bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of hypoglycemic effect, safety and immunomodulation of Prevotella copri in mice
Authors: Verbrugghe Phebe , Brynjólfsson Jón , Jing Xingjun , Björck Inger , Hållenius Frida , Nilsson Anne
Published: October 2021

The gut bacterium Prevotella copri (P. copri) has been shown to lower blood glucose levels in mice as well as in healthy humans, and is a promising candidate for a next generation probiotic aiming at prevention or treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study the hypoglycemic effect of live P. copri was confirmed in mice and pasteurization of P. copri was shown to further enhance its capacity to improve glucose tolerance. The safety of live and pasteurized P. copri was evaluated by a 29-day oral toxicity study in mice. P. copri did not induce any adverse effects on body growth. General examination of the mice, gross pathological and histological analysis showed no abnormalities of the vital organs. Though relative liver weights were lower in the pasteurized (4.574 g ± 0.096) and live (4.347 g ± 0.197) P. copri fed groups than in the control mice (5.005 g ± 0.103) (p = 0.0441 and p = 0.0147 respectively), no liver biochemical marker aberrations were detected. Creatinine serum levels were significantly lower in mice fed with live (p = 0.001) but not pasteurized (p = 0.163) P. copri compared to those of control mice. Haematological parameter analysis and low plasma Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein (LBP) levels ruled out systemic infection and inflammation. Immunomodulation capacity by P. copri as determined by blood plasma cytokine analysis was limited and gut colonisation occurred in only one of the 10 mice tested. Taken together, no major adverse effects were detected in P. copri treated groups compared to controls.
Computed tomography reveals hip dysplasia in the extinct Pleistocene saber-tooth cat Smilodon
Authors: Balisi Mairin A. , Sharma Abhinav K. , Howard Carrie M. , Shaw Christopher A. , Klapper Robert , Lindsey Emily L.
Published: October 2021

Reconstructing the behavior of extinct species is challenging, particularly for those with no living analogues. However, damage preserved as paleopathologies on bone can record how an animal moved in life, potentially reflecting behavioral patterns. Here, we assess hypothesized etiologies of pathology in a pelvis and associated right femur of a Smilodon fatalis saber-toothed cat, one of the best-studied species from the Pleistocene-age Rancho La Brea asphalt seeps, California, USA, using visualization by computed tomography (CT). The pelvis exhibits massive destruction of the right hip socket that was interpreted, for nearly a century, to have developed from trauma and infection. CT imaging reveals instead that the pathological distortions characterize chronic remodeling that began at birth and led to degeneration of the joint over the animal’s life. These results suggest that this individual suffered from hip dysplasia, a congenital condition common in domestic dogs and cats. This individual reached adulthood but could not have hunted properly nor defended territory on its own, likely relying on a social group for feeding and protection. While extant social felids are rare, these fossils and others with similar pathologies are consistent with a spectrum of social strategies in Smilodon supported by a predominance of previous studies.
Microbial community networks across body sites are associated with susceptibility to respiratory infections in infants
Authors: Reyman Marta , Clerc Melanie , van Houten Marlies A. , Arp Kayleigh , Chu Mei Ling J. N. , Hasrat Raiza , Sanders Elisabeth A. M. , Bogaert Debby
Published: October 2021

Respiratory tract infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in young children. Concepts such as the gut-lung axis have highlighted the impact of microbial communities at distal sites in mediating disease locally. However, little is known about the extent to which microbial communities from multiple body sites are linked, and how this relates to disease susceptibility. Here, we combine 16S-based rRNA sequencing data from 112 healthy, term born infants, spanning three body sites (oral cavity, nasopharynx, gut) and the first six months of life. Using a cross-niche microbial network approach, we show that, already from the first week of life on, there is a strong association between both network structure and species essential to these structures (hub species), and consecutive susceptibility to respiratory tract infections in this cohort. Our findings underline the crucial role of cross-niche microbial connections in respiratory health.
Imidazo-pyridine-based zinc(ii) complexes as fluorescent hydrogen sulfide probes
Authors: Strianese Maria , Brenna Stefano , Attilio Ardizzoia G. , Guarnieri Daniela , Lamberti Marina , D'Auria Ilaria , Pellecchia Claudio
Published: October 2021

The use of fluorescent zinc complexes as HS− sensors was explored. TD-DFT calculations suggest trigonal bipyramid compounds as intermediates. Bio-imaging experiments indicated the potential of these compounds in the detection of H2S in living cells.
The influence of copper on the optical band gap of heterometallic iodido antimonates and bismuthates
Authors: Möbs Jakob , Luy Jan-Niclas , Shlyaykher Alena , Tonner Ralf , Heine Johanna
Published: October 2021

The electronic situation at the copper atom controls the optical properties in a series of multinary iodido antimonates and bismuthates.
Importance of meteorology and chemistry in determining air pollutant levels during COVID-19 lockdown in Indian cities
Authors: Crilley Leigh R. , Iranpour Yashar E. , Young Cora J.
Published: October 2021

