bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Penstock Branching in Hydropower Project
Authors: Kandel Bipin , Luitel Mahesh Chandra
Published: January 2020

The penstock branching manifold is regarded as most critical part of the hydropower project. A computational research has been carried out to conclude the most efficient branching manifold with has more than or equal to three units of turbine. Starting from the base data from a project "Solukhola-Dudhkoshi Hydropower Project, 86 MW" for three units of turbines. More than 20 models were prepared to visualize flow pattern, to minimize the head loss and mas flow variation among 3 different units. The research has been finally concluded to go towards a single trifurcation instead of successive two bifurcation or individual branching form main branches.
Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Normal and Fibre Reinforced Concrete (Grade M15)
Authors: Bista Sagar , Airee Sagar , Dhital Shikshya , Poudel Srijan , Neupane Sujan
Published: January 2020

Concrete is weak in tension, hence some measures must be adopted to overcome this deficiency as well as to enhance physical and other mechanical properties but in more convenient and economical method. Through many research from the past, it has been observed that addition of different types of fibres has been more effective for this purpose. This report presents the work undertaken to study the effect of steel and hay fibre on normal cement concrete of M-15 Grade on the basis of its mechanical properties which include compressive and tensile strength test and slump test as well. Although hay fibres are abundantly available in Nepal, no research have been popularly conducted here regarding the use of hay fibres in concrete and the changes brought by it on concrete’s mechanical properties. Experiments were conducted on concrete cubes and cylinders of standard sizes with addition of various percentages of steel and hay fibres i.e. 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% by weight of cement and results were compared with those of normal cement concrete of M-15 Grade. For each percentage of steel and hay fibre added in concrete, six cubes and six cylinders were tested for their respective mechanical properties at curing periods of 14 and 28 days. The results obtained show us that the optimum content of fibre to be added to M-15 grade of concrete is 0.5% steel fibre for compression and 0.5% hay fibre content for tension by weight of cement. Also, addition of steel and hay fibres enhanced the binding properties, micro cracking control and imparted ductility.

In addition to this, two residential buildings were modeled in SAP software, one with normal concrete and other with concrete containing 0.5% steel fibre. Difference in reinforcement requirements in each building was computed from SAP analysis and it was found that 489.736 Kg of reinforcement could be substituted by 158.036 kg of steel fibres and decrease in materials cost of building with 0.5% steel fibre reinforced concrete was found to be Rs. 32,100.
Comparison between Rhabdomyolysis Induced and Septic Acute Kidney Injury in Central Nepal
Authors: Sedhain Arun , Bhattarai Gandhi Raj , Shrestha Bidhan , Khan Amir
Published: January 2020

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most serious complica­tions of rhabdomyolysis (RM). We studied the clinical manifestations and prognosis of rhabdomyolysis induced AKI and compared it with septic AKI among hospitalized patients.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted at Chitwan Medical College between January 2017 to June 2018 to compare AKI secondary to rhabdo­myolysis (RM-AKI) and sepsis (SA-AKI). AKI was diagnosed as per Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 guidelines. Rhabdomy­olysis was diagnosed if serum creatinine phosphokinase raised >5 times the upper limit of normal level and sepsis as an increase of two or more points in the Sequential Organ failure Assessment (SOFA) score with the evidence of infection.

Results: A total of 145 patients with AKI (21 with RM and 124 with sepsis) were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 43.7 years with majority (54%) being males. Wasp bite and bee sting combined together (47.6%) were the most common causes for RM-AKI whereas pneumonia accounted for 46.6% of the septic AKI. Serum creatinine (SCr) at admission and at discharge were 3.8 and 1.4 mg/dL respectively in RM-AKI group; and 2.4 and 1.6 mg/dL in septic AKI group. Duration of stays in the hospital (9.2 versus 6.4 days) and ICU (4.2 versus 3.7 days) were longer in RM than in septic AKI. In hospital mortality was 4.8% in RM and 8.9% in septic AKI.

Conclusions: This study has found that, despite a longer duration of hospi­tal stay, RM-AKI had a lower in-hospital mortality than septic AKI.
Reproductive Health Status of Married Women Participating In Cervical Cancer Screening In Kathmandu
Authors: Sherpa Ang Tshering , Singh Neeti , Bajracharya Manisha , Pradhan Amita , Pradhan Peru
Published: January 2020

Background: Reproductive health of women has been the central agenda of Cairo conference since its inception in 1999. As a signatory country for Cairo Conference, Nepal government is also committed for reproductive rights for Nepalese women. Despite this, reproductive health challenges do exist in Nepal. This prompted us to determine the reproductive health status of married women attending in cervical cancer screening in Kath­mandu.

Methods: Cross sectional study was designed to include retrospective data of married women, obtained during cervical cancer screening camp conducted by KIST Medical College at Laga Khala Clinic, Lagan, Kathmandu on 12-02- 2017. Among married women (131) attended cervical 100 wom­en’s records with complete set of data for reproductive health variables required for the study were included in this study. Statistical analysis was done descriptively.

Results: Participant’s age is between 21 years to 61 years, 83% are liter­ate and 46% are employed. Adolescence marriage and pregnancy were two main problems noted. Cervical examination in relation showed 3% (3) VIA positive, 33% (33) Cervicitis, 10% (10) cervical polyp, 7% (7) atrophic vaginitis, 4% (4) cervical erosion and 43% (43) healthy cervix. Regarding Knowledge about risk factor majority 92% (92) had either no knowledge or only some extent of knowledge.

