bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rational Designing MxSy@C (M＝Ni, Co, Zn, Cu, Mn) Composites With Controlled Polysuifides Shuttling Behaviors Towards Advanced Stable Room Temperature Na－S Batteries
Authors: Yang Yingchang
Published: May 2024

Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT-Na/S) batteries display attractive
potential in large-scale energy-storage, but their practical application
was still restricted by the serious dissolution of polysulfides. Herein,
supported by the constructing of interface engineering, the metal
sulfide-carbon nanocomposite can be prepared with considerable
electrochemical properties. Utilizing the double-helix structure of
carrageenan-metal hydrogels as precursors, in-situ metal sulfide (MxSy)
nanostructure/3D carbon aerogels (3D CAs) can be successfully
constructed. Importantly, with the assistance of the vulcanization
process, 3D carbon architecture was maintained in the composites and act
as a skeleton to optimize their structural stability. As the anode of
RT-Na/S batteries, ZnS/S@C and NiS2/S@C delivered an excellent cycling
stability and rate performance (179.8mAhg−1 at 20Ag−1 after 10000
cycling for ZnS/S@C, 220.3 mAhg−1 at 10Ag−1 after 3000 cycling for
NiS2/S@C). The detailed investigation of mechanism revealed that the
powerful adsorption for Na2S4 was originated from 3D metal
sulfide-carbon structure. The well-designed architecture of
sulfide-carbon composites servers as an electrocatalyst to alleviate the
shuttle effect of polysulfides, resulting in the long-term
electrochemical stability. Given this, the work is expected to provide
promising insights for designing advanced anode materials for RT-Na/S
batteries.
Efficacy of Hyper-CVAD drug regimen in Adult T-Cell leukemia Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Authors: Kamandi Mostafa , Moghaddamnia Fereshteh , Azimi Sajad Ataei , Allahyari Abolghasem , Rahimi Hossein , Shamsi Mohsen Seddigh , Nodeh Mohammad Moeini , Shakeri Mohammad Taghi
Published: May 2024

Background: Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is one of the most
important hematological malignancies caused by the HTLV-I virus. The
disease has a poor prognosis due to the low median survival of the
patients. Aim: Given the need for effective therapeutic
interventions, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of
Hyper-CVAD and As/IFN/AZT regimens and compare their performance.
Methods and Results: This study is a randomized clinical trial
conducted on individuals recently diagnosed with acute ATL. Individuals
who tested positive in a HTLV-I serological test based on ELISA and/or
PCR were randomly assigned to receive treatment with either Hyper-CVAD
or As/IFN/AZT using block randomization. The drug regimens were
administered for 60 days, and patients underwent follow-up assessments.
Overall, 29 individuals were enrolled in the trial. No significant
differences were found in gender distribution, LDH levels, and
lymphocyte counts between the two groups (P-value>0.05).
The treatment response rates for the Hyper-CVAD and As/IFN/AZT regimens
were 46.67% and 35.71%, respectively, with no significant differences
between the two groups (P-value >0.05). Survival analysis
revealed a significant difference in survival between the two groups,
favoring those under the Hyper-CVAD regimen (P-value<0.05).
The predominant toxicities were hematological toxicities; one patient in
the Hyper-CVAD group experienced Grade 3 toxicity, while three patients
in the As/IFN/AZT group experienced Grade 3 toxicity.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest no significant
differences in efficacy between the Hyper-CVAD and As/IFN/AZT regimens.
Additionally, higher toxicity rates were observed in the As/IFN/AZT
regimen. Further investigations into frontline treatments and the timing
of the As/IFN/AZT regimen in future studies may provide valuable
insights in this regard. Clinical Trial Registration:
IRCT20210703051770N1.
Mapping dissolved oxygen concentrations by combining shipboard and Argo observations using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Ito Takamitsu , Cervania Ahron , Cross Kaylin P , Ainchwar Sanika , Delawalla Sara
Published: May 2024

The ocean oxygen (O2) inventory has declined in recent decades but the
estimates of O2 trend are uncertain due to its sparse and irregular
sampling. A refined estimate of deoxygenation rate is developed using
machine learning techniques and biogeochemical Argo array. The source
data includes historical shipboard (bottle and CTD-O2) profiles from
1965 to 2020 and biogeochemical Argo profiles after 2005. Neural network
and random forest algorithms were trained using approximately 80 % of
this data and the remaining 20% for validation. The training data is
further divided into 5-fold decadal groups to perform cross validation
and hyperparameter tuning. Through different combinations of algorithm
types and predictor variable sets, an ensemble of gridded monthly O2
datasets was generated with similar skills (root-mean-square error
~ 13-18 micro-mol/kg and R2 ~ 0.9). The
largest errors are found in the oxycline and frontal regions with strong
lateral and vertical gradients. The mapping was repeated with shipboard
data only and with both shipboard and Argo data. The effect of including
Argo data on the estimated global deoxygenation trends has a major
impact with an 56% increase while reducing the uncertainty by 40% as
measured by the ensemble spread. This study demonstrates the importance
of new biogeochemical Argo arrays in relatively data-poor regions such
as the Southern Ocean.
Soaring Building Collapses in Southern Mediterranean Coasts: Hydroclimatic Drivers & Adaptive Landscape Mitigations
Authors: Fouad Sara S. , Heggy Essam , Amrouni Oula , Nijhuis Steffen , Hzami Abderraouf , Mohamed Nesma , Saleh Ibrahim Hindawy , Jomaa Seifeddine , Elsheshtawy Yasser , Weilacher Udo
Published: May 2024

