bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of a wire-driven parallel robot for wind tunnel test based on the analysis of stiffness and workspace
Authors: Ji Yangfeng , Peng Miaojiao , Lin Qi
Published: November 2024

This paper presents an eight wire-driven parallel robot (WDPR-8) designed to serve as a suspension manipulator for aircraft models during wind tunnel testing. The precision of these tests is significantly influenced by the system’s stability and workspace, both of which are shaped by the geometric configuration of the structure and the tension in the wires. To acquire the efficiency principle of the suspension scheme design for the model, a kinematics model for a WDPR-8 was established. Based on the kinematics model, the stiffness of a WDPR-8 was theoretically studied, and the analytical expression of stiffness matrix of a WDPR was deduced. The stiffness matrix was composed of two terms, one of which is determined by the configuration of suspension system and the other term is determined by the wire tension. Based on the analysis result, a set of suspension scheme was discussed under the calculation of stiffness matrix and workspace analysis. In the discussion process, in addition to the stiffness-maximum calculation, another criterion as force closure is presented, which is useful for increasing the stiffness and workspace of the robot. Finally, a prototype was established according to the analysis result, and the workspace experiments are conducted. Test results indicate that the workspace meets the design requirements, validating the system suspension design method of a WDPR for aircraft model suspension in wind tunnel test considering of the systematic stiffness and workspace.
An infant case of coronary artery aneurysms with no systemic symptoms after treatment for Kawasaki disease
Authors: Asai Yumiko , Suzuki Takanori , Yamada Midori
Published: November 2024

This case is a 4-month-old patient with Kawasaki disease who showed coronary artery lesions after a disease relapse. Following the guidelines from the Randomised Controlled Trial to Assess Immunoglobulin plus Steroid Efficacy, the patient initially saw an improvement in symptoms. However, a relapse occurred despite low levels of C-reactive protein, leading to significant coronary artery growth. Treatment with a third dose of intravenous immunoglobulin and cyclosporine led to a slow reduction in the size of the coronary artery abnormalities. This case highlights the difficulty in monitoring Kawasaki disease progression through clinical symptoms and C-reactive protein levels alone. We also emphasise the necessity of echocardiographic monitoring in patients receiving anti-inflammatory treatments, including steroids, because coronary artery problems can arise or continue without the usual signs of Kawasaki disease or increased C-reactive protein levels.
Urban Transportation and London's Imagined Infrastructure
Authors: Choi Tina Young
Published: November 2024

Historians and literary critics often observe that Victorian London had no Baron Haussmann to impose a rational, legible order on its tangle of streets. But the itineraries traced by early forms of public transportation—omnibuses, hackney cabs, and railways—nonetheless invited a reimagining and remapping of the city. Charles Dickens's Sketches by Boz (1836), midcentury encyclopedic cab fare guides, and the debates that preceded the building of the 1863 Metropolitan Underground Railway overwrote the existing geography of the city with a cartographic infrastructure tactically organized into routes, nodes, intervals, and destinations.
“The Stepping Stones of Empire”: Conrad, Coal, and Oceanic Infrastructure
Authors: Miller Elizabeth Carolyn , Hegarty George
Published: November 2024

The political geography of empire transformed with the Victorian rise of steam power and its infrastructure, especially with the emerging dominance of steam as the primary means of transoceanic travel and shipping. Oceanic infrastructure was a new feature of the British Empire especially in the period after 1860, when steamships were increasingly replacing sailing ships and when the material exigencies of fueling and refueling required the installation of coaling stations to support long-haul transport for steam-powered ships. In this essay we explore how these changes registered in literature and discourse, with Joseph Conrad as our prime example. We analyze two of Conrad's works that feature coaling stations and steam-carrying, Victory (1915) and The Mirror of the Sea (1906). Drawing on infrastructure studies, critical ocean studies, and the energy humanities, we make a case for more attention to oceangoing coal as part of a broader reconsideration of empire in the Anthropocene. We also make a case for Conrad as one of the great observers of environmental-infrastructural change in the early fossil-fuel era, worth revisiting now as both witness and interpreter.
The Infrastructures of Plant-Hunting
Authors: Bilston Sarah
Published: November 2024

The acquisition of nonnative flora and fauna was long framed by horticultural historians as the result of great British derring-do and hand-to-hand conflict. Yet nineteenth-century plant extraction actually involved comparatively few feats of physical bravery or scenes of Boys’ Own high drama. The letters of Victorian commercial plant-hunters reveal that the removal and exportation of plants entailed the deployment of emerging colonial and national infrastructures together with complex regional and local networks and knowledge systems. Much of a plant-hunter's day-to-day life, tellingly, involved paperwork: submitting drafts and bills of exchange, sending letters and cables to employers, and completing bills of lading to ship plants, in stages, to Europe, where they were received at customs houses before journeying on, by rail and by road, to nurseries, collectors, and auction houses. At the same time, emerging colonial infrastructures only took hunters so far; local and traditional knowledge systems were essential as well. Plant-hunting depended upon the support, expertise, knowledge, and traditions of local people—a fact the enduring narrative of hand-to-hand conflict and triumphant British vanquishing seems structured carefully to conceal.
Dracula's Cold-Chain
Authors: Zieger Susan
Published: November 2024

