bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A prediction model based on digital breast pathology image information
Authors: Sun Guoxin , Cai Liying , Yan Xiong , Nie Weihong , Liu Xin , Xu Jing , Zou Xiao
Published: May 2024

Background

The workload of breast cancer pathological diagnosis is very heavy. The purpose of this study is to establish a nomogram model based on pathological images to predict the benign and malignant nature of breast diseases and to validate its predictive performance.

Methods

In retrospect, a total of 2,723 H&E-stained pathological images were collected from 1,474 patients at Qingdao Central Hospital between 2019 and 2022. The dataset consisted of 509 benign tumor images (adenosis and fibroadenoma) and 2,214 malignant tumor images (infiltrating ductal carcinoma). The images were divided into a training set (1,907) and a validation set (816). Python3.7 was used to extract the values of the R channel, G channel, B channel, and one-dimensional information entropy from all images. Multivariable logistic regression was used to select variables and establish the breast tissue pathological image prediction model.

Results

The R channel value, B channel value, and one-dimensional information entropy of the images were identified as independent predictive factors for the classification of benign and malignant pathological images (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram model in the training set was 0.889 (95% CI: 0.869, 0.909), and the AUC in the validation set was 0.838 (95% CI: 0.7980.877). The calibration curve results showed that the calibration curve of this nomogram model was close to the ideal curve. The decision curve results indicated that the predictive model curve had a high value for auxiliary diagnosis.

Conclusion

The nomogram model for the prediction of benign and malignant breast diseases based on pathological images demonstrates good predictive performance. This model can assist in the diagnosis of breast tissue pathological images.
Magnetically treated water for removal of surface contamination by Malathion on Chinese Kale (Brassica oleracea L.)
Authors: SUDSIRI Chadapust J. , JUMPA Nattawat , RITCHIE Raymond J.
Published: May 2024

Malathion® is a persistent organophosphate pesticide used against biting and chewing insects on vegetables. It is a difficult-to-remove surface contaminant of vegetables and contaminates surface and ground water and soils. Malathion® is only partially water soluble, but use of detergent carriers makes adhering Malathion® residues difficult to subsequently remove. Magnetically treated water (MTW) successfully removed Malathion® from Chinese Kale (Brassica oleracea L.), meeting Maximum Residue Load (MRL) standards. Samples were soaked in MTW for 30 min prior to detection with GC/MS/MS, 98.5±3.02% of Malathion® was removed after washing by MTW. Removal by simple washing was only ≈42±1.2% which was not nearly sufficient to meet MRL criteria.
Prediction analysis of carbon emission in China’s electricity industry based on the dual carbon background
Authors: Ding Ze-qun , Zhu Hong-qing , Zhou Wei-ye , Bai Zhi-gang
Published: May 2024

The electric power sector is the primary contributor to carbon emissions in China. Considering the context of dual carbon goals, this paper examines carbon emissions within China’s electricity sector. The research utilizes the LMDI approach for methodological rigor. The results show that the cumulative contribution of economies scale, power consumption factors and energy structure are 114.91%, 85.17% and 0.94%, which contribute to the increase of carbon emissions, the cumulative contribution of power generation efficiency and ratio of power dissipation to generation factor are -19.15% and -0.01%, which promotes the carbon reduction. The decomposition analysis highlights the significant influence of economic scale on carbon emissions in the electricity industry, among the seven factors investigated. Meanwhile, STIRPAT model, Logistic model and GM(1,1) model are used to predict carbon emissions, the average relative error between actual carbon emissions and the predicted values are 0.23%, 8.72% and 7.05%, which indicates that STIRPAT model is more suitable for medium- to long-term predictions. Based on these findings, the paper proposes practical suggestions to reduce carbon emissions and achieve the dual carbon goals of the power industry.
Biomarkers for prognosis of meningioma patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aung Tin May , Ngamjarus Chetta , Proungvitaya Tanakorn , Saengboonmee Charupong , Proungvitaya Siriporn
Published: May 2024

