bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurship Education in Postgraduate Tourism Programs
Authors: Bagri S. C. , Dhodi R. K. , K. C. Junaid
Published: September 2022

Even though there is an increase in tourism research in India during the last 2-3 decades, researchers within the domain of tourism education made an insignificant contribution to entrepreneurship education (henceforth ‘EE') programs. The objectives of this research are to study the current status of EE in tourism, to analyse and compare course title, core concepts, major references, and further readings. This study follows a content analysis design, focusing on an in-depth analysis of syllabi of post-graduation tourism programs in Indian higher educational institutions. The syllabi contents were analyzed using the Atlas.ti. The major findings of this study indicate that in India EE in tourism programs is mostly considered as one of the core modules itself than optional/elective modules and part of other courses. Almost all syllabi have included chapters on basic concepts of entrepreneurship, capital financing, business plan, opportunities, innovations, etc. This finding has major implications for designing innovative entrepreneurship courses in tourism programs.
Teaching South Africans How to Become Successful Hosts on Airbnb
Authors: Henama Unathi Sonwabile , Mathole Lebogang Matholwane
Published: September 2022

Due to the tragic past of South Africa, associated with racial profiling and apartheid, the majority of South Africans who were Black were excluded by repressive policies from active participation in the economy. This led to Black South Africans being underrepresented in tourism. The growth of tourism had not benefited the majority of South Africans who happen to be Black. The lack of participation of the previously disadvantaged groups on the Airbnb platform did not resonate with the principles of Airbnb to achieve shared prosperity. In the Black-owned townships such as Khayelisha in Cape Town, Kayamandi in Stellenbosch, and Soweto in Johannesburg, there had been existing tourism businesses especially in accommodation. These guesthouses and homestays were not attracting enough customers to economically benefit the hosts and make these townships viable tourism destinations. The Airbnb Africa Academy was pioneered to train South African homestay and guesthouse owners to register and become successful hosts on the Airbnb platform.
Performance Management in Digital Transformation
Authors: Shrestha Maheshwor , Kumar Ranjan
Published: September 2022

This chapter gives a holistic overview of digital transformation and its impact on firm performance and highlights the strategy firms can adopt to become sustainable in the long run. Digital transformation has become a well-known phrase that is often used to describe a major IT overhaul. New digital technologies provide the game-changing potential for and grave dangers to businesses that established their success in the pre-digital era. Customer engagement and digitized solutions are two critical digital strategies that give the necessary direction for a digital transformation in any firm. With advanced information and communication technology (ICT), enterprises may create new content, apps, or services to provide them with a competitive edge. A digital services platform and an operational backbone are important for implementing the firm's business strategies. Digital transformation can improve business performance and contribute to sustainability. Sustainability has become an entrenched and overarching aspect of strategic planning for firms.
The Digital Transformation of Higher Education
Authors: Alkış-Bayhan Nurcan
Published: September 2022

The improvements in digital technologies have changed societies in many ways. This process is commonly called “digital transformation.” Many sectors have been affected by digital transformation, including higher education institutions. Also, the COVID-19 pandemic, which started in 2019 in China, triggered the use of digital technologies in everyday activities and at every level of education. This chapter primarily presents the process of digital transformation in higher education by giving examples from various countries based on recent research, providing challenges of digital transformation of higher education, and then examining the challenges and reflections of the COVID-19 pandemic on the digital transformation of higher education. Lastly, the current situation is evaluated, and suggestions are proposed.
A Fresh Look on Determinants of Online Repurchase Intention
Authors: Sarban Singh Ir. Jagjeet Singh , Dastane Omkar , Haba Herman Fassou
Published: September 2022

The e-commerce industry is continuously evolving and attained exponential growth as a result of the COVID 19-pandemic and the consequent lockdown. This has also generated possible changes in online consumer preferences. Although several studies have identified factors affecting online repurchase intention (ORI), a fresh look is required to identify key determinants of ORI. Thus, the current study, through extensive literature review, proposes and investigates such ORI determinants. Explanatory design with quantitative research method is used, and empirical data is collected using a self-administered e-questionnaire. A sample of 243 responses were collected from online consumers using snowball sampling. The data were then analyzed using AMOS 24 through series of statistical analysis. The findings show that web quality, service quality, credibility are key determinants of online repurchase intension. Electronic word of mouth (E-WoM) and customer relationship management (CRM) demonstrated insignificant impact on ORI. The results also identify perceived web quality as a factor with strongest impact on ORI.
The Role of Social Media on Young Online Consumer Behavior
Authors: Miháldinecz Fanni , Lima Rua Orlando Manuel Martins Marques
Published: September 2022

