bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Craniosynostosis: Are Online Resources Readable?
Authors: Soliman Luke , Soliman Paul , Gallo Marin Benjamin , Sobti Nikhil , Woo Albert S.
Published: February 2023

Objective

This study aims to analyze the readability of online craniosynostosis materials from the perspective of a caregiver, and to assess if readability levels conform to recommendations by the American Medical Association (AMA) and National Institutes of Health (NIH).

Design

This is a cross-sectional investigation in which an internet search was conducted simulating the search terms of a caregiver of a patient with craniosynostosis. The first three pages of resulting records were calculated for comprehension ease using validated readability indices. Records were also classified by author type, including hospital system, national health organization, academic journal, and other.

Main Outcome Measures

Flesch-Kincaid Reading Grade Level, Gunning fog Index, SMOG Index, and Coleman Liau Index.

Results

Thirty records were identified for which the mean readability level was 12.8 ± 2.6 grade levels (range, 7.6–15.9). There were no significant differences in mean readability across readability indices or author type. None of the thirty records met levels recommended by the AMA or NIH and were 6.8 grade levels above these guidelines on average.

Conclusions

Online material pertaining to craniosynostosis is written, on average, at the reading level of a first-year undergraduate student. The AMA and NIH recommend that articles be written at approximately a sixth-grade reading level to promote comprehension. Therefore, there is significant room for improvement of current online materials. Authors should consider consulting publicly available guides in preparing future resources.
Using grey-quality function deployment to construct an aesthetic product design matrix
Authors: Wang Nanyi , Kang Xinhui , Wang Qian , Shi Chang
Published: February 2023

Quality function deployment (QFD) is a systematic approach to transform customer requirements (CRs) into product engineering characteristics (ECs). Traditional QFD relies on market research or customer questionnaires to collect a series of ambiguous and uncertain CRs. As a result, evaluating the weighting of CRs and determining the design matrix between CRs and ECs have become the focus and difficulty of QFD. This paper proposes the grey system theory in artificial intelligence technology combined with QFD to develop grey-QFD to solve the issues mentioned before. First, collect the average evaluation values between the aesthetic images and customer satisfaction of representative products. The grey prediction GM (1, N) model is used to obtain the weight of aesthetic needs relative to customer satisfaction and import it into the left QFD. Second, the domain experts decomposed the product form into a morphological analysis table, and fuzzy Delphi screened key ECs and imported them into the ceiling of QFD. Finally, grey relationship analysis established the aesthetic product design matrix between CRs and ECs, and calculated and ranked the final weights of each ECs by using grey relationship degree. The research uses the security camera in the smart home as an experimental object. After operating the proposed grey-QFD, the aesthetic quality of the target product (lively, intelligent, friendly, personalized, and fashionable) and the optimization of the corresponding product ECs are obtained. The result provides a theoretical reference for designers and significantly improves customer aesthetic satisfaction.
Patient Satisfaction and Pain Relief After Deep Peroneal Nerve Neurectomy for Midfoot Arthritis: A Preliminary Short Report
Authors: Iturregui Jose M. , Haupt Edward T. , Wilke Benjamin K. , Kraus Jonathan C. , Shi Glenn G.
Published: February 2023

Background:

The deep peroneal nerve (DPN) plays a role in afferent nociceptive dorsal midfoot joint pain perception. DPN neurectomy for treatment of symptomatic dorsal midfoot osteoarthritis allows early mobilization and weightbearing. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the patient satisfaction and pain relief after DPN neurectomy for treatment of chronic dorsal midfoot pain due to osteoarthritis.

Methods:

In this retrospective, IRB-approved, questionnaire-based study, we evaluated 48 patients (55 feet) with an average follow-up of 35.1 (range, 16-51) months who underwent DPN neurectomy at our institution between September 2017 and February 2021. There were 38 women and 10 men, 41 unilateral (22 right, 19 left) and 7 bilateral procedures, with an average age of 67.8 (range, 35-88) years at the time of surgery. A questionnaire that included questions regarding postsurgical dorsal midfoot pain relief, surgical result satisfaction, and current functional limitations was administered via telephone. Demographic information, patient responses, and complications were recorded.

Results:

Of the 48 patients, 80.8% were satisfied with the result of the surgery in relieving their dorsal midfoot pain, 84.6% would repeat the surgery under the same circumstances, 83.8% would recommend the surgery to a friend, 10.4% reported they wish they had undergone arthrodesis, 91.7% reported pain relief in the first 6 months, and 55.6% reported current activity limitations. Six feet (10.9%) underwent a second procedure with an average postoperative time of 20.5 (range, 1-36) months. Complications included 1 hematoma and deep wound infection, 1 DPN neuroma and superficial peroneal nerve entrapment, and 4 patients with inadequate pain relief.

