bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural Indices in Rupi Kaur’s Poetry: An Ecocritical Reading
Authors: Jaleel Jaleel Abd
Published: January 2024

Rupi Kaur is a Canadian young poet that employed natural elements in her poems to reflect the genuine human experiences. She has recently made great fame on social media and her poetry collections have made a great impact on Canadian literature. Her poetry can be analyzed through the ecocritical lens. Kaur’s poetry is not abstruse, or metaphysically oriented rather it is easy, and simple and reflects the plight of women and her journey from stumbling, falling, breaking, rising, and finally blooming. This journey sounds more like a non-human experience that is natural for instance the cycle of life of flowers. Through mobilizing several vivid images she channels the metaphors to human life in the form of natural images regarding feeling, shaping, flourishing, and prospering. The ecocritical approach is applied in this paper to pinpoint this common tendency among humans and their counterparts from non-human entities. Moreover, it casts the light on Kaur’s descriptive force and skillfulness in forming settings fit to her perpetual slippage from certain natural asset to the other. The paper also musters certain images, metaphors and other poetic devices to show the ecocritical awareness among people with reference to this modern approach that studies the interconnectedness between nature and culture. Applying of the ecocritical approach to Rupi Kaur’s poetry may afford a feasible solution to the physical/transcendental dualism, whereas we observe the formulation of hybrid identity that results from the merging of nature and human attitudes. This study traces the five sections of the Volume “The Sun and Her Flowers” and attributes them to the development of Rupi Kaur the woman.
Self-Reflexivity and Inter-textuality: A Study of Jostein Gaarder 's Sophie's World as a Meta-fictional Work
Authors: Sidiq Bushra Osman , Abdullah Ansam Riyadh
Published: January 2024

Jostein Gaarder (1952- ) is a Norwegian thinker and author of a great number of novels, short stories, and children's books among them Sophie's World. This novel deals with a number of issues, and uses a lot of postmodern techniques like meta-fiction. This paper is to explain the use of meta-fiction in the concerned novel to the readers as a postmodern element. Sophie's World, besides being a great philosophical one, it contains several meta-fictional elements like: the story has another story within, commenting on the story while telling it; the narrator exposes himself as both: a character and the narrator, and many more elements. The paper is divided into two sections and a conclusion. Section one deals theoretically with meta-fiction, self-reflexivity and inter-textuality as postmodern techniques. Section two is the analysis of the novel. At the end of the paper is the conclusion which will show the findings of the analysis. The paper end with the works cited.
Applying Variational Translation Theory on Selected Riddles from English into Arabic: a Case Study
Authors: Kadhim Ghafil Mohammed
Published: January 2024

A riddle is a discourse type of an associative dual textual structure. It is a form of humor which is found as a word game in any culture. The resolution of incongruous meaning and surprise on the semantic, cultural or grammatical level are its most important aspects that cause humor. This paper aims to discuss how to translate riddles from English into Arabic in order to see whether the equivalent riddle acts in Arabic as the same in English. The paper also tries to show how riddles under discussion are realized in Arabic under the above mentioned theory and whether their realization are effective as those of the SL texts. In addition, it is an attempt to give some remedies to the problems that may arise from translating these riddles into Arabic due to the differences that exist between Arabic and English on different levels. It is hypothesized that riddles are translatable in spite of any linguistic or cultural divergences between the SL and TL. It is also assumed under this new theory (VTT) that using communicative translation is more effective than using semantic translation in rendering riddles. It has been found that semantic translation succeeds in reproducing the humorous effect in the case where there is an accidental culture or linguistic systematic correspondence between the two languages.
A FOUCAULTIAN READING OF RESISTANCE IN CHINUA ACHEBE’S NOVEL "THINGS FALL APART "
Authors: Khalaf Sarab Husian , M. Saeed Rudaina Abdulrazzaq
Published: January 2024

The field of cultural, human and literature has taken the entire study of the concept of resistance, as this concept is linked to the French theorist Michel Foucault. He asserts that power is what caused us to be in the place where we are now. There is no separation between resistance and power, both come through the other. Chinua Achebe is the greatest and most famous writer in African literature. He attempts to find an escape from the colonial turn that invaded African literature, The goal of Achebe's writings is to enable the African people to have pride in their history. His novel "Things Fall Apart" focused on showing the tragic situation of the people of Africa, the impact of colonialism on Africa, its history and culture, and how the colonialists tried to obliterate the African identity. The study aims to analyze the novel "Things Fall Apart" in the light of the Foucauldian concept of resistance and how the characters demonstrated the rejection of colonialism and its resistance in the novel.
The impact of the SHOR strategy on fifth grade literary students' achievement in rhetoric and the development of their positive thinking
Authors: Hussein Al-Azzawi Rafid Ali
Published: January 2024