The low-lying, arid coastal regions of the Southern Mediterranean basin,
extending over 4600 km, face daunting sea level rise and hydroclimatic
changes due to shifting weather patterns. The impacts of the above on
coastal urban buildings and infrastructure still need to be more
qualified and understood. Alexandria, a historic and densely populated
port city representative of several coastal cities in the Southern
Mediterranean, has experienced over 280 building collapses near its
shorelines over the past two decades, with the root causes still being
investigated. We explore the decadal changes in coastal and
hydroclimatic drivers along the city’s coastline using a GIS-based
multi-criteria analysis in the areas where buildings collapsed from 1974
to 2021. Our results suggest that collapses are correlated to severe
coastal erosion due to sediment imbalance caused by the decades-long
inefficient landscape and urban expansion along the historic city’s
waterfront. This severe erosion, combined with sea level rise, upsurges
seawater intrusion, which raises the groundwater levels in coastal
aquifers, disrupting soil stability and accelerating corrosion in
building foundations until they collapse. We identified a coastal area
of high vulnerability with over 7,000 buildings at risk, surpassing any
other vulnerable zone in the Mediterranean Basin. We conclude that
several coastal and densely urbanized areas in the Southern
Mediterranean are at greater risk of building collapses due to similar
hydroclimatic changes. Therefore, we propose a landscape-based coastal
mitigation approach to implement adaptive transformations to curb these
risks that apply to Alexandria and other southern Mediterranean cities
facing the same challenges.
¿Es Ecuador una economía informal?
Authors: Chávez Marcelo Mejía
Published: May 2024

La informalidad, a nivel global, abarca a gran parte de la población en países de distintos tamaños económicos, incluido Ecuador. En un análisis reciente, se exploró cómo la desigualdad en el gasto gubernamental, la inflación y el Producto Interno Bruto per cápita (PIB) influyeron en la persistente informalidad en Ecuador. Utilizando un enfoque de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) llamado "Método de múltiples indicadores y múltiples causas" (MIMIC), se evaluó la informalidad en la economía ecuatoriana de 2001 a 2020 trimestralmente. El resultado mostró que alrededor del 32% de la producción nacional es atribuible al sector informal. Sin regulación y políticas eficaces, este fenómeno podría seguir aumentando, obstaculizando la reducción de la desigualdad en el país.
Circular material use in landscape design
Authors: Medne Sindija , Ulme Andra , Zotova Inga
Published: May 2024

The aim of the article is to highlight trends in landscape and environmental improvement by including new environmental and landscape elements made from recycled materials. To achieve this objective, a number of objectives have been defined: to present a recycled tyre pellet material for use in outdoor landscaping, to look at the tyre recycling process and how this material is obtained, to look at and analyse market trends and products for this material, how this material fits into the circular economy, to propose new ways of using this material in environmental and landscape landscaping. The methods used in the research are literature analysis, research of examples of good practice in Europe, constructive criticism and analysis, public surveys and grapho-analytical compilation of the obtained data. An essential part of the research is the conducted experiment, as the result of that recycled tire granules were used in outdoor furniture collection. The selected research topic is actual because it is necessary to think about the wider use of recycled tire materials, to increase the use of recycled material in various outdoor environmental products, to create demand in this sector; as well as introduce more people to this material - in a different way than usual.
Assessment of Natural Capital and Ecosystem Services: Two Cases of Ecosystem Restoration in the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Niu Zhiming
Published: May 2024

Ecosystem restoration is crucial for reversing land degradation, with the global community aiming to restore 1 billion hectares by 2030. The People’s Republic of China, combating severe land degradation, has prioritized ecological restoration, achieving the United Nations’ land degradation neutrality target in 2020. This study examines the viability of investing in ecosystem restoration in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, focusing on projects at Ma’anshan Farm and Zhihui Farm, revitalized through the Asian Development Bank-supported initiatives. Findings suggest that ecological restoration can be economically viable, offering mutual benefits for the environment, economy, and society. The importance of careful design and implementation is emphasized as essential for success.
Outsmarting Artificial Intelligence in the Classroom—Incorporating Large Language Model-Based Chatbots into Teaching
Authors: Wutzler Juliane
Published: May 2024

Since the release of ChatGPT in November 2022, large language model-based chatbots have attracted much attention. Although businesses value their potential for efficiency gains, academics are concerned about their effects on learning and assessments. This Case enables instructors to integrate large language model-based chatbots into the curriculum. Students assume the role of a professional accountant who retrieves an artificial intelligence-written text that has to be evaluated and improved before presenting it to a client. The analysis and writing activity help students gain domain-specific accounting knowledge and improve their writing skills. Students also improve their computer literacy as they learn to engage with artificial intelligence effectively, assess generated output, and evaluate output quality. These learnings enable students to judge in which business scenarios chatbots are beneficial and when original human contributions will likely remain superior. Finally, this activity expands other cognitive skills, such as critical thinking and judgment.

