bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical treatment of cholecystitis
Authors: Lysenko V. A. , Sitnikov V. A. , Ivanenkov A. A. , Pushkarev V. P. , Ivanov A. M. , Bryndin V. V.
Published: April 2022

According to domestic and foreign authors, the frequency of gallbladder diseases and surgical interventions for cholecystitis has increased markedly in recent years. Acute cholecystitis currently occupies the second place in urgent abdominal surgery after appendicitis, and in elderly and senile people it is more common. Despite the increase in the number of patients hospitalized as planned for surgical treatment from Therapeutic departments, the majority of patients continue to be admitted urgently with various diagnoses with acute cholecystitis, exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis, acute hematocholecystitis, cholecystopancreatitis and others. Surgeons are faced with the task of understanding this variety of diagnoses, establishing the true cause of suffering and choosing the most rational treatment tactics. For many years, surgeons have adhered to conservative and wait-and-see tactics in acute cholecystitis. Attempts to activate surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis, equate it with tactics for acute appendicitis led to high postoperative mortality (10-20%) and unsatisfactory long-term results [1-3]. This forced most surgeons to refuse to perform operations at the height of an attack of acute cholecystitis, to consider only the picture of peritonitis as an indication for an emergency operation.
Complex therapy of circulatory insufficiency with protein hydrolysates, retabolil and strofantin
Authors: A. A. A. , Leshchinsky L. A.
Published: April 2022

It has been experimentally established that an increase in the efficiency of cardiac glycosides can be achieved when they are combined with stimulators of protein synthesis and nucleic acids that can affect the processes of protein anabolism in the myocardium [3, 5, 6]. At the same time, stimulation of protein synthesis (proper anabolic effect) and blockade of protein breakdown (anti-catabolic effect) of anabolic steroids, apparently, can be enhanced by their combination with protein hydrolysates or mixtures of amino acids.
The effect of semipermeable membranes on the contact activation of blood clotting during programmed hemodialysis
Authors: Mukhametzyanov S. A. , Eltsephon B. S. , Popova L. G. , Gaponenko V. A. , Ruban T. P. , Vakhitova M. X. , Vengerova N. A.
Published: April 2022

Currently, hemodialysis is one of the effective methods of treatment of end-stage chronic renal failure (CRF). As is known, with this method of purification, the patient's blood comes into direct contact with a semipermeable membrane over a large area, through which nitrogenous slags are removed from the body. Despite the fact that in order to prevent blood clotting in the extracorporeal system, its heparinization is carried out, sometimes there is thrombosis of the dialyzer and its highways. A similar complication was observed by M. D. Javad-Zade and P. S. Malkov (1978) in 1% of cases, and I. S. Yarmolinsky and X. K. Chernevskis (1978) - in 2.5%. In this regard, all new membranes created for hemodialysis need to be studied by their interaction with blood.
Heredity in the development of mental disorders in cerebral atherosclerosis
Authors: Grigorievskikh V. S. , Sirotkin V. M.
Published: April 2022

Cerebral atherosclerosis is the main reason for exclusion from the social life of elderly people, and the occurrence of psychosis is most often the first signal of the "fatal course of cerebral vascular disease" [1]. In this regard, quantitative assessments of the role of unfavorable hereditary burden as a risk factor in the development of mental disorders in cerebral atherosclerosis are of importance.
Neurological disorders in open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Khamitova G. H. , Kuchnina T. M.
Published: April 2022

The combination of glaucoma with damage to the central nervous system is quite common [4, 11]. The genesis of violations of the hydrodynamics of the eye in such cases remained unclear for a long time. It was assumed that for the development of open-angle glaucoma, in addition to the presence of dysfunction of the higher autonomic centers [1, 2, 7, 9], the impact of other factors is also necessary. A number of authors [3, 5, 8, 10] have found that cervical osteochondrosis causes a cervically caused increase in intraocular pressure.
Morbidity with temporary disability in the Tatar ASSR
Authors: Nizamov I. G.
Published: April 2022

Morbidity with temporary disability is one of the important and highly informative criteria characterizing the health of workers, as well as the effectiveness of medical and recreational work. In our country, its accounting was introduced in 1925. Thanks to this, it became possible to specifically and rationally plan the entire range of relevant socio-economic measures. The almost 60-year history of the study of SVT shows that at present it has undergone significant structural changes, and the curve of the dynamics of the incidence rate over the years has numerous ups and downs, the causes of which are not always explicable. As it is known, the level of sound is extremely sensitive to the changing socio-economic living conditions of the population. Therefore, this problem goes far beyond healthcare and covers almost all spheres of people's life.
Dental medical examination of chemical production workers
Authors: Galiullin A. N.
Published: April 2022

As a result of a two-year study of the features of dental and periodontal lesions in mineral acid production workers and the provision of dental care to this contingent, a three-stage dental medical examination of chemical production workers has been developed.
Features of the treatment of deformities of the dentition and bite before prosthetics
Authors: Romanenko A. G. , Kovalenko T. I. , Almaev V. P.
Published: April 2022

