bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Carbonatogenic Bacteria and Their Role in Enhancing the Stability of Biocrusts in Tropical Coral Islands
Authors: Chen Qiqi , Wang Lin , Li Jie , Li Qiqi , Su Hongfei , Mai Zhimao
Published: February 2025

Soil erosion is a serious environmental problem that leads to land degradation and ecological imbalance, thereby eliciting extensive and profound worldwide concern. Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) play a crucial role in soil stabilization; however, the underlying microbial enzymatic mechanisms remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to characterize carbonatogenic bacteria and investigate the role of their carbonic anhydrase-induced carbonate crystals in promoting soil shear strength within biocrusts. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the activity of carbonic anhydrase during biocrust formation and development (p < 0.05). A total of 35 strains exhibiting carbonic anhydrase activity were isolated from biocrusts, belonging to Actinomycetota, Bacillota, Pseudomonadota and Cyanobacteriota. The subsequent investigation revealed a positive correlation between the carbonic anhydrase activities of the strains and the shear strength during sand consolidation. Specifically, strain SCSIO19859, a type of cyanophyta, exhibited the highest carbonic anhydrase activity, of 1.50 U/mL. It produced 0.70 g/day of calcium carbonate and demonstrated a shear strength that was 6.09 times greater than that of the control group after sand consolidation for seven days of incubation under optimal conditions. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope analysis revealed that SCSIO19859 produced calcite and vaterite carbonates, which significantly increased the shear strength of the sand grains (p < 0.05). This study provides evidence for the ecological function of biocrusts in promoting soil erosion resistance from the perspective of carbonatogenic bacteria-derived carbonic anhydrase. The functional strains with carbonic anhydrase obtained from this study have significant potential applications in enhancing soil erosion resistance.
A Narrative Review of the Role of S-Glutathionylation in Bacteria
Authors: Federici Luca , Masulli Michele , De Laurenzi Vincenzo , Allocati Nerino
Published: February 2025

Protein glutathionylation is defined as a reversible, ubiquitous post-translational modification, resulting in the formation of mixed disulfides between glutathione and proteins’ cysteine residues. Glutathionylation has been implicated in several cellular mechanisms ranging from protection from oxidative stress to the control of cellular homeostasis and the cell cycle. A significant body of research has examined the multifaceted effects of this post-translational modification under physiological conditions in eukaryotes, with a particular focus on its impact on the development of various diseases in humans. In contrast, the role of glutathionylation in prokaryotic organisms remains to be extensively investigated. However, there has been a recent increase in the number of studies investigating this issue, providing details about the role of glutathione and other related thiols as post-translational modifiers of selected bacterial proteins. It can be concluded that in addition to the classical role of such thiols in protecting against cysteine oxidation and consequent protein inactivation, many more specialized roles of glutathionylation in bacterial pathogenicity, virulence, interspecies competition and survival, and control of gene expression are emerging, and new ones may emerge in the future. In this short review, we aim to summarize the current state-of-the-art in this field of research.
Application of Amplicon Metagenomics to Identify Fungal Pathogens in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Samples: Proof of Concept in Animals with Fungal Pathologies
Authors: Needle David B. , Reboul Guillaume , Mitchell Patrick K. , Rothenheber Derek , Marra Nicholas J. , Cronk Brittany D. , Patel Neeti G. , Goodman Laura B.
Published: February 2025

The identification of fungal pathogens in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues is an unmet need in human and animal medicine, and sequence-agnostic approaches are needed to identify emerging pathogens. Eleven FFPE biopsy specimens with etiologic diagnoses of fungal disease based on standard testing of paired fresh tissue samples were utilized here to evaluate metabarcoding approaches. The cases included tissues from three dogs, three cats, one box turtle, one goat, one common loon, and one gray tree frog. The diagnoses from the fresh tissues in these cases were Microsporum canis, Penicillium sp., Exophiala sp. (likely E. jeanselmei), Verticillium sp., Rhizopus sp., atypical Cryptococcus neoformans, Conidiobolus spp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Cryptococcus neoformans var grubii, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Fusarium solani, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Coccidiodes immitis, and Histoplasma capsulatum. We compared the ITS1 and 28S D1 rRNA gene genetic markers in combination with several bioinformatic strategies to identify fungal pathogens in the FFPE tissue samples, with a success rate of 9/11. These methods could allow diagnosticians who receive only FFPE tissues and see fungal pathogens to speciate the pathogens and could be of value in retrospective studies wherein FFPE tissue is the only archived tissue. Furthermore, these techniques could be of use to researchers investigating polymicrobial communities where DNA preservation is suboptimal.
Effects of Eucalyptus Essential Oil on Growth, Immunological Indicators, Disease Resistance, Intestinal Morphology and Gut Microbiota in Trachinotus ovatus
Authors: Lin Ziyang , An Shengzhe , Zhou Chuanpeng , Chen Yaqi , Gao Zhenchuang , Feng Juan , Lin Heizhao , Xun Pengwei , Yu Wei
Published: February 2025

