bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científifca sobre el cáncer de cérvix en el mundo en Scopus 1971-2020
Authors:   , Haro Orihuela Laura Fernanda , Ramon Carvajal Juana Mireya
Published: May 2023

Introducción: El cáncer de cérvix es un problema de salud pública y considerada como la cuarta neoplasia maligna que más afecta a mujeres. La detección en etapas tempranas es de pronóstico bueno, pero son pocas las mujeres que acuden a los centros de salud u hospitales para realizar este tipo de cribados; por tal motivo, la incidencia y prevalencia mundial aumentará progresivamente. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la producción científica sobre cáncer de cérvix a nivel mundial, lo que permitirá conocer las líneas de investigación sobre ello. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico sobre cáncer de cérvix en la base de datos de Scopus entre 1971 y 2020. La estrategia de búsqueda fue elaborada a través de los sinónimos de Cervical Cancer y se buscó en título de todos los artículos. Se descargaron los artículos originales, revisiones de cualquier idioma desde el año 1971 y 2020. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo mediante el Excel 365, y los gráficos de conglomerados fueron realizados en VosViewer 1.6.18, lo que nos permite observar un resumen de toda base de datos. En este estudio se identificó 3 líneas de investigación como los estudios experimentales, factores de riesgo y diagnóstico y tratamiento. Resultados: Se encontraron 47 452 artículos, de los cuales 43 960 (92.64%) fueron artículos y 3 492 (7.36%) fueron revisiones. Se encontró que 38 669 (81.49%) documentos fueron publicados en inglés. El país con el mayor número de documentos fue Estados Unidos con 9 851 (20.76%), seguido por China con 7 695 (16.21%) y Japón con 3 541 (7.46%). Se identificaron tres líneas de investigación: estudios experimentales, factores de riesgo y diagnóstico, y tratamiento. Además, se observó que en los últimos diez años ha habido un incremento en los estudios experimentales. Conclusiones: Se observó un incremento…
Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de Porphyromonas gingivalis y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans de pacientes con periodontitis crónica frente a moxifloxacina y amoxicilina/ácido clavulánico
Authors:   , Vallejo Lara Geovanna Patricia
Published: May 2023

Las pruebas microbiológicas de laboratorio ayudan a limitar el riesgo de una terapia periodontal errada. Debido a su eficacia microbiológica en pacientes con presencia de Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans y Porphyromonas gingivalis, la amoxicilina/ácido clavulánico sigue siendo el medicamento de elección coadyuvante al raspado y alisado radicular en pacientes con periodontitis crónica. Por otro lado, el moxifloxacino puede ser un medicamento de elección en caso de que exista alergia o intolerancia a tratamientos realizados con amoxicilina/ácido clavulánico.
WITHDRAWN: Comparison of localized mandible morphology between patients with impacted and non-impacted mandibular second molars in three dimensions
Authors: Zhou Zhijie , Huang Jialiang , Zhang Fan , Xu Yan
Published: May 2023

Objectives
To investigate the morphological differences of localized mandible between patients with impacted mandibular second molars (MM2) and non-impacted patients through mandibular measurements in three dimensions.
Materials and methods
The 222 subjects who underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) were included and divided into three groups. Group 1 (G1) comprised 64 patients with unilaterally impacted MM2, group 2 (G2) was composed of 54 patients with bilaterally impacted MM2, and group 3 (G3) was made up of 104 age- and sex-matched controls. 24 measurements were selected, including 21 linear measurements and 3 angular measurements.
Results
The width of mandibular first molar (MM1), the length and width of MM2, the angle between MM1 and MM2, the angle between MM2 and ascending mandibular ramus (MR) were higher in G1 and G2 than in G3 (P < 0.05). Also, the length of MM1 and MM2, the angle between MM1 and MM2 were statistically higher in the impacted side than in the non-impacted side for G1. There was positive correlation between impacted MM2 and the length, the width of MM2, the angle between MM2 and MR, but the length between MM1 and MR, the length of alveolar bone for eruption of MM2 had negative effects.
Conclusions
The crown of MM1 and MM2 were larger in the patient of impacted MM2. The eruption space of MM2 was insufficient, while the width of mandibular arch were not affected in impacted patients.
Clinical Relevance
Impacted mandibular second molars are more common in clinic.
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw using periodontitis- induced rat before tooth extraction
Authors: Park Kyeong-Mee , Cheong Jieun , Pang Nan-Sim , Kim Kee-Deog , Lee Jung-Seok , Park Wonse
Published: May 2023

