bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure Determination Feasibility of Three-Dimensional Electron Diffraction in Case of Limited Data
Authors: Das Partha , Plana-Ruiz Sergi , Galanis Athanassios , Stewart Andrew , Karavasili Fotini , Nicolopoulos Stavros , Putz Holger , Margiolaki Irene , Calamiotou Maria , Iezzi Gianluca
Published: November 2022

During the last two decades, three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) has undergone a renaissance, starting with the introduction of precession (Precession Electron Diffraction Tomography, PEDT) that led to variations on the idea of collecting as much of the diffraction space as possible in order to solve crystal structures from sub-micron sized crystals. The most popular of these acquisition methods is based on the continuous tilting/rotation of the crystal (so-called Microcrystal Electron Diffraction, MicroED) akin to the oscillating crystal method in X-ray crystallography, which was enabled by the increase of sensitivity and acquisition speed in electron detectors. While 3D ED data is more complex than the equivalent X-ray data due to the higher proportion of dynamical scattering, the same basic principles of what is required in terms of data quality and quantity in order to solve a crystal structure apply; high completeness, high data resolution and good signal-to-noise statistics on measured reflection intensities. However, it may not always be possible to collect data in these optimum conditions, the most common limitations being the tilt range of the goniometer stage, often due to a small pole piece gap or the use of a non-tomography holder, or the position of the sample on the TEM grid, which may be too close to a grid bar and then the specimen of interest becomes occluded during tilting. Other factors that can limit the quality of the acquired data include the limited dynamic range of the detector, which can result on truncated intensities, or the sensitivity of the crystal to the electron beam, whereby the crystallinity of the particle is changing under the illumination of the beam. This limits the quality and quantity of the measured intensities and makes structure analysis of such data challenging. Under these circumstances, traditional approaches may fail to elucidate crystal structures, and global optimization methods may be used here as an alternative powerful tool. In this context, this work presents a systematic study on the application of a global optimization method to crystal structure determination from 3D ED data. The results are compared with known structure models and crystal phases obtained from traditional ab initio structure solution methods demonstrating how this strategy can be reliably applied to the analysis of partially complete 3D ED data.
Risk Assessment of Essential and Toxic Elements in Freshwater Fish Species from Lakes near Black Sea, Bulgaria
Authors: Peycheva Katya , Panayotova Veselina , Stancheva Rositsa , Makedonski Lubomir , Merdzhanova Albena , Parrino Vincenzo , Nava Vincenzo , Cicero Nicola , Fazio Francesco
Published: November 2022

The aims of this study were to measure the concentrations of selected toxic and essential elements in the muscle tissue of five common freshwater fish species (roach (Rutilus rutilus), freshwater bream (Abramis brama), prussian carp (Carassius gibelio), crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio)) from Lake Burgas and Lake Mandra (Bulgaria). In all samples the levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe and Zn were under the maximum allowed concentrations for safe human consumption in Bulgaria and ranged as follows: Cd 0.02–0.05; Cr 0.03–0.06; Cu 0.11–0.20; Mn 0.05–0.71; Ni 0.06–0.11; Pb 0.15–0.27, Fe 1.68–5.86 and Zn 1.94–9.06 mg/kg wet weight. The concentration of As was under detection limit. An assessment of the human risk by calculation of the target hazard quotients (THQ), hazard index (HI) and target risk (TR) was performed. The target hazard quotient (THQ) for individual elements and HI for combined metals were lower than 1, indicating no health risk for consumers due to the intake of either individual or combined metals. The target risk for iAs, Pb and Ni was below 10−6, indicating no carcinogenic risk. According to these results, the consumption of these freshwater fish species is safe for human health.
Impact of Pesticides on Cancer and Congenital Malformation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Melanda Viviane Serra , Galiciolli Maria Eduarda A. , Lima Luíza S. , Figueiredo Bonald C. , Oliveira Cláudia S.
Published: November 2022

Pesticide exposure has deleterious effects on human health and development; however, no review has been conducted on human exposure to pesticides and the risk of congenital malformations and cancer in the same cohort. We systematically reviewed the evidence for this relationship following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Four databases, namely, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and BVS, were searched for studies deposited till July 2020 that examined the influence of pesticide exposure on congenital malformations and cancer outcomes in the same cohort. Seven studies were systematically included in this review. Among these, four were case–control studies, two were cross-sectional studies, and one was a longitudinal cohort study. The sources of contamination were food, water, or exposure during agricultural work. A link between the occurrence of cancer, congenital malformations, and exposure to pesticides was observed in most studies.
Voice Tremor and Botulinum Neurotoxin Therapy: A Contemporary Review
Authors: Newland David P. , Novakovic Daniel , Richards Amanda L.
Published: November 2022

Voice tremor is a common, yet debilitating symptom for patients suffering from a number of tremor-associated disorders. The key to targeting effective treatments for voice tremor requires a fundamental understanding of the pathophysiology that underpins the tremor mechanism and accurate identification of the disease in affected patients. An updated review of the literature detailing the current understanding of voice tremor (with or without essential tremor), its accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment options was conducted, with a specific focus on the role of botulinum neurotoxin. Judicious patient selection, following detailed characterisation of voice tremor qualities, is essential to optimising treatment outcomes for botulinum neurotoxin therapy, as well as other targeted therapies. Further focused investigation is required to characterise the response to targeted treatment in voice tremor patients and to guide the development of innovative treatment options.
A Text-Mining and Bibliographic Analysis of the Economic Development Literature: 1959–2020
Authors: Fang Li
Published: November 2022

