bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large-FoV 3D imaging of single-photon LiDAR at up to 12 km
Authors: Ye Wen-Long , Jiang Peng-Yu , Li Zheng-Ping , Li Yuxiao , Kong Xin-Wei , Xu Feihu
Published: October 2024

Single-photon light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has emerged as a valuable technology for active imaging applications. The growing demand for wider applications has driven advancements in measurement range, imaging resolution, and field of view (FoV). Here, we present a high-resolution, large-FoV single-photon LiDAR system capable of panoramic imaging. The system employs continuous raster scanning with a single-photon detector array to achieve rapid measurements, while timing-based pixel segmentation ensures precise data organization. A histogram-folding-based data compression and reconstruction method was developed, resulting in a two-order-of-magnitude increase in processing speed during simulations while maintaining high image reconstruction quality. The experimental results demonstrated the system’s capacity for rapid, high-resolution, and large-FoV imaging, achieving a resolution of 7.2′′ across a 1.6∘×2.1∘ FoV (1052 × 803 pixels) for buildings up to 12 km, all captured and processed in just 10 min. This approach has great potential for use in environmental mapping and related fields.
Amyloid accelerator polyphosphate fits as the mystery density in α-synuclein fibrils
Authors: Huettemann Philipp , Mahadevan Pavithra , Lempart Justine , Tse Eric , Dehury Budheswar , Edwards Brian F. P. , Southworth Daniel R. , Sahoo Bikash R. , Jakob Ursula
Published: October 2024

Aberrant aggregation of α-Synuclein is the pathological hallmark of a set of neurodegenerative diseases termed synucleinopathies. Recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy have led to the structural determination of the first synucleinopathy-derived α-Synuclein fibrils, which contain a non-proteinaceous, “mystery density” at the core of the protofilaments, hypothesized to be highly negatively charged. Guided by previous studies that demonstrated that polyphosphate (polyP), a universally conserved polyanion, significantly accelerates α-Synuclein fibril formation, we conducted blind docking and molecular dynamics simulation experiments to model the polyP binding site in α-Synuclein fibrils. Here, we demonstrate that our models uniformly place polyP into the lysine-rich pocket, which coordinates the mystery density in patient-derived fibrils. Subsequent in vitro studies and experiments in cells revealed that substitution of the 2 critical lysine residues K43 and K45 with alanine residues leads to a loss of all previously reported effects of polyP binding on α-Synuclein, including stimulation of fibril formation, change in filament conformation and stability as well as alleviation of cytotoxicity. In summary, our study demonstrates that polyP fits the unknown electron density present in in vivo α-Synuclein fibrils and suggests that polyP exerts its functions by neutralizing charge repulsion between neighboring lysine residues.
Structural influences on synaptic plasticity: The role of presynaptic connectivity in the emergence of E/I co-tuning
Authors: Giannakakis Emmanouil , Vinogradov Oleg , Buendía Victor , Levina Anna
Published: October 2024

Cortical neurons are versatile and efficient coding units that develop strong preferences for specific stimulus characteristics. The sharpness of tuning and coding efficiency is hypothesized to be controlled by delicately balanced excitation and inhibition. These observations suggest a need for detailed co-tuning of excitatory and inhibitory populations. Theoretical studies have demonstrated that a combination of plasticity rules can lead to the emergence of excitation/inhibition (E/I) co-tuning in neurons driven by independent, low-noise signals. However, cortical signals are typically noisy and originate from highly recurrent networks, generating correlations in the inputs. This raises questions about the ability of plasticity mechanisms to self-organize co-tuned connectivity in neurons receiving noisy, correlated inputs. Here, we study the emergence of input selectivity and weight co-tuning in a neuron receiving input from a recurrent network via plastic feedforward connections. We demonstrate that while strong noise levels destroy the emergence of co-tuning in the readout neuron, introducing specific structures in the non-plastic pre-synaptic connectivity can re-establish it by generating a favourable correlation structure in the population activity. We further show that structured recurrent connectivity can impact the statistics in fully plastic recurrent networks, driving the formation of co-tuning in neurons that do not receive direct input from other areas. Our findings indicate that the network dynamics created by simple, biologically plausible structural connectivity patterns can enhance the ability of synaptic plasticity to learn input-output relationships in higher brain areas.
Alcohol outlet density and adolescent drinking behaviors in Thailand, 2007–2017: A spatiotemporal mixed model analysis
Authors: Vichitkunakorn Polathep , Assanangkornchai Sawitri , Thaikla Kanittha , Buya Suhaimee , Rungruang Supeecha , Talib Mfahmee , Duangpaen Warangkhana , Bunyanukul Warintorn , Sittisombut Monsicha
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to explore the relationship between alcohol outlet density and the proportion of alcohol consumption among Thai adolescents. We utilized the alcohol consumption data from the 2007, 2011, and 2017 Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption Survey in Thailand. We analyzed the relationships between alcohol sales license figures and consumption behavior using a spatiotemporal mixed model. Our data had two levels. The upper (provincial) level featured alcohol sales license density (spatial effect), the years of survey (temporal effect), and the social deprivation index. The lower (individual) level included the demographic data of the adolescents. A total of 9,566 Thai adolescents participated in this study, based on surveys conducted in 2007 (n = 4,731), 2011 (n = 3,466), and 2017 (n = 1,369). The density of alcohol sales licenses increased the odds for the one-year current drinker category (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.45), especially in male adolescents (OR = 1.09, 95% CI, 1.04–1.14). Furthermore, it increased the odds for the heavy episodic drinker category for female adolescents (OR = 1.23, 95% CI, 1.05–1.44). Increased alcohol sales licenses are associated with higher alcohol consumption among Thai adolescents. This highlights the need for government organizations to develop and apply strategies to reduce the number of licenses for the sale of alcohol.
Analyzing the performance of metaheuristic algorithms in speed control of brushless DC motor: Implementation and statistical comparison
Authors: Shafique Fizza , Fakhar Muhammad Salman , Rasool Akhtar , Kashif Syed Abdul Rahman
Published: October 2024

