bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Qualitative Exploration of Family and Marital Challenges Faced by the Hepatitis-B Positive Patients and Their Partners in Central India
Authors: Pal Anjali , Panigrahi Sunil Kumar , Parija Pragyan Paramita
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

More than 40 million people in India are thought to be chronically infected with hepatitis B. Though envisaged in the year 2019, the national program for control of viral hepatitis is still in very nascent stage of implementation. The management of hepatitis B after diagnosis is heterogeneous all across the country and mostly out of reach of the vulnerable rural population far from cities with low socioeconomic status. There is a need to explore the impact of disease and the challenges faced by the patients and their partners.

Methodology:

The study is a qualitative research using in-depth interviews of the married couples with one of the partners diagnosed positive for HBsAg since at least 1 year. The interviews were conducted in vernacular language and transcripted by translation and back translation. The transcription was coded and thematically analyzed before interpretation of the results. The analysis was done using Atlas Ti software (version 7.1.8).

Results:

Themes identified in the interview were related to disease diagnosis, disease management, disease awareness, and impact on social or marital life. The awareness about the disease source or complication was suboptimal but awareness about sexual transmission of the infection was high. The disease diagnosis was mostly incidental, and in the majority of cases, they were diagnosed during pre-surgical tests. Most of the patients were not educated about the disease, lifelong treatment, prevention or screening among the family members, referral, or appropriate follow-ups. The availability of the medicines is a huge problem, and hence, all of our participants were non-adherent to medication.

Conclusion:

The findings of the study are valuable in view of huge burden of the disease and unavailability of universal treatment or information about the disease. The diseased person’s experiences low discrimination or stigma as compared to other blood-borne infections, and hence, the epidemiology of disease provides an unique window of opportunity for awareness through authentic health information regarding the infection, prevention through vaccination, and screening. There is also a need for widespread provision of disease medications and standard guidelines for management.
Effect of the Community-based SPARSH Program on Control of Selected NCDs: Mixed Methods Evaluation
Authors: Chaudhari Dhara , Dongre Amol R. , Shinde Mayur K. , Deshmukh Pradeep R.
Published: February 2025

Background:

In community settings, lack of availability of care, nonadherence to medication, high cost of treatment, and poor outcomes of treatment are the core problems in noncommunicable disease (NCD) management. Is there an effect of the community-based SPARSH program on treatment adherence, treatment expenditure, and control among selected NCDs? What are the reasons for low treatment adherence to treatment from patients’ point of view?

Methodology:

It was a community-based explanatory type of mixed method evaluation design, where major quantitative (cross-sectional survey) design followed a minor qualitative (free list) component. A representative sample of 850 NCD patients were selected by two-stage cluster sampling. Structured interviews were done to collect information on history of tobacco and alcohol consumption, treatment adherence, measurement of obesity, blood sugar, and blood pressure levels among known NCD patients. A directed acyclic graph was developed, and path analysis was performed using STATA software. Free list was done with patients who were found to have low adherence to treatment. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee.

Results:

As revealed from path analysis, NCD patients enrolled in the SPARSH program had better treatment adherence, which ultimately led to control of hypertension and diabetes. Ninety percent of patients enrolled in SPARSH had high adherence to treatment, and 90% of them had control in their NCD status. Patients with low adherence to medication reported three major reasons for it: 1) forgetting to take the medicines due to a busy schedule, 2) lack of money to purchase medicines, and 3) feeling better, so felt not necessary to take medicines.

Conclusion:

The SPARSH program was found to be effective to control hypertension and diabetes among enrolled patients for its services by improving treatment adherence among them. The key strategy of the program based on home visits to patients, counseling, and doorstep delivery of prescribed medication through trained village health workers contributed to treatment adherence and control status.
Prevalence of Diarrhea Among under-5 Children and Health-Seeking Behavior of Mothers in a Resettlement Colony of Delhi, India: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sangma Risa Vernette N. , Rasania Sanjeev Kumar
Published: February 2025

Background:

Diarrheal diseases have known to affect the well-being of under-5 children significantly, especially in developing countries. Mothers’ knowledge about diarrheal diseases and decision making plays an important role in limiting the occurrence of the disease and also its complications among under-5 children. To study the prevalence of diarrheal disease among under-5 children and to assess the health-seeking behavior of mothers.

Methodology:

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a resettlement colony, and a total of 553 under-5 children were studied. Data on health-seeking behavior were obtained from the mothers/care givers and were analyzed using Chi-square test.

Result:

The prevalence of diarrheal disease among under-5 children in the resettlement colony was found to be 40.7%. About 60.7% of mothers belonged to the age group of 25–34 years, 26.7% were illiterate, and 55.6% belonged to the upper-lower socioeconomic status. Breast feeding was restricted in 31.2% under-5 children, and about 40.0% preferred visiting a private practitioner for diarrheal diseases. Only 49.6% and 41.0% of the mothers whose children had diarrhea followed WaSH practices before preparing food and after cleansing the child’s excreta. About 71.0% were given either homemade oral rehydration salt (ORS) or ORS solution available in packets.