In this paper, I conducted a systematic review of the economic development literature from 1959 to 2020 to reveal the ebbs and flows of major research topics, combining the text mining technique with the bibliographic analysis. Topics such as “regional development” and “sustainable development” have gained importance over the decades, while “development strategy” has lost its prominent status. New topics such as “climate change” and “developing countries” have emerged in recent years. An analysis of the citation network reveals three distinctive research trajectories: One engages with the concepts of the creative class, human capital, clusters, and art and culture. Another centers around the topic of “regional development”, and a third, smaller group studies “new industrial district”. This study helps researchers understand the evolution of the roadmap in the field of economic development, properly situate their own work in the literature, identify influential citations, and discover novel research topics in need of further exploration.
Urological Safety and COVID-19 Vaccinations
Authors: Foschi Nazario , Santoro Paolo Emilio , Borrelli Ivan , Gavi Filippo , Amantea Carlotta , Russo Pierluigi , Moscato Umberto
Published: November 2022

Objective: To discuss the impact of COVID-19 vaccines on the urological field and to review the available data in the literature. Material and Methods: All the related reports and original articles discussing COVID-19 vaccines and their impact on the urological field were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Results: There are few published articles discussing the COVID-19 vaccine impact on urology. Vaccine safety was confirmed in this field as no major side effects were described. AKI (Acute Kidney Injury) was reported in selected populations. However, about 1% of the side effects was urological. Rare genital complications, low urinary tract symptoms, and occasional gross hematuria were reported. Fertility seems to be not impaired after vaccination. A potential misinterpretation of radiological findings in the oncological field has been reported. Conclusions: In the literature, there are few studies regarding COVID-19 vaccines and their impact on the urological and andrological fields. We need more studies and extended follow-ups after repeated vaccinations in order to have more corroborating data particularly in selected populations, such as kidney transplant recipients and oncological patients.
Association of High Somatic Cell Counts Prior to Dry off to the Incidence of Periparturient Diseases in Holstein Dairy Cows
Authors: Egyedy Ashley , Rosales Eduardo Barahona , Ametaj Burim N.
Published: November 2022

Intramammary infections (mastitis) of dairy cows, along with other periparturient diseases, have become problematic within the dairy industry as they lead to loss of milk production. The main objective of this study was to determine whether elevated somatic cell counts (SCC) in cows prior to drying off are related to the incidence of other periparturient diseases. Additionally, we determined whether milk composition and milk yield are affected by a high SCC prior to drying off. Somatic cell counts of milk samples were determined prior to dry off (n = 140) and were used to classify cows in the study as high (>200,000 cells/mL) or low (<200,000 cells/mL) SCC. The composition of milk was analyzed before drying off and at 1 and 2 weeks after calving. The results showed that an elevated SCC before drying off was related to the incidence of ketosis. Cows with a high SCC at drying off also showed an increased likelihood of retained placenta, metritis, and lameness postpartum; however, it was not statistically significant. Milk lactose was lower in cows with high SCC, whereas protein content was lower after parturition. Milk production was lower for cows with pre-drying elevated SCC, particularly for cows with retained placenta, ketosis, and mastitis. In conclusion, cows with pre-drying elevated SCC were more likely to develop disease after parturition and produce less milk and with lower lactose and protein content.
Research on Radiated Immunity Test Methods for ADAS Functions Considering Vehicle In-the-Loop
Authors: Qin Yanming , Tang Aihua , Jia Jin , Wan Lei , Zhao Heming , Long Yun
Published: November 2022

The radiated immunity of passenger cars and commercial vehicles is validated using electromagnetic interference from off-vehicle radiation sources in an anechoic chamber according to the procedure in ISO 11451-2. Common electrical or electronic vehicle systems, including dual flash, monitors, and entertainment systems, must be validated using a standardized immunity evaluation procedure. However, Automated Driver Assistance System (ADAS) functions often lack verification in complex electromagnetic fields, which might create potential risk due to electromagnetic compatibility problems. For example, radar and camera sensors based on autonomous emergency braking (AEB), adaptive cruise control (ACC), or lane departure warning (LDW) functions may be ineffective in the real world if subjected to electromagnetic interference. This paper presents a new methodology to evaluate vehicle immunity performance based on the main ADAS functions. A target simulator and a virtual driving environment are designed to trigger AEB, ACC, and LDW functions in an anechoic chamber. Moreover, the vehicle In-the-Loop (VHIL) conception is also applied by acquiring and analyzing key ADAS-related signals. The reliability of ADAS functions at the whole-vehicle level can be evaluated and improved using standardized external radiation sources.
pandemia tem um rosto e é feminino
Authors: Melo André de Oliveira
Published: November 2022

Este ensaio analisa o percurso sobre as convergências entre gênero, classe e raça no debate sobre os marcadores sociais da diferença, com destaque para o feminismo e, especificamente, a sociologia de gênero e do care. Procuro fornecer pistas de análise a partir da apresentação de casos de mulheres da matéria jornalística do El País “A pandemia tem um rosto e ele é feminino”. A partir de uma perspectiva interseccional, pretendemos demonstrar o acirramento dos casos de violência contra mulher, principalmente a mulher negra, no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Com isso, pretendo apresentar, sustentando sociologicamente a análise, o que já se observa desde o início da pandemia: as mulheres são majoritariamente prejudicadas.
A narrativa do pioneirismo de Virgilina de Souza Salles: feminismo e imprensa na Primeira República (1915-1930)
Authors: Nardini Giovanna
Published: November 2022

