bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implicaciones éticas de la automatización: desempleo, oportunidad o gobernanza
Authors: Peguero Alfonseca Andrés Emilio
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo aborda las implicaciones éticas de la automatización en la sociedad y anal los efectos en el desempleo. Utilizando una metodología de análisis textual crítico basada en fuentes filosóficas y obras como "Nacimiento de la Biopolítica" de Michel Foucault, examinamos diversos aspectos éticos y sociales relacionados con la automatización y su impacto en el desempleo. En el texto argumentamos que los diseñadores y responsables políticos deben garantizar que los sistemas automatizados respeten los principios de equidad, transparencia y responsabilidad. Asimismo, abordamos la preocupación sobre cómo las organizaciones y sistemas de inteligencia artificial pueden abordar los dilemas éticos en un contexto de divergencia moral entre individuos. Se establece la relación entre la automatización y el desempleo, destacando tanto los posibles beneficios económicos como los desafíos sociales que surgen de esta transformación. Se discuten diversas perspectivas sobre cómo la automatización puede crear o destruir empleos, así como las medidas que los gobiernos, empresas y sociedad deben tomar para mitigar los efectos negativos en el empleo y promover la inclusión social. Y se discute si en verdad los efectos de la automatización son casuales o creados a propósito para ejercer el poder sobre los usuarios. En conclusión, el artículo subraya la importancia de abordar de manera responsable y ética los desafíos y oportunidades que plantea la automatización en la sociedad contemporánea. Se enfatiza la necesidad de establecer marcos éticos y legales sólidos para regular el desarrollo y la aplicación de la automatización, garantizando así su beneficio para toda la humanidad.
La Teología de la Reconciliación: allanando el camino hacia una Nueva Evangelización en la Cuba socialista de finales del siglo XX
Authors: Pernús Santiago Julio , Castellanos Machado Caridad
Published: November 2024

Mientras que los obispos católicos latinoamericanos proponían una Nueva Evangelización para la región a finales del siglo XX, en Cuba se sentaron las bases de una Revolución marxista–leninista y atea, irreconciliable, al parecer, con el fenómeno religioso. Paralelamente, el auge de la Teología de la Liberación contemplaba un acercamiento entre cristianos y marxistas. Sin embargo, una propuesta diferente surgió en Cuba: la Teología de la Reconciliación. Este texto tiene como objetivo analizar los acontecimientos que contribuyeron a abrir las puertas al diálogo y la conciliación de intereses entre la Iglesia católica y el Estado cubano socialista, como camino inicial para la Nueva Evangelización. El método de investigación que se privilegió fue el análisis de documento a partir de la revisión de archivos históricos y bibliografía de la época y entrevista a expertos. Las conclusiones contemplan que las medidas tomadas por parte del gobierno revolucionario y las respuestas de la Iglesia católica repercutieron desfavorablemente en las relaciones Iglesia y Estado, limitando su participación en la esfera pública. La Teología de la Reconciliación se presentó como “válvula de escape” ante los enfrentamientos, y como forma concreta de allanar el camino al diálogo y el entendimiento entre católicos y marxistas.
Pergeseran Persepsi Budaya oleh Eksistensi Bahasa Indonesia pada Mahasiswa di Korea Selatan (2020-2024)
Authors: Pricilia Febriliani Worotikan  , Jessica Natania Elvisnanda  , Desiree Junike Angelica
Published: November 2024

As time progresses, language has become one of the diplomatic tools used in the international arena. In South Korea, interest in the Indonesian language has been growing, as evidenced by the increasing number of students showing interest in learning it each year. The author identifies an urgency to monitor the perceptions formed when foreign nationals learn Indonesian—in this context, South Korean society. This research seeks to elaborate on the cultural perceptions that emerge with the presence of the Indonesian language in South Korea. The aim of this study is to understand how the construction of cultural perceptions takes shape in the minds of South Koreans when they learn Indonesian. A descriptive qualitative research method was used, with data collection techniques in the form of interviews. The findings of this study indicate a shift in cultural perceptions of Indonesia, with Indonesian language learning fostering curiosity about Indonesian culture. Ultimately, this indirectly plays a role in promoting Indonesian culture. This shift is evident both in the mindset and in social interactions within the student community learning Indonesian.
Uso de la Inteligencia Artificial para Mejorar el Aprendizaje de Matemáticas en la Educación Superior. Una Revisión bibliométrica
Authors: Estrada Huancas Miriam María , Guzmán Roldán Carmen Margarita , Burga Barboza Rubén Esteban , Villegas Santamaría Luis Miguel
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo identificar patrones y tendencias en la producción científica sobre la aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en la educación matemática superior, mediante un análisis bibliométrico. La investigación aborda aspectos clave como el volumen de publicaciones, autores más influyentes, revistas destacadas, desarrollo semántico del tema y raíces históricas del concepto. El estudio se basó en un análisis bibliométrico de 897 publicaciones en la base de datos Scopus entre 1999 y 2024, utilizando herramientas como Bibliometrix, VOSviewer y Datawrapper. Los resultados muestran un crecimiento significativo en la producción científica desde 2019, vinculado a la madurez tecnológica y la transformación digital acelerada por la pandemia de COVID-19. Autores como Hwang G.-J. y Tu Y.-F. son destacados por su alta productividad y citación, y las revistas "Education and Information Technologies" y "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" emergen como las más relevantes. El análisis semántico subraya el enfoque en tecnologías avanzadas como machine learning y sistemas de tutoría inteligente. Se recomienda ampliar el análisis a otras bases de datos y adoptar un enfoque cualitativo en investigaciones futuras.
Stability of Mg IG/GSH combo injection
Authors: Gilbert Mary , Smith Benjamin
Published: November 2024

