bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Excessive calcium consumption as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Jandrić-Kočić Marijana , Selmanović Senada
Published: January 2022

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body that participates in the construction of bones and teeth, nerve impulse transmission, intracellular signaling, hormone secretion, muscle contraction, coagulation, ensuring normal heart rhythm and physiological values of blood pressure. Excessive calcium concentration, predominantly caused by improper use of supplements, predisposes to the development of cardiovascular disease. High serum calcium induces reprogramming and differentiation of smooth muscle cells into an osteoblast-like phenotype, translocation of prohypertrophic cardiomyocyte transcription factors, compromise of diastolic relaxation of the myocardium and necrosis of its contractile girdle, stimulation of coagulation reactions, stimulation of platelet aggregation, hemodynamic changes and metabolic abnormalities. Acute intoxication with calcium supplements results in an increase in blood pressure. Chronic consumption of excessive calcium concentration predisposes to atherosclerosis and calcification of blood vessels, heart attack and stroke, hypertrophy and heart failure, and heart rhythm disorders. There is a need to strengthen the response and role of the health system in informing the public about the side effects of excessive calcium consumption, limiting the widespread prescribing of supplements, as well as a possible comprehensive reassessment of the same.
Pierre-Joseph Desault, 1744-1795
Authors: Matić Slađana , Vučković Dragana , Glišović-Jovanović Ivana , Korica Stefan , Simić Marko , Gambiroža Katarina , Ille Mihailo
Published: January 2022

Pierre-Joseph Desault (1744-1795) was the first French professor of clinical surgery. The clinical school of surgery which he instituted at the hospital Hôtel-Dieu attracted great numbers of students from France and other countries. In 1791 he established a Journal de chirurgerie, a record of the most interesting clinical cases. He introduced many improvements to surgical practice and construction of surgical instruments. Desault published his work rarely, but his students later did, based upon his lectures. He was teaching surgery in an innovative way, in French, with a lot of demonstration and practice. Therefore, he is rightly considered a forerunner of modern medical teaching. Although primarily a surgeon, Desault practically signed the birth certificate of nephrology by clinical observation, and is considered, together with Chopart, a pioneer of urology. His influence on the development of medical science in France is great, but his ability to organize the hospital and his exceptional pedagogical activities are especially emphasized.
Medical service in Serbia before the First world war
Authors: Mandić Ana , Mandić Milan
Published: January 2022

Modern medicine in Serbia began to develop only after the liberation from the Turks in the Second Serbian Uprising of 1815. The first European-educated doctors came to Serbia in 1819, by order of Prince Milos. The military medical service, in charge of systematic treatment and care of wounded and sick Serbian soldiers, was founded in 1835. The first military doctors and chiefs of Serbian medicine were foreigners, Dr. Emerich Lindenmeier (1806-1884) and Dr. Carlo Belloni (1812-1878), who founded military hospitals in Belgrade, Ćuprija and Paraćin. During the Serbian-Turkish wars (1876-1878), Serbia had only 19 military doctors for about 130,000 soldiers, the divisions had only dressing stations for first aid, and there was also a medical ship for the evacuation of the wounded. Foreign doctors were succeeded by Serbian doctors educated in Vienna, Dr. Vladan Djordjevic (Chief of Medical Services 1877-1884), Dr. Mihajlo Mika Markovic (Chief of Medical Services 1886-1903) and Dr. Lazar Gencic (Chief of Medical Services 1909-1915). By 1885 (Serbian-Bulgarian war), the number of military doctors was increased to one doctor per 1,000 soldiers, and each division (5,000 soldiers) received a field hospital with 200 beds and a medical company with 5 doctors and 100 paramedics. Before the Balkan War (1912), 5 permanent military hospitals with surgical wards were opened, and the medical companies of the divisions had 4 doctors and 450 paramedics, and 4 field hospitals for 400 wounded. For the first time, ambulance trains were used for evacuation and treatment of the wounded. The hygienic-epidemiological service was neglected, and dysentery, typhoid fever and malaria were frequent: in 1913, over 5,000 Serbian soldiers died of cholera alone.
Coordination between relay protection functions and excitation system with generator capability curve
Authors: Vučićević Darko , Buha Danilo , Marinković Savo , Gligorov Saša , Malešević Nevena
Published: January 2022

It is common practice for relay protection and excitation systems to be adjusted independently. That practice leads to the uncoordinated operation of some protective functions. This article presents the tuning of some important protection functions. The first step is loss of excitation protection adjusting and its coordination with the minimum excitation limiting function. Analyzing the coordination settings of this protection with the minimum excitation limiter in practice, it is often noticed that these functions are inadequately adjusted, so the capacitive part of the generator capability curve is not optimally used. That is in contradiction with the high need for capacitive reactive power in the transmission system. The second step refers to the coordination of the maximum stator current limiter in the excitation system with stator overload protection, overcurrent protection, and permitted generator stator overload. It is noted here that this coordination is often not adequately adjusted, leading to the following irregularities: -malfunction of the automatic voltage regulator in certain operating situations, which can lead to voltage collapse in the transmission system; -in some operating situations, there is no forcing of excitation current when it is most needed to preserve system stability.
Analysis of operation of transformer differential protection under current transformer saturation: Software simulations and relay testing
Authors: Sučević Nikola , Gligorov Saša , Stojanović Zoran
Published: January 2022

