bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fenologia reprodutiva de Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart ex Hayne (Fabaceae) em cerrado sensu stricto
Authors: Patrícia Oliveira da Silva
Published: September 2022

Com o desmatamento muitas espécies do cerrado estão quase ameaçadas de extinção, como é o caso de Hymenaea stigonocarpa. Conhecer a sua fenologia reprodutiva é importante para a conservação, manutenção e, se necessário, recuperação da espécie. Dessa forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar e descrever a fenologia reprodutiva de H. stigonocarpa em fragmento de cerrado sensu stricto, em Rio Verde, Goiás. Para tanto, foram marcados 30 indivíduos para serem registradas mensalmente as fenofases reprodutivas: botão, antese, fruto imaturo e maduro. Para a coleta de dados, utilizaram-se os métodos de intensidade de Fournier e de presença/ausência. H. stigonocarpa emitiu botões na transição do período seco para o chuvoso de forma sincrônica e correlacionou-se com a precipitação, temperatura máxima e média. A antese floral foi sincrônica e positivamente correlacionada com a precipitação, temperatura média e mínima. A produção de frutos teve início no período chuvoso, a maturação ocorreu no período seco e correlacionou-se com a precipitação, a temperatura média e mínima. H. stigonocarpa floresce com a chegada da chuva e seus frutos amadurecem na seca, sendo essas estratégias que aumentam seu sucesso reprodutivo.
Diversidade de Coleoptera em cadáveres humanos na região nordeste de Santa Catarina
Authors: Carla Fabiana Bonfanti  , Anderson Gaedke  , Denise Monique Dubet da Silva Mouga
Published: September 2022

Os estudos de Entomologia Forense no Brasil têm sido feitos principalmente com modelos animais. Pesquisas com cadáveres humanos são escassas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o levantamento da entomofauna de Coleoptera que habita cadáveres humanos em decomposição. A área de estudo abrangeu seis municípios do nordeste do estado de Santa Catarina, os quais são atendidos pelo Instituto Geral de Perícias de Joinville. Efetuaram-se coletas em nove corpos, de setembro de 2016 a abril de 2017, estando quatro em período de coloração, dois em coliquativo, dois em esqueletização e um em saponificação. Obtiveram-se 257 exemplares de sete famílias da ordem Coleoptera: Silphidae (210); Staphylinidae (22); Histeridae (7); Hydrophilidae (5); Scarabaeidae (5); Carabidae (4); Cleridae (4). Em relação a carcaças animais, verificaram-se menor diversidade da coleopterofauna habitante de cadáveres humanos e similaridade nas famílias mais representativas. Foram notadas diferenças de riqueza entre os períodos de decomposição e a exclusividade de algumas espécies em cada período, apontando para uma sucessão ecológica no cadáver. A espécie Oxelytrum discicolle, em função de sua ampla abundância e presença em todos os fenômenos transformativos observados, constitui indicador de valor forense.
Panorama da comunicação e da educação ambiental desenvolvidas nas Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural de Santa Catarina
Authors: Jeniffer Cristine de Sena  , Raquel Elisa da Silva Meneghelli
Published: September 2022

As Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural (RPPNs) constituem Unidades de Conservação com particularidades únicas. Identificar de que forma a educação ambiental e a comunicação são realizadas pelas RPPNs localizadas em Santa Catarina e avaliá-las sob o olhar das ações constantes nas diretrizes da Estratégia Nacional de Comunicação e Educação Ambiental em Unidades de Conservação (ENCEA) é o objetivo deste trabalho. A coleta de dados ocorreu em setembro e outubro de 2018, pela aplicação de questionário aos responsáveis. Dos 49 municípios que contam com RPPNs, 57% foram representados no questionário. Das 80 RPPNs de Santa Catarina, apenas 27% responderam aos questionários. Das RPPNs participantes, somente 40% dispõem de plano de manejo; 35% possuem visitação como uma das atividades permitidas em sua lei de criação ou plano de manejo; 50% não têm estrutura para receber visitantes; 65% não possuem educação ambiental como uma das atividades permitidas em sua lei de criação ou plano de manejo; 45% não se comunicam com seu público externo; 35% não se comunicam com a comunidade de seu entorno. A visitação, a educação ambiental e a comunicação desenvolvidas permitiram ter um panorama dessas ações.
Relação hipsométrica para povoamento de Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan em Dois Vizinhos, Paraná
Authors: Sandra Mara Krefta  , Veridiana Padoin Weber  , Sandiane Carla Krefta  , Danieli Regina Klein  , Kemely Alves Atanazio  , João Vitor Frigeri  , Luana Maria dos Santos  , Erick Martins Nieri  , Mariane Moura Andrade
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar e verificar o comportamento da relação hipsométrica de um povoamento de Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan, situado no município de Dois Vizinhos, Paraná. Para tanto, foram mensuradas todas as árvores do povoamento com circunferência à altura do peito maior que 15 cm, exceto as de borda. Para cada indivíduo, determinaramse a altura total, a circunferência à altura do peito e o diâmetro à altura do peito. Com os dados coletados, ajustaram-se nove modelos hipsométricos por meio do procedimento de análise de regressão (PROC REG) no software Statistical Analysis System (SAS), versão 9.3. Dos modelos testados, foi selecionado o melhor deles por intermédio dos resultados de coeficiente de determinação ajustado, coeficiente de variação, valor de F calculado e análise gráfica dos resíduos. O modelo escolhido foi o de Curtis, notado por: ln (h) = 2,83601 – 5,26255. (1/DAP), com coeficiente de determinação ajustado de 0,6479, coeficiente de variação de 6,33% e valor de F de 720,54.
Biometria de frutos e sementes de Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill. (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Danilo Diego de Souza  , Noelly Bastos Cavalcante
Published: September 2022