A brushless DC (BLDC) motor is likewise called an electrically commutated motor; because of its long help life, high productivity, smaller size, and higher power output, it has numerous modern applications. These motors require precise rotor orientation for longevity, as they utilize a magnet at the shaft end, detected by sensors to maintain speed control for stability. In modern apparatuses, the corresponding, primary, and subsidiary (proportional-integral) regulator is broadly utilized in controlling the speed of modern machines; however, an ideal and effective controlling strategy is constantly invited. BLDC motor is a complex system having nonlinearity in its dynamic responses which makes primary controllers in efficient. Therefore, this paper implements metaheuristic optimization techniques such as Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO), Levy Flight Trajectory-Based Whale Optimization Algorithm (LFWOA); moreover, a chaotic map and weight factor are also being applied to modify LFWOA (i.e., CMLFWOA) for optimizing the PI controller to control the speed of BLDC motor. Model of the brushless DC motor using a sensorless control strategy incorporated metaheuristic algorithms is simulated on MATLAB (Matrix Laboratory)/Simulink. The Integral Square Error (ISE) criteria is used to determine the efficiency of the algorithms-based controller. In the latter part of this article after implementing these mentioned techniques a comparative analysis of their results is presented through statistical tests using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) software. The results of statistical and analytical tests show the significant supremacy of WOA on others.
Exploring and prioritizing content to include in a medication self-management toolkit for persons with spinal cord injury/dysfunction: A concept mapping approach
Authors: Cadel Lauren , El-Kotob Rasha , Hitzig Sander L. , McCarthy Lisa M. , Hahn-Goldberg Shoshana , Packer Tanya L. , Ho Chester H. , Patel Tejal , Cimino Stephanie R. , Lofters Aisha K. , Guilcher Sara J. T.
Published: October 2024

Background

Adults with spinal cord injury/dysfunction (SCI/D) face challenges with medications they take to manage their secondary conditions (e.g., pain, urinary tract infections, autonomic dysreflexia). With many healthcare providers typically involved in care, there are additional challenges with care fragmentation and self-management. Prior research emphasized the desire for more support with medication self-management among this population.

Objective

To explore what content should be included in a medication self-management resource (i.e., toolkit) for adults with SCI/D, as well as considerations for delivery from the perspectives of adults with SCI/D, caregivers, healthcare providers, and representatives from community organizations.

Methods

A concept mapping study was conducted. Participants took part in one or more of three activities: brainstorming; sorting and rating; and mapping. Participants generated ideas about the content to include in a medication self-management toolkit. Participants sorted the statements into conceptual piles and assigned a name to each. All statements were rated on a five-point Likert-type scale on importance and realistic to include in the toolkit. Participants decided on the final cluster map, rearranged statements, and assigned a name to each cluster to create visual representations of the data.

Results

Forty-four participants took part in this study. The final map contained eight clusters: 1) information-sharing and communication; 2) healthcare provider interactions and involvement; 3) peer and community connections; 4) supports and services for accessing prescription medications and medication information; 5) information on non-prescription medication and medication supplies; 6) safety and lifestyle considerations; 7) general medication information; and 8) practical information and strategies related to medication-taking. Safety and lifestyle considerations was rated as the most important and realistic to include in the toolkit.

