bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The credit card-augmented Divisia monetary aggregates: an analysis based on recurrence plots and visual boundary recurrence plots
Authors: Andreadis Ioannis , Fragkou Athanasios D. , Karakasidis Theodoros E. , Serletis Apostolos
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we compare the dynamics of the growth rates of the original Divisia monetary aggregates, the credit card-augmented Divisia monetary aggregates, and the credit card-augmented Divisia inside monetary aggregates. This analysis is based on the methods of recurrence plots, recurrence quantification analysis, and visual boundary recurrence plots which are phase space methods designed to depict the underlying dynamics of the system under study. We identify the events that affected Divisia money growth and point out the differences among the different Divisia monetary aggregates based on the recurrence and visual boundary recurrence plots. We argue that the broad Divisia monetary aggregates could be used for monetary policy and business cycle analysis as they are exhibiting less fluctuation compared to the narrow Divisia monetary aggregates. They could positively affect policy decisions regarding environmental choices and sustainability. We also point out the changes in the monetary dynamics locating the 2008 global financial crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic.
When and how to use ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and home blood pressure monitoring for managing hypertension
Authors: Lee Eun Mi
Published: April 2024

Many individuals have different blood pressure (BP) values in the office setting compared to that outside the office setting. Therefore, confirming hypertension based on office BP (OBP) measurement alone can lead to misdiagnosis and mistreatment. The limitations of OBP measurement have led to the complementary use of out-of-office BP measurements, including 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM). This review aims to describe when and how ABPM or HBPM can be used to accurately diagnose and treat hypertension. Both methods should be performed using validated automated oscillometric devices. To minimize user errors, ABPM should be performed using standard techniques, whereas HBPM requires patient education regarding proper BP measurements. ABPM provides short-term comprehensive information on BP, including daytime, nighttime, morning, and 24-h BP. Therefore, ABPM is recommended for the initial diagnosis of hypertension, assessment of BP phenotypes and circadian patterns, and detection of nocturnal hypertension, Furthermore, ABPM plays a critical role in confirming true resistant hypertension thereby excluding pseudo-resistant hypertension. However, it is not suitable for long-term follow-up of patients with hypertension. In contrast, HBPM involves multiple BP readings taken at specific times during the day and evening over a long period. Therefore, HBPM is recommended for diagnosing hypertension and assessing BP phenotypes. However, this method has limitations in measuring nocturnal BP and circadian BP patterns. HBPM is preferred over ABPM for the long-term follow-up of patients with hypertension. This approach improves patient adherence to treatment and ultimately enhances the rate of control of hypertension. Additionally, both methods play an important role in diagnosing and treating white coat hypertension during pregnancy. Consequently, out-of-office BP measurement is essential to prevent the misdiagnosis and mistreatment of hypertension. However, these two methods offer different information regarding the BP status of an individual, and they indeed show discrepancies in the diagnosis of hypertensive phenotypes. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the advantages and limitations of both ABPM and HBPM to ensure their appropriate use in clinical practice.

Graphical Abstract
Biodegradability of leather: a crucial indicator to evaluate sustainability of leather
Authors: Wang Ya-nan , Zhang Yuxin , Wang Zhen
Published: April 2024

Biodegradability is a crucial indicator to evaluate the sustainability of leather. Herein, a rapid method for biodegradation test in an aqueous medium by measuring biochemical oxygen demand was used to determine the biodegradability of leather from different tanning methods, tanning conditions and process stages. In addition, the difference in biodegradability between leather and leather-like synthetic materials were investigated. Chrome-free tanned leather showed higher degree of biodegradation and faster biodegradation rate than chrome tanned leather. Among them, leathers tanned with biomass-based tanning agents were much easier to biodegrade because the crosslinking network of tanned leather constructed with biomass was more susceptible to microbial attack. The enhancement of tanning effects through changing tanning methods and conditions (such as tanning agent dosage, pH and temperature) resulted in the decline of leather biodegradability. Future development of novel chrome-free tanning technologies should balance between these two aspects. The biodegradability of leather from tanning to post-tanning to finishing showed a stepwise decrease because various chemicals were applied and bound to leather during processing. Even so, finished leather still possessed significantly higher biodegradability compared to leather-like PU and microfiber synthetic materials, demonstrating superior environmental sustainability of natural leather. The results are expected to provide support for the evaluation of the ecological properties of leather and green upgrade of the leather industry.

Graphical abstract
Rapunzel syndrome’s silent cry: addressing neglect and psychiatric factors in pediatric cases
Authors: Warsi Arshia , Mushtaq Rabeea , Ali Syed Waqas , Anwer Farah
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Rapunzel syndrome is a very rare form of trichobezoar. It is strongly linked to psychiatric conditions; trichotillomania and trichophagia. These conditions in the pediatric population point to the presence of childhood stressors like child neglect, abuse, etc. This case report highlights that child neglect may be an underlying contributing factor in selected cases of Rapunzel syndrome. Hence, a multidisciplinary approach should be sought in all cases of Rapunzel syndrome, catering to the emotional and psychological needs of the pediatric population.

