bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Biology and Life Scienc, Vol. 14, No. 1
Authors: Lee Kelvin
Published: February 2023

Journal of Biology and Life Science (JBLS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JBLS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 14, Number 1Arshia Tabassum, University of Karachi, PakistanBratko Filipic, (CIETO), SloveniaHoe Yin Chen, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, MalaysiaHomyra Tasnim, Louisiana State University, BangladeshMemoona Ramzan, University of Miami, USANatalia Tkachuk, T.H. Shevchenko National University “Chernihiv Colehium”, UkraineRagab A. El-Mergawi, National Research Centre, EgyptRajaa Ahmed Mahmoud, University of Basrah, IraqSridhar Mandali, UCLA, USAXiaohuang Cao, Guangdong Ocean University, China Kelvin LeeEditorial AssistantJournal of Biology and Life Science-------------------------------------------Macrothink Institute5348 Vegas Dr.#825Las Vegas, Nevada 89108United StatesTel: 1-702-953-1852 ext.510Fax: 1-702-420-2900E-mail 1: jbls@macrothink.orgE-mail 2: jbls@macrothink.comURL: http://jbls.macrothink.org
Evaluation of hydrocarbon accumulation and some chemical properties of soil sediment from crude oil polluted mangrove ecosystem in Okrika
Authors: Chukwumati JA  , Asiegbe GC
Published: February 2023

Composite soil sediments samples collected from three polluted sites in Okrika local Government Area of Rivers State. Old Isakka (01), Imonitanbie (1M) and Agiahi Ama (AA) were investigated to examine the effects of crude oil pollution on chemical properties of soil sediments from mangrove ecosystems. The soil sediments were collected at a distance of 0, 20, 40 meters and a control sample taken from distance of 140 meters away from the polluted sites near the river with a spade from each of the locations. A total of twelve soil sediments samples were collected from the three locations. The samples were analyzed for: Total hydrocarbon contents (THC), Total Nitrogen (TN), Available Phosphorus (P), soluble potassium (K), Total organic carbon (TOC) and soil pH. Results of the study showed significant (P<0.05) difference in % TOC in polluted soil sediments in all the distances and locations over the control samples. Percentage TOC increases in a decreasing order in the studied locations as: AA>1M>01. Available P in polluted soil sediments were significantly (P<0.05) lower than the control soil sediments. Available P in soil sediments increases with distance away from the polluted site with control samples having the highest values in all the locations. The value of P were below the critical limits of 8.15mg/kg. Total nitrogen was significantly higher in polluted sediments over control. There were significant variations in the content of soluble K in both the distance and locations in the studied area. The values of K were not consistent with crude oil pollution but above the critical limit. The order of significant of soluble K were 01>1M>AA. Significant (P<0.05) difference was observed in THC between the crude oil polluted sediment and the control samples in all the distances and locations. Pollution of the soil sediment with crude oil impacted negatively on some soil sediments properties as there was a decrease in available P content, reduction of the soil sediment pH to strongly acidic (4.00±10c to 4.30±0.1a) in all the locations and an increase in TOC , TN and THC of the mangrove sediments. THC of the soil sediments in the three locations decreases in the order of 01>1M>AA. The THC of the studied sites exceeded the alert and intervention limit of 200 and 20000mg/kg for less sensitive soils and 100 and 1000mg/kg for sensitive soils.
Novus Ordo Seclorum: The Reality of Orwell’s 1984
Authors: Dr. S. Franklin Daniel
Published: February 2023

Are we currently living in the reality of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four? The novel has a definite ring due to the many Orwellian words and concepts that have become part of our parlance, especially the political vocabulary – terms like “Big Brother”, “Doublethink” and “Newspeak” that have gained enormous significance in the present dispensation. The central theme of Nineteen Eighty-Four is the State’s imposition of will upon thought and truth. The world that Orwell envisages does not allow privacy for the individual and does not allow the individual to have a personal identity and also aspires to falsify history. The novel in essence raises disturbing nevertheless pertinent questions with regard to power structure, motives behind the moves of the governments, war, and class distinctions based on economic criteria. There is an invasion on our privacy as the Government is closely monitoring us constantly and more so with the advent of Aadhaar card and the seeding of bank accounts, Pan cards, etc. And quite significantly, we perceive the exact scenario that has been portrayed in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four. The novel has elements of postmodernism because the reader is left in a quandary questioning, whether “Big Brother is real?” and “what apparently is real and what is not”, as a matter of fact, perceptible realities are only social constructs. This paper proposes to revisit Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four by highlighting these pertinent questions of the past– with special reference to the power structure, Big Brother”, “Doublethink” and “Newspeak” and its contemporary significance to today’s society.
Communicative Language Teaching: A Study on English Syntax and Phonology
Authors: Dr. Diptiranjan Maharana
Published: February 2023

