bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Philosophy of social control in industrial society
Authors: Беленкова Оксана , Belenkova Oksana , Вежнина Елена , Vezhnina Elena
Published: January 2018

In the monograph from the position of socio-philosophical methodology explores the nature of social control and its function as a systemic regulator of social production, acting one of the factors responsible for the formation of innovative economy in the post-industrial stage of development of the technogenic civilization. It is proved that in modern Russia the basis of social control as a form of organizational-administrative activity should be historically formed in the Russian society management culture that integrates along with administrative legal principles and standards of control are also elements of the universal moral and ethical values and mental value orientations of all ethnic groups of contemporary Russian society. On the basis of a comprehensive and systematic study of social control in industrial society and substantiates the principles of the formation mechanisms of the relationship between technological, socio-cultural and organizational-managerial spheres of society at the stage of industrial development.
The monograph is intended for specialists working in the field of organization and management of the economic sphere in the conditions emerging in contemporary Russia an innovation economy. It can also be used in educational process in technical universities the study of such disciplines as philosophy and methodology of science, history and philosophy of science, ethics, professional activity, history and theory of social management.
Mind the Gap: Accounting for Measurement Error and Misclassification in Variables Generated via Data Mining
Authors: Yang Mochen , Adomavicius Gediminas , Burtch Gordon , Ren Yuqing
Published: January 2018

The application of predictive data mining techniques in information systems research has grown in recent years, likely because of their effectiveness and scalability in extracting information from large amounts of data. A number of scholars have sought to combine data mining with traditional econometric analyses. Typically, data mining methods are first used to generate new variables (e.g., text sentiment), which are added into subsequent econometric models as independent regressors. However, because prediction is almost always imperfect, variables generated from the first-stage data mining models inevitably contain measurement error or misclassification. These errors, if ignored, can introduce systematic biases into the second-stage econometric estimations and threaten the validity of statistical inference. In this commentary, we examine the nature of this bias, both analytically and empirically, and show that it can be severe even when data mining models exhibit relatively high performance. We then show that this bias becomes increasingly difficult to anticipate as the functional form of the measurement error or the specification of the econometric model grows more complex. We review several methods for error correction and focus on two simulation-based methods, SIMEX and MC-SIMEX, which can be easily parameterized using standard performance metrics from data mining models, such as error variance or the confusion matrix, and can be applied under a wide range of econometric specifications. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of SIMEX and MC-SIMEX by simulations and subsequent application of the methods to econometric estimations employing variables mined from three real-world data sets related to travel, social networking, and crowdfunding campaign websites.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2017.0727 .
ABCDE assessment and the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Steele Andrew , Greenwood Mark , Desai Hannah
Published: January 2018

Whilst life-threatening emergencies are a rare occurrence in dental practice, a sound knowledge of the assessment of the critically unwell patient is vital for a positive patient outcome in a medical emergency. Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) are now routine equipment in the out-of-hospital resuscitation of cardiac arrest and their use in dental practice is expected. This paper will discuss the assessment of the unwell adult patient using the Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability and Exposure (ABCDE) approach and the management of an adult cardiac arrest.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Clinicians should be aware of the correct assessment of a critically unwell patient and the management of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)
Dental burnout – is social media a help or hindrance?
Authors: Bain Crawford , Jerome Lloyd
Published: January 2018

In the past 30 years Burnout has been recognized as a condition separate from, but related to, both Stress and Depression. More recently, Social Media has become the dominant medium of communication and, within dentistry, is used for education, advertising, self-promotion and group discussion. Increasing regulatory requirements, changes in NHS regulations and a more litigious society all contribute to increased pressures on dentists. All of these factors increase the risk of Burnout and this article reviews current information on the condition and the influences, both positive and negative of Social Media on the likelihood of Burnout in dental practitioners.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dentistry is an already highly stressful profession and, while Social Media has the potential to reduce the risk of Burnout, it may also lead to increasing pressure on dentists. This article offers guidance to the clinician in managing these conflicting influences.
Errors and adverse events in dentistry – a review
Authors: Wright Simon , Crofts Gillian , Ucer Cemal , Speechley David
Published: January 2018

As dental professionals we must change the way we think about error. By adopting a more positive, constructive approach, centred around analysing why errors happen, we can then accept our vulnerability and design systems and protocols to prevent errors from occurring. Errors are inextricably linked to human behaviour. Human factors in healthcare are concerned with ensuring patient safety through promoting efficiency, safety and effectiveness by improving the design of technologies, processes and work systems. Essentially, this embraces standardization and involves examining and designing out error.

Health Education England has highlighted education in ‘human factors’ as a priority workstream, however, there are many impediments to progress as system changes are slow and difficult to implement. This effectively means that, at present, it is up to individual practitioners to introduce the concept of human factors into their practices. A number of factors have been identified that are critical to reducing error, namely teamwork, communication, leadership and fatigue. Furthermore, a number of strategies have been implemented in secondary care to help reduce the risk of error, including effective leadership, specific policy and procedure, and monitoring and measuring compliance.

