bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managerial Challenges of Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Countries
Authors: Soltani Ebrahim , Liao Ying Ying , Iqbal Abdullah , Analoui Farhad
Published: September 2020

The aim of this chapter is to contribute to the further advancement of theoretical and empirical debate on CSR management by yielding support to the multidisciplinary and ‘context-dependent' nature of the field of managerial leadership of CSR and illustrating the various managerial orientations and attitudes of Iran's auto industry. Whilst there was very considerable evidence of the increased emphasis upon Sharia compliance mandate to regulate individual managers' personal values and orientation, there was much less evidence that this had as yet been carried through into similar behavioural and attitudinal changes at organisational and societal levels. Hence, the dominant managerial orientations toward CSR neither brought corporate behaviour up to a level where it was congruent with the prevailing Islamic cultural and societal norms nor it fulfilled the developmental promise of CSR. In a nutshell, the overall trend was incontrovertibly toward more personal/managerial use of CSR and failure to maintain a balance between (normative) developmental and instrumental CSR.
Women at Leadership Positions in Bangladesh Civil Service
Authors: Ara Fardaus
Published: September 2020

This paper discusses the status of women in leadership position in the Bangladesh Civil Service (BCS) following content analysis. This study argues that although the number of women in the class I position in the civil service has increased, their position in terms of power and influence on decision-making is still insignificant. In particular, the number of women in the leadership position in the civil service does not reflect gender parity that the government of Bangladesh is committed to achieve.
Intelligent Assistants and the Internet of Things as the Next Marketing Landscape
Authors: Forrest Edward , Marinchak Christina McDowell , Hoanca Bogdan
Published: September 2020

This entry explores the ramifications of this latest technology platform shift. Just as the Web precipitated the emergence of e-commerce and the smartphone enabled the explosion of social media, the advent of a voice-based interface that allows people access to, communication with, and control of most anything in our world—via the IoT. Accordingly, the objectives of this entry are threefold: review the findings of these initial, and other related articles, in the context of their relevance to the changing business/ marketing landscape defined by voice based interface (VBI) to a world connected to an Internet of Intelligent Things (IoIT); understand the technical specifications and broad-based applications of VBI will be delineated along with the ramifications occasioned by the global diffusion of the IoIT; and, explore the ramifications of this new landscape will be examined through analyses of the most prominent examples of digital assistants that are in use or development.
The New Technological Trends in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) to Unveil Opportunities for Developing Countries
Authors: Seneler Cagla , Kadioglu Rana
Published: September 2020

The main theme of the thesis is how new technological trends will shape the future of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and to provide opportunities for developing countries. CRM is the whole set of methods that companies use to make the most efficient, most effective, and ultimately profitable relationship they have with existing or potential customers. The concepts of internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), cloud CRM and social CRM which are frequently heard today are examined in this thesis. For developing countries, these trends will create various opportunities in particular were explained with examples from Turkey. Although CRM is not a completely understood concept, companies will create the future of CRM by following the new trends.
Eye Tracker Technology in Sports Sponsorship Research
Authors: Leng Ho Keat , Phua Philip
Published: September 2020

Sports sponsorship is a common marketing strategy for many commercial organisations. There has been an interest in examining the effectiveness of this strategy particularly in terms of the recall rate of sponsored brands. In recent years, eye trackers have been employed to provide deeper insights in sports sponsorship research. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the potential contributions and methodological challenges in the use of eye trackers in sports sponsorship research. The paper will conclude with a discussion on the future directions of sports sponsorship research.
Artificial Neural Network in Operation Management Regarding Communication Issue
Authors: Chatterjee Ayan , Sarkar Susmita , Rong Mahendra , Chatterjee Debmallya
Published: September 2020

Communication issue in operation management is important concern in the age of 21st century. In operation, communication can be described based on major three wings- Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP), Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) and Transportation Problem (TP). Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is an important tool to handle these systems. In this chapter, different ANN based models are discussed in a comprehensive way. This chapter deals with how various approaches of ANN help to design the optimal communication network. This comprehensive study is important to the decision makers for the analytical consideration. Although there is a lot of development in this particular domain from a long time ago; but only the revolutionary contributed models are taken into account. Another motivation of this chapter is understanding the importance of ANN in the operation management area.
Decision Support for Smart Manufacturing
Authors: Khakifirooz Marzieh , Fathi Mahdi , Pardalos Panos M. , Power Daniel J.
Published: September 2020

This work introduces a formation and variety of decision-making models based on operations research modeling and optimization techniques in smart manufacturing environments. Unlike traditional manufacturing, the goal of Smart manufacturing is to optimizing concept generation, production, and product transaction and enable flexibility in physical processes to address a dynamic, competitive and global supply chains by using intelligent computerized control, advanced information technology, smart manufacturing technologies and high levels of adaptability. While research in the broad area of smart manufacturing and its challenges in decision making encompasses a wide range of topics and methodologies, we believe this chapter provides a good snapshot of current quantitative modeling approaches, issues, and trends within the field. The chapter aims to provide insights into the system engineering design, emphasizing system requirements analysis and specification, the use of alternative analytical methods and how systems can be evaluated.
Environmental Friendliness in Low Carbon Supply Chain and Operations
Authors: Shaharudin Muhammad Shabir , Fernando Yudi
Published: September 2020