Objective This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) after tooth extraction due to periodontitis in ovariectomized rats.Methods Twenty-four osteoporosis-induced rats were administered with zoledronic acid (ZA; ZA group) or saline (CONT group). In both groups, tooth extraction was performed after inducing periodontitis, and all animals were sacrificed 8-week after tooth extraction.Results Micro-CT of the tibia showed that the bone volume fraction, bone surface density, trabecular number, and bone mineral density were significantly higher in the ZA group than in the CONT group. Histologically, the proliferative zone on the growth plate was thicker in the ZA group than in the CONT group. Micro-CT of the extraction sites revealed that the bone volume fraction was significantly higher in the ZA group than in the CONT group. Radiologically, the ZA group showed partial healing and delayed healing. Histological analysis revealed normal bone healing status with completely healed epithelium in the extraction sites of the CONT group, whereas abnormal empty osteocytes in the necrotic bone and inflammatory infiltration were observed in the ZA group.Conclusion The incidence of MRONJ increased in the rats administered with ZA.
Deep Neural Network-based Synthetic Image Digital Fluoroscopy Using Digitally Reconstructed Tomography
Authors: Mori Shinichiro , Hirai Ryusuke , Sakata Yukinobu , Tachibana Yasuhiko , Koto Masashi , Ishikawa Hitoshi
Published: May 2023

We developed a deep neural network (DNN) to generate X-ray flat panel detector (FPD) images from digitally reconstructed radiographic (DRR) images. FPD and treatment planning CT images were acquired from patients with prostate and head and neck (H&N) malignancies. The DNN parameters were optimized for FPD image) synthesis. The synthetic FPD images’ features were evaluated to compare to the corresponding ground-truth FPD images using mean absolute error (MAE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity index measure (SSIM). The image quality of the synthetic FPD image was also compared with that of the DRR image to understand the performance of our DNN. For the prostate cases, the MAE of the synthetic FPD image was improved (= 0.12 ± 0.02) from that of the input DRR image (= 0.35 ± 0.08). The synthetic FPD image showed higher PSNRs (= 16.81 ± 1.54 dB) than those of the DRR image (= 8.74 ± 1.56 dB), while SSIMs for both images (= 0.69) were almost the same. All metrics for the synthetic FPD images of the H&N cases were improved (MAE 0.08 ± 0.03, PSNR 19.40 ± 2.83 dB, and SSIM 0.80 ± 0.04) compared to those for the DRR image (MAE 0.48 ± 0.11, PSNR 5.74 ± 1.63 dB, and SSIM 0.52 ± 0.09). Our DNN successfully generated FPD images from DRR images. This technique would be useful to increase throughput when images from two different modalities are compared by visual inspection.
Correlation between soil physical parameters and the dynamic resistance in Penka-Michel (Western Cameroon) and its surroundings.
Authors: Wouatong Armand Sylvain Ludovic , Suffeu Thiery Blondel , Djoumbi Verlène Hardy Njuikom , Kenfack Jean , Kentsa Bertille Ilalie Manefouet , Ngueveu Eric Donald Teikeu , Messe Malick Rosvelt Demanou , Wouatong Armand Sylvain Ludovic , Yato Valentine Katte
Published: May 2023

Proper foundation design will first of all entail a site investigation to obtain the relevant parameters to proceed with the design. A mathematical model was developed to determine the dynamic resistance of the soils of Penka-Michel and its surroundings using the Dynamic Light Probe (DLP) from soil physical parameters. Field investigations reveal the soils were predominantly fine-grained soils with modest dynamic resistance values. The results of the identification tests allowed them to be classified as plastic clay soils (A3) in the GTR classification system. According to the Unified Soil Classification System, the soils studied belong mainly to the classes of very plastic clays and silts (CH and MH), as well as clayey sands (SC) and low plasticity silt (ML). Correlation analysis carried out between dynamic resistance and physical characteristics showed significant correlations between dynamic resistance and the water content (ω) on one hand and between dynamic resistance and porosity (n) on the other. In this analysis, the quadratic model gave strong coefficients of determination (R2) equal to 0.76 and 0.74 for Pearson's correlation coefficients (R) equal to -0.76 and − 0.83 respectively between the relationships cited. These coefficients showed that dynamic resistance, water content (ω) and porosity (n) are well correlated both qualitatively and quantitatively. The mathematical model developed from these physical characteristics is given as: \({Q_d}_{{_{{\exp }}}}=8.86 - 0.34\omega - 1.75n+0.72\omega n - 29.46{n^2}\). This model can be used to determine the dynamic resistance of the soils of Penka-Michel and its surrounding, providing estimates for an informed foundation design.
Utilization and Outcomes of the 21-Gene Recurrence Score in pN2 Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Haque Waqar Mohammad , Verma Vivek , Mangalampalli Niva , Butler E. Brian , Sun Kai , Jain Dharamvir , Arentz Candy , Teh Bin S , Schwartz Mary R
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND The 21-gene assay (Oncotype DX®) can be used to guide use of chemotherapy in the management of patients with pN1 [1–3 positive lymph nodes (LNs)] breast cancer, specifically with respect to assessing potential benefit of chemotherapy. However, practice patterns based on this assay, as well as associated outcomes, have not been prospectively evaluated for pN2 (4–9 positive LNs) disease.METHODS The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for women with newly-diagnosed, non-metastatic, hormone receptor-positive, Her2-negative, pN2 breast cancer who underwent adjuvant endocrine therapy. Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated overall survival (OS); Cox proportional hazards modeling determined variables associated with OS.RESULTS Of 1,658 patients, 1,109 (67%) received chemotherapy and 549 (33%) did not. Chemotherapy was administered to 54% of patients with a low-risk recurrence score (RS), 67% for intermediate-risk RS, and 75% for high-risk RS. The median follow-up was 49.9 months (interquartile range, 33.6–71.2 months). Chemotherapy was associated with improved 5-year OS in low-risk RS (95.5% vs. 87.4%), intermediate-risk RS (91.9% vs. 83.5%), and high-risk RS (81.3% vs. 50.2%) (p ≤ 0.001 for all). On Cox multivariable analysis, chemotherapy and the RS risk group significantly associated with OS (p < 0.05 for both). Further subset analysis revealed that the benefit of chemotherapy was independent of the RS, LN ratio, and the extent of LN dissection. Qualitatively, patients over 70 years of age appeared to benefit comparatively less from chemotherapy.CONCLUSIONS Despite the underutilization of chemotherapy for hormone receptor-positive, Her2-negative, pN2 patients, it was associated with improved OS for all 21-gene panel risk groups. These results support the existing standard of chemotherapy for this population, although its omission could be considered in patients over 70 years of age.
Crown ether functionalized silver nanoparticles for colorimetric detection of alkali earth metals in real boiler feed water samples
Authors: P Sivakumar , S Priyatharshni , K.B Nagashanmugam , R Rajan , R Lavanya , N Prabhu , S Ponnusamy , G Pradeesh
Published: May 2023