JEL Classifications: A22; A23; M40; M41; M49.
A Transaction Cost Model of Tax-Motivated Income Shifting into Dot-Sized Tax Havens and an Empirical Examination of E-Commerce Effects
Authors: Chen Chao , Harris David G. , Shi Linna , Zhou Nan
Published: May 2024

Our paper develops a new transaction cost model of tax-motivated income shifting. We analytically show that income shifted by U.S. multinational parent corporations into their tax haven subsidiaries differs from predictions based only on tax rate differences because of the transaction costs of shifting income into tax haven subsidiaries. Our model predicts that e-commerce facilitates greater income shifting by lowering the transaction costs of income-shifting operations, which theoretically supports our focus on actual income shifting instead of the traditional focus on effective tax rates alone. Empirically, we find that greater numbers of multinational corporations’ dot-sized tax havens significantly increase profits shifted out of their U.S. parent corporations and also show with a separate estimation that this amount is similar to amounts shifted into their tax haven subsidiaries, consistent with income shifting being a zero-sum strategy. This novel approach documents income shifting materially increasing with e-commerce activities that lower transaction costs.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: H26; L81; F38; M48.
How Board Monitoring and Mandated Clawbacks Shape Managers’ Use of Discretion: Experimental Evidence
Authors: Hales Jeffrey , Koka Balaji , Venkataraman Shankar
Published: May 2024

We use an experimental setting to examine how an internal governance mechanism—board monitoring—moderates managers’ use of discretion in response to a regulatory governance mechanism—mandated clawbacks. Our study addresses a significant gap in the literature that has largely examined the effects of different governance mechanisms in isolation. We predict and find that mandated clawbacks increase managers’ tendency to use operational discretion (relative to accounting discretion) when board monitoring is weak, but not when board monitoring is strong. Our results have important policy implications by demonstrating that a firm’s internal environment may be more effective than rules in curtailing manager’s opportunistic use of discretion.
A systematic review of randomised controlled trials in breast reconstruction
Authors: Hansson Emma , Larsson Camilla , Uusimäki Alexandra , Svensson Karolina , Widmark Jensen Emmelie , Paganini Anna
Published: May 2024

Background: For preference sensitive treatments, such as breast reconstructions, there are barriers to conducting randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The primary aims of this systematic review were to investigate what type of research questions are explored by RCTs in breast reconstruction, where have they been performed and where have they been published, and to thematise the research questions and thus create an overview of the state of the research field.
Methods: Randomised controlled trials investigating any aspect of breast reconstructions were included. The PubMed database was searched with a pre-defined search string. Inclusion and data abstraction was performed in a pre-defined standardised fashion. For the purpose of this study, we defined key issues as comparison of categories of breast reconstruction and comparison of immediate and delayed breast reconstruction, when the thematisation was done.
Results: A total of 419 abstracts were retrieved from the search. Of the 419, 310 were excluded as they were not RCTs concerning some aspect of breast reconstruction, which left us with 110 abstracts to be included in the study. The research questions of the included studies could more or less be divided into seven different themes inclusive of 2 key issues: Other issues – comparison of different categories of breast reconstruction, comparison of immediate and delayed breast reconstruction, surgical details within a category of breast reconstruction, surgical details valid for several categories of breast reconstruction, donor site management, anaesthetics, and non-surgical details. Only five studies compared key issues, and they all illustrate the challenges with RCTs in breast reconstruction.
Conclusions: A total of 110 publications based on RCTs in breast reconstruction have been published. Seven themes of research questions could be identified. Only five studies have explored the key issues. Better scientific evidence is needed for the key issues in breast reconstruction, for example by implementing a new study design in the field.
Material incorporation in powder sheet additive manufacturing toward lightweight designs for future mobility
Authors: Zhang Wenyou , Pullini Daniele , Alberghini Matteo , Bertinetti Andrea , Tommasi Alessio , Coban Asli , McConnell Seán , Naesstroem Himani , Babu Ramesh Padamati , Volpp Joerg , Lupoi Rocco
Published: May 2024

