bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aesthetic Consciousness and Literature: Sartre’s Existential Queries
Authors: Dr Parneet Jaggi
Published: February 2025

Jean-Paul Sartre raised a number of pertinent existential questions exploring the realms of not just art, philosophy and literature, but addressed all aspects of man’s being. His philosophic thought starts with two types of being- Being-in-itself and Being-for-itself. In-itself is the transcendent essence of human existence, therefore beyond the framework of space and time. Being-for-itself perpetually seeks completion. Being arises through Nothingness, yet Nothingness denies Being. He discusses three types of consciousness: perceptual, conceptual and imaginative. Imagination functions on the basis of the negation of what is here and now. The imaginative act results in the creation of an unreal object. Why then does man create art? This is the question which immediately arises in this context. All creative activity, according to him, derives its impetus from Being-for-others. Art is an expression language (the term 'language' here is taken in a wider sense and does not merely refer to verbal language) that reveals the others. Without language, no awareness is possible- of oneself as well as of others. Therefore, language becomes valuable as a means of revealing the other in his essential freedom. His essay ‘What is Literature?’ delves into the deeper queries of the creation of literature, beginning with what, for whom, what should and so on.
Regulatory Ethics in The Context of Mobile Communications and AI in Society
Authors: Yuwono Claudia Oktaviani , Reyhan Erik , La Hara La Rawi
Published: February 2025

The rapid advancement of mobile technology and artificial intelligence (AI) has brought about significant changes in the way social communication is carried out throughout Indonesia. Although this technology has a significant positive impact, challenges related to ethical regulations, especially in terms of protecting personal data safety, taste and clarity, are a matter of concern. This research seeks to understand the ethical regulations and their implementation that must be carried out so that this communication technology does not harm society. This research reviews the application of regulatory ethics in the field of mobile applications and AI using the theories of ambiguity, negative morality, fairness, and vulnerability. Methods include a literature review of updated peer-reviewed articles as well as data points and statistics from secondary articles on how past applications of Mobile-AI changed Indonesia's social communication patterns. The findings show that current regulations are not effective at protecting user privacy; therefore, the study concludes by recommending stricter policy planning on the use of AI technology to engage and instill public trust.
Donation Campaign Strategies of Five Islamic Philanthropic Organizations (Qudwah Indonesia, Human Initiative, Rumah Zakat, Dompet Dhuafa, DT Peduli) in Fundraising for the Palestinian Humanitarian Tragedy During October-November 2023
Authors: Lestari Yuniva Tri
Published: February 2025

This research investigates the donation campaign strategies employed by five Islamic philanthropic organizations (Qudwah Indonesia, Human Initiative, Rumah Zakat, Dompet Dhuafa, and DT Peduli) during the Palestinian humanitarian crisis in October-November 2023. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with Systematic Documentary Review, data was collected through interviews with content managers and observations of digital media platforms, particularly websites. The analysis revealed that each organization tailored its campaign strategies to its internal policies, emphasizing transparency, trust-building, and convenience to encourage donations. The findings show that the donation strategies varied across organizations, with common features such as the use of clear messaging, trust signals, and interactive elements. The study concludes that effective communication strategies, including transparency and ease of access, play a crucial role in increasing public trust and donor engagement.
The Effectiveness of Arbitration as A Commercial Dispute Resolution Solution in Indonesia
Authors: Sujati Ananda , Yusufa Joni , Hermawan Dede , Safitri Pradita Wuri , Anggraeni Happy Yulia , Sagita Praniko Imam
Published: February 2025

Despite being regulated in Law Number 30 Year 1999, the effectiveness of arbitration in Indonesia still faces various challenges, such as lack of public understanding, high costs for small businesses, and limited arbitration infrastructure in the regions. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate and strengthen the role of arbitration to ensure that this mechanism can be a quick, fair solution and support business sustainability in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to assess the extent to which arbitration has been able to be an effective solution in resolving commercial disputes in Indonesia, identify factors that influence its success, and provide recommendations to increase its efficiency and trustworthiness as a fair and speedy dispute resolution alternative. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach to describe phenomena systematically and accurately. Data was collected through documentation techniques, analyzing various relevant documents such as reports, archives, or articles. Data analysis was conducted in three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing validated through triangulation. The results showed that arbitration is an effective commercial dispute resolution mechanism in Indonesia because it offers a fast process, affordable costs, and a final and binding award. Its advantages include flexibility, confidentiality, and international recognition through the New York Convention. However, its optimization requires strengthening regulations and education to overcome challenges such as the lack of understanding of business actors and inconsistencies in the application of the law.
Laporan Kasus Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) Dengan Manifestasi Atipikal: Tantangan Diagnostik Dan Penatalaksanaan di Fasilitas Kesehatan Dengan Keterbatasan Diagnostik
Authors: Prakoso Iqbal Adi , Wijaya Muhammad Satri Delta , Kathrine Anita Septiana Maria
Published: February 2025

Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) merupakan bagian dari sindrom koroner akut (SKA), yang sering kali ditandai dengan nyeri dada tipikal dan atipikal. Manifestasi atipikal dapat menyulitkan diagnosis dini, terutama di fasilitas kesehatan dengan keterbatasan sumber daya. Penatalaksanaan yang cepat dan tepat diperlukan untuk mencegah komplikasi fatal. Dilaporkan seorang pria 53 tahun dengan keluhan nyeri dada menjalar ke punggung dan lengan kiri, disertai keringat dingin. Gejala awal berupa nyeri atipikal yang berubah menjadi tipikal. Pasien memiliki riwayat hipertensi tidak terkontrol, kebiasaan merokok, obesitas (IMT 30,3), dan pola makan tidak sehat. Diagnosis NSTEMI ditegakkan berdasarkan gejala klinis dan hasil EKG (T-inversi pada lead V1-V4). Penatalaksanaan meliputi terapi farmakologis sesuai panduan, namun keterbatasan fasilitas menghambat tindakan invasif seperti angiografi koroner. Manifestasi atipikal sering ditemukan pada pasien dengan faktor risiko seperti diabetes, usia lanjut, dan wanita. Penanganan NSTEMI melibatkan kombinasi terapi farmakologis, evaluasi risiko menggunakan skoring (TIMI, GRACE), dan strategi invasif bila tersedia. Diagnosis dini sangat penting meskipun dengan keterbatasan fasilitas diagnostik. Kesimpulan: Kasus ini menyoroti pentingnya deteksi dini dan penanganan NSTEMI terutama di fasilitas dengan sumber daya terbatas. Edukasi pasien dan keluarga tentang kontrol faktor risiko serta kepatuhan terapi menjadi kunci pencegahan komplikasi berulang.
Profile of Science Literacy Ability and Science Learning Outcomes of Riyadul Mubarok Integrated High School Students
Authors: Quroh Maya Ainul , Patonah Siti , Nugroho Ari Susatyo , Hayat M. Syaipul
Published: February 2025

Indonesia's scientific literacy is in 70th position out of 78 countries based on PISA 2018. This research aims to determine (1) the scientific literacy abilities of Riyadul Mubarok Integrated High School students in class X on renewable energy material using PISA test questions; and (2) Learning outcomes of Riyadul Mubarok Integrated High School students on renewable energy material. The selected sample was 20 class X students using purposive sampling technique. This type of research is descriptive qualitative using daily values ​​on renewable energy material for learning outcomes and PISA test questions totaling 6 essay questions. This research shows that the learning outcomes of Riyadul Mubarok Integrated High School students are in the medium category with an average score of 77.95, which is slightly above the KKM. Meanwhile, the results of scientific literacy on the three indicators show (1) the average value of scientific literacy ability on the indicator of identifying scientific problems is 40, which means that students' scientific literacy ability is in the low category. (2) the results of scientific literacy skills in the indicator explaining scientific phenomena are in the medium category with an average score of 62. (3) the results of scientific literacy skills in the category of using scientific evidence are in the low category with an average score of 37. Literacy scores Overall student science is 55 which is included in the medium category, this is in accordance with the results of the scientific literacy test conducted by PISA in 2018
Atarashii Kaze's New Public Diplomacy (AJIKAZE) Toward Indonesia in 2019-2024
Authors: Patra Bunga Hafizza , Rahman Junita Budi , Purnama Chandra
Published: February 2025

This research focuses on the analysis of public diplomacy conducted by Atarashii Kaze (Ajikaze) in Indonesia as a form of promotion of Japanese culture. Public diplomacy is one of the important strategies in international relations, especially in building positive relations between the Japanese and Indonesian people. The conceptual framework of this research uses the theory of public diplomacy activities proposed by Nicholas J. Cull, which includes elements such as listening, advocacy, cultural diplomacy, exchange diplomacy, and international broadcasting. This research was conducted using a descriptive method with a qualitative approach to explore the activities and forms of public diplomacy carried out by Ajikaze. The study results show that Atarashii Kaze's public diplomacy in Indonesia is implemented through a series of activities, such as exchanges through programs (I-mate), cultural visits, and the organization of various events that allow the target audience to actively participate in the cultural experience.
Analisis Hukum terhadap Tindak Pidana Pencurian Identitas di Indonesia
Authors: Diyu Sulaeman  , Anyelir Puspa Kemala
Published: February 2025

