bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
一位蝶鞍空洞症病人呈現反覆眩暈、耳鳴表現及合併術後鼻漏的照護經驗分享
Authors: 張彥清 張彥清 , Yen-Ching Chang 劉淑芬 , Shu-Fen Liu 許庭綾 , Ting-Ling Hsu 湯其暾 , Chi-Tun Tang 朱大同
Published: February 2022

本案例為一名56歲女性因反覆眩暈及耳鳴，經檢查後初步診斷為良性陣發性姿勢性眩暈（Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo, BPPV），接受右耳耳石復位術（Canalith Reposition Procedure），然而，隨著病程進展，接續出現關鍵性的前額眉心處的頭痛及視力模糊的症狀，藉由詳細地病史詢問、身體評估、及相關的檢驗及影像檢查，採用排除及納入相關診斷的鑑別過程，最後確診為蝶鞍空洞症，在詳細地病情解釋後，病人接受經鼻腔內視鏡蝶竇蝶鞍減壓併自體脂肪填充及鼻中隔皮瓣重建手術。不幸地，術後產生腦脊髓液鼻漏的併發症，在及時地重新評估、鑑別診斷及處置，有效的控制併發症避免神經功能惡化，最後病人順利出院，因此引發筆者撰寫動機，期望分享此病例照護經驗，提醒同仁臨床照護病人時需要時刻保持警覺，確保病人回復健康。

 

The case in this study is a 56-year-old woman who was initially diagnosed with benign paroxysmal postural dizziness because of repeated vertigo and tinnitus after serial examinations. She underwent reduction of otolith of right ear (Canalith Reposition Procedure). However, her symptoms remained and subsequent symptoms of frontal headache and blurred vision occurred. Although symptoms such as vertigo, tinnitus, and headache are common in Meniere’s disease, benign paroxysmal postural vertigo (BPPV), cerebral infarction, etc. eventually we revised the diagnosis to the Empty Sella Syndrome through detailed inquiry of medical history, physical assessment, and image examinations.After well-addressed explanation of the clinical condition, the patient received endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal approach and packing sella with autologous fat, reconstruction by cartilage and nasal septal flap. Unfortunately, the sequel of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea occurred after the operation. By promptly reassessment, differential diagnosis with proper treatment, the complication was effectively controlled to avoid neurological deterioration, and the patient was discharged without further complication. I sincerely share the experience of this specific case with my colleagues. Keeping vigilant in clinical care of patients to ensure they could return to health.

 
Lettere
Authors:   Medico e Bambino
Published: February 2022

“Return to play” dopo Covid-19 per attività sportiva agonistica non professionistica: richiesta di chiarimenti - La mia canzone preferita - Ricordo di Rolando Cimaz
Adozioni e ADHD: quando si aprono le porte
Authors: Skabar Aldo
Published: February 2022

A four-year old girl is evaluated for 8 recurrent episodes of perineal bleeding of undefined origin appeared six months before. Physical examination is normal except for a small anal fissure and a mild congestion of external haemorrhoids during Valsalva manoeuvre. Different diagnostic hypotheses and treatment options are discussed.
Types of Fractures in Cranial Vault Followed by a Head Injury: A Retrospective Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Shah Syed Aamir , Khan Faizullah , Rahman Zia Ur , Yadav Pradhumna Kumar , Khan Fahad Ali , Anees Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Aim: To assess the types of fracture of cranial vault followed by head injury. Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study Place and duration: This study was conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad, Pakistan from June 2020 to June 2021. Methodology: A total of 125 patients with head injury were considered in this study. Total 69 (55.2%) patients were from rural areas and 56 (44.8%) were from urban areas. Types of cranial vault fractures, their radiological findings and cause of injury were analyzed. Result: Out of 125 patients, 102 were identified with severe head injuries. 53 (42.4%) had a fracture in the frontal bone. 49 (39.2%) patients had got injured due to violent assault. Conclusion: Most of the patients who had received a head injury and frontal bone fracture were from rural areas. The most commonly fractured bone in these cases is the frontal bone. The commonest cause of injury in the head was a violent assault. Keywords: Head injury, cranial vault fracture, frontal bone fracture, violent assault
Evaluation of Peak Expiratory Flow Rates (Pefr) among Healthy Children of Khairpur Mir’s City of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bhanbhro Bakhtiar Ahmed , Memon Naseer Ahmed , Ali Kamran , Khuhro Asif Ali , Bahalkani Ubedullah , Munir Misbah
Published: February 2022

