bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UN English-Language Discourse: Peculiarities and Applications in Describing the World Order
Authors: Britsyna N.
Published: September 2024

This research paper is set in the context of growing interest in globalization and its effects on contemporary English-language discourse. The focus on discourse in the United Nations can be explained by the pivotal role of this organization in identifying, shaping and spreading global trends. The underlying assumption is that conceptual, cognitive and semantic analyses of the UN English-language discourse enable a deeper understanding of the western worldview, which expands into other types of discourse with a broad audience (the media, education, etc.). The application of the conceptual metaphor theory allowed us not only to identify a conceptual level of the concepts used, but also to more comprehensively explore the image and value levels of these concepts in order to identify the various cognitive-linguistic tools that are used to construct a model of the world order and assess modern reality. The study showed that language behaviour can be described through the dichotomy of “unification – segmentation.” On the one hand, reality is represented as a “family” field of life (based on the conceptual metaphor THE WORLD IS A FAMILY) with inherent family values and obligations. On the other hand, the world is subject to explicit categorization through the conceptual opposition of FRIEND vs. FOE and the conceptual and metaphorical model of “The fairy tale of the just war.” Mechanisms of linguistic hierarchization of participants’ relations are also revealed with the help of conceptual metaphors RELATIONS AMONG STATES ARE PARENT–CHILD RELATIONS and THE LEADER STATE IS A NURTURANT PARENT. The results of the study may be useful for further research on contemporary English-language discourse in a cognitive-pragmatic way, with the possibility of using the identified conceptual metaphors to detect speech tactics and strategies, as well as for comparative analysis of the constructed English-language world view with language models represented by other official UN languages: Russian, French, Spanish, Chinese and Arabic.

Transl.: Britsyna N. M. 2022. UN English-Language Discourse: Pecularities and Applications in Describing the World Order. Linguistics & Polyglot Studies. 8(3). P. 70–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-3-32-70-81
Old Believers in Brazil: Preserving Linguistic Identity
Authors: Petrova G.
Published: September 2024

This article presents a study of the history of Russian Old Believers’ emigration to Brazil. As such, it analyses the reasons that allowed them to maintain their linguistic identity, and identifies the features of the dialect of the Russian language of the Old Believers living in Latin America and in Brazil in particular. Old Believers moved to Brazil after centuries of oppression, first leaving Central Russia for the East of the country, Siberia and Primorye, and then, after the 1917 Revolution, many of them moved to Harbin (China). After the 1949 Revolution in China, they turned to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, who sent them to the United States, Canada, Australia and Brazil. Brazil was the first country to grant them visas. The main wave of migration of Old Believers to Brazil took place in 1957–1958, that is, after the policy of nationalization of the New State carried out in 1937–1945 by President Getúlio Vargas, whose goal was to turn all immigrants into Brazilian citizens by banning their native language in both official and everyday communication. Thus, the Old Believers managed to fully preserve their religious, cultural and linguistic identity due to the hermetic nature of their communities and the preservation of their traditional way of life. The dialect of the Old Believers of Brazil retains the typical features of the Nizhny Novgorod dialect of the nineteenth century, in which archaic linguistic features and semantic shifts in the meaning of words were preserved. However, it also contains lexical innovations denoting new concepts of modern life, Spanish and Portuguese borrowings and their adaptation. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, several Old Believer families decided to return to Russia under the State Programme to Assist the Voluntary Resettlement to Russia of Compatriots Living Abroad. Specifically, they returned to Primorye, thus completing their round-the-world trip.
Variability of ultrasound indicators of retrobulbar blood flow in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Fomina S. V. , Samoylova Yu. G. , Koshmeleva M. V. , Zavadovskaya V. D. , Trifonova E. I. , Kachanov D. A. , Zorkaltsev M. A. , Yun V. Е.
Published: September 2024

Early diagnosis of eye blood supply disorders in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood is an urgent task.

Determination of ultrasound changes in the hemodynamics of retrobulbar vessels under the influence of risk factors will have a beneficial effect on the dynamic monitoring of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose of the study:to evaluate the variability of ultrasound indicators of retrobulbar blood flow in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence, depending on the duration of the disease, indicators of lipid metabolism and the level of glycated hemoglobin.

Material and methods.The study included data from 186 children aged 5–17 years, of which 148 had type 1 diabetes and 38 children in the control group. The analysis took into account the duration of type 1 diabetes mellitus, laboratory, ultrasound indicators and ophthalmological examination data.

