bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ruptured Peripheral Cerebral Aneurysms Associated With Moyamoya Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Feng Zheng , Chang Yongquan , Fu Chao
Published: October 2024

Background and Purpose A ruptured peripheral cerebral aneurysm (PPCA) associated with moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition with controversial management strategies. We aim to summarize the clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and prognostic factors of PPCAs in MMD.Methods We reviewed studies published in PubMed between 1980 and 2023 and used logistic regression analysis to identify the risk factors for adverse outcomes.Results Of 425 identified studies, 48 eligible studies involving 121 participants were included in the current study. The mean age at diagnosis was 40.8±15.1 years, with a peak age of onset between 41 and 50 years. Among the identified participants, 59.6% were female, and 55.9% presented with impaired consciousness. Aneurysms were present in the posterior (35.5%) or anterior (30.6%) choroidal arteries in 66.1% of the cases, and 71.1% of the patients presented with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) with or without intracerebral hematoma (ICH). The treatment strategies were embolization (28.9%), direct surgery (21.5%), revascularization (22.3%), and conservation (27.3%). Favorable outcomes were achieved in 86.8% of all cases, with 97.1% for embolization, 65.4% for direct surgery, 96.3% for revascularization, and 84.8% for conservative treatment. Aneurysm rebleeding occurred in 11 (26.8%) of 41 patients managed conservatively, leading to worse outcomes in 7 patients (63.6%). Impaired consciousness (odds ratio [OR], 8.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.06–36.00) and aneurysm rebleeding (OR, 16.54; 95% CI, 3.08–88.90) independently predicted poor outcomes.Conclusion PPCA should be considered in patients with hemorrhagic MMD, particularly those with IVH with or without ICH. Endovascular and bypass treatments are recommended as first-line options, with direct open surgery as an alternative in urgent hematoma evacuation cases. Detailed preoperative planning and intraoperative technical assistance are necessary to reduce procedure-related complications. Conservative management should be selected with caution because of the high risk of rebleeding and poor outcomes. Impaired consciousness and aneurysm rebleeding appeared to be independent risk factors for adverse prognoses. We emphasize that treatment selection should be personalized, and the potential benefits should be weighed against the associated risks.
Patent Foramen Ovale and Other Cardiopathies as Causes of Embolic Stroke With Unknown Source
Authors: Kim Jong S.
Published: October 2024

In patients with stroke caused by cardiac embolism, the responsible heart diseases include atrial fibrillation, acute myocardial infarction, sick sinus syndrome, valvular disease, and significant heart failure. When there is no clear source of the embolism, the condition is referred to as “embolic stroke with unknown source (ESUS).” Recent studies have shown that the most common cause of ESUS is a right-to-left cardiac shunt through a patent foramen ovale (PFO). However, considering that PFOs are found in up to 25% of the general population, their presence does not necessarily indicate causality. In patients with ESUS associated with a PFO, either anticoagulants or antiplatelets are used for the prevention of future strokes or transient ischemic attacks. However, it currently remains unclear which treatment is superior. Nevertheless, recent randomized clinical trials have shown that percutaneous closure of the PFO more effectively reduces the incidence of recurrent strokes compared to medical therapy alone in patients with PFO-related strokes. This benefit is especially significant when the PFO carries high-risk features, such as a large shunt or the presence of an atrial septal aneurysm. Furthermore, the effectiveness of PFO closure has been well documented in young patients (<60 years) with a high-risk PFO development. In other cases, the therapeutic decision should be made through discussion among neurologists, cardiologists, and patients. Notably, in ESUS patients without a PFO, the underlying heart condition itself may be the source of embolism, with left atrial enlargement being the most important factor. Theoretically, anticoagulants such as non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) would be an effective therapy in these cases. However, recent trials have failed to show that NOACs are superior to antiplatelets in preventing further strokes in these patients. This may be due to the still uncertain definition of emboligenic cardiopathy and the presence of other potential embolic sources, such as mild but emboligenic arterial diseases. Overall, further research is needed to elucidate the source of embolism and to determine an effective management strategy for patients with ESUS.
Oral Immunotherapy
Authors: Mack Douglas P.
Published: October 2024

Food allergy affects approximately 7% of the Canadian population and is a lifelong diagnosis for many patients. While fatal anaphylaxis is rare, accidental exposures are common, with many accidental reactions being moderate- to-severe. The fear of severe or fatal anaphylaxis is of major concern and food allergy represents a significant burden on the life of food-allergic families. Until recently, the standard of care for food allergy management in North America included avoidance of the allergenic food and epinephrine autoinjector carriage. However, additional proactive therapeutic options are becoming increasingly more commonplace. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been investigated through real worl evidence and in phase II and III clinical trials. Canadian experience with OIT is increasing with the publication of guidelines to support this clinical activity. OIT is an elective, non-curative procedure which carries a risk of allergic reaction. Comprehensive and effective education for families to ensure informed consent is essential as part of the shared decision making (SDM) process and is key to successful OIT implementation.
Antihistamines in CSU: Practice Points
Authors: Barnard Werner
Published: October 2024

