bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in Emergency Department Performance during Strike of Junior Physicians in Korea
Authors: Sim Jeongyong , Choi Yuri , Jeong Jinwoo
Published: July 2021

Objective. A nationwide strike that took place from August 21 to September 7, 2020, which was led by young doctors represented by residents and interns, resulted in shortages of manpower at almost all university and training hospitals. This study aimed to identify differences in the process and outcomes of emergency department (ED) patient care by comparing the performance over about 2 weeks of the strike with that during the usual ED operations. Methods. This retrospective observational study evaluated ED flow and performance during the junior doctors’ strike and compared it with the usual period in a single tertiary-care academic hospital. The outcome variables were defined as ED length of stay, crude mortality, and hospital mortality and adjusted for demographic and clinical parameters. The effect of the doctors’ strike on hospital mortality adjusted for demographic and clinical variables was investigated using logistic regression. Results. A total of 1,121 and 1,496 patients visited the ED during the strike and control periods (both 17 days), respectively. The care usually provided by four or six physicians, including one specialist, was replaced with that by one or two specialists at any one time. During the trainee doctors’ strike, EM specialists managed patients with fewer consultations. However, the proportion of patients who underwent laboratory and radiologic tests did not change significantly. The median ED length of stay significantly decreased from 359 minutes (interquartile range, IQR: 147–391) in the control period to 326 minutes (IQR: 123–318) during the strike period

P
<
0.001

. The doctors’ strike was not found to have a significant effect on mortality after adjustments with other variables. Conclusion. During the junior doctors’ strike in 2020 in Korea, EM specialists efficiently managed the care of emergency patients with higher levels of acuity without compromising the survival rate, through fewer consultations and faster disposition.
The Unusual Journey of a Pericardial Drainage Catheter in Pentalogy of Cantrell
Authors: Ivy Margaret P. , Morgan Gareth J. , Zablah Jenny E.
Published: July 2021

A 4-month-old male infant diagnosed with Pentalogy of Cantrell presented to the cardiac catheterization laboratory with a large pericardial effusion. During an urgent pericardial drain placement, the patient, whose prior hemodynamics and clinical findings had suggested a noncritical cardiac lesion, had a profound desaturation, with echocardiography suggesting minimal or no flow across the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). The position of the drainage catheter on fluoroscopy and echocardiography suggested that the spell was being caused by obstruction of the main pulmonary artery (MPA) by the pericardial drain. After partially withdrawing the drain to reposition it, there was immediate resolution of the hypoxemia, and echocardiography once again showed adequate flow across the outflow tract.
[Retracted] Integration and Fusion of Geologic Hazard Data under Deep Learning and Big Data Analysis Technology
Authors: He Feng , Liu Chunxue , Liu Hongjiang
Published: July 2021

To discuss the analysis and evaluation of highway landslides, the application of data mining methods combined with deep learning frameworks in geologic hazard evaluation and monitoring is explored preliminarily. On the premise of optimizing the processing of landslide images, first, the Blind/Referenceless Image Spatial Quality Evaluator (BRISQUE) based on the natural statistical characteristics of the spatial domain is introduced, which is initially combined with Super‐Resolution Convolutional Neural Network (SRCNN). Then, the AlexNet is fine‐tuned and applied to highway landslide monitoring and surveying. Finally, an entropy weight gray clustering evaluation method based on data mining analysis is proposed, and the performances of several methods are verified. The results show that the average score of the BRISQUE algorithm in Image Quality Assessment (IQA) is above 0.9, and the average running time is 0.1523 s. The combination of BRISQUE and SRCNN can improve the image quality significantly. After fine‐tuning, the recognition accuracy of AlexNet for landslide images can reach about 80%. The evaluation method based on gray clustering can effectively determine the correlation between soil moisture content and slope angle and thereby be applied to the analysis and evaluation of highway landslides. The results are beneficial to the judgment and assessment of highway landslide conditions, which can be extended to research on other geologic hazards.
Study on Water Characteristic Curve and Shear Characteristics of Typical Unsaturated Silty Clay in Shaoxing
Authors: Wu Ruiqian , Tang Youzhi , Li Shaohe , Wang Wei , Jiang Ping , Yang Guang
Published: July 2021

In order to probe into one simplified method to predict the shear strength of Shaoxing unsaturated silty clay, the test method combining unsaturated soil consolidation instrument and conventional direct shear instrument is used to study the shear strength, and the method is compared and verified with the results of equal suction direct shear test. The research results show that the soil water characteristic curve fitted by the measured data points and VG model has obvious stage characteristics in the range of 0~38 kPa, 38~910 kPa, and 910~10000 kPa. The shear strength of unsaturated soil measured by consolidation meter combined with conventional direct shear test is in good agreement with that measured by equal suction direct shear test in the range of 0~500 kPa. The results show that the shear strength, total cohesion, and effective internal friction angle of soil increase slightly with the increase of matric suction in the range of 0~38 kPa. When the matric suction increases from 38 kPa to 500 kPa, the shear strength and total cohesion force of the soil have similar stage characteristics with the SWCC, which first increases and then tends to be stable, while the effective internal friction angle changes slightly. Finally, taking the air-entry value as the demarcation point, an improved model of unsaturated shear strength is proposed by analyzing the error value. Compared with the measured value, the absolute value of relative error is basically kept in the range of 5%~10%, which is close to the measured value.
Berbamine Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Migration and Induces Cell Death of Lung Cancer Cells via Regulating c-Maf, PI3K/Akt, and MDM2-P53 Pathways
Authors: Liu Lili , Xu Zhiying , Yu Binbin , Tao Li , Cao Ying
Published: July 2021

