bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN AGROFORESTRI BALSA (Ochroma pyramidale) ) dengan PISANG (Musa paradisiaca L) dan KOPI (Coffea robusta) di DESA HINAS KIRI Kec. BATANG ALAI TIMUR
Authors: Maulana Akhmad Gilang , Hafizianor Hafizianor , Naemah Dina
Published: November 2024

Balsa merupakan salah satu tanaman kehutanan yang yang dikembangkan di Desa Hinas Kiri sebagai tanaman agroforestri. Analisis perkembangan tanaman balsa dari sudut silvikultur perlu dilakukan lebih dalam guna mengetahui pertumbuhan tanaman pada tanaman balsa tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pengamatan terhadap beberapa parameter yaitu  pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang pada tanaman balsa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sensus pada seluruh tanaman balsa yang berada pada lokasi penelitian serta wawancara dengan pengelola terkait mengenai budidaya tanaman balsa tersebut. Secara keseluruhan rata-rata pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman  balsa dengan umur tanam ± 2 tahun sebanyak 273 batang tanaman balsa adalah 15,2 m dan diameter 13,6 cm Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman balsa yang ditanam dalam sistem agroforestri dapat memiliki pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tanaman balsa yang ditanam dalam sistem monokultur. Contoh penelitian yang dilakukan Vilchec et al pada tahun 2015 di Kosta Rika menunjukkan bahwa tanaman balsa yang ditanam dalam sistem agroforestri dengan kakao dan kopi memiliki pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tanaman balsa yang ditanam dalam sistem monokultur. Hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang tanaman yang ditanam di area agroforestri. Selain itu, ketersediaan hara dan suhu tanah di area agroforestri juga lebih baik, sehingga dapat mempercepat pertumbuhan Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem agroforestri dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif yang efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman balsa di daerah tropis. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi mengenai peluang keberhasilan pertumbuhan balsa dengan menganalisis pola tanam dan pertumbuhan tanaman balsa dengan menggunakan sistem agroforestri.
SIFAT FISIKA POT ORGANIK DARI CAMPURAN LIMBAH KULIT KAYU GALAM (Melaleuca leucadendron), TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis), ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) DAN PUPUK ORGANIK Physical Properties Organic Pots Made of Mixed Galam Bark (Melaleuca leucadendron), Empty Palm Bunches (Elaeis guineensis), Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), and Organic Fertilizer
Authors: Arianti Risa , Violet Violet , Rahmadi Adi
Published: November 2024

Organic-based seedling media containers can be one way to reduce the use of plastic polybags which are very difficult to decompose after use. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical properties and organoleptic tests of organic pots from a mixture of galam bark waste, oil palm empty fruit bunches, water hyacinth, and organic fertilizers. The research method used is Factorial Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 2 additional treatments with 3 replications. The results of organic pot testing for moisture content ranged from 65.45%-125.69%. The density value ranged from 0.23 g/cm3-0.31 g/cm3. The water absorption value ranged from 159.09%-197.70%. The results of the organic pot organoleptic test based on color and texture preferences were highest in the A3B2 treatment, light brown in color with a rough texture. Wadah media semai berbahan dasar organik yang dapat menjadi salah satu cara pengurangan penggunaan polybag plastik yang sangat sulit terurai setelah digunakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui sifat fisika dan uji organoleptik pot organik dari campuran limbah kulit kayu galam, tandan kosong kelapa sawit, eceng gondok, dan pupuk organik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 3 perlakuan dan 2 perlakuan tambahan dengan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil pengujian pot organik untuk kadar air berkisar antara 65,45%–125,69%. Nilai kerapatan berkisar antara 0,23 g/cm3–0,31 g/cm3. Nilai daya serap air berkisar antara 159,09%–197,70%. Hasil dari uji organoleptik pot organik berdasarkan kesukaan warna dan tekstur tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan A3B2 warna cokelat muda dengan tekstur kasar.
KUALITAS BRIKET ARANG CAMPURAN BAMBU ATER (Gigantochloa atter) LIMBAH KULINER LAMANG DAN ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes)
Authors: Khoirunsyah Atha Rico , Yuniarti Yuniarti , Lusyiani Lusyiani
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas briket campuran arang bambu limbah kuliner lamang dan eceng gondok yang meliputi kadar air, kerapatan, kadar abu, zat terbang, karbon terikat dan nilai kalor. Prosedur penelitian meliputi pengarangan, pembuatan serbuk dan penyaringan, pembuatan perekat, pencetakan dan pengempaan serta pengeringan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa briket arang dengan komposisi bambu limbah lamang dan eceng gondok dengan konsentrasi perekat 15% masih belum mencukupi nilai standar Amerika (ASTM) dengan kata lain kualitas masih belum memenuhi standar pasar, dengan nilai kadar air berkisar 12,34-20,99%, kadar abu 9,25-51,47%, zat terbang 23,57-51,66%, nilai karbon 6,33-32,33% dan kalor sebesar 2884-4599 kal/g. Penelitian briket dengan bahan baku bambu limbah lamang dan eceng gondok harus dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut atau dilakukan pengujian ulang dengan jumlah komposisi perekat yang berbeda. Selain itu disarankan pengeringan bahan baku harus benar-benar kering sehingga kadar air tidak tinggi.
Optimizing After-Sales Software Maintenance in Plugin Architecture
Authors: Sudakov Vladimir Anatolievich , Shabliy Alexey Denisovich
Published: November 2024

