bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PET/CT Improves the Definition of Complete Response and Allows to Detect Otherwise Unidentifiable Skeletal Progression in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Zamagni Elena , Nanni Cristina , Mancuso Katia , Tacchetti Paola , Pezzi Annalisa , Pantani Lucia , Zannetti Beatrice , Rambaldi Ilaria , Brioli Annamaria , Rocchi Serena , Terragna Carolina , Martello Marina , Marzocchi Giulia , Borsi Enrica , Rizzello Ilaria , Fanti Stefano , Cavo Michele
Published: June 2015

Purpose: To evaluate the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in 282 symptomatic multiple myeloma patients treated up-front between 2002 and 2012.

Experimental Design: All patients were studied by PET/CT at baseline, during posttreatment follow-up, and at the time of relapse. Their median duration of follow-up was 67 months.

Results: Forty-two percent of the patients at diagnosis had >3 focal lesions, and in 50% SUVmax was >4.2; extramedullary disease was present in 5%. On multivariate analysis, ISS stage 3, SUVmax >4.2, and failure to achieve best complete response (CR) were the leading factors independently associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). These 3 variables were used to construct a prognostic scoring system based on the number of risk factors. After treatment, PET/CT negativity (PET-neg) was observed in 70% of patients, whereas conventionally defined CR was achieved in 53%. Attainment of PET-neg favorably influenced PFS and OS. PET-neg was an independent predictor of prolonged PFS and OS for patients with conventionally defined CR. Sixty-three percent of patients experienced relapse or progression; in 12%, skeletal progression was exclusively detected by systematic PET/CT performed during follow-up. A multivariate analysis revealed that persistence of SUVmax >4.2 following first-line treatment was independently associated with exclusive PET/CT progression.

Conclusions: PET/CT combined with ISS stage and achievement or not of CR on first-line therapy sorted patients into different prognostic groups. PET/CT led to a more careful evaluation of CR. Finally, in patients with persistent high glucose metabolism after first-line treatment, PET/CT can be recommended during follow-up, to screen for otherwise unidentifiable progression. Clin Cancer Res; 21(19); 4384–90. ©2015 AACR.
Selecting High-Risk Individuals for Lung Cancer Screening: A Prospective Evaluation of Existing Risk Models and Eligibility Criteria in the German EPIC Cohort
Authors: Li Kuanrong , Hüsing Anika , Sookthai Disorn , Bergmann Manuela , Boeing Heiner , Becker Nikolaus , Kaaks Rudolf
Published: June 2015

Lung cancer risk prediction models are considered more accurate than the eligibility criteria based on age and smoking in identification of high-risk individuals for screening. We externally validated four lung cancer risk prediction models (Bach, Spitz, LLP, and PLCOM2012) among 20,700 ever smokers in the EPIC-Germany cohort. High-risk subjects were identified using the eligibility criteria applied in clinical trials (NELSON/LUSI, DLCST, ITALUNG, DANTE, and NLST) and the four risk prediction models. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) were calculated based on the lung cancers diagnosed in the first 5 years of follow-up. Decision curve analysis was performed to compare net benefits. The number of high-risk subjects identified by the eligibility criteria ranged from 3,409 (NELSON/LUSI) to 1,458 (NLST). Among the eligibility criteria, the DLCST produced the highest sensitivity (64.13%), whereas the NLST produced the highest specificity (93.13%) and PPV (2.88%). The PLCOM2012 model showed the best performance in external validation (C-index: 0.81; 95% CI, 0.76–0.86; E/O: 1.03; 95% CI, 0.87–1.23) and the highest sensitivity, specificity, and PPV, but the superiority over the Bach model and the LLP model was modest. All the models but the Spitz model showed greater net benefit over the full range of risk estimates than the eligibility criteria. We concluded that all of the lung cancer risk prediction models apart from the Spitz model have a similar accuracy to identify high-risk individuals for screening, but in general outperform the eligibility criteria used in the screening trials. Cancer Prev Res; 8(9); 777–85. ©2015 AACR.
Cancer Prevention Research in China
Authors: Yu Siwang , Yang Chung S. , Li Junyao , You Weicheng , Chen Jianguo , Cao Ya , Dong Zigang , Qiao Youlin
Published: June 2015

Although cancer incidence and mortality rates in the United States and some European countries have started to decrease, those in developing countries are increasing. China, the most populous developing country, is facing a serious challenge from cancer. Cancer incidence has been increasing for decades, and cancer is the leading cause of death in China. In 2012, the cancer incidence was 174.0 per 100,000, and the cancer mortality was 122.2 per 100,000 in China. In addition to the still-prevalent traditional Chinese cancers of the stomach, liver, esophagus, cervix, and nasopharynx, the incidence of “Western” cancers such those of the lung, breast, and colorectum has increased alarmingly in recent years. These increases are likely due to the lifestyle and environmental changes associated with rapid economic development and population aging. More importantly, a large portion of these cancers are preventable. Researchers in China have made important contributions to cancer prevention research, especially in the traditional Chinese cancers. More cancer prevention research and measures, especially on the major emerging cancers, are urgently needed. This review article highlights some of the past achievements and present needs in cancer prevention research in China and suggests important areas for future studies. Cancer Prev Res; 8(8); 662–74. ©2015 AACR.
Identification of Key Genes and Pathways in Renal Cell Carcinoma Through Expression Profiling Data
Authors: Liu Xiaoxia , Wang Jinling , Sun Guiling
Published: June 2015