Berbamine (BBM) is a natural product isolated from Berberis amurensis Rupr. We investigated the influence of BBM on the cell viability, proliferation, and migration of lung cancer cells and explored the possible mechanisms. The cell viability and proliferation of lung cancer cells were evaluated by MTT assay, EdU assay, and colony formation assay. Migration and invasion abilities of cancer cells were determined through wound scratch assay and Transwell assay. Cell death was evaluated by cell death staining assay and ELISA. The expressions of proteins were evaluated using western blot assay. A xenograft mouse model derived from non-small-cell lung cancer cells was used to detect the effect of BBM on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Both colony formation and EdU assays results revealed that BBM (10 μM) significantly inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells (

P
<
0.001

). BBM (10 μM) also significantly inhibited the migration and invasion ability of cancer cells in wound scratch and Transwell assays. Trypan blue assay and ELISA revealed that BBM (20 μM) significantly induced cell death of A549 cells. In xenograft mouse models, the tumor volume was significantly smaller in mice treated with BBM (20 mg/kg). The western blotting assay showed that BBM inhibited the PI3K/Akt and MDM2-p53 signaling pathways, and BBM downregulated the expression of c-Maf. Our results show that BBM inhibits proliferation and metastasis and induces cell death of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. These effects may be achieved by BBM reducing the expression of c-Maf and regulating the PI3K/Akt and MDM2-p53 pathways.
Impact of Different Extraction Methods on Furanosesquiterpenoids Content and Antibacterial Activity of Commiphora myrrha Resin
Authors: Alqahtani Ali S. , Herqash Rashed N. , Noman Omar M. , Tabish Rehman Md. , Shahat Abdelaaty A. , Alajmi Mohamed F. , Nasr Fahd A.
Published: July 2021

The oleo-gum-resin of Commiphora myrrha is one of the most known natural antimicrobial agents, mainly due to its furanosesquiterpenes. A validated method based on sample extraction by matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) followed by high-performance column chromatography (HPLC) determination is applied to analyze two furanosesquiterpenoids, namely, 2-methoxyfuranodiene (CM-1) and 2-acetoxyfuranodiene (CM-2), existing in C. myrrha. The trial parameters that controlled the extraction prospective were studied and optimized. These include the nature of dispersant, mass ratio of sample to the dispersant, and the volume of elution solvent. A comparative antimicrobial study that used the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Assay (MIC) method between MSPD, ultrasonic, and Soxhlet of myrrh extracts was also conducted. The optimal MSPD parameters used were (i) 15 mL of methanol applied as elution solvent; (ii) silica gel/sample mass at a 2 : 1 ratio; and (iii) a dispersing sorbent selected as silica gel. Technique retrievals were regulated from 96.87% to 100.54%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 1.24% to 4.45%. Commiphora myrrha-MSPD (CM-MSPD) extract showed the highest antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (156.25 μg/mL and 312.5 μg/mL, respectively) and antifungal activity (156.25 μg/mL). Yields acquired through the MSPD technique were larger than yields from other extraction techniques (sonication and traditional reflux extraction methods) with less consumption of time, sample, and solvent. The mode of antibacterial action of CM-1 and CM-2 was elucidated by performing molecular docking with bacterial DNA gyrase. Both the compounds interacted with key residues of DNA gyrase.
A Diagnostic Analysis Workflow to Optimal Multiple Tumor Markers to Predict the Nonmetastatic Breast Cancer from Breast Lumps
Authors: Jiang Nan , Tian Tian , Chen Xianyang , Zhang Guofen , Pan Lijie , Yan Chengping , Yang Guoshan , Wang Lili , Cao Xuchen , Wang Xin
Published: July 2021

Objective. To assess the diagnostic performance of clinically common single markers and combinations to distinguish nonmetastatic breast cancer and benign breast tumor. A predictive model with a better diagnostic ability for nonmetastatic breast cancer was established by using the diagnostic process. Methods. A total of 222 patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer and 265 patients with benign breast disease were enrolled in this study. CEA, Ca 15-3, Ca 125, Ca 72-4, CYFRA 21-1, FERR, AFP, and NSE were measured by an electrochemiluminescent immunoenzymometric assay on the Elecsys system. There are four key steps for our diagnostic workflow, that is, feature selection, algorithm selection, parameter optimization, and outer test data was used to validate the optimal algorithm and markers. Results. CEA, Ca 15-3, CYFRA 21-1, AFP, and FERR were selected using the t-test in our inner development set. The optimal algorithm among logical regression, decision tree, support vector machine, random forest, and gradient boost machine was selected by 10-fold cross-validation, and we found that random forest and logistic regression are the better classification. The outer test data was used to validate the best markers and classification. The random forest with CEA, Ca 15-3, CYFRA 21-1, AFP, and FERR showed the optimal combination for distinguishing breast cancer and benign breast disease. The AUC value was 0.888, the cut-off point was 0.484, and sensitivity and specificity were 78.9% and 90.1%. Conclusions. No single marker of these eight markers was good at identifying nonmetastatic breast cancer from benign tumors. But a diagnostic analysis workflow was established to develop a predictive model with better diagnostic capability for nonmetastatic breast cancer. This workflow is also applicable to the optimization of other disease markers and diagnostic models. The predictive model showed good diagnostic performance, and it could be gradually incorporated as a support method for the diagnosis of nonmetastatic breast cancer.
A Fixed Point Technique for Set-Valued Contractions with Supportive Applications
Authors: Hammad Hasanen A. , De la Sen Manuel
Published: July 2021

