bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Residual Effect of Boron and Sodium Chloride Applied to Wheat on Growth and Biochemical Parameters of Green Gram (Vigna radiata) Grown in Subsequent Season
Authors: Abhishree R. , Srivastava J.P. , Singh Uday Pratap , Pradhan Jyostnarani
Published: July 2022

Background: Experiment was conducted in pots to examine the residual effects of different levels of soil applied boron and sodium chloride (NaCl) to wheat during rabi on growth and biochemical parameters of green gram sown in following kharif. Methods: Boron or NaCl stress, which were applied individually or in combinations to wheat, had significant residual effects on biochemical processes and yield attributes of green gram. Result: At rising levels of NaCl or B, the content of sugar, starch, as well as free amino acids in leaves decreased, while the content of proline was increased. Under boron and NaCl stress, the MDA level increased dramatically due to lipid peroxidation. There were noteworthy residual toxic effects on growth, development, biochemical parameters, yield and yield attributes of green gram sown in the following kharif season.
Impact of Trichoderma viride as Bio-stimulator on Nodule Enumeration, Nutrient Quality and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Central India
Authors: Chalie-U Rokozeno , Jakhar Shish Ram , Mitra N.G. , Baghel S.S. , Sahu R.K. , Dwivedi B.S.
Published: July 2022

Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) commonly known as gram or Bengal gram, is an important pulse crop in India. Its productivity is low due to some biotic and abiotic stress, where diseases constitute major biotic constraints. For eco-friendly and sustainable management, T. viride was found effective as biocontrol and in enhancing yield. Methods: An experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2018-19 on nodule enumeration and nutrient quality of chickpea influenced by inoculation of T. viride derived from treatment of different carbon and nitrogen sources at research field JNKVV, Jabalpur, India. Trials followed randomized block design (RBD) experimental design, where a total of 16 treatments including fertilized uninoculated (FUI) replicated thrice using chickpea var. JG-16 as test crop. Result: From the result it can be proposed that seed treatment from T. viride isolates derived from peptone + ammonium sulphate was found significantly effective on the nodule enumeration like no. of nodule, nodule biomass, nutrient content in seed and straw and yield of chickpea.
Screening of Soybean Germplasm against Spodoptera litura (Fab.) for the Expression of Antixenosis Resistance Through Seasonal Incidence and Dual-feeding Assay
Authors: Mathpal Sudha , Gaur Neeta , Joshi Rashmi
Published: July 2022

Background: Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an important kharif growing crop and affected by a number of insect pests which are directly or indirectly decrease the yield. To increase the yield, the infestation by insect pest should be managed. Spodoptera litura is considered as the major pest of soybean crop and damages soybean to a very extent. Cultivation of insect resistant soybean can be the best technique for pest management program. Insect resistance is usually conferred by antixenosis i.e. the set of plant characteristics and insect responses that lead to undesirability of host. Thus, to find out the antixenosis resistance among 16 germplasm this study was performed. Methods: Seasonal incidence of S. litura was recorded with the abiotic parameter. Antixenosis resistance was determined through non-choice and free-choice feeding assay likewise MLAC (cm2) and C-value were calculated to find out the preference or non-preference of soybean germplasm. Trichome density and length were also examined which aids in the resistance mechanism. Result: Incidence of pest show positive correlation with temperature and morning humidity. The data on area consumption and C-value of soybean signified the resistant germplasm (BAUS 102, DSB34, MACS 1493 and RSC 11-03) and highly susceptible germplasm (NRC 131 and RSC 11-07) against S. litura which also conferred indirect relationship with trichome density and length.
INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA NO BRASIL: da conceptualização ao seu desenvolvimento
Authors: Costa Britto Pereira Lima Daniela , Rodrigues Cruz Joseany
Published: July 2022

A educação a distância no Brasil, desde a sua regulamentação, vem sendo ofertada como uma modalidade de educação que carrega consigo concepções variadas, por vezes, confundida com educação remota, educação aberta, eLearning, educação flexível, dentre outras, sobretudo nos dias atuais. Nesse sentido, este artigo traz a diferenciação desses conceitos, para, em seguida, tecer considerações que permitam a compreensão de como a modalidade de EaD vem se configurando nos cenários educacional e político brasileiros. Para este constructo, apresentamos a trajetória da EaD e os impactos dos programas de fomento do governo federal, com destaque para a Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB) e Rede e-Tec Brasil, principais ações nacionais voltadas à EaD pública e gratuita desde 2006, que, apesar de custear a oferta de cursos superiores e técnicos de nível médio, possuem raiz em interesses do capitalismo neoliberal. Isso porque, conforme apontado no trabalho, estes programas contribuem para a precarização da modalidade e, consequentemente, para o aumento dos preconceitos que a EaD vem sofrendo ao longo do tempo no país. Como resultado, são visíveis os impactos negativos dessa dinâmica nos processos de institucionalização da EaD, tão necessários para o desenvolvimento de uma educação a distância forte, consolidada e com qualidade socialmente referenciada.
The Social Economic Impacts of Covid-19 in Informal Urban Settlements
Authors: Lenhardt Amanda
Published: July 2022