In the paper the analyses of the current transformer saturation influence to operation of differential protection are presented. Analyses are performed using a simulation tool and a relay model, as well as using the physical relay by injecting test currents from test equipment on relay inputs. The comparison of relay behavior in these two analyses has been performed and discussed. Network modeling has been performed in DIgSILENT PowerFactory and physical relay testing using DOBLE test equipment.
Para una historia de los nobles sin archivos. Sobre las fuentes documentales para estudiar la nobleza castellana en la Plena Edad Media. El caso de los Rojas (1200-1350)
Authors: Álvarez Borge Ignacio
Published: January 2022

Due to the characteristics of the preserved documentation, the study of the nobility in Castile in the Central Middle Ages requires the consultation of numerous collections of charters, since there are hardly any noble archives in that period –the few that are known have been conserved in monastic archives –.For this reason, the reconstruction of kinship ties and lordships and properties is extremely laborious and requires the consultation of scattered and disconnected documentation. This article explores the preserved documentation to study a very large family group, the Rojas, between approximately 1200 and 1350. The origin of the documents is analyzed and also their types from the point of view of historical analysis.

Debido a las características de la documentación conservada, el estudio de la nobleza en Castilla en la Plena Edad Media exige la consulta de numerosos fondos documentales, puesto que apenas hay archivos nobiliarios en ese período -los pocos que se conocen se han conservado en archivos monásticos-. De esa forma, la reconstrucción genealógica de las familias y grupos familiares y de los dominios nobiliarios es sumamente laboriosa y exige la consulta de documentación dispersa e inconexa. En este artículo se explora la documentación conservada para estudiar un grupo familiar muy amplio, los Rojas, entre aproximadamente 1200 y 1350. Se analiza la procedencia de los documentos y sus tipos desde el punto de vista del análisis histórico.
Research on the Transformation of China’s Services Trade Development Mode Based on Export Value Added
Authors: CHEN Tingting , XIE Yu , SUN Qiang
Published: January 2022

The development in the trade in services sector is an important way to achieve the transformation of foreign trade development mode of China. However, with the rapid growth of the total value of China's service trade, the export structure has been gradually optimized. The absolute value added of exports has increased rapidly and performed well in countries along the “One Belt And One Road” still, it is highly dependent on a few developed countries and low-technology industries. In particular, the value added rate has been at a low level for a long time, and the development mode of service trade urgently needs to be changed. Therefore, based on the identities of export value added, the marginal Contribution of each index to the Change of value added is measured by the decomposition of Shapley value. The results show that per Capita GDP is the main driving factor for the Change of value added and is relatively stable, but it has been surpassed by the services employment-population after the year of 2013; the Contribution of the national economies technology density and the technical strength of the export sector to the added value of service exports is slight and unstable, and there is a strong negative correlation between them. Therefore, increasing the export of services to the countries along the “Belt and Road”, enhancing the domestic business environment, and improving the quality of the employment-population in the service industry will help accelerate the transformation of China's service trade development mode.
Research on Application-oriented Undergraduates’ Satisfaction of Cross-Border E-Commerce Practical Teaching Courses ——Taking Specialty Group on Cross-border E-commerce in Qianjiang College as an Example
Authors: HU Leifang , Xiao Jing
Published: January 2022

With the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce, its personnel training has become a major focus of professional teaching and reform in colleges and universities. It is of great practical value to study the practice teaching issues on cross-border e-commerce for application-oriented undergraduate colleges and universities. Starting with the curriculum design of cross-border e-commerce specialty group in schools, this paper studies five factors influencing students' satisfaction with cross-border e-commerce practical teaching curriculum, analyses the shortcomings of current practical teaching curriculum design, and puts forward the optimization countermeasures for improving students' satisfaction with practical teaching curriculum design.
Application and Research of Folk Music Composition Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: LIU Lian
Published: January 2022

Music is one of the important forms of human emotion expression. Using artificial methods and technologies to allow the machine to quickly identify optical scores and real-time music sounds, through the inference and optimization of music emotion models, obtain human music emotion expression patterns, and actively complete human-machine collaboration with intelligent composition, and other related services. The development of multi-source perception of affective artificial intelligence has important research value and practical significance. This article mainly integrates multiple models of existing artificial intelligence models (typed music models, Markov chain models, genetic algorithm models, neural network models, etc.) to improve the rule knowledge to form a practical and effective hybrid model. Its innovation lies in combining formulas and matrix data combinations to intelligently compose non-note units (reproducing structures) in automatic composition, so as to achieve harmony, audibility and intelligence of music.
Dilemma and Competitive Advantage Developing Strategy of Guangdong Service Outsourcing Enterprises under the Background of Chinese New Development Pattern
Authors: ZHANG Mei
Published: January 2022