Managing operations in manufacturing industry has progressed significantly over the years due to customer requirements. Globalization and environmental awareness have force firm's operations to align with the direction of environmental management. The importance of carbon emission reduction for environmental management has led firms to adopt low carbon operations practices such as energy management. The emergence of energy management and environmental friendliness principle in business operations have changed the landscape of business competition in the manufacturing industry. Nevertheless, the outcomes and concept remain unclear and availability of limited studies on the specific scope of environmental friendliness have not extensively discussed. As such, the purpose of this chapter is to discuss the environmental friendliness approach in operations from the perspective of manufacturing industry.
Adoption of Blockchain Technology to Improve Integrity of Halal Supply Chain Management
Authors: Fernando Yudi , Darun Mohd Ridzuan , Abideen Ahmed Zainul , Ibrahim Daing Nasir , Tieman Marco , Mohamad Fazeeda
Published: September 2020

The fast-growing number of Halal integrity issues has attracted the scholar's debate on improving integrity in practicing the Halal supply chain. To investigate how firms comply with Halal procedures in supply chain may not possibly provide much potential research gaps. The application of technology in improving Halal supply chain management on blockchain technology should be given urgent priority. The aim of this chapter is to explore the possibility to integrate blockchain technology to improve the use of Halal supply chain management. Blockchain technology will help the Halal based oriented firm in the supply chain to trace the source of the raw materials, products, labeling information, and Halal product distribution to strengthen the supply chain networks. Blockchain technology-driven Halal supply chain shall overcome and surpass issues related to Halal integrity and certifications which could also have an impact globally.
Digital Transformation Journeys
Authors: Janssens Jurgen
Published: September 2020

Big Data and Digitization are among the most talked about concepts of the last years. Whereas Big Data has more and more concrete outcomes, Digitization is still seen as far away future. Nowadays, however, the question is not anymore how to prepare for the upcoming Digitization. The question companies and organizations have to ask themselves is how to adapt to and in today's Digitizing World. A correct translation of this strategy is equally important. It requires a dynamic silver lining, compatible with interactive work clusters and a hybrid organization. Typically, this results in a new way of working and an appropriate approach to power this way of working. The way of working needs to be adapted to the redefined borders between reactivity and proactivity, the need for real-time service and contextual adaptation. It needs to be designed for agility. To provide value, an organic compromise has to be found that answers the need for creative freedom, and the need for a solid structure where guidance, management, and development of human capabilities is possible in a structured way.
Is Psychological Contract Relevant in the Healthcare Sector?
Authors: Ghosh Nitu , Tabassum Fazeelath
Published: September 2020

Psychological contract describes the non-verbal understandings existing between employee and employer through an unwritten, implied agreement determining future obligations and commitments. This chapter throws light on the concept of psychological contract and facilitate the determination of the significant influence of socio-demographic factors on the psychological contract of doctors and nurses and its impact on their behavioral outcomes. There is a need to assess the mental pressures of professionals at the workplace due to poor working conditions, lack of safety and security, lack of trust and authority to take decisions regarding crucial surgeries, and doctors not being treated with dignity and respect. The data is collected from Senior HR managers and doctors from four major hospitals in the Indian IT hub, Bangalore. Data is analysed adopting qualitative research. The study emphasizes the importance of psychological contract in healthcare sector and significance of HR practices is building commitment and positive behavioral outcomes leading to quality healthcare services.
INTERAÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE-EMPRESA PARA DESENVOLVIMENTO EM SANTA CATARINA: CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA O SISTEMA DE INOVAÇÃO ESTADUAL
Authors: Borges William José , Cario Silvio Antonio Ferraz , Zimmermann Helena Cristina
Published: September 2020

Em Santa Catarina, o sistema de inovação é composto por um arranjo institucional voltado a potencializar o desenvolvimento inovativo do estado. O arranjo do sistema de inovação é composto por instituições de ensino, empresas, governo e demais instituições. Em Santa Catarina há uma estrutura universitária, que dentre várias funções, mantém relações interativas com o setor empresarial. No propósito de verificar as características desta interação, recorreu-se a base de dados do Diretório de Grupos do Conselho Nacional para Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Científico (CNPq) para os anos de 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2014 e 2016. Os resultados demonstraram que se elevou o número de universidades, de doutores, de grupos de pesquisa, de interação e de relacionamento com o setor empresarial. Nestes termos, conclui-se que o meio acadêmico de Santa Catarina vem contribuindo para o melhor desempenho do sistema inovativo estadual e do país.
PODERIA A ADMINISTRAÇÃO SER UMA “CIÊNCIA” ESPECÍFICA?
Authors: Pedro Lincoln Carneiro Leão de Mattos
Published: September 2020

