bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS USING DATA MINING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Halliru Abdullahi , Wajiga Gregory Msksha , Malgwi Yusuf Musa , Maidabara Abba Hamman
Published: January 2022

The rate of mortality in the recent time because of tuberculosis disease is so alarming. Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis is a communicable disease very dangerous that attack lungs, many victims were not identified due to weak health systems facilities, poor doctor-patient relationship, and inefficient mechanisms for predicting of the disease. Data mining can be applied on medical data to foresee novel, useful and potential knowledge that can save a life, reduce treatment cost, increases diagnostic and prediction accuracy as well as delay taking during prediction which reduce the treatment cost of a patience. Several data mining technique such as classification, clustering, regression, and association rule were used to enhance the prediction of tuberculosis. In this project I used Naïve Bayes Classifier to design a model for predicting tuberculosis. I considered the following parameters; Gender, Chills, Fever, Night sweat, Fatigue, Cough with Blood, Weight loss, and Loss of Appetite for classification phase 1. While Gender Chest Pain, Sputum, Contact DR, Weight Loss, In-adequate treatment for classification phase 2 as the clinical symptom. The Naïve Bayes Classifier has the advantage of attribute independency, it is easy in construction, can classify categorical data, and can work on high dimensional data effectively. The model designed using Naïve Bayes Classifier is divided o into classification phase 1 and classification phase 2 and implemented using Phython 3.2 Programing Language. The result shows that Naïve Bayes Classfier was suitable in predicting drug resistant tuberculosis with performance accuracy of 82%, 98% and area under curve (AUC) is 88%.

Keywords: Model Prediction, Tuberculosis. Drug, Resistant, Data Mining.
Homofaunie: Non-human Tonalities of Listening in Derrida and Cixous
Authors: Waltham-Smith Naomi
Published: January 2022

In L’animal que donc je suis Jacques Derrida suggests that the question of what would be proper to the animal should ‘change tune’. I read this extraordinary passage, in which Derrida calls for us to lend an ear to an ‘unheard-of music’ that neither emancipates the non-human nor condemns it to inarticulate noise, in conjunction with the nexus of animality, telephony and the cri de la littérature that unfolds in Hélène Cixous’s writing, exploring the significant role assumed by the sonorous in these descriptions of non-human life. For Cixous, the telephonic power of near-instantaneous substitution and of prostheticity is inseparable from the sounds produced by the coterie of animals that populate the writings of these two authors. What is intriguing is that this bestiary is almost always said with a certain homonymy or homophony. Hence this article traces what I dub an ‘homofaunie’ echoing Cixous’s series of puns and neologisms such as ‘(t)elefaun’ and ‘(t)elephantasy’ that capture Derrida’s attention. The article asks what is at stake for theorizing non-human life – not just animal but also plant and so-called inanimate life – if the mode of questioning is to be redirected by a specifically aural attunement in which listening itself is retuned under the guidance of untranslatable homophony.
A Review of Antoine Traisnel's, Capture: American Pursuits and the Making of the New Animal Condition
Authors: Fuchs Michael
Published: January 2022

This is a review article of Antoine Traisnel's Capture: American Pursuits and the Making of the New Animal Condition.
ПОНЯТТЯ ТА СУТНІСТЬ ПРАВА ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ВОГНЕПАЛЬНОЇ ЗБРОЇ, ЯК ЗАХОДУ ПРИМУСУ З БОКУ ДЕРЖАВИ ОРГАНАМИ ВНУТРІШНІХ СПРАВ
Authors: М.В, Владимиров
Published: January 2022

У статті розглянуто сутності та зміст права застосування вогнепальної
зброї органами внутрішніх справ, її цілі, ролі й місця в системі управління, що дозволяє визначити рівні можливого застосування вогнепальної зброї, як одного з
видів примусу та впливу на громадянське суспільство, а також виділити її суб'-
єкти та об'єкти - визначити всіх учасників такого процесу, та вплив на великі
соціальні групи з метою дотримання законності у суспільстві.
Несовершенство закона о мелком хулиганстве как условие антиобщественного поведения в общественных местах и в сфере семейно-бытовых отношений
Authors: Стульнова Татьяна Владимировна , Холманский Виталий Иванович
Published: January 2022

Действующий закон, определяющий содержание и состав мелкого хулиганства, не отвечает требованиям борьбы с антиобщественными действиями, совершаемыми в общественных местах и в сфере семейно-бытовых отношений. Его законодательное определение вызывает у сотрудников полиции и судей двойное толкование объективной стороны противоправного деяния, включающей обязательную совокупность основного и факультативных признаков мелкого хулиганства. Основным признаком мелкого хулиганства, в соответствие с действующей нормой, выступают действия, нарушающие общественный порядок. Однако ни законодатель, ни высшие судебные органы за 17 лет действия нормы не разъяснили, что под ними следует понимать без сопровождающих их перечисленных в статье иных действиях, выступающих в качестве обязательного факультативного признака: нецензурная брань в общественных местах, оскорбительное приставание к гражданам, уничтожение или повреждение чужого имущества. Включение в редакцию диспозиции действующей статьи федеральным законом словосочетания «сопровождающееся нецензурной бранью в общественных местах» значительно сузило сферу охраняемых законом общественных отношений. В результате в настоящее время полиции невозможно квалифицировать как мелкое хулиганство скандалы, учиняемые повсеместно, в том числе в состоянии опьянения, по месту жительства в сфере семейно-бытовых отношений, нарушающие покой и нормальный отдых окружающих граждан. Исследование практики работы полиции показало, что значительное количество преступлений тяжкого и особо тяжкого характера против жизни и здоровья граждан, включая убийства, совершенные в сфере семейно-бытовых отношений, происходит в результате учинения либо продолжения вовремя не пресеченных подобных скандалов, ранее квалифицированных советским административным законодательством как мелкое хулиганство. Авторы предлагают пути устранения существующего пробела.
Impact of Covid on Banking Industry in India
Authors: Iqbal Zubair , Tanty Goutam
Published: January 2022