Essential oils serve as potential additives that can enhance immune respons and disease resistance and regulate the gut microbiota of fish. Here, this research aims to identify the impacts of eucalyptus essential oil (EEO) on growth, liver antioxidative and immune parameters, resistance to Streptococcus iniae, intestinal morphology and gut microbiota in Trachinotus ovatus. All fish (initial weight: 26.87 ± 0.30 g) were randomly allocated to 12 floating cages (2.0 × 2.0 × 2.0 m3) with each cage containing 100 fish and fed for 30 days. Four diets were manufactured with the supplementation of varying levels of EEO (control and 5.0, 10.0, and 15.0 mL/kg) and were named CG, EEO1, EEO2 and EEO3, respectively. The results showed that EEO1 and EEO2 diets significantly increased WGR, thickness of the intestinal muscle layer, and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (V/C), while decreasing the intestinal crypt depth of T. ovatus (p < 0.05). Significantly increased activities of SOD and CAT and significantly reduced MDA levels were present in the EEO1 and/or EEO2 groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, the mRNA levels of nrf2, HO-1, GSH-Px, SOD, C4 and GR genes were significantly upregulated and the expression of keap1 and HSP70 genes were significantly downregulated within the EEO1 and EEO2 groups (p < 0.05). After challenge with S. iniae B240703 for 24 h, the bacterial load for five organs in the EEO2 group was less than that in the CG group (p < 0.05). In addition, the fish fed EEO1 and/or EEO2 diets had significantly lower abundances of pathogenic bacteria (Proteobacteria, Planctomycetota, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Pseudomonas and Blastopirellula) and a higher beneficial bacteria proportion (Firmicutes) than those fed the CG diets (p < 0.05). In conclusion, a moderate dietary m EO level (5.0~10.0 mL/kg) improved the growth and gut morphology, promoted liver immune response, enhanced resistance to S. iniae and modulated the gut microbiota of T. ovatus.
Pickering Emulsion-Based Gels with Halloysite as a Stabilizer: Formulation, Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Drug Release Studies
Authors: Froelich Anna
Published: February 2025

Lidocaine is an analgesic agent frequently incorporated in topical formulations intended for application in minor surgical procedures or relieving neuropathic pain associated with numerous conditions, including post-herpetic neuralgia or diabetic peripheral neuropathy. In this study, Pickering o/w emulsions with halloysite nanotubes as a stabilizing agent and lidocaine incorporated in the internal phase were formulated with the use of the Quality by Design (QbD) approach. The selected emulsions were transformed into semisolid gels with poloxamer 407 as a thickening agent, and investigated for rheological and textural properties, indicating the mechanical features of the obtained gels. Moreover, the obtained formulations were tested for lidocaine release with the use of vertical Franz diffusion cells in order to assess the relationship between the applied composition and potential clinical applicability of the analyzed gels. The obtained results indicate that the emulsion droplet diameter is affected mostly by the oil and halloysite contents. The yield stress points, hardness and cohesiveness values of the obtained gels increased with the oil content. The drug release rate seems to be affected mostly by the concentration of the active ingredient in the oil phase.
Transcriptome Analysis of Hybrid Progeny of Caucasian Clover and White Clover in the Early Stages of Rhizobia Infection
Authors: Zhu Peizhi , Wang Sijing , Cao Kefan
Published: February 2025

