bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of bread made from flour, starch and solid waste flour of purple sweet potatoes
Authors: Valino M A , Julianti E , Sinaga H
Published: April 2020

Purple sweet potato (PSP) is one of many agricultural commodities grown in Indonesia. However, its processing in increasing economic value is still very little done. In the PSP starch processing will be produced the fibre rich solid waste which is unutilized yet. The purpose of this research is to study the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of bread produced from PSP flour, PSP starch, and flour from solid waste of PSP starch processing (SWF) in various ratio namely: 100:0:0, 90:10:0; 90:5:5; 90:10:0; 80:0:20; 80:15:5; 80:10:10; and also bread from 100% wheat flour as control. The results showed a ratio of flour, starch, and solid waste flour provide a significant effect on the value of L, browning index, specific volume, hardness, % deformation, adhesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, anthocyanin levels and sensory characteristics. Bread made from 100% PSP flour had the best quality and can be accepted by consumers.
The quality characteristics of frozen salted egg yolk salting using various media
Authors: Fatwa S N , Suhaidi I , Ginting S
Published: April 2020

This research was aimed to find out the quality of frozen salted egg yolk, which was being salting using various media. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, i.e. salting media (M): (salt solution; mixture of rice husk ash, salt and water; mixture of red bricks powder, salt and water; mixture of red bricks powder, rice husk ash, salt, water and 5 % of tea) and salting time (L): (15 days; 20 days; 25 days). The results show that the differences in salting media had a very significant different effect on NaCl and general acceptance. The length of salting gave a very significant different effect on protein content, fat content, NaCl and general acceptance. Moreover, the interaction between the differences in salting media and salting time had a, very significant effect NaCl level. It was found that saline solution media with salting time of 25 days produced the best frozen salted egg yolk.
Effects of adding andaliman extract to the shelf life of tempeh nugget product
Authors: Wahyu S E , Lubis Z , Suryanto D
Published: April 2020

Andaliman is typical spice plant in North Sumatra, has benefits as antimicrobial and antioxidant. Tempeh is a protein source food, has short shelf life, so the tempeh processing technology is needed to create another product with longer shelf life and increase its added value. One of them is by processing tempeh into nugget. The purpose of this study was to determine the shelf life of tempeh nugget added with andaliman fruit extract as natural preservative and to determine which concentration was the most optimal in extending the shelf life of tempeh nugget. This study used completely randomized design with two factors. Factor I was the concentration of andaliman extract (0%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%) and factor II was the storage time (0 day, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days). The parameters analysed were total microbial, water content, and aroma organoleptic test. The results showed that the addition of 0.5% andaliman extract and 21 days storage time obtained the lowest amount of microbes, the lowest water content was obtained at 0% andaliman extract and 21 days storage time treatment, while the highest aroma organoleptic test was obtained at adding 0.5% andaliman extracts. This is due to the presence of antimicrobial in andaliman.
Species morphometric of Anadara Shell in Tanjungbalai aquatic North Sumatera Province, Indonesia
Authors: Desrita  , Susetya I E
Published: April 2020

This research was conducted from October to November 2016 The samples was taken from 3 stations with repeating 3 times in Tanjungbalai Aquatic of North Sumatra Province. Regression equation for relationship length, height, and thickness of Anadara granosa, Anadara gubernaculum dan Anadara inaquivalvis shell to wet weight of flesh i.e Y = 2.950x – 1.3328, Y = 3.246x – 0.8254, Y = 3.01x – 0.5625, Y = 2.143x – 1.0492, Y = 2.2876x – 0.5419, Y = 1.7524 – 0.1926, Y = 2.6734x – 0.9413, Y = 2.6422x – 0.6525, Y = 2.315x – 0.2351. While for correlation coefficient relationship length with wet weight of A. granosa, A. gubernaculum, A. inaquivalvis of 0.796; 0.747; 0.899. Correlation coefficient height with wet weight were found of 0.821; 0.729; 0.909. Correlation coefficient thickness with wet weight of flesh were found of 0.798; 0.754; 0.910.
Characteristics of environment and habitat of sea cucumbers in Pane Island, Tapanuli Tengah Regency
Authors: Susetya I E , Dewinta A F , Harahap Z A , Leidonald R , Yusni E , Suriani M , Lesmana I
Published: April 2020

Pane Island is one of the tourist destinations in Tapanuli Tengah Regency, visually Pane Island has some of marine ecosystems such as seagrass, mangrove, seaweed, and dead coral ecosystems. Sea cucumbers are invertebrates, it’s have high commercial value and has ecological functions. In this study, sea cucumbers identification, abundance and seagrass cover was investigated in Pane Island. The results showed that 1 sea cucumber species were found, Holothuria leucospilota. Sea cucumber abundance ranged from 0 to 1.2 ind/m2. Based on Principal Components Analysis (PCA), sea cucumber abundance is positively related to temperature, current, pH, salinity, total nitrogen, phosphate, and C-organic content. Furthermore, sea cucumber abundance is negatively related to the parameters of water depth, water transparency, DO and percentage of seagrass cover.
Growth of Stingrays (Hemitrigon longicauda) in the waters of Kuala Tanjung, Batubara, Sumatera Utara Province
Authors: Susetya I E , Syahara L , Soemaryono Y , Fadhilah A , Yusni E
Published: April 2020

