bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The structure of enterprises environmental factors.
Authors: Vlasenko Tetiana
Published: November 2019

Introduction. It is determined that strategic changes are the reaction of the enterprise to the environmental fac-tors influence. In order to predict and plan the strategic changes implementation, it is necessary to identify the struc-ture of environmental factors.
The purpose of the article. The article is devoted to the justification of factors groups of the external indirect environment influence on the enterprises functioning of agricultural engineering.
Results. Methods of environmental analysis (PESTLE, T.E.M.P.L.E.S, STEEPLE, SWOT, ETOM, EFAS, QUEST) are generalized. The uniqueness of these methods was determined by the similarity of factors groups and methods of expert evaluation using the point scale and the specific gravity of the coefficients. The generalization of fac-tors groups that are singled out by the researchers is presented. It is determined that the most common are political and economic. It is proved that a group of socio-political factors should be shaped by: the level of political stability, national security priorities, the level of corruption and the activity of public organizations. The definition of the term «institute» is given, and the external environment can be represented as institutional, which has necessitated the separation of institutional and legal factors, the group of which includes protectionist policy, legislation, level of democracy, taxes and tariffs, industrial infrastructure and investment climate. The largest group of economic factors are: inflation rate, price dynamics, unemployment, exchange rate, credit and financial mechanism, level of specialization, cooperation and concentration, as well as the stage of the economic cycle. Considering the peculiarity of machine-building enterprises competitiveness, the scientific and technological factors are highlighted that combine the life cycle of technology, the introduction of new products, innovative and energy-saving technologies, the level of global progress as a whole. The groups of socio-demographic and international factors are less influential.
Conclusions The conducted structuring of the enterprises external environment of the studied industry allows to analyze their impact on the basis of expert evaluation. The obtained results allow to substantiate the methods of stra-tegic change management at the enterprise.
Key words: external environment, factors, agricultural engineering, institute, structure.
Ecotourism in Asia: experience for Ukraine
Authors: Haponenko H. , Shamara I.
Published: November 2019

Introduction. Tourism is related to the mechanisms of nature management. On the other hand, the negative im-pact of tourism on the environment has been proven. Therefore, the object of the study is ecotourism in terms of the concept of sustainable and responsible nature management.
The purpose of the article is to provide a scientific and theoretical substantiation for the development prospects of ecological tourism in Ukraine based on Asian experience. Ecotourism is a major sector of the national economy for many Asian countries. At the same time, the population of these countries is responsible for the preparation of the “green” tourists reception, which is connected with the ecological features of the natural territories.
Research methodology. Features of ecotourism development in China and Vietnam are examined using statis-tical, graphical and analytical methods. The research revealed priority directions for the development of ecotourism, which, first of all, need to be implemented in Ukraine: forming an understanding of the need to develop ecotourism in the country’s population; domestic tourism industry restructuring; improving the legal framework and policy for the ecotourism development; development of human resources in this field; the need for investment; creation of favorable environment for ecotourism development.
Conclusions. According to the authors, it was in China and Vietnam that they found the best mechanism for regulating the development of ecotourism that Ukraine could adopt. It is noted that recreational, historical, cultural and natural potential is almost not realized due to a number of constraints in our country. The scientific novelty of the arti-cle is to compare the experience of organizing ecotourism in selected countries of Asia and Ukraine and to develop on this basis ways to overcome the crisis of the domestic tourism industry. The study of application directions of Asian experience state regulation of ecological tourism development in Ukraine is considered in the future.
Key words: sustainable nature management, ecotourism in Ukraine, Asian countries, China and Vietnam tour-ism industry, reserve.
CULTURABLE MICROORGANISMS IN HIGH-ALTITUDE ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL SAMPLES COLLECTED ABOVE NORTHERN SIBERIA BY AIRCRAFT SOUNDING
Authors: Andreeva I. S , Safatov A. S , Puchkova L. I , Emelyanova E. K , Buryak G. A , Olkin S. E , Reznikova I. K , Ohlopkova O. V
Published: November 2019

To contribute to the comprehensive study of atmospheric pollution in Siberia, aircraft soundingwas carried out in Northwestern Siberian along the following route: Novosibirsk - Surgut - Igarka - Novosibirsk. This work was aimed at studying the quantity and representation of culturable microorganisms and other biogenic components of the atmosphere at altitudes up to 8,000 m. The air samples were collected to impingers (flow rate 50 ± 5 L/min) where 50 ml of Hanks’ solution (ICN Biomedicals) was used as the sorbing liquid and applied on the fibrous filters. The concentration of biogenic material was recorded, and the concentration and diversity of culturable microorganisms were determined in total protein samples. It was found that the samples of atmospheric air contained 158 mesophilic and psychrophilic microorganisms represented by such genera as Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Nocardia, Arthrobacter, and Rhodococcus. Also, Actinomycete, yeast and fungal cultures were also isolated. Non-sporiferous bacteria were widely presented at all altitudes. Enzymatic activity of the isolated microorganisms and a number of pathogenicity factors present were investigated. The data on quantity and representation of culturable microorganisms and other biogenic components at altitudes up to 8000 m in Northwestern Siberia were obtained for the first time. It is a significant contribution to the study of the atmosphere of this region. The patterns of the observed biodiversity of microorganisms, associated with the sampling altitude or geographic location, should be determined infurther research.
A STUDY OF LIFE CYCLE FEATURES OF THREE STRAINS OF CYANOBACTERIA NOSTOC CF. PUNCTIFORME VAUCH
Authors: Egupova E. Yu , Sharipova M. Yu , Abdullin Sh. R
Published: November 2019