The current research aims: ((The effect of the SHOR strategy on the achievement of fifth grade literary students in rhetoric and the development of their positive thinking)). In order to achieve the goal of the study, the researcher relied on the experimental approach to demonstrate the impact of the strategy on the literary achievement of fifth grade students in rhetoric and the development of their positive thinking, the researcher formulated the appropriate hypotheses for his research. The current research was limited to students of the fifth literary grade in secondary schools for boys affiliated to the Directorate of Education of Salah al-Din for the academic year 2022-2023, and the researcher relied on the experimental design with partial control with a pre and post test. The research sample consisted of (63) students from the fifth literary grade in Yathrib High School, with (31) students for the experimental group and (32) students for the control group. the research, consisting of (40) items. He also prepared a measure for positive thinking consisting of (30) items of multiple-choice type. The results showed that the students of the experimental group who studied rhetoric within the steps of the SHOR strategy were distinguished over the students of the control group (in the traditional way).
Explanarion of the illiteracy of actions by Sheikh Yahya Faruq Chedi, a descriptive and analytical study
Authors: Tounes Talha Zaria
Published: January 2024

This is a research with titled: "Explanarion of the illiteracy of actions by Sheikh Yahya Faruq Chedi, a descriptive and analytical study". The research contains Introduction, three topics and a conclusion. The first topic was about Sheikh Yahya Faruq Chedi's personal and scientific life, and introduced his explanation to the illiterate actions in the second topic. Then the third topic is a explanations in the curriculum, sources, evidence. The research has been concluded with results of the research, and recommendations. Praise be to Allah, the chorister and sustainer of the worlds.
Prison experience in Faqe Qadir Hamawandi's poem
Authors: Mhamad Diar Mardan , Khalifa Avin Abdulqadir , Yuns Najmaldin Rostam
Published: January 2024

In This research focuses on prison poetry, which has an ancient history in Kurdish literature, and many famous Kurdish poets have been imprisoned in different eras because of their political attitudes and different opinions, and the famous Kurdish poet researcher Faqe Qadiri ham He has chosen Awandi to talk about one of the poets who recorded the most poems in prison. Prison poems are the result of the situation and reflection of the lives of the days in which the poet lived. Faqe Qadir's works describe a day when The situation in the region has caused many problems and complications because of the collapse of the Baban Emirate and the invasion of Southern Kurdistan by the Ottomans, the imprisonment of Faqe Qadir because of some of his poetic products to confront the invaders of Kurdistan and to express his sense of nationality, pride, nature, religion, suffering and suffering in prison... dedicate… In this research, based on the psychological method of some of Faqe Qadir's poems in prison, they have been put under the light of investigation
Developing students' emotional intelligence in the curriculum
Authors: Omar Hawar
Published: January 2024

This research presents the identification and development of students' emotional intelligence and implementation and use in the curriculum, which is a scientific research of educational language, the main step to improve students' abilities, thinking, problem solving and developing self-abilities Emotional in the textbook in order to develop and transfer information, stimulate, activate and guide students, which is achieved through education and training, based on the theory of emotional intelligence and learning theory and the main tasks that should be in the program The results of emotional intelligence have been worked on. Because of the importance of discussing the theory in detail, only the theoretical aspects of the study have been presented.
A Stylistic Study of "The School" by Donald Barthelme
Authors: Darwesh Nasrin Othman , Salih Muhammad Hasan
Published: January 2024

Unfolding meanings, aims, purposes, and other targets through the dissection of the language is possible but not trouble-free since the procedure needs an obvious awareness of the structure of the language and a deep insight into the text. This paper tries to analyze "The School", a short story by Donald Barthelme, stylistically by using the transitivity system, which is based on Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG), to reach the meanings which lie behind the words. The transitivity system is devised by Michael Halliday (1925-2018 -the British linguist), which consists of several process types. This system can externalize the meanings of the text through its clauses. Thus, the task of the present paper, as it is stated formerly, is to analyze the clauses in the chosen text adapting Halliday's transitivity system to obtain meanings related to the nature of the story. And analyzing the clauses of Barthelme's story, the nature of the story and the meanings are revealed as the study's major findings.
Persepolis: The Depiction of Childhood and Maturity Journeys Through Visual and Verbal Analysis
Authors: Abdul-Kareem Fatima Mohammed , Rasheed Lamiaa Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Marjane Satrapi's autobiographical series Persepolis is a set of comics written originally in the French language; and it recounts her life journey from childhood to early adulthood in Iran and Austria during and after the Islamic Revolution. The narrative is written in the form of graphic novel which is a sort of comics that combines both words and images. The Islamic Revolution was a critical moment in the history of Iran, overwhelmed every Iranian citizen, and ended up transforming the country from monarchal to Islamic governance. In the light of this upheaval, Marjane Satrapi visualizes her childhood and maturity through her graphic novel Persepolis. She utilizes the story to be her platform to open up about her challenges to break constraints that are imposed upon her as a woman in this newly shaped society and to call for reform and mercy for war victims. The current study aims at studying the figure of Marjane, the heroine of the story, her perceptions of certain events, her reactions in various moments and how she manages to save herself from all the obstacles that surround her . It will analyze the hidden lessons delivered by this narrative in the light of visual and verbal frames. The researcher attempts to answer how one may act in such hostile environment? what are the significance of writing autobiographical novel in the light of historical context? And how the form of graphic novel helps the author to deliver her message?
The Effect of Speaking Rate on the Voice Onset Time (VOT) of Bahdini Kurdish Stops
Authors: Naser Lureen Ibrahim , Saaed Saaed Adris
Published: January 2024