In this manuscript, exciting fixed point results for a pair of multivalued mappings justifying rational Gupta-Saxena type

Ω

-contractions in the setting of extended

b

-metric-like spaces are established. The theoretical results have also been strengthened by some nontrivial examples. Finally, the theoretical results are used to study the existence of the solution of Fredholm integral equation which arises from the damped harmonic oscillator, to study initial value problem which arises from Newton’s law of cooling and to study infinite systems of fractional ordinary differential equations (ODEs).
[Retracted] Research on Book Recommendation Algorithm Based on Collaborative Filtering and Interest Degree
Authors: Wang Zhi Hui , Hou De Zhi
Published: July 2021

With the increase of library collections, it is difficult for readers to quickly find the books they want when choosing books. Book recommendation system is becoming more and more important. Based on the previous research, this paper proposes a book recommendation algorithm based on collaborative filtering and interest. Take the interest of the book itself as an important measurement index, including the number of searches, borrowing time, borrowing times, borrowing interval, and renewal times. Through the analysis of MAE and RMSE experiments, the results show that the method proposed in this paper converges faster than the traditional method.
The Effect of the Addition of Chokeberry Fiber on the Quality of Sheep’s Milk Fermented by Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus acidophilus
Authors: Szajnar K. , Pawlos M. , Znamirowska A.
Published: July 2021

The global market for sheep’s milk and its products is increasing due to higher demand for cheese and traditional dairy products, and as a novelty, sheep’s milk is an ingredient in infant formulas and nutraceuticals. The aim of this study was to determine the properties of fermented sheep’s milk, which combines probiotic benefits with increased dietary fiber content. The influence of the applied dose of chokeberry fiber on the growth of living cells of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in fermented sheep’s milk was also evaluated. Sheep milk with the addition of 0% (control sample), 1.5%, and 3.0% chokeberry fiber was fermented by two different probiotic monocultures L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus. In the fermented milk, pH value, syneresis (%), color, and texture were determined. Furthermore, the microbiological analysis and an organoleptic evaluation were performed. With the increasing dose of chokeberry fiber, the pH value decreased already before the fermentation process. After fermentation, the milk’s pH values with fiber were still lower than those in the control sample. Presumably, more acidic metabolites were produced by L. acidophilus, causing a more intense reduction of the pH value than L. rhamnosus both in control milk and in milk with the addition of fiber. The addition of chokeberry fiber affected the stimulation of the growth of both types of bacteria. In the milk sample without fiber addition, a more significant number of viable cells were counted for L. acidophilus by 0.5 log CFU g-1 more than the milk fermented with L. rhamnosus. Furthermore, in milk fermented by L. acidophilus with 1.5% chokeberry fiber (LA1), the number of viable bacterial cells was higher than that in milk fermented by L. rhamnosus with the same addition of fiber (LR1). However, in sample LA3, the number of viable bacterial cells was lower than that in sample LR3. Tested fermented sheep milk met the Recommendation of the International Dairy Federation’s requirements regarding the number of live bacterial cells for dairy probiotics. The addition of chokeberry fiber increased syneresis in each fermented milk group, regardless of the bacteria used for fermentation. Moreover, the use of fiber caused a significant reduction in brightness

L
∗

, an increase of red color, and a decrease of yellow color. Milk fermented with L. acidophilus was characterized by a harder gel, compared to their analogues fermented with L. rhamnosus. The addition of fiber intensified the sour taste and the taste of the additive in both types of fermented sheep milk.
Systemic Risk Assessment: Aggregated and Disaggregated Analysis on Selected Indian Banks
Authors: Khan Mohammed Arshad , Roy Preeti , Siddiqui Saif , Alakkas Abdullah A.
Published: July 2021