The hybrid progeny (1-1) resulting from the cross between Caucasian clover and white clover initially demonstrated an inability to fix nitrogen naturally via spontaneous nodulation. However, following inoculation with specific rhizobia strains derived from the Trifolium genus, successful nodulation and nitrogen fixation were observed in the 1-1 progeny, resulting in enhanced biomass production and adaptability. To explore in greater depth the mechanisms driving nitrogen fixation in these hybrid progeny, the inoculation was carried out using the dominant rhizobia strain (No. 5), isolated from Mengnong Clover No. 1. Root samples were collected at 3, 6, and 9 days post inoculation for RNA sequencing. A total of 1755 differentially expressed unigenes were identified between the control and treatment groups. KEGG pathway analysis highlighted key pathways associated with nodule nitrogen fixation. In combination with Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), several differentially expressed genes were identified, suggesting their potential contribution to nitrogen fixation. Noteworthy among these, the gene TRINITY_DN7551_c0_g1 in the Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway (MAP00940) emerged as a key candidate. This study offers valuable RNA-seq data, contributing significantly to the understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underpinning nodule nitrogen fixation in legumes, thereby laying a solid foundation for future investigations into the hybrid progeny of Caucasian and white clover crosses.
Association of Overnight Fasting Duration and Meal Frequency with Glucose and Lipid Metabolism During Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nakano Keiko , Tanaka Moeko , Nishihara Nao , Usui Yuriko , Yonezawa Kaori , Hikita Naoko , Tahara-Sasagawa Emi , Sasaki Satoshi , Nagamatsu Takeshi , Haruna Megumi ,   Tokyo Area Members of the J-PEACH Study Group as of 2019–2022
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Glucose and lipid metabolism during pregnancy are crucial for perinatal outcomes. Recently, chrono-nutritional factors have been partially identified as influencing pregnancy metabolism. This study aimed to investigate overnight fasting duration and meal frequency during pregnancy and to clarify their associations with glucose and lipid metabolism. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a university hospital in Tokyo, Japan, between February 2020 and June 2021. A self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate overnight fasting duration and meal frequency in 144 pregnant women in their second trimester. Nutrient intake was assessed using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Non-fasting blood samples were collected and analyzed for levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glycated albumin. Results: The mean ± standard deviation of overnight fasting duration was 12.1 ± 1.5 h, meal frequency was 3.8 ± 0.9 times per day, and glycated albumin level was 13.3 ± 1.0%. Multivariate analysis revealed that a longer overnight fasting duration was significantly associated with lower glycated albumin levels (β = −0.167, p = 0.030). Conclusions: These findings suggest that, in addition to meal content and quantity, overnight fasting may be effective in appropriately managing glycated albumin levels during the second trimester of pregnancy.
Meat Consumption and Depression: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Luque-Martínez Andrea , Ávila-Jiménez Ángel Francisco , Reinoso-Espín Ángela , Araújo-Jiménez Miguel Ángel , Martos-Salcedo Cynthia Raquel , González-Domenech Pablo , Jiménez-Fernández Sara , Martínez-Ruiz Virginia , Cano-Ibáñez Naomi , Rivera-Izquierdo Mario
Published: February 2025

Background: Several original studies have reported an inconsistent association between low meat consumption (e.g., vegetarian diets) and the risk of depression. The aim of this study was to quantify the relationship between low meat consumption and depression, identifying possible sources of heterogeneity and the potential role of psychosocial variables. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed and reported according to PRISMA guidelines through a comprehensive search in Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsychInfo databases from inception to January 2024 (PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42023405426). The exposures analyzed were (1) a meat-free diet and (2) a flexitarian (low-meat) diet. The outcome was depression. The meta-analysis included twenty longitudinal observational studies. Forest plots were designed, and heterogeneity was analyzed through I2 statistic and subgroup analyses. Publication bias was assessed through funnel plots and Egger’s test. Results: The pooled overall analysis showed a protective association (HR: 0.74, 95%CI: 0.59–0.89, I2 = 53.9%) between meat-free consumption and depression, which was consistent in the group of highest-quality studies. The main sources of heterogeneity identified were study quality, study design, year and country of publication, gender inequality in the country, and adjustment for certain variables (including social variables). The association between flexitarian diet and depression (HR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.81–0.99, I2 = 58.9%) was not consistent between subgroups. Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis show a consistent protective association between meat-free diets and depression and an inconclusive association regarding flexitarian diet. Primary studies analyzing psychosocial variables are needed to explain these results.
Consumer Perceptions of Artificial Sweeteners in Food Products, Consumption Frequency, and Body Mass Index: A Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Jurcevic Zidar Branka , Knezovic Zlatka , Pribisalic Ajka , Luetic Sanja , Jurcic Katarina , Knezovic Nina , Sutlovic Davorka
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Artificial sweeteners are commonly used food additives that provide sweetness without calories. Once considered harmless due to their lack of metabolism, recent studies suggest that they may have unintended effects, potentially stimulating appetite and increasing food intake, leading to weight gain. This study aimed to assess consumer perceptions of artificial sweeteners in food, examine consumption frequencies of products containing them, and explore their potential influence on body mass index. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using two voluntary and anonymous surveys administered via Google Forms. Results: The study included 649 participants: 324 parents of preschool and school-aged children and 325 university and secondary school students. A substantial proportion of parents (59.3%) recognized artificial sweeteners as common sugar substitutes in beverages like juices, soft drinks, and protein drinks. Awareness was notably higher among students (88.9%). While most participants held a negative attitude toward artificial sweeteners, their awareness and engagement with food label reading were low. Multivariate linear regression identified significant associations: Male gender (β = 1.17, p < 0.001) and older age (β = 0.42, p < 0.001) were associated with higher BMI. Additionally, participants who rarely or never consumed carbonated soft drinks had a lower BMI (β = −1.48, p = 0.039), while those who occasionally consumed snacks had a higher BMI (β = 0.51, p = 0.039). Conclusions: This research underscores the urgent need for public health initiatives addressing misconceptions, raising food label reading practices, while encouraging healthier consumption habits through educational campaigns. Additionally, the study’s insights will help assess the potential cumulative health impacts of artificial sweetener intake.
Generation of Population-Level Diversity in Anaplasma phagocytophilum msp2/p44 Gene Repertoires Through Recombination
Authors: Barbet Anthony F. , Allred David R. , Crosby Francy L.
Published: February 2025

Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a tick-borne Rickettsiales, causes an emerging disease among humans and animals called granulocytic anaplasmosis. The organism expresses an immunodominant surface protein, MSP2/P44, that undergoes rapid antigenic variation during single infections due to gene conversion at a single genomic expression site with sequences from one of ~100 transcriptionally silent genes known as “functional pseudogenes”. Most studies have indicated that the predominant gene conversion mechanism is the insertion of complete central variable regions (CVRs) into the msp2/p44 expression site via homologous recombination through 5′ and 3′ conserved regions. This suggests that it is possible that persistent infections by one strain may be self-limiting due to the exhaustion of the antigenic repertoire. However, if there is substantial recombination within the functional pseudogene repertoires themselves, it is likely that these repertoires have a high rate of change. This was investigated here by analyzing the repertoires of msp2/p44 functional pseudogenes in genome-sequenced A. phagocytophilum from widely different geographic locations in the USA and Europe. The data strongly support the probability of recombination events having occurred within and between msp2/p44 repertoires that is not limited to the 5′ and 3′ conserved regions of the CVR, greatly expanding the total potential variation. Continual variation of msp2/p44 repertoires is predicted to aid the organism in overcoming existing immunity in the individual and causing superinfections among immune populations, and this may facilitate the adaptation of the microorganism to infect and cause disease in different species.
Enhancing Polypropylene Biodegradability Through Additive Integration for Sustainable and Reusable Laboratory Applications
Authors: Samneingjam Kanittika , Mahajaroensiri Juthamas , Kanathananun Maysinee , Aranda Cristina Velasco , Muñoz Mario , Limwongsaree Somchoke
Published: February 2025

The environmental challenges posed by laboratory plastic waste, particularly single-use items, underscore the urgent need for sustainable alternatives. This study investigated the development of reusable and biodegradable labware, addressing both functional and environmental demands. The content of the biodegradable additive in the polypropylene (PP) varied from 1% to 2% by weight via twin-screw extrusion, followed by injection molding to fabricate test specimens. Three different grades of PP were also compared. Optical, mechanical, and thermal properties were systematically assessed before and after repetitive autoclave sterilization for up to 10 cycles (121 °C, 15 min, 0.11 MPa). Additionally, cytotoxicity following electron beam irradiation (E-Beam 25 and 50 kGy) was evaluated in compliance with ISO 10993-5, alongside biodegradability studies conducted under ASTM D5511 conditions. The results demonstrate that the biodegradable additive stabilized the appearance and enhanced the flexural and impact strengths of PP without compromising thermal stability, particularly after five autoclave cycles. Cytotoxicity assays confirmed the biocompatibility of the additive-modified PP, while biodegradability tests indicated moderate degradation, with 12% biodegradation achieved over 6 months compared to negligible degradation in the negative control. These findings highlight the potential of additive-modified PP as a sustainable solution for reusable labware, balancing durability with improved environmental performance and providing a viable step toward more sustainable laboratory practices.
An Intelligent Method for Real-Time Surface Monitoring of Rock Drillability at the Well Bottom Based on Logging and Drilling Data Fusion
Authors: Ma Dexin , Yang Hongbo , Yang Zhi , Liu Junbo , Zhang Hui , Weng Chengkai , Lv Haifei , Lv Kunhong , Zhou Yuting , Qin Cheng
Published: February 2025

The accurate prediction and monitoring of rock drillability are essential for geomechanical modeling and optimizing drilling parameters. Traditional methods often rely on laboratory core experiments and well logging data to evaluate rock drillability. However, these methods can only obtain core samples and sonic logging data in drilled wells. To enable the real-time monitoring of bottom-hole rock drillability during drilling, we propose the following novel approach: data fusion and a CNN-GBDT framework for surface-based real-time monitoring. The specific process involves using 1D-CNN convolution to extract deep features from historical wells’ drilling data and sonic log data. These deep features are then fused with the original features and passed to the GBDT framework’s machine learning model for training. To validate the effectiveness of this method, this study conducted a case analysis on two wells in the Missan Oil Fields. CNN-GBDT models based on XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost were established and compared with physical methods. The results indicate that the CNN-GBDT model centered on LightGBM achieved a mean square error (MSE) of 0.026, which was one-tenth of the MSE of 0.282 of the physical evaluation method. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed CNN-GBDT framework for monitoring rock drillability suggests potential applications in monitoring other bottom-hole parameters.
Pareto Front Transformation in the Decision-Making Process for Spectral and Energy Efficiency Trade-Off in Massive MIMO Systems
Authors: Haxhiraj Eni , Shahu Desar , Agastra Elson
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a method of choosing a single solution in the Pareto Optimal Front of the multi-objective problem of the spectral and energy efficiency trade-off in Massive MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output) systems. It proposes the transformation of the group of non-dominated alternatives using the Box–Cox transformation with values of λ < 1 so that the graph with a complex shape is transformed into a concave graph. The Box–Cox transformation solves the selection bias shown by the decision-making algorithms in the non-concave part of the Pareto Front. After the transformation, four different MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision-Making) algorithms were implemented and compared: SAW (Simple Additive Weighting), TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), PROMITHEE (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations) and VIKOR (Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje). The simulations showed that the best value of the λ parameter is 0, and the MCDM algorithms which explore the Pareto Front completely for different values of weights of the objectives are VIKOR as well as SAW and TOPSIS when they include the Max–Min normalization technique.
State-Based Fault Diagnosis of Finite-State Vector Discrete-Event Systems via Integer Linear Programming
Authors: Chen Qinrui , Garayev Mubariz , Liu Ding
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a state-based method to address the verification of K-diagnosability and fault diagnosis of a finite-state vector discrete-event system (Vector DES) with partially observable state outputs due to limited sensors. Vector DES models consist of an arithmetic additive structure in both the state space and state transition function. This work offers a necessary and sufficient condition for verifying the K-diagnosability of a finite-state Vector DES based on state sensor outputs, employing integer linear programming and the mathematical representation of a Vector DES. Predicates are employed to diagnose faults in a Vector DES online. Specifically, we use three different kinds of predicates to divide system state outputs into different subsets, and the fault occurrence in a system is detected by checking a subset of outputs. Online diagnosis is achieved via solving integer linear programming problems. The conclusions obtained in this work are explained by means of several examples.
Factors Affecting Former Fishers’ Satisfaction with Fishing Ban Policies: Evidence from Middle and Upper Reaches of Yangtze River
Authors: Liu Kun , Xu Minghao , Chen Tinggui , Wang Yan
Published: February 2025