Results.The results of the study confirm the presence of changes in the hemodynamics of retrobulbar vessels in type 1 diabetes mellitus in children in response to the influence of risk factors, and create conditions for the use of ultrasound studies in the assessment of disorders of the blood supply to the eye.
ÍNDICES QUANTITATIVO E QUALITATIVO NA AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DO SOLO CULTIVADO COM CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR
Authors: Cardoso Denise Campos , Klinke Neto Gustavo , Oliveira Anna Hoffmann
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Investigar dois índices de qualidade do solo (IQS) em solos cultivados com cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.), com o intuito de analisar possíveis correspondências e impactos do sistema de manejo.
Referencial Teórico: A sustentabilidade do solo frente aos diferentes usos e manejos pode ser monitorada através da análise da qualidade do solo, desde que os indicadores selecionados sejam capazes de refletir o funcionamento edáfico.
Método: Considerando as classes Latossolo Vermelho (LV), Nitossolo Vermelho (NV) e Argissolo Vermelho (PV), e a mata nativa como referencial de equilíbrio, foram analisados: IQS1 (indicadores quantitativos): matéria orgânica, CTC, fósforo, potássio, saturação por alumínio, pH, textura e condutividade hidráulica; e IQS2 (indicadores qualitativos): cor, estrutura, consistência, presença de raízes e canais biológicos.
 Resultados e Discussão: O maior e o menor IQS1 foram verificados em LV sob cana-de-açúcar. Para o IQS2, a menor pontuação ocorreu em NV sob cana-de-açúcar. A mata nativa sob NV alcançou o segundo melhor IQS1 e o maior índice para o IQS2. Os indicadores obtidos por análises laboratoriais (IQS1) podem trazer maior embasamento para os resultados do índice, contudo, tal obtenção pode representar um fator limitante de uso.
 Implicações da Pesquisa: As análises dos IQS1 e IQS2 apontaram que o sistema de manejo impacta a qualidade do solo, sendo imperativo adotar ou manter práticas conservacionistas para que as condições do solo mobilizado se aproximem às de equilíbrio.
 Originalidade/Valor: O IQS2 apresentou resultados equivalentes ao IQS1 e constitui uma ferramenta de diagnóstico acessível, imediata e eficaz para o monitoramento da qualidade do solo.
Directives Competencies Most Value to Choose Effective Professionals Managers in The Hotel Sector of the Southeastern of Mexico
Authors: Cortés Roger Manuel Patrón , García Román Alberto Quijano , Chuc Giselle Guillermo , Martínez Fidel Ramón Alcocer
Published: September 2024

Objective: The objective of this research is to determine the management competencies most valued by the hotel sector in the southeast of Mexico, with the purpose of selecting an effective professional as a hotel manager.
 
Theoretical Framework: The literature was reviewed and analyzed, the main existing theories and models on managerial directive competencies, tourism, and the hotel sector in the international and national.
 
Method: This study is exploratory and descriptive, with a quantitative approach. The design is non-experimental and cross-sectional. 20 hotel managers participated. The instrument used was the Cardona and Chinchilla (1999) Management Competencies Questionnaire.
 
Results and Discussion: The results indicate that hotel managers value more the strategic competencies that allow them to satisfy customer needs. In addition, a growing interest was found in intrategic competencies since they value leadership competencies. Finally, personal effectiveness skills are considered fundamental.
 
Research Implications: One of the aspects to consider is that talented human capital is increasingly scarce and difficult to find, which is why an adequate personnel recruitment and selection process is required.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the research literature by expanding knowledge about the managerial competencies that hotel managers need to have. Above all, because studies on the subject are incipient in the Latin American area.
A EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA O ENFRENTAMENTO DA VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL
Authors: Posser Talita Gonçalves , Almeida Damiana Machado de , Costa Vânia Medianeira Flores , Borba Sabrina Nascimento , Aragão Paula Balardin Ribeiro , Carvalho Ana Clara da Paz de
Published: September 2024

O presente estudo tem por objetivo relatar as ações desenvolvidas pelo projeto de extensão da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) “Ações de enfrentamento da vulnerabilidade social: trabalho e renda para as mulheres da Vila Maringá/RS”. Sistematizado a partir de uma metodologia participativa e com auxílio de recursos públicos, durante o ano de 2018 foram realizadas oficinas de culinária, minicurso de aproveitamento integral dos alimentos, palestra sobre plantas medicinais e temperos e a construção da horta comunitária, além da realização de visitas e participação em eventos a fim de divulgar o projeto e buscar parcerias para garantir a continuidade do mesmo. De forma geral, as participantes avaliam o projeto de forma positiva, e estão constantemente solicitando novas oficinas e capacitações.
Sequences of Preimages in Elementary Cellular Automata
Authors:   Brock University, Department of Mathematics, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada, Fukś Henryk
Published: September 2024

Regularities are searched for in the sequences of numbers of preimages for elementary cellular automata (CA). For 46 out of 88 "minimal" rules, recognizable patterns are found, usually in the form of second order recurrence equations with constant coefficients. After introducing the concept of asymptotic emulation of CA rules, it is shown how the regularities in the sequences of preimage numbers can be used to find rules emulating identity. It is also shown that the average density of nonzero sites after an arbitrary number of steps (starting from a disordered configuration) can be computed using the sequences of preimage numbers.
Emergent Properties of Feedback Regulation and Stem Cell Behavior in a Granulopoiesis Model as a Complex System
Authors:   Electronic mail address: saikawa@ped.m.kanazawa-u.ac.jp. Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan, Saikawa Yutaka , Komatsuzaki Toshihiko ,   Department of Human and Mechanical Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kanazawa University, 2-40-20 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8667, Japan
Published: September 2024

