bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration and Reform of Helicopter Power Supply System Curriculum Based on Chinese OBE Teaching Mode
Authors: Fu Yabin , Wang Ling , Li Yiwen
Published: December 2023

The OBE concept is result oriented education, focusing on whether students have obtained phased research results and enhancing their sense of learning acquisition. Once proposed, it has been deeply recognized by engineering researchers and widely studied. This teaching model is consistent with the ancient teaching philosophy of "unity of knowledge and action, and application of learning" in China. Exploring the design practice of professional courses based on the Chinese style OBE teaching mode, and exploring the helicopter power supply system course from the teaching mode, practical links, and evaluation assessment, in order to improve students’ learning effectiveness and lay a solid foundation for future job qualifications.
College English Teachers’ Perspectives on Intercultural Communicative Competence Cultivation
Authors: Cong Li
Published: December 2023

College English is a required curriculum for all college students in China so that the ICC as one of the core contents and primary objectives has been a concern for EFL educators and researchers. There is a need to study the teachers of College English curricula since the lack of related researches fails to provide enough convincing findings to reveal the teachers’ understanding, attitudes and experiences in IC cultivation. The College English teachers’ perspectives on ICC can affect the effectiveness of ICC teachers so that the research focuses on probing the teachers’ attitudes, beliefs, experiences and challenges by interviewing twelve EGP teaching from the five colleges in northeastern China. The findings are that although the teachers hold positive attitudes to ICC teaching , their teaching beliefs and teaching practices are not always consistent due to the lack of the theoretical guideline, first hand intercultural experiences and supportive training. There are some suggestions on how to aid EGP teachers to improve their ICC teaching.
Visual Presentation of Court Culture: The Seduction and Disenchantment in TV Series “The Crown”
Authors: Huang Ziqiang
Published: December 2023

Historical TV dramas have changed the narrative mode of historical events and their backgrounds and visually reproduced history for the audience with exquisite scene construction and costume. Different from traditional historical themes, the royal family and the court culture behind it rely on their unique distance from the public’s vision as the basis for their existence. The mystery of power is still very important to the monarchy in modern society. However, the visual entertainment of popular culture is trying to disintegrate it. This article takes the TV series “The Crown” about the British royal family launched by the streaming media company Netflix in 2016 as an example, uses case analysis as a research method, studies some of the key contents of the five-season TV series currently launched, and discusses the seduction and disenchantment of court culture behind the image in the TV series. The research results show that in the process of visual presentation of the royal family, the role of the media will simultaneously show the seduction to the audience and the audience’s breaking of this seduction, and this contradictory relationship also affects the palace itself behind the historical drama.
Based on the Theory of Agenda Setting – Analyzing the Propaganda of Films during the Pandemic
Authors: Wang Jiarui
Published: December 2023

Now that China has entered the post-epidemic era, with the normalization of the epidemic, should the Chinese film industry continue to uphold the purpose of political propaganda? How can films better achieve political propaganda’s effect rather than numb the audience? This research hopes to answer these questions. This article analyzes the role of political propaganda in different types of films in China during the COVID-19 epidemic (2020-2022) and makes relevant recommendations. Based on communication psychology, agenda setting, and symbolic interaction theory, the effects of audiences watching movies are classified and analyzed, and it is concluded that the means of propaganda include direct or subtle propaganda. This paper finds that when a crisis event occurs, the film’s narrative logic should serve politics, to achieve the purpose of persuading the public and gaining recognition, to get rid of the crisis. Subtle propaganda methods are more used in movies other than the main theme movies during the epidemic to promote the recovery of the epidemic and strengthen the role of national cohesion. It indicates that after the normalization of the epidemic, the development of the Chinese film industry should further develop this kind of subtle propaganda.
Analyzing the New Path of Communicating Excellent Traditional Chinese Culture under the Application of Media Technology through "National Treasure"
Authors: Yang Bitong
Published: December 2023

In the era of rapid development of the Internet and media technology, how to make good use of media technology to innovate the communication of excellent traditional Chinese culture is one of the key research topics today. Some researchers have found that many cultural programs have adopted technological innovation in recent years. However, there is a research gap in focusing on technological empowerment, emotional resonance, and cultural communication in the context of "National Treasure", a typical cultural program. Therefore, the research theme of this paper is to analyze the new path of communicating excellent traditional Chinese culture under the application of media technology through "National Treasure". Using "National Treasure" as a case study to analyze the specific content of the program, explore the impact of high-tech on the communication of excellent traditional Chinese culture. Research has found that the "National Treasure" program achieves cultural technological empowerment and emotional resonance through media technology, promoting excellent traditional Chinese culture communication. In the mutual connection between people, media, and culture, media technology supports the diverse forms of cultural performance. Emotional resonance allows the audience to immerse themselves in cultural charm, and cultural communication enhances cultural confidence and influence. In addition, people should also pay attention to the innovative communication of excellent traditional Chinese culture, which requires the joint efforts of platforms, creators, and audiences.
Deciphering the Commercial Miracle: The Research on the Marketing and Distribution Process of Chinese Youth Films after 2010s
Authors: Pei Jinghan
Published: December 2023