Background/Aims: To isolate key genes and pathways in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which might reveal more evidences on the regulation network and contribute to pathogenic mechanisms of RCC. Methods: Microarray data of GSE34676, GSE23926 and GSE48008 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs were respectively screened using Limma package, followed by the selection of CNV associated genes and miRNAs. A multi-molecular regulation interaction network was constructed, and significant modules were subsequently isolated from the network by Molecular Complex Detection (Mcode) of Cytoscape. Finally, GO terms and KEGG pathways of these genes and miRNAs in significant modules were enriched using DAVID. Results: Total 403 DEGs and 231 differentially expressed miRNAs were screened in RCC samples and normal group. Moreover, 1369 genes and 68 miRNAs were isolated by CNV analysis. Besides, a total of 59 miRNAs and 209 genes that related to 340 interaction pairs were analyzed and used to construct the network and 2 significant modules were identified. In the modules, CAV1 and CAV2 were shown to correlate with RCC. GNAI1, GPSM2 and GNAO1 were likely involved in the regulation of RCC through G protein signal transduction. Besides, G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway, focal adhesion, MAPK signaling pathway and neuroactive ligand receptor interaction were enriched. Conclusion: Our study suggests that several crucial genes including CAV1,CAV2, GNAI1, GPSM2, and GNAO1 and pathways may play key roles in RCC progression.
The Cognitive Decline of Marshal Philippe Pétain
Authors: Jennekens Frans G.I.
Published: June 2015

In 1940, at the age of 84, Marshal Pétain was appointed the head of state and government of France. His health was excellent but he tired easily. He felt unable to learn and his memory was weak. During a crisis situation in 1942, he did not lead, plan and decide and he was replaced as head of government. From 1943 on, he was increasingly apathetic. In 1945/1946 he had difficulty finding words after a short conversation. A parliamentary committee concluded in 1947 that he was senile. His mental condition worsened in the years thereafter. In retrospect, it is clear that the final responsibility for the policies of the French government in the Second World War had rested on a man who was going through a predementia process of cognitive decline.
O lugar do patrimônio industrial na cidade contemporânea - atores, valores e embates: a trajetória das Indústrias Reunidas Francisco Matarazzo na Água Branca
Authors: Lessa Ana Lara Barbosa
Published: June 2015

Neste trabalho analisa-se a ação e os conflitos de vários atores sociais, compreendendo os diferentes valores atribuídos ao antigo conjunto das Indústrias Reunidas Francisco Matarazzo (IRFM) no bairro da Água Branca, no município de São Paulo-SP. São estudadas as justificativas e interesses que deram subsídio ao processo de tombamento do conjunto (iniciado em 1985) e também as diversas iniciativas de desenvolvimento urbano propostas para a área. Constatam-se as incoerências e sobreposições dos diferentes discursos e as mudanças dos valores atribuídos a um mesmo bem ao longo do tempo. Por fim, verifica-se a importância do diálogo entre as ações de preservação do patrimônio e de desenvolvimento urbano na cidade contemporânea.

 
Caracterização da argamassa de assentamento do Mosteirinho da Irmandade de São Francisco em Paudalho-PE
Authors: Souza Marília Lopes , Carneiro Arnaldo Manoel Pereira
Published: June 2015

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo realizado no Mosteirinho da Irmandade de São Francisco, um convento franciscano abandonado em Paudalho, município de Pernambuco. Foram realizadas a caracterização das argamassas de assentamento encontradas nesse edifício e a caracterização das areias encontradas próximo à construção, a fim de se fazer uma análise comparativa entre os compostos e se ter maior conhecimento acerca dos materiais utilizados. As amostras de argamassa foram submetidas a ensaios de granulometria por peneiramento, classificação petrográfica dos grãos, análises térmicas (ATG, DTG, ATD), fluorescência de raios X (FRX), difratometria de raios X (DRX) e microscopia, incluindo análise petrográfica e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). As amostras de areia foram submetidas a ensaio de distribuição granulométrica, classificação petrográfica dos grãos e microscopia óptica. Pelos ensaios realizados, verificou-se que as amostras de argamassa das paredes internas do edifício são compostas de barro, não tendo sido utilizada cal como aglomerante, enquanto a parede externa foi construída utilizando argamassa mista de barro e cal. As amostras de areia de rio possuem grande quantidade de fragmentos de conchas, e apresentam semelhança com o agregado de apenas umas das amostras analisadas. Isso é um indício de que a areia da região pode ter sido utilizada em pelo menos uma das fases de construção do edifício.  
Caminhos para proteção dos babaçuais e dos seus detentores culturais
Authors: Pereira Marielle Rodrigues
Published: June 2015

O artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a aplicação do Inventário Nacional de Referências Culturais (INRC) e o uso das indicações geográficas como instrumentos complementares às políticas de salvaguarda do patrimônio ambiental e cultural, no que tange à conservação da biodiversidade e à proteção da reprodução cultural, social, ancestral e econômica dos povos tradicionais da região norte do Tocantins que vivem em função do babaçu.