Logistics is the science and art of moving goods, people, and information efficiently to maximize profit; though it has become synonymous with the rise of the shipping container, its history is as old as trade itself. At the end of the nineteenth century, the ancient human action of loading and shipping boxes became part of a globalizing network of refrigerated supply chains and transoceanic shipping. Appearing briefly as a detail in Bram Stoker's novel Dracula (1897), the “cold chain” nonetheless orchestrates the plot and governs the vampiric mythology. This temperature-cooled supply and distribution network imbued the times, spaces, and aesthetics of human life with the new capability to ship perishable food, or in the novel's metaphor, “un-death.”
Mourning and Melodrama: The Dorchester Labourers, Theatrical Fundraising, and Infrastructures of Mutual Support
Authors: Vargo Gregory
Published: November 2024

As part of the effort to secure the release of the Dorchester Labourers, a group of agricultural workers sentenced in 1834 to penal transportation, London theaters hosted four fundraising evenings for the prisoners and their families. A turning point in the popular stage, these evenings marked a moment when commercial venues became willing to ally with working-class protest movements. At three of the four events, the theaters mounted nautical melodramas. Using Judith Butler's theories of the political possibilities of mourning, this article argues that melodrama effectively explored the twinned crises of social austerity and political repression while imagining radical transformation emerging from loss.
Ships, Serials, and Infrastructures of Empire in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Pettitt Clare
Published: November 2024

The drive toward precision, punctuality, and an accurate global mapping of the ocean has always been in tension with the forces that undermine and undercut the attempt: human failure, bad weather, broken instruments, bad luck, and so on. The serial labor of embedding infrastructure is risky and requires both improvisatory skills and persistence. The ships that paid out the telegraph cable, and the many kinds of serial writing that took place onboard these ships, were all part of the infrastructural endeavor of the nineteenth century, and they anticipated the digital as much as the cables did themselves. If we think of their role as actively and serially remaking positionality in this uneven imperial world, we can think of serial data produced onboard moving ships in the nineteenth century as shaping an infrastructure that powerfully anticipates the digital.
Making space for grief: The impact of remembrance programs for pediatric healthcare providers
Authors: Wiener Lori , Nautiyal Parinita , McAdams Stacey , Zoosman Mike
Published: November 2024

Objectives

While caring for seriously ill children is a rewarding experience, pediatric healthcare providers may experience sadness and emotional distress when their patient dies. These feelings, particularly when not addressed, can lead to negative health and occupational outcomes. Remembrance practices can provide a safe space for staff to process their grief. This study explored pediatric healthcare providers’ perceptions of an annual Pediatric Remembrance Ceremony (PRC) and a quarterly program, Good Grief and Chocolate at Noon (GGCN), to learn what components of the programs were considered meaningful and the personal impact on those who attended. The programs pivoted to a virtual platform during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the study also assessed providers’ perspectives of attending the programs virtually.

Methods

A 19 multiple choice survey instrument was designed, reviewed, piloted, revised, and re-piloted by an interdisciplinary bereavement committee prior to administration. The survey included 2 open-ended questions, inviting additional insights into personal impact and future directions for remembrance programs. The survey was administered on an encrypted online platform.

Results

Components of the PRC respondents most valued included the opportunity for staff to choose a name of a patient they cared for and to light a candle for that patient as their name is read. Those who participated in GGCN found story sharing helpful, along with having a speaker address a topic around loss and grief during the second half of the session. Both programs provided reflection, solidarity, and memorialization. Most respondents prefer having both in-person and virtual options.

Significance of results

Healthcare providers are affected by the death of the children they care for and value opportunities provided to join colleagues in remembering their patients. The findings underscore the value of remembrance programs in supporting bereaved staff.
How Pilot Fatigue Affects Operational Flight Risk in Scheduled Commercial Aviation
Authors: Sieberichs Sebastian , Corrigan Siobhán , McDonald Nick
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Pilot fatigue remains a hazard in scheduled commercial aviation, contributing to 31 aircraft accidents between 2005 and 2022, according to International Air Transport Association (IATA) (2023) . Therefore, this study further investigated fatigue and its impact on operational flight risk in commercial aviation. More than 16,000 safety reports were analyzed using mixed methods. The results showed that fatigue-related occurrences were more likely to be reported confidentially. Factors contributing to an increased risk of fatigue included pilots’ personal factors, inadequate rest periods, or poor hotel environments. Fatigue was observed in 6% of all safety-related occurrences analyzed, but these events consumed 9% of the airlines’ risk budget. Further empirical research is required focusing on the influence of pilots’ personal factors on fatigue risk.
Prospects of Predicting the Polar Motion Based on the Results of the Second Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign
Authors: Kur Tomasz , Śliwińska‐Bronowicz Justyna , Wińska Malgorzata , Dobslaw Henryk , Nastula Jolanta , Partyka Aleksander , Belda Santiago , Bizouard Christian , Boggs Dale , Bruni Sara , Chen Lue , Chin Mike , Dhar Sujata , Dill Robert , Duan PengShuo , Ferrandiz Jose M. , Gou Junyang , Gross Richard , Guessoum Sonia , Han Songtao , Heinkelmann Robert , Huang ChengLi , Irrgang Christopher , Kudrys Jacek , Li Jia , Ligas Marcin , Liu Lintao , Lu Weitao , Mayer Volker , Miao Wei , Michalczak Maciej , Modiri Sadegh , Otten Michiel , Ratcliff Todd , Raut Shrishail , Saynisch‐Wagner Jan , Schartner Matthias , Schoenemann Erik , Schuh Harald , Shahvandi M. Kiani , Soja Benedikt , Su Xiaoqing , Thaller Daniela , Thomas Maik , Wang Guocheng , Wu Yuanwei , Xu CanCan , Xu Xueqing , Yang Xinyu , Zhao Xin , Zhou Zhijin
Published: November 2024