The main aim of this study is to analyze the use of social networks by young consumers and understand if they engage with brands online and if creative brand content impacts social network users and online shoppers. With the technological advances and intense use of smartphones, firms should consider connecting and standing out with their audience online. Implementing a specific social strategy on social media may be the way to go. This research uses a quantitative methodology with a survey questionnaire from Portuguese brand consumers. The results show that a creative social marketing strategy through a strong brand identity can positively affect clients if people use social media for entertainment.
Focal Industries in Information Systems Research
Authors: Kabasakal İnanç
Published: September 2022

Information systems is a field that is highly relevant to the business environment. As a relevant concept, industry covers businesses that might have similar problems and processes. Problems and case studies from the industry are often covered in information systems publications. Considering the relevance of the industry concept, this chapter follows a scientometric approach to examine research interest from the information systems discipline towards sectors and industries. The approach depends on the industry codes involved in publication meta-data by EBSCO. Meta-data was collected for articles published in 20 information systems journals between 1996 and 2020. The results present an overview of relevant North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) sectors for selected information systems journals, as well as the most active journals by sector. A comparison of annual publication counts is presented, and the authors highlight the trends of research interest towards sectors.
Digitalization in Rural India
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Anil
Published: September 2022

This chapter demonstrates how the digitalisation of welfare schemes aiming at marginalized people has proven to be an effective tool for socio-economic transformation in rural India. It aims to advance and offer the argument in favour of e-governance-led digitalization for the multidimensional benefits to the entitled beneficiaries in India. Digitalisation has facilitated the implementation of e-governance, leading the government in building all interconnected and interlinking nexuses of different segments of society through the use of ICT over the digital space.
Organizational Readiness/Maturity Considerations for Blockchain Adoption
Authors: Wright Steven A.
Published: September 2022

Digital transformation involves new concepts, radical innovation, and radical organizational change across multiple organizational dimensions. Blockchains can be considered a form of digital transformation for organizations. An aspect of the radical nature of blockchains flows from the capabilities it can provide for trustworthy transactions between organizations. This creates opportunities for new business models by disintermediation of some parties to traditional transaction flows in the same industry or supply chain. Multiple parties have to agree to adopt the new style of transactions. Scorecards and metrics for multiparty technology adoption have additional scope that metrics within a single organization do not. Organizational readiness and maturity metrics for effectively utilizing blockchains have to address the broad range of business considerations that management should consider when evaluating opportunities for digital transformation via blockchain.
Infusing New Technologies and Luxury
Authors: Sestino Andrea , Santarelli Ilaria , Amatulli Cesare
Published: September 2022

The technology integration of luxury is a promising business opportunity. New technologies such as the internet of things, smart objects, artificial intelligence, the pervasive digitization of business processes, together with the shift of several business activities online are enabling unprecedented opportunities for luxury marketers and managers. Through qualitative research designs, this chapter would systematize knowledge about this topic with the means of a literature review. An amount of 224 contributions published in the last two decades (2010-2020) have been examined. Findings show current issues and opportunities on four promising topics: luxury hospitality, luxury fashion, luxury tourism, and luxury foods. Opportunities for scholars, marketers, and managers are examined together with implications for consumers' behavior studies.
The Low-Code Movement
Authors: Mihu Cantemir
Published: September 2022

Low-code is one of many topics that have been brought up to address two perennial problems: the growing shortage of software developers and the methodological gap between business requirements and implementation. With low-code, you give business users and process owners the tools they need to build systems and make process improvements on their own, with minimal technical support. To be successful, digital strategy initiatives today and in the future will need to think of and include tools that empower their business users and help accelerate process automation. This chapter provides a general understanding of low-code platforms, explores the current research on the topic through a bibliometric analysis, and analyses the impact of low-code on digital transformation.
A Comprehensive Study on Gesture Detection
Authors: P. Rajamani , J. Hyma
Published: September 2022

The advent of technologies made our lives more comfortable with their rapid spread in various sectors like business, education, productive industry, marketing, health sector, and many more. Computer vision being an interdisciplinary field has a large scope of applications, and among them, object detection carries a vital role and has wide spread in various fields of study. Object detection exhibits a potentiality in numerous applications like image and video annotation, gesture detection, etc. In this regard, a preliminary research is carried out on sign language gesture recognition to review and facilitate the road map of earlier research findings. The work is carried with a focus on the recent developments and the enormous techniques and tools that were introduced to handle gesture recognition varying from mathematical models to deep learning models with its advantages and limitations. Issues like computational complexity and accuracy with respect to the various verticals of the sign language interpretation are explored and are listed with their remarkable outcomes.
Immodulin peptides influence musculoskeletal homeostasis by linking extracellular cues to macrophage and myoblast nuclear receptors
Authors: Mascarenhas Desmond D.
Published: September 2022