Conclusions

Given the limited tools to help adults with SCI/D with managing their medications, there is great potential to better support this population across all areas of medication self-management.
Life Essentials 8 score and risk of metabolic syndrome: A dose-response analysis in the US population
Authors: Jia Feng , Sun Jiaxuan , Liu Xiangliang , Liu Yahui
Published: October 2024

Background

There is limited research on the relationship between Life Essentials 8 (LE8) score and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our aim is to examine the association between LE8 cardiovascular health metrics and risk of MetS in a nationally representative sample.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from 23,253 adults aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2018). LE8 score (range 0–100) was calculated based on the American Heart Association’s definitions of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors (physical activity, diet, smoking, and body mass index) and factors (total cholesterol, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and fasting triglycerides). Metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of metabolic disorders, including obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models, mediation analysis, subgroup analysis and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were used to assess the relationship between LE8 score and MetS risk.

Results

A total of 23,253 participants were included, of whom 7,932 had MetS and 15,321 did not. The average age of the participants was 50.7 years (standard deviation (SD) 12.3), with 49.24% being male. Participants with high LE8 category (80–100 points) had 98% lower odds of having MetS compared to those with low LE8 category (0–49 points) after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02–0.03; P < 0.001). There was a monotonic decreasing dose-response relationship between LE8 score and predicted probability of MetS (P-overall <0.001; P-nonlinear <0.001). Several biomarkers including serum albumin, uric acid and neutrophil count emerged as potential mediators.

Conclusions

While our studies suggest a potential association between cardiovascular health factors and reduced MetS risk, the cross-sectional nature of our study limits causal inferences. The LE8 score could still serve as a useful screening tool to identify individuals at high risk for MetS, facilitating targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
Associations between ethnicity and persistent physical and mental health symptoms experienced as part of ongoing symptomatic COVID-19
Authors: Naidu Sindhu Bhaarrati , Saigal Anita , Shah Amar Jitu , Ogbonnaya Chibueze , Bhattacharyya Shiuli , Thillaivasan Karthig , Xiao Songyuan , Niklewicz Camila Nagoda , Seligmann George , Bintalib Heba Majed , Hurst John Robert , Lipman Marc Caeroos Isaac , Mandal Swapna
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Ethnicity can influence susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalisation and death. Its association with ongoing symptomatic COVID-19 is unclear. We assessed if, among a population followed up after discharge from hospital with COVID-19, adults from Asian, black, mixed and other backgrounds are at increased risk of physical and mental health symptoms.

Methods

Adults discharged after hospitalisation with COVID-19 between 03/03/2020 and 27/11/2021 were routinely offered follow-up six to 12 weeks post-discharge and reviewed for ongoing symptomatic COVID-19, as defined by persisting physical symptoms (respiratory symptoms, fatigue, impaired sleep and number of other symptoms), mental health symptoms and inability to return to work if employed. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were used to compare differences in characteristics, follow-up outcomes and blood tests between ethnic groups. To account for possible selection bias, analyses were adjusted for propensity scores.

Results

986 adults completed follow-up: 202 (20.5%) Asian, 105 (10.6%) black, 18 (1.8%) mixed, 468 (47.5%) white and 111 (11.3%) from other backgrounds. Differences between groups included white adults being older than those from Asian/‘other’ backgrounds and black adults being more likely from deprived areas than those from Asian/white/‘other’ backgrounds. After adjusting for these differences, at follow-up, black adults had fewer respiratory (adjusted odds ratio 0.49 (0.25–0.96)) and other symptoms (adjusted count ratio 0.68 (0.34–0.99)) compared to white adults. There were otherwise no significant differences between ethnic groups in terms of physical health, mental health or ability to return to work if employed. These findings were not altered after adjustment for propensity scores.

Conclusions

In our population, despite having more co-morbidities associated with worse outcomes, adults from Asian, black, mixed and other ethnic backgrounds are not more likely to develop ongoing symptomatic COVID-19. However, it is important that healthcare services remain vigilant in ensuring the provision of timely patient-centred care.
Evaluation of galectin-3 and titin in cats with a sarcomeric gene mutation associated with echocardiography
Authors: Demeekul Kanokwan , Sukumolanan Pratch , Petchdee Soontaree
Published: October 2024

Background and Aim: Cardiac biomarkers, such as serum galectin-3 (Gal-3) and titin levels, may be related to cats with sarcomeric gene mutations. This study evaluated cardiac biomarkers and echocardiographic parameters in cats with or without myosin-binding protein C3 (MYBPC3) gene mutations.

Materials and Methods: Forty-two healthy cats without cardiac symptoms, including Bengal, Maine Coon, Scottish fold, and Ragdoll cats, were enrolled in this study. Cats were categorized into three groups: Homozygous wild type (n = 17), homozygous MYBPC3 gene mutation (n = 14), and heterozygous MYBPC3 gene mutation (n = 11). All recruited cats underwent echocardiography, and blood samples were collected for DNA extraction. DNA sequencing for MYBPC3 gene mutations at A31P and A74T loci was first examined by Sanger sequencing. The biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis (Gal-3) and myocardial stiffness (titin) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: Gal-3 levels >250 pg/mL were associated with echocardiographic parameters. However, Gal-3 levels were not significantly different between cats with MYBPC3 gene mutations and those in the wild-type group. Titin was associated with the left ventricular (LV) thickness and systolic function (r = 0.405, p = 0.013). Qualitative measurement of titin antibodies showed that the highest percentage of these antibodies was found in homozygous wild-type cats. No correlation was found between titin levels and MYBPC3 gene mutations. Weight was positively associated with interventricular septum (r = 0.312, p = 0.056) and LV wall thickness (LVPW) (r = 0.219, p = 0.187). However, they were not associated with Gal-3 levels.