Exposure of the banking system to the Global Financial Crisis attracted attention to the study of riskiness and spillover. This paper studies the pattern of systemic risk and size effect in the Indian banking sector. Based on market capitalization, three public sector banks and three from the private sector were taken. Data are taken from the year 2007 to 2020. The analysis is done through quantile‐CoVaR  (Conditional Value at Risk) and TENET (Tail‐Event‐Driven Network) measure. State variables like Indian market volatility and global risk measures negatively influence the Indian banks’ returns. Liquidity risk is a crucial aspect of private banks. Public banks experience public confidence even in the distress period. Large banks like HDFC and SBI bank offer the highest degree of systemic risk contribution. The role of private banks in transmitting systemic risk has been intensifying since 2015. Small‐sized banks like PNB and BOB have become significant receivers and transmitters of risk.
Stiffness Regulates the Morphology, Adhesion, Proliferation, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Maxillary Schneiderian Sinus Membrane-Derived Stem Cells
Authors: Liu Yiping , Wang Jia , Zhai Peisong , Ren Sicong , Wang Zhanqi , Peng Peixuan , Du Liuyi , Li Lisha , Zhang Yidi , Zhou Yanmin
Published: July 2021

Recent studies, which aim to optimize maxillary sinus augmentation, have paid significant attention exploring osteogenic potential of maxillary Schneiderian sinus membrane-derived cells (MSSM-derived cells). However, it remains unclear that how MSSM-derived cells could respond to niche’s biomechanical properties. Herein, this study investigated the possible effects of substrate stiffness on rMSSM-derived stem cell fate. Initially, rMSSM-derived stem cells with multiple differentiation potential were successfully obtained. We then fabricated polyacrylamide substrates with varied stiffness ranging from 13 to 68 kPa to modulate the mechanical environment of rMSSM-derived stem cells. A larger cell spreading area and increased proliferation of rMSSM-derived stem cells were found on the stiffer substrates. Similarly, cells became more adhesive as their stiffness increased. Furthermore, the higher stiffness facilitated osteogenic differentiation of rMSSM-derived stem cells. Overall, our results indicated that increase in stiffness could mediate behaviors of rMSSM-derived stem cells, which may serve as a guide in future research to design novel biomaterials for maxillary sinus augmentation.
Germplasm Bred for Resistance to Striga hermonthica Exhibited High Resistance Levels to Striga asiatica Compared to Commercial Checks
Authors: Dhliwayo Vimbayi , Gasura Edmore , Nyakurwa Cacious Stanford , Mabasa Stanford , Mashingaidze Arnold Bray , Setimela Peter
Published: July 2021

Parasitic weeds belonging to the Orobanchaceae family are a menace in Sub-Saharan African (SSA). Specifically, the two witchweeds from the genus Striga, S. hermonthica and S. asiatica, are jointly responsible for land abandonments and cereal yield reductions in the SSA. Factorial experiments involving fourteen maize genotypes and two levels of Striga asiatica infestation (infested and noninfested) were conducted under pot and laboratory experiments at the Department of Plant Production Sciences and Technologies, University of Zimbabwe, during the 2014/2015 season. A 14 × 2 factorial pot experiment was arranged in a 7 × 4 α-lattice design replicated four times, whereas the laboratory agar gel was arranged in a complete randomized design with four replications. Results revealed significant differences (

p

 < 0.05) for S. asiatica and genotype main effects for the recorded traits. S. asiatica-infested genotypes had lower biomasses than noninfested ones. However, the University of Zimbabwe bred hybrids such as Ax31, Ax28, Ax7, and Ax32 had similar plant heights and stem, leaf, and cob biomass across the two Striga levels unlike the local checks, particularly SC513, SC537, and SC637, under Striga infestation. Moreover, these genotypes also had the least Striga germination percentage and furthest germination distance indicating that they are resistant/tolerant to Striga asiatica. The University of Zimbabwe bred hybrids, using Striga hermonthica resistance from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, exhibited resistance/tolerance to Striga asiatica compared to local checks. Therefore, these varieties could offer a better and viable Striga spp. control option to farmers in both S. hermonthica and S. asiatica endemic areas.
Study on the Effect of Driving Time on Fatigue of Grassland Road Based on EEG
Authors: Zhang Yule , Zhu Shoulin
Published: July 2021

In order to study the change law of the fatigue degree of grassland expressway drivers over time, this paper takes the semidesert grassland landscape of Xilinhot city as the experimental environment and takes the provincial highway S101 (K278–K424) as an example to design an actual driving test. Taking Urumqi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, as the experimental section, combined with the Biopac MP150 multichannel physiological instrument and its auxiliary knowledge software and mathematical statistics methods, the relationship between EEG and time was studied. The test results show that the primary fatigue factor F1 and the secondary fatigue factor F2 can summarize the fatigue law characterized by 96.42% of EEG information. During 130 minutes of driving on the prairie highway, the periods of high fatigue were 105 minutes and 125 minutes, respectively. Driving fatigue can be divided into three stages over time: 5–65 min fatigue-free stage, 70–85 min fatigue transition stage, and 90–130 min fatigue stage. Fatigue changes over time. The law follows the Gaussian function and the sine function.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheet Promotes Functional Recovery and Palliates Neuropathic Pain in a Subacute Spinal Cord Injury Model
Authors: Yamazaki Kazuyoshi , Kawabori Masahito , Seki Toshitaka , Takamiya Soichiro , Konno Kotaro , Watanabe Masahiko , Houkin Kiyohiro , Fujimura Miki
Published: July 2021

