bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonographic and Histological Correlation after Experimental Reconstruction of a Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury with Adipose Tissue
Authors: Leiva-Cepas Fernando , Benito-Ysamat Alberto , Jimena Ignacio , Jimenez-Diaz Fernando , Gil-Belmonte Maria Jesus , Ruz-Caracuel Ignacio , Villalba Rafael , Peña-Amaro Jose
Published: June 2021

Different types of scaffolds are used to reconstruct muscle volume loss injuries. In this experimental study, we correlated ultrasound observations with histological findings in a muscle volume loss injury reconstructed with autologous adipose tissue. The outcome is compared with decellularized and porous matrix implants. Autologous adipose tissue, decellularized matrix, and a porous collagen matrix were implanted in volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries generated on the anterior tibial muscles of Wistar rats. Sixty days after implantation, ultrasound findings were compared with histological and histomorphometric analysis. The muscles with an autologous adipose tissue implant exhibited an ultrasound pattern that was quite similar to that of the regenerative control muscles. From a histological point of view, the defects had been occupied by newly formed muscle tissue with certain structural abnormalities that would explain the differences between the ultrasound patterns of the normal control muscles and the regenerated ones. While the decellularized muscle matrix implant resulted in fibrosis and an inflammatory response, the porous collagen matrix implant was replaced by regenerative muscle fibers with neurogenic atrophy and fibrosis. In both cases, the ultrasound images reflected echogenic, echotextural, and vascular changes compatible with the histological findings of failed muscle regeneration. The ultrasound analysis confirmed the histological findings observed in the VML injuries reconstructed by autologous adipose tissue implantation. Ultrasound can be a useful tool for evaluating the structure of muscles reconstructed through tissue engineering.
Life and Death of Immature Neurons in the Juvenile and Adult Primate Amygdala
Authors: Chareyron Loïc J. , Banta Lavenex Pamela , Amaral David G. , Lavenex Pierre
Published: June 2021

In recent years, a large population of immature neurons has been documented in the paralaminar nucleus of the primate amygdala. A substantial fraction of these immature neurons differentiate into mature neurons during postnatal development or following selective lesion of the hippocampus. Notwithstanding a growing number of studies on the origin and fate of these immature neurons, fundamental questions about the life and death of these neurons remain. Here, we briefly summarize what is currently known about the immature neurons present in the primate ventral amygdala during development and in adulthood, as well as following selective hippocampal lesions. We provide evidence confirming that the distribution of immature neurons extends to the anterior portions of the entorhinal cortex and layer II of the perirhinal cortex. We also provide novel arguments derived from stereological estimates of the number of mature and immature neurons, which support the view that the migration of immature neurons from the lateral ventricle accompanies neuronal maturation in the primate amygdala at all ages. Finally, we propose and discuss the hypothesis that increased migration and maturation of neurons in the amygdala following hippocampal dysfunction may be linked to behavioral alterations associated with certain neurodevelopmental disorders.
How Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy Expanded Our Mechanistic Understanding of RNA Polymerase II Transcription
Authors: Hoboth Peter , Šebesta Ondřej , Hozák Pavel
Published: June 2021

Classical models of gene expression were built using genetics and biochemistry. Although these approaches are powerful, they have very limited consideration of the spatial and temporal organization of gene expression. Although the spatial organization and dynamics of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription machinery have fundamental functional consequences for gene expression, its detailed studies have been abrogated by the limits of classical light microscopy for a long time. The advent of super-resolution microscopy (SRM) techniques allowed for the visualization of the RNAPII transcription machinery with nanometer resolution and millisecond precision. In this review, we summarize the recent methodological advances in SRM, focus on its application for studies of the nanoscale organization in space and time of RNAPII transcription, and discuss its consequences for the mechanistic understanding of gene expression.
Improvement of Biophysical Properties and Affinity of a Human Anti-L1CAM Therapeutic Antibody through Antibody Engineering Based on Computational Methods
Authors: Chae Heesu , Cho Seulki , Jeong Munsik , Kwon Kiyoung , Choi Dongwook , Lee Jaeyoung , Nam Woosuk , Hong Jisu , Lee Jiwoo , Yoon Seonjoo , Hong Hyojeong
Published: June 2021