Stingray (Hemitrigon longicauda) is fish commodity that has high economic value, so it become the first target for fisherman. It can impact negatively the population of stingray. So, we need to make a research about the development of stingray in the Kuala Tanjung waters, Batubara Regency in order to get the information for the basic process of stingray. This research is done in Kuala Tanjung waters, Batubara Regency for two months starting from May to June 2019. The purpose of this study is to determine the Growth Pattern of Stingray in Kuala Tanjung waters, Batubara Regency. The study result concluded that the Stingray Growth Pattern stingray is obtained a value of b = 2.7672 otherwise b <3 had a negative allometric growth pattern.
Maximum sustainable potential and utilization rates of Goldstripe sardinella (Sardinella gibbosa) in Belawan Oceanic Fishing Port
Authors: Dewinta A F , Khairunnisa  , Yusni E , Fadhillah A , Siregar R F , Suriani M
Published: April 2020

Belawan Oceanic Fishing Port is one of the bases of capture fisheries activities in North Sumatera which has considerable fishery potential. The most dominant fish caught in Belawan is Goldstripe sardinella (Sardinella gibbosa). Large-scale fishing activities are considered to be able to reduce the population of S. gibbosa in Belawan, mainly if fishing is carried out at any time. This study aims to analyse the utilization rates and sustainable potential of S. gibbosa at Belawan. This research was conducted by using surplus method production from May to June 2019. The annual catch, effort data, and fishing gear of S. gibbosa were analysed to estimate the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). The main fisheries operating in catching S. gibbosa include trawl, fishing line, and gillnet. The Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) based on the Schaefer model obtained a value of 1821.92 and 1030.87 for on the fox model; the optimum effort based on the Schaefer model obtained a value 22.76 and 23.24 on the fox model. Based on these results, we concluded that the production of S. gibbosa at Belawan PPS has overfishing in 2014 with a production of 2085 tons and total 47 fishing trip.
Exploration and effectiveness test of the potassium solvent bacteria originating from limestone mountain of Bahorok Langkat
Authors: Bangun I H , Hanum H , Sabrina T
Published: April 2020

Plants need potassium in large quantities. The dissolved potassium concentrations are only 1-2%, meanwhile more than 90% of potassium in the soil is in the form of soluble rock. Potassium solvent bacteria facility in dissolving K. From several studies, potassium solvent bacteria can be found in limestone quarries. One of the limestone mountains in North Sumatera is the mountains in Laudamak village, Bahorok sub-district, Langkat District. This study aimed to obtain the potassium solvent bacteria and examine their potential of superior isolates from Bahorok Langkat mountain limestone. Sampling was conducted by the purposive random sampling method which was in two different locations and two different soil depths, namely on the mountain slop and foot of the limestone mountain. The ability to dissolve K was tested qualitatively by calculating the dissolution index (IP). The hypersensitivity test was carried out on tobacco leaves. The result showed that 18 isolates found from 10 soil sample from Bahorok Langkat limestone mountain were able to dissolve K in the Aleksandrov medium, there were 11 isolates that were able to dissolve K and 11 of selected isolates were not pathogenic to plants.
Land characteristics and land evaluation for development of the area of other uses (APL) in Siempat Rube Sub District Pakpak Bharat District
Authors: Rahmawaty  , Rauf A , Sitorus A , Harahap F S , Walida H
Published: April 2020

The opening of a new area needs to be investigated so that its land resources can be used to determine land suitability for certain uses so that the area of other uses (APL) in Siempat Rube Sub-district needs to be supported with information on land suitability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of APL land suitability level and analyse improvement efforts to increase productivity on APL in Siempat Rube District. The research was used the survey method. Units of land were based on land maps. The research data were analysed using the matching method. Soil characteristics in Siempat Rube Sub district, both physical and chemical, have very diverse characteristics which can be a limiting or supporting factor in the development of agricultural crops, especially the development of irrigated rice fields. The actual land suitability for paddy fields were not suitable (N) (2629.44 ha) and marginally suitable (S3) (638.26 ha). After efforts to improve the level of potential land suitability for paddy to become not suitable (N) covering an area of 29.31 ha and marginally suitable (S3) covering an area of 3238.39 ha.
Integrated GIS and GPS for mapping of land suitability for Multy Purpose Tree Species (Persea americana) at community agroforestry land in Peria-ria Village
Authors: Rahmawaty  , Marpaung R M E , Rauf A , Batubara R
Published: April 2020