Language is the most widely used tool that Human beings use for interacting with each other to exchange their ideas, information, feelings and sentiments. It acts as a repository of wisdom, a propeller for the advancement of knowledge and telescope to view the vision of the future in this fast changing world. The English language has played a vital role. It is the most influential language the world has ever witnessed. Super-power politics has not been able to set boundaries for it. It is the closest thing to a lingua franca around the world. English has penetrated deep into all business sectors and has established itself as a global passport for professional success. The teaching skills and strategies should be developed keeping pace with the current demands of the global market. More attention needs to be paid on the development of learners’ competence with focus on evolving a more effective and successful method. Language is the most important communicative tool of mankind, and English language has become a universal medium of communication in today’s era of liberalization and globalization.
Chinua Achebe, Homi Bhabha and the Language of Ambivalence in Things Fall Apart
Authors: Bizhan Hekmatshoar Tabari  , Bamshad Hekmatshoar Tabari
Published: February 2023

Chinua Achebe, the contemporary Nigerian novelist is one of the most outstanding figures in modern African Literature. What bestows him such a credit might be taken to be his attempts to use literature as a discursive tool in the way of de-colonization. Precisely, what Achebe does in his novels is providing an alternative discourse which can depict not only an authentic picture of native African life with all its complexity, but also dynamic native characters in such a context with all their human and existential conflicts. Thus, it can be claimed that what makes Achebe’s novels different from the other novels produced at his time is the specific language he adopts; a language which is able to give birth into a kind of ‘ambivalence’ and can structure, in consequence, a discourse capable of drawing on the postcolonial condition his people face as inheritors of ‘hybridity’ and ‘otherness’. Accordingly, the present study intends to investigate the language, or discourse, adopted by Chinua Achebe in his first novel, Things Fall Apart, by approaching them through Homi Bhabha’s theory of ‘Ambivalence’, as it seems to be much illuminating in the case.
Intellectual Gifts of a Teenager Poet
Authors: Aju Mukhopadhyay
Published: February 2023

The poet is a teenager school going pert girl; always alert of her surroundings, of the presence of her friends and others around her own abounding presence. She knows well enough what the elders talk about her. By her inquisitiveness and good reading habits she knows more or less what many greats have already spoken about human life, of what is desirable and what is not. A precocious girl endowed with some wisdom, speaks about the usual happenings of life and our expectations from it. Highly ambitious, she takes up the cudgel to challenge her colleagues and resolves to prove her worth. On the way she teaches herself what needs to be done, makes promises, sometimes advises addressing others in neutral voice; didactic. She knows that she is being challenged for repeating what others have observed in their maturity; many of them were great. It requires her defending herself; thus begins the dialectic process which is a constant process of life, asserts a philosopher like Hegel.
Spiritual Triumph of the Self in W. B. Yeats’ “A Dialogue of Self and Soul”
Authors: Arijit Chakraborty
Published: February 2023

“A Dialogue of Self and Soul” is an autobiographical poem by William Butler Yeats (1865-1939). It is written in the form of a conversation. The poem displays a conflict between the desire to live and yearning to get liberated from the cycle of birth and death. It first appeared in the collection The Winding Stair and Other Poems in 1933. In it, the Self represents human being whereas the Soul stands for divinity. Self represents the desire to live on in spite of difficulties. On the other hand, Soul represents the desire to be liberated from the cycle of birth and death. This conversation between two personality-traits of Yeats draws comparisons with the poem, “Strange Meeting” by Wilfred Owen. In this poem Owen describes a soldier’s descent into Hell where he meets an enemy soldier. The dead soldier talks about the horrors of war and the ability to fathom that gruesome experience by only those who have been involved. However the dead soldier i.e. the man in Hell is the soldier’s double or his ‘other’. He is the reflection of the speaker himself. A man’s encounter with his double is represented here as well by W. B. Yeats.
The Chronicle of French Revolution in Alejo Carpentier’s Explosion in a Cathedral
Authors: Dr. Ajay Bhargava  , Ashok Kumar Malviya
Published: February 2023

Alejo Carpentier was a well-known author of Latin American Literature of twentieth century. Explosion in a Cathedral, (El siglo de las luces, 1962) has disclosed the author’s approach, who knew how to take advantages of the chance. This is considered Carpentier’s most effective historical achievement that revealed his destiny accidently. The novel is based on chronicle of French revolution in different circumstances and revealed the French history with winning destiny. It portrays the revolutionary hurdles, which were adopted from the other historians, who wrote about revolutions. Ultimately, Carpentier became successful to assemble immense information, dates and several documents; which were required to write the history of French revolution. The novel presents rare figures as characters without giving more importance to them. Some critics argued that it is characters who are more influenced with European modernity less than Latin America. The novel is about French revolution that is depicted through the character Victor Huggies and Esteban. The French revolution was fought twice as land and water with great efforts. The novel leaves it’s most noteworthy mark in the field of history.
Individual Identity and Quest for Survival: An Exploration of the Inner Psyche of the Existential Hero in Anita Desai’s Voices in the City
Authors: Dr. Rashmi Rekha Saikia
Published: February 2023