Based on the current situation of Guangdong service outsourcing, this paper studies on the difficulties facing to service outsourcing enterprises in Guangzhou and Shenzhen. It makes the finding as follows: almost all the developing districts have the same qualities and supply the same service; the enterprises have less innovation; the enterprises cannot make a close link with the leader companies; the enterprises are subject to the low industry value chain. This paper offers the strategies to shape and build up the new advantage of Guangdong service outsourcing enterprises as follows: every developing district should be positioned on the comparative advantage; the district should take the effect of industry cluster and finally, all the enterprises are suggested to make fully use of “belt and road initiative” market.
Research on the Construction of Cross-border E-commerce Talent Training System
Authors:   Creative Publishing Co., Limited, LI Changkui ,   Creative E-commerce Co., Ltd.
Published: January 2022

In the second half of 2016, the author of this article signed "Introduction to Cross-border E-commerce", "Comprehensive Training and Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Cross-border E-commerce", "Cross-border E-commerce Single Window Practice", and "Cross-border E-commerce Law" wtih China Machine Press. The author of this article signed "Introduction to Cross-border E-commerce" (Higher Vocational Edition) book publishing contract with the People’s Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House. Due to limited conditions, the author has not yet completed the manuscript. Now, the relevant content of the first chapter of the book "Introduction to Cross-border E-commerce" is briefly processed and published in "Social Science Theory and Practice". Unless otherwise stated, the information in this article is as of December 2016. Starting from the connotation and characteristics of cross-border e-commerce, this paper analyzes the current situation, development stage and driving force of cross-border e-commerce, and innovates the cross-border e-commerce talent training system.
Research on the path of promoting AEO international Mutual Recognition
Authors: CHEN Xiaoqin , LIANG Liping , WU Xingrong
Published: January 2022

The "AEO" is a partnership programme that many Customs administrations are pursing as a means to both ensure and facilitate global trade supply chain. Under the initiative of WCO, customs around the world actively carry out "AEO" Mutual Recognition (MR). China actively responds to and extensively carries out mutual recognition. Based on comprehensive information of credit development of enterprises in recent years and the MRAs which have implemented at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the influential factors that hamper the promotion of "AEO" international mutual recognition of China, and puts forward the specific promotion of "AEO" in terms of Big Data-ization and cloud sharing of customs information of AEO enterprises, "AEO" enterprise credit management and professional personnel training, and International Mutual Recognition after the extraordinary period.
An innovative training study on music therapy teaching methods for autism disorder (ASD)
Authors: QIN Heping , TU Bei
Published: January 2022

Practice has found that music and therapeutics have become more and more closely related in recent years. Music can assist in the treatment of certain diseases and relieve stress. For example, people with autism have common symptoms such as social communication disorders, communication disorders, and interest disorders. Although patients live in their own worlds, they also have common ground where they like music is interested in music, and have a strong talent for music. Through innovative training through music therapy, they use Orff's teaching and Kodaly. The expression of music language in teaching method, combining music with treatment, can effectively improve symptoms, relieve mood, relax mood, and slowly return to healthy social life. Under the influence of the novel coronavirus epidemic, music therapy is more suitable for home treatment, establishing a social communication relationship between autism patients and families. Through consulting literature, practical activities, visits, surveys and other practical modes, this paper innovates and trains and studies the benefits of music therapy for people with autism, and puts forward reference suggestions for music therapy.
Breve aproximación a los discursos gerenciales desde la perspectiva feminista
Authors: Medina-Vicent Maria
Published: January 2022

Resumen: En este escrito se presenta un resumen de la obra Mujeres y discursos gerenciales. Hacia la autogestión feminista (2020), donde se abordan desde una perspectiva feminista los discursos gerenciales dirigidos a las mujeres, desvelando la falsa neutralidad de sus premisas y la perpetuación de modelos de género dicotómicos en el seno de la gestión. Al mismo tiempo, se apunta a la actual mercantilización de las identidades y del movimiento por la igualdad, señalando los peligrosos virajes discursivos a los que se está sometiendo a dicho movimiento en la actualidad.
Abstract: In this article we present a summary of the work Mujeres y discursos gerenciales. Hacia la autogestión feminista (2020), where management discourses aimed at women are approached from a feminist perspective, revealing the false neutrality of their premises and the perpetuation of dichotomous gender models within management. At the same time, it points to the current commercialization of identities and the movement for equality, pointing out the dangerous discursive shifts that this movement is currently undergoing.
Palabras clave: discursos gerenciales, teoría feminista, liderazgo, despolitización.
Keywords: managerial discourses, feminist theory, leadership, depoliticization.
Functional CDKN2A assay identifies frequent deleterious alleles misclassified as variants of uncertain significance
Authors: Kimura Hirokazu , Paranal Raymond M , Nanda Neha , Wood Laura D , Eshleman James R , Hruban Ralph H , Goggins Michael G , Klein Alison P ,   The Familial Pancreatic Cancer Genome Sequencing Project, Roberts Nicholas J
Published: January 2022