Immodulins are synthetic peptides derived from the C-terminal domains of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs). Immodulins from the 3/5/6 (but not 1/2/4) IGFBP evolutionary clade transduce extracellular matrix (ECM) signals to RXR, NR4A1 and PPAR-alpha nuclear receptors (NRs) to stimulate novel macrophage lineages. The rationale of this study was to reconcile physical associations of immodulins with ECM and NRs, effects of siRNAs and chemical inhibitors in vivo, and immodulin-driven pro-differentiation effects in cell culture. When added to THP1D cells, immodulins stimulate CD169+ Clec9a+ and Clec12a+ macrophage lineages via a EP300/RXRγ/Nur77 transcriptional mechanism. This phenomenon is accompanied by the secretion of CCL22, IL-10 and TGFbeta and the ability to stimulate FoxP3+ T-cells in co-culture. ECM ligands of 3/5/6 immodulins include iron, zinc, glycosaminoglycans, transferrin and phosphatidylinositol-4,5,-biphosphate (PIP2), which can influence their pro-differentiation effects. Remarkably, immodulins also stimulate myogenesis in C2C12 myoblasts, thereby revealing a novel link between immune and musculoskeletal homeostasis. Distinct NR agonists stimulate these companion differentiation processes. Using solution NMR to guide design, immodulins with a tripeptide extension near the iron-binding pocket demonstrated higher iron-binding and improved pro-differentiation activities. Transferrin-bound immodulin shows binding preference for both high-molecular-weight hyaluronan (HMWHA) and HMWHA:CD44 complexes at endosomal pH, and interacts with PIP2 at normal physiological pH, offering intriguing mechanistic insights.
Effect of Spiritual Music on Old-Age Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Surgery Under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Singh Premraj , Arya Ashiquee , Singh Manish Kumar , Prakash Ravi , Khan Mohammad Parvez
Published: September 2022

Context:

Music is ubiquitous and found in all cultures; it elicits both physiological and psychological responses in its listener. It has been proven that music reduces perception of pain and dosages of anesthetics and sedatives used during surgery.

Aims:

To study the effect spiritual music on perioperative anxiety and hemodynamic parameters in elderly patients undergoing procedures under spinal anesthesia.

Settings and Design:

A prospective, randomized controlled study.

Subjects and Methods:

Eighty patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled and randomly divided in two equal groups. Patients were transferred to the operation theater with the spiritual music still being played in Group I, while no music was played in Group C. Under aseptic precautions, neuraxial blockade was performed at L3/L4 interspace. Music was played throughout the surgery in Group I. Intraoperative visual analog scale for anxiety (VASA) was recorded. At the end of the surgery, spiritual music was stopped. The study parameters were recorded.

Statistical Analysis Used:

A significant difference in the proportions of male and female candidates between the two groups was calculated using Chi-squared test. Significant differences in the mean VASA scores and blood pressures (systolic blood pressure [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]) between the two groups were calculated using Student's t-test.

Results:

No significant difference was observed between preoperative VASA score (P = 0.29) of both the groups, whereas a significant difference was present in intraoperative (P < 0.01) and postoperative VASA score (P < 0.01) of both the groups. In Group I, requirement for sedative was significantly lower (P < 0.01). Heart rate in Group I was on lower side, suggesting decrease in anxiety. No significant difference was observed in SBP or DBP of the patients of both the groups.

Conclusions:

Spiritual music can act as a noninvasive, simple, and inexpensive intervention for elderly patients to alleviate perioperative anxiety. It can also reduce the need for sedatives intraoperatively, thereby lowering the risk of side effects.
Efficacy of Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Adult Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Nath Sayan , Arora Mahesh Kumar , Chhabra Anjolie , Baidya Dalim Kumar , Subramaniam Rajeshwari , Prasad Ganga
Published: September 2022

Background and Aims:

Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has been used to provide analgesia in renal transplant surgery with varying results. This study was designed to assess if the addition of clonidine in TAP block would decrease 24-h postoperative morphine consumption in adult renal transplant recipients.

Materials and Methods:

Forty adult patients undergoing renal transplantation under general anesthesia in a tertiary care hospital were randomized into either group RC (TAP block with 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine plus 2 μg.kg−1 clonidine) or group R (TAP block with 20 mL 0.5% ropivacaine) after induction of anesthesia. Postoperative analgesia was provided using patient-controlled morphine. The primary outcome was 24-h patient-controlled morphine consumption. The secondary outcomes were a) intraoperative hemodynamics, b) fentanyl and ephedrine requirement, c) postoperative pain using the Visual Analog Scale at 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours, d) time to first postoperative analgesia, e) postoperative hemodynamics, and f) side effects.

Results:

There was no significant difference in postoperative morphine consumption between the groups (25 mg in group RC vs. 28.5 mg in group R) (median interquartile range) (P = 0.439). Postoperative pain scores were comparable between the groups. Intraoperatively, fewer patients required rescue fentanyl in group RC (7 patients) as compared to group R (17 patients) (P = 0.003). Significantly more patients in group RC required ephedrine boluses as compared to group R (9 patients in group RC vs. 2 in group R, P = 0.014).