The rapid development of technology has led to the emergence of new crimes, one of which is the theft of personal data. Crimes of personal data theft in Indonesia often occur every year, this is due to weak supervision and lack of public education regarding personal data protection, especially according to data from the Ministry of Communication and Information, there are still many regional communities who still do not fully understand digitalization regarding data protection. In the PDP regulation, there are derivative regulations that have not been made by the government, which makes the effectiveness of handling personal data theft still not optimal. From this, problems are obtained, namely how the mode of crime of personal data theft and the extent to which the government prepares to educate the digital community and how legal protection for victims applies in Indonesia. With these two problems, the research method used is juridical normative research. The results of this method show that the perpetrators without asking permission can obtain the personal data of the victims through social media, illegal online loans and lottery scams. In Indonesia itself there is legal protection that regulates, namely in Law. No. 27 of 2022 concerning personal data protection, although the PDP regulation itself creates a new task for the government to make its regulatory delegation..
Assessing the Effects of Menopause and Obesity On Matriptase-2 and Neurokinin B Concentrations : A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Funda  , SAGSOZ Nevin
Published: February 2025

Background: Matriptase-2 (MT2) is implicated in iron metabolism, obesity, insülin resistance, and glucose homeostasis. Neurokinin B (NKB) plays a crucial role in gonadotropin secretion essential for reproduction. The impact of menopause and obesity on MT2 and NKB concentrations remains an enigma. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate how obesity and menopause affect serum concentrations of MT2 and NKB.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 120 female volunteers were divided into four groups: menopausal overweight, menopausal obese, menopausal normal weight (control), and reproductive normal weight (control). The participants’ serum levels of MT2, NKB, iron, ferritin, and relevant biochemical parameters were analyzed using the ELISA method. 
Results: The mean serum concentrations of NKB, MT2, and ferritin were higher in the menopausal overweight and obese groups (p < 0.05). The mean concentrations of NKB, MT2, and estradiol were determined to be higher, and the levels of iron, hemoglobin, glucose, FSH, LH, LDL, and total cholesterol were found to be lower in the reproductive control group when compared with the menopausal control group (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was identified between BMI and NKB, MT2, and ferritin concentrations in menopausal overweight and obese groups (p < 0.05). 
Conclusions: Obesity elevated NKB and MT2 concentrations in menopausal women. The increase in MT2 levels in menopausal overweight or obese women may be one of the factors responsible for the increase in ferritin and body fat ratio. As BMI raised, NKB, MT2, and ferritin concentrations raised in the menopausal overweight or obese groups; therefore, depression of MT2 in obese patients could be beneficial for therapeutic purposes. Additionally, gonadal hormonal changes altered serum concentrations of NKB, and the increase in NKB and gonadotropin levels in menopause may enhance vasomotor symptoms.
THE DOMINANCE OF LOTS IN SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT: THE CHALLENGE OF IMPROVING HOTS IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: Setyorini Ririn
Published: February 2025

The competence of teachers in making test questions for students is very diverse. There are teachers who are able to make HOTS questions, there are teachers who are still using HOTS questions. HOTS questions are questions that measure students' level of critical thinking, for that we need to know how the teacher's competence in making HOTS questions so that students can measure their level of critical thinking in mastering the material taught. This study aims to describe the level of LOTS and HOTS questions made by teachers on formative and summative questions in Indonesian subjects.  The participants in this study are junior high school Indonesian teachers in the Brebes area, Indonesia. This type of research is qualitative descriptive. The data and data source are Indonesian teachers in the Brebes area, Indonesia. The results of the study revealed the dominance of LOTS-based questions (Lower Order Thinking Skills) in summative assessment, which covered 66.9% of the total questions, while HOTS-based questions (Higher Order Thinking Skills) only reached 33.1%. This inequality suggests that assessments still focus on basic abilities such as remembering and comprehension, with minimal attention paid to the development of students' analytical, evaluative, and creative skills. This condition reflects the challenges faced in the preparation of questions, such as the lack of technical training for teachers and the limited guidelines for the preparation of HOTS-based questions. These findings have important implications that ongoing training is needed for teachers to improve their ability to design assessment instruments that encourage students to think more deeply and critically.
THE INFLUENCE OF STUDENT DISCIPLINE ON LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Suyatmi Sri Suyatmi , Saidah Lilis , Yusup Putra Yudhistira , Vitianingrum Dian , Aditama Mint Husen Raya
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the relationship between student discipline and learning achievement in grade 5 elementary school students. This study uses a quantitative approach with comparative and correlational study methods that assess 31 students. The determination of the sample was carried out using the purposive sampling technique. Discipline assessment was carried out by 2 teachers and parents of students using validated instruments, while learning achievement was measured based on semester report card scores. The results of statistical analysis showed that there was a significant positive relationship between student discipline and learning achievement. The t-test score showed a significance of 0.000, which confirms the existence of a strong correlation between discipline and student learning outcomes. Although the correlation between discipline assessments from teachers and parents is not very high, the results of the study still show that students with high levels of discipline tend to have better learning achievement. These findings highlight the importance of implementing effective discipline strategies both at school and at home as an effort to improve student learning outcomes. The study concludes that discipline has an important role in shaping a conducive learning environment and supporting optimal academic achievement. The implication of this study is the need for cooperation between educators and parents in instilling discipline values from an early age to create a more qualified generation. Further research with a wider sample coverage as well as the exploration of additional factors such as motivation and learning strategies is suggested to reinforce these findings.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ZONING SYSTEM AS A SELECTION METHOD FOR HIGH SCHOOL ENTRANCE IN RELATION TO SCHOOL DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Riyan Ardiansyah Feri Arensyi
Published: February 2025

