bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Industrial technological progress, technology spillover, and the environment in a dual agricultural economy
Authors: Wu Yunyun , Li Xiaochun
Published: March 2024

Developing nations typically prioritize economic growth. Thus, industrial technological progress frequently leads to production expansion and subsequent environmental degradation. This paper, however, proposes that in a dual agricultural economy, the progress in industrial production technology does not necessarily degrade the environment when considering technology spillover. Utilizing a general equilibrium model, we conclude that, at the beginning of modern agricultural development, increasing technology spillover rate adversely affects the environment and social welfare. Yet, after the popularization of modern agriculture, increasing this rate can enhance environmental and welfare conditions. Under specific conditions, industrial technological progress might promote environmental and welfare benefits.
Bias in job analysis survey ratings attributed to order effects
Authors: Berenbon Rebecca , McHugh Bridget , Anyidoho Philomina Abena
Published: March 2024

When respondents complete long surveys, evidence suggests that they may change their response behavior as they become fatigued. The present study examines question order effects in a block‐randomized job analysis survey that collected task ratings (importance, frequency, and needed at certification) for a certification program. Analyses showed that average task ratings were lower for tasks presented later in the survey for both complete and partial responses, though the effect of question ordering was stronger for non‐completers in two rating categories (importance and needed at certification). Additionally, rater variance was lower for questions that appeared later in the survey. The results highlight the value of using randomization to mitigate order effects on survey response quality.
Refractive index dispersion prediction for garnets (A3B2C3X12)
Authors: Drazin John W. , Hay Randall S.
Published: March 2024

A model for the refractive index dispersion of garnets was developed by extension of a model for garnet refractive indices at 589 nm wavelength. The cation and anion polarizabilities in garnets were determined as a function of wavelength from dispersion data, and fit to Sellmeier relations. Dispersion predictions were compared to measurements of refractive index between 400 and 5500 nm for 35 garnet compositions. The median prediction error was 0.5% with a maximum error < 4.4%. Sources of error and applications of the predictive method are discussed.
Trends in publication impact of evidence‐based healthcare terminology (2013–2022)
Authors: Bourgault Annette M. , Davis Jean W. , LaManna Jacqueline , Conner Norma E. , Turnage Dawn
Published: March 2024

Aims

This article explored the publication impact of evidence‐based healthcare terminology to determine usage and discuss options for low usage terms.

Background

A plethora of terms describe the scholarship of evidence‐based healthcare. Several terms are synonyms, creating redundancy and confusion. The abundance and overlap of terms may impede the discovery of evidence.

Design

This discursive article explored and discussed publication impact of evidence‐based healthcare terms.

Methods

Evidence‐based healthcare terms were identified, and their 10‐year (2013–2022) publication impact was assessed in the CINAHL and Medline databases. A card sort method was also used to identify terms with low usage.

Results

A total of 18/32 terms were included in the review. The terms evidence‐based practice, quality improvement, research and translational research were the most highly published terms. Publication data were presented yearly over a 10‐year period. Most terms increased in publication use over time, except for three terms whose use decreased. Several terms related to translational research have multiple synonyms. It remains unknown whether these terms are interchangeable and possibly redundant, or if there are nuanced differences between terms.

Conclusion

We suggest a follow‐up review in 3–5 years to identify publication trends to assess context and terms with continued low publication usage. Terms with persistent low usage should be considered for retirement in the reporting of scholarly activities. Additionally, terms with increasing publication trends should be treated as emerging terms that contribute to evidence‐based healthcare terminology.

Implications for Nursing

Confusion about the use of appropriate terminology may hinder progress in the scholarship of evidence‐based healthcare. We encourage scholars to be aware of publication impact as it relates to the use of specific terminology and be purposeful in the selection of terms used in scholarly projects and publications.
Individual and environmental factors influencing preen gland's morphology and physiology in the barn owl Tyto alba
Authors: Ançay Laurie , Nicole Sidonie , San‐Jose Luis M. , Roulin Alexandre
Published: March 2024

Avian preen gland helps birds cope with their environment, although its overall functioning remains unclear. We shed light on the complexity of the preen gland's functioning by studying how multiple factors associate with gland morphology (size and shape) and physiology (wax secreted) in barn owls Tyto alba. Individual factors (sex, breeding stage, body condition) were more important predictors of preen gland than environmental factors (temperature, humidity, brood size). Sex, depending on breeding stage in adults, influenced preen gland traits, pointing to the preen gland's regulation by sex hormones and a greater pressure on females to protect their eggs, offspring and themselves throughout reproduction. Adults and fledglings in better condition had larger glands, pointing to the existence of physiological costs. Temperature and humidity, in interaction with plumage coloration, also influenced but to a lesser extent preen gland traits, suggesting that melanin pigmentation and preen gland act as superseding mechanisms when protecting plumage against microorganisms. Finally, fledglings living in larger broods had larger glands, suggesting a role for the social environment in preen gland's functioning. Overall, our study supports the idea that preen gland functions in diverse biological contexts within the same species and is thus subject to multiple selective pressures.
Cholesterol depletion induces mesenchymal properties in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line
Authors: do Nascimento Rebeca Barros , Cerqueira Paloma Souza Gonçalves , Silva Jamerson Carvalho , Fontes Elisa Kauark , dos Santos Elias Almeida , dos Santos Jean Nunes , Nunes Fábio Daumas , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda Setubal Destro , Paiva Katiúcia Batista Silva , Xavier Flávia Caló de Aquino
Published: March 2024