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Do depression, fatigue, and body esteem influence premenstrual symptoms in nursing students?
Authors: Lee Eun Joo , Yang Seung Kyoung
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting premenstrual symptoms among nursing students, focusing on depression, fatigue, and body esteem. Methods: The participants were 145 nursing students at a university located in Kyungnam, Korea. Data were collected from November 2 to November 30, 2019 using self-reported structured questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean item score for premenstrual symptoms was 2.52±0.92, indicating a low level. The mean score for depression was 16.05±7.72, and 58.6% of participants were found to be non-depressed, 16.6% to be mildly depressed, 15.2% to be moderately depressed, and 9.7% to be severely depressed. The mean item score for fatigue was 4.84±0.84, indicating a moderate level, and that for body esteem was 2.94±0.44, indicating a moderate level. The premenstrual symptoms of nursing students showed a statistically significant correlation with depression (r=–.58, p<.001), fatigue (r=.33, p<.001), and body esteem (r=–.28, p<.001). The factors impacting the premenstrual symptoms of nursing students were depression (β=.47, p<.001), dysmenorrhea (β=–.18, p=.009), menstrual cycle regularity (β=.17, p=.013), and body esteem (β=–.14, p=.038). The total explanatory power of these variables was 41.0%.Conclusion: The results suggest that intervention programs to relieve the premenstrual symptoms of nursing students should focus on depression, menstrual cycle regularity, dysmenorrhea, and body esteem.
Shear strength of soil by using clam shell waste as recycle aggregate
Authors: Rachmawati Siti Hanggita , Hossain Zakaria , Shiau Jim
Published: September 2020

Every year in Japan, industry and household consumption generate a significant amount of clam shell waste. It has inevitably imposed a negative impact on the national environment and economics. To reduce those effects, this study proposes the reutilisation of abandoned clam shell for ground improvement. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the shear strength of this new construction material. Soils were mixed with various percentages of clam shells as well as cement. The new soil-clam shellcement samples were tested under the triaxial consolidateddrained tests (CD tests). Test results showed that the addition of clam shell and cement in the soil leads to increase deviatoric stress. Furthermore, shear strength parameters of specimens were quantified in terms of cohesion and frictional resistance. Based on the results of the current study, it was concluded that approximately 9.50% increase of frictional angle can be achieved whilst the cohesion can only be improved by 6%. This new construction material can be used in the future for the base course of unpaved roads in agriculture engineering applications.
GASTRONOMY UNIVERSE BY EYES OF PHYSICISTS
Authors: Varlamov Andrey , Rigamonti Attilio
Published: September 2020

After a brief presentation of the general scenario to which the note is connected, the equations involved in some processes related to gastronomy and cuisine activity are derived, only by resorting to dimensional analysis. It is shown how the meat cooking time, or that one for spaghetti preparation can be quantitatively calculated on the basis of the heat conduction or thermal diffusion equations. The processes involved in baking of a good pizza (particularly in a wood oven!) or brewing a good coffee are addressed on the basis of scientific approaches.
The Role and Importance of the Tilt Table Test in Pediatrics
Authors: Begic Zijo , Begic Nedim , Begic Edin , Spahovic Naida
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

The head-up tilt table test is noninvasive diagnostic procedure, which is used in the diagnosis of syncope. Syncope presents a benign short-term disorder of cerebral circulation with the sudden loss of consciousness and muscle tone.

Aim:

The aim is to present not only the role and importance of orthostatic tests in the daily clinical practice of pediatric cardiology, neuropediatrics but also pediatrics in general.

Patients and Methods:

This study has retrospective descriptive character and included the period from April 1997 to June 2020, during which the registration and analysis of orthostatic stability tests (head-up/tilt table test, tilt table test) was performed. Medical documentation of outpatient and hospitalized patients on the Paediatric Clinic of Clinical Center University of Sarajevo (Register of Tilt Table Test) was used.

Results:

During this period, 1029 tests were registered and analyzed. Modification test (head-up) was performed in 132 (12.8%) patients, and since 2008, classic tilt table test was performed in 897 (87.1%) patients. Patients were 6.5–19 years old, with a predominance of female patients 611 (59.4%). There were 519 (50.4%) patients who were 15–19 years old and 510 (49.6%) patients who were under 15 years of age. Indications were syncope or suspected syncope in 671 (65.2%) patients, cardiovascular etiology (arrhythmias, chest pain, congenital heart defects [CHDs], surgically corrected CHDs, hypotension, and hypertension) in 195 (19%) patients, neuropediatric pathology (epilepsia, suspected epilepsia, headache, vertigo) in 101 (9.8%) patients, and other indications in 62 (6.03%) patients. From the total number of tests, 862 were first tests (83.4%) and 167 were control tests (16.3%). The positive test was found in 538 (52.3%) patients, most often vasovagal syncope (473 patients or 87.9%).

