bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dimensionamento de uma associação de bombas hidráulicas com uso de Arduino como parâmetro de automação
Authors: Santos Alexsander Saves dos , Santos Caio Delano Couto , Sabino Carlos Henrique Barbosa , Oliveira Kauan Bernardes Cezar de
Published: December 2020

O presente projeto teve como objetivo desenvolver mecanicamente um sistema de associações de bombas hidráulicas em paralelo e em série com características mistas, sendo controlado por mecanismo de automação como uso de Arduinos e relés. A metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa experimental, que permite avaliar o sistema hidráulico por meio da montagem da parte estrutural, elétrica, dos testes, coletas de dados e por métodos algébricos. O trabalho, portanto, permitiu a compreensão do sistema de associações de bombas hidráulicas, quando associadas em série apresenta uma altura manométrica de 2,16 m e uma vazão de 9,166x10-5 m3/s e, quando associadas em paralelo, apresenta uma altura manométrica de 0,72 m e uma vazão de 1,83x10-4 m3/s, comprovando que o sistema em série gera maiores alturas manométricas, enquanto o sistema em paralelo promove maiores vazões volumétricas. Ademais, validou a eficiência da aplicação de um sistema com parâmetros automáticos.
Epidemia de febre amarela na bacia do Rio Doce: análise de fatores ambientais, epidemiológicos e efeitos indiretos do rompimento da barragem de Fundão (Samarco S/A)
Authors: Contini Gabriel , Bicalho Elvira Carolina , Brito Sofia Luiza , Oliveira e Silva Jaquelline Carla Valamiel de
Published: December 2020

O rompimento da barragem de rejeitos de Fundão (Samarco S/A no município de Mariana – MG), em novembro de 2015, liberou 55 milhões m³ de rejeitos, provocando a morte da biota aquática na calha central do Rio Doce e danos nos ecossistemas adjacentes. No início de 2017, iniciou-se uma epidemia de febre amarela em Minas Gerais, com grande parte das ocorrências na região da bacia do Rio Doce. Assim, este trabalho buscou verificar a existência de relação entre os dois fatos ocorridos. Os dados epidemiológicos e de monitoramento da água foram relacionados por meio de Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP), não sendo identificada relação direta entre o dano ambiental e a epidemia. Todavia, fatores como a dizimação dos predadores do mosquito vetor, a proximidade entre o homem e as florestas, e a baixa cobertura vacinal da população foram também considerados como aspectos relevantes. Desse modo, esse estudo analisou os fatores que devem ser considerados em conjunto, no intuito de compreender o aumento da febre amarela na Bacia do Rio Doce após o rompimento da barragem de Fundão.
Relações de trabalho na mineração: análise dos acordos coletivos firmados entre o Sindicato Metabase Inconfidentes e a Vale S.A. com validade no período de 2009 a 2018
Authors: Bertollo Kathiuça , Reis Neidimar Santos dos
Published: December 2020

Este artigo analisa e discute os acordos coletivos firmados entre o Sindicato Metabase Inconfidentes e a Vale S.A. com validade no período de 2009 a 2018. Assume a teoria social crítica, especialmente a Teoria Marxista da Dependência, para fundamentar a crítica ao modo de produção capitalista e a sua configuração a partir da dependência e da superexploração da força de trabalho neste território e explicitar que a luta de classes está presente nos acordos coletivos firmados. Os dados foram agrupados em quatro cláusulas e foram organizados em tabelas, sendo: 1) Cláusulas trabalhistas; 2) Cláusulas sociais; 3) Acordos e Benefícios referentes à área da saúde e 4) Acordos e Benefícios referentes à área da família. Como resultado da análise, demonstra-se a conquista e a manutenção de direitos, bem como a perda de benefícios ao longo dos anos analisados. Demarca-se a importância e a necessidade da organização coletiva dos trabalhadores para fazer frente à necessidade de o capital retomar as taxas de lucro neste contexto produtivo. Ressalta-se a atuação do Sindicato Metabase Inconfidentes enquanto uma entidade combativa e alinhada aos interesses da categoria profissional que representa e da classe trabalhadora como um todo. Por fim, esta discussão intenta contribuir com a luta sindical dos trabalhadores da mineração na região Inconfidentes de Minas Gerais.
The Miocene Red Lake macroflora of the Deadman River Formation (Chilcotin Group), Interior Plateau, British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Greenwood David R. , West Christopher K. , Basinger James F.
Published: December 2020