The majority of the causes of error are related to human factors rather than technical ability or inadequate knowledge. This has major implications for primary care practice, as currently we are concentrating our professional development on the use of technology and our intellectual capabilities, rather than implementing education within, and the development of, human factors. It is our recommendation that human factors form part of our undergraduate teaching and core CPD (Continued Professional Development).

CPD/Clinical Relevance: There needs to be a paradigm shift from a culture of blame to a just culture, where it is accepted that, despite our experience, character and talents, we are going to commit errors.
Surgical endodontics to manage a separated instrument: a case report
Authors: Noorani Tahir Yusuf , Ghani Nik Rozainah Nik Abdul , Asif Jawaad Ahmed , Rahim Irshad Abdul
Published: January 2018

Various iatrogenic mishaps can impede adequate biomechanical preparation of the root canal system. Instrument separation can be treated by orthograde retreatment, with or without instrument removal, endodontic surgery or extraction. The aim of this case report is to describe a minor surgical procedure to resect an infected root containing a separated instrument. A fractured instrument was detected in the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar extending beyond the apex. This fractured instrument was serving as a niche for infection and formation of a sinus tract. The fractured instrument could not be retrieved through the root canal, hence the root canal was obturated up to the fractured instrument and the apical half of the mesiobuccal root was resected surgically. At the two years recall the clinical and radiographic outcome was considered favourable.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Endodontic surgery, while classically being considered as the last resort, becomes important when orthograde retreatment fails to remove the cause of persisting infection.
What's left in the cleft? a rare complication following displacement of dental impression material into a palatal cleft
Authors: Datta Srishti , Agarwal Abhishek , Akintola Dapo , Alani Aws
Published: January 2018

Discoveries of foreign bodies lodged in the nose, palate and maxillary sinuses have been well documented. A rare, iatrogenic cause is displacement of dental impression material which, if left undetected at these sites, may lead to acute respiratory obstruction or chronic problems, such as nasal discharge and chronic sinusitis. This article reports the case of acute complications following displacement of dental impression material into a palatal cleft, discusses immediate surgical management, and considers restorative techniques that should be adopted to prevent such complications in patients with cleft palates.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Impression-taking in patients with cleft palate carries significant risks and appropriate referral to a multidisciplinary team is appropiate in order to avoid potentially life-threatening complications.
The Immune System: Basis of so much Health and Disease: 9. Control of Inflammation and Immunity
Authors: Scully Crispian , Georgakopoulou Eleni A , Hassona Yazan
Published: January 2018

The immune system is the body's primary defence mechanism against infections, and disturbances in the system can cause disease if the system fails in defence functions (in immunocompromised people), or if the activity is detrimental to the host (as in auto-immune and auto-inflammatory states). A healthy immune system is also essential to normal health of dental and oral tissues. This series presents the basics for the understanding of the immune system, this article covering control of immunity and inflammation.

Clinical Relevance: Modern dental clinicians need a basic understanding of the immune system as it underlies health and disease.
Medical Histories for the Computerized Practice
Authors: Lilleker Richard
Published: January 2018

Taking a comprehensive medical history is a prerequisite for treating every patient. This paper will explore the current requirements and suggest how computerized practices might efficiently achieve them. It is suggested that practices consider their patient journey and information flow and a medical history form is presented which should facilitate the process. Audit and monitoring provide a means for continual improvements.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Improving the process of taking and recording medical histories will save clinical time and improve patient safety.
Why it is important that we build up a head of STEAM
Authors: Cornwall Francesca
Published: January 2018

You will now find STEM ambassadors and professional experts delivering workshops, training, mentoring and networking in our key stage education system. But what about the early years age range?
When you dance to the beat of a different drum
Authors: Johnson Heidi
Published: January 2018

This article focuses on the great projects carried out in North Yorkshire and beyond that use music to boost confidence and participation among mums and children, while highlighting the observable benefits.
When the professional also needs to be more personal
Authors: Wright David
Published: January 2018

We know that training and development are vital if we are to continue to offer children the best start in life, but how many of us think that it is the sole responsibility of settings or other people to deliver it?
Wonder what I could paint?
Authors: Chalmers Debbie
Published: January 2018

The most versatile and satisfying medium we can offer to children, paint unlocks natural creativity and offers freedom to express ideas and feelings through colour and texture, shape and form.
All the time in the world
Authors: Sargent Marianne
Published: January 2018

This article is an extract from the Practical Pre-School book, Developing Early Maths Skills Outdoors; it explores the notion of time in relation to physical development and a child's mathematical knowledge.
Distraction Osteogenesis Part 1: History and Uses in the Craniofacial Region
Authors: Barber Sophy , Carter Lachlan , Mannion Christopher , Bates Claire
Published: January 2018

Abstract: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a method of biologically creating new bone between surgically cut bone surfaces that are separated in a controlled manner by incremental traction. DO can be used in the craniofacial region to manage developmental and acquired deformity resulting from trauma and pathology. This article aims to outline the history and theory that underpins this technique, with a review of its application in the craniofacial region. A second article will discuss the technical aspects of DO and the role of the interdisciplinary team.

