bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Treatment of Interphalangeal Joint Fracture Dislocations with the Pin and Rubber Method
Authors: Sayer Gokhan , Karaman İbrahim , Türk Cemil
Published: December 2024

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of interphalangeal joint injuries treated with the pin-and-rubber method and to determine the effectiveness of this treatment method.
Material and Method: Patients aged 18 years or older who presented with injuries of the interphalangeal joints of the hand and were treated with the pin-and-rubber method were included in the study. Patients with open fractures, multiple finger injuries, or those who underwent open surgery were excluded. Total of 32 interphalangeal joint injuries were evaluated retrospectively. Eight of those patients declined to participate in the study and the final analysis included 24 fingers of a total of 24 patients. Age, sex, injured finger, type of injury, and time until treatment were recorded for all patients. Union was evaluated based on joint radiographs from patients final follow-up appointments. For the evaluation of functional results, joint range of motion was measured with a finger goniometer and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (DASH) and visual analog scale (VAS) scores were evaluated.
Results: The median age of the analyzed patients was 30 (18-69) years. The most frequent mechanism of injury was fall (52.4%) and the most frequent injured finger was the fourth. The median follow-up duration for these patients was 25 (16.25-31.75) months. The median DASH score was 4.16 (0.00-7.50) and the median VAS score was 4 (0.00-8.00). The median range of motion of the proximal interphalangeal joint was 90° (80.00-98.75°), while that of the distal interphalangeal joint was 55° (36.25-80.00°). Union was achieved in all cases. Condylar fractures were observed in two patients over the course of follow-up.
Conclusion: The treatment of interphalangeal joint fractures or fracture dislocations by the pin-and-rubber method was confirmed to be an easily applicable and effective treatment method that does not cause a significant loss range of motion.
ANTOINE BERMAN’IN BİÇİM BOZUCU EĞİLİMLERİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE 91. SONE ÇEVİRİLERİ
Authors: Bozkurt Eshabil
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada William Shakespeare’in 91. Sone’sinin beş çevirisi Antoine Berman’ın biçim bozucu eğilimleri çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Shakespeare’in sonesi “KM”, François Victor Hugo’nun çevirisi “EM-1”, Muallim Nâci’nin çevirisi “EM-2”, Mehmed Nâdir’in çevirisi “EM-3”, Saadet Bozkurt ve Bülent Bozkurt’un çevirisi “EM-4”, Talât Sait Halman’ın çevirisi ise “EM-5” olarak gösterilmiştir. 91. Sone EM-1, EM-2 ve EM-3’e düzyazı şeklinde, EM-4 ve EM-5 ise şiir şeklinde aktarılmıştır. EM-1, EM-4 ve EM-5’in İngilizceden, EM-2 ve EM-3’ün ise aradilden çevrildiği saptanmıştır. Berman’ın eğilimlerine ilişkin bilgi verildikten sonra inceleme bölümünde KM ve EM’ler bir tablo halinde sunulmuş ve EM’lerdeki eğilim örnekleri belirlenmiştir. Şiirin düzyazı şeklinde çevrilmesinden dolayı ilk üç EM’de biçimsel eğilimler ve EM’lerin tamamında da anlamsal eğilimler tespit edilmiştir. En az eğilim EM-1’de, en çok eğilim ise EM-2 ve EM-3’te görülmüştür. Bazı eğilimlerle ilgili hiçbir örneğe rastlanmazken en fazla görülen eğilim mantıksallaştırma ve uzatma eğilimleri olmuştur. Çalışmanın sonunda yazınsal çeviride biçim bozucu eğilimlerden kaçınılamayacağı ortaya konmuştur.
Bahar, Melankoli ve Sait Faik
Authors: Keflioğlu Engin
Published: December 2024

Türk hikâyeciliği, bireyin içsel dünyasına yönelen anlatıları ve toplumsal gerçeklikleri ele alan eserleriyle edebiyat dünyasında önemli bir yer edinmiştir. 20. yüzyılın başlarında modern Türk hikâyeciliği, olay örgüsünden ziyade bireyin ruhsal yolculuklarına odaklanan, duygu ve düşünce dünyasını merkeze alan bir anlatım tarzıyla dikkat çekmeye başlamıştır. Bu çerçevede, Sait Faik Abasıyanık, insan doğası ve sıradan yaşantıları derinlemesine işleyen hikâyeleriyle Türk edebiyatında kendine özgü bir yer edinmiştir. Sait Faik’in eserlerinde, günlük yaşamın basit görünen anlarında bireyin yaşadığı içsel dönüşümler, doğayla kurduğu ilişkiler ve bu ilişkilerin ruhsal yansımaları ön plandadır. Bu makale, Sait Faik Abasıyanık’ın dört önemli hikâyesinde baharın nasıl bir tema ve sembol olarak kullanıldığını incelemektedir. “Kalorifer ve Bahar”, “Baharı Aramak”, “Bir Sonbahar Akşamı” ve “Bir İlkbahar Hikâyesi” adlı eserlerde bahar, karakterlerin içsel dünyalarındaki dönüşüm, melankoli ve varoluşsal farkındalığın bir yansıması olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, baharın yalnızca mevsimsel bir olay değil aynı zamanda ruhsal yenilenme, kayıplara duyulan özlem ve varoluşsal farkındalık simgesi olduğunu göstermektir. Heidegger’in zamansallık kavramı, Freud’un yas ve melankoli teorileri ve Bachelard’ın mekânın şiirselliği üzerine düşünceleri, bu çözümlemede temel teorik arka planı oluşturarak, Sait Faik’in eserlerindeki doğa ve insan ilişkisini derinlemesine anlamamıza olanak sağlamaktadır.
Evaluasi Efektivitas Regulasi Ketenagakerjaan dalam Melindungi Hak Upah Pekerja yang Dirumahkan Akibat Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Riza Iskandar Shafa Athaya , Lie Gunardi
Published: December 2024

