bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Internet of People strikes back: Two future scenarios and a proposition
Authors: Cardullo Paolo
Published: June 2020

As ‘smart cities’ become more involved in data-driven processes of growth and governance, their advocates have been pushing for increasing network and data capacity flows through 5G technology. Critical interventions route their solutions prevalently through data commons, citizens’ sensing and ethics of data with less focus on the physical infrastructure of the Internet and ‘smart’ technologies in relation to urban commons, practices of commoning, and everyday materiality of social reproduction.The paper advocates, instead, for alternative ecologies for the adoption of the Internet of People (IoP), rather than the Internet of Things (IoT) currently promoted by the ‘smart city’ spinning discourse. It suggests a ‘public’ data and Internet infrastructures, which is run by the city and its citizens: this has become more an urgent matter during the pandemic crisis which forced most of the world population to stay at home, thus increasing their demands on the ‘network of networks’.
The Theoretical Value of the Hubble Constant Ho and Unification of the Fundamental Forces of Nature
Authors: Rivera Paul C.
Published: June 2020

The Hubble constant Ho represents the speed of expansion of the universe and various cosmological observations and modeling methods were utilized by astronomers for a century to pin down its exact value. Determining Ho from cosmological observations is a long and tedious process requiring highly accurate datasets. To circumvent this need, a simple theoretical approach is introduced in this study which uses the concept of gravitational weakening and seismic-induced recession. As tremors occur among celestial objects, their gravitational fields would also change. This resulted in a fundamental relation of Ho and the computed rate of recession that gives a theoretical value for Ho = 69.921 Km/s/Mpc. Using the newly discovered seismic-induced gravitational weakening and time dilation, it is possible that various astrophysical methods using different measurement methods would converge to this theoretical Ho value when cosmological distances and time delay measurements are corrected with the simple formulas we derived. The new model assumes that, as quakes occur in celestial objects, luminosity-induced acceleration and high-energy collision of protons and electrons may produce a massive number of neutrinos, quarks and other subatomic particles. Furthermore, the fine structure constant was found to be inversely proportional to Ho-squared and that the fine-structure constant obtained in this study gives a new physical interpretation of α. New relations for the speed of light, orbital velocity, gravitational force and the Hubble constant were further derived from the new recession constant using approximate relations for the Newtonian and electric force constant. This resulted in a modified gravitational law that is both repulsive and attractive and a theoretical explanation of the phenomenon of light-induced gravitation analogous to the electromagnetic force where photon is the force-carrier. Finally, the fundamental forces of gravitation, electromagnetism and strong nuclear force are now unified.
Machine learning and fault rupture: a review
Authors: Ren Christopher , Hulbert Claudia , Johnson Paul , Rouet‐Leduc Bertrand
Published: June 2020

Geophysics has historically been a data-driven field, however in recent years the exponential increase of available data has lead to increased adoption of machine learning techniques and algorithm for analysis, detection and forecasting applications to faulting. This work reviews recent advances in the application of machine learning in the study of fault rupture ranging from the laboratory to Solid Earth.
Serial dependence alters perceived object appearance
Authors: Collins Thérèse
Published: June 2020

The visual world is constantly changing, in contrast with human perceptual experience which is smooth and stable. One of the posited psychological mechanisms that may contribute to this constructed perceptual stability is the continuity field, a spatio-temporal integration window. The current study examined whether the continuity field, as quantified by serial dependence between reported attributes of successive visual stimuli, influenced the subjective appearance of objects or decisional stages in response determination. To do so, an oddball task required participants to directly compare visual objects, and decorrelated responses (present/absent) from the visual attribute on which serial dependence may occur (orientation). Results showed that serial dependence could cause a single visual object to appear different from surrounding distractors, leading to modulations of performance. These results argue in favor of an early, perceptual level of serial dependence.
Children's understanding of the abstract logic of counting
Authors: Jacobs Colin , Flowers Madison , Jara-Ettinger Julian
Published: June 2020

When children learn to count, do they understand its logic independent of the number list that they learned to count with? Here we tested CP-knowers’ (ages three to five) understanding of how counting reveals a set’s cardinality, even when non-numerical lists are used to count. Participants watched an agent count unobservable objects in two boxes and were asked to identify the larger set. Participants successfully identified the box with more objects when the agent counted using their familiar number list (Experiment 1) and when the agent counted using a non-numeric ordered list, as long as the items in the list were not linguistically used as number words (Experiments 2-3). Additionally, children’s performance was strongly influenced by visual cues that helped them link the list’s order to representations of magnitude (Experiment 4). Our findings suggest that three- to six-year-olds who can count also understand how counting reveals a set’s cardinality, but they require additional time to understand how symbols on any arbitrary ordered list can be used as numerals.
Unconscious information integration: A replication and the role of spatial window in masking experiments
Authors: Van Opstal Filip , Rooyakkers Molly
Published: June 2020

