bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Size at first maturity on the mussel Mytilus platensis d'Orbigny, 1842 at the Southwest Atlantic
Authors: Yuvero M.C. , Torroglosa M.E. , Lomovasky B.J. , Giménez J.
Published: November 2023

The size at first maturity of the bivalve Mytilus platensis d'Orbigny, 1842 was estimated in the intertidal population of Villa Gesell (37°15′S; 56°57′W), Buenos Aires, Argentina. We hypothesize a variation in population maturity associated with shell length (SL) and differences between females and males. Individuals were analyzed histologically, sexed (females and males), and classified as mature and immature. We carried out a kernel density estimation to allow us to visualize the distribution of the classifications based on the SL and used a generalized linear model to study the size at first sexual maturity for the population and between sexes. Our results showed immature specimens with reduced development in acini and expanded connective tissue. Mature males and females showed the acini expanded and filled with vitellogenic oocytes and spermatozoa, respectively. The size at first sexual maturity at which 50% of the population was mature (SL50) was 11.80 mm SL for all population, while SL50 was 11.42 mm in females and 10.83 mm in males. We determined significant interaction between SL and sex ( P < 0.05). We conclude that the knowledge of the reproductive aspects in intertidal populations is essential for the development of a potential fishing resource.
PRODUCTIVITY AND THE GAINS FROM TAKEOVERS IN CHINA: THE ROLE OF OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND INSTITUTIONS
Authors: TAM LEWIS H. K. , TIAN SHAOHUA , HUANG BAIBING , HOI KA MAN
Published: November 2023

This paper examines the extent that takeovers of large, non-listed target firms create value in China. The baseline result shows that an average target’s productivity improves and output increases after being acquired. Further evidence shows that the bidder’s and target’s ownership structure, economic development of the target’s location and the bidder CEO’s foreign experience all affect the target’s post-takeover productivity. Our study sheds light on the merger and acquisition (M&A) literature in China that mainly focuses on the performance of bidders. It also has significant implications for the Chinese government to further reform and restructure its remaining state-owned assets.
Adiabatic expansion, local equilibrium and extended Maxwell distribution for fire-ball to describe multiple particle production
Authors: Ohsawa Akinori
Published: November 2023

We propose a model for multiple particle production of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] collisions at high energies. Most of the processes in the model are reasonable physically and/or with reasoning. A fire-ball of a gas, made of grains, is created in the collision and makes an adiabatic and approximately one-dimensional expansion along the collision axis. The fire-ball at the final state, when the grains are free in the fire-ball, is divided into several domains and the thermal equilibrium is realized in each of the domains with different temperatures. Each grain produces several hadrons at the final state. There are two processes of the grains without and with [Formula: see text] (transverse momentum), and the cross-section of the latter process increases with the incident energy. The grains in the domain at the final state obey the extended Maxwell distributions of the temperature [Formula: see text], and the hadrons in each grain do that of the temperature [Formula: see text]. The values of the adjustable parameters are determined empirically in such a way as to reproduce the data of [Formula: see text] distributions and the rapidity density distributions at various incident energies. The model describes both distributions well at the incident energy of [Formula: see text] to 7000[Formula: see text]GeV. The local equilibrium in each domain and the adiabatic expansion describe the flat plateau and the shrinkage of the forward region, respectively, of the rapidity density distribution. Another important conclusion is that a simple hydro-dynamical model does not describe the flat plateau of the rapidity density distribution of produced hadrons at high energies.
QCD vacuum and baryon masses
Authors: Mazur Igor A. , Kim Youngman , Harada Masayasu , Lee Hyun Kyu
Published: November 2023

To study a possible role of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) vacuum in nuclear and hadron physics, we evaluate a physical quantity in a candidate of the QCD vacuum. In this study, we adopt the Copenhagen (spaghetti) picture of the QCD vacuum and calculate the ground state baryon masses in a constituent quark model. We find that the calculated baryon mass does depend on a parameter that characterizes the Copenhagen picture of the QCD vacuum and satisfies the Gell-Mann–Okubo mass relation for the baryon octet. We also observe that the effective constituent quark mass defined in this study contains a contribution attributed to the Copenhagen vacuum, that is the gluon background field. We then estimate the value of the background gluon field as a function of the up (down) constituent quark mass by using the baryon masses as inputs.
Magnetic Modulation of the Piezoelectric Polyvinylidene Fluoride Film Energy Harvester for Noncontact Dynamic Characteristics Control
Authors: Du Qianzheng , Wang Xi , Liu Shuo , Wang Tao , Fu Guoqiang , Mao Xianyin , Lu Caijiang
Published: November 2023