Conclusion:

In this cohort, DPN neurectomy appeared to be a reasonable surgical alternative to arthrodesis for the management of chronic dorsal midfoot pain due to midfoot osteoarthritis after failed nonoperative management.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, retrospective case series.
The Indirect Effects of Proximal Stressors Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Severity among Sexually Victimized Sexual Minority Women: A Cross-Sectional Path Analysis
Authors: Fergerson Ava K. , Karnick Aleksandrs , Caulfield Nicole M. , Tennity Cassidy L. , Capron Daniel W.
Published: February 2023

Sexual minority women (SMW) are at risk for sexual victimization and stressors specifically related to their minority identity (e.g., discrimination). However, SMW experience posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at rates beyond what may be explained by elevated risk for sexual victimization alone. This study aimed to examine the impact of stigma on PTSD symptoms among SMW survivors of sexual victimization. Results indicate that in relation to minority-specific distal stressors (i.e., heterosexist experiences), both minority-specific and general proximal stressors (i.e., internalized heterosexism, negative posttraumatic cognitions) indirectly affected PTSD symptom severity among this cross-sectional sample of sexually victimized SMW.
Isolation and characterization of feline dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Algorta Agustina , Artigas Rody , Rial Analía , Brandl Scott , Rodellar Clementina , Benavides Uruguaysito , Maisonnave Jacqueline , Yaneselli Kevin
Published: February 2023

Objectives

The aim of this study was to isolate feline dental pulp stem cells (fDPSCs) and characterize their clonogenic and proliferative abilities, as well as their multipotency, immunophenotype and cytogenetic stability.

Methods

Dental pulp was isolated by explant culture from two cats <1 year old at post mortem. Their clonogenicity was characterized using a colony-forming unit fibroblast assay, and their proliferative ability was quantified with a doubling time assay in passages 2, 4 and 6 (P2, P4 and P6, respectively). Multipotency was characterized with an in vitro trilineage differentiation assay in P2, and cells were immunophenotyped in P4 by flow cytometry. Chromosomic stability was evaluated by cytogenetic analysis in P2, P4 and P6.

Results

The fDPSCs displayed spindle and epithelial-like morphologies. Isolated cells showed a marked clonogenic capacity and doubling time was maintained from P2 to P6. Trilineage differentiation was obtained in one sample, while the other showed osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Immunophenotypic analysis showed fDPSCs were CD45−, CD90+ and CD44+. Structural and numerical cytogenetic aberrations were observed in P2–P4.

Conclusions and relevance

In this study, fDPSCs from two cats were isolated by explant culture and immunophenotyped. Cells displayed clonogenic and proliferative ability, and multipotency in vitro, and signs of chromosomic instability were observed. Although a larger study is needed to confirm these results, this is the first report of fDPSC isolation and in vitro characterization.
Mandibular fracture repair techniques in cats: a dentist’s perspective
Authors: Freeman Alix , Southerden Peter
Published: February 2023

Practical relevance:

Feline head trauma injuries are common in general practice, often resulting in mandibular fracture. An understanding of the recent advances in the field of mandibular fracture repair will facilitate evidence-based decision-making in clinical practice.

Clinical challenges:

Feline maxillofacial and oral anatomy brings unique challenges in comparison with dogs. It has been commonplace to adapt techniques and equipment that are better suited to other body regions or are species-inappropriate for use in feline maxillofacial surgery, and this has traditionally resulted in high morbidity.

Aims:

This review presents an overview of the diagnosis of, and decison-making for, maxillofacial trauma in cats, specifically with reference to the feline mandible. The challenges associated with the management of these injuries are presented. Techniques for repair that can be employed in general practice, as well as more advanced surgical options, are discussed, as well as the indications for invasive vs non-invasive management. Underutilised methods involving composite dental materials and their versatility for the repair of mandibular fractures in cats, and miniplates for caudal mandibular fractures in cats, are specifically covered, as well as other recent advances in the field, including three-dimensional printing and custom-printed implants.

Evidence base:

Management of feline facial fractures is an often neglected topic, with very few published studies choosing to focus on head trauma outcomes in cats. Where available, however, this review draws on the published literature, as well as the authors’ own clinical experience.
Potential of palm oil with tert-Butylhydroquinone in place of mineral oil lubricant for reducing environmental degradation
Authors: Ojaomo Koleola Ebenezer , Syahrullail Samion , Zawawi Fazila Mohd , Yusop Mohd Zamri
Published: February 2023