The article presents the study of the life cycle of three strains (Pk20j, Ch55 and Sv31j) of filamentous nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria Nostoccf. punctiforme Vauch. The wide distribution, high adaptation potential, tolerance to the artificial cultivation conditions, high growth rates and peculiar features of physiological and biochemical processes (propensity for oxygenate photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, etc.) make these microorganisms a convenient biotechnological object of research. Although Nostoc cf. punctiforme can find use in various fields of biotechnology, its life cycle is still poorly understood. The methods of the study were the pendent drop method and the microscope observation of bacterial cultures inoculated into fresh Gromov’s medium No. 6. It was found that all the strains of cyanobacteria passed through several stages of development: the formation of hormogonia (status oscillatorioideus orsecondary hormogonia, day 2), the germination of hormogonia (statusoscillatorioideus, statuscylindrospermoideus and status anabaenoideus,days 2-5), the transition from filaments to colonies (status angulato-flexuosus, days 5-17), and the formation of colonies (status punctiforme, from day14 to more than a month; statussphaericus, status stratosus). The time of development in the laboratory heterogeneous population increases by 2-3 days as compared with the development of isolated hormogonia. The reproduction by secondary hormogonia can begin at any stage of the life cycle. Also, the three strains demonstrated different patterns of heterocyst formation. The obtained results indicate that cultivation conditions affect the life cycle of cyanobacteria and strains, isolated from different habitats, have intraspecific variability.
DIVERSITY OF FOLIOSE LICHENSPECIES IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Alverdiyeva S. M
Published: November 2019

This article consolidates lichenological data on foliose lichens of Azerbaijan and addresses their species diversity. It was determined that the studied lichens belong to classes Eurotiomycetes, Lecanoromycetes and Lichenomycetes of the phylum Ascomycota. They are represented by 166 species, including 8 orders: Caliciales , Candelariales, Lecanorales , Peltigerales , Teloschistales , Umbilicariales , Verrucariales , Lichinales ; 15 families: Candelariaceae, Collemataceae, Lecanoraceae, Lobariaceae, Nephromataceae, Pannariaceae, Parmeliacea e, Peltigeraceae, Peltylaceae, Physciaceae , Placynthiaceae , Stereocaulaceae , Teloschistaceae, Umbilicariaceae, Verrucariaceae; and 51 genera. Such species as Anaptychia elbursiana , Enchylium ligerinum , Phaeophyscia hirsuta , Parmelia fraudans , Physconia perisidiosa , Punctelia rudecta , Tuckermannopsis chlorophylla , and Umbilicaria proboscidea are new to the lichen flora of the studied region. The article provides information on the location in the studied region, the substrate and the ecological group for each species. It was found that the species diversity of foliose lichens is is mainly formed by five polymorphic families, such as Parmeliacea e, Physciaceae , Collemataceae, Peltigeracea e, and Umbilicariaceae, thatcomprise 132 species (79.5% of the total number of species). Among genera, only five of themhave significant species diversity: Peltigera (17 species), Physcia (15), Umbilicaria (13), Collema (9) and Parmelia (5). As for the humidity factor, five groups were distinguished: mesophytes (132 species), xerophytes (17), xeromesophytes (9), hygromezophytes (6), mesoxerophytes(2). As for the substrate, foliose lichens were devided into five ecological and substrate groups: epiphytes (53 species), epilites (48), epigeids (22), epibriophytes (18), eurysubstrate linchens (25).
NEW PAEONIA ANOMALA POPULATIONS FOUND IN SURGUTSKY DISTRICT OF KHANTY-MANSIYSK AUTONOMOUS AREA - YUGRA
Authors: Samoylenko Z. A , Sviridenko B. F
Published: November 2019

The article describes two new localities of Paeonia anomala L., a rare species listedin the Red Data Book of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area - Yugra, that were discovered in Surgutsky District. Phytocenotic, topographic and ecologic growth conditions were studied, and quantitative data on abundance, density and age composition of the populations were collected. The first population is characterized by rather high density and abundance in comparison with other populations examined earlier;the number of generative shoots is also significantly larger. Other biometric parameters (average number of shoots per plant, average number of generative and vegetative shoots, height and number of leaves on generative and vegetative shoots) are similar to those of populations that developed in the optimal ecological conditions of the forest steppe.The second population is inferior to the first one in many respects (abundance, density, height and quantity of leavesof generative and vegetative shoots); most of the plants are in the vegetative state; and the average number of shoots per plant are also small. The obtained data expand our understanding of the size and structure of the populations of this rare and endangered species in the region.
VARIABILITY OF CONES AND SEEDSCALESIN PICEA SPECIES AND THEIR FORMS IN CONDITIONS OF THE CITY OF OMSK
Authors: Skosyreva I. G , Grigoriev A. I
Published: November 2019