Urticaria is a mast cell mediated condition characterized by transient, raised, pruritic wheals on an erythematous background, with each individual lesion resolving within 24-48 hours without bruising or scarring. Angioedema (AE) is localized subcutaneous swelling which may occur with urticaria, or independently. Urticaria is classified as acute or chronic depending on the duration. Chronic urticaria is further subdivided into inducible or chronic spontaneous. The focus of this article will be chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), which is characterized by wheals and/or swelling occurring spontaneously on most days of the week for 6 weeks or more . The prevalence of chronic urticaria has been estimated to be 0.5–5%. Chronic urticaria is more common in adults, with a peak age of onset between 20 and 40 years, affecting women more frequently than men. In CSU, an external trigger cannot usually be identified.
Treatment of Anaphylaxis and Modifications During Covid-19
Authors: Abrams Elissa
Published: October 2024

Anaphylaxis is defined as a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and is potentially life-threatening. The lifetime prevalence of anaphylaxis is between 1.6 to 5.1% with the largest number of incident cases among children and adolescents. Most episodes of anaphylaxis are immunoglobulin- E (IgE) mediated with foods, medications and stinging insects being the most common triggers.6 While various definitions of anaphylaxis exist, 2,7–9 most rely on two body systems being affected, with some combination of cutaneous, respiratory, gastrointestinal and/or cardiac symptoms. Cutaneous symptoms are by far the most common, reported in over 80% of anaphylaxis, followed by respiratory then gastrointestinal involvement.
Insect Sting Hypersensitivity
Authors: Cisneros Nestor
Published: October 2024

As spring and summer approach and people look to spend more time engaged in outdoor activities, it is timely that we discuss insect sting hypersensitivity. Patients with previous allergic reactions to insect stings are especially nervous. Most importantly, patients with mast cell disorder are at risk of future life-threatening reactions from insect stings. It is critical that clinicians are able to provide information about available treatment options. This review will discuss the approach to the diagnosis and treatment of insect sting hypersensitivity.
An Update on Select Topics in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps
Authors: Sommer Doron D. , McHugh Tobial
Published: October 2024

Chronic rhinosinusitis affects approximately 5-15% of the population and has an economic burden estimated to be between $22 – $64.5 billion US dollars per year. The condition causes significant reductions in quality of life, productivity and emotional wellbeing for patients. Furthermore it is a top ten leading cause of employee absenteeism.
Medical Management of Nasal Polyps
Authors: Qureshy Kaiser
Published: October 2024

Rhinosinusitis is characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disease of unclear origin which is typically marked by eosinophilic, neutrophilic and/or lymphocytic cell infiltration, as well as T helper (Th) cell and type 2 cytokine upregulation (TSLP, IL-25, IL-33, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13). CRS typically presents as either CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) as noted previously. Unlike CRSsNP, CRSwNP involves the presence of recurring edema-filled nasal polyps and a significant inflammatory cell infiltrate. Biochemically, CRSwNP has a type 2 inflammatory profile mediated by T-helper 2 cells (Th2) while CRSsNP has a type 1 inflammatory profile predominantly mediated by T-helper 1 cells (Th1).
The Medical Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Sherlock Mary
Published: October 2024

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) was first recognised as a unique condition in the early 1990s. It was described by Alex Straumannwho identified 10 children with resistant ‘gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms’ with typical endoscopic features and esophageal eosinophilia who achieved resolution of symptoms and esophageal eosinophilia with an elemental formula. While once a rare condition, EoE is being increasingly diagnosed worldwide, with an incidence rate estimated to be 5 to 10 per 100,000. While widely recognised as being a Th-2 inflammatory disorder, predominantly triggered by food allergens, there is a growing body of literature supporting the role of aeroallergens in the condition. Management of the condition involves close collaboration amongst gastroenterology and allergy specialists. At least half of affected patients will have other allergic disorders including allergic rhinitis, asthma, eczema and some will also have IgE-mediated food allergies. Workup and management of aeroallergen sensitivities is important as swallowed aeroallergens may be a contributing factor to eosinophilic esophagitis, with many patients noting a seasonal exacerbation in their symptoms.
Allergen Immunotherapy for the Control of Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis
Authors: Pratt Rebecca
Published: October 2024

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has been available for over 100 years as a unique method of treating various allergic conditions, most efficaciously allergic rhinitis/ rhinoconjunctivitis, allergic asthma and venom allergy. First developed by Noon et al in 1911, this therapy is an attractive option for patients suffering from these chronic conditions due to its potential for disease-modification. As opposed to avoidance measures and other pharmacotherapies, patients on immunotherapy can, in some cases, achieve long-term benefits after 3–5 years of treatment due to the induction of allergen tolerance. This article will focus primarily on patients with allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis.
Novel Topical Intranasal Therapies in the Management of Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Janjua Arif , Okhovat Saleh
Published: October 2024