Aim:To assess the peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR) among healthy children aged 6 to 12 years Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration: This Study was conducted at Gambat Medical College Khairpur Mir’s, Pakistan from April 2019 to March 2020. Methodology: A study using a random sampling technique was conducted in primary schools. Healthy school children of either gender ages 6 to 12 years were enrolled in the study. An EU scale peak flow meter measured PEFR (60-800 l/min). While standing, their PEFR was determined. A total of three readings were taken, with the highest value being recorded. SPSS version 21 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Boys made up 56.15 percent (n=278) of the 495 participants. PEFR was measured at a minimum of 6 years old and a maximum of 12 years old in both genders. Boys aged 6 to 12 years had a PEFR of 179.71 ± 30.67 (L/Min), whereas girls had a PEFR of 159.15 ± 25.77 (L/Min). There was no discernible difference between genders and age categories (t=0.912, P=0.189). Conclusion: Mean PEFR values may vary between gender and age. PEFR results from this study can be utilized as a clinical reference for children aged 6 to 12 years of age. Clinicians can use these PEFR values to measure lung function and airway obstruction in this population subset. Keywords: Age, Gender, Lung Function Test, Peak Expiratory Flow Rates
A Study of Social and Educational Lives of Food Insecure Children in Slum Areas of Multan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ajmal , Afzal Saima , Safian Abou , , Saeed Uzma , Gillani Syed Muhammad Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Food is necessary for all humans on our planet. Food insecurity has become a worldwide problem. The survey's goals were to learn about children's eating habits, current rate of food insecurity, and the link between food insecurity and children's academic and social lives. The survey's target demographic consisted of guardians who had at least one kid between the ages of 4 and 12 who attended school. The researcher drew a sample of 385 people from Multan's slum communities. The multi-stage cluster and purposive sampling techniques were utilized by the researcher. The information was gathered using an interview schedule. The findings revealed a strong connection, implying that food insecurity has an impact on kid's social and academic lives. The researcher advised that authorities and the government should implement measures that eradicate poverty and increase food security. It was also suggested that additional study be conducted in the area of food insecurity, putting precise and detailed information on a variety of issues such as government policies, climate and weather, catastrophes, climatic conditions, and other factors impacting food poverty into account. Key Words: social life, educational life, Academic Performance, food insecurity, food pattern.
Soft Tissue Lip Profile with Steiner(S) and Ricketts (E) Lip Analysis in Patient’s with Skeletal and Dental Class I Occlusion
Authors: Rahoojo Almas , Naz Samreen , Rahoojo Mansoor Ahmed , Memon Abdul Bari , . Sandeep , Muhammad Rahoojo Ali
Published: February 2022

Objective: To determine the soft tissue lip profile with Steiner (S) and Ricketts (E) lip analysis in patients with skeletal and dental class i occlusion at LUMHS Methodology: This descriptive study was done at department of Orthodontic, Liaquat University of medical and health sciences Jamshoro/Hyderabad, from august 2014 to august 2015. Individuals having age range of 18–30 years with dental and skeletal occlusion class I, competent lips involving facial profile, without history of preceding orthodontic treatment, mal and crowded aligned teeth and either of gender were included. To evaluate hard soft and tissue lip profile, the cephalometric analysis was done using radiographs, traced manually on matte acetate sheets with thicknesses of 0.003, measurements of 8x10 under direct inspection on an illuminator. SPSS version 26 was used for data analyzed. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in the study their average age was 22±1.2 years. Males were 41% and females were 59%. The overall average of SNA angle was 81.866±1.199 and average of SNB angle was 80.667 ±1.27. Average of ANB angle, S line to upper lip, S line to the lower lip and E line to upper lip were 1.167 ±1.028, 1.067 ±1.006 mm, 1.917±1.369 mm, and 3.2±1.96 mm, respectively, while average of lower lip was 2.80+2.83. Conclusion: In terms of soft tissue lip profile with Ricketts (E) and Steiner (S) lip analysis among patients with dental and skeletal occlusion class I, the Antero-posterior position of lower and upper lip regarding E-line was 2.80 +2.83mm and 3.2+1.96 mm, respectively, and Antero-posterior position of lower and upper lip regarding S-line was 2.16+1.34mm and 1.30+1.019 mm, respectively. According to gender, there was statistically no significant variance. Keywords: Lip profile, skeletal, dental, occlusion class I
Causes of Drug Addiction in District Faisalabad
Authors: Ghaus Ghulam , Saeed Rubana , Begum Amreena , Raza Hafiz Ali , Ramzan Hafiza Sobia , Boye Mortala , Irshad Inam , Ishtiaq Asma
Published: February 2022

Drug addiction has become one of the world major issue in modern times. It is a chronic neurological disorder that affects almost everyone differently. The main purpose of the study was to investigate the main causes of drug addiction. For this purpose, 120 respondents were selected as a sample by using the snowball sampling technique. Data were collected by using face to face interview schedule. The majority of the respondents were unemployed. According to the reasons for using drugs, 33.3% of the respondents used drugs due to social causes. Majority of the respondents 54.2% used drugs through the cigarette. The majority 84.2% of the respondents reported that their bad company was responsible. Results indicated that friends, society and bad company were the main causes of drug addiction. Keywords: Drug Addiction, Social Causes, Bad Company, Socio Isolation.
Behavioral Enrichment for Mammals
Authors: Woltman Sandy
Published: February 2022

