bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speeding up simulation applications using WinGrid
Authors: Mustafee Navonil , Taylor Simon J. E.
Published: February 2009

The vision of grid computing is to make computational power, storage capacity, data and applications available to users as readily as electricity and other utilities. Grid infrastructures and applications have traditionally been geared towards dedicated, centralized, high‐performance clusters running on UNIX ‘flavour’ operating systems (commonly referred to as cluster‐based grid computing). This can be contrasted with desktop‐based grid computing that refers to the aggregation of non‐dedicated, de‐centralized, commodity PCs connected through a network and running (mostly) the Microsoft Windows operating system. Large‐scale adoption of such Windows‐based grid infrastructure may be facilitated via grid enabling existing Windows applications. This paper presents the WinGrid approach to grid‐enabling existing Windows‐based commercial‐off‐the‐shelf simulation packages (CSPs). Through the use of two case studies developed in conjunction with a major automotive company and a leading investment bank, respectively, the contribution of this paper is the demonstration of how experimentation with the CSP Witness (Lanner Group) and the CSP Analytics (SunGard Corporation) can achieve speedup when using WinGrid middleware on both dedicated and non‐dedicated grid nodes. It is hoped that this research would facilitate wider acceptance of desktop grid computing among enterprises interested in a low‐intervention technological solution to speeding up their existing simulations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A general encoding framework for representing network measurement and topology data
Authors: Brown A. , Swany M. , Zurawski J.
Published: February 2009

Scientific applications are evolving rapidly and rely heavily on the network for data movement, communication, control and result collection. This reliance on the network has increased the breadth of consumers of network status information while the increasing complexity of networks has expanded the diversity of the producers of this information. To enable this wide variety of producers and consumers to effectively interoperate, relevant standards are paramount.

In this paper, we present a general model used to represent both network measurements collected from performance tools as well as describing the physical and logical characteristics of the underlying network. This system is currently being standardized in the Open Grid Forum to enable other uses within the wider grid and distributed computing community (Open Grid Forum, http://www.ogf.org/). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quadrupolar Chromophores for Voltage Sensing and White‐Light Generation
Authors: Painelli Anna , Terenziani Francesca
Published: February 2009

A few‐state model predicts that spectral properties of some quadrupolar chromophores are affected by the application of static electric fields. These dyes can monitor neuronal activity (action potential), as a sensitive and versatile alternative to classical dipolar dyes and can also be used in organic LEDs: color‐tunable and/or white‐light emission is obtained by varying the working voltage (see chromaticity diagram).

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Electrophilic ipso‐Substitution and Some Unique Reaction Behavior of 1,3,6‐Tri‐tert‐butylazulene
Authors: Shoji Taku , Ito Shunji , Okujima Tetsuo , Higashi Junya , Yokoyama Ryuji , Toyota Kozo , Yasunami Masafumi , Morita Noboru
Published: February 2009

Electrophilic ipso‐substitution reactions between 1,3,6‐tri‐tert‐butylazulene (2) and several electrophilic reagents were examined. Friedel–Crafts and Vilsmeier reactions of 2 gave the corresponding ipso‐substitution products in moderate to excellent yields. One of the ipso‐substitution products, 1,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐3‐formylazulene (5), was converted in high yield into the synthetically more useful azulene derivative 1,6‐di‐tert‐butylazulene (1) by decarbonylation on treatment with pyrrole in acetic acid. Treatment of 2 with N‐[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]pyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate (TPT) unexpectedly afforded 1‐trifluoromethylthioazulene 10 and 1(8H)‐azulenone 11. Compound 2 also reacted with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) to give an excellent yield of cycloaddition product 13, rather than the ipso‐substitution reaction product.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
In Situ Activation of a Latent Ruthenium–Carbene Complex in Ionic Liquid and Its Application in Ring‐Closing Metathesis
Authors: Kim Ju Hyun , Park Boyoung Y. , Chen Shu‐Wei , Lee Sang‐gi
Published: February 2009

Catalytically inactive, latent Ru–carboxylate complex 2, which was recently serendipitously isolated, can be activated in situ efficiently in ionic liquids (ILs) with the aid of imidazolium halides or tetrabutylammonium halides. The activity of the in situ activated catalyst was largely dependent on IL anions, imidazolium halides, and terabutylammonium halides. Under the optimal condition of 1.0 mol‐% of [bmim][Br] in CH2Cl2/[bmim][SbF6] (1:1), latent Ru complex 2 was activated in situ to catalyze the ring‐closing metathesis of various dienes with conversions of up to >99 %. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Synthesis and Photophysical Characterisation of Fluorescent 8‐(1H‐1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)adenosine Derivatives
Authors: Dyrager Christine , Börjesson Karl , Dinér Peter , Elf Annelie , Albinsson Bo , Wilhelmsson L. Marcus , Grøtli Morten
Published: February 2009

A series of 8‐(1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐substituted adenosine derivatives have been synthesised by using Sonogashira cross‐coupling and click chemistry. The use of click chemistry enables an easy access to different substituents in the 4‐position of the triazole ring. The modified nucleosides show high absorptivities due to a single strongly allowed electronic transition and, for some of the derivatives, high quantum yields in organic as well as in water solution making them promising as fluorescent probes in nucleic acid contexts. Furthermore, the different substituents of the 1,2,3‐triazole makes the wavelength of emission tunable without changing the absorption properties substantially. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Sensitivity improvement by using contactless conductivity rather than indirect UV detection for the determination of enantiomeric purity of amines by CE
Authors: Lecoeur‐Lorin Marie , Delépée Raphaël , Morin Philippe
Published: February 2009

A capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) system for CE with a flexible detection cell was applied for the enantioseparation of small chiral underivatized amines using chiral crown ether or CD as chiral selector. Since these compounds are poorly UV‐active, C4D was an alternative detection mode. The composition (ionic strength, pH, chiral selector) of the electrolyte was optimized in order to be suitable for C4D. (−)‐(18‐crown‐6)‐2,3,11,12‐tetracarboxylic acid was required as chiral selector to resolve the enantiomers of small polar amines. However, trimethyl‐β‐CD was suitable to separate amines possessing hydrophobic carbon chains. The performance of C4D was compared with indirect UV detection in terms of sensitivity, repeatability and accuracy. The linearity range of C4D was very large (1.5–1600 μg/mL) compared with the indirect UV linearity range (25–400 μg/mL) and allowed the determination of the enantiomeric purity of isopinocampheylamine up to 0.25%. The CE–C4D method has been fully validated by applying a novel strategy using accuracy profiles. All relative biases of the developed method were included within the ±15% limits of acceptance. C4D is a good alternative to indirect UV detection for the enantioseparation of non‐UV absorbing amines since the method development is fast and easy and, the sensitivity is improved by a factor of 100 compared with that of the indirect UV mode.
Cognitive‐behavior therapy in chronic fatigue syndrome: is improvement related to increased physical activity?
Authors: Friedberg Fred , Sohl Stephanie
Published: February 2009

This multiple case study of cognitive‐behavioral treatment (CBT) for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) compared self‐report and behavioral outcomes. Eleven relatively high‐functioning participants with CFS received 6–32 sessions of outpatient graded‐activity oriented CBT. Self‐report outcomes included measures of fatigue impact, physical function, depression, anxiety, and global change. Behavioral outcomes included actigraphy and the 6‐minute walking test. Global change ratings were very much improved (n=2), much improved (n=2), improved (n=5), and no change (n=2). Of those reporting improvement, clinically significant actigraphy increases (n=3) and decreases (n=4) were found, as well as no significant change (n=2). The nature of clinical improvement in CBT trials for high‐functioning CFS patients may be more ambiguous than that postulated by the cognitive‐behavioral model. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol, 65:1–20, 2009.
The synthesis and application of 2‐acetyl‐6‐(1‐naphthyl)‐pyridine oxime as a new ligand for palladium precatalyst in Suzuki coupling reaction
Authors: Zhou Yongchang , Kijima Tatsuro , Izumi Taeko
Published: February 2009

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The synthesis of 2‐acetyl‐6‐(1‐naphthyl)‐pyridine oxime ligand from 2,6‐dibromopyridine and 1‐bromo‐naphthalene is described, and the new palladium(II) complex used as a Pd(0) precatalyst in the Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction was studied. The results showed that the novel naphthalene pyridine oxime complex could serve as an efficient precatalyst. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 46, 116 (2009).
An efficient Biginelli one‐pot synthesis of new benzoxazole‐substituted dihydropyrimidinones and thiones catalysed by alumina‐supported trifluoromethane sulfonic acid under solvent free conditions
Authors: Arjun M. , Sridhar D. , Chari M. Adharvana , Sarangapani M.
Published: February 2009

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An efficient synthesis of benzoxazole‐substituted 3,4‐dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs) using alumina supported trifluoromethane sulfonic acid as the catalyst for the first time from an aldehyde, β‐keto ester, and benzoxazole‐substituted urea and thiourea under solvent‐free conditions is described. When compared with the classical Biginelli reaction conditions, this new method consistently has the advantage of excellent yields (80–93%) and short reaction time (30–120 minutes) at 120°C temperature. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 46, 119 (2009).
PhI(OAc)2‐Al2O3 mediated synthesis of 1,8‐naphthyridinyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles under microwave irradiation
Authors: Mogilaiah K. , Anitha E. , Babu H. Sharath , Swamy T. Kumara
Published: February 2009

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Alumina‐supported iodobenzene diacetate [PhI(OAc)2‐Al2O3] is a highly efficient reagent for the oxidative cyclization of [o‐(1,8‐naphthyridin‐2‐yl)phenoxy]acetic acid arylidene hydrazides 4 to 5‐aryl‐2‐[o‐(1,8‐naphthyridin‐2‐yl)phenoxymethyl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles 5 in solvent‐free conditions under microwave irradiation. The products are obtained in good yields and in a state of high purity. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 46, 127 (2009).
One‐pot microwave‐assisted solvent free synthesis of simple alkyl 1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carboxylates by using trimethylsilyl azide
Authors: Taherpour Avat Arman , Kheradmand Khojasteh
Published: February 2009

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A fast one‐pot microwave‐assisted solvent free synthesis of simple alkyl 1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carboxylate derivatives by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions with trimethylsilyl azide (Me3Si‐N3) on the alkylpropiolates and DMAD in high yields is described. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 46, 131 (2009)
Environmental change in northern Belize since the latest Pleistocene
Authors: Metcalfe Sarah , Breen Ann , Murray Malcolm , Furley Peter , Fallick Anthony , McKenzie Angus
Published: February 2009