Diminished productivity and lockdowns have effectively begun to negatively affect the financials of the every business house. Inventory network interruptions, fabricating blocks and disabled wellbeing frameworks need a robust public asset/boost to proceed with activities easily. With monetary development ready to back off — the International Monetary Fund has sliced India's GDP development gauge to 1.9 percent for 2020-21 — the banking and monetary area, whose possibilities are tied near the, is will undoubtedly endure the worst part. There could be a spike in terrible loans."The stoppage could prompt potential occupation misfortunes, which could cause pressure in banks' retail advance books. Pay from the travel industry, diversion areas among numerous others has effectively disabled the financial circumstance. Variables like these are on the whole amounting to strain the worldwide economy which may likewise have its repercussions in the year ahead. Asia-Pacific governments, national banks, and administrative specialists have carried out different measures to address COVID-19. These incorporate liquidity infusions, directed credits to influenced businesses and districts, and strategy rate cuts. It additionally incorporates support for banks to give avoidance to in any case monetarily practical families and organizations sideswiped by COVID-19. Banking area in India has assumed a significant and an essential part in financial advancement and this is apparent since the freedom. Banking area is the essence of an economy for any country. It is the most indispensable column for any monetary area and assumes a significant part in financial improvement of the country. This research paper looks to dissect and think about the banking area in India pre and post Covid-19. The paper likewise centers around the effect of Covid-19 on the populace. This was finished with the assistance of arbitrary examining and their reactions were summed up utilizing diagrams for better arrangement.
An Impact Analysis of Packaging on Consumer’s Buying Behaviour in Online Shopping Mode
Authors: Kumar Atria Anoop , Singh Harbhan
Published: January 2022

This paper envisages with the analysis of Buying Behaviour originated from packaging and its associated factors. During the regress pandemic situations, the buyers have reacted in different ways. This research is an effort to measures such preferences which have been placed significantly in the minds of buyers with notable distinction upon online shopping mode. We have approached more than 700 consumers, but somehow only 387 responded adequately. We collected their data and asked about their demographics and preferences for specific dimensions through the questionnaire. We have applied various univariate and multivariate statistical techniques and found a significant relationship between packaging and buying behaviour. The present study focuses upon the buying behaviour of consumers derived from packaging and related variables. It is expected that the study will unquestionably add significant knowledge in the areas of consumer behaviour with extraordinary contrast to packaging and intermediary processes.
Deferência judicial às decisões do Cade e o equilíbrio entre os poderes constituídos
Authors: Santos Humberto
Published: January 2022

O objetivo do texto consiste em ressaltar a importância da deferência judicial para o equilíbrio dos poderes constituídos, sendo analisada a partir de pedidos revisionais que questionam decisões proferidas pelo Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica – CADE. A discussão é conduzida tendo por ponto de partida precedente do Supremo Tribunal Federal (Recurso Extraordinário nº 1.083.955-DF), cujo teor sinaliza a favor dessa postura. Parte-se do pressuposto de que a expertise técnica confere condições à extração de sentido mais acurado na aplicação da norma antitruste, privilegiando uma abordagem de discussão do assunto pela prática de concretização do direito. A revisão judicial se justificaria, portanto, somente para correção de ilegalidades ou abusos evidentes, sem envolver um juízo revisional amplo substitutivo às decisões do CADE. Conclui-se favoravelmente à postura de deferência judicial como atitude institucional de um desejado equilíbrio no exercício entre os poderes constituídos.
 
Palavras-chave: Revisão judicial – CADE – Deferência – Expertise – Instituições.
Survey of Cryptocurrency Volatility Prediction Literature Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Charandabi Sina E. , Kamyar Kamyar
Published: January 2022

We start by presenting a short description of the concept of cryptocurrency and the history behind it. Recently-developed literature that attempt to predict volatilities of cryptocurrency valuations through creation of hybrid artificial neural network models are then discussed. For the major part of the paper, we delve into details of multiple hybrid artificial neural networks that were thoroughly implemented to predict cryptocurrency volatilities. Results are reported within the form of a survey. Finally, we compare different methods and discuss their results follow at the end.
IMPACT OF THE SUBLETHAL CONCENTRATIONS OF CYPERMETHRIN TOXICITY ON NITROGEN METABOLISM IN FRESH WATER FISH HETEROPNEUSTES FOSSILIS
Authors: Sulthana R. Nigar
Published: January 2022

Cypermethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide (C H Cl NO ) that has shown effective impact of strong pesticidal 22 19 2 3 activity observed in Heteropneustes Fossils, a fresh water fish exposed to sublethal concentrations of cypermethrin in different tissues liver, gill, and muscle for 4 and 7 seven days. The enzyme activity of Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GDH) was increased all the tissues especially in liver and gill. Significant change might be attributed to tissue change under toxic stress in Heteropneustes fossils. The increased levels of Urea and Ammonia also noticed indicate remarkably the role as biomarkers of cypermethrin toxicity. And the raise in Ammonia as well as urea levels indicates the concentration and tissue dependent which in turn helps to assess the impact of synthetic pyrethroids on the fish. The changes in Ammonia and Urea levels is often be reflected in nitrogen metabolism and interdependent biochemical reactions.
POSSIBLE TREATMENT APPROACHES FOR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: Yadav Neelam
Published: January 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy worldwide. HCC patients are diagnosed in advanced stages, due to its poor prognosis. Currently, immunotherapy and chemotherapy are the best treatment options in >90 cases of liver cancer. Therefore, new treatment options are urgently needed for the cure of liver cancer. Use of nanotechnology and/or some natural compounds may become better options for liver cancer patients with minimum side effects and lower toxicity. This review focuses on present available treatment approaches for the management of liver cancer in patients.
CLIMATE CHANGE, PESTICIDES AND BIODIVERSITY: A REVIEW
Authors: Dubey Indrani , Sudhakar Prakash
Published: January 2022

Climate change is considered as the global challenge in the 21st century. Anthropogenic activities have directly led to an immense increase in green house gas emissions mainly carbon dioxide that contributes mainly in the warming of atmosphere. The concentration of carbon dioxide is expected to rise twice as high as those existing in pre-industrial period, within the next century. Pesticides are the biological pollutants, which are being used by the man to kill the pests for increasing the yield of many crops and insect vectors to control the spread of disease. The tremendous use of pesticides has caused severe health hazards to organisms including human beings due to climate change. Excessive use of pesticides may lead to the destruction of biodiversity. Many birds, aquatic organisms and animals are under the threat of harmful pesticides for their survival. The pesticides effects are lessen by organizing awareness program among the farmers, gave
special training to them regarding consequences of pesticides, their screening and monitoring methods.
Intervento di Raffaella Colombo - 27 Gennaio 2021
Authors: Colombo Raffaella
Published: January 2022

Trascrizione dell'intervento di Raffaella Colombo all'interno del ciclo di seminari La disobbedienza civile 2020-2021.
Prevalencia de alteraciones buco-dentales en una muestra de pacientes con Síndrome de Down
Authors: Morales-Chávez Mariana C. , Serrano-Llorca Anabel , Bego-Volcán Verónica
Published: January 2022

El Síndrome de Down (SD) es la primera causa genética de discapacidad intelectual causado por una trisomía en el cromosoma 21. Los pacientes con síndrome de Down suelen presentar características bucales particulares asociadas a su condición. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de alteraciones bucodentales en un grupo de pacientes con Síndrome de Down. Se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal con una muestra de 92 pacientes con SD con edades comprendidas entre 13 y 55 años. Los resultados encontrados fueron: 51,08% tenían enfermedades sistémicas, el 53% presentó caries, el 53,2% gingivitis, el 47% maloclusiones y el 72% hábitos parafuncionales. Se concluye que en esta muestra las alteraciones bucodentales más prevalentes fueron la enfermedad periodontal y las maloclusiones.
Al-Ḍowābiṭ al-Taʿlīmiyyah fī Takwīn Najāḥ Muʿallim
Authors: Chusnul Yakin Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Pendidikan di dalam Islam memiliki kedudukan yang sangat tinggi. Pendidikan adalah proses perbaikan yang terwariskan dari para Nabi dan Rasul ‘Alaihim al-Salām dalam menyampaikan pesan Ilahi, sehingga setiap pelaku pendidikan memiliki kedudukan mulia sebagaimana kemuliaan para Nabi dan Rasul. Mereka bak mentari yang menyinari, sehingga siapa yang mengambil ilmunya maka selamat dan siapa yang meninggalkannya maka dia celaka. Kebutuhan kepada sang pendidik yang mumpuni teramat besar terutama di saat kejahilan dan fitnah mulai merebak dan merusak. Kerusakan itu terlihat dari jauhnya masyarakat dari tuntunan dan ilmu yang seharusnya tergambar dalam ucapan dan pola tingkah laku mereka. Di sisi lain keberadaan sang pendidik sendiri yang telah berubah dari sosok yang mendidik menjadi sosok yang dikeramatkan, sikap berlebih-lebihan dalam menyanjung sang pendidik atau tokoh yang dianggap berilmu telah mengesampingkan fungsi ilmu itu sendiri dan lebih kepada pengkultusan yang diharapkan keberkahan, sehingga munculnya sikap berlebihan tersebut menjadi fitnah tersendiri yang tidak hanya menimpa masyarakat akan tetapi terlebih kepada sang pendidik yang telah terabaikan oleh keuntungan materi dari situasi fitnah ini. Karena itu kebutuhan kepada sang Pendidik yang Rabbani menjadi sebuah kebutuhan pokok yang sangat besar dalam menyelamatkan masyarakat dari fitnah kejahilan dan pengkultusan.
Commodified Communion
Authors: Alonso Antonio Eduardo
Published: January 2022