Education is a fundamental pillar of national development, and equitable access to education is crucial for achieving educational equality. In Indonesia, the government has implemented a zoning system as a selection mechanism for State Senior High School admissions. This system prioritizes students based on the proximity of their residence to the school. However, disparities in the distribution of high schools across various regions pose significant challenges to the effectiveness of this policy. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the zoning system in Pasuruan Regency, East Java, by examining the distribution of high schools and its impact on students’ access to education. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, data on the number and location of high schools were obtained from the official website of the Ministry of Education and Culture. The findings reveal that the zoning system is less effective in areas where the distribution of high schools is uneven. Many sub-districts lack adequate school facilities, forcing students to travel long distances or enroll in schools outside their zones, often facing admission barriers due to the zoning policy. As a result, students from underserved areas experience limited educational opportunities, further exacerbating educational inequality. To improve the effectiveness of the zoning system, the government should prioritize the equitable distribution of high school facilities before fully enforcing the policy. Strengthening infrastructure in underserved regions will enhance access to quality education and ensure a more inclusive and fair educational system.
Research on the change of China’s elderly service policies—An empirical analysis based on 117 policy texts
Authors: Liu Sujun
Published: February 2025

Population aging has emerged as a significant global concern. This article analyzes 117 policy texts in China since the reform and opening-up, borrowing Rothwell and Zegveld’s classic policy instrument theory to create a two-dimensional analysis framework. The X-dimension of the framework represents the three fundamental policy tools of supply, environment, and demand, while the Y-dimension consists of internal elements such as service subjects, service targets, service content and methods, and guarantee measures. Using this framework, the elderly service policies are categorized into three stages: the budding stage, the developing stage, and the perfecting stage. The study finds that China’s elderly service policies are primarily driven by environment-type tools, with supply-type and demand-type tools serving as secondary tools. The policy system is structurally imbalanced as a result. Over the long term, the trend is towards an increasing number of issuing subjects for Chinese elderly service policies. Moreover, the number of policies jointly issued by different departments is gradually increasing, and the issuing subjects are becoming increasingly diverse. The positioning of responsibilities among government, market, society, and family has been optimized, and the role of the government is becoming more rationalized.
PERSONAL BRANDING OF FREELANCE MAKE UP ARTIST (MUA) IN PEKANBARU CITY ON INSTAGRAM SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Suci Shinta Lestari  , Mutia Farina
Published: February 2025

Searching for MUA services in the digital era is now easy, with many choices on social media such as Instagram, which allows searches based on domicile, price, characteristics or quality. This research aims to analyze the personal branding of freelance MUAs in Pekanbaru via Instagram, using Montoya's personal branding theory with eight indicators: specialization, leadership, personality, difference, visibility, unity, steadfastness and good name. The research subjects were four freelance MUAs in Pekanbaru, who were selected using snowball sampling techniques. The research results show that MUA uses testimonials, tutorials, and work results to build reputation, interact with audiences, and maintain activity on Instagram. Characteristics and educational abilities are key in personal branding, while steadfastness in facing industry challenges and maintaining a positive image is very important in maintaining professionalism.
Monitoring of selected macro and microelements in some sprouted legume seeds by microwave-assisted digestion and ICP-OES
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Selçuk, 42031, Konya-Turkey, Yılmaz Fatma Gökmen , Özcan Mehmet Musa ,   Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food Engineering, Selcuk University, 42031 Konya, Turkey, Korkmaz Ayşegül ,   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Selçuk, 42031, Konya-Turkey, Özcan Mustafa Mete ,   Aydoganlar High Vocational College, Selcuk University, Karapınar, Konya, Turkey
Published: February 2025