Jatropha mollissima (pinhão-bravo) é uma planta endêmica do bioma caatinga. A espécie é considerada de grande importância em áreas semiáridas, pois tem o papel de colonizar áreas degradadas e apresenta usos na medicina popular, além de ter importância na indústria. Características biométricas de frutos e sementes são importantes para a distinção de espécies. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as características biométricas de frutos e sementes de J. mollissima em condições do sertão pernambucano. Para avaliação biométrica, determinaram-se as dimensões (comprimento, largura e espessura) de 200 frutos e 200 sementes com auxílio de paquímetro digital. O comprimento médio dos frutos das populações amostradas foi de 2,14 cm, a largura de 2,12 cm e a espessura de 2,16 cm. Com relação às sementes, encontraram-se os seguintes valores: 1,27 cm de comprimento, 0,84 cm de largura e 0,66 cm de espessura. Observou-se baixa variação entre os caracteres analisados, proporcionando uma boa estimativa do comportamento médio das populações analisadas, cujas características podem auxiliar na identificação da espécie em trabalhos futuros.
Potencial fisiológico de sementes de pimentão condicionadas com diferentes doses de ácido salicílico
Authors: Bedin Flavia , Neumann Silva Vanessa
Published: September 2022

O condicionamento de sementes pode ser interessante para hortaliças. Objetivou-se no presente trabalho avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de ácido salicílico no condicionamento fisiológico de sementes de diferentes cultivares de pimentão. Utilizaram-se sementes dos cultivares All Big e Ikeda, e as doses de ácido salicílico de: 0, 0,1, 0,2 e 0,4 (mM). Após o condicionamento, as sementes foram avaliadas quanto a: porcentagem e velocidade de germinação; germinação em estresse salino; crescimento de plântulas em condições normais e em estresse salino; envelhecimento acelerado. Verificou-se que o condicionamento fisiológico de sementes de pimentão tem efeitos diferenciais para os cultivares All Big e Ikeda. Para o cultivar All Big, o condicionamento fisiológico com 0,35 mM de ácido salicílico é eficiente para promover melhoria no potencial de germinação. O condicionamento fisiológico de sementes de pimentão com ácido salicílico não promove melhorias na velocidade de germinação e no comprimento de plântulas, para ambos os cultivares analisados, em condições normais, e para todas as variáveis testadas em meio salino. O condicionamento fisiológico de sementes de pimentão com 0,4 mM de ácido salicílico promove maior germinação de sementes após o envelhecimento acelerado para o cultivar Ikeda, contudo sem efeitos positivos no cultivar All Big.
Conhecimento de profissionais de Odontologia sobre violência doméstica
Authors: Denise Cremonezzi Tornavoi  , Rodrigo Galo  , Ricardo Henrique Alves da Silva
Published: September 2022

Introdução e objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento de cirurgiões-dentistas graduados entre os anos 1998 e 2009 pela Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (Forp-USP) ante o tema violência doméstica contra crianças, mulheres e idosos. Material e métodos: Foram aplicados questionários objetivos a 180 sujeitos da pesquisa com posterior análise estatística dos dados. Resultados: A maioria dos entrevistados nunca atendeu algum paciente vítima de violência doméstica ou suspeitou de alguém e não se sente apta a fazer diagnóstico de maus-tratos. Em contrapartida, 45% denunciariam maus-tratos contra criança às autoridades competentes e nos casos de violência contra mulher e idoso, nesta ordem, 69% e 40% conversariam com a vítima. Os desvios entre as respostas obtidas nos diferentes anos de conclusão do curso não foram estatisticamente significantes. Conclusão: Apesar dos avanços observados nessa área do ensino de graduação, o cirurgião-dentista ainda necessita desenvolver competências e habilidades no que se refere ao tema violência doméstica, tanto no diagnóstico quanto nas condutas a serem seguidas.
Evaluation of the methodology in publications describing epidemiological design for dental research: a critical analysis
Authors: Telmo Oliveira Bittar  , Cláudia Elisa Campos Esmeriz  , Luciana Fernandes Volpato  , Cristina Gibilini  , Zuleica Maria Almeida Pedroso Meneghim  , Fabiana de Lima Vazquez  , Marcelo de Castro Meneghim  , Antonio Carlos Pereira
Published: September 2022

