bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Velocity Tracking Control for Hydraulic Lifting System Based on Adaptive PSD Controller
Authors: Ma Chang Lin , Hao Lin , Li Feng
Published: September 2013

The single neutron adaptive PID controller is applied to the angular velocity tracking control of the hydraulic lifting system. The angle velocity tracking control strategy of the lifting process is proposed, and the lifting angle velocity is designed based on the sine acceleration function, and the lifting angle velocity dynamic programming based on the real-time angle is proposed. The single neutron adaptive PID control method is studied, and in order to improve its performance, a method utilizing genetic algorithm to optimize these parameters of single neuron PID controller is presented. The control algorithm is applied to the large mechanical lifting process successfully, and the simulation results show that the control performance of the Adaptive PSD Controller is more effective.
Nonlinear Attitude Control for Spacecraft
Authors: Wang Li Na , Wang Bing
Published: September 2013

In this paper the spacecraft attitude stability problem with external disturbance are considered. A nonlinear attitude controller introducing disturbance suppression for spacecraft is designed using internal model principle. The effectiveness and robustness are demonstrated through a series of numerical simulations.
Teleoperated Robotic Cleaning Systems for Use in a Hazardous Radioactive Environment
Authors: Kim Ki Ho , Lee Jongk Wang , Park Byung Suk , Cho Il Je
Published: September 2013

We describe the development of teleoperated robotic cleaning systems for use in a highly radioactive zone of a hot-cell. As the hot-cell is active, direct access to the in-cell by human workers is not possible because of the nature of the high radioactivity of spent nuclear fuel. The teleoperated robotic cleaning systems were designed and developed to clean up or decontaminate a contaminated floor of the in-cell in a remote manner, thereby completely eliminating human interaction with hazardous radioactive contaminants. These robotic cleaning systems are classified into two systems depending on the task environment they are applied to - ROCCS (RObotic Contamination Collection System)-I and-II. We present the environmental, functional, mechanical design considerations, controls and capabilities of the developed teleoperated robotic cleaning systems.
Operating Linux Softwares on Windows Platform
Authors: Wang Ya Jun
Published: September 2013

Operating Linux Application softwares on Windows platform, can not only promote the development of interoperability technology of these two operating systems, but also strengthen the status Windows has in the market. Because of the differences in the architectures of Linux and Windows, when running Linux application programs in Windows operating system, we need to resort to some certain kinds of technologies such as Services For Unix, Application Programming Interface emulation, virtual machine platform, source codes refactoring, etc. This paper aims at making deep analyses on the principles and features of these technologies.
A Quadratic Boundary Implementation for Solving 2D Problems of Elasticity by Topology Optimization
Authors: Teotônio Kaio L. , Anflor Carla T.M. , de Albuquerque Éder Lima
Published: September 2013

The main goal of this work relies on implementing discontinuous quadratic elements on a previous existent optimization code. The existent code refers to problems of topology optimization using a standard Boundary Element Method (BEM) formulation. A Topological Derivative (DT) is used for determining the domains sensitivity. The implicit cost function used for DTderivation is based on the total potential energy. A fixed amount of material with less efficiency is progressively removed during the optimization process. It is expected that the quadratic elements implementation increases the accuracy of the final solution, since the previous code were implemented by using linear elements. Despite of this code is still under development the final topology presents a good agreement when compared with those presented in the literature.
EMG Signal De-Noising Based on Wavelet Packet μ Rhythm Threshold Method
Authors: Chen Gui Liang , Wang Guang Xu , Liu Geng Qian
Published: September 2013

Surface Electromyographic (SEMG) signal is characterized by physiological noise contained,in order to eliminate inclusion noise. In wavelet packet analysis domain,after analysising the traditional soft-threshold and hard-threshold de-noising method of characteriscs,a new method which is μ rhythm threshold method is provided to improve threshold function. In Matlab7.0,the relevant procedures and simulation show that the method can not only solve the hard-threshold de-noising continuous problem,but also solve the detects before and after the threshold treatment of the soft-threshold wavelet coefficients constant deviation. Meanwhile,the application of the method in the wavelet analysis shows that wavelet packet μ rhythm threshold method de-noising significantly better than wavelet μ rhythm threshold method,and proves that the wavelet packet has remarkable capacity to de-noising.
Genesis Analysis of High Gamma Ray (GR) Sandstone Reservoir: Taking Toutunhe Formation of Junggar Basin, Northwest China, as an Example
Authors: Wang Liang , Mao Zhi Qiang , Sun Zhong Chun , Luo Xing Ping , Song Yong
Published: September 2013

