bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Value Engineering Based on the Comprehensive Weights in Construction Project Bidding
Authors: Gu Lian Sheng , Hu Ming Hua , Hu Peng
Published: September 2011

The bid assessment method is adopted in conducting qualitative indicators in the quantitative process, lack of a scientific and reasonable conversion method.Against these problems of the project evaluation methods, the value of the project will be introduced in the bid assessment mechanism, considering the project features and costs, integrating comprehensive weight method to quantify the weight of sub-functional evaluation of bidders value target.And it make the evaluation method is more scientific, reasonable and conducive to achieve optimal project value.
Studies on the Efficiency of the CFG Pile-Net Reinforcement in the Soft Soil Subgrade
Authors: Zhang Feng , Xu Zhao Yi , Li Zhi Yi
Published: September 2011

Combined with Wuhan test section of Wuhan-Guangzhou passenger special line, proportioning of mixtures、integrity of pile、bearing capacity and cushion of CFG pile detection technology were studied in this paper. The systematic and perfect methods of quality detection and control standard have been put forward. It provide useful reference for practical engineering．
Exploring the Impact: Employees’ Work Intension for International Projects
Authors: Chen Jieh Haur , Lin Jia Zheng
Published: September 2011

It has been found that it is often difficult for expatriates to work on international projects as their companies expand into foreign construction markets. The study aims at exploring impact and change in employees’ work intension for international projects. The selected companies are all engineering consulting firms because an increase of performing international projects either inland or overseas has been spotted in Taiwan. A total of 21 impact factors are found based on literature review, expert interviews, nationwide survey, and statistical analysis. The results show two conclusions: (1.) Three levels of impact are determined; (2.) The core impact factors suggest practitioners paying more attention on the following conditions of international projects — protest, weak environmental health, strong personal loneliness, extreme religion, shortage of child care, and insufficient repatriation plan. The contributions are expected to benefit employers to save recourse so as to select the most suitable employees for expatriation.
Demand Analysis of Direct-Drinking Water for Wanlu Lake and Simulated Research on Pricing Strategy
Authors: Huang Chong Yin , Xiong Xin Sheng , Zhao Yong , Shan Li
Published: September 2011

There is no precedent in China which supplies uniform drinking water for a city or a group of cities, thus to study drinking-water pricing for Wanlu Lake has realistic and application values. Firstly this paper analyses sensitivities of water prices and installation fees on drinking-water demand. And then based on constraints of net asset profit margins and debt service coverage ratio four pricing strategies are given. Finally, simulations are made and reasonable water prices are discussed for each strategy, which provides references for developing of the direct-drinking water project for Wanlu Lake.
Evaluation Modeling for Construction Safety Management with Multi-Criteria Decision Support System
Authors: Li Cheng Hua , Yun Xiao Hong , Mao Hui
Published: September 2011

Owing to the increasing complexity in the construction safety management, integrating experts' knowledge and experiences to make appropriate decisions is a commonly used method. Decision making problem is the process of finding the best option from all of the feasible alternatives. In this paper, non-structural fuzzy decision support system (NSFDSS) was applied in the prioritization of evaluation criteria based on some additional advantages identified. Finally, a numerical example which was drawn from the national standard in China is used to illustrate the procedure of the proposed approach.
Analyzing Risks in Public Relationships with Different Stakeholders in an EPC Project Overseas from the Aspect of Contractors
Authors: Gong Liang
Published: September 2011

The aim of this research is to investigate the risks in public relationships with different stakeholders in an EPC project overseas from the aspect of contractors. All types of relationships and the relationship risks lying in them are listed, risk responses are recommended correspondingly by putting forwards several major methods. Specifically, risks in contractors and owners are analyzed in this paper. The data collection instrument was an item sequence scored by 11 professors in Tianjin University who had comprehensive understandings about the stakeholders’ relationships in an EPC project abroad. Ways to response to these risks are also recommended by these professors. Chinese corporations undertaking the EPC projects overseas may utilize these findings to identify the risks in public relationships and adopt proper measures to avoid these risks to ensure a successful EPC project overseas.
Dynamic Assessment Model of Construction Safety Management Based on SPA and Markov Chain
Authors: Chen Shun Liang , Huang Qing , Guo Jing Yuan
Published: September 2011

the set pair analysis method that deal with uncertain problem of system and Markov chain theory that research the transition law of system state was appled to establish the dynamic assessment model for safety management of bridge construction. Taking a bridge construction project as an example, this paper conduct a dynamic assessment through five time intervals and come to a conclusion that the assessment results are general and they need rectification, but the system state is developing into a favourable level. And the evaluate results verify the rationality of the model.
Experimental Study on New Methods for Strengthening Shear Capacity of Concrete Beam
Authors: Cheng Bo , Ran Qun
Published: September 2011