The Yangtze River fishing ban policy is one of the most important ecological protection measures in middle and upper reaches of Yangtze River. Research on fishers’ satisfaction with the ban will allow policymakers to improve and further optimize it. Based on the theoretical framework of sustainable livelihoods, policy cognition variables are used to explore how livelihood capital and policy cognition differences bring about satisfaction disparities. The research area includes three counties and cities in the Chishui River basin of Guizhou Province, together with Honghu City of Hubei Province, which were among the first areas of the country to implement this policy. The ordered probit model and structural equation model were applied and analyzed based on data that were collected through interviewing the fishers affected by the ban. The results indicate the following: (1) Physical capital, human capital, financial capital, and social capital are significantly and positively correlated with fishers’ satisfaction regarding the Yangtze River fishing ban. In contrast, natural capital does not significantly impact satisfaction. (2) Livelihood capital types have different impacts on the satisfaction of fishers regarding policies for the last aspects. The influence order has the following sequence: financial capital, physical capital, human capital, and social capital. (3) Enhancing fishers’ understanding of the ban could enhance their satisfaction with it. While formulating compensation policies, the government should comprehensively consider the impacts of livelihood capital, formulate special policies to perfect legislation and social security, and use more effective public relations strategies to raise fishers’ awareness of withdrawal policies. Notably, the selected variables and methods in this paper have the potential to significantly enhance the existing literature in the field of ecological management.
The Impact of EU-Funded Educational Programs on the Socio-Economic Development of Romanian Students: A Multidimensional Analysis
Authors: Grigoroiu Monica Claudia , Țurcanu Cristina , Constantin Cristinel Petrișor , Tecău Alina Simona , Tescașiu Bianca
Published: February 2025

One of the central goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is represented by inclusive and equitable education. This study investigates the impact of the educational programs funded by the European Union on the socio-economic situation of Romanian students by focusing on eight key dimensions: poverty, social inequalities, juvenile crime, nutrition, discrimination, employability, quality of life, and health. The study is based on a quantitative descriptive research design. The data were collected from a representative sample of 1220 pre-university teachers. To identify the differences between students who benefited from the EU-funded educational project implementation and students who did not have this opportunity, t-Student and ANOVA tests were used. cluster analysis (k-means) was applied to classify cases based on the evolution of socio-economic indicators, and binary logistic regression was used to identify the factors influencing the probability that students belong to groups with better performance in relation to the analyzed dimensions. Our findings revealed that while EU-funded education projects have significantly contributed to the socio-economic development of students, a series of disparities still persist among students coming from low-income families. The findings underline the need for more targeted policies. The advanced statistical analyses revealed the importance of early educational interventions through EU-funded educational programs. Also, they revealed the need for integrated, targeted strategies to increase the chances of supporting social equity and reducing inequalities.
Bridging the Green Space Divide: A Big Data-Driven Analysis of Park Accessibility Inequities in Chinese Megacities Using Enhanced 3SFCA Modeling
Authors: Sun Yiwen , Li Hang , Guo Xianhua , Gao Chao
Published: February 2025