Cost optimization is a pressing issue in modern software development and after-sales service. The paper considers optimization of the cost of after-sales service for a plug-in system. The problem of optimal decomposition of functionality is solved under the condition of its delivery in different configurations. A mathematical model is developed that optimizes the distribution of source code files among plug-ins based on the criterion of the minimum cost of after-sales service for the requirements they implement. A software implementation of the model in the Python programming language using the Pyomo module is proposed. A series of computational experiments are performed to solve the optimization problem using various solvers in order to find optimal parameter values and estimate the operating time.
Numerical-analytical optimization of orientation algorithms on a spherical model of angular motion of a rigid body
Authors: Plaksiy Yuriy
Published: November 2024

The problem of numerical-analytical optimization of three algorithms for determining orientation quaternions due to refinement of coefficients in the structure of algorithms is considered. Of them, two algorithms use the orientation vector as an "intermediate parameter". The coefficients are refined on the basis of computer modeling and the minimization of the error of the accumulated computational drift using the analytical reference model of the spherical motion of a rigid body as a model rotational motion in a sequence of Krylov angles that change over time according to a linear law. For this, the test motion model is supplemented by modeling ideal information from the outputs of the angular velocity sensors in the form of quasi-coordinates using analytical formulas for the apparent rotation vector. It is shown that the accumulated error of computational drift on the proposed reference model of rotary motion has a linear law of growth with time for all algorithms under consideration. As a result of the numerical experiment, new values ​​of the coefficients in the structures of the algorithms were obtained, which minimize the error of the accumulated drift and improve the characteristics of the trend of this error. The carried out optimization leads to a decrease by an order of magnitude of the maximum error value and a change in the linearly growing nature of the dependence of the calculation drift error on time to an oscillatory one. The results of the computational experiment are given.
Experimental Investigation on the Evolution of Physicochemical Properties and Dissolution Mechanism of High-Siliceous Shale with Acid Treatment
Authors: Ning Qi , Xuesong Li , Xuhang Su , Yixin Lu , Haoran Zou , Nan Guo
Published: November 2024

The investigation of the influence of acidification conditions on the modification patterns of shale and the mechanisms of shale acidification processes is an indispensable aspect of further development within the field of shale acidizing theory. Prior research on shale acidizing has predominantly used hydrochloric acid (HCl) and carbonate-rich shale, which has restricted the scope of application for shale acidizing techniques and has not thoroughly examined the reaction kinetics of acid-rock interactions under reservoir conditions. This study focuses on siliceous shale, utilizing hydrogen fluoride (HF) in rotating disk experiments to assess the kinetic parameters of acid-rock reactions under varying acidification conditions, including duration, concentration, temperature, bedding direction, and acid flow velocity. Key influencing factors such as time, temperature, concentration, and experimental methods were selected for a comprehensive analysis, incorporating mineral composition [X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS)], microstructure (SEM), pore medium characteristics [mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (LNA)], surface morphology (3D laser scanning), and nanoindentation testing (NIT). The findings confirm the positive role of acid treatment in enhancing the permeability of shale oil and gas and in softening the reservoir rock, while also indicating potential negative impacts on hydrocarbon extraction, such as the formation of precipitated byproducts and the exfoliation of rock layers. This paper investigates the patterns of influence of HF acidizing parameters on siliceous shale and elucidates the mechanisms of action in shale acidification transformations, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the modification of shale oil and gas reservoirs.
Acceptability of an online peer support group as a strategy to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among young people in Kampala District, Uganda: qualitative findings
Authors: Kiirya Yerusa , Kitaka Sabrina , Kalyango Joan , Rujumba Joseph , Amoaka Gloria Adobea Odei Obeng , Amollo Mathew , Nangendo Joan , Karamagi Charles , Musooke Philipa , Katahoire Anne
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Peer support groups may contribute to adherence and play a role in decreasing stigma to antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among young people living with HIV (YPLHIV). However, peer support activities usually occur face-to-face in Uganda and elsewhere in Sub-Saharan Africa, and thus have structural limitations and may not be readily available when young people need them. Online peer support has the potential to help YPLHIV access regular psychosocial support without significant effort or cost. We assessed the acceptability of a WhatsApp-based peer support group as a strategy to improve ART adherence among Ugandan YPLHIV.
Methods
We conducted a formative qualitative study in three health facilities in Kampala, Uganda, between July and August 2022. We held four focus group discussions with twenty-six YPLHIV seeking services at the study facilities. We also conducted six key informant interviews with health providers attached to adolescent HIV care clinics. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis guided by the acceptability framework to understand socio-cultural beliefs and perceptions towards utilizing WhatsApp-based peer support groups for HIV care.
Results
Overall, the peer support group on WhatsApp was acceptable for use among YPLHIV. The young people regarded it as convenient because it would save time and would be more cost-effective compared to the transport costs of in-person meetings. Health providers revealed that the WhatsApp peer support group could reduce the stigma associated with community follow-up for non-adhering young people and empower YPLHIV to overcome stigma. Both the young people and health providers suggested that online peer support could provide accessible emotional support, which could improve YPLHIV's psychosocial well-being and enhance adherence to ART. However, participants raised concerns about privacy, the cost of internet bundles, and smartphones, especially for younger adolescents.
Conclusion
Online peer support groups are acceptable to Ugandan YPLHIV and hold promise in enhancing psychosocial support and improving treatment adherence in this sub-population. In implementing online support groups, due consideration should be given to software tools with high privacy standards and zero-rated data use for new apps. Research is needed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of this peer support model in Uganda.
Bioprospecting of endophytic bacteria for enhancing plant growth and its effect on the growth and productivity of betel leaf plants
Authors: Shabong Khamtilin , Kayang Highland
Published: November 2024