Conclusions: Married women who lives in Kathmandu has significant re­productive health problem. Urban health program should address these issues.
Study On Clinical Profile of Patients Undergoing Abdominal Hysterectomy and Their Clinico-Pathological Correlation
Authors: Shrestha Sabita , Joshi Rakshya , Tamrakar Renuka , Sharma Basant
Published: January 2020

Background: Hysterectomy is an effective treatment for a wide range of gynaecological diseases, both benign and malignant. There must be a pe­riodic audit for the appropriate indication of the surgery and its complica­tion rate. Histopathological analysis is mandatory for definitive diagnosis and further management. This study aims to review the clinical profile, indications of hysterectomy and to assess the correlation between the clinical diagnosis and histopathological report.

Methods: A retrospective study of all the patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gyne­cology, Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal from January to December 2018. Demographic and clinical informations were retrieved from the medical record section. Datas were entered in the pre-designed proforma. Statistical analysis was done in terms of percentages, standard deviation, correlation and mean.

Results: During the study period, 111 patients underwent abdominal hys­terectomy. The mean age of the patients was 46 years. The mean dura­tion of hospital stay was 8.7 days. Abnormal menstrual flow and pain ab­domen were the commonest presenting symptoms. The most common preoperative diagnosis was fibroid followed by ovarian tumor. Leiomyoma was the commonest lesion on histopathological examination. The correla­tion between clinical diagnosis and histopathology was 96.07% for fibroid, 80.95% for ovarian tumor, 66.67% for adenomyosis and 38.46% for DUB.

Conclusions: Fibroid uterus and ovarian mass are the common indications for abdominal hysterectomy. Histopathology is mandatory for confirming the diagnosis, proper counseling and holistic management of the patient.
Comparison between Mobile Camera and DSLR Camera Photography for the Evaluation of Shade of Anterior Teeth - A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shrestha Prabhat , Poudel Sabina
Published: January 2020

Background: Color accuracy plays a major role in creating an esthetic prosthesis. Photos taken with DSLR cameras have been the most frequent means of recording and transferring the color of teeth. Mobile phone cameras are emerging as a popular alternative to DSLR cameras due to its convenience. Our aim was to compare the color difference (ΔE) between the pictures taken with DSLR cameras and mobile cameras with and with­out using flash.

Methods: Photos of right maxillary central incisors of patients (n=60) were taken with DSLR camera and mobile camera with and without using flash. The pictures were standardized with gray card and processed in Adobe Photoshop Lightroom CC software and the L*a*b* values of the pictures were compared to find the difference in color.

Results: The percentage of agreement (ΔE≤2.7) for the difference of color between DSLR camera and mobile phone cameras without using flash (ΔE1) was 3.3% and with using flash (ΔE2) was 1.7%. The coefficient of agreement (using Kappa coefficient) between (ΔE1) and (ΔE2) showed total disagreement (kappa value =-.02). The mean values of ΔE1 was (8.3±3.3) and ΔE2 was (7.23±2.4).

Conclusions: It was concluded that the color of mobile camera with or without using flash could not be considered as an acceptable method of recording color of teeth.
Correlation between 12-hour and 24-hour urine total protein in pregnant women with preeclampsia
Authors: Adhikari Shree Prasad , Pariyar Jewan
Published: January 2020

Background: Although 24-hour urine total protein (UTP) measurement is the gold standard method for detecting proteinuria in preeclamptic women, the procedure is lengthy and time consuming that might result in delay in diagnosis of the condition. This study aimed at deter­mining the correlation between these 2 parameters.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done on 50 pregnant women with preeclamp­sia admitted at Bharatpur Hospital from September 2018 - January 2019. Patient with pre­eclampsia and having albumin ≥1 on urine dipstick, the sample was collected in every 12 hours interval on two separate well labeled container with the assistance of nursing staff. Total urine protein at 12-hour and 24-hour were measured by spectrophotometric method. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Correlation between the 2 measurements was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. p<0.01 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results: The age of participants ranged between 20-38 years (Mean age: 26.6 years). The maximum occurrence of preeclampsia was observed in primigravid women and younger age group (between 20-25 years), 72% had mild preeclampsia and 28% developed severe preeclampsia. There was a significant correlation between 12-hour and 24-hour UTP (Spear­man’s r = 0.99, p<0.001).

Conclusions: There is a strong correlation between 12- and 24-hour urine total protein mea­surements in women with preeclampsia. 12-hour UTP can be used as an alternative for the assessment of proteinuria in these women, with benefits such as early diagnosis and better patient compliance.
Knowledge regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder of children among school teachers at Lalitpur
Authors: Bhattarai Lata , Sharma Mamata
Published: January 2020

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders affecting children. ADHD knowledge among teachers helps managing such children. This study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding ADHD of children among school teachers at Lalitpur, Nepal.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 124 primary school teachers in 19 government schools of Lalitpur Metropolitan City. A standard tool “Knowl­edge of Attention Deficit Disorders Scale (KADDS)” was used, which is valid and reliable tool designed by Sciutto and colleagues. Data were collected from 2017/06/20 to 2017/07/20. Data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi square test) for frequency distribution and association between levels of knowledge regarding ADHD with selected variables.

Results: Eighty-five (68.5%) female and 39 (31.5%) male teachers with the mean age 41.85 ± 8.80 years (range 18 to 58 years) were enrolled. Majority teachers were married (94.4%) and from urban area (75%) with bachelor’s degree (37.9%) as their educational qualification and 11 to 20 years of teaching experiences (42.74%). The significant influencing variables were educational qualification (p = 0.009), type of service (p = 0.018), teaching experiences (p = 0.002), in-service education on ADHD (p = 0.004) and experience with ADHD students (p = 0.001). The study showed that 94 (75.8%) teachers had poor knowledge.

