bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bullying and cyberbullying: features and ways of preventing
Authors: Katerynchuk Kateryna , Matsiuk Olha
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the topics of bullying and cyberbullying. The results of the questionnaire have been analyzed to further prevent and improve ways of preventing these phenomena. The article gives examples of special diagnostic techniques. Socio-psychological description of the environment in an educational institution can be made using these techniques.

The purpose of the article is to highlight the problem of bullying and cyberbullying.

According to the results of a questionnaire among pupils and students the article presents the methods which may improve the internal environment in educational institution. It`s proposed to criminalize the use of violence against participants of the educational process. Such acts consist of mental, physical, economic, sexual abuse, including the use of electronic means of communication which committed against a minor or by such a person against other participants of the educational process. These acts of violence lead to the consequences in accordance with Articles 121, 122 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

One of the ways to solve this problem is to develop a plan of action which may prevent acts of bullying and cyberbullying in educational institutions. The authors concluded that bullying and cyberbullying have been spreading widely and have a negative influence on the future of the individual. Due to the growing use of the Internet, online bullying is becoming more and more widespread. While cyberbullying mainly causes moral harm, bullying is usually about physical intimidation and beatings.

The article states that parents and teachers should be an example of tolerant behavior, organize various events to bring pupils and teachers closer together. It is necessary to work with a psychologist, involve children in different sections and urge them to do creative work. In this way, respect and benevolence will be promoted. Parents and others, in turn, must pay attention to all forms of violence and bullying against children.

Keywords: bullying, cyberbullying, violence, aggressive behavior, Internet network.
Revealing the formation mechanism and band gap tuning of Sb2S3 nanoparticles
Authors: Joschko Maximilian , Fotue Wafo Franck Yvan , Malsi Christina , Kisić Danilo , Validžić Ivana , Graf Christina
Published: September 2021

Sb2S3 is a promising nanomaterial for application in solar cells and in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics. Herein, Sb2S3 nanoparticles were prepared via the hot-injection approach. In contrast to earlier work, the reaction temperature was decreased to 150 °C so that the reaction was slowed down and could be stopped at defined reaction stages. Thereby, the formation mechanism of the nanomaterial and the associated kinetics could be revealed. Based on morphological and structural analyses, it is suggested that seed particles (type 0) formed immediately after injecting the antimony precursor into the sulfur precursor. These seeds fused to form amorphous nanoparticles (type I) that contained a lower percentage of sulfur than that corresponding to the expected stoichiometric ratio of Sb2S3. The reason for this possibly lies in the formation of an oxygen- or carbon-containing intermediate during the seeding process. Afterward, the type I nanoparticles aggregated into larger amorphous nanoparticles (type II) in a second hierarchical assembly process and formed superordinate structures (type III). This process was followed by the crystallization of these particles and a layer-like growth of the crystalline particles by an Ostwald ripening process at the expense of the amorphous particles. It was demonstrated that the kinetic control of the reaction allowed tuning of the optical band gap of the amorphous nanoparticles in the range of 2.2–2.0 eV. On the contrary, the optical band gap of the crystalline particles decreased to a value of 1.7 eV and remained constant when the reaction progressed. Based on the proposed formation mechanism, future syntheses for Sb2S3 particles can be developed, allowing tuning of the particle properties in a broad range. In this way, the selective use of this material in a wide range of applications will become possible.
The importance of 3D imaging for the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment
Authors:   Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“, Galaţi, Decusară Mioara , Şincar Cerasella-Dorina ,   Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“, Galaţi, Nicolau Alexandru ,   Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“, Galaţi, Gheorghi Teodora Denisa ,   Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“, Galaţi
Published: September 2021

Within a century, dental radiology “suffered” transformation, beginning with periapical radiographs, cephalograms and panoramic radiography and continuing with digital imaging and cone beam computed tomography. In contemporary dental practice is importantant to choose the type of radiographic investigation in order to achieve a complete and accurate diagnosis, so necessary for determining the treatment plan for patients with dental-maxillary abnormalities. We conducted a comparative study between conventional radiographic investigation (periapical radiographs, panoramic radiography) and cone beam computed tomography in patients with malocclusions. The costs and radiation doses are low to the classic X-rays, but the diagnosis is given by the two-dimensional image of a three-dimensional dental-maxillary pathologies. Cone Beam CT scans were relatively high in cost and in radiation doses, but provided three-dimensional images and anatomic and radiological data of superior quality to the classics.
EVALUATION OF LIFE QUALITY IN PATIENTS WITH HAEMOPHILIA
Authors:   Neuroscience Department, ‘‘Victor Babes’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania, Hogea Lavinia , Nussbaum Laura ,   Neuroscience Department, ‘‘Victor Babes’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania,   Psychiatry and Neurology Pediatric Clinic, Timisoara, Romania
Published: September 2021

