bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Effect of Urban Growth on Surface Ecological Status Using Multi-Temporal Satellite Imagery: A Multi-City Analysis
Authors: Karimi Firozjaei Mohammad , Mijani Naeim , Nadizadeh Shorabeh Saman , Kazemi Yasin , Ebrahimian Ghajari Yasser , Jokar Arsanjani Jamal , Kiavarz Majid , Alavipanah Seyed Kazem
Published: October 2023

Quantification of Surface Ecological Status (SES) changes is of great importance for understanding human exposure and adaptability to the environment. This study aims to assess the effect of urban growth on spatial and temporal changes of SES over a set of neighboring Iranian cities, Amol, Babol, Qaemshahr, and Sari, which are located in moderate and humid climate conditions. Firstly, the built-up footprint was prepared using Landsat images based on the Automatic Built-up Extraction Index (ABEI). Then, the surface biophysical characteristics were calculated. Secondly, the SES was modeled using the Remotely Sensed Ecological Index (RSEI), and the spatio-temporal changes of the SES were evaluated. The results revealed that the average RSEI for these cities increased from 0.48, 0.51, 0.53, and 0.55 in 1986 to 0.69, 0.77, 0.75, and 0.78 in 2022, respectively. The proportion of the poor ecological condition class in these cities rose from 10%, 3%, 5%, and 1% to 74%, 64%, 54%, and 41% during the 1986–2022 period. Our findings indicate that the SES of these cities significantly decreased while they experienced large physical growth. The findings and the methodical approach of the study provide a data-driven approach for monitoring SES in fast growing regions, which is required for studying the impact of climate change on society.
Cost-Sensitive Models to Predict Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Groccia Maria Carmela , Guido Rosita , Conforti Domenico , Pelaia Corrado , Armentaro Giuseppe , Toscani Alfredo Francesco , Miceli Sofia , Succurro Elena , Hribal Marta Letizia , Sciacqua Angela
Published: October 2023

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a clinical syndrome characterised by symptoms and signs due to structural and/or functional abnormalities of the heart. CHF confers risk for cardiovascular deterioration events which cause recurrent hospitalisations and high mortality rates. The early prediction of these events is very important to limit serious consequences, improve the quality of care, and reduce its burden. CHF is a progressive condition in which patients may remain asymptomatic before the onset of symptoms, as observed in heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. The early detection of underlying causes is critical for treatment optimisation and prognosis improvement. To develop models to predict cardiovascular deterioration events in patients with chronic heart failure, a real dataset was constructed and a knowledge discovery task was implemented in this study. The dataset is imbalanced, as it is common in real-world applications. It thus posed a challenge because imbalanced datasets tend to be overwhelmed by the abundance of majority-class instances during the learning process. To address the issue, a pipeline was developed specifically to handle imbalanced data. Different predictive models were developed and compared. To enhance sensitivity and other performance metrics, we employed multiple approaches, including data resampling, cost-sensitive methods, and a hybrid method that combines both techniques. These methods were utilised to assess the predictive capabilities of the models and their effectiveness in handling imbalanced data. By using these metrics, we aimed to identify the most effective strategies for achieving improved model performance in real scenarios with imbalanced datasets. The best model for predicting cardiovascular events achieved mean a sensitivity 65%, a mean specificity 55%, and a mean area under the curve of 0.71. The results show that cost-sensitive models combined with over/under sampling approaches are effective for the meaningful prediction of cardiovascular events in CHF patients.
Utilizing Industrial By-Products for Sustainable Three-Dimensional-Printed Infrastructure Applications: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kurniati Eka Oktavia , Kim Hee-Jeong
Published: October 2023

Industrial secondary products (e.g., fly ash, blast furnace slag, and silica fume) have found extensive application as alternative construction materials in conventional manufacturing methods to reduce carbon emissions due to cement usage and solve the waste management problem. To date, additive manufacturing or 3D printing has been massively developed for every material, including cement-based materials. Some possibilities have arisen to incorporate industrial wastes in cement mixtures in 3D printing applications. However, a comprehensive study about fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS), and silica fume (SF) usage in 3D-printed materials needs to be conducted. This paper shows that some aspects of 3D printing, such as printability, buildability, and rheological properties, need to be considered, and waste materials affect these fresh mixture properties. Applying waste materials as supplementary cementitious materials also gives different mechanical properties and durability performances. Furthermore, the environmental and economic benefits of 3D-printed and conventional materials are compared. The results show that 3D printing methods can enhance the environmental and economic benefits while maintaining the performance of materials created using traditional methods. Studying industrial waste application in 3D printing has become a promising way to develop sustainable materials in this digitalization era.
Ocular Surface Microbiota in Naïve Keratoconus: A Multicenter Validation Study
Authors: Rocha-de-Lossada Carlos , Mazzotta Cosimo , Gabrielli Federico , Papa Filomena Tiziana , Gómez-Huertas Carmen , García-López Celia , Urbinati Facundo , Rachwani-Anil Rahul , García-Lorente María , Sánchez-González José-María , Rechichi Miguel , Rubegni Giovanni , Borroni Davide
Published: October 2023