Case presentation

A 7-year-old girl from a low socioeconomic background presented with periorbital and facial swelling, abdominal distension, and pallor. On physical examination, she showed bilateral pitting edema and a distended abdomen with poor overall hygienic condition. Her family history was positive for Wilson’s disease. Lab investigations highlighted iron deficiency anemia (Hb 8.2 g/dL), with normal liver function. Ultrasound demonstrated ascites, liver changes, and pleural effusion. The work-up for Wilson’s disease was unremarkable. During the hospital course, her abdominal distention lessened; a non-tender epigastric mass (4 × 5 cm) was thus discovered. An abdominal X-ray revealed an entangled mass outlining the gastric shadow. Her parents also revealed a history of trichophagia. Suspecting a large trichobezoar, a laparotomy was performed. After the midline incision, the stomach was opened anteriorly between stay sutures along the curvature. It delivered a large trichobezoar, 65 cm in length extending up to the proximal jejunum. Rapunzel syndrome diagnosis was finally established.

Conclusion

This unique presentation emphasizes the need to consider this rare etiology, even with unusual clinical histories especially with a history of child neglect, while collaborative surgical interventions facilitate successful outcomes.
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) mediated m6A modification of circFAM192A promoted gastric cancer proliferation by suppressing SLC7A5 decay
Authors: Wu Xi , Fang Yuan , Gu Yunru , Shen Haoyang , Xu Yangyue , Xu Tingting , Shi Run , Xu Duo , Zhang Jingxin , Leng Kai , Shu Yongqian , Ma Pei
Published: April 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide, especially in East Asia, with high incidence and mortality rate. Epigenetic modifications have been reported to participate in the progression of gastric cancer, among which m6A is the most abundant and important chemical modification in RNAs. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) is the first identified RNA demethylase but little is known about its role in gastric cancer. In our study, data from TCGA and clinical samples showed that FTO was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues. Kaplan–Meier plotter suggested that patients with the high level of FTO had a poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the role of FTO in promoting gastric cancer cell proliferation. Mechanistically, we found that FTO bound to circFAM192A at the specific site and removed the m6A modification in circFAM192A, protecting it from degradation. CircFAM192A subsequently interacted with the leucine transporter solute carrier family 7 member 5 (SLC7A5) and enhancing its stability. As a result, an increased amount of SLC7A5 was on the membrane, which facilitated leucine uptake and activated the mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, our study demonstrated that FTO promoted gastric cancer proliferation through the circFAM192A/SLC7A5 axis in the m6A-dependent manner. Our study shed new light on the role of FTO in gastric cancer progression.
Unraveling the effects of the Ebola experience on behavior choices during COVID-19 in Liberia: a mixed-methods study across successive outbreaks
Authors: Skrip Laura A. , Weller Malcom B. , Dukuly Sheikh , Candy Neima , Harmon-Gray Wahdae-Mai , Clarke Adolphus , Dahn Bernice T.
Published: April 2024

Background

The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of morbidity and mortality differentially affected populations. Between and within populations, behavior change was likewise heterogeneous. Factors influencing precautionary behavior adoption during COVID-19 have been associated with multidimensional aspects of risk perception; however, the influence of lived experiences during other recent outbreaks on behavior change during COVID-19 has been less studied.

Methods

To consider how the direct disease experience (“near misses”) and behavior change during the 2014–2016 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak may have impacted behavior change during the early waves of the COVID-19 outbreak in West Africa, we analyzed data from a mixed-methods study that included a phone-based survey and in-depth interviews among vaccinated Liberian adults. Logistic regression via generalized estimating equations with quasi-likelihood information criterion (QIC)-based model selection was conducted to evaluate the influence of the interaction between and individual effects of the outbreak (EVD and COVID-19) and the “near-miss” experience on adoption of individual precautionary behaviors. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts explored reasons for differential behavior adoption between the two outbreaks.

Results

At the population level, being a “near miss” was not associated with significantly different behavior during COVID-19 versus Ebola; however, overall, people had lower odds of adopting precautionary behaviors during COVID-19 relative to during Ebola. Participants who report near miss experiences during Ebola were significantly more likely to report having a household member test positive for COVID-19 (p<0.001). Qualitatively, participants often reflected on themes around more proximal and personal experiences with Ebola than with COVID-19; they also commented on how EVD led to better preparedness at the systems level and within communities for how to behave during an outbreak, despite such awareness not necessarily translating into action during COVID-19.