Youth Films (qingchunpian), which are characterized by nostalgia and coming-to-age narratives, expanded its influence after 2010s in Chinese film market. The considerable profits of youth films derived from low budget and substantial box office returns. Compared to main melody films (zhuxuanlv) and traditional comedies which are supported by the government and own large amounts of budget, the commercial success of youth films is unique in Chinese film industry. Although there is existing research on the entire trend of Chinese film market and content analysis of youth films, the internal logic and marketization process remain opaque. Exploring the marketization process of youth films and the reasons of their success can help in understanding the new trend in Chinese film industry in which how films with low budget can live. Therefore, the research conducts an interview of industry insiders to visualize the backstory of distribution process. After demonstrating the interview and analyzing the existing statistical data, the research argues that three factors affecting success of youth films (and those new rising film genres in China) are: the time to release the film, the integration of marketing and distribution companies, and the use of IP (development of existing IP and marketizing IP through use of theme songs).
Evaluation of online courses from the perspectives of both learners and administrators
Authors: Liu Xinru , Chu Yongjie
Published: December 2023

The user reviews of online courses reflect the learners' evaluation of the courses, and the teaching rating standards reflect the administrators' evaluation of the courses. To evaluate courses more comprehensively, this paper proposes an online course evaluation method based on both learner and administrator perspectives. Firstly, based on the user-generated content of online courses, the affective dictionary and LDA topic model are used to determine the focus and weight of learners' attention to the courses. Secondly, according to the scoring criteria of several teaching competitions, the emphasis and weight of administrators' attention to curriculum evaluation are determined. Finally, the paper analyzes the similarities and differences of curriculum evaluation from dual perspectives and puts forward some suggestions for curriculum development and construction.
“Allergic to being a queen”: Exploring Platform Identity Politics in the Representation of Women in K-pop Music Videos
Authors: Han Yiting
Published: December 2023

The 2023-released music videos Allergy and Queencard by (G)I-DLE offer a cinematic reflection on the contemporary anxieties young women encounter due to beauty standards perpetuated by social media. While extensive research has primarily focused on the direct influence of social media on female identity, there has been scant exploration of these themes through the perspective of music videos. Employing the Multimodal Discourse Analysis (MDA) approach, this study examines the depiction of women in these videos, tracing their evolution from self-doubt to self-acceptance in the face of overwhelming digital influences. These narratives, enriched with symbolic imagery, accentuate the chasm between online facades and intrinsic self-worth, also spotlighting wider societal pressures. The portrayal and reception of these narratives suggest that music videos are emerging as powerful mediums for societal reflection and critique.
Problems and Strategies in Applying VR Technology to Ideological and Political Education
Authors: Liu Shaohua , Jiang Tiejun , Su Xiaoguang
Published: December 2023

VR technology has been increasingly applied in the field of education, and ideological education cannot lag behind. Using VR technology to carry out ideological education can enhance students' learning interest and effectiveness, enhance the effectiveness and scientificity of ideological education, and is also the development trend in the future. However, there are still a series of problems such as insufficient ideological understanding, imperfect technology, prominent conflicts between cost and benefit, and lack of teaching resources. The response strategy is to improve educational concepts, strengthen personnel training, enrich teaching content, strengthen infrastructure construction, establish evaluation mechanisms, and continuously promote the application of VR technology in ideological education.
A double logic analysis of rural security
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Lv Zhe , Yuan Chao , Hu Gaoming
Published: December 2023

Since the launch of the rural revitalization strategy, the heat of rural revitalization has intensified. However, the study of rural agricultural modernization or urban-rural integration development is not without the premise of rural security. Therefore, there are obstacles, this paper takes the lead in analyzing the internal and external logic of rural security, and provides a reference for realizing rural security, health and sustainable development.
A Comparative Study on the Employment Ability of First Generation and Non First Generation College Students
Authors: Li Jingya
Published: December 2023