Objective: To investigate the stability of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (Mg IG) injection solution when mixed with reduced glutathione (GSH) injection solution at room temperature. Method: High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentration changes of Mg IG injection solution mixed with GSH injection solution in 5% and 10% glucose solutions. Results: No significant changes in concentration were observed within 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 4 hours after mixing the Mg IG injection solution with the GSH injection solution. Conclusion: Mg IG injection solution can be mixed with GSH injection solution in 5% and 10% glucose solutions and should be used within 4 hours.
Analysis and social work intervention of adolescent premature dating from a social-ecological perspective
Authors: Tanaka Nana , Sato Takumi
Published: November 2024

By applying social ecological theory and social work concepts and methods to analyze the phenomenon of adolescent early dating, it is found that the causes of adolescent early dating involve changes in physiological and psychological structures, the influence of family atmosphere, school education, peer group effects, and the impact of social environment and traditional culture on three levels. Social work can intervene in the social ecological system of adolescents through professional methods such as case counseling, group work, and community work, carrying out practical work in their individual, family, school, and community aspects, and contributing to the resolution of adolescent early dating issues.
Detecting Fake News Using Data Analytics: A Systematic Literature Review And Machine Learning Approach
Authors:   Graduate student, School of Computer and Information Sciences, Washington University of Science and Technology ( WUST), USA, Mintoo Abdul Awal
Published: November 2024

This study systematically reviews advancements in fake news detection techniques, examining methodologies and frameworks across machine learning, natural language processing, social network analysis, and multimodal approaches. By following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a rigorous and transparent review process was conducted, resulting in the selection and evaluation of 254 research articles. The findings reveal that supervised learning models, such as Support Vector Machines, Decision Trees, and Naïve Bayes, have shown strong performance in text-based fake news classification, particularly when feature selection is optimized. Deep learning models, including CNNs, RNNs, and transformers, have further advanced detection accuracy by capturing complex linguistic patterns, though challenges with computational demands and model interpretability remain. In scenarios with limited labeled data, unsupervised learning models and semi-supervised approaches offer adaptability, with clustering, anomaly detection, and iterative self-labeling proving effective for evolving misinformation. Additionally, cross-disciplinary approaches, integrating insights from psychology, sociology, and network science, enhance detection models by accounting for user behavior, emotional appeal, and social conformity in the spread of fake news. Case studies from collaborative projects underscore the potential of interdisciplinary efforts to develop robust, adaptable detection frameworks. This review concludes that effective fake news detection requires a multifaceted approach, combining technical advancements with social science insights to address the complexity and adaptive nature of misinformation. The study emphasizes the need for continued research in hybrid models and adaptive, real-time detection solutions to strengthen defenses against fake news in diverse digital environments.
ESTIMULAÇÃO TRANSCRANIANA POR CORRENTE CONTÍNUA EM PACIENTES COM DEPRESSÃO
Authors:   Adriana Cavalcanti de Macedo Matos, Marques Alanny Bandeira de Oliveira , Paes Tamires Pereira
Published: November 2024

A Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua (ETCC) tem emergido como uma abordagem terapêutica promissora para o tratamento da depressão, especialmente em casos de resistência a tratamentos convencionais. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo buscou investigar a eficácia da estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua em pacientes com depressão, analisando seu impacto nos sintomas e suas possíveis contribuições como terapia complementar. Ademais, a metodologia consistiu em uma abordagem de revisão integrativa da literatura científica, realizada nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e da National Library of Medicine (PubMed). Para a seleção dos estudos, foram excluídos textos incompletos, dissertações e teses em espanhol, e incluídos artigos completos publicados nos últimos cinco anos (2019 a 2024), onde a seleção da amostra para a construção dos resultados compreendeu apenas 5 artigos, escolhidos a partir dos critérios já citados. Os resultados revelam que a ETCC apresenta um potencial significativo na redução dos sintomas depressivos, com um perfil de segurança favorável. A análise de dados sugere que a técnica é geralmente bem tolerada e pode servir como uma alternativa eficaz para pacientes que não respondem adequadamente a tratamentos convencionais. No entanto, a pesquisa também aponta para a necessidade de padronização nos protocolos de tratamento e a inclusão de diferentes grupos populacionais em estudos futuros. As conclusões reforçam que a ETCC é uma opção promissora no manejo da depressão, indicando que a continuidade das investigações nesta área pode aprimorar a compreensão de seus mecanismos de ação e ampliar sua aplicação clínica.
EFEITOS DA CARGA IMEDIATA NA REABILITAÇÃO COM IMPLANTES: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Sombra David Victor Silva , Souza Jheyzykelly Sinimbú De , Costa Rayele Leite Da , Silva Alenildo Pereira Da , Fonseca Tiago Silva Da
Published: November 2024