Meningioma is the most common primary brain tumor and many studies have evaluated numerous biomarkers for their prognostic value, often with inconsistent results. Currently, no reliable biomarkers are available to predict the survival, recurrence, and progression of meningioma patients in clinical practice. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of immunohistochemistry-based (IHC) biomarkers of meningioma patients. A systematic literature search was conducted up to November 2023 on PubMed, CENTRAL, CINAHL Plus, and Scopus databases. Two authors independently reviewed the identified relevant studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the studies included. Meta-analyses were performed with the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and progression-free survival (PFS). The risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated using the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. A total of 100 studies with 16,745 patients were included in this review. As the promising markers to predict OS of meningioma patients, Ki-67/MIB-1 (HR = 1.03, 95%CI 1.02 to 1.05) was identified to associate with poor prognosis of the patients. Overexpression of cyclin A (HR = 4.91, 95%CI 1.38 to 17.44), topoisomerase II α (TOP2A) (HR = 4.90, 95%CI 2.96 to 8.12), p53 (HR = 2.40, 95%CI 1.73 to 3.34), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (HR = 1.61, 95%CI 1.36 to 1.90), and Ki-67 (HR = 1.33, 95%CI 1.21 to 1.46), were identified also as unfavorable prognostic biomarkers for poor RFS of meningioma patients. Conversely, positive progesterone receptor (PR) and p21 staining were associated with longer RFS and are considered biomarkers of favorable prognosis of meningioma patients (HR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.88 and HR = 1.89, 95%CI 1.11 to 3.20). Additionally, high expression of Ki-67 was identified as a prognosis biomarker for poor PFS of meningioma patients (HR = 1.02, 95%CI 1.00 to 1.04). Although only in single studies, KPNA2, CDK6, Cox-2, MCM7 and PCNA are proposed as additional markers with high expression that are related with poor prognosis of meningioma patients. In conclusion, the results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that PR, cyclin A, TOP2A, p21, p53, VEGF and Ki-67 are either positively or negatively associated with survival of meningioma patients and might be useful biomarkers to assess the prognosis.
The effect of calcaneus and metatarsal head offloading insoles on healthy subjects’ gait kinematics, kinetics, asymmetry, and the implications for plantar pressure management: A pilot study
Authors: Shuang Jiawei , Haron Athia , Massey Garry , Mansoubi Maedeh , Dawes Helen , Bowling Frank L. , Reeves Neil D. , Weightman Andrew , Cooper Glen
Published: May 2024

Background

The global number of people with diabetes is estimated to reach 643 million by 2030 of whom 19–34% will present with diabetic foot ulceration. Insoles which offload high-risk ulcerative regions on the foot, by removing insole material, are the main contemporary conservative treatment to maintain mobility and reduce the likelihood of ulceration. However, their effect on the rest of the foot and relationship with key gait propulsive and balance kinematics and kinetics has not been well researched.

Purpose

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of offloading insoles on gait kinematics, kinetics, and plantar pressure throughout the gait cycle.

Methods

10 healthy subjects were recruited for this experiment to walk in 6 different insole conditions. Subjects walked at three speeds on a treadmill for 10 minutes while both plantar pressure and gait kinematics, kinetics were measured using an in-shoe pressure measurement insole and motion capture system/force plates. Average peak plantar pressure, pressure time integrals, gait kinematics and centre of force were analysed.

Results

The average peak plantar pressure and pressure time integrals changed by -30% (-68% to 3%) and -36% (-75% to -1%) at the region of interest when applying offloading insoles, whereas the heel strike and toe-off velocity changed by 15% (-6% to 32%) and 12% (-2% to 19%) whilst walking at three speeds.

Conclusion

The study found that offloading insoles reduced plantar pressure in the region of interest with loading transferred to surrounding regions increasing the risk of higher pressure time integrals in these locations. Heel strike and toe-off velocities were increased under certain configurations of offloading insoles which may explain the higher plantar pressures and supporting the potential of integrating kinematic gait variables within a more optimal therapeutic approach. However, there was inter-individual variability in responses for all variables measured supporting individualised prescription.
Female proportion has a stronger influence on dispersal than body size in nematodes of mountain lakes
Authors: de Mendoza Guillermo , Gansfort Birgit , Catalan Jordi , Traunspurger Walter
Published: May 2024

Nematodes disperse passively and are amongst the smallest invertebrates on Earth. Free-living nematodes in mountain lakes are highly tolerant of environmental variations and are thus excellent model organisms in dispersal studies, since species-environment relationships are unlikely to interfere. In this study, we investigated how population or organism traits influence the stochastic physical nature of passive dispersal in a topologically complex environment. Specifically, we analyzed the influence of female proportion and body size on the geographical distribution of nematode species in the mountain lakes of the Pyrenees. We hypothesized that dispersal is facilitated by (i) a smaller body size, which would increase the rate of wind transport, and (ii) a higher female proportion within a population, which could increase colonization success because many nematode species are capable of parthenogenetic reproduction. The results showed that nematode species with a low proportion of females tend to have clustered spatial distributions that are not associated with patchy environmental conditions, suggesting greater barriers to dispersal. When all species were pooled, the overall proportion of females tended to increase at the highest elevations, where dispersal between lakes is arguably more difficult. The influence of body size was barely relevant for nematode distributions. Our study highlights the relevance of female proportion as a mechanism that enhances the dispersal success of parthenogenetic species, and that female sex is a determining factor in metacommunity connectivity.
The nematode (Ascaris suum) intestine is a location of synergistic anthelmintic effects of Cry5B and levamisole
Authors: Williams Paul D. E. , Brewer Matthew T. , Aroian Raffi V. , Robertson Alan P. , Martin Richard J.
Published: May 2024

