bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances and Trends in Chiplet Design and Heterogeneous Integration Packaging
Authors: Lau John H.
Published: May 2023

In this study, chiplet design and heterogeneous integration packaging, especially (a) chip partition and heterogeneous integration driven by cost and technology optimization, Figs. 1(a) and 1(b) chip split and heterogeneous integration driven by cost and yield, Figs. 1(b) and 1(c) multiple system and heterogeneous integration with thin-film layers directly on top of a build-up package substrate, Figs. 1(c) and 1(d) multiple system and heterogeneous integration with an organic interposer on top of a build-up package substrate, Figs. 1(d) and 1(e) multiple system and heterogeneous integration with through-silicon via (TSV) interposer on top of a build-up package substrate, Fig. 1(e), will be investigated. Figures 1(c)–1(e) are driven by formfactor and performance. Emphasis is placed on their advantages and disadvantages, design, materials, process, and examples. Some recommendations will also be provided.
Simulated and Experimental Verification of Fuel-Efficient Truck Platooning With Model Predictive Control Under Grade and Traffic Disturbances
Authors: Ard Tyler , Pattel Bibin , Fuhs Karla , Vahidi Ardalan , Borhan Hoseinali
Published: May 2023

Truck platooning closely regulates gaps between heavy-duty freight trucks to exploit slipstream effects for reducing aerodynamic friction—and therefore reducing engine effort and fuel usage. Currently deployed applications of this have been classically actuated through error-correcting PID feedback loops with connectivity amongst trucks in a fleet to form a connected and adaptive cruise control law that attenuates disturbances between trucks to maintain tolerable gaps. Typically, performance of such systems is challenged by difficult, albeit not uncommon, transients when under traffic conditions and when under road grade variations. Because of this, such platooning control requires attentive and trained drivers to disengage the adaptive cruise control—which limits its potentials for reducing driver load. More advanced longitudinal motion planning under predictive optimal control can push for higher levels of autonomy under a larger range of scenarios, as well as improve fuel efficiency. Here, model predictive control for fuel-performant truck platooning is vetted in both simulation and experimentation for representative traffic and road grade routes. Several approaches are used exploiting physics-based models with and without the powertrain system, and neural network-encoded models. The fuel benefits of aerodynamic platooning are isolated from the more general eco-driving approach, which already provides fuel benefit to trucks by smartly selecting truck velocity. Results from simulation and validation in experimentation are presented—showing up to 6% benefit in fuel economy through eco-driving and an additional 3% achievable through platooning. Observed losses in fuel performance are explained by energy dissipation from braking.
Collagen hydrogel viscoelasticity regulates MSC chondrogenesis in a ROCK-dependent manner
Authors: Huang Danyang , Li Yuehong , Ma Zihan , Lin Hai , Zhu Xiangdong , Xiao Yun , Zhang Xingdong
Published: May 2023

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis in three-dimensional (3D) culture involves dynamic changes in cytoskeleton architecture during mesenchymal condensation before morphogenesis. However, the mechanism linking dynamic mechanical properties of matrix to cytoskeletal changes during chondrogenesis remains unclear. Here, we investigated how viscoelasticity, a time-dependent mechanical property of collagen hydrogel, coordinates MSC cytoskeleton changes at different stages of chondrogenesis. The viscoelasticity of collagen hydrogel was modulated by controlling the gelling process without chemical cross-linking. In slower-relaxing hydrogels, although a disordered cortical actin promoted early chondrogenic differentiation, persistent myosin hyperactivation resulted in Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)–dependent apoptosis. Meanwhile, faster-relaxing hydrogels promoted cell-matrix interactions and eventually facilitated long-term chondrogenesis with mitigated myosin hyperactivation and cell apoptosis, similar to the effect of ROCK inhibitors. The current work not only reveals how matrix viscoelasticity coordinates MSC chondrogenesis and survival in a ROCK-dependent manner but also highlights viscoelasticity as a design parameter for biomaterials for chondrogenic 3D culture.
Asparagine Uptake: a Cellular Strategy of
Methylocystis
to Combat Severe Salt Stress
Authors: Guo Kangli , Glatter Timo , Paczia Nicole , Liesack Werner
Published: May 2023

Methylocystis
spp. play a major role in reducing methane emissions into the atmosphere from methanogenic wetlands. In addition, they contribute to atmospheric methane oxidation in upland soils.
Spatially and Temporally Explicit Metagenomes and Metagenome-Assembled Genomes from the Comau Fjord (42°S), Patagonia
Authors: Castro-Nallar Eduardo , Berríos-Farías Valentín , Díez Beatriz , Guajardo-Leiva Sergio
Published: May 2023

Microbes play an important role in coastal and estuarine waters. We present 93 metagenomes and 677 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from Comau Fjord, Patagonia (42°S), to further understand the microbial dynamics and their response to anthropogenic disturbances. These data represent a spatially (35-km transect) and temporally (2016 to 2019) explicit data set.
Whole-Genome Sequence of Rhizobacterium
Sphingomonas
sp. Strain 7/4-4, Isolated from the Root Nodule of Astragalus tugarinovii Basil Growing in the Russian Arctic
Authors: Guro Polina , Karlov Denis , Kuznetsova Irina , Sazanova Anna , Alekhina Irina , Belimov Andrey , Safronova Vera
Published: May 2023