Stem cell therapy has been shown to reverse the sequelae of spinal cord injury (SCI). Although the ideal treatment route remains unknown, providing a large number of stem cells to the injured site using less invasive techniques is critical to achieving maximal recovery. This study was conducted to determine whether administration of bone marrow stem cell (BMSC) sheet made on its own without a scaffold is superior to intramedullary cell transplantation in a rat subacute SCI model. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to SCI by 30 g clip compression at the level of Th6 and Th7 and were administered BMSC cell sheet (7×104cells, subdural), cell suspension (7×104cells, intramedullary), or control seven days after the injury. Motor and sensory assessments, as well as histological evaluation, were performed to determine the efficacy of the different cell transplantation procedures. While both the cell sheet and cell intramedullary injection groups showed significant motor recovery compared to the control group, the cell sheet group showed better results. Furthermore, the cell sheet group displayed a significant sensory recovery compared to the other groups. A histological evaluation revealed that the cell sheet group showed smaller injury lesion volume, less inflammation, and gliosis compared to other groups. Sensory-related fibers of μ-opioid receptors (MOR, interneuron) and hydroxytryptamine transporters (HTT, descending pain inhibitory pathway), located around the dorsal horn of the spinal cord at the caudal side of the SCI, were preserved only in the cell sheet group. Stem cells could also be found inside the peri-injured spinal cord in the cell sheet group. BMSC cell sheets were able to promote functional recovery and palliate neuropathic pain more effectively than intramedullary injections, thus serving as a good treatment option for SCI.
Relevance of Physical Activities, Sedentary Behaviors, and Genetic Predisposition in Body Fatness: Population-Based Study on Chinese Adults
Authors: Xue Hongmei , Zhang Xiao , Li Danting , Chen Mengxue , Luo Jiao , Gong Yunhui , Lv Xiaohua , Quan Liming , He Fang , Zhang Lishi , Cheng Guo
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Little attention has been paid to the interacting effect of specific intensities of physical activities (PAs) and sedentary lifestyle, like television watching, and genetic predisposition on body composition indices among Chinese adults. Herein, we aimed to examine whether specific types of PAs and sedentary behaviors (SBs) were associated with body composition indices among Chinese adults and to further explore whether these associations interacted with the genetic predisposition to high BMI. Methods: Cross-sectional data regarding PAs and time spent on SBs and dietary intake of 3,976 Chinese adults (54.9% women) aged 25–65 years in Southwest China were obtained via questionnaires in 2013–2015. Weight, height, and waist circumference (WC) were measured, and BMI, percentage of body fat (%BF), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI) of the participants were calculated. Genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated on 9 established BMI-associated SNPs among Chinese adults. Results: When the participants were stratified by GRS for BMI, significant associations were only found for adults with high GRS for BMI: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was negatively associated with WC and %BF and positively related to FFMI. The adjusted positive relationship of time spent watching television with BMI, WC, %BF, and FMI were also just found between adults with high weighted GRS for high BMI: for every 1 h increment in television watching, the BMI, WC, %BF, and FMI of the participants increased by 0.2 kg/m2, 0.9 cm, 0.3%, and 0.1 kg/m2, respectively (p < 0.02). Conclusion: MVPA may be a protective factor against obesity, and prolonged television watching may accentuate adiposity. These putative effects may be more pronounced among individuals with a high genetic risk of a high BMI.
A checklist of Zingiberaceae species from Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary, Davao Oriental, Philippines
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Andres Bonifacio Ave, Iligan City, 9200 Lanao del Norte, Philippines, Naive Mark
Published: July 2021

Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary is a center of botanical diversity throughout the Philippine archipelago. However, as to how many Zingiberaceae species are present in the area is still poorly known. Thus, floristic surveys were made and collections were conducted from July 2016 to September 2018. In total, 18 species belonging to eight genera representing three tribes of the family were recorded. The most species rich tribe belongs to Alpinieae with 14 species in 6 genera. This study presents an annotated checklist of Zingiberaceae species found in the sanctuary which is beneficial for its efficient biological resource management.
A urgência da reinvenção da Reforma Sanitária Brasileira em defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Cohn Amélia , Gleriano Josué Souza
Published: July 2021

Este artigo teve como objetivo discutir os desafios para a Reforma Sanitária Brasileira e para o Sistema Único de Saúde na  atualidade. Resgatou-se a literatura mais atual sobre o tema, recuperaram-se alguns de seus traços fundamentais  enquanto processo histórico e de seus atores e remeteu-se à conjuntura política atual no que diz respeito ao Sistema  Único de Saúde. A partir de um estudo exploratório de corte histórico fundado na literatura pertinente, o propósito foi  fomentar reflexões sobre o tema baseadas naquelas análises sobre o movimento sanitário, contribuindo com novos olhares para a questão da saúde como direito frente aos desafios que o Sistema Único de Saúde enfrenta. Reconheceram-se os avanços do movimento sanitário na construção do sistema, com a ampliação do acesso e da cobertura à atenção à saúde segundo os preceitos da saúde como direito, ao mesmo tempo em que se sinalizaram as limitações históricas para  o alcance de seus princípios e diretrizes e as disputas políticas e sociais da atualidade, com vistas a apontar novas  possibilidades para a Reforma Sanitária Brasileira. Concluiu-se pela urgência da atualização das propostas originais da  reforma, da recuperação de sua dimensão de luta política, da ampliação de alianças com diferentes segmentos sociais em  defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde e de retomar a saúde enquanto questão social no interior dos movimentos de  resistência democrática, buscando-se novos espaços e sujeitos políticos em defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Liberation From Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Review
Authors: Brahmbhatt Darshan H. , Daly Andrea L. , Luk Adriana C. , Fan Eddy , Billia Filio
Published: July 2021

Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may be used for circulatory support in cardiogenic shock as a bridge to recovery, a bridge to a ventricular assist device (VAD), or a bridge to transplant. While the determination of potential exit strategies is essential before cannulation, the final determination of a patient’s options may change, in part, through their in-hospital clinical course. We propose that liberation from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation should be conceptualized as a process of discovery in the assessment of a patient’s underlying clinical status and a key driver of further clinical decision-making. A trial of liberation from support should be considered when the goals of the weaning trial are well-defined and, ideally, in the absence of potentially confounding clinical factors. In this review, we will discuss readiness to wean criteria from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, as well as specific clinical, biochemical, and echocardiographic parameters that may prove useful in determining weaning timing and revealing the patient’s underlying hemodynamic status and prognosis. The role of various cannula configurations, support devices, and pharmacological adjuncts will also be discussed. Finally, we highlight current gaps in evidence and suggest areas of future research.
EVALUATION OF FACTORS WHICH CAUSE FEMALE POVERTY IN THE EU BY PANEL DATA ANALYSIS
Authors: KABAKÇI GÜNAY Eylül , POLAT Onur
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the variables which have effects on female poverty in 27 EU countries. For this purpose, an econometric model was established by using EU countries' 2005-2017 data set. The dependent variable is female poverty (Female at risk of poverty or social disclusion) independent variables are; Unemployment Rate of Active Female Population, % of women with higher education graduation, % of women with Primary School Graduation, wage and salaried female workers (% of female employment ).
The Augmented Mean Estimator is used as the econometric analysis method for the models. This estimator is also known suitable model when heterogeneity and correlation between units exist As a result, unemployment rate of active female population and increased wage and salaried workers rate have statistically significant effects on % risk of female’s Social exclusion and poverty. The unemployment rate has same-direction relationship with risk of social exclusion and poverty. But the percentage of wage and salaried working women has reverse-direction relationship with social exclusion and poverty. It is an proof that shows poverty is not only income based issue but also multidimensional.
To Mohassess, For the Wall
Authors: Al-e Ahmad Jalal
Published: July 2021

“To Mohassess, For the Wall” is an article written in 1964 by Jalal Al-e Ahmad, one of the most influential and charismatic Iranian intellectuals of the time. Three years before writing this article, Al-e Ahmad had published Weststruckness, discussing the Iranians’ cultural alienation caused by the dependence on the west. In “To Mohassess, For the Wall”, Al-e Ahmad shifts his analysis to Iranian painting, arguing that Iranian painters during the 1960s merely repeat Western cultural processes and strategies instead of constructing Iranian ones. The context for Al-e Ahmad's argument is the Pahlavi regime's radical program of rapid modernization, which in the area of the arts was systematically expanded. Critical, provocative or problematic, the article offers a crucial window into the adoption of Western-style modernism by Iranian painters during the 1960s and into how an “insider” intellectual such as Al-e Ahmad evaluated the modernization of Iranian art before the background of what he perceived as the critical neglect of Iranian traditions. The text is addressed to Bahman Mohassess, a painter whom Al-e Ahmad considered to be one of the few who had not been coopted by the cultural policies of the Shah's regime.
Aleiodes (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae) diversity in Washington U.S.A. including three new species
Authors: FORTIER JOSEPH
Published: July 2021

Aleiodes Wesmael is a large cosmopolitan genus of endoparasitoid wasps that is evidently especially speciose in the Western Hemisphere based on numbers of described species. As with most diverse insect groups, relatively little is known about Aleiodes species diversity and biology. Here I summarize what is known about Aleiodes diversity in Washington State and contiguous Inland Northwest states and province, and I report three new species recently collected by malaise trap sampling for Aleiodes in Okanogan County, WA: Aleiodes khalafi, Aleiodes okanoganensis, and Aleiodes quasiburrus. Given the number of new species (three) and first records of previously described species (two) in Washington elucidated by this study, there is evidently much work to do to reach a fair estimate of Aleiodes species diversity in the Inland Pacific Northwest.
The first described darkling beetle of the tribe Metaclisini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Eocene Baltic amber
Authors: NABOZHENKO MAXIM V. , MCKELLAR RYAN C. , BUKEJS ANDRIS
Published: July 2021

The description of an extinct species of Metaclisa Jacquelin du Val, 1861 (Tenebrionidae) is presented. This genus and the tribe Metaclisini are recorded as fossils for the first time, from Eocene Baltic amber. The new species Metaclisa ottoi sp. nov. belongs to the subgenus Trichometaclisa subgen. nov. and differs from all other Metaclisini in possessing short, fine recumbent setation on the pronotum and elytra; in addition, the prosternal process in Metaclisa ottoi sp. nov. is roundly bent down and weakly projected behind the procoxae, which differs from extant species.
Sull’umiltà nella Commedia
Authors: Cherchi Paolo
Published: July 2021