Additive manufacturing of AlSi10Mg has obtained increased attention due to its lightweight feature. However, handling of loose powder, efficient usage of feedstock, and powder recycling still remain major open challenges. Herein, a novel additive manufacturing method based on metal additive manufacturing using powder sheet (MAPS) is proposed, which leverages composite flexible films made of the feedstock of metal powder and a polymeric binder, aiming to extend the range of applicability of AlSi10Mg-based additive manufacturing technologies, for example, vehicle components. In situ high-speed imaging is used to explore the underlying manufacturing mechanisms of the proposed MAPS concept and investigate the laser–powder sheet interaction. In addition, a representative computational thermo-mechanical model was used to evaluate the substrate deformation due to the printing process, a critical aspect that must be minimized in order to transfer this technology to larger scale applications.
Language education as one of the leading factors in successful adaptation of foreign students
Authors: Антонова З.В. , Сатиш К.Д.
Published: May 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы адаптации иностранных студентов к новой социокультурной и образовательной среде и роли языкового образования в этом процессе. Экспорт образовательных услуг становится одним из показателей качества национальной системы образования любой страны. Обучение иностранных граждан представляет собой сложную систему, включающую организационную работу, нормативно-правовые аспекты, материально-техническую базу и т. д. Одним из немаловажных факторов, влияющих на подготовку высококвалифицированных специалистов из числа иностранных студентов, является их успешная адаптация к новым условиям образовательной и социальной среды принимающей культуры. Хотя обучение иностранных студентов в России имеет давние традиции и накоплен определенный опыт в данной области, проблема адаптации иностранных студентов не потеряла своей актуальности, а практика зарубежных вузов позволяет по-новому взглянуть на многие вопросы. Именно поэтому данное исследование ставит своей целью сравнение опыта адаптации иностранных студентов в российских вузах и в индонезийском университете и разработку рекомендации по организации курса «Иностранный язык» в смешанных интернациональных группах. Компоненты адаптации включают укрепление доверия, коммуникацию, культурную адаптацию и сотрудничество.

The article discusses the process of foreign students’ adaptation to a new sociocultural and educational environment and the role of language education in this process. Export of educational services is becoming one of the indicators of national education system quality of any country. Training foreign students is a complex system which includes organizational efforts, legal aspects, financial and technical resources, etc. One of the important factors of that process is foreign students’ successful adaptation to the new conditions of the educational and social environment of the host culture. Although training foreign students in Russia has a long tradition, and some experience has already been accumulated, the problem of adaptation is still relevant, and the practice of foreign universities allows taking a fresh look at many issues. That is why this study aims to compare the adaptation experience of foreign students in Russian universities and at an Indonesian university to develop recommendations for the “Foreign Language” course in mixed international groups. Adaptation components include building trust, establishing communication, cultural adaptation, and collaboration.
Evaluating the “right@home” randomised trial of nurse home visiting using linked administrative data at school transition
Authors: Price Anna , Zhang Jiaxin , Goldfeld Sharon , Carlin John , Mensah Fiona
Published: May 2024

IntroductionNurse home visiting (NHV) is designed to redress child and maternal health inequities, but long-term evaluation is hampered by sample attrition. Evaluation using administrative data has the potential to overcome attrition through provision of a more complete outcome profile. Australia's “right@home” trial is the only long-running evaluation of NHV designed for a population with universal healthcare.
ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of the NHV program on children's health and development outcomes and service use, compared with usual care (comparator), using linked administrative data at school transition.
MethodsA screening survey identified pregnant women experiencing adversity from antenatal clinics across two states (Victoria, Tasmania). 722 were randomized: 363 to the right@home program (25 visits promoting parenting and home learning environment) and 359 to usual care. At children's first birthdays, 198/237 (83.5) Tasmanian and 420/485 (86.6) Victorian parents consented to data linkage with the Tasmanian Kindergarten Development Check (KDC, 4 years) and Victorian School Entrant Health Questionnaire (SEHQ, 5-6 years), respectively. Jurisdictional differences meant measures could not be harmonized, and variables varied in their interpretability. Following best-practice methods for managing missing data, outcomes were compared between groups (intention-to-treat) using regression models adjusted for stratification factors, baseline variables, and nurse/site cluster.
ResultsLinked data were obtained for n = 134/237 (56.5) Tasmanian and n = 252/485 (52.0) Victorian children. These children had substantially higher prevalence of negative life events and poorer health and development outcomes, and used similar or more services than children state-wide. Compared with usual care, the NHV program increased KDC achievement and SEHQ health service use. There was less evidence for program impacts on SEHQ outcomes.
ConclusionsBenefits of NHV were evident at school transition for child development outcomes and service use. This adds further evidence for NHV being an important component of universal health services that deliver support responsive to families' needs.
RegistrationISRCTN89962120
Mathematical modeling of mechanical properties in the permeation of green hydrogen through membrane separation materials
Authors:   LPMC-Laboratory, University Chouaib Doukkali, Hairch Y. ,   ISTM-Laboratory, FS, Chouaib Doukkali University, Medarhri I. ,   MMCS Team, LMAID Laboratory, ENSMR-Rabat, Jraifi A. ,   MISCOM-Laboratory, ENSA-S, University Cadi Ayyad, Elmlouky A. ,   LPMC-Laboratory, University Chouaib Doukkali
Published: May 2024