The biophysical properties of therapeutic antibodies influence their manufacturability, efficacy, and safety. To develop an anti-cancer antibody, we previously generated a human monoclonal antibody (Ab417) that specifically binds to L1 cell adhesion molecule with a high affinity, and we validated its anti-tumor activity and mechanism of action in human cholangiocarcinoma xenograft models. In the present study, we aimed to improve the biophysical properties of Ab417. We designed 20 variants of Ab417 with reduced aggregation propensity, less potential post-translational modification (PTM) motifs, and the lowest predicted immunogenicity using computational methods. Next, we constructed these variants to analyze their expression levels and antigen-binding activities. One variant (Ab612)—which contains six substitutions for reduced surface hydrophobicity, removal of PTM, and change to the germline residue—exhibited an increased expression level and antigen-binding activity compared to Ab417. In further studies, compared to Ab417, Ab612 showed improved biophysical properties, including reduced aggregation propensity, increased stability, higher purification yield, lower pI, higher affinity, and greater in vivo anti-tumor efficacy. Additionally, we generated a highly productive and stable research cell bank (RCB) and scaled up the production process to 50 L, yielding 6.6 g/L of Ab612. The RCB will be used for preclinical development of Ab612.
A Comparative Investigation of Prevalent Hydrodynamic Modelling Approaches for Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations: A TetraSpar Case Study
Authors: Thomsen Jonas Bjerg , Têtu Amélie , Stiesdal Henrik
Published: June 2021

Numerical models have been used extensively in the design process of the TetraSpar floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) foundation to optimize and investigate the influence from a number of structural and environmental conditions. In traditional offshore design, either the Morison approach or a linear boundary element method (BEM) is applied to investigate the hydrodynamic loads on a structure. The present study investigated and compared these two methods and evaluated their applicability on the TetraSpar FOWT concept. Furthermore, a hybrid model containing load contributions from both approaches was evaluated. This study focuses on motion response. In the evaluation, hydrodynamic data from BEM codes are applied, while the commercial software package OrcaFlex is utilized for time series simulations of the coupled structure. The investigation highlights the difference between the modelling approaches and the importance of particularly drag and inertia contributions. By optimizing the input coefficients, reasonable agreement between the models can be achieved.
Bitcoin and Portfolio Diversification: A Portfolio Optimization Approach
Authors: Bakry Walid , Rashid Audil , Al-Mohamad Somar , El-Kanj Nasser
Published: June 2021

This study investigates the performance of Bitcoin as a diversifier under different constraining portfolio optimization frameworks. The study employs different constraining optimization frameworks that seek to maximize risk-adjusted returns (Sharpe ratio) of the portfolio by optimizing allocations to each asset class (asset allocation). The performance attributes are evaluated by comparing the portfolios both with and without Bitcoin under frameworks ranging from equal-weighted, risk-parity, and semi-constrained to unconstrained. This study suggests that Bitcoin, due to its exotic nature, unwavering appeal, and unknown set of drivers, could act as a diversifier in normal market conditions, and it might also have some borderline hedge to safe haven properties. The results further suggest that while Bitcoin may be a potential diversifier for a risk-seeking investor, the risk-averse investor must exercise caution by limiting their exposure to Bitcoin in their portfolios, as unnecessary exposure may increase the probability of losses in extreme market conditions.
Financial Risk and Better Returns through Smart Beta Exchange-Traded Funds?
Authors: Bowes Jordan , Ausloos Marcel
Published: June 2021