Lubrication has remained an important aspect of machines maintenance and designs since time immemorial, yet the quest for improved lubricant for sustainable life of both equipment and environment continues to intensify. Many lubricants that is, research for a lubricant that is capable of providing maintenance of sustainable equipment without compromise to the environment is on the rise have been formulated and a lot of discoveries have been found in approaches toward enhanced and sustainable lubricants performance. Addition of foreign materials in nano quantity to fortify base oil properties for special purposes has also received greater attention in recent years. While this approach has yielded amazing results, concerns bordering on non-biodegradability of the mineral oils and safety of their additives to the environment equally continue to grow. This has escalated research interest in vegetable oils and their derivatives such as palm oil and other seed oils as a substitute toward limiting the consequences of improper disposal and eventual natural habitat degradation. A new approach to this quest is the adoption of palm oil (in Super Olein IV64 grade) with 150–450particles per million of tert-Butylhydroquinone for comparison with tribological behavior of mineral oil (Shell Helix SAE40W10) within the temperatures of 40°C to 100°C using linear reciprocating tribometer Winducom ASTM G133 test rig. The results showed tremendous similarity in coefficient of friction values between 0.1 and 0.12 of Super Olein with 150 particles per million and 300 particles per million of tert-Butylhydroquinone correlating closely with that of Shell Helix SAE40W10 at 80°C and 100°C, respectively. Wear track on the 20mm square plate was observed on the low-resolution microscope while wear scar diameter of the 6 mm SKD11 ball was observed on the high-resolution microscope. The results obtained at a temperature of 100°C in Super Olein IV64 + 150 particles per million tert-Butylhydroquinone and Super Olein IV64 + 300 particles per million tert-Butylhydroquinone is very similar to that of SAE40W10 except for Super Olein IV64 + 450 particles per million TBHQ whose coefficient of friction maintained a higher value of 0.3 at those temperatures.
An experimental evaluation of cryogenic machining in the drilling of carbon fiber reinforced plastics for aerospace
Authors: Martínez Javier , Hernández Primo , Carou Diego
Published: February 2023

The present research aims at studying both dry machining and alternative solutions to wet machining in the drilling of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs). CFRPs are key materials in aerospace and their drilling is critical and challenging. Specifically, cryogenic fluids such as CO2 and N2 were investigated. Drilling tests were performed using three different CFRP laminates. These CFRP laminates are composed of various unidirectional plies of different orientations. Thus, the configurations to analyze were: 0/90/45, 30/60 and 0/90. As output variables, surface roughness, diameter deviation, delamination and thrust forces were analyzed. In general, the internal application of CO2 and dry machining were the best- and worst-performing techniques for surface roughness, respectively. Regarding the dimensional quality, both CO2 and dry machining offered the best results. In the case of LN2 or LN2 + CO2, the results showed that the CFRP configuration is critical for the obtained results. However, it was identified that cryogenics can improve the results of the dry machining process under certain conditions in terms of delamination. Finally, in general, CO2 provided the worst results when attending to the thrust forces.
De-producing gender: the politics of sex, decertification and the figure of economy
Authors: Cooper Davina
Published: February 2023

This article explores the contribution that the figure of economy can make to understanding gender in contemporary Britain, focusing on gender as a social quality and legal category that is produced, allocated and used. The article proceeds in two parts. The first part considers the politics of sex-based feminism and gender-as-diversity through an economic frame. The second part focuses, in detail, on one specific juncture where these diverging politics meet: decertification – a law reform proposal to dismantle the system for assigning, registering and regulating legal sex. Decertification is a controversial strategy. Advocates argue that self-expression and interpersonal communication, whether through gender or against it, is hindered by a state-based disciplinary certification system. Critics disagree. They argue that dismantling legal communication about a person's sex makes it harder to put categories of female and woman to remedial use. Drawing on other uses of certification, including commercial ones, this article suggests that certification not only communicates information about a process, quality or thing; it also contributes to their production. The impact of decertification on how gender is produced, what gets produced as gender and the uses to which gender is put are central to determining whether decertification is beneficial to a progressive transformative gender politics.
Expressions and Prognostic Values of Notch3 and DLL4 in Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Lin , Cao Ge , Li Wei , Chen Xiao-Wen , Xiong Shi-Shuang , Mu Ya-Nan , Jiang Jin-Fang , Yang Lan , Zhang De-Rui , Cao Yu-Wen
Published: February 2023

Background: Notch signaling played a critical role in promoting breast tumorigenesis and progression. However, the role and prognostic value of Notch3 combined with DLL4 expression in breast carcinoma had not been explored. Methods: The retrospective study enrolled 90 breast cancer tissues and 60 noncancerous tissues from (conceal). The expression and prognostic value of Notch3 and DLL4 in patients with breast carcinoma were investigated using Oncomine and UALCAN database. Notch3 and DLL4 expression levels were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the correlation between both proteins expression and clinicopathological parameters and survival data, respectively. Results: The expressions of Notch3 and DLL4 were increased, and Notch3 expression was significantly positively associated with DLL4 in breast carcinoma. The 2 proteins dramatically correlated with advanced stage, high grade and negative Her2 status. The overexpressing of single or both Notch3 and DLL4 resulted in shortened survival of breast cancer patients. And Notch3 overexpression was one of independent risk predictors to poor prognosis. Conclusion: The interaction of Notch3 receptor and DLL4 ligand accelerates oncogenesis, progression, and poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Notch3 protein may serve as one of biomarker to independently predict prognosis of patients.
Research Progress of Intestinal Microecology in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Adenoma and Carcinogenesis
Authors: Zhang Zhipeng , Bahaji Azami Nisma Lena , Liu Ningning , Sun Mingyu
Published: February 2023

