bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Five-Year Change in Body Mass Index Predicts Conversion to Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia Only in APOE ɛ4 Allele Carriers
Authors: Kadey Kylie R. , Woodard John L. , Moll Allison C. , Nielson Kristy A. , Smith J. Carson , Durgerian Sally , Rao Stephen M.
Published: March 2021

Background: Body mass index (BMI) has been identified as an important modifiable lifestyle risk factor for dementia, but less is known about how BMI might interact with Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 (APOE ɛ4) carrier status to predict conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between APOE ɛ4 status and baseline (bBMI) and five-year BMI change (ΔBMI) on conversion to MCI or dementia in initially cognitively healthy older adults. Methods: The associations between bBMI, ΔBMI, APOE ɛ4 status, and conversion to MCI or dementia were investigated among 1,289 cognitively healthy elders from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) database. Results: After five years, significantly more carriers (30.6%) converted to MCI or dementia than noncarriers (17.6%), p < 0.001, OR = 2.06. Neither bBMI (OR = 0.99, 95%CI = 0.96–1.02) nor the bBMI by APOE interaction (OR = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.96–1.08) predicted conversion. Although ΔBMI also did not significantly predict conversion (OR = 0.90, 95%CI = 0.78–1.04), the interaction between ΔBMI and carrier status was significant (OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.53–0.98). For carriers only, each one-unit decline in BMI over five years was associated with a 27%increase in the odds of conversion (OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.57–0.94). Conclusion: A decline in BMI over five years, but not bBMI, was strongly associated with conversion to MCI or dementia only for APOE ɛ4 carriers. Interventions and behaviors aimed at maintaining body mass may be important for long term cognitive health in older adults at genetic risk for AD.
Changes in the Morphology, Number, and Protein Levels of Plasma Exosomes in CADASIL Patients
Authors: Gao Dandan , Shang Junkui , Sun Ruihua , Shi Yingying , Jiang Haisong , Ma Mingming , Zhang Jiewen
Published: March 2021

Background: Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles which are secreted by cells and usually found in body fluids. Previous research has shown that exosomal secretion and autophagy-lysosomal pathway synergistically participates in intracellular abnormal protein elimination. The main pathological manifestations of Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is abnormal accumulation of mutant NOTCH3, and CADASIL vascular smooth muscle cells have been found with autophagy-lysosomal dysfunction. However, whether plasma exosomes change in CADASIL patients is still unclear. Objective: We are aimed to investigate the differences of plasma exosomes between CADASIL patients and healthy controls. Methods: The subjects included 30 CADASIL patients and 30 healthy controls without NOTCH3 mutation. The severity of white matter lesions (WMLs) of CADASIL patients was quantified by Fazekas score. Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis were performed to characterize plasma exosomes. In addition, NOTCH3, Neurofilament light and Aβ42 levels in plasma exosomes were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: We found that exosomes from CADASIL patients were lower in quantity. In addition, CADASIL plasma exosomes had significantly lower levels of NOTCH3 and significantly increased levels of NFL than those of matched healthy subjects. Interestingly, plasma exosome NOTCH3 levels of CADASIL patients significantly correlated with severity of WMLs. Conclusion: The exosome NOTCH3 may be related to the pathological changes of CADASIL, which provides a basis for the pathogenesis research of CADASIL. In addition, plasma exosome NOTCH3 and NFL levels may act as biomarkers to monitor and predict disease progression and measure therapeutic effectiveness in the future clinical trials.
MADA problem: A new scheme based on D numbers and aggregation functions
Authors: Mi Xiangjun , Tian Ye , Kang Bingyi
Published: March 2021

Describing and processing complex as well as ambiguous and uncertain information has always been an inescapable and challenging topic in multi-attribute decision analysis (MADA) problems. As an extension of Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory, D numbers breaks through the constraints of the constraint framework and is a new way of expressing uncertainty. The soft likelihood function based on POWA operator is one of the most useful tools recently developed for dealing with uncertain information, since it provides a more excellent performance for the aggregation of multiple compatible evidence. Recently, a new MADA model based on D numbers has been proposed, called DMADA. In this paper, inspired by the above mentioned theories, based on soft likelihood functions, POWA aggregation and D numbers we design a novel model to improve the performance of representing and processing uncertain information in MADA problems as an improvement of the DMADA approach. In contrast, our advantages include mainly the following. Firstly, the proposed method considers the reliability characteristics of each initial D number information. Secondly, the proposed method empowers decision makers with the possibility to express their perceptions through attitudinal features. In addition, an interesting finding is that the preference parameter in the proposed method can clearly distinguish the variability between candidates by adjusting the space values between adjacent alternatives, making the decision results clearer. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of this model are proved through analysis and testing.
Efficient Unet with depth-aware gated fusion for automatic skin lesion segmentation
Authors: Ding Xiangwen , Wang Shengsheng
Published: March 2021