Virgilina de Souza Salles foi a idealizadora e criadora dos periódicos A Luta Moderna (1914 - 1915) e Revista Feminina (1915 - 1936), que foram publicados em São Paulo e circulavam por todo o Brasil. Com o falecimento de Virgilina em 1918, a Revista Feminina passa a ser comandada por João Salles (seu marido), Avelina Salles (sua filha) e Cláudio de Souza (seu irmão). A partir deste momento, observa-se que o início da criação de uma narrativa que busca apresentar a figura de Virgilina Salles como a pioneira do movimento feminista brasileiro. Por meio de uma série de artigos publicados durante vários anos, houve o objetivo de destacar sua atuação em busca de trazer novas discussões acerca do tema ao público brasileiro. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar essa narrativa criada e publicada pela Revista Feminina, bem como apresentar uma contextualização sobre onde esta questão se inseriu nos debates das primeiras décadas do século XX sobre o movimento feminista e os papéis das mulheres na sociedade. Por meio deste, pretende-se contribuir para o debate histórico sobre o movimento feminista no Brasil e seus percursos.
outra face da guerra
Authors: Bem Borges Giovanna , Bem Borges Deborah
Published: November 2022

Historicamente a guerra sempre foi estudada a partir de um suposto protagonismo masculino. Mesmo quando se buscava falar sobre a participação das mulheres em conflitos, elas eram geralmente colocadas em um papel secundário como trabalhadoras ou ainda apenas como vítimas. Nesse sentido, a União Soviética foi inovadora ao romper com essa lógica na Segunda Guerra Mundial mobilizando mais de um milhão de mulheres para todas as especialidades militares e até mesmo em posições combatentes, fato inédito até então. Dessa forma, esse texto descreverá uma pesquisa bibliográfica com referencial teórico metodológico no materialismo histórico-dialético com ênfase no feminismo marxista, cujo objetivo então é entender como ocorreu a inserção das mulheres no Exército Vermelho, bem como suas principais consequências. A partir desse processo, conclui-se que apesar de revolucionária para a época, a militarização das mulheres soviéticas não conseguiu de fato redefinir os papeis de gênero já estabelecidos na URSS, ainda que o governo se proclamasse igualitário.
An Illustration of Teaching and Assessment Practices of the “Conceptual Framework” as a Threshold Concept
Authors: Pearse Noel
Published: November 2022

Threshold concepts are critical to student learning, providing gateways to understanding particular fields or disciplines. This paper adopts this idea of threshold concepts and relevant teaching and assessment practices to illustrate its use in postgraduate students' teaching and learning activities when developing a conceptual framework for their research. This paper addresses several key topics, namely: (1) How conceptual frameworks are introduced and explained; (2) Differentiating quantitative variance conceptual frameworks from qualitative process conceptual frameworks; (3) Explaining and illustrating how to conduct process theory in qualitative research using the case study method, grounded theory method, and critical incident technique; and (4) Illustrating the role of formative and summative assessment as a form of scaffolding in the teaching and learning process.
Peran Manajemen Konflik terhadap Performansi Kerja dan Produktivitas Organisasi pada Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Agustina Granit , Febrian Feby
Published: November 2022

West Java Province has the potential for good community economic growth through the empowerment of its government and private organizations. This empowerment is carried out because every organization often experiences obstacles and challenges related to performance and productivity conflicts in carrying out their activities. This research aims to determine the role of conflict management, work performance, and organizational productivity in the Department of Tourism and Culture of West Java. The research method used quantitative and Path analysis. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique on the Department of Tourism and Culture of West Java Province employees, amounting to 67 of a population of 200 people. The study's results indicate that conflict influences work performance and productivity in the organization. Partially, organizational productivity dominated over work performance. Conflict often weakened a person's performance and reduced organizational productivity so that it might be appropriately handled.
Planning Experience on The Factors Affecting The Physical Land Use Change and Temporal Change in The Eastern Black Sea Coastal Settlements; The Case Of Çayeli
Authors: SİPAHİ Merve , YILMAZ Hasan
Published: November 2022

Coastal settlements have a dynamic and complex structure, and are constantly changing due to human and partially natural reasons. In this context, it is important to know the reasons that physically change the coastal cities and to create future plans in the light of these data. It was aimed the factors affecting the physical land use change in the Eastern Black Sea coastal settlements are specifiedto determine the change speed and to make correct and effective plan decisions of these changes in 4 different periods from the past to the present of Çayeli district. The study area is the Çayeli district of Rize province, which has a rugged and topographic structure in the Eastern Black Sea Coastal Region. In the study, the factors affecting the physical land use change in the Eastern Black Sea coastal settlements are specified and the temporal and spatial physical land use change (7 land use parameters) process (GIS) of Rize province Çayeli district. In this context, new planning and design scenarios for the development of the city are included in order to create a livable and sustainable coastal city. In order to create a sustainable environment, these studies form a basis for a city where energy is used effectively, human-oriented, cultural and historical values are protected, urban areas are developed with long-term plans, and in this process, urban agricultural areas and open green areas are protected.
Geomorfologia Estrutural: Entrevista com o Dr. Rubson Pinheiro Maia
Authors: Pinheiro Maia Rubson , Claudino-Sales Vanda , Cortez Lima Ernane , Lins de Freitas Antonio Jerfson
Published: November 2022