Introduction and objective: To describe, analyze, and critically review the methodology employed in dental epidemiological research available on electronic databases, evaluating their structures according to Strobe and Consort initiative. Material and methods: ISI Web of knowledge, Scopus, and Pubmed electronic databases were selected for literature research, gathering publications in dental epidemiological area using the following designs: cross-sectional, cohort, case-control, descriptive, experimental, and quasi-experimental. Subsequently, five specific dentistry journals were selected and had their abstracts content analyzed under Strobe and Consort statement criterion. Results: From a universe of 10,160 articles from Pubmed (the greatest number), only 3,198 could be classified according to their epidemiological design by the electronic database searching tool. The most common designs were cross-sectional, cohort, case-control, descriptive, experimental and quasi-experimental publications, showing a tendency towards occurring bias and confounding factors in literature research due to missing words in papers structure. Even though Consort and Strobe initiatives have been accomplished since 2001 and 2004 respectively, some publications are not suitable for their checklist. Conclusion: Consort and Strobe statements must be strengthened by dental journals, editors and reviewers to improve the quality of the studies, attempting to avoid any sort of bias or confounding factors in the literature research performed by electronic database.
Evaluation of the dentin remaining after flaring using Gates Glidden drills and Protaper rotary files
Authors: Bruno Carvalho-Sousa  , José Ribamar Costa-Filho  , Fábio de Almeida-Gomes  , Cláudio Maníglia-Ferreira  , Eduardo Diogo Gurgel-Filho  , Diana Santana de Albuquerque
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The application of rotary instruments for root canal preparation requires a safe, not harming procedure to the root structure remaining. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the root thickness in 28 mesial canals of lower permanent first molars before and after flaring using two rotary instruments: Gates-Glidden drills and ProTaper rotary files. Material and methods:Teeth were embedded into a muffle system. Samples were obtained by cutting 2mm below the furcation. The images were captured by a digital video system (8X and 12X magnification). For image analysis and processing, Pro-Image Plus 4.1 software was used. Each image captured by the computer was gauged, eliminating any possible distortion. Gates-Glidden drills were used in decreasing order of size (GG#4, GG#3, GG#2). ProTaper was used according to the manufacturer’s recommendations, with hand-piece powered by an electric motor with low torque. 5.25% sodium hypochlorite was utilized as irrigant. Results: The average thickness between the canal and furcation before and after use of rotary instruments were: 0.857 mm and 0.561 mm for Gates-Glidden drills, and 0.858 mm and 0.486 mm for ProTaper, respectively. No statistical differences were found in the root thickness of specimens shaped with ProTaper rotary files and Gates Glidden drills. Conclusion:The use of Gates-Glidden drills is as safe as ProTaper rotary files with respect to danger of perforation on the distal side of the mesial roots of lower molars.
Accuracy of oral exfoliative cytology in Sudanese patients undergoing oral biopsy
Authors: Ali Mahmoud M. Edris  , Hussain Gadelkarim Ahmed  , Hussain Gadelkarim Ahmed
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Early detection of a premalignant or malignant oral lesions promises to improve the survival and the morbidity of patients suffering from these conditions. Oral exfoliative cytology (OEC) is a non-invasive method that is well accepted by the patient, and is therefore, suitable for screening at-risk population for early diagnosis of oral cancer. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of OEC in the detection of oral premalignant and malignant lesions. Material and methods: In this hospital-based case-control study, cytological scrapes from buccal mucosa were obtained from 100 individuals, of whom 50 were patients with oral lesions ascertained as “cases” and 50 were clinically healthy volunteers ascertained as “controls”. All patients with oral lesions were also subjected to oral biopsy and histological examination. Results: Out of 50 cases studied, histopathology showed the presence of: Oral squamous cell carcinoma OSCC (n = 28), leukoplakia (n = 8), dysplasia (n = 3), and benign normal lesions (n = 11). In cytology, a specificity of 100%, sensitivity of 93% and accuracy of 92% were obtained for OSCC. Leukoplakia gave a specificity of 100%, a sensitivity of 87.5%, and an accuracy of 95%. Conclusion: Despite the small number of cases in this study, OEC is a useful method for detecting oral premalignant and malignant lesions. OEC can detect a number of pathological conditions that require management.
Human identification analysis using PCR from the root portion of dental elements under different conditions of temperature and exposure time
Authors: Ricardo Henrique Alves da Silva  , Rodrigo Quiezi  , Claudia Danielli Pereira Bertolacini  , Suzana Papile Maciel Carvalho  , Kellen Cristina da Silva Gasque  , Carina Thais de Almeida-e-Silva  , Lucilene Arilho Ribeiro Bicudo
Published: September 2022

The main exogenous factors limiting the retrieval of information from human remains are fire and accidents involving high temperatures. Teeth, due to their relatively high degree of chemical and physical resistance, offer the possibility for the recovery of genetic material, becoming important in forensic cases. With the aim to contribute to a standardization of the protocols employed in DNA extraction and analysis, it was evaluated the integrity of DNA recovered from dental roots submitted to high temperatures, simulating what happens to burnt people. Material and methods: Extractions of genomic DNA were made from the dental root after exposure to high temperatures (600ºC, 800ºC and 1000ºC), during 10, 30 and 60 minutes. Results and conclusion: After molecular analysis through PCR technique, it was verified that DNA amplification of the samples was not possible at any of the periods and temperatures analyzed.
Hospital Dentistry: a proposal of new discipline
Authors: Alessandra Nogueira Porto  , Alex Semenoff Segundo  , Álvaro Henrique Borges  , Tereza A. Delle Vedove Semenoff  , Fábio Pedro de Miranda
Published: September 2022