In the steam boiler industry, it is very important to use boiler feed water with high purity to ensure proper operation and efficiency of the boilers. However, most of the water resources in our earth crust are contaminated with the dissolved solids especially alkali earth metals. When we use boiler feed water contaminated with alkali earth metals directly in steam boilers it causes several troubles to the boilers including scale and sludge formation, priming and foaming, caustic embrittlement and eventually boiler corrosion. Therefore, it is essential to employ an analytical method to detect alkali earth metals in boiler feed water samples. Here we develop a highly specific 4’-aminobenzo-18-crown-6 (ABCE) modified Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs@ABCE) for the detection of alkali earth metals in boiler feed waters. We have used deionized water, drinking and tap water as boiler feed water samples for the investigations with our functionalized Ag probe. The final result shows that our Ag NPs@ABCE probe can be used for detecting alkali earth metals in boiler feed waters with higher sensitivity and selectivity.
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Postoperative Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure following Emergency Surgical Procedures at the causality theatre, Mulago National Referral Hospital.
Authors: Waswa Peter , Basenero Andrew , Singura Peninah , Kwizera Arthur , Erebu Erasmus Okello , Lubuulwa Clare Frances , Galenda Barbara
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Postoperative hypoxemic respiratory failure (PHRF) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in emergency surgery and anesthesia [1]. Identifying patients at risk for PHRF is important for better patient outcomes. There is however little data describing the burden of PHRF and its risk factors in low-resource- setting such as Uganda. This study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of postoperative hypoxemic respiratory failure following emergency surgical procedures at the causality theatre, Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH).
Methods:Patients who underwent emergency surgery at the causality theatre of MNRH between March and April 2022 were assessed for PHRF within the first 5 days of postoperative. Background data were collected using questionnaires and medical records to assess risk factors. The patients were then followed up for 28 days post-operative to assess mortality. Analysis was done using Stata version 15 and Poisson regression was done to assess the risk factors for PHRF.
Results: Out of 389 participants recruited, 345 participants had their data analyzed. 78.3% were male and the mean age of the participants was 39.0 years. 14.5% developed PHRF within the first five postoperative days which was the overall incidence of PHRF. At multivariate analysis, four factors were significantly associated with the incidence of PHRF, that is, ASA score > 2 with a ninefold risk (8.58, 3.75-19.62, p <0.001), cigarette smoking with a fourfold risk (4.20, 2.03-8.71, p<0.001), estimated blood loss of over 100mls with a threefold risk (2.5, 1.59- 4.54, p < 0.001), and presence of a nasogastric tube preoperatively with a fivefold risk (5.20, 2.31-11.69, p<0.001). The mean hospital length of stay was substantially prolonged for those with PHRF within the first five days of surgery; 13 days’ vs 5 days in those without. The overall mortality on day 28 was 1 death per 1000 days of observation in those without PHRF vs. 40 deaths per 1000 days of observation in patients who developed PHRF.
Conclusions: PHRF is common within the first 5 days of post-operative with a high incidence rate of 14.5% following emergency surgery. Close monitoring of emergency surgical patients especially those with a smoking history, high blood loss, ASA score >2, or using a nasogastric tube preoperatively to allow early recognition and treatment of PHRF may reduce the risk of death.
Clinical benefits of tomosynthesis-guided vacuum assisted breast biopsy: A comparison with stereotactic vacuum assisted biopsy
Authors: Kasahara Mikiko , Kanematsu Sayaka , Tanaka Yoshihito , Okazaki Satoshi , Watatani Masahiro
Published: May 2023