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one the most common immunologic conditions affecting adults. Its prevalence has increased over the last few decades and varies between 10-40% depending on geographical location, with up to 25% of Canadians being affected. It is defined as an IgE-mediated inflammatory process affecting the nasal mucosa in a previously sensitised individual.2 When an atopic patient is exposed to an allergen, the patient develops specific IgE antibodies which become bound to mast cells. Re-exposure to this allergen results in two distinct phases of inflammation: an early phase occurring within minutes, due to mast cell degranulation which causes nasal itching, congestion and discharge; and a late phase occurring after several hours, due to eosinophil activation resulting in increased mucous production, nasal blockage and hyposmia.
Component-Driven Oral Food Challenges in the Community
Authors: Wang Julie , Zhang Shouling
Published: October 2024

The diagnosis of immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy is based on the clinical evaluation of a patient’s history, physical examination, and specific test results.These tests may include skin prick testing, serum IgE testing, and/or oral food challenge (OFC). Component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) targeting specific allergenic proteins in a food has the potential for improved diagnostic accuracy compared to serum IgE testing to whole allergens. An overview of the clinical considerations of how and when to proceed with an OFC will be outlined in this review, with special consideration given to the utility of component testing in making this determination.
A dermatologist’s approach to patch testing: indications, pitfalls and benefits
Authors: Veillet-Lemay Gabrielle , Pratt Melanie
Published: October 2024

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a T-cell mediated delayed type IV hypersensitivity reaction that occurs after topical or systemic exposure to an allergen. Patch testing is the gold standard in diagnosing ACD. Acquiring a detailed history from the patient including their medical history, occupational history, hobbies, topical and oral exposures, and site(s) of involvement while having knowledge of the common allergens allows the clinician to create a targeted and personalized approach thus increasing the diagnostic yield of patch testing for each patient.
Understanding, Preventing and Managing Food Allergy in Preschool Children
Authors: Paina Mihaela
Published: October 2024

This 3-part series will discuss food allergy prevention in preschool children through early nutrition and eczema management. In Part 1, the prevalence of food allergy along with factors contributing to its rise and its impact on quality of life are presented. Part 2 in this series will examine the topic of food allergy prevention through early infant nutrition and early management of eczema. Finally, in Part 3, we will focus on adverse food reactions in children, symptoms of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy in preschool children, food-specific IgE testing and management of food allergy.
Hypereosinophilia: A Guideline for Workup in the Allergy Community
Authors: O'Connell Joshua , Trus Michael
Published: October 2024

Determining the etiology of eosinophilia, defined as an absolute eosinophil count (AEC) greater than 500 cells/µL, is often difficult given the many potential causes spanning several medical specialties. The diagnosis becomes more urgent in the case of hypereosinophilia (≥1,500 cells/µL) due to concerns over potential end organ damage. The goal of this review is to educate physicians about the biology, etiologies, and workup of hypereosinophilia.
An Overview of Cannabis Allergy
Authors: Wong Dennis , Sussman Gordon
Published: October 2024

Cannabis refers to a genus of annual, herbaceous, dioecious flowering plants that are members of the family Cannabaceae, which include about 102 plant species.Although there is much debate, the most common taxonomy is that the genus Cannabis comprises one species, Cannabis sativa L (C. sativa)., which includes the highly polymorphic subspecies sativa, and indica. Hemp and cannabis both refer to the same species C. sativa; however, there is important distinction between the two. Whereas hemp (fiber-type) is grown for its cellulose-rich fiber in the stem, cannabis (drug-type) is cultivated for its flowers where the glandular trichomes produce the psychoactive delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). THC provides the analgesic and relaxing effects of cannabis, whereas CBD produces other effects such as antiemetic and soporific properties. Researchers have used the THC content to define C. sativa subspecies sativa as containing less than 0.3% THC in dried flowering tops of female plants and C. sativa subspecies indicaas containing ≥0.3% THC.This threshold has been used by regulatory bodies to legally differentiate hemp plants (<0.3% THC) and cannabis plants (≥0.3% THC). Canada legalized the production, distribution, sale and non-medical use of cannabis for adults in October 2018. Recent data from nation-wide surveys show that approximately 6.2 million people aged 15 or older, or 20% in this age group, reported using cannabis in the past 3 months. which represents an increase from 14% before legalization. Cannabis can be used and/or ingested in a variety of forms including capsules, oils, dried flower, vaporization and through the consumption of edibles. With the increased use of recreational cannabis in Canada, it is expected that there will be a concomitant increase in cases of cannabis hypersensitivity.
Atopic Dermatitis and Canadian Indigenous Peoples: Burdens, Barriers, and Potential for Solutions
Authors: Asiniwasis Rachel N. , Chu Derek K.
Published: October 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease worldwide. AD begins before age five in 90% of cases and is associated with the development of comorbid conditions such as infections, environmental allergies, food allergies, asthma, anxiety/depression, and abnormalities in sleep, growth, and development. While personal experience suggests that Canadian Indigenous peoples, including children and youth, are facing burdens associated with AD, formal research studies addressing the impact of AD and skin disease in general on Canadian Indigenous peoples are lacking. Canadian Indigenous* account for approximately 5% of the Canadian population. Although Canadian Indigenous vary widely in geography, culture, language, and beliefs, they face common health disparities embedded in complex historical and social contexts related to factors such as colonization, intergenerational trauma from residential schools and institutionalization, racial segregation in the form of reservations, systemic racism, and being subjected to policies such as the ‘Indian Act’. This article reviews the burdens and barriers of AD in Canadian Indigenous by examining the literature, experiences of health care practitioners (HCPs), and media reports followed by proposing potential solutions to address such disparities.
Future of Allergic Rhinitis Management
Authors: Ellis Anne K. , Linton Sophia
Published: October 2024