Conclusion: LVPW was correlated with weight in cats with sarcomeric gene mutations. Serum titin may be an underlying factor for cardiac hypertrophy in cats.

Keywords: cardiac biomarker, cat, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myosin-binding protein C3.
Mineral concentration in citrus peel flours
Authors: Cruz Lima Viviane da , Sampaio Raquel Flôres , Correia Laís Donata Bento , Raposo Júnior Luiz , Barretto Andrea Carla da Silva , Pereira Thaise Mariá Tobal
Published: October 2024

Citrus fruits are known for their health benefits but managing processing waste is a challenge. Extracting bioactive compounds from these residues to create new products is promising, but mineral analysis is essential for food safety. The objective of this study was to analyze how the methodology for obtaining flour from sweet passion fruit peel, Tahiti lime, Murcott tangerine, and pearl pineapple influences the amounts of minerals Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, and to determine the presence of these minerals in flours according to the defined limits. Maceration demonstrated a significant reduction in mineral content, such as iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and chromium, in the flours of lime and tangerine peels and passion fruit albedo. There was an increase in mineral levels after this process, such as zinc in passion fruit flavedo flour and manganese in tangerine and pineapple peels. Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr were respectively determined in 100g-1 in flours, from lime peel: 3,696mg; 1,273mg; 22,834mg, 0.422mg; 1104.945 μg; tangerine peel: 1,322mg; 2,560mg; 13,571mg; 0.236mg; passion fruit albedo: 8,596mg; 6,480mg; 76,003mg; 1,031mg; passion fruit flavedo 8,609mg; 3,363mg; 86,167mg; 2,317mg; in pineapple skin: 12,181mg; 0.704mg; 71,018mg; *mg; 2224.215 μg. Cr was not determined in the flours: albedo and flavedo from passion fruit, and tangerine and Cu from pineapple peel. Flours are sources of minerals but must be consumed with caution due to high quantities that can exceed the maximum tolerable intake limits.
O caráter coletivo da atividade de estudo: uma síntese a partir da Teoria Histórico-Cultural
Authors: Cesar Portella Santos Caio , Da Silva Ferreira Asbahr Flávia
Published: October 2024

A Atividade de Estudo (AE) tem sido objeto recorrente na literatura científica alicerçada à Teoria Histórico-Cultural. Contudo, observamos a necessidade de sistematizar discussões e produzir análises e sínteses que permitam a compreensão do caráter coletivo desta atividade, e este foi nosso objetivo neste trabalho. Assim, realizamos uma revisão na literatura científica sobre o tema e organizamos a discussão partindo de três pontos que fundamentam a concepção que defendemos e que justificam a relação do caráter coletivo com o desenvolvimento da atividade: 1) o caráter coletivo como premissa para o desenvolvimento da AE, partindo da concepção que, em essência, toda atividade constitui e é constituída historicamente a partir das relações sociais; 2) o caráter coletivo como meio para o desenvolvimento da AE, compreendendo que as ações do professor e da escola são fundamentais para sua formação e que atuar coletivamente junto a outras crianças pode contribuir para a formação de motivos e desenvolvimento de sentido para a aprendizagem; 3) o caráter coletivo como finalidade da AE, alicerçados à defesa de que a educação escolar tem papel central na construção da personalidade do indivíduo, de sua maneira de ver, pensar e se relacionar com o mundo com base em uma ética do coletivo. Defendemos, por fim, que a compreensão destes aspectos coletivos é fundamental para construção de práticas pedagógicas que objetivam o desenvolvimento da AE, visando formação de valores coletivistas e de sentido para apropriação dos conceitos científicos.
A relação entre o desenvolvimento do psiquismo humano e a educação escolar sob a ótica da Teoria Histórico-cultural
Authors: Goulart Oliveira Ethyenne , Lima Nunes Rodrigo
Published: October 2024