To identify the internally generative theoretical relationship between microscopic mechanisms and the macroscopic behavior of hematopoietic processes as a complex system, a computer simulation of granulopoiesis was exploited by developing a cellular automaton (CA) model. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) distribute themselves to proliferate and differentiate in a three-dimensional analytical space. The number of mitotic events of the cells in a proliferating phase, the transit times (T) of each of 15 differential stages progressing from a HSC to a mature cell, the duplication times ( T dup ) of HSCs, and the neighborhood rules for cell proliferation were all incorporated as analytical parameters in this space. Homeostatic granulopoiesis originating from a single HSC was successfully achieved. An important part is the stabilization of cell production induced by way of negative feedback following external perturbation of the peripheral granulocyte numbers. Single-cell kinetic analyses describe the behavior of differentiating cells and HSCs as fluctuating their T and self-renewal time ( T dup ) in response to the feedback dynamics. Stochastic cell divisions of HSCs were recruited in a transitional manner resulting in the generation of a regulatory effect on the differentiation--commitment processes. The concept that local cellular interaction produces global dynamics in a granulopoietic system was reified by CA modeling. This approach will provide a framework for analyzing the behavior of HSCs and enable an understanding of the abnormal kinetics of hematopoietic diseases.
Spontaneous luxation frequency dependence of the capsule bag-IOL complex on the material and weight of the lens
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Irkutsk Branch, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Ivanov A.A. , Mishchenko O.P. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Irkutsk Branch, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Iureva T.N. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Irkutsk Branch, Irkutsk, Russian Federation,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education – branch of the FSBEI APE RMACPE, Irkutsk, Russian Federation,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

Abstract Spontaneous luxation frequency dependence of the «capsule bag-IOL» complex on the material and weight of the lens A.A. Ivanov , O.P. Mishchenko , T.N. Iureva S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Irkutsk Branch, Irkutsk, Russian Federation Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education – branch of the FSBEI APE RMACPE, Irkutsk, Russian Federation Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation Relevance.Spontaneous luxation of the «capsule bag – IOL» complex in the long-term postoperative period is a serious complication. The search for regulated risk factors, the limitation of which will reduce the frequency of this complication, is relevant. Purpose. To evaluate association between frequency of spontaneous luxation of the «capsule bag – IOL» complex and the number of surgeries, taking into account the characteristics of the lens. Material and methods. 69 IOLs from 14 medical companies and 2 capsule rings were examined. The weight was determined using trusted torsion scales (accuracy ± 1 mg) under hydration conditions. IOLs were divided into 3 groups: ≤18 D; 18.5–24.0 D; ≥24.5 D. A retrospective analysis of 159 cases of spontaneous IOL luxation into the vitreous body over 13 years (2007–2020) was carried out. Comparison of IOL implantation results/luxation was carried out from 2006 to 2010, taking into account luxations from 2007 to 2020. Additionally, the number of years from IOL implantation to spontaneous luxation, the axial length of the eye, and the presence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome were evaluated. Results. A multiple excess of the weight of hydrophilic compared with hydrophobic IOLs was found in three comparison groups with a comparable refractive power (p=0.0001). Hydrophilic lenses in various groups were 1.5–1.82 times heavier than hydrophobic lenses. Spontaneous luxation of hydrophobic IOLs occurred less frequently by 11.86–49.22% compared to lenses made of hydrophilic materials. Conclusion.The weight of the IOL may play an important role in the pathogenesis of dislocation of the artificial lens. In the future, it is possible to develop recommendations to reduce the risk of luxation of the «capsule bag – IOL» complex in the long term for patients with an initial combination of non-correctable risk factors complicating the condition of the ligamentous apparatus of the lens. Key words: IOL luxation, IOL weight, lens material, hydrophilic or hydrophobic IOLs
Surgical treatment of macular hole without removal of the internal limiting membrane
Authors:   Eye Microsurgery Yekaterinburg Center, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Kleimenov A.Y. , Kazaikin V.N. ,   Eye Microsurgery Yekaterinburg Center, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Lipina M.A. ,   Eye Microsurgery Yekaterinburg Center, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Ozhegova A.D. ,   Eye Microsurgery Yekaterinburg Center, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

Abstract Surgical treatment of macular hole without removal of the internal limiting membrane A.Yu. Kleimenov, V.N. Kazaikin, M.A. Lipina, A.D. Ozhegova Eye Microsurgery Yekaterinburg Center, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation Purpose. To represent new technique of macular hole surgical treatment without removal of the internal limiting membrane. Material and methods. A clinical, functional, anatomical and topographic analysis of the macular hole treatment in 21 eyes (21 patients), operated at the Eye Microsurgery Yekaterinburg Center in the period from January 2023 to January 2024 using technique developed at the Center (without removing the ILM). The follow-up period ranged from 2 weeks to 1 year (7.2±1.1). Results. The minimum diameter of the MH ranged from 118 to 618 (368.9±32.9) µm, the base diameter – from 98 to 1070 (732.2±61.3) µm. Complete closure of the macular hole in the early postoperative period was observed in 20 cases (out of 21; 95.2%). BCVA on the 1st day after surgery ranged from 0.005 to 0.08 (0.01±0.01), 6 months after surgery – from 0.35 to 0.95 (0.63±0.17). Throughout the entire observation period, there was no negative dynamics in the state of the retinal ganglion cell complex relative to the indicators of the normative base. Conclusion. Developed technique for the surgical treatment of full-thickness macular holes without removing the internal limiting membrane has shown high efficiency, does not cause damage to retinal ganglion cells in the early and late postoperative period, provides high functional results and can be used in everyday medical practice. Key words: macular hole, platelet-rich plasma, ILM peeling, vitrectomy
Theoretical Foundations of the Synthesis of the Model of Recognizing the Threat of Information Leakage through Parametric Channels in the Management Process
Authors: Сычев М.П. , Скрыль С.В. , Крылов В.О. , Холод Д.А. , Томах О.С.
Published: September 2024

