bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRABALHO E RENDA
Authors: Corseuil Colaborador) Carlos Henrique Leite , Russo (Colaborador) Felipe Mendonça , Silva (Colaborador) Sandro Pereira
Published: November 2022

Este capítulo buscou analisar, levando-se em conta o cenário de pandemia, o comportamento recente da economia e do mercado de trabalho brasileiro, bem como das políticas adotadas em nível federal para mitigar seus efeitos e proteger a população mais vulnerável. Diante desse desafio, este capítulo está organizado em quatro seções, incluindo esta apresentação. Na seção 2 são apresentados e debatidos os principais indicadores econômicos e de mercado de trabalho no Brasil, com enfoque maior nos impactos sentidos mais recentemente. De forma a melhor entender os efeitos da crise atual e sua possível evolução, o texto inclui, quando possível, dados para uma perspectiva comparativa com o período de recessão econômica vivido entre 2015 e 2017, do qual o país ainda buscava se recuperar até o início da pandemia de 2020. As discussões são permeadas por uma série de indicadores da economia agregada e do mercado de trabalho, que envolvem: comportamento recente do produto interno bruto (PIB), dinâmica ocupacional da população, evolução dos rendimentos, heterogeneidades sociodemográficas, entre outros. Para a construção desses indicadores, foram usados dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostragem de Domicílios (PNAD) Contínua, do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), e dos registros administrativos de admissões e desligamentos do Cadastro Geral de Empregados e Desempregados (Caged) e da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (Rais), ambos provenientes do Ministério da Economia (ME). De forma complementar, foram utilizados dados e reflexões de outras pesquisas atuais que trazem informações relevantes para as análises aqui propostas. A seção 3 apresenta uma discussão geral sobre ações e programas governamentais, em especial políticas de estímulo à economia e de proteção social, acionados para combater no plano nacional os efeitos da crise pandêmica e que estão associados diretamente à dinâmica do mercado de trabalho brasileiro. Nessa perspectiva, as ações consideradas foram no intuito de: i) prover liquidez para a oferta de crédito em condições tradicionalmente mais favoráveis ao conjunto de micro e pequenas empresas (MPEs) no país; ii) garantir a manutenção de postos de trabalho formais na economia, possibilitando aos empregadores diminuírem as jornadas ou mesmo suspenderem temporariamente os contratos de trabalho, enquanto os empregados recebiam uma complementação salarial durante esse período; e iii) cobrir com a garantia de um benefício financeiro emergencial uma ampla parcela da população adulta brasileira sem vínculo formal de emprego e sem estar na condição de beneficiário ativo da Previdência. Cada uma dessas medidas possuíram suas virtudes e suas polêmicas, gerando intensos debates na sociedade. Ainda assim, é possível dizer que elas alcançaram expressiva magnitude ao longo de 2020, tanto em termos de cobertura social quanto de volume de dispêndios orçamentários para sua execução.
QUO VADIS? AS TRAJETÓRIAS PROFISSIONAIS DE REGULADORES BRASILEIROS
Authors: Peci Alketa Peci , Santos Aline de Menezes Santos , Araújo Bruno César
Published: November 2022

Pesquisas sobre trajetórias profissionais de reguladores destacam sua passagem para o setor privado, principalmente com base em evidências norte-americanas. No entanto, estudos atuais indicam que portas giratórias (revolving doors) dos reguladores em diferentes contextos podem compartilhar mais nuances, refletindo o papel de diferentes instituições políticas. Neste estudo, baseamo-nos na análise de sequência para explorar as trajetórias de 117 conselheiros brasileiros de agências reguladoras independentes (ARIs), investigando: Quais são suas trajetórias profissionais típicas? Qual plano de carreira recebe maiores benefícios salariais em cargos pós-mandato? A análise revela cinco grupos de planos de carreira nos quais a maioria dos reguladores não faz a transição entre os setores público e privado, mas ainda se beneficia de forma direta e indireta de cumprir mandatos em ARIs. Uma mistura diferente de incentivos de mercado, burocráticos, e políticos desempenha um papel nos padrões de trajetórias profissionais que descobrimos no Brasil.
Knowledge, attitude, practice to prevent road traffic accidents and some related factors among students at Hoai Duc a high school, Hanoi city, 2021
Authors:   National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ngan Nguyen Thi Thao , Hong Tran Thi ,   Hanoi University of Public Health
Published: November 2022