The study addressedthe morphometric indicators of cones and seed scales, such as length, width, and weight (before opening and after drying). Similarly, seed scales were measured, the marginal lines were described, and the number of seed scales in the cones was counted. The summary tables showed significant differences in the length and width of cones (Student's criterion). The correlation analysis was used to quantify the association between various indicators and the seed scale size. The samples were collected in the Genze Dendrological Garden, a natural landmark of regional significance. The study was carried out usingMolchanov and Smirnov’s (1967) method in the summer-autumn period. Siberian spruce (both blue and green forms), Serbian spruce, Colorado spruce (green form), and Canadian spruce had medium and large cones, which indicates a high adaptive capacity of these species. The length of cones in blue-grey and golden forms of Colorado spruce was below the average, indicating a low adaptive ability of the introduced species in the West Siberian foreststeppe. The correlation analysis showed a moderate dependence of the weight of seed scales and the weight of cones after drying (K = 0.60). A small dependence was found between the weight of seed scales and the length of cone after drying (K = 0.39). The size of seed scales strongly correlated with the size of cones (K ˃ 0.8). Student's t-test did not reveal significant differences in the width of cones in the studied species and forms of spruce, except for green form of Colorado spruce as compared to Serbian spruce and Canadian spruce, and blue-grey form of Colorado spruce as compared to Canadian spruce , showing notable differences at 1% significance point. By the length of cones, the studied species can be categorized into twoessentially different groups, the first one including all forms of Siberian spruce and Colorado spruce and the second one including Serbian spruce and Canadian spruce .
CHRONOBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PESTICIDE LOAD OPTIMIZATION IN SALIX VIMINALIS L. PLANTINGS OF INTENSIVE TYPE
Authors: Afonin A. A
Published: November 2019

The article considers common osier from the utilitarian perspective and addresses the necessity to applyprolonged-action pesticides in the plantings of intensive type. To reduce the pesticide load, it is proposed to schedule agroforestry activities taking into account the seasonal dynamics of annual shoot growth. The study aims to identify patterns of seasonal dynamics of daily increment of annual shoots of common osier, using such methods as selection, structural-morphological methods, and harmonic analysis. The object of the study is a model inbred population of common osier. It was found that the seasonal dynamics of daily shoot growth ΔL(t) is cyclic. A three-level structure of seasonal biorhythms of daily shoot growth wasdiscovered. The contribution of lower harmonics with the oscillation period of 32 to 96 days to the total cyclicity ΔL(t) was 65%. The contribution of the medium harmonics with the oscillation period of 16 to 24daysto the total cyclicity ΔL(t) was 23%. The contribution of higher harmonics with the oscillation period of less than 14 days to the total cyclicity ΔL(t) was 6%. To optimize the pesticide load in the plantings of common osier, it is recommended to take into account the biorhythms of shoot growth with a frequency of fluctuations from 16 to 24 days.
IMPACT OF Al NANOPARTICLES ON CHLOROPHYLL PIGMENT CONTENT AND ENZYME ACTIVITY IN COTTON LEAVES
Authors: Hasanova F. V
Published: November 2019

The role of nanotechnology in solving environmental problems is increasing, and there is a need for additional research in this area. One of these environmental problems is soil salinization. During salinity stress, germination, growth and development ofplants slow down, and the quantity of pigments, chlorophyll and carotenoids in leaves decreases. So does the activity of such important physiological processes as photosynthesis, respiratory processes and enzyme activity. There are several ways to improve the salt tolerance of cotton. The cotton varieties can be improved genetically, or another way is to increase the stability of seeds or seedlings by chemical, biological or physological methods. At the early stages of development cotton seedling are very sensitive to salinity and other stress factors. The study investigated the effect of Al nanoparticles on the pigment composition in cotton seedling leaves and on the enzyme activity (ascorbate oxidase, polyphenol peroxidase and guaiacol-dependent peroxidase) in soil samples, collected in different areas of the Mugan plain. It was found that cotton seeds develop well in saline soils if treated with Al nanoparticles. Significant changes were observed in the plant development and in the kinetics of physiological processes. The quantity of chlorophyll pigments a and b in cotton sprouts (mainly at three leaf stages) increased, and the change in enzyme activity occured. Thus, during salinity stress the influence of basic enzymes, such as ascorbic peroxidase, increased in sprouts but decreased in leaves if the cotton plants are cultivated in saline soils with Al nanoparticles. The decrease in the activity of polyphenol oxidase and guaiacol-dependent peroxidase was insignificant.
COMPLEXES OF CHAMAEDAPHNE CALYCULATA (L.) MOENCH FLAVONOIDS IN OLIGOTROPHIC BOGS OF THE MIDDLE OB RIVER
Authors: Usmanov I. Yu , Yumagulova E. R , Aleksandrova V. V , Gonchar I. G , Scherbakov A. V , Ivanov V. B
Published: December 2019

The high-performance liquid chromatographyspectra of metaboloms from the coenopopulations of Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench, found in the oligotrophic bogs of the Middle Ob, were compared. The studied coenopopulations formed 21 to 41 peaks in the chromatograms. The peaks differed by exit time. After summing up the peaks for Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench at the chromatograms, their number reached 108. The results point at a high probability of neutralist mechanismsparticipating in formation of the flavonoid spectra of the coenopopulations. The biodivercity of flavonoids may form regional (geographical) foodstuffs depending on ecological conditions of the region.
A STUDY OF BIOINDICATIVE PROPERTIES OF QUERCUS CASTANEIFOLIA С.А.MEY IN NATURALAND URBANIZED SITES IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Mammadova A. O. , Mammadova R. N.
Published: December 2019