Growing interest in Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP) resulted in various approaches to the EOP prediction algorithms, as well as in the exploitation of distinct input data, including the observed EOP values from various operational data centers and modeled effective angular momentum functions. Considering these developments and recently emerged new methodologies, the Second Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign (2nd EOP PCC) was pursued in 2021–2022. The campaign was led by Centrum Badań Kosmicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk in cooperation with Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum and under the auspices of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service. This paper provides the analysis and evaluation of the polar motion predictions submitted during the 2nd EOP PCC with the prediction horizons between 10 and 30 days. Our analysis shows that predictions are highly reliable with only a few occasional discrepancies identified in the submitted files. We demonstrate the accuracy of EOP predictions by (a) calculating the mean absolute error relative to polar motion observations from September 2021 through December 2022 and (b) assessing the stability of the predictions in time. The analysis shows unequal results for the x and y components of polar motion (PMx and PMy, respectively). Predictions of PMy are usually more accurate and have a smaller spread across all submitted files when compared to PMx. We present an analysis of similarity between the participants to indicate what methods and input data give comparable output. We also prepared the ranking of prediction methods for polar motion summarizing the achievements of the campaign.
Seasonal and Local Time Variation in the Observed Peak of the Meteor Altitude Distributions by Meteor Radars
Authors: Dawkins E. C. M. , Janches D. , Stober G. , Carrillo‐Sánchez J. D. , Lieberman R. S. , Jacobi C. , Moffat‐Griffin T. , Mitchell N. J. , Cobbett N. , Batista P. P. , Andrioli V. F. , Buriti R. A. , Murphy D. J. , Kero J. , Gulbrandsen N. , Tsutsumi M. , Kozlovsky A. , Lester M. , Kim J.‐H. , Lee C. , Liu A. , Fuller B. , O’Connor D. , Palo S. E. , Taylor M. J. , Marino J. , Rainville N.
Published: November 2024

Meteoroids of sub‐milligram sizes burn up high in the Earth's atmosphere and cause streaks of plasma trails detectable by meteor radars. The altitude at which these trails, or meteors, form depends on a number of factors including atmospheric density and the astronomical source populations from which these meteoroids originate. A previous study has shown that the altitude of these meteors is affected by long‐term linear trends and the 11‐year solar cycle related to changes in our atmosphere. In this work, we examine how shorter diurnal and seasonal variations in the altitude distribution of meteors are dependent on the geographical location at which the measurements are performed. We use meteoroid altitude data from 18 independent meteor radar stations at a broad range of latitudes and investigate whether there are local time (LT) and seasonal variations in the altitude of the peak meteor height, defined as the majority detection altitude of all meteors within a certain period, which differ from those expected purely from the variation in the visibility of their astronomical source. We find a consistent LT and seasonal response for the Northern Hemisphere locations regardless of latitude. However, the Southern Hemisphere locations exhibit much greater LT and seasonal variation. In particular, we find a complex response in the four stations located within the Southern Andes region, which indicates that the strong dynamical atmospheric activity, such as the gravity waves prevalent here, disrupts, and masks the seasonality and dependence on the astronomical sources.
Mid‐Latitude Study of Ionospheric Variation Over Iran Associated With Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA), and Artificial Neural Networks Model Development
Authors: Vazifehkhah Hafteh M. , Mahmoudian A. , Yoshikawa A. , Girgis K.
Published: November 2024

The ionosphere over Iran is located on the upper edge of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA). The Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) as the proxy of temporal evolution of the EIA is explored using the MAGDAS stations near the magnetic equator during quiet and active geomagnetic conditions. The possible impact of EIA on Total Electron Content (TEC) over Iran is investigated. Analyzing data from 140 stations over 7 months, it is found that EEJ influences TEC and its latitudinal penetration. During geomagnetically active days, EEJ's behavior and TEC's latitudinal variations are investigated. Diurnal EEJ patterns and counter electrojets (CEJ) are analyzed, alongside solar wind timing effects on EEJ and TEC using data from stations in Brazil, Peru, the Philippines, and Sri Lanka. Statistical correlations between maximum TEC and parameters extracted from the daily EEJ profile, including EEJ, integrated EEJ (IEEJ), and IEEJ—highlight Iran's position at the EIA's upper edge, indicating high susceptibility to equatorial dynamics. In addition, the Rate of Total Electron Content Index (ROTI) has been analyzed under geomagnetic active conditions. The results demonstrate that ROTI exhibits good agreement with TEC in terms of latitude penetration and the detected gradient in TEC. Employing Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for local TEC prediction, Iran is segmented into eight regions based on GNSS receiver distribution. Each region's ANN model, trained during the quiet geomagnetic condition, assesses predictability and accuracy. The ANN model demonstrates reliable local TEC forecasting and confirms the direct impact of equatorial dynamics on Iran's ionosphere.
High-density, high-frequency and large-scale electrohydrodynamic drop-on-demand jetting via a protruding polymer-based printhead design
Authors: Duan Yongqing , Yang Weili , Wang Qiming , Sun Zhaoyang , Guo Haoyu , Yin Zhouping
Published: November 2024

Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has critical merits in micro/nanoscale additive manufacturing because of its ultrahigh resolution and wide ink compatibility, making it an advantageous choice for electronics manufacturing, high-resolution prototyping, and biological component fabrication. However, EHD printing is currently limited by its rather low throughput due to the lack of high-frequency and high-density multi-nozzle printheads. This paper presents a novel EHD printhead with a protruding polymer-based nozzle design. An insulated, hydrophobic, and protruding polymer nozzle array with an appropriate geometric structure can effectively address key problems in multi-nozzle jetting, such as electrical crosstalk, electrical discharge, liquid flooding, and nonuniform jetting. By investigating the influence of the electrical and geometric characteristics of the nozzle arrays on the electrical crosstalk behavior and fabricating the optimized nozzle array via MEMS technology, we achieve an EHD printhead with a large scale (256), high density (127 dpi), and high jetting frequency (23 kHz), and addressable jetting can be realized by adding independently controllable extractors underneath the nozzle array. Many functional materials, such as quantum dots, perovskite, and nanosilver inks, can be ejected into high-resolution patterns through the optimized nozzle array, demonstrating the great prospects of our designed printhead in electronics manufacturing. This MEMS-compatible printhead design lays the foundation for high-throughput fabrication of micro/nanostructures and promotes practical applications of EHD printing in functional electronics and biomedical/energy devices.
USP3 promotes DNA damage response and chemotherapy resistance through stabilizing and deubiquitinating SMARCA5 in prostate cancer
Authors: Li Sheng , Xiong Situ , Li Zhongqi , Yang Lin , Yang Hailang , Xiong Jing , Pan Wang , Guo Ju , Xu Songhui , Fu Bin
Published: November 2024

The chromatin-remodeling enzyme SMARCA5 plays a key role in DNA-templated events including transcription, DNA replication, and DNA repair. Loss of function of the SMARCA5 can cause neurodevelopmental disorder and Williams syndrome. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of SMARCA5 in prostate cancer remains largely elusive. Here, we report that the deubiquitinating enzyme USP3 directly interacts with SMARCA5 and removes K63-linked polyubiquitination of SMARCA5 to maintain its stability, which promotes DNA damage repair and chemotherapy resistance. Depletion of USP3 or SMARCA5 promoted PCa cells sensitive to docetaxel and overexpression of USP3 restored the cells resistance to docetaxel treatment in SMARCA5 silenced cells in vitro and vivo. Clinically, USP3 was significantly up-regulated in prostate cancer tissues and positively associated with SMARCA5 expression. Collectively, our findings uncover a novel molecular mechanism for the USP3-SMARCA5 axis in regulating DSB repair with an important role in chemotherapy response in human prostate cancers, highlighting that targeting USP3-SMARCA5 axis could be a valuable strategy to treat USP3/SMARCA5-overexpressing chemotherapy-resistant patients and improve drug treatment.
On the nature of hydrogen bonding in the H2S dimer
Authors: Jäger Svenja , Khatri Jai , Meyer Philipp , Henkel Stefan , Schwaab Gerhard , Nandi Apurba , Pandey Priyanka , Barlow Kayleigh R. , Perkins Morgan A. , Tschumper Gregory S. , Bowman Joel M. , van der Avoird Ad , Havenith Martina
Published: November 2024

Hydrogen bonding is a central concept in chemistry and biochemistry, and so it continues to attract intense study. Here, we examine hydrogen bonding in the H2S dimer, in comparison with the well-studied water dimer, in unprecedented detail. We record a mass-selected IR spectrum of the H2S dimer in superfluid helium nanodroplets. We are able to resolve a rotational substructure in each of the three distinct bands and, based on it, assign these to vibration-rotation-tunneling transitions of a single intramolecular vibration. With the use of high-level potential and dipole-moment surfaces we compute the vibration-rotation-tunneling dynamics and far-infrared spectrum with rigorous quantum methods. Intramolecular mode Vibrational Self-Consistent-Field and Configuration-Interaction calculations provide the frequencies and intensities of the four SH-stretch modes, with a focus on the most intense, the donor bound SH mode which yields the experimentally observed bands. We show that the intermolecular modes in the H2S dimer are substantially more delocalized and more strongly mixed than in the water dimer. The less directional nature of the hydrogen bonding can be quantified in terms of weaker electrostatic and more important dispersion interactions. The present study reconciles all previous spectroscopic data, and serves as a sensitive test for the potential and dipole-moment surfaces.
Repeat-based holocentromeres of the woodrush Luzula sylvatica reveal insights into the evolutionary transition to holocentricity
Authors: Mata-Sucre Yennifer , Krátká Marie , Oliveira Ludmila , Neumann Pavel , Macas Jiří , Schubert Veit , Huettel Bruno , Kejnovský Eduard , Houben Andreas , Pedrosa-Harand Andrea , Souza Gustavo , Marques André
Published: November 2024