Consciousness and high-level information integration have commonly been closely related to each other (Baars, 2002; Dehaene & Naccache, 2001; Tononi, 2004). Different results, however, have challenged this assumption by showing that information integration can occur for stimuli presented outside of conscious awareness. More recently, a re-examination of some of the data and different replication attempts questioned these results thereby again suggesting a close link between consciousness and information integration. The current study aimed at (i) replicating another piece of evidence for unconscious information integration and (ii) investigating if the size of the spatial window in which the information to be integrated is presented could explain why unconscious information integration sometimes fails. Results showed a reliable replication so providing further evidence for unconscious information integration in a subliminal priming paradigm. Furthermore, our results revealed that unconscious integration depends on the size of the spatial window in which the information is presented.
Subtypes of brain activation are heritable and genetically linked with behavior in the Human Connectome Project sample
Authors: Benhajali Yassine , Badhwar AmanPreet , Urchs Sebastian , Moreau Clara , Chouinard-Decorte Francois , Vainik Uku , Ferré Perrine , Orban Pierre , Pérusse Daniel , Bellec Pierre
Published: June 2020

Many imaging and genetics studies have aimed to clarify whether the brain acts as an intermediate phenotype mediating the influence of genes in human behaviour. Brain activations in response to task demands are heterogeneous at the individual level, but also follow common patterns at the group level. Some studies have addressed this tension between heterogeneity and homogeneity by identifying groups of individuals that share the same brain activations patterns, called brain activation subtypes. In this work, we aimed to assess the viability of brain subtypes as endophenotypes intermediate between genes and behavior. We extracted brain activation subtypes separately for seven fMRI tasks, in 842 participants from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). We estimated the heritability of these subtypes and their genetic correlation with behavioral measures obtained inside and outside the scanner. Across all tasks, subtypes ranged from a predominantly ‘deactivating’ pattern towards a more ‘activating’ pattern of brain activity, with a heritability estimate ranging from 0 to 0.62. We observed high genetic and phenotypic correlation between behavioral measures and brain activation subtypes only for language and working memory tasks. Our results showed a significant genetic grounding of brain activation subtypes and they appear as a simple yet effective technique to tackle heterogeneity into imaging genetics studies.
Integration of Discrete and Global Structures of Affect Across Three Large Samples: Specific Emotions Within-Persons and Global Affect Between-Persons
Authors: Jacobson Nicholas C. , Evey Kelsey J. , Wright Aidan G.C. , Newman Michelle G.
Published: June 2020

Researchers have held a long-standing debate regarding the validity of discrete emotions versus global affect. The current manuscript tries to integrate these perspectives by explicitly examining the structures of state and trait affect across time. Across three samples (sample 1: N = 176 Unites States undergraduates in a 50 day daily diary study, total observations = 7,504; sample 2: N = 2,104 in a 30 day daily diary study within a community sample in Germany; total observations = 28,090; sample 3: N = 245, ecological momentary assessment study within the United States from an outpatient psychiatry clinic completing five measurements per day for 21 days; total observations = 29,950), participants completed the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. An exploratory multilevel factor analysis in sample 1 allowed for the simultaneous estimation of state factors (i.e., within-person factor analysis) and trait factors (i.e., between-person factor analysis). Confirmatory multilevel factor models examined the generalizability of the multilevel factor solutions to samples 2 and 3. Across all samples, the results suggested strong support for a two-factor solution for trait affect and a seven-factor solution for state emotion. Taken together, these results suggest that positive affect and negative affect can be used to describe differences across people, but at least seven differentiated emotions are experienced within persons across time.
Internal consistency and test-retest reliability of an affective task-switching paradigm
Authors: Eckart Cindy , Kraft Dominik , Fiebach Christian
Published: June 2020

Affective flexibility refers to the flexible adaptation of behavior or thought given emotionally relevant stimuli, tasks, or contexts, and has been associated with the efficiency of emotion regulation and dealing with stress and adversity. Experimentally, individual differences in affective flexibility have been measured as behavioral costs (response times, errors rates) of switching between affective and neutral tasks. However, behavioral task measures can only be treated as trait-like characteristics if they have sufficient psychometric quality. We report an analysis of the test-retest reliability (interval two weeks) as well as internal consistencies of behavioral switch costs measured in an affective task switching paradigm. This paradigm elicits strong response time switch costs for both tasks, but higher when switching to the emotion than to the gender task. These ‘asymmetric switch costs’ suggest dominance of the emotional task rule. Reliability analyses indicated excellent internal consistency estimates (Spearman-Brown corrected r = .92 for both switch directions) and good test-retest reliabilities (ICC(2,1) of .78 and .82, respectively) for response time-based switch costs. Effect sizes and reliability estimates were substantially lower for switch costs calculated from error rates, which is consistent with previous literature discussing the psychometric properties of task-based cognitive measures. Reliability measures were lower but still acceptable for valence-specific response time-based switch costs, potentially due to lower trial numbers per cell when increasing granularity of the analysis. In conclusion, our results indicate that response time-based affective switch costs are well-suited as individual differences measure, and thus may be a valuable proxy for assessing affective flexibility.
Surgical face masks impair human face matching performance for familiar and unfamiliar faces
Authors: Carragher Daniel James , Hancock Peter
Published: June 2020