Conclusions

The results suggest that perceived proximity and intensity to disease threats in space and time affect behavioral decisions. For successive disease threats, comparisons of the present outbreak to past outbreaks compound those effects, regardless of whether individuals were directly impacted via a “near-miss” experience. Measures, such as risk communication and community engagement efforts, that gauge and reflect comparisons with previous outbreaks should be considered in response strategies to enhance the adoption of precautionary behavior.
Experimental research on the acoustic detection of different fracture characteristics
Authors: Qi Gewei , Tang Jun , He Ze , Shen Wei , Zheng Chenchang , Li Mengfan
Published: April 2024

Fractures serve as critical pathways for fluid movement and storage within tight reservoirs, playing a pivotal role in the exploration and development of geologic resources. The intricate nature of these fractures, often manifesting as complex belts due to the influence of multifaceted tectonic activities, complicates the understanding of how wave propagation is altered by various fracture characteristics. To address this challenge, we carry out physical experiments and finite-difference numerical simulation studies on scaled physical models of wells based on acoustic logging techniques. This study meticulously examines the interplay between different fracture attributes and the behavior of the S and Stoneley waves, providing a quantitative analysis of the fracture width, density, and ductility. Our findings reveal that the amplitude of the direct Stoneley wave exhibits an exponential decline with an increase in the equivalent fracture width. With a constant equivalent fracture width, an increase in the number of fractures leads to a higher amplitude of the direct Stoneley wave. Moreover, as the radius of the fracture extension expands, the relative amplitude of the Stoneley wave diminishes, following a logarithmic trend.
Analytic continuation: A tool for aeromagnetic data interpretation
Authors: Thurston Jeffrey B. , Fornberg Bengt
Published: April 2024

Extending potential-field data to vertical complex-plane slices provides opportunities, unique to analytic functions, for subsurface imaging. We begin with an existing numerical method for differentiation by integration using Cauchy's integral formula. An example from data over northern Ontario, Canada, illustrates better conditioning compared to derivatives computed using finite differences. Next, these quantities are used for analytic continuation using rational complex-series expansion (Padé approximation). This method provides stable downward continuation to distances that are significantly greater than are achievable by Taylor series and spectral methods. A synthetic test confirms that the rational approximant faithfully reproduces the magnetic response of a thin sheet. A sign reversal of the total field, coincident with the origin of the sheet, features prominently on this example. We also provide synthetic results for sheets with finite depth extent, point sources, thin slabs, and contacts. These also exhibit polarity flips near the source location. Further, these provide a template for interpreting the source geometry using the shape of the approximating function. Additional synthetic tests illustrate an automatic method for locating closely spaced random assemblages of isolated poles. We apply our methods to a deposit-scale heliborne survey over a recently discovered volcanogenic massive sulphide ore deposit in a Canadian greenstone belt. The analytically continued profile over the deposit suggests the presence of a subvertical thin sheet of unknown depth extent. This interpretation coincides with a sulphide ore body that has been previously delimited by several drill holes. Some known prospects near this deposit are also imaged on maps and profiles of the Padé approximant.
Anlotinib for Metastatic Progressed Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: A Retrospective Study of Real-World Data
Authors: Tian Rui , Yao Xiaochen , Song Jieping , Wang Jun , Fu Jingjing , Shi Liang , Yu Fei , Zhang Pengjun , Zhang Chuan , Ni Yudan , Wang Feng
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Pheochromocytomas (PCC) and paragangliomas (PGL) (collectively PPGL) are a type of rare hypervascular neuroendocrine tumors that are very challenging to treat. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor anlotinib for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic (LA/M) PPGL.

Methods

A total of 37 eligible patients with unresectable or progressive LA/M PPGL were enrolled. Of them, 27 patients received anlotinib alone (n = 19) or in combination (n = 8) with radionuclide therapies, including peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) and iodine 131 meta-iodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG). The primary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), defined as partial response (PR) or complete response (CR), and disease-control rate, defined as PR, CR, or stable disease (SD). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), duration of response, and drug safety.

Results

In the efficacy evaluation for all 27 patients, the ORR was 44.44% (95% CI: 24.4%-64.5%) and disease-control rate was 96.29% (95% CI: 88.7%-100%). Twelve cases (44.44%) achieved PR, 14 (51.85%) SD. The median PFS was 25.2 months (95% CI: 17.2 months to not reached). PFS was shorter in the anlotinib monotherapy group than in the group receiving anlotinib in combination with radionuclide therapy (P = .2). There were no serious treatment-related AEs.

Conclusion

Anlotinib monotherapy or in combination with radionuclide therapies shows promising efficacy and safety for the treatment of LA/M PCC and PGL. Multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors might represent a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with PPGL; however, large-scale prospective randomized, blinded, controlled clinical research studies are required.
Iron Metabolic Biomarkers and the Mortality Risk in the General Population: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Sun Yuanyuan , Peng Wenyao , Lin Siqi , Cui Jingjing , Lu Jiapeng
Published: April 2024

Context

Iron is an essential element in the human body and plays a critical role in many physiological and cellular processes. However, the association between iron status and the risk of all-cause or cause-specific mortality has not been well-investigated. And it is unclear whether the association between iron metabolic biomarkers and the risk of mortality differs between people with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).

Objective

This work aimed to investigate associations between iron metabolic biomarkers and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk in the general population, and heterogeneities in the associations among population with and without DM..

Methods

A total of 29 166 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III and NHANES 1999 to 2010 were included, with linkage to the National Death Index to December 31, 2019. Cox proportional-hazard models and Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models were used to estimate associations between iron metabolic biomarkers and outcomes.