Behavioral or environmental enrichment that serves to increase the psychological well being of an animal has become as important as proper diet and veterinary care for wild animals in captivity. Enrichment provides positive mental stimulation so that these animals do not become bored in the same environment day after day. It helps prevent injuries by providing safe activities as alternatives to escape attempts or destructive behavior, and it decreases the likelihood of other abnormal, stereotypical behaviors. Without proper stimulation, captive animals often dig, pace, become aggressive toward cagemates, and even self–mutilate. Combining plants and animals decreases stress and encourages natural behaviors, including foraging for food. New and innovative ideas in food presentation, toys, cage furniture, and nesting materials are important in enhancing the lives of animals while they are in the care of wildlife rehabilitators.
Postmodernizm i religia wobec rozumu — uwagi krytyczne na temat ujęcia Gellnera
Authors: Kurkowski Bartosz
Published: February 2022

Religia, rozum i postmodernizm wskazują na różnego rodzaju postawy wobec świata, przede wszystkim w wymiarze poznawczym. W książce Postmodernizm, rozum i religia Ernest Gellner przedstawił ich charakterystykę, samemu określając się jako zwolennik oświeceniowego rozumu. W związku z tym rozum został przez niego ukazany w jak najlepszym świetle. Zapożycza on to, co dobre z religii i postmodernizmu, oraz odrzuca ich złe elementy. Choć we wstępie Gellner przyznał, że każda para w obrębie tych trzech postaw posiada pewne cechy wspólne, to jednak w dalszej części rozważań traktował postmodernizm i religię jakby stanowiły dwa krańce spektrum, w środku którego jest rozum. Nie poświęcił również uwagi cechom wspólnym religii i postmodernizmu, które jednocześnie są niezgodne z niektórymi postulatami oświeceniowego racjonalizmu. W niniejszej pracy przywołano kilka wybranych tego typu wątków w kontekście języka, metodologii nauk oraz wybranych szkół psychologii dwudziestego wieku. Za pomocą przeprowadzonej analizy pokazano, że religia posiada istotne cechy wspólne z postmodernizmem, których nie podziela z rozumem, oraz jednocześnie posiada cechy wspólne z rozumem, których nie dzieli z postmodernizmem. Uzyskana w ten sposób perspektywa stanowi kontrpropozycję dla ujęcia Gellnera, w którym racjonalizm miał jawić się jako zbalansowane i umiarkowane stanowisko usytuowane pomiędzy przeciwległymi sobie skrajnościami religii i postmodernizmu.
tensión entre los métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos en educación: el papel de las revistas científicas
Authors: Montes-Iturrizaga Iván
Published: February 2022

El enfrentamiento entre los métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos de investigación, al interior de las ciencias de la educación y las ciencias sociales, ha sido muy bien descrita por Cook y Reichardt (1989) en su célebre texto titulado Hacia la superación del enfrentamiento entre los métodos cualitativos y los cuantitativos. De ahí en adelante, estos dos autores -entre otros más- se han constituido como referentes relevantes para los ensayos que abordan esta tensión aún existente incluso en universidades de gran renombre del mundo desarrollado.
Relación entre factores psicosociales y el clima laboral en los integrantes de una orquesta sinfónica del Perú
Authors: Medina Paredes Anthony Cristian
Published: February 2022

Esta investigación pretende hallar la influencia de los factores psicosociales considerados en el clima laboral; estableciéndose la hipótesis de que los factores psicosociales en estudio influyen significativamente en la percepción del clima laboral en una organización musical sin fines de lucro. Para este propósito se asumió una investigación observacional, cuantitativa, de corte transeccional y correlacional. Se estudió a una población de 41 músicos integrantes de una Orquesta Sinfónica del Sur del Perú. Los resultados de la investigación dan a conocer que existe una correlación positiva, moderada y significativa.
A framework for analysing the local authorities tourism planning in Ireland: A socio-cultural perspective
Authors: Hanrahan James , McLoughlin Emmet
Published: February 2022