In the field of Ophthalmology, the mNGS 16S rRNA sequencing method of studying the microbiota and ocular microbiome is gaining more and more weight in the scientific community. This study aims to characterize the ocular microbiota of patients diagnosed with keratoconus who have not undergone any prior surgical treatment using the mNGS 16S rRNA sequencing method. Samples of naïve keratoconus patients were collected with an eNAT with 1 mL of Liquid Amies Medium (Copan Brescia, Italy), and DNA was extracted and analyzed with 16S NGS. The microbiota analysis showed a relative abundance of microorganisms at the phylum level in each sample collected from 38 patients with KC and 167 healthy controls. A comparison between healthy control and keratoconus samples identified two genera unique to keratoconus, Pelomonas and Ralstonia. Our findings suggest that alterations in the microbiota may play a role in the complex scenario of KC development.
Efficacy of Insulin Titration Driven by SMS in Improving Glycemic Control in People with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ortiz-Zúñiga Ángel , Simó-Servat Olga , Amigó Judit , Sánchez Mónica , Morer Carla , Franch-Nadal Josep , Mayor Regina , Snel Tim , Simó Rafael , Hernández Cristina
Published: October 2023

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of the self-management of insulin titration based on information received by the Short Message Service (SMS). Methods: A case-control study including 59 subjects in each arm with 16 weeks of follow-up was performed. The inclusion criteria were: (1) Subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) under basal insulin treatment; (2) Suboptimal glycemic control: HbA1c ≥ 7.5% and fasting capillary blood glucose (FCBG) > 140 mg/dL (>3 times per week). Subjects were invited to use an insulin titration service based on SMS feedback aimed at optimizing glycemic control depending on fasting blood glucose levels. Psychological aspects were evaluated in the interventional group by means of validated questionnaires (DDS, HADS and SF-12). Results: The intervention group achieved a lower mean FCBG (126 mg/dL ± 34 vs. 149 mg/dL ± 46, p = 0.001) and lower HbA1c (7.5% ± 1.3 vs. 7.9% ± 0.9, p = 0.021) than the control group. In addition, the intervention group showed a significant improvement in psychological aspects related to Emotional Burden (p = 0.031), Regimen Distress (p < 0.001), Depression (p = 0.049) and Mental Health (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The SMS-guided titration was effective in terms of improving glucometric parameters in comparison with the standard of care and improved significant psychological aspects—mainly, the stress associated with insulin treatment
Al2O3-Phosphate Bioceramic Fabrication via Spark Plasma Sintering-Reactive Synthesis: In Vivo and Microbiological Investigation
Authors: Papynov Evgeniy , Shichalin Oleg , Apanasevich Vladimir , Plekhova Nataliya , Belov Anton , Buravlev Igor , Portnyagin Arseny , Mayorov Vitaliy , Skurikhina Yuliya , Fedorets Alexander , Buravleva Anastasiya , Gridasova Ekaterina , Shi Yun
Published: October 2023

This research introduces a method to enhance the biocompatibility of bioinert Al2O3-based ceramics by incorporating calcium phosphates (hydroxyapatite (HAp) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP)) into alumina via spark plasma sintering-reactive sintering (SPS-RS). TGA/DTG/DTA and XRD revealed phase formation of HAp and TCP and determined the main temperature points of solid-phase reactions occurring in situ during the sintering of the CaO-CaHPO4 mixture within the volume of Al2O3 under SPS-RS conditions in the range of 900–1200 °C. SEM, EDX, low temperature, and nitrogen physisorption were used to monitor changes in the morphology, structure, and elemental composition of bioceramics. Structural meso- and macroporosity, with a mean mesopore size of 10 nm, were revealed in the ceramic volume, while sintering temperature was shown to play a destructive role towards the porous inorganic framework. The physico-chemical characterization demonstrated increased relative density (up to 95.1%), compressive strength (640 MPa and above), and Vickers microhardness (up to 700 HV) depending on the HAp and TCP content and sintering temperature. Four bioceramic samples with different contents of HAP (20 and 50 wt.%) were bio-tested in in vivo models. The samples were implanted into the soft tissues under the superficial fascia of the thorax of a laboratory animal (a New Zealand White rabbit, female) in the area of the trapezius muscle and the broadest muscle of the back. Based on the results of the assessment of the surrounding tissue reaction, the absence of specific inflammation, necrosis, and tumor formation in the tissues during the implantation period of 90 days was proven. Microbial tests and dynamics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial film formation on bioceramic surfaces were studied with respect to HAp content (20 and 50 wt.%) and holding time (18, 24, and 48 h) in the feed medium.
Enhanced UV-Blocking Capabilities of Polylactic Acid Derived from Renewable Resources for Food and Drug Packaging: A Mini-Review
Authors: Ran Xiaxuan , Qu Yunzhuo , Wang Yijie , Cui Bowen , Shen Yushan , Li Yuanzhe
Published: October 2023

