bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dissociative Recombination in the Afterglow of Low-pressure Barrier Discharge. Population of Ne(2p-=SUP=-5-=/SUP=-3d) Atoms
Authors: Ivanov V. A.
Published: January 2023

The decaying neon plasma produced by the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in a cylindrical tube at a pressure of 0.1-40 Torr has been spectroscopically investigated to analyze the dissociative recombination (DR) of molecular ions with electrons as a mechanism for the formation of excited atoms. It is shown that, at the electron density in the afterglow less than 5·1010 cm-3 the DR is the dominant source of population of 3d levels at pressures PNe≥ 0.6 Torr. At lower pressures, the optical properties of the decaying plasma are formed to a greater extent by the collisional-radiative recombination of Ne+ ions. A significant variation of the relative intensities of the 3d->3p transition lines in the afterglow with a change in gas pressure was found, reflecting the effect of inelastic collisions on the formation of the spectrum of decaying plasma in the near infrared region. From measurements carried out at a pressure of 0.6 Torr, the relative values of the partial DR coefficients for the 3dj levels of the neon atom were found. Comparison of these data with measurements in the near ultraviolet region, containing the lines of 4p->3s transitions, indicates the need to take into account the cascade 4p->3d transitions to correctly solve the problem of the final products of dissociative recombination. Keywords: dielectric-barrier discharge, low-pressure plasma, optical emission spectroscopy, dissociative recombination, molecular ions, collisional-radiative recombination, cascade transitions.
A new method for determining the density distribution of electronic states on the tail of the valence band of amorphous semiconductors Se-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-S-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-
Authors: Ikramov R. G.  , Nuriddinova M.  A.  , Muminov K.  A.
Published: January 2023

The analytical expression and the experimental curve of the spectrum of the exponential absorption of amorphous selenium-sulfur solid solution (Se0.5S0.5 and Se0.7S0.3). Analytical parameters the expression for the exponential absorption spectrum, which determine the curvature of the exponential tails allowed bandes are found by approximating the experimental curve. Using the approximation Davis - Mott, using the Kubo-Greenwood formula for the exponential absorption spectrum, a new formula that determines the density of electronic states in the tail of the valence band. Using this formula and the experimentally determined spectrum of exponential absorption shows the possibility of determination of the density of electronic states in the tail of the valence band. Keywords: Amorphous semiconductors, allowed band tails, Kubo-Greenwood formula, Davis-Mott approximation method, optical electronic transitions, exponential absorption spectrum, parameters determining the slope of the allowed band tails, distribution of the density of electronic states.
Highly efficient generation of squeezed states of light based on Laguerre-Gaussian modes in a cavity
Authors: Bashmakova E. N.  , Vashukevich E. A.  , Golubeva T. Yu.  , Golubev Yu. M.
Published: January 2023

Today, the efficient generation of squeezed states of light seems to be a significant practical problem for various quantum-optical and information applications. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the generation of states based on the Laguerre-Gaussian light modes in the parametric down conversion due to the optimal choice of the cavity configuration. Analyzing the Heisenberg-Langevin equations for the eigenmodes of the system, we estimate the influence of the geometric parameters of the pump beam and the idler and signal beams on the efficiency of generation of squeezed states and on the degree of squeezing. The calculation for a finite number of modes has shown that the highest theoretically possible degree of squeezing in the system is 15.85 dB. Keywords: squeezed light, Laguerre-Gaussian modes, orbital angular momentum, optimization of PDC geometric parameters.
Особенности в кинетике затухания желтой люминисценции в кристаллах LiF-UO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Щепина Л.И. , Иванов Н.А. , Ружников Л.И. , Храмцова А.А.
Published: January 2023

A fast component, on the order 387 ns (300 K), has been detected in the decay kinetucs of the yellow luminescence (563 nm) in LiF-UO2 crystals. It is shown that the emitting centers are anisotropic formations oriented in the crystal lattice along the second-order symmetry axes (C2) using the method of azimuthal dependence of the luminescence polarization. A model of the radiating centre is proposed and the position of the oxygen defect excited level is determined, from which the transition of an electron to the conduction band occurs. The luminescence (387 ns) from of the U5+ ion is observed as a result of electron transfer from oxygen ion to the excited U6+ level. The subsequent hole localization on U5+ in the ground state is accompanied by the reduction of the U6+ ion, that luminescence is observed in the green region of the spectrum (523 nm) with time decay 100 microsecond.
Универсальные особенности проявления взаимосвязи локальной и сегментальной динамики в стеклообразных полимерах на терагерцовых частотах в инфракрасных спектрах
Authors: Рыжов В.А.
Published: January 2023

Low-frequency IR- spectra of glassy polymers were obtained and analyzed at temperatures from 90 to 400K. Temperature changes in the IR- spectra in the range from 10 to 140 cm-1 show three universal features: low-temperature, corresponding to the torsional-vibrational motion of monomer units, high-temperature, due to the influence of primary relaxation (glass transition) and intermediate, caused by the activation of conformational mobility in chains at a temperature of β - transition. This versatility extends both to polymers with universal chain-to-chain interactions and to those with hydrogen bonds.
О решении проблемы рассеяния света сфероидами для TM- и ТЕ-мод при использовании сфероидального базиса
Authors: Фарафонов В.Г. , Ильин В.Б. , Туричина Д.Г.
Published: January 2023