Conclusions:

The addition of 2 μg.kg−1 clonidine to ropivacaine in TAP block did not reduce 24-h postoperative morphine consumption after renal transplantation. It reduced the need for intraoperative analgesics but increased the need for intraoperative ephedrine administration.
Efficacy of Socket-Shield Technique on Tissue Stability of Immediate Implant Placement
Authors: Birang Reza , Yaghini Jaber , Farhad Shirin Zahra , Shadmehri Mahsa Ahmadi , Afshari Zohreh , Iranmanesh Pedram , Maracy Mohammad Reza , Zadeh Amir Khorasani
Published: September 2022

Objective:

To compare the socket-shield technique (SST) with the conventional method of immediate implant placement (IIP) regarding stabilization of buccal hard and soft tissue, and esthetic management.

Method and Materials:

Randomized controlled trials (RCT) investigating SST, published in English, were searched in MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, ProQuest, OpenGrey, and Embase until May May 2021, in June 2021. The quality assessment of included RCTs was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tools. A STATA version 16 was used to determine mean difference with 95% confidence intervals for buccal plate width (BPW), buccal plate height (BPH), pink esthetic score (PES), and implant stability quotient for 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up subgroups.

Results:

Out of 4617 records, 10 RCTs were finally included for the review and meta-analysis. Regarding BPW, significant differences were observed in favor of SST after 6 months. Also significant difference was detected in BPH and PES in favor of SST compared to the conventional method for all time points. However, no significant difference was found regarding implant stability between the two groups.

Conclusion:

SST yields better outcomes in dimensional changes of bone and soft tissue, and is found to be superior to conventional IIP regarding esthetic results and stability of hard and soft tissue around implants.
Evaluation of the Effect of Natural and Industrial Orange Juices and Beverage on Surface Roughness of Orthodontic Bonding Composite
Authors: Ahmed Rusal Saad , Saleem Alan Issa
Published: September 2022

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of natural and industrial orange juices and a beverage on the surface roughness of composite material.

Materials and Methods:

In this experimental study, 30 disc-shaped specimens with a thickness of 2 mm and a diameter of 10 mm were taken from an orthodontic bonding composite. The specimens were randomly assigned into three groups (i.e., natural orange juice, Rani orange juice, and Mirinda orange beverage). The roughness of the specimens was examined by atomic force microscope at baseline, 1 day (6 hours), and 1 week (6 hours per day) after immersing. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA test and Bonferroni post hoc test.

Results:

The surface roughness of composite exposed to the selected drinks increased significantly (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Natural orange juice, Rani orange juice, and Mirinda can affect the surface roughness of composite, which varies based on the type of drink and immersion time.
Is Endometriosis Telemedicine Friendly?
Authors: Balci Burcin Karamustafaoglu
Published: September 2022

Objectives:

Social isolation and lockdowns made telemedicine to gradually penetrate daily practice. Telemedicine has been used successfully in many areas of medicine such as psychiatry but is new in obstetrics and gynecology. This study aimed to investigate whether a telemedicine model would be feasible in choosing patients who needed face-to-face visits during the pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

Telephone calls were conducted with patients with endometriosis who were admitted to our endometriosis clinic before the pandemic. The primary outcome was to appropriately triage the patients who could postpone their routine visit without any risk and those who needed an in-clinic appointment.

Results:

Seventy-nine patients were included in the study. Among 58 patients who could be reached, 55 accepted to participate in the study. The mean length of the telephone calls was 8.17 min. Nine patients required an in-clinic appointment (16.4%), whereas 46 (83.6%) patients were managed with the phone call. Compliance with hormonal agents for the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain was 11/17 (64.7%). The most commonly asked questions by patients were about cervical screening, fertility cryopreservation, and the medical treatment options of endometriosis.

Conclusion:

Telemedicine visits can never replace in-clinic practice but can help with a considerable degree of efficacy in the management of patients with endometriosis.
Gastrointestinal histopathology of acute colchicine toxicity after lower dose treatment of pericarditis
Authors: Liu Lisa , Tessier Steven , Duarte-Chavez Rodrigo , Marino Daniel , Kaza Anish , Longo Santo , Nanda Sudip
Published: September 2022

Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory alkaloid drug with anti-microtubule activity. Colchicine toxicity is a serious and potentially fatal complication associated with hallmark histopathological features most conspicuous in proliferative tissues such as the gastrointestinal tract. These features have only been reported in patients treated with high doses. We report a patient who experienced acute colchicine toxicity with gastrointestinal histologic changes after treatment with the lowest dose of colchicine. Knowledge of drug–drug interactions and the organs involved in colchicine metabolism is imperative when using colchicine, even when administered at its lowest dose.
Utility of National Early Warning Score 2 to risk-stratify coronavirus disease of 2019 patients in the emergency department
Authors: Khuraijam Sweta , Gangurde Alok , Shetty Vridhi
Published: September 2022

Background:

The application of a risk stratification pathway is necessary for the emergency department (ED) to assess the severity of the disease and the need for escalation of therapy. We aimed to implement the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) pathway at triage to differentiate patients who are stable or critically ill with no invasive investigations at the time of admission during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) era in comparison to other clinical risk scores.

