bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence Survey of Varicella, Measles, Rubella, and Hepatitis A and B Viruses in a Multinational Healthcare Workforce in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almuneef M. A. , Memish Z. A. , Balkhy H. H. , Otaibi B. , Helmi M.
Published: August 2016

Objective.

To determine the prevalence of the vaccine-preventable diseases caused by varicella, measles, rubella, and hepatitis A and B viruses in a multinational healthcare workforce.

Design.

Prospective cohort study.

Setting.

A 750-bed tertiary care center located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods.

In compliance with hospital policy, newly recruited healthcare workers (HCWs) were enrolled in the study from September 2001 to March 2005. Serum samples were collected from all HCWs during the initial hiring process and tested for IgG antibodies against each of the 5 viral agents. Nonimmune HCWs were subsequently vaccinated at the earliest opportunity.

Results.

A total of 4,006 newly hired (international and local) employees were included in the study. All underwent serologic testing for IgG antibodies against varicella, measles, rubella, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B viruses. Of the total, 63% were female and 37% were male. Middle Eastern employees comprised 47% of the total, followed by employees from the Far East (35%), the West (10%), and Africa (8%). Forty-two percent were nurses, 27% were in administration, 18% were medical technicians, and 13% were physicians. Among the 4,006 newly hired HCWs, 14% had negative IgG antibody test results for varicella virus, 13% for measles virus, 10% for rubella virus, 33% for hepatitis A virus, and 43% for hepatitis B virus. More women than men were susceptible to hepatitis A (40% vs. 24%; P< .001), whereas more men were susceptible to hepatitis B (55% vs. 35%; P< .001). Varicella susceptibility was more common among HCWs from the Far East (19%), whereas susceptibility to measles, rubella, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B was highest among HCWs from the Middle East. Both relative youth and male sex were associated with lack of antibodies against hepatitis B virus and rubella virus. In contrast, female sex and younger age were associated with lack of antibodies against hepatitis A virus (P< .001).

Conclusion.

Seroprevalence surveys of vaccine-preventable diseases among HCWs, although labor intensive, are invaluable in caring for a multinational workforce.
Queensland Literature
Authors: Buckridge Patrick
Published: August 2016

The idea of ‘Queensland Literature’ has a history, but a rather discontinuous one. During the present century, it has emerged sporadically at particular historical moments, rather than as a constant preoccupation, which is how the idea of an Australian literature has figured during this period. An explanation of the different profiles of national and state literary histories in the post-Federation era might begin by asking what is at stake in each case? The cultural beneficiaries of one ‘construction’ of Australian literature are different from those of other, competing constructions of Australian literature. Nationally, there are social and political identities at stake. But at the state level, for most of this century, literature seems to have been much less involved in identity politics of that kind, considerably less than one might have expected, given the ferocity of interstate rivalry in sporting and other areas.
The Invisible Transformation Of Local Government In Queensland
Authors: Tucker Doug
Published: August 2016

In 1993, Queensland's Local Government Act was revised for the first time since 1936. This paper is born of a realisation, based on research sponsored by the Local Government Association of Queensland, that much less is known and understood about the development of local government in Queensland than we have previously believed. The consequences of this are particularly serious at present, because important changes are currently being made to local government features on the basis of a very imperfect understanding of the role, operation and significance of those features. In this paper, I deal with an important aspect of the territorial dimension of local government, and point to the contemporary significance of a deeper appreciation of the development of local government from the territorial perspective.
Coast versus Inland
Authors: Holmes John
Published: August 2016

The statement that ‘Queensland is different’ is entrenched within the folklore of Australian political and social commentary. The case is not persuasive, certainly no more so than the case that Tasmania or South Australia or any other state is ‘different’. Those who have pursued the argument have focused selectively on the modicum of differences reasonably to be expected among the peoples, institutions and socio-political processes and preoccupations of six ‘sovereign’ states.
Regionalism in Audiovisual Production
Authors: Cunningham Stuart
Published: August 2016

A great deal has been made of the boom in audiovisual production based in southern Queensland (and to some extent in northern Queensland) in the 1990s. This follows a pattern throughout the so-called ‘revival’ period (since the early 1970s) in Australia which has seen successive moments of regional upsurge. In the 1970s, it was South Australia, under the energetic leadership of the South Australian Film Corporation, that saw many of the best feature films and several of the early historical mini-series of the early revival period made in that state (see, for example, Moran). During the early to mid-1980s, Western Australia, with the location of bold production houses such as Barron Films and strong independent documentary traditions, offered robust regional opportunities, culminating in such memorable films as Shame and Fran.
'Paradise Beach'
Authors: Malone Jacki , Schembri Peter
Published: August 2016

According to one newspaper report, Paradise Beach was initially marketed in the US as a ‘very hip, very cool’ Australian serial about three good-looking suburban kids finding romance and adventure in an endless summer. Here, in Australia, Channel 9 did something rather similar:

PARADISE BEACH is where the perfect white sand stretches for miles; where the music is hot and the party just goes on and on. It's where teenagers from everywhere converge to cut loose, find the perfect wave, and fall hopelessly in love. And that's exactly what happens with our four young and passionate central characters and their friends.
'A Policy Review of the Queensland Museum, prepared for the Hon. Dean Wells, MLA, Minister for Justice and Attorney-General and Minister for the Arts, by the Queensland Museum Policy Review Panel, December 1992'. 106 pages including appendices
Authors: Pitts Judith
Published: August 2016

A Policy Review of the Queensland Museum, prepared for the Hon. Dean Wells, MLA, Minister for Justice and Attorney-General and Minister for the Arts, by the Queensland Museum Policy Review Panel, December 1992. 106 pages including appendices
'In Search of Steele Rudd, Author of the Classic Dad & Dave Stories'. Richard Fotheringham, St. Lucia: University of Queensland Press, Cloth. 227pp, 1995, $34.95
Authors: Buckridge Patrick
Published: August 2016

In Search of Steele Rudd, Author of the Classic Dad & Dave Stories. Richard Fotheringham, St. Lucia: University of Queensland Press, Cloth. 227pp, 1995, $34.95
'For The Good Of The Community'. Noel Quirke, Brisbane: Boolarong Press, 501 pp, with index, 1994, $45
Authors: Hunter Roger
Published: August 2016

For The Good Of The Community. Noel Quirke, Brisbane: Boolarong Press, 501 pp, with index, 1994, $45
'Beethoven by Bus'
Authors: McKay Belinda
Published: August 2016

In the last issue of Queensland Review, it was argued that the idea of Queensland literature has a history, and that the various competing formulations of that idea have implications for Queensland identity and politics. Queensland art, likewise, has some currency as an idea, particularly as an ‘art off centre’ to borrow the title of a recent conference. It is, therefore, somewhat surprising that the idea of ‘Queensland music’ has not emerged as a useful way of constructing a cultural or political identity. ‘Music in Queensland’, suggesting an exotic and not fully acclimatized cultural form, is instead the designation used in the few — mostly unpublished — works which treat Queensland's musical history.
Employment and Training Opportunities in Manufacturing Industries
Authors: Roan Amanda
Published: August 2016

Manufacturing industries continue to be promoted by governments and commentators as vital to the provision of quality employment and the furthering of export performance. It has been extensively argued that the adoption of advanced manufacturing technology which require highly trained staff will provide quality employment and facilitate the building of the national skills base. However, women employed in manufacturing have generally been concentrated in low skilled employment and non-trade occupations. Therefore, it cannot be assumed that that the upgrading of skills in manufacturing industries will benefit women. This paper examines women's employment in two manufacturing industries in the Brisbane area — Food Processing and Light Metal Products. It shows that, although there is increasing evidence that these industries have increased their training effort, there is little evidence to suggest that women employed in manufacturing in Queensland have been able to capitalise on these opportunities.
The 'Malay' Community in Pre-war Darwin
Authors: Martínez Julia
Published: August 2016

This paper examines the ‘Malay’ community in pre-war Darwin, focusing on those men who were brought to Australia to work in the pearling industry. It considers their status within the community, and questions the degree to which the White Australia policy impinged upon their lives. The term ‘Malay’ in this context does not refer to the ‘Malays’ of present-day Malaysia, but rather to the ambiguous colonial construction which was loosely based on notions of ‘racial’ grouping. Adrian Vickers’ study of South-East Asian ‘Malay’ identity points to its multiple forms: the colonial constructions of the British and the Dutch; the existence of non-Muslim Malays; and the many ethnic groups whose identities cut across the national boundaries which form present-day Malaysia and Indonesia and the southern Philippines. In the Australian context, the works of John Mulvaney and Campbell Macknight have examined Macassan contact with northern Aboriginal groups, particularly in the Gulf of Carpentaria. According to Mulvaney, the term ‘Macassan’ was used to refer to the Bugis and Macassan seafarers who came to Australia from southern Sulawesi. He notes, however, that nineteenth-century Europeans, such as French commander Baudin and Matthew Flinders referred to them as ‘Malays’.
Position Paper: Profiting from Poverty
Authors: Kidd Ros
Published: August 2016

In December 1995 I spent a week with the Aboriginal community of Palm Island. Here seven elderly men and women shared with me their life stories; stories of families torn apart by police deportations, of confinement in dormitories, of hunger and hardship, of decades of forced unpaid labour, and recent years of struggle on partial wages. These Aboriginal workers have been fighting for ten years to force the Queensland government to abide by the laws of the nation. Citing 1975 Federal anti-discrimination legislation which confirms that no worker should be paid less than the legal entitlement solely on the grounds of race, religious beliefs, or gender, these workers had turned to the Human Rights Commission for justice.
Industrial Relations and Queensland Public Policy
Authors: Hunt Doug
Published: August 2016

