bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy Logic for Solving the Water-Energy Management Problem in Standalone Water Desalination Systems
Authors: Ben Ali Ines , Turki Mehdi , Belhadj Jamel , Roboam Xavier
Published: February 2023

This work investigates an important topic of energy and water security (water-energy nexus). For this purpose, Water-Energy Management Strategy (W-EMS) for a standalone water desalination system powered by PV-Wind source is designed. The proposed W-EMS is based on fuzzy logic. In this context, authors focus on the design phase of the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) through which three design methods are described and analyzed. The influence of FIS design on W-EMS performance is highlighted. First, it is shown that based on the designer's knowledge, the handmade-FIS can offer good performance for the W-EMS. Then, the water-energy management is formulated as an optimization problem. Therefore, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the FIS design to reduce iterative hand-tuning trials. Furthermore, the design of the fuzzy W-EMS can be addressed by a data-driven approach as a third step. This method shows its good performance in terms of water production and energy efficiency compared to the designed FISs by the two previous methods (handmade tuning and genetic algorithm).
Mining Project Failure Indicators From Big Data Using Machine Learning Mixed Methods
Authors: Strang Kenneth David , Vajjhala Narasimha Rao
Published: February 2023

The literature revealed approximately 50% of IT-related projects around the world fail, which must frustrate a sponsor or decision maker since their ability to forecast success is statistically about the same as guessing with a random coin toss. Nonetheless, some project success/failure factors have been identified, but often the effect sizes were statistically negligible. A pragmatic mixed methods recursive approach was applied, using structured programming, machine learning (ML), and statistical software to mine a large data source for probable project success/failure indicators. Seven feature indicators were detected from ML, producing an accuracy of 79.9%, a recall rate of 81%, an F1 score of 0.798, and a ROCa of 0.849. A post-hoc regression model confirmed three indicators were significant with a 27% effect size. The contributions made to the body of knowledge included: A conceptual model comparing ML methods by artificial intelligence capability and research decision making goal, a mixed methods recursive pragmatic research design, application of the random forest ML technique with post hoc statistical methods, and a preliminary list of IT project failure indicators analyzed from big data.
Breast Cancer Classification With Microarray Gene Expression Data Based on Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Devi S. Sathiya , Prithiviraj K.
Published: February 2023

Breast cancer is one of the most common and dangerous cancer types in women worldwide. Since it is generally a genetic disease, microarray technology-based cancer prediction is technically significant among lot of diagnosis methods. The microarray gene expression data contains fewer samples with many redundant and noisy genes. It leads to inaccurate diagnose and low prediction accuracy. To overcome these difficulties, this paper proposes an Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm (IWOA) for wrapper based feature selection in gene expression data. The proposed IWOA incorporates modified cross over and mutation operations to enhance the exploration and exploitation of classical WOA. The proposed IWOA adapts multiobjective fitness function, which simultaneously balance between minimization of error rate and feature selection. The experimental analysis demonstrated that, the proposed IWOA with Gradient Boost Classifier (GBC) achieves high classification accuracy of 97.7% with minimum subset of features and also converges quickly for the breast cancer dataset.
Research on Electric Load Forecasting and User Benefit Maximization Under Demand-Side Response
Authors: Zhao Wenna , Mu Guoxing , Zhu Yanfang , Xu Limei , Zhang Deliang , Huang Hongwei
Published: February 2023

In this paper, the real-time changes of demand-side response factors are accurately considered. First, CNN is combined with BiLSTM network to extract the spatio-temporal features of load data; then an attention mechanism is introduced to automatically assign the corresponding weights to the hidden layer states of BiLSTM. In the optimization part of the network parameters, the PSO algorithm is combined to obtain better model parameters. Then, considering the average reduction rate of various users under energy efficiency resources and the average load rate under load resources on the original forecast load and the original forecast load, the original load is superimposed with the response load considering demand-side resources to achieve accurate load forecast. Finally, “price-based” time-of-use tariff and “incentive-based” emergency demand response are selected to build a load response model based on the principle of maximizing customer benefits. The results show that demand-side response can reduce the frequency and magnitude of price fluctuations in the wholesale market.
Artificial Electric Field Algorithm Applied to the Economic Load Dispatch Problem With Valve Point Loading Effect
Authors: Shah Kathan , Soni Jatin , Bhattacharjee Kuntal
Published: February 2023

