bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes After Hamstring Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructions: Comparison Between Fixed-Loop and Adjustable-Loop Cortical Suspension Devices
Authors: Choi Nam-Hong , Yang Bong-Seok , Victoroff Brian N.
Published: November 2016

Background:

Few studies have compared clinical and radiological outcomes after hamstring anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with fixed-loop and adjustable-loop cortical suspension devices.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare clinical outcomes and tunnel widening after hamstring ACL reconstructions with fixed- and adjustable-loop cortical suspension devices. The hypothesis was that compared with femoral graft fixation with the fixed-loop device, fixation with the adjustable-loop device would show similar clinical outcomes and would result in less tunnel widening after hamstring ACL reconstruction.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 117 consecutive patients underwent hamstring ACL reconstruction at a single institution. The fixed-loop cortical suspension device was used in 67 patients, and the adjustable-loop cortical suspension device was used in 50 patients. All patients were observed for a minimum of 2 years. Postoperative knee laxity was evaluated with the Lachman test, pivot-shift test, and KT-1000 arthrometer. Functional evaluations were performed by use of the Lysholm score and the Tegner activity scale. On anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs, the measured diameters of the femoral tunnel at 1 year after surgery were compared with the diameter of the reamer used at surgery. The measured diameters of the tibial tunnel at 1 year after surgery were compared with those taken immediately after surgery.

Results:

The mean KT-1000 arthrometer laxity measurement was 1.5 ± 1.8 mm in the fixed-loop group and 1.2 ± 2.3 mm in the adjustable-loop group ( P = .530). Results of postoperative knee laxity evaluations and functional outcomes from both groups showed no statistically significant differences. However, the fixed-loop group showed significantly better stability in the pivot-shift test than did the adjustable-loop group ( P = .018). On AP radiographs, the mean diameter of the femoral and tibial tunnels increased by 42.2% ± 15.9% and 37.0% ± 17.8%, respectively, in the fixed-loop group and by 43.0% ± 15.4% and 36.8% ± 18.2% in the adjustable-loop group. On lateral radiographs, the mean diameter of the femoral and tibial tunnels increased by 38.1% ± 14.8% and 39.9% ± 13.8%, respectively, in the fixed-loop group and by 35.8% ± 12.2% and 38.1% ± 21.0% in the adjustable-loop group. No significant differences were found between the 2 groups in postoperative femoral and tibial tunnel widening on AP radiographs ( P = .801 and .951, respectively) or lateral radiographs ( P = .422 and .621, respectively).

Conclusion:

Compared with femoral fixation by use of the fixed-loop device, femoral fixation by use of the adjustable-loop device showed similar clinical outcomes but did not reduce tunnel widening after hamstring ACL reconstructions.
Acceptability of Outpatient Ready-To-Use Food-Based Protocols in HIV-Infected Senegalese Children and Adolescents Within the MAGGSEN Cohort Study
Authors: Cames Cecile , Varloteaux Marie , Have Ndeye Ngone , Diom Alhadji Bassine , Msellati Philippe , Mbaye Ngagne , Mbodj Helene , Sy Signate Haby , Diack Aminata ,   for the ANRS 12279 MAGGSEN Cohort Study Group
Published: November 2016

Objectives:

To assess the acceptability of ready-to-use food (RUF)-based outpatient protocols in HIV-infected children and adolescents with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and moderate acute malnutrition (MAM).

Methods:

Plumpy Nut and Plumpy Sup were supplied every 2 weeks and prescribed by weight to SAM and MAM children, respectively. Forty-three children, 24 MAM and 19 SAM, were enrolled. Organoleptic appreciation, feeding modalities, and perceptions surrounding RUF were recorded at week 2. Sachets were counted to measure adherence throughout the study.

Results:

Median age was 12.2 years (interquartile range: 9.3-14.8), and 91% were on antiretroviral treatment. Overall, 80%, 76%, 68%, and 68% of children initially rated RUF color, taste, smell, and mouth feeling as good. However, feelings of disgust, refusal to eat, fragmentation of intake, self-stigma, and sharing within the household were commonly reported. Eighteen MAM and 7 SAM experienced weight recovery. Recovery duration was 54 days (31-90) in MAM versus 114 days (69-151) in SAM children ( P = .02). Their rate of RUF consumption compared to amount prescribed was approximately 50% from week 2 to week 10. Nine failed to gain weight or consume RUF and were discontinued for clinical management, and 9 dropped out due to distance to the clinic.

