bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Transcendentals and the Divine Names in Thomas Aquinas
Authors: Carl Brian T. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2018

Interpreters of Aquinas tend to posit a seamless transition from knowledge of the transcendentals in the abstract to naming God as one, true, and good. Some even suggest that the convertibility of the transcendentals with being implies the unity, truth, and goodness of esse divinum. Others hold simply that the meaning and order of these divine names is founded upon the meaning of the transcendentals. This study: (1) explains why Aquinas avoids “transcendental arguments” for these divine names; (2) argues that truth and goodness, as divine names, are derived not only from the transcendental meanings of these terms but also from specific perfections: namely, truth of intellect and moral goodness; (3) shows that the order of these divine names in the two Summae (being, good, one, true) better reflects the order of the transcendentals as received perfections than their more familiar order in the abstract (being, one, true, good).
Being and Appearing
Authors: Benjamin Andrew ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2018

The article examines Hannah Arendt’s contribution to the development of a philosophical anthropology that takes relationality as its point of departure. The relations in question are to ‘others’ and to ‘place.’ The first part of the article argues that while relationality has to be understood as a descriptive of human being, the possibility of coming into relation—in Arendt’s terms ‘appearing’—needs to be understood as the actualization of a potentiality. While the potentiality has a necessary existence, its actualization is inherently contingent. It is the problem of potentiality as that which demands actualization that, while fundamental to Arendt’s project, she fails to take up. The second part of the article traces the presence of this limit in Arendt’s thought through her engagement with Heidegger in her text What is Existential Philosophy?
Gouverner par des « coups de pouce » (nudges) : instrumentaliser nos biais cognitifs au lieu de légiférer ?
Authors: Flückiger Alexandre
Published: March 2018

En visant la partie inconsciente et émotionnelle de notre esprit, les sciences affectives et comportementales ont démontré la possibilité d’orienter nos actions sans recourir à la contrainte. Dans ces conditions, la tentation était vive de chercher à exploiter les résultats de telles recherches pour gouverner nos conduites au lieu de légiférer. Par d’habiles « coups de pouce » (nudges), l’État devient ainsi l’architecte de nos choix (choice architect), chargé de créer un environnement incitant, à notre insu, à obéir comme il le souhaite. En d’autres termes, donner un « coup de pouce » revient à créer un environnement comportemental incitateur (choice architecture) offrant un contexte propice à l’adoption d’un comportement déterminé sans contrainte apparente.

Un tel mécanisme présente l’indéniable intérêt de contribuer à mettre en oeuvre les lois et les politiques publiques de manière plus souple. L’incitation doit en effet être préférée à la coercition si la première se révèle suffisamment efficace. Pourtant, la création d’environnements comportementaux incitateurs est un moyen possiblement très intrusif, susceptible de court-circuiter notre libre arbitre. Il reviendra donc aux autorités de ne retenir que ceux d’entre eux dont la nature n’est pas manipulatoire. Fondés sur une base légale, visant un intérêt public, proportionnés, conformes à la bonne foi, transparents et non discriminatoires, ces environnements ont en revanche toute leur place dans la panoplie d’un État de droit.
L’impact des normes de la Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade sur la protection des forêts de l’Afrique centrale : étude à partir du cas du Cameroun
Authors: Soh Fogno Denis Roger
Published: March 2018

En privilégiant la signature des Accords de Partenariat Volontaires (APV) individuels avec la plupart des pays producteurs de bois de l’Afrique centrale, l’Union européenne et les pays signataires affichent leur volonté de lancer une croisade contre l’exploitation illégale du bois et assurent, de manière à peine déguisée, la mainmise de l’Union sur le bois exploité dans ces pays. L’application effective de ces APV est récente, certes. Toutefois, jusqu’ici, leur impact sur la protection des forêts de l’Afrique centrale en général et sur celles du Cameroun en particulier reste mitigé au regard de la quantité de bois illégalement exploité qui continue d’y circuler. Cette persistance de l’exploitation illégale du bois peut se justifier par la présence pernicieuse de la pauvreté dans la plupart des pays producteurs de bois de l’Afrique centrale, laquelle est parfois maladroitement avancée pour justifier la corruption endémique dans ces États. Le bois ainsi illégalement exploité ne profite guère aux couches vulnérables de la population, mais engraisse une poignée de fonctionnaires aigrefins, situés parfois jusqu’au sommet de l’administration civile et policière. Alors, si l’impact des normes de la Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) sur la protection des forêts de l’Afrique centrale est perceptible du fait de leur application mitigée, cet impact reste perfectible par l’élargissement du champ matériel et territorial d’application de ces normes, la lutte contre la pauvreté et la corruption, etc.
ZOONOZNI PATOGENI IZ ANIMALNOG OTPADA KAO FAKTOR RIZIKA ZA JAVNO ZDRAVLJE
Authors: Plavša N. , Košarčić S. , Stojanović D. , Kovačević Z. , Cincović M. , Toholj B. , Stevančević M.
Published: March 2018

Upravljanje animalnim otpadom iz stočarske proizvodnje prehrambene industrijezahteva bezbedna, ekonomski opravdana i praktična rešenja, koje su usaglašenasa propisima EU. Prema direktivi EC br. 177
ХИРУРШКИ ТРЕТМАН ЗАПЕТЉАЈА ЦРИЈЕВА КОД ПСА
Authors: Параш Г. , Параш С. , Витковић О. , Лукач Б. , Вујиновић О. , Чегар И. , Баника М. , Комленић И.
Published: March 2018

