bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interventions in reducing anxiety among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): an integrated literature review
Authors: Piscesiana Effita , Herawati Tuti , Yona Sri
Published: June 2022

Background: The percutaneous coronary intervention procedure (PCI) is an action to restore reduced coronary artery blood flow due to occlusion or blockage. Complex actions using sophisticated tools with the patient's condition fully aware can cause clients to experience anxiety, both before, during, and after the action. Many patients undergoing PCI experience this symptom of anxiety. These symptoms can lead to activation of the sympathetic nerves, changes in hemodynamic status, to the risk of arrhythmias during or after the procedure. Intervention to reduce anxiety hopefully can stabilize haemodynamic, avoid unwanted effects during and after the procedure, further can also improve the patient's quality of life.

Purpose: This integrated literature review aims to find complementary interventions that can be carried out independently to overcome the anxiety experienced among patients undergoing PPCI.

Methods: The compiled database was taken from the EBSCO, Scopus, Clinical Key, ProQuest, Science Direct, PubMed, and Cochrane databases, and published in 2015 - 2020 which were then matched with certain specific keywords to get the appropriate articles. A total of 11 selected articles were reviewed and the results were presented in a table. The results of 6 types of intervention were found, almost all of them were significant in reducing anxiety. Next, appraisal of the quality of selected articles is done by using The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP).

Results: There were 11 articles that discussed 6 different forms of intervention in reducing anxiety, including physical therapy (2 articles), relaxation therapy (2 articles), cognitive therapy (2 articles), psychological therapy (1 article), and psychological therapy programs (combined) (1 article) and information / support / counseling (3 articles).
Conclusion: This intervention in addition to reducing anxiety can also reduce stress, hemodynamic balance / physiological indicators, reduce pain, improve quality of life and coping mechanisms.
Behavioral analysis of childbearing age women against IVA screening using health belief model
Authors: Ananti Yustina , Sari Fatimah
Published: June 2022

Background: In Indonesia, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer that attacks women of childbearing age. VIA screening (acetic acid visual inspection) is a cervical cancer prevention and control program with the aim of detecting pre-cancerous and cancerous conditions at an early stage. Based on the fact that more than 50% of women diagnosed with cancer have never been screened.

Objective: the purpose of this study was to explain the behavior of women of childbearing age towards VIA screening using the health belief model.

Methods: the study used a cross sectional approach, conducted from October to December 2019. Data were collected using interview questionnaires, geographic area, occupation, VIA screening, individual knowledge and perception using the Health Belif Model on 160 female respondents of childbearing age in the Puskesmas area. Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. Descriptive analysis, chi-square logistic regression, univariate, bevariate and multivariate.

Results: From 160 respondents, based on geographic area 50% were in cities and plains and 50% in coastal and hilly areas, 55.6% had had IVA screening, 66.9% were unemployed and 53.1% had good knowledge. Perceived susceptibility of being diagnosed with cervical cancer = 0.011<0.05, perceived saverity = 0.023<0.05, perceived thread = 0.015<0.05, perceived benefit = 0.023 <0.05, perceived barriers = 0.030<0 .05 and cues to action = 0.045<0.05 on VIA screening. The Negelkerke R Square test is 0.186 and the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable is perceived susceptibility = 0.028, perceived benefit = 0.043 and perceived barriers = 0.050.
Conclusion: There is a relationship between the behavior of women of childbearing age on VIA screening using the health belief model, namely perceived susceptibility, perceived saverity, perceived thread, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action with R Square 0.186 and the influential variables are perceived susceptibility, perceived benefit and perceived barriers.
Abdominal lifting, effleurage, and deep back massages effective in reducing pain during active phase of first stage labor
Authors: Pratiwi Arantika Meidya , Zuliyati Isti Chana , Fatimatasari Fatimatasari
Published: June 2022

Background : Although childbirth is a natural process, the time of childbirth makes women feel afraid, anxious and anxious, thus affecting the labor process which results in prolonged labor and neonatal asphyxia. Where prolonged labor is a complication of the cause of maternal death which is the fifth largest in Indonesia. Labor pain can affect the condition of the mother in the form of victims, fear, worry and can cause stress. Stress can cause the uterine contractions to weaken and lead to prolonged labor.

Objective : This study was to analyze the effectiveness of abdominal lifting, effleurage and deep back massage techniques in reducing pain during active phase of first stage labor.

Method : This study used one-group pretest-posttest design method with a total sample of 30 Participants mother in labor. There were 3 groups that were given treatment, each group was given one massage technique. Change in pain was measured by a numerical pain scale. Testing variables using the Wilcoxon test, comparison of each intervention test performed using Kruskall Wallis.