Results

During a median follow-up of 18.83 years, 9378 deaths were observed, including 3420 cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths and 1969 cancer deaths. A significant linear association between serum ferritin (SF) and all-cause mortality was observed among the overall population and those without DM. J-shaped associations between transferrin saturation (TSAT) and all-cause and CVD mortality were observed among all populations. In the overall population, compared to the first quartile (Q1) group, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) for all-cause mortality was 1.07 (1.00-1.15), 1.05 (0.98-1.12), 1.13 (1.05-1.21) in Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups for SF, while the HR was 0.94 (0.88-0.99), 0.92 (0.86-0.97), and 0.93 (0.88-0.99) for TSAT. In individuals without DM, the adjusted HR of the Q4 of SF were 1.19 (1.03-1.37) for CVD mortality and 1.25 (1.05-1.48) for cancer mortality. In individuals with DM, the adjusted HRs of the Q4 of TSAT were 0.76 (0.62-0.93) for CVD mortality and 1.47 (1.07-2.03) for cancer mortality.

Conclusion

Iron metabolism abnormalities increase mortality risk in the general population. The associations of iron status with mortality were significantly different between individuals with and without DM, which indicated tailored strategies for iron homeostasis are needed.
Left Upper Division Segmentectomy Compared with Lobectomy for Lung Expansion and Bronchus Tortuosity
Authors: Woo Wongi , Park Chul Hwan , Lee Jimin , Moon Duk Hwan , Lee Sungsoo
Published: April 2024

Background

For patients with left upper lobe lesions, the functional benefit of left upper division segmentectomy over left upper lobectomy remains controversial. This study evaluated the clinical and functional outcomes after these two procedures.

Methods

This retrospective study included 135 patients with left upper lobe lesions (left upper lobectomy, 110; left upper division segmentectomy, 25). Propensity score matching was used to compare the two groups. Spirometry and computed tomography volume assessments were performed to evaluate bronchus angle and tortuosity. Short-term clinical respiratory symptoms were assessed via medical record reviews.

Results

Patients in both groups had similar preoperative characteristics, apart from tumor size (left upper division segmentectomy, 1.6 ± 0.9 cm; left upper lobectomy, 2.8 ± 1.7 cm; p = 0.002). After propensity score matching, both groups had similar preoperative spirometry and pathological results. The postoperative spirometry results were similar; however, the left upper division segmentectomy group had a significantly smaller decrease in left-side computed tomography lung volume compared with that in the left upper lobectomy group (left upper division segmentectomy, 323.6 ± 521.4 mL; left upper lobectomy, 690.7 ± 332.8 mL; p = 0.004). The left main bronchus-curvature index was higher in the left upper lobectomy group (left upper division segmentectomy, 1.074 ± 0.035; left upper lobectomy, 1.097 ± 0.036; p = 0.013), and more patients had persistent cough in the left upper lobectomy group (p = 0.001).

Conclusions

Left upper division segmentectomy may be a promising option for preventing marked bronchial angulation and decreasing postoperative persistent cough in patients with left upper lobe lung cancer.
ac4C: a fragile modification with stabilizing functions in RNA metabolism
Authors: Schiffers Sarah , Oberdoerffer Shalini
Published: April 2024

In recent years, concerted efforts to map and understand epitranscriptomic modifications in mRNA have unveiled new complexities in the regulation of gene expression. These studies cumulatively point to diverse functions in mRNA metabolism, spanning pre-mRNA processing, mRNA degradation, and translation. However, this emerging landscape is not without its intricacies and sources of discrepancies. Disparities in detection methodologies, divergent interpretations of functional outcomes, and the complex nature of biological systems across different cell types pose significant challenges. With a focus of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C), this review endeavors to unravel conflicting narratives by examining the technological, biological, and methodological factors that have contributed to discrepancies and thwarted research progress. Our goal is to mitigate detection inconsistencies and establish a unified model to elucidate the contribution of ac4C to mRNA metabolism and cellular equilibrium.
Chemical manipulation of m1A mediates its detection in human tRNA
Authors: Pajdzik Kinga , Lyu Ruitu , Dou Xiaoyang , Ye Chang , Zhang Li-Sheng , Dai Qing , He Chuan
Published: April 2024

N1-methyl adenosine (m1A) is a widespread RNA modification present in tRNA, rRNA, and mRNA. m1A modification sites in tRNAs are evolutionarily conserved and its formation on tRNA is catalyzed by methyltransferase TRMT61A and TRMT6 complex. m1A promotes translation initiation and elongation. Due to its positive charge under physiological conditions, m1A can notably modulate RNA structure. It also blocks Watson–Crick–Franklin base-pairing and causes mutation and truncation during reverse transcription. Several misincorporation-based high-throughput sequencing methods have been developed to sequence m1A. In this study, we introduce a reduction-based m1A sequencing (red-m1A-seq). We report that NaBH4reduction of m1A can improve the mutation and readthrough rates using commercially available RT enzymes to give a better positive signature, while alkaline-catalyzed Dimroth rearrangement can efficiently convert m1A to m6A to provide good controls, allowing the detection of m1A with higher sensitivity and accuracy. We applied red-m1A-seq to sequence human small RNA, and we not only detected all the previously reported tRNA m1A sites, but also new m1A sites in mt-tRNAAsn-GTTand 5.8S rRNA.
Understanding the redundant functions of the m6A-binding YTHDF proteins
Authors: Zaccara Sara , Jaffrey Samie R.
Published: April 2024