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many governments around the world now recommend, or require, that their citizens cover the lower half of their face in public. Consequently, many people now wear surgical face masks in public. We investigated whether surgical face masks affected the performance of human observers, and a state-of-the-art face recognition system, on tasks of perceptual face matching. Participants judged whether two simultaneously presented face photographs showed the same person or two different people. We superimposed images of surgical masks over the faces, creating three different mask conditions: control (no masks), mixed (one face wearing a mask), and masked (both faces wearing masks). We found that surgical face masks have a large detrimental effect on human face matching performance, and that the degree of impairment is the same regardless of whether one or both faces in each pair are masked. Surprisingly, this impairment is similar in size for both familiar and unfamiliar faces. When matching masked faces, human observers are biased to reject unfamiliar faces as “mismatches” and to accept familiar faces as “matches”. Finally, the face recognition system showed very high classification accuracy for control and masked stimuli, even though it had not been trained to recognise masked faces. However, accuracy fell markedly when one face was masked and the other was not. Our findings demonstrate that surgical face masks impair the ability of humans, and naïve face recognition systems, to perform perceptual face matching tasks. Identification decisions for masked faces should be treated with caution.
Subjective Fear Dilutes as Group Size Increases
Authors: mobbs dean , Tedeschi Ellen , Buyalskaya Anastasia , Silston Brian
Published: June 2020

According to Hamilton’s Selfish Herd Theory, a crucial survival benefit of group living is that it provides a ‘risk dilution’ function against predation. Despite a large literature on group living benefits in animals, few studies have been conducted on how group size alters subjective fear or threat perception in humans, and on what factors drive preferences for being in groups when facing threats. We conducted seven experiments (N=3,838) to test (A) if the presence of others decreases perception of threat under a variety of conditions. In studies 1 to 3, we experimentally manipulated group size in hypothetical and real-world situations, to show that fear responses decreased as group size increased. In studies 4 to 7 we again used a combination of hypothetical, virtual and real-world decisions to test (B) how internal states (e.g. anxiety) and external factors (e.g. threat level, availability of help) affected participants’ preference for groups. Participants consistently chose larger groups when threat and anxiety were high. Overall, our findings show that group size provides a salient signal of protection and safety.
Hype, hyperscanning and embodied social neuroscience
Authors: Hamilton Antonia
Published: June 2020

Hyperscanning has been hailed as a game-changing method which will allow us to understand the neuroscience of multi-person social interactions and create ‘second person neuroscience’. Here, I present a critical review of fNIRS hyperscanning studies, examining what they can and cannot tell us about social neuroscience. A key problem is that many current hyperscanning methods cannot distinguish a pure pattern of interpersonal coherence from effects driven by a common input. Limited data on participant behaviour during testing sessions compounds this problem, because it is not clear what behaviours might mediate the brain coherence patterns that are reported. Some studies respond to this problem by retreating from strong cognitive interpretations of hyperscanning data and measuring how overall levels of coherence differ with individual factors (such as age, gender, social relationships between people or clinical diagnosis). Here, I suggest that there is a better way to analyse and interpret hyperscanning studies. By tracking behaviour in detail, and analysing behaviour and brain activity patterns together, it will be possible to define what types of action, perception and mutual prediction arising in the interaction of two or more people can lead to coherent brain signals and why. This approach acknowledges that social brains are embodied and that coherent brain activity arises from the social behaviour of two people in an interaction. By integrating our study of the social brain and social behaviour, we will be able to strengthen the science of both.
Stay at Home! When Personality Profiles Influence Mental Health and Creativity during the COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Michinov Estelle , Michinov Nicolas
Published: June 2020

