bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multinomial Logistic Regression Model to Identify Factors Associated with Food Insecurity in Rural Households in Nepal
Authors: Shah Santosh Kumar
Published: December 2020

Background: Food is basics of our lives and many people experiences food insecurity at some time because of food deprivation and lack of access to food due to different resource constraints. It is a global challenge and threatens the rural people in developing countries like Nepal.

Objective: The objective of the study is to identify the factors associated with food insecurity in rural area of Nepal.

Materials and Methods: The analysis is based on rural household data extracted from the data of Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016. The dependent variable food insecurity status was measured in four levels namely food secure, mildly food insecure, moderately food insecure and severely food insecure household using Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Independent variables were categorical and quantitative variables. In order to identify the factors associated with food insecurity, ordinal logit model was fitted initially. Due to violation of test of parallel lines by overall as well as some of the independent variables, multinomial logistic regression model was finally adopted by examining the model adequacy test.

Results: The fitted multinomial logistic regression satisfied the diagnostic test including tests of goodness of fit, multicolinearity diagnostic criteria and minimum criteria of utilization of the model with about 29% predictive power. The variables ecological region, wealth index, size of agriculture land, any member(s) having saving account in any financial institution, any member(s) had gone to foreign employment in last 5 years other than India, family size, number of members completed secondary education and household member rearing cattle(s) were found to be significant. The poorest households (HHs) had 3.14 (CI: 1.88-5.26) times, poorer HHs 2.51 (CI: 1.55-4.07) times and moderate HHs 1.42 times higher chances of being severely food insecure relative to rich HHs.

Conclusion: The study revealed that food insecurity of the rural HHs increases with decrease in the wealth index, size of land and number of members of the HHs with completed secondary education. The food insecurity of the households decreases with increase in the access to bank service.
Determinants of Trade Deficit in Nepal: An Econometric Investigation
Authors: Nepal Surendra Raj
Published: December 2020

Background: Nepal has been importing some of goods and services from other countries and is also capable of exporting some other goods and services to foreign countries. Because of over dependency on foreign goods, Nepal has been suffering from trade deficit for more than 45 years.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship of trade deficit in Nepal with its determinants by using econometric analysis where exchange rate, real gross domestic product and foreign direct investment are taken as determinants of trade deficit. Its main objective is to examine the long-run, short-run and causal relationship among the variables.

Materials and Methods: Annual time series data from 1974/75 (from 1988/89 in case of FDI) to 2018/2019 obtained from different sources: Nepal Rastra Bank, Economic Survey of Nepal, The World Bank and Department of Industry, Nepal Government were used in this study. Unit root test was used to check stationary. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), ARDL bound test and Error Correction Model (ECM) were applied to find short-run as well as long-run relationship. Finally, pair-wise causal relationship was tested by using Granger causality.

Results: All variables were found to be stationary at first difference. The test statistic of ARDL bound test was 8.17 and was greater than upper bound of 6.36 at 1% significance level. Error correction term’s p-value was 0.0052 and the corresponding values for pair-wise Granger causality from trade deficit to FDI and FDI to trade deficit were 0.00009 and 0.00005, respectively.

Conclusion: There was positive and significant long-run relationship between exchange rate and trade deficit whereas there was negative and significant long-run relationship between real GDP and trade deficit. Moreover, real GDP positively affected trade deficit in short-run. Furthermore, bidirectional causal relationship has been observed between FDI and trade deficit.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Loyalitas Karyawan pada Pertokoan di Sepanjang Jalan Malioboro Yogyakarta.
Authors: Suhartini Yati
Published: December 2020

The research was carried out to know the influence of career development, compensation and job characteristics to employee loyalty at stores along Malioboro street, Yogyakarta.The population of the research were all of Sales Promotion Girls (SPG) and Sales Promotion Boys (SPB) working at stores along Malioboro street. Samples were taken with non-probability sampling technique by quota sampling, as many as 100 respondents. The data was collected by applying questionnaires, and analyzed by using multiple linear regressions with the help of SPSS program for windows release 16.0.This research concluded that factors of career development, compensation and job characteristics, partially or simultaneously showed a positive and significant influence to employee loyalty. These were indicated by the regression coefficient value of each factor of career development, compensation and job characteristics to employee loyalty were 0.421 (X1); 0.149 (X2); 0.411 (X3); and the significant level of each factor were 0.000; 0.45 and 0.000, respectively. While the value of F amounting to 51.235 with the sign.ificance level of 0.000; whereas adjusted R square equal to 0.604.
Pengaruh Kejelasan Sasaran Anggaran terhadap Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintahan dengan Pengawasan Internal sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi Kasus pada SKPD Kota Yogyakarta)
Authors: Erawati Teguh
Published: December 2020

Budgets are one of the most important and relevant things in local government, because budgets have an impact on performance that is attributed to the function of government as the State's hearing. Through a clear budget it will have an impact on the effectiveness of government work plans and accountability processes on a periodic basis. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of clarity of budget targets to the performance accountability of government agencies and internal control as a moderation variable. The population used in this study is SKPD Yogyakarta. The type of data in this study is quantitative. The data sources used are primary data sourced from the distributed kusioner. The analysis technique used is simple regression, t test, r test and pure moderation test. The results of this study is the clarity of budget targets have a positive effect on the performance accountability of government agencies and internal controls can strengthen the relationship of variable clarity of budget targets to the performance accountability of government agencies.
Analisis Cluster Pengelompokan Kepribadian Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Kusumawati Retno Ryani , Hannibal Hannibal , Asih Retika Najmamulat
Published: December 2020