Result : There is a significant difference in pain scores before and after giving abdominal lifting massage with a value of p = 0.005 (<0.05). There was a significant difference in pain scores before and after giving effleurage massage with a value of p = 0.011 (p <0.05). There is a significant difference in pain scores before and after giving Deep Back Masaage with a value of p = 0.004 (p <0.005). There was no significant difference in pain scores after treatment between the three groups with a value of p = 0.080 (p> 0.05).

Conclusion : abdominal lifting, effleurage, and deep back massage are effective in reducing the pain during active phase of first stage labor. There was no significant difference between the three massage techniques in reducing labor pain.
Smoking behavior analysis on teenagers in Kulon Progo Yogyakarta
Authors: Riyadi Sujono , Ru'iya Sutipyo
Published: June 2022

Background: Adolescent smoking behavior from day to day is increasing. Teenagers who initially did not smoke became smokers because the environment around them did not heed subjective norms. Coupled with the influence of smoking, families increases the power of adolescents to be negative towards smoking.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the direct or indirect effect of attitude, subjective norm, and intention on adolescent smoking behavior in Kulon Progo Yogyakarta.

Methods: This research is quantitative in form, conducted in Kulon Progo Yogyakarta. The population was 59.588 adolescents, after being calculated by the Slovin formula obtained 400 samples. Variable in the form of attitude, subjective norm, intention, and smoking behavior. The data were obtained by distributing valid and reliable questionnaires to 400 respondents, 200 smokers and 200 non-smokers, then analyzed using a path analysis using Stata 13.

Results: There was a direct influence on adolescent attitudes towards not smoking (p <0.001) and intention to not smoke in adolescents. (p <0.001) on smoking behavior in adolescents in Kulon Progo Yogyakarta.

Conclusions: There is an indirect influence between subjective norms of not smoking through non-smoking attitudes and non-smoking intentions on smoking behavior among adolescents in Kulon Progo Yogyakarta.
Comparison of health education with videos and leaflets on the knowledge of young women about early detection of breast cancer In SMP Negeri 15 Bandung
Authors: Fajriah Wardah , Mandiri Ariyati , Didah Didah , Bestari Astuti Dyah , Gumilang Lani
Published: June 2022

Background: Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that grows in the breast tissue and is the most common cancer disease affecting women in Indonesia with an incidence of 42.1 per 100.000 population and an average death rate of 17 per 100.000 population. The increasing incidence of breast cancer in women as adolescents and young adults is due to several factors such as parity at a young age, family history, gene mutations, and poor lifestyle factors. Early detection of breast cancer through education on causative factors and how to prevent breast cancer and  breast self-examination technique will be very useful to reduce the incidence.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the comparison of breast cancer early detection health education with video and leaflets on the knowledge of young women about early detection of breast cancer.

Methods: This study used a quasi experiment method with two control group design. Samples collected with consecutive sampling techniques. This study conducted for 7 days in December 2019 on young women at SMP Negeri 15 Bandung with 40 subjects in each group. The technique used to collect the data is questionnaire. The experimental group is given with Video and the control group is given with Leaflet. The bivariate data analysis used Paired T-Test and Non-paired T-test.

Results: The results of this study showed that there was an increase in the knowledge before and after being given video (p = 0.000) and leaflet (0,003) with significant difference in young women who were given video compared to those given leaflets (p=0,000).
Conclusion: there were differences in health education with videos and leaflets on the knowledge of young women about early detection of breast cancer.
The influence of education packages on adequacy of breast milk and baby weight gains during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Elly Nur , Simbolon Demsa , Nilawati Iin
Published: June 2022

Background: The process of breastfeeding in the early days of a baby's life often fails due to a lack of breast milk production. Breastfeeding education is an effort that needs to be done to prevent and overcome breastfeeding failure. During the COVID-19 pandemic, education for pregnant and postpartum women is needed that can be done online.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the "Edu-ASI" package on the adequacy of breastfeeding and increasing infant weight in Bengkulu City.

Methods:This study uses a quasi-experimental design with a post-test design with a control group. The population in this study were 3rd trimester pregnant women (with gestational age above 35 weeks who carried out ANC at BPM Bengkulu City followed by post partum on the fourteenth day. The number of samples was 15 people in the intervention group and 15 people in the control group obtained by consecutive sampling. In the intervention group, an education package was given with educational media tools through Edu_ASI in the form of 3 video parts containing the concept and how to breastfeed, then mentoring and post-test measurement of the adequacy of breastfeeding were carried out and 2 weeks after delivery the baby was weighed.In the control group only education was given by the midwife as education that is usually done by midwives. The adequacy of breast milk is measured based on indicators from the baby and the increase in baby weight by comparing the increase in birth weight with the baby's weight at the age of 2 weeks.

