bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Board Interlocking no Brasil: A Participacão de Conselheiros em Múltiplas Companhias e seu Efeito sobre o Valor das Empresas
Authors: Santos Rafael Liza , Silveira Alexandre Di Miceli da
Published: October 2019

Este artigo investiga a participação simultânea em diferentes companhias dos conselheiros de administracão das 320 empresas com liquidez na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo nos anos de 2003 e 2005. Foram identiﬁcadas as companhias que se mostravam interligadas por meio de conselheiros em comum, quais características corporativas favoreciam a ocorrência desta interligação e se esta prática apresentava conseqüências para o valor e desempenho das empresas. Os resultados mostram que o board interlocking é uma prática freqüente no Brasil e que conselhos maiores, controle acionário disperso e maior porte da companhia são fatores associados à ocorrência do fenômeno. Ademais, constatou-se que o valor da companhia é, em média, prejudicado por altos níveis de interlocking, principalmente nas empresas cuja metade ou mais dos conselheiros atua em três ou mais conselhos ou naquelas que possuem seu diretor executivo atuando em outros conselhos. O artigo fornece subsídios para a elaboração de recomendações de boas práticas de governança corporativa por parte de órgãos reguladores acerca da efetividade de conselheiros atuantes em diversas empresas e de suas conseqüêcias para o valor corporativo.
Excesso de confiança, otimismo gerencial e os determinantes da estrutura de capital
Authors: Barros Lucas Ayres B. de C. , Silveira Alexandre di Miceli da
Published: October 2019

Este estudo investiga os determinantes da estrutura de capital das empresas introduzindo uma perspectiva comportamental ainda pouco explorada na literatura da área. De um conjunto de teorias recentemente desenvolvidas, deriva-se a seguinte predição central: empresas geridas por indivíduos otimistas e/ou excessivamente confiantes serão mais relativamente endividadas do que as demais, ceteris paribus. Propõe-se diferentes proxies para o otimismo/excesso de confiança baseadas no status do gestor como “empreendedor” ou “não-empreendedor”, proposição esta respaldada por teorias e sólida evidência empírica, bem como no padrão de posse de ações da própria empresa por parte do seu gestor. O trabalho inclui, ainda, os candidatos a determinantes utilizados previamente na literatura sobre estrutura de capital no Brasil e no exterior. A amostra compõe-se de 153 empresas com ações negociadas na Bovespa e com dados disponíveis entre 1998 e 2003. A análise empírica sugere que as proxies para os referidos vieses cognitivos figuram entre os principais determinantes da estrutura de financiamento. Também se mostraram relevantes, em maior ou menor grau, os indicadores de lucratividade, tamanho, pagamento de dividendos e tangibilidade, bem como algumas variáveis que capturam os padrões de governança corporativa das empresas. Os resultados aqui reportados sugerem que abordagens comportamentais baseadas nas pesquisas sobre a psicologia humana podem oferecer uma contribuição relevante para a compreensão dos direcionadores das principais decisões corporativas.
Os Ratings de Risco Soberano e os Fundamentos Macroeconômicos dos Países: Um Estudo Utilizando Redes Neurais Artiﬁciais
Authors: Frascaroli Bruno Ferreira , Silva Luciano da Costa , Silva Filho Osvaldo Cândido da
Published: October 2019

Para mitigar as consequências da assimetria de informacões, os ratings de risco soberano são instrumentos que constituem peça chave para determinar as condições dos mercados de crédito externos, fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de países emergentes como o Brasil. No presente trabalho estudou-se a partir dos fundamentos macroeconômicos, a classiﬁcação dos ratings de risco soberano realizadas pelas agências de ratings encontrando uma classiﬁcação própria de risco dos diversos países emergentes utilizando Redes Neurais Artiﬁciais. Observou-se o grau de homogeneidade entre as atribuições de ratings e os fundamentos macroeconômicos dos países da amostra, na qual quatro fundamentos mostraram-se mais intimamente ligados às atribuições. Logo após, num exercício de estática comparativa, utilizou-se o modelo para fazer simulações de cenários das condições externas de crédito para o Brasil ao modiﬁcar os fundamentos macroeconômicos. Estes cenários indicam que as agências esperam por crescimento mais acentuado do produto per capita e pela diminuição da dívida pública.
Adesão aos Novos Mercados da BOVESPA: Novo Mercado, Nível 1 e Nível 2 – Determinantes e Conseqüências
Authors: Procianoy Jairo Laser , Verdi Rodrigo
Published: October 2019

Este artigo estuda os determinantes e as conseqüências da adesão de empresas brasileiras aos novos mercados da BOVESPA: Novo Mercado, Nível 1 e Nível 2. Desde 2001 mais de 61 empresas passaram a serem transacionadas nestes mercados com o objetivo de adotar maiores níveis de disclosure e de governança corporativa. Entre os determinantes, encontrou-se que empresas de maior porte, mais lucrativas, negociadas em mercado estrangeiro (ADRs), e com menor concentração de acionista no controle acionário tem maior probabilidade de aderir os novos mercados. No que diz respeito às conseqüências, encontrou-se que as empresas que aderiram os novos mercados apresentam maiores níveis de liquidez que empresas transacionadas no mercado tradicional da BOVESPA. Além disso, as empresas que aderiram ao Nível 2 e ao Novo Mercado (mercados com maiores requerimentos de disclosure e de governança) experimentaram um aumento de liquidez em relação ao nível de liquidez anterior a adesão.
Functional genomic approaches to improve crop plant heat stress tolerance
Authors: Singh Baljeet , Salaria Neha , Thakur Kajal , Kukreja Sarvjeet , Gautam Shristy , Goutam Umesh
Published: October 2019