Plastic materials have revolutionized modern life, particularly in the domain of food packaging, owing to their versatility, lightweight nature, and ease of processing. However, the environmental ramifications of non-degradable plastics have raised concerns. Polylactic acid (PLA), derived from renewable sources, represents a sustainable alternative due to its biodegradability and exceptional barrier, mechanical, and safety properties. Nevertheless, the high UV transmittance of PLA limits its use for photosensitive food and pharmaceutical packaging, where UV radiation can lead to nutritional loss and spoilage. Various methods have been explored to enhance the UV-blocking capabilities of PLA, including the integration of inorganic nanoparticles and surface coatings. Despite advancements, these approaches often compromise the inherent transparency of PLA. Incorporating large conjugated groups can maintain transparency but introduces additional challenges. This paper reviews modification methods to enhance PLA’s UV-barrier properties and anticipates its expanded utility in food and drug packaging, promoting UV resistance and diversifying PLA’s applications.
Study of the Structural, Electrical, and Mechanical Properties and Morphological Features of Y-Doped CeO2 Ceramics with Porous Structure
Authors: Shakirzyanov Rafael I. , Volodina Natalia O. , Kozlovskiy Artem L. , Zdorovets Maxim V. , Shlimas Dmitriy I. , Borgekov Daryn B. , Garanin Yuriy A.
Published: October 2023

In this work, ceramic samples of cerium oxide doped with yttrium were investigated. The concentration of a dopant Y(NO3)3 varied from 5 to 25 wt% in the initial charge. In the course of the experiment, a simple method was developed to obtain ceramics with a porosity of ~20% via one-step annealing in air in a muffle furnace. For comparison, samples with two annealings were also synthesized to determine the effects of pores on electrical, structural, and mechanical characteristics. The obtained samples were examined via X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, dielectric spectroscopy, and Vickers microhardness measurements. The substitution of Ce4+ ions with Y3+ ions led to a significant decrease in the lattice parameter, average crystallite size, and average grain size, with a simultaneous increase in the lattice defectivity, dielectric constant, electrical conductivity, and microhardness values. It is shown that samples with a dopant weight fraction of 0.05–0.15 and one-step annealing have favorable electrical and mechanical characteristics for energy applications as porous materials with ionic conductivity.
The Effects of Process Parameters on the Porosity of a VBO Prepreg/Fiber-Interleaved Layup Composite
Authors: Sheu Yu-Wen , Young Wen-Bin
Published: October 2023

This research aimed to explore the porosity characteristics of a “hybrid” layup composite; this involved combining a fully impregnated prepreg and a dry fiber fabric via the the vacuum-bag-only (VBO) manufacturing process to create unidirectional carbon-fiber laminates sized at 15 × 15 cm². This investigation delved into several VBO process parameters encompassing the debulking technique, curing cycle, laminate saturation index, and thickness. The primary goal was to comprehend how these factors impacted the porosity levels within the laminate. Elevating the dwelling temperature during the curing cycle, employing a saturation index beyond 1.57, and utilizing thicker laminates emerged as strategies for decreasing the void content in the laminate. By implementing the optimal parameters identified through this research, we produced composite laminates that exhibited a substantial reduction in porosity. Furthermore, the study extended to modifying the two-stage curing cycle into a multi-stage cure cycle. This modification provided evidence that the incorporation of more dwell stages contributed to a further reduction in porosity. This study also featured a comparative analysis involving two types of laminates: one with prepreg fibers oriented at 0° and dry fibers oriented at 90° and another laminate with a sole 0° layup using a combination of prepreg and dry fibers. The findings suggest that the cross-layup allowed the prepreg fibers to conform more effectively to the protruding weft, thus eliminating voids induced by the weft. In conclusion, this research underscores the potential for a significant reduction in porosity within hybrid layup composites manufactured using the VBO process.
Acoustic Characteristics of Largehead Hairtail (Trichiurus japonicus) Using Multi-Frequency Detection in the Southern Sea, South Korea
Authors: Lee Hyungbeen , Yoon Euna , Lee Seungjong , Lee Jeonghoon
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the acoustic characteristics of largehead hairtails (Trichiurus japonicus) in the Southern Sea of South Korea from April 2022, using 18, 38, 70, 120, and 200 kHz split-beam echosounders. At two stations, juvenile (preanal length: 3.2 cm–5.8 cm) and immature (preanal length: 13.0 cm–26.0 cm) hairtails were caught by midwater trawling. Juvenile hairtails were distributed in layers without forming schools, while immature hairtails were detected as forming small, clustered schools. The mean volume backscattering strength (MVBS) of immature hairtails was more than 20 dB stronger than that of juvenile hairtails at both the 38 kHz and 120 kHz detection frequencies. Furthermore, the SV of juvenile and immature hairtails was high at 18 kHz and decreased as the frequency increased. We concluded that juvenile and immature hairtails can be distinguished according to their morphological characteristics because the distribution characteristics detected in the echograms differed according to their growth stage. Finally, these findings hold remarkable potential for applications within the field of hairtail identification. Acoustic backscatter information, as presented, offers valuable insights into age determination in this fish species.
Deformation Characteristics of Pipelines Due to Adjacent Excavation in Riprap Reclamation Strata
Authors: Bao Xiaohua , Liu Chunxun , Li Lijuan , Shen Jun , Pan Jihao , Dong Qijun , Chen Xiangsheng
Published: October 2023