Запетљај цријева (volvulus intestini) је тешко, чак и смртоносно обољење.Запетљај цријева је стање дигестивног тракта када се један дио цријева ротираоко своје осе. Интересантно је да се обољење чешће јавља код крупнијих расапаса. У етиологији запетљаја цријева, осим расне предиспозиције, важну улогуимају и старост, начин исхране и темперамент пса.У раду је приказан хируршки третман запетљаја цријева код пса расе њемач-ки овчар, стар девет година. Симптоми који су несумњиво указивали на овообољење били су типични за запетљај цријева. Дијагноза је постављена на ос-нову клиничког, хируршког и ултразвучног прегледа пса. Након успјешног хи-руршког захвата, ресекције промијењеног сегмента цријева, опоравак и посто-перативни ток је протекао примјеном одговарајуће медикаментозне терапије,инфузионом надокнадом течности, коригованом исхраном, као и обавезномедукацијом власника о тежини обољења, могућим компликацијама и даљим на-чином поступања са пацијентом.
Examining ways to enhance active transportation and the impact on commuters' health, wellbeing and sustainable development
Authors: Papageorgiou George , Balamou Eudokia , Efstathiadou Theophano , Xergia Sofia , Maimaris Athanasios
Published: March 2018

Active transportation and physical activity is a major remedy to health-related problems in our society. According to the World Health Organization, the lack of physical activity is one of the leading risk factors for global mortality as well as health problems such as diabetes, cardiovascular complications and other diseases that are threatening public health. To reduce the health risks of physical inactivity, active transportation, and in general physical activity have recently gained great interest in our modern societies. This paper investigates the main factors that enhance active transportation and the impact on commuters’ health, wellbeing and urban sustainability. As a result, a theoretical framework is developed that explores the relevant variables that influence commuter’s willingness for active mobility.
Trait-based approach on deep-sea corals in the high-seas of the Flemish Cap and Flemish Pass (northwest Atlantic)
Authors: García-Alegre Ana , Murillo Francisco J , Sacau Mar , Kenchington Ellen , Serrano Alberto , Durán Muñoz Pablo
Published: March 2018

Deep-sea coral aggregations represent important ecosystems in the Flemish Cap, where some areas have been closed to bottom fisheries by the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization in order to implement conservation and management measures and prevent significant adverse impacts on Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs). Flemish Cap is an offshore Bank located about 600 km to the east of Newfoundland, separated from the Grand Banks by the Flemish Pass, a channel approximately 1200 m deep. 40 taxa of corals were identified in the area from bottom trawl research vessel surveys (2006-2015) and rock dredges (2009-2010). They included 22 Alcyonacea, 11 Pennatulacea, 3 Antipatharia and 4 Scleractinia. Corals identified were classified according to their biological traits in an attempt to better understand their function in the ecosystem. This study analyzes which biological traits were useful to classify corals in the Flemish Cap and Flemish Pass prioritizing traits where information is available and that capture variation for a range of biological or ecological processes. This study represents a baseline classification, quantifying trait variation among species, for further studies such as habitat suitability models or impact studies from trawl fisheries and oil and gas exploitation, which represent the main potential human activities in the area.
Characterization of the basic helix–loop–helix gene family and its tissue-differential expression in response to salt stress in poplar
Authors: Zhao Kai , Li Shuxuan , Yao Wenjing , Zhou Boru , Li Renhua , Jiang Tingbo
Published: March 2018

The basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factor gene family is one of the largest gene families and extensively involved in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, limited studies are available on the gene family in poplar. In this study, we focused on 202 bHLH genes, exploring their DNA and protein sequences and physicochemical properties. According to their protein sequence similarities, we classified the genes into 25 groups with specific motif structures. In order to explore their expressions, we performed gene expression profiling using RNA-Seq and identified 19 genes that display tissue-differential expression patterns without treatment. Furthermore, we also performed gene expression profiling under salt stress. We found 74 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which are responsive to the treatment. A total of 18 of the 19 genes correspond well to the DEGs. We validated the results using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR. This study lays the foundation for future studies on gene cloning, transgenes, and biological mechanisms.
Assessing soil bacterial community and dynamics by integrated high-throughput absolute abundance quantification
Authors: Lou Jun , Yang Li , Wang Haizhen , Wu Laosheng , Xu Jianming
Published: March 2018

Microbial ecological studies have been remarkably promoted by the high-throughput sequencing approach with explosive information of taxonomy and relative abundance. However, relative abundance does not reflect the quantity of the microbial community and the inter-sample differences among taxa. In this study, we refined and applied an integrated high-throughput absolute abundance quantification (iHAAQ) method to better characterize soil quantitative bacterial community through combining the relative abundance (by high-throughput sequencing) and total bacterial quantities (by quantitative PCR). The proposed iHAAQ method was validated by an internal reference strain EDL933 and a laboratory strain WG5. Application of the iHAAQ method to a soil phenanthrene biodegradation study showed that for some bacterial taxa, the changes of relative and absolute abundances were coincident, while for others the changes were opposite. With the addition of a microbial activity inhibitor (NaN3), the absolute abundances of soil bacterial taxa, including several dominant genera of Bacillus, Flavobacterium, and Paenibacillus, decreased significantly, but their relative abundances increased after 28 days of incubation. We conclude that the iHAAQ method can offer more comprehensive information to reflect the dynamics of soil bacterial community with both relative and absolute abundances than the relative abundance from high-throughput sequencing alone.
State Policies Regulating Law Enforcement Access to Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Testosterone Prescription Data
Authors: McCreedy Katie , von der Heydt Jule , Chauhan Aanchalika , Shah Rajvi , Kang Sunyou , Platt Elizabeth , Beletsky Leo
Published: October 2024