The potential role of hydrogen in the future of energy has generated significant enthusiasm, despite the fact that it might not completely replace oil. Hydrogen, with its lengthy history and established place in long-term strategies and global perspectives, is seen as a pivotal player in the energy transition. Currently, hydrogen finds primary use in industrial applications like ammonia production, oil refining, and steel manufacturing, targeting energy-intensive sectors where ammonia and oil refinement are prioritized. However, the reliance on fossil fuels is contributing to economic vulnerability and a climate emergency within the ongoing energy crisis, spurring a global transition towards more sustainable and cleaner alternatives. Many countries are seeking to strengthen their energy security by pursuing renewable and clean energy sources, and classical polymer behavior is being utilized to drive this transition. In recent decades, membrane science has emerged as a powerful tool for developing new industrial processes that support sustainable industrial growth. In this study, we focus on the separation of hydrogen using membrane for hydrogen recovery. In particular, membrane technology has been widely accepted for gas separation to achieve high filtration. In this paper, we performed numerical calculations of the key physical parameters influencing hydrogen production: concentration, permeability and pressure. The verification of our study's credibility was using by comparing the experimental permeation flux and its responsiveness to alterations in hydrogen partial pressure.
PQRS (Preview, Questions, Read, and Summarize) Strategy for Teaching Reading Skill: An Action Research at Indonesian Senior High School Students
Authors:   STKIP PGRI Bandar Lampung, Praja Faradiva Shalikha Noor , Nurmawati Fitri ,   STKIP PGRI Bandar Lampung, Maximilian Aksendro ,   STKIP PGRI Bandar Lampung, Febriyanti Febriyanti ,   STKIP PGRI Bandar Lampung
Published: May 2024

It is evidence that the literacy and reading proficiency for Indonesian students need to be enhanced. Therefore, the objective of this study is to enhance the reading proficiency and learning engagement of eleventh-grade students at SMA Persada Bandar Lampung in the academic year 2023/2024 through the implementation of the Preview, Question, Read, Summarize (PQRS) strategy. The research involved twenty-two students and followed the Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach, consisting of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting phases within each research cycle. Notably, the progress in students' learning engagement is evident in the mean scores, with the first cycle averaging 35.32 and the second cycle averaging 38.50, indicating an improvement of 3.18 points. Additionally, there was a noteworthy enhancement in students' reading proficiency, illustrated by the mean scores for their learning activities: 58.52 in the first cycle and 70.45 in the second cycle, reflecting an improvement of 11.93 points. These findings affirm that the PQRS Strategy effectively enhances both students' reading ability and their engagement in learning activities. Therefore, it is important to recommend PQRS teaching strategy to be used in English class. Keywords: CAR, Reading Comprehension, PQRS (Preview, Question, Read, and Summarize) Strategy
INTEGRASI TEKNOLOGI UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI RELASI FISIKA DAN SENI MUSIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA
Authors: Rahmat Anggi Datiatur , Kuswanto Heru , Wilujeng Insih
Published: May 2024

Banyak peserta didik yang menganggap bahwa fisika sebagai bagian dari ilmu pengetahuan alam (IPA) merupakan pembelajaran yang membosankan dan sulit dipahami. Anggapan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan memperkenalkan hubungan antara fisika dan seni musik sehingga peserta didik tertarik untuk belajar fisika. Integrasi teknologi dalam mengenalkan relasi fisika dan seni musik dapat memberikan  dampak positif pada hasil belajar. Software yang digunakan pada studi ini yaitu Audacity. Hal tersebut menjadi sesuatu yang baru dan berpotensi untuk diterapkan pada kurikulum yang berlaku saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan konsep fisika yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan seni musik. Hasil studi ini dapat diterapkan untuk pada peserta didik sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) yakni memvisualisasikan gelombang bunyi dan merasa senang ketika proses pembelajaran.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DENGAN MENERAPKAN PENDEKATAN STEAM
Authors: Hariandi Joe , Sitompul Stepanus Sahala , Habellia Ray Cinthya
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the increase in students science process skills after the STEAM approach is applied and to determine the effectiveness of the STEAM approach on students science process skills in the subject of temperature and expansion at SMP Negeri 21 Pontianak. The research design uses the One Group pretest-posttest design and the research instrument uses science process skills test questions. Data collection techniques using measurement techniques, observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was used to determine science process skills before and after being given treatment and to find out students science process skills based on their categories and indicators. Based on the data analysis carried out in this study, there was an increase in students science process skills in the subject of temperature and expansion which were taught using the STEAM approach. Judging from the results of the average score of science process skills before being applied at 31.80 and after being applied at 74.11. The increase in KPS can also be seen from the N-GAIN value of 0.617 so that it is in the medium category. Then for the effectiveness of the STEAM approach to improving science process skills using the Effect Size, a value of 3.89 is obtained so that it is included in the high category
Indicative mechanism of influence of judicial precedent and judicial practice on the modern legal system of Ukraine
Authors: Melnik A. M.
Published: May 2024