The Shenzhen Ma Wan area has special geotechnical conditions, with more than 50% of the area being reclaimed rock formations. Riprap reclamation strata are particularly susceptible to significant deformation upon stress release. To comprehensively comprehend the reaction of existing pipelines to the excavation of an adjacent deep foundation pit within the riprap reclamation strata, an interaction of the soil–pipeline was conducted by encompassing both scaled model tests and numerical simulations based on a cross-sea channel project. Firstly, scaled model tests were performed on a soil–pipeline interaction caused by excavation. Subsequently, the numerical model was verified by comparing the numerical simulation results with the scaled model test results. Then, the internal force, strain of the pipeline, and soil surface deformation under the conditions of a soil layer with riprap were analyzed, and the results were compared with the case without riprap. Finally, the influence of the support structures was analyzed. The results indicated that the presence of the riprap in strata led to a 19% increase in vertical displacement of the ground surface and a 35% increase in the pipeline bending moment compared with the case without riprap in the same strata. The maximum internal force and strain occurred at an inclined angle of 45° in the pipeline section. Furthermore, it was found that the first lateral support after excavation played a pivotal role in controlling the overall deformation of the foundation pit. The changes in stiffness in the lateral support were more sensitive to the horizontal displacement than the vertical displacement of the pipeline. The results provide valuable insights for the design and safety evaluation of engineering projects in riprap reclamation strata.
Pain Assessment Using the Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kim Min Kyoung , Choi Geun Joo , Oh Kyung Seo , Lee Sang Phil , Kang Hyun
Published: October 2023

The analgesia nociception index (ANI) has emerged as a potential measurement for objective pain assessment during general anesthesia. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of ANI in assessing intra- and post-operative pain in patients undergoing general anesthesia. We conducted a comprehensive search of Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar, public clinical trial databases (ClinicalTrials and Clinical Research Information Service), and OpenSIGLE to identify relevant studies published prior to May 2023 and included studies that evaluated the accuracy and effectiveness of ANI for intra- or post-operative pain assessment during general anesthesia. Among the 962 studies identified, 30 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review, and 17 were included in the meta-analysis. For predicting intra-operative pain, pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under curve of ANI were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.79–0.83; I2 = 68.2%), 0.93 (95% CI = 0.92–0.93; I2 = 99.8%), 2.32 (95% CI = 1.33–3.30; I2 = 61.7%), and 0.77 (95% CI = 0.76–0.78; I2 = 87.4%), respectively. ANI values and changes in intra-operative hemodynamic variables showed statistically significant correlations. For predicting post-operative pain, pooled sensitivity, specificity, and DOR of ANI were 0.90 (95% CI = 0.87–0.93; I2 = 58.7%), 0.51 (95% CI = 0.49–0.52; I2 = 99.9%), and 3.38 (95% CI = 2.87–3.88; I2 = 81.2%), respectively. ANI monitoring in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia is a valuable measurement for predicting intra- and post-operative pain. It reduces the use of intra-operative opioids and aids in pain management throughout the perioperative period.
Simultaneous Bilateral Cochlear Implantation in Adults
Authors: Fatani Nawaf , Hamed Nezar , Hagr Abdulrahman
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study is to review our experience with simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation (BiCI) in adults, and assess its feasibility. This could shorten the time required to regain binaural hearing, prevent social isolation, and potentially eliminate the need for hearing aids, as seen with sequential BiCI. A retrospective study was conducted involving adult patients who received simultaneous BiCI at our center between 2010 and 2023. The feasibility of simultaneous BiCI was assessed through postoperative clinical evaluations, outpatient visits, discharge status, and the acceptance of device fitting. Twenty-seven patients underwent simultaneous BiCIs. Their mean age was 37 years, comprising 59.3% males and 40.7% females. Out of the included patients, 51.9% had childhood-onset hearing loss, while 29.6% developed hearing loss later in life. Causes of hearing loss included meningitis 7.4%, trauma 11.1%, non-specific high-grade fever 11.1%, and Brucellosis infection 3.7%. Labyrinthine ossificans (LO) was present in 7.4%, and retrofenestral otospongiosis in 3.7%. The post-operative period and initial outpatient visit were uneventful for 88.8% and 81.5% of patients, respectively. Intraoperative complications were absent in 96.2% of cases. Simultaneous BiCI is feasible in adults without major intraoperative complications or troublesome recovery periods, offering potential benefits by reducing the number of surgeries and hospital admissions compared to the sequential method.
Hospital Costing Methods: Four Decades of Literature Review
Authors: Marques Isabel C. P. , Alves Maria-Ceu
Published: October 2023