Evaluasi Efektivitas Regulasi Ketenagakerjaan dalam Melindungi Hak Upah Pekerja yang Dirumahkan Akibat Pandemi COVID-19 merupakan penelitian yang mengkaji dampak pandemi terhadap hak-hak pekerja di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai sejauh mana regulasi yang ada mampu melindungi hak upah pekerja dalam situasi krisis. Menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, studi ini menganalisis berbagai regulasi ketenagakerjaan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun telah ada upaya regulasi, implementasinya menghadapi tantangan signifikan. Ketidakjelasan interpretasi, keterbatasan finansial perusahaan, dan lemahnya pengawasan menjadi faktor utama yang menghambat efektivitas perlindungan hak pekerja. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan perlunya revisi regulasi, penguatan sistem pengawasan, dan pengembangan mekanisme perlindungan yang lebih adaptif untuk menghadapi situasi krisis. Rekomendasi meliputi klarifikasi regulasi, peningkatan dialog sosial, dan pengembangan sistem jaminan sosial yang lebih komprehensif untuk meningkatkan ketahanan sektor ketenagakerjaan Indonesia di masa mendatang.
Seismic Resilience in Kota Kinabalu: Ground Response and Liquefaction Risk Assessment for Existing Buildings
Authors: Idros Nurfarahin Mohd , Kamarudin Fatin Najiha , Taip Azira Abu Abdul
Published: December 2024

Seismic considerations have become increasingly critical in Malaysian structural design due to heightened awareness following notable earthquakes, such as the Ranau earthquake, which recorded a peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 0.15g. This has led to the adoption of the Malaysia National Annex to Eurocode 8 (MS EN 1998-1:2015), providing guidelines for earthquake-resistant design since 2017. This study focuses on: (1) establishing earthquake design response spectra for Kota Kinabalu. (2) Assessing soil liquefaction susceptibility. (3) Investigating potential ground settlement due to liquefaction. The ground response analysis methodology involves: (i) obtaining ground motion data. (ii) Analyzing dynamic soil characteristics from boreholes. (iii) Conducting 1-D shear wave propagation analysis using DEEPSOIL software. (iv) Developing site-specific response spectra. For liquefaction assessment, the process includes acquiring borehole logs, evaluating liquefaction risk, and estimating settlement using LiquefyPro software. The study projects a seismic response spectrum for Sabah with a PGA of 0.16g, reflecting regional seismic hazards. An amplification factor between 3 and 5 is expected based on site-specific conditions. Liquefaction risk is concluded to be minimal, as borehole data and historical evidence indicate low susceptibility in Sabah. These findings provide valuable insights for improving seismic resilience in the region and contribute to the development of safer infrastructure designs aligned with Malaysian standards.
Small and Close-in Planets are Uncommon Around A-type Stars
Authors: Giacalone Steven , Dressing Courtney D.
Published: December 2024

The Kepler and K2 missions enabled robust calculations of planet occurrence rates around FGKM-type stars. However, these missions observed too few stars with earlier spectral types to tightly constrain the occurrence rates of planets orbiting hotter stars. Using TESS, we calculate the occurrence rate of small (1 R
⊕ < R
p < 8 R
⊕), close-in (P
orb < 10 days) planets orbiting A-type stars for the first time. We search a sample of 20,257 bright (6 < T < 10) A-type stars for transiting planets using a custom pipeline and vet the detected signals, finding no reliable small planets. We characterize the pipeline completeness using injection–recovery tests and determine the 3σ upper limits of the occurrence rates of close-in sub-Saturns (4 R
⊕ < R
p < 8 R
⊕), sub-Neptunes (2 R
⊕ < R
p < 4 R
⊕), and super-Earths (1 R
⊕ < R
p < 2 R
⊕). We find upper limits of 2.2 ± 0.4 sub-Saturns and 9.1 ± 1.8 sub-Neptunes per 1000 A-type stars, which may be more than 3× and 6× lower than Kepler-era estimates for Sun-like stars. We calculate an upper limit of 186 ± 34 super-Earths per 1000 A-type stars, which may be more than 1.5× lower than that for M dwarfs. Our results hint that small, close-in planets become rarer around early-type stars and that their occurrence rates decrease faster than that of hot Jupiters with increasing host star temperature. We discuss plausible explanations for these trends, including star–disk interactions and enhanced photoevaporation of planet atmospheres.
Accuracy of Stellar Mass-to-light Ratios of Nearby Galaxies in the Near Infrared
Authors: Kim Taehyun , Kim Minjin , Ho Luis C. , Li Yang A. , Jeong Woong-Seob , Kim Dohyeong , Kim Yongjung , Lee Bomee , Lee Dongseob , Lee Jeong Hwan , Pyo Jeonghyun , Shim Hyunjin , Son Suyeon , Song Hyunmi , Yang Yujin
Published: December 2024