Heat stress as a yield limiting issue has become a major threat for food security as global warming progresses. Being sessile, plants cannot avoid heat stress. They respond to heat stress by activating complex molecular networks, such as signal transduction, metabolite production and expressions of heat stress-associated genes. Some plants have developed an intricate signalling network to respond and adapt it. Heat stress tolerance is a polygenic trait, which is regulated by various genes, transcriptional factors, proteins and hormones. Therefore, to improve heat stress tolerance, a sound knowledge of various mechanisms involved in the response to heat stress is required. The classical breeding methods employed to enhance heat stress tolerance has had limited success. In this era of genomics, next generation sequencing techniques, availability of genome sequences and advanced biotechnological tools open several windows of opportunities to improve heat stress tolerance in crop plants. This review discusses the potential of various functional genomic approaches, such as genome wide association studies, microarray, and suppression subtractive hybridization, in the process of discovering novel genes related to heat stress, and their functional validation using both reverse and forward genetic approaches. This review also discusses how these functionally validated genes can be used to improve heat stress tolerance through plant breeding, transgenics and genome editing approaches.
Case Report: Massive epistaxis from juvenile angiofibroma in an adolescent with severe haemophilia A
Authors: Lapeña Jose Florencio F. , Mejia Olivia Agnes D.
Published: October 2019

Epistaxis may be profuse in individuals with normal bleeding parameters, but in an individual with haemophilia, it may be life-threatening. It is even more dangerous when epistaxis is caused by an undetected concomitant juvenile angiofibroma, and only one such case has been reported in the English literature. We report another case, of an 18-year-old Filipino adolescent with severe haemophilia A who was referred for repeated massive epistaxis. The epistaxis had been attributed to his haemophilia and managed with nasal packing, multiple blood transfusions and Factor VIII administration. After two years of unsuccessful management, nasal endoscopy was performed for the first time, revealing an intranasal mass. Imaging showed a right intranasal vascular tumour supplied mainly by the right sphenopalatine artery. He subsequently underwent preoperative embolization and endoscopic excision of the tumour with Factor VIII transfused pre-, intra-, and post-operatively, and recombinant Factor VII added post-operatively. Final histopathology was consistent with juvenile angiofibroma. There has been no nasal obstruction or recurrence of epistaxis seven years since the surgery. Clinicians should be more meticulous in assessing epistaxis in any patient with a bleeding disorder and investigate more subtle symptoms such as nasal obstruction. Verification of the source by direct visualization and ancillary diagnostic techniques (such as imaging) when indicated should be the standard of care for all patients presenting with epistaxis, whether or not a concomitant bleeding disorder exists. A high index of suspicion for juvenile angiofibroma should be maintained in adolescent males with epistaxis and nasal obstruction.
Frequencies of parasite infections among students of primary school in Al Kalakla Locality, Khartoum State, Sudan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abdalazim Hassan Hala , Abd Alla Ahmed Bakheet , Elfaki Tayseer Elamin Mohamed , Saad Mohammed Baha Eldin Ahmed
Published: October 2019

Background:Intestinal parasite spread in tropical countries is especially common among primary school students. This study aimed to determine the frequencies of the intestinal parasite in Alkalakla locality, Khartoum state.

Methods:This study was conducted in school students in Al-kalakla locality in Khartoum state from period between 20th December 2016 to 5th May 2017. Stool samples were collected from 134 randomly selected students, of whom 67 were males and 67 were females.  All samples were examined using the wet preparation technique, formal ether concentration technique and saturated sugar floatation technique.

Results:The frequency of intestinal parasites was 35.5% overall in the students examined; females were more affected than males (38.8% and 32.8%, respectively). The more affected age groups were 12-14 years followed by 9-11 and 6-8 years old (53.8%, 36.3% and 26.4% respectively). The least frequent intestinal parasite wasTaeniaspp. (1.5%) followed byGiardia lamblia(3.7%),Schistosoma mansoniandAscaris lumbricoides(5.2% each),Entamoeba coli(7.5%),Hymenolepis nana(10.4%), andEntamoeba histolytica(16.4%). In total, 20.9% were infected with single parasite while 14.9% were infected with more than one parasite. The frequency of parasite by formal ether concentration method was 35.8 %, by wet preparation method was 17.9 % and by the saturated sugar flotation method was 16.4%.

Conclusion:Our data showed that intestinal parasites were common in school students; however, females were more affected than males and the 12-14-years age group was the most affected age group.  The formal ether concentration method was the best method for detecting of intestinal parasite.
Representing antibiotic relationships using measurements of efficacy against clinical isolates
Authors: Shaw Liam
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worrying and confusing problem for both patients and medical professionals. Current antimicrobial nomenclature makes it difficult to understand how different antibiotics are related to one another, and their empirical uses and efficacy. Here, I attempt to address this problem by using experimental data from hundreds of thousands of clinical isolates to infer relationships between antibiotics and represent them with simple diagrams.