Conclusion:

Tilt table test is a reliable diagnostic tool in examining the etiology of syncope, primarily vasovagal, and is an extremely important method primarily in cardiopediatric and neuropediatric daily diagnostics.
Координаты Фенхеля-Нильсена и скобки Голдмана
Authors: Chekhov Leonid Olegovich
Published: September 2020

Показано, что пуассонова скобка на множестве координат смещений, введенная В. В. Фоком в 1997 г., индуцирует скобку Фенхеля-Нильсена на множестве параметров склеек (параметров длин и скруток) для разрезаний на штаны римановых поверхностей с дырками $\Sigma_{g,s}$. Эти структуры обобщаются на случай римановых поверхностей $\Sigma_{g,s,n}$ с дырками и граничными каспами.
Библиография: 49 названий.
Investigating a Mindfulness-Based Intervention as an Attentional Network Training to Improve Cognition in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized-controlled Trial
Authors: Larouche Eddy , Hudon Carol , Goulet Sonia
Published: September 2020

Episodic memory deficits, often combined with impaired attention, are typical in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). A Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) could promote cognitive decline prevention or remediation through attentional network training. This randomized-controlled trial examined MBI’s effects on objective (tests) and subjective (self-reported) measures of memory and attention, compared to a Psychoeducation-Based Intervention (PBI), in 41 older adults with aMCI. No distinctive benefits of the MBI were observed on objective tests, with both interventions improving attentional control. Moreover, the appreciation of one’s cognitive functioning through questionnaires similarly improved for both interventions. Only in semi-structured interviews did a greater proportion of participants report benefits following the MBI compared to the PBI. This study does not provide sufficient support for the implementation of a MBI to enhance objective cognition by means of attentional network training in aMCI. However, it suggests a positive impact of non-pharmacological interventions on perceived cognition.
Título en español.
Authors: F. Sánchez Nieva
Published: September 2020

El jugo de la acerola se extrae exprimiendo la fruta, previamente triturada, en una prensa hidráulica. La recuperación del jugo varía entre un 59 y un 73 por ciento. El rendimiento depende de la presión que se le aplique a la prensa y del estado de madurez de la fruta. El jugo extraído se clarifica por centrifugación y luego se filtra usando un agente filtrador como Hyflo Supercell. Cuando el jugo se pasteuriza, hay una pérdida pequeña en su contenido de ácido ascórbico. Al pasteurizar el jugo, este sufre un cambio en su color y sabor. El jugo debe ser enlatado en latas esmaltadas para evitar un cambio excesivo en el color. Cuando el jugo de la acerola se almacena a una temperatura de 85°F., la pérdida de ácido ascórbico varía entre 66 y 80 por ciento del contenido original, al cabo de un año. Cuando los jugos se almacenan a 45°F., por un año, la pérdida de ácido ascórbico asciende a solamente un 20 por ciento. Aún cuando el sabor del jugo cambia durante el proceso de enlatado, éste puede usarse como fuente de ácido ascórbico para enriquecer otros productos. La adición de 1 parte del jugo de acerolas a 27 partes del jugo a ser enriquecido, es suficiente para enriquecer el producto sin causar cambios en el sabor del mismo.
Effect of synthetic auxins with N2 fixing bacteria on different characters affecting growth and yield in nodulated wheat
Authors: Tomer Reena , Singh S. P. , Kumar Mahesh , Sharma Nidhi
Published: September 2020

In wheat variety C-306, nodule like outgrowths were introduced using, 2,4-D, IBA and NAA in N2 free Hoagland solution. These seedlings were inoculated with Azorhizobium caulinodans (ORS 571) and Nostoc(mixed strain). These treated seedlings were then transferred to pot culture in natural conditions. A set of uninoculated seedlings was also raised in same conditions. Nodule number, ARA and photosynthetic rate was highest in 2,4-D induced seedlings inoculated with Azorhizobium caulinodans while total dry weight, tiller number, leaf area was highest in IBA with Nostoc and most significantly NPK content was also maximum in this combination. Yield was highest in IBA treated seedlings inoculated with Azorhizobium caulinodans.
Biochemical estimation of nutritive parameters in waste seed kernel of Mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Sagar Ankita , Singh R. P.
Published: September 2020

“Super fruit” mango is luscious and most celebrated tropical fruit. It belongs to genus Mangifera and family Anacardiaceae. Mango consists of 33-85 % edible pulp and 9-40 % inedible kernel. Wide varieties of processed products derived from mango pulp. These products are of world wide popularity. Mango kernel is a major waste product obtained after processing. In the present investigation moisture, carbohydrate, protein, crude fiber, ash, and fat content was analyzed in mango kernel. Moisture, carbohydrate, protein, crude fiber, ash, and fat content found were 43.22, 46.85, 4.99, 1.60, 2 and 12.39 respectively in mango kernel. Therefore, it could be utilized as feed stuff and certain processing techniques could help us to enhance quality of feed stuff prepared from mango kernel.
Attitude of Indira Gandhi Open University (IGNOU) students towards Audio Video Programmes
Authors: Srivastava A. K.
Published: September 2020