The implementation of educational and preventive oral health procedures in a hospital is fundamental for undergraduates, both for the opportunity of interaction with other health professionals and for the individual and collective growth. This promotes the student’s human and professional formation because it enables the patient’s oral health care within a complete treatment. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the educational practices (teaching, research, extension and service) in the Hospital Dentistry Course of the School of Dentistry, University of Cuiabá. This first experience led to curriculum change and the creation of a new discipline: Hospital Dentistry. Development: The procedures of tertiary oral health experienced by Dentistry teachers and undergraduates provided the material of this study. The methodological procedures of this new discipline insertion comprised technical-administrative and academic actions aiming to establish a new curriculum in Dentistry Course. For this purpose, actions of exchange and dialogue between the School of Dentistry and the University Hospital managers were executed. The strategy resulted in the insertion of Dentistry undergraduates within this new area of educational practice, involving qualified individuals to organize the discipline. Also, the recognition of other health area professionals was achieved, who realized the importance of dental knowledge in tertiary treatment as a necessary component to avoid complications to the patients, once dental problems affect the patient’s quality of life and imminent risk of death.
Editorial
Authors: Adriane Cristina Kasprowicz
Published: September 2022

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Tobacco cessation: what role can dental professionals play?
Authors: Abhishek Mehta  , Gurkiran Kaur
Published: September 2022

Tobacco dependence is classified as a disease by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), but, medical and dental professionals have neither seriously taken this fact nor made any serious attempt to tackle this disease. Apart from supporting wider tobacco control measures, oral health professionals can help patients to stop using tobacco. This may be the single most important service dentists can provide for their patients’ overall health. Objective: This review is prepared with the object to help both clinicians and oral health professionals to scale up their involvement in tobacco control activities, including advocacy and smoking cessation programs. Literature review: Studies have shown that � �� smokers indicate that they want to quit, but a meagre 2% succeed. The dental practice setting provides a unique opportunity to assist tobacco users in achieving tobacco abstinence. Still, More than 40% of dentists do not routinely ask about tobacco use and 60% do not routinely advise tobacco users to quit, while 61.5% of dentists believe their patients do not expect tobacco cessation services. Conclusion: Interventions by dentist has been found to be effective in helping people to quit tobacco consumption. A step-wise approach and patience must be adopted while dealing with such patients.
FAM83G-based Peptide Induces Apoptosis on Cultured Liver Cancer Cell
Authors: Okada Junichi , Yamada Eijiro , Saito Tsugumichi , Okada Kazuya , Yamada Masanobu , Ohshima Kihachi , Okada Shuichi
Published: September 2022

Background:

Previously, AF-956, which contains S356 of FAM83G and an N-terminal
antenna peptide for entry into colon cancer cells, is markedly antiproliferative compared to a control
peptide (AF-859), which lacks the N-terminal antenna peptide, by inducing apoptosis via the
inhibition of HSP27 phosphorylation at residues S15 and S82.

Objective:

Because FAM83G-derived peptides are promising lead compounds for colon cancer
treatment, we reanalyzed the effect of AG-066, which contains S356 of FAM83G and an N-terminal
antenna peptide for entry into the liver cancer cells.

Methods:

HepG2 liver cancer cells were incubated with either AF-859 or AG-066 at a concentration
of 54 μM at 37 °C for 24, 48, and 72 h. The effects of AF-859 and AG-066 on the cultured HepG2
cells were estimated using an inverted light microscope. Furthermore, the DNA ladder method and the
dead cell assay were performed by applying Live/Dead Cell Staining Kit II. Erk phosphorylation was
estimated by western blotting.

Results:

Treatment with AG-066 markedly reduced HepG2 viable cell counts compared to the AF-
859-treated HepG2 cells, as evident from the significantly increased number of dead cells in the
culture medium. Additionally, AG-066 treatment increased cellular DNA laddering. We found no
difference in Erk phosphorylation status between the AG-066- and AF-859-treated groups.

Conclusion:

This study illustrated that the peptide with a structure based on FAM83G functions as a
spontaneous apoptosis inducer for liver cancer cells. Hence, it is a promising lead compound for the
treatment of liver cancer.
Antiviral Activity of Bee Products
Authors: Kontogiannis Theodoros , Dimitriou Tilemachos G. , Didaras Nikos Asoutis , Mossialos Dimitris
Published: September 2022