 
Historicidade e aspectos centrais da política federal do patrimônio cultural imaterial: uma interpretação
Authors: Amaral Leandro Ribeiro do
Published: June 2015

A prática de valoração e preservação de bens representativos do patrimônio histórico e artístico nacional é oficialmente antiga no Brasil. Entretanto, só recentemente, a partir do entendimento que o patrimônio cultural também é composto de bens culturais de natureza imaterial, as diversas práticas e manifestações culturais passaram a integrar o Patrimônio Cultural do Brasil. Neste artigo, sob a luz da noção de historicidade, buscamos sublinhar os principais marcos da política federal referentes ao patrimônio imaterial, o seu momento de construção e os atores envolvidos nesse processo. Não se ofuscando pela neblina que o discurso de uma antiga ancestralidade da política do patrimônio imaterial acarreta, sobretudo ao irmaná-la às ideias e ações de Mário de Andrade, objetivamos identificar os aspectos centrais da recente política, aspectos que a tornam sem precedente na trajetória das ações de preservação do patrimônio cultural no Brasil.
Uma narrativa oral em uma oficina terapêutica: um rastro da alteridade
Authors: Santos Verônica Lopes dos , Tfouni Leda Verdiani
Published: June 2015

Este trabalho visa analisar uma narrativa oral construída por duas crianças, com diagnósticos estruturais diferentes, em uma oficina terapêutica denominada Grupo Mix, do Lugar de Vida - Centro de Educação Terapêutica. Partimos do princípio de que as narrativas orais podem servir para o sujeito como uma forma de lidar com a falta no/do Outro. Para essas crianças, o encontro em uma Oficina Mix possibilita o surgimento de narrativas que podem propiciar o laço social e alguma elaboração sobre a linguagem. A análise aponta que é preciso romper com a ideologia vigente no discurso pedagógico acerca do tratamento de crianças com autismo, apostando em um sujeito.
A família como resíduo
Authors: Bernardino Leda Mariza Fischer
Published: June 2015

A família como resíduo
O sofrimento da criança pequena maltratada e seus pais
Authors: Govindama Yolande
Published: June 2015

As estatísticas francesas mostram que um grande número de maus-tratos dirigidos a crianças de 0 a 3 anos passa despercebido por causa da negação dos pais. Os laços das crianças dessa idade ainda são tão psiquicamente alienados a seus pais que elas não conseguem expressar seu próprio sofrimento. Nos pais abusadores, a relembrança de sua própria infância não os deixa diferenciarem-se de suas crianças. Esse laço pais-criança, estruturado a partir da identificação projetiva patológica, implica um dispositivo clínico especial para o tratamento pais - criança. Esse dispositivo singular possibilita diferenciar a criança real dessa relação alienante. Isso será ilustrado por meio de um caso clínico.
Differences in Complication Rates Between Large Bore Needle and a Long Micropuncture Needle During Epicardial Access
Authors: Gunda Sampath , Reddy Madhu , Pillarisetti Jayasree , Atoui Moustapha , Badhwar Nitish , Swarup Vijay , DiBiase Luigi , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Mohanty Prashanth , Nagaraj Hosakote , Ellis Christopher , Rasekh Abdi , Cheng Jie , Bartus Krzysztof , Lee Randall , Natale Andrea , Lakkireddy Dhanunjaya
Published: June 2015

Background—

A dry epicardial access (EA) is increasingly used for advanced cardiovascular procedures. Conventionally used large bore needles (Tuohy or Pajunk needle; LBN) have been associated with low but definite incidence of major complications with EA. Use of micropuncture needle (MPN) may decrease the risk of complications. We intended to compare the outcomes of LBN with MPN for EA.

Methods and Results—

We report a multicenter observational study of consecutive patients who underwent EA for ventricular tachycardia ablation or Lariat procedure using the LBN or MPN. Oral anticoagulation was stopped before the procedure. Baseline characteristics and procedure-related complications were collected and compared. Of the 404 patients, LBN and MPN were used in 46% and 54% of patients, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of inadvertent puncture of myocardium between LBN and MPN (7.6% versus 6.8%,
P
=0.76). However, there was a significantly higher rate of large pericardial effusions with LBN compared with MPN (8.1% versus 0.9%;
P
<0.001). The incidence of pleural effusions were not significantly different between both (1.6% versus 2.3%;
P
=0.64). LBN group had an increase in other complications compared with MPN (open heart surgery to repair cardiac laceration [6 versus 0], injury to liver [1 versus 0], coronaries [1 versus 0], and superior epigastric artery requiring surgical exploration [0 versus 1]).