Pathogenic germline CDKN2A variants are associated with an increased risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). CDKN2A variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) are reported in up to 4.3% of patients with PDAC and result in significant uncertainty for patients and their family members as an unknown fraction are functionally deleterious, and therefore, likely pathogenic. Functional characterization of CDKN2A VUSs is needed to reclassify variants and inform clinical management. Twenty-nine germline CDKN2A VUSs previously reported in patients with PDAC or in ClinVar were evaluated using a validated in vitro cell proliferation assay. Twelve of the 29 CDKN2A VUSs were functionally deleterious (11 VUSs) or potentially functionally deleterious (1 VUS) and were reclassified as likely pathogenic variants. Thus, over 40% of CDKN2A VUSs identified in patients with PDAC are functionally deleterious and likely pathogenic. When incorporating VUSs found to be functionally deleterious, and reclassified as likely pathogenic, the prevalence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic CDKN2A in patients with PDAC reported in the published literature is increased to up to 4.1% of patients, depending on family history. Therefore, CDKN2A VUSs may play a significant, unappreciated role in risk of pancreatic cancer. These findings have significant implications for the counselling and care of patients and their relatives.
PRC1 sustains the integrity of neural fate in the absence of PRC2 function
Authors: Sawai Ayana , Pfennig Sarah , Bulajić Milica , Miller Alexander , Khodadadi-Jamayran Alireza , Mazzoni Esteban O , Dasen Jeremy S
Published: January 2022

Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) 1 and 2 maintain stable cellular memories of early fate decisions by establishing heritable patterns of gene repression. PRCs repress transcription through histone modifications and chromatin compaction, but their roles in neuronal subtype diversification are poorly defined. We found that PRC1 is essential for the specification of segmentally restricted spinal motor neuron (MN) subtypes, while PRC2 activity is dispensable to maintain MN positional identities during terminal differentiation. Mutation of the core PRC1 component Ring1 in mice leads to increased chromatin accessibility and ectopic expression of a broad variety of fates determinants, including Hox transcription factors, while neuronal class-specific features are maintained. Loss of MN subtype identities in Ring1 mutants is due to the suppression of Hox-dependent specification programs by derepressed Hox13 paralogs (Hoxa13, Hoxb13, Hoxc13, Hoxd13). These results indicate that PRC1 can function in the absence of de novo PRC2-dependent histone methylation to maintain chromatin topology and postmitotic neuronal fate.
The speed of information propagation in the scientific network distorts biomedical research
Authors: Rodriguez-Esteban Raul
Published: January 2022