In most studied eukaryotes, chromosomes are monocentric, with centromere activity confined to a single region. However, the rush family (Juncaceae) includes species with both monocentric (Juncus) and holocentric (Luzula) chromosomes, where centromere activity is distributed along the entire chromosome length. Here, we combine chromosome-scale genome assembly, epigenetic analysis, immuno-FISH and super-resolution microscopy to study the transition to holocentricity in Luzula sylvatica. We report repeat-based holocentromeres with an irregular distribution of features along the chromosomes. Luzula sylvatica holocentromeres are predominantly associated with two satellite DNA repeats (Lusy1 and Lusy2), while CENH3 also binds satellite-free gene-poor regions. Comparative repeat analysis suggests that Lusy1 plays a crucial role in centromere function across most Luzula species. Furthermore, synteny analysis between L. sylvatica (n = 6) and Juncus effusus (n = 21) suggests that holocentric chromosomes in Luzula could have arisen from chromosome fusions of ancestral monocentric chromosomes, accompanied by the expansion of CENH3-associated satellite repeats.
Atomically precise copper clusters with dual sites for highly chemoselective and efficient hydroboration
Authors: Jia Teng , Ai Jie , Li Xiaoguang , Zhang Miao-Miao , Hua Yue , Li Yi-Xin , Sun Cai-Fang , Liu Feng , Huang Ren-Wu , Wang Zheng , Zang Shuang-Quan
Published: November 2024

The hydroboration of alkynes into vinylboronate esters is a vital transformation, but achieving high chemoselectivity of targeted functional groups and an appreciable turnover number is a considerable challenge. Herein, we develop two dynamically regulating dual-catalytic-site copper clusters (Cu4NC and Cu8NC) bearing N-heterocyclic thione ligands that endow Cu4NC and Cu8NC catalysts with performance. In particular, the performance of microcrystalline Cu4NC in hydroboration is characterized by a high turnover number (77786), a high chemoselectivity, high recovery and reusability under mild conditions. Mechanistic studies and density functional theory calculations reveal that, compared with the Cu8NC catalyst, the Cu4NC catalyst has a lower activation energy for hydroboration, accounting for its high catalytic activity. This work reveals that precisely constructed cluster catalysts with dual catalytic sites may provide a way to substantially improve catalytic properties by fully leveraging synergistic interactions and dynamic ligand effects, thus promoting the development of cluster catalysts.
Systemic inflammation accelerates neurodegeneration in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease overexpressing human alpha synuclein
Authors: Massaro Cenere Mariangela , Tiberi Marta , Paldino Emanuela , D’Addario Sebastian Luca , Federici Mauro , Giacomet Cecilia , Cutuli Debora , Matteocci Alessandro , Cossa Francesca , Zarrilli Beatrice , Casadei Nicolas , Ledonne Ada , Petrosini Laura , Berretta Nicola , Fusco Francesca Romana , Chiurchiù Valerio , Mercuri Nicola B.
Published: November 2024

Increasing efforts have been made to elucidate how genetic and environmental factors interact in Parkinson’s disease (PD). In the present study, we assessed the development of symptoms on a genetic PD rat model that overexpresses human α-synuclein (Snca+/+) at a presymptomatic age, exposed to a pro-inflammatory insult by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), using immunohistology, high-dimensional flow cytometry, constant potential amperometry, and behavioral analyses. A single injection of LPS into WT and Snca+/+ rats triggered long-lasting increase in the activation of pro-inflammatory microglial markers, monocytes, and T lymphocytes. However, only LPS Snca+/+ rats showed dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), associated with a reduction in the release of evoked dopamine in the striatum. No significant changes were observed in the behavioral domain. We propose our double-hit animal as a reliable model to investigate the mechanisms whereby α-synuclein and inflammation interact to promote neurodegeneration in PD.
Well Pattern optimization as a planning process using a novel developed optimization algorithm
Authors: Zaheri Seyed Hayan , Hosseini Mahdi , Fathinasab Mohammad
Published: November 2024

Determination of optimum well location and operational settings for existing and new wells is crucial for maximizing production in field development. These optimum conditions depend on geological and petrophysical factors, fluid flow regimes, and economic variables. However, conducting numerous simulations for various parameters can be time-consuming and costly. Also, due to the high dimension of the possible solutions, there is still no general approach to address this problem. The application of searching algorithm as a general approach to solve such problems has received much attention in recent years. In this study, the efficiency, and reliability of genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization and in particular a newly developed algorithm was analyzed and compared. The novelty of this work is the integrated algorithm, which improves searching performance by leveraging the memorizing characteristics of the particle swarm optimization algorithm to enhance genetic algorithm efficiency. In traditional genetic algorithms, solutions lacking adequate qualifications are deleted from the algorithmic process; however, the new algorithm provides these solutions with additional opportunities to prove themselves by acquiring new velocities from particle swarm optimization. The results indicate that while the genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization do not guarantee optimal outcomes, the newly developed algorithm outperforms both methods. This performance was tested across various scenarios focused on well pattern optimization, highlighting its innovative contribution to the field development.
Thermodynamic linear algebra
Authors: Aifer Maxwell , Donatella Kaelan , Gordon Max Hunter , Duffield Samuel , Ahle Thomas , Simpson Daniel , Crooks Gavin , Coles Patrick J.
Published: November 2024