Conclusions—

The use of MPN is associated with decreased incidence of major complications, and the need for surgical repair and routine use should be considered for EA.
Is the Association of Hypertension With Cardiovascular Events Stronger Among the Lean and Normal Weight Than Among the Overweight and Obese?
Authors: Colangelo Laura A. , Vu Thanh-Huyen T. , Szklo Moyses , Burke Gregory L. , Sibley Christopher , Liu Kiang
Published: June 2015

Previous studies that suggest the association of hypertension with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events is stronger in the lean/normal weight than in the obese have either included smokers, diabetics, or cancer patients, or did not account for central obesity. This study examines the interaction of adiposity with hypertension on CVD events using body mass index (BMI)–based definitions of overweight and obesity, as well as waist circumference (WC) to assess adiposity. In the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, we classified 3657 nonsmoking men and women, free of baseline clinical CVD, diabetes mellitus and cancer, into 7 BMI–WC combinations defined by ethnicity-specific BMI (normal, overweight, class 1 obese, and class 2/3 obese) and ethnicity- and sex-specific WC categories (optimal or nonoptimal). Adjusted absolute event rates per 1000 person-years and relative risks (95% confidence intervals) for CVD events for hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 or taking medication) versus no hypertension computed within adiposity categories were 9.3 versus 1.9 and 4.96 (2.56–9.60) for normal BMI/optimal WC, 13.2 versus 4.2 and 3.13 (0.99–9.86) for normal BMI/nonoptimal WC, 9.0 versus 4.5 and 2.00 (1.19–3.36) for overweight BMI/optimal WC, 8.4 versus 5.6 and 1.50 (0.88–2.54) for overweight BMI/nonoptimal WC,14.1 versus 2.1 and 6.75 (0.69–65.57) for class 1 obese/optimal WC, 10.1 versus 3.7 and 2.69 (1.41–5.16) for class 1 obese/nonoptimal WC, and 9.9 versus 6.9 and 1.45(0.60–3.52) for class 2/3 obese/WC pooled. This study found a large relative risk of CVD events associated with hypertension for normal BMI participants and more importantly similarly high absolute risks for both normal and obese BMI with hypertension.
Renal Resistive Index and Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Toledo Clarisse , Thomas George , Schold Jesse D. , Arrigain Susana , Gornik Heather L. , Nally Joseph V. , Navaneethan Sankar D.
Published: June 2015

Renal resistive index (RRI) measured by Doppler ultrasonography is associated with cardiovascular events and mortality in hypertensive, diabetic, and elderly patients. We studied the factors associated with high RRI (
≥
0.70) and its associations with mortality in chronic kidney disease patients without renal artery stenosis. We included 1962 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 15 to 59 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
who also had RRI measured (January 1, 2005, to October 2011) from an existing chronic kidney disease registry. Participants with renal artery stenosis (60%–99% or renal artery occlusion) were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to study factors associated with high RRI (≥0.70), and its association with mortality was studied using Kaplan–Meier plots and Cox proportional hazards model. Hypertension was prevalent in >90% of the patients. In the multivariable logistic regression, older age, female sex, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, higher systolic blood pressure, and the use of β blockers were associated with higher odds of having RRI≥0.70. During a median follow-up of 2.2 years, 428 patients died. After adjusting for covariates, RRI≥0.70 was associated with increased mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.65;
P
<0.05). This association was more pronounced among younger patients and those with stage 3 chronic kidney disease. Noncardiovascular/non–malignancy-related deaths were higher in those with RRI
≥
0.70. RRI
≥
0.70 is associated with higher mortality in hypertensive chronic kidney disease patients without clinically significant renal artery stenosis after accounting for other significant risk factors. Its evaluation may allow early identification of those who are at risk thereby potentially preventing or delaying adverse outcomes.
ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Thrombus Aspiration, and Different Invasive Strategies. A TASTE Trial Substudy
Authors: Fröbert Ole , Calais Fredrik , James Stefan K. , Lagerqvist Bo
Published: June 2015

Background

The clinical effect of thrombus aspiration in
ST
‐elevation myocardial infarction may depend on the type of aspiration catheter and stenting technique.

Methods and Results

The multicenter, prospective, randomized, open‐label trial Thrombus Aspiration in
ST
‐Elevation myocardial infarction in Scandinavia (
TASTE
) did not demonstrate a clinical benefit of thrombus aspiration compared to percutaneous coronary intervention alone. We assessed the effect of type of aspiration device, stent type, direct stenting, and postdilatation on outcomes at 1 year. There was no difference in all‐cause mortality, between the 3 most frequently used aspiration catheters (Eliminate [Terumo] 5.4%, Export [Medtronic] 5.0%, Pronto [Vascular Solutions] 4.5%) in patients randomized to thrombus aspiration. There was no difference in mortality between directly stented patients randomized to thrombus aspiration compared to patients randomized to percutaneous coronary intervention only (risk ratio 1.08, 95%
CI
0.70 to 1.67,
P
=0.73). Similarly, there was no difference in mortality between the 2 randomized groups for patients receiving drug‐eluting stents (risk ratio 0.89, 95%
CI
0.63 to 1.26,
P
=0.50) or for those treated with postdilation (risk ratio 0.72, 95%
CI
0.49 to 1.07,
P
=0.11). Furthermore, there was no difference in rehospitalization for myocardial infarction or stent thrombosis between the randomized arms in any of the subgroups.