Light scattering by spheroids plays an important role in various applications. The most efficient algorithm to calculate the optical properties of spheroids implies the field expansions in a special spheroidal basis, but its application is limited by three problems -- difficulties of computations of the spheroidal functions of complex arguments, the absent transition to the standard T-matrix, and loss of precision in complicated calculations for one case of the incident radiation polarization (TE mode).
The first two difficulties have been recently overcome to a large extent, and in this work we solve the last problem -- by using T-matrix transformations, we find the way of expressing the TE mode solution through the more simple and stable TM mode solution.
Numerical calculations performed by us demonstrate that the suggested approach improves the result accuracy by several orders, accelerates solution in several times and significantly extends its applicability range (up to the diffraction parameters exceeding 100).
Кинетика затухания люминесценции нанокристаллов: физические модели и аппроксимация суммой трех экспонент
Authors: Бодунов Е.Н.
Published: January 2023

Измерение кинетики затухания люминесценции нанокристаллов (NC) --- квантовых точек (QD), нанопроволок, нанопластин и квантовых колец --- является важнейшим инструментом изучения фотодинамики возбужденных состояний NC, который позволяет идентифицировать вид и количество ловушек носителей заряда (электронов, дырок) или акцепторов энергии возбуждения (молекул, других QD), расположенных на поверхности или вблизи NC, а также оценить энергию ловушек, определить механизм переноса энергии электронного возбуждения с NC на акцепторы. Обычно кинетика затухания люминесценции аппроксимируется суммой двух или трех экспонент. При этом варьируемыми параметрами являются амплитуды и времена затухания экспонент. В работе анализируются экспериментальные условия, при которых такая аппроксимация имеет четкий физический смысл (дистанционный безызлучательный перенос энергии, контактное тушение люминесценции, обратимый захват носителей заряда ловушками), и устанавливается связь между варьируемыми параметрами. Ключевые слова: нанокристаллы, кинетика затухания люминесценции, моделирование суммой трех экспонент.
Research and creation of broadband X-ray mirrors with a spectral transmission band coinciding with emission lines and the possibility of filtering
Authors: S. A. Garakhin  , I. S. Dubinin  , S.Yu. Zuev  , V.N. Polkovnikov  , N.I. Chkhalo
Published: January 2023

The article considers broadband multilayer X-ray mirrors based on Mo/Be and Mo/Si structures with a transmission band coinciding with the Si Lα (13.5 nm) and Sn (13.5 nm) emission lines. The described structures are of great interest for the currently developed liquid source of EUV radiation, since they make it possible to increase the efficiency of the source-X-ray optical system due to the "complete" capture of emission lines. Keywords: extreme ultraviolet radiation, emission spectrum, laser spark, multilayer X-ray mirror.
Search for high-strength multilayer free-standing film filters with high transmittance in the wavelength range of the "water window" (2.3-4.4 nm)
Authors: Barysheva M. M.  , Garakhin S. A.  , Lopatin A. Ya.  , Luchin V. I.  , Malyshev I.V.  , Salashchenko N. N.  , Tsybin N. N.  , Chkhalo N. I.
Published: January 2023

Some variants of the composition of multilayer absorption film filters with a high transmittance in the spectral region of the "water window" (2.3-4.4 nm) have been considered. Having created an ultimate pressure difference between the sides of free-standing films at which they are damaged, we compared the strength of 100 nm thick Ti-based multilayer filters with Al, Be, C interlayers and 100 nm thick V-based multilayer filters with Al interlayers. Sc and Cr was also considered as interlayers. Among the tested periodic multilayer structures, the best strength characteristics were demonstrated by Ti/Be (with a fraction of Ti in a period of about 0.6) and V/Al (with a fraction of V in a period of about 0.4) multilayer filters. Despite the fact that Ti/Be and V/Al filters are inferior in strength to Ti and V monolayer filters of the same thickness, these multilayer filters may be of interest, since they have either a higher transmittance in the "water window" (Ti/Be) or more high level of blocking of visible radiation (V/Al). Keywords: spectral region of the "water window" multilayer free-standing filters, ultimate pressure difference, film filter strength, transmittance in the soft x-ray, visible light blocking level.
Formation of inhomogeneous oxide and suboxide layers on an ultra-thin metal film by multiple oxidation and ion sputtering
Authors: Lubenchenko A. V.  , Ivanov D. A.  , Lubenchenko O. I.  , Pavolotsky A.B.  , Lukiantsev D. S.  , Iachuk V. A.  , Pavlov O. N.
Published: January 2023

A technique of controlled formation of multilayer oxide and suboxide layers on a thin metal film. An opportunity of controlled generation of films containing an ultra-thin suboxide layer inside a higher oxide layer and films being a periodic layered structure with alternating oxide layers of various oxidation levels. A structure containing alternating ultra-thin layers of higher oxide and suboxide layers on a niobium film. Keywords: metal-oxide films, controlled film formation, layer chemical and phase profiling, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Coupled heat transfer in the cavity of constant volume with pulse-periodical energy supply
Authors: Volkov K.N.  , Emelyanov V.N.  , Karpenko A.G.
Published: January 2023