This study aims to delve into the employability of first generation and non first generation college students, provide a detailed description of background characteristics, and analyze differences in academic performance, practical experience, job preparation, and employment status. Significant differences were found in family background, resource support, and experience accumulation between these two groups, which have a profound impact on their employability. Measures were proposed to improve the employability of college students. Understanding the differences in employability and taking measures to support career development are crucial for establishing an inclusive and diverse workplace, aimed at promoting sustainable social and economic development.
Adaptability Study of Higher Vocational Education Enabling the Transformation and Upgrading of Manufacturing Industry --Equipment Manufacturing Industry in Guangdong Province as an Example
Authors: Xu Yingzi
Published: December 2023

Guangdong is the first economic province in China, and by the end of 2022, the GDP of Guangdong Province has ranked first in the country for 34 consecutive years. Since the "14th Five-Year Plan", Guangdong Province has vigorously developed the manufacturing industry, insisted on the manufacturing industry as the leader, focused on the development of advanced manufacturing industry and high-tech manufacturing industry, promoted the development of the industrial structure to a higher level, and initially formed a "one nucleus, one belt, one area" manufacturing industry synergistic development pattern, in the In terms of scale strength, innovation level and foreign trade cooperation, Guangdong manufacturing is in the national leading level. In the new stage of development, Guangdong manufacturing is in urgent need of transformation and upgrading to reshape its competitive advantages. Vocational education shoulders the important mission of serving regional economic development, and the development of vocational education can provide strong talent support for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. Through the integration of industry and education, it is conducive to promoting the technological research and development and product innovation of enterprises, and enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises in the international market, so as to empower the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry in Guangdong Province.
An Empirical Study of Employee Well-being Status and Improvement Strategies Based on Large Sample Survey
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Xu Shaokun , Chang Qiuju
Published: December 2023

With the rapid development of the social economy, the main contradiction in our society at the present stage has been transformed into the contradiction between the people's ever-growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development. The transformation of this principal contradiction has made the "well-being index" an important indicator to measure the development and progress of a country. In this study, 879 employees from 7 public institutions were selected as the research objects by means of questionnaire survey. The present situation of employees' well-being in three dimension of life well-being, workplace well-being and psychological well-being, and the well-being level of employees with different statistical variables were deeply understood. At the same time, through in-depth interviews, the paper further studies the specific influencing factors of employees' well-being of life, well-being of workplace and psychological wellbeing, and proposed improvement measures from the aspects of improving management consciousness, giving employees life care, improving employees' working environment, and improving democratic management level, so as to enlighten human resource management and improve employees' well-being level.
Exploration and Practice of BOPPPS Model in Enhancing Effective Teaching --Taking Business Communication as an Example
Authors: Yan Lin , Lu Zhang , Yu Yuan
Published: December 2023

Aiming to assess the potential of the BOPPPS Model in enhancing effective teaching, the paper initially provides a comprehensive overview of Effective Teaching and BOPPPS Model, discussing their theoretical underpinnings and practical implications. It then demonstrates its application in Business Communication course by analyzing the challenges of course teaching and detailing a sample lesson design. It is found that the BOPPPS Model can significantly enhance effective teaching by setting clear teaching objectives, providing pre and post assessments, promoting participatory learning and recapping with a short summary. This study underscores the potential of the BOPPPS model as a highly effective and flexible teaching tool in Business Communication course teaching, and hopefully it will provide a reference for the teaching of other subjects.
Study on the possibility of compensation for moral damages for breach of contract
Authors: Liua Shucheng , Yan Keyu
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to explore the possibility of establishing a system of moral damages for breach of contract through the study of tourism contracts, so as to protect the interests of contractual counterparties who suffer non-pecuniary losses as a result of non-serious damages. The current state of affairs is that, in general, for breach of contract, current scholarship and general doctrine is strongly opposed to the inclusion of moral damages in the system of damages for breach of contract, and instead insists on a dualistic system of remedies for breach of contract and tort. The shortcomings of this approach are that tort damages and breach of contract damages have different principles of proof and imputation, and the standard of damages cannot be claimed without reaching a certain standard, making it impossible for the interests of the right holder to be adequately remedied. This article will examine the case law and comparative approach to the possibility of moral damages for pure contractual breaches that have not yet resulted in serious damage, and thus to develop a vision for the establishment of such a system. The establishment of such a system will provide a higher degree of protection for the interests of the contractual counterparty and thus achieve a full remedy of rights.
Research on the practical dilemma and countermeasures of the construction of rural village civilization
Authors: Huang Rong
Published: December 2023

