bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum magnesium level in febrile children with or without simple febrile seizures from 6 months to 5 years of age: A case-control study
Authors: Kanwar Rajesh , Makwana Mohan , Choudhary Shyama , Choudhary Tamanna , Jat Suresh , Haritwal Priyanka
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

Febrile seizure is the most common type of seizure (2–4%) in children. Imbalance in electrolytes, especially hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia predispose to all seizures, including febrile seizures. The objective of this study was to compare the serum electrolytes, especially magnesium levels in febrile children presenting with and without episodes of simple febrile seizure.

Materials and Methods:

An institution-based age- and sex-matched case-control study done between May and October of 2022, involved 60 children aged 6 months to 5 years, divided into 30 cases (febrile children with seizure) and 30 controls (febrile children without seizure). Detailed history including past, birth, and family history was obtained, and serum magnesium, sodium, potassium, and calcium level estimations were done for each participant.

Results:

The mean serum magnesium of the febrile seizure group was 1.6 ± 0.8 mg/dL, while that for the control group was 2.2 ± 0.3 mg/dL. Similarly, the mean serum calcium levels of the study participants recruited to the febrile seizure group was 8.4 ± 1.1 mg/dL, while that for the participants recruited to the control group was 9.4 ± 0.5 mg/dL. On analysis, it was seen that the serum magnesium and calcium levels were significantly lower among cases than controls (P < 0.001). However, participants did not differ significantly between the two groups with respect to serum sodium and potassium levels.

Conclusion:

Mean serum magnesium and calcium levels of children suffering from simple febrile seizures were significantly lower than that of the control children, therefore maintaining optimum serum magnesium and calcium levels should be prioritized in febrile children to prevent the development of simple febrile children among them febrile seizure.
Bibliometrik: Konsistensi work engagement dan korelasinya pada organizational outcome
Authors: Rosyanti Daisy Marthina , Mandasari Virginia
Published: December 2024

Work engagement telah menjadi tren terkini dalam studi ilmu sumber daya manusia atas eksitensinya dan kontribusinya pada organizational outcome, baik bagi organisasi yang bergerak di sektor publik maupun sektor privat. Pada perkembangannya, hasil penelitian terbaru tentang work engagement semakin banyak jumlahnya. Hal ini semakin mempertegas peran work engagement sebagai konsep yang krusial sehingga perlu diperhitungkan dalam pencapaian tujuan organiasi. Adanya kontradiksi dan inkonsistensi hasil penelitian di berbagai sumber literatur turut memperkaya hasil penelitian ini. Dengan mengadopsi pendekatan kuantitatif dan analisis bibiliometrik, kami berhasil memperoleh pemetaan data realtime secara visual tentang topik work engagement. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep work engagement merupakan konsep yang established, dan bisa digunakan sebagai tendensi menyusun strategi retention yang tepat bagi organisas. Penelitian bertema work engagement diperkirakan terus mengalami perkembangan dan keterbaruan karena sifatnya yang fluktuatif.
Pengaruh Keharmonisan Keluarga Terhadap Kenakalan Remaja di Kota Bandung
Authors: Januri Tasya Suci , Sardin Sardin , Utami Nindita Fajria
Published: December 2024

AbstrakTerdapat berbagai macam faktor yang menyebabkan terjadi perilaku menyimpang pada remaja. Di antaranya ialah faktor keluarga. Keharmonisan keluarga tentu dapat menjadi salah satu faktor yang membuat remaja melakukan penyimpangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keharmonisan keluarga terhadap kenakalan remaja di Kota Bandung. Jenis penelitian ini ialah penelitian kuantitatif dengan Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling yaitu remaja yang berdomisi di Kota Bandung dengan rentang usia 15-20 tahun sebanyak 105 responden. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah dengan menyebarkan kuisioner. Alat analisis yang digunakan ialah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan bantuan aplikasi SPSS versi 27. Hipotesis dari penelitian ini yaitu adanya pengaruh signifikan antara keharmonisan keluarga terhadap kenakalan remaja di Kota Bandung. Sedangkan hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) terdapat hubungan yang linear antara kedua variabel, 2) Â terdapat pengaruh antara keharmonisan keluarga terhadap kenakalan remaja yang terjadi di Kota Bandung 3) pengaruh dari keharmonisan keluarga terhadap kenakalan remaja di Kota Bandung sebesar 21,5%.Kata kunci: keharmonisan kelurga; kenakalan remaja; Kota BandungÂ The Effect of Family Harmony on Juvenile Delinquency in Bandung CityAbstractThere are various factors that cause deviant behavior in adolescents. Among these are family factors. Family harmony can certainly be one of the factors that make teenagers commit deviations. This study aims to determine the effect of family harmony on juvenile delinquency in the city of Bandung. This type of research is quantitative research with sampling techniques using Purposive Sampling, namely adolescents domiciled in the city of Bandung with an age range of 15-20 years as many as 105 respondents. The data collection method used is to distribute questionnaires. The analysis tool used is multiple linear regression analysis using the help of the SPSS version 27 application. The hypothesis of this study is that there is a significant influence between family harmony and juvenile delinquency in the city of Bandung. While the results of this study show the results of this study show that 1) there is a linear relationship between the two variables, 2) there is an influence between family harmony on juvenile delinquency that occurs in the city of Bandung 3) the influence of family harmony on juvenile delinquency in the city of Bandung by 21.5%.Keywords: family harmony; juvenile delinquency; Bandung CityÂ
Russian Book Culture in France (1900—1930s): Publications, Libraries, Bibliography
Authors: Anisimov Aleksey O.
Published: December 2024