K and P amounts of untreated (control) and germinated legume seeds were recorded to be between 4939.97 (Barbunya bean shell) and 14113.25 mg/kg (Barbunya sprout) to 1690.42 (Soaked barbunya bean shell) and 13131.59 mg/kg (soaked Barbunya seed without Shell), respectively. In addition, while Ca values of barbunya bean samples are established between 282.60 (Soaked barbunya bean without shell) and 6021.32 mg/kg (Barbunya bean cotyledon without sprout), Mg amounts of barbunya bean samples were recorded to be between 2026.31 (Soaked barbunya bean without shell) and 2018.28 mg/kg (untretated barbunya bean seed). Fe and Zn amounts of untreated (control) and germinated legume seed parts were assigned to be between 19.69 (soaked barbunya seed without shell) and 39.26 mg/kg (barbunya cotyledon without sprout) to 10.49 (soaked barbunya seed without Shell) and 28.52 mg/kg (untreated barbunya seed), respectively. While Cu contents of legume seeds are found between 6.09 (soaked barbunya seed without shell) and 11.31 mg/kg (barbunya seed), Mn values of the legume seeds were established to be between 6.80 (soaked barbunya seed Shell) and 19.84 mg/kg (barbunya cotyledon). The highest B was found in untreated barbunya seed. The highest Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and B contents were found in lentil cotyledon (for Fe, Zn and Cu), lentil sprout and untreated pea seeds, while the lowest Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and B contents were determined in soaked lentil seeds without seed
The antimicrobial capacity of the fruits powders added to fortify the spreadable cream cheese
Authors:   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biology, 76 Victoriei Street, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania, Voșgan Zorica , Dumuța Anca ,   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biology, 76 Victoriei Street, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania, Grigor Maria ,   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biology, 76 Victoriei Street, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania, Mihalescu Beatrice ,   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biology, 76 Victoriei Street, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania, Pop Flavia ,   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biology, 76 Victoriei Street, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania, Mihalescu Lucia ,   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biology, 76 Victoriei Street, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania
Published: February 2025

In this study, the spreadable cream cheese obtained from cow's milk has been fortified by fruit powders additions (aronia, sea buckthorn, rose hips, hawthorn) to improve the quality characteristics and increase the preservation degree. The physical-chemical properties after preparation and the microbiological ones at intervals of one, three, and ten days of refrigerated storage were analyzedin order to verify the antimicrobial properties of the added fruit powders. The results showed a slight increase in acidity and a decrease in moisture and fat content for all samples with fruit powders, compared to the control sample. The antimicrobial capacity was indicated by the decrease of the bacteria number, thus at the end of the 10 days monitorization interval the microbial count (log10 CFU g−1) of TPC decreased by 19.25-21.80% compared to the control sample; also, EC was not detected at all in the samples with added powders, and CPS were reduced by 46.44-100%. Forest fruit powders can be used in the dairy products manufacturing as natural ingredients, offering resistance to contamination and consumer safety
Energy bars enhanced with fish hydrolysate and their effects on consumers' sensory perception
Authors:   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Department of Chemistry-Biology, 430122, Str.Victoriei, nr.76, Baia Mare, Romania;, Uivărășan Alexandra Maria , Gite Snehal ,   Bio-Marine Ingredients Ireland Ltd., Unit 9, Lough Egish Food Park,Co. Monaghan.A75 WR82, Ireland, Peter Anca ,   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Department of Chemistry-Biology, 430122, Str.Victoriei, nr.76, Baia Mare, Romania;, Mihaly Cozmuța Leonard ,   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Department of Chemistry-Biology, 430122, Str.Victoriei, nr.76, Baia Mare, Romania;, Nicula Camelia ,   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Department of Chemistry-Biology, 430122, Str.Victoriei, nr.76, Baia Mare, Romania;, Mihaly Cozmuța Anca ,   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Department of Chemistry-Biology, 430122, Str.Victoriei, nr.76, Baia Mare, Romania;
Published: February 2025

