bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using spatially variable nitrogen application and crop responses to evaluate crop nitrogen use efficiency
Authors: Hegedus Paul B. , Ewing Stephanie A. , Jones Clain , Maxwell Bruce D.
Published: March 2023

Low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is ubiquitous in agricultural systems, with mounting global scale consequences for both atmospheric aspects of climate and downstream ecosystems. Since NUE-related soil characteristics such as water holding capacity and organic matter are likely to vary at small scales (< 1 ha), understanding the influence of soil characteristics on NUE at the subfield scale (< 32 ha) could increase fertilizer NUE. Here, we quantify NUE in four conventionally managed dryland winter-wheat fields in Montana following multiple years of sub-field scale variation in experimental N fertilizer applications. To inform farmer decisions that incorporates NUE, we developed a generalizable model to predict subfield scale NUE by comparing six candidate models, using ecological and biogeochemical data gathered from open-source data repositories and from normal farm operations, including yield and protein monitoring data. While NUE varied across fields and years, efficiency was highest in areas of fields with low N availability from both fertilizer and estimated mineralization of soil organic N (SON). At low levels of applied N, distinct responses among fields suggest distinct capacities to supply non-fertilizer plant-available N, suggesting that mineralization supplies more available N in locations with higher total N, reducing efficiency for any applied rate. Comparing modelling approaches, a random forest regression model of NUE provided predictions with the least error relative to observed NUE. Subfield scale predictive models of NUE can help to optimize efficiency in agronomic systems, maximizing both economic net return and NUE, which provides a valuable approach for optimization of nitrogen fertilizer use.
Satellite Remote Sensing of Surface Winds, Waves, and Currents: Where are we Now?
Authors: Hauser Danièle , Abdalla Saleh , Ardhuin Fabrice , Bidlot Jean-Raymond , Bourassa Mark , Cotton David , Gommenginger Christine , Evers-King Hayley , Johnsen Harald , Knaff John , Lavender Samantha , Mouche Alexis , Reul Nicolas , Sampson Charles , Steele Edward C.C , Stoffelen Ad
Published: March 2023

This review paper reports on the state-of-the-art concerning observations of surface winds, waves, and currents from space and their use for scientific research and subsequent applications. The development of observations of sea state parameters from space dates back to the 1970s, with a significant increase in the number and diversity of space missions since the 1990s. Sensors used to monitor the sea-state parameters from space are mainly based on microwave techniques. They are either specifically designed to monitor surface parameters or are used for their abilities to provide opportunistic measurements complementary to their primary purpose. The principles on which is based on the estimation of the sea surface parameters are first described, including the performance and limitations of each method. Numerous examples and references on the use of these observations for scientific and operational applications are then given. The richness and diversity of these applications are linked to the importance of knowledge of the sea state in many fields. Firstly, surface wind, waves, and currents are significant factors influencing exchanges at the air/sea interface, impacting oceanic and atmospheric boundary layers, contributing to sea level rise at the coasts, and interacting with the sea-ice formation or destruction in the polar zones. Secondly, ocean surface currents combined with wind- and wave- induced drift contribute to the transport of heat, salt, and pollutants. Waves and surface currents also impact sediment transport and erosion in coastal areas. For operational applications, observations of surface parameters are necessary on the one hand to constrain the numerical solutions of predictive models (numerical wave, oceanic, or atmospheric models), and on the other hand to validate their results. In turn, these predictive models are used to guarantee safe, efficient, and successful offshore operations, including the commercial shipping and energy sector, as well as tourism and coastal activities. Long-time series of global sea-state observations are also becoming increasingly important to analyze the impact of climate change on our environment. All these aspects are recalled in the article, relating to both historical and contemporary activities in these fields.
Electrochemical sensor based on epoxy-functionalized BEA nanozeolite and graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode for bisphenol E determination
Authors: Miller Alex H. , Nguyen Huong Thi-Thanh , Nery José G. , Fielding Alistair J.
Published: March 2023

An epoxy-functionalized beta type nanozeolite (BEA)/graphene oxide nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE/BEA/APTMS/GA/GO/NF) has been created for the differential pulse voltammetric determination of bisphenol E (BPE). The modified electrode presented an enhanced current response in comparison with bare GCE. A linear dependence of anodic peak current (Ip) and scan rate (ν) was observed, which showed that the electrochemical process was adsorption-controlled. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employed and optimized for the sensitive determination of BPE. Under the optimized conditions, the anodic peak current was linearly proportional to BPE concentration in the range between 0.07 and 4.81 µM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.995 and limit of detection 0.056 μM (S/N = 3). The electrode showed good repeatability and storage stability, and a low response to interfering compounds. Comparison was made to the determination of bisphenol A. To confirm the electrode analytical performance, recovery tests were performed, and deviations lower than 10% were found. The BEA zeolite-GO nanocomposite proved to be a promising sensing platform for bisphenol determination.