A reabilitação com implantes dentários é uma abordagem eficaz para a reposição de dentes perdidos, mas seu sucesso depende da osseointegração. Tradicionalmente, utilizava-se o protocolo de carga tardia, porém, com os avanços nas técnicas e materiais, a carga imediata foi implementada, oferecendo benefícios adicionais. Entretanto, a aplicação precoce da carga pode comprometer o processo de osseointegração. O objetivo deste trabalho é buscar e revisar a literatura atual sobre os efeitos da carga imediata em implantes, abordando os benefícios e principais fatores que influenciam o sucesso dessa abordagem. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa, através das bases de dados PubMED, Google Acadêmico e Science Direct, utilizados os seguintes descritores: “carga imediata”, “implantes dentários”, “osseointegração”, e “reabilitação oral”. Os critérios de inclusão abrangeram artigos completos, como revisões, estudos clínicos, dissertações e teses dos últimos cinco anos, em inglês, português e espanhol, sobre os efeitos da carga imediata na reabilitação oral. A pesquisa inicial encontrou 832 artigos sobre carga imediata em implantes dentários e osseointegração, dos quais, 14 estudos foram selecionados para esta revisão de literatura. Conclui-se que o sucesso da instalação de implantes seguido de carga imediata depende da avaliação rigorosa da estabilidade primária do implante, das condições sistêmicas do paciente e do planejamento cirúrgico. Quando bem aplicada, a carga imediata pode reduzir o tempo de tratamento e proporcionar benefícios funcionais e psicológicos. Em síntese, é uma abordagem eficiente que gera resultados mais rápidos, mas exige um planejamento detalhado e execução adequada.
FRAUDE DE DADOS DE CARTÕES DE CRÉDITO NAS REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: Costa Carla Oliveira da , Rodrigues Monique Maciel , Gomes Jennifer Alves Rates
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo Identificar os principais desafios jurídicos e regulatórios envolvidos na investigação e persecução da fraude de dados de cartões de crédito em ambientes de redes sociais. A fraude de dados de cartões de crédito nas redes sociais é uma das práticas mais frequentes no ciberespaço, onde criminosos utilizam diversas estratégias para obter informações pessoais e financeiras de usuários. Com a popularização das plataformas digitais e o aumento das transações financeiras online, a exposição a riscos de fraude tem se intensificado, tornando a proteção dos dados pessoais uma preocupação central para consumidores e empresas. Dessa forma, a metodologia utilizada é qualitativa e bibliográfica, baseada na análise de publicações como: artigos, teses , relatórios e estudos de caso que apresentem a dinâmica das fraudes em redes sociais. Os resultados esperados incluem a identificação das principais vulnerabilidades que facilitam as fraudes em redes sociais, bem como a análise das medidas de segurança recomendadas pela Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD) para proteger as informações pessoais e financeiras.
Schönberg, Trauma, and the Unrepresentable
Authors: Cooper-White Pamela
Published: November 2024

This examination raises the possibility, that the completion of Schönberg's opera Moses und Aron became impossible in light of antisemitism and the Holocaust, Schönberg’s personal memory of the family’s precipitous flight from Nazi Germany just as Act II was completed, and the murders of those relatives left behind. Did Schönberg suffer from a resulting form of writer’s block, in whicha hopeful conclusion to Act III of the opera could no longer be envisioned? Extant text sketches for Act III suggest a grim post-traumatic reaction, and preoccupation with a militant version of Zionism. To understand these factors, we must first examine the vicissitudes of Schönberg’s cultural and political identifications over many years.
Knowledge Management as a Tool for Improving Work Performance in selected law firms in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Meso Alfred , Bosire-Ogechi Emily , Maseh Elsebah
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – This paper investigates how knowledge management practices can improve work performance in selected law firms in Nairobi County. It also proposes strategies for improving knowledge management practices toward enhanced work performance in the selected law firms.Methodology – This study used a descriptive case study of 22 purposively selected law firms in Nairobi County, Kenya. 222 out of 524 staff of the selected firms participated in the study.Findings – The results revealed that most of the respondents, 86.5%, were aware of knowledge management practices and indicated they applied them in their law firms. The inferential statistical analysis showed a significant agreement (p<0.05) across different attributes that knowledge management is a tool for improving work performance.Implications – Law firms need well-developed knowledge management strategies and policies to guide knowledge management. The firms should also formulate knowledge retention strategies to ensure important knowledge held by advocates and other staff does not get lost as they leave through retirement, dismissals, death, or any other way.Originality – There is a shortage of literature on this subject in Kenya. This study contributes to the discourse on how to apply knowledge management practices in legal practice in Kenya. It is an original study
Knowledge management jobs in Kenya: a functional analysis
Authors: Kwanya Tom , Ogutu Jared , Muthuri Eric , Turandi Tajerua , Maina Eric , Omach Christone
Published: November 2024