Background

Cholesterol in cell membranes is crucial for cell signaling, adhesion, and migration. Membranes feature cholesterol‐rich caveolae with caveolin proteins, playing roles in epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and cancer progression. Despite elevated cholesterol levels in tumors, its precise function and the effects of its depletion in oral squamous cell carcinoma remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of cholesterol depletion in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition process.

Methods

Cholesterol depletion was induced on SCC‐9 cells by methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin and cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and colony formation capacities were evaluated. Gene and protein expressions were evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and Western Blot, respectively, and cell sublocalization was assessed by immunofluorescence.

Results

Cholesterol depletion resulted in alteration of oral squamous cell carcinoma cell morphology at different concentrations of methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin, as well as decreased cell proliferation and viability rates. Analysis of CAV1 transcript expression revealed increased gene expression in the treated SCC‐9 during the 24 h period, at different concentrations of methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin: 5 , 7.5, 10, and 15 mM, in relation to parental SCC‐9. CAV1 protein expression was increased, with subsequent dose‐dependent decrease. A statistically significant difference was observed in samples treated with 5 mM of methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (p = 0.02, Kruskal–Wallis test). The immunofluorescence assay showed lower cytoplasmic and membrane labeling intensity in the treated samples for CAV1.

Conclusion

These findings indicate the modulation of cholesterol as a possible mechanism underlying the regulation of these molecules and activation of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Public–private wage differentials in Tunisia: Consistency and decomposition
Authors: Amara Mohamed , Khallouli Wajih , Zidi Faicel
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we estimate and decompose the public–private wage differentials for urban areas, using the 2012 Tunisia urban youth survey. Oaxaca decomposition results suggest that, on average, public sector workers earn more than their private counterparts. Additionally, the results indicate that a substantial part of the conditional gap in urban areas can be attributed to observed characteristics. Human capital, particularly education, are the main reason behind the observed log‐wage advantages. Using unconditional quantile decomposition, our findings reveal that, for urban areas, the discrimination effect becomes more pronounced at the upper quantiles of the wage distribution. Separate analyses by gender and educational levels show that male workers across both sectors receive higher compensation than their female counterparts, with a more pronounced gender gap in private sector. Less educated workers are compensated much more in the public sector than in the private sector, while the wage differential for skilled workers decreases rapidly through the distribution.
Transcriptional chronology reveals conserved genes involved in pennate diatom sexual reproduction
Authors: Audoor Sien , Bilcke Gust , Pargana Katerina , Belišová Darja , Thierens Sander , Van Bel Michiel , Sterck Lieven , Rijsdijk Nadine , Annunziata Rossella , Ferrante Maria Immacolata , Vandepoele Klaas , Vyverman Wim
Published: March 2024

Sexual reproduction is a major driver of adaptation and speciation in eukaryotes. In diatoms, siliceous microalgae with a unique cell size reduction‐restitution life cycle and among the world's most prolific primary producers, sex also acts as the main mechanism for cell size restoration through the formation of an expanding auxospore. However, the molecular regulators of the different stages of sexual reproduction and size restoration are poorly explored. Here, we combined RNA sequencing with the assembly of a 55 Mbp reference genome for Cylindrotheca closterium to identify patterns of gene expression during different stages of sexual reproduction. These were compared with a corresponding transcriptomic time series of Seminavis robusta to assess the degree of expression conservation. Integrative orthology analysis revealed 138 one‐to‐one orthologues that are upregulated during sex in both species, among which 56 genes consistently upregulated during cell pairing and gametogenesis, and 11 genes induced when auxospores are present. Several early, sex‐specific transcription factors and B‐type cyclins were also upregulated during sex in other pennate and centric diatoms, pointing towards a conserved core regulatory machinery for meiosis and gametogenesis across diatoms. Furthermore, we find molecular evidence that the pheromone‐induced cell cycle arrest is short‐lived in benthic diatoms, which may be linked to their active mode of mate finding through gliding. Finally, we exploit the temporal resolution of our comparative analysis to report the first marker genes for auxospore identity called AAE1‐3 (“Auxospore‐Associated Expression”). Altogether, we introduce a multi‐species model of the transcriptional dynamics during size restoration in diatoms and highlight conserved gene expression dynamics during different stages of sexual reproduction.
Comparison of the Clinical Outcomes between All‐inside and Standard Technique in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with 6‐strand Hamstring Tendon Autograft
Authors: Xu Juncai , Jia Yanfeng , Zhang Boxuan , Wang Xiaofeng , Sun Ran
Published: March 2024

Objective

All‐inside and standard techniques with 4‐strand hamstrings graft have been widely used in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, the graft diameter of less than 8 mm will significantly increase the rate of surgical failure, and the 6‐strand graft can solve this problem. The purpose of this study is to compare all‐inside ACL reconstruction using suspensory cortical button fixation on both tibia and femur with standard ACL reconstruction using suspensory femoral fixation and a bioabsorbable tibial interference screw with a 6‐strand hamstring tendon autograft in postoperative clinical outcomes.