A total of 27 endophytic bacteria isolated from betel leaves were screened for PGP traits using both qualitative and quantitative methods under invitroconditions. All bacterial isolates demonstrated positive results for IAA production, phosphate solubilization, ammonia production, siderophore production, pectinase, lipase, amylase activity, although they show variable result in hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production. Specifically, the bacteria produced IAA in the range of 1.7 to 224.7 µg/ml, solubilized phosphate between 17.8 and 35.17 µg/ml, produced ammonia in concentrations of 0.14 to 0.51 µmol/ml, and exhibited siderophore production ranging from 38.92% to 71.9%. The bacterial isolates were also tested for their tolerance to different pH levels, salt concentrations and temperature. Four top bacterial isolates were selected based on their superior PGP traits, identified through 16S rRNA gene analysis as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus velezensis, Enterobacter cloacae and Serratia marcescens. Among these, Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed the most significant enhancement of all growth parameters in betel plants under greenhouse conditions. This research aims to identify potent strains of endophytic bacteria from Piper betle L. that exhibit a broad range of in vitro plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics and to assess their effectiveness in promoting plant growth in vivo through greenhouse experiments.
Genome-wide association studies in lettuce reveal the interplay of seed age, color, and germination under high temperatures
Authors: Oh Sookyung , Ahn Ezekiel , Shi Ainong , Mou Beiquan , Park Sunchung
Published: November 2024

Thermoinhibition, the suppression of seed germination by high temperatures, is an adaptive trait that ensures successful seedling establishment in natural environments. While beneficial for wild plants, thermoinhibition can adversely affect crop yields due to uneven and reduced germination rates, particularly in the face of climate change. To understand the genetic basis of thermoinhibition, we conducted a comprehensive genetic analysis of a diverse panel of Lactuca spp. accessions. Our findings revealed that L. serriola, a wild ancestor of cultivated lettuce, showed relaxed thermoinhibition response compared to cultivated lettuce, suggesting that this trait may have been positively selected during early domestication in the Mediterranean region with hot, dry summers. Additionally, we found that thermoinhibition intensified with seed age and was less pronounced in dark-colored seeds. Genome-wide association studies identified genomic regions associated with thermoinhibition, including genes involved in ethylene and ABA signaling. Interestingly, some of these regions were also linked to seed color, suggesting a potential genetic coupling between black seed color and reduced thermoinhibition. These results highlighted the complex interplay between thermoinhibition, seed color, and domestication in lettuce, indicating a complicated nature of thermoinhibition regulation. By elucidating the genetic architecture of thermoinhibition, our study provides a valuable foundation for breeding strategies to enhance lettuce resilience to climate change.
Analysis of risk factors and language rehabilitation nursing strategies for CMS after pediatric medulloblastoma surgery
Authors: Ruifang ZHU , Liyun ZHONG , Tong WANG , Huan Wang , Jian GONG
Published: November 2024