In order to analyze the factors affecting the construction of rural rural civilization, the study takes A rural area as an example, through the construction of the evaluation index system of the construction of rural civilization, based on the entropy value method, the analysis of various economic indicators, the analysis of the factors affecting the construction of rural rural civilization from the evaluation results, and the evaluation results found,Economy, culture, technology, social stability and family stability are the factors affecting the construction of rural village civilization. It is necessary to continuously improve the overall cultural level of rural residents, which can be changed fromStrengthen the grassroots party building, consolidate the economic foundation, innovation publicity means and other aspects.
Under the strategy of “Marine power”, a preliminary study on the investigation of the current situation of the application of Marine characteristics translation talents in Zhoushan Islands New Area
Authors: Chen Jiaying , Zhang Fusheng
Published: December 2023

Under the strategy of "Marine power", the translator of Marine characteristics is the main human resource to promote the opening process of Zhoushan Marine resources and promote the development of Marine economy. This study takes relevant foreign enterprises, universities and maritime governments as the objects to investigate the current situation of the training of Marine applied translation talents, in order to provide feasible suggestions for Zhoushan to train Marine applied translation talents and promote the construction of Marine power.
Brief Analysis of the Non-Ruling Parties’ Diplomatic Status and Their Solutions
Authors: Wan Jiayi
Published: December 2023

"Political parties" has become a well-versed term in the political field. Except for a few countries such as Vatican and Saudi Arabia, most countries in the world implement party politics, where state power is held by political parties, whose significance is highlighted in international and domestic societies as a result. The emergence of political parties is a natural result of social development and human activities, and their registration and cancellation are highly uncertain and difficult to count. According to data from the United Nations, there are more than 230 countries and regions in the world, but there are more than 10,000 existing political parties, and the number of governing parties in each country or region is very limited. In addition to political parties such as the Democratic and Republican Parties in the United States, the Labour and Conservative Parties in the United Kingdom, and the Communist Party of China, which hold power and have international implications, this indicates that there are still many non-ruling parties in the international community, whose diplomatic behavior will also affect the direction of the international situation and global development. So the development of diplomacy of these political parties should be sufficiently addressed.
Research on the Employment Competitiveness of Overseas Returnees and the Construction of an Evaluation System
Authors: Shen Yongying , Fan Wentao , Li Muyao , Lu Zhixun , Lu Qi
Published: December 2023

The study involved conducting both quantitative and qualitative analyses on the employment competitiveness of 186 overseas returnees and then developed an evaluation system for assessing their employment competitiveness. The study also compared the disparities between self-evaluation and social expectations among the returnees. Based on the findings, several countermeasures were proposed. At the individual level, emphasis should be placed on fostering professional and foreign language skills, early career planning, and establishing clear employment evaluation criteria. At the government and social levels, it is recommended to establish a database and strengthen the formulation and implementation of employment policies for these students.
Trilateral versus Bilateral Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion in Frozen Elephant Trunk: A Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Salem Razan , Van Linden Arnaud , Hlavicka Jan , Karimian-Tabrizi Afsaneh , Ischewski Ina , Walther Thomas , Holubec Tomas
Published: December 2023

Objective Spinal cord injury (SCI) with subsequent paraplegia and/or stroke after arch repair with frozen elephant trunk (FET) remain the most devastating complications. In this study, we aim to examine the impact of different cerebral perfusion strategies on the neurological outcome comparing bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (bACP) and trilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (tACP).

Methods Between 2009 and 2021, 88 patients underwent total arch replacement using a hybrid prosthesis in FET technique for acute (40.4%) and chronic (59.6%) aortic pathologies. After excluding 14 patients who underwent FET with unilateral ACP the remaining 74 patients were divided into two groups. Propensity score matching was performed based on pre- and perioperative patient characteristics resulting in 22 patients in each group. The primary endpoint was a combination of major cerebral event and SCI. Secondary end point was all-cause mortality.

Results Major cerebral events occurred in 9% of the patients in bACP versus 13.6% in tACP group (p = 0.63). No postoperative SCI was observed in patients with bACP and only one patient suffered SCI with tACP (p = 0.31). There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality between the two groups (22.7% in bACP vs. 13.6% in tACP; p = 0.43).

Conclusion In patients undergoing total aortic arch repair using FET technique, both perfusion strategies (bilateral and trilateral ACP) are safe and effective. The rates of neurological complications as well as mortalities are acceptably low in both groups. Further studies with larger patient cohorts are warranted.
The Comparison of Fracture Resistance between Low Translucent and Ultra-High Translucent Monolithic Zirconia Crown
Authors: Tanudjaja Pratama Kesuma , Bonifacius Setyawan , Rikmasari Rasmi
Published: December 2023

Objective From the beginning of its discovery, the monolithic zirconia crown was highlighted for its remarkable strength; therefore, only available in opaque color. During the past decade, the translucent monolithic zirconia crown was manufactured to meet the aesthetic and restoration demand but was thought to be the cause of decreasing its strength. This study aimed to compare the fracture resistance between two types of translucent monolithic zirconia crowns, that is, low translucent monolithic zirconia (LT) and ultra-high translucent monolithic zirconia (UHT).

