bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Behartiging van het onderwijs in coronatijd in Nederland en Zuid-Afrika: een vergelijkende studie
Authors: Broer Nicolaas A. , Van der Walt Johannes L. , Wolhuter Charl C.
Published: December 2021

Managing education during the pandemic in the Netherlands and South Africa: A comparative study. Optimism has reigned supreme for a long time regarding the potential of education (schooling) to address the many societal ailments that humankind has had to deal with. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 shifted all such aspirations to the back-burner. Now, after just more than a year after the initial outbreak of the pandemic, the question can be raised whether those who managed the pandemic in the educational context followed the correct policies and instituted the correct (ethical, moral) measures in combatting the pandemic. This comparison between the situation in the Netherlands and South Africa reveals that although the role-players in both countries had a good understanding of the situation and of their duties in such conditions, they tended to treat education as just another facet of society, thereby demonstrating a lack of empathy with the unique demands of education (schooling).Contribution: In this article, the authors investigate the governance performance of two different countries during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic concerning education and judge that performance based on a Biblically driven ethical-moral-pedagogical framework.
The influence of demographic variables on financial record-keeping in small- and medium-sized enterprises in the South African informal sector
Authors: Jonck Petronella , Nwosu Lilian
Published: December 2021

Orientation: Financial record-keeping is a pivotal management tool to analyse profitability, solvency and liquidity, and contribute towards financial efficiency and organisational performance.Research purpose: The purpose of the research is to explore financial record-keeping practices by small- and medium-sized entities in the informal sector with specific reference to selected demographic variables.Motivation for study: The contribution of the informal sector to economic growth has recently gained momentum. Financial record-keeping has been identified as keystone to the success of small- and medium-sized entities.Research approach, design and method: Quantitative data obtained from the national Survey of Employers and the Self-Employed (2017) acquired from Statistics South Africa were utilised, yielding a final sample of 1658 respondents.Main findings: By means of binary logistic regression, the research established that various demographic variables influence financial record-keeping practices in the informal sector in a statistically significant way. Moreover, it was found that the majority of small- and medium-sized entities do not practise financial record-keeping.Practical/managerial implications: Interventions should underscore addressing the perceived absence of financial record-keeping practices in the informal sector. Whilst the National Development Plan (NDP) extrapolate the informal sector contributing to job creation by 2030, the effect of these demographic variables on financial record-keeping practices should be taken into cognisance.Contribution/value-add: The evidence generated by the research presented could be utilised when debating developing or expanding the informal sector. The theoretical contribution relates to modernisation, structure and dependency of the informal sector specifically contributing to the development of a theoretical framework underscoring the influence of demographic variables.
Factors influencing the high rejection rates of HIV 1/2 serology samples at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and the cost implications
Authors: Reddy Bhaveshan , Cassim Naseem , Treurnicht Florette , Makatini Zinhle
Published: December 2021

Background: HIV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is one of the most requested test sets within Virology and forms an essential part of patient management. Assessment of the rejection criteria is a key quality indicator, crucial for improving laboratory services and efficiency to ensure accurate and reliable results.Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the factors that influence the HIV 1/2 serology rejection rates (RR) at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and to evaluate the associated costs.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted (June to December 2019) to identify the RR and rejection criteria of HIV serology samples throughout the total testing process. Descriptive analysis using percentages and frequencies was used to analyse the RR by phase, health establishment, ward and healthcare professional. A cost analysis incorporating minor and major costs was modelled in each phase of testing, and the total cost of rejections was calculated.Results: A total of 6678 tests were received, and 738 were rejected (RR = 11.1%). The pre-analytical phase contributed significantly to the overall RR, with the requirement of a separate sample (57.44%) the most common reason for rejection. The total cost per rejected test was $2.47, which amounted to a total rejection cost of $197.55, of which $158.18 was caused by the pre-analytical rejection criteria.Conclusion: High RR of HIV tests were noted, resulting in significant cost wastage. Identification and analysis of rejections must be implemented across all laboratories to improve the efficiency of testing, provide a cost-saving benefit and maintain high laboratory standards.
The relationship between bone marrow involvement on 18F-FDG PET/CT and bone marrow biopsy in patients with multiple myeloma and other plasma cell neoplasms
Authors: Gebreslassie Kiflom S. , Bassa Fatima C. , Chapanduka Zivanai C. , Warwick James M.
Published: December 2021