Colorectal adenoma is a precancerous lesion that may progress to colorectal cancer. Patients with colorectal adenoma had a 4-fold higher risk of developing colorectal malignancy than the rest of the population, with approximately 80% of colorectal cancer originating from colorectal adenoma. Therefore, preventing the occurrence and progression of colorectal adenoma is crucial in reducing the risk for colorectal cancer. The human intestinal microecology is a complex system consisting of numerous microbial communities with a sophisticated structure. Interactions among intestinal microorganisms play crucial roles in maintaining normal intestinal structure, digestion, absorption, metabolism, and other functions. The colorectal system is the largest microbial bank or fermentation system in the human body. Studies suggest that intestinal microecological imbalance, one of the most important environmental factors, may play an essential role in the occurrence and development of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer. Based on the complexity of studying the gut microbiota ecosystem, its specific role in the occurrence and development of colorectal adenoma is yet to be elucidated. In addition, further studies are expected to provide new insights regarding the prevention and treatment of colorectal adenoma. This article reviews the relationship and mechanism of the diversity of the gut microbiota, the relevant inflammatory response, immune regulation, and metabolic changes in the presence of colorectal adenomas.
SEER-Based Survival Nomogram (1998-2015) Based on ‘Stage, Lymph Node Dissection, Tumor Size and Degree of Differentiation, and Therapies’ for Prognosis of Primary Pulmonary Sarcoma
Authors: Gu Hao , Song Ruixia , Beeraka Narasimha M. , Li Tingxuan , Zhao Di , Liu Junqi , Fan Ruitai
Published: February 2023

Objective: Primary pulmonary sarcoma (PPS) is very rare in terms of incidence, henceforth, the clinical evidence pertinent to the prognosis of PPS is limited. The aim of this study was to construct a nomogram for evaluating the overall survival (OS) of patients diagnosed with PPS based on the stage, lymph node dissection, tumor size and degree of differentiation, and therapies. Methods: A total of 515 patients diagnosed with PPS during the period of 1998 to 2015 were obtained from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database and randomly segregated into ‘training group’ and ‘validation group’ with a ratio of 7:3. Regression analysis was executed for the training group to obtain the independent factors influencing prognosis of PPS patients. A nomogram was constructed as per the results obtained through multivariate Cox regression analysis subsequently validated using C index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and calibration curves. Results: Age, tumor size, histology type, lymph node surgery, summary stage and differentiation grade were independent factors affecting the prognosis. C index was 0.775 and 0.737 for both training group, and validation group, respectively. Areas under the ROC curve of 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS were 87.6 (95% CI: 83.8-91.3), 90.1 (95% CI: 86.2-94.0) and 90.6 (95% CI: 85.8-95.4), respectively, in training group. Area under the curve values of 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS in the validation group were 83.1 (95% CI: 75.8-90.5), 82.9 (95% CI: 73.2-92.7) and 87.0 (95% CI: 75.9-98.1), respectively. Based on the nomogram, patients were segregated into low-risk group and high-risk group (degree of risk: cutoff score 193). OS of low-risk group was significantly higher when compared to high-risk group ( P < .001) in the training group and validation group. Radiotherapy was a risk factor for the low-risk group and adjuvant chemotherapy has not exhibited influence on OS pertinent to low-risk group. However, adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy both significantly improved the prognosis of PPS patients ( P < .001) in the high-risk group. Conclusion: Constructed nomogram could have a strong predictive ability with higher accuracy for the prognosis of patients with PPS. Patients at low risk could not benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy, while the prognosis clearly improved in the high-risk populations treated with either radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
Two-Year Results of a First-In-Human Study in Patients Surgically Implanted With a Bioprosthetic Venous Valve, the VenoValve in Patients With Severe Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Authors: Ulloa Jorge H. , Cifuentes Sebastian , Figueroa Valentin , Glickman Marc
Published: February 2023

Objective

Two-year follow-up results from a first-in-human study of patients implanted with the VenoValve are evaluated for supporting the long-term clinical safety and performance of the device.

Background

Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) involves improper functioning of lower limb vein valves and inability of these valves to move blood back towards the heart. CVI symptoms include swelling, varicose veins, pain, and leg ulcers. Currently, there is no cure for this condition and treatment options are limited. This study provides 2-year outcomes for 8 patients who were implanted with the bioprosthetic VenoValve for treating severe CVI with deep venous reflux measured at the mid-popliteal vein. The 6-month and 1-year results were previously published.

Methods

Eleven patients with C5 & C6 CVI were implanted with VenoValve into the midthigh femoral vein and followed for 2 years. Assessed clinical outcomes include device-related adverse events, reflux time, disease severity, and pain scores.

Results

All 11 implant procedures were successful. Two-year follow-up data was obtained for 8 subjects: 1 patient died of non-device related causes, 1 was lost to follow-up, and 1 refused to follow-up due to the COVID-19 pandemic. No device-related adverse events occurred between the first and second years of follow-up. Reported 2-year clinical performance outcomes included significant decreases in mean reflux times of the mid-popliteal vein (61%), and significant improvements in mean scores for disease severity rVCSS (56%) and VAS pain (87%).