The possibilities of organizing a repetitively pulsed process with given frequency characteristics in a cavity of constant volume with an external energy supply to the working gas mixture are considered. Modelling of gas-dynamic and thermal processes is carried out using the numerical solution of the conjugate heat transfer problem. The gas medium is described on the basis of a viscous compressible gas model. To find the temperature field in the walls of the structure, the equation of non-stationary heat conduction is solved. The conjugation of temperature fields in a gas and a solid is carried out using an iterative procedure. In the calculations, the geometrical parameters of the cavity, the density of the energy supply, the initial pressure, and the composition of the working mixture are varied. The results of calculations obtained in the framework of the one-dimensional and two-dimensional formulation of the problem under the action of both a single pulse and a series of pulses are compared. The results obtained demonstrate the possibility of implementing the required frequency characteristics of the process for given geometric and energy parameters. Keywords: pulse-periodical energy process, gas laser, coupled heat transfer, numerical simulation, energy supply, pulse.
Analysis of the effect of yield stress on stress corrosion cracking of martensitic and ferritic steels in acidic environments
Authors: Petrov A. I.  , Razuvaeva M. V.
Published: January 2023

To evaluate the effect of yield stress on hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of martensitic and ferritic steels, the effect of hydrogen (H) capture by structural inhomogeneities (hydrogen traps) and the effect of plastic deformation and stress on the mechanism of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) are considered. In the presence of hydrogen, the brittle fracture of high-strength martensitic steels consists of flat areas of intergranular fracture at the initial austenitic grain boundaries and quasi-brittle cracks at the boundaries of martensite blocks. In low-strength steels, brittle fracture manifests itself in the form of transgranular fracture of ferrite grains. The decrease in the characteristics of martensitic steels with an increase in the yield strength occurs due to an increase in the hydrogen concentration at the stage of anodic dissolution (AD) due to the growth of the carbide/matrix interface. The reason for the growth hydrogen concentration in ferritic steels is a large mechanical overstress, an increase in the number of active dissolution centers, the formation of an electrochemical pearlite-ferrite pair, and an increase in surface roughness with increasing deformation. It is concluded that the bell-shaped dependences of the critical stress of the transition from AD to SCC and other characteristics of mechanical tests on magnitude of the yield stress are due to different mechanisms of hydrogen accumulation in martensitic and ferritic steels. Keywords: hydrogen embrittlement, high-angle boundaries, interfaces, traps, hydrogen binding energy, structural inhomogeneities, fracture.
Radiation hardness of subterahertz radiation source based on heterodyne on Gunn diode generator and superlattice multiplier
Authors: Ivanov A.S.  , Pavelyev D.G.  , Obolensky S.V.  , Obolenskaya E.S.
Published: January 2023

The radiation resistance to gamma irradiation of various dose levels (0.5 kGy, 2 kGy, 10 kGy) of a subterahertz radiation source from a heterodyne on a Gunn diode and a GaAs / AlAs semiconductor superlattice multiplier was estimated. A measuring chamber for studying the radiation resistance of Gunn diodes has been developed and manufactured. The dependence of the output power on the frequency of a sub-terahertz radiation source before and after irradiation was evaluated analytically. Keywords: radiation hardness, superlattice, Gunn diode, terahertz.
Understanding the Subjective Experience of Long-term Remote Measurement Technology Use for Symptom Tracking in People With Depression: Multisite Longitudinal Qualitative Analysis
Authors: White Katie M , Dawe-Lane Erin , Siddi Sara , Lamers Femke , Simblett Sara , Riquelme Alacid Gemma , Ivan Alina , Myin-Germeys Inez , Haro Josep Maria , Oetzmann Carolin , Popat Priya , Rintala Aki , Rubio-Abadal Elena , Wykes Til , Henderson Claire , Hotopf Matthew , Matcham Faith
Published: January 2023

Background

Remote measurement technologies (RMTs) have the potential to revolutionize major depressive disorder (MDD) disease management by offering the ability to assess, monitor, and predict symptom changes. However, the promise of RMT data depends heavily on sustained user engagement over extended periods. In this paper, we report a longitudinal qualitative study of the subjective experience of people with MDD engaging with RMTs to provide insight into system usability and user experience and to provide the basis for future promotion of RMT use in research and clinical practice.

Objective

We aimed to understand the subjective experience of long-term engagement with RMTs using qualitative data collected in a longitudinal study of RMTs for monitoring MDD. The objectives were to explore the key themes associated with long-term RMT use and to identify recommendations for future system engagement.

Methods

In this multisite, longitudinal qualitative research study, 124 semistructured interviews were conducted with 99 participants across the United Kingdom, Spain, and the Netherlands at 3-month, 12-month, and 24-month time points during a study exploring RMT use (the Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse-Major Depressive Disorder study). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded in the native language, with the resulting quotes translated into English.

Results

There were 5 main themes regarding the subjective experience of long-term RMT use: research-related factors, the utility of RMTs for self-management, technology-related factors, clinical factors, and system amendments and additions.