This paper puts forward a new strengthening method in case of insufficient shear capacity of concrete beam, i.e. it adopts the after- anchor steel bar to be fixed in the shear area of concrete beam to play the role of stirrup or bent-up steel bar shearing resistance , and makes testal study on this by making test specimens. The results show that compared with the unreinforced construction members, after the reinforcement with this method, the existence of post-anchor stirrup delays the development of cracks, increases the cracking load, reduces the crack width under the same loads, changing the wide and sparse cracks to fine and dense cracks, shows good stress state and greatly improves the shear capacity of beam; considering the test phenomenon that the stress of post-anchor stirrup is relatively lagged behind, in terms of calculation method, this reinforcement method adopts calculation formula of bent-up steel bar shearing resistance of the concrete beam and estimates the bearing capacity after slight improvement, the calculation results being close to the measured values and having a certain emergency capacity; the anchoring of reinforcement materials in this method is featured with good effects, clear transmission and simple construction and a certain pre-stress could be imposed to better develop the feature of high tensile strength of reinforcement materials.
A New Type of Coupled Shear Wall Structure System with Buckling-Restrained Brace Steel Coupling Beam
Authors: Sun Wei Dong , Sha Yong
Published: September 2011

This paper introduces the status quo and development trend of coupling beam structure system at home and abroad, proposes a new type of buckling-restrained brace steel coupling beam structure system and puts forward main problems to be studied regarding the structure systems of buckling-restrained brace steel coupling beam and coupled shear wall with buckling-restrained brace steel coupling beam.
Effect of Granulated Rubber-Soil Mixture on Reducing Retaining Walls Displacement under Earthquake Forces
Authors: Rahmani Firoozjani Y. , Marandi S. M. , Kermani S. Sani
Published: September 2011

In recent years, various studies have been undertaken on how to use waste materials in Civil Engineering projects. Among waste materials, waste rubber has been highlighted to be used for different purposes such as reinforcing of soil and making of reinforced slopes. To investigate the properties of granulated rubber-soil mixture and its application in making of slopes behind retaining walls, some series of cyclic tri-axial tests and numerical analyses were carried out. In the former, dynamic properties of granulated rubber-soil mixture such as shear modulus and dynamic behavior were obtained and in the latter the effect of using granulated rubber-soil mixture on dynamic pressures and displacement of retaining walls during earthquake was investigated. The results of the present study showed that for all the confining pressures, with an increase in rubber percentage, shear modulus decreases while for any percentage of rubber inclusion, shear modulus increases as the confining pressure increases. In addition, new relations were introduced to define maximum shear modulus (Gmax) and Normalized shear modulus as functions of confining pressure and granulated rubber percentage. Regarding the dynamic analyses of the retaining wall, with an increase in rubber percentage, a decrease in dynamic pressure and residual displacement was observed.
Estimation Theory on Cable’s Diameter in Pre-Stressed Mega Brace and Steel Frame Structure
Authors: Gu Sheng , Tang Bai Jian , Shao Jian Hua
Published: September 2011

According to the superposition principle of building structure, the lateral deformation mode of pre-stressed mega bracing-steel frame structure was analyzed, then the relation between the structural maximum inter-story drift and cross section area of cable was further established. Based on the area of cable derived by the design target value of inter-story drift, the qualitative estimation theory on cross section area of the cable is finally determined.
Influence of Simplified Models on Seismic Response Analysis of Wind Turbine Towers
Authors: Wang Lai , Zhang Ying
Published: September 2011

Abstract. The dynamic response of wind turbine tower under earthquake is analyzed by aid of the ANSYS program in this paper. To investigate the effects of simplification calculation models of blades and engines on calculation results, a blades-tower integrated finite element (FE) model and a mass-tower finite element (FE) model are established respectively. Then model analysis is discussed and the time history analysis of the system under the input of mean value earthquake record is carried out. The results show that seismic responses of a wind turbine tower are remarkable and seismic action may be the dominant factor in the design of wind turbine towers that located at a seismically active zone. Torsion effect of a tower is evident as a result of the impact of mass eccentricity. Bottom stress at the direction perpendicular to seismic waves is much bigger than that along it. It is also found that the blades-tower integrated finite element model can reflect more accurately the dynamic responses of the tower in the whole process of the earthquake and the “time-lag” effect by comparison, and these provide reliable reference to design and further research of towers.
Numerical Study on Thermal Field in Concrete with Cooling Pipe Based on the Coupling Method
Authors: Lu Yu Lin , Lu Tao , Wang Li , Wang Zhen Yu , Zhao Pei Pei
Published: September 2011

A finite element method was developed to reveal the thermal characteristics of concrete with a cooling pipe, and the influence of cooling pipe on thermal field was calculated by the coupled fluid flow and solid heat transfer method. Temperature distribution along the pipeline was calculated and the mean Nusselt numbers on each section in the cooling pipe also were obtained. Numerical results show that the flow field and the temperature distribution were very complexly and the heat transfer was severely attenuated in the bend position, the outboard temperature of pipe was higher than the inboard temperature. In addition, in order to study the effect of the cooling pipe on thermal distribution, the temperature of different positions at the hydration time were compared with the no cooling results. The present results could be helpful to predict the temperature cracks in structure engineering.
Analysis of Steel-Concrete Composite Structure Element
Authors: Dong Chang Zhou , Qu Chen
Published: September 2011