This research examines the effect of speaking rate on the voice onset time (VOT) of stop consonants in Bahdini Kurdish. 30 native speakers are chosen to take part in this study. VOT values are measured for all 10 Kurdish stop consonants produced by participants in carrier words in initial prevocalic onset position. The duration of the carrier word is also measured by using the Web MAUS service (Munich Automatic Segmentation), which is used for word duration measurements. Word duration measurements are compared to the VOT measurements to check whether they are both correlated or not based on laryngeal state and place of stop articulation (POA). Results reveal that there is an effect of speaking rate on VOT based on the three-way laryngeal contrast between the categories of voiced, voiceless aspirated and voiceless unaspirated stops in Bahdini Kurdish. VOT increases as word durations increase, which is inversely related to speaking rate. This means that VOT increases as speaking rate decreases. There is a systematic correlation between VOT and word duration based on different laryngeal states of voiced, voiceless aspirated and voiceless unaspirated stop categories. However, Place of Articulation (POA) does not show such an effect.
Investigating the Difference between the Conditionals (In) and (Itha) as Mentioned in the Holy Qur'an with Reference to Translation: Selected Verses
Authors: Mahmood Israa Amer , Neamah Hiba Kareem
Published: January 2024

According to grammarians In (إنْ) and Itha (إذا) are conditionals and sometimes they may be used interchangeably. However, when they are mentioned in the Holy Qur’an, they have their own specific use. This paper attempts to investigate their meanings in the source language as well as investigate their translations and find out any differences or similarities. The translations that are adopted in this research are as follows: Pickthall, Al-Hilali & Khan, and Shakir.
REACT MODEL and Teaching the Area of English Literature Focus
Authors: Abd-Aljabar Zainab Amer , Majeed Nahida Taha
Published: January 2024

The REACT methodology has been used to teach literary works in English. Students should be able to apply new knowledge and abilities to real-world circumstances, discuss and exchange information (work in pairs) in order to address problematic issues as a result of teaching. This methodology is intended to aid students in evaluating their prior knowledge and, as a result, improve their ability to comprehend the text at hand. Learning about English through literature is a common goal of English language education. It gives students a better understanding of the societal and political context of the target language society, as well as how a particular community communicates. This study highlights the significance of employing the REACT approach while educating students about literature. In other words, there are two parts to it: information on the REACT paradigm, and information on literature. In the end, the researcher reaches some findings.
Layers of Meaning in Maya Angelou's "Caged Bird"
Authors: Hassan Ali Ruwayda Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Maya Angelou was a renowned American poet, memoirist, and civil rights activist who had the talent of capturing the essence of the human spirit through her powerful words. Her poetry touched people’s minds and hearts offering a voice to those who had been silenced and shedding light on the realities of racism, injustice, and the struggles faced by marginalized communities. Social segregation, identity exploring, and the image of the body are some of the main themes portrayed in “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings” and many other poems. Maya Angelou's impact as a poet is undeniable, as she used her words to inspire and empower individuals to overcome adversity and fight for equality. Maya Angelou's metaphorical expressions allowed readers to perceive the world differently, encouraging introspection and fostering a deeper understanding of human experience. The aim of this study is to show how Angelou's metaphorical language in her poems helped to create vivid imagery and convey complex emotions through analyzing layers of meaning and metaphors which serve as a bridge between abstract concepts and tangible experiences, to allow readers to connect with her poetry on a deeply personal level.
Psychoanalytic Perspectives on The COVID-19 Pandemic in Sarah Hall’s Burntcoat and Sarah Moss’s The Fell
Authors: Dhannoon Iman Saud
Published: January 2024

Globally, pandemics and epidemics have been largely argued in literature. The calamity of COVID-19 has largely paralyzed individuals and societies. The research deals with fictional responses of individuals who are infected by coronavirus and the impact of the virus on the way of coping with each other and with the surrounding. The research deals with two English novels; Burntcoat (2021) by Sarah Hall and The Fell (2021) by Sarah Moss. These novels are chosen for the critical analysis due to the variety of themes. The texts chosen depict experiences of the victim characters during quarantine. The objectives of the research are to identify the characters that experienced the pandemic, analyzing their unconscious behavior. This will be done according to the Freudian psychoanalytic theory. Also, to examine the responses of the infected characters to the calamity based on Cathy Caruth’s trauma theory. And to show the impact of coronavirus on the selected characters in coping with others relaying on Judith Herman’s PTSD. The aim is to explore themes of isolation, dislocation, unconsciousness, and hysteria. This will be discussed within the limits of the main concepts of the psychoanalytic theory.
Examination of three postcolonial African writers' perspectives on third world feminism
Authors: Wagaa Ali Al-Juboori Intisar Mohammed
Published: January 2024

