bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anaesthesia and deep brain stimulation
Authors: Bindu Barkha , Bithal Parmod
Published: September 2016

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is becoming an increasingly popular minimally invasive surgical procedure for various movement disorders, especially Parkinson’s disease. Different nuclei have been identified depending on patients’ symptoms, but the success or failure of the procedure depends on various other factors such as proper patient selection and risk-benefit analysis. While various techniques of anaesthesia including monitored anaesthesia care, conscious sedation and general anaesthesia are being used routinely, no clear-cut evidence exists as to the best technique for this procedure. This review article discusses the surgical procedure of DBS, devices currently available, perioperative anaesthetic concerns and techniques, effect of anaesthetic drugs on microelectrode recordings and macro-stimulation and associated complications.
Perioperative management of patients with pituitary tumours
Authors: Abraham Mary
Published: September 2016

Management of pituitary tumours can be very challenging for the anaesthesiologist. These patients require a thorough pre-operative assessment in view of underlying endocrine disturbances, which could cause anatomic and physiological disturbances. This needs to be optimized prior to surgery and the anaesthetic technique planned accordingly. The main intraoperative problems that could be encountered by the anaesthesiologist are airway problems, haemodynamic disturbances and potential for bleeding during surgery. The postoperative concerns are related to the endocrine system and fluid and water balance and this needs to be monitored closely and managed appropriately. The advent of minimally invasive surgery along with neuroimaging has considerably decreased perioperative morbidity and mortality following pituitary surgery. A team approach and close coordination between the endocrinologist, neurosurgeon and anaesthesiologist is imperative for a favourable outcome in patients undergoing pituitary surgery.
Correlation of systolic pressure variation, pulse pressure variation and stroke volume variation in different preload conditions following a single dose mannitol infusion in elective neurosurgical patients
Authors: Arimanickam Ganesamoorthi , Manikandan Sethuraman
Published: September 2016

Background: A Prospective observational study was designed assess the correlation between arterial pressure waveform derived indices and echocardiography derived stroke volume variation (SVV) at different preload conditions in patients undergoing elective craniotomies. Methods: Systolic pressure variation (SPV) and pulse pressure variation (PPV) were calculated from the arterial waveform. SVV was measured from transoesophageal echocardiography. After measuring baseline values for all three parameters, 1 g/kg of mannitol infusion (20%) was given over 15–20 min. Repeated measurements of SPV, PPV, SVV, urine output and peak airway pressure were done at the interval of 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after stopping mannitol infusion. Pearson correlation coefficient (level of significance), and receiver operating characteristics curve were used for statistical analysis. Results: Significant correlation was present between SPV and SVV throughout the study. Significant correlation between SPV and PPV was present only at 90 min and 2 h after mannitol. The predictive effect of SPV and PPV in differentiating a volume loss ≥10 mL/kg was better than SVV. The best cut-off values for SPV, PPV and SVV were 12%, 9% and 20%, respectively. Conclusions: During mechanical ventilation with a tidal volume of 8 mL/kg, SPV correlated significantly with SVV at different preload conditions following mannitol infusion. PPV correlated poorly with SVV. SPV and PPV correlated only in the presence of hypovolaemia.
Awareness of Glasgow Coma Scale in anaesthesiology post-graduates in India: A survey
Authors: Bansal Shikha , Chawla Rajiv
Published: September 2016

Background: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a universal clinical means of quantifying the level of impaired consciousness. It has completed 40 years and has stood the test of time. The assessment is best when done by trained personnel. Anaesthesiologists often manage unconscious patients. Thus, they must be well versed with GCS. This survey aimed to assess the awareness of GCS in anaesthesiology post-graduates in India. Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was carried out in 250 anaesthesiology post-graduates attending a refresher course in September 2014. Subjects and Methods: The questionnaire had 14 questions. Four questions were about the respondent, 5 questions on theoretical information and 5 questions on clinical scenarios. The available data were analysed using Epi Info. Results were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05. Results: Response was received from 174 students (response rate: 70%). Ninety percent of students felt that GCS is important in assessing unconscious patients, 94% students used GCS for unconscious patients. Fifty-eight percent of students have been formally trained in GCS. Mean of correct answers to theoretical questions was 3.98 ± 0.71. Mean of correct answers to clinical questions was 3.2 ± 1.24. Difference between the two means is 0.78. This difference is considered to be statistically significant with P < 0.0001. Conclusions: While the post-graduates are well versed with ‘theoretical aspects’ of GCS, they need to strengthen their skills on clinical application. Hence, there is a need for reinforcement of GCS training for anaesthesiology post-graduates.
Deep Brain Stimulation Utilizing Dexmedetomidine: A Clinical Report from the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Authors: Covington Derek , Degnan Meredith , Rodriguez-Blanco Yiliam , Choxi Ankeet , Prasad Rupa , Jagid Jonathan , Fuhrman Thomas
Published: September 2016