Graphical abstract
An AI framework to support decisions on GDPR compliance
Authors: Lorè Filippo , Basile Pierpaolo , Appice Annalisa , de Gemmis Marco , Malerba Donato , Semeraro Giovanni
Published: March 2023

The Italian Public Administration (PA) relies on costly manual analyses to ensure the GDPR compliance of public documents and secure personal data. Despite recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have benefited many legal fields, the automation of workflows for data protection of public documents is still only marginally affected. The main aim of this work is to design a framework that can be effectively adopted to check whether PA documents written in Italian meet the GDPR requirements. The main outcome of our interdisciplinary research is INTREPID (art ficial i elligence for gdp complianc of ublic adm nistration ocuments), an AI-based framework that can help the Italian PA to ensure GDPR compliance of public documents. INTREPID is realized by tuning some linguistic resources for Italian language processing (i.e. SpaCy and Tint) to the GDPR intelligence. In addition, we set the foundations for a text classification methodology to recognise the public documents published by the Italian PA, which perform data breaches. We show the effectiveness of the framework over a text corpus of public documents that were published online by the Italian PA. We also perform an inter-annotator study and analyse the agreement of the annotation predictions of the proposed methodology with the annotations by domain experts. Finally, we evaluate the accuracy of the proposed text classification model in detecting breaches of security.
Development and characterisation of an alginate and expanded graphite based composite for thermochemical heat storage
Authors: Reynolds Jack , Williams Rhodri , Elvins Jonathon , Jewell Eifion , Searle Justin , Ke Xinyuan
Published: March 2023

Thermochemical heat storage is one of the most attractive technologies to store heat from solar thermal energy or waste heat from industrial processes for its high energy density and long-term storage capability. This research presents a novel expanded graphite/alginate polymer matrix encapsulated with hydrated salts as highly efficient thermochemical heat storage materials. Through the simple synthesis method, the composite material can be sized and shaped to fit multiple applications, and be easily scaled where needed. Through the reversible hydration and dehydration reaction, the incorporated CaCl2 salt can store and release heat. Thermal energy from solar thermal generators or low grade waste heat sources (< 200 °C) is appropriate for the dehydration of CaCl2. A salt loading value of 84% has been achieved with visible porosity maintained. Static heat is used to study the charge reaction, whereas a flow of humid air through a packed bed is used to study the discharge reaction where temperature uplifts between 10–14 °C were observed. A vermiculite/CaCl2 composite is used as a comparison in both reactions. Additionally, bulk density, surface porosity, surface area, moisture sorption and thermal conductivity are considered. The results show that the novel composite materials developed in this study can achieve better packing density and comparable energy density comparing to the conventional vermiculite/CaCl2 composite, but with higher thermal conductivity leading to enhanced energy efficiency.

Graphical Abstract
Psychopathy in Iran: Developing and Validating a Persian Version of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality- Self-Report (CAPP-SR)
Authors: Sajjadi S. Fatemeh , Emadi Zahra , Shameli Leila , Gross Julien , Zargar Yadollah , Sellbom Martin
Published: March 2023

The Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality-Self-Report (CAPP-SR) is the most recent operationalization of the CAPP model which uses 33 symptoms to conceptualize psychopathic personality disorder. In the current study, we sought to examine the cross-cultural utility of the CAPP-SR in an Iranian sample. In Study 1, we translated the CAPP-SR into Persian and assessed the linguistic convergence between the Persian and original English versions using a sample of Persian–English bilingual university students in New Zealand. In Study 2, we examined the reliability and validity of the Persian CAPP-SR using a sample of university students in Iran. Our results showed that the Persian CAPP-SR has a promising pattern of convergent and incremental validity in terms of their associations with conceptually-relevant criterion measures, including those designed for the Iranian cultural context. Overall, the findings from the current study support the use of the Persian CAPP-SR as well as having implications for the cross-cultural utility of the CAPP model.
Analysis: Flawed Datasets of Monkeypox Skin Images
Authors: Vega Carlos , Schneider Reinhard , Satagopam Venkata
Published: March 2023

The self-proclaimed first publicly available dataset of Monkeypox skin images consists of medically irrelevant images extracted from Google and photography repositories through a process denominated web-scrapping. Yet, this did not stop other researchers from employing it to build Machine Learning (ML) solutions aimed at computer-aided diagnosis of Monkeypox and other viral infections presenting skin lesions. Neither did it stop the reviewers or editors from publishing these subsequent works in peer-reviewed journals. Several of these works claimed extraordinary performance in the classification of Monkeypox, Chickenpox and Measles, employing ML and the aforementioned dataset. In this work, we analyse the initiator work that has catalysed the development of several ML solutions, and whose popularity is continuing to grow. Further, we provide a rebuttal experiment that showcases the risks of such methodologies, proving that the ML solutions do not necessarily obtain their performance from the features relevant to the diseases at issue.
On Modified Halpern and Tikhonov–Mann Iterations
Authors: Cheval Horaţiu , Kohlenbach Ulrich , Leuştean Laurenţiu
Published: March 2023