A range of contemporary theological reflection on consumer culture in the United States shares a conviction that the central task of theology is to respond, resist, or reshape consumer culture. And in many of these narratives, the location par excellence of that response is the Eucharist. Christian hope, they argue, is found in our effective cultivation of practices of everyday resistance to the market. This book argues that reducing the work of theology to resistance and centering Christian hope in a Eucharist that might better support that resistance undermines our ability to talk about the activity of God within a consumer culture, binds grace to human activity, and instrumentalizes the Eucharist into ethics. By reframing the question in terms of God’s activity in, and in spite of, consumer culture, it proposes a mode of theological reflection on consumer culture and Eucharist that sees their interrelationship in light of the unique challenges that American consumerism poses to Christian thought and practice. With an angle of vision shaped by Michel de Certeau’s insight into the tactics of everyday life and Walter Benjamin’s way of seeing “theological” wishes and desires invested in fallen commodities, it offers a lived theological account of consumer culture that recognizes not only its deceptions but also traces of truth in its broken promises and fallen hopes. And it proposes a vision of the Eucharist that takes seriously its this-worldly materiality even as it makes promises this world cannot keep.
Communion Commodified
Authors: Alonso Antonio Eduardo
Published: January 2022

This fragment narrates the commodification of altar bread. The liturgical reforms of the Second Vatican Council marked a watershed moment in the history of the communion host: demand that dramatically exceeded supply accompanied by desire for a more “breadlike” host. This demand and this desire resulted in the rise of the mass production of communion hosts and the decimation of the vast majority of the small convents that had been baking communion bread for generations. This narration reveals the ways in which even the materials of ancient Christian practices can and have been commodified by a market well-equipped and eager to respond to theological convictions. It calls into question the limits of what the Eucharist helps Christians resist in a consumer culture. The hope of the Eucharist, argues the author, is not located in our denial of the ability of the market to commodify even the bread that will become life. It trusts that God is active even there.
Introduction: Speech Bonds
Authors: Frank Jill
Published: January 2022

Jill Frank introduces Berger’s argument by addressing the ethicalities of Plato’s proposed Klinopolis—his “Couch City”—whether it promises to be the good city, the bad city, or perhaps something else, while highlighting Protagoras’s insistence on teaching a fixed program for making good decisions. Socrates names Protagoras’s stance “the political art.” Performing “political art” virtuously sits in the heart of Berger’s couch city. Although the Protagoras has traditionally been read as a resounding victory for Socrates over Protagoras’s claims of virtue, Berger, as Frank notes, sees the outcome differently. For Berger, Socrates, in “beating Protagoras at his own game,” becomes Protagoras’s double. This doubling of speech, however, fails to produce an ethical resolution from either Protagoras or Socrates; instead, their speeches become “occasions for weaponizing virtue” and evading responsibility for their words. According to Berger, both Socrates and Protagoras fail. But as Frank suggests, their failures prompt “readers of the dialogue to do otherwise”—to “open a different ethics, rhetoric, and politics of responsibility.”
Couch City, or, The Discourse of the Couch
Authors: Berger Harry
Published: January 2022

This chapter offers a new gloss of the pivotal “bed” in book 10 of Plato’s Republic as the classical kline or triclinium, the couch. This new object introduces the stakes of Socrates’s position in his debate with Protagoras by way of the threat of the polis descending into a hedonistic city arranged around the determined hedonism of the couch, of uncontrolled or contagious leisure in contrast to searching for the good.
Simonides, Part 4
Authors: Berger Harry
Published: January 2022

Reading the final divisions, this chapter begins by considering how Socrates and Protagoras have proven Simonides’s poem to be fruitless and concludes by doing the same to Socrates himself. The chapter posits that Socrates has created a necessary aporia in his debate with Protagoras over the nature of good, wherein neither can be right or wrong without also countermanding their own position.
Sophistry as Safemindedness in the Protagoras
Authors: Berger Harry
Published: January 2022

Concluding the book, this chapter focuses its resolution on the premise of how hedonism should or should not be policed as it occurs in Socrates’s and Protagoras’s debate. Having made it deliberately difficult to resolve epistemologically the nature of the good, Socrates endeavors to “win” the debate over how to encourage hedonists to search for good by applying Protagoras’s own principles. Using the structural reading from earlier in the book as well as the notions of literary performance enumerated in chapters six through eight, Socrates ends by linking himself inextricably to Protagoras, that instead of searching for a winner, a reader or interlocutor should instead search for the “atopoi” that has resulted from their dialogue.
How Life Makes a Conversation of Us
Authors: Dyring Rasmus , Wentzer Thomas Schwarz
Published: January 2022

In critical conversation with the ontological and ethical turns in anthropology, this chapter explores the existential underpinnings of our life with concepts. We argue that conceptualization understood in terms of its intimate connection to life emerges in experiential responsiveness to the demands that life puts to the living. Thus, life makes a conversation of us.
How Social Are Our Concepts?
Authors: Benoist Jocelyn
Published: January 2022