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent modified nucleotide in mRNA, and it has important functions in mRNA regulation. However, our understanding of the specific functions of m6A along with its cytosolic readers, the YTHDF proteins, has changed substantially in recent years. The original view was that different m6A sites within an mRNA could have different functions depending on which YTHDF paralog was bound to it, with bound YTHDF1 inducing translation, while bound YTHDF2 induced mRNA degradation. As a result, each YTHDF was proposed to have unique physiologic roles that arise from their unique binding properties and regulatory effects on mRNA. More recent data have called much of this into question, showing that all m6A sites bind all YTHDF proteins with equal ability, with a single primary function of all three YTHDF proteins to mediate mRNA degradation. Here, we describe the diverse technical concerns that led to the original model being questioned and the newer data that overturned this model and led to the new understanding of m6A and YTHDF function. We also discuss how any remaining questions about the functions of the YTHDF proteins can be readily resolved.
ANÁLISE DO CONTROLE DO TRIBUNAL REGIONAL FEDERAL DA 5ª REGIÃO SOBRE ATOS DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2019 E 2021
Authors: Maciel Victor Gomes , Ferreira Kilvia Souza
Published: April 2024

Enquanto princípio constitucional, a autonomia universitária visa garantir a liberdade acadêmica em face das influências políticas, econômicas e religiosas. No entanto, é um conceito jurídico, impreciso e em constante evolução, o que pode deixar mais complexo o papel do Poder Judiciário de conferir efetividade a esse princípio. Este trabalho almeja identificar os parâmetros desse controle jurisdicional, utilizando a metodologia de análise de conteúdo de Bardin, tendo, como corpus da pesquisa, as ementas de acórdãos do Tribunal Regional Federal da 5ª Região sobre a autonomia universitária da Universidade Federal do Ceará, entre os anos de 2019 e 2021, visando verificar a ocorrência ou não de interferência institucional. Chegou-se à conclusão de que os parâmetros utilizados são sobretudo outros princípios constitucionais, especialmente o da legalidade (observado em 49% das ementas pesquisadas) e o da razoabilidade ou proporcionalidade (26%), resultando em larga margem de subjetividade. Em suma, observou-se pouca interferência na autonomia universitária.
Εφαρμογές μεθόδων εξόρυξης γνώσης και δομών δεδομένων στα κοινωνικά δίκτυα
Authors: Ρόμπολας Γεράσιμος
Published: April 2024

Η αυξανόμενη ανάγκη των επιχειρήσεων για την αποτελεσματική λήψη επιχειρηματικών αποφάσεων, έχει οδηγήσει τις επιχειρήσεις να στραφούν στην αναζήτηση αποδοτικών μεθόδων αξιοποίησης δεδομένων των μέσων κοινωνικής δικτύωσης. Η συγκεκριμένη έρευνα επικεντρώνεται συνεπώς στην αξιοποίηση αυτών των δεδομένων για την εξαγωγή πολύτιμων πληροφοριών που μπορούν να προωθήσουν την ανάπτυξη των επιχειρήσεων και να βελτιώσουν την ικανοποίηση των πελατών. Αξιοποιώντας καινοτόμες μεθοδολογίες που συνδυάζουν τεχνικές επεξεργασίας φυσικής γλώσσας και μηχανικής μάθησης, οι επιχειρήσεις μπορούν να διαχειρίζονται και να αναλύουν αποτελεσματικά την πληθώρα πληροφοριών που παράγεται από τους χρήστες στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης. Παράλληλα, η έρευνα μελετά τα χαρακτηριστικά της συμπεριφοράς και των συναισθημάτων των χρηστών, με σκοπό την μοντελοποίηση των δυναμικών σχέσεων που αναπτύσσονται μεταξύ καταναλωτών και επιχειρήσεων. Επιπλέον, ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στη σημασία του χρόνου στη διαχείριση των σχέσεων, η οποία επιτρέπει στις επιχειρήσεις να αξιολογούν εγκαίρως την κατάσταση των πελατειακών τους σχέσεων και να εφαρμόζουν αποτελεσματικές εκστρατείες μάρκετινγκ. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, παρουσιάζεται επίσης μία καινοτόμα μεθοδολογία για την αποδοτική ταξινόμηση χρονοσειρών των χρηστών σε κατηγορίες ρητορικής μίσους ή μη, με τη χρήση πολυδιάστατων δομών δεδομένων, όπου αξιοποιώντας τις χρονικές πληροφορίες και τη σημαντικότητα των χρηστών στα κοινωνικά δίκτυα, τα αποτελέσματα της ταξινόμησης βελτιώνονται. Επομένως, παρέχοντας μεθοδολογίες με τη χρήση τεχνικών μηχανικής μάθησης και δομών δεδομένων στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης, η παρούσα έρευνα συμβάλλει στην προώθηση των δυνατοτήτων λήψης αποφάσεων των επιχειρήσεων, εστιάζοντας στη σημασία της αποτελεσματικής διαχείρισης και ανάλυσης των δεδομένων των μέσων κοινωνικής δικτύωσης για την απόκτηση ανταγωνιστικού πλεονεκτήματος στο σημερινό δυναμικό τοπίο της αγοράς.
Optimizing Sulfur Emission Control Areas for Shipping
Authors: Zhen Lu , Zhuge Dan , Zhang Shuanglu , Wang Shuaian , Psaraftis Harilaos N.
Published: April 2024