Tourism inevitably takes people to new places while broadening their perception and knowledge of different cultures and environments. This informative process is an important function of the tourism industry. This study reports on results that form part a postgraduate research thesis, on the levels of planning for the socio-cultural impacts of tourism by local uuthorities in Ireland. Drawing on the theme of sustainable planning for tourism, the authors discuss the concept of socio-cultural sustainability as conveyed by current literature. In addition, the authors investigated every Irish Local Authority County Development Plan (CDP’s), utilising a content analysis approach to identify the level of planning for the socio-cultural impacts of tourism in 2014. CDP’s were found to lack any integration of sustainable tourism indicators, along with any codes of conduct for best practice. Also few local authorities were found to be supporting or implementing tourism certification schemes. All of which local authorities could use to improve their tourism plans from a socio-cultural perspective.
Community involvement and sustainable rural tourism development: perspectives from the local communities
Authors: Fong Sook-Fun , Lo May-Chiun
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between local communities’ involvement and sustainable rural tourism development in the existing tourism industry in Kuching namely, Kampung Annah Rais and Kampung Darul Islam Belimbing. In tourism industry, the way how tourism stakeholders are pleased with mass tourism have been deeply affecting the achievement of sustainable rural tourism development. A questionnaire survey was carried out among the local communities who are currently staying and have been staying in these rural tourism destinations for more than a year. A sample of 113 usable questionnaires was obtained. Four hypotheses were developed regarding the effects of participation in decision making, knowledge sharing, empowerment, and community knowledge about tourism on social, cultural, economic, and environmental sustainability. The findings suggest that local communities’ participation in decision making, empowerment, and community knowledge about tourism do affect the sustainability of rural tourism development. Interestingly, findings indicated that knowledge sharing does not show positive relationship on sustainable rural tourism development. It is believed that poor relationship among the tourism stakeholders influences the effectiveness of knowledge sharing. Suggestions for practical implications and future research are discussed further.
A confirmation of the four-component structure of destination image, and their relationships with tourists’ loyalty
Authors: Nghiêm-Phú Bình
Published: February 2022

Within the study on destination image, one of the issues remain unsatisfactorily addressed is the structure of the construct. Based on the existing literature, this study retests the cognitive-affective structure of destination image, with the cognitive component constructed by the tangible (functional), intangible (psychological), and mixed attributes. In addition, it reconfirms the importance of destination image as an antecedent of tourists’ loyalty to a destination with the application of the four-component structure of destination image. Using the data collected from international tourists to Vietnam and applying the structural equation modelling method, this study revealed that destination image could be structured by the functional, psychological, mixed, and affective components. All of these components could significantly predict tourists’ loyalty; however, the impact of the affective component was the largest. Theoretical implication for psychology-based marketing, and managerial implication for the projection and communication of Vietnam’s image were discussed.
Key destination attributes of behavioural intention: An application of neural networks
Authors: Silva Maria , Albayrak Tahir , Caber Meltem , Moutinho Luiz
Published: February 2022

In the tourism literature artificial neural networks (ANNs) are mainly employed in forecasting and market segmentation. Hitherto, no existing research applies ANNs in assessing the effect of destination attributes on customer behavioural intention. Thus, the aim of this study is to identify the main destination attributes, and to evaluate the effects of these attributes, customer satisfaction and perceived value on behavioural intention by using ANNs. Data obtained from 332 foreign tourists visiting Antalya-Turkey were analyzed for exploring the relationships among the research variables. ANN results show that five explanatory variables (shopping, transportation, accommodation, customer satisfaction, perceived value), which are the input nodes, correspond to output node of behavioural intention. Findings indicate the role of value perception and the importance of the basic functional attributes in the formation of behavioural intention, and the strength of ANNs in terms of exploration and prediction of tourist behaviour against regression analysis.
Tourism research in the German Democratic Republic
Authors: Spode Hasso , Irmscher Gerlinde
Published: February 2022

So far, East German tourism research has been studied little by the history of science. Tourism science saw the light of day around 1930 in Berlin. During the Cold War, in the GDR it gained a notable quantitative extent that finally equalled the research in the ‘capitalist’ part of Germany. Initially, theoretical questions played a prominent role, but then – like in the West – tourism science became a strictly applied discipline. Part and parcel of the planned economy, its focus was on the parastatal social tourism: holiday making was seen as a means to improve the health of the ‘workers and farmers’ through ‘recreation’ and – unspoken – as a means to stabilize the political system. Thus, it became a centrepiece of consumer policy (like in Nazi times). Research successfully helped to steer and expand the ‘recreational system’. However, demand grew faster than supply and, even worse, people remained cut off from the glittering West. Despite vast subsidies and very high travel intensity, discontentment with travel opportunities reached a level that essentially contributed to the collapse of the GDR in 1989. Tourism researchers warned from that growing tide of discontentment and left no stone unturned – in vain.
Investigating Tourists’ Destination Choices – An Application of Network Analysis
Authors: Karl Marion , Reintinger Christine
Published: February 2022

A better understanding of the complex destination choice process is highly relevant, both for academia and practice. Tourism research tends to focus either on actually executed or hypothetical destination choices. However, a discrepancy exists between these two types of destination choices which has hardly been investigated. Moreover, past research often studies tourists and their attitudes, needs or perceptions of destinations but not how destinations’ attributes affect destination choices. To approach these two research gaps, this study concentrates not only on actual but also on hypothetical destination choices to better understand differences in the evaluation of alternative destinations. This study furthermore examines the role of the destination itself to discover the influence of destination characteristics on destination choices. Therefore, network analysis and set theory are combined in a new research approach which allows to analyse destination choices with varying closeness to reality whilst preserving destination information. The analysis is based on a quantitative survey of German tourists’ travel decision-making behaviour. The results reveal changes in destination choices from multidimensional hypothetical choices to unidimensional actual and past choices. Furthermore, only few destinations have a consistent position whilst most destinations are either more relevant for hypothetical or actual destination choices.
Sports Recreation in Tourist Context: Alentejo Coasts Resorts Case Study
Authors: Mascarenhas Margarida , Silva Rita , Pereira Elsa
Published: February 2022