Concepts are part of our existence. They enrich it, make things count, and open up new dimensions of experience. Thus, they are a condition of our capacity to bear reality, even if the latter sometimes puts them to the test. Above all, they constitute the format of our responsibility toward others with regard to our ways, even the most individual, of experiencing reality.
Living with Zombies
Authors: Motta Marco
Published: January 2022

As an example of what an investigation of a “life with concepts” might look like in anthropology, this chapter offers a close look at what a “life with zombies” is in Haiti. By drawing on ethnographic details as well as literary texts, it asks what it would mean, and why it is important, for anthropology to give a realistic account of the lives of others. The figure (concept) of the zombie is interesting because it deeply challenges us, and thus requires a re-examination of the relation between thought and reality. The questions about what it is to describe a form of life, and how we are to do such a thing with tact, are the driving force of this essay.
“May All Living Beings Benefit”
Authors: Chudakova Tatiana
Published: January 2022

Chapter one situates Tibetan medicine historically in Russia, focusing on its development in Buryatia and the struggles with what was, at different moments, perceived as its “otherness.” Following Tibetan medicine from pre-revolutionary Russia of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries against the theater of the Russian state’s political expansion and colonial aspirations, the chapter tracks the role Tibetan medicine has been assigned in relation to Russian and Soviet visions of medical modernization. It focuses on the production of translational gaps that made Tibetan medicine useful for articulating the relationship between knowledge, medicine, and modernity.
Who Needs It?
Authors: Madigan Daniel A.
Published: January 2022

This chapter has three tasks: to identify and acknowledge valid Muslim critiques of Christian understandings of sin and salvation; to sketch a theology of sin and atonement which steers its way between the various pitfalls to which the Islamic critique points and yet remains true to Christian tradition; and to examine whether the Qur’an’s understanding of humanity’s situation is as one-dimensional as some would suggest, or whether it might, in fact, offer some insights that would render a Christian theological anthropology somewhat more recognizable to Muslims.
“At One or Not At One?”
Authors: Lefebure Leo D.
Published: January 2022

During a time when there are intense Christian debates over atonement, the perspectives of the medieval Japanese Buddhist leader Shinran provide points of both convergence and contrast. This essay reflects on the meaning of atonement in Christianity in light of three moments in Shinran’s thought: (1) the state of being not at one: the desolation of life under the sway of the three poisons and a calculating mentality; (2) the beginning of Shin Buddhist practice in repentance arising from Other Power; and (3) mature shinjin, entrustment-mindedness and life transformed with Amida Buddha. In the respective traditions there is an identity with Jesus Christ or Amida Buddha and a movement toward compassion or love for others that is never completed in this world.
Newer Approaches
Authors: Džalto Davor
Published: January 2022

In this chapter the author explores more recent approaches in Orthodox political theology that attempt to theologically articulate and appreciate different socio-political systems and modern phenomena such as human rights, democracy, and secularism. The results of this analysis show that in some theological reflections democratic institutions and the concepts of human rights, pluralistic society, secular society, or liberalism, are affirmed, while, in others, many of these concepts are examined critically, and sometimes also rejected.
The Politics of Nothingness
Authors: Džalto Davor
Published: January 2022

The main claim in this chapter is that the political sphere, with its oppressive power structures (institutionalized as well as informal), belongs to “this world,” as its par excellence manifestation. The logic of the political sphere with its power dynamics is a paradigmatic expression of the individualized mode of existence, which means that the solution to the fundamental problem of the sphere of politics—domination, submission, exercise of power—is ultimately not in the political but in the existential (eschatological) realm, in the new mode of existence.
Anarchism and (Orthodox) Christianity: An (Un)Natural Alliance?
Authors: Džalto Davor
Published: January 2022

The chapter explores the concept of “anarchism” and the relationship between anarchist thinkers/anarchist philosophies and Christianity, focusing on Orthodox Christianity. The chapter also discusses the need for anarchism as a political philosophy in the context of contemporary society, new forms of power structures, and ideological discourses that rationalize and justify oppression.
The Wind in the Shell: Prolegomena to the Study of Medieval Nonsignification
Authors: Kirk Jordan
Published: January 2022

This introductory section establishes that the question of linguistic nonsignification, apparently a modern concern, was already a matter of widespread and fundamental interest in the Middle Ages. Grounded in a close reading of Geoffrey Chaucer’s House of Fame, it gives an overview of nonsignifcation as it appears in the works of Anselm, William IX, Dante, and Marie de France, among many others. In light of these materials, and in that of what they share with the works of the modernist avant-garde, it points toward a properly medieval hermeneutics of obscurity and emphasizes three of the general implications of this book: that the subaltern status of medieval instances of nonsignification should not be overstated; that the English materials here studied emerge in a trans-continental context; and that the study of medieval nonsense consists in an archaeology of the category of the literary.
Priscian, Boethius, and Augustine on Vox Sola
Authors: Kirk Jordan
Published: January 2022