This paper aims to improve the performance of the piezoelectric buckled beam under low vibration environment using the noncontact magnetic modulation method. Based on the bi-stable buckling beam structure, the magnetic force is introduced to capture more energy. In order to investigate the influence of magnetic force in the process of vibration, the dynamic response of the harvester is analyzed under different magnetic force through numerical simulation and experiment. It is found that the magnetic force has a softening effect on the structure, namely, it could reduce the stiffness of the buckled beam. Therefore, the energy harvester could realize large-amplitude vibration under low-amplitude or low-frequency vibration with the help of magnetic force. The experimental results show that the harvester can realize inter-well vibration only when the vibration acceleration is 3.5[Formula: see text]g and the frequency is 15[Formula: see text]Hz without the magnetic force. The harvester only needs 2.5[Formula: see text]g acceleration or 10[Formula: see text]Hz vibration frequency to realize the large-amplitude vibration. While in the case of 12[Formula: see text]mm magnetic gap. After the magnetic force is introduced in the harvester, the voltage output under 2.5[Formula: see text]g acceleration is increased from 1 to 4[Formula: see text]V, and the voltage output at 10[Formula: see text]Hz vibration frequency is increased from 0.2 to 2[Formula: see text]V. Therefore, the proposed magnetically tuned bi-stable energy harvester can better operate in low frequency and low amplitude environments.
Analysis of Reduction Effectiveness and Design of Locally Resonant Metamaterial Barriers for Train Vibration
Authors: Zheng Haizhong , Miao Linchang , Xiao Peng , Lei Kaiyun , Wang Qian
Published: November 2023

Train vibrations are the primary concern in environmental engineering and civil engineering. It is significantly imperative to find new methods for reducing and isolating vibrations. The locally resonant metamaterials (LRMs) propose a novel method and concept for reducing train vibration. However, the accurate and quick design structures of LRMs based on vibration characteristics are still an issue. Thus, this study presents a novel inverse design model of three-component locally resonant metamaterial barriers (LRMBs) for vibration reduction based on deep learning. The bandgap characteristics and vibration modes of the LRMB are investigated by using the improved plane wave expansion (IPWE) and finite element method (FEM). Besides, the gradient-combined LRMBs are proposed based on time–frequency features of measured vibration caused by trains and the novel inverse design model, and a two-dimensional finite element model coupling with infinite element boundaries is established to study the reduction efficiency of the gradient-combined LRMBs. And the performances of different LRMBs are fully analyzed in time and frequency domains. The results show that the novel inverse design model can be successfully used to design the LRMB based on vibration features. Moreover, the gradient-combined LRMBs have better isolation performance.
Experimental Study and Seismic Design of Swing Story-Lateral Force Resisting Structural System
Authors: Xiang Ping , Liu Yiqing , Li Wang , Thibout Ladislas , Jia Liang-Jiu
Published: November 2023

A seismic vibration control system, consisting of a swing story substructure, a lateral force resisting substructure and connecting dampers, is recently proposed. The analytical model and optimization method based on the stability maximization and H2 criteria have been established. In this paper, excellent vibration control effects of the proposed system are verified through the small-scale shaking table tests on a two-story model. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of the analytical model and the validity of the vibration control strategy. Through numerical analyses of benchmark structures, the input energy of the optimally designed system is remarkably mitigated, and favorable vibration control effects for reducing both inter-story drifts and absolute floor accelerations under earthquake ground motions are verified by comparing with conventional moment-resisting frame structures. In addition, significant control effects can be achieved when the optimal stiffness is greater than the critical buckling stiffness. A seismic design flow chart of the intensity-reduced design method is proposed based on the numerical analyses and the Chinese Seismic Design Code of Buildings. The results indicate that the seismic intensity-reduced design for the proposed system is feasible.
Novel solitary wave solutions to the fractional new (3+1)-dimensional Mikhailov–Novikov–Wang equation
Authors: Gençyiğit Mehmet , Şenol Mehmet , Kurt Ali , Tasbozan Orkun
Published: November 2023