The new sporting era in which we are living has new forms, new contexts and values, and a growing demand for evasion, wellbeing and health, and new experiences. In this leisure environment, favorable to sports practice, there has been an increase in the number of resorts in Portugal offering a range of sport services to its customers in accordance with their wishes. In this context, the main goal of this research is centered on the general characterization of the sports animation services offered by resorts in the Alentejo Coast. A qualitative research approach was used, in which content analysis was the chosen data analysis method; a semi-structured interview was the tool for data collection. The results show that the services of sporting activities in resorts located in this region are still underdeveloped. The majority of such resorts has a small amount of services, equipment and human resources. The search for these services is meager, despite their gratuitousness nature. In spite of the reduced offer of the sports animation services, the resorts’ managers state that in a recent future there won’t be new investments in the area, since the offer now satisfies the actual level of demand.
Backpackers’ contribution to development and poverty alleviation: myth or reality? A critical review of the literature and directions for future research
Authors: Martins Márcio , Costa Rui
Published: February 2022

Due to its great diversity and characteristics, backpackers can increase business opportunities in many destinations that decide to invest on their promotion. Those responsible for destinations planning and management will be able to conduct marketing strategies to segments that are best adapted to local or regional reality, bringing with it, important competitive advantages. It can be promoted not only in regions where the tourism sector is already well established and developed but also in more peripheral regions usually in the margins of the main tourist flows. This paper aims to present and discuss the backpacker tourism contribution to development and poverty alleviation, emphasising some theoretical aspects related to concepts, constructs and methodological options used in articles published in Scopus platform. A systematic review of literature and a qualitative and quantitative analysis were made. In a first stage data compilation and quantitative analysis of scientific articles published in Scopus database since 1960 was carried out. In a second stage, a qualitative analysis was performed. Despite few exceptions, the majority of governments worldwide continue to ignore backpacker tourism. It was confirmed the lack of quantitative studies that demonstrate, objectively, the economic impact of backpackers and it is suggested the need of quantitative data collected and analysed by statistical official agencies.
Co-Designing Smart Tourism
Authors: Liburd Janne , Nielsen Tanja , Heape Chris
Published: February 2022

Emerging theories of smart tourism are chiefly concerned with how Internet Communication Technology and Big Data can influence marketing, product and destination development. The risk being that an overt focus on formal outcomes, namely technology, products and services, diverts attention from how things and operations are actually achieved. This paper challenges the notions of smart and value co-creation by introducing tourism co-design as a learning and experiment driven development process. Tourism co-design leverages the communicative interaction between people and enables tourism operators to change their practices. Based on fieldwork in the northern part of Denmark we explore how smart tourism can become smarter through tourism co-design processes. We argue that a shift is needed from: How can we efficiently achieve a more or less known goal? To: How can we effectively explore and give sense to something new and engage in processes that encourage the new to emerge? Tourism co-design enables values to transpire at multiple levels and engenders unknown possibilities that inform how smart tourism may be operationalised.
How do education and training policies determine customer satisfaction and hotels’ performance?
Authors: Stavrinoudis Theodoros , Psimoulis Moschos
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this manuscript is to investigate the effect of education and training policies, applicable to hotel employees, on customer satisfaction, HRM performance and perceived financial performance. Based on an extensive literature review, the authors conducted a primary research, using a structured questionnaire which was distributed to the HR managers of hotels. The research proved the positive correlation between education- training policies and customer satisfaction, partially by strengthening the loyalty of HR. The adoption of appropriate educational methods significantly enhances the HRM performance and improves the overall economic performance of hotels. The prerequisite for the successful implementation of education- training policies are the effective training needs analysis and the formulation of appropriate training objectives. The manuscript contributes to the theoretical and empirical knowledge of the importance of education and training policies in the hospitality industry by reaching scientific conclusions and making recommendations to the hotel managers. It can also work as a basis for future research which will focus on connecting business strategies with education- training policies.
Encounter norms among visitors at a national park in Turkey
Authors: Bingül Meryem , Vaske Jerry , Donnelly Maureen
Published: February 2022