The complete genome sequence of
Sphingomonas
sp. strain 7/4-4, which was isolated from the root nodule of the circumpolar legume
Astragalus tugarinovii
Basil, is reported. The assembly contains 4,423,370 bp in 1 circular chromosome, with a GC content of 65.94%. The genome sequence of strain 7/4-4 could provide insights into the metabolic potential of Arctic rhizobacteria.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacteriophage EO1, Which Infects Both Escherichia coli O157:H7 and
Shigella
Authors: Choi Jieun , Chang Yoonjee
Published: May 2023

The lytic bacteriophage EO1 has been newly isolated. This phage infects
Escherichia coli
O157:H7 and has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including against
Shigella
. The complete genome sequence of phage EO1 was determined; its full length is 166,941 bp, and it has a G+C content of 35.46%.
In vitro
and
ex vivo
proteomics of
Mycobacterium marinum
biofilms and the development of biofilm-binding synthetic nanobodies
Authors: Hammarén Milka Marjut , Luukinen Hanna , Sillanpää Alina , Remans Kim , Lapouge Karine , Custódio Tânia , Löw Christian , Myllymäki Henna , Montonen Toni , Seeger Markus , Robertson Joseph , Nyman Tuula A. , Savijoki Kirsi , Parikka Mataleena
Published: May 2023

The antibiotic-tolerant biofilms present in tuberculous granulomas add an additional layer of complexity when treating mycobacterial infections, including tuberculosis (TB). For a more efficient treatment of TB, the biofilm forms of mycobacteria warrant specific attention. Here, we used
Mycobacterium marinum
(Mmr) as a biofilm-forming model to identify the abundant proteins covering the biofilm surface. We used biotinylation/streptavidin-based proteomics on the proteins exposed at the Mmr biofilm matrices
in vitro
to identify 448 proteins and
ex vivo
proteomics to detect 91 Mmr proteins from the mycobacterial granulomas isolated from adult zebrafish.
In vitro
and
ex vivo
proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers
PXD033425
and
PXD039416
, respectively. Data comparisons pinpointed the molecular chaperone GroEL2 as the most abundant Mmr protein within the
in vitro
and
ex vivo
proteomes, while its paralog, GroEL1, with a known role in biofilm formation, was detected with slightly lower intensity values. To validate the surface exposure of these targets, we created in-house synthetic nanobodies (sybodies) against the two chaperones and identified sybodies that bind the mycobacterial biofilms
in vitro
and those present in
ex vivo
granulomas. Taken together, the present study reports a proof-of-concept showing that surface proteomics
in vitro
and
ex vivo
proteomics combined is a valuable strategy to identify surface-exposed proteins on the mycobacterial biofilm. Biofilm surface–binding nanobodies could be eventually used as homing agents to deliver biofilm-targeting treatments to the sites of persistent biofilm infection.

IMPORTANCE

With the currently available antibiotics, the treatment of TB takes months. The slow response to treatment is caused by antibiotic tolerance, which is especially common among bacteria that form biofilms. Such biofilms are composed of bacterial cells surrounded by the extracellular matrix. Both the matrix and the dormant lifestyle of the bacterial cells are thought to hinder the efficacy of antibiotics. To be able to develop faster-acting treatments against TB, the biofilm forms of mycobacteria deserve specific attention. In this work, we characterize the protein composition of Mmr biofilms in bacterial cultures and in mycobacteria extracted from infected adult zebrafish. We identify abundant surface-exposed targets and develop the first sybodies that bind to mycobacterial biofilms. As nanobodies can be linked to other therapeutic compounds, in the future, they can provide means to target therapies to biofilms.
Trends in glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control in adults with diabetes in Switzerland: the CoLaus|PsyCoLaus Study
Authors: Alkandari Abdullah , Vaucher Julien , Marques-Vidal Pedro
Published: May 2023

Aim

To assess the 15-year trends in the level of glycemic, blood pressure, and cholesterol control in adults with diabetes in a Swiss population-based cohort.

Research design and methods

CoLaus|PsyCoLaus is a prospective cohort study of 6733 adults aged 35–75 years in Lausanne, Switzerland. Baseline recruitment was conducted in 2003–6 and was followed by three subsequent follow-ups in 2009–12, 2014–17 and 2018–21. In adults with diabetes, glycemic control was defined as fasting plasma glucose <7 mmol/L, blood pressure control as systolic and diastolic pressures of <140/90 mm Hg, and lipid control as non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol control <3.4 mmol/L.

Results

Rates of glycemic control improved from 23.2% (95% CI 19.5 to 27.3) in 2003–6 to 32.8% (95% CI 28.1 to 37.8) in 2018–21. Blood pressure control also improved, from 51.5% at baseline (95% CI 46.8 to 56.2) to 63.3% (95% CI 58.2 to 68.1) 15 years later. The largest improvement was in cholesterol control, from 29.1% (95% CI 25.1 to 33.6) in 2003–6 to 56.3% (95% CI 51.1 to 61.4) in 2018–21. Overall, simultaneous control of all three improved from 5.5% (95% CI 3.7 to 8.1) at baseline to 17.2% (95% CI 13.7 to 21.5) 15 years later. Improvements in risk factor control tallied with an increase in the use of glucose-lowering agents, blood pressure-lowering medication, and statins. Men were less likely to achieve blood pressure control but presented with a better control of non-HDL cholesterol. Caucasians were less likely to achieve simultaneous control than non-Caucasians.