Orthopedic offices of dental clinics are often visited by patients who, along with defects in the dentition, have deformations of the dentition and malocclusion. We differentiate dental anomalies and deformities, meaning by the first congenital and acquired at an early age deviations from the normal development of the dental system, and by the second acquired after the formation of a permanent bite; in everyday practice, such deformities are eliminated by prosthetics, while the design of the prosthesis is adapted to the existing bite [1, 5].
Experience in the treatment of pulpitis by vital extirpation
Authors: Ermolaeva V. M. , Sharafutdinova Z. G. , Gimadeeva R. V. , Shevchenko V. D.
Published: April 2022

It is known that devital methods of pulpitis treatment are often accompanied by complications and require repeated visits. In contrast, vital methods are usually feasible in one visit and allow avoiding the toxic effect of devitalizing drugs on the pericardial tissues.
Comprehensive clinical and radiological diagnostics of parietal chest formations
Authors: Volodina G. I. , Loginova A. Y. , Maksimov A. P.
Published: April 2022

Among the numerous diseases of the chest and chest cavity organs, a special place is occupied by pathological processes located near the chest wall or being a lesion of its individual parts (pleura, ribs, intercostal nerves, soft tissues). We are talking about such pathological processes as peripheral lung cancer, rib metastases, rib lymphogranulomatosis, inflammatory diseases and tumors of the ribs, as well as various genesis of muscle damage, intercostal nerves, subcutaneous tissue and skin of the chest wall. Differential diagnosis of these diseases is associated with significant difficulties, however, this issue has not been adequately covered in the literature.
X-ray diagnostics of peptic ulcers of the esophagus
Authors: Abdulkhakova D. I. , Laryukova E. K. , Abdulkhakova D. A.
Published: April 2022

Peptic ulcer of the esophagus, first described in the early twentieth century by Crovelier as a pathoanatomical finding, is still considered a rare pathology. Lifetime diagnosis of this disease is difficult, and there is an opinion that peptic ulcer of the esophagus is more common than diagnosed. In this regard, the analysis of clinical and radiological manifestations of peptic ulcers of the esophagus is of practical interest.
Circulating immune complexes in children with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Romanova N. A. , Alimova N. Z.
Published: April 2022

Immunopathological processes are leading in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. In recent years, considerable material has been accumulated confirming the role of circulating immune complexes in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis in adults. However, there are not enough works devoted to the study of circulating immune complexes in children, and their results are contradictory.
Clinic and treatment of sepsis in young children
Authors: Nadyrova G. G. , Nagimova F. I. , Podryadnov G. S.
Published: April 2022

Sepsis remains one of the main problems of infectious pathology of young children. A number of authors believe that it occurs more often in children in the first three months of life and proceeds mainly in the form of septicemia.
Mechanisms of changes in the oxygen transport function of erythrocytes in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease complicated by circulatory insufficiency
Authors: Lukyanov V. F. , Zakharova N. B. , Goncharova L. N. , Rubin V. I.
Published: April 2022

One of the early and characteristic reactions to hypoxia, including in patients with circulatory insufficiency, is an increase in the level of 2,3-diphospho-glycerate (2,3-DPH) of erythrocytes [4, 6, 10, 12], which is formed in the Rapoport - Lubering cycle and is an offshoot of glycolysis of erythrocytes. The features of the interaction of hemoglycolysis and the Rapoport Lubering cycle in patients with circulatory insufficiency have not been studied before. Knowledge of such features makes it possible to determine the degree of participation of erythrocytes in the development of hypoxia in patients at different stages of circulatory insufficiency.
The effectiveness of mebicar in chronic coronary heart disease
Authors: Kamburg R. A. , Valimukhametova D. A.
Published: April 2022

Modern pharmacotherapy of chronic coronary heart disease (HIBS) is based on the use of two main groups of drugs nitrates and beta-blockers. The effectiveness of other drugs in the complex treatment of this disease is being reviewed and constantly debated [1, 2]. The treatment of HIBS, combined with bradycardia, circulatory insufficiency, bronchospastic conditions, intolerance or contraindications to the use of nitrates and beta-blockers, is a great difficulty.
About complications of childbirth in patients with hypertension
Authors: Stolnikova I. I.
Published: April 2022

Of the complications, weakness of labor activity was more often detected: primary in the control group (2.9%) and in patients with hypertension (4.9%), secondary - in 1.7% and 5.3%, respectively. Premature detachment of the normally located placenta occurred in 1.4% of patients. Bleeding in the subsequent and early postpartum periods was also more often observed in patients with hypertension.
Rehabilitation of reproductive function after ovarian surgery
Authors: Kapelyushnik N. L. , Slepov M. I. , Minnibayeva P. M. , Katanova S. I.
Published: April 2022

Benign ovarian tumors occur mainly at a young age. Their timely removal serves as an effective prevention of ovarian cancer. There are few works devoted to the study of the reproductive function of women after conservative ovarian surgery. Research by N. I. Egorova (1966) suggests that the removal of one ovary is not indifferent to a woman's body, it can cause disorders of neuroendocrine regulation with violation of menstrual and reproductive functions. Other authors also point to the need for maximum conservatism in ovarian surgery for benign tumors and tumor-like formations in women of reproductive age [2, 3].
Operative correction of congenital hip dislocation in children
Authors: Abakarov A. A.
Published: April 2022