Comparison of diurnally-average NOxpre- and during phase-I lockdown in two Indian cities. This work highlights that ambient levels post-lockdown were a complex interaction between emissions, meteorology, and chemistry.
Recent trends in gas sensingviacarbon nanomaterials: outlook and challenges
Authors: Dariyal Pallvi , Sharma Sushant , Chauhan Gaurav Singh , Singh Bhanu Pratap , Dhakate Sanjay R.
Published: October 2021

Advances and challenges of CNM nanocomposite-based sensors from the period 2011–2021 are discussed.
The effect of solvent on the binding of anions and ion-pairs with a neutral [2]rotaxane
Authors: Molina-Muriel Ricardo , Romero J. Ramón , Li Yifan , Aragay Gemma , Ballester Pablo
Published: October 2021

In this work we report the binding properties of rotaxane 1 towards a series of tetraalkylammonium salts of Cl−, OCN− and NO3− anions in acetone and a CHCl3/MeOH solvent mixture.
The dark side of photocatalysis: near-infrared photoredox catalysis for organic synthesis
Authors: Sellet Nicolas , Cormier Morgan , Goddard Jean-Philippe
Published: October 2021

Near-Infrared photoredox catalysis is now consider as the next evolution of this field.
Nano-silica extracted from rice husk and its application in acetic acid steam reforming
Authors: Guo Wenwen , Li Guoneng , Zheng Youqu , Li Ke
Published: October 2021

Nano-silica extracted from rice husk and its application in acetic acid steam reforming was studied in the paper.
Evaluation of histone deacetylase inhibitor substituted zinc and indium phthalocyanines for chemo- and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Aru Başak , Günay Aysel , Demirel Gülderen Yanıkkaya , Gürek Ayşe Gül , Atilla Devrim
Published: October 2021

3-Hydroxypyridin-2-thione bearing zinc and indium phthalocyanine derivatives, as photosensitizer agents have been synthesized and evaluated for their anti-cancer efficacy on two breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 as well as a human endothelial cell line, HUVEC.
High pressure as a novel tool for the cationic ROP of γ-butyrolactone
Authors: Bernat Roksana , Maksym Paulina , Tarnacka Magdalena , Malarz Katarzyna , Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz Anna , Biela Tadeusz , Golba Sylwia , Kamińska Ewa , Paluch Marian , Kamiński Kamil
Published: October 2021

Well-defined poly(γ-butyrolactone) was synthesized with great efficiency via high pressure assisted cationic ROP of hardly polimerizable γ-butyrolactone.
Three-dimensional thiophene-diketopyrrolopyrrole-based molecules/graphene aerogel as high-performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Hou Shengxian , Zhang Xinyao , Zhou Pengfei , Chen Shuhai , Lin Hongtao , Zhou Jin , Zhuo Shuping , Liu Yuying
Published: October 2021

Herein, TDPP and TDPPA were synthesized and then loaded on graphene by hydrothermal method to obtain TDPP/RGO and TDPPA/RGO aerogel, which were applied as anode for LiBs.
meta-Terphenyl linked donor–π–acceptor dyads: intramolecular charge transfer controlled by electron acceptor group tuning
Authors: Kim Min-Ji , Ahn Mina , Chae Minjung , Kim Sanghyun , Kim Daehoon , Wee Kyung-Ryang
Published: October 2021

Dyads were prepared to understand the electronic effects of a meta-terphenyl linker according to the accepting ability change. The charge transfer properties in the ground/excited state are determined by accepting ability and/or steric hindrance.
Progress on continuum modeling of lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Parke Caitlin D. , Teo Linnette , Schwartz Daniel T. , Subramanian Venkat R.
Published: October 2021

A survey of physical phenomena in the modeling literature and challenges for accelerating development of LiS batteries using continuum models.
Stress propagation in locally loaded packings of disks and pentagons
Authors: Kozlowski Ryan , Zheng Hu , Daniels Karen E. , Socolar Joshua E. S.
Published: October 2021

A granular medium composed of pentagons transmits stresses more directly from a local load to the walls of its container than does a medium composed of disks made of the same material.
Multiple charge separation pathways in new-generation non-fullerene acceptors: a computational study
Authors: Landi Alessandro , Padula Daniele
Published: October 2021

Through a combination of molecular dynamics, density functional theory and Fermi's golden rule, computational modelling of two all-small-molecule organic bulk heterojunctions provides a simple rationalisation of the great performance of Y6.
Achieving efficient organic solar cells via synergistically doping active layers and interfaces by a conjugated macrocycle
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Yi , Shan Tong , Wei Qingyun , Xu Zhenchuang , Zhao Yanchuan , Yang Jianming , Bao Qinye , Jin Hui , Ma Zaifei , Wei Hao , Zhong Hongliang
Published: October 2021

A conjugated macrocycle, namely cyanostar, has, for the first time, been utilized to improve the electronic and morphological structures of organic solar cells by simultaneously p-doping the active layer and the interfacial layer.
Packing structures of (trialkylsilyl)ethynyl-substituted dinaphtho[2,3-b:2′,3′-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophenes (DNTTs): effects of substituents on crystal structures and transport properties
Authors: Takimiya Kazuo , Usui Sayaka , Sato Aoi , Kanazawa Kiseki , Kawabata Kohsuke
Published: October 2021

Novel (trialkylsilyl)ethynyl-substituted DNTT derivatives are synthesized, and their crystal structures, transport properties, and the structure–property relationship are elucidated.
Hearing Aid Review Appointments: Attendance and Effectiveness
Authors: Bennett Rebecca J. , Kosovich Erin , Cohen Steff , Lo Cara , Logan Kevin , Olaithe Michelle , Eikelboom Robert
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

This study aimed to (a) identify participant factors associated with hearing aid review (HAR) appointment attendance, (b) investigate whether the completion of self-report survey identifying hearing aid–related problems affects HAR appointment attendance, and (c) investigate whether hearing aid problems and hearing aid management deficiencies are adequately addressed during HAR appointments.