Background Tomosynthesis-guided vacuum assisted breast biopsy (3D-VAB) has been used increasingly and it is now replacing stereotactic vacuum assisted biopsy (2D-VAB). The aim of our study is to compare the clinical effectiveness of 3D-VAB and 2D-VAB on the number of tissue cores containing targeted calcifications and on the procedure time.Methods Consecutive 87 women who underwent biopsy at our hospital from April 2020 to March 2022 for calcifications mammographically suspicious of malignancy were included in this study: 57 patients with 3D-VAB and 30 patients with 2D-VAB. The procedure time was defined as the time between scout tomosynthesis for 3D-VAB and scout stereo images for 2D-VAB as a start and confirmation of targeted calcifications by specimen radiography as an end.Results Grouped or clustered calcified lesions were found in 39 and 21 patients among the 3D-VAB group and the 2D-VAB group, respectively. A mean long diameter and a mean area of the grouped or clustered calcified lesions of 39 patients were 9 mm and 50 mm2 from a MLO view. With the 21 cases of the 2D-VAB group, the corresponding figures were 10 mm and 78 mm2 from a MLO view. The mean number of tissue cores per biopsy containing targeted calcifications from the grouped or clustered calcified lesions was 3 and 2.3 specimens for 39 patients of the 3D-VAB group and for 21 patients of the 2D-VAB group, respectively. The mean procedure time for grouped or clustered calcifications was significantly shorter in the 3D-VAB group than in the 2D-VAB group (16.5 min vs. 27.4 min, P < 0.01). For all 87 patients, the mean procedure time was 18.1 minutes for 57 3D-VAB patients and 27.7 minutes for 30 2D-VAB patients, thus being significantly shorter with 3D-VAB than 2D-VAB (P < 0.01).Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the clinical performance of 3D-VAB is superior to that of 2D-VAB and that the significant reduction in examination time with 3D-VAB compared with 2D-VAB is expected to benefit patients.
Hydrogen and carbon monoxide separation performance of metal organic frameworks based on Cu- and Zn-BTC: A density functional theory study
Authors: Banijamali Fatemehsadat , Maghari Ali
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach was used to study the interaction of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with the paddle wheel structures of Cu2(bmc)4 and Zn2(bmc)4 to investigate the separation of a CO/H2 mixture. An attempt was made to apply the B3LYP functional using the def2-tzvp and LANL basis sets to investigate this separation. Different orientations of hydrogen and carbon monoxide through adsorption on the metal sites of these structures were investigated and their single point energies were obtained. Binding energies and H2/CO adsorption enthalpy values were reported.
Deep Learning Architectures Framework for Emerging Outbreak Forecasting of Mpox: A Bagged Ensemble Scheme to Model Accurate Prediction Intervals
Authors: Soto-Ferrari Milton , Carrasco-Pena Alejandro , Prieto Diana
Published: May 2023

Background The Mpox virus is a disease of rare occurrence from the same family as the variola virus, which is hardly ever fatal, and its symptoms are like the ones of smallpox. As the outbreak was emerging in Brazil, the frail post-pandemic public health system and stigmatization yielded substandard data collection of confirmed cases. As of the beginning of 2023, the established case trend is short and has noisy patterns that challenge most existing forecasting methods.Methods To extend the modeling choices for emerging outbreaks with volatile and short-term confirmed case data, we evaluate the performance of multiple deep learning architectures, including Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), unidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), and Convolutional Neural Network-Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM). We further developed a bagged ensemble methodology (i.e., BaLSTM) with the best-identified method for predicting the Mpox emerging outbreak in Brazil. Our evaluation dataset consists of Brazil’s weekly Mpox cases from July 2022 to January 2023, contrasting the performance for the coming six weeks. Additionally, accepted machine-learning models were built to predict weekly confirmed cases to compare the relative performance of our implementation. We evaluated the performance of our deep learning architectures with exponential smoothing (ETS), ARIMA, Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and Neural Networks Autoregression (NNAR).Results Based on the results, the BaLSTM approach achieves an accuracy of 80.83% when considering its associated prediction intervals, translating into a 45% improvement in measuring forecast errors for the Mpox Brazil cases when evaluated with the remaining assessed methods. The proposed model can capture trends and patterns in the time series while considering the intrinsic attributes of the sample.Conclusions Implementation such as those described in this research will become increasingly crucial in predicting emerging epidemics with a small sample size and an apparent uncertain behavior.
The Capsicum terpenoid biosynthetic module is affected by spider-mite herbivory
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Kashkooli Arman Beyraghdar , Blom Suze , Zhao Tao , Bouwmeester Harro J. , Kappers Iris
Published: May 2023

In response to herbivory, Capsicumannuum leaves adapt their specialized metabolome that may protect the plant against herbivore feeding either directly or indirectly through volatile metabolites acting as cues for natural enemies of the herbivore. The volatile blend of spider-mite infested leaves differs from non-challenged leaves predominantly by a higher contribution of mono- and sesquiterpenes. In addition to these terpenoids released into the headspace, also the terpenoid composition of the leaves alters upon herbivory. All this suggests an important role for terpenoids and their biosynthetic machinery in the defence against herbivory. Here, we show that the C. annuum genome contains a terpene synthase (TPS) gene family of 103 putative members of which structural analysis revealed that 27 encode functional enzymes. Transcriptome analysis showed that several TPS loci were differentially expressed upon herbivory in leaves of two C.annuum genotypes. The relative expression of upstream biosynthetic genes from the mevalonate and the methylerythritol phosphate pathway also altered upon herbivory, revealing a shift in the metabolic flux through the terpene biosynthetic module. The expression of multiple genes potentially acting downstream of the TPSs, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, UDP-glucosyl transferases and transcription factors strongly correlated with the herbivory-induced TPS genes. A selection of herbivory-induced TPS genes was functionally characterized through heterologous expression and the products that these enzymes catalysed match with the volatile and non-volatile terpenoids induced in response to herbivory.
Symptoms and Quality of Life Characteristics of Family Therapy Patients Infected with Omicron in China ——a Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: LI Zidong , Lei GAO , Lin ZHU
Published: May 2023