Persea americana is known as the Multy Purpose Tree Species (MPTS), which comes from the Lauraceae family. In community agroforestry land in Deli Serdang Regency. The objective of this study was to map the suitability of land for Persea americana in Peria-ria Village. This research was conducted using survey methods. Soil samples are collected from survey results in the field based on land units, then the coordinates were marked using the Global Positioning System (GPS). To create a map of land suitability class distribution, Geographic Information System (GIS) technology was used. In land suitability study, were adopted from the Soil and Agro-climate Research Centre, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, namely: references and land suitability criteria for Agricultural Plants. The actual land suitability for Persea americana is not suitable (N) (98.55%) and marginally suitable (S3) (1.45%) and potential land suitability for Persea americana is marginally suitable (S3) (1.45%) and moderately suitable (S2) (98.55%) in Peria-ria Village, Biru-Biru Sub district. Water availability (wa), erosion hazard (er) and root zone media (rc), were limiting factors. The most difficult constrain to overcome were the root zone medium and water availability.
Hamparan perak paddy local cultivar performance applicated with biochart and planting distance as multiple crop between row of one year old hevea
Authors: Hutapea S , Siregar T H S , Astuti R
Published: April 2020

The low price of natural rubber in last 10 years has the impact on low income of the smallholder rubber plantation. Intensity of tapping and management of Hevea crop had decreased. In other side, space between rows of Hevea could be managed to produce food when Hevea in Immature Periods, hence could be beneficial to the smallholder rubber plantation. This research evaluated paddy land local cultivar, Hamparan Perak, which produce the red rice, applied by biochart created from Hevea seed shell. Research was conducted with 12 combination treatments in 1x1 m2 plot size. Bicohart with 0 kg/plot, 0.5 kg/plot, and 1.5 kg/plot, combined with planting distance 20x20 cm, 25x25 cm and 30x30 cm of Hamparan Perak cultivar. Results found that biochart had significant effect on amount of panicles, but it was not significantly different effect on growth and yield. Planting distances had significant effects on crop height and amount of tillers but were not significantly different on 1000 grain weight and grain yield. Biochart has long term effects, hence it will be valuable for Hevea. The research still continue to the known growth and yield of paddy land due to the growth of Hevea canopy.
Performance of vegetative and reproductive characters of some maize inbred line (Zea Mays L.) in ultisol soil applied with the coffee skin compost
Authors: Lubis K , Panjaitan D R , Setiado H
Published: April 2020

The objective of the research was to obtain the information of the performance of vegetative and reproductive characters of some maize inbred line on marginal land such as ultisol soil with coffee skin compost. The research was conducted on the experimental house of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatera, Medan from October 2018 to February 2019. The split plot design by providing coffee skin compost as the main plot (without giving coffee skin compost; 2.5 kg coffee skin compost: 7,5 kg of ultisol soil; 5 kg of coffee skin compost: 5 kg of ultisol soil) and maize inbred line as subplots (G1: inbred line E, G2: inbred line B, G3: inbred line P, G4: inbred line K). The results showed that the interaction of coffee skin compost with inbred line had a very significant effect on the character of harvest age, cob length and cob weight. Strain B shows a better response for vegetative and generative characters.
Yield and tuber quality of orange-fleshed sweet potato cultivars under drought stress in greenhouse
Authors: Rahmawati N , Lahay R R , Irmansyah T , Mawarni L
Published: April 2020

Water shortage is an environmental stress that affects the growth, quantity and quality of sweet potato production. The study objective was to analyse the effect of drought stress on the quantity and quality of orange-fleshed sweet potato. Field research has been carried out in April to July 2019 in the greenhouse. This research used a randomized block design with two factors, the first factor was sweet potato cultivars (Beta-1 variety, Perbaungan cultivar, Cengkeh Turi cultivar and Tanah Seribu cultivar) and the second factor was drought stress with different watering level namely severe drought (watered until 1 month and until 2 months with 10 days interval, respectively) and control (watered until 4 months with 10 days interval). The results showed that the orange-fleshed sweet potato cultivars produced significantly different average tuber weights, the number of tubers, beta carotene content, starch content and tuber moisture content were not significantly different. Drought stress influences the yield and quality of tubers which causes a very significant decrease in the parameters of number of tuber, tuber weight, beta carotene content, starch content and tuber water content. The higher the level of drought will cause a decrease in the quantity and quality of sweet potato production.
Cytotoxicity of Alstonia scholaris (R.Br) bark on MCF-7 and Vero cell lines
Authors: Zuraida  , Mariya S
Published: April 2020

Alstonia scholaris R.Br(pulai) is one of traditional forest plant to treat many kinds of disease such as arthritis, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidaemia. On the other hand research about this species as anti cancer is very limited. This study aimed to determine in vitro cytotoxic activity of three fraction ofA. Scholarisbark against breast cancer (MCF-7) and normal (vero) cells. Three fractions ofA. Scholaris bark(n-hexane, chloroform, and ethanol fractions) derived from 70% ethanol crude extracted pulai bark. MTT (3- 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2- -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay applied tot MCF-7 and vero cells. The result showed that n-hexane fraction had the strongest cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells, followed by chloroform and ethanol fraction with IC50values 109.01; 163.33; and 264.19 µg/mL respectively, but ethanol fraction is the least toxic on vero cells growth compared to n-hexane and chloroform fraction with IC50value 579.93; 459.47; and 396.24 µg/mL respectively. It’s suggested that ethanol fraction is the best recommended fraction as anticancer agent because it was the least toxicity to the growth of normal cells, but still toxic to cancer cell. It was concluded that ethanol fraction was the best fraction to breast cancer cells.
Isolation of non-symbiotic Nitrogen-fixing bacteria on andisol land affected by Sinabung eruption
Authors: Zebua A C , Guchi H , Sembiring M
Published: April 2020