Despite early interest in Neogene floras, primarily Miocene sites associated with Mio–Pliocene volcanic deposits of the Interior Plateau of British Columbia, few systematic accounts of the Miocene macrofloras of British Columbia – or elsewhere in non-Arctic Canada – have been published since the pioneering studies of J.W. Dawson and his contemporaries in the late 19th century. In this report, the Red Lake macroflora from sediments of the middle Miocene Deadman River Formation exposed in the Red Lake diatomite mine north of Kamloops, British Columbia, is illustrated, and a preliminary assessment presented, along with a brief review of Miocene floras from British Columbia and the U.S. Pacific Northwest. The Red Lake macroflora contains rare Ginkgo leaves, shoots of Cupressaceae (Cupressinocladus, Metasequoia, Taxodium) and shoots and seeds of Pinaceae (Pseudotsuga, Tsuga), maple (Acer) seeds and leaves, Liquidambar (fruit), Trochodendraceae (Zizyphoides auriculata leaves, Nordenskioeldia interglacialis fruits), leaves of 4 species of red and white oaks (Quercus columbiana, Q. prelobata, Q. pseudolyrata, Quercus sp.), leaves of an alder (Alnus harneyana) and birch (Betula thor), chestnut (Castanea spokanensis), beech (Fagus pacifica), sycamore (Platanus dissecta), elm (Ulmus speciosa), leaves of unidentified taxa, fruits of Tilia pedunculata (Malvaceae) and fruits and inflorescences of other unidentified taxa, and leaves of a reed or rush (indet. monocot). The Red Lake middle Miocene climate reconstructed from leaf physiognomy was temperate and mesic, with mean annual temperature ~11–13°C, mild winters (coldest month mean temperature ~3°C), mean annual precipitation 170 −51/+73 cm/yr, and growing season precipitation ~92 cm, with moderate seasonality of precipitation (three wettest months ~51 cm vs. three driest months ~25 cm). The Red Lake flora shows similarities to middle to late Miocene floras from the U.S. Pacific Northwest (i.e., richness in oaks) but is of much lower diversity and lacks key elements common to many of the contemporaneous U.S. Miocene floras (e.g., foliage of Pinaceae esp. Pinus), and is missing taxa detected in the microflora, a pattern likely due to sampling effectiveness at the Red Lake Mine and sampling of different lithofacies for macro- and microfloras.
Book review [Poyato-Ariza, F.J. & Buscalioni, Á.D. (eds.) 2016. Las Hoyas: a Cretaceous wetland.]
Authors: Halamski Adam T.
Published: December 2020

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Culturally De-Centered Test Design for Pictorial Reasoning Assessments
Authors: Lakin Joni
Published: December 2020

Although methods have been developed for developing culturally “decentered” assessments that use languages, such as transadaptation strategies, pictures are often assumed to be culture-neutral and have not received similar attention. This paper describes CogAT test development in 2007-2011 on the adaptation of verbal and quantitative reasoning formats that relied exclusively on pictures for students in grades K to 2. In the course of the test development, we applied cross-cultural test adaptation practices and developed new resources for cultural fairness reviews that explicitly addressed cultural loading of pictures and concepts beyond the usual achievement domains. This paper describes these applications and provides resources for others seeking to develop culturally decentered, picture-based assessments.
A FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DO PROFESSOR DE LETRAS (e suas habilitações) E O USO DA TECNOLOGIA EM NOVOS GÊNEROS TEXTUAIS
Authors: Puehler Luciane Marlova Fontanela , Matsuda Alice Atsuko
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo investiga como o conteúdo voltado ao uso das novas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) está contemplado na formação inicial do profissional de Letras (e suas habilitações), em suas grades curriculares, dos cursos presenciais de Universidades de Curitiba-PR. Para este intento, analisamos as grades curriculares dos cursos de Letras das faculdades: FAE, FAMA, USC, PUC-PR, UFPR, UNIANDRADE e UTFPR-CT. A finalidade desta investigação é verificar se o futuro profissional está recebendo a formação necessária para aplicar em sala de aula conhecimentos exigidos pelo modelo vigente, em que a tecnologia deve ser uma parceira. Pretende-se também verificar como a leitura de dois gêneros considerados contemporâneos, a Fanfiction e o Podcast, podem contribuir para a aprendizagem do conteúdo previsto para aulas de Literatura, no Ensino Médio. A metodologia usada neste estudo foi a pesquisa exploratória, com levantamento bibliográfico e documental e os pressupostos teóricos se baseiam em Rüdiger (2009); Sodré (2002); Moraes (1997); Gallo (2003); Freitas (2009); entre outros.
PROFESSORES NA ERA DIGITAL: ELABORAÇÃO DE UM CURSO DE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA SOBRE APLICATIVOS MÓVEIS
Authors: Policarpo Kadhiny Mendonça de Souza , Nunes Gabriela Marçal , Bergmann Juliana Cristina Faggion
Published: December 2020

A era digital tornou-se ponto central em muitas discussões, principalmente quando relacionado às questões de ensino-aprendizagem. Cada vez mais, professores e gestores demonstram verdadeiro interesse em inserir as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) na escola e em suas práticas docentes, entretanto, se deparam com diversas barreiras que impedem que a integração seja feita, como altas demandas de trabalho, impossibilitando que haja o contato e teste das novas ferramentas, o trabalho solitário, que impede o compartilhamento de experiências e, por fim, questões de infraestrutura. Devido a essas condições, desenvolveu-se um curso de formação continuada para professores cuja intenção foi levar a discussão sobre a era digital e o aluno do século XXI e, além disso, apresentar aplicativos móveis e suas potencialidades como possíveis recursos didáticos no ensino formal. Dessa maneira, o presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar como se deu o desenvolvimento de um curso de formação para professores, desde sua elaboração até sua aplicação.
APLICATIVO ASSISTIVO COMO AUXILIADOR DA PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL DE ALUNOS COM TEA.
Authors: Candido Vilma Mussilene de Araújo
Published: December 2020