On 11 November 1996 the Premier of Victoria, Jeff Kennett announced that his government would refer its powers over industrial relations to the Commonwealth. This decision, he said, “reflects the overwhelming consensus among industrial relations experts that a single industrial relations system is both desirable and inevitable”. The announcement was greeted enthusiastically by the proposed recipients: to the Prime Minister, John Howard, it was a “practical example of cooperative Commonwealth/State relations” and “a ringing endorsement of the Federal Government's industrial relations reforms”. The Minister for Industrial Relations, Peter Reith (who was credited with successful negotiation of the intergovernmental agreement on the terms of referral) hailed it as “a major micro-reform initiative.” Media commentary was only marginally less optimistic. It was reported that the other key national players — the ACTU, employers, the federal Opposition and the Democrats — also welcomed the move to a unitary industrial system. Benefits were seen in the elimination of duplication and administrative hurdles, making the state more attractive for overseas investors, and in the provision of an enhanced safety net for Victorian workers. The general theme of the coverage was summed up in the comment that the decision was “a victory for the national interest”.
A State of Harmony?
Authors: McKay Belinda
Published: August 2016

The subject of this paper is music in Queensland, rather than Queensland music. Although we speak readily enough, and unselfconsciously, about Queensland literature or Queensland art, the idea of ‘Queensland music’ (suggesting that there is something distinctive about music composed here) sits uncomfortably to those of us who are not Queensland composers-and even to some who are. I will not be concerned in this paper with distinguishing between the original and the derivative in Queensland musical culture. Rather, I begin from the premise that Queenslanders — like people elsewhere — have developed a unique set of cultural interactions with music, reflecting our particular history and social conditions. In this understanding of music, performance has as much social and cultural significance as composition.
The Pioneer and the Cosmopolitan
Authors: Lafferty George , Van Fossen Anthony
Published: August 2016

With the rise of economic globalisation and the increasing power of supra-national forces (particularly major corporations), the capacities of national governments to regulate economic development have declined. However, the role of sub-national governments, particularly state governments, has grown, as national governments have looked to local and regional areas to achieve greater international competitiveness (Harding 1996: 645–647). Major corporations operate according to a global, ‘borderless’ rationale, while local and regional policy makers are very much bound by their spatial location (Keating 1993: 376–378). This paper assesses the capacities of state governments and local communities within a globalised economy to regulate development. It focuses on tourism in Queensland and Hawaii, through an examination of the careers of the initiators of the largest tourism developments in the two states — Keith Williams in Queensland and Christopher Hemmeter in Hawaii. Each has become a tourist icon in his respective state. Whereas Williams has a public image as a dogged pioneer and builder, Hemmeter's public image is of a restless cosmopolitan designer. The paper evaluates their two careers within the context of the contrasting approaches to regulation of tourism development in Queensland and Hawaii.
Unmasking Whiteness
Authors: Moreton-Robinson Aileen
Published: August 2016

Since invasion and subsequent colonisation, Australia has a history of preferring and privileging people who have white skin. As I have remarked elsewhere:

Whiteness in its contemporary form in Australian society is culturally based. It controls institutions, which are extensions of White Australian culture and is governed by the values, beliefs and assumptions of that culture and its history. Australian culture is less White than it used to be, but Whiteness forms the centre and is commonly referred to in public discourse as the ‘mainstream’ or ‘middle ground’ (Moreton-Robinson 1998:11).
White Blindfolds and Black Armbands
Authors: Ferrier Carole
Published: August 2016

Analyses or descriptions of the history of race relations (and cultural production) in what has been called Australia for about a hundred years, have frequently been informed by two orientations that might be simply categorised as the white blindfold and the black armband positions. In many cases, these two mindsets can be observed in other Western cultures although the interaction between them, and the society around them, gets played out differently in particular places at particular times.
'Brisbane: Corridors of Power'. Brisbane History Group, Papers No. 15, Brisbane: Brisbane History Group, 1997. 214 pages
Authors: Craik Jennifer
Published: August 2016

Brisbane: Corridors of Power. Brisbane History Group, Papers No. 15, Brisbane: Brisbane History Group, 1997. 214 pages
Achieving Integrated Planning in a Federal Westminster System of Government
Authors: Booth Geoffrey
Published: August 2016

Since all resources are limited, their most judicious and efficient use can only be achieved through forethought and planning. Such resource allocation decisions are predominantly made by government. When this function is spread across three levels of government each with their own departments of state and other agencies this task is made more difficult. Integrated planning involves the coordinated delivery of Commonwealth, State, Local Government and private sector investment to implement an agreed plan. The level of government in both Canada and Australia best placed to initiate, formulate and guide the implementation of such integrated plans is local government. This is despite the fact that it has no constitutional recognition and, in both revenue raising and expenditure terms, it remains very much the third tier of government.
Peanut Butter, Salmonella Poisoning and Children
Authors: McDonald Lyn , Härtel Charmine E.J.
Published: August 2016