The design of emission control areas (ECAs), including ECA width and sulfur limits, plays a central role in reducing sulfur emissions from shipping. To promote sustainable shipping, we investigate an ECA design problem that considers the response of liner shipping companies to ECA designs. We propose a mathematical programming model from the regulator’s perspective to optimize the ECA width and sulfur limit, with the aim of minimizing the total sulfur emissions. Embedded within this regulator’s model, we develop an internal model from the shipping liner’s perspective to determine the detoured voyage, sailing speed, and cargo transport volume with the aim of maximizing the liner’s profit. Then, we develop a tailored hybrid algorithm to solve the proposed models based on the variable neighborhood search meta-heuristic and a proposition. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology through extensive numerical experiments and conduct sensitivity analyses to investigate the effect of important ECA design parameters on the final performance. The proposed methodology is then extended to incorporate heterogeneous settings for sulfur limits, which can help regulators to improve ECA design in the future.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72025103, 71831008, 72201163, 72071173, 72371221, 72394360, 72394362, 72361137001 and HKSAR RGC TRS T32-707/22-N].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.0278 .
Implementation of Affine Group Algebra on Digital Image Security
Authors: Soekarta Rendra , Sigit Miftah
Published: April 2024

The concept of group theory has been applied to digital image security using the DES algorithm and wavelet transform. Affine Cipher algorithm was a symmetric cryptographic algorithm. This was initiated for studying further the implementation of the Affine group on the Affine transformation. More over, digital image used the Affine algorithm in security. The purpose of this paper was described the implementation of the existence of an Affine Group in the Affine transformation carried out in digital image cryptography. The concept of maintaining geometric shapes in Affinetransformations and bijective nature of each Affine transformation could be formed an Affine group.
Comparative Forensic Analysis of Android based Social Media Applications
Authors: Abbas Naveed Naeem , Zeerak Adeel Ahmed , Javaid Mohammad Awais , Hussain Mehdi
Published: April 2024

Smartphones are increasing worldwide rapidly. It works as a personal assistant that helps us master our everyday life. This is the reason why forensic experts always try to get the most crucial evidence from smartphones. While doing a forensic analysis of smartphones there is a need to identify the programs/files containing malicious actions or activity. Most of the users’ information resides inside the digital device and should be extracted carefully as it is needed for further users’ entity and behavior analytics. In this study, we used the most famous forensic tools MOBILedit and Autopsy for efficient extraction of potential evidence from the Android file system. The file system images from different android devices (rooted and unrooted) are extracted on multiple analyses (type-based, size-based). Additionally, a timeline of the log files has also been made, which can assist the investigator in locating any log files that were updated or altered at the scene of the crime by suspects or victims.
Forensic Artifact Discovery and Suspect Profiling through Google Assistant
Authors: Rahaman Abu Sayed Md. Mostafizur , Marzia Saiyeda , Arnob Tafsir Haque , Rahman Md.Zahidur , Akhter Jesmin
Published: April 2024

It has become impossible to imagine modern society without the internet and mobile devices dominating our daily lives. As a result, popular apps like Google Assistant, Gmail, Google Home, etc., are quietly entering our veins. People aren't even aware of how much of a digital footprint they leave behind, let alone the fact that it can be completely chronologized and used to put any criminal in jail.  The data that we intentionally send to Google is fully retrievable from both the client side (a mobile device) and the cloud. Even if a suspect changes his mobile device, his previous digital footprint still follows him wherever he goes. In this project, we pinpointed the location of the primary database and the major repository for Google Assistant. Here, forensic artifacts of interest from our inquiry have been revealed, including the timeline and copies of previously traded audio chats, as well as a record of deleted data. In addition to that, we have applied the K-means clustering algorithm to isolate the suspect’s voice records and their chronological order among various call records stored in the cloud, where the cluster size is determined using the Silhouette score and the CH index.  The findings of the research are to identify forensic artifacts and suspect profiling so that forensic investigators make it easier to conduct criminal investigations
Impact Analysis of Web Application Firewall on Website-Based Application Security (Case Study PPDB Kak Seto School Website)
Authors: Pratama Krisna Dewa , Anwar Nuril
Published: April 2024