The paper presents a study of indicative and remediative properties of chestnut-leaved oak Quercuscastaneifolia C.A.Mey found in the Republic of Azerbaijan.The study aimed to assess the prospects of using this plant in the management of environmental quality in Azerbaijan. Four test sites, which differ in the degree of environmental pollution, were selected for the study. Two test sites are located in Baku, the capital city that has a rather high level of pollution. The other two test sites are located in the country.The bioindicative propertiesof chestnut-leaved oak were investigated by analyzing the developmental stability of leaves morphogenesis. To determine the developmental stability of leaves, the method of fluctuating asymmetry was used. Thebioaccumulativepropertiesofthe plantwere investigated by elementalanalysisofleavesandsoil. For this, the methods of sampling, sample preparation and sample were used according to GOST RF. The analysis of the main chemical components in the leaf and soil samples was carried out using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometerand an atomic absorption spectrometer. The analysis of micro-components in the leaf and soil samples was carried out using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. It was found that there is a strong correlation between the degree of environmental pollution and the level of developmental stability of morphological characters of Quercus castaneifolia C.A.Mey. Environmental pollution increases the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaves.The results also showed that Quercus castaneifolia C.A.Mey hasremediative properties. Therefore, chestnut-leaved oak can be a monitored species in the integrated environmental monitoring system in Azerbaijan.
MATERIALS ONSTUDYING THE STRUCTURE OF TERRESTRIAL ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIESINHABITING THE FOOTHILLS OF SOUTH-EASTERN SLOPES OF THE GREATER CAUCASUS
Authors: Novruzov N. E
Published: December 2019

The article presents the data on taxonomic composition and ecological structure of arthropod communities from semiarid cenoses in the low-mountainous part of South-Eastern slopes of the Greater Caucasus. The features of distribution of arthropods in areas with different temperature conditions, soil type and humidity, microrelief, and vegetation cover are considered. The study established the ratio of trophic groups of arthropods on the compared areas that differ in feeding conditions, soil structure and humidity, terrain, morphological and behavioral characteristics of the studied phylum. It wasfound that the taxonomic composition of semiarid communities is mainly formed due to arthropods having similar biotopic confinement. The quality and conditions of the habitat have greater influence on the quantitative ratio of the main ecological groups of arthropods than on the taxonomic composition of the community as a whole.
TOXIC ELEMENTS CONTENT ANALYSIS OF BLOOD AND MILK OF COWS
Authors: Zaznobina T. V , Ivanova O. V
Published: December 2019

Currently, one of the main economic policies of the Russian Federation in the field of food security is production of safe food and consumer protection. The aim of the research was to study the content of such toxic elements as Zn, Cd and Pb in milk and blood of cows. Experimental studies were carried out at stud farms Plemzavod Tayozhny LLC in Suhobuzimsky District and OPH Solyanskoe LLC in Rybinsk District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russian Federation. The milksamples were studied by atomic absorption method; the blood serum samples, by mass spectrometry. Blood serum samples were obtained by sedimentation of whole blood and retraction of the blood clot followed by centrifugation. The obtained data were processed by the method of variation statistics with the calculation of statistical indicators. The lowest contents of Zn, Cd and Pb were found in blood serum of the cows of OPH Solyanskoe LLC; it was 0.038, 0.001, and 0.002 mg/l, respectively. The milk samplescollected at Plemzavod Tayozhny LLCcontained less heavy metals than those collected at OPH Solyanskoe LLC: Zn by 2.069 mg/l, Cd by 0.01 mg/l, and Pb by 0.061 mg/l (P>0.999). When calculating the correlation coefficients, weak positive and negative correlationswere established between Zn and Pb content in blood and milk. The detected amounts of toxic elements did not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations, except for Pb content in milk sampled at OPH Solyanskoe LLC, which was higher than the standard content by 0.026 mg/l.
PARAMETERS OF ECG DISPERSION MAPPING AMONG STUDENTS OF NORTHERN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Pogonysheva I. A , Pogonyshev D. A , Lunyak I. I
Published: December 2019

The cardiac activity of students who have been born and live in the territory equated to regions of Far North was assessed. In total, 132 students of Nizhnevartovsk State University were examined using the CardioVisor-06c analyser that helps to diagnose dysfunctions of the cardiovascular system at preclinical level. The authors conducted a questionnaire survey to identify risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases in students and analyzed the results of ECG dispersion mapping. The deterioration of the functional state of the myocardium was more pronounced among students with a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. The young men and women with pre-pathological characteristics of electrophysiological indicators were referred for additional examination and cardiology consultation.
QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER IN MINING AREAS
Authors: Khasanova R. F , Suyundukov Ya. T , Semenova I. N , Rafikova Yu. S
Published: December 2019