Objective: Describe the knowledge, attitude and practice of road traffic accident prevention among students at Hoai Duc A High School, Hanoi, in 2021. Research Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive. An online survey was conducted by 694 students of Hoai Duc A High School through a data collection toolkit designed on Google Forms software from April 2021 to December 2021. Select 18 investigators who are 18 homeroom teachers of the classes participating in the study. The investigator sent the online survey's link to students who agreed to participate in the study via the classroom email. During the process, the researcher and the investigator answered the students' questions by phone and reminded the students to complete 100% of the questionnaire. Results: Among 694 students, the average knowledge score was 7.73 (SD: 1.84). The percentage of students participating in the study with correct knowledge about road traffic accident prevention (road traffic accident) was 58.1%. The average score of attitude through 15 evaluation questions reached 59.46 (SD: 8.78). There was 76.2% of students have a positive attitude about road traffic accident prevention. Analysis of the percentage of students practicing road traffic accident prevention at 4 positions when participating in traffic shows the following results: 67.6% of students practice correctly when walking; 42.9% of students practice correctly when riding bicycles; 37% of students practice correctly when operating motorbikes/electric mopeds/electric bicycles; 40.7% of students practice correctly when sitting behind motorbikes/electric bicycles/bicycles. The percentage of students who practice correctly about road traffic accident prevention at all positions when participating in traffic was 34.5%. Conclusion: The percentage of students in the study with correct knowledge about road traffic accident prevention was not high with 58.1%. However, the majority of students (76.2%) had a positive attitude about road traffic accident prevention. The percentage of students who correctly practice about traffic accident prevention at all traffic traffic locations is quite low, only 34.5%. It is necessary to organize a variety of traffic safety communication programs in more attractive and appropriate forms that combine theory and practice at school and in the locality. students' level and practice of road traffic accident prevention. Keywords: road traffic accident, high school students, road traffic accident prevention, KAP road traffic accident prevention
Inclusiveness of teaching and learning to LGBTIQ individuals during COVID-19 and beyond
Authors: Mavhandu-Mudzusi Azwihangwisi Helen
Published: November 2022

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has changed teaching and learning activities in several ways. One of the changes is the transition of most higher learning institutions from face-to-face to either blended or fully online modes of teaching and learning. This paper discusses the experiences of LGBTIQ students regarding the inclusiveness of the teaching and learning strategies used during COVID-19 and beyond. The study followed the phenomenography design. Data were collected from sixteen LGBTIQ students in higher education institutions, recruited through the snowballing technique. The analysis was guided by phenomenographic steps of data analysis. The findings indicated variations in safety and access to online education for LGBTIQ individuals. Some viewed COVID-19-induced online teaching and learning as a panacea for their long-standing exclusion from the homo- and transphobic higher education environment. However, to other participants, online education posed more threats to their safety due to cyberbullying related to the increased sharing of contact details, be it WhatsApp numbers or email addresses. Recommendations are made to improve inclusiveness in education for LGBTIQ individuals, focusing on the flexibility of teaching and learning modes in order to meet the needs of diverse student populations while ensuring access and safety.

Keywords: COVID-19, Inclusiveness, Institutions of higher education, LGBTIQ individuals, teaching and learning
Ephemerides of the Irregular Saturnian Satellites from Earth-based Astrometry and Cassini Imaging*
Authors: Jacobson Robert A. , Brozović Marina , Mastrodemos Nickolaos , Riedel Joseph E. , Sheppard Scott S.
Published: November 2022

We report a new determination of the orbits of the irregular Saturnian satellites. We fit their numerically integrated orbits to a data set containing Earth-based observations and imaging data from the Cassini spacecraft. We include the statistics of the observation residuals, the satellites’ orbital elements, and projected accuracies of the satellites’ positions. We also provide astrometric positions derived from the Cassini imaging. Two of the satellites are considered lost because they have not been observed for more than one epoch and have indeterminate uncertainties in their positions. Three of the satellites appear to be in a Kozai resonance, with one being the first irregular satellite of any planet found to be in a 270° rather than 90° resonance.
Jack, master or both? The invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis performs better than a native coccinellid despite divergent trait plasticity
Authors: Minnaar Ingrid A. , Hui Cang , Clusella-Trullas Susana
Published: November 2022

The plasticity of performance traits can promote the success of biological invasions and therefore, precisely estimating trait reaction norms can help to predict the establishment and persistence of introduced species in novel habitats. Most studies focus only on a reduced set of traits and rarely include trait variability that may be vital to predicting establishment success. Here, using a split-brood full-sib design, we acclimated the globally invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis and a native co-occurring and competing species Cheilomenes lunata to cold, medium and warm temperature regimes, and measured critical thermal limits, life-history traits, and starvation resistance. We used the conceptual framework of “Jack, Master or both” to test predictions regarding performance differences of these two species. The native C. lunata had a higher thermal plasticity of starvation resistance and a higher upper thermal tolerance than H. axyridis. By contrast, H. axyridis had a higher performance than C. lunata for preoviposition period, fecundity and adult emergence from pupae. We combined trait responses, transport duration and propagule pressure to predict the size of the populations established in a novel site following cold, medium and warm scenarios. Although C. lunata initially had a higher performance than the invasive species during transport, more individuals of H. axyridis survived in all simulated environments due to the combined life-history responses, and in particular, higher fecundity. Despite an increased starvation mortality in the warm scenario, given a sufficient propagule size, H. axyridis successfully established. This study underscores how the combination and plasticity of multiple performance traits can strongly influence establishment potential of species introduced into novel environments.
How to account for nature-based tourism in Europe. An operational proposal
Authors: Zulian Grazia , La Notte Alessandra
Published: November 2022