Conclusion

Cardiovascular risk factor control in adults with diabetes in Switzerland has increased in the last 15 years, but there remains a margin for improvement.
Cost-effectiveness of insulin pumps compared with multiple daily injections both provided with structured education for adults with type 1 diabetes: a health economic analysis of the Relative Effectiveness of Pumps over Structured Education (REPOSE) randomised controlled trial
Authors: Pollard Daniel John , Brennan Alan , Dixon Simon , Waugh Norman , Elliott Jackie , Heller Simon , Lee Ellen , Campbell Michael , Basarir Hasan , White David
Published: May 2023

Objectives

To assess the long-term cost-effectiveness of insulin pumps and Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (pumps+DAFNE) compared with multiple daily insulin injections and DAFNE (MDI+DAFNE) for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in the UK.

Methods

We undertook a cost–utility analysis using the Sheffield Type 1 Diabetes Policy Model and data from the Relative Effectiveness of Pumps over Structured Education (REPOSE) trial to estimate the lifetime incidence of diabetic complications, intervention-based resource use and associated effects on costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). All economic analyses took a National Health Service and personal social services perspective and discounted costs and QALYs at 3.5% per annum. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed on the base case. Further uncertainties in the cost of pumps and the evidence used to inform the model were explored using scenario analyses.

Setting

Eight diabetes centres in England and Scotland.

Participants

Adults with T1DM who were eligible to receive a structured education course and did not have a strong clinical indication or a preference for a pump.

Intervention

Pumps+DAFNE.

Comparator

MDI+DAFNE.

Main outcome measures

Incremental costs, incremental QALYs gained and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs).

Results

Compared with MDI+DAFNE, pumps+DAFNE was associated with an incremental discounted lifetime cost of +£18 853 (95% CI £6175 to £31 645) and a gain in discounted lifetime QALYs of +0.13 (95% CI −0.70 to +0.96). The base case mean ICER was £142 195 per QALY gained. The probability of pump+DAFNE being cost-effective using a cost-effectiveness threshold of £20 000 per QALY gained was 14.0%. All scenario and subgroup analyses examined indicated that the ICER was unlikely to fall below £30 000 per QALY gained.

Conclusions

Our analysis of the REPOSE data suggests that routine use of pumps in adults without an immediate clinical need for a pump, as identified by National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, would not be cost-effective.

Trial registration number

NCT61215213.
A randomised controlled trial of a facilitated home-based rehabilitation intervention in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and their caregivers: the REACH-HFpEF Pilot Study
Authors: Lang Chim C , Smith Karen , Wingham Jennifer , Eyre Victoria , Greaves Colin J , Warren Fiona C , Green Colin , Jolly Kate , Davis Russell C , Doherty Patrick Joseph , Miles Jackie , Britten Nicky , Abraham Charles , Van Lingen Robin , Singh Sally J , Paul Kevin , Hillsdon Melvyn , Sadler Susannah , Hayward Christopher , Dalal Hayes M , Taylor Rod S
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Home-based cardiac rehabilitation may overcome suboptimal rates of participation. The overarching aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the novel Rehabilitation EnAblement in CHronic Hear Failure (REACH-HF) rehabilitation intervention for patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and their caregivers.

Methods and results

Patients were randomised 1:1 to REACH-HF intervention plus usual care (intervention group) or usual care alone (control group). REACH-HF is a home-based comprehensive self-management rehabilitation programme that comprises patient and carer manuals with supplementary tools, delivered by trained healthcare facilitators over a 12 week period. Patient outcomes were collected by blinded assessors at baseline, 3 months and 6 months postrandomisation and included health-related quality of life (primary) and psychological well-being, exercise capacity, physical activity and HF-related hospitalisation (secondary). Outcomes were also collected in caregivers.

We enrolled 50 symptomatic patients with HF from Tayside, Scotland with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≥45% (mean age 73.9 years, 54% female, 100% white British) and 21 caregivers. Study retention (90%) and intervention uptake (92%) were excellent. At 6 months, data from 45 patients showed a potential direction of effect in favour of the intervention group, including the primary outcome of Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire total score (between-group mean difference −11.5, 95% CI −22.8 to 0.3). A total of 11 (4 intervention, 7 control) patients experienced a hospital admission over the 6 months of follow-up with 4 (control patients) of these admissions being HF-related. Improvements were seen in a number intervention caregivers' mental health and burden compared with control.

Conclusions

Our findings support the feasibility and rationale for delivering the REACH-HF facilitated home-based rehabilitation intervention for patients with HFpEF and their caregivers and progression to a full multicentre randomised clinical trial to test its clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.

Trial registration number

NCT78539530
Protocol for a definitive randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation of a community-based rehabilitation programme following hip fracture: fracture in the elderly multidisciplinary rehabilitation—phase III (FEMuR III)
Authors: Williams Nefyn , Dodd Susanna , Hardwick Ben , Clayton Dannii , Edwards Rhiannon Tudor , Charles Joanna Mary , Logan Phillipa , Busse Monica , Lewis Ruth , Smith Toby O , Sackley Catherine , Morrison Val , Lemmey Andrew , Masterson-Algar Patricia , Howard Lola , Hennessy Sophie , Soady Claire , Ralph Penelope , Dobson Susan , Dorkenoo Shanaz
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Proximal femoral (hip) fracture is common, serious and costly. Rehabilitation may improve functional recovery but evidence of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness are lacking. An enhanced rehabilitation intervention was previously developed and a feasibility study tested the methods used for this randomised controlled trial (RCT). The objectives are to compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the enhanced rehabilitation programme following surgical repair of proximal femoral fracture in older people compared with usual care.

