bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BigR is a sulfide sensor that regulates a sulfur transferase/dioxygenase required for aerobic respiration of plant bacteria under sulfide stress
Authors: de Lira Nayara Patricia Vieira , Pauletti Bianca Alves , Marques Ana Carolina , Perez Carlos Alberto , Caserta Raquel , de Souza Alessandra Alves , Vercesi Aníbal Eugênio , Paes Leme Adriana Franco , Benedetti Celso Eduardo
Published: February 2018

To cope with toxic levels of H2S, the plant pathogens Xylella fastidiosa and Agrobacterium tumefaciens employ the bigR operon to oxidize H2S into sulfite. The bigR operon is regulated by the transcriptional repressor BigR and it encodes a bifunctional sulfur transferase (ST) and sulfur dioxygenase (SDO) enzyme, Blh, required for H2S oxidation and bacterial growth under hypoxia. However, how Blh operates to enhance bacterial survival under hypoxia and how BigR is deactivated to derepress operon transcription is unknown. Here, we show that the ST and SDO activities of Blh are in vitro coupled and necessary to oxidize sulfide into sulfite, and that Blh is critical to maintain the oxygen flux during A. tumefaciens respiration when oxygen becomes limited to cells. We also show that H2S and polysulfides inactivate BigR leading to operon transcription. Moreover, we show that sulfite, which is produced by Blh in the ST and SDO reactions, is toxic to Citrus sinensis and that X. fastidiosa-infected plants accumulate sulfite and higher transcript levels of sulfite detoxification enzymes, suggesting that they are under sulfite stress. These results indicate that BigR acts as a sulfide sensor in the H2S oxidation mechanism that allows pathogens to colonize plant tissues where oxygen is a limiting factor.
Tracing the sources of PCDD/Fs in Baltic Sea air by using metals as source markers
Authors: Assefa Anteneh , Tysklind Mats , Klanova Jana , Wiberg Karin
Published: February 2018

A combination of PCDD/F patterns and metal source markers in ambient air samples together with stable air mass back trajectories can reveal the most significant atmospheric sources of PCDD/Fs.
Revalorization of wild Asparagus stipularis Forssk. as a traditional vegetable with nutritional and functional properties
Authors: Adouni Khaoula , Chahdoura Hassiba , Mosbah Habib , Santos-Buelga Celestino , González-Paramás Ana M. , Ciudad-Mulero María , Fernandes Ângela , Calhelha Ricardo C. , Morales Patricia , Flamini Guido , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R. , Achour Lotfi
Published: February 2018

The nutritional values, phytochemical composition and bioactive properties of young shoots of wild Asparagus stipularis Forssk. from Tunisia were determined in this study.
Two-photon graphene quantum dot modified Gd2O3 nanocomposites as a dual-mode MRI contrast agent and cell labelling agent
Authors: Wang F. H. , Bae K. , Huang Z. W. , Xue J. M.
Published: February 2018

Dual-functional Gd2O3/GQD nanocomposites for both photoluminescence imaging and MRI imaging.
Unexpected insights into antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles against methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA)
Authors: Kadiyala Usha , Turali-Emre Emine Sumeyra , Bahng Joong Hwan , Kotov Nicholas A. , VanEpps J. Scott
Published: February 2018

Zinc oxide nanoparticles cause marked up-regulation of pyrimidine biosynthesis and sugar metabolism but consistent down-regulation of amino acid synthesis in MRSA, suggesting a previously unrecognized mechanism of action.
High-efficiency, deep blue ZnCdS/CdxZn1−xS/ZnS quantum-dot-light-emitting devices with an EQE exceeding 18%
Authors: Wang Ouyang , Wang Lei , Li Zhaohan , Xu Qiulei , Lin Qingli , Wang Hongzhe , Du Zuliang , Shen Huaibin , Li Lin Song
Published: February 2018

18% peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) for deep blue QLEDs by using ZnCdS/CdxZn1−xS/ZnS quantum dots.
Understanding the mechanism and regioselectivity of the copper(i) catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between azide and alkyne: a systematic DFT study
Authors: Ben El Ayouchia Hicham , Bahsis Lahoucine , Anane Hafid , Domingo Luis R. , Stiriba Salah-Eddine
Published: February 2018

Analysis of the global and local electrophilicity/nucleophilicity indices allows correct explanation of the behaviors of the copper(i) catalyzed 32CA reaction.
Ethyl pyruvate attenuates delayed experimental cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage in rats: possible role of JNK pathway
Authors: Jin Ke , Wu Hui , Lv Tao , Dai Jiong , Zhang Xiaohua , Jin Yichao
Published: February 2018

The pathophysiology of delayed cerebral vasospasm (CVS) after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is multifaceted and involves endothelial apoptosis and inflammation.
Magnetic-targeting of polyethylenimine-wrapped iron oxide nanoparticle labeled chondrocytes in a rabbit articular cartilage defect model
Authors: Gong Xiaoyuan , Wang Fengling , Huang Yang , Lin Xiao , Chen Cheng , Wang Fuyou , Yang Liu
Published: February 2018

Magnetic-targeting outcome in the knee joint of experimental rabbit model at 1 week post intra-articular injection.
Enhanced oil removal from water in oil stable emulsions using electrospun nanocomposite fiber mats
Authors: Barroso-Solares S. , Pinto J. , Nanni G. , Fragouli D. , Athanassiou A.
Published: February 2018

