bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Komunikasi Partisipatif Berbasis Gender pada Relawan Perempuan Juru Pemantau Jentik
Authors: Aunul Sofia , Riswandi Riswandi , Handayani Fitrie
Published: December 2021

Perempuan sebagai bagian dari masyarakat mempunyai partisipatif aktif dalam pembangunan seperti penentuan perencanaan pembangunan sampai pada proses evaluasi hasil dari partisipatif mereka dalam pembangunan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan yang dirasakan. Salah satu wujud implementasi tersebut adalah dengan menjadi Juru Pemantau Jentik (Jumantik). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui komunikasi partisipatif berbasis gender relawan Jumantik dalam kaitannya menjaga dan memberantas jentik nyamuk di lingkungan RW 09 Kelurahan Petukangan Utara Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan wawancara dan observasi untuk mendapatkan data. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa partisipatif perempuan dalam komunikasi partisipatif sebagai sukarelawan Jumantik merupakan kesadaran untuk dapat menjaga lingkungan mereka. Bentuk komunikasi partisipatif yang digunakan berdasarkan model multi-track—monologis, dialogis dan kombinasi.  Partisipasi perempuan dalam pengawasan lingkungan program Pemberatasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN) juga turut meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mereka yang pada akhirnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan tersebut tidak hanya mereka sendiri rasakan namun juga lingkungan masyarakat di mana mereka tinggal.
COLLABORATIVE LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL WORK PERFORMANCE IN COWORKING SPACES
Authors: Oswald Kolja , Zhao Xiaokang
Published: December 2021

Coworking spaces are becoming increasingly popular. Throughout literature, coworking spaces are commonly known as collaborative environments. Yet, there is a lack of research on the mechanisms of the collaborative practices within coworking spaces. This research identifies collaborative learning as a major collaborative practice within coworking spaces, and develops a conceptual framework including two other variables: individual motivation to learn and individual work performance. Exploratory factor analysis to establish the reliability and validity of this framework. Next, a survey study was conducted of 169 coworking space members and PLS-SEM was used to do a factor analysis and evaluate the structural model created. It is found that individual motivation to learn positively impacts collaborative learning, collaborative learning positively impacts individual work performance, and that collaborative learning acts as a full mediator between individual motivation to learn and individual work performance. These findings demonstrate how collaborative learning can be key in improving individual work performance in coworking spaces. Furthermore, these findings position collaborative learning as a theory that deserves further attention in coworking space research. These findings also suggest that coworking space operators may want to further encourage collaboration and incentivize learning in their space.
DOES BOARD USAGE OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS AFFECT INTERNATIONALIZATION PERFORMANCE OF SMES? A CASE OF LITHUANIA
Authors: Bužavaitė Monika , Korsakienė Renata
Published: December 2021

Internationalization of SMEs is encouraged by the advantages of new environmental conditions and appealing business opportunities, but remains a challenging process. Top management teams and more specifically board of directors appear to be a critical determinant in addressing internationalization issues. In recent years, investigation of boards in small firms’ context has been an interest of scholars, however few investigated characteristics of human capital. This study aims to investigate whether board usage of knowledge and skills is a mediator linking characteristics of human capital of board and internationalization performance of SMEs in Lithuania. The results revealed that usage of knowledge and skills mediates the relationships between international business skills and internationalization performance. Obtained results contribute to international entrepreneurship and upper-echelons theories by highlighting the role of the board in SMEs and linking it to higher internationalization performance through their usage of knowledge and skills. This study fills the research gap and extends the extant studies in internationalization of SMEs. First, the study responds to the need to investigate how board’s capital affect internationalization. Secondly, the study responds to the need to go beyond input-output models.
BIOSORPTION OF CU(II) IONS FROM INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS BY RICE HUSK: EXPERIMENT, STATISTICAL, AND ANN MODELING
Authors: Bar Nirjhar , Mitra Tania , Das Sudip Kumar
Published: December 2021

Heavy metal removal from wastewater is a significant research area and recommends sustainable development. The heavy metals cause harmful health effects, increase environmental toxicity. Adsorption is a very effective method for heavy metal removal. A fixed bed for Cu(II) removal using rice hush, an agricultural waste, is reported in this paper. The study was carried out to determine the breakthrough curves with varying operating variables like influent concentration (10–30 mg/L), flow rate (10–40 ml/min), and bed height (4–10 cm) at pH 6. The variation of the process variables like influent concentration, flow rate, and bed height were investigated. The experimental data shows that adsorption capacity increases with the rise of influent concentration. The maximum value of adsorption capacity is 10.93 mg/g at a flow rate of 10 ml/min, bed height 4 cm, and influent concentration 30 mg/L. The applicability of the MLR and ANN modeling has also been successfully carried out. ANN has better predictability than MLR. The findings revealed that rice husk could be used to treat copper-containing industrial effluents.
ROLE OF PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES IN COMBATING PEST INDUCED STRESS IN BRINJAL (SOLANUM MELONGENA L.)
Authors: Talukder Pratik , Dutta Debankita , Ghosh Elija , Bose Indrani , Bhattacharjee Sourish
Published: December 2021