Clinical Relevance: This report is relevant to all orthodontists providing care to patients with complex craniofacial anomalies that require distraction osteogenesis. The scope for application of the technique is described and we aim to provide guidance for clinicians when assessing potential cases for their suitability.
A no-blame culture
Authors: Bromley Matt
Published: January 2018

Our five-part series on the links between leadership approaches and staff retention and recruitment continues. In part four, Matt Bromley considers how a no-blame culture is essential to success, and discusses the vital role of ‘kindness’
Diagnosis and management of impinging spinous processes
Authors: Fiske-Jackson Andy
Published: January 2018

Equine back problems are considered to be a significant cause of poor performance in today's equine athlete, with impinging spinous processes (ISP; ‘kissing spines’) being the most common diagnosis. The aetiology of pain caused by ISP is poorly understood and requires further research. A robust diagnostic workup including exclusion of lameness, diagnostic anaesthesia and radiography will assist the veterinary surgeon in arriving at a secure diagnosis of clinically significant impinging spinous processes. Nuclear scintigraphy can also be utilised. Medication with corticosteroids is frequently used both therapeutically and diagnostically. Surgical options include subtotal ostectomy of the affected spinous processes or interspinous ligament desmotomy. Good success rates are seen with both and the option chosen will depend on the case and surgeon preference.
Not by the book: a experiência de desenvolver material em um curso de Inglês para Propósitos Específicos do Programa Idiomas sem Fronteiras
Authors: Perpétuo Mozer Isadora , Jotto Kawachi-Furlan Cláudia
Published: January 2018

O processo de internacionalização de instituições do ensino superior no Brasil contribuiu para o desenvolvimento de políticas linguísticas, como a implementação do Programa Idiomas sem Fronteiras (IsF). Um dos objetivos do programa é promover a formação de professores de línguas no contexto de internacionalização nas universidades federais. Com o intuito de atender as necessidades dos aprendizes com relação à proficiência linguística em projetos de mobilidade acadêmica e produção cientifica internacional nas universidades, o programa IsF na UFES oferece residência para o preparo e a formação de alunos-professores no ensino de línguas, bem como desenvolvimento de cursos voltados para o Ensino de Inglês para Propósitos Específicos (IPE). Este artigo apresenta a experiência de uma das autoras como professora e elaboradora de material, desde a criação da ementa do curso até o desenvolvimento do material utilizado, além da experiência da outra autora como coordenadora pedagógica do programa. Nesse sentido, o foco deste trabalho é explorar as bases teóricas relacionadas à formação de professores, os cursos de IPE e as decisões tomadas no que tange o desenvolvimento de material didático.
SISTEM PENGHARGAAN MENINGKATKAN KEPUASAN KERJA PERAWAT
Authors: Wahyuni Wahyuni
Published: January 2018

Pendahuluan: Perawat memiliki peranan penting dan menjadi kunci untuk kualitas pelayanan kesehatan karena profesi perawat memberikan pelayanan langsung kepada pasien selama 24 jam. Kemampuan melaksanakan tugas merupakan unsur utama didalam menilai kinerja seseorang, tetapi tanpa didukung oleh suatu kemauan dan motivasi maka tugas tidak akan dapat diselesaikan, padahal jika seseorang telah melaksanakan tugasnya dengan baik maka dia akan mendapatkan kepuasan. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan sistem penghargaan dengan kepuasan kerja perawat. Metode: Penelitian analitik korelasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan tekhnik sampling jenuh, sejumlah 54 orang. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa bivariate menggunakan analisis chi-square (χ2). Hasil: Sistem penghargaan perawat di RSUD Banyudono Boyolali mayoritas tergolong baik, kepuasan kerja perawat mayoritas tergolong puas, dan ada hubungan sistem penghargaan dengan kepuasan kerja perawat di RSUD Banyudono Boyolali dengan p value < 0,05, dengan nilai OR sistempenghargaan sebesar 10,857. Kesimpulan: bahwa ada hubungan sistem penghargaan dengan kepuasan kerja perawat di RSUD Banyudono Boyolali.Kata Kunci: Sistem penghargaan, kepuasan kerja perawat
VARIABEL KEPEMIMPINAN DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Mardikaningsih Rahayu
Published: January 2018