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Plant microbiome in agro-ecosystem: A sustainable approach
Authors: Kumar Vivek , Kumar Manoj , Tuteja Narendra , Varma Ajit
Published: September 2020

Endophytic microbiome have been found in almost every plant studied, where they colonize the interior tissues of their host plant and may form a range of diverse associations including interdependent, synergistic, mutualistic, commensalistic and trophobiotic. Most endophytic microbes appear to originate from the rhizosphere or phyllosphere; however, some may be transmitted through the seed. Potential endophytic microbiome can encourage and stimulate plant growth and produce and can also act as biocontrol agents. On the other hand, these endophytes can also be valuable to their host plant by producing a wide range of natural products that could be utilized for possible use in medication, agronomy or commerce. Furthermore, it has been revealed that they too have the potential to remove soil contaminants by enhancing phytoremediation process and could play a significant role in soil fertility improvement through nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization. There is an increasing interest in developing the biotechnological applications of potential endophytes for improving crop growth, phytoremediation and the sustainable production of food crops for biomass and biofuel production, which is a viable step towards sustainable agriculture.
Study of nitrogen and GA3 on growth, flowering and bulbs production of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Double
Authors: Sharma A. K. , Nigam Rashmi , Rathi M. S. , Singh Joginder , Godara Amol
Published: September 2020

The present investigation was conducted at Horticultural Research Farm J. V. College, Baraut, Baghpat. The experiment carried out following Complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications of eight treatment combinations including three levels GA3 and single dose of nitrogen, In which Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Double is used to effect on growth, flowering and bulb production response of GA3 (100, 150 and 200 ppm) and single dose of nitrogen 7g along with having control, these doses were applied with check. Growth regulators results also indicated that, GA3 150 ppm and nitrogen @7g/pot decreases the days to sprouting and increases maximum number of sprout per bulb as compared to other treatment of gibberellic acid, while GA3 200 ppm and nitrogen @ 7 g observed the better effect on , number of leaves per plant, length of leaf, days taken to first flowering spike initiation, number of florets per spike, length of spike, number of spikes per plant, weight of spike and bulb production bulbs per plant of tuberose in western Uttar Pradesh condition.
Effect of Azorhizobium caulinodans on yield in plant growth regulator induced nodulated wheat
Authors: Tomer Reena , Singh S. P. , Tomer Varun , Kumar Mahesh , Sharma Nidhi
Published: September 2020

In the laboratory seedling were induced with nodule-like outgrowths using different growth regulators 2,4-D,IBA and NAA in nitrogen free Hoagland solution. Induced seedlings were inoculated with Azorhizobium caulinodans (ORS 571) in wheat variety C-306. One set was also raised as control. The treated paranoulated wheat seedlings were transferred to pot culture. The data was collected on 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing, which reveals that as a Azorhizobium caulinodans with 2,4-D treated plants shows maximum photosynthetic rate followed by NAA and IBA combinations. The biomass production was maximum in Azorhizobium caulinodans treated with 2,4-D followed by IBA and NAA.
Studies on the storage life of Bael (Aegle marmelos Correa)
Authors: Pal Prithvi , Singh S. V. , Singh S. K. , Chandra Subhash , Chataurvedi O. P.
Published: September 2020

The present investigation was carried out on five genotypes of bael, namely, Kaghzi Gonda, Kanpur Local, Basti No. 1, Faizabad Local and Kaghzi Etawah. Physiological weight loss, total soluble solids and spoilage were increase while acidity was decrease of all five genotypes with the storage period. Kaghzi Gonda exhibited higher percentage of weight loss followed by Kaghzi Etawah, Kanpur Local, Faizabad Local and Basti No. 1. Kaghzi Gonda showed highest total soluble solids followed by Kaghzi Etawah, Kanpur Local, Faizabad Local and Basti No. 1. Kaghzi Etawah revealed maximum loss in acidity followed by Kaghzi Gonda. Kaghzi Gonda exhibited maximum spoilage followed by Kaghzi Etawah, Basti No. 1, Kanpur Local and Faizabad Local. Storage life of bael fruits was determined to utilized this fruit for beverage industry.
Phytochemical evaluation of different parts of Clitoria ternatea Linn. var. ternatea
Authors: Dhale D. A.
Published: September 2020