There is an increasing concern for the evaluation of individual experience and perception of health condition by the cronic patients. World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-100) is one of the most beneficial instruments for assessment of life quality in haemophilic patients. The aim of the study is evaluation of life quality in haemophilic patients admitted in the Medical Center of Evaluation and Rehabilitation ‘‘Cristian Serban’’, Buzias, and Pediatric Clinic Children’s Hospital ’’Luis Turcanu’’, Timisoara, Romania.
The research of neurohormonal biomarkers in arterial hypertension diagnosis in adolescents
Authors:   Departamentul de Pediatrie al Universităţii de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu“,  Spitalul Clinic Municipal pentru Copii „Valentin Ignatenco“, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Grosu Victoria , Melnicov Victoria ,   Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu“, Chişinău, Republica Moldova
Published: September 2021

Arterial hypertension (AHT) is currently considered one of the most common pathologies of the cardiovascular system and one of the risk factors of atherosclerosis and chronic myocardial dysfunctions. Essential hypertension is accompanied by metabolic disorders, hypercatecholaminemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia, excessive fat storage in adipocytes in obese patients as well as other factors. To assess the degree and prognosis of arterial hypertension, it is important to use early diagnosis, first of all the signs of heart remodeling, metabolic and neurohormonal disorders, and changes in the arterial wall. Objectives of the study. Indices evaluation of neurohormonal biomarkers in arterial hypertension diagnosis in adolescents. Material and methods. The hemodynamic parameters of cardiac performance and neurohormonal biomarkers have been evaluated in this study of 113 children, divided in two groups. The first group included 52 patients, having chronic heart failure secondary to arterial hypertension and the second control group included 85 children. Obtained results. The EcoCG parameters in patients with arterial hypertension detected left myocardial hypertrophy and the septum myocardial hypertrophy, and the modification of the LVEF, LVSF. The determination of specific biochemical tests assessing myocardial damage biomarkers in patients with congestive heart failure secondary to arterial hypertension confirmed a statistically significant increase in serum content epinephrine in comparison with the control group (p<0.001), of the conclusive norepinephrine the control (p<0.05) and increase in urine content catecholamine in activity significance compared to the control group (p<0.001), with further increase concentration level in the dynamic therapy (p<0.001). Conclusions. The investigation performed shows that the patients with chronic heart failure develop hypoxic and ischemic processes, that lead to modified of hemodynamic parameters and metabolic and neurohormonal biomarkers.
ALEXITHYMIA IN PATIENTS WITH HAEMOPHILIA. COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH THE HEALTHY POPULATIONALEXITHYMIA IN PATIENTS WITH HAEMOPHILIA. COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH THE HEALTHY POPULATION
Authors:   Psychology Discipline, Neurosciences Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “V. Babes”, Timisoara, Hogea Lavinia , Nussbaum Laura ,   Pedopsychiatry Discipline, Neurosciences Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “V. Babes”,  Senior specialist Pediatric Psychiatry, Head of the Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Timisoara
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Haemophilia is “a genetic transmitted disorder”, it belongs to the category of rare diseases, illnesses that face devastating and incapacitating developments affecting each person beyond physical problems. Material and method. 200 subjects were part of the study, they were divided into two equal groups (patients with hemophilia A and B – 50% and healthy population – 50%), aged between 16 and 45 years. We used the medical history and measuring alexithymia with TAS-20 (Toronto Alexithymia Scale). Results. The study conducted shows that there are statistically significant differences between hemophiliacs and non-hemophiliacs, hemophiliacs have higher levels of alexithymia compared to non-hemophiliacs. Conclusions. The overall level of alexithymia was higher in patients with haemophilia than the other groups, including three subscales DIF (difficulty identifying emotions), DDF (difficulty in describing feelings) and EOT (externally oriented thinking).
BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE SOLUTIONS FOR OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE BREAST CANCER PATIENTS WITH SLEEP DISTURBANCES
Authors:   “Carol Davila” Medicine University, Bucharest, Artene Diana V. , Bordea Cristian I. ,   Department II of Surgical Oncology, “Alexandru Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, Bucharest, Blidaru Alexandru ,   Department of Surgery at “Carol Davila” Medicine University, Head of Surgical Oncology Department at  “Alexandru Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, Bucharest
Published: September 2021