The social economic impacts of the Covid-19 crisis in informal urban settlements are widely discussed in the literature, as are the risk factors for particular social and economic groups in these areas. However, government responses and evidence of their impact do not appear to rise to the challenges posed by these studies. Pre-pandemic analyses of risk factors in informal urban settlements and newly collected evidence from different contexts are available to understand the unique and pressing challenges that the pandemic poses to wellbeing in informal urban settlements. In contrast, there is little evidence of effective policy and programme solutions to address these challenges, which is likely driven by the absence of targeted policies and programmes to support people living in informal urban settlements. As a result, many communities have had to rely on their own limited resources and support networks to respond to the crisis (Wilkinson, 2021). This report briefly summarises the range of available evidence on the social economic impacts of the Covid-19 crisis in informal urban settlements and the intersectional differences in how different identity groups living in them have experienced the pandemic. Following a short introduction to the context of the Covid-19 crisis in these areas, the report outlines three thematic areas that have received significant attention in the literature and policy discourses – livelihoods and poverty, food security, and education. While not an exhaustive list, this range of topics is indicative of the range of evidence available and outstanding gaps. The remaining section details evidence of how different identity groups living in informal urban settlements have experienced the pandemic based on gender, disability, age, and migration status. The review draws on a mixture of academic and grey literature, with some opinion pieces and blogs also included given the ongoing nature of the pandemic.
Towards Enriching Understandings and Assessments of Freedom of Religion or Belief: Politics, Debates, Methodologies, and Practices
Authors: Marshall Katherine
Published: July 2022

Promoting the right to freedom of religion or belief (FoRB) is a foreign policy priority for several countries, their concerns accentuated by considerable evidence of rising levels of violations of this right worldwide. This puts a premium on solid evidence and on clear assessment criteria to serve as objective guides for policy. This paper reviews the complex landscape of approaches to assessing and measuring both the status of FoRB and the degree to which this human right is being violated or protected. It introduces and describes various transnational methodologies, both qualitative and quantitative, which focus, in differing ways, on violations. Several are widely cited and have express policy applications, while others have more indirect application to FoRB. The analysis highlights the diversity of approaches, which both reflect and contribute to a tendency to politicise FoRB issues. Challenges include differing understandings of the nature and relative significance of violations and their comparability. Country analysis is crucial because the specific context has vital importance for a granular appreciation for causes and impact of FoRB violations. This granularity, however, is poorly reflected in broader quantitative transnational and time series indices that highlight trends and comparative impact. The review highlights the limited degree to which FoRB issues, specifically violations and religiously related discrimination, are integrated in the policies and practice of development approaches (including social change and progress towards wellbeing) internationally and nationally. Effective approaches to addressing violations are few and far between, especially at the international level. The review notes strengths and weaknesses of specific approaches to assessment and reflects on possible improvements focused on development challenges and better integration among aspects of human rights.
Implementasi Metode Pembelajaran Bervariasi pada Materi SKI di Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah
Authors: Aprilia Imelda , Nelson Nelson , Rahmaningsih Sri , Warsah Idi
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan jawaban tentang pelaksanaan pembelajaran SKI dengan menggunakan metode bervariasi pada siswa kelas V MIM 10 Karang Anyar, Curup, Bengkulu melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Guna menjawab pertanyaan seputar penerapan metode bervariasi tersebut digunakan teknik pengumpul data yakni observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Setelah data diperoleh selanjutnya diolah, disajikan secara deskriptif dan disimpulkan. Penelitian ini menemukan kesimpulan bahwa variasi metode pembelajaran yang digunakan pada mata pelajaran SKI kelas V semester genap meliputi metode ceramah, metode kisah, metode tanya jawab, metode diskusi, metode drill (latihan) dan metode resitasi (pekerjaan rumah). Kendala guru SKI dalam menerapkan metode bervariasi antara lain kurangnya alokasi waktu yang tersedia pada pembelajaaran SKI, serta kurangnya sarana dan prasarana sebagai pendukung penerapan metode bervariasi.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KOMPETENSI KEPRIBADIAN GURU DENGAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER TANGGUNG JAWAB SISWA KELAS IX DI SMP ISLAM AZ-ZAHRAH 2 PALEMBANG
Authors: Aliyah Amira , Hawi Akmal , Mardeli Mardeli
Published: July 2022

Kompetensi kepribadian merupakan kemampuan personal yang mencerminkan kepribadian yang mantap, stabil, dewasa, arif dan berwibawa.lebih baik dibanding dengan sebelumnya. Rumusan masalah yang ada dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kompetensi kepribadian guru di SMP Islam Az-Zahrah 2 palembang, bagaimana pendidikan karakter tanggung jawab pada peserta didik kelas IX di SMP Islam Az-Zahrah 2 Palembang, Apakah ada hubungan antara kompetensi kepribadian guru dengan pendidikan karakter tanggung jawab pada peserta didik kelas IX di SMP Islam Az-Zahrah 2 Palembang.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas IX di SMP Islam Az-Zahrah 2 Palembang sebanyak 45 siswa dan populasi tersebut diambil yaitu 20 siswa sebagai sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan observasi, dokumentasi, dan Angket. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan statistik angka dan skor. Selanjutnya diolah dengan proses pemindahan data dalam bentuk tabel frekuensi.Hasil penelitian, kompetensi kepribadian guru termasuk dalam kategori Rendah 50% (10 siswa). Sedangkan Pendidikan karakter tanggung jawab tergolong Tinggi sebanyak 50% (10 siswa). Berdasarkan analisa data dengan menggunakan rumus statistik product moment ternyata ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kemampuan diri dengan hasil belajar siswa, karena berdasarkan perbandingan nilai “r” yang terdapat pada nilai “rhitung” adalah lebih besar daripada “r tabel”, pada taraf signifikan 5% (0,44<0,98>0,0,37).
KEEFEKTIFAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN VISUAL BERBASIS LECTORA INSPIRE TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWAPADA MATA PELAJARAN AKIDAH AKHLAK
Authors: Ramdhani Iqbal , Prihatin Nyimas Yunierti , Kaca Gatot
Published: July 2022