Conclusion:

Initial RUF acceptability was satisfactory. More than half the children had successful weight recovery, although adherence to RUF prescription was suboptimal. However, further research is needed to propose therapeutic foods with improved palatability, alternative and simpler intervention design, and procedures for continuous and tailored psychosocial support in this vulnerable population. Trial registration: NCT01771562 (Current Controlled Trials).
Adult Day Services Outcomes: Delphi Review of an Integrated Participant Assessment System
Authors: Jarrott Shannon , Ogletree Aaron M.
Published: November 2016

Adult day services (ADS) aim to help elders age in place, but evidence of impact on participants lags behind caregiver research. To play a larger role in the continuum of care, ADS participant outcomes should regularly be documented with standard measures. We conducted a Delphi review of one integrated participant assessment system. Capturing physical, mental, and cognitive health indicators and activity engagement of typical ADS participants (i.e., frail elders eligible for nursing home placement), experts evaluated the system on instrument validity, relevance, and application. Practitioners and researchers completed multiple assessments of the system’s instruments and alternatives. Finally, panelists addressed the potential benefits and challenges of system adoption by ADS providers. Panelists concurred that such a system would benefit individuals, families, and providers; concerns related to cost and staffing requirements and appropriateness for distinct client populations. A refined system can reveal best practices to enhance ADS service delivery and participant outcomes.
Upgrading of automobile shredder residue via innovative granulation process ‘ReGran’
Authors: Holthaus Philip , Kappes Moritz , Krumm Wolfgang
Published: November 2016

Stricter regulatory requirements concerning end-of-life vehicles and rising disposal costs necessitate new ways for automobile shredder residue utilisation. The shredder granulate and fibres, produced by the VW-SICON-Process, have a high energy content of more than 20 MJ kg−1, which makes energy recovery an interesting possibility. Shredder fibres have a low bulk density of 60 kg m−3, which prevents efficient storing and utilisation as a refuse-derived fuel. By mixing fibres with plastic-rich shredder granulate and heating the mixture, defined granules can be produced. With this ‘ReGran’ process, the bulk density can be enhanced by a factor of seven by embedding shredder fibres in the partially melted plastic mass. A minimum of 26–33 wt% granulate is necessary to create enough melted plastic. The process temperature should be between 240 °C and 250 °C to assure fast melting while preventing extensive outgassing. A rotational frequency of the mixing tool of 1000 r min−1 during heating and mixing ensures a homogenous composition of the granules. During cooling, lower rotational frequencies generate bigger granules with particles sizes of up to 60 mm at 300 r min−1. To keep outgassing to a minimum, it is suggested to melt shredder granulate first and then add shredder fibres. Adding coal, wood or tyre fluff as a third component reduces chlorine levels to less than 1 wt%. The best results can be achieved with tyre fluff. In combination with the VW-SICON-Process, ReGran produces a solid recovered fuel or ‘design fuel’ tailored to the requirements of specific thermal processes.
Initial Development and Validation of the Youth Internalizing Problems Screener
Authors: Renshaw Tyler L. , Cook Clayton R.
Published: November 2016

The present studies report on the initial development and validation of the Youth Internalizing Problems Screener (YIPS), which is a 10-item self-report rating scale for assessing general internalizing problems and identifying depression and anxiety caseness within the context of school mental health screening. Results from Study 1 ( N = 177) demonstrated that responses to the YIPS yielded a single-factor latent structure, that scores derived from the scale had concurrent validity with scores from measures of student subjective well-being and problem behavior, and showed that scores derived from the YIPS demonstrated incremental validity in comparison with scores from another common internalizing problems screener for predicting self-reports of broad student functioning. Findings from Study 2 ( N = 219) confirmed the latent structure and internal reliability of responses to the YIPS, demonstrated that scores derived from this scale had strong associations with scores from criterion measures of depression and anxiety, and showed that YIPS scores had good-to-excellent power for accurately discriminating between youth scoring at or above the clinical caseness thresholds on criterion measures of depression and anxiety. Taken together, results suggest the YIPS shows promise as a technically adequate instrument for measuring general internalizing problems and identifying depression and anxiety caseness among secondary students. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Thermosensitive chitosan gels containing calcium glycerophosphate for bone cell culture
Authors: Kamińska Marta , Kuberski Sławomir , Maniukiewicz Waldemar , Owczarz Piotr , Komorowski Piotr , Modrzejewska Zofia , Walkowiak Bogdan
Published: November 2016

In this article, properties of thermosensitive chitosan hydrogels prepared with the use of chitosan chloride with β-glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate enriched with calcium glycerophosphate are presented and compared with chitosan hydrogels with β-glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate. The study is focused on the determination of hydrogel structure and biological testing of hydrogels with human osteoblasts line Saos-2. The structure of gels was visualized by scanning electron microscopy and was investigated by infrared spectroscopy. The crystallinity of gel structure was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis and thermal effects were determined using differential scanning calorimetry thermograms.
Non-toxic polyester urethanes based on poly(lactic acid), poly(ethylene glycol) and lysine diisocyanate
Authors: Pavelková Alena , Kucharczyk Pavel , Kuceková Zdenka , Zedník Jiří , Sedlařík Vladimír
Published: November 2016