On the basis of GR log analysis alone, the high GR sandstone reservoirs would probably have been regarded as mudstone and interpreted to be non-reservoir, which has greatly affected the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas reservoir to some extent. Therefore, the principles and standards to distinguish high GR sandstone reservoir from conventional sandstone reservoir, genesis of high GR sandstone reservoir have been systematically studied. Studies show that sandstone reservoir with apparent shale content calculated by GR log value greater than 50%, can be regarded as high GR sandstone reservoir. In the study area, the specific criterion of GR log value for high GR sandstone reservoir is 110API. The high GR characteristic of sandstone reservoir is mainly and directly caused by an abnormally high uranium enrichment, but not the tuff, feldspar or clay mineral. The study area has favorable conditions of abundant uranium source, favorable paleoclimate, and favorable lithology and lithofacies combination for uranium enrichment. In the process of oxygen bearing formation water migrating and leaching uranium bearing tuff, the U+4 can be oxidized to U+6, and uranium element transports in the form of UO2+2. In permeable sandstone reservoir saturated with uranium bearing formation water, the U+6 can be deoxidized into U+4 by oil and gas migrating through faults and stratigraphic unconformities, and accumulates in the form of UO2 in sandstones.
The Research on Mechanism of Contre-Coup Injury in Brain Decelerating Impact Based on Trolley Experiment
Authors: Liu Sheng Xiong , Yin Zhi Yong , Chen Zhong Min , Liu Sheng Ping , Zhao Hui , Cui Jian Guo , Chen Guo Ming , Wang Hong
Published: September 2013

Based on the platform of trolley equipment, this paper used a liquid containing gas as a sensor to establish a new testing method in order to simulate the mechanism of contre-coup injury during head decelerating impact. After pouring the liquid containing gas into the transparent skull model, the head model was sealed and fixed to the trolley. Then the trolley was trigged to impact the counterguard as the speed of 50km/h, the impacting course was recorded by a high-speed camera at the same time. Finally, the movement of the gas in the liquid during the impact was analyzed using the sequence pictures analyzing software as to ensure the area of negative pressure which appeared during the impact. The results showed that in the head decelerating impact the negative pressure can appear at the contre-coup site. This denoted that in the traffic accidents brain tissue of driver or passengers may suffer from tension injury at the contre-coup point. This paper provides a new equipment and method to research the biomechanical mechanism of contre-coup injury in traffic accidents which is helpful to understand the distribution of negative pressure in brain tissue during head decelerating impact.
Investigation on Wave Runup and Overtopping over a Seawall in a Numerical Flume
Authors: Lan Ya Mei , Guo Wen Hua
Published: September 2013

In the paper, wave runup and overtopping over a seawall were reproduced by using the numerieal wave flume and compared with the experimental data available. Good agreements were obtained. In order to study the scale effeets of physical model experiments of over topping, several numerical models of different values of geometry scale were designed which satisfy Froude similitude. Using the numerical models of different scales, the numerical experimental results show that, if based on Froude similitude, the differences of the computed values of overtopping flux and the predicted values from experimental data inereases as the geometry scale inereases and the wave breaking in the front of seawalls beeomes stronger. It is suggested that the scale effeet should be considered carefully when wave overtopping over a seawall is studied in a wave flume.
The Kinetics and Isotherms of Adsorption of Sb(III) from Aqueous Solutions onto the Porous Biomorph-Genetic Composite of Fe2O3/Fe3O4/C with Bamboo Template
Authors: Zhu Zong Qiang , Cao Shuang , Wei Wen Hui , Zhu Yi Nian
Published: September 2013

Static adsorption of Sb (III) on a porous biomorph-genetic composite of Fe2O3/Fe3O4/C (PBGC-Fe/C-B) was studied. The results showed that the kinetic curve of Sb (III) adsorption by PBGC-Fe/C-B had same change trend under initial concentration of 5, 10 and 50 mg/L. The fitting and regression analysis of four kinds of kinetic model indicated that, the adsorption kinetics of Sb (III) by the PBGC-Fe/C-B well follow the pseudo-second-order model (R2>0.9999). At different reaction temperature (25 °C, 35 °C and 45 °C), the adsorption capacity of Sb (III) by PBGC-Fe/C-B both increased with increasing the solution equilibrium concentration. While it showed a declined tendency with temperature increased. The Langmuir isotherm model (R2>0.98) and the Freundlich isotherm model (R2>0.95) had both better fitted with the equilibrium data.
Numerical Study on Pulsating Laminar Flow in Annular Space for Power-Law Fluid
Authors: Huang Shan Bo , Gong Liang , Li Zhao Min
Published: September 2013

A mathematical model of pulsating laminar flow inside an annular space for power-law fluid was established basing on the background of petroleum engineering. The characteristic of pulsating flow was obtained by employed SIMPLE algorithm. The investigation result shows that the velocity profile and axial pressure gradient are affected by the frequency, amplitude, liquidity index and annular distance of reciprocating motion and the affection is violent near the inner wall.
Transient Air-Soft EHL of Rough Surface with Impact Sudden Load
Authors: Wongseedakaew Khanittha
Published: September 2013

This paper presents the effects of transient rough surface air-soft elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of rollers for soft material. The time independent modified Reynolds equation, and elasticity equation were solved numerically using finite different method, Newton-Raphson method and multigrid multilevel method to obtain the film pressure profiles and film thickness in the contact region. The effects of overload, surface roughness and time period are examined. The simulation results show surface roughness has effect on film thickness. The impact of sudden load condition is that the air film pressure increases but film thickness decreases. The minimum film thickness decreases when the amplitude of surface roughness increases. Increasing of impact from sudden loads resulted in minimal film thickness decrease.
Study on the Machining Principle and Experiment of Grinding
Authors: Xiao Qiang
Published: September 2013