Methods:

One hundred and four patients were collected from April 1, 2021, to June 1, 2021, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic at an academic medical center in India. The NEWS2 scoring system and the quick sepsis-related organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score were introduced as part of the initial assessment in the triage area of the ED. Data were assessed using the area under the receiving operating characteristic (AUROC) curve for NEWS2 and qSOFA scores, respectively.

Results:

In the study, NEWS2 classification indicated that 25% of patients required continuous monitoring, of which 12.7% subsequently deteriorated within 24 h of admission and 7% died. Both, NEWS2 (threshold 0; 1, AUROC 0.883; 95%; confidence interval [CI] 0.8–0.966) and qSOFA (threshold 0; 1, AUROC 0.851; 95% CI 0.766–29 0.936) effectively identified COVID-19 patients in the ED at risk for clinical deterioration. There was no significant difference in the diagnostic performance of qSOFA and NEWS2 (DeLong's test P = 0.312).

Conclusion:

Both NEWS2 and qSOFA effectively-identified COVID-19 patients in the ED at risk for clinical deterioration with no significant statistical difference. However, a triage level risk stratification score can be developed with the inclusion of blood parameters on admission to further validate the practice.
Safety and Efficacy of Clonazepam in the Treatment of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Authors: Al-Otaibi Faisal
Published: September 2022

Background:

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is referred to as one of the most common epileptic syndromes. Several anti-epilepsy drugs (AEDs) have been developed and remain part of clinical intervention with varying safety and efficacy profiles. Comprehensive synthesis of the scientific evidence examining the safety and efficacy of clonazepam toward the treatment of JME was carried out in the study.

Methods:

A detailed scientific literature search was made utilizing the most relevant scientific studies published to date on the intervention of clonazepam in the management of JME. In this study, a detailed search was made in multiple databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Scielo databases. Confidence intervals among the studies and continuous measures, proportion, and risk factor analysis were determined using the MedCalC tool (Version 20.110) as per PRISMA guidelines.

Results:

A total of 6 studies out of 70 were found eligible for meta-analysis, where 186 JME patients were subjected to clonazepam intervention with controls. Clonazepam was reported effective in comparative analysis among six studies where P < 0.001. The result also shows a higher prevalence of JME in the female population compared to males (male versus female; 86/110). Efficacy and safety of clonazepam were reported significant as well.

Conclusion:

Clonazepam is effective AEDs for the management of JME. However, more clinical evidence requires for statistical validation of clinical efficacy.
Identification of the Best Vehicle Segment for e-Taxis from a Life Cycle Assessment Perspective
Authors: Silvestri Luca , De Santis Michele , Mendecka Barbara , Bella Gino
Published: September 2022

In European Union (EU), transport causes about a quarter of the total greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and road vehicles are the biggest contributors, with nearly three-quarters of the overall GHG emissions. In this context, many governments are adopting different strategies to achieve a sustainable mobility, including the electrification of public transport, such as full electric taxis (e-taxis). Indeed, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) represent a promising solution towards the achievement of sustainability since they involve zero emissions during the use phase, despite indirect emissions are generated during the charging of the traction battery according to the specific national electricity mix. However, a proper choice of the vehicle segment for the e-taxi and its battery capacity can represent a crucial factor in reducing the overall environmental impacts. Indeed, a battery with a higher capacity can reduce the battery aging for the same traveled distance and then the number of battery replacements. The purpose of this research is to identify the best vehicle segment for the e-taxis fleet according to GHG emissions within the vehicle lifespan. To this end, a cradle-to-grave Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and battery aging simulations for Lithium-ion batteries are conducted, basing on the state-of-art standard for test driving cycles and average emissions of the EU electricity mix. Results show how the battery aging can determine a higher number of battery replacements for smaller vehicles during their lifespan and, thus, higher GHG emissions due to manufacturing e recycling phases of extra batteries. In particular, this is the case when a scenario of 8-years lifespan is considered, with emissions up to 3.7% higher.
Experimental-Based Laminar Flame Speed Approximation Formulas of Efficiency-Optimized Biofuels for SI-Engine Modeling
Authors: Hesse Raik , Schwenzer Christian , Glaznev Roman , Esposito Stefania , Fenard Yann , Pitsch Heinz , Beeckmann Joachim
Published: September 2022