Conclusions: It was concluded that three fourth of the teachers had poor knowledge about ADHD. Teachers knowledge will help to identify, refer and help in management of children with ADHD.
The burden of color vision defect in Nepal – an iceberg phenomenon
Authors: Khatri Anadi , K.C Bal Kumar , Gautam Sudhir , Kharel Muna
Published: January 2020

Background: Color vision tests are routinely performed and are mandatory in most part of the world. However, in Nepal and many other developing countries, color vision may often be overlooked. We evaluated a possible burden of color vision in a group of patients who were specifically evaluated for a color vision defects. This study evalutes the awareness of color vision defect among the patients evaluated and highlights the importance of the color vision evaluation.

Methods: A sequential group of 73 people from August to September 2017 specifically evalu­ated for color vision defect for recruitment of government employment were evaluated. Ishi­harapseudo-isochromatic plates and Farnsworth-Munsell Dichotomous D-15 test were used for screening. Mean and Standard deviation were used for descriptive analysis of the data.

Results: Fifty-seven were male and sixteen were female. The mean age was 23 years (SD ± 3.7). On evaluation of the color vision defect, 9 (12.3%) were found to have total color vision defect (achromatopsia), 3 (4%)-red-green defect and 1(1%) with blue red defect. None of the patients had undergone color vision test at eye hospital previously. There were 4 patients who were registered drivers who had color vision defect.

Conclusions: Color vision is an important part of the vision. It should not be ignored.All of the patients evaluated were found to be unware of their condition. Early detection of color vision defects in individuals, if possible, at school level can help them to determine their careers and future endeavors at early stage.
Use of C-reactive protein level in diagnosis of tubercular pleural effusion
Authors: Pant Subash , Shrestha Sanjeet Krishna , Sharma Lucky , Shrestha Bibechana
Published: January 2020

Background: C-reactive protein in both pleural fluid and serum has been found to be higher in tubercular pleural effusion than in other causes of pleural effusion.

Objectives: The main aim of this study was to find out the diagnostic value of C-reactive protein in patients withlymphocytic pleural effusion.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 90 patients with pleural effusion who underwent thoracocentesis at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. The complete biochemical tests of pleural fluid and serum were performed. The C-reactive protein concentrations of both pleural fluid and serum were then measured from samples from patients with lymphocytic exudative pleural effusion.

Results: Ninety patients with exudative lymphocytic pleural effusion were included. Male patients were 56 (62.2%) and female were 34 (37.8%) with the male to female ratio of 1.64. Mean age of the patients was 51±21.54 (Mean ± Standard Deviation). The pleural fluid C-reactive protein levels in tubercular pleural effusion were higher (48.87±24.19 mg/dl) compared to non-tubercular group (38.30±17 mg/dl; p<0.001). Similarly, the serum fluid C-reactive protein levels in tubercular pleural effusion were higher (29.60±13mg/dl) compared to non-tubercular group (18.14±9.2mg/dl; p< 0.001). The sensitivity of pleural fluid C-reactive protein level in diagnosing tubercular pleural effusion was 86%.

Conclusion: Simple and inexpensive test like C-reactive protein is useful in the diagnostic workup of lymphocytic pleural effusions. High C-reactive protein levels are very suggestive of tubercular pleural effusion.
Transthoracic echocardiography in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Shrestha Balaram , Gurung Dhiraj , Dhungel Sanjib
Published: January 2020

Background: Evaluation of cardiac diseases in chronic kidney disease has been rarely investigated in Nepal.

Objectives: Objective of this study is to evaluate cardiac lesions in admitted chronic kidney disease patients.

Methodology: It is a prospective observational study of echocardiography of chronic kidney disease patients from April, 2007 to April, 2013 in Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital.

Results: One hundred chronic kidney disease patients were evaluated. Male to Female ratio was 1.8:1 and age ± SD was 46.3 ± 17.2 years. Forty eight percent of the chronic kidney disease patients had left ventricular hypertrophy. Patients with chronic kidney disease with left ventricular hypertrophy group had interventricular septum of 1.5 ± 0.3 cm vs. 1.1 ± 0.1 cm (p<0.0001) and posterior wall of 1.1 ± 0.2cm vs. 1.0 ± 0.1cm (p< 0.01) in comparison to chronic kidney disease without left ventricular hypertrophy. Forty one percent had left ventricular systolic dysfunction with left ventricular ejection fraction of 39 ± 9.9 %. Pulmonary arterial hypertension was noticed in 39% patients. Valvular regurgitant lesions were quite common (24.1%) usually as multivalvular lesions (4.4 lesions per patient). Mitral regurgitation was the commonest regurgitant lesion (81%).

Conclusion: Echocardiographic cardiac evaluation is useful to diagnose concomitant cardiac lesions for standard care of chronic kidney disease patients.
Use of levetiracetam in pediatric refractory status epilepticus
Authors: Shakya Kashyap Narsingh , Bhatta Anwesh , Phuyal Samjhana , Yadav Arbind
Published: January 2020

Refractory status epilepticus, with persistence of seizures despite initial intravenous benzodiazepine and one secondline intravenous antiepileptic drug occurs in nine percent to 44% of the patients with status epilepticus. Aggressive treatment is needed to control such seizures with drug refractoriness. A case of a 2-year-old boy treated with intravenous levetiracetam with cessation of seizures, averting the need for general anesthesia is reported. Option of using levetiracetam in refractory status epilepticus is suggested.
Craved by heart, carved next to it: Ballistic report of a souvenir bullet casing
Authors: Acharya Jenash , Lama Geshu , Ranjitkar Malshree , Shakya Arbin
Published: January 2020