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an increasingly utilized technique to treat symptoms of neurological movement disorders, most commonly, Parkinson’s Disease. Patients and surgeons alike appreciate the minimally invasive nature of this procedure, as well as its reversibility. As these surgeries are being performed more often, it is becoming increasingly important to optimize our anesthetic management during these cases. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the DBS procedures that have been performed at our institution utilizing monitored anaesthesia care (MAC) via dexmedetomidine infusion to report on the frequency and type of perioperative complications as well as to assess the effectiveness of this technique. Results: A total of 150 patients and 174 lead placements were included in this study. Dexmedetomidine was the sole anaesthetic used in 85.6% of cases. The remaining cases used a combination of dexmedetomidine and adjuvant agents. A total of one perioperative complication was found in our series, resulting in a total complication rate percentage per patient of 0.6%.Conclusions: We found very few perioperative complications associated with the use of dexmedetomidine during these challenging cases. With its anxiolytic, sedative, and analgesic properties coupled with preservation of respiration and a short half-life, dexmedetomidine has ideal properties for DBS procedures.
Airtraq® aided tracheal intubation in a patient of Down’s syndrome with traumatic atlantoaxial dislocation
Authors: Siddiqi Obaid , Ali Shahna , Athar Manazir , Mahmood Asad
Published: September 2016

Down’s syndrome is a genetic disorder that is associated with multiple congenital anomalies having great impact on anaesthetic management. Apart from this, it also predisposes the patient to the atlantoaxial dislocation making the management of airway a difficult task. In our case, the child already had traumatic atlantoaxial dislocation that further makes the successful airway management without progression of any neurological injury a challenge. Hereby, we report the successful management of an 8-year-old child with Down’s syndrome and traumatic atlantoaxial dislocation using Airtraq® optical laryngoscope.
Did Japan's high-growth success foster persistent stagnation?
Authors: Garside W.R.
Published: September 2016

This paper contends that there is a continuum in Japan's experience of growth and decline from the 1990s to the turn of the century and beyond. A lingering attachment to the bureaucratic, financial and political underpinnings of high-growth success affected Japan's response to critical shifts in national and international economic circumstance once economic catch-up had been achieved. The institutional and ideational matrix constructed to deliver catch-up growth subsequently affected the content and fate of economic policy in subsequent decades. In the tensions that emerged between shifting circumstance and established practice can be traced the origins and nature of the ‘boom and bust’ years of the 1990s, the lacklustre reform programme that ensued and the reasons for continued stagnation into the new millennium.
Secular stagnation and progressive economic policy alternatives
Authors: Onaran Özlem
Published: September 2016

This paper summarizes two main findings in the post-Keynesian literature regarding the linkages between financialization, income distribution, accumulation and productivity. First, at the core of secular stagnation lies the missing link between profits and investment. Second, rising inequality and financialization have been the main reasons for this missing link and hence the major brakes against capital accumulation and growth. The paper concludes with alternative progressive policies based on a coordinated policy mix of equality-led development and public investment.
Monetary financing of public investment: a viable way forward for the euro area?
Authors: Watt Andrew
Published: September 2016

This article poses the question of whether monetary financing of public investment constitutes a viable way forward for the euro area. The problems of low inflation, high unemployment and public debts seem scarcely resolvable in an environment that is constrained by the virtual exhaustion of monetary policy and legal limitations on expansionary fiscal policy. The author draws on the literature on monetary finance to identify key features of a scheme that could function in the context of EMU. He proposes to achieve an indirect monetary financing of public investment by the ECB committing to take newly issued EIB bonds on to its balance sheet. This would be essentially costless in a deflationary environment and could be expected to exhibit high multiplier effects. The independence of the ECB is maintained by making bond purchases subject to an inflation ‘trigger’.
Estimación econométrica de la elasticidad ingreso de la demanda de los consumidores de servicios ambientales
Authors: Cuevas-Alvarado Cristóbal M. , Sandoval-Romero Fermín , Valdivia-Alcalá Ramón , Ramírez-Espinosa José M. , Borja-de la Rosa Amparo
Published: September 2016

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue estimar la elasticidad ingreso de la disposición a pagar de los consumidores de servicios ambientales proporcionados por el parque recreativo de los Prismas Basálticos de Huasca de Ocampo, Hidalgo. La importancia del estudio radica en las recomendaciones de política ambiental para hacer que el ecosistema de los Prismas Basálticos sea sustentable económicamente mediante el cobro diferencial de cuotas de entrada. La metodología utilizada fue la segmentación de los consumidores a partir del modelo de análisis de conglomerados en dos etapas. El principal resultado fue la identificación de tres tipos de consumidores, quienes los de menor ingreso tienen mayor disponibilidad a pagar por mejoras potenciales en los servicios recreativos del parque, mientras que los de mayores ingresos tienen menor disponibilidad a pagar. Los resultados indican que, en los tres tipos de consumidores, la elasticidad ingreso de la disponibilidad al pago por mejoras potenciales a la calidad de los servicios recreativos es menor que la unidad y mayor que cero; es decir, que los servicios recreativos son un bien normal. El resultado es relevante y consistente con los reportados en otras investigaciones.
Series de incremento del área basal en árboles dominantes de Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco muestran periodicidad de acuerdo con patrones climáticos globales
Authors: Castruita-Esparza Luis U. , Correa-Díaz Arian , Gómez-Guerrero Armando , Villanueva-Díaz José , Ramírez-Guzmán Martha Elva , Velázquez-Martínez Alejandro , Ángeles-Pérez Gregorio
Published: September 2016