This study aims to identify and classify the costing methods used in hospitals in recent decades and to analyze the research carried out in this area, to identify and characterize the main lines of research and the research paradigms used. To this end, a systematic literature review was carried out, mapping 1067 articles collected from the ISI Web of Science and Scopus databases. The articles were selected by two independent researchers. To ensure the quality of the SLR, AMSTAR 2 was used as well as matrices for quantitative studies, and for qualitative articles. Additionally, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) systematic review process was followed to systematize the article selection process. Of the 1067 articles screened, 172 articles met the inclusion criteria. The results point to a growing interest among researchers and a predominance of the positive paradigm, albeit with an increase in interpretative research. There is a growing production of descriptive analyses of hospital processes and the costing of pathologies, with a predominance of the ABC method and analyses of costs and reimbursements for diagnosis-related groups. As a contribution, a conceptual model is proposed that aims to help the performance of hospital institutions, as well as a proposal for a future agenda based on this model.
Managing Urban Green Areas: The Benefits of Collaborative Governance for Green Spaces
Authors: Casprini Danny , Oppio Alessandra , Rossi Giulia , Bengo Irene
Published: October 2023

Urbanisation has had an impact on people’s livelihoods, and on social infrastructures as well as on the consumption of resources. In the last century, we have witnessed many transformations at the urban scale that in many cases led to the commodification and enclosure of public areas and, especially, green areas. With the turn of the millennium and following the adoption of the UN Agenda 2030, the trend has been partially reverted and cities in Europe are becoming progressively greener, although the phenomenon do not always bring positive societal outcomes and it is not able to re-distribute benefits among community members, promoting unequal access to green areas. Instead, in many cases the so-called green gentrification phenomenon has been identified as a primary societal challenge connected with urban regeneration projects. Building on this, the paper aims to find an answer to the question of whether or not the governance model adopted for urban green areas influences how benefits connected with ecosystem services are perceived by stakeholders and re-distributed at the community level. Based on the gaps highlighted in the theoretical background and direct observation of Biblioteca degli Alberi Milano (BAM), a recently developed urban park in Milan, an analytical framework was developed and tested. The results allow us to identify innovative practices for the management of green areas capable of maximising ecosystem services’ benefits beyond the intervention area. This will support the adaptability, replicability, and scalability of these initiatives while providing effective tools for practitioners and planners when developing a collaborative management model for urban green areas.
Depressive Disorders, Cognitive and Physical Function of Older People in Early Dementia Detection
Authors: Pietrzak Beata , Kujawa Jolanta , Lipert Anna
Published: October 2023

Background: Aging is associated with cognitive decline, leading to cognitive and physical impairments, which are risk factors for loss of independence and dementia development. Early diagnosis is beneficial for both, the patient and their family, to avoid long-term consequences. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of depressive disorders and their influence on cognitive and physical function of older people in early dementia detection. Methods: There were 852 patients, aged at least 60 years, from the Central Teaching Hospital. The study was conducted between September 2022 and June 2023. The qualified participants were examined using four tools: Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Schulman’s Clock-Drawing Test. Results: Over one-third had depressive disorders. A relationship with p < 0.05 was observed between GDS and IADL: r = −0.61. A relationship with p > 0.05 was observed between GDS and TUG: r = −024. A relationship with p < 0.05 was observed between GDS and CDT: r = 0.74. Conclusions: The first signs of depressive disorders in older people may be considered an indication for further diagnosis of dementia.
6-Nitrodopamine Is the Most Potent Endogenous Positive Inotropic Agent in the Isolated Rat Heart
Authors: Britto-Júnior José , Medeiros-Teixeira Lincoln Rangel , Lima Antonio Tiago , Dassow Letícia Costa , Lopes-Martins Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão , Campos Rafael , Moraes Manoel Odorico , Moraes Maria Elisabete A. , Antunes Edson , De Nucci Gilberto
Published: October 2023

Background: 6-nitrodopamine released from rat isolated atria exerts positive chronotropic action, being more potent than noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine. Here, we determined whether 6-nitrodopamine is released from rat isolated ventricles (RIV) and modulates heart inotropism. Methods: Catecholamines released from RIV were quantified by LC-MS/MS and their effects on heart inotropism were evaluated by measuring left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) in Langendorff’s preparation. Results: 6-nitrodopamine was the major released catecholamine from RIV. Incubation with L-NAME (100 µM), but not with tetrodotoxin (1 µM), caused a significant reduction in 6-nitrodopamine basal release. 6-nitrodopamine release was significantly reduced in ventricles obtained from L-NAME chronically treated animals. 6-nitrodopamine (0.01 pmol) caused significant increases in LVDP and dP/dtmax, whereas dopamine and noradrenaline required 10 pmol, and adrenaline required 100 pmol, to induce similar increases in LVDP and dP/dtmax. The infusion of atenolol (10 nM) reduced basal LVDP and blocked the increases in LVDP induced by 6-ND (0.01 pmol), without affecting the increases in LVDP induced by 10 nmol of dopamine and noradrenaline and that induced by adrenaline (100 nmol). Conclusions: 6-nitrodopamine is the major catecholamine released from rat isolated ventricles. It is 1000 times more potent than dopamine and noradrenaline and is selectively blocked by atenolol, indicating that 6-ND is a main regulator of heart inotropism.
Supply Chain Management: A Structured Narrative Review of Current Challenges and Recommendations for Action
Authors: Jodlbauer Herbert , Brunner Manuel , Bachmann Nadine , Tripathi Shailesh , Thürer Matthias
Published: October 2023