Economic load dispatch is to operate thermal generators economically with fulfilling load demand. This economic dispatch problem becomes highly complex and non-linear after considering various operating constraints like valve-point loading effect, generator operating constraints, and prohibited operating zone. The recently developed physics law-based artificial electric field algorithm has been applied to solve highly complex and non-linear ELD problems. The exploration and exploitation strategy of the algorithm helps to avoid local optimum value, and to get global optimum value in less computation time. The AEFA method has been applied to 10, 13, 15, 40, and large 110 thermal generators to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results obtained by the proposed algorithm have been compared with other recently developed algorithms.
Exploring the Impact of Gamification Elements in Brand Apps on the Purchase Intention of Consumers
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Lavuri Rambabu , Parida Ratri , Singh Sujay Vikram
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this manuscript is to understand how the elements of the game apps impact the intention of purchase of a consumer with the mediating effect of perceived enjoyment, hedonic value, and social interaction to derive benefits designed in terms of marketing strategies. Quantitative data obtained from the non-probability sampling via a standardized questionnaire in the design of exploratory analysis was done to examine the effect of gamification on behaviour intention by adopting mechanic-dynamics-aesthetics (MDA) framework. The findings of the research indicated that fun as a sub-element of mobile gamification can significantly affect social interaction, and storytelling has a significant impact on perceived enjoyment. The study identifies perceived enjoyment as an important antecedent of consumer intention to involve gamification. This provides managers and developers to focus on dynamics, mechanics, and proper feedback systems with the emergence of new technologies.
Validation and psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Power Behavioural System Scale (PBSS)
Authors: Salzano Sara , Zappullo Isa , Senese Vincenzo Paolo , Conson Massimiliano , Finelli Carmela , Mikulincer Mario , Shaver Phillip R.
Published: February 2023

The power behavioural system is a neurobehavioral system that motivates a person to acquire and control resources that are important for survival and reproductive success. When activated, its function is to protect or restore the sense of power, influence, or dominance. Repeated experiences of failure in achieving this goal may result in hyperactivation or deactivation of power-oriented behaviours (analogous to the secondary strategies observed with respect to the attachment behavioural system). Gaining a reliable and valid measure of hyperactivation and deactivation of the power system can be important for understanding an individual’s responses to different social contexts and, in clinical settings, can help the therapist identify the client’s difficulties that may undermine the therapeutic process. In the present study, we developed the Italian version of the Power Behavioural System Scale (PBSS), a self-report measure developed by Shaver et al. (2011) to assess individual differences in hyperactivation and deactivation of the power system. Results indicated an adequate fit to the expected two-factor model, and the measure proved to be reliable and had good convergent and structural validity, allowing the quantification of individual differences in power system hyperactivation and deactivation.
Pediatric Health Care Provider Awareness, Perceptions, and Utility of Sport Specialization Recommendations
Authors: Valovich McLeod Tamara C. , Snedden Traci R. , Post Eric G. , Fetchen-DiCesaro Shelly , Mohrbacher Denise Ashley , Antoniak Katherine , Bell David Robert , Zaslow Tracy
Published: February 2023

Context

Sport specialization, or focused participation in a single sport, is associated with an increased rate of overuse injury and burnout. Medical associations and sport organizations have published recommendations for sport specialization aimed at reducing its negative consequences. Health care providers (HCPs) are often identified as individuals who can educate athletes and parents about these important recommendations.

Objective

To compare knowledge, perceptions, awareness, confidence in knowledge, and use of sport specialization recommendations among HCPs who work with pediatric athletes.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

An online web-based survey was developed to assess HCPs’ knowledge, perceptions, awareness, confidence in knowledge, and clinical use of sport specialization recommendations.

Patients or Other Participants

Participants were recruited from the research survey services of 4 professional organizations.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Dependent variables were responses for awareness, perceptions, confidence in knowledge, use, and barriers sections of the survey. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics; comparisons among HCPs were made through χ2 and Kruskal-Wallis tests.

Results

The survey was completed by 770 HCPs (completion rate = 95.1%). Respondents lacked awareness specific to recommendations surrounding the maximum number of sport participation months per year (39.5%), maximum hours per week (40.7%), and maximum number of teams on which youth athletes should participate concurrently (43.9%). Physicians were the most aware of medical organization recommendations generally (48%–68.8%) and confident in their knowledge (41.5%–75.1%). All HCPs were less aware and confident in their knowledge of sport organization recommendations, with no differences among HCPs. Physicians did not perceive many barriers to the use of the recommendations, whereas athletic trainers felt that patient (39.9%) and parent (45.3%) behaviors were the greatest barriers to usage.

Conclusions

Awareness, perceptions, and use of sport specialization recommendations varied by discipline, but most respondents believed they were associated with a decreased risk of injury. Future researchers should focus on improved education and implementation of recommendations across all roles.
Baseline Evaluation of Concussion-Like Symptoms and Modifying Factors in Collegiate Club-Sport Athletes
Authors: Moran Ryan N. , Guin Russell , Louis Melanie , Rhodes Kali
Published: February 2023

Context

Collegiate club-sport athletes participate in a variety of competitive sports and have been understudied in the concussion literature. Baseline performance measures are warranted to better understand assessment and management.