Rationale of study – Most organisations in Kenya face challenges integrating the knowledge management function in their structures due to the lack of a clear understanding of what knowledge managers should do. Consequently, there currently exist varied, unpredictable and often shallow job descriptions associated with knowledge managers.Methodology - The researchers conducted a functional analysis of knowledge management jobs in Kenya in an effort to establish the general job titles used to refer to knowledge management specialists; ascertain their position in the organisational structure; explore their job responsibilities and requirements; as well as understand any special requirements associated with knowledge management roles. Data was obtained through a content analysis of job advertisements carried in the Daily Nation and Standard, which are the leading newspapers in Kenya, in 2013 and 2014. Additional data was also obtained from online job advertisement platforms.Findings - Most organisations in Kenya do not have a good understanding of what knowledge management specialists do. Consequently, existing knowledge management positions have ambiguous and diverse job descriptions and requirements.Implications - The findings of this study can be used by organisations in Kenya to develop appropriate knowledge management job descriptions for knowledge management professionals. The findings may also be used by the relevant training institutions to develop and deploy relevant curricula to equip the potential knowledge management professionals with the requisite skills.Originality - The researchers propose a model job description for knowledge management specialists which may be applied by organisations in Kenya and beyond.
Cell-phone Instruction and Academic Achievements of Undergraduates During Covid-19 Pandemic in Delta and Rivers States, Nigeria
Authors: Arumuru Lawrence , Arumuru  Oluchi Angel
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study -This research investigated the link between cell phone instruction platforms and the academic achievements of undergraduates in LIS during the Covid-19 pandemic in Delta, and Rivers states, Nigeria.
Methodology -The researchers reviewed relevant empirical literature and equally elicited responses from the respondents to establish the platforms used for cell phone instruction during Covid-19 Pandemic in Delta, and Rivers states, Nigeria.
Findings -The report showed that the clampdown during the Covid-19 pandemic led to the introduction of various cell phone instruction platforms like WhatsApp, Delsu Management Learning Software, and email in Delta and Rivers states in Nigeria as a buffering upshot in the educational field. The employment of various cell phone instruction platforms hurts students' academic achievement. Furthermore, it was found that employing mobile phone instruction platforms presented several difficulties for undergraduates, including poor internet connectivity and high subscription costs. These difficulties also contributed to the low satisfaction level felt by the students.
Implications -The study's findings can be used by university management in Delta, and Rivers states to develop a blueprint for adopting or enforcing cell phone instruction platforms alongside the face-to-face arrangement.
Originality -This study fills a gap in recent research on the effects of the shared repertoire and voluntary action of a community of practice on knowledge sharing
Issues to consider when applying indigenous medical knowledge to provide healthcare by county governments in Kenya
Authors: F. O. Ouma Cary
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – This study explores issues that should be considered in implementing IMK in providing quality healthcare by county governments in Kenya. The study’s specific objectives were to determine different categories of IMK systems, to analyse categories of IMK practitioners and to propose issues that need to be considered in the application of IMK in the provision of quality health care by county governments in Kenya.Methodology – The study used a qualitative research approach. Data was collected from literature sources identified purposively through different search engines based on their relevance to the research topic.Findings – The study found that there are different systems of IMK, including pharmacology, physiotherapy, spiritual therapy and surgical therapy. In terms of practitioners, the study found that IMK practitioners can be categorised as herbalists, generalists, bone setters, dentists, traditional birth attendants and spiritual healers. Further, the issues that the county government should consider the application of IMK in the provision of health care include governance issues, intellectual property rights, application of IMK to health care provision, and proper management of IMK covering creation, codification, transfer, utilisation, validation and preservation.Implications – The study recommended that county governments in Kenya should: involve IMK practitioners in their healthcare delivery, address IMK management issues, and put in place appropriate legal and policy instruments to guide their efforts in integrating IMK systems in healthcare delivery. Implementing these recommendations will ensure that county governments can pull back their healthcare challenges by appropriately investing in their IMK resources.Originality – The study was original and explores a unique issue within the context of traditional knowledge in Kenya.
Use of Periodicals among Libraryand Information SciencePostgraduate Students in UniversityLibraries in Nigeria
Authors: I.N. Azonobi I.N. Azonobi , Ogbomo M.O. Ogbomo
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – This paper investigated the use of periodicals among Libraryand Information Science (LIS) postgraduate students in university libraries inNigeria. The objectives were to explore the activities performed (use ofperiodicals) by postgraduate students in university libraries, ascertain the purposesof using periodicals, and determine the frequency at which postgraduate studentsuse periodicals.Methodology – The data for the study was gathered through a two-pagequestionnaire administered to 404 respondents who were accessible in the libraryand LIS departments. Three hundred eighty-eight (388) questionnaires wereretrieved, representing a 96% return rate. The data were analysed statistically.Findings – The survey results showed that searching for particular information,downloading from open-access databases, locating multiple sources fromperiodicals, and reading in the library are the activities performed by postgraduatestudents while using periodicals.Implications – The findings of this study may be used by the universitymanagement and librarians to develop policies that will improve the subscriptionof searchable databases that encourage the usage of periodicals and otherinformation resources among students within and outside the university libraries.Originality – Though other studies have dealt with library usage, little, or no study,has been conducted on the activities (interaction) performed by users. This paperis the outcome of original research that has not been submitted elsewhere forpublication.
Identification of an early subset of cerebellar nuclei neurons in mice
Authors: Rahimi-Balaei Maryam , Amiri Shayan , Lamonerie Thomas , Wu Sih-Rong , Zoghbi Huda Y , Consalez G Giacomo , Goldowitz Daniel , Marzban Hassan
Published: November 2024