Background: Bone marrow biopsy (BMB) plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and assessment of treatment response in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has been shown to be a complimentary measure of marrow involvement in patients with Hodgkin and diffuse large B cell lymphomas. However, only limited information is available on its relationship with BMB in MM.Aim: To assess the association between bone marrow involvement on 18F-FDG PET/CT, and BMB in patients with MM and other plasma cell neoplasms.Setting: Cape Town, South Africa.Methods: Hundred and three patients undergoing 18F-FDG PET/CT and BMB were included. Plasma cell infiltration (PCI) on BMB was compared for three visual patterns of 18F-FDG bone marrow uptake (irregular, diffuse less than or equal to the liver and diffuse greater than liver).Results: Eighty-four patients had diffuse bone marrow uptake. Of these, 25/84 had uptake greater than liver, all having PCI ≥ 60% and a median value of 85%. Of the 84 patients, the 59 patients with uptake less than or equal to liver had PCI 10% in 57.6% (34/59), and ≥ 10% in 42.4% (25/59) with a median value of 8%. Nineteen patients had irregular bone marrow uptake. Of these, 4/19 (21.1%) had PCI of 10% and 15/19 (78.9%) had PCI ≥ 10%, with the median value of 23%. The median percentage of PCI across the three described patterns of FDG uptake was significantly different (p = 0.0001).Conclusion: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography might avoid the need of repeat BMB in most of the patients with diffuse and irregular patterns of 18F-FDG uptake.
‘[T]he prince and the judge ask for a bribe’ (Mi 7:3): Interpreting the Old Testament prophets on bribery in light of the encounter between motorists and law enforcement agents on Nigerian highways
Authors: Ademiluka Solomon O.
Published: December 2021

Transparency International has consistently reported a high level of corruption in sub-Saharan Africa, of which bribery is the commonest aspect. In Nigeria, bribery has been found to be an integral part of the public life of most public officials. This article related the message of the 8th-century prophets of Israel to the Nigerian context in which motorists are forced to pay bribes to law enforcement agents on the highways, and attempted to exonerate the motorists from bribery. The work employed the historical exegesis for the study of the relevant texts, and the descriptive approach for the analysis of bribery on Nigerian highways. The work found that the central context of the 8th-century prophets’ criticism of bribery was in the judicial process in which the court officials took bribes from the rich and denied justice to the poor. The message of the prophets is thus relevant to the current situation of the poor Nigerian motorists. It concluded that given the fact that the police, in particular, forcefully take money from the motorists, it is better described as extortion rather than bribery. In view of the helpless circumstances faced by the motorists, it is unlikely that the prophets would have accused them of bribery, but they certainly would have condemned the law enforcement agents for extortion. Therefore, given their situation, Nigerian motorists being extorted on the highways are not guilty of bribery.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This research involves the disciplines of the Old Testament (OT) and Christian ethics. It relates the message of the OT prophets to the Nigerian context in which motorists are forced to give bribes to the law enforcement agents. The article postulates that the motorists are absolved of bribery, given the manner by which money is extorted from them.
Challenges in Application of Online Registration System in Health Care in India
Authors: Kalyani C. Vasantha , Arora Gunjot , Chao Hiiveirei , Kaur Harjot Dhami , Kaur Harsimrat , Malik Himanshi , Negi Indu , Kajal  , Kalpana
Published: December 2021

Background:

Online Registration System (ORS) is latest method of appointment in various hospital, which is very easy method and ultimately shorter queues of hospital. No research has been conducted which shows any challenges faced by patients during online registration in hospitals.

Aims:

The main aim of this study was to investigate challenges faced by patients during online registration in tertiary level hospital, Uttarakhand.

Patients and Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive study using non-probability sampling techniques was conducted on 400 patients visiting outpatient department (OPD) using self-structured questionnaire.

Results:

Majority (99.5%) of participants were familiarised how to operation of smartphone or electronic devices for online registration. Majority (71%) participants were knowing that online OPD registration system is a method of registration in hospital, but only few (26%) were doing it. Main barrier faced by participants that they do not know how to do online registration process, that why they did not do online registration of their patients.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that online registration process should be simpler so that people can be easily use. More awareness campaign by mass media communication also required, so that people should know how to effectively use ORS.
Diagnosis and Management of Corneal Abrasion Perception of (Primary Health Care Physicians and Emergency Physicians) and its Determinants in Saudi Arabia – A Survey
Authors: Aalam Waseem , Barry Maan , Alharbi Majed , Tamur Shadi , Wazzan Ahmad , Edward Deepak P.
Published: December 2021

PURPOSE:

The purpose of the study was to determine knowledge, practice, and resources available to primary care physicians to diagnose and manage corneal abrasion in Saudi Arabia.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional survey was held in 2017. Family physicians and emergency physicians attending an international conference were surveyed. The questions related to demography, invagination, and tools available in their institute were collected. The questionnaire on how to diagnose and how they manage case of corneal abrasion was also collected using tablet-based software.

RESULTS:

Two hundred and twenty-five participants participated in the survey. Exposure to eye patients in two-third of participants was too low (93; 39.6%). Resources for diagnosing corneal abrasion were available in limited centers (51; 21.7%). The rate of good practice to manage corneal abrasion was 21.2% (95% confidence interval 16.0; 26.5). Certified emergency physicians (P < 0.001) and western and central regions (P < 0.001) were positively associated with good practice. Availability of slit lamp (P = 0.2) was not significantly associated with the level of practice to manage corneal abrasion. Fluorescein staining and use of cobalt blue light are essential for diagnosing corneal abrasion as per 40% of participants. About 44.7% of participants replied that antibiotics and lubricants should be used to treat. Nearly one-fourth of participants suggested urgent reference to the ophthalmologist. Use of specific antibiotic varied widely; however, ofloxacin was the main choice of antibiotic in treating corneal abrasion.