A partir da síntese do processo de apropriação teórico-conceitual dos pressupostos da Teoria Histórico-cultural, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar de forma sistemática os diálogos existentes entre as obras de Vygotski, Leontiev, Elkonin e Davidov em relação à periodização do desenvolvimento do psiquismo humano e à sua relação dialética com a educação escolar. Ressalta-se a importância em se dedicar esforços ao estudo e à compreensão dos conceitos centrais relacionados ao desenvolvimento das capacidades especificamente humanas, com base nesta teoria, como instrumento fundamental para o desenvolvimento de uma prática pedagógica que busque promover a plena realização das potencialidades humanas em todos os indivíduos.
Integration of Micro-Credentials into Higher Education: Faculty Perspectives
Authors: Demiraslan Çevik Yasemin , Derman İpek , Ulucan Aydın
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the views and expectations of instructors regarding micro-competencies, which are believed to have a significant impact on the future of learning and teaching in higher education. In the study, which took a phenomenological approach based on qualitative research methods, interviews were performed with 12 faculty chosen using a criterion sample procedure and semi-structured interview forms. The collected data was evaluated using both content and descriptive analysis. As a result of the investigation, 12 themes emerged. As a result of the research, it was determined that micro-competencies have not been sufficiently conceptualized in higher education; micro-competencies are similar to various structures inside and outside the university; different models for their structuring are proposed; and potential problems are anticipated, as well as facilitating options for their implementation. Although it is known that policy and preparation studies are being carried out in the relevant institutions, it is hoped that the views of the faculties revealed as a result of the research will shed light on the integration of micro-competencies into higher education in a more qualified way.
How Effective Are Civil Society Promotion Laws? Mixed Patterns from 3 Mexican States
Authors: Ochoa-Carreno Lina
Published: October 2024

Policies constraining nonprofit and civil society activity have been documented in multiple countries. A less widespread phenomenon, but one that is also worth exploring, is the enactment of laws intended to promote civil society. What happens when laws are enacted to promote these organizations? How effective are these laws? Building on insights from the literature on nonprofit formation and organizational ecology, this paper adopts a quasi-experimental approach, to analyze the effect of passing a state-level law of Civil Society (CSO) sector promotion on the number of newly-constituted CSO organizations. Using data from Mexico, between 1990 and 2018, the paper uses the synthetic control method to examine this effect, separately, in 3 Mexican states, against a pool of 13 states which had not enacted a law of this kind during the period under study. The results show quite different effects across states, and point to the need of exploring in depth the policy process surrounding the passing of the law. These mixed patterns also call for further examination of the broader context where CSO laws take effect, and the incentives and disincentives local actors may perceive in the content of the laws.
Towards realistic blood cell biomechanics in microvascular thrombosis simulations
Authors: Belyaev Aleksey V.
Published: October 2024

The paper is devoted to a three-dimensional mesoscale hemodynamic model for simulations of microvascular blood flows at cellular resolution. The focus is on creating a more accurate biomechanical model of red blood cells for further use in models of hemostasis and thrombosis. The presented model effectively and accurately reproduces peculiarities of blood flow under realistic hydrodynamic conditions in arterioles, venules, and capillaries, including the Fahraeus–Lindquist effect and subsequent platelet margination. In addition, shear-dependent platelet aggregation can also be captured using the proposed approach.
Temporally and spatially segregated discretization for a coupled electromechanical myocardium model
Authors: Danilov Alexander A. , Liogky Alexey A. , Syomin Fyodor A.
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we propose a novel temporally and spatially segregated numerical scheme to discretize the coupled electromechanical model of myocardium. We perform several numerical experiments with activation of a myocardial slab with structural inhomogeneity and evaluate the dependence of numerical errors on the size of spatial and temporal discretization steps. In our study, we show that the spatial step for the mechanical equations h

m
⩽2.5 mm yields reasonable results with noticeable errors only in the region of myocardial inhomogeneity. We also show that time step τ

m
⩽1 ms can be used for temporal discretization of mechanical equations, and the propagation velocity of the activation and contraction fronts differs from the reference one by no more than 1.3%for such time step. Finally, we show that the increase of time discretization steps of the mechanical equations τ

m
and the monodomain equation τ

e
leads to phase errors with opposite signs, and we can compensate these errors by tuning the relationship between the time steps.
Junction conditions for one-dimensional network hemodynamic model for total cavopulmonary connection using physically informed deep learning technique
Authors: Dobroserdova Tatiana K. , Isaev Alexander A. , Danilov Alexander A. , Simakov Sergey S.
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a novel methodology utilizing physics-informed neural network (PINN) as a junction condition for a 1D network model of blood flow in total cavopulmonary connection generated by the Fontan procedure. The technique integrates a 3D mesh generation process based on the parameterization of the junction geometry, along with a sophisticated physically regularized neural network architecture. Synthetic datasets are produced using 3D steady Stokes simulations within fixed boundaries. We use a physically informed feedforward neural network that utilizes a physically regularized loss function, which incorporates the principle of mass conservation. Our PINN achieves a tolerance of 6% on the test set. We develop a 1D-PINN multiscale model based on a previously developed method for multiscale 1D–3D simulations. Comparison with 1D–3D Stokes based model and 3D Navier–Stokes based model verifies the 1D-PINN model. In the first and second comparison, the maximum deviations of the averaged pressures and flows do not exceed 1.48% and 12.26%, respectively.
Multi-physics approach to model the lymph transport in the murine immune system
Authors: Grebennikov Dmitry S. , Pivovarov Bogdan D. , Savinkov Rostislav S. , Lobov Gennady I. , Bocharov Gennady A.
Published: October 2024

