bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les relations intergouvernementales dans la nouvelle Afrique du Sud
Authors: Tapscott Chris
Published: January 2024

Intergovernmental Relations in the New South Africa.

The existing differences between the entities which constitute the South African union, together with the policy of apartheid, have widely influenced intergovernmental relations which have progressively gelled into a centralised operation functioning in an autocratie manner. The central character of the state has not been put into question with the end of apartheid, but it is possible to identify within the new structure a number of characteristics which are common among federal states. The new Constitution redefines intergovernmental relations but it does not impose a way forward. Legislation is, therefore, awaited. Nevertheless, one should not expect any spectacular improvements in efficiency as a result of the codification of intergovernmental relations. Political and administrative reality determines intergovernmental relations rather than vice versa.
Légitimité de référence et régulation financière de l’action publique conventionnelle : le cas du contrat de plan État-région
Authors: Leroy Marc
Published: January 2024

The Legitimacy of ‘Referential’ Regulation and Financial Regulation of Contractual Relations between Public Bodies : the Example of State-Region Development Contracts.

Research carried out into state-region development contracts permits an investigation into the regulation of negotiations of contractual relations between public bodies and into their institutionalisation. Study of negotiation techniques reveals two forms of regulation : regulation described as ‘referential’ which denotes an approach which is resolutely cognitive; and financial regulation which calls into play rules which are less visible but which are decisive in comprehending both the role of the state and the issue of negotiation itself.
La directive européenne relative à la protection des données : fondements, histoire, points forts
Authors: Brühann Ulf
Published: January 2024

The European Directive on Data Protection : Foundations, History, Strong Points

Following on from a variety of national and international (OECD and Council of Europe) initiatives and pushed on by the consequences of achieving the internal market, the European Community has adopted principles of data protection. While some fear a purely market approach to the question, the European directive is clearly inscribed within a framework of protecting human rights and freedoms. The objective of ensuring a high level of protection has survived the different compromises, which were necessarily agreed in drafting and adopting the text.
La mise en œuvre de la directive en Suède : une source de remous juridiques
Authors: Magnusson Sjöberg Cecilia
Published: January 2024

Putting the Directive into Operation in Sweden : Causing a Legal Stir

Data protection was ensured by an Act of 1973 which over the years has failed to adapt to the rapid development of new technologies. The necessary transposition of the European directive has reinforced the need for legislative reform. Adopted very quickly, the new law of 1998 on data protection has given rise to strong reactions. The debate has emphasised the tension between privacy protection and the freedom of the press. Besides, it was not possible to debate key questions such as the transmission of data to third countries during the legislative process.
Progrès technologique, protection de la vie privée et responsabilité politique
Authors: Burkert Herbert
Published: January 2024

Technological Progress, Protection of Private Life and Political Responsibility

The protection of private life in the face of new technologies is a necessity which is universally recognised today and which carries with it the seeds of its own decline. On the one hand, it does not seem to be able to keep pace with technological developments ; on the other, it cannot escape from the prevailing crisis which surrounds regulation in general. While private life continues to be subject to increased bureaucratisation, we are witnessing at the same time the emergence of new values which seem to contradict our attachment to the need to respect private life. Technological solutions (ciphering) or legal responses (such as accessibility of public data and freedom of information) are not sufficient to deal with these problems. The necessary re-evaluation of the distribution of power to control information is a matter of political responsibility.
Les relations avec les pouvoirs législatif, exécutif et judiciaire
Authors: Sousa Alfredo de
Published: January 2024

Relations with Legislative, Executive and Judicial Powers.

The rules, which apply to high level institutions carrying out control functions generally, have a constitutional foundation, which guarantees their independence with respect to the three state powers. Beyond the guarantees provided by these rules, the institutions generally enjoy autonomy in their financial and personnel management and a large degree of budgetary autonomy. Finally, the supreme audit institutions collaborate, to a greater or lesser extent depending on the country concerned, with the judiciary which ensures that the controls are effective, and also with the legislative power, which is the principal addressee of their work.
Vers une Europe des polices ?
Authors: Bigo Didier
Published: January 2024

Towards a European Policing Policy ?

It is without doubt that, dating back before economic co-operation, co-operation in police matters has a logic to it which is largely independent of the European institutional framework, even if the process of europeanisation has brought about a redefinition of its forms. Adding a preventative dimension to the traditional reactive aspect of police work, the concept of ‘internal security’ is developing without the community institutions having yet mastered this evolution.
La police de proximité : ce qu’elle n’est pas
Authors: Monjardet Dominique
Published: January 2024

Local Policing.

The idea of local policing may be defined equally well by what it is as opposed to what it is not. By sketching successive opposing strategies it is possible to identify the form of local policing, as it is, or as it ought to be, put into operation in France. Long since at the centre of debate and reform projects, local policing stands for neither community policing nor policing detached from central authority, nor, moreover, for policing for better-off neighbourhoods.
Heurs et malheurs de la police communautaire au Royaume-Uni
Authors: Journès Claude
Published: January 2024

The Fortunes and Misfortunes of Community Policing in the United Kingdom.