Honey bees provide many products exerting a wide range of benefits to humans. Honey, propolis,
royal jelly, beeswax, bee venom, bee pollen and bee bread have been used as natural medicines since ancient
times because of their therapeutic effects. These products have demonstrated healing properties against wounds,
diabetes, gastrointestinal diseases, cancer, asthma, neurological diseases, bacterial and viral infections. The antibacterial
and antibiofilm activity of honey bee products is widely studied, and a huge body of evidence supports
it. On the other hand, their antiviral effect has not been extensively studied. However, recent research has
demonstrated their potential against various viral infections including SARS-CoV-2. Hence, honey bee products
could be alternatives to treat viral diseases, especially when there is no effective treatment available. This
narrative review aims to present up-to-date data (including ongoing clinical trials) regarding the antiviral activity
of honey bee products, aiming to elucidate how honey bee product supplementation contributes to antiviral
treatment.
The Medicinal Plant Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.: Botanical Description,
Traditional use, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology
Authors: Hop Nguyen Quang , Son Ninh The
Published: September 2022

Background:

Hairy agrimony (Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.) is a traditional medicinal plant
widely used in Eastern Europe and Eastern Asia. The plant is harvested as it comes into flower and
could be dried for later usage. Hairy agrimony has been traditionally introduced to treat sore throat,
abdominal pain, headache, mucoid dysentery, bloody and white discharge, parasites, and eczema.

Objective:

Since the 1950s, various experimental reports relating to phytochemical and pharmacological
aspects have been observed, but an overview is now not available. The current paper emphasizes
on in-depth information about the botanical description, traditional use, phytochemistry, and
pharmacology.

Methods:

The collection of previous research is basically dependent on the reliable resources Sci-
Finder, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, reputation publishers, and thesis books.

Results:

A. pilosa was found to contain a variety of chemical classes. To date, more than 160 secondary
metabolites have been separated, and the derivatives type flavonoids, phloroglucinols, tannins,
isocoumarins, and triterpenoids are the main components. A. pilosa crude extracts and their
isolates set a broad panel of pharmacological values, including anti-cancer, anti-microbial, antivirus,
anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, anti-osteosarcoma, anti-aging, anti-nociception,
anti-adipogenesis, anti-leishmaniasis, estrogenic-like activity, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective
activities, and vascular relaxation.

Conclusion:

In vitro and in vivo results also successfully explained the pharmacological mechanisms
of A. pilosa constituents. More bioassay-guided phytochemical and clinical studies are necessary.
An Update on Non-invasive Approaches for Genetic Testing of the Preimplantation Embryo
Authors: Kakourou Georgia , Mamas Thalia , Vrettou Christina , Traeger-Synodinos Joanne
Published: September 2022

Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) aims to reduce the chance of an affected pregnancy
or improve success in an assisted reproduction cycle. Since the first established pregnancies in 1990,
methodological approaches have greatly evolved, combined with significant advances in the embryological
laboratory. The application of preimplantation testing has expanded, while the accuracy and
reliability of monogenic and chromosomal analysis have improved. The procedure traditionally employs
an invasive approach to assess the nucleic acid content of embryos. All biopsy procedures require
high technical skill, and costly equipment, and may impact both the accuracy of genetic testing
and embryo viability. To overcome these limitations, many researchers have focused on the analysis
of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) at the preimplantation stage, sampled either from the blastocoel or embryo
culture media, to determine the genetic status of the embryo non-invasively. Studies have assessed the
origin of cfDNA and its application in non-invasive testing for monogenic disease and chromosomal
aneuploidies. Herein, we discuss the state-of-the-art for modern non-invasive embryonic genetic material
assessment in the context of PGT. The results are difficult to integrate due to numerous methodological
differences between the studies, while further work is required to assess the suitability of
cfDNA analysis for clinical application.
Assessment of Mineralized Nitrogen During Maize Growth Succeeding Different Winter Cover Crops in the Mediterranean Environment
Authors: Perdigão Adelaide , Pereira José L. S. , Moreira Nuno , Trindade Henrique , Coutinho João
Published: September 2022

Background:

Understanding soil nitrogen (N) dynamics is essential to find alternative N sources and improve N use efficiency in agriculture.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to assess N mineralization rates from residues of winter cover crops, during maize crop season, under Mediterranean conditions.

Methods:

A field experiment was carried out from May to September in central Portugal, with four replications, two sowing dates of cover crops (15/10/2011 and 29/11/2011) and three cover crops residues (balansa clover, ryegrass and yellow lupine) that were incorporated in the soil. Plots were cropped with local maize and net N mineralization was measured during the crop cycle, using soil cylinders placed inside micro-perforated polyethylene bags.

Results and Discussion:

Early sowing of the cover crops residues increased the NH4+ and NO3- contents in the soil. Yellow lupine residue had the highest rate of daily N mineralization (0.71 mg N kg-1 day-1). For all treatments, the highest mineralization rate was found in the last incubation period, ranging between 0.78 mg N kg-1 day-1 and 1.84 mg N kg-1 day-1, both for balansa clover, from the second and the first sowing date, respectively.