Fibrous mats with hydrophobic and oleophilic properties have been fabricated and used as absorbents of oil from stable water in oil emulsions.
Sulfonated graphene oxide/Nafion composite membranes for high temperature and low humidity proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Vinothkannan Mohanraj , Kim Ae Rhan , Gnana kumar G. , Yoo Dong Jin
Published: February 2018

Preparation process of Nafion/Fe3O4–SGO composite membranes.
A cellulose acetate/Amygdalus pedunculata shell-derived activated carbon composite monolith for phenol adsorption
Authors: Xiong Qiancheng , Bai Qiuhong , Li Cong , He Yuanyuan , Shen Yehua , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: February 2018

In this study, we have developed a single-step method to fabricate a cellulose acetate (CA)/APS-derived activated carbon (AC) composite monolith by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) for removal of toxic phenol from aqueous solution.
Catalytic degradation of Orange II in aqueous solution using diatomite-supported bimetallic Fe/Ni nanoparticles
Authors: Ezzatahmadi Naeim , Bao Teng , Liu Hongmei , Millar Graeme J. , Ayoko Godwin A. , Zhu Jianxi , Zhu Runliang , Liang Xiaoliang , He Hongping , Xi Yunfei
Published: February 2018

A functional diatomite-supported Fe/Ni nanocomposite successfully remediated Orange II contaminant in aqueous solution.
Detection of cofilin mRNA by hybridization-sensitive double-stranded fluorescent probes
Authors: Lee Ha Jung , Go Gui Han , Ro Jong Jin , Kim Byeang Hyean
Published: February 2018

We have developed hybridization-sensitive fluorescent oligonucleotide probes that, in the presence of quencher strands, undergo efficient fluorescence quenching through the formation of partial DNA/DNA duplexes.
A functional chitosan-based hydrogel as a wound dressing and drug delivery system in the treatment of wound healing
Authors: Liu He , Wang Chenyu , Li Chen , Qin Yanguo , Wang Zhonghan , Yang Fan , Li Zuhao , Wang Jincheng
Published: February 2018

Functional active wound dressings are expected to provide a moist wound environment, offer protection from secondary infections, remove wound exudate and accelerate tissue regeneration, as well as to improve the efficiency of wound healing.
A short review of recent advances in CO2hydrogenation to hydrocarbons over heterogeneous catalysts
Authors: Li Wenhui , Wang Haozhi , Jiang Xiao , Zhu Jie , Liu Zhongmin , Guo Xinwen , Song Chunshan
Published: February 2018

CO2hydrogenation to hydrocarbons over heterogeneous catalysts.
Creating a 3D microenvironment for monocyte cultivation: ECM-mimicking hydrogels based on gelatine and hyaluronic acid derivatives
Authors: Bystroňová Julie , Ščigalková Ivana , Wolfová Lucie , Pravda Martin , Vrana Nihal Engin , Velebný Vladimir
Published: February 2018

A co-crosslinked gelatin and hyaluronan based matrix is a suitable microenvironment for the 3D culture of THP-1 cells, which enhances their differentiation into macrophages.
ROS scavenging Mn3O4nanozymes forin vivoanti-inflammation
Authors: Yao Jia , Cheng Yuan , Zhou Min , Zhao Sheng , Lin Shichao , Wang Xiaoyu , Wu Jiangjiexing , Li Sirong , Wei Hui
Published: February 2018

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging Mn3O4nanozymes effectively protected live mice from ROS-induced ear-inflammationin vivo.
Amorphous-cathode-route towards low temperature SOFC
Authors: Cavallaro Andrea , Pramana Stevin S. , Ruiz-Trejo Enrique , Sherrell Peter C. , Ware Ecaterina , Kilner John A. , Skinner Stephen J.
Published: February 2018

Amorphous cathode films deposited by PLD technique have higher oxygen diffusivity compared with the material in a crystalline state.
Mechanical hysteresis in actin networks
Authors: Majumdar Sayantan , Foucard Louis C. , Levine Alex J. , Gardel Margaret L.
Published: February 2018

Reversible control of mechanical hysteresis of complex materials by applied stress.
Simulation of colony pattern formation under differential adhesion and cell proliferation
Authors: Dong J. J. , Klumpp S.
Published: February 2018

Proliferation of individual cells is one of the hallmarks of living systems. Along with differential adhesion among cells, highly structured patterns emerge, influencing the properties at the population level.
Ab initio molecular dynamics study of 1-D superionic conduction and phase transition in β-eucryptite
Authors: Singh Baltej , Gupta Mayanak K. , Mittal Ranjan , Chaplot Samrath L.
Published: February 2018

Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the mechanism of phase transition and one-dimensional superionicity along the hexagonal c-axis.
Metal–organic frameworks supported on nanofibers to remove heavy metals
Authors: Efome Johnson E. , Rana Dipak , Matsuura Takeshi , Lan Christopher Q.
Published: February 2018

Fe(iii) and Zr(iv) based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were enmeshed in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) electro-spun nanofibers to produce nanofibrous MOF membranes (NMOM).
Mixed-phase bismuth ferrite thin films by chemical solution deposition
Authors: Zhang Qi , Huang Hsin-Hui , Sando Daniel , Summers Max , Munroe Paul , Standard Owen , Valanoor Nagarajan
Published: February 2018

Epitaxial mixed-phase BFO//LAO thin films with enhanced electromechanical performance were successfully synthesized by chemical solution deposition.
Efficient ternary non-fullerene polymer solar cells with PCE of 11.92% and FF of 76.5%
Authors: Zhang Miao , Gao Wei , Zhang Fujun , Mi Yang , Wang Wenbin , An Qiaoshi , Wang Jian , Ma Xiaoling , Miao Jianli , Hu Zhenghao , Liu Xinfeng , Zhang Jian , Yang Chuluo
Published: February 2018

