bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Ovo Sexing of Chicken Eggs by Virus Spectroscopy
Authors: Fioranelli Massimo , Sepehri Alireza , Roccia Maria Grazia , Rossi Chiara , Vojvodic Petar , Lotti Jacopo , Barygina Victoria , Vojvodic Aleksandra , Wollina Uwe , Tirant Michael , Nguyen Van Thuong , Dimitrijevic Sanja , Sijan Goran , Peric-Hajzler Zorica , Matovic Dusica , Vlaskovic-Jovicevic Tatjana , Lotti Torello
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND: Recently, some new methods for sexing of chicken eggs by fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy through the shell membrane have been proposed. On the other hand, in another investigation, a new virus medical imaging has been suggested.
AIM: In this research, summing over these considerations, a new technique for sexing of chicken eggs by virus spectroscopy through the shell membrane is proposed.
METHODS: (Please, add text …)
RESULTS: (Please, add text …)
CONCLUSION: It is shown that viruses outside the shell of egg can communicate with materials inside it and determine the gender of chick embryo and its evolutions.
Beta Blockers and Melanoma
Authors: Vojvodic Aleksandra , Vojvodic Petar , Vlaskovic-Jovicevic Tatjana , Sijan Goran , Dimitrijevic Sanja , Peric-Hajzler Zorica , Matovic Dusica , Uwe Wollina , Tirant Michael , Nguyen Van Thuong , Fioranelli Massimo , Lotti Torello
Published: November 2019

Understanding the mechanisms of cancer immune-tolerance is one of the most important challenges. Several studies have demonstrated the potential anticarcinogenic effects of beta-blockers, in patients with prostate cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma. At the other side variety of dermatoses may be caused or aggravated by β-blockers-psoriasis, lichen planus-like drug eruptions (LDE), acrocyanosis, alopecia etc.   Beta-blockers have been shown to improve the prognosis of melanoma patients significantly. Propranolol inhibits melanoma by downregulating the tumour angiogenesis but also tumour cell proliferation, invasiveness and local immune suppression. Studies showed that only β3-but, not β2-adrenoceptors, were up-regulated under hypoxia in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and selectively expressed in immune cell sub-populations including Treg, MDSC, and NK. They increased NK and CD8 number and cytotoxicity. Catecholamines may retard melanoma progression and that β-blockers may have unrecognised potential as a therapeutic intervention for melanoma, in the prevention of the growth of melanoma in all stages and as adjuvant therapy with other targeted and immune therapies for melanoma.
Botulin Toxin Use in Scars/Keloids Treatment
Authors: Scala Jacopo , Vojvodic Aleksandra , Vojvodic Petar , Vlaskovic-Jovicevic Tatjana , Peric-Hajzler Zorica , Matovic Dusica , Dimitrijevic Sanja , Vojvodic Jovana , Sijan Goran , Stepic Nenad , Wollina Uwe , Tirant Michael , Nguyen Van Thuong , Fioranelli Massimo , Lotti Torello
Published: November 2019

Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a neurotoxin protein derived from the Clostridium botulinum bacterium that inhibits the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction level whose effects has been used for many years to treat a variety of muscular/neuromuscular conditions and more recently also for cosmetic use.
BTX has experimented in some dermatological conditions which include scar prevention and treatment with good results. The complex mechanism underlying those results is not completely understood but several mechanisms were proposed: release inhibition of different substances like (TGF)-β, substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and glutamate thus modulating cutaneous inflammation and wound healing.
We analysed the published data on BTX off label applications on scars and keloids retrieved from PubMed.
Botulin Toxin Use in Rosacea and Facial Flushing Treatment
Authors: Scala Jacopo , Vojvodic Aleksandra , Vojvodic Petar , Vlaskovic-Jovicevic Tatjana , Peric-Hajzler Zorica , Matovic Dusica , Dimitrijevic Sanja , Vojvodic Jovana , Sijan Goran , Stepic Nenad , Wollina Uwe , Tirant Michael , Nguyen Van Thuong , Fioranelli Masssimo , Lotti Torello
Published: November 2019

Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a neurotoxin derived from the Clostridium botulinum bacterium that inhibits the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction level whose effects has been used for many years to treat a variety of muscular/neuromuscular conditions and more recently also for cosmetic use.
BTX has experimented in some dermatological conditions, which include Rosacea and facial flushing treatment with good results. The complex mechanism underlying those results is not completely understood but was proposed a release inhibition of acetylcholine from peripheral autonomic nerves of the cutaneous vasodilatory system combined with the blockade substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) thus modulating blood vessel dilatation.
We analysed the published data on BTX off label applications rosacea and flushing retrieved from PubMed.
Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) viridiaurantia sp. nov. (Holothuriida, Holothuriidae), a new sea cucumber from the Eastern Pacific Ocean revealed by morphology and DNA barcoding
Authors: Borrero-Pérez Giomar Helena , Vanegas-González María Juliana
Published: December 2019

Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) viridiaurantiasp. nov. is described based on specimens from rocky reefs of northern Chocó in the Colombian Pacific Ocean; however, it also occurs along the Eastern Pacific Ocean from Mexico and Panama. Although specimens from Mexico and Panama were previously identified as Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) hilla Lesson, 1830 the new species is easily distinguished morphologically and via mtDNA. In terms of morphology, the species can be identified by its olive-green background and white-orange papillae and tentacles, larger tentacles with deep indentations and also by larger buttons on the dorsal and ventral body wall, papillae and tube feet; large, thick and rough tentacle rods, and the absence of ossicles in the longitudinal muscles. The new species is included in the subgenus Mertensiothuria considering molecular evidence.
Two new species of the genus Caligus (Crustacea, Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida) from the Sea of Japan, with a note on the establishment of a new species group
Authors: Ohtsuka Susumu , Boxshall Geoffrey A.
Published: December 2019

Two new species of Caligus are described from the Japanese coast of the Sea of Japan. Caligus chinglonglinisp. nov. is based on a male specimen found in a plankton sample, whereas C. kajiisp. nov. was collected from the body surface of the host flathead Platycephalus sp. These two new species can be assigned to a distinct species group, the pseudorhombi group newly named and defined by the morphology of the genital complex in both sexes, and by the structure and armature of legs 2 and 4. The species group so far accommodates 19 species including these two new species. The morphology, host specificity and zoogeography of the species group are discussed herein and keys to species groups of Caligus and to species of the C. pseudorhombi species group are provided.
Waterlings Among Us: Poetry, Intractability, and the Possibilities of Democratic Politics
Authors: Michelson Seth
Published: November 2019

When the Slovenian poet Veno Taufer endeavors in his ekphrastic book of poetry Vodenjaki (1986; Waterlings, 2000) to explore the work of Neolithic sculptors along the Danube River in Lepenski Vir, he excavates and animates for his readership the crucial figure of the Waterling. Carved artfully from stone some 9,000 years ago, these statues, termed “Waterlings” by Taufer, represent hybrid humanoid figures. This hybridity is fundamentally important to the statues because it imbues them with their aesthetic vitality. That is, their affective energy as made material objects derives from the tension between the distinct figurative forms combining to comprise each statue. More deeply, that carefully crafted hybridity also signals the makers’ understanding of the importance of art to mind. These physical renderings of hybridity inspire metaphysical reflection on it. They compel the audience to consider the limits of form(s) and the power of artifice, with each statue encouraging its viewer to reckon how she, too, is a hybrid creature in and of a hybrid world. In other words, the Waterling becomes a metonym for a phenomenology, which this article explores.
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: Not Really a Chivalric Romance
Authors: Jakovljević Mladen M. , Gordić Petković Vladislava S.
Published: November 2019

Medieval English romance Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is unique not only in its form, content and structure, but also in the poet’s skillful use of conventions that play with the reader’s expectations by introducing elements that make the poem exquisitely ambivalent and place it in the fuzzy area where reality and fiction overlap. Although the poem seemingly praises the strength and purity of chivalry and knighthood, it actually subtly criticizes and comments on their failure when practiced outside the court and in real life. This is particularly noticeable when the poem’s symbolism, its hero, and the society he comes from are read against historical context, i.e. as reflections of the realities of medieval life. Accordingly, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight can be read as a poem that praises chivalry and knighthood more by way of commenting on their dissipation than through overt affirmation, as the future of the kingdom, its rulers and society, with its faulty Christian knights, is far from bright, given the cracks and flaws that mar its seemingly glossy façade.
Molièrova Celimena ali neodvisna ženska
Authors: Koloini Diana
Published: November 2019

Celimena v Molièrovi komediji Ljudomrznik je izjemen lik ženske, ki v klasični literaturi predstavlja pravi novum. Konverzacijsko briljantna, duhovita in očarljiva salonska gospa se udejstvuje v družabnem življenju mondene družbe, kjer priteguje številne občudovalce. To svobodo ji omogoča vdovski stan, ki jo je osvobodil patriarhalnega gospodarja, vzbuja pa tudi pomisleke. Še posebej pri protagonistu igre, Alcestu, ki nad uprizorjenim dominira s kritičnim odnosom do sveta. Navkljub ljubezni je kritičen tudi do Celimene, ki domnevno uteleša napake mondene družbe. Njegovi sodbi o Celimenini prilagojenosti, h kateri sodita tudi nezanesljivost in zlaganost, sledi večina tradicionalnih komentarjev, ki jo opredeljujejo kot obrekljivo koketo, s tem pa relativno banalno, nepomembno figuro. V nasprotju s tovrstnim poenostavljanjem je mogoče ugotoviti, da je Celimena kompleksna figura, ki ji Molièrova komedija, tudi fabulativno podrejena njeni zgodbi, namenja veliko pozornost in možnosti, da svoj izraz razvije v različnih dimenzijah. Ob bleščeči duhovitosti v družabnih portretih izkaže kritičen odnos do sodobnikov, v različnih soočenjih izostren odnos do resnice in samoljubja, v celoti pa pronicljivost pogleda na medosebna in družbena razmerja. Prispevek se ukvarja z raziskavo vprašanja, ali Celimena ob nedvomnem zavračanju podreditve, s katero ji grozi Alcest, izkazuje tudi neodvisnost duha, ki je enakovredna njegovi. Celimena je tako lik, ki ponuja bistveno vzporednico Alcestu, po drugi strani pa jo je mogoče vzeti kot paradoksno dvojnico samega Molièra. Presenetljivo je, da jo je feministična kritika docela zanemarila.
Guía de campo post-congreso, 21-24 de Octubre de 2019: Ediacárico y Terreneuviense en los alrededores del Geoparque de la UNESCO Villuercas-Ibores-Jara
Authors: Álvaro J. J. , Jensen S. , Palacios T.
Published: December 2019