A novel group of biocidal compounds are the Crystal 3D (Cry) and Cytolytic (Cyt) proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Some Bt Cry proteins have a selective nematocidal activity, with Cry5B being the most studied. Cry5B kills nematode parasites by binding selectively to membrane glycosphingolipids, then forming pores in the cell membranes of the intestine leading to damage. Cry5B selectively targets multiple species of nematodes from different clades and has no effect against mammalian hosts. Levamisole is a cholinergic anthelmintic that acts by selectively opening L-subtype nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ion-channels (L-AChRs) that have been found on muscles of nematodes. A synergistic nematocidal interaction between levamisole and Cry5B at the whole-worm level has been described previously, but the location, mechanism and time-course of this synergism is not known. In this study we follow the timeline of the effects of levamisole and Cry5B on the Ca2+ levels in enterocyte cells in the intestine of Ascaris suum using fluorescence imaging. The peak Ca2+ responses to levamisole were observed after approximately 10 minutes while the peak responses to activated Cry5B were observed after approximately 80 minutes. When levamisole and Cry5B were applied simultaneously, we observed that the responses to Cry5B were bigger and occurred sooner than when it was applied by itself. It is proposed that the synergism is due to the cytoplasmic Ca2+ overload that is induced by the combination of levamisole opening Ca2+ permeable L-subtype nAChRs and the Ca2+ permeable Cry5B toxin pores produced in the enterocyte plasma membranes. The effect of levamisole potentiates and speeds the actions of Cry5B that gives rise to bigger Ca2+ overloads that accelerates cell-death of the enterocytes.
Women undercover: Exploring the intersectional identities of Muslim women through modest fashion
Authors: Mirza Romana B.
Published: May 2024

Significant discrimination is directed towards Muslim women who dress modestly. Despite this, Muslims around the world continue to spend tens of billions of dollars on modest fashion. Past research in modest fashion has focused on modest fashion influencers, the industry or on veiling. Muslim women’s everyday dress practices and their lived experiences have not been studied through an intersectional lens. Through an intersectional theoretical framework, this research uses wardrobe interviews with sixteen Muslim women to explore how they embody their identity through modest fashion, how intersectionality impacts their clothing choices and what contexts influence their sartorial decisions. Three themes emerge: what influences their style; how they shop and style outfits; and what consequences are faced. By prioritizing modesty as a sartorial practice, these women are diverting the western gaze, navigating away from superficial and oppressive western beauty ideals and challenging narrow Islamophobic stereotypes.
Estado actual de la Enfermería en los Centros de Día Gerontológicos de Huelva
Authors: Sánchez Galloso Julia , García Padilla Francisca María , Arana Rodríguez Andrés
Published: May 2024

Introducción: El envejecimiento poblacional ha desplegado un nuevo y amplio campo de estudio para la ciencia sanitaria en el que la enfermería debe investigar para garantizar la autonomía en salud de las personas mayores. Objetivo: Visibilizar los Centros de Día Gerontológicos (CDG) y las actividades de los profesionales de enfermería en dichos centros en Huelva. Metodología: Se ha realizado una investigación cualitativa a partir de cuestionarios y entrevistas dirigidas al personal de dirección y enfermería de varios Centros de Día de Huelva y provincia. Resultados: Los CDG son un recurso intermedio con múltiples objetivos y funciones, que ofrecen calidad de vida tanto para los mayores como para sus familiares. Se componen de un equipo básico de profesionales que trabaja de forma no permanente. La figura de la enfermería es esencial, pero cuenta con una situación laboral muy deficiente. Conclusión: Estos centros proporcionan cuidados profesionales y permiten la permanencia en los domicilios habituales favoreciendo la calidad de vida y autonomía de esta población mayor. La bibliografía sobre este tema es escasa, por lo que se considera necesario profundizar en su investigación junto con la puesta en marcha de programas y propuestas de mejora que den a conocer estos centros sociosanitarios.
THE CONCEPT OF FORMING A DIGITAL TWIN STRUCTURE TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PURCHASED LITERATURE IN THE SYSTEM OF ACQUISITION OF THE BOOK COLLECTION OF THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Kromina L.A.
Published: May 2024

The sphere of higher education, including library processes, nowadays functions in close interaction with information systems, among which information systems based on artificial intelligence technology seem to be especially effective. Implemented by the university educational process and scientific research are directly dependent on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the acquisition process of the book collection. In this regard, relevant is a possible way to use a digital twin, based on artificial intelligence technology, as a tool of intelligent management in the preparation of an order of literature for the university, by ranking the ordered publications on the indicators of informational relevance, based on the principles of information equivalence, and the unequal value of meaningful references. Research Objective. Discusses the structures of the proposed digital twin, examples of calculating the rankings of publications offered by publishers for purchase. Materials and methods. The authors analyze the principles of information equivalence, according to which all the significant references have the same informative value, and the principles of information unequalness, which consist in assigning informational weight (calculated on the basis of citation indices of authors of the refereed publication) to each reference made by the university staff. Results. Developed models of neural networks, which perform a digital twin and provide the possibility of determining the importance of the literature submitted for purchase, which is planned to be considered as the main in the process of implementation of the intelligent system of formation of the order of the literature, characterized by the optimum performance. We propose the use of a learning algorithm with a teacher, where the input is a training spectrum of data, which the neural network receives and then re¬cognizes dependencies and correctly responds to the incoming test data set. Once the neural network is fully trained, it is planned to disable the teacher, which will allow the neural network to work independently. Conclusion. The functionality of the developed abstract models of neural networks can be expanded to account the rating, qualitative (on the topics of publications), quantitative (by titles and types of publications, the cost of the order with delivery, etc.), as well as to determine the number of copies of the ordered publications.
AN APPROACH TO ESTIMATING THE FREQUENCY OF SPECTRAL COMPONENT BY LOW-RESOLUTION SPECTRUM OF DIGITAL SIGNAL
Authors:   South Ural State University, Kazarinov L.S. , Kolosova Z.A. ,   South Ural State University, Abdullin V.V. ,   South Ural State University, Shnayder D.A. ,   South Ural State University
Published: May 2024