Smart beta exchange-traded funds (SB ETFs) have caught the attention of investors due to their supposed ability to offer a better risk–return trade-off than traditionally structured passive indices. Yet, research covering the performance of SB ETFs benchmarked to traditional cap-weighted market indices remains relatively scarce. There is a lack of empirical evidence enforcing this phenomenon. Extending the work of Glushkov (“How Smart are “Smart Beta” ETFs? …”, 2016), we provide a quantitative analysis of the performance of 145 EU-domicile SB ETFs over a 12 year period, from 30 December 2005 to 31 December 2017, belonging to 9 sub-categories. We outline which criteria were retained such that the investigated ETFs had at least 12 consecutive monthly returns data. We consider three models: the Sharpe–Lintner capital asset pricing model, the Fama–French three-factor model, and the Carhart four-factor model, discussed in the literature review sections, in order to assess the factor exposure of each fund to market, size, value, and momentum factors, according to the pertinent model. In order to do so, the sample of SB ETFs and benchmarks underwent a series of numerical assessments in order to aim at explaining both performance and risk. The measures chosen are the Annualised Total Return, the Annualised Volatility, the Annualised Sharpe Ratio, and the Annualised Relative Return (ARR). Of the sub-categories that achieved greater ARRs, only two SB categories, equal and momentum, are able to certify better risk-adjusted returns.
Tax Rates and Tax Revenues in the Context of Tax Competitiveness
Authors: Helcmanovská Martina , Andrejovská Alena
Published: June 2021

The diverse tax burdens and economic situations of EU member states are causing investors to relocate their investments to countries that offer better tax conditions and a better economic environment. The total amount of corporate tax revenue is therefore influenced by tax, macroeconomic and other indicators. This paper assesses the importance of tax revenues and tax rates in the context of tax competitiveness in EU states. The aim of the paper is to determine the impact of selected indicators on corporate tax revenues in EU states for the period 2004 to 2019. The source data were drawn from the databases of the European Commission (2021) and The World Bank (2021). The set goal was complemented by an analysis of tax rates and subsequent comparison with corporate tax revenues. Multiple regression analysis was performed to achieve the goal. Two econometric models were compiled that followed the same variables, with the EU13 model dealing with the new member states and the EU15 model dealing with the old EU member states. The results showed that the variables statutory and average effective tax rate do not have a decisive influence on corporate tax revenues in either model. In the new states, the unemployment rate has the most statistically significant effect, while in the old countries GDP has the biggest effect. The result of this work is that there are differences between the new and old member states at different levels, which was ultimately reflected in the different impact of tax and macroeconomic indicators on corporate tax revenues.
The Effect of Probiotics on Health Outcomes in the Elderly: A Systematic Review of Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Studies
Authors: Hutchinson Ashley N. , Bergh Cecilia , Kruger Kirsten , Sűsserová Martina , Allen Jessica , Améen Sophie , Tingö Lina
Published: June 2021

Increasing evidence suggests that probiotic supplementation may be efficacious in counteracting age-related shifts in gut microbiota composition and diversity, thereby impacting health outcomes and promoting healthy aging. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with probiotics in healthy older adults have utilized a wide variety of strains and focused on several different outcomes with conflicting results. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to determine which outcomes have been investigated in randomized controlled trials with probiotic supplementation in healthy older adults and what has been the effect of these interventions. For inclusion, studies reporting on randomized controlled trials with probiotic and synbiotic supplements in healthy older adults (defined as minimum age of 60 years) were considered. Studies reporting clinical trials in specific patient groups or unhealthy participants were excluded. In addition to assessment of eligibility and data extraction, each study was examined for risk of bias and quality assessment was performed by two independent reviewers. Due to the heterogeneity of outcomes, strains, study design, duration, and methodology, we did not perform any meta-analyses and instead provided a narrative overview of the outcomes examined. Of 1997 potentially eligible publications, 17 studies were included in this review. The risk of bias was low, although several studies failed to adequately describe random sequence generation, allocation concealment, and blinding. The overall study quality was high; however, many studies did not include sample calculations, and the majority of studies had a small sample size. The main outcomes examined in the trials included microbiota composition, immune-related measurements, digestive health, general well-being, cognitive function, and lipid and other biomarkers. The most commonly assessed outcome with the most consistent effect was microbiota composition; all but one study with this outcome showed significant effects on gut microbiota composition in healthy older adults. Overall, probiotic supplementation had modest effects on markers of humoral immunity, immune cell population levels and activity, as well as the incidence and duration of the common cold and other infections with some conflicting results. Digestive health, general-well-being, cognitive function, and lipid and other biomarkers were investigated in a very small number of studies; therefore, the impact on these outcomes remains inconclusive. Probiotics appear to be efficacious in modifying gut microbiota composition in healthy older adults and have moderate effects on immune function. However, the effect of probiotic supplementation on other health outcomes remains inconclusive, highlighting the need for more well-designed, sufficiently-powered studies to investigate if and the mechanisms by which probiotics impact healthy aging.
Inventory of Locations of Old Mining Works Using LiDAR Data: A Case Study in Slovakia
Authors: Bindzarova Gergelova Marcela , Labant Slavomir , Mizak Jozef , Sustek Pavel , Leicher Lubomir
Published: June 2021