This study identifies state policies authorizing law enforcement access to prescription drug monitoring program data and discusses the characteristics of those policies, particularly in states with laws banning gender-affirming care.
Sustainable Grease Lubrication Induced by Graphene Oxide and LiFePO4
Authors: Zambrano Dario F. , González Jessica Gutiérrez , Castillo Cristian , Henríquez Javier Marqués , Parra‐Muñoz Nicole , Urzúa Julio I. , Rosenkranz Andreas
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the possibility of modifying lubricating greases by 2D graphene oxide (GO) and lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) to enhance their tribological performance. GO's layered structure plays a crucial role in reducing friction by facilitating easy sliding between rubbing surfaces, making it an effective solid lubricant. The impact of these additives on friction reduction, wear resistance, and the tribolayer formation ability is evaluated by ball‐on‐disc tribometry with an emphasis on durability and sustainability. Comparative results reveal that unmodified greases exhibit a high susceptibility to wear, including oxide formation and severe plastic deformation. In contrast, greases with GO show a notable reduction in friction, while the addition of LiFePO4 contributes to the formation of a continuous protective layer that substantially reduces abrasive wear. The combination of GO and LiFePO4 results in a homogeneous, durable tribofilm that effectively protects surfaces against severe wear providing long‐term friction stability. Although lab‐scale LiFePO4 is used, the findings suggest a great potential for extending the useful life of recycled LiFePO4 from lithium‐ion batteries, similar to commercial LiFePO4 thus confirming significant improvements in the grease performance but also highlighting the potential to advance toward more sustainable solutions in industrial applications and electric vehicles.
Highly Efficient and Selective Electrocatalytic Semihydrogenation of Acetylene to Ethylene via Continuous Proton Feeding and Accelerated Transfer on Cu NP/FeNC Composite
Authors: Gao Xing , Wang Dashuai , Bai Rui , Lin Dan , Zhang Jian , Li Zhongjian , Hou Yang , Lei Lecheng , Yang Bin
Published: October 2024

Electrocatalytic hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene in aqueous electrolytes under ambient conditions faces efficiency and selectivity limitation due to the competitive formation of 1,3‐butadiene and hydrogen. In this study, the development of a  copper nanoparticle/FeNC composite catalyst is reported through a simple mechanical grinding approach that demonstrates remarkable performance, achieving a highest ethylene Faradaic efficiency of 97.7% at 180 mA cm−2 and selectivity of 92.6% at 200 mA cm−2. Experimental investigations reveal that Cu atoms serve as the active sites, and the integration of FeNC improves the specific surface area through its 2D nanosheet morphology. Further analysis utilizing in situ Raman measurements coupled with theoretical calculations confirms that FeNC accelerates water dissociation to provide abundant protons and improving their transfer, thereby suppressing 1,3‐butadiene formation and elevating acetylene selectivity. Notably, the integration of FeNC also transforms the desorption of *C2H4 into an exothermic process, further facilitating ethylene production. Overall, this study introduces a simple and innovative preparation approach of composite catalysts for selective ethylene synthesis, expanding the application scope of Cu‐based FeNC materials in various electrocatalytic hydrogenation reactions.
Enabling High‐Efficiency and Stable Binary Organic Solar Cells by Solid Additive‐Assisted Morphology Modulation
Authors: Cheng Yetai , Li Hongxiang , Zhang Xinfei , Chen Ya‐Nan , Ran Guangliu , Yue Yuanpeng , Wei Nan , Zhu Xiangwei , Yan Xing , Liu Yueheng , Lu Hao , Liu Yahui , Wei Yaoyao , Zhang Wenkai , Bo Zhishan
Published: October 2024

The solid additive strategy represents a simple yet effective approach to achieving high‐efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs) by enhancing the morphology of the active layer. In this study, a highly volatile solid additive, 2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine (TCT), is employed to modulate the morphology. Unlike other solid additives previously reported, TCT exhibits remarkable intermolecular interactions with both polymer donor and acceptor, offering two distinct advantages. Firstly, TCT notably enhances the crystallinity and molecular order of the blend film, subtly optimizing the fiber network structure within, thereby facilitating carrier transport and significantly improving the mobility of the blend film. Secondly, TCT stabilizes the bi‐continuous fibrous morphology of the polymer donor and acceptor, mitigating the morphological evolution of the active layer and enhancing device stability. Consequently, the D18:L8‐BO:TCT device exhibits a higher power conversion efficiency of 19.50% compared to the D18:L8‐BO device (18.13%). Furthermore, after 960 h of storage, the OSC device treated with TCT retains 90% of its initial PCE, significantly outperforming the D18:L8‐BO device (73%). This study presents a promising avenue for achieving high‐performance OSCs through manipulating the active layer morphology with solid additives.
Local Oxygen Reconstruction Enables Dual‐Ion Active Sites in Carbon Cathode for High Energy Density Sodium‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Li Jie , Liu Chang , Hu Xinyu , Cai Jieming , Lian Huimin , Li Dongxiao , Zhong Biao , Deng Wentao , Hou Hongshuai , Zou Guoqiang , Ji Xiaobo
Published: October 2024