Delays in the propagation of scientific discoveries across scientific communities have been an oft-maligned feature of scientific research for introducing a bias towards knowledge that is produced within a scientist’s closest community. The vastness of the scientific literature has been commonly blamed for this phenomenon, despite recent improvements in information retrieval and text mining. Its actual negative impact on scientific progress, however, has never been quantified. This analysis attempts to do so by exploring its effects on biomedical discovery, particularly in the discovery of relations between diseases, genes and chemical compounds. Results indicate that the probability that two scientific facts will enable the discovery of a new fact depends on how far apart these two facts were originally within the scientific landscape. In particular, the probability decreases exponentially with the citation distance. Thus, the direction of scientific progress is distorted based on the location in which each scientific fact is published, representing a path-dependent bias in which originally closely-located discoveries drive the sequence of future discoveries. To counter this bias, scientists should open the scope of their scientific work with modern information retrieval and extraction approaches.
Sealing Ability of Three Different Surface Coating Materials on Conventional and Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Restoration in Primary Anterior Teeth: An In vitro Study
Authors: Deshpande Anshula , Macwan Chirag , Dhillon Steffi , Wadhwa Medha , Joshi Neelam , Shah Yash
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Microleakage is an important property that has been used in assessing the success of any restorative material used in restoring a tooth. Immediate application of a surface coating agent is suggested to protect glass ionomer cement against moisture contamination and dehydration during early setting. Aim: To compare marginal microleakage of two different Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC)- Conventional GIC and Resin Modified GIC in primary anterior teeth using three surface coating materials. Materials and Methods: An in vitro study was conducted between January 2014 to October 2017 on freshly extracted 40 anterior primary teeth which were randomly assigned into two main groups (Fuji II GIC and Fuji II LC GIC) with four subgroups (control-no surface coating, A=GC Fují Varnish II, B=GC G-Coat Plus, C=Icon). A standardised Class V cavity preparation was prepared on the labial surface of each tooth. Specimens were coated with two layers of nail varnish, leaving a 1 mm window around the cavity margins and placed in a solution of Methylene blue Dye for 24 hour at 37°C. The teeth were sectioned longitudinally in a buccolingual direction of the restorations and evaluated under stereomicroscope to check extent of dye penetration. The results were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test (p≤0.05). Results: It was found that maximum microleakage was seen in group 1 (Fuji II GIC) as compared to group 2 (Fuji II LC GIC) and it was non-significant (p=0.53). Ascending order for mean microleakage for Group 1 was as follows: Control >GC Fuji Varnish >Icon DMG >GC G-Coat and for Group 2: Control >GC Fuji Varnish >Icon DMG >GC G-Coat. Icon when compared with Gc coat and Varnish also showed non-significant (p=0.137) difference in Group 2. Conclusion: All three different surface coatings can seal glass ionomer restorations. The GC G-Coat Plus has the least microleakage on Resin-Modified GIC (RMGIC) compared to the other surface coatings. This would aid the clinicians to make appropriate decision regarding the choice of material to be used for restoration and coating in anterior primary teeth.
Diagnostic Utility of C-Reactive Protein and Permutation Combination of Quantitative and Qualitative Haematological Parameters in Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Deshpande Sapna Shreyas , Halgale Mohasin Jakirhusain , Ramteke Ravindra Vilas
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis at times is subclinical and lacks specific symptoms. The C-Reactive Protein (CRP) which is an acute phase reactant protein is thought to be an alternative biomarker to blood culture. Haematological parameters of sepsis are indirect biomarkers of infection. Authors found it worthwhile to discern efficacy of haematological parameters obtained by such three part haematology analysers in diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, when used in their pure form or with peripheral blood smear or with CRP, in isolation or in their combinations. Aim: To find out the diagnostic utility of combinations of haematological parameters as obtained by three part differential automated haematology analyser and peripheral blood smear along with CRP in neonatal sepsis. Materials and Methods: This observational and analytical study of diagnostic test outcome was carried out over a period of 12 months from January-December 2016 in Rajarshi Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Medical College and Chhatrapati Pramilaraje Rugnalaya, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India, with special reference to clinical profile, blood culture, qualitative and quantitative haematological parameters and CRP. The statistical analysis included calculating diagnostic utility of isolated and combination of parameters and performing Chi-square test to study difference in frequency of occurrence and significance of association. Results: There were 104 cases of neonatal sepsis out of which culture proven sepsis was seen in 73 (70.2%) cases while probable sepsis was seen in 31 (29.8%) cases. There were 32 (30.8%) fatalities. With parallel method with OR values, combination of haemoglobin, platelet parameters and White Blood Cells (WBC) parameters as obtained by analyser and peripheral blood smear exhibited sensitivity of 98.6%, specificity and Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 100%, Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 96.9% and Diagnostic Accuracy (DA) of 99%. This was surpassed by combination of CRP and all these parameters to attend values of 100%. Combination of all haematological parameters obtained purely by analyser showed these values to be 89%, 100%, 79.5% and 92.3%. Immature to Total WBC (I:T) ratio and platelet count influenced clinical outcome of fatality. Conclusion: The liberal use of combination of haematological parameters is rewarding in supporting diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. The same was obtained by purely using analyser which showed remarkable diagnostic utility suitable for resource poor settings.
ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN AKALA PALITYA: A REVIEW
Authors: . Manisha , Kaushik Aarti , Gaur MB
Published: January 2022

Hair contributes immensely to human personality. Healthy hair is a sign of a healthy personality. But nowadays, Premature greying is a common problem in the young population. Due to lifestyle changes, environmental changes, and psychological factors, premature greying of hair increases tremendously. Premature greying of hair is causing psychological disturbances in the young population. In Ayurveda, Krodha, Shoka and Shrama are the Maansika Nidana which causes vitiation of Doshas and leads to Palitya. Different scholars had explained Palitya along with its prevention and management. Psychological status in the young population is uncertain and prone to a significant mental health risk. During adulthood, the young population seems to face multiple stress and psychological issues due to life transitions and changes in personal relationships. Overburden at the workplace leads to increased incidence of psychological problems that alter health. Premature greying of hair needs attention to deal with these psychological issues. If all these factors are considered, it increases the chances of preventing Akala Palitya.
A Tool to Measure Entrepreneurial Skill among Agripreneurs
Authors: Elakkiya S. , Asokhan M.
Published: January 2022

Entrepreneurship skills are an individual’s ability to make business in a profitable way. The study focused on to develop a tool to measure the entrepreneurial skill among the agripreneurs by reviewing of literature. Item selection and scoring procedure had been included in this study. Based on the reliability and validity testing, this study finalized the instruments to yielding seven indicators, namely, marketing dimension, psychological magnitude, managerial skill, behavioural skill, technical skill, communication competency, cognitive skill. It is recommended that future researchers apply and thereby extend the developed measure by cross-examining the instruments presented in this study across different entrepreneurs study. The results obtained will be helpful in planning and implementing the capacity development programmes. Among seven indictors and the respective sub indicators, the indicators and sub indicators having above 0.75 relative weightage score had taken for final index. The study found that marketing skill (0.88), psychological magnitude (0.89), behavioural skill (0.79), technical skill (0.83), communication competency (0.93) and cognitive skill (0.89) were the major skill of the agri entrepreneurs, should possess to run their business effectively and efficiently.
Institutional Quality and Industrial Growth: A Causality Analysis
Authors: Babasanya A. O. B. , Adelowokan O. A. , Oyebamiji F. F.
Published: January 2022