The aim of the present work to study the Pharmacognostic and phytochemical evaluation of different parts properties of Clitoria ternatea Linn. Physiochemical values such as the Moisture contents, percentage of total ash, acid insoluble ash, acid soluble ash, water soluble ash, extractive values as petroleum ether-soluble extractives, ethanol-soluble extractives, and water-soluble extractives were calculated as well as colour reactions of powder and extract with different chemicals were performed to observe fluorescence analysis. The extracts were subjected to qualitative screening test for various constituents. The preliminary phytochemical test on alcoholic and water extracts indicates the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavanoids, saponins, carbohydrates, phenols, lignins and terpenoids. These observations will help in the Pharmacognostical identification and standardization of the drug in the crude form and also to distinguish the drug from its adulteration.
A study to evaluate the effect of phyto silver nano-particles synthesized using Azadiracta indica leaf extract on extracellular fungal amylase and cellulase
Authors: Kapoor Neelesh , Singh Jyoti , Verma Abha
Published: September 2020

In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of plant mediated silver nano-particles against two enzymes i.e. Amylase and Cellulase produced by Aspergillus niger through submerged fermentation under optimum condition and the crude enzyme thus obtained was incubated with the respective substrate in presence of phyto silver nano-particles. The enzyme activity was determined with different concentration of nano-particles. Silver nano-particles were fabricated using leaf extract of Azadiracta indica. The bio-reduction was monitored by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, the possible biomolecules responsible for bioreduction, capping and efficient stabilization were identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, while the size and shape of the synthesized silver nano-particles was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The synthesized silver nano-particles were found to be potentially active in enhancing the activity of fungal amylases and cellulase. The study thereby concludes utilization of plant material for a rapid, simple, cost-effective and ecofriendly alternative for nano-particles synthesis and these silver nano-particles may have potential application in processes that requires amylolytic and cellulolytic activity at commercial or industrial levels. The “green nanotechnology” thus aims to exploit plant materials to generate products and processes that are energy efficient as well as economically and environmentally sustainable.
Diversity through genetic variability and correlation in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat) genotypes
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Dewan Niki
Published: September 2020

Evaluation of diversity through genetic variability and correlation studies on vegetative and floral characters of chrysanthemum genotypes were undertaken at experimental farm, Department of Horticulture, NEHU, Tura Campus, Tura, West Garo Hills District, Meghalaya during 2015-2017.Fifteen varieties namely, Korean Red, Korean Yellow, Solan Shringar, Ramblored, Yellow Star, Calabria, Ajay, AAU Yellow, White Star, Korean Bicolour, Charming, Lysid, Safin, Shayana and Gambit were selected for their evaluation. The range of variation was high for number of leaves (38.24-125.11) followed by days to bud initiation (34.60-94.66). Highest phenotypic and genotypic variances were observed for number of leaves (699.74 and 699.70), respectively. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits. Maximum PCV and GCV was observed for dry weight (89.73 and 89.17) followed by number of flowers per spray per plant (78.10 and 78.08). However, maximum heritability were observed in number of leaves (99.98 percent), number of flowers per spray per plant (99.98 percent) and flower longevity (99.97 percent) followed by days to bud initiation (99.95 percent) and plant height (99.94 percent), whereas, maximum genetic advance was noticed in number of leaves (54.49). The high heritability with genetic advance as percentage of mean for number of branches and number of flowers per spray per plant indicates the possible role of additive gene action. The magnitude of genotypic correlation was higher than their corresponding phenotypic correlation for most of the traits, indicating a strong inherent linkage between various traits under study. At genotypic and phenotypic level, number of leaves exhibited highly significant and positive correlation with number of branches (0.889), number of flower head per plant (0.498), number of sprays per plant (0.497) and number of flowers per spray per plant (0.419), while, vase life showed significant and positive correlation with number of flower head per plant (0.315), number of sprays per plant (0.339) and flower diameter (0.311).
Problem faced by rice farmers in the adoption of rice production practices in Sahibganj district of Jharkhand
Authors: Kumari Maya
Published: September 2020

The study was conducted in Sahibganj district of Jharkhand. There are 9 blocks in Sahibganj district. Five blocks are selected for study, namely Sahibganj, Rajmahal, Barharwa, Taljhari and Udhwa. All these block cultivated paddy as a main crop. Using simple random sampling technique, twenty five farmers were selected from each of the five selected villages from each block, making total 125 respondents for the study. The study has clearly brought out that the major constraints perceived by farmers were technical constraints related to non availability of inputs at time, financial constraints related to high cost of inputs, and extension constraints related to lack of training on new production technology of paddy. In order to improve rice production and overcome the perceived constraints, rice growers suggested the construction and regular maintenance of adequate rice farming infrastructure, particularly those related to irrigation and drainage, improvement of extension system through training, demonstration, information through different channels), availability of inputs at reasonable price and the provision of crop insurance.
Adsorption and Desorption of zinc in soil and its implication
Authors: Bairwa Rajendra , . Mamta , Mandal Nintu , Chattopadhyaya Nilanjan , Bagoria Neeraj
Published: September 2020