Background: By examining the recent advancements in technology, particularly the transformation of material into digital flows and its impact on customer demands, the aim of this paper is to investigate supply chain management (SCM) by analyzing seven key constructs: uncertainty, perspective, topicality, coordination, flow, job to be done, and connection. These constructs were chosen since they reflect evolving SCM practices that motivate this study. Methods: We conducted a broad, structured narrative review to comprehensively address the extensive SCM literature. This approach allowed us to evaluate the current state of SCM research and offer recommendations for overcoming prevailing challenges. Results: Our findings reveal the significant impact of technological advancements on SCM operations, requiring companies to adapt and remain competitive. We envision future supply chains as dynamic networks of networks, necessitating the adoption of a value architecture concept that extends a firm’s business model to an ecosystem business model. Conclusions: Considering these changes, our study recommends exploiting uncertainty, adopting demand-driven systems, offering on-demand customized services and products, utilizing prescriptive analytics, prioritizing information flows and services, and embracing open systems with high interoperability. Summarizing these opportunities and challenges that arise with changes in SCM provides interesting venues for future research and valuable insights for practitioners.
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Porous Asphalt Mixtures with Sustainable and Recycled Materials: A Cradle-to-Gate Approach
Authors: De Pascale Beatrice , Tataranni Piergiorgio , Bonoli Alessandra , Lantieri Claudio
Published: October 2023

The road and construction sectors consume a large number of natural resources and energy, contributing significantly to waste generation and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). The use of recycled aggregate from construction and demolition waste as a substitute for virgin aggregate is a current practice in the construction of new road sections. Additionally, in recent years, there has been an increasing focus on finding alternatives to bitumen for binders used in asphalt mixes. This study investigates and compares the impacts associated with two porous asphalt mixtures produced with CDW aggregates, virgin aggregates, and a polyolefin-based synthetic transparent binder through an LCA methodology. A cradle-to-gate approach was employed. Model characterization for calculating the potential environmental impacts of each porous asphalt mixture was performed using the ReCipe 2016 assessment method at the midpoint and endpoint levels. The results are presented with reference to a baseline scenario corresponding to a porous asphalt mixture, confirming the benefits associated with the use of recycled aggregates and in some cases the benefits of not using bitumen-based binders. This work contributes to the understanding of the importance of choosing the least environmentally damaging solution during the production or rehabilitation of road pavement infrastructure.
Experimental Validation of the Cementation Mechanism of Wood Pellet Fly Ash Blended Binder in Weathered Granite Soil
Authors: Balagosa Jebie , Lee Min-Jy , Choo Yun-Wook , Kim Ha-Seog , Kim Jin-Man
Published: October 2023

In response to climate change, wood pellets have been increasingly utilized as a sustainable energy source. However, their growing utilization increases the production of wood pellet fly ash (WA) by-products, necessitating alternative recycling technologies due to a shortage of discharging landfills. Thus, this research seeks to utilize WA by developing a new sustainable construction material, called wood pellet fly ash blended binder (WABB), and to validate its stabilizing performance in natural soils, namely weathered granite soil (WS). WABB is made from 50% WA, 30% ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), and 20% cement by dry mass. WS was mixed with 5%, 15%, and 25% WABB and was tested for a series of unconfined compressive strength (qu), pH, and suction tests at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. For the microstructural analyses, XRD, SEM, and EDS were employed. As the WABB dosage rate increased, the average qu increased by 1.88 to 11.77, which was higher than that of compacted WS without any binder. Newly cementitious minerals were also confirmed. These results suggest that the effects of the combined hydration mechanism of WABB are due to cement’s role in facilitating early strength development, GGBS’s latent hydraulic properties, and WA’s capacity to stimulate the alkaline components of WABB and soil grains. Thus, this research validates a new sustainable binder, WABB, as a potential alternative to conventional soil stabilizers.
Entropy-Aware Time-Varying Graph Neural Networks with Generalized Temporal Hawkes Process: Dynamic Link Prediction in the Presence of Node Addition and Deletion
Authors: Najafi Bahareh , Parsaeefard Saeedeh , Leon-Garcia Alberto
Published: October 2023