Cores from the New River Lagoon in Belize have been analysed using a range of palaeolimnological proxies to reconstruct change since the latest Pleistocene. The combination of diatom and stable isotope analyses (supported by mineralogical and major element data) indicate that the New River Lagoon has been a freshwater system throughout the period of record. For most of this time the lagoon has been hydrologically open, but there are indications that it may have become closed in the latest Pleistocene or very early Holocene. This may have been associated with a drier climate and lower sea level. Mid‐Holocene records are consistent with those from elsewhere in the region, indicating a stable and moist climate. The late Holocene was marked by greater variability, but there is no clear evidence of any drying in the late Classic coincident with the Maya ‘collapse’ ca. AD 900. Our results indicate that the continuity of occupation at the Maya site of Lamanai on the shores of the New River Lagoon is consistent with continued access to freshwater during periods of regional climatic variability. The importance of conditions at individual sites when considering both system response and human vulnerability to climate change is emphasised. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metallic compounds (arsenic trioxide and trimethyltin chloride) interact with calcium homeostasis and trigger cell death in “in vitro” systems
Authors: Florea A.‐M. , Büsselberg D.
Published: February 2009

While some metals are essential for normal cell function (e.g. zinc, selenium) others could be highly toxic (lead, mercury) and interestingly, some metallic species have dual effects being toxic and healing agents as well: e. g. arsenic trioxide (As2O3) is used to treat cancer but is also a classical carcinogen. While the mechanisms of interaction with living cells is not fully understood, we propose that the modification of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) induced by metallic compounds could be a main reason of cytotoxicity and/or apoptosis.

Here we have compared the effects of two metal compounds (As2O3) and timethyltin chloride (TMT) on intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) homeostasis using “in vitro” cell models. Earlier experiments have shown that As2O3 and TMT modulate calcium signalling in tumour cells (human neuroblastoma, human cervix adenocarcinoma) as well as in non‐tumour cells (human embryonic kidney) by triggering calcium spikes as well as a sustained increase of [Ca2+]i. This increase was due to a release of Ca2+ from the intracellular calcium stores. Conclusion: metallic compounds like arsenic trioxide As2O3 and TMT interfere with calcium signals sharing some mechanism of action in living cells. In this mini‐overview we compare the effects of As2O3 and TMT on intracellular calcium homeostasis and we discuss possible common effects on triggering toxic effects.
An integrated simulation environment for human gait analysis and evaluation
Authors: Tändl M. , Stark T. , Raab D. , Erol N.E. , Kecskeméthy A. , Löer F.
Published: February 2009

Instrumental gait analysis allows a quantifiable documentation of human gait and motion characteristics. For this reason, this method is widely used for the diagnosis of pathological walking patterns and the rating of therapeutic measures. A drawback of existing systems is their closed architecture, as well as the special knowledge necessary for interpretation and processing of the results. Furthermore, radiological measurements are rarely fused with the gait motion data. This paper describes a new simulation environment suitable for human gait analysis which uses methods of kinematics, dynamics, segmentation and optimization to provide an evaluation of gait motion and radiological data which can be employed for direct medical interpretation. The objective of the simulation environment is a gait‐analysis software that can be used to produce clinically employable results in hospitals, surgeries and individual practice without the need of additional technical staff.
Cell and protein adsorption studies using . quartz crystal microgravimetry with dissipation monitoring
Authors: Moseke C. , Ewald A.
Published: February 2009

The adsorption of plasma proteins fibrinogen and fibronectin on Ti, TiO2 and steel surfaces was examined using quartz‐crystal microgravimetry with dissipation monitoring (QCM‐D). Subsequent coupling of epitope‐specific antibodies revealed information about the orientation of the protein molecules adhered to the surface, the results being confirmed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurements. QCM‐D was also utilized for the characterization of osteoblast and fibroblast adsorption on the same materials. The evaluation of dissipation shifts plotted vs. changes of the resonance frequency showed significant differences in the time‐dependent behavior of the two cell lines adsorbed to the three material surfaces, thus proving QCM‐D as a promising method for judging the specific cell reaction to a given surface and therefore predicting the in‐vivo performance of medical implants. This method is valid especially in combination with a well known biocompatible surface as a control.
Wiki a la carte: Understanding participation behaviors
Authors: Shachaf Pnina , Hara Noriko , Bonk Curt , Mackey Thomas P. , Hemminger Bradley , Stvilia Besiki , Rosenbaum Howard
Published: February 2009

This panel focuses on trends in research on Wikis. Wikis have become prevalent in our society and are used for multiple purposes, such as education, knowledge sharing, collaboration, and coordination. Similar to other popular social computing tools, they raise new research questions and have attracted the attention of researchers in information science. While some focus on the semantic web, the automatic processing of data accumulated by users, and tool improvements, others discuss social implications of Wikis. This panel presents five studies that address the social uses of Wikis that support information sharing. In their studies, the panelists use a variety of novel applications of research methods, such as action research, and online ethnography, site observation, survey, and interviews. The panelists will present their findings: Shachaf and Hara will discuss Wikipedians' norms and behaviors; Bonk will present collaborative writing on Wikibook; Mackey will discuss authorship and collaboration in PBwiki.com; Hemminger will share results from the early use of wikis for conference communications; and Stvilia will outline the community mechanism of information quality assurance in Wikipedia.
The future of institutional repositories: The experts (and audience) debate
Authors: Chan Leslie , Frazier Kenneth , Leach Michael , Peek Robin , Coleman Anita , Eschenfelder Kristin
Published: February 2009