We show that the asymptotic regularity and the strong convergence of the modified Halpern iteration due to T.-H. Kim and H.-K. Xu and studied further by A. Cuntavenapit and B. Panyanak and the Tikhonov–Mann iteration introduced by H. Cheval and L. Leuştean as a generalization of an iteration due to Y. Yao et al. that has recently been studied by Boţ et al. can be reduced to each other in general geodesic settings. This, in particular, gives a new proof of the convergence result in Boţ et al. together with a generalization from Hilbert to CAT(0) spaces. Moreover, quantitative rates of asymptotic regularity and metastability due to K. Schade and U. Kohlenbach can be adapted and transformed into rates for the Tikhonov–Mann iteration corresponding to recent quantitative results on the latter of H. Cheval, L. Leuştean and B. Dinis, P. Pinto, respectively. A transformation in the converse direction is also possible. We also obtain rates of asymptotic regularity of orderO(1/n) for both the modified Halpern (and so in particular for the Halpern iteration) and the Tikhonov–Mann iteration in a general geodesic setting for a special choice of scalars.
“Overestimated technology – underestimated consequences” – reflections on risks, ethical conflicts, and social disparities in the handling of non-invasive prenatal tests (NIPTs)
Authors: Baldus Marion
Published: March 2023

New technologies create new complexities. Since non-invasive prenatal tests (NIPTs) were first introduced, keeping pace with complexity constitutes an ongoing task for medical societies, politics, and practice. NIPTs analyse the chromosomes of the fetus from a small blood sample. Initially, NIPTs were targeted at detecting trisomy 21 (Down syndrome): meanwhile there are sequencing techniques capable of analysing the entire genome of the unborn child. These yield findings of unclear relevance for the child’s future life, resulting in new responsibility structures and dilemmas for the parents-to-be.

The industry’s marketing strategies overemphasize the benefits of the tests while disregarding their consequences. This paper chooses the opposite path: starting with the underestimated consequences, it focuses on adverse developments and downsides. Disparities, paradoxes, and risks associated with NIPTs are illustrated, ethical conflicts described. Indications that new technologies developed to solve problems create new ones are examined. In the sense of critical thinking, seemingly robust knowledge is scrutinized for uncertainties and ambiguities. It analyses how the interplay between genetic knowledge and social discourse results in new dimensions of responsibility not only for parents-to-be, but also for decision-makers, authorities, and professional societies, illustrated by a review of different national policies and implementation programmes. As shown by the new NIPT policy in Norway, the consequences can be startling. Finally, a lawsuit in the United States illustrates how an agency can risk forfeiting its legitimation in connection with the inaccuracy of NIPTs.
Underwater optical wireless communication system: Deep learning CNN with NOMA-based performance analysis
Authors: Salama Wessam M. , Aly Moustafa H. , Amer Eman S.
Published: March 2023

This research is looking forward improving the performance for underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) by applying a Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique. We also get the benefit of the advantage the transmission based on convolutional neural network hybrid with a long short-term memory cell. The relays selection and power optimization are two main parameters to enhance the UOWC system performance. In this work, we suppose a pairing method for NOMA nodes. By replacing the inner dense connections with convolution layers, this model is proposed to overcome high complexity and over fitting to improve the model performance. The obtained performance for sum rates show that NOMA outperforms the orthogonal multiple access system by ~ 6%. Applying a step-by-step sub-optimization algorithm (SSOPA) yields better results than using fixed power allocation (FPA), while using a global optimal power allocation algorithm (GOPA) increases the sum rates over both FPA and SSOPA. It is found that the improvement when using GOPA combined with CNN approach enhances the performance of sum rates by ~ 2.5% than using the independent-relay-aided NOMA (ICNOMA) for UOWC. The GOPA improvement is 1.2%, 2.5%, 8.7% over FPA and is 0.12%, 0.34%, 2.09% over SSOPA, for clear, pure, and coastal water, respectively. The ICNOMA outperforms both ordinary NOMA (ONOMA) and cooperative NOMA (CNOMA) without independent relay nodes. The ICNOMA achieves an improvement over ONOMA and CNOMA by 20.4% and 3.2%, respectively.
Vulnerability and Human Rights: Which Compatibility?
Authors: Pariotti Elena
Published: March 2023

By embracing the ontological view of vulnerability and stressing its social basis, the paper aims to clarify the role of vulnerability within human rights paradigm.

Vulnerability is conceived of by the author as a heuristic notion, which works as a pillar for a general approach to some crucial challenges to human dignity. Both this heuristic notion and these challenges are regarded in the paper as hallmarks for the human rights paradigm.

In order to ground this view, the coherence between “vulnerability turn” and the rationale of human rights relies on a four-steps argument dealing with: (i) the denial of a necessary mismatch between the notion of vulnerability and the principle of autonomy; (ii) the appreciation of relation in human rights conceptualization; (iii) the complementarity between vulnerability, as a heuristic notion, and the principle of equality; (iv) the understanding of vulnerability as a “vehicle of empathy” not necessarily involving paternalist trends and therefore not in conflict with the empowerment purposes of human rights.