Highly efficient ternary non-fullerene PSCs were fabricated employing PBDB-T as the donor and mixed ITCPTC:IDT6CN-M as the acceptors.
Natural organic matter composition determines the molecular nature of silver nanomaterial-NOM corona
Authors: Baalousha Mohammed , Afshinnia Kamelia , Guo Laodong
Published: February 2018

Properties of NOM-corona formulas forming AgNOM-corona determined by FT-ICR-MS.
High efficiency two-photon uncaging coupled by the correction of spontaneous hydrolysis
Authors: Pálfi Dénes , Chiovini Balázs , Szalay Gergely , Kaszás Attila , Turi Gergely F. , Katona Gergely , Ábrányi-Balogh Péter , Szőri Milán , Potor Attila , Frigyesi Orsolya , Lukácsné Haveland Csilla , Szadai Zoltán , Madarász Miklós , Vasanits-Zsigrai Anikó , Molnár-Perl Ibolya , Viskolcz Béla , Csizmadia Imre G. , Mucsi Zoltán , Rózsa Balázs
Published: February 2018

DNI-Glu proved to be several times more efficient, than MNI-Glu and other analogues.
Spectroscopic characterization of the warfarin drug-binding site of folded and unfolded human serum albumin anchored on gold nanoparticles: effect of bioconjugation on the loading capacity
Authors: Sulaiman Saba A. J. , Bora Tanujjal , Abou-Zied Osama K.
Published: February 2018

This work investigates the steady-state and ultrafast spectroscopy of bioconjugated gold nanoparticles and the implications on the protein binding activity and drug-loading capacity.
Enhanced catalytic performance of reduced graphene oxide–TiO2hybrids for efficient water treatment using microwave irradiation
Authors: Anshuman Aashu , Saremi-Yarahmadi Sina , Vaidhyanathan Bala
Published: February 2018

Microwave irradiated graphene-based hybrid catalysts for short reaction time, low carbon footprint treatment processes for highly polluted wastewater.
Luminescence and photoelectrochemical properties of size-selected aqueous copper-doped Ag–In–S quantum dots
Authors: Raevskaya Alexandra , Rozovik Oksana , Novikova Anastasiya , Selyshchev Oleksandr , Stroyuk Oleksandr , Dzhagan Volodymyr , Goryacheva Irina , Gaponik Nikolai , Zahn Dietrich R. T. , Eychmüller Alexander
Published: February 2018

Colloidal size-selected copper-doped Ag–In–S quantum dots were produced directly in aqueous solutions by fractionation/redispersion with a plethora of emission colors and a top luminescence quantum yield of around 60%.
Chemical proteomic profiling of proteinN-homocysteinylation with a thioester probe
Authors: Chen Nan , Liu Jinmin , Qiao Zeyu , Liu Yuan , Yang Yue , Jiang Changtao , Wang Xian , Wang Chu
Published: February 2018

Inspired by native chemical ligation, we apply thioester probes to profile proteinN-homocysteinylation with chemical proteomics strategy.
From 2D to 3D patches on multifunctional particles: how microcontact printing creates a new dimension of functionality
Authors: Zimmermann Marc , John Daniela , Grigoriev Dmitry , Puretskiy Nikolay , Böker Alexander
Published: February 2018

A straightforward approach for the precise multifunctional surface modification of silica particles with three-dimensional patches using microcontact printing is presented.
Shikonin suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in endometrioid endometrial cancer cells via modulating miR-106b/PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Caimei , Hu Guohua
Published: February 2018

Shikonin, a natural naphthoquinone isolated from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, which exerts anticancer effects in various cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of shikonin against endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) have not yet been fully elucidated. Herein, we investigated anticancer effects of shikonin on EEC cells and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. We observed that shikonin inhibits proliferation in human EEC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, shikonin-induced apoptosis was characterized by the up-regulation of the pro-apoptotic proteins cleaved-Caspase-3 and Bax, and the down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Microarray analyses demonstrated that shikonin induces many miRNAs’ dysregulation, and miR-106b was one of the miRNAs being most significantly down-regulated. miR-106b was identified to exert procancer effect in various cancers, but in EEC remains unclear. We first confirmed that miR-106b is up-regulated in EEC tissues and cells, and knockdown of miR-106b suppresses proliferation and promotes apoptosis. Meanwhile, our results validated that the restored expression of miR-106b abrogates the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of shikonin. We also identified that miR-106b targets phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor gene, which in turn modulates AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Our findings indicated that shikonin inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in human EEC cells by modulating the miR-106b/PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, suggesting shikonin could act a potential therapeutic agent in the EEC treatment.
Exponential utility function based criteria for network selection in heterogeneous wireless networks
Authors: Khan Shoaib , Ahmad Mian Ilyas , Hussain Farhan
Published: February 2018

A new utility function‐based framework is proposed for network selection that utilises exponential functions and is monotonically related to a function of the average of additive and multiplicative utility functions. This means that an intermediate solution has been identified that not only includes inter‐dependencies of performance criteria but also reduces the network elimination. Numerical results compare the performance of the existing and proposed utility functions and it can be seen that the proposed utility function is a good choice for network selection.
Knowledge‐aided informed dynamic scheduling for LDPC decoding of short blocks
Authors: Healy Cornelius , Shao Zhichao , Oliveira Robert M. , de Lamare Rodrigo C. , Mendes Luciano L.
Published: February 2018