The paper presents the results of a drinking water quality study in towns located in the mining areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan, The Russian Federation. The objects of the study were underground water supply sources and water distribution networks of the towns of Uchaly, Sibay, and Baimak. In total, 30 water wells were examined, and five water samples were collected from the water distribution network in each town. The water quality indicators were pH, solid residue, total hardness, copper content, zinc content, iron content, and manganese content. The water quality in water distribution networks corresponded to the permissible limits according to environmental and sanitary regulations, except for the increased iron contentprobably due to corrosion of water supply pipelines. The water quality in non-centralized water supply (wells) in some areas failed to meet the sanitary standards. Priority indicators of water pollution were increased hardness and mineralization, high content of iron and manganese. To provide the residents with high-quality drinking water, it is proposed to make a complete inspection of centralized and non-centralized water sources not only within the towns, but also in the neighbouring communities. It is necessary to install filtration plants, primarily to reduce the iron content, in roder to bring the water taken from the wells for household and drinking purposes to the standard quality.
A STUDY OF POTENTIAL LISTERIOSIS: AN EMERGING FOOD-BORNE DISEASE
Authors: Soldatova S. Yu , Filatova G. L , Kulikovskaya T. S
Published: December 2019

The incidence of listeriosis has been rising 1980s. Epidemic outbreaks are becoming more widespread and are accompanied by high mortality. The most common cause of infectionis consumption of food contaminated with pathogenic Listeria species, in particular L. monocytogenes . Listeria bacteria are psychrophiles, live in all media of the environment, and easily move from saprotrophic to parasitic mode of life. All these qualities have provided them with adaptability and high survival capacity. The sources of food contamination with Listeria bacteria usually are contaminated raw materials or equipment of food production facilities. Deep frozen beef blocks were tested for contamination with Listeria bacteria that were detected and identified by bacteriological technique and enzyme immunoassayand immunochromatographic assay. Listeria bacteria were found in 35% of samples but there were no pathogenic species among them. The isolated species were identified as L. innocua, L. welshimeri, L. grayi and L. seeligeri . These species often colonisevarious media of the environment. The examined meat samples were found to be safe. Listeriosis can be prevented by systemic proactive measures including sanitary and epidemiological control of food raw materials and finished products, properly organized technological process, and hygienic education of the population.
ECOLOGY OF NUTRITION AND PROMISING TRENDS IN PRODUCTION OF DIETARY FIBER BASED INSTANT FOODS
Authors: Nikolaeva Yu. V , Tarasova V. V , Nechaev A. P
Published: December 2019

The article presents the development of a new formulation of instant noodles based on dietary fiber. Given the trend for functional foods that provide balanced nutrition, the enrichment of instant noodles with micronutrients is becoming increasingly important. The aim of the work was to study the content of dietary fiber in instant noodles with introduced inulin Fibruline XL, fiber SUPERCEL WF600, and methyl cellulose VIVAPUR MC A 4M. It was determined if dietary fiber was preserved after technological processing of the raw material. Buckwheat flour, which has a number of advantages in nutrient composition in comparison with wheat flour, was used as a raw material. Generally accepted and special methods of studying the properties of raw materials, semi-finished foodproducts and finished food products were used. Lipid content, nutritional and caloric values were determined. The effect of dietary fibers with different average lengths on the gluten complex of high grade wheat flour was studied. Organoleptic evaluation was made. The shelf life of the product was calculated using the Rancimat-743 device, with extrapolation of the induction time to room temperature and storage. As a result, we obtained a new, physiologically conditioned product having a balanced composition, low caloric content, and low fat content and enriched with dietary fibers and minerals.
Some diagnostic parameters of typical soils on north-eastern slope of the Great Caucasus in Azerbaijan
Authors: Manafova Y. K.
Published: December 2019

The article describes the physical-geographical position, geomorphological, geological, climate and hydrological conditions of the North-Eastern slope of the Great Caucasus. The morphogenetic picture of the typical mountain-forest brown, residual calcareous mountain-forest brown, and mountain grey-brown soil profiles is given. The morphogenetic description of the soil resource horizons in the soil profile was performed according to the WRB system. The modern state of agricultural land was comparatively analyzed by examining principal diagnostic indices. The study was confined to Gusar District of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The geographical coordinates of each soil section were determined. The soil formation conditions were characterized depending on vegetation cover, soil forming rock, slope exposition, and hypsometric level. The soils have been comparatively assessed by humus quality (main indicator of soil fertility), total nitrogen content, pH, calcareous quantity, granulometric composition, and base exchange capacity.
«NEW NOBLEWOMEN» IN ENGLAND OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE XV CENTURY: BETWEEN THE NORM AND REALITY
Authors: Chernova L. N.
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the urgent and poorly known problem of the place and role of women in the English gentry’s community of the first half of the XV century. Using the information from the correspondence of the Armburghs (The Armburgh Papers), the author traces the main stages of Joan Armburgh's life and varieties of her fortune and that of her nieces and finds out how typical they were in accordance with generally accepted ideas about the place and mission of a woman from the gentry’s family. The article shows that the status of a woman was determined by the family and her well-being depended on the relatives - her father and husband. However, this did not exclude the active role of the woman in asserting her rights and interests of the family. The biography of Joan Armburgh and the facts from the life of her nieces, who belonged to the gentry, contradict the idea of weakness and humility of wives in noble families. Difficulties that they had to deal with forced these women to show a surprising for noblewomen activity and persistent desire to defend their interests, relying on their own connections in society and knowledge of law, and on men’s support.
MIGRATION PARADIGM IN GERMANY IN 2000S: CHANGE OF PRIORITIES
Authors: Yakubova L. A.
Published: December 2019