This article examined response format effects on norm prevalence (i.e., the percent of individuals who could specify a norm). Data were collected in Dilek Peninsula Büyük Menderes Delta National Park, in Turkey. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. In the “semi-open” response format, respondents (n = 458) “wrote a number” for an acceptable number of visitor encounters. In the “closed” format, respondents (n = 459) “circled a number” of acceptable encounters, along a range of possible responses. Results showed that encounter norm prevalence was significantly and consistently higher for the closed format of the survey, as compared to the semi-open version. In addition, among those reporting a norm, the average tolerance levels were statistically higher in the semi-open format. Implications for applying the normative approach across different cultures are discussed.
Development of rural accommodation selection criteria: The case of South Korea
Authors: Choo Seung-Woo , Lee Kwang-Ho , Park Jeong-Yeol
Published: February 2022

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Food souvenirs and their influence on tourist satisfaction and behavioural intentions
Authors: Suhartanto Dwi , Dean David , Sosianika Adila , Suhaeni Tintin
Published: February 2022

Food souvenirs are tangible reminders of a travel destination and play an important role in the hospitality and tourism industry. However, little research has been devoted to the definition, attributes, and impact of food souvenirs on tourist attitudes, and post-purchase behavioural intentions, which consists of intention to repurchase, recommend, say something positive, and repurchase even if the price increased. In a response to the identified gap, this study inspects the dimensions of food souvenirs and assesses its impact on tourist satisfaction and behavioural intentions. This study applies exploratory factor analysis to identify the dimensions of food souvenirs and uses multiple regression to assess the association between these food souvenir dimensions and tourist satisfaction and post purchase intensions. The data was collected from 252 domestic tourists in Bandung, Indonesia. The factor analysis produced five dimensions of food souvenirs, including brand and packaging, uniqueness, food quality, authenticity, and taste/value. Among these dimensions; uniqueness, authenticity, taste/value are important determinants of satisfaction with food souvenir itself, but also with behavioural intentions. Further, this study reveals that satisfaction with food souvenir is a critical driver of tourist satisfaction with visiting the destination. These results offer an opportunity for retail businesses managers and destination organisation managers to develop strategy to satisfy tourists by providing unique and locally symbolic food souvenirs.
Tourism development in the state of Kerala, India: a study of destination attractiveness
Authors: Edward Manoj , George Babu
Published: February 2022

This paper describes the context and framework for assessing destination attractiveness of Kerala, an emerging tourism destination in a developing country. The study reveals its strengths and weaknesses from the demand side perspective and suggests a number of valuable implications for destination marketing efforts. Comparing an array of attractions and experience elements for the destination of Kerala, the analysis highlights the importance of specific destination attraction elements as core appeals of the destination. The analysis provides a solid theoretical rationale for the spectacular performance of Kerala tourism in recent years across a number of fronts. However, negative gaps have been observed for a few vital attraction elements, broadly suggesting the need for modifying area specific development efforts to enhance the tourists experience with these attraction elements. Based on the findings of the study, the need for a moderately different emphasis in guiding both the product and promotional development activities were identified. In addition, this paper gives a glance into the development and prospects of tourism in the state of Kerala.
A customer feedback sentiment dictionary: Towards automatic assessment of online reviews
Authors: Tetzlaff Laurens , Rulle Katrin , Szepannek Gero , Gronau Werner
Published: February 2022

This paper aims at creating a tool to automatically extract online customer reviews of hospitality businesses and to assign a reliable score to them, based on a specifically created sentiment dictionary for this purpose by means of a statistical learning method. The effect of the amount of available training data and their resulting dictionaries is investigated. As such, a practical approach for applying LASSO regression in the context of online hospitality reviews is presented resulting in a sentiment dictionary of 778 terms with their associated weights trained on 20 000 reviews. It is shown that the created dictionary is able to accurately predict online review scores set by consumers, therefore highlighting the practical relevance of the proposed approach.
The transition of governance approaches to rural tourism in Southern Morocco
Authors: Kagermeier Andreas , Amzil Lahoucine , Elfasskaoui Brahim
Published: February 2022

In the Global South traditional hierarchical steering modes are still quite widespread. The significantly changing conditions of competition in recent decades have boosted the need for innovation in tourism. As such, the core challenge for tourism development in many countries of the Global South has been to attain an innovation-based orientation by using stimuli from destination governance. This article is an attempt to analyse the factors that might facilitate the diffusion of an innovation-based orientation. As a basic hypothesis, the article adopts the “counter-flow principle”, with exchange between different spheres as stimuli for innovation. Taking the Souss-Massa region in Southern Morocco as a case study, the paper describes an analysis of the positions of public and private stakeholders as well as civil society organisations. The main question is what kind of relationship between the stakeholders would foster effective governance processes among local, regional and (inter-)national stakeholders. One of the major constraints seems to be that existing public governance conditions concerning the fostering of private activities limit the implementation of an innovation-oriented range of rural tourism options. The paper then examines such limitations and constraints of existing governance structures, which lead to the suboptimal performance and effectiveness of (mainly) top-down approaches.
A conceptual justification and a strategy to advance community-based tourism development
Authors: Giampiccoli Andrea
Published: February 2022