Brinjal or eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is known as a vegetable of diet because it contains high moisture and low calorific value. It is also a good source of antioxidants and phytonutrients. Brinjal is widely grown in the South and South-East Asian countries and is the second most important vegetable in India. It belongs to the Solanaceae family. Shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) pest of brinjal is the most widespread one and it has the ability to affect any of the developmental stages of brinjal. Plants and their insect herbivores have had a long and intimate evolutionary association that has resulted in many complex interactions mediated by specialized plant metabolites like phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids, cyanogenic glycosides etc. Frequent and excessive use of insecticides has become a common practice now which only increases the probability of resistance development and resurgence of pest. Hence to develop an effective approach to combat this pest understanding of its feeding mechanism and chemistry of its interaction with the fruit is necessary. The importance of the secondary metabolites in the field of chemical biology and in pest management is discussed in this study.
Dynamic Alignment and Plasmoid Formation in Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence
Authors: Chernoglazov Alexander , Ripperda Bart , Philippov Alexander
Published: December 2021

We present high-resolution 2D and 3D simulations of magnetized decaying turbulence in relativistic, resistive magnetohydrodynamics. The simulations show dynamic formation of large-scale intermittent long-lived current sheets being disrupted into plasmoid chains by the tearing instability. These current sheets are locations of enhanced magnetic-field dissipation and heating of the plasma. We find magnetic energy spectra ∝k
−3/2, together with strongly pronounced dynamic alignment of Elsässer fields and of velocity and magnetic fields, for strong guide-field turbulence, whereas we retrieve spectra ∝k
−5/3 for the case of a weak guide-field.
Thermal Electrons in Mildly Relativistic Synchrotron Blast Waves
Authors: Margalit Ben , Quataert Eliot
Published: December 2021

Numerical models of collisionless shocks robustly predict an electron distribution composed of both thermal and nonthermal electrons. Here, we explore in detail the effect of thermal electrons on the emergent synchrotron emission from subrelativistic shocks. We present a complete “thermal + nonthermal” synchrotron model and derive properties of the resulting spectrum and light curves. Using these results, we delineate the relative importance of thermal and nonthermal electrons for subrelativistic shock-powered synchrotron transients. We find that thermal electrons are naturally expected to contribute significantly to the peak emission if the shock velocity is ≳0.2c, but would be mostly undetectable in nonrelativistic shocks. This helps explain the dichotomy between typical radio supernovae and the emerging class of “AT2018cow-like” events. The signpost of thermal electron synchrotron emission is a steep optically-thin spectral index and a ν
2 optically-thick spectrum. These spectral features are also predicted to correlate with a steep postpeak light-curve decline rate, broadly consistent with observed AT2018cow-like events. We expect that thermal electrons may be observable in other contexts where mildly relativistic shocks are present and briefly estimate this effect for gamma-ray burst afterglows and binary–neutron-star mergers. Our model can be used to fit spectra and light curves of events and accounts for both thermal and nonthermal electron populations with no additional physical degrees of freedom.
Convection Modeling of Pure-steam Atmospheres
Authors: Tan Xianyu , Lefèvre Maxence , Pierrehumbert Raymond T.
Published: December 2021

Condensable species are crucial to shaping planetary climate. A wide range of planetary climate systems involve understanding nondilute condensable substances and their influence on climate dynamics. There has been progress on large-scale dynamical effects and on 1D convection parameterization, but resolved 3D moist convection remains unexplored in nondilute conditions, though it can have a profound impact on temperature/humidity profiles and cloud structure. In this work, we tackle this problem for pure-steam atmospheres using three-dimensional, high-resolution numerical simulations of convection in postrunaway atmospheres. We show that the atmosphere is composed of two characteristic regions, an upper condensing region dominated by gravity waves and a lower noncondensing region characterized by convective overturning cells. Velocities in the condensing region are much smaller than those in the lower, noncondensing region, and the horizontal temperature variation is small. Condensation in the thermal photosphere is largely driven by radiative cooling and tends to be statistically homogeneous. Some condensation also happens deeper, near the boundary of the condensing region, due to triggering by gravity waves and convective penetrations and exhibits random patchiness. This qualitative structure is insensitive to varying model parameters, but quantitative details may differ. Our results confirm theoretical expectations that atmospheres close to the pure-steam limit do not have organized deep convective plumes in the condensing region. The generalized convective parameterization scheme discussed in Ding & Pierrehumbert is appropriate for handling the basic structure of atmospheres near the pure-steam limit but cannot capture gravity waves and their mixing which appear in 3D convection-resolving models.
Effectiveness of Aerator Ventures, Deposition with Magnets, Filtering, and Ion Exchange in One Unit against Reduction of Iron, Total Dissolved Solid, and Marine Well Water
Authors: Sudiarto Dwi , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Fajriansyah Fajriansyah
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: It is known the effectiveness of a venturi aerator, deposition with a sand filter magnet and ion exchange in one unit to reduce Fe content, total dissolved solid (TDS) and saltiness (CL content) in clean water, and the ability of ion exchange to reduce CL content is known.

AIM: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of venturi aerator, magnetic sedimentation, filtration, and ion exchange in one unit against Fe, TDS, and CL well water.