Future satellite missions are expected to perform all-sky surveys, thus providing the entire sky near-infrared spectral data and consequently opening a new window to investigate the evolution of galaxies. Specifically, the infrared spectral data facilitate the precise estimation of stellar masses of numerous low-redshift galaxies. We utilize the synthetic spectral energy distribution (SED) of 2853 nearby galaxies drawn from the DustPedia (435) and Stripe 82 regions (2418). The stellar mass-to-light ratio (M
*/L) estimation accuracy over a wavelength range of 0.75−5.0 μm is computed through the SED fitting of the multiwavelength photometric data set, which has not yet been intensively explored in previous studies. We find that the scatter in M
*/L is significantly larger in the shorter and longer wavelength regimes due to the effect of the young stellar population and the dust contribution, respectively. While the scatter in M
*/L approaches its minimum (∼0.10 dex) at ∼1.6 μm, it remains sensitive to the adopted star formation history model. Furthermore, M
*/L demonstrates weak and strong correlations with the stellar mass and the specific star formation rate (SFR), respectively. Upon adequately correcting the dependence of M
*/L on the specific SFR, the scatter in the M
*/L further reduces to 0.02 dex at ∼1.6 μm. This indicates that the stellar mass can be estimated with an accuracy of ∼0.02 dex with a prior knowledge of SFR, which can be estimated using the infrared spectra obtained with future survey missions.
Io’s SO2 and NaCl Wind Fields from ALMA
Authors: Thelen Alexander E. , de Kleer Katherine , Cordiner Martin A. , de Pater Imke , Moullet Arielle , Luszcz-Cook Statia
Published: December 2024

We present spatially resolved measurements of SO2 and NaCl winds on Io at several unique points in its orbit: before and after eclipse and at maximum eastern and western elongation. The derived wind fields represent a unique case of meteorology in a rarified, volcanic atmosphere. Through the use of Doppler shift measurements in emission spectra obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array between ~346 and 430 GHz (~0.70–0.87 mm), line-of-sight winds up to ~−100 m s−1 in the approaching direction and >250 m s−1 in the receding direction were derived for SO2 at altitudes of ~10–50 km, while NaCl winds consistently reached ~∣150–200∣ m s−1 in localized regions up to ~30 km above the surface. The wind distributions measured at maximum east and west Jovian elongations and on the sub-Jovian hemisphere pre- and posteclipse were found to be significantly different and complex, corroborating the results of simulations that include surface temperature and frost distribution, volcanic activity, and interactions with the Jovian magnetosphere. Further, the wind speeds of SO2 and NaCl are often inconsistent in direction and magnitude, indicating that the processes that drive the winds for the two molecular species are different and potentially uncoupled; while the SO2 wind field can be explained through a combination of sublimation-driven winds, plasma torus interactions, and plume activity, the NaCl winds appear to be primarily driven by the plasma torus.
A novel analytical treatment for the Ambartsumian delay differential equation with a variable coefficient
Authors: Alyoubi Rana M. S. , Ebaid Abdelhalim , El-Zahar Essam R. , Aljoufi Mona D.
Published: December 2024

The Ambartsumian delay differential equation with a variable coefficient is considered in this paper. An effective transformation is produced to convert the extended Ambartsumian equation to the pantograph model. Two kinds of analytical solutions are determined. The first solution is expressed as an exponential function multiplied by an infinite power series. The second solution is obtained as an infinite series in terms of exponential functions. Several exact solutions are established for different forms of the extended Ambartsumian equation under specific relations. In addition, the convergence analysis is addressed theoretically. Moreover, numeric calculations are conducted to estimate the accuracy. The results reveal that the present analysis is efficient and accurate and can be further applied to similar delay models in a straightforward manner.
The Alps-Adriatic Region – an “Area of Transition”: Doing In-Between in Travel Literature of the 19th Century
Authors: Holfelder Ute , Schemmer Janine , Frühwirth Christian , Brunner Gabriele
Published: December 2024

Based on travel literature, the article explores the ways in which the Alps-Adriatic Region of the 19th century was portrayed as a hybrid space characterised by doing in-between. It traces these features by analysing descriptions of trade relations and trade routes, mobile practices, multilingualism, and processes of cultural exchange. The paper highlights the multiple affiliations and multiple positioning of historical subjects, which go against the grain of a nationalising historiography.
Diplomatie et concurrences culturelles dans le Saint-Empire
Authors: Schick Sébastien
Published: December 2024

Cette contribution analyse les enjeux diplomatiques des mobilités culturelles dans le contexte du Saint-Empire romain germanique au XVIIIe siècle. Elle montre que le questionnaire traditionnel de la diplomatie culturelle, qui repose sur le modèle des monarchies centralisées, s’applique difficilement à l’espace germanique. Dans le cas des cours allemandes, en effet, la « diplomatie culturelle » ne consiste pas dans le fait de faire rayonner une production artistique ou des producteurs de biens culturels par leurs déplacements, mais plutôt de les capter à l’étranger afin que se distingue par la suite l’image renvoyée par la ville de résidence. L’étude du conflit qui naquit, dans les années 1750, entre les princes-électeurs palatin et de Cologne, au sujet de l’accueil d’une troupe de danseurs français, permet d’en faire la démonstration. L’enjeu de cette captation des danseurs en vint à s’inscrire au cœur des négociations diplomatiques entre Mannheim et Cologne, comme au cœur des préoccupations de la France alliée à ces deux cours allemandes.
Les reconfigurations de la protection diplomatique sous la Révolution
Authors: Martin Virginie
Published: December 2024