Conclusion:

Factors that influence the health-seeking behavior of mothers and understanding these factors play a vital role in addressing the issue of diarrheal diseases among under-5 children and also in application of timely prevention and intervention methods.
A Narrative Review in Application of Artificial Intelligence in Forensic Science: Enhancing Accuracy in Crime Scene Analysis and Evidence Interpretation
Authors: Arthanari Abirami , Raj S. Shaan , Ravindran Vignesh
Published: February 2025

Aim:

This review examines the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in forensic science, emphasizing its applications in crime scene analysis, evidence interpretation, digital forensics, and forensic odontology. It highlights AI’s ability to enhance accuracy, efficiency, and reliability while addressing ethical and practical challenges.

Materials and Methods:

A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, complemented by manual reviews of key forensic journals and grey literature. The review included studies on AI applications in forensic odontology and other forensic domains published in the past decade. Predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and duplicates were removed. Full-text reviews were conducted to ensure relevance, with disagreements resolved through consensus by a third reviewer to ensure rigor.

Results:

AI has significantly enhanced forensic practices by automating evidence analysis and improving accuracy. It streamlines crime scene reconstruction, accelerates digital forensic processes by analyzing large datasets, and advances dental forensics through rapid victim identification and bite mark analysis. AI-powered biometric systems enhance suspect and victim identification through facial recognition and pattern-matching technologies. However, limitations such as algorithmic bias, data privacy issues, and resource disparities pose challenges to its widespread adoption.

Conclusion:

AI is revolutionizing forensic science by providing enhanced precision, efficiency, and reliability in investigations. Addressing ethical concerns such as transparency, fairness, and algorithmic accountability is crucial for its responsible implementation. Future advancements should prioritize the development of explainable and unbiased algorithms, privacy-preserving techniques, and ethical frameworks. Interdisciplinary collaborations and global policy guidelines are essential to ensure the equitable and responsible integration of AI in forensic science, ultimately advancing justice and equity in the criminal justice system.
Small airway disease (SAD) in asthma in pregnancy evaluated by impulse oscillometry: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mandal Mita , Halder Indranil , Sarkar Subhankar , Haque Arman , Pal Manidip
Published: February 2025

Background and Objective:

Asthma is a common respiratory disease in pregnancy, with approximately 18% of cases worsening. Small airway disease (SAD) with a reported prevalence of up to 70% is now recognised as a principal indicator of poor asthma control. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a non-invasive, technically easier, and patient-friendly tool for detecting SAD. We aimed to assess the prevalence of SAD in pregnant women with asthma and the acceptance of the IOS across different trimesters of pregnancy.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women aged ≥18 years with clinically diagnosed asthma. All patients underwent IOS following manufacturer and European Respiratory Society guidelines. A questionnaire was used to assess their satisfaction with the technique.

Results:

Out of 78 patients who underwent IOS, SAD was present in 55.1% (95% CI = 43.4 to 66.4%). Post-bronchodilator reversibility was observed in 37.2% of patients. Abnormal total (R5) and larger (R20) airway resistance were found in 79.5% and 64.1% of patients, respectively. Other IOS parameters (Fres, AX, and X5) were abnormal in 58.9%, 30.7%, and 39.7% of patients, respectively. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated longer duration of asthma (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 1.05–1.18; P < 0.001) and passive smoking (OR = 4.2; 95% CI = 1.58–11.1; P = 0.004) were significantly associated with SAD. All participants tolerated the IOS well, with a satisfaction score of 4.75 ± 0.72.

Conclusion:

The IOS is a helpful tool for the evaluation of SAD, a significant comorbidity in pregnant women with asthma. Factors such as longer disease duration and exposure to passive smoking, akin to risk factors for chronic airflow obstruction, are significantly associated with SAD. Future research should explore SAD’s impact on clinical management and overall asthma outcomes.
Clamps, Support, Comparative Fatigue Strengths, Test Method
Authors:   G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Published: February 2025

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes vibration and transmissibility test procedures which compare the relative strengths of various loop and saddle type support clamps.

This procedure is intended for conducting fatigue testing which is standard throughout the aerospace industry thereby establishing a clamp strength comparison that can be used in an evaluation process.

The testing required by this document ensures that clamps will meet adequate fatigue requirements only. It does not infer qualification of the clamp installation techniques or its ability to meet in-service environments or operating conditions. Separate qualification testing should be performed to ensure satisfactory service of the installed clamp.
Daru's Mimicry as a Survival Mechanism in Colonized Muslim Tribal Culture: An Analysis of Hamid's Moth Smoke
Authors: Adhikary Ramesh
Published: February 2025