METHODS: The method used is a quasi-experimental method using aeration with a venturi system, deposition with magnets, filtration, and ion exchange. The population in this study was all water containing Fe and CL in the Darul Kamal sub-district, Aceh Besar. The sample in this study is part of the population following research needs.

RESULTS: The results showed an effect of a venturi aerator, deposition with magnets, filtering sea sand, anion, and cation resins in one unit to decrease Fe content and did not affect decreasing TDS content and Salinity. Moreover, a venturi aerator has an effect, deposition with magnets, filtering sea sand, anion, and cation resins in one unit on the decrease in Fe content, TDS, and salinity at deposition time of 24 h. Venturi aerator’s effect on Fe reduction does not affect TDS and CL of well water. There is an effect of venturi aerator and precipitation with magnets, in one unit on Fe reduction, and does not affect TDS and CL of well water. There is an effect of venturi aerator, precipitation with magnets, filtration in one unit on Fe reduction, no effect on TDS, and CL of well water.

CONCLUSION: This tool effectively reduces Fe content and effectively reduces Fe, TDS, and salinity at a 24 h deposition time.
Effectiveness of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Bovine Colostrum on Decreasing Tumor Necrosis Factor-Α Levels and Enhancement of Macrophages M2 in Remnant Liver
Authors: Endria Gunadi Ezra , Wisnu Prajoko Yan , Putra Agung
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bovine colostrum are potential therapies for the treatment of various degenerative and immune diseases.

AIM: This study aimed to analyze the effect of MSCs on levels of tumor necrosis factor-Α (TNF-α) and macrophages M2 in the liver fibrosis of Wistar rats after 50% resection.

METHODS: This study is a quasi-experimental post-test-only control group design to analyze the effect of giving bovine colostrum and MSCs to test animals on the process of regeneration of the remaining 50% liver with fibrosis. The study was conducted at the Stem Cell and Cancer Research Universitas Sultan Agung. The number of samples used was 40 male Wistar rats. The independent variables included MSC 1.000.0000 cells and bovine colostrum at a dose of 15 μL/g. Dependent variables used were macrophages M2 and levels of TNF-α ELISA.

RESULTS: TNF-α levels on day 3 were (p = 0.001), day 7 were (p = 0.01), and day 10 were (p = 0.01) in liver tissue in various study groups analyzed using ELISA on day three*. The results showed differences which were significant between the control and treatment groups (p < 0.05). The expression of CD163 marked brown in liver tissue had more expression than the control group.

CONCLUSION: The combination of MSCs and bovine colostrum can reduce TNF-α levels and significantly increase macrophages expression in the liver fibrosis of Wistar rats after 50% resection on the 3th, 7th, and 10th days.
Capturing dynamics of time-varying data via topology
Authors: Xian Lu , Adams Henry , Topaz Chad M. , Ziegelmeier Lori
Published: December 2021

One approach to understanding complex data is to study its shape through the lens of algebraic topology. While the early development of topological data analysis focused primarily on static data, in recent years, theoretical and applied studies have turned to data that varies in time. A time-varying collection of metric spaces as formed, for example, by a moving school of fish or flock of birds, can contain a vast amount of information. There is often a need to simplify or summarize the dynamic behavior. We provide an introduction to topological summaries of time-varying metric spaces including vineyards [19], crocker plots [55], and multiparameter rank functions [37]. We then introduce a new tool to summarize time-varying metric spaces: a crocker stack. Crocker stacks are convenient for visualization, amenable to machine learning, and satisfy a desirable continuity property which we prove. We demonstrate the utility of crocker stacks for a parameter identification task involving an influential model of biological aggregations [57]. Altogether, we aim to bring the broader applied mathematics community up-to-date on topological summaries of time-varying metric spaces.
Weighted proportional mean inactivity time model
Authors: Kayid Mohamed ,   Department of Statistics and Operations Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 1362, Saudi Arabia, Alrasheedi Adel
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a mean inactivity time frailty model is considered. Examples are given to calculate the mean inactivity time for several reputable survival models. The dependence structure between the population variable and the frailty variable is characterized. The classical weighted proportional mean inactivity time model is considered as a special case. We prove that several well-known stochastic orderings between two frailties are preserved for the response variables under the weighted proportional mean inactivity time model. We apply this model on a real data set and also perform a simulation study to examine the accuracy of the model.
Dynamics and optimal harvesting of a stochastic predator-prey system with regime switching, S-type distributed time delays and Lévy jumps
Authors: Shao Yuanfu ,   College of Science, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
Published: December 2021

This work is concerned with a stochastic predator-prey system with S-type distributed time delays, regime switching and Lévy jumps. By use of the stochastic differential comparison theory and some inequality techniques, we study the extinction and persistence in the mean for each species, asymptotic stability in distribution and the optimal harvesting effort of the model. Then we present some simulation examples to illustrate the theoretical results and explore the effects of regime switching, distributed time delays and Lévy jumps on the dynamical behaviors, respectively.
Runoff forecasting model based on variational mode decomposition and artificial neural networks
Authors: Jing Xin ,   State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Shaanxi 710048, China, Luo Jungang , Zhang Shangyao , Wei Na
Published: December 2021