Method:

A prospective cohort study of adult hearing aid owners recruited from a single hearing clinic in Western Australia. Potential participants were invited to an annual HAR appointment via postal letter. The invitation included a paper-based self-report survey evaluating either (a) hearing aid problems, (b) hearing aid management skills, or (c) hearing aid outcomes, depending on which intervention/control group the potential participants were assigned to, and a reply paid addressed envelope. Two months later, potential participants were sent all three paper-based self-report surveys, irrespective of whether they had attended or not attended an HAR appointment.

Results:

(a) There was no significant difference in gender or source of funding for hearing services between HAR appointment attendees and nonattendees. HAR nonattendees lived a greater distance from their clinic and were younger than attendees. (b) Survey completion did not influence HAR appointment attendance rates. (c) A significant reduction in individuals' self-reported hearing aid problems was recorded following the attendance at the HAR appointment. No significant changes in hearing aid management skills or overall hearing aid outcomes were detected.

Conclusions:

Long travel distances may be a barrier to attendance at review appointments. HAR appointments appear to be effective in improving hearing aid problems.
A spectroscopic follow-up for Gaia19bld
Authors: Bachelet E. , Zieliński P. , Gromadzki M. , Gezer I. , Rybicki K. , Kruszyńska K. , Ihanec N. , Wyrzykowski Ł. , Street R. A. , Tsapras Y. , Hundertmark M. , Cassan A. , Harbeck D. , Rabus M.
Published: October 2021

Context.Due to their scarcity, microlensing events in the Galactic disk are of great interest and high-cadence photometric observations, supplemented by spectroscopic follow-up, are necessary for constraining the physical parameters of the lensing system. In particular, a precise estimate of the source characteristics is required to accurately measure the lens distance and mass.

Aims.We conducted a spectroscopic follow-up of microlensing event Gaia19bld to derive the properties of the microlensing source and, ultimately, to estimate the mass and distance of the lens.

Methods.We obtained low- and high-resolution spectroscopy from multiple sites around the world during the course of the event. The spectral lines and template matching analysis has led to two independent, consistent characterizations of the source.

Results.We found that the source is a red giant located at ~8.5 kpc from the Earth. Combining our results with the photometric analysis has led to a lens mass ofMl~ 1.1 M⊙at a distance ofDl~ 5.5 kpc. We did not find any significant blend light in the spectra (with an upper detection limit ofV≤ 17 mag), which is in agreement with photometric observations. Therefore, we cannot exclude the possibility that the lens is a main-sequence star. Indeed, we predict in this scenario a lens brightness ofV~ 20 mag, a value that would make it much fainter than the detection limit.
Disentangling the optical AGN and host-galaxy luminosity with a probabilistic flux variation gradient
Authors: Gianniotis N. , Pozo Nuñez F. , Polsterer K. L.
Published: October 2021

Context.We present a novel probabilistic flux variation gradient (PFVG) approach to separate the contributions of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and host galaxies in the context of photometric reverberation mapping (PRM) of AGN.

Aims.We explored the ability of recovering the fractional contribution in a model-independent way using the entire set of light curves obtained through different filters and photometric apertures simultaneously.

Methods.The method is based on the observed “bluer when brighter” phenomenon that is attributed to the superimposition of a two-component structure; the red host galaxy, which is constant in time, and the varying blue AGN. We describe the PFVG mathematical formalism and demonstrate its performance using simulated light curves and available PRM observations.

Results.The new probabilistic approach is able to recover host-galaxy fluxes to within 1% precision as long as the light curves do not show a significant contribution from time delays. This represents a significant improvement with respect to previous applications of the traditional FVG method to PRM data.

Conclusions.The proposed PFVG provides an efficient and accurate way to separate the AGN and host-galaxy luminosities in PRM monitoring data. The method will be especially helpful in the case of large upcoming photometric survey telescopes such as the public optical/near-infrared Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) at theVera C. RubinObservatory. Finally, we have made the algorithms freely available as part of our Julia PFVG package.
APOGEE-2S view of the globular cluster Patchick 125 (Gran 3)
Authors: Fernández-Trincado José G. , Minniti Dante , Garro Elisa R. , Villanova Sandro
Published: October 2021