Poly(lactic acid)-based polymers are highly suitable for temporary biomedical applications, such as tissue support or drug delivery systems. Copolymers of different molecular weight based on poly(lactic acid) and poly(ethylene glycol) were prepared by polycondensation, catalysed by hydrochloric acid. A chain-extension reaction with l-lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate was employed afterwards to obtain polyester urethanes with enhanced properties. The GPC results showed that the molecular weights of the products reached about 50,000 g·mol−1 and the hydrolytic progress was rapid in the first 2 weeks; the drop in Mn equalled approximately 70%. Additionally, elemental analysis of the buffer medium proved that hydrolytic degradation was more rapid in the first stage. Tensile-strength testing revealed that ductility increased alongside reduced molecular weight of poly(ethylene glycol), also suggesting that polymer branching occurred due to side reactions of isocyanate. Based on the envisaged biomedical applications for these polymers, cytotoxicity tests were carried out and the cytotoxic effect was only moderate in the case of 100% polymer extract prepared according to ISO standard 10993-12. In their research, the authors focused on preparing metal-free, catalysed synthesis of polyester urethanes, which could prove useful to numerous biomedical applications.
Foam dressing incorporating herbal extract: An all-natural dressing for potential use in wound healing
Authors: Bai Meng-Yi , Chen Meng-Chuan , Yu Wen-Chun , Lin Jia-Ying
Published: November 2016

Silk fibroin protein, gastrodia elata, and tea tree oil are naturally derived and have been used throughout human history. This work develops an all-natural and highly porous foam-containing silk fibroin protein and above herbal extract, as a dressing for wound management. Scanning electron microscopic analyses and measurements of porosity by Archimedes method revealed a highly porous structure with porosity ranging from 40%–80%, depending on the preparation condition. In vitro, cytotoxicity test of a series of gastrodia elata–containing silk fibroin protein and tea tree oil–containing silk fibroin protein foam dressings on 3T3 fibroblast cells showed 90%–100% cell viability, which indicated that the produced all-natural dressings have no significant cytotoxicity toward skin cells. In another anti-inflammatory assay using the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory Raw 264.7 macrophages model, the produced two dressings exhibited up to 70% and 90.1% of reduction in the formation of nitrite, in comparison with the untreated group. In vivo studies showed that all herbal extract–containing foam dressings accelerated wound recovery and achieved full closure of the wound within 21 days, and the histological analysis of regenerative skin tissues indicated that the produced foam dressings enhance the generation of thicker, denser, and more abundant collagen fibers in the dermis layer in comparison with the positive and negative control groups.
Sarcopenia Is Highly Prevalent in Older Medical Patients With Mobility Limitation
Authors: Maeda Keisuke , Shamoto Hiroshi , Wakabayashi Hidetaka , Akagi Junji
Published: November 2016

Background: The association of sarcopenia with disability with ambulatory status is uncertain because most studies have targeted people who could walk independently. This study explored the prevalence of sarcopenia regardless of ambulatory status and the impact of ambulatory status on sarcopenia. Materials and Methods: In total, 778 consecutive patients, aged ≥65 years and admitted to a hospital, were enrolled. Ambulatory status was divided into 4 grades according to mobility as described in the Barthel index. Sarcopenia was defined as a loss of appendicular muscle mass index (AMI) with bioelectrical impedance and decreased muscle strength with handgrip strength (HGS); cutoff values were adopted from the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Results: The mean patient age was 83.2 ± 8.3 years; 37.8% were male patients. Mobility limitation was associated with higher age, underweight body mass index, malnourishment, and comorbidities (all P < .001). AMI and HGS gradually decreased with declining ambulatory status (P < .001). The prevalence of sarcopenia in the independent walk, walk with help, wheelchair, and immobile groups was 57.9%, 76.1%, 89.4%, and 91.7%, respectively. AMI prevalence declined and sarcopenia drastically increased in patients who were unable to walk independently compared with those who could walk independently (P < .001). Multivariate regression analyses showed that mobility limitation was an independent indicator of decreasing AMI and sarcopenia after adjustment for confounders. Conclusion: Patients with dependent ambulatory status experienced a higher prevalence of sarcopenia compared with those with ambulation; in addition, decline in ambulatory status was an independent indicator for the presence of sarcopenia after adjustment for potential confounders.
Folic acid-conjugated soybean protein-based nanoparticles mediate efficient antitumor ability in vitro
Authors: Yao Weijing , Zha Qian , Cheng Xu , Wang Xin , Wang Jun , Tang Rupei
Published: November 2016

In this study, soy protein isolate was hydrolyzed by compound enzymes to give aqueous soy protein with low molecular weights. Folic acid modified and free soy protein nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a desolvation method as target-specific drug delivery, respectively. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry demonstrated that folic acid was successfully grafted onto soy protein. The shape and size of folic acid modified soy protein nanoparticles were detected by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscope, and dynamic light scattering. In addition, a series of characteristics including kinetic stability, pH stability, and time stability were also performed. Doxorubicin was successfully loaded into folic acid modified soy protein nanoparticles, and the encapsulation and loading efficiencies were 96.7% and 23%, respectively. Doxorubicin-loaded folic acid modified soy protein nanoparticles exhibited faster drug release rate than soy protein nanoparticles in PBS solution (pH = 5). The tumor penetration and antitumor experiments were done using three-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroids as the in vitro model. The results proved that folic acid modified soy protein nanoparticles display higher penetration and accumulation than soy protein nanoparticles, therefore possessing efficient growth inhibitory ability against multicellular tumor spheroids.
Clinoptilolite/PCL–PEG–PCL composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications
Authors: Pazarçeviren Engin , Erdemli Özge , Keskin Dilek , Tezcaner Ayşen
Published: November 2016