Анализируются недостатки существующей практики выявления параметрических каналов. Обосновывается актуальность проблемы разработки методических основ синтеза моделей распознавания угроз утечки информации по параметрическим каналам как фактора повышения эффективности выявления такого рода угроз. Формулируются и формально доказываются основополагающие положения об объективном характере проявления угроз утечки информации по параметрическим каналам в процессе управленческой деятельности и объективном характере мер комплекснотехнического контроля (КТК) защищенности информации от утечки, а также о структурированности признаков распознавания этих угроз, возникающих в результате их проявления. Указанные положения рассматриваются как основа теории синтеза модели распознавания угроз утечки информации по параметрическим каналам в процессе управленческой деятельности.

The shortcomings of the existing practice of identifying parametric channels are analyzed. The urgency of the problem of developing methodological foundations for the synthesis of models for detecting threats to leak information through parametric channels, as a factor in improving the effectiveness of identifying such threats, is substantiated. Formulating and formally proving fundamental provisions on the objective nature of the manifestation of threats of information leakage through parametric channels in the management process and the objective nature of the CTCs measures of information security against leakage, as well as on the structured recognition of signs of recognition of these threats resulting from their manifestation. These provisions are considered as the basis of the theory of synthesis of the model of recognition of threats to the leakage of information through parametric channels in the process of management.
Operational Control of Technological Complexes without Recycling on the Basis of Noise Immunity Assessment of the System
Authors: Юсупбеков Н.Р. , Гулямов Ш.М. , Темербекова Б.М.
Published: September 2024

Введено понятие помехозащищенности объектов оперативнодиспетчерского управления сложными технологическими процессами и производствами с точки зрения возможности выполнения плановых заданий на основе оценки надежностных характеристик технологических узлов. Показано, что применение аппарата теории нечетких множеств для оценки помехозащищенности исследуемой системы позволяет оценивать производственную ситуацию не только при наличии объективной статистической информации о возмущениях на систему, но и на основе субъективной информации (например, на базе экспертных оценок характеристик возможных возмущений). Свойства введенной оценки помехозащищенности позволяет использовать этот показатель в качестве критерия оптимальности при решении задач компенсации производственных потерь от возмущений в системах оперативнодиспетчерского управления разветвленными технологическими комплексами и установками с непрерывным характером производства.

The concept of noise immunity of objects of operational dispatching control of complex technological processes and productions from the point of view of possibility of performance of planned tasks on the basis of an assessment of reliability characteristics of technological knots is entered. It is shown that the application of the fuzzy set theory apparatus to assess the noise immunity of the system under study makes it possible to assess the production situation not only in the presence of objective statistical information about perturbations on the system, but also on the basis of subjective information (for example, on the basis of expert estimates of the characteristics of possible perturbations). The properties of the introduced estimation of noise immunity allows to use this indicator as a criterion of optimality in solving the problems of compensation of production losses from disturbances in the systems of operational control of branched technological complexes and installations with a continuous nature of production.
Working with Analog Inputs and Outputs of PLC
Authors: Шишов О.В. , Житин И.В.
Published: September 2024

Рассматриваются общие вопросы построения аналоговых каналов программируемых логических контроллеров. Проводится сравнительный анализ подходов, применяемый производителями ПЛК, для реализации работы аналоговых каналов с различными датчиками. Выделяются значения параметров и характеристик аналоговых каналов контроллеров, являющиеся на сегодняшний день типовыми. Основное внимание уделяется рассмотрению продукции отечественных компаний.

We consider the general issues of building analog channels of programmable logic controllers. A comparative analysis of approaches used by PLC manufacturers for the implementation of analog channels with various sensors is carried out. The values of parameters and characteristics of analog channels of controllers that are typical today are highlighted. The main attention is paid to the consideration of the domestic companies production.
Molecular genetic analysis of Tulipa biebersteiniana Schult. et Schult. fil. (Liliaceae)
Authors: Соколова Е.И. , Киселев Д.А.
Published: September 2024

С помощью молекулярно-генетического анализа (анализ ретротранспозонов) и теста на скрещиваемость-нескрещиваемость установлено, что спорные таксоны тюльпан дубравный (Tulipa quercetorum Klokov et Zoz), тюльпан гранитный (Tulipa graniticola (Klokov et Zoz) Klokov), тюльпан бугский (Tulipa hypanica Klokov et Zoz), тюльпан скифский (Tulipa scythica Klokov et Zoz), тюльпан змеелистный (Tulipa ophiophylla Klokov et Zoz) являются не видами, а внутривидовыми единицами в пределах тюльпана Бибирштейна (Tulipa biebersteiniana Schult. et Schult. fil.).