A bullet which has been lodged in the body encapsulated by dense fibrous tissue for a long time without causing ill effects is a souvenir bullet. The bullet cartridge is divided into 3 parts: bullet, cartridge case holding bullet with gun powder and detonator at the base. Medicolegal consultation was done with Forensic Medicine Department where cartridge case acted as projectile and accidentally got embedded into the chest of the victim. In an attempt of making an ornament from the casing of bullet which was separated from bullet mechanically and gunpowder was partially removed from the bullet case. When he heated the bullet case to melt and mould, the remaining gun powder ignited with release of large amount of gas which resulted in forceful propulsion and acted as the projectile. An oval penetrating keyhole appearance injury measuring 2 cm x 1.5 cm was present on left side of the chest of the victim. The projectile was found just above the 6th rib and was confined within inter-costal muscle. Although late complications may arise from the metallic toxicity from the bullet case showing manifestations like abdominal pain, anorexia, chronic renal failure, abdominal pain, osteomyelitis, and fistula formation in bones, the projectile was left within the body as a souvenir to be intervened in case complications arise during follow-ups, as manipulating it could cause unanticipated therapeutic complications.
Zwiastuni śmierci, żałobnicy i ostatni towarzysze podróży
Authors: Kielak Olga
Published: January 2020

The subject of the article is a scientific reflection on the behaviours of domestic animals in the face of human death. Using the rich folkloristic and ethnographic material, the author has distinguished three types of roles in which – in folk beliefs – animals are incarnated: (a) death harbingers, (b) mourners, feeling sad and regret after losing a loved one, (c) the last travelling companions. The analysis proved that the roles played by animals in the face of the death of a loved one implement the principle of „solidarity with life” – a key principle of traditional peasant culture, the basis of life and a keystone of existence in the group.
Zwierzęcy cmentarz z „Pana Tadeusza"
Authors: Filipowicz Anna
Published: January 2020

Artykuł jest próbą nieantropologicznej lektury mówiącego o zwierzęcym cmentarzu fragmentu Pana Tadeusza. Odczytywany w świetle wiedzy indygenicznej Mickiewiczowski matecznik okazuje się pod wieloma względami reliktem animistycznej wyobraźni, w której ludzie i nie-ludzie mają podobny ontologiczny status. Czerpiąc z zakorzenionej w bezpośrednim doświadczeniu ludowej wiedzy, poeta antycypuje również całkiem współczesne przyrodoznawcze rozpoznania – te o „duchowym życiu zwierząt” oraz ich zbieżnych z ludzkimi mortualnych zwyczajach.
„Zdychanie” czy „umieranie”? – estetyczny i etyczny wymiar śmierci we współczesnej twórczości dramaturgicznej
Authors: Błaszczak Monika
Published: January 2020

Niezwykle interesującym zagadnieniem na polu literatury okazują się estetyczne i etyczne wymiary śmierci zwierząt. Czy śmierć spokojna, we śnie, w przyjaznym otoczeniu, bez lejącej się krwi, przez to, że jest estetycznie „ładniejsza”, to jest też bardziej etyczna? Jak te dwie kategorie mają się do siebie w perspektywie śmierci zwierząt? Mówi się, że zwierzę „zdycha”, a człowiek „umiera”. Czy mamy poczucie wspólnoty losu ludzkiego i zwierzęcego w obliczu śmierci? Próby odpowiedzi na postawione pytania można znaleźć we współczesnych dramatach, wśród których jednym z najciekawszych z punktu widzenia poruszanego tutaj problemu jest Pawi tren Iwony Korszańskiej. W tekście autorki zwierzęta i ludzie ulegają zrównaniu we wspólnym losie, a ich śmierć nie ulega waloryzacji na zdychanie i umieranie, tylko jest równoważna i równoprawna. W przedstawionych w dramacie performansach społecznych nieodłączna para Eros i Thanatos naznacza życie człowieka i zwierzęcia w tym samym stopniu.
Śmierć zwierzęcia w powieści „Timbuktu" Paula Austera
Authors: Rydz Paulina
Published: January 2020

Tematem artykułu jest problematyka ludzkiej/nie-ludzkiej śmierci, zwierzęcej żałoby, mimetycznego pragnienia oraz popędu śmierci w powieści Paula Austera, Timbuktu.

Na szczególną uwagę zasługuje relacja między (człowiekiem) Willy’m G. Christmasem a Gnatem (psem), przedstawiona w kontekście koncepcji gatunków stowarzyszonych Donny Haraway. Losy Gnata po śmierci Willy’ego ukazują odmienne propozycje stosunków międzygatunkowych: od opieki nad psem bezpańskim po jego adopcję oraz wtłoczenie w schemat zwierzęcia edypalnego. Samobójcza śmierć głównego nie-ludzkiego bohatera może być odczytywana jako pragnienie ponownego spotkania z Willy’m w zaświatach (Timbuktu), wyraz tęsknoty za utraconym przyjacielem, akt-powtórzenie (ludzkiej) śmierci Willy’ego, ale też świadomy wybór psa.
Mia Couto’s Postcolonial Epistemology: Animality in "Confession of the Lioness" (A Confissão da leoa)
Authors: Van Haesendonck Kristian
Published: January 2020

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie relacji pomiędzy zwierzęcością i śmiercią we współczesnej literaturze postkolonialnej pochodzącej z luzofońskiej części Afryki (czyli dawnych kolonii portugalskich), ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem powieści Wyznanie lwicy (A confissão da leoa) autorstwa mozambickiego pisarza Mii Couto. Jego twórczość znana jest z zainteresowania animizmem i tym, co nadprzyrodzone, stąd często kategoryzuje się ją pod szyldem „magicznego realizmu”. Jednakże w Wyznaniu lwicy Mia Couto zajmuje się raczej złożonym związkiem pomiędzy ludzką i zwierzęcą śmiercią, co wedle autora artykułu należy odczytywać z zupełnie innej perspektywy: wielorakie transmutacje postaci w fabule powieści wskazują na postkolonialne pragnienie renegocjowania granic pomiędzy zwierzęcością a tym, co (trans)ludzkie.
Смерть животных в барочной эмблеме
Authors: Nenarokova Maria
Published: January 2020