Literature is the finest manifestation of human experience, thinking patterns and social norms prevalent in the society. Literary fiction reflects the aspirations, passions and faith and so forth. Fiction which represents life in all its complexities is one of the most dominant forms of literary representation. In the Indian context, the paradigm shift that took place in literature focus on the profusely creative literary release on multifarious issues that directly linked with individual identity and consciousness. Voices in the City is a seminal work by Anita Desai. It stands unparalleled to other fictional works of her contemporaries as it manifests the existential quest and social conflict unraveling the psychosomatic miseries of the individual characters that permeates the entire novel. The novel echoes the mute voices of the characters who feel outlandish in the city of Calcutta. As a novelist of human concern, Desai exhibits a strong inclination towards the existentialist interpretation of the human predicament. Voices in the City documents the pitiable plight and failure of a typical Bengali youth, Nirode along with his sisters Monisha and Amla in the city of Calcutta. The novel mainly projects the spiritual cataclysm of a journalist Nirode, who is destined to reside in Calcutta in quest for finding truer meaning of life. The study attempts to explore the intense sufferings, disappointments and frustrations of the wrathful youth which arises out of the intense sensitivity of his intellectuality.
Culture and Civilization in Toru Dutt’s Ancient Ballads of Hindustan
Authors: Dr. Piyushbala
Published: February 2023

Toru Dutt was a poet, novelist, essayist, translator and polyglot. She was an outstanding pioneer in the history of Indian literature. In the sphere of Indo-English poetry the era of Renaissance may be termed as the ‘Age of Dutts’ because the age was dominated by the two sisters Toru and Aru and renowned poetical man Romesh Chandra Dutt. Toru Dutt originated in a tradition in poetry which had to go, wait till Sri Aurobindo for a mature handling. She gave something fresh in English language. It was with her that Indian English Poetry really shifted from artificialness to genuineness. Toru’s poetry indicates strongly her sense of roots, the beginning of her exploration and expression of her commitment to her Indian self and cultural environment. Toru Dutt placed her country on world literary map brought fame on international map of letters. It is very clear that Toru inherited rich intellectual and moral treasurers from her parents and country.
Deconstructing the “Ideology of ability”: Jhamak Ghimire’s A Flower in the Midst of Thorns
Authors: Nida Ansari
Published: February 2023

Jhamak Ghimire is a Nepali writer having got birth in 1980, in the eastern suburb of Nepal, Dhankuta. She was born with the severe disability i.e. cerebral palsy which has robbed her of her motor controls of her arms, slurred her speech and limited her movement. She writes with her foot. She has published eight volumes of poetry, stories and essays and is a regular columnist in Kantipur newspaper. She has won many awards for her writings in literature. She has won Madan Puraskar, Nepal’s most prestigious literary prize in 2011, for her autobiographical novel Jeevan Kanda Ki Phool which is translated by Nagendra Sharma and Safal Sharma, in English as, A Flower in the Midst of Thorns. The article attempts to explore the challenges which Ghimire has to confront for deconstructing the “ideology of ability” through her novel. So, this article selects some excerpts from the book to show her subordination at multiple levels.
An Analysis of Cultural Identity in Amitav Ghosh’s The Shadow Lines
Authors: Mohd Farhan Saiel
Published: February 2023

The aim of such a study is to understand some of the various issues regarding our national identity; particularly the identity politics that can fully submerge a colonized individual under its gigantic confusion. The author’s humble hope out of such a study is to have an idea of insight into Amitav Ghosh’s stance on national identity. Amitav Ghosh protests against the manmade boundaries of nation, cast, creed, and identity in his novel. The Shadow Lines (1988) negates the concept of national, social and cultural identities. In the novel, Ghosh gives the message to cast aside cultural, regional, territorial, religious and physical differences aside and join the hands through the bond of humanity. The characters like Tridib, Prince form a true relationship with one another bringing west and east together. This paper seeks to shed light on the formation of cultural identity crises in a transnational space in Amitav Ghosh’s novel which chronicles the lives of characters who, after many upheavals, where cross-cultural caste, class, gender, and national collaborations blur all sorts of boundaries and enable the formation of new alliances. The paper tries to unravel how the novel presents the emergence of reconstituted families within contexts of domination and resistance. In The Shadow Lines, Ghosh deals with the issues of identity vs. nationhood, the representation of history and ultimately concludes that all borders are imaginary constraints. He dismantles history, the frontiers of nationality, culture, and language. It is a historical novel that focuses mostly on nationalism, identity and the meaninglessness of partition and the 1964 communal riots which occurred in Calcutta, Dhaka, and Khulna.
Social Justice as a Prominent Theme in the Novels of Bhabani Bhattacharya
Authors: Dr. Payal Bhardwaj  , Dr. Vikas Sharma
Published: February 2023