This chapter re-examines a series of late antique works on grammar, logic, and rhetoric that were to become authoritative textbooks for the Middle Ages. It poses the question of what medieval readers of these textbooks would have found in them if they were inquiring into the nature, status, and implications of vox sola, the bare utterance. Taken together, Priscian, Boethius, and Augustine point toward an account of the matter of language as neither meaningful nor non-meaningful; as containing within itself, however, the possibility of a total and permanent nonsense; and as capable of producing certain psychical effects in those who encounter it.
St. Erkenwald on the Caracter
Authors: Kirk Jordan
Published: January 2022

This chapter proposes that the anonymous poem St. Erkenwald should be recognized as a riddle, generated from a withheld word that is everywhere recognizable within it. The poem is engineered so as to set up, by formal means, a thought experiment that represents an intervention into some permanently and essentially unresolvable problems in the theory of signification: those of the theurgical and baptismal “characters.” Eluding scholarly attempts to reduce it to its supposed historical, political, or aesthetic stakes, Erkenwald would attain to the status of a properly literary work insofar as it constitutes in this manner a trap for interpretation.
A Prodigious Birth of Love
Authors: Saria Vaibhav
Published: January 2022

This chapter begins by studying the flirting that takes place between hijras and the men of the village to critique the all too easy reading of hijra sociality as an expression of marginalization, exclusion, and stigmatization. Hijras, far from being on the outskirts of society, through her offerings of sexual pedagogy actually reveal to us the dynamics of entering and belonging in the social world—or, in other words, the erotic dynamics between the householder and the ascetic that maps onto the links between the domestic realm and the world outside. The forms of life that hijras inhabit, I argue, in various ways lie both within the larger Hindu and Muslim universe of sociality and outside it—a posture I describe as being diagonal to that world. I then extend the conceptual apparatus of the diagonal in the later chapters in the book. This chapter illuminates the diagonal stance and traces it under a larger ethical rubric of endurance or preservation in several ways.
Something Rotten in the State
Authors: Saria Vaibhav
Published: January 2022

This chapter studies the movement of the money hijras earn and collect so as to complicate traditional notions of moral-religious exchange. The intersection of poverty and sexuality embodied in the figure of the hijra has stalled what many would have liked to see become a revolution of social change. The occupations of hijras, through which they earn their livelihood and help to sustain extended networks of kin, have consisted of begging and prostitution. Efforts to understand these historically stigmatized positions—of the beggar, the prostitute, and the diseased—as pathologies of poverty that have resulted from discrimination and thus can be redressed through legal interventions have not been taken seriously on the ground.
Love May Transform Me
Authors: Saria Vaibhav
Published: January 2022

This chapter is a study of love affairs and sexual transactions between hijras and their men. It shows how impossible it is to draw a boundary around the sexual act in terms of time, space, and experience. The sexual encounter cannot be reduced to penetration, and this impossibility contributes to the failure to use condoms. The social and biological death that an HIV infection implies, in spite of best efforts to destigmatize HIV, is not a sufficient deterrent in the quest of love. This is because the structure of love affairs in South Asia is not just a matter of bodies but also of souls. And because sex and love are also matters for the soul it participates in several imaginations of time and space that are the basis of religious, mythological, and poetical understandings of love.
I Have Immortal Longings in Me
Authors: Saria Vaibhav
Published: January 2022

This chapter revisits the questions regarding HIV raised in the introduction in light of the materials that have been discussed in the chapters. It attends to the form of risk-taking that was inevitable for hijras in the available local moral worlds. I juxtapose it with the risk-taking that public-health authorities discourage in order to measure the distance between the kind of life imagined by the HIV discourse and the one that is lived in rural Orissa. The conclusion presses my ethnographic elaboration and challenge to both public-health discourse and the recent movements in queer theory that focus on temporality and notions of the future. The chapter argues that love affairs with hijras in some of the poorest districts of India can be seen to transform the experience of time: from a cruel, unforgiving grind directed toward an inevitable abject future to an effervescent present.
Avery Dulles’s Journey of Faith
Authors: Anne-Marie Kirmse O.P.
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses Avery Dulles's journey of faith. Dulles's early childhood was spent within the confines of his religious family environment. After graduation from Choate Preparatory School in Connecticut, his desire to study history and literature led him to Harvard College. It was while an undergraduate student at Harvard that Dulles began the search, which would eventually lead him to rediscover faith. On November 26, 1940, he was conditionally baptized in the Catholic Church, which was the practice at the time. In the late 1950s, Dulles spent his tertianship in Germany, where he was introduced to various theologians who were working in ecumenism. Once he accepted the Catholic faith, he never wavered in his commitment to it, and it sustained him throughout his life, especially in the many physical deprivations he endured in the months before he died.
Representative scales of LASPEX wind data
Authors: SINHA SUBROTO
Published: January 2022

In this study, an attempt is made to identify the appropriate scales for the wind data over the stations covered in the LASPEX experiment, which can be considered to represent the large-scale wind pattern, representative of the whole area, covered by the field experiment. The divergence field was chosen for this purpose. The mean of the latitudes and longitudes of all the five stations was calculated and this represented the latitude and longitude respectively, of the central point. The wind components at each of the five stations were arbitrarily represented by a trigonometric function of wavelength and distance from the central point, which was considered as the origin. The divergence values at each station were computed and the mean value over all the stations was found. The same values of winds were used to compute the large scale divergence field over the area, by applying the method devised by Yanai et al. (1973). It was seen that for wavelengths greater than 2830 km, the ratio of the two divergences was greater than 0.9, suggesting that this was the limiting value of the wavelength which can be considered as representative of the entire area.
Weather based forewarning of green jassid attack on kharif rice and operational crop protection at Pattambi, Kerala
Authors: SAMUI R. P. , CHATTOPADHYAY N. , SABLE J. P. , KARTHIKEYAN K. , BALACHANDRAN P. V.
Published: January 2022