Śmierć zwierząt w barokowym emblemacie

Barokowy emblemat w alegorycznej formie przekazuje czytelnikowi pewne myśli. Człowiek epoki baroku postrzegał świat jako książkę. Wszystkie elementy wszechświata służyły jako znaki, przez które przekazywane były pewne idee. Barokowy emblemat jako kombinacja takich znaków reprezentował alegoryczny wizerunek. Śmierć, w szczególności śmierć zwierząt, może być dla człowieka lekcją moralną, więc w zbiorach emblematów barokowych dość szeroko przedstawiono temat śmierci zwierząt. Emblematy często zawierają pewną naukę lub pokazują wady, ale mogą również wskazywać na model do naśladowania. Najczęściej w emblematach przedstawiających śmierć zwierząt pojawiają się jelenie, lwy, feniks.
Sen, śmierć i chart. Doświadczenie pasywności w obrazach Luciana Freuda
Authors: Schollenberger Justyna
Published: January 2020

Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie doświadczenia pasywności w wybranych dziełach Luciana Freuda. Malarz przedstawia na swych obrazach postacie nagich ludzi oraz psów rasy whippet pogrążonych we śnie lub bezruchu. Ludzka nagość wydaje się bezwstydna, nieomal zwierzęca – jednocześnie jaskrawo kontrastuje ze swobodnymi pozami chartów. Freud twierdził, że w swych dziełach chce uchwycić zwierzęcość człowieka, przedstawić jego cielesność, nagość. W jego dziełach daje się uchwycić interesujące zaburzenia tradycyjnych dychotomii człowiek-zwierzę, kultura-natura. Pies i człowiek tworzą osobliwą wspólnotę pasywności, opartą na wspólnym bezruchu, wycofaniu się ze świata.
Als InformationsspezialistIn in die Selbstständigkeit? Ein Bericht von der AIIP-Konferenz (Philadelphia, 11.–14. April 2019)
Authors: Bauer Birgit
Published: January 2020

Rund 100 selbständige Information Professionals und solche, die eine Selbstständigkeit planen, trafen sich im historischen Zentrum von Philadelphia zu drei Tagen Netzwerken und Lernen. Die Vorträge und interaktiven Workshops betrafen Themen wie Angebote schreiben und verhandeln, erfolgreiche Projektarbeit, die eigene Marke kommunizieren, wie am besten kooperieren – alle aus dem praktischen Erfahrungsschatz selbständiger Informationsexpertinnen und -experten –, sowie fachliche Top-Tipps-Lektionen.
Protestant Missionaries Perspectives on the Arab Orthodox and Orthodoxy at the Turn of the 20th Century
Authors: Rubeiz Imad
Published: January 2020

Some centuries after the onset of European missionaries to the East and their competition over winning converts, Protestants started their missionary work at the turn of the nineteenth century in an East which was then under the Ottoman Rule. From Aleppo to Palestine, they eventually promulgated across the entire Near and Middle East, with the purpose of instilling in the population there — both Muslim and Christian — what they believed to be the “true” Christian faith. In fact, their claim revolved around their firm conviction that both Catholics and Orthodox have gone astray in their basic elements of faith, which in turn have always dissuaded the Moslems to accept Christianity as the true religion. From primary protestant sources, this paper will focus on their perspective regarding the “degrading” Orthodox faith, and their “shallow” clerics and “obsolete” established traditions.
Priestly Ornaments and the Priesthood of the Mother of God
Authors: Youssef Nasr Rafca
Published: January 2020

There are many exegetical and liturgical sources comparing the Virgin to the officiating priest. During the mass, he raises the Eucharistic bread and wine whose purpose is to offer to the faithful the only Son of Mary. It is in this perspective that the Virgin displays, in certain number of examples, the attributes of the priest giving her a sacerdotal meaning. She presents herself as the eminent model of the priest. However, this idea can not be applied systematically to all Marian images. These must include specific indications going in this direction
THE MULTIVERSE CONTROVERSY
Authors: Gangui A.
Published: January 2020

This paper offers a synthesis of the positions in the literature regarding controversies about the multiverse. After re-viewing some simple elements of modern cosmology and its observational limitations, we will present the history ofthe ideas that led, first, to the proposal of the anthropic principle and, years later, to the possible existence of causallydisconnected domains, eventually endowed with their own laws and fundamental constants, not all compatible with theexistence of observers, which were globally baptized with the confusing name of parallel universes or multiverse.
CULTURE INFLUENCE TOWARDS INTENTION OF TAX NON-COMPLIANCE AMONG SME OWNERS
Authors: Md Radzi Nor Zuhairatun
Published: January 2020

The importance of SME as backbone of Malaysia in generating national income is undoubtedly. However, little has been focused on culture influence as one of the determinants of tax non-compliance. With the multicultural society which having different culture, belief and value, it is important to examine culture influence towards tax non-compliance. Therefore, this study attempts to examine the influence of culture towards intention of tax non-compliance using the framework of Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory as basis of the study. The survey has collected data of 248 usable SME owners from northern region of Peninsular Malaysia. Findings reveal that power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation are significantly related with intention of tax non-compliance. Suggestions for policy makers and future researchers are also highlighted.
FACTORS THAT DETERMINE DONORS INTENTION TO ENDOW CASH WAQF FOR MICROENTERPRISES IN MALAYSIA
Authors: RAZAK Dzuljastri Abdul , ZAKARİA Fodol Mohamed , BURHAN Ali Ahmad , JAMA Ahmed Abdilahi
Published: January 2020