We present detailed elemental abundances, radial velocity, and orbital elements for Patchick 125, a recently discovered metal-poor globular cluster (GC) in the direction of the Galactic bulge. Near-infrared high-resolution (R ∼ 22 500) spectra of two members were obtained during the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment at Las Campanas Observatory as part of the sixteenth Data Release (DR 16) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We investigated elemental abundances for four chemical species, including α- (Mg, Si), Fe-peak (Fe), and odd-Z (Al) elements. We find a metallicity covering the range from [Fe/H] = −1.69 to −1.72, suggesting that Patchick 125 likely exhibits a mean metallicity ⟨[Fe/H]⟩ ∼ −1.7, which represents a significant increase in metallicity for this cluster compared to previous low-resolution spectroscopic analyses. We also found a mean radial velocity of 95.9 km s−1, which is ∼21.6 km s−1 higher than reported in the literature. The observed stars exhibit an α-enrichment ([Mg/Fe] ≲ 0.20, and [Si/Fe] ≲ +0.30) that follows the typical trend of metal-poor GCs. The aluminum abundance ratios for the present two member stars are enhanced in [Al/Fe] ≳ +0.58, which is a typical enrichment characteristic of the so-called ‘second-generation’ of stars in GCs at similar metallicity. This supports the possible presence of the multiple-population phenomenon in Patchick 125, as well as its genuine GC nature. Further, Patchick 125 shows a low-energy, low-eccentric (< 0.4) and retrograde orbit captured by the inner Galaxy, near the edge of the bulge. We confirm that Patchick 125 is a genuine metal-poor GC, which is currently trapped in the vicinity of the Milky Way bulge.
Revisiting TrES-5 b: departure from a linear ephemeris instead of short-period transit timing variation
Authors: Maciejewski G. , Fernández M. , Aceituno F. , Ramos J. L. , Dimitrov D. , Donchev Z. , Ohlert J.
Published: October 2021

Aims. The orbital motion of the transiting hot Jupiter TrES-5 b was reported to be perturbed by a planetary companion on a nearby orbit. Such compact systems do not frequently occur in nature, and investigating their orbital architecture could shed some light on the formation processes of hot Jupiters.

Methods. We acquired 15 new precise photometric time-series for 12 transits of TrES-5 b between June 2019 and October 2020 using 0.9–2.0 m telescopes. The method of precise transit timing was employed to verify the deviation of the planet from the Keplerian motion.

Results. Although our results show no detectable short-time variation in the orbital period of TrES-5 b and the existence of the additional nearby planet is not confirmed, the new transits were observed about two minutes earlier than expected. We conclude that the orbital period of the planet could vary on a long timescale. We found that the most likely explanation of the observations is the line-of-sight acceleration of the system’s barycentre caused by the orbital motion induced by a massive, wide-orbiting companion.
Using wild strawberry of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic in breeding garden strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)
Authors: Baturin Sergey , Belevtsova Valentina
Published: October 2021

In Central Yakutia, cultivating of Fragaria × ananassa varieties involves high risk of frost-killing. To create winter-resistant cultivars of garden strawberry there was performed open pollination under the conditions of redundant pollen background of local wild strawberry F. mandshurica Staudt. Most seedlings grown from the achenes thus developed retain specific characters of F. × ananassa. The stock of selected seedlings was established. Creation of the varieties adapted to the local growing conditions proves the selection technique to be successful.
Fragaria orientalis Losinsk in Yakutia: populations, selection and breeding prospects
Authors: Belevtsova Valentina , Sorokopudova Olga
Published: October 2021

The state of populations, selection and prospects of breeding in the genus Fragaria L. in the conditions of Yakutia are considered in the present contribution. The object of the study is an almost unexplored species of eastern strawberry Fragaria orientalis Los., formed under the conditions of severe natural selection and having a high ecological adaptability to local natural and climatic conditions.
Liliopsida anatomical traits in the Trollius species (Ranunculaceae)
Authors: Buglova Liubov V. , Gusar Anastasia S.
Published: October 2021

Floral shoot anatomy in Trollius asiaticus and seedling morphology in T. altaicus, T. apertus, T. asiaticus, T. europaeus, T. ledebourii and T sajanensis were studied in early ontogeny stages. In four species, there occurs syncotyly, its distribution among the species of the genus being probably a valuable characteristic to understand the genus phylogeny. In T. asiaticus, vascular bundles are closed, stems are unable to any secondary increase in thicknes; sclerenchyma is not located radially but forms massive strands externally to the vascular bundles.
Xerodrymionorientale mediterraneum gorges of the Karatag river
Authors: Davlatov Sayfiddin Khairiddin , Sattorov Rakhmatullo Boboevich , Bobokalonov Jamoliddin Murotalievich
Published: October 2021