This paper addresses the new [Formula: see text]-dimensional Mikhailov–Novikov–Wang (MNW) equation with arbitrary order derivative and presents novel exact solutions of it by implementing [Formula: see text]-expansion, modified Kudryashov, generalized [Formula: see text]-expansion, and modified extended tanh-function methods. This equation emphasizes significant connection between the integrability and water waves’ phenomena. Employing the conformable derivative definition, a variety of soliton (bright, dark, anti-kink) solutions of the model are obtained. Therefore, it would appear that these approaches might yield noteworthy results in producing the exact solutions to the fractional differential equations in a wide range. In addition, 2D, 3D, and contour plots of the solutions are drawn for specific values to demonstrate the physical behaviors of the solutions.
GREEN FINANCE: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE STUDIES
Authors: PALMACCIO MATTEO , GALEONE GRAZIANA , SHINI MATILDA , CAMPOBASSO FRANCESCO
Published: November 2023

The research consists of a systematic literature review (SLR) emphasizing scholars’ views on the topic of green finance. Seeking to provide a deep understanding of the state of the art, the paper aims to draft implications and insights to address future research. Studies on green finance are investigated using the Scopus database as a source to get access to the dataset. The methodological approach is inspired by Kraus et al. (2020) in order “to identify, choose and critically appraise relevant pieces of research, and to generate collective insights of knowledge from past research” (Loureiro et al. 2019).
IMPACTS OF MARINE CLOUD BRIGHTENING ON MAJOR METROPOLISES IN THE ARID ARAB REGION
Authors: WANG JINGRONG , ZHU YUANZHUO
Published: November 2023

Climatic extreme events will occur more frequently, which will seriously threaten the life safety of residents in arid and semi-arid areas. Cairo, Algiers and Dubai are located at the crossroads of the global climate pattern. Climatic extreme events will seriously threaten the lives of local residents. Therefore, it is of great value to study the impact of the Marine Cloud Brightening (MCB) scheme on these metropolises. Based on the HadGEM2-ES model simulations of the MCB scheme, we used six climatic extreme indices, the hottest days (TXx), the coolest nights (TNn), the warm spell duration (WSDI), the cold spell duration (CSDI), the consecutive dry days (CDD) and wettest consecutive five days (RX5day), to analyze the impact of MCB schemes on the extreme climate in Cairo, Algiers and Dubai in this study. Compared with an RCP4.5 scenario, the implementation of the MCB scheme from 2030 to 2059 would increase the mean annual RX5day index in Cairo by 1.98mm, decrease the average annual WSDI index in Algiers by 26 days and decrease the average annual WSDI index in Dubai by 70 days. The implementation of the MCB scheme is of great significance to mitigate climatic extreme events in Cairo, Algiers and Dubai.
A Survey of Cross-Lingual Text Classification and Its Applications on Fake News Detection
Authors: Lan Liang , Huang Tao , Li Yupeng , Song Yunya
Published: November 2023

Cross-lingual text classification is a challenging task in natural language processing. The objective is to build accurate text classification models for low-resource languages by transferring the knowledge learned from high-resource languages. The task has been studied since 2003 and has attracted significantly growing attention in the last decade due to the success of deep learning models in natural language processing. Many new methods have been proposed to address the challenges in cross-lingual text classification. Meanwhile, cross-lingual fake news detection is one of the most important applications of cross-lingual text classification. It has already created significant social impacts on alleviating the infodemic problem in low-resource languages. The research works on cross-lingual text classification and cross-lingual fake news detection have been growing rapidly in recent years. Therefore, a comprehensive survey is imperative to summarize existing algorithms for cross-lingual text classification and explain the connections among them. This paper systematically reviews research works on cross-lingual text classifications and their applications in cross-lingual fake news detection. We categorize the evolution of cross-lingual text classification methods into four phases: (1) Traditional text classification models with translation; (2) Cross-lingual word embedding-based methods, (3) Pretraining then finetuning-based methods, and (4) Pretraining then prompting-based methods. We first discuss and analyze the representative methods in each phase in detail. Second, we provide a detailed review of their applications in the emerging fake news detection problem. Finally, we explore the potential issues of this open problem and also discuss possible future directions.
Multi-Layer Perceptron Classifier with the Proposed Combined Feature Vector of 3D CNN Features and Lung Radiomics Features for COPD Stage Classification
Authors: Yang Yingjian , Zeng Nanrong , Chen Ziran , Li Wei , Guo Yingwei , Wang Shicong , Duan Wenxin , Liu Yang , Chen Rongchang , Kang Yan
Published: November 2023