In present scenario, peace is usually taken for granted by many people without going into the details of what made it (Peace) the most cherished ideal of almost all the societies. Its importance has only been realized by the humanity after going through a dreadful phase of history, full of violence, wars, massacres, genocide and so on. Moreover, the meaning of peace is misunderstood by many as mere absence of war; rather it has a wider connotation. Peace is an absence of violent conflicts of all kinds including war, riot, massacre, or simply physical attack. Sometimes, violence is rooted in the very structure of society, which is termed as "Structural Violence". This structural violence can take many shapes such as caste- based violence, class- based violence, ethnic violence, racism, communalism, colonialism etc. The elimination of structural violence necessitates the creation of a just and democratic society. Structural violence emerges out of the unequal and unjust structure of the society. So to eradicate structural violence, a society needs to employ the tool of social justice. This paper is an attempt to understand this structural violence ingrained in Indian social fabric during the independence and the post independence period and to hear its resonance in the novels of Bhabani Bhattacharya. She is an outstanding Indian English writer, globally known brilliant scholar was a socialist and reformist to the core. Almost all his novels are remarkably known as social fables, as contemporary Indian society is very authentically and sensitively represented in his fiction. Bhattacharya was having a profound knowledge of contemporary (from 1945 to 1975) social crisis, as the topic of his research thesis was also related to Indian socio-political perspectives of the time period. Through his novels he proclaims, when justice is denied to any particular person or community or sections of society, the reverse circumstances leads to anarchic situations and the society directly or indirectly becomes responsible for converting its people to social rebels, a threat to national peace and security. Therefore, through his novels, he motivates the countrymen to establish equality and maintain social justice to promote the feelings of love and harmony in different sections of society. To inspire the countrymen for setting up an equal and just social order, he frequently emphasise them to follow the teachings of great ancient minds. He quotes Gandhiji's socialism, marxism, Tagore’s humanism, Nehru’s rationalism, liberalism and practical approach, to create peace and harmony in the society and ensure social justice.
Biplab Majumdar and His Poetry with Special Attention to Cosmic Convergence
Authors: Patricia Prime
Published: February 2023

Biplab Majumdar is the author of nearly 100 books of poetry, prose, rhyme, translation, novels and short stories. His works are published both in Bengali and English. The contents of this latest volume, Cosmic Convergence, are divided into two parts: Part-A covers the year from January to December and Part-B contains 12 poems on a variety of subjects. The poems are followed by 3 pages of selected comments on Biplab Majumdar’s by a variety of eminent authors. This volume makes possible an assessment of the scope and stature of Majumdar’s work. These poems-often witty and beautiful- are an achievement, a testament to Majumdar’s ongoing power to engage us in his vision. They confirm Majumdar’s reputation as one of India’s finest poets. From evocations of the daily wonders of life to explorations of spirituality, feelings and sensibilities. His celebration of idiom and understanding of the modern mind may help us to understand ourselves.
Langston Hughes’ Representation of African-American Anger
Authors: Aayushi Sangharshee
Published: February 2023

Set up in the backdrop of the Harlem Renaissance, this paper seeks to explore the response of the Black Americans of the early twentieth century upon crumbling of the promised American Dream. Langston Hughes belonged to the second phase of the Harlem Renaissance in which the intellectuals were much more rebellious and critical of the American experience, in comparison with the early intellectuals, who did not criticise, but instead tried to reclaim their identity by portraying Harlem as their cultural hub. Through his poems, Hughes seeks to bring forth the Black American consciousness, their composite identity and their disillusionment with the cherished American dream.
V. S. Naipaul’s Motiveless Malignity: A Study of Cultural and Emotional Past of his India Essays
Authors: Ravi Goel  , Dr. Bharti Tyagi
Published: February 2023

Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul, the Nobel Laureate, is a celebrated name in the world of literature. He is known for his precise and remarkable prose writings. He won numerous accolades for his precision in fiction and non-fiction. His works are replete with insight and acute observation of master craftsmanship. He was an Indian-origin Trinidadian-born British Citizen. During his upbringing, he got the Indian atmosphere at his home but he could never connect himself the way his ancestors did with the land and the people. He, himself, admits that he only knew his mother and father beyond that his ancestry is “blurred”. From his childhood, he heard so many stories about India that there developed a sort of fascination for the land. He decided to visit India and finally, he paid his first visit in the 60s. India has been a land of wonders for people around the world. Those, who never had been here read about the land and the people through the travelogues. He wrote three books on India which are known as The Indian Trilogy. Though they are controversial in nature, the minute observation of the author is laudable. Apart from the trilogy he wrote six essays between (1962 and 2006) namely – In the middle of the journey (1962), Jamshed into Jimmy (1963), A Second Visit (1967), The election in Ajmer (1971), Looking and not Seeing: the Indian way (2005-2006), India Again: the Mahatma and After (2005-2006). The paper is an endeavor to highlight his prejudices, his biased nature, and his malignity towards India and her people.
Revisiting the Idea of Totalitarianism in George Orwell’s Ninety Eighty Four
Authors: Sanam Raza Pahalwi
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to analyse the lessons about truth and relevance that may be gained from literature by reading George Orwell's dystopian novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four in the context of philosopher Stanley Cavell's idea of “living scepticism”. According to the idea, we can view the novel as a representation of life under a totalitarian system. The protagonists in the totalitarian society of the novel experience this experienced scepticism, which is a state of confusion and doubt brought on by indoctrination as well as physical and psychological punishment. The three main types of authoritarian experiences that are imagined in the book are scepticism of the outside world, scepticism of language, and scepticism of other people's brains. The focus of the article is on the scepticism of other minds and totalitarian lived meaning among these three. It explicitly inquires as to who may be the “perfect case” in order for the main character to appreciate the viewpoints of others. Intimacy, privacy, love, brutality, and knowledge are all related in some way in the novel's imagined world. The article contends that through exposing us to The Party's peculiar unlearning pedagogy, Orwell's writing offers us a nightmare image of the elimination of the possibilities for love. What does it mean at the book's conclusion for the main character to “love” Big Brother? In the dystopian society of Nineteen Eighty-Four, the reader might utilise these crucial questions to assess her own moral and intellectual limits. Can you imagine being so obsessed with Big Brother? Or does the use of the term "love" in this situation simply aim to provide the reader the ability to distinguish between speech that makes sense and speech that doesn't?
The Soul and Spirit of Morality in Sudha Murthy’s Select Short Story Books for Children
Authors: Parinitha. B
Published: February 2023