Objective

To quantify normative values and the effects of modifying factors sex, concussion history, diagnosed attention disabilities (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]), and sport type on baseline symptom evaluation among collegiate club-sport athletes.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Retrospective chart review.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 1034 collegiate club-sport athletes (N = 649 males, 62.7%) from 29 sports at a single institution.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Chart reviews were conducted for club-sport athletes who completed athlete background and symptom information on the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool—5th edition as a baseline concussion assessment during a single academic year. Demographics (eg, age, sex, sport), background medical information (eg, concussion history, ADHD), and symptom evaluation, consisting of individual 22-item symptom reports, the total number of symptoms, symptom severity scores, and symptom factors (eg, physical, cognitive, insomnia, and emotional), were analyzed.

Results

On baseline symptom reporting, 68% of club-sport athletes were asymptomatic, with mild symptoms described by 3% to 12% and moderate or severe symptoms by ≤4%. Modifier groups differed with a higher total number of symptoms and symptom severity in females (P < .001), individuals reporting a history of concussion (P < .001), and those with ADHD (total number P = .04, symptom severity P = .02). Similar significant findings were noted for females and the history of concussion group on all 4 symptom factors; however, those in collision or contact sports also indicated greater cognitive (P = .03) and insomnia (P = .02) factors. Those with ADHD endorsed more cognitive (P < .001) factors.

Conclusions

Normative symptoms for a collegiate club-sport sample revealed approximately 70% were asymptomatic. Higher total number of symptoms and symptom severity were demonstrated by females and those with a history of concussion. Cognitive-specific symptoms were greater in those diagnosed with ADHD and those who participated in collision or contact sports.
Investigation into the feasibility of increasing geoscience accessibility through existing web platforms and mobile applications, Nunavut
Authors: Sanborn-Barrie M , Rayner N M , Ford A
Published: February 2023

Accessibility and uptake of geoscience knowledge by First Nations and Inuit community members has traditionally been limited. This is, at least in part, due to the technical nature of geological maps and the expensive licensing requirements of the geographic
information system software that is used to view and analyse geoscience data. During the Foundational Year of GEM GeoNorth, we investigated the potential of available apps and platforms, including NRCan Observer, Rockd and SIKU to broaden access and knowledge sharing of geoscience with
non-specialists. Most prospective was SIKU - a mobile app developed by northerners for northerners that currently supports knowledge-gathering related to the natural world (currently mammals, birds, fish and sea-ice conditions). This report provides an overview of our investigation and presents
detailed aspects of the feasibility and related costs of incorporating a geoscience component(s) into SIKU that could allow northerners the opportunity to calibrate geoscience through georeferenced photographs and structural trends for consideration and use on their terms.
Building clinical pharmacology laboratory capacity in low- and middle-income countries: Experience from Uganda
Authors: Omali Denis , Buzibye Allan , Kwizera Richard , Byakika-Kibwika Pauline , Namakula Rhoda , Matovu Joshua , Mbabazi Olive , Mande Emmanuel , Sekaggya-Wiltshire Christine , Nakanjako Damalie , Gutteck Ursula , McAdam Keith , Easterbrook Philippa , Kambugu Andrew , Fehr Jan , Castelnuovo Barbara , Manabe Yukari C. , Lamorde Mohammed , Mueller Daniel , Merry Concepta
Published: February 2023

Background: Research and clinical use of clinical pharmacology laboratories are limited in low- and middle-income countries. We describe our experience in building and sustaining laboratory capacity for clinical pharmacology at the Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda.Intervention: Existing laboratory infrastructure was repurposed, and new equipment was acquired. Laboratory personnel were hired and trained to optimise, validate, and develop in-house methods for testing antiretroviral, anti-tuberculosis and other drugs, including 10 high-performance liquid chromatography methods and four mass spectrometry methods. We reviewed all research collaborations and projects for which samples were assayed in the laboratory from January 2006 to November 2020. We assessed laboratory staff mentorship from collaborative relationships and the contribution of research projects towards human resource development, assay development, and equipment and maintenance costs. We further assessed the quality of testing and use of the laboratory for research and clinical care.Lessons learnt: Fourteen years post inception, the clinical pharmacology laboratory had contributed significantly to the overall research output at the institute by supporting 26 pharmacokinetic studies. The laboratory has actively participated in an international external quality assurance programme for the last four years. For clinical care, a therapeutic drug monitoring service is accessible to patients living with HIV at the Adult Infectious Diseases clinic in Kampala, Uganda.Recommendations: Driven primarily by research projects, clinical pharmacology laboratory capacity was successfully established in Uganda, resulting in sustained research output and clinical support. Strategies implemented in building capacity for this laboratory may guide similar processes in other low- and middle-income countries.
The validity of a general factor of emotional intelligence in the South African context
Authors: Van Lill Xander , Stols Anneke , Rajab Pakeezah , Wiggett Jani
Published: February 2023