This paper addresses the problem of learning temporal graph representations, which capture the changing nature of complex evolving networks. Existing approaches mainly focus on adding new nodes and edges to capture dynamic graph structures. However, to achieve more accurate representation of graph evolution, we consider both the addition and deletion of nodes and edges as events. These events occur at irregular time scales and are modeled using temporal point processes. Our goal is to learn the conditional intensity function of the temporal point process to investigate the influence of deletion events on node representation learning for link-level prediction. We incorporate network entropy, a measure of node and edge significance, to capture the effect of node deletion and edge removal in our framework. Additionally, we leveraged the characteristics of a generalized temporal Hawkes process, which considers the inhibitory effects of events where past occurrences can reduce future intensity. This framework enables dynamic representation learning by effectively modeling both addition and deletion events in the temporal graph. To evaluate our approach, we utilize autonomous system graphs, a family of inhomogeneous sparse graphs with instances of node and edge additions and deletions, in a link prediction task. By integrating these enhancements into our framework, we improve the accuracy of dynamic link prediction and enable better understanding of the dynamic evolution of complex networks.
When Federated Learning Meets Watermarking: A Comprehensive Overview of Techniques for Intellectual Property Protection
Authors: Lansari Mohammed , Bellafqira Reda , Kapusta Katarzyna , Thouvenot Vincent , Bettan Olivier , Coatrieux Gouenou
Published: October 2023

Federated learning (FL) is a technique that allows multiple participants to collaboratively train a Deep Neural Network (DNN) without the need to centralize their data. Among other advantages, it comes with privacy-preserving properties, making it attractive for application in sensitive contexts, such as health care or the military. Although the data are not explicitly exchanged, the training procedure requires sharing information about participants’ models. This makes the individual models vulnerable to theft or unauthorized distribution by malicious actors. To address the issue of ownership rights protection in the context of machine learning (ML), DNN watermarking methods have been developed during the last five years. Most existing works have focused on watermarking in a centralized manner, but only a few methods have been designed for FL and its unique constraints. In this paper, we provide an overview of recent advancements in federated learning watermarking, shedding light on the new challenges and opportunities that arise in this field.
Research on the Group Innovation Information-Sharing Strategy of the Industry–University–Research Innovation Alliance Based on an Evolutionary Game
Authors: Tang Qixuan , Wang Chengjun , Feng Tao
Published: October 2023

Based on various factors in information sharing between innovation alliance groups, this paper analyzes innovation information sharing under the influence of various factors and its evolutionary path to provide a reference for the decision-making of innovation information sharing between innovation alliance groups. Firstly, the paper analyzes the main factors influencing alliance group innovation information-sharing behavior. Secondly, based on the evolutionary game theory, an evolutionary game model of innovative information sharing under the cooperative trust degree of group decision-makers is constructed, and the related stable strategies are given. Finally, the sensitivity of innovative information-sharing strategies to key influencing factors is analyzed with the help of actual case data. The results show that a reasonable amount of innovation information sharing and fair profit distribution can improve the innovation information-sharing behavior among the industry–university–research alliance. Considering the trust degree of vertical partners, the alliance group pays more attention to the profit distribution ratio of collaborative innovation of the innovation alliance than the profit amount. When horizontal partner trust is considered, horizontal cooperation trust can promote information sharing among enterprises, universities, and research institutes in the short term but impedes information sharing among groups in the long term.
Enhanced Whale Optimization Algorithm for Improved Transient Electromagnetic Inversion in the Presence of Induced Polarization Effects
Authors: Li Ruiheng , Di Yi , Zuo Qiankun , Tian Hao , Gan Lu
Published: October 2023