Conclusions

Results from this study support long-term safety and effectiveness of the VenoValve for improving CVI severity by reducing reflux and thereby venous pressures in the lower extremities. With limited treatments for valvular incompetence involved in severe, deep venous CVI, the device may be considered as a novel therapy. A pivotal trial in the United States is currently being conducted to assess the device in a larger number of patients.
Surgeon-Guided Robotic Arm Facilitates LIMA Takedown in MIDCAB Surgery
Authors: Robič Boris , Petrovič Rene , Djordjević Anže , Železnik Jernej , Intihar Urška , Jurič Peter , Gregorcič Franc , Antonič Miha
Published: February 2023

Left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery bypass has been scientifically proven to have the best patency and long-term results in myocardial revascularization. The latest guidelines suggest minimally invasive LIMA to LAD is the optimal therapy for isolated proximal LAD lesions. The start of a minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) program can be quite challenging as robotic surgery demands high starting costs, while normal thoracoscopic techniques have a longer surgeon learning curve. In this article, we describe to the best of our knowledge the first use of surgeon-guided wristed instruments in LIMA harvesting for MIDCAB surgery. It allows for a facilitated LIMA harvest like in robotic surgery with the comfort of a surgeon constantly standing by the patient, allowing for a faster response time in case of an emergency or the need for instrument exchange. These features result in shorter operating times, lower costs compared with robotic surgery, and faster adoption of this technique for centers just starting MIDCAB surgery.
Theology, order, and disenchantment
Authors: Jackson Patrick Thaddeus
Published: February 2023

William Bain’s book does a brilliant job excavating some key conceptual underpinnings of our contemporary discussions about order, but he has perhaps underplayed the importance of nominalism in structuring our present.
Theology and international order: Questions, challenges and explorations
Authors: Bain William
Published: February 2023

Theology is a neglected resource in international relations scholarship; it is, more often than not, characterised as a threat to political order because it is seen as a cradle of fanaticism and irrationality. Postsecular scholarship challenges this view by exploring the persistence of theological ideas and religious belief in political discourse and practice. Political Theology of International Order is my own contribution to this type of scholarship. This article engages responses from five distinguished scholars. It considers the implications of taking theology seriously when theorising international order; the veracity of narratives that frame the study of international relations; and new directions and possibilities that arise out of the book.
CCAD or eCRS: Defining Eosinophilic Subpopulations in Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Sit Andrea , Alvarado Raquel , Earls Peter , Rimmer Janet , Kalish Larry , Campbell Raewyn , Sewell William , Harvey Richard J.
Published: February 2023

Background

Central compartment atopic disease (CCAD) and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (eCRS) are two clinical phenotypes of primary diffuse type 2 chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) defined in the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis 2020 classification. Currently, the distinction between these subtypes relies on phenotypic features alone.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate whether eosinophil activation differed between CCAD and eCRS.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted of adult patients presenting with CCAD and eCRS who had undergone functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Routine pathology results were obtained from clinical records. Eosinophils were counted on haematoxylin and eosin-stained formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sinonasal tissue. Eotaxin-3, eosinophil peroxidase and immunoglobulin E levels were assessed using immunohistochemistry.

Results

38 participants were included (51.7 ± 15.6 years, 47.4% female), of whom 36.8% were diagnosed with CCAD and 63.2% with eCRS. The eCRS group was characterised by older age (55.8 ± 16.3 vs 44.5 ± 11.8 years, p = 0.029), and on histology exhibited a higher degree of tissue inflammation ( τb = 0.409, p = 0.011), greater proportion of patients with >100 eosinophils/high power field (87.5% vs 50%, p = 0.011), and higher absolute tissue eosinophil count (2141 ± 1947 vs 746 ± 519 cells/mm2, p = 0.013). Eotaxin-3 scores were higher in the eCRS group (5.00[5.00–6.00] vs 6.00[6.00–6.75], p  = 0.015). Other outcomes were similar.

Conclusions

Eosinophil and eotaxin-3 levels were elevated in eCRS compared with CCAD, suggesting a greater degree of eosinophil stimulation and chemotaxis. Patients with CCAD were younger. Future investigation and biomarkers may better distinguish CRS subpopulations.
Case of resolution of plaque psoriasis following treatment with rifampicin for latent tuberculosis: A case report
Authors: Muntyanu Anastasiya , Martinez-Cabriales Sylvia A , Yeung Jensen
Published: February 2023

Psoriasis is a common cutaneous disease, and often these patients require treatment with biologics. Screening for latent tuberculosis is an important step in the pre-biologic work-up. A 58-year-old woman with moderate-to-severe psoriasis was found to be positive for latent tuberculosis during pre-biologic screening. She received rifampicin for 6 months and had complete resolution of her psoriasis, with persistent remission at 1-year follow-up. Improvement could be attributed to the immunomodulatory effects of rifampicin. Another theory proposes the existence of a tuberculosis-related type of psoriasis that improves when tuberculosis is adequately treated.
Google, data voids, and the dynamics of the politics of exclusion
Authors: Norocel Ov Cristian , Lewandowski Dirk
Published: February 2023

