bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Efficient, Analytic Solution Using Order Statistics for Probabilistic Seismic-Hazard Assessment without the Poisson Assumption
Authors: Michael Andrew J. , Llenos Andrea L.
Published: March 2022

Standard approaches to probabilistic seismic-hazard assessment (PSHA) assume that earthquakes are random, independent events that follow a Poisson distribution of occurrences in a given time period (Cornell, 1968). To overcome the limitations of the Poisson assumption, such as ignoring earthquake clustering, we introduce an analytic method for PSHA that uses order statistics to allow for arbitrary distributions of earthquake occurrence. Cornell (1968) used the Poisson assumption to achieve a computationally efficient method that enables users to explore the impact of parameters used in earthquake occurrence and ground-motion models. We apply our order statistics method to the highly clustered seismicity associated with caldera collapses at Kīlauea and explore the general implications of non-Poisson behavior for PSHA. We find that non-Poisson behavior has the greatest impact for high probabilities of exceedance, low-mean rates of occurrence, and multiple exceedances. Those conditions can be important for applications such as operating standards for buildings and infrastructure engineering, standards for temporary structures and during construction, the insurance industry, the design of earthquake early warning, and to assess hazards due to clustered processes such as aftershock sequences and earthquake swarms. The commonly used rate of exceedance hides the difference between the hazard due to a non-Poisson distribution and a Poisson distribution with the same mean rate of earthquakes. Thus, including non-Poisson behavior in PSHA means that we must plot and discuss PSHA results as the probability and not the rate of exceedance.
Reply to “Comment on ‘If Not Brittle: Ductile, Plastic, or Viscous?’ by Kelin Wang” by Marco A. Lopez-Sanchez, Sylvie Demouchy, and Catherine Thoraval
Authors: Wang Kelin
Published: March 2022

Different research communities prefer using different systems of terminology to describe brittle and ductile deformation of rocks. None of them is a misnomer. The use of the term viscous to describe thermally activated creep is fully compatible with viscoplastic and viscoelastic rock behavior. For general research purposes, the coexistence of the conflicting terminology systems does not cause substantive confusion. It is more productive to pay attention to self-consistency than to try to unify the terminology systems. To understand why a unification is impossible in the foreseeable future, one must understand the essence of each individual system.
Identification of levels of anthropization and its implications in the process of desertification in the Caatinga biome (Jeremoabo, Bahia-Brazil)
Authors: Oliveira Santos Nívea , Souza Machado Ricardo Augusto , Lois González Rubén Camilo
Published: March 2022

Desertification is one of the most serious current environmental problems and corresponds to the impoverishment and decrease of moisture in sandy soils located in regions with a sub-humid, arid and semiarid climate, with its main causes related to climatic variations and the resulting negative impacts of human activities. Studies show that the soils located in the Brazilian semiarid and especially in the Caatinga biome have been suffering an intense process of desertification due to the replacement of natural vegetation as a result of economic activities. Most municipalities that have an economy based on agropastoral activities are at the centre of desertification in several centres in Brazil. Based on this context and considering that the original vegetation cover is a preponderant factor for soil conservation, and subsequently for the maintenance of the ecological stability of the Caatinga biome, this work aimed to map the vegetation cover of the Vaza-Barris watershed corresponding to the municipality of Jeremoabo (Bahia-Brazil), with the purpose of identifying and quantifying, in terms of surface, the main types of interaction between human activities and the remnants of the vegetation cover, listing the potential impacts that have a direct consequence on the desertification processes. The delimitation of the vegetation cover was the result processing Sentinel 2A satellite images and the use of the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index - SAVI. Five thematic classes representative of the study area were identified, classified according to the increasing level of anthropization that allowed us to conclude that desertification causes damage to agriculture, making the areas unproductive, as well as excessive agriculture with inappropriate practices causes the loss of fertility of the soils, aggravating the desertification process. With this, the environmental and social quality is threatened, considering that the main source of income in the municipality of Jeremoabo comes from agricultural activities and these are dependent on climatic conditions, soil conservation and water resources.
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase adjusts neutrophils recruitment and chemotaxis in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis
Authors:   Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China, Guo Shu-Xuan , Zhang Li ,   Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China, Jiang Wei ,   Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China, Ma Jing-Jing ,   Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
Published: March 2022