The review of the monograph by E.M. Lbova “Russian Book in France (1900— 1930s)”, issued by the publishing house of the State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2022), is presented. This edition is a generalizing work on the history of the existence of the Russian book in France in the first third of the 20 century. It tells about the numerous publishing houses, libraries, bookstores that were created by our compatriots in Paris and other French cities. It is concluded that the multifaceted Russian-French contacts contributed to the emergence of publications, the best examples of which are now the cultural heritage of our country.
New Approaches to the Apparatus of the Scientiﬁc Bibliographic Index (Contents of the Journal “Soil Science” for 1999—2023)
Authors: Zakharova Svetlana S.
Published: December 2024

The bibliographic reference book “Materials Published in the Journal “Soil Science” for 100 Years” (1999) is a unique information resource. Currently, the directorate of the Institute of Physico-Chemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences has decided to prepare a continuation (for the period from 1999 to 2023). One of the main problems is the development of subject headings for the most optimal reflection of the journalʼs materials in this handbook, since topical issues of the development of both soil science itself and related branches of knowledge have changed a lot over the past decades (especially in a number of complex problems). The author also emphasizes the need to radically redesign the main headings of the subject and thematic index. The article discusses the possibilities of using formalized assessment methods for evaluation of document flows.
THE EFFECT OF THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PREGNANCY COMPLICATED BY PREECLAMPSIA
Authors: KLYGUNENKO O , SEDINKIN V , KRAVETS O. , MARZAN O
Published: December 2024

Preeclampsia remains one of the main causes of obstetric and perinatal complications. The frequency of preeclampsia in the structure of pregnancy complications varies from 6 % to 12 % in healthy pregnant women and from 20 % to 40 % in pregnant women with extragenital pathology. There is growing interest in investigating the exact pathophysiological mechanism of the preeclampsia process as this may identify new potential screening biomarkers. There is evidence that inflammatory mechanisms are a key link between placental ischemia and endothelial dysfunction. It has been hypothesized that impaired regulatory systems are unable to regulate the resolution of inflammatory pathways, contributing to an exaggerated immune response. It is appropriate to call pregnancy a unique immune state that is modulated, but not suppressed. Modulation of the immune system leads to differentiated reactions depending on the stage of pregnancy. Each stage of pregnancy is characterized by a unique inflammatory state. The first and third trimesters are pro-inflammatory, while the second trimester is an anti-inflammatory phase. Proinflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, directly and indirectly through TNF-α, bradykinin, thrombin cause degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx, which leads to an increase in the permeability of the vascular wall with the progression of capillary leakage into the interstitial space. Inflammatory damage to the glycocalyx that occurs during preeclampsia increases intercellular permeability associated with leakage of fluid and albumin into the interstitial space. As a result of damage to the endothelium, there is an increase in the volume of extracellular fluid, which is manifested in women with severe preeclampsia in the form of edema with pathological fluid retention. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of inflammatory mediators in predicting the risk of developing preeclampsia. Further study of the problem will reveal potential targets for treatment, primarily related to inhibition of inflammatory processes and prevention of damage to the endothelial glycocalyx.
ASSESSMENT OF ORGAN DYSFUNCTION IN INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS COMPLICATED BY ACUTE HEART FAILURE
Authors: Koltunova H. , Chyzh K.
Published: December 2024

Resume. Most of the identified risk assessment and prognostic systems for infective endocarditis (IE) focus on surgical risk, and therefore, cannot assess the risk of organ failure in patients receiving medical treatment with multiple comorbidities. To date, there is no standardized prognostic risk scale for organ failure in patients with IE.
Objective. Evaluate the dynamics of sepsis-associated organ dysfunction scores in patients with IE complicated by preoperative acute heart failure undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
Materials and methods. The study included clinical data from 75 patients with IE complicated by preoperative acute heart failure (AHF), who were hospitalized at the State Institution «Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» from 01.01.2019 to 01.01.2023. The diagnosis of IE was made according to the Duke criteria. All patients were classified as NYHA class IV. At the perioperative stage, clinical and biochemical parameters were assessed, and sepsis-associated organ dysfunction scores were calculated.
Results. Based on the clinical parameters obtained, the SOFA score was calculated at the preoperative stage. There were no patients with a score of «0» or «1». At the preoperative stage, all patients exhibited signs of multiorgan dysfunction. The largest cohort consisted of patients with a score of «3» (25 patients with IE). Scores of «4», «5», and «6» were recorded in 18, 12, and 9 patients with IE, respectively. In the presence of HF decompensation and multiorgan failure (SOFA scores of «9», «10», and «11»), 3 patients (4.0 %) with IE died at the preoperative stage. Despite the high risk of postoperative complications, cardiac surgery was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass in 96 % of cases (72 patients). Assessment of patients with IE complicated by preoperative HF on day 2 in the ICU showed an increase in the proportion of patients without signs of multiple organ failure according to the SOFA scale: «0» points - 7 patients, «1» point - 4 patients, «2» points - 22 patients. The proportion of patients with SOFA scores of «3» and «4» was 14 and 12 cases, respectively. The proportion of patients with SOFA scores of «5» and «6» decreased to 5 and 3 patients, respectively. On the second postoperative day, 33 (45.83 %) patients were without signs of multiple organ failure.
Conclusions: Effective risk assessment in patients with IE complicated by preoperative HF may play a key role in selecting the optimal time for surgery. The SOFA score can be a useful prognostic tool for assessing the severity of IE.
COMPARISON OF BUPRENORPHINE AS AN ADJUVANT TO INTRATHECAL BUPIVACAINE VS. NO ADJUVANTS FOR LOWER LIMBS PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE RECONSTRUCTION SURGERIES
Authors: MASOODI A. , DZIUBA D.
Published: December 2024