This study deploys a critical approach to big data analytics to gauge the tentative contours of data voids in Google searches that reflect extreme-right dynamics of exclusion in the aftermath of the 2015 humanitarian crisis in Europe. The study adds complexity to the analysis of data voids, expanding the framework of investigation outside the USA context by concentrating on Germany and Sweden. Building on previous big data analytics addressing the politics of exclusion, the study proposes a catalogue of queries concerning the issue of migration in both Germany and Sweden on a continuum from mainstream to extreme-right vocabularies. This catalogue of queries enables specific and localized queries to identify data voids. The results show that a search engine's reliance on source popularity may lead to extreme-right sources appearing in top positions. Furthermore, using platforms for user-generated content provides a way for localized queries to gain top positions.
Long recurrence-free survival of localized rectal melanoma after abdominoperineal resection in comparison to partial excision and highlighting the place of immunotherapy: A case report
Authors: Bourouail Othmane , Njoumi Noureddine , Elmahdaouy Youssef , Fahssi Mohamed , Yaka Mbarek , Hejjouji Abderrahmane , Ali Abdelmounaim Ait
Published: February 2023

Rectal malignant melanomas (RMM) are remarkably uncommon, the rectal location represents less than one percent of all rectal cancer. Because of its low global survival rate, the surgical strategy is a subject of controversy for attaining a r0 resection. the palliative treatment is also debateable, but recently; radiotherapy and immunotherapy became the preferred treatment and offer the best outcome. to ensure r0 resection, abdominoperineal resection (apr) is considered the main surgical option, but because of its morbidity and functional limitations, local excision techniques such as endoscopic mucosal resection (emr) combined with chemoradiotherapy are being increasingly performed to preserve the quality of life and reduce local recurrence rate. In this report, we evaluate the place that apr still keeps as surgical procedure in comparison to partial excision. we report a case of a 72 years old patient, who presented rectal syndrome with rectorrhagia for 2 months, the diagnosis of localized rectal melanoma was confirmed by endoscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, histological analysis tissue with immunohistochemistry. the procedure strategy was a surgical treatment with apr. After a long recurrence-free survival period, the patient develops local recurrence and immunotherapy-resistant metastasis.
Law Education in Japan and China: Comparative Analysis Focusing on Law-Related Materials
Authors: Umeno (うめの　まさのぶ) Masanobu , Fukuda (ふくだ　よしひこ) Yoshihiko , Inoue (いのうえ　なほ) Naho
Published: February 2023

Purpose

This study examines law-related education in Japan and China to reveal the current state of research and identify the roles, possibilities, and challenges facing such teaching at the elementary, junior high, and senior high school levels. This study conducts a comparative review of research on perspectives toward law education in both countries, as well as the characteristics of and issues facing law education in Japan.

Design/Approach/Methods

This study examines trends in research and educational reform related to law education in Japan. In doing so, it evaluates how the characteristics of and issues facing law education in Japan are related to law education in China.

Findings

Results show no evidence of a systematic study of law in Japan. Reforming subjects to engage in collaborative learning is a more realistic strategy than attempting to design wholly new subjects. Accordingly, exploring what kind of learning activities are linked to law-abiding education in China offers insights and references for Japan. Adapting these strategies to the Japanese context and law material can help create a more systematic form of learning.

Originality/Value

Through joint research by researchers and educators from East Asian countries, we intend to conduct further research on the development of curricula, textbooks, and class models suited to specific subjects. Employing the joint research learning approach discussed in this study in Japan and China may result in further learning possibilities.
Rural School Staff Roles in Career Development for Students With Disabilities: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Schutz Michele A. , Carter Erik W. , Travers Hilary E.
Published: February 2023

The ways in which high schools in rural U.S. communities allocate their staffing and assign roles related to career development impact the preparation of students with disabilities for future employment pursuits. This mixed methods study explored (a) the roles of 291 school staff and administrators in supporting the career development of students with disabilities, (b) how they came to assume these roles, and (c) how they viewed their roles. Findings indicated that special educators self-decided an overwhelming majority of roles in this area and could benefit from increased contributions from school staff in other positions to support the work preparation of students with disabilities. We offer recommendations for extending and clarifying the roles of staff in these rural districts.
The Incremental Role of Higher Education in the Soft Power Milieu: Impressions From China and India
Authors: Bhardwaj Akhil , Kumar Mohan
Published: February 2023

This paper will trace trends in cooperation and contestation in the higher education space, as a possible driver of wider change in the soft power of a nation. While countries in North America and Europe increasingly contend with the idea of knowledge societies, emerging countries such as China and India are found to be building their own capacities and staking claims for leadership in various ways. One of the important aspects of Chinese and Indian attempts towards developing an effective knowledge society for the holistic development of the two countries is to build a network of quality higher education Institutions through path breaking schemes and subsidiaries ultimately benefiting their Universities and Institutions to be globally benchmarked. This includes Chinese initiatives like Project 985, C-9 League and Project 211 (as well as programmes within the umbrella of Belt and Road) and Indian Initiatives like the Institutions of Eminence and Study in India to name a few. The paper also proposes to analyse the changing mind-set of the two Governments especially CPC in China towards the need of projecting its knowledge society at the global platform.