Cerebellar nuclei (CN) neurons serve as the primary output of the cerebellum and originate from the cerebellar primordium at early stages of cerebellar development. These neurons are diverse, integrating information from the cerebellar cortex and relaying it to various brain regions. Employing various methodologies, we have characterized a specific subset of CN neurons that do not originate from the rhombic lip or ventricular zone of the cerebellar primordium. Embryos were collected at early stages of development and processed for immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting,
in situ
hybridization (ISH), embryonic culture, DiI labeling, and flow cytometry analysis (FCM). Our findings indicate that a subset of CN neurons expressing α-synuclein (SNCA), OTX2, MEIS2, and p75NTR (NGFR) are located in the rostroventral region of the nuclear transitory zone (NTZ). While CN neurons derived from the rhombic lip are positioned in the caudodorsal area of the NTZ in the cerebellar primordium. Utilizing Otx2-GFP and

Atoh1
−/−

mice, we have determined that these cells do not originate from the germinal zone of the cerebellar primordium. These results suggest the existence of a novel extrinsic germinal zone for the cerebellar primordium, possibly the mesencephalon, from which early CN neurons originate.
Root cap cell corpse clearance limits microbial colonization in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Charura Nyasha , Llamas Ernesto , De Quattro Concetta , Vilchez David , Nowack Moritz K , Zuccaro Alga
Published: November 2024

Programmed cell death occurring during plant development (dPCD) is a fundamental process integral for plant growth and reproduction. Here, we investigate the connection between developmentally controlled PCD and fungal accommodation in Arabidopsis thaliana roots, focusing on the root cap-specific transcription factor ANAC033/SOMBRERO (SMB) and the senescence-associated nuclease BFN1. Mutations of both dPCD regulators increase colonization by the beneficial fungus Serendipita indica, primarily in the differentiation zone. smb-3 mutants additionally exhibit hypercolonization around the meristematic zone and a delay of S. indica-induced root-growth promotion. This demonstrates that root cap dPCD and rapid post-mortem clearance of cellular corpses represent a physical defense mechanism restricting microbial invasion of the root. Additionally, reporter lines and transcriptional analysis revealed that BFN1 expression is downregulated during S. indica colonization in mature root epidermal cells, suggesting a transcriptional control mechanism that facilitates the accommodation of beneficial microbes in the roots.
Isoleucine gate blocks K+ conduction in C-type inactivation
Authors: Treptow Werner , Liu Yichen , Bassetto Carlos AZ , Pinto Bernardo I , Alves Nunes Joao Antonio , Uriarte Ramon Mendoza , Chipot Christophe J , Bezanilla Francisco , Roux Benoit
Published: November 2024

Many voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels display a time-dependent phenomenon called C-type inactivation, whereby prolonged activation by voltage leads to the inhibition of ionic conduction, a process that involves a conformational change at the selectivity filter toward a non-conductive state. Recently, a high-resolution structure of a strongly inactivated triple-mutant channel kv1.2-kv2.1-3m revealed a novel conformation of the selectivity filter that is dilated at its outer end, distinct from the well-characterized conductive state. While the experimental structure was interpreted as the elusive non-conductive state, our molecular dynamics simulations and electrophysiological measurements show that the dilated filter of kv1.2-kv2.1-3m is conductive and, as such, cannot completely account for the inactivation of the channel observed in the structural experiments. The simulation shows that an additional conformational change, implicating isoleucine residues at position 398 along the pore lining segment S6, is required to effectively block ion conduction. The I398 residues from the four subunits act as a state-dependent hydrophobic gate located immediately beneath the selectivity filter. These observations are corroborated by electrophysiological experiments showing that ion permeation can be resumed in the kv1.2-kv2.1-3m channel when I398 is mutated to an asparagine—a mutation that does not abolish C-type inactivation since digitoxin (AgTxII) fails to block the ionic permeation of kv1.2-kv2.1-3m_I398N. As a critical piece of the C-type inactivation machinery, this structural feature is the potential target of a broad class of quaternary ammonium (QA) blockers and negatively charged activators thus opening new research directions toward the development of drugs that specifically modulate gating states of Kv channels.
A molecular proximity sensor based on an engineered, dual-component guide RNA
Authors: Choi Junhong , Chen Wei , Liao Hanna , Li Xiaoyi , Shendure Jay
Published: November 2024