Computed tomography (CT) has been regarded as the most effective modality for characterizing and quantifying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, chest CT images should provide more information for COPD diagnosis, such as COPD stage classification. This paper proposes a features combination strategy by concatenating three-dimension (3D) CNN features and lung radiomics features for COPD stage classification based on the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier. First, 465 sets of chest HRCT images are automatically segmented by a trained ResU-Net, obtaining the lung images with the Hounsfield unit. Second, the 3D CNN features are extracted from the lung region images based on a truncated transfer learning strategy. Then, the lung radiomics features are extracted from the lung region images by PyRadiomics. Third, the MLP classifier with the best classification performance is determined by the 3D CNN features and the lung radiomics features. Finally, the proposed combined feature vector is used to improve the MLP classifier’s performance. The results show that compared with CNN models and other ML classifiers, the MLP classifier with the best classification performance is determined. The MLP classifier with the proposed combined feature vector has achieved accuracy, mean precision, mean recall, mean F1-score, and AUC of 0.879, 0.879, 0.879, 0.875, and 0.971, respectively. Compared to the MLP classifier with the 3D CNN features selected by Lasso, our method based on the MLP classifier has improved the classification performance by 5.8% (accuracy), 5.3% (mean precision), 5.8% (mean recall), 5.4% (mean F1-score), and 2.5% (AUC). Compared to the MLP classifier with lung radiomics features selected by Lasso, our method based on the MLP classifier has improved the classification performance by 5.0% (accuracy), 5.1% (mean precision), 5.0% (mean recall), 5.1% (mean F1-score), and 2.1% (AUC). Therefore, it is concluded that our method is effective in improving the classification performance for COPD stage classification.
Efficient Electro-Oxidation of 2-Propanol at Platinum- and Gold-Modified Palladium Nanocatalysts
Authors: Ayman Kareem , Asal Yaser M. , Mohammad Ahmad M. , Al-Akraa Islam M.
Published: November 2023

This study aims at investigating the catalytic performance of Pd, Pd/Pt, and Pd/Au nanocatalysts toward the 2-propanol electro-oxidation reaction (2POR) in an alkaline medium. The catalyst components (Pd, Pt, and Au) were sequentially electrodeposited onto the glassy carbon (GC) electrode surface and further characterized using electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry (CV)) and materials (field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX)) characterization methods. The Pd/Au/GC catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity in terms of the highest oxidation current (0.386 mA) and the highest stability in terms of the highest obtained current after 1800 s of continuous electrolysis. This behaviour was attributed to the enhancement in the charge transfer kinetics where the Pd/Au/GC catalysts acquired the lowest charge transfer resistance (Rct, 1.85 kΩ) during the 2POR.
Jia-Wei-Kai-Xin-San Treatment Alleviated Mild Cognitive Impairment through Anti-Inflammatory and Antiapoptotic Mechanisms in SAMP8 Mice
Authors: Zhang Xiaolu , Sun Yingxin , Yu Qun , Zeng Wenyun , Zhang Yue , Zeng Miao , Pang Kexin , Yu Yifei , Gan Jiali , Li Huhu , Yang Lin , Jiang Xijuan
Published: November 2023

Background. Alleviating mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is crucial to delay the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Jia-Wei-Kai-Xin-San (JWKXS) is applied for treating AD with MCI. However, the mechanism of JWKXS in the treatment of MCI is unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of JWKXS in SAMP8 mice models of MCI. Methods. MCI models were established to examine learning and memory ability and explore the pathomechanisms in brain of SAMP8 mice at 4, 6, and 8 months. The mice were treated for 8 weeks and the effects of JWKXS on MCI were characterized through Morris water maze and HE/Nissl’s/immunohistochemical staining. Its mechanism was predicted by the combination of UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and system pharmacology analysis, further verified with SAMP8 mice, BV2 microglial cells, and PC12 cells. Results. It was found that 4-month-old SAMP8 mice exhibited MCI. Two months of JWKXS treatment improved the learning and memory ability, alleviated the hippocampal tissue and neuron damage. Through network pharmacology, four key signaling pathways were found to be involved in treatment of MCI by JWKXS, including TLR4/NF-κB pathway, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that JWKXS attenuated neuroinflammation by inhibiting microglia activation, suppressing TLR4/NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways, and blocking the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways leading to neuronal apoptosis suppression in the hippocampus. Conclusion. JWKXS treatment improved the learning and memory ability and conferred neuroprotective effects against MCI by inducing anti-inflammation and antiapoptosis. Limitations. The small sample size and short duration of the intervention limit in-depth investigation of the mechanisms. Future Prospects. This provides a direction for further clarification of the anti-AD mechanism, and provides certain data support for the formulation to move toward clinical practice.
Barriers and Enablers to Weight Management Programmes for Working Men: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Broughton Matthew , Lymn Joanne S. , Redsell Sarah A.
Published: November 2023