This research paper explores the impact of British colonial rule on Muslim tribal culture as depicted in Mohsin Hamid's Moth Smoke. Employing a qualitative research methodology and a literary analysis approach, the research investigates how the novel portrays cultural fragmentation and the hybrid identities that emerged as a result of colonial domination. Through the experiences of Darashikoh Shezad (Daru), the protagonist, the study reveals the adverse conditions imposed on Muslim tribal communities, including systemic discrimination, denial of fundamental rights, and cultural oppression. The protagonist’s assimilation into Western education, culture, and religion underscores the survival strategies employed in response to anti-Islamic prejudice and cultural persecution. The findings highlight the cultural invasion and socio-political realities faced by Muslim tribal communities in the tribal regions of Afghanistan and Pakistan during British colonial rule. Moth Smoke vividly portrays the alienation, identity crises, and cultural displacement experienced by these communities, emphasizing the hybrid mentality that arose from the forced adoption of Western norms. The narrative sheds light on the struggles of Muslim tribal people, exposing the lingering effects of colonialism and raising critical questions about its long-term consequences. This research underscores the importance of addressing ongoing forms of prejudice and cultural oppression affecting marginalized communities. By focusing on mimicry and hybridity as theoretical tools, the study offers valuable insights into the complexities of postcolonial identity and the resilience of cultural traditions in the face of external domination.
Toxicology of the renal indices of Wistar rats induced with leaf extracts of Acalypha wilkesiana
Authors: Olubodun Stella Oghomwen , Iyamu Patience Egheniyagosa , Henry Ekoriko Udo , Idris Jones Asekhomhe , Osemwengie Timothy Ikponmwosa
Published: February 2025

Acalypha wilkesiana has been used in time past to treat various ailments that were not limited to skin infections, inflammation, or stomach ache. However, the safety and toxicity of the plant cannot be over emphasized. This study aimed to assess the toxicological effects on renal indices in Wistar rats induced with A. wilkesiana leaf, extracted with aqueous and methanol solvents using maceration method. Lorke's method was employed to determine oral toxicity (LD50) of both extracts. Sixty-five rats (150 -180 g) were divided into seven groups of five rats each for toxicity study while thirty-five rats were placed in four groups of five rats each for biochemical analysis: the control designated group 1, were not given extract, groups 2, 3, and 4, were orally feed different doses of the leaf extracts each at 1000, 1500, and 2000 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days and blood recovered for analysis. Changes in body weight and kidney biochemical parameters were tracked as markers of toxicity. The results showed no signs of toxicity, significant changes in body weight, or death in any of the treated groups. Rats given leaf extracts had no discernible negative effects, as seen by changes in plasma non-protein nitrogen and electrolytes. This suggests that A. wilkesiana is relatively safe at the tested doses but may have influence on renal function. However, no significant adverse effects were observed in the treated groups. Further studies are necessary to reveal any adverse effects in renal indices.
Resistance of ten elite African yam bean cultivars to the bean weevil Callosobruchus maculatus
Authors: Baiyeri Samuel , Ogaugwu Christian
Published: February 2025

The African yam bean Sphenostylis stenocarpa is a nutritious under-exploited legume from Africa, with a potential to contribute greatly towards food security. The seed of this crop is attacked by the bean weevil Callosobruchus maculatus during storage, which can render them unfit for consumption or replanting. Insect-resistant varieties would be ideal and desired as these will require little or no additional costs for insecticides from farmers and will offer immense and long-term health, economic and environmental benefits to the farmers and consumers. In this study, standard procedures were followed to ascertain the resistance of 10 elite S. stenocarpa cultivars to stored product insect pests, C. maculatus and the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais. Under conditions of natural infestation, seven (7) tropical S. stenocarpa accessions (TSs 9, 10, 33, 60, 93, 126 & 349) were resistant to C. maculatus and had no infestation at all while 3 accessions (TSs 23, 111 & 116) were susceptible.  When the accessions were subjected to intentional infestation with C. maculatus, they showed varying levels of resistance, with TSs 93 as the most resistant accessions and TSs 23 as the least resistant accession. The maize weevil, S. zeamais however failed to establish on S. stenocarpa seeds. While lectin has been implicated in insect resistance by S. stenocarpa, this study found no significant correlation between lectin and the resistance of different accessions. Elite cultivars of the African yam bean S. stenocarpa that are resistant to its major insect pest C. maculatus have been identified in this study. These resistant cultivars will be of significance to future breeding programmes and food security in developing tropical countries and beyond.
Effect of substrates and water supply on the survival and growth of Beilschmiedia mannii
Authors: Sedami Igor Armand Yevide , , Essenam Esdora Christine Dansou , Gbodja Houéhanou François Gbesso , Dende Ibrahim Adekambi
Published: February 2025

Beilschmiedia mannii (spicy cedar) is an underutilized agroforestry species despite its organs being used for food, energy, and to cure various ailments. Very little effort has been made towards its domestication and the development of techniques for its production. An experiment was conducted in Benin, to evaluate the effect of substrate and water supply on B. mannii’s survival and growth. A factorial design with two factors was set up in a randomized complete block with three replications. Three substrate types under five watering levels were tested. Data on collar diameter, and total height were collected over 4 months and used to calculate the current growth rates, which were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The findings indicated that the species exhibited a generally sluggish rate of growth, with height increasing by less than 1 cm per month and collar diameter expanding by under 0.4 mm each month. This trend was consistent, irrespective of the type of substrate or the frequency of watering. Although no statistically significant effect was found between the modalities of the factors in isolation and their interaction on current height growth, the combinations of a watering every two days with sandy-loamy substrate mixed with cow dung and a watering every five days with bokashi substrate exhibited the best height growth performances, with increases of 0.22 cm and 0.24 cm per week, respectively. The availability of water has proven to be crucial for both survival rates and the growth of collar diameter, highlighting how essential water is for B. mannii.
Field evaluation of selected hybrid Dioscorea rotundata Poir (white yam) for tuber yield in two selected locations in South-eastern Nigeria
Authors: Okpe Alex Ochai , Nkaa Francis Agodichi , Benjamin Inyang Joshua , Okwu Victor Ahaoma , Okpaga Fredrich Oge , Ojoawa Pauline Tosin
Published: February 2025