At a time when, in France, we are looking towards creating closer links between the police and the population, it is imperative to take a look at British community policing, which is often identified as a model. While a traditional institution, community policing in practice is capable of adaptation, whether it be in Northern Ireland because of the opposition between Catholics and Protestants, or in England and Wales due to the presence of poorly integrated ethnic minorities and social conflicts. Over and above the solutions adopted to respond to these problems, it is the capacity of the British police to recognise its faults and to reconstitute social links in a permanent way which must be folio wed as a model example.
Les banques centrales, la Banque des règlements internationaux et la stabilité financière
Authors: Icard André
Published: January 2024

Central Banks, the Bank for International Settlements and Financial Stability ; One of the rôles of central banks is to watch over financial stability. At the level of central banks there exists a sériés of bodies regulating financial stability, including the Bank for International Settlements, which groups together représentatives of the central banks of the G 10 countries plus those of the Swiss central bank. Three committees are charged respectively with watching over the stability of banking institutions, the development of international capital markets and the systematic risks associated with international financial transactions. Moreover, and following the Asian crisis, the Forum for financial stability has been created, which consists of bringing together the représentatives of the principal countries and bodies concemed by financial stability in a common body for the purposes of dialogue. Amongst these organs the BIS play s an important rôle.
L’évaluation, source de connaissances applicables aux réformes de la gestion publique
Authors: Thoenig Jean-Claude
Published: January 2024

Evaluation : a Source of Knowledge Applicable to the Reform of Public Management ; The process of evaluation is used relatively infrequently in the development of reforms concerning public services. But several successful examples show the importance of evaluation as a guide in the construction of public policies. In order to be effective evaluation must be pragmatic and must produce transferable information. But this task is combined with other sources of information on public decision-makers, and must therefore remain in a limited field of study in order to be really effective. The ‘privatisation’ of public services and the development and financing of programmes at European level ought to ensure that evaluation has an important part to play in the future.
L’administration mexicaine au seuil du nouveau millénaire
Authors: Pardo María del Carmen
Published: January 2024

The Mexican Administration at the Start of the New Millenium.

Mexico has entered into an era of important administrative reforms. The reforms that have been undertaken were preceded by attempts whose results were insignificant. These attempts were based upon schemes which were imported from elsewhere, constructed according to foreign models and were badly adapted to the particular features of the administration in Mexico. Future reforms of Mexican administration must take account of its particularities. No theoretical choice has been advanced for the reform of the administration in Mexico, but a comparison of its recent evolution with principles of ‘new public management’ provides a useful source of instruction. Whatever the virtues of new public management, the debate in Mexico must not be oriented around the pros and cons of a reduction in the role of the state, but rather should address the means by which the state’s efficiency can be improved.
La gouvernabilité : une aspiration ancienne, des approches nouvelles
Authors: García Cárdenas Luis
Published: January 2024

Governability : a Long-Held Aspiration and Some New Approaches.

In this day and age most political-administrative systems are undergoing a severe crisis in governability. Experimental reforms have had mixed results. The future is, therefore, very uncertain following many aborted attempts at reform such as, in Mexico, the desire to establish a career civil service. There are two series of reasons, political and administrative, which explain the crisis in governability. At the political level : an absence of legitimacy, a lack of credibility and an insufficient involvement of citizens within the system ; at the administrative level : a lack of efficacy, efficiency and effectiveness within the governmental apparatus. The preferred means for overcoming this serious crisis of governability should be the quest for a truly democratic form of government.
La justice : évolutions récentes
Authors: García ramírez Sergio
Published: January 2024

Recent Evolutions in the Administration of Justice.

Reform of the legal system is a fundamental aspect of state reform because it touches directly upon the fundamental rights of citizens. Due to the federal nature of the country, the justice system in Mexico operates on two levels, the federal level and the level of the federated states. Moreover, numerous courts exercise particular competences in certain areas such as judicial review of administrative action, agrarian law, juveniles and electoral law. In the past few years each of these areas has undergone reforms of differing degrees of importance. Finally, the most recent notable development of the justice system in Mexico has been the country’s acceptance of the jurisdiction of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.
L’administration de l’image de la Communauté européenne : le rôle de la Commission, vu de Paris
Authors: Carnelutti Blandine
Published: January 2024

Administering the image of the European Commission.

The article considers the administrative resources devoted to dealing with press and media relations and the difficult challenges resulting from the crisis which the Commission has experienced for the past two years : such information is mainly of a technical nature, and Community policies often concern only segments of public opinion, which, as an abstract entity, appears currently to be sceptical about EC developments. Observed from a Member State capital (Paris), the Commission’s policies perceptions vary considerably and often concentrate on secondary aspects and overlook main achievements.
Actualité et avenir du corps préfectoral
Authors: Bernard Paul
Published: January 2024

The Present and Future of the Prefectoral Body

The durability of the institution of the prefect in France may be explained by a constant, albeit evolving, need of public powers and citizens. The prefect, sent off on practical field missions at the discretion of the govemment, has the task of putting into operation policies of the highest priority. Social crisis has placed the prefect at the heart of policies on employment, inclusion and social housing ; disruptions to public order have underlined the prefect’s role as guarantor of public order and security ; threats to the natural environment have made the prefect its defender ; and corruption of public morals has underscored the priority to be given to judicial review of administrative action. Finally, the evolution of administrative territories has provoked the prefect’s adaptation to the new role played by the State.
De la nécessaire régulation économique des sports collectifs professionnels
Authors: Primault Didier
Published: January 2024

The Necessary Economic Regulation of Professional Collective Sports or Things Which Have Remained Hidden since the Foundation of the Sporting World and Economic Science.