The structure of eccentric degenerated 3-D shell element of thin-wall steel tube concrete composite structure and the connection with 3-D block isoparametric element has been discussed using finite element method. Without considering the intensity limit of delamination damage of the two materials, an integrated stiffness matrix is formed with the combination of stiffness matrix of steel-wall shell element and that of concrete spatial block element. In order to make the superposition rule may be used at the joint of 8-node curved shell element and 20-node block element, an eccentric 8-node shell element is constructed.
Bionics and Building Structure
Authors: Zhang Qian , Chen Zhi Hua , Wang Xiao Dun
Published: September 2011

After billions of years of evolution, the form, structure, function, behavior and other aspects of living things in the nature have been optimized, designers imitate this advantages to make the bionics melt into structure, then biomimetic structure came to being. On the basis of some examples, this paper establishes two different classification methods of biomimetic structure--according to different imitating objects and different imitating aims, and presents the conception of form-finding bionics, takes tree structure as an example to analyze.
Computer Simulation Research on Dislocation Steel Joints Used in Rebuilding Ancient Tower
Authors: Zhao Xi , Lei Jian Ping , Lu Guo Yun , Lei Hong Gang
Published: September 2011

For rebuilding an ancient tower at province Gansu, the structure of dislocation steel joints was used make the tower having filtering contraction shape. For this kind of dislocation steel joints structure, there are no relevant calculation regulations in the Code for design of steel structures in China. To investigate the mechanical characteristics of the joints and ensure the safety of the joints and the whole structure under the applied and seismic load, the computer simulation research on the dislocation steel joint was carried out according to the design requirement. Under the extensive analysis the comprehensive understanding of the mechanical characteristics of the dislocation steel joints was obtained and the reference basis for design was provided.
Finite Element Analysis on Profiled Steel Sheet and Concrete Composite Slab
Authors: Liu Li , Yi Ji Bin , Wang Fang
Published: September 2011

This paper adopts the ANSYS software to establish the profiled steel sheet and concrete composite slab finite element model. Numerical simulation is made to the composite slab in the whole process from initial loading to loading failure with reasonable Stimulation material and constitutive relations. The result of the calculation shows that promoting the strength of the concrete can largely promote the bearing capacity of the concrete, and the influence of the strength grade of the profiled steel sheet to the bearing capacity of the composite slab is smaller. The experimental result and test result accord well, testifying the reasonability of the established finite element and provide new method and way for simulating the load bearing process of composite slab.
Numerical Simulation Study of Coal Gangue Piles Influence on the Wind Pressure Distributions of Coal Reservoir Roofing
Authors: Yin Zhi Xiang , Zhang Cheng Jie
Published: September 2011

The influence of the wind coefficient distribution on coal reservoirs for coal gangue is very important to its wind-resistance design. Take a real coal reservoir in Ordos for example, the wind pressure is numerically simulated with the help of Fluent Software. Because of the coal gangue piples, the average wind coefficient absolute obviously reduced under most of the wind directions, but the local area on the surface and leeward side the average wind coefficient absolute will increase significantly under the certain wind directions. Anyhow, the coal gangue is important to the wind pressure distributions of the coal reservoir and can't ignore its effect in the actual engineering design and should be given more attention.
Experimental Research on Seismic Behavior of Interior Joints of Specially Shaped Columns Reinforced by Fiber
Authors: Rong Xian , Zhang Jian Xin , Li Yan Yan
Published: September 2011

Based on the low cyclic loading experiments on three interior joints with specially shaped columns, in which one of them was reinforced by polypropylene fiber in the core zone of joint, another steel fiber, the other was not reinforced, the authors compare the results in terms of damage characteristic, bearing capacity, displacement and ductility, hysteretic curve of the moment-rotation, rigidity degradation and energy dissipation. It is shown that seismic behavior of specially shaped column interior joints reinforced by fiber is improved significantly. The interior joint of specially shaped column reinforced by polypropylene fiber has a better damage characteristic and energy dissipation while that by steel fiber shows a higher yield load and bearing capacity.
Internal Force Calculation Method of the Steel Portal Frames with End-Plate Bolted Connections
Authors: Liu Xiu Li , Wang Yan
Published: September 2011

Simplified calculation of initial stiffness of end-plate bolted connections is given in the paper. Considering the influence of the end-plate bolted connections to the internal force of the steel portal frames, the modified elastic calculation of internal force is suggestted. Comparing with the finite element calculation results of different span steel portal frames, the calculated value is agree with the finite element calculation results. End-plate bolted connections are semi-rigid connections, and the flexibility of the connections affects the behavior of the frames, the internal force of rigid frames should be modified when semi-rigid connections used. The modified elastic calculation of internal force of the steel portal frames with end-plate bolted connections is simple and has good agree with the finite element results, which can give reference to engineering design.
Numerical Analysis of Steel Fiber Reinforced High Strength Concrete Walls Subjected to Blasting Load
Authors: Li Nan , Wei Xue Ying , Huang Tuo , Shi Ming Jun
Published: September 2011