Conclusions

In patients with
ST
‐elevation myocardial infarction randomized to thrombus aspiration, the type of aspiration catheter did not affect outcome. Stent type, direct stenting, or postdilation did not affect outcome irrespective of treatment with thrombus aspiration and percutaneous coronary intervention or percutaneous coronary intervention alone.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
: ClinicalTrials.gov. Unique identifier:
NCT
01093404,
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01093404
.
Active Learning Using Hint Information
Authors: Li Chun-Liang , Ferng Chun-Sung , Lin Hsuan-Tien
Published: June 2015

The abundance of real-world data and limited labeling budget calls for active learning, an important learning paradigm for reducing human labeling efforts. Many recently developed active learning algorithms consider both uncertainty and representativeness when making querying decisions. However, exploiting representativeness with uncertainty concurrently usually requires tackling sophisticated and challenging learning tasks, such as clustering. In this letter, we propose a new active learning framework, called hinted sampling, which takes both uncertainty and representativeness into account in a simpler way. We design a novel active learning algorithm within the hinted sampling framework with an extended support vector machine. Experimental results validate that the novel active learning algorithm can result in a better and more stable performance than that achieved by state-of-the-art algorithms. We also show that the hinted sampling framework allows improving another active learning algorithm designed from the transductive support vector machine.
Insights to the mating strategies of Habronattus americanus jumping spiders from natural behaviour and staged interactions in the wild
Authors: Blackburn Gwylim S. , Maddison Wayne P.
Published: June 2015

We documented natural behaviour and staged intersexual interactions ofHabronattusamericanusjumping spiders in the wild in order to clarify three aspects of their mating strategies: (1) Do males invest more than females in locomotory mate search? (2) Do females exert strong mate choice? (3) Do direct contests occur among males? Males apparently invested heavily in mate search, travelling more than females yet eating nothing. Conversely, females frequently hunted and spent 10% of their time feeding. Females encountered one male per hour, likely affording them a high degree of choice among prospective mates. Accordingly, they promoted the termination of each interaction and ultimately rejected nearly all courting males. Male–male interactions were brief and did not feature direct antagonism. Our findings suggest that mate competition inH. americanusis characterized by male scramble competition for dispersed females, and that female mate choice may exert strong selection on male sexual display traits.
A Phenomenological Analysis of the Experience of Security and Contentment for Latency Aged Children in Shared-time Parenting Arrangements
Authors: Sadowski Christina , McIntosh Jennifer E.
Published: June 2015

This study explored the lived experience of security and contentment, and their absence, for latency-aged children (aged 8–12) living in shared-time parenting arrangements following their parents’ separation. A descriptive phenomenological methodology was utilized (Giorgi, 1985, 2009; Giorgi & Giorgi, 2003, 2008). Sixteen children living in shared-time were interviewed about their experiences of two phenomena: “feeling secure and content living in shared-time” and “not feeling secure and content living in shared-time.” The eight richest protocols were selected for analysis. The two resultant general structures and their core constituents are presented, and individual variations discussed. Central to each phenomenon is the parent/s’ capacity, or incapacity, to create and sustain a physical and emotional space in which the child feels secure and held in the mind, feels the arrangements are responsive to their needs, feels free to access the “absent” parent, and experiences integration between the two parental homes. Implications for phenomenological human science research are considered, including the use of descriptive phenomenology with children.
The Relationship Between Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness and Infarct-Related Artery Patency in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sen Fatih , Yilmaz Samet , Balci Kevser Gülcihan , Gül Murat , Balci Mustafa Mücahit , Akboga Mehmet Kadri , Topaloglu Serkan , Temizhan Ahmet , Aras Dursun , Aydogdu Sinan
Published: June 2015

We investigated the relationship between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and infarct-related artery (IRA) patency before mechanical reperfusion in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients (n = 640) were divided into 2 groups based on the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade. Impaired flow was defined as TIMI grades 0, 1, and 2, and normal flow was defined as TIMI 3. On the admission angiography, 65 (10.2%) patients had TIMI 3 flow, and the remaining 575 (89.8%) had TIMI 0, 1, or 2 flow. The impaired flow group patients had a higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (53.7% vs 41.5%, P = .035), higher EAT thickness (5.66 ± 1.84 vs 4.87 ± 2.09 mm, P = .001), and lower ejection fraction (43.1% ± 8.9% vs 47.4% ± 9.1%, P = .025). Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that IRA patency was independently associated with EAT thickness (odds ratio [OR] 0.785; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.712-0.858; P = .001) and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (OR 0.815; 95% CI 0.732-0.917; P = .025). Thickness of EAT was an independent predictor of lower TIMI flow in IRA in patients with STEMI.
Harmonic Scalpel and Electrothermal Bipolar Vessel Sealing System in Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Tirelli Giancarlo , Camilot Debora , Bonini Pierluigi , Del Piero Giulia Carolina , Biasotto Matteo , Quatela Eliana
Published: June 2015

Objectives:

Define and compare the thermal nerve injury caused by 3 different vessel sealing and dissection devices: the harmonic scalpel (HS), the electrothermal bipolar vessel sealing system (EBVS), and the bipolar electrosurgery unit (BE).

Methods:

First we recorded the heating variations in pig tissue caused by a BE unit, HS, and EBVS after an activation for 5, 10, and 15 seconds at minimum and at maximum power. In the second part, we evaluated the histological damage caused by HS and EBVS on 20 in vivo human nerves, 10 per device. The 2 scalpels were placed and activated at 3 different distances from the nerve (1, 3, and 5 mm). The extension and the degree of the nerve lesion was then calculated.