The transition towards sustainable mobility encourages research into biofuels for use in internal combustion engines. For these alternative energy carriers, high-fidelity experimental data of flame speeds influenced by pressure, temperature, and air-fuel equivalence ratio under engine-relevant conditions are required to support the development of robust combustion models for spark-ignition engines. E.g., physicochemical-based approximation formulas adjusted to the fuel provide similar accuracy as high fidelity chemical kinetic model calculations at a fraction of the computational cost and can be easily adopted in engine simulation codes. In the present study, a workflow to enable predictive combustion engine modeling is applied first for a gasoline reference fuel and two biofuel blends recently proposed by Dahmen and Marquardt [Energy Fuels, 2017]. They identified one promising high-octane rating biofuel blend, expected to be optimized for SI combustion engines, and one promising low carbon high energy density blend with an optimized production pathway. The first blend consists of ethanol, 2-butanone, cyclopentane, and cyclopentanone, and the second blend consists of 1-butanol, ethanol, and cyclopentane. In the present study, the reference fuel RON95 E10 and both biofuel blends were experimentally examined for their flame speed in RWTH-ITV’s closed combustion chamber at 423 K and 2.5 bar, with equivalence ratios (Φ) ranging from 0.8 to 1.3. Then, pressure (1 atm and 5 bar) and temperature variations (398 K and 450 K) were conducted for the blends at Φ = 1.1. Due to its good agreement with the experimental results, a detailed kinetic mechanism was selected and used for comprehensive flame speed calculations at engine conditions. The approximation formula was parametrized in the next step, showing good agreement with the detailed calculations. Finally, the flame speed model is adopted for engine simulations, and the 0-2% burn duration of gasoline is used as a benchmark against engine data, showing the improved predictability of the newly derived approximation compared to a standard correlation. The biofuels’ burn durations indicate slight improvements due to higher flame speeds.
A Quasi-Dimensional Burn Rate Model for Spark-Assisted Compression Ignition (SACI) Combustion
Authors: Salerno Francesco , Bargende Michael , Kulzer André Casal , Grill Michael
Published: September 2022

Future combustion engine applications require highest possible energy conversion efficiencies to reduce their environmental impact and be economically competitive. So far, spark-ignition (SI) engine combustion development mostly consisted of optimizing the hemispherical flame propagation combustion method. Thereby, a significant efficiency increase is only achievable in combination with high excess air dilution or increased combustion speed. However, with increasing excess air dilution, this is difficult due to decreasing flame speeds and flammability limits. Simultaneously, researchers have been investigating homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) that achieves higher efficiencies due to its rapid volume reaction combustion and also enables high excess air dilution. However, the combustion is complex to control as it is initiated by auto-ignition (AI) processes. In-cylinder conditions reliably need to be reproduced to prevent damaging pre-ignitions. Consequently, HCCI has only been applied for low load operation. The spark-assisted compression ignition (SACI) represents a compromise between SI combustion and HCCI. Thereby, a flame propagation is initiated that triggers a controlled volume reaction in the remaining charge. By now, there is only one (mainly stoichiometric) application of SACI combustion in the market. In combination with lean mixtures, SACI allows overall efficiencies >40%. A market launch of a lean mixture SACI engine is therefore desirable. This requires a fast-running and predictive physical model to conduct robust concept studies in the early development process. This paper addresses the development of a quasi-dimensional burn rate model for the SACI combustion method. The modeling approach combines the well-established two-zone entrainment model (for flame propagation) with a multi pseudo-zone volume reaction model based on a distributed AI integral, which is linked to a detailed two-stage AI model. The model is integrated into the so-called cylinder module developed at IFS (Institute of Automotive Engineering Stuttgart). A validation versus measurement data shows a satisfactory prediction of the burn rate and pressure curve.
Analysis of Neolithic Pottery Technology along the Iranian Zagros Foothills
Authors: Petrova Natalia , Darabi Hojjat
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of a technological analysis of the ceramic samples from Neolithic settlements of Ali Kosh, Mahtaj and Guran (the 7th mill. BC). The use of sheep and goat dung in the paste prevailed. While two-layer slabs were applied as the main construction method across the region, a few samples from Guran show the appearance of coil construction around the middle of the 7th millennium BC. First an overall coating with the same clay and red colouring appeared, and later a new type of red slip emerged – a mixture of clay with red pigment.
Forms of Communication used by the Cell Church post - Covid-19
Authors: Reddy Mike Megrove
Published: September 2022

In the past, the church was a place of comfort and healing. However, COVID-19 brought about a profound change that saw life as we knew it come to an abrupt halt. Services that were not considered essential, including that of the church, were forced to close their doors. Religious bodies and critical leaders of society did not recognise churches as an integral, life-giving part of the community and world at large. Secular organisations offering essential services could be operated under strict conditions. However, the church remained closed. Despite lockdown restrictions being eased, churches still ensued an uphill battle to open their doors. Strict limits
were imposed when the church was eventually allowed to resume fellowship. This was imposed by the government to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Pastors had to look to other mediums to propagate the gospel to ensure the church’s survival. Social media have become the most common medium used by the church during COVID-19 to propagate the gospel. This paper aims to describe the forms of communication used by the cell church post-COVID-19 to ensure its survival. The early church gathered in homes as there were no designated buildings where they could worship. COVID-19 forced Christians to have fellowship in their homes and connect with their pastors via social media. The cell church is built around the Jethro Model. It was a form of leadership suggested to Moses by his father-in-law when he noticed how he handled the issues of the Hebrew people. The cell group provides spiritual nourishment for each other and encourages fellowship between family and friends. With cell groups being closed as a result of the restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic, this has hindered the spiritual growth of believers. This paper proposes that cell churches use all forms of communication until cell groups become functional again. Secondary sources are used as part of the research methodology for this study.
Induced betweenness in order-theoretic trees
Authors: Courcelle Bruno
Published: September 2022