Methods. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of a bacterial isolate for a given antibiotic is defined as the lowest concentration that prevents visible growth. Measuring MICs for multiple antibiotics using the same isolate implicitly records the relationships of the antibiotics for a given species. The basic principle is that antibiotics with similar mechanisms of action should give rise to similar mechanisms of resistance, so should have correlated MICs across large numbers of isolates. This information can then be used to calculate distances between antibiotics based on pairwise correlations of their rank-ordered MICs. I apply this approach to a large historical AMR surveillance dataset (the Pfizer ATLAS surveillance dataset, 2004-2017).

Results. I demonstrate that clustering antibiotics in this way allows a simple visual comparison of how similar antibiotics are to each other based on their efficacy within a species. The resulting visualizations broadly recapitulate antibiotic classes. They also clearly show the dramatic effects of combining beta-lactam antibiotics with beta-lactamase inhibitors, as well as highlighting antibiotics which have unexpected correlations in MICs that are not predicted from their chemical similarities alone.

Conclusion. Large AMR surveillance datasets can be used in a hypothesis-free manner to show relationships between antibiotics based on their real-world efficacy. The resulting 'data-driven' diagrams could be used as simple visual aids to explain the complexity of antibiotic relationships and AMR.
Politics and palliative care: Yemen
Authors: Smyth Dion
Published: October 2019

Dion Smyth's review of palliative nursing on the internet
Occupational therapy interventions in mental health: a scoping review of recent evidence
Authors: Petersen Kirsten Schultz , Bjørkedal Siv Therese Bogevik , Torsting Anne Marie , Eplov Lene Falgaard
Published: October 2019

Background/Aims

Studies investigating the effect of occupational therapy in mental health are few. This scoping review aims to identify, present and assess studies that have investigated the effect of occupation- and activity-based/focused interventions performed by occupational therapists in mental health.

Methods

The scoping review involved searching six databases, covering articles from 2003 to 2018. ‘The Matrix Method’ was used to describe and synthesise the content of the included studies. The Oxford Level of Evidence was used to rank the evidence, and The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme was used to assess the quality of the study.

Results

A total of 21 original studies and 4 systematic reviews were included in this review. Interventions, approaches, programmes, training, and activities such as cooking, artwork, crafts, pottery, sports, calligraphy, horticulture, and music, organised individually or in groups, were investigated in the included studies. Individualised occupational therapy showed clinically significant improvements in social functioning and cognition, promising results were found on supported employment and education.

Conclusions

Few high-quality studies that have investigated the effect of occupation-and activity-based/focused interventions performed by occupational therapists in mental health were found. This scoping review highlights the importance of future high quality studies to support evidence-based practice within mental health occupational therapy.
Reliability of a novel method for measuring maximal voluntary mouth opening in patients with oral carcinoma
Authors: Gangavelli Ranganath , Prabhu Anupama , Sundaresan Priyadarshini , Sameera Quratul Ain
Published: October 2019

Background/Aims

Mouth opening is a routine and vital activity of daily life that facilitates ingestion and speech. It is often found to be limited in patients with oral carcinoma. Measuring mouth opening is essential to detect the therapeutic effect of an intervention aiming to improve it. During measurement, the procedure needs to be reliable, simple, inexpensive and safe. This study aimed to determine the intrarater and interrater reliability of a novel method of measuring maximal voluntary mouth opening in patients with oral carcinoma.

Methods

Patients aged between 40 and 60 years of either gender with a diagnosis of oral carcinoma and presenting with difficulty in mouth opening were recruited. The distance between incisors was marked on standard sized paper slips as the participants performed maximal voluntary mouth opening. Distance between the markings was measured with a ruler in millimeters. The measurement procedures were carried out by two independent investigators.

Results

A total of 15 patients (12 male and 3 female) with a mean age of 52.53 ± 8.28 years participated in the study. Mean maximal voluntary mouth opening measure was <35 mm, indicating restricted mouth opening in these patients. Intrarater reliability of 0.95 (0.87–0.98) and interrater reliability of 0.96 (0.89–0.98) were found for the measurements.

Conclusions

The reliability of maximal voluntary mouth opening measurement using this novel technique was found to be excellent. This technique can be used in the routine clinical evaluation of patients with oral carcinoma.
Health & safety at work: time for change
Authors: James Phil , Walters David
Published: October 2019

After a brief review of the continuing unacceptable scale of work-related injuries and ill health suffered by workers as they go about the task of earning a living, this booklet provides a critical examination of the continued appropriateness of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. It does so through a discussion of four issues seen as critical to the operation of the framework of law established under the 1974 statute, including: the Act's application to current patterns of employment; the oversight and enforcement of employer compliance with their duties; worker access to representation; and the effective resourcing and governance of the framework of law created by the Act. On the basis of this discussion, a range of recommendations for reform are suggested to address identified problems in each of these areas. The scale and focus of these reforms supports a further argument that the time has come to repeal the Health and Safety at Work and replace it with a more appropriate and effective framework of law.
The effects of intensity and duration of aerobic exercise on spatial memory function in male Wistar rats
Authors: Kartinah Neng Tine , Yolanda Sophie , Bariroh Tahyatul
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND Memory is a vital function of the brain. Aerobic exercise has a positive effect on memory’s function, but the appropriate combination of intensity and duration of aerobic exercise is still unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of optimum combinations of intensity and duration of aerobic exercise on spatial memory function. 