Conclusions

The subjective experience of long-term RMT use can be considered from 2 main perspectives: experiential factors (how participants construct their experience of engaging with RMTs) and system-related factors (direct engagement with the technologies). A set of recommendations based on these strands are proposed for both future research and the real-world implementation of RMTs into clinical practice. Future exploration of experiential engagement with RMTs will be key to the successful use of RMTs in clinical care.
Real-time Assessment of the Bidirectional Relationship Between Affective States and Glucose: Protocol for a 14-Day Observational Study
Authors: Rethorst Chad D , Githinji Phrashiah , Seguin-Fowler Rebecca A , MacMillan Uribe Alexandra L , Szeszulski Jacob , Liao Yue
Published: January 2023

Background

Glucose variability increases cardiometabolic disease risk. While many factors can influence glucose levels, postprandial glucose response is the primary driver of glucose variability. Furthermore, affect may directly and indirectly impact glucose variability through its effect on eating behavior. Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) facilitate the real-time evaluation of blood glucose, and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) can be used to assess affect in real time. Together, data collected from these sources provide the opportunity to further understand the role of affect in glucose levels.

Objective

This paper presents the protocol for a study that aims to (1) evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using CGMs along with EMA in nondiabetic populations and (2) examine the bidirectional relationship between affect and glucose in nondiabetic adults with overweight or obesity using a CGM and EMA.

Methods

Eligibility criteria for the study include participants (1) aged 18 to 65 years old, (2) with a BMI of ≥25 kg/m2, (3) who are able to read and write in English, and (4) who own a smartphone. Individuals will be excluded if they (1) have type 1 or 2 diabetes or have any other condition that requires glucose monitoring, (2) are pregnant, (3) use any medications that have the potential to alter blood glucose levels or interfere with the glucose sensing process, or (4) have a diagnosed gastrointestinal condition or eating disorder. In a 14-day observational study, participants will wear a FreeStyle Libre Pro CGM sensor (Abbott) and will receive mobile phone–based EMA prompts 6 times per day (randomly within six 2-hour windows between 8 AM and 8 PM) to assess positive and negative affect. Participants will also wear a Fitbit Inspire 2 (Fitbit) to continuously monitor physical activity and sleep, which will be included as covariates in the analysis. Multilevel linear regression models will be used to evaluate the acute relationship between glucose level and affect.

Results

Recruitment started in October 2022 and is expected to be completed in March 2023. We will aim to recruit 100 participants. As of December 12, 2022, a total of 39 participants have been enrolled.

Conclusions

The results of this study will further elucidate the role of affect in glucose variability. By identifying affective states that may lead to glucose excursions, our findings could inform just-in-time behavioral interventions by indicating opportunities for intervention delivery.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/45104
Experiences of a Novel Structured Foot Examination Form for Patients With Diabetes From the Perspective of Health Care Professionals: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Andersson Susanne , Scandurra Isabella , Nyström Ulrika , Varemo Marika , Hellstrand Tang Ulla
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Diabetes is a growing threat to public health, and secondary diseases like foot complications are common. Foot ulcers affect the individual’s quality of life and are a great cost to society. Regular foot examinations prevent foot ulcers and are a recommended approach both in Sweden and worldwide. Despite existing guidelines, there are differences in the execution of the foot examination, which results in care inequality. A structured foot examination form based on current guidelines was developed in this study as the first step toward digitalized support in the daily routine, and was validated by diabetes health care professionals.

OBJECTIVE

The study aimed to validate a structured foot examination form by assessing health care professionals’ experiences of working with it “foot side” when examining patients with diabetes.

METHODS

Semistructured interviews were held in a focus group and individually with 8 informants from different diabetes professions, who were interviewed regarding their experiences of working with the form in clinical practice. The users’ data were analyzed inductively using qualitative content analysis. The study is part of a larger project entitled “Optimised care of persons with diabetes and foot complications,” with Västra Götaland Region as the responsible health care authority, where the results will be further developed.

RESULTS

Experiences of working with the form were that it simplified the foot examination by giving it an overview and a clear structure. Using the form made differences in work routines between individuals apparent. It was believed that implementing the form routinely would contribute to a more uniform execution. When patients had foot ulcers, the risk categories (established in guidelines) were perceived as contradictory. For example, there was uncertainty about the definition of chronic ulcers and callosities. The expectations were that the future digital format would simplify documentation and elucidate the foot examination, as well as contribute to the accessibility of updated and relevant data for all individuals concerned.

CONCLUSIONS

The foot examination form works well as a support tool during preventive foot examination, creates a basis for decision-making, and could contribute to a uniform and safer foot examination with more care equality in agreement with current guidelines.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05692778; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05692778
Using Health-Related Social Media to Understand the Experiences of Adults With Lung Cancer in the Era of Immuno-Oncology and Targeted Therapies: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Booth Alison , Manson Stephanie , Halhol Sonia , Merinopoulou Evie , Raluy-Callado Mireia , Hareendran Asha , Knoll Stefanie
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

The treatment of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has evolved dramatically with the approval of immuno-oncology (IO) and targeted therapies (TTs). Insights on the patient experience with these therapies and their impacts are lacking. Health-related social media has been increasingly used by patients to share their disease and treatment experiences, thus representing a valuable source of real-world data to understand the patient’s voice and uncover potential unmet needs.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe the experiences of patients with NSCLC as reported in discussions posted on lung cancer–specific social media with respect to their disease symptoms and associated impacts.