Geomorfologia Estrutural: Entrevista com o Dr. Rubson Pinheiro Maia
Menjadi Solider Seturut Etika Ironis Liberal Richard Rorty
Authors: Putra Agustinus Tamtama
Published: November 2022

This paper describes contextual ethical views in life as far as humans. The enforcement of justice demands term and conditions that allow its realization. Richard Rorty's idea of an ironic liberal ethic may become an embryo that can structure and shape justice as part of solidarity. The ethic of ironic liberal guides a person not to absolute his views, but to be open to the truth from others. Freedom is upheld as long as it does not cause cruelty to others because cruelty is the worst thing a human being can do. The open and free attitude that is the spirit of the liberal ironist is at odds with the metaphysics. The metaphysics are still looking for a basis for ethical conduct, while the liberal ironists believe that these various foundations are the root of all cruelty in society. By being ironically liberal, of course one becomes just by itself.
PARAMETER KUALITATIF MUTAN TANAMAN KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) SETELAH IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA
Authors: Nurchasanah Siti , Fitrianto Agung Prasetyo , Suparto Slamet Rohadi , Purwanto Purwanto , Oktaviani Eka
Published: November 2022

Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) merupakan jenis komoditi hortikultura yang menghasilkan umbi dari keluarga Solanaceae. Kebutuhan kentang terus meningkat setiap tahun sejalan dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk dan berkembangnya industri yang membutuhkan bahan baku kentang. Kentang banyak dibudidayakan di dataran tinggi di atas 800 m dpl, seperti Dieng, Kerinci, Pengalengan, dan Curup yang memiliki suhu 17ºC sampai dengan 20ºC sehingga tanaman kentang dapat berproduksi maksimal. Namun, di dataran tinggi mulai muncul ancaman lingkungan seperti kekeringan dan tanah longsor, sehingga mendorong para peneliti untuk mengembangkan tanaman kentang di dataran medium. Pengembangan varietas tanaman kentang untuk dataran medium terus dilakukan, salah satunya dengan induksi mutasi. Induksi mutasi dapat dilakukan dengan perlakuan bahan mutagen tertentu terhadap bagian tanaman seperti organ reproduksi. Iradiasi sinar gamma merupakan mutasi yang sering digunakan untuk menginduksi perubahan genetik di dalam sel somatik yang diturunkan, sehingga terjadi peningkatan viabilitas dan menghasilkan mutan baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh radiasi sinar gamma terhadap berbagai variabel kualitatif 3 (tiga) varietas tanaman kentang. Perlakuan radiasi sinar gamma memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda dengan tanaman kontrol pada variabel bentuk daun, frekuensi daun menyimpang, kebiasaan tumbuh, bentuk umbi, dan sifat ketahanan terhadap penyakit. Mutan yang memberikan keunggulan dalam segi ketahanan terhadap penyakit adalah mutan D1-A11, D2- A11, D2-A4, D1-G1, D1-G2, D3-G11, D3-G12, dan D2-M11.Kata kunci : kualitatif, kentang, iradiasi gamma, dataran medium
Magnetic Separation of Micro Beads and Cells on a Paper-Based Lateral Flow System
Authors: FAROOQİ Muhammad Fuad , İÇÖZ Kutay
Published: November 2022

Paper based lateral flow systems are widely used biosensor platforms to detect biomolecules in a liquid sample. Proteins, bacteria, oligonucleotides, and nanoparticles were investigated in the literature. In this work we designed a magnetic platform including dual magnets and tested the flow of micron size immunomagnetic particles alone and when loaded with cells on two different types of papers. The prewetting conditions of the paper and the applied external magnetic field are the two dominant factors affecting the particle and cell transport in paper. The images recorded with a cell phone, or with a bright field optical microscope were analyzed to measure the flow of particles and cells. The effect of prewetting conditions and magnetic force were measured, and it was shown that in the worst case, minimum 90% of the introduced cells reached to the edge of the paper. The paper based magnetophoretic lateral flow systems can be used for cell assays.
EFFECT OF PROCESSING VARIOUS TYPES OF RICE ON CARBOHYDRATE LEVELS
Authors: Pranata Chandra , Silalahi Jansen , . Yuandani , Cintya H
Published: November 2022

Beras adalah salah satu makanan pokok di Indonesia yang mempunyai kandungan karbohidrat yang cukup tinggi antara 70 – 80 %. Zaman sekarang ada berapa cara untuk mengelolah beras menjadi nasi yakni dengan cara kukus dan menggunakan ricecooker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menetukan kadar karbohidrat pada beras putih, beras merah dan beras hitam sebelum dan sesudah mengalami pengolahan menggunakan metode luff schrool. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan karbohidrat dari beras putih, beras merah dan beras hitam sebelum dan sesudah mengalami pengolahan maka didapatkan hasil pemeriksaan sebelum mengalami pengolahan kadar karbohidrat tertinggi adalah pada beras putih 52,56 ± 0,20 % dan terendah beras hitam 40,47 ± 0,20 %, sedangkan jika dilihat dari cara pengolahan untuk kadar karbohidrat terendah terdapat pada beras hitam kukus dengan kadar 6,00± 0,20% sementara tertinggi pada beras putih ricecooker 14,00 ±1,4 % sehingga didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa adanya pengaruh pengolahan dalam penurunan kadar karbohidrat dalam beras.