This study examines the effect of adding fish hydrolysate to energy bars, on consumer acceptability. Among the five types of fish hydrolysate energy bars prepared with different amounts of hydrolysate (0%, 1%, 3%, 5% and 10%), consumer preferences indicated a positive sensory evaluation only for the products with 0% and 1%. The sample containing 0% hydrolyzed fish had the highest value of the "general acceptability" parameter, while the sample containing 10% hydrolysate presented the lowest value. The 0% hydrolyzed (standard) sample received the highest overall acceptability score (8.29, p > 0.05) from male panelists (28.09% of participants). In the case of panelists residing in the city (56.18% of participants), the highest value for general acceptability was obtained by bars with 0% hydrolyzed. Village participants (43.82% of the participants) attributed the highest degree of general acceptability to the sample with 1% hydrolyzed. They rated the hardness, appearance and color of the samples differently, indicating a great variability between them (p 0.05). According to age, the bars with 3% hydrolyzed scored highest for "color" (7.89), the samples with 10% hydrolysate had the highest scores for "hardness" (7.47) and "stickiness" (7.38), and the samples with 1% hydrolyzed were the most valued for "texture" (7.96) and "stickiness" (7.38). Unfortunately, energy bars with higher protein content (3%, 5% and 10% hydrolyzed) were rejected by consumers due to the "unpleasant smell of fish" and the "very pronounced" taste given by the presence of hydrolysate, requiring an improvement of the technological process.
Apricot chutney – a variety of functional sweet-sour sauce
Authors:   University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Drugă Mărioara , Moldovan Camelia ,   University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Dumbravă Delia Gabriela ,   University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Mișcă Corina Dana ,   University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Hădărugă Nicoleta-Gabriela ,   University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Poiană Mariana Atena ,   University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Velciov Ariana Bianca ,   University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Alexa Ersilia Călina ,   University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Ștef Ducu Sandu ,   University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania
Published: February 2025

Apricots are fruits with an attractive colour, distinctive flavor, and valuable nutritional qualities. They can be consumed fresh, sun-dried, or as jams, marmalades, syrups, jellies, or spiced sauces. They are an important food source, rich in provitamin A and ascorbic acid, with these nutrients gradually increasing throughout the ripening stages. Additionally, apricots are a natural source of polyphenols, proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, and fibers, contributing to their significant biological properties. Apricot chutney is an innovative product in the category of sweet-sour-spicy sauces, made from apricots, onions, and natural powdered spices. This study aimed to develop and characterise the chutney from sensory, physicochemical, and nutritional perspectives. The obtained product has a fine consistency, and a rich aroma, and imparts a unique flavour to the food it accompanies. It is also nutritionally valuable, being rich in polyphenols (78.9±0.42 mg GAE/100g) and exhibiting high antioxidant activity (86.52±0.24 mg Trolox/100g). The energy value of the chutney is 182.65 cal/100g, and it contains no preservatives or synthetic food additives. These results support the recommendation that this product can be confidently consumed.
Vitamin C determination in foods. Titrimetric methods – A review
Authors:   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, 2 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Popescu Sofia , Chiș Tania-Ștefania ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, 2 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Chiricuţă Miruna Georgiana ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, 2 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Vârlan Antonia-Claudia ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, 2 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Pîrvulescu Luminita ,   Faculty of Management and Rural Turism, University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, 300645, Timisoara, Romania, Velciov Ariana ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences „King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, 2 300645, Timisoara, Romania
Published: February 2025

Vitamin C or ascorbic acid is essential for human life and is required for a range of physiological functions in the human body. Ascorbic Acid (AA) is a natural and powerful water-soluble antioxidant. The importance of vitamin C in keeping the human organism in good health has been extensively documented. Human beings cannot produce vitmin C on its own, as it does not possess the required enzymes (L-gulonolactoneoxidase), similar to other primates, guinea pigs, rats and bats. In food analysis, the correct method for the determination of vitamin C should measure the combined content of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid to determine the total content of vitamin C. There are a large number of methods permitting direct analysis of ascorbic. The purpose of this work paper is to present different titration methods used for determination of vitamin C
Antioxidant and nutritional characteristics of some raw vegan appetizers based on vegetables
Authors:   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Dumbrava Delia-Gabriela , Moldovan Camelia ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Poiana Mariana-Atena ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Stef Ducu Sandu ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Misca Corina Dana ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Popa Viorica-Mirela ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Rădoi Bogdan ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Raba Diana-Nicoleta ,   Faculty of Management and Rural Turism, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania
Published: February 2025

Raw vegan foods are obtained exclusively from non-thermally processed vegetable raw materials, are considered "living food" bringing an important supply of enzymes, vitamins and other bioactive principles valuable for human health and that is why they are recommended in the daily menus not only of vegans and vegetarians but also of omnivores. The purpose of this work was primarily to create two raw vegan appetizers based on vegetables: one (RVA1) using carrots, celery, leeks, cherry tomatoes, red bell pepper, garlic and the second (RVA2) with zucchini, avocado, kapia pepper, chili pepper, tomato, garlic. Another aim of the paper was the analysis of the raw vegan appetizers in terms of vitamin C content (iodometric assay), carotenoids (spectrophotometric method), total polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteu assay), antioxidant activity (CUPRAC method), proximate composition and sensory properties (5-point hedonic scale method). The RVA1 assortment stood out for the highest vitamin C content (106.18±1.08 mg ascorbic acid/g), while RVA2 had a higher amount of total polyphenols (3.14±0.06 mg GAE/g) and carotenoids (73.04±0.24 μg/g). Antioxidant activity of RVA2 was slightly higher (10.27±0.46 mg Trolox/g) than that of RVA1 (9.62±0.46 mg Trolox/g). Of the two raw vegan appetizers, RVA1 had a much lower caloric content than RVA2, in the first product quantitatively predominating carbohydrates, and in the second lipids. At the sensory analysis, both products obtained very good scores (over 4.5) for all characteristics, RVA2 being better appreciated in terms of texture, taste and aroma (4.70, 4.85 and 4.80) than RVA1 (4.55, 4.70 and 4.75).
Impact of the biotechnological applications in the case of the citrus fruits flavours extraction on the quality of the juices, jellies and the medicinal candies
Authors:   Life of Science University "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iasy, Radu Steluța
Published: February 2025