ELID for SiC which enables the improvement of surface quality is put forward. ELID grinding technology is new technology of ultra-precision grinding, and the oxide film is formed on grinding wheel by electrolytic in-process technology, thus the wheel is in-process dressed. SiC material removal mechanism and ELID grinding mechanism is analyzed, the character and condition of brittle to ductile transition of SiC and surface formation mechanism of ductile mode grinding of SiC are studied, the results show that ELID grinding can realize ductile grinding ,this will lower the surface damage and improve the machining efficiency.
Research on Force and Temperature in Milling Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy Based on Tool Geometry
Authors: Guo Yan Yan , Zhao Can , Xu Tao , Yang Jia
Published: September 2013

First, quadratic regression general rotary combination experimental design is adopted in this paper. The cutting force prediction model based on tool rake angle and helix angle is established using regression analysis. And the proper cutter for milling Ti6Al4V is selected, rake angle = 12.5 °, helix angle = 34.5 °.Secondly, milling temperature during different milling process is simulated by the use of finite element simulation software. And the variation rule of milling temperature along with the rake angle and helix angle is obtained which provided the basis for the selecting tool.
Study on Precision Grinding Technique for Large Size Optical Aspheric Lens
Authors: Ke Xiao Long , Liu Jian Chun , Huang Hai Bin
Published: September 2013

Large size optical aspheric lens is an important component in optical engineering. Aiming at the demand of precision processing for optical aspheric lens, this paper develops a precision grinding technique for large size optical aspheric lens. Based on precision surface grinding machine (MGK7160), grating-type parallel grinding method is put forward to realize grinding paths planning for optical aspheric lens. An on-machine measurement system is built to obtain surface measurement and evaluation after grinding. In order to ensure machining precision and efficiency, a diamond truer which self-developed is adopted to precision dress for arc diamond wheel. Finally, the experiment of precision grinding and error compensation validates machining accuracy for large size optical aspheric lens.
Optimization of Surface Roughness in Dry Turning of Brass
Authors: Lasunon On-Uma
Published: September 2013

This study aimed to investigate the effect of cutting speed, feed and depth of cut on the arithmetic mean surface roughness (Ra). The optimal cutting condition in dry turning brass with carbide cutting tool was also recommended. The experimentation was designed by using Taguchi Method (L9). Three investigated factors with 3-level each were cutting speed (42, 68 and 110 m/min), feed (0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 mm/rev), and depth of cut (0.15, 0.25 and 0.5 mm). The results indicated that speed and feed were significantly affected at average surface roughness. The optimal cutting conditions were cutting speed at 68 m/min, feed at 0.05 mm/rev and depth of cut at 0.15 mm.
Study of Semi-Bond Abrasive in Tiny Grinding Wheel Based on Magnetorheological Effect
Authors: Chai Jing Fu , Song Wen Qing , Zou Qiong
Published: September 2013

To achieve ultra-precision machining efficiently, the tiny grinding wheel based on MR effect is used as a grinding tool. In this paper, the state of abrasive in cutting process was analyzed through modeling, and the grinding experiment was performed on the optical glass (K9). Study results show that, with the increasing of grinding time, the surface roughness of workpiece is reduced and tends to be uniform, but the material removal rate is reduced. The abrasive of tiny grinding wheel based on MR effect can automatically adjust its grinding pressure and depth of cut to improve the surface quality.
Study of Electrode Surface Characteristics under Short Single Pulse in Micro Ed-Milling
Authors: Zhang Liao Yuan , Yu Di , Shao Zhong Qing , Wang Shuo , Lv Zhong Xiu
Published: September 2013

Laminated removal micro ED-Milling is a non-contact special processing technology, through electrode discharge removal in materials. Therefore, shape, size and overlapping degree of the discharge crater determine the surface roughness and surface morphology. Using the principle of electrode wears, through the experiment of Micro-EDM milling shallow groove under short single pulse, getting morphology of a single pulse discharge machining surface. And from the crater of morphological features analyses the different cause of formation, and contrasts in different electric parameters, the different of the electrode surface. For further analysis of the surface physical and mechanical performance changes to lay the foundation, and provides a way for the electrode material removal mechanism research and the calculation of the Single pulse discharge energy.
The Technique of Ion Beam Etching Polishing
Authors: Guo Cheng Jun , Pei Ning , Wang Da Sen , Nie Feng Ming , Zhang Guang Ping , Li Yu Peng
Published: September 2013

The accelerated gas ions collide with the surface material, the atom or molecule on material surface is removed by momentum transferring. Depositing a layer low viscosity of the thin film materials on the original surface of the optical, such materials will form a layer thin film on the surface of optical element that is lower than the original. Remove the high-spatial frequencies and obtain super precision optical surface.
Research on Model of Plastic Flow Heat Transfer during Linear Friction Welding for Low Melting Point Metal
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhang Tao , Wen Guo Dong , Ma Tie Jun
Published: September 2013