METHODS

Publicly available posts (2010-2019) were extracted from selected lung cancer– or NSCLC-specific websites. Social media users (patients and caregivers posting on these websites) were stratified by metastatic- and adjuvant-eligible subgroups and treatment received using natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning methods. Automated identification of symptoms was conducted using NLP. Qualitative data analysis (QDA) was conducted on random samples of posts mentioning pain-related, fatigue-related, respiratory-related, or infection-related symptoms to capture the patient experience with these and associated impacts.

RESULTS

Overall, 1724 users (50,390 posts) and 574 users (4531 posts) were included in the metastatic group and adjuvant group, respectively. Among users in the metastatic group, pain, discomfort, and fatigue were the most commonly mentioned symptoms (49.7% and 39.6%, respectively), and in the QDA (258 posts from 134 users), the most frequent impacts related to physical impairments, sleep, and eating habits. Among users in the adjuvant group, pain, discomfort, and respiratory symptoms were the most commonly mentioned (44.8% and 23.9%, respectively), and impacts identified in the QDA (154 posts from 92 users) were mostly related to physical functioning.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from this exploratory observational analysis of social media among patients and caregivers informed the lived experience of NSCLC in the era of novel therapies, shedding light on most reported symptoms and their impacts. These findings can be used to inform future research on NSCLC treatment development and patient management.
Characterization of Global Research Trends and Prospects on Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer: A Bibliometric Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Yin Rutie , Duan Yuanqiong , Zhang Peixuan , Zhang Tianyue , Zhou Lu
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

In the last decades, growing attention has been focused on identifying effective therapeutic strategies in the orphan clinical setting of women with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC), generating thousands of original articles. However, the literature involving bibliometric analysis of PROC has not been published yet.

OBJECTIVE

This study hopes to gain a better understanding of the hot spots and trends in PROC by conducting a bibliometric analysis, as well as identify potential new research directions.

METHODS

We searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) for PROC-related articles published between 1990 and 2022. CiteSpace 6.1.R2 and VOS viewer 1.6.18.0 were primarily utilized to evaluate the contribution and co-occurrence relationships of various countries and regions, institutes, and journals and to identify research hotspots and promising future trends in this research field.

RESULTS

A total of 3,462 Web of Science publications were retrieved that were published in 671 academic journals by 1135 authors from 844 organizations in 75 countries and regions. The United States was the leading contributor in this field, and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center was the most productive institution. Gynecologic Oncology was the most productive journal, while the Journal of Clinical Oncology was the most cited and influential. Co-citation cluster labels revealed the characteristics of seven major clusters, including synthetic lethality, salvage treatment, human ovarian-carcinoma cell line, PARP inhibitor resistance, antitumor complexes, folate receptor, and targeting platinum-resistant disease. Keywords and references burst detection indicated that biomarkers, genetic and phenotypic changes, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy were the most recent and most significant aspects of PROC research.

CONCLUSIONS

This study conducted a comprehensive review of PROC research using bibliometric and visual techniques. Understanding the immunological landscape of PROC and identifying the population that can benefit from immunotherapy, especially in combination with other therapeutic options (such as chemotherapy and targeted therapy), will continue to be the focal point of research.
Machine learning-based prediction model for delirium in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: Korean multidisciplinary cohort for delirium prevention (KoMCoDe) (Preprint)
Authors: Lee So Hee , Hur Hyun Jung , Kim Sung Nyun , Ahn Jang Ho , Ro Du Hyun , Hong Arum , Park Hye Yoon , Choe Pyoeng Gyun , Park Hye Youn
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is a risk factor for delirium that must be predicted and prevented to avoid adverse outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

We developed a machine learning (ML) model to predict delirium in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and to identify modifiable factors to prevent delirium.

METHODS

The ML model was developed using training data from 757 patients at three medical centers and externally validated in 121 patients from a fourth medical center. The extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm was used. A stratified K-fold approach was used to select model hyperparameters and predictor variables. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was selected as the evaluation metric.

RESULTS

The incidence of in-hospital delirium was 6.9% in the training cohort. Selected predictor variables for delirium were age, mechanical ventilation, medication (opioids, sedatives, antipsychotics, ambroxol, ceftriaxone, and piperacillin/tazobactam), sodium ion concentration, and white blood cell count (all p < 0.05). The stratified 5-fold AUC values for the training and test cohorts were 0.856 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.804–0.908) and 0.998 (CI = 0.989–1.000), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