CONCLUSION:

The knowledge and practice among physicians about corneal abrasion were low. Integrating primary eye care into emergency services through provision of required resources and training physicians is recommended.
The Pattern of Care for Brain Metastasis from Breast Cancer over the Past 10 Years in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 16-12)
Authors: Kim Jae Sik , Kim Kyubo , Jung Wonguen , Shin Kyung Hwan , Im Seock-Ah , Kim Hee-Jun , Kim Yong Bae , Chang Jee Suk , Kim Jee Hyun , Choi Doo Ho , Park Yeon Hee , Kim Dae Yong , Kim Tae Hyun , Choi Byung Ock , Lee Sea-Won , Kim Suzy , Kwon Jeanny , Kang Ki Mun , Chung Woong-Ki , Kim Kyung Su , Nam Ji Ho , Yoon Won Sup , Kim Jin Hee , Cha Jihye , Oh Yoon Kyeong , Kim In Ah
Published: December 2021

Purpose We aimed to investigate manifestations and patterns of care for patients with brain metastasis (BM) from breast cancer (BC) and compared their overall survival (OS) from 2005 through 2014 in Korea.Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 600 BC patients with BM diagnosed between 2005 and 2014. The median follow-up duration was 12.5 months. We categorized the patients into three groups according to the year when BM was initially diagnosed (group I [2005-2008], 98 patients; group II [2009-2011], 200 patients; and group III [2012-2014], 302 patients).Results Over time, the median age at BM diagnosis increased by 2.2 years (group I, 49.0 years; group II, 48.3 years; and group III, 51.2 years; p=0.008). The percentage of patients with extracranial metastasis was 73.5%, 83.5%, and 86.4% for group I, II, and III, respectively (p=0.011). The time interval between BC and BM was prolonged in patients with stage III primary BC (median, 2.4 to 3 years; p=0.029). As an initial brain-directed treatment, whole-brain radiotherapy alone decreased from 80.0% in 2005 to 41.1% in 2014. Meanwhile, stereotactic radiosurgery or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy alone increased from 13.3% to 34.7% during the same period (p=0.005). The median OS for group I, II, and III was 15.6, 17.9, and 15.0 months, respectively, with no statistical significance.Conclusion The manifestations of BM from BC and the pattern of care have changed from 2005 to 2014 in Korea. However, the OS has remained relatively unchanged over the 10 years.
Evaluation of Tuberculosis Vaccine Candidate, pcDNA3.1-rpfD using Mycobacterial Growth Inhibition Assay (MGIA)
Authors: Nurfadilah Mifa , Rukmana Andriansjah , Sjatha Fithriyah
Published: December 2021

Resuscitation-promoting factor D (RpfD) is a protein involved in the resuscitation of dormant bacteria. A new tuberculosis vaccine carrying the rpfD gene has been successfully constructed, pcDNA3.1-rpfD. It was demonstrated that this vaccine exhibits cellular and humoral immune responses. Therefore, within this study, the efficacy of this new vaccine candidate was evaluated using mycobacterial growth inhibition assay (MGIA). MGIA is a functional assay that measures the complex host immune response, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and splenocyte from BALB/c mice against mycobacteria. With BACTECTM MGITTM 960 automated system, the effect of vaccination on bacterial growth was reported as a time to positivity (TTP) in hours. The mean of TTP from the vaccinated group (both pcDNA3.1-rpfD and BCG) was higher than the negative control group. These results suggest that pcDNA3.1-rpfD may be effective in controlling tuberculosis growth and may provide a clue for the development of the tuberculosis vaccine. In addition, despite previous evidence that IFNγ was essential for tuberculosis immunity, IFNγ (interferon gamma) production was found not to be correlated with mycobacterial inhibition. Therefore, these findings offer an alternative method to evaluate vaccine candidates than the assessment using IFNγ only.
Enhancement in Human Insulin Precursor Secretion by Pichia pastoris through Modification of Expression Conditions
Authors: Nurdiani Dini , Hariyatun Hariyatun , Utami Nuruliawaty , Putro Eko Wahyu , Kusharyoto Wien
Published: December 2021