The research study investigates the causal links between institutional quality and industrial output growth in Nigeria for the periods 1996:Q1-2018:Q4. Institutional quality was delineated into three i.e. economic institution (government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of corruption), financial institution (contract intensive money, lending rate, and financial deepening), and political institution (voice and accountability, and political stability and absence of violence). The study computed the Granger causality test using both the VECM and the Toda and Yamamoto [1] and Dolado and Lutkepohl [2] (TYDL) augmented VAR procedure. The causality result in the short run showed that none of the institutional quality variables have a causal effect on industrial output growth but the feedback was reported. In the long run, a bi-causal relationship was reported from government effectiveness, control of corruption, financial deepening, and voice and accountability to industrial growth, whereas, a one-way directional relation was found running from industrial growth to regulatory quality and political stability & absence of violence. Thus, there is a need for the government to intensify efforts towards improving the extent people can challenge her power and authority because these play significant roles in the development level of Nigerian industries.
Pharmacopeial Testing of Poly-Herbal Formulation for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: . Farah-Saeed , Alam S. M. , Memon A. S.
Published: January 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a global cause of morbidity and mortality. There is a continuous rise in the patients of diabetes in Pakistan. Many conventional and natural origin medicines are available for maintaining optimum blood sugar level. There is a need to carry out standardization of the natural origin medicine to authenticate their efficacy and safety. The objective of this research work was to carry out preliminary pharmacognostic, phytochemical, biological, pharmacological studies on poly-herbal formulation. The poly-herbal preparation was prepared and evaluated for the standard pharmacopeial tests. The results of the tests performed were found to be adequate to evaluate the poly-herbal formulation and may be used as reference standards in future for further studies.
Distal 3rd Diaphysial Fracture of Humerus Fixed with Dynamic Compression Plate Using Posterior Approach- The Assessment of the Outcome
Authors: Hossain Syed Zakir , Sitan Kazi Noor , Rokonuzzaman S. M. , Shameem Md. Abu Awal , Islam Md. Saiful
Published: January 2022

Objectives: The effectiveness of open reduction and Dynamic Compression Plate (DCP) fixation with or without autogenous bone grafting using the posterior midline approach in the treatment of distal third diaphyseal humeral fractures was assessed.

Methods: For humeral nonunion, comminuted fractures, or early failure of conservative therapies, 33 patients (24 men, 9 women; mean age 37 years; range 20 to 60 years) were operated on. The study was carried out at Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka from July 2005 to December 2006.

Results: After an average of 17 weeks, all of the patients had union (range 14 to 26 weeks).There was no deep infection, nonunion, malunion, implant failure, or nerve injury in any of the patients. In two cases, transient radial nerve palsy occurred. Minor infections were seen in four of the individuals. All of the patients were pain-free after surgery.The functional outcome was outstanding in all instances and good in 16 patients, yielding 87 % satisfying results. Functional outcomes increased considerably postoperatively compared to preoperatively (p<0.001). In 20 individuals, the range of motion of the shoulders was great. The range of motion at the elbow was considerable in 21 patients and moderate in seven others. More than three-quarters of the patients (75.8%) experienced no problems. Four patients (12.1%) were infected, and two patients (6.1%) developed iatrogenic radial nerve palsy as a result of the surgery. One patient (3%) had a loose screw, while another (3%) needed blood transfusions owing to extensive bleeding at the donor graft site.

Conclusion: In distal third humeral fractures, open reduction and posterior DCP fixing, with or without autogenous bone grafting, is a safe and effective treatment option, especially when there is no infection or bony or neurovascular damage. Very few study conducted on distal 3rd diaphysial fracture of humerus fixed with DCP using posterior approach, therefore this study conducted to know the assessment of the outcome.
Measles Neutralization Antibodies and Some Related Factors in Women of Reproductive-age in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Dao Than Huu , Do Loan Phuong , Nguyen Anh Kieu Thi , Inoue Satoshi , Komase Katsuhiro , Hoang Hanh Duc , Nguyen Hien Tran
Published: January 2022

Aims: Our study aimed to determine neutralization antibodies against measles virus and some related factors in women of childbearing-age from 18 to 30 years old, in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Methodology: In 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,235 childbearing-age women from 18-30 years old in Bavi district, Hanoi, Vietnam. The study participants were interviewed by using a structured questionnaire which included demographic information, and history of measles. The measles neutralization antibodies (MNA) of these participants were quantified by a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). The data were analyzed using the Epidata 3.1 and Stata 14.2 software.

Results: The results showed that only 58.5% had MNA at sufficient protective levels (≥120mIU/ml), up to 12.5% were negative for MNA, and 358 women (29%) had MNA at insufficient protective levels. In addition, we found that the participants’ working as public employees, having two children, and being ≥ 25 years of age were all positively associated with the sufficient protective antibody levels (P<0.05). A weak positive correlation between age and MNA titers was determined (r= 0.26).