Andisol soils affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung have different levels of ash thickness, each thickness has a different microbial activity and nutrient status. The aim of this research was to find non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolates in several volcanic ash thicknesses. This research was conducted at the Soil Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara. Isolation of non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria was carried out using a nitrogen-free growth medium, Jensen medium. The results indicated that 7 bacterial isolates were able to grow on nitrogen-free medium, these isolates had different shapes (B1- B7). In the land which is not covered with ash there are 2 isolates, in the soil covered in thin ash (<2 cm) there are 2 isolates, in the soil covered in medium ash (2-5 cm) there are 2 isolates and in the soil covered in thick ash (> 5 cm) there are 1 bacterial isolate.
Various impacts of Sinabung eruption volcanic ash thickness with different vegetation on the microorganism population in andisols
Authors: Qadaryanty I , Sembiring M , Hidayat B
Published: April 2020

The aim of this research is to observe the impact of various thicknesses of volcanic ash and different vegetation on microorganism populations in Andisol affected by the eruption of Mt. Sinabung in NamanTeran Sub-district, Karo district, which was affected by the eruption of Mt. Sinabung after 5 years of eruption which is distinguished by several ash thicknesses, namely: A0: 0cm (already processed), A1: <2 cm (thin), A2:> 2-5 cm (moderate), A3:> 5 cm (thick) with annual plant vegetation and grass vegetation. Soil sampling was using the survey method. Calculation of total soil microorganisms was done by the Total Plate Count method. The results indicated that the higher the pH, C-organic, humidity and temperature, the more microorganism population, also different thickness of ash and vegetation affected the number of microorganism population.
Application of bamboo shoot extract as natural plant growth regulator on the growth binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis.) in Tanah Karo
Authors: Hasibuan A R , Mawarni L , Hasanah Y , Irsal  , Fatiani
Published: April 2020

The application of bamboo shoot extract as natural plant growth regulator can affect plant growth of binahong. The objective of the research is to evaluate the growth response of binahong on the application of bamboo shoot extract. The research was conducted in Balai Penelitian Sayuran (Balitsa) in Tongkoh Village, Dolat Rakyat, Tanah Karo, Sumatera Utara on April to August 2019. The experimental design was a factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors. The experimental design was the Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor is the plant of origin from Tanah Karo (accession 1; accession 2; accession 3). The second factor is the dose of bamboo shoot extract (without treatment; 20%, 40%, 60% of bamboo shoot extract). The parameter observed were plant length, shoot dry weight and root dry weight. The results showed that the application of bamboo shoot extract significantly increased the plant length at 5-10 week after planted, whereas the application of bamboo shoot extract did not significantly effect on shoot dry weight and root dry weight.
Analysis of physiological characters and yield quality of several sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) genotypes at various watering levels in rainfed paddy field
Authors: Arifina E V , Rahmawati N , Lahay R R
Published: April 2020

Analysis of the physiological characteristics of several sweet potato genotypes at various watering levels in rainfed paddy field indicated that the adaptability of sweet potato genotypes was resistant to drought stress. This research aims to determine the physiological character and yield quality of several sweet potato genotypes (Beta 1 Variety, Perbaungan Accession, and Cengkeh Turi Accession) at various levels of watering (P1 (1 month watering), P2 (2 months watering), and P3 (4 months watering)) in rainfed paddy fields. The research was carried out in the paddy field of Tandem Hilir I Village Deli Serdang and the analysis was carried out in the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Sumatera Utara from March-July 2019. The results of this research indicated that some sweet potato genotypes had no significant effect on the physiological character but had a significant effect on fresh tuber grading. Cengkeh Turi accessions with orange colour tuber had the highest production in the A-class fresh tuber grading category while the Perbaungan accession with orange colour tuber had the lowest production in C-class fresh tuber grading. The watering levels treatment also did not have a significant effect on the physiological character and tuber yield quality.
The effect of the weight of potato tuber seeds and the duration of cytokinin application on potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum L.) dormancy release
Authors: Turnip L , Siregar L A M , Damanik R I M
Published: April 2020