Linear algebra is central to many algorithms in engineering, science, and machine learning; hence, accelerating it would have tremendous economic impact. Quantum computing has been proposed for this purpose, although the resource requirements are far beyond current technological capabilities. We consider an alternative physics-based computing paradigm based on classical thermodynamics, to provide a near-term approach to accelerating linear algebra. At first sight, thermodynamics and linear algebra seem to be unrelated fields. Here, we connect solving linear algebra problems to sampling from the thermodynamic equilibrium distribution of a system of coupled harmonic oscillators. We present simple thermodynamic algorithms for solving linear systems of equations, computing matrix inverses, and computing matrix determinants. Under reasonable assumptions, we rigorously establish asymptotic speedups for our algorithms, relative to digital methods, that scale linearly in matrix dimension. Our algorithms exploit thermodynamic principles like ergodicity, entropy, and equilibration, highlighting the deep connection between these two seemingly distinct fields, and opening up algebraic applications for thermodynamic computers.
Exploring gunshot residue detection in fingerprints by functionalized particle-coupled matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Adav Sunil S. , Tan Yan Wen Crystal , Low Choon Teck , Loo Song Wei , Yusoff Ridhwan , Gautam Archana , Yong Yuk Lin , Yang Chiew Yung , Lim Chin Chin , Ng Kee Woei
Published: November 2024

In firearm forensic investigations, detecting gunshot residue (GSR) is crucial for linking firearms to suspects and determining firing distance for forensic reconstruction.
Xylan-based near-infrared fluorescent probes for monitoring viscosity abnormalities in living cells and zebrafish
Authors: Li Shen , Dong Wenchan , Yang HongKun , Sun Pengfei , Luo Jinlan , Kong Fangong , Liu Keyin
Published: November 2024

Viscosity is a crucial indicator of the flow state of proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides in the cell microenvironment and plays a vital role in maintaining normal cellular activities.
Loss of fluorine during crosslinking by the biarylitide P450Blt proceeds due to restricted peptide orientation
Authors: Zhao Yongwei , Gullick Jemma , Hansen Mathias H. , Coe Laura , Treisman Maxine , Schittenhelm Ralf B. , McKay Alasdair , Murray Lauren A. M. , Tailhades Julien , De Voss James J. , Krenske Elizabeth H. , Cryle Max J.
Published: November 2024

Crosslinking of the ribosomal peptide by Cytochrome P450Blt leads to the formation of a C–N bond with specific loss of fluorine during the reaction.
A red turn-on fluorescent probe reveals elevated H2O2 in cell anesthesia
Authors: Du Longjie , Ning Yu , Li Wentao , Kan Jianfei , Li Jianchun , Wang Jinhong , Wang Min , Li Yanxiang , Zhou Jin
Published: November 2024

Cognitive dysfunction is an important central nervous system related adverse reaction of intravenous anesthetics. To further understand the role of H2O2, a fluorescent probe (LJ-1) was constructed, specifically detecting H2O2 in cell anesthesia.
Employing a MoO2@NiO heterojunction as a highly selective and efficient electrochemical ethanol-to-acetaldehyde conversion catalyst
Authors: Wu Junhao , Zhang Xiao , Ren Sijia , Lu Xinhui , Yang Jiaxin , Li Kui
Published: November 2024

The electrochemical manipulation of organic compounds offers a promising alternative for the synthesis of valuable organic materials under mild conditions.
Effects of oxide platforms on the dynamics and reduction characteristics of hydrogen spillover
Authors: Shun Kazuki , Fujimoto Akihito , Mori Kohsuke , Yamashita Hiromi
Published: November 2024

The interparticle hydrogen spillover can be facilitated over TiO2 and WO3 as a consequence of the interfacial diffusion of H+ and e− pairs, while the e− diffusion coupled with H+ is inhibited on MgO and CeO2.
Intrinsic immunomodulatory hydrogels for chronic inflammation
Authors: Qian Yuna , Ding Jiayi , Zhao Rui , Song Yang , Yoo Jiyoung , Moon Huiyeon , Koo Seyoung , Kim Jong Seung , Shen Jianliang
Published: November 2024

This tutorial review presents the development of advanced immunomodulatory hydrogels strategically designed to address chronic inflammation through their intrinsic properties.
Multifunctional chiral metal hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks constructed from lanthanide ions with a trigonal prismatic coordination environment
Authors: Peng Guo , Zhou Guo-Xing , Dong Xiang-Tao , Peng Yong-Bo , Zhang Rong-Yan , Ma Ying-Zhao , Ren Xiao-Ming
Published: November 2024

Four multifunctional chiral lanthanide hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks with second harmonic generation, single molecule magnet behavior and proton conductive ability are reported herein.
A new type of lanthanide–sodium metalloring organic framework featuring high proton conduction in a wide temperature range and detection of Fe3+ ions
Authors: Liu Lizhen , Zhu Gaoyong , Yang Kang , Chen Yaozong , Hong Yuan , Bo Yiyang , Wu Susu , Peng Xiangfang , Yao Zizhu
Published: November 2024

The unprecedented octanuclear lanthanide–sodium metalloring cluster organic framework exhibits proton conductivity in a wide operating temperature range and sensitive sensing of iron ions.
Heats of formation on the way from B2H6 to B20H16: thermochemical consequences of multicenter bonding in ab initio and DFT methods
Authors: Fanfrlík Jindřich , Řezáč Jan , Hnyk Drahomír , Holub Josef
Published: November 2024

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of various computational methods in reproducing the experimental heats of formation of boron hydrides using the atomization energy approach.
Correction: FeS colloids – formation and mobilization pathways in natural waters
Authors: Noël Vincent , Kumar Naresh , Boye Kristin , Barragan Lilia , Lezama-Pacheco Juan S. , Chu Rosalie , Tolic Nikola , Brown Gordon E. , Bargar John R.
Published: November 2024