With the COVID-19 outbreak, the population was suddenly forced to “stay at home”. Although research suggests that social isolation affects health and wellbeing, reactions may vary depending on individuals. The current study assessed the relationships between personality variables (preference for solitude and Big Five personality), mental health (anxiety, stress, loneliness), and creativity, and tried to determine whether the identified personality profiles affect individuals’ mental health and creativity. French respondents (N = 430) filled in an online questionnaire during the first lockdown in Spring 2020. The results showed that the preference for solitude and personality variables of the Big Five predicted individuals’ mental health and creativity. Moreover, a cluster analysis revealed three profiles of individuals: “Affiliation”, “Emotionally Stable Lonely” and “Emotionally Unstable Lonely”. Results showed that individuals with “Affiliation” and “Emotionally Unstable Lonely” profiles expressed higher stress and anxiety, and the latter performed better on a divergent creative thinking task. By contrast, those with an “Emotionally Stable Lonely” profile expressed a lower level of loneliness, and performed better on a creative insight task. These findings reveal the importance of personality profiles in psychological reactions during lockdowns. With this knowledge, health professionals could develop appropriate interventions to accompany high-risk individuals in situations of social isolation.
Studi Profitabilitas BUMN di Indonesia Tahun 2012 – 2016 dengan Pendekatan Analisis Regresi Panel
Authors: Muin Muhamad Fathul
Published: June 2020

BUMN memiliki peranan penting sebagai pilar ekonomi nasional. Salah satu tujuan pendirian BUMN adalah menjadi sumber pendanaan bagi negara dalam bentuk pajak dan dividen. Secara umum, kontribusi BUMN terhadap penerimaan negara memiliki tren positif. Namun, kerugian dan potensi kebangkrutan masih menjadi tantangan bisnis hingga saat ini. Oleh karena itu, studi tentang profitabilitas masih relevan dan penting untuk dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kinerja keuangan BUMN dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas. Metode yang digunakan yaitu regresi data panel terhadap 118 perusahaan selama tahun 2012-2016. Variabel yang digunakan terdiri dari profitabilitas (return on assets), pertumbuhan aset (total asset growth), likuiditas (current ratio), efektivitas dan efisiensi manajemen aset (total assets turnover), serta liabilitas (debt to equity ratio). Setelah memangkas data outlier sebanyak 10 perusahaan serta melakukan uji statistik lainnya, model yang diperoleh adalah fixed effect model (FEM). Efek dari total asset growth, current ratio, dan total assets turnover adalah positif dan signifikan terhadap return on asset. Sementara itu, pengaruh debt to equity ratio adalah positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap return on asset. Secara umum, model regresi ini mampu menjelaskan varians return on asset pada BUMN sebesar 92,40 persen.
PENGARUH PUPUK KANDANG SAPI DAN PUPUK GANDASIL B TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN BUNCIS ( Phaseolus vulgaris L ) VARIETAS LEBAT-3
Authors: Musdalifah Musdalifah , Napitupulu Marisi
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk kandang sapi dan pupuk Gandasil B serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman buncis varietas Lebat-3, dan juga untuk mengetahui dosis pupuk kandang sapi dan konsentrasi pupuk Gandasil B yang terbaik bagi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman buncis varietas Lebat-3.Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 4 bulan, terhitung mulai dari bulan Februari 2017 sampai dengan Mei 2017. Lokasi penelitian terletak di Jl. Pendidikan, Kecamatan Sangatta Utara, Kabupaten Kutai Timur.Penelitian menggunakan analisis faktorial 3 x 3 dalam  Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 5 kali ulangan. Faktor penelitian terdiri atas 2 faktor.  Faktor I adalah Pupuk Kandang Sapi (K), terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu : tanpa pupuk kandang sapi atau kontrol (k0), dosis pupuk kandang sapi 10 ton/ha setara 200 g/polibag (k1), dan dosis pupuk kandang sapi 20 ton/ha setara 400 g/polibag (k2).  Faktor II adala Pupuk Gandasil B (B), terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu : tanpa pupuk Gandasil B  atau kontrol (b0), konsentrasi pupuk Gandasil B 2 g/l.air (b1), dan konsentrasi pupuk  Gandasil B 4 g/l.air (b2).Perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 20 hari setelah tanam, umur berbunga, panjang polong, jumlah polong per tanaman dan berat polong per tanaman.  Berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap panjang tanaman umur 40 hari setelah tanamlam
PENGARUH PUPUK GREEN TONIK DAN PUPUK NPK MUTIARA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHANDAN HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) VARIETAS BONANZA
Authors: Huvat Simon Savang
Published: June 2020