Potato seeds function as the main production medium in the plant cultivation which requires application of plant growth substances as stimulator of grow. This study aims to determine the effect of tuber weight and cytokinin immersion treatment time on breaking the dormancy period of potato tuber. This research was carried out at the seed warehouse of UPT Benih Induk Hortikultura Kutagadung Berastagi. This research was conducted using factorial completely randomized design, with 2 factors. The first factor, the weight of potato tubers of 4 levels and the second factor, cytokinin immersion time of 5 levels. The results showed that the fastest dormancy breaking was on the 45 DAH immersion i.e. 61.75 days, 12.58 days faster than without immersion, or 6.42 days faster than the 1 DAH immersion treatment. The fastest dormancy breaking is in potato tuber weighing 115-125 g (60.07 days), 13.47 days faster than tuber weighing 25-35 g. The fastest dormancy breaking was at B4W4 treatment (55 days). The number and weight of sprouts increases with increasing immersion time, and with increasing tuber weight.
Increased growth and production of irrigated rice by providing cow organic manure and NPK compound fertilizers with planting systems Jajar Legowo 4:1 in the Village of Tanjung Keriahan, Langkat Regency, North Sumatera
Authors: Ginting J , Meiriani  , Sitepu F , Sipayung R , Ramadhan I A
Published: April 2020

Until now the average national rice production that can be achieved is around 4-5 tons/ha. To increase production that can be achieved above the national average, new efforts in agronomic technology are needed to overcome it. One of the efforts that can be done is to examine the utilization of organic cow manure and NPK fertilization with the Jajar Legowo 4: 1. The purpose of the study is to obtain the optimum dose of cow manure and NPK compound fertilizer with high rice production achievements. The study was conducted in the Irrigated Rice Region of Tanjung Keriahan Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province. The study used Randomized Block Design with fertilizer treatment for organic materials in cow 4 levels of dosage: 0, 5, 10, 15 tons / ha and NPK compound fertilizer application with 5 treatment doses: 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 kg / ha. The results showed that the growth and development of rice plants Mekongga variety that were studied were best shown in the giving of 15 tons/ha of cow manure and NPK fertilizer application of 400 kg/ha.
Abundance and diversity of bacteria associated with healthy and infected oil palm rhizosphere of Ganoderma boninense in Bahilang, North Sumatra
Authors: Lisnawita  , Safni I , Lubis K , Nurliana  , Fadly F
Published: April 2020

Basal stem rot (BSR) caused by soil-borne pathogen, Ganoderma boninense, is one of the constraint factors in palm oil production in the world. The presence of rhizosphere microbes such as bacteria is an important factor whose presence can be beneficial to plants or become a pathogen. Unfortunately, information about the abundance and diversity of bacteria associated with healthy and infected oil palm rhizosphere ofG. boninenseis still limited. This research aims to compare the abundance and diversity of bacteria associated with healthy and infected oil palm rhizosphere ofG. boninense. Soil samples were taken from a healthy and infected oil palm rhizosphere in the Bahilang, North Sumatra. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of bacteria from the healthy rhizosphere were higher than infected rhizosphere. In a healthy rhizosphere, the abundance and diversity of bacteria were higher at soil depths of 10-20 cm compared to soil depths of 0-10 cm. Otherwise, the abundance and diversity of bacteria in the infected rhizosphere were higher at depths of 0-10 cm.
Ability test of endophytic fungi to suppress the development of anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum capsici) in chili plants (Capsicum annum) in the Karo Highland
Authors: Hutauruk I C P , Hasanuddin  , Pinem M I
Published: April 2020

Anthracnose is one of the important diseases in chili plants. One way to control this disease is using endophyte fungi. The aim of this research was to examine the ability of endophytic fungi to suppress the development of anthracnose disease in chili plants in the Karo Highland. This research was conducted at the Rajapayung village, Sub-District Berastagi, District Tanah Karo, North Sumatera and at Plant Pathology Laboratory, Agrotechnology Study Program, Agriculture Faculty, USU. This research used Factorial Randomized Group Design method with 2 factors, 27 treatments and 2 replications. The first factor was the application method: application to seeds (A1), application on leaves (A2), and apllication on fruit (A3) while the second factor was the kind of isolates endophyte fungus. The results of the isolation were Trichoderma sp., Rhizoctonia sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Gliocladium sp., Hormiscium sp. The results of this research showed that the lowest of percentage disease anthracnose in last observation was in the application on leaves treatment (5, 36 %) and treatment with Penicillium sp. (0.00 %). The highest plant height was in the treatment with a application on leaves with unknown hyphae (112.08 cm). The highest production was in the application on leaves treatment (0.58 ton/ha).
Effect of gamma irradiation on harvest date of local upland red rice cultivar
Authors: Muhidin  , Syam’un E , Kaimuddin  , Musa Y , Sadimantara G R , Leomo S , Sutariati G A K , Yusuf D N , Rakian T C
Published: April 2020