Sleep disturbances overthrow breast cancer patients’ eating behavior, aggravating sarcopenic obesity causes like insulin, leptin and dopamine resistance, thus increasing recurrence and mortality risks. Seeking fat loss solutions for sarcopenic obesity in ER+ breast cancer patients with sleep disturbances, we randomized 50 – of which 16 were depressive – to follow a high protein diet (D) or the diet and sleep journal interventions (D+SJ). Patients ate only when hungry foods naturally high in protein, calcium, omega-3, pre- and probiotics, and were asked to write a daily food journal. Half of the patients were asked to write a 7-day Kalionka Institute type sleep journal – containing questions about the time it took them to fall asleep, number of awakenings during the night, how much they slept, how much they stayed in bed, and self-perceived sleep quality. After writing the sleep journal, we asked patients to follow set sleeping and wake up hours calculated based on their SJ answers, and to not sleep during the day. After 8 weeks we remeasured body composition with a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance scale. 8 patients from the D+SJ group asked to leave the study, 5 being depressive. D group lost 2.31±2.86% body fat (p=0.001), and 0.76±1.16% visceral fat (p=0.001); with no fat loss difference between patients with or without depression. Depressive patients did not obtain statistically significance for weight loss. D+SJ group improved sleep quality and lost 2.16±2.35% body fat (p=0.002), and 0.86±1.24% visceral fat (p=0.005). Depressive patients didn’t obtain statistically significant results neither for fat, nor for weight loss – maybe because of the overtiring effect of the SJ intervention. So, both D and D+SJ interventions improve breast cancer patients’ body composition despite sleep disturbances, but only non-depressive patients also lose weight. And SJ intervention improves sleep quality in patients without depression, decreasing weight regain risk.
Comparative study on the benefits of integrative psychotherapy sessions on coronary patients with anxiety and depression
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Mitrea Rodica ,   Centrul de Recuperare PSY-03, Bucureşti, Bradu Iamandescu Ioan ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Tudor Luana Cezara ,   Centrul de Recuperare PSY-03, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Today, cardiovascular diseases represent a very important issue in the study of human health around the world. We conducted the present taking into account the negative impact that these diseases have on our lives. Our study aims to engage in a psychomedical sense in the behavior of patients with heart problems, negatively influenced on one hand by the alert lifestyle of the contemporary society, and on the other hand of anxiety and depression, most often found in the clinical picture of cardiovascular patients. Objectives. The introduction of psychotherapy treatment sessions for coronary patients with anxiety and depression, observing the interrelations that arise after these sessions. Methods and materials. The study was conducted on a sample consisting of 62 people, men and women with cardiovascular diseases and anxiety and depression. The following questionnaires were used: Hamilton for anxiety and Beck for depression. Patients went through a total of 20 sessions of psychotherapy, custom made for each one, because the same disease can be experienced differently, depending on the patient's psychological reactivity. Results. Following the proposed program of therapy, the results were represented in graphs and statistically analyzed. Debate. A positive role of the psychotherapy sessions is noted, especially in the light and medium phase of depression and anxiety.
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Clinopodium nepeta subsp. glandulosum (Req.) Govaerts essential oil
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Gözde , YILMAZ Gülderen , EKŞİ Gülnur , DEMİRCİ Betül
Published: September 2021

Clinopodium nepeta subsp. glandulosum (Req.) Govaerts is a natural perennial grass belonging to the Lamiaceae family, growing spontaneously on the Mediterranean coast. It is locally known as “kedi fesleğeni” in Turkey. This aromatic plant is used as a mint-like spice in food preparations and in the composition of some recipes during religious feasts. In folk medicine, it is used as stimulant, antiseptic and antispasmodic. Aerial parts of C. nepeta subsp. glandulosum were collected from Bilecik in July 2017, and was air dried. The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus and the composition of the essential oil was simultaneously analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Piperitenone oxide (47.8%), limonene (18.6%) and piperitone oxide II (13.6%) were found as major components. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil was tested against Escherichia coli NRRLB-3008, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 13311, Bacillus cereus NRRL-B3711 and Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556 were used by broth microdilution method. Ciprofloxacin was used as control and Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) were determined. The highest activity was found against S. typhimurium (1250 µg/mL). The essential oil is more effective against B. cereus (2500 µg/mL) and S. sanguinis (2500 µg/mL). The lowest activities were determined against E. coli (5000 µg/mL) and P. aeruginosa (10000 µg/mL).
EFEKTIVITAS BUAH KURMA DAN BUAH BIT TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER II DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS KARANGAWEN II KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Cahya Wening Eka , Fitriani Ardhita Listya , Mandaty Fhandy Aldy , Rizqitha Rizqitha
Published: September 2021

Pregnant women who suffer from anemia are at risk for miscarriage, premature birth, low birth weight babies, and bleeding before and after childbirth. Data from the Karangawen II Health Center, Demak Regency, the number of pregnant women in 2017 was 910 pregnant women who experienced anemia. In 2018 the number of pregnant women with anemia was 915, in 2019 there were 932 pregnant women with anemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of dates and beets on hemoglobin levels in pregnant women in the second trimester at Karangawen II Public Health Center, Demak Regency. This type of research is a quasi-experimental. The research design used was a two group pre-test-post-test design. The study population was the population of pregnant women in the second trimester at the Karangawen II Public Health Center, Demak Regency who experienced anemia as many as 40 pregnant women. The number of samples of pregnant women in the second trimester at the Karangawen II Health Center Demak was 38 people. The sample was divided into two groups. 18 people of beetroot group and 18 people of dates. The sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling. Results: There are differences in hemoglobin levels of pregnant women in the second trimester at Karangawen II Health Center, Demak Regency before and after being given dates. There are differences in hemoglobin levels of pregnant women in the second trimester in the Karangawen II Public Health Center, Demak Regency before and after being given beets.
A NEW NUMERICAL METHOD TO SOLVE NONLINEAR VOLTERRA-FREDHOLM INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: Hou Jinjiao , Niu Jing , Ngolo Welreach
Published: September 2021