Una de las esquinas de los mapas geográficos que enlazan las provincias de Badajoz, Cáceres y Toledo contiene unos afloramientos claves para entender el tránsito Ediacárico-Cámbrico de la Zona Centroibérica. En los núcleos del Anticlinorio Extremeño y de los Anticlinales de Ibor y Valdelacasa afloran el Supergrupo del Alcudiense inferior-Domo Extremeño (donde destacan las diamictitas de la Formación de Orellana), los arrecifes microbianos más espectaculares con Cloudina de la Formación de Villarta y la base paleoicnológica del Cámbrico en la Formación de Arrocampo (las dos últimas formaciones pertenecen al Grupo de Ibor). Los afloramientos que tradicionalmente se consideraban como representantes del límite Precámbrico-Cámbrico y base del piso regional Cordubiense se sitúan en el miembro inferior de la Formación del Pusa, suprayacentes al Grupo de Ibor y considerados actualmente como intra-terreneuvienses.
How well does synovial fluid gram staining correlate with cultures in native joint infections?
Authors: Gbejuade Herbert , Elsakka Mohamed , Cutler Lucy
Published: December 2019

To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Gram staining of synovial fluid aspirated from native joints suspected to be infected, we reviewed results of synovial fluid Gram stain and cultures. The sensitivity and specificity of the synovial Gram stain were then calculated. From the 1067 consecutive synovial fluid samples evaluated, 830 samples fulfilled the set criteria. From these 830 synovial fluid samples, organisms were detected by culture technique in only 100 samples; most of which were Gram-positive bacteria (78%). The other 22% comprised Gram-negative bacteria, Fungi and a mixture of growth. Of these, concomitant Gram stain test revealed sensitivity and specificity of 17.0% and 99.7% respectively. Our study demonstrates that the Gram stain technique has low sensitivity in detecting organisms in presumed native joint infections. Our findings demonstrate that the Gram stain test is an unreliable investigation in diagnosing native joint infections.
‘We see you’ – Sawubona, safe spaces and being human together in South Africa: An ethnographic probe into a fresh expression of church
Authors: Nell Ian A. , Aldous Ben
Published: December 2019

Since the end of apartheid and the advent of democratic elections, South Africa has made great strides, but we still continue, at times, to be unable to practise sawubona. On one level, this is not surprising given our history of separateness. The article asks whether fresh expressions of church, such as the community supper at St Peters in Mowbray, Cape Town, indeed create a space for genuinely ‘seeing’ each other and practicing being human together. The article also explores some of the problems inherent in ethnographic work amongst the poor and the vulnerable by asking whether some types of ethnographic work actually practice a form of epistemic violence and muses upon the idea of the postcolonial gaze and ‘othering’ in ethnography in contexts of poverty in the global South. Can ethnography, in some cases, be a form of academic pornography?
Nasionale dienspligveterane se soeke na afsluiting (closure): ’n Pastorale sorg uitdaging
Authors: Schoeman Roelf , Dreyer Yolanda
Published: December 2019

National conscripts and their quest for closure:A Pastoral challenge. During the apartheid era, young white men were conscripted for military service in the South African Defence Force. After the demise of apartheid, these military veterans became part of the transformation process in the country. They were often not prepared for the emotional and psychological impact of the political, economic and social changes. Many of them found and still find it difficult to take their place among the citizenry of the country. The post-apartheid government provided no support for them to reintegrate into the community or to process the often long-lasting effects of war related trauma and moral injury. For many, this resulted in a lack of healing and closure on a psychological, moral and spiritual level. This article aims to contribute from a pastoral care perspective to the process of healing, closure and reintegration of this specific group. A holistic narrative approach integrates the contextual approach of Charles Gerkin, the philosophical counselling of Daniel Louw and the insights of Neil Anderson with regard to the connection between spirituality and identity. A contextual approach promotes a deeper understanding of the veterans and their needs in the context of their local communities, including faith communities. In these local communities, resources are available and should be utilised. Such a constructive engagement between veterans, local communities and faith communities can contribute to healthier individuals, families and communities as well as to a healthier society. Guidelines for pastoral support of these veterans that can contribute to their social and personal transformation and process of psychological closure are proposed.
What will it take to make a successful administrative professional in the fourth industrial revolution?
Authors: Venter Annette A.J. , Herbst Tessie H.H. , Iwu Chux G.
Published: December 2019