We developed and externally validated the ML model to predict delirium in COVID-19 inpatients. The model identified modifiable factors associated with the development of delirium and could be clinically useful for the prediction and prevention of delirium in COVID-19 inpatients.
Spectra of (M,ℳ)-corona-join of graphs
Authors: Gayathri M. , Rajkumar R.
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we introduce the (M, ℳ)-corona-join of G and ℋk constrained by vertex subsets 𝒯, which is the union of two graphs: one is the M-generalized corona of a graph G and a family of graphs ℋk constrained by vertex subset 𝒯 of the graphs in ℋk, where M is a suitable matrix; and the other one is the ℳ -join of ℋk, where ℳ is a collection of matrices. We determine the spectra of the adjacency, the Laplacian, the signless Laplacian and the normalized Laplacian matrices of some special cases of the (M, ℳ)-corona-join of G and ℋk constrained by vertex subsets 𝒯. These results enable us to deduce the spectra of all the existing variants of extended corona of graphs. Further, by using this graph operation, we construct infinitely many graphs which are simultaneously cospectral with respect to the above mentioned four type of matrices.
A graph product and its applications in generating non-cospectral equienergetic graphs
Authors: Joseph Subin P.
Published: January 2023

A new graph product is defined in this paper and several applications of this product are described. The adjacency matrix of the product graph is given and its complete spectrum in terms of the spectrum of constituent graphs is determined. Sequences of cospectral graphs can be generated from the known cospectral graphs using the new product. Several sequences of non-cospectral equienergtic graphs can also be generated as an application of the graph product defined.
A note on fold thickness of graphs
Authors: Reji T. , Vaishnavi S. , Campeña Francis Joseph H.
Published: January 2023

A 1-fold of G is the graph G0 obtained from a graph G by identifying two nonadjacent vertices in G having at least one common neighbor and reducing the resulting multiple edges to simple edges. A uniform k-folding of a graph G is a sequence of graphs G = G0, G1, G2,...,Gk, where Gi+1 is a 1-fold of Gi for i = 0, 1, 2,...,k − 1 such that all graphs in the sequence are singular or all of them are nonsingular. The largest k for which there exists a uniform k- folding of G is called fold thickness of G and this concept was first introduced in [1]. In this paper, we determine fold thickness of corona product graph G ʘ Km , G ʘ S Km , and graph join G + Km .
Chromatic coloring of distance graphs, III
Authors: Barnabas George , Yegnanarayanan V.
Published: January 2023

A graph G(Z, D) with vertex set Z is called an integer distance graph if its edge set is obtained by joining two elements of Z by an edge whenever their absolute difference is a member of D. When D = P or D ⊆ P where P is the set of all prime numbers then we call it a prime distance graph. After establishing the chromatic number of G(Z, P ) as four, Eggleton has classified the collection of graphs as belonging to class i if the chromatic number of G(Z, D) is i. The problem of characterizing the family of graphs belonging to class i when D is of any given size is open for the past few decades. As coloring a prime distance graph is equivalent to producing a prime distance labeling for vertices of G, we have succeeded in giving a prime distance labeling for certain class of all graphs considered here. We have proved that if D = {2, 3, 5, 7, 7th prime, 10th prime, 13th prime, 16th prime, (7 + j)th prime, ..., (4 + j)th prime for any s ∈ N}, then there exists a prime distance graph with distance set D in class 4 and if D = {2, 3, 5, 4th prime, 6th prime, 8th prime, (4 + j)th prime, ..., (2 + j)th prime for any s ∈ N} then there exists a prime distance graphs with distance set D in class 3. Further, we have also obtained some more interesting results that are either general or existential such as a) If D is a specific sequence of integers in arithmetic progression then there exist a prime distance graph with distance set D, b) If G is any prime distance graph in class i for 1 ≤ i ≤ 4 then G × K2 is also a prime distance graph in the respective class i, c) A countable union of disjoint copies of prime distance graph is again a prime distance graph, d) The Middle/Total graph of a path on n vertices is a prime distance graph. In addition we also provide a new different proof for establishing a fact that all cycles are prime distance graph.
El sueño de regresar a lo primitivo y encontrarse con la realidad: Paul Gauguin
Authors: Fortoul Teresa I.
Published: January 2023

Gauguin's extraordinary life has always intrigued his admirers, at least as much as his art, and sometimes more. Global in scope, his life was shaped by noble, if ruthless and often unnecessary, gestures of sacrifice and defiance for the sake of art. No less willing to hurt others than himself to fulfill his destiny as an artist. He tried everything, lived what he wanted and died in the place he loved the most. Eugène Henri-Paul Gauguin returned to art what society had taken from it by making it routine, without imagination, without spontaneity.
Hallazgos clínico patológicos en una yegua criolla con pitiosis cutánea y salmonelosis secundaria
Authors: García López Samanta Araceli , Guadarrama Olhovich Marina , Castro Dosal Fernanda , Galván Vela Patrcia
Published: January 2023