In this paper, a new method combining the simplified reproducing kernel method (SRKM) and the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) to solve the nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations (V-FIDE) is proposed. Firstly the HPM can convert nonlinear problems into linear problems. After that we use the SRKM to solve the linear problems. Secondly, we prove the uniform convergence of the approximate solution. Finally, some numerical calculations are proposed to verify the effectiveness of the approach.
Antibacterial effect of acetic acid during an outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an ICU (II)
Authors: Garciglia-Mercado Carolina , Gaxiola-Robles Ramon , Ascencio Felipe , Grajales-Muñiz Concepción , Soriano Rodríguez Maria Luisa , Silva-Sanchez Jesus , Estrada-Garcia Maria Teresa , Gómez-Anduro Gracia A
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Acetic acid (AA) has been commonly used in medicine as an antiseptic agent for the past 6000 years. This study evaluated the antibacterial effect of AA during an outbreak in an intensive care unit (ICU) facility in Baja California Sur, México.

Methodology: Thirty-five environmental samples were collected, subsequently, disinfection with AA (4%) was performed, and two days later the same areas were sampled inside the ICU facility. Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) was detected with loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (Garciglia-Mercado et al. companion paper), targeting blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-24-like, blaOXA-51-like, blaOXA-58-like, blaIMP and blaVIM genes. CRAB isolates before and after disinfection were compared by PFGE.

Results: Eighteen (54.5%) and five (14.3%) of thirty-five environmental samples were identified as Acinetobacter baumannii before and after disinfection, respectively, showing a significant decrease of 85.7% (p < 0.05) both by Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, the presence of blaOXA-23-like and blaOXA-58-like genes significantly decreased (p < 0.05) both by LAMP and PCR methods. PFGE genotype showed high similarity among CRAB isolates before and after disinfection, suggesting wide clonal dissemination in the ICU facility.

Conclusions: This study demonstrated the novel application of AA with the LAMP assays developed for detecting CRAB. AA promises to be a cheap and efficacious disinfectant alternative to both developed and especially developing countries, preventing the spread of this organism in the environment and to other susceptible patients in health care settings.
Knowledge and perception of treatment among tuberculosis patients attending primary care clinics in Malaysia
Authors: Balakrishnan Nesamalar , Md Monoto Ezura Madiana , Mohd Tohit Noorlaili , Abdul Wahab Asrul
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a disease of public health concern. It can be treated effectively with good knowledge about the disease and complete adherence to the recommended treatment regime. This study is intended to assess the level of knowledge and perception of treatment among tuberculosis patients attending primary care clinics.

Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a validated self-administered questionnaire among tuberculosis patients attending primary care clinics in Johor Bahru district. A total of 208 tuberculosis patients were enrolled in this study through convenience sampling. We assessed the general knowledge, transmission, causes, and prevention of tuberculosis, where higher scores indicated better knowledge. For the perception of treatment, a higher mean score indicated a more negative perception.

Results: The mean score for knowledge on tuberculosis was 54.33 ± 12.78, ranging from 25 to 88.9%. The mean score for perception was 2.75±0.52, ranging from 2.15-3.39. We found that although 88.9% of respondents knew a person could be infected with TB through inhalation of tuberculosis bacilli, a majority believed that smoking (68.2%), sharing food (69.2%), and eating from the same plate (66.8%) are causes of tuberculosis. Moreover, there was still a negative perception regarding the treatment of tuberculosis with the highest mean score for the statement ‘I am afraid if I am told I am tuberculosis positive’.

Conclusions: We found that there were gaps in knowledge among tuberculosis patients. Intermittent counseling during the treatment re-enforces the knowledge of tuberculosis. An updated standardized counseling sheet of tuberculosis Health Education should be included along with staff training to update their knowledge as part of their important role in health education in tuberculosis prevention.
Environmental and social effects on the incidence of tuberculosis in three Brazilian municipalities and in Federal District
Authors: Monteiro de Castro Fernandes Fernanda , Couto Junior Antônio Felipe , Braga Jose Ueleres , Oliveira Silvano , Do Socorro Nantua Evangelista Maria
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The territorial characteristics, heterogeneities of landscapes, and the regional profiles of Brazil show great disparities in the spatial distribution of tuberculosis burden. Objective of this study is to analyze the effects of environmental and social factors on tuberculosis incidence in three Brazilian municipalities and in the Federal District of Brazil.

Methodology: We performed an ecological study carried out with 131,576 new cases of tuberculosis registered in the Brazilian national disease notification system. For our research we used climatic data, topographic data and socioeconomic data.