Europe is a leader in the tourism industry, with half of the world's international arrivals in 2018. Nowadays tourism activities related to the enjoyment of nature, Nature-based tourism (NBT), are amongst the main tourism markets worldwide. NBT represents both a challenge and an opportunity. In fact, on the one hand, it contributes to creating new markets and spurring job growth, especially for small businesses and, on the other hand, it might impact the environment and local communities. What's more, it is extremely difficult to quantify the role of nature in traditional economic accounting. In this context, the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) covers this gap by reporting information not included in the traditional system of economic accounts. The Central SEEA framework was adopted by the UN Statistical Commission in 2012 and the Ecosystem Accounting module (SEEA EA) has recently been adopted to quantify the role of ecosystems. In this study, we fine-tune a methodology applied to account for daily outdoor recreation to measure the contribution of nature to the tourism sector respecting the SEEA EA rules.

The approach was tested in Italy, which in 2019, had more than 430 million nights per year spent in the country for tourism. In our exploratory study, 56.69% (246 million) of the overnight stays were allocated to NBT. Our analysis shows that 43% (more than 30 million) of the overnight stays in the Veneto Region were allocated to nature; 75% (more than 39 million) in Trentino Alto Adige and 61.6% (29 million) in Tuscany.

The top ranked municipalities, with very high numbers of overnight stays and very low share of NBT are cities of art: namely: Venice (Veneto Region), Milan (Lombardy Region) and Florence (Tuscany Region) and sea locations on the Adriatic Sea, specifically San Michele al Tagliamento and Jesolo (Veneto Region). On the contrary, the top-ranked locations with very high numbers of overnight stays and very high share of NBT are mountain, lakes and sea locations that have natural protected areas or other key iconic landmarks in their proximity and endorsed specific types of travel accommodation, such as camp sites.

Based on our exploratory study, we argue that this approach allows us to disentangle the contribution of ecosystems to tourism. Not only is it compliant with the requests of the SEEA EA framework, but, thanks to the spatially-explicit outputs, it allows us to further explore the environmental and social impacts of tourism in a multi-scale perspective. In this study, a biophysical map developed at the EU level was used for illustrative purposes. In order to become operational at the national or local level, we suggest creating biophysical maps starting from local detailed datasets and, successively, to implement the methodology described in this paper.
Conjugation of a WOW Peptide with silver nanoparticles to face the increase of antimicrobial resistance during COVID 19 pandemic
Authors: Salama Ali H.
Published: November 2022

Bacterial resistance is a difficult limitation in the treatment of infections. The potential antibacterial activity of WOW peptide conjugation with silver nanoparticles against selected pathogens is investigated in this study. The peptide WOW was created by combining two tryptophan subunits and one ornithine amino acid, and its purity was determined using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Mass spectrometry and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry were used to confirm the WOW peptide. Silver nanoparticles conjugated with WOW were created by adding WOW to a solution of silver nitrate in the presence of the reducing agent sodium borohydride. The yellow-brown color indicated the presence of WOW-AgNPs, which was confirmed by ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry. The minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of WOW nanoparticles were determined using the micro dilution method against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and ESBL Escherichia coli. The Erythrocyte Hemolytic Assay was used to assess the toxicity of nanoparticles conjugated with WOW. WOW alone was effective (MICs between 120 and 215 µgml-1) against both standard and resistant strains of bacteria. WOW –AgNPs, on the other hand, were more effective, with MICs ranging from 30 to 100 µgml-1 depending on the bacteria used. WOW -–after 30 minutes of incubation, silver nanoparticles at a concentration of 100 µgml-1 caused only 3% hemolysis in human erythrocytes.in conclusion, WOW –silver nanoparticles were found to have good antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains of gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Furthermore, the conjugate demonstrated low hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity. As a result, WOW conjugation with AgNPs is a promising treatment candidate for bacterial infection with low toxicity.
Flexor Tendon Injuries in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Marques Ricardo R. , Carvalho Marcos , Cardoso Pedro , Ling Tah Pu , Balacó Inês , Tarquini Oliana , Cabral João , Alves Cristina
Published: November 2022