Orientation: The rapid economic developments of the last decade have been driven by the impact of revolutionary developments in information and communication technologies. These technological developments have irreversibly and significantly affected the role of an administrative professional with regard to assimilation, processing and utilisation of information.Research purpose: This study investigates the impact of global and national key drivers of change and transformation on the skills requirements of administrative professionals with the aim of developing a future-focused success profile to enable them to be effective in the new world of work.Motivation for the study: The study is motivated by the personal experience of one of the researchers, and her observation of the impact of technological advances and the necessity for administrative professionals to integrate new skills, knowledge and attitudes into the new world of work.Research approach/design and method: This study followed a mixed methods approach, using both pragmatist and constructivist paradigms. The pragmatist approach provides meaning through the natural work environment of an administrative professional, whilst a constructivist approach is followed to compile a whole-brain success profile. From a sample of 354, a total of 219 responses were received, which represent a response rate of 62%. Data were collected through a visual analogue scale-type questionnaire.Main findings: The findings reveal that the skill requirements for the future success of an administrative professional involve proficiency to function from all quadrants of the whole-brain model.Practical/managerial implications: The curricula of undergraduate qualifications should be adapted to allow for shorter credit-bearing skill modules in line with the latest trends in technology, because the profession of administrative professionals is mainly skill-based. In addition, owing to the focus of the study on the new world of work, the findings could be related to most occupations.Contribution or value-add: This study contributes to the construction of a future-focused whole-brain model, according to the functional skills, essential skills and emerging skills required for optimal effectiveness of administrative professionals in the future-focused world of work.
Ebola virus disease outbreak in Korea: use of a mathematical model and stochastic simulation to estimate risk
Authors: Ko Youngsuk , Lee Seok-Min , Kim Soyoung , Ki Moran , Jung Eunok
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVES: According to the World Health Organization, there have been frequent reports of Ebola virus disease (EVD) since the 2014 EVD pandemic in West Africa. We aim to estimate the outbreak scale when an EVD infected person arrives in Korea.METHODS: Western Africa EVD epidemic mathematical model SEIJR or SEIJQR was modified to create a Korean EVD outbreak model. The expected number of EVD patients and outbreak duration were calculated by stochastic simulation under the scenarios of Best case, Diagnosis delay, and Case missing.RESULTS: The 2,000 trials of stochastic simulation for each scenario demonstrated the following results: The possible median number of patients is 2 and the estimated maximum number is 11 when the government intervention is proceeded immediately right after the first EVD case is confirmed. With a 6-day delay in diagnosis of the first case, the median number of patients becomes 7, and the maximum, 20. If the first case is missed and the government intervention is not activated until 2 cases of secondary infection occur, the median number of patients is estimated at 15, and the maximum, at 35.CONCLUSIONS: Timely and rigorous diagnosis is important to reduce the spreading scale of infection when a new communicable disease is inflowed into Korea. Moreover, it is imperative to strengthen the local surveillance system and diagnostic protocols to avoid missing cases of secondary infection.
Structural Unemployment in Luxembourg
Authors: Gbohoui William
Published: December 2019

This paper combines both micro and macro approaches to identify the drivers of
(un)employment and inactivity in Luxembourg. The young, low-skilled, and non-EU migrants are found to be the most vulnerable groups in the labor market. In addition to skills mismatches, work disincentives embedded in the tax-benefit system constitute a factor explaining structural unemployment. High unemployment of young and low-skilled workers reflects substantial unemployment traps, while disincentives for second earners (respectively the generosity of the pension system) contribute to lower labor market participation of women (respectively seniors). Further reduction of structural unemployment requires better integration of vulnerable groups into the labor market and improved targeting of benefits to make work more rewarding.
In Search of Lost Time
Authors: David Antonio , Gonçalves Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2019

This paper investigates what factors affect the duration of sudden stops in capital flows using quarterly data for a large panel of countries. We find that countries with floating exchange rate regimes tend to experience shorter sudden stop episodes and that fixed exchange rate regimes are associated with longer periods of low output growth following sudden stops. These effects are quantitatively large: having a flexible exchange rate regime increases the probability of exiting the sudden stop state by between 50 to 80 percent. Flexible exchange rate regimes significantly shorten the duration of output decelerations following sudden stops by over 30 percent. Positive variations in terms of trade also abbreviate the duration of sudden stops. In terms of policies, identification is trickier, but the evidence suggests that monetary policy tightening shortens the duration of sudden stops. Changes in capital account restrictions do not seem to matter.
A Quantitative Analysis of Female Employment in Senegal
Authors: Malta Vivian , Martinez Angelica , Mendes Tavares Marina
Published: December 2019

Female-to-male employment in Senegal increased by 14 percentage points between 2006 and 2011. During the same period years of education of the working age population increased 27 percent for females and 13 percent for males, reducing gender gaps in education. In this paper, we quantitatively investigate the impact of this increase in education on female employment in Senegal. To that end, we build an overlapping generations model that captures barriers that women face over their life-cycle. Our main findings are: (i) the improvement in years of education can explain up to 44 percent of the observed increased in female-to-male employment ratio and (ii) the rest can be explained by a decline in the discrimination against women in the labor market.
Machine Learning and Causality
Authors: Tiffin Andrew
Published: December 2019