“Every university in the world can and should have its own open‐access, OAI‐compliant repository…” Suber 2006

Panel goals: Panel members, each of whom brings different expert knowledge about institutional repositories (IR), will take turns answering a set of provocative questions about the future of IR and challenges inherent in ongoing management of IR. Panelists will also be given an opportunity to respond to each others' comments and audience members will also contribute questions to the discussion. The debate style format will give audience members a rich understanding of the challenges related to IR

The IR experts on this panel will debate the future of IR in academic institutions globally. Specific questions the moderator will pose to the panelists may include the following:

How will IRs come to vary across in 10 years in terms of presence or absence, but also in terms of the types of materials collected? (e.g., preprints versus local digital collections)?

What will the relationship between university libraries and disciplinary IRs be in 10 years? What will be the relationship between IR and scholarly societies, especially those which publish journals?

Under what circumstances will consortial or outsourced efforts become popular?

Under what circumstances should we expect increases in deposit activity among researchers and faculty?

Under what circumstances will IRs change the status of developing nation scholars and the typical flows of scholarly communications?

How would our investments in IR be assessed? From an economic/financial perspective? From a status perspective? From the promotion and tenure perspective? From an open access perspective?

How will IR be funded in the long term?

Questions from the audience will be welcomed.
The complexity and value of managing in the digital environment
Authors: Detlor Brian , Turnbull Don , Mackenzie Maureen , Smith James P.
Published: February 2009

This session combines individual presentations with a group discussion. The focus of this session and the expertise of this panel bring together ways of coordinating, evangelizing and adapting in organizations that are more connected digitally than physically. The digital environment is both a management blessing and a burden. The panelists offer varying viewpoints and perspectives into our expanding digital world.

The panel session will begin with a brief description of the panel's overall theme and its relevance and importance to the broader ASIST community. This will set the stage and provide context to the three individual panelist presentations. Each panelist will situate his or her talk in context to the overall theme and will elicit key insights and recommendations pertaining to this theme. This should provide a powerful mechanism to engage conversation and the sharing of ideas between panel members and audience participants.

This session reflects the interests of SIG‐MGT membership and aligns with the ASIST 2007 theme of “Joining Research and Practice: Social Computing and Information Science”
Seeking knowledge in a social world: Epistemological pathways
Authors: Meyers Eric M. , Dirndorfer Anderson Theresa , Sundin Olof , Unsworth Kris
Published: February 2009

Epistemology – the study of knowledge and knowing – is of central concern to information science (Budd, 2001; Dick, 2002; Hjørland, 2002). Jesse Shera, who coined the term social epistemology with Margaret Egan, suggested that information science is intimately connected to the “production, flow, integration and consumption of all forms of communicated thought throughout the entire social fabric” (1970: 86). Aiding people in the acquisition of knowledge thus becomes the sine qua non of information services and technologies (Fallis, 2006). As social computing and advances in information and communications technologies (ICTs) change the way we seek and use information personally and professionally, it becomes critical that information scientists understand how social processes influence knowledge acquisition. This panel explores empirically and theoretically how people seek and construct knowledge in a social world.
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Authors: Rosenbaum Howard , Davenport Elisabeth
Published: February 2009

Introduction

We are moving rapidly into a new phase of the digital environment colloquially labelled Web 2.0. Characterized by the emergence of powerful applications that allow and encourage the formation of different types of social networks, Web 2.0 is changing the nature of online communities. The rich applications that form the infrastructure that supports these communities include blogs, wikis, RSS, social tagging, folksonomies and others. These 2.0 technologies also enable an architecture of participation, an outcome of which are vast and growing troves of data and information. These digital artefacts are the raw materials of memory; the infrastructures of these online communities shape and guide the emergence of memory – what is remembered and what is forgotten.

How can this phenomenon be studied? If it can be studied, what are some useful theoretical and methodological strategies that can be brought to bear? In the panel, we propose to explore the issues involved in the study of “memory practices, ” an intriguing concept introduced by Bowker (2005).
Revisiting the foundations of information discovery and access systems
Authors: Buckland Michael , Greenberg Jane , La Barre Kathryn , Palmer Carole
Published: February 2009

Each year, the pace of building digital resource and data repositories increases. Multiple challenges face each project, for which no adequate technological solution may exist. The focus of this panel moves beyond construction to address the question: What assumptions and principles lie beneath the technology scaffolding digital environments? The members of this panel are engaged in open exploration and reconsideration of the roles played by representational and organizational structures that seek to support, and which sometimes impair discovery, access and use. These structures take shape in metadata, vocabulary and classificatory frameworks. Specific topics covered will include heritage classificatory work well‐suited for application in digital environments, an inversion of the role of metadata as infrastructure for documents, application of bibliographic relationship taxonomies such as FRBR in tracking the life cycle of data objects, and potential definition and organizational roles to be played by collection level representations.
Internet/computer addiction among juveniles in Turkey
Authors: Ozmutlu Seda , Ozmutlu H. Cenk , Spink Amanda
Published: February 2009