Diascorea rotundata Poir (yam) is a primary staple food for many Nigerians, and the country produces the highest percentage of the crop in the world. Its efficiency is influenced by both genotypic traits and environmental factors. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with nine treatments of yam genotypes and three replications to evaluate tuber yield of the nine genotypes across two locations in one growing season. Propagation was done by cutting each tuber into several pieces of approximately 150g each.
The study was carried out at the National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI) research farm Umudike, Abia State and Faculty of agriculture research farm Abakaliki, Ebonyi State University (EBSU). The analysis of the genotypes showed some variations within and across the locations; genotypes grown in Abakaliki were superior in the length of vines (cm), while those grown in Umudike were superior in germination percentage and vine girth. At harvest those in Abakaliki recorded total mean yield of 8 tubers and 3.17kg tuber weight, while those in Umudike recorded mean yield of 12 tubers and mean weight of 5.20kg. Across the locations TDr1401785 recorded the highest yield performance with mean yield of 19 tubers while TDr1000021 recorded the least with mean yield of 4 tubers. TDr1400359 recorded the maximum tuber size with mean weight of 6.8kg while TDr8902665 recorded the least with mean weight of 1.17kg. Applying diverse environmental and physicochemical conditions to study yam genotypes is essential for improving production techniques and optimizing breeding methods for better performance.
Preventive Effect of Hydroethanolic Extract of Aerva lanata Leaf on Iron Overload-Induced Oxidative Stress
Authors: Abdulazeez Azeemat T. , Olayemi Latifat O. , Yusuf Babalola O. , Moronfolu Ibrahim A. , Yusuf Zaharadeen M.
Published: February 2025

Excess iron is a major cause of iron-induced oxidative stress and a number of diseases. Plants like Aerva lanata, offer a mitigative potential against iron-induced oxidative damage. This study aimed at determining the antioxidant enhancing potential of hydroethanolic extract of Aerva lanata (HEAL) leaf against iron overload-induced oxidative damage.  Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomised into six groups. Group 1 received 0.5 mL of distilled water while groups 2-6 were given treatments consisting of intraperitoneally administration of iron dextran (100 mg/kg) plus oral administration of 0.5 mL of distilled water, 20 mg/kg deferasirox, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of the extract respectively for 21 days. The extract was assessed for a number of secondary metabolites as well as its in-vitro antioxidant capacity while biochemical parameters of oxidative stress and iron overload were assessed in the rats. Six secondary metabolites were found in the extract, with cardiac glycosides (270.60 mg/L) being the most abundant while flavonoids (2.56 mg/L) were the least prevalent, exhibiting antioxidant and free radical scavenging capabilities, with the inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 41.19 g/mL (DPPH), 258.154 g/mL (ABTS). Treatment with HEAL significantly reduced the increased serum iron level in iron-overload oxidative stressed animals, and reduced AST, ALP, MDA levels, and increased antioxidant activities. The antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities of HEAL discovered in this study have shown that HEAL treatment can strengthen the antioxidant defenses against iron overload-induced oxidative stress in rats and might contribute to the mechanism by which HEAL prevents the liver from iron loaded-induced oxidative stress
De Sica, Vittorio (1901–1974)
Authors: Russo Michela
Published: February 2025

Considered one of the fathers of neorealism, Vittorio De Sica was an eclectic filmmaker and actor. He started his career as a director delving into the Italian-style comedy and white telephones cinema. Together with Cesare Zavattini, he progressively conceived and put into practice a way of representing reality that profoundly shaped the world’s debate on cinematographic language and theory. De Sica’s films feature popular acclaimed stars such as Sophia Loren and Marcello Mastroianni and were received on the international stage as prestigious products, as evidenced by his four Oscar awards. Domestically, however, his works were ignored and nearly ostracised in Italy, probably due to post-World War II concerns about which representation of the country was being offered to the public.
Fellini, Federico (1920–1993)
Authors: Russo Michela
Published: February 2025

Known for his dreamlike, picaresque, and baroque style, full of satire and melancholy, Fellini is considered one of the most influential Italian filmmakers since the second half of the twentieth century, at once capable of transcending national boundaries. Born during the Fascist era in Italy, Fellini begun to work in the 1930s as a cartoonist, journalist, and scriptwriter for neorealist directors such as Roberto Rossellini. Filming in 1950, his first full-length feature (Luci del varietà), Fellini progressively abandoned the Italian neorealist framework to develop his own visionary poetics and cinematic theory, thus consecrating a four decades-long career as a filmmaker.
Kurosawa, Akira (1910–1998)
Authors: Tsunoda Takuya
Published: February 2025