The soul and spirit of morality have been transmitted to children from generation to generation through stories.  Stories play a significant role in the mental growth and character-building of children. Storybooks are a wonderful source of inspiration and lay a strong foundation for their future life.  Reading storybooks helps children to increase their confidence, handle emotions, and cope up with problems. It also develops their imagination power, language skills, and learning.  The multi-faceted prolific children’s author Sudha Murthy’s contribution to the field of children’s literature is a hallmark in Indian English literature.  Her children’s stories dealt with the importance of family bonds and concern towards society and fellow beings.  The characters in her stories help the children to understand our culture and tradition. The paper tries to analyze three such books of children's stories by Sudha Murthy in the light of the theories of ‘tabula rasa’ and ‘Kohlberg's Theory of moral judgment’. The paper focuses on How I Taught My Grandmother to Read and Other Stories, Grandma’s Bag of Stories, and The Magic Drum and Other Favourite Stories’ and the moral values inculcated in them.
PENGARUH KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. BANK BUMN KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Bonaventura Hendrawan Maranata  , Dian Prasetyo Widyaningtyas  , Ardani Nur Istiqomah
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk melihat pengaruh ketiga komponen  komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Bank BUMN di Kota Semarang. Pada Penelitian ini Komitmen Organisasi terbagi menjadi 3 bagian: Komitmen Organisasi Afektif, Komitmen Organisasi Berkelanjutan dan Komitmen Organisasi Normatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode survey, dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Sampel yang di ambil terdiri dari 65 responden. Peneliti menggunakan faktor analisis untuk mengukur validitas dan cronbach’s alpha untuk reabilitas. Untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh antara kedua variabel maka digunakan teknik analisis regresi berganda. Hasil dari penelitian tersebut menunjukan bahwa komitmen  organisasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan baik secara simultan maupun parsial.
Atezolizumabe mais Bevacizumabe como Ponte para Transplante Hepático no Carcinoma Hepatocelular
Authors: Solino Gabriela Azevedo , Ferreira Raphael Paiva Cock Paiva Cock , D’Albuquerque Luiz Augusto Carneiro , Farias Alberto Queiroz , Trindade Lívia Zardo , Vasconcelos Vitor Fiorin de , Pacheco Mariana Poltronieri
Published: February 2023

Relatamos o caso de um homem de 68 anos, com cirrose hepática de etiologia alcoólica, diagnosticado com carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) não elegível para transplante hepático. Após imunoterapia com atezolizumabe associado ao bevacizumabe, ele foi submetido a um transplante hepático (TH) de doador vivo com sucesso, não mostrando evidencia de doença ou lesão no enxerto, mantendo-se clínica e radiologicamente estável 14 meses após a cirurgia. Esse é um relato de sucesso da combinação atezolizumabe mais bevacizumabe sendo usados como ponte para o TH em um paciente com CHC, mostrando um achado importante na terapia dos pacientes com tumores irresecáveis ao diagnóstico.
Análise da Temperatura Durante o Armazenamento e o Período de Isquemia Morna do Enxerto em Transplantes Renais
Authors: Lima André Carminati , Alves Juliana Carpilovsky Revoredo , Borga Ana Lavratti , Ocampos Henrique Brambilla de Lucca , Deboni Luciane Mônica , Guterres Jean Cristovão Pereira , Garcia Christian Evangelista
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar as temperaturas dos transplantes renais realizados no Hospital Municipal São José, Joinville/SC, durante todo o período de isquemia fria e se essa temperatura se adéqua ao preconizado em literatura. Método: Foi realizado um trabalho prospectivo com a coleta de dados dos enxertos renais utilizados para transplante renal com órgãos de doador falecido no serviço de transplante renal do Hospital Municipal São José. Resultados: O estudo analisou que o método atual de conservação do enxerto atende parcialmente aos valores esperados para manter a temperatura preconizada. Conclusão: Importante que se mantenham estudos e análises sobre o tema para melhoria continua no armazenamento do enxerto.
Lesion characteristics of transient ischemic attack with subcortical infarction distinct from lacunar stroke
Authors: Chung Pil-Wook , Kim Jinyong , Song Young-Mok
Published: February 2023