With the self-developed physical simulation equipment of linear friction welding, the plastic flow heat transfer simulation experiment of low melting point Lead metal was implemented. A physical model of plastic flow heat transfer of linear friction welding low melting point metal was established based on the process of the Lead metal plastic flow recorded by high speed digital camera and the Lead metal temperature variation recorded by infrared thermal imager. Introducing the plastic flow element into one-dimensional unsteady heat transfer differential equation, heat transfer mathematical model of plastic zone, perpendicular to the direction of vibration, was proposed. Using finite difference method to solve this mathematical model, calculated value of this model and measured temperature was compared. The results show that the two values correspond basically, which indicates that the proposed model could be used to characterize the process of heat transfer of plastic zone during linear friction welding low melting point metal.
Application of Six Sigma DMAIC Methodology in Welding Assembly Quality Improvement
Authors: Mu Guang Yu , Wang Feng , Mi Xiao Zhen
Published: September 2013

During the welding assembly process of automotive exhaust system, several welding defects will occur if the process parameters are incorrect, which affects the quality of products seriously. Six Sigma quality management is an advanced methodology for reducing the manufacturing costs, shortening the production cycle, and improving the product quality significantly. In this paper, the Six Sigma DMAIC method is applied to control the welding assembly process of automobile exhaust system. It is observed that the biting edge and stomata are the two main weld defects accounting about 85% of the total number of defects. In order to reduce the number of biting edge, causal diagram is used for analyzing the factors influencing the welding process. After the experiment, it is convinced that the process parameters of welding torch angle, welding speed and argon flow are the key factors affecting the biting edge significantly. Then, the optimum process parameters are determined by means of the DOE method, and the control chart is adopted to monitor the effect of process improvement. The results show that defects per million opportunities (DPMO) of biting edge could be controlled less than 1500 which is better than the target number of 5000. It is also proved that the Six Sigma DMAIC methodology is efficiently. Therefore, the stomata defects are reduced in the same way, the level of product quality is raised from 3.55σ to 4.52σ, and the competitiveness of the enterprise would be enhanced greatly.
Research on Metallurgical Reactivity Performance of Coke
Authors: Wang Xin Yu
Published: September 2013

The coke reactivity is one of the major evaluation indexes of coke. But there is still no clear statement on the reaction temperature as well as the way of reaction. In order to have a further understanding on the process of coke solution loss reaction in the blast furnace, the present paper studied the coke reactivity at different temperatures and finally found out the reaction rules and constraints in different zones of the blast furnace.
Experimental Analysis of the Nonlinear Normal Static Stiffness of Bolted Joints
Authors: Cai Li Gang , Wang Feng , Guo Tie Neng , Wang Jing Jing , Qiao Peng
Published: September 2013

The normal static stiffness plays an important role in the whole connection of bolted joints. Both the design and the connection quality are depended on the normal static stiffness. But the nonlinear characteristics of its normal static stiffness is not well explained. An experimental test is developed herein to clarify the influence of the jointed surfaces. And the nonlinear effect of jointed surfaces of bolted members has been separated from the total stiffness. The nonlinear relation between the extensile force and the joints’ stiffness in the jointed surfaces under different preloads has been extracted through the experiment.
The Numerical Simulation of Superplastic Deformation on Ti-6Al-4V Laser Butt Weld Joint
Authors: Cheng Dong Hai , Fan Zhao , Chen Yi Ping , Hu De An
Published: September 2013

Forming process of TC4 titanium alloy laser weld joint during superplastic deformation is simulated. The stress and strain curve, which is obtained in the simulation, is compared with that obtained by hot tensile experiments. The simulation results provides a basis for subsequent laser welding / superplastic forming technology, and proposes outlook to the analyze problems for laser welding / superplastic forming (LBW / SPF) technology.
Application of Inverse Heat Conduction Problems in the Slab Solidification Process
Authors: Yu Yang , Luo Xiao Chuan , Wang Yuan
Published: September 2013

The surface heat transfer coefficient is obtained by the calculation of water-flowing in the second cooling zone of continuous casting; the parameters of this formula are determined by the engineering experiment methods. This paper adopts a new method-numerical calculation method to obtain these parameters. Firstly, the paper uses the method of solving inverse heat conduction problems to calculate the surface heat flux and the surface heat transfer coefficient. Secondly, by using the least square method, the parameters in the formula between the surface heat transfer coefficient and water-flowing are identified. Finally, a plant steel data is used to do some simulation experiments. The results of this simulation prove this numerical method feasibility and effectiveness.
Numerical Simulation of Orientation Distribution on Fibers Suspensions in Planar Extensional Field
Authors: Luo Pei Fang , Huang Zan
Published: September 2013

A mathematical model of evolution process is adopted to simulate orientation distribution of fibers suspensions in planar extensional flow, i.e., specific form of Fokker-Plank partial differential equation and Jeffery equation. The analytical solution of differential equation on forecast fiber orientation distribution is deduced.
Metallurgical Consideration about Abnormal Events during Slab Continuous Casting Process in the Quality Diagnosis Model
Authors: Kong Yi Wen , Feng Ke , Wang Shui Gen , Cao Jian Feng , Han Zhi Wei
Published: September 2013