The Lectora inspire app is an e-learning creation tool that can be used to create advanced materials, featuring unique materials and scenery structures. The Lectora application is the latest learning media that is not yet commonly used in schools, and there are still many schools that have not been able to use it. This study aims to: 1) Know the application of Lectora Inspire-based visual learning media in the subjects of Aqeedah Akhlaq, the material of social morality for class XI teenagers in Madrasahs. Aliyah Aisyiyah Palembang. 2) determine the effectiveness of the visual learning media based on Lectora inspire on students' learning motivation in the subjects of aqidah morals material for the social behavior of teenagers in class XI at Madrasah Aliyah Aisyiyah Palembang.

This research includes the type of field research (field research) with a quantitative approach method. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation and questionnaires. The sample of this research is the students of class XI Madrasah Aliyah Aisyiyah Palembang, totaling 13 students. Data analysis using the t-test formula.

The results showed that 1) early student learning motivation before the application of Lectora inspire learning media obtained an average score of 57.15 and was classified as "medium" category. 2) students' learning motivation after the application of Lectora inspire learning media experienced an increase in obtaining an average score of 65.15 and classified as "medium" category. 3) Lectora inspire-based learning media is effective in increasing students' learning motivation as seen from the result value of Thit = 5.43 and Tab = 2.58 (with a significant level of 0.05).
ABDURRAHMAN SÂMÎ SARÛHÂNÎ’NİN ESMÂ-İ HÜSNÂ KASİDESİ
Authors: BATUR Halil
Published: July 2022

İslami Türk edebiyatının en yaygın türlerinden biri doğrudan Allah’ı, isim ve sıfatları ile anlatan eserlerdir. Şairler, doğrudan Cenab-ı Hak ile ilgili herhangi bir türde eser yazmayı kendileri için şeref ve dua vesilesi olarak görmüşlerdir. Neredeyse tüm divan şairleri ve mutasavvıf şairler Yüce Allah’ı tanıtma, onun varlığı ve birliğini ifade etme, ona yalvarıp yakarma, dua etme amacıyla pek çok eser kaleme almışlardır. Özellikle tevhid, münâcât ve esmâ-i hüsnâ türünde karşımıza çıkan bu tür eserler, manzum ya da mensur olarak yazılabilirler. Bu tür eserler, genellikle divanların bir bölümünü teşkil etmekle birlikte müstakil bir eser olarak yazılanlar da vardır. Söz konusu türlerden biri de doğrudan Allah’ın isimlerini konu alan esmâ-i hüsnâlardır. Esmâ-i hüsnâ konusu çerçevesinde yazılan eserler esmâ-i hüsnâyı tek tek sayan eserler, esmâ-i hüsnâ şerhleri, esmâ-i hüsnâ muammaları, esmâ-i hüsnânın havassını anlatan eserler şeklinde tasnif edilebilir. Türk edebiyatında esmâ-i hüsnâyı konu alan şairlerden biri de XIX. asırda yaşamış bir Uşşâkî şeyhi olan Abdurrahman Sâmî Saruhânî’dir. Çalışmamızda öncelikle bir edebî tür olarak esmâ-i hüsnâ ve Türk edebiyatında yazılan manzum esmâ-i hüsnâlar ile ilgili bilgiler verilecektir. Sonrasında Abdurrahman Sâmî Sarûhânî ve eserleri tanıtılacak, şairin “Kasidetü’l-Esmaü’l-Hüsna” adlı manzumesi şekil ve muhteva bakımından incelenecek, çalışmamızın sonunda söz konusu manzumenin transkripsiyonlu metni verilecektir.
Interlíngua, análise de erros e influências interlinguísticas
Authors: Allain Sandrine , Durão Adja Balbino de Amorim Barbieri
Published: July 2022

Este artigo presenta uma análise de erros nas interlínguas de aprendizes de FLE de nível B1.2 (QECR) de curso on-line em 2020. Através da identificação, classificação e descrição de erros (CORDER, 1973; DURÃO, 2004, 2007; JAMES, 2013, GIMENEZ, 2017) em três produções textuais assíncronas de cinco participantes e da coleta de dados por meio de questionário, os critérios linguístico (CORDER, 1981) e etiológico (SELINKER, 1972; RICHARDS, 1973) permitiram analisar 182 erros. A língua inglesa confirmou-se como L2 das participantes, de repertórios plurilinguísticos; observando-se o fator de recenticidade de uso (HAMMARBERG, 2001) e a variação de recurso a lexemas e estruturas sintáticas da L2 em função dos sujeitos (NEMSER, 1971; AL-SOBHI, 2019). Interferências de L2 por substituição ou empréstimos foram identificadas, além de transferências positivas e criativas. O uso contrastivo da L2 inglesa pode facilitar da aprendizagem e o aprofundamento da consciência linguística dos sujeitos aprendizes de FLE.
Gramática e discurso
Authors: Orlandi Eni Puccinelli
Published: July 2022