Imagine the following scenario: your six-year-old daughter has come home sick from primary school with stomach cramps, diarrhoea and vomiting. You envisage a touch of gastro-enteritis – after all, it is common in kids – and expect it to blow over quickly. She's off her food and will only eat a few things, including peanut butter on toast. After a few days, her condition has worsened to the point that your family GP is considering hospitalising her. Later, you hear on the radio that Kraft, which initially only recalled eight brands of peanut butter, is recalling its entire peanut butter range due to possible contamination with salmonella bacteria from mouse droppings found in batches of roasted peanuts from a Kingaroy supplier (BRW 2.9.96). If this were you, chances are that you would feel angry because it is your daughter who has been affected. You are involved.
'The Modern Athens'
Authors: Harris Marjorie
Published: August 2016

When the Ipswich Punch described colonial Ipswich as ‘the Modem Athens of the North’ (quoted in Deppeler-Hagan 1999: 28), it endowed the fledgling city with the image of a strong cultural background based on the traditions of Europe. However, the literary culture which existed in that period could not reflect all that the appellation might imply. Some of the town's inhabitants may have been educated in England and brought knowledge of European literature and thought to the new colony, but many were more concerned with earning a living than with cultivating their minds.
The First Ascent of Mt Lindesay
Authors: Thomson Robert
Published: August 2016

Mt Lindesay lies in the McPherson Range on the border between New South Wales and Queensland. Described by one early twentieth century writer as resembling ‘a crown pumpkin or a huge pudding mould’, its remarkable tiered upper section has long captured the imagination of those who care to gaze upon its vertical cliffs and dramatic lines.
Parades and Processions
Authors: Ryan Delyse
Published: August 2016

Parades and processions were a major feature of life in Brisbane during World War I. Parades typically passed through the central business district turning the entire city into an urban backdrop for a public perfonnance. Recruitment was a major issue for Australia during World War I and military parades featured prominently in the life of the city. The Brisbane Courier described the recruiting marches as ‘long columns of robust, khaki-clad manhood’ which ‘have swung down the street, with soldierly gait, setting a bright, sturdy example to shirkers to “go and get their dungarees on”’. By positioning the soldiers as heroic, well-built, and positive, processions helped to generate public enthusiasm for the war and to convince prospective recruits to join up. The message to the community is clear: if our soldiers are fit and spirited, then the Allies will win the war. But the marches were not only a way to rally new recruits, they also acted as public displays of civic solidarity. Parades gave citizens the opportunity to demonstrate their patriotic feelings. ‘Patriotism’, whether for King, country, or for ‘our boys’, was the dominant performative concept. In this way, governments, community organisations, theatrical managements, and the residents themselves contributed to the establishment of certain war-time traditions for the representation of civic patriotism on the streets in Australia.
Queensland – Smart State, Positioning Queensland
Authors: Wiltshire Kenneth
Published: August 2016

Positioning the Queensland Smart State Initiative requires a close appreciation of key international perspectives that are developing in this arena. In particular, the paradigm shift that has occurred from information economy to information society to knowledge society, sends powerful signals. Moreover, there is a developing consensus on what the ingredients of a knowledge society should be. Queensland now has a clear list of policy choices to make and some housekeeping to undertake.
Patrick Collins. 'Goodbye Bussamarai: The Mandaranji Land War, Southern Queensland 1842–1852'. St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, 2002. 305 + xv pp. $34.00
Authors: Veracini Lorenzo
Published: August 2016

Patrick Collins. Goodbye Bussamarai: The Mandaranji Land War, Southern Queensland 1842–1852. St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, 2002. 305 + xv pp. $34.00
Lyall Ford. 'Poorhouse to Paradise: The Adventures of a Pioneering Family in a North Queensland Country Town'. Freshwater, Qld: Taipan Press, 2001. 219 + xix pp. $29.95
Authors: Herd Bruce M.
Published: August 2016

Lyall Ford. Poorhouse to Paradise: The Adventures of a Pioneering Family in a North Queensland Country Town. Freshwater, Qld: Taipan Press, 2001. 219 + xix pp. $29.95
Palaeobotany of the Bunya Pine
Authors: Hernandez-Castillo Genaro R. , Stockey Ruth A.
Published: August 2016

The bunya pine (Araucaria bidwillii Hook) is one of the most interesting species of the family Araucariaceae, a typical Southern Hemisphere conifer (Table 1) family that includes three living genera: Araucaria de Jussieu, Agathis Salisbury and the recently described genus Wollemia Jones, Hill and Allen. Araucaria bidwillii is traditionally classified in the Section Bunya of genus Araucaria. In addition to the section Bunya, there are three more sections in the genus Araucaria: Eutacta Endlicher and Intermedia White from Australasia, and Araucaria (=Columbea) Wilde and Eames from South America.
Against the Grain
Authors: Evans Raymond
Published: August 2016