Low‐density parity‐check (LDPC) codes have excellent performance for a wide range of applications at reasonable complexity. LDPC codes with short blocks avoid the high latency of codes with large block lengths, making them potential candidates for ultra reliable low‐latency applications of future wireless standards. In this work, a novel informed dynamic scheduling (IDS) strategy for decoding LDPC codes, denoted reliability‐based residual belief propagation (Rel‐RBP), is developed by exploiting the reliability of the message and the residuals of the possible updates to choose the messages to be used by the decoding algorithm. A different measure for each iteration of the IDS schemes is also presented, which underlies the high cost of those algorithms in terms of computational complexity and motivates the development of the proposed strategy. Simulations show that Rel‐RBP speeds up the decoding at reduced complexity and results in error rate performance gains over prior work.
Design and implementation of fractional‐order microwave differentiator
Authors: Gupta Mridul , Upadhyay Dharmendra Kumar
Published: February 2018

The new design of a fractional‐order microwave differentiator is proposed. It is first of its kind and uses short‐circuited stub and transmission line sections to emulate the behaviour of an ideal fractional‐order differentiator. Least mean square error‐based objective function is formulated to obtain the transfer function of the proposed design, using the chain scattering parameters of line elements in the Z‐domain. During the optimisation process, impedance values of equal‐electrical‐length line elements are considered in the range 10–150 Ω, such that they are practically realisable on the microstrip format. The structure is implemented on the FR4 substrate with permittivity of 4.4 having 1.6 mm thickness. The measured result for the magnitude response of the transmission coefficient is found to be in good agreement with ideal one in the operating frequency range from 0.8 to 6.6 GHz.
Research on inter‐turn short circuit of armature windings in the multiphase synchronous generator–rectifier system
Authors: Sun Yuguang , Wang Shanming , Huang Ziguo , Mu Shujun
Published: February 2018

The multiphase synchronous generator–rectifier system could provide an ideal DC power source for more electric aircraft (MEA). When the inter‐turn short‐circuit fault occurs in phase windings of the generator, a large short‐circuit current would be introduced inside the armature windings, which could cause severe damages to the system for overheat in the windings and irons as well as huge electromagnetic forces on the end coils. To improve the reliability of the MEA, this study researches on the inter‐turn fault of the multiphase generator–rectifier system, including the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental verification. A 12‐phase system is taken for example, and a multi‐loop mathematical model is built up to calculate all voltages and currents in the multiphase synchronous generator–rectifier system with armature inter‐turn fault. Many factors are thoroughly considered in the model, including the location and short‐turns of fault, space harmonics of air‐gap magnetic field and the changing circuit topology of the system. The mathematical model is verified by fault experiment results. Moreover, the electric characteristics of the fault are summarised, which could provide a quantitative basis for early detection of the inter‐turn faults in the multiphase generator–rectifier system.
Interior structure models and fluid Love numbers of exoplanets in the super-Earth regime
Authors: Kellermann C. , Becker A. , Redmer R.
Published: February 2018

Space missions such as CoRoT and Kepler have made the transit method the most successful technique in observing extrasolar planets. However, although the mean density of a planet can be derived from its measured mass and radius, no details about its interior structure, such as the density profile, can be inferred so far. If determined precisely enough, the shape of the transiting light curve might, in principle, reveal the shape of the planet, and in particular, its deviation from spherical symmetry. These deformations are caused, for instance, by the tidal interactions of the planet with the host star and by other planets that might orbit in the planetary system. The deformations depend on the interior structure of the planet and its composition and can be parameterized as Love numbers kn. This means that the diversity of possible interior models for extrasolar planets might be confined by measuring this quantity. We present results of a wide-ranging parameter study in planet mass, surface temperature, and layer mass fractions on such models for super-Earths and their corresponding Love numbers. Based on these data, we find that k2 is most useful in assessing the ratio of rocky material to iron and in ruling out certain compositional configurations for measured mass and radius values, such as a prominent core consisting of rocky material. Furthermore, we apply the procedure to exoplanets K2-3b and c and predict that K2-3c probably has a thick outer water layer.
A Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE)
Authors: Boselli A. , Fossati M. , Ferrarese L. , Boissier S. , Consolandi G. , Longobardi A. , Amram P. , Balogh M. , Barmby P. , Boquien M. , Boulanger F. , Braine J. , Buat V. , Burgarella D. , Combes F. , Contini T. , Cortese L. , Côté P. , Côté S. , Cuillandre J. C. , Drissen L. , Epinat B. , Fumagalli M. , Gallagher S. , Gavazzi G. , Gomez-Lopez J. , Gwyn S. , Harris W. , Hensler G. , Koribalski B. , Marcelin M. , McConnachie A. , Miville-Deschenes M. A. , Navarro J. , Patton D. , Peng E. W. , Plana H. , Prantzos N. , Robert C. , Roediger J. , Roehlly Y. , Russeil D. , Salome P. , Sanchez-Janssen R. , Serra P. , Spekkens K. , Sun M. , Taylor J. , Tonnesen S. , Vollmer B. , Willis J. , Wozniak H. , Burdullis T. , Devost D. , Mahoney B. , Manset N. , Petric A. , Prunet S. , Withington K.
Published: February 2018

The Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE) is a blind narrow-band (NB) Hα+[NII] imaging survey carried out with MegaCam at the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope. The survey covers the whole Virgo cluster region from its core to one virial radius (104 deg2). The sensitivity of the survey is of f(Hα) ~ 4 × 10−17 erg s−1 cm−2 (5σ detection limit) for point sources and Σ(Hα) ~ 2 × 10−18 erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2 (1σ detection limit at 3 arcsec resolution) for extended sources, making VESTIGE the deepest and largest blind NB survey of a nearby cluster. This paper presents the survey in all its technical aspects, including the survey design, the observing strategy, the achieved sensitivity in both the NB Hα+[NII] and in the broad-band r filter used for the stellar continuum subtraction, the data reduction, calibration, and products, as well as its status after the first observing semester. We briefly describe the Hα properties of galaxies located in a 4 × 1 deg2 strip in the core of the cluster north of M87, where several extended tails of ionised gas are detected. This paper also lists the main scientific motivations for VESTIGE, which include the study of the effects of the environment on galaxy evolution, the fate of the stripped gas in cluster objects, the star formation process in nearby galaxies of different type and stellar mass, the determination of the Hα luminosity function and of the Hα scaling relations down to ~106 M⊙ stellar mass objects, and the reconstruction of the dynamical structure of the Virgo cluster. This unique set of data will also be used to study the HII luminosity function in hundreds of galaxies, the diffuse Hα+[NII] emission of the Milky Way at high Galactic latitude, and the properties of emission line galaxies at high redshift.
Séquençage de l’ADN par nanopores
Authors: Montel Fabien
Published: February 2018

Après des années de développement, l’utilisation du nanopore comme sonde pour séquencer les molécules d’ADN est maintenant une possibilité viable et prometteuse. La détection d’une seule paire de bases lors du transport de l’ADN permet d’enregistrer de très longs fragments de polynucléotides, avec une parallélisation et des vitesses élevées. Dans cette revue, les méthodologies actuelles fondées sur la détection électrique et les nanopores biologiques seront présentées de même que les nouvelles méthodes utilisant des nanopores à l’état solide, ou la détection optique.
Les survivants d’Hiroshima/Nagasaki et leur descendance
Authors: Jordan Bertrand
Published: February 2018

Après les bombardements atomiques subis par les villes d’Hiroshima et de Nagasaki, un suivi à long terme des survivants irradiés et de leur descendance a été mis en place et se poursuit encore aujourd’hui. Ces études très sérieuses effectuées sur des dizaines de milliers de personnes et publiées dans des centaines d’articles montrent une augmentation modérée de l’incidence des cancers chez les survivants irradiés, avec un impact limité sur leur espérance de vie (une année au plus). Aucun effet délétère statistiquement significatif n’a pu être mis en évidence chez la descendance de ces personnes (malformations, mutations, taux de mortalité). Ces données sont à l’origine des normes de radioprotection actuelles ; elles relativisent le risque sanitaire des radiations sans pour autant s’appliquer à des situations complexes comme un accident de centrale nucléaire.
Bases alternatives et organismes synthétiques
Authors: Jordan Bertrand
Published: February 2018

Alternative bases that can fit into the DNA double helix have now been used in vivo to direct the synthesis of proteins incorporating unnatural amino acids. This bioengineering feat is significant at both the conceptual and the practical levels
Space climate and space weather over the past 400 years: 2. Proxy indicators of geomagnetic storm and substorm occurrence
Authors: Lockwood Mike , Owens Mathew J. , Barnard Luke A. , Scott Chris J. , Watt Clare E. , Bentley Sarah
Published: February 2018

Using the reconstruction of power input to the magnetosphere presented in Paper 1 Lockwood  et al. [J Space Weather Space Clim 7 (2017a)], we reconstruct annual means of the geomagnetic Ap and AE indices over the past 400 years to within a 1-sigma error of ±20%. In addition, we study the behaviour of the lognormal distribution of daily and hourly values about these annual means and show that we can also reconstruct the fraction of geomagnetically-active (storm-like) days and (substorm-like) hours in each year to accuracies of to accuracies of ~50%, including the large percentage uncertainties in near-zero values. The results are the first physics-based quantification of the space weather conditions in both the Dalton and Maunder minima. Looking to the future, the weakening of Earth's magnetic moment means that the terrestrial disturbance levels during a future repeats of the solar Dalton and Maunder minima will be weaker and we here quantify this effect for the first time.
The effect of turbulence strength on meandering field lines and Solar Energetic Particle event extents
Authors: Laitinen Timo , Effenberger Frederic , Kopp Andreas , Dalla Silvia
Published: February 2018

Insights into the processes of Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) propagation are essential for understanding how solar eruptions affect the radiation environment of near-Earth space. SEP propagation is influenced by turbulent magnetic fields in the solar wind, resulting in stochastic transport of the particles from their acceleration site to Earth. While the conventional approach for SEP modelling focuses mainly on the transport of particles along the mean Parker spiral magnetic field, multi-spacecraft observations suggest that the cross-field propagation shapes the SEP fluxes at Earth strongly. However, adding cross-field transport of SEPs as spatial diffusion has been shown to be insufficient in modelling the SEP events without use of unrealistically large cross-field diffusion coefficients. Recently, Laitinen et al. [ApJL 773 (2013b); A&A 591 (2016)] demonstrated that the early-time propagation of energetic particles across the mean field direction in turbulent fields is not diffusive, with the particles propagating along meandering field lines. This early-time transport mode results in fast access of the particles across the mean field direction, in agreement with the SEP observations. In this work, we study the propagation of SEPs within the new transport paradigm, and demonstrate the significance of turbulence strength on the evolution of the SEP radiation environment near Earth. We calculate the transport parameters consistently using a turbulence transport model, parametrised by the SEP parallel scattering mean free path at 1 AU, λ∥*, and show that the parallel and cross-field transport are connected, with conditions resulting in slow parallel transport corresponding to wider events. We find a scaling σφ,max∝(1/λ∥*)1/4 for the Gaussian fitting of the longitudinal distribution of maximum intensities. The longitudes with highest intensities are shifted towards the west for strong scattering conditions. Our results emphasise the importance of understanding both the SEP transport and the interplanetary turbulence conditions for modelling and predicting the SEP radiation environment at Earth.
Periosteal Graft Myringoplasty: Our Experience
Authors: ElTaher Mostafa , Othman Yosry , Mohammed Ibrahim , Ali Khaled
Published: February 2018