A partir do estudo de M. Said Ali sobre o que ele denomina “expressões de situação” procuramos compreender a estrutura e funcionamento dessas expressões, observando da perspectiva da Análise de Discurso. Produzimos, desse modo, uma reflexão que nos permite relacionar gramática e discurso, considerando que o procedimento de análise de S. Ali desloca a noção de termos expletivos, ou de realce, como se trata na gramática, para expressões de situação, incluindo, assim, a relação com a exterioridade. Essa proposta de Said Ali aponta para um outro modo de pensar a língua.
Low-Dose Ketamine as Perioperative Analgesia in Caesarean Sections in Remote Areas with Limited Medical Supplies
Authors: Avidar Yoppie Prim , Salinding Agustina , Hamzah  , Uhud Akhyar Nur , Maulydia
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Cesarean section is the most common surgical procedure performed in the world and its postoperative pain is still a major issue in several countries. In a low-resource setting, this management poses a challenge for anesthesiologists. Ketamine is the most used anesthetic drug in the world due to its easy access and proven benefits. Objective: This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of low-dose ketamine as postoperative analgesia in cesarean sections conducted in areas with limited medical supplies. Materials and Methods: A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was done from August 2020 to January 2021 with consenting pregnant patients who had undergone cesarean section. The sampled population was randomized to receive either ketamine intravenously or a placebo before the Subarachnoid Block (SAB). Low dose ketamine was divided into three groups 0.15 mg/kg, 0.25 mg/kg, and 0.5 mg/kg. The outcome was divided into primary outcome (pain score after 1-hour post-operation, 2 hours post-operation, 24 hours post-operation, and 48 hours post-operation) and secondary outcome (Apgar Score in the first minute and 5 minutes, hypotension after SAB, sedative effect during operation, postoperative nausea vomiting, time to receive opioid postoperative as rescue analgesia and total opioid uses). Results and Discussion: This study screened 105 patients and recruited 90 patients that were randomized into two groups consisting of 45 patients that received either low-dose ketamine or a placebo. The groups administered ketamine showed a lower pain score in 1 hour (p-value = 0.0037) and 2 hours post-operation (p-value = 0.0037). They also showed that it could prolong the administration of fentanyl (p-value = 0.0003) and lower total fentanyl used (p-value = 0.0008). The groups administered ketamine showed that there was a sedation effect (p-value = 0.0001) that depended on the dosage used. Conclusion: Intravenous ketamine with low doses can reduce pain scores at 1 hour to 2 hours post-operation and shows the need to reduce opioid requirements.
Створення та використання динамічних масок при розробці тривимірних моделей для мобільних ігор
Authors: Кулішова Нонна Євгеніївна , Зуєвський Дмитро Романович
Published: July 2022

Розглянуто задачу створення тривимірних моделей для ігрових мобільних додатків. Зокрема, розв’язується завдання створення текстури поверхні, яка швидко змінює свої властивості. Запропоновано використовувати так звані динамічні маски для текстурування поверхонь, зміну яких користувач спостерігає в режимі реального часу, або в інтерактивному режимі змінює їх власноруч.
В роботі наведено теоретичні положення, згідно яких зображення текстури можна розглядати як динамічний процес у певному стані. Окремі компоненти процесу — шари текстури із власними законами розподілу яскравості пікселів та зміни параметрів цих розподілів — забезпечують можливість комбінування для моделювання складних поверхневих ефектів. Розглянуто основні етапи процесу створення динамічної багатошарової текстури. За дослідженою методикою створено динамічні маски для ігрового мобільного додатку. Доведено ефективність підходу для зниження обсягу даних, що описують тривимірну модель, та кількості звернень до пам’яті пристрою під час використання додатку.
Вплив параметрів друкувальних елементів форм інтагліодруку, отриманих прямим лазерним гравіюванням, на графічну та градаційну точність відбитків
Authors: Киричок Тетяна Юріївна , Коротенко Олена Володимирівна , Баглай Володимир Анатолійович
Published: July 2022

Визначення якості відтворення гравійованих штрихів та виявлення зaкономiрностей формувaння фaрбового шaру тa його зaлежностей вiд параметрів друкарських форм, виготовлених  за технологією DLE, є aктуaльним нaуково-технiчним зaвдaнням, вирішення якого забезпечить надання певних наукових рекомендацій щодо  технологічного процесу виготовлення DLE форм. Тому метою дослідження було встановити взаємозв'язок якості відтворення запроектованого профілю гравійованих штрихів форм інтагліодруку, отриманих прямим лазерним гравіюванням з подальшим нанесенням захисного покриття нітриду хрому напиленням, та графічної та градаційної точності відбитків інтагліодруку, виготовлених із застосуванням цих форм. Для досягнення цієї мети була виготовлена модельна форма із вигравійованими друкарськими елементами заданих геометричних параметрів, віддруковані зразки та проведено дослідження впливу різної геометрії та співвідношення сторін поперечних профілів на якість відтворення штрихів на відбитках.
Вивчення мікрошліфів, здіснене за допомогою оптичного металографічного мікроскопу Neophot-32 показало, що всі  гравійовані штрихи зразка мають відхилення від заданого  геометричного профілю, зазвичай є несиметричними та із різною мікрогеометрією поверхні вигравійованих елементів.
Дослідження надрукованих штрихів, здійснені за допомогою монокулярного цифрового мiкроскопa МОЦ–45 Мiкротех при збiльшеннi 45× iз системою вiзуaлiзaцiї Micam та профілографічного аналізу iз зaстосувaнням профiлометрa моделi 296, показали, що існує залежність показників якості формування фарбового шару від коефіцієнта спiввiдношення глибини до ширини гравійованих штрихів. Зокрема була досліджена залежність коефіцієнта втрати товщини фарбового шару, коефіцієнта розтікання фарби, показника шприцювання при фарбоперенесенні у інтагліо друці. У результаті проведених досліджень наведені рекомендації щодо підбору геометричних параметрів гравійованих елементів форми інтагліо друку.
Дослідження процесу оздоблення та захисту паковань друкарськими лаками з ароматизованими та люмінесцентними домішками
Authors: Огірко Михайло
Published: July 2022