The relevance of “vulnerability turn” in human rights paradigm is defended in the paper within a view of human rights as basic rights, i.e. as means to prevent or fight against those threats that seriously affect basic human needs.
State Provision of Resilience in Social Compulsory Care: A Vulnerability Analysis of Physical Constraint of Children and Youth Without Consent
Authors: Mattsson Titti , Enell Sofia
Published: March 2023

Children’s and young persons’ rights have received increasing been focus in recent decades, due in a significant degree to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. In Sweden, compulsory care in the social-services system is disputed, not least for the forceful measures that facility personnel have at their disposal to control children in certain conflict situations. The general aim of this article is to examine how the increased emphasis in Sweden on children’s rights is promoting resilience for children and youth in youth compulsory secure-care settings. A more general question is whether the child-rights discourse leads in practice to increased resilience for children and youth in this setting, or even in general. The empirical material shows that children and young people’s perceptions of care and treatment are strongly linked to their interactions with staff and how the staff use restrictive measures. Applying Martha Fineman’s vulnerability theory in this context means that achieving resilience demands an analysis of the institutional settings in which children and young persons live their day-to-day lives, including their relationships in this setting. Comparing the legal possibilities of physical constraint with interviews of children and personnel reveals that relevant legislative frameworks and children’s-rights discourse should serve as a protection mechanism for children and youths, but in real life, these seem to have limited effect.
Unemployment and Mental Health: An Instrumental Variable Analysis Using Municipal-level Data for Finland for 2002–2019
Authors: Amin Saqib , Korhonen Marko , Huikari Sanna
Published: March 2023

We explore the effect of unemployment on mental health, using data from Finnish municipalities for the period 2002–2019. We measure mental illness using a mental morbidity index, as well as mental health care utilization and the use of antidepressants. There are significant differences across municipalities in Finland in both prevalence of mental health issues and illnesses, along with unemployment. Establishing a causal link between these two variables is challenging because of their reverse causality and joint determination. Using instrumental variable estimation, we establish a causal effect from unemployment to mental health. We present a strong connection between unemployment and mental health, especially for males between 25 and 64 years of age. Similar connection is not found among younger or older males, nor among females. Our findings are robust, since the results hold for various mental health measures. Our results reflect the possibility of differing mental health effects across the sources of unemployment.
Social Cohesion and Firms’ Access to Finance in Africa
Authors: Walle Yabibal M.
Published: March 2023

Social cohesion has recently gained increasing attention in academic and policy circles. Apart from being a necessary feature of stable societies per se, social cohesion is also a key factor for sustainable economic development. One potential means through which social cohesion could foster economic development is by enhancing financial development. In this paper, I examine whether social cohesion is significantly associated with firms’ access to finance in Africa. To this end, I use a recently constructed dataset on social cohesion in Africa, which contains indices for the three pillars of social cohesion – trust, inclusive identity and cooperation for the common good. Combining this dataset with that of the World Bank Enterprise Surveys, I build a sample which covers more than 12,600 firms and 27 African countries. The results show that all three components of social cohesion are positively associated with at least one measure of firms’ access to external finance. In particular, trust – but not inclusive identity and cooperation for the common good – is significantly associated with the likelihood that firms have a checking or savings account, or are financially constrained. When we measure access to finance with respect to having a line of credit or a loan from a financial institution, all the three pillars of social cohesion, including inclusive identity and cooperation for the common good, are related to access to finance. The results are robust to addressing endogeneity concerns using a heteroskedasticity-based identification strategy.
Conversing with Friends or (Higher) Education Beyond the Logic of Production
Authors: Korsgaard Morten Timmermann , Zamojski Piotr
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we will propose an idea of education as conversations between friends on matters of common concern. In a scholarly and pedagogical climate of competition, testing and accountability, there seems to be little room for true pedagogical and scholarly conversation. What we aim to develop here, is a vocabulary that is able to capture some educational experiences that are being repressed in the current educational and academic discourse and practice. Starting from our own experiences as higher education workers, we argue for a way of speaking about educational practices that focus on the matters of common concern that gather – and put into conversation - students and teachers. We call this conversation a studious discourse so as to distinguish it from other forms of conversation and outline a definition of the kinds of friendships that potentially revolve around this form of communication. We base our argument on a reading of Jürgen Oelkers and Martin Wagenschein’s pedagogical and didactical reflections and propose ultimately that education is not about the inner development of measurable skills or competences, but rather about becoming part of particular forms of communication about matters of common concern.
Impact of natural betaine supplementation on rumen fermentation and productive performance of lactating Damascus goats
Authors: Ghoneem Wafaa Mostafa Ali , El-Tanany Reham Roshdi Ali
Published: March 2023