Emotional intelligence (EI) plays an important role in the prediction of important work-related outcomes, such as work performance. Southern African scholars frequently deploy total scores of EI without considering its hierarchical structure. This study investigated the presence of a general factor, as manifested among the subscales of the EQ-i 2.0, using an archival dataset of 16 581 employees in Southern Africa. Orthogonal first-order, single-factor, higher-order, oblique lower-order and bifactor models were specified to investigate the hierarchical structure of EI. The evidence supports the notion that a total score could be calculated for EI based on the EQ-i 2.0. A total EI score also appears to be predictive of employees’ individual work performance, as measured by their managers. It might, therefore, be practically meaningful for practitioners to calculate or use a total score when making selection decisions about employees based on the EQ-i. 2.0.Contribution: The findings of the present study offer insights into the theoretical and empirical structure of EI based on statistical techniques that have not been used on the construct in the Southern African context. Concurrent validity evidence further provides additional support that an overall quantitative score, based on the EQ-i. 2.0, has utility in hiring practices, where the aim is to predict future work performance.
The state and progress of the gas to power programme in South Africa
Authors: Mkhize Nkosingiphile E. , Nel-Sanders Danielle
Published: February 2023

Background: The Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) is a plan that strives to ensure energy security and directs the goals of South Africa’s energy governance. The IRP recognises G2P as an alternative energy source that has the potential to motivate and promote sustainable energy and clean energy, diversify the energy mix and minimise the amount of carbon footprint left behind.Aim: The focus of this research is to describe current developments in South Africa towards implementing the G2P.Setting: The research presented in this article investigates a national policy programme in the energy sector in South Africa.Methods: This research is based on a secondary qualitative approach. Unobtrusive research techniques are used to analyse secondary data and authoritative literature sources.Results: The findings of this article indicate that there are a few problems that are preventing South Africa from having a successful implementation of the G2P. Among them are the monopoly that exists in the energy industry and the lack of clarity on the path that the present policy direction on G2P would take.Conclusion: The government has made significant headway in the implementation of the G2P by implementing a policy framework, developing institutional structures and delegating roles and duties to various key actors.Contribution: This research seeks to update information on the progress and developments towards the implementation of the gas to power programme in South Africa. This will help stimulate debate and further research on areas that researchers and policymakers still need to consider within this research area.
Psychosocial experiences of mothers caring for children with cerebral palsy in the eThekwini district
Authors: Seroke Sibongile , Mkhize Sipho W.
Published: February 2023

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most prevalent neurological illness in children, and it can cause permanent sensory, motor and cognitive problems for the rest of one’s life. Raising a child with special needs necessitates extensive resources. Women in the middle and lower income brackets are more likely to care for children with CP.Aim: To explore and describe the psychosocial experiences of mothers of children with CP in eThekwini.Setting: This study was conducted at KwaZulu-Natal Children’s Hospital and rehabilitation centre.Methods: The research methods were exploratory and descriptive in nature, with a qualitative approach. Purposive convenience sampling was used to select 12 participants who were parents of children with CP under the age of 18. For data collection, semistructured interviews were utilised. The purpose of thematic analysis is to uncover, analyse and summarise themes and patterns within a data set. Semistructured interviews were used to collect data.Results: The psychosocial experiences of mothers of children with CP revealed three key themes. Themes included the burden of care, a lack of social support and the impact of children with CP on mothers.Conclusion: Participants whose children with CP experienced physical, emotional, psychological and social issues, including inaccessible services and buildings and social isolation from family, friends and the community.Contribution: This study helps to strengthen the development and review of policies on care, support interventions and mother empowerment for children with CP.
The acceptability and perceived use of HIV self-testing among technical vocational education and training students in Limpopo province
Authors: Teffo Mimi E. , Mndzebele Samuel L. , Mokgatle Mathildah M.
Published: February 2023

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus self-testing (HIVST) is a most recent testing modality to reach young people to test for HIV, due to their increased vulnerability of contracting HIV. Limited literature is available describing sexual behaviours and the acceptability of HIVST and its perceived use among students.Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the acceptability and perceived use of HIV self-testing among students in Limpopo province, South Africa.Setting: The study was conducted in Limpopo province, at a technical and vocational education and training (TVET) college.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 396 students recruited from a TVET college.Results: The mean age of the students was 22.9 years, with the majority of the students being female (77.2%). The majority (81.4%) of the students sampled reported regular sexual activity. Sixty per cent of the students had used condoms during their last sexual encounter. The acceptability of HIVST was high, with more women showing the willingness to take up HIVST (82.5%). Being sexually active (odds ratio [OR] 1.23; (confidence interval [CI]: 2.14 -6.94; p = 0.000), a number of sexual partners (OR 1.045; CI: 1.98 -10.02; p = 0.000) and condom use during the last sexual encounter (OR 0.62; CI: 3.81 -9.59; p = 0.000) were factors associated with HIVST.Conclusion: The high acceptability of HIV shows a need for innovative demand creation in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) programming.Contribution: The study contributes to the body of literature about the acceptability and perceived use of HIV self-testing among students. Findings can be used for improving HIVST interventions using innovative approaches.
The role of community health nurses in promoting school learners’ reproductive health in North West province
Authors: Ramalepa Tshiamo N.
Published: February 2023