Este estudo objetivou a construção de um aplicativo assistivo visando dar auxílio as pessoas com autismo nas suas produções de textos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, com caráter exploratório e descritivo do processo de elaboração, testagem e avaliação final do aplicativo. O percurso metodológico se desenvolveu com um levantamento bibliográfico, elaboração e aplicação de questionários, criação do aplicativo proposto e discussão dos dados. A pesquisa revelou que apesar da variedade de recursos disponíveis nas plataformas móveis, são escassos aqueles que se propõem a auxiliar a construção de textos. Quanto à elaboração do aplicativo, intitulado Letramento Interativa para Autistas – LIA, o mesmo possibilitou a obtenção de diferentes perspectivas a respeito do uso dos jogos na educação, além de contribuir no processo de desenvolvimento da habilidade de construção de narrativas.
POESIA, RESISTÊNCIA E ESPERANÇA EM CONCEIÇÃO EVARISTO
Authors: Da Silva MARCELO Medeiros , Da Cruz Vilela Josivânia
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo volta-se para o estudo da poesia de Conceição Evaristo em Poemas da recordação e outros movimentos (2017). Objetiva-se ler tal obra a partir da categoria “esperança”, conforme tal categoria é pensada por Paulo Freire em Pedagogia da Esperança (2000). No cômputo geral, a esperança aparece na lírica de Conceição Evaristo revestida de um viés político que visa à transformação das estruturas hegemônicas de poder que têm perpetuado injustiças sociais, discriminações e violências e, consequentemente, à construção de um futuro de liberdade e igualdade que passa necessariamente pelo esperançar freireano.
Grassou e Frenhofer: obra-prima conhecida ou desconhecida?
Authors: Dal Pont Izabel , Espirito Santo Marilene , Durand Allain-Philippe
Published: December 2020

O Artigo escrito pelo Prof. Dr. Alain Philippe Durand coloca em oposição duas obras do escritor Honoré de Balzac: Le chef-d'œuvre inconnu e Pierre Grassou, para fazer uma reflexão sobre o ato da criação artistica.
O português na República Democrática de Timor-Leste: quase duas décadas depois
Authors: Albuquerque Davi , Ramos Rui
Published: December 2020

A República Democrática de Timor-Leste foi a primeira nação do século XXI. Localizada no Sudeste Asiático, a ilha de Timor foi colônia portuguesa desde o século XVI até 1974. Após esse período, sofreu uma dominação indonésia que durou até 1999. Em 2002, tornou-se uma nação independente e elegeu a língua portuguesa como uma das línguas oficiais, sendo a outra a língua Tétum, língua nacional falada pela maior parte da população. Desde que se tornou independente, foram várias as ações de apoio e cooperação internacionais, destacando-se, entre outras áreas, o Ensino, bem como a presença de Brasil e Portugal nesse processo. Dessa maneira, o presente artigo tem o objetivo de refletir sobre a língua portuguesa em Timor-Leste a fim de verificar o estado atual em que essa língua se encontra no país, após quase vinte anos de existência. Para tanto, após a introdução, em (1), fornecemos algumas informações sociais, históricas e linguísticas sobre a ilha de Timor, em (2); explicamos os projetos e cooperações de ensino de português em Timor-Leste, em (3); descrevemos as pesquisas e as propriedades do português falado pelos leste-timorenses, em (4); seguido por nossas considerações finais.
SPANISH PAREMIAS WITH THE HEADWORD ‘AJENO’: LINGUOCULTURAL ASPECT
Authors: Menshakova N.N.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with linguocultural analysis of Spanish paremias with the headword ajeno . Due to their syntactic-semantic structure, proverbs are considered to be the most representative paremic genre in paremiology. Studying proverbs one can study ethnocultural originality of the language, pragmatic and functional potential of paremias in speech, the way of understanding reality and the way of forming cultural meaning of paremias. The Spanish paremias that are analyzed in the work as a rule belong to the category of proverbs. In the course of the analysis we considered compatibility of the lexeme ‘ajeno’ with the words that most often collocate with it. These words are nouns, verbs, and pronouns in the possessive case. The analysis revealed proverbs with binary opposition ajeno - propio , as well as proverbs in which the word ajeno comes into opposition with possessive pronouns or verbs in the form of the first person plural. The headword ajeno is most often found in proverbs than its synonyms, for example the word extraño . Variants of proverbs, their differences, the reasons for their existence are also analyzed. The logical and thematic analysis of the proverbs makes it possible to divide them into six groups according to the evaluation of other people or other people’s property expressed in them. On this basis, conclusions are drawn about the linguistic and cultural features of paremias with the headword ajeno .
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL LITERACY OF TEACHERS AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AS A READINESS FACTOR TO USE DISTANT EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Khlebnikova N.A. , Okonnikova T.I.
Published: December 2020

The article reveals the results of a sociological survey that allowed the authors to measure and analyze the levels of digital literacy of teachers and students of the Udmurt State University, as well as to assess the willingness of teachers and students to use digital technologies in the educational process and to the transition to the active use of distant learning technologies, including emergency transition to distant education due to the spread of coronavirus infection and rigid restrictions connected to self-isolation in the spring of 2020. In assessing the readiness of teachers and students for distance education, the authors proceed from the fact that it can be identified on the basis of their digital literacy index. According to the results of a sociological survey, the digital literacy indices of teachers and students are calculated, a detailed analysis of the components of these indices is given, the problem areas in the ICT competencies of teachers and students are identified, and the corresponding conclusions are drawn. The article provides a number of recommendations on the further use of digital technologies in the educational process of the university.
EDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE UDMURT STATE UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS CLUB IN STUDYING PROCESS OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS
Authors: Vorozhtsova I.B. , Kruchinina M.S.
Published: December 2020