Correction for ‘FeS colloids – formation and mobilization pathways in natural waters’ by Vincent Noël et al., Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2020, 7, 2102–2116, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9EN01427F.
Photo-Induced FeCl3-catalysed direct denitrative chlorination of (hetero)nitroarenes at room temperature
Authors: Deng Mingjing , Liu Ke , Ma Zhaolun , Luo Guanzhong , Dian Longyang
Published: November 2024

We present herein an iron-catalyzed direct denitrative chlorination of (hetero)nitroarenes at room temperature under near visible light irradiation.
1D/3D hierarchical carbon skeleton confined NiFe nanoparticles with optimized three-phase interfaces as tri-functional electrocatalysts
Authors: Chen Yuqing , Liu Binyang , Liu Xuesong , Ye Jiahui , Deng Kuan , Wu Chengjie , Niu Qiang , Yang Tao , Tian Wen , Ji Junyi
Published: November 2024

Multilevel 1D/3D CNTs/carbon spheres with hydrophilicity can promote the infiltration of an electrolyte into the interior and guide bubble diffusion, thus constructing an optimal gas–solid–liquid interface to enhance the electrocatalytic process.
High-voltage stability and electrochemical performance of polyacrylic acid–xanthan gum copolymer-reinforced LiCoO2 cathode material
Authors: Gou Xiaoli , Wang Jiaqing , Zhu Fuliang , Meng Yanshuang
Published: November 2024

High-voltage LiCoO2 (LCO) cathode materials are in increasing demand in industry, but their stability is greatly affected by serious irreversible phase transitions and interfacial reactions at high voltages.
Anticorrosive performance of thiophene-based inhibitor-reinforced PVB coating on mild steel: an inclusive approach to the structural advantage of corrosion inhibitors
Authors: Purushothaman Palani , Karpagam Subramanian , Katiyan Mohammed Rehan , Sakvai Mohammed Safiullah
Published: November 2024

This paper highlights importance of structural design in achieving high-performance organic corrosion inhibitors and provides a novel pathway for developing eco-friendly solutions for corrosion prevention in various industries.
Differential Mg2+ deposition on DNA Holliday Junctions dictates the rate and stability of conformational exchange
Authors: Agarwala Pratibha , Pal Arumay , Hazra Milan Kumar , Sasmal Dibyendu K.
Published: November 2024

DNA Holliday junctions (HJs) are crucial intermediates in genetic recombination and genome repair processes, characterized by a dynamic nature and transitioning among multiple conformations on the timescale ranging from sub-milliseconds to seconds.
GeSe-embedded metal–oxide double heterojunctions for facilitating self-biased and efficient NIR photodetection
Authors: Hussain Muhammad , Abbas Sohail , Qazi Usama Waleed , Riaz Muhammad , Ali Asif , Wahab Fazal , Fatima Anis , Hussain Sajjad , Sofer Zdeněk , Jung Jongwan
Published: November 2024

Infrared radiation detection is significantly important in communication, imaging, and sensing fields.
Material-independent film formation and autonomous degradation of Cu2+-tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone metal–organic complexes
Authors: Rheem Hyeong Bin , Nguyen Duc Tai , Choi Insung S.
Published: November 2024

This work demonstrates the controlled, material-and-shape-independent film formation of redox-active Cu2+-tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone metal–organic complexes and their autonomous disassembly and degradation in response to oxygen.
Recent advances in the total synthesis of alkaloids using chiral secondary amine organocatalysts
Authors: Nakashima Yuta , Rakumitsu Kenta , Ishikawa Hayato
Published: November 2024

In this review, we provide an overview of alkaloid syntheses reported since 2017, categorized by scaffold, with a focus on key steps involving asymmetric reactions catalyzed by secondary amine organocatalysts.
Analysis of the cryptic biosynthetic gene cluster encoding the RiPP curacozole reveals a phenylalanine-specific peptide hydroxylase
Authors: Hollands Samantha , Tasch Julia , Simon David J. , Wassouf Dimah , Barber Isobel , Gessner Arne , Bechthold Andreas , Zechel David L.
Published: November 2024

The noncanonical biosynthesis of curacozole by Streptomyces curacoi is shown to be dependent on the bldA-encoded Leu-tRNAUUA. The minimal biosynthetic gene cluster is defined, and the functions of key biosynthetic enzymes are established in vitro.
From small changes to big gains: pyridinium-based tetralactam macrocycle for enhanced sugar recognition in water
Authors: Zhai Canjia , Zulueta Ethan Cross , Mariscal Alexander , Xu Chengkai , Cui Yunpeng , Wang Xudong , Wu Huang , Doan Carson , Wojtas Lukasz , Zhang Haixin , Cai Jianfeng , Ye Libin , Wang Kun , Liu Wenqi
Published: November 2024

Incorporating pyridinium into an anthracene-based macrocycle significantly enhances its sugar binding affinity by increasing hydrogen bonding and expanding the contact surface area.
Regioselectivity switches between anthraquinone precursor fissions involved in bioactive xanthone biosynthesis
Authors: Lv Xiao Jing , Ai Chun Zhi , Zhang Li Rong , Ma Xiu Xiu , Zhang Juan Juan , Zhu Jia Peng , Tan Ren Xiang
Published: November 2024