The main pathogenetic link in congenital hip dislocation is dysplasia of all elements of the hip joint [1, 2]. Many methods of surgical treatment of patients with this pathology have been proposed. The development and implementation of gentle operations in the clinic with the preservation of acetabulum cartilage, the elimination of compression in the joint significantly improved the results of treatment. However, the percentage of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head remains high [3, 4].
Comparative evaluation of methods of treatment of diaphyseal fractures of the lower leg bones
Authors: Strizhakov N. V. , Ovsyannikov V. A. , Kudryashov V. A.
Published: April 2022

For 5 years, 195 patients (146 men, 49 women) with diaphyseal fractures of the lower leg bones were treated in the traumatology department. There were 60 open fractures and 135 closed fractures. 155 (79.5%) patients were of working age (20-60 years).
Ecological situation in the section of the volga between the settlements vasilyevo and arakchino of the Tatarstan republic
Authors: Ayupov A. S. , Boyko V. A. , Grigoryan B. R. , Salakhutdinov A. N. , Fedoseev O. N. , Golubeva I. D. , Shpak T. L. , Abashev V. A. , Ovcharkina M. G.
Published: April 2022

The complex research of ecological situation near the automobile bridge across the Volga river showed the serious ecological tension after the solid dam construction. The negative tendencies will progress without corresponding measures. The economical damage as the result of biological resources lost will be about 280 mln. rubles (according to 1991 year data).
Influence of heavy metals on the immune system and development of atopic eczema in children
Authors: Bulatova I. V. , Khakimova A. M. , Tsibulkina V. I. , Agafonova E. V. , Ivanov V. T.
Published: April 2022

Redundant serum essential heavy metals in children with atopic eczema, bacterial infections and burdened heredity is due to influence of surrounding contaminations as well as expressed disbalance of zinc, copper and iron. Redundancy of studied heavy metals leads to injury of immune system. Severity of the atopic eczema and bacterial diseases is considerably determined by expression of disbalance.
Severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in a pregnant woman
Authors: Shutova S. D. , Shutov A. M. , Nenasheva G. G. , Shutova L. A. , Kuznetsova L. V.
Published: April 2022

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a disease of viral etiology, which is based on the defeat of small vessels with the development of DIC syndrome. The severity of the condition and the outcome of severe HFRS are determined by acute renal failure (ARF). Cases of eclampsia with HFRS, which are not associated with hemodialysis, are described, during which, as is known, the appearance of seizures is possible due to the development of an imbalance syndrome. In the period of oligoanuria and polyuria with HFRS, there is an increase in peripheral vascular resistance with normal or reduced BCC with the formation of arterial hypertension in some cases. Changes in central hemodynamics in HFRS are close to those in preeclampsia and eclampsia of pregnant women. In addition, coagulopathy is characteristic of HFRS and late gestosis.
On the choice of a test method for phenylketonuria, adequate to the conditions of transport and postal messages
Authors: Sergeeva N. A.
Published: April 2022

In our country, several types of blood screening of newborns are used to detect hyperphenylalaninemia: bacteriological, fluorometric, chromatographic. Screening of blood of newborns for the detection of phenylketonuria (PKU) fluorometrically has been carried out in the Republic of Tatarstan since 1993. During this year, 12774 newborns were examined, for the next 1994-1995 and one patient was identified. Of the 32719 tests for two years, there were 3 false-positive results, false-negative - it is not yet known, cases of hyperphenylalaninemia - 2.
Dynamics of the ST segment in inferior and widespread posterior myocardial infarction according to electrocardiotopography
Authors: Miloslavskaya T. Ya. , Andreichev N. A.
Published: April 2022

The use of multi pie leades significantly increases the possibilities of the electrocardiotopograpliic method in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction and makes it possible to determine more exactly localization and lesion size. The electrical heart field was studied by the R.Z. Amirov electrocardiotopography method using registration of 104 monopolar leads along the chest surface in patients with inferior and spread posterior myocardial infarction. Correlation of the dynamics of the ST segment with the dynamics of indices of the electrocardiotopogram QRS complex is revealed. A series of new diagnostic criteria of estimating the lesion zone making it possible to predict favourable and unfavourable organization of the necrosis zone is suggested.
Method of videothoracoscopic parasternal lymphadenectomy in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Segal E. I. , Khamidullin R. G. , Nagumanov E. V. , Gubaidullin H M.
Published: April 2022

The videothoracoscopic parasternal lymphadenectomia method is developed. The adequacy of the removed tissue volume in the videothoracoscopic parasternal lymphadenectomia method is proved during the previously performed experiment on the corpses. Up to 1998 the authors performed 120 videothoracoscopic paracternal lymphadenectomias in patients aged 27 to 73. The manifestation of the pain syndrome, the amount of injected narcotic analgetics, the hospitalization terms of patients, the number of intra- and postoperative complications, the results of cardiointervalography and pneumotachometry after the videothoracoscopic parasternal lymphadenectomia proved to be better than after similar interventions performed by the traditional (open) method preserving the removed tissue volume. The videothoracoscopic parasternal lymphadenectomia is a highly effective minimally thraumatic method in the diagnosis and treatment of the parasternal collector damaged by metastases which in the surgical treatment of the breast cancer of the central and medial localizations can be recommended as a choice method.
Prediction and prevention of hestosis complications of pregnants
Authors: Melnikov V. A.
Published: April 2022