Result: The analysis was carried out using the T test and man witney. control and case respondents. The Edu-ASI package was effective for breastfeeding adequacy with a P value of 0.007, and the Edu-ASI package was less effective in increasing the baby's weight gain which was measured 2 weeks after delivery with a p-value test of 0.671.

Conclusions: The Edu-ASI package is expected to support the success of the Exclusive Breastfeeding program, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Attitude and pregnancy planning of the women reproductiove of age not associated
Authors: A. Misali Sri Ayu Candra , Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih , Rahman Taufik
Published: June 2022

Background: The pregnancy planning is an important strategy to improve the children quality to be born and efforts to decrease maternal and infant mortality. The number of maternal mortality in Yogyakarta in 2018 was 36 cases. Most cases occurred in Bantul District as 14 cases. Meanwhile, the infant mortality case was 313 cases in 2017. The highest infant mortality case in Bantul District was 108 cases. Attitude is a feeling, supporting and not supporting on something. The Government Regulation of Republic of Indonesia Number 87 of 2014 concerning Population Development and Family Development, Family Planning and Family Information Systems stated that Family Planning is an effort to regulate the birth, the ideal distance and age to give birth, regulate pregnancy through promotion, protection, and assistance related to reproductive rights to realize a quality family. Having 2 children is the realization of one of the criteria for a quality family in the ideal number of children program.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the correlation between attitudes and behavior of pregnancy planning among women of childbearing age in Bantul District.

Methods: This research used correlational quantitative research using cross sectional approach design. The sampling collection technique used non-probability sampling with purposive sampling. The samples was 71 respondents with inclusion criteria, namely women of childbearing aged <20 - > 35 years, located in Bantul district, had a legal spouse, owned and could operate a gadget. The validity test was conducted with SPSS Pearson Correlation with a significance level of 10% and Kendall's tau to determine the relationship between variables.

Results: There is no correlation between attitudes towards pregnancy planning of women of childbearing age with P value of 0.052 > 0.05 (P Value ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: The characteristics of the most respondents were women aged 35 - 40 years, the last education was senior high school, the income was 0 - Rp 500.000,00 and the number of children was 2. The attitude of the respondent was mostly positive, while the most respondents who plan the pregnancy were ambivalent and the respondents who are not planning the pregnancy more than women who are planning a pregnancy.
Relationship of temporary blood glucose levels during pregnantcy and baby’s birth weight
Authors: Trimardiyah Trimardiyah , Fatimah Fatimah , Ayuningrum Lia Dian , Sulistiowati Ika
Published: June 2022

Background : Blood sugar level is one of the factors that influence to baby’s birth weight which determines neonatal morbidity and mortality. Temporary blood glucose (GDS) includes the results of a momentary examination one day regardless of the time of the last meal. Data of baby’s birth weight in 2018 are 208 babies having BBLR, 32 babies having BBLB and 11 expectant mother diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Blood sugar check are often performed to diagnose a disease. From the results of the preliminary study at Panembahan Senopati Bantul Hospital, there was data about newborn start from January - December 2018. There were 208 (9%) babies having BBLR, 42 (1%) babies having BBLB, and 2026 (90%) babies born normally and 11 expectant mother diagnosed with gestational diabetes.

Research Purpose : Knowing the relationship between temporary blood glucose level during pregnancy and baby’s birth weight at Panembahan Senopati Bantul Hospital.

Research Method :  This type of research is quantitative analysis with a retrospective study approach. The population are mothers in labor at Panembahan Senopati Bantul Hospital. The sampling method used nonprobability with purposive sampling technique. Statistical test used Spearman.

Result : The majority of respondents had high school education (49%), aged between 20 - 35 (72%), Atem gestational age (80%), Paritas multipara (63%), normal LILA (90%), GDS not DM as much (57%) , there is no history of giving birth to large babies (82%), normal birth weight (37%), male gender (50%), and female (50%). There is a relationship between temporary blood glucose level during pregnancy and baby’s birth weight at Panembahan Senopati Bantul Hospital using the Spearman test with a p-value of 0.0001 which means significant (<0.05) and the result of the correlation coefficient (r) = 0.569 which means there is moderate or sufficient correlation.

Conclusion : There is a significant relationship between temporary blood glucose level during pregnancy and baby’s birth weight at Panembahan Senopati Hospital, Bantul.
The effectiveness of yoga therapy to reduce the level of depression among elderly in the community
Authors: Yuniartika Wachidah , Anwar Syamsul , Kamil Abdu Rahim , Herlinah Lily
Published: June 2022

Background : Depression is one of the most common diseases among the elderly. Depression indicates disturbances in mood, physical and cognitive symptoms. Depression symptoms related to mood disorders include sadness, loss of interest in activities, worthlessness, and death, and suicidal thoughts. Early detection of depression in elderly can be noticed if the elderly have been known to possess factors that may cause depression. Yoga is a non-pharmacological therapy used to treat depression. Yoga movements consist of three stages, pranayama (breath control), asana (body temperature), and meditation (relaxation of the mind), these movements are very important to overcome stress and depression problems.