Methods

From January 2020 to December 2020, 48 patients performed ACL reconstruction were divided into the all‐side group and the standard group according to the different surgical techniques. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and subjective function scores was used to assess clinical outcomes at least 24 months following ACL reconstruction. MRI was used to measure the value of bone tunnel widening in articular and middle portions. Subjective function scores included the Lysholm knee score, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, the Knee Society Score (KSS) for pain and function, and KT‐1000. The t‐test was used assuming the distribution of the patients which follows the normal distribution and we used non‐parametric tests if these two conditions were not satisfied.

Results

At the final follow‐up, there were 22 patients in the all‐inside group and 24 patients in the standard group. No significant differences were found with respect to femoral tunnel widening and subjective function scores. However, a significant increase in tibial tunnel widening was found in the middle portion of the standard group (2.25 ± 0.74) compared to the all‐inside group (0.76 ± 0.24) (p < 0.01) and also in the articular portion of the standard group (2.07 ± 0.77) compared to the all‐inside group (1.52 ± 0.54) (p = 0.02). In addition, the value of the KT‐1000 was 1.81 ± 0.45 for the all‐inside group and 2.12 ± 0.44 in the standard group (p = 0.016).

Conclusion

The objective stability of the knee was relatively better in the all‐inside group than in the standard group. And tunnel widening after ACL reconstruction was significantly greater in the standard technique when compared to the all‐inside technique on the tibia side.
Engineered poplar for bioproduction of the triterpene squalene
Authors: Bibik Jacob D. , Sahu Abira , Kim Boeun , Unda Faride , Andersen Trine B. , Mansfield Shawn D. , Maravelias Christos T. , Sharkey Thomas D. , Hamberger Björn R.
Published: March 2024

Building sustainable platforms to produce biofuels and specialty chemicals has become an increasingly important strategy to supplement and replace fossil fuels and petrochemical‐derived products. Terpenoids are the most diverse class of natural products that have many commercial roles as specialty chemicals. Poplar is a fast growing, biomassdense bioenergy crop with many species known to produce large amounts of the hemiterpene isoprene, suggesting an inherent capacity to produce significant quantities of other terpenes. Here we aimed to engineer poplar with optimized pathways to produce squalene, a triterpene commonly used in cosmetic oils, a potential biofuel candidate, and the precursor to the further diversified classes of triterpenoids and sterols. The squalene production pathways were either re‐targeted from the cytosol to plastids or co‐produced with lipid droplets in the cytosol. Squalene and lipid droplet co‐production appeared to be toxic, which we hypothesize to be due to disruption of adventitious root formation, suggesting a need for tissue specific production. Plastidial squalene production enabled up to 0.63 mg/g fresh weight in leaf tissue, which also resulted in reductions in isoprene emission and photosynthesis. These results were also studied through a technoeconomic analysis, providing further insight into developing poplar as a production host.
ACVR and ECVDI consensus statement for teleradiology
Authors: Ziemer Lisa S. , De Haan Constance E. , Cardwell Amy L. , Gambino Jennifer M. , McLear Robert C. , Silverman Sam , Spattini Giliola , Thompson Margret
Published: March 2024

Increased demand for the interpretation of diagnostic images by board‐certified radiologists and profound advancements in technology have led to extremely rapid growth in the field of veterinary teleradiology over the past decade. The aim of this consensus statement is to provide a guideline for best practices for quality and safety in veterinary teleradiology. The statement addresses appropriate image acquisition and transmission, the creation of teleradiology submissions, quality control in teleradiology, and appropriate documentation of imaging reports, as deficiencies in any of these areas may directly affect the standard of patient care. The consensus statement may be used as a guide for radiologists, primary care veterinarians, technicians, and students for the use of teleradiology in practice.
Acute Effects of Local High-Frequency Percussive Massage on Deep Fascial and Muscular Stiffness and Joint Range of Motion in Young Adult Men
Authors: Liu Zijian , Zhong Yicheng , Maemichi Toshihiro , Zhou Qianhui , Okunuki Takumi , Li Yanshu , Kazuki Wakamiya , Kumai Tsukasa
Published: March 2024