The ternary relation B(x,y,z) of betweenness states that an element y is between the elements x and z, in some sense depending on the considered structure. In a partially ordered set (N,≤), B(x,y,z):⇔x<y<z∨z<y<x, and the corresponding betweenness structure is (N,B). The class of betweenness structures of linear orders is first-order definable. That of partial orders is monadic second-order definable. An order-theoretic tree is a partial order such that the set of elements larger that any element is linearly ordered and any two elements have an upper-bound. Finite or infinite rooted trees ordered by the ancestor relation are order-theoretic trees. In an order-theoretic tree, B(x,y,z) means that x<y<z or z<y<x or x<y≤x⊔z or z<y≤x⊔z, where x⊔z is the least upper-bound of incomparable elements x and z. In a previous article, we established that the corresponding class of betweenness structures is monadic second-order definable.We prove here that the induced substructures of the betweenness structures of the countable order-theoretic trees form a monadic second-order definable class, denoted by IBO. The proof uses a variant of cographs, the partitioned probe cographs, and their known six finite minimal excluded induced subgraphs called the bounds of the class. This proof links two apparently unrelated topics: cographs and order-theoretic trees.However, the class IBO has finitely many bounds, i.e., minimal excluded finite induced substructures. Hence it is first-order definable. The proof of finiteness uses well-quasi-orders and does not provide the finite list of bounds. Hence, the associated first-order defining sentence is not known.
Quantum Control in the Unitary Sphere: Lambda-S1 and its Categorical Model
Authors: Díaz-Caro Alejandro , Malherbe Octavio
Published: September 2022

In a recent paper, a realizability technique has been used to give a
semantics of a quantum lambda calculus. Such a technique gives rise to an
infinite number of valid typing rules, without giving preference to any subset
of those. In this paper, we introduce a valid subset of typing rules, defining
an expressive enough quantum calculus. Then, we propose a categorical semantics
for it. Such a semantics consists of an adjunction between the category of
distributive-action spaces of value distributions (that is, linear combinations
of values in the lambda calculus), and the category of sets of value
distributions.
A Functional Abstraction of Typed Invocation Contexts
Authors: Cong Youyou , Ishio Chiaki , Honda Kaho , Asai Kenichi
Published: September 2022

In their paper "A Functional Abstraction of Typed Contexts", Danvy and
Filinski show how to derive a monomorphic type system of the shift and reset
operators from a CPS semantics. In this paper, we show how this method scales
to Felleisen's control and prompt operators. Compared to shift and reset,
control and prompt exhibit a more dynamic behavior, in that they can manipulate
a trail of contexts surrounding the invocation of previously captured
continuations. Our key observation is that, by adopting a functional
representation of trails in the CPS semantics, we can derive a type system that
encodes all and only constraints imposed by the CPS semantics.
Collaboration between the FIP Young Pharmacists Group and Academic Pharmacy Section: What impact have we had on early career professionals?
Authors: Lim Renly , Sullivan Louisa
Published: September 2022

The International Pharmaceutical Federation Young Pharmacists Group (FIP YPG) and the Academic Pharmacy Section (AcPS) have worked together within the FIP for many years. This paper describes the collaboration between the YPG and AcPS and the impact this has had on YPG members over the past few decades. The FIP YPG records were reviewed to extract information on past collaborations. YPG members were contacted to learn about how being a FIP member or being part of programmes organised by YPG-AcPS has impacted their careers. A historical perspective and growth in YPG-AcPS collaborations over the years, including testimonials from past and current AcPS presidents, are presented to highlight some of their collaborations. Recent initiatives described include the launch of the YPG-AcPS Leadership Development Workshop, AcPS leaders serving as mentors in the FIP YPG Mentorship Programme, joint FIP digital events, and AcPS members contributing to the FIP YPG 20 years report.
Describing competency requirements for competency-based regulatory sciences education in sub-Saharan Africa – A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Ekeigwe Abigail , McGowan Bethany , Parker Loran , Byrn Steven , Clase Kari
Published: September 2022