A variation of feminism known as postcolonial feminism emerged in opposition to feminism that exclusively addressed women's experiences in Western societies. In order to demonstrate how racism and the lasting political, economic, and cultural repercussions of colonialism affect non-white and non-Western women in the postcolonial globe, postcolonial feminism examines these issues. African feminism is a subset of feminism developed by African women that is focused on the issues and concerns of women in continental Africa (African women residing on the African continent). These feminism movements do not all represent the realities of African women because Africa is not a homogeneous continent. Some feminists are particularly focused on particular subgroups of African women, including movements with a national foundation, such as feminism in Sweden, feminism in India, feminism in Mexico, feminism in Japan, feminism in Germany, feminism in South Africa, etc. The concept of feminism for many African writers in the post-colonial era in the Third World has been the subject of widespread controversy, as it is seen as a feminist movement in line with and for African women in the diaspora instead of African women in the African continent. In this study, we present the perspectives of three African writers interested in the feminist movement about their vision of the concepts and role of the feminist movement in the post-colonial era in the Third World by shedding light on African feminist movements and the challenges they face. The study presents the vision of three African writers for the women's movement in the Third World in general and the African continent in particular in the post-colonial period through the emergence and development of the African feminist movement, and the three writers selected in this study are activists of the feminist movement inside Africa through their literary activity. Delusion: Molara Ogundipe-Leslie, Assia Djebar and Robert C.J.Young.
Critical Study of the Social Circumstances of the two Novels Tigers in ten days (los tigres al decimo dia ) and Lovina (luvina) as a sample
Authors: Kamal Hadeel Adil
Published: January 2024

La literatura comparada, como campo de estudio interpretativo, nos permite comprender obras literarias más allá de fronteras culturales y conectarlas entre sí a través del tiempo y el espacio, específicamente entre América Latina y los países árabes. España juega un papel importante como mediador cultural entre estas dos culturas, tanto en términos de historia como de su papel actual como país de la comunidad europea. Existe una gran similitud entre las sociedades árabe y latina como resultado de las circunstancias comunes que vivieron, y estas circunstancias se reflejan claramente en la literatura que surgió de ellas. Por lo tanto, encontramos que esta literatura en todas sus formas trata cuestiones políticas y sociales en el mismo estilo y temas. Está claro que existe una gran convergencia entre ellas, y a través de nuestro estudio y selección de estas dos obras literarias, aclararemos esta convergencia analizando el entorno y los elementos utilizados en cada una de las obras.
Implying and Suggesting: A Critical Stylistic Study of Gender Identity Crisis in Ebershoff's The Danish Girl
Authors: Hamdoon Asan Hashem
Published: January 2024

The paper attempts to portray a critical stylistic analysis of gender identity crisis as an ideology. Ginder identity crisis means a sense of conflict inside an individual as a result of mismatch between his/her biological sex and his/her gender identity. Selected passages from David Ebershoff' The Danish Girl (2000), are the data of the analysis. The novel talks about (Einar) who becomes unaware about his real gender. This sense of Einar occurs when his wife (Greta) asks him repeatedly to put on Anna's dress, a famous opera singer, whom Greta used to paint. The selected data presents Einar's suffering when he starts to believe that he has feminine features inside his body. The aim is to examine critically the language and to investigate the conceptual meaning of the terms in use. Further, the aim is to reveal the implicit meaning of the linguistic expressions that the writer has selected to reflect ginder identity crisis in (Einar). In such analysis, a tool which is taken from Jeffries' approach (2010) named "Implying and Assuming" is used. The stylistic features and technical terminology are presented in relation to the textual practices of implying and assuming. The results may provide social and psychological impacts on the novel's readers.
الصورة الفنية عند أبي قيس بن الأسلت
Authors: مهدي وسام جعفر
Published: January 2024

الصورة الشعرية عماد الشعر وقوامه، يسطرها الشاعر من تجاربه ومن ثقافته ومخزونه، من خلالها يعبر الشاعر عن أفكاره ومعانيه، فهي وسيلة الشاعر في تجسيد الفكرة والعاطفة في آن واحد، وتتخذ الصورة الشعرية أشكالًا متعددة تأتي تارة على هيأة صور بلاغية من تشبيه بأساليبه وأدواته المعروفة عند البلاغيين وتارة أخرى تكون من قبيل الاستعارة والكناية وقد تضمنت اشعار أبي قيس أنماطا مختلفة من الصورة الشعرية، الا أن الحظ الأوفر كان للتشبيه.
  والصورة الشعرية جزء مهم ينقل فيه الشاعر شعوره وتجربته الشعورية , وتظهر فيها قدرة الشاعر الفنية والجمالية, ويشترك في رسمها عناصر الصوت والدلالة واللون فضلا عن الحركة والخيال والجمال، ويظهر الشاعر فيها قدرته الإبداعية على رسم أجمل اللوحات الفنية في شكل أبيات شعرية، فالكلام وسيلة الشعراء في التعبير عن المعاني وعن مكنون صدورهم، ومن ثم تظهر جودة الشعر وقوته، وإذا كان الوزن أبرز خواص الشعر الصورة الشعرية وكان نتيجة حتمية لتصوير العاطفة، فالشاعر هو ذلك المبدع الذي يصور لنا العاطفة والخيال في قالبه الفني بتلك الصورة الشعرية التي يختارها.
A Socio-Pragmatic Study of Satire in English Political Speeches with Reference to Its Arabic Translations
Authors: Mohammed Wafaa Dahham
Published: January 2024