Objectives : To purpose the effectiveness of yoga therapy in reducing depression in the elderly in the community.

Methods : This research uses the quantitative research method with quasi-experimental  with pre-test post-test design without control. The research site was in Gedongan Village, Baki Sub district, Sukoharjo, Central Java, in March-May 2021, with a total of 47 elderly using the purposive sampling method. Inclusion criteria include 60 years old, GDS score minimum 5, no extremity disorders, and Muslim. Screening for depression employed the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The media used were videos and booklets, using Islamic religious classical music and data analysis used the Wilcoxon test.

Results : The average depression level of respondents during the pre-test was 8.40 while the post-test decreased to 4.77 or a mean difference of 3.63 with a p-value of 0.001 (p <0.05). Yoga therapy and breathing program have a remarkable and refreshing effect. 

Conclusion : The conclusion is that the level of depression in the elderly resulted in a higher pre-test average value than the post-test value, which means that the level of depression after yoga therapy has decreased.
The effect of android-based education on the knowledge increase about pregnancy discomfort and anxiety reduction in pregnant women during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Issabella Chentia Misse , Prabandari Febry Heldayasari
Published: June 2022

Background: Pregnancy is a natural process experienced by a woman, during which there will be physical and psychological changes. Pregnant women may experience discomfort and change in feelings such as happy, worry and anxiety due to those changes. Currently, the whole world is suffering from the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation causes an increase of anxiety in pregnant women because of their ignorance about how to handle pregnancy discomfort. Entering the digital era 4.0, android can be utilized so that education and information can be more easily accessible.

Objective: To determine the effect of android-based education in handling discomfort and reducing anxiety in pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods: This research employed a quasi-experimental with a control group time-series design. There were 120 pregnant women used as samples. A simple random sampling was carried out to obtain those samples which then formed into 2 groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. The instrument used were the Busevid (Healthy Pregnant Women in the COVID-19 Period) android application and a questionnaire designed by the researchers which had been evaluated by the experts and tested. Then, the Manova with GLM repeated measures was utilized to analyze the data.

Results: The increased knowledge of discomfort in the android group was 43.77 in the post-test 1 and 59.98 in the post-test 2, while the leaflet group was 17.18 in the post-test 1 and 35.92 in the post-test 2. The anxiety reduction in the android group was 16.90 in post-test 1 and 28.65 in the post-test 2, while the leaflet group was 4.35 in the post-test 1 and 5.10 in the post-test 2. The p-value was 0.000 <0.05, indicating that there was an effect of android-based education on handling discomfort and reducing anxiety in pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Conclusion: Android application can provide a significant change in increasing knowledge about discomfort and decreasing anxiety in pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic, so that android can be used as an alternative in providing positive benefits in education media and health promotion.
Neural Activity During Audiovisual Speech Processing: Protocol For a Functional Neuroimaging Study
Authors: Bálint András , Wimmer Wilhelm , Caversaccio Marco , Weder Stefan
Published: June 2022

Background

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies have demonstrated associations between hearing outcomes after cochlear implantation and plastic brain changes. However, inconsistent results make it difficult to draw conclusions. A major problem is that many variables need to be controlled. To gain further understanding, a careful preparation and planning of such a functional neuroimaging task is key.

Objective

Using fNIRS, our main objective is to develop a well-controlled audiovisual speech comprehension task to study brain activation in individuals with normal hearing and hearing impairment (including cochlear implant users). The task should be deductible from clinically established tests, induce maximal cortical activation, use optimal coverage of relevant brain regions, and be reproducible by other research groups.

Methods

The protocol will consist of a 5-minute resting state and 2 stimulation periods that are 12 minutes each. During the stimulation periods, 13-second video recordings of the clinically established Oldenburg Sentence Test (OLSA) will be presented. Stimuli will be presented in 4 different modalities: (1) speech in quiet, (2) speech in noise, (3) visual only (ie, lipreading), and (4) audiovisual speech. Each stimulus type will be repeated 10 times in a counterbalanced block design. Interactive question windows will monitor speech comprehension during the task. After the measurement, we will perform a 3D scan to digitize optode positions and verify the covered anatomical locations.

Results

This paper reports the study protocol. Enrollment for the study started in August 2021. We expect to publish our first results by the end of 2022.