Melanoma is a very serious disease. The segmentation of skin lesions is a critical step for diagnosing melanoma. However, skin lesions possess the characteristics of large size variations, irregular shapes, blurring borders, and complex background information, thus making the segmentation of skin lesions remain a challenging problem. Though deep learning models usually achieve good segmentation performance for skin lesion segmentation, they have a large number of parameters and FLOPs, which limits their application scenarios. These models also do not make good use of low-level feature maps, which are essential for predicting detailed information. The Proposed EUnet-DGF uses MBconv to implement its lightweight encoder and maintains a strong encoding ability. Moreover, the depth-aware gated fusion block designed by us can fuse feature maps of different depths and help predict pixels on small patterns. The experiments conducted on the ISIC 2017 dataset and PH2 dataset show the superiority of our model. In particular, EUnet-DGF only accounts for 19% and 6.8% of the original Unet in terms of the number of parameters and FLOPs. It possesses a great application potential in practical computer-aided diagnosis systems.
Lightweight detection algorithm for fine-grained surface defects of aerospace seal rings
Authors: Liu Hui , He Boxia , He Yong , Tao Xiaotian
Published: March 2021

The existing seal ring surface defect detection methods for aerospace applications have the problems of low detection efficiency, strong specificity, large fine-grained classification errors, and unstable detection results. Considering these problems, a fine-grained seal ring surface defect detection algorithm for aerospace applications is proposed. Based on analysis of the stacking process of standard convolution, heat maps of original pixels in the receptive field participating in the convolution operation are quantified and generated. According to the generated heat map, the feature extraction optimization method of convolution combinations with different dilation rates is proposed, and an efficient convolution feature extraction network containing three kinds of dilated convolutions is designed. Combined with the O-ring surface defect features, a multiscale defect detection network is designed. Before the head of multiscale classification and position regression, feature fusion tree modules are added to ensure the reuse and compression of the responsive features of different receptive fields on the same scale feature maps. Experimental results show that on the O-rings-3000 testing dataset, the mean condition accuracy of the proposed algorithm reaches 95.10% for 5 types of surface defects of aerospace O-rings. Compared with RefineDet, the mean condition accuracy of the proposed algorithm is only reduced by 1.79%, while the parameters and FLOPs are reduced by 35.29% and 64.90%, respectively. Moreover, the proposed algorithm has good adaptability to image blur and light changes caused by the cutting of imaging hardware, thus saving the cost.
Clinical and Molecular Spectrum Associated with COL6A3 c.7447A>G p.(Lys2483Glu) Variant: Elucidating its Role in Collagen VI-related Myopathies
Authors: Villar-Quiles Rocío N. , Donkervoort Sandra , de Becdelièvre Alix , Gartioux Corine , Jobic Valérie , Foley A. Reghan , McCarty Riley M. , Hu Ying , Menassa Rita , Michel Laurence , Gousse Gaelle , Lacour Arnaud , Petiot Philippe , Streichenberger Nathalie , Choumert Ariane , Declerck Léa , Urtizberea J.A. , Sole Guilhem , Furby Alain , Cérino Matthieu , Krahn Martin , Campana- Salort Emmanuelle , Ferreiro Ana , Eymard Bruno , Bönnemann Carsten G. , Bharucha-Goebel Diana , Sumner Charlotte J. , Connolly Anne M. , Richard Pascale , Allamand Valérie , Métay Corinne , Stojkovic Tanya
Published: March 2021

Background:

Dominant and recessive autosomal pathogenic variants in the three major genes ( COL6A1-A2-A3) encoding the extracellular matrix protein collagen VI underlie a group of myopathies ranging from early-onset severe conditions (Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy) to milder forms maintaining independent ambulation (Bethlem myopathy). Diagnosis is based on the combination of clinical presentation, muscle MRI, muscle biopsy, analysis of collagen VI secretion, and COL6A1-A2-A3 genetic analysis, the interpretation of which can be challenging.

Objective:

To refine the phenotypical spectrum associated with the frequent COL6A3 missense variant c.7447A>G (p.Lys2483Glu).

Methods:

We report the clinical and molecular findings in 16 patients: 12 patients carrying this variant in compound heterozygosity with another COL6A3 variant, and four homozygous patients.

Results:

Patients carrying this variant in compound heterozygosity with a truncating COL6A3 variant exhibit a phenotype consistent with COL6-related myopathies (COL6-RM), with joint contractures, proximal weakness and skin abnormalities. All remain ambulant in adulthood and only three have mild respiratory involvement. Most show typical muscle MRI findings. In five patients, reduced collagen VI secretion was observed in skin fibroblasts cultures. All tested parents were unaffected heterozygous carriers. Conversely, two out of four homozygous patients did not present with the classical COL6-RM clinical and imaging findings. Collagen VI immunolabelling on cultured fibroblasts revealed rather normal secretion in one and reduced secretion in another. Muscle biopsy from one homozygous patient showed myofibrillar disorganization and rimmed vacuoles.