Si la période révolutionnaire a accentué la mobilité politique en grossissant le flux des exilés et des bannis, elle a aussi exacerbé les clivages entre les catégories du « national » et de l’« étranger » autour du critère cardinal de la citoyenneté. Elle a ainsi contribué à brouiller, sinon à dissoudre, les liens d’appartenance de ceux qui sont disqualifiés, en France, comme des « émigrés » et, à l’étranger, comme des « patriotes ». La reconfiguration des cibles et des modalités de la protection diplomatique française permet de prendre la mesure des enjeux et des effets de ces nouvelles catégorisations – entre ceux qui en bénéficient légalement en tant que « sujets de droit » (les citoyens français) ; ceux qui en sont exclus en tant que « a-citoyens » (les émigrés français) ; ceux, enfin, qui peuvent légitimement y prétendre en tant que candidats à ces droits (les patriotes étrangers).
Des valises diplomatiques aux cuisines de Stockholm
Authors: Bellamy Charlotte
Published: December 2024

Cette contribution se propose d’interroger sur la base d’une documentation archivistique précise le postulat du rayonnement culturel français dans l’Europe du XVIIIe siècle, dont les cuisines du Vieux Continent sont souvent présentées comme le reflet. L’itinéraire d’une soixantaine de professionnels de bouche français au sein de la Suède gustavienne entre 1772 et 1818 sert de cadre à l’étude. Les demandes de passeports émises par les diplomates présents à Stockholm ainsi que le contenu de plusieurs contrats de recrutement révèlent le rôle joué par les réseaux d’ambassade dans la captation et la fixation de ces étrangers en Suède. Le caractère proprement diplomatique ou individuel de ces mobilités est de la sorte questionné, ainsi que l’articulation entre leurs dimensions locale et internationale.
Tite-Live et la mise en scène de l'Histoire
Authors: Meunier Nicolas
Published: December 2024

Le conflit patricio-plébéien, aussi connu sous le nom de conflit des ordres, est un épisode majeur de l’histoire des débuts de la République romaine. La jeune cité de Rome est alors le théâtre d’un conflit social lancinant qui dura près de deux siècles et menaça l’existence même de la ville. Il aurait opposé, comme le nom qu’on lui a donné l’indique, les plébéiens en quête d’émancipation et de droits nouveaux, aux patriciens soucieux de préserver leurs prérogatives.Cet épisode déterminant pour la formation des institutions romaines nous est principalement connu grâce à une source littéraire : l’Ab Vrbe condita de Tite-Live. Dans son oeuvre, ce dernier ne se contente pas de relater les faits de manière objective et sans distorsion : il les met en scène et les interprète dans le cadre d’un récit soigneusement élaboré qui a souvent une finalité édifiante. Le conflit des ordres ne fait pas exception.Le présent ouvrage s’attache dès lors à décrypter et analyser les ressorts narratifs qui sous-tendent la représentation du conflit patricio-plébéien par Tite-Live, identifiant un schéma actantiel caractérisé par une dialectique de contrastes et montrant l’ampleur de la réélaboration de cet épisode majeur de l’histoire romaine.
Space-time matrix. Gravity and expansion of the Universe. Perpetum Creatio
Authors: Brehar Felix-Mircea
Published: December 2024

This hypothesis challenges the classic concept of space and time. Space is not a perennial and immovable physical concept but an evanescent occurrence of dark energy. Therefore, space should be continuously generated to maintain the physical reality of the universe. This continuous
space-generating phenomenon underlies the concept of time. Without the dark-energy-generating space phenomenon, the universe would collapse into a singularity. The P generating vector (time operator: Time/causality/entropy) is perpendicular to all space coordinates for all inertial reference
systems and determines the metric expansion of a closed universe. Therefore, we may consider light as the visual representation of the space-time matrix reconfiguration. This concept aims to explain both special and general relativistic physics. The hypothesis introduces a fundamental concept
called background tension of the universe (T) = H 0 cσ (ms−2), where H 0 is the Hubble constant, c is the speed of light, and σ is the tension transfer factor. According to this
theory, T determines the value of the gravitational constant (G). G is correlated with H 0 according to the formula G = H 0 cσ/4π. T is remarkably similar to the a0 constant from
MOND (modified Newtonian dynamics) physics, which predicts the rotation of galaxies. Another intriguing aspect of this theory is that it fits well with the universal principle of least action, as long as the “available” space required for any physical phenomenon to manifest in
a specific time frame is limited. Dark energy plays a fundamental role in this theory. This approach excludes the dark matter hypothesis and provides theoretical support for observational MOND physics.
Revisiting the Concept of Institutional Trust and Its Relevance for Teacher Well-Being
Authors: Solano-Silva Dante Junior
Published: December 2024

The chapter introduces the concept of institutional trust and its relevance for the subjective well-being of public-school teachers in Peru. Previous research has focused on trust among school members and their potential benefits for teachers' well-being at workplace. However, it is necessary to study teachers' trust towards the institutions that govern educational policies and their consequences on other aspects of their well-being. To address these gaps, data from the National Teachers Survey of Peru collected in 2016 and 2018 (N = 15,796) is used to study teachers' institutional trust. Factor analysis suggests these perceptions are configured in two dimensions: trust towards governance institutions and towards external organizations that promote teachers' rights. Regression models suggest that institutional trust is positive related to life satisfaction, self-esteem, job satisfaction at school, satisfaction with colleagues and principals. This research expands the current literature of trust on education in the Americas and developing contexts.
Bridging the Gap to Support Hispanic/Latino Students Throughout Their Educational Journey
Authors: Rodriguez Carlos E.
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the educational experiences of Hispanic and Latino students in the United States, highlighting the challenges and opportunities they encounter throughout their academic journey. It focuses on the importance of culturally responsive education, dual-language programs, and English as a Second Language (ESL) services in addressing language barriers while promoting bilingualism and academic achievement. The chapter also underscores the role of family engagement in fostering academic success, providing strategies for schools to create inclusive environments that involve Hispanic and Latino families. It addresses systemic inequities in access to advanced coursework and academic resources, emphasizing the need for equitable opportunities across states and school districts. Through evidence-based strategies and practical insights, this chapter equips educators and policymakers with tools to support Hispanic and Latino students from PreK through higher education, aiming to close achievement gaps and promote long-term academic success.
Enhancing Latina Pre-Service Teachers' Well-Being and Retention Through SEL
Authors: Mari Vanessa , Cuevas Monica G.
Published: December 2024