Conclusions

The proposed audiovisual speech comprehension task will help elucidate neural correlates to speech understanding. The comprehensive study will have the potential to provide additional information beyond the conventional clinical standards about the underlying plastic brain changes of a hearing-impaired person. It will facilitate more precise indication criteria for cochlear implantation and better planning of rehabilitation.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/38407
Relationship Quality and Health Among Black Same-Sex Male Couples: Protocol for a Symbolic Netnography Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lassiter Jonathan Mathias , Dacus Jagadīśa-devaśrī , Johnson Mallory O
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Across a range of studies, health scientists have found that being in a romantic relationship can have positive and negative influences on one’s health. A couple’s health outcomes are often influenced by relationship quality—or how they perceive the positive or negative character of their relationship. These findings have important implications for how scientists and interventionists may leverage romantic relationships facilitating good health among couples. However, in general, couples research has not included Black same-sex male couples in large enough numbers to make previous studies’ findings relevant to them. This represents a gap in the scientific literature and, more importantly, a missed opportunity to understand how romantic relationships influence health for a group that must navigate distinct, multilevel health and social inequities.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to (1) decode and understand the ways in which Black same-sex male couples express their romantic relationships in virtual contexts via symbolic indicators, (2) determine how Black same-sex male couples describe the quality of their romantic relationships, and (3) explore how Black same-sex male couples make meaning of their relationship quality and its impact on their relational and individual health.

METHODS

We will use joint dyadic interviews embedded within a symbolic netnography research design to accomplish our aims. We will use grounded theory to analyze our qualitative data. We will then triangulate our findings to determine how well they answer our research questions.

RESULTS

This study received ethical approval on October 8, 2020 and we began data collection in November 2020. Results are expected to be available no later than December 31, 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will apply novel symbolic netnographic qualitative methods to further our understanding of Black same-sex male couples’ romantic relationships and how they contribute to their health. The findings will be used to develop programs to improve Black same-sex male couples’ health in community and virtual settings.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/29589
Noninvasive Screening Tool for Hyperkalemia Using a Single-Lead Electrocardiogram and Deep Learning: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Urtnasan Erdenebayar , Lee Jung Hun , Moon Byungjin , Lee Hee Young , Lee Kyuhee , Youk Hyun
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Hyperkalemia monitoring is very important in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in emergency medicine. Currently, blood testing is regarded as the standard way to diagnose hyperkalemia (ie, using serum potassium levels). Therefore, an alternative and noninvasive method is required for real-time monitoring of hyperkalemia in the emergency medicine department.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to propose a novel method for noninvasive screening of hyperkalemia using a single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) based on a deep learning model.

METHODS

For this study, 2958 patients with hyperkalemia events from July 2009 to June 2019 were enrolled at 1 regional emergency center, of which 1790 were diagnosed with chronic renal failure before hyperkalemic events. Patients who did not have biochemical electrolyte tests corresponding to the original 12-lead ECG signal were excluded. We used data from 855 patients (555 patients with CKD, and 300 patients without CKD). The 12-lead ECG signal was collected at the time of the hyperkalemic event, prior to the event, and after the event for each patient. All 12-lead ECG signals were matched with an electrolyte test within 2 hours of each ECG to form a data set. We then analyzed the ECG signals with a duration of 2 seconds and a segment composed of 1400 samples. The data set was randomly divided into the training set, validation set, and test set according to the ratio of 6:2:2 percent. The proposed noninvasive screening tool used a deep learning model that can express the complex and cyclic rhythm of cardiac activity. The deep learning model consists of convolutional and pooling layers for noninvasive screening of the serum potassium level from an ECG signal. To extract an optimal single-lead ECG, we evaluated the performances of the proposed deep learning model for each lead including lead I, II, and V1-V6.

RESULTS

The proposed noninvasive screening tool using a single-lead ECG shows high performances with F1 scores of 100%, 96%, and 95% for the training set, validation set, and test set, respectively. The lead II signal was shown to have the highest performance among the ECG leads.

CONCLUSIONS

We developed a novel method for noninvasive screening of hyperkalemia using a single-lead ECG signal, and it can be used as a helpful tool in emergency medicine.
Extracting Multiple Worries From Breast Cancer Patient Blogs Using Multilabel Classification With the Natural Language Processing Model Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers: Infodemiology Study of Blogs (Preprint)
Authors: Watanabe Tomomi , Yada Shuntaro , Aramaki Eiji , Yajima Hiroshi , Kizaki Hayato , Hori Satoko
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Patients with breast cancer have a variety of worries and need multifaceted information support. Their accumulated posts on social media contain rich descriptions of their daily worries concerning issues such as treatment, family, and finances. It is important to identify these issues to help patients with breast cancer to resolve their worries and obtain reliable information.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to extract and classify multiple worries from text generated by patients with breast cancer using Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers (BERT), a context-aware natural language processing model.