Using molecular genetic analysis (analysis of retrotransposons) and the test for crossability-not crossability, it was determined that Tulipa quercetorum Klokov et Zoz, Tulipa graniticola (Klokov et Zoz) Klokov, Tulipa hypanica Klokov et Zoz, Tulipa scythica Klokov et Zoz, Tulipa ophiophylla Klokov et Zoz are not species, but intraspecific groups within Tulipa biebersteiniana.
ELECTRIC AND UVPHOTOCONDUCTIVITY PROPERTIES OF SURFACE-BARRIER STRUCTURES ON THE THIN FILMS OF Ag/ZnO BASIS
Authors: МУСЛИМОВ А.Э. , ИСМАИЛОВ А.М. , БАБАЕВ В.А. , КАНЕВСКИЙ В.М.
Published: September 2024

Исследованы электрические и УФфотопроводящие свойства поверхностнобарьерных структур на основе Ag/ZnO в зависимости от толщины пленок ZnO (менее 78 нм и более 1 мкм) и состояния поверхности подложки (ромбоэдрическая плоскость сапфира). Вольтамперная характеристика структур на основе Ag/ZnO при толщинах ZnO 78 нм отличалась линейностью и симметричностью, независимо от состояния поверхности подложки. При увеличение толщины ZnO свыше 1 мкм структуры Ag/ZnO проявляли выпрямляющие свойства, однако характер вольтамперных характеристик зависел от морфологии и структурного совершенства пленок ZnO. УФфоточувствительность по току и контрастность тока образцов находились в интервале 0,63,3x104 А/Вт ( при напряжении 1 В) и 1,2715, соответственно.

The thickness dependence of electric and UVphotoconductivity density of surfacebarrier structures on the thin films of Ag/ZnO basis (the ZnO thickness less 78 nm i more than 1 m) and conditions of substrate (the rhombohedral plane of sapphire) dependence are investigated. Voltampere characteristic of structures on the basis of Ag/ZnO at ZnO thickness 78 nm is linearity and symmetry, irrespective of a condition of a substrate surface. At increase in thickness of ZnO mo than 1 m structures of Ag/ZnO showed the straightening properties, however the nature of voltampere characteristics depended on morphology and structural perfection of films of ZnO. UVsensing and contrast of current of samples were in an interval 0.6...3.3 h is 104 A/W and 1.27...15, respectively.
MICROWAVE POWER TRANSMISSION FROM A SOLAR-SPACE POWER STATION- PROJECT OF THE FUTURE
Authors: КАГАНОВ В.И.
Published: September 2024

Проводится сравнение двух типов солнечных электростанций располагаемых на Земле и в космосе. Рассчитываются параметры двух типов солнечнокосмических электростанций (СКЭС): при их расположении на геостационарной орбите и круговой высоте 6000 км. Предлагается получение СВЧсигнала мощностью в 1 ГВт с помощью метода взаимной синхронизации множества транзисторных генераторов и применения фазированной антенной решетки. Утверждается, что реализация проекта возможна только при создании нового поколения солнечных батарей.

A comparison is made of two types of solar power plants located on Earth and in space. The parameters of two types of solarspace power stations (SCES) are calculated: when placed in a geostationary orbit and with a circular altitude of 6000 km. It is proposed to obtain a microwave signal with a power of 1 GW using the method of mutual synchronization of multiple transistor generators and the use of a phased antenna array. It is argued that the project is only possible with the creation of a new generation of solar cells.
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES OF PROCESSES OF FORMATION OF FINELY DISPERSED SOLID WASTE DURING DRILLING OPERATIONS AT UNDERGROUND MINES
Authors: ЖАРИКОВ И.Ф.
Published: September 2024

На основе вероятностного представления результатов дробления взорванной горной массы проведен анализ возможных путей увеличения эффективности разрушения горных пород зарядами различных конструкций, обладающих своей динамикой взрывного нагружения горного массива за счет различных механизмов расширения газообразных продуктов взрыва. Приведены экспериментальные результаты по изучению механизма нагружения твердой среды и изучена ответная реакция среды, отображающаяся в показателях массовой скорости смещения среды во времени и величинах смещения среды под действием динамического поля напряжений. Предложены некоторые критерии, позволяющие оценить энергетические затраты на дробление горной породы в зависимости от механизма передачи энергии взрыва окружающей твердой среде. Показано, что при постоянной энергии взрыва, но различных механизмах передачи энергии та часть, которая расходуется на дробление среды имеет максимум, определяемый конструкцией заряда и физикомеханическими свойствами разрушаемой твердой среды. Показан механизм влияния многократного нагружения среды на результат дезинтеграции взрываемого массива горных пород.