Inequality is growing across the globe. Tourism, as a major global sector with exceptional historical potential for growth and reach, is capable of substantially contributing to the fight against inequality. However, the current system is not doing so. This article, therefore, argues that community-based tourism (CBT) could equally contribute to reducing inequality and complement efforts towards redistribution. Based on extant literature and documents, this article aims to contribute knowledge on the relationship between tourism and development by justifying the CBT approach as one that favours redistribution. The article makes recommendations in support of the shift towards CBT principles.
How can researchers track tourists? A bibliometric content analysis of tourist tracking techniques
Authors: Padrón-Ávila Hugo , Hernández-Martín Raúl
Published: February 2022

In this study, an identification of tourist tracking techniques, their evolution, advantages and disadvantages is made to help researchers decide which techniques to use. First, a literature review is carried out to explain how current tracking techniques work and what information can be obtained through their use. A total of 31 different tracking techniques were found. Afterwards, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to gather data regarding studies published on tourist tracking, the evolution of these studies and the most used techniques. To do so, all empirical contributions using tourist tracking techniques found in Scopus were considered for the analysis. Results point that geolocation-based techniques currently are the most frequently used ones to track tourists. Techniques such as the direct observation of tourists were the first techniques used in tourism research but are currently in disuse. Finally, based on a further literature review, the main advantages and disadvantages of the techniques found are highlighted. The study has implications for researchers interested in tracking tourists to study their behaviour and mobility patterns. It can be also used by destination managers willing to gather data of tourists to better understand tourism activity and industry.
Motivations for sharing negative experiences through online review sites among different generations
Authors: Ažić Marina , Bačić Petra
Published: February 2022

This research paper focuses primarily on the psychological aspects of dissatisfied tourists and their inner motivations to share negative online reviews (NORs). More precisely, the purpose of this research is to reveal how motivation to share NORs driven by dissatisfaction with the handling of complaints influences the perceived importance and usefulness of online review sites and the willingness to share information with others (altruism). The study also aims to understand differences among generations on both the model level and the path level. To meet study objectives, this paper includes descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses on a sample of 419 respondents. Results show that motivation to share online reviews driven by dissatisfaction with complaint handling is an important predictor of altruism and utility. Moreover, utility has a positive influence on the perception of importance and altruism.
The link between servant leadership, career adaptability, job embeddedness, and lateness attitude
Authors: Safavi Homayoun Pasha , Bouzari Mona
Published: February 2022

Referring to career construction theory and job embeddedness theory, the purpose of this investigation is to understand the link between servant leadership, career adaptability, job embeddedness and lateness attitude. In this relation, career adaptability mediates the relationship between servant leadership and job embeddedness and job embeddedness is a mediator between career adaptability and lateness attitude. Data was gathered from 193 employees in four and five- star hotels in North Cyprus. Finding proved that servant leaders can promote the concept of adaptability among the employees. Adaptable employees will be embedded in their organization and theses embedded employees would show lower lateness attitude. Implications, limitations, and future research directions are also discussed.
“It’s nice when they speak back to you in Chinese!” Insights into linguistic accommodation in language travel
Authors: Carvalho Inês
Published: February 2022

Linguistic accommodation is a topic as quotidian in tourism practice, as neglected in tourism literature. The purpose of this research note is to bring some insights into the nature of linguistic accommodation among a group of language travelers, using the lens of serious leisure (Stebbins, 1982). These travelers tend to have atypical patterns of linguistic accommodation, since they struggle to accommodate linguistically to locals, instead of expecting locals to accommodate to them. Although the struggle to accommodate may entail frustrations, it also leads to a sense of achievement.
Intention to visit a destination from the perspective of Broken Windows theory
Authors: Akkuş Gülşah , Arslan Aytuğ
Published: February 2022

Tourism activities inherently require safe and secure environments. The Broken Windows Theory puts forward the notion that, in time, small-scale disorders in the region transform into major crimes. These disorders could also hinder tourism activities by paving the way for the convenient condition of crime and creating fear of offense among prospective visitors. In this study, Kadifekale in the province of İzmir which has the potential of being part of a cultural route is evaluated through the Broken Windows Theory. Within the scope of this study, the physical and social disorder around the castle, fear of crime, and fear of visit were investigated through Partial Least Squares based Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to reveal whether they have impacts on the intention to visit and recommendation. Fear of visit which is predominantly shaped by perceived disorders and fear of crime causes negative impacts on the intentions of potential tourists.
A collaborative approach in tourism planning: The case of Tuscany region
Authors: Gori Elena , Fissi Silvia , Romolini Alberto
Published: February 2022