Rice is a carbohydrate sources and main staple food in Asia including Indonesia. The aim of the study is to assess the effect of gamma irradiation on the harvest date of upland rice. Common problems in cultivation of upland red rice are low production and long harvest life. One of the solutions is through the breeding mutation. The research was conducted in Field Experiment Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University. The research used a split plot design, as main plot was the irradiative treatment and the sub plot was the different of cultivar in three replications. The irradadiative treatment consist of two levels, i.e. b0=without gamma irradiation, b1= treatment with gamma irradiative. The cultivar tested are (v1) =Labandiri, (v2) =Jangkobembe, (v3) =Ranggohitam, (v4) =Paedara. The research reveals that gamma irradiation treatment could accelerate the plants to reach the age of flowering, simultaneity of flowering, seed filling period, and harvest date.
Isolation and screening test of indigenous endophytic bacteria from areca nut rhizosphere as plant growth promoting bacteria
Authors: Sutariati G A K , Rahni N M , Mudi L , Nurlina  , Hamriani  , Yusuf D N , Muhidin  , Zahrima
Published: April 2020

The study aimed was to find out the endophytic bacteria isolated from areca nut rhizosphere in Southeast Sulawesi. The study was conducted at the Agronomy Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University. It using a completely randomized design (CRD) consist of four serial treatment of isolates isolated from 4 regencies. The isolates have tested their ability to improve viability and vigour of rice seed. The rice seeds before application, treated with endophytic bacteria isolates and then germinated. The germination rate was recorded daily by seven days. Each treatment using three replications, and data result were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed with DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test). The result showed that the treatment of endophytic bacteria on rice seed has significantly increased the viability and vigour of rice seed. It also found four selected isolates which have potential to increase of rice seed growth, namely ME4, WSE4, WSE15, LE7, and LAE2. The future research is needed to find out the isolate that has effectivity on increase of areca nut seedling growth.
Analysing suitability of arable land within a convertible production forest (HPK)
Authors: Yusuf D N , Muhidin  , Leomo S , Hasid R , Muslim S
Published: April 2020

Potential land resources become one basic information needed in planning agroecological system development. The purpose of this study was to analyse the suitability of arable land in a convertible production forest area (HPK) in Konawe Kepulauan Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. Identification of arable land types and determination of agroecological zones was using spatial analysis through SPOT satellite imagery processing and slope map overlays and soil types to determine arable land units. Existing plant species were recorded and adjusted to the direction of land use from the Agricultural Research and Development Agency. From this study, 30 units of fertile land were obtained covering an area of 12,873.69 ha and spread across six zones, namely zone I covering 182.95 ha (1.42%), II covering 3,102.10 ha (24.10%), III covering 3,125.83 ha (24.28%), IV covering 3,594.36 ha (27.92%), V covering 631.85 ha (4.91%) and VI covering 2,236.61 ha (17.37%) with the distribution of plant species in the form of natural forests, annual crop agriculture, seasonal crops, agroforestry crops and food crops. Plants in zones I, II and III in accordance with the direction of land use but Zones IV, V and VI still not suitable.
Preface
Authors: Solovev D B
Published: April 2020

International science and technology conference “Earth science” (ISTC Earth Science) it is a subsection of a big conference the International Scientific Conference “FarEastCon” took place on October 1-4, 2019 in Vladivostok, Russian Federation.

The conference represents an informational platform for accumulation of expert opinion on projects and initiatives that are aimed at implementation of farsighted scientific research and development; it allows to present scientific and practical achievements to a wide circle of researchers.

Sections of the conference are of interest for the broad range of experts in the sphere of development of innovative solutions and organizing events that increase the efficiency of economic and innovative activities.
Evaluation of the Seasonal Variability of Nutrient in Water of Kuibyshev Reservoir
Authors: Minakova E A , Shlichkov A P , Iliasova A V
Published: April 2020

On the basis of generalization and analysis of long-term data, the peculiarities of the processes of pollution by nutrients of the waters of the Kuibyshev reservoir were studied and the specificity of the seasonal variability of nutrients was revealed. It was revealed that all the nutrients in the water of the Kuibyshev reservoir are characterized by seasonal variability, which is most pronounced in nitrate ions. The results of the study show that in 2009-2015 yrs perennial average monthly concentrations of nutrients did not exceed the fishery standards in the water of the Kuibyshev reservoir.
Driving Heavy Trains on the Kuzbass to Far East Route
Authors: Shirokova V V , Kuzmina N A , Odudenko T A , Sankova G V
Published: April 2020

This paper examines a railroad system intended for heavy trains; it dwells upon how the freight traffic is expected to evolve by 2030. This paper results research into specific conditions for heavy haul on the Kuzbass to Far East route and wells upon optimizing such haul on specific legs of the route.
Features of Structural Formation and Properties of Technogenic Raw Materials in Construction Material Production
Authors: Tokach Yu E , Evtushenko E I , Vyrodov O S
Published: April 2020