AIM: To explore the effect of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) on recruitment and chemotaxis function of neutrophils in Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) keratitis.
METHODS: C57BL/6 mice models of A. fumigatus keratitis were established by inoculating hyphae of A. fumigatus evenly on the corneas. The clinical scores and inflammatory cytokines expression were measured respectively on the 1st, 3rd, 5th day after infection. The 1-MT (1 mg/mL) was administered by gavage to exert an inhibitory effect on IDO during infection. The mice were divided into control group, 1-MT group, A. fumigatus (A.F.) group, and 1-MT+A.F. groups. The corneas were monitored by slit lamp microscopy, and recorded disease scores in 3d after infection. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay was done to evaluate the neutrophils infiltration. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the recruitment of neutrophils in murine corneas. The mRNA of inflammatory cytokines was measured with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
RESULTS: The corneal inflammation and the clinical score reached the peak on the 3rd day after the corneal infection. The mRNA of inflammatory cytokines of the A.F. group reached the highest on the 3rd day after the infection accordingly. Meanwhile, the results of slit light photography indicated that inhibitors of IDO made inflammation more serious contrasted with the A.F. group on the 3rd day. Besides, imunofluorescence staining and MPO indicated that 1-MT enhanced the recruitment, infiltration and chemotaxis of neutrophils obviously in contrast to the A.F. group. RT-PCR indicated that 1-MT increased the expression of CXCL-1, ICAM-1, IL-1β, and IL-8 significantly.
CONCLUSION: IDO participates in the pathogenesis of A. fumigatus keratitis and plays an important role in inducing immune protection by inhibiting neutrophils-related inflammatory reaction and suppressing recruitment and chemotaxis of the neutrophils.
Resveratrol prevents hypoxia-induced retinal ganglion cell death related with ErbB2
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea, Seong Hyemin , Ryu Jinhyun ,   Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea, Park Juyeong ,   Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea, Han Yong-Seop ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea, Cho Hyun-Kyung ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Changwon 51472, Republic of Korea, Kim Seong Jae ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea, Park Jong Moon ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea, Kang Sang Soo ,   Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea, Seo Seong Wook ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea
Published: March 2022

AIM: To confirm the changes in proteins related with hypoxia-induced retinal cell death and to assess the effects of resveratrol (Res).
METHODS: The therapeutic effect of Res was verified using an ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) model in vivo and a hypoxia modelin retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in vitro. Death of RGCs were confirmed by TUNEL assay. Protein expression was confirmed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. In addition, flow cytometric analysis was used to confirm the response in the cell unit to obtain more accurate data.
RESULTS: ErbB2 expression and apoptosis in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) increased after I/R injury. Treatment of Res rescued I/R-induced ganglion cell death, downregulated apoptosis and ErbB2 protein expression in the retina. In subsequent in vitro models, Res affects apoptosis by regulating the phosphorylation and expression of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2), along with those of ErbB2. These results suggest that Res reverses GCL-specific apoptosis via downregulation of ErbB2 in ischemic injury.
CONCLUSION: In light of Res favorable properties, it should be evaluated in the treatment of RGC death and related retinal disease characterized by ErbB2 and MDM2 expression. Therefore, Res is appropriate therapeutic agent for treating ischemic injury-related eye diseases by targeting the expression of ErbB2 and MDM2.
New Record of Capybara (Rodentia: Caviidae: Hydrochoerinae) from the Pleistocene of San Diego County, California with Remarks on Their Biogeography and Dispersal in the Pleistocene of Western North America
Authors: White Richard , Mead Jim , Morgan Gary , Deméré Thomas A.
Published: March 2022

We describe a new species of capybara from late Pleistocene deposits (Rancholabrean NALMA) in northern San Diego County, California, USA which tentatively dates to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 interglacial (~130 ka to 80 ka). The specimen represents a new species of Hydrochoerus based on morphological characters of the upper incisor (I1) and the upper (maxillary) third molar (M3). Hydrochoerus hesperotiganites sp. nov. differs from other described species of Hydrochoerus in its larger size, wider skull roof, more robust zygomatic process of the maxilla and descending zygomatic process of the lacrimal and in details of the otic region. The new species is the only confirmed record of fossil Hydrochoerus in North America and is the northwestern-most record of any capybara in North America. All previous records of fossil capybara from North America represent one of two extinct genera, Neochoerus or Phugatherium. Northward dispersal of capybaras from central and southern México probably occurred along the coasts of Sinaloa and Sonora, entering the north or northeast flowing drainages which entered the Gulf of California, then further north into the San Simon drainage to the Gila River and ultimately into the Colorado River, or directly northward along the coast of Sonora to the mouth of the Colorado River.lsid: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BD2DA9EB-32EF-4761-8551-E585D6AF317C
Speech genres of accusation and reproach in the doctor’s speech behavior
Authors:   V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Ponomarenko Elena A. , Chureyeva Olga A. ,   V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: March 2022