METHODS In this study, the authors performed in vivo experiment using 20 male Wistar rats (6-month-old). They were randomly divided into four groups: (1) low-intensity and short duration aerobic exercise group (L–S); (2) low-intensity and long duration aerobic exercise group (L–L); (3) high-intensity and short duration aerobic exercise group (H– S); and (4) high-intensity and long duration aerobic exercise group (H–L). The aerobic exercise treatment of each group was conducted for three weeks with a frequency of five days a week. The memory function was assessed with the help of water-E-maze on week 0, 1, 2, and 3 (a total of four times). 

RESULTS This study indicates that the central nervous system responds to aerobic exercise as an external stimulus differently depending on the combinations of intensity and duration. Moreover, this study demonstrates that changes in memory functions are best observed in the group with low-intensity and long duration aerobic exercise. 

CONCLUSIONS The combination of low-intensity and long duration of aerobic exercise for animal study can improve spatial memory functions better than any other combinations of intensity and duration of aerobic exercises in male Wistar rats.
Gluthathione S-transferase-resuscitation-promoting factor B recombinant protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces the production of interferon-γ and interleukin-12 in mice splenocytes
Authors: Rukmana Andriansjah , Rasyid Burhanuddin , Sjatha Fitriyah
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND As the only TB vaccine available, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin shows variable efficacy in adults and does not provide protection against the resuscitation of latent TB infections. Resuscitation-promoting factor B (RpfB) is a protein produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis during the resuscitation phase and is promising as a novel TB vaccine. This study was aimed to analyze the immunogenicity of the gluthathione S-transferase (GST)-RpfB recombinant protein on mice splenocytes in vitro.  METHODS After induction with isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside, the protein was extracted by sonication followed by solubilization in 8 M urea buffer. Protein was then re-natured and purified with a GST chromatography column. The isolated protein was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot using anti-GST antibodies, and its concentration was determined using the Bradford method. Each group of splenocytes was treated with 25 μg/ ml of the recombinant protein (GST-RpfB), GST, and phytohemagglutinin. Antigen induction was repeated twice at 24 and 72 hours. The supernatant was collected at 96 hours and interferon gamma (IFNγ), interleukin (IL-12, IL-4, and IL-10) levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.  RESULTS GST-RpfB recombinant proteins were expressed in the form of inclusion bodies with a molecular weight of approximately 66 kDa. Based on the independent t-test, GST-RpfB stimulated IFNγ and IL-12 production but not IL-4 and IL-10.  CONCLUSIONS The GST-RpfB protein has been immunogenically proven and is a potential candidate as a novel subunit TB vaccine.
Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and other pathogens in pus samples of orthopedic department at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Ashfaq , Akram Rizwan , Ahmad Saeed , Zaman Atiq Uz , Ahmad Naeem , Javed Shahzad , Aziz Amer
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND Orthopedic infections are difficult to manage. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most dangerous and harmful bacteria and is difficult to eradicate because of its changing strains as well as sensitivity to different antibiotics. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pathogens, especially MRSA, associated with orthopedic wounds and their sensitivity to different antibiotics. METHODS A prospective study was conducted from September 2015 to August 2016. Pus samples of 1,350 patients who presented at the out-patient department or admitted with a wound infection after an orthopedic intervention were taken with the help of culture swab and were sent for culture and sensitivity according to hospital protocol. Data analyses were made using the SPSS software, version 17 (IBM). RESULTS Adults aged between 15 and 30 years were most affected, with 444 (32.9%) cases. Of the patients, 268 (19.9%) had negative cultures. Among the patients with positive cultures, the gram-positive cocci and gram-negative rods were 497 (36.8%) and 377 (27.9%), respectively. The most common pathogen was MRSA (240; 17.8%), followed by Escherichia coli and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus. CONCLUSIONS Multiple pathogens are involved in patients having an orthopedic surgical intervention. The high occurrence of MRSA and E. coli has an increasing economic burden on patients because of these pathogens high resistance to antibiotics. Thus, proper preventive measures should be done to decrease the occurrence of such infections as well as their associated morbidity.
A Comparative Study of the Impact of Himalayan Singing Bowls and Supine Silence on Stress Index and Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Trivedi Gunjan Y , Saboo Banshi
Published: October 2019

Introduction
Sound vibrations have a profound impact on the body and the mind with evidence confirming reduced anxiety and increased wellbeing. The likely reason for driving the benefit is relaxation. The Himalayan Singing Bowls, used for therapeutic intervention to enhance the individual’s emotional & physical wellbeing, may facilitate faster and deeper relaxation as compared to simple, supine relaxation.