Carbon materials are the promising cathode material for sodium‐ion capacitors (SICs) with high energy/power density, however, clarifying the evolution processes of functional groups in carbon materials and revealing their energy storage mechanisms are full of challenges. Inspired by the ancient practice of alchemy, which sought to purify Dan medicine and remove impurities through precise control of the refining temperature, the local oxygen reconstruction strategy, to alter the functional groups species in SP3‐C, is pioneeringly utilized, achieving targeted regulation of carbonyl groups with increase from 27.9 to 43.3 at%, which efficiently change the electronic structure of the carbon framework and realize the dual‐ion adsorption of Na+ and ClO4−, according well with the theoretical calculations. As expected, the obtained carbon cathode delivers a specific capacity of 145 mAh g−1, higher than that of the parent carbon material (95 mAh g−1). Impressively, the ex situ X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and in situ Raman reveals that carbonyl can act as dual‐ion active sites for Na+ and ClO4− through pseudocapacitive behavior under different voltage states. Notably, the assembled SIC using the carbonyl‐rich carbon cathode exhibits an ultrahigh energy density of 162 Wh kg−1. This work opens a novel avenue for regulating the carbonyl content of carbon materials.
Multi‐Target Peptide Nanofiber Immunotherapy Diminishes Complement Anaphylatoxin Activity in Acute Inflammation
Authors: Freire Haddad Helena , Roe Emily F. , Xie Fu Vinicius , Curvino Elizabeth J. , Collier Joel H.
Published: October 2024

The anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a are products of the complement cascade that play important and interrelated roles in health and disease. Both are potential targets for anti‐inflammatory active immunotherapies in which a patient's own immune system is stimulated to produce therapeutic immune responses against problematic self‐molecules. However, the complex and time‐dependent interrelations between the two molecules make dual targeting challenging. To investigate a dual‐target active immunotherapy against C3a and C5a and to systematically study the effect of varied degrees of responses against both targets, the study employed self‐assembled peptide immunogens capable of displaying a broad range of epitope compositions and Design‐of‐Experiments (DoE) approaches. Peptide nanofibers contained B‐cell epitopes of C3a and C5a in defined quantities, and intranasal immunization raised systemic and mucosal immunity against each target. In a lipopolysaccharide‐induced model of sepsis, increasing anti‐C5a responses are protective, whereas increasing anti‐C3a responses are detrimental, and survival rates are negatively correlated with anti‐C3a/anti‐C5a IgG titer ratio. This work highlights the interplay between the two molecules by making use of a modular, defined, and easily adjusted biomaterial‐based active immunotherapy platform.
Disrupting Intracellular Homeostasis by Copper‐Based Nanoinducer with Multiple Enzyme‐Mimicking Activities to Induce Disulfidptosis‐Enhanced Pyroptosis for Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Jin Xiao‐Kang , Zhang Shun‐Kang , Zhang Shi‐Man , Liang Jun‐Long , Yan Xiao , Lin Yan‐Tong , Meng Ran , Xu Zi‐Han , Liu Chuan‐Jun , Zhang Xian‐Zheng
Published: October 2024

Given the crucial role of abnormal homeostasis in tumor cells for maintaining their growth, it may be more efficient with less effort to develop anti‐tumor strategies that target multiple combined mechanisms by disrupting intracellular homeostasis. Here, a copper‐based nanoinducer (CGBH NNs) with multiple enzyme‐like activities is designed and constructed to induce disulfidptosis‐enhanced pyroptosis through disrupting multiple intracellular homeostasis for effective tumor immunotherapy. Within the tumor microenvironment (TME), CGBH NNs can disrupt intracellular glucose homeostasis and inhibit NADPH production, leading to accumulation of cystine, which further blocked the substrate and key enzyme for synthesizing glutathione. Subsequently, through cascade catalytic reactions involving enzyme activities (glutathione peroxidase‐like, glucose oxidase and peroxidase‐like activities), CGBH NNs can produce massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and further disrupt intracellular redox homeostasis, resulting in the disulfidptosis‐enhanced pyroptosis. The tumor cells undergoing immunogenic pyroptosis can release various cytosolic contents and inflammatory factors, eliciting robust immune responses by facilitating immune cell infiltration, and reprogramming the immunosuppressive TME. After the combination with immune checkpoint blockade therapy, CGBH NNs can effectively suppress the tumor growth and prolong the survival time of tumor‐bearing mice. This work presents a novel paradigm to trigger disulfidptosis‐enhanced pyroptosis by destroying intracellular homeostasis for anti‐tumor immunotherapy.
Nanobodies Outperform Antibodies – Rapid Functionalization with Equal In Vivo Targeting Properties
Authors: Jung Carina , Fichter Michael , Oberländer Jennifer , Schunke Jenny , Bolduan Vanessa , Schneider Paul , Kang Jinhong , Koynov Kaloian , Mailänder Volker , Landfester Katharina
Published: October 2024

Highly specific targeting of dendritic cells in vivo is crucial for the development of effective tumor nanovaccines. This group recently presented an antibody‐functionalized nanocarrier system able to maintain its targeting properties when transferred from in vitro to in vivo studies. However, producing this system requires long synthesis times and involves high expenses due to the involved site‐specific enzymatic multi‐step modification procedure of the antibody. Consequently, improving the previously proposed system is necessary in order to accelerate the development. Here, a novel system utilizing nanobodies for the targeting of dendritic cells is presented. A C‐terminal cysteine tag facilitates an easy attachment of the nanobody to the nanocarrier via a thiol‐maleimide conjugation technique. This reduces the functionalization time from several days to mere hours. Using in vitro and in vivo assays, it is shown that the optimized system possesses equal targeting properties as the antibody‐based system. As a result, nanobodies and the coupling chemistry are found to be a superior strategy for the in vivo targeting of dendritic cells when compared to antibodies, due to their rapid attachment to nanocarriers and equal targeting specificity. This would replace antibodies as the current “gold standard” of targeting moieties.
Digital Light Process 3D Printing of Magnetically Aligned Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Free–forms
Authors: Herman Jeremy A. , Telles Rodrigo , Cook Caitlyn C. , Leguizamon Samuel C. , Lewis Jennifer A. , Kaehr Bryan , White Timothy J. , Roach Devin J.
Published: October 2024

Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) are anisotropic soft materials capable of large dimensional changes when subjected to a stimulus. The magnitude and directionality of the stimuli‐induced thermomechanical response is associated with the alignment of the LCE. Recent reports detail the preparation of LCEs by additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, predominately using direct ink write printing. Another AM technique, digital light process (DLP) 3D printing, has generated significant interest as it affords LCE free‐forms with high fidelity and resolution. However, one challenge of printing LCEs using vat polymerization methods such as DLP is enforcing alignment. Here, we document the preparation of aligned, main‐chain LCEs via DLP 3D printing using a 100 mT magnetic field. Systematic examination isolates the contribution of magnetic field strength, alignment time, and build layer thickness on the degree of orientation in 3D printed LCEs. Informed by this fundamental understanding, DLP is used to print complex LCE free‐forms with through‐thickness variation in both spatial orientations. The hierarchical variation in spatial orientation within LCE free‐forms is used to produce objects that exhibit mechanical instabilities upon heating. DLP printing of aligned LCEs opens new opportunities to fabricate stimuli‐responsive materials in form factors optimized for functional use in soft robotics and energy absorption.
Polyoxometalate‐Derived Photocatalysts Enabling Progress in Hydrogen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Ren Hongyan , Wang Guangning , Chen Tingting , Wang Qian , Ren Jiahui , Pang Haijun
Published: October 2024

Photocatalytic water splitting is capable of converting abundant solar energy into environmentally friendly and renewable chemical energy, presenting a promising solution to alleviate the energy crisis and combat environmental pollution. The development of high‐performance photocatalysts is crucial for significantly improving the efficiency of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) involved. Polyoxometalate (POM)‐derived materials, known for their tunable compositions, diverse structures, electron storage/release capabilities, as well as quasi‐semiconductor photochemical properties, serve as highly efficient catalysts in sustainable photosynthesis. This comprehensive review navigates the latest advancements in the assembly strategies and HER performance of POM‐based crystalline materials. It also discusses the composite materials formed by infiltrating POM into metal‐organic frameworks (MOF) and examines the roles of transition metal compounds derived from polyoxometalates, such as sulfides and carbides, in photocatalytic HER. Emphasis is placed on the prospects for the future development of POM‐based compounds as photocatalysts, along with several strategies and outlooks that could facilitate their progress. POM‐derived materials are believed to have significant potential to enhance hydrogen production efficiency while maintaining thermal stability in HER processes.
Multimodal In‐Sensor Computing System Using Integrated Silicon Photonic Convolutional Processor
Authors: Xiao Zian , Ren Zhihao , Zhuge Yangyang , Zhang Zixuan , Zhou Jingkai , Xu Siyu , Xu Cheng , Dong Bowei , Lee Chengkuo
Published: October 2024

Photonic integrated circuits offer miniaturized solutions for multimodal spectroscopic sensory systems by leveraging the simultaneous interaction of light with temperature, chemicals, and biomolecules, among others. The multimodal spectroscopic sensory data is complex and has huge data volume with high redundancy, thus requiring high communication bandwidth associated with high communication power consumption to transfer the sensory data. To circumvent this high communication cost, the photonic sensor and processor are brought into intimacy and propose a photonic multimodal in‐sensor computing system using an integrated silicon photonic convolutional processor. A microring resonator crossbar array is used as the photonic processor to implement convolutional operation with 5‐bit accuracy, validated through image edge detection tasks. Further integrating the processor with a photonic spectroscopic sensor, the in situ processing of multimodal spectroscopic sensory data is demonstrated, achieving the classification of protein species of different types and concentrations at various temperatures. A classification accuracy of 97.58% across 45 different classes is achieved. The multimodal in‐sensor computing system demonstrates the feasibility of integrating photonic processors and photonic sensors to enhance the data processing capability of photonic devices at the edge.
Palladium‐Catalyzed (4+2) Annulations of Silacyclobutanes and Activated Ketones
Authors: Song Zhao‐Li , Zheng Jia‐Le , Chen Zhi‐Chao , Du Wei , Song Zhenlei , Chen Ying‐Chun
Published: October 2024

Presented herein is a palladium‐catalyzed (4+2) annulation reaction between silacyclobutanes and activated ketones, which features advantages of operation simplicity, broad substrate scope and good functionality tolerance. A diversity of oxasilacyclohexanes were straightforwardly constructed in high yields.
Site Specific C3‐Alkenylation of Indoles Mediated by In Situ C−H Iodination
Authors: Zhao Yongli , Cao Dingsheng , Wan Jie‐Ping , Liu Yunyun
Published: October 2024