Idyllic accounts of South-East Queensland's triennial bunya festivals - invariably written by Europeans - seem to float like beckoning mirages above a relative historiographical desert.' The story of the bunya gatherings in the coastal Blackall Ranges or in the Bunya Mountains, at the north-eastern periphery of the Darling Downs, is largely cut adrift from the intricate race relations history of these districts, its aura of ‘romantic reminiscence’ conveniently unsullied by surrounding patterns of colonialism, racism and violence which punctuate the extended process of European intrusion and displacement.
Tropicalia
Authors: Sim Jeannie
Published: August 2016

What is tropicalia? It's a garden that looks tropical. Hawaiian landscape architect Richard C. Tongg explained in 1960, ‘developing gardens on the theme of “tropicalia”, [means] making gardens in the tropics look the part, instead of being pale copies of other styles’. So what makes a garden look tropical? Earlier in the 1930s, Richard Tongg with garden writer Loraine E. Kuck provided the first clues to defining tropical garden character – three essential characteristics. I have argued there are other telltales from my research into early Queensland garden history. A summary of the qualities that distinguish tropical garden or landscape character is offered here.
The Acclimatisation Society Gardens
Authors: Brouwer Catherine
Published: August 2016

The Acclimatisation Society Gardens are lost but there are surviving fragments in the present day Bowen Park and the old Exhibition Building gardens. There are some photos and Society records which survive in archives, but there are many tantalising, yet missing parts to the story. This paper attempts to reconstruct the story of an important aspect of early Brisbane's cultural history.
Planning for Conservation of the Rockhampton Botanic Gardens
Authors: Taylor John
Published: August 2016

Rockhampton is the principal city of Central Queensland. In the nineteenth century the city and the colony of Queensland were pursuing the policies of settlement, development and growth followed by the other colonies of Australia and in the British Empire.
Cultivating Identity: The Gardens at Gracemere
Authors: Emmison Laura
Published: August 2016

The gardens at Gracemere homestead established by the Archer family in the mid nineteenth century represent an extant example of historical subtropical gardens in Queensland. They are, for this reason, highly significant gardens within the Queensland context. However, this paper sets out to describe and appreciate their form, not within this context, but as a unique statement of identity. The gardens at Gracemere can in one sense be seen as embodying a dialogue with the past – they are at this level a cultural artefact created consciously in emulation of the Archer family home, Tolderodden, in Norway, and consciously or unconsciously as an expression of nineteenth century European middle class notions of the genteel domestic garden. This proposition rests on notions theorized in the literature on landscape and memory/landscape and identity; that identity – personal, class, national – is often inextricably bound up with nostalgic memories or histories of a homeland landscape.
The Oasis
Authors: Cooke Glenn R.
Published: August 2016

My interest in The Oasis developed from research I have been pursuing into cultural icons in Brisbane: how they are defined and how they develop. I would suggest the development of ‘iconic’ status for any site is a construction of shared memory and is very much tied to place and identity. Over the fifty years of its existence, The Oasis, in the suburb of Sunnybank, was intimately integrated into the social fabric of Brisbane. It held its place in the affections of Brisbanites and of the many southern visitors who came to enjoy our winter sun. In these terms The Oasis and its tropical gardens became one of Brisbane's icons and, within the terms of our conference theme, an exemplar of ‘Tropical pleasures’.
Tropical Gardens
Authors: Hansman Dinah
Published: August 2016

The myth of the ‘tropical garden’ probably originated with historical accounts of tropical rainforest. Charles Darwin, in 1822, described his first encounter with tropical rainforest thus: ‘Delight … is a weak term to express the feelings of a naturalist who, for the first time, has wandered by himself in a Brazilian forest … the beauty of the flowers, the glossy green of the foliage, but above all the general luxuriance of the vegetation, filled me with admiration …’. About fifty years later, Isabella Bird wrote to her sister of her first impressions of Honolulu: ‘And beyond the reef and beyond the blue, nestling among cocoanut trees and bananas, umbrella trees and breadfruits, oranges, mangoes, hibiscus, algarroba [carob (Ceratonia siliqua)] and passion-flowers, almost hidden in the deep, dense greenery, was Honolulu’. These images of lushness, luxuriance, colour, warmth and the exotic carry on into the popular modern perception of the ‘tropical garden’.
E. J. Banfield as Naturalist
Authors: Zeller Robert
Published: August 2016

Visitors to Dunk Island these days can choose to stay at an expensive resort. They may arrive by air at the island's airstrip or by regular boat service from the mainland. They can sail, swim or snorkel. And if they take one of the walking tracks, they may find the cairn that marks the resting place of E. J. Banfield and his wife Bertha, who lived on the island from 1897 to 1923. I would guess that few of those who encounter the site know who Banfield was or what he was doing on Dunk — or even why they should care.
Langafonua — Building a New Life
Authors: Zuber Charles , Ahrens Prue
Published: August 2016