Las especies forestales como Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco son sensibles al clima y muestran anillos de crecimiento claramente definidos. La selección cuidadosa de árboles dominantes con fuste circular permite el análisis de tendencias de crecimiento arbóreo. En este estudio se utilizaron mediciones directas del incremento del área basal (IAB) para explicar las periodicidades biológicas y elaborar predicciones del crecimiento en el abeto Douglas-fir que crece en el oeste de México. Para eliminar el efecto de la edad en el crecimiento de los árboles se hizo un análisis en términos de la edad del cámbium. Los resultados mostraron correlación significativa (P < 0.05) entre IAB y la precipitación de enero a julio. Además, se encontraron periodicidades de 7, 21, 27 y 60 años en el crecimiento de los árboles; el periodo de 60 años fue determinante para la construcción de un modelo ARIMA (0,1,1) para realizar predicciones del IAB en las próximas décadas. Las proyecciones del crecimiento proponen una reducción del IAB en árboles maduros dominantes en las próximas décadas. Dicha reducción es un resultado inesperado, debido a que el IAB en árboles dominantes permanece constante hasta una edad biológica de senescencia. Los resultados concuerdan con una tendencia general de reducción en el crecimiento en otros bosques del mundo debido a estrés hídrico, lo cual sugiere que la variabilidad climática futura puede empeorar la condición de salud del abeto Douglas-fir de los bosques del norte de México.
The effect of greenhouse gas concentrations and ice sheets on the glacial AMOC in a coupled climate model
Authors: Klockmann Marlene , Mikolajewicz Uwe , Marotzke Jochem
Published: September 2016

Abstract. Simulations with the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) are used to study the sensitivity of the AMOC and the deep-ocean water masses during the Last Glacial Maximum to different sets of forcings. Analysing the individual contributions of the glacial forcings reveals that the ice sheets cause an increase in the overturning strength and a deepening of the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) cell, while the low greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations cause a decrease in overturning strength and a shoaling of the NADW cell. The effect of the orbital configuration is negligible. The effects of the ice sheets and the GHG reduction balance each other in the deep ocean so that no shoaling of the NADW cell is simulated in the full glacial state. Experiments in which different GHG concentrations with linearly decreasing radiative forcing are applied to a setup with glacial ice sheets and orbital configuration show that GHG concentrations below the glacial level are necessary to cause a shoaling of the NADW cell with respect to the pre-industrial state in MPI-ESM. For a pCO2 of 149 ppm, the simulated overturning state and the deep-ocean water masses are in best agreement with the glacial state inferred from proxy data. Sensitivity studies confirm that brine release and shelf convection in the Southern Ocean are key processes for the shoaling of the NADW cell. Shoaling occurs only when Southern Ocean shelf water contributes significantly to the formation of Antarctic Bottom Water.
Reliability of meteorological drought indices for predicting soil
moisture droughts
Authors: Halwatura Devanmini , McIntyre Neil , Lechner Alex M. , Arnold Sven
Published: September 2016

Abstract. Meteorological drought indices based on precipitation and/or evaporation are commonly used to detect the presence, severity and duration of soil moisture droughts. However, it is debatable whether droughts can be adequately characterised using only precipitation and/evaporation, or whether more physical based methods using soil water deficits and pressures is necessary. To address this question, the performances of two commonly used meteorological drought indices, the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI), are evaluated against soil moisture droughts identified using a physically based soil water model. Our analysis is based on three sites in Eastern Australia, each representing specific soil-climate conditions. Drought duration and severity were estimated using SPI and RDI and soil water pressure data were simulated with Hydrus-1D. The performance of the two drought indices was measured in terms of their correlation with simulated monthly minimum soil water pressures, and their ability to estimate the frequency with which the simulated pressure drops below threshold values. There was a significant correlation between the two drought indices (SPI and RDI) and the monthly minimum soil water pressure. Failure rate (FR) and false alarm rate (FAR) of drought indices detect soil moisture drought reasonably well (FR and FAR is <50 %) for both drought indices (SPI and RDI) and soil depths (5 cm and 30 cm) (except Melbourne). Overall SPI performs better (except shallow soils in Bourke) than RDI. However an uncertainty of the FR and FAR in the soil water retention curve is always higher than the uncertainties of drought indices. The complexity and the uncertainty in the model encourage to use the simple drought indices, however the model provide physically relevant soil water pressure values which are species specific for plants.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DE FRATURA UTILIZANDO O MÉTODO DOS ELEMENTOS DISCRETOS E AS TÉCNICAS DE EMISSÃO ACÚSTICA
Authors: Puglia Vicente Bergamini , Iturrioz Ignacio , Miguel Letícia Fleck Fadel
Published: September 2016

A aplicação de técnicas de Emissão Acústica está revolucionando a caracterização da ruptura em sólidos quase frágeis. Neste contexto a modelagem numérica deste tipo de problema pode ser de utilidade para facilitar a interpretação de ensaios. Para realizar estas simulações foi utilizada uma versão do método dos elementos discretos formados por barras, chamado aqui de Método dos Elementos Discretos (DEM), o qual consiste em discretizar o sólido em um arranjo de barras em que as massas estão localizadas nos nós e as barras tem rigidez equivalente ao contínuo que se deseja representar. É realizada primeiramente a comparação entre um ensaio apresentado na literatura e resultados numéricos obtidos com DEM. O mesmo modelo também é analisado submetido a outros tipos de solicitação (tração e flexocorte). Finalmente se comparam os resultados obtidos em termos de parâmetros comumente apresentados em análises de emissão acústica, ilustrando a potencialidade de utilizar este método para auxiliar na interpretação de ensaios de EA.
3D phase diagram in vectorcardiography
Authors: Goussev Valeri
Published: September 2016