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory condition affecting the nasal mucosa mediated byimmunoglobulin-E (IgE). It impacts an estimated 25% of Canadians, of whom most report inadequatesymptom control despite treatment as well as highrates of asthma comorbidity. First line pharmacologic options include non-sedating, 2nd generation oral H1-antihistamine (OAH) and/or intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) therapeutic agents. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a possible treatment option for moderate-to-severe disease which is uncontrolled with the use of first-line therapies or for those patients wishing to avoid pharmacologic intervention. However, patient education, engagement, and empowerment are central to optimal clinica outcomes. This supplement summarizes the literature to present the future of AR management.
The Evidence and Clinical Rationale for the Use of JAK Inhibitors in the Management of AD
Authors: Lacuesta Gina , Lee Jason K.
Published: October 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases affecting 1 in 5 children and 1 in 10–20 adults. AD is characterized by clinical symptoms and signs of erythema, edema, excoriation, lichenification, xerosis, and in pediatric populations, oozing and weeping is more prevalent. Intense itch associated with AD can negatively impact sleep and quality of life. The consequences of sleep disturbance and fatigue may be underdiagnosed in this population. Atopic dermatitis has been associated with medical comorbidities that fall within type 2 inflammatory conditions (e.g., such as asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and food allergies) as well as non-type-2 inflammatory conditions such as cardiometabolic disease, infections (both cutaneous and non-cutaneous), anxiety/depression, and autoimmune conditions such impetigo and alopecia aerata. AD has the strongest impairment of life expectancy outside of malignancy when it comes to dermatologic disease. While topical therapies such as topical corticosteroids (TCS), topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCI), and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors are effective treatments for most patients with mild-to- moderate AD, more than 90% of those suffering from moderate-to-severe AD report significant unmet need along with the use of multiple therapeutic options, including off-label systemic medications which do not offer symptom control.  Patients with refractory disease commonly receive acute courses oral corticosteroids, if not chronic treatment with systemic therapies, either off-label immunosuppressive agents e.g., methotrexate) or the immunomodulator dupilumab (a monoclonal antibody) targeting components of the inflammatory signature characterizing moderate-to-severe AD. In this paper we review and summarize the role and clinical application of an emerging class of systemic targeted therapy, namely the oral Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) in  the treatment and management of moderate-to-severe AD.
Food Allergy and Pediatric Nutrition: Understanding Replacement Needs for the Community Allergist
Authors: Freeman Rachel
Published: October 2024

Food allergies are reported to affect between 7% and 10% of children in the developed world. Most children develop food allergies within the first 2 years of life, which is a crucial period of growthand development. Currently, no cure exists for food allergies; traditionally they are managed by avoiding the ingestion of the allergen to which a child is allergic. Additional emerging therapies include desensitization and/or inducing tolerance to the allergens. Eight foods account for more than 90% of food allergies: milk, soy, wheat, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and shellfish. The elimination of any of the nutrient-dense foods from the diet without adequate substitution may result in poor nutrient intake and impaired growth in children.
An Allergist's Approach to Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Dhir Arun , Chan Edmond S.
Published: October 2024