This research aims to study the influence of leadership and work environment to performance. The analysis method applied in study the influence of leadership and work environment to performance are descriptive and quantitative analysis by Multiple Linear Regression model. The statistic test was done by t-test and F-test, where firstly did the classic assumption test before did the statistic test. t-test is used to know the influence of independent variable to the dependent variable partially, while the F-test is used to know the influence of independent variable to the dependent variable simultantly. Variables used in this research are leadership and work environment as independent variables, and performance  as dependent variable.The result of this research show that, partially leadership and work environment partially influence toward performance. Simultaneously leadership and work environment influence toward performance using the regression equation Y = 0.212 + 0.831X1 + 0.361X2. R Square that shows value 0,715 indicates that 71,5% performance can be determined by the independent variable in this research, meanwhile, the remainder 28,5% detemined by other factors which not include in this research.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN SUAMI DENGAN KEIKUTSERTAAN KB JANGKA PANJANGdi BPM Retno Edi S,AMd.Keb SIDOARJO
Authors: Izza Elfa Lailatul
Published: January 2018

One the factors that influence the succes of family planning is husband support. Based on BKKBN data until the end of December 2015, the quantity of PUS (Couple Age Fertile) amounted to 13,46%. This figur is lower than the achievement in 2014 which amounted to 16,51%. While for acceptor of KB injection equal to 49,93%, pill 26,36%, IUD 6,81%, implant equal to 9,63%, other method 2,1% (BKKBN, 2016). This study aims to determine the relationship of husband support with long-term family participation in BPM Sri Hastuti S.ST Surabaya            The type of this research is the observasional design of the population in this study is the family planning acceptors  which amounted to 45 people, the sample in this study is the family planning acceptors in July 2017 which amounted to 40 people. The data of this research was done in July 2017 by using questionnaire and presented in diagram.            Family planning acceptors who have husband support in the selection of long-term contraceptives is 5 people (12%) who didn’t participate some 35 people (88%).            The quantity of family planning acceptors taking long-term contraceptive methods was 19 (47%) while those who did not participated in 21 people (53%). Based on statistical test using chi square, it is found that p value 0,012 < α (0,05) and calculate value x² 6,316 > count value 3,841, in other words, Ho is rejected and Hi is accepted so it can be concluded that there is relationship of husband support with long-term family participation. This is in accordance with the theory that a wife in decision making to use contraception requires approval from the husband because the husband is seen  as the head of the family.
TIPS BELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Nabhan Salim
Published: January 2018

Fasilitas-fasilitas lain yang juga menunjang lembaga pendidikan ini adalah perpustakaan. Perlu diketahui buku adalah jendela dunia. Tidak semua tempat kursus mempunyai perpustakaan sendiri. Perpustakaan di lembaga kursus bahasa Inggris ini, menyediakan buku-buku yang menggunakan bahasa Inggris. Contohnya saja komik anak-anak berbahasa Inggris, novel, majalah dan lain-lain. Untuk membuat perpustakaan yang nyaman, di perlukan fasilitas-fasilitas didalamnya. Contohnya seperti rak buku dan rak majalah yang sudah pasti ada di dalam perpustakaan ini. Fasilitas lainnya sebagai penunjang adalah disediakannya area komputer untuk murid-murid yang ingin browsing, meja dan kursi untuk membaca atau mengerjakan tugas. Funiture juga dibuat dengan ukuran ergonomi, misalkan saja rak buku di buat tidak terlalu tinggi agar pengunjung dapat dengan mudah mengambilnya. Selain ergonomi furnitur, pencahayaan di perpustakaan juga perlu diperhatikan agar pengunjung nyaman berada di dalamnya dan tidak kesulitan untuk membaca.
Existence and uniqueness of solution for Cahn-Hilliard hyperbolic phase field system with Dirichlet boundary conditions and polynomial potential
Authors: Bissouesse A. J. , Moukoko Daniel , Langa Franck , Batchi Macaire
Published: January 2018

Our aim in this article is to study the existence and the uniqueness of solution for Cahn-Hilliard hyperbolic phase-field system, with initial conditions, homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, polynomial potential in a bounded and smooth domain.
Dimensionamiento de Almacén a partir de la Planificación de Requerimiento de Materiales en una Fábrica de Revestimiento de Poliuretano
Authors: Hualpa Zuñiga Andrés Mauricio , Suárez R. Carolina
Published: January 2018

Context: the design of the warehouse is a key factor in the configuration of logistics systems, as it can facilitate the timely management of materials, intermediate and/or final products, improving the time, cost and levels of customer service. To achieve this, experts help is required to integrate within the design an appropriate combination of storage, manipulation of materials and selection of orders. This level of integration, however, has not yet been achieved since the advances in the subject have been addressed from different aspects of the storage problem, but independently.Method: the article presents a method for warehouse layout design in two phases. The first phase defines the variables and parameters that are obtained from the planning of the production; the second phase consists of five stages that culminate in the integral design of the warehouse. In this last phase a modified version of an existing mathematical model of sizing is applied, where a new equation is added.Results: the method is applied to a company that supplies liquid polyurethane in the construction sector. The design generates four options for configuration of shipping and receiving docks and five storage options, where the best option generates an average area, mean real capacity and percentage average of storage utilization of 374,8 m2, 360 pallet and 93,8% respectively. These results are coherent with the dynamics of the company.Conclusions: the method allows evaluating options of the flow configuration and their respective sizing than may influence decisions of great importance in the operational capacity of the company in the short, medium and long term. In the future research is interesting to include new conditions, for example the compatibility of the method with different distributions to the traditional configuration of parallel shelves.
Краевая задача для гиперболического уравнения третьего порядка
с вырождением порядка внутри области
Authors: Макаова Рузанна Хасанбиевна , Makaova Ruzanna Khasanbievna
Published: January 2018

