King James Version [KJV], American Standard Version [ASV], New International Version [NIV], English Standard Version [ESV]. Good News Translation [GNB] interprets it as the love story between a man and a woman. Aramaic Bible in Plain English, Young’s Literal Translation [YLT], Brenton Septuagint Translation, Douay-Rheims Bible [DRB], and Literal Standard Version [LST] read the ending of יו‎. Therefore, their translations are in his youth. This research argues for the ending of יו‎ or in his youth as the original reading with the usage of textual criticism and the syntactical analysis of Proverbs 30:19 as its methodology.
View of the Work Community and Vocational Rehabilitation Services Among Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Doran Julie D. , McCrary Samantha G. , Morrison Blaise M. , Hiruma Laura S. , Chan Dara V.
Published: February 2023

Many adults diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face challenges in establishing and maintaining employment. These difficulties may be related to ASD symptomology or employer attitudes; however, vocational rehabilitation (VR) can provide employment-related resources. This study sought to understand how adults with ASD view their integration into workplace communities and VR services. Qualitative data were collected from 24 U.S. adults with ASD, and analysis identified themes surrounding the importance of workplace contributions, interesting work, and positive workplace relationships contributing to feeling integrated into the workplace community. Responses were also examined for perspectives on the role of VR in supporting workplace integration. Findings indicate the importance of attending to individual employment preferences and the need for long-term VR follow-along services to explore opportunities for employment growth. Implications and future recommendations for research and practice are also discussed.
A non-destructive, environment-friendly method for separating and recycling polyamide 6 from waste and scrap polyamide 6 blended textiles
Authors: Qianhui Xu , Hongmei Hu , Ruishu Zhu , Lina Sun , Jianyong Yu , Xueli Wang
Published: February 2023

Recycling their trash has garnered significant scientific interest as the use of waste and scrap (Was) polyamide 6 (PA6) blended textiles rises. Based on the complexation and decomplexation of PA6 with Ca2+, an investigation was conducted into the possibility of selectively and nondestructively dissolving and recovering PA6 and separating another component from Was PA6 blended models using CaCl2/ethanol/water (CEW) solvents. It was found through experiments that the dissolution of PA6 in CEW was related to temperature and stirring speed; the optimum conditions were chosen to be 75°C, 2 h, and 300 r/min, under which 94.80 wt% of Was PA6 textiles could be dissolved. Results also revealed that PA6 could be reprecipitated by simply adding water, whereas Ca2+ could be significantly removed by washing. The PA6 may be separated without degradation by controlled complexation and decomplexation, and the performance of Recycled PA6 (RPA6) was nearly identical to Was PA6 textiles. In addition, the two-component blended models experience non-destructive separation and recovery, and CEW treatment has little impact on the other components (except PA6). In this study, it is demonstrated that different types of Was PA6 blended textiles could be successfully separated via CEW treatment. Furthermore, the solvent system comprises easily accessible, low-cost materials that are widely used in industrial-scale processes. Thus, the concept will make a significant contribution to a green textile recycling strategy.
Attention-Gate-based U-shaped Reconstruction Network (AGUR-Net) for color-patterned fabric defect detection
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Wang Shihao , Lu Shuai , Yao Le , Hu Yibo
Published: February 2023

Color-patterned fabrics possess changeable patterns, low probability of defective samples, and various forms of defects. Therefore, the unsupervised inspection of color-patterned fabrics has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of fabric defect detection. However, due to the redundant information of skip connections in the network and the limitation of post-processing, the current reconstruction-based unsupervised fabric defect detection methods have difficulty in detecting some defects of color-patterned fabrics. In this article, we propose an Attention-Gate-based U-shaped Reconstruction Network (AGUR-Net) and a dual-threshold segmentation post-processing method. AGUR-Net consists of an encoder, an Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling module and an attention gate weighted fusion residual decoder. The encoder is used to obtain more representative features of the input image via EfficientNet-B2. The Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling module is used to enlarge the receptive field of the network and introduce multi-scale information into the decoder. The attention-gate-weighted residual fusion decoder is used to fuse the features of the encoder with the features of the decoder to obtain the reconstructed image. The dual-threshold segmentation post-processing is used to obtain the final defect detection results. Our method achieves a precision of 59.38%, a recall of 59.1%, an F1 of 54.31%, and an intersection-over-union ratio of 41.18% on the public dataset YDFID-1. The experimental results show that the proposed method can better detect and locate the defects of color-patterned fabrics compared with several other state-of-the-art unsupervised fabric defect detection methods.
The Far-Right Takeover in Brazil: Effects on the Health Agenda
Authors: Fedatto Maíra S.
Published: February 2023

On October 28, 2018, the far-right populist Jair Bolsonaro won Brazilian elections against the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party—PT) candidate Fernando Haddad after a vigorous social-media campaign reinforced by fake news. In a context of economic crisis, escalating violence, and corruption scandals and a polarized population, Bolsonaro’s authoritarian inclinations and reactionary rhetoric were concerns from several perspectives, mainly regarding the environment, education, human rights, health, and even the young Brazilian democracy. In particular, the Mais Médicos program, the national drug policy, and the HIV/AIDS Department have all been negatively influenced by his anticommunist rhetoric and the alarming escalation of evangelical conservatism. The militarization of his supporters in terms of moral values challenges the future of the secular state and therefore its substantial gains in international cooperation for health. With his approval rate falling and an international health crisis under way, Bolsonaro may not have an easy path ahead of him, and neither will the Brazilian population.

No dia 28 de outubro de 2018, o populista da extrema direita, Jair Bolsonaro, ganhou as eleições contra o candidato do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), Fernando Haddad, depois uma campanha enérgica baseada em redes sociais e reforçada por notícias falsas. Num âmbito que inclui uma crise econômica, uma escalada de violência, escândalos de corrupção e uma população polarizada, as tendências autoritárias e retórica reacionária de Bolsonaro apresentam desafios com respeito a muitos temas como o meio ambiente, a educação, direitos humanos, a saúde, e mesmo a democracia jovem do Brasil. O programa Mais Médicos, a política antidrogas e o Departamento de VIH/Sida, em particular, foram negativamente influenciados pela retórica anticomunista e pela alarmante expansão do conservadorismo evangélico. A militarização dos seguidores de Bolsonaro em termos de valores morais ameaça o futuro do estado secular e, por conseguinte, seus ganhos significativos na área de cooperação internacional com relação à saúde. Com sua índice de aprovação em declínio e uma crise internacional de saúde que está atualmente em curso, não podendo ser fácil para Bolsonaro e nem para a população brasileira nos anos a seguir.