Background: Reproductive health education is a major component in schools, which is delivered through Life Orientation and Life Science subjects. Providing sexual and reproductive health education and services remains a challenge in schools of many countries, as well as South Africa. Community health nurses have the responsibility to initiate and participate in reproductive health promotion initiatives in schools.Aim: To explore the roles of community health nurses in the promotion of school learners’ reproductive health in schools.Setting: This study was conducted in the clinics of Madibeng municipality in North West province, South Africa.Methods: An exploratory qualitative research study was conducted using in-depth interviews for data collection. The population included community health nurses who were sampled purposively.Results: Community health nurses revealed that their primary role was to provide health education to learners, particularly in clinics. Furthermore, they revealed that they did not visit schools and had no communication with teachers regarding learners’ reproductive health issues.Conclusion: The Department of Education has opened a platform for the provision of reproductive health education in schools through various teacher-led initiatives. However, this has posed a significant challenge to teachers as they may not be willing to deliver sensitive and sexually themed information to learners. To ensure effective delivery of reproductive health education in schools, community health nurses, teachers and other relevant stakeholders must collaborate in schools.Contribution: This article highlights the importance of community health nurses visiting schools to promote the reproductive health of school learners.
Opportunities and challenges in the commercialisation of medicinal plants used in village chicken health management
Authors: Chidembo Ranganai , Ndlovu Wiseman , Mwale Marizvikuru , Obadire Olusegun , Francis Joseph
Published: February 2023

Background: Medicinal plants (MPs) are widely accepted and used in most rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa and beyond to treat and control village chicken (VC) diseases and parasites. They are readily available, accessible and cheap. Moreover, they are nature friendly and have adapted to the local environment, making them easy to produce. Over and above, their use has health benefits for consumers. Little is known about the opportunities and challenges faced when commercialising these MPs.Aim: It is imperative to unpack the opportunities and challenges that are encountered while commercialising MPs used for treating VC diseases and controlling parasites. Despite these multiple benefits, the commercialisation of these plants seems to be under researched. In South Africa, different rural communities use various MPs in their locality. For instance, most rural families in South Africa are using Aloe ferox, Helichrysum petiolare, Tagetes minuta, Lippia javanica, Agave sisalana, Gunnera perpensa and Millettia grandis. Conspicuously, not much is known about the efforts made to commercialise these products.Method: Through a systematic review of the literature, this paper unpacks the trends, opportunities and challenges faced in commercialising MPs used to treat VC disease and control parasites.Results: Results have revealed that globally MPs for VC management are not widely recognised, despite their wide usage by local communities. If properly harnessed, they have the potential to strengthen local economic development through income generation. However, currently, little is derived from the sale of these products because of the presence of middlemen. Their commercialisation efforts are hampered by the lack of organised support systems and networks, lack of regularisation strategies and clear criteria for supporting quality, protection and presumed efficiency.Conclusion: By commercialising MPs, local farmers can exploit MPs beyond the village chickens to broiler and layer chickens, thus offering alternative chicken health and affordable medicinal options for the farmers.Contribution: The study contributes to understanding the available opportunities and challenges in commercialising MPs used for village chicken health management. It further demonstrates that MPs for village health can be used to transform the livelihoods of the custodians of these plants.
Grade 4 learners with reading and writing difficulties in Mauritius: Oral reading and spelling characteristics
Authors: Veerabudren Sattiavany , Kritzinger Alta , Graham Marien A. , Geertsema Salomé , Le Roux Mia
Published: February 2023