Introduction Different types of autologous graft materials are used for myringoplasty, with the temporalis fascia and cartilage being the most frequently used tissues. Periosteal tissue has been used for a long time in our department, and many advantages support its use in myringoplasty. To the best of our knowledge, this issue is scarcely discussed in the previously published literature.

Objective To present our experience with periosteal graft myringoplasty, describing the technique and the anatomical and functional outcomes.

Methods A prospective clinical study involving 88 patients (72 females and 16 males) with a mean age 26.9 years. The patients underwent myringoplasty using the mastoid cortex periosteum; they were all operated using the postauricular approach, and the graft was applied using the underlay technique. The patients performed pre- and postoperative pure tone audiometry for tested frequencies (0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, and 4 kHz). All patients were followed-up for at least 12 months after the operation.

Results The anatomical success rate among all patients was of 93%, which is comparable to the rate of success in procedures using other usual grafting materials. In addition, there was a highly significant postoperative improvement in pure tone audiometry results as compared with the preoperative ones (the main hearing gain was of ∼ 11 dB; p < 0.001).

Conclusion The periosteal graft is easily harvested, easy to apply, with excellent anatomical and functional success.
Simplifying Arterial Coupling in Microsurgery—A Preclinical Assessment of an Everter Device to Aid with Arterial Anastomosis
Authors: Sando Ian , Plott Jeffrey , McCracken Brendan , Tiba Mohamad , Ward Kevin , Kozlow Jeffrey , Cederna Paul , Momoh Adeyiza
Published: February 2018

Background A novel arterial everter device was engineered to simplify microvascular coupling of arteries by reliably securing the stiff, muscular wall of arteries over coupler pins. We compare microvascular coupling with the everter device to manual suturing for arterial anastomoses in a live large animal model.

Materials and Methods In this preliminary study, bilateral external femoral arteries of five male swine were exposed and sharply divided. Arteries were anastomosed using either interrupted sutures (n = 5) or the everter device and Synovis Coupler (n = 5). The efficiency in engaging coupler pins, the time taken to perform the anastomosis, and vessel patency immediately post-op and at 1-week postanastomosis were evaluated. Vessel wall injury and luminal stenosis were compared between groups using histomorphometric analyses.

Results On an average, 80% of coupler pins engaged the vessel walls after a single pass of the everter. The average time to perform the anastomosis was significantly less when using the everter/coupler compared with manual suturing (6:35 minutes versus 25:09 minutes, p < 0.001). Immediately post-op, 100% patency was observed in both groups. At 1 week post-op, four of five (80%) of coupled arteries and all five (100%) of hand-sewn arteries were patent. The degree of arterial wall injury, neointimal formation, and luminal stenosis for patent arteries were similar between groups.

Conclusions Successful arterial anastomoses using the everter device with the Synovis Coupler was easier and significantly more efficient when compared with a standard hand-sewn technique. Both techniques had acceptable patency rates and similar effects on the vessel wall and intima.
Operative Time and Flap Failure in Unilateral and Bilateral Free Flap Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Edwards Kyle , Donato Daniel , Tatro Eric , Xu Yizhe , Presson Angela , Agarwal Jayant , Kwok Alvin
Published: February 2018

Background There is an increasing trend toward bilateral breast reconstruction. Using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database, we sought to understand the association between unilateral and bilateral free flap breast reconstruction and operative time and flap failure.

Methods We selected a cohort of patients undergoing free flap breast reconstruction using the 2005 to 2010 NSQIP database. Cases were divided into unilateral and bilateral reconstruction. Subgroup analyses were performed dividing cases into delayed and immediate reconstruction. The effect of patient characteristics including age, body mass index (BMI), history of diabetes, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists' classification on operative time and flap failure was examined using univariable and multivariable regression models. Rates and odds ratios (OR) were reported using the multivariable gamma and logistic regression models, respectively.

Results There were 691 free flap breast reconstructions performed in the cohort and 29.1% were bilateral cases. There was a 78-minute increase in the median operative time when comparing unilateral and bilateral reconstruction (p = 0.005). Patients undergoing bilateral reconstructions were generally younger and had fewer comorbidities compared with unilateral reconstructions. There was no significant association between bilateral reconstruction and flap failure. Immediate bilateral reconstructions had a significant increase in median operative time compared with immediate unilateral reconstructions (563 versus 480 minutes, p = 0.002) but no significant increase in operative time was noted when comparing delayed unilateral and delayed bilateral reconstructions. Prolonged operative time was associated with flap failure after adjusting for age and BMI (OR 1.17, p < 0.001).