The issue raised in this study touches upon different aspects related to expression of negative judgment in medical discourse. This issue lies within the boundaries of speech genre theory. The authors use analysis tools of such disciplines as functional linguistics, medical rhetoric and elocutary mastery. The comparison of accusation and reproach – two related to each other speech genres of expressing disapproval – is made in the introduction to the article. Lexicographic sources allowed to reveal essential semantic peculiarities of these genres. The authors have found that the most frequent means of expressing accusation and reproach is a rhetoric question which is used to express the doctor’s disapproval of the patient’s behaviour. It is pointed out that one of the reasons for the doctor’s failures in communication with patients is the improper use of rhetorical questions. This study attempts to discover communication pitfalls dealing with expressing disapproval. Understanding the structure and semantics of rhetoric questions allows to avoid common mistakes in the speech of medical students. It is necessary to view the object of the research in the context of argumentation and manipulation theories. The article also analyzes whether expressing disapproval can be regarded as a manipulative speech tactic. The authors claim that rhetoric questions should be regarded as irrelevant in the doctor’s dialog with the patient due to their negative impact on the patient’s emotional and psychological state. It is necessary to remember about risks related to iatrogenic factors.
Khutbah presented in russian in the context of a modern linguocultural situation
Authors:   Ivanovo State University, Farkhutdinova Feniya F. , Yakupov Khalit A. ,   Ivanovo State University
Published: March 2022

A muslim sermon is a religious genre that attracts the attention of specialists in various fields of knowledge: theologians, religious scholars, historians, sociologists, political scientists, and linguists. Having emerged simultaneously with the emergence of Islam, the khutbah has come a long way and has retained its ritual side unchanged. In the 20th – 21st centuries in the Russian Empire, in the Soviet Union, and later in the Russian Federation, it adapted to local conditions and catered to the political and ethnocultural needs of the time, one of which was the question of the language of its presentation. The orientation towards the canonical Arabic language or the ethnic language of the majority of the parishioners was explained by the requirements to preserve the doctrine in its original purity, or by the need to bring believers to closer understanding of the pastoral word. Today, this issue still remains controversial due to the fact that the Russian language, which has acquired the status of the state language, displaces bilingualism from many spheres of life, and small peoples lose their national identity because of this. The strengthening of the role of the Russian language occurs also due to the fact that now it performs the function of the language of inter-confessional and intra-confessional communication. The state policy in the sphere of religion and the change in the social conditions of people’s life affected the expansion of the reasons for reading the khutbahs and the conditions for their conduct, which gave rise to certain genre transformations. In the context of the pandemic, not only the format of sermons (on-line khutbahs) has changed but also the level of creativity has increased, which is based on the collective activity of the imam-khatib and the team of his associates and students.
Hybrid genres in gaming internet communication (congratulatory discourse)
Authors:   Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, Nesterova Tatiana V.
Published: March 2022

The article deals with hybrid playful speech genres in gaming Internet communication. It briefly highlights different approaches to the definition of the concepts of “hybridization”, “hybrid”, “hybridity” which are significant for this work. The communicative space of the Internet has become a kind of genre-generating environment that contributes to the emergence of new speech genres obtained as a result of hybridization. The object of the research are humorous speech genres presented in the form of polycode texts related to congratulatory discourse (communicative events “Birthday” and “Wedding”) and which have become widespread in the Internet environment. They belong to secondary genres, arise as a result of the re-accentuation of primary genres (in most cases, institutional discourse) and are associated with the stylization process: a humorous birthday greeting, a humorous wedding telegram, a humorous family happiness formula, a humorous oath of a bride / groom, a humorous instruction on exploitation of the bride / groom, a playful wedding poster. These genres are associated with the implementation of the pragmalinguistic category of indirection, contain a language play, indirect speech acts, hints, hidden meanings. The goal of the article is to identify structural-compositional, verbal and non-verbal markers of hybridity in these units of gaming Internet communication. In addition to the humorous speech genres discussed in the article, the congratulatory Internet discourse contains “Family Constitution”, “Wedding Diploma”, “Technical passport of the bride / groom”, “Marriage Contract”, “Contract” (with father-in-law / mother-in-law), “Resolution of the Society of Bachelors” and many other genres, containing stylization of official documents. To date, such hybrid genres are still poorly studied and require a systematic analysis.
About “genres of speech and language of speech” again: what has linguistics given to genre studies?
Authors:   Saratov State University, Dementyev Vadim V.
Published: March 2022