The swift advancement of web-based applications has posed security challenges. Insufficient security awareness among web developers has resulted in a surge of cybercrime incidents due to website vulnerabilities. To counter this, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) is proposed for the vulnerable PPDB Sekolah Kak Seto website, aiming to mitigate threats in the public network. The WAF acts as a defense against potential cyber breaches. Employing an experimental approach, this research encompasses identification, observation, literature review, analysis of WAF system requirements, implementation, testing, and pre/post-implementation analysis using ModSecurity as the security system. The study analyzes the impact of WAF adoption and provides recommendations for enhancing security. Findings demonstrate WAF's effectiveness in fortifying the Kak Seto School web application by efficiently identifying and blocking potential attacks, thereby reducing breach success rates. Post-WAF implementation, Pingdom tests show a slight drop in Performance Grade (70 to 69) and a minor increase in Load Time (2.76 to 3.23 seconds). GTmetrix tests reveal a Grade downgrade from B to C and an increase in Largest Contentful Paint time (2.2 to 2.7 seconds). In conclusion, despite minor performance effects, WAF significantly enhances security, as evident in improved loading times during tests.
Depressive Symptoms and Mental Health of Military Social Service Personnel
Authors: Lee Min Sun , Lee Eun Jin
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study aims to find the mental health characteristics and factors affecting depressive symptoms in military social service personnel.Methods: This descriptive investigation retrospective cohort study analyzed secondary data of social service personnel at I City for five years from April 2016 to May 2020. The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-K, the Paranoia Scale, and the Reynolds Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire were used to examine the mental health of social service personnel.Results: Compared to the military social service personnel with no depression, depressed social service personnel were more paranoid (t=7.13, p<.001), and had more suicidal ideas (t=7.44, p<.001). Depressive symptoms had a significant positive correlation with alcohol use disorder scores (r=.262, p<.001), paranoid ideas (r=.594, p<.01), and suicidal ideas (r=.594, p<.01). Alcohol use disorder scores (β=.16, t=2.86, p=.005), paranoid scores (β=.30, t=4.34, p<.001), and suicidal ideas (β=.42, t=5.95, p<.001) predicted depressive symptoms (R2=.49, p<.001).Conclusion: Alcohol addiction, paranoid ideas, and suicidal ideas were found to be factors that affect depressive symptoms in military social service personnel.
Enhancing Drug Users’ Mental Health by Decriminalizing Drug Use: Insights from In-Depth Interviews with Drug Rehabilitation Officers and Relapsed Drug Users
Authors: Paramjit Singh Jamir Singh , Azlinda Azman , Shankar Durairaja , Mohd Syaiful Nizam Abu Hassan , Farah Wahida Suhaimi
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Decriminalisation of drug use is an alternative policy that many experts, including health experts, legal and enforcement experts, and stakeholders in non-government organisations (NGOs), uphold. In Malaysia, this policy was initiated in 2019 by the government to remove criminal penalties from various laws against drug possession for personal use. This study aimed to explore perceptions of drug rehabilitation officers and relapsed drug users towards decriminalising drug use that could be implemented in Malaysia. This qualitative research used an inductive approach.Methods: This study used a semi-structured, face-to-face individual interview guide. A total of 15 drug rehabilitation officers from the National Anti-Drug Agency (NADA) and 15 relapsed drug users were interviewed.Results: Thematic analysis generated three themes from raw transcripts: (1) potential outcomes of decriminalisation of drug use in Malaysia, (2) readiness of the public to accept decriminalisation of drug use, and (3) readiness of government and NADA in implementing decriminalisation of drug use.Conclusion: Findings of this explorative research provide important insight into the growing body of knowledge on decriminalisation of drug use policy in Malaysia.
Factors Affecting Depression in College Students who were Confirmed with COVID-19
Authors: Gu Minkyung
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to confirm the prevalence of depression among college students as a result of the aftereffects of COVID-19, and to examine the influence of interpersonal competence, positive psychological capital, resilience, and family support on depression.Methods: A survey was conducted involving 238 college students aged 20 or older who had tested positive for COVID-19. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using the SPSS/WIN 27.0 Program, and odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.Results: Among the students diagnosed with COVID-19 in this study, those who received an allowance (OR=1.23, p=.035), engaged in alcohol consumption (OR=1.84, p=.027), and played online games (OR=2.17, p<.001) were found to have higher levels of depression as a result of the aftereffects of COVID-19. Additionally, a lack of interpersonal competence (OR=2.12, p<.001), positive psychological capital (OR=2.43, p=.037), and family support (OR=1.56, p=.038) had a greater impact on depression among students experiencing the aftereffects of COVID-19.Conclusion: Active interest and intervention from colleges and relevant organizations are necessary to address the various challenges faced by college students in the aftermath of COVID-19, and to meet their diverse needs in stressful situations.
Factors Associated with Turnover Intention Among Hospital Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lim Ji Young , Kim Geun Myun , Kim Eun Joo
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of nurses’ turnover intention in existing studies.Methods: A literature search was conducted in two rounds. The first round was performed on December 16, 2018. The search period was from January 1, 2008, to December 16, 2018, and involved seven databases: MEDLINE and EMBASE, which are international academic databases, and KoreaMed, KERIS, KISS, KISTI, and KMbase, which are domestic academic databases. The second search round was performed on July 2, 2022. The search period was from 2019 to 2022.Results: Fifty-three variables associated with turnover intention were identified in articles in the first round, with significantly associated work- and organization-related parameters, including burnout, emotional labor, job stress, role conflict, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Thirty-eight variables were identified in the second round, with mental and psychological parameters, including mental health and psychological capital, having a more significant influence.Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used to prevent the turnover of hospital nurses and develop strategies for retaining excellent and professional hospital nurses.
The Impact of COVID-19 Stress, Interpersonal Relations, and Information Literacy on the Adaptation of Nursing Students to College Life
Authors: Jung Miran , Yim So Youn , Ryu Young Mi
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Rapid changes have occurred in the educational environment of colleges since the outbreak of COVID-19. This study was conducted to determine the factors influencing college life adaptation for nursing students.Methods: The participants included 124 nursing students. A self-administered online questionnaire, available from March 30 to April 10, 2022, was used for data collection. The online questionnaires included COVID-19 stress, interpersonal relations, information literacy, and college life adaptation. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis.Results: The average score for adapting to college life was 3.32±0.58. Significant differences in college life adaptation were found based on the number of exercise days per week (F=3.62, p=.015), regular daily routine (t=-3.41, p<.001), amount of sleep (t=-3.61, p<.001), sleep quality (t=-3.90, p<.001), and diagnostic self evaluation (F=19.55, p<.001). Factors that influenced college life adaptation included interpersonal relations (β=.36, p<.001), diagnostic self evaluation (good) (β=.48, p<.001), diagnostic self evaluation (fair) (β=.38, p=.005), and COVID-19 stress (β=-.11, p=.027), which explained 38.0% of the college life adaptation.Conclusion: Development of a program that integrates interpersonal relations, diagnostic self- evaluation, and COVID-19 stress for nursing students is recommended to improve college life adaptation.
The Role of Seasonal Influenza in Compounding the Outbreak of Infectious Diseases: A Critical Review
Authors: Hudu Shuaibu Abdullahi , Jimoh Abdulgafar Olayiwola , Alqtaitat Aiman , lmigdadi Fayig E-
Published: April 2024