Background: Learners with reading and writing difficulties (RWD) are accommodated in Mauritian government schools without formal curriculum adjustment and teacher support. Little is known about their RWD. The aim was to describe the characteristics of Grade 4 learners with RWD.Aim: To describe the characteristics of Grade 4 learners with RWD.Setting: Government primary schools in Mauritius, in urban and rural areas.Methods: Grade 4 learners with RWD from 20 randomly selected schools were identified with the Screening Tool for Learning Disorders (STLD). A comparative design was used. Parents of 67 learners with RWD (research group [RG]) gave consent. Forty-nine learners without RWD were selected as a control group (CG) based on academic performance and consent. Hearing loss and visual impairment were excluded. The Clinical Evaluation of Language Function Observation Rating Scale (CELF-5 ORS), the Schonell Spelling Test and the Gray Oral Reading Test were used.Results: The CELF-5 ORS showed a wide range of difficulties of the RG with speaking, listening, oral reading and writing. There were significant differences between the RG and CG with reading and spelling. Despite being in Grade 4 (mean age 9.0 years), the mean spelling age for the RG was 5.5 years, corresponding to a Grade 1 level. Positive correlations were found between the STLD and listening, speaking and reading on the CELF-5 ORS for the RG. The more likely it was that participants had specific learning disorders on the STLD, the worse the spelling. Those with a history of speech and language delay performed more poorly with reading and spelling.Conclusion: Difficulties were confirmed by all the measures. Diagnostic assessments for specific learning disorders are required to exclude intellectual disability and other comorbidities. There is a dire need for intervention programs for learners with RWD in mainstream government schools in Mauritius. Programs should include speech-language therapists and aim at prevention, identification, diagnosis and intervention.Contribution: The study is important for speech–language therapists working in the education system and primary school teachers. There is a dire need to implement intervention programs for learners with RWD in mainstream government schools in Mauritius.
Breaking the unbreakable: A paediatric case of dolutegravir resistance from KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Malinga Sibongiseni , Khan Aabida , Archary Moherndran
Published: February 2023

We report a case of dolutegravir resistance in KwaZulu-Natal in a 13-year-old male two years after starting dolutegravir. Resistance most likely developed due to poor adherence as a result of psychosocial issues. This case highlights the importance of the role of the family unit in impacting adherence and close monitoring of treatment-experienced patients with virologic failure following switching to dolutegravir-based regimens.
Psychological Predictors of Adherence to Self-Care Behaviour amongst Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Visiting Public Hospital, North India
Authors: Rana Divya , Kumar Rajesh , Kant Ravi
Published: February 2023

Background and Aims:

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) need a high degree of self-care behavior, treatment adherence, and good psychological health. Psychological health play a vital role in adherence to treatment regimen and self-management of diabetes. This study aims to identify the psychological predictors of self-care behaviors among patients with T2DM.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted at a diabetic clinic at a tertiary care hospital in North India. Structured pre-tested personal and clinical profile and self-efficacy, diabetes distress, depression and anxiety, and complications and fear of developing hypoglycaemia due to diabetes mellitus in the future are measured through standardized questionnaires.

Results:

The mean age of the participants was 53.5 (±3.68) years, and 41.4% were in the overweight (BMI: 25.0–29.9) and obese (16.7%, BMI > 30) category. Self-care behaviours found significant association with self-efficacy (r = 0.34, P < 0.001), anxiety (r = −0.28, P < 0.001), depression (r = −0.28, P < 0.001) and diabetes-related distress (r = −0.30, P < 0.001). Further, self-efficacy (P = 0.001), diabetes distress (P < 0.001) and fear of developing hypoglycaemia (P < 0.001) were reported independent predictors of self-care behaviour in patients with T2DM.

Conclusions:

The current study suggests that self-efficacy, fear of hypoglycaemia and emotional state played an important role in adherence to self-care behaviour in T2DM management. Patients with diabetes mellitus should be routinely screened for psychological factors at diabetes clinics. Thus, developing tailored interventions to raise belief and self-efficacy might be a useful way to increase the involvement of patients in treatment.
Diabetes and Edentulism: A Survey on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Indian Sub-Population
Authors: Devadiga Trupti J. , Godil Aamir Z. , Wadwan Sanaa A. , Kazi Arshi I. , Dugal Ramandeep J. , Khan Mohammed Aatif A.
Published: February 2023

Aims:

The current study was conducted to assess the oral health-related quality of life in completely edentulous and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The null hypothesis of the survey is that there is no effect of both edentulism and diabetes on the oral health-related quality of life of patients.

Settings and Design:

A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Methods and Materials:

Test Groups: The study population was divided into three groups: • Group 1: Non-diabetic patients, wearing a complete denture. • Group 2: Diabetic patients, wearing a complete denture. • Group 3: Diabetic, completely dentulous patients. Sample Size: In total, 332 (200 males and 132 females) patients.

Methodology of the Survey:

Telephonic and interview methods of surveying were employed to evaluate patients.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The mean values, standard deviation (SD) and P value were calculated using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The level of significance was set at 5% (*P value < 0.05, ***P value < 0.001, NS: statistically non-significant). The higher the score, the higher the impact and vice-versa. Inter-group comparisons were done with post-hoc Bonferroni’s test for multiple group comparisons.

Results:

Data collected from the survey were statistically significant, results were noted between the completely edentulous patients wearing dentures and diabetic dentulous patients. Though DM is a potent risk factor for periodontitis, leading to edentulism, statistical analysis of this study suggested that the oral health-related quality of life was affected significantly only due to edentulism and not due to DM. This is indicative of the fact that the quality of the prostheses itself determines the overall oral health-related quality of life, irrespective of whether the patient is a diabetic or not. Therefore, it can be said that the present trends of prosthodontic management of patients with DM are successfully restoring the patients physiological, psychological as well as social needs.