The article examines, in practical and theoretical aspects, of influence of judicial practice and judicial precedent on the modern legal system of Ukraine. Since Ukraine has been granted candidate status for accession to the European Union, significant changes have been taking place in the legal system of Ukraine, particularly in international law norms, where international treaties have become not only obligatory for application within the legal system of Ukraine but also have priority in case of conflicts between national and international legislation. These changes are driven, in part, by the inclusion of judicial power and issues of justice in the negotiating process regarding Ukraine’s membership in the European Union, identified as the most important tasks for Ukraine. This cluster, which opens first and closes last, defines the fundamental aspects of legal and institutional alignment between Ukraine and the European Union. The importance of this cluster lies in the fact that the judicial system and justice play a key role in ensuring the rule of law, democracy, and the protection of human rights. This significantly influences modern judicial practice and envisages an even wider use of existing precedents or precedents being formed. Currently, in the judicial practice of Ukraine, there are processes that can be interpreted as an indicative mechanism influencing the legal system of Ukraine. It involves a qualitatively distinct set of characteristics that were not evident in previous years. This concerns the interrelation between the legal system of Ukraine and contemporary judicial practice with inherent features of normativity of a precedent-based type. There is a mutually conditioned process. On the one hand, judicial practice is becoming increasingly internationalized, meaning it increasingly employs principles, standards, and norms of international treaties, increasingly accepts judicial precedent of varying degrees of formation, and increasingly orients itself toward widely recognized judicial-legal ideas and principles. On the other hand, the legal system of Ukraine provides for the possibility of effective control over the implementation of international acts within the framework of judicial practice, including the use of judicial precedent to a certain extent and in certain areas of application. Thus, judicial practice, utilizing judicial precedents of national and international origin, serves as an indicative mechanism for analyzing the legal system. Actual judicial practice becomes an indicator of the development of the legal system and its adequacy to contemporary socio-legal and state-legal processes.
Commercial disputes resolution regarding non-fulfillment of obligations as a result of sanctions (restrictive measures)
Authors: Marchenko V. B.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the problematic aspects of the economic and legal consequences of the application of state sanctions, which lead to the need for actual termination of economic relations with the counterparty to which state restrictive measures (sanctions) have been applied and the need to resolve property issues and disputes that may arise as a result of such termination.
It was established that the legislation on sanctions does not contain special legal rules regarding the procedure for termination of legal relations involving the sanctioned entity. In fact, interested parties are forced to act at their own discretion, using general commercial and civil law remedies, which are not adapted to the special sanctions conditions, and therefore are sometimes unable to resolve disputed situations.
It was concluded that there are legal problems in determining the legal grounds for terminating economic relations in connection with the application of sanctions (restrictive measures) and its legal consequences. The solution to this problem should be based on a broad analysis of the practice of similar controversial situations that arise when sanctions are applied. At the same time, the conducted research provides grounds for a conclusion regarding the direction of improving the legal regulation of the application of state sanctions. We believe that economic, civil legislation and legislation on sanctions (restrictive measures) should be systematically supplemented with a complex of legal provisions aimed at regulating the economic and civil legal consequences of the application of sanctions (restrictive measures) to subjects who, at the time of such application, were in contractual relations according to the legislation of Ukraine. In particular, it would be expedient to determine special legal grounds, forms and procedures for termination of contractual obligations in connection with the application of sanctions (restrictive measures) to their party(ies), as well as special rules for the settlement of property and non-property interests of the parties as a result of such termination, since the general commercial and civil law remedies are not adapted to special sanction conditions, and therefore are sometimes unable to resolve disputed economic situations.
SCHOOL-BASED MANAGEMENT AS A METHOD TO IMPROVE EDUCATION QUALITY IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS: A PERSPECTIVE ON THE HEADMASTER'S ROLES
Authors: Firman Muhammad , Berliana Berliana , Warta Waska
Published: May 2024

This research is motivated by the crucial role of school principals in school management and the enhancement of education quality, particularly within the framework of School-Based Management (SBM). The significance of this study is underscored by the substantial impact of education on a nation's development and the pivotal role played by school principals in achieving optimal educational quality. The primary objective of this research is to explore the involvement of school principals in implementing SBM at SMA Negeri 1 Sukaraja, Sukabumi Regency, and assess the impact of their leadership on educational quality improvement. The theoretical foundation of this study rests on the concepts of School-Based Management (SBM) and the theory of school principal leadership. Employing a qualitative approach with a single case study design, the research seeks to provide insights into the successful implementation of the SBM approach by the headmaster of SMA Negeri 1 Sukaraja. This implementation involves active participation from parents, teachers, students, and the local community in the decision-making process, reflecting a more democratic and inclusive management style in school administration. Despite the evident success, the study also uncovers challenges faced in this implementation, including resistance to change and constraints in resources.
RELIGIOUS EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES OF MUSHOLA LOVER STUDENTS IN IMPROVING LEARNING OUTCOMES IN ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
Authors: Kiflin
Published: May 2024