Flexor tendon injuries are rare in children, posing specific diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study aims to describe epidemiologic characteristics of flexor tendon injuries in children and evaluate the outcomes of surgical treatment. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with acute traumatic flexor tendon injuries treated between 2012 and 2019. We analyzed demographics, lesion mechanism, surgical technique, clinical results, complications, and secondary surgical procedures. Functional results were assessed through the Total Active Mobilization score. Twenty patients were included (n=34 tendons), with median follow-up of 7 months (range, 3–34 months) and median age at time of surgery of 13 years (range, 1–17 years). Male sex was predominant (n=16). The most prevalent injury mechanism was a cut (n=17), mostly affecting the 4th digit (n=10) and Verdan's zone II (n=13). Modified Kessler was the suture technique most commonly used (n=31), and polypropylene was the preferred suture material (n=19). All patients were immobilized with a splint for a median time of 4 weeks (range, 1–7 weeks). According to the Total Active Mobilization score, 15 patients reached a score greater than 75%, independently of age (
P
>.05). Stiffness was the main complication observed. Complications were identified in 37% of patients and were most common in those older than age 10 years (
P
>.05) and those with zone II lesions (
P
>.05). Four patients (20%) needed a second surgical intervention. Flexor tendon injuries in children are relatively uncommon and prevail in the male sex, similarly to the adult population. The principal complication observed was stiffness, which was more prevalent in children older than age 10 years, although without relevant functional implications, as surgical treatment enabled good or excellent outcomes in 75% of patients. [
Orthopedics
. 2023;46(2):82–85.]
Finite-time trajectory tracking control of quadrotor UAV via adaptive RBF neural network with lumped uncertainties
Authors: Ma Rui , Han Jinjin , Ding Li
Published: November 2022

The trajectory tracking control of the quadrotor with model uncertainty and time-varying interference is studied. The RBF neural network is combined with the global fast terminal sliding mode (GFTSM) control method to converge tracking errors in finite time. To ensure the stability of the system, an adaptive law is designed to adjust the weight of the neural network by the Lyapunov method. The overall novelty of this paper is threefold, 1) Owing to the use of a global fast sliding mode surface, the proposed controller has no problem with slow convergence near the equilibrium point inherently existing in the terminal sliding mode control. 2) Benefiting from the novel equivalent control computation mechanism, the external disturbances and the upper bound of the disturbance are estimated by the proposed controller, and the unexpected chattering phenomenon is significantly attenuated. 3) The stability and finite-time convergence of the overall closed-loop system are strictly proven. The simulation results indicated that the proposed method achieves faster response speed and smoother control effect than traditional GFTSM.
Juan Bautista Rovelasca y el tráfico de esclavos hacia América del contrato de Santo Tomé de 1583-1589. Gestión de un enclave esclavista en decadencia
Authors: Fernández Chaves Manuel F.
Published: November 2022

En este artículo se estudia un contrato inédito de Santo Tomé, con vigencia entre 1583 y 1589. Se estudia la figura del contratador y la relación de este contrato con otros de sus negocios en África. El análisis del contrato arroja luz sobre el funcionamiento de la trata de esclavos hacia América desde dicha isla, así como sobre las diferentes mercancías que sustentaban dicho comercio. Las condiciones para el contratador y las obligaciones adquiridas para con la Corona constituyen elementos que permiten conocer mejor el desarrollo de la trata y entender los mecanismos que regulaban su puesta en práctica.
El temprano comercio de esclavos desde Angola hacia Hispanoamérica y Brasil, 1575-1595
Authors: Wheat David , Schultz Kara D.
Published: November 2022

En este ensayo empleamos fuentes nuevas y subutilizadas para ofrecer una cronología del temprano comercio de esclavos desde Angola hacia Hispanoamérica, lo cual comenzó con dos navíos que zarparon de la Isla de Luanda justo después de la llegada del primer gobernador de la Angola portuguesa. Semejantes viajes al Caribe y al Río de la Plata eran comunes a partir de 1595, pero en la década anterior la trata de africanos esclavizados desde Angola hacia Hispanoamérica fue en gran medida una extensión de un tráfico más viejo y más intensivo desde Angola hacia Brasil.
Cabildos en pueblos de indios: acceso a los oficios, orígenes y trayectorias de alcaldes y regidores (Córdoba del Tucumán, 1705-1810)
Authors: Tell Sonia
Published: November 2022

El artículo reconstruye la estructura y composición de los cabildos de indios en la jurisdicción de Córdoba del Tucumán entre 1705 y 1810, los modos de acceso a los oficios de alcaldes y regidores, orígenes, trayectorias y relaciones de las personas que ocuparon esos oficios. Se plantea como hipótesis que estos cabildos fueron cuerpos gravitantes en la dinámica y consolidación política de los pueblos de indios en la jurisdicción durante el siglo XVIII, especialmente con la transición de encomiendas privadas a pueblos en cabeza del rey.
El Partido Socialista argentino y la cuestión nacional a partir de los usos del pasado independentista (1905-1942)
Authors: Amorebieta y Vera María Laura , Guiamet Javier
Published: November 2022

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo profundizar en las formas en que la postura inicial de corte clasista e internacionalista del Partido Socialista argentino (PS) fue modificándose en relación con el contexto internacional, los distintos momentos partidarios y su relativa inserción e integración a la política y cultura nacionales. Para ello, se analiza el vínculo entre el PS y la tradición nacional a lo largo de las décadas de 1910, 1920 y 1930, prestando atención a los usos del pasado independentista efectuados por el Partido y los modos en que estos fueron transformándose a lo largo del tiempo.
Regulators of articular cartilage homeostasis
Authors:   , Leijten Jeroen C.H.
Published: November 2022