Satire is a typical mode of expression that is humorously utilized with the intent of attacking or criticizing a certain person, behavior, state, or the whole community. Satire, in political genres, is informatively manifested for materializing negative ends on the part of the satire entity. Satirical expressions are oppositely devised, critically held, and morally targeted; whereof a problematic area would arouse towards the perception of their incongruous targets, the extent of their critical dimensions about their aim of moral reform. Besides, translators would face the dilemma of satirical incongruity and their moral statues would inevitably differ.  Thence, five satirical texts with their translations randomly opted from the political site www. The week.com show debates political satire in English with its four renditions in Arabic. Socio- Pragmatic means for unraveling satirical mysteries are objectively culled. It is hypothesized that satire in political language comes with the intent of criticizing and ridiculing the political situation with the aim of getting reform. Bringing forth translational mechanisms for the renditions of covert intents based on cultural and communal grounds are attempted. In conclusion, most of the political satires are hostilely put forward against rather than reforming the political figures and the political situation. Most of the satirical expressions found no accurate renditions in the other language due to their discrepancy and the absence of contextual condition, paralinguistic cues and intonational patterns.
A pragma- linguistic Study of Hyperbole in Prophetic Traditions with its Realization in English
Authors: Salih Al- Darraji Nibras Mohammed
Published: January 2024

This research examines the use of hyperbole as a rhetorical device in Prophetic Traditions. Hyperbole is a common feature in these traditions, and this research aims to clarify its positive side through an analysis of fifteen selected Hadiths.

To analyse hyperbole in Prophetic Traditions, this research employs both linguistic and pragmatic analysis. The linguistic analysis focuses on the grammatical aspects of hyperbole, while the pragmatic analysis examines its function in different contexts. The data selection criteria for this research are based on the forms and functions of hyperbole. Then, this research presents some conclusions and references.
Strategies of Translating Arabic Religious Idioms into English
Authors: Yousif Mahmood Rihab Salam , Ali Marwah Kareem
Published: January 2024

Translating religious idioms from Arabic into English is regarded as a challenging task for translators. The hard nature of this task may indicate a significant misapprehension and misinterpretation of the original text in the process of translation. This, in turn, forms a problem to translators as how to translate these idioms appropriately. Therefore, this study aims, to identify the strategies faced by translators when translating religious idioms into Arabic. Additionally, the study aims to identify the strategies employed in translating such expressions. It hypothesizes. Translators frequently employ strategies when translating religious idiomatic expressions into English. The translation of opaque idioms presents a greater challenge compared to transparent idioms. Practically, the study sample includes a total of (4) religious idioms, selected from Arabic theses conducted of department of Islamic sciences and Arabic language at University of Tikrit. These (4) idioms were translated by (4) MA student in the department of translation, College of Arts, University of Tikrit. This study employs two models for date analysis, one is proposed by Moon (1998), which encompasses four distinct categories of idiomatic expressions, namely transparent, semi-transparent, opaque, and semi-opaque. Nida's (1961) proposed translation strategies differentiate between two approaches, namely the formal and dynamic equivalence methods. The study reveals that M.A. students encounter numerous obstacles when translating religious idioms, primarily due to lack of understanding regarding the cultural disparities between the English and Arabic language.
The Effect of Suchman Strategy as a Style in Cognitive Skill (TEOSSAASICS)
Authors: Hassan Abbas Mina Mohammed , Saleh Madeha Saif AI-Deen
Published: January 2024

The goal current study is to determine how the Suchman strategy effects on EFL Iraqi intermediate  pupils achievement. When implemented well, they will have real effect on pupils' performance and provide diversity in the method that pupils process new knowledge. In order to achieve the study aims, the following hypotheses have been formulated. In the post achievement test, there is no statistical significant difference between the mean scores of experimental group, which is taught using Suchman strategy and control group, which is taught using prescribed method. A sample of sixty pupils have been randomly selected from the first intermediate class at AL-Marab Intermediate School for Boys at Kirkuk City for the academic year 2022-2023 in order to carry out the pupils' and validate its assumptions. Both groups are equalized in some important factors including educational levels of the parents, the age of pupils', their test results from their previous schooling year, and  their pretest scores for both groups. The researcher himself has taught both groups. The two groups are equally divided into the experimental group,  group (A), that made up  of (30) pupils which  have been taught according to the Suchman strategies. The control group, group (B), made up of (30) pupils which have been taught according to the prescribed method. According to the results, there is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group in the pre-test achievement. Moreover, the pupils in the experimental group were guided by the Suchman strategy to attain better achievement at the post tests. Finally, appropriate conclusions, recommendations and suggestions for further studies are put forward.
أنواع شعر الرثاء في كتب الحماسات
Authors: ابراهيم هديل ثامر , حسين الجبوري محمد سعيد
Published: January 2024