Internet and computer addiction has been a popular research area since the 90s. Studies on Internet and computer addiction have usually been conducted in the US, and the investigation of computer and Internet addiction at different countries is an interesting area of research. This study investigates computer and Internet addiction among teenagers and Internet cafe visitors in Turkey. We applied a survey to 983 visitors in the Internet cafes. The results show that the Internet cafe visitors are usually teenagers, mostly middle and high‐school students and usually are busy with computer and Internet applications like chat, e‐mail, browsing and games. The teenagers come to the Internet cafe to spend time with friends and the computers. In addition, about 30% of cafe visitors admit to having an Internet addiction, and about 20% specifically mention the problems that they are having with the Internet. It is rather alarming to consider the types of activities that the teenagers are performing in an Internet cafe, their reasons for being there, the percentage of self‐awareness about Internet addiction, and the lack of control of applications in the cafe.
Collection‐level user searches in federated digital resource environment
Authors: Zavalina Oksana
Published: February 2009

As part of a federation project providing integrated access to over 160 digital collections, we are studying how collections can best be represented to meet the needs of diverse user communities. This paper reports preliminary transaction log analysis results from that project on subject representation of the digital collections. The findings reveal prevalence of the broadly defined subject search at the collection level, and the lack of semantic similarity between the user queries and the GEM controlled vocabulary terms used for collection description. Based on the actual search data, it is recommended that the 2nd group of entities in the FRBR model be updated to cover ethnic/national groups and classes of persons. The paper proposes definitions of the two major collection‐level search types ‐ known‐item and subject ‐ and formulates research questions for further investigation into subject access to federated collections.
End‐user collection building behavior in Flickr
Authors: Stvilia Besiki , Jörgensen Corinne
Published: February 2009

This article analyzes photoset and group naming conventions in Flickr to gain insight into the collection building behavior of Flickr users. It appears that individual user photosets are focused more on the components of the user's context and evolve from the bottom‐up based on selected shared attributes of the user's photos. Group collections, on the other hand, seem to be organized more around general concepts or discussions of group members' work and constructed top‐down by matching the photo attributes to the purpose of the group. The article identifies ten categories of attributes that users might use for forming digital photo collections and compares these to earlier research.
Can I email this? The use restrictions found in licensed digital resources
Authors: Eschenfelder Kristin R.
Published: February 2009

Recent digital library research has raised concerns about how use restrictions, such as limits on printing or emailing, may affect licensed digital resource usability. This paper describes the results of a study to investigate the types of technological protection measure (TPM) based use restrictions that authorized users of licensed scholarly resources experience when making typical use of licensed resources. Data collection involved a use based assessment of a sample of resources from engineering, health sciences and history/art history. Analysis developed a framework of observed TPM. The framework distinguishes between “hard” and “soft” TPM and identifies 6 subtypes of soft TPM including extent of use, frustration, obfuscation, omission, decomposition, and threat. The study concludes that soft TPM are common in licensed scholarly resources and while hard TPM are less common, they are not unknown. The framework provides a vocabulary to distinguish between different types of use restrictions and to therefore test which use restrictions may create more usability problems.
ChatterCrop: Reaping the benefits of online product reviews
Authors: Sharma Nikhil , Khopkar Tapan , Otterbacher Jahna
Published: February 2009

Web 2.0 has allowed online shoppers to become not just information seekers but also information providers. Many e‐commerce venues allow users to share their experiences in the form of textual product reviews. While textual product reviews represent a wealth of information for candidate buyers, finding pertinent information becomes difficult, as the number of reviews for a particular product becomes large, or if the buyer is interested in particular features of an item. We present ChatterCrop, a tool that uses text summarization. ChatterCrop condenses the information from a large set of reviews into a few sentences, and allows users to customize these summaries for feature‐focused search. In a user study, subjects used ChatterCrop and a sortable list of reviews, to answer questions about two camcorder models. When looking for information about particular features, ChatterCrop outperformed the list, in terms user confidence and perceived ease in finding pertinent information. ChatterCrop's summaries also provided users with starting points to guide further research, and were particularly helpful in the early stages of sensemaking.
Query expansion: Internet mining vs. pseudo relevance feedback
Authors: Roussinov Dmitri , Muresan Gheorghe
Published: February 2009

We report an investigation of techniques for mining world wide web in order to identify terms (single words or phrases) that are highly related to a topic (query) described by a short (one sentence or a paragraph‐long) interest statement. These terms are subsequently used to improve automated document retrieval. By following a standard testing methodology, we established that our technique improves the effectiveness of retrieval up to 8% over BM25 combined with pseudo‐relevance feedback, which is currently known to be one of the best ranking functions, and was indeed the strongest baseline in our studies
How incorrect information delivers correct search results: A pragmatic analysis of queries
Authors: Lee Jin Ha , Renear Allen
Published: February 2009

Although the accuracy of the information relied on in formulating known‐item search queries is generally regarded as critical to the search success of those queries, it has been observed that in some cases, such as music information retrieval, searching is often successful even when the information the queries are based on is flawed. Resolving this puzzle is important to a comprehensive understanding of information seeking in general and, perhaps, the success of new social indexing strategies in particular. One promising source of insight is the area of linguistics known as pragmatics. We show how a particular concept from pragmatics, the attributive/referential distinction, can illuminate how queries can function effectively independently of the apparent accuracy of the information they seem to rely on. This suggests possible new directions for the development of more effective information retrieval systems.
Spatial perception of blind people by auditory maps on a tablet PC
Authors: Jeong Wooseob
Published: February 2009