Methods and analysis

Protocol for phase III, parallel-group, two-armed, superiority, pragmatic RCT with 1:1 allocation ratio; allocation sequence by minimisation programme with a built-in random element; secure web-based allocation concealment. The two treatments will be usual care (control) and usual care plus an enhanced rehabilitation programme (intervention). The enhanced rehabilitation will consist of a patient-held information workbook, goal setting diary and up to six additional therapy sessions. Outcome assessment and statistical analysis will be performed blind; patient and carer participants will be unblinded. Outcomes will be measured at baseline, 17 and 52 weeks’ follow-up. Primary outcome at 52 weeks will be the Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living scale. Secondary outcomes will measure anxiety and depression, health utility, cognitive status, hip pain intensity, falls self-efficacy, fear of falling, grip strength and physical function. Carer strain, anxiety and depression will be measured in carers. All safety events will be recorded, and serious adverse events will be assessed to determine whether they are related to the intervention and expected. Concurrent economic evaluation will be a cost-utility analysis from a health service and personal social care perspective. An embedded process evaluation will determine the mechanisms and processes that explain the implementation and impacts of the enhanced rehabilitation programme.

Ethics and dissemination

National Health Service research ethics approval reference 18/NE/0300. Results will be disseminated by peer-reviewed publication.

Trial registration number

NCT28376407; Pre-results registered on 23 November 2018.
Involvement of methodological experts and the quality of clinical practice guidelines: a critical appraisal of clinical practice guidelines and a questionnaire survey of the development groups in Japan
Authors: Hatakeyama Yosuke , Seto Kanako , Onishi Ryo , Hirata Koki , Matsumoto Kunichika , Wu Yinghui , Hasegawa Tomonori
Published: May 2023

Objective

To evaluate whether the involvement of methodological experts improves the quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) after adjusting for other factors.

Setting

The quality of Japanese CPGs published in 2011–2019 was assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research, and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument. A questionnaire survey targeting CPG development groups was conducted through postal mail.

Participants

405 CPGs were retrieved from a Japanese CPG clearinghouse. Questionnaires were distributed to the 405 CPG development groups. Of the 178 respondents, 22 were excluded because of missing values. Finally, 156 participants representing their CPG development groups were included in the analysis.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

CPG quality was assessed using the AGREE II tool. The characteristics of CPGs, including publication year, development organisation, versions, number of members in the development group and involvement of methodological experts, were corrected from the description in the CPGs and the questionnaire survey. We performed multiple logistic regressions using the quality of CPGs as the dependent variable and the involvement of experts as the independent variable, adjusting for other possible factors.

Results

A total of 156 CPGs were included. Expert involvement was significantly associated with the AGREE II instrument scores in domains 1 (β=0.207), 2 (β=0.370), 3 (β=0.413), 4 (β=0.289), 5 (β=0.375), 6 (β=0.240) and overall (β=0.344).

Conclusion

This study revealed that the involvement of methodological experts in the CPG development process improves the quality of CPGs. The results suggest the importance of establishing a training and certification programme for experts and constructing expert referral systems that meet CPG developers’ needs to improve the quality of CPGs.
Planned improvement actions based on patient safety incident reports in Estonian hospitals: a document analysis
Authors: Uibu Ere , Põlluste Kaja , Lember Margus , Toompere Karolin , Kangasniemi Mari
Published: May 2023

Aim

Aim of this study was to describe and analyse associations of incidents and their improvement actions in hospital setting.

Methods

It was a retrospective document analysis of incident reporting systems’ reports registered during 2018–2019 in two Estonian regional hospitals. Data were extracted, organised, quantified and analysed by statistical methods.

Results

In total, 1973 incident reports were analysed. The most commonly reported incidents were related to patient violent or self-harming behaviour (n=587), followed by patient accidents (n=379), and 40% of all incidents were non-harm incidents (n=782). Improvement actions were documented in 83% (n=1643) of all the reports and they were focused on (1) direct patient care, (2) staff-related actions; (3) equipment and general protocols and (4) environment and organisational issues. Improvement actions were mostly associated with medication and transfusion treatment and targeted to staff. The second often associated improvement actions were related to patient accidents and were mostly focused on that particular patient’s further care. Improvement actions were mostly planned for incidents with moderate and mild harm, and for incidents involving children and adolescents.