Machine learning tools are well known for their success in prediction. But prediction is not causation, and causal discovery is at the core of most questions concerning economic policy. Recently, however, the literature has focused more on issues of causality. This paper gently introduces some leading work in this area, using a concrete example—assessing the impact of a hypothetical banking crisis on a country’s growth. By enabling consideration of a rich set of potential nonlinearities, and by allowing individually-tailored policy assessments, machine learning can provide an invaluable complement to the skill set of economists within the Fund and beyond.
Swing Pricing and Fragility in Open-end Mutual Funds
Authors: Jin Dunhong , Kacperczyk Marcin , Kahraman Bige , Suntheim Felix
Published: December 2019

How to prevent runs on open-end mutual funds? In recent years, markets have observed an innovation that changed the way open-end funds are priced. Alternative pricing rules (known as swing pricing) adjust funds’ net asset values to pass on funds’ trading costs to transacting shareholders. Using unique data on investor transactions in U.K. corporate bond funds, we show that swing pricing eliminates the first-mover advantage arising from the traditional pricing rule and significantly reduces redemptions during stress periods. The positive impact of alternative pricing rules on fund flows reverses in calm periods when costs associated with higher tracking error dominate the pricing effect.
On the Substitution of Private and Public Capital in Production
Authors: An Zidong , Kangur Alvar , Papageorgiou Chris
Published: December 2019

Most macroeconomic models assume that aggregate output is generated by a specification for the production function with total physical capital as a key input. Implicitly this assumes that private and public capital stocks are perfect substitutes. In this paper we test this assumption by estimating a nested-CES production function whereas the two types of capital are considered separately along with labor as inputs. The estimation is based on our newly developed dataset on public and private capital stocks for 151 countries over a period of 1960-2014 consistent with Penn World Table version 9. We find evidence against perfect substitutability between public and private capital, especially for emerging and LIDCs, with the point estimate of the elasticity of substitution estimated closely around 3.
Back to the Future
Authors: Cevik Serhan
Published: December 2019

This paper assesses the cyclicality and sustainability of fiscal policy in Belize and applies a stochastic simulation model to determine the optimal set of fiscal rules. The empirical analysis shows that fiscal policy in Belize has been significantly procyclical and unsustainable much of the period since 1976. While the government’s recent commitment to maintain a primary surplus of at least 2 percent of GDP until 2021 is supporting debt reduction, stochastic simulations indicate that further improvement in the primary balance is necessary to reliably bring the debt-to-GDP ratio to a sustainable path. Given Belize’s history of large economic shocks, this paper proposes explicit fiscal rules designed for countercyclical policy and debt sustainability. It recommends integrating such rules into a well-designed fiscal responsibility law and establishing an independent fiscal council to improve accountability and transparency.
The role of aerosol layer height in quantifying aerosol absorption from ultraviolet satellite observations
Authors: Sun Jiyunting , Veefkind Pepijn , Nanda Swadhin , van Velthoven Peter , Levelt Pieternel
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the role of
aerosol layer height (ALH) in quantifying the single scattering albedo (SSA)
from ultraviolet satellite observations for biomass burning aerosols. In the
first experiment, we retrieve SSA by minimizing the near-ultraviolet (near-UV) absorbing aerosol index (UVAI) difference between
observed values and those simulated by a radiative transfer model. With the
recently released S-5P TROPOMI ALH product constraining forward
simulations, a significant gap in the retrieved SSA (0.25) is found between
radiative transfer simulations with spectral flat aerosols and those with strong spectrally dependent aerosols, implying that inappropriate assumptions regarding aerosol absorption spectral dependence may cause severe misinterpretations
of the aerosol absorption. In the second part of this paper, we propose an
alternative method to retrieve SSA based on a long-term record of co-located satellite and ground-based measurements using the support vector regression
(SVR) approach. This empirical method is free from the uncertainties due to the
imperfection of a priori assumptions on aerosol microphysics seen in the
first experiment. We present the potential capabilities of SVR using
several fire events that have occurred in recent years. For all cases, the difference
between SVR-retrieved SSA and AERONET are generally within ±0.05, and
over half of the samples are within ±0.03. The results are encouraging,
although in the current phase the model tends to overestimate the SSA for
relatively absorbing cases and fails to predict SSA for some extreme
situations. The spatial contrast in SSA retrieved by radiative transfer
simulations is significantly higher than that retrieved by SVR, and the latter better
agrees with SSA from MERRA-2 reanalysis. In the future, more sophisticated
feature selection procedures and kernel functions should be taken into
consideration to improve the SVR model accuracy. Moreover, the high-resolution TROPOMI UVAI and co-located ALH products will guide us to more
reliable training data sets and more powerful algorithms to quantify aerosol
absorption from UVAI records.
Difficulties in explaining complex issues with maps: evaluating seismic hazard communication – the Swiss case
Authors: Marti Michèle , Stauffacher Michael , Wiemer Stefan
Published: December 2019