This is the second article in a cycle on the connection between genre studies and linguistics. The previous article discussed the question “What have genre studies given to linguistics?” This article focuses on linguistic methods used in speech genres theory: more traditional for linguistics, starting with the descriptive method and its later varieties – structural – and less traditional (component analysis, the method of immediate constituents, the generative method, the method of describing external and deep content structures, the method of semantic fields). Speech genres theory is studied in relation to linguistic paradigms. The most significant for speech genres theory is the turn in linguistics from the study of the language only to the study of speech (discourse), and thus – the recognition of the presence of a specific systematic nature of speech. Besides, speech genres theory is analyzed in connection with traditional linguistic directions: syntactic theory and methodology are used in the study of the composition of speech genres, lexicology and semantics – in the study of the names of speech genres. The major focus is on the modern period when new areas of linguistics and speech genres theory emerge simultaneously (Internet linguistics and Internet genre studies). The article also discusses division of linguistic disciplines in connection both with the speech genre division of language (structural, diachronic, functional) and with the division of genre studies (structure of the speech genres, classification of speech genres, sociology of speech genres, psychology of speech genres and genre thinking, cognitive and culturological aspects of speech genres). The role of speech genres theory in the division of linguistic disciplines into deductive and inductive is also discussed. The article appreciates the role of several outstanding linguists in the development of speech genres theory. In addition, the author briefly touches upon the connection between genre studies and literary studies: in the study of literary texts and genres they converge.
Effects of FGF on tooth movement and root resorption
Authors: Feizbakhsh Masood , Razavi Sayed Mohammad , Hajhashemi Valiollah , Mortazavi Mahsa
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is an effective cytokine in angiogenesis and bone remodeling. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of locally injected bFGF on movement rate and root resorption during orthodontic force application in dogs.
Material and Methods: In this experimental animal study, four 10-12 months male dogs were selected and were randomly allocated into two groups. A week following insertion of closing coil spring between the canines and second premolars, 50 µg of bFGF was injected to the case group and phosphate saline to the control group once per month. One month after second injection, the distance between the mentioned teeth were measured. Also, root resorption percentage were analyzed on the second premolars.
Results: Average maxillary tooth movement rate in case and control groups were found 2.53and 1.35mm/month respectively. The correspondent mandibular measures were 2.23mm and 1.15mm. These differences were statistically significant (P<0.0001). In respect to root resorption, the differences were found statistically significant (P<0.01) for coronal region in maxilla, which was higher in control group. Regarding the apical and middle regions of both jaws as well as coronal region of mandible the differences were insignificant.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the local injection of bFGF can increase tooth movement rate and has the potential to decrease root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement in dogs.
Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Ethnopharmacology, and Toxicity of Euclea divinorum Hern (Ebenaceae): A Review
Authors: OMARA Timothy , SADİA Benard Otieno , MBABAZİ Immaculate , OKWİR Augastine
Published: March 2022

Euclea divinorum Hiern (Ebenaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in Yemen, Eastern and Southern Africa in traditional phytotherapy. This review was an attempt to compile a comprehensive report on its ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemicals, pharmacological activities, and toxicity, lending credence to the use of its various parts in herbal medicine. The literature encountered indicated that herbal formularies from different parts of Euclea divinorum (E. divinorum) are majorly used for traditional treatment of odontological, dermatological, respiratory, reproductive, and gastrointestinal ailments. At least 18 compounds have been isolated and characterized in extracts of E. divinorum, while 31 others have been identified in the crude extracts analyzed by GC-MS. Extracts, as well as isolated compounds from E. divinorum stem, stem barks, leaves, and roots, showed renoprotective, antiproliferative, antinociceptive, contractile, proteolytic, diuretic, antiprotozoal, anti-giardial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, molluscicidal, and insecticidal activities. Further research is warranted to explore other pharmacological properties such as antisnake venom, aphrodisiac, antidiabetic, analgesic, and antimycobacterial activities and the responsible bioactive compounds in the different parts of E. divinorum claimed in herbal medicine. The composition and bioactivities of essential oils from this species also warrant further studies.
Duração do período seco como critério para dimensionamento de reservatório de água da chuva
Authors: Back Álvaro José
Published: March 2022

O dimensionamento do volume do reservatório ou cisterna é um dos pontos mais importantes para a definição da viabilidade técnica e econômica do projeto de captação da água da chuva. Existem diversos métodos descritos na literatura, que podem levar a resultados diferenciados (TOMAZ, 2015). Um critério para dimensionamento de reservatórios baseado nas caraterísticas da chuva é o que considera na duração máxima do período seco. Este método consiste em determinar o período máximo de dias secos consecutivos que ocorre com um dado período de  retorno. A norma técnica NBR15527 (ABNT, 2019) recomenda que o estudo de viabilidade técnica e econômica do sistema de capação de água da chuva deva considerar os estudos das séries históricas de precipitação da região onde será feito o projeto. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a série histórica de chuva para estabelecer a duração do período seco a ser usado no dimensionamento do reservatório de água da chuva. Foram usados os dados de precipitação da estação pluviométrica de Meleiro (Código 02849005, Latitude -28,8322º, Longitude -49.6367º, Altitude 80 m) pertencente à rede de estações hidrológicas da Agência Nacional de Águas e Saneamento Básico (ANA, 2021). Foram usados os dados diários do período de 1943 a 2020. Algumas falhas nos dados foram preenchidas com dados de estações pluviométricas localizadas mais próximas. Foram determinadas as séries mensais e anuais de duração máxima do período seco consecutivo, considerando como dias secos os dias com chuva inferior a 2,0 mm e 5,0 mm. O período seco foi computado no mês relativo ao fim da sua duração. Com a série de máximas anuais foram estimados os valores  esperados para os períodos de retorno de 2 a 100 anos, usando a distribuição de Gumbel-Chow (Back, 2013). A duração do período máximo anual com chuvas menores que 2,0 mm de Meleiro tem média de 23,2 dias e, para o limite de 5,0 mm, a duração média é de 29,0 dias.  No sistema de captação de água da chuva em que são descartadas as chuvas inferiores a 2,0 mm, adotando o período de retorno de 5 anos, o reservatório deve ser dimensionado para  atender a demanda do período de 30 dias sem chuva. No estudo foram apresentados valores para outros períodos de retorno que podem ser usados conforme o risco admitido no projeto.
Reducing losses in food production in Brazil: its impacts on the economy, land-use change and greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Soares Anaysa Borges , Silva Jonathan Gonçalves , Martinelli Gabrielli , Brandão Miguel Reis , Ruviaro Clandio Favarini
Published: March 2022