Descripción del caso. Potranca, hembra, criolla, de 3 años. Presentó anemialigera y lesiones en los miembros con apariencia ulcerada, pruriginosa, multinodular,con zonas alopécicas y mal delimitadas.Hallazgos clínicos. Paciente débil, de condición corporal (cc) 2.5/5, mucosaspálidas, tiempo de llenado capilar retardado y fiebre.Pruebas de laboratorio. Los resultados de laboratorio más relevantes fueronanemia persistente, hiperproteinemia, hiperfibrinogenemia, disminuciónen la relación pt/fb, leucopenia, neutropenia, linfopenia. Disminución dela urea, hipoglucemia, hipocalcemia, hipofosforemia, hipocreatinemia, hiperbilirrubinemia,incremento de ast, incremento de ck, hipoalbuminemia,hiperglobulinemia, hipocloremia, disminución del bicarbonato y acidosismetabólica por acumulación de ácidos. En la citología, raspado cutáneo y laimpronta se encontraron leucocitos asociados a inflamación. Los diagnósticosdiferenciales fueron anemia infecciosa equina, piroplasmosis, habronemiasisy pitiosis cutánea equina.La prueba diagnóstica más relevante fue la necropsia; macroscópicamentela yegua presentó hidropericardio, edema, úlceras gástricas, congestiónen los riñones y en la región retroperitoneal un hematoma interno.Microscópicamente se encontraron bacterias bacilo corto grampositivas ygramnegativas, hifas septadas y numerosos neutrófilos en la submucosagástrica. Las lesiones de piel tuvieron diagnóstico morfológico de dermatitisy paniculitis piogranulomatosa grave multifocal con numerosas hifas intralesionalesGrocott positivas, compatibles con Pythium insidiosum.Tratamiento y evolución. Limpieza y pomada local yodada en las heridas,sulfas, trimetoprima, fenilbutazona, flunixin de meglumine, ceftiofur, triamcinolona,aminoácidos y ozonoterapia. La paciente mantuvo una mala evoluciónclínica, entró en sepsis y murió. El estudio post mortem confirmó lainfección por pitiosis y se diagnosticó salmonelosis.Relevancia clínica. En este caso se consideró Pythium insidiosum como diagnósticopresuntivo, debido a la historia clínica de la paciente, los hallazgosclínico-patológicos y los hallazgos encontrados en la necropsia.
El derecho humano a la ciencia: contenido, principios y garantías
Authors: Espinoza Hernández Raymundo , Gómez Ruíz Keyla
Published: January 2023

El derecho humano a la ciencia, reconocido internacionalmente con esa denominación en el año 2012, debe entenderse como el derecho a participar en el progreso científico y a disfrutar de los beneficios que resulten del mismo, pero también como el derecho a disfrutar de la protección de los intereses morales y materiales que correspondan por razón de las producciones científicas. Este derecho se caracteriza por su naturaleza como “derecho habilitador” de otros derechos o “derecho instrumental” destinado a crear las condiciones necesarias para el ejercicio de otros derechos y libertades fundamentales. Por su interdependencia práctica en contextos de alta complejidad es que su desarrollo conceptual y normativo se vuelve indispensable de cara a los retos del presente.
Claroscuros de la Garantía del Derecho Humano de Protección de Denunciantes de Actos de Corrupción (whistleblowers) a través de la Política Estatal Anticorrupción de Veracruz.
Authors: Chípuli Castillo Arturo Miguel
Published: January 2023

Los Sistemas Estatales constituyen uno de los pilares del Sistema Nacional Anticorrupción, derivado de lo cual existe la obligación de las Entidades Federativas de desarrollar estos sistemas y las políticas estatales anticorrupción correspondientes. En diciembre de 2021, se publicó la Política Estatal Anticorrupción del Estado de Veracruz, la cual se plantea como un instrumento para la problematización del fenómeno de la corrupción, así como su diagnóstico, las prioridades mínimas y las líneas de acción que orientan la actuación de los integrantes del sistema local anticorrupción. Dado que la protección de denunciantes, no solo representa un elemento medular de toda política anticorrupción, sino también un derecho humano, el presente texto analiza el grado de cumplimiento de las obligaciones establecidas por el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos en la Política Estatal Anticorrupción de Veracruz.
Alternativas y Acciones Contra la Corrupción en México
Authors: Castillo Muñoz Brenda
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo tiene como propósito analizar el fenómeno de la corrupción en México, desde el punto de vista de las acciones que se llevan a cabo para combatirla, mismas que se abordan desde el estudio de los mecanismos de prevención, de control y de sanción. En los mecanismos de prevención se analizan los riesgos que ponen en peligro el servicio público, a fin de contar con parámetros que nos permitan anticiparnos a la conducta infractora y evitar su realización. En los mecanismos de control se estudian las reglas que limitan y fiscalizan las atribuciones y funciones de los funcionarios públicos, contenidas en las políticas públicas (dentro de las cuales se ubica el Sistema Nacional Anticorrupción), en la cooperación internacional; así como en la transparencia y rendición de cuentas. Finalmente, en los mecanismos de sanción, se examinan las reglas encargadas de la disciplina de las conductas infractoras, consistentes en las faltas administrativas y en la tipificación de actos de corrupción.
Desigualdad Socioeconómica y Acceso a la Justicia: Aportaciones de la Conciliación Administrativa
Authors: Montoya López Adolfo Eduardo Cuitláhuac
Published: January 2023

El presente explica el concepto de la desigualdad socioeconómica y su impacto en cualquier Estado en el ámbito de la impartición de justicia. De igual manera, explica la importancia del acceso a la justicia a cualquier persona en un Estado, su estrecha relación con la pobreza y el cómo se debe ponderar para una armonía social en donde los medios alternativos de solución de controversias son fundamentales dando como resultado la llamada justicia administrativa.Asimismo, se explica el trato Constitucional que en nuestro país se les ha dado a los medios alternativos de solución de controversias y su aplicación práctica para lograr una mejor igualdad socioeconómica.
Vino y Libre Comercio: El Vino en los Tratados Comerciales Internacionales Firmados por México
Authors: Cruz Barney Oscar
Published: January 2023