Prevention of hypertrophic differentiation is essential for successful cartilage repair strategies. Although this process is essential for longitudinal growth, it also is part of degenerative cartilage diseases such as osteoarthiritis. Moreover, it limits the use of cell types prone to this process for articular cartilage repair; cartilage that becomes hypertrophic can be transformed into endochondral bone. Therefore, fundamental knowledge on hypertrophic differentiation might prove crucial for cartilage repair strategies. In this thesis we have focused on: 1) revealing the mechanism that prevents healthy articular chondrocytes from undergoing hypertrophic differentiation, 2) exploring whether this mechanisms is disturbed in joint disease (model), 3) investigating the effect of cartilage's environmental factors on this mechanism and 4) pioneering novel cartilage repair strategies that are not confounded by hypertrophic differentiation.
Creating Community Through the Teaching of Multicultural Literature Online
Authors: Frazier DuEwa M.
Published: November 2022

Teaching an online multicultural literature course during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic from Fall 2020 to Spring 2021 created an opportunity to engage in reflection on instructional practices and student reactions to diverse literature selections. In an effort to understand how community was created and dialogue maintained between instructor and students, the author sought to reflect on strategies that encouraged critical thinking and ongoing sharing of individual student perspectives during the course. This chapter examines how an online multicultural literature course was created and facilitated for students during a time when college courses were delivered solely through online instruction. The chapter illustrates how the online multicultural literature course was developed with culturally responsive pedagogy in mind to generate online discussion, guide literary analysis, and develop student writing. In examining this process, the chapter highlights instructional strategies that can be utilized by faculty to create engaging online learning communities.
Remote Literacy Interventions With Children During COVID-19
Authors: Mishra Pradeep , Farooqui Jannat Fatima
Published: November 2022

The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic resulted in large-scale educational disruptions for school-going children around the world. India was among the worst hit, as multiple lockdowns put a sizeable percentage of Indian children, out of school which resulted in accumulated learning gaps, particularly for children coming from marginalized socio-economic backgrounds. To confront this learning crisis and curricular deficits, Room to Read India, a global organization working towards a world free of illiteracy and gender inequality, adopted multiple remote literacy interventions to reach out to children from vulnerable families. The study recommends that a blended hybrid mode of education, incorporating both online and offline mediums of learning, is significant in bridging the digital divide for marginalized children, who do not have adequate access or knowledge about digital resources. It was inferred that successful digital learning for children cannot take place in isolation and a dynamic partnership between teachers and parents is essential to reach out to vulnerable children.
Educational Transformation Project's Remote Group Work (ETPRGW)
Authors: Trad Antoine Toni
Published: November 2022

This chapter proposes an educational transformation project (ETP), remote group work (RGW), to support students' group work in the context of online teaching and learning. An ETP assisted by RGW (ETPRGW) uses critical success factors and areas, natural programming language environment, and a dynamic decision-making system, which can be used to improve the organization's online learning capabilities. ETPRGW supports all phases of an ETP, and its concept is based on existing standards, methodologies, local specificities, and traditional educational practices. Complex educational topics, like information and communication systems (ICS) need particular RGW requirements that force educational organizations (simply entity) to integrate agile collaboration products, educational patterns, educational best practices, and educational services' management. An RGW approach forces the used transformation framework and the related set of existing modules to synchronize all types of transformation activities, like the integration of an automated coordination of RGW activities.
Considering Dignity at Work in Organizational Cultures
Authors: Montaudon-Tomas Cynthia Maria , Ansler Anna , Pinto-López Ingrid N. , Malcon Cervera Claudia
Published: November 2022

This chapter proposes a reconsideration of the importance of dignity at work and its effects on organizational culture from multiple perspectives. Through a literature review, specific connections between dignity at work and the future of business are identified. Special attention is given to the notion of workplace dignity (WPD) and to organizational cultures that promote dignity and respect. Distinctions are made to identify specific criteria of dignity at work in face-to-face, remote and hybrid working environments. WPD has acquired relevance because of different social movements that reflect a general discontent of the workforce, including the great resignation. Other constructs that can be linked to workplace dignity have been included, particularly joy, happiness, and hope at work, which can lead to more meaningful and inclusive organizations. Inclusive organizations that foster human dignity provide employees with a sense of having made an important contribution to the organization but also to society at large.
Diversity and Labor Inclusion in Colombian SMEs
Authors: Salcedo-Pérez Carlos , Martinez-Contreras Ronald Mauricio
Published: November 2022