Some kinds of abnormal events occurred possibly during casting process have been taken into full consideration in the slab quality online diagnosis & analysis mathematic model, CISDI_SQDS ONLINE R2011, the effects of which on relevant crack formation index have been introduced into the model in terms of the event level. As for the capture modes of event status, there are two styles, one is manual set mode, the other one is automatic judgment mode. And also, the effect ranges of all the events in the casting strand have been discussed respectively. The mathematic model has been put into industrial application successfully in Xinjiang Bayi Steel, which shows obviously that, the capture method of event status is accurate and reliable, the influence factors of events to quality defects are reasonable and can reflect the effect degree normally.
Modeling Study of Engineering Ceramics WEDM Based on Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Li Xue , Wang He , Shao Qiu Ping
Published: September 2013

relevance between technological parameter and processing effects in WEDM is extremely complex. In order to solve the difficulty of set up mathematical model for technological parameter and processing effects in engineering ceramics WEDM, an prediction model based on fuzzy logic is proposed through establish fuzzy controller by input/output fuzzification, fuzzy inference and settle fuzzy, whereas, build prediction model of engineering ceramics WEDM surface roughness change according to technological parameter utilizing established fuzzy logic controller in matlab. Laboratory finding shows, utilization of this model can precisely predict surface roughness under preset condition with relatively minus error, which further validate the reliability of this model. Keywords: Engineering ceramics, fuzzy logic, WEDM, processing optimization
Casting Filling Simulation Technology Based on Component Wise Splitting Method
Authors: Mao Hong Kui , Yao Bin Ye , Xu Hong
Published: September 2013

The casting filling numerical simulation technology is of great significance to optimize the casting process, improve castings quality, and reduce production costs. Component wise splitting method only uses a small amount of iterations between velocity field and pressure field, so it has high computational efficiency in theory. The calculation accuracy is analyzed through Lid-driven cavity flow model, the result has a good agreement with literature results in low Reynolds number, but there is a big deviation when high Reynolds number. Finally the fraction step method is applied to the solution of the low pressure casting filling process, Calculation results coincided with the experimental results.
Fabrication and Ultraviolet Characterization of Potassium Sodium Niobate/Polyimide Hybrid Films
Authors: Lin Jia Qi , Zhang Pan Pan , Yang Wen Long
Published: September 2013

A functional potassium sodium niobate/polyimide (KNN/PI) composite films were prepared in this paper. KNN fillers are well dispersed in the PI matrix without any accumulation through in situ polymerization process. The optical band baps of the hybrid films become smaller with the increase of KNN loading. The optical band baps of the films with 0-20 wt% KNN filler are estimated to be 2.61 eV, 2.57 eV, 2.52 eV, 4.29 eV, 2.35 eV respectively.
Numerical Simulation of Filling Process in Large Steel-Ingot
Authors: Zhang Zhao Hui , Feng Lu , Zhao Fu Cai
Published: September 2013

A three dimensional incompressible gas-liquid two-phase flow model is proposed to accurately simulate the fluid flow of casting's mould filling process. The gas entrapment during mould filling is studied under different initial velocity and pressure conditions. The simulation results show that the velocity of change has a larger effect on gas entrapment, Initial velocity affects the distribution of temperature field,meanwhile gas entrapment parts specialized sampling is proceeded for qualitative detection at the scene. The simulated result is consistent with the experimental result, which can be reference for the process parameters selection and mold design of filling process in large steel-ingot. Keywords: gas entrapment, the filling process , the numerical simulation
Study and Implementation of CNC Lathe Machining Simulation System
Authors: Xu Sha , Wu En Qi , Liu Guo
Published: September 2013

Virtual manufacturing technology is used to simulate the computer numerical control (CNC) lathe, virtual prototype of the CNC lathe is established. In the simulating process, the explain module and the check module of the CNC code are analyzed, the differential radial dynamic scaling technology is used to simulate the workpiece forming process, then the motion simulation of the virtual CNC lathe system is realized, and the system is drived by the CNC code. The machining process and workpiece forming process can be observed directly in the virtual environment, so the correctness of the CNC code can be checked in advance to avoid the interference, collisions or other problems in the actual lathe processing and reduce the the scrap rate of the workpiece and tool in the actual machining process.
Improvement of Electromagnetic Self-Locking Device for Cylinders in High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor
Authors: Wu Bin , Wang Jin Hua , Li Yue , Liu Ji Guo
Published: September 2013

Several air cylinders are employed in complex equipment in pebble-bed high temperature gas-cooled reactor. They were designed to actuate remote movements in radioactive environment. An electromagnetic self-locking device was designed to lock them in safe position when the compressed air source is offline by accident. But the disadvantageous temporary standstill of armature in unlocking process still needed to be eliminated. Maxwell 2D transient analysis was performed to simulate the armature motion and compared with the experimental results. A comprehensive understanding was then achieved, and the parallel capacitor solution to the standstill problem was developed. With further numerical simulation and experimental verification, the self-locking device with capacitor connection was optimized. The armature motion was accelerated and the standstill was eliminated. The maximum temperature rise did not exceed the material limit value yet. The as-improved device would help guarantee the fail-safe feature of the cylinders.
The Effect of Simulated Domestic Wastewater Treatment by Biofilm and Biological Filter Processing
Authors: Sun Xiang Wei , Jiang Shan Quan , Xie Yun Cheng
Published: September 2013