METHODS

A total of 2272 blog posts by patients with breast cancer in Japan were collected. Five worry labels, “treatment,” “physical,” “psychological,” “work/financial,” and “family/friends,” were defined and assigned to each post. Multiple labels were allowed. To assess the label criteria, 50 blog posts were randomly selected and annotated by two researchers with medical knowledge. After the interannotator agreement had been assessed by means of Cohen kappa, one researcher annotated all the blogs. A multilabel classifier that simultaneously predicts five worries in a text was developed using BERT. This classifier was fine-tuned by using the posts as input and adding a classification layer to the pretrained BERT. The performance was evaluated for precision using the average of 5-fold cross-validation results.

RESULTS

Among the blog posts, 477 included “treatment,” 1138 included “physical,” 673 included “psychological,” 312 included “work/financial,” and 283 included “family/friends.” The interannotator agreement values were 0.67 for “treatment,” 0.76 for “physical,” 0.56 for “psychological,” 0.73 for “work/financial,” and 0.73 for “family/friends,” indicating a high degree of agreement. Among all blog posts, 544 contained no label, 892 contained one label, and 836 contained multiple labels. It was found that the worries varied from user to user, and the worries posted by the same user changed over time. The model performed well, though prediction performance differed for each label. The values of precision were 0.59 for “treatment,” 0.82 for “physical,” 0.64 for “psychological,” 0.67 for “work/financial,” and 0.58 for “family/friends.” The higher the interannotator agreement and the greater the number of posts, the higher the precision tended to be.

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed that the BERT model can extract multiple worries from text generated from patients with breast cancer. This is the first application of a multilabel classifier using the BERT model to extract multiple worries from patient-generated text. The results will be helpful to identify breast cancer patients’ worries and give them timely social support.
Three Paradigms of Public Administration: An Analysis of the Current Status of Public Administration in China
Authors: Wang Bing , Gu Yuanfei
Published: June 2022

Historically, there have been three paradigms of public management, namely, the Machiavelli-Hobbes Paradigm (MHP), the Wilson-Weber Paradigm (WWP), and the Ostrom-Hayek Paradigm (OHP). These paradigms have different characteristics and face different challenges. After more than 100 years of development throughout the western countries, the WWP has achieved its almost, having emerged as an obstacle to further development. Given this, Western countries are now embracing the OHP, and the New Public Management is a reform that is fostering this transfoirmation. In China, however, the situation is very different. Due to the feudal traditions and the dominant governmance method (rule by man, not by law). pub-Ik administration in China contains several aspect of the MHP. Currently, China's most pressing challenge encompasses instituting reforms that will cultivate a public administrative system where the title of law prevails. The change to bureaucracy and establishment of WWP is ultimately more critical than the New Public Management.
Disciplinary Rationale and Public Administration Field Development
Authors: Lan Zhiyong
Published: June 2022

Public Administration as a field of study is relatively new in the People's Republic of China. Nonetheless, it is quickly gaining popularity on China's university campuses, due largely to China's urgent need for managerial capacity building and reform guidance. Properly defining the mission of the discipline of public administration will have a profound impact on the future viability of the field, as well as on the process of social transformation in China. This paper looks into some of the basic questions related to public administration field development in China. Hopefully, it can contribute to discussions among interested scholars, and serve as a reference for public administration curriculum design and research agenda setting.
Political Reform in China in the 1990s: Implications for the Future
Authors: Zhou Guanghui
Published: June 2022

Chinese political reform in the 1980s was concentrated largely on reversing many of the affects of the Cultural Revolution, such as the “personality cult” and the altitude of “what I say goes,” and improving efficiency through streamlining administration and delegating power to the lower levels. The reforms of that decade demonstrate a certain passivity and vacillation. In comparison, the political reforms enacted in the 1990s tended to be theoretically conscious, entailing a progressive advancing political reform, which promoted change at many levels, concerning relationship between micro and macro, central and local, and state and society. Autonomy, internationality, and progressiveness were the key characteristics of Chinese political reform in the 1990s. In the near future, political reform in China will begin storming age-old fortifications, and only through uninterrupted institutional innovation can China effectively avoid a cataclysm from an “explosion of participation.”
Knowledge Management and Public Organizations: How Well Does the Model Apply to Greece?
Authors: Michalopoulos Nikos , Psychogios Alexandros G.
Published: June 2022

Abstract: This paper seeks to shed some light on the field of organizational learning in public organizations. More specifically, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of the middle manager in organizations operating in the Greek public domain. Our main finding is that middle managers are, in fact, far from fulfilling the role of knowledge engineers in Greek public organizations, succumbing to old style operational duties. Middle managers are merely conduits, translating plans into action, monitoring and controlling activities to keep things on track. In other words, their role in public management is completely internal, because they have lived their lives within the functional corridors of an organization's hierarchy.
Endogenous Economic Growth in China
Authors: Tan Qingshan , Bowen William M.
Published: June 2022

China has enjoyed spectacular economic growth over the past twenty years or so. However, Chinese regional economic development has relied on foreign direct investment, export-oriented industrialization, and other traditional growth models. While China can perhaps continue to rely on exports, cheap labor, and a huge domestic market for foreign investment for some time to come, sooner or later the question will arise; How long can China sustain economic growth based on her current strategies?