Accurate runoff forecasting plays a vital role in water resource management. Therefore, various forecasting models have been proposed in the literature. Among them, the decomposition-based models have proved their superiority in runoff series forecasting. However, most of the models simulate each decomposition sub-signals separately without considering the potential correlation information. A neoteric hybrid runoff forecasting model based on variational mode decomposition (VMD), convolution neural networks (CNN), and long short-term memory (LSTM) called VMD-CNN-LSTM, is proposed to improve the runoff forecasting performance further. The two-dimensional matrix containing both the time delay and correlation information among sub-signals decomposing by VMD is firstly applied to the CNN. The feature of the input matrix is then extracted by CNN and delivered to LSTM with more potential information. The experiment performed on monthly runoff data investigated from Huaxian and Xianyang hydrological stations at Wei River, China, demonstrates the VMD-superiority of CNN-LSTM to the baseline models, and robustness and stability of the forecasting of the VMD-CNN-LSTM for different leading times.
El Dorado de Wanli: La embajada imperial a las Filipinas de 1603
Authors: Li Chenguang , Paniagua Pérez Jesús
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo, apoyándonos en las fuentes primarias tanto en español como en chino, intentamos recuperar aspectos cruciales de la embajada que el emperador Wanli, de la dinastía Ming, envió a las Filipinas para comprobar la existencia de yacimientos de oro en las cercanías de Cavite. Así, daremos un papel relevante tanto a los protagonistas como al proceso de un asunto que tenía una gran importancia para la economía china de la época y que marcó las tempranas relaciones entre los dos imperios en los inicios del siglo XVII.
Anochece en Santa Ana: microhistoria de un barangay filipino y su conexión con el mundo globalizado de la segunda mitad del siglo XVII
Authors: Herrera Reviriego José Miguel
Published: December 2021

La noche del 12 de marzo de 1670, un grupo de marineros que se dirigían al galeón de Manila San Diego asaltaron el barangay o poblado filipino de Santa Ana en busca de comida. Este hecho, aunque aislado y a simple vista sin gran transcendencia, nos permite vislumbrar ciertos aspectos de la vida del medio agrícola filipino. A partir de este caso, se aprecia cómo este pequeño poblado no era una pieza aislada del resto de globo, sino que se encontraba interconectado con diversas redes comerciales y culturales, siendo participe de la conocida como «primera globalización».
«Entre sustos y alegrías»: Noticias y rumores en las fronteras amazónicas durante la Guerra Fantástica (1762-1763)
Authors: Ibáñez-Bonillo Pablo
Published: December 2021

Este artículo analiza la circulación de noticias sobre la guerra entre España y Portugal en las fronteras amazónicas, enfatizando la intervención de los actores locales y su conexión con los acontecimientos globales. Se analizan para ello fuentes primarias de varios archivos iberoamericanos, estudiando el envío de órdenes reales desde las capitales imperiales; los circuitos comunicativos al interior de las provincias americanas; la circulación de gacetas y correspondencia privada, así como las prácticas comunicativas en las posiciones de vanguardia.
Pedro de Berástegui: la química, el tabaco y la contrainsurgencia al servicio de las reformas borbónicas en la provincia de Venezuela (1779-1784)
Authors: Cardozo-Uzcátegui Alejandro
Published: December 2021

Pedro de Berástegui representa una expresión particular de las reformas del imperio llevadas a cabo en la Capitanía General de Venezuela: es obediente y devoto con las autoridades de la Capitanía, leal y comprometido con las misiones encomendadas, fueran estas científicas o militares. Visto de esta forma, se dará cuenta de otra comprensión tanto de la capitanía general venezolana en esta época de reformas y disturbios como de los distintos intereses e ideales que guiaron a estos funcionarios borbónicos del dieciocho.
La masonería española y la abolición de la esclavitud en las Antillas durante el Sexenio Democrático: movilización y dinámica socio-cultural
Authors: Aguiar Bobet Valeria , De Paz Sánchez Manuel
Published: December 2021

El objetivo central de este ensayo es analizar la movilización social en la península ibérica contra la esclavitud en las Antillas españolas durante la etapa 1864-1874. Esta década se caracteriza, desde el punto de vista político e institucional, por dos hechos relevantes: la fundación de la Sociedad Abolicionista Española, y la revolución de septiembre de 1868 que dio lugar al Sexenio Democrático. Se analiza el papel que tuvo la masonería y algunos masones relevantes en la consecución de los objetivos abolicionistas, que contribuyeron al triunfo del ideal emancipador en Puerto Rico y a sentar las bases del proceso abolicionista en Cuba.
Defender el Estado: la militarización del sistema de orden público en el segundo bienio republicano, 1933-1936
Authors: Vaquero Martínez Sergio
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del siguiente artículo consiste en analizar la militarización del sistema de orden público durante el segundo bienio republicano. El corpus de fuentes consultadas incluye la Gaceta de Madrid, el Diario de las Sesiones de Cortes, memorias, revistas policiales, prensa histórica y documentación archivística. Se defiende que su evolución dependió básicamente de cinco factores: los discursos gubernamentales sobre el orden público y la cultura profesional de guardias civiles y policías; el aparato legal y organizativo de seguridad; la presión sobre el Gobierno de partidos políticos, organizaciones patronales, grandes terratenientes, periódicos nacionales, cuerpos policiales y el Ejército, destacando la conducta de los border parties y la del presidente de la República; las diferentes políticas de orden público; y el control policial de la protesta y los principales episodios de violencia política. Se concluye que la militarización no fue un fenómeno constante ni irreversible, sino que hubo dos procesos distintos: uno de militarización entre septiembre de 1933 y diciembre de 1935, que se aceleró en octubre de 1934 y se desaceleró en abril de 1935, y otro de desmilitarización hasta febrero de 1936. Esta alternancia fue originada por la dialéctica entre dos modelos específicos de orden público: uno contrarrevolucionario y otro liberal.
Tratamiento cinematográfico del Valle de los Caídos en NO-DO desde una perspectiva de análisis basada en su tratamiento simbólico
Authors: Naranjo Moraga Diego , Suárez-Álvarez Rebeca
Published: December 2021