Objective To investigate the occurrence of CMS in children with medulloblastoma after surgery and analyze its risk factors.
Methods The clinical data of 217 children with medulloblastoma who underwent tumor resection in pediatric neurosurgery of comprehensive first- class hospital in Beijing from April 2019 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the consensus of Iceland Delphi, CMS was diagnosed. According to whether CMS occurred after surgery, they were divided into CMS group and non CMS group, Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for CMS in children with medulloblastoma after surgery.
Results Out of 217 children with medulloblastoma, 36 developed CMS after surgery, with an incidence rate of 16.6%. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that tumor infiltration into the pons, supratentorial hydrocephalus, and intraoperative blood transfusion were risk factors for postoperative CMS in children with medulloblastoma.
Conclusion The incidence of CMS in children with medulloblastoma after surgery is relatively high. Tumor infiltration into the pons, supratentorial hydrocephalus, and intraoperative blood transfusion can diagnose the occurrence of CMS in children with medulloblastoma after surgery. Nursing staff should pay attention to the mutism symptoms of children with medulloblastoma after surgery, and implement early language rehabilitation nursing interventions.
Dust removal on solar panels of exploration rovers using Chladni patterns
Authors: Cho Hyunsung , Woo Jungyu , Park Junyeong , Lee Jinung , Cho Seongpil
Published: November 2024

The buildup of dust on solar panels has significantly reduced the operational lifespan and mission performance of exploration rovers, and traditional dust removal techniques have proven inadequate for the Martian environment. The present study proposes a novel method for removing dust from the solar panels of Mars exploration rovers using Chladni patterns, addressing the persistent issue of efficiency loss due to Martian dust accumulation. To overcome these challenges, the proposed method leveraged Chladni patterns, generated by specific frequencies, to effectively clear dust from the panels. We conducted experiments that identified optimal frequencies, frequency sequences, and plate shapes for dust removal, demonstrating the method's effectiveness. In conclusion, our approach not only enhances the efficiency of solar panels but also has the potential to improve the overall performance and longevity of Mars exploration missions.
Brain iron deposition and cognitive decline in patients with cerebral small vessel disease : A quantitative susceptibility mapping study
Authors: Gao Yian , Liang Changhu , Zhang Qihao , Zhuang Hangwei , Sui Chaofan , Zhang Nan , Feng Mengmeng , Xin Haotian , Guo Lingfei , Wang Yi
Published: November 2024

Background: Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) can study the susceptibility values of brain tissue which allows for noninvasive examination of local brain iron levels in both normal and pathological conditions.
Purpose: Our study compares brain iron deposition in gray matter (GM) nuclei between cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients and healthy controls (HCs), exploring factors that affect iron deposition and cognitive function.
Materials and Methods: A total of 321 subjects were enrolled in this study. All subjects had cognitive examination including the Stroop color word test (SCWT) and MRI including multiecho gradient echo (mGRE) sequence. The patients with CSVD were divided into mild to moderate group (CSVD-M, total CSVD score≤1) and severe group (CSVD-S, total CSVD score>1). Morphology-enabled dipole inversion with an automated uniform cerebrospinal fluid zero reference algorithm (MEDI+0) was used to generate brain QSM maps from mGRE data. Deep gray regional susceptibility values and cognitive function were compared among three groups (CSVD-S, CSVD-M, and HC) using multiple linear regression analysis and mediation effect analysis.
Results: There were significant differences in the SCWT scores and mean susceptibility values of the globus pallidus (GP), putamen (Put), and caudate nucleus (CN) among the three groups (P<0.05, FDR correction). Age had a significant positive impact on the susceptibility values of GP (p=0.018), Put (p<0.001), and CN (p<0.001). A history of diabeteshad a significant positive influence on the susceptibility values of Put (p=0.011) and CN (p<0.001). A smoking history had a significant positive association with the susceptibility values of CN (p=0.019). Mediation effect analysis demonstrated that iron deposition in the neostriatum partially mediated the relationship between hypertension and cognitive function. Age, diabetes, and smoking may increase iron deposition in the basal ganglia, associated with cognitive decline. The mean susceptibility values of the neostriatumplayed a mediating role in the association between hypertension and cognitive scores.
Conclusions: Age, diabetes, and smoking are associated with increased iron deposition in the basal ganglia and also linked to cognitive decline. This can help with understanding CSVD and its prevention and treatment.
The Role of m6A Methylation Genes in Predicting Poor Prognosis in Sepsis: Identifying Key Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Wang Shaokang , Shen Siye , Cheng Na , Zhou Wenjun , Yu Weili , Liang Daiyun , Cao Lijun , Zhang Pinjie , Lu Zhonghua , Sun Yun
Published: November 2024

Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death among seriously ill patients worldwide, affecting more than 30 million people annually and accounting for 1–2% of hospitalizations. By analyzing GEO data set, this study explored the relationship between m6A methylation gene and poor prognosis of sepsis, aiming at early detection of poor prognosis and providing basis for timely intervention, so as to improve the survival rate of patients. GSE54514 transcriptome data were extracted from the GEO database for 31 patients with sepsis death and 72 patients without death. Key genes were screened by DEGs, LASSO and RF algorithms, and then METTL3, WTAP and RBM15 were further verified by qRT-PCR. The constructed nomogram model showed high accuracy in predicting death. These three genes are mainly involved in chemokine signaling pathway, differentiation of monocytes and T cells, and phagocytosis of immune cells. Through the analysis of three immune infiltrations, the identification of m6A subtype, and the survival ratio of clinical samples, it was found that the probability of immunosuppression with high m6A score subtype was lower and the survival rate was higher. Finally, through the study of inhibition of METTL3 gene in mouse sepsis model, the protective effect of METTL3 in sepsis was demonstrated by spleen cell flow cytometry analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and HE staining. These findings provide potential biomarkers and targets for early precision diagnosis and treatment.
From awareness to action: the mediating role of plagiarism avoidance techniques in upholding academic integrity and ensuring legal and institutional consequences
Authors: Habiba Umme , Shadek Md. Shebly
Published: November 2024