This paper examines certain methods of obtaining the exact frequency of the spectral component from the signal spectrum with insufficient resolution in order to clarify the accuracy of these methods and their applicability. The basic principles and the sequence of actions are given for the implementation of parabolic interpolation and frequency demodulation. These methods are applied to a synthesized signal containing a frequency component that cannot be determined directly from a low-resolution spectrum. The methods considered differ in the complexity of calculations and the accuracy of the results obtained. An introduction is made about the applicability of the considered methods for various tasks of vibration diagnostics. Purpose of the study. The article examines methods for obtaining an accurate frequency of a spectral component from a signal spectrum with insufficient resolution. The aim of the study is to determine the accuracy and applicability of the described methods. Materials and methods. The following methods were used to achieve the stated goal: parabolic interpolation and frequency demodulation. The article presents the basic principles and sequence of actions for implementing these methods. To verify the effectiveness of the used methods, a signal was synthesized containing a frequency component that cannot be directly determined from a low-resolution spectrum. Results. The methods of parabolic interpolation and frequency demodulation were applied to the synthesized signal. The results showed that the specified methods allow obtaining accurate values of the frequency of the spectral component even at low spectrum resolution. The considered methods differ in computational complexity and the accuracy of the obtained results. Conclusion. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that the methods of parabolic interpolation and frequency demodulation are effective for obtaining an accurate frequency of a spectral component from a signal spectrum with insufficient resolution. The results of the study can be used in various vibration diagnostics tasks. The conclusion notes that the choice of a specific method depends on the complexity of the calculations and the required accuracy of the results.
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INNOVATIVE PROJECTS
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Mustaev I.Z. , Maksimova N.K. ,   PJSC “UEC-UMPO”, Mustaeva D.I. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology
Published: May 2024

Innovative projects involve a large amount of resources and time required to implement and achieve the required product parameters. Well-known methods of economic evaluation of the effectiveness of projects can provide an accurate analysis for the first few years, without taking into account all possible factors. Due to the importance of setting the effectiveness assessment as accurately as possible for the implementation of innovative projects, regardless of the duration, the methods currently used are insufficiently developed. The amount of resources required to create an innovative project can reach such levels of indicators, which will significantly affect the financial and economic performance of the enterprise. The proposed new method in the article, based on the calculation of the socio-physical potential of the project, takes into account both economic and non-economic factors, regardless of the duration of the project. Unlike other methods, it takes into account the parameters of the product being created, which allows you to get more correct estimates and ensure the correct allocation of resources during implementation. The method of using socio-physical potential allows us to find a new and more accurate approach to evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects. The purpose of the study. The paper considers the issue of comparing the evaluation of the effectiveness of calculations using socio-physical potentials and existing approaches. It is stated that the effectiveness assessment should take into account diverse factors of a qualitative and quantitative nature. Based on the analysis of existing approaches, it is concluded that the reliability of the assessment is low. The inability to evaluate correctly leads to excessive costs that accompany the processes of product development and operation. Materials and methods. An efficiency assessment model based on the calculation of the socio-physical potential is presented. A model of the socio-physical potential is presented. The method of determining efficiency is described, the application of which is described in a comparative example of the analysis of the choice of the machine. Results. With the complexity of the implementation of innovative projects, the transition to assessment using socio-physical potential ensures a more efficient allocation of resources for project development. A method of using socio-physical potential for calculating the effectiveness of innovative projects was proposed and justified. Conclusion. In conclusion, it is concluded that in order to increase efficiency, it is necessary to carry out an assessment using the method of calculating socio-physical potentials, since the results are more accurate in comparison with known methods.
Semantic of Case Particles Ni, De, E, and O as Locative Marker
Authors: Alifah Rahma Fitri
Published: May 2024