As many as 238 women are examined during pregnancy using the blind screening method. The blood circulation indices in vascular regions of the brain, chest, abdominal cavity and lower extremities are studied in active orthostasis and in position on the side. The peculiarities of adaptation of the cardiovascular system in active orthostasis in pregnants with the incomplicated course of hestation and deviation from it in pregnants with developed hestosis are revealed in the first half of pregnancy. The clinical picture of hestosis complications depended on the manifestation of regional blood circulation disorders. The suggeste treatment made it possible to decrease the rate of hestosis complications by 38,7%.
On the issue of surgical tactics in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Ivachev A. S.
Published: April 2022

Dissatisfaction with the final results of treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis prompts the search for new methods of diagnosis and therapy of this disease. Having experience in surgical treatment of 201 patients with various forms of pancreatic necrosis, we came to the conclusion that the classification should reflect the state of the parapancreatic cellular space. This is due to the following points. First, an extensive purulent-necrotic lesion of the retroperitoneal tissue is considered one of the main reasons for the development of the syndrome of endogenous intoxication, leading to plurivisceral syndrome, which in some cases is fatal. Secondly, the widespread inflammatory infiltrate of the parapancreatic space can have a favorable (resorption) and unfavorable (abscess formation) course, which requires the doctor to carry out timely diagnostic measures to verify the complications of the postoperative period. Thirdly, a purulent or infiltrative (in the form of a dense infiltrate) lesion can determine the volume of surgical intervention.
Combined therapy of Helicobacter-associated intestinal dysbiosis
Authors: Lazarenko O. G. , Bashirova D. K.
Published: April 2022

Normal gut microflora plays an important role in maintaining the host's health at an optimal level. Violation of its qualitative and quantitative composition, due to various exogenous causes, is usually defined as intestinal dysbiosis (DC).
То the problem of organization of the dermatological service to rural population in tatarstan Republic
Authors: Abdrakhmanov R. M.
Published: April 2022

The organization structure of dermatological service to rural population in Tatarstan Republic is given. The registered morbidity rate in rural areas is 2.1 trimes lower than among people living in towns. One of the reasons is unavailability of specialized dermatological aid. The part of diseases remains unregistered, but this does not reflect the level of disease incidence. The introduction of early preclinical diagnosis methods of the industrial skin diseases at the premedical level that will make it possible to decrease dermatosis incidence in rural areas, is suggested.
Public health: Role and place in the modern health care system
Authors: Vakhitov Sh. M.
Published: April 2022

Public health has been around for a long time. Suffice it to recall one of the oldest government agencies in the United States - the Public Health Service, which emerged back in 1798 [4]. Public health at different times and in different countries meant different structures - from those responsible for monitoring the sanitary and epidemiological state of society to ministries responsible for organizing medical care and public health.
Prerequisites for the use of dimephosphone for the treatment of erosive and ulcerative diseases of the gastroduodenal zone
Authors: Tsybulkina V. N. , Novozhilova A. A.
Published: April 2022

The therapeutic activity of dimephosphone in erosive and ulcerous processes in gastroduodenal zone is revealed by the experiments on 34 rats and observations of 148 patients. The increase of the medicinal effect of therapy with dimephosphone is determined, in particular, by suppression of the HC1 production by means of parietal cells of the stomach owing to inhibition of the calcium dependent discharge of endogenic histamine out of enterochromaffin like cells
Clinical and pathophysiological aspects of disseminated intravascular coagulation
Authors: Litvinov R. I.
Published: April 2022

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complex process, the course and outcome of which is determined by triggering mechanisms, the reactivity of the body and a number of related conditions. As a result of these interactions, the clinical and laboratory manifestations of DIC vary greatly, making it difficult to diagnose and correct it. With DIC, there are no standard, especially pathognomonic, clinical symptoms, there are no generally accepted laboratory diagnostic criteria, as well as specific therapy. The development of methods for treating DIC and assessing their effectiveness is hampered by the fact that, firstly, the outcome of DIC depends more on its immediate cause than on treatment; secondly, the usually recommended therapeutic effects (heparin therapy, infusion of antithrombin III concentrates, protein C, etc.) have never been the subject of objective randomized follow-up studies, with the exception, perhaps, of the use of antithrombin III drugs [4]. Undoubtedly, advances in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of DIC directly depend on the depth of understanding of its pathogenetic mechanisms that unfold at the molecular and cellular levels. Modern ideas about the pathogenesis of DIC syndrome are, in one way or another, a development of the idea of ​​continuous intravascular coagulation [5], which under some conditions from latent physiological becomes massive pathological with distinct clinical and laboratory manifestations [1, 2, 7].
Polysynaptic reflex complexes in clinical neurology
Authors: Ivanichev G. A. , Starosel'tseva N. G. , Gainutdinov A. R. , Esin R. G. , Mindubaeva L. Zh. , Safiullina G. I.
Published: April 2022