The Japanese director Kurosawa Akira has been internationally celebrated as one of the most important filmmakers in the history of cinema. Kurosawa’s career started when he joined the Photo Chemical Laboratories (P.C.L., which later became the Toho studio) in 1936 and worked under Yamamoto Kajiro among other senior directors. Kurosawa has been often labelled as a director of jidaigeki (period drama), though he also directed a number of gendaigeki (contemporary drama) films concerned with the predicaments of immediate postwar Japan. In his later years, Kurosawa remained extremely influential, directing ambitious international projects. In 1990, he received a lifetime achievement Oscar at the Academy Awards.
Dreams That Money Can Buy (1947)
Authors: Key Laura E. B.
Published: February 2025

Dreams That Money Can Buy (1947) is an avant-garde film written, produced, and directed by the Surrealist painter and Dada film theorist Hans Richter. It took three years and cost $25,000 dollars to produce.

The film, in which the main protagonist, Joe, sells dreams to his clients, consists of a montage of seven largely unconnected scenarios and is thus considered modernist in style as it rejects the traditional cinematic convention of narrative continuity. Richter collaborated with a group of avant-garde and Surrealist artists in the production of the film; Max Ernst, Marcel Duchamp, Man Ray, Fernand Léger, and Alexander Calder all wrote and directed one or more of the seven scenarios, making this film a collaborative piece. The soundtrack was composed by John Cage, Paul Bowles, Darius Milhaud, and Louis Applebaum.

The film’s central themes include the question of the artist’s role in society and the place of the individual in the post-war era. Its reception upon release was mixed; some critics have argued that its Surrealist style was culturally outdated by 1947 (Berger, 2013).

In 2013, the film was restored by the Museum of Modern Art in New York through funding from the National Endowment for the Arts, the Celeste Bartos Film Preservation Fund, and The Film Foundation.
ICAT (Lisbon, 1946–1956)
Authors: Correia Nuno Pedroso
Published: February 2025

The ICAT group was formed mostly by architects born in the 1910s and early 1920s, who represented the second generation of Portuguese modern architects, and whose main aims were to promote the rationalisation of construction systems and their architectonic expression. Although there is no known group manifesto, where its collective aims or the methods intended to achieve them are stated, over the course of about a decade this group maintained important collaborative activity among its members, manifested mostly in three main events – its presence in the EGAP exhibitions between 1946 and 1956, its participation in the First National Congress of Architecture in 1948, and the publication of the magazine Arquitectura, between 1947 and 1956.
ODAM (Porto, 1947–1952)
Authors: Correia Nuno Pedroso
Published: February 2025

The ODAM group (‘Organization in Defense of Modern Architecture’) was created in Porto, Portugal in 1947, constituted by thirty-four architects, all graduates or students of the School of Fine Arts of Porto (EBAP), and remained active until 1952. The group joined with another group of modern architects from Lisbon in an important meeting of efforts crucial for the success of the First National Congress of Architecture held in 1948. In 1951, ODAM held an important exhibition at the Ateneu Comercial do Porto and that same year the group contributed decisively to the modernisation of the teaching of Architecture at the EBAP, with the hiring of four of its members as Assistant Teachers on the Architecture course. ODAM held its last exhibition in 1952 in Aveiro, and even after its collective activity ceased, its existence was undeniably important for the constitution of a Portuguese delegation of CIAM, which started in 1951, and remained until its cessation, in Otterlo, in 1959.
Eurotas Eutychidesa. Przyczynek do badań nad ikonografią pływaków w sztuce starożytnej
Authors: Skrzyniarz Sławomir
Published: February 2025

Pliniusz Starszy oraz Filip z Tesaloniki, pisząc o wykonanym przez Eutychidesa (IV/III w. p.n.e.) posągu, który przedstawiał personifikację rzeki Eurotas, podkreślają, że w tym, niezachowanym do naszych czasów, dziele sztuka rzeźbiarska sprawiała wrażenie, odpowiednio, „bardziej płynnej niż nurt rzeki” (amne liquidior), względnie „bardziej płynnej niż woda” (ὕδατος ὑγρότερος). Obaj starożytni autorzy najpewniej mieli na myśli wyjątkową płynność ruchów, jaką charakteryzowało się dzieło, trafnie oddającą tożsamość ukazanej postaci. Filip z Tesaloniki dodatkowo nadmienia, że artysta ukazał ją jako pływaka przemierzającego rzeczny nurt (ὡς […] διάβροχος ἔν τε ῥεέθροις […] ὑγροβατῶν). Ponieważ personifikacja innej rzeki, a mianowicie Orontesu, obecna w najsłynniejszym dziele Eutychidesa – znanej m.in. z zachowanych kopii rzeźbiarskich Tyche Antiochii – to zanurzony w wodzie pływak z ramionami ułożonymi w kształt fali (co, notabene, stwarza wrażenie płynności), można założyć, że Eurotas Eutychidesa ukazany został z wykorzystaniem tej właśnie formuły. Była ona nowatorska nie tylko w kontekście ikonografii bóstw rzecznych / personifikacji rzek, co kilkakrotnie już podkreślano, ale stanowiła też najwcześniejszą udaną próbę stworzenia pełnoplastycznego wizerunku płynącej postaci, co zapewnia Eutychidesowi poczesne miejsce w dziejach rzeźby starożytnej. Założywszy, że Eurotas, podobnie jak Orontes umieszczony u stóp Tyche Antiochii, ukazany został jako półpostać pływaka z faliście ułożonymi ramionami, wypada przyjąć, że zachowane posążki powszechnie interpretowane jako wizerunki Orontesu inspirowane towarzyszem antiocheńskiej Tyche, równie dobrze mogą być kopiami lub trawestacjami innego dzieła Eutychidesa – niezachowanej personifikacji Eurotasu.
Infantry square in nineteenth-century battle scene painting
Authors: Rycaj Michał
Published: February 2025