BruN and BTG13 cleave chrysophanol hydroquinone into monodictyphenone and cephalanone F, respectively, with the regioselectivities found tunable via the key amino acid (AA) substitution strategy.
Structural constraint at a P–P bond: phosphinophosphination of alkenes, alkynes, and carbonyls by a concerted mechanism
Authors: You Lijun , Roth Daniel , Greb Lutz
Published: November 2024

A structural constraint approach at a P–P bond is presented that enables the phosphinophosphination of alkynes, alkenes, and carbonyls with high regio- and diastereoselectivity. The apolar nature of the P–P bond facilitates a concerted mechanism.
Correction: Catalytic generation of ortho-quinone dimethides via donor/donor rhodium carbenes
Authors: Gao Mingchun , Ruiz Jose M. , Jimenez Emily , Lo Anna , Laconsay Croix J. , Fettinger James C. , Tantillo Dean J. , Shaw Jared T.
Published: November 2024

Correction for ‘Catalytic generation of ortho-quinone dimethides via donor/donor rhodium carbenes’ by Mingchun Gao et al., Chem. Sci., 2023, 14, 6443–6448, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC00734K.
Shape memory and recovery mechanism in hard magnetic soft materials
Authors: Jia Rong , Tan Kai , Deng Qian
Published: November 2024

Two parts are integrated to close a circle: shape memory and recovery of hard-magnetic soft materials (HMSMs).
Optimal spatial arrangement of modules for large‐scale photovoltaic farms in complex topography
Authors: Tai Xu , Ru Hanlin , Wu Fei , Zhao Wanbing , Ding Yifan , Yang Qiang
Published: November 2024

The existing methods for determining the module arrangement in photovoltaic (PV) farms are considered insufficient as they are generally limited to the environment of flat ground without considering both physical and electrical factors. The orientations of PV modules may be very diverse when installed in places with complex topography, e.g. mountains and abandoned mine sites. Thus, the received irradiance by the modules is inconsistent directly results in current differences and hence leads to significant mismatch loss in the PV arrays. This paper proposes a solution to determine the most appropriate combination of tilts and orientations of PV modules as well as the arrangement of PV arrays. The complex topographies are fully considered to minimize the mismatch loss phenomenon, and hence the power generation degradation. The solution adopts a set of models, i.e. the irradiation model for the calculation of optimal module tilts and orientations, the shadow model for shadow effect analysis, and the mismatch model for mismatch condition analysis. A two‐layer multi‐objective optimization is implemented for the optimal arrangement. The proposed solution is assessed through the case study of a 30 MW PV farm. The result confirms the effectiveness of the proposed solution for the optimal spatial module placement.
Multi‐timescale optimal scheduling of microgrids for generating new energy output scenarios based on correction error sampling intervals
Authors: Wang Ruimiao , Fan Xiaowei , Yang Haifeng , Dong Guangde , Yang Yi , Wang Jingang
Published: November 2024

Microgrid can realize energy saving and emission reduction and multi‐energy complementation, but the fluctuation of renewable energy output and the error of day‐ahead scheduling will threaten the stability of microgrid operation. For this reason, this article proposes a microgrid multi‐timescale optimal scheduling method based on new energy output scenario generation. First, the microgrid framework of this article is introduced, and an energy cycle emission reduction model taking into account electricity‐to‐gas conversion is designed; second, a new energy prediction error model is established based on the prediction box and Gaussian hybrid model, and the scenario of wind and photovoltaic power generation is generated by correcting the sampling intervals for error sampling; and then, based on the day‐ahead scheduling plan, an intraday cooling, heating and electricity two‐layer rolling optimization model is established to correct the day‐ahead scenario. Finally, the example analysis shows that the cyclic emission reduction model can realize the recycling of resources, reduce the fuel cost and carbon emission, and the generation of scenarios for wind power can smooth out the fluctuation of new energy power, which, together with the intra‐day two‐layer rolling optimization, can reduce the day‐ahead scheduling error and improve the stability of microgrid operation.
Diffuse radio sky models using large-scale shapelets
Authors: Yatawatta S.
Published: November 2024

Aims. Sky models used in radio interferometric data-processing primarily consist of compact and discrete radio sources. When there is a need to model large-scale diffuse structure such as the Galaxy, specialized source models are sought after for the sake of simplicity and computational efficiency. We propose the use of shapelet basis functions for modeling the large-scale diffuse structure in various radio interferometric data-processing pipelines.

Methods. The conventional source model construction using shapelet basis functions is restricted to using images of smaller size due to limitations in computational resources such as memory. We propose a novel shapelet decomposition method to lift this restriction, enabling the use of images of millions of pixels (as well as a wide spectral bandwidth) for building models of large-scale diffuse structure. Furthermore, the application of direction-dependent errors onto diffuse sky models is an expensive operation that is often performed as a convolution. We propose using some specific properties of shapelet basis functions to apply these direction-dependent errors as a product of the model coefficients, which avoids the need for convolution.

Results. We provide results based on simulations and real observations. In order to measure the efficacy of our proposed method in modeling large-scale diffuse structure, we considered the direction-dependent calibration of simulated as well as real LOFAR observations that have a significant number of diffuse large-scale structure. The results show that by including large-scale shapelet models of the diffuse sky, we are able to overcome a major problem of existing calibration techniques, which do not model this large-scale diffuse structure, that is, the suppression of this large-scale diffuse structure because the model is incomplete.