Kata Kunci: Karbohidrat, Pengolahan, Beras
ACTIVITY TEST ETHANOL EXTRACT MATOA (POMETIA PINNATA) ANTINFLAMMATION AGAINST MALE RATS INDUCED CARAGENAN
Authors: Turnip Nur Ulina M. Br. , Panjaitan Yudika Levanda
Published: November 2022

Matoa merupakan salah satu tanaman dari famili Sapindaceae yang tersebar di daerah tropis, termasuk Indonesia. Tanaman matoa banyak digunakan masyarakat dalam pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui efek antiinflamasi ekstrak etanol daun matoa (Pometia pinnata) terhadap mencit putih jantan yang di induksi karagenan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kontrol positif (Natrium Diklofenak 6,5 mg/kgBB), kontrol negatif (Na-CMC 0,5%) dan tiga dosis yang diuji yaitu 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB dan 300 mg/kgBB. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan induksi karagenan 0,1 ml sebagai iritan pada telapak kaki mencit selama 360 menit dengan parameter yang diamati adalah penghambatan udem kaki mencit menggunakan pletismometer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan (P>0,05) dengan kesimpulan tiga dosis yang diuji yaitu 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB dan 300 mg/kgBB memiliki efek antiinflamasi dimana dosis yang lebih efektif adalah 300 mg/kgBB.
PROFILE OF USE OF PREGNANT WOMEN SUPPLEMENTS IN THREE PHARMACIES LOCATED IN KARAWANG
Authors: Hamidah Nur Assyifa , Salman Salman , Gethera Vesara Ardhe
Published: November 2022

Kebutuhan gizi pada masa kehamilan akan meningkat sebesar 15% dibandingkan dengan kebutuhan wanita normal. Peningkatan gizi ini dibutuhkan untuk pertumbuhan rahim (uterus), payudara (mammae), volume darah, plasenta, air ketuban dan pertumbuhan janin. Gizi yang tidak terpenuhi akan berbahaya baik untuk ibu maupun untuk janin yang dikandung, Gizi yang kurang atau Malnutrisi selama masa kehamilan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada organ vital serta mengakibatkan komplikasi kesehatan yang serius baik bagi ibu maupun janin. Pada ibu hamil yang mengalami malnutrisi, makanan bergizi saja tidak cukup untuk memenuhi zat gizi yang kurang, maka dari itu diperlukannya suplemen untuk membantu memulihkan keadaannya dan menjaga janin agar tetap tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan jumlah penggunaan suplemen ibu hamil yang dilihat berdasarkan data dalam resep kemudian dimasukan kedalam microsoft excel, dan mengetahui indikasi suplemen tersebut berdasarkan informasi yang ada dalam mims serta mengetahui ada atau tidaknya interaksi obat dengan suplemen maupun suplemen dengan suplemen berdasarkan informasi yang ada pada drugs.com di tiga apotek di karawang Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, kualitatif-kuantitatif didukung dengan adanya data primer yang menggunakan data resep. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dari ke tiga apotek, penggunaan suplemen terbanyak adalah Vitamin B kompleks yang termasuk dalam golongan vitamin dan mineral serta tidak adanya interaksi obat yang terjadi di ketiga apotek yang dijadikan tempat penelitian kali ini.
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVENESS TEST OF KECOMBRANG LEAVES (ETLINGERA ELATIOR) ETHANOL EXTRACT ON THE GROWTH OF PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES
Authors: Wati Siska , Irwanto Reno , Cholilulah Andreais Boffil
Published: November 2022