Zn availability mostly regulated through adsorption-desorption on soil (or adsorbent). Fly ash (FA) application influence on zinc adsorption-desorption in recommended chemical fertilizer (RDF) and farmyard manure (FYM) treatments of acidic Inceptisols of Assam. Zinc adsorption was better explained by Freundlich over the Langmuir adsorption equation. Adsorption was greatest in the treatment receiving FA only at 15 t ha−1 and least in the treatment receiving RDF 50 percent + FYM 5 t ha−1 + FA 5 t ha−1. Ni and Zn co-sorption to aluminium oxides (γ-Al2O3) in binary-sorbate systems were compared to their sorptionin single-sorbate systems as a function of pH using both macroscopic batch experiments and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy At pH 6.0, Ni and Zn were sorbed as inner-sphere surface complexes and competed for the limited number of reactive sites on γ-Al2O3.In binary-sorbate systems, Ni had no effect on Zn sorption, owning to its lower affinity for the metal oxide surface. In contrast, Zn had a higher affinity for the metal oxide surface and reduced Ni sorption. The influence of P on the Zn adsorption capacity of eight surface horizons in soils on granite and amphibolites materials. The presence of P, especially at high concentrations, was found to boost Zn adsorption. The effect was more marked in the soils on amphibolite, which contained increased concentrations of Fe and Al oxides relative to those on granite. The increased adsorption of zinc by effect of the presence of phosphate is ascribed primarily to the formation of a P–Zn complex in colloid surfaces.Studies should be undertaken while considering adsorption and desorption capacities of Zn for soils as well as ionic interactions for better Zn management in soils.
A study of factors affecting the export participation and performance of agricultural commodities exporters of Tamil Nadu in India
Authors: Kanaka S. , Chinnadurai M.
Published: September 2020

Exporters choose to export, for the foreign market through exporters participating in the foreign markets directly and also positively react to price signals in the domestic markets explicitly. When there is an increasing demand for commodities in the world market, exporter would receive higher prices. The specific objective of the study is; to identify factors affecting the export participation and performance of agricultural commodities exporters of Tamil Nadu. The results clearly indicated that among the independent variables, foreign market price and distribution of commodities by the ith firm have significantly and positively influenced the State level of export participation of the exporters. On the contrary, domestic market price, the quantity produced for the domestic market, quantity produced for the foreign market and the cost of export commodities have influenced the export participation negatively. The firms would produce positive quantities for the domestic market, but, in practice, some firms would produce for zero exports. Significant and negative nonlinear results were also found for Domestic market price, Quantity produced for the domestic market, Quantity produced for the foreign market and the cost of export commodities in this study.
Effectiveness of KVK organized training program on knowledge level of Bee keeping
Authors: Singh Awadhesh Kumar , Roy Himadri
Published: September 2020

Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pratapgarh conducted a training program on Bee Keeping. 50 participants from different blocks attended the program. The present study was conducted to assess the change in knowledge level of the trainees regarding various bee keeping technologies after attending the training. The study revealed that there was significant change in knowledge level regarding various aspects of bee keeping technologies. The study revealed that maximum change in knowledge among the trainees was regarding the use of queen cage (70.00%) and lowest change in knowledge level was observed about fertilized and unfertilized eggs within bee hive (12.00%). Moreover, it was also found that 58.00 per cent, 56.00 per cent and 54.00 per cent change in knowledge level regarding ‘Gharchuut’, ‘growth period of honey bee’ and ‘regarding various species of honey bee’. The training helped in overall improvement of knowledge level of trainees regarding various aspects of bee keeping technology.
Response of Gladiolus varieties to different planting dates
Authors: Saha Tarak Nath , Singh Krishan Pal , R. Jyothi
Published: September 2020

Experiment was conducted to study the effect of seven different planting dates from the month of August to November using four different varieties of Gladiolus viz., Chandni, Big Time Supreme, White Prosperity and Snow Princess, for vegetative and floral parameters. In the vegetative parameters studied variety White Prosperity recorded the highest plant height (128.84 cm), highest number of leaves (9.03) and number of tillers (1.47) during September planting date. Whereas lowest plant height (87.64 cm) was recorded in the variety Chandni during September planting only. The vegetative parameters studied were also dependent on genotype and also interaction between variety and environment. November planting time showed good number of florets (16.06) and also floret diameter (9.42 cm) which was followed by September and October planting dates. Variety White Prosperity produced more number of florets per spike (22.72) in November and floret diameter (11.85 cm) in October planting. For floret parameters there was no significant difference on effect of date of planting and this was mainly due to genotypic characteristic of individual varieties studied. Better spike parameter attributed to the prevalence of favorable environment conditions during October planting time. Among the varieties studied White Prosperity showed highest spike length (105.62 cm) at first floret opening and 107.39 cm during last floret opening. The highest rachis length was also recorded by variety White Prosperity (54.00 cm) at first floret opening and 57.41 cm at last floret opening. October planting was found superior for Spike and rachis length in four different varieties studied.
Genetic components analysis in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)
Authors: Singh Mahak , Tomar Amit
Published: September 2020