We formulate a compartmental model of the murine lymphatic system with the transfer rate parameters derived from the data on the geometric characteristics of the lymphatic system (LS) graph structure and the Hagen–Poiseuille-based values of the lymph flows through the system components, i.e., vertices and edges. It is supplemented by the physics-based model of lymph node draining-related function which considers a paradigmatic view of its geometry with one- and three-afferent lymphatic vessels and one efferent vessel, and the lymph flow described by the Darcy–Starling equations. We discuss further modelling work needed to gain a predictive understanding of the LS function in response to various perturbations including infections and therapeutic treatments.
Patient specific numerical hemodynamics for postoperative risk assessment: series case study of EC-IC cerebral bypass
Authors: Kuianova Iuliia , Bervitskiy Anatoliy , Dubovoy Andrei , Parshin Daniil
Published: October 2024

The study is devoted to the hemodynamics during cerebral vascular bypass surgery for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms in two patients. The location, morphological characteristics and treatment approaches of the patients were similar, but different outcomes were observed as a result of the performed microsurgical procedures . Computational approach was used to analyze the hemodynamic differences of aneurysms, treated via extra-intra cranial (EC-IC) cerebral bypass shunt. The paper presents a new criterion based on the energy parameters of healthy compartment of cerebral circulation. The applied approach demonstrates a new effective method of preoperative risk modelling for medical decision-making.
Intracranial Voltage Profiles from Untangled Human Deep Sources Reveal Multisource Composition and Source Allocation Bias
Authors: Makarova Julia , Toledano Rafael , Blázquez-Llorca Lidia , Sánchez-Herráez Erika , Gil-Nagel Antonio , DeFelipe Javier , Herreras Oscar
Published: October 2024