Gender-sensitised weight management programmes have been developed to encourage more men to access support. Whilst these programmes have proved successful for some groups of men, they are not a panacea, and the views of men who have never attended any form of structured weight management programme remain unknown. The aim of this research was to explore the views of such men towards body weight, health, and weight management programmes. Participants were recruited purposefully at their place of work. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 adult men with a BMI > 25 who worked in routine manual occupations and had no previous experience of attending a weight management programme. Interviews were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach. Interview findings were developed into five themes: “the indestructible breadwinner,” “avoidance of feminine behaviour,” “the body conscious man,” “being one of the lads,” and “doctor knows best.” The findings suggest that these men have high levels of body consciousness, value guidance from GPs, have high levels of agency towards lifestyle choices, and wish to preserve their masculinity. The study identified various factors that help explain low participation in weight management programmes for men and potential ways to improve access. Future interventions should include gender sensitisation of resources and providing men with the opportunity to follow self-directed weight management programmes to increase participation. Individual and population-level interventions to address weight management that includes the perceived and actual needs of men working in routine manual occupations are urgently needed to address health inequalities.
TABLE 3 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis of PFS and OS in patients with AVPC who received systemic therapy without local therapy
TABLE 1 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with AVPC
Supplementary Table 5 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Overview of Published and Ongoing Clinical Studies of Patients with AVPC.
Supplementary Table 4 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Clinical Characteristics of AVPC Patients, Stratified by Systemic Therapy with or without Local Therapy
Supplementary Table 3 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Copy Number Variants Detected in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA for Each AVPC Patient.
Supplementary Figure 8 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Comparison between STPH cohort of patients with AVPC and patients from Aparicio et al and Corn et al studies. (A) Clinical characteristics. (B) Genomic alterations involving the tumor suppressor genes TP53, RB1 or PTEN.
Supplementary Figure 7 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Comparing Survival Outcomes in AVPC Subgroups: Additional Platinum-Based Chemo vs. Docetaxel-Only. Survival outcomes of PFS (A) and OS (B) for additional Platinum-based chemotherapy or Docetaxel only in the AVPC subgroups without any alteration involving the tumor suppressor genes TP53, RB1, or PTEN. Survival outcomes of PFS (C) and OS (D) for additional Platinum-based chemotherapy or Docetaxel only in the AVPC subgroups with low concentration of ctDNA (ctDNA% < 13.5%).
Supplementary Figure 6 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Ability of alterations affecting signaling pathways in progressive tumor tissue or matched ctDNA to predict OS of patients with AVPC.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Ability of alterations affecting signaling pathways in progressive tumor tissue or matched ctDNA to predict PFS of patients with AVPC.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Assessing ctDNA% Predictive Ability for High Positive Concordance. Receiver operating characteristic curve to assess the ability of ctDNA% to predict high positive concordance when ctDNA% was treated as (A) a continuous variable or (B) binary variable, with the cut-off (13.5%) defined by the Youden index.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Supplementary Figure 1. Characteristics of the study cohort at the patient level. (A) The presence of diagnostic criteria for AVPC in each patient. Criteria have been described in Materials and Methods. (B) Deleterious genomic alterations. (C) Treatment method. (D) Changes in PSA after treatment. (E) PFS and OS after treatment. #, truncated; *, level of PSA could not be evaluated.
FIGURE 4 from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