The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize highly porous clinoptilolite/poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) composite scaffolds. Scaffolds with different clinoptilolite contents (10% and 20%) were fabricated with reproducible solvent-free powder compression/particulate leaching technique. The scaffolds had interconnective porosity in the range of 55–76%. Clinoptilolite/poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds showed negligible degradation within eight weeks and displayed less water uptake and higher bioactivity than poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds. The presence of clinoptilolite improved the mechanical properties. Highest compressive strength (5.6 MPa) and modulus (114.84 MPa) were reached with scaffold group containing 20% clinoptilolite. In vitro protein adsorption capacity of the scaffolds was also higher for clinoptilolite/poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds. These scaffolds had 0.95 mg protein/g scaffold adsorption capacity and also higher osteoinductivity in terms of enhanced ALP, OSP activities and intracellular calcium deposition. Stoichiometric apatite deposition (Ca/P=1.686) was observed during cellular proliferation analysis with human fetal osteoblasts cells. Thus, it can be suggested that clinoptilolite/poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) composite scaffolds could be promising carriers for enhancement of bone regeneration in bone tissue engineering applications.
Corrosion resistance and biological activity of TiO2 implant coatings produced in oxygen-rich environments
Authors: Zhang Rui , Wan Yi , Ai Xing , Liu Zhanqiang , Zhang Dong
Published: November 2016

The physical and chemical properties of bio-titanium alloy implant surfaces play an important role in their corrosion resistance and biological activity. New turning and turning–rolling processes are presented, employing an oxygen-rich environment in order to obtain titanium dioxide layers that can both protect implants from corrosion and also promote cell adhesion. The surface topographies, surface roughnesses and chemical compositions of the sample surfaces were obtained using scanning electron microscopy, a white light interferometer, and the Auger electron spectroscopy, respectively. The corrosion resistance of the samples in a simulated body fluid was determined using electrochemical testing. Biological activity on the samples was also analyzed, using a vitro cell culture system. The results show that compared with titanium oxide layers formed using a turning process in air, the thickness of the titanium oxide layers formed using turning and turning–rolling processes in an oxygen-rich environment increased by 4.6 and 7.3 times, respectively. Using an oxygen-rich atmosphere in the rolling process greatly improves the corrosion resistance of the resulting samples in a simulated body fluid. On samples produced using the turning–rolling process, cells spread quickly and exhibited the best adhesion characteristics.
Pruritic nodular secondary syphilis in a 61-year-old man with HIV infection
Authors: Rovira-López Roger , Bertolín-Colilla Marta , Martín-Ezquerra Gemma , Pujol Ramon M
Published: November 2016

The typical finding in secondary syphilis stage is a generalized non-pruritic maculopapular eruption. We report a case of secondary syphilis in an HIV-infected patient presenting with pruritic crusted nodules showing numerous eosinophils on the histopathological examination.
Monitoring of Urate-Lowering Therapy Among US Veterans Following the 2012 American College of Rheumatology Guidelines for Management of Gout
Authors: Hughes Jonathan C. , Wallace Jessica L. , Bryant Candace L. , Salvig Brent E. , Fourakre T. Neal , Stone William J.
Published: November 2016

Background: With the prevalence of and hospitalizations for gout increasing, optimizing care for patients with gout is imperative. The 2012 American College of Rheumatology gout guidelines emphasize that timely monitoring is key to achieving serum urate (SUA) goals. Few studies have examined this metric following the 2012 update, and to our knowledge, none have examined a veteran population. Objective: To evaluate adherence to urate-lowering therapy (ULT) monitoring guidelines in a veteran population. Methods: This is a single-center, multisite, retrospective chart review of US veterans receiving ULT for gout within the VA (Veterans Affairs) Tennessee Valley Healthcare System from January 1, 2013, to June 30, 2015. The primary end point was percentage of patients with a SUA within 6 months of initial xanthine oxidase inhibitor prescription. Secondary end points included percentage of patients with SUA <6 mg/dL and percentage of patients with uptitration following SUA above goal. Results: A total of 601 patients met inclusion criteria for the study; after application of exclusion criteria, 505 were analyzed. Of these, 295 patients (58%) did not have a SUA drawn within 6 months, and 162 patients (32%) reached the end of the study period without SUA measured. Of 226 patients with SUA above goal on initial check, 64 (28%) had timely dose adjustment, whereas 143 patients (63%) had no adjustment. A total of 161 patients (32%) had a SUA at goal within the study period. Conclusions: Rates of ULT monitoring at a major VA medical center were suboptimal, and improved adherence to guideline recommendations is needed.
Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Ovarian Vein: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: López-Ruiz María Elena , Yébenes Laura , Berjón Alberto , Hardisson David
Published: November 2016