On the basis of the probabilistic presentation of the results of crushing a blasted rock mass, an analysis was made of possible ways to increase the efficiency of rock destruction by charges of various structures with their explosive loading dynamics of a rock mass due to different expansion mechanisms of gaseous explosion products. Experimental results on the study of the loading mechanism of a solid medium are given, and the response of the medium, which is displayed in terms of the mass velocity of the medium displacing in time and magnitudes of the medium displacement under the action of a dynamic stress field, is studied. Some criteria have been proposed to evaluate the energy costs of crushing a rock depending on the mechanism of the transfer of the energy of an explosion to the surrounding solid medium. It is shown that with a constant explosion energy, but different mechanisms of energy transfer, that part that is spent on crushing the medium has a maximum determined by the charge design and the physicomechanical properties of the solid medium being destroyed. The mechanism of the influence of multiple loading of the medium on the result of disintegration of the exploding rock mass is shown.
SELF-TORQUE: MEASUREMENT AND INTERPRETATION
Authors: ГЕРАСИМОВ С.А. , КОВАЛЕВ В.В.
Published: September 2024

Магнетизм релятивистское явление, поэтому третий закон Ньютона в его традиционной форме выполняться не обязан. Это относится не только к силам, с которым две части магнитомеханической системы действуют друг на друга, но и к моментам сил. Поскольку в последнем случае может участвовать намагниченное тело, обладающее существенной намагниченностью, то измерения момента сил самодействия, с которыми незамкнутая часть системы действует сама на себя, оказываются наиболее точными и однозначными. При этом обязательно нужно учитывать особенности прохождения электрического тока через контакты, соединяющие две незамкнутые части замкнутой системы. Измерения и сравнение полученных значений моментов сил самодействия с теоретическими расчетами полностью отвечают существованию и не нулевому значению вращательного момента самодействия, вызывающего вращение незамкнутой электромеханической системы, представляющей собой цилиндрический магнит и цилиндрический незамкнутый проводник.

Magnetizm is relativistic phenomenon therefore the third Newtons law does not hold in its traditional form. It relates not only to the forces by means of which two parts of a system act on each other but to the torques. It last case, a source of magnetic field with the significant magnetization may be a part of the unclosed system, that enables to measure with high accuracy the selftorque by means of which two parts of the rotational unclosed system act on itself. Adequate consideration of the electric current in contacts joining two parts of the closed system is necessary to do the measurements of the selftorque exactly. Measurements and comparison of the obtained experimental results correspond to the existence and nonzero value of the rotary moment of selfaction producing rotation of the unclosed electromechanical system consisting of the cylindrical magnet and the unclosed cylindrical conductor.
RESEARCH OF SOME PROPERTIES OF SOLID COMBUSTIBLE COMPONENTS FOR CHEAP EXPLOSIVES
Authors: ФРАНТОВ А.Е. , БЕЛОУСОВ Ф.С.
Published: September 2024

Для разрушения горных пород при добыче полезных ископаемых широкое применение находят простейшие взрывчатые вещества, являющиеся наиболее дешевым источником энергии взрыва. Совершенствование простейших взрывчатых веществ направлено в сторону повышения эффективности взрывания, безопасности в обращении, снижения затрат на добычу. Взрывная эффективность во многом определяется сбалансированностью состава и физической стабильностью простейших взрывчатых веществ. Надлежащую сбалансированность состава обеспечивает использование пористой селитрой или гладкой селитры с порошковыми материалами, способными удерживать жидкое горючее. Выбор способа обеспечения физической стабильности в той или иной степени зависит от технических ограничений применяемой технологии взрывных работ. В данной работе изучены свойства порошкообразного горючего, влияющие на характер адгезионной связи с поверхностью гранул аммиачной селитры гранулометрический состав угольного порошка и коксовой мелочи, характер анизодиаметричности частиц. Рассмотрено влияние на свойства смеси аммиачная селитра твердое горючее формы частиц угольного порошка и коксовой мелочи, соотношения по массе к аммиачной селитре, распределение частиц на поверхности гранул аммиачной селитры. Показано, что при использовании твердых горючих компонентов необходимо учитывать адгезионные свойства материалов.