Although a tablet PC is designed mainly for sighted people, there are potential applications for the blind. An auditory map system for the blind is proposed as one of the applications on a tablet PC. The proposed application requires no additional devices or software other than a table PC, which would be a cheap alternative to expensive existing tools for the blind people. With the frame work of dimensionality from geography, point‐line‐area, more systematic testing is conducted with 20 totally blind people, to provide valuable information about the potential implementation of an auditory interface on a geographic information system for the blind. Moreover, since the participants are totally blind and the number of them is much more than other research on the blind, it will provide more valid information and conditions necessary for the implementation.
Tagging the tags… Process, observations and analysis of conversations in metatagging at an ASIST interactive poster session
Authors: Graham Jennifer E. , Abbas June M.
Published: February 2009

Results from a 2006 ASIST poster session on tagger's motivations are presented. Researcher's conducted short conversations with conference participants as they viewed the researchers' poster and tagged its contents. Using a content analysis method, researchers' conversations with participants were analyzed. Content analysis revealed six broad themes or “clusters” of interest: 1) General, 2) Observations, 3) Specific Uses/Suggestions, 4) Curricular, 5) Concerns and 6) Opportunities/Potentials. Within those clusters various specific points were ranked by frequency of occurrence. Overall findings indicate the ASIST community is interested in seeing what happens with this phenomenon, but voiced very real concerns about the longevity of tagging, specific uses in scholarly environments, and the effect it will have on annotation, bibliographic, and subject analysis.
Changes in cortically induced inhibition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with time
Authors: Attarian Shahram , Pouget Jean , Schmied Annie
Published: February 2009

Changes in intracortical inhibition have been detected by means of paired‐pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) based on electromyographic recordings in many neurological or psychiatric disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). By contrast, inhibitory responses have been generally overlooked in single motor unit (MU) studies in patients with ALS. The aim of this study was to investigate the TMS‐induced inhibitory responses of single MUs in peristimulus time histograms and the changes observed with time. For this purpose, 263 MUs were tested in 10 ALS patients in two to four recording sessions. Upon subdividing the data into epochs corresponding to mean disease durations of 12, 20, 32, 43, and 168 months, we found that inhibitory responses occurred more frequently than normal throughout the course of the disease and were stronger than normal during the first year after disease onset. This finding argues against the hypothesis that loss of inhibition may be part of the pathogenic process in ALS. Muscle Nerve 39: 310–317, 2009
A novel mutation in the VCP gene (G157R) in a german family with inclusion‐body myopathy with paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Djamshidian Atbin , Schaefer Jochen , Haubenberger Dietrich , Stogmann Elisabeth , Zimprich Friedrich , Auff Eduard , Zimprich Alexander
Published: February 2009

Mutations in the valosin‐containing protein (VCP) are known to cause autosomal‐dominant inclusion‐body myopathy with Paget's disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD). We report a novel missense mutation (G157R) in the N‐terminal region of the VCP gene in a German family. Family members presented with mild to moderate proximal muscle weakness, Paget disease of bone, and signs of early cognitive decline, with onset in the fourth decade. Two family members also showed signs of early hearing impairment, which was confirmed to be sensorineural in one person, a symptom not yet described in the context of IBMPFD. Muscle Nerve 39: 389–391, 2009
Finite element formulation for poroelastic problem with zero effective stress boundary condition
Authors: Xu Bin , Wong Ron C. K.
Published: February 2009

Zero effective stress boundary condition along with constant fluid flux is commonly encountered in geotechnical applications such as uncased borehole stability, fluid injection and production at an uncased borehole, hydraulic fracturing and sand production. This complex boundary condition introduces high nonlinearity in the numerical simulation. Conventional iterative methods such as Newton–Raphson method are required to solve this nonlinear problem iteratively, which involve huge computing time and also pose numerical difficulties on the convergence. To overcome this numerical difficulty and hence reduce the computing time, a novel numerical technique is proposed in this paper. Its performance is evaluated using a numerical example simulating fluid injection around an uncased borehole. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adenovirus‐mediated cytosine deaminase/5‐fluorocytosine suicide gene therapy of human hepatoblastoma in vitro
Authors: Warmann Steven W. , Armeanu Sorin , Heigoldt Heike , Ruck Peter , Vonthein Reinhard , Heitmann Heike , Seitz Guido , Lemken Marie‐Luise , Bitzer Michael , Fuchs Jörg , Lauer Ulrich M.
Published: February 2009

Background

Multidrug resistance is a key factor for the sobering outcome of relapsed and metastatic human hepatoblastoma (HB). Gene directed treatment approaches were recently identified as possible treatment options against advanced HB, in which standard chemotherapy regimens are partially insufficient. The aim of this study was to systematically analyze the effects of suicide gene therapy in three HB cell lines using a yeast‐derived cytosine deaminase (YCD)‐combined yeast uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (YUPRT)‐based adenovirus‐mediated gene transfer.

Procedure

YCD and YUPRT were fused to form the bifunctional suicide gene SuperCD. Adeonoviral vectors were used for transduction. Tumor cells transduced at MOI 50 were incubated with 5‐fluorocytosine (5‐FC) in ascending concentrations.