Background: In patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA), acute infarction was often found on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Infarcts associated with TIA typically have small lesion size, but it is unclear whether the lesion characteristics of TIA-related infarcts can be distinguished from those of lacunar stroke.Methods: Twenty-three patients with TIA with subcortical infarction (TSI) and 47 patients with lacunar stroke with subcortical infarction (LS) were analyzed. The size and relative location of infarcts in the corona radiata (CR) were compared between the two groups on diffusion-weighted imaging.Results: The location of LS was limited to the posterior portion (3/5) of the CR, whereas the location of TSI was distributed over the whole portion of the CR. While the lesion size of TSI located in the anterior half of the CR was similar to that of LS (63.5±16.3 mm2 vs. 63.9±33.1 mm2, p=0.96), the lesion size of TSI in the posterior half of the CR was smaller than that of LS (17.4±5.8 mm2 vs. 63.9±33.1 mm2, p<0.01).Conclusions: The results suggest that the lesion characteristics of TSI include noneloquent location in the anterior CR or very small (smaller than lacunar stroke) lesion size in the eloquent location of the posterior CR. TIA with subcortical infarction may be a distinct syndrome in clinical manifestations as well as in lesion characteristics distinguished from lacunar stroke.
QUANTITATIVE EFFECTS OF HEAT STRESS ON FIBER RELATED AND AGRONOMICALLY IMPORTANT PARAMETERS IN COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.)
Authors: HUSSAIN S , ASLAM MZ , YOUSAF MI , IQBAL J , BUKHARI MSJ , ALI F , ASHFAQ M , QAMAR MJ , FAROOQ MR , HAFEEZ Z , AKHTAR I , SHAH SWH
Published: February 2023

Climate change is one of the biggest problems for growing crops in a sustainable way around the world. At the cotton research station in Bahawalpur, th is experiment aimed to assess and classify cotton genotypes under conditions of heat stress. The study was done using RCBD with three replications. The distance between plants was 30 cm, and the distance between rows was kept at 75 cm. For key plant and fiber quality traits, data were taken from ten fully guarded plants and chosen randomly. Under conditions of heat stress, ANOVA showed that there were highly significant differences among the plant traits that were studied. The correlation coefficient analysis showed that seed cotton yield has a positive correlation with plant height (r = 0.46), plant population per hectare (r = 0.33), sympodial branches per plant (r = 0.27), number of bolls per plant (r = 0.27) and nodes per plant (r = 0.27) but a negative relationship with staple length (r = -0.35). The multivariate statistical methods of principal component and cluster analysis were used to describe cotton genotypes. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed that the most productive and heat-tolerant cotton genotypes were BH-200, BH-254, CIM-600, and BH-341. Also, BH-284 seemed more resistant to CLCuV than the other genotypes. So, rigorous, large-scale, and multilocation testing must be done on these cotton genotypes and plant traits to make cotton genotypes that can handle heat and CLCuV
Impact of statin use on perioperative bleeding in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent monopolar TURP
Authors: ÖLÇÜCÜOĞLU Erkan , UZUN Emre , TAŞTEMUR Sedat , KASAP Yusuf , ŞENEL Samet
Published: February 2023

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of statin use on bleeding complications in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).Material and Methods: This prospective case-control study included patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent TURP surgery. Seventy-six patients were included (30 statin users and 74 statin non-users). Data including patient age, preoperative laboratory values(complete blood count, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, prostate volume, international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)), intraoperative characteristics(amount of resected prostate tissue, blood transfusion, duration of surgery, duration of urinary catheterization) and postoperative features(serum complete blood count, and length of hospital stay)were collected. Patients who underwent TURP with or without statin use were compared with hematocrit and bleeding complications. Results: There was no difference between the groups regarding the degree of reduction in hematocrit and platelet count. In both groups, postoperative hematocrit and platelet counts were significantly lower than preoperative values. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding age, PSA, prostate volume, histopathological diagnosis, transurethral resection (TUR) volume, INR, PT, aPTT, number of red blood cell (RBC) units transfused, duration of surgery, irrigation time, hematocrit, and platelet count. TUR volume, frequency of anticoagulant use, duration, and length of hospital stay were statistically higher in the statin user groupConclusion: Our results showed that statin use did not impact bleeding in patients with BPH who underwent TURP. Considering the widespread use of statins, during surgery the effects of bleeding, we need more information on further studies to light.
Effects of renal parenchymal volume and total renal volume on success in retrograde intrarenal surgery
Authors: TAŞTEMUR Sedat , ŞENEL Samet , ÖLÇÜCÜOĞLU Esin , KASAP Yusuf , UZUN Emre
Published: February 2023