Two natural betaine sources; dehydrated condensed molasses fermentation solubles (Bet1) and Betafin®, a commercial anhydrous betaine extracted from sugar beet molasses and vinasses (Bet2); were used to investigate their impact on rumen fermentation parameters and lactation performance of lactating goats. Thirty-three lactating Damascus goats, with an average weight of 37 ± 0.7 kg and their age ranged from 22 to 30 months (2nd and 3rd lactation season), were divided into three groups, each group contained 11 animals. The control group (CON) was fed ration without betaine. While the other experimental groups were fed a control ration supplemented either with Bet1 or Bet2 to provide a 4 g betaine/kg diet. Results confirmed that betaine supplementation improved nutrient digestibility and nutritive value, and increased milk production and milk fat contents with both Bet1 and Bet2. Significant increases in concentration of ruminal acetate were observed in betaine-supplemented groups. Goats fed dietary betaine non-significantly recorded higher concentrations of short and medium-chain fatty acids (C4:0 to C12:0), and significant lower concentrations of C14:0 and C16:0 in milk. Also, both Bet1 and Bet2 non-significantly decreased the blood concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides. Therefore, it could be concluded that betaine can improve the lactation performance of lactating goats and produce healthy milk with beneficial characteristics.
Effect of replacing cottonseed meal with canola meal on growth performance, blood metabolites, thyroid function, and ruminal parameters of growing lambs
Authors: Agwa Haitham M. M. , Saleh Hisham M. , Ayyat Mohamed Salah , Abdel-Rahman Gamal A.
Published: March 2023

The objective was to clarify the impact of replacing cottonseed meal with canola meal (CM) on growth performance, blood metabolites, thyroxin function, and ruminal parameters of growing lambs. Twenty-four growing Barki male lambs (4–5 months of age) were assigned randomly into four equal groups (6 lambs each). Four dietary treatments were the control group with 0% CM (CON) and three experimental groups where CM replaced 25% (CN1), 50% (CN2), and 75% (CN3) of cottonseed meal. There were no dietary effects (P > 0.05) on the lambs’ feed intake, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio of the lambs. The dietary CM linearly decreased the concentrations of serum total proteins (P = 0.003), albumin (P = 0.010), globulin (P = 0.011), AST (P = 0.041), and urea (P = 0.001) in growing lambs. The levels of ALT and creatinine, however, were not significantly affected by dietary treatments (P > 0.05). Furthermore, serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and electrolyte concentrations were similar (P > 0.05) in different dietary groups. Dietary treatments significantly affected the values of ruminal pH and ammonia at 0 h (P = 0.003 and 0.048, respectively) and 3 h (P = 0.033 and P = 0.006, respectively) postfeeding. The CN3 group showed significantly higher concentrations of ruminal ammonia at 0 and 3 h postfeeding. Furthermore, dietary CM (CN3) significantly reduced the ruminal pH values at 0 and 3 h postfeeding. Meanwhile, dietary treatments did not affect the concentration of total VFAs in the ruminal fluid. In conclusion, CM can replace the cottonseed meal (up to 75%) in lamb diets without compromising their growth performance, thyroid function, and ruminal fermentation parameters.
Subregional origins of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants during the second pandemic wave in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Anoh Etilé A. , Wayoro Oby , Monemo Pacôme , Belarbi Essia , Sachse Andreas , Wilkinson Eduan , San James E. , Leendertz Fabian H. , Diané Bamourou , Calvignac-Spencer Sébastien , Akoua-Koffi Chantal , Schubert Grit
Published: March 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants with increased transmissibility, virulence and immune escape abilities have heavily altered the COVID-19 pandemic’s course. Deciphering local and global transmission patterns of those variants is thus key in building a profound understanding of the virus’ spread around the globe. In the present study, we investigate SARS-CoV-2 variant epidemiology in Côte d’Ivoire, Western sub-Saharan Africa. We therefore generated 234 full SARS-CoV-2 genomes stemming from Central and Northern Côte d’Ivoire. Covering the first and second pandemic wave the country had been facing, we identified 20 viral lineages and showed that in Côte d’Ivoire the second pandemic wave in 2021 was driven by the spread of the Alpha (B.1.1.7) and Eta (B.1.525) variant. Our analyses are consistent with a limited number of international introductions of Alpha and Eta into Côte d’Ivoire, and those introduction events mostly stemmed from within the West African subregion. This suggests that subregional travel to Côte d’Ivoire had more impact on local pandemic waves than direct intercontinental travel.
Ketogenic diets initiated in late mid-life improved measures of spatial memory in male mice
Authors: Zhou Zeyu , Kim Kyoungmi , Ramsey Jon J. , Rutkowsky Jennifer M.
Published: March 2023