The article focuses on the quality assurance issue of international students training in Russian universities at all levels (degree and non-degree). Lots of higher education institutions of the country admit international students, and they face similar hardships there, affecting their studies: lack of information regarding the country, different climate, lifestyle, living conditions, and the new language to acquire. The paper reviews the research on widely accepted organizational and administrative steps, along with pedagogical decisions, developed by the pedagogical community to support international students in social adaptation. We herewith reveal that the pedagogical support in this respect focuses on the educational potential of socio-cultural environment and is aimed to involve international students in a varied range of extra-curricular cognitive, research and leisure activities. Their life and cognitive foreign cultural experience being applied in the course of teaching Russian as a foreign language clears out the possibility of a broader educational context - social organizations activity. The article considers the International Students Club (UdSU social organization) activities through participation of international students. The grounding technologies to involve international students in team work with Russian students are project and play based learning. The article describes a number of projects and interactive games. The educational environment of this kind has the advantage of Russian and international students interacting and is characterized by multilingualism, equality of participants, informal communication, freedom to implement creative ideas, openness to the newcomers, as well as increased productivity. It contributes to the development of new and diverse speech practices in verbal and written communication, whereas their cognitive activity in discovering new socio-cultural environment helps develop professional skills.
METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT IN A MODERN RURAL SCHOOL
Authors: Zelko A.S. , Muzipova V.A.
Published: December 2020

The article describes the experience of methodological support for teachers in a rural school in the Kaliningrad region on the basis of federal and regional projects - Schools for Effective Growth, support for rural schools by Moscow schools, the School for Effective Management, the Center for Digital and Humanitarian Education "Growth Point". The definition of methodological work is given, approaches to the concept of different scientists are considered, the main features of the methodological support of rural schools are listed. A methodological support program is proposed on the example of one of the rural schools of the Kaliningrad region, which includes the goal, objectives, principles, content, planned results. It is proposed to include five areas in the program content - organizational, informational, personnel, scientific-methodological, legal support. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that the effectiveness of the methodological support program in a rural school can be achieved through the following indicators: one hundred percent passing the state final certification by ninth graders for two years, an increase in the number of teachers who passed certification, receiving stimulating payments by young teachers, achievements in the competition of young teachers at the regional level.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras Öğretimine İlişkin Görüşlerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: DEMİREZEN Serpil , AKTAŞ Gülendam
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin somut olmayan kültürel miras öğretimine ilişkin görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında Kırşehir il merkezinde görev yapan 20 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile toplanmış ve betimsel analiz kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin somut olmayan kültürel miras kavramını ve somut olmayan kültürel miras unsurlarını açıklayabildikleri görülmüştür. Öğretmenler somut olmayan kültürel mirasın korunmasına ilişkin olarak geçmişimizi koruma görevimiz olduğunu öğrencilere belirtmemiz gerektiğinden ve kültürel ögelerimizin toplumu birleştirici rolleri olduğundan bahsetmişlerdir. Ortaokul öğrencileri için somut olmayan kültürel miras öğretimini önemli buldukları görülmüştür. Ayrıca öğretmenler somut olmayan kültürel miras öğretiminde uygulamaya dönük çalışmalar yapılması gerektiğinden bahsetmişlerdir.
Efectos sobre la metodología Flipped Classroom a través de Blackboard sobre las actitudes hacia la estadística de estudiantes del Grado de Educación Primaria
Authors: Gámez Francisco David Guillén , Magaña Ernesto Colomo , Rivas Enrique Sánchez , Río Rocío Pérez del
Published: December 2020

Este estudio evalúa si el uso de la metodología Flipped Classroom apoyado por explicaciones del profesorado a través de plataformas virtuales de aprendizaje (Blackboard) produce una alteración en las actitudes hacia la estadística de futuros docentes de Educación primaria, en función del sexo. Para ello, se utilizó un diseño cuasiexperimental (pre-test / post-test) y como técnica estadística ANOVA mixto con tres medidas repetidas. La muestra fue de 66 estudiantes de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Almería (UAL). Para realizar el análisis comparativo en las actitudes hacia la estadística, fue utilizado el instrumento CAHE creado por Camacho et al. (2016) compuesto por un total de 16 ítems, clasificado en tres dimensiones: emocional negativa (temor, miedo, tensión hacia la estadística), emocional positiva (gusto, agrado, diversión hacia la estadística), y utilidad hacia la estadística. Los resultados evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las actitudes del alumnado entre el pre-test y el post-test al utilizar dicha metodología, pero no la interacción con el sexo. Los resultados ponen de relieve que el uso de la metodología Flipped Classroom puede ayudar a mejorar las actitudes hacia la investigación estadística, siendo un arma imprescindible para cualquier maestro que quiere innovar en sus clases.
Educación en seguridad digital
Authors: Jiménez Carmen Rodríguez , Torres Juan Manuel Trujillo , Guerrero Antonio José Moreno , García Santiago Alonso
Published: December 2020

La manera en la que la sociedad se comunica en la actualidad ha cambiado y esto afecta también a la educación. Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC), las redes sociales y los diferentes dispositivos multimedia suponen un papel fundamental en el ámbito educativo, sin embargo, no siempre este uso reporta beneficios, presentándose entre las posibles desventajas el cyberbullying. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la situación de la literatura científica existente en la base de datos Web of Science sobre cyberbullying. A nivel metodológico se ha llevado a cabo un estudio bibliométrico donde se analiza el desarrollo estructural y dinámico del término de estudio. Los resultados reflejan que la producción científica sobre esta temática es escasa e irregular, donde la mayoría de textos científicos son artículos y el inglés es su principal idioma. Se concluye que la temática aboga principalmente por la intervención y prevención.
uso de las TIC para la animación a la lectura en contextos vulnerables
Authors: Ramos-Navas-Parejo Magdalena , Cáceres-Reche María Pilar , Soler-Costa Rebeca , Marín-Marín José Antonio
Published: December 2020