Intracranial potentials are used as functional biomarkers of neural networks. As potentials spread away from the source populations, they become mixed in the recordings. In humans, interindividual differences in the gyral architecture of the cortex pose an additional challenge, as functional areas vary in location and extent. We used source separation techniques to disentangle mixing potentials obtained by exploratory deep arrays implanted in epileptic patients of either sex to gain access to the number, location, relative contribution, and dynamics of coactive sources. The unique spatial profiles of separated generators made it possible to discern dozens of independent cortical areas for each patient, whose stability maintained even during seizure, enabling the follow up of activity for days and across states. Through matching these profiles to MRI, we associated each with limited portions of sulci and gyri and determined the local or remote origin of the corresponding sources. We also plotted source-specific 3D coverage across arrays. In average, individual recording sites are contributed to by 3–5 local and distant generators from areas up to several centimeters apart. During seizure, 13–85% of generators were involved, and a few appeared anew. Significant bias in location assignment using raw potentials is revealed, including numerous false positives when determining the site of origin of a seizure. This is not amended by bipolar montage, which introduce additional errors of its own. In this way, source disentangling reveals the multisource nature and far intracranial spread of potentials in humans, while efficiently addressing patient-specific anatomofunctional cortical divergence.
The study of newly-qualified teachers’ psychological well-being and personal reflection
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Tikholaz Tatyana Mikhailovna
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article examines the peculiarities of psychological well-being and satisfaction with the profession of novice teachers in connection with personal reflection. The purpose of the study is to reveal the specifics of psychological well-being and personal reflection of teachers at the initial stage of professional development. Materials and Methods. The study follows a systematic approach and the concept of psychological well-being (K Riff). In order to achieve the purpose of the research, the authors used theoretical (analysis, comparison, generalization, systematization) and empirical (tests) methods, as well as methods of statistical information processing. To collect relevant data, the methods were presented by means of a Google form via an online resource. The research sample consisted of 162 newly-qualified teachers from Omsk and the Omsk region whose work experience ranged between 6 months and 5 years. Results. The authors of the article obtained the following results: - analyzed and summarized Russian and international research investigations on issues of psychological well-being, the level of development of reflection and novice teachers satisfaction with their profession; - the empirical results of the study are presented, which reflect the priority indicators of psychological well-being, the level and types of personal reflection, the level of satisfaction with the professional development of newly-qualified teachers; the specifics of psychological well-being and personal reflection of teachers are revealed, the types of teachers at the initial stage of professional development are described. Conclusions. The specifics of psychological well-being and personal reflection of novice teachers are determined by difficulties in managing the environment, building interaction with colleagues and self-acceptance, readiness for personal growth and autonomy, and there is also insufficient development of reflection skills, in particular, reflection on communication and real activity, which affects satisfaction with professional activities. The types of novice teachers have been identified depending on the specifics of psychological well-being, the level of development and type of personal reflection, and satisfaction with profession.
Identification of key narratives to assess students’ perception of social reality
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Popov Dmitry Gennadievich , Danilishin Alexey Mikhailovich ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Pochkaeva Evgenia Igorevna ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Ganapolskaya Maria Vyacheslavovna ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article presents the results of the research investigation on identifying key narratives in the perception of the external social environment by university students on the example of St. Petersburg Peter the Great Polytechnic University (hereinafter referred to as SPbPU). The aim of the article is to identify key narratives (images of the present, past, and future) to assess students’ perception of social reality, to substantiate key needs of students in the field of soft skills development and to summarize the practices in the field of teaching these skills in SPbPU. Materials and Methods. The key methods of obtaining research data include the survey, participant observation of the research team members within the framework of professional activities, analysis of documents on the issues of teaching and assessment of teaching Soft Skills disciplines. The methods of semantic analysis, generalization, comparison, data visualization, and verification were used in order to collect data, process and present them. Results. The authors identified key narratives in the perception of the external social environment by university students, including peculiarities of the perception of enlarged groups in social, humanitarian and technical fields of study. The data on the key needs of young people within the framework of Soft Skills acquisition and the experience of implementing such disciplines on the example of SPbPU were generalized. During the study, a search semantic analysis of existing evaluative acronyms was applied to investigate the existing image of reality perception in the target group, and the DICE acronym was introduced to summarize the desired image of the future in university students. The practical results of the research consist in the possibilities to assess the potential of practices in the disciplines within the framework of «Soft Skills» in SPbPU and modernization of similar practices in other universities. Conclusions. The article concludes about the need to build an effective feedback system with university students, which will allow, based on specialized Soft Skills practices, to respond flexibly to needs in the field of deficit skills and competencies of students and ensure their acquisition. In addition, the importance of identifying the existing narratives in the youth environment in the field of perception of social environment and social time to realize the educational, communicative and moral functions of higher education institutions is shown.
Shaping civic values of modern youth: Evaluating the influence of the international plein air as a specially organized artistic practice
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Sokolov Maksim Vladimirovich , Kucherevskaya Marina Olegovna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Shalyapin Oleg Vasilyevich ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Kobacheuskaya Sviatlana Mikhailovna ,   M. Tank Belarusian State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article investigates the problem of patriotic education of modern youth. The purpose of the research is to identify and clarify the peculiarities of the influence of an international plein air as a specially organized artistic practice on the formation of modern youth civic values. Materials and Methods. The research is based on axiological and personality-centered approaches. The main research method is theoretical (reviewing regulatory documents and scholarly literature, analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization and data interpretation). In addition, a practical method was used (students performing search and short-term training exercises, as well as long-term artistic compositions). The project of the International Art Competition called ‘Without Borders’ that is analyzed in the article is a new format of an online professional Internet competition for students majoring in Arts for partner pedagogical universities. Results. The article analyzes the results of the international project on patriotic education and formation of civic values in modern students, implemented within the framework of cooperation between pedagogical universities of Belarus and Russia. The study convincingly proves that it is the plein air that provides an effective environment for developing students’ artistic and creative skills, implementing patriotic education of students, as well as contributes to shaping their readiness to organize patriotic educational activities in the future. Conclusions. The article concludes about the specifics of the influence of the international plein air as a specially organized artistic practice on the formation of modern students’ civic values.
Professional and personal development of newly-qualified teachers as a factor in sustainable development of the region
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Permyakov Anatoly Viktorovich , Petryakov Petr Anatolievich ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Shirin Alexander Glebovich ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Tsyvunina Anastasia Dmitrievna ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Pevzner Mikhail Naumovich ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of newly-qualified teachers’ professional development. The aim of the study is to identify the difficulties of novice teachers during their adaptation in educational settings of the region and to substantiate the ways to improve the quality of initial teacher education in the system of continuous teacher education. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study consists of contextual biographical and cluster approaches. The contextual biographical approach involves studying teachers’ professional biographies in the system of continuing education, taking into account complex external conditions. The cluster approach defines the principles of interaction between various stakeholders within the regional community in order to ensure the sustainable development of the regional educational system. In order to achieve the research goal, the following methods were used: theoretical (analysis of scholarly literature, comparison, generalization) and empirical (online questionnaire, focus group method, method of independent expert assessments). Results. Based on the analysis of scholarly literature, the authors provide their definition of professional and personal teachers’ development as a basic component of their professional development during the period of initial teacher education and at the initial stage of professional development. The authors argued that the main difficulty of novice teachers during the adaptation period is their interaction with various subjects of the educational process at school - students and their parents. The article substantiates the necessity of creating a regional educational cluster as an effective mechanism for improving the quality of initial teacher education at different stages of continuous teacher education. Conclusions. Based on the authors’ idea about professional and personal development of teachers as a basic component of their professional development in the initial period of their working life, the study reveals the main difficulties of novice teachers during their adaptation in educational settings of the region, overcoming of which requires changes in the system of psychological, teacher and methods education at universities and colleges. As an effective mechanism for improving the quality of teacher education, the authors substantiated the idea of creating a pedagogical scientific and educational cluster in the region, which unites the participants of the territorial educational community interested in providing the regional education system with highly qualified teaching staff.
Outdoor Amphitheater Planning in Mastplan Activities using Autocad 2 D and Sketchup 3 D Applications
Authors: Misdar Alamsyah  , Muhammad Syarif  , Mohd Hazwan
Published: October 2024