Studies have shown ketogenic diets (KD) started from early middle-age improved health span and longevity in mice. KDs started later in life or administered intermittently may be more feasible and promote compliance. Therefore, this study sought to test if continuous or intermittent KDs started in late-middle-aged mice would improve cognition and motor function at advanced age. Eighteen-month-old male C57BL/6JN mice were assigned to an isocaloric control (CD), KD, or intermittent ketogenic (IKD, 3-day KD/week) diet. A panel of behavior tests were performed to assess cognitive and motor functions with aging. Y-maze alternation rate was higher for both IKD and KD mice at 23 months of age and for KD mice at 26 months indicating an improved spatial working memory. Twenty-six-month-old KD mice also showed better spatial learning memory in Barnes maze when compared to the CD. Improved grid wire hang performance was observed in aged IKD and KD versus CD mice indicating better muscle endurance under isometric contraction. A reduced level of circulating proinflammatory cytokines in aged KD (IL-6 and TNF-α) and IKD (IL-6) mice may contribute to the phenotypic improvements observed with these interventions. This study demonstrates that when initiated at late-middle age, the KD improved measures of spatial memory and grid wire hang performance in aged male mice, with IKD showing results intermediate to the CD and KD groups.
Process ownership in science–practice collaborations: the special role of transdisciplinary processes in sustainable transitioning
Authors: Scholz Roland W. , Steiner Gerald
Published: March 2023

The complexity and importance of environmental, societal, and other challenges require new forms of science and practice collaboration. We first describe the complementarity of method-driven, theory-based, and (to the extent possible) validated scientific knowledge in contrast to real-world, action-based, and contextualized experimental knowledge. We argue that a thorough integration of these two modes of knowing is necessary for developing ground-breaking innovations and transitions for sustainable development. To reorganize types of science–practice collaborations, we extend Stokes’s Pasteur’s quadrant with its dimensions for the relevance of (i) (generalized) fundamental knowledge and (ii) applications when introducing (iii) process ownership, i.e., who controls the science–practice collaboration process. Process ownership is a kind of umbrella variable which comprises leadership (with the inflexion point of equal footing or co-leadership) and mutuality (this is needed for knowledge integration and developing socially robust orientations) which are unique selling points of transdisciplinarity. The extreme positions of process ownership are applied research (science takes control) and consulting (practice takes process ownership). Ideal transdisciplinary processes include authentic co-definition, co-representation, co-design, and co-leadership of science and practice. We discuss and grade fifteen approaches on science–practice collaboration along the process ownership scale and reflect on the challenges to make transdisciplinarity real.
Work and Gender in the Context of Spatial Mobility and Migration: the Case of Highly Skilled Italians Abroad
Authors: Samuk Sahizer , Burchi Sandra , Kalocsányiová Erika
Published: March 2023

Young, skilled and educated Italians have been  emigrating in record numbers: About 160,000 Italians moved abroad in 2018 alone. While much of recent research focused on the economic drivers of this spatial mobility, this article explores highly skilled Italians’ mobile life projects from a gender perspective. Our study was guided by the following research questions: How do mobility and migration intersect with gender relations and career success in the lives of highly skilled Italians living abroad? What role does gender play in highly skilled Italians’ decisions about moving and staying abroad? Our research, which drew on semistructured in-depth interviews conducted with 51 university graduates, was part of a larger study of the determinants and trends in the new migration of the highly skilled from Tuscany, a region in Italy. Using Strauss and Corbin’s three-stage coding process to analyze the interviews, we identified four core themes of particular concern to participants when comparing Italy with the contexts they encountered abroad: gender-sensitive culture in the workplace, strategic and dialogic mobile life projects, impact of state and workplace policies and (subjective) age vis-à-vis temporariness. Our results both confirmed the findings of previous studies and prompted new questions in need of further investigation, such as experiences of gender (in)equality and their power to transform short-term mobility into mobile life projects or permanent migration, dual-career couples’ spatial mobility, and the impact of mobility on normative beliefs about key life events.
A two-point boundary value problem associated with Hamiltonian systems on a cylinder
Authors: Fonda Alessandro , Ortega Rafael
Published: March 2023

We prove the existence of multiple solutions for a two-point boundary value problem associated with Hamiltonian systems on a cylinder. Unlike the periodic problem, where the Poincaré–Birkhoff Theorem plays a central role, no twist condition is needed here.
Innovation Business Model Based on New Technologies and Company Relationships
Authors: Dymitrowski Adam , Mielcarek Paweł
Published: March 2023