Sporting competition cannot prosper in a liberal economic universe. In the United States of America a form of regulation has been put in place by different sporting organisations and concerns the allocation of financial resources to clubs (notably television rights) and the allocation of salaries (with the ‘draft’and ‘salary-cap’ systems). The objective is to maintain a degree of uncertainty which ensures public satisfaction together with the economic success of the sporting industry. As for France, the regulatory mechanisms which have been set up are no longer appropriate, given the strong movement in the last ten years towards deregulation — and more specifically deregulation linked to the European Community, illustrated by the Bosman case in 1995. It is necessary, therefore, to try out a new form of regulation.
Le sport professionnel «à la française», possible inspirateur d’un futur modèle européen ?
Authors: Musso Denis
Published: January 2024

Professional Sport ‘à la française’, a Possible Inspiration for a Future European Model ?

In France, the State has intervened in sporting matters since the 1940s, according to a technique of delegation of power to private organisations, i.e. sporting federations. France has not adopted legislation specifically relating to sporting professionals, notably in the context of their working relationships, in a situation, moreover, where European influences have had the effect of limiting the degree of autonomy for intervention by each member state, including in the area of sports. Where the State does intervene in France it does so in the name of public policy which includes economic factors (such as intervention in the structure of professional clubs and in relation to resources, notably television rights), individual factors (such as defending the individual) and social factors (such as the status of sporting agents and that of youngsters who practise sport).
Sport et ordre public : la prévention et la lutte contre la violence dans les manifestations sportives
Authors: Feral Marc
Published: January 2024

Sport and Public Policy : the Prevention of, and Fight Against, Violence at Sporting Events.

While the violence of football supporters — known as hooliganism — is its most widespread form, spectator violence also occurs at other kinds of sporting events. In particular, the development of other forms of violence during matches taking place in certain sensitive urban areas deserves to be highlighted. This kind of threat to public order and the security of people and property has led to reactions on the part of public authorities, as much at the national as the European level (Council of Europe and the European Union).
Témoignages d’anciens directeurs de l’IIAP
Authors: Roson Henri , Puissochet Jean-Pierre , Franc Michel , Maus Didier
Published: January 2024

Interviews with Former IIAP Directors

We asked former IIAP directors three questions : what problems did you encounter on arrivai and what policies did you implement ; what facts or events stand out in your mind during the time you directed the Institute, and in what ways did the Institute change under your direction ; how do you assess those changes and in what terms do you see French administrative coopération ? Henri Roson, Jean-Pierre Puissochet, Michel Franc and Didier Maus answered these questions.
Coopération administrative et Etat de droit
Authors: Gentot Michel
Published: January 2024

Administrative Cooperation and the Rule of Law

If one of the underlying aims of all administrative cooperation projects is the dissemination of the basic principles of a State subject to the rule of law, the first question is : how do we define this rule of law that we wish to set up ? There is a tendency, especially in the context of cooperation with Central and Eastern European countries hoping to integrate the European Union, to replace the formal concept, more easily put in place due to the lesser number of constraints, with a more substance-based definition. However, States are reluctant to accept the independence of the judiciary and the extension of its control over State power. The French experience may prove helpful in overcoming this difficulty.
La place de la réforme de l’Etat dans la coopération administrative internationale
Authors: Richard Jacky
Published: January 2024

The Role of State Reform in International Administrative Cooperation

In this paper, examples of administrative cooperation between France and several of its partners — members of the European Union, candidates for membership or simply non-members — provide some food for thought on international cooperation between administrations. First, it would be necessary to extend such cooperation to other assistance programs. Secondly, one would have to study the impact of these new forms of assistance on existing instruments of international administrative cooperation, and expertise on the subject would have to be adapted to this new context. Networking has become more necessary than ever.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL LITERACY, FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC OF AGE ON ENTREPRENEUR INVESTMENT DECISION MAKING
Authors: Santosa R.Ery Wibowo Agung , Khatik Nur , Muthaher Osmad
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of financial literacy level, financial technology and age socio-demographic factors on the investment decision behavior of entrepreneurs. The research respondents were entrepreneurs in Semarang with a sample of 50 people. The sampling technique used in this study is non-probability sampling with a convenience sampling approach. The data were analyzed using the Path Analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that the level of financial literacy and age have a positive effect on the investment decisions of individual entrepreneurs, while financial technology has no significant effect on their decision-making behavior. The practical implication that can be given from the findings of this research is that this study can be used as a basic model for providing information and outreach regarding financial literacy, financial technology and investment decisions by financial institutions and entrepreneurs. Based on the results of statistical data, the financial literacy variable has the greatest influence in determining individual investment decision behavior compared to age socio demographic factors. This explains that a person's knowledge of managing his personal finances is a major factor in determining an investment decision.
THE INVESTIGATION OF THE ROLE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND SELF-EFFICACY ON JOB PERFORMANCE EMPLOYEES: EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Adesti Shakti Putri Pratama Mulya , Herachwati Nuri , Nadia Fiona Niska Dinda , Muzakki Muzakki
Published: January 2024