Сучасне паковання повинно не тільки забезпечувати тривале зберігання товару, але й надійно захищати товар від підробки, механічних пошкоджень і забруднень, бути привабливим для споживача, відповідати вимогам і специфічним уподобанням покупців. Тому вибір технологічного процесу оздоблення пакувальної продукції є відповідальним етапом виробництва, на який впливає ряд факторів, зокрема вид паковання, його конструкція та призначення, фізико-механічні характеристики матеріалів, їх бар’єрні властивості. Оскільки ринок пакувальних матеріалів, зокрема картонів дуже різноманітний, важливими є пошуки нових методів оздоблення паковань та їх захисту від підробки поліграфічними технологіями. Це вимагає глибоких досліджень топографії та внутрішньої структури адгезивів (поліграфічних фарб, лаків, клеів тощо) і субстратів, адже від них в значній мірі залежить якість надрукованого зображення та експлуатаційні характеристики паковань.
За допомогою електронної мікроскопії досліджено топографію надрукованих аромозображень та зміну їх структури після презентації ароматів методом «потри і понюхай». Встановлено вплив кількості люмінофорних частинок в лаковій композиції на якість люмінесценції. Побудована діаграма колірності CIE підтверджує, що наявність 10 % люмінесцентних домішок в лаковій композиції показує ефект люмінесценції на відбитку. Збільшення кількості наночастинок люмінофору до 30 % в композиції підвищує значення оптичної густини закріпленого шару лаку та підсилює ефект люмінесценції.
Analisis Pemilihan Asosiasi Jasa Konstruksi Berdasarkan Persepsi Kontraktor di Palangka Raya
Authors: K.A.Uda Subrata Aditama , Gawei Apria BP. , Dewi Rr. Ratna
Published: July 2022

Industri konstruksi di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan terutama pada bidang infrastruktur. Berdasarkan data statistik tahun 2020 menunjukkan kontribusi produk domestik bruto sektor konstruksi di Indonesia menempati peringkat ke 2 setelah negara Kamboja. Kondisi ini memberi peluang berdirinya beberapa organisasi dan asosiasi jasa konstruksi baru yang menaungi kontraktor sebagai syarat dalam mengikuti lelang proyek pemerintah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana variabel biaya, promosi, dan pelayanan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan dalam memilih asosiasi jasa konstruksi. Analisis penelitian menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda dengan jumlah sampel 377 responden dari 461 respoden yang berasal dari kontraktor yang merupakan anggota asosiasi jasa konstruksi di kota Palangka Raya. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa variabel biaya, promosi, dan pelayanan berpengaruh nyata terhadap keputusan anggota badan usaha dalam memilih asosiasi jasa konstruksi. Analisis statistik menunjukkan variabel biaya mempunyai pengaruh paling dominan dan sangat signifikan sebesar 0,546, selanjudnya variabel promosi dan pelayanan sebesar 0,275 dan  0,259. Ketiga variabel ini meminiliki tingkat signifikasi lebih besar dari 0,05 (99%) terhadap keputusan anggota badan usaha dalam memilih asosiasi jasa konstruksi di Palangka Raya. Hasil penelitian ini mendukung teori yang menyatakan bahwa variabel biaya, promosi dan pelayanan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap keputusan konsumen
Analisis Pengaruh Driving Distraction Penggunaan Smartphone Terhadap Pengemudi Sebagai Penyebab Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Dengan Multilevel Factorial
Authors: Asyari Hasyim , Maulana Febri , Muhammad Katon , Imran Rani Aulia
Published: July 2022