Propionibacterium acnes merupakan salah satu flora normal pada kulit yang berperan dalam timbulnya jerawat. Bila jumlahnya meningkat bakteri ini akan menjadi patogen dan menimbulkan lesi inflamasi pada kulit. Alternatif yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan memanfaatkan bahan alamsebagai antibakteri yaitu tanaman kecombrang (Etlingera elatior). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) terhadappertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengekstrak daunkecombrang (Etlingera elatior) dengan metode ekstraksi maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Metode: Uji daya hambat dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram. Sampel terdiri dari 6 perlakuanyaitu ekstrak etanol daun kecombrang dengan konsentrasi 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, kontrol positif DMSO dan kontrol negatif clindamycin. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ekstrak etanol daun kecombrang dengankonsentrasi 20% mempunyai daya hambat sebesar 20,0 mm (kategori kuat), 15% sebesar 13,5 mm (kategori kuat), 10% sebesar 9,0 (kategori sedang), 5% sebesar 6,0 (kategori lemah). Kesimpulanpenelitian ini adalah daya hambat antibakteri terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dengankonsentrasi paling efektif adalah 20% dengan kategori kuat 20,0.
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN SISWA DALAM MENULIS TEKS PROSEDUR MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN RESIPROKAL DI KELAS VII I SMP NEGERI 1 JALANCAGAK
Authors: Marliawati Elas Tuti
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan siswa dalam menulis teks prosedur di kelas VII I SMP Negeri 1 Jalancagak melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Resiprokal. Indikator keberhasilan dari penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah meningkatnya hasil belajar siswa dalam setiap siklusnya dengan KKM sebesar 75. Model PTK yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model Stephen Kemmis dan Robin Mc. Taggart. Penelitian ini berlangsung dalam dua siklus dengan tiga pertemuan dalam setiap siklusnya. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII I SMP Negeri 1 Jalancagak pada semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 34 siswa. Nilai rata-rata kelas tes evaluasi pada siklus I adalah 71,32 dengan 18 siswa yang tuntas KKM (52,94%) dan nilai rata-rata tes evaluasi pada siklus II adalah 85,44 dengan 31 siswa yang tuntas KKM (91,18%). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata sebesar 14,12. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Resiprokal dapat meningkatkan keterampilan siswa dalam menulis teks prosedur di kelas VII I SMP Negeri 1 jalancagak semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TREFFINGER SISWA KELAS VII-B SMP NEGERI 1 CIMENYAN
Authors: Suhana Anan
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika di Siswa di Kelas VII-B SMP Negeri 1 Cimenyan, Kabupaten Bandung pada materi perbandingan melalui model Treffinger. Manfaat teoritis dari penelitian ini adalah dapat ikut serta dalam mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan, khususnya ilmu pengetahuan yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan. metode peneltiian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research). Prosedur penelitian tindakan kelas yang digunakan mengadopsi desain penelitian tindakan kelas yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil belajar menjadi indikator keberhasilan dari penelitian tindakan kelas ini. Hasil belajar yang dimaksud adalah berupa nilai yang diperoleh setiap siswa setelah dilaksanakan tes. Adapun cara atau teknik-teknik yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengumpulan data pada penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah Observasi, Tes, Wawancara, dan Dokumentasi kegiatan pembelajaaran. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dipaparkan, secara keselurhan proses pembelajaran mengalami perubahan dan peningkatan secara berangsur dari tiap tindakan dan siklusnya. Proses pembelajaran pada siklus 1 tindakan 1 menemui banyak kendala dan kekurangan. Berdasarkan seluruh pembahasan yang telah dipaparkan dapat disimpulkan bahwa model treffinger dapat meningkatkan proses belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika Siswa di Kelas VII-B SMP Negeri 1 Cimenyan Kecamatan Cimenyan Kabupaten Bandung pada materi perbandingan. Dalam proses pembelajarannya siswa menjadi lebih aktif dan kreatif dalam menyelesaikan soal melalui berbagai kegiatan seperti investigasi, diskusi dan presentasi. Dengan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar ini, juga menunjukkan bahwa penelitian yang dilaksanakan dapat dikatakan telah berhasil.
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN SISWA DALAM MENULISA TEKS PROSEDUR MELALUI PENERAPAN MEDIA GAMBAR BERSERI DI KELAS IX A SPF SMP NEGERI 1 SERANGPANJANG
Authors: Sayidah Idah
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan siswa dalam menulis teks prosedur melalui penerapan media gambar berseri pada siswa kelas IX A SPF SMP Negeri 1 Serangpanjang. Penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus dengan 3 kali pertemuan dalam setiap siklusnya. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX A SPF SMP Negeri 1 Serangpanjang yang berjumlah 36 siswa pada semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan keterampilan siswa dalam menulis teks prosedur dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan media gambar berseri di kelas IX A SPF SMP Negeri 1 Serangpanjang. Hal itu dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan hasil tes siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II. Dimana hasil rata-rata tes siklus I mencapai 71,67 dengan ketuntasan 52,78% dan pada siklus II hasil rata-rata tes meningkat menjadi 84,58 dengan ketuntasan 88,89%.
Malformaciones congénitas causadas por la infección del virus zika en el embarazo
Authors: Farias Diana , Padin-Paiva Barbara , Paiva-Campos Luiz , Martins-Borges Gabriel , Borba Fanny , Cruz Aecio , Murosaki Thiago , Abou-Rejaili Thiago , Freitas Wanderson
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo general investigar la prevalencia y las principales malformaciones congénitas causadas por el virus Zika durante el embarazo. En esta contribución, traemos la contextualización histórica del Zika, la prevalencia y las principales malformaciones fetales fueron discutidas, de ahí la importancia de este estudio. Se prefirió como metodología la revisión bibliográfica y el análisis crítico de los estudios científicos, enfocando a autores que abordaron el contexto histórico del tema, además de otros escritores que condujeron actualización de la temática y nombraron sobre las secuelas fetales, como la forma desfavorable y el curso de la infección. Finalmente, se detallan brevemente la asociación entre Zika y anormalidades fetales, exponiendo que la prevalencia de que la microcefalia aún es la más prevalente, donde 80% de las madres infectadas tiene fetos con esta anormalidad.
Reduction of Feature Extraction for COVID-19 CXR using Depthwise Separable Convolution Network
Authors: Iklima Zendi , Kadarina Trie Maya , Priambodo Rinto
Published: November 2022

A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classifier is generally utilized to classify an image tensor according to the mapped labels. The simplification of the classifier causes CNN to be often used to classify images, especially in the biomedical field. Thus, CNN is widely used to classify computer tomography (CT) and chest X-ray (CXR) images against the mapped labels. Several transfer learning models were implemented to classify CXR images for preliminary detection of COVID-19 infection, e.g., ResNet, Inception, Xception, etc. However, a transfer learning model has a maximum and minimum input resolution. Thus, the computational cost tends to be huge and unable to be optimized. Therefore, A custom CNN model can be a solution to reduce computational costs by configuring the feature extraction layers. This study proposed an efficient reduction of feature extraction for COVID-19 CXR namely Depthwise Separable Convolution Network. Furthermore, numerous strategies were adopted to lower the computational cost while retaining accuracy, including customizing the Batch Normalization (BN) layer and replacing the convolution layer with a separable convolution layer. The proposed model successfully reduced the feature extraction represented by the decreases in trainable parameters from 28.640 trainable parameters to 4.640 trainable parameters. The depthwise separable convolution effectively retains the performance accuracy 72.96%, loss 12.43%, recall 74.67%, precision 77.67%, and F1-score 75.33%. The CXR augmentation is also successfully increase the performance accuracy 74.55%, loss 11.37%, recall 77.67%, precision 79.56%, and F1-score 78.33%.
Business Sustainability in the Era of Society 5.0: Optimizing the Utilization of Social Media and Fintech for Muslim Millennial Entrepreneurs
Authors: Nursyamsu Nursyamsu , Ningsih Fitriarahayu , Nurdin
Published: November 2022