Results

Transduction rates were 87.8% (+6.7) in the mixed HB cell line HUH6, 98.6% (+1.4) in the epithelial HB cell line HepT1 and 93.6% (+0.6) in the multifocal HB embryonal cell line HepT3, respectively. In HepT3 and HepT1 cells suicide gene therapy with SuperCD/5‐FC was highly effective leading to HB cell damage far above those of application of the prodrug 5‐FC only. In HUH6 cells the approach had no effect due to a lack in activity of the CMV promoter being employed for transcription of the SuperCD transgene.

Conclusion

Assuming employment of fully active promoters, the SuperCD/5‐FC approach may serve as a potentially useful anti‐tumor strategy against advanced HB. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:145–151. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Handover prioritizing scheme for reducing call failure probability in cellular wireless network
Authors: Garah M. , Benatia D.
Published: February 2009

This paper proposes a scheme suitable for managing handover in wireless cellular network. The main objective of the proposed scheme is to reduce the probability of forced termination of ongoing call due to handover failure. The scheme employs a queuing discipline, and the priority of queued is based on the residual time of the mobile user in the overlap region between two adjacent cells, assuming that the user's location and speed can be determined, then we applied the ascending priority; it means that the users having a shorter residual time join the head of the queue (i.e., high priority) while those having longer residual time at the end of the queue (i.e., low priority). Fixed channel allocation strategy (FCA) is employed and simulation results obtained concern: call blocking probability (CBP), handover failure probability, and average waiting time in the queue. Also simulation results are compared to those obtained by: non‐prioritized scheme (FCA), and FCA queuing with FIFO discipline. Results show that our proposed method decreases significantly handover failure probability compared with other two schemes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rare‐Earth‐Rich Magnesium Compounds RE23Rh7Mg4 (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) with Tetrahedral Mg4 Clusters
Authors: Linsinger Stefan , Tuncel Selcan , Hermes Wilfried , Eul Matthias , Chevalier Bernard , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: February 2009

The rare earth‐rich compounds RE23Rh7Mg4 (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) were prepared by induction‐melting the elements in sealed tantalum tubes. The new compounds were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction. They crystallize with the hexagonal Pr23Ir7Mg4 type structure, space group P63mc. The structures of La23Rh7Mg4 (a = 1019.1(1), c = 2303.7(4) pm, wR2 = 0.0827, 1979 F2 values, 69 variables), Nd23Rh7Mg4 (a = 995.4(2), c = 2242.3(5) pm, wR2 = 0.0592, 2555 F2 values, 74 variables) and Gd23Rh6.86(5)Mg4 (a = 980.5(2), c = 2205.9(5) pm, wR2 = 0.0390, 2083 F2 values, 71 variables) were refined from single crystal X‐ray diffractometer data. The three crystallographically different rhodium atoms have trigonal prismatic rare earth coordination with short RE–Rh distances (283–300 pm in Nd23Rh7Mg4). The prisms are condensed via common edges, leading to a rigid three‐dimensional network in which isolated Mg4 tetrahedra (312–317 pm Mg–Mg in Nd23Rh7Mg4) are embedded. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility data of Ce23Rh7Mg4 indicate Curie‐Weiss behavior with an experimental magnetic moment of 2.52(1) μB/Ce atom, indicative for stable trivalent cerium. Antiferromagnetic ordering is evident at 2.9 K.
Synthesis and Characterization of β‐Diketiminate Zinc Complexes
Authors: Schulz Stephan , Eisenmann Tamara , Westphal Ulrich , Schmidt Sarah , Flörke Ulrich
Published: February 2009

The monomeric β‐diketiminate zinc complex (Mes)NacNacZnMe 1 (MesNacNac = {[2,6‐(2,4,6‐Me3‐C6H2)N(Me)C)]2CH}) was obtained in almost quantitative yield from the reaction of ZnMe2 with (Mes)NacNacH. Reaction of 1 with either Me3NHCl or a solution of HCl in Et2O yielded (Mes)NacNacZnCl 2, whereas (Mes)NacNacZnI 3 was obtained from the reaction of 1 with I2. 1–3 were characterized by elemental analyses, mass and multinuclear (1H, 13C{1H}) NMR spectroscopy, 3·THF also by single crystal X‐ray analysis.
Multidimensional Snowflake‐shaped (3, 9)‐connected Metal‐Organic Frameworks Composed of Ni3(μ3‐O) Building Blocks and Symmetry Ligand Pyridine‐3,5‐dicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Du Lin , Wang Kun‐Miao , Fang Rui‐Bing , Zhao Qi‐Hua
Published: February 2009

A metal‐organic polymer [Ni3(μ3‐O)(PDB)3]·H2O (1) (PDB = pyridine‐3,5‐dicarboxylate), with antiferromagnetic interactions between the adjacent Ni atoms, containing trinuclear μ3‐oxo‐bridged metal units Ni3(μ3‐O) have been synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of the achiral building blocks pyridine‐3,5‐dicarboxylate (3,5‐PDB) and Ni(NO3)2·4H2O. Compound 1 shows a high symmetry three‐dimensional snowflake‐shaped (3, 9)‐connected topology structures in which μ3‐oxo mixed‐valence Ni3O(CO2)6 clusters act as nine‐connected nodes and PDB ligands act as three‐connected nodes.
Nickel(II)‐Complexes of Aliphatic and Aromatic Nitro Compounds: Preparation and Crystal Structures of [Ni2L(μ1,3‐O2NC6H4O)][ClO4] and [Ni2L(μ1,3‐O2P(OC6H4NO2)2)][BPh4] (L = macrocyclic hexaamine‐dithiophenolate ligand)
Authors: Steinfeld Gunther , Kersting Berthold
Published: February 2009