Sebagian besar kecelakaan di jalan raya disebabkan oleh gangguan yang dialami oleh pengemudi saat menyetir disebut driving distraction. Jumlah kecelakaan lalu lintas mencapai 18.000 jiwa mayoritas disebabkan oleh driving distraction  salah satunya karena penggunaan smartphone. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh driving distraction, berdasarkan distraction time, time traffic, jenis jalan, dan menganalisa penggunaan smartphone. Metode eksperimen yakni multilevel factorial desain dengan purposive sampling menggunakan driving simulator di laboratorium. Perlakuan yang diberikan yakni membaca pesan, membuka peta, dan membalas pesan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian , pada kondisi jalan dengan 4 lajur kondisidan traffic off-peak (senggangsepi), penggunaan smartphone selama 10 detik beresiko kecelakaan rendah (mencapai 0%). Kondisi jalan dengan dua lajur dan traffic peak hour (sibuk), penggunaan smartphone selama 25 detik memiliki tingkat rasio terjadinya kecelakaan yang relative relatif tinggi (70%). Penggunaan smartphone selama 45 detik bertingkat resiko terjadinya kecelakaan mencapai 100%, jalan dua lajur dengan traffic peak hour. Terdapat tingkat kecelakaan yang rendah atau cenderung tidak terjadi pada penggunaan smartphone  saat berkendara dengan nilai Y = 1.450, kondisi tersebut ialah kombinasi antara durasi 10 detik, jalan 2 lajur, dan traffic off-peak. Penggunaan smartphone saat berkendara lebih dari 10 detik pada jalan 2 atau 4 lajur dengan kondisi lalu lintas sepi maupun sibuk menunjukkan resiko kecelakaan 65%-100%.
An Analysis of Language Style Used in “The Princess Switch” Movie and Its Implications in Teaching Speaking
Authors: Salsabila Lilian , Permanasari Pradnya
Published: July 2022

This research aims to describe the types of language styles based on the level of formality theory by Joos in Sutherland (2016), identify the most frequent language used, and explain its implications in teaching speaking. The method used in this research was a descriptive qualitative method. The data was movie dialogues entitled "The Princess Switch". Data collection techniques used in this research were observation and documentation. The results of this research show 90 data from movie dialogues used in the movie. The writer concludes that there are five types of language styles used in this research, namely frozen style (1 datum), formal style (43 data), consultative (9 data), casual style (26 data), and intimate (11 data). The most frequently used language in the movie is the formal style type. In addition, this research can be used as alternative teaching materials and references for teachers and the government.
Atomistic Simulation of La and Mn-Doped PbBi2Nb2O9 Aurivillius Phase
Authors: La Kilo Akram , Abas Ramona Nintias R. , Costanzo Alberto , Mazza Daniele , Botutihe Deasy N , La Kilo Jafar
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Mn3+ and La3+ dopants on the structure of PbBi2Nb2O9 (PBN) using atomistic simulation. PBN phase geometry was optimized before the Mn3+ and La3+-doped phase. Mn3+ partially substituted octahedral Nb5+ in the perovskite layer. While La3+partially substituted Bi3+ in the bismuth layer and dodecahedral Pb2+in the perovskite layer. The concentration (x) of dopants that doped PBN was made in such a way that it produces a phase of Pb1-2xBi1.5 + 2xLa0.5Nb2-xMnxO9 (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.3) which was not charged. The simulation results showed that the optimized PBN cell parameters were in a good agreement with the experimental result. Increasing the concentration of dopants result in the Pb1-2xBi1.5+ 2xLa0.5Nb2-xMnxO9 phase (PBNM-Bi and PBNM-A) being less stable, as indicated by the increased lattice energy. PBNLM-Bi structures experiences an elongation which was showed by the cell parameters of c increase while a and b decrease. La3+prefers to occupy bismuth oxide layer rather than the dodecahedral A-site of the perovskite layer. The results of this simulation can explain the PBLNM structure of experimental results that do not pay attention to the multiplicity of doped PBN with certain dopant concentrations.
KOMPUTASI ENKRIPSI DAN DEKRIPSI MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA HILL CIPHER
Authors: Wardhani Rara , Nurshiami Siti Rahmah , Larasati Niken
Published: July 2022

Hill Cipher is a symmetric cryptographic algorithm that can be used to encrypt and decrypt. Hill Cipher has several advantages including the key used to encrypt and decrypt is a square matrix of size  n x n which has a multiplicative inverse because the inverse is the key used to decrypt. This study discusses the design of encryption and decryption program using with Java. The resulting program is capable of encrypting and decrypting with key  2 x 2, 3 x 3 , and 4 x 4.
ANALISIS KESTABILAN MODEL LESLIE-GOWER DENGAN PENGARUH WAKTU TUNDA DAN PEMANENAN PROPORSIONAL
Authors: Kemalasari Azhari , Reorita Rina , Renny Renny
Published: July 2022

The main purpose of this research is to study  the Leslie-Gower model and the response of the Holling type II with time delay and proportional harvesting. The method used in the completion of the model is qualitative, namely by analyzing the stability of the model's equilibrium point. The Leslie-Gower model and Holling type II response with delay time and proportional harvesting have four equilibrium points. There is one point of unstable equilibrium and one point of equilibrium that is stable. Meanwhile, for the other two equilibrium points, it depends on the value of the parameters taken. The delay time resulted in oscillations in the model. The greater the delay time value used, the greater the inequality in oscillations that occur in the system. This means the model will take longer to stabilize.
Bilirubin inhibits the anticancer activity of sorafenib by blocking MCL-1 degradation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Yao Leyi , Zhao Qian , Yan Ding , Lei Ziying , Hao Yali , Chen Jinghong , Xue Qian , Li Xiaofen , Huang Qingtian , Tang Daolin , Dou Q. Ping , Chen Xin , Liu Jinbao
Published: July 2022