Conclusions:

In light of our results, we postulate that the COL6A3 variant c.7447A>G may act as a modulator of the clinical phenotype. Thus, in patients with a typical COL6-RM phenotype, a second variant must be thoroughly searched for, while for patients with atypical phenotypes further investigations should be conducted to exclude alternative causes. This works expands the clinical and molecular spectrum of COLVI-related myopathies.
Quality of life and adherence to mediterranean diet among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of a primary health care clinic in Hebron city, Palestine
Authors: Badrasawi Manal , Hamdan May , Al Tamimi Mohammad
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a lifelong metabolic disease with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. Uncontrolled and untreated diabetes results in serious complications that subsequently cause patients’ quality of life (QoL) to deteriorate. Adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) may relieve the complications of diabetes, thereby improving the quality of life for these patients. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the QoL of DM patients who adhered to MD. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we examined the QoL and MD data of 106 DM II patients being treated at a primary health care clinic in Hebron. We used the SF-36 questionnaire to measure the patients’ QoL and the MEDAS tool to assess their MD adherence. We also recorded their anthropometric measurements, abdominal obesity, lifestyle habits and blood biochemical results. RESULTS: The sample comprised male and female DM II patients between the ages of 35 and 72, with their mean age being 55.8±10.24. Patients’ QoL scores showed a significant relationship with three BMI categories, i.e., total QoL score, physical function, and pain domains (p < 0.05). In terms of diet, high adherence to MD had a positive impact on all domains and on patients’ total QoL with significant differences in physical functioning, emotional well-being, social functioning and pain domains. CONCLUSION: Patients’ QoL domains were relatively low and highly affected by DM II. Patients with greater MD adherence reported higher scores in all QoL domains. Significantly higher scores were noted for the physical, social and pain domains. Hence, MD is a recommended dietary pattern for DM II patients to achieve a better QoL.
Changes of electrical impedance characteristics with the radiation induced damage on biological tissue constituents
Authors: Kil Sang Hyeong , Kim Gyeong Rip , Lee Moo Seok , Kwak Jong Hyeok , Lim Yeong Hyeon , Kim Gun Do , Lee Jong Kyu
Published: March 2021

This study analyzes the response of increasing radiation dose to the pork tenderloin tissue. Considering its significant cell structure, pork tenderloin tissue samples are selected for the experimental objects to measure their electrical impedance characteristics. This study proposes and investigates an effective approach to characterize the variation of the internal change of the components of pork tenderloin tissues caused by radiation. Changes in the pork tenderloin tissues are that the gap of the myotome is more far apart with increase of radiation dose because of the destroyed Myofibrils under the damage. With the increase of radiation dose, the impedance value of the pork tenderloin tissue decreases. Each of mean differences in the impedance values before and after irradiation dose under 1 Gy, 2 Gy and 4 Gy show 0.55±0.03, 1.09±0.14 and 1.97±0.14, respectively. However, the mean difference substantially increases to 13.08±0.16 at irradiation dose of 10 Gy. Thus, the cell membrane shows the most severe rupture at a radiation dose of 10 Gy. Changes in the microstructure of the irradiated pork tenderloin tissue samples are also checked and validated by a transmission electron microscope.
METHODOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF DOMESTIC CRIMINAL SCIENCE: FORMATION OF COMPARATIVE METHOD DURING THE MIDDLE OF XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY
Authors:   Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Denysov Serhiy , Puzyrevskyi Maksym ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service
Published: March 2021