Conclusion: Approximately half (41.5%) of the women of childbearing age in this study did not have sufficient protective antibodies against measles virus. The study results suggest that it is necessary to boost measles vaccine to prevent the sporadic measles infection in women of childbearing age in Hanoi and to quantify the dynamics of maternal measles antibody levels in infants born from these women, so as to provide evidences to control measles incidence in children up to 9 months of age in the future.
Effect of Soil and Foliar Application of Boron on Yield and Economics of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Ramya N. , Mamatha B. , Reddy K. M. Srinivas , Subbarayappa C. T. , Sukanya T. S.
Published: January 2022

A field experiment entitled "Effect of soil and foliar application of boron on yield and economics of green gram" was carried out during Kharif 2019-20 at ZARS, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru. The field experimental results revealed that significant (p < 0.05) variation in number of pods plant-1 (25.74), number of seeds pod-1 (14.48), test weight of 100 seeds (5.12 g), grain yield (10.19 q ha-1), haulm yield (2.17 t ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.96) were recorded in treatment T10 which received soil application of borax at 2.50 kg ha-1 + foliar application of boric acid at 0.1 % along with package of practice. The number of nodules plant-1 (20.12) was significantly (p < 0.05) highest in treatment T12 which received soil application of borax at 5.00 kg ha-1 + foliar application of boric acid at 0.1% along with RDF over absolute control (14.75). So, from this experiment treatment T10 which received soil application of borax at 2.50 kg ha-1 + foliar application of boric acid at 0.1% along with package of practice shows better results, Since, the present study result one year experiment; further long term and multi-locational trial must be done to confirm the finding.
Prevalence of Malaria and the Use of Long-lasting Insecticide Treated Bed Nets in Households of Rural and Semi-urban Communities in Mbengwi Health District, North West Region, Cameroon
Authors: Nyasa Raymond Babila , Fomundam Muyang Florence , Patrick Chounna Ndongmo Winston , Damian Anong Nota
Published: January 2022

Aims: In Cameroon, on August 2011 and October 2015 the Ministry of Public Health launched the national campaign for distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs) to all families as a means of effectively fighting malaria transmission. The study area Mbengwi Health District found in the North West Region of Cameroon benefitted from this distribution of LLINs, but the impact of this intervention has not been evaluated. This study was designed to assess the use of LLINs in selected households of rural and semi-urban communities in Mbengwi Health District.

Study Design: A cross sectional study was conducted in households, between July 2017 to September 2017 in Mbengwi health district.

Methodology: Two questionnaires were administered; one to the household head and the other to the occupants. Blood samples were obtained to diagnose and quantify malaria parasite and to determine hemoglobin concentrations (HB). A total of 93 households and 440 inhabitants of all sexes and age groups were surveyed.

Results: Of the 440 participants, 49 were positive for malaria parasite giving an overall prevalence of 11.1%. From the questionnaires it was observed that 87 (93.5%) of the households owned LLINs, with up to 82 (94.3%) sleeping under the nets. All the owners of LLINs (87; 100%) obtained the nets from the government free of charge. There was no significant difference in bed-net ownership (p=0.978) and usage (p=0.664) between the rural and semi-urban communities. Malaria prevalence was significantly lower among users of LLINs (4.8%) than non-users (23.5%, p<0.001). Malaria parasite density negatively correlated significantly with HB (r= -0.097, p=0.041).

Conclusion: Overall, there was a high degree ownership and usage of LLINs by households in both rural and semi-urban communities, which was associated with protection from malaria infection.
A Profoundly Touchy Approved Spectrofluorimetric Approach for Assurance of Ixabepilone as Anticancer Drug by Utilizing Its Quenching Impact on Acetoxymercuric Fluorescein Reagent
Authors: Salem Hesham , Abdelaziz Amany , Gamal Aliaa , Sabaa Ramy El
Published: January 2022

A dependable, sensitive, basic and cheap spectrofluorimetric approach has been created for test of sulfur-containing drug; ixabepilone in bulk powder, vials and human plasma. The approach depends on the quenching effect of ixabepilone on the fluorescence intensity of acetoxymercuric fluorescene (AMF) reagent at λem of 530 nm and λex of 500 nm. Parameters which will control the reaction such as pH, AMF solution concentration, temperature, time and solvents were examined and optimized. According to the optimized conditions, the proposed approach was practiced over the concentration area of 20-100 ng mL-1 with adequate linearity (r = 0.9998). The developed approach was approved confirming to ICH rules in terms of accuracy, precision, linearity, LOD and LOQ. The proposed approach was practiced to analyze ixabepilone in Ixempra® vials with satisfactory recovery % of 99.89 and RSE% of 1.24. The results achieved were compared to those achieved by an already reported HPLC approach.
Mebeverine Prescribing in the Outpatient Setting in Riyadh Region
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Alsubaie Mohamed R. , Almutairi Abdullah T.
Published: January 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to explore mebeverine prescribing in the outpatient setting in Riyadh Region.