La lectura es clave para el éxito académico y personal. Para adquirir este hábito es necesario realizar intervenciones de animación a la lectura, ya que, sobre todo al principio, supone un gran esfuerzo. Resulta especialmente relevante en el caso del alumnado vulnerable, porque el hecho de adquirir este hábito contribuye a evitar el fracaso escolar y abre la puerta hacia la integración social. Sin embargo, transmitir el gusto por la lectura no es una tarea sencilla para los docentes. Dada la tendencia social que existe hacia las TIC y su valor motivacional, muchos autores las consideran grandes recursos para la animación a la lectura. Por este motivo, se planteó el objetivo de analisar las estrategias TIC para la animación a la lectura y qué importância conceden a la población vulnerable. A través del método de revisión sistemática de la literatura se han analizado 19 artículos indexados en Scopus y la Web of Science, obteniendo como resultado que la mayoría estudian las preferencias entre los formatos digital y tradicional de lectura y, algo más de la mitad, se dirigen a mayores de 18 años. De los estudios que ofrecen estrategias de animación a la lectura, se recogen algunos recursos TIC y metodologías que han servido com éxito para el fomento de la lectura. Por lo que resulta fundamental seguir investigando las formas de animación a la lectura más efectivas para incentivar el hábito de leer y conseguir la inclusión educativa y social del alumnado desfavorecido.
impactos da gamificação e a utilização de jogos educacionais nas aulas de língua inglesa
Authors: Mello Diene Eire de , Ramos Samantha , Carlos Raquel , Mollero Giovanna
Published: December 2020

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o potencial impacto da gamificação e da introdução de jogos educacionais na motivação e na proficiência linguística de estudantes de Língua Inglesa no decorrer de um curso de 16 horas de TOEFL iBT: Produção Oral em uma universidade pública do Estado do Paraná. Dentre os integrantes do curso, dois alunos de pós-graduação participaram ativamente da coleta dos dados. Durante as aulas, foram utilizados elementos diversificados de gamificação, e os jogos educacionais que contemplaram trabalho em grupo, competição, desenvolvimento da habilidade oral na língua estrangeira, pensamento rápido e tomada de decisões. Para analisar os impactos motivacionais, ao final do curso, foi aplicado um questionário acerca das percepções dos alunos sobre as práticas gamificadas e os jogos utilizados em sala de aula. Para a análise da proficiência linguística, foi conduzida uma análise de aprimoramento lexical utilizando o database interativo English Profile a partir de gravações de um mesmo teste realizado no início e no final do curso. Os resultados apontam que os estudantes acreditam que as aulas gamificadas e a utilização de jogos educacionais auxiliaram positivamente no processo de aprendizagem quanto a motivação, engajamento e autoconfiança. Por sua vez, a análise das gravações apontou que não houve ganhos significativos no que se refere ao aprimoramento linguístico da produção oral dos estudantes. Concluímos que, apesar de a gamificação mostrar-se como uma estratégia didática eficiente em relação ao envolvimento do estudante, faz-se necessário ampliar pesquisas e experiências didáticas que possam subsidiar dados mais aprofundados no âmbito do ensino de línguas estrangeiras.
Histomorphometric Variations of the Placenta in Normal and Hypertensive Pregnancies
Authors: Rizwan Ali Talpur  , Samia Siddiqui  , Sehar Khowaja  , Naila Noor  , Muhammad Saqib Baloch  , Mansoor Mukhtar Qazi
Published: December 2020

Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a leading cause of deleterious changes in the placenta resulting in decreased blood supply towards the placenta. The objective of the current study was to analyze the histo-morphometric variations in the placenta of women with or without known pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out in the Gynecology and obstetrics section of Nazeer Hussain Medical Complex, Hyderabad in collaboration with Isra University, Hyderabad from March 2019 to August 2019. A total of 100 placentae were selected and divided into two groups (control and study groups) based on the presence or absence of hypertension in pregnancy. The observations of the control group placenta were compared with the study group placentas. All placentae were observed for morphometric and histological changes. SPSS ver. 22 was used to analyze the collected data.

Results: There was an increase in the mean weight of placentae among the control group as compared to the group having known hypertension cases and the difference was statistically significant (p-value <0.05). The fetoplacental weight ratio was increased among the hypertension group when compared to the statistically insignificant control group (p-value <0.05). Various gross (infarction, calcification) and histological changes (hyalinised villi, intervillous hemorrhage, decreased villous vascularity) were observed in the placentae of the hypertensive group as compared to the normal group.

Conclusion: The findings of the study concluded that Preeclampsia/PIH poses harmful and serious histo-morphometric variations in the placental tissues that affect fetal outcome.
Comparison of Clipless and Clipped Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy at Nishtar Hospital Multan, Pakistan
Authors: Manan Dr Abdul , Ahmad Khan Dr Ashar , Ahmad Irfan , Usman Dr Muhammad , Jamil Tariq , Sajid Dr Muhammad Afzal
Published: December 2020

Objective: 

To compare the efficacy of clipless cholecystectomy using harmonic scalpel and clipped conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Study design:

A randomized control trial.