The transformation of conventional business transactions into digital-based businesses is strongly influenced by the presence of social media and fintech. The pattern of business interactions does not only take place in traditional and modern markets, but has also penetrated the virtual world. This study aims to examine and explore efforts to optimize the use of social media and fintech for business actors from Muslim millennials in maintaining the sustainability of the business they are engaged in in the face of the Society 5.0 era. This type of research is a field research with a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis method with a case study model on Muslim millennial business actors carried out in the Bungku Utara district, Morowali, Central Sulawesi. The result found that the use of social media in the form of Facebook, WhatsApp and Instagram as well as fintech in the form of M-Banking and E-Wallet for business continuity, plays an important role and its use in marketing, sales, market analysis, and forming and developing business networks. The theoretical implications of this research show that there is a need to integrate the use of social media and fintech in business activities by business actors. The practical implications show that the greater the use of social media in business activities, the greater the use of fintech which will support business continuity managed by business actors.
Arus Baru Politik Islam: Pluralisme, Kontestasi, dan Demokratisasi
Authors: Adib Muhammad , Qomari Nur
Published: November 2022

The recently political contestations in the Muslim world confirmed a new wave of Islamic politics. The political dynamics that have revolved so quickly and surprisingly, especially in non-Arab countries, are evidence that questioning the harmony between Islam and democracy, pluralism and human rights is no longer relevant. Even though it is not monolithic and is still in the “process of becoming”, the political dynamics that are revolving in a number of Muslim-majority countries actually lead to the same goal, namely the realization of a democratic and civilized politics.

Keywords: Political Contestation, Democratization, Process of Becoming
Nilai-Nilai Dasar Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Konsep al-Maqâshid al-Syarî‘ah
Authors: Huda Muhammad Hasbulloh
Published: November 2022

The values ??of human rights are not something new, we can find the values ??of human rights principles in the concept of Maq?shid al-Shar?'ah which is the foundation of the building of Islamic law itself. In this article the author seeks to explore the basic values ??of human rights in Islamic law by focusing on the theories of Maqashid al-Shari'ah. Some of the principal values ??that we can meet include the principle of justice, the principle of guaranteed protection, the principle of respect for rights, the principle of brotherhood, and the principle of freedom.
Belajar dari Fenomena Maw?l?
Authors: Puadi Hairul , Nur Qomari
Published: November 2022

Maw?l? was born from the oppression and discrimination of the Umayyad Regime. They emerged as a new political force and as an opposition which eventually helped to overthrow the Umayyad Dynasty. This is a further result of the Bani Umayyad's political policies in upholding Arab supremacy over the non-Arab Muslim community. Realized or not, sharp segregation and separation in terms of social, economic up to worship (ritual) gave birth to a new phenomenon in the world of the political arena of the Umayyad regime. Arab supremacy can indeed be enforced, but greater movement and strength in their bodies are ready to tear them down at any time.

The oppression, discrimination and treatment as a second class society under the domination of the Arab Muslims they received not only made them hate the Umayyad regime but moreover they were anti-Arab; trying to oppose the Arabism system.
KEDUDUKAN HADIS DALAM PENETAPAN HUKUM
Authors: Wahab Fatkhul
Published: November 2022

Hadis atau sunnah merupakan segala aktivitas Rasulullah SAW. baik yang berupa perbuatan, ucapan atau diamnya beliau terhadap sesuatu perbuatan yang dilakukan oleh para sahabat.  Segala aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh Rasulullah saw, sebagian ulama memandang sebagai suatu perbuatan hukum yang harus diamalkan oleh umatnya. tetapi sebagian ulama lainnya berpendapat bahwa yang mempunyai kaitan hukumlah yang ditetapkan sebagai hukum yang harus diamalkan. Sedangkan yang tidak berkaitan dengan hukum dipandang sebagai perbuatan sunnah. Hadis merupakan sumber hukum Islam kedua setelah Alquran yang dijadikan pegangan atau hujjah bagi umat Islam. Oleh karena itu, hadis menjadi pegangan atau hujjah dalam menetapkan suatu hukum yang tidak ada di dalam nash Alquran. Hadis yang dijadikan sumber hukum, para ulama sepakat memberikan kreteria yang ketat, hal ini karena hadis merupakan pedoman bagi umat Islam untuk menjalani dan melaksanakan perintah-perintah Allah baik yang berhubungan dengan ibadah ritual maupun ibadah sosial. Pengetatan yang dilakukan oleh para ulama ini bermaksud agar terhindar dari hadis-hadis palsu yang bertebaran di masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh orang-orang demi kepentingan dirinya dan golongannya. Karena itu para ulama mengklasifikasikan hadis menjadi tiga macam yaitu : hadis shahih, hadis hasan dan hadis dhaif. Sedangkan dari segi penerimaannya, para ulam membagi hadis menjadi dua yakni hadis mutawatir dan hadis ahad
UPAYA MENUJU CITA-CITA KHIL?FAH ISL?MIYYAH:
Authors: Ulum Bahrul
Published: November 2022

Ikhw?n al-Muslim?n is one of the largest da'wah congregations that continues to carry out its various activities. The sympathizers, supporters and cadres are scattered in various regions throughout the world. They carried out their da'wah activities by referring to the various directions and thoughts that were spawned by the great thinker of Ikhw?n al-Muslim?n as well as its founder, Im?m Syah?d Hasan al-Bann?.