This research explores the intricate relationship between awareness of plagiarism, using plagiarism prevention techniques, and promoting the academic integrity of university students. The study also investigates the mediating role of techniques to avoid plagiarism in ensuring academic integrity and Institutional consequences. Data was collected from students enrolled at Noakhali Science and Technology University, a public university in Bangladesh, through an online survey. The questionnaire was distributed via email invitations and chat groups. The researchers employed the SmartPLS-4 software to implement Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) techniques. The results indicated that a significant proportion of participants, namely N = 152, exhibited an understanding and awareness of the concept of 'plagiarism.' Furthermore, the results showed that graduate students, i.e., N = 124 had the highest percentage of awareness. Measurement model evaluation demonstrated that each construct had Cronbach's alpha values over 0.700, indicating a strong level of internal consistency. Furthermore, the average extracted variance (AVE) exceeded 0.500, demonstrating strong convergent validity across all constructs. In addition, a multicollinearity analysis revealed that all indicator Variance Inflation Factors (VIFs) were below 5, indicating the absence of any multicollinearity problems. Furthermore, the mediation analysis yielded compelling evidence to support hypotheses and highlighting the crucial function of techniques to avoid plagiarism as a mediator in these connections. A drawback of this study is its exclusive concentration on a solitary public university in Bangladesh. Furthermore, the survey had a limited number of participants. To improve the thoroughness and usefulness of this research, it would be necessary to broaden the scope by including a more comprehensive range of students from other universities across Bangladesh.
Management of Asynchronous Multifocal Adult Glioblastoma with Loss of BRAFV600E-Mutant Clonality: A Case Report
Authors: Haile Hannah , Upadhyayula Pavan S. , Karlovich Esma , Sisti Michael B. , Gill Brian J. A. , Donovan Laura E.
Published: November 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM) classification involves a combination of histological and molecular signatures, including IDH1/2 mutation, TERT promoter mutation, and EGFR amplification. Non-canonical mutations such as BRAFV600E, found in 1–2% of GBMs, activate the MEK-ERK signaling pathway. This mutation can be targeted by small molecule inhibitors, offering therapeutic potential for GBM. In this case report, we describe the management of a 67-year-old male with BRAFV600E -mutant GBM, who experienced both local clonal and distant non-clonal BRAFV600E -mutant recurrences. Initial treatment involved surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide (TMZ). Subsequent recurrences were managed with re-resection and dabrafenib/trametinib combination therapy. Notably, a new, non-clonal BRAFV600E -negative tumor developed in a distant location, highlighting the challenge of clonal evolution and resistance in GBM management. The patient’s disease ultimately progressed despite multiple lines of therapy, including targeted inhibition. Identifying mechanisms of resistance and tailoring flexible treatment approaches are essential for advancing outcomes in BRAFV600E -mutant GBM. This case emphasizes the value of molecular profiling in personalizing treatment for patients with multifocal disease. The evolving nature of these tumors requires persistent clinical monitoring and treatment adjustments based on tissue diagnostics.
Preoperative NLR value as a predictor of recurrence of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Ivanić Davor , Đug Haris , Jagodić Samed , Mujagić Svjetlana , Delibegović Samir
Published: November 2024

Purpose: To predict oncological outcomes and select appropriate treatments for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), pre-treatment predictors such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are being used. This study aims to evaluate whether NLR is an independent predictor of disease and disease recurrence in NMIBC patients.
Methods: In this prospective clinical study, from March 2018 - March 2023, preoperative NLR values were monitored in 99 patients newly diagnosed with NMIBC, who were initially treated with trans-urethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and adjuvant intravesical therapy. To evaluate the best NLR cut-off points to predict recurrence, the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve and the Youden index were used. The monitoring period was 24 months.
Results: With the cut-off value of NLR=1.73, there is a statistically significant correlation (p=0.008) between the NLR value and the increased risk of recurrence. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis show the significant prognostic impact of NLR on the recurrence of the disease.
Conclusion: The value of NLR>1.73 is a significant preoperative predictor in risk assessment and will help with proper selection of treatment in high-risk group patients.
A comprehensive review of deep learning-based hyperspectral image reconstruction for agri-food quality appraisal
Authors: Ahmed Md. Toukir , Monjur Ocean , Khaliduzzaman Alin , Kamruzzaman Mohammed
Published: November 2024