In this paper, the dynamic response of concrete wall and steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete (SFRHSC) wall under blast load is simulated with the explicit dynamic finite element method. The J-H-C model is used for SFRHSC and the material parameters are determined based on the test results. The damage and strain rate effects are considered in above material model. The influences of scaled distance on the dynamic responses of walls are investigated and discussed.
Analysis of Mechanical Performance Considering Damage Accumulation of Intersecting Joints in Steel Structures
Authors: Fan Bao Feng , Yang Na , Yang Qing Shan , Gardner Leroy
Published: September 2011

The mechanical behaviors of intersecting joints considering damage accumulation in steel tube structures is analyzed through the FE-program ABAQUS. The stress characteristic and failure modes of these joints are concluded. Especially, it has been analyzed influence of the change of geometric parameters to mechanical behavior of joints. Finally, the results indicate the joints have a good mechanical performance and good plastic deformation as to excessive local buckling of chord under the loads.
Damage Identification of Cracked Pipes Based on Reflection Characteristics of Guided Waves
Authors: Hu Xiong Wei , Feng Xin , Zhou Jing
Published: September 2011

A methodology of damage identification for the circumferentially cracked pipe is presented by using the quantitative relationship between crack size and reflection characteristics of guided waves. Firstly, the reflection characteristics and mode conversion behavior were theoretically studied by the 3-D finite element (FE) analysis. It is found that the reflection coefficients (RCs) of longitudinal L(0,2) and F(1,3) modes quantitatively is related to the circumferential length and radial depth of the crack. Then we present a novel method to quantitatively identify the crack. The feasibility of the proposed method was numerically investigated. The method only requires the longitudinal excitation mode of guided wave in the pipe, which shows the good potential for real application or in-situ damage monitoring. Introduction
Finite Element Analysis of Mechanical Property for Solid Multibarrel Tube-Confined Concrete Columns (CHS Inner and SHS Outer) under Monotonic Loading
Authors: Zhang Zhao Qiang , Yao Yong
Published: September 2011

Based on the constitutive models of steel and core concrete,the failure modes and the load-displacement curves of the solid multibarrel tube-confined concrete columns(CHS inner and SHS outer) under monotonic loading are calculated by using finite element analysis (FEA) method.The analytical results reveal the rules of stress distribution in steel and core concrete.The influences of axial compression ratio, yield strength of steel tube and concrete on the load-displacement curves are discussed.Through the results,it is deeply known the working mechanism of members(CHS inner and SHS outer) subjected to the static loads.
Experiment and Numerical Study on Shear Capacity of RC Beams
Authors: Liu Jun , Zhang Feng Peng , Zuo Yin Bo
Published: September 2011

Based on cyclic loading experiment of six beams in the two groups, the relationship among the stirrup stress, initial diagonal crack width and shear capacity of RC beams was studied. Experimental result shows that the decline of the shear strength of the RC beams due to cyclic loading can be characterized by the width of diagonal crack, according to the experimental phenomena, a formula for shear capacity after cyclic loading is derived for engineering use. To study the mechanism of the capacity decline, considering the effect of the width of diagonal crack to the shear transfer coefficient, numerical analysis by FEM method was done, the result is compared to the experimental result.
Experimental Investigation on Uniaxial Tensile Properties of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Ding Yi Ning , Yan Ying Chao
Published: September 2011

Abstract. This paper deals with the tensile behaviour of steel fiber reinforced concrete with respect to fibers content. A series of experimental tests were conducted to investigate uniaxial tensile ductility by using epoxy adhesive method. The specimen dimension was 100×100×200mm3 and the content of steel fiber was 20kg/m3, 40 kg/m3, 60 kg/m3 and 80 kg/m3, respectively. The test results showed that steel fiber can improve the tensile property effectively.
Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 90m Span under Earthquake
Authors: Li Hai Wang , Sun Wei Ping , Liu Jing
Published: September 2011

In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 90m span and 0.4 rise-span ratio is carried out under earthquake EL-Centro wave with SAP2000. In the analyses, the geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered at the same time based on the plastic-hinge theory. Under the action of EL wave with the peak increasing gradually, its elasto-plastic dynamic responses have been obtained. All the results displays its failure mode under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling; that its critical peak acceleration of EL earthquake wave when applied in X direction is 381gal, and is 583gal when applied in Z direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal and its structural height is 1/290, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.43 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 3.00% when EL-Centro waves applied on structure in X direction; The ratio of its maximal node vertical and its structural span is 1/567, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.48 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 2.50% when EL-Centro waves applied in Z direction.
Study on Seismic Performance of a New Type Energy Dissipation Steel Moment Frames
Authors: Guo Bing , Wang Jin Tao , Liang Tian , Bao Zhen
Published: September 2011