Objective: Renal parenchymal volume known as an indicator of the number of nephrons in the kidney. We predict that the increase in renal parenchyma volume will increase diuresis and facilitate the excretion of fragments after RIRS procedure. Therefore, increased renal parenchymal volume might be suggested as a factor affecting the success of RIRS procedure.Material and Methods: Out of 238 patients who underwent RIRS in our clinic, 104 patients who underwent primary RIRS due to single kidney stone and who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomoghraphy were included in the study. The demographic, clinical and radiological (renal parenchymal volume and total renal volume) datas of all patients included were evaluated. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the success status after RIRS, as successful and unsuccessful groups.Results: There was no significant difference in total renal volume between the two groups (213.3±54.9 cm3 in the successful group, 204.4±65.7 cm3 in the unsuccessful group, p=0.521). While the mean renal parenchymal volume in the successful group was 168.3±46.1 cm3 , it was 125.5±29.9 cm3 in the unsuccessful group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). In the ROC analysis, the cut-off value for renal parenchymal volume predicting the presence of residual stones after RIRS was found to be ≤141.3 cm3. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, elevated stone burden (OR=1.02; 95% Cl=1.009-1.03; p<0.001), localized stones in the lower pole (OR=31.673; 95% Cl=3.315-302.623; p=0.003 ) and RPV≤141.3 cm3 (OR=5.923; 95% Cl=2.886-19.263; p=0.008) were found to be independent risk factors for success of RIRS procedure.Conclusion: Renal parenchymal volume is a practical and cost-effective parameter that can be used to predict success rates in patients undergoing RIRS for kidney stones.
Effects of Fentanyl and Remifentanil on intraoperative hemodynamics and postoperative recovery in percutaneous nephrolithotomy cases
Authors: HÖBEK AYDIN Yasemen , ÖZTÜRK KAZANCI Dilek
Published: February 2023

Objective: To compare the effects of fentanyl or remifentanil on intraoperative hemodynamic effects and postoperative recovery in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).Material and Methods: Randomized and prospective study was conducted. Forty patients who underwent PCNL with the American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I-II enrolled into the study. All patients were divided into 2 groups according to administered anaesthesiology technique and drugs, which are remifentanil and fentanyl. Induction of anesthesia was same in both groups. Induction of anesthesia was obtained with a bolus dose of propofol (1-2 mg/kg), maintenance was achieved with sevoflurane (MAC2). Muscle relaxation was achieved with rocuronium. Group 1 was consisted of patients who were administered remifentanil and they received 1 μgr/kg of remifentanil as a single dose during the induction of anaesthesia Group 2 was received fentanyl 2 μg/kg as a single dose during the induction of anaesthesia. Group 1 received remifentanil 0.05 μgr/kg per minute as an infusion throughout the procedure for providing intraoperative hemodynamic stability, in group 2 fentanyl was given at a dose of 0.5 μg/kg iv bolus every 45 minutes. Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters and recovery data were recorded. Aldrete score, Ramsay sedation scale 15, 60, 360 minutes were noted after surgery. Visual analogue scale (VAS0-10) was used for pain evaluation.Results: Intraoperative hemodynamic measurements were more stable in Group 1. The need for nitro-glycerine was significantly increased in Group 2 (p<0.05). The Aldrete scores, Ramsay sedation scales and VAS did not differ significantly between the groups. Immediate recovery was significiantly earlier in Group 1 than Group 2 (p<0.05).Conclusion: Stable hemodynamic status and safer recovery can be provided with remifentanil compared to fentanyl during PCNL.
Gebelerde renal kolik yönetimi: tek merkez deneyimlerimiz
Authors: DEMİRDÖĞEN Şaban Oğuz , CİNİSLİOĞLU Ahmet , KOZUBAEV USENBEKOVİCH Bakytbek , AL Salih
Published: February 2023

Amaç: Renal kolik nedeniyle başvuran gebe hastaların klinik özelliklerini, konservatif ve cerrahi tedavi sonuçlarını paylaşarak literatüre katkı sunmayı amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastaların demografik ve klinik özellikleri, gebelik haftaları, taş öyküsü, laboratuar ve radyolojik incelemeleri, hastalara uygulanan tedavilerin detayları, cerrahi tedavi uygulanan hastaların tedavi uygulamaları, komplikasyonlar, hastaların doğuma kadar olan takiplerindeki özellikleri retrospektif olarak incelenerek değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya kliniğimizde takip ve tedavisi yapılan, renal kolikle başvuran 21 gebe hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 27,2 ± 5.75 yıl idi. Ortalama gebelik haftası 20,1 ± 7.12 idi. Hastaların %14,3’ü ilk trimesterde, % 52,4’ü ikinci trimesterde, % 33,3’ü üçüncü trimesterde idi. Hastaların 14’ü (%66,7) sağ renal kolikle, 7’si (%33,3) sol renal kolikle başvurdu. Hastaların başvurudaki ortalama görsel analog skoru (VAS) skoru 8,38 ± 0,86 idi. Hastaların 20’sinde (%95,2) tanı ultrasonografi (USG) ile konuldu. Sadece 1 (%4,8) hastada tanı manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) ile konuldu. Hastaların 13’üne (%61,9) konservatif tedavi, 8’ine (%38,1) endoskopik cerrahi tedavi uygulandı. Cerrahi tedavi olarak tüm hastalara sadece Double J (DJ) stent konuldu. Konservatif tedavi ile takip edilen 32 haftalık bir gebede (%4,8) takiplerde erken membran rüptürüne bağlı erken doğum eylemi gelişti. Hastaların 4‘ünde (%19,0) doğum sonrası DJ stent çıkarılmasından başka ek üreteroskopik girişim gerekti. Konservatif tedavi ve cerrahi tedavi uygulanan hastalar ayrı ayrı değerlendirildiğinde her iki grup arasında demografik ve klinik özelliklerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı.Sonuç: Gebelikte renal kolik; tanı ve tedavi basamaklarındaki kısıtlılıklar, maternal ve fetal sağlığı etkileyebilecek potansiyel komplikasyonlar nedeniyle önemli ve multidisipliner bir yaklaşımla değerlendirilmesi gereken bir problemdir. Bu hastalar doğru tanı basamakları kullanılarak konservatif olarak ya da konservatif tedavinin başarısız olduğu durumlarda endoürolojik girişimlerle etkili ve güvenli bir şekilde tedavi edilebilirler.
Laparoscopy training in Turkey through the view of residents; Turkish European Society of Residents in urology questionnaire
Authors: UÇAR Taha , EKŞİ Mithat , KESER Ferhat , SILAY Mesrur Selçuk , ATİS Gokhan , YILDIRIM Asıf , ÇAŞKURLU Turhan
Published: February 2023