The Karatag gorge is one of the natural areas where valuable genetic resources (wild, fruit and many valuable species) are preserved. A characteristic feature of the region is the richness of the diversity of flora and vegetation, where the main formations of Tajik vegetation are noted (maple, hazel, almond, frame, juniper). The article summarizes the results of the authors’ field research on the study of the state of xerophilic forests in the Karatag gorge. For the first time, the authors cite original materials on the phytocenology of all formations of this type of composition. According to the results of our research, the Shibleak communities in the study area are distributed in high-altitude belts from low-hilly 600–800 m to middle mountains 800–1800, 2000 m. The main formations of this type in the study area are: Acer regelii, Crataegus pontica, Celtis caucasic, Pistacia vera, Amygdalis bucharica, Ampelopsis vitifolia, Atraphaxis pyrifolia. As a result of the study, 340 plant species, 6 formations and more than 25 vegetation associations were identified in the composition of the flora of this type of the study area.
Physiological and biochemical characteristics of some therophyllous species of the Ficus genus in water stress conditions
Authors: Grebennikova Oksana , Pilkeviсh Ruslana
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the search for physiological and biochemical parameters associated with the implementation of plant adaptation mechanisms to the combined action of high temperatures and water stress is dictated by frequent summer droughts in southern regions. For this purpose, every month during the dry period under the conditions of a laboratory experiment a number of physiological and biochemical parameters were determined in the leaves of species F. palmata, F. virgata, and F. carica (Sabrutsia Rozovaya variety) that grow in the collection plots of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens. In studied genotypes were assessed leaves tissue water сut, water deficit, moisture retaining ability, resistance to dehydration, proline content, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity. It was defined that during the summer season physiological and biochemical parameters in the leaves of the studied species varied unequally. There was revealed the functional relation between the activity of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, proline content and the level of drought resistance of the studied species of the Ficus genus. The drought resistance of these varieties is most closely related to the proline content.
The first evidence about the algae flora of the reservoirs of the “Aschisayskaya Steppe” plot (State Nature Reserve “Orenburgsky”)
Authors: Ignatenko Marina E. , Yatsenko-Stepanova Tatyana N. , Kalmykova Olga G.
Published: October 2021

The first data about the algae flora of the water bodies of the “Aschisayskaya Steppe” plot of the State Nature Reserve “Orenburgsky” are presented. 217 species and intraspecies taxa of microalgae belonging to the phyla Chlorophyta, Euglenozoa, Bacillariophyta, Ochrophyta, Streptophyta, Miozoa and Cyanobacteria were found in five reservoirs of the plot. New species for the territory of the Orenburg Region, as well as rare species for Russia are noted, their characteristics and micrographs are given. The obtained data expands the current understanding of the range of the identified taxa.
To the analysis of the flora of water bodies and watercourses of the city of Tobolsk (Tyumen region) and cities of the Vyatka-Kama Cis-Urals
Authors: Kapitonova Olga
Published: October 2021

The flora of water bodies and watercourses of the city of Tobolsk is composed of 266 species of macrophytes, including both higher plants and macroalgae. This indicator is higher than the number of macrophyte species in the previously studied cities of the Vyatka-Kama Cis-Urals, while the ratio of ecological groups remains the same. The taxonomic richness and ecological diversity of the hydrophilic component of urban floras depends on a number of factors: 1) the presence and diversity within the urban landscape of habitats inhabited by aquatic and semi-aquatic plants; 2) the position of the city’s territory in the system of regional land subdivisions within the physical-geographical country; 3) the age of the city. The composition of macrophytes is not affected by the size of the urban area and the geographical position of the city within a region.
The condition of the epiphytic lichens of dark coniferous forest in the area of the outbreak of ips sexdentatus boern on the Maly Abakan site of Khakassky nature reserve
Authors: Larina Оlga , Макееva Еvgenia
Published: October 2021

The study presents data on the condition of the thalli of epiphytic lichens, their occurrence and projective cover on the sample plots located in the area of the outbreak of Ips sexdentatus Boern on the Maly Abakan site of Khakassky Nature Reserve.
The use of biogenic ferrihydrite nanoparticles in the reproduction of Ribes nigrum L. lignified cuttings
Authors: Mistratova Natalia , Bopp Valentina , Gurevich Yuri
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the results of the use of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) variety Sofya with lignified cuttings of solutions of nanoparticles of biogenic ferrihydrite in two modifications. Colloidal nanoparticles of “pure” ferrihydrite (Feh) and ferrihydrite doped with aluminum (Feh_Al) have been tested. The research results showed that soaking the cuttings in solutions of nanoparticles and exogenous treatment with these solutions can increase the rooting rate of cuttings of black currant. The maximum rhizogenic activity of cuttings was noted in the variant with ferrihydrite doped with aluminum - 61.9%, which was statistically confirmed. In the variant with Feh, rooting was lower in comparison with the control by 28.1% and with the variant Feh_Al by 4.9% and amounted to 57%.
Specially protected vascular plants of the Verkhneindigirsky Resource Reserve (Yakutia)
Authors: Nikolin Evgenii
Published: October 2021

On the territory of the Verkhneindigirsky Resource Reserve, located near the North-Eastern border of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, the distribution of 16 species of vascular plants listed in the regional Red Book of Yakutia was revealed.
Rhizomatous geophytes from the genus Hosta in Western Siberia
Authors: Sedelnikova Lyudmila
Published: October 2021

This is research of biological features of the growth and development rhythm of 11 Hosta species in the conditions of forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. A comparative analysis of the organogenesis of the species H. decorata, H. sieboldiana, and H. lancifolia is carried out. The seed productivity and viability of pollen of 9 species were established. It is provided the description of upper and lower epidermis, cross section of leaf. It is revealed that the structure of lamina is characterized by xeromesophytic characters. It is mentioned species specificity in arrangement of adaxial and abaxial stomas pursuant thereto leaves of two types of Hosta are amphistomatic and hypostomatic. It is concluded that on the lower epidermis of the leaf, the transpiration capacity is 3 – 8 times greater.
Life strategies of plants of meander bars
Authors: Shakleina Marya , Savinykh Natalya
Published: October 2021