The article attempts to describe and characterize the infantry square as a theme in nineteenth-century battle painting. This issue, hitherto not thoroughly addressed in art history literature, is associated with a number of outstanding works by leading battle painters of the nineteenth century. The analysis of paintings, as well as the literary works and historical events influencing their perception, aims to reconstruct the perception of the infantry square in broader society, especially in Britain. A key example and starting point for further discussion is Elizabeth Thompson’s 28th Regiment at Quatre-Bras. An important element of the article is the discussion of the methods used by artists to honour the heroism of soldiers while reflecting on their most important attributes. Demonstrating the complexity of the meanings associated with the infantry square reveals that its role in nineteenth-century painting far exceeded merely illustrating the formation on the battlefield.
Opłakana Koronacja Marii Włodzimierza Tetmajera w kościele katedralnym w Sosnowcu
Authors: Pencakowski Paweł
Published: February 2025

Tekst prezentuje istotne i jak dotąd niedostrzeżone treści programu ikonograficznego młodopolskiej dekoracji malarskiej, autorstwa krakowskich malarzy Włodzimierza Tetmajera i Henryka Uziembły w kościele Wniebowzięcia Najświętszej Panny Marii w Sosnowcu. Malowidła powstały w głównym mieście Zagłębia Śląsko-Dąbrowskiego, w burzliwych latach 1904‒1906. Interpretacja elementów składowych programu wskazuje, że przedstawiona w centrum kościoła koronacja Marii odbiega od odwiecznych i jednoznacznych ujęć. Analiza ikonografii ujawniła, że wedle Tetmajera – autora koncepcji, jest to koronacja niemożliwa do przeprowadzenia, niespełniona, bo nieaktualna, w zakresie godności Matki Bożej – Królowej Polski. Jest tak, albowiem Polska, umarła Matka – Ojczyzna swego ludu leży w grobie, w którym przed Wniebowzięciem spoczywała też Matka Boża. Potwierdza to analiza ikonografii i wymowy obrazu Wniebowzięcie Marii w ołtarzu głównym. Zasugerowano w nim subtelnie, ale jednoznacznie, że grób nie jest pusty. Stan ten wywołuje rozpacz, żal, wzburzenie pośród uczestników zatrzymanej, bo niemożliwej do przeprowadzenia ceremonii koronacyjnej w niebiosach, jak i u części aniołów towarzyszących wstępującej do nich Matce Bożej. U stóp boskiego tronu wszyscy oni czekają na sprawiedliwość i miłosierdzie. Ich argumentem, a zarazem podstawą owych błagań jest odwieczna wierność Polski i Polaków chrześcijaństwu, Kościołowi i Matce Bożej, przedstawiona w scenach historycznych na ścianach kościoła, takich jak chrzest Polski, chrzest Litwy, śluby lwowskie Jana Kazimierza i pokłon królów Polski składany Matce Boskiej z Dzieciątkiem.
The group of neo-Gothic churches designed by Michał Kowalczuk in the former Lviv, Tarnopol and Stanisławów voivodeships
Authors: Dworzak Agata
Published: February 2025

The article discusses a group of Neo-Gothic churches designed by the Lviv architect Michał Kowalczuk, which were built at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in Galicia (in the Lviv, Stanisławów, and Tarnopol regions). The group of churches examined, including those in Stojanów, Dobrotwór, Zabłotów, Sorocko, Myślatycze, and Sietesz, is distinguished by common stylistic features and a Neo-Gothic design. A particularly recognizable element is the way the towers on the façades are formed and decorated. Selected examples of sacred architecture from Galicia, built in the last quarter of the nineteenth century (by Teodor Talowski, Sławomir Odrzywolski, Julian Zachariewicz, and Jan Sas-Zubrzycki), were subjected to formal-genetic analysis as a context and source for some of the solutions used by Michał Kowalczuk. The article aims to draw researchers’ attention to the lesser- known Lviv architect Michał Kowalczuk, who was active not only in design but also in the fields of education (at the Polytechnic School in Lviv), science (through involvement in associations and editorial work), documentation (drawings of monuments, including those of Lviv), and literature (scientific dissertations published in the press and as independent monographs). The article also seeks to inspire further research on this architect.
Idea polska w sztuce współczesnej. Krytyka i afirmacja
Authors: Solewski Rafał
Published: February 2025