Pichia pastoris is an alternative yeast expression system to produce heterologous proteins. It has excellent characteristics for an industrial cell factory, such as its ability to reach high cell densities, high secretory capacity, and a low level of native proteins. In our previous study, we introduced a synthetic insulin precursor (IP)-encoding gene constructed in a pD902 expression vector into P. pastoris. However, the P. pastoris recombinant strains expressed a little amount of IP protein. Here, we modified the expression conditions, including inoculum density, methanol concentration, methanol induction time, pH, and temperature, to obtain a higher amount of secreted IP than our previous result. Protein analysis for studying the five parameters was conducted by SDS-PAGE, and the protein amount was estimated by ImageJ applying lysozyme as standard. We successfully enhanced the IP expression by modifying expression conditions. The highest increased of up to 100 folds was achieved when methanol concentration for induction was arranged at 3% (v/v), and the initial cell density for methanol induction was set at an optical density at 600 nm (OD600) of approximately 10 compared to the standard procedure, where the expression was set at 0.5% (v/v) methanol induction and initial cell density at OD600 = 1.
In Vitro Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition by Marine Fungi Purpureocillium lilacinum Associated with Stylissa sp. Sponge as Anti-obesity Agent
Authors: Fadillah Wendi Nurul , Sukarno Nampiah , Iswantini Dyah , Rahminiwati Min , Hanif Novriyandi , Waite Mashuri
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of marine fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum isolated from an Indonesian marine sponge Stylissa sp. as an anti-obesity agent through pancreatic lipase inhibition assay. The fungus was identified as P. lilacinum through morphological and molecular characteristics. The fungal extract’s inhibition activity and kinetics were evaluated using spectrophotometry and Lineweaver-Burk plots. Ethyl acetate and butanol were used for extraction. Both extracts showed pancreatic lipase inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner. Both crude extracts were then fractionated once. All fractionated extracts showed inhibitory activity above 50%, with the highest activity found in fraction 5 of ethyl acetate at 93.41% inhibition. The best fractionated extract had an IC50value of 220.60 µg.mL-1. The most active fraction of P. lilacinum had a competitive-type inhibitor behavior as shown by the value of Vmax not significantly changing from 388.80 to 382.62 mM pNP.min-1, and the Michaelis-Menten constant (KM) increased from 2.02 to 5.47 mM in the presence of 500 µg.mL-1 fractionated extract. Metabolite identification with LC-MS/MS QTOF suggested that galangin, kaempferol, and quercetin were responsible for the observed lipase inhibition.
Development of Eco-friendly Adsorbent Pellets from Low Fire Clay and Potato Starch for Potential Use in Methylene Blue Removal in Aquaculture
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Qanungo Kushal
Published: January 2022

Mesoporous clay-starch ceramic pellets have been prepared using silica-rich low fire clay and potato starch as a pore-forming agent. The ceramic pellets prepared using 30% starch, showed the highest porosity and lowest compressive strength among all the different pellets. Batch mode studies using the pellets showed higher methylene blue adsorption capacity with an increase in time and increased initial dye concentration. The adsorption capacity was found to decrease with increasing pellet dose, while pH had a negligible effect on methylene blue removal which makes them a suitable adsorbent in both acidic and basic mediums. Adsorption isotherm analysis of the process was followed by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm whereas the kinetics analysis fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. A low-cost, simple device was made from a stainless-steel wire mesh with mesoporous ceramic pellets enclosed in it, which can easily be dipped and taken out of an aquarium and can remove methylene blue from water.
Polyneuropathy Following Nitrous Oxide Abuse
Authors: Seo Jin Young , Kim Yerim , Lee Ji won , Bae Jong Seok
Published: December 2021

Nitrous oxide (N2O), an anesthetic gas, has been abused by some people for entertainment purposes. Recently, N2O (under the name of "Happy Balloon") abuse has become problematic among young people in Korea. N2O intoxication can develop a neuropathy, as well as other systemic disorders, either by inactivating vitamin B12 or by a direct neurotoxic mechanism. Here, we report a case of peripheral neuropathy with possible coexisting myelopathy following N2O abuse.
Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy Accompanied with Delayed Facial Diplegia
Authors: Yoon Byeol-A , Chung Hyein , Cho Ja Hyeon , Kim Jong Kuk
Published: December 2021

Facial nerve palsy is one of major accompanying features in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). In most of the cases, facial weakness develops simultaneously with other symptoms such as motor weakness, sensory change and other cranial neuropathies. However, facial palsy also occurs after the nadir of neurological deficits or even after the beginning of limb weakness improvement, called delayed facial palsy (DFP). DFP has been reported in Miller Fisher syndrome, but it rarely found from the acute motor axonal neuropathy subtype of GBS. Recently, we experienced a patient who diagnosed acute motor axonal neuropathy accompanying with delayed facial diplegia.
Co-Existence of Anterior and Posterior Column Lesions in Patients with Subacute Combined Degeneration
Authors: Choi Kyomin , Moon Yeonsil , Oh Jeeyoung
Published: December 2021

Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) of the spinal cord, which is a result of vitamin B12 deficiency, may cause irreversible neurological deficits. The lesion in the spinal cord is typically localized to the posterior and lateral columns, as the name implies. In this paper, we report on two patients with SCD, whose lesions involved the bilateral anterior column as well as the posterior and lateral columns. This report illustrates the importance of awareness of clinical and radiologic variable characteristics of SCD.
A Case of POEMS Syndrome Previously Diagnosed with Extramedullary Plasmacytoma
Authors: Kim Hyunkee , Lee Sanggon
Published: December 2021

POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy and skin changes) syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder associated with osteosclerotic myeloma. It is characterized by peripheral polyneuropathy, presence of monoclonal plasma cell proliferative disorder, and one or more of the following features – sclerotic bone lesions, Castleman disease, elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, organomegaly, extravascular volume overload, endocrinopathy, skin changes, papilledema, and thrombocytosis. Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare plasma cell neoplasm that arises in isolated tissues without bone marrow involvement or systemic characteristics of multiple myeloma. Herein, we report a male patient who was previously diagnosed with EMP and later developed POEMS.
Triangulating the Foundations of Kuyperian Spirituality
Authors: Kristanto David
Published: December 2021