Abstract. A total of 2.7 billion people live in areas where earthquakes causing at least slight
damage have to be expected regularly. Providing information can potentially
save lives and improve the resilience of a society. Maps are an established
way to illustrate natural hazards. Despite being mainly tailored to the
requirements of professional users, they are often the only accessible
information to help the public in deciding about mitigation measures. There is
evidence that hazard maps are frequently misconceived. Visual and textual
characteristics as well as the manner of presentation have been shown to
influence their comprehensibility. Using a real case reflecting current
practices, the material to communicate the updated seismic hazard model for
Switzerland was analyzed in a representative online survey of the population
(N=491) and in two workshops involving architects and engineers not
specializing in seismic retrofitting (N=23). Although many best-practice
recommendations have been followed, the understanding of seismic hazard
information remains challenging. Whereas most participants were able to
distinguish hazardous from less hazardous areas, correctly interpreting
detailed results and identifying the most suitable set of information for
answering a given question proved demanding. We suggest scrutinizing current
natural-hazard communication strategies, empirically testing new products,
and exploring alternatives to raise awareness and enhance preparedness.
Scientific drilling of Lake Chalco, Basin of Mexico (MexiDrill)
Authors: Brown Erik T. , Caballero Margarita , Cabral Cano Enrique , Fawcett Peter J. , Lozano-García Socorro , Ortega Beatriz , Pérez Liseth , Schwalb Antje , Smith Victoria , Steinman Byron A. , Stockhecke Mona , Valero-Garcés Blas , Watt Sebastian , Wattrus Nigel J. , Werne Josef P. , Wonik Thomas , Myrbo Amy E. , Noren Anders J. , O'Grady Ryan , Schnurrenberger Douglas ,   the MexiDrill Team
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The primary scientific objective of MexiDrill, the Basin of Mexico
Drilling Program, is development of a continuous, high-resolution
∼400 kyr lacustrine record of tropical North American
environmental change. The field location, in the densely populated,
water-stressed Mexico City region gives this record particular societal
relevance. A detailed paleoclimate reconstruction from central Mexico will
enhance our understanding of long-term natural climate variability in the
North American tropics and its relationship with changes at higher latitudes.
The site lies at the northern margin of the Intertropical Convergence Zone
(ITCZ), where modern precipitation amounts are influenced by sea surface
temperatures in the Pacific and Atlantic basins. During the Last Glacial
Maximum (LGM), more winter precipitation at the site is hypothesized to have been
a consequence of a southward displacement of the mid-latitude westerlies. It
thus represents a key spatial node for understanding large-scale
hydrological variability of tropical and subtropical North America and is
at an altitude (2240 m a.s.l.), typical of much of western North America. In addition, its sediments contain a rich record of pre-Holocene volcanic
history; knowledge of the magnitude and frequency relationships of the
area's explosive volcanic eruptions will improve capacity for risk
assessment of future activity. Explosive eruption deposits will also be used
to provide the backbone of a robust chronology necessary for full
exploitation of the paleoclimate record. Here we report initial results
from, and outreach activities of, the 2016 coring campaign.
Satellite retrieved sea ice concentration uncertainty and its effect on
modelling wave evolution in marginal ice zones
Authors: Nose Takehiko , Waseda Takuji , Kodaira Tsubasa , Inoue Jun
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Satellite retrieved Sea Ice Concentration (SIC) uncertainty is studied with respect to its effect on spectral wave modelling of ice-covered water. Eight SIC products based on four algorithms applied to SSMIS and AMSR2 data were analysed. They were compared with sea-truth images captured from a 12 day fixed Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) transect observation during the November 2018 R/V Mirai expedition in the Chukchi Sea. The analysis shows the refreezing sea ice field is highly variable in time and space, and the uncertainty of SIC estimates is considerable. A wave hindcast experiment for the observation period using these SIC products as model forcing has shown that the SIC uncertainty translates to wave prediction discrepancies in ice cover. There is evidence that bivariate uncertainty data (model significant wave heights and SIC forcing) are correlated, although off-ice wave growth is more complicated due to the cumulative effect of SIC uncertainty and the model implementation of wave-ice interactions along an MIZ fetch. Analysis of significant wave height uncertainty distributions for SIC forcing and wave-ice interaction source terms reveals that they are both sizeable; however, the study concludes the more dominant uncertainty source of modelling wave-ice interactions is the accuracy of satellite retrieved SIC estimates that are used as model forcing.
一带一路倡议背景下马来西亚华文教育功能的新定位
Authors: Yinghui Wu , Teng Teng Yap
Published: December 2019