Background: Regional anesthesia techniques, such as spinal anesthesia, are commonly used in reconstructive surgeries for peripheral artery disease of the lower limbs. Unfortunately, these techniques are partially limited by the duration of action of local anesthetics. Among the numerous adjuncts to local anesthetics that prolong anesthesia, buprenorphine hydrochloride stands out as particularly promising.
Methods and materials: Sixty patients, aged 64,46±7,12 years and classified as ASA III-IV, who required reconstructive surgery for peripheral artery disease of the lower limbs, were included in the study. The SA group (30 patients) received 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine, 3 ml, without the addition of an adjunct, while the SA + B group (30 patients) received 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 0.06 mg of buprenorphine hydrochloride. The duration of analgesia, the time of onset and regression of sensory and motor blockade, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and any side effects were assessed.
Results: The duration of analgesia was significantly prolonged in the SA + B group (381.63 ± 47.23 minutes) compared to the SA group (238.33 ± 32.27 minutes) (p < 0.002). The onset of sensory and motor blockade showed no significant differences between the groups. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores were lower in the SA + B group during the first 24 hours (p < 0.0214). The SA group exhibited a higher incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, hypotension, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), while the SA + B group had a higher incidence of bradycardia. Respiratory depression did not occur.
Conclusions: The addition of buprenorphine hydrochloride to hyperbaric bupivacaine for intrathecal administration enhances the duration of spinal blockade and improves the quality of postoperative analgesia during the first 24 hours following reconstructive surgeries for peripheral artery disease of the lower limbs. A dose of 0.06 mg of buprenorphine prolongs the duration of sensory blockade with minimal complications, such as bradycardia, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), hypotension, and urinary retention, which do not significantly affect the recovery process.
MODERN CONCEPT OF POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING URGENT LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: PYLYPENKO O. , KRAVETS O.
Published: December 2024

According to randomized studies, after surgical interventions such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy, severe and very severe pain is observed in 30 % to 87 % of patients. Regional techniques such as subcostal transversus abdominal plane block (Subcostal TAP-block) significantly improve the quality of postoperative analgesia.
The aim of our study was to compare the effectiveness of postoperative analgesia when using multimodal analgesia and when combining it with subcostal TAP-block in patients with acute cholecystitis who underwent laparoscopic surgery.
Materials and methods. 60 patients with acute cholecystitis who underwent laparoscopic surgery were examined. We investigated the level of pain according to the visual analog scale (VAS), hemodynamic parameters, glycemia level, frequency of nausea/vomiting, time to intestinal peristalsis recovery, time to activization, need for additional anesthesia, subjective assessment of sleep quality, level of daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale), level of anxiety (Beck anxiety scale).
Results. Upon admission, patients with acute cholecystitis had moderate pain syndrome (5.7±0.7 – 6.2±0.7 points according to VAS), both at rest and during movement, which was accompanied by nausea or vomiting in 43.1 % – 48.3 % of patients. In the early postoperative period, the level of pain when using the TAP block was significantly lower than in the control group, with a maximum effect after 2-4 hours. This was accompanied by a decrease in tachycardia by 12.7 % – 13.1 % (p<0.05), a decrease in the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting by 15.8 % – 42.5 % (p<0.05). Restoration of gastrointestinal function in the TAP block group was observed 4.4 hours earlier (p=0.049), and activation of patients was observed 7.9 hours earlier (p=0.01). Sleep quality in the TAP block group was significantly higher in the first three days after surgery, which led to a decrease in daytime sleepiness.
Conclusions. In patients with acute cholecystitis, operated laparoscopically, the expansion of multimodal analgesia with regional techniques (TAP block) allowed to reduce the pain level to 1.8±0.5 – 3.1±0.4 points on the VAS at rest and to 1.9±0.6 – 3.0 ±0.4 points during movement; avoid the use of narcotic analgesics, reduce the level of tachycardia, accelerate the activation of the patient and the motor function of the intestine, as well as improve the psycho-emotional state of patients by improving the quality of night sleep and reducing the level of daytime drowsiness.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ИСПОЛНЕНИЯ БЮДЖЕТОВ ОРГАНАМИ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО КАЗНАЧЕЙСТВА
Authors: Маркина С.А. , Брусенцева Ю.А.
Published: December 2024