Objectives To describe the clinical symptoms and quality of life characteristics of family therapy patients after infection with omicron in China.Methods We conducted a survey of 732 Chinese residents and screened 526 patients who had been infected with Omicron. These patients received treatment at home and have recovered. We conducted a retrospective survey of symptoms and quality of life in these patients.Results Fever is the most common symptom with an incidence of 88.97% among Omicron infected individuals treated at home, and followed by cough, headache, rhinobyon, and weakness. During the acute phase after infection with omicron, the sleep quality and appetite of patients decrease to varying degrees. What’s more, physical fatigue in infected individuals was significantly more severe than in uninfected individuals. It took about 2 to 3days to recover from symptoms in the acute phase for patients with mild symptoms of Omicron treated at home, however it took 1 to 2 months to recover from fatigue and other syndromes of Omicron.Conclusion Fever is the most typical symptom of Omicron infected patients undergoing home treatment. COVID-19 has a negative impact on sleep quality and appetite, and has a short-term impact on work and learning.
Salmonella adhesion decreased by hypoxia due to adhesion and motility structures crosstalk
Authors: Grzymajlo Krzysztof , Dutkiewicz Agata , Czajkowska Joanna , Carolak Ewa , Aleksandrowicz Adrianna , Waszczuk Wiktoria
Published: May 2023

Initial stages of SalmonellaTyphimurium infection involves a series of coordinated events aimed at reaching, attaching to, and invading host cells. Virulence factors such as flagella, fimbriae, and secretion systems play crucial roles in these events and are regulated in response to the host environment. The first point of contact between the pathogen and host is the intestinal epithelial layer, which normally serves as a barrier against invading pathogens, but can also be an entry site for pathogens. The integrity of this barrier can be modulated by hypoxic environment of the intestines, created by the presence of trillions of microbes. Variable oxygen concentrations can strongly affect many functions of the gut, including secretion of cytokines and growth factors from the host site and affect the ability of Salmonella to persist, invade, and replicate. In this study, we investigated the first stages of Salmonella Typhimurium infection under hypoxic conditions and found that low oxygen levels significantly decreased bacterial adhesion. Our study also identified a hypoxia-specific cross-talk between the expression of type 1 fimbriae and flagella, suggesting that altered flagellin expression levels affect the motility of bacteria and further impact their adhesion level, biofilm formation ability, and innate immune response. Overall, understanding how Salmonella interacts with its variable host environment provides insights into the virulence mechanisms of the bacterium and information regarding strategies for preventing or treating infections. Further research is required to fully understand the complex interplay between Salmonella and its host environment.
From massive pulmonary embolism to successful extracorporeal life support: Supportive role of point-of-care ultrasound.
Authors: Venkata Chakradhar , Sermadevi Vinaya , Plisco Michael , Kasal Jan
Published: May 2023

Background: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) allows the clinician to accurately identify various types of shock and target therapeutic interventions accordingly in critically ill patients. In this report, we describe the rapid and opportune utilization of POCUS in diagnosing and treating a patient with a massive pulmonary embolism who required extracorporeal life support (ECLS).
Case Presentation: A 45-year-old man presented to the emergency department with dyspnea, cough, and hemoptysis. A computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the chest performed at an urgent care clinic the same day showed near-completely occlusive emboli within the distal main pulmonary arteries bilaterally with suggested right ventricular strain. The comprehensive echocardiogram revealed dilated right ventricle (RV) with severely reduced systolic function. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and treated with unfractionated heparin.
As the patient was preparing for transfer to the medical ward on day 3 of hospitalization, he had an acute episode of near-syncope and soon became pulseless. An ECLS consult was activated for lack of sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) despite ongoing CPR and administration of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), crystalloids, epinephrine, and bicarbonate boluses. A POCUS performed by the intensivist showed organized cardiac activity with a severely dilated RV, flattened intraventricular septum, and underfilled LV in the absence of a detectable pulse, suggestive of pseudo-pulseless electrical activity. He was cannulated under real-time ultrasound guidance for establishing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) to provide full cardiac support. His ICU course was complicated by bleeding and persistent RV dysfunction. Utilization of POCUS helped narrow the differential diagnoses for circulatory failure in the ICU course. The patient was weaned off ECMO support after 48 hours and discharged to a rehabilitation facility on hospital day 27 with intact neurologic function.
Conclusion: This case describes a near-fatal complication of pulmonary embolism and highlights the importance of POCUS for rapid diagnosis of the etiology of cardiac arrest and timely initiation of ECLS. POCUS can complement the comprehensive echocardiogram and narrow the differential diagnoses during clinical deterioration. Intensivists should be proficient in acquiring, interpreting, and integrating POCUS into their clinical practice.
Bacillus velezensis WSW007 Different Concentrations Volatile Organic Compounds Stimulated Tobacco Growth by Up-regulating the Expression of Genes Related to Plant Growth and Development
Authors: He Yuxi , Peng Jieli , Jia Nan , Wang Xu , Ma Jia , Wang Hao , Zhang Cuimian , Wang Entao , Hu Dong , Wang Zhanwu
Published: May 2023