The C3‐alkenylation of indoles have been developed by means of a novel in situ iodination tactic which is capable of mediating the Heck coupling with alkenes. The method features specific site‐selectivity oriented by the C−I bond, high‐step efficiency without pre‐functionalization for C‐halogen bond construction, as well as the highly general tolerance to different terminal alkenes, including unactivated alkenes, acrylates, acrylic acid, vinyl sulfone as well as different vinyl functionalized natural products.
Discovery and Total Synthesis of Anhydrotuberosin as a STING Antagonist for Treating Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Guo Fusheng , Zhang Jing , Gao Yihui , Shu Zhou , Sun Fei , Ma Jing , Zhou Xu , Li Wenyang , Mao Huawei , Lei Xiaoguang
Published: October 2024

Excessive activation of the stimulator of the interferon gene (STING) pathway has been identified as a significant contributor to various autoimmune diseases, such as STING‐associated vasculopathy with infantile‐onset (SAVI) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, discovering effective STING antagonists for treating STING‐mediated autoimmune disorders remains challenging. Herein, we identified the natural product anhydrotuberosin (ATS) as a potent STING antagonist by a high‐throughput chemical screen and follow‐up biological validations. However, the limited supply from natural product isolation impeded the pharmacological evaluations of ATS. Accordingly, we developed a concise and scalable total synthesis of ATS in 6 steps. Enabled by total synthesis, we further extensively investigated ATS's mode of action and evaluated its therapeutic potential. Remarkably, ATS inhibits STING signaling in PBMCs derived from three SAVI patients. ATS showed decent pharmacokinetic parameters and strongly alleviated tissue inflammation in DSS‐induced IBD colitis and Trex1‐/‐ autoimmune animal models with low toxicity. Collectively, this research lays the foundation for developing novel STING antagonists as an effective therapy for autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Constructing Ag/Cu2O Interface for Efficient Neutral CO2 Electroreduction to C2H4
Authors: Wei Zongnan , Wang Wenwen , Shao Tao , Yang Shuaibing , Liu Chang , Si Duanhui , Cao Rong , Cao Minna
Published: October 2024

Neutral CO2 electroreduction to multi‐carbons (C2+) offers a promising pathway to reduce the CO2 and energy losses originating from the carbonate formation. However, the sluggish kinetics of C−C coupling brings a significant challenge of achieving high selectivity of a single product (such as ethylene), especially at industrial‐relevant current densities (>300 mA cm−2). Here, we reported an optimized Ag‐Cu2O interfacial catalyst that exhibited C2+ Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 73.6 % at 650 mA cm−2 in a flow cell. Remarkably, it obtained FEC2H4 of 66.0 % with a partial current density of 429.1 mA cm−2, making it stand out among the reported Cu‐based electrocatalysts. In situ Raman spectra uncovered that the Ag/Cu2O interfaces enabled a high coverage of *CO around the partially reduced Cu+/Cu0 active sites. Furthermore, theoretical calculations demonstrated the enhanced CO formation and C−C coupling at the Ag/Cu2O interface. This work reported an unprecedented neutral CO2 electroreduction to C2H4 performance and provided an in‐depth comprehension of the role of the bimetallic interface.
Regulating Electric Double Layer via Self‐Assembled Monolayer for Stable Solid/Electrolyte Interphase on Mg Metal Anode
Authors: Fan Zhengqing , Zhao Wanyu , Shi Shang , Zhou Mengyuan , Li Jiayi , Liu Yuan , Pan Zhenghui , Yang Xiaowei
Published: October 2024

Modulating the cationic solvation structure with high donor‐number (DN) additive is an effective strategy to construct a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the Mg anode, which necessitates meticulous consideration of electrolyte chemistry and substantial quantities of additives. Notably, the electric double layer (EDL) adjacent to anode is pivotal role in SEI formation yet remains understudied. In this study, we propose a novel self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) strategy by utilizing (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane (TFTMS, only 2 vol %, 1.4 mol %, 0.135 mol L−1), a low DN but strong Mg metal absorbability through electron‐withdrawing groups(−CF3), to modulate the complex structure of the Helmholtz absorption plane. Through dipole‐dipole interaction between the electronegative fluorine (−CF3 of TFTMS) and electropositive hydrogen (−CH3/−CH2 of solvents), TFTMS weakens solvent‐Mg2+ coordination and thus enhances anion‐Mg2+ interaction, inducing a stable and dense SEI with superior electronic insulation to realize horizontal Mg plating/stripping. Consequently, the designed electrolytes enable the symmetric cells to cycle stable for up to 1000 hours and reversible Mg plating/stripping under 5 mA cm−2, they show favorable compatibility with various cathodes. More importantly, the SAM strategy has good generality in other electrolyte systems, demonstrating a simple and effective route to promote the practical application of rechargeable magnesium battery.
Chiral Metal Self‐Assemblies of Zirconium‐Tetrahedra and Their Second Harmonic Generation Activity
Authors: Han Ermeng , Li Yu‐Qing , Wu Tun , Bai Qixia , Zhang Zhe , Yuan Jie , Liu Wei , Liu Die , Li Yiming , Wang Pingshan
Published: October 2024