Objective: Sorafenib is a first-line drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, most patients with HCC do not respond to sorafenib, mainly because of the frequent development of drug resistance. Bilirubin is an end metabolite of heme catabolism and an indicator of liver function, but its direct role in regulating the anticancer activity of sorafenib in HCC cells is unclear. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of bilirubin in sorafenib-mediated tumor suppression in HCC. Methods: A retrospective observational cohort of 100 patients receiving sorafenib was conducted to evaluate the potential role of bilirubin in predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC. Human HCC cell lines were treated with sorafenib in the absence or presence of bilirubin, and cell proliferation, apoptosis, and signaling pathways were assayed. The antagonistic effect of bilirubin toward sorafenib was assessed in nude mice bearing HCC xenografts. Results: Serum levels of bilirubin (including total, direct, and indirect bilirubin) negatively correlated with the overall survival of patients with HCC treated with sorafenib (P < 0.05). Both in vitro and in vivo analyses demonstrated that bilirubin significantly abrogated sorafenib-mediated proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in HCC cells (P < 0.05). Mechanically, bilirubin inhibited sorafenib-induced activation of GSK-3β and subsequent downstream MCL-1 degradation. Conclusions: Our study provides experimental evidence of the antagonistic effect of bilirubin toward sorafenib-mediated anticancer activity in HCC, and it suggests that bilirubin could be used to predict the efficacy of sorafenib treatment.
Living biobank-based cancer organoids: prospects and challenges in cancer research
Authors: Li Haixin , Liu Hongkun , Chen Kexin
Published: July 2022

Biobanks bridge the gap between basic and translational research. Traditional cancer biobanks typically contain normal and tumor tissues, and matched blood. However, biospecimens in traditional biobanks are usually nonrenewable. In recent years, increased interest has focused on establishing living biobanks, including organoid biobanks, for the collection and storage of viable and functional tissues for long periods of time. The organoid model is based on a 3D in vitro cell culture system, is highly similar to primary tissues and organs in vivo, and can recapitulate the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of target organs. Publications on cancer organoids have recently increased, and many types of cancer organoids have been used for modeling cancer processes, as well as for drug discovery and screening. On the basis of the current research status, more exploration of cancer organoids through technical advancements is required to improve reproducibility and scalability. Moreover, given the natural characteristics of organoids, greater attention must be paid to ethical considerations. Here, we summarize recent advances in cancer organoid biobanking research, encompassing rectal, gastric, pancreatic, breast, and glioblastoma cancers. Living cancer biobanks that contain cancerous tissues and matched organoids with different genetic backgrounds, subtypes, and individualized characteristics will eventually contribute to the understanding of cancer and ultimately facilitate the development of innovative treatments.
Mitragyna speciosa: Opioid Addiction Treatment and Risk of Use
Authors: Rusydan Azka Muhammad , Lukitaningsih Endang , Fakhrudin Nanang
Published: July 2022

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil.) is a plant that originated from the rainforest in Southeast Asia, mainly grows in Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Kratom has been used traditionally as an herbal remedy for the treatment of various illnesses. Kratom gained notoriety due to its potential as an analgesic, opiate withdrawal treatment, anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antidiabetic with an unclear risk of addiction and toxicity fueled by a false sense of security due to its identity as a member of the coffee family. This article is a narrative review on kratom to highlight its pharmacological and toxicological properties, and the analytical method of Kratom, especially its potential as an opioid withdrawal therapy and its risk of abuse.
INFLUENCE OF GEOMETRY OF FUSION LINE ON DECARBONIZATION IN DISSIMILAR WELD JOINTS AFTER HEAT TREATMENT
Authors: Nimko Maksym
Published: July 2022

Welded joints of dissimilar steels are widely used in various components of the steam-water circuit at thermal and nuclear power plants. In such welded joints after tempering and during high-temperature operations, carbon migrates through the fusion surface from less alloyed steel to more alloyed steel due to the difference in the chemical potential of carbon in these steels. Decarburization in the weld-adjacent area of ​​the heat affected zone of less alloyed steel, which occurs due to carbon migration, can lead to the formation of defects and subsequent failures in service. It was noticed that the thickness of the decarburized layer varies depending on the geometry of the fusion line: after heat treatment in places of convexity of the more alloyed weld in the base metal the thickness of the decarburized layer in the heat affected zone is less than in places of concavity of the weld. To numerically estimate the influence of the shape of the fusion line on the intensity of decarburization in the weld-adjacent zone, it is proposed to use a geometric factor. The aim of the work was to find such a function for use as the geometric factor, which would allow to estimate locally the variable concavity of a complex curve (in our case - the fusion line) from a point outside the curve and express it through a scalar parameter. An integral function ФL(t) is proposed, which "scans" the fusion line L from the point t in the heat affected zone; the obtained numerical value of this function for each point t can be interpreted as the order of decarburization of this point during tempering or high-temperature operation at a given geometry of the fusion line L, and can be used to construct a scalar field of the decarburization order in the heat affected zone of less alloyed steel by implementation of ФL(t) using computer vision software.
SIMULATION MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF DETERMINATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS PARAMETERS USING COMPUTER MEASURING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Perperi Liudmyla , Gugnin Vladimir , Goloborodko Ganna
Published: July 2022