Background and aims
In order to investigate the mechanism of plant growth promoting (PGP) effects of strain Bacillus velezensisWSW007, its PGP traits including indoleacetic acid production, siderophore production, phosphate solubilization and production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were tested.
Methods
The effects of VOCs produced by strain WSW007 on plant growth were observed by co-culturing this strain with tobacco seedlings in I-plates. Meanwhile, the effects of VOCs on tobacco gene expression were estimated by a transcriptome analysis and VOCs were identified by solid phase micro extraction (SPME) method.
Results
Positive reactions for the tested three PGP traits were detected in culture of strain WSW007; while tobacco seedlings co-cultured with strain WSW007 increased the fresh weight up to 143% compared with that of control plants, demonstrating that VOCs production was also a PGP trait. In transcriptome analysis, plants co-cultured with strain WSW007 presented the highest up-regulated expression for the genes involved in plant growth and development processes, implying that the bacterial VOCs played a role as regulator of plant gene expression. It was expected the strain WSW007 has capacity of plant growth promotion, might because affection of two volatiles that 2,3-butanediol and acetoin.
Conclusion
The up-regulation in expression of growth- and development-related genes via VOCsproduction is an important PGP mechanism in strain WSW007. In future study, other volatile compounds produced by strain WSW007 should be examined and revealled the effects of VOCs.
Oral cancer knowledge, attitudes, and practices among senior dental students in Yemen: A multi- institution study
Authors: Shamala Anas , Halboub Esam , Al-Maweri Sadeq Ali , Al-Sharani Hesham , Al-Hadi Mona , Ali Raheq , Laradhi Hajer , Murshed Heba , Mansoor Marwan , Ali Kamran
Published: May 2023

Background: Early detection and timely referral-to-specialized healthcare of Oral Cancer (OC) by different healthcare professionals is crucial for improving treatment outcomes and survival rate of OC patients. This large-scale cross-sectional study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice on OC among senior dental students in Yemen.
Methods. A pre-validated online questionnaire was used for data collection. It consisted of a series of close-ended questions on knowledge, attitudes and practices related to OC. Yemeni dental students in clinical levels (4th and 5th years) from nine dental schools based in four major cities were invited to complete the survey. The study was carried out between May and November 2022. The. SPSS Version 28.0 was used for data analysis.
Results: A total of 927 completed the questionnaire: a response rate of 43%. While the majority identified smoking (93.8%), and smokeless tobacco (92.1%) as potential risk factors of OC, only 76.2% recognized sun exposure as a risk factor for lip cancer and only 50% were aware of old age as a risk factor of OC. Regarding clinical signs of OC, 84.1% reported that OC can present as non-healing ulcer; but only two thirds of the participants recognized that OC can present as a white and/or red lesion. With respect to practices, although 92.1% reported asking their patients regarding oral habits, only 78%, reported they regularly carry out a soft tissue examination. Only 54.5% participants considered themselves to be well-trained to provide smoking cessation advice, and 21% were confident regarding their knowledge on OC. The 5th year students showed significantly better knowledge and practices than the 4th year students did (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: The study highlights significant gaps in knowledge, attitudes, and practices of senior dental students in Yemen on OC, which may impact adversely on early detection, referral, and prevention of OC. The findings underscore the need to improve OC teaching and training of undergraduate dental students and also to provision well-structured continuing professional development activities for dental professionals.
The impact of telemedicine on physician time invested in primary care- A large population-based descriptive study
Authors: Cohen Avivit Golan , Vinker Shlomo , Merzon Eugene , Green Ilan , Israel Ariel
Published: May 2023

Background:Telemedicine, including video visits, telephone visits, and digital correspondence, is increasingly offered by physicians, particularly since the Covid-19 pandemic. It is still unclear whether increasing the variety of services creates an increase in demand and therefore causes an increase in the workload of primary care physicians (PCPs). In this study, we used Accumulated Annual Duration of Time (AADT), an accepted index for assessing the workload of PCPs, to evaluate the impact of telemedicine on demands.Methods:A population-based descriptive study among 464,119 patients who were not diagnosed with Covid-19 and were members of Leumit Health Services, a prominent Israeli health fund, during the 2020-2021 study period. The patients were divided into three groups according to the characteristics of their visits in 2020 and 2021. A comparison of the average AADT in each period considering the changes in the visit types was made.Results:Telemedicine use was higher in older persons, females, those of higher socioeconomic status, and patients with comorbidities. The greater the number of telemedicine visits, the greater the time the PCP spent on visits during the year. The largest increase in AADT (56.1%) was observed in patients who had only face-to-face meetings in 2020 but in 2021 made all types of visits. Overall, there was an increase of 2.5% in time invested in 2021 and a 5.8% increase in the number of patients making digital visits.Conclusions:Policymakers encouraging telemedicine should consider the additional load on PCPs associated with telemedicine use and plan resources accordingly.
VeLeSpa: An inflected verbal lexicon of Peninsular Spanish and a quantitative analysis of paradigmatic predictability
Authors: Herce Borja
Published: May 2023