The chirality of metal‐organic cages holds enormous potential for novel applications in diverse fields, while it is relatively rare to employ such asymmetric units for the construction of noncentrosymmetric materials. Herein, by self‐assembling the 4,4′,4′′‐nitrilotribenzoic acid (H3NBA) with bis(cyclopentadienyl)‐zirconium dichloride (Cp2ZrCl2, Cp=η5‐C5H5) in different solvent conditions, we have obtained three hierarchical packing modes of metallo‐tetrahedra with distinct spatial symmetry groups (designated as Zr‐α, Zr‐β, and Zr‐γ). Among them, Zr‐α employs a simple cubic arrangement and is a common centrosymmetric superstructure, which consists of a pair of equimolar metallo‐tetrahedra enantiomers in its unit cell. While Zr‐β results in conglomerates with spontaneous resolution without using any resolving agents, giving rise to two enantiopure entities separately (Zr‐β‐P, Zr‐β‐M). More importantly, Zr‐γ breaks the inversion center of symmetry and crystallizes into a racemic yet non‐centrosymmetric superstructure with face‐centered cubic packing mode. Based on the non‐centrosymmetric nature, the hierarchical superstructure Zr‐γ displayed good second harmonic generation activities. This work presents a successful instance wherein the reaction solvent induces the modulation of intermolecular packing mode to afford non‐centrosymmetric solid materials, which can greatly promote the development of noncentrosymmetric solid (NCS) materials.
Bio‐Ag/ZnO@MWCNTs Promoted Green Synthesis of Novel Bis‐Pyrimidothiazines: Evaluation of Biological Activity
Authors: Shahvelayati Ashraf Sadat , Rostami‐Charati Faramarz , Shirangi Hannaneh Sadat , Sfandani Seyyed Komeil Hosseini
Published: October 2024

This work investigated the one‐pot multicomponent reactions of guanidine, isothiocyanates, and unsaturated 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds in an aqueous media at room temperature using catalytic quantities of Ag/ZnO@MWCNTs which was produced bis‐pyrimidothiazines with high yields. This field of study uses diphenyl‐picrylhydrazine (DPPH) radical trapping to investigate the antioxidant properties of some generated bis‐pyrimidothiazines. Academic studies that are now in progress have focused on investigating the antibacterial properties of compounds that have been created. An experimental process that produced the bis‐pyrimidothiazines showed a number of noteworthy characteristics, including quick reaction kinetics, high product yields, and simple catalyst separation from the reaction mixture.
Multidimensional study of starch co‐plasticized with glycerol and isosorbide in TPS/PLA blends: Morphological, mechanical, thermal, and structural properties
Authors: Gómez‐López Rudy A. , Montilla‐Buitrago Camilo E. , Villada‐Castillo Héctor S. , Serna‐Cock Liliana
Published: October 2024

Biodegradable blends of polylactic acid (PLA) and thermoplastic starch (TPS) co‐plasticized with glycerol (G) and isosorbide (i) in different ratios were prepared by extrusion in a single screw extruder. The G/isosorbide ratio varied within the range 27.5/2.5 to 15/15. The resulting materials were obtained through blown film extrusion and characterized using a variety of techniques. The plasticizing effect was identified through SEM and FTIR observations. In the SEM images, it was evident that most of the native crystalline structures were destructured. Furthermore, SEM observations showed phase separation of TPS and PLA in all samples, with phase dispersion differences depending on the co‐plasticizer ratio. The FTIR spectra of all TPS/PLA films showed that isosorbide caused changes in the absorption bands that suggested a reduction in the crystallinity of the native starch, agreeing with the XRD results that indicated the formation of different crystalline structures (EH type). The XRD results revealed a change in the crystal structure of the TPS phase influenced by the amount of isosorbide. Isosorbide increased tensile strength and reduced elongation due to strong interactions between the plasticizer and the starch chains through hydrogen bonds, con‐firmed by FTIR analysis. In general, it was established that isosorbide and G co‐plasticization, with small amounts of isosorbide (up to a ratio of 25:5 G/isosorbide), can be employed as an effective plasticizer without significantly affecting the tensile mechanical properties.
The intersection of anatomy and spirituality
Authors: Balta Joy Y.
Published: October 2024

The intersection of anatomy and spirituality offers a profound exploration into how the physical and spiritual aspects of our being interrelate, enhancing our understanding of wholeness. These domains are often seen as distinct, with anatomy rooted in the tangible study of the human body, while spirituality is considered intangible and deeply personal. However, as our understanding of both fields has evolved, a more integrative approach is emerging, recognizing that the physical and spiritual are not separate but interconnected aspects of human experience. In this unique special issue, we explore the diverse ways in which spirituality influences the field of anatomy. To provide a comprehensive perspective, the issue is organized into three sections. The first section examines how spirituality shapes students' learning experiences in anatomy. The second section focuses on the role of religious beliefs in body donation practices. Finally, the third section considers the interplay between spirituality and culture, and how this dynamic has influenced the discipline of anatomy over time. This special issue emphasizes the connection between anatomy and spirituality, bridging the divide between the physical and spiritual dimensions of educators, students, body donors, and community members. More needs to be done in the future to embrace the connection between anatomy and spirituality and build upon it to advance our discipline.
Modulating Electrolyte Solvation Structure for High‐Voltage and Low‐Temperature Magnesium‐Ion Supercapacitors
Authors: Tan Xiaohong , Fang Chi , Liang Zhongqi , Xu Zhengjie , Zheng Jiaxin , Xu Xianqi , Jin Yufeng , Yang Guoshen , Zhou Hang
Published: October 2024