Conclusion:

The present study suggests that, under Mediterranean field conditions, cover crops residue of Italian ryegrass, balansa clover and yellow lupin can be used as a nitrogen source namely for sustainable maize crops.
Assessing Adoption of DNA Barcoding in Herbal Value Chain: A Multistakeholder
Analysis
Authors: Sally Rahayu Yen Yen
Published: September 2022

Due to its accuracy and expert-authenticated validation mechanism, DNA barcoding technology
is advocated to be superior to existing methods of species identification. While DNA barcoding
is generally viewed as valuable innovation in herbal materials authentication, the acceptability and
accessibility issues pose a barrier to its uptake into the global herbal regulatory framework. We explore
the current status of DNA barcoding technology for quality assurance of herbal materials/
products (HM/P) and the challenges of its formal adoption into multi-level policy. We discuss the
adulteration problem in the HM/P value chain, provide an overview of DNA barcoding technology
features, and highlight the current use of DNA barcoding from the perspective of four key stakeholders,
i.e., epistemic group, international bodies, governments, and market agents, practicing DNA barcoding
technology in the HM/P value chain. The discussion also includes the status of DNA barcoding
in the control system of HM/P in the US, EU, and China, and provides some recommendations on how
the application of DNA barcoding as quality control/assurance can be deployed in the HM/P value
chain.
Logic Circuits Reliability Analysis using Signal Probability and Bayesian
Network Concepts
Authors: Jahanirad Hadi
Published: September 2022

Background:

Reliability analysis of logic circuits has been widely investigated due to
increasing fault occurrence in modern integrated circuits. Simulation-based and analytical methods
are developed to estimate the reliability of logic circuits.

Methods:

In this paper, a signal probability-based method is presented to estimate the reliability of
logic circuits. In the proposed approach, four signal probabilities (correct 0, correct 1, incorrect 0,
and incorrect 1) are derived (for every node of the circuit) using a probabilistic transfer matrix
(PTM), and the correlation coefficients (CCs) are deployed to resolve the reconvergent fanouts issues.
The CCs are defined in a fanout cone and are propagated through the logic gates to the related
reconvergent nodes. The Bayesian network concept is applied to achieve more accuracy in the
propagation of CCs through the logic gates.

Results:

The accuracy and scalability of the proposed method are proved by various simulations on
benchmark circuits (ISCAS 85, LGSynth91, and ITC99). The proposed method efficiently solves
the reconvergent fanout problem. Moreover, the proposed method outperforms the previous methods
regarding accuracy and scalability.

Conclusion:

Simulation results on ISCAS 85, LGSynth91, and ITC99 benchmark circuits show
less than 3% average error compared with the accurate simulation-based fault injection method.
Withdrawal Notice: Evaluation of the Toxic Effects of Bothrops jararacussu
Snake Venom on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos and Larvae
Authors: Marchi-Salvador Daniela Priscila , da Silva Layssa Gualberto , Nascimento dos Santos Pedro Gabriel , Ribeiro Souza Juliana Alves Costa , Martins Rafael Xavier , de Abreu Oliveira Pierri Emanoel , Farias Davi Felipe
Published: September 2022

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors and editor of the journal Venoms and Toxins due to incoherent
content.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

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How to Generate the Superiority Evidence for Endoscopic Surgery for Common Lumbar Degenerative Conditions
Authors: Lewandrowski Kai-Uwe , Ramírez León Jorge Felipe , Yeung Anthony
Published: September 2022

Endoscopic spinal surgery affords the patient simplified and less
burdensome spine care. Its superiority over open decompression surgeries has been
long debated, and the current evidence is incomplete. The innovators and proponents of
this procedure carry the burden of proof. The targeted endoscopic treatment of common
spinal pain generators produces higher perioperative patient satisfaction than traditional
spine surgery. This chapter discusses conventional spine surgery research's pros and
cons of employing patient-reported outcome measures (PROM). They offer an
alternative approach to establishing a better value proposition with the endoscopic
versus open spinal surgery - the concept of durability analysis.
Potential Sources of Biodegradable Polymers
Authors: Singh Sudarshan , Chunglok Warangkana
Published: September 2022

Synthetic polymers are an important class of pharmaceutical excipients that contribute significantly to the fabrication of different dosage forms. However, due to biodegradability concerns, the highly publicized disposal problem of traditional oilbased thermoplastics with a detrimental effect on the environment, has promoted the search for alternative biodegradable polymers. Biodegradable polymers are an ecofriendly, economic, and safe alternative to synthetic polymers due to their biodegradable nature and the source of origin. Biopolymers and biomaterials are available in abundance with different pharmaceutical and medical applications including drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering, imaging agents, etc. Moreover, biopolymers possess certain specific properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low antigenicity, functionality to support cell growth, and proliferation with appropriate mechanical strength. Biopolymers are obtained from sustainable natural resources and animal processing co-products and wastes. Polysaccharides such as cellulose and starch represent the major characteristics of the family of these natural biopolymers, while other biodegradable polymers such as bacterial cellulose and sericin are also used to develop biodegradable materials. Recent advancements and development in the field of natural polymers have opened up new possibilities for the rational engineering of natural gums and mucilage towards the expansion of functional excipients suitable for industrial and medical applications. This chapter highlights the potential sources of novel biodegradable polymers with recent expansion in the processing of different novel natural polymers to develop multifunctional excipients and valorization of waste biomass to produce biopolymers.
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications of Bio-Based Excipients
Authors: Singh Sudarshan , Chunglok Warangkana
Published: September 2022