Industrial revolution 4.0 has affected all fields, including Indonesian Ministry of Law and Human Rights whose conducting a revitalization of correctional service where capacity was the main point of clustering is now changing into clustering based on change in behavior of the prisoners, which then used as recommendation for placing prisoners into Minimum Security, Medium Security and Maximum Security Prison. Prisoner’s Personality will show a prisoner’s tendency to behave and to think. Personality can be measured through Big Five Personality Model consisting of Openness to Experience, Concientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. To simplify the placement process, the K-Means Clustering method is used. Of 137 prisoners assessed from Rangkasbitung and Serang Prison, 27 prisoners being placed to Medium Security prison, 52 prisoners to Maximum Security prison, and 58 prisoners to Minimum Security prison.
Pengaruh Karakteristik Tujuan Anggaran Terhadap Kinerja Aparat Pemerintah Daerah Pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Sari Deltania Lunar , Susliyanti Eni Dwi
Published: December 2020

The budgeting process is an important activity and involves various top-level managers as well as lower-level managers who play a role in preparing and evaluating alternatives to budget objectives, where budgets are always used as the best benchmarks of manager performance. This research was carried out at the Regional Device Work Unit (SKPD) Bantul District Special Province of Yogyakarta. This research is included in the type of applied research applied with the aim of applying, testing and evaluating the ability of a theory applied in solving practical problems. The nature of this research is included into quantitative and explanatory descriptive research.The results of this study indicate that budget participation,  Budget feedback, Budget evaluation and The clarity of the budget objective have a positive effect on the performance of the local government officials of Bantul because it obtains a significance value of α <0.05.Based on the results of multiple regression analysis with a significance level of 5%, the results of this study conclude, simultaneously that budget participation has a positive effect on the performance of the local government. Keywords: Budget, Participation, Feedback, Evaluation and Objectives Clarity
Kary dyscyplinarne dla studentów i zasady ich wymierzania
Authors: Mistygacz Michał
Published: December 2020

Students are subject to disciplinary responsibility due to misconduct such as a failure to fulfill their academic duties or to uphold the dignity of the student. The following study focuses on disciplinary penalties for students and rules for their imposition in disciplinary proceedings. The author discusses the catalog of disciplinary penalties and the rules for their imposition on the background of the current legal regulations.
My Version of the Indian Problem
Authors: Donohue (Cherokee Nation) Betty Booth
Published: December 2020

The academy’s ignorance about and resultant bias against Indigenous Americans, their histories, cultures, legal status, and present circumstances have consequences impacting people ranging from American Supreme Court Justices to soccer players. Too often these consequences create disastrous results for First Nations people as well as for the greater society. To address this nescience, university personnel should include Indigenous American studies in their curricula; English professors should teach works by First Nations and American Indian people; and humanities departments should offer Native art and music courses on a permanent basis. Universities should actively recruit, hire, and properly mentor Native students and faculty members. Faculty should engage themselves with student follow-ups and job placements. Professors, editors, and critics should read Native papers and publications from Indigenous perspectives, not Western ones. Students and tribes can also do their part to end academic racism: Indigenous scholars by organizing themselves into associations promoting information exchange and support, and tribal leaders by conscientiously buttressing their members’ progress through financial and political assistance.
Is the Eighteenth Century a Colonizing Temporality?
Authors: Binhammer Katherine
Published: December 2020

This essay queries how the temporal foundation of “eighteenth-century studies” is an obstacle to the goal of “indigenizing” knowledge. It argues that the most basic organizing principle of the field—periodization—is anathema to Indigenous modes of knowing. In order to indigenize we would need to abandon chronology and begin from the perspective of land and space. What might such an approach look like? The essay includes first-person descriptions of experiences from the land in which the author lives, Treaty 6 territory in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Another 1987, or Whiteness and Eighteenth-Century Studies
Authors: Nicolazzo Sal
Published: December 2020

This essay re-evaluates the place of Laura Brown and Felicity Nussbaum’s The New Eighteenth Century (1987) in our historiography of our own field, arguing that its reception and ensuing debates about theory and politics in eighteenth-century studies enabled the misrecognition of the true challenge that postcolonial eighteenth-century scholarship posed to the field in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The central terms of these initial debates primed eighteenth-century scholarship to understand race and empire primarily as topics that politicized theoretical inquiry might pursue, rather than as foundational material structures that implicate us and our work in our objects of study. This narrative of field-formation, by taking the reception of The New Eighteenth Century as the template for methodological revision more generally, continues to characterize race and empire as topics that were successfully “included” decades ago rather than attend to the ongoing structural coloniality and whiteness of the field itself.
Underlying Causes of High Output Heart Failure
Authors: Shen Qiuhua , Shen Qiuhua , B. Hiebert John , D. Pierce Janet
Published: December 2020