Companies most likely give a great deal of attention to workers' performance, as they should be doing. Employees need to be taken into consideration since they are highly crucial to building productivity and profitability, which, in turn, may have repercussions for the success of a business. However, these results will only occur with excellent performance from employees. This research was conducted to know whether self-efficacy and transformational leadership partially or simultaneously affect job performance. Participants in this study were randomly selected from PT. Panca Mitra Multiprima. In this research project, a random sampling approach was used to collect data, and 128 samples were obtained. Meanwhile, we used a questionnaire that had previously been tested for validity and reliability for data collection purposes. In this study, multiple linear regression analysis was the method of choice for data mining. According to research findings, transformational leadership and self-efficacy have an excellent effect on work performance, but only transformational leadership is significant. Self-efficacy, on the other hand, is not significant. In addition, the two different aspects of work performance simultaneously have a good and substantial influence.
MULTILEVEL FACE RECOGNITION SYSTEM
Authors:   V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, vlopanas@ukr.net, Opanasenko V.M. , Fazilov Sh.Kh. ,   Digital Technologies and Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, sh.fazilov@gmail.com, Radjabov S.S. ,   Institute for Fundamental and Applied Research at the National Research University "Tashkent state technical University," Tashkent, Uzbekistan, s_radjabov@yahoo.com, Kakharov Sh.S. ,   Kokand University, Kokand, Uzbekistan, sh.kaxarov93@gmail.com
Published: January 2024

The problem of biometric person identification based on component-based face recognition is considered. It is shown that the face recognition system can be represented as a hierarchically organized multilevel system in which an ensemble of local classifiers forms “soft” decisions about the belonging of images of individual components of the face to given classes. Then, based on the integration of these decisions, the formation of the final decision on whether the recognized face belongs to one of the given classes is realized. The problems of constructing a model of a local classifier, as well as choosing an integrator of intermediate solutions of local classifiers, are formulated and solved. Keywords: pattern recognition, multilevel recognition system, classifier ensemble, classifier combination rule, decision making.
Presentación
Authors: Pacheco Huancas Iris Estela
Published: January 2024

Ponemos a disposición de la comunidad jurídica y del público en general el cuarto número de Justicia Ambiental. Revista del Poder Judicial del Perú Especializada en la Protección del Ambiente. El objetivo de este número es seguir con la línea de investigación y publicación de aquellos trabajos más relevantes que visibilizan algunas problemáticas actuales que están afectando el ecosistema amazónico en su dimensión ambiental, social y económica. Este cuarto número de la revista presenta artículos académicamente rigurosos, tanto de autores internacionales como nacionales, respecto al delito de tala ilegal, la movilidad medioambiental, la justicia ambiental, la protección de las personas defensoras ambientales y los mecanismos para la protección del derecho a un medio ambiente sano y equilibrado.
Valoración psicológica pericial del daño o afectación psicológica en mujeres víctimas de violencia: una caracterización de prácticas actuales en Ecuador
Authors: Francis Bone Mónica Alexandra , García Rodríguez Deysi Emilia
Published: January 2024

A partir de dificultades detectadas en las prácticas de profesionales ecuatorianos sobre la valoración psicológica pericial del daño psicológico o afectación psicológica en mujeres víctimas de violencia, se pretendió caracterizar, desde su perspectiva, la labor realizada hasta la actualidad, para poder delimitar indicadores que permitan perfeccionar sus prácticas futuras. Se aplica un cuestionario validado para estos fines, y divulgado en cadena, apoyados en Google Forms como herramienta afín a estas intenciones, a una muestra de treinta y un profesionales del sector público y privado. Se concluye que las actuales prácticas que realizan estos profesionales tienden al desconocimiento de sus sustentos legales y éticos, y no siguen un modelo teórico-metodológico como guía; se pondera el uso de pruebas psicológicas que limitan el abordaje de un fenómeno complejo como la violencia. No obstante, reconocen la necesidad de perfeccionar sus prácticas. A partir de estos hallazgos, limitados por el número de participantes, emerge la necesidad de fortalecer las prácticas del psicólogo forense, tanto en lo teórico-metodológico como en el factor ético, apuntando a indicadores que permiten pensar en herramientas para perfeccionar su trabajo pericial, como la creación de un manual de procedimientos.
El mal llamado anticausalismo tributario desde el causalismo realista
Authors: Nieto Guil Ignacio A.
Published: January 2024