The given paper touches upon the problem of German migration policy in contemporary period. The on-going processes allow us to conclude that the German migration paradigm has been changing as well as one of the most successful states in the European Union and as a state endowed with the greatest peace load after the crisis of 2008. The study gives the main qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the German migration policy in the 2000s. First of all, it is characterized by changes in the geography of migration flows. In 2004, with ten new countries entering the EU, the inflow of migrants from Eastern Europe countries began to increase. During this period, the number of immigrants from Poland has almost doubled. After Bulgaria and Romania joined the EU, the number of people from these countries also increased by more than three times. At the period of 2008 crisis, the inflow of migrants from Italy, Spain, Greece and the Balkan countries intensified; the number of migrants from Croatirapidly increasedafter this country joined the EU in 2013. The author analyzes the qualitative composition of migrants and concludes that, from the beginning of the 21st century, the working migration, having dominated for many decades, is gradually changing in favor of skilled workers’ migration. The important role of universities in order to attract highly qualified specialists is substantiated. The migration impact on the labor market is studied with a special attention. It is due to the fact that, when arriving in the country and getting the opportunity to apply skills and realize their human capital, a migrant becomes a kind of investor in the hosting country economy, contributing to its growth. One of its main advantages is that, already having a certain set of knowledge and skills (the hosting country does not need to pay for his education), he can generate new knowledge, create innovations, thereby increasing the competitiveness of the recipient country economy. Germany has a policy of attracting highly qualified migrants to the country. The paper touches upon the innovations in the migration policy of Germany in the 21st century. A “Blue Card” has been introduced for highly qualified professionals in accordance with the EU directive and labor market regulation has been changed. The need to reduce the number of legal restrictions for migrants from third countries, and to improve attitudes towards migrants, despite the failure of the multiculturalism policy, is indicated too. There are still many obstacles to immigrants’active participation in the labor market, such language difficulties, differences in educational systems, and lack of information about vacancies.
SNP - LABOUR COALITION: A DREAM OR A REALITY?
Authors: Kozlova D. A.
Published: December 2019

This article is an attempt to analyse the collaboration between the Labour and the Scottish nationalists in the context of the formation of the modern British political agenda. The participants of the British political space, being concerned about the questions of the United Kingdom leaving the European Union, inevitably face a number of challenges, and the problem of their internal interaction remains one of the most significant. Opposition parties are at an impasse: the Brexit negotiations seem as good as paralysed. The Prime Minister is being put in a very difficult position: a motion of no confidence in December, the failure of her proposals for the Brexit deal in January. The ruling conservative party itself is deeply divided. Every now and then there are some calls for a second United Kingdom European Union membership referendum. And in that event, to which extent is the opposotion coalition possible - the Labor Party and the Scottish nationalists? And if so, what are its future prospects?
GERMAN POLITICAL PARTIES AS A RESOURCE FOR SOCIAL REFORM IN GERMANY IN THE 70S OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors: Bespalova L. N.
Published: December 2019

The paper analyzes the role of political parties and other political resources in the context of social reform in the German Empire in the 1870s. Not only political parties and movements, but also professional associations, entrepreneurial groups that demonstrate a certain degree of social responsibility are referred to political resources. The indicated period in Reich Chancellor O. Bismarck’s domestic policy was marked by an active search for like-minded people represented by representatives of various political parties, economists, and large industrialists for social reforms development and implementation. It is proved that in search of the all-German social support, O. Bismarck demonstrated the ability to maneuver between political parties and groups, business and other social strata. The study focuses on Reich Chancellor’s strategy was aimed at reducing the severity of political and social problems and creating a social balance between different social strata. The author emphasizes that the head of the German government not only sought to isolate the working class out of the social democracy through social concessions, but also to maintain peace and harmony in new industrial society, open the way to its consolidation, which was supposed to come to stability through social reforms. The author pays particular attention to the structure, organization and influence of the political parties. The study provides the statistical data on the share of voters who voted for the parties and the number of deputy mandates received from the results of general elections, as well as describes various political programs.
KAZAKHS IMAGE EVOLUTION AS A PART OF THE STEPPE REGIONS INTEGRATION INTO THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE
Authors: Gorbunova S. V.
Published: December 2019

The article deals with developing of the Kazakhs image under the influence of changing Russian socio-political environment of the XIXth century. Though the Kazakhs area was nominally a part of the Russian Empire, the Kazakhs were still a serious threat for Russian near-border settlements. It drove to the tensed national relations thus promoting an aggressive and hostile image of the Kazakhs. Later mostly due to boundary conflicts having been arranged and attacks upon the Cossacks having been stopped as well as to closer interpersonal relations having been developed, the negative “barbarian” image of the Kazakhs gave way to a new more positive and attractive one of a little naïve and light-minded, but generous, hospitable, curious, kind and softhearted nation. After The Central Asia was conquered, it had to be completely incorporated into the Russian Empire, and the Kazakhs were treated as the main allies in the process. The further image developing exposed such significant Kazakhs traits as intelligence (they were characterized as “sharp-minded”, “clever”, “curious”), striving for education, seeming religion tolerance (“absence of fanatism”), good-treating the Russians (“Russia favoritism”). All these together held out a hope of the steppe-dwellers easy and quick incorporation into the Russian Empire.
НАГРОМАДЖЕННЯ КАПІТАЛУ ТА ЕКОНОМІЧНЕ ЗРОСТАННЯ У ВІДКРИТІЙ ЕКОНОМІЦІ
Authors: Zhdanova L.
Published: November 2019