The article generalizes the data on life strategy of plants in meander bars by the example of the species Limosella aquatica L., Silene tatarica (L.) Pers. and Petasites spurius (Retz.) Rchb., taking into account their life span and centres of environmental impact of a specimen, as well as peculiar features of sustaining a coenopopulation. The annual monocarpic L. aquatica combines its typical ruderal strategy of leaving numerous posterity with vegetative accrescence and iterative branching. The taproot perennial S. tatarica shows a competitor-ruderal strategy: plants entrench themselves and repeatedly territory development the help of root systems, still the coenopopulation (CP) is sustained by means of seed propagation and, possibly, as a kind of support, in a vegetative way, using a bank of dormant buds. Ruderal-competitor strategy of P. spurius is supported by vegetative propagation, development, and entrenchment on the territory by means of clones constantly and regularly renewed. So life of plants belonging to different biomorphs in conditions of meander bars is provided by a full or partial shift to ruderal life strategy.
Rare species of bayrachny forests of the south of the European part of Russia
Authors: Sokolova Tatyana
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of long-term research of ravine oak forests of the Rostov region.The term ‘bayrack’ (ravine) forest is associated with the growing of forests of this type on the slopes of ravines in the forest-steppe zone. The conducted ecological and floral classification showed a high syntaxonomic diversity of ravine oak forests of the region. Forest communities are represented by 6 associations: Scorzonero ensifoliae–Quercetum Sokolova ex Semenishchenkov 2020; Vicio pisiformis–Quercetum roboris Semenishchenkov 2012; Pyro pyrastri– Quercetum roboris Poluyanov 2012; Chamaecytiso ruthenici–Quercetum roboris Poluyanov 2012; Fritillario ruthenici-Quercetum roboris Onyschenko, Dyakova et Karpenko ex Goncharenko in Goncharenko et al. 2020, Melico pictae-Ulmetum minoris ass. nov. prov. from 2 classes: Carpino–Fagetea, Quercetea pubescentis and 2 unions: Aceri campestris-Quercion roboris and Scutellario altissimae-Quercion roboris. There are 67 rare plant species listed in the Red Books of the Rostov [1], Volgograd [2] and Voronezh [3] regions in the communities of these associations. Oak forests in the south of the European part of Russia significantly increase the biological diversity not only of the Don region, but also of the entire steppe zone of the country.
Prospects for the use of Caragana fruits (Caragana arborescens and C. frutex) as alternative raw materials for the food industry
Authors: Solomonova Ekaterina , Trusov Nikolay , Nozdrina Tatiana , Kuvshinchikov Nikolay
Published: October 2021

Currently, there is an increase in the world’s population against the background of a reduction in land suitable for growing traditional agricultural crops. This is especially true for Asian countries. Due to a number of factors, the areas of fertile land are decreasing, and the areas of saline land are increasing; arid areas of the planet are expanding. In this regard, it is important to introduce plants into the culture that can grow on poor, arid, saline soils. The purpose of the research is to study vegetable raw materials from fruits Caragana arborescens and C. frutex, undergoing introduction tests in the arboretum of the Tsytsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, to find out the possibilities and advantages of their use in the food industry in a comparative aspect. A comparative assessment of the size and weight characteristics of the fruits and seeds of C. arborescens and C. frutex studied by us indicates the possibilities of their industrial food use in the future, along with a good introduction, and, probably, plantation potential of these plants.
The features of the biennial shoot systems of Ulmus glabra Huds. characteristic of the crown in the virginal age state
Authors: Televinova Maria , Antonova Irina
Published: October 2021

The morphological features of crowns were studied on the material of individuals of U. glabra of seed regeneration in the gaps of decaying three-hundred-year-old oak forests. We collected data on all crown shoots of five trees of young virginal age (from 10 to 18 years). The principal component method was used twice: first on the model tree to characterize features of the shoots biennial systems under the study, then to reveal ontogenetic and structural features of the crown organization of five virginal trees. Using the method of shoots biennial systems extraction allowed us to form a set of qualitative and quantitative characters reflecting crown structure properties of virginal trees of U. glabra, namely: properties of axes branching order, ontogenetic age of shoots in the crown, crown density, individual properties of tree crown structure.
New data for systematics of the genus Zeravschania (Apiaceae) and related taxa based on the nrDNA (ITS) sequences
Authors: Terentieva Elena , Ukrainskaja Uliana , Lyskov Dmitry , Samigullin Tahir , Kljuykov Eugene
Published: October 2021

All 13 species of the genus Zeravschania were studied in molecular and morphological analyzes. The molecular study showed that Zeravschania is a clearly paraphyletic taxon including monotypic genera Demavendia and Haussknechtia. Further phylogenetic, anatomical and morphological studies are needed to confirm taxonomic position of these genera. Zeravschania afghanica confirms its placement in the genus Zeravschania, not in Cephalopodum or Selinum. Dichoropetalum knappii confirms its placement in the genus Dichoropetalum, not in Zeravschania.
On foliar fungal pathogens at species of the genus Alnus Mill. in Siberia
Authors: Tomoshevich Mariya A. , Vorob’eva Irina G. , Banaev Evgeny V.
Published: October 2021