This chapter overviews the work completed with predominantly Latina pre-service teachers during a semester-long educator circle. The participants engaged in four social-emotional learning (SEL) sessions as part of the “Better You, Better Educator” initiative. Subsequently, the chapter discusses the impact of these Circles, including an overview of the qualitative data collected from the participants. This work focuses on Latina pre-service teacher wellness and balanced academic knowledge with social and emotional well-being. The initiative aimed to retain pre-service teachers by fostering connections, sharing experiences, building skills, and motivating one another to address their personal needs alongside their roles as future educators. Throughout the chapter, the reader will learn about this initiative, how to implement it, and how to further support Latina pre-service teachers
Mental Health and Its Importance in Supporting Hispanic and Latino Students
Authors: Quezada Cesar , Fuentes Fred
Published: December 2024

This chapter delves into the mental health challenges Hispanic and Latino students face, addressing key barriers such as cultural stigma, language barriers, and socioeconomic pressures. It emphasizes the role of educators and counselors in recognizing signs of mental health issues and providing culturally responsive support. Educators can play a pivotal role in supporting these students by fostering inclusive classrooms, engaging families in sensitive mental health discussions, and offering bilingual and culturally competent services. The chapter also discusses evidence-based interventions, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), school-based programs, and peer support initiatives, which have been shown to effectively promote mental well-being. Ultimately, this work underscores the importance of addressing both the structural and cultural factors affecting Hispanic and Latino students' mental health to create more equitable, supportive environments for their academic and personal success.
Condition Identification of Calcining Kiln Based on Fusion Machine Learning and Semantic Web
Authors: Guo Hua , Deng Shengxiang
Published: December 2024

The static control limits restrict self-healing capabilities and decision-making processes, impeding adaptability to the dynamic shifts in intricate industrial operations, frequently leading to suboptimal or anomalous conditions that undermine production efficiency. This paper presents a methodology for the identification of suboptimal operating conditions with respect to yield and quality. A GSR model for the identification of suboptimal operating conditions of yield and quality based on random forest classification was established. The experimental results demonstrate that the method is capable of rapidly and accurately identifying the production and quality of the calcining kiln. The identification accuracy of the yield and quality of the suboptimal operating conditions is 99.82% and 99.18% respectively. In the production process, real-time identification of operating parameters enables rapid detection of suboptimal operating conditions in yield and quality, providing the basis for optimal regulation and control, which in turn can improve production efficiency.
Variables in the projection of physician demand and supply in primary care
Authors: Kim Dae Hyun , Lee Yoonseo
Published: December 2024

Primary care services improve healthcare outcomes and limit unnecessary specialty care. Thus, it is essential to monitor primary care physician demand and supply projections to suggest evidence-based healthcare reforms and promote better healthcare delivery. This study evaluates 28 demand variables, 50 supply variables, and 26 additional variables associated with the demand and supply projections of physicians by reviewing scenarios from other countries, including Taiwan, Singapore, Japan, and the United States of America. The results indicate that Korea uses less diverse demand and supply indicators and suggest the need to implement variables used in the other four countries to improve projection modeling.
Medical treatment prior to micro-TESE
Authors: Dasgupta Sujoy , Le Thanh Sang , Rambhatla Amarnath , Shah Rupin , Agarwal Ashok
Published: December 2024

Except in cases of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, the use of medical therapy before microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) is controversial. In some studies, hormone therapy has been shown to improve the possibility of sperm retrieval during micro-TESE and even lead to the presence of sperm in the ejaculate in some cases, thereby obviating the need for micro-TESE. However, their routine use before micro-TESE in cases of nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) being associated with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and eugonadism (normogonadotropic condition) has not been supported with robust evidence. In this review, we discuss different types of medical therapy used before micro-TESE for NOA, their risks and benefits, and the available evidence surrounding their use in this setting.
Association of higher serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels with successful microdissection testicular sperm extraction outcomes in nonobstructive azoospermic men with reduced testicular volumes
Authors: Song Ming-Zhe , Ye Li-Jun , Xiao Wei-Qiang , Huang Wen-Si , Wen Wu-Biao , Dai Shun , Lai Li-Yun , Peng Yue-Qin , Wu Tong-Hua , Sun Qing , Zeng Yong , Cai Jing
Published: December 2024