We propose in this article the endogenous growth model as an alternative and long-term growth strategy, and focus largely on its treatment of knowledge as an independent factor of production in Chinese regional economies. This article thus proposes a new institutional framework defined as a trilateral commission. The commissions are designed to advise and enhance communication between local and regional government leaders and administrators on knowledge-based collaboration and coordination among business, government, and the research community, as well as on the issue of knowledge generation and utilization.
Balancing Values, Pressures and Demands: Strategies for Public Administration in Hong Kong and China
Authors: Huque Ahmed Shafiqul
Published: June 2022

Hong Kong, as a part of the People's Republic of China, has been experiencing new challenges since 1997. The reintegration of capitalist Hong Kong within the socialist framework of China was resolved with the innovative concept of “one country, two systems.” The application of the system has met with some problems, but the advent of globalization and its demands have imposed new and more formidable challenges. This article examines the challenges of globalization from the perspective of Hong Kong as a unit of China. The key argument is that Hong Kong has long been prepared for dealing with the routine problems of management, internationalization and development of human resources. However, operating as a unit of the Chinese political and administrative system entails a different set of challenges. These include a comprehensive understanding China's place in the world system, dealing with internal issues, and developing a system and public service that can strike a balance between the local and international demands. A series of reforms have been initiated, but their impact is not clear yet and further changes are required to integrate Hong Kong as an effective component of the system for improving governance in China. The main challenges lie in striking a balance between the values of traditional public administration and new public management, between local and national interests, between external and internal pressures for change, and between demands from the society for service the and capacity of the government to respond.
Reforming Intergovernmental Fiscal Relationships in China: A Political Economy Perspective
Authors: Chen Bin
Published: June 2022

This paper first explores some key principles central to a well-functioning, central/local fiscal relationship from a political economy perspective of federalism. It then applies these principles to an examination of reforming intergovernmental fiscal relationships in China from 1980s to the early 1990s. It is argued that the economic principle central to fiscal federalism is the determination of the optimal structure of the public sector in terms of the assignment of decision-making responsibility for specified functions to representatives of the interests of the proper geographical subsets of society. Fiscal decentralization, as evidenced in China, provides local government with incentives to build a hospitable environment of competition for people and capital and, therefore, prospers local economies. However, China's experience also suggests that fiscal decentralization without the relevant political institutional foundation will bring about negative effects. The political foundations of fiscal federalism are as essential as its economic principles in preserving and sustaining fiscal federalism.
Does China's Civil Service System Improve Government Performance? A Case Study of Education Bureau of Ningbo City
Authors: Zhou Zhiren , Yin Haitao , Wang Feng
Published: June 2022

Performance improvement sits at the heart of the study of public administration. Performance improvement requires performance measurement and relies heavily on effective management of human capital. This paper addresses both performance measurement and management of human capital in the context of China.

China introduced its civil service system in 1993 with performance improvement as its ultimate goal. After years of implementation and practices, we attempt to make an overall assessment of the reform with a straightforward question “Has the civil service system improved government performance?”

Taking the Education Bureau of Ningbo City as a case, our research design begins with efficiency measurement of the bureau and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is applied as the measurement tool. A comparison of agency performance before and after the introduction of the civil service system is carried out to obtain the basic judgment on the effects of the reform. Then seven contributing factors are ranked on the basis of structured focus-group interviews with civil service reform as one of them. It is found that limited efficiency gain was achieved in the Education Bureau and civil service reform made little impact on agency performance. Some theoretical explanations to those findings are provided. We hope that the study not only provides a case for assessment of the civil service reform against its stated goals, but also sheds light on the use of DEA method in efficiency measurement.
MPA Programs in Australia
Authors: Hughes Owen E.
Published: June 2022

Australian universities have established specific Masters programs for public servants over the past twenty years. However, until recently, despite being established, they have not thrived by comparison with MBA and other masters courses in business. It was not easy to attract students and good staff. MPA programs have generally not captured the public sector community's attention in the same way as is the case in a number of US schools of public administration or management.