Material and Methods The premolar crown model was prepared using a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system, producing 1 mm of thickness. Ten crown samples were divided into LT and UHT. Then, each sample was measured for its fracture resistance using Universal Testing Machine until a fracture occurred. The differences in fracture resistance were analyzed using an independent t-test with p < 0.05.

Result The LT showed a higher fracture resistance than UHT (p < 0.05).

Conclusion The LT monolithic zirconia crown has strength and can be used for posterior crown restoration.
Effectiveness of Video-Based Educational Intervention on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of COVID-19 Health Care Workers: Lesson for Future Pandemic Preparedness
Authors: Gupta Surbhi , Goswami Binita , Madhu S.V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction

As we have seen from the previous health emergencies, most recently the COVID-19 pandemic, public health education is often the first line of defense in any disease prevention. Through a short educational video intervention, this study aims to improve the awareness regarding COVID-19 infection control practices to be followed in a clinical laboratory.

Methods

An online pre- and posttest survey was conducted. After pretest, an educational video was shared among the study participants followed by post test survey. This questionnaire contains items on three domains: knowledge, safe laboratory practices, and attitude.

Results

Significant improvement occurred in all three domains in study participants post educational intervention.

Conclusion

Simple educational video intervention can substantially improve the readiness of frontline workers to deal with any kind of pandemic situation.
Medical Students' Performances Using Different Assessment Methods during the Final Examination in Internal Medicine at the University of Benghazi, Libya
Authors: Buzaid Najat , Lawgaly Sami A. , Alawgali Saleh M. , Albash Amina , Alfakhri Mousa
Published: December 2023

Background Distinctive evaluation tools assess diverse fields of learning that considerably impact the learning process.

Objective To compare and correlate the performances of undergraduate final year medical students in written, clinical, and viva examinations in the subject of internal medicine.

Methods This is a retrospective study. After authority approval, data was collected from final year examination results during 2019 to 2020. All the students of the medical school at University of Benghazi were included in this study. Their gender and their written, clinical, viva, and total scores were included. Data were coded and transferred from Excel to SPSS version 24 and expressed as frequencies and percentages. Chi-squared analysis was performed to test for differences in the proportions of categorical variables between two or more groups. Odd ratio (OR) is used to calculate the odds of passing the subject based on scores in different types of exams. Person's correlation (R) is used to evaluate the consistency of students' performances in different examinations. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered the cut-off value of significant.

Results The total number of students was 679, out of which 499 (73.5%) were females and 180 (26.5%) were males. The total number of students who passed the course was 422 (62%) with no significant differences between males and females. A statistically significant (p < 0.001) greater percentage of students achieved a passing score in clinical assessment (502 [73.9%]), followed by viva assessment (458.0 [67.5%]). The students performed the worse in written examination with only 291/679 (43%) students passing the examination, with no gender-based differences. There was a highly significant association between the total score of students who passed the subject and their scores in the written examination with an OR of 2.3 (p < 0.001). Viva examination and total score OR was 0.79 with no significant differences for males or females. On the contrary, there was a statistically significant negative association between clinical exams and total scores of students who passed the subject (OR = 0.58). There was a highly significant correlation (p < 0.001) between written examination and viva examination (R = 0.638), between written examination and clinical examination (R = 0.629), and between clinical and viva examinations (R = 0.763).

Conclusion Students demonstrated higher performance on clinical and viva exams compared with written exams. Additionally, there were no notable disparities in results between male and female students across any of the three exam types. The written exam served as the most reliable indicator of a student's success in the subject. Furthermore, the data revealed a positive correlation between scores on the different exam formats, indicating that students exhibited consistent performance across all modes of evaluation.
Ruptured Subcapsular Liver Hematoma: A Rare Complication of HELLP Syndrome
Authors: Alharam Abtisam , Abuzalout Tawfik , Elmehdawi Haitham
Published: December 2023