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the esophagus that produces a range of symptoms in both adults and children, from acid reflux to food bolus impaction. The diagnosis is confirmed by endoscopic biopsies showing 15 or more eosinophils per high-power field. The pathophysiology of EoE is believed to be either immune-mediated or antigen-mediated, ultimately resulting in a T helper 2 (T H2) immune response, eosinophilic inflammation, barrier dysfunction, and tissue remodelling.
Since its recognition, EoE has been fundamentally linked to atopy, with early case reports drawing attention to this relationship. Patients with EoE tend to be highly atopic, demonstrating a higher incidence of allergic rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis compared to healthy controls. There is also a high prevalence of IgE-mediated food allergies among these patients. A U.S.-based cross-sectional study reported that 32.4% of children and 37.3% of adults with EoE had an IgE-mediated food allergy to at least one food. More recent research has shown that 87% of a cohort of 92 EoE patients had comorbid atopic conditions. A review of 1,218 patients with EoE found that these patients have a 67-fold increased risk of anaphylaxis compared to that of the general population. With this in mind, allergists play a key role in controlling esophageal inflammation and addressing atopic comorbidities.
Understanding and Managing Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy in Pediatric Otolaryngology
Authors: Zagury-Orly Ivry , MacLean Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) is a common pediatric condition marked by the growth of lymphoid tissues within the Waldeyer’s ring, which includes adenoids, palatine tonsils, and lingual tonsils. These tissues surround the upper airway and food passage, and play an immunological role, enlarging until about age 12, before gradually reducing during adolescence and adulthood.
Untreated or poorly managed ATH can severely impact multiple health aspects of children. It is the primary cause of upper airway obstruction and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome in children, which disrupts sleep and can severely impair cognitive development, school performance and behaviour. Chronic mouth breathing from ATH can alter dental arches and facial growth, known as adenoid facies. More severe outcomes include increased pulmonary pressures and the potential development of pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale due to chronic hypoxia and CO2 retention.
As a result, tonsillectomy, with or without adenoidectomy (T&A), has become one of the most frequently performed surgeries in North America, with over 530,000 operations performed annually on children under age 15. This paper discusses the significant impact of ATH on pediatric health and the frequent need for surgical intervention. It covers the immunophysiology, influence of atopy, community-based assessments prior to specialist referrals, and an overview of available medical and surgical treatment options. Additionally, it outlines general indications for referring patients to otolaryngology.
Shifting Paradigms in the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Clarke Ann E. , Barber Megan R.W. , Barr Bryce , Cheema Kim , Li Icholas L.
Published: October 2024

For many years, therapeutic options for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been extremely limited. However, over the past decade, with the approval of new drugs and several promising phase II trials, treatment paradigms are gradually shifting toward multi‑targeted therapies for lupus nephritis (LN) and earlier usage of biologics in extra-renal lupus. Below, we will present three patient cases that illustrate how, through a multidisciplinary clinic environment, we have incorporated these shifting treatment paradigms into our delivery of care. Finally, we will conclude with a discussion of emerging therapies, which have the potential to further shift, and ultimately transform, treatment paradigms.
Exploring Newer Topical Therapies for Inflammatory Skin Diseases: A Guide for Rheumatologists
Authors: Gooderham Melinda
Published: October 2024

Understanding the pathogenesis of many inflammatory skin diseases and their associated signalling pathways has revealed multiple promising therapeutic targets. Given the chronic nature of many of these conditions, products with long-term safety and efficacy are desired. While topical corticosteroids have been the mainstay of topical therapies for years, they are burdened by concerns over long-term safety (i.e., atrophy, striae, telangiectasias), risk of absorption with systemic glucocorticoid side effects, and patient apprehension regarding steroid use. Similarly, topical calcipotriol and retinoids may be ineffective and can cause irritation. Although topical calcineurin inhibitors (i.e., pimecrolimus, tacrolimus) have been approved for atopic dermatitis, their off-label use for many inflammatory conditions may be limited by tolerability issues such as stinging and burning, and lack of effectiveness. The emergence of newer targeted small molecules for topical application, including topical phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors (PDE4i), topical Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi), and a therapeutic aryl hydrocarbon modulating agent (TAMA), offer promising new options and will be reviewed here and summarized in Table 1.
Observação e identificação de elementos naturais em ambientes escolares
Authors: Da Silva Albuquerque Dayse , Gasparetto Higuchi Maria Inês , Dos Santos Luniere Glenda , Medeiros de Azambuja Elali Gleice Virginia
Published: October 2024