One of the goals of synthetic biology is to enable the design of arbitrary molecular circuits with programmable inputs and outputs. Such circuits bridge the properties of electronic and natural circuits, processing information in a predictable manner within living cells. Genome editing is a potentially powerful component of synthetic molecular circuits, whether for modulating the expression of a target gene or for stably recording information to genomic DNA. However, programming molecular events such as protein-protein interactions or induced proximity as triggers for genome editing remains challenging. Here we demonstrate a strategy termed “P3 editing”, which links
p
rotein-
p
rotein
p
roximity to the formation of a functional CRISPR-Cas9 dual-component guide RNA. By engineering the crRNA:tracrRNA interaction, we demonstrate that various known protein-protein interactions, as well as the chemically-induced dimerization of protein domains, can be used to activate prime editing or base editing in human cells. Additionally, we explore how P3 editing can incorporate outputs from ADAR-based RNA sensors, potentially allowing specific RNAs to induce specific genome edits within a larger circuit. Our strategy enhances the controllability of CRISPR-based genome editing, facilitating its use in synthetic molecular circuits deployed in living cells.
Physical development of infants born to patients with COVID-19 during pregnancy: 2 years of age
Authors: Eligulashvili Anna , Gordon Moshe , Nemerofsky Sheri , Havranek Tomas , Bernstein Peter , Yee Judy , Hou Wei , Duong Tim
Published: November 2024

Background

SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and pandemic circumstances could negatively impact infant development. This study aimed to investigate the physical development, common pediatric illness incidence, and healthcare utilization over the first 2 years of life of infants born to COVID+ and COVID- patients. Comparisons were also made with infants born pre-pandemic.

Methods

This is a retrospective observational study at a major academic health system in New York City. Participants include all infants born to birthing persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy (N = 758) and without (N = 9,345) from 03/01/2020 to 08/17/2022, infants born pre-pandemic (N = 3,221) from 03/01/2017 to 08/17/2019, and birthing persons of all infants.

Results

There were no differences in weight, length, or head circumference curves between pandemic infants born to COVID+ and COVID- patients over the first 2 years of life (p > 0.05, repeated ANOVA). Annualized incidence of illness occurrence and healthcare utilization were similar between groups. Compared to pre-pandemic infants, the length of pandemic (COVID-) infants was lower from birth to 9 months (p < 0.0001). Pandemic infants additionally had more adverse perinatal outcomes including increased stillbirth (0.75% vs. 0.12%, p = 0.0001) and decreased gestational age (38.41 ± 2.71 vs. 38.68 ± 2.55 weeks, Cohen’s d = −0.10, p < 0.0001), birthweight (2,597 ± 335 vs. 3,142 ± 643 g, Cohen’s d = −1.06, p < 0.0001), and birth length (48.08 ± 4.61 vs. 49.09 ± 3.93 cm, Cohen’s d = −0.24, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Birthing persons’ SARS-CoV-2 infection status, birthing persons’ profiles, and pandemic circumstances negatively affected perinatal outcomes, newborn physical development, and healthcare utilization. These findings draw clinical attention to the need to follow infants closely and implement enrichment to ensure optimal developmental outcomes.
An Economic Analysis of Maize Production across Major Producing States of India
Authors: Patel Sanskala , Sharma Hari Om , Vani Gourav Kumar , Singh Aditya , Laxkar Harshita
Published: November 2024

National Food Security Mission has been taken by Government of India to increase coarse cereal Maize production in the country to meet food, feed for livestock and poultry and industrial raw material, domestic as well as global demand. The traditional and modern industrial uses have made it one of the fastest growing cash crops in the world. Considering its global as well as national importance, In this article, we have analysed the relative change, growth rate and CDVI (cuddy-della valle-index) in cost, returns, profitability and break-even production of maize during the study period 2000-01 to 2018-19 of Maize across major Maize growing states of India. The study found that Cost A1, cost A2, cost B1, cost B2, cost C1 and cost C2 of maize was found to be increased higher in Madhya Pradesh with highly significant annual growth rate during the study period than other states. These cost concepts showed low to medium instability for almost all the leading states. The findings revealed that maize was more profitable in Bihar, followed by Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, owing to higher net income and B:C ratios than in other states. Bihar states had higher differential yield and a greater discrepancy between the cost of production and the minimum support price. In some states, actual yields were lower than break-even, and production costs were greater than the minimum support price, resulting in losses for maize growers. The study's findings would help policymakers and governments devise appropriate development strategies and effective policies for less lucrative states.
Real-Time Data Governance and Compliance in Cloud-Native Robotics Systems
Authors: Obioha-Val Onyinye , Selesi-Aina Oluwatosin , Kolade Titilayo Modupe , Gbadebo Michael Olayinka , Olateju Omobolaji Olufunmilayo , Olaniyi Oluwaseun Oladeji
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the frameworks and challenges of real-time data governance and compliance in cloud-native robotics systems, focusing on data integrity, cloud security, regulatory adherence, and cybersecurity risks. Using extensive datasets from the Amazon AWS Open Data Registry, the EU GDPR Enforcement Tracker, and Kaggle’s IoT dataset, the analysis explores cloud-native systems' data accuracy, security, and governance. Data were extracted through a standardized process: performance metrics, including latency and error rates, were gathered from Amazon AWS to assess system efficiency, GDPR violation records were analyzed from the EU Enforcement Tracker to understand compliance trends, and data volume and governance metrics from Kaggle’s IoT dataset were correlated to identify governance challenges. Together, these data sources provide comprehensive insights into how cloud-native systems can be optimized for real-time operations. The study highlights the cloud security benefits and governance advantages inherent to cloud-native frameworks, such as real-time monitoring, automated threat detection, and data encryption, which collectively reduce unauthorized access risks while supporting operational efficiency. Findings indicate high data accuracy (0.51% error rate) and low latency (mean of 48.96 ms) across systems; however, processing time variability (standard deviation of 28.61 ms) signals a need for further optimization in time-sensitive environments. The regression analysis of GDPR violations reveals a substantial penalty increase of €53,789.41 per violation, emphasizing the financial risks of non-compliance. Correlation analysis (r = 0.083 for data volume and        governance failures) suggests that external cybersecurity threats have a greater impact on governance than internal metrics, underscoring the importance of adaptive governance frameworks that support both data integrity and regulatory compliance in cloud-native robotics systems.
Regulation of the Gid ubiquitin ligase recognition subunit Gid4
Authors: Menssen Ruth , Bui Kim , Wolf Dieter H.
Published: August 2018