Celem tekstu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy elementy właściwe dla sztuki krytycznej (np. przechwycenie, subwersja) mogą być wykorzystane w sztuce afirmatywnej wobec idei polskiej. Analizy i interpretacje prac Zbigniewa Warpechowskiego, The Krasnals, Jakuba Różalskiego, Ignacego Czwartosa, Adu Karczmarczyk, Jakuba Woynarowskiego, Jarosława Modzelewskiego w ramach akcji „Namalować katolicyzm od nowa”, które wykorzystują terminy wprowadzone przez Grzegorza Sztabińskiego (dreszcz transcendencji, margines transcendencji) potwierdzają możliwość wykorzystania narzędzi pozornie tylko krytycznych w sztuce afirmatywnej pielęgnującej margines idei polskiej.
The Polish idea in contemporary art. Critique and affirmation
Authors: Solewski Rafał
Published: February 2025

The aim of the text is to explore whether elements typical of critical art (e.g., appropriation, subversion) can be utilized in art that affirms Polish ideas. The analysis and interpretation of works by Zbigniew Warpechowski, The Krasnals, Jakub Różalski, Ignacy Czwartos, Ada Karczmarczyk, Jakub Woynarowski, and Jarosław Modzelewski within the context of the initiative to “repaint Catholicism” using terms introduced by Grzegorz Sztabiński (such as “the shiver of transcendence” and “the margin of transcendence”) confirm the possibility of using tools that are seemingly only critical in affirmative art that nurtures the margins of Polish ideas.
Meta-Analysis of Research on the Use of Modern Digital Technologies in Developing Science Education Outcomes
Authors: Al-Otaibi Aljawharah Meshal
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the impact of utilizing modern digital technologies and how effective to use them by collecting data in developing science education outcomes.The study used the survey descriptive methodology to determine the elemental characteristics of studies for the Meta-Analysis sample. The study tools composed of a list to include or exclude the previous studies from the Meta-Analysis sample of the current study that composed of nine studies subjected to Meta-Analysis. Number of  magnitudes of the impact in the studies were (17) and the mean size of total magnitude of the impact in the studies was (1,619) that considered a large size according to Cohen's application, which indicates the effectiveness of using modern digital technologies in developing science education outcomes.The study recommended that teachers be on job trained to use modern digital technologies and develop the views of science mentors concerning that, update the curricula and increase Meta-Analysis studies for educational researches to benefit from their results.
The Degree of Practicing Resonant Leadership by Public Secondary School Principals in Palestinein Light of some Variables
Authors: Wreidat Wafaa Nayef , Al-Saud Rateb S.
Published: February 2025

The study aimed at finding out the degree of practicing resonant leadership by public secondary school principals in Palestine in light of some variables. The study sample consisted of (351) teachers, who were chosen by stratified random sample method, according to the geographical location of the governorates in Palestine, which are: (Tulkarm from the north, Ramallah from the center& Khalil from the south). Data gathering were done using a 33-item questionnaire, which divided into three domains: mindfulness, hope and compassion.
The results of the study indicated that the degree of practicing resonant leadership by public secondary school principals in Palestine is high, with a mean of (3.99) and a standard deviation of (0.631). All domains were at a high level, and their order was: hope, compassion& mindfulness. The results also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α≤0.05) to the degree to which public secondary school principals in Palestine practice resonant leadership due to the variables of gender, educational qualification and experience.
The Degree of Kuwait University's Application of the World‎ Times Classification (THE) Standards to improve its Ranking and Advance ‎in Classification from the Point of View of its Academic Leaders
Authors: Al-Marri Aljauharah Salem , Kaylani Anmar Mustafa
Published: February 2025

The study aimed at knowing the degree to which Kuwait University applies the standards of the world classification Times Higher Education (THE) to improve its ranking and progress in the classification, The descriptive survey methodology was used, The study sample consisted of (102) academic leaders from Kuwait University, who were drawn by using stratified random method, To achieve the aim of the study, a questionnaire was developed and its validity and reliability were confirmed. The results of the study indicated that the degree of Kuwait University’s application of the THE classification standards was medium in all of the following fields of study: Admission policy, scientific research, teaching and learning, international dimension, quality of graduates, academic accreditation and social responsibility, The results also showed that there were no significant differences in the mean responses of the study sample subjects about the degree of application of Kuwait university to the standards of the world THE classification due to sex, position, and academic rank variables.
Twenty-First Century Skills Included and Those Proposed to Be Included in the English Language Textbooks for the First Three Basic Grades in Jordan
Authors: Al-Karaki Zeina Mohammad , Al-Tweissi Ahmad Issa
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to identify the twenty-first century skills included and those proposed to be included in the English language textbooks for the first three basic grades in Jordan. A content analysis research design was employed, where an analysis instrument was designed and then employed after verifying its validity and reliability.
The results of the study revealed that the most dominant skills presented in the textbooks were the skills within the domains of Learning and Innovation and Life Skills, with percentage of 60.6% and 39.4% for the first-grade textbook, while it was of 60.2% and 39.8% for the second grade textbook, and was of 61.7% and 38.3% for the third grade textbook. Whereas, for the domain of Information and Technology skills, none of its skills were included in any of the targeted textbooks.
In light of the results, it was recommended to revise the English language textbooks used for the first three basic grades in terms of the inclusion of activities related to the domain of information and technology skills.
The Predictive Ability of Thinking Styles and Major Personality Traits on Emotional Intelligence among Sakhnin College Students
Authors: Elias Liliana mofed , Shawashereh Omar Mustafa
Published: February 2025