Open circular holes with a certain size in beam web at 1/6 span is a new method to improve the seismic behavior of steel moment frames. Based on the results of elasticity theory, analytical model of frame with opening web is proposed, and analysis and verification with nonlinear finite element method (FEM) are conducted. Results show that, beam with opening web at 1/6 span can significantly reduce the axial stress of beam flange near the beam-column connections. It is helpful to achieve the design criterion of strong connection and weak member, and also to simplify the connection construction. If the diameter of web opening is appropriate, beam plastic hinges can move inward to beam section at opening web, and has little effect on bearing capacity, stiffness, energy dissipation capacity and ductility of frames. The method of web openings and the size range are presented at the end of this paper.
Performance-Based Fire Resistance Analysis of Long-Span Spatial Steel Structure
Authors: Mu Zai Gen , Yao Jin Jin , Zhang Xiang Yong
Published: September 2011

The long-span steel structure is usually used for the stadium, exhibition hall, airports, railway stations and other buildings, and these structures often have an intensive staff, stored supplies are relevant to people's livelihood and so on. If these buildings collapse under the fire, it may cause heavy casualties and property losses, so it’s necessary to make a further research on its fire resistance performance. In this paper, make a fire scenario simulation to the Qingdao North Station main station by using fire simulation software FDS, in order to be sure the increased temperature of components. Then calculate stress of components under the most unfavorable fire temperature with finite element software "Midas" to make sure those components which need a fire protection. Finally, according to the analysis results to determine fire protection scheme, reduce unnecessary waste or local protection can not reach the requirements. This method of fire protection in the paper can provide reference for similar projects.
Experimental Study on Fatigue Behavior of Low-Strength Concrete Beams
Authors: Tang Hong Wei , Li Shi Bin
Published: September 2011

Reinforced concrete (RC) structures taking full advantages of concrete and reinforcing steel bars are widely applied in civil engineering. Concrete bridges are subjected to alternate loads as well as static loads, much importance should be attached to their fatigue. Reinforced concrete beams are the elementary members of concrete bridges. Fatigue failure mode and fatigue life prediction of normal or high-strength RC beams were the research focus at home. The fatigue behavior of low-strength RC beams was studied through four-point bending fatigue test in the paper. The test results indicated that all beams fractured for concrete shear failure, which made the fatigue life of low-strength concrete beams drop greatly compared to that of normal or high-strength concrete beams, because the fatigue failure of normal or high-strength concrete beams were caused by the fracture of one or more reinforcing steel bars; the mid-span deflection development of low-strength RC beams had three phases, and the middle phase occupied about 90% of whole fatigue life, also in the second phase the mid-span deflection developed linearly with the increasing of cycle numbers. This research work provides necessary basis for the fatigue life deterioration of low-strength RC beams.
Performance Analysis of CFST Column and RC Column Subjected to Eccentric Load
Authors: Fu Yu Yong , Yan Shu Wang , Du Chuang
Published: September 2011

A nonlinear finite element model is developed to study the behavior of square concrete-filled steel tubular(CFST) column and reinforced concrete (RC) column with the same quantity of material and cross-section sizes under eccentric load using ANSYS software.The results indicate that the bearing capacity of CFST column is about 30% greater than RC column and the ductility of CFST column is much greater than RC column under the same conditions. Eccentricity and slenderness ratio have same effect on the bearing capacity of both, which are drop.
The Study of the Impact for Coastal Engineering on High Water Level Induced by Storm Surges in Bohai Bay
Authors: Zhang Jin Shan , Zhang Wei Sheng , Cheng Chen , Sun Lin Yun
Published: September 2011

Bohai Bay is an semi-closed bay, the storm surge disaster is very serious in past. Now more and more large ocean engineering are built here, To study changes of storm surge induced by the construction of large-scale coastal engineering in Bohai Bay in present, 2D numerical storm surge model is established with large - medium - small model nested approach. The three most typical storms surges: 9216, 9711 and by cold wave in October 2003 are simulated in the condition of before and after implementation of planning projects in Bohai Bay. Changes of storm surge water level due to implementation of artificial projects are analysis in this paper.
Study on Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Columns Combined with FRP
Authors: Wu Sai , Zhao Jun Hai , Wei Xue Ying
Published: September 2011

This paper based on the unified strength theory, analyzed the ultimate bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete columns combined with FRP under axial loads. First, analyzed the mechanical property of the RC columns combined with FRP. Second, based on the unified strength theory, deduced the three-direction compressive stress of the core concrete and got the unified formula for calculating the ultimate bearing capacity of RC columns combined with FRP. Last, compared the analytical results obtained in this paper with the relevant experimental data, good agreement can be found and it proved the good applicability of the formula. Comparing with other methods in calculating the ultimate bearing capacity of RC columns combined with FRP，this method is well-founded, so it has a significant value in analysis of RC columns combined with FRP.
Study on Effects of Concrete Admixtures on Performance of Concrete
Authors: Luo Mei Fang
Published: September 2011