Aim of the Study
The study aimed to validate the hypothesis that short 20 minutes sessions to relax with the help of the Himalayan Singing Bowl (HSB) could provide better depth of relaxation as compared to Supine Silence (SS) based on the objective assessment of physiology parameters i.e. Stress Index & Heart Rate Variability (HRV).

Methods
Seven metal Himalayan singing bowls were used in a particular sequence learned from an expert teacher for 16 subjects. The SS group consisted of 17 subjects. The HRV data was measured by the Emwave Pro device and analyzed using Kubios HRV Premium software. The analysis compared key HRV parameters within and between the groups.

Result
Overall, as expected, both groups achieved relaxation as measured by changes in HRV parameters. However, further analysis confirmed a more consistent relaxation, as measured by a statistically significant reduction in stress index and an increase in HRV, for HSB group. The HSB group achieved more consistent depth of relaxation during each subsequent 5 minutes interval throughout the session as compared to SS group.

Conclusion
The study confirms that singing bowls sessions can be leveraged as a tool for inducing good quality relaxation response (increased parasympathetic tone, reduced stress) to facilitate healing and energy recovery in just 20 minutes and achieve significant health benefits. More comprehensive studies must be conducted to further evaluate the findings with more sample size, different methods of relaxation and varied demographics.
Ready-made human insulin pools for the treatment of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shishko P. I. , Dreval A. K , Andrianova K. V.
Published: October 2019

Proper knowledge of insulin use is important for the effective treatment of diabetes. There is an opinion that a significant part of patients who are not currently receiving insulin do not have optimal diabetes compensation and could better control the disease when switching to insulin therapy. In mixtures of NPH and simple insulin, the latter retains its activity for a long time. This is true statement for both human and animal insulin. Unlike the previous ones, all NPH drugs currently supplied by major pharmaceutical companies have the same level of protamine and do not contain an excess of protamine that could bind added simple insulin (regular). Ready-made mixtures of human insulin are pre-mixed preparations of various durations of action.
Syndrome Hutchinson-Gilford (progeria)
Authors: Fofanova O. V.
Published: October 2019

Gatchinson-Guildford syndrome or progeria (senile dwarfism) is an extremely rare genetic disease in children with clinical features of premature aging. The frequency of the disease is 1 in 8 million newborns (De Busk. 1972). To date, about 70 patients with this syndrome have been described in world literature. The etiology of progeria is unclear. The genetic model of inheritance is unknown due to the extreme rarity of the syndrome and the absence of offspring in patients. However, studies by foreign scientists allow us to talk about sporadic dominant mutation as the genetic basis of this syndrome. The clinical picture of progeria is represented by symptoms of progressive premature aging. Characteristic face: exophthalmos, a thin coracoid nose, a large brain and small facial skull, a thin voice, skeletal anomalies. Puberty usually does not occur; external genitalia hypoplasia. Intelligence average or above average. This syndrome is characterized by widespread atherosclerosis with lesions of coronary and mesenteric vessels, aorta, cerebral vessels, with hyperlipidemia. Progeria as a model of premature aging is studied in various aspects: metabolic, hormonal, histological, immunological, molecular.
Hemodynamic parameters and exercise tolerance in insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ozernaya T. V. , Yasyulyunas Yu. Yu. , Potanina L. M. , Balashov V. A. , Galenok V. A.
Published: October 2019

The problem of development of diabetic myocardiodystrophy is analyzed. Thirty-seven patients with type 1 diabetes running a grave course with various disease duration were examined. The major parameters of intracardiac hemodynamics were examined by echolocation; exercise tolerance was studied by bicycle ergometry. The data indicate the development of diastolic rigidity, reduced volume of leftventricular myocardium, and decreased stroke and minute output at the early stages of the disease. Bicycle ergometry showed reduced exercise tolerance. These changes were in direct proportion to disease duration, presence of microangiopathy, and compensation status. These parameters may appreciably improve in recovery of the disturbed metabolic processes with restoration of the age-specific norm in patients with not long disease standing. Hence, echolocation of the heart and bicycle ergometry may be regarded among the criteria of diabetes mellitus compensation.
On the difficulties in the diagnosis of hyperparathyroid crisis
Authors: Tolkachev A. V. , Kolyaskina N. V. , Zykova T. A.
Published: October 2019

Hyperparathyroid (hypercalcemic) crisis develops with adenomas of the parathyroid glands or their hyperplasia, malignant non-endocrine tumors that secrete parathyroid hormone. The calcium level at which a crisis develops can be different. The clinical picture of the crisis is due to calcium intoxication and other symptoms and electrolyte disorders associated with it. It is very variable and therefore there are diagnostic difficulties. A differential diagnosis in this situation has to be carried out with comas of a different etiology, which have similar symptoms, with diseases of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, kidney pathology and conditions caused by diseases of the neuropsychic sphere.
The cardiovascular system in patients with diffuse toxic goiter
Authors: Burumkulova F. F. , Kotova G. A. , Gerasimov G. A.
Published: October 2019