This study discusses kakujoshi ni, de, e, and o as markers of location in Japanese sentences. How does the semantic difference of the particle as a locative marker, whether the particles can replace each other in their use, and what is the meaning of the sentence if there is a dropping of the locative marker case particles. This research uses descriptive-qualitative methodology and a note-taking technique. The conclusion from this research is that although the particles ni, de, e, and o are locative markers in sentences, their meaning is different. The particle ni is marker of existence, purpose, and direction, and the verbs that follow are henka doushi and joutai doushi. “De” particle as a locative marker for the activities carried out, mostly followed by dousa doushi. The particle “e” is a marker of purpose and direction and is followed by henka doushi. Particle “o” as a marker of starting point and place that is passed and followed by henka doushi and dousa doushi. There are some particles that substitute one another, such as “ni” and "e,” if they have a meaning of direction or purpose. There are “ni” and “de” particles that can substitute each other depending on the context; some cannot substitute because they have different meanings. “Ni” and “o” particles can substitute each other, but the meaning that will appear is different, and the sentence afterwards will be different. “De” and “o” particles can substitute for one another if all activities are carried out there. Particles of cases that experience direction and purpose often experience impregnation. In addition, locative marker cases, which have the meaning of existence, can be eliminated, but there is a sign ", (comma)" instead of particles of the case. Particles of starting point markers can also be obscured because the meaning of the whole sentence can be known from the meanings of nouns and verbs that contain the case particles.
The Expectations Regarding Aging and Ageism Perspective between Nurses and Caregivers in Long-term Care Facilities
Authors: Sari Dianis Wulan , Ulfiana Elida , Anggraini Nourmayansa Vidya , Kristianingrum Niko Dima , Aurizki Gading Ekapuja , Noguchi-Watanabe Maiko
Published: May 2024

Background:  Ageism negatively impacts older adults’ health, especially in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), where healthcare workers often hold unfavorable views of them. Understanding these perspectives is vital for combating ageism and improving LTCF quality. Yet, comprehensive studies on healthcare workers’ attitudes toward ageism are lacking, hindering targeted interventions. Therefore, grasping their attitudes and behaviors is crucial for addressing ageism in LTCFs and enhancing care for older adults.Purpose: This study aimed to explore healthcare workers’ expectations regarding aging and their perspective on ageism towards older adults in LTCFs.Methods: This study was randomly conducted in sixteen LTCFs across Indonesia’s five largest islands using a cross-sectional study with a comparative descriptive design. Participants included 56 nurses and 173 non-licensed caregivers. Data on aging expectations and ageism perspectives during the COVID-19 pandemic were collected. An online and offline self-administered questionnaires (i.e., participant’s characteristics, the expectations regarding aging survey, ageism perspective in time of the COVID-19 pandemic) were conducted. Differences between nurses and caregivers were analyzed using chi-square and independent t-tests.Results: Altogether, 56 nurses and 173 caregivers (with an average age of 39.9 years) participated in the study. Significant differences were observed between nurses and non-licensed caregivers in their expectations regarding physical health, mental health, and overall expectations regarding aging (p-value = <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, respectively). Non-licensed caregivers had higher mean scores for each item compared to nurses. Whereas, the perspective nurse and non-licensed caregivers were significantly different about older adults being more accessible to being infected with SARS-CoV-2, vulnerable population, prone to severity, easier to expose virus, low income, must isolated (p-value = 0.029, 0.007, 0.010, 0.033, <0.001, <0.001, respectively). The mean score of each item of nurses was higher than non-licensed caregivers.Conclusion: The expectation regarding aging of caregivers was higher than nurses. In line, the nurses’ scores have a lower attitude toward ageism during time COVID-19 pandemic. Exposure to ageism behavior and ageing conditions needs to be done for healthcare workers.
Case study: autoimmune hepatitis with cirrhosis and pancytopenia since 7 weeks’ gestation
Authors: Lee Rachel , Gonsalves Zenobia , Wang Sophia , Hussain Ayesha , Herrera Kimberly
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and AIH in pregnancy is associated with many adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. The purpose of this report is to share insight into management of AIH-induced pancytopenia unresponsive to steroids and transfusions.

Case presentation

A 29-year-old G4P0121 female with history of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and severe pancytopenia secondary to AIH was found to be incidentally pregnant at 7 weeks gestation. Despite multiple blood transfusions and steroids, her pancytopenia was unresponsive to therapy. At 33 weeks, she underwent primary cesarean section for persistent category II fetal heart tracing and delivered a viable infant. Delivery was complicated by hemorrhage requiring multiple blood products. Postpartum course was complicated by sepsis secondary to urinary tract infection, and decompensated cirrhosis with hepatic encephalopathy and coagulopathy. Both fetus and mother have recovered well 3 months post-delivery.

Conclusions

This case highlights the challenges in management of AIH in pregnancy, particularly the difficulty in treating severe unresponsive pancytopenia as well as balancing the need for immunosuppression with the increased risk of infection that may lead to sequelae such as SBP and puerperal sepsis.
Microblog sentiment analysis method using BTCBMA model in Spark big data environment
Authors: Wang Qian , Chen Delin
Published: May 2024