Aqueous supercapacitors have great potential in energy storage devices due to their high‐power density and safety. However, due to the water hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the electrochemical stabilization window of aqueous electrolytes needs to be widened. Moreover, the application of aqueous electrolyte at low temperature is often limited by the freezing point of water. In this paper, we modulate the solvation structure of aqueous magnesium‐ion supercapacitors by using sulfolane as a co‐solvent. The modulated low salt concentration hybrid electrolyte extends the electrochemical stability window of the electrolyte to 2.9 V and enhances the stability of the electrolyte at extreme temperatures, as well as provides safe and non‐flammable properties. Based on the hybrid electrolyte, the water‐organic hybrid magnesium‐ion supercapacitors (HMSCs) are able to operate within an enlarged voltage range of 0–2.2 V at a low temperature of −30 °C. The HMSC shows a specific capacitance of up to 58 F/g at room temperature and retains a specific capacitance of 39 F/g at a current density of 15 A/g, demonstrating a good rate performance. Furthermore, after 15,000 cycles at a charge/discharge current density of 5 A/g, the HMSC sustain 88 % specific capacitance. It also has an outstanding cycling performance at −30 °C, maintaining a specific capacitance of more than 92 % after 20,000 cycles. These findings suggest that modulating the solvation structure by organic solvent additive is an effective solutions enabling high‐voltage and low‐temperature aqueous supercapacitors.
Live Cell Imaging Studies on Orange Emitting Thiazole‐Pyridone Azo Fluorophore and Its Latent Fingerprints, Computational, Electrochemical Sensing for Dopamine Detection
Authors: Zahara Fiza Noor , Keshavayya J. , Krishnamurthy Chethan , Pallavi K. M.
Published: October 2024

The fluorescent materials have sparked a lot of research interests due to their unique electronic, optical and chemical characteristics. Here, we are intended to present a simple and facile synthesis of novel orange emitting thiazole‐pyridone fluorescent tag (TPFT) by a simple diazo coupling reaction and the structural elucidation was carried out by IR, NMR (1H and 13C), UV–Vis, photoluminescence and HR‐MS spectrometry. The solvatochromic behaviour of the TPFT offered crucial information about the formation of hydrazone and azo tautomeric forms. The DFT simulations are computed to calculate HOMO‐LUMO energy gap (3.028 eV) of TPFT along with MEP and RDG analyses. Comprehensive LFP visualization is revealed under both normal and UV light conditions (365 nm). The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were used to analyse the electrochemical behaviour of the TPFT‐modified glassy carbon electrode (MGCE) and exhibited a lower detection limit of 7.89 × 10−8 M (S/N = 3) with a linear range of 0.5–8.0 μM for DA detection. The live‐cell imaging study of TPFT showed a strong blue emission at 453 nm, which generally indicates the existence of fluorescence stability.
Metabolome and microbiome analyses reveal the efficacy of Shen‐Fu formula in treating heart failure
Authors: Li Nana , Huang Yuting , Chen Feng , Yin Zhaorui , Wang Xiao , Zhang Kai
Published: October 2024

Improvement of strategies to treat heart failure (HF) has been a longstanding global goal and challenge. Shen‐Fu formula (SF), as a classic herbal preparation, has demonstrated efficacy in treating HF in clinical settings. However, further understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of SF is required. In this study, metabolomics and 16S rDNA sequencing were used to analyze the effects of SF on metabolic profiling and gut microbiota in HF rats. After 4 weeks of SF treatment, the cardiac function of HF rats showed improvement, with a significant increase in ejection fraction and fractional shortening, as well as a significant decrease in left ventricular volume and mass. Metabolomics study revealed that SF regulates the levels of substances related to energy metabolism, primarily involving lysophosphatidylcholines and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In addition, we found that SF regulates the structure of the microbial community in HF rats and modulates the balance between probiotic and pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, the SF combination exhibited a superior effect that was better than the use of each herb separately. These results demonstrate the potential of SF therapy in the management of HF and highlight the role of SF in regulating fatty acid metabolism and gut microbiome during HF.
Measuring the diagnostic management and follow‐up imaging for glioma patients across Belgian hospitals between 2016 and 2019
Authors: Vanhauwaert Dimitri , Vanschoenbeek Katrijn , Weyns Frank , Vanopdenbosch Ludo , Tieleman Ann , Michotte Alex , Goffin Karolien , De Gendt Cindy , De Vleeschouwer Steven , Boterberg Tom
Published: October 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the diagnostic management and follow‐up imaging for glioma patients across Belgian hospitals by calculating process indicators.

Methods

Patients with newly diagnosed glioma in Belgium (2016–2019) were selected from the Belgian Cancer Registry. The National Social Security Number served as unique patient identifier, linking the Registry to vital status and reimbursement data. Nine measurable process related to diagnosis and follow‐up imaging were identified, with reformulations for 7 due to data limitations. For each indicator, technical documentation sheets, containing all required details (rationale, numerator and denominator, target, limitations, benchmarking, subgroup analyses) were developed, reviewed by a multidisciplinary expert panel, and validated in six pilot hospitals. Per indicator, patients were assigned to the most relevant hospital per indicator using allocation algorithms.

Results

Results for process indicators assessing MRI use in glioma diagnosis and follow‐up aligned with predefined targets (90%), except for early postoperative MRI (48.5% vs. target 90%). Mandatory reporting of the WHO performance status (89.3% vs. target 100%) and performance of full‐spine (43.6% vs. target 90%) and follow‐up MRI (73.5% vs. target 90%) in ependymoma were suboptimal. The largest variability across centers was noted for the indicator on early postoperative MRI.

Conclusion

This calculation of process indicators identified opportunities for improvement in diagnosis and follow‐up imaging for glioma patients in Belgium. Monitoring indicator results and providing individual feedback reports to the Belgian hospitals invites neuro‐oncology care teams and hospital managements to reflect on their results and to take measures to continuously improve care for glioma.