本文基于中国国力快速提升带来的汉语快速走向世界这一现实和未来预期，审视了马 来西亚华文教育功能的传统定位，即华人内部的华语和中华文化的传承功能。文章指出，在 汉语快速向世界传播的必然趋势下，有必要重新认识马来西亚华文教育的优势，并对其功能 重新定位；提出了马来西亚华语的三重性与华文教育功能的三重性，把发展华文教育上升到 马来西亚国家战略高度来谋划，把马来西亚建成中国以外主要服务东南亚各国汉语教学的重 要基地，把马来西亚建成东南亚国家华文教育理论、标准研发基地等创新观点。
‘Death by Twitter’: Understanding false death announcements on social media and the performance of platform cultural capital
Authors: Nansen Bjorn , O'Donnell Dominic , Arnold Michael , Kohn Tamara , Gibbs Martin
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we analyse false death announcements of public figures on social media and public responses to them. The analysis draws from a range of public sources to collect and categorise the volume of false death announcements on Twitter and undertakes a case study analysis of representative examples. We classify false death announcements according to five overarching types: accidental; misreported; misunderstood; hacked; and hoaxed. We identify patterns of user responses, which cycle through the sharing of the news, to personal grief, to a sense of uncertainty or disbelief. But we also identify more critical and cultural responses to such death announcements in relation to misinformation and the quality of digital news, or cultures of hoax and disinformation on social media. Here we see the performance of online identity through a form that we describe, following Bourdieu as ‘platform cultural capital’.
Bankruptcy Profile of the Islamic Banking Industry: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Ali Jan Ahmad , Tahir Muhammad , Lai Fong-Woon , Jan Amin , Mehreen Mehreen , Hamad Salaheldin
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the bankruptcy profile of the Islamic banking industry in Pakistan for the post-crisis period 2007-2008. This study used Altman’s Z-score bankruptcy evaluation model for evaluating bankruptcy rates of the sampled Islamic banks from Pakistan for the post-crisis period 2009-2015. ANOVA result shows the P-value with 0.002, which implies that the sampled Islamic banks from Pakistan do differ in their rates of bankruptcy. Regression results show that the variables liquidity and productivity ratios have a significant positive impact on the bankruptcy profile of the Islamic banking sector in Pakistan. While profitability and insolvency, ratios indicated an insignificant impact on the bankruptcy profile of the Islamic banking industry in Pakistan. The overall analysis of this study is viable to draw the attention of researchers and practitioners towards the deteriorating bankruptcy profile of the Islamic banking sector in Pakistan. The study also persuades the researchers to design a separate Shariah-based bankruptcy evaluation model for the Islamic banking industry of Pakistan.
Why, and how will it look? Evaluating answers of energy experts concerning the German Energiewende and its implication for communication efforts
Authors: Kreuz Sebastian , Ploß Eugenia
Published: November 2019

The implementation of the German energy transition (Energiewende) is unclearly framed. The future of the transition depends on more than just technological development or economic feasibility. Rather, a positive attitude and an understanding by the general public are critical to its success. Therefore, communicating the complex, polarized and long-term process in an objective way is essential. We show that despite the alleged clarity of goals, German stakeholders have very diverse reasons for their support of the energy transition. One key reason mentioned is climate protection. Another important goal is the desired independence from energy imports. This diversity is at the heart of the communication challenges. We see a wide variety of goals triggering trade-offs and challenges in understanding the process. Therefore, we suggest an infographic as an approach to communicating the energy transition to the general public with a focus on goals and related future challenges of the transition. We conclude that communication tools should promote an inclusive discussion and debate regarding the goals and challenges of a process, such as the energy transition, to help answer the question: How do we want to live in the future? 

Keywords: climate change, energy transition, communication, framing, media
The Representation of Trauma in Ayn Rand's Novel Atlas Shrugged
Authors: Grigorovskaya Anastasiya Vasilievna
Published: December 2019

This article interprets Ayn Rand's last novel, Atlas Shrugged, through the lens of Trauma Studies. The author argues that the novel reflects Rand's traumatic experiences of the February and October revolutions in Russia and can be viewed as the means by which the author engaged in the process of what Dominick LaCapra has called “working-through.”
Konglish? Or Multilingual Practice? An Investigation of Subtitles in Korean TV Shows
Authors: Lee Hakyoon
Published: December 2019

This is a sociolinguistic study that investigates how multilingual subtitles in Korean TV shows represent linguistic and cultural ideologies. Subtitles are not only used for translating or supplementing meanings, but they also have various discursive functions, including conveying connotations, exaggerating meanings, and maximizing effects. This study investigates the ways that English is used in Korean subtitles as a mixed form of codes. Particularly, it examines the roles of subtitles and motivations for creating multilingual subtitles in Korean TV shows. This study also discusses the ideological and local cultural dimensions of multilingual subtitling practices in social media. The talk shows “Ssulzun” (“War of Words”) and “Talk to you,” which aired from August 2015 to January 2016, are the subject of this analysis. Taking a social-constructivist perspective that views language ideologies as interpretive frames and posits that language ideologies are multiple (Kroskrity, 2004; Ricento, 2000), this study examines the social functions of subtitles as well as their symbolic meanings. Considering multilingualism as a main ideological construct, this study additionally investigates how Korean and English mixings are created in subtitles. The findings show that, tlinguistic and cultural ideologies are embedded in TV subtitles, and the examples in this study help illustrate the multicultural linguistic landscape of Korea.
The “Breeding of Humanity”: Nietzsche and Shaw's Man and Superman
Authors: Mueller Reinhard G.
Published: December 2019

Nietzsche and Shaw are famous and infamous: famous for their innovative and influential forms of writing, but infamous for their apparent support of totalitarianism and Nazism. However, while it has long been shown that Nietzsche's provocative language about “breeding” and “masters and slaves” was intended to enhance culture through competition, it is still an open question how and when Shaw supported biological eugenics. Via Nietzsche's “philosophical breeding,” this article presents a new reading of Shaw's Man and Superman: on the one hand, it contrasts Nietzsche's philosophical Übermensch with Shaw's eugenic Superman; and on the other hand, it connects Nietzsche's agonistic enhancement of culture with Shaw's philosophical reflections in “Don Juan in Hell.” In contrast to Tanner's support of eugenic breeding in his Revolutionist's Handbook, Shaw's Don Juan remarkably resembles Nietzsche's notion of “philosophical breeding” toward a more competent, truthful, and autonomous orientation that is needed in increasingly complex global politics.
Undershaft in B-School: Responses of Business Students to Major Barbara
Authors: Armstrong James
Published: December 2019