Redland Shire lies between the Brisbane City limits and the waters of Moreton Bay and is named after its red soil, which has provided fertile farmland since the establishment of the City of Brisbane. The photographic collection entitled ‘Langafonua’ pictures Pacific Islanders building a new life in Redland Shire. In 2002 it was exhibited in the Redlands Gallery from 16 March to 12 April, and then at the Australian Historical Association Annual Conference in Brisbane in July. The photographs and text explore aspects of cultural life of the Polynesian families who immigrated from the South Pacific in the 1970s. The title ‘Langafonua’ connotes the aspirations of this community as it attempts to build a new life in Australia. The migrant families pictured here work in fields that are often on the cusp of rezoning for residential development. Much of the land is still owned by retired Italian farmers who lease the farms to Tongans and Samoans. In the hands of the Islanders, the farms produce the yams, sweet potatoes and bele so beloved by the Polynesian community.
The 'Psychic Space' of Queensland in the Work of Janette Turner Hospital
Authors: Lovell Sue
Published: August 2016

In January 1967 Janette Turner Hospital left Queensland for Boston. She was unpublished. 25 years of age, and very much the product of a loving but fundamentalist childhood that she understood as the ‘source of all comfort and security, but also the source of all harm’. She has called America. India. Canada and France ‘home’ and has also frequently taught in other European countries. Although she has two adult children who have made their lives in the United States and Canada, her parents and three younger brothers remain in Brisbane, so she returns regularly to sustain family ties.
Literary Sidelights on Wartime Brisbane
Authors: Clarke Patricia
Published: August 2016

There have been several anecdotal accounts of the literary scene in Brisbane during World War II and numerous references in more general works. In 2000, Queensland Review published some reminiscences of writers Estelle Runcie Pinney, Don Munro, Val Vallis and David Rowbotham, under the title ‘Writing in Brisbane during the Second World War’. Some of the more important general works include Judith Wright's ‘Brisbane in Wartime’, Lynne Strahan's history of Meanjin and Judith Armstrong's biographical work on the Christesens, The Christesen Romance. My interest in this subject arose from editing Judith Wright's autobiography, Half a Lifetime, published in 1999, and recently in editing, with her daughter, letters between Judith Wright and Jack McKinney which were mainly written in Brisbane in the later years of the war and the immediate postwar period. Initially my purpose was to gather information to elucidate people or events mentioned in these writings, but my interest widened to embrace more general information about the period. My research led me to the conclusion that Meanjin and its editor Clem Christesen were catalysts for many of the literary activities in Brisbane during World War II, not just among resident Australians, but among troops temporarily stationed in Brisbane — particularly Americans, whom Christesen cultivated and published. This article records a few glimpses of literary life in Brisbane, and incidentally in the rest of the country, during a period described by Patrick Buckridge as never having been researched ‘in enough detail’.
Listening to Noddy
Authors: MacColl Mary-Rose
Published: August 2016

As a young journalist at the Courier-Mail newspaper, my mother once met the famous British children's writer Enid Blyton, who stopped in Brisbane briefly. There was a press conference in a hangar out at the airport. Many important people were there — the Australian publisher, someone from the British High Commission, someone from the Prime Minister's Office, along with reporters from Sydney and Melbourne — and my mother, my beautiful young mother, in a panama hat with gloves and white glasses, excited to be there, to be amongst it.
'It's all Migloo Crap to Me'
Authors: Nolan Maggie
Published: August 2016

This article provides a brief literary history of Indigenous writing in Queensland. The literature covered here is informed by the experiences of the personal, the familial and the communal, and enlarges the meanings of both the literary and the political because Indigenous writing is part of, not separate from, the daily lives and struggles of its authors. Related to this is the question of the sacred, and Indigenous relationships to the land are an abiding preoccupation of the writing explored here. Literature, as well as the way it is read, is intimately related to Indigenous efforts to achieve cultural autonomy and calls for recognition of difference and shared humanity and agency. It thereby becomes a tool of recognition, acknowledgment and transformation, producing new kinds of knowledges and new kinds of readers.
Judith McKay, 'Showing Off: Queensland at World Expositions, 1862–1988', Brisbane: Central Queensland University Press, 2004, ISBN 1876 780 37 1, 128pp
Authors: Ryan Delyse
Published: August 2016

Judith McKay, Showing Off: Queensland at World Expositions, 1862–1988, Brisbane: Central Queensland University Press, 2004, ISBN 1876 780 37 1, 128pp
'Coppertails and Silvertails'
Authors: Paten Jessica
Published: August 2016

'Sides have now been taken. The temperance women will have a skirmish of their own for any stray man with no beer stains on his tie, but Miriam's loud timbrel has sounded for the battle royal between Labour and Government women — coppertails and silvertails!'