Background: Local high-frequency percussive (HFP) massage has recently found widespread application in physical therapy. Although HFP massage reportedly improves range of motion (ROM), the mechanism underlying its action has not yet been proven. This study aimed to clarify whether a 5-minute percussive massage regimen affects muscular or connective tissues, such as the deep fascia and deep intermuscular fascia and the change in joint ROM. Method: The study sample was calculated using G*Power analysis program, and this study enrolled 15 healthy men who underwent 5-minute HFP massage to the medial gastrocnemius muscle. Shear-wave elastography was used to measure tissue stiffness in the deep fascia, muscle, and deep intermuscular fascia through shear-wave velocity as well as the ROM of the volunteers’ ankle joint dorsiflexion before and after the HFP massage. A value of P < .05 was used to declare statistical significance, and post hoc was used to calculate the effect size using G*Power. Results: Shear-wave velocity revealed a significant change in the deep fascia (P = .003; shear-wave velocity: −0.7 m/s) and significant increase in ROM of ankle dorsiflexion (P = .002; increase in ROM: 3.0°) after 5 minutes of HFP massage. However, the muscle and deep intermuscular fascia did not exhibit any significant changes. Conclusions: HFP massage for 5 minutes modified the stiffness of the deep fascia and concurrently improved the ankle joint-dorsiflexion ROM. This method can be used as an intervention to decrease stiffness of the deep fascia and increase the ROM efficiently.
Parametric magnon transduction to spin qubits
Authors: Bejarano Mauricio , Goncalves Francisco J. T. , Hache Toni , Hollenbach Michael , Heins Christopher , Hula Tobias , Körber Lukas , Heinze Jakob , Berencén Yonder , Helm Manfred , Fassbender Jürgen , Astakhov Georgy V. , Schultheiss Helmut
Published: March 2024

The integration of heterogeneous modular units for building large-scale quantum networks requires engineering mechanisms that allow suitable transduction of quantum information. Magnon-based transducers are especially attractive due to their wide range of interactions and rich nonlinear dynamics, but most of the work to date has focused on linear magnon transduction in the traditional system composed of yttrium iron garnet and diamond, two materials with difficult integrability into wafer-scale quantum circuits. In this work, we present a different approach by using wafer-compatible materials to engineer a hybrid transducer that exploits magnon nonlinearities in a magnetic microdisc to address quantum spin defects in silicon carbide. The resulting interaction scheme points to the unique transduction behavior that can be obtained when complementing quantum systems with nonlinear magnonics.
A thermally conductive Martian core and implications for its dynamo cessation
Authors: Hsieh Wen-Pin , Deschamps Frédéric , Tsao Yi-Chi , Yoshino Takashi , Lin Jung-Fu
Published: March 2024

Mars experienced a dynamo process that generated a global magnetic field ~4.3 (or earlier) to 3.6 billion years ago (Ga). The cessation of this dynamo strongly affected Mars’ history and is expected to be linked to thermochemical evolution of Mars’ iron-rich liquid core, which is strongly influenced by its thermal conductivity. Here, we directly measured thermal conductivities of solid iron-sulfur alloys to pressures relevant to the Martian core and temperatures to 1023 Kelvin. Our results show that a Martian core with 16 weight % sulfur has a thermal conductivity of ~19 to 32 Watt meter
−1
Kelvin
−1
from its top to the center, much higher than previously inferred from electrical resistivity measurements. Our modeled thermal conductivity profile throughout the Martian deep-mantle and core indicates a ~4- to 6-fold discontinuity across the core-mantle boundary. The core’s efficient cooling resulting from the depth-dependent, high conductivity diminishes thermal convection and forms thermal stratification, substantially contributing to cessation of Martian dynamo.
JAK/STAT signaling pathway affects CCR5 expression in human CD4
+
T cells
Authors: Wang Lingyun , Yukselten Yunus , Nuwagaba Julius , Sutton Richard E.
Published: March 2024

CCR5 serves as R5-tropic HIV co-receptor. Knocking out CCR5 in HIV patients, which has occurred <10 times, is believed important for cure. JAK/STAT inhibitors tofacitinib and ruxolitinib inhibit CCR5 expression in HIV
+
viremic patients. We investigated the association of JAK/STAT signaling pathway with CCR5/CCR2 expression in human primary CD4
+
T cells and confirmed its importance. Six of nine JAK/STAT inhibitors that reduced CCR5/CCR2 expression were identified. Inhibitor-treated CD4
+
T cells were relatively resistant, specifically to R5-tropic HIV infection. Furthermore, single JAK2, STAT3, STAT5A, and STAT5B knockout and different combinations of JAK/STAT knockout significantly reduced CCR2/CCR5 expression of both RNA and protein levels, indicating that CCR5/CCR2 expression was positively regulated by JAK-STAT pathway in CD4
+
T cells. Serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) knockout affected CCR2/CCR5 gene expression, suggesting that SGK1 is involved in CCR2/CCR5 regulation. If cell surface CCR5 levels can be specifically and markedly down-regulated without adverse effects, that may have a major impact on the HIV cure agenda.
Estimating human joint moments unifies exoskeleton control, reducing user effort
Authors: Molinaro Dean D. , Kang Inseung , Young Aaron J.
Published: March 2024