Dante deals specifically with the theme of humility only in the canto of the superbs ( Purgatory, X–XII). Still, the topic permeates the entire poem, from the moment Vergil invites Dante to follow him. Obedience is the predominant form that humility takes in Inferno. In Purgatory, it determines the choral forms of the language (prayer and singing), but it manifests itself most spectacularly in the Earthly Paradise procession, which takes the shape of a Cross, the highest symbol of humility in Christ and of Christianity. In Paradise, it is present in some key episodes (that of Cato, of St. Francis, and Dante’s theological exam). Yet, it is continuously signified in the language of image-symbols’ configuration that the blessed souls take in each heaven. Finally, it is humility that allows the Pilgrim to see God with his physical senses, which provide the lowest and most concrete form of knowledge, and yet the most sublime one.
Discordant World of ‘Unknown Nations’: The Problem of Ethicization of National Identity
Authors: Tasic Mirko
Published: July 2021

This article explores the reasons for adopting a particular interpretation of national identity and the dynamics of external and internal forces in determining a nation’s ‘ethical history’. The main analysis introduces conceptual innovations related to the problem of ethical cognition through which national identity is being determined based on cognitively unclarified determinants—in this study referred to as the EDCUD paradox. In this regard, the process of ethicization of national identity and the paradox of ethical cognition that emerges in the pursuit of its understanding has been identified as one of the main reasons behind the misuse of national identity in international relations. With that in mind, this study has attempted to create a theoretical setting that would help the analysis of individual cases of national identity in further research.
Influence of GNPs and B4C reinforcements on mechanical, thermal and wear properties of magnesium matrix composite produced by powder metallurgy
Authors: Sun Yavuz , Cevik Engin , Turen Yunus , Ahlatci Hayrettin , Turan Muhammet Emre , Aydin Fatih , Zengin Huseyin
Published: July 2021

In this study, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and boron carbide (B4C) nano reinforcements were incorporated to the pure magnesium (Mg). Powder metallurgy route was used to fabricate composite samples. Microstructures of specimens were examined and tensile, hardness, wear tests were performed to determine the mechanical and tribological performance of produced samples. The results indicate that the hardness was increased especially with the addition of 2% B4C and 0.5% GNPs reinforcements. A general trend was observed for the enhancements of yield and tensile strengths when nano reinforcements were added to the pure magnesium. The composite samples showed better wear resistance than the unreinforced sample. However, thermal conductivity began to decrease with the addition of B4C reinforcements. It is also observed that the porosity level was also higher for the composite samples.
Factors Moderating the Impact of After Death Communications on Beliefs and Spirituality
Authors: Penberthy Jennifer K. , Pehlivanova Marieta , Kalelioglu Tevfik , Roe Chris A. , Cooper Callum E. , Lorimer David , Elsaesser Evelyn
Published: July 2021

After death communications(ADCs) are defined as perceived spontaneous contacts with living individuals by the deceased. This research presents on a subset of data from a recent large international survey of individuals who experienced ADCs and provided systematic information regarding these experiences. In our research we explore the impact of having an ADC on reported spirituality, religiosity, beliefs and attitudes about death and dying and also explore the moderating factors of this impact. We found that having an ADC was perceived as a positive life experience and that it was associated with a reduction in fear of death, belief in life after death and that the deceased could communicate with the living, and increased reported spirituality. Moderating factors include aspects of having or desiring physical contact with the deceased as well as perceiving some emotional reaction to the ADCs. Future directions for research exploration are also provided based on our findings.
Prevalence, epidemiology and clinical outcome of Candida auris infections: Experience from a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur
Authors: Bacchani Daisy , Rajni Ekadashi , Garg Vishnu K , Sharma Richa , Mamoria Ved P
Published: July 2021

Candida auris is identified as an emerging pathogen worldwide. It is multidrug resistant and causes invasive healthcare-associated infections. Our retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence and epidemiology of C. auris infections in a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur.

24 clinical C. auris strains were included, most being from urine. The majority patients needed intensive care and had at least one underlying co-morbid condition. A history of broad-spectrum antibiotic or antifungal usage was present in 85%. Fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine resistance was seen in 96, 42, 33 and 8% isolates respectively. No echinocandin resistance was noted.
Efficacy of Intratympanic Glucocorticoid Steroid Administration Therapy as an Initial Treatment for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tsuda Takeshi , Hanada Yukiko , Wada Kento , Fujiwara Erina , Takeda Kazuya , Nishimura Hiroshi
Published: July 2021

Objective:

Systemic administration of glucocorticoid steroids is the most common initial treatment for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL); however, due to the prevalence of coronavirus disease, the indications for this treatment must be carefully determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of intratympanic steroid therapy as an initial treatment for idiopathic SSNHL.

Methods:

Sixty-eight patients with idiopathic ISSNHL who were treated with intravenous or intratympanic steroids were included in this study. Patients were retrospectively evaluated regarding preoperative grade, type of additional treatment, outcome of treatment, and side effects of each treatment.