La presente investigación estudia la presencia del Valle de los Caídos en el noticiario cinematográfico NO-DO en el periodo de tiempo comprendido desde 1943, fecha de la primera proyección del noticiario, hasta 1981, última proyección y desaparición de la entidad. Se analiza la significación simbólica del Valle de los Caídos y pretende ser una contribución a las investigaciones desarrolladas en torno al discurso y la retórica del régimen dictatorial sobre la apropiación simbólica de lugares emblemáticos usados como espacios de la memoria histórica. Examina el tratamiento informativo del monumento aplicando la metodología de investigación multimodal en la que convergen técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas que permiten conocer su valor, significado y evolución significativa. Su principal conclusión es que, si bien es cierto que el Valle de los Caídos se consolidó como la máxima expresión arquitectónica del franquismo, no obstante, NO-DO presenta un desfase alegórico, ideológico y estético que no coincide con la tendencia de expandir el poder con la propaganda o con la confianza en el protagonismo de las masas de los años 40 al inicio de su construcción.
Entre la neutralidad y la lealtad: el embajador Areilza y la Guerra de Argelia
Authors: Guerrero García Pablo
Published: December 2021

Este artículo de investigación aborda las gestiones diplomáticas al más alto nivel efectuadas en el transcurso de la última fase de la guerra de Argelia por José María de Areilza (1909-1998), quien se desempeñó como embajador de España en Francia entre 1960 y 1964. Apoyándose en documentos diplomáticos, primordialmente cartas e informes, así como en el testimonio retrospectivo de Areilza mismo, cuyo contenido se matiza a la luz de la documentación archivística consultada, el artículo expone cómo el embajador Areilza propugnó ante el Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores español, hasta abril de 1961, una política de equidistancia entre los partidarios y los detractores de la política argelina del presidente De Gaulle, un conflicto intestino que había dividido profundamente a la sociedad y al ejército franceses. Una vez fracasada la sublevación de los generales antigaullistas en Argel y pese a las simpatías que la causa de los golpistas despertaba en algunos sectores del régimen de Franco, Areilza planteará abiertamente la necesidad de colaborar estrechamente con el Gobierno francés a fin de obtener de este el respaldo a la solicitud española de asociación al Mercado Común.
Víctimas de Defensa Interior. La violencia anarquista contra la dictadura y sus consecuencias (1962-1965)
Authors: Fernández Soldevilla Gaizka
Published: December 2021

En 1962 el movimiento libertario español creó Defensa Interior, un organismo que empleó la violencia para intentar acabar tanto con la dictadura de Francisco Franco como con la vida del propio dictador. Esta organización cometió atentados terroristas en España y ciertos puntos de Europa entre 1962 y 1963, aunque sobre el papel su historia se prolongó hasta 1965. El saldo de sus bombas fue una persona muerta y 35 heridas. En este artículo se arroja luz sobre la vida de quienes sufrieron la violencia de Defensa Interior. Así, la biografía de su única víctima mortal nos sirve para ilustrar tanto su fracaso como las consecuencias de su estrategia.
Remote Laboratory, Based on Raspberry Pi, to Facilitate Scientific Experimentation for Secondary School Students
Authors: Zárate-Moedano Ramón , Canchola-Magdaleno Sandra Luz , Arrington-Báez Alejandro Asvin
Published: December 2021

The pandemic caused by COVID 19 forced education systems to offer their services remotely due to social distancing policies. This article discusses research results on the development of remote laboratory architectures to deliver scientific experimentation in the area of physics for secondary school students using desktop computers or mobile devices.The design of the remote laboratory is based on the Raspberry Pi device, using various sensors and a graphical interface through which access and communication is given.The purpose of the development of this remote laboratory is to provide teachers and students of secondary education access to the development of remote activities for scientific experimentation in physics courses, using low-cost devices and free software.
Justification of using Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Bodnar Petro , Bodnar Yaroslav , Bodnar Tetiana , Bodnar Liudmyla , Hvalyboha Dymytriy
Published: December 2021