Primary leiomyosarcoma arising from the ovarian vein is extremely rare, with only 10 cases reported in the literature. We report on a case of leiomyosarcoma of the left ovarian vein in a 67-year-old woman who presented with abdominal discomfort. Pelvic ultrasound revealed a large, solid, irregular mass in close relation to the left ovary. The patient subsequently underwent a total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histologically, the tumor was composed of interlacing fascicles of spindle cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, hyperchromatic nuclei, and prominent nucleoli. Mitotic activity was high, with 24 mitoses in 10 high-power fields. Areas of necrosis and hemorrhage were present within the tumor. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed diffuse immunoreactivity for vimentin, muscle-specific actin, desmin, and caldesmon. The patient received chemotherapy postoperatively but subsequently developed disseminated metastatic disease (lung, liver, iliac lymph nodes, and peritoneum). Primary leiomyosarcomas arising from the ovarian vein are aggressive neoplasms, and the prognosis correlates with stage.
Supporting Non-Tenure-Track Faculty Well-Being
Authors: Seipel Matthew T. , Larson Lisa M.
Published: November 2016

Self-determination theory (SDT) was used to model the relations between environmental supports (i.e., administrative, departmental, personal and family) and well-being (i.e., teaching/service and global satisfaction) in 96 full-time non-tenure-track (NTT) faculty members, a growing population that has been underrepresented in the psychological and educational literature. Perceived relatedness and volitional autonomy were hypothesized to mediate the relations between the environmental supports and NTT faculty well-being. Results of path analysis indicated no significant direct effects for the environmental supports or volitional autonomy on well-being; perceived relatedness displayed significant direct effects on both indices of well-being. A bootstrap procedure yielded significant indirect effects for all environmental supports on well-being via perceived relatedness; administrative support displayed a marginally significant indirect effect via volitional autonomy. Results are discussed in terms of SDT and faculty well-being, and future directions for research are provided.
Task Significance and Performance
Authors: Allan Blake A. , Duffy Ryan D. , Collisson Bryan
Published: November 2016

The job characteristics model (JCM) predicts that task significance and work meaningfulness are related to greater job performance and that meaningfulness mediates the relation between task significance and job performance. However, these propositions have received limited attention, especially when linking meaningful work to job performance. Therefore, we tested claims from the JCM with a large, diverse sample of working adults using structural equation modeling. Results revealed that self-reported performance was significantly related to both meaningful work and task significance. Moreover, meaningful work fully mediated the relation between task significance and two measures of self-reported job performance. Limitations and implications for further research are discussed.
Association of Abnormal Metatarsal Parabola With Second Metatarsophalangeal Joint Plantar Plate Pathology
Authors: Fleischer Adam E. , Klein Erin E. , Ahmad Maheen , Shah Shivang , Catena Fernanda , Weil Lowell Scott , Weil Lowell
Published: November 2016

Background:

Plantar plate pathology is common, yet it is unclear whether, and to what extent, the length of the second metatarsal contributes to this problem.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective case-control (1:2) study to examine radiographic risk factors for plantar plate tears. One hundred patients (age 55.7 ± 12.3 years) with plantar plate injuries and 200 healthy controls (age 56.3 ± 11.3 years) were included. Cases were defined as patients with nonacute, isolated, plantar plate pathology of the second metatarsophalangeal joint confirmed by intraoperative inspection at a single foot and ankle specialty practice from June 1, 2007, to January 31, 2014. Patients presenting for pain outside of the forefoot served as the control group. Controls were matched on age (±2 years), gender, and year of presentation. Weight-bearing foot x-rays were assessed for several predetermined angular relationships by a single rater. Conditional logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for plantar plate injury.

Results:

A long second metatarsal, defined as a metatarsal protrusion index less than −4 mm, was the only significant risk factor for plantar plate pathology in both the univariate and multivariable analyses (multivariate odds ratio 2.5 [95% confidence interval 1.8 to 3.3], P = .002).

Conclusion:

We found that a long second metatarsal was a risk factor for developing second metatarsophalangeal joint plantar plate tears. This knowledge may aid foot and ankle surgeons when contemplating the need for second metatarsal shortening osteotomies (eg, Weil osteotomy) during plantar plate surgery and when deciding on the amount of shortening for second metatarsal osteotomies.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective comparative study.
“Whale Deaths” Are Unnatural
Authors: Ofori-Parku Sylvester Senyo
Published: November 2016

The past several decades have seen a shift in environmental and risk communication that emphasizes harnessing local knowledge to enhance environmental advocacy. As a result, one would expect local advocacy organizations to manifest this shift. Using Friends of the Nation (FoN; a Ghanaian local advocacy organization) as a case study, this research examines how FoN is constructing offshore oil production risks. The study found that FoN uses “whale deaths” as an exemplar of ecological risks associated with offshore oil production, even though in Ghanaian folk culture coastal communities view whale deaths as signs of bumper fish harvest. The article argues that the disconnect between the dominant frame and local meaning system could be explained in terms of FoN’s policymakers-facing as opposed (or in addition) to community residents-facing engagement approach. Recommendations for environmental advocacy are discussed.
What Explains the Differential Treatment of Renters Based on Ethnicity? New Evidence From Sydney
Authors: Galster George , MacDonald Heather , Nelson Jacqueline
Published: November 2016