In the U.S., each year, there are more than 500,000 new cases of all types of heart failure. With high output
cardiac failure, there is an elevated cardiac output associated with several conditions and diseases, including
obesity, chronic anemia, systemic arterio-venous fistula, hypercapnia, mitochondrial dysfunction, and
hyperthyroidism. The underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms relate to a reduction in systemic vascular
resistance from arterio-venous shunting or peripheral vasodilation. Often there is a decrease in systemic
arterial blood pressure and neurohormonal activation leading to heart failure symptoms of dyspnea and
fatigue. In a persistent high output state, patients may experience tachycardia, valvular abnormalities, and
ventricular dilatation and/or hypertrophy. In this article, there is a review of high output heart failure,
including the prevalence, pathophysiology, and common clinical causes of this disease.
The Impact of Incentives and Awards In Digital Libraries on Primary School Students' Reading Motivation in EFL Classrooms - (A Case of Erbil, Iraq)
Authors: Bala Ali
Published: December 2020

The present study aims at investigating whether the incentives and awards in digital libraries have an impact on private primary school students’ reading motivation in foreign language classrooms. A quantitative research methodology was chosen in order to collect numerical data to reveal the extent of incentives and awards features such as star system, gamified rewards, certificates and badges in digital library on students’ reading attitudes. A questionnaire was designed by the researcher for the purpose. Later, the attitudes of the students towards incentives and rewards and the number of the books that students have read were correlated to investigate whether there is a relationship between them. The sample of the study comprised of 41 grade 5 students from two private primary schools in Erbil (Iraq, KRG). The obtained data analysis was performed through SPSS 25 statistical software. The findings reveal that the incentives and rewards in digital library system positively influence the students’ attitudes towards reading. Furthermore, the number of the books that the students read in 2019-2020 academic year, and the effect of the incentives and rewards on students’ reading motivation are correlated significantly. This research might be beneficial for language teachers to see how students can be motivated to read and enhance their reading skills utilizing technological tools, also for curriculum designers to consider the effectiveness of digital library on students’ reading skill development.

Key words: awards, digital library, foreign language classrooms, incentives, reading attitudes, reading motivation
Influence of Social Media on Students’ Academic Performance as Perceived by Undergraduate Education Students
Authors: Fakokunde Jubril Busuyi
Published: December 2020

The use of social media among tertiary institution students has been the concern of scholars within the education realm in respect of the influence on academic performance. While some have found positive impact, others have recorded negative or neutral. However, specific attention has not been given education students who are the potential builders of up-coming generation on their views in relation to the influence on academic performance. This study therefore investigated the perceived influence of the use of social media on students’ academic performance. The study adopted a descriptive survey design by randomly selecting 297 undergraduate education students of Osun State University from 2nd, 3rd and final year students.  The instrument used for data collection is a self-developed questionnaire titled ‘Influence of Social Media on Academic Performance’. One research question and two hypotheses were generated for the study. Data were analysed using simple percentage and frequency count aspect of descriptive statistics, t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the use of social media has both positive and negative influence on academic performance. The study also revealed no bias in the view of the respondents based on gender and number of years spent as students in the university. The researcher therefore recommends the need to educate students on the educational benefits of social media, guide the students on how to use social media to enhance learning coupled with the incorporation of social media as instructional strategy in the school curriculum.

Keywords: Academic performance, perception, social media, undergraduate students
An Experiment on Teaching English as a Foreign Language in Romanian Schools Using Mastery Learning Strategies
Authors: Vlădescu Irina
Published: December 2020

The last 29 years of education in the democratic system in Romania have shown that the use of mastery learning strategies is not present in our nowadays teaching-learning process. Even though studies were carried out to show the effectiveness of these strategies teachers still feel reluctant whether to implement a mastery learning model or not. The subject emphasized in this paper is related to the implementation of a mastery learning strategy during the teaching of English as a second language in a public school in Bucharest, Romania.

Keywords: education, mastery learning, Romanian schools, knowledge, learning strategies
Sumarni inventar fonda Mjesni narodni odbor Bašanija 1947. – 1952.
Authors: Hrelja Hendi
Published: December 2020

Mjesni narodni odbor Bašanija djelovao je od 1947. do 1952. godine, kao upravno tijelo lokalnoga karaktera neposredno podređen Narodnom odboru
kotara Buje (1945-1955). Naslijedio ga je Narodni odbor Gradske općine Umag
(1952. – 1955.) koji s radom počinje 1952. godine osnutkom Gradske općine Umag
te čija teritorijalna nadležnost obuhvaća područje ukinutoga stvaratelja. Djelatnost
Mjesnoga narodnog odbora Bašanija posebno se odnosila na ostvarivanje
poljoprivrednog plana, brigu o materijalno-kulturnom napretku mjesta,
obavljanje komunalnih poslova, unapređenje obrta i industrije te posredovanje u
procesu razmjene dobara između grada i sela. Za vođenje administracije i
izvršavanje odluka Narodnoga odbora bili su zaduženi njegov predsjednik i
tajnik. Ostali su službenici od predsjednika i tajnika, kojima su bili
odgovorni za svoj rad, dobivali zadatke po potrebi. Nakon
prestanka rada stvaratelja gradivo fonda bilo je pohranjeno u arhivu Skupštine
Općine Buje, odakle je 1977. godine, zajedno s gradivom povezanih stvaratelja,
primljeno u Historijski arhiv – Pazin (danas Državni arhiv u Pazinu). Sređivanje i izrada sumarnoga inventara obavljeni su 2012. godine. Gradivo je sređeno sukladno sadržajno-funkcionalnom modelu sređivanja čuvajući prvobitni red. Cjeline »Opći
spisi po broju« i »Povjerljivi spisi« ostavljene su kao zasebne serije dok je na nižoj razini gradivo složeno sukladno sadržajno-tematskoj problematici.
Matična knjiga krštenih župe Cres (1571. – 1596.)
Authors: Poropat Maria Paola
Published: December 2020