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has recently emerged as a promising tool for various agricultural applications. However, high equipment cost, instrumentation complexity, and data-intensive nature have limited its widespread adoption. To overcome these challenges, reconstructing hyperspectral data from simple, cost-effective color or RGB (red-green-blue) images using advanced deep learning algorithms offers a practically attractive solution for a wide range of applications in food quality control and assurance. Through advanced deep learning algorithms, it is possible to capture and reconstruct spectral information from simple, cost-effective RGB imaging to create a reliable, efficient, and scalable system with accuracy comparable to dedicated, expensive HSI systems. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in deep learning techniques for HSI reconstruction and highlights the transformative impact of deep learning-based hyperspectral image reconstruction on agricultural and food products and anticipates a future where these innovations will lead to more advanced and widespread applications in the agri-food industry.
Cassia polysaccharide regulates the effect of PAX6 low expression on myopia through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Jincheng Luo , Doudou Li , Jialin Li , Xuewei Sun , Xue Wang , Hongbin Qiu , Peixuan Li
Published: November 2024

Objective: Aimed to explore the protective effects of cassia polysaccharides on myopia by examining their influence on ARPE-19 cells with reduced PAX6 expression.
Methods: ARPE-19 cell line with diminished PAX6 expression was established using a lentiviral approach and addition of XAV-939, an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin. We assessed the expression of genes and proteins involved in the Wnt/β-catenin, scleral remodeling, and cell cycle regulation following treatment with cassia polysaccharides. Gene and protein expression were quantified using RT-PCR and Western blot analyses, respectively. Additionally, the migratory capabilities of these cells were evaluated using a scratch assay.
Results: Optimal transduction was achieved with an MOI of 20, successfully generating a stable ARPE-19 cell line with low PAX6 expression. Cassia polysaccharides did not significantly alter the expression of Wnt2 compared to control groups. Similarly, when treated with XAV-939, β-catenin levels were modified in the PAX6-shRNA and XAV-939 but remained unchanged in the cassia polysaccharide. Scleral remodeling markers, including MMP-2 and TGF-β, were elevated, and COL1A1 was decreased in the PAX6-shRNA, with no significant changes observed in the cassia polysaccharide. Cell cycle analysis indicated reduced CDK1 and PCNA levels in the PAX6-shRNA, with cassia polysaccharides showing no significant effect. Scratch assay results demonstrated slower wound healing in the PAX6-shRNA compared to controls over 72h, with no significant differences observed in the cassia polysaccharide.
Conclusion: Cassia polysaccharides may mitigate ARPE-19 cell damage induced by low PAX6 expression through modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin, potentially slowing the progression of myopia and offering a protective effect on vision.
The impact of digital finance on the income growth in middle- and low-income rural households: Evidence from China
Authors: Yu Guohua
Published: November 2024

Digital finance (DIF) is developing rapidly in China, and its popularization has brought new hope for farmers’ income growth. DIF can quickly, proactively, and comprehensively grasp the financial needs of farmers, which is conducive to expanding the scope of inclusive financial services, reducing the threshold for inclusive financial services, and changing their disadvantaged positions in the financial market. With poverty alleviation victory in China, achieving income growth in middle- and low-income rural households will become an essential task for the Chinese government. Promoting income growth in middle- and low-income rural households cannot be achieved without effective support from DIF. We investigate the impact of DIF on the income growth in rural middle- and low-income households by matching the CHFS (China Household Finance Survey) data with the Peking University DIF data in 2019. The study shows that: (1) DIF significantly promotes the income growth of rural middle- and low-income households. (2) DIF significantly impacts rural households’ operational and property income growth. (3) Improving the coverage and depth of DIF can significantly promote income growth in rural middle- and low-income households. (4) Rural households with higher financial and digital literacy are better able to achieve income growth. The above conclusions are robust after fully considering the different methods of measurement as well as interference factors, such as omitted variables and mutual causality.
JEL classification: D31, E44, G21
Impacts of Incentive Factors on Turnover Intention Among Chinese Primary Healthcare Providers: The Mediation Role of Job Burnout
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Xiaoting , Qiu Lijuan , Li Min , Chen Ren , Yan Jing , Cheng Jing , Wang Li , Zhang Yan , Ding Hong , Chen Guimei
Published: November 2024