This situation changed in 2003 with the creation of the Australia and New Zealand School of Government (ANZSOG). This is a consortium of five governments - the Commonwealth government, the New Zealand government, and the three largest state governments - and nine universities set up to provide an Executive Masters in Public Administration. The ANZSOG cohort is composed of future leaders in the opinion of their governments. All students are fully funded by their governments and at a level that is more costly per student than other training. Funding of this scale reflects a major change for governments in Australia.

The establishment of the Australia and New Zealand School of Government represents a major change in education of public managers in Australia. There are lessons for other countries in its establishment.
Good Governance for Poverty Alleviation: The Case of Malaysia
Authors: Siwar Chamhuri
Published: June 2022

This paper addresses the issue of good governance for poverty alleviation, citing Malaysia as a case study. Malaysia has experienced sustainable growth along with impressive record of poverty reduction. This has been made possible through good governance and pragmatic pro-growth and distribution policies, strategies and programs for poverty alleviation which was implemented since the era of the New Economic Policy (NEP, 1971–1990), National Development Plan (1991–2000) and will be carried over to National Vision Plan (NVP, 2001–2010). The good governance incorporates an enabling policy framework for poverty alleviation which includes the supportive role of the state, effective delivery system embodying an efficient planning and implementation machinery, incorporating top-down and bottom-up processes of strategic planning, targeting and participation, effective implementation coordination, monitoring and evaluation. The public sector has to shoulder good governance by efforts to improve the public service delivery system to make it more efficient, transparent and accountable. Direct targeting of beneficiaries results from identification of the poor and hardcore poor by rural and urban strata and states, supported by a specialized delivery system of a microcredit program, minimizes leakages of poverty alleviation program's allocations and benefits. Pragmatic pro-growth and distribution policies and strategies in 5-year development plans ensures effective poverty alleviation.
Toward Digital Equality: The Study of ICT and the Effective Public Service Delivery in Taiwan
Authors: Jan Chung-Yuang
Published: June 2022

Our society has undergone several transformations with the coming of the information age, one of which is the method of public service delivery. Nowadays, some governments provide services through new technologies, such as Internet, BBS, or IC cards. These e-techs will inevitably propel the mutation in org structure, adv process…and so on.

From the public administration perspective, obviously, NPM is also a force underpinning the e-governance. In the early 1980s, G. Caiden described that administrative reform came of age. Under the Thatcherism and Reaganism, the core values of government reform are entrepreneurship and competition, and these will be helpful to the formation of E-government.

In this paper, some points will be discussed. First, the formation of the society of Information under the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Second, the transformation of public service delivery in e-government context and the approach of New Public Management (NPM), and of course, the issues of equality, such as digital divide, and digital democracy will also be discussed under the context. Finally, the case of public service delivery of digital equality in Taiwan will be analyzed.
Improving Governance and Services: Can e-Government Help?
Authors: Smith Rfi , Teicher Julian
Published: June 2022

E-government can help improve governance and service delivery by refocusing consideration of the purposes and tools of government. However, E-government initiatives pose challenging questions of management, especially about coordination in government and the design of services for citizens. Progress towards implementing e-government raises critical questions about preferred styles of governance and about how governments relate to citizens. At present, interactions between citizens, the institutions of government and information and communications technology raise more agendas than governments can handle. However, trying to find ways through these agendas is to confront questions of wide interest to citizens. At the very least, e-government helps improve governance and services by asking questions.
Entrepreneurship in Public Management: The Case of Sri Lanka Administrative Service
Authors: Fernando Lalitha
Published: June 2022

The role of entrepreneurship in public management remains in debate. Despite the debatable arguments to regarding public entrepreneurship, this paper argues that the concept still has validity of utilizing as a tool for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of public service. By using Hunter's reputational snowballing technique to identify public entrepreneurs among Sri Lanka's administrative service, this study presents the preliminary findings based on a recent empirical study and examines their administrative and decision-making roles towards desired changes in the public service in Sri Lanka.

During the period of October 2002 and March 2003, the study gathered the data through in-depth interviews of 25 officers in the Sri Lanka Administrative Service. The results of the study indicate that public managers’ motivation to achieve and their leadership skills, goal clarity, managerial autonomy, performance-based reward system, citizen participation and public support represent major factors contributing to public entrepreneurship in the Sri Lanka Administrative Service. This study also finds that there are entrepreneurs in the Sri Lanka public service. Also the paper argues that there are opportunities and potential in the service to work as entrepreneurs who are innovative, proactive and willing to take some risks beyond their work responsibilities. Further, the author argues that there are significant benefits when the entrepreneurship is applied to public management. Therefore the necessary reforms are needed to sustain such initiatives of public entrepreneurs towards more effectiveness and efficiency of public service.