AVPC patient survival outcomes with additional platinum-based chemotherapy or docetaxel only based on TP53/RB1/PTEN alterations and high ctDNA%. PFS (A) and OS (B) of patients with AVPC who underwent additional platinum-based chemotherapy or docetaxel only, PFS (C) and OS (D) of patients with AVPC with TP53/RB1/PTEN alterations stratified of additional platinum-based chemotherapy or docetaxel only, and PFS (E) and OS (F) with high ctDNA% (≥13.5%) stratified of additional platinum-based chemotherapy or docetaxel only.
Data from Concordance and Clinical Significance of Genomic Alterations in Progressive Tumor Tissue and Matched Circulating Tumor DNA in Aggressive-variant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruiliang , Xu Qiufan , Guo Hanxu , Yang Guanjie , Zhang Jun , Wang Hong , Xu Tianyuan , Guo Changcheng , Yuan Jing , He Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Fu Hongliang , Xu Guang , Zhao Binghui , Xie Jun , Zhao Tingting , Huang Longfei , Zhang Jiansheng , Peng Bo , Yao Xudong , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sequencing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a minimally invasive approach to reveal the genomic alterations of cancer; however, its comparison with sequencing of tumor tissue has not been well documented in real-world patients with aggressive-variant prostate cancer (AVPC). Concordance of genomic alterations was assessed between progressive tumor tissue and matched ctDNA by next-generation sequencing for 63 patients with AVPC. Associations of genomic alterations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were investigated using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. A total of 161 somatic mutations (SMs) and 84 copy-number variants (CNVs) were detected in tumors, of which 97 were also found in ctDNA, giving concordance of 39.6% (97/245) across all SMs and CNVs, 49.7% for SMs only and 20.2% for CNVs only. Across all patients with AVPC, chemotherapy was associated with significantly longer median PFS (6 vs. 0.75 months, P = 0.001) and OS (11 vs. 8 months, P < 0.001) than next-generation hormonal therapy (NHT). Among types of chemotherapy, additional platinum-based chemotherapy was associated with significantly longer median PFS and OS than docetaxel only in patients with TP53, RB1, or PTEN alterations, and in those with ctDNA% ≥ 13.5%. The concordance analysis first provides evidence for combining the sequencing of ctDNA and tumor tissue in real-world patients with AVPC. Chemotherapy is associated with significantly better survival than NHT, and the benefit of additional platinum-based chemotherapy may depend on the presence of alterations in TP53, RB1, or PTEN and on a sufficiently high proportion of ctDNA in patients with AVPC.
Significance:
AVPC is a highly malignant and heterogeneous disease. Sequencing of ctDNA is a minimally invasive approach to reveal genomic alterations. On the basis of the current real-world study, we found ctDNA does not fully recapitulate the landscape of genomic alterations from progressive tumor tissue in AVPC. We also revealed AVPC can benefit from chemotherapy, especially platinum-based regimens. TP53/RB1/PTEN alterations in ctDNA or tumor tissue could be biomarkers for platinum-based chemotherapy in this setting.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Release miR-378a-5p-Carried Extracellular Vesicles to Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Zhang Yaqin , Jiao Ziying , Wang Shanshan
Published: November 2023

This study investigates whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can affect rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by delivering microRNA (miR)-378a-5p to regulate the interferon regulatory factor 1/signal transducer and transcription 1 (IRF1/STAT1) axis. We identified RA-associated miRNAs using the GEO microarray dataset GSE121894. We found the most important miRNAs in RA synovial tissues using RT-qPCR. BMSC-derived EVs were ultracentrifuged and cocultured with human synovial microvascular endothelial cells (HSMECs) in vitro. Dual-luciferase and RNA immunoprecipitation studies examined miR-378a-5p’s specific binding to IRF1. We also measured angiogenesis, migration, and proliferation using CCK-8, Transwell, and tube formation assays. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice models were created by inducing arthritis and scoring it. RA synovial tissues had low miR-378a-5p expression, whereas BMSC-derived EVs had high levels. The transfer of miR-378a-5p by BMSC-derived EVs to HSMECs boosted proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. miR-378a-5p inhibited IRF1. MiR-378a-5p-containing BMSC-derived EVs decreased STAT1 phosphorylation and HSMEC IRF1 expression. EVs with miR-378a-5p mimic promoted HSMEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, whereas dexmedetomidine inhibited STAT1 phosphorylation. In CIA mice, BMSC-derived EVs containing miR-378a-5p enhanced synovial vascular remodeling and histopathology. Thus, miR-378a-5p from BMSC-derived EVs promotes HSMEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, inactivating the IRF1/STAT1 axis and preventing RA.
ENSO Disrupts Boreal Winter CRE Feedback
Authors: Jin Daeho , Kramer Ryan J. , Oreopoulos Lazaros , Lee Dongmin
Published: November 2023

Twenty years of satellite-based cloud and radiation observations allow us to examine the observed cloud radiative effect (CRE) feedback (i.e., CRE change per unit change in global mean surface temperature). By employing a decomposition method to separate the contribution of “internal changes” and “relative-frequency-of-occurrence (RFO) changes” of distinct cloud regime (CR) groups, notable seasonal contrasts of CRE feedback characteristics emerge. Boreal winter CRE feedback is dominated by the positive shortwave CRE (SWCRE) feedback of oceanic low-thick clouds, due to their decreasing RFO as temperature rises. This signal is most likely due to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity. When ENSO signals are excluded, boreal winter CRE feedback becomes qualitatively similar to the boreal summer feedback, where several CR groups contribute to the total CRE feedback more evenly. Most CR groups’ CRE feedbacks largely come from changing RFO (e.g., the predominant transition from oceanic cumulus to broken clouds and more occurrences of higher convective clouds with warming temperature). At the same time, low-thick and broken clouds experience optical thinning and decreasing cloud fraction, and these features are more prominent in boreal summer than winter. Overall, the seasonally asymmetric patterns of CRE feedback, primarily due to ENSO, introduce complexity in assessments of CRE feedback.
The Impact of Charge-Neutral Atmospheric Propagation Path on the Altimetry Performance of Interferometric Radar Altimeter
Authors: Su Fanwei , Wang Yunhua , Bai Yining , Sun Daozhong , Chen Ge , Ma Chunyong , Zhang Yanmin , Jiang Wenzheng
Published: November 2023