Rad je nastao na temelju istraživanja i analize najstarije sačuvane Matične knjige
krštenih župe Cres. Pisala su je u razdoblju od 1571. do 1596. godine čak
tridesetorica svećenika. Svaki je svećenik, što je i sasvim razumljivo, imao
poseban stil pisanja i različit način oblikovanja slova, pa je rad na njoj
predstavljao i svojevrstan paleografski izazov. Matica je pisana talijanskim
jezikom, odnosno mletačkim dijalektom, koji je bio svojstven urbanim središtima
otoka Cresa zbog gotovo kontinuirane nazočnosti mletačke vlasti od 1145. do
1797. godine, kada je Mletačka Republika prestala postojati. U
radu je pružen tek kratak analitički osvrt na rukopise svećenika u Matičnoj
knjizi krštenih župe Cres, nakon čega slijede poglavlja s podrobnijim
raščlambama i predstavljanjima rezultata u svezi s godišnjim i mjesečnim
rasporedom rađanja djece, potom u svezi s mjesečnim rasporedom začeća te vezom
začeća sa sezonskim poslovima. U posebnim su se poglavljima pružili i osvrti na
broj i ulogu svećenika krstitelja, na nadijevanje imena krštenika, a predstavila
su se i (naj)češća te nešto rjeđa muška i ženska osobna imena. Isto su tako
obrađeni i pridjevci (prezimena) krštenika i njihovih očeva. U kratku je
poglavlju analiziran i broj upisa koji se odnosi na blizanačke parove, a koji
su bili vrlo rijetki u župi Cres u promatranom razdoblju. Rad završava nešto
detaljnijim poglavljem u kojemu je objašnjena uloga kumova, ne samo u životu
krštenika nego i u životu obitelji kojoj je pripadao krštenik. Istaknuta je i
važnost broja kumova/kuma te (naj)češće biranih krsnih kumova/kuma u creskoj
gradskoj zajednici. Kako je riječ o prvom povijesno-demografskom uratku temeljenom na jednoj od matičnih knjiga otoka Cresa, komparativan je pristup sa sličnim istraživanjima i objavljenim rezultatima morao biti okrenut onima koje su odradili stručnjaci u susjednoj Istri. Riječ je o (polu)urbanim zajednicama, odnosno župama u
Lindaru, Pićnu, Puli, Rovinju, Svetvinčentu, Umagu, Taru i Tinjanu.
Oblasni narodni odbor za Istru i neke od
mjera za revitalizaciju istarskoga vinogradarstva i vinarstva u razdoblju 1945.
– 1947.
Authors: Dukovski Vedran
Published: December 2020

Rad se bavi problemom obnove vinogradarstva u Istri u razdoblju 1945. – 1947. godine. Tijekom međuratne talijanske vlasti ono je bilo prilično zapostavljeno, gotovo u
potpunosti uništeno visokim porezima i drugim davanjima. Rezultat toga bilo je
odustajanje od vinogradarstva i okretanje uzgoju žitarica, prvenstveno pšenice.
Oko 50 % površina vinograda u tom je razdoblju prenamijenjeno za uzgoj drugih
poljoprivrednih kultura ili je propalo zbog zapuštanja. Prema tome, prve mjere
ONOI-a bile su usmjerene na obnovu samih vinograda. Trebalo je pronaći
najotpornije sorte, osnovati rasadnike i organizirati tečajeve za uzgajivače.
Veliki su napori uloženi u borbu protiv bolesti vina i trsova, a otežavao ih je
kronični nedostatak modre galice i sumpora. Istovremeno, vlasti su morale
odrediti cijene otkupa i prodaje, pritom pazeći da zaštite interese proizvođača,
trgovca i potrošača. Kako bi se zaštitilo pravo vino i vinski proizvodi, bilo
je važno razlučiti pravo vino i vinske proizvode od umjetnih te napraviti razliku
između vina i drugih alkoholnih pića nastalih od raznoga voća. Za potrebe
pisanja rada korišteni su fondovi Državnog arhiva u Pazinu: »HR-DAPA-79, ONOI,
1945-1947« i »HR-DAPA-91, KNO Vodnjan, 1945.1947« te fond Vojnog arhiva Srbije:
»Vojna uprava JNA, VU 1, 1945-1953«.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR SKINCARE USERS THAT DOES NOT HAVE A PRODUCTION LICENSE REVIEW OF THE CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT
Authors: Sari Siska Diana , Budiono Arief , Yulianie Dita Ajeng
Published: December 2020