Microblogs are currently one of the most well-liked social platforms in China, and sentiment analysis of microblog texts can help further analyze the realization of their media value; however, the current task of sentiment analysis based on microblog information suffers from low accuracy due to the large size and high redundancy of microblog data, a microblog sentiment analysis method using Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT)–Text Convolutional Neural Network (TextCNN)–Bidirectional Gate Recurrent Unit (BiGRU)–Multihead-Attention model in Spark big data environment is proposed. First, the Chinese pre-trained language model BERT is used to convert the input data into dynamic character-level word vectors; then, TextCNN is used to effectively obtain local features such as keywords and pool the filtered features; then, BiGRU is introduced to quickly capture more comprehensive semantic information; finally, a multi-headed attention mechanism is implemented to emphasize the most significant features in order to accomplish the sentiment classification of microblog information task precisely. By comparing the existing advanced models, the proposed model demonstrates an improvement of at least 4.99% and 0.05 in accuracy and F1-score evaluation indexes, respectively. This enhancement significantly enhances the accuracy of microblog sentiment analysis tasks and aids pertinent authorities in comprehending the inclination of individual’s attitude toward hot topics. Furthermore, it facilitates a prompt prediction of topic trends, enabling them to guide public opinion accordingly.
Research on agricultural environmental monitoring Internet of Things based on edge computing and deep learning
Authors: Dong Mo , Yu Haiye , Sun Zhipeng , Zhang Lei , Sui Yuanyuan , Zhao Ruohan
Published: May 2024

With the continuous advancement of agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, real-time monitoring of agricultural environments has become increasingly significant. This monitoring provides valuable information on pest and disease occurrences and corresponding ecological conditions. However, as the agricultural environments have extensive coverage, the number of monitoring IoT devices and the volume of information will rapidly increase. This leads to a surge in network traffic and computing demands. To address this issue, this article proposes an agricultural environmental monitoring IoT system that utilizes edge computing and deep learning technologies. It combines the Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) for long-range transmission with pest recognition and counting modules. By offloading workloads traditionally processed in the cloud to edge nodes, the proposed system effectively reduces transmission and cloud computing pressures for the agricultural monitoring IoT. Simulation experiments demonstrate stable LoRaWAN protocol-based data transmission at the edge, with an overall packet loss rate of less than 5%, meeting the transmission quality requirements. Moreover, this article investigates a pest recognition and counting method based on deep learning technology. Pest images, captured by monitoring nodes, are recognized and counted online using the TensorFlow framework. Experimental results indicate an accuracy of 89% in pest recognition. By digitally transmitting pest image recognition results to the cloud, the proposed system significantly alleviates transmission and cloud computing pressures for the monitoring IoT.
Effect of maternal asthma on fetal pulmonary artery Doppler parameters: a case-control study
Authors: Betül Akgün Aktaş , Zahid Agaoglu , Murat Haksever , Petek Uzuner Feriha , Doga Ocal Fatma , Atakan Tanacan , Dilek Sahin
Published: May 2024

Objectives

To compare fetal pulmonary artery Doppler parameters between pregnant women with asthma and healthy pregnant women.

Methods

This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 pregnant women diagnosed with asthma and 61 healthy pregnant women. Fetal pulmonary artery Doppler parameters and the fetal main pulmonary artery acceleration time/ejection time (PATET) ratio were compared between the study and control groups. Thereafter, the study group was divided into two subgroups as non-severe and severe asthma. PATET ratio was compared between the subgroups.

Results

The fetal main pulmonary artery acceleration time was 25 ms in pregnant women with asthma and 33 ms in the healthy group, indicating a statistically significant difference (p=0.001). The acceleration time/ejection time ratio was statistically lower in the asthma group (0.185 vs. 0.240, p<0.001). The acceleration time/ejection time ratio was 0.172 in patients with severe asthma and 0.195 ms in the non-severe study group (p=0.156). In the maternal asthma group, the PATET ratio of those who went to the NICU due to respiratory distress was also 0.188, and the PATET ratio of those who went to the NICU for other reasons was 0.269 (p=0.053).

Conclusions

Fetal pulmonary artery acceleration time and PATET decreased statistically in pregnant women with severe or non-severe asthma. Maternal asthma is associated with changes in pulmonary Doppler parameters in the fetus.
The Tyrants’ Cousins. Ruling Practices and Political Concepts between Anatolia and Early Greece
Authors: Santini Marco
Published: May 2024

This paper addresses the vexed question of the origins and nature of archaic Greek tyranny by focusing on the conceptual roots of the phenomenon, namely by investigating the political significance and implications of the Luwian notion of tarrawanni-, ‘just, justice,’ the term from which Greek tyrannos is believed to derive. Firstly, the paper shows how both Neo-Hittite and early Greek societies display a similar attitude towards justice as a key element for political legitimation. After concluding, however, that this commonality is not enough to explain why the Greeks borrowed the concept of tarrawanni- as tyrannos, the paper moves on to examining what specific way of doing politics is captured by the two concepts, arguing that they identify a type of political actor that exercises supreme powers independently of any kind of institutional arrangement. Finally, the paper discusses reasons, modalities, contexts, and timing of the transmission of Luwian tarrawanni- into Greek.
Wear characteristics of cold tool steels for recycling plastic preprocessing
Authors: Dalmiş İbrahim Savaş , Yilmaz Serdar Osman , Teker Tanju
Published: May 2024