A presença de elementos naturais em ambientes escolares tem se tornado cada vez mais escassa, especialmente nas grandes cidades. Esta é uma questão preocupante, dado que a natureza pode proporcionar ambiências pedagógicas voltadas para o bem-estar, cuidado ambiental e aprendizagem significativa dos estudantes. Diante disso, foram conduzidos mapeamentos para analisar a presença da natureza em escolas do ensino básico. A proposta incluiu croquis para visualização da distribuição dos elementos naturais na estrutura física da escola e a elaboração de uma fórmula matemática que calcula o nível de natureza nela disponível. Os procedimentos permitiram a construção de uma ferramenta de avaliação objetiva dos ambientes escolares e suas áreas verdes, possibilitando um diálogo mais efetivo com as escolas sobre o tema. Estas diretrizes destinam-se ao uso em pesquisas conduzidas por estudiosos da Psicologia Ambiental e áreas afins. Concluindo, esta proposta pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de indivíduos e escolas mais sustentáveis.
Agile Governance Public Information Management at the Communication, Informatics, and Statistics Service of Riau Province
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah , Tua Harapan , Mayarni Mayarni
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the implementation of agile governance in public information management at the Riau Province Communication, Informatics and Statistics Service (Diskominfotik). Agile governance is a governance approach that emphasizes flexibility, responsiveness, and rapid collaboration in providing public services. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with an explanatory approach. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and document studies analyzed using Nvivo 14 software. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of agile governance at Diskominfotik Riau is still faced with a number of obstacles, including limited knowledge and capacity of human resources (HR) in understanding the concept and a bureaucratic structure that does not fully support flexibility. In addition, performance evaluations that are not yet based on quick wins slow down the adaptation process. Nevertheless, Diskominfotik Riau has utilized various digital platforms to provide access to public information, although improvements need to be made in terms of responsiveness and timeliness of service. Recommendations from this study include increasing training for HR, implementing a more flexible governance model, and periodic evaluations based on short-term results. The implementation of agile governance is expected to improve the quality of public services and strengthen public trust in government transparency.
Role of Polyhouse Technology in Mitigating Climate Risks for Floriculture
Authors:   Government I College Kunda, U.S. Nagar, Kumar Manoj
Published: October 2024

Climate change poses significant challenges to agricultural productivity, particularly in sectors like floriculture that rely heavily on favorable environmental conditions. In this context, polyhouse technology emerges as a promising solution for mitigating climate risks faced by floriculture farmers. Polyhouses provide a controlled environment that shields crops from extreme weather events, temperature fluctuations, and excessive rainfall, thereby reducing the vulnerability of floriculture production to climate variability. This paper reviews the role of polyhouse technology in climate risk mitigation for floriculture farmers. It examines how polyhouses help in maintaining optimal growing conditions, including temperature, humidity, and light intensity, throughout the year. By regulating these environmental factors, polyhouses enable year-round cultivation of high-value flower crops, offering farmers a stable income stream despite external climate fluctuations. Furthermore, the study explores the economic and environmental benefits associated with polyhouse-based floriculture systems. It analyses the cost-effectiveness of polyhouse construction and operation, considering factors such as energy consumption, water usage, and crop yield. Additionally, the environmental sustainability of polyhouse technology, including its potential to reduce pesticide and fertilizer usage, is discussed. The paper also highlights the challenges and limitations of adopting polyhouse technology in floriculture farming, including initial investment costs, technical expertise requirements, and market access issues. Strategies for overcoming these barriers, such as government subsidies, capacity building programs, and market linkages, are proposed. The polyhouse technology can play a climate-resilient solution for floriculture farmers, offering opportunities for increased productivity, income stability, and environmental sustainability in the face of climate change.
Unleashing the Potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tools in Phytogeographical studies
Authors:   S D (P G) College Muzaffarnagar, U.P., Chauhan Nisha , Kumar Manoj ,   Govt. I. College, Kunda, U.S. Nagar, U.K.,
Published: October 2024

Phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants, is important for understanding ecosystem dynamics, biodiversity, and ecological processes. Over the past few years, advances in technology, especially artificial intelligence (AI), have revolutionized various scientific fields, including ecology and environmental science. In recent years, AI techniques have been increasingly applied in phytogeography, providing new opportunities to increase our understanding of plant distribution patterns and improve conservation efforts. The study of the role of artificial intelligence in phytogeography focuses on how AI techniques such as machine learning, remote sensing, and spatial analysis are being used to analyse large-scale plant distribution data. By leveraging AI, researchers can gain valuable insights from vast and complex datasets, identify patterns and predict future changes in plant distributions with greater accuracy. Furthermore, AI-driven approaches have the potential to address important challenges in phytogeography, such as species distribution modelling, habitat mapping, and biodiversity conservation. By integrating AI with traditional ecological methods, more effective strategies can be developed to manage and conserve plant species and their habitats. AI-driven phytogeography research, provides an overview of recent progress, discusses potential applications of AI techniques in ecological studies, and the opportunities and challenges associated with the use of AI in understanding and conserving plant biodiversity. Ultimately, the integration of AI with phytogeography has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of plant distributions and inform more sustainable conservation practices in the face of global environmental change.
Consequences of "The Pasjane affair" for the Serbian population of the Gnjilane region
Authors: Milošević Miroslav
Published: October 2024