تناول هذا البحث أنواع شعر الرثاء في كتب الحماسات الذي احتل منزلة كبيرة بين أغراض الشعر الأخرى فقد واكب التطور الذي طرأ على الشعر العربي وكان له دور في نقل مجريات الأحداث على مر العصور كونه الوسيلة الوحيدة القادرة على نقل المآسي والمعاناة ، إذ يعد من أروع فنون الشعر ، وارقاها ، وأكثرها قرباَ الى المتلقي ، لذا فأن غرض الرثاء من الأغراض الأصلية التي نقلت الصور والعواطف والمشاعر الحزينة لدى الشعراء في العصور المختلفة ،إذ تطورت صوره وتعددت دواعيه وتنوعت أنواعه( ندباً وتأبيناً وعزاءً) في عصور الأدب العربي جميعها .
Kurdish Nationalism Discourse ( Illusory reaction of fear and extermination )
Authors: Amin- M. N. Amin Muhammad , Adel Ali Beston
Published: January 2024

migration, separation, hatred and so on The opposite is true, when the discourse of the poets is reflected in the puzzle of resistance and attempts to embody the struggle and prove national identity. This research, entitled (Discourse of Kurdish Nationalism (Reaction to the Illusion of Fear and Expression)) attempts to highlight the importance of

the discourse of resistance in the city The poems of some poets, which are reflected in their poems according to the stages of Kurdish poetry. As a reaction to the oppression that creates hatred in the minds of the defenders.
The analysis of some parts of Hemin Mukryanyi's Nalay Judayi poem in terms of speech acts
Authors: Ali Koyan Hazhar , Salah Sarwar Sadulla
Published: January 2024

The linguistic revolution of Wittgenstein and the usage of language as a game was based to come up a new theory entitled speech act theory that founded by Austin and then developed by Searle. In this aspect, Austin believed that every statement it does not mean a description of a situation and its intention of stating a declaration rather speaker in stating some statements doing something. The research allocated to analyse and interpret the speech acts of some texts of (Nallay Judaiy) Hemin. The significance of the study is associate language and literature together. It means it makes language as a core of attention and investigation, another significance of the study uncover the intentions of the text. Though, there are some hidden intentions in the text. The research illustrat  the result that the poet (speaker) creatively expressed his intention in term of indirect speech act to the receiver. It seems that every act expressed through statement, demand and question sentences and directed to the receiver. So, the acts of complaining, requesting and recommending are mostly used in the texts, it means they are allocated first step for themselves.
Digital Signature Verification System Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors:   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Mishra Aman Kumar , Dubey Dr.Shivani ,   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute)  Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Singhal Prof.Vikas ,   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Gupta Dr.Pankaj ,   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India
Published: January 2024

The design, development, and evaluation of a signature verification system, a critical component of biometric authentication. The study employs two primary datasets, the MCYT (MasterCard Young Teenager) Signature Dataset and the GPDS (Greek Sign Language Recognition) Signature Dataset, to assess the system's adaptability and accuracy. The MCYT dataset, featuring 6600 signature samples, provides variability in writing styles and demographic information for potential nuanced analyses. In contrast, the GPDS dataset, comprising 4000 signatures, introduces dynamic signing variations during Greek Sign Language communication. The project aims to develop a robust signature verification system capable of handling diverse scenarios, ultimately contributing to the advancement of biometric technology. The research combines insights from real-world variability and linguistic nuances, offering a comprehensive understanding of the system's effectiveness.
Performance Analysis of Share Market by Using ML Technique
Authors:   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute)  Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Telange Vedant , Dubey Dr.Shivani ,   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Sahu Dr.Ajay Kumar ,   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Singhal Prof.Vikas ,   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India
Published: January 2024

This research paper delves into the intricate world of stock market analysis, exploring the application of machine learning techniques to enhance performance evaluation. The study adopts multifaceted approach, combining historical stock market data, advanced machine learning algorithms, and rigorous back testing to derive insights into market dynamics. The findings aim to contribute to the growing body of literature on financial analytics, providing valuable implications for investors and financial professionals.
Performance Analysis of Share Market by using ML Technique
Authors:   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Kumar Shubham , Dubey Dr.Shivani ,   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Sahu Dr.Ajay Kumar ,   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Singhal Prof.Vikas ,   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Gupta Dr.Pankaj ,   Department - Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engineering Institute) Gautam Buddh Nagar, India
Published: January 2024