This case report highlights the rare and life-threatening complication of ruptured subscapular liver hematoma in the setting of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome, a complication associated with pre-eclampsia. A 30-year-old pregnant woman at 38 weeks of gestation presented with high blood pressure, exaggerated neurological reflexes, and high levels of albumin in her urine. Her condition deteriorated over time, and liver function tests revealed elevated readings. An emergency cesarean section was performed, during which a large liver tear with active bleeding and rupture of the liver capsule in the right lobe were discovered. An exploratory laparotomy revealed a massive hemoperitoneum with active bleeding, and hepatic packing was performed using three gauzes. Despite this, the patient's liver parameters continued to worsen, and she was transferred to the intensive care unit for further resuscitation. After 72 hours, she underwent a second operation to remove the gauze packing, and hemostasis was successfully achieved without any active bleeding. Early detection of ruptured subcapsular liver hematoma and a coordinated approach involving medical, obstetrical, radiology, and surgical teams can lead to successful treatment of this rare and dangerous complication.
Paradigm Shift from Linear Strip to Follicular Unit Excision in Hair Restoration Surgery
Authors: Anastassakis Konstantinos
Published: December 2023

Follicular unit excision (FUE) is a very effective and valuable modality for obtaining donor hair follicles using manual, motorized, or robotic devices to harvest individual donor follicular units in situ without a linear donor scar or visible scarring making it ideal for patients who wish to wear their hair short and hide signs of surgery. Over the past two decades, FUE has become increasingly popular, and the rising demand for FUE has driven the worldwide market size of hair restoration surgery (HRS) to an unprecedented height.

FUE has revolutionized the HRS industry and offers excellent cosmesis and high patient satisfaction. Unfortunately, a large part of the favorable appeal of FUE is due to false claims that it is “minimally invasive,” “scarless,” or “not even surgery.” Most patients opt-in for FUE due to these misconceptions, which are advertised by “black-market” clinics offering low-cost FUE surgery performed by amateur, nonprofessional technicians on unsuspected patients. The technique appears deceptively simple, and many neophyte surgeons falsely believe that the learning curve of FUE is short because the barrier of entry is low and no previous surgical skill is required. Nevertheless, injuries on grafts are extremely easy to occur since FUE is a blind technique and can be minimized only with excellent technique, which takes years to master.

FUE actually presents unique challenges for the surgeon and carries potential long-term permanent side effects if not performed properly. The surgeon must have a thorough understanding of the nuances of the FUE surgical technique to ensure consistent graft quality and favorable cosmesis of both donor and recipient areas. Efficient FUE requires dexterity, training, dedication, devotion, enthusiasm, cognitive clarity, scientific knowledge, experience, and an extended learning curve.

FUE is an invaluable addition to the armamentarium of a hair restoration surgeon but has to be judiciously performed.
Diverticulitis: A Review of Current and Emerging Practice-Changing Evidence
Authors: Wu Sonia , Al Khaldi Maher , Richard Carole S. , Dagbert François
Published: December 2023

Acute diverticulitis represents a common colorectal emergency seen in the Western world. Over time, management of this condition has evolved. This review aims to highlight recent evidence and update current recommendations. Notable evidence has emerged in certain aspects of diverticulitis. This includes disease pathogenesis, as emerging data suggest a potentially greater role for the microbiome and genetic predisposition than previously thought. Acute management has also seen major shifts, where traditional antibiotic treatment may no longer be necessary for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis. Following successful medical management of acute diverticulitis, indications for elective sigmoidectomy have decreased. The benefit of emergency surgery remains for peritonitis, sepsis, obstruction, and acute diverticulitis in certain immunocompromised patients. Routine colonoscopy, once recommended after all acute diverticulitis episodes, has been shown to be beneficial for cancer exclusion in a distinct patient population. Despite advances in research, certain entities remain poorly understood, such as smoldering diverticulitis and symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease. As research in the field expands, paradigm shifts will shape our understanding of diverticulitis, influencing how clinicians approach management and educate patients.
Stoma Complications
Authors: Dawes Aaron J. , Gahagan John V.
Published: December 2023

Stoma-related complications are among the most common sources of perioperative morbidity in colorectal surgery. Complications can occur intraoperatively, in the immediate postoperative period, or even months to years after stoma creation. Although some will require urgent surgical intervention, most are treated nonoperatively with a combination of education, appliance adjustment, and behavioral intervention. Optimal management of stoma complications nearly always requires a multidisciplinary team approach, including surgeons, enterostomal therapists, and other allied health professionals, depending on the specific situation. Patients with a functional stoma should be expected to be able to do anything that patients without a stoma can do with minimal exceptions. The treatment of stoma complications therefore centers on improving stoma function and maximizing quality of life. Although timely and comprehensive intervention will result in the resolution of most stoma complications, there is no substitute for preoperative planning and meticulous stoma creation.
Unraveling the dynamics and identifying the “superstars” of R&D alliances in IUR collaboration: a two-mode network analysis in China
Authors: Xing Zeyu , Wang Li , Fang Debin
Published: December 2023