Results:

The instrument determining the highest rise in temperature was the BE unit, followed by HS and then EBVS. Comparison between the extension and degree of nerve injury caused by the 2 scalpels showed no statistically significant differences. Based on these evaluations, we established a relative safety limit at 3 mm and an absolute safety limit at 5 mm for both scalpels.

Conclusions:

Our data suggest EBVS and HS can be considered valid and safe devices for ENT surgery.
Postsecondary academic achievement and first-episode psychosis: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Roy Laurence , Rousseau Jacqueline , Fortier Pierre , Mottard Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2015

Background.

Postsecondary academic achievement as an area of functional recovery for young adults living with mental illness has received little research attention.

Purpose.

This study had three purposes: to compare rates of participation, performance, and satisfaction in postsecondary education between young adults with first-episode psychosis and closely matched young adults; to identify characteristics associated with academic participation; and to explore the processes associated with educational experiences.

Method.

One hundred young adults ages 18 to 30 participated in the study. Quantitative data on academic engagement, performance, and satisfaction, and qualitative data ( n = 52) on academic experiences were integrated through pattern analyzes.

Findings.

Young adults with psychosis were significantly less likely to be engaged in postsecondary education. No difference appeared for the extent of engagement, but performance and satisfaction were lower among participants with psychosis. Participants engaged in reflexive decision making to access postsecondary education and to maintain adequate academic performance. Strategies used by successful students with mental illness were identified.

Implications.

Assessment and intervention focused on educational needs and skills should become landmark practices for psychiatric rehabilitation practitioners, including occupational therapists.
Social networks and participation with others for youth with learning, attention, and autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Kreider Consuelo M. , Bendixen Roxanna M. , Young Mary Ellen , Prudencio Stephanie M. , McCarty Christopher , Mann William C.
Published: June 2015

Background.

Social participation involves activities and roles providing interactions with others, including those within their social networks.

Purpose.

This study sought to characterize social networks and participation with others for 36 youth, ages 11 to 16 years, with ( n = 19) and without ( n = 17) learning disability, attention disorder, or high-functioning autism.

Method.

Social networks were measured using methods of personal network analysis. The Children’s Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment With Whom dimension scores were used to measure participation with others. Youth from the clinical group were interviewed regarding their experiences within their social networks.

Findings.

Group differences were observed for six social network variables and in the proportion of overall, physical, recreational, social, and informal activities engaged with family and/or friends. Qualitative findings explicated strategies used in building, shaping, and maintaining social networks.

Implications.

Social network factors should be considered when seeking to understand social participation.
Test–retest reliability of self-reported sexual health measures among US Hispanic adolescents
Authors: Jerman Petra , Berglas Nancy F , Rohrbach Louise A , Constantine Norman A
Published: June 2015

Objective:

Although Hispanic adolescents in the USA are often the focus of sexual health interventions, their response to survey measures has rarely been assessed within evaluation studies. This study documents the test–retest reliability of a wide range of self-reported sexual health values, attitudes, knowledge and behaviours among Hispanic adolescents from low-income, urban communities.

Method:

Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for sexual health scales (knowledge, values about condom use, parent communication, protection self-efficacy and condom-use intentions) in a 2-week sample ( N = 86). Cohen’s kappa and the intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for behaviours (romantic and sexual behaviours, and sexual health services history) in two separate 2-week samples ( N = 86, N = 202). Selected behaviours were also examined for retractions in both 2-week samples and in a 1-year sample ( N = 291).

Results:

Among sexual health scales, test–retest reliability ranged from .37 for condom-use intentions to .93 for parent communication. Among behaviours, reliability ranged from 0.27 for use of sexual health services to 1.00 for use of birth control at first sex. Retractions ranged from below 10% for ever having had a steady partner to 50% or more for sexual health services and testing.

Conclusion:

Test–retest reliability differed greatly across self-reported sexual health values, attitudes, knowledge and behaviours for the three samples of Hispanic adolescents. Overall, however, most items and scales showed good to excellent reliability (i.e. a coefficient greater than .60), suggesting that Hispanic adolescents are moderately to highly stable reporters in response to sexual health measures.
Banknotes from the Underground: Counterfeiting and the International Order in Interwar Europe
Authors: Petruccelli David
Published: June 2015

In December 1925, a group of Hungarian nationalists were caught trying to put into circulation a large quantity of counterfeit francs in a bid to weaken the French economy and fund irredentist action in Central Europe. This article uses this plot and police investigations to examine the central role of counterfeiting in international crime control and policing in interwar Europe and to make broader claims about interwar internationalism. Earlier Hungarian plots targeting neighboring states’ currencies had paved the way for the founding of the International Criminal Police Commission, today known as Interpol, and prompted European jurists to develop ideas about international criminal law. France initially used its investigations in 1925 as a tool of power politics, hoping to reshape the political order in Central Europe. Once this effort failed, France sought other means to assert authority in Europe, appealing to the League of Nations to draft an international convention on counterfeiting. The resulting convention laid the institutional and ideological bases for an expansion of international policing and law in the 1930s. The counterfeiting plot reveals the shifting power relations in 1920s Europe and points to the interconnections between ‘utopian’ internationalism and ‘realist’ security concerns on the continent.
Borne Forward Ceaselessly Into Love
Authors: Selig Jennifer Leigh
Published: June 2015