In the modern era, the waqf concept has become more sophisticated and comprehensive and through it, many financial products and social programs have been developed, for instance, cash waqf and some security papers such as Shares-Waqf, Sukuk-Waqf, etc. Therefore, cash waqf can also be used in microenterprises to efficiently channel funds (interest free-funds) to microenterprises to alleviate poverty and decrease unemployment. Recently, several products for cash waqf in microenterprises have been established, but they could not reach their targets since they need a significant contribution from Muslims in the society. Thus, lacuna exists to assess the intention of donners towards cash waqf for microenterprises empirically. Therefore, this paper aims to determine the factors influencing the intention to endow cash waqf for microenterprises based on four variables namely, the concept of cash waqf, trust, religiosity motivation, and social culture.The survey method was carried out on 200 respondents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Factor analysis and multiple regression were used to estimate the relationship between variables. The results indicated that the concept of cash waqf, trust, and social culture have a significant relationship with the intention to endow CWME. Hence, practitioners can emphasize on the three factors in their marketing efforts to promote CWME. Academicians may also benefit by conducting more research in this area of knowledge.
İTTİFAKTAN BLOK SİYASETİNE 31 MART YEREL SEÇİMLERİ
Authors: DURAN Hazal , MİŞ Nebi
Published: January 2020

Türkiye’nin başkanlık sistemine geçişinin ardından yapılan ilk seçim olan 31 Mart yerel seçimleri, Türkiye yerel seçim tarihi açısından pek çok ilki barındırmıştır. 24 Haziran seçimlerinin aksine partilerin yasal bir çerçeve olmadan ittifak kurduğu seçimlerde iki ittifak blokunun adayları yarışmıştır. Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AK Parti) ve Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi (MHP) Cumhur İttifakı’nı, Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (CHP) ve İyi Parti ise Millet İttifakı’nı oluşturmuştur. Doğrudan Millet İttifakı’nın içerisinde yer almasa da Halkların Demokratik Partisi (HDP) 11 büyükşehir ve ilde Millet İttifakı lehine aday çıkarmayarak bu ittifaka destek vermiştir. Aynı ittifak blokunda yer alan partiler belirli seçim çevrelerinde ittifak ortaklarının lehine aday çıkarmamıştır. Dolayısıyla oy pusulalarında sadece aday çıkaran partilerin amblemi yer almıştır. Ayrıca aynı ittifaktan tek bir adayın yarıştığı seçim bölgelerinin önemli bir bölümünde belediye meclisi seçimlerinde de partiler ortak listeler oluşturarak seçimlere katılmıştır.Bu çalışma, 31 Mart yerel seçim sonuçlarını, hem yeni siyasal alanın özellikleri bakımından hem de ampirik açıdan karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde ele almaktadır. Çalışmada ilk olarak 24 Haziran seçimlerinin sonuçlarını da dikkate alarak, 31 Mart yerel seçim sonuçları üzerinden ittifak siyasetinin Türkiye’nin yeni siyasal alanını nasıl şekillendirdiğine odaklanılmıştır. Bu bölümde ayrıca seçim ittifaklarının ve buna bağlı olarak partiler arasında oy geçişkenliğini sağlayan stratejik ya da taktiksel oy verme davranışının siyasal alanın yeniden şekillenmesine ve 31 Mart seçimlerinin sonuçlarına ne ölçüde etki ettiği tartışılmıştır. Ardından Cumhur İttifakı ve Millet İttifakı üzerinden, blok siyaseti merkeze konularak, AK Parti, MHP, CHP, İyi Parti ve HDP açısından seçim sonuçları analiz edilmiştir. Sayısal veriler üzerinden karşılaştırmalı olarak yapılan bu analiz, yeni siyasal alanın oluşmasına etki eden dinamiklerin seçim sonuçları üzerindeki etkisinin daha net anlaşılmasını sağlamaktadır.
GELİŞMİŞ VE GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELERDE SAĞLIK HARCAMALARININ MAKRO BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: DİNAMİK PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: EĞRİ Taha
Published: January 2020

Sağlık harcamaları alanında literatürde yapılmış birçok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Çoğunlukla, sağlık harcamalarının iktisadi büyümeyle olan ilişkisi, araştırmacıların dikkatini çekmiştir. Ancak, harcama miktarının hangi faktörlerden etkilendiği sorusunun cevabı, en az harcama-büyüme ilişkisi kadar önemlidir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmanın amacı; sağlık harcamalarının makro belirleyicilerinin tanımlanması ve farklı gelir grubunda yer alan ülkeler için bu etkenlerin farklılıklarının tespit edilmesidir. Çalışmada, Dünya Bankası Kalkınma Göstergeleri veri tabanından elde edilen 2000-2015 dönemi için 139 ülkeye ait yıllık veriler kullanılmıştır. Genel panel veri setinin yanında sağlık harcamaları belirleyicilerinin ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeyine göre nasıl değiştiğinin de araştırılması amacıyla Dünya Bankası’nın 2019 yılına ait “gelir grubuna göre ülke sınıflandırmasından” yararlanılmış ve yüksek, üst orta, alt orta ve düşük gelir grubu olmak üzere dört farklı veri seti oluşturularak model yeniden test edilmiştir. Çalışmada, literatürde yer alan çalışmalar göz önünde bulundurularak; kişi başı gelirin, kamu harcamalarının, 65 yaş üstü ve 14 yaş altı nüfus oranlarının, yaşam beklentisinin, anne ölüm oranlarının ve kentsel nüfusun, sağlık harcamaları üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, ele alınan genel ülke seti için sağlık harcamalarıyla, kişi başı gelir, kamu harcamaları ve 65 yaş üstü nüfus oranı değişkenleri arasında pozitif, 14 yaş altı nüfus oranı ve anne ölüm oranları arasında ise negatif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Yaşam beklentisi ve kentleşmeyle ilgili tutarlı sonuçlar elde edilememiştir. Gelir grupları açısından sonuçlar incelendiğinde ise, sağlık harcamaları ve ele alınan değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin bu alt gruplara göre farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
ANALISIS POLA KONSUMSI SAYUR DAN BUAH DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK DI PAUD TERPADU NUSA INDAH KOTA PAREPARE
Authors: Fitriani Umar  , Muhammad Nurmaallah
Published: January 2020