The article is intended to propose the new technique for analysis and visualization of vectorcardiograms based on the 3D phase diagrams. The regular Frank 3D lead system was considered as the signal source to construct 3D vector space. The three cardio signals from the lead system, representing the currents in the body, and the three integrated in time signals, representing the corresponding charge flows, were used to form 3D phase diagram. This diagram is considered as a new compact description of the dipole object properties in the 3D space, combining simultaneously information about the charge movements and the changes in values and orientation of the current. The regular properties, like the angular momentum of the charge flow and the dipole strength vectors and their covariance can be evaluated from the real vectorcardiogram. Based on the set of vectorcardiograms for 8 healthy controls and 7 myocardial infarction patients the 3D phase diagrams and their statistical parameters are evaluated and discussed. An example is given of the technique implementation for the comparison of the 3D phase diagrams in a control and a myocardial infarction patient.
Contrastive Study between Pronunciation Chinese L1 and English L2 from the Perspective of Interference Based on Observations in Genuine Teaching Contexts
Authors: Li Feng
Published: September 2016

Much research has been conducted on factors that impact on second language (L2) speech production in light of the age of L2 acquisition, the length of residence in the L2 environment, motivation, the amount of first language (L1) usage, etc. Very little of this research has taken the perspective of interference between L1 and L2, especially with respect to Asian languages. This article tries to locate the differences in pronunciation between Chinese L1 and English L2 by contrastive analysis through observing genuine teaching and learning contexts, in hope of facilitating English pronunciation pedagogy in China.
Contagion between Islamic and Conventional Banking: A GJR DCC-GARCH and VAR Analysis
Authors: Chakroun Mohamed Amin , Gallali Mohamed Imen
Published: September 2016

This study aims testing the presence of contagion through Islamic and conventional banking systems during the subprime crisis. Specifically, we examine how far a shock striking conventional or Islamic banks is exported from one group to another or remain limited. Therefore, we adopt a GJR DCC-GARCH model to study the dynamic conditional correlation and the vector auto-regression VAR model in order to identify causality direction and the impact of a shock on the returns of each banking index. Hence, our results indicate that Islamic banks are not isolated from conventional banks while there is a contagion phenomenon between these two financial systems. Furthermore, we determined that during the crisis, Islamic banks could not absorb this effects and ensure stability because these banks were also affected by the crisis.
Effect of Summer Annual Forage and Type of Shade on Grazing Behavior of Beef Stocker Heifers
Authors: Scaglia Guillermo
Published: September 2016

Heat stress in beef cattle is still one of the issues affecting animal performance in the beef cattle industry. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of two summer annual forages such as alyceclover (Alysicarpus vaginalis L.), and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) with natural (trees) or artificial shade (80% shade) on grazing behavior and on reducing the heat load of crossbred yearling heifers. On three consecutive years from mid-July to mid-September, 36 (Bos taurus × B. indicus) heifers (body weight [BW] = 321±11.3 kg) were randomly allotted (n = 3) and continuously stocked in 12-1.33 ha paddocks in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (2 forage types and 2 shade types) with three replicates. Heifers grazing on alyceclover gained more (p = 0.03) than those grazing pearl millet (0.94 and 0.80 kg, respectively). Grazing behavior variables were not affected (p > 0.05) by forage type and forage type x shade type interaction; however, shade type affected grazing and lying time (p < 0.05). Time of day (TOD) affected (p < 0.05) grazing and standing time, number of steps taken, respiration rate, and panting scores. These negative effects are related with the greatest temperature humidity index between 1100 and 1459 h. When data were analyzed by TOD, the negative effect on grazing behavior variables was not different for heifers with access to natural or artificial shades. Under the conditions of the present experiment, artificial shade provided protection for cattle. Grazing behavior parameters can be used to monitor heat load in grazing cattle.
Case Study of Viability of Bioenergy Production from Landfill Gas (LFG)
Authors: Vourdoubas John , Skoulou Vasiliki K.
Published: September 2016

The landfill gas (LFG) produced from the existing landfill site in Heraklion city, Crete island, Greece, is not currently exploited to its full potential. It could however be exploited for power generation and/or combined heat and power (CHP) production in near future by fully unlocking its energy production potential of the gas generated from the landfill site. This gas (LFG) could feed a 1.6 MWel power plant corresponding to the 0.42% of the annually consumed electricity in Crete. The LFG utilization for power generation and CHP production has been studied, and the economics of three energy production scenarios have been calculated. An initial capital investment of 2.4 to 3.2 M €, with payback times (PBT) of approximately 3.5 to 6 years and Net Present Values (NPV) ranging between 2 to 6 M € have been calculated. These values prove the profitability of the attempt of bioenergy production from the biogas produced from the existing landfill site in Heraklion city, Crete. Based on the current economic situation of the country, any similar initiative could positively contribute to strengthening the economy of local community and as a result the country, offering several other socioeconomic benefits like e.g. waste minimization, creation of new job positions etc. by increasing, at the same time, the Renewable Energy Sources (RES) share in energy production sector etc. Apart from the favorable economics of the proposed waste to energy production scheme, all the additional environmental and social benefits make the attempt of a near future exploitation of the landfill gas produced in Heraklion, an attractive short term alternative for waste to bio-energy production.
Effects of Phosphate Solubilizing Fungi on Growth and Yield of Haricot Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Plants
Authors: Elias Firew , Muleta Diriba , Woyessa Delelegn
Published: September 2016

Haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important cash crops and export commodities besides its use in human food and soil fertility improvement. Phosphorus (P) is one of the major bio-elements that limits agricultural production. However, phosphate-solubilizing fungi play a noteworthy role in increasing the bioavailability of soil phosphates for plants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects phosphate solubilizing fungi on the growth of haricot bean plants. Cultural and morphological features were used to tentatively identify the fungal isolates to genus level. Based In vitro phosphate solubilization efficieny conducted in both solid and liquid PVK medium following standard procedures, two best isolates were selected and evaluated under greenhouse for their performance on haricot bean. Under greenhouse experiment, shoot height (47.31 cm plant-1), root length (41.01 cm plant-1), nodule number (65.67 plant-1), nodule dry weight (0.59 g plant-1), shoot fresh weight (62.73 g plant-1), shoot dry weight (14.33 g plant-1), number of pod (12.89 plant-1), 50-seed weight (35.89 g plant-1), P content (0.59%) and N content (1.96%) were significantly increased by co-inoculation of two isolates (PSFAP) in the soil amended with rock phosphate (RP) compared to control. Moreover, the highest number of leaves (59.55 leaves plant-1) and root fresh weight (14.19 g plant-1) were recorded as a result of inoculation with isolate PSFP compared to control. The present study indicated the presence of potential plant associated fungi that possess phytobeneficial traits for extending their use as microbial biofertilizers after testing their suitability for the desired purpose.
The Content of Sulphur in the Soil and Plant from Park Areas Exposed to Traffic Pollution
Authors: Jaworska Hanna , Siwik-Ziomek Anetta , Matuszczak Katarzyna
Published: September 2016

Sulphur occurs in many environmental compounds. Source of this element may be natural as also anthropogenic origin, for example related with the development of road traffic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of traffic on the content of total and sulphate sulphur in forest soils and plant material. The selected physicochemical properties of soils were determined: soil texture by laser diffraction method, soil pH by potentiometric method, total organic carbon (TOC) by Tiurin method. The content of total and sulphate sulphur in research material was determined by Bardsley-Lancaster method modified by COMN-IUNG. All analyses were performed in three replicates and the verification of the results was based on the certified material Till-3. Statistical analysis of the results were performed in Statistica 12.0 for Windows Pl software. Examined research material was characterized by medium, high and anthropogenic origin content of total and sulphate sulphur. Undertaken studies showed that the traffic could have an adverse influence on the content of sulphur in soils and plant material.
Comparison of Removal Efficiencies of Different Household Cleaning Methods in Reducing Imidacloprid and Triabendazole Residues on Cherry Tomatoes
Authors: Meng Zhi-Yuan , Song Yue-Yi , Chen Xiao-Jun , Ren Ya-Jun , Lu Chun-Liang , Ren Li , Gen Hua-Chen , Zhu Jia-Xin , Yuan Quan , Li Teng-Fei , Xu Zhi-Ying
Published: September 2016

People have paid much attention on the pesticide residues in agricultural products at present. However there are less concern on processed agricultural products or on final consumption of processed foods, even though most processed foods are being finally consumed. In this paper, pesticide residues such as imidacloprid and triabendazole on the cherry tomatoes were cleaned by conducting different household cleaning methods in the way of normal vegetable cleaning. Results showed that it can effectively remove the residual imidacloprid on cherry tomatoes by soaking first them in water and then rinsing them with running tap water, wherein the removal rates were 30.59%-65.24% and processing factor were 0.3476-0.6941. While to remove the residual triabendazole on cherry tomatoes, we first soaked them in 0.1% edible vinegar solution and then rinsed them with running tap water, which can also effectively remove the triabendazole residues on the cherry tomatoes, with removal rates reaching 29.31%-74.01% and processing factor reaching 0.2599-0.7069. Our research provides an inherent relationship between pesticide residues and cleaning approaches as well as important theoretical basis for risk assessments of agricultural food.
Investigation of the Effects of the Company’s Capabilities on Attracting External Collaboration and Company’s Performance
Authors: Rahbari Danesh , Jalali Seyed Mahdi
Published: September 2016

One of the major tasks of the managers is achieving the coordination between the company and external environment to enhance the company’s financial performance. This research aimed to focus on attracting external effective collaboration, and first investigate effects of three capabilities of innovation, information, and relational on it, and then examine the effect of this factor on market and financial performance of the studied companies. At first, the variables of innovation capability, information capability, relational capability, company’s financial performance, company’s market performance, and also attracting external effective collaboration were studied in the review of literature. Then, a questionnaire was designed and distributed among the companies that were participated in Tehran international exhibitions and collected data was analyzed by correlation coefficient tests and structural equation modeling. To analyze the data Excel, SPSS, and Amos software were used. Findings showed that the relational, information, and innovation capabilities of company can increase companies financial and market performance through attracting external collaboration.
Politicologen snappen weinig van politiek.
Authors: van Raak Ronald
Published: September 2016

R&D

Reflection and debate initiates academically inspired discussions on issues that are on the current policy agenda.
Aan tafel!
Authors: Ornstein Leonard
Published: September 2016

R&D

Reflection and debate initiates academically inspired discussions on issues that are on the current policy agenda.
De nieuwe Omgevingswet: participatie, ongelijkheid en conflict
Authors: Bannink Duco , Verhoeven Imrat
Published: September 2016

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
De ontdekkingsreis
Authors: Van de Sande Esseline
Published: September 2016

De Blinde Vlek

The most relevant part of a discussion is not what is discussed but what cannot be spoken of. The real taboos are those for which it is taboo to call them taboos. The status quo defines itself as non-ideological while denouncing any challenge to itself as radical.