The paper raises the question of a current role of methodology domestic criminal law and criminal law research. Methodological problems of criminal law are analyses, in particular the process of formation of the comparative (comparative) method in the works of criminologists of the middle of the XIX – beginning of the XX century. It is emphasizes that the comparative method of cognition contributes to the development of national domestic law, in particular, criminal law, as the above method is potentially the powerful driving force for its transformation. It is the most effective way to establish the patterns of development of law, by comparing legal phenomena at different times in different countries. It is possible to predict qualitative changes in foreign and domestic law in the future by having established a certain pattern of such development, it is possible to predict qualitative changes in foreign and domestic law in the future. Comparative analysis in the field of criminal law has many useful manifestations. For example, for a domestic legislator, it can be a source of important information about the legislative regulation of similar criminal relations in other countries. Such an analysis can be useful to the judiciary by clearly demonstrating the advantages or disadvantages of alternative ways of interpreting criminal law in foreign jurisdictions. Ukrainian legal doctrine, in turn, would only benefit from new theoretical knowledge and scientific approaches to solving modern problems of criminal liability. Not to mention the representatives of higher legal education, who with the help of a comparative (comparative) method will be able to teach future Ukrainian law enforcement and law enforcement officers to think critically and comprehensively, significantly expanding their professional horizons. The paper focuses on the fact that a methodology of the modern science of criminal law is a complex and multi-faceted institution that covers: a) analysis of a criminal law language; b) the structure and operative system of research methods applied in the criminal law; c) a conceptual frame of criminal law; d) laws of appearance, functioning and changes of scientific legal theories and doctrines in criminal law; e) problems of a structure of scientific knowledge in criminal law and scientific theories (constructions). The authors emphasizes that it is in the process of comparative (comparative) cognition that researchers have an ideas and suggestions for improving the functioning of domestic and foreign criminal legislation.
APPLICATION BY THE PROSECUTOR OF TEMPORARY ACCESS TO THINGS AND DOCUMENTS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CHARGE FUNCTION
Authors:   National Academy of Internal Affairs, Sukhachova Iryna
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to one of the effective means of obtaining evidence in criminal proceedings – temporary access to things and documents, the legal regulation of which is defined in Chapter 15 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Attention is drawn to a number of problematic issues related to the prosecutor's use of temporary access to things and documents in the exercise of the function of prosecution, the presence of which does not ensure the effectiveness of criminal procedural evidence and the effectiveness of this institution in criminal proceedings. According to the results of the study, the author concludes that the use of temporary units to temporarily access things and documents on the basis of a prosecutor's order makes it impossible to recognize the results of such action as evidence in criminal proceedings, as they do not meet the admissibility requirement. Prosecutorial oversight in criminal proceedings should not only ensure the inevitability of criminal punishment, but also ensure proper respect for human rights in criminal proceedings, respect for the individual, treatment as a person whose guilt has not yet been proven, and ensure impartiality and objectivity of the pre-trial investigation. Based on the results of the analysis of the decisions made by the investigating judge based on the results of consideration of the petitions, the author identified the grounds for the prosecutor's refusal to satisfy these petitions by the investigating judges. It is proposed to expand the procedural powers of the prosecutor as a subject of criminal procedural evidence, giving him the right to instruct operational units to conduct not only investigative (investigative) and covert investigative (investigative) actions, but also other procedural actions. Thus, taking into account the results of the analysis of scientific literature and materials of law enforcement practice, we can conclude that it is necessary to expand the procedural powers of the prosecutor as a subject of criminal procedural evidence by stating paragraph 5 Рart 2 of Art. 36 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine in the following wording: «to instruct the investigative (search) actions and covert investigative (search) actions or other procedural actions to the relevant operational units», as well as the need to supplement Part 1 of Art. 41 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine by the authority of operational units to carry out other procedural actions on behalf of the prosecutor.
USE OF SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE DURING THE EXAMINATION OF THE SCENE OF A CRIME IN THE ORDER OF PART 3 ART. 214 OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Donetsk Law Institute, MIA of Ukraine, Mariupol, Shulha Andrіy , Khailova Tetyana ,   Donetsk Law Institute, MIA of Ukraine, Mariupol
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the problem of specialist’s participation in the scene examination, which is carried out before entering information into the Unified Register of the pre-trial investigations. The essence of the problem is that the current criminal procedural law of Ukraine recognizes the specialist’s participation only in the pre-trial investigation, the litigation and the proceedings in the case of the commission of an unlawful act under the law of Ukraine on criminal liability. Part 1 of Article 71 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine states that a specialist in criminal proceedings is a person who has special knowledge and skills and can provide advice and conclusions during the pre-trial investigation and trial on issues that require appropriate special knowledge and skills. In other cases, the specialist has no procedural status. In addition, Part 1 of Article 237 of the CPC of Ukraine «Examination» states that the examination is conducted to identify and record information on the circumstances of the offense commitment. It is an act provided by the law of Ukraine on criminal liability. However, there are the cases in the investigation, when a report is received, for example, about a person's death, other events with formal signs of the offense, which must first be checked for signs of a crime, and only then the act can be considered as offense. In this case, a specialist takes part in the scene examination. However, the current criminal procedure law in accordance with Part 1, Article 71 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine determines the legal status of a specialist only as the participant in criminal proceedings. The paragraph 10, part 1 of Article 3 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine defines the criminal proceedings as pre-trial investigation and court proceedings or procedural actions in the case of the commission of an unlawful act. Therefore, when the inspection of the scene is based on the uncertain status of the event (there is no clear information that the event contains signs of an offense), the specialist’s participation is not regulated by law. The authors propose to consider the specialists as «experienced persons» in cases mentioned above and to include their advices to the protocol of the scene examination, as the advices of other scene examination participants.
FEATURES OF TRANSFER OF PROPERTY OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE FOR RENT
Authors:   Donetsk Law Institute, MIA of Ukraine, Mariupol, Nikolenko Liudmyla , Bugaiova Oksana ,   Donetsk Law Institute, MIA of Ukraine, Mariupol
Published: March 2021

Among the issues of modern Ukrainian legal science an important place is occupied by issues of research and implementation and protection of economic relations in various fields. In the current political situation in Ukraine in connection with the armed conflict and the worsening economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the issue of studying the formation and use of property by the Armed Forces of Ukraine is relevant. Unfortunately, in difficult economic conditions, the Armed Forces of Ukraine are allocated insufficient funds for their reform and development. Therefore, there is a need to find new ways to replenish the budget and finance the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The legislation of Ukraine determines the possibility of carrying out economic activities by the Armed Forces of Ukraine in order to obtain additional sources of funding for troops to maintain at the appropriate level of their combat and mobilization readiness. Despite the increased interest of scientists, lawyers, public and international organizations, issues of economic activity of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, including the lease of property, require further research. This article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the transfer of property of the Armed Forces of Ukraine for rent. The current state of the legislation on lease of property of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is analyzed, the mechanism of property lease and problems of its implementation are determined, it is proposed to monitor the legislation on lease of property of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to develop and adopt a single normative act of the Forces of Ukraine. The peculiarities of the creation and activity of commissions for estimating the value of military property to be leased have been studied and standard errors in the formation of such a commission have been identified. An analysis of regulations governing the lease of movable property and proposed to systematize the mechanism of leasing movable military property, taking into account time constraints.
A REVIEW ON FLASH CHROMATOGRAPHY AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Sandesh J. Srikanth Sandesh , Shyamala  , Swapana Kurva , Balaiah Sirra , Sharma J V C
Published: March 2021