Prevalensi kurang konsumsi sayur dan buah pada anak usia prasekolah cukup signifikan. Kurangnya konsumsi zat gizi pada anak berpengaruh terhadap tumbuh kembangnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola konsumsi sayur dan buah terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak di PAUD Terpadu Nusa Indah Kota Parepare. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study. Sampel adalah seluruh anak didik usia 3-6 tahun di PAUD Terpadu Nusa Indah Kota Parepare. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling sebanyak 50 orang. Hasil penelitian diperoleh berdasarkan frekuensi, 82% anak sering mengkonsumsi sayur dan buah namun berdasarkan jumlah asupan, 100 % anak memiliki jumlah asupan kurang . Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada pengaruh frekuensi konsumsi sayur dan buah dengan perkembangan motorik halus anak (p= 0,015). Disarankan perlunya perhatian dan peran orang tua dalam meningkatkan jumlah konsumsi sayur dan buah pada anak
ANALISIS HYGIENE SANITASI PEDAGANG ES KELAPA MUDA DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN KANDUNGAN BAKTERI E.COLI DI KECAMATAN BANJARBARU UTARA
Authors: Hilda Irianty  , Mahmudah  , Agustina Norsita
Published: January 2020

Makanan dan minuman sangat penting bagi manusia karena merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok untuk kelangsungan hidupnya dan di dalam makanan dan minuman tersebut terkandung senyawa. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui kandungan bakteri E.Coli pada minuman es kelapa muda di Kecamatan Banjarbaru Utara. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus pada pedagang es kelapa muda dengan cara pemeriksaan laboratorium terhadap es kelapa muda. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 25 pedagang es kelapa muda yang berada di Kecamatan Banjarbaru Utara.Hasil sebanyak 20 sampel es kelapa muda (80%) positif mengandung bakteri E.Coli; hanya 5 sampel (20%) yang negatif bakteri E.Coli.Temuan perilaku kurang higienis dari penjamah/pedagang es kelapa muda antara lain penggunaan air mentah untuk membuat es; tidak menggunakan celemek atau tutup kepala; tidak mencuci tangan terlebih dahulu sebelum pengolahan;serta peralatan yang kurang bersih.Kesimpulan: sebanyak 80% es kelapa muda di Kecamatan Banjarbaru Utara terkontaminasi bakteri E. Coli. Di sarankan untuk meningkatkan pengawasan dan bimbingan kepada para pedagang es kelapa muda agar menerapkan perilaku hygiene sanitasi dalam pengolahan dan penyajian es kelapa muda
HUBUNGAN USIA KEHAMILAN DAN KADAR HB TERHADAP TINGKAT BBL DI RSUD IBNU SINA KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Sri Eka Purwanengsi
Published: January 2020

Berat badan lahir merupakan indikator kesehatan bayi maka harus ditanggani dengan baik, terutama pada bayi yang lahir dengan berat rendah karena dapat berdampak pada kelangsungan hidup bayi. Kasus BBLR ini disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor diantaranya faktor ibu misalnya usia kehamilan dan kurangnya suplai gizi sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kadar HB ibu hamil. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui hubungan usia kehamilan dan kadar HB ibu terhadap tingkat berat badan lahir. Jenis penelitian adalah Non Reactive yang dilaksanakan di RSUD ibnu sina Kabupaten Gresik pada bulan Februari–Juli 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel 123 dari 928 persalinan dengan metode pengambilan sampel simple random sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square pada program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara usia kehamilan dan kadar HB terhadap tingkat berat badan lahir, dimana usia kehamilan diperoleh P-value 0.000 < α (0.05) dan kadar HB diperoleh P-value 0.000 < α (0.05). Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya pemberian informasi tentang faktor resiko penyebab BBLR khususnya usia kehamilan dan kadar HB.
PENGARUH MEDIA POSTER DAN LEAFLET TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP KONSUMSI MAKANAN JAJANAN ANAK SEKOLAH SMP 1 PATAMPANUA PINRANG
Authors: Rismayanti Latif Rismayanti Latif , Haniarti  , Herlina Muin
Published: January 2020

Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi anak adalah kebiasaan makan. Kebiasaan anak jajan dapat berdampak buruk sebab banyak makanan jajanan yang tidak aman dan tidak sehat. Beredarnya makanan jajanan yang tidak aman dan tidak sehat dapat berdampak pada anak-anak yang dapat menyebabkan terkena penyakit dan dapat menurunkan status gizi anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap pelajar di SMP sebelum dan sesudah pemajangan poster dan leaflet di Kecamatan Patampanua Kabupaten Pinrang. Tekhnik pengambilan sampel yaitu total total sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada responden sebelum dan sesudah pemberian poster dan leaflet . berdasarkan analisis dengan menggunakan paired sample T-test diperoleh dengan nilai = 0,000, ini berarti ada pergaruh tingkat pengetahuan pelajar antara sebelum dan sesudah pemajangan poster dan leaflet, ada pengaruh sikap pelajar antara sebelum dan sesudah pemajangan poster dan leaflet di SMP 1 Patampanua Kabupaten Pinrang
POLA KONSUMSI PANGAN BERBAHAN TEPUNG TERIGU TERHADAP KECUKUPAN ZAT BESI PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PAREPARE
Authors: Husain Retno Hardiyanti Putri , Haniarti  , Makhrajani Majid
Published: January 2020