Robotic lower-limb exoskeletons can augment human mobility, but current systems require extensive, context-specific considerations, limiting their real-world viability. Here, we present a unified exoskeleton control framework that autonomously adapts assistance on the basis of instantaneous user joint moment estimates from a temporal convolutional network (TCN). When deployed on our hip exoskeleton, the TCN achieved an average root mean square error of 0.142 newton-meters per kilogram across 35 ambulatory conditions without any user-specific calibration. Further, the unified controller significantly reduced user metabolic cost and lower-limb positive work during level-ground and incline walking compared with walking without wearing the exoskeleton. This advancement bridges the gap between in-lab exoskeleton technology and real-world human ambulation, making exoskeleton control technology viable for a broad community.
A tough bioadhesive hydrogel supports sutureless sealing of the dural membrane in porcine and ex vivo human tissue
Authors: Wu Kyle C. , Freedman Benjamin R. , Kwon Phoebe S. , Torre Matthew , Kent Daniel O. , Bi Wenya Linda , Mooney David J.
Published: March 2024

Complete sequestration of central nervous system tissue and cerebrospinal fluid by the dural membrane is fundamental to maintaining homeostasis and proper organ function, making reconstruction of this layer an essential step during neurosurgery. Primary closure of the dura by suture repair is the current standard, despite facing technical, microenvironmental, and anatomic challenges. Here, we apply a mechanically tough hydrogel paired with a bioadhesive for intraoperative sealing of the dural membrane in rodent, porcine, and human central nervous system tissue. Tensile testing demonstrated that this dural tough adhesive (DTA) exhibited greater toughness with higher maximum stress and stretch compared with commercial sealants in aqueous environments. To evaluate the performance of DTA in the range of intracranial pressure typical of healthy and disease states, ex vivo burst pressure testing was conducted until failure after DTA or commercial sealant application on ex vivo porcine dura with a punch biopsy injury. In contrast to commercial sealants, DTA remained adhered to the porcine dura through increasing pressure up to 300 millimeters of mercury and achieved a greater maximum burst pressure. Feasibility of DTA to repair cerebrospinal fluid leak in a simulated surgical context was evaluated in postmortem human dural tissue. DTA supported effective sutureless repair of the porcine thecal sac in vivo. Biocompatibility and adhesion of DTA was maintained for up to 4 weeks in rodents after implantation. The findings suggest the potential of DTA to augment or perhaps even supplant suture repair and warrant further exploration.
Stratigraphy and depositional history of the Aguja Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Campanian) of West Texas, southwestern USA
Authors: Lehman Thomas M. , Wick Steven L. , (Charlie) Macon Craig C. , Wagner Jonathan R. , Waggoner Karen J. , Brink Alyson A. , Shiller Thomas A.
Published: March 2024

Although the Aguja Formation (West Texas, southwestern USA) and its fossil vertebrate fauna have been known for over a century, its basic stratigraphic requisites (type area and type section) have not been formally documented. The formation is herein subdivided into a series of formal members, and a lectostratotype section is proposed. Lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic subdivisions are documented and integrated with geochronologic data to provide an age model for the formation. Four terrestrial vertebrate biozones are proposed. There are at least four major depositional intervals represented in the Aguja and intertonguing Pen Formations. An initial progradational deltaic succession is recorded by the La Basa Sandstone and lower part of the Abajo Shale Members of the Aguja Formation. A second phase of deposition resulted in a retrogradational shoreface succession that includes the upper part of the Abajo Shale, overlying Rattlesnake Mountain Sandstone Member, and lower part of the McKinney Springs Tongue of the Pen Formation, up to a skeletal phosphate bed interpreted to represent the maximum flooding surface. The third phase of deposition comprises a progradational deltaic succession that includes the upper part of the McKinney Springs Tongue, Terlingua Creek Sandstone Member of the Aguja Formation, and lower part of the Alto Shale Member of the Aguja Formation. This third succession records eastward migration of the strandline and withdrawal of the Western Interior Seaway from the Big Bend region. The fourth phase of deposition comprises a series of aggradational fluvial channel and floodplain successions that form the upper part of the Alto Shale Member and is coincident with redirection of stream flow to the southeast. This interval is much thicker in the central part of the Big Bend region, thins to the southwest and northeast, and likely records initial subsidence in the Laramide Tornillo Basin. The upper part of this succession was also contemporaneous with a series of basaltic pyroclastic eruptions, the westernmost expression of the Balcones igneous province. A dramatic constriction in the southern entrance to the Western Interior Seaway through the Gulf of Mexico occurred during this final phase in deposition of the Aguja Formation and corresponds to a shift of stream flow southeastward and to an outbreak of local pyroclastic eruptions. Regional uplift associated with this episode of magmatism is likely responsible for closing the southern aperture of the Western Interior Seaway.
Myomatous erythrocytosis syndrome: a uterine fibroid associated with polycythaemia
Authors: Ansari Faisal , Al Assil Talal , Omaira Mohammad , Hoekstra Anna V
Published: March 2024