Objective: Laparoscopy is a minimal invasive surgery technique and getting more important nowadays. The success rate of the techniques used in laparoscopy education and the qualification of urology residents who finished their urology training, is unclear. In our study, qualification of Turkish urology residents for laparoscopy, the preferred educational techniques and the education models were investigated with a national survey. Material and Methods: The laparoscopy questionnaire that is used in our study has been prepared by modification of a questionnaire which was formed by Belgium European European Society of Residents in Urology. The techniques used in laparoscopy education, qualification of the education and the expectations from laparoscopy education were the main focus. All of the questions were Turkish and was sent to a total of 295 residents who are registered to the ESRU database. A total of 70 (23%) residents answered. SurveyMonkey was used for composing and distribution. All the data gathered from the survey was statistically investigated. Results: The biggest contribution was from the Marmara Region (39.29%). Laparoscopy is used in 91,07% of the clinics all around Turkey. The distribution of the residents in regards of year of urology training were: 14% 1st year, 23% 2nd year, 23% 3rd year, 12.7% 4th year, 25% 5th year. Training and Research Hospital and University Hospital participation rates were 46.77% and 53.23% respectively. The rate of residents who feel they will become capable of doing laparoscopic surgery after their residency period finished, was 28.5% and 71.4% of the residents expressed the laparoscopic training they take would not be sufficient. Assistance and observing are used as a training method by nearly all residents (91.07%). In addition being the primary surgeon, training videos, training boxes, animal practices are used by residents with the rate of 26.7%, 25%, 21.4%, 3.5% respectively. According to participants, to be given less opportunity, educational disinterest and limited laparoscopic cases were defined as the major 3 problems in laparoscopy training. Conclusion: The laparoscopy education differs between the urology clinics in Turkey without any standardization. An appropriate standardization of laparoscopy training can improve laparoscopy education and urology training
Retrograde intrarenal surgery and percutaneous nephrolithotomy training in Turkey through the view of residents; ESRU Turkey questionnaire
Authors: UÇAR Taha , SANDIKÇI Fatih , İLGİ Musab , YILDIRIM Asıf , ÇAŞKURLU Turhan
Published: February 2023

Objective: Retrograde intra renal surgery (RIRS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) are common endoscopic surgical procedures. In our study, qualification of the Turkish residents for RIRS/PCNL, the education techniques and models are evaluated by a national based survey.Material and Methods: The techniques used in education, qualification of the education and expectations about the education were main focus. Questionnaire was sent to total of 295 residents who are registered to Turkish European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU) database. A total of 70 (23%) urology residents answered. SurveyMonkey is used for composing and distribution of the surveys. The results were evaluated statistically. Results: Total of 70 participants involved our survey and the rates of first, second, third, fourth, fifth years of residents were 14%, 23%, 23%, 12.7%, 25% respectively. The rates of the residents from training and research hospitals and university were 46.77% and 53.23% respectively. The participants were from all over the country and there were participants from all 7 geographical regions of Turkey. The rate of residents who felt they will become capable of doing RIRS after their residency education program was 63.08% and 36.92% of the residents expressed the RIRS training they took is not enough to perform this procedure after graduation.Assistance and observation are used as the only training method for 39.2% and 49.2% of residents for RIRS and PCNL respectively. In addition, being a primary surgeon is used as a method of training by 55.38% and 50.7% of residents for RIRS and PCNL respectively. PCNL was performed by all the hospitals who were involved in the questionnaire. PCNL training course is needed by 15.38% of participants. The percentage of the residents who can’ t perform RIRS in their hospital was 15.38%. RIRS training course was needed by 15.38% of participants.Conclusion: RIRS and PCNL are common endoscopic surgical processes in Turkey. It’s been thought to be useful to make the courses more common which residents feel important for their education and to make residents eager about PCNL/RIRS education.