La disputa histórica entre la doctrina causalista y anticausalista ha generado diversas controversias a lo largo de los años. En este sentido, una parte de la doctrina niega la importancia de la causa. Por otro lado, hay quienes defienden dicha postura como un elemento esencial. Y, finalmente, se hallan posiciones intermedias que la aceptan parcialmente. Por tal motivo, en el presente trabajo se intenta resolver el conflicto entre aquellos que pretenden vincular la causa como un principio rector dentro del derecho tributario y, por el contrario, autores que pretenden desvincular el fenómeno causal, pues esgrimen que se trataría de una posición extrajurídica. En efecto, la filosofía, como herramienta de todo conocimiento válido, sienta las bases del recto pensar para armonizar, dentro de cada ciencia particular, los principios que le ayudarán a dar solidez al conjunto de ideas. Justamente, el realismo jurídico es el vínculo perfecto entre el derecho y el mundo filosófico para adecuar el estudio del conjunto legal a la realidad, ya que de lo contrario se caería en una postura puramente sistémica y, por tanto, ajena a toda objetividad, siempre necesaria a la hora de validar conocimiento.
VERDADE E EVIDÊNCIA DA EXISTÊNCIA DE DEUS EM SÃO BOAVENTURA
Authors: Martines Paulo
Published: January 2024

O tema da existência de Deus é apresentado por São Boaventura a partir de três vias que conduzem o pensamento humano à certeza natural, enquanto adesão firme à verdade que a inteligência conhece, seja segundo as razões eternas, seja por meio de provas demonstrativas. Essas três vias consideram respectivamente, o autoconhecimento da alma; o reconhecimento do mundo exterior, na relação entre as criaturas e o criador; e o plano da evidência imediata e suficiente por si para engendrar a verdade indubitável. Será apresentado neste artigo o desenvolvimento argumentativo das provas da existência de Deus, segundo São Boaventura, no (1) Comentário às Sentenças (I, distinção VIII) e, (2) nas Questões disputadas sobre o mistério de Cristo (Q. I a.1), duas obras marcadas pela atividade docente do Doutor Seráfico na universidade medieval. Pretendo mostrar que essas provas, especialmente a terceira, são devedoras da ratio anselmi, já conhecida na escolástica medieval latina do século XIII.
El derecho de la mujer a la ciudad desde un enfoque de la seguridad ciudadana. Revision sistemática
Authors: Contreras-Cáceres Arlí Agustina , Paucar-Ccorahua Alvar
Published: January 2024

El estudio aborda, mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura, el derecho de la mujer a la ciudad desde un enfoque de la seguridad ciudadana. La metodología se orientó aplicando los principios de la declaración PRISMA, tomando como base artículos científicos publicados en revistas indizadas en Google Académico y Science Direct, Scielo y Redalyc entre los años 2017 y 2022. Se seleccionaron 24 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados determinaron que los países con mayor volumen de estudios realizados, referentes al derecho a la ciudad de la mujer y la seguridad ciudadana, fueron la India, seguida de Colombia, donde destacaron categorías de análisis, tales como: movilidad/exclusión de género, espacio público, planificación urbana y migraciones, miedo/inseguridad y lugares públicos. Como conclusión, en la planificación y construcción de las ciudades no se ha considerado el factor género, excluyendo a la mujer.
Educación inclusiva: visión de una realidad en estudiantes de lenguas indígenas: México y Ecuador
Authors: Gordillo-Fuentes Eduardo Jesús , Laínez-Vera Jimmy , Esteves-Fajardo Zila Isabel
Published: January 2024

En el contexto de México y Ecuador, en este estudio se analiza la visión de la realidad de la educación inclusiva en estudiantes de lenguas indígenas en estos países. Metodológicamente, el trabajo se sustentó en el enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo. Para ello, se emplearon encuestas y entrevistas, a fin de conocer las percepciones y experiencias de los estudiantes de distintas instituciones de la educación secundaria. Los resultados revelaron desafíos significativos como: la percepción de la discriminación lingüística, la relevancia cultural de los contenidos educativos y el apoyo institucional insuficiente en el acceso a la educación. A raíz de ello, se concluyó que existe la necesidad de un mayor apoyo institucional por medio de acciones estratégicas para el fomento de una educación inclusiva, capaz de alcanzar la calidad y la pertinencia de la educación en la formación de los estudiantes indígenas.
Criterios legales para imponer sanciones económicas en casos de delitos ambientales en el Perú
Authors: Castro-Cárdenas Rosa Luz , Rojas-Luján Victor William , Castro-Cárdenas Carlos Wilfredo , Recalde-Gracey Andrés Enrique
Published: January 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar jurídicamente los criterios legales para imponer sanciones económicas en casos de delitos ambientales en el Perú. La presente investigación utilizó el método desde la perspectiva cuantitativa la cual produce datos descriptivos, que se originan por la recolección de datos. Utilizando el apoyo documental-bibliográfico. Además, se aplicó el método inductivo-deductivo. Se planteó además el método analítico-sintético. La utilización de estos métodos hizo posible que se analizarán doctrina, cuerpos normativos, documentos jurídicos, bibliografía, lo cual contribuyo al desarrollo del tema. Se concluye que, los criterios legales utilizados por las autoridades judiciales en el Perú para imponer sanciones económicas en casos de delitos ambientales, existe una falta de uniformidad y consistencia en su aplicación. Esta falta de claridad puede llevar a decisiones disímiles y a la falta de equidad en la imposición de sanciones, comprometiendo así la efectividad de la justicia ambiental.
Relación de tutela de derechos del imputado con vulneración del derecho al debido proceso penal
Authors: Núñez-Diaz Lady Diana , Rojas-Luján Víctor William , Yache-Cuenca Eduardo Javier
Published: January 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar jurídicamente la relación de tutela de derechos del imputado con vulneración del derecho al debido proceso penal. El método empleado en la investigación, se basó en el enfoque cualitativo, el cual estudia la realidad en su ámbito natural, es decir, tal y como acontece pretendiendo realizar una interpretación de los fenómenos conforme a los significados que poseen para las personas involucradas. Además, se manejó la recolección y análisis de datos de una tipología documental-bibliográfica. Se generó un proceso analítico–reflexivo, contribuyendo a la generación de la extensión del estado del arte. La técnica de investigación aplicada fue la entrevista. Se concluye que, existe una relación entre las tutelas de derecho que se vienen planteando en los procesos penales en el distrito judicial de Amazonas durante el 2020 al 2023 y la aplicación del derecho y/o principio a un debido proceso penal del denunciado.
ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ОБ’ЄМНОЇ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ ШНЕКОВОГО ЕКСТРУДЕРА 3D-ПРИНТЕРА
Authors: ПОЛІЩУК А. О.
Published: January 2024