Cheap explosives, which are the lowest priced source of explosion energy, are widely used for the destruction of rocks during mining process. The improvement of the cheap explosives is aimed at increasing the efficiency of the explosion, safe handling, and reducing production costs. Explosive efficiency is largely dependent on the balance of the composition and physical stability of the cheap explosives balance of the composition is ensured by the use of porous nitrate or smooth nitrate with powder materials capable of retaining liquid fuel. The choice of a method for ensuring physical stability to one degree or another depends on the technical limitations of the blasting technology used. In this work, we studied the properties of powdered fuel that affect the nature of the adhesive bond with the surface of the granules of ammonium nitrate the granulometric composition of coal powder and coke breeze, the nature of the anisodiametricity of the particles. The effect on the properties of the mixture of ammonium nitrate solid fuel forms of particles of coal powder and coke breeze, the ratio by weight to ammonium nitrate, the distribution of particles on the surface of the granules of ammonium nitrate is considered. It is shown that when using solid combustible components, it is necessary to take into account the adhesive properties of materials.
ITS NAME IS INSTITUTE CALLED: ABOUT ACADEMICIAN M.A. LAVRENTYEV ON THE ORGANIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF HYDRODYNAMICS
Authors: Куперштох Н.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассмотрена деятельность академика М.А. Лаврентьева (19001980) по организации и развитию Института гидродинамики СО АН СССР/РАН, который ныне носит имя своего основателя. Проанализированы основные вехи жизнедеятельности М.А. Лаврентьева, которые позволили ему стать выдающимся ученым и организатором науки в XX столетии. Научное наследие академика Лаврентьева многогранно и нуждается в специальном изучении и обобщении. В данной статье воссоздана история формирования и развития основных направлений Института гидродинамики СО РАН и его научных школ. Основатель Института гидродинамики СО РАН академик М.А. Лаврентьев в 19571976 гг. поставил задачи, которые вывели ученых института в лидеры мировой науки, заложил базис для дальнейшего развития научного потенциала. Дана краткая характеристика основных достижений института. Показано творческое развитие принципов, заложенных в основание института академиком М.А. Лаврентьевым, в современный период.

The article describes the activities of Academician M.A. Lavrentyev (19001980) on the organization of the Institute of Hydrodynamics of the SB RAS, which now bears the name of its founder. Analyzed the main milestones of life M.A. Lavrentyev, who allowed him to become an outstanding scientist and organizer of science in the XX century. The scientific heritage of Academician Lavrentyev is multifaceted and needs special study and generalization. This article recreates the history of the formation and development of the main areas of the Institute of Hydrodynamics of the SB RAS and its scientific schools. Founder of the Institute of Hydrodynamics of the SB RAS Academician M.A. Lavrentyev in 19571976 set the tasks that brought the scientists of the institute to the leaders of world science, laid the foundation for the further development of scientific potential. A brief description of the main achievements of the institute is given. The creative development of the principles laid down by the academician M.A. Lavrentyev, in the modern period.
On diminished triads, the ambivalence of the pitch-letter B and the musical theory of Nikolay Diletsky regarding four-part choral settings of the Znamenny Chant
Authors: Семенёнок И.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматриваются такие характерные особенности четырехголосных партесных обработок знаменного роспева последней четверти XVII–первой половины XVIII веков, как: уменьшенные трезвучия в восходящих и нисходящих движениях аккордов, амбивалентность модальной функции клависа B (перечение си-бемоль и си-бекар) в гармонических последованиях. Дается объяснение этих особенностей с позиций модальной теории и системы гексахордов. Для выяснения данных вопросов привлекается трактат Николая Дилецкого «Идея Грамматики мусикийской».

The article elaborates on characteristic features of four-part choral settings of the Znamenny Chant of the last quarter of the 17th century and the first half of the 18th century, such as: diminished triads in conjunct ascending AND descending chord movement, cross-relations of B-natural vs B-fl at modal function in chord progressions. These special aspects are explained from the viewpoint of the 17th-century modal theory (the hexachord system, etc.). The authority of the Nikolay Diletsky’s “Idea of Musical Grammar” treatise is questioned as a guide to clarification of the mentioned issues.
The significance of the flute for the Chinese musical art
Authors: Лянь И.
Published: September 2024

Музыка с древнейших времён занимает видное место в жизни китайцев, как, впрочем, и других народов. Этнографы-музыковеды установили, что на ранних этапах человеческой истории музыка была тесно связана с пантомимическими представлениями, с танцем. Появление музыкальных произведений и инструментов древние китайцы в легендах связывали с богами. По их утверждениям, боги сочли человека законченным творением тогда, когда они обучили его музыке. Однако достоверную картину истории развития китайской музыкальной культуры можно воссоздать на основании данных ряда наук: археологии, этнографии, музыковедения, литературоведения и т. д. Китайская флейта хоть и считается маленьким и несложным музыкальным инструментом, однако ее история насчитывает более 7000 лет. У китайской флейты богатая палитра средств выразительности, на ней можно исполнять как длинные и мощные мелодии, так и раскрывать сильные чувства; с ее помощью можно играть веселую танцевальную музыку и музыку в нежном миноре, кроме того многие музыканты также используют флейту для имитации природных звуков или пения птиц.

Music since ancient times occupies a prominent place in the life of the Chinese, as, indeed, and other peoples. Ethnographers-musicologists found that in the early stages of human history, music was closely associated with pantomimic ideas, with dance. The appearance of musical works and instruments ancient Chinese legends associated with the gods. According to them, the gods considered man a complete creation when they taught him music. However, a reliable picture of the history of Chinese musical culture can be recreated on the basis of data from a number of Sciences: archeology, Ethnography, musicology, literary studies, etc. Although the Chinese flute is considered to be a small and simple musical instrument, its history goes back more than 7000 years. The Chinese flute has a rich palette of means of expression. It is widespread in China as an instrument of folk music.
Perfection of the Stands for Mechanical and Climatic Tests of Radio Electronic Products
Authors: МАЛАХАНОВ А.А. , МАЛАХАНОВА А.Г. , ФОКИН Ю.И.
Published: September 2024