This call to arms sounded by the Worker towards the close of the campaign for womanhood suffrage in Queensland captured well the class antagonism that prevailed within the movement. At this late stage, there was little chance that the conflicting elements within the movement could put aside their differences and unite in a concerted effort to secure the female franchise. To all intents and purposes, the struggle for womanhood suffrage had become a class war.
Scottish Intellectuals in Colonial Queensland
Authors: Cryle Denis
Published: August 2016

Documenting and debating the contribution made by the Scots in nineteenth century Queensland has proved a fertile field of inquiry that continues to attract local historians. The vivid colonial portraits we now possess of pastoralists and politicians like Evan Mackenzie and Thomas McIlwraith confirm that the substantial power base of the colonial Scots transcended politics and commerce. Ambitious and hard working, Queensland Scots acquired rather than inherited pastoral holdings, often turning to politics or returning subsequently to Scotland. Nor should the contribution to exploration of the likes of Andrew Petrie, Henry Stuart Russell or the Archers be discounted in opening the way for rapid occupation. In this respect, the Queensland story of intrepid Scottishness appears to conform to a classic imperial narrative — that of the entrepreneur, possessed of a streak of ruthlessness, even recklessness, and committed to achieving a measure of commercial and political independence from distant bureaucracies and colonies. Mackenzie's commercial ambitions for early Brisbane, ably documented by John Mackenzie-Smith, anticipate the full-blown brand of Queensland nationalism championed by Premier Thomas McIlwraith at the end of the nineteenth century. The price of such independence could nevertheless be considerable: a series of colonial depressions — of which the 1840s, 1860s and 1890s adversely affected Queensland — invariably cast a shadow over this saga of individual achievement, in the process challenging the collective narrative of Scottish commercial supremacy. This article, while confirming the energy and individualism of local Scots, proposes to document and interweave two somewhat different case studies and in the process articulates a counter-narrative to the prevailing historical wisdom concerning Scottish colonial achievement.
The Holiday-Maker's Happy Hunting Ground
Authors: Ryan Simon
Published: August 2016

A few years ago, on a research trip to East Africa, I met a young man from my home town of Brisbane. Slightly sheepish at the implausible coincidence of our meeting, I struggled to say something that would be of relevance to both of us. ‘Nice place,’ I hesitantly opined of Brisbane. ‘Nah, shithole,’ he tersely said and, sensing that the conversation was at an end, I turned back to my Kenyan delicacy, spaghetti. The interchange reminded me of two things: first, it is always more difficult to leave home behind you than you think; and second, your home is not the same home as anybody else's.
The Brisbane Years of Laurence Collinson
Authors: Hatherell William
Published: August 2016

The autumn 1944 ‘Ern Malley’ edition of Max Harris's Angry Penguins was a defining moment in Australian cultural history for more than one reason. To add to the exposure of the Malley hoax in June 1944, Harris found himself in August having to defend charges of ‘indecent advertisements’ (Heyward, 184). Harris's partner in publishing Angry Penguins, John Reed, wrote in a letter of 5 September 1944 — the day the trial began in the Adelaide Magistrates Court — that the ‘indictment includes 7 of the Malley poems, all of Max's, the Cowan and Stivens stories and Collinson's poem’ (Reed, 367). The 19-year-old Brisbanite Laurence Collinson had conjured up a typically dramatic moment to announce his entry onto the national cultural stage — stumbling into a bit part in a drama that was both a crucial battle in the war between Australian literary modernists and traditionalists, and a worthy local precursor to Britain's Lady Chatterley trial of 1959.
Finding Voice
Authors: McKay Belinda
Published: August 2016

In late nineteenth and early twentieth century Brisbane, writing became a profession that was increasingly open to women. This phenomenon developed partly in response to a rapidly expanding urban female audience, but in turn it helped to form the tastes, reading habits and social attitudes of new generations of female readers. The prolific and popular poet Emily Coungeau exemplifies a new, self-consciously cosmopolitan type of woman writer who emerged in Brisbane in the early twentieth century.
On the Utmost Verge
Authors: Evans Raymond
Published: August 2016

‘Moreton Bay’ was certainly a name to be conjured with among the early Australian penal stations. As well as being a forbidding secondary detention centre, it represented — both within and around itself — a microcosmic world of early colonial race and ethnic relations. For this custodial system was rudely imposed upon pre-existing and long-enduring social orders of a dramatically dissimilar kind. It intruded into human populations that greatly outnumbered its own, implanted itself and militarily usurped portions of territory in a variety of locations, occupied by and spiritually amalgamated with a substantial body of Aboriginal communities. To these people, for whom life was ‘a billowing of the consciousness of country’, it was a visitation utterly without precedent. The repercussions of its ongoing presence were largely uninvited and unrehearsed. The station's existence was at first a wonder and a puzzle, then an impediment and a curse. It greatly transformed immutable lifeways, invariably impoverishing them; it reduced social options rather than expanding them; it denuded the host culture of its efficacy; and it assailed the people's health and decimated their numbers. The familiar environment was reconstructed and the old place-names largely obliterated and changed. For the incomer, to name was to own. The many visible signs of Aboriginal material occupancy were ignored as palpable evidence of legal possession and, eventually, erased. Erased too was much of the evidence of these very acts of erasure, whether material, cultural or human. Detailed evidence of what happened — or was perceived to have happened — in the myriad interactions between Aborigines and non-Aborigines of the convict settlement between 1824 and 1842 is scanty and fragmented: staccato bursts of often-tantalising information against an otherwise frustrating backdrop of silence. Distance from Sydney as well as London was the essential buffer that nurtured this atmosphere of secrecy, feeding its potency and allowing the Moreton Bay regime to proceed virtually as a law unto itself insofar as northern frontier relations were concerned.
Raymond Evans, 'A History of Queensland'. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 2007, ISBN 1 3978 0521 8769 26 (hb) 1 3978 0521 5453 96 (pb), xxiii + 328 pp., $99.00 hb, $36.95 pb
Authors: Moore Clive
Published: August 2016