This article discusses consumer protection against skincare users. Skincare is a series of products that support skin health, improve appearance and maintain skin condition. Skin care products have different ingredients that skin needs. Skincare is a number of daily routine items carried out by a number of women, to achieve the desired results. It is this factor that attracts women to look for safe but effective skin care products in making white, eliminating dark spots, eliminating acne to blackheads in the female skin area. However, there are a number of individuals from skin care manufacturers making skin care with ingredients that are unsafe for skin health. Using empirical legal research method that is research that serves to look at the law in a clear sense and examine the role of law in society. Sociological law research, because it interacts with the community. This method is taken based on field facts. As for the results of this study, that a number of individuals from skin care manufacturers make products using ingredients that are not safe for the health of consumers' skin. Consumer protection is taken as any action and under the law, taken by the government with the aim of protecting consumers and obtaining legal certainty. To protect consumer rights, governments and consumers must play an active role, because businesses or manufacturers have many ways to trick consumers.Keywords: consumer protection; skin care products. Artikel ini membahas perlindungan konsumen terhadap pengguna skincare. Skincare adalah serangkaian produk yang mendukung kesehatan kulit, meningkatkan penampilan dan menjaga kondisi kulit. Produk perawatan kulit memiliki bahan berbeda yang dibutuhkan kulit. Skincare adalah sejumlah item rutin harian yang dilakukan oleh sejumlah wanita, untuk mencapai hasil yang diinginkan. Faktor inilah yang menarik wanita untuk mencari produk perawatan kulit yang aman namun efektif dalam membuat putih, menghilangkan bintik-bintik gelap, menghilangkan jerawat hingga komedo di area kulit wanita. Namun, ada sejumlah individu dari produsen perawatan kulit membuat perawatan kulit dengan bahan-bahan yang tidak aman untuk kesehatan kulit. Menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris yaitu penelitian yang berfungsi untuk memandang hukum dalam arti yang jelas dan meneliti peran hukum dalam masyarakat. Penelitian hukum sosiologis, karena pihaknya berinteraksi dengan masyarakat. Metode ini diambil berdasarkan fakta lapangan. Adapun hasil penelitian ini, bahwa sejumlah individu dari produsen perawatan kulit membuat produk menggunakan bahan-bahan yang tidak aman untuk kesehatan kulit konsumen. Perlindungan konsumen diambil sebagai tindakan apa pun dan berdasarkan undang-undang, yang diambil oleh pemerintah dengan tujuan melindungi konsumen dan mendapatkan kepastian hukum. Untuk melindungi hak konsumen, pemerintah dan konsumen harus berperan aktif, karena bisnis atau produsen memiliki banyak cara untuk mengelabui konsumen.
ANALISIS LEARNING OBSTACLE PADA MATERI VOLUME LIMAS
Authors: Sawitri Zeni Alif , Fuadiah Nyiayu Fahriza , Tanzimah Tanzimah
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui learning obstacle pada materi volume limas kelas VIII. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Shailendra Palembang dan guru mata pelajaran matematika.Â  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, identifikasi learning obstacle ini bagian dari tahap prosfektif yang ada pada didactical design reserach. Identifikasi learning obstcale pada penelitian ini didapat dari hasil analisis tes diagnostik, hasil wawancara guru dan hasil kajian RPP guru. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapat learning obstacle pada materi volume limas dari faktor epistemologis adalah sebagai berikut: (a) learning obstacle pada konsep perpangkatan; (b) learning obstacle pada konsep phytagoras; (c) learning obstacle pada konsep satuan luas dan volume; dan (d) learning obstacle pada konsep limas.Â  Learning obstacle pada materi volume limas dari faktor didaktis adalah RPP guru mata pelajaran tidak mencerminkan kegiatan belajar-mengajar yang cocok untuk materi volume limas. Learning obstacle pada materi volume limas dari faktor ontogenik tidak ditemukan pada saat berlangsungnya proses penelitian.
PRESENTASI INTERAKTIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING
Authors: Desirizta Sari Steviani
Published: December 2020

Online learning or known as online learning is part of e-learnings. In doing online learning,interactive presentations are needed. Interactive presentations can be created by involvingEducation and Training participants as well as two-way communication between theFacilitator and participants. To realize interactive presentations in online learning must besupported bya variety of learning methods using a variety of available applications. Themethods that can be used for interactive presentations in online learning are lectures,question and answer, discussion, brainstorming and evaluation methods. This methodbecomesinteresting when supported by using the Collud Meeting Zoom, Slido, Jamboard,Padlet and Quizizz applications.
PENERAPAN PIDANA PADA TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN DENGAN PEMBERATAN YANG DILAKUKAN SECARA BERSAMA-SAMA
Authors: Prayitno Rangga , Faniyah Iyah , Rosmelly Wirna
Published: December 2020