Conclusion

Patient safety incidents-related improvement actions need to be considered as a strategy for long-term development in patient safety in organisations. It is vital for patient safety that the planned changes related to the reporting will be documented and implemented more visibly. As a result, it will boost the confidence in managers’ work and strengthens all staff’s commitment to patient safety initiatives in an organisation.
Lake aging concept revisited: alternative comprehensive approach to lake ontogeny
Authors: Kornijów Ryszard
Published: May 2023

The only available theoretical model explaining the natural development of lakes is a set of assumptions underlying the so-called lake aging concept (LAC). It incorrectly states that with time, lakes age and are inevitably and unidirectionally subject to eutrophication processes. In its most radical version, it misidentifies eutrophication, i.e., an increase in productivity resulting from enrichment in nutrients, with progressive disappearance of lakes over geological timescales due to the filling of the basin with sediment. To this day, LAC assumptions are referred to in various sources, including scientific articles, the Internet, official government documents, as well as teaching materials, all despite a critical approach to this concept presented in several publications, including limnology textbooks. This article, for the first time, presents the history of creation of LAC and an analysis of its main assumptions. A new alternative approach to explain lake ontogeny is also proposed, based on the current knowledge from several environmental sciences, including limnology, physical geography, and paleoecology.
Natural Language–Based Conceptual Modelling Frameworks: State of the Art and Future Opportunities
Authors: Hossain Bayzid Ashik , Mukta Md. Saddam Hossain , Islam Md Adnanul , Zaman Akib , Schwitter Rolf
Published: May 2023

Identifying requirements for an information system is an important task and conceptual modelling is the first step in this process. Conceptual modelling plays a critical role in the information system design process and usually involves domain experts and knowledge engineers who brainstorm together to identify the required knowledge to build an information system. The conceptual modelling process starts with the collection of necessary information from the domain experts by the knowledge engineers. Afterwards, the knowledge engineers use traditional model driven engineering techniques to design the system based on the collected information. Natural language–based conceptual modelling frameworks or systems are used to help domain experts and knowledge engineers in eliciting requirements and building conceptual models from a natural language text. In this article, we discuss the state of the art of some recent conceptual modelling frameworks that are based on natural language. We take a closer look at how these frameworks are built, in particular at the underlying motivation, architecture, types of natural language used (e.g., restricted vs. unrestricted), types of the conceptual model generated, verification support of the requirements specifications as well as the conceptual models, and underlying knowledge representation formalism. We also discuss some future research opportunities that these frameworks offer.
What-is and How-to for Fairness in Machine Learning: A Survey, Reflection, and Perspective
Authors: Tang Zeyu , Zhang Jiji , Zhang Kun
Published: May 2023

We review and reflect on fairness notions proposed in machine learning literature and make an attempt to draw connections to arguments in moral and political philosophy, especially theories of justice. We survey dynamic fairness inquiries and further consider the long-term impact induced by current prediction and decision. We present a flowchart that encompasses implicit assumptions and expected outcomes of different fairness inquiries on the data-generating process, the predicted outcome, and the induced impact, respectively. We demonstrate the importance of matching the mission (what kind of fairness to enforce) and the means (which appropriate fairness spectrum to analyze) to fulfill the intended purpose.
Investigation of the Effect of Tool Temperature on Microstructure, Hardness, and Wear Behaviour of Aluminium 6061-T6 Alloy Welded by the Friction Stir Welding Process
Authors: Pita Mothibeli
Published: May 2023

The friction stir welding (FSW) tool is a critical component to the success of the welding process. The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of tool temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the aluminium alloy during the friction stir welding process. The welding experiment was conducted at a tool rotational speed of 550 rpm, and tool temperature was measured with the increment of a 60 mm distance. Three different tool temperatures were obtained, and samples were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ASTM E384 standard was followed when conducting the Vickers hardness test, and material wear behaviour was tested using the ASTM G99 tribology testing standard. The results show that the tool temperature increases with distance during the FSW process (40.5, 46, and 54°C). A high tool temperature produces the weld butt with high mechanical properties (87.5 HV). The wear rate is low at a high tool temperature (

1.169
E
−
006

 mm3/N/m).
Comparative Study of Ba, Cs, K, and Li as Promoters for Ru/La2Ce2O7-Based Catalyst for Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Vieri Hizkia Manuel , Badakhsh Arash , Choi Sun Hee
Published: May 2023

Ammonia is one of the promising carriers for hydrogen and a critical ingredient in many industries including fertilizers and pharmaceuticals. In the KAAP process, ruthenium- (Ru-) based catalysts showed 10-20 more activity compared with iron- (Fe-) based catalysts. The modifications that are applied to Ru-based catalysts revolve around changing the material of its support and/or promoters. This study compares the performance of a Ru-based catalyst for ammonia synthesis supported by La2Ce2O7 using barium (Ba), cesium (Cs), potassium (K), and lithium (Li) as promoters. Based on structural, physicochemical, adsorption, and electronic state analysis, the Cs-promoted catalyst is expected to perform best among all the promoted catalysts, while our findings suggest that the K-promoted catalyst performed the best in the actual catalytic reaction. This result will affect the development of Ru/La2Ce2O7-based catalysts, especially in ammonia synthesis at different temperatures and pressures.
Phenolic Profile, Sugar Composition, and Antioxidant Capacities of Some Common Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Cultivars as a Potential Nutraceutical and Functional Food Ingredients
Authors: Bettaieb Imen , Kilani Ahlem , Ben Othman Khadija , Benabderrahim Mohamed Ali , Elfalleh Walid
Published: May 2023