Place and duration of study:

Department of general surgery at Nishtar Hospital Multan, from October 1st 2019 to March 31st 2020.

Methodology:

Total 188 patients of gallstone related cholecystitis were enrolled in the study and were selected using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. All the patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. One group was designated for clipless and the other for conventional clipped laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Age, gender, duration of cholecystitis, duration of Procedure, hospital stay, usefulness in difficult procedures and biliary leakage were recorded for all the patients. Data was entered in SPSS version 23 and analyzed.

Results:

Operation time was 28.35±7.92 minutes and 21.15±4.47 minutes in clipped and unclipped surgery, respectively (p<0.001). Hospital stay was 2.37±0.60 days in clipped surgery group and 1.71±0.74 days in clipless surgery group (p<0.001). Biliary leakage was reported in 2(2.1 %) patients of the clipped group and 1(1.1%) patients of the unclipped group (p = 0.561). Usefulness of the procedure in difficult cases was documented in 0 (0.0%) of the clipped procedures and in 8 (8.5%) of the clipless procedures (p=0.004).

Conclusion:

As witnessed from this study, it can be concluded that clipless surgery is a better option as compared to the clipped conventional laparoscopic Cholecystectomy as former is associated with shorter operation time, shorter hospital stay and better usefulness in difficult cases.
Comparison of Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors with Lymphoma Survivors
Authors: Dr. Mumtaz Ahmad Khan  , Dr. Shaista Zaffar  , Dr. Namrah Mahmood
Published: December 2020

Objectives: To compare the Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Survivors and Lymphoma Survivors post treatment.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was performed in the departments of General Surgery and Oncology at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad from 1st June to 31st December 2019. Patients who had received treatment for breast cancer and Lymphoma were included using non probability consecutive sampling technique. A standardized questionnaire (QOL-CSV) to assess quality of life in cancer survivors was filled in by the researchers after interviewing the patients and their responses were recorded with the demographic and clinical characteristics of each patient. The data was entered in SPSS version 20 and co-relations were obtained.

Results: A total number of 50 lymphoma survivors (LS) and 166 breast cancer survivors (BCS) participated. Physical parameters revealed a better mean score of 75.86 ±10.53 for LS group than for BCS group (63.45 ±9.64). Psychological well being score was similar with a mean of 42.18 ±8.06 for LS and 43.04 ±7.04 for BCS group. Distress was dealt better by LS than BCS (50% scoring 41-50 in LS versus 46.6% scoring 31-40 in BCS). Fear of recurrence and spread was higher amongst BCS group (≤10 score in 46.4% participants). LS group performed worse in social factors (mean value of 26.88 ±6.67). Spiritual well being was markedly better in BCS (mean value 47.15 ±6.27).

Conclusion: Considerable negative impact on physical, psychological and social well being of carcinoma survivors is noted, especially after mastectomy.

Key words: Carcinoma, Lymphoma, Breast cancer
Intraparotid Facial Nerve Schwannoma in a 40-Year-Old Male with Hearing Loss – A Case Report
Authors: Nabi Nosheen , Ishaq Qudsia , Muhammad Tahir  , Shah Aslam
Published: December 2020

Schwannoma is a benign tumor of axonal nerve sheath. Head and neck area, particularly parotid gland is an uncommon site for Schwannoma, however it can rarely arise from the intraparotid part of facial nerve and present as either a symptomless mass or facial paresis. Its diagnosis before surgical intervention is important for the conservation of parotid gland and facial nerve. On clinical examination and imaging studies, it can be misdiagnosed easily. FNAC is a helpful tool for its diagnosis. This entity should not be ignored while dealing with parotid masses. We present a case of a patient who came with the complaint of a parotid mass. Magnetic imaging resonance (MRI) scan suggested a parotid tumor which proved to be a spindle cell neoplasm on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC). A definite diagnosis of schwannoma of intraparotid facial nerve was made on histopathological examination of the excision sample.
CONGENITAL GRANULAR CELL TUMOUR : A RARE CASE REPOR
Authors: Devi Sabari , Ahmed Waziha
Published: December 2020

Congenital granular cell tumour/ epulis (CGCE) is a rare benign lesion of the newborn. It was first described in 1871 by Neumann. It usually arises from the alveolar mucosa of neonates and may cause respiratory and feeding problems. The exact histogenesis is unclear. The proposed source of origin includes undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, odontogenic epithelial, pericytes, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells. Treatment involves surgical excision and and its curative with rare recurrence rate.
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY COMPARING CLINICAL OUTCOME OF IUGR NEONATES WITH NORMAL AND ABNORMAL UMBILICAL ARTERY FLOW DOPPLER
Authors: Panchal Aarti , Munshi Sucheta , Chauhan Halak
Published: December 2020