Досліджено диспропорції, що виникають у процесі нагромадження капіталу в умовах циклічного розвитку економіки та можливості їх пом'якшення за допомогою чистого експорту. з’ясовано різні наслідки такого коригування диспропорцій та протиріч для розвинутих та слабо розвинутих країн. Показано специфіку нагромадження капіталу в умовах фінансіалізації та віртуалізації економічних процесів, зростаючого потоку різноманітних віддзеркалених форм, в тому числі перетворених і ірраціональних.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ФАКТОРНОГО ВПЛИВУ СТРУКТУРНОЇ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ РЕГІОНУ
Authors: Vahovych I.  , Salivonchyk I.
Published: November 2019

В статті розглянуто основні теорії економічного росту, сформовано визначальні фактори побудови теорій, які можна використати при аналізі взаємодії процесів розвитку й удосконалювання структурної модернізації економіки регіону.
НАПРЯМКИ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ФІНАНСОВО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ МЕХАНІЗМІВ РОЗВИТКУ ЖИТЛОВОГО БУДІВНИЦТВА В РЕГІОНАХ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Zablotska I.
Published: November 2019

В статті розкрито проблеми фінансування розвитку житлового будівництва в регіонах України. Узагальнено напрямки покращення використання фінансово-економічних механізмів розвитку житлового будівництва в регіонах України. Розкрито організаційні засади формування стратегії фінансово-економічного забезпечення розвитку житлового будівництва в регіонах. Рекомендовано механізм запровадження комбінованого фінансування розвитку житлового будівництва в регіонах. Запропоновано державно-приватне партнерство як інструмент забезпечення розвитку житлового будівництва в регіонах.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНЕ ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ НОВОЇ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ
Authors: Zakharchenko V.
Published: November 2019

У статті викладено основні цілі, напрями, принципи та механізми реалізації регіональної політики на різних етапах її розвитку. Показано необхідність та розкрито особливості проведення регіональної політики на засадах парадигми нового регіоналізму. Виокремлено основні напрями нової регіональної політики в Україні, які зводяться до міжрегіональної інтеграції в межах національної держави, подолання асиметрії в рівнях розвитку регіонів, планування та регулювання розвитку територій, адаптації регіонів до умов глобалізації та підвищення регіональної конкурентоспроможності.
ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ПЕРСОНАЛУ У СФЕРІ СІЛЬСЬКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА РЕГІОНУ
Authors: Shubalyi O.M., Kosinskyi P.M.
Published: November 2019

У статті проведено оцінку ефективності використання персоналу у сфері сільського господарства  у Волинській області.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ РОЗРОБКИ СТРАТЕГІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ГОТЕЛЬНО-РЕСТОРАННОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Mylko I.
Published: November 2019

У статті розглянуто загальні аспекти розробки стратегії розвитку готельно-ресторанного комплексу України. Розглянуто готельно-ресторанний комплекс як важливий елемент сфери послуг. Пояснено співвідношення індустрії туризму та індустрії гостинності. Запропоновано схему основних складових управління підприємствами готельно-ресторанного комплексу. Запропоновано визначення управління підприємствами готельно-ресторанного комплексу. Розглянуто сучасні тенденції розвитку всесвітнього готельно-ресторанного комплексу. Сформовано місію готельно-ресторанного комплексу країни, уточнено цілі, пріоритети і завдання діяльності. Визначено поняття «стратегія» розвитку готельно-ресторанного комплексу. У статті побудована SWOT-матрицю підприємств готельно-ресторанного комплексу країни. Визначено принципи стратегічного планування. Запропоновано структуру стратегії розвитку готельно-ресторанного комплекса країни.
УПРАВЛІННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЮ ПРОДУКЦІЇ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В РИНКОВИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Bitov V.,  Kadebskaya E.
Published: November 2019

У публікації розглянуто роль і значення конкуренції та  управління  конкурентоспроможністю продукції підприємств в умовах ринку, що  є сьогодні досить актуальним і своєчасним. Обрана тема публікації полягає у тому, що через підвищення менеджменту  конкурентоспроможністю українських підприємств дає можливість значно збільшити сегмент обсягу виробництва та  реалізації продукції та послуг як на зовнішньому так і на внутрішньому ринку. У даній публікації охарактеризовано окремі види конкуренції та їх дієвість і значення, а також виділено основні   напрямки цілеспрямованої    діяльності, які передбачають застосування нових підходів і форм щодо менеджменту, як дієвої форми управління конкурентоспроможністю підприємств в ринкових умовах.  Запропоновано також окремі механізми розрахунку щодо забезпечення можливості підвищення конкурентоспроможності, що сприятиме ефективному розвитку підприємств в умовах ринку.
УПРАВЛІННЯ ГРОШОВИМИ ПОТОКАМИ: СЕГМЕНТ ФІНАНСОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ АГРАРНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Buriak A., Demianenko I.
Published: November 2019