Modern trends in higher education are aimed at the fact that the educational process should become more dynamic and flexible, including the training of engineering specialists in higher educational institutions. During the pandemic caused by COVID-19, most institutions switched to distance learning, in connection with this, the use of virtual instruments created using the LabVIEW graphical programming environment is of particular relevance for practical and laboratory work. Such instruments allow you to conduct classes remotely. The article describes the designed virtual instrument for simulation modeling of the process of determining the surface roughness parameters. To implement this task, a model for calculating the surface roughness parameters is proposed, which takes into account the influence of the geometric parameters of the metal cutting tool and the physic of cutting process during workpiece processing. The modeling process of roughness measurement is carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the movement of the sensor of device the along the scanned surface and the sound of the device drive are simulated. At the second stage, the surface roughness parameters are calculated. The surface roughness profile is a superposition of the theoretical profile which is obtained by copying the profile of the cutting tool tip on the machined surface and random distortion of the profile due to the physic of cutting process. For the purpose of obtaining the coordinates of the theoretical profile points of the workpiece after processing it, an algorithm has been developed for calculating the current position of the profile point depending on the ratio of the feed values and the curvature radius tip of the cutting tool. Changing the position of the current point of the theoretical surface profile due to the impact of the physic of cutting process is taken into account by introducing random oscillations superimposed on the surface profile, which are generated by a random number generator according to the law of equal probability. A technique for processing an array of profile points coordinates to obtain surface roughness numerical parameters Rz, Ra and Rmax is described. The use of computer measuring technologies for solving tasks in the field of engineering using information and measuring equipment allows students to develop the skills to perform technical measurements, receive, analyze and critically evaluate the obtained measurement results
PUNCTURED NCC CODES FOR INFORMATION PROTECTION IN INFORMATION AND MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Krylova Victoria , Tverytnykova Elena , Vasylchenkov Oleg , Kolisnyk Tatyana
Published: July 2022

During development and design of information-measuring systems, enabling to carry out collection, processing and transmission of information, one of the main problems is the choice of effective methods of information protection against defects in noisy communication channels. Effective use of frequency-time resources of information communication channels, as the most valuable part of the information transmission system, is the key to provide reliable delivery of transmitted messages. One of effective directions of reliability increase and information transfer reliability in information-measuring communication networks is implementation of methods and algorithms of noise-resistant coding, providing for detection and coping with errors, arising due to interferences in the communication channel. In this case, the choice in favor of one or another coding method depends on the information characteristics of the data channel. Parameters of the noise coder must be coordinated with the source of the message, the communication channel, as well as the requirements for the reliability of bringing information to the recipient.  The problem of obtaining a wide range of codec parameters with simultaneous preservation of the unified macrostructure of the codec in communication systems causes the need for research on the development of adaptive algorithms for error information protection. In the article the research results of the characteristics of variable rate slot convolutional codes for adaptive coding/decoding in information-measuring systems of information transmission are proposed. Consequently, when creating communication networks, there is no need to use a large number of different codecs, even with completely different requirements to the code rate, channel rate and gain due to coding. In addition, there is a real opportunity to create terminal equipment, working on unified algorithms of protection against errors and access.
Novel Analisis Kekerasan Simbolik dalam Novel Kim Ji-yeong Lahir Tahun 1982
Authors: Evi Setiawati  , Herdiyanti  , Fitri Ramdhani Harahap
Published: July 2022

In a society with such strong patriarchal power it is not uncommon to cause a variety of gender polemics. Starting from the distinction of rights between men and women. Different job opportunities between men and women. Until domestic affairs are left entirely to women. These actions ultimately lead women to face symbolic violence. Symbolic violence is the result or form of gender discrimination and the perpetuation of patriarchal culture. The problem of symbolic violence is raised in the mass media, one of which is the novel Kim Ji-yeong born in 1982 by Cho Nam-joo. The Novel depicts a series of symbolic violent polemics received by women as a child, mother, wife, and employee in the company. This study uses a qualitative research approach by analyzing the discourse of symbolic violence obtained through the texts in the novel. In line with Pierre Bourdieu's concept of power domination, the analysis focused on the aspect of language that represented symbolic violence. The results explain that symbolic violence occurs because of the dominance of power from the parties who have higher capital.
Organogel Synthesis Towards Electrochemical Sensing Applications
Authors: Ashvin P.U. , Fernando I , Glasscott Matthew W. , George Garret W. , Kosgei Gilbert , Moores Lee
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to synthesize a novel and tunable organogel system capable of stand-alone use with integration via electrochemical tools for the detection of aerosol particles.
Experimental Study on Physical Simulation of Large-Scale Interfracture Injection and Production with Different Injection Media in Tight Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Gao Zhanwu , Liu Xuewei , Zhang Yuanli , Zhao Xinli
Published: July 2022

Given the difficulty of water injection and effective displacement system establishment in Changqing oilfield, this research carried out the interfracture injection and production experiment of a large outcrop model with two types of injection fluid medium, natural gas and surfactant, and studied the interfracture injection and production law of different displacing medium and the principal contradiction existing in the different displacing medium. The results show that natural gas drive in tight oil reservoir is beneficial to reduce the Jamin resistance and form a rapid oil production. Still, the gas drive process is easy to develop gas breakthrough, leading to a decrease in gas utilization ratio, and its oil displacement efficiency is 17.25%. Additionally, due to the strong adsorption of surfactant, the seepage capacity of a porous medium in the process of surfactant-oil displacement is reduced, and blockage is formed at the injection end, resulting in the poor oil displacement effect of surfactant. However, compared with natural gas injection, the surfactant has higher oil displacement efficiency, up to 22.05%. Therefore, for tight oil reservoirs, rational utilization of the advantages of different mediums and controlling their disadvantages are essential for the development of such reservoirs.