Pengaruh Pupuk Green Tonik dan Pupuk NPK Mutiara Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata L.) Varietas Bonanza. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh Green Tonik dan pupuk NPK Mutiara serta interaksinya, serta untuk mengetahui konsentrasi pupuk Green Tonik dosis dan pupuk NPK Mutiara yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis yang terbaik.Penelitian menggunakan percobaan faktorial 3 x 4 dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 (tiga) kelompok. Faktor I adalah Jenis Konsentrasi Pupuk Green Tonik (G), terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu : tanpa pupuk Green Tonik (g0), konsentrasi pupuk Green Tonik 2 ml/l.air (g1),  dan konsentrasi pupuk Green Tonik 4 ml/l.air (g3). Faktor II adalah Dosis Pupuk NPK Mutiara (M), terdiri atas 4 taraf, yaitu : tanpa pupuk NPK Mutiara atau kontrol (m0),  dosis pupuk NPK Mutiara 100 kg/ha setara 48 g/petak (m1), dosis pupuk NPK Mutiara 200 kg/ha setara 96 g/petak (d3), dan dosis pupuk 300 kg/ha setara 144 g/petak (m3)  Perlakuan pupuk Green Tonik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter umur keluar bunga jantan, umur keluar bunga betina, umur panen, panjang tongkol dan diameter tongkol. Berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 4 minggu dan umur 6 minggu setelah tanam serta produksi tongkol.  Produksi tongkol tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan g2 (konsentrasi pupuk Green Tonik 4 ml/l.air), yaitu 16,60 ton/ha, sedangkan produksi tongkol terendah terdapat pada perlakuan g0 (tanpa pupuk Green Tonik atau kontrol), yaitu 16,14 ton/ha.Perlakuan pupuk NPK Mutiara berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter panjang tongkol. Produksi tongkol tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan m3 (dosis pupuk NPK Mutiara 300 kg/ha), yaitu 17,23 ton/ha.
PENGARUH PUPUK TANIJAU DAN NPK MUTIARA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SEMANGKA (Citrullus vulgaris Schard) VARIETAS ANGELA FI
Authors: Hidayat Nur
Published: June 2020

Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk Tanijau dan NPK Mutiara serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman semangka  varietas Angela F1 serta untuk memperoleh dosis pupuk Tanijau dan NPK Mutiara yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan produksi tanaman semangka (Citrullus vulgaris Schard)  Varietas Angela F1.                                                           Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan analisis faktorial 4 x 4 dan terdiri atas 3 ulangan (blok). Faktor pertama adalah Dosis Pupuk Tanijau (A) yang terdiri atas 4 taraf. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk NPK Mutiara  (N) yang terdiri atas 4 taraf.Perlakuan pupuk Tanijau tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter umur panen dan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap parameter panjang tanaman umur 20, 40, 60 hari setelah tanam, umur keluar bunga, diameter buah, berat buah per petak produksi serta produksi buah. Produksi buah tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan a3 (30 ton/ha), yaitu 38,23 ton/ha. Perlakuan pupuk NPK Mutiara tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter umur panen tetapi berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter umur keluar bunga dan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap panjang tanaman umur 20, 40, 60 hari setelah tanam, diameter buah, berat buah per petak produksi serta produksi buah. Produksi buah tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan n3 (900 kg/ha), yaitu 28,44 kg/ha.                                                       Interaksi perlakuan antara pupuk Tanijau dan pupuk NPK Mutiara tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter panjang tanaman umur 20 hari setelah tanam, umur keluar bunga, umur panen, diameter buah, berat buah per petak produksi dan produksi buah tetapi berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter panjang tanaman umur 40 dan 60 hari setelah tanam.            Produksi buah tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan a3n2 (30 ton/ha dan 600 kg/ha), yaitu 41,00 ton/ha.
Społeczno-ekonomiczne przesłanki integracji Czarnogóry z Unią Europejską
Authors: Łakota-Micker Małgorzata , Noga Beniamin
Published: June 2020

The subject of the analysis conducted in the article is the current social and economic situation of Montenegro – one of the candidate countries for the membership of the European Union. The research problem -is important due to the fact, that the Balkan countries are an enclave surrounded on all sides by the EU Member States. On the other hand, EU Member States have awareness of the increasingly visible influence of Russia, China or Turkey in this region, which in the future may threaten the EU’s policy of stabilisation and democratisation of the region, as well as reduce the sense of security in European societies. The article aims to determine the premises that will indicate the opportunities and threats to further socio-economic development of Montenegro and its proper economic prosperity, which can lead to accession in 2025. The future of accession to the EU depends on the fulfillment of socio-economic criteria, which were partly achieved as a result of the first stage of the country’s transformation process. Montenegro can also use the experience of the past – gained as a federal state – in this process, however, on the other hand, the quality of integration with Serbia will not be a valuable experience for entering the structures of the community with great economic, social and organisational potential.
Neutronic analysis of gadolinia bearing fuel assemblies
Authors: Louis H. K. , Hassan M.
Published: June 2020