The results of the study of spinobulbospinal reflex during 25 years in healthy people and in various nervous system diseases with affection of afferent and efferent systems, subcortical formations of brain and muscles (facial muscle contracture, miofascial pain syndrome) are given. It is shown that the inconstancy of many reflex characteristics (latency, amplitude, response duration, manifestation) is its basic property in normal conditions. In central nervous system pathology the stabilization of the m entioned parameters comes showing disorder of the program of formation and performance of motion.
Preparation and study of polycomplex matrix systems containing ibuprofen
Authors: Mustafin R. I. , Vasilyeva E. A.
Published: April 2022

The solution to the problem of creating microencapsulated drugs (MP) with prolonged action is the search for polymer excipients with film-forming properties that ensure long-term maintenance of the therapeutic level of drug concentration in the blood and meet the requirements of pharmaceutical technology. Interpolymer complexes (IPCs) are of considerable interest, the structural features and properties of which allow them to be used as polymer carriers in the technology of microencapsulated and tableted preparations [1-4].
Methods for modeling in vitro percutaneous absorption of drugs from local dosage forms
Authors: Egorova S. N.
Published: April 2022

Transdermal absorption of medicinal substances (LP) proceeds as a two-stage process, consisting of penetration of drugs from dosage forms (LF) into the skin and absorption itself [4]. In biopharmaceutical studies, when choosing the optimal composition of dermal DF and studying the role of pharmaceutical factors affecting the release of drugs from LF, dialysis methods (equilibrium and flow) are widely used, designed to simulate both stages of transdermal absorption. A number of requirements are imposed on model membranes, which are a diffusion barrier: they must have an insignificant thickness and a small internal volume so that the amount of LS remaining in it is minimal; be sufficiently resistant to mechanical stress so that during the experiment its integrity is not violated; should provide a correlation between the results of experiments in vivo and in vitro [5, 6, 10].
Hygienic characteristics and rationalization of the nutritional status of railway workers
Authors: Zhilyaev N. S. , Novikov Yu. V. , Istomin A. V. , Artamonov S. V.
Published: April 2022

The labour conditions, actual alimentation and biochemical indicators of the health state of workers repairing railway tracks are studied. The revealed peculiarities of the alimentary status are the basis for developing the hygienic recommendations on alimentation optimization, their health improvement.
Prevalence and prevention system of congenital malformations in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Shaikhutdinova L. N.
Published: April 2022

The prevalence of congenital developmental defects among children in Tatarstan Republic and its dynamics for the last five years are studied. Their role in mortinatality structure, infant mortality is analyzed. The program of preventing congenital defects by creating the prenatal diagnosis service including the US screening of pregnants, medicogenetic consultation, invasive methods of prenatal diagnosis is suggested. The introduction of the current monitoring of congenital developmentale defects is necessary to control the efficiency of the suggested prevention measures.
Criteria for the functional state of the intestine and endotoxicosis in total intestinal intubation
Authors: Shaimardanov R. Sh. , Malkov I. S. , Biryaltsev V. N. , Khalilov H. M. , Talalin L. A. , Saetgaraev A. K. , Sharafislamov I. F.
Published: April 2022

It is established that intestinal debitomanometry reflects the state of motor and evacuational function of the intestine and can be used as a criterion of the intestinal intubation duration. The ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity makes it possible to estimate the morphologic and functional state of the intestinal wall in patients with diffuse peritonitis. In this case the intoxication index makes it possible to control and correct the detoxication therapy. The study was carried out in 38 patients aged 4264 operated for the diffuse peritonitis. The control group consisted of 30 patients operated for the pancreatobiliar zone pathology.
V All-Russian Conference “Thrombuses, hemorrhages, DIC. Treatment problems”
Authors: Minullina I. R.
Published: April 2022

The conference was opened with lectures by S.M. Strukova (Moscow) Platelet-vascular hemostasis and D.M. Zubairova (Kazan) Initiation of blood coagulation.
Health of the population of the Republic of Tatarstan on the threshold of the third millennium
Authors: Konovalov O. E.
Published: April 2022

Negative changes in public health indicators, which began long before the reforms of the 1990s, have become especially pronounced in recent years. Modern conditions are characterized by pronounced regional differences in indicators of health and the development of medical care for the population, due to the level of adaptation of the economy and the social sphere of specific territories. In this regard, it is important to study the regional patterns of the formation of public health and the problems of providing medical care.
Place of palliative operations in the treatment of patients with tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Mirolubov L. M. , Petrushenko D. Yu. , Zakharov A. A. , Kalinicheva Yu. B. , Sabirov D. R. , Arzin D. N. , Singatullin M. G. , Biktasheva L. Z. , Khamidullin A. F.
Published: April 2022