Results: Wind speed and vapor pressure increased the risk of tuberculosis infection between 4.6 and 5.8 times in the 3 municipalities, in comparison with the Federal District. In Recife socioeconomic aspects showed a greater association with tuberculosis. Lack of garbage collection, poor basic sanitation, and access to drinking water, respectively, increased 49, 33, and 28 times the risk of infection. In the multiple regression analysis, Rio de Janeiro showed several environmental characteristics – such as precipitation (p = 0.002), radiation (p = 0.020) and water vapor (p = 0.055) – and social characteristics associated with tuberculosis – such as the lack of sewage treatment, which revealed a 13.5-fold higher risk of infection (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Incidence in the areas studied was influenced by environmental and social conditions at different levels depending on the territory where the problem was identified. The results make it possible to guide an urban and social policy to reach the targets set out in the WHO End tuberculosis Strategy in large Brazilian urban agglomerations.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on parents’ behavior toward scheduled pediatric vaccinations in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Nafeesah Abdullah Saleh , Aldamigh Abdullah Saleh , Almansoor Basel Abdulrahman , Al-Wutayd Osama , AlE'ed Ashwaq Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a newly discovered coronavirus and has resulted in a global pandemic. The World Health Organization recommended avoiding any delay or disruption of immunization services, as this could result in increases in outbreak-prone vaccine-preventable diseases. This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on parents’ behaviour towards their children’s scheduled vaccinations.

Methodology: This web-based cross-sectional study recruited 1,143 parents/guardians of children below six years of age living in Saudi Arabia between May 1 and May 30, 2020 via social media platforms. A self-developed online questionnaire consisting of eight items was used. Simple and multiple binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with vaccine delay during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: The parents/guardians were aged 20–60 years; 82% were aged between 20 and 39 years. It was found that 26% of parents did not vaccinate their children on time according to the national immunization schedule in regular situations, and 38% of parents reported delaying vaccination due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The multiple logistic regression analysis found that having two or more children, living in Riyadh or the Western region or not vaccinating children during regular situations were associated with an increased risk of vaccine delay during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions: Delaying children’s vaccinations during the COVID-19 pandemic was influenced most by living in regions with high COVID-19 prevalence and having two or more children.
Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella in chickens, sewage, and workers of broiler farms in selected areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Talukder Sudipta , Hasan Md. Mehedi , Mandal Amit Kumar , Tasmim Syeda Tanjina , Parvin Mst. Sonia , Ali Md. Yamin , Nahar Azimun , Islam Md. Zahorul , Islam Md. Taohidul
Published: September 2021

Introduction: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and AMR pattern of Salmonella isolated from broiler chickens, farm sewage, and farm workers. This study also aimed at identifying the risk factors for Salmonella infection in chickens.

Methodology: Cloacal swabs (n = 50) from broiler chickens, farm sewage (n = 50), and hand washed water of farm workers (n = 50) were collected along with data on farm management and antimicrobial usage from 50 broiler farms of Mymensingh and Gazipur districts. All samples were analysed for the presence of Salmonella using selective media and PCR assay. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done for ten antimicrobials by disk diffusion test. Risk factor analyses were carried out by multivariable logistic regression using SPSS.

Results: The overall Salmonella prevalence was 66% (99/150). Salmonella prevalence were 82% and 72% in cloacal swabs and farm sewage samples, respectively. From hand washed water, 44% of the samples were positive for Salmonella. Salmonella infection in broiler chickens was significantly associated with farming experience (≤ 5 years) and age of birds (≥ 11 days). Similar pattern of antimicrobial resistance was observed in Salmonella isolated from three types of samples, and high resistances were observed to colistin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime. Moreover, isolates from all the three sources showed high percentage of multidrug-resistance (80.6% to 97.6%).

Conclusions: The findings of this study reveal that antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella are prevailing at animal-human-environment interface, which needs an integrated approach to limit further spread of AMR.
Community responses to COVID-19 pandemic first wave containment measures: a multinational study
Authors: Aung Myo Nyein , Stein Claire , Chen Wei-Ti , Garg Vandana , Saraswati Sitepu Monika , Thu Nguyen Thi Dang , Gundran Carlos Primero D , Hassan Mohd Rohaizat , Suthutvoravut Unyaporn , Soe Aung Naing , Nour Magde , Gyi Khin Khin , Brandl Rainer , Yuasa Motoyuki
Published: September 2021

Introduction: National strategies to control COVID-19 pandemic consisted mostly of social distancing measures such as lockdowns, curfews, and stay-home guidelines, personal protection such as hand hygiene and mask wearing, as well as contact tracing, isolation and quarantine. Whilst policy interventions were broadly similar across the globe, there were some differences in individual and community responses. This study explored community responses to COVID-19 containment measures in different countries and synthesized a model. This exaplains the community response to pandemic containment measures in the local context, so as to be suitably prepared for future interventions and research.

Methodology: A mutlinational study was conducted from April-June 2020 involving researchers from 12 countries (Japan, Austria, U.S., Taiwan, India, Sudan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Myanmar, Vietnam and Thailand). Steps in this research consisted of carrying out open-ended questionnaires, qualitative analyses in NVivo, and a multinational meeting to reflect, exchange, and validate results. Lastly, a commuinty response model was synthesized from multinational experiences.