Concrete admixture is a kind of addition agents, which can improve the performance of concrete. Adding a certain amount of concrete admixture can enhance the early strength, the age strength, and the anti-permeability strength of concrete. Also, concrete admixtures can improve the workability and adjust the setting time of concrete, so as to reduce the dosage of concrete and save the cost of concrete. This paper describes the types of concrete admixture and their functions, studies the functions of water reducers, and analyzes their effects to concrete, so as to improve the concrete performance and save materials in actual operation.
The Structural Design of a Cantilevered Roof System of a Stadium Stand
Authors: Gong Liang
Published: September 2011

In this paper a simple statically determinate and indeterminate truss structure is chosen as the model for the design of the stadium stand. The design simplifies the canopy structure, considering actual handling of the connection of nodes; fewer nodes would be chosen for the convenience of installation. The supporting frame is put slantwise between the roof and vertical walls to improve the safety and reliability of the cantilevered structure. The roof truss adopts bidirectional and orthogonal divisions, adding up inclined trusses in divisions of upper and lower surfaces, thus increasing space stiffness. Schematic drawings, internal forces and material processing lists are put forward in this paper, aiming at less material, simple construction, saving manual labor and financial resources and satisfying the masses on the basis of enough intensity and stiffness.
The Research of Determining the Design Ground Motion Parameters for the High-Level Radioactive Waste Storage Structure
Authors: Wang Xin Zheng , Chen Jian Jie , Zou Guang Ping , Ping Li
Published: September 2011

On the basis of analyzing the special requirements for security for the high-level radioactive waste storage structure, the seismic design parameters of this engineering are determined. There is no criterion that determines the design ground motion parameters of underground engineering. Based on the thought of the severest design ground motion, the basic methods and principles to determine the design ground motion parameters of underground structure are put forward. The characteristics of high-level radioactive waste storage structure are analyzed, and the frequencies corresponding to the maxim modal participation factors are gain. Combined with the analysis of the site geological safety assessment report, through the initial search and optimization with the method of numerical simulation, the design ground motion parameters of the high-level radioactive waste storage structure on the specific site is determined. The method is easy to operate, which can also be applied in other important deep underground engineerings.
The Theoretical Study of a Mechanical Model for Bonded PZT Actuator
Authors: Zhao Nai Zhi , Yan Shi , Huang Chang Tie
Published: September 2011

In this paper, a mechanical model for bonded PZT actuator is presented. By analysis (analyzing) and researching principles of the bonded PZT drive combined with the second class of piezoelectric force - electric coupled constitutive equations based on continuum dynamics established along the length of PZT-driven model to the mechanical vibration. In (during) the modeling process, the impact of the bonding layer was mainly considered between the PZT and the structure.
Finite Element Analysis of a Simply Supported MR Fluid Sandwich Beam Based on ANSYS
Authors: Zhang Zheng Xin , Huang Fang Lin , Wu Yan Bin
Published: September 2011

This paper presents a method to simulate the mechanical behavior of magnetorheological fluid (MRF) subjected to magnetic field in the pre-yield region in ANSYS. The main idea is to devide an MRF element into two coincident elements, one of them has density and viscosity without shear modulus while another has shear modulus without density and viscosity. Taking a simply supported MRF sandwich beam as an example, good results and reasonable conclusion are obtained by comparing the results with the theoretical analysis and experimental study of Ref.[1]. The validity of finite element analysis is also investigated in this paper. At present, there is no exactly appropriate element type in ANSYS to model MRF, this kind of method called coincident elements method (CEM) will provide a new way to model the structures with MRF or MR dampers in ANSYS, and it also has reference roles for the future development of related elements in ANSYS.
Research on Mechanical Properties of Fiber Recycled Concrete
Authors: Meng Xian Hong , He Chao , Feng Xue Feng
Published: September 2011

Test is mixed with a certain amount of fibers and recycled concrete aggregate made from fiber recycled concrete. Fiber is respectively used steel fiber or polypropylene fiber. Each fiber incorporation are five, recycled coarse aggregate replacement percentage is 50%.Contrast different fiber content made from fiber recycled concrete to normal recycled concrete and analyzes the compressive strength variation. To determine the rational content of fiber, provide a theoretical basis for practical engineering.
Experimental Study on Electrical Conductivity of Steel Fiber Concrete under Uniaxial Compression
Authors: Wang Hua , Ji Hong Guang , Cheng Hua
Published: September 2011