Therefore the column ‘De Blinde Vlek’ frames the framers, politicizes the status quo and articulates what is not heard of.
Betaling van koopprijs voor aandelen via de notariële kwaliteitsrekening: aandacht voor risico faillissement koper
Authors: van Drunen M.M.G.B.
Published: September 2016

Betaling van koopprijs voor aandelen via de notariële kwaliteitsrekening: aandacht voor risico faillissement koper

Een faillissement van de koper bij een aandelentransactie kan ertoe leiden dat de curator de op de kwaliteitsrekening gestorte gelden van de notaris kan terugvorderen, waardoor het de notaris niet vrijstaat de koopprijs aan de verkoper uit te betalen. De auteur schetst een drietal oplossingen waarmee het faillissementsrisico kan worden ondervangen.
Poder pastoral, disciplina e biopolítica: gênero e sexualidade em Aspectos da Vida Cidadã
Authors: Brício Vilma Nonato de , Lemos Flávia Cristina Silveira , Mauês Josenilda
Published: September 2016

Neste artigo analisamos a constituio de gnero e sexualidade a partir da articulaoentre o poder pastoral, a disciplina e a biopoltica, acionadas pela religio, pelo Estado e pelaeducao no componente curricular Aspectos da Vida Cidad (AVC) que faz parte do desenhocurricular da Escola em Regime de Convnio de Ensino Fundamental e Mdio So FranciscoXavier. O Colgio So Francisco Xavier (CSFX), como mais conhecido, um estabelecimento de ensino do municpio de Abaetetuba (PA) que funciona em regime de convnio entre a Secretaria Estadual de Educao do Estado do Par (SEDUC) e a Diocese de Abaetetuba. A anlise se pautou em enunciados de documentos levantados e recortados de um conjunto heterogneo de elementos curriculares atravessados por injunes de diferentes campos de saberes e relaes de poder, os quais nos permitiram rastrear sries discursivas e diferentes formas de normalizao dos sujeitos por meio do objeto gnero e sexualidade.
Proerd: A construção do conhecimento e a tomada de decisão como uma estratégia didático-pedagógica
Authors: Soares Marisa
Published: September 2016

Esta pesquisa de natureza exploratria analisou uma experincia da prtica educativado Proerd, em uma escola pblica do ensino fundamental, realizada no segundo semestre de2013. A abordagem metodolgica utilizada foi a observao participante. Os procedimentos tcnico-metodolgicos foram desenvolvidos a partir de anlises do livro do estudante Proerd e deseu currculo o Elementary, assim como o relatrio das experincias realizadas no cotidianoescolar. Observamos uma construo do conhecimento autnoma, que possibilitou aos alunoso reconhecimento e a resistncia s presses diretas ou indiretas passveis de influenci-los aexperimentar drogas ou mesmo a agirem com violncia.
Inspiração deleuziana para pensar a educação em ciências
Authors: Ramos Maria Neide , De Brito Maria Dos Remédios
Published: September 2016

O presente texto, em forma de ensaio, mobiliza o pensamento conceitual de Gilles Deleuze para pensar outros modos criativos e inventivos para a Educao em Cincias. Com esse intento, tomam-se algumas obras inspiradoras do autor, entre elas Diferena e repetio e Proust e os signos. Pontuando como mapa textual fundamental a ideia de signos, pensamento criador, aprendizagem-acontecimento. O movimento da Educao em Cincias por outras linhas menos dogmticas pode fomentar aes afirmativas e inventivas na prtica educativa em Cincias, abrindo espaos para outras formas de ensinar e aprender mais alegres.
Períodos Avaliativos: um estado da arte pelo viés da linguística aplicada
Authors: Alves Adriana Celia
Published: September 2016

Neste estudo traa-se uma perspectiva histrica da avaliao, levando em considerao os perodos avaliativos. (1) O perodo pr-cientfico, a lngua entendida como sistema, tem-se a presena dos mtodos gramtica-traduo e do mtodo direto. A avaliao determinada pelos exerccios de traduo de textos e em explicaes de regras gramaticais. (2) Perodo psicomtrico-estruturalista, a lngua entendida pelas suas formas estruturais, assim, a avaliao vista como objetiva e neutra, feita por meio de testes padronizados para modificao dos hbitos dos alunos. (3) Perodo psicolingustico-sociolingustico, a lngua compreendida como meio de comunicao, sendo assim, avaliam-se as quatros habilidades lingusticas, enfatiza-se a aprendizagem da lngua por meio de situaes reais de uso. Por fim, o (4) perodo comunicativo-metacognitivo, a construo do conhecimento se desenvolve por meio das relaes sociais em um determinado contexto social, histrico e cultural, sendo a avaliao instrumento mediador e questionador do processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
A Pedagogia da Alternância e a Licenciatura em Educação do Campo na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ): o ensino médio e a formação de educadores do campo
Authors: Abbonízio Aline , Santos Ramofly Bicalho dos
Published: September 2016