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is one of the causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity which affects approximately 9.65% of pregnancies worldwide. Doppler indices from the fetal circulation can reliably predict adverse perinatal outcome.
Aims &objectives: To compare perinatal complications and outcome between term and preterm IUGR neonates having normal and abnormal umbilical artery flow Doppler.
Methodology: 140 IUGR Neonates with abnormal and normal antenatal umbilical artery Doppler scan admitted in NICU of Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad were included in the study. Amongst them 52 were preterm and 88 were term neonates. Study was conducted between October 2019 to December 2019. Primary outcome measure is neonatal mortality and secondary outcome measure is neonatal morbidities like perinatal asphyxia, hypoglycemia, NEC, hyperbilirubinemia etc.
Results: Amongst140 IUGR neonates Preterm were more in case group 36(51.4%) compared to control group 16(22.8 %.) Hypoglycaemia and NEC was observed more in preterm 19 (36.5%) and 14(26.9%) compared to 16(18.2%) and 11(12.5%) in term respectively. Birth asphyxia was observed more in term 26(29.5%) than preterm 7(13.5%). At birth perinatal asphyxia was observed more in case group, 27 out of 70 (38.5%), as compared to 6 out of 70 (8.5%) in control group (P <0.05). Hypoglycemia and NEC was noticed in 30(42.8%) and 24(34.2%) neonates in case group, as compared to 5(7.1%) and 2(2.8%) neonates in control group respectively. (P < 0.05)
Conclusion: Neonates with abnormal Umbilical Artery Doppler flow are at increased risk of perinatal complications and needs extra care during this period.
TREATMENT OF NAIL PSORIASIS: A REVIEW
Authors: Kalambe Vaibhav , Wadhwani Varun
Published: December 2020

Nail involvement is an extremely common presentation in people with psoriasis, with life time incidence of nail involvement being 80-90% and is very closely associated with psoriasis vulgaris and psoriatic arthritis. Even though, 5-10% of the cases may have an isolated nail psoriasis, it is usually overlooked. Nail psoriasis has been termed as one of the difficult psoriasis, due to various problems and hurdles experienced during the treatment, like patient tolerance, bioavailability, cost of treatment or longer duration of treatment. Nail psoriasis has a significant psychosocial and economic impact on the life of the patient, as the clinical presentation can not only be painful, but also have a cosmetic disadvantage and cause hindrance in intricate and delicate work. In this review, we discuss about various clinical manifestations and the Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI) briefly and explore in depth, the multiple treatment modalities like nail care, topical agents, phototherapy and photochemotherapy, systemic agents and the newer Biological agents and their effectiveness.
MASSIVE EDEMA OF OVARY-PSEUDOTUMOR: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Chinchoriya Shreya , Pophale Sandeep
Published: December 2020

Massive ovarian oedema is defined by WHO as formation of tumour like enlargement of one or both ovaries by oedema fluid in the stroma
It is a benign lesion with age distribution varying from a neonate at six months of age to postmenopausal women up to 60-years-old. The differential diagnosis are ovarian fibromatosis, ovarian fibroma, sclerosing stromal tumour and ovarian myxoma. The common management of massive oedema of ovary is unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, as the lesion is mistaken for primary ovarian neoplasm at laparotomy. Diagnosing MOE is of great importance to prevent unnecessary aggressive treatment in young patients to prevent infertility .We report this case of Massive Oedema of Ovary for its uncommonness.
STUDY OF PREVALENCE AND FACTORS INFLUENCING THE OCCURRENCE OF LEFT ATRIAL/ LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE CLOT IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE & MITRAL STENOSIS IN SINUS RHYTHM VS ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.
Authors: Chauhan Ashish , Gupta Rajeev Kumar , Agarwal V.V.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate a large group of consecutive, non-anticoagulated patients with RHD (rheumatic mitral stenosis) and to analyze the left atrial appendage function in relation to left atrial appendage clot and spontaneous echo contrast formation in patients who were in SR vs. in AF.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This is a hospital based observational study conducted in department of cardiology, S. M. S. MEDICAL COLLEGE and associated hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan; between march 2016 to august 2017. We prospectively studied clinical and echocardiographic parameters of LA/LAA in 303 consecutive patients with mitral stenosis who underwent trans-esophageal echocardiography and correlated it with spontaneous echo contrast and left atrial appendage clot. The mean age of the patients was 32.94 years. One hundred thirty seven (45.21%) patients were in atrial fibrillation and 166 (54.79%) patients were in sinu rhythm. We found a statistically significant difference in the age of presentation (29.16/33.93/36.68 Yr; P =0.006/<0.001), MVA (1.17/0.8/0.69 cm2; P=<0.001/0.024), LA diameter (39/47.24/50 cm; P=<0.001/<0.001), LAA emptying velocity (45/26.43/15 cm/sec; P=<0.001/<0.001) and EF (37.49/30.67/23.7%; P=<0.001/0.001) among the patients without spontaneous echo contrast /clot vs. with spontaneous echo contrast vs. with spontaneous echo contrast & clot. By using student t-test, we found that there was a statistically significant difference in age of presentation, BMI, MDG, LA diameter, LAA emptying velocity and EF in patients who were in sinus rhythm vs. atrial fibrillation (P<0.05). Incidence of spontaneous echo contrast was 68.67% vs. 91.97% in patients in sinus rhythm vs atrial fibrillation, while that of SEC & CLOT both was 4.22% vs. 33.58% in patients in SR vs AF. In a subgroup of the patients
with LA/LAA clot, the LA diameter (55.14 : 49.98 CM; P=0.057) and the LAA emptying velocity ( 15.14 : 15.26 CM/Sec; P=0.923) were not significantly different among patients in SR vs in AF.
CONCLUSION: In the patients with severe mitral stenosis, besides atrial fibrillation, a subgroup of patients in normal sinus rhythm with depressed left atrial appendage function had a higher risk of clot formation in left atrial appendage and these patients should be routinely anticoagulated for prevention of clot formation.
A STUDY TO DETERMINE FOLLOW-UP STRATEGY FOR DIFFERENTIATING A TRUE INACTIVE CARRIERS FROM CHRONIC HEPATITIS PATIENTS WITH HBEAG NEGATIVE BY THE HBV DNA CUTOFF VALUE
Authors: Saw Subhash Kumar , Sohail MD. Mohammad , Kumar Jainendra
Published: December 2020

Background & Objective: As compare to true inactive carrier a significantly different prognosis generally observed in Patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB). To differentiate this two condition accurately there are no reliable strategy. To determine follow-up strategy for differentiating a true inactive carriers from chronic hepatitis patients with HBeAg negative by the HBV DNA cutoff value.