Fierce market rivalry between companies has forced a need to search for new ways of competing. One such way is to innovate the company’s business model innovation with the use of new technologies. In order to do so, companies often take advantage of relationships with different market actors. Although the existing literature provides some general insight on this matter, there is still a significant research gap concerning the use of specific market actors by companies characterized by BMI based on new technologies. The aim of the paper is to assess the role of relationships developed by companies characterized by BMI based on new technologies with different types of entities. In order to achieve the aim of the paper, it was decided to perform both qualitative and quantitative research. For the qualitative research, a focus study with 12 participants was performed, and for the quantitative study, a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) with representatives from 483 companies was carried out. The data collection method included not only primary sources (interviews with managers) but secondary sources (e.g., company materials) as well. The main conclusion drawn from the presented research is that it is beneficial (in terms of technology as well as performance indicators — profits, sales, market share, and ROI) for companies characterized with BMI based on new technologies to develop relationships with various types of entities. These various types should not only include suppliers or buyers, but competitors, the company’s internal and external units, universities and research centers, financing agencies, and government or local government administration as well. The results presented in the paper add significant value to the existing knowledge. Not only is the paper one of a few which touch on the matter of relationships developed by companies characterized by BMI based on new technologies, it also provides new information. It adds a new block to the theories of open innovation and resource-based view.
An enterprise adaptive tag extraction method based on multi-feature dynamic portrait
Authors: Li Xiang , Ding Xingshuo , Xie Qian , Gao Shangbing , Zhu Quanyin
Published: March 2023

User portrait has become a research hot spot in the field of knowledge graph in recent years and the rationality of tag extraction directly affects the quality of user portrait. However, most of the current tag extraction methods for portraits only consider the methods based on word frequency statistics and semantic clustering. These methods have some drawbacks: they cannot effectively discover the preferred themes of the enterprise, dynamically update the portrait tags, and adapt to the needs of the enterprise. In this paper, we propose an enterprise adaptive tag extraction method based on multi-feature dynamic portrait (ATEMDP). ATEMDP first uses K-means to measure the similarity between enterprise texts in preference division, and converts similar enterprise text clustering problems into tag feature clusters to obtain the point cluster structure containing the distribution of tag preference topics. In addition, in the multi-feature selection, the professional domain thesaurus is introduced for feature expansion, and the topic text is introduced into the Bert model as a sample set to discover the potential features of the enterprise text. In the end, in dynamic tag extraction, BiLSTM and CNN are used to extract features, and dynamic preference tags are obtained by updating enterprise text. THUCNews data set and Ente-pku data set are used for simulation, and seven other methods are considered in comparison. The experimental results indicate that ATEMDP is not only superior to other conventional methods in accuracy and F1-score, but also effectively solves the dynamic tagging problem of enterprise portrait.
Mass-loss effects on the non-Darcy seepage characteristics of broken rock mass with different clay contents
Authors: Cao Zhilin , Xie Qiang , Xu Xianyu , Sun Weichen , Fumagalli Alessio , Fu Xiang
Published: March 2023

A seepage testing system was designed and a series of seepage experiments on broken rock was conducted using different original porosity conditions and clay contents. The mass-loss process of the broken rock and the change in water flow velocity were investigated. After the mass-loss test, the non-Darcy seepage characteristics of the broken rock were tested through a step-by-step pressure-reduced seepage test. The experimental results show that the mass-loss and water velocity evolution during the water inrush could be divided into four stages: acceleration, stable with slight fluctuations, reacceleration, and stable. The lost-mass and change in water velocity were positively correlated with the clay contents and negatively correlated with the original porosity. By introducing the evolution equation of the Kozeny-Carman equation and the liquid limit index which characterises the effective particle size, the prediction model of the permeability coefficient was built. Six prediction models of the non-Darcy coefficient were verified against the testing results. The prediction model of the critical flow velocity from a Darcy flow to a non-Darcy flow using the Forchheimer number was also established. The results could provide an important reference for understanding water inrush mechanisms, adopting effective control measures for water inrush events, and calculating the water influx of tunnels.
A Simple Characterization of Assignment Mechanisms on Set Constraints
Authors: Zhan Ping
Published: March 2023

We consider the problem of allocating divisible/indivisible goods to agents according to agents’ ordinal preferences. Hashimoto et al. [15] provided a nonalgorithmic and axiomatic characterization of well-studied probabilistic serial (PS) mechanism. Recently, Fujishige et al. [12] generalized the PS mechanism where goods are enlarged from a fixed set to a family of sets which is a polytope defined by a system of linear inequalities associated with submodular functions. The above extended PS (EPS) greatly improved the flexibility of allocations. Based on these two results, in this paper, we investigate the nonalgorithmic and axiomatic characterization of EPS. We show that the EPS rule is the only mechanism satisfying the ordinal fairness and a newly defined non-wastefulness. The submodularity plays a crucial role in our arguments.
Tracking Control Based on GPS Intelligent Buoy System for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Under Measurement Noise and Measurement Delay
Authors: Liu Qiang , Li Muguo
Published: March 2023