Learning at school is generally given in two forms, namely intracurricular and extracurricular. These two factors can influence student learning outcomes. This research aims to find out how extracurricular activities in the form of Musholla-loving students at school have a positive effect on students' learning outcomes. This research is qualitative and uses SMAN 1 Parigi as the research location. The research sources were five people, consisting of supervisors, two of Musholla lovers students, and teachers. The results of this research found that the extra-curricular activities carried out through the Musholla loving students at SMAN 1 Parigi were divided into four forms of activities: a. daily activities, such as congregational midday prayers, kultum after midday prayers, and cleaning the prayer room; b. weekly activities, such as morning dhikr and yasinan, which are held on Fridays. This activity was followed by a cult c. monthly activities, such as ta'lim and mabit. Mabit activities are marked by staying overnight at school, which contains activities studying the Koran and Hadith, collective dhikr, and evening prayers; d. annual activities, which are divided into spiritual and social activities, such as celebrating Islamic holidays, Islamic boarding school, sharing iftar, and breaking the fast together, as well as social service. Another finding in this research is that students who actively participate in extracurricular activities can fulfill learning objectives as well, especially in semester exams and other formative exams. This shows that extracurricular activities at school can strengthen and improve student learning outcomes, as well as strengthen their social and religious behavior.
TINGKAT LIVABILITAS RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK PADA PANTAI NYANG NYANG BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI WISATAWAN MANCANEGARA
Authors: Hermawan M.D. , Girsang S.R. , Vedanta K.B.P.K. , Siaindo N. , Prajnawrdhi T.A.
Published: May 2024

Pantai merupakan salah satu ruang terbuka publik yang paling diminati khususnya di pulau Bali, khususnya di Desa Pecatu. Tingginya angka pengunjung pantai, khususnya wisatawan mancanegara, menuntut berbagai kebutuhan dan fasilitas pendukung yang perlu dipenuhi untuk memastikan kenyamanan pengunjung dan mengoptimalkan potensi ruang terbuka publik untuk menampung kegiatan, sebagai faktor livabilitas. Tujuan dari survei dan tulisan ini adalah untuk menafsirkan kualitas sebuah pantai berdasarkan faktor livabilitas dan potensi fasilitas area publik yang dapat dikembangkan. Livabilitas ruang terbuka pantai yang baik akan menimbulkan perasaan nyaman dan menyenangkan dalam diri pengunjung, sehingga mengundang wisatawan untuk beraktivitas di dalamnya yang secara langsung berdampak pada kemajuan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Pecatu. Tulisan ini dibuat berdasarkan hasil pengamatan pada ruang terbuka publik di Pantai Nyang Nyang dari bulan September 2022 hingga Januari 2023 yang diolah dengan menggunakan metode analisis kuantitatif. Hasil analisis kuantitatif dari kuisioner membuktikan bahwa tingkat livabilitas ruang terbuka publik di Pantai Nyang Nyang masih tergolong rendah, sehingga diperlukan adanya penyediaan fasilitas serta sarana dan prasarana pada area pantai.
Kata kunci : livabilitas, Pantai Nyang Nyang, ruang terbuka publik, fasilitas, wisatawan mancanegara
PENINGKATAN PEMASARAN PRODUK BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PADA UKM KERAJINAN PERAK DAN BATU ALAM DI BALI
Authors: Putra I.G.N.A.C. , Karyawati A.A.I.N.E. , Sanjaya ER N.A. , Giri G.A.V.M. , Wibawa I.G.A.
Published: May 2024

Di masa pandemi covid-19 banyak usaha di Bali yang terkena dampak, terutama usaha yang berkaitan dengan sektor pariwisata. Salah satu usaha yang terkena dampak adalah TwinSilver, TwinSilver merupakan UKM Kerajian Perak dan Batu Alam yang beralamat di Jalan Siulan Denpasar timur. Pada kondisi normal, TwinSilver melakukan pemasaran secara langsung, dimana TwinSilver membuka gerai/stand di tempat wisata sanur yang banyak didatangi wisatawan baik domestic ataupun mancanegara. Ditengah kondisi saat ini TwinSilver tidak lagi dapat melakukan pemasaran secara langsung dan stand pun ditutup beberapa bulan. Melihat kondisi UKM TwinSilver sehingga perlu memanfaatkan teknologi informasi agar usaha tetap dapat berjalan. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam pengabdian adalah metode Participatory Action Research (PAR), dimana dalam metode ini melibatkan partisipasi aktif dari objek pengabdian dalam hal ini adalah UKM Twinsilver. Partisipasi user dalam perancangan user interface aplikasi. Hasil yang didapat dari pengabdian adalah membangun aplikasi toko online berbasis website, memberikan pelatihan penggunaan toko online dan membrikan buku panduan penggunaan toko online.
Kata kunci : teknologi informasi, toko online.
Cracking the Code to Anticipating Post-Sdgs 2030: Islamic Finance Perspective
Authors: Yusuf Ayus Ahmad , Maryam Asmiyati Khusnul
Published: May 2024