In the summer of 1907, Serbian Chetniks clashed with the Turkish army and local Albanians near village Pasjane southeast of Gnjilane. After heavy fighting, the Serbian company was defeated and the Albanians started to take revenge on the Serbian population. The consequences for the Serbian population were disastrous: murders, robberies, kidnappings, rapes, forced emigrations and more. The Kingdom of Serbia, through the Serbian consulates in Priština and Skopje, tried to prevent further atrocities. The Turkish authorities did not show the will to calm the rebelling Albanians. They didn't arrest or punish the Albanians. The only success was the signing of the agreement (besa) as a guarantee that the Albanians would not attack the Serbs. However, the Albanians did not keep their word. In such an atmosphere of fear and violence, many Serbian families had to seek salvation by emigrating to Gnjilane or to the Kingdom of Serbia. The Serbian people in and around Gnjilane represented a compact environment. The aspiration of the Muslim population was to break up that environment as much as possible and the ethnic image to prevail in their favor.
Particulate air pollution in Central Serbia and some proposed measures for the restoration of degraded and disturbed mining areas
Authors: Mihalj Ivana , Šušak Stamenko , Palanački-Malešević Tamara , Važić Tamara , Jurca Tamara , Pavić Dragoslav , Simeunović Jelica , Vulin Aleksandra , Meriluoto Jussi , Svirčev Zorica
Published: October 2024

Mining causes soil degradation, particle emission, and air and water quality deterioration. This study estimates some health risks in districts of Central Serbia affected by surface mining activities, and proposes measures for land restoration. The epidemiological risk assessment was based on data for seven cancers and three cardiovascular diseases during 2010 - 2020. Results showed a statistically significant increase in the incidence of lung and bronchial cancer in critical districts. Borski district stood out with the highest incidence rates for cardiovascular diseases. The suspected role of particulate air pollution from the mining industry in health deterioration calls for intensified air quality monitoring and development of mitigation technologies. A restoration strategy called the Pan-Life-Carpet technology is proposed for the restoration of mining areas and for air and water pollution control.
The application of SCONET scale in the research of consumer ethnocentrism in Serbia
Authors: Gašević Dragana , Jovičić Dragoljub , Zdravković Stefan , Čakajac Božidar
Published: October 2024

The study investigates whether SCONET is a reliable and one-factor scale that can be applied to measure consumer ethnocentrism (CE) in the context of the Serbian market. Additionally, the study investigates whether there is a connection between CE measured by the SCONET scale and consumer intention to buy domestic products. The aim was to investigate the strength of the link between CE and consumer purchasing intentions, i.e. to find out whether the relationships between variables are in line with previous research that involved the application of the popular CETSCALE. The research is based on the works of the authors who point to the shortcomings of CETSCALE and emphasize the need to create a new measuring instrument that would be used to measure CE. The analysis was realized based on the responses of 182 respondents in the survey of consumers in Serbia. Data were collected from the respondents electronically during June 2021. Statistical analyzes that were applied to draw conclusions are exploratory factor analysis and simple regression analysis. In addition, the analysis involves the application of descriptive statistics. The results have showed that the SCONET scale is a reliable and one-factor measuring instrument and that CE, measured by this scale, shows a statistically significant impact on consumer intentions to buy domestic products. The paper expands existing research on CE based on the new SCONET scale and formulates practical guidelines for domestic producers and traders. In accordance with the results, it is possible to create adequate marketing strategies for different categories of consumers, depending on the degree of ethnocentric tendencies.
Conflict potential of the Wahabian communities in the Western Balkans area
Authors: Mijalković Saša , Baškalo Duško
Published: October 2024

The Western Balkans have historically confirmed predispositions for the development of radical Islamism, and in recent times, especially through Wahhabi communities and parajams. In this regard, the aim of the paper is to analyze the history of the spread of Wahhabism and radical Islam in the Western Balkans and the conditions that contributed to the creation of Wahhabi communities. Also, the goal is to determine how much of a security threat the Wahhabi communities pose to the Western Balkans and what are the goals of the radical Islamists who create and commit these communities. Ultimately, the goal is to identify/map potential conflict zones.
Effect of a crack on the nonlinear behavior of a stiffened composite panel
Authors: Beghdad Houda , Rahal Nacer , Souici Abdelaziz , Zatir Sara , Benmahdi Khaled , Aouad Halima
Published: October 2024

Introduction/purpose: During their lifetime, ships and aircraft are subjected to severe service and aerodynamic loads that can cause structural damage and cracking. These cracks grow and propagate over time. Extending the life of a damaged structure is a very important area of research. In this context, the repair of composite panels is recommended to restore the performance of cracked structures. Methods: In order to minimize the concentration of stresses at the bottom of a crack, to stop and even to delay the propagation of this crack, this study seeks to propose a two-dimensional analysis by the software ANSYS to predict the effect of the propagation of a possible crack on the nonlinear behavior of cracked stiffened composite panels. Results: The results from this analysis will be a very good reference for improving performance and repairing cracked composite panels using stiffeners. Conclusion: It is recommended to provide patches for repairing cracked panels based on the modeling given in this study.
On some fixed point results for expansive mappings in S-metric spaces
Authors: Fetouci Nora , Radenović Stojan
Published: October 2024