In this article, I develop a theory of a hermeneutics of love, defined as the act of interpreting with love, through love, and for love, including the intention to take action on behalf of love. Declaring love as my gospel, I begin with the “genesis” of this theory, with how I came to develop it, and I end with the “revelations” that came as I applied this theory in my life and teaching. In between, I utilize a case study of Martin Luther King, Jr. during the Civil Rights Movement, showing how King was a practitioner par excellence of a hermeneutics of love. King elevated agape, defined as unconditional love for all of humanity, even one’s enemies, into the sociocultural and political realm with the intention of effecting integration and engendering the beloved community. The article concludes with some reflections on agape, wondering if it is an impossible dream for those who are not Kings, and where that leaves those of us who are committed to the principle and practice of love.
Social-Cognitive Predictors of Readiness to Use Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Pfaller Joseph S. , Tu Wei-Mo , Morrison Blaise , Chan Fong , Owens Laura , Anderson Catherine A. , Fitzgerald Sandra , Brooks Jessica , Menz Fredrick E.
Published: June 2015

Community-based rehabilitation organizations (CBRO) play an important role in providing rehabilitation and support services to individuals with disabilities. Increased utilization of CBROs by state vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies requires a better understanding of how evidence-based practices (EBPs) are used in CBROs. The aim of the study was to examine the readiness of CBRO practitioners to implement EBP, based on social-cognitive predictors of confidence in knowledge and use of EBP, expected benefits of EBP, and perceived barriers and supports to use EBP. A total of 187 CBRO practitioners were surveyed using the Evidence-Based Practice CBRO (EBP-CBRO) survey. Participants were in moderate agreement that they were ready to implement EBP. They were moderately confident in their knowledge about EBP, in high agreement about the expected improvements by using EBP, and perceived low barriers and moderate supports to implementing EBP. The social-cognitive predictors accounted for 55% of the variance in readiness to implement EBP, with knowledge about EBP as the most significant predictor of readiness to use EBP. Social-cognitive theory is a useful framework for exploring CBRO practitioners’ attitudes toward and knowledge of EBP. CBRO practitioners are in moderate agreement about readiness to use EBP. Improving practitioner confidence to use EBP might be the best means of increasing utilization.
Positioning Food Cultures: ‘Alternative’ Food as Distinctive Consumer Practice
Authors: Paddock Jessica
Published: June 2015

Many sociological studies to date have explored the role of food in marking distinctions between groups. Less well understood is how ‘alternative’ means of food consumption become figured in such relations. Drawing on accounts of food practice derived from 20 in-depth interviews and a two-year period of participant observation, this article considers the role of class culture in the practice of alternative food consumption. As participants speak their position, expressions of class arise through discussions of food practice. Having explored how food plays a part in marking boundaries of distinction between foods ‘for us’ and ‘for them’, we are reminded that in reproducing certain ideas about proper eating, we confine our imagining of alternative food futures to a limited politics of the possible. The article highlights implications for future development of equitable alternatives to conventional foodways.
Informal Rules and Institutional Balances on the Boards of EU Agencies
Authors: Font Nuria
Published: June 2015

Recent research has paid increasing attention to the institutional dynamics of EU agencies in post-delegation but has barely explored the conditions under which patterns of informality shifting institutional power balances are likely to emerge on agency boards. Based on documentary analysis and 60 semi-structured interviews covering 22 agencies, this article examines under what conditions boards’ formal configurations in which the Member States hold a majority are informally altered to the advantage of the Commission. The article argues that functional motivations are present in the emergence of informal rules empowering the Commission, but those rationales are conditional to distributional considerations.
The Coalition of Labor Union Women
Authors: Kirton Gill
Published: June 2015

Coalition of Labor Union Women (CLUW) celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2014, making it a timely moment to re-examine this unique labor movement women’s organization. CLUW is widely acknowledged for its contribution to the gendered transformation of U.S. unions—this article examines whether it is still a space of social creativity and a force for social change. It does so in the context of three major challenges facing CLUW and other women’s groups/union organizations in the contemporary era: (1) the autonomy-integration challenge; (2) the diversity challenge; (3) the membership-activism challenge.
Is an FBI Agent a DIY Biologist Like Any Other? A Cultural Analysis of a Biosecurity Risk
Authors: Tocchetti Sara , Aguiton Sara Angeli
Published: June 2015