Concrete is a key support material of underground chamber, its stress state is important parameter that can characterize the stability of underground chambers. The changing rule of the electrical conductivity of C50 steel fiber concrete in relation to the changes of the current, voltage and pressure was studied experimentally. And resistivity-stress regression equations of the concrete was fitted with much high correlation coefficient. Research results show that: (1) within the framework of elastic deformation, the electrical conductivity of concrete increases with the strengthening pressure (i.e., the concrete resistivity decreases with increasing pressure); (2) there exists the good correlation between the resistivity and pressure of the concrete; (3) given the certain pressure, the conductivity of the concrete is to some extent unaffected by voltage and current.
Parametric Statistics of Building Lifting-Up Engineering and Reliability Evaluation of Lifting Support
Authors: Wu Er Jun , Ni You Hao
Published: September 2011

During constructing of lifting-up engineering of Humanity Hall of Nanjing Museum, the sizes of steel lifting supports, loads distribution and lifting force changes were surveyed, which controls the safety of Lifting-up engineering. By establishing limit state function of H-shaped steel lifting support, based on those data, the reliability of lifting supports at three states of design, weighing after columns cut and lifting process was calculated respectively using checking point method. Results shows: the reliability in constructing process of building reconstruct engineering is lower than that of general engineering because more difficulty in construction, and in lifting process the time-dependent reliability of KZ1 is lower 63.1% than design reliability.
Removal Efficiency of Lead (II) by a Biopolymer Poly-y-Glutamic Acid
Authors: Mu Rui Min , Ma Gui Xia , Zhao Xia
Published: September 2011

Lead(Ⅱ) is a typical industrial pollutant which is harmful to people’s health. In this study, a new environmental-friendly material, the edible biopolymer poly--glutamic acid (-PGA) was applied to adsorb lead(Ⅱ). The results revealed that -PGA had pronounced binding effects on lead(Ⅱ) and its metal adsorption capacity was affected by lead(Ⅱ) concentration, -PGA dose and pH of the solution. For lead(Ⅱ) concentration, the removal rate of lead(Ⅱ) increased with the decrease of the metal concentration. For -PGA dose, the removal rate of lead(Ⅱ) increased with the increase of -PGA dose until the turning point at 4000 mg/L and then the tendency was adverse. The maximum removal rate was 92.8 % when lead(Ⅱ) and -PGA concentration was 1000 mg/L and 4000 mg/L separately. For pH, the metal adsorption capacity was weak when pH<4 and the optimal result occurred at pH 5-6.
Design Optimization and Safety Evaluation of Cross-Sea Bridge Barrier
Authors: Fang Lei , Zhang Liang , Yan Shu Ming , Jia Ning , Jing Min , Ma Liang
Published: September 2011

By comprehensive analysis and design optimization of barrier structure parameters, a new type of beam-and-post steel barrier was invented according to impact test condition and acceptance criteria of cross-sea bridge barrier. Full-scale impact tests and finite elements analysis were conducted to do safty evalution of the barrier. The results show that, ASI value is 1.62 for test and that is 1.67 for FEA, THIV is 30.7km/h for test and that is 31.2km/h for FEA. Working width is 0.88m for test and that is 0.62m for FEA. Occupant risk evaluation index can meet the requirements of level B and the working width can meet the requirements of level W3. Both of tracking and posture of vehicles are well. The study results above show that safety performance of cross-sea bridge barrier can meet or exceed the acceptance criteria. FEA results are consistent with Full-scale impact test, which validate the reliability of FEA. cross-sea bridge barrier can meet the highest test level for beam-and-post steel barrier, which can defend the out-of-control vehicles effectively and help to ensure the bridge safety.
The Research on the Evaluation to the Cost-Effectiveness for Economies of the Logistics Transportation Network
Authors: Fang Zhong Min , Chen Zhi Ya
Published: September 2011

In the article, the economies of scale of the logistics transportation network was chosen as the evaluation tools, and then the logistics transportation network system was decomposed and the mathematics covariance method was applied to build up its model for the first time. Finally, The results show that there exists the economies of scale and get the methods to obtain it. This method provides a new way of thinking and method to analyze the economies of network of the logistics transportation network for the future.
Regression Analysis of Rural Road Traffic Accidents Causes
Authors: Sun Chuan Jiao , Bai Ru Yue , Yu Yuan Yuan
Published: September 2011

9238 traffic accidents data are collected in rural road of China. Through the data analysis, the main causes of rural road traffic accident are presented. The external environment, the participant features, road features and accident characteristics are involved. The regression analysis in SPSS is applied to find the relationship between the accident features. Overall, the rural road traffic accident was mainly due to in the rural area there are mass travel mode, lower grade roads, poorer safety awareness of traveler and the road is lack of traffic safety facilities and so on.
Fresh Agricultural Products Logistics under “Farmer-Supermarket Direct-Purchase”：Problems and Suggestions Analysis
Authors: Han Xi Yan
Published: September 2011

“Farmer-supermarket direct-purchase” is a new mode of circulation for agricultural products in China. Without a modern logistics system, it cannot be taken into practice effectively. In view of the present situation of fresh agricultural products logistics, some problems exist: lack of effective logistics information platform, poor logistics technology and high logistics cost. Some measures should be taken by the government and supermarkets and farmers’ co-operatives to improve the development of fresh farm product logistics.
Railway Passenger Train Dispatch Benefit Prediction Model Analysis and Application Based on Operating Data Warehouse
Authors: Du Xue Dong , Shang Rui , Gao Zi You
Published: September 2011