Spirituality is an under-developed topic on Abraham Kuyper, perhaps it is due to Kuyper’s strong emphasis on the public implications of Christian faith. But things are not supposed to remain that way, since Kuyper also has an equally strong emphasis on the importance of the private dimension of Christian faith. For more than 40 years, Kuyper had written a multivolume of meditations which amount to 2,200. In those meditations, his personality and spirituality are clearly reflected. This article argues that his meditations would be a suitable starting point to construct a Kuyperian spirituality alongside other Kuyperian themes such as his doctrine of regeneration (palingenesis) and his ecclesiology. The term “palingenesis” (from Greek word palingenesia) refers to both personal rebirth and the rebirth of all cosmos. This doctrine bridges the private and public implications of Christian faith, between spirituality and Christian actions in Kuyper’s theology. And while his distinction between the Church as institution and as organism is well-known, his emphasis on the role of the institutional Church as mother which nurtures the spirituality of the believers is lesser known. A deeper examination shows how his ecclesiology plays a central role in his spirituality.
Geotechnical Properties Study of Soil Bank Slopes for Shatt Al-Hilla, Middle of Iraq
Authors: Mrzah Wael Noori , Mahmod Raid Aziz , Lafta Amer Atia
Published: December 2021

The central regions of Babylon Governorate, located on the Shatt Al-Hilla, suffer from problems as the collapse and erosion of its banks, increase in sedimentation in the river, which reduces the river flow efficiency and forms meanders in the river. After the reconnaissance visit to determine the meandering sites. A detailed study of the area was carried out by drilling 6 test boreholes representing three areas (Ancient Babylon, Bata-Bridge, and Al-Khusrweya), two wells on both sides of the meander at a depth of 10m for each borehole to know soil properties, bearing capacity and consolidation, and its effect on the engineering construction. Soil samples have been taken to carry out geotechnical tests. also conducted a study of banks stability for three stations, where the cross-section was monitored by the M9 device and the height of the banks from both sides by the LEVEL device, using the Geo-Studio-2021 program with soil properties and by using Bishop method the safety factor was extracted for the three stations for erosion-prone areas. it was 3.44 in Ancient Babylon, Bata-Bridge was 1.7 and Al-Khusrweya was 1.6 Under natural conditions, the average river flow level reaches it in year respectively are 27.88, 27.74, 27.33 m, above sea level. Where all the stations were safe unless the water level increased or decreased. Also, the research reached a determination of the allowable bearing capacity reaches it before the landslide.
Colocação literária e estrutura da bênção aarônica (Nm 6,22-27)
Authors: Perondi Ildo , Catenassi Fabrizio Zandonadi
Published: December 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo a discussão da colocação literária (Sitz in der Literatur) da bênção aarônica (Nm 6,22-27) e da estrutura da perícope, especialmente quando comparada com textos semelhantes, bíblicos e extra-bíblicos. Nossa proposta sobre a colocação literária foi influenciada particularmente pela narratologia, de forma que a bênção foi entendida como uma conclusão lógica dos caps. 1–5, os quais proporcionam uma visão triunfante da organização cúltico-militar dos israelitas no contexto da preparação para a marcha rumo a Canaã. Trata-se de uma garantia da presença de YHWH junto a seu povo a partir da mediação sacerdotal. O estudo das fórmulas semelhantes a Nm 6,22-27 permitiu afirmar que é muito antiga e foi bem conservada nos amuletos de Ketef Hinnom. Sendo assim, a versão consignada em Números deve ter inspirado outros textos bíblicos semelhantes, particularmente, dos salmos. Contudo, a estrutura presente no quarto livro do Pentateuco é particular e notável. As técnicas de emolduramento, paralelismos e acomodação gradativa de palavras, sílabas e consoantes dão ao texto um efeito litúrgico e popular poderoso. Ainda que a versão grega antiga proponha uma alteração dessa estrutura, nosso estudo destacou que a harmonia da versão final do Texto Massorético é inegável e irretocável.
interpretação dos particípios em 2 Tessalonicenses 2,6.7
Authors: Carvalho Adriano da Silva
Published: December 2021