Gadolinium is mixed with nuclear fuel for extended burnup, increased reactor cycle Lengths, and in-out core refueling schemes. The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of Gadolinium on neutronic parameters. A comprehensive analysis of different fuel assemblies bearing gadolinia with different concentration and different number of gadolinia rods was carried out. The EPR fuel assemblies were chosen in this study. The fuel assemblies are of seven different types, each assembly has unique design characteristics in terms of enrichment, number of gadolinia rods and gadolinium concentration. The calculations were achieved using MCNP6 code and with ENDF/B-VII library. A fine mesh tally was superimposed on the geometry to illustrate flux distribution in the whole assembly and its change with burnup. The variation of reactivity and isotopic composition for each region of the assembly with burnup and its influence on flux distribution was studied. The results showed that the presence of gadolinium greatly affects the power distribution. It causes some skewness in axial power shape towards the top of the assembly, the assembly which has largest number of gadolinia rods and the lowest enrichment has the largest skewness of power distribution at BOC. At EOC the flux and axial power have a double hump shape due to the buildup of gadolinium isotopes and the large decrease in reactivity with burnup.
The question of the use of trainer of MOTO - med is examined in the article in complex physical therapy
Authors: Bandurina K. , Fedorchenko A.
Published: June 2020

As one of technologies of restoration treatment of children with a cerebral palsy, that is sent to normalization of muscular tonus, decline of spasticity of muscular groups and neuromuscular or musculoskeletal disorders, improvements of blood supply and exchange processes in cerebral fabric, improvement of motive possibilities and walking. MOTO- med motor mechanotherapy has been developed for people with physical disabilities and complements physical therapy, ergotherapy and sports therapy. Users can exercise while wheelchair or chair. In the supine position, patients can use MOTO-med from the bed or from the treatment couch. To ensure safety during classes, MOTOmed devices have special software installed: motion protection" function stops the rotation of the simulator pedals. It doesn’t matter how the overall muscular tension changes, the level  of "movement protection" does not always remain constant, but adapts to changes and therefore always remains optimally sensitive. This function is used on all MOTOmed models using sensitive sensors. "Spasm control" program with automatic change of direction of pedal rotation reduces muscle spasticity in accordance with the following therapeutic principle: flexor spasticity is reduced due to slow straightening, and extensor spasticity is due to limb flexion. During the operation of this program, the electric motor smoothly stops the rotation of the pedals. the muscles of the legs / arms relax, and after a short pause, a smooth change in the direction of rotation of the pedals occurs. This process is repeated until the cramping stops. Sessions of mechanotherapy on the trainer of  MOTO - med help children with physical limitations to realize their natural necessity to motion.
Dynamics of pedagogical skill development and interaction of factors of its formation
Authors: Demchenko I. , Maksymchuk B. , Protas O. , Kozii O. , Demchyshyna O. , Sahach O. , Pletenicka L. , Maksymchuk I.
Published: June 2020

Pedagogical skill is a component both of general professional training of a teacher of any profession and a high degree of his sectoral competence (pedagogical skills of a verbal teacher, a teacher of fine arts, a teacher of physical culture, etc.). Purpose of the article is to theoretical foundation of the dynamics of pedagogical skill development and interaction of factors of its formation. Methods of the research: theoretical - analysis and synthesis of literary sources, comparisons, systematization, generalization, abstraction, hypothetical-deductive, individualization, classification, analogy. A qualitative triad "activity - skill - art is in cultural studies, theory of creativity and including pedagogy". Extrapolating to the didactic plane of IHE, it is possible to formulate it in such way "ability - skills - study - the planned realization (activity) – plan-situational (improvisational-regulated) activity or skill". That is, the main difference between straight - a student and a student who owns pedagogical skills is that the first in his production practice approaches the solution of pedagogical situations more instructively, standardized, while the other - situational, intuitive and more creative. The general conclusion regarding the subsoil for the highest level of pedagogical skill is as follows: if a future teacher of physical culture perfectly assimilates, reproduces and uses in practice pedagogical, sports, achievements, but doesn’t include his personality in the cognitive and creative process, he discovers a high level of pedagogical activity, while the student, adding to the above his own view, experience, interpretation, creativity in solving pedagogical problems, which increases the efficiency of the pedagogical process, fully embodies pedagogical skill.
Features of the influence of playing activities on preschool children with a spectrum of autistic disorders in the process of adaptive physical education
Authors: Kuznetsova L. , Brychuk M. , Pogasiy L. , Zhizhkun K.
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the peculiarities of the mental development of children with autism spectrum disorders, their psychophysical abilities, the formation of cognitive functions, the means of communication, the development of the emotional-volitional sphere, behavior in society. Features  of correctional and pedagogical work with autistic children at the present stage are considered. A detailed definition of the definition of "autism", a modern classification of autism, the main features of autistic disorders in all its clinical variants are presented. Statistics on the incidence of autism in the world are provided. The characteristics and peculiarities of psychomotor development in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders and the logic of psychomotor development, the features of psychomotor development, the offered educational and correction tasks are presented. Importance and place of mobile games as the main means of adaptive physical education of preschool children with this nosology have been determined. Mobility games are distributed in the focus on the development of motor skills of preschool children with autism spectrum disorders. A modified classification of mobile games, entertainment, and entertainment that can be used in adaptive physical education and extracurricular forms of preschool-age  children with autism spectrum disorders is presented.
Criteria for determining the preparedness of boxers and fencers of various qualifications
Authors: Nykytenko A. , Busol V. , Nikitenko S. , Schubert V.S. , Busol V.
Published: June 2020

The study is devoted to determine the objective criteria characterizing the preparedness of boxers and fencers of various qualifications at the end of the preparatory period of the training macrocycle. It has been revealed that with the advanced training of combatants at the stages of long-term training, the number of correlations between time indicators of their specialized movements is growing.