This study enhances our understanding of urban park accessibility and social equity through a novel methodological framework in Chengdu, China. By improving the three-step floating catchment area (3SFCA) method with space syntax metrics and multi-modal transportation analysis, we identify spatial disparities in green space access. Our methodology, validated with Baidu heat map data, demonstrates improved accuracy in estimating population demand patterns. Key findings include: (1) The enhanced 3SFCA method outperforms traditional approaches in predicting park accessibility, providing reliable evidence for urban planning; (2) significant accessibility disparities exist across transportation modes, particularly affecting non-motorized transport users; (3) newly developed areas show greater park access inequities than established neighborhoods; (4) important mismatches exist between park accessibility and vulnerable population distributions. This research provides targeted recommendations for reducing spatial inequities and improving green space access for all residents, particularly benefiting children and elderly populations in rapidly urbanizing contexts.
Critical Review of Zitterbewegung Electron Models
Authors: Fleury Marc J. J. , Rousselle Olivier
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a critical review of existing Zitterbewegung models of the electron, assessing their compatibility with Dirac theory, special relativity, and observed particle physics data. We highlight the strengths and limitations of each model, while also introducing a perspective of the electron based on field dynamics rather than particle concepts. Our aim is to determine whether fundamental properties of the electron—such as spin, charge, mass, and relativistic behavior—can be derived from first principles.
Data-Driven Business Model Innovation in Europe: Ethical Data Practices and Ecosystem Involvement
Authors: Heikkilä Marikka , Heikkilä Jukka , Ahmad Farhan
Published: February 2025

Creating, sharing, and using data are expected to lead to the development of new innovative business models. This study investigates the interplay between business model change, ethical data practices, and participation in data ecosystems in fostering data-driven innovation. Using survey data from 1200 European companies, analyzed through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), the findings reveal that while firms recognize the potential benefits of data, business model change alone is insufficient to drive innovation. Instead, active engagement in data ecosystems and adherence to ethical data practices together have a significant positive impact on data-driven innovation. This research contributes to the business model innovation literature by highlighting the role of ecosystems and ethical governance in shaping sustainable data-driven innovations. This study also provides practical insights for firms seeking to transition toward more collaborative and ethically grounded data-driven business models.
Greening the Urban Landscape: Smart City Initiatives and Pollution Reduction in China
Authors: Liu Quanhui , Wan Paijie
Published: February 2025

With the rapid development of China’s economy, the issue of environmental pollution during urbanization has become increasingly prominent, posing a significant threat to residents’ health and quality of life. While existing studies have explored the economic impacts of smart city initiatives and their effects on carbon emissions, the relationship between smart city policies and urban pollution emissions remains underexplored. This study fills this gap by examining the impact of smart city pilot policies on urban pollutant emissions, using panel data from 280 Chinese cities (2007–2021) and a multi-period DID model. The findings demonstrate that smart city construction effectively reduces the level of pollutant emissions in cities, with this effect persisting even after conducting various robustness tests. Furthermore, our mechanism analysis reveals that upgrading industrial structure, enhancing green innovation capabilities, and improving energy efficiency are crucial means by which smart city construction mitigates urban pollution emissions. Additionally, we identify that the enhancement of urban digital infrastructure and the reinforcement of environmental regulations can enhance the pollution mitigation efficacy of smart city development. The suppressive impact of smart city construction on pollution emissions is more pronounced in non-resource-based cities.
Structurally Similar Mycotoxins Aflatoxin B1 and Sterigmatocystin Trigger Different and Distinctive High-Resolution Mutational Spectra in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Thongararm Pennapa , Chancharoen Marisa , Suwanwong Nutchapong , Ruchirawat Somsak , Ruchirawat Mathuros , Fedeles Bogdan I. , Croy Robert G. , Essigmann John M.
Published: February 2025

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and sterigmatocystin (ST) are mycotoxins that pose significant threats to human and animal health owing to their mutagenic, carcinogenic, and toxic properties. They are structurally similar and widely believed to exert their biological effects via the generation of DNA-damaging epoxides at their respective terminal furan rings. Despite structural identity in the warhead portion of each toxin, this work shows that distal parts of each molecule are responsible for the distinctive mutational fingerprints seen in gptΔ C57BL/6J mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). The two toxins differ structurally in the puckered cyclopentenone ring of AFB1 and in the planar xanthone functionality of ST. While both toxins mainly induce GC→TA mutations, the aforementioned differences in structure apparently trigger unique patterns of mutations, as revealed by high-resolution duplex sequencing of MEF genomes. AFB1 is more mutagenic than ST and displays its transversion mutations in a pattern with primary and secondary hotspots (underscored) in 5′-CGC-3′ and 5′-CGG-3′ contexts, respectively. ST displays a modest 5′-CGG-3′ hotspot while its other GC→TA transversions are more uniformly distributed in a pattern resembling established oxidative stress mutational spectra. This research delineates the mutational spectra of AFB1 and ST, establishing these patterns as possible early-onset biomarkers of exposure.
Empowering Urban Tourism Resilience Through Online Heritage Visibility: Bucharest Case Study
Authors: Lequeux-Dincă Ana-Irina , Gheorghilaş Aurel , Tudor Elena-Alina
Published: February 2025