Earlier column chromatography was used for preparative purposes as well as for reaction control in organic synthesis. Column chromatography is an extremely tedious stage in any laboratory and can quickly become a point of congestion for any process lab. Flash chromatography is a technique developed as a modification of preparative column chromatography. This is an air pressure driven technique comprising of medium and short column chromatography, optimised for rapid separation of organic compounds. Modern flash chromatographic system consists of pre- packed plastic cartridges where in the solvent is pumped through the cartridge. By employing high pressure gas, the efficiency and speed of classical column chromatography can be increased. Flash chromatography is an easy & quick approach that is economical to preparative liquid chromatography. The content mentioned in this article mainly focuses on the various components, general principles, procedures and applications of flash chromatography.
STRATEGI DAN TEKNIK PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT PADA USAHA ANYAMAN ROTAN SINTETIS
Authors: Sulistiawati Virda
Published: March 2021

Local craft is one of the cultural identities in the global market that can provide differentiation and self-expression. one of the interesting fields to be discussed is the Sri Mulya artisans group. that this group seeks to empower the community through concrete solutions that can be implemented in Tambang Ayam Village, Anyar District, Serang Regency. Based on the above background, the formulation of the problem of this thesis are: 1) How are the efforts to empower the craftsmen community in improving economic welfare through synthetic rattan training? 2) What are the supporting and inhibiting factors in community empowerment efforts in improving economic welfare through synthetic rattan training? This study aims: 1) To find out about efforts to empower the craftsmen community in improving economic welfare through synthetic rattan training. 2) To find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in community empowerment efforts in improving economic welfare through synthetic rattan training. In this study I used qualitative methods and data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that community empowerment through this synthetic rattan wicker business uses several stages, including: the preparatory stage, the assessment stage, the alternative planning stage, the plan formulation stage, the implementation and mentoring stage, the evaluation stage, and the termination stage. Based on the research conducted it can be concluded that community empowerment through the activities of the Sri Mulya group is in terms of economic income increasing, socially namely opening up employment opportunities, reducing unemployment and better established social relations. As for the inhibiting factors in the craft of woven bamboo and synthetic rattan in the Sri Mulya group that is lacking in marketing.
The Impact of Low Traffic Neighbourhoods on Active Travel, Car Use, and Perceptions of Local Environment during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aldred Rachel , Goodman Anna
Published: March 2021

We use longitudinal survey data to compare the impacts of ‘emergency’ low traffic neighbourhoods (LTNs), set up during Covid-19, to the impacts of longer-standing LTNs. While sample sizes are small, both types of LTNs had similar increases in active travel and similar improvements in perceptions of the local environment for cycling (but no change in perceptions of most other aspects of the local environment). Car use tended to decrease. This similarity suggests the emergency LTNs may bring benefits similar to longer-standing LTNs despite their lower budgets and shorter planning periods. We also found that the active travel impacts of the long-standing LTNs grew larger over time, suggesting the emergency LTNs may likewise see larger effects in the future.
MEDICINE INVETORY CONTROL BY CONSIDERING EXPIRY PERIODS AND PRODUCT RETURNS USING THE ALWAYS BETTER CONTROL (ABC) ANALYSIS AND THE HANDLEY WITHIN MODEL OF ECONOMIC ORDER QUALITY (EOQ) AT PHARMACIES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sukendar Irwan , Sugiyono Andre , Munfiqotusshifa Munfiqotusshifa
Published: March 2021

This study aims to control medicine inventories by considering the expiration period and the product return using The Always Better Control (ABC) analysis and The handley within model of Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). The results of this study indicate that there are 21% of medicines or 22 types of medicines belonging to group A with the use of 74.64%. for group B there were 25% drugs or 28 types of drugs with a budget use of 15.31% of all medicines. Meanwhile, there are 55% of medicines or 60 types of medicines belonging to group C with the use of a budget of 10.05% of the total medicines and the calculation using the EOQ method by considering the expiration period and product returns in this research has a more optimal order size compared to the previous method so that it can minimize expired medicines and estimate which medicines will expire at the end of the cycle so that the total cost of supplies at the pharmacy is more optimal.
CRITICAL THINKING AND INNOVATION: AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Özdemir İbrahim
Published: March 2021

This paper will discuss the role of critical and creative thinking in preparing new generations to respond to the challenges threatening our societies today and in the future. We have been living in an ever interconnected and changing globalized world. Therefore, climate change, migration, international terrorism, financial meltdowns, poverty, injustices, and inequalities challenge and threaten the global community as a whole. If we want generations to come with new solutions and alternatives to solve these challenges, we must prepare them with critical thinking skills. It will suggest that the Qur'an and Sunnah of the Prophet were sources and driving forces of critical spirit in the classical Muslim legacy and kindled spirit of burning for learning. Therefore, this paper will attempt to define major concepts first and then delineate the significant features of critical and creative thinking in al-Ghazali's exemplary life and teachings.
The Necessity of Intentionally Closed Spaces for LGBTQ Youth of Color
Authors: Pattisapu Krishna
Published: March 2021