The feasibility of meteorological forewarning of green jassid attack has been made using entomological and meteorological data for a period of 15 years from 1987- 2001 recorded daily at Pattambi in Kerala. Stepwise multiple regression technique is used in this study for developing forewarning models. The study revealed that maximum and minimum temperature, morning and afternoon relative humidity, bright sunshine hours and weekly totals of rainfall have profound effect on the development of green jassid at their successive generations on kharif rice crop. Weather based multiple regression models for the peak infestation period for each of the generations of the pest  were developed using data for the period 1987-99 and validated using observed meteorological as well as pest data for 2000-01. Based on the findings of this study pest weather calendar for green jassid of kharif rice was prepared. This calendar would be useful for early warning and operational rice crop protection from green jassid attack.
Configuration of an optimum seismological network for India
Authors: SRIVASTAV S. K. , PRAKASH RAJESH , DATTATRAYAM R. S. , ARORA S. K. , BANSAL B. K. , BHATTACHARYA S. N.
Published: January 2022

India Meteorological Department (IMD) is the nodal agency of Government of India responsible for monitoring seismicity in and around the country. IMD maintains the national seismological network consisting of 47 permanent observatories, in addition to some observatories in northern India for special studies. A 16-element VSAT-based digital telemetry system for close monitoring of seismicity in and around Delhi is also in operation. In addition to IMD, several state/central government organizations, universities and R&D institutions are also operating seismological observatories in various parts of the country. Some of these observatories in the Peninsular shield region have been upgraded in the recent past with state-of-the-art digital broadband seismograph systems, in addition to opening 10 such new digital broadband stations. This paper makes an attempt to assess the magnitude threshold of routinely detecting and locating earthquakes occurring any where in the country with the existing IMD network. Using the seismic wave attenuation characteristics in the Himalayan and Peninsular shield regions, we have estimated epicentral distance up to which a regional earthquake of given magnitude can be detected and located as well. The minimum number of observatories required for uniform azimuthal coverage and accurate determination of hypocentral parameters has also been taken into consideration. An optimum seismological network configuration has been worked out based on the above inputs. It is found from the analysis that the existing IMD network is capable of detecting and locating earthquakes of magnitude 3.5 and above occurring in the mainland of the country, except for a few pockets in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Arunanchal Pradesh and J&K. An attempt has also been made to show that regional earthquake monitoring capability would largely improve by suitably upgrading and integrating the existing seismological observatories operated by various other agencies together with setting up a number of new observatories in the instrumental gap areas.
Point probabilistic prediction of precipitation and quantitative precipitation forecast in Western Himalayas
Authors: DIMRI A. P. , MOHANTY U. C. , RATHORE L. S.
Published: January 2022

Northwest India is comprised of various Himalayan mountain ranges. These ranges are having different altitude and orientations all along this region. During winter season enormous amount of precipitation is received in this region due to westward moving low pressure synoptic weather systems called Western Disturbances (WD). Variable terrain gives rise to low level circulation during the passage of these systems. Surface weather elements like temperature, pressure and relative humidity are highly dependent on local topography. To draw projected weather, uncertainties involved in the relationship between upper level circulation and surface weather is tried to be formally expressed in statistical terms. Perfect Prognostic Method (PPM) is used to forecast Probability of Precipitation (PoP) occurrence, followed by Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (QPF) model. The objective is to give projected weather in lead time of 24 hour at one of the specific sites, Sonamarg, situated in Great Himalayan range. Analysis data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), US and station data of three stations from India Meteorological Department (IMD), India is used for development of model. Data of December, January, February and March (DJFM) months for 12 year (1984-96) is taken for developmental mode. Whereas IMD data with (i) NCEP analysis,                   (ii) NCMRWF analysis and (iii) NCMRWF’s T80 day 1 forecast for DJFM months for 1996-97 is considered for the verification purpose. Result shows that PoP model could predict with 90.4% accuracy for developmental set, whereas in verification cases best prediction is made with accuracy of 86.8%. In case of QPF model percentage correct forecast is made with 45.0% in developmental set, whereas maximum 54.2% accuracy is achieved in verification sample.
In Vitro study of Thrombolytic activity from the different parts of Carica papaya plant on COVID-19 patients.
Authors: Awais Hina , Afzal Ayesha , Zahid Aasia , Akbar Asma , Jamal Zunaira , Habib Huma , Javaid Shehla
Published: January 2022

Background: Carica papaya plant has been used for medicinal purpose throughout the world because it have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antiviral, anti-cancer and wound healing like properties.

Objective: The main object of this research was to evaluate the thrombolytic activity of Carica papaya plant in normal healthy individuals and COVID-19 patients to determine either parts of the plant (roots, seeds and leaves) exhibit more activity in normal persons or in COVID-19 patients.