Urban tourism resilience has become an important issue in light of the recent COVID-19 crisis, and heritage tourism represents an opportunity to recover from recent losses and develop resilient, sustainable planning for this sector. Important cities in CEE countries, such as Bucharest, are particularly affected, as in their case, the recent recovery in tourism overlaps with efforts to promote a positive image to replace identity labels associated with their communist past. In this context, online digital exposure to cultural heritage is of significant interest for resilient, sustainable tourism planning. Analyzing the most frequently online-promoted objectives through a mixed-methods approach, this study is an innovative empirical attempt to statistically uncover the online projected image of Bucharest. The main results show that despite the intended image projection, the Romanian capital’s communist heritage remains one of its most important landmarks, especially for international tourists. Other essential features that influence the frequent promotion of heritage objectives that represent the Romanian national culture include the representativeness of the monuments or institutions (e.g., museums) and their accessibility (i.e., their location in the center of Bucharest or close to local attractions). These results are important for the strategic planning of urban tourism in the region.
Polygonum: consumer properties and use for food purposes
Authors:   Military Academy of Air and Space Defense named after Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov, Rodionova A.E.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the use of wild species of the buckwheat family. Their nutritional value, active
substances, and recipes for dishes made from these plants are given. This allows us to consider them
from the standpoint of a functional additive in culinary recipes.
Distance commerce: characteristics, problems and solutions
Authors:   Department of International Commerce and Logistics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Department of Management, State Academic University for the Humanities, Moscow, Nikolaeva M.N.
Published: February 2025

Distance commerce as a form of non-store retailing has experienced rapid growth over the past decade.
The regulatory framework for distance commerce is being improved, but it is still insuffi cient.
The article establishes the objects, subjects, and means of this trade, provides the author’s classifi -
cation in accordance with the OKVED codes, characterizes individual types and varieties of distance
commerce, and identifi es its problems at the present stage and ways to solve them.
Consumer demand for bakery products
Authors:   FSBEI HE ROSBIOTECH, Moscow, Bokholdina T.A. , Novikova Zh.V. ,   FSBEI HE ROSBIOTECH, Moscow
Published: February 2025

Demand, supply, competitive situation, and consumer behavior in the bakery products market are the
basis for the development of bakery in Russia. Enterprises with a high degree of automation of production lines are the most competitive among bakery product manufacturing companies. At the same time,
small and medium-sized manufacturers can take their share of the market if they can interest consumers
in a high-quality and safe product with a unique composition, in a volume and range that meets
the preferences of different groups, using different marketing approaches. The analysis of the bakery
products market has shown that the range of functional bakery products does not meet the needs of
the modern population. In addition, there are market segments where the number of bakery products
is growing, for example, the production of gluten-free and lactose-free products, bakery products with
micronutrients. It has been shown that competent promotion of functional bakery products, the use of
which will satisfy the population’s need for healthy diet products taking into account their preferences, thereby influencing the improvement of the population’s quality of life, remains relevant.
Development of the production system: methods and prospects
Authors:   United Engine Corporation (Rostec State Corporation), Vasiliev S.G.
Published: February 2025

Development of the production system is a necessary component of the strategy of an industrial company, which ensures its stability and success in the long term. From a business point of view, each workshop can be considered as a small independent commercial enterprise, conducting its business and receiving profi t as part of a single plant-corporation.
The overall results of production depend on their interaction with each other and the involvement of each employee in the development of production. These processes can be influenced by transforming technological chains and updating the corporate culture.
Modern technologies for ensuring enterprise information security
Authors:   Softenk Russia, Omsk, Vilkhovsky D.E.
Published: February 2025

The article provides an overview of modern technologies for ensuring enterprise
information security and countering cyber threats. For each technology under consideration,
examples of the largest domestic providers, foreign companies and aggregated functionality
of domestic products in the fi eld of information security are given.
Occupational health and safety in 2025: innovations, trends
Authors:   OOO «AS Bezopasnosti», OOO «Akvakhim», Russia, Yekaterinburg, Zhuravleva A.S.
Published: February 2025

The article consider the main legislative changes of 2025 and trends in the fi eld
of safety. The main aspects of legislative changes in labor protection will aff ect fi rst aid
kits, personal protective equipment, medical examinations, fi nancing of labor protection
measures, special assessment of working conditions, inspections. The material also presents
the main changes in industrial safety and trends in the fi eld of safety.
OPTIMALISASI DIAGNOSIS STROKE DENGAN ALGORITMA C4.5 DAN STRATEGI IMPUTASI k-NN UNTUK MENGATASI MISSING VALUE
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Tamrin Teguh , Harsono Vilanda , Aziza Duwi Nur , Kansania Istianti
Published: February 2025