Conclusions:

Complete edentulism is the terminal outcome of a multifactorial process involving biological factors and patient-related factors. Diabetes and edentulism are both potential comorbid factors governing the oral health-related quality of life. The correlation between the two is complex and needs a thorough evaluation to improve the overall health of patients in the current clinical practice.
Role of Aromatase Inhibitors in Managing Hypogonadism in Adult Males Related to Obesity and Aging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dutta Deep , Mohindra Ritin , Kumar Manoj , Sharma Meha
Published: February 2023

No meta-analysis is available which has analysed the role of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) in hypogonadism in adult males related to obesity and aging. This meta-analysis intended to address this knowledge gap. Electronic databases were searched for studies involving adult males with hypogonadism. The primary outcomes were changes in total testosterone (TT). Secondary outcomes were alterations in oestradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), and side-effect profile. From initially screened 177 articles, data from three randomised controlled trials(RCTs) (118 patients) and three uncontrolled studies(52 patients) were analysed. AIs were associated with significantly greater improvement in TT after three months [mean difference (MD) 7.08 nmol/L (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 5.92–8.24); P < 0.01; I2 = 0%], six months [MD 6.61 nmol/L (95% CI: 5.30–7.93); P < 0.01] and 12 months [MD 5.20 nmol/L (95% CI: 3.78–6.62); P < 0.01] therapy. AIs were associated with greater reduction in oestradiol after three months [MD -3.07 pmol/L (95% CI: -5.27– -0.87); P < 0.01; I2 = 40%], six months [MD -5.39 pmol/L (95% CI: -7.18– -3.60); P < 0.01] and 12 months [MD -8.3 pmol/L (95% CI: -15.97– -0.63); P = 0.03] therapy. AIs were associated with greater increase in LH after three months [MD 1.79 IU/L (95% CI: 0.77–2.81); P < 0.01; I2 = 0%], six months [MD 2.20 IU/L (95% CI: 0.29 – 4.11); P = 0.02] and 12 months [MD 1.70 IU/L (95% CI: 0.28–3.12); P = 0.02] therapy. Occurrence of treatment-emergent adverse events[Risk ratio (RR) 1.48 (95% CI: 0.47–4.66); P = 0.45; I2 = 0%] and severe adverse events[RR 2.48 (95% CI: 0.42–14.66); P = 0.32; I2 = 0%] were similar among AIs and controls. Following six-month treatment, AIs were associated with significantly lower bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar-spine [MD -0.04 gm/cm2 (95% CI: -0.08– -0.01); P = 0.03], but not total hip [MD 0.01 gm/cm2 (95% CI: -0.02–0.04); P = 0.55] and femoral neck [MD 0.02 gm/cm2 (95% CI: -0.01–0.05); P = 0.12] compared to controls. This meta-analysis highlights the good efficacy of AIs in improving TT over 3–12 months of use. Adverse impact on spine bone density remains a concern in obese ageing males and warrants further evaluation.
Two different in-vitro simulation protocols to evaluate the color stability of heat cure acrylic resin denture base
Authors: ELkafoury Noha M. H. , Asal Safa'a A. , Alam-Eldein Ahmed M.
Published: February 2023

Introduction

In-vitro studies are required to predict the outcomes of in-vivo studies. Reliability of simulation protocols used in in-vitro test is an indication for its creditability. Up to our knowledge, no in-vitro method is yet available based on which resin material discoloration can be assessed with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Likely, there will never be a single laboratory test or a collection of tests that will accurately predict the clinical performance on specific materials. This, however, should not be an excuse for not improving and validating the laboratory test methods.

Purpose

To evaluate the effect of two different simulation protocol using the same discoloring agents and effect of brushing on color stability of heat cure acrylic resin denture base.

Materials and Methods

One hundred twenty heat cure acrylic resin disk samples, all were exposed to coffee, roselle, and cigarette smoke for a simulation period representing three months: half of samples were immersed in simulation mediums continuously without artificial saliva. Group A, the other half was exposed to simulation mediums and artificial saliva in a term of cycle repeated daily. Group B, each half was subdivided into two subgroups, one subgroup was brushed with soft toothbrush under water (A2, B2) while the other subgroup was rinsed with water (A1, B1). Color measurement was conducted by portable spectrophotometer.

Results

Statistically significant difference between the four subgroups, the highest color change was reported for subgroup (A1) followed by subgroups (A2, B1, B2) in order.

Conclusion

Simulation protocol in term of a cycle repeated daily is more representative to the oral cavity than continuous protocol, patients must be instructed to perform hygienic procedures daily to maintain the denture esthetics.
In vitro study of the effect of nanosilver fluoride on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets and demineralization of enamel
Authors: El-Toukhy Mariam H. , El-Shourbagy Eman M. , Fakhry Neveen M.
Published: February 2023

Objective

The Purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of nanosilver fluoride (NSF) on shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets and prevention of enamel demineralization.