Myomatous erythrocytosis syndrome (MES) is a rare form of secondary erythrocytosis seen with myomas. Here, we present a case of a postmenopausal, nulliparous woman in her 50s incidentally found to have asymptomatic erythrocytosis on routine laboratory work. She was found to have an 18.5 cm myoma and after surgical resection, the patient’s haematological values returned to normal ranges after a few weeks. This established the diagnosis as MES. The aetiology of MES continues to remain unknown but is most likely caused by an autonomous production of erythropoietin from the myomatous tissue. This case highlights obtaining a detailed history and physical examination to differentiate between the different causes of erythrocytosis, considering MES as a rare cause of secondary erythrocytosis and to prevent unnecessary procedures such as phlebotomy as surgery is the mainstay of treatment.
Surgery for a symptomatic massive liver haemangioma
Authors: Velusamy Sowmiya , Dutta Souradeep , Naik Debasis , Nelamangala Ramakrishnaiah Vishnu Prasad
Published: March 2024

Liver haemangiomas are the most common benign hepatic tumours, but secondary portal hypertension resulting from haemangiomas is exceedingly uncommon. We present a case of a man in his 50s who presented with a progressively enlarging mass in the right upper abdomen. CT of the liver revealed a large hypodense lesion involving the right lobe, with two smaller lesions in the left lobe. The portal vein was compressed by the tumour, causing portal hypertension. The patient underwent right hepatectomy. Postoperatively, the patient had an uneventful course, and a 3-month follow-up demonstrated resolution of the oesophageal varices, portal gastropathy, with hypertrophy of the left lobe. This case report highlights the successful surgical management of a rare massive hepatic haemangioma causing portal hypertension with surgical resection, emphasising the potential benefits of surgical intervention with minimal complications.
Endobronchial lesion in a premature neonate
Authors: Shchomak Zakhar , Oliveira Lia , Saianda Ana , Bandeira Teresa
Published: March 2024

Endobronchial and endotracheal tumours are rare in the paediatric population, especially in neonates. The common presentation is respiratory distress with persistent lung collapse or hyperinflation. Treatment usually involves endoscopic or surgical lobar resection. This case presents a preterm neonate who developed acute respiratory distress with persistent right upper lobe atelectasis. A flexible bronchoscopy showed a pediculate violaceous endobronchial lesion in the right main bronchus. Endoscopic resection was not possible due to the patient’s low weight and the decision was made to support the patient with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) at home, while monitoring her closely. Remarkably, the lesion spontaneously resolved, and CPAP support was discontinued successfully. The case emphasises the importance of early bronchoscopy, continuous monitoring and the possibility of using CPAP support until conditions are reunited for an eventual resection. This unique case also demonstrates the potential for spontaneous resolution in some cases.
Relationship between social isolation and glycaemic control of people previously diagnosed with diabetes: secondary analysis from the CHARLS
Authors: Lu Qiuping , Qu Liyuan , Xie Cuihua , Shu Yi , Gao Fang , Zou Mengchen , Fan Xinzhao , Luo Xiangrong , Meng Jianfu , Xue Yaoming , Cao Ying
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Social isolation may affect diabetes self-management. This study aimed to explore the relations between social isolation and glycaemic control in patients with diabetes and to explore lifestyle differences among individuals with different levels of social isolation.

Methods

The relevant data of 665 people previously diagnosed with diabetes included in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2015 were extracted and analysed. The study included patient general information, blood glucose, lipids, glycosylated haemoglobin, social isolation index, health-related lifestyle factors and diabetes-related factors. Differences in metabolic abnormalities and modifiable lifestyles were compared among patients with varying levels of social isolation.

Results

Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that among men aged 45–64 years, the high social isolation group had significantly higher glycosylated haemoglobin levels compared with the low isolation group (7.29±1.81 vs 6.59±1.63, p=0.026). A positive correlation was observed between social isolation and blood glucose (β=14.16; 95% CI 2.75 to 25.57; p=0.015) and glycosylated haemoglobin (β=0.35; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.60; p=0.006), indicating that higher social isolation was associated with higher fasting blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels. However, no significant associations were observed in other age groups. Notably, men aged 45–65 years with high social isolation had higher depression rates (44.10% vs 24.60%, p=0.024), lower engagement in moderate exercise (5.70% vs 23.50%, p=0.019) and shorter 10-minute walks (17.10% vs 36.80%, p=0.027). Differences in other health-related and diabetes-related factors were not statistically significant.

Conclusion

Middle-aged men with diabetes with higher social isolation tend to have higher blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels. This subset of patients requires targeted attention to provide social support from family and friends for improved glycaemic control. If necessary, education on diabetes should be made available to family members and friends.
Analysis of Successive Doubly Nested Mixed-Mode Oscillations
Authors: Ito Hidetaka , Inaba Naohiko
Published: March 2024