A perícope 2Ts 2,1-17 é uma das passagens mais difíceis de interpretar no Novo Testamento. Seu grego é conhecido por ser irregular e impreciso: muitas frases elípticas, termos obscuros e giros linguísticos desconcertantes. Além disso, todo o assunto é apresentado de forma tão vaga que não é fácil esclarecê-lo. Neste artigo, serão investigados os contextos históricos, literários e textuais da perícope. Também serão analisadas algumas sentenças por estarem em conexão com as frases participiais. Finalmente, será sugerido que o autor de 2 Tessalonicenses não afirmou que a identificação de tais palavras podia ser conhecida por leitores de fora da comunidade dos destinatários originais. A chave para o entendimento do ensino escrito estava na reminiscência de um discurso oral. O intérprete moderno não tem essa chave.
Covid-19: Selebgram Bicara, Selebgram Bertindak
Authors: Arta Yuni Khaerunnisa
Published: December 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has greatly impacted on Indonesian life. Various efforts have been made by the government by issuing various policies, from implementing health protocols, Work From Home (WFH), large-scale social restrictions (PSBB), to the implementation of office activity restrictions (PPKM). To break the chain of transmission of Covid-19, even though the government is responsible for handling Covid-19, this is not only the duty of the government, but it is the joint duty of various elements of society, including the celebgram. This article deals with the role of celebgram in helping the government to break the chain of transmission of Covid-19.
This qualitative research was conducted in the city of Makassar as one of the cities in Indonesia that has experienced twice large-scale social restrictions (PSBB). Data was collected by combining in-depth interviews and observation. There were ten informants participated in this study, whose age are varied between 19 and 27 years, and four of them are university students. All of the informants work as celebgrams, but seven of them have multiple professions: four of them are celebgrams and freelancers, two of them are celebgrams and entrepreneurs; and one of them has triple professions, as a celebgram, model, as well as freelancer. 
The study indicated that influencers such as celebgrams have a great opportunity to influence their followers because celebgrams are considered role models or people whose attitudes and behavior are imitated by their followers. To educate people in relation to Covid-19, celebgrams equip themselves with good and correct knowledge about Covid-19 which obtained from various sources, ranging from the internet, social media, television and other trusted sources of information. In doing so, celebgram have different metods, such as providing education through social media or going directly to the community. Education through social media is carried out in the form of live Instagram, creating educational videos regarding the importance of health protocols, and uploading them on their respective social media accounts. In addition, the celebgram also made efforts to prevent the transmission of the Covid-19 virus by going directly to the field which was carried out in the form of spraying disinfectants and distributing health protocol packages, such as hand sanitizers, masks and educational posters. They did this not as a public paid endorser, but as a form of moral responsibility to help the government in overcoming Covid-19.  It is argued in this article that celebgram plays an important role in helping the government to break the chain of transmission of Covid-19.
Pola Hidup Sehat Mahasiswa di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus di Kelurahan Tombolo, Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Lawarani Muh. Akram
Published: December 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic, which has been endemic since the end of 2019 until the end of 2020, has claimed many victims. One way to prevent the spread is by implementing a healthy lifestyle that may increase immunity and endurance, and many of those infected are people aged 50 years and over who have a history of chronic diseases and congenital diseases. Therefore, many young people feel they don't need to be afraid of Covid-19 and don't pay too much attention to a healthy lifestyle. Students who are between late teens and early twenties are a busy age, both in terms of academic activities and non-academic activities, often making them neglect a healthy lifestyle. This article deals with healthy life pattern among college students.
This qualitative study was conducted in the village of Tombolo, Gowa Regency between October and December 2020. This location was chosen because based on data, those infected with Covid-19 in this location are relatively low. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews with 10 college student, consisting of five men and five women, aged between 19 and 23 years. 
The study shows that in 2016 the government had launched the Healthy Living Community Movement (GERMAS). Although the government has recommended prevention of Covid-19 with the 3M movement (washing hands, wearing masks, maintaining distance), GERMAS is revealed in the form of activities that support more complex Covid-19 prevention which include: washing hands with soap, eating balanced nutritious food, exercise and adequate rest, maintain environmental hygiene, do not smoke, drink eight glasses of mineral water/day, eat perfectly cooked food and do not eat meat from animals that have the potential to transmit, if fever and shortness of breath go to a health facility immediately, wear a mask if cough or cover your mouth with the inside of your upper arm, and pray. Students' perceptions of a healthy lifestyle are related to how a person pays attention to eating/drinking, physical activities (exercise), and their resting time to avoid Covid-19. These perceptions are intertwined with the healthy lifestyle applied by students, in the form of personal hygiene patterns, eating patterns, exercise patterns, and resting patterns.
Adaptasi Kebijakan, Dampak Perkuliahan Daring, dan Strategi Mahasiswa Menjaga Imunitas Tubuh di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Kadir Karmila , Idrus Nurul Ilmi
Published: December 2021