The collaborations between industry, university, and research institutes have become more relevant with the trend of knowledge commercialization, while whether there exists a “superstar” in R&D alliance networks, who played a key role in the diffusion and transfer of technology and knowledge, remains unexplored. Based on R&D activities information of joint patents in China, this study applied two-mode network analysis to understand the R&D alliance network of the industry-university-research institute (IUR) collaboration. Three types of networks, collaboration networks, knowledge networks, and inter-organizational technology networks among IUR are developed, and their evolution process is analyzed at different levels, including overall structure, individual characteristics, and temporal evolution among IUR. The results show that no permanent superstar is being the dominant position. Distinct modes have been emerging in different periods: in the formation period, the mode is U-R, I-U, U, R, I; in the growth period, the mode is I-R, I-U, I-U-R; in the mature period, the mode is I-U-R. In addition, different technology classes were aggregated in different periods. This paper attempts to provide countermeasures and recommendations for enterprises, universities, and research institutions to enable the success of their collaborations.
Internet-based micro-identities as a driver of societal disintegration
Authors: Kossowska Małgorzata , Kłodkowski Piotr , Siewierska-Chmaj Anna , Guinote Ana , Kessels Ursula , Moyano Manuel , Strömbäck Jesper
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the role of digital media use in societal transformations, with a specific focus on the emergence of micro-identities. It also explores the extent to which such transformations entail increasing the risk of societal disintegration—defined as the erosion of established social structures, values, and norms. Our contention is that the distinctive attributes of digital media, coupled with the myriad expanding opportunities of use they afford, harbor the potential to fragment and polarize public discourse. Such tendencies jeopardize public trust in democratic institutions and undermine social cohesion. The intricate interplay between media usage and polarization synergistically contributes to the formation of micro-identities, characterized by their narrow and emergent nature. These micro-identities, in turn, manifest themselves through in-group self-determination often to the detriment of the broader social fabric. Thus, various micro-identities may actively contribute to the actual atrophy of the implicit rules and procedures hitherto deemed the norm within society. By addressing these multifaceted issues, typically confined within distinct disciplinary silos, this analysis adopts a multidisciplinary approach. Drawing from perspectives in political science, sociology, psychology, and media and communication, this paper offers in-depth analyses of the interactions between social processes and media usage. In doing so, it contributes substantively to the ongoing discourse surrounding the factors driving societal disintegration.
Urban open-air chemical sensing using a mobile quantum cascade laser dual-comb spectrometer
Authors: Westberg Jonas , Teng Chu C. , Chen Yifeng , Liu Jie , Patrick Link , Shen Linhan , Soskind Michael , Wysocki Gerard
Published: December 2023

Detection of airborne chemical releases in densely populated urban environments requires precise sensors with high temporal and spatial resolution capable of covering large areas. For this purpose, we present a mobile mid-infrared quantum cascade laser dual-comb spectrometer for identification and quantification of chemical plumes. Field tests with the remote sensor were conducted during daytime in the downtown Boston area over a five day period during which chemical releases were simulated by intermittently emitting non-toxic substances. Open-air sensing was performed with retroreflectors positioned at up to 230 m distance and with sensitivities in the ppm m range for one second of averaging time. The field campaign demonstrates a step toward a semiconductor dual-comb spectroscopic sensor in the mid-infrared fingerprint region, suitable for long-term deployments. These types of sensors will be valuable complements to existing optical sensors for urban hazardous gas leak monitoring, air quality assessments, and localization of clandestine chemical production.
Suspending droplets beyond the Rayleigh limit: The interplay of acoustic and gravity forces
Authors: Thirisangu Jeyapradhap , Hemachandran E , Subramani Karthick
Published: December 2023

In this work, we experimentally investigate the suspension behavior of droplets subjected to standing acoustic waves. We focus on the droplet sizes beyond the Rayleigh limit, i.e., when the droplet size is comparable to the wavelength of the acoustic wave. We show that an acoustic field can disrupt the uniform motion of aqueous droplets in oil and cause them to either suspend or settle, depending on the interplay between acoustic and gravity forces. Remarkably, in contrast to droplets within the Rayleigh limit, the critical acoustic power or minimum pressure amplitude required to suspend droplets beyond the Rayleigh limit is dependent on the droplet size. As the droplet size increases, the critical acoustic power increases significantly. Building upon this understanding, a novel sorting method is proposed based on critical acoustic power.
On the exploration of structured light transmission through a multimode fiber in a reference-less system
Authors: Tran Viet , Wang Tianhong , Nazirkar Nimish P. , Bassène Pascal , Fohtung Edwin , N’Gom Moussa
Published: December 2023