The reduction of food losses is an important measure to ensure food security, as it affects food availability, the environment and economic development. To this end, it is necessary to reduce waste from production to final consumption. This paper analyzes the economic impacts in Brazil from reducing food losses at the production stage between 2021 and 2030. In addition, it assesses the effects of policies on land allocation and its consequences in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. A computable general-equilibrium model was used to estimate the consequences arising from the reduction of losses on the different sectors of the economy as a result of the application of shocks of productivity gains to the production of some of the main crops in Brazil. The results show that reduction of waste is feasible and beneficial for the Brazilian economy, as it promotes regional and national economic growth, which leads to an increase in consumption by households and the government, and to investments and production levels. One of the main results identified was the Borlaug effect, since different agricultural activities grew in volume by increasing productivity on current cropland, thereby avoiding the conversion of large areas of native vegetation into arable land. Furthermore, the results may offer a new perspective on this topic to countries with economies similar to Brazil's, particular since only a few studies use this approach exist.
Neurophysiological Aspects of Natural Science Training of Future Psychologists in Higher Education Institutions in Finland and Sweden
Authors: Bilyk Valentyna , Girenko Sergii , Dzhahupov Hryhorii , Miloradova Natalia , Dotsenko Victoria
Published: March 2022

The relevance of the study of the natural science training of future psychologists for the presence of neuroscientific knowledge in the content of education lies in the fact that neurosciences have penetrated all spheres of socionic areas of training and are a synergistic component for the humanitarian aspects of human psychology. The aim of our article is to investigate the content component of psychological education in the universities of Finland and Sweden in order to determine its relevance to the modern interdisciplinary humanities and natural sciences paradigm, in particular the application of neuroscience in the training of psychologists. It was found that the neurophysiological aspect of psychological education (in parallel with the environmental) at the universities of Finland and Sweden is implemented through the implementation of disciplines, focused on the study of the neurophysiological nature of higher nervous activity (compulsory disciplines) and mainly neurophysiological diagnostic and cognitively oriented selective disciplines. There is a difference in the approach to planning the training of future psychologists: in Finland, lists of variable disciplines are approved, in Sweden only compulsory subjects are regulated, and in the variable component students have full academic freedom. It has been established that higher psychological education in Sweden and Finland is fully consistent with the tendencies of today’s society, in which there is a "blurring" of boundaries between scientific fields and an orientation towards building a student's personal educational space.
Neuropsychological Preventive Treatment of Emotional Burnout among University Students
Authors: Yadlovska Olha , Formaniuk Yuliia , Chystovska Yuliia , Nikolaiev Leonid , Boiaryn Liliia , Mateiko Nataliia
Published: March 2022

The article is dedicated to the problem of theoretical study and development of methodical recommendations on neuropsychological preventive treatment of emotional burnout among students of higher education establishments. The concept of neuropsychological symptom complex of emotional burnout syndrome at the emotional, cognitive and behavioral levels associated with the rigidity of psychological defense mechanisms and psychosomatic disorders has been clarified. Neuropsychological preventive treatment of emotional burnout is described, taking into account scientific data on the structural and functional organization of the cerebral hemispheres, which affect individual psychological differences in overcoming the syndrome of physical exhaustion. The phases and factors of emotional burnout development among students are indicated. Neuropsychological preventive treatment of emotional burnout among students is presented as a set of measures, with complication of the proposed techniques, taking into account an individual approach and personal resources, motivation to overcome stress, interests and needs of students. Recommendations for normalization of emotional exhaustion among students by modern foreign and domestic researchers are summarized.
Persistent Depressive Disorder: the Clinical Approach of the Patient Associating Depression and Dental Pathology - Case Report and Clinical Considerations
Authors: Moroianu Marius , Moroianu Lavinia-Alexandra , Ciubara Anamaria , Matei Mădălina Nicoleta
Published: March 2022