Biotechnology's promises has been widely recognized as a major enterprise accelerating the commodification of the biological. After the 9/11 events and the subsequent anthrax letters, biotechnologies have additionally been described as contributing to the construction of biosecurity risks. This paper proposes to investigate the collaboration between the FBI and the DIYbio (Do-It-Yourself biology) network as a case study illustrating the productive entanglement of biological risks and promises. To do so, the paper explores the social construction of risks and promises associated with the vision of distributed biotechnologies as enacted in this collaboration. We argue that the FBI needs to police the DIYbio network in order to disseminate a specific notion of bioterrorist risk, while, in a counter-intuitive manner, the DIYbio network benefits from being policed by the FBI as it helps them disseminate their socio-technological vision. If the entanglement of technoscientific risks and promises is a well established finding of the STS literature, our case study suggests that such entanglement now additionally comprises the sphere of biosecurity and the promises of a distributed biotechnology available to everyone.
Metallothionein Expression in Dogs With Chronic Hepatitis and Its Correlation With Hepatic Fibrosis, Inflammation, and Ki-67 Expression
Authors: Sridharan S. , Allen A. L. , Kidney B. , Al-Dissi A. N.
Published: June 2015

The chronic form of primary hepatitis occurs commonly in dogs, and the etiology is rarely found. Metallothionein (MT) is a heavy metal–binding protein found in many organs, including the liver. MT was recently shown to enhance liver regeneration and decrease hepatic fibrosis in human beings. This study examined the expression of MT in 24 cases of chronic hepatitis in dogs using immunohistochemistry. To understand the role of MT as a determinant of hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, bile duct proliferation, and regeneration, we correlated its expression with histologic lesions of chronic hepatitis, such as hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and bile duct proliferation, as well as hepatocellular growth fraction as measured by Ki67 immunolabeling. Hepatocellular growth fraction was used as a measure of hepatic regeneration. Regression analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between MT labeling intensity and growth fraction ( r2 = 0.29, P < .05). The percentage of MT-positive cells and the overall MT expression were both positively correlated with growth fraction ( r2 = 0.25 and 0.26, respectively; P < .05). A negative correlation was found between the overall MT labeling and fibrosis ( r2 = 0.18, P < .05). A similar trend of negative correlation was also found between the percentage of MT-positive cells and fibrosis, but the P value was not statistically significant ( r2 = 0.14, P = .0684). These findings suggest a protective role of MT in dogs affected by chronic hepatitis, similar to its role in human beings. These dogs may respond to treatment modules focusing on enhancing the expression of MT.
Equine Odontoclastic Tooth Resorption and Hypercementosis
Authors: Smedley R. C. , Earley E. T. , Galloway S. S. , Baratt R. M. , Rawlinson J. E.
Published: June 2015

Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH) is a painful progressive condition of older horses that involves multiple teeth, including canines and incisors. EOTRH is uncommonly recognized by veterinary pathologists and in some cases may be misdiagnosed as cementoblastoma. The cause is unknown. The goals of this study were to describe the histopathologic features of EOTRH in 17 affected horses from the United States and to increase awareness of this condition. Samples ranged from affected tooth to the entire rostral mandible and maxilla. Affected teeth exhibited cemental hyperplasia and lysis. The marked proliferation of cementum in severe cases caused bulbous enlargement of the intra-alveolar portions of affected teeth. Several teeth contained necrotic debris, bacteria, and plant material in the regions of cemental lysis. All horses exhibited dentinal lysis in at least affected tooth, and several contained necrotic debris in these regions. Endodontic disease was often present with inflammation, lysis, necrotic debris, fibrosis, and/or a thin rim of atubular mineralized tissue in the pulp cavity. Periodontal disease was a common feature that was primarily characterized by moderate lymphoplasmacytic inflammation. Resorption with secondary hypercementosis appears to begin on the external surface of the teeth rather than within the pulp cavity. Distinguishing EOTRH from other diseases requires a complete history that includes the number and location of affected teeth, a gross description of regional hard/soft tissue health, and radiographic findings.
The Biology of Aging
Authors: Kaeberlein M.
Published: June 2015

A fundamental goal of research into the basic mechanisms of aging is to develop translational strategies that improve human health by delaying the onset and progression of age-related pathology. Several interventions have been discovered that increase life span in invertebrate organisms, some of which have similar effects in mice. These include dietary restriction and inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin by treatment with rapamycin. Key challenges moving forward will be to assess the extent to which these and other interventions improve healthy longevity and increase life span in mice and to develop practical strategies for extending this work to the clinic. Companion animals may provide an optimal intermediate between laboratory models and humans. By improving healthy longevity in companion animals, important insights will be gained regarding human aging while improving the quality of life for people and their pets.
A Luta Continua: radical filmmaking, Pan-African liberation and communal empowerment
Authors: Parrott R. Joseph
Published: June 2015

While the anti-apartheid movement has emerged as the premier illustration of transnational solidarity activism, little attention has been paid to the earlier success of the Portuguese African liberation movements. During the 1970s, parties like Mozambique’s FRELIMO established global alliance networks that helped sell their revolutions to ambivalent western societies. In the African American community, the construction of these transnational linkages was aided tremendously by radical filmmaking in the form of American Robert Van Lierop’s A Luta Continua. This transnational collaboration created a film that captured the universal and practical elements of FRELIMO ideology in a way that became a model for local organising, particularly in the African American community. Activists concerned about solidarity with southern Africa, communal control of resources and racial equality all used Van Lierop’s interpretation of FRELIMO’s socialism in A Luta Continua to construct grassroots movements that would spread nationally in the 1970s and lay the groundwork for more familiar anti-apartheid activism in the next decade.