Simulative wastewater was treated by a biofilm with soft filling and biological filter processing, the removal rate of COD /TN/NH4+-N and TP were discussed at different C/N ratio. The combined processing of biofilm and biological filter was studied. The results showed that the removal rate of COD is 80%. Biofilm had highly treatment efficiency and biological filter processing needed lower energy at low organic loading. The combined processing showed that the removal rate of COD and NH4+-N is more than 80% and 65% respectively. It will help for further study of domestic sewage treatment.
Study on Microlens Photonic Crystal Fabricated on Organic Light-Emitting Diode Substrate
Authors: Li Yang , Xu Wei
Published: September 2013

Transferable microlens-structures were fabricated on the substrate of OLED by using nanoimprint lithography. As a result, the waveguide effect on each organic layer was reduced, which can facilitate the optical coupling of the substrate and is expected to increase luminous efficiency, and finally, the device with high brightness can be fabricated. Firstly, ultraviolet exposure and wet etching technology were combined to fabricate high-precision nanoimprint template with quartz glass; secondly, the cleaning and anti-adhesion treatment were used and finally transferable microlens-structures were fabricated on the substrate of OLED by using hot nanoimprint lithography. The result shows that the lens micro-structures are characterized by good flatness, high nanoimprinting precision. The parameters of micro-structures such as period, diameter and length were optimized using Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and finally, the optical crystal micro-structure with the photonic band gap effect was fabricated. The light outcoupling efficiency can be increased effectively due to the photonic band gap effect produced by photonic crystal structures on the substrate of OLED. The measuring result showed that both the emission spectrum and the light intensity were increased.
Effect of Content and Layer Thickness on the Corona-Resistance of PI/TiO2 Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Zhao Xing , Yin Jin Hua , Jin Rong , Dong Jin Yu
Published: September 2013

Polymer/TiO2 nanocomposite films have good mechanical, electrical and thermal property, which are applied to electrical engineering and microelectronic technique field extensively. Nano-TiO2 has bigger permittivity and better absorption ultraviolet. The PI/TiO2-PI-PI/TiO2 three layer composite films (30mm) with different content and interlayer thickness were prepared via in-situ dispersion polymerization in this paper. And the films with A (5mm), B (10mm) and C (15mm) interlayer PI thickness are divided into three different series. The results show that inorganic TiO2 nanoparticles are well dispersed in the polymer matrices. And the structures of three layers are obvious. The doped nanoparticles don’t affect the imidization of PI matrix in composite films. The time-to-breakdown of all series films increases with the TiO2 content increasing, in which the B series films possess the best performance. Besides, the B series films with 4% doping content are tested with the longest time-to-breakdown, which is three times more than that of pure PI. After corona aging, there are lots of TiO2-particles with the ability of absorbing UV accumulated on the surface of films, playing the role in shielding electric field, which is one factor resulting in improvement of corona-resistance in the composite films.
Fabrication of PLGA/MWNTs/HA Scaffolds for Biomedical Application
Authors: Li Wei Hong
Published: September 2013

Biocomposite scaffolds of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles were fabricated by gas-foaming and particle-leaching technique. The structure, surface morphology, and some properties of these PLGA/MWNTs/HA composites were evaluated. MWNTs and HA were evenly scattered in the scaffolds. The porosity of scaffols were decreased when the content of MWNTs increased to 1wt%. The mechanical strength of scaffols can be strengthened by the the addition of 1wt% MWNTs. The PLGA/MWNTs/HA biocomposite scaffolds have the great potential application in bone tissue regeneration.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles through the Soft Template Method and their Applications to Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Lu Yu Dong , Chen Xia Xia , Chen Li Hui
Published: September 2013

Silver Nanoparticles has been prepared using the complex of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a template and used as SERS substrate. The effect of the ratio of CMC to PVP on silver nanoparticles was discussed. Silver Nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the ratio of CMC to PVP plays a crucial role in the performance of nanoparticles. TEM studies reveal that particles are mostly near-spherical in shape with an average size of 60-70 nm. The SERS enhancement of these silver nanoparticles was tested by using Rhodamine 6G (R6G) as a probe molecule. The silver nanoparticles prepared with the complex of CMC and PVP as a template have been shown to provide strong enhancements in the SERS spectrum of R6G. Keywords: Carboxymethyl cellulose; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Surface-enhanced Raman scattering; silver; Template
Simulation of the Effect of Nano Phase Size on Microstructure Evolution in Nanocomposite Ceramic Tool Materials
Authors: Cheng Hong Mei , Huang Chuan Zhen
Published: September 2013

Monte Carlo simulation method of microstructure evolution in nanocomposite ceramic tool materials is set up. Two-phased material systems with the same area fractions but various sizes of nanoparticles are designed, and the processes of microstructure evolution are simulated. The influences of nanoparticle size on microstructure and grain growth are observed and discussed quantitatively. It is found that the mean size of matrix grains increases with the increase of nanophase size during simulation, and intragranular-type microstructure is more difficult to form. The material Al2O3/nanoSiC is developed and the simulated results are verified.
Investigation on the Photovoltaic Performance of ZnO Nanoarrays Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition and Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Xiao Zonghu , Zhong Wei , Xu Shun Jian , Luo Yong Ping , Wu Juan Xiu
Published: September 2013