Glucose consumption via glycolysis and its biosynthesis via gluconeogenesis are central reciprocal pathways controlled by a set of different enzymes. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, expression of gluconeogenic enzymes is induced when cells are devoid of glucose. Availability of glucose immediately leads to inactivation and rapid degradation of these enzymes via the ubiquitin proteasome system. Polyubiquitination is carried out by the Gid complex, a multisubunit RING E3 ligase that constitutively consists of six different proteins. Upon addition of glucose to the medium, the substrate recognition subunit Gid4 appears within minutes and triggers ubiquitination of the gluconeogenic enzymes. Here, we show that Gid4 is tightly regulated on the transcriptional and protein level to ensure proper adjustment of gluconeogenesis.
Enhancement of Surface Chemical and Physical Properties of Germanium–Sulfur Thin Film Using a Water‐Supplemented Carbon Dioxide Supercritical Fluid Treatment Technique
Authors: Yang Chih‐Cheng , Chen Po‐Hsun , Shih Chih‐Cheng , Wang Ming‐Hui , Tsai Tsung‐Ming , Zheng Hao‐Xuan , Chen Wen‐Chung , Chen Min‐Chen , Huang Hui‐Chun , Ma Xiao‐Hua , Hao Yue , Huang Jen‐Wei , Sze Simon M. , Chang Ting‐Chang
Published: August 2018

In this study, an oxidation treatment technique suitable for the material and electronic device applications proceeding at low temperature (only 80 °C) and high pressure (3000 psi) utilizing a carbon dioxide (CO2) supercritical fluid (SCF), also known as scCO2, which is supplemented with water molecules, is reported. To demonstrate the possible effects on material and devices for the proposed SCF treatment, an amorphous germanium–sulfur (GeS) thin film and a GeS‐based resistance random access memory (RRAM) device are prepared. After the SCF treatment, electrical measurements confirm that the GeS‐based RRAM device exhibits a lower forming voltage, more stable resistance switching characteristics, and higher concentration distributions of high and low resistance states when compared to the device without SCF treatment. As for the material effects, both chemical and physical properties are examined based on material analyses results. It is concluded that the original amorphous GeS thin film transforms to a polycrystallized GeO film, confirmed by a reaction model for the SCF treatment illustrating possible oxidation and crystallization effects induced by this SCF treatment. This water‐enhanced scCO2 SCF treatment technique, thus, shows its capability as a feasible synthetic method for material modification as well as suitability for device level applications.
Recent Advance in Near‐Infrared (NIR) Imaging Probes for Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Liu Yuxin , Jia Qi , Zhou Jing
Published: August 2018

With the advantages of low biofluid scattering and minimal absorbance, light in a second near‐infrared window (NIR II, 1000–1700 nm) either as a signal or as an excitation source is preferred for bioimaging and disease diagnosis, especially for cancer theranostics. Due to recent advances in chemical synthesis and imaging techniques, various NIR II probes have been evaluated for tumor luminescence image‐guided cancer therapy and surgery. Furthermore, probes emitting optical, acoustic, or thermal signals under NIR II excitation have also been developed for upconversion luminescence, photoacoustic, and photothermal imaging of tumors. Herein, recent advances in the use of NIR II imaging probes in cancer theranostic applications are summarized along with future perspectives.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Tertiary Allylic Fluorides by Iridium‐Catalyzed Allylic Fluoroalkylation
Authors: Butcher Trevor W. , Hartwig John F.
Published: August 2018

Few allylic electrophiles containing two different substituents at a single allyl terminus and none in which one of the two substituents is a heteroatom, have been shown previously to react with iridium catalysts to form substitution products. We report that iridium‐catalysts are uniquely suited to form tertiary allylic fluorides enantioselectively by the addition of a diverse range of carbon‐centered nucleophiles at the fluorine‐containing terminus of 3‐fluoro‐substituted allylic esters. The products contain tertiary stereogenic centers bearing a single fluorine, which are isosteric with common tertiary stereocenters containing a single hydrogen. Computational studies reveal the principal steric interactions influencing the stability of endo and exo π‐allyl intermediates formed from 3,3‐disubstituted allylic electrophiles.
Dendrite‐Free Epitaxial Growth of Lithium Metal during Charging in Li–O2 Batteries
Authors: Xin Xing , Ito Kimihiko , Dutta Arghya , Kubo Yoshimi
Published: August 2018