Scientists believe that certain components of the generally recognized system of training athletes can be improved and modified by the influence of certain factors. Especially when considering the issues of individualizing the training of highly skilled athletes.

Sports form  is a  major  factor  in  achieving  high  athletic  performance. Formation,  preservation  and  temporary loss of sportswear occur within the training cycle. The sports form is a purely individual state of the athlete's body. Sports are divided by objective and subjective attributes of determining the winner of the competition.

The results of numerous measurements of the motor reaction time indicators, the time of boxers punches or fencers touches from close and long combat distances show that reliable relationships between certain indicators of specialized actions can be considered as one of the objective criteria for the training of combatants. For the purpose of pedagogical control at various stages of long-term training of athletes, it is advisable to determine their level of preparedness on the basis of specialized actions time indicators (time of motor reaction, time of punch or touche from close and long combat distance), as well as the presence of statistically significant relationships between time indicators of motor reaction, attacks time from close combat distance (punch or touche without moving on legs) and long combat distance (punch or touche with move forward). The purpose of preparing athletes for competitions is to obtain optimal readiness to achieve high results based on the harmonious unity of all parties.
Historical backgrounds of the development of foreign language education in Ukraine in the context of preperation of future coaches
Authors: Onishchuk I. , Pryhodko V. , Soyina I. , Yermolayev V. , Petrusenko N. , Linchenko N. , Demchenko I. , Maksymchuk B.
Published: June 2020

Modern tendencies of European integration and progressive development of the world community, recognition of a foreign language as a guarantor of the formation of human culture, expansion of intercultural interaction in the educational sphere, strengthening of the worldview, intellectual and communicative functions of a foreign language, review and accentuation of the sub- objective tasks of foreign language education to master the culture of another country through the language of its native speakers – all these have identified the urgent need to overcome methodology, content and technological support of  foreign  language education, theoretical reasoning of basic concepts and categories in this area. The solution of this problem poses special demands  to the quality of pedagogical education, as it is the teacher of the humanitarian specialties who determines the effectiveness of the preparation of youth for intercultural communication in the educational field.

One of the possible ways of solving this problem is critical over thinking and creative usage of the historical experience of developing foreign language education of future teachers of humanitarian specialties at pedagogical universities of Ukraine since the mid-XX till the beginning of the XXI century. The peculiarities and significance of this period in Ukraine are determined by the important transformation processes in the professional preparation of future teachers of humanitarian specialties and pedagogical education in general, as the European integration processes in education have intensified the reformation of foreign language education, the development of conceptually new approaches to its practical implementation.

Historiographical analysis gives reasons to confirm that scientific and pedagogical sources have accumulated information on various aspects of the development of foreign language education for future teachers of humanitarian specialties at pedagogical universities of Ukraine in historical retrospective. However, the information which is provided in these studies does not systematically cover the dynamics, stages, and major trends of solving the problem of the development of foreign language education of future teachers of humanitarian specialties at pedagogical universities of Ukraine (mid-XX - early XXI century).
Formation of special skills and skills of future law enforcement officers at the stage of professional formation
Authors: Bondarenko V. , Danilchenko V. , Khudyakova N. , Chukreyev P.
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the work is theoretical substantiation and experimental verification of the effectiveness of the author's training methodology for future law enforcement officers, aimed at improving the level of special skills.

On the basis of the analysis of the peculiarities of the patrol police officers' activity, the current normative documents that regulate the specifics of professional training of future law enforcement officers, requirements for the professional preparedness of law enforcement officers are established. It is ascertained that the professional readiness of the patrol police officer is determined by the armed knowledge of the legislative base, the formation of special motor skills, the development of professionally important features, the availability of practical experience.

A thorough study of job situations shows a low, and sometimes insufficient, level of enforcement of police enforcement measures.

The effectiveness of the author's training methodology aimed at increasing the level of special police officers' skills development is substantiated and experimentally tested. The essence of innovations is the introduction of specially developed situational tasks, variational situational tasks and complex development of professionally important qualities in the educational process.

The study was attended by trainees of the police training course (n=61) of the National Academy of the Interior's Academy of Police Center for Primary Professional Training.

In the context of the professional activity of patrol police officers, identifying the level of special skills and skills required to identify three indicators: 1) «Formation of skills and skills in self-defense tactics»; 2) «Formation of skills in fire training»; 3) «Effectiveness of scenario solving».