As many as 42 children with the Fallots tetrad aged 3 months to 9 years, 32 (78%) children up to 3 yeaes were examined and operated in the cardiac surgery department of the Children Medical Center of Kazan from 1995 to 1998. The palliative operations were performed in 30 patients. The radical correction of the Fallots tetrad was performed in 17 patients, it was repeated in 5 children in terms from 1 to 3 years after the previously performed palliative operations. Mortality was not high. In various age groups the differentiated approach taking into account the initial state gravity makes it possible to obtain good result? in the treatment of one of the most dangerous congenital heart diseases. Urgent palliative operations make it possible to save life of patients of early age and to prepare them for radical operations.
On the health of preschool children born prematurely
Authors: Albitsky V. Yu. , Mendelevich V. D. , Galiyeva S. Kh.
Published: April 2022

The combined clinical social examination of 118 children prematurely bom of the III degree is earned out. As many as 118 children bom at full tenns, selected as case-control (by sex, age) are examined for comparison. The preschool aged children prematurely born children had higher morbidity level according to taking medical advice, examination data including psychic behaviour disorders and insufficient physical development. The obtained results should be taken into account in clinical examination of such children.
Influence on the process of glycation of serum albumin of synthetic antidiabetic agents
Authors: Kulagin O. L.
Published: April 2022

Synthetic antidiabetic agents (glyphormin, glyclaside, glycvidone, glybenclamide) in incubation of high concentrations of glucose with human serum albumin in experiments in vitro can diminish glycation process. In mild glycation regime the effect of agents becomes more prolonged and pronounced. The protein glycation leved in constant glucose concentration in rats with alloxan induced diabetes decreases while injecting them with glyphormin, glycvidone and and glybenclamide during a month
Apoptosis: characteristics, methods of study and its role in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases
Authors: Boychuk S. V. , Mustafin I. G. , Fassakhov R. S.
Published: April 2022

There are two forms of cell death - necrosis and apoptosis. Necrosis is the death of cells under the influence of damaging agents external to the cell and inadequate environmental conditions (pH changes, mechanical influences, temperature changes, exposure to factors that damage the cell membrane, etc.). Necrosis is manifested in the swelling of the cell, accompanied by a rupture of the membranes due to an increase in their permeability and the release of the contents of the cell into the environment. Cell death due to necrosis is observed, in particular, in inflammatory reactions.
Diagnostic aspects of primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Pecherskaya G. A. , Ishenin Yu. M.
Published: April 2022

In recent years, there has been a revision of the concept of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), which, according to available data, is the third most common endocrine disease.
Visceral leishmaniasis in Kazan
Authors: Khaertynov H. S. , Abilmagzhanova L. M. , Avdeeva N. N.
Published: April 2022

In Tatarstan, cases of infections that did not occur before began to be noted. One of them is leishmaniasis, a protozoal vector-borne infection caused by intracellular parasites of the genus Leishmania transmitted by mosquitoes. With this type of infection, mainly the internal organs (visceral form) or the skin and mucous membranes (cutaneous form) are affected. In the CIS, it is registered in the countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus. In Kazan, over the past 2 years, 2 cases of visceral leishmaniasis were detected, imported from Georgia and Tajikistan. In both cases, the patients were children: in the first, the Mediterranean-Central Asian variant was diagnosed, in the second, the Indian variant.
Radiation diagnostic centers in the healthcare system
Authors: Bakirov R. S. , Yarullin A. Kh. , Zaripov R. A.
Published: April 2022

The decrease of the number of patients from 15,3 to 7,8% with the first revealed pathology late in the course of the disease without essential treatment effect and their growth from 36,5% to 46,5% with early diagnosis and steady positive treatment results are due to the organization in 1995 of the diagnostic centers in Tatarstan Republic. The positive results obtained show the high treatment efficiency, medical, social and economic profitability of diagnostic centers as one of the important subsystems of health protection.
LXXV years of the Kazan Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors
Authors: Mikhailov M. K. , Nizamov I. G.
Published: April 2022

In solving the most important problems of protecting and strengthening the health of the population, postgraduate training of doctors plays an important role, which completes the process of the final formation of a specialist doctor. The main structures in the country that provide postgraduate training for doctors are state institutes and faculties for the improvement of doctors of medical universities, among which one of the leading places belongs to the Kazan GIDUV.
Pathogenetic basis for the paravertebral novocainic block effect
Authors: Ibatullin I. A. , Tarasco A. D.
Published: April 2022

In the course of experimental investigations as well as during the use of the paravertebral block in the combined therapy of patients it was established that the redistribution of the regional blood flow, the increase of the minute volume of blood in the system or in the affected organ, and the recovery of the microcirculation conditions, along with the changes of vegetative centers excitability are the pathogenetic basis for the paravertebral block effect. In the end this positive dynamics manifests itself in antiedematic and antiinflammatory effects of the paravertebral block as well as, probably, in the stimulation of reparation of tissue properties.
Modern approach to the diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma
Authors: Fassakhov R. S.
Published: April 2022

Despite significant advances in diagnosis, as well as in the development and introduction into clinical practice of a wide range of new pharmacological drugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma, the incidence and mortality from this common lung pathology has been steadily increasing in recent decades. In developed countries, bronchial asthma affects up to 6% of the population; recent epidemiological studies conducted in Moscow revealed a comparable incidence rate [1].
To the problem of perinatal neuroradiology
Authors: Mikhailov M. K. , Akberov R. F. , Fattakhov V. V.
Published: April 2022