На современном этапе Федеральное казначейство РФ играет основополагающую роль в организации платежной системы Российской Федерации. Органы казначейства, как важнейшая часть общей контрольной системы, следят за формированием и использованием бюджетных средств. Сочетание столь важных организационных и контрольных функций превращает казначейство в главное звено финансовой системы государства. Таким образом, казначейская система исполнения бюджета способствует решению важных экономических вопросов государства. Исследуемая в данной статье одна из первостепенных задач органов Федерального казначейства – кассовое обслуживание исполнения бюджетов бюджетной системы РФ. Кассовое обслуживание исполнения бюджетов всех уровней имеет большое социально-экономическое и политическое значение. Организация кассового обслуживания исполнения бюджетов в Российской Федерации представляет собой сложный процесс и требует постоянного контроля за правильным и своевременным доведением информации о выделенных ассигнованиях и их остатках до получателей бюджетных средств. Кассовое обслуживание исполнения бюджетов не является частью бюджетного процесса, но без него невозможно непосредственное исполнение бюджетов, следовательно, при анализе деятельности органов казначейства вопрос кассового обслуживания исполнения бюджетов является важнейшим и требующим пристального внимания. Статистический анализ показателей исполнения федерального бюджета показал, что на объем поступлений наряду с макроэкономическими условиями оказали влияние изменения, внесенные в законодательство Российской Федерации, в части изменения размера ставок, в том числе в рамках завершения «налогового маневра в нефтегазовой отрасли», корректировки параметров «режима налога на дополнительный доход от добычи углеводородного сырья», изменения размеров платы и нормативов зачисления доходов в федеральный бюджет, а также сокращение объемов добычи нефти в рамках соглашения ОПЕК+. Также были рассмотрены современные казначейские технологии исполнения бюджетов субъектов Российской Федерации, применение которых обусловлено бюджетным законодательством и призвано обеспечить высокую точность и оперативность в учете и исполнении средств региональных бюджетов. В результате проведенного исследования предложены рекомендации по повышению эффективности кассового обслуживания исполнения бюджетов РФ.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ДОЛГА НА ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РЕГИОНА
Authors: Савина Т.Н. , Пониматкина Л.А. , Шилкина Т.Е.
Published: December 2024

Как в экономической  литературе, так и в кругах известных ученых, представителей органов власти, да и в целом общественности все чаще и активнее обсуждаются проблемы устойчивого и безопасного развития бюджетно-финансовой сферы. Особое внимание привлекают вопросы, касающиеся долговых государственных заимствований. В настоящей статье дана оценка состояния государственного долга, показано его влияние на обеспечение экономической безопасности. Составлен рейтинг субъектов РФ по уровню долговой нагрузки, что позволило определить место региона в нем по данному показателю. Разработана система индикаторов, которую можно использовать для исследования государственного долга. Для анализа состояния государственного долга в динамике 7 лет (в период с 2016 г. по 2022 г.) рассмотрены такие показатели как, коэффициент долговой нагрузки бюджета региона, расходы на обслуживание государственного долга в общем объёме расходов бюджета региона, коэффициент долговой зависимости экономики региона. В целях нейтрализации выявленных в процессе анализа угроз предложена стратегия по обеспечению экономической безопасности в финансово-бюджетной сфере региона, учитывающая тип региона и его состояние относительно зон риска.  На основе построения авторегрессионной модели с помощью  тренда полиноминальной функции нами была предпринята попытка спрогнозировать значения государственного долга.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ФИНАНСОВЫХ РЕСУРСОВ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
Authors: Хайров Р.Р. , Шилкина Т.Е. , Мягкова М.В.
Published: December 2024

В ходе осуществления своей деятельности у предприятий возникают финансовые отношения, связанные с реализацией продукции, оказанием услуг с последующим формированием, распределением и использованием финансовых ресурсов. Современные условия нестабильности экономики России в период пандемии и санкций актуализируют роль финансовых ресурсов, как важной составляющей производственно-хозяйственной деятельности предприятия. Цель исследования состоит в проведении анализа особенностей формирования и использования финансовых ресурсов хозяйствующего субъекта. Результаты исследования, представленные в статье, получены на основе обобщения и анализа сущностных аспектов финансовых ресурсов хозяйствующего субъекта, основ их формирования и использования, вопросов структуры финансовых ресурсов и необходимости их оптимизации. С помощью методов сравнения, анализа и синтеза, статистических и аналитических методов, метода вертикального и горизонтального анализа, анализа коэффициентов были получены результаты, позволяющие сделать вывод о том, что цель данного исследования достигнута. Теоретическая и практическая значимость работы заключается в определении содержания термина финансовых ресурсов хозяйствующего субъекта, структуры финансовых ресурсов и необходимости их оптимизации, а также методологического инструментария оценки их формирования и использования.
НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ПЛАТЕЖНАЯ СИСТЕМА РОССИИ: АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ, ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Морозова Г.В. , Филичкина Ю.Ю.
Published: December 2024