Background: Islamic finance’s focus on social inclusion and development makes it ideal for achieving the 2030 agenda. The purpose of this study is to explore how Islamic finance, specifically Sukuk (Islamic Bond), anticipates post-SDGs 2030 in its own way. The systematic literature review is employed in this study to discover, assess, and analyze every relevant piece of research that has been published yet in order to provide answers to the research questions. We selected articles from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases that met standard eligibility criteria. To analyze the data, researchers used Covidence as a tool to accelerate this systematic review. Our analysis revealed that, to anticipate post-SDGs, Sukuk as one of the Islamic finance products contributes to increased economic and business activity that has an impact on climate change, reducing extreme poverty and inequality. In addition, Islamic finance is also capable of ensuring financial and social stability as well as promoting better and equal human development. The Shariah principles inherent in it have an important contribution to sustainable and equitable development. Thus, development is expected to be more inclusive and sustainable like SDGs’ ambition of “no one left behind”.   Objective: To explore how Islamic finance, specifically Sukuk, anticipates post-SDGs 2030 in its own way.   Method: This research uses qualitative methods. The systematic literature review is employed in this study to discover, assess, and analyze every relevant piece of research that has been published yet in order to provide answers to the research questions.   Results and Discussion: The results revealed that, to anticipate post-SDGs, Sukuk as one of the Islamic finance products contributes to increased economic and business activity that has an impact on climate change, reducing extreme poverty and inequality.   Research Implications: The implication of this research is as follows: Islamic finance is capable of ensuring financial and social stability as well as promoting better and equal human development. The Shariah principles inherent in it make an important contribution to sustainable and equitable development. Thus, development is expected to be more inclusive and sustainable, in line with the SDGs’.
Correlation of Simple Laboratory Result Parameters to CTP and MELD Scores, and the Diagnostic Role of Simple Laboratory Indexes to Cirrhosis Decompansation
Authors: Dewi Ni Nyoman Gita Kharisma , Dewi Ni Luh Putu Yunia , Dewi Putu Itta Sandi Lesmana , Pamungkas Kadek Mercu Narapati , Sindhughosa Dwijo Anargha , Mariadi I Ketut
Published: May 2024

BackgroundCirrhosis of the liver is a final condition of all chronic liver diseases. Liver cirrhosis is the leading cause of increasing morbidity and mortality in adults worldwide. Systemic inflammation has been suggested to play an important role in causing progressive liver damage and is one of the leading causes of compensated and decompensated liver cirrhosis.Aim of StudyEvaluate the correlation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), albumin-bilirubin ratio (ABR), albumin-bilirubin score (ALBI), aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio (APRI), albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), de ritis ratio to the severity of liver cirrhosis as assessed by CTP score and MELD score. In addition, this study also evaluated the diagnostic ability of NLR, ABR, ALBI, APRI, ACR, LMR, de ritis ratio, and CTP and MELD scores in predicting decompensated liver cirrhosis.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional study involving patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis at Prof DR IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital. All patients were diagnosed based on clinical history, physical examination, and investigations. This study enrolled 96 cirrhotic patients regardless of etiology. Laboratory examination results recorded platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, AST, ALT, albumin, and creatinine. Then NLR, ACR, APRI, LMR, de raitis, ALBI, and ABR are calculated. CTP and MELD scores were calculated by taking data from the patient's medical recordResultOf the 96 patients tested in our study, the majority were male (66). The study found a significant moderate to very strong relationship to the MELD score between ACR, APRI, ALBI, ABR, LMR, WBC, sodium, and albumin. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, ACR, De ritis, APRI, LMR, ALBI, ABR, sodium levels, and albumin have a moderate to very strong significant relationship to CTP score. ACR, De ritis, APRI, LMR, ALBI, ABR, WBC, sodium, and albumin levels with respective cut-offs £ 3.6; ≥ 1.5; ≥ 0.3; £ 2.8; ≥ 0.7; £1.6; ≥ 6.7, £ 136.50, and £ 3.0 can be used to help predict decompensated cirrhosisConclusionIn addition to using the CTP score and MELD score as a tool to predict the severity of liver cirrhosis, data from laboratory examination results in the form of albumin and ABR levels can help establish the diagnosis of decompensated cirrhosis. The sensitivity and specificity of ABR were 96.8% and 75.4% with a cut-off of £  1.6, while albumin levels were 93.5% and 81.5% with an amount off of £  3.0.
The essence and importance of monitoring of a large metropolitan area's strategic development
Authors: DEREBIZOVA Mariya V.
Published: May 2024

Subject. This article discusses the issues of socio-economic development of areas and improving the well-being of the population.
Objectives. The article aims to determine the most important areas of monitoring the achievement of the development goals of large urban agglomerations.
Methods. For the study, I used the general scientific research methods.
Results. The article finds that budget monitoring is a key aspect of monitoring the strategic development of a large urban agglomeration.
Conclusions. The results of the study can be used in the practical activities of local self-government bodies in the field of strategic development.
Central regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): A comparative analysis of the main social development indicators
Authors: OKHLOPKOV Gavril N.
Published: May 2024

Subject. This article discusses the issues of ensuring balanced socio-economic development at the local level.
Objectives. The article aims to develop a methodology for classifying municipal districts according to the level of social development.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of mathematical analysis.
Results. Based on the analysis of indicators for the period 2010–2021, the article divides the Central regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) into three clusters. Most of the districts are included in the second cluster, corresponding to the average level of social development. This indicates that there are insignificant differences in social development indicators between the Central regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
Relevance. The developed classification and ranking help obtain additional data necessary for adjusting the programmes of social development of territories.