Materials and methods

Seventy-five human premolars divided into three group. Brackets were bonded directly to buccal surface using grengloo (Ormco) light cured orthodontic adhesive following manufacturer's instructions. In group I, no intervention was carried out. In group II, NSF was applied for 2 min before acid etching while in group III, NSF was applied for 2 min after acid etching. All samples were then subjected to pH cycle to simulate cariogenic challenge. SBS and adhesive remnant index score were evaluated for all samples then five teeth from each group were prepared for scanning electron microscopic evaluation.

Results

The mean SBS values were 9.74 ± 3.03, 10.39 ± 2.77, and 10.71 ± 3.34 for group I, II, and III, respectively. The one-way analysis of variance revealed nonsignificant difference among groups. For adhesive remnant index scores, statistically significant difference was found between groups I and II and groups I and III while there was no statistically significant difference between groups II and III. Scanning electron microscopic observations showed deposition of new fluoroapatite crystals with less enamel demineralization in groups II and III.

Conclusion

NSF could be effectively used for preventing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets without negatively affecting the bond strength. The site of bond failure was changed by NSF application with increased adhesive remaining on tooth surface after debonding.
Existence and boundary asymptotic behavior of strictly convex solutions for singular Monge–Ampère problems with gradient terms
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , Bai Shuangshuang
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we study the existence as well as the boundary asymptotic behavior of strictly convex solutions for singular Monge–Ampère problems with gradient terms. The standard tools are Karamata regular variation theory and the sub-super-solution method. In order to apply these methods, we need to know the properties of the weight function

b

and the nonlinear term

f

. We find new structure conditions on

b

and

f

to overcome the difficulties due to the singularity of

b

and the gradient terms.
On the birationality of the Hessian maps of quartic curves and cubic surfaces
Authors: Dimca Alexandru , Sticlaru Gabriel
Published: February 2023

We show that the Hessian map of quartic plane curves is a birational morphism onto its image, thus bringing new evidence for a very interesting conjecture of Ciro Ciliberto and Giorgio Ottaviani. Our new approach also yields a simpler proof of the similar property for cubic surfaces, which is already known by the work of these two authors.
A note on the Lumer–Phillips theorem for bi-continuous semigroups
Authors: Kruse Karsten , Seifert Christian
Published: February 2023

Given a Banach space

X

and an additional coarser Hausdorff locally convex topology

\tau

on

X

, we characterise the generators of

\tau

-bi-continuous semigroups in the spirit of the Lumer–Phillips theorem, i.e. by means of dissipativity with respect to a directed system of seminorms and a range condition.
War and International Business: Insights from Political Science
Authors: Melin Molly M. , Sosa Santiago , Velez-Calle Andres , Montiel Ivan
Published: February 2023

How might businesses foster peace? We borrow insights from political science on the causes of war to guide IB scholarly research. We analyze war as a bargaining failure and present five causes of war (unchecked authority, intangible incentives, uncertainty, commitment problems, and misperceptions). We then identify business-for-peace initiatives (modifying incentives for war and peace, ex-combatant demobilization and reintegration, providing information, mediation and track-two diplomacy, peace guarantees, and community engagement) and propose research questions for each. Our work has important implications for IB scholars conducting research on firms operating in conflict-prone environments.
Analysis of The Influence of Application Design, Customer Service, Security/Privacy, and Fulfillment Towards Customer Loyalty Through Customer Satisfaction and Customer Trust as Intervening Variable on The Customers of Shopee Application in Medan, Indonesia
Authors:   Economics and Business School, Pelita Harapan University, Surabaya, Indonesia, Sari Valencia Winar , Suryaputra Ronald ,   Economics and Business School, Pelita Harapan University, Surabaya, Indonesia, Amelia Amelia ,   Economics and Business School, Pelita Harapan University, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: February 2023

This study is conducted to analyze the influence of application design, customer service, security/privacy, and fulfillment towards customer loyalty through customer satisfaction and customer trust as intervening variable on the customers of Shopee in Medan, Indonesia. This study is conducted on 275 respondents with the characteristics of male and female, ranging from 18-60 by age, lives in Medan, and has conducted transaction using Shopee Application at least twice in the past year. This study is conducted by adopting quantitative approach with causal- comparative research method. The result of this study which is obtained from the Structural Equation Model (SEM) by AMOS software version 22.0 shows that application design has significant influence towards customer satisfaction, application design has no significant influence towards customer trust, customer service has no significant influence towards customer satisfaction, customer service has significant influence towards customer trust, security/privacy has no significant influence towards customer satisfaction, security/privacy has significant influence towards customer trust, fulfillment has significant influence towards customer satisfaction, fulfillment has significant influence towards customer trust, customer satisfaction has significant influence towards customer loyalty, and customer trust has significant influence towards customer loyalty.