Raymond Evans, A History of Queensland. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 2007, ISBN 1 3978 0521 8769 26 (hb) 1 3978 0521 5453 96 (pb), xxiii + 328 pp., $99.00 hb, $36.95 pb
Women on the South-East Queensland Frontier
Authors: Connors Libby
Published: August 2016

A typescript of a woman's diary deposited at the Mitchell Library in the 1970s contains some intriguing exchanges for the historian of the frontier. The diarist is unnamed — never a good omen for a primary document — but the uneven entries and the diary's passing mention of some of the people on Durundur Station from October 1842 to May 1843 give it the weight of authenticity. Our informant, ‘the wife of an employee of the Archers’, arrived on the station in October 1842, only six months after the north had officially been opened for free settlement and only a little over twelve months since David Archer had established this pastoral lease. She had arrived as part of a group of fourteen labourers and mechanics sent from one of the Archer estates in Scotland, and settled on one of the few stations to establish good relations with the traditional owners of the region. Her employer was among the more religious of the Archer brothers — a renowned family of Queensland pastoralists — and he was much taken with the idealism of the Evangelical movement. He refused to hunt the Dalla of the Blackall-D'Aguilar Ranges from their country and was determined to build peaceful relations with the traditional owners.
Queensland's Black Leper Colony
Authors: Genever Geoffrey
Published: August 2016

An increase in the incidence of leprosy among North Queensland Aboriginal people in the late 1930s gave rise to fears that the disease might spread and threaten the white population. This concern resulted in an uninhabited offshore island being selected as a leper colony that was exclusively for blacks: it became a place to which Indigenous people suffering from leprosy were forcibly transported, isolated and treated. Queensland's right to take such action was enshrined in law by the Leprosy Act of 1892 and subsequently by the Public Health Act of 1937 which, while repealing the Leprosy Act, retained the main elements of the earlier legislation.
Simon Cleary, 'The Comfort of Figs', St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, 2008, ISBN 9 7807 0223 6433, 334 pp., $32.95
Authors: Muller Vivienne
Published: August 2016

Simon Cleary, The Comfort of Figs, St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, 2008, ISBN 9 7807 0223 6433, 334 pp., $32.95
'This Fiction, It Don't Go Away'
Authors: Taylor Cheryl
Published: August 2016

From their foundation at the turn of the twentieth century, the remoteness from large population centres of Queensland's reserves for Aboriginal and Islander people was a key factor in maintaining them. Activism by the people themselves, reports and commentary by journalists, and research by historians like Charles Rowley, Raymond Evans, Henry Reynolds and Ros Kidd have raised the public's awareness of past and present reserve conditions. Although important in itself, the tide of events may seem to be of only marginal professional concern to students of literature, yet a question worth considering is whether textual analysis can contribute usefully to the reform process. In this essay I demonstrate a form that such a contribution might take, by examining an unofficial canon of texts associated with Palm Island. In some respects a representative place of confinement for Aboriginal and Islander people, Palm Island has been described as ‘the largest and historically most punitive of Queensland's reserves’ (Watson 1993: ix). I explore the texts for the insights they provide into the changing attitudes and understanding of whites and blacks, as the forces of repression and resistance have wrestled for dominance. My aim is to contribute to the conversations among Indigenous and non-Indigenous people that are presently shaping Palm Island's future.
Alternative Media in Brisbane
Authors: Stockwell Stephen
Published: August 2016

Brisbane under the Country/National Party governments from 1957 to 1989 is often portrayed as a cultural desert. While there were certainly many ‘Queensland refugees’ who went to the southern states and overseas to realise their creativity, this paper's review of alternative media in Brisbane between 1965 and 1985 substantiates previous claims that the political repression also encouraged others with radical views to stay to contribute to the extra-parliamentary opposition. The radical movement is revealed as adept at using the products of technological change (including new printing processes, FM radio and lightweight Super 8 and video camera equipment) to create new audiences interested not only in alternative politics but also contemporary creativity. In particular, this paper argues that, by countering Premier Bjelke-Petersen's skilful management of the mainstream media, alternative media workers were producing the basis of the thriving creative industry scene that exists in Brisbane today, as well as non-doctrinaire ideas that may have a wider application.
'Taking to the Streets'
Authors: Low Carol
Published: August 2016

Taking to the Streets engages you immediately as cries of protest marchers slam you in through the exhibition entrance. A large video screen looms with confrontations on the ramparts. Recognitions of faces, places and events spin in the mind.