The results of the pedagogical experiment proved the effectiveness of the author's teaching methodology. The use of the proposed innovations contributed to the development of indicators that characterized the special skills and skills of future law enforcement officers. At the end of the pedagogical experiment, a significant difference in the development of the indicators of «Formation of skills and skills in self-defense tactics» (p<0.05) and «Effectiveness of scenario solving» (p<0.001) and unreliable in the indicator of «Formation of skills in fire training» (p>0.05). Prospects for further research are to substantiate the technique of improving the special skills of patrol officers during training in the system of official training.
The general differences of reliable motor swimming skills in assessing the achievements of men and women in prestigious competitions
Authors: Ganchar A. , Chernyavsky O. , Ganchar I.
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study is to find out the indicators of swimming skills formation among young people of different ages and genders for results at different distances of sports and marathon swimming on the facts of receiving awards by domestic and foreign swimmers - prize-winners at the current stage of development of prestigious sports swimming competitions.

Results. The article discusses generalized facts of participation of domestic and foreign swimmers in modern prestigious competitions, starting with the championships of Ukraine, Belarus, Russia and past Spartakiads of the peoples of the USSR, as well as past and modern world events Universidad, European, World and Olympic Championships.

The criterion for the differences between swimmers are the indicators of changing the average speed of swimming in different ranges among men and women. Thus, the general difference between the formation of swimming skills among men and women according to the results of the pedagogical study according to past and modern data of average speed of swimming at all distances of the most prestigious competitions in past years and in modern conditions of sports and marathon swimming is over –0,18 m/s (male, x ± m = 1.75 ± 0,17; female, x ± m = 1,57 ± 0,12 t = 8,82, p < 0,05). Therefore, the objective criterion for the differentiation of swimmers of different sex is considered to be the dynamics of the average speed of swimming in different ranges between men and women. It carefully reflects the certain levels of swimming skills among the best domestic and foreign swimmers, which should be known to specialists at the current stage of development of sports and marathon swimming. Formation of motor skills of swimming of young people of all ages and sex is always under the common view of experts in physical education and sports.
Professional training for future specialist in Bachelor’s degree in Norway
Authors: Кopochynska Yu.V.
Published: June 2020

The article reveals the peculiarities of professional training of future specialists in bachelor degrees in Norway, presents information about higher education and duration of studies at the level of first bachelor, organizational and scientific activity of students, presents the difference between practical professional practice and theoretical training, theoretical, self-study search in the field of theory and practice in your chosen specialty. The curriculum provides students with the knowledge to master the general and professional competencies of a physical therapist through both theoretical and practical teaching methods.

The overall purpose of organizing the training of future physical therapy professionals in Norway is to create the highest possible correspondence between the practical methods used by the physical therapist in professional practice and to foster students' professional competence in the learning process.

In Norway, physical therapists are leading experts in health promotion and physical activity in the health field. Higher educational establishments of the department carry out the preparation of bachelors in physical therapy for three years through different educational courses and through the introduction of innovative methods and techniques of physical therapy. At the end of the program, graduates receive a diploma recognized by the leading health organizations in Norway and the world. Understanding the connection between practical professional practice and theoretical perspectives is basic. The educational program provides knowledge-based practice. The curriculum emphasizes the reciprocity and interaction between thought and action, assessment, and practical skills, since physical therapy is an activity of professional and ethical understanding, physical skills and the ability to evaluate should be integrated into specific situations of interaction with others.
The structure and content of the athlets` exercise at the stage of direct preparation for the main start
Authors: Terechenko V.
Published: June 2020

In the works on the organization and management of training athletes at the high-end competitive stage shows that in many ways the success of the athlete performances linked with the right science-based predictions can influence the organizational processes of formation of athletics team. The quality and accuracy of these decisions, the responsibility for their adoption is increasing even more at the stage of immediate preparation for the main start. There are reviewed and analyzed in the article the stages of sportsmen`s preparation before competition of dogfight, specific features of sportsmen`s preparation to competition.

The problem of bringing athletes to competition is one of the most important in sports training. It has great practical value.

The competitive period is characterized by the fact that the athlete must for a long time maintain a high level of special physical, technical training, which was provided for in the preparatory period. This can be achieved by using competitive and close to them special preparatory exercises. The racing period is characterized by the fact that the athlete must maintain for a long time a high level of special physical and technical training.

The work on organizing and managing the training of high-class athletes at the competitive stage shows that in many respects the success of the athlete's performance is related to the correct scientific-based forecasts that allow to influence the organizational processes of forming a national team.

In the works on the organization and management of training of a high-class athlete at the competitive stage was shown that in many respects the success of the athlete’s performance is connected with the correct scientifically-based forecasts that allow influencing the organizational processes of forming the national team. The quality and accuracy of these decisions, the responsibility for their decision even more increase at the stage of immediate preparation for the main start.