In the classification of childhood traumatism, birth traumatism is especially distinguished, which, according to the literature, ranges from 3 to 2030% [10]. The proportion of birth injuries of the spine, spinal cord, and vertebral arteries is high [4, 5]. They are the cause of death of 10-33% of all dead newborns. It has been proven that during childbirth, the maximum mechanical and manipulation load falls on the cervical spine, spinal cord, and vertebral arteries passing in the narrow canals of the transverse processes [5].
Diagnosis and treatment of dysfunctions of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Nasibullin G. G. , Zizevskiy S. A.
Published: April 2022

Diseases of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with functional disorders occupy a special place in the practice of orthopedic dentistry due to the complex clinic, morphology and function. Unlike other joints, the TMJ is devoid of the hyaline cover of the articular surfaces. The free capsule and the presence of ligaments allow the heads to perform various movements on different floors of the joint divided by the meniscus: sliding-translational in the upper section and articulated in the lower section. With some physiological movements, for example, when the mouth is opened wide, the articular heads come out of the articular fossae, resembling a dislocation on radiographs, which is actually a physiological subluxation.
Nosocomial staphylococcal infections and measures for their prevention
Authors: Grigoriev V. E.
Published: April 2022

In modern conditions, the problem of purulent-inflammatory diseases (PID) caused by opportunistic microorganisms is one of the most urgent in medical science and healthcare practice due to their wide distribution in medical institutions (HCIs) of any profile. The increasing importance of nosocomial infections in various countries is evidenced by the work of domestic and foreign authors. Thus, in different regions of the world, nosocomial HL are found in 517% of hospitalized patients [3]. In our country, they are especially often observed in obstetric and surgical departments, where their localized forms are a common cause of sepsis [2, 4].
Professor Tatyana Borisovna Tolpegina. Volume 76, No. 2 (1995)
Authors: Rakhmatullin I. M. , Tsibulkin A. P. , Nefedov V. P.
Published: April 2022

December 25, 1994 marked the 70th anniversary of birth and 47 years of scientific, pedagogical and social activities of a prominent representative of the Kazan pathophysiological school, Honored Scientist of Tatarstan, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Tatyana Borisovna Tolpegina. After graduating from the Kazan Medical Institute in 1947, T. B. Tolpegina completed her postgraduate studies at the Department of Pathological Physiology under prof. A. D. Ado and in 1952 defended her thesis on the topic "On the pathogenesis of bradycardia in typhoid fever." From 1954 to 1956, she was sent by the Ministry of Health of the USSR to work at the Mongolian University as the head of the Department of Physiology. The subsequent years of work as an assistant and associate professor at the Department of Pathophysiology of the Kazan Medical Institute ended in 1967 with the defense of a doctoral dissertation on the topic Some mechanisms of an allergic reaction of the gallbladder.
Primary lung cancer in young patients
Authors: Vorontsov A. Yu. , Terentiev I. G. , Ozherelyev A. S. , Pavlunin A. V.
Published: April 2022

The peculiarities in the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment results of young patients with lung cancer are revealed. In patients of the given age group the low-and nondifferentiated cancer forms prevail distinguishing them from patients of other age groups. The nonsatisfactory results of the surgical treatment of the lung cancer in young patients made to us use the combined treatment with extended surgery which caused improvement in remote results.
Computed tomography, angiographic and scintigraphic semiotics of diseases of the kidneys and adrenal glands
Authors: Kamalov I. I. , Korobov V. V. , Rumyantsev S. L. , Akhunzyanov A. A. , Kamalova L. I.
Published: April 2022

The computer tomographic, angiographic and scintigraphic examination of patients with renal and adrenal tumprs is performed and their semiotics is covered comprehensively. The computer tomographic densitometry makes it possible to perform the differential diagnosis of the cystic formations of kidneys. The characteristic of secondary lesions of kidneys in metastatic speading or malignant tumor growth from other organs is given. The computer tomographic, angiographic and scintigraphic examinations in revealing the diseases of kidneys, adrenal glands and ureters have high resolution. The angiography is used on its own or as a significant addition to the computer tomography in evaluation of patients with renal and adrenal diseases.
Social Stigma and Meaningful Activity in Incarcerated Individuals
Authors:   , Zapotocky Heidi Jane , Heilbrun Kirk
Published: April 2022