The dinuclear NiII complex [Ni2LCl][ClO4] (1[ClO4]), where L2− is a 24‐membered macrocyclic hexaamine‐dithiophenolate ligand, has been examined regarding its ability to coordinate organic nitro compounds (i.e. para‐nitrophenolate, nitromethane, and bis(para‐nitrophenyl)phosphate). Complex 1[ClO4] reacts with para‐nitrophenolate in methanol to produce [Ni2L(μ1,3‐O2NC6H4O)][ClO4] (2[ClO4]), the crystal structure determination of which reveals a bridging para‐nitrophenolate ligand in its aci‐nitro resonance form. The reaction of 1[ClO4] with nitromethane in basic solution affords the known nitrite complex [Ni2L(μ1,2‐NO2)][ClO4] (3[ClO4]), rather than an aci‐nitromethanid complex [Ni2L(μ1,2‐O2N=CH2)]+ (4). The reaction of 1[ClO4] with bis(para‐nitrophenyl)phosphate yielded [Ni2L(μ1,3‐O2P(OC6H4NO2)2)]+ (5), which reveals a μ1,3‐bridging bis(para‐nitrophenyl)phosphate‐ligand.
Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Cyano‐bridged Dinuclear Compound fac‐{[FeIII(pzTp)(CN)2(μ‐CN)] CuII(TPyA)}·Et2O·ClO4 (pzTp = tetrakis(pyrazolyl)borate)
Authors: Wu Da‐Yu , Sato Osamu
Published: February 2009

The reaction of tricyanometallate precursor, (Bu4N)[(pzTp)Fe(CN)3] with Cu(ClO4)2·6H2O in the presence of the tetradentate ligand tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine (TPyA) afford the dinuclear compound fac‐{[FeIII(pzTp)(CN)2(μ‐CN)]CuII(TPA)}·Et2O·ClO4 (1) (pzTp = tetrakis(pyrazolyl)borate). The molecular structure was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In compound 1, the FeIII ion is coordinated by three cyanide carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms of pzTp anions. Whereas, the CuII ion is surrounded by one cyanide nitrogen atom and four nitrogen atoms from the TPyA ligand. Magnetic measurements indicate the intramolecular ferromagnetic coupling is observed for compound 1, and it has S = 1 ground states.
Neuartige Silane mit sterisch anspruchsvollen Aryl‐Substituenten
Authors: Weidemann Nils , Schnakenburg Gregor , Filippou Alexander C.
Published: February 2009

Novel Silanes with Sterically Demanding Aryl Substituents

A series of novel m‐terphenylsilanes was synthesized and fully characterized. Halogenation of Si(C6H3‐2,6‐Trip2)H3 (1, Trip = C6H2‐2,4,6‐iPr3) with ICl and BI3 afforded the m‐terphenylmonochlorosilane Si(C6H3‐2,6‐Trip2)H2Cl (2) and the m‐terphenyldiiodosilane Si(C6H3‐2,6‐Trip2)HI2 (3), respectively. The chiral phosphanylmethylsilane Si(C6H3‐2,6‐Trip2)HCl(CH2PMe2) (6) was obtained by metathetical exchange of Si(C6H3‐2,6‐Trip2)HCl2 (4) with the Grignard reagent Me2PCH2MgCl (5). Similarly, metathetical exchange of SiBr4 with 0.5 equiv. of {Li(C6H3‐2,6‐Mes)}2 (7) yielded the m‐terphenyltribromsilane Si(C6H3‐2,6‐Mes2)Br3 (8). A Pd(II) catalyzed reaction of MesSiH3 (10) with 2‐iodopropane afforded the triiodosilane MesSiI3 (11) bearing the sterically less demanding mesityl substituent. The silanes were fully characterized and the molecular structures of compounds 2 and 11 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction.
Tetrachloroferrate(III) Complexes Containing Some Heteroaromatic Organic Cations: Structures and Magnetic Properties
Authors: James Bruce D. , Mrozinski Jerzy , Klak Julia , Skelton Brian W. , White Allan H.
Published: February 2009

The crystal structures of tetrachloroferrate(III) complexes having stoichiometry (BH)+ [FeCl4]− (where B = isoquinoline and 4‐aminopyridine) were determined at 100 K. While weak interactions, particularly N–H···Cl hydrogen bonds, are evident in the structures, distances between the Fe(III) centers are quite long in both cases. The structure of the compound with B = quinoline was compared with that previously established at room temperature, and showed that neither solid‐solid nor magnetic phase transitions occurred in this temperature range. Magnetic measurements on the paramagnetic powders indicate weak antiferromagnetic interactions transmitted through the crystal lattice, giving rise to Néel temperatures that are significantly below 10 K. Comparisons are made with other characterized [FeCl4]− compounds having similar organic base cations, enabling clarification of the superexchange mechanism.