В статье выделены основные этапы формирования российских платежных систем, исследовано развитие российских платежных систем в условиях глобальных вызовов, аргументировано дальнейшее развитие платежных систем РФ, связанное с цифровизацией и мобилизацией всех существующих в мире приложений.
Advancing Organic Solar Cells with Density Functional Theory: A Comprehensive Review of Computed Properties and Applications
Authors: Rosa Nathalia , Borges Jr Itamar
Published: December 2024

Organic solar cells (OSCs) represent a promising renewable energy technology due to their flexibility, low production cost, and environmental sustainability. To advance OSC efficiency and stability, Density Functional Theory (DFT) has emerged as a powerful computational tool, enabling the prediction and optimization of critical properties at the molecular and device levels. This review highlights the key properties of bulk heterojunction solar (BHJ) solar cells and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) that can be accurately computed using DFT, including electronic structure properties (HOMO-LUMO energy levels, bandgap energies, and exciton binding energies, which influence charge separation and transport); optical properties (absorption spectra and light-harvesting efficiency, essential for maximizing photon capture); charge transport properties (reorganization energies, electron, and hole mobilities, and charge transfer rates that govern carrier dynamics within devices); interfacial properties (energy alignment at donor-acceptor interfaces, contributing to efficient charge separation and minimizing recombination) and chemical reactivity descriptors (ionization potential, electron affinity, chemical hardness, and electrophilicity, which facilitate material screening for OSC applications). We show how to compute the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OSCs from DFT. The review also discusses the importance of selecting appropriate exchange-correlation functionals and basis sets to ensure the accuracy of DFT predictions. By providing reliable computational insights, DFT accelerates the rational design of OSC materials, guiding experimental efforts and reducing resource demands. This work underscores DFT’s pivotal role in optimizing OSC performance, fostering the development of next-generation photovoltaic technologies.
Enhancing Predictive Models for Solubility in Multicomponent Solvent Systems using Semi-Supervised Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Jung Hojin , Stubbs Christopher D. , Kumar Sabari , Pérez-Soto Raúl , Song Su-min , Kim Yeonjoon , Kim Seonah
Published: December 2024

Solubility plays a critical role in guiding molecular design, reaction optimization, and product formulation across diverse chemical applications. Despite its importance, current approaches for measuring solubility face significant challenges, including time- and resource-intensive experiments and limited applicability to novel compounds. Computational prediction strategies, ranging from theoretical models to machine learning (ML) based methods, offer promising pathways to address these challenges. However, such methodologies need further improvement to achieve accurate predictions of solubilities in multicomponent solvent systems, as expanding the modeling approaches to multicomponent mixtures enables broader practical applications in chemistry. This study focuses on modeling solubility in multicomponent solvent systems, where data scarcity and model generalizability remain key hurdles. We curated a comprehensive experimental solubility dataset (MixSolDB) and examined two graph neural network (GNN) architectures – concatenation and subgraph – for improved predictive performance. By further integrating computationally derived COSMO-RS data via a teacher-student semi-supervised distillation (SSD) framework, we significantly expanded the chemical space and corrected previously high error margins. These results illustrate the feasibility of unifying experimental and computational data in a robust, flexible GNN-SSD pipeline, enabling greater coverage, improved accuracy, and enhanced applicability of solubility models for complex multicomponent solvent systems.
Nanotechnology and Biopolymers: A Perfect Synergy for Modern Applications
Authors: Abdelhamid Hani Nasser
Published: December 2024

This review comprehensively explores biodegradable polymer-based nanocomposites and their diverse applications, including water purification, environmental remediation, and hydrogen production. A detailed scientometric analysis highlights key trends and developments in biopolymers such as cellulose and chitosan. These biopolymers can be functionalized or conjugated with advanced materials like metallic nanoparticles, metal oxides, zeolites, perovskites, covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), and MXenes. The resulting biopolymer/nanoparticle composites exhibit remarkable multifunctional properties, making them highly suitable for industrial-scale production and integration into modern technologies. Nanocellulose, in particular, has emerged as a promising material for enabling advanced fabrication techniques, such as integrating MOFs into commercial products via three-dimensional (3D) printing. This review highlights these materials' potential to revolutionize sustainability and green technology applications, offering innovative solutions for critical challenges in various sectors.
Water-soluble Bioisosteres of meta-Benzenes
Authors: Dibchak Dmitry , Mykhailiuk Pavel
Published: December 2024

Water-soluble bioisosteres of meta-benzenes have been synthesized, characterized, and validated biologically.
Ultrafast Electronic and Structural Dynamics in Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysts
Authors: Sprague-Klein Emily A. , Phelan Brian , Mara Michael , Yu Jin , Drummer Matt , He Xiang , Glusac Ksenija , Lee Sungsik , Reinhart Benjamin , Zhang Xiaoyi , Tiede David , Chen Lin
Published: December 2024