Исследуется краевая задача для гиперболического уравнения третьего порядка с вырождением типа внутри смешанной области. Рассматриваемое уравнение в положительной части области совпадет с уравнением Аллера, которое является уравнением псевдопараболического типа. А в отрицательной части области - с вырождающимся гиперболическим уравнением первого рода, частным случаем которого является уравнение Бицадзе-Лыкова. Доказана теорема существования и единственности решения. Единственность решения задачи доказана с помощью метода Трикоми. Из функциональных соотношений, принесенных на линию вырождения порядка из положительной и отрицательной частей области, приходим к уравнению Вольтерра второго рода типа свертки относительно следа производной искомого решения. Путем применения метода интегрального преобразования Лапласа решение интегрального уравнения находится в явном виде.
Далее решение исследуемой задачи выписывается в явном виде как решение второй краевой задачи для уравнения Аллера в положительной части области и как решение задачи Коши для вырождающегося гиперболического уравнения первого рода в отрицательной части области.
Dwadzieścia lat Rady Języka Polskiego: uchwały ortograficzne a polszczyzna „poprawna, dobra, etyczna i estetyczna”
Authors: Bień Janusz S.
Published: January 2018

The paper presents a detailed analysis of the orthographic resolutions of the Council for the Polish Language at the Presidium of the Polish Academy of Sciences, some background information is also provided. The conclusion is that the resolutions and other opinions of the Council are not formulated in the satisfactory way. Although the Council claims to support the language which is “correct, good, ethical and aesthetical”, such features are not exemplified in the texts discussed in the paper.
Kitabistyka: źródła, metodologia i perspektywy badawcze
Authors: Łapicz Czesław
Published: January 2018

The paper contains a synthetic discussion of original and little known philological manuscripts which had been created since the 16th century by Tatars – Muslims of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – as characteristic Slavic aljamiado. The preserved manuscripts in which Slavic languages – Polish and Belarusian – were recorded in the Arabic alphabet are enormously important for the history of both languages and the Slavic-Oriental language relations. Various types of these historical texts (kitabs, chamails, tajweeds, etc.) contain the first, that is the oldest (16th century), translation of the Quran into a Slavic language (Polish) recorded in the Arabic alphabet (so-called tafsir). These sources are studied within the framework of an original philological sub-discipline of Kitab Studies whose origin and development should be credited to Professor Anton Antonovich from Vilnius University. The author of the paper discusses the research methodology pertaining to these sources, particularly the transliteration of Slavic texts recorded in the Arabic alphabet into the Latin alphabet, and introduces prospective major research tasks for Kitab Studies.
Słowniczek tykociński Zygmunta Glogera – źródła i dokumentacja
Authors: Nowowiejski Bogusław
Published: January 2018

The article focuses on lexicographic means and methods used in the 19th century dialectal lexicography. Zygmunt Gloger in Tykocin Dictionary refers not only to dialect but also to other sources, which makes his work unique. It contains numerous references, especially to literary and historical texts, but also specialised papers. They serve either to prove the presence of a particular word/phrase in the Polish language in the past or in the times of Gloger, or to document the use of selected units in various syntactic and semantic contexts. Scientific references enable to define and to deepen etymology of selected words, or to provide an alternative variation. Referring to various sources in order to show historically or/and geographically determined phonetic, morphological and semantic-lexical forms that differ from forms in Tykocin Dictionary is rare.
The Library of Jiří Ribay and the Potential for Further Research
Authors: Pišna Jan
Published: January 2018

The article deals with the book collection of Jiří Ribay, the structure of his ownership notes (on the title page in the form of ‘Jiřího Ribay’, the year of purchase and the price), extant book catalogues from 1800 and 1803, and the copies preserved in institutional libraries in Europe. It has been shown on specific examples how Ribay acquired his books and how he sold some of the books still in his lifetime (e.g. to Mikuláš Jankovič in 1807). Research into archival documents has revealed some new information on how the former National and University Library in Prague acquired a part of Ribay’s books in 1857. The end of the paper outlines the potential use of a complete edition and a new treatment of Ribay’s catalogues for the history of book culture, retrospective bibliography and literary history.
Preliminary Report on the Thirteenth Excavation Season of the Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga
Authors: Onderka Pavel , Vrtal Vlastimil , Gatzsche Alexander
Published: January 2018