Initially, Ikhw?n al-Muslim?n movement engaged in social and educational fields. Some of the activities include the establishment of polyclinics, mosques, schools, factories, eradication of illiteracy, publication of religious books, and daily and magazine publications. Over time, its movement began to enter into the problem of political realm.

The journey of Ikhw?n al-Muslim?n is full of tribulations. Obstacles and challenges, especially from the Egyptian Government, are an integral part of the history of Ikhw?n al-Muslim?n, since the first quarter of the 20th century up to the present time with the dynamics of ups and downs and full of tragedy in realizing their ideals namely the establishment of the Islamic Caliphate.
SAKSI TALAK MENURUT IM?M AL-SY?FI’?
Authors: Ahmad Fauzi  , Syamsul A'dlom
Published: November 2022

Scholars differ about the necessity of witnesses in divorce. There are those who oblige, say the Sunnah, and while others say that divorce does not need a witness. These differences stem from an understanding of related sacred texts that are also diverse. In addition, those with their opinions hold their own logic.

In Indonesia itself, the witness' obligation is regulated in positive Islamic law or KHI. Divorce must be resolved through the Religious Courts. This means that the existence of witnesses in the divorce process in Indonesia is a necessity, as a form of efforts to protect the rights of all related parties.

Imam al-Shafi'i in his magnum opus, al-Umm, said that witnesses in divorce and reconciliation were the same as the position of witnesses in the sale and purchase agreement or other trade transactions that were highly recommended for the benefit of the people.
HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF SOSIAL-HISTORIS
Authors: Huda Muhammad Hasbulloh
Published: November 2022

Hak Asasi Manusia sebagai bentuk pergulatan pemikiran manusia bukanlah hal baru dalam kehidupan manusia itu sendiri, pemikiran ini telah muncul jauh sebelum konsep Hak Asasi menjadi konsep universal. Karena itu menjadi sebuah urgensi yang perlu di perhatikan untuk mendalami tmbuh kembang konsep hak asasi manusia dalam banyak perspektif, salah satunya dalam perspektif social-historis.
USUL FIKIH NU: ELEMEN METODOLOGIS MAZHAB FIKIH NU
Authors: Adib Muhammad
Published: November 2022

This paper reveals the methodological element (usul fiqh) of the “NU fiqh school”, especially those formulated and applied in Bahtsul Masail, and which qualified to be called an institution or ideology-based school of law (madhhab). Using normative, historical and philosophical approach simultaneously, this paper suggests that usul fiqh is not at all monolithic. Throughout its history, this discipline has evolved and changed in such a way, giving rise to various variants or paradigms. One of them is NU usul fiqh, an distinctive Islamic jurisprudance which is influenced by local context and logic of thinking inherited from generation to generation by NU scholars.
TIDAK SAHNYA PERWALIAN KARENA TIDAK SAH NYA PERNIKAHAN
Authors: Jazari
Published: November 2022

Agama islam mengatur ketat dalam setiap masalah, agar manusia tidak terjerumus kedalam hal yang tidak diinginkan. Masalah perwalian menjadi hal yang sangat penting untuk dibahas. Dalam penelitian ini akan dibahas tentang apa itu wali dalam ppernikahan, siapakah yang berhak menjadi wali? Dan apa saja syarat menjadi wali dalam perikahan? Serta bagaimana peran wali dalam pernikahan?. Serta bagaimana hukumnya jika menikah tanpa adanya wali?.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Mendeskripsikan apa itu wali dalam pernikahan, siapa saja yang berhak menjadi wali, syarat menjadi wali dalam perikahan, peran wali dalam pernikahan,  hukumnya jika menikah tanpa adanya wali? Wali pernikahan selalu dari pihak ayah, dalam pernikahan hendaklah mengurutkan wali dari yang paling dekat (memperhatikan urutan), Wali yang paling akhir untuk menikahkan seorang wanita mslim ialah wali hakim, Ayah angkat dan saudara angkat tidaklah bisa menikahkan anak gadisnya, Begitu juga ayah tiri tidaklah bisa menjadi wali dalam pernikahan anak tirinya, Wali dalam pernikahan setiap orang berbeda disetiap kasus pernikahan, Pernikahan seorang wanita harus dengan wali, baik wali nasab (wali biologis) maupun wali hakim. Peran wali dalam pernikahan sangatlah diperlukan/penting. Di Indonesia berlaku setiap anak yang lahir dari hasil perzinahan menggunakan wali hakim. Hukum pernikahan seseorang yang menikah tanpa adanya wali adalah tidak sah pernikahannya. Jika ada wanita menikahkan dirinya dengan izin walinya atau tanpa izin walinya maka pernikahanny tidaklah sah (batal).