This article conducts the first contextual analysis of ethnic-based discrimination in an Australian rental housing market: metropolitan Sydney. Logistic regression is employed to investigate how the likelihood of five behaviors by rental agents that may favor Anglo home seekers varies according to characteristics of the agent, home seeker, dwelling, and neighborhood. We find that several forms of discrimination favoring Anglos are consistently more likely in neighborhoods characterized by lower crime rates and shares of renter households, regardless of the ethnicity of the agent. Other patterns are consistent with the hypothesis that, in general in the Sydney rental market, agents regardless of ethnicity are motivated to discriminate by statistical discrimination. Our result that profit, not prejudice, drives discrimination implies that it will prove resilient to unfettered housing market forces and changes in societal ethnic tolerance, but instead, must be addressed through enhanced civil rights enforcement strategies.
The Moderating Role of Career Progression on Job Mobility: A Study of Work–Life Conflict
Authors: McGinley Sean P. , Martinez Larry
Published: November 2016

Employment and professional mobility are important aspects of life for both hospitality organizations and individual employees. Across two studies, we examine the effects of work–life conflict and actual (Study 1) and perceived (Study 2) progression in one’s career on hotel managers’ intentions to leave their organizations or leave the hotel industry altogether. In Study 1, positive relations between work–life conflict and turnover and career change intentions were found among actual hotel managers. Similarly, in Study 2, job seekers who were experimentally induced to expect higher work–life conflict in their future careers reported higher turnover and career change intentions. Across both studies, this effect was stronger among those with less progression in their careers. These results provide a more nuanced understanding of the high turnover rates in the hospitality industry, and we discuss how hospitality organizations can leverage this knowledge in managerial retention efforts.
Evaluation, Language, and Untranslatables
Authors: Dahler-Larsen Peter , Abma Tineke , Bustelo María , Irimia Roxana , Kosunen Sonja , Kravchuk Iryna , Minina Elena , Segerholm Christina , Shiroma Eneida , Stame Nicoletta , Tshali Charlie Kabanga
Published: November 2016

The issue of translatability is pressing in international evaluation, in global transfer of evaluative instruments, in comparative performance management, and in culturally responsive evaluation. Terms that are never fully understood, digested, or accepted may continue to influence issues, problems, and social interactions in and around and after evaluations. Their meanings can be imposed or reinvented. Untranslatable terms are not just “lost in translation” but may produce overflows that do not go away. The purpose of this article is to increase attention to the issue of translatability in evaluation by means of specific exemplars. We provide a short dictionary of such exemplars delivered by evaluators, consultants, and teachers who work across a variety of contexts. We conclude with a few recommendations: highlight frictions in translatability by deliberately circulating and discussing words of relevance that appear to be “foreign”; increase the language skills of evaluators; and make research on frictions in translation an articulate part of the agenda for research on evaluation.
Adolescent friendship challenges in a digital context
Authors: White Allison E , Weinstein Emily , Selman Robert L
Published: November 2016

The authors analyzed 300 stories about adolescents’ friendship challenges in order to explore the roles of digital technologies in contemporary friendship conflicts. An initial round of analysis facilitated the identification and subsequent classification of stories by five commonly described challenges: betrayal, isolation, meanness and harassment, concern about a Friend, and Maintenance Challenges. Drawing on previously identified features of exchanges in and through digital contexts, including scalability, persistence, replicability, and anonymity, the role of technology was then explored in the context of the five friendship challenges. Scalability, leveraging the affordance of efficiently reaching a broad audience, was the most common way technology amplified friendship challenges. However, technology also often functioned solely as the medium for communication. Additionally, adolescents described difficulties related to sexting as a contemporary friendship challenge. Implications for supporting youth in their friendships are discussed.
Penal reform, anti-carceral feminist campaigns and the politics of change in women’s prisons, Victoria, Australia
Authors: Carlton Bree
Published: November 2016

This paper emphasises the importance of locating contemporary abolitionist social movements within a continuum of broader struggles against structural injustice. Previous decades have seen the re-emergence of women’s penal reform programmes framed as progressive solutions for alleviating the structural disadvantages and harms associated with imprisonment. Abolitionists have provided fierce critiques of the risks these pose in reinforcing the legitimacy and scale of imprisonment. However, we have yet to articulate a clear vision regarding the utility of reform in relation to decarceration strategies. In presenting a critical exploration of anti-carceral feminist campaign work in Victoria, Australia, this paper advocates the need to move beyond the simplistically conceived dualism of reform and abolition. The analysis explores how anti-carceral feminists have used reform as a resistance strategy within Victorian anti-discrimination campaigns in the 1980s and 1990s. Placed in historical context, these campaigns demonstrate the transformative possibilities and risks associated with the necessary navigation and pursuit of reformist strategies that is fundamental to a politics and practice of abolition.
Social workers’ peculiar contribution to ethnographic research
Authors: de Montigny Gerald
Published: November 2016