Lithium (Li) dendrite formation is one of the major hurdles limiting the development of Li‐metal batteries, including Li‐O2 batteries. Herein, we report the first observation of the dendrite‐free epitaxial growth of a Li metal up to 10‐μm thick during charging (plating) in the LiBr‐LiNO3 dual anion electrolyte under O2 atmosphere. This phenomenon is due to the formation of an ultrathin and homogeneous Li2O‐rich solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer in the preceding discharge (stripping) process, where the corrosive nature of Br− seems to give rise to remove the original incompact passivation layer and NO3− oxidizes (passivates) the freshly formed Li surface to prevent further reactions with the electrolyte. Such reactions keep the SEI thin (<100 nm) and facilitates the electropolishing effect and gets ready for the epitaxial electroplating of Li in the following charge process.
Antimonen: von der experimentellen Herstellung zur praktischen Anwendung
Authors: Wang Xin , Song Jun , Qu Junle
Published: August 2018

Von dem zweidimensionalen Material Antimonen wurde erstmals 2015 berichtet. In der Folge wurden seine einzigartigen Eigenschaften, wie verbesserte Stabilität, hohe Trägermobilität und abstimmbare Bandlücke, theoretisch vorhergesagt. Diese theoretischen Ergebnisse motivieren zur experimentellen Bestätigung und damit zum besseren Verständnis dieses neuen Materials. In letzter Zeit haben die Herstellung von Antimonen und sein Einsatz in verschiedenen Anwendungen große Aufmerksamkeit erregt. Dieser Kurzaufsatz befasst sich sowohl mit der experimentellen Herstellung als auch mit der praktischen Anwendung von Antimonen, einschließlich der Ergebnisse neuerer Forschungsarbeiten über neue Methoden zur Herstellung von Antimonen und möglichen Anwendungen in optoelektronischen Bauteilen, Elektrokatalyse, Energiespeicherung und Krebstherapie. Darüber hinaus liefert er Erkenntnisse, die die Herstellung von Antimonen weiter verbessern könnten, und beschreibt zahlreiche Anwendungsmöglichkeiten.
Intramolecular Aryl Migration of Diaryliodonium Salts: Access to ortho‐Iodo Diaryl Ethers
Authors: Chen Huangguan , Han Jianwei , Wang Limin
Published: August 2018

By using vicinal trifluoromethanesulfonate‐substituted diaryliodonium salts, a novel approach was developed for the synthesis of ortho‐iodo diaryl ethers by intramolecular aryl migration. The reaction conditions are mild with a broad substrate scope. Mechanistic insight suggests a sulfonyl‐directed nucleophilic aromatic substitution pathway. Additionally, the product ortho‐iodo diaryl ethers serve as versatile synthons as demonstrated with several coupling reactions. Furthermore, a useful thyroxine analogue of the 3‐iodo‐l‐thyronine (3‐T1) derivative was synthesized by this aryl migration procedure.
Reconnecting Fathers with Their Children: The Need to Directly Confront the Political and Structural Barriers for Successful Re‐integration
Authors: Tsarenko Anastasiia , Cooper Daniel , Viola Judah , Olson Bradley
Published: August 2018

Key principles and theories in community psychology are used as a lens to analyse some of the ways social ecological factors impact low‐income fathers and their families. The US opioid crisis is often discussed as a public health crisis mostly affecting white populations, yet people of colour are nonetheless strongly impacted, especially in terms of contact with the criminal justice system. Punitive approaches to managing substance use have created myriad challenges for low‐income families of colour. The authors discuss the Fatherhood in Action (FIA) program in Chicago that provides individual training to support men in improving their relationships with their children. The program aims to re‐integrate formerly justice system‐involved men into communities to enhance the contributions they make to their families and broader communities. Preliminary results point to promising program effects related to individual and community empowerment. At the same time, the paper discusses the need to work on broader liberatory approaches with participants, in addition to structural change efforts, to ultimately confront the injustices in the broader political system. The racialised effects of the criminal justice system create challenges for fathers, as well as mothers and children, that cannot be easily overcome through programmatic solutions. The examination of these different approaches and levels utilises Rappaport's empowerment theory (1987), Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory (1979), and others.
Fabrication of polyaniline/copper sulfide/poly(ethylene terephthalate) thread electrode for flexible fiber‐shaped supercapacitors
Authors: Ba Yuerong , Zhou Shaojie , Jiao Shanshan , Pan Wei
Published: August 2018

Fiber‐shaped supercapacitors have drawn much attention for their great potential application in future portable and wearable electronics because of their outstanding flexibility, tiny volume, and good deformability. In this work, commercial poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) thread was successfully converted into an electrically conductive and electrochemically active thread by introducing copper sulfide (CuS) and polyaniline (PANI) via simple chemical bath deposition and electrochemical deposition. The obtained PANI/CuS/PET electrode combined all the advantages of PET, CuS, and PANI, showing an excellent physical and electrochemical performance. The fiber‐shaped supercapacitor exhibits a high specific capacitance of 29 mF cm−2 (116 mF cm−2 for a single electrode) and good cycling stability with 93.1% retention after 1000 cycles. With the simple preparation method and low‐cost raw materials, this strategy provides a reference for the fabrication of portable/wearable energy storage devices. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46769.