The success of an active pharmaceutical depends on how efficiently and precisely the polymeric dosage form can deliver it for effective treatment. Polymers are recognized as inactive pharmaceutical excipients and the backbone of the drug delivery system that plays an essential role in the design of dosage forms. Biodegradable polymer-based drug delivery system has gained significant attention among researchers and manufacturers in the last few decades, compared to synthetic non-biodegradable and their analog polymers. Synthetic biodegradable biopolymers demonstrate excellent efficacy in the design and development of drug delivery that enables the incorporation of active pharmaceuticals into the body. Despite the wide effectiveness of currently available polymers in the design of drug delivery systems, the quest for biocompatible, biodegradable, and easily accessible novel polymers with multifarious applications is still protractile. Due to safety and regulatory approval requirements in the development of novel inactive pharmaceuticals, the introduction of new excipients is much limited. However, the development of bio-based polymers with modification as required could be a valuable way to address the problem associated with synthetic polymers. In this chapter, an overview has been presented on the various applications of bio-based polymers ranging from oral conventional drug delivery to reduction and capping of metallic materials. Moreover, details are presented on the technology-based use of biopolymers in the fabrication of modified oral drug delivery, microneedles, packaging film, and biogenic synthesis of metallic nanoparticles.
Propriedades físicas e mecânicas de compósitos de cimento reforçados com fibra de curauá (Ananas erectifolius)
Authors: A.M. Weber  , A. Matoski  , L. Cechin  , R.B. Tokarski
Published: September 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é a caracterização de compósitos cimentícios com reforço de fibras longas de curauá. Estes compósitos são constituídos de matriz cimentícia composta por cimento CP V-ARI, areia, água e superplastificante. A substituição de materiais como o cimento por reforços de materiais naturais como a fibra de curauá se tornam objetos de pesquisa por reduzirem o custo, serem biodegradáveis, gerarem baixa energia em sua produção e possuírem propriedades como baixa densidade e capacidade de isolamento térmico e acústico. Para a produção dos compósitos laminados, foi determinada a influência da fração volumétrica de fibras no compósito em teores de adição de 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% e 20%. Como metodologia moldou-se o compósito em cinco camadas, intercalando três camadas de matriz cimentícia e duas camadas de reforço de fibra de curauá. Os ensaios avaliaram o comportamento físico e mecânico dos compósitos em diferentes dias (7, 28 e 90 dias). Observou-se que o teor de fibra de curauá de 10%, com essa metodologia, apresentou resultados compatíveis à referência com relação à resistência à flexão aos 90 dias, sendo indicado dessa forma a cura dos painéis por 90 dias para aplicação. E a redução na massa específica dos painéis foi possível, de forma significativa, com as adições acima de 10% de fibra de curauá.
Criação de componente de fôrma industrializada de pilar através de uma plataforma BIM
Authors: L.B. Sales  , I.L. Salomão  , E.C.R. Ponte  , L.A. Rodrigues
Published: September 2022

No mercado brasileiro, são poucas as construtoras que possuem um projeto bem detalhado e preciso de fôrmas, resultando em desperdícios, falta de planejamento e atrasos. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi incorporar os preceitos da Modelagem da Informação da Construção (BIM) no produto fôrma industrializada de pilar, que devido a sua complexidade, a sua representação gráfica no CAD 2D é carente de informações e requer muito tempo no seu desenvolvimento. Pode-se dizer que os benefícios mais imediatos do BIM é a maior eficiência e produtividade na documentação do projeto, que através dos parâmetros, informações do projeto são geradas de forma automática e mais precisa. O processo de modelagem priorizou o desempenho do componente em vez da sua aparência, tendo como referência alguns manuais e normas nacionais e internacionais. Antes da modelagem propriamente dita, foi realizado um planejamento da família, em seguida, utilizou-se um programa paramétrico, para que se pudesse inserir as famílias aninhadas, parâmetros, regras e vínculos no editor de famílias. O projeto em BIM se mostrou eficaz quanto a sua automatização e geração de quantitativos no projeto, porém, por ser ainda um produto novo no mercado brasileiro, carente quanto a atribuição de informações para planejamento 4D, para manutenção e para logística.
HIGHLIGHTING THE POTENTIAL OF KAMPUNG KUCHAI, IPOH, PERAK THROUGH A HERITAGE TRAIL
Authors: Mat Nayan Nadiyanti , Mohd Hussain Nur Huzeima , Ahmad Suriati , S. Jones David , Salleh Ismail Hafiz
Published: September 2022