The concept of further sustainable development in the area of administration of the register of old mining works and recent mining works in Slovakia requires precise determination of the locations of the objects that constitute it. The objects in this register have their uniqueness linked with the history of mining in Slovakia. The state of positional accuracy in the registration of objects in its current form is unsatisfactory. Different database sources containing the locations of the old mining works are insufficient and show significant locational deviations. For this reason, it is necessary to precisely locate old mining works using modern measuring technologies. The most effective approach to solving this problem is the use of LiDAR data, which at the same time allow determining the position and above-ground shape of old mining works. Two localities with significant mining history were selected for this case study. Positional deviations in the location of old mining works among the selected data were determined from the register of old mining works in Slovakia, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) measurements, multidirectional hill-shading using LiDAR, and accessible data from the open street map. To compare the positions of identical old mining works from the selected database sources, we established differences in the coordinates (ΔX, ΔY) and calculated the positional deviations of the same objects. The average positional deviation in the total count of nineteen objects comparing documents, LiDAR data, and the register was 33.6 m. Comparing the locations of twelve old mining works between the LiDAR data and the open street map, the average positional deviation was 16.3 m. Between the data sources from GNSS and the registry of old mining works, the average positional deviation of four selected objects was 39.17 m.
Development of a Bio-Layer Interferometry-Based Protease Assay Using HIV-1 Protease as a Model
Authors: Miczi Márió , Diós Ádám , Bozóki Beáta , Tőzsér József , Mótyán János András
Published: June 2021

Proteolytic enzymes have great significance in medicine and the pharmaceutical industry and are applied in multiple fields of life sciences. Therefore, cost-efficient, reliable and sensitive real-time monitoring methods are highly desirable to measure protease activity. In this paper, we describe the development of a new experimental approach for investigation of proteolytic enzymes. The method was designed by the combination of recombinant fusion protein substrates and bio-layer interferometry (BLI). The protease (PR) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was applied as model enzyme to set up and test the method. The principle of the assay is that the recombinant protein substrates immobilized to the surface of biosensor are specifically cleaved by the PR, and the substrate processing can be followed by measuring change in the layer thickness by optical measurement. We successfully used this method to detect the HIV-1 PR activity in real time, and the initial rate of the signal decrease was found to be proportional to the enzyme activity. Substrates representing wild-type and modified cleavage sites were designed to study HIV-1 PR’s specificity, and the BLI-based measurements showed differential cleavage efficiency of the substrates, which was proven by enzyme kinetic measurements. We applied this BLI-based assay to experimentally confirm the existence of extended binding sites at the surface of HIV-1 PR. We found the measurements may be performed using lysates of cells expressing the fusion protein, without primary purification of the substrate. The designed BLI-based protease assay is high-throughput-compatible and enables real-time and small-volume measurements, thus providing a new and versatile approach to study proteolytic enzymes.
Organization of medical personnel training during a new type of coronavirus pandemic: experience of the medico-biological university of innovation and continuing education (Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center Of Federal Medical Biological Agency)
Authors: Kuznetsova Olga
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of organizing training of doctors during a new type of coronavirus pandemic. The author describes the experience of the Federal research center in training doctors to work in infectious diseases hospitals.
Much attention is paid to the organization of the educational process for residents and postgraduates. The describes the experience about the