Diversity and labor inclusion are two trends that are gaining importance in business circles in different countries, including Colombia. There are a number of groups that historically have had higher unemployment rates and more difficulties to have leadership positions and/or to get jobs in formal companies such as people with disabilities or young people. Solving this situation is necessary to have more inclusive societies. At the School of Administration and Competitiveness of the Politecnico Grancolombiano, a tool aimed at assessing and determining the situation of companies in different topics, including policies aimed at hiring people from historically excluded groups, has been created. This chapter presents the results obtained by the application of this tool during the first semester of 2022. The tool was applied to formal micro, small, and medium enterprises located in Bogota and other Colombian cities.
Strategic Policies for Collaboration and Competitiveness
Authors: Umana Mauricio Vladimir , Nuño Jose Pablo , Silva Gabriel , Ochoa Omar David
Published: November 2022

Based on the strategic needs of the countries around the world, the authors propose some strategic policies that reflect the global needs of white spaces of innovation and establishing territories of innovation for ecosystems, and a very important advance for humankind in social innovation. The reality for clean technology and an inclusive capitalism on the base of the pyramid is a real need in a world with more than four billion living with less than $4 USD per day. Energy use and water use demand the possibility of the existence of the humanity because we have for decades expended resources. The end the chapter explains how to achieve the peace that society needs. This research was presented in European Academy of Management 2022, in international competitiveness with models working in collaboration with countries and regions.
Cloud Ecosystem-Prevalent Threats and Countermeasures
Authors: Idrees Sarmad , Nazir Saqib , Tahir Shahzaib , Khan Muhammad Sohaib
Published: November 2022

Cloud-based services are in high demand because they give consumers and businesses a lot of flexibility in employing new applications and high-end infrastructure at a low cost. Despite the increased activity and interest, there are still worries about security vulnerabilities with cloud computing, resulting in hurdles for both consumers and service providers in terms of data protection, privacy, and service availability. As a result, cloud service providers and consumers must ensure that the cloud environment is secure from both external and internal threats. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of key components of the cloud computing ecosystem and security concerns encompassing its impact on businesses. It focuses on understanding cloud computing technology, deployment environments, services, and usage considerations. The chapter identifies the most common security risks, allowing both end users and providers to identify the risks connected with the technology. Finally, different countermeasures to important security and privacy issues are presented.
The Benefits of Technology in Healthcare Management
Authors: Wainwright Sheryl Joane Dobson
Published: November 2022

Technology adoption can improve healthcare delivery, outcomes, and cost-efficiency. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as a foundation, this chapter discusses technology's role during the crisis and explores the barriers to successful healthcare management strategies due to inadequate or inappropriate technology adoption. This chapter also explores the pros and cons of technology and provides tools to help determine when adoption will benefit healthcare providers, systems, and consumers. The author discusses operational effectiveness and efficiency, effective communication, team coordination, health outcomes, data collection and utilization, and risk management in this chapter.
Telemedicine in Pandemic Times
Authors: Davidson Karen Parker
Published: November 2022

Historically, the most common and familiar form of telemedicine, hospital-based telemedicine, has been a form of health information evolving over the past decades, as early as the 1950s. The most basic form of telehealth came in the form of a telephone call to reduce the number of office visits in 1879, and in the form of technology as we know it today in the form of an app on a smartphone. From wired messages to radio, to phones, to closed-circuit televisions, to smartphones, the need for telemedicine has never been more necessary than during pandemic times. As the author looks at the efficiency of telemedicine and the extent of outreach involved during pandemic times, this chapter discusses the evolution of telemedicine, the concept, and how it impacts the future of healthcare.
Conceptual Design Principles for Data-Driven Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS)
Authors: Zikos Dimitrios
Published: November 2022

In an era where health organizations are constantly striving to increase the quality of care amidst significant challenges, such as the recent pandemic, the development of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) can make contextually relevant predictions that can contribute to more efficient and safe health systems. This chapter outlines the conceptual design principles for data-driven clinical decision support systems. It starts by explaining to the reader the user setting and healthcare data use characteristics to discuss 11 principles and considerations for designing contextually data-driven models for clinical decision-making. The chapter was written to be comprehensive to a wide range of audiences and is meant to be enjoyable for readers without an extensive background in data science.
Long Short-Term Memory-Based Neural Networks in an AI Music Generation Platform
Authors: Nagarajan Suresh Kumar , Narasimhan Geetha , Mishra Ankit , Kumar Rishabh
Published: November 2022

Music is an essential component of a promotional video since it helps to establish a brand's or entity's identity. Music composition and production, on the other hand, is quite costly. The expense of engaging a competent team capable of creating distinctive music for your firm could be prohibitively expensive. In the last decade, artificial intelligence has accomplished feats previously unimaginable to humanity. Artificial intelligence can be a lifesaver, not only in terms of the amount of money a company would have to spend on creating their own unique music but also in terms of the amount of time and work required on the firm's part. A web-based platform that can be accessed from anywhere in the world would help the product obtain customers without regard to geography. AI algorithms can be taught to recognize which sound combinations produce a pleasing melody (or music). Multiple machine learning algorithms can be used to accomplish this.
Reconnoitering Generative Deep Learning Through Image Generation From Text
Authors: Pendyala Vishnu S. , Thangarajan VigneshKumar
Published: November 2022