We investigate the ultrafast electronic and thermal properties of the bulk amorphous cobalt oxide water oxidation catalysts cobalt-phosphate (CoPi) and cobalt borate (CoBi) using optical pump/X-ray probe correlated with in situ electrochemical transient absorption spectroscopy. The electronic signature of a light-generated intermediate species is compared to steady-state in situ heating X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), suggestive of non-thermal contributions to charge transfer formation on ultrafast timescales. With Co K-edge transient absorption spectroscopy, we observe a net photoreduction following 400 nm excitation that also initiates a potential-dependent increase in the excited-state fraction of trapped charge carriers that persists on nanosecond to microsecond timescales and is identified as a potential precursor state to oxygen evolving reactions (OER). Distinctly, the formation of excited-state species cannot be fully explained by photothermal reaction dynamics alone, with potential contributions from electronic motion acting in concert with macroscopic redox activity. The results can influence the design of water-splitting catalytic materials for tuning dimensionality, confinement, and charge delocalization across structures.
Regulating extracellular vesicle trafficking and intercellular communications with photo-reversible viscoelastic hydrogels
Authors: Li Zi-Yuan , Wang Yan-Wen , Tan Poh-Ching , Li Meng , Ge Yifan , Zhou Shuang-Bai , Li Qing-Feng , Zhang Junji , Tian He
Published: December 2024

Extracellular vesicle (EV) mediated intercellular communication determines various physiological and pathological processes that show great potential as therapeutic reagents. While EV trafficking through extracellular matrix (ECM) is influenced by both vesicle deformation and medium re-organization or viscoelasticity, how matrix mechanics regulates EV intercellular transportation remains unclear. In this work, we introduced a photo-tunable hydrogel platform as ECM mimicry that allows well-defined viscoelasticity changes of the matrix to manipulate EV trafficking. The light-responsive dynamic bond formation/disruption in hydrogel triggers a sharp transformation of hydrogel between fast stress relaxation (ca. 50 s) and slow stress relaxation (> 1000 s) states. Such large viscoelasticity discrepancy leads to a varied transportation rate of EVs (ca. 2-fold) and consequential programmed cellular migration behaviors to the recipient fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells through photo-responsive hydrogel platform. Furthermore, using model membrane systems, we revealed how membrane rigidity and ECM viscoelasticity contribute together during EV intercellular trafficking.
Effect of Total Mixed Fountain Grass Pellets on The Growth Performance of Goats
Authors: Agolisi H. M. , Salifu A-R. S. , Nartey E. K. , Anama K.
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Feed quality is inconsistent throughout the year. The nutrient composition of feed supplies is affected by the transition from wet to dry seasons, which also decreases digestibility. This study evaluated the effect of varying levels of fountain grass hay total mixed ration (TMR) pellets on the apparent digestibility, growth performance, and blood profile of Djallonké Goats in the Savanna agroecological zone of Ghana.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The experimental treatments were T0 (unpelleted hay), T1 (75% pelleted hay total mixed ration), T2 (50% pelleted hay total mixed ration), and T3 (25% pelleted hay total mixed ration).
Sixteen (16) weaned male Djallonke goats (5.190 kg) were randomly divided into four treatments (four bucks/treatment) using a completely randomised design (CRD). After adaptation for 14 d, the animals were fed for 84 d and 7 d to determine the digestibility coefficient.
Findings: Goats fed total mixed ratio (TMR) hay pellets exhibited significantly higher (P < 0.05) dry matter intake (DMI) and digestibility coefficients than those fed unpelleted hay. The average daily gain (ADG) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in T0 and lowest in T3. Haematological and serological parameters did not differ significantly among the treatments (p>0.05).
Research Limitation: This study examined the feed intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and blood profile of Djallonké Goats. Its results cannot be generalised to the entire livestock industry.
Practical Implication: Hay pellets could serve as an alternative feed resource for ruminants, reducing production costs and ensuring the sustainability of the animal industry in Ghana.
Social Implication: This study will help address dry season feeding challenges and ensure the sustainability of the livestock industry.
Originality/value: This study highlights the potential of Pennisetum purpureum hay as an underutilised native pasture that could improve ruminant production in Northern Ghana.
Análisis clúster de información sobre infecciones urinarias
Authors: Reátegui Rojas Ruth María , Carrillo Mayanquer María Irene
Published: December 2024

Las infecciones urinarias constituyen el principal motivo de consulta en el servicio de urgencias pediátricas en el mundo, por lo que merecen ser analizadas con técnicas de inteligencia artificial que permitan descubrir patrones basados en información médica y de laboratorio. El análisis clúster es una técnica no supervisada de aprendizaje de máquina que permite identificar grupos de pacientes con características similares. En este trabajo, se analizó información anonimizada de pacientes extraída de un sistema informático, donde todos sufren de infecciones urinarias. Se aplicó inicialmente el análisis de correspondencia múltiple (ACM) para luego utilizar de forma separada los algoritmos K-means y DBSCAN. Se obtuvo el valor de silhouette de cada grupo obtenido con los dos algoritmos. Se logró diferenciar a los pacientes de acuerdo con los porcentajes de prevalencia de sensibilidad/resistencia a ciertos antibióticos y a la presencia de los gérmenes que provocan las infecciones.
Análisis del éxito académico mediante aprendizaje automático: adicción y ChatGPT
Authors: Torres-Diaz Juan Carlos , Reátegui Rojas Ruth María
Published: December 2024