ZnO nanorod arrays were successfully prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) and hydrothermal method (HTM), respectively. The photovoltaic performance of ZnO nanoarrays as photoelectrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) was investigated. Experimental results show that ZnO seed crystals prepared by a sol-gol process have c axis orientation and consist of nanoparticles within the range of 50~100nm. The same particle size and orientation is well preserved in ZnO nanoarrays grown on the seed crystal layers. The photovoltaic performance of DSCs based on ZnO nanoarrays as the photoelectrodes is poor, due to the weaker adsorption bond force between ZnO and dye, and lower dye adsorption quantity. By contrast, the DSCs composed of ZnO arrays prepared by hydrothermal method have optimal performance, the corresponding short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc), open circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF) and photoelectric conversion efficiency (η) are 4.89 mA/cm2, 0.650V, 0.39 and 1.25 %, respectively.
Study on the Behavior of Internal Oxidation of Ag-Cu-Zn Alloy
Authors: Chen Yong Tai , Xie Ming , Yang You Cai , Zhang Ji Ming , Liu Man Men , Wang Sai Bei , Wang Song , Hu Jie Qiong
Published: September 2013

the behavior of internal oxidation of Ag-Cu-Zn alloy was studied at various internal oxidation temperatures for different internal oxidation time. The experimental results show that the short path diffusion, such as boundary diffusion and surface diffusion, is the main diffusion channel of oxygen in initial stage of oxidation, oxidation rate is fast, while the internal oxidation exponent n=1. Then the oxygen diffusion translated from short path diffusion into long path diffusion with the extending of internal oxidation time, and the oxidation rate was slowed down, while the internal oxidation exponent n=1.67. The action size is increased with the temperature increase. The diffusion activation energy of oxygen in initial stage of oxidation is lower than that in middle and late stage.
Effect of the Linear Electromagnetic Stirring on Microstructure and Properties of Cu-10%Nb Alloys
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wang En Gang , Zuo Xiao Wei , Wang Wen Bin , He Ji Cheng
Published: September 2013

Cu-10%Nb alloys were solidified with or without electromagnetic stirring. The effect of electromagnetic stirring (EMS) on the distribution of Nb particles in solidified Cu-10%Nb ingots and the performance of its deformed wires were studied. The 300A/16Hz EMS has refined the microstructure of Cu-10%Nb alloy, with smaller phase size and larger amount, and is benefit to the homogenous distribution of Nb-rich phases. The fitted lognormal distribution of Nb phase size in case without or with EMS is compared, and the EMS case has the higher frequency percentage in the range of smaller size for both the solidified ingot and the deformed wire. Cu-10%Nb wires in EMS case have a less value of electrical conductivity and a considerably higher ultimate tensile strength compared with that without EMS.
Study on Molten Zone in Twin-Roll Casting of Magnesium Alloy Strip
Authors: Pei Zhi Pu , Zhao Hong Yang , Hu Xiao Dong , Ju Dong Ying
Published: September 2013

Thermal flow finite element simulation was carried out to deeply understand the solidification and deformation phenomena of magnesium alloy in molten zone during twin-roll casting process. The results show that temperature near the nip of the rolls is about 680K based on current conditions, and there are two vortexes in the molten pool during casting, a peak formed at solidus. Due to the metal flows in molten pool and relative rotates of the rolls, temperature field of molten zone is different from normal casting, which will cause the solidification structure changes. An experiment by using a vertical type twin-roll caster was also conducted, and the amount of deformation bands at the joint line is larger than that at the two sides. Substructures can be found due to dynamic recrystallization during casting process.
The Study about Property of Corrosion Resistance of AlCoCrTiNiCu_x High-Entropy Alloys
Authors: Wang Chun Wei , Mo Yan Fang , Mo Zhuo Qiang , Tang Jian Jiang , Wei He Yu
Published: September 2013

The paper had studied the property of corrosion resistance of AlCoCrTiNiCu_x high-entropy alloys by using the way of loss-weight. The results found that the function of corrosion resistance of Cr, Ni, and Ti is very good and the property of corrosion resistance of AlCoCrTiNiCu_x high-entropy alloys is reduced with increasing the content percentage of Cu, but the content percentage of chemical compounds on metal is increased.
Influnce of Grain Size on Dynamic Recrystallization of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Rolling Sheet
Authors: Xu Chen Yang , Chu Fu Xiang , Xu Xiao Ling , Chen Hao , Gao Fang
Published: September 2013

Microstructure evolution characteristics and the influence of the intial grain size on the dynamic recrystallization of AZ31 were investigated by rolling at deformation temperature of 280 °C, 30% reduction and strain rate of 5.6s-1. The results indicate that under the present deformation condition, when the grain size is 6.2μm the dynamic recrystallization does not occur , twinning dynamic recrystallization (TDRX) occurs when the original grain size are of 7.9μm and 12.7μm, when the original grain size is 21.1μm rotating dynamic recrystallization (RDRX) occurs.
Coal Quality Characteristics and Inflaming Retarding Mode of Indonesia Coal in the Large Power Statdion
Authors: Chen Gang , Lu Jian , Su Wei , Zhang Hong Liang
Published: September 2013

this paper introduces the main parameters of the mining and arrival coal quality, and analyzes the low temperature oxidation characteristic of Indonesia coal through thermogravimetric test; meanwhile, the mechanism of spontaneous combustion of Indonesia coal is clarified, the advantages and disadvantages of various inflaming retarding methods are compared, and the development direction of inflaming retarding of Indonesia coal in the power plant is pointed out.
Boron Influence on Structures and Properties in Nickel-Based Alloys
Authors: Chen Chuan Hui , Bai Yang , Chen Wei , Ye Xu Chu
Published: September 2013