Nossa inteno com este texto dar visibilidade ao Projeto Poltico-Pedaggico doCurso de Licenciatura em Educao do Campo da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro(PROJETO, 2014), na estreita articulao com a Pedagogia da Alternncia, a partir dasatividades realizadas pela Regional Sul Fluminense. O objetivo principal desta Licenciatura formar educadores(as) para atuarem nas escolas do campo que atendam as sries finais doensino fundamental e ensino mdio, situadas em acampamentos e assentamentos da reformaagrria, nas comunidades rurais quilombolas, de pescadores artesanais e caiaras, nos movimentossociais do campo e da cidade e nas reas de produo agrcola familiar. A organicidadedesta Licenciatura tem como desafio articular escolarizao, melhorias nas condies de vida efortalecimento poltico dos grupos sociais envolvidos.
Ensino Médio aos olhos da surdez: uma análise de narrativas
Authors: Kupske Felipe Flores , Loss Jaqueline Reni
Published: September 2016

Para que se concretize, de fato, a incluso nas escolas brasileiras, alm de polticaseducacionais, h a necessidade de reviso de metodologias adotadas e de apoio da comunidadeescolar. Nesse sentido, buscando investigar o ensino mdio aos olhos da surdez, com foco noprocesso de incluso, este trabalho prope uma anlise de narrativas de quatro estudantes comsurdez profunda e severa da regio Oeste de Santa Catarina acerca de suas experincias escolares.Em uma anlise exploratria dos relatos, podemos perceber que, aos olhos dos aprendizessurdos, h um desencontro entre o que preconizado pelas propostas polticas e o que vivenciadona prtica durante o processo educacional.
Professores em escolas públicas de educação básica: gestores de suas ações e atividades no processo de constituição e desenvolvimento do trabalho docente
Authors: Zimermann Mirian
Published: September 2016

Neste texto tem-se como objetivo relatar uma pesquisa sobre o trabalho de professores que atuam em escolas públicas de ensino médio de Santa Maria, RS. Para tanto, a pesquisa guiou-se pelas caracterizações das diferentes ações realizadas pelos professores e como estes gerenciam suas ações no planejamento e realização de seu trabalho. Baseada em uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, teve como fontes de informação seis professores, os quais foram entrevistados individualmente. Concluiu-se que as diferentes ações dos docentes se condicionam pelas restritas condições oferecidas, levando-os a gerenciarem tais ações de forma simplificada. A alta carga horária é apenas uma das limitações que influenciam na realização do trabalho docente.Palavras-chave: trabalho docente, prescrições, atividades, ações.
Apresentação
Authors: Quadros Claudemir de
Published: September 2016

Apresentação do v. 5, n. 9 da Regae - Revista de Gestão e Avaliação Educacional.
Atuação das professoras supervisoras do Pibid/UFSM/Pedagogia: desafios da gestão escolar
Authors: Sarturi Rosane Carneiro , Veleda Nicole Zanon
Published: September 2016

Neste texto apresenta-se um estudo sobre o impacto das ações do Pibid/UFSM/Pedagogia Anos Iniciais nas práticas das professoras supervisoras. Objetiva-se identificar a compreensão das professoras acerca do processo de gestão escolar a partir da sua contribuição como supervisoras do subprojeto nas escolas. A metodologia adotada é de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se questionários semi-estruturados. É possível concluir a relevância destas professoras como coformadoras das bolsistas de iniciação à docência, assim como a contribuição do subprojeto em suas vivências, como espaço de construção e reflexão de sua prática escolar.Palavras-chave: pedagogia, políticas públicas, prática pedagógica, gestão escolar, iniciação à docência.
A política de assistência estudantil no IF Baiano - campus Teixeira de Freitas
Authors: Cunha Maria Soares , Raggi Désirée Gonçalves
Published: September 2016

Este estudo apresenta resultados da investigação relacionada com a gestão da política de assistência estudantil realizada no Instituto Federal Baiano, campus de Teixeira de Freitas. Para alcançar os objetivos recorremos ao estudo de caso por meio de análise documental e entrevistas com servidores. A pesquisa está respaldada em Matias-Pereira (2012), Rosa (2015), Pacheco (2011), Piva (2011). Os resultados indicaram que os programas de assistência estudantil são bem administrados. No entanto, percebeu-se que a falta de alguns profissionais, como assistente social, pedagogo e psicólogo, prejudicam a operacionalização do Programa de Assistência e Inclusão Social do Estudante - Paise - e as ações pedagógicas. Constatou-se, ainda, que cerca de 5.628 auxílios foram pagos de 2012 até outubro de 2015, contribuindo com a inclusão social.Palavras-chave: assistência estudantil, inclusão social, institutos federais.
Unpacking the Practice of Probing Student Thinking
Authors: Teuscher Dawn , Switzer J. Matt , Morwood Tyler
Published: September 2016

Researchers have called on teacher educators to break down complex teaching practices to assist preservice teachers in learning these practices. In this article, we unpack the practice of probing student thinking while providing evidence that as sophisticated users of various teaching practices, mathematics teacher educators may be unaware of preservice teachers' varied and naïve images and understandings of teaching practices.
Effect of Comorbidities on Outcomes of Neurorehabilitation Interventions in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Fakolade Afolasade , Bisson Etienne J. , Pétrin Julie , Lamarre Julie , Finlayson Marcia
Published: September 2016

Background: Interest in comorbidities has increased in the past few years, but the effect of comorbidities on outcomes of multiple sclerosis (MS) neurorehabilitation interventions is unclear. The aim of this review was to identify and summarize the existing evidence regarding the effect of comorbidities on outcomes of neurorehabilitation interventions targeting people with MS.