Growing research literature has documented an increased association between depression and dental problems. Patients with severe dental problems suffer from psychosocial consequences, distress and psychiatric problems. AIM: To emphasize the relationship between resistant depression and poor dental health. METHOD: This case report demonstrates the association between resistant depression and poor dental health in a 46-year-old female patient. Scores on clinical assessment measures suggested clinically severe levels of anxiety, worry, stigmatization, depression, sleeping and eating disorders and decreased satisfaction in quality of life at the beginning of the intervention. The theoretical rationale and treatment implications are presented. RESULTS: The scores on all these measures improved at the end of the dental interventions and no intense remaining depressive symptoms were reported afterward. Increased scores on life satisfaction and quality of life were documented as well. This case illustrates the potential benefit of dental treatment associating psychiatric treatment. A definitively positive association exists between poor dental health and depression. Once simultaneous treatment is initiated, there are chances for patients to have a positive evolution and social reinsertion. CONCLUSION: The high occurrence of depression, anxiety and stress among patients with dental problems highlights the importance of providing support programs and implementing preventive measures to anticipate and help persons with this type of pathology, particularly those who are most susceptible to higher levels of these psychological conditions.
Sexual Satisfaction as a Factor of Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Chernyavska Tetyana , Yermakova Alisa , Kokorina Yuliia , Kolot Svetlana , Kremenchutska Margaryta
Published: March 2022

The concept of “satisfaction with one’s own sexual life” gives a new impetus to the study of psychological well-being of an individual in general and success in professional activity of businessmen in particular as components of personal maturity, positive sanogenic personal potential. The article presents modern works of foreign and domestic scientists on the problems of human sexuality (biological, medical and sexological, general psychological and other aspects); well-being of an individual. The main aspects of the problem of satisfaction with one’s own sexual life as sexual well-being of an individual and the problems of psychological well-being of an individual are considered. Research assumptions are formulated. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study of the problem of satisfaction with one’s own sexual life in the context of psychological well-being of businessmen is determined. The results of a theoretical and empirical study of the current psychological problem of the interrelationship between satisfaction with one’s own sexual life with psychological well-being of modern domestic businessmen are presented. Proof of the interrelationship between sexual satisfaction with the psychological well-being of businessmen was carried out using Pearson, Tau-b Kendall and Spearman correlation analyses and the results were presented. Positive rather high correlations, which are revealed by three types of correlation analysis, enable to state that psychological well-being of businesspeople depends on their sexual development and their satisfaction with their sexual lives.
The Motivation of Prosocial Behavior of Adolescents
Authors: Kyrychenko Valentyna , Petrochko Zhanna , Necherda Valeriia , Yezhova Olha , Denysiuk Olena
Published: March 2022

In this article the neuropsychological approach of theoretical and experimental analysis of the study of motivation of prosocial behavior of adolescents is presented. Attention is paid to the theoretical study of prosocialization of personality and the possibility of positive motivation at different age stages, according to the neuropsychological characteristics of adolescents. The role of structural characteristics of the cognitive-motivational sphere is presented, which became actively developed in neuropsychological and cognitively oriented theoretical directions: a cognitive direction of neo-Freudianism (the Meninger school), the motivational-cognitive theories of personality, the directions of cognitive psychology. The analysis of theoretical concepts, directions of the problem motivation of prosocial behavior decision of adolescents from the viewpoint of the neuropsychological approach is carried out. In order to achieve this goal, it has been used a number of methods in this study: general scientific – a theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical scientific literature and generalization of data, specific scientific – ranking of experimental data. To determine the main components of the educational motivation of adolescents the method of diagnosing the structure of educational motivation is used, which allowed to investigate the most significant motives of educational activities and their qualitative analysis among pupils of different forms and discipline areas (Fetiskin, 2002). So as to substantiate the connection between the prosocial behavior of an adolescent and the principal components of educational motivation, pairwise comparisons of the indicators of pupils-adolescents studying in different discipline areas were conducted. It is concluded the cognitive-motivational styles, which shape the prosocial behavior of the individual, also provide the preference of certain ways of intellectual behavior that best eligible to the cognitive inclinations and abilities of a person. A concept the "cognitive styles" characterizes the individual difference in the cause, need, aspiration and way of obtaining, processing and using information. Cognitive style describes a way to motivate of an adolscent.
Anxiety in Home-Quarantined Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Pleșea-Condratovici Catalin , Gatej Emil Răzvan , Rizeanu Steliana , Pleșea-Condratovici Alina
Published: March 2022