The thirteenth excavation season of the Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga focused on archaeological exploration of the Typhonium (WBN 200) and the nearby cemetery WBN C200, as well as on conservation of structures located in Central Wad Ben Naga.
Monitoring of the Hydrological Balance in the Area of the Kiskunság National Park Directorate
Authors: Bolla Bence , Németh Tamás Márton
Published: January 2018

The aim of this paper is to show how hydrological measurements made in forests and grasslands can contribute to the conservation treatment of ecologically significant habitats. The study was carried out in three different forest stands and their surrounding grasslands in the area of the Kiskunság National Park Directorate between 2012 and 2015. Different methods were applied during the research of the water balance. The average values of canopy interception were 23% in the Scots pine stand and 19.2% in the grey poplar stand. Rainfall quantity, intensity, and dispersion as well as tree structure and health greatly influenced interception. The transpiration values were 205 mm in the coniferous stand, 405 mm in the deciduous stand, and 370 mm in the black locust stand. The water balance of the habitats show that the water uptake is much lower in the grasslands than it is in the surrounding forest stands.
Utilization of Oak (Quercus petreae (Matt.) Liebl.) Bark for Anaerobic Digested Biogas Production
Authors: Makk Ádám Nándor , Rétfalvi Tamás , Hofmann Tamás
Published: January 2018

Fossil fuel depletion has led to an increasing number of research studies and applications focusing on renewable energy, such as different types of biomass. Lignocellulosic biomass represents an abundant source of biomass suitable for energy production in various forms. The present research investigates the application possibility of pedunculate oak bark (Quercus petrea (Matt.) Liebl.) for the production of biogas via anaerobic digestion. This research has significant novelty, as only a few examples on the utilization of tree bark wastes for the production of biogas can be found in the scientific literature. One of the key factors of increasing biogas yield is the efficient hydrolysis of the basic material, which is achieved by different pretreatment methods. In this study, oak bark was pretreated by microwave energy, by extraction, and by the combination of these two methods. The semi-continuous thermophylic anaerobic digestion of untreated oak bark resulted a 76.3 ml/g volatile solid specific methane yield over a 50-day period, which was not significantly lower than methane yield gained from pretreated basic material. Results indicated that oak bark is suitable for the production of biogas even without the application of the investigated pretreatment techniques. As extraction of oak bark does not impair biogas production, the complex biorefinery utilization of oak bark in the form of extraction bark polyphenols and the subsequent anaerobic fermentation of lignocellulosic residue can be accomplished in the future.
Triaxial Compression Testing of Multicomponent Geomaterials from Quartz-Poor (Syenitic) Systems
Authors: Krmíček Lukáš , Závacký Martin
Published: January 2018

This paper focuses on mafic microgranular enclaves enclosed in quartz-poor igneous rocks and their effect on strength properties of the rock massif. The study examines host rock–enclave multicomponent geomaterials from enclave-bearing syenitic rocks from the Třebíč Massif exposed in the Královec quarry near Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou in the Czech Republic. A series of laboratory tests were performed to describe strength properties of individual constituents of the multicomponent geomaterials. We mainly focused on triaxial compression tests, however, rebound hardness, uniaxial compressive strength and indirect tensile strength were determined as well. The obtained results indicate that enclaves and even the contact zones between the enclaves and host rocks do not have any negative influence on the rock strength. In contrast, enclaves represent “stress concentrators” within such multicomponent systems. Strength properties of various multicomponent geomaterials are practically an unexplored topic in the field of rocks mechanics and future studies are needed to establish a robust database describing the behaviour of such geocomposites.
Sedimentological and Scanning Electron Miscroscopic Descriptions of Afowo Oil Sand Deposits, South Western Nigeria
Authors: Akinmosin A , Melifonwu C.V.
Published: January 2018

Sedimentological and scanning electron microscopic analyses of some shallow reservoir tar sand samples in parts of Southwestern Nigeria were carried out with the aim of characterizing the reservoir properties in relation to bitumen saturation and recovery efficiency. The production of impregnated tar from the sands requires the reservoir to be of good quality. A total of thirty samples were collected at different localities within the tar sand belt (ten out of these samples were selected for various reservoir quality analyses based on their textural homogeneity). The result of particle size distribution study showed that bulk of the sands is medium – coarse grained and moderately sorted. The grain morphologies are of low to high sphericity with shapes generally sub-angular to sub-rounded, implying that the sands have undergone a fairly long transportation history with depositional energy having a moderate to high velocity. The quartz content was made up of about 96% of the total mineralogical components; the sediments of the Afowo Formation can be described to be mineralogically and texturally stable. The result of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the oil sands contained minerals which had been precipitated and occurred as pore filling cement; these minerals include sheet kaolinite, block kaolinite, vermiform kaolinite, pyrite crystals and quartz. The SEM images also showed micro-pores ranging from 0.057µm to 0.446µm and fractures. The study showed that the clay minerals contained in the Afowo reservoir rocks were mainly kaolinite. Kaoline unlike some other clays (e.g Montimorillonite) does not swell with water, hence it is not expected to have any negative effects on the reservoir quality, especially during enhanced oil recovery operations.