In this Dialogues essay, I argue that intentionally closed spaces provide important opportunities for LGBTQ youth of color to reflect on their experiences with racism without fear of judgement and without the expectation to educate white queer allies. Intentionally closed spaces are not antithetical to alliances and cooperative efforts; these spaces make it possible for LGBTQ youth of color to process shared experiences with exclusion, oppression, and trauma so that we can enter intersectional alliances feeling healed and more energized. The arguments I present here may be of interest to community leaders, K-12 and university educators, and students who are involved in the establishment and maintenance of spaces that support LGBTQ youth of color. En este ensayo Dialogues, planteo que los espacios cerrados a propósito brindan oportunidades importantes para que los jóvenes LGBTQ racializados reflexionen sobre sus experiencias con el racismo sin temer de ser juzgados y sin la expectativa de educar a los aliados blancos queer. Los espacios cerrados a propósito no van en contra de las alianzas y los esfuerzos cooperativos, sino estos espacios hacen posible que los jóvenes LGBTQ racializados puedan procesar experiencias compartidas como son la exclusión, la opresión, y el trauma. Así podamos entrar en alianzas interseccionales sintiéndonos sanados y con más energía. Los argumentos que se les presentan en este artículo puedan ser de interés a líderes comunitarios, educadores a nivel K-12 y universitario, y estudiantes que están creando y manteniendo espacios que apoyan a los jóvenes LGBTQ racializados.
城市轨道交通工程安全管理模式研究
Authors: 王 丽丽
Published: March 2021

城市发展的过程中轨道交通起到了重要的作用，这样在各城市中轨道建设数量也随之增加，为人们的出行创建了更加便利的条件，因此应不断加大轨道交通工程监管力度，尤其是在施工过程中应强化安全管理并将工作做细，从而提高工程整体建设质量。
天然气管道输送计量输差的控制探讨
Authors: 王 健
Published: March 2021

在社会快速发展的影响下，使得人们的工作和生活对于各类能源的需求量都在不断的增加。在众多的能源中，天然气是其中较为重要的一种，为了能够保证满足社会发展和民众生活对天然气的需要，我们应当加强对天然气管道的设置和建造。但是就实际情况来说，在天然气管道运输过程中往往会遭到多方面因素的影响，而导致产生输送计量差的问题，这样就会引发供需二者发生纠纷问题，最终也会对天然气生产企业的利益造成诸多的损害。鉴于此，这篇文章主要围绕天然气管道输送计量输差的控制展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国天然气生产领域的稳步健康发展有所帮助。
机电一体化中电工技术的应用探讨
Authors: 何 铎 , 陈 兴华
Published: March 2021

对于机电一体化来讲，具有机械系统、电力系统和流体系统等各系统，通过将这些系统进行组合能够得到较为复杂的机电动力系统。当前科学技术的快速发展使得机电一体化技术得到了长足进步，在多个领域和行业应用非常广泛，帮助行业实现了高效高质发展。机电一体化中，电工技术应用能够帮助实现产品生产环境优化，将一体化生产过程中各种资源消耗有效降低，将生产效率和生产质量全面提升，帮助产品实现多元化、多样化，能够将实际生产生活中各种需求有效满足。接下来，文章就机电一体化中电工技术的应用展开分析和探讨。
桥梁钢箱梁安装施工技术问题研究
Authors: 曾 学伟
Published: March 2021

针对于跨越高速公路、城市主干道、铁路及河道等复杂情况下桥梁钢箱梁施工安装的技术难题，已完工某互通枢纽钢箱梁安装成功经验，形成完善施工组织设计、施工方案、顶推施工安全分析、安装精度控制的完整技术，施工控制及安全保障体系，促进提高钢箱梁安装施工技术及安全控制。
探讨城市黑臭水体治理与水质长效改善保持技术
Authors: 顾 石金
Published: March 2021

近年来，我国社会经济水平得到了显著的提升，从而有效的推动了城市化建设工作的全面落实。城市水体是城市生态系统中的重要部分，其最为重要的作用就是改善城市环境、调节城市空气质量。但是就当前我国新型城镇化建设工作实际情况来看，城市水环境质量并没有达到规定的标准要求。黑臭水体出现不但会对城市形象造成诸多的不良影响，并且也会对民众正常生活形成诸多的限制。黑臭水体治理工作落实过程中牵涉到诸多技术层面的问题，所以会对黑臭水体治理工作目标的实现形成一定的制约。鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对城市黑臭水体治理工作和水质长效改善保持技术展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国社会城市建设工作的全面实施起到良好的辅助作用。
简析信息通讯网络的内涵及发展趋势
Authors: 孙 晓红
Published: March 2021

近年来，通信技术不断创新，促进了各领域的发展，很大程度上改变了人们的生产生活方式，有力地推动了社会的进步。特别是信息通讯网络为人们创造了一个万物互联互通的环境，为社会全面智能化发展做出了积极贡献。文章以信息通信网络为研究对象，对其内涵及发展趋势进行了探索，希望能够进一步促进信息通信网络实现完善与发展。
绿色建筑设计理念在工业建筑设计中的体现
Authors: 李 双峰
Published: March 2021

在当前时期，建筑设计的发展速度持续加快，切实完成好设计工作方可保证建筑质量大幅提高，进而使得建筑行业保持稳定发展。从国内的工业建筑设计来看，传统设计关注的重点是建筑效果、材料利用，而环境保护则是明显忽视的，这就使得环境破坏较为严重。所以说，在展开工业建筑设计的过程中，应该要将绿色设计理念渗入其中，如此方可保证建筑业的稳定发展，环境保护目标能够切实达成。
智能制造技术在工业自动化生产线中的应用探究
Authors: 俞 海洋
Published: March 2021