Results: Effective communication is key in promoting collective action for preventing virus transmission. Health literacy, habits and social norms in different populations are core components of public health interventions. To enable people to stay home while sustaining livelihoods, economic and social support are essential. Countries could benefit from previous pandemic experience in their community response. Whilst contact tracing and isolation are crucial intervention components, issues of privacy and human rights need to be considered.

Conclusions: Understanding community responses to containment policies will help in ending current and future pandemics in the world.
New species of the genus Spio (Annelida, Spionidae) from the southern and western coasts of Korea
Authors: Lee Geon Hyeok , Meißner Karin , Yoon Seong Myeong , Min Gi-Sik
Published: September 2021

A new spionid polychaete, Spio pigmentata sp. nov., is described from the southern and western coasts of Korea. This new species differs from its congeners by the following morphological characteristics combined: the presence of orange-brown pigmentation on the anterior part of the prostomium, black pigmentations on the peristomium and along the body, U-shaped nuchal organs, a comparatively long extension of metameric dorsal ciliated organs, three pairs of ventral epidermal glands per chaetiger, two to three abranchiate chaetigers, and the presence of tridentate neuropodial hooded hooks. The partial 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and nuclear 18S rDNA sequences of the new species and Spio sp. 2 reported by Abe and Sato-Okoshi (2021) from Japan showed high similarity, indicating that these two belong to the same species. A detailed description and illustrations of the new species, together with molecular information, are provided.
An annotated checklist of millipede fauna from Slovakia, with ecological and biogeographic characteristics
Authors: Haľková Beáta , Drabová Martina , Mock Andrej
Published: September 2021

Two decades have passed since the publishing of the last checklist of the millipedes of Slovakia. During this time, several new faunistic records have been added and taxonomic revisions have occurred. The present updated checklist summarises data on all millipede species recorded in Slovakia, including altogether 93 species.

For each species, general habitat characteristics, ecological classification and distributional pattern are provided. Ecological classification is presented for the first time for the millipede species occurring in Slovakia and is proposed as a tool for ecological studies and for the nature protection purposes. Special remarks are given to the species newly found for Slovakia, Geoglomeris subterranea Verhoeff, 1908, Brachyiulus lusitanus Verhoeff, 1898, Cylindroiulus britannicus (Verhoeff, 1891), C. parisiorum (Brölemann & Verhoeff, 1896) and Polydesmus burzenlandicus Verhoeff, 1925, as well as to C. arborum Verhoeff, 1928, the species newly confirmed for Slovakia after more than 70 years.
Pour une gestion ambulatoire de l’urgence et de la crise en santé mentale
Authors: Defromont Laurent
Published: September 2021

Le pôle de santé mentale ici présenté se définit comme un laboratoire de bonnes pratiques. Celles-ci s’articulent autour de principes partagés comme l’utilisation des ressources communautaires, la réactivité dans l’évaluation de la crise, l’utilisation prioritaire d’équipes mobiles, « l’aller vers » le malade, le recours à des médiateurs de santé pairs. Le but est de pouvoir évaluer la situation précocément mais en prenant le temps afin que le recours aux soignants puisse être vécu comme une aide et non comme une seule contrainte débouchant nécessairement sur une hospitalisation en urgence.
The Precision of a New Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomographer and Its Comparison With a Swept-Source OCT-Based Optical Biometer in Patients With Cataract
Authors: Wang Qinmei , Chen Min , Ning Rui , Savini Giacomo , Wang Yiran , Zhang Tianjiao , Lin Xuanqiao , Chen Xin , Huang Jinhai
Published: September 2021

PURPOSE:

To assess the precision of a new spectral-domain optical coherence tomographer (SD-OCT)/Placido topographer (MS-39; CSO) and its comparison with a swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) biometer (Argos; Movu, Inc) in patients with cataract.

METHODS:

Fifty-three right eyes from 53 patients were examined by two experienced operators three times using both devices randomly. Employing the within-subject standard deviation (S
w
), test–retest variability, coefficient of variation, and intraclass correlation coefficient to evaluate intraoperator repeatability and interoperator reproducibility; the double-angle plots to analyze astigmatism; and Bland-Altman plots and 95% limits of agreement to verify the agreement between devices.

RESULTS:

The SD-OCT/Placido tomographer showed high precision, with coefficient of variation of 0.44% or less, intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.945 or greater for all parameters, test–retest variability of 4.21 µm or less for central corneal thickness (CCT), 0.03 mm or less for anterior chamber depth (ACD) and aqueous depth (AQD), and 0.25 diopters (D) or less for mean keratometry (Km), J
0
, and J
45
. The inter-device differences in Km, J
0
, and J
45
were statistically insignificant, whereas the remaining were statistically but not clinically significant. The 95% limits of agreement of CCT, ACD, AQD, Km, J
0
, and J
45
were −3.70 to 15.25 µm, −0.06 to 0.04 mm, −0.06 to 0.04 mm, −0.28 to 0.35 D, −0.27 to 0.26 D, and −0.27 to 0.21 D, respectively. The double-angle plot confirmed the high agreement in astigmatism.