The paper reveals regularity in solid phase materials property change depending on their capability of structural changes. A classification of technogenic waste is proposed that takes into account the condition of their production (biogenic, chemogenic, pyrogenic and mechanogenic) and nature of structural and property changes. Technogenic wastes may serve and are already serving as a source of raw materials for industry. Recommended waste conversion technology for production of construction materials is given for each group of waste. As an example, a possibility of pyrogenic waste conversion and recovery that takes into account the structural instability of the materials is shown. In this case, the structure may be stabilized by a corresponding method of primary processing or the existing structural instability may be used in the composite synthesis technology. A rational recovery scheme that influences the structure of the material is proposed for chemogenic waste in the form of galvanic sludge. Recovery of galvanic sludge may proceed both with and without extraction of metals as additional product.
Assessment of Adverse Engineering Geological Conditions during Seismic Microzonation of the Sentachan Mining and Refining Facility (Eastern Yakutia)
Authors: Grib N N , Imaev V S , Syasko A A , Grib G V , Kolodeznikov I I
Published: April 2020

In this study, the authors used complex seismotectonic, geological and geophysical methods when carrying out scientific research, identifying unfavourable engineering geological conditions for the designed mining facility located in the cryolithozone, as well as when determining the level of basic seismic hazard and performing seismic microzonation. The seismotectonic methods consisted in establishing the relationship between the distribution of local earthquake epicentres and active geological structures. The geophysical studies employing the methods of near-surface seismic tomography and electrical resistivity tomography allowed obtaining of detailed and reliable information on the features of the engineering geological structure of the studied site required to assess the influence of soils on the seismic wave attenuation of possible earthquakes in the region, thus solving the issue of seismic microzonation.

Seismotectonic studies consisted in determining the level of basic seismic hazard and were based mainly on previous field studies summarised in a number of published works, some of whose conclusions were used in this article.

The analysis of geophysical data allowed the authors to establish probable location of the distributions of ice and ice-rich permafrost, as well as the heterogeneity of soil conditions that affect their behaviour under dynamic loads.

The calculated values of probable earthquake intensities allowed the authors to determine the level of maximum earthquake intensity at the designed industrial sites of the mining and refining facility.
Improving the Technology of Cadastral Appraisal of Agricultural Lands with the Account of Environmental Factors
Authors: Kharitonov A A , Vikin S S , Ershova N V
Published: April 2020

The analysis of regulatory framework governing the appraisal activities in the Russian Federation suggests that at present all the conditions have been created for performing high-quality appraisal works. However, the authors believe that the system of cadastral appraisal of agricultural lands is not free of shortcomings, which lead to a conflict of interests between the taxpayer and the tax recipient. On the one hand, the profitability of agricultural land is determined by the purchase price for the products being produced, which in its turn depends on its content of various types of pollutants, including lead oxides. It is known that this type of pollutant enters the soil (and then the agricultural products produced on it) from the atmospheric air. In the course of research it was revealed that the main source of this kind of pollution is road transport. This problem is not fully solved by the so-called right-of-ways, forest belts and protective shields created in the process of designing roads. There is an obvious environmental damage that does not depend on the actions or inactions of both the owner of the land and the manufacturer of products. On the other hand, this factor is not by any means taken into account when determining the quality of land in the process of calculating the cadastral value of agricultural lands, particularly when determining the value of agricultural land and arable land in the first place. The authors propose a technology for adjusting the cadastral value of agricultural lands with the account of environmental factors. When calculating the cadastral value, this technology will allow taking into account not only the future revenues, but also the future potential costs that directly depend on the anthropogenic factor.
Feature of Syngenetic Succession in Technologically Disturbed Landscapes of Kabardino-Balkaria
Authors: Tamakhina A Ya , Dzakhmisheva I D , Akbasheva A A
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of monitoring syngenetic succession on a toxic substrate of the tailings of the Tyrnyauz tungsten-molybdenum plant in 2001 and 2018. According to the features of succession processes on terraces of different ages, 3 types of ecotopes were distinguished: 1 - automorphic (eluvial) upper slopes; 2 - transit transeluvial of the middle part of the slopes; 3 - transelyuvial-accumulative foothills of the slopes. The delay in the beginning of the phases of succession and the duration of the stages of syngenesis grows in the series 3 → 2 → 1. In 2018, the state of vegetation cover corresponded to the initial stages of syngenesis and was characterized by a high level of synanthropization and apophytization of the flora. On the lower and middle terraces of the tailing, weeds and intruders dominate, not typical of the zonal flora. On the upper terraces ruderal and pioneer plants are found sporadically. The succession process on the technogenic substrate of the tailings takes place spontaneously and under extreme conditions, the onset of the final stages of natural demutation is problematic. In order to stabilize the technogenic ecotope, it is necessary to carry out the technical stage of recultivation (application of fertile layer on the ground) with the sowing of multi-species grass mixtures, the wild-growing components of which are most tolerant of the extreme substrate (Cirsium vulgare, Centaurea kubanica, Taraxacum officinale, Echium vulgare, Jurinea ciscaucasica, Inula germanica).
Information Support of System Monitoring and Complex Assessment of Forestlands in Industrial Regions
Authors: Lebedeva T A , Oleynikova L N
Published: April 2020