智能制造技术是一项多元化复杂制造技术，是未来制造行业的发展趋势。它的出现对传统工业的发展起到立竿见影的成效。文中以智能制造技术在工业自动化生产线的应用为主要研究对象，针对智能制造技术的应用成效进行多方面、多层次、多维度的阐述和分析，结合笔者在工业自动化生产线领域的科研经验，提出一系列行之有效的应用建议，助力相关从业人员给予力所能及的帮助和支持。仅供参考。
АНАЛІЗ МЕТОДІВ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ТЕХНІЧНОГО СТАНУ ЗАСОБІВ ВОДНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ
Authors: Шевченко А. , Пліта Л.
Published: March 2021

Відомо, що рівень безаварійного судноводіння, показники якості та ефективності перевезень пасажирів та вантажів продовжують покращуватися. Особлива увага приділяється саме заходам забезпечення заданого рівня надійності технічних засобів. Значна роль в цьому напрямку – рішення завдання прогнозування технічного стану засобів водного транспорту. Це ще більш підкреслює актуальність наукових досліджень з метою підвищення ефективності технічної експлуатації морських та річних транспортних засовів за рахунок використання інформації про прогноз їх технічного стану.
На теперішній час для забезпечення гарантованого рівня достовірності прогнозування технічного стану засобів водного транспорту активне використовують прогресивні апаратні так програмні рішення. Аналіз закордонного та вітчизняного досвіду розробки та впровадження систем прогнозування технічного стану як комплектуючих підсистем, так ї засобів водного транспорту в цілому свідчить про можливість значного підвищення їх ефективності за рахунок розвитку математичного та алгоритмічного забезпечення. Найбільш актуальним в цьому напрямку є використання моделей та методів штучного інтелекту, а саме, так званих м’яких обчислень.
Ключові слова: модель, метод, прогнозування, технічний стан, засоби водного транспорту, методи штучного інтелекту, м’які обчислення.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ БЕЗПЕКИ БУНКЕРУВАННЯ НА ВОДНОМУ ТРАНСПОРТІ
Authors: Тимощук О.М. , Мельник О.В.
Published: March 2021

У статті розглянуто безпеку бункерування суден як один із факторів впливу на надійність процесу бункерування на водному транспорті. Розглянуто комплексний підхід та рівні заходів для забезпечення безпеки бункерування. Для оцінки та аналізу ризиків застосовано рекомендації ІМО по відношенню до методів формалізованої оцінки безпеки (FSA) на основі принципу «прийнятного ризику» відомого як принцип ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable)). На основі рекомендацій ІМО, які використовуються в даний час з метою управління безпекою мореплавства, розроблена послідовність дослідження безпеки бункерування. Методологія оцінки ризиків включає п´ять основних етапів [8]: збір даних і оцінка всієї системи; ідентифікація небезпек; аналіз ризиків; оцінка ефективності діючої системи превентивних та змінюваних мір, напрацювання нових рішень; впровадження та вдосконалення системи безпеки. Визначені основні причини інцидентів при проведенні бункерування: несправність обладнання, людський фактор, неякісне паливо, аварії суміжних об’єктів, дії природних сил. Аналітичним способом обчислено відносну частоту появи небезпеки - чинника ризику, що надає негативну дію на процес бункерування. Оцінку наслідків аварій було проведено за чотирибальною шкалою. Проведено ймовірнісну оцінку впливу небезпек і визначено рівні формалізованого ризику. Систему безпеки бункерування досліджено шляхом побудови діаграми в системі координат (вірогідність події-наслідки події) в матричному вигляді. За отриманими результатами виявлено, що людський фактор та несправність обладнання є найбільш небезпечними факторами в рейтингу загроз. Було запропоновано допоміжні заходи по управлінню ризиками, які дозволять понизити рівень ризиків з високого до прийнятного, що дозволить запобігати аваріям при бункеруванні.
Ключові слова: безпека, надійність, бункерування, ідентифікація небезпек, ризики.
ADAPTATION OF THE HEALTH LITERACY HLS19 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE RUSSIAN POPULATION
Authors: Lopatina M. V. , Popovich M. V. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: March 2021

Health literacy is recognized as one of the most important determinants of health on the global level. International comparative population-based surveys on measuring health literacy using unified methodological approaches contribute to decisive national instruments on measurement, monitoring and improvement of health literacy in a population. These studies also contribute to the adaptation of the measures, taking into account the level of health literacy of vulnerable groups in particular. Until today, there was no instrument in the Russian Federation for measuring health literacy at the population level providing internationally comparable data. We attempted to adapt the HLS19 questionnaire developed within the international Health Literacy Survey in 2019 for use in Russia. The adaptation of the questionnaire was based on the European methodology which was tested in several countries of Europe and Asia and included 5 stages: translation from English into Russian, back translation from Russian into English, focus group, expert assessment and field testing. In spite of the fact that the instrument has already been translated into the Russian language and tested in some countries for the Russian-speaking population, a substantial adaptation of the questionnaire was needed taking into account the cultural and linguistic characteristics of the Russian population.
Evaluation of the flexural strength and surface roughness of dental material after immersion in coffee
Authors: Capellato Patrícia , Claro Ana Paula Rosifini Alves
Published: March 2021