На аппаратуру в условиях эксплуатации одновременно могут воздействовать несколько механических и климатических факторов. В таких случаях целесообразно проводить комплексные испытания. Рассмотрены методы испытаний машин, приборов и других технических изделий. Приведена информация об испытаниях на прочность при воздействии вибрации, проводимым в целях сокращения времени испытаний. Приведены разработанные при участии авторов конструкции устройств для виброиспытания радиоэлектронных изделий и для закрепления их на планшайбе центрифуги. Представлен стенд для испытания изделий на вибрацию при воздействии условий внешней среды. При использовании предлагаемого стенда каждое изделие без переустановки подвергается вибрационным испытаниям при низкой и высокой температуре, что обеспечивает приближение испытаний к эксплуатационным условиям, характеризующимся вибрациями при воздействии значительных отрицательных и положительных температур.

Several mechanical and climatic factors can simultaneously affect equipment under operating conditions. In such cases, it is advisable to conduct complex tests. The methods of testing machines, instruments and other technical products are considered. Information is given on the strength test when subjected to vibration in order to shorten the test time. The designs of devices for vibration testing of electronic products and for fixing them on the centrifuge faceplate, developed with the participation of the authors, are presented. A stand for testing products for vibration when exposed to environmental conditions is presented. When using the proposed stand, each product without re-installation is subjected to vibration tests at low and high temperatures, which ensures that the tests are approaching the operating conditions characterized by vibrations when exposed to significant negative and positive temperatures.
CIRCASSIAN (ADYGHE) MUSICAL FOLKLORE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XX – BEGINNING OF XXI CENTURIES
Authors: Гучева А.В.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматривается жизненный путь, научные взгляды и многогранная деятельность адыгского фольклориста Зарамука Патуровича Кардангушева. Судьба и научное творчество ученого показаны в контексте исторических событий СССР и России в XX в. начала XXI вв.

The article describes the way of life, scientific views and multifaceted activities of the great Soviet scientist and psychologist Zaramuk Paturovich Kardangushev. The destiny and the scientific creative work of the scientist are shown in the context of the historical events in the Soviet Union and Russia in XX beginning of XXI centuries.
TEVOLUTION OF SELF-AWARENESS IN THE DIALOGUE OF CULTURES
Authors: Тхагазитов Ю.М.
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена тайнам странствия М.Ю. Лермонтова по Кавказу в 1837 году. Авторы отмечают, что Х. Шогенову благодаря новым архивным данным удалось преодолеть прежнюю, во многом, произвольную идеологическую, советскую и демократическую интерпретации пребывания русского гения в ссылке на Кавказе. Как отмечают авторы статьи, на протяжении всего исследования Х. Шогенову удается (по С.Липкину) удерживать свое внимание не на росте самосознания крови войны, а на эволюции самосознания культуры.

The article is devoted to the secrets of M.Yu. Lermontov in the Caucasus in 1837. The authors note that thanks to the new archival data, H. Shogenov managed to overcome the former, in many respects, arbitrary ideological, Soviet and democratic interpretations of the presence of the Russian genius in exile in the Caucasus. According to the authors of the article, throughout the entire study H. Shogenov succeeds (according to S. Lipkin) to keep his attention not on the growth of the selfconsciousness of the blood of war, but on the evolution of the cultures selfconsciousness.
High-Throughput Encapsulated Nanodroplet Screening for Accelerated Co-Crystal Discovery
Authors: Metherall Jessica , Corner Philip , McCabe James , Probert Michael , Hall Michael
Published: September 2024

Co-crystals are composed of two or more chemically inequivalent molecular species, excluding solvents, generally in a stoichiometric ratio. Co-crystals are particularly important in pharmaceutical development, where a suitable co-crystal can significantly improve the physiochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. However, co-crystal discovery remains both practically challenging and resource intensive, requiring the extensive searching of complex experimental space. Herein, we demonstrate a high-throughput (HTP) nanoscale co-crystallisation method for the rapid screening of large areas of co-crystallisation space with minimal sample requirements, based on Encapsulated Nanodroplet Crystallisation (ENaCt). HTP co-crystallisation screening by ENaCt allowed rapid access to all 18 possible binary co-crystal combinations of 3 small molecules and 6 co-formers, through the use of 3,456 individual experiments exploring solvent, encapsulating oil and stoichiometry, resulting in 10 novel binary co-crystal structures by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). ENaCt co-crystallisation is also shown to be a powerful method for higher-order co-crystal (HOC) discovery, through its ability to efficiently address highly complex experimental landscapes. HTP ENaCt co-crystallisation screening of molecule/co-former/co-former and molecule/co-former/co-former/co-former combinations gave ready access to both ternary and quaternary HOCs, each containing three or four different molecular species respectively. In total, 12,288 individual ENaCt experiments are presented resulting in 50 co-crystal structures by SCXRD, including 17 novel binary co-crystals, 7 novel ternary co-crystals and 2 novel quaternary co-crystals. ENaCt co-crystallisation is thus demonstrated to be a highly impactful and efficient tool in the search for small molecule co-crystals, through the employment of parallelised HTP nanoscale experimental workflows.