The need for systematic monitoring and complex evaluation of forest lands in industrial regions (on the example of the Urals and Western Siberia) is considered. The methodology of system monitoring and complex evaluation of forest lands on the basis of the concept of sustainable development of territories and biotic regulation of the environment, taking into account the widespread and long-term consequences of nature-land-forest management, modeling of natural objects, phenomena and processes, combining data collection and processing procedures with models of structural elements of forest lands with algorithms of forecasting and decision-making is presented. The scientific and technological principles of system monitoring and information support of complex evaluation of forest lands in industrial regions are considered. The results of using a sound methodology and the proposed principles of system monitoring and complex evaluation of forest land in industrial regions in solving practical problems are presented: substantiation of the concept of environmental safety of the development of the Middle Urals, the role of the natural potential of forest lands in the national accounts structure, the formation of sustainable subsoil use.
Exogenous Challenge in Yakutian Permafrost Areas: Analysis and Forecast
Authors: Pomortseva A A , Pomortsev O A , Trofimtsev Yu I
Published: April 2020

The paper discusses exogenous processes and dangers associated with their intensification on the plains and in the mountains of Yakutia in the XXI century. It has been established that these processes result from natural and climatic anomalies caused by changes in the climate. The first wave of hazardous exogenous processes swept over the plains of Central Yakutia at the beginning of the XXI century (from 2002 to 2004). This wave was triggered by a series of dry summers, which caused forest fires of unprecedented scale and the subsequent intensification of freeze-thaw processes in the areas impacted by the fires. The second exogenous wave which impacted the area a decade later (from 2012 to 2015) was triggered by positive anomalies caused by an increase in atmospheric humidity. The impact of this wave was especially vivid in mountainous areas, in the spurs of the Verkhoyansk Range in particular, where significant damage was caused to roads and other linear structures. A key role in the intensification of slope processes was played by seasonal flooding and suprapermafrost water processes which triggered large-scale landslides of Quaternary sediments. It has been found that climatic and exogenous anomalies can be attributed to solar maxima and minima in 11-year (Schwabe-Wolf) solar cycles. It can be expected that the next exogenous wave will hit the area at the maximum of the current 11-year cycle from 2023 to 2025.
Possibility for Uranium Mineralization of the Trans Urals According to Regional Geochemical Data
Authors: Krinochkin L A , Krinochkina O K
Published: April 2020

The article discusses the prospects of hydrogenic uranium mineralization in the Trans Urals. Dolmatovskaya geochemical zone is mapped out and minerogenic potential of its anomalous geochemical areas (AGCAs) is estimated from experimental data. A total of twelve ACGAs are ranked by prospectivity using values of minerogenic potential and other geochemical parameters. Minerogenic potential iscalculated from N.A. Bykhover’s formula using analogical models and can be equated to expected reserves. Previously studied Khokhlovsky AGCA is ranked promising and is expected to increase its potential uranium reserves. Previously unknown Garkashinsky and Petrovsky-Medvezhozersky ACGAs are identified as potential areas of medium prospectivity. These areas are geochemically identical to the anomalous geochemical fields of reference uranium ore locations in the zone in question, thus indicating p otential commercial uranium reserves.
Developing the Composition of Biodegradable Film for Food Packaging
Authors: Arutyunyants A A , Salamova N A , Simeonidi D D
Published: April 2020

Searching for new food packaging material that would have neutral physical and chemical properties, would not be toxic, and would be degradable is a relevant problem for contemporary science. Biodegradable polymers are usually produced by polymerizing biological raw materials. This property of new materials will help solve the problem of waste. The authors produced an elastic film that does not crack when bent, recovers its original shape when unbent, can take virtually any shape, and has no smell and a neutral taste. The authors tried to assess the degradation of films in the natural environment. The film produced can be used for the manufacturing of biodegradable packaging for the food industry.
Controlling the Tribological State of Contact Surfaces between Rolling Stock Wheels and Rails
Authors: Trifonov A V , Kossov V S , Panin Yu A
Published: April 2020

Based on the analysis of Russian and foreign works on the theory of the rolling stock and track interaction and studies in the field of reducing wheel and rail wear, rational friction coefficients on contact surfaces between rolling stock wheels and rails to lubricate rails depending on the conditions of applying rolling stock traction and brake have been defined. The computer simulation of nonlinear 3D vibration of rolling stock and track interaction has been used as a method of the study, which allows to take into account various tribological states of contact surfaces between rolling stock wheels and rails. The effect of reducing the rolling stock lateral impact on the track by reducing the friction coefficient between the rolling stock wheels and the low rail running surface and the high rail head lateral surface in curves of a railway track is proved. On the basis of the computer simulation the results are obtained that make it possible to formulate technical solutions in the field of the friction control at the wheel and rail contact, providing the reduction of energy costs for trains traction, operating costs to replace rails and to turn rolling stock wheelsets.
Static Strength Assurance Factor and Ensuring the Required Level of Structure Safety
Authors: Volokhov G M , Ovechnikov M N , Timakov M V
Published: April 2020

The relation of the static strength assurance factor with the probability of non-destruction of the structure is considered in this article. As a result, it becomes possible to assign the minimum allowed assurance factors, based on the need to ensure the given level of structure safety during operation.