This study was done in order to evaluate the changes in flexural strength and surface roughness in dental material restorations after immersion in coffee. Bars specimens (2mm x 2mm x 25 mm) of Z100 3M/ESPE were made according to ISO 4049 using aluminum molds. After curing, the specimens were then randomly divided into five groups and conditioned at 37°C in physiological serum. In all groups, except control, samples were immersed in coffee for ten minutes daily. In group A, the samples were immersed in coffee. For group B, after to be immersed in coffee, samples were immersed in distilled water for one minute. For group C, samples were immersed in mouthwash for one minute. For group D, samples were brushing for ten minutes, with load of 250g and 4250 cycles after all treatments the samples were stored in physiological serum again. In control group, samples were only stored in physiological serum. The five groups were then divided into 2 subgroups according storage time, six and nine weeks, respectively. Flexural strength was determined using three point bending test in a universal testing machine. All the tests were carried out at a room temperature and samples were maintained in physiological serum during the test. Surface roughness measurements were made using a surface roughness tester. All data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnet tests. The ANOVA indicated no difference in the means of surface roughness and significant was observed for flexural strength between control group and one group (coffee).
Cooperação global sobre mudanças climáticas e a implementação do ODS 6 no Brasil
Authors: Barbado Norma , Leal Antonio Cezar
Published: March 2021

As mudanças climáticas se tornaram importante pauta nos cenários nacionais e internacionais a partir da década de 1970. Assim, vários eventos foram organizados para discutir questões ambientais, em todos os seus contextos, com uma sucessão de negociações multilaterais que priorizavam o compromisso com a sustentabilidade. Em 2015 foram aprovados os 17 Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS), com 169 metas, como parte da Agenda 2030. Destaca-se, nesse estudo, o ODS 6, com oito metas relacionadas à importância de assegurar a disponibilidade e gestão sustentável da água e saneamento para todos. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar os principais eventos internacionais sobre mudanças climáticas e a responsabilidade global e discutir a implantação das metas do ODS 6 no Brasil. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método sistemático, com investigações bibliográficas, normativas e documentais. Constatou-se que as questões hídricas estão permanentemente incluídas nas agendas governamentais, visto que a água é um recurso essencial para a manutenção da vida, da saúde e das atividades humanas. No Brasil, pode-se inferir que apesar da parcial implantação das metas do ODS 6, ainda há muitas lacunas e desafios para sua total efetivação.
NEW STUDENT ADMISSIONS INFORMATION SYSTEM WITH CLIENT SERVER BASED SMS GATEWAY
Authors: Elsi Zulhipni Reno Saputra , Rohana Gita , Nuranjani Vera
Published: March 2021

Palembang State Junior High School 58 every year accepts new students, every year SMP N 58 always uses the form in registration and collects diplomas, SKHUN, and other files in hardcopy format so that they often experience file loss for that we need a new student admission information system based client-server and SMS gateway. This information system was designed using the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method, and an analysis and design were carried out using a Data Flow Diagram. This information system has the function of saving, delete, update, report automatically, and can send information in the form of SMS. The new student admission information system is user friendly so that it can be easily used, so the admission process is more effective and there are no more missing files
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: IMPLEMENTATION OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION
Authors: Yusril Azizah Nurfauziah , Nurmiati Evy
Published: March 2021

Knowledge management is an activity that organizations use to achieve goals and gain competitive advantages. This study features a systematic literature review that discusses the implementation of knowledge management in organizations covering 39 articles published from 2015 to 2020. This study aims to answer four research questions. The results show that the trend of knowledge management research in Indonesia is dominated by research related to the designing of knowledge management systems. The application of knowledge management in Indonesia has been applied in various fields. There are various models and methods that can be used in creating a knowledge management system
Swimming behavior of cryptophyte prey affects prey preference of the ambush-feeding ciliate Mesodinium rubrum
Authors: Jiang H , Johnson MD
Published: March 2021

The mixotrophic ciliate Mesodinium rubrum is an ambush feeder relying on cryptophyte prey motility for prey encounter and perception; therefore, cryptophyte species-specific swimming behaviors affect M. rubrum’s prey preference. Here, a high-speed microscale imaging system was used to quantify the swimming behaviors of 3 cryptophyte species (Teleaulax amphioxeia, Storeatula major, and Guillardia theta) and to conduct quantitative microvideography of M. rubrum-T. amphioxeia predator-prey interaction. T. amphioxeia, a preferred prey of M. rubrum, swam at path-averaged speeds of 155 ± 73 µm s-1 along rather straight paths. In contrast, S. major regularly tumbled slowly downward or upward at 64 ± 16 µm s-1, while G. theta moved slowly in looped/curved trajectories at 57 ± 15 µm s-1; neither supports M. rubrum growth. Only while motionlessly sinking passively did M. rubrum detect and initiate an attack on swimming T. amphioxeia at reaction distances of 8.2 ± 8.2 µm. It seemed that M. rubrum needed to use oral tentacles to initially poke T. amphioxeia’s ventral posterior part and subsequently poke the prey multiple times in a short duration to compromise the prey’s escape ability, presumably by discharging extrusomes into the prey. T. amphioxeia also responded to nearby predators by switching to tumbling similar to S. major in normal swimming, suggesting an effective anti-predator defense behavior that prevents M. rubrum from accurately poking the prey’s ventral posterior part. T. amphioxeia swimming at significantly higher speeds leads to sufficiently high prey encounters and hydrodynamic signals for M. rubrum, thereby partially explaining M. rubrum’s ability to select T. amphioxeia prey.