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), a strategic oasian species in most Mediterranean regions, is often known by the commercialized Deglet Nour variety. However, many other common varieties that might have high importance are neglected. The current study aims to evaluate the nutraceutical and functional properties of six common date palm cultivars, collected from three Tunisian oasian regions. The biochemical composition and antioxidant potential of these date cultivars were investigated. Total polyphenols (TPP), total flavonoids (TF), and condensed tannins (CT) contents varied significantly between varieties. In particular, the Ftimi cultivar had the highest amounts of TPP, TF, and CT (204.04 ± 12.85 mg·GAE/100 g·FW, 117.35 ± 7.49 mg·RE/100 g·FW, and 147.93 ± 7.65 mg·CTE/100 g·FW, respectively). Similarly, this cultivar exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with 131.59 ± 11.54 mg·TE/100 g·FW and 106.57 ± 2.33 mg·TE/100 g·FW, respectively, for DPPH and ABTS+ assays. Contrary to the Deglet Nour variety, the six common dates contain a high amount of fructose and glucose (reducing sugars) and a low content of sucrose. LC-ESI-MS analysis showed that “Kenta” had the highest number of polyphenolic compounds (19 compounds) followed by “Ftimi” with 18 compounds, whereas “Deglet Nour” has only 15. Six major compounds (quinic acid, epicatechin, rutin, hyperoside, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, and kaempferol) were omnipresent. These findings highlight the high potential of neglected date palm varieties and confirm their richness with nutraceuticals and natural antioxidants.
Stability-Enhanced Ternary Solid Dispersions of Glyburide: Effect of Preparation Method on Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Barghi Leila , Vekalati Afshin , Jahangiri Azin
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Limited aqueous solubility and subsequent poor absorption and low bioavailability are the main challenges in oral drug delivery. Solid dispersion is a widely used formulation strategy to overcome this problem. Despite their efficiency, drug crystallization tendency and poor physical stability limited their commercial use. To overcome this defect, ternary solid dispersions of glyburide: sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG), were developed using the fusion (F) and solvent evaporation (SE) techniques and subsequently evaluated and compared. Materials and Methods. Physicochemical and dissolution properties of the prepared ternary solid dispersions were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dissolution test. Flow properties were also assessed using Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio. The physical stability of the formulations was evaluated initially and after 12 months by comparing dissolution properties. Results. Formulations prepared by both methods similarly showed significant improvements in dissolution efficiency and mean dissolution time compared to the pure drug. However, formulations that were prepared by SE showed a greater dissolution rate during the initial phase of dissolution. Also, after a 12-month follow-up, no significant change was observed in the mentioned parameters. The results of the infrared spectroscopy indicated that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and the polymer. The absence of endotherms related to the pure drug from thermograms of the prepared formulations could be indicative of reduced crystallinity or the gradual dissolving of the drug in the molten polymer. Moreover, formulations prepared by the SE technique revealed superior flowability and compressibility in comparison with the pure drug and physical mixture (ANOVA,

P
 
<
 
0.05

). Conclusion. Efficient ternary solid dispersions of glyburide were successfully prepared by F and SE methods. Solid dispersions prepared by SE, in addition to increasing the dissolution properties and the possibility of improving the bioavailability of the drug, showed acceptable long-term physical stability with remarkably improved flowability and compressibility features.
A Half-Cycle Negative-Stiffness Damping Model and Device Development
Authors: Sun Tianwei , Peng Lingyun , Ji Xiaodong , Li Xiaojun
Published: May 2023

This paper proposes a novel damping model with negative stiffness known as the half-cycle negative-stiffness damping model. Analysis of a single degree of freedom (SDOF) system demonstrated that the half-cycle negative-stiffness damping model has negative stiffness and energy dissipation. The equivalent negative stiffness of the model was derived from the frequency response analysis of the system. An alternating transmission system and a one-way friction system were developed to assemble a half-cycle negative-stiffness damping device (HCNSDD), which can generate a half-cycle negative-stiffness damping model. A mechanical model was developed to represent the force-displacement relationship of the proposed HCNSDD. A HCNSDD specimen was manufactured and examined using experimental tests. The HCNSDD exhibits half-cycle negative-stiffness damping and stable mechanical properties, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed HCNSDD. Finally, a finite element simulation approach for HCNSDD was presented, and the performance of seismic vibration control of HCNSDD was evaluated using a multidegree-of-freedom system.
Human Platelet-Rich Plasma Regulates Canine Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration through Aquaporins
Authors: Parascandolo Alessia , Di Tolla Michele Francesco , Liguoro Domenico , Lecce Manuela , Misso Saverio , Micieli Fabiana , Ambrosio Maria Rosaria , Cabaro Serena , Beguinot Francesco , Pelagalli Alessandra , D’Esposito Vittoria , Formisano Pietro
Published: May 2023

Platelet products are commonly used in regenerative medicine due to their effects on the acceleration and promotion of wound healing, reduction of bleeding, synthesis of new connective tissue, and revascularization. Furthermore, a novel approach for the treatment of damaged tissues, following trauma or other pathological damages, is represented by the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In dogs, both platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and MSCs have been suggested to be promising options for subacute skin wounds. However, the collection of canine PRP is not always feasible. In this study, we investigated the effect of human PRP (hPRP) on canine MSCs (cMSCs). We isolated cMSCs and observed that hPRP did not modify the expression levels of the primary class of major histocompatibility complex genes. However, hPRP was able to increase cMSC viability and migration by at least 1.5-fold. hPRP treatment enhanced both Aquaporin (AQP) 1 and AQP5 protein levels, and their inhibition by tetraethylammonium chloride led to a reduction of PRP-induced migration of cMSCs. In conclusion, we have provided evidence that hPRP supports cMSC survival and may promote cell migration, at least through AQP activation. Thus, hPRP may be useful in canine tissue regeneration and repair, placing as a promising tool for veterinary therapeutic approaches.
Surface Roughness Modeling of Material Extrusion PLA Flat Surfaces
Authors: Jakupi Kaltrine , Dukovski Vladimir , Hodolli Gezim
Published: May 2023