The interferometric radar altimeter (IRA) is an innovative remote sensing sensor that enables the observation of mesoscale and submesoscale (meso–submesoscale) ocean dynamic phenomena. The charge-neutral atmosphere introduces path delay and bending in signal propagation. In this study, three types of sea surface height (SSH) errors caused by charge-neutral atmosphere propagation path for IRA were identified: differential delay error (DDE), path delay error (PDE), and path bending error (PBE). Among them, DDE exhibits a proportionality to the negative zenith neutral delay (ZND) and demonstrates a significant increase with the incident angle; PDE is solely reliant on the ZND; PBE is like DDE in trend and magnitude resembling a ramp. Intriguingly, PBE exhibits insensitivity to variations in the charge-neutral atmosphere, behaving more like a systematic error. Theoretically, PBE leads to an increase in the SSH error of about 1.2 cm at far range for SWOT. The ZND spectrum fitted from the Jason-3 zenith delay correction data is additionally utilized to simulate the spatial distribution of ZND anomaly within the SWOT observation swaths. Then, the impact of PDE anomaly (PDEA), PBE, and DDE anomaly (DDEA) on the observation performance of SWOT is also considered in conjunction with SSH data provided by HYCOM. The findings indicate that both PDEA and PBE significantly reduce IRA’s performance in oceanic phenomena, while the impact of DDEA can be disregarded. The PBE can distort the sea surface trend and increases the mean sea level within the range, requiring further attention.

Significance Statement

This paper focuses on how the signal path affects the accuracy of measuring sea surface height (SSH) using the interferometric radar altimeter (IRA) in the charge-neutral atmosphere. The present paper defines three types of SSH errors caused by propagation path to IRA, namely, differential delay error (DDE), path delay error (PDE), and path bending error (PBE). Three types of SSH errors will make a significant impact on the altimetry performance of IRA. Among them, PDE spatial anomaly and PBE will reduce the expected observation performance of the meso–submesoscale ocean phenomena in IRA’s swath, while PBE has not received enough attention in previous studies. Therefore, the research will provide a theoretical basis for IRA to correct the above SSH errors.
Press Releases, Politics, and Gendered Language Frames: An Analysis of Governor Michelle Lujan Grisham During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Osei Fordjour Nana Kwame
Published: November 2023

This study takes a case study approach to conduct a frame analysis of the press releases sent out by the Governor of New Mexico, Michelle Lujan Grisham, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study argues that the governor saliently employed feminine language frames in her press releases while using masculine language frames sparingly in a feminine way, which I attribute to the context of the pandemic as well as the culture of her state. The findings are relevant considering the changing political climate and the then-novel nature of the pandemic. I also discuss the broader implications of the results on health crisis communication.
Phenotype and function of smooth muscle cells derived from the human normal great saphenous vein in response to hypoxia
Authors: Chu Haibo , Qin Yanyan , Qiu Tianzhen , Zhou Shunchang , Na Zhang , Sun Yanping , Xu Yongbo , Zhong Yuxu
Published: November 2023

Objective

The contribution of hypoxia to the pathophysiology of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has not yet been fully elucidated. This study evaluated the effect of hypoxia on the phenotype and function of SMCs derived from the human normal great saphenous veins (NGSVs).

Methods

Fifteen NGSV tissue samples were collected. SMCs were isolated and cultured. Proliferation, migration, adhesion, senescence, and the structure of cytoskeletal filaments in SMCs were observed. mRNA and protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1, and TIMP-2 was detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting in the cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and the control groups.

Results

A decrease in the number of cytoskeletal filaments was observed. mRNA and protein expression of Bas and caspase-3 was significantly decreased, while the quantity of proliferation, migration, adhesion, senescence, and mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in SMCs in the CoCl2 group were significantly increased compared with the control group.