The high turnover rate of primary medical personnel has been a noteworthy issue among primary healthcare services system, which is essential to improving the quality of medical and health service. The impacts of incentive factors such as salary, benefits and promotion opportunities on the turnover intention of primary healthcare providers have been found, but the results were inconsistent. How incentive factors affect turnover intention needs to be further explored to present potential reasons for these inconsistent research results above. Based on Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation, the relationship between incentive factors including hygiene and motivation factors on turnover intention with the mediation effect of job burnout and the moderating effect of perceived social support were tested to better clarify this potential formation mechanism. A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was applied with a total sample of 1,112 primary healthcare providers from Anhui, China. Finally, the findings indicated that hygiene factors and motivation factors were directly negatively associated with turnover intention. Job burnout mediated the relationship between hygiene factors and turnover intention, whereas does not mediate the relationship between motivation factors and turnover intention was insignificant. It is interesting that the interaction terms of perceived social support and motivation factors negatively affected job burnout. Thus, it is necessary to appropriately utilize incentive factors and social support to alleviate primary healthcare providers' job burnout and reduce their turnover intention to improve the quality of primary healthcare service.
Fracture field evolution law of mining overburden rock under double-roof-cutting and retaining roadway conditions: a physical analog model and numerical simulation
Authors: Lv Xiaobo , Hu Shengyong , Nian Jun , Deng Chunsheng , Zhao Bo , He Cheng , Wang Yansheng , Zhang Xitu , Zhang Wei
Published: November 2024

This study comprehensively combines physical analog modeling, numerical simulation, on-site monitoring, and other methods to explore the overburden rock fissure development characteristics under double-roof-cutting (DRC) with retained roadway conditions. The analysis of performed tests, simulations, and on-site monitoring proves that under the above mining conditions, the stress transfer between the roof plates of the open area and the roadway on both sides of the cut top is interrupted, the overburden load being retained in the middle of the open area. The stress in the middle of the open area of the former is increased by 5% compared with that of the latter, with a higher degree of stress increase. The amount of overburden rock subsidence in the open area of the former is reduced by 45 ~ 80% compared with the latter. Under DRC, heights of the overlying rock collapse and fissure zones are 18m and 40m, respectively, versus 15m and 46 m of those without roof-cutting. Fissures in both zones are the most developed, turning into gas transportation channels. This study findings provide theoretical basis for exploring the gas transportation patterns in double-cutting top tunnels.
Key factors in the formation of the main ions composition for power plant cooling water system: a case study of technological and environmental aspects
Authors: Kuznietsov Pavlo , Biedunkova Olha
Published: November 2024

Water is used for cooling in the power generation processes of a power plant to regulate the temperature of equipment, circulating, it can accumulate the main ions (HCO3−, CO32−, SO42−,CI−, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+) of the water. The article investigates the factors that influence the parameters of the main ions content of recycling water and conducts an environmental assessment of the discharge, identifying correlation dependencies that allow predicting the main ions content after the aqueous discharge of power plant wastewater. The purpose of this article is to investigate the factors of formation and trends in the composition of major ions of the water in the technological cycle of the power plant's circulating cooling system and the surface water of the river in the area of water discharge influence. Moreover, in this paper, grey water footprint is studied as a tool for implementing a combined approach to water use assessment. The research was conducted using process water from the circulating cooling system of an operating nuclear power plant and surface water from the Styr River (Ukraine). Furthermore, this work is related to solving the tasks of assessing the non-radiological impact of water discharge from a nuclear power plant. In particular, the concentration of the main ions in the water was monitored by a certified measuring laboratory. The novelty of our study lies in the application of statistical regression analysis to assess the factors and impact of the discharge of main ions with return water on the natural waters of the river.
Effects of Asymmetric Thickness Mandrel on NC RDB Forming Quality of Ultra-Thin-Walled Tube
Authors: Jang lanfang , Yuan Wujie , Li Heng , Guo Xunzhong , Wang Zili , Zhang Shuyou , Lin Yaochen , Pan Hao
Published: November 2024

To satisfy lightweight design requirements, aerospace ducts frequently employ ultra-thin-walled tubes with a diameter-to-thickness ratio (D/t) exceeding 100.However, ultra-thin-walled tubes present significant forming challenges, and the mandrel plays a critical role in their bending. Therefore, investigating the effect of mandrel structure on the quality of ultra-thin-walled tubes formed through NC bending is of considerable importance. In this study, utilizing the Abaqus nonlinear finite element platform, an asymmetric thickness ball design method is proposed. Based on the positioning of the asymmetric balls within the mandrel, seven distinct designs for asymmetric thickness mandrels are developed. This study conducts a finite element analysis of the NC rotary draw bending (RDB) process for ultra-thin-walled 304 stainless steel tubes and validates the corresponding experiments. The results indicate that as the asymmetric thickness mandrel is positioned further from the mandrel, the stress on the outer side of the tube near the bend initiation first increases and then decreases, while the stress on the inner side of the tube, after the midpoint of the bend, initially decreases and then increases. The use of asymmetric thickness mandrels significantly reduces both the thinning and thickening rates of the tubes, though their impact on improving the ellipticity is less pronounced. The core ball nearest to the mandrel is designated as Ball 1, with subsequent balls further from the mandrel labeled as Ball 2 and Ball 3, respectively. The placement of the asymmetric thickness balls improves the thinning rate in the order: Ball 2 > Ball 1 > Ball 3; enhances the thickening rate in the order: Ball 1 > Ball 2 > Ball 3; and optimizes the ellipticity in the order: Ball 3 > Ball 1 > Ball 2.
Multi isotope analysis of seasonal variations and sources of sulfate in a typical thermal stratified reservoir
Authors: Li Li , Zhou Zhongfa , Kong Jie , Wang Cui , Wang Yanbi , Xie Ru kai , Ding Caixia
Published: November 2024