Tindak pidana pencurian dengan pemberat yuang dilakukan secara bersama-sama yang diatur dalam Pasal 363 dan Pasal 365 KUHP dinamakan pencurian dengan kualifikasi. Pencurian dengan pemberatan yang dilakukan secara bersama-sama pada Putusan Nomor: 976/Pid.B/2018/Pn.Pdg dan Nomor 890/Pid.B/2018/Pn.Pdg dengan menggunakan perbandingan putusan dimana pada Putusan Nomor: 976/Pid.B/2018/Pn.Pdg kedua terdakwa di hukum dengan hukuman yang berbeda sedangkan pada Putusan Nomor 890/Pid.B/2018/Pn.Pdg di hukum dengan hukuman yang sama, walaupun pasal yang diterapkan sama-sama Pasal 363 Ayat (1) ke 4 KUHP.
PENGARUH USIA, UKURAN, DAN INDEPENDEN DEWAN KOMISARIS TERHADAP AGRESIVENSI PAJAK
Authors: Rinanda Yessy , Yuli Ardiany
Published: December 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh Umur, Ukuran, dan Independensi Dewan Komisaris terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Usia dewan komisaris, ukuran dewan komisaris, dan independen dewan komisaris digunakan sebagai variabel independen dan agresivitas pajak (PPA) digunakan sebagai variabel dependen. Dan dua variabel yang digunakan sebagai variabel kontrol adalah Return On Assets (ROA) dan Leverage. Data dari laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan tahun 2011 sampai dengan 2017. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 266 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Umur, Ukuran, dan Independensi Dewan Komisaris berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Agresivitas Pajak (ETR). Return On Assets (ROA) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Tax Aggressiveness (ETR). Sedangkan Leverage berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap Agresivitas Pajak (ETR).
Geosynthetic Encased Columns Supporting Rail Infrastructure – Perspectives on Research and Case Studies
Authors: Guler Erol , Cengiz Cihan , Detert Oliver
Published: December 2020

Significant investments are being made towards enhancing the reach of the railway infrastructure due to the vast economic benefits it brings. An inevitable consequence of the expansion of the rail network is the soft soil conditions encountered in the alignment. Geosynthetic encased columns (GEC) is a proven ground improvement technology which can be adapted as soil remediation technique for such conditions. In this paper, first an introduction to the concept of GECs will be given. Then the recent advances in the academic research on the GECs will be elaborated. As it is known, earthquakes are one of the most devastating disasters and certainly also have a major effect on transportation infrastructure. In this paper results of shaking table tests to compare ordinary stone columns and GECs behavior under earthquake loading conditions will also be presented. The brief recap of the state of the art on the geosynthetic encased columns including their earthquake behavior will be followed by case studies on three major projects where the site conditions and project requirements will be discussed. The significant benefits of geosynthetic encased columns in relation to project requirements will also be elaborated.
Study on Radial Stiffness of Contact Pair of Logarithmic Modified Tapered Roller Bearing
Authors: Luo Shimin , Wang Junyi
Published: December 2020

Based on Hertz elastic contact theory, elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory, the equivalent radial stiffness model of roller raceway contact pair of logarithmic modified tapered roller bearing is derived under the consideration of oil film stiffness. The calculation results show that the equivalent radial contact stiffness increases with the increase of contact load, increases linearly with the increase of effective contact length of roller, and changes little with the increase of modification f1. When the radial load is small, the oil film has a great influence on the equivalent radial stiffness, which decreases gradually with the increase of the radial load.
Fault Diagnosis for Vehicle on-Board Equipments of High-Speed Railway Based on GA-ANFIS Model
Authors: Kong Linggang , Li Shuo , Chen Xinlong , Qin Hongyan
Published: December 2020

Vehicle on-board equipment is the most important train control equipment in high-speed railways. Due to the low efficiency and accuracy of manual detection, in this paper, we propose an intellectualized fault diagnosis method based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) network. Firstly, we collect the fault information sheets that are recorded by electrical personnel, using frequency weighting factor and principal component analysis (PCA) to realize the data extraction and dimension reduction; Then, in order to improve the fault diagnosis rate of the model, using genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the parameters of the ANFIS network; Finally, using the fault data of a high-speed railway line in 2019 to test the model, the optimized ANFIS model can achieve 96% fault diagnosis rate for vehicle on-board equipments, which indicating the method is effective and accurate.
A Train-Mounted GPR System for Operating Railway Tunnel Inspection
Authors: Xiong Hongqiang , Su Guofeng , Zhang Chunliu , Li Baoqing , Wei Wentao
Published: December 2020

With the increasing number and aging of railway tunnels, regular inspection will be an important means to ensure the safety for operation railways. A train-mounted ground penetrating radar system with cores of air-coupled antennas and shared time-window model has been developed to allow for long-distance and fast inspection of tunnels. The system consists of 6 groups of air-coupled antennas with center frequency of 300 MHz. The distance between antenna and lining is 0.5–4.0 m, the scanning rate of the system is 976 scans/Sec and the detection depth of the GPR can reach to 2.5 m. Under the theoretical design, the maximum speed of train can reach 70.27 km/h with a scan interval of 0.02 m. The test results on Shenyang-Dandong railway passenger dedicated line show that the system can identify the thickness of lining, the void and the backfill state behind lining.
Prognostic Role of mRNA-Expression of Aquaporins (AQP) 3, 4, 7 and 9 in Stage pT1 Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Reiß Julian , Kälble Sebastian , Bründl Johannes , Rosenhammer Bernd , Gierth Michael , Weber Florian , Eckstein Markus , Wirtz Ralph Markus , Denzinger Stefan , Burger Maximilian , Otto Wolfgang , Breyer Johannes
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

AQP proteins show a variety of functions in human cell metabolism. The role of different AQP subtypes in tumor metabolism and prognosis are subject of ongoing research.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the mRNA expression of Aquaporin (AQP) 3, 4, 7 and 9 in pT1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and its prognostic value in therapeutic decision making.