Over generations, social workers have borrowed theories from sociology. However, sociologists have generally avoided borrowing theory from social work. By beginning with social work practice wisdom, we can unfold the complex elements organizing social work practice and by extension ethnographic research. Complexity and resulting uncertainty are antidotes for theoretical purity. Practice as grounded in life, that of client’s and social workers is inherently “dirty”, i.e., messy, disorganized, confusing, unfolding, and uncertain. Understandings and practices are accomplished in a connection of self to a profession, agency/organization, mandate and purpose, and ethical orientation, in interaction with colleagues and clients. Social workers take sides as they are grounded in an ethic of care. The challenge of developing an ethical practice in the face of difference, disagreement, disjunction, and conflict lead social workers to bracket, and hence reflect on the putative coherence of a “life world.” Face-to-face work with individuals rather than being a liability provides a source of knowledge and wisdom to inform social science generally.
Acute Type A Aortic Dissection Treated Using a Tubular Stent-Graft in the Ascending Aorta and a Multibranched Stent-Graft in the Aortic Arch
Authors: Kölbel Tilo , Detter Christian , Carpenter Sebastian W. , Rohlffs Fiona , von Kodolitsch Yskert , Wipper Sabine , Reichenspurner Herrmann , Debus E. Sebastian , Tsilimparis Nikolaos
Published: November 2016

Purpose: To describe the combined use of a tubular stent-graft for the ascending aorta and an inner-branched arch stent-graft for patients with acute type A aortic dissection. Technique: The technique to deploy these modular, custom-made stent-grafts is demonstrated in 2 patients with acute DeBakey type I aortic dissections and significant comorbidities precluding open surgery. Both emergent procedures were made possible by the availability of suitable devices manufactured for elective repair in other patients. After preliminary carotid-subclavian bypass, a long Lunderquist guidewire was introduced from the right femoral artery to the left ventricle for delivery of the Zenith Ascend and Zenith Branched Arch Endovascular Grafts under inflow occlusion. Bridging stent-grafts were delivered to the innominate and left common carotid arteries to connect to the 2 inner branches; the left subclavian artery was occluded. Both cases were technically successful and resulted in exclusion of the false lumen in the ascending aorta. The operating and fluoroscopy times did not exceed those of comparable elective procedures. The patients were rapidly extubated shortly after the procedure and without serious immediate complications. One patient survived 11 months with a satisfactory repair; the other succumbed to complications of recurrent pneumonia after 23 days. Conclusion: Endovascular treatment of patients with acute type A aortic dissection using a combination of tubular and branched stent-grafts in the ascending aorta is feasible and offers an alternative strategy to open surgery.
Commercial Public Service Broadcasting in the United Kingdom: Public Service Television, Regulation, and the Market
Authors: Ramsey Phil
Published: November 2016

The commercial public service broadcasters (PSBs) in the United Kingdom (UK) make a significant contribution to the country’s public service television system, alongside the BBC. Operating under the UK communications regulator Ofcom, the commercial PSB channels ITV, Channel 4, and Channel 5 are required to broadcast varying levels of public service content. This places these channels in a different category to all other market broadcasters in the UK. By taking a critical political economy of communication approach, this article examines how the regulatory system functions to secure public service provision in television. A particular focus is placed on the first-run originations quotas, which govern the levels of programming that are originally produced or commissioned by a commercial PSB, and broadcast for the first time in the UK. It is argued that while fulfilling the public service remit, the commercial PSBs gain significant benefits that contribute to the underpinning of their business models.
Psychometric Analysis of the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation–Screening Test: Extension to Low-Income African American Pre-Kindergarteners
Authors: Terry Nicole P. , Petscher Yaacov , Rhodes Katherine T.
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this study was to extend a previous investigation of the psychometrics of the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation–Screening Test (DELV-S) to include pre-kindergarten children (primarily African American and from low-income households). The previous study (Petscher, Connor, & Al Otaiba, 2012) included a racially and socioeconomically diverse sample of children in kindergarten through second grade. Similar to that study, two factors were found in the present study: one representing morphosyntactic ability and one representing nonword repetition ability. However, unlike the previous study, measurement invariance was not observed in the present sample. As a result, to allow for interpretation of performance in similar samples who would likely use the DELV-S, vertical scaling was used to create a new set of norms for ability scores and a new reference table for fall and spring of the pre-kindergarten school year.
A Mobile Application for Wound Assessment and Treatment
Authors: Jun Young Joon , Shin Donghyeok , Choi Whan Jun , Hwang Ji Hyeon , Kim Hoon , Kim Tae Gon , Lee Hyo Bo , Oh Tae Suk , Shin Hyun Woo , Suh Hyun Suk , Lee A-Young , Hong Joon Pio (Jp)
Published: November 2016