Currently, the assortments of the juices and jellies which are obtained by adding identical natural flavours or artificial flavours are large and have a high frequency of consumption at the children. In addition, candies as sugary products, but also medical candies, in the manufacturing recipes, flavours that give them the pleasant aromatic taste which is associated by the fruits. The pesticide residues were removed by immersing the fruits and keeping them in water 48 hours; at the peel fraction, it was measured the yield of it, then it was separated the aromas by extraction with alcoholic solutions with different concentrations. Following the cryo-concentration the flavor in the gelatin gel, flavored gels were introduced into cold liquid mixtures in the case of juices at 2-5ºC, in warm solid mixtures in the case of jellies at the 10ºC and medical candies at 20ºC. No flavor or color changes were obtained after the preparation of the citrus fruit extracts. Even the aroma remained persistent and the associated color. The biotechnological phases applied did not change the sensory or physical and chemical characteristics of the cryo-jellies obtained from citrus fruit extracts. It were prepared 14 samples from the concentrations of extracts by 1%, to 10% in one step and to the concentrations of 15% to 50% in the next step. To test the extracted flavours, fruit juices were used in two variants, the first variant with a concentration of 100% fruit juice and the second variant with a concentration of 50% with a dilution of 1:2. The results were the following: the yield of peel separation in the analysed citrus fruits decreases from 21.14% in mandarin to 4.24% in the grapefruit. The amount of flavour extracted after 3 days at the lime fruits the variation was from 62.6% (5% alcoholic sol.) to 27.8% (25% alcoholic sol). The cryo-jellies indicated an increasing concentration of the extract at lime, mandarin, orange, grapefruit and an average inflection point at the cryo-jellies of the orange (95%-43.27%), mandarins (95%-17.72%), lemon (77.4%-51.4%), lime (62.6%-27.8%) between the concentrations of 5-25%. Thus, initially the addition substances used to preserve citrus fruits were eliminated, in the case of some citrus fruits, such as the lemon, lime, orange, grapefruit and mandarin. In the second stage it was followed by extraction of flavouring substances, then concentration by freezing, impregnation on a gelatine backing and testing of oily citrus aroma on the juices or candies.
Human Rights and Legal Reforms in Indonesia: Challenges and Progress
Authors: Iswahyudi Eko
Published: February 2025

This study examines the challenges and progress of human rights and legal reforms in Indonesia, focusing on the country’s evolving legal framework and its alignment with international human rights standards. Using a qualitative research methodology and a literature review approach, the study analyzes various legal reforms initiated since the fall of the authoritarian regime in 1998. It highlights key developments in areas such as freedom of speech, minority rights, and judicial independence, while also addressing ongoing challenges related to law enforcement, corruption, and discrimination against marginalized groups. The research draws upon academic sources, governmental reports, and international human rights organizations to assess the effectiveness of Indonesia’s legal reforms and their impact on protecting human rights. Findings indicate that although significant progress has been made, particularly in legal transparency and democratic governance, Indonesia still faces substantial hurdles in fully realizing its human rights commitments. Issues such as impunity for past human rights violations, restrictions on freedom of expression, and the lack of comprehensive legal protection for vulnerable populations persist. The study concludes that while Indonesia has made commendable strides in legal reforms, further efforts are required to ensure consistent and equitable enforcement of human rights laws across all sectors of society. Recommendations include strengthening legal institutions, enhancing public awareness of human rights, and aligning national laws more closely with international treaties.
A Glimpse of Hope for the Rohingya
Authors: Xu Winona
Published: February 2025

On Thursday, 13 February 2025, a federal criminal court in Buenos Aires, Argentina, took a significant step toward international criminal accountability by issuing arrests warrants for Senior General Min Aung Hlaing and 24 other Myanmar military officials. This marks the first public arrest warrants to be issued against the Myanmar military in a universal jurisdiction case. This legal development represents a rare moment of hope for the roughly one million Rohingya forced to live in refugee camps in Bangladesh.
Historias de Una Mujer en la Trinchera de la Salud Pública
Authors: Agusto Álvarez María José
Published: February 2025