Conclusions Bilateral free flap breast reconstruction can be performed safely despite an increase in operative time when compared with unilateral reconstruction.
Variants Associated with Infantile Cholestatic Syndromes Detected in Extrahepatic Biliary Atresia by Whole Exome Studies: A 20-Case Series from Thailand
Authors: Laochareonsuk Wison , Maneechay Wanwisa , Kayasut Kanita , Chiengkriwate Piyawan , Sangkhathat Surasak
Published: February 2018

Biliary atresia (BA) is the most severe form of obstructive cholangiopathy occurring in infants. Definitive diagnosis of BA usually relies on operative findings together with supporting pathological patterns found in the extrahepatic bile duct. In infancy, overlapping clinical patterns of cholestasis can be found in other diseases including biliary hypoplasia and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. In addition, BA has been reported as a phenotype in some rare genetic syndromes. Unlike BA, other cholangiopathic phenotypes have their own established genetic markers. In this study, we used these markers to look for other cholestasis entities in cases diagnosed with BA. DNA from 20 cases of BA, diagnosed by operative findings and histopathology, were subjected to a study of 19 genes associated with infantile cholestasis syndromes, using whole exome sequencing. Variant selection focused on those with allele frequencies in dbSNP150 of less than 0.01. All selected variants were verified by polymerase chain reaction–direct sequencing. Of the 20 cases studied, 13 rare variants were detected in 9 genes: 4 in JAG1 (Alagille syndrome), 2 in MYO5B (progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis [PFIC] type 6), and one each in ABCC2 (Dubin–Johnson syndrome), ABCB11 (PFIC type 2), UG1A1 (Crigler–Najjar syndrome), MLL2 (Kabuki syndrome), RFX6 (Mitchell–Riley syndrome), ERCC4 (Fanconi anemia), and KCNH1 (Zimmermann–Laband syndrome). Genetic lesions associated with various cholestatic syndromes detected in cases diagnosed with BA raised the hypothesis that severe inflammatory cholangiopathy in BA may not be a distinct disease entity, but a shared pathology among several infantile cholestatic syndromes.
Einarbeitung von Berufsanfängern – Verleihen Sie Flügel!
Authors: Freitag-Herse Barbara
Published: February 2018

Wenn junge motivierte Mitarbeiter in Ihrer Praxis anfangen zu arbeiten, sind Sie als Praxisinhaber besonders gefordert. Mit Ihrer Hilfe soll der Transfer von der Theorie in die Praxis gelingen und Sie tragen entscheidend dazu bei, dass ein Anfänger sich beflügelt fühlt und sich zum Profi entwickelt. Manchmal überholt er Sie dabei sogar!
Die Spinalkanalstenose – ein Überblick
Authors: Beyerlein Jörg
Published: February 2018

Die hohe Lebenserwartung in Deutschland wird dazu führen, dass Ärzte und Therapeuten häufiger Patienten mit
degenerativen Erkrankungen untersuchen und behandeln werden. Die degenerative Spinalkanalstenose gehört zu
diesen Pathologien. Dr. Jörg Beyerlein fasst klinisches Bild, Diagnostik und Therapiemöglichkeiten
zusammen.
Does the Acromiohumeral Distance Matter in Chronic Rotator Cuff Related Shoulder
Pain?
Authors: Hirtz Frederick
Published: February 2018

Navarro-Ledesma S, Struyf F, Labajos-Manzanares MT et al. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2017; 29: 38–42
Semiclassical analysis of jm → j′m′ transitions in rotationally inelastic collisions in cell experiments
Authors: Price T. J. , Hickman A. P.
Published: February 2018

Recent quantum calculations of rotationally inelastic collisions of NaK (A1Σ+) with He or Ar in a cell experiment are analyzed using semiclassical approximations valid for large quantum numbers. The results suggest a physical interpretation of jm → j′m′ transitions based on the vector model and lead to expressions that explicitly involve the initial and final polar angles of the angular momentum of the target molecule. The relation between the polar angle θ and the azimuthal quantum number m links the semiclassical results for the change in polar angle (θ → θ′) to quantum results for an m → m′ transition. Analytic formulas are derived that relate the location and width of peaks in the final polar angle distribution (PAD) to the K-dependence of the coefficients dK(j, j′), which are proportional to tensor cross sections σK(j → j′). Several special cases are treated that lead to final PADs that are approximately Lorentzian or sinc functions centered at θ′ = θ. Another interesting case, “angular momentum reversal,” was observed in the calculations for He. This phenomenon, which involves a reversal of the direction of the target’s angular momentum, is shown to be associated with oscillatory behavior of the dK for certain transitions. Finally, several strategies for obtaining the dK coefficients from experimental data are discussed.
Electronic annealing Fermi operator expansion for DFT calculations on metallic systems
Authors: Aarons Jolyon , Skylaris Chris-Kriton
Published: February 2018

Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations with computational effort which increases linearly with the number of atoms (linear-scaling DFT) have been successfully developed for insulators, taking advantage of the exponential decay of the one-particle density matrix. For metallic systems, the density matrix is also expected to decay exponentially at finite electronic temperature and linear-scaling DFT methods should be possible by taking advantage of this decay. Here we present a method for DFT calculations at finite electronic temperature for metallic systems which is effectively linear-scaling (O(N)). Our method generates the elements of the one-particle density matrix and also finds the required chemical potential and electronic entropy using polynomial expansions. A fixed expansion length is always employed to generate the density matrix, without any loss in accuracy by the application of a high electronic temperature followed by successive steps of temperature reduction until the desired (low) temperature density matrix is obtained. We have implemented this method in the ONETEP linear-scaling (for insulators) DFT code which employs local orbitals that are optimised in situ. By making use of the sparse matrix machinery of ONETEP, our method exploits the sparsity of Hamiltonian and density matrices to perform calculations on metallic systems with computational cost that increases asymptotically linearly with the number of atoms. We demonstrate the linear-scaling computational cost of our method with calculation times on palladium nanoparticles with up to ∼13 000 atoms.
Change of hydrogen bonding structure in ionic liquid mixtures by anion type
Authors: Cha Seoncheol , Kim Doseok
Published: February 2018