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition, occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein and pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a blood clot gets lodged in an artery in the lung, affecting blood flow to part of the lung.The frequencies of using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is increasing day by day.Both the technics are noninvasive and provide prompt results. But there are a good number of alternative technics for the same purposes. That is why, till now scholars and respective professionals are interested to know more about the justification and comparative effectiveness of CT and MRI in detecting DVT and PE.This review aimed to analyze the history of several detecting methods for DVT and PE and to dig out the clear concepts about the effectiveness and patient compliances of CT and MRI in detecting deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. For proper analysis a lot of research as well as meta-analysis had been studied.From this article besides scholars and professionals, general readers will get a clear concept about the features, effectiveness and justifications of CT and MRI in treating DVT and PE.
Avaliação dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial a partir das Crenças dos seus Usuários
Authors: Melo Cynthia de Freitas , Ferreira Marina Pinheiro Accyoly , Rabelo Carla Andressa dos Santos , Costa Icaro Moreira
Published: December 2021

O Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) foi criado como serviço substitutivo aos hospitais psiquiátricos e funciona como protagonista da operacionalização dos princípios da reforma psiquiátrica no Brasil. Sob ameaça de ações anti-reforma, ele necessita de constante avaliação, para o aprimoramento do serviço e consequente aumento da adesão terapêutica e qualidade da clínica em sua dimensão ampla, incorporando demandas sociais, econômicas e políticas. Em resposta a essa demanda, objetivou-se avaliar as condições operacionais e o serviço dos CAPS a partir das crenças de seus usuários. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, que contou com a participação de 11 usuários do CAPS, que responderam uma entrevista semiestruturada, cujo dados foram analisados com auxílio do software IRaMuTeQ. Os resultados mostraram que os usuários possuem crenças que geram avaliações negativas sobre a disponibilidade de recursos humanos e materiais, e infraestrutura física. Em contrapartida, existem crenças positivas sobre a qualidade do trabalho dos profissionais, acessibilidade ao serviço e as atividades desenvolvidas. Conclui-se que o CAPS oferece atendimento de qualidade, mas que possui condições operacionais que necessitam de maior investimento e reestruturação.
Comparação entre Tipos de Behavioral Skills Training para Capacitação de Estagiárias de Psicologia
Authors: Matos Daniel Carvalho de , Nascimento João Victor dos Santos , Ávila Elyoneida Maria de Moraes , Matos Pollianna Galvão Soares de
Published: December 2021

O Behavioral Skills Training (BST) é utilizado na capacitação de profissionais, pais ou outros cuidadores e universitários para ensino de habilidades em aprendizes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Compreende: 1) instruções sobre princípios de Análise do Comportamento Aplicada (ABA) para o ensino de repertórios; 2) modelação (demonstração de comportamentos que devem ser emitidos durante o ensino); 3) ensaio comportamental com um confederado e 4) feedback de desempenho. O objetivo foi comparar a aplicação de dois tipos de BST (um com um componente de modelação ao vivo/presencial e, o outro, com um componente de modelação com vídeos) quanto a sua eficiência para a formação de seis estagiárias de graduação em Psicologia. Cada caso foi definido para melhorar a precisão no ensino de duas duplas de repertórios a um confederado, que simulava comportamentos de um aprendiz com TEA. A diferença entre os dois BST foi apenas em relação ao componente de modelação. Ambos produziram melhora na precisão do ensino de repertórios pelas estagiárias, e foram eficientes em uma medida semelhante, demandando poucos encontros para capacitação. Os dados foram discutidos considerando a importância de uma formação adequada para profissionais que possam colaborar no futuro com orientação de pais, e outros cuidadores, no manejo comportamental de seus familiares com TEA, tanto de forma presencial como remota (importante em tempos de pandemia do COVID-19).
Application of Awake Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Pediatric Acute Fulminant Myocarditis: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Zhao Zhe , Li Lele , Liu Yingyue , Yang Baowang , Zhang Huiling , Hong Xiaoyang , Feng Zhichun
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used for treating myocarditis for years. To extubate and be awake have been proven to be useful in adult patients supported with ECMO, especially for long-term pulmonary support. However, the role of awake ECMO remains still unclear in pediatric patients with acute fulminant myocarditis (AFM).

Objectives:

The objective is to summarize the application of awake ECMO during the treatment of pediatric AFM.

Methods:

Seven patients with AFM received ECMO from October 2018 to March 2020 in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital. During the process, the patients were extubated and supported with awake ECMO. Retrospective analysis of basic characteristics, clinical vital signs, outcomes, and parameters of ECMO was carried out.

Results:

All the patients received venoarterial mode ECMO during the treatment, and awake ECMO was implemented after the patients were stable. During the period, all the patients were fed with enteral nutrition. The respiratory and circulatory conditions were improved during the awake ECMO. Finally, all the patients successfully weaned from ECMO and survived to discharge from hospital.