Methods: Five databases (Embase, MEDLINE through Ovid, PubMed Central, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Web of Science) were searched using index terms and keywords relating to MS and a wide range of rehabilitation interventions. Studies screened were limited to English-language randomized controlled trials. Information related to included and excluded comorbidities and how they were reported and described was extracted from the included studies.

Results: Fifty-four neurorehabilitation randomized controlled trials were included and were grouped into categories: robotics/technology-enhanced (n = 7), task-oriented training/neurorehabilitation principles (n = 7), electrical stimulation (n = 12), temperature regulation (n = 6), magnetic field therapy (n = 5), vibration (n = 9), and miscellaneous (n = 8). Although the issue of comorbidity was considered in 40 studies, it was limited to excluding individuals from participating in the trials. Only two studies reported on comorbidity, but neither examined the possible mediating or moderating effect of comorbidities on intervention outcomes.

Conclusions: This review documents important knowledge gaps about the effect of comorbidity on neurorehabilitation outcomes and identifies a critical need for future studies to address this issue. Without this information, we limit our understanding of the mechanisms of comorbidity and its effects on relevant clinical and research outcomes specific to neurorehabilitation.
Interferon alpha-inducible protein 6 regulates NRASQ61K-induced melanomagenesis and growth
Authors: Gupta Romi , Forloni Matteo , Bisserier Malik , Dogra Shaillay Kumar , Yang Qiaohong , Wajapeyee Narendra
Published: September 2016

Mutations in the NRAS oncogene are present in up to 20% of melanoma. Here, we show that interferon alpha-inducible protein 6 (IFI6) is necessary for NRASQ61K-induced transformation and melanoma growth. IFI6 was transcriptionally upregulated by NRASQ61K, and knockdown of IFI6 resulted in DNA replication stress due to dysregulated DNA replication via E2F2. This stress consequentially inhibited cellular transformation and melanoma growth via senescence or apoptosis induction depending on the RB and p53 pathway status of the cells. NRAS-mutant melanoma were significantly more resistant to the cytotoxic effects of DNA replication stress-inducing drugs, and knockdown of IFI6 increased sensitivity to these drugs. Pharmacological inhibition of IFI6 expression by the MEK inhibitor trametinib, when combined with DNA replication stress-inducing drugs, blocked NRAS-mutant melanoma growth. Collectively, we demonstrate that IFI6, via E2F2 regulates DNA replication and melanoma development and growth, and this pathway can be pharmacologically targeted to inhibit NRAS-mutant melanoma.
Monolithic integration of Si-MOSFET and GaN-LED using Si/SiO2/GaN-LED wafer
Authors: Tsuchiyama Kazuaki , Yamane Keisuke , Utsunomiya Shu , Sekiguchi Hiroto , Okada Hiroshi , Wakahara Akihiro
Published: September 2016

In this report, we present a monolithic integration method for a Si-MOSFET and a GaN-LED onto a Si/SiO2/GaN-LED wafer as an elemental technology for monolithic optoelectronic integrated circuits. To enable a Si-MOSFET device process, we investigated the thermal tolerance of a thin top-Si and GaN-LED layer on a Si/SiO2/GaN-LED wafer. The high thermal tolerance of the Si/SiO2/GaN-LED structure allowed for the monolithic integration of a Si n-MOSFET and a GaN-µLED without degrading the performance of either device. A GaN-µLED driver circuit was fabricated using a Si n-MOSFET and a µLED of 30 × 30 µm2, with the modulation bandwidth of the circuit estimated to be over 10 MHz.
Driving nanocars and nanomachines at interfaces: From concept of nanoarchitectonics to actual use in world wide race and hand operation
Authors: Shirai Yasuhiro , Minami Kosuke , Nakanishi Waka , Yonamine Yusuke , Joachim Christian , Ariga Katsuhiko
Published: September 2016

Nanomachine and molecular machines are state-of-the-art objects in current physics and chemistry. The operation and manufacturing of nanosize machines are top-level technologies that we have desired to accomplish for a long time. There have been extensive attempts to design and synthesize nanomachines. In this paper, we review the these attempts using the concept of nanoarchitectonics toward the design, synthesis, and testing of molecular machinery, especially at interfacial media. In the first half of this review, various historical attempts to design and prepare nanomachines are introduced as well as their operation mechanisms from their basic principles. Furthermore, in order to emphasize the importance and possibilities of this research field, we also give examples of two new challenging topics in the second half of this review: (i) a world wide nanocar race and (ii) new modes of nanomachine operation on water. The nanocar race event involves actual use of nanomachines and will take place in the near future, and nanomachine operation of a dynamic fluidic interface will enable future advances in nanomachine science and technology.