One of the challenges of the current pandemic in Romania has been the monitoring of COVID-19 positive patients isolated at home by their family doctors. There was no legal framework or experience in remote medical consultations and there were no clear and comprehensive guidelines for therapeutic management at the beginning of this study. As the pandemic evolved, one of the problems identified from practical experience was that anxiety in this category of patients is an underestimated factor. The present study aimed to provide some clarifying data on the level, determinants, effects and methods of addressing anxiety in COVID-19 patients isolated at home. This approach started on a number of N = 107 patients to whom demographic data were collected and an anxiety questionnaire was applied by telephone. In the next stage, in order to obtain valid results in a timely manner, an online questionnaire was completed by 71 family physicians from Galati County, Romania. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed using Excel and SPSS software. The results showed that the level and importance of anxiety in these patients are underestimated and one of the key factors to avoid negative endings (delayed hospitalization or unjustified hospitalization) is the self-determination of peripheral oxygen saturation.
Рsychological Analysis of Procrastination as a Destructive Factor in the Formation of Professionalism
Authors: Shportun Оksana , Avramenko Natalia , Kaplinsky Vasyl , Koval Tetyana , Tyurina Tamara , Matokhniuk Lyudmila , Shevchuk Viktoriya , Bloshchynskyi Ihor
Published: March 2022

The article actualizes the problem of psychological research features of procrastination, and definition of its influence on formation of professionalism at student's age. The psychological analysis of the concept of "procrastination" is carried out, the essence and specifics of procrastination development in student age are investigated, the level of procrastination development in student age and psychological mechanisms of its influence on formation of professionalism are investigated. The following methods were used in the study: theoretical methods (analysis of scientific and methodological literature of noctive and foreign authors in psychology); empirical methods (Scale of assessment of the need for achievements of Yu. Orlov; Methods of research of volitional self-regulation A. Zverkov, E. Eidman; Melbourne decision-making questionnaire (adaptation of T. Kornilova, S. Kornilov); Scale of procrastination for students S. Ley; Methodology "Self-assessment organization"; Questionnaire "Control over action" Yu. Kulya; Temporary Perspective Questionnaire (ZTPI) Zimbardo; Questionnaire "Integral job satisfaction" N. Fetiskin, V. Kozlov, G. Manuilov). The experimental base of the study were students majoring in 053 "Psychology" of Donetsk National University named after Vasyl Stus (n = 92 people) aged 18-22 years.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts and their role in tumor progression
Authors: Ermakov M. S. , Nushtaeva A. A. , Richter V. A. , Koval O. A.
Published: March 2022

The stromal elements of a malignant tumor can promote cancer progression and metastasis. The structure of the tumor stroma includes connective tissue elements, blood vessels, nerves, and extracellular matrix (ECM). Some of the cellular elements of the tumor stroma are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The origin and function of CAFs have been actively studied over the past thirty years. CAFs produce collagen, the main scaffold protein of the extracellular matrix. Collagen in the tumor stroma stimulates fibrosis, enhances the rigidity of tumor tissue, and disrupts the transmission of proliferation and differentiation signaling pathways. CAFs control tumor angiogenesis, cell motility, tumor immunogenic properties, and the development of resistance to chemo- and immunotherapy. As a result of metabolic adaptation of rapidly growing tumor tissue to the nutrients and oxygen deprivation, the main type of energy production in cells changes from oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolysis. These changes lead to sequential molecular alterations, including the induction of specified transcriptional factors that result in the CAFs activation. The molecular phenotype of activated CAFs is similar to fibroblasts activated during inflammation. In activated CAFs, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) is synthetized de novo and various proteases and fibronectin are produced. Since CAFs are found in all types of carcinomas, these cells are potential targets for the development of new approaches for anticancer therapy. Some CAFs originate from resident fibroblasts of the organs invaded by the tumor, while others originate from epithelial tumor cells, which are undergoing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To date, many molecular and metabolic inducers of the EMT have been discovered including the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), hypoxia, and inflammation. This review classifies modern concepts of molecular markers of CAFs, their functional features, and discusses the stages of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and the potential of CAFs as a target for antitumor therapy.
Anthropometric craniofacial pattern profiles in microcephaly
Authors: Abdel-Salam Ghada M.H. , Gyenis Gyula , Czeizel Andrew E.
Published: March 2022

Craniofacial measurements were taken in 60 cases presenting with microcephaly. The cases were classified etiologically and morphologically and the latter was further subclassified. Craniofacial pattern profiles, cranial capacity, and the pattern variability index were calculated and compared with normal Hungarian controls of the same age and sex. In addition, correlation analysis between cranial capacity and IQ was done. Our results show significant similarity of the craniofacial pattern profiles between isolated microcephaly (IMC) and multiple microcephaly (MMC), and between primary microcephaly (PMC) and secondary microcephaly (SMC). The pattern variability index of the microcephalic cases was 4.77. There was no correlation between cranial capacity and IQ in the microcephalic patients.
Comparison of various decalcificators in preparation of DNA from human rib bones
Authors: Żołędziewska Magdalena , Gronkiewicz Stanisław , Dobosz Tadeusz
Published: March 2022