METHODS:

Formalin-fixed-paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues from transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) from 112 patients with initial diagnosis of stage pT1 NMIBC were analyzed retrospectively together with clinical data and therapeutic approaches. mRNA expression of AQP3, 4, 7 and 9 was measured and quantified using RT-qPCR.

RESULTS:

Of the 112 patients (83.9%male, median age 72 years), 40 had a recurrence (35.7%), 16 a progression (14.3%) and 14 patients (12.5%) died tumor-related. mRNA expression for AQP3 was detected in 99.1%, AQP4 in 46.4%, AQP7 in 86.6%and AQP9 in 97.3%. Spearman analysis revealed statistically significant correlations between AQP3, AQP7 and AQP9 mRNA expression with adverse clinical and histopathological parameters (WHO1973 grade 3, concomitant Cis or multifocality). High AQP9 mRNA expression was associated with worse PFS in the total cohort ( p = 0.034) and in Grade 3 tumors ( p = 0.003) in Kaplan-Meier analysis. In patients with bladder sparing approach, high AQP3 mRNA expression was significantly associated with worse CSS in patients receiving BCG therapy ( p = 0.029).

CONCLUSIONS:

mRNA expression of AQP3, 7 and 9 correlates with adverse clinical and pathological parameters. AQP3 and 9 may help to identify a subgroup of highest risk patients who may be considered for early cystectomy.
Towards a Middle-Ground Theory of Agency for Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Longin Louis
Published: December 2020

The recent rise of artificial intelligence (AI) systems has led to intense discussions on their ability to achieve higher-level mental states or the ethics of their implementation. One question, which so far has been neglected in the literature, is the question of whether AI systems are capable of action. While the philosophical tradition appeals to intentional mental states, others have argued for a widely inclusive theory of agency. In this paper, I will argue for a gradual concept of agency because both traditional concepts of agency fail to differentiate the agential capacities of AI systems.
Applying the Theory of Make-Believe to Human-Robot Interaction
Authors: Rueben Matthew , Rothberg Eitan , Matarić Maja J.
Published: December 2020

People often make ascriptions that they believe to be literally false. A robot, for example, may be treated as if it were a dog, or as if it had certain intentions, emotions, or personality traits. How can one do this while also believing that robots cannot really have such traits? In this paper we explore how Kendall Walton’s theory of make-believe might account for this apparent paradox. We propose several extensions to Walton’s theory, some implications for how we make attributions and use mental models, and an informal account of human-robot interaction from the human’s perspective.
The “Social” of the Socially Interactive Robot: Rethinking Human-Robot Interaction Through Ethnomethodology
Authors: Jarske Salla , Raudaskoski Sanna , Kaipainen Kirsikka
Published: December 2020

As social robots project socially interactive skills including speech and gestures, they are in a position to project normative practices that humans ordinarily rely upon in their everyday interactions with each other. Social robots enable experiences that are reducible to interaction as a normative practice, such as a sense of moral obligation to respond to a robot’s greeting. This may have consequences both for the user experience and the design of social robots that are currently overlooked. We propose that theoretical-methodological tools from ethnomethodology should be applied to evaluate and investigate the experiences related to social interaction with social robots.
Protomoral Machines: The Evolution of Morality as a Guideline for Robot Ethics
Authors: Kokkonen Tomi
Published: December 2020

There are two connected questions about moral agency and robots: How can we ensure that robots behave in accordance with relevant ethical considerations? Is it possible to have genuinely moral machines? I will approach these questions from an evolutionary perspective and argue for the importance of a middle-range perspective on the morality of machines: we should neither be restricted to the present-day perspective of current ethical concerns nor to the far future theoretical issues concerning the possibility of genuine morality. Instead, we should reflect on what it would mean to create protomoral machines. The evolution of human morality may help in this.
What Is Robot Ethics? …And Can It Be Standardized?
Authors: Funk Michael
Published: December 2020

This metaethical paper develops an answer to the question of what “Robot Ethics” amounts to. In a language critical approach two levels and four meanings are reconstructed. The focus is on the way in which we practically talk about “Robot Ethics” and the different meanings we concretely address. This includes a conceptual analysis of some trademarks of the current debate. A systematic approach is then presented including an answer to the question whether ethics can be standardized or not—a question that has gained recent interest due to several international regulatory activities in the field of robotics and Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Greening the Machine Question: Towards an Ecological Framework for Assessing Robot Rights
Authors: Gellers Joshua C.
Published: December 2020