Genetics components analysis exhibited over dominance for all the characters in both the generations except plant height which showed partial dominance in F1 and complete dominance in F2. The value of genetic component ( Fˆ ) were found positive for all the characters in both generations except number of primary branches and plant height in both the generations. The positive and significant values of Fˆ indicated that the dominant genes were more frequent than recessive ones in the parents for concerned character. The correlation coefficient (r) between parental order of dominance and parental measurement was not found to be negative for any character.
Bioefficacy of Trichoderma as biological control agent against sugarcane wilt
Authors: Lal Ram Ji , Nigam Rashmi , Singh Joginder
Published: September 2020

Sugarcane is one of the most important cash crops grown in India. Diseases cause deterioration in the juice quality of infected canes and reduce extraction of sugar. Among the various diseases reported from India, wilt is important disease in sugarcane. The disease is soil as well as sett borne in nature. In recent years, the use of bio-pesticides has gained attention in the management of diseases because of their non-hazardous nature, easily biodegradable and also do not cause bioaccumulation. Some of the most potent isolates of Trichoderma spp. identified from study were tested in lab as well as field condition for disease management of wilt. In a field experiment it was observed that the wilt incidence in the susceptible variety CoLk 97169 was considerably reduced and yield was enhanced in soil application of Trichoderma (20 kg TMC/ha) followed by sett dipping in Trichoderma spore suspension (106 spores/ml) before planting. Trichoderma can be multiplied either on FYM or press mud for its incorporation in sugarcane fields for the management of wilt disease.
Mean performance, range and analysis of variance in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)
Authors: Tomar Amit , Srivastava Manish Kumar , Singh Mahak
Published: September 2020

The analysis of variance based on mean values of 10 characters namely, day to flower, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of siliquae per plant, number of seeds per siliquae, 1000-seed weight (g), oil content (%) and seed yield per plant (g) were studied for testing the significance of differences among the treatments. The mean sum of squares for all the characters. Highly significant differences were recorded among all the treatments for all the 10 characters except number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, days to maturity and oil content.
Morphology characterization and in vitro study of bio agents, plant extracts and chemicals against Pestalotiopsis mangiferae in Manipur
Authors: Khaba Ch. Inao , Sinha Bireswar , Chandam Marjit , Nath P. D.
Published: September 2020

A study was conducted in vitro condition to analyse the morphology and efficacy of bio agent, plant extract and some chemical against P. mangiferae which was collected from different districts of Manipur. The morphological characters under study consist of colony and conidial characteristics such as colour, shape, size and appendages. The cultural growth colour of P. mangiferae on PDA varied from concolour to versicolour fuliginous. The conidial shape varied from oval and spherical to elliptical with prominent appendages. The conidial length and widths were 22.9 and 5.7 μm respectively. The diseased sample which was collected from different district of Manipur consists of three septation and the number of conidial appendages was found 2-3 numbers. Among seven antagonists namely Penicillium citrinum, Trichoderma atroviride, T. ovalisporum, Hypocrea lixii, T. harzianum (69 and 131) and T. asperellum evaluatedin vitro, T. asperellum showed the best in inhibiting the growth of the fungus (85.8%). Among three plant extracts viz. garlic, neem and sweet flag evaluated in vitro, garlic extract (3.0%) showed the best result (100.0%). Among the seven chemicals viz. carbendazim, thiophenate methyl, mancozeb, imidacloprid, fipronil, profenophos and thiomethoxam evaluated in vitro, thiophenate methyl (0.05%) and carbendazim (0.05%) showed the best result with 100.0 percent inhibition in fungal growth.
A Study on resource use efficiency of banana production in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Uma K. , S. Sarath , Kumar P. Naveen
Published: September 2020

Banana is the most important fruit crop in India which requires the various cultivation practices. For carrying out those cultivation practices various energies are required to meet sustainable production. The main aim of this study was to find out the resource use efficiency estimation for banana production in Erode District of Tamil Nadu. Primary data was collected from 100 sample farmers using well structured interview schedule. The empirical results shows that except human labour, nitrogen, phosphorus and diesel remaining all other variables included in the model were positive and human labour, machine labour, nitrogen, potassium, FYM, plant protection chemicals, irrigation water, sucker and electricity were significant among other variables. Subsequently, increase in 1% use of inputs such as machine labour, potassium, electricity, sucker and plant protection chemicals would increase the yield of banana 0.15 per cent, 0.20 per cent, 0.02 per cent, 0.01 per cent and 0.01 per cent respectively and 79 per cent of the variations in banana yield were influenced by the explanatory variables. Likewise price fluctuation plays a major constraint among the banana farmers. This study suggested the banana farmers to use more amount of potassium and to reduce the usage of human labour and as well as nitrogen fertilizer for sustainable use of resources.