Eight type of commercial cold work tool steels were heat treated to achieve the equal hardness of 650 HV. Heat-treated samples were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microhardness, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to identify microstructural features and phases. The samples were examined in three distinct wear modes: adhesion, two-body wear using pin wear on SiC, and recycling plastic cutting machine, respectively. The wear surfaces of samples were analyzed by 3D scanning technology. The microstructure of steels determined their wear characteristics. For low sliding and higher cutting speeds, the order of adhesive wear performance of the steels was reversed due to the stress occurring in the cutting line. The wear rate of all samples was commensurate with load. In the recycling plastic cutting process, the sample with the minimum and homogeneously dispersed carbides exhibited the best wear performance. Tempering the S3 sample prevented crack formation and improved fracture toughness.
Estimating lags in a kraft mill
Authors: Ng Jerry , Lawryshyn Yuri , DeMartini Nikolai
Published: May 2024

In pulp mills, lags obscure the effect of upstream operations on downstream measurements. Here, we estimate lags in a Canadian pulp mill using autoregressive exogenous (ARX) models. First, we show that ARX models can approximate lags in a process simulation that resembles the liquor storage tanks in pulp mills, a major source of lag in the kraft recovery cycle. Then, we use ARX models to estimate the lagged effect of a change in species pulped on as-fired liquor heating value, viscosity, and boiling point rise. Additionally, we compare the predictions of the ARX models to autoregressive (AR) models and a persistence model. The estimated lags between a change in species and heating value (49 h) and boiling point rise (41 h) agree with a detailed simulation of the mill and are close to estimated hydraulic residence times, suggesting that the liquor tanks exhibit imperfect mixing. A lagged effect of species change on viscosity could not be identified. ARX and AR models produce similar predictions that are slightly better than those of a persistence model. Finally, we show that process measurements upstream of units characterized by large residence times will likely provide little benefit to prediction accuracy.
Modern innovations in the provision and efficient application of 2D inorganic nanoscale materials
Authors: Ayub Muhammad Naeem , Shahzad Umer , Saeed Mohsin , Rabbee Muhammad Fazle , Al-Humaidi Jehan Y. , Althomali Raed H. , Baek Kwang-Hyun , Rahman Mohammed M.
Published: May 2024

Two-dimensional nanoscale materials (2D NMs) have exceptional physical characteristics, distinctive structures, and customizable surface chemistry. They consist of infinite transverse dimensions of near-atomic thickness or atoms. They promise advancements in catalysis, renewable energy, and sensing. An extensive summary of the most recent research results on the creation and use of 2D NMs is provided in this work. It is possible to modify the characteristics of these multi-layered materials by means of chemical and physical manipulations. Due to their layer-dependent electrical properties, certain 2D layered inorganic nanomaterials such as MoS2, WS2, and SnS2 have recently been created and used in a variety of applications, including new sensors. In addition, the article delves into the difficulties confronted by sectors reliant on nanotechnology as well as the potential future uses of nanostructures coupled with electrochemical systems. The article begins by outlining the typical “top-down” and “bottom-up” approaches for synthesizing 2D NMs. These approaches include hydrothermal procedures, ion intercalation, mechanical exfoliation, liquid-phase exfoliation assisted by ultrasonic waves, and chemical vapor deposition. 2D NMs are the focus of this work because of their potential applications in gas sensing, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photo detection, and electromagnetic wave absorption. In addition, the study predicts patterns of future development and possible issues with 2D NMs based on existing studies. Increased demand for cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and highly connected products is propelling the ongoing research and development of these high-performance materials. This research is significant since it summarizes, in one place, the most recent advances in 2D NM preparation methods and applications.
Nonylphenol releases arachidonic acid in rat Sertoli cells via activation of PKA and PLA2
Authors: Santiago Valtierra Florencia X , Urriola-Muñoz Paulina , Godoy-Sepúlveda Rodrigo , Moreno Ricardo D , Reyes Juan G , Vallés Ana S , Oresti Gerardo M
Published: May 2024

In brief

The endocrine disruptor, nonylphenol (NP) increases 20:4n-6 release in Sertoli cells via PKA/cPLA2 activation. Our data show that lipid metabolism could be a target of NP-induced abnormal reproductive outcomes.

Nonylphenol (NP), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, is an environmental contaminant, and many notorious effects on male fertility have been reported in animal models and wild-type species. Here, we evaluated the effects of NP in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) signal transduction pathways and lipid metabolism using an in vitro model of rat Sertoli cell (SC) primary culture. Results show that an acute (1 h) SC exposure to NP (10 µM) increased the intra- and extra-cellular concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs), mainly arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). Phosphatidylinositol seemed to be the major phospholipid source of this 20:4n-6 release by activation of the protein kinase A (PKA)/cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) pathway. NP also increased diacylglycerols (DAG) levels and the expression (mRNA) of cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels. It is noteworthy that accumulation of lipid droplets took place after 24 h NP exposition, which was prevented by both a PKA inhibitor and a PLA2 inhibitor. Like FSH, NP triggers the release of 20:4n-6, which is a substrate for PGE2 synthesis via PKA/PLA2 activation. In addition, NP induces the formation of DAG, which could be required as a cofactor of the PKC-mediated activation of the COX2 inflammatory pathway. Our findings suggest that NP alters lipid homeostasis in SCs by inducing the activation of pro-inflammatory pathways that may trigger adverse effects in testis physiology over time. Concomitantly, the SC enhances the acylation of surplus FFAs (including 20:4n-6) in neutral lipids as a protective mechanism to shield itself from lipotoxicity and pro-inflammatory signals.
Negociações e intrigas: uma etnografia com empresários de futebol
Authors: Reyes Boehl Walter
Published: May 2024