Introduction/purpose: The aim of this paper is to establish some existence results of a fixed point for a class of expansive mappings defined on a complete S-metric space. Methods: An iteration scheme was used. Results: Some existing results of mappings satisfying contractive conditions are expanded to expansive ones, providing a new condition expressed in one variable under which the existence of a fixed point holds. Conclusions: This work provides new tools to fixed point theory together with their applications.
Tensile examination of progressive damage and failure in porous ceramic composite materials using the XFEM
Authors: Metehri Aicha , Madani Kouider , Mechab Belaïd , Mokhtari Mohammed , Ghermaoui Ilias
Published: October 2024

Introduction/purpose: Porosity is a significant factor that causes voids to become trapped in materials during composite material fabrication. This study is dedicated to modelling fracture modes within highly stressed areas of an advanced SiC/Cf component at a macroscopic scale. Methods: The finite element method is used to analyze defects within composites, considering factors such as porosity size, shape, and tensile stress. The Monte Carlo method predicts the distribution function (F). Results: Three pores are distributed across the width of the material, which reduces the active cross-sectional area of the material and, consequently, leads to a significant reduction in strength. Overall, resistance tends to decrease, with a more noticeable drop. Conclusion: It is concluded how the form and the size affect the failure load, employing the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) to predict mode-I fracture behaviour. The porosity parameter significantly affects the durability of the structure. It is noted that the size of pores (ϕ) is a crucial component that affects the distribution function (F). The variability in this parameter substantially elevates the likelihood of plate failure and diminishes the longevity of a structure.
Fuzzy linear fractional programming problem using the lexicography method
Authors: Sivakumar Karthick , Appasamy Saraswathi , Seyyed Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Introduction/purpose: In solving real-life fractional programming problems, uncertainty and hesitation are often encountered due to various uncontrollable factors. To overcome these limitations, the fuzzy logic approach is applied to these problems. Methods: The discussion focused on solving the fuzzy linear fractional programming problem (FLFPP). First, the FLFP problem was converted into a lexicographic optimization problem, which was then solved to obtain the solution. Results: A numerical example was presented to simplify the explanation of the algorithm. While most researchers solve FLFPPs using the ranking function method, this approach reduces the efficiency of the fuzzy problem. Conclusion: This research contributes a comprehensive methodology for addressing fuzzy linear fractional programming problems using the lexicography method. The findings offer valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers grappling with optimization challenges in settings where imprecise information significantly influences the decision landscape.
Improvement of the operations planning process using a hybridized fuzzy-multi-criteria decision-making approach
Authors: Petrović Ivan , Milenković Milan
Published: October 2024

Introduction/purpose: The possibility of optimizing decision making in the operations planning process in air defence units by applying a multi-criteria decision-making approach in a fuzzy environment is shown in the paper. By analyzing the content of the available literature, the selection criteria were determined based on which it is possible to evaluate and compare the courses of action of air defence units. The criteria are based on the evaluation parameters of the courses of action from the decision matrix in the phase of the operations planning process called the courses of action validation and comparison. Methods: The proposed approach combines the Laboratory for Testing and Evaluation of Decision Making (DEMATEL) and the Compressed Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) which have been successfully modified by fuzzy triangular sets. The fuzzy-DEMATEL method was applied to determine the criteria's weights, and the fuzzy-COPRAS method was applied to evaluate the alternatives - courses of action. Results: Multiple fuzzy-multi-criteria decision-making methods were integrated into a unique model that can be applied in the operations planning process with the aim of optimizing the decision-making process. Conclusion: The paper contributes to military science in making decisions related to the operations planning process at the tactical level in air defence units.
Optimal solution for the single-beam bridge crane girder using the Moth-Flame algorithm
Authors: Pavlović Goran , Savković Mile , Zdravković Nebojša , Marković Goran , Mladenović Predrag
Published: October 2024

Introduction/purpose: The paper analyses and optimizes the welded I-girder of the single-beam bridge crane with a U-profile as the top flange. This solution is to provide a lighter carrying structure, so the main goal is to minimize the weight of the main girder, i.e., the cross-sectional area while fulfiling the requirements defined by national standards and geometric constraints. Methods: The Moth-Flame Optimization (MFO) algorithm was chosen for solving this single-objective multi-criteria optimization task using MATLAB. Also, the results were verified by using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Results: The proposed girder shape is justified in examples of real solutions of single-beam bridge cranes and the previous research results. In this case, significant savings in the material and better results are achieved compared to the examples from the previous research. Conclusion: The proposed girder shape, methodology, the optimization algorithm and the achieved savings fully justify this research. Furthermore, this algorithm enables the application of many constraint functions, whereby the optimal values of numerous variables are obtained in a relatively short period. Therefore, it would not be possible to find the solution for that engineering task by applying analytical optimization methods.