A prediction model of train operation benefit is proposed in this article to help the railway administration's analysis of benefit based on market economy, multi-mode transportation and database theory. Furthermore, several transport operating indexes are analysed to make the prediction model more precise and workable. The model is illustrated by applying it to a numeral example, and the analysis of the error rate is made for further research.
The Interior PMSM DTC Drive Used for Electrical Vehicle
Authors: Li Yao Hua , Liu Jing Yu , Yu Qiang , Ma Jian
Published: September 2011

The direct torque control (DTC) for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) possesses many advantages: simple control configuration, lesser parameters dependence and fast dynamic response. And it can be used as motor drive for electrical vehicle (EV). In this paper the DTC for PMSM is investigated. Experimental results of an interior PMSM used in Honda Civic 06 MY hybrid electrical vehicle are given. Experimental results show the interior PMSM DTC drive is an ideal solution for electrical vehicle propulsion system.
Transit Network Design: The Necessity of Elastic Demand Consideration
Authors: Ranjbari Andisheh , Shariat Mohaymany Afshin , Amiripour S. M. Mahdi
Published: September 2011

Transit network design as the first and critical phase of public transportation planning is extremely sensitive to transit demand. An important characteristic of transit demand is elasticity or service-dependency, which means that any change in the service offered by the system is followed by a change in transit demand. Due to the complexity of transit network design problem (TNDP) researchers have usually assumed transit demand to be fixed rather than elastic; while ignoring this issue may result in inefficiency of system, dissatisfaction of users, and system failure, since the predicted amount of passengers would not use the transit system. This paper aims to demonstrate the necessity of elastic demand consideration in transit network design, and proposes a solution framework, which is composed of a preparation stage and an iterative procedure. A case study example is presented subsequently, to show the use of this solution method and further illustrates the necessity of considering this issue. Three cases of truly predicted demand (considering elastic demand), overestimated and underestimated demands (in the absence of elastic demand consideration) are defined, and the performance measures of these cases are compared to those in the base mode. The results show that elastic demand consideration leads to the optimal network, in which the system efficiently matches between supply and demand.
Solving the Traffic Problems in Kunming
Authors: Liu Xue Yuan , Wang Yuan
Published: September 2011

Based on the analysis of the status quo of Kunming urban traffic, Kunming's urban public system reveals problems with development of Kunming, put forward some countermeasures which solving traffic problems in Kunming.
Mass Transit as Urban Tourist Transport
Authors: Sia Rosalind Juo Ling , Wu Bi Hu , Li Jiong Hua
Published: September 2011

Mass Transit is the transportation for tomorrow. Mass transit is able to commute a large amount of people in a certain period of time with a pre-designed controlled speed. This paper intent to pervail the importance of mass transit as the only earth- and user- friendly public transport, as well as the most important urban tourist transport in the near future. Ideally, the tourist should be able to visit all destinations within a city with mass transit which integrated with walking and cycling to create a wonderful travel experience.
Green Transportation: the Essential Way for Transportation in the Future
Authors: Zhang Da Ning , Fei Ai Ping
Published: September 2011

Abstract. Due to the analysis of prevalent problems of out urban transportation and the reasons, this essay will illustrate the meaning of green transportation and the strategies and actions for the realization of that objective, pointing out the development direction for urban transportation in the near future.
The Optimized Design of the Electronic Bus Stop Board
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Yun Feng , Xing Ya Kui
Published: September 2011

The normal operation of bus system affects the entire urban operation efficiency and future development. With China's urban economic development and globalization, and the expansion of urban radiation, vigorously developing intelligent traffic has become the primary mean to solve urban transportation problem. Therefore, electric bus stop boards were designed to improve the system efficiency. Here, the current bus station time prediction methods were summarized and compared and the corresponding calculation approaches were established according to the specific characteristics of bus station. We employed Visual C + + 6.0 software and the principle of MapX controls to develop electric bus stop board system interface. Finally, the design method and its function were evaluated.
Research on Calculation Model of Minimum Net Distance between Interchanges on Eight-Lane Expressway
Authors: Pan Bing Hong , Kong Ling Chen
Published: September 2011

According to traffic operation characteristics and lane changing maneuvers, combining with the export notice signs and considering the worst driving conditions, the gap acceptance theory and kinematics are employed to establish the length of lane change operation between interchanges with probability theory. To operating speed as the premise, the necessary length that drivers change to the inside lane from the nearside lane is analyzed in terms of waiting for the gap acceptance, and the necessary length that drivers change to the nearside lane from the inside lane is also analyzed in terms of running for the gap acceptance, then calculation model of minimum net distance between interchanges on eight-lane expressway is constructed. The recommended value is then put forward.