Залежність об’ємної продуктивності шнекового екструдера від розміру подрібнених часток у зоні завантаження можна визначити експериментальним шляхом. Метод експериментальних досліджень є найбільш точним для отримання реальних даних, оскільки враховує усі змінні властивості матеріалу та специфіку роботи екструзійного обладнання. В даній роботі проведено експериментальне дослідження об’ємної продуктивності шнекового екструдера 3D-принтера. Визначено, що ключовими факторами для регулювання об’ємної продуктивності є: частота обертання шнека та температура нагрівання екструдера. Для створення точної моделі було враховано властивості матеріалу, а саме розмір часток полімеру, що будуть подаватися в завантажувальну зону екструдера. В якості досліджуваного матеріалу було вибрано ABS пластик. Здійснено експериментальні дослідження, засновані на методології планування експерименту за допомогою некомпозиційних планів другого порядку. Визначено основні рівні та діапазони змін факторів. Для розробки плану експерименту та створення регресійного рівняння була застосована програма «Optimization Model&Planning Experiment». Отримано матрицю плану, розраховано коефіцієнти рівняння регресії та дисперсії коефіцієнтів рівняння регресії, перевірено значення дисперсії оптимізованого параметра. Описано поліноміальним рівнянням другого порядку в кодованому вигляді процес, що досліджується. Проведено розрахунок та порівняння коефіцієнтів рівняння регресії з довірчими інтервалами. Отримано рівняння регресії в розкодованому вигляді. Здійснено перевірку адекватності розробленого поліноміального рівняння другого порядку за допомогою F-критерію Фішера. Отримано рівняння регресії з натуральними величинами. Для наглядного представлення результатів трьохфакторного експерименту в аксонометрії були побудовані графічні залежності досліджуваних поверхонь відгуку. Неведені графіки залежності об’ємної продуктивності від досліджуваних параметрів. Проведений їх аналіз та зроблені відповідні висновки.
НАПРЯМКИ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ З АГРЕГАЦІЇ В ЕЛЕКТРОЕНЕРГЕТИЦІ НА ОСНОВІ РОЗВИТКУ РОЗПОДІЛЕНОЇ ГЕНЕРАЦІЇ
Authors: ТЕЛІЖЕНКО О. М. , ШАШКОВ С. В.
Published: January 2024

В статті розглянуто основні структурні та підструктурні елементи розумних електромереж та їх класифікацію. Визначено потребу реалізації комплексу законодавчих, організаційних, технічних, економічних та інших заходів з метою розвитку вітчизняного ринку електроенергії. Одним з перспективних напрямків впровадження розумних електромереж є розвиток розподіленої генерації. Опрацьовані визначення та трактування цього поняття. Визначено класифікацію об’єктів та ресурси розподіленої генерації. Розглянуто переваги її впровадження, якими насамперед є покращення якості електропостачання, зниження технологічних втрат електроенергії, підвищення енергоефективності, зростання рівня енергетичної безпеки, створення нових робочих місць. Водночас зауважено і на недоліки та перешкоди на шляху розвитку розподіленої генерації, якими можуть виступати їх висока початкова інвестиційна вартість та витрати на технічне обслуговування. Визначено комплекс заходів, необхідних для активного впровадження розподіленої генерації керуючись успішним досвідом європейських країн. Окрему увагу приділено агрегації як новому для нашої держави виду ліцензованої господарської діяльності на ринку електричної енергії, яка пов’язана з об’єднанням електроустановок, призначених для виробництва, зберігання та електричної енергії. Визначені основні терміни, цілі та функції діяльності, пов’язаної з агрегацією, а також можливості для нових учасників ринку шляхом координації об’єднання об’єктів розподіленої генерації джерелами енергії та управління їхньою участю на ринку електричної енергії. На основі аналізу нормативних документів ЄС, які регламентують діяльність учасників ринку електричної енергії, визначений комплекс базових завдань та вимог щодо впровадження та функціонування агрегації на ринку електричної енергії України на шляху до європейської інтеграції.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПОВЕДІНКИ СПОЖИВАЧІВ НА РИНКУ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ У ПІСЛЯВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД
Authors: ЗАГОРЯНСЬКА О. Л.
Published: January 2024