Given this scenario, the paper will outline patterns of change and continuity, hoping to stimulate a more dynamic debate on diverse notions of order articulated through processes of knowledge creation and dissemination.

The recent experience of Higher education and its internationalisation being no longer immune from systemic forces and developments in geopolitics and diplomacy, we will argue that the potential of education to shape and reshape the global order demands closer, longue duree investigation.
Return to Play After Shoulder Arthroscopy in Major League Baseball Pitchers vs Position Players
Authors: Biagini Emily K. , Peebles Liam A. , Higgins Margaret , Stamm Michaela , Lefante John J. , Mulcahey Mary K.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Recovery from shoulder arthroscopy may vary between professional pitchers and position players in Major League Baseball (MLB). The time that it takes to return to play (RTP) and the level of skills to be regained after surgery are important factors for an athlete to consider when making career decisions.

Purpose:

To identify MLB players who had arthroscopic shoulder surgery and observe their rates of RTP to MLB and the minor league, as well as to compare pre- and postinjury performance statistics and career metrics.

Study Design:

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods:

Public records (press releases, http://www.prosportstransactions.com , http://www.baseball-reference.com ) were searched and analyzed to determine the number of days from shoulder arthroscopy to RTP and pre- and postinjury statistics for pitchers and position players in the MLB and minor league from 1998 to 2018. To meet inclusion criteria, a player must have undergone shoulder arthroscopy after having played at least 1 game in the MLB and had no identifiable concomitant injuries.

Results:

Of 134 players, 89 (66.4%) returned to MLB. Fifty-four of 89 pitchers (60.7%) and 35 of 45 position players (77.8%) returned to MLB ( P = .048). Forty-nine of 54 pitchers (90.7%) and 23 of 35 position players (65.7%) who returned to MLB returned to the minor league first. The mean time to RTP was 469.6 days (range, 100-1079 days) for pitchers and 301.6 days (range, 94-1488) for position players ( P = .002). The WAR statistic (wins above replacement) for the pitchers decreased significantly ( P = .004) after shoulder arthroscopy.

Conclusion:

MLB position players returned to play at higher rates and more quickly than did pitchers. The WAR statistic declined in pitchers during the first season of RTP. Players undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery should be aware of these possible outcomes in time to RTP and postoperative performance.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension Among Adults in Gurage Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Solomon Mamo , Shiferaw Bisrat Zeleke , Tarekegn Tadesse Tsehay , GebreEyesus Fisha Alebel , Mengist Shegaw Tesfa , Mammo Mitiku , Mewahegn Agerie Aynalem , Mengiste Bethelihem Tadesse , Terefe Tamene Fetene
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Hypertension affects over a billion people worldwide, making it a major public health problem. The problem is significant in both developed and developing countries. However, studies are scarce in developing countries such as Ethiopia.

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors at the community level, in South Ethiopia.

Methods

A cross-sectional study design was employed on a sample of 680 participants in the study from April 1 to June 30, 2022. An interview administer was conducted using a standardized and pretested questionnaire was employed. The Epi data 3.1 versions were used to enter data and then exported into SPSS version 23 for analysis. All variables in the multivariable logistic analysis were a candidate with a bi-variable at p < .25. The multivariable logistic regressions were performed to determine the predictors of hypertension, and the significance level was established with p < .05.

Results

There were a total of 635 participants and the response rate was 93.4%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 22.0% [95% CI; 19.1–25.4]. The mean age of the participants was 40.8 ± 12.88 years. Being older age (AOR: 1.95; 95%CI; 1.13–3.36), family history [AOR: 2.65, 95%; CI (1.29–5.45)], eating animal fat [AOR: 0.21, 95%; CI (0.08–0.52)], smoking cigarettes [AOR: 4.06, 95%; CI (2.24–7.36)] and had poor knowledge about hypertension [AOR: 2.69, 95%; CI (1.61–4.49)] were significantly associated with raised blood pressure.

Conclusions

Hypertension was prevalent in one out of every five study participants. Older age, family history of hypertension, animal fat intake, cigarette smoking, and lack of knowledge were found to be significant factors for hypertension. To address the burden of hypertension, health care practitioners should provide broad health education, routine screening, and promotion of recommended lifestyle measures.
Complementation Assay Using Fusion of Split-GFP and TurboID (CsFiND) Enables Simultaneous Visualization and Proximity Labeling of Organelle Contact Sites in Yeast
Authors: Fujimoto Shintaro , Tashiro Shinya , Tamura Yasushi
Published: February 2023