O artigo aborda a transformação do futebol em um negócio capitalista que prioriza os interesses dos empresários e clubes em detrimento do amor pelo esporte. A pesquisa etnográfica realizada no Rio Grande do Sul e em Santa Catarina entre 2018 e 2020 apresenta narrativas de empresários de futebol e suas práticas. O texto aborda o papel dos empresários no esporte, destacando suas normas e as consequências de seu descumprimento. O código moral não escrito dos empresários de futebol é discutido, bem como a dificuldade de proteger os jogadores de interesses concorrentes. A falta de ética no mundo dos empresários de futebol no Brasil é relatada, mas alguns empresários se destacam por tentar mudar essa realidade e serem éticos em suas práticas.
Biomecánica aplicada al lanzamiento de tejo
Authors: Bolaños Torres Jenny Lizeth , Riveros Medina Manuel Alberto , García Solano Karol Bibiana , Castillo Daza Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2024

El tejo es el deporte nacional de Colombia, carente de descripción del gesto de lanzamiento. Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento de variables cinemáticas, cinéticas y electromiográficas del lanzamiento de tejo en practicantes Federados. Metodo: se incluyeron 24 practicantes con una media de edad de 26.75 años. Se realizó la normalización de la señal de electromiografía de superficie (EMGs) a traves de la máxima contracción voluntaria (MVC) de 8 músculos implicados en el gesto de lanzamiento. Se utilizó el protocolo Rab de miembros superiores que evaluó la cinemática y cinética. Resultados: respecto al análisis cinemático, se encontraron 4 movimientos predominantes durante toda la ejecución; la cinética, evidenció eficiencia de movimientos rotacionales. La máxima contracción voluntaria arrojó que los músculos se activaron de distal a proximal. Conclusiones: el estudio caracterizó sociodemográfica, antropométrica y deportivamente los practicantes de tejo, analizando biomecánicamente el gesto mediante el uso de la tecnología.
Potencia y agilidad en jóvenes tenistas y futbolistas
Authors: Aricapa-Quiroga Jeferson , Morales-Rojas Juan Manuel , Soler Cano Edison , Dimaté Muller Miguel Andrés , Celis Jorge Mauricio
Published: May 2024

El tenis y el fútbol competitivo exigen desplazarse cambiando de dirección de manera explosiva. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la potencia y la agilidad entre deportistas juveniles de dos disciplinas diferentes: tenistas versus futbolistas. Participaron 33 jóvenes deportistas de nivel competitivo de sexo masculino; futbolistas (n=16) edad 14.4±0.41 años, estatura 166.40±7.21 cm, peso 54.86±7.93 kg y porcentaje graso 15.79±3.96 %; y tenistas (n=17) edad 14.23±0.55 años, estatura 165.40±6.37cm, peso 53.95±7.8 kg y porcentaje graso 17.12±4.77 %. Fueron evaluados el CMJ, lanzamiento de balón medicinal LBM y cambio de dirección 5-0-5. Los resultados demostraron que los futbolistas fueron más potentes y ágiles que los tenistas, el resultado en 5-0-5 I p<0.01. Mejores resultados en la prueba LBM se asociaron a mejor resultado de CMJ p<0.001. Se concluyó que los futbolistas fueron más agiles y potentes que los tenistas en esta muestra con participantes de nivel competitivo.
Calculation of pipe bend and tension in case of fluid velocity pulsation
Authors: Didžgalvis Rimantas , Sudintas Antanas , Tiknevičienė Irena
Published: May 2024

The mathematical model of a bend pipe with a flowing fluid at a fluid pulsation was created. By solving differential equations, an analytical expression of solution is received, which may be well used for calculation of normal tension of the pipe at different ground load quantities and flow velocity pulsation. The received results allow a more precise evaluations of mechanical resource of the pipe at the complicated loads.
A numerical validation between the neutron transport and diffusion theories for a spatial kinetics problem
Authors: Zanette Rodrigo , Barichello Liliane Basso , Petersen Claudio Zen
Published: May 2024

In this paper, a comparative analysis of numerical results of the neutron transport and diffusion theories for steady-state and transient multigroup problems is presented. The neutron transport equation is known as the one that best describes the behavior of the neutron population in a nuclear reactor. However, due to the difficulty of working with its complete form, other models are considered as approximations to this equation. One such approximation is the neutron diffusion equation, which uses the Fick's Law. It is well known, however, that the diffusion model may not work well under specific conditions. The objective of this work is to establish a quantitative comparison of numerical results obtained for the K dominant eigenvalue and for the scalar fluxes from the two theories and to analyze the influence of the model on the results.