To investigate the impact of preoperative serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels on the probability of testicular sperm retrieval, we conducted a study of nonobstructive azoospermic (NOA) men with different testicular volumes (TVs) who underwent microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE). A total of 177 NOA patients undergoing micro-TESE for the first time from April 2019 to November 2022 in Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China) were retrospectively reviewed. The subjects were divided into four groups based on average TV quartiles. Serum hormone levels in each TV group were compared between positive and negative sperm retrieval subgroups. Overall sperm retrieval rate was 57.6%. FSH levels (median [interquartile range]) were higher in the positive sperm retrieval subgroup compared with the negative outcome subgroup when average TV was <5 ml (first quartile [Q1: TV <3 ml]: 43.32 [17.92] IU l−1 vs 32.95 [18.56] IU l−1, P = 0.048; second quartile [Q2: 3 ml ≤ TV <5 ml]: 31.31 [15.37] IU l−1 vs 25.59 [18.40] IU l−1, P = 0.042). Elevated serum FSH levels were associated with successful micro-TESE sperm retrieval in NOA men whose average TVs were <5 ml (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.06 per unit increase; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.11; P = 0.011). In men with TVs ≥5 ml, larger TVs were associated with lower odds of sperm retrieval (adjusted OR: 0.84 per 1 ml increase; 95% CI: 0.71–0.98; P = 0.029). In conclusion, elevated serum FSH levels were associated with positive sperm retrieval in micro-TESE in NOA men with TVs <5 ml. In men with TV ≥5 ml, increases in average TVs were associated with lower odds of sperm retrieval.
Retinal optical coherence tomography changes as biomarkers for Parkinsonism duration and severity in the Kashmiri population
Authors: Mohammad Irtiqa , Rashid Sabia , Sanie Bashir A. , Ashraf Shubana , Raina Adnan F.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with motor and non-motor symptoms, including visual disturbances. The retina, being an extension of the central nervous system, may serve as a potential biomarker for PD and related disorders.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate retinal morphological changes using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with PD and atypical parkinsonian syndromes and to correlate these changes with disease duration and severity.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional study included 50 parkinsonian patients (37 idiopathic PD, 5 multiple system atrophy [MSA], 4 corticobasal degeneration [CBD], 4 progressive supranuclear palsy [PSP]) and 50 age-matched healthy controls. Retinal parameters, including central macular thickness, macular volume, ganglion cell layer–inner plexiform layer (GCL–IPL) complex thickness, inner plexiform layer to outer nuclear layer (IPL–ONL) thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, were assessed using OCT.

RESULTS:

The mean central macular thickness was significantly lower in cases (229.10 ± 36.61 μm) compared to controls (271.67 ± 19.03 μm) (P < 0.001). Macular volume was also lower in cases (8.91 ± 0.90 mm³) versus controls (9.21 ± 0.52 mm³) (P = 0.01). The GCL–IPL complex thickness (57.98 ± 20.22 μm vs. 86.93 ± 6.51 μm), IPL–ONL thickness (165.45 ± 13.74 μm vs. 174.06 ± 7.78 μm), and RNFL thickness (75.10 ± 23.12 μm vs. 94.51 ± 7.57 μm) were significantly lower in cases compared to controls (P < 0.001). Progressive supranuclear palsy patients had the lowest central macular thickness, macular volume, and GCL–IPL complex thickness, while corticobasal degeneration patients had the lowest IPL–ONL thickness, and multiple system atrophy patients had the most reduced RNFL thickness.

CONCLUSION:

This study demonstrates significant retinal morphological changes in parkinsonian patients, suggesting the potential use of the retina as a biomarker for PD and related disorders. Patients with PSP exhibited the most pronounced retinal changes, indicating diagnostic value. Further large-scale studies are warranted to establish the clinical utility of OCT in the management of these neurodegenerative conditions.
Olfactory dysfunction as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for movement disorders
Authors: Peyvandi Aliasghar , Khoshsirat Shahrokh , Bazgir Narges , Zaker Amirreza , Tahvildari Azin , Niknazar Somayeh , Mohammadi Sara , Salari Mehri
Published: December 2024

Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common nonmotor symptom observed in several movement disorders. The severity and pattern of olfactory impairment vary among these conditions. Notably, olfactory impairment often precedes the clinical diagnosis of movement disorders by several years, yet it remains frequently unrecognized by patients and physicians until formal olfactory tests are undertaken.

This review focuses on exploring OD across various movement disorders. A systemic search strategy incorporating key terms such as movement disorders, dystonic disorders, tic disorders, parkinsonian disorders, parkinsonism, ataxia, essential tremors, drug-induced akathisia, and olfaction disorders was employed to query databases including Embase, Scopus, and PubMed. After excluding irrelevant articles, 99 studies were selected for comprehensive review.

OD is a persistent feature across all movement disorders, with the exception of pseudo supranuclear palsy. Among these conditions, olfactory impairment is much more frequent and severe in patients with Parkinson’s disease.

Incorporating olfactory testing into the diagnostic evaluation of at-risk individuals or patients with established movement disorders is recommended. These olfactory tests offer a practical, cost-effective, and convenient diagnostic tool that may aid in the early identification and management of these conditions.
Binucleated Neuron as a Potential Histologic Marker of Neuroregeneration in Rat Sciatic Nerve Injury Model
Authors: Pryambodho Pryambodho , Dilogo Ismail Hadisoebroto , Tantri Aida Rosita , Aman Renindra Ananda , Senapathi Tjokorda Gde Agung , Ramli Yetty , Siregar Nuryati Chairani , Widyahening Indah Suci , Dewi Fitriya Nur Annisa
Published: December 2024

Background:

The rat sciatic nerve injury model is one of the most studied models for peripheral nerve injury. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to induce neuroregeneration in this rat model. The most common methods to quantify neuroregeneration in peripheral nerves include histomorphometric analysis of axonal count, length, and mean axonal area. However, histomorphometric analysis remains vague for dorsal root ganglion (DRG). It is known that binucleated neurons (BNs) are present in normal rat populations, increase following the transplantation of bone marrow-derived cells into the cerebellum, and disappear with inflammation. We propose a new potential histologic marker as a probable alternative to conventional axonal histomorphometric analysis for DRG in the Sprague Dawley rat sciatic nerve injury model.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 32 Sprague Dawley rats were involved in this study, 30 rats were subjected to sciatic chronic constriction injury (CCI) to develop a neuropathic pain model. The rats were randomized into two groups, which received intrathecal normal saline injection (NSI) or stem cell injection (SCI). Human MSCs were intrathecally delivered using ultrasound-guided injection, 7 days after ligation (D7). Samples of DRG were obtained from normal rats (n = 2), from both groups on day 0 (D0), day 14 (D14), and day 28 (D28) post-CCI, analyzing DRG structures of BN.

Results:

CCI causes neuropathic pain, confirmed using Von Frey at D7, D14, and D28. Histologically, neuroregeneration was observed starting from D14 and D28. Histomorphological analysis revealed BN present exclusively in the SCI group compared with the NSI group.

Conclusion:

BN may serve as a potential marker for early neuroregeneration in rat sciatic nerve injury models.
Analgesic Efficacy of Combined Adductor Canal and Popliteal Plexus Blocks Versus Adductor Canal Block Alone in Arthroscopic Knee Surgery: A Prospective, Double-Blinded, Randomized Trial
Authors: Behery Ghada Magdy , Fattoh Nadia Hassan , Abduallah Mohammad Ali Mohammad , Shaban Shimaa Elsaied Ibrahim
Published: December 2024

Background:

The currently accepted standard for improving knee stability and function is anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This study aimed to assess the postoperative analgesic efficacy of combining adductor canal (AC) and popliteal plexus blocks (PPB) to that obtained by using AC block (ACB) alone in arthroscopic ACLR.

Materials and Methods:

For elective arthroscopic ACLR, 110 male and female patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II, aged from 21 to 50 years, were randomly assigned to a double-blind, prospective trial. Patients were divided into two equal groups and given either ACB (15 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine) and PPB (15 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine) or ACB alone. Outcome parameters were 24-h morphine consumption, time-to-first rescue analgesia, and postoperative pain.

Results:

Group I used less morphine (6.45 ± 1.8 vs 11.22 ± 1.7 mg, P < 0.001) and required less time-to-first rescue analgesia (14.49 ± 2.27 vs. 13.64 ± 1.77 min, P = 0.030). At 12, 18, and 24 h, Group I had significantly lower postoperative pain scores (P = 0.007, 0.010, and 0.012, respectively) than Group II. Additionally, Group I also exhibited significantly less required time to be able to stand, walk, and exercise compared to Group II (P = 0.002, 0.013, and 0.035, respectively).

Conclusion:

ACB combined with PPB resulted in reduced morphine consumption, required less time-to-first rescue analgesia, exhibited lower postoperative pain scores, and required less time to rehabilitate compared to ACB alone.
Atraumatic Massive Left-sided Bochdalek Hernia in Adulthood: A Case Report
Authors: Ismail Muhamad Aizuddin Bin , Zainy Rhendra Hardy Mohamed , Adnan Syafiqah Binti
Published: December 2024

Bochdalek hernia, a rare congenital anomaly of the diaphragm, typically manifests in the pediatric population but can also occur in adults. In the adult population, it presents unique challenges in airway management due to the potential displacement of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity, resulting in compromised respiratory function. We report the case of a 61-year-old male with a massive left-sided Bochdalek hernia, presenting with upper abdominal pain. Imaging revealed an 8.7-cm defect in the left diaphragm, resulting in herniation of the abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity, causing a mediastinal and tracheal shift. Emergency surgical repair was conducted, requiring careful airway management, including the use of a bronchial blocker (BB) for lung isolation to safely reduce the herniated organs into the abdominal sac and repair the diaphragmatic defect. Though rare, the incidence of Bochdalek hernia in adults necessitates specific considerations for airway management due to its anatomical complexities and potential for respiratory function compromise. Successful management highlights the need for thorough preoperative planning and inter-team communication in such complex scenarios. This case demonstrates the challenges and critical considerations in managing adult Bochdalek hernia, emphasizing the importance of tailored airway management strategies and coordinated care to optimize patient outcomes in such rare disease cases.
A Comparative Double-blind Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Coconut Water and Honey as Cytological Fixatives for Oral Smears
Authors: Bordoloi Bharadwaj , Tandon Aanchal , Goswami Arunima , Roy Debojyoti , Srivastava Abhinav , Sharma Apoorva
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Ninety-five percent ethanol is the routinely used and standard cytological fixative. However, commercially available ethanol is expensive and not freely available in some institutions. There is always a search for an ideal alternative.

Aim and Objective:

In the present study, we evaluated 100% coconut water (CW) and 30% aqueous honey solution as cytological fixative at different time points and compared them with routinely used spray fixative of ethanol.