The lesion of the cardiovascular system is a frequent and serious complication of diffuse toxic goiter, which often comes to the fore in the clinical picture and determines the course and outcome of the disease. To refer to this lesion, R. Kraus introduced the term “thyrotoxic heart” in 1899, and now it refers to the symptom complex of disorders of the cardiovascular system caused by the toxic effects of excess thyroid hormones and characterized by the development of hyperfunction, hypertrophy, dystrophy, cardiosclerosis and heart failure.
Use of lipiodol, an iodinated oil preparation, in regions with moderate iodine defficiency
Authors: Sviridenko N. Yu. , Mayorova N. M. , Nazarov A. N. , Arbuzova M. I. , Mischenko B. P. , Gerasimov G. A.
Published: October 2019

Lipiodol, an iodinated oil preparation, is used in many regions of the world characterized by severe iodine defficiency. The aim of this research was to assess the efficacy of this preparation in regions with slight and medium iodine insufficiency. A single dose of lipidol containing 200 mg iodine was administered to children aged 7 to 14 living in a region with moderate iodine deficiency, 452 of these living in town and 335 in the country. According to volumetry, the incidence of thyroid enlargement varied from 43 to 61% for different age groups and was reliably higher (p <0.001)) in the rural residents. The median of renal excretion of iodine varied from 4.5 to 9.2 microg% in the urban schoolchildren and from 3.8 to 5.8 microg% in the rural ones. One week after lipidol administration this value was 38.8, two weeks postadministration it was 30 microg%, in 3 months it was 16, and in 9 months 11.3 microg%. The incidence of thyroid enlargement has appreciably decreased and varied from 18 to 47% in different age groups. Hence, a single intake of lipiodol containing 200 mg of iodine ensures normal iodine excretion with the urine for 9 months since the drug administration and essentially reduces the prevalence of goiter in regions with moderate iodine insufficiency. Lipidol may be recommended as an alternative method of iodine prophylaxis for regions with slight and moderate iodine deficiency
Hypoglycemias deliberately induced by insulin in diabetic children
Authors: Kurayeva T. L. , Remizov O. V.
Published: October 2019

Hypoglycemic conditions are one of the complex problems in modern medicine. Among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), obvious and asymptomatic hypoglycemia, according to various authors, are recorded in 25–58% of patients. Asymptomatic hypoglycemia is more often observed at 3 o'clock. Severe hypoglycemia as a cause of death occurs in 0.25-0.05% of cases of insulin therapy. There are few reports of deliberately induced hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes. This is more often observed in young girls and is considered as one of the options for Munchausen syndrome. The authors observed three such patients in Endocrinology research centre, the article presents one of these cases.
Thyroid dysfunction in oral therapy with amiodarone
Authors: Sviridenko N. Yu. , Platonova N. M. , Moleshenko N. V.
Published: October 2019

The article devoted to the thyroid dysfunction in oral therapy with amiodarone
L-Thyroxin and potassium iodide therapy of nodular colloid euthyroid goiter
Authors: Troshina Ye. A , Mazurina N. V.
Published: October 2019

The article devoted to the L-Thyroxin and potassium iodide therapy of nodular colloid euthyroid goiter
Isolated ACTH deficiency in a female patient with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Levitskaya Z. I. , Balabolkin M. I. , Antonova K. V.
Published: October 2019

The article devoted to the isolated ACTH deficiency in a female patient with type 2 diabetes
Effect of adrenaline and corticosterone on uptake and distribution
atherogenic and antiatherogenic lipoproteins in the myocardium
Authors: Panin L. E. , Maksimov V. F. , Kolpakov A. R. , Korostyshevskaya I. M.
Published: October 2019

An electron microscopic study of a model of the rat contracting heart perfused by the Langendorf procedure has indicated the myo¬cardial effects of epinephrine, corticosterone, high density lipoproteins (HDL), and low density lipoproteins (LDL) and revealed a role of hormones in the uptake and intercellular distribution of colloidal gold-labeled lipoproteins. Epinephrine enhanced LDL dis¬solution onto the endothelial surface, by slowing down their myocardial penetration, but failed to affect the penetration and distribution of labeled HDL that did not leave the capillary walls. Corticosterone drastically increased receptor-mediated absorption of HDL by the capillary endothelium and ensured their penetration into the interstitial macrophages, but it did not affect the myocardial pene¬tration of labeled LDL. In all experiments, corticosterone caused the lowered content of glycogen in the myocardial cells, sarcoplasmic sequestration of its residues and their interstitial release. Epinephrine and corticosterone differently affect the myocardial penetration and distribution of atherogenic and antiatherogenic lipoproteins. Under stress, it ensures mobilization of different metabolic pathways for myocardial energy supply.
Therapy for arterial hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes meliitus
Authors: Ismailov S. I. , Yafasov K. M. , Sirozhiddinova N. Z.
Published: October 2019

The article devoted to the therapy for arterial hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes meliitus
A Meshfree Numerical Technique Based on Radial Basis Function Pseudospectral Method for Fisher’s Equation
Authors: Arora Geeta , Bhatia Gurpreet Singh
Published: October 2019