Numerous studies have revealed that organelle membrane contact sites (MCSs) play important roles in diverse cellular events, including the transport of lipids and ions between connected organelles. To understand MCS functions, it is essential to uncover proteins that accumulate at MCSs. Here, we develop a complementation assay system termed CsFiND (Complementation assay using Fusion of split-GFP and TurboID) for the simultaneous visualization of MCSs and identification of MCS-localized proteins. We express the CsFiND proteins on the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial outer membrane in yeast to verify the reliability of CsFiND as a tool for identifying MCS-localized proteins.
Novel extragenic genomic safe harbors for precise therapeutic T cell engineering
Authors: Odak Ashlesha , Yuan Han , Feucht Judith , Cantu Vito Adrian , Mansilla-Soto Jorge , Kogel Friederike , Eyquem Justin , Everett John K , Bushman Frederic D. , Leslie Christina , Sadelain Michel
Published: February 2023

Cell therapies that rely on engineered immune cells can be enhanced by achieving uniform and controlled transgene expression in order to maximize T cell function and achieve predictable patient responses. Although effective, current genetic engineering strategies that utilize g-retroviral, lentiviral and transposon-based vectors to integrate transgenes, unavoidably produce variegated transgene expression in addition to posing a risk of insertional mutagenesis. In the setting of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy, inconsistent and random CAR expression may result in tonic signaling, T cell exhaustion and variable T cell persistence. We report and validate herein an algorithm for the identification of extragenic genomic safe harbors (GSH) that can be efficiently targeted for DNA integration and support sustained and predictable CAR expression in human peripheral blood T cells. The algorithm is based on 7 criteria established to minimize genotoxicity by directing transgene integration away from functionally important genomic elements, maximize efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeting, and avert transgene silencing over time. T cells engineered to express a CD19 CAR at GSH6, which meets all 7 criteria, are curative at low cell dose in a mouse model of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, matching the potency of CAR T cells engineered at the TRAC locus, and effectively resist tumor rechallenge 100 days after their infusion. The identification of functional extragenic GSHs thus expands the human genome available for therapeutic precision engineering.
Frailty and its combined effects with lifestyle factors on cognitive function: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Fangqing , Yan Yike , Zheng Lei , Wang Chenming , Guan Xin , Hong Shiru , Guo Huan
Published: February 2023

Background

Frailty describes an age-related state of deterioration in biological function. This study aimed to investigate the association between frailty and cognitive function and its combined effects with lifestyles.

Methods

A total of 3,279 participants from the Dongfeng-Tongji (DFTJ) cohort were tested the cognitive function by using the Chinese version of Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Frailty was evaluated based on a 35-item frailty index (FI). Frailty status was dichotomized into robust (FI < 0.15) and frail (FI ≥ 0.15). Multivariate generalized linear regression models and logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations of frailty with MMSE score and cognitive impairment. We also analysed the modification and combined effects of lifestyle factors, including smoking status, drinking status, and regular physical exercise, on the above associations.

Results

FI was significantly associated with lower MMSE score [β (95%Cl) = -0.28 (-0.43, -0.13)] and cognitive impairment [OR (95%Cl) = 1.19 (1.04, 1.35)]. The association of frailty status with MMSE were found to be stronger among ever smokers [β(95%Cl) = -1.08 (-1.64, -0.51)] and physical inactive individuals [β(95%Cl) = -1.59 (-2.63, -0.54)] while weaker or not significant among never smokers [β(95%Cl) = -0.30 (-0.62, 0.01)] and physical active individuals [β(95%Cl) = -0.37 (-0.65, -0.08))]. There were significant combined effects of frailty status with unhealthy lifestyles including smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical inactive on cognitive impairment.

Conclusions

Frailty was associated with cognitive impairment among Chinese middle-aged and elderly people, while smoking cessation and regular physical exercise could attenuate the above associations, which highlight the potential preventive interventions.
Risk factors for self-reported medication adherence in community-dwelling older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Jiaming , Yu Yongpei , Yan Suying , Zeng Yan , Su Su , He Tiantian , Wang Zimin , Ding Qian , Zhang Ruixue , Li Wenchao , Wang Xin , Zhang Lan , Yue Xiaolin
Published: February 2023

Background

Medication nonadherence is a significant public health problem as it contributes to poor clinical outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy often have low medication adherence. These patients also have a high prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use.

Aim

To explore risk factors related to medication nonadherence in older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy and examine the association between medication nonadherence and PIM use.

Method

A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from May to December 2019 in 16 tertiary hospitals from 12 provinces and cities in China. Data were collected from outpatients 65 years or older with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The PIMs were evaluated using the 2019 Beers Criteria. Self-reported medication adherence was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

Results

A total of 773 outpatients were recruited. The prevalence of medication nonadherence was 31.8%. In the univariate analysis, nonadherence was significantly associated with sex, cognitive impairment, stroke, visiting the same physicians, self-administration of medication, the percentage of drug costs ≥ 10% of the medical expenses, and PIMs for the alimentary tract and metabolism. In the multivariate analysis, the results almost paralleled those of the univariate associations. Notably, the use of PIM was significantly associated with medication adherence.

Conclusion

Several factors that influence medication adherence were identified. Targeted interventions can be implemented to improve medication adherence, such as encouraging self-administering medications and reducing medication expenses.