В статті розглянуто вплив негативних факторів зовнішнього середовища на розвиток туристичної галузі України, що призвели до значного скорочення туристичних потоків. Зменшення потоку туристів впливає на готельний бізнес, ресторани, транспортні компанії та інші галузі туристичної індустрії і тим самим скорочує доходи від туристичного сектора, що призведе до звуження можливостей для розвитку та модернізації туристичної інфраструктури. Зазначено, що за період 2021–2023 років різко скоротилися податкові надходження від підприємств туристичної галузі. Багато підприємств, взагалі, припинили свою діяльність. В структурі сплачених податків за видами економічної діяльності найбільший розмір податкових надходжень зафіксовано від готелів та інших засобів тимчасового розміщення туристів, що пов’язано із значними темпами міграції населення України під час воєнних дій. Вищезазначені тенденції свідчать про суттєві зміни у фіскальній активності у галузі туризму та можуть бути спричинені різноманітними негативними економічними, соціальними та політичними чинниками, що впливають на відповідний сегмент ринку. З метою розкриття особливостей поведінки споживачів у процесі прийняття рішення щодо придбання туристичного продукту, проведено емпіричне дослідження клієнтів провідних туроператорів України. Негативна дія факторів зовнішнього середовища вимагає від споживача туристичних послуг більше турбуватися про свою безпеку, що обмежує можливості туристів та призводить до зменшення кількості позитивних емоцій від обраного туристичного продукту. В роботі адаптовано п’ятирівневу модель поведінки споживача до особливостей ринку туристичних послуг та зазначено, що поведінка споживача на кожному етапі буде формувати напрями маркетингової стратегії туристичних підприємств. Наведена адаптована п’ятирівнева модель наочно демонструє для підприємств туристичної галузі перспективні напрями повоєнного відновлення сфери туризму в Україні.
EDUCACIÓN NUTRICIONAL Y REDES SOCIALES. CRITERIOS EN ADOLESCENTES DE NIVEL MEDIO SUPERIOR PARA LA SELECCIÓN DE INFORMACIÓN ALIMENTARIA
Authors: Dávila Piñón Dulce Olivia , Rodríguez González Josefina , Gutiérrez Hernández Rosalinda
Published: January 2024

Introducción: Este estudio nace por el interés de analizar si la educación nutricional que reciben las y los adolescentes en su formación dentro del nivel medio superior, les brinda los criterios para elegir información alimentaria a través de las redes sociales de fuentes fidedignas, es decir, de profesionistas relacionados a la Nutrición que basen su contenido y publicaciones de manera científica y objetiva. Las redes sociales cuentan con gran popularidad, y, algunas personas lo aprovechan para promocionar productos o divulgar información falsa, es por ello que se debe concientizar sobre el buen uso de estas plataformas digitales. Metodología: Se realizó un estudi de caso a 35 estudiantes de la preparatoria "Villanueva" ubicada en el municipio del mimo nombre, perteneciente al estado de Zacatecas, México, de la "Formación para el trabajo de higiene y salud comunitaria", la cual, contempla en su plan de estudios un módulo sobre educación nutricional. Se aplicaron dos encuestas semiestructuradas durante el ciclo escolar 2022-2023, de las cuales se recabaron datos relacionados al uso de las redes sociales, tiempo que dedican a navegar en ellas, cuales son las que mayormente utilizan, así como el tipo de información alimentaria que visualizan en estos medios digitales. Resultados: La edad aproximada de las y los encuestados osciló entre los 17 años de edad, de los cuales, 20 fueron mujeres, 9 hombres y 6 no especificaron su sexo, así mismo del total de la muestra el 5.1% presentaban obesidad, el 10.2% sobrepeso y el 64.1% tenían normo peso. El 100% de las y los encuestados afirmó tener al menos una cuenta activa en redes sociales, donde refirieron seguir perfiles que hablen sobre nutrición, considerando que la información es más atractiva a través de estos medios digitales. Discusión: Se demostró que las y los adolescentes encuestados no cuentan con los criterios correctos para discernir entre la información nutricional que visualizan en las redes sociales, ya que hubo mayores coincidencias en seguir las cuentas, por ejemplo: Leana Deeb, Carlos Belcast y Andoni, influencers que no cuentan con preparación académica relacionada a la nutrición. Conclusiones: Las y los adolescentes refirieron hacer uso frecuente de las redes sociales y las consideran como un elemento importante en su vida para la comunicación y obtención de información, sin embargo, se encontró confusión al momento de reconocer cuáles personas cuentan con preparación académica en temas de Nutrición.
ANALISIS PROFIL KONSUMEN MOBIL LISTRIK WULING AIR EV DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Manaf M. Rahman , Sisilia Kristina
Published: January 2024