From overall results of the reservoir quality assessment, Oso J4 and Gbegude sands should be expected to make better reservoirs with good oil recovery efficiency due to their low content of fines and better sorting characteristics when compared to sediments of other areas.
The first record of the invasive Asian fish tapeworm (Schyzocotyle acheilognathi) from an endemic cichlid fish in Madagascar
Authors: Scholz T. , Šimková A. , Razanabolana J. Rasamy , Kuchta R.
Published: January 2018

The Asian fish tapeworm, Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) (Cestoda: Bothriocephalidea), is an invasive parasite of freshwater fishes that have been reported from more than 200 freshwater fish worldwide. It was originally described from a small cyprinid, Acheilognathus rombeus, in Japan but then has spread, usually with carp, minnows or guppies, to all continents including isolated islands such as Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Cuba or Sri Lanka. In the present account, we report the first case of the infection of a native cichlid fish, Ptychochromis cf. inornatus (Perciformes: Cichlidae), endemic to Madagascar, with S. acheilognathi. The way of introduction of this parasite to the island, which is one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, is briefly discussed.
Prevalence of parasitic infections in surgically removed appendices: parasitological and histopathological studies
Authors: Amer A. S. , Saad A. E. , Antonios S. N. , Hasby E. A.
Published: January 2018

Intestinal parasites may cause symptoms similar to acute appendicitis. Moreover, the diagnosis of parasitic infections is only done by post-operative histopathological examination of the appendices. Therefore, our aims are to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among patients who were be appendectomized at Tanta Hospitals, Egypt and to investigate the possible association between these parasitic infections and appendicitis. To achieve these objectives, we performed a cross-sectional study including 65 patients chosen randomly who had undergone appendectomy over a period of one year from Oct 2015 to Oct 2016. Demographic data were retrieved. Complete blood picture was done. Moreover, appendiceal faecolith were examined macroscopically then by direct smear examination, formol-ether concentration technique, modified Ziehl-Nelseen stain and rapid immunochromatographic test. Histopathological examination of resected appendices was done. We found that parasitic infections were detected in 24.6 % of examined cases. Most of parasitic infections were prevalent in patients belonging to the school age group. Different parasitic infections were detected in the faecolith specimens. Moreover, Enterobious vermicularis adult female and Schistosoma mansoni granuloma were detected in histopathological sections. Also, a spectrum of pathological changes in the appendices was found ranging from lymphoid hyperplasia to acute inflammation with peritonitis. In conclusion, intestinal parasites may cause clinical picture similar to that of acute appendicitis. Therefore, careful attention to clinical history, stool examination and high eosinophilia may aid diagnosis and avoid unnecessary appendectomy. Moreover, the presence of different parasitic stages in the narrow lumen of the appendix may have a role in the development of appendicitis and this needs further studies.
The Axon Initial Segment: An Updated Viewpoint
Authors: Leterrier Christophe
Published: January 2018

At the base of axons sits a unique compartment called the axon initial segment (AIS). The AIS generates and shapes the action potential before it is propagated along the axon. Neuronal excitability thus depends crucially on the AIS composition and position, and these adapt to developmental and physiological conditions. The AIS also demarcates the boundary between the somatodendritic and axonal compartments. Recent studies have brought insights into the molecular architecture of the AIS and how it regulates protein trafficking. This Viewpoints article summarizes current knowledge about the AIS and highlights future challenges in understanding this key actor of neuronal physiology.
Notch Suppression Collaborates with Ascl1 and Lin28 to Unleash a Regenerative Response in Fish Retina, But Not in Mice
Authors: Elsaeidi Fairouz , Macpherson Peter , Mills Elizabeth A. , Jui Jonathan , Flannery John G. , Goldman Daniel
Published: January 2018

Müller glial (MG) cells in the zebrafish retina respond to injury by acquiring retinal stem-cell characteristics. Thousands of gene expression changes are associated with this event. Key among these changes is the induction of Ascl1a and Lin28a, two reprogramming factors whose expression is necessary for retina regeneration. Whether these factors are sufficient to drive MG proliferation and subsequent neuronal-fate specification remains unknown. To test this, we conditionally expressed Ascl1a and Lin28a in the uninjured retina of male and female fish. We found that together, their forced expression only stimulates sparse MG proliferation. However, in combination with Notch signaling inhibition, widespread MG proliferation and neuron regeneration ensued. Remarkably, Ascl1 and Lin28a expression in the retina of male and female mice also stimulated sparse MG proliferation, although this was not enhanced when combined with inhibitors of Notch signaling. Lineage tracing in both fish and mice suggested that the proliferating MG generated multipotent progenitors; however, this process was much more efficient in fish than mice. Overall, our studies suggest that the overexpression of Ascl1a and Lin28a in zebrafish, in combination with inhibition of Notch signaling, can phenocopy the effects of retinal injury in Müller glia. Interestingly, Ascl1 and Lin28a seem to have similar effects in fish and mice, whereas Notch signaling may differ. Understanding the different consequences of Notch signaling inhibition in fish and mice, may suggest additional strategies for enhancing retina regeneration in mammals.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMechanisms underlying retina regeneration in fish may suggest strategies for stimulating this process in mammals. Here we report that forced expression of Ascl1 and Lin28a can stimulate sparse MG proliferation in fish and mice; however, only in fish does Notch signaling inhibition collaborate with Ascl1a and Lin28a to stimulate widespread MG proliferation in the uninjured retina. Discerning differences in Notch signaling between fish and mice MG may reveal strategies for stimulating retina regeneration in mammals.
A Collaborator's Reputation Can Bias Decisions and Anxiety under Uncertainty
Authors: Qi Song , Footer Owen , Camerer Colin F. , Mobbs Dean
Published: January 2018