Nickel-base alloys with different boron contents were prepared by vacuum arc furnace. The effect of the boron contents to metallography was characterized simultaneously by XRD and SEM with EDS part. The thermal behavior was analyzed by DSC curves which mainly represents the eutectic temperature of alloys. The Vickers hardness and ball-on-flat wear test were carried out to reveal the relationship between metallographic phase formation and wear resistance. The results indicated that main composites are eutectic Ni-Cr as matrix and CrB, Ni3B as precipitated phase. A considerable amount of dislocation and stacking faults exist in the specific orientation (200) of Ni3B. 2.0~4.0%B alloys melt at 1060oC, while the boride-poor alloy melts at 1085oC. 3.0~4.0%B alloys performed the best on wear resistance. Wear volume reduces along with increasing hardness at the beginning, and then keeps invariant. Borides are main reinforcing phases, which affects hardness and wear resistance greatly.
The Influence of Ti on d-Electron Occupancy of Fe in Fe-1.7%Ti Alloy
Authors: Yang Wei Guo , Li De Hui , Cai Hong Jin , Cai Xin , Chen Huan , Xiang Hong Fu
Published: September 2013

An Fe-1.7wt% Ti alloy was prepared and the electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) of iron was collected. The d-electron occupancy of Fe is measured from the white-line intensity of EELS. It was found that relative to pure iron the d-electron occupancy of Fe in Fe-1.7wt% Ti alloy increased.
Effect of Nano CaO and MgO Addition on the Inclusions Composition in the Cast Microstructure of X80 Pipeline Steel
Authors: Liu Yan , He Chun Lin , Ma Qian He , Liu Yang
Published: September 2013

Nanometer calcium and magnesium oxides were added into molten steel by the carrier method in the experiment. The experiment takes the X80 pipeline steel as the research object and analyses the effect of nanometer calcium and magnesium oxides addition on the inclusions in the cast microstructure of the X80 pipeline steel. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were used to analyze the composition of the inclusions in the cast microstructure of the X80 pipeline steel. The result reveals that when no addition of nanooxides, the inclusions in the cast microstructure are the C-Fe-Si-Al-Mn-based inclusions. When adding nanoMgO, the inclusions are mainly the composite oxides of Fe-Mg-Si-O, Fe-Mg-Si-Mn-O and Mg-Si-Mn-Al-O. When adding nanoCaO, the inclusions are mainly the composite oxides of Fe-Ca-Al-O, Fe-Ca-Si-O, Fe-Ca-Si-Mn-O and the composite oxides or sulfides of Fe-Ca-Si-Mn-O-S. There is more Fe in some inclusions and Fe is not uniformly dispersed in the molten steel. As the result, some certain segregation phenomenon takes place.
Study on Compressive Properties of SiC Particle Reinforced ZAlCu5Mn Composite Foams
Authors: Jin Rong Zhen , Xie Nian Suo , Li Jiao Jiao , Che Jing
Published: September 2013

SiC particle reinforced AlCu5Mn composite foams (SiCp/ZAlCu5Mn composite foams) were fabricated by the direct foaming of the melt. The quasi-static compressive properties of SiCp/ZAlCu5Mn composite foams were tested by compressive test. The effects of SiC particle, the average diameter of pores, and the relative density on the quasi-static compressive properties of SiCp/ZAlCu5Mn composite foams were performed with the universal material testing machine. The microstructure of SiCp/ZAlCu5Mn composite was studied by SEM. The results show that choosing small size of SiC particles as reinforced material, thinning pore diameter, and increasing the relative density of SiCp/ZAlCu5Mn composite foams with the same volume fraction of SiC particles can improve the energy absorption ability under the quasi-static loading. SiCp/ZAlCu5Mn composite foams are of well compressive property. The compressive deformation course of SiCp/ZAlCu5Mn composite foams involves three stages that are the linearly elastic deformation region, the collapse plateau region, and the densification region. The test results may be influenced by strain gauge, data processing method, shape of incident wave etc.
Experimental Study on Optimization of Slag Splashing Modifiers with Magnesite Tailings
Authors: Ma Fang Qing , Li Jing
Published: September 2013

The pile up of Magnesite Tailings cause serious environment pollution and mineral resources waste. When making the low-carbon steel or the ultra low-carbon steel in middle or small size converters, the slag superheat is always higher due to the higher tapping temperature. In order to reduce the tapping temperature, after blowing is also needed, which wil cause the contents of FeO in final slag get increased, the slag with lower viscosity, and the contens of MgO in final slag cant get saturated. So Slag Splashing should not proceed immediately that we must slag Modifiers. The modifier was synthesized by calcined magnesite and anthracite powder,modifier takes the treatment of slag. The experimental result show that the slag has a higher melting point and a suitable viscosity to achieve the requirements of slag splashing.