This paper presents VeLeSpa, a verbal lexicon of Peninsular Spanish, which contains the full paradigms (all 63 cells) in phonological form of 6553 verbs, along with their corresponding frequencies. In this paper, the process and decisions involved in the building of the resource are presented. In addition, based on the most frequent 3000 + verbs, a quantitative analysis is conducted of morphological predictability in Spanish verbal inflection. The results and their drivers are discussed, as well as observed differences with other Romance languages and Latin.
Enablers and Barriers to Handwashing and Vaccine Uptake in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania in Relation to COVID-19 Prevention and Control: A Systematic Review
Authors: Muchangi Josphat Martin , Mturi James , Mukasa Hajra , Kithuki Kioko , Kosgei Sarah Jebet , Kanyangi Lennah Muhoja , Mararo Rogers , Nankaja Mauren
Published: May 2023

Background
The Coronavirus disease 2019 has brought about unprecedented challenges globally, threatening to undo the decades of progress on poverty, health systems and education. Several efforts have been put forward to edge the spread of the covid-19 disease including handwashing and mass vaccination. Despite their proven effectiveness, the uptake is low thus threatening to undermine the future successes of vaccination and handwashing campaigns. This review intends to determine the enablers and barriers to handwashing and vaccine uptake in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania in relation to COVID-19 prevention and control.
Methods
This review was carried according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA-P) guidelines. A comprehensive literature search of studies from three databases: PubMed, Direct science and Google Scholar was conducted. Published studies within the period between December 2019 up to end of January 2023 on enablers and barriers on handwashing and vaccine uptake in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania in relation to COVID-19 prevention and control were assessed and selected.
Results
A total of 391 research were reviewed, and 21 studies eligible for inclusion in the review. Results indicate that in the three countries: Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania; the most cited barriers to handwashing and vaccine uptake include concerns on safety, efficacy, and quality of manufactured vaccines and handwashing practices, lack of awareness, lack of trust to the vaccines and handwashing, myths, misconceptions, and risk-perceptions. Enablers to handwashing and Covid-19 vaccine uptake identified were access to knowledge, access to hand hygiene programmes and water, involvement of community leaders to create awareness and socio-economic factors such as education level and cash incentives.
Conclusion
The study has identified enablers and barriers that can influence the success of these interventions in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania in relation to COVID-19 prevention and control. Stakeholders should formulate strategize to address the identified barriers leveraging on enablers to motivate the individuals to accept vaccination and practice more hand hygiene through creating awareness and sensitization through community leaders, making the vaccines and clean water or soap available and accessible.
Registration
PROSPERO ID CRD42023396303; registered on 2nd February 2023
Improvement of target surface pBRDF model based on scattering and phase function optimization
Authors: Sun hongyu , Yang Di , Fu Qiang , Liu Qing , Zhang Qing , Zhu ZhaoKun , Liu XuanWei , Shi HaoDong , Wang Fang , Li Yingchao , Tan Yu
Published: May 2023

Focusing on the unneglectable error of testing results for the rough surface material by the Priest-Germer (PG) model, the basic model assumption, modeling process, parameters inversion and fitting results are analyzed, and the cause for the error is found out. Taking the physical fact that evanescent wave existing in the fine structured surface as the basis, and ignoring the penetration depth and phase delay, a new assumed surface configuration which is integrated into micro-hemispheroid is created. Then, a new reflectance function is built, the inner scatter function is refined, and a new polarized bidirectional reflection distribution model(pBRDF) is established. Illuminated by full spectrum light in a laboratory, the spectrum testing data of dual-directional reflectance for surface is acquired, and the performance of the PG model and the new model is compared. The result indicates that the new model error in the radiance and the degree of linear polarization (DOLP) is respectively about 35% and 59% of that of the PG model.
A Novel Multi-head Algorithm to Discover all Tandem Repeats in One Scan of DNA Sequences
Authors: Naghibzadeh Mahmoud , Korminejad Kasra , Krishnan Vandhana , Bahmani Amir
Published: May 2023