This paper concerns with the implementation of radial basis function pseudospectral (RBF-PS) method for solving Fisher’s equation. Pseudospectral methods are well known for being highly accurate but are limited in terms of geometric flexibility. Radial basis function (RBF) in combination with the pseudospectral method is capable to overcome this limitation. Using RBF, Fisher’s equation is approximated by transforming it into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). An ODE solver is used to solve the resultant ODEs. In this approach, the optimal value of the shape parameter is discussed with the help of leave-one out cross validation strategy which plays an important role in the accuracy of the result. Several examples are given to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method. RBF-PS method is applied using different types of basis functions and a comparison is done based upon the numerical results. A two-dimensional problem that generalizes the Fisher’s equation is also solved numerically. The obtained numerical results and comparisons confirm that the use of RBF in pseudospectral mode is in good agreement with already known results in the literature.
A review of 2D and 3D plasmonic nanostructure array patterns: fabrication, light management and sensing applications
Authors: Kasani Sujan , Curtin Kathrine , Wu Nianqiang
Published: October 2019

This review article discusses progress in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) chip-based nanostructure array patterns. Recent advancements in fabrication techniques for nano-arrays have endowed researchers with tools to explore a material’s plasmonic optical properties. In this review, fabrication techniques including electron-beam lithography, focused-ion lithography, dip-pen lithography, laser interference lithography, nanosphere lithography, nanoimprint lithography, and anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template-based lithography are introduced and discussed. Nano-arrays have gained increased attention because of their optical property dependency (light-matter interactions) on size, shape, and periodicity. In particular, nano-array architectures can be tailored to produce and tune plasmonic modes such as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), surface plasmon polariton (SPP), extraordinary transmission, surface lattice resonance (SLR), Fano resonance, plasmonic whispering-gallery modes (WGMs), and plasmonic gap mode. Thus, light management (absorption, scattering, transmission, and guided wave propagation), as well as electromagnetic (EM) field enhancement, can be controlled by rational design and fabrication of plasmonic nano-arrays. Because of their optical properties, these plasmonic modes can be utilized for designing plasmonic sensors and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors.
Crystal structure of biaqua(2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxylato-κ2
N,N′)(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylato-κ3
O,N,O′)nickel(II) hydrate, C19H15N3NiO10
Authors: Jiang Jin-Ke , Yang Ying-Wen , Jiang Hui
Published: October 2019

C19H15N3NiO10, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.7175(10) Å, b = 10.6780(10) Å, c = 15.0802(16) Å, β = 96.786(9)°, V = 2033.5(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0358, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0960, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of catena-{[tri-aqua-di-sodium bis(2-{[n-butyl(methyl)carbamothioyl]sulfanyl}acetate)]}n, [C16H34N2Na2O7S4]n
Authors: Lo Kong Mun , Lee See Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: October 2019

[C16H34N2Na2O7S4]n, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 5.3734(1) Å, b = 11.0473(2) Å, c = 22.2264(5) Å, α = 102.075(2)°, β = 96.202(2)°, γ = 97.383(2)°, V = 1267.06(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0335, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0941, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[diaqua-bis(3,4,5,6-tetrabromo-carboxybenzoato-κ1
O)-(μ2-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2
N:N′)cobalt(II)], C26H14Br8CoN2O10
Authors: Li Yong-Shuang , Luo Jia-Yang , He Man-Qiu , Han Min-Le
Published: October 2019

C26H14Br8CoN2O10, orthorhombic, Pbcn (no. 60), a = 24.3935(3) Å, b = 11.4505(1) Å, c = 11.7004(1) Å, V = 3268.13(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0313, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0819, T = 293 K.
Early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for lower gastrointestinal neoplasms with peritoneal metastasis: a systematic review and critical analysis
Authors: Soucisse Mikael L. , Liauw Winston , Hicks Gabrielle , Morris David L.
Published: October 2019

Background

Early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) can be used in combination with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to treat patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) of multiple origins. The present study is a systematic review to evaluate the role of EPIC after CRS + HIPEC for appendiceal and colorectal cancers with PC.

Content

We conducted a systematic search in PubMed according to the PRISMA guidelines and included all studies published before June 27 of 2019 comparing EPIC to HIPEC or the combination of both. Our search found 79 articles. After excluding non-relevant articles, a total of 13 retrospective clinical studies reporting on the efficacy and safety of EPIC compared to HIPEC or as a combination therapy for lower gastrointestinal neoplasms were analyzed. Initial EPIC reports led to its declined usage because of concerns with increased postoperative morbidity and uncertain added benefit on survival. Recent retrospective studies have been promising, showing significant improvements in OS and fewer issues with complications when adding EPIC to CRS + HIPEC.