Could robots have rights? On the one hand, robots are becoming increasingly human-like in appearance and behavior. On the other hand, legal systems around the world are increasingly recognizing the rights of nonhuman entities. Observing these macro-level trends, in this paper I present an ecological framework for evaluating the conditions under which some robots might be considered eligible for certain rights. I argue that a critical, materialist, and broadly ecological interpretation of the environment, along with decisions by jurists establishing or upholding the rights of nature, support extension of rights to nonhuman entities like robots.
Brevican and Neurocan Peptides as Potential Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Differentiation Between Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Minta Karolina , Brinkmalm Gunnar , Portelius Erik , Johansson Per , Svensson Johan , Kettunen Petronella , Wallin Anders , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Andreasson Ulf
Published: December 2020

Background: Brevican and neurocan are central nervous system-specific extracellular matrix proteoglycans. They are degraded by extracellular enzymes, such as metalloproteinases. However, their degradation profile is largely unexplored in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Objective: The study aim was to quantify proteolytic peptides derived from brevican and neurocan in human CSF of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) compared with controls. Methods: The first cohort consisted of 75 individuals including 25 patients with AD, 7 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosed with AD upon follow-up, 10 patients with VaD or MCI diagnosed with VaD upon follow-up, and 33 healthy controls and cognitively stable MCI patients. In the second cohort, 31 individuals were included (5 AD patients, 14 VaD patients and 12 healthy controls). Twenty proteolytic peptides derived from brevican (n = 9) and neurocan (n = 11) were quantified using high-resolution parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. Results: In the first cohort, the majority of CSF concentrations of brevican and neurocan peptides were significantly decreased inVaDas compared withADpatients (AUC = 0.83.0.93, p≤0.05) and as compared with the control group (AUC = 0.79.0.87, p ≤ 0.05). In the second cohort, CSF concentrations of two brevican peptides (B87, B156) were significantly decreased in VaD compared with AD (AUC = 0.86.0.91, p ≤ 0.05) and to controls (AUC = 0.80.0.82, p ≤ 0.05), while other brevican and neurocan peptides showed a clear trend to be decreased in VaD compared with AD (AUC = 0.64.80, p > 0.05). No peptides differed between AD and controls. Conclusion: Brevican and neurocan peptides are potential diagnostic biomarkers for VaD, with ability to separate VaD from AD.
Classroom education effect evaluation model based on MFO intelligent optimization algorithm
Authors: Weimin Ouyang
Published: December 2020

In order to improve the evaluation effect of classroom education, this paper proposes the MFO intelligent optimization algorithm based on the idea of machine learning, and builds the classroom education effect evaluation model based on the MFO intelligent optimization algorithm. Moreover, this paper uses a logarithmic spiral to simulate the path of the moth to the flame and invert the pending parameters in the mathematical model, and adds vertical and horizontal algorithms and chaos operators on this basis. The crisscross algorithm allows different moth individuals and the same moth to perform cross calculations with different computing dimensions to increase the diversity of moth populations, so that moths in the search space can traverse the entire search space as much as possible to find a better solution. Moreover, in view of the problems of BP neural network such as low fitting accuracy, this paper applies the CCMFO algorithm to improve the BP neural network to form the CCMFO-BP algorithm, and improves the weight and threshold update process of the BP neural network to make the network operation more efficient and accurate. Finally, this paper designs experiments to analyze the performance of the model constructed in this paper. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper meets the expected requirements.
Color image design based on machine learning and SVM algorithm
Authors: Bo Li
Published: December 2020

In today’s society, graphic design, as a popular image processing technology, plays an increasingly important role in people’s lives. In the specific operation process of graphic design, It is no longer restricted to the traditional development mode, such as file format and other factors. With the development of computer network technology, people promote the development of graphic design by constructing color management system. At the same time, the construction of color management system can help people to change colors and define colors when they process image information and output pictures. In the process of printing pictures, in order to make the colors used in the design process clearly printed out and without color difference, there are still many problems to be considered. First, we need to consider the unexpected situation and the complexity of image processing. Based on the introduction of computer learning, this paper will discuss and study the development of graphic design by SVM theory.
Fuzzy system for economy back on track
Authors: Paul Anand , Cheung Simon K.S. , Ho Chiung Ching , Din Sadia
Published: December 2020

This special issue of the Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems contains selected articles of fuzzy system for economy back on track.
Grassland resource evaluation based on improved bp network model and analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Jiang Zhou , Wei Zhenwu
Published: December 2020

Grassland resources are an important part of land resources. Moreover, it has the functions of regulating the climate, windproof and sand fixation, conserving water sources, maintaining water and soil, raising livestock, providing food, purifying the air, and beautifying the environment in terrestrial ecosystems. Grassland resource evaluation is of great significance to the sustainable development of grassland resources. Therefore, this paper improves the BP neural network, uses the comprehensive index method to calculate the weights in the analytic hierarchy process, and constructs a water resources carrying capacity research and analysis system based on the entropy weight extension decision theory. Meanwhile, this paper analyzes different levels of resource and environmental carrying capacity to achieve the purpose of comprehensive evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity. In addition, based on the theory of sustainable development, under the guidance of the principle of index system construction, this paper studies the actual situation of grassland resources and the availability and operability of data, and combines with the opinions given by experts to form an evaluation index system of grassland resources and environmental carrying capacity. Finally, through the actual case study analysis, it is concluded that the model constructed in this paper has a certain effect.