The world was shocked by a disaster in the form of a very dangerous virus, namely the corona virus or called Covid-19 which requires humans to be able to adapt to this Covid-19 pandemic situation, including in the field of education. At the higher educational level, the learning system changes from face-to-face learning to online learning. This article discusses how students adapt in relation to various policies, the impact of online learning, and students’ strategies in maintaining body immunity during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Using a qualitative approach, this research was conducted in the city of Makassar, South Sulawesi Province. Data was collected using in-depth interview and observation. Those who participated in this study were 20 students, consisting of 15 males and five females, whose age ranging between 19 and 22 years. They come from various public and private campuses in the city of Makassar.
The results of the study show that during the Covid-19 pandemic, students experienced many changes. Students themselves adapted to various emerging policies related to Covid-19, which include not only government and lecturing policies, but also internal student organization policies. For students, online lectures have impacted not only on the learning process, but also on student health. Various strategies were carried out by students in an effort to maintain body immunity in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic policy, namely complying with health protocols; implementing a healthy lifestyle; managing stress; and taking supplements. It is argued in this articles that in order to prevent the spread of Covid-19, students adapt to the conditions that occur during the Covid-19 pendemic and apply related strategie. Lecturers also need to create a friendly environment and creative method of teaching, so that students can enjoy online learning on that limited screen.
Model Konversi Pelanggan untuk Menggunakan Aplikasi Pemesanan Makanan melalui Atribut Psikologis dan Teknologi
Authors: Yolanda Novita , Baskoro Bimmo Dwi , Jayadi Jayadi , Sudarmadji Sudarmadji
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh atribut psikologis dan teknologi pada konversi pelanggan untuk menggunakan aplikasi pemesanan makanan. Metode convenience sampling digunakan untuk mengumpulkan tanggapan dari responden. Sebanyak 374 responden telah dianalisis dengan pendekatan SEM-PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemudahan penggunaan yang dirasakan, kegunaan yang dirasakan, insentif yang dirasakan, informasi yang dirasakan, manajemen hubungan pelanggan, dan sistem manajemen pesanan mempengaruhi konversi pelanggan secara signifikan. Kontribusi utama dari penelitian ini adalah analisis empiris atribut psikologis dan teknologi pada konversi pelanggan terhadap aplikasi pemesanan makanan khususnya di Jakarta.
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Citra Perusahaan dan Kepercayaan Konsumen Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Produk Online
Authors: Malian Marina
Published: December 2021

This study aims to analyze partially and simultaneously the influence of product quality, brand image and consumer trust on customer satisfaction. Including quantitative research using the results of questionnaire surveys filled by respondents. The sample used is 100 consumers of on line products in Palembang. The method of data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis. To test the hypothesis the partial effect of independent variables on the dependent variable used the t test. The F test is used to test the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable together. The results of processing data show there is an influence of product quality on customer satisfaction. Consumer trust affects consumer satisfaction and brand image does not affect consumer satisfaction. Taken together there is the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. Consumer trust has the most dominant influence on customer satisfaction on line products in Palembang.
Literasi Keuangan Dimasa Pandemi Covid 19 (FLC19) dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Siklus Keuangan Di Indonesia
Authors: Basmar Edwin , S Hasdiana
Published: December 2021

Literasi keuangan dan Pandemi Covid 19 merupakan dua kondisi yang saling bertentangan, sehingga memberikan pengaruh pada pergerakan siklus keuangan di Indonesia, proses pengukuran tekanan literasi keuangan di masa Pandemi Covid 19 (FLC19) ini, dilakukan dengan menggunakan data Bank Indonesia selama priode Pandemi Covid 19 (2019 - 2021) secara time series, dengan menggunakan model pengembangan Ed Waves Index, hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa, untuk tipe tekanan literasi keuangan positif (FLC19+) bertekanan 0.015 Amplitudo yang menandakan adanya pertumbuhan perekonomian, sementara untuk tipe tekanan literasi keuangan negatif (FLC19-) bertekanan -0.024 Amplitudo yang menandakan ketidakstabilan keuangan dalam perekonomian Indonesia selama Pandemi Covid 19.
Peran Financial technology dalam Meningkatkan pendapatan UMKM di Kabupaten Pangkep
Authors: Amelia Nur Ulfha
Published: December 2021

Perkembangan teknologi semakin pesat telah mempengaruhi gaya hidup di dalam melakukan suatu kegiatan berbasis teknologi. Salah satunya financial technology yaitu alat dari perangkat teknologi yang dijadikan sebagai layanan keuangan dalam melalakukan sebuah transaksi. Kehadiran financial technology ini memudahkan masyarakat di dalam kegiatan bertransaksi. Hal ini yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh pelaku umkm didalam gaya hidup baru ini untuk meningkatkan jumlah pendapatannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran financial technology dalam meningkatan jumlah pendapatan usaha mikro kecil dan menegah sektor fashion di kabupaten pangkep. Metode analisis yang digunakan metode kualitatif dan metode analisis deskriptif. Metode kualitatif metode kualitatif yaitu dengan berinteraktif dengan para pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, Dan Menengah kemudian menganalisis data dengan cara mereduksi data, menyajikan data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Metode analisis deskriptif yaitu dengan menganalisis hasil dari penelitian namun bukan untuk membuat suatu kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran financial technology belum berperan dalam meningkatkan pendapatan di Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah sektor fashion di Kabupaten Pangkep, hal ini disebabkan karena sebagian besar pelaku usaha dan masyarakat sekitar masih menganut pasar tradisional  yang kegiatan transaksinya masih dilakukan secara langsung atau tunai, selain itu pemahaman literasi keuangan yang masih kurang dan dari sisi infrastruktur juga masih belum seluruh Kabupaten Pangkep yang bisa terakses internet
PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Muliana Muliana , Ahmad Sri Wahyuni Astuti
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh Struktur Modal dan Profitabilitas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada sektor perdagangan eceran yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2014-2018. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 93 perusahaan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dandiperoleh sebanyak 15 perusahaan sebagai objek penelitian. Metode pengujian untuk melihat pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen menggunakan metode analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel Debt to Equity Ratio (DER)  dan Return On Asset (ROA) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Begitu juga, secara simultan, Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) dan Return On Asset (ROA) berpengaruh signifikan  terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Kebijakan UMKM Nuriza Snack dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas, Efisiensi, dan Pendapatannya
Authors: Fauzi Erika Gustian , Syaharni Dian Sabrina , Sirait Salsabillah
Published: December 2021

The company will be very dependent on proper management management. Productivity, efficiency, and income are characteristics of companies that can advance and develop every period.Various policies are also carried out to overcome existing problems or to prevent the occurrence of these problems.The company also began to identify business processes in order to manage each part in detail.In the current pandemic era, companies will continue to strive to minimize the occurrence of problems that can hamper productivity performance, efficiency and revenue.The existence of evaluation will also be the basis for determining every policy set, from which the company is expected to be able to carry out all kinds of policies consistently, so as to minimize the existence of problems.