The transient electromagnetic (TEM) method is a non-contact technique used to identify underground structures, commonly used in mineral resource exploration. However, the induced polarization (IP) will increase the nonlinearity of TEM inversion, and it is difficult to predict the geoelectric structure from TEM response signals in conventional gradient inversion. We select a heuristic algorithm suitable for nonlinear inversion—a whale optimization algorithm to perform TEM inversion with an IP effect. The inverse framework is optimized by opposition-based learning (OBL) and an adaptive weighted factor (AWF). OBL improves initial population distribution for better global search, while the AWF replaces random operators to balance global and local search, enhancing solution accuracy and ensuring stable convergence. Tests on layered geoelectric models demonstrate that our improved WOA effectively reconstructs geoelectric structures, extracts IP information, and performs robustly in noisy environments. Compared to other nonlinear inversion methods, our proposed approach shows superior convergence and accuracy, effectively extracting IP information from TEM signals, with an error of less than 8%.
Associations of A20, CYLD, Cezanne and JAK2 Genes and Immunophenotype with Psoriasis Susceptibility
Authors: Giang Nguyen Hoang , Lien Nguyen Thi Kim , Trang Do Thi , Huong Pham Thi , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Xuan Nguyen Thi
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disorder and commonly associated with highly noticeable erythematous, thickened and scaly plaques. Deubiquitinase genes, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha protein 3 (TNFAIP3, A20), the cylindromatosis (CYLD) and Cezanne, function as negative regulators of inflammatory response through the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathways. In this study, polymorphisms and expressions of A20, CYLD and Cezanne genes as well as immunophenotype in psoriatic patients were determined. Materials and Methods: In total, 82 patients with psoriasis and 147 healthy individuals with well-characterized clinical profiles were enrolled. Gene polymorphisms were determined by direct DNA sequencing, gene expression profile by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunophenotype by flow cytometry, and the secretion of cytokines and cancer antigen (CA) 125 by enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The inactivation of A20, CYLD and Cezanne and increased levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ and CA 125 was observed in psoriatic patients. Importantly, patients with low A20 expression had significant elevations of triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations and higher numbers of CD13+CD117− and CD19+CD23+ (activated B) cells than those with high A20 expression. Genetic analysis indicated that all rs4495487 SNPs in the JAK2 gene, rs200878487 SNPs in the A20 gene and four SNPs (c.1584-375, c.1584-374, rs1230581026 and p.W433R) in the Cezanne gene were associated with significant risks, while the rs10974947 variant in the JAK2 gene was at reduced risk of psoriasis. Moreover, in the Cezanne gene, p.W433R was predicted to be probably damaging by the Polyphen-2 prediction tool and an AA/CC haplotype was associated with a high risk of psoriasis. In addition, patients with higher CA 125 levels than the clinical cutoff 35 U/mL showed increased levels of IFN-γ than those with normal CA 125 levels. Conclusions: A20 expression was associated with lipid metabolism and the recruitment of CD13+ CD117− and activated B cells into circulation in psoriatic patients. Besides this, the deleterious effect of the p.W433R variant in the Cezanne gene may contribute to the risk of psoriasis.
Antimicrobial Effects of Edible Mixed Herbal Extracts on Oral Microorganisms: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Yun Se-Eun , Choi Byul-Bo ra , Nam Seoul-Hee , Kim Gyoo-Cheon
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives: The oral cavity is inhabited by pathogenic bacteria, whose growth can be inhibited by synthetic oral drugs, including antibiotics and other chemical compounds. Natural antimicrobial substances that elicit fewer negative side effects may serve as alternatives to synthetic agents for long-term use. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of edible mixed herbal extracts on the growth of oral pathogenic bacteria. Materials and Methods: The yield of each herbal extract was as follows: 5% Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq (STB), 10.94% Mentha piperascens (MP), 5.47% Acanthopanax sessiliflorus Seem (AS), and 10.66% Glycyrrhiza uralensis (GU). The herbal extracts used included 0.5 mg/mL STB, 1.5 mg/mL MP, 1.5 mg/mL AS, and 2.0 mg/mL GU. Antimicrobial tests, morphological analyses (using scanning electron microscopy), microbial surface hydrophobicity measurements, and oral malodor reduction tests were performed using each extract. Statistical analyses were performed with IBM® SPSS® (version 24), using paired t-tests. Results: The mixed herbal extracts significantly inhibited the growth of Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis compared to the control (p < 0.001). Scanning electron microscopy results further revealed altered cellular morphology in the groups treated with the mixed herbal extracts. Additionally, the hydrophobicity assay results showed that the mixed herbal extracts reduced the oral adhesion capacities of bacteria (p < 0.001). Administration of the mixed herbal extracts also reduced the levels of volatile sulfur compounds, the main contributors to oral malodor (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Edible mixed herbal extracts can effectively eliminate oral pathogens and may be useful for improving oral health. The herbal extracts used were effective against all species of oral pathogens studied in this report.
Expression, Function and Trafficking of the Human ABCG2 Multidrug Transporter Containing Mutations in an Unstructured Cytoplasmic Loop
Authors: Mózner Orsolya , Zámbó Boglárka , Bartos Zsuzsa , Gergely Anna , Szabó Kata Sára , Jezsó Bálint , Telbisz Ágnes , Várady György , Homolya László , Hegedűs Tamás , Sarkadi Balázs
Published: October 2023

The human ABCG2 multidrug transporter plays a crucial role in the absorption and excretion of xeno- and endobiotics, contributes to cancer drug resistance and the development of gout. In this work, we have analyzed the effects of selected variants, residing in a structurally unresolved cytoplasmic region (a.a. 354–367) of ABCG2 on the function and trafficking of this protein. A cluster of four lysines (K357–360) and the phosphorylation of a threonine (T362) residue in this region have been previously suggested to significantly affect the cellular fate of ABCG2. Here, we report that the naturally occurring K360del variant in human cells increased ABCG2 plasma membrane expression and accelerated cellular trafficking. The variable alanine replacements of the neighboring lysines had no significant effect on transport function, and the apical localization of ABCG2 in polarized cells has not been altered by any of these mutations. Moreover, in contrast to previous reports, we found that the phosphorylation-incompetent T362A, or the phosphorylation-mimicking T362E variants in this loop had no measurable effects on the function or expression of ABCG2. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated an increased mobility of the mutant variants with no major effects on the core structure of the protein. These results may help to decipher the potential role of this unstructured region within this transporter.