The article determines the species composition of causative agents of plant leaf diseases of the genus Alnus Mill. for the Siberian region, that grow in the arboretum collections and urbanized environment. The author has identified four phytopathogens, their spread and harmfulness are specified; established the confinement of foliar fungal pathogens to the host plant species, its ontogeny phase, and abiotic environmental factors. It had been found a hyperparasite Ramularia uredinis (W. Voss) Sacc. on a causative agent of alder rust (Melampsoridium alni (Thum.) Dietel), for which this phytopathogen is a new host.
First data on Myxomycetes of the State Nature Preserve “Sut-Khol”, Republic of Tuva (Tyva), Russia
Authors: Vlasenko Anastasia , Shanmak Rada , Sambyla Choigan
Published: October 2021

First records of Myxomycetes from the Republic of Tuva, Russia, are presented. We identified 24 species of myxomycetes from 12 genera, 7 families and 4 orders in the State Natural Customer “Sut-Khol”. For the Republic of Tuva, 14 species of myxomycetes have been identified for the first time. Arcyria globosa, first identified on the bark of a live Сaragana in the Asian part of Russia using the “moist chamber”. We have also identified a rare species of Echinostelium fragile on the bark of a live Pinus sylvestris.
Comparative introduction study of Syringa vulgaris L. cultivars in the conditions of a moderately continental, continental and conditionally subtropical climate of the Mediterranean type
Authors: Zykova Vera , Belanova Anastasia , Vinogradova Elena , Prihodko Svetlana , Plugatar Svetlana
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of a comparative introduction study and cultivar evaluation of 7 of common lilac cultivars in the collections of three botanical gardens (the Nikita Botanical Gardens, the Central Siberian Botanical Garden and the Donetsk Botanical Garden) located in zones with conditionally subtropical, temperate continental and continental climate. It is established that the cultivars retain their decorative features in the conditions of introduction and show ecological plasticity, increasing their growing season with an increase in the vegetation period, as well as reducing the area of the leaf blade with a decrease in the average annual precipitation.
Analysis of the Problem of Environmental Pollution in Oil Fields, as Well as Ways of Utilization of Oil Production Waste
Authors: Zhironkin Vitaly , Cehlar Michal
Published: October 2021

The problems of the current ecological situation in the oil-producing regions are being investigated. The analysis of the impact of the growth of hydrocarbon production on the environment has been carried out. The main causes and sources of pollution have been identified, starting with the process of developing oil and gas fields and including directly extracting and processing oil and gas resources. It is noted that the main reason for the growing environmental hazard is the deterioration and depreciation of equipment and the low share of innovative activity of oil companies. The main methods of utilization of oil production wastes, which are currently used in world practice, have been analyzed. Some technologies for processing oil sludge with obtaining a secondary product are considered. Their main advantages and disadvantages associated with the features of the technological process are described. The possibility of obtaining inert soil, building material, expanded clay and other materials using drill cuttings has been evaluated. The complex separate processing of drilling waste has been determined as the most effective and promising. Its main advantages associated with the complete utilization of all components of oil sludge, as well as the problems of introducing this technology, are given.
Combined Method of Coal Mining in the Opening of Shallow Layers as a Direction of Innovative Development of Geotechnology
Authors: Tyuleneva Tatiana , Shishkov Roman , Kucherova Elena , Moldazhanov Marat
Published: October 2021

In recent years, there has been a decline in the efficiency of coal mining by traditional methods. On the one hand, the volume of coal outside the contour of the cut, which is economically impractical for open-pit mining, is increasing. On the other hand, when using underground geotechnology, the cost of production exceeds the cost of performing mining operations using open geotechnology, this is due to differences in the factors of operation of the open pit and the mine. This circumstance determines the use of open-underground technology for mining coal reserves outside the contour of the open pit as an actual and promising direction. This article describes a methodological approach based on the use of technological schemes for the preparation and treatment of reserves of powerful shallow coal seams, the justification of the parameters of combined geotechnology with a coordinated and balanced development of open and open-underground mining operations with the distribution of reserves for open and open-underground mining of coal reserves beyond the limit contour of the open pit, the preparation of excavation sites directly from its workings and the coordination of production capacity and the speed of their development. Its application will increase the production capacity of the coal mining complex without additional environmental burden and will provide an increased return on investment.
Improvement of Technological Approaches to the Use of a Combined Method for Eliminating Sinkholes over Mining Workings
Authors: Tyuleneva Tatiana , Khamidullina Natalia
Published: October 2021

Analysis of projects for the elimination of open-pit mine workings in Russia has shown that most accidents associated with damage to the earth's surface are caused by critical values of rock pressure in empty spaces, a decrease in the bearing capacity of supports or their absence, as well as loss of stability of support structures. Rapid removal of the generated sinkholes does not always provide positive results, since often the material for filling them is burnt rock, and it was used without studying the properties of the earth's surface, where it is laid. This circumstance leads to the fact that the dips are re-activated. In this regard, the justification of the parameters of the method of eliminating sinkholes is an urgent scientific and practical task. The problem of stability of the abandoned mine workings, as well as geomechanical and environmental safety in the places where they are located, can only be solved using a systematic approach, which involves solving a set of issues to minimize the impact of each factor in the formation of sinkholes both in space and in time. The article describes the approaches to determining the technological parameters of the combined method of eliminating the sinkholes of mine workings, applied taking into account the geological characteristics of rocks and the mining and technical conditions of their location, the use of which will provide a reasonable calculation of the complex of engineering indicators for guaranteed removal.
Development of design solution for mine workings support repair and recovery in case of local massif deformations
Authors: Tsibaev Sergey , Renev Alexey , Kalinin Stepan
Published: October 2021