Existen regulaciones vinícolas avanzadas en Estados Unidos, Argentina, Chile, la Unión Europea y otras más en el continente americano de las que podemos tomar ejemplo y que se deben tener en cuenta a la hora de regular a la industria mexicana. La regulación en cada caso obedece a experiencias regionales y nacionales. Nuestros principales socios comerciales constituyen mercados muy importantes de producción, comercialización y consumo de vino: conocer como quedó el sector en los tratados comerciales firmados por México es por ello de la mayor importancia. La regulación en el T-MEC y en el TLCUEM versión 2020 (que a julio de 2022 no ha entrado en vigor) debe tenerse presente.
Facultades Regulatorias Estatales desde la Perspectiva del Derecho Internacional de las Inversiones. El Caso Uber - Colombia
Authors: Argoty Pantoja Anyela Madelein , Reyes Díaz Carlos H.
Published: January 2023

La empresa estadounidense Uber ha tenido problemas para operar regularmente en algunos países. Colombia fue el primer país del que en algún momento esta empresa decidió retirarse como consecuencia de decisiones del gobierno. Esto pudo haber ocasionado controversias internacionales de inversión si no fuera por el arreglo acordado entre el inversionista y el gobierno. En este documento se analizan las razones de ambas partes que motivaron y resolvieron el problema, así como las posibles repercusiones de una eventual controversia arbitral internacional.
Review on Processes in Liquid-Liquid and Solid Phase Extraction
Authors: Obukohwo Dr. Aghogho Blessing
Published: January 2023

Abstract: The process of separating a component of mixture of liquid using liquid solvent is known as solvent extraction. The component being separated is completely insoluble in the solvent known as the carrier liquid. Distribution coefficient and partition coefficient are used to quantitatively determine the degree of solubility of a solute in a solvent compared to its solubility in another solvent. In liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) the solvents used should have maximum transfer of solute from carrier into the solvent. The solvent used must have high affinity for the solute to be extracted and it must not be completely miscible with the carrier liquid. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is a solvent-extraction system with a stationary phase by adsorption onto a solid support (usually silica) and the other liquid phase which is mobile. It uses small membranes or columns and many of the extracting agents used in LLE are also used in SPE. SPE generates less amount of wastes and it is an excellent substitute for LLE as it is faster and more efficient. It requires samples as small as 50 – 500ul and relatively small volumes of solvents not as pure as may be required by LLE. The working principles of SPE are like that of LLE were partitioning takes place between two immiscible liquids but in SPE the analytes to be extracted are partitioned between liquid and solid. This paper has reviewed the various processes involved in solvent extraction considering diluents in solvent extraction, liquid-liquid extraction and solidphase extraction.
Survey on Gesture Recognition for Sign Language
Authors: Badiger Vaibhavi V , Acharya Thejaswini S , M Yashaswini , Padti Sulaksha Sayeesh , A. M Prof. Prasad
Published: January 2023

Abstract: From the total world population, more than 5% of the population has problems with speaking and hearing, which creates a barrier in communication as they communicate only using sign language. This paper presents a survey on all components which are required to build a device that helps to reduce this barrier and has studied many inventions in this field, which include all the possible methods through which the device can be built. They include Vision-based methods, device-based methods, and many more. And survey on different hardware like flex sensor, accelerometer, IMU sensor, Arduino, and EMG sensors. An even survey is done on different algorithms used for processing data captured during gesture recognition.
Survey on Secured Digital Voting System using Blockchain Technology
Authors: Koushik Bhagya A , R S Deekshitha , S Gowthami , Nandhini Haritha , J Dr. Nagaraja
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Blockchain is a shared tamper-proof ledger that eases the process of recording transactions and tracking assets in a business network. Traditional voting system has various disadvantages with respect to its security, fairness and integrity. Digital voting is a form of computer driven voting in which voters can cast their votes on a system over the internet. This paper uses blockchain to serve this purpose. It employs a decentralized blockchain network to monitor the entire election process. SHA- 256 algorithm is used to ensure encryption of the votes and avoid any kind of manifestation of votes during the election. It generates a user- friendly election environment over the internet to allow the users to cast their votes to their candidates of interest and also announces the final results giving information about the winner and also the election statistics.
Media multitasking, ego depletion, and employee depression: Selfcontrol as a moderator
Authors: Cui Wen-Wen , Tao Ting , Fan Chun-Lei , Wang Li-Gang , Gao Wen-Bin
Published: January 2023

Employees frequently have to use various media to complete multiple tasks at work, and depression has become a common problem influencing their mental health and work efficiency. We conducted a survey to investigate the relationship between the media multitasking and depression of 490
employees of a state-owned enterprise in China. The results showed that media multitasking was positively correlated with employee depression. Moreover, ego depletion significantly mediated the relationship between media multitasking and depression, and self-control moderated the relationship
between ego depletion and depression. Greater self-control may help buffer the effect of ego depletion on depression. These results have theoretical and practical implications for improving employees' mental health during China's enterprise transformation process.