CONCLUSIONS:

For CCT, ACD, AQD, Km, and astigmatism measurements in patients with cataract, the new SD-OCT/Placido tomographer has excellent precision and high agreement with the Argos SS-OCT biometer, and can be used interchangeably.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(9):616–622.]
Assessment of the Vault After Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation Using the KS Formula
Authors: Igarashi Akihito , Shimizu Kimiya , Kato Sayaka
Published: September 2021

PURPOSE:

To examine the vault size after Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) (KS-AquaPORT; STAAR Surgical) surgery using the KS formula.

METHODS:

In this prospective study, the postoperative vault was examined using the KS formula in 121 eyes of 65 patients (28 men and 37 women) who underwent ICL implantation for myopia and myopic astigmatism. The mean horizontal angle-to-angle (ATA), anterior chamber depth, and axial length before surgery were 11.83 ± 0.40, 3.25 ± 0.34, and 26.52 ± 1.17, respectively. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (CASIA2; Tomey Corporation) was used for ATA measurement.

RESULTS:

Multiple regression analysis of the potential factors influencing the predicted vault error (postoperative vault – predicted vault by KS formula) showed that only ICL size was a significant factor (
P
< .001,
r
= 0.36). At an ICL size of 12.1 mm, the postoperative vault was smaller than the predicted vault, and the postoperative vault tended to be larger than the predicted vault at ICL sizes of 13.2 and 13.7 mm.

CONCLUSIONS:

Vault prediction by the KS formula was generally good, but the ICL size influenced the vault prediction error; therefore, a modified KS formula was created to reduce the error in measurements of the postoperative vault.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(9):636–641.]
Harmonic and subharmonic solutions of quadratic Liénard type systems with sublinearity
Authors: Song Chunmei ,   School of Mathematics and Computing Science, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Data Analysis and Computation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China, Liu Qihuai , Jiang Guirong ,   Center for Applied Mathematics of Guangxi (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin 541001, China
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we prove the existence of harmonic solutions and infinitely many subharmonic solutions of dissipative second order sublinear differential equations named quadratic Liénard type systems. The method of the proof is based on the Poincaré-Birkhoff twist theorem.
Improved FCM algorithm for fisheye image cluster analysis for tree height calculation
Authors: Song Jiayin ,   Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China, Zhao Yue , Chi Zhixiang , Ma Qiang , Yin Tianrui , Zhang Xiaopeng ,   Comba Telecom Systems (China) Limited, Guangzhou 510000, China
Published: September 2021

The height of standing trees is an important index in forestry research. This index is not only hard to measure directly but also the environmental factors increase the measurement difficulty. Therefore, the measurement of the height of standing trees is always a problem that experts and scholars are trying to improve. In this study, improve fuzzy c-means algorithm to reduce the calculation time and improve the clustering effect, used on this image segmentation technology, a highly robust non-contact measuring method for the height of standing trees was proposed which is based on a smartphone with a fisheye lens. While ensuring the measurement accuracy, the measurement stability is improved. This method is simple to operate, just need to take a picture of the standing tree and determine the shooting distance to complete the measurement. The purpose of the fisheye lens is to ensure that the tree remains intact in the photograph and to reduce the shooting distance. The results of different stability experiments show that the measurement error ranged from -0.196m to 0.195m, and the highest relative error of tree measurement was 3.05%, and the average relative error was 1.45%. Analysis shows that compared with previous research, this method performs better at all stages. The proposed approach can provide a new way to obtain tree height, which can be used to analyze growing status and change in contrast height because of high accuracy and permanent preservation of images.
À la recherche des jeunes filles
Authors: Setaro Marica
Published: September 2021

Cet essai a pour but de comprendre dans quelle mesure les sciences psy ont affecté la notion d’enfance et d’adolescence à partir de la fin du xixe siècle. L’objet de cette étude est la documentation clinique d’un asile italien qui commence à être saturé de « jeunesse anormale ». En adoptant une perspective de genre, nous avons essayé de comprendre comment les théories et les pratiques psychiatriques d’observation et de traitement des jeunes filles ont, d’un côté, défini les paramètres de normalité et de pathologie concernant l’enfance et, de l’autre côté, comment elles ont forgé la dimension comportementale et tout particulièrement la conduite sexuelle. L’examen d’un certain nombre de dossiers médicaux de jeunes femmes devient par conséquent un point d’observation privilégié pour comprendre comment l’institution de l’asile psychiatrique a rendu effectives les hypothèses psychiatriques du courant positiviste. Cet examen nous permet aussi d’analyser la constitution morale et sociale des sujets féminins qui ont vécu dans cet asile.
De Perray-Vaucluse à La Jemmerais
Authors: Klein Alexandre
Published: September 2021