A picture is worth a thousand words goes the well-known adage. Generating images from text understandably has many uses. In this chapter, the authors explore a state-of-the-art generative deep learning method to produce synthetic images and a new better way for evaluating the same. The approach focuses on synthesizing high-resolution images with multiple objects present in an image, given the textual description of the images. The existing literature uses object pathway GAN (OP-GAN) to automatically generate images from text. The work described in this chapter attempts to improvise the discriminator network from the original implementation using OP-GAN. This eventually helps the generator network's learning rate adjustment based on the discriminator output. Finally, the trained model is evaluated using semantic object accuracy (SOA), the same metric that is used to evaluate the baseline implementation, which is better than the metrics used previously in the literature.
Tamil Question Answering System Using Machine Learning
Authors: Ashok Kumar L.  , Karthika Renuka D.  , Shunmugapriya M. C.
Published: November 2022

Tamil question answering system (QAS) is aimed to find relevant answers in in the native language. The system will help farmers to get information in Tamil related to the agriculture domain. Tamil is one of the morphologically rich languages. As a result, developing such systems that process Tamil words is a difficult task. The list of stop words in Tamil has to be collected manually. Parts of speech (POS) tagging is used to identify suitable POS tag for a sequence of Tamil words. The system employs Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based viterbi algorithm, a machine learning technique for parts of speech tagging of Tamil words. The analyzed question is given to the Google search to obtain relevant documents. On top of Google search, locality sensitive hashing technique (LSH) is utilized to retrieve the five relevant items for the input Tamil question. Jaccard similarity is used to obtain the response from the retrieved document items. The proposed system is modelled using a dataset of 1000 sentences in the agriculture domain.
Acceleration of Computer Vision and Deep Learning
Authors: R. Ezhilarasie , N. Aishwarya , V. Subramani , A. Umamakeswari
Published: November 2022

Cameras used for surveillance have grown in popularity since the technology boom and are now part of our everyday life. It appears to be laborious and time-consuming to monitor the surveillance cameras manually. Computer vision is reshaping the security and surveillance industry. Despite their revolutionary nature, modern CCTV cameras are insufficient because they are passive units that assist investigations but do not give preventative measures. They need to be replaced with active systems. Recreational issues in public security necessitate computer vision, artificial intelligence, and machine learning (ML). Due to the advancements in deep surveillance, we should expect a massive boost in inefficiency. The outstanding performance in image identification and the capacity to absorb temporal information that convolutional and recurrent neural networks offer intelligent surveillance systems bodes well for their future growth in this area. The goal of this chapter is to examine the challenges in surveillance systems, the usage of deep learning techniques, and various new applications.
Smart Surveillance System Using Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: K. V. Uma , V. Aakash , C. Deisy
Published: November 2022

In modern days, CCTVs are being used for monitoring, and most shops have surveillance cameras up and running during the night times, but still, robberies are happening since the surveillance footage is being checked only after a robbery on the next day. To overcome the problems of having manual security and cost wastage along with automating the monitoring of the surveillance during the night times once the shops are closed, the authors propose the smart surveillance system. Deep learning algorithms and computer vision techniques are used to detect the presence of humans/intruders in a given video. The smart surveillance system along with the reduction in the cost of manual securities also provides robust nighttime monitoring, and it provides immediate notification to the authority as soon as it spots the intruder in the specified monitoring time, thereby reducing the robberies and the business impact caused.
Generalization and Efficiency on Finger Print Presentation Attack Anomaly Detection
Authors: J. Hemalatha , V. Vivek , M. K. Kavitha Devi , Mohan Sekar
Published: November 2022

Biometric identification systems are highly used for verification and identification like fingerprint recognition, voice recognition, face recognition, etc. The very famous biometric technique is fingerprint recognition. A fingerprint is the pattern of ridges and valleys on the surface of a fingertip. The endpoints and crossing points of ridges are called minutiae. The basic assumption is that the minutiae pattern of every finger is unique and does not change during one's life. In the present era, fingerprint-based biometric authentication system gets popularized, but still, this biometric system is vulnerable to various attacks, particularly presentation attacks. This chapter explains how the knowledge-driven neural networks work on fingerprint anomaly detection. In addition, the various features available to detect the anomaly in biometric are also discussed.
A quadratura do círculo e o volume da esfera
Authors: Contini Pilati Greyce
Published: November 2022

Dentre os problemas que mais fascinaram os matemáticos ao longo da história está a quadratura do círculo. O número irracional π tem relação direta com esse problema e foi peça fundamental na conjectura de sua impossibilidade de solução utilizando apenas régua não graduada e compasso com uma quantidade finita de etapas, como foi proposto por Euclides. A quadratura do círculo é possível sem essas regras e, ainda mais, com ela é possível realizar a transformação da esfera em um prisma de base quadrada.
A research center for clinical bioethics and medical humanities
Authors: Spagnolo Antonio G.
Published: November 2022