Kondisi pola konsumsi pangan masyarakat yang bergeser cukup dinamis dipengaruhi oleh berbagai hal seperti kondisi sosial, budaya, ekonomi, preferensi, dan ketersediaan.Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, perubahan pola hidup masyarakat semakin modern karena pada awalnya masyarakat mengonsumsi makanan pokok tunggal (beras), telah bergeser mengonsumsi terigu beserta produk turunannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan  pola konsumsi pangan berbasis tepung terigu terhadap kecukupan zat besi pada mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare.             Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi yaitu mahasiswa yang aktif secara keseluruhan mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare sebanyak 438 orang. Sampelnya sebanyak 81 orang yang dihitung dengan  menggunakanrumus slovin. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan Purposive Sampling Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner, food frequency dan recall 2x24 jam.Untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah pola konsumsi pangan berbasis tepung terigu terhadap kecukupan zat besi pada mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare dilakukan analisis data deskriptif dengan menggunakan dengan formula untuk menghitung nilai rata-rata (mean) dari data yang sudah dikelompokkan.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah asupan dan tingkat kecukupan zat besi mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare, berada dibawah Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG) yang dianjurkan
PENGARUH EDUKASI TENTANG KEBIJAKAN KAWASAN TANPA ROKOK TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Yeni Riza  , Hilda Irianty  , Mahmudah
Published: January 2020

Provinsi Kalimantan selatan juga telah mengeluarkan Perda Provinsi No 4 Tahun  2012 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Kesehatan Tentang Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR), 11 dari 13 Kab/Kota yang ada di Provinsi Kalimantan selatan sudah mengeluarkan regulasi tentang kebijakan KTR, tidak terkecuali dengan kota Banjarmasin yang telah mengeluarkan Perda Kota Banjarmasin No 7 Tahun 2013 Tentang Kawasan Tanpa Rokok. Banjarmasin juga merupakan salah satu kota pendidikan yang ada di pulau Kalimantan, yang menjadi rujukan bagi remaja untuk menuntut ilmu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui Pengaruh Edukasi tentang Kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja di Kalimantan Selatan. Metode penelitian adalah kuantitatif menggunakan metode experimen dengan rancangan one group pretest dan post test design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh remaja yang menempuh pendidikan di PTS Kalsel.Sampel dalam penelitian mahasiswa semester VI yaitu 393 orang.Hasil dari penelitian ini menggunakan uji Wilcoxon variabel pengetahuan p=0,000 dan Sikap p=0,000 yang artinya ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan sikap remaja sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi tentang Kawasan Tanpa Rokok pada remaja di universitas-universitas swasta Kalimantan Selatan. Disarankan untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan mahasiswa khususnya di universitas-universitas di Kalimantan Selatan dengan peningkatan program penyuluhan dan sosialisasi berupa pemberian informasi serta edukasi tentang Kawasan Tanpa Rokok
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI EARLY MENARCHE PADA SISWI SEKOLAH DASAR KELURAHAN LAPADDE KOTA PAREPARE
Authors: Devi Partika Sari  , Nurhapsa  , Erna Magga
Published: January 2020

Remaja adalah masa peralihan diantara masa kanak-kanak dan dewasa. Dalam masa ini anak mengalami masa pertumbuhan dan masa perkembangan fisiknya maupun perkembangan psikisnya. Adapun faktor- faktor yang mengakibatkan terjadinya early menarche  yaitu lingkungan, status ekonomi dan status gizi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Accidental Sampling. Lokasi penelitian di lakukan di 6 sekolah yang terdapat di Kelurahan Lapadde. Adapun waktu penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei s/d Juli 2018. Populasinya adalah semua siswi kelas 5 dan  6 di masing-masing sekolah yang berada di Kelurahan Lapadde, pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara Purposive Sampling dengan jumlah sampel 61 siswi. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi Square, koefisien phi dengan α 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh lingkungan terhadap early menarche siswi Sekolah Dasar X2 hit. 35,397 karena sebagian besar diakibatkan pergaulan yang cukup bebas dimana siswi dipengaruhi oleh media massa,ada pengaruh status ekonomi terhadap early menarche siswi Sekolah Dasar dengan X2 hit. 22,263 Penghasilan atau status ekonomi orang tua mempengaruhi kecukupan orang tua dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga,dan ada pengaruh status gizi  terhadap early menarche siswi Sekolah Dasar dengan X2 hit. 8,780 bahwa keadaan status gizi yang normal dan keadaan status gizi yang tidak normal atau obesitas itu mempengaruhi terjadinya erlay menarche karena asupan gizi yang kurang menyebabkan gizi pada seseorang akan berdampak pada penurunan fungsi reproduksi
POLA KONSUMSI SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN PENYAKIT ASAM URAT PADA MASYARAKAT PESISIR TELUK PAREPARE
Authors: Mirwana Amiruddin  , Andi Nuddin  , Henni Kumaladewi Hengky
Published: January 2020

Asam urat merupakan metabolisme dalam tubuh/faktor endogen (genetik) dan berasal dari luar tubuh/ faktor eksogen (sumber makanan). Setiap orang memiliki asam urat di dalam tubuh, karena pada setiap metabolisme normal dihasilkan asam urat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah tingkat pengetahuan, jenis makanan, tingkat pendapatan, frekuensi makan berisiko terhadap kejadian penyakit asam urat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study. Sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, regresi berganda menggunakan uju statistik uji Chi-Square melalui SPSS Versi 24. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan (p= 0,001), jenis makanan (p= 0,001 merupakan faktor risiko kejadian penyakit asam urat. Rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan, jenis makanan tinggi purin merupakan faktor risiko terhadap kejadian penyakit asam urat pada masyarakat pesisir Sebaiknya masyarakat pesisir memilih jenis makanan dengan kandungan rendah purin agar tidak meningkatkan kadar asam urat yang dapat menjadi risiko kejadian penyakit asam urat.