Community collaboration and participation are necessary to strengthen the effectiveness of tourism policy. This article aims to examine the tourism planning activity of public administration in fostering a collaborative approach. The article contributes to the debate on collaborative approach in tourism from the perspective of public administration. The research uses a case study and examines how Tuscany region applies a collaborative tourism planning approach using the Habermasian framework. Results underline the fundamental role of local government can be strengthened by an extensive stakeholder engagement process able to encourage broad representation and trust of stakeholder interest about public policies. Moreover, the collaborative approach by mixing the different point of view of stakeholders, produces a range of positive outcomes and increases the efficacy of tourism policies. However, the realization of the “ideal speech situation” is very difficult and may be undermined by the threatens highlighted in the study, such as the lack of financial resources, the claim to more homogeneous policies to increase tourism trends, the need to improve trust and collaboration between public and private, the difficulties in maintaining high level of attention and the widespread scepticism about the capability of public entities to understand priorities in defining tourism policies.
Exploring mass tourism impacts on locals: A comparative analysis between Barcelona and Sevilla
Authors: Hernandez-Maskivker Gilda , Fornells Albert , Teixido-Navarro Francesc , Pulido Juan
Published: February 2022

Mass tourism is growing uncontrolled in many destinations worldwide. Negative impacts emerge from it, transforming the city and influencing on locals’ lifestyle and well-being. However, debates and contradictions emerge on the real impact on communities. From that, a deeper analysis of this issue is needed to understand how people perceive tourism and its effects. A quantitative study was conducted in two mature destinations in Spain: Barcelona and Sevilla. One of the major findings from this research is the importance of locals’ support to manage tourism. Practical and managerial implications are suggested in order to promote more sustainable and participative development of destinations.
Residents’ attitudes towards nightlife supply: A comparison of Ibiza (Spain) and Punta del Este (Uruguay)
Authors: Ramón-Cardona José , Álvarez-Bassi Daniel , María Dolores Sánchez-Fernández María
Published: February 2022

In coastal tourist destinations, there is nightlife, in addition to daytime leisure. For tourism development, it is of great relevance to take into account the resident population and their attitudes. In this paper, a comparison is made between Ibiza (Spain) and Punta del Este (Uruguay) in relation to the residents’ attitudes towards nightlife. Specifically, the comparison is made by a descending cluster analysis, generating four groups of residents according to their attitudes (Enthusiasts, Moderates, Critics, and Negatives), and the distribution of these groups in the two regions is then compared. The most notable result is that the degree of acceptance of nightlife is low in both cases, possibly due to the problems attributed to it, but the score is slightly higher in the case of Punta del Este. In addition, the profile of those opposed to nightlife is different: In Ibiza, Critics predominate, with a generally contrary response, but recognizing positive elements, whilst in Punta del Este, Negatives predominate, with systematically negative responses to all items.
Tourism destination competitiveness: the french regions case
Authors: Botti L. , Peypoch N. , Robinot E. , Solonadrasana B.
Published: February 2022

In this paper we assess and compare tourism destinations in terms of their performance. The proposed efficiency assessment procedure is based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and precisely on the Directional Distance Function. This methodology is here explained as easiest as possible and it is applied to the evaluation of the twenty-two French regions. The motivation for the analysis lies in the fact that these destinations have to (or will have to) face a decrease in their competitiveness. Then, the aim of the paper is to start a reflection on the performance of the 22 French regions; for that, its only objective is to measure the efficiency of these destinations. Indeed, knowing what the best practices are is good news for Destination Management Organizations and tourism institutions in the perspective of a benchmarking procedure. The paper still tries to explain the scores.
Book review of McKercher, B. and Prideaux, B. (2020). Tourism Theories, Concepts and Models. ISBN: 9781911635352, Oxford, UK: Goodfellow Publishers Ltd. 256 pp.
Authors: Baggio Rodolfo
Published: February 2022

Book review
Book review of Lade, C., Strickland, P., Frew, E., Willard, P., Osorio, S.C., Nagpal, S. & Vitartas, P. (Eds.). (2020). International Tourism Futures: The Drivers and Impacts of Change. ISBN: 9781911635222, Oxford, UK: Goodfellow Publishers Ltd. 230pp.
Authors: Wong Brian
Published: February 2022

In the string of events and measures to address the on-going COVID-19 pandemic, the survival of many businesses globally is challenged, specifically in the tourism industry. Tourism practitioners require a significant change of strategy, adapting appropriate Industrial Revolution 4.0 technologies, and address post-COVID-19 market shift impacts. Convenient and relevant tourism products (i.e. virtual tours) are required to meet new normal expectations (El-Said and Aziz, 2021), while contactless payment methods are preferred to ensure safety (Puriwat & Tripopsakul, 2021). Lade et al.’s book International Tourism Futures: The Drivers and Impacts of Change is timely to offer cues to better understand the future trends and expectations of the tourism industry. Following the Introduction chapter, the book presents the next 13 chapters that cover the critical future elements and its development requirements of the tourism sector, and a Summary chapter. The organisation of chapters provides a good flow to readers, from setting the context, to practice, and preparation for future tourism. The main context of the book can be dissected into 4 parts: Futures, Sectors, Themes, and Foresight.