En este trabajo, se analiza la incidencia de las variables adicción al teléfono, a la pornografía, número de veces que se desbloquea el teléfono a cada hora y nivel de confianza en ChatGPT sobre el éxito académico de un grupo de 4278 estudiantes de ocho universidades de Ecuador. Se emplean los siguientes métodos: árboles de decisión (DT), random forest (RF) y support vector machine (SVM). Los resultados obtenidos señalan niveles similares en la precisión alcanzada en los tres algoritmos, respecto a la exactitud, en caso de SMOTE, los DT son el algoritmo que presenta mayor exactitud (accuracy = 0,64); y, en el caso de RandomOverSampler, el algoritmo SVM muestra mayor exactitud (accuracy = 0,59).
Red de conectividad en la cuenca del río Santiago: un modelo innovador para contribuir al cierre de la brecha digital en el marco de las Alianzas Multiactor
Authors: Paco Fernández Juan Antonio , Quispe Tacas River , Aragón Valladares Joel
Published: December 2024

Este artículo describe las características técnicas y las pruebas de desempeño de la red inalámbrica de banda ancha implementada en la cuenca del río Santiago (región Amazonas, Perú); además, detalla el contexto y el proceso de articulación interinstitucional en el que se ha desarrollado este proyecto. En el marco de una iniciativa amplia liderada por el Gobierno del Perú, se llevó a cabo un proceso de colaboración entre actores públicos, privados y la academia para el desarrollo de la provincia de Condorcanqui (región Amazonas, Perú); de este proceso surgieron diversos estudios y proyectos, entre ellos el diseño y la implementación de una solución de conectividad para la cuenca del río Santiago. El establecimiento de la red busca complementar los planes y proyectos que tiene el Estado en cuanto a la ampliación de la conectividad y los servicios de telecomunicaciones para cerrar la brecha digital en el Perú mediante una propuesta técnica no convencional. El principal resultado de la ejecución de este proyecto y del proceso seguido es la validación de una prueba de concepto sobre un modelo innovador de articulación, que busca combinar los esfuerzos de actores públicos y privados para reducir la brecha digital en comunidades rurales aisladas, con población escasa y dispersa. Además, la sostenibilidad de este despliegue también sigue un modelo innovador, que involucra a un operador de servicios de telecomunicaciones y promueve el uso del acceso a internet por parte de las instituciones públicas de los sectores de salud y educación presentes en la cuenca del río Santiago. De ello se obtienen resultados complementarios como la capacitación de empleados públicos y el fortalecimiento de los servicios brindados por las instituciones públicas mediante la entrega de equipamiento médico e informático.
A microsphere technology: comprehensive review on recent developments
Authors: Chavan Nakshatra Rakesh Chavan , Dhaygude Vaishnavi Narhari , Kshirsagar Sakshi Prakash , Borkar Natasha Nitin , Devade Priyanka Bhalchandra , Pawar Shraddha
Published: December 2024

Microspheres are small, round objects ranging in size from 1 mm to 1000 mm, typically composed of engineered polymers or biodegradable proteins. These free-flowing powders have a molecule size of less than 200 micrometers. Microspheres are widely used in drug delivery systems, enabling controlled and sustained release of pharmaceuticals. They offer several advantages, including the ability to target specific areas via oral, topical, and other biotechnology applications, such as gene therapy.Innovative drug delivery systems can improve therapeutic outcomes by enhancing drug stability, increasing bioavailability, and reducing toxicity. Traditional drug delivery methods often result in fluctuating plasma concentrations, leading to potential side effects. However, controlled drug delivery systems, like microspheres, provide consistent plasma levels by releasing the drug gradually over an extended period. This steady release can enhance the drug's effectiveness, improve patient adherence, and minimize side effects.Various techniques exist to develop controlled release systems, including liposomes, nanocarriers, microemulsions, and microspheres. Among these, microspheres are particularly valuable because they offer a sustained release from a polymeric network, often using biodegradable polymers with minimal side effects. As a result, microspheres find applications in areas such as oncology, gynecology, cardiology, diabetes treatment, and vaccine delivery.
Monitoring of Meteorological Conditions of State Aviation Flights Using Satellite Data
Authors:   Air Force Academy, Rastorguev I. P. , Denega I. Z. ,   Air Force Academy, Rastorgueva A. I. ,   Air Force Academy
Published: December 2024

There is a tendency for flights of all types of aircraft to depend on meteorological conditions. Meteorological support for state aviation requires an even larger volume of actual and expected weather data. In some cases, data from the terrestrial meteorological and aero logical network may be completely or partially unavailable. In this case, it is advisable to use satellite data. For their effective use, methods of meteorological interpretation of data from space should be developed. These methods should take into account the specifics of the aviation consumer of information. A methodology for the integrated use of regular thematic products and its adaptation to the tasks of state aviation is proposed. All meteorological factors limiting or excluding the use of State aviation have been identified. Samples of information products of developers of satellite meteorological maps are studied. Based on the comparison of influencing factors and thematic satellite products, a methodology for monitoring meteorological flight conditions has been developed. The verification of the methodology on the actual material showed acceptable for practical use in meteorological support of state aviation. A computer program has been developed to automate the implementation of the presented methodology.
Features of Seasonal Variability of Integral Indicators of the Content of Dissolved Organic Substances under Conditions of Mass Development of Cyanobacteria in the Kuibyshev Reservoir
Authors:   Institute of Ecology of the Volga Basin RAS – а Branch of the Samara Federal Research Center RAS, Seleznev V. A.
Published: December 2024