Background: Competency-based regulatory sciences education could expand the workforce of regulatory scientists in sub-Saharan Africa. A competency framework is foundational to developing competency-based education.
Objective: To identify the entry-level competency requirements of regulatory scientists in sub-Saharan Africa.
Method: This research was a systematic review of the literature based on a pre-registered protocol. The research used the "framework synthesis" systematic review model to deductively identify competencies and code them into clusters with NVivo 12 software.
Result: Three broad clusters of competencies were identified – enabling behaviours, knowledge, and skills. The knowledge and skills clusters were further subdivided into sub-clusters: the knowledge cluster into administrative, regulatory governance/framework, and scientific knowledge, and the skills cluster into functional and technical skills.
Conclusion: The identified competencies will assist in developing an entry-level competency framework required for competency-based regulatory sciences education in sub-Saharan Africa.
What do preceptors want? A mixed methods study exploring pharmacist preceptor perceptions of their training and support needs at a regional Australian University
Authors: Knott Gillian Jane , Mylrea Martina , Glass Beverley
Published: September 2022

Background: Global demand for work-ready pharmacy graduates has highlighted the role of pharmacy preceptors and the need for training and support from universities. There remains a lack of consensus on the ideal requirements for preceptor training programmes.
Objective: To assess community pharmacy preceptor training and support requirements at a regional Australian University.
Method: A mixed method study using an online survey of community pharmacy preceptors of James Cook University, followed by qualitative semi-structured interviews.
Result: 55 preceptors completed the survey, and ten interviews were conducted. Preferred programme content included role clarification, a curriculum outline and management of poorly performing students. Demands on individuals’ time and workloads support a flexible online approach to training and highlight the importance of institutional support for optimal preceptor engagement and retention.
Conclusion: Good teaching and communication skills were considered by preceptors to be essential for their primary role in linking theory to practice for pharmacy students during experiential placements.
El anarquismo y la cuestión indígena. De la represión del Centenario a Napalpí
Authors: Burgstaller Ayelén
Published: September 2022

A partir del análisis de los periódicos La Protesta y La Antorcha examinaremos cómo fue abordada la cuestión indígena por el movimiento anarquista en la región del Norte Grande Argentino (NGA). El artículo comienza en 1911, luego de la represión del Centenario de la Revolución de Mayo y cuando el coronel Enrique Rostagno llevó adelante la segunda campaña militar al Gran Chaco, con el objetivo de incluir como fuerza de trabajo a las comunidades originarias en los obrajes madereros, yerbales e ingenios de azúcar. El punto de llegada recae en 1924, momento en el cual el Estado desplegó una represión en la reducción Napalpí, lo que marcó el final de una dinámica de desplazamiento forzado que habían fomentado los ingenios y obrajes desde finales del siglo XIX.
La cuestión del trabajo en el mundo clásico
Authors: Perelman Fajardo Marcelo
Published: September 2022

Se aborda en el presente trabajo una introducción a la cuestión del trabajo y de las relaciones laborales en el mundo clásico. En su primera parte, se hace foco en la concepción del trabajo que tenían los antiguos y en la consideración que les merecían los trabajadores, desde los artesanos hasta los campesinos. Incluye también una breve caracterización de las principales relaciones laborales en la antigüedad, desde la esclavitud hasta el trabajo asalariado. En la segunda parte, se bosquejan ciertas particularidades de las relaciones laborales en la historia de Esparta, de Atenas y de Roma.
Reflexiones en torno del trabajo en la Edad Media
Authors: Luchía Corina
Published: September 2022

Este trabajo propone una reflexión general sobre las diferentes estrategias de subordinación de la mano de obra, los modos de organización de los dominados y la conflictividad social en el feudalismo occidental. Asimismo, se analizarán las transformaciones históricas que se producen a lo largo de la Edad Media y que se traducen en las diversas valoraciones del trabajo y de los trabajadores, así como en la emergencia de nuevos actores y relaciones de producción.
Presentación del dossier
Authors: Volkind Pablo , Graciano Osvaldo
Published: September 2022

Presentación de dossier
Medical Students’ Experiences of Part-Time Hospital Work: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Nouri Ali , Pourghane Parand , Mansori Fatemeh , Salimi Salar , Oleson James
Published: September 2022

This qualitative study explored the experiences of medical science students of part-time hospital work. Twenty-four participants from Guilan University of Medical Sciences in Rasht, Iran were recruited purposively from the fields of nursing (10 students), surgery (4 students), laboratory sciences (4 students), radiology (3 students), and anesthesiology (3 students). Data were collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews and were analyzed through conventional content analysis. Data analysis identified three main themes and eight sub-themes: perceived personal benefits (effective learning, improved self-confidence, financial gain), organizational outcomes (operational benefits, unprofessional care delivery), unpleasant clinical environment (job burnout, financial strains, academic discouragement). The data indicate that part-time hospital work, although fostering learning and providing income, also poses challenges such as burnout for the student. Healthcare authorities, managers, and policy makers can use these findings to improve the effectiveness of students’ part-time work in hospital.