Infectious diseases continue to pose a persistent threat to public health globally. Amidst the array of factors contributing to the complexity of infectious disease outbreaks, the role of seasonal influenza stands out as a significant amplifier. Seasonal influenza, commonly known as the flu, not only inflicts its burden on communities but also plays a crucial role in compounding the spread and impact of other infectious diseases. This review delves into the various ways in which seasonal influenza contributes to the complexity of infectious disease outbreaks. The role of seasonal influenza in compounding the outbreak of infectious diseases is a multifaceted challenge that demands attention from public health authorities worldwide. Addressing this compounding effect requires a holistic approach that encompasses vaccination campaigns, strengthened healthcare infrastructure, and improved diagnostic capabilities. By understanding and mitigating the various ways in which seasonal influenza contributes to the complexity of infectious disease outbreaks, communities can enhance their resilience and responsiveness in the face of evolving public health threats. Recognizing and understanding these dynamics is essential for designing effective public health strategies. By implementing comprehensive vaccination programs, improving diagnostic capabilities, and enhancing overall preparedness, communities can better navigate the complexities of infectious disease outbreaks exacerbated by the presence of seasonal influenza.
Evaluation of the Antifungal Activity of Fluconazole Nanovesicles Against Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Osman Ahmed L. , . Altoum Abd Elgadir A , Shadroch Devapriya Finney , Babker Asaad MA. , Elashmouny Hesham , Hassan Nourhan Khaled , El-Dahmy Rania Moataz , Haider Mohamed , Elsayed Ibrahim
Published: April 2024

Fluconazole is potent triazole drug used as effectively anti-fungal for treating a variety of local and systemic fungal infections. This drug is sparingly soluble in water. The objective of this research was to statistically optimize nanovesicular formulations contain fluconazole to improve its antifungal effect. The nanovesicular formulations were composed of Tween® 80, cetyl alcohol, and chitosan. The prepared nanovesicular formulations were investigated for their zeta potential, polydispersity index, particle size, and encapsulation efficiency. The nanovesicular that has been optimized formulation was consist of tween/cetyl alcohol ratio of 15:1 and 0.1% chitosan. Additionally, the optimized formulation increased significantly in fluconazole release ratio and extent in comparison to the suspension form of the drug. The find that fluconazole nanovesicles had a better effect and lower MIC when compared to the aqueous fluconazole suspension. Finally, the optimized nanovesicles can be considered a promising nanocarrier for delivery of fluconazole to increase its systemic antifungal efficacy.