The study is aimed at determining the features of seasonal variability of the content of dissolved organic matter under the influence of the process of mass development of cyanobacteria in the Kuibyshev Reservoir. For this purpose, monitoring data from the Pridaminny reach of the reservoir in the period 2017-2022 were used. Water samples were taken monthly from the surface horizon (0.5 m) for the following indicators: chlorophyll a (Chl); biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5); permanganate oxidizability (PO) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In the summer of 2021, the following were additionally determined: structure, abundance and biomass of phytoplankton. It was found that the average annual content of dissolved organic matter is: 1.6 mgO/dm3 for BOD5; 7.5 mgO/dm3 for PO and 25 mgO/dm3 for COD. Seasonal variability includes four periods, which differ in the directions of changes in the dissolved organic matter content. In the future, the problem of organic pollution of the Kuibyshev Reservoir will only worsen in the context of the intensification of the MRC process due to global warming.
Features of the Chemical Composition of Soils and Bottom Sediments of Valley of the Vtoraya Rechka River (Vladivostok, Russia)
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS, Zharikova E. A. , Klyshevskaya S. V. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS, Popova A. D. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS
Published: December 2024

The main depositing environments of urban landscapes are soils and bottom sediments of watercourses. The research aims to identify the content of the main chemical elements in these components of the urban environment to determine the degree of pollution and environmental risk. X-ray fluorescence analysis on an EDX-800HS (Shimadzu) spectrometer determined the total content of elements in soils and sediments. A decrease in acidity (to a slightly alkaline environment) and increased phosphorus content (to an extremely high level) in soils and bottom sediments were observed as the anthropogenic load increased. In the urbanization process, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, and Cr accumulate to the greatest extent in the upper horizons of soils, and Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, and V accumulate in bottom sediments. The values of various geoecological indicators of the state of the urban environment (Igeo, PI,NPI) indicate the degradation of the surface layer of soils and a strong degree of pollution with heavy metals, pollution of bottom sediments varies from medium to strong. The chemical pollution indicator Zc characterizes the level of contamination of soils and bottom sediments as acceptable. The potential environmental risk (PERI) in the studied area is insignificant; the level of environmental risk for benthic organisms of the river is medium-low.
ASPECTOS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO PROFISSIONAL DOCENTE NO CONTEXTO DA LICENCIATURA EM MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Pastoura Francilene de Souza , Lima Francisco José de
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo tem por objetivo discutir os aspectos teóricos e práticos do processo de formação inicial do professor de Matemática e a contribuição desses saberes para o desenvolvimento profissional do docente. O desenvolvimento desse trabalho se justifica pela possibilidade de problematizar aspectos do processo de formação inicial de professores de matemática e refletir sobre os múltiplos diálogos formativos que se desencadeiam no contexto do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática. A proposta deste estudo está ancorada em pressupostos da pesquisa qualitativa, com caráter analítico-descritivo dividindo-se em dois momentos, onde no primeiro pretende-se realizar uma revisão bibliográfica, utilizando-se de um recorte temporal compreendido entre os últimos dez anos e no segundo momento, uma análise documental, compreendendo o Projeto Pedagógico do Curso (PPC) de Licenciatura em Matemática de um Instituto Federal. Nota-se que ao tratar de formação de professores é necessário pensar-se na importância de estabelecer o diálogo entre disciplinas pedagógicas e disciplinas específicas, de modo que se possa contribuir para a constituição de um profissional capaz de refletir sobre sua prática. Por fim, evidencia-se a necessidade de uma reorganização dos currículos dos cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática.
FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR: UM OLHAR SOBRE A ESCOLA NORMAL CATARINENSE (1880-1935)
Authors: Guerini Silvete Coradi , Costa David Antônio da , Custódio Filho José Francisco
Published: December 2024

Nesta pesquisa, abordou-se a formação de professores na escola normal de Santa Catarina no período de 1880 a 1935, com o objetivo de se compreender como as disciplinas científicas, em particular a Física, estavam inseridas no currículo dessa escola. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa histórica, baseada nos estudos propostos por Le Goff (1990), e é de caráter bibliográfico e documental. As consultas foram realizadas em documentos oficiais, coleções de Leis e Decretos da Província de Santa Catarina e posteriormente do Estado de Santa Catarina, Regulamento da Instrução Pública e Programas de Ensino. Foi possível observar que os currículos e os programas de ensino da Escola Normal Catarinense valorizavam o conhecimento científico, a cultura literária, a formação geral e enciclopédica, com ênfase em conteúdos morais e cívicos laicos. O ensino de ciências, na escola normal, aos poucos foi ganhando espaço nas reformas educacionais que ocorreram entre 1880 a 1935, embora a disciplina de Física permanecesse atrelada à disciplina de Química e História Natural.