Material and method: For this study, total 20 blood samples were taken, 10 for normal individuals and 10 for positive COVID-19 patients. We used two different solvents i.e. autoclaved distilled water and concentrated methanol to prepare the 10% root, seed and leaf extracts of Carica papaya plant. For the thrombolytic activity of these plant extracts, samples were arranged as a triplicate for the accuracy of results percentage. 

Results: Our results evaluated that in normal individuals, distilled water root extract and methanolic seed extract exhibits maximum thrombolytic activity. The mean value with distilled water (root extract) and methanol (seed extract) is 36.9% and 32.9% respectively. While in covid-19 patients, distilled water leaf extract and methanolic leaf extract reveal maximum thrombolytic activity. In patients, the mean value with distilled water and methanol (leaf extract) is 21.8% and 23% respectively.

Conclusion: In our study, we have observed that normal persons showed highly significant results as compared to COVID-19 patients. Because in COVID-19 disease, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) factors elevate which results in hypo-fibrinolysis.
PENGGUNAAN METODE DEMONSTRASI TERHADAP KETEPATAN MENENDANG MENGGUNAKAN PUNGGUNG KAKI PADA PERMAINAN SEPAK BOLA
Authors: Bayan Ardana Wikarta  , Jamaludin
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Metode Demonstrasi Terhadap Ketepatan Menendang Menggunakan Punggung Kaki Pada Permainan Sepak Bola, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode literatur yaitu cara mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumbersumber seperti buku-buku, jurnal, artikel dan penelitian terdahulu. Metode demonsrtrasi adalah metode peragaan atau memperagakan mengenai suatu kejadian. Sepak bola adalah cabang olahraga beregu yang dimainkan oleh dua regu yang berhadapan, bola dimainkan dengan cara di tendang. Salah satu teknik individu yang harus dikuasi pemain sepak bola adalah teknik dasar menendang. Menendang dilakukan untuk melakukan operan dan melakukan tendangan ke arah gawang. Hasil dari berbagai sumber yang telah di analisa, metode demonstrasi dapat memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan dalam proses pembelajaran, metode demonstrasi memberikan peningkatan terhadap keterampilan menendang sepak bola peserta didik. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode demonstrasi dapat memberikan pengaruh dan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan peserta didik dalam permainan sepak bola.
PENGGUNAAN METODE PUSH UP DALAM PENINGKATAN KEKUATAN SMASH DALAM PERMAINAN BOLA VOLI
Authors: Dede Sumarna  , Muhamad Al Imron
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untutk mengetahui Penggunaan Metode Push Up Dalam Peningkatan Kekuatan Smash Dalam Permainan Bola Voli. Motode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode literature yaitu merupakan cara pengumpulan data dengan cara data Primer dan Skunder. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data Primer yaitu data-data yang diambil dari buku-buku dan sedangkan data Skunder adalah data yang dapat menjelaskan tentang penelitian yaitu skripsi, jurnal dan dokumen hasil seminar. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan yang sudah diuraikan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Data A1 menyimpulkan ada pengaruh latihan push-up standar terhadap keakuratan smash siswa pada permainan bola voli, Data A2 menyimpulkan tingkat kekuatan otot lengan pada siswa ekstrakurikuler memiliki tingkat kekuatan otot lengan pada kategori cukup yaitu dengan ratarata 13,46 dan tingkat keterampilan smash siswa ekstrakurikuler memiliki tingkat keterampilan smash pada kategori  baik yaitu dengan rata-rata 18,33, Data A3 menyimpulkan bahwa latihan push-up dapat meningkatkan ketepatan smash pada pemain bola voli Club Sigma Palu. Materi latihan push -up dapat berpengaruh terhadap ketepatan smsah dalam permainan bola voli, karena materi latihan yang diberikan pada pelaksanaan penelitiaan memenuhi atau sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip latihan. Maka dari itu dengan penggunaan Metode Push Up Dalam Peningkatan Kekuatan Smash Dalam Permainan Bola Voli dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pukulaan smash pada bola voli.
LATIHAN SMALL SIDED GAMES DALAM KETEPATAN PASSING PADA EKSTRAKURIKULER SEPAK BOLA
Authors: Bayan Ardana Wikarta  , Muzni Rofik
Published: January 2022

Sepak Bola merupakan salah satu cabang olahraga yang paling banyak diminati penduduk dunia, tidak terkecuali di Indonesia. Cabang olahraga ini dimainkan oleh masing-masing 11 orang pemain dan dilakukan di sebuah lapangan berumput yang sangat luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan small sided games terhadap ketepatan passing ekstrakurikuler sepak bola Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literature. Studi literatur ini dimaksudkan untuk mengungkapkan berbagai teori- teori yang relevan dengan permasalahan yang sedang diteliti. Teknik ini dilakukan dengan cara membaca, mempelajari dan mengkaji literatur-literatur yang berhubungan dengan latihan small slided games dan ketepatan passing. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dari berbagai sumber dapat disimpulkan bahwa Latihan Small Sided Games sangat memberikan pengaruh terhadap Ketepatan Passing Pada Ekstrakurikuler Sepak Bola.