The article describes the causes of occurrence and forms of geomechanical processes manifestation in surrounding coal-rock massif of mine workings supported by anchor support. Based on long-term field observations, six forms of typical deformations of the surrounding massif have been established. Design solutions to strengthen the anchor support or complete reinforcement of damaged sections of mine workings during geomechanical processes of local felling have been developed. They include: installation scheme, substantiation of parameters and list of used reinforcement elements; technology of work, a list of equipment used.
Formulation of the Problem for Calculating the Stress State of a Pillar for a Longwall Recovery Room
Authors: Gogolin Vyacheslav , Ermakova Inna , Fedusov Vyacheslav
Published: October 2021

Two statements of the problem of calculating the stress state of pillars for a longwall recovery room are proposed. In the first statement, this pillar is located in the coal seam and is not affected by the adjacent extracted panel. The second statement takes into account the geomechanical effect of the adjacent extracted panel. The calculation area consists of the following blocks: the coal seam, the goaf, and the inter-panel pillar. All blocks are affected by their own weight. The problems are solved using the finite element method with pre-determined limiting conditions of the stress state within the solid strata.
Analysis of seismic tomography data for definition of hydraulic fracturing parameters in underground coal mines
Authors: Rout Gennadii , Sokolov Sergey , Utkaev Evgeniy , Anastasiya Kolmakova
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the issue of reliable estimate of the unloading extent and the variation order of coal-rock massif geomechanical characteristics as a result of hydraulic fracturing undertaken from mine workings. For this purpose it is proposed to use the fracturing value of the studied rock mass. In case the possibility of comparison with geological and actual data doesn’t exist, the option of using the rock mass classification based on the estimated value of geophysical index that specifies rock mass fracturing is considered. To address the issue, a geophysical survey of the active roof at the excavation site in the operating coal mine was implemented with a method of a seismic radioscopy before and after hydraulic fracturing. According to the results of seismic exploration, a massif unloading degree and an extent of roof fracturing has been determined.
Bottom Ash of the Largest Kuzbass Coal Power Plants: Secondary Use Possibility
Authors: Kargin Aleksey , Mashkin Nikolay
Published: October 2021

Kemerovo district coal power plant, Tom-Usinskaya district coal power plant and Belovo district coal power plant are the largest coal power plants in Kuzbass and during the combustion of coal they generate annually about 1600 tons of coal ash which consists of fly ash and bottom ash. Almost all the generated ash is disposed into ash dumps except a small quantity of fly ash (3.5%) that is effectively utilized. Therefore, secondary use of the bottom ash can be a sustainable solution for reducing its by-products and overcoming the scarcity of raw materials required for construction work. Therefore, the main aim of this research was to determine the chemical composition and granulometric properties of bottom ash to find out the possibility of using it as raw material for the building materials production. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to determine basicity index, activity index, average grain density, bulk density, true density and grain size distribution. The experimental results reveal that the particle size of ash is predominantly sand-sized while containing some silt-sized and rubble-sized fractions as well. The studied bottom ash has a low basicity and activity index, respectively, does not have independent hydraulic activity. Thus, bottom ash of the largest Kuzbass coal power plants can be used as raw material for the building materials production.
Analysis of ways to combat the sticking of rocks on the working equipment of mining machines
Authors: Mamaeva Mariya , Muagkih Ilya , Semenova Olga
Published: October 2021

The article discusses ways to reduce energy consumption in the open-pit mining of minerals in the conditions of Kuzbass by reducing the sticking to the working automobile equipment and excavator complexes. When excavating and transporting cohesive rocks, due to a sharp change in climatic conditions, adhesion-cryogenic processes occur (sticking, freezing on excavator buckets, dumpcars, conveyor belts, dump truck bodies, etc.). This significantly reduces the efficiency of excavating and transport complexes. In this paper, we consider the adhesion-cryogenic processes affecting the rock, methods of anti-sticking for the selection of optimal solutions.
The stress-strain state simulation for the auger-boring machine’s support-guide system
Authors: Khoreshok Aleksei , Mametyev Leonid , Lyubimov Oleg , Kuznetsov Andrey , Tan Yunliang
Published: October 2021

The article deals with a number of important aspects of the aggregate-modular type auger-boring equipment creation, as an integral part of the range of tunneling complexes for mining operations and laying horizontal and slightly deviated holes for various purposes. The importance of improving the support and guide systems, characterized by a variety of configurations and sizes, a large number of elements for various purposes and with different responsibility degree, is noted separately. In this regard, the possibility of flexible refinement of the complexes configuration for specific boring conditions with the verification of each applied technical solution by computer modeling remains relevant. The ways for a new constructive solutions creating are outlined.