The D+Wound Solution is a mobile phone application (app) that assists users in the assessment and treatment of the wound. The app has 6 components for assessment: need for debridement, infection control, revascularization, and exudate control; whether it is chronic; and finally, the top surface of the skin. These components are named D.I.R.E.C.T. The app makes you review these components as an algorithm to provide a reasonable solution for dressing. It is designed to understand the status of the wound and provide a practical treatment idea for wound care providers. A total of 118 nurses were divided into 2 groups, designated as experienced and less-experienced groups, and surveyed. Both groups found the app to be helpful in making a treatment plan. However, the less-experienced group found it to be significantly more useful in assessing the wound ( P = .026) but difficult to understand the logic. The experienced group found the logic to be significantly easier to understand ( P = .018) and had significantly higher similarities ( P = .015) in treatment protocols compared with the less-experienced group. We may conclude that this app has a logical algorithm resembling experienced wound caregivers and is more useful in the less-experienced group.
Empathic media and advertising: Industry, policy, legal and citizen perspectives (the case for intimacy)
Authors: McStay Andrew
Published: November 2016

Drawing on interviews with people from the advertising and technology industry, legal experts and policy makers, this paper assesses the rise of emotion detection in digital out-of-home advertising, a practice that often involves facial coding of emotional expressions in public spaces. Having briefly outlined how bodies contribute to targeting processes and the optimisation of the ads themselves, it progresses to detail industrial perspectives, intentions and attitudes to data ethics. Although the paper explores possibilities of this sector, it pays careful attention to existing practices that claim not to use personal data. Centrally, it argues that scholars and regulators need to pay attention to the principle of intimacy. This is developed to counter weaknesses in privacy that is typically based on identification. Having defined technologies, use cases, industrial perspectives, legal views and arguments about jurisprudence, the paper discusses this ensemble of perspectives in light of a nationwide survey about how UK citizens feel about the potential for emotion detection in out-of-home advertising.
Jellyfish-Like Accessory Mitral Valve Tissue Causing Near-Collapse in a Young Child
Authors: Kato Hideyuki , Escudero Carolina , Sherwin Elizabeth , Hosking Martin , Gandhi Sanjiv K.
Published: November 2016

Accessory mitral valve tissue (AMVT) causing left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) is rare. We report a case of AMVT causing severe LVOTO resulting in acutely progressive symptoms of near-collapse. Urgent surgical resection eliminated the patient’s life-threatening symptoms. AMVT should be considered among potential LVOTO diagnoses, and early surgical intervention may be required.
Situs Inversus Totalis: Single-Stage Anatomic Repair of Complex Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Chatzis Andrew C. , Tsoutsinos Alexandros J. , Kanakis Meletios A. , Contrafouris Constantinos A. , Rammos Spyros , Mitropoulos Fotios A.
Published: November 2016

Transposition of the great arteries occurs rarely in patients with mirror image dextrocardia and situs inversus, while the combination with severe coarctation of the descending aorta (CoA) makes the anatomy even more unusual. Therefore, it is not surprising that a case with such unusual and complicated anatomy presents unique problems when a primary definitive correction is attempted. We report a patient with situs inversus totalis and complex congenital heart disease including transposition of the great arteries and severe CoA who underwent successful complete, single-stage, anatomic correction.
Fostering 21st-Century Evolutionary Reasoning: Teaching Tree Thinking to Introductory Biology Students
Authors: Novick Laura R. , Catley Kefyn M.
Published: November 2016

The ability to interpret and reason from Tree of Life (ToL) diagrams has become a vital component of science literacy in the 21st century. This article reports on the effectiveness of a research-based curriculum, including an instructional booklet, laboratory, and lectures, to teach the fundamentals of such tree thinking in an introductory biology class for science majors. We present the results of a study involving 117 undergraduates who received either our new research-based tree-thinking curriculum or business-as-usual instruction. We found greater gains in tree-thinking abilities for the experimental instruction group than for the business-as-usual group, as measured by performance on our novel assessment instrument. This was a medium size effect. These gains were observed on an unannounced test that was administered ∼5–6 weeks after the primary instruction in tree thinking. The nature of students’ postinstruction difficulties with tree thinking suggests that the critical underlying concept for acquiring expert-level competence in this area is understanding that any specific phylogenetic tree is a subset of the complete, unimaginably large ToL.
Practical Strategies for Collaboration across Discipline-Based Education Research and the Learning Sciences
Authors: Peffer Melanie , Renken Maggie
Published: November 2016

Rather than pursue questions related to learning in biology from separate camps, recent calls highlight the necessity of interdisciplinary research agendas. Interdisciplinary collaborations allow for a complicated and expanded approach to questions about learning within specific science domains, such as biology. Despite its benefits, interdisciplinary work inevitably involves challenges. Some such challenges originate from differences in theoretical and methodological approaches across lines of work. Thus, aims at developing successful interdisciplinary research programs raise important considerations regarding methodologies for studying biology learning, strategies for approaching collaborations, and training of early-career scientists. Our goal here is to describe two fields important to understanding learning in biology, discipline-based education research and the learning sciences. We discuss differences between each discipline’s approach to biology education research and the benefits and challenges associated with incorporating these perspectives in a single research program. We then propose strategies for building productive interdisciplinary collaboration.