Informational social influence theory posits that under conditions of uncertainty, we are inclined to look to others for advice. This leaves us remarkably vulnerable to being influenced by others' opinions or advice. Rational agents, however, do not blindly seek and act on arbitrary information, but often consider the quality of its source before committing to a course of action. Here, we ask the question of whether a collaborator's reputation can increase their social influence and, in turn, bias perception and anxiety under changing levels of uncertainty. Human male and female participants were asked to provide estimations of dot direction using the random dot motion (RDM) perceptual discrimination task and were paired with transient collaborators of high or low reputation whom provided their own estimations. The RDM varied in degrees of uncertainty and joint performance accuracy was linked to risk of an electric shock. Despite providing identical information, we show that collaborating with a high reputation compared with a low reputation partner, led to significantly more conformity during the RDM task for uncertain perceptual decisions. Consequently, high reputation partners decreased the subjects' anxiety during the anticipatory shock periods. fMRI data showed that parametric changes in conformity resulted in increased activity in the ventromedial PFC, whereas dissent was associated with increased in activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Furthermore, the dACC and insula, regions involved in anticipatory pain, were significantly more active when collaborating with a low reputation partner. These results suggest that information about reputation can influence both cognitive and affective processes and in turn alter the neural circuits that underlie decision-making and emotion.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHumans look to others for advice when making decisions under uncertainty. Rational agents, however, do not blindly seek information, but often consider the quality of its source before committing to a course of action. Here, we ask the question of whether a collaborators' reputation can increase social influence and in turn bias perception and anxiety in the context of perceptual uncertainty. We show that when subjects are partnered with collaborators with a high reputation, this leads to increased conformity during uncertain perceptual decision-making and reduces anxiety when joint performance accuracy leads to an electric shock. Furthermore, our results show that information about reputation alters the neural circuits that underlie decision-making and emotion.
The art education construction of woven craft society in Kudus Regency
Authors: Sugiarto Eko , Rohidi Tjetjep Rohendi , Kartika Dharsono Sony
Published: January 2018

One example of society-based local art which is constantly enculturated is woven craft of Desa Jepang (Jepang Village) Kecamatan Mejobo in Kudus Regency. This paper aims at explaining the enculturation of woven craft grown in Jepang village Kudus Regency Central Java Province Indonesia as a form society-based art education. The approach employed in this study was qualitative with the cased study as the research design. Data were collected through observation, non-structural interview, as well as documentation study with interactive model analysis. Research results show that art education grows within the society as the result of enculturation process of woven craft art in Jepang Village that takes place in the forms of: (1) the transmission of the craft skill and (2) the transmission of socio-cultural values. The transmission process is done between the old and young generations both in informal and non-formal ways. The woven craft of Jepang Village as an art product that has been enculturated is unique in terms of its form, media, technique, idea, as well as the modification aspects.
Visual aesthetic of Petta Puang theater group performance in South Sulawesi
Authors: Mukadas Andi Baetal , Florentinus Totok Sumaryanto
Published: January 2018

This study aims to provide a description of the visual aesthetics contained in the show Puppet Theater Petta Puang in South Sulawesi in connection with the network of symbolic meaning inherent in it. The method used is descriptive-interpretivime method symbolic, with data collection techniques through direct observation, interviews, and documentation. The result of the research shows that in the performance of Petta Puang Puppet Theater there is a visual aesthetic that characterizes the main character «Petta Puang» in every appearance that is jas tutup, songkok guru (songkok to Bone), and lipa ‘sabbe’. Some visual aesthetics have symbolic meaning directly related to the socio-cultural values of the people of South Sulawesi. Lipa ‘sabbe (silk sarong) is a Bugis sarong which has a fine texture as a representation of the tenderness and social politeness of Bugis tribe, while vertical and horizontal lines are markers of human relationship with God and human relationships in the social system. Jas Tutup originally consists of two colors, namely black and white. Two elements of color is a neutral color that confirms the impression of depth and sanctity that became the patron of Bugis tribe values.