Materials and Methods:

Oral smears were prepared from 30 healthy volunteers, and a total of 270 smears were prepared. From each volunteer, 9 smears were prepared. One smear was fixed in ethanol, four smears were fixed in 100% CW and four in 30% aqueous honey solution. Of the four smears fixed in CW or honey, one smear was fixed for 15 min, one for 30 min, one for 45 min, and one for 1 h, respectively. The slides were dried and then the smears were stained with Papanicolaou staining. Slides were evaluated by two independent observers who were blinded to the procedures. The following parameters were evaluated – nuclear staining, cytoplasmic staining, cell morphology, clarity of staining, and uniformity of staining. Statistical analysis was done using post hoc pairwise comparison, and P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:

The results of the study showed that fixation with 30% aqueous solution of honey or 100% CW for more than 15 min yields useful and evaluable results.

Conclusion:

These readily available materials can be used as alternatives of alcohol in oral cytology.
Extrafollicular Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors: A Series of Five Rare Cases with an Insight into Its Clinicopathological Aspects
Authors: Ray Debarati , Sarangi Snehanjan , Bhattacharjee Tathagata , Ray Jay Gopal
Published: December 2024

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOT), first described by Steensland in 1905, are benign, slowly enlarging, nonaggressive, odontogenic epithelial neoplasms comprising 3%–7% of all odontogenic tumors. They tend to originate from the dental lamina remnants or the reduced enamel epithelium. Mutation at codon 12 of KRAS oncogene (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis. AOTs demonstrate three clinicopathological spectrums, namely follicular, extrafollicular, and peripheral. The extrafollicular AOTs are hypothesized to originate from a stimulus triggering the dental lamina remnants. While intraosseous follicular AOTs are fairly common (70.8%), the extrafollicular counterparts are infrequent (24%), and novel entities that may mimic other lesions due to the absence of tooth inside. Herein, we elucidate a series of five unique extrafollicular AOT cases with a relevant emphasis on its pathogenesis and clinico-radiological aspects. This report aims to add another significant record to the literature pertaining to the compilation of extrafollicular AOTs.
Surgeon’s perceptions and preferences in the management of idiopathic macular hole
Authors: Kumawat Devesh , Dave Vivek Pravin , Venkatesh Pradeep , Shanmugam Mahesh P , Nagpal Manish , Gupta Vishali , Bhende Pramod S , Babu Naresh , Narayanan Raja , Shroff Daraius ,   The Macular Hole Survey Study Group
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

The management of idiopathic macular holes (iMH) has evolved over time with various modifications in surgical approach. The study aimed to survey the surgeons’ preferences in the management of iMH in current times.

Design:

Cross-sectional descriptive survey.

Methods:

A 12-item questionnaire addressing the key aspects of iMH management was sent, between October 2022 to November 2022, by personal correspondence to 104 vitreoretinal specialists, actively practicing and performing iMH surgeries at various institutes in India. The responses were gathered till January 2023 and analyzed as per appropriate statistical methods.

Results:

Ninety-one retina specialists responded to the survey (response rate of 87.5%) with a median annual surgical load of 30 cases (range: 5–150). Most respondents had similar views on patient selection, combined phaco-vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane (ILM) staining, ILM peel initiation and propagation, tamponade, postoperative positioning, and prognostic factors. The preferred approach for peel initiation was “pinch and peel,” but “scrape and peel” was equally recommended for beginners. Most respondents considered iMH >600 microns in size as large and used additional surgical maneuvers for large and failed cases such as ILM flap, large flap, macular detachment, platelet-rich plasma application, and amniotic membrane graft. The three most important visual prognostic factors were duration, preoperative vision, and MH size.

Conclusions:

The practice of surveyed surgeons performing iMH surgery was uniform in several aspects. There is a need to create consensus on the preferred ILM peel technique among trainee surgeons, revisit the iMH size classification, and standardize the surgical approach as per hole size and characteristics.
Profile and outcomes of retinal artery occlusion: The underrealized need to expedite presentation
Authors: Kadam Yogita , Das Anthony V , Narayanan Raja , Balakrishnan Neelima , Telukunta Praneet , Takkar Brijesh
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical profile of retinal artery occlusion (RAO) and impact of presentation on visual outcomes.

Design:

A retrospective analysis of case files of 3070 patients with RAO was performed using electronic medical records.

Methods:

Demographic data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The differential distribution of risk factors of RAO with age was studied. Time to presentation and treatment effects were assessed using multivariate regression. Interaction plots were drawn to assess the impact of risk factors on outcomes.

Results:

Central RAO was the most common type (n = 2443, 77.11%), followed by branch RAO (n = 500, 15.78%), while combined retinal vascular occlusion and cilio-RAO were rare. Most of the patients (71.40%) were male and had unilateral (96.81%) affliction. Almost half presented within the fifth (24.85%) and sixth (21.4%) decades of life. Hyperhomocysteinemia had a higher association (1.95, P = 0.0019) with younger patients (<40 years), while hypertension (3.64, P < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (DM; 4.18, P < 0.001), and coronary artery disease (CAD) (4.26, P = 0.002) were significantly commoner in older patients. CAD (5.1%) and cerebrovascular disease (0.6%) were detected after ocular presentation in some patients. Embolus, though detected rarely (1%), was associated (60%) with serious systemic disorders. Early presentation (<6 h) was associated with better visual outcomes (mean log of minimum angle of resolution 1.8 ± 1.3 vs. 2.1 ± 1.3, P = 0.032). Neovascular glaucoma (2.14% overall) was twice more common in DM (P < 0.0004) and led to further vision loss. Visual improvement occurred in 10% of patients over follow-up.

Conclusion:

RAO occurs slightly earlier compared to coronary and cerebrovascular disorders and can precede their detection. Associated risk factors vary with the age of presentation. Presentation within 6 h needs facilitation for better outcomes and management.