Conclusion:

It is possible for pediatric ECMO-supported patients with AFM to extubation and keep awake. The choice of patients, close monitoring during process, and good coordination are key factors for the successful implementation of awake ECMO.
Response Corridors for Blunt Impacts to the Back
Authors: Parenteau Chantal S , Viano David C , Hardy Warren N
Published: December 2021

Corridors for the biofidelity of blunt impact to the back are important for sled and crash testing with Anthropomorphic Test Devices (ATDs). The Hybrid III is used in rear sled tests as part of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) 202a. The only corridor for biofidelity is the neck extension. Eight Post Mortem Human Subjects (PMHS) were subjected to 20 blunt impacts with a 15.2 cm (6 in.) diameter pendulum weighing 23.4 kg. The impact was below T1 at 4.5 m/s and 6.7 m/s and below T6 at 4.5 m/s centered on the back. Head, neck, and chest responses were reported in 2001 [8]. In this study, the responses were scaled to the 50th male Hybrid III, and corridors were determined defining biofidelity for blunt impacts to the back. The scaled data gives an average peak force of 3.44 kN ± 0.74 kN at T1 and 4.5 m/s, 5.08 kN ± 1.35 kN at T1 and 6.7 ms, and 3.4 kN ± 1.2 kN at T6 and 4.5 m/s. The corresponding scaled deflection was 44.0 ± 19.7 mm, 60.2 ± 21.2 mm, and 53.1 ± 16.5 mm. The average stiffness of the back was 1.21 kN/cm at T1 and 4.5 m/s, 1.17 kN/cm at T1 and 6.7 m/s, and 1.14 kN/cm at T6 and 4.5 m/s. The corridors help to define biofidelity and can be used to assess the performance of the Hybrid III, Biofidelic Rear Impact Dummy (BioRID) II, and other ATDs.
Survey-Based Accident Analysis for Human-Powered Three-Wheeled Vehicles
Authors:   Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Germany, Wilhelm Toni , Dorsch Volker ,   Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Germany, Gauterin Frank
Published: December 2021

The causes of accidents involving nonconventional bicycle types have hardly been investigated in the literature to date. However, these vehicles could play an important role in reducing the CO2 emissions generated by traffic. As a basis for improving the driving safety of these environmentally friendly vehicles, this article presents the results of a survey on accidents and near-accidents of multitrack bicycle vehicles. More than 120 critical or accident situations of 86 drivers were analyzed. The situations are investigated with respect to the circumstances, the causes, and the consequences of the accidents using manual analysis and multiple correspondence analysis. A distinction is made between single accidents and accidents with another party. The aim of the survey is not to make statistically accurate statements on the frequency and probability of accidents, but rather to analyze the accident or near-accident circumstances. It is shown that the causes of single accidents are usually too high cornering velocities in combination with other factors such as road conditions. In the case of accidents with external involvement, the person who caused the accident is usually the other party involved. The accident opponent is in most cases a passenger car. Here the overlooking of the vehicles is the most frequent cause of accidents. Finally, possibilities to reduce the probability of accidents are briefly discussed for the different situations. As the research shows, most of the situations described occur on the road. This indicates that there are deficits in the bicycle infrastructure for the vehicles considered here. The results also indicate that there are deficits with regard to the perceptibility of the vehicles by other road users.
Analysis of the Interprofessional Clinical Learning Environment for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety From Perspectives of Interprofessional Teams
Authors: Cheng Mike K.W. , Collins Sally , Baron Robert B. , Boscardin Christy K.
Published: December 2021

Background

In 2018 the Clinical Learning Environment Review (CLER) Program reported that quality improvement and patient safety (QIPS) programs in graduate medical education (GME) were largely unsuccessful in their efforts to transfer QI knowledge and substantive interprofessional QIPS experiences to residents, and CLER 2.0 called for improvement. However, little is known about how to improve the interprofessional clinical learning environment (IP-CLE) for QIPS in GME.

Objective

To determine the current state of the IP-CLE for QIPS at our institution with a focus on factors affecting the IP-CLE and resident integration into interprofessional QIPS teams.

Methods

We interviewed an interprofessional group of residents, faculty, and staff of key units engaged in IP QIPS activities. We performed thematic analysis through general inductive approach using template analysis methods on transcripts.

Results

Twenty individuals from 6 units participated. Participants defined learning on interprofessional QIPS teams as learning from and about each other's roles through collaboration for improvement, which occurs naturally when patients are the focus, or experiential teamwork within QIPS projects. Resident integration into these teams had various benefits (learning about other professions, effective project dissemination), barriers (difficult rotations or program structure, inappropriate assumptions), and facilitators (institutional support structures, promotion of QIPS culture, patient adverse events). There were various benefits (strengthened relationships, lowered bar for further collaboration), barriers (limited time, poor communication), and facilitators (structured meetings, educational culture) to a positive IP-CLE for QIPS.

Conclusions

Cultural factors prominently affected the IP-CLE and patient unforeseen events were valuable triggers for IP QIPS learning opportunities.
Resident Well-Being Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Blanchard Anita K. , Podczerwinski Jeremy , Twiss Megham Freytag , Norcott Candice , Lee Royce , Pincavage Amber T.
Published: December 2021

Background

Preliminary studies reveal challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic to the well-being of health care workers. Little is known about the effects of the pandemic on the well-being of graduate medical education (GME) residents or about protective factors and post-traumatic growth. Through deeper examination of resident well-being during this unique crisis, we can identify trends and associated lessons to apply broadly to resident well-being.