Not available.
La decostruzione spirituale dell’Io. L’ambigua ontologia della carne in Merleau-Ponty
Authors: Zanchi Juri
Published: November 2022

Il corpo umano è il terreno sul quale insistono molte delle dinamiche di stampo bioetico che nella loro problematicità morale richiedono una chiarificazione di senso relativa allo statuto ontologico e assiologico dell’umana corporeità. Del resto, il corpo umano, nella sua ambiguità, si situa sempre sul crinale fra l’essere e l’avere, in rapporto alla persona umana, complicando ulteriormente le prassi bioetiche, la cui declinazione morale cambia radicalmente a seconda dell’antropologia di riferimento. Altrettanto ambigua, poi, è la nozione di carne che rischia di essere equivocata nel suo significato apparentemente affine a quello di corpo. Tale nozione, la cui origine risale all’antropologia greca e, poi, biblica, ha trovato una radicalizzazione filosofica nell’ontologia della chair di Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Elevata a categoria di interpretazione dell’umano e, contemporaneamente, del mondano, essa vorrebbe sostituire la nozione di corpo. Ma, assumendo che io sono il mio corpo si può similmente affermare che io sono la mia carne? L’intento del presente saggio è quello di approfondire i rapporti fra persona umana, corpo e carne, mettendo in luce come l’ontologia della carne di Merleau-Ponty riesca, per un verso, a fondare un orizzonte ecologico che riunisce l’io e il mondo in un’unica e solidale famiglia ontologica. Per altro verso, tuttavia, tale concettualizzazione risulta problematica in quanto inserisce nell’antropologia una faglia di anonimato e generalità in cui si afferma un paradigma dell’impersonale, incapace di rendere ragione della specificità spirituale della persona umana e della sua corporeità.
Politics of meaning about quality of education in Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfamicael Solomon A. , Chala Desalegn , Desta Liyew A. , Ali Sikunder
Published: November 2022

Background: In recent years, the policymakers in Ethiopia are engaged in reforming the curriculum to address the poor quality of education in the country. The public as well as the different stakeholders have been engaged in debating on the topic. The discourse about the education policy has been intense at times.Aim: The purpose of this study is to provide a framework for the different meanings of quality of education in Ethiopia that arise from different experiences and factors among the participants. This, in turn, can guide and shape the intense discourse among the different stakeholders.Setting: The Ethiopian diaspora group arranged a two-part Twitter Space discussion among the Ethiopian diasporas who are engaged in the affairs of their home country to discuss the education policy of the country. The theoretical approach about politics of meaning by Ole Skovsmose was used to reflect on the discussion made by this community.Methods: Discourse analysis has been used on audio data from the Twitter Space conversation to trace different meanings of quality of education that different stakeholders attribute within the context of Ethiopia.Results: Seven different politics of meanings about quality of education has been identified: the good old days, decolonise, expectation, moral, foundation, opportunity and vision meaning.Conclusion: The authors believe that these seven meanings can provide insight to the policymakers in their endeavour to improve quality. In fact, these meanings are generic to any education system, and this can be investigated further.Contribution: Even though the authors’ analysis depended on the information obtained from the Ethiopian diaspora, the findings can be generalised to the wider Ethiopian public, the origin of the informants.
Bargaining power and market definition: A reflection on two mergers
Authors: Roberts Simon , Corbett Catherine , Das Nair Reena
Published: November 2022

When assessing whether a merger is likely to substantially prevent or lessen competition, the Competition Act, No. 89 of 1998, as amended, specifies that the Commission should assess the strength of competition by taking into account the degree of countervailing power in a market. We highlight the importance of understanding this in terms of the factors underlying bargaining power, such as the alternative sources of supply available to buyers, the alternative sources of demand to sellers, cost structures, and information asymmetries. To do this we critically compare the approach adopted by the Competition Tribunal in evaluating two mergers: Sasol/Engen and Chlor-Alkali Holdings/Botash. We find that in both cases an analysis of bargaining power should play an important part in the assessment of the effects on competition, including the identification of competitive constraints that fall within market definition.
A comparison of actual and minimum wages in the iron and steel industry (1978-1983)
Authors: Hipkin I. B.
Published: November 2022

In 1983 two million employees in South Africa were subject to minimum wages in terms of industrial council or wage board legislation. Studies of wage determination have been hampered by the lack of knowledge of actual wage rates. This paper compares the wage rates as laid down by the Industrial Council for the Iron. Steel, Engineering and Metallurgical Industry with the wages contained in a national salary survey, the latter representing 'actual' market wages. A job evaluation system has been used as the basis of comparison between the minimum and market rates. Both minimum and actual wages display similar characteristics in that the lowest levels have received the greatest (real) increases over the period under consideration. The upper skilled levels have seen a decrease in wages in real terms, with increases in actual wages being lower than the rates at which the minimum rates have increased. Explanations are sought both from an economic and a socio-political point of view.