This research investigates the transformative impact of machine learning (ML) on stock market analysis, assessing its potential benefits and confronting associated challenges. The study employs various ML models, including regression, classification, clustering, and natural language processing, to analyze extensive datasets comprising historical stock prices, financial indicators, economic data, and sentiment from social media. Key findings reveal that ML models exhibit superior accuracy in forecasting market movements and stock prices compared to traditional methods. Automated anomaly detection algorithms demonstrate proficiency in identifying unusual market behaviour, offering timely warnings for potential market shifts and fraudulent activities. ML-powered risk assessment tools showcase the capacity to personalize investment strategies based on individual preferences, augmenting decision-making for investors. Despite challenges such as data quality, model selection, and ethical considerations, the research underscores the undeniable potential of ML in stock market analysis. Rigorous methodologies, including data preprocessing, feature engineering, and model evaluation, contribute to the robustness of the findings. Ethical considerations, including algorithmic biases and transparency are thoroughly explored to ensure responsible application in the financial domain.
Airport Infrastructure Development: A Comprehensive Impact Review
Authors: Melgar Sebastian , Torres-Polo Marta , Tobon Sandra
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Airports play a vital role in global transportation networks, facilitating the movement of people, goods, and services, while also serving as catalysts for economic growth; however, it also has an environmental and social impact that needs to be analyzed. This literature review aims to address knowledge gaps concerning the influence of airport infrastructure on economic, socio-economic, environmental, and sustainability factors.
 
Theoretical Framework: Adopts a multidisciplinary approach, blending economic, environmental, and societal theories of impact.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The SPAR-4-SLR protocol was utilized, analyzing a comprehensive set of 32 scientific papers categorized within the previously mentioned areas.
 
Findings: Several areas were identified that require further investigation, including strategies to mitigate the environmental impact of airports, assessment of socio-economic implications on local communities, and ensuring the long-term sustainability of airport operations.
 
Originality/Value: Going beyond the conventional focus, the study provides original insights that extend the understanding of direct economic benefits, environmental consequences, and societal impacts. By synthesizing diverse perspectives, this research contributes significantly to the discourse on airport development, making it an invaluable resource for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers.
The Evolution of Humanitarian Discourse - Four episodes of colonial violence debate in New Zealand, circa. 1860-1907
Authors:   , Bassett Emma
Published: January 2024

This thesis uses discourse analysis to explore humanitarian discourse in the interplay of arguments for and against official policies harmful to Indigenous peoples in four select episodes of colonial violence. It seeks to extend our understanding of the logics of colonial violence between circa. 1860 and 1907. The four episodes examined are: the “pamphlet war” debating Governor Thomas Gore Browne’s actions in connection with the Taranaki war during the period 1860-1862; debate on the confiscation of Māori land during the period 1863-1864; debate on the government’s actions in connection with the invasion of Parihaka during the period 1879-1881; and debate on New Zealand’s annexation and administration of the Cook Islands during the period 1898-1907.

The humanitarian discourse used in colonial violence debate changed significantly during the period under review. During the Taranaki “pamphlet war” Browne’s critics and supporters debated his actions in rights-based discourses with strong roots in British humanitarianism. Browne’s critics judged his conduct against the British civilising mission. Humanitarian discourse underpinned by opposing notions of amalgamation was important in both justifying and opposing confiscation. Humanitarian discourse continued to evolve in new, harder ground in debates over Parihaka. Changes in racial thinking, settler demographics, and views of Te Tiriti pared humanitarian discourse back to first principles. By 1900, the British civilising mission had evolved into the more secular “white man’s burden”. Humanitarian discourse was used, rather unsuccessfully, to oppose colonial violence. But it was also consistently used as a tool that allowed Europeans to reconcile demands for land, effective sovereignty, and prestige with professed concern for the welfare and rights of the Indigenous peoples who were displaced, rendered landless, and disenfranchised by processes of colonialism.

The legacy of the humanitarian discourse observed in this thesis reverberates in the present in the way non-Indigenous peoples think about history; and represent, advocate for, and engage with Indigenous peoples on issues that affect them. Engaging with the history of humanitarian discourse in colonial violence debate, and the wider history of the logics of colonial violence, is key to understanding the roots of these issues, and a crucial step on the path contemporary non-Indigenous people must take to decolonise discourse.
Identifikasi penyebab kurangnya minat siswa terhadap ekstrakurikuler wushu
Authors: Suherman William , Wisnu Hari
Published: January 2024

Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler adalah kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh sekolah yang sudah teratur jelas dan terjadwal dengan sistematik yang merupakan program utama dalam proses mendidik siswa. Dalam melaksanakan tiap kegiatan siswa tentu memerlukan fasilitas dan dukungan dari berbagai pihak untuk menunjang keberhasilannya, dalam kasus ini peminatan ekstrakurikuler wushu sangat kurang diminati siswa sehingga peserta ekstrakurikuler wushu menjadi sedikit. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kurangnya minat siswa terhadap ekstrakurikuler wushu. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan angket dengan sampel siswa yang tidak mengikuti ekstrakurikuler wushu yang telah divalidasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 24 menggunakan metode regresi linear berganda menunjukkan Faktor-faktor  yang berkontribusi terhadap ketidakminatan siswa yang terbesar adalah faktor keluarga dengan nilai  0.257, faktor Inner Urges dengan nilai 0.249 dan faktor Emotional Motive dengan nilai sebesar 0.222  sehingga dapat di katakan faktor yang paling dominan dalam penyebab kurangnya minat siswa pada ekstrakurikuler wushu.
Relasi antara kecemasan, gender, dan hasil belajar senam lantai
Authors: Kumala Hendy Ditya , Maksum Ali
Published: January 2024

Di sekolah proses pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani, aktivitas senam merupakan wahana untuk mengembangkan keterampilan gerak tubuh dan kebugaran jasmani. Banyak siswa yang merasa cemas untuk melakukan pembelajaran gerak guling depan dan guling belakang, sehingga hasil belajarnya tidak optimal. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk menguji relasi antara tingkat kecemasan dan hasil belajar guling dalam senam lantai. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menguji perbedaan tingkat kecemasan dan hasil belajar guling berdasarkan gender. Sebagai subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas 7 SMP Laboratorium UNESA. Jumlah siswa yang diteliti yaitu 48 siswa, terdiri dari 29 siswa laki-laki dan 19 siswa perempuan. Data dikumpulkan dengan angket dan tes performa. Dalam penelitian menggunakan analisis korelasi dan uji T. Penelitian menunjukkan hasil tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kecemasan siswa dan hasil belajar guling dalam senam lantai, baik guling depan maupun guling belakang. Kecemasan siswa melakukan guling depan berkorelasi signifikan dengan kecemasan siswa melakukan guling belakang. Dalam melakukan guling belakang, terdapat perbedaan tingkat kecemasan antara siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan. Lebih cemas siswa perempuan dibandingkan siswa laki-laki. Hasil belajar guling depan siswa laki-laki lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa perempuan, sementara pada guling belakang tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan.
Penerapan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) terhadap dampak obesitas selama pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Pamungkas Gayuh Nirwana , Wahjuni Endang Sri
Published: January 2024

Penerapan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) terus digalakkan pada masa pandemi Covid-19. PHBS diharapkan mampu mencegah penularan Covid-19 melalui menjaga kebersihan dan kesehatan lingkungan. Selain itu, menjaga kebugaran tubuh dengan pola makan yang sehat dan bergizi serta berolahraga secara teratur akan meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh. Apabila daya tahan tubuh meningkat, maka tubuh akan kebal terhadap penularan Covid-19. Selain menerapkan PHBS, pemerintah telah mewajibkan program School From Home (SFH) dan Work From Home (WFH). Perubahan kebiasaan melalui SFH dan WFH memberikan resiko obesitas akibat berkurangnya aktivitas fisik. Hal ini akan menjadi permasalahan baru apabila tidak ada kesadaran terhadap pentingnya menjaga pola makan dan olahraga teratur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pandangan mengenai penerapan PHBS secara jangka panjang terhadap dampak obesitas selama pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode kajian literatur berdasarkan studi kepustakaan dari berbagai sumber bacaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PHBS selama ini hanya ditekankan pada pola hidup bersih dan sehat melalui cuci tangan, physical distancing, dan makan makanan sehat. Penurunan aktivitas fisik terjadi karena adanya karantina dan SFH/WFH yang akan mengakibatkan terjadinya obesitas dan peningkatan konsumsi junkfood karena daya beli masyarakat berkurang. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, maka perlunya edukasi mengenai olahraga teratur yang dilakukan di sekolah-sekolah meskipun melalui kelas daring. Dengan ini, menjaga kebersihan dan konsumsi makan makanan yang sehat akan seimbang dengan dilakukannya olahraga secara rutin untuk menjaga daya tahan tubuh, mencegah obesitas, serta terhindar dari penularan Covid-19.
Survei status gizi siswa pada SD Bina Anak Soleh di Tuban
Authors: Firmansyah Ilham Satriya , Nurhayati Faridha
Published: January 2024

Tubuh yang ideal menjadi salah satu tolok ukur derajat sehat. Indeks massa tubuh (IMT) digunakan sebagai salah satu ukuran dari bentuk tubuh seseorang. Bentuk tubuh yang tidak ideal saat ini dialami di berbagai tingkat usia, bahkan pada siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi status gizi seluruh siswa SD Bina Anak Soleh di kabupaten Tuban. Termasuk dalam jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan memanfaatkan metode survey. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 160 siswa (perempuan= 88 orang dan laki-laki= 72 orang). Pengukuran status gizi diukur menggunakan IMT/U. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 11 orang (6,9%) masuk dalam kategori kurus, 102 orang (63,75%) masuk kategori normal, 47 orang (29,3%) masuk dalam kategori kelebihan berat badan.