Results:

In 46 cases, patients received intravenous steroid therapy as the initial treatment, while 22 patients received intratympanic steroid therapy; 10 patients underwent salvage treatment due to inadequate improvement of symptoms. Regarding additional treatment, intravenous steroid monotherapy was used in 37 patients. The outcomes were similar after both treatments; 16 (43%) and 11 (52%) patients treated exclusively with intravenous and intratympanic steroids, respectively, were completely cured. There were no significant differences in the effects between the 2 treatments, indicating that they were almost equally effective. The side effects observed in patients treated with intravenous steroid therapy were increased blood pressure, acute gastric mucosal disorder, and insomnia. None of these side effects were observed in any of the patients treated with intratympanic steroids; however, 1 case of perforation of the tympanic membrane occurred due to the procedure.

Conclusion:

There were no significant differences in posttreatment outcomes between patients treated with either intratympanic or intravenous steroids. The therapeutic effects were comparable, and no severe side effects were observed; therefore, intratympanic steroid therapy may be considered useful as an initial treatment for ISSNHL in the context of widespread coronavirus disease.
Mini Nutritional Assessment and physical function of older people in residential aged care facility, Bangladesh
Authors: Karim Kazi Muhammad Rezaul , Tasnim Tasmia , Shams Sabrin Deeba , Zaher Mohammad Abduz , Mamun Sumaiya
Published: July 2021

Background:

Malnutrition may decrease physical function and exacerbate health conditions and thus have a negative effect on health-related quality of life of older people.

Aim:

The study was aimed at evaluating the extent of malnutrition, physical function and other associated risk factors for the older persons (>65 years) living in the residential aged care facilities in Bangladesh.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of 200 older people in various residential aged care facilities in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the socioeconomic condition, dietary diversity, functional ability and other related risk factors for malnutrition.

Results:

According to the Mini Nutritional Assessment, 33.5% of participants living in residential aged care facilities were malnourished and 52.5% were at risk of malnutrition. Dietary diversity score differs significantly ( p<0.001) among malnourished (3.78 ± 0.45), at risk of malnutrition (4.46 ± 0.98) and well-nourished (4.75 ± 1.11) groups. Twenty-five percent of the study participants reported limitations in mobility and 26.5% reported limitations in activities of daily living. Females were more vulnerable in terms of malnutrition and physical function than males. Mini Nutritional Assessment score is significantly correlated ( p<0.05) with several risk factors for malnutrition such as body mass index, education level, meal, protein consumption, dietary diversity score, weight loss, reduced food intake, mobility and activities of daily living of the older people.

Conclusions:

The study reaffirms that a high rate of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition is prevalent among aged care residents, who need special attention and may benefit from individualized nutrition interventions.
Re-conceptualising ‘mise en scène’ for online dramatherapy
Authors: Tozer Katy
Published: July 2021

In this clinical comment, the author will explore how an understanding of mise en scène can be helpful for online dramatherapy practice, particularly for those new to this way of working. The author will reflect upon aspects of mise en scène and reconceptualise them in a therapeutic context. Elements such as the use of props and how they appear on screen, what the client can (or can’t) see in the background and the use of lighting will be examined in terms of the dynamics of the online therapeutic relationship and online therapy space. The author shares their experience of applying mise en scène theory to their own dramatherapy practice and offers reflections upon the symbolic meaning that can be unconsciously expressed through the ‘frame’ of the online therapy screen.
A scoping review of vision rehabilitation services in Canada
Authors: Jaiswal Atul , Santhakumaran Sangeetha , Walker Sadie , Sukhai Mahadeo A , Packer Tanya , Kessler Dorothy
Published: July 2021

Around 1.5 million Canadians live with some form of vision impairment. The demand for vision rehabilitation (VR) services is projected to increase as the number of older adults with age-related vision loss rises. To inform programmes and policies for VR, we aimed to answer two research questions: (1) How are VR services delivered in Canada? and (2) If gaps exist in current delivery of VR services, how can they be characterized? We used Arksey and O’Malley scoping review framework. A comprehensive search of five databases (PubMed, CINAHL/EBSCO, EMBASE, ProQuest, and Global Health) was performed during January 2019 and then updated in March 2021. Index terms and keywords relating to vision loss or impairment and rehabilitation were used. Non-peer-reviewed (grey) literature, in the form of reports and policies on VR in Canada, was sourced via Google/Google Scholar. To be included, sources had to (1) focus on VR services in Canada, (2) be available in English or French, and (3) be published after 2003. Data were extracted and analysed thematically to describe VR services across provinces and to identify gaps in service delivery in Canada. Out of 1311 studies identified, 62 were included. Findings indicate that the structure of VR services as well as provincial funding for assistive devices varies across provinces. The reported gaps at the level of service providers, users, and delivery systems were lack of awareness about the benefits of VR, limited collaboration and coordinated services between eye care and VR services, delayed referral to VR, shortage of specialists, and insufficient funding and training for vision devices. This article describes VR services in Canada and documents important gaps in VR services and research evidence across provincial jurisdictions. Future work to address gaps, and develop and evaluate interventions to facilitate optimal VR services is imperative.