Pendant les dix années qu’il passa, entre 1920 et 1930, à la tête de la colonie pour enfants arriérés de l’asile de Perray-Vaucluse, le psychiatre Théodore Simon (1873-1961) œuvra à renouveler les modalités de prise en charge de ses jeunes pensionnaires. S’inspirant des travaux psychopédagogiques réalisés au début du siècle avec son mentor le psychologue Alfred Binet (1857-1911), il imposa en particulier l’évaluation scolaire et psychologique régulière des enfants afin de déterminer tant leur capacité d’apprentissage que le rendement de la formation qui leur était offerte. Il développa ainsi un modèle original d’accompagnement des enfants anormaux organisé autour de la pédagogie expérimentale. Ce dernier inspira notamment l’organisation de la première institution pour anormaux éducables du Québec, l’École La Jemmerais ouverte en 1928 et dirigée par l’un de ses élèves, le psychiatre québécois Jean-Charles Miller (1898-1952). C’est sur l’histoire de ce modèle et de sa transmission transatlantique que cet article revient.
Adolie, bibliothèque numérique patrimoniale de l’École nationale de protection judiciaire de la jeunesse
Authors: Tricoche Nicolas
Published: September 2021

Lancée en 2018, mais retravaillée tout récemment aussi bien dans sa forme que dans son contenu, Adolie [https://www.adolie.enpjj.justice.fr/] est constituée, pour partie, de ressources de la bibliothèque de recherche de la médiathèque de l’École nationale de protection judiciaire de la jeunesse (ENPJJ) et pour partie, de documents ciblés issus des collections de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, avec qui l’École a passé une convention. Riche à l’heure actuelle de plus de 2600 documents, elle est organisée en six grands ensembles : Témoignages et entretiens, Photographies, Vidéos, Archives, Ouvrages, Revues. Les documents offerts à la curiosité des lecteurs sont donc de formes très diverses. On trouve sur Adolie des livres, des documents de littérature grise, des images d’archives, des films et des enregistrements audios. Surtout, le nombre de documents totalement inédits, introuvables ailleurs, y est particulièrement important. C’est le cas de la quasi-totalité des vidéos et des témoignages, de certaines revues ou certains bulletins n’ayant jamais fait l’objet d’un dépôt légal, des « archives » qui rassemblent une partie des écrits produits par le Centre de formation et de recherche de Vaucresson (CNFE). Elle permet, comme toute bibliothèque numérique, de consulter de chez soi des documents qui auraient sinon nécessité un déplacement à Roubaix ou au Rez-de-jardin de la Bibliothèque nationale (lequel est réservé aux chercheurs) comme, par exemple, la collection complète de la revue Rééducation.Nous avons demandé à Nicolas Tricoche, documentaliste à l’ENPJJ et l’un des principaux artisans de ce site, de nous en présenter la philosophie.
Excellence and Customer Delight in Services Marketing
Authors: Mandal Pratap Chandra
Published: September 2021

Innovation, differentiation, and e-adoption are imperative for companies to sustain in the competition. It is difficult to innovate and differentiate physical products. Service companies gain in importance because of higher scope of innovation and differentiation with the help of e-adoption. The importance of innovation in services, initiatives taken by service companies, and the roles of e-adoption and technology as enablers to achieve excellence and customer delight are discussed. The initiatives include a strategic orientation, commitment from the top management, maintaining high standards, having profit tiers, monitoring service performance, and prompt action on customer complaints. The study focuses on the differentiation incorporated in services, adoption of the internet, and the roles of the internet in the differentiation of services. The study discusses about those companies which excel in providing superior services and analyses the strategies adopted by them. Proper implementation and execution of strategies enable companies to delight customers and achieve excellence.
Toward an Ontology of Strategy in an Enterprise Context
Authors: Kemp Neil
Published: September 2021

What is meant by "strategy" and what concepts are involved in its creation are not well understood, and there is significant inconsistency in the way they are all used. It was hypothesised that current tools and techniques for ontology development and semantic analysis could be effectively applied to understand better what is meant by the term strategy and understand their nature and relationships. A literature review was conducted to identify how practitioners and academia view the subject, and the results organised using structured analysis. The result is a more complete, internally consistent view of the features of strategy definition. By applying structured analysis, the components and relationships used to form strategy and therefore the requisite structure of strategy in the enterprise context are uncovered. In this way, the specification that makes up a strategy is better understood using conceptual and systems dynamics models. In this way, the nature, and relationships necessary and sufficient to describe the multiple dimensions of strategy are exposed.
Activity Recognition From Smartphone Data Using WSVM-HMM Classification
Authors: Abidine M'hamed Bilal , Fergani Belkacem
Published: September 2021

A lot of real-life mobile sensing applications are becoming available nowadays. The traditional approach for activity recognition employs machine learning algorithms to learn from collected data from smartphpne and induce a model. The model generation is usually performed offline on a server system and later deployed to the phone for activity recognition. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid classification model to perform automatic recognition of activities using built-in embedded sensors present in smartphones. The proposed method uses a trick to classify the ongoing activity by combining Weighted Support Vector Machines (WSVM) model and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) model. The sensory inputs to the classifier are reduced with the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). We demonstrate how to train the hybrid approach in this setting, introduce an adaptive regularization parameter for WSVM approach, and illustrate how our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art on a large benchmark dataset.