Abstract. This study aims to describe the profile of consumers who buy and use an electric car with the Wuling Air brand in Bandung. The various advantages offered by electric cars compared to manual cars show that sales of this brand of electric cars are increasing every year, and purchasing behavior to use electric cars in selected consumer segments using the Empathy Map method through interviews to obtain information from the consumer's perspective. Descriptive analysis is used through the indicators in the Empathy Map method to explain that this segment is active, agile, and intelligent in planning the operational costs of traveling with their personal vehicles, travel time, and ease of use. Hopefully, this scientific article can become input for the following action for electric vehicle brand owners and governments who want to encourage more use of environmentally friendly electric cars.
Abstrak. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui gambaran profil konsumen yang memutuskan membeli dan menggunakan mobil listrik dengan merek Wuling Air yang ada di Kota Bandung. Berbagai keuntungan yang ditawarkan mobil listrik dibandingkan mobil manual memang menunjukkan penjualan mobil listrik merek ini meningkat setiap tahunnya. Perilaku pembelian hingga penggunaan mobil listrik di segmen konsumen yang dipilihkan menggunakan metode Peta Empati melalui wawancara untuk mendapatkan informasi melalui perspektif konsumen tersebut. Analisis deskriptif digunakan melalui indikator-indikator dalam metode Peta Empati menjelaskan bahwa segmen ini adalah mereka yang aktif, lincah, dan pintar dalam merencanakan biaya operasional perjalanan dengan kendaraan pribadi mereka, waktu tempuh, dan kemudahan selama penggunaan. Artikel ilmiah ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan untuk aksi berikutnya bagi para pemilik merek kendaraan listrik dan pemerintah yang ingin mendorong lebih banyak penggunaan mobil listrik yang ramah lingkungan.
EVALUASI STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN TERPADU BRAND KAHF
Authors: Fadjarina January Rizcky
Published: January 2024

Industri kosmetik umumnya berkaitan erat dan didominasi oleh kaum wanita, namun saat ini banyak kaum pria mulai sadar akan pentingnya memperhatikan penampilan dan kesehatan, terutama pada kulit. Hal ini menunjukan adanya pergeseran pandangan dan perilaku sehingga banyak pria yang menunjukan minat dan menganggap penting penggunaan berbagai produk perawatan kulit. Kahf dihadirkan melalui positioning sebagai brand personal care pria halal dan modern yang sesuai untuk kebutuhan pria. Menjadi Brand No. 1 Male Grooming Category dan menjadi brand No. 1 di Kategori Face Care untuk Men merupakan tujuan dari Kahf sehingga menentukan strategi komunikasi pemasaran terpadu yang dinilai relevan dan memberikan hasil yang maksimal merupakan hal penting. Dengan mengidentifikasi kelemahan dan kekuatan dari berbagai strategi komunikasi pemasaran terpadu yang sudah diimplementasikan dan sesuai untuk kebutuhan pelanggan, perusahaan selanjutnya dapat menentukan strategi komunikasi pemasaran terpadu yang dinilai relevan dan memberikan hasil yang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi strategi komunikasi pemasaran terpadu agar proses komunikasi menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien, meningkatkan ekuitas merek dan dapat memenangkan persaingan bisnis.
ANALISIS URGENSI SISTEM MANAJEMEN TALENTA GURU DI UPTD SD NEGERI 074056 DAHANA HUMENE KECAMATAN GUNUNGSITOLI IDANOI KOTA GUNUNGSITOLI
Authors: Gea Rika Permata , Ndraha Ayler Beniah , Hulu Fatolosa , Waruwu Sukaaro
Published: January 2024

In today's globalization, it is inevitable that school organizations need to prepare human resources (HR) in order to adapt and improve school performance to be able to compete on a global scale. One of the efforts is to improve teacher performance. So that talent management is a concept that starts from how to plan, get, develop and maintain a talent in an organization or company. Because talent management is very important, therefore talent management is also needed in the world of education, which focuses on the professionalism of a teacher. This research was conducted in a type of qualitative research with a descriptive approach because this type of research has the aim of describing and analyzing phenomena, events, or social activities that occur. The teacher talent management system at UPTD SD Negeri 074056 Dahana Humene has several shortcomings and challenges that need to be overcome. First, the honorary teacher selection process has not been effective and optimal, which affects school quality and standards. Secondly, the placement of honorary teachers often does not match their expertise or academic qualifications, which can impact on the quality of teaching and learning. Thirdly, the development and training provided by schools do not always match teachers' needs and expertise, especially in terms of using IT and making technology-based learning tools. For this reason, schools need to make some improvements. In the selection process, schools should implement effective procedures, develop clear and relevant selection criteria, and conduct regular evaluation and improvement. In terms of training and development, schools should better understand teachers' skills and knowledge needs, design appropriate training programs and ensure the training and development process is sustainable. In addition, schools should also ensure that the placement of honorary teachers is in line with their expertise and academic qualifications.