Complex forms may be easily created with additive manufacturing methods, but managing surface roughness remains a difficulty, even for flat surfaces, because surface quality is dependent on numerous parameters. This research investigates the effect of some printing factors on surface roughness in 3D printing methods. The purpose of this study is to quantify the most influential input printing factors on surface roughness in 3D printing processes. Polyacrylic acid thermoplastic was used to print workpieces, and mathematical models were generated using the regression method to analyze the relationship between process parameters and surface roughness. The exponential model fits the experimental data slightly better than the linear model. Only Ra-90 met all surface roughness classification requirements, while surface roughness measurements in the 0 and 45-degree directions did not meet the requirements and cannot be used to describe the surface roughness. The study highlights the importance of considering input printing parameters when optimizing surface roughness in 3D printing processes, providing valuable insights into the impact of process parameters on surface roughness.
Dynamics of Content Knowledge: Learned from Indonesian Arabic Teachers
Authors: Ulum Mohammad Samsul , Rohmana Wahyu Indah Mala , Elvira Melly
Published: May 2023

The dynamics of content knowledge among Indonesian Arabic teachers is a critical area of research due to the increasing demand for Arabic language education. This study aims to investigate the content knowledge of Arabic teachers in Teacher Professional Education Programs at UIN Malang, Indonesia. The research utilized factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis to explore the structure of the developed instrument measuring teachers’ content knowledge. The findings revealed that the reliability of the test items in the instrument was in the moderate category, with variations in difficulty levels between two test packages. The components of Nahwu and Shorof were found to have the strongest influence on Package 1, while Balaghah had the strongest effect on Package 2. The results of Rasch model analysis indicated three categories of proficiency levels among Arabic language teachers (low, moderate, and high), providing insights for developing more accurate assessment instruments and training programs. The limitations of the study include the focus on content knowledge only and the need for further analysis with relevant methods in future studies. The implications of this research contribute to the understanding of Arabic language teachers’ content knowledge dynamics and can inform the development of effective training programs and assessment instruments for Arabic language education.
Supplementary Table S3 from BRCA2 Germline Mutations Identify Gastric Cancers Responsive to PARP Inhibitors
Authors: Petrelli Annalisa , Rizzolio Sabrina , Pietrantonio Filippo , Bellomo Sara E. , Benelli Matteo , De Cecco Loris , Romagnoli Dario , Berrino Enrico , Orrù Claudia , Ribisi Salvatore , Moya-Rull Daniel , Migliore Cristina , Conticelli Daniela , Maina Irene M. , Puliga Elisabetta , Serra Violeta , Pellegrino Benedetta , Llop-Guevara Alba , Musolino Antonino , Siena Salvatore , Sartore-Bianchi Andrea , Prisciandaro Michele , Morano Federica , Antista Maria , Fumagalli Uberto , De Manzoni Giovanni , Degiuli Maurizio , Baiocchi Gian Luca , Amisano Marco F. , Ferrero Alessandro , Marchiò Caterina , Corso Simona , Giordano Silvia
Published: May 2023

LOF mutations and clinical characteristics of patients carrying HR gene variants
Supplementary Table S2 from BRCA2 Germline Mutations Identify Gastric Cancers Responsive to PARP Inhibitors
Authors: Petrelli Annalisa , Rizzolio Sabrina , Pietrantonio Filippo , Bellomo Sara E. , Benelli Matteo , De Cecco Loris , Romagnoli Dario , Berrino Enrico , Orrù Claudia , Ribisi Salvatore , Moya-Rull Daniel , Migliore Cristina , Conticelli Daniela , Maina Irene M. , Puliga Elisabetta , Serra Violeta , Pellegrino Benedetta , Llop-Guevara Alba , Musolino Antonino , Siena Salvatore , Sartore-Bianchi Andrea , Prisciandaro Michele , Morano Federica , Antista Maria , Fumagalli Uberto , De Manzoni Giovanni , Degiuli Maurizio , Baiocchi Gian Luca , Amisano Marco F. , Ferrero Alessandro , Marchiò Caterina , Corso Simona , Giordano Silvia
Published: May 2023