Recent advancements in optical wavefront shaping have brought multimode fibers (MMFs) into the spotlight as potential contenders for long-haul communication, positioning them as promising substitutes to single-mode fibers. MMFs offer greater data rates, countering the impending congestion of fiber-based networks. Additionally, their suitability for single fiber endoscope procedures presents them as compelling alternatives for minimally invasive endoscopy, providing information comparable to, if not surpassing, current cutting-edge technology. However, the complex modal behavior of light in MMFs hinders the implementation of these promising applications. Hence, precise modal excitation and control are crucial for improving the transmission of structured light in MMFs. This study introduces a groundbreaking approach that achieves the retrieval of the transmission matrix in a single step, thereby facilitating coherent light propagation through highly dispersive MMFs. By combining iterative phase retrieval algorithms with the measurement of phase shifts between experimentally established focal points, potential arbitrary interference control is enabled, leading to effective phase correction. The efficacy of our method is validated through the successful transmission of diverse structured light beams, including Laguerre–Gauss and Hermite–Gaussian types, as well as handwritten characters via MMF. The examination of structured light is simplified using an off-axis holographic technique that accurately captures both intensity and phase information. These results hold significant potential, paving the way for major advancements in long-distance communication and minimally invasive medical procedures, thereby transforming the telecommunications and healthcare sectors.
Enhanced second-harmonic generation in a photonic crystal waveguide-coupled nanocavity using a wavelength-selective reflector
Authors: Kim Heungjoon , Song Bong-Shik , Asano Takashi , Noda Susumu
Published: December 2023

Photonic crystal waveguide-coupled photonic nanocavities are promising to develop integrated nonlinear nanophotonic devices because of their strong nonlinear optical process in cavities with high quality (Q) factors and small modal volume, multiple-wavelength-channel operation, and efficient and highly dense integration with other optical components. However, the intrinsic features of the standing-wave mode in the photonic crystal resonant cavity cause some waveguided light to pass through the nanocavity without coupling, which remains a significant challenge in achieving high nonlinear optical efficiency in integrated nanophotonic devices. To feed back the uncoupled light into the nanocavity and enhance the nonlinear optical efficiency in a photonic crystal waveguide-coupled nanocavity, we designed and fabricated a wavelength-selective reflector based on a silicon carbide two-dimensional photonic crystal structure and experimentally demonstrated the significant enhancement of second harmonic generation (SHG) using the reflector. The findings suggest that the reflector increases the electric field intensity in the nanocavity and improves Q-matching between the nanocavity and the waveguide. These two effects of the reflector significantly enhance the SHG efficiency by 11.5 compared to that without a reflector. The experimental results agree well with the calculation results obtained using coupled-mode theory. Our study paves the way for developing efficient nonlinear optical devices for high-density integrated nanophotonics and quantum applications.
Complexes of photosensitive surfactant and fluorescent dye for light-induced manipulation of colloids
Authors: López de Guereñu Anna , Lomadze Nino , Santer Svetlana
Published: December 2023

Light-driven diffusioosmosis is a membrane-free method for manipulating colloidal ensembles at solid–liquid interfaces based on photo-sensitive molecules inducing fluid flows along solid surfaces. In this study, we present our findings on porous colloids settled at a solid wall in an aqueous solution comprising a photo-sensitive azobenzene-containing cationic surfactant and a cyanine-based dye, capable of ionically binding to each other. The surfactant acts as an activation agent for diffusioosmotic flow. When exposed to modulated light, it undergoes photo-isomerization from a hydrophobic trans-state to a more hydrophilic cis-state, creating a concentration gradient near the irradiated area of the wall. The resulting osmotic pressure gradient sets the flow in motion. Porous colloids actively participate in flow generation by readily incorporating the surfactant molecules in the trans-state and releasing them in the cis-state, creating a constant source of diffusioosmotic flow. Under UV illumination, an excess of cis-isomers near the porous colloids elicits long-range repulsive interactions, tenfold the diameter of a particle. The dye acts as a sensor for the surfactant filling or emptying the pores of the colloids. It forms a complex with the trans-isomer and diffuses into the pores, where photoisomerization to cis-state destroys the complex and causes both the dye and the surfactant to leave the pores, altering the luminescence brightness within the colloids. We demonstrated that the presence of the dye affects cis-trans isomer ratios of the surfactant at photo-stationary states, thereby influencing the process of diffusioosmosis. This process enables the manipulation of colloidal particles and remote control of the interaction potential between them, facilitating the formation of well-ordered surface aggregates.