The current study aimed to reveal the predictive ability of thinking styles and major personality traits on emotional intelligence among students at Sakhnin College, in its two branches, Qualification of Teachers and Engineering. The study sample consisted of (549) students, who were selected using the available sample method. The Thinking Styles Scale (Sternberg & Wagner, 1992), the Emotional Intelligence Scale (Wong & Law, 2002), and the Big Five Traits Scale (John & Srivastava, 1999), which was translated by Al-Azzam (2017) were used. The results revealed that the tenth predictive model for the independent variables (extraversion, openness to experience, extrinsic thinking style, hierarchical style, neuroticism trait, acceptability trait, local style, conservative style, proprietary style, chaotic style), with the active (predictive) variable, with a joint effect of the independent variables, explaining its amount (31.80%).
The Degree of Applying of Conflict Management Strategies and its Relationship to Human Relations for Secondary School Principals in Kasbah Irbid Schools
Authors: Al-Tallaa Siham Ibrahim
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to reveal the degree of applying of conflict management strategies among secondary school principals in the Qasbah of Irbid and its relationship to the level of human relations from the teachers' point of view. The descriptive correlational methodology was used. The study sample was chosen by the stratified random method. The study sample included (249) male and female teachers. To achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire was used that measures conflict management strategies and the level of human relations. The results of the study showed that the degree of applying of conflict management strategies came to a (large) degree with a mean of (3.76), where the domains were ranked in descending order: satisfaction, followed by, settlement, followed by integration, followed by avoidance. , followed by dominance, and all of them came to a large degree except for gratification, which came to a very large degree. The results also showed that the level of human relations in secondary schools was great, and the results showed a positive relationship between the estimates of the study sample members on the degree of applying conflict management strategies and its relationship to human relations. In light of the results, the researcher recommended avoiding non-professional conflict management strategies, and using them positively in schools. .
Assessing Exuberances in Stock Returns of Oil-Exporters
Authors: Oscar Williams Anthony , Kwarshak Kelvin Timothy
Published: February 2025

This study assessed explosive behaviour in the stock market of oil-exporting countries using the Supremum ADF and a Generalized supremum ADF tests to detect multiplicative bubbles in daily stock returns for the period April 15, 2013, to May 15, 2024. The paper, thus, provides evidence of explosive dynamics in stock returns of oil-exporting countries, except in the US, while multiplicative bubbles were detected in the Nigerian and Venezuelan markets. The Panel analysis equally shows explosive patterns, implying that highly exuberant markets dominate the oil exporting bloc.
Time-and-Frequency Domain Analysis of Global Oil Shocks and the Nigerian Exchange Rates
Authors: Badmus Jamiu O. , Osinusi Kunle B.
Published: February 2025

We examine the interdependency between global oil shocks and Nigerian exchange rates using the wavelet coherence technique. Our analysis reveals evidence of time-and-frequency domain interdependence among oil supply, economic activity, and oil consumption demand shocks with Nigerian exchange rates, particularly during turbulent economic events such as the global financial crisis, the 2014/2015 oil crisis, and the recent COVID-19 pandemic. These findings underscore the significance of key events in modeling the dynamic relationship between global oil shocks and exchange rates in oil-dependent economies.
Dynamics of Brown and Green Energy Stocks Under Climate-Related Risk: Statistical Evidence From the United States
Authors: Olasehinde-Williams Godwin , Akadiri Seyi Saint
Published: February 2025

Climate change poses challenges to economies and financial markets, particularly energy sectors transitioning to low-carbon alternatives. This study explores the relationship between climate-related transition risks and the performance of brown and green energy stocks in the U.S. from February 2009 to December 2023, using the transition risk index by Bua et al. (2024). Advanced econometric methods, including transfer entropy and nonparametric causality-in-quantiles, reveal significant information flows from transition risk growth to energy stock returns and volatility. Robustness checks confirm these findings. The results emphasize the importance of transition risks in energy markets, recommending enhanced monitoring, clean energy investment support for brown energy firms, risk disclosure mandates, and flexible policies.
Urban Sprawl and Environmental Sustainability in WAMZ: An Institutional Perspective
Authors: Akadiri Seyi Saint , Akpan Usenobong
Published: February 2025

This study examines the relationship between urban sprawl and environmental sustainability in the West African Monetary Zone region for the period 2002-2022 using a first-generation panel technique. Findings reveal that rapid urbanisation is a significant driver of environmental degradation, and existing institutions have limited capacity to mitigate these adverse effects. Strengthening institutional frameworks, improving urban planning, and investing in environmental infrastructure are crucial for promoting sustainable development in the region.