Materials and Methods: We had enrolled potential inactive carriers who were consecutive untreated patients. This inactive carriers defined as HBV DNA < 2000 IU/mL, normal ALT levels, anti-HBe-positive and definitely HBeAg-negative. HBV DNA level to ≥ 2000 IU/mL was defined as the HBV reactivation. Patients whose HBV DNA levels remained at < 2000 IU/mL were classified as true inactive carriers and patients whose HBV DNA level to ≥ 2000 were classified as false inactive carriers during the first year.

Results: Among 112 inactive carrier (age, 48.3 ± 13.1 years) who were initially selected, 75 were males. As identified, 23.2 ± 7.9 IU/L and 359 ± 478 IU/mL were serum ALT and HBV DNA levels, respectively. In 24 patients there were a significant drop in HBV reactivation during the first year. Between true and false inactive carriers there were a significantly different ALT and HBV DNA levels. In patients, whose baseline HBV DNA level was ≥ 200 IU/mL as compare to patients whose baseline HBV DNA level was < 200 IU/mL, HBV reactivation developed more often during a follow-up of 354 ± 175 days.

Conclusion: From true inactive carriers to differentiate patients with HBeAg-negative CHB, HBV DNA level was useful tool. As per HBV DNA level of inactive carriers applied follow-up strategies need to vary.
CORREALTION OF CT CHEST IMAGES WITH THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION IN COVID-19 INFECTION: A CLINICO-RADIOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors: Khan Uzma , Ghosh Arindam , Mutneja Vikram
Published: December 2020

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the correlation of CT chest images with the clinical presentation in COVID-19 infection.
Methodology: 50 confirmed COVID-19 patients those who were hospitalized were included in the study. Patient history, laboratory results, demographic data, severity, time course of symptoms was recorded. The duration of onset of the symptoms to initial CT scan, fever recordings including duration of onset of fever to CT scanning and white blood counts were recorded along with the CT Scores of each patient.
Results: The CT scores were found to have significant correlation with age (r=0.348, p value= 0.046), duration of onset to CT scanning (r=0.654, p value= 0.001), duration of fever onset to CT scanning (r=0.679, p value= 0.001) and white blood cell count (r=0.398, p value= 0.034).
Conclusion: We found correlation between the CT scores and Age, duration of onset to Ct scanning, duration of fever onset to Ct scanning and white blood cell count.
TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE IN CHRONIC TENDINOPATHIES
Authors: Patel Vijay J , Khanna Manish
Published: December 2020

Introduction
Chronic tendinopathies involves majority of patients in clinical practice of orthopaedic surgeons and sports physicians. The burdens of these problems to a society adversely effect the social, economical,occupational, recreational and physical aspect of patients. Translational medicine confers an emerging medical advances efficiently towards the clinician directly from scientists which may used as a targeted therapy.
Objectives:
The main objective of translational research from “bench to bedside” is to test novel inventions in humans. Our purpose in this article to understand the translational medicine approach for chronic tendinopathies in clinical aspects. This fulfill the basic objectives of translational science to promote further medical and surgical care with ease.
Methods
We conducted search in electronic database of google scholar, pubmed ,Embase, web of science, Elsevier and science direct with reviews till October 2020. After obtaining search we narrowed our search for articles in terms of getting a literature specifically mentioned about translational medicine ,translational sciences, chronic tendinopathies. Methodological quality assessment and analysis were done in order to obtain relevantrepresenatation that best suited to our objectives for this article.
As this is a narrative review we tried to accommodate important aspect of research and future directives for clinical implications as well as future research in the fields.
Discussion:
Translational research in chronic tendinopathies is required certainly due to plenty of reasons. Newer advances and targeted approach to these tendon disorders may curtail the further degenerative process. It aids in earlier diagnosis and prevention of morbidity, early occupancy of occupational activity, lack of economical as well as recreational failure. Pre-disease level activity is ultimate goal of any therapy.
Current guidelines are lacking in agreement for any single guidelines for tendinopathies. Moreover, there aren’t any clearly defined ideal treatment protocol. Tendon pathophysiology is constantly evolving researched topic in both biochemical as well as molecular aspect.
Clinical implications of such emerging techniques and treatments where “bench to bedside” and “bedside to bench” motto of translational medicine should be fastened in order to achieve a newer approach.
Conclusions:
The basic fundamental understanding of complex process of tendon healing and regeneration is necessary for formulating a newer guidelines. The cornerstone of treatment of tendinopathies is still non-operative management. Physical therapy, better pain control, NSAIDS are still primary choice for these conditions. Various biological therapy whenever used one should combined them with other appropriate options to obtain an optimum outcome.