Kampung Kuchai was founded in 1900 by Toh Puan Saripah Rodziah and her husband; Seri Adika Raja Wan Mohammad Salleh. It is claimed that the Kampung Kuchai settlement was the starting point of the City of Ipoh. During its glorious time, Kampung Kuchai comprises a house of worship (mosque), Malay mansions, rows of shophouses, schools, and a government clinic. Hence, to restore the identity of Kampung Kuchai, this project applied a cultural heritagebased trails approach to identifying elements left in this kampong by using site observation and questionnaire survey. The site observation shows that some buildings and spaces are still worth conserving. The survey conducted among the local visitors of the Old Town of Ipoh helps to identify the visitors’ favourable needs in establishing a successful heritage trail of Kampung Kuchai. Through appropriate actions taken from all parties involved and considering findings gained by the surveys, the heritage assets of Kampung Kuchai will consistently be recognized and appreciated. Introducing a new heritage trail of Kampung Kuchai could help promote the culture and uniqueness of this place.
ASSESSING CRITICAL RISK FACTORS FOR HERITAGE CONSERVATION PROJECTS IN COMPLIANCE WITH NATIONAL HERITAGE ACT 2005 (ACT 645)
Authors: Baharuddin Mohd Nurfaisal , Bahardin Nur Fadhilah , Harun Siti Norlizaiha , Abd Manap Muhammad Daniel , Ab Rashid Mohd Sabrizaa
Published: September 2022

The Malaysian government has consistently highlighted the significant value of historical buildings as one of the goals of sustainability initiatives. The heritage sites, locals, culture even assets are well preserved, highly valued, and renowned globally. However, significant risks and uncertainties have created challenges to heritage conservation projects. This paper aims to establish a Critical Risk Factors for Heritage Conservation Project in Malaysia and its relationship with National Heritage Act 2005. A quantitative research approach is used to achieve the two objectives towards attaining this aim. First, a systematic literature review is used to determine the critical risk factors for a heritage conservation project in a way to identify a significant risk involved in a heritage conservation project and finally to establish critical risk factors for a heritage conservation project in compliance with National Heritage Act 2005 (Act 645). For this paper, the only second objective was discussed. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that fifteen (15) most critical risk factors could enhance heritage conservation projects at every stage in building a conservation framework. Usually, most of the critical risk factors can be mitigated prudently with the compliance of Section 40 (1) – (6), National Heritage Act 2005 (Act 645), focusing on the planning permission for Heritage sites.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MALAY CULTURAL HERITAGE CENTER: KAMPUNG KUCHAI, IPOH, PERAK
Authors: Zakaria Ahmad Zamil , Alauddin Kartina , Sazali Muhamad Ferdhaus , Hassan Norasikin
Published: September 2022

In Ipoh, Perak, there is a place called Kampung Kuchai. It was a dense settlement with the Malay community at one time. The presence of this area reveals that the Malays have lived in Ipoh for a long time. The question is why the Kampung Kuchai area is not developed like other areas. This study was conducted to raise the potential of Kampung Kuchai as a Malay cultural heritage centre. The study aims to improve the identity of the Malay community and demand the importance of preserving the nation's culture. The researchers have chosen Kampung Kuchai as a case study by conducting site observations and interviewing several respondents who know the area. The strength of this area is not only in the development based on the nation's culture but also in implementing the development of goodwill by highlighting the diversity of building architecture, culture, and local way of life. The researchers found that this area has excellent potential to be developed as a Malay Heritage Center because of its strategic location. It has sufficient resources for developing traditional villages and local historical storytelling, a new tourism product in the Ipoh City Council area.
HUMAN NEEDS FULFILLMENT: THE CONTRIBUTING FACTORS OF HUMAN FLOURISHING
Authors: Abu Bakar Aisyah , Mohamed Osman Mariana
Published: September 2022

Human Flourishing (HF) and Maslow's hierarchy of human needs are examined in this paper. Issue: The human needs hierarchy is not a zero-sum concept. The hierarchy of needs does not necessitate that people have to fully fulfil one need before moving on to the subsequent need. Recognizing human needs that are meaningful in promoting SWB, in this instance human flourishing, is crucial to comprehending the hierarchy's relevance. Purpose: This article seeks to examine the degree of human flourishing in Malaysia in relation to the difficulty and convenience of meeting human needs. Approach: Using Mann Whitney U-Tests, the median of HF across the difficulty and convenience of satisfying 24 human needs was determined. These human needs are the necessities and life conditions for which people typically and substantially strive for. Findings: The ease at which the majority of human needs may be satisfied substantially raises HF. In addition, the findings revealed that satisfying four human needs for which HF did not vary was unlikely to affect HF. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs classified these four needs as biological and physiological needs, safety and security needs, belonging and love needs and self-actualization needs.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN MALAYSIA
Authors: M Suaree Nur Atheefa Sufeena , Syed Abdul Kader Sharifah Zubaidah , Mohamed Osman Mariana , Abdul Manaf Zati Ilham
Published: September 2022

Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is an assessment tool that assess the social effects of infrastructure and major projects and is conducted in many countries, including the United States, Australia, Canada, India, South Africa, New Zealand, and Japan. Malaysia requires such form of assessment for projects deemed to have social implications prior to obtaining planning permission from the local planning authorities. The requirement of the submission of SIA report as part of planning permission requirement necessitates from section 20B (2) of the Town and Country Planning Act 1976. Based on several studies, there are several legal issues arises from the SIA approval process, affecting various stakeholders. As such, this research aims to analyse the implementation of SIA from the Malaysia’s policy and legal perspective using qualitative method of systematic literature review and content analysis. Analysis of literatures show that the SIA framework in Malaysia can be improved as to make the process of SIA approval to be more effective.