Ionic liquid mixtures have gained attention as a way of tuning material properties continuously with composition changes. For some mixture systems, physicochemical properties such as excess molar volume have been found to be significantly different from the value expected by linear interpolation, but the origin of this deviation is not well understood yet. The microstructure of the mixture, which can range from an ideal mixture of two initial consisting ionic liquids to a different structure from those of pure materials, has been suggested as the origin of the observed deviation. The structures of several different ionic liquid mixtures are studied by IR spectroscopy to confirm this suggestion, as a particular IR absorption band (νC(2)-D) for the moiety participating in the hydrogen bonding changes sensitively with the change of the anion in the ionic liquid. The absorbance of νC(2)-D changes proportionally with the composition, and a relatively small excess molar volume is observed for the mixtures containing an electronegative halide anion. By contrast, the absorbance changes nonlinearly, and the excess molar volumes are larger for the mixtures of which one of the anions has multiple interaction sites.
Rolling viscous drops on a non-wettable surface containing both micro- and macro-scale roughness
Authors: Abolghasemibizaki Mehran , Robertson Connor J. , Fergusson Christian P. , McMasters Robert L. , Mohammadi Reza
Published: February 2018

It has previously been shown that when a liquid drop of high viscosity is placed on a non-wettable inclined surface, it rolls down at a constant descent velocity determined by the balance between viscous dissipation and the reduction rate of its gravitational potential energy. Since increasing the roughness of the surface boosts its non-wetting property, the drop should move faster on a surface structured with macrotextures (ribbed surface). Such a surface was obtained from a superhydrophobic soot coating on a solid specimen printed with an extruder-type 3D printer. The sample became superoleophobic after a functionalization process. The descent velocity of glycerol drops of different radii was then measured on the prepared surface for varied tilting angles. Our data show that the drops roll down on the ribbed surface approximately 27% faster (along the ridges) than on the macroscopically smooth counterpart. This faster velocity demonstrates that ribbed surfaces can be promising candidates for drag-reduction and self-cleaning applications. Moreover, we came up with a modified scaling model to predict the descent velocity of viscous rolling drops more accurately than what has previously been reported in the literature.
Long-lived transient anion of c-C4F8O
Authors: Kočišek J. , Janečková R. , Fedor J.
Published: February 2018

We report partial cross sections for electron attachment to c-C4F8O, a gas with promising technological applications in free-electron-rich environments. The dissociative electron attachment leads to a number of anionic fragments resulting from complex bond-breaking and bond-forming processes. However, the anion with the highest abundance is the non-dissociated (transient) parent anion which is formed around 0.9 eV electron energy. Its lifetime reaches tens of microseconds. We discuss the origin of this long lifetime, the anion’s strong interactions with other molecules, and the consequences for electron-scavenging properties of c-C4F8O in denser environments, in particular for its use in mixtures with CO2 and N2.
Phase-resolved spin-wave tomography
Authors: Hashimoto Yusuke , Johansen Tom H. , Saitoh Eiji
Published: February 2018

The propagation dynamics of spin waves are represented by their dispersion relations. Recently, we have developed a method, called spin-wave tomography (SWaT), to obtain a dispersion relation of spin waves in the long wavelength regime, the so-called pure magnetostatic waves. In our previous studies on SWaT, phase information of spin waves is disregarded. In this report, we demonstrate an advanced SWaT analysis, called phase-resolved spin-wave tomography (PSWaT), to realize the direct observation of the amplitude and the phase of spin waves. The PSWaT spectra are obtained by separating the real and the imaginary components of the complex Fourier transform in the SWaT analysis. We demonstrate the PSWaT spectra of spin waves excited by photo-induced demagnetization in a Bi-doped garnet film, reflecting the characteristic features of the complex dynamical susceptibility affected by magnetostatic coupling in the film.
Temperature-dependent vibrational spectroscopy to study order-disorder transitions in charge transfer complexes
Authors: Isaac Rohan , Goetz Katelyn P. , Roberts Drew , Jurchescu Oana D. , McNeil L. E.
Published: February 2018

Charge-transfer (CT) complexes are a promising class of materials for the semiconductor industry because of their versatile properties. This class of compounds shows a variety of phase transitions, which are of interest because of their potential impact on the electronic characteristics. Here temperature-dependent vibrational spectroscopy is used to study structural phase transitions in a set of organic CT complexes. Splitting and broadening of infrared-active phonons in the complex formed between pyrene and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) confirm the structural transition is of the order-disorder type and complement previous x-ray diffraction (XRD) results. We show that this technique is a powerful tool to characterize transitions, and apply it to a range of binary CT complexes composed of polyaromatic hyrdocarbons (anthracene, perylene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and stilbene) and PMDA. We extend the understanding of transitions in perylene-PMDA and pyrene-PMDA, and show that there are no order-disorder transitions present in anthracene-PMDA, stilbene-PMDA and phenanthrene-PMDA in the temperature range investigated here.