Penyakit yang menyerang pembuluh darah didalam Otak(Stroke), mengakibatkan terhambatya aliran darah dan oksigen ke otak. Gejala stroke bisa berbeda-beda, namu umumnya meliputi kelemahan atau mati rasa pada wajah, lengan, atau kaki, kebingungan, kesulitan berbicara, dan kesulitan berjalan. Diagnosa stroke yang cepat dan tepat sangatlah penting untuk mendapatkan penanganan yang tepat dan mencegah komplikasi. Salah satu factor untuk mendiagnosis stroke dengan cepat dan akurat dengan menggunakan penerapan algoritma C4.5. Algoritma C4.6 yaitu algoritma klasifikasi yang efektif digunakan untuk membangun pohon keputusan dalam memprediksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data dari Kaggle stroke prediksi dengan jumlah 15.000 record, 22 atribut dan 2500 data hilang . hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa algoritma C4.5 dapat digunakan untuk membangun system diagnosis gejala penyakit stroke yang akurat. System ini mampu mengkatogorikan pasien stroke dengan metode imputasi k-NN dengan nilai akurasi 91.40%. Pohon keputusan algoritma C4.5 juga dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi factor yang penting dalam diagnosis stroke.OPTIMIZATION OF STROKE DIAGNOSIS USING C4.5 ALGORITHM AND k-NN IMPUTATION STRATEGY TO OVERCOME MISSING VALUEthe brain. Stroke symptoms can vary but generally include weakness or numbness in the face, arms, or legs, confusion, difficulty speaking, and difficulty walking. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of stroke is crucial to obtain appropriate treatment and prevent complications. One factor for diagnosing stroke quickly and accurately is the application of the C4.5 algorithm. The C4.5 algorithm is a classification algorithm effectively used to build decision trees for prediction. This study uses data from the Kaggle stroke prediction dataset with a total of 297520 records 22 atribut and 2500 missing value. The results of the study indicate that the C4.5 algorithm can be used to build an accurate stroke symptom diagnosis system. This system can categorize stroke patients with an accuracy rate of K-NN Imputation K-NN with classification values of accuration 91,40%.Â  The C4.5 algorithm decision tree can also be used to fulfill important factors in stroke diagnosis.
En route dans l'Italie des années '80 avec Gianni Celati et Luigi Ghirri
Authors: Scariati Renato , Hochkofler Gianni
Published: February 2025

Abstract : Adopting a reading key specific to humanistic geography, the article looks at the work of Gianni Celati and Luigi Ghirri by highlighting the notions of lived space and ordinary landscapes in Italy in the 1980s. Are analyzed notably the book Toward the Rivers Mouth and the documentary Strada provinciale delle anime.
Relier la Méditerranée au Niger par chemin de fer ?
Authors: Sésiano Jean
Published: February 2025

L’article évoque un ancien chemin de fer minier construit au Maroc entre 1929 et 1941, d’Oujda (Maroc) à Béchar (Algérie). Le train régulier est aujourd’hui abandonné mais il renaît à la demande comme train touristique. Le train devait relier la Méditerranée au Niger, mais seule une section a été construite.
Présence en Corse de Cryptocephalus ilicis Olivier, 1808 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae)
Authors: Cantot Pierre
Published: February 2025

Crytocephalus ilicis Olivier a été capturé en Corse en juin 2017. Cette espèce est nouvelle pour ce département.
Présence dans le sud de la France du rare Pilophorus scutellaris Reuter, 1902 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Phylinae, Pilophorini)
Authors: Matocq Armand , Streito Jean-Claude
Published: February 2025

Les auteurs signalent la présence dePilophorus scutellarisReuter, 1902, nouveau Miride pour la faune de France.
Redécouverte d’Allium scaberrimum J. Serres (syn. A. pardoi Loscos) en Afrique du Nord (Algérie)
Authors: Rebbas Khellaf , Ouafa Guechi Narimène , Beghami Yassine , Moulay-Meliani Khadidja , Tison Jean-Marc , Véla Errol
Published: February 2025

Espèce perdue de vue depuis plus de 80 ans en Afrique du Nord, Allium scaberrimum J. Serres (Amaryllidaceae) a été observé dans plusieurs localités du nord de l’Algérie, recoupant les trois régions historiques de présence dans le pays. Malgré sa persistance à long terme, la raréfaction de son habitat exclusif justifie son statut actuel d’espèce menacée. Cela devrait encourager à une meilleure connaissance de ses populations sur le terrain ainsi qu’à des actions de conservation ex situ et de gestion puis de renforcement ou réintroduction in situ.
Présentation et évaluation préliminaire de l’intérêt patrimonial du site fossilifère du Carbonifère supérieur alpin de Vaulnaveys-le-Bas (Isère, France)
Authors: Rastel Didier , Vallois Bruno , Jouve Aurélien , Belleserre Georges
Published: February 2025

La commune de Vaulnaveys-le-Bas en Isère recèle un site paléontologique méconnu du Carbonifère supérieur alpin. Les échantillons de plantes recueillis constituent des assemblages floristiques variés, dont un rare témoin de milieu méso-xérophile de bassin limnique intra-montagneux. Une présentation préliminaire de ce site ainsi qu’une estimation de son intérêt patrimonial sont les objets de cet article.