Tandem repeats (TRs) are subsequences of DNA or any genomic sequence composed of many consecutive repeats of a pattern in the same direction. TRs form about three percent of human DNA. Tandem repeats are extremely unstable and highly vulnerable to mutations. Mutated TRs can cause several diseases, such as neurodegeneration and ovarian insufficiency. The tandem repeats are divided into various classes, and consequently, computer specialists have developed many software packages, each of which is usually able to detect a class of consecutive repeats. The boundaries of these classes of tandem repeats are blurred, and it is often necessary to use more than one software tool to detect all TRs of a range of pattern lengths. Besides, if a TR with a specific pattern length is of interest, the complete software has to be run, and the output has to be manually searched. In this research, a single software package is developed to discover TRs of all repeating pattern lengths. Users are allowed to specify the range of pattern lengths of interest as input to the algorithm. The Multi-head Reader Arm (MRA) Algorithm is based on the idea of a multi-head reader arm moving on a given genomic sequence from beginning to end. Each pair of heads is composed of the base head and one of the other heads and it is responsible for finding all TRs of a specific pattern length. The innovative MRA has the ability to discover both exact and inexact TRs of all pattern lengths. Compared to the existing state-of-the-art TR detection software, we have demonstrated that MRA is superior with respect to simplicity, accuracy, computational time, and space requirement.
SARS-CoV-2 3CL-protease inhibitors derived from ML300: investigation of P1 and replacements of the 1,2,3-benzotriazole
Authors: Hooper Alice , Macdonald Jonathan D. , Reilly Brenna , Maw Joshua , Wirrick Aidan P , Han Sang Hoon , Lindsey A. Abigail , Rico Emma G , Romigh Todd , Goins Christopher M , Wang Nancy S , Stauffer Shaun
Published: May 2023

Starting from compound 5 (CCF0058981), a structure-based optimization of the P1 subsite was performed against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) main protease (3CLpro). Inhibitor 5 and the compounds disclosed bind to 3CLpro using a non-covalent mode of action that utilize a His163 H-bond interaction in the S1 subpocket. In an effort to examine more structurally diverse P1 groups a number of azoles and heterocycles were designed. Several azole ring systems and replacements, including C-linked azoles, with similar or enhanced potency relative to 5 were discovered (28, 29, and 30) with demonstrated IC50 values less than 100 nM. In addition, pyridyl and isoquinoline P1 groups were successful as P1 replacements leading to 3-methyl pyridyl 36 (IC50 = 85 nM) and isoquinoline 27 (IC50 = 26 nM). High resolution X-ray crystal structures of these inhibitors were utilized to confirm binding orientation and guide optimization. These findings have implications towards antiviral development and preparedness to combat SARS-like zoonotic coronavirus outbreaks.
Consideration of the Influences of the Driving Direction within the Calculation of the Pitting Load Carrying Capacity of Bevel and Hypoid Gears
Authors: Constien Lorenz , Drechsel Alexander , Pellkofer Josef , Reimann Tobias , Stahl Karsten
Published: May 2023

Pitting is, besides scuffing, tooth flank fracture and the phenomenon micro pitting, one of the primary failure modes of the flank load carrying capacity of bevel and hypoid gears. The international standard ISO 10300-2:2014 is widely used for the estimation of the flank load carrying capacity of bevel and hypoid gears based on operational data and the macro geometry of the gear set. The calculated safety factors against pitting often show similar values for pinion and wheel. Due to similar safety factors against pitting, the gear is expected to fail as often as the pinion. However, investigations in the field do not confirm this. Initial experimental investigations show an influence of the driven and driving part of the gear set. Within this paper the phenomenon regarding the driven and driving part of the gear set will be discussed and the influence parameter will be clarified. Because of the potential for recuperation in electrified agricultural tractors, railroad trains, hybrid and electrical vehicles, this topic is of great importance. In this context an actual calculation approach based on the standard calculation method of the ISO 10300-2:2014 will be presented and verified with test results.
Earthquakes, Solar Activity, and Background Atmosphere: in search of their association
Authors: Devi M. , Das S. , Medhi A. , Patgiri S. , Barbara A. K. , Oyama K. I.
Published: May 2023

The role of solar activity in the growth of an earthquake (EQ) is the topic of study here, focussing on the correlation & distribution function between global EQ events of M ≥ 4.5 and solar parameters covering seven cycles from 18 to 24. The analysis modes are in two steps: (i) EQ events in a total of all cycles taken under study and solar role on their growth; and (ii) EQ events filtered for a High Solar Active (HSA) and a Low Solar Active (LSA) years for each individual cycle & the respective contribution of solar strength to their occurrences. The paper presents the observation by drawing a relation between EQ event ratio during LSA and HSA year, i.e., EQLSA/EQHSA with the corresponding Rz ratio of the years, an approach adopted to reduce any bias/errors that arise on availability of more EQ data as year advances. The analysis offers a negative cum complex distribution with more EQ cases at 60–70% below the peak Rz when strong solar ambiances are observed to inhibit the growth of severe EQ events. The overall correlation analyses between Rz, geomagnetic indices like Kp/DST, and EQ-events of different magnitudes also provided a conclusion that solar ambiances play a complicated role in the growth process of an EQ. These observations are discussed by invoking the Forbush effect along with the possible contribution of atmospheric variabilities like global temperature, lithosphere heat content, and anthropogenic components.
Simple infinite presentations for the mapping class group of a compact non-orientable surface
Authors: Kobayashi Ryoma
Published: May 2023

Omori and the author [5] have given an infinite presentation for the mapping class group of a compact non-orientable surface. In this paper, we give more simple infinite presentations for this group.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. 20F05, 57M07.
The author was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP19K14542 and 22K13920