Keywords: Management, Policy, Evaluation.
Osong, Value Transformation of Oral Tradition in Regional Language Learning of SMPN 1 Bulupoddo, Sinjai Regency
Authors: Hasyim Hardianti , Iswary Ery , Ilham Ilham , Saleh Firman
Published: December 2021

This study is a quantitative descriptive study that describes the ability to read blanks of eighth-grade students of SMPN 1 Bulupoddo, Sinjai Regency. Based on the presentation of the results of the data analysis above, it can be described in detail about the osong reading ability of the eighth-grade students of SMPN 1 Bulupoddo, Sinjai Regency. Students' test results in reading blanks are then analyzed based on predetermined criteria or assessment indicators, namely the pronunciation aspect with a score of 1 to 1, intonation aspect with a score of 1 to 3, gesture aspect with a score of 1 to 3, expression aspect with a score of 1 up to 3, the aspect of appreciation with a score of 1 to 3, the aspect of appearance with a score of 1 to 3. Of the six aspects of the assessment of reading blanks, the maximum score is 18. In the contents of elong osong itself, the theme contained in it is the figure of a Bugis human who is brave and does not stand still and becomes a coward towards the nation and homeland. The tones used are generally satirical and patronizing. The atmosphere or state of the reader's soul after reading or listening to the osong can be a booster or an incendiary. While the results of the current study emphasize the ability of students to read blanks. This is what distinguishes previous research from the results of the present study.

Keywords: Osong, Value Transformation, Learning, Regional Language, Sinjai
J. E. Tatengkeng and Robert Frost’s Poems: An Application of Michael Riffaterre’s Semiotic Model
Authors: Mokoginta Karmila , Ilmi Nur , Mahardhika Hartina
Published: December 2021

This paper describes the results of poem analysis using the semiotic model of Riffaterre. The objects of analysis were poems written by J.E Tatengkeng from Indonesia including Di Lereng Gunung, Bulan Terang, and Melati; and Robert Frost from America including Nothing Gold Can Stay, Fireflies in the Garden, and After Apple Picking. The analysis was conducted using two steps of reading. The first was the heuristic reading conducted by using linguistic knowledge; while the second was the retroactive reading conducted by using knowledge beyond the text. This second step was intended to conclude the hypograms, and based on the hypograms, matrices and significance of the poems were concluded. The analysis revealed the poems’ matrices and significance related to the value of love, beauty of nature, and religious belief.

Keywords: Riffaterre, J.E. Tatengkeng, Robert Frost.
A review on liposomal amphotericin b in antifungal therapy
Authors: A Tirupathi Reddy , Basu Venkateshwara Reddy , A Ganesh , D Asiya fathema , V Usha , M Sai Sandhya
Published: January 2022

To reduce the in-vivo toxicity of the broad-spectrum antifungal drug amphotericin B, various lipid formulations of amphotericin B, ranging from lipid complexes to small unilamellar liposomes, have been developed and subsequently commercialized. These structurally diverse formulations differ in their serum pharmacokinetics as well as their tissue localization, tissue retention, and toxicity. This difference can affect the choice of formulation for a given infection, the time of initiation of treatment, and the dosing regimen. Although preclinical studies have shown similarities in the in-vitro and in-vivo antifungal activity of the formulations with comparable dosing, their acute, and chronic toxicity. Profiles are not the same, and this has a significant impact on their therapeutic indices, especially in high-risk, immunosuppressed patients. With the recent introduction of new antifungal drugs to treat the increasing numbers of infected patients, the amphotericin B lipid formulations are now being studied to evaluate their potential in combinational drug regimens. With proven efficacy demonstrated during the past decade, it is expected that amphotericin B lipid formulations will remain an important part of antifungal drug therapy.
Ethanolic extract of ocimum kilimandscharicum linnleaves: phytochemical and in vitro pharmacological activity
Authors: N Yamini , S Lahari , V Phani deepthi
Published: January 2022

Using an in vitro model, the anti-thrombolytic efficacy of ethanolic extracts of Ocimum kilimandscharicum Linn was investigated. The researchers discovered that different concentrations of the extract had significant anti-thrombolytic activity in a dose-dependent manner , which was comparable to a standard drug. As a result of the presence of flavonoids and polyphenols in the plant extract, it can be concluded that it has a promising future in the treatment of thrombosis. This knowledge will be useful in the clinical development of thrombolytic therapeutics by identifying more potent anti-thrombolytic principles from natural resources..