Conclusion

Under hypoxic conditions, the phenotype and function of SMCs derived from the human NGSVs were dysregulated, suggesting that VSMCs switch from the contractile phenotype to the secretory or synthetic phenotype, and more dedifferentiate, resulting in extracellular matrix deposition and apoptotic decrease through the intrinsic pathway.
The Invisible Frontline: Experiences of Spousal Caregivers During COVID-19
Authors: Mauldin Laura , Defelice Carlie
Published: November 2023

Spousal caregivers are a largely invisible population of unpaid long-term care providers in the United States. This paper examines their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic by drawing on data from 96 virtual and phone interviews with 44 spousal caregivers cohabitating with an ill partner across 22 states between June and December 2020. Findings show caregivers 1) adjusted care practices related to food and supply deliveries, socializing online, and infection control; 2) experienced impacts on care, including the loss of home health aides and reduced outpatient care; and 3) experienced emotional distress due to isolation, increased care demands, and resulting heightened anxiety and stress. These findings indicate specific types of ongoing resources caregivers may continue to need as the pandemic wanes, such as access to online support, a more robust infrastructure for food delivery, and planning for an increased projected shortage of home health aides.
Investigation on active vibration control to improve surface quality in precision milling process
Authors: Guo Miaoxian , Xia Wanliang , Liu Jin , Guo Weicheng , Wu Chongjun
Published: November 2023

The tool-workpiece vibration in the precision milling process plays a pivotal role in influencing the surface quality. To solve the machining problem coming with the process vibration, the active vibration control model as well as the corresponding platform are developed, and the active vibration control algorithms are applied to reduce the relative vibrations and improve the surface quality. Firstly, the milling vibration reduction and surface quality improvement are modeled based on the active control algorithms and the system dynamic characteristics. Then, applying the different algorithm control strategies, such as PID, Fuzzy PID, BP neural network, and BP neural network PID control, the control effect is simulated and analyzed. Finally, an experimental platform is established to validate the system’s reliability. The efficiency of various active control methods is compared in terms of frequency vibration control and surface finish roughness improvement. The results indicate that under different milling parameters, the four algorithm control strategies exhibit optimal effects of 13.5%, 30.4%, 28.8%, and 40.1% respectively. These findings provide valuable insights into selecting the optimal vibration control method for precision milling.
Joint loss learning-enabled semi-supervised autoencoder for bearing fault diagnosis under limited labeled vibration signals
Authors: Liang Mingxuan , Zhou Kai
Published: November 2023

Rolling bearing is a critical component of machinery that has been widely applied in manufacturing, transportation, aerospace, and power and energy industries. The timely and accurate bearing fault detection thus is of vital importance. Computational data-driven deep learning has recently become a prevailing approach for bearing fault detection. Despite the progress of the deep learning approach, the deep learning performance is hinged upon the size of labeled data, the acquisition of which is expensive in actual implementation. Unlabeled data, on the other hand, are inexpensive. In this research, we develop a new semi-supervised learning method built upon the autoencoder to fully utilize a large amount of unlabeled data together with limited labeled data to enhance fault detection performance. Compared with the state-of-the-art semi-supervised learning methods, this proposed method can be more conveniently implemented with fewer hyperparameters to be tuned. In this method, a joint loss is established to account for the effects of labeled and unlabeled data, which is subsequently used to direct the backpropagation training. Systematic case studies using the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) rolling bearing dataset are carried out, in which the effectiveness of this new method is verified by comparing it with other well-established baseline methods. Specifically, nearly all emulation runs using the proposed methodology can lead to around 2%–5% accuracy increase, indicating its robustness in performance enhancement.
The Neurobiology of Trauma: Developing a Decision Aid for the Care of Persons After Sexual Assault
Authors: Mathews Phyllis A , Blyer Kristina
Published: November 2023

The care of the person who has been sexually assaulted is challenging because of the neurobiology of trauma, susceptibility to re-victimization, and time constraints. Everyone involved with their care needs to be cognizant of the psychological-physiological phenomena of trauma in order to provide sensitive, high-quality care to these individuals. The neurobiology of trauma explains why the person's memory may be fragmented or impaired. Trauma-informed care offers choices and empowerment to the person along with safety, cultural awareness, trust, and collaboration. Shared decision making empowers the person by educating them on their care choices in collaboration with the health-care provider. This article discusses the development of a decision aid that supports the information used in shared decision making, for use in planning the care for a person who has been sexually assaulted. Based on the understanding of the neurobiology of trauma, the decision aid incorporates a written tool that provides education and information to prepare the person to make care/treatment decisions which are important to them, within a trauma-informed environment.