In previous works [Inaba & Kousaka, 2020; Inaba & Tsubone, 2020; Inaba et al., 2023], significant bifurcation structures referred to as nested Mixed-Mode Oscillations (MMOs) were found to be present in forced Bonhoeffer–van der Pol (BVP) oscillators. It is well known that unnested Mixed-Mode Oscillation-Incrementing Bifurcations (MMOIBs) can generate [Formula: see text] oscillations (i.e. [Formula: see text] followed by [Formula: see text] repeated [Formula: see text] times) for successive values of [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent fundamental simple MMOs, e.g. [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is an integer. Furthermore, it has been confirmed that MMOIBs can generate nested MMOs. Let two adjacent unnested MMOIB-generated MMOs be denoted [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Then, singly nested MMOIBs can generate [Formula: see text] for successive values of [Formula: see text], i.e. [Formula: see text] followed by [Formula: see text] repeated [Formula: see text] times, between the [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-generating regions. The sequential generation of singly nested MMOs has been investigated in detail in previous work [Ito et al., 2021]. Nested MMOs can, however, be at least doubly nested. In this study, we investigate doubly nested MMOs considering a constrained nonautonomous BVP oscillator containing an idealized diode. Based on the observed dynamics of this system, Poincaré return maps are rigorously constructed in one dimension. Therefore, we can solve the successive saddle-node bifurcations using a nested (i.e. double-loop) bisection method. We track 60 successive doubly nested MMOIBs and we do not rule out the possibility that the 58 scaling constants corresponding to the MMOIB intervals converge to unity. We note that because we solve the bifurcation equation avoiding the use of a method that requires the careful selection of the initial conditions (e.g. the Newton–Raphson), we can accurately track the saddle-node bifurcations without missing any doubly nested MMO sequences.
Two-Parameter Bifurcations and Hidden Attractors in a Class of 3D Linear Filippov Systems
Authors: Wei Zhouchao , Wang Fanrui
Published: March 2024

We take into consideration two different kinds of two-parameter bifurcations in a class of 3D linear Filippov systems, namely pseudo-Bautin bifurcation and boundary equilibrium bifurcations for two scenarios. The bifurcation conditions for generating rich dynamic behaviors are established. The main objective is to investigate the effects of two parameters interacting simultaneously on a variety of dynamic phenomena. In order to analyze the pseudo-Bautin bifurcation, we build the Poincaré map and analyze the number of fixed points whose types are related to the crossing limit cycles. In order to analyze boundary equilibrium bifurcations for two scenarios, we perform an analysis on the existence and admissibility of equilibria. Besides, a comprehensive investigation on hidden attractors induced by boundary equilibrium bifurcations is conducted. The novelty resides in overcoming the constraints of previous studies that solely take into account the dynamics of individual parameter variations. We innovatively characterize the two-parameter bifurcation mechanism of a new class of Filippov systems, and qualitatively demonstrate the coexistence of hidden attractor and stable pseudo-equilibrium.
Enhancing Accessibility and Navigation of Heritage Collections Through Interactive Spatiotemporal Maps
Authors: Casanova-Salas Pablo , Sevilla Javier , Coma Inmaculada , Morillo Pedro , Gaitán Mar , Portalés Cristina
Published: March 2024

Visualizing data allows us to interactively explore and analyze datasets, which can be dynamic, noisy, and heterogeneous. In the field of cultural heritage, more and more museums and cultural institutions are exploiting modern visualization systems to disseminate their content in an attractive, usable, and interactive way, which involves displaying data on spatiotemporal maps. The SeMap project has built an online resource that displays more than 200,000 cultural objects from the CER.ES repository, which was created by a network of more than 100 Spanish museums. In this repository, SeMap analyzes the textual data to extract meaning, showing the results on interactive spatiotemporal maps, which bring new experiences and perspectives around such objects. This article explains the strategies to visualize such information, as well as an evaluation of the finalized tool by second-year university students on a Data Science graduate programme, as part of the subject of Data Visualization. Results show that most of the students find the tool usable although they do not fully understand the cultural-related content.
Scale Attentive Aggregation Network for Crowd Counting and Localization in Smart City
Authors: Zhai Wenzhe , Gao Mingliang , Guo Xiangyu , Zou Guofeng , Li Qilei , Jeon Gwanggil
Published: March 2024

Recent years have witnessed a remarkable proliferation of applications in smart cities. Crowd analysis is a crucial subject, and it incorporates two subtasks in smart city systems,
i.e.
, crowd counting and crowd localization. Nevertheless, the presence of adverse intrinsic factors,
i.e.
, scale variation and background noise severely degrades the performance of counting and localization. Although great efforts have been made on separate research on counting and localization, few works are capable of performing both tasks at the same time. To this aim, the scale attentive aggregation network (SA
2
Net) is proposed to solve the problems of scale variation and background noise in crowd counting and localization tasks synchronously. Specifically, the SA
2
Net has two vital modules, namely multiscale feature aggregator (MFA) module and background noise suppressor (BNS) module. The MFA module is designed in a four-pathway structure, and it aggregates the multiscale feature so as to facilitate the correlation between different scales. The BNS module utilizes the contextual information between the input keys matrix and self-attention matrix to suppress the background noise. Furthermore, a global consistency loss combined with the Euclidean loss is utilized to optimize the network in counting and localization tasks. Extensive experimental results prove that the SA
2
Net outperforms the state-of-the-art competitors both subjectively and objectively.
FADO: Floorplan-Aware Directive Optimization Based on Synthesis and Analytical Models for High-Level Synthesis Designs on Multi-Die FPGAs
Authors: Du Linfeng , Liang Tingyuan , Zhou Xiaofeng , Ge Jinming , Li Shangkun , Sinha Sharad , Zhao Jieru , Xie Zhiyao , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2024

Multi-die FPGAs are widely adopted for large-scale accelerators, but optimizing high-level synthesis designs on these FPGAs faces two challenges. First, the delay caused by die-crossing nets creates an NP-hard floorplanning problem. Second, traditional directive optimization cannot consider resource constraints on each die or the timing issue incurred by the die-crossings. Furthermore, the high algorithmic complexity and the large scale lead to extended runtime for legalizing the floorplan of HLS designs under different directive configurations.