Various calcium-binding buffers and agents in DNA preparation from fresh human rib bones were compared. We showed that the buffer described by Kuntze et al. [1996] yielded the highest quantities of DNA, but the obtained DNA was strongly degraded. The best quality DNA was obtained using two buffers: of Hänni et al. [1994] and of Ivanov et al. [1995]. Among the new calcium-binding agents that were not examined before, the most efficient were Bismuth III Oxide and Na/FeEDTA, and – in two-step decalcification – sodium citrate.
Paradigms of anthropology as causes of taxonomic controversies
Authors: Tomczyk Jacek
Published: March 2022

The thesis of the paper is that the paradigms espoused by scholars affect their taxonomic decisions, which points to a philosophical source of such controversies. The paradigms the author discusses as holding in anthropology, at various times, include: (1) the “fixity-of-species” paradigm, (2) the “Asian roots” paradigm, (3) the “encephalization” paradigm, and (4) the “mid-Tertiary” paradigm.
Rzeczpospolita wobec aneksji Krymu przez Rosję w 1783 roku
Authors: Srogosz Tadeusz
Published: March 2022

Autor opisuje genezę oraz sposób przeprowadzenia aneksji Krymu przez Rosję w 1783 r. Badacz zwraca uwagę na reakcję państw europejskich, skupiając się głównie na Rzeczpospolitej. Przy okazji analizuje działania armii litewskiej i koronnej, co później mogło mieć znaczenie dla dowódców rosyjskich.
STRUČNE KOMPETENCIJE ZAPOSLENIH RADNIKA U PROGRAMIMA OKUPACIONE TERAPIJE U USTANOVAMA SOCIJALNE ZAŠTITE
Authors: Jankelin Isidora , Slavković Sanela
Published: March 2022

Kreiranje adekvatnog programa okupacione terapije pred stručne radnike postavlja zahteve za posedovanjem mnogih znanja, sposobnosti i veština. Cilj istraživanja je bio utvrditi subjektivnu percepciju nivoa stručnih kompetencija kod profesionalaca u sprovođenju programa okupacione terapije u ustanovama socijalne zaštite. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 65 stručnih radnika iz pet ustanova socijalne zaštite u Vojvodini koji primenjuju program okupacione terapije. Za potrebe istraživanja kreiran je upitnik koji obuhvata pitanja koja se odnose na veštine i iskustva stručnih radnika u sistemu socijalne zaštite. Pitanja su grupisana u nekoliko celina (oblasti rada): poznavanje procesa procena, veštine vođenja dokumentacije, pridržavanje plana tretmana/ usluga, poznavanje stručne i pravne regulative, efikasna koordinacija slučaja, veštine u primeni intervencija i nivoi primene programa podrške. Za svako od pitanja ispitanici su se izjašnjavali o nivou razvijenosti kompetencije na četvorostepenoj skali, načinu sprovođenja navedene veštine i potrebi za dodatnom obukom u navedenoj oblasti. Rezultati pokazuju da samo 31% ispitanika koristi standardizovane metode procene u svom radu, kao i da postoji značajna razlika u subjektivnoj percepciji nivoa kompetencija stručnih radnika u odnosu na obrazovni profil, radno mesto i godine radnog staža. Defektolozi značajno više od drugih stručnjaka procenjuju da su dovoljno kompetentni u svim oblastima rada. Ispitanici sa nižim nivoom obrazovanja češće izveštavaju o potrebi za dodatnom obukom u pojedinim oblastima primene programa okupacione terapije. Ovakvi podaci su nam značajna smernica za organizovanje celoživotne profesionalne podrške (edukacije) stručnim radnicima koji sprovode programe okuapcione terapije u našoj zemlji.
The Optimal Inference Rules Selection for Unstructured Data Multi-Classification
Authors: Bounabi Mariem , Karim EL Moutaouakil  , Khalid Satori
Published: March 2022

The Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) is frequently utilized in a variety of Text Mining applications. In the text processing domains, where the amount of the processed data is vast, inserting manual rules for FIS remains a real issue, especially in the text processing domains, where the size of the processed databases is enormous. Therefore, an automated and optimal inference rules (IR) selection strengthens the FIS process. In this work, we propose to apply the FP-Growth as an association model algorithm and an automatic way to identify IR for fuzzy text vectorization. Once the fuzzy vectors are generated, we call the selection variables algorithms, e.g., Info Gain and Relief, to reduce the given descriptor dimensionality. To test the new descriptor performance, we propose multi-classes text classifification systems using several machine learning algorithms. Applying benchmarked databases, the new technique to produce Fuzzy descriptors achieves a signifificant gain in time, precision rules, and weighting quality. Moreover, comparing the classifification systems, the accuracy is improved by 10% comparing with other approaches.