Objective

To characterize resident burnout, resilience, and loneliness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

All residents in any specialty at a single institution were anonymously surveyed semiannually for 2 years (2019–2020), including the time period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Surveys included demographics, the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the UCLA Loneliness Scale.

Results

Overall response rates were 53% (508 of 964) in spring 2019, 55% (538 of 982) in fall 2019, 51% (498 of 984) in spring 2020, and 57% (563 of 985) in fall 2020. The overall rates of burnout were stable across all time periods and did not change during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among frontline residents, burnout rates were higher than other resident populations in both the pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic time periods. Resilience and loneliness measures were similar for frontline and non-frontline residents and remained stable during the pandemic.

Conclusions

Initial data from this single institution survey of all GME residents in the first 8 months of the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated burnout and loneliness did not increase and resilience was preserved.
The Polarities of Tax Competition
Authors: Habimana Pie
Published: December 2021

Tax competition is a topic that is often discussed in the forums of international tax lawyers. Not only lawyers but also economists, politicians, and other scientists discuss tax competition topics. One of the elements that characterize such discussions is the polarity of the key aspects of tax competition. Such polarities are the focus of this article, which pulls together disparate discussions on tax competition polarities. This article adds to the existing knowledge some key elements to consider while studying this field. In that context, this article claims that the study of tax competition should not be done in a one-way approach, rather in a two-way approach.
Clinical effect of astragaloside IV on breast carcinoma cells based on MDR1: A randomised trial
Authors: Chen Liangdong , Zhuo Deqiang , Yuan Hongyin
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To study the clinical effect of astragaloside IV on breast carcinoma cells (BCCs), and its potential mechanisms with respect to multiple drug resistance-1 (MDR1)Methods: The cytotoxicity of astragaloside IV to BCCs was determined using CCK-8 test, and values of its half inhibitory concentration (IC50) were determined. Transwell assay and flow cytometry were performed to determine the effect of astragaloside (13 μg/mL) on cell invasion and apoptosis. The contents of MDR1 mRNA in BC tissues and cells were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), while the protein expression levels of MDR1 in BC cells were determined using western blot assay.Results: The IC50 of astragaloside IV for MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 BCCs were 12.57 μg/mL and 13.91 μg/mL, respectively. Transwell experiment showed significantly inhibited invasive capacity and enhanced apoptotic potential of the BCCs after astragaloside IV intervention. However, invasive capacities of the BCCs were markedly enhanced, while their apoptotic capacities were inhibited after transfection with si-MDR1, when compared with controls (p < 0.05). Results of qRT-PCR revealed that the mRNA content of MDR1 in BC tissues and cells (0.42±0.11) was significantly lower than that in normal tissues (0.95±0.18; p < 0.05). Results from western blot assay revealed that the relative expression levels of MDR1 protein were decreased, with values of 0.21±0.05, 0.32±0.07 and 0.74±0.15 for MCF-10A, MCF-7, MAD-MB-231 and MCF-10A, respectively (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Astragaloside IV regulates the metastasis and apoptosis of BCCs through regulation of MDR1. It also inhibits cell invasion but enhances the apoptosis of BC cells transfected with si-MDR1. These results highlight the prospects of the compound for the treatment of BC.
Effects of Sargassum plagiophyllum extract pretreatment on tissue histology of constipated mice
Authors: Sengkhim Rattanaporn , Peerakietkhajorn Saranya , Jeanmard Nilobon , Pongparadon Supattra , Khuituan Pissared , Thitiphatphuvanon Thanvarin , Surinlert Piyaporn , Tipbunjong Chittipong
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the toxicity of the dried seaweed, Sargassum plagiophyllum, extract (SPE) pretreatment in constipated mice.Methods: The dried seaweed powder was mixed with distilled water and extracted by autoclave at 121°C. Antioxidant activity of the extract was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Human normal colon cells were pretreated with SPE at 0 - 100 μg/mL for 24 h before challenging them with 100 μM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified using 2',7'- dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA). Male ICR mice were pretreated for 14 consecutive days with SPE at 100, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg or lactulose at 500 mg/kg. Body weight and food intake were recorded daily. Constipation was induced with loperamide on days 12, 13 and 14 and fecal pellets evacuated over a 4-hr period. The ileum, liver, kidney, and spleen were collected for histopathological examination.Results: The IC50 for the radical scavenging capacity of SPE was 343.90 ± 4.21 μg/mL compared to 14.14 ± 0.71 μg/mL for ascorbic acid. Pretreatment with SPE was significantly reduced ROS production in human normal colon cells. Oral administration of all doses of SPE and lactulose for 14 consecutive days had no effect on food intake or body weight when compared to the normal control group. Defecation was significantly more frequent in mice pretreated with SPE at 100 mg/kg than in the constipation control group. Histopathological examination of the ileum, liver, kidney and spleen of pretreated constipated mice revealed no toxic effect from either SPE or lactulose. On the other hand, the loss of mucus-producing cells in the ileum of constipated mice was significantly lower in mice pretreated with SPE.Conclusions: These findings support the safety of SPE supplementation and may broaden itsapplication in clinical fields as an alternative drug or supplement for constipation management.