To co-optimize the directives and floorplan of HLS designs on multi-die FPGAs, we formulate the co-search based on bin-packing variants and present two iterative optimization flows. The first (FADO 1.0) relies on a pre-built QoR library. It involves a greedy, latency-bottleneck-guided directive search, and an incremental floorplan legalization. Compared with a global floorplanning solution, it takes 693X~4925X shorter search time and achieves 1.16X~8.78X better design performance, measured in workload execution time.

To remove the time-consuming QoR library generation, the second flow (FADO 2.0) integrates an analytical QoR model and redesigns the directive search to accelerate convergence. Through experiments on mixed dataflow and non-dataflow designs, compared with 1.0, FADO 2.0 further yields a 1.40X better design performance on average after implementation on the Alveo U250 FPGA.
Skin and not dorsal root stimulation reduces hypertonus in thoracic motor complete spinal cord injury: a single case report
Authors: Lieu Brandon , Everaert Dirk G. , Ho Chester , Gorassini Monica A.
Published: March 2024

We present proof of concept that surface stimulation of the lower back can reduce severe leg hypertonus in a participant with motor complete, thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI) but only during the applied stimulation. We propose that activation of skin and muscle afferents from thoracolumbar transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) may recruit excitatory spinal interneurons with bilateral projections that in turn recruit recurrent inhibitory networks to provide on demand suppression of ongoing involuntary motoneuron activity.
SDHAF2-Linked Metastatic Paraganglioma: A Case Report with Implications for Counseling and Follow-Up of Pathogenic SDHAF2 Variant Carriers
Authors: de Jong Monique A. M. , Corssmit Eleonora P. M. , Jansen Jeroen C. , Potjer Thomas P. , Bayley Jean-Pierre L. , Hensen Erik F.
Published: March 2024

Head and neck paragangliomas are slow growing and highly vascular neuroendocrine tumors. It is currently assumed that SDHAF2 variants exclusively cause benign and often multicentric head and neck paragangliomas. Here, we present a patient diagnosed with multiple SDHAF2-linked head and neck paragangliomas who in addition developed paraganglioma metastases to the lung and spine and a primary or metastatic paraganglioma in the head of the pancreas. During the course of the disease, a range of management strategies were deployed for the different head and neck tumors, including total resections, partial resections, and active surveillance. After identification of the paraganglioma metastases, the patient was treated with lanreotide after which the disease remained stable during the 27 months of follow-up.
Rapid Quality Assessment of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Jia Bin , Mai Ziying , Xiang Chaoqun , Chen Qiwen , Cheng Min , Zhang Longkai , Xiao Xue
Published: March 2024

The precise and prompt determination of quality control indicators such as moisture, stilbene glycosides, and anthraquinone glycosides is crucial in assessing the quality of Polygoni Multiflori Radix. Near-infrared spectroscopy is a nondestructive analytical technique that offers a more desirable approach than traditional methods for assessing content levels. In this study, various spectral preprocessing techniques were used to preprocess the raw spectral data. The spectral data were correlated with the determination of three-component contents using the partial least squares regression (PLSR) method. Then different algorithms, such as competitive adaptive weighted sampling (CARS), Monte Carlo uninformative variable elimination (MCUVE), and random frog hopping (RF), were used for model simplification and feature selection. The data suggest that the first-order deconvolution derivative (1st Dev.) processing of the spectral data is superior to other methods in all three model evaluation metrics. The PLSR model for moisture, stilbene glycosides, and anthraquinone glycosides produced the calibration coefficient of determination (R2C) of 0.82, 0.52, and 0.58, the root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) of 0.91%, 0.77%, and 0.69%, the prediction coefficient of determination (R2P) of 0.72, 0.28, and 0.54, the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.65%, 0.81%, and 0.75%, and relative percentage differences (RPDs) of 1.7, 1.0, and 0.8. After optimizing the model using CARS, R2C increased by 0.15%, 0.41%, and 0.34%, RMSECV decreased by 0.53%, 0.32%, and 0.24%, R2P increased by 0.21%, 0.63%, and 0.35%, RMSEP decreased by 0.36%, 0.41%, and 0.31%, and RPD increased by 1.1, 0.9, and 0.6, significantly improving the predictive capacity of the model. This research provides a feasible method for rapid compliance testing of Polygoni Multiflori Radix. To further improve the model’s performance and applicability, it is necessary to continuously expand the sample set with different varieties and locations for wide variation.