No siempre somos conscientes del instante en que un sueño se convierte en destino, pero en mi caso, la vocación por la medicina fue como una semilla que germinó en el silencio de la infancia. No fue solo un anhelo romántico de ayudar a otros; fue la comprensión temprana de que la salud, más que un derecho, era un privilegio al que muchos jamás accederían.
“La bata blanca se convirtió en el símbolo de una lucha que apenas entendía, pero que ardía en mi interior con la fuerza de una certeza inquebrantable”.
Sin embargo, con los años, descubrí que responder a ese llamado implicaba mucho más que aprender anatomía o salvar vidas. Implicaba romper barreras, resistir el peso de los prejuicios y, sobre todo, sostenerme en pie cuando todo parecía empujarme al abandono.
Capítulo 17: Modelo de identificación y gestión del riesgo en la creación de carteras de inversión
Authors:   Universidad de la Amazonia, Forero Mendoza Alexandra , Garrido Hurtado Dora Lilia ,   Universidad de la Amazonia, Valderrama Enna Alexandra ,   Cardona Universidad de la Amazonia
Published: February 2025

Este estudio tiene como propósito analizar cómo los modelos económicos y financieros pueden identificar los riesgos asociados a la inversión y conformar una cartera óptima para las empresas. La metodología empleada incluyó la revisión de variables macroeconómicas clave, como el Producto Interno Bruto (PIB), la inflación y las tasas de interés, así como el uso de la teoría de diversificación de Markowitz para minimizar el riesgo. Los resultados muestran que la diversificación de la cartera de inversión, el análisis fundamental y técnico, y la inversión a largo plazo son estrategias clave para lograr el éxito en la inversión. Se enfatiza la importancia de mantener un monitoreo constante de las condiciones macroeconómicas para la toma de decisiones. La investigación concluye que la implementación de modelos financieros y el análisis de variables económicas permiten una gestión más efectiva de los riesgos en mercados volátiles, contribuyendo así a la estabilidad del mercado.
Capítulo 18: La comunicación y el comportamiento en las organizaciones: un marco teórico
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, López Luna Luis Nathanael , López López Emeterio ,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ruiz Reyes Laura Imelda ,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, León Salazar Ana Lizveth ,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, León López Roberto Carlos ,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Chávez León Arely ,   Colegio Chapultepec Sur
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la comunicación organizacional en relación al comportamiento humano. En las organizaciones se intenta que la comunicación interna sea visualizada como estratégica y no sólo como operativa por la organización. La vinculación de la comunicación a los objetivos y resultados organizacionales, establece la necesidad de plantearla dentro de todas las fases del proceso administrativo, ya que, en el caso de las instituciones educativas ligadas al sector público y otras organizaciones también públicas, se refleja un interés limitado en estas variables, donde los procesos no plantean estrategias tendientes a lograr los resultados, lo cual presenta los logros como algo no esencial. Son comportamientos que pueden estar arrojados por los tipos de liderazgo, el poder sindical, grupos de poder al interior respaldados por grupos externos. Hipótesis: la comunicación en las organizaciones representa una estrategia, aunque se tienen limitaciones importantes debido a la falta de continuidad en relación a los objetivos planteados.
Capítulo 19: El Síndrome de Burnout: análisis y modelos explicativos
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO / Universidad Central del Valle, Muñoz Muñoz Cristian Fernán , Lozano Rodríguez Felipe ,   Universidad del Valle, Correa Claudia Milena ,   Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira / Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Asher Carmona John Ferdinand ,   Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO / Universidad Central del Valle, Loaiza Loaiza Jorge Ariel ,   Universidad de Investigación e Innovación de México (UIIX), Posada Orrego Orlando ,   Universidad del Valle
Published: February 2025

El Síndrome de Burnout ha sido abordado por diversos modelos teóricos que explican sus causas y desarrollo. Entre los más influyentes están el modelo de Freudenberger (1974), el modelo de Demanda-Control de Karasek (1979), el modelo de Maslach (1982), el modelo de Energía de Codo (2005) y el modelo sistémico. Objetivo: todos estos modelos buscan explicar cómo factores individuales y organizacionales contribuyen al agotamiento emocional, la despersonalización y la baja realización personal. Además, proporcionan enfoques para la prevención y el tratamiento del Burnout. El modelo de Freudenberger describe el Burnout como un proceso gradual, mientras que el de Maslach lo divide en tres dimensiones clave. El modelo de Karasek destaca la interacción entre demandas laborales y control, y el de Codo se enfoca en el desequilibrio entre recursos personales y demandas. Finalmente, el modelo sistémico ofrece una visión integral, considerando todos los factores involucrados en el fenómeno.