The United States historically overutilizes incarceration in response to crime, in an effort to improve community safety, satisfy specific and general deterrence, and to achieve personal or societal retribution. Another primary goal of incarceration is rehabilitation, which should help justice-involved individuals develop important skills relevant to reentry and avoiding future offending. Although previous research has identified social stigma as an additional barrier to community reintegration, there has been relatively little research on ways to reduce the general public's ostracizing views of reentering populations. The present study surveyed the general public (N=1,697) to appraise their perceptions of incarcerated individuals who will reenter the community. The results reveal that when incarcerated individuals engage in rehabilitative programs, this may improve community members' acceptance of them when they return to the community. Additionally, individuals who engage in a more severe offense may face heightened stigma and community rejection. This study suggests that participating in rehabilitative programs may improve community members' comfort interacting with a justice-involved individual regardless of the severity of their offense. These results suggest that social stigma directed towards reentering populations is not monolithic, thereby emphasizing the importance of providing rehabilitative opportunities, and evaluating the scope and quality of such programs. Furthermore, this study reveals that public concerns about incarcerated individuals involving fear that they will continue to offend may underlie assumptions that all individuals with a criminal record are dangerous, and in turn deserve punishment post incarceration. These findings underscore the importance of rehabilitative activities for incarcerated individuals in their potentially favorable impact on public perceptions, as they may help to dispel community discomfort with reentering individuals and make the already-challenging task of returning to the community somewhat less discouraging.
Femur boyun kırığı nedeniyle hemiartroplasti yapılan hastalarda Dorr tipinin klinik sonuçlara ve perioperatif komplikasyonlara etkisi
Authors: EKEN Gökay
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Femur boyun kırıkları, özellikle ileri yaş grubunda dünya çapında epidemik olarak tanımlanmakta ve toplum sağlığı açısından önemli bir risk oluşturmaktadır. Hemiartroplasti uygulanan yaşlı femur boyun kırıklarında Dorr tipine göre proksimal femur anatomisindeki farklılıkların perioperatif komplikasyonlara ve fonksiyonel sonuçlara etkisi henüz tam olarak ortaya konulmamıştır. Çalışmamızda, femur boyun kırığı nedeniyle çimentosuz hemiartroplasti uygulanan hastalarda proksimal femur anatomisinin klinik sonuçlara etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.

Yöntem: Femur boyun kırığı nedeni ile çimentosuz hemiartroplasti yapılmış olan 65 yaş üzeri 107 hastaya röntgen görüntüleri incelenerek Dorr sınıflaması yapıldı ve bu sınıflandırmaya göre hastalar A, B ve C tipi olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Demografik veriler, ameliyat süreleri, ameliyat sırası kan kaybı, ameliyat sonrası kan transfüzyon miktarları, komplikasyonları, yoğun bakım ihtiyaçları, 1 yıllık mortalite oranları, ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası radyografik bulguları incelendi. Klinik sonuçlar için son kontrollerindeki Harris Kalça Skoru (HKS) ve Likert ağrı skalaları hesaplandı.

Bulgular: Hastaların 11’inde (%10.3) Dorr tip A, 32’sinde (%29.9) Dorr tip B, 64’ünde (%59.8) Dorr tip C saptandı. Ortalama yaş 79,7 ve tip C olan hastalarda anlamlı olarak yüksek saptandı (p
Efectos del ejercicio físico sobre la calidad de vida en personas mayores. Revisión de la literatura
Authors: Verdugo Carrasco Claudio , Pizarro Mena Rafael
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de esta revisión fue determinar cuál es la dosis óptima necesaria de ejercicio físico que debe realizar una persona mayor para generar efectos en la Calidad de Vida. Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos electrónicas entre 2015-2020. Como resultado, 9 de 33 artículos cumplieron con criterios de inclusión. La prescripción de ejercicio físico más utilizada en términos de FITT o FITT-VP fue: tipo, fuerza muscular a intensidad moderada a intensa, y/o ejercicio físico aeróbico a intensidad moderada; tiempo de sesión de 60 minutos; frecuencia 3 veces por semana; y tiempo de intervención mínimo 3 meses. En cuanto al volumen y progresión, la información fue limitada y justifica más estudios. Los efectos del ejercicio físico sobre la Calidad de Vida de las personas mayores se producirán cuando exista una programación basada como mínimo según FITT, se consideren los objetivos de la persona mayor, y la práctica sea regular.
Estudio de caso control en amenaza de parto pretermino y sus factores de riesgo en gestantes en un hospital de referencia del Peru durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Martínez Ramos Alfredo Jhonatan , Virú Flores Horus , Quezada Juan Carlos Roque , Alburqueque Melgarejo Joseph , Saldaña Diaz Claudia Veralucia
Published: April 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la relación entre la amenaza de parto pretermino y sus factores de riesgo en gestantes atendidas en un hospital de referencia del Perú durante la pandemia covid-19, con énfasis en la infección de tracto urinario. Se realizó un diseño de tipo casos y controles no emparejado, con una muestra representativa, con un tamaño muestral de 92 casos y 92 controles por muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple, se realizó un modelo de regresión logística para la infección de tracto urinario y la amenaza de parto pretermino para el cálculo del Odds Ratio e intervalos de confianza al 95%. Se reportó una asociación para la amenaza de parto pretermino con las variables gestante añosa 3.159 (IC95% 1.66 - 6.02), menos de seis controles prenatales 3.9 (IC95% 2.084 - 7.298), paridad 0.353 (IC95% 0.180 - 0.691), antecedente de parto pretermino 2.843 (IC95% 1.253 - 5.639) e infección de tracto urinario 2.843 (IC95% 1.253 - 5.639). Se concluye que la infección de tracto urinario se asocia a la amenaza de parto pretermino en gestantes atendidas en un hospital de referencia peruano.