Seasonal stratification can alter the redox environment of lakes and reservoirs, and affect their water quality and biogeochemical cycles. Bacterial dissimilarity sulfate reduction (BSR) in anaerobic produces significant isotope fractionation. However, it is currently unclear whether the thermal stratification will lead to similar isotope fractionation characteristics in karst reservoirs. For this problem, samples were collected from Pingzhai Reservoir, a karst drinking water source reservoir in southwestern China, in April (spring), August (summer), November (autumn) of 2023, and January (winter) of 2024. By measuring the dissolved sulfate (SO2- 4) concentrations and multiple isotopes values (δ34S-SO2- 4, δ18O-SO2- 4and δ18O-H2O) in the inflow water, reservoir surface water, profile water, and outflow water, to trace the sources of SO2- 4 and analyze the biogeochemical processes in the reservoir. The results showed that SO2- 4 concentrations in the study area ranged from 11.76 to 132.52 mg/L, and the compositions of δ34S-SO2- 4 and δ18O-SO2- 4 values ranged from-7.66 to 7.52‰ and -5.94 to 5.05 ‰ ,respectively. The thermal stratification occurred between spring and autumn, but the BSR process mainly occurred in reservoir profiles from summer to winter. The enrichment coefficients of ɛ34S and ɛ18O were about 3.86‰ and 1.51‰, respectively, and no large isotope fractionation effect was found. The δ18O- SO2- 4 and δ18O-H2O values showed that sulfide oxidation processes occurred in all four seasons, and 37% to 95% of the oxygen atoms in the produced sulfates came from the surrounding water. Bayesian stable isotope mixing model showed that the sources of reservoir sulfate input were stable and that sulfide oxidation and soil sulfate dissolution were the main sources. The results of this study can help further understand the related effects of water chemistry and sulfur cycle processes in karst reservoirs.
Effect and Mechanism of Coal Desulfurization Using a Surfactant-Assisted NaClO System
Authors: Gao Fei , Zhang Yunming
Published: November 2024

This study utilized both experimental and theoretical approaches to investigate the desulfurization implications and mechanisms of surfactants within the NaClO + NaOH system. It analyzed the effects of five different surfactants on the coal desulfurization rate, wettability, electrostatic potential, and chemical bonding. The findings demonstrated that all five surfactants enhanced the coal desulfurization rate and significantly improved its wettability. Notably, wettability was not the sole determinant of the desulfurization effectiveness of these surfactants. For individual surfactants, improved wettability was associated with a greater desulfurization effect. Electrostatic potential analysis indicated that regions containing oxygen functional groups within the surfactants exhibited high electron density, attracting weakly electrophilic chlorine and carbon atoms. This increased the interaction between ClO⁻ and compounds such as benzenethiol or dibenzothiophene, making these areas preferential sites for reaction. The presence of more oxygen-containing functional groups in a surfactant correlated with enhanced desulfurization outcomes. AEC-9Na proved most effective for desulfurization by a high content of oxygen functional groups. The study also noted that surfactants influenced the bond lengths of Cl-O, S-H, and S-C to varying extents. These findings are instrumental in enhancing the understanding of the microscopic mechanisms underlying surfactant-promoted coal oxidation desulfurization and improving overall reaction efficiency.
TiO2, ZnO carbon composite for the removal of benzotriazole from water by a combination of sorption and photocatalytic processes
Authors: Buchtelík Stanislav , Chrastný Vladislav , Sochacki Adam , Veselská Veronika , Filip Jan , Lacina Petr , Lev Jaroslav , Dvořák Ondřej , Felis Ewa , Trakal Lukáš
Published: November 2024

Organic xenobiotic substances are emitted into the environment from a number of preparations used in industry and households. Some are relatively persistent and difficult to biodegrade, so they pass relatively easily through wastewater treatment plants into the surface waters and contaminate drinking water sources. The goal of this study is to develop an innovative technological material that will be able to eliminate organic xenobiotics in water effectively. The principle of our method is to combine carbon-based sorbent (biochar and hydraffine) with a semiconductor layer (TiO2, ZnO) to synthesize a photoreactive nanocomposite material which in conjunction with UV/VIS exposure, can efficiently and safely degrade captured organic xenobiotics (benzotriazole, BTR) in water through the processes of sorption and consequent photocatalytic degradation. This nanocomposite should act as more effective alternative to the widely discussed composite biochar-TiO2. Specifically, the composite coated with ZnO provided the highest degradation efficiency of the photochemical process and it also had the highest sorption capacity for BTR because of the interactions with Zn.
In this study, nevertheless, both types of composites are tested and compared their efficiency during removal of selected micropollutant representatives from waters.