This article examines the responses of business students to the 1941 film version of Major Barbara. It argues that today's business students are quite receptive to the arguments of the play and eager to make comparisons with contemporary debates in business ethics. Due to the nature of drama, plays have a unique pedagogical potential to reach students and engage with them more fully. Shaw, in particular, provides especially helpful tools for teaching business students as well as students in other fields that typically do not have plays on their syllabi. The article suggests several ways Shaw's works can be incorporated into curricula outside of literary and theater studies to enrich the education of nontraditional future Shavians.
Awareness and perception of women of reproductive age (15-49) regarding breast cancer at Okuryangava clinic, Namibia
Authors: Maano Nghitanwa Emma , Teopolina Haitembu , Kerthu Hatupopi Saara
Published: November 2019

Globally cancer of the breast is a challenge, and in Namibia it ranks the third common type of cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness and perception of women of reproductive age (15-49) regarding breast cancer at Okuryangava clinic. Ethical clearance for the study was obtained from the Ministry of Health and Social Services of Namibia and the University of Namibia research ethical committee. Qualitative and exploratory study design was conducted. After obtained the written consent from participants, data were collected among 10 women with interview guide through face to face interview. The sample size was determined by data saturation. Data were analyzed according to Tesch’s eight steps of data analyses that led to the formation of themes and sub themes. The study found out that majority of women at Okuryangava clinic had awareness about breast cancer. Women had different perception about breast cancer, some believe that breast cancer is curable while others perceive it as a fatal disease. The study also found that participants have knowledge on breast cancer risk factors which may assist in preventive measuresand awareness. The study recommends that the Ministry of Health and Social Services of Namibia should ensure conducting an awareness campaigns to educate the community regarding breast cancer.
Spiradenoma of the breast and review of cases over 76-years
Authors: Dick Mary , Sharma Apporva , Sharma Poonam
Published: November 2019

Spiradenomas stem from eccrine and apocrine glands to form benign cutaneous tumors. When arising on the breast, nipple, and areola region, spiradenomas can be difficult to differentiate from more worrisome breast masses. This is particularly true in patients with a prior history of breast cancer. These tumors can be mimicked by a wide range of adnexal growths and play a role in syndromic conditions. We present a case of a 56-year-old female with a 20-year enlarging left lower inner quadrant breast mass reviewed on mammography which was later excised and histopathologically diagnosed as a spiradenoma. Spiradenomas can be challenging to diagnose as they can present with similar findings on inexpensive and non-invasive testing such as ultrasound and mammogram. While a biopsy is a definitive tool for diagnosis, this is contraindicated in some spiradenoma mimickers such as epidermal cysts complicating diagnosis. To our knowledge, there are only six case reports of breast spiradenomas. We have reviewed the histopathology of this case and summarized all cases of breast spiradenomas and their malignant counterpart spiradenocarcinomas available in the literature compiling their presentations and imaging findings.
Intercultural Wonderment: Short Term Study Abroad
Authors: DeMuth Kayla , Meyer Laura Landry , Newcomb Justin , Peet Susan
Published: November 2019

The proliferation of study abroad opportunities on college campuses has necessitated a deeper investigation of the impacts derived from participation. The concept of intercultural wonderment focuses on how individuals perceive themselves in an international culture. This concept guided embedded assignments and analysis of assignment responses for a short-term study abroad experience for human development and family studies students to Italy. Intercultural wonderment is a relatively new concept that has potential to guide future research and practice. Results from this exploration using the lens of intercultural wonderment are presented based on a thematic analysis. Conclusions indicate that the intercultural wonderment lens can strengthen cultural awareness and enhance intercultural competency. By noting students’ perceptions of their experiences outside their comfort zones, study-abroad experiences can target and foster global learning and development outcomes.
Implementation of LGBT+ health education for master’s entry nursing students
Authors: Mead Daniel R. , Sorenson Matthew , Amer Kim , Ribero Sierra , Bishop-Royce Jessica , Yingling Charles
Published: November 2019

Background: There is evidence linking Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT+) health education with improvement in nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes, and comfort of LGBT+ health considerations.Methods: In a pre- and post-test study design, a total of 77 master’s entry to nursing practice (MENP) students completed the LGBT+ health educational module during the Community Health Nursing course.Results: Statistically significant results were found between pre-test to post-test data for knowledge (p < .001, Cohen’s d 2.52), attitudes (p < .001, Cohen’s d 0.35), and comfort (p = .001, Cohen’s d 0.31) of LGBT+ health considerations.Conclusions: The LGBT+ health education module improved MENP students’ attitudes and comfort with LGBT+ clients and markedly increased their knowledge of LGBT+ health considerations. Findings suggest LGBT+ health education can be implemented by nursing faculty in master’s entry to nursing practice programs with a positive impact on student knowledge, attitudes, and comfort.