This paper deals with the real-time tracking control problem for an autonomous underwater vehicle based on an acoustic-based positioning method, i.e., the so-called GPS intelligent buoy system, which causes inevitable measurement delay. The measurement delay increases the control difficulty and degrades the tracking accuracy. Additionally, the exact modeling for an autonomous underwater vehicle is difficult due to uncertain hydrodynamic parameters. Based on these findings, a model-free control scheme is proposed. In the proposed scheme, the GPS intelligent buoy system provides the position signals without velocity measurements. Considering the measurement noise, a robust exact differentiator is used instead of the traditional numerical differentiation method to obtain the derivatives of position signals, which saves the limited actuator energy of autonomous underwater vehicles. Simulations are performed to verify the validity of the proposed control scheme. The results demonstrate that the proposed control scheme can achieve high timeliness and high tracking accuracy for autonomous underwater vehicles. Compared to the conventional model predictive control, the proposed controller requires 89.7% less average calculation time. In addition, the proposed controller outperforms the conventional proportion-differentiation controller in root-mean-square error by approximately 62.3−80.7%.
Managing an Unidentified Jellyfish Sting with Mixed Envenomation Syndrome at a Noncoastal Hospital: Is This a New Form of Jellyfish Envenomation?
Authors: Sivanasworn Naresh Kumar , Anantham Geetha , Jamal Shamsuriani Md , Hatta Munawar Mohamed , Ismail Ahmad Khaldun
Published: March 2023

Jellyfish stings are the most common cause of marine envenomation in humans. Various species of box jellyfish have been identified around Penang Island, Malaysia, and these include multitentacled and four-tentacled box jellyfish (class Cubozoa). The typical syndrome following envenomation from these jellyfish has been poorly documented, posing a greater challenge when managing an unidentified jellyfish sting from Penang Island. We report a case of a 32-y-old man from Penang Island who was stung by an unidentified jellyfish while walking into the sea. The patient reported that he felt an immediate and severe electric current‒like pain over both thighs, left flank, and left forearm, followed by chest discomfort and breathlessness. Vinegar was applied over the affected areas, and he was rushed to a hospital, where he was treated with analgesia, steroids, and antihistamine. He refused hospitalization and was discharged against medical advice. He then presented to a noncoastal hospital 377 km away in Kuala Lumpur on the following day with severe pain over the affected sites as well as chest discomfort, shortness of breath, and abdominal cramps. The electrocardiograph demonstrated features of Wolff-Parkinson-White. Serial blood test results showed elevated creatine kinase but normal troponin I levels. The patient was managed symptomatically over a period of 4 d and was discharged with cardiology follow-up. Appropriate health-seeking behavior needs to be emphasized. This case report provides an opportunity to document the signs and symptoms of envenomation from possibly an undescribed jellyfish species near the coastal waters of Penang Island.
An Introduction to Metametaphysics
Authors: Tahko Tuomas E.
Published: March 2023

How do we come to know metaphysical truths? How does metaphysical inquiry work? Are metaphysical debates substantial? These are the questions which characterize metametaphysics. This book, the first systematic student introduction dedicated to metametaphysics, discusses the nature of metaphysics - its methodology, epistemology, ontology and our access to metaphysical knowledge. It provides students with a firm grounding in the basics of metametaphysics, covering a broad range of topics in metaontology such as existence, quantification, ontological commitment and ontological realism. Contemporary views are discussed along with those of Quine, Carnap and Meinong. Going beyond the metaontological debate, thorough treatment is given to novel topics in metametaphysics, including grounding, ontological dependence, fundamentality, modal epistemology, intuitions, thought experiments and the relationship between metaphysics and science. The book will be an essential resource for those studying advanced metaphysics, philosophical methodology, metametaphysics, epistemology and the philosophy of science.
Letters I Never Mailed
Authors: Wilder Alec , Demsey David
Published: March 2023

Letters I Never Mailed: Clues to a Life, by Alec Wilder, in a new, annotated edition with introduction and supplementary material by David Demsey, foreword by jazz pianist Marian McPartland, and photographs by Louis Ouzer.
Lionel Tertis
Authors: White John
Published: March 2023

This new biography examines the life and work of Lionel Tertis, almost solely responsible for the rise of the viola in the twentieth century.
The Making of Restoration Poetry
Authors: Hammond Paul
Published: March 2023

A survey of Restoration poetry, from the forms in which it was disseminated to studies of important texts.
William Alwyn
Authors: Johnson Ian
Published: March 2023

Ian Johnson's evaluation of Alwyn's film music places his achievement in the context of wider movements within the film industry.
Grounding Zone of Amery Ice Shelf, Antarctica, From Differential Synthetic‐Aperture Radar Interferometry
Authors: Chen Hanning , Rignot Eric , Scheuchl Bernd , Ehrenfeucht Shivani
Published: March 2023

We employ a time series of Sentinel‐1 differential radar interferometry data from 2018 to detect the variability in grounding line position of the Fisher, Mellor, and Lambert glaciers, which drain about 47 billion tons of ice per year from East Antarctica. We observe kilometer‐scale tidal migration, two orders of magnitude larger than expected for ice flowing over a hard bed. The migration is not in phase with changes in oceanic tide. In two estuaries underlaid by subglacial channels, we observe two states of migration that switch on and off over time scales of several weeks. The range of vertical motion reveals a water column thickness of 2–20 cm. Such intrusions of seawater over wide grounding zones are not accounted for in physical models. Including them will add vigorous melting of grounded ice that will enhance the sensitivity of glaciers to ocean warming and increase projections of mass loss.