У публікації розглянуто методологічні аспекти використання грошового потоку в ролі індикатора фінансової спроможності і критерію оцінки ефективності аграрного бізнесу та фінансового його стану. Здійснено огляд інформаційної змістовності діючої фінансової звітності аграрних підприємств як бази формування сегменту фінансової політики управління грошовими потоками в цілях прийняття конструктивних рішень.
АНАЛІЗ ПІДХОДІВ ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПОНЯТТЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Voronina V., Spingar R.
Published: November 2019

У статті проведено семантичний аналіз сутності поняття «економічна безпека», що дозволило поєднати два поняття: «економічний» та «безпека». Сформовано перелік характеристик, які використовуються вченими в ході визначення поняття «економічна безпека». Встановлено, що такими характеристиками є: забезпечення стійкого зростання; виживання системи; задоволення потреб; захист інтересів; ефективне управління; зміцнення потенціалу; подолання загроз і забезпечення стійкості до них; стабільне функціонування; збереження існуючого статусу; максимізація віддачі; спроможність до самовідтворення; протистояння впливу чинників; забезпечення конкурентоспроможності. Отримані результати дають змогу поглибити та розширити теоретико-методичні основи оцінки рівня економічної безпеки підприємств.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ОСНОВИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНИМ РОЗВИТКОМ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ НА ПРИНЦИПАХ ГАРМОНІЙНОСТІ
Authors: Dorofyeyev O., Shelkovskyi V., Letyk A.
Published: December 2019

У статті розглянуто історичні аспекти виникнення криз аграрного виробництва. Зроблено припущення, що аграрна криза є свідченням порушення економічних пропорцій в системі аграрного виробництва. Взаємозв’язок і співвідношення певних показників економічної діяльності підприємств має відбуватися із дотриманням пропорцій у процесі зміни стану системи.  Мова йде не про встановлення оптимальних значень показників, а про управління економічним розвитком сільськогосподарських підприємств та забезпечення їх ефективного функціонування у довгостроковому періоді на принципах гармонійності.
НАПРЯМИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ІННОВАЦІЯМИ У СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ
Authors: Diachkov D., Prostak O., Tenyanko A.
Published: December 2019

В статі охарактеризовано залежність сталого розвитку підприємств агропродовольчої сфери від результативності розробки, освоєння та поширення нововведень. Визначено найбільш загальну та  широковживану класифікацію інновацій в агропродовольчій сфері за предметом та сферою застосування, відповідно до якої визначено чотири їх типи: селекційно-генетичні,  виробничі, організаційно-управлінські та економічні, соціально-екологічні. Зважаючи на зазначені типи інновацій, охарактеризовано пріоритетні напрями активізації інноваційної діяльності в агропродовольчій сфері. Розроблено схему організаційно-економічного механізму інноваційного розвитку агропродовольчої сфери, основними складовими якого є: організаційно-економічна, інституційна, інструментальна, нормативно-правова, методична, соціально-психологічна та фінансово-економічна. Запропоновані стратегічні напрями підвищення ефективності управління інноваціями на сільськогосподарських підприємствах.
ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ СПІВПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ З ПРОВІДНИМИ МІЖНАРОДНИМИ КРЕДИТНИМИ ІНСТИТУТАМИ
Authors: Halaziuk N.
Published: November 2019

У статті досліджено основні аспекти співпраці України з міжнародними кредитними інститутами. Зроблено аналіз реалізації наданих кредитних ресурсів провідних міжнародних кредитних інститутів, досліджені основні стратегічні програми співробітництва України з міжнародними фінансовими організаціями.
ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА: ЕКОНОМІЧНА СУТНІСТЬ ТА МЕТОДИКА ОЦІНКИ
Authors: Kovalska L.
Published: December 2019

У статті проведено дослідження сутнісної характеристики поняття «підприємницький потенціал». Виділено три підходи до сутнісної характеристики підприємницького потенціалу підприємства: як сукупність ресурсів та здатність їх трансформувати у результат; як індивідуальні характеристики підприємця; як сукупність бізнес-ідей. Подано авторське бачення змісту поняття «підприємницький потенціал» підприємства. Подано авторський підхід до структуризації підприємницького потенціалу підприємства, який включає ресурсний потенціал, інтелектуальний потенціал та інноваційний потенціал. Розроблено методику аналізу та оцінки підприємницького потенціалу підприємства. Наведено характеристику етапів методики аналізу та оцінки підприємницького потенціалу підприємства.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ СИМПТОМАТИЧНОЇ ДІАГНОСТИКИ ЕКСПОРТНО-ІМПОРТНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Kryvovyazyuk I., Strilchuk R.
Published: December 2019

В статті набули подальшого розвитку теоретико-методологічні засади здійснення симптоматичної діагностики експортно-імпортної діяльності підприємства. Розроблено концептуальну модель симптоматичної діагностики експортно-імпортної діяльності підприємства, яка спрямована на усунення її негативних симптомів за допомогою використання логіко-формалізованих методів, розробки комплексу заходів і обґрунтування проектних рішень для вирішення завдань симптоматичної діагностики. Удосконалено методику здійснення симптоматичної діагностики експортно-імпортної діяльності підприємства, яка передбачає виявлення негативних симптомів, їх детальний опис та розробку напрямків уникнення їх негативного впливу на результати експортно-імпортної діяльності.