Conclusions

Current evidence is entirely retrospective and is conflicting. It is hoped that ongoing clinical trials and additional studies will clarify EPIC’s role in the treatment of patients with PC.
Semiospheric translation types reconsidered from the translation semiotics perspective
Authors: Jia Hongwei
Published: October 2019

Due to the logical problems of unclear boundaries, staggered parallels, disordered standard, etc., existing in Jakobson’s intralingual, interlingual, and intersemiotic translations, the first triadic division of translation in terms of semiotics has been criticized since the 1980s. However, most of the previous semiotic research in China and the world at large still stays on the interlingual translation (in the narrow sense) of literary texts, neglecting semiotic transformations as a sign activity and semiosis between tangible signs and intangible ones in the same and/or different period(s) of time, within the same ethnic culture or across the distinctive ethnic cultures. Hereby, it is necessary to refer to and redefine the term “semiosphere” introduced by Yuri Lotman in 1984 and the literatures after, to revise intrasemiospheric translation, intersemiospheric translation, and suprasemiospheric translation introduced in Jia(2016b. A translation-semiotic perspective of Jakobson’s tripartite of translation. Journal of PLA University of Foreign Languages 5. 11–18; Jia 2017. Roman Jakobson’s triadic division of translation revisited. Chinese Semiotics Studies 13(1). 31–46), and to elaborate on their nature, structure, content, and connotative significance. This is not only conducive to building translation semiotics as a subfield of general semiotics, but also to broadening the theoretical visions of applied semiotics and translation studies, and verifying the theoretical validity of general semiotics and translation semiotics in interpreting and explaining the semiotic transformations in translation as a special sign activity.
Experiências com a escrita na pós-graduação brasileira: uma proposta de diálogo com os letramentos acadêmicos
Authors: Brambila Guilherme
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal discutir os lugares da escrita na pós-graduação brasileira. Para isso, realiza uma análise de postagens de pós-graduandos que relatam experiências com esse processo na rede social Facebook. O estudo guia-se pelos pressupostos dos letramentos (STREET, 1995; GEE, 2001), com foco na proposta de estudo dos letramentos acadêmicos no contexto brasileiro (FISCHER, 2010; FIAD, 2011). Metodologicamente, a análise guia-se pelo paradigma indiciário (GINZBURG, 1986), reconhecendo os dados de pesquisa como autenticamente dialógicos (BAKHTIN, 2011). Como resultado, o trabalho indica que há uma percepção complexa acerca da escrita na pós-graduação brasileira, associando-a como prática que transforma as formas com as quais o pós-graduando enxerga a si e suas relações de trabalho nesta esfera.
Enseñanza universitaria y literacidades académicas: perspectivas presentes y horizontes futuros
Authors: Orlando Virginia
Published: October 2019

Este artículo presenta una discusión sobre la participación de los procesos de lectura y escritura en el ámbito universitario. Trabajo desde una aproximación teórica que asume las prácticas de literacidad en clave sociocultural, en articulación con una epistemología dialogista de base bajtiniana. El contexto de investigación consiste en dos laboratorios de análisis de lectura y escritura en la educación superior desde un abordaje de contenidos específicos, ofrecidos en una universidad pública, y dirigidos a docentes pertenecientes a las distintas áreas del conocimiento de esa institución. A partir de tres “metaeventos” letrados acontecidos en esos talleres, revisados desde una “pedagogía de las multiliteracidades” (KALANTZIS y COPE 2005), surgen cuestiones que a mi entender deberían considerarse al proponer acciones didácticas que involucren la lectura y la escritura en distintos ámbitos disciplinares.
Letramentos acadêmicos em PLE: escrevendo a sociedade e a cultura brasileira na Coreia do Sul
Authors: Francisco Denis Leandro
Published: October 2019

Este artigo apresenta uma prática de escrita realizada com estudantes de Estudos Brasileiros no contexto do ensino superior sul-coreano. Partindo-se do modelo ideológico de letramento (STREET, 1995), empregou-se o gênero portfólio como dispositivo didático com o objetivo principal de desenvolver a autonomia dos estudantes e o seu posicionamento crítico em relação aos tópicos socioculturais tratados durante o semestre letivo. A organização das etapas que envolveram essa prática, bem como as produções textuais dela resultantes, indicam, em relação ao grupo de estudantes coreanos que dela participaram, i. uma baixa familiaridade com práticas pedagógicas voltadas para o letramento acadêmico de modelo ideológico, sejam essas práticas em LE ou em LM; ii. a capacidade de se engajar na prática de escrita proposta, a despeito do pouco contato prévio com o gênero portfólio, produzindo textos críticos que configuram autoria; e iii. a avaliação desse tipo de prática pedagógica como importante para a aprendizagem da língua-cultura alvo, além de mais relevante do que práticas tradicionais não voltadas para o letramento de modelo ideológico.
Incidencia de las trayectorias disciplinares en la escritura en el posgrado: la perspectiva de los estudiantes
Authors: Pozzo María Isabel
Published: October 2019

La formación pedagógica de graduados universitarios está mudando de cursos de grado hacia carreras de posgrado para profesionales de distintas carreras e instituciones. Este desplazamiento exige producción de conocimiento escrito de alto nivel. En tanto el abordaje de la escritura varía en las diversas disciplinas, relevamos el efecto percibido de dicha diversidad en las prácticas de escritura en la Maestría en docencia universitaria de la Universidad Tecnológica Nacional de Argentina, sede Rosario. Para ello, implementamos un cuestionario acerca de las percepciones sobre las dificultades asociadas con la escritura en general y según su carrera de procedencia en particular. Los resultados muestran escasa o nula coincidencia de los graduados de una misma disciplina. Esas diferencias indican que: las trayectorias no presentan una incidencia homogénea desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes de posgrado y que las trayectorias disciplinares son fenómenos complejos, según el recorrido desde la graduación hasta el posgrado.