bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and laboratory profile of COVID-19 in children below 15 years
Authors: Chellappan Indumathi , Palanisamy Venkateshwaran , Elangovan Bharathi
Published: August 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in children has varied clinical presentations from asymptomatic infection to severe pneumonia, multi system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and rarely death. To date, limited data has been published on the profile of COVID-19 infection among Indian children. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical spectrum, laboratory parameters, treatment and it’s outcome in children less than 15 years admitted with COVID-19 infection.Methods: This was a cross sectional study done in a tertiary care hospital. Children with COVID-19 infection detected by Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were included.  Results: Out of 167 children, 93 were males (55.6%) and median (Interquartile range- IQR) age of children admitted were 9 (4-13) years. Family cluster (71%) was the dominant source of infection. Majority were asymptomatic (60%, N=100). The predominant symptoms were fever (29%), cough (16%) and rhinorrhea (4.1%). Seven (4.1%) children had comorbidities and two (28%) among them had moderate to severe disease. Median (IQR) total leucocyte count was 7 (4-10) ×103 µl and platelet count was 390 (275-500) ×103 µl. Leukopenia was observed in 58% (N=81), lymphocytosis in 32.8% (N=46) and thrombocytopenia in 3.5% (N=5). Inflammatory markers were raised in 10-15% of children. Peri-bronchial cuffing was the common abnormality (N=14, 17.5%) in chest X-ray (CXR) and peripheral heterogeneous opacities were noted in severe disease. Children with moderate to severe symptoms were treated with remdesivir and steroids.Conclusions: COVID-19 infection in children was often benign and increased severity was noted among those with comorbidities. Leukopenia, lymphocytosis were commonly observed. High inflammatory markers were noted in severe disease. Nil fatality among our study group.
Budesonide nebulization in preterm neonates with evolving brochopulmonary dysplasia after 14 days of life: a case series
Authors: S. Subhodh Shetty , Raja J. Ashok , Muthukumaran N.
Published: August 2021

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) with oxygen dependence at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA), remains an important complication of premature newborns. BPD occurs due to pulmonary inflammation. Reducing pulmonary inﬂammation with postnatal systemic corticosteroids reduces the incidence of BPD but is associated with an increased risk of long and short-term side effects. Local administration of corticosteroids via inhalation might be an effective and safe alternative. Currently, there is no recommendation for use of inhaled corticosteroids in neonatal respiratory care. However, it is being used in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) across the world in ventilator and oxygen-dependent babies. We shared our experience with the use of inhaled budesonide on nine ventilator-dependent very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm neonates in the form of case series and review the literature.
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome-neonate: youngest COVID survivor
Authors: Singla Sushil , Kumar Mohitesh , Raavi Yaswanth C.
Published: August 2021

The novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global public health concern, primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets; though other routes of transmission are documented but not been fully demonstrated. At risk included all age groups, somehow for reasons unknown infants and children appears to be at a lower risk of severe infection, but recently children with hyper inflammatory syndrome and multi-organ dysfunction associated with COVID-19 have been increasingly reported. We report a case of 31-week neonate of 1.292 kg confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, at birth, born to a COVID positive mother, initially developed respiratory distress at birth and abrupt progression to severe distress and later developed pneumothorax and hyper-inflammation (MIS-N). Respiratory support, corticosteroids, enoxaparin, antimicrobials, and other preterm care were given, and finally recovered and discharged after 30 days (1.812 kg). This case highlights the severe presentation of COVID-19 in a pre-term neonate. To the best of our knowledge this is apparently the youngest covid survivor till date reported in world. Clinical data on COVID-19 in new-born is extremely limited, so it is important to understand that these conclusions are based on limited data and our understanding will continue to evolve.
Neonatal Leuconostoc lactis meningitis
Authors: Arumugam Senthil Kumar , Govindharaj Kaviyarasan
Published: August 2021

Leuconostoc lactis has a low potential for human infection, although serious infections have been documented in immunocompromised persons. The source of this organism is a dairy product. A 3-day old neonate was presented with multifocal clonic seizures who were given formula feed from birth. We isolated Leuconostoc lactis in his Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is resistant to vancomycin. L. lactis meningitis was treated successfully with the injection of ampicillin-sulbactam.
Identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve: a dilemma in thyroid surgery
Authors: Gujrathi Atishkumar B. , Kurande Harshada S. , Gadpayale Nishikant , Paikrao Yogesh
Published: August 2021

Background: Surgery of the thyroid gland is one of the most common surgical procedures performed. Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury is the most dreaded complication of thyroid surgery. Hence reducing intraoperative injury is of utmost importance. Routine dissection and identification of the recurrent nerve remain controversial.

Methods: This study consists of 70 patients who underwent thyroid surgery. This study was conducted at our institute during the period of 2 years (2018-2020). Patients were evaluated and operated. Patients with thyroid diseases and normal vocal cords were allocated to two groups randomly; in group A the nerve was identified and in group B the nerve was not identified.

Results: Most of the patients participating in the study were in the age group of 33-42 years. Male to female disease ratio was 0.13:1. In our study out of 70 patients who underwent thyroid surgery, 18 (25.71%) patients suffered from recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. Amongst those 18 patients, 2 palsies (5.71%) were in Group A and 16 palsies (45.71%) were in Group B. Recurrent laryngeal nerve most commonly lied posterior to the inferior thyroid artery on both right (65.38%) as well as left side (45.45%). Most commonly injured recurrent laryngeal nerve was the right sided recurrent laryngeal nerve (77.77%).