Methodology: This was a retrospective study that included reviewing the outpatient prescriptions of mebeverine in a governmental hospital in Riyadh Region. The study excluded the prescriptions that were prescribed by other settings and the outpatient prescriptions that didn’t contain an mebeverine.

Results: During the study period between January 2018 to June 2018, mebeverine was prescribed to 113 patients. most of them were females (62.83%). The age of 29.20% of the patients was between 50 and 59 years. Most of the prescriptions that contained mebeverine were written by residents (86.73%) and most of the prescriptions that contained mebeverine were prescribed by internal medicine (34.51%), gastroenterology (23.89%), and emergency (21.24%) departments.

Conclusion: The present study showed that mebeverine was prescribed commonly in the outpatient setting. More studies are needed to explore the frequency of prescribing mebeverine and the frequency of prescribing other antispasmodic medications in different settings.
Habitat Cooling by a Canadian Well in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso): Numerical Approach
Authors: Kaboré Boureima , Ouedraogo Germain Wende Pouiré , Ousmane Moctar , Zoma Vincent , Zeghmati Belkacem , Chesneau Xavier , Kam Sié , Bathiébo Dieudonné Joseph
Published: January 2022

In the Sahelian zone, air cooling in house by air-soil heat exchanger is an alternative in the context of insufficient of electrical energy. This work is about cooling of a habitat in Ouagadougou by numerical approach. Numerical results provided a better understanding of the influence of parameters such as tube length, air velocity and soil temperature on the thermal efficiency of this system. We analyze the effects of parameters such as renewal air flow rate, soil temperature and number of tubes. The results show that during the hot periods of the day, the Canadian well cool air in habitat.
Marginal habitats provide unexpected survival benefits to the alpine marmot
Authors: Ferrari Caterina , Zanet Stefania , Rolando Antonio , Bertolino Sandro , Bassano Bruno , von Hardenberg Achaz
Published: January 2022

Age‐specific survival trajectories can vary significantly among wild populations. Identifying the environmental conditions associated with such variability is of primary importance to understand the dynamics of free‐ranging populations. In this study, we investigated survival variations among alpine marmot (Marmota marmota) families living in areas with opposite environmental characteristics: the typical habitat of the species (alpine meadow) and a marginal area bordering the forest. We used data collected during an 11‐year study in the Gran Paradiso National Park (Italy) and performed a Bayesian survival trajectory analysis on marked individuals. Furthermore, we investigated, at a territorial level, the relationships among demographic parameters and habitat variables by using a path analysis approach. Contrary to our expectations, for most of the marmot's lifespan, survival rate was higher in the marginal site closer to the forest and with lower visibility than in the alpine meadow site. Path analysis indicated that the number of families living close to each other negatively affected the stability of the dominant couple, which in turn affected both juvenile survival and reproduction. Given the lower number of neighboring families which inhabited the marginal site and the potentially different predation pressure by the most effective predator in the area (Aquila chrysaetos), our results suggest that species adapted to live in open habitats may benefit from living in a marginal habitat. This study highlights the importance of habitats bordering the forest in the conservation of alpine marmots.
The role of the introduced rusa deerCervus timorensisfor wildlife hunting in West Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Pangau‐Adam Margaretha , Flassy Marlina , Trei Jan‐Niklas , Waltert Matthias , Soofi Mahmood
Published: January 2022

The rusa deer has been introduced to Merauke region and later to Vogelkop Peninsula in Indonesian New Guinea (West Papua) in 1928. It has widely dispersed across much of the West Papuan lowlands, but little is known on population size and its role for the livelihoods of rural communities. Here, our aim was to assess the population status of rusa deer, and to investigate the extent of hunting practices on this mammal in West Papua.

We conducted camera trapping and line transect surveys simultaneously to estimate rusa deer population abundance in the Kwoor basin of the Tambrauw regency, Papua Barat province, Indonesia. We also interviewed hunters (n = 134), informants (n = 9) and households (n = 91) to assess hunting patterns and socioeconomic importance of rusa deer across 15 districts of the Tambrauw regency.

We estimated rusa deer density within a 48‐km2forested area at 10.34 (5.36–19.98) and 21.04 individuals/km2using line transect andN‐mixture modelling approach using camera trapping data, respectively. Both density estimates are considerably higher than those from its native range in Java and Bali (0.08 individual/km2). Almost 92% of hunters reported that they hunted rusa deer in their traditional forests, being the most frequent amongst the 18 hunted species, particularly for commercial (62%) and subsistence (38%) purposes.

Our results suggest that traditional hunting has become a significant livelihood activity and important income source in the study area. It is therefore imperative to identify potential management strategies on wildlife hunting while also considering that the high densities of introduced rusa deer may potentially exert adverse effects on native flora and fauna.

This study further suggests that traditional knowledge (locally called ‘sasi’ system) and wildlife taboos still govern wildlife hunting and utilization of forest resources in West Papua, and these need to play a role in integrated community‐based wildlife management.