Molecular, histological and pathological features of the 57 metastatic gastric cancer patients included in the retrospective analysis
Data from Single-Cell Spatial Analysis Identifies Regulators of Brain Tumor–Initiating Cells
Authors: Mirzaei Reza , D'Mello Charlotte , Liu Marina , Nikolic Ana , Kumar Mehul , Visser Frank , Bose Pinaki , Gallo Marco , Yong V. Wee
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are aggressive brain tumors with extensive intratumoral heterogeneity that contributes to treatment resistance. Spatial characterization of GBMs could provide insights into the role of the brain tumor microenvironment in regulating intratumoral heterogeneity. Here, we performed spatial transcriptomic and single-cell analyses of the mouse and human GBM microenvironment to dissect the impact of distinct anatomical regions of brains on GBM. In a syngeneic GBM mouse model, spatial transcriptomics revealed that numerous extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, including biglycan, were elevated in areas infiltrated with brain tumor–initiating cells (BTIC). Single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing showed that ECM molecules were differentially expressed by GBM cells based on their differentiation and cellular programming phenotypes. Exogeneous biglycan or overexpression of biglycan resulted in a higher proliferation rate of BTICs, which was associated mechanistically with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) binding and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biglycan-overexpressing BTICs developed into larger tumors and displayed mesenchymal phenotypes when implanted intracranially in mice. This study points to the spatial heterogeneity of ECM molecules in GBM and suggests that the biglycan–LRP6 axis could be a therapeutic target to curb tumor growth.
Significance:
Characterization of the spatial heterogeneity of glioblastoma identifies regulators of brain tumor–initiating cells and tumor growth that could serve as candidates for therapeutic interventions to improve the prognosis of patients.
Associations of Race and Ethnicity with Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Decompensation, and Mortality in US Veterans with Cirrhosis
Authors: VoPham Trang , Cravero Anne , Feld Lauren D. , Green Pamela , Feng Ziding , Berry Kristin , Kim Nicole J. , Vutien Philip , Mendoza Jason A. , Ioannou George N.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Among patients with cirrhosis, it remains unclear whether there are racial/ethnic differences in cirrhosis complications and mortality. We examined the associations between race/ethnicity and risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cirrhosis decompensation, and all-cause mortality overall and by cirrhosis etiology.

Methods:

US Veterans diagnosed with cirrhosis from 2001 to 2014 (n = 120,992), due to hepatitis C virus (HCV; n = 55,814), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD; n = 36,323), hepatitis B virus (HBV; n = 1,972), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; n = 17,789), or other (n = 9,094), were followed through 2020 for incident HCC (n = 10,242), cirrhosis decompensation (n = 27,887), and mortality (n = 81,441). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:

Compared with non-Hispanic White patients, Hispanic patients had higher risk for HCC overall (aHR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.24–1.41) and by cirrhosis etiology, particularly for ALD- (aHR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.42–1.87) and NAFLD-cirrhosis (aHR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.41–2.20), whereas non-Hispanic Black patients had lower HCC risk in ALD- (aHR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63–0.98) and NAFLD-cirrhosis (aHR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.33–0.89). Asian patients had higher HCC risk (aHR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.29–2.23), driven by HCV- and HBV-cirrhosis. Non-Hispanic Black patients had lower risk for cirrhosis decompensation overall (aHR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.68–0.74) and by cirrhosis etiology. There was lower risk for mortality among all other racial/ethnic groups compared with non-Hispanic White patients.

Conclusions:

Race/ethnicity is an important predictor for risk of developing HCC, decompensation, and mortality.

Impact:

Future research should examine factors underlying these racial/ethnic differences to inform prevention, screening, and treatment for patients with cirrhosis.
Figure S8 from Treatment of Prostate Cancer with CD46-targeted 225Ac Alpha Particle Radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Bidkar Anil P. , Wang Sinan , Bobba Kondapa Naidu , Chan Emily , Bidlingmaier Scott , Egusa Emily A. , Peter Robin , Ali Umama , Meher Niranjan , Wadhwa Anju , Dhrona Suchi , Dasari Chandrashekhar , Beckford-Vera Denis , Su Yang , Tang Ryan , Zhang Li , He Jiang , Wilson David M. , Aggarwal Rahul , VanBrocklin Henry F. , Seo Youngho , Chou Jonathan , Liu Bin , Flavell Robert R.
Published: May 2023

Figure S8: Acute toxicity study of the [225Ac]DOTA-YS5 in nude mice (n=5). A The body weights of mice injected with [225Ac]DOTA-YS5 showed no significant change in treatment groups over the 15 days study period. B&C: Liver and kidney function tests (B) and blood parameters (C) show no significant changes for saline vs. treated groups indicating the short-term safety of [225Ac]DOTA-YS5.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Duvelisib Eliminates CLL B Cells, Impairs CLL-Supporting Cells, and Overcomes Ibrutinib Resistance in a Xenograft Model
Authors: Chen Shih-Shih , Barrientos Jacqueline C. , Ferrer Gerardo , King-Richards Morgan , Chen Yu-Ju , Ravichandran Priyadarshini , Ibrahim Michael , Kieso Yasmine , Waters Sheila , Kutok Jeffery L. , Peluso Marisa , Sharma Sujata , Weaver David T. , Pachter Jonathan A. , Rai Kanti R. , Chiorazzi Nicholas
Published: May 2023

Distinct actions of PI3K-δ and PI3K-γ on mouse cytokines in PDX model of U-CLL and M-CLL patients.
Table S1-7 from Immunologic Predictors for Clinical Responses during Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Lee Sung-Eun , Wang Feng , Grefe Maison , Trujillo-Ocampo Abel , Ruiz-Vasquez Wilfredo , Takahashi Koichi , Abbas Hussein A. , Borges Pamella , Antunes Dinler Amaral , Al-Atrash Gheath , Daver Naval , Molldrem Jeffrey J. , Futreal Andrew , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Im Jin S.
Published: May 2023

Table S1. Baseline characteristics of patients Table S2-S7. The 40 most statistically significant differential expression results