SMK Negeri 1 Sebatik Barat is a school expected to realize SMK Agrotourism, which has a land area of about 35 Hectares. The research "Outdoor Amphitheater Planning In Mastplan Activities Using Autocad 2D And Sketchup 3D Applications” itself was developed so that the existing land can be utilized properly, which planning uses 2D (Autocad) and 3D (SketchUp) applications. The object of this research is Liang Bunyu, West Sebatik, Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan. Data collection uses primary methods where data is collected directly. The results of this study indicate that SMK Negeri 1 Sebatik Barat requires an Outdoor Amphitheater design plan to support the acceleration of the realization of SMK Agrotourism quickly.
Development of Digital Forensic Framework for Anti-Forensic and Profiling Using Open Source Intelligence in Cyber Crime Investigation
Authors: Hakim Muhamad Faishol , Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Cybercrime is a crime that increases every year. The development of cyber crime occurs by utilizing mobile devices such as smartphones. So it is necessary to have a scientific discipline that studies and handles cybercrime activities. Digital forensics is one of the disciplines that can be utilized in dealing with cyber crimes. One branch of digital forensic science is mobile forensics which studies forensic processes on mobile devices. However, in its development, cybercriminals also apply various techniques used to thwart the forensic investigation process. The technique used is called anti-forensics.
Purpose: It is necessary to have a process or framework that can be used as a reference in handling cybercrime cases in the forensic process. This research will modify the digital forensic investigation process. The stages of digital forensic investigations carried out consist of preparation, preservation, acquisition, examination, analysis, reporting, and presentation stages. The addition of the use of Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) and toolset centralization at the analysis stage is carried out to handle anti-forensics and add information from digital evidence that has been obtained in the previous stage.
Methods/Study design/approach: This research will modify the digital forensic investigation process. The stages of digital forensic investigations carried out consist of preparation, preservation, acquisition, examination, analysis, reporting, and presentation stages. The addition of the use of Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) and toolset centralization at the analysis stage is carried out to handle anti-forensics and add information from digital evidence that has been obtained in the previous stage. By testing the scenario data, the results are obtained in the form of processing additional information from the files obtained and information related to user names.
Result/Findings: The result is a digital forensic phase which concern on anti-forensic identification on media files and utilizing OSINT to perform crime suspect profiling based on the evidence collected in digital forensic investigation phase.
Novelty/Originality/Value: Found 3 new types of findings in the form of string data, one of which is a link, and 7 new types in the form of usernames which were not found in the use of digital forensic tools. From a total of 408 initial data and new findings with a total of 10 findings, the percentage of findings increased by 2.45%.
Predicting hardwood porosity domains: Toward cascading computer-vision wood identification models
Authors: Owens Frank C. , Ravindran Prabu , Costa Adriana , Shmulsky Rubin , Wiedenhoeft Alex C.
Published: October 2024

Prior work on computer-vision wood identification (CVWID) for North American hardwoods yielded two independent deep learning models – a 22-class model for diffuse-porous woods and a 17-class model for ring-porous woods – but did not address semi-ring-porous woods nor provide a CVWID solution for an unknown specimen without a human first determining which model to deploy. As untrained human operators would lack the anatomical proficiency to differentiate among porosity domains, it is necessary to develop a consolidated model that can identify diffuse-, ring-, and semi-ring-porous woods. Previous research suggests that prediction accuracy might decrease as class number grows. A potential strategy to reduce the number of classes a CVWID system must consider at a time is to hierarchically deploy a cascade of models. In pursuit of a unified model that can cover North American hardwoods of all porosity types, this study compared the accuracies of a consolidated 39-class (ring- + diffuse-porous) model and a consolidated 42-class (ring- + diffuse- + semi-ring-porous) model with a two-tiered, cascading model scheme whereby images are first differentiated into three porosity domain classes and then again into only those taxonomic classes with that porosity. The results showed that the cascading model scheme can mitigate the accuracy reductions incurred by the 42-class model and nearly eliminate the occurrence of cross-domain misidentifications.