Conclusions: Careful dissection of nerve during thyroid surgery eliminates the risk of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. A thorough knowledge of thyroid gland, recurrent laryngeal nerve and its anatomical relations and variations is of utmost importance in preserving the recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery.
Coblation versus bipolar electrocautery tonsillectomy: a comparative study in children
Authors: Kiran G. Abhinav , Rao Y. Prabhakara , Priyanka B. Shanthi , . Supreety
Published: August 2021

Background: Tonsillectomy is a commonly done surgery by ENT surgeons all over the world. There are many surgical techniques to do this surgery. This study is aimed to compare intraoperative efficiency and postoperative recovery between coblation and bipolar electrocautery tonsillectomy.

Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 60 patients that underwent tonsillectomy over 2 years from February 2019 to January 2021 in Mallareddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Suraram, Hyderabad. The patients were equally divided into two groups; coblation tonsillectomy (30 patients) and bipolar electrocautery tonsillectomy (30 patients). Their age ranged between 4-15 years. The operative time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded for each patient and compared. The parents were given a pain diary to record the level of pain each morning for ten days. Also, they were asked to report any complication like bleeding.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the mean operation time and intra operative blood loss between the coblation group and bipolar electrocautery group There was a statistically significant difference in the daily pain scores between the two groups in which the coblation group was associated with lower mean pain score. 1 episode of secondary hemorrhage was recorded in bipolar electrocautery tonsillectomy.

Conclusions: Bipolar electrocautery tonsillectomy offers the same operative speed, similar intraoperative blood loss, more postoperative pain scores when compared with coblation tonsillectomy.
Carcinosarcoma of the nasopharynx: a case report
Authors: Kotu Monica , Olwoch Ian Paul , Kgomo Thabo
Published: August 2021

Carcinosarcoma is a malignant tumor with a dual histological appearance, a squamous epithelial (sarcomatous), and a mesenchymal component. Carcinosarcomas are characterized by a high recurrence rate, metastatic spread, and high morbidity and mortality. Carcinosarcoma can arise from any squamous epithelial lining but rare in the sino-nasal tract. We are presenting a case of a 19-year-old male with a 3-month history of recurrent epistaxis associated with nasal blockage, anosmia, and bilateral complete loss of vision over a few weeks. Carcinosarcoma of the sino-nasal tract is a rare entity and can mimic any sino-nasal malignancy. The optimal treatment of this disease is controversial and lacks a clear guideline, therefore challenging to the treating oncologists. Carcinosarcoma of the head and neck is a rare and aggressive tumor. It poses diagnostic and treatment challenges.
Tubercular otomastoiditis presenting with Citelli’s abscess
Authors: Dorjee Lham , C.B. Manu , Chakraborty Suvamoy , Bhatia Abijeet
Published: August 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) of the temporal bone is a rare condition. Tubercular otomastoiditis presenting with Citelli’s abscess, facial nerve palsy and extensive bone destruction is an unusual condition. As far as we know this maybe the first reported case with the above diagnosis. A 26 year old male patient presented with chronic right ear discharge, decreased hearing and right side facial nerve palsy with tender fluctuant swelling in the right post aural region approximately 10×8 cm in dimension, posterior to the mastoid tip and extending into the occipital region, almost reaching up to the midline posteriorly. High resolution computed tomography (CT) scan of temporal bone and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain was done. He underwent right side mastoid exploration and drainage of the abscess under general anaesthesia. The specimens sent for investigations revealed acid fast bacilli suggestive of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the patient was started on anti-tubercular therapy. In all cases of long-standing chronic otitis media (COM) especially in those with complications, possibility of TB should be ruled out. High index of suspicion is needed for early diagnosis and treatment and to prevent dreaded complications in such patients.
Gossypiboma neck: a case report with review of literature
Authors: Maithani Tripti , Kaintura Madhuri , Hernot Sharad , Arora Kanika
Published: August 2021

Gossypiboma is a dreaded event in surgical expertise. We report a case of post hemithyroidectomy gossypiboma removed 4 years post primary surgery. Initially suspecting it to be a tubercular abscess and fistula, we surprisingly found a surgical gauze on neck exploration. To understand the magnitude of this problem we assembled data on reported gossypibomas post neck surgeries. A detailed search of literature revealed 16 publications (20 cases) with varied clinical picture and differentials. Our case is only the fourth published case wherein there is such a long-standing history and the first to assemble data and review literature on exclusive neck gossypibomas. Although, neck is regarded as a confined cavity with very few obvious crevices where foreign body can be left behind iatrogenically; still, gossypiboma needs to be kept as a differential, especially with a previous surgical history.
308 nm Excimer laser combined with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment for treatment of localized vitiligo
Authors: Kabir Ahmed Raihan , Jing Hai Xia
Published: August 2021

Background: Vitiligo is a long-term skin disease identified by spots of the skin missing their pigment. The spots of skin changed turn white and usually have distinctive perimeters. The hairs that exist on the skin may also turn white due to this disease. Patients inside of the mouth and nose may also be affected by vitiligo. The objective of the study was to analyze results of using 308 nm excimer laser combined with tacrolimus 0.1% ointment for treating the patients associated with localized vitiligo.

Methods: This research adopted a mixed method consisting a qualitative approach, a survey of related articles from renowned journals. Regarding data collected from patient’s database who underwent treatment at BSMMU, Bangladesh. Patients are divided into 3 groups. The first group included 30 vitiligo patients treated with topical 0.1% tacrolimus ointment applied twice daily for 10 weeks of follow-up. The second group consists of 30 vitiligo patients treated with 308 nm excimer laser applied three times a week for 10 weeks of follow-up. The third group of 30 vitiligo patients treated with 308 nm excimer laser combined tacrolimus 0.1% ointment applied twice daily for tacrolimus and three time a week for 308 nm excimer laser for 10 weeks).

Results: The research result showed that the combined treatment of 308 nm excimer laser with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment and 308 nm excimer laser monotherapy are effective, reliable and well tolerated for the vitiligo treatment.

Conclusions: The research result confirms the efficacy of excimer laser therapy in vitiligo patients, suggesting that an association with 0.1% tacrolimus may represent an advance in the treatment of the disease.
A clinical study of cutaneous manifestations in neonates at a tertiary health care center
Authors: Sneha M. , Sadagopan Kumaravel , D. Vaishnavi
Published: August 2021

Background: Cutaneous alterations are commonly seen in neonates as a normal process of adaptation to the external air environment after birth. It is good to know about transient skin lesions in infants to distinguish them from other conditions that prevent unwanted neonate therapy. Parents should be confident of the excellent prognosis of these manifestations of the skin. The aim of the study was to determine the patterns of cutaneous manifestations occurring among the newborn.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the newborn with at-least one cutaneous manifestation. A detailed history of the neonates and mother was collected using pre-designed proforma.

Results: Of 100 neonates, 52 were males, 48 were females, of these, 85 were born at term, 10 were preterm, and 5 were post-term. Mongolian spot was seen in lumbosacral, buttocks and extremities in 80 (80%) neonates, vernix caseosa in 20 (20%) neonates. Milia in 14 (14%) neonates, eczematous eruption in 30 (12.5%).

Conclusions: This neonatal skin research has provided details on normal variants occurs during the neonatal phase. It is necessary to know that most newborn skin lesions are temporary and do not require any treatment.
Standardization of Amarantha hair oil with special reference to identification of β-sitosterol as major component having 5α-reductase inhibitory activity/hair growth promoting activity
Authors: Keshwar Unmesh S. , Nipanikar Sanjay U. , Kasabe Ankita R. , Patil Priyanka B.
Published: August 2021

Background: Androgenetic alopecia is a common form of hair loss in both men and women. Synthetic drugs like minoxidil and finastride are available treatment for androgenetic alopecia, however, use of these drugs on long term basis may cause many side effects. Hence there was a need to have an effective and safe alternative option. Ari Healthcare Pvt. Ltd. has developed Amarantha hair oil (herbal hair oil) to be used for dandruff, hair fall and premature greying of hair. The aim was to standardize Amarantha hair oil with special reference to identification of β-sitosterol as major component having 5α-reductase inhibitory activity/hair growth promoting activity.

Methods: Amarantha hair oil was prepared by using various herbal ingredients which contains β-sitosterol as active marker compound. Amarantha hair oil was evaluated for appearance, weight per ml, refractive index, acid value, saponification value, peroxide value, TLC Identification of β-sitosterol, assay of β-sitosterol content using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and microbiological tests. Also accelerated stability study was performed.

Results: All the parameters tested were within normal limits. Amarantha hair oil was stable in accelerated stability study. We found that almost all the ingredients of formulation contain β-sitosterol when analysed using HPTLC. Amarantha hair oil contains 0.52% of β-sitosterol.

Conclusions: All the ingredients and Amarantha hair oil contain β-sitosterol that helps in promotion of hair growth.

 
Slit skin smear or Fite-Faraco staining of tissue sample, which is a better indicator of bacillary load?
Authors: Appannavar Shruti , . Kiran , Ingalagi Amit Ashok , . Rohith
Published: August 2021

Background: Leprosy is clinically diagnosed on the basis of presence of following cardinal signs: 1. Hypopigmented or erythematous anesthetic patch on skin, 2. Thickened and/or tender peripheral/cutaneous nerve, 3. Acid fast bacilli in slit skin smear. This study aims at comparing bacillary indices in slit skin smears with that from biopsy samples.

Methods: After obtaining informed written consent, slit skin smears were performed and observed for acid fast bacilli. Punch biopsies of lesions were taken and processed and stained with Fite-Faraco technique. The presence or absence of acid-fast bacilli in both modalities was noted.

Results: Slit skin smears were positive in 24 patients and negative in the rest. And 26 patient’s biopsy reports had Fite-Faraco positivity, out of the total 46 patients. The p=0.67 which was not significant at significance value 0.05.

Conclusions: Skin smear is an equally reliable indicator of bacillary load as Fite-Faraco bacillary index in tissue.

 
A study on the cutaneous manifestations of patients with internal malignancy attending a cancer center in Kanyakumari District
Authors: Simon Nivin , Varghese Mulamoottil George , Pravin A. J. S. , Padmaprasad M. K. , Rajagopal S. , Vijayabharathi M. , I. Sushma
Published: August 2021

Background: Cutaneous metastasis from an internal malignancy is rare and usually occurs at the later stages. Cutaneous changes may also be the presenting feature of some underlying malignancies. To determine the frequency of cutaneous manifestations in cancer patients attending the Cancer centre of Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kanyakumari.

Methods: This was a prospective hospital-based study. 218 patients with malignancies involving various organs, attending the Cancer Centre of Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kanyakumari, were recorded for a period of 6 months from October 2020 to February 2021. Approval from the Institutional research ethical committee was obtained.

Results: In our study, the most common non-specific cutaneous manifestation was generalized pruritis, observed in 17.88% of the patients, followed by acquired ichthyosis in 12.38% of the patients, and herpes zoster in 11.46% of the patients. Specific cutaneous manifestations included cutaneous metastatic infiltrates, observed in 5.04% of the patients.

Conclusions: Skin metastases may herald the recurrence of a malignancy after treatment and usually indicate a poor prognosis.
Clinical profile of cutaneous manifestations of connective tissue diseases in North-East India
Authors: Subba Deepa Mala , Thokchom Nandakishore , Kongbam Linda , Salam Erika , Yumnam Deepa
Published: August 2021

Background: Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders having overlapping clinical features. Skin is often involved and it may be the earliest sign of the disease. This study highlighted the various cutaneous manifestations of common CTDs.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out for a period of two years in 83 patients with CTDs in dermatology OPD, RIMS, Imphal. Detailed history taking, examination and relevant serological tests were performed.

Results: The mean age was 39.78±17.29 years with female to male ratio of 4.5:1. Majority of the patients had lupus erythematosus (LE) (N=45) followed by systemic sclerosis (SSc) (N=25), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (N=6), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) (N=4) and morphea (N=3). The most common presentation was raised skin lesions (45.8%) followed by Raynaud’s phenomenon (36.1%), photosensitivity (27.7%), skin tightness (26.5%) and joint pain (19.3%). Among LE patients, chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE) was the commonest variant and localised discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) (22.9%) was the commonest presentation followed by malar rash and annular subacute lupus erythematosus (SCLE). Skin induration, microstomia and sclerodactyly were seen in most patients of SSc. Antinuclear antibodies were positive in 89.1% of patients. Anti-dsDNA and anti-Sm antibodies were positive in 62.2% and 33.3% of LE patients, anti-Scl 70 antibody was positive in 68% of SSc patients.

Conclusions: CTDs are rare but potentially life-threatening. Proper understanding of the spectrum of cutaneous manifestations of CTDs is therefore necessary for early diagnosis and efficient management.
Bilateral symmetric Merkel cell carcinomas of the dorsal hands: multiple primary tumors or early metastasis?
Authors: Seyffert Jennifer , Herman Alysa , Katz Brian , Rivlin Daniel
Published: August 2021

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive and uncommon neuroendocrine tumor which clinically presents as a rapidly growing solitary nodule or plaque located in sun exposed areas on the head, neck, and extremities. Merkel cell carcinomas can be UV-induced or result from viral infection with the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV). We present a unique case of bilateral symmetric Merkel cell carcinomas located on the dorsal hands and briefly discuss options for genomic investigation to delineate if the tumors are multiple primary tumors or result of metastatic disease.
A clinic biochemical study of status of fasting serum insulin and lipid profile in PCOS patients and to determine correlation between BMI and HOMA index in PCOS patients
Authors: Yadav Sumitra , Gupta Manisha
Published: August 2021

The importance of insulin resistance, compensatory hyperinsulinemia, and its effects, many of which have adverse effects on both the metabolic and reproductive organs. Treatment options for insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia include lifestyle changes, exercise, weight loss, and or the use of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) or metformin. Weight loss measures are essential to the treatment of this condition. Lifestyle, exercise, and dietary changes, weight loss has been shown to reduce hyperandrogenism, increase ovulation and pregnancy rates, and improve immune conflict. Numerous studies have suggested that metformin plays an important role in the treatment of PCOS including restoring ovulation, weight loss, reducing androgen cycle levels, reducing the risk of miscarriage, and reducing the risk of gestational diabetes (GDM).

PCOS patients may develop severe dyslipidemia, such as increased LDL-C and TG levels and decreased HDL-C levels associated with hyperandrogenism, IR, and chronic inflammation. Therefore, statins are widely used in the treatment of PCOS patients to reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperandrogenemia, and other metabolic disorders. Statins have been reported to block HMG-CoA inhibiting mevalonate synthesis, which is a necessary substrate for cholesterol production and can be used to synthesize other important lipid links, therefore, statins can improve lipid status and hyperandrogenism.
Pregnancy outcomes in women presenting with single versus multiple episodes of reduced fetal movements: A prospective observational study
Authors: Pallavee P , Podili Prudvi Rani , Samal Rupal , Ghose Seetesh
Published: August 2021

Fetal movement counting may assist clinicians to intervene at the right time and improve perinatal outcomes, but may sometimes cause unnecessary interventions. A recent Cochrane review in 2015 concludes that there is insufficient evidence to influence practice. This prospective observational study was conducted to evaluate pregnancy outcomes of 103 pregnant women presenting with primary complaints of reduced fetal movements to our Institute.

All patients underwent ultrasonography (USG) and non-stress testing (NST) as preliminary investigations and were followed up till delivery. Labor outcomes like onset of labor, mode of delivery, neonatal outcomes like APGAR scores, admission to NICU for > 24 hours, birth weight, neonatal complications and maternal complications were noted.

One hundred and three pregnant women presented with reduced fetal movements, of whom, 65% were term primigravida between the ages of 18-26 years. 47.5% belonged to the high risk pregnancy group. The rates of admission (62.1%), induction (77.7%) and cesarean section (43.7%) were high in this group. Pregnancy outcomes did not differ between single and multiple episodes of reduced fetal movements. Based on risk categorization we found that a single episode of reduced fetal movement was associated with approximately 70% good neonatal outcomes, whereas there was 50% risk of adverse neonatal outcomes with multiple episodes. Though this was clinically significant we could not establish statistical significance for this result.

Reduced fetal movement can occur in both low and high risk pregnant population. Pregnancy outcomes between single and multiple episodes of RFM were not significantly different.
Influence of demographic profiles and spinal anaesthesia procedures on patients with treated and untreated coffee related to post dural puncture headache pain score
Authors: Jyotsana  , Sreeja L
Published: August 2021

Post Dural Puncture Headache (PDPH) is an iatrogenic complication of spinal anaesthesia (SP) and has devastating consequences.

To assess the effect of Coffee on occurrence of PDPH in post-operative patients of Interventional and control groups by comparing the mean PDPH pain scores related to demographic profiles and spinal anaesthesia procedures.

An experimental approach in which 60 patients were recruited from the accessible population and was further allocated randomly to Interventional (30) and Control (30) groups. The patients were compared the demographical profiles viz. age, education and marital status and spinal anaesthesia procedures viz. surgery types, needle size and amount of fluid intake related to PDPH pain scores by Numerical Rating Scale after administration of three doses (130mg caffeine in 150ml) of coffee at intervals of 12hrs in Interventional group and only routine care in control group.

The main findings in this study were that the incidence of PDPH is lower in Interventional group compared to control group with statistically significant difference (P<0.001) but it is not influenced by demographic profiles as well as SP procedures in Interventional group compared to control group without statistically significant observation after 24 hrs, 48hrs and 72hrs NRS pain score, respectively.

The use coffee is an effective, safe, non-invasive treatment for prevention of PDPH.
Antenatal umbilical cord coiling index as a predictor of pregnancy outcome
Authors: John Lopamudra B , Aanandini Takkellapati , Rathod Setu
Published: August 2021

: Fetal compromise as a major contributor to neonatal morbidity is of great concern for obstetricians. Antenatal risk assessment profiles are often insufficient in picking up these cases and hence need to be improved. Antenatal Umbilical cord Coiling Index (AUCI) is one such potential predictor which helps in identifying pregnant women who need close antepartum and intrapartum monitoring. It is determined by ultrasonogram antenatally and noted to be fixed throughout the pregnancy. This study aims at determining the association between AUCI and pregnancy outcome.

: This was a hospital based prospective analytical study conducted in a tertiary care centre in Pondicherry from January 2019 to May 2020. 207 pregnant women were included in the study and Colour doppler was performed and AUCI was noted. Participants were followed until delivery and pregnancy outcomes were noted.

: Chi square and Fischer exact test

: In the present study, among 207 subjects, 166 had normal AUCI i.e., 0.41 to 0.61. Hypocoiling was noted in 20 (< 0.41) and hypercoiling in 21(>0.61) subjects. Hypocoiling was associated with hypertension and oligohydramnios in10% cases each. Nonreasssuring fetal (NRFHR) heart rate, meconium stained liquor and low APGAR values were present in 15, 20 and 10% cases respectively. Hypercoiling was associated with diabetes (10%), hypertension (5%), oligohydramnios (10%), polyhydramnios (5%), NRFHR (10%) and meconium stained liquor (5%). However, there was no statistical significance among the above mentioned parameters.
Ovarian teratomas in bimodal age groups- Case report
Authors: Rao Bharathi , Bhatia Shweta , Suresh Pooja K , Bhatt Anusha S
Published: August 2021

Ovarian teratomas are the most common germ cell tumors and are classified as mature, immature and malignant.

Mature cystic teratomas, also called dermoid cysts, are the most common germ cell tumour, accounting for upto 70% of benign ovarian masses in the reproductive years and 20% in postmenopausal women.

Immature ovarian teratoma affects primarily younger patients and mature cystic teratomas seen in reproductive age groups.

This case report provides a brief summary of the clinicopathological features of the ovarian teratomas such as, the immature teratoma which being a rare tumour was diagnosed in a 15 year old adolescent girl, managed surgically by laparotomy followed by chemotherapy, and the other case of a benign mature cystic teratoma in an elderly 52 year old postmenopausal woman, managed surgically although benign cystic teratomas are rare in the postmenopausal age group.
The image of R. A. Kadyrov in russian and foreign media
Authors: Nikulin Egor
Published: August 2021

This article is devoted to the phenomenon of the political image of R. A. Kadyrov in electronic versions of popular foreign and domestic print media. In the study, by studying the content associated with this leader of the Russian region in the traditional media space, the discourse field around R.A.Kadyrov in the Chechen Republic, the Russian Federation and abroad is analyzed.
Object in Object-oriented Ontology by Graham Haman
Authors: Vorobeva Aleksandra
Published: August 2021

This article discusses the main provisions of the object-oriented ontology of Graham Harman. The four-fold structure of an object is analyzed in detail as the relationship of sensory qualities, real qualities, a sensory object and a real object, as a result of the interaction of which the fundamental ontological structures of time and space arise. Some problems arising from the basic postulates of the system, such as the lack of interaction between real objects and the indeterminacy of the "ego", are also addressed.
Reforming the jury in Russia
Authors: Antonen Anastasiya
Published: August 2021

The article examines the development of jury courts in Russia, the stages of their reform from the emergence during the reform period of 1864 to the present. The statistical indicators of jury cases considered by the courts are analyzed. The problem of excessive emotionality of jury verdicts is raised. The ways of solving the current situation within the framework of the development of the institution of jury in the Russian Federation are proposed.
Psychological and Physiological Complications of Post-Burn Patients in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Meher B , Ali Mashal B
Published: August 2021

Pakistan has a burn mortality rate of 6.5%, with a considerable percentage of survivors suffering from long-term complications due to lack of rehabilitation. The aim of this review is to outline the important physiological and psychological after-effects of burn injuries. Relevant articles were included by conducting a comprehensive search between 20th March and 25th May 2020.  Psychological complications of burns include depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, sleep disturbance, phobias, guilt, suicidal thoughts, and personality changes. Physiological complications include scarring, contractures, pain, muscle wasting, and hypothermia. Other complications include infections. The review revealed a scarcity of literature regarding the prevalence and impact of long-term complications in post-burn patients. Our findings include a lack of rehabilitative services and high rate of post-burn complications in Pakistan. Rehabilitation of burn patients should be a continuation of active treatment and should begin from the day of admission, to reduce the morbidity and improve the quality of life of burn patients.

Keywords: Burns; physiology; psychology; rehabilitation; quality of life.
Análise do perfil fitoquímico e da atividade fotoprotetora do extrato aquoso de Plectranthus ornatus codd. (boldo chinês)
Authors: Medeiros Simões Mylena , Francyherla Miguel da Silva Leite Maria , Matias Cariri Marques Fernanda , Santos Bernadete , Maurício André Campos de Medeiros Maurício , Oliveira Filho Abrahão Alves
Published: August 2021

A radiação ultravioleta faz parte do espectro eletromagnético transmitido pelo sol e inclui oscomprimentos de onda ultravioleta (UV), que pode ser subdividida em U-VC, U-VB e U-VA. Esses raiosUV podem ocasionar não só efeitos agudos como eritemas, queimaduras provocadas pelo sol efotossensibilidade, mas também crônicos, como envelhecimento cutâneo e câncer de pele. Nesse sentido,a aplicação de produtos que funcionem como protetor solar é um meio eficiente para previnir e diminuiros efeitos das radiações UV. Assim, substâncias existentes nas plantas como taninos, alcaloides eflavonoides, podem ser utilizadas com o intuito de fornecer proteção à pele. Logo, esse trabalho tevecomo objetivo avaliar o perfil fitoquímico e o fator de proteção solar (FPS) do extrato aquoso dePlectranthus ornatus Codd., através do teste in vitro. Os dados foram submetidos à equação proposta porMansur et al. (1986), para avaliar o FPS, realizando análises por espectrofotometria de varredura naregião UV-B. Além disso, foi realizada a análise fitoquímica com base em reações químicas queresultaram em alteração da coloração e/ou precipitação que são específicos, através da metodologia deMatos (1997), na qual indicou a presença dos metabólitos secundários alcaloides e taninos. Avaliando osresultados alcançados, nota-se que as concentrações de 500 µg.mL-1 e 1000 µg.mL-1, apresentarampotencial fotoprotetor, com FPS 6,99 e 14,07, respectivamente, sugerindo uma possível utilização comoprotetor solar em fitocosméticos.
Formação para o SUS em disciplinas básicas dos cursos de saúde: Uma experiência do PET-Saúde/GraduaSUS
Authors: Morais Cyntia Fiuza , Dos Anjos Batista Patrícia Camila , Alpoim de Jesus Dutra Maria Fernanda , De Oliveira Souza Barbara Soares , Da Cruz Kathleen Tereza , Sousa Corrêa Vivian de Oliveira
Published: August 2021

Este artigo relata experiência do PET-Saúde/GraduaSUS do curso de Medicina do Campus UFRJ-Macaé que tem proposta pedagógica nos moldes das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs). As principais atuações do projeto foram mudanças curriculares alinhadas às DCNs, desenvolvimento docente e integração ensino-serviço-comunidade. Como resultados, já alcançamos maior compreensão das DCNs, montamos um curso de atualização em ensino, que iniciou mobilizações em torno de métodos ativos de ensino-aprendizagem; curso de extensão para docentes, para maior integração ensino-serviço- comunidade; interações entre disciplinas essencialmente biológicas com outras mais aplicadas à clínica médica e à saúde pública; uso de metodologia ativa em liga acadêmica do curso de Medicina. Ademais, houve aproximação dos docentes que atuam no ciclo básico com o SUS, através de cursos e visitas a serviços de saúde. As ações deste grupo PET-Saúde/GraduaSUS tem gerado mobilizações e acreditamos ser o início de mudanças significativas na formação dos profissionais de saúde do Campus UFRJ-Macaé com consequente impacto na qualidade de serviços assistenciais no SUS.
Estágio supervisionado: Promoção e prevenção de saúde bucal a indivíduos da terceira idade
Authors: Resk Ramyla Leitão , Passos Shirley Maria de Araújo , Monteiro Angela Xavier , Pinto Adriana Beatriz Silveira , Silva Jefter Haad Ruiz da
Published: August 2021

Introdução: A odontologia geriátrica é uma especialidade que engloba, especificamente, o cuidado bucal da população idosa, tratando do atendimento voltado à prevenção e cura de pacientes com doenças ou condições de caráter sistêmico e crônico associado a problemas físicos ou patológicos. O modo como se aborda pacientes geriátricos difere daquele dirigido ao público em geral, por isso, estágios e vivências neste cenário podem surtir grandes impactos em âmbitos acadêmicos e comunitários. Dessa forma, este artigo busca relatar a experiencia de um estágio acadêmico direcionado à indivíduos da terceira idade de uma instituição pública. Material e Métodos: Acadêmicos da Universidade Estadual do Amazonas (UEA) realizaram ações de promoção e prevenção odontológica à indivíduos do público-alvo, adequando a linguagem científica às necessidades dessas pessoas, lançando mão de recursos como macromodelos, projetores, cartazes, e suporte clínico à melhor integração de saúde bucal dos participantes do estágio. Resultados: 58 idosos participaram ativamente das atividades, sendo possível atestar que a maioria das comorbidades bucais detectadas em nível clínico estavam de acordo com o descrito em estudos científicos, instigando os acadêmicos a buscarem soluções específicas aos diversos casos encontrados. Conclusão: O estágio supervisionado beneficiou tanto acadêmicos quanto a população idosa que participou das atividades, indicando a importância em se implementar vivências acadêmicas que propiciem um aperfeiçoamento técnico e humano em práticas odontológicas.
Mortalidade em portadores de HIV/aids no Pará
Authors: Pontes Karolaine Galvão , Matsumura Erica Silva de Souza , Cunha Katiane da Costa
Published: August 2021

Verificar o índice de mortalidade em portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e/ou aids no estado do Pará entre os anos de 2007 a 2017. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo, por meio da base de dados DATASUS (departamento de informática do sistema único de saúde) na faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos. Como resultados temos, a região metropolitana I apresentou maior prevalência de óbitos, seguida de Carajás. A idade onde se concentrou maior mortalidade foi em adultos de 30 a 39 anos, além de que o estado civil mais comum foram os declarados solteiros. Em relação ao índice de escolaridade, a maioria se concentrou entre 4 a 7 anos de estudo, e no que concerne a cor/raça, a parda foi a mais comum. A respeito da região Metropolitana I apesar de ter quantitativo menor de municípios foi a com maior mortalidade devido a questão populacional, a discrepância entre homens  e mulheres se deve ao fato de que eles não procuram centros de saúde com assiduidade, já o tempo de estudo foi relativamente curto devido a problemas escolares/reprovações. Portanto, o HIV ainda é um importante marcador de mortalidade no estado do Pará, e os homens ainda são maioria nesses casos.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DO AEDES AEGYPTI EM ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE BEZERROS-PE
Authors: Santos Lucas , VIEIRA LUIS GUILHERME , Nascimneto Illielda , Nunes Luana , Naftali Efraim
Published: August 2021

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar a distribuição espacial do Aedes aegypti em escolas públicas do município de Bezerros-PE. Com o intuito de avaliar áreas vulneráveis a transmissão de arboviroses, no período de junho a novembro de 2018. Foram utilizadas armadilhas de oviposição para avaliar os quantitativos de ovos e coletados um total de 3.277 ovos, sendo estes 2.898 viáveis e 379 inviáveis. Após esse levantamento, foi possível correlacionar os dados climáticos, índices entomológicos e socioeconômicos e classificar a área em risco, alerta e controle para a transmissão de arboviroses.
Bulário informativo como ferramenta de ensino e aprendizagem na disciplina de farmacologia veterinária
Authors: Ribeiro Dimas Dal Magro , Gomes Etiele Maldonado , Beckmann Diego Vilibaldo , De Oliveira Marília Teresa
Published: August 2021

Tendo em vista a necessidade de avaliação de métodos alternativos de ensino e a escassez de estudos demonstrando a aplicabilidade dessas ferramentas em componentes curriculares específicos do curso de medicina veterinária, objetiva-se avaliar o impacto de uma ferramenta didática alternativa (bulário informativo), utilizada como adjuvante ao ensino tradicional, no desempenho dos discentes na disciplina de farmacologia veterinária da Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa). Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo com os dados referentes à retenção dos alunos que cursaram a disciplina em questão no primeiro e segundo semestre de 2017. Para tanto, foram analisados os planos de ensino e diários de classe de cada semestre. Antes da implementação do bulário informativo, primeiro semestre de 2017, os níveis de reprovação foram muito elevados, atingindo um percentual de 50,72%, desses, 18,84% reprovaram por infrequência. Esses valores refletem em um grande problema de retenção na disciplina de farmacologia veterinária, corroborando os dados gerais da instituição. Os resultados após a implementação dessa didática foram promissores, pois a porcentagem de reprovações regrediu para 21,66%. Dessa forma, os resultados mostram que a ferramenta alternativa, bulário informativo, é eficaz e auxilia os discentes no processo de construção do saber durante a realização da disciplina de farmacologia veterinária.
Terapia gênica em doenças falciformes: Análise dos efeitos curativos nas beta-talassemias e nas anemias falciformes
Authors: Sarmento Ianaly Raiane Abrantes , Souza Maria Alciene Saraiva de , Abreu Dandara Dias Cavalcante , Gomes Maria Raphaella Ferreira
Published: August 2021

OBJETIVO: relacionar as Doenças Falciformes com a terapia gênica, tendo em vista a possibilidade da correção genética dessas hemoglobinopatias hereditárias. MÉTODOS:  o delineamento consistiu em uma revisão integrativa a partir de artigos publicados nas bases de dados PubMed, Lilacs, e da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), combinando os seguintes descritores: Genetic therapy AND Anemia, Sickle Cell e Beta-thalassemia AND Anemia, Sickle Cell. Após busca e aplicações dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão restaram assim oito artigos, os quais compõem esta revisão. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÕES: a maioria dos artigos utilizados faziam uma abordagem geral sobre a terapia genética em pacientes beta-talassêmicos, comparando as características destes com as dos indivíduos falciformes, ressaltando as grandes chances de controle e até mesmo da cura destas através da inserção ou edição de genes como também transplante das células hematopoiéticas. Estudos atuais apostam em avanços científicos no ramo da biologia da manipulação para que haja uma modificação genética com transfusão de células em crianças pré-diagnosticadas com alguma hemoglobinopatia, impedindo assim que ocorram as manifestações clínicas da doença. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: sabendo-se do grande número de nascidos portando algum tipo de Doença Falciforme, a modificação genética do sangue do cordão umbilical e o desenvolvimento de células estaminais hematopoiéticas seria, portanto uma terapia ideal para a diminuição dos casos de recém-nascidos portadores de Anemia Falciforme ou de Beta-talassemia. Já nos casos já existentes, a abordagem terapêutica que mostra maior eficiência e facilidade de acesso seria àquela que combina o aumento do volume celular com a diminuição da hemoglobina intracelular.
Prevalência de crianças menores de cinco anos com pneumonia em um hospital de Recife-PE
Authors: Anjos Juliane Francisca dos , Lima Milene Aparecida da Silva , Lima Michelle Cardoso
Published: August 2021

A pneumonia é uma doença tratável causada por vários agentes etiológicos com alto índice de hospitalização em crianças com até cinco anos de idade sendo ainda a principal causa de mortes em crianças de um a quatro anos de idade. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar a prevalência de crianças menores de cinco anos internadas por pneumonia em um hospital da cidade de Recife-PE em 2017. A amostra foi constituída por 190 prontuários de crianças que deram entrada na enfermaria pediátrica com diagnóstico de pneumonia no ano de 2017. Observou-se que o maior número de internações ocorreu em crianças entre um e dois anos de idade (52,63%), 53,15% da amostra foi composta por meninos e 99,47% eram pardos. A maioria era proveniente de Recife e região metropolitana (80,0%). Apresentaram outras comorbidades 42,63% das crianças admitidas no serviço, onde a asma se destaca como a principal doença (40,74%). Os sinais e sintomas mais prevalentes na admissão foram febre (67,89%) e tosse (71,05%); e o principal agente causador da pneumonia foram as bactérias (73,68%) seguida pelas pneumonias não especificadas (24,73%);94,73%foi submetido a antibioticoterapia, sendo a Ampicilina (90,0%) e o Rocefin (78,0%)os antibióticos mais utilizados. Destaca-se que 40,0% das crianças necessitaram de internamento na UTI pediátrica e 95,0%recebeu alta hospitalar. Contudo, compreende-se a importância do diagnóstico precoce e do tratamento correto, visto que uma conduta bem avaliada evita o agravamento do quadro das crianças diminuindo assim o tempo de internação hospitalar.
A educação alimentar de nutricional como estratégia no tratamento e controle do diabetes mellitus tipo 2: Uma revisão sistemática.
Authors: Silva Samillys Valeska Bezerra de França , Ávila Rígila Taiane Cunha , Couto Lívia Viviane Guimarães do
Published: August 2021

A Educação Alimentar e Nutricional é considerada como uma ferramenta imprescindível para o controle glicêmico em diabéticos tipo 2. O estudo objetivou avaliar se as intervenções de educação nutricional melhoram o controle glicêmico em portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Realizou-se a busca para seleção dos estudos nos bancos de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health- (Pubmed), e Cochrane Library. Foram identificados 5.437 estudos nas bases, após a seleção foram elegidos 6 estudos para a revisão sistemática. As intervenções nutricionais melhoram significativamente o controle glicêmico em pacientes de meia idade com diabetes tipo 2. Cinco estudos mostram resultados positivos na melhora do controle glicêmico e um estudo não apresentou melhora significativa nos níveis glicêmicos comparado ao grupo controle. A partir desses resultados, a maioria dos estudos demonstrou que os programas de educação nutricional melhoram o nível de conhecimento nutricional e aumentam a adesão às práticas de alimentação saudável em grupos de diabéticos tipo 2 e melhoram significativamente o controle glicêmico.
Speech Encryption Technique using S - box based on Multi Chaotic Maps
Authors: Mohammed Abdullah Sarah , Qays Abduljaleel Iman
Published: August 2021

This paper proposes the establishment of a secure encryption system for data transmission that includes three stages: first stage is a scrambling stage that is divided into scrambling of different sizes blocks and scrambling bits, the second stage is the use of DNA code to flip the bits and the third stage is the encryption using the Substitution box by 256 keys. The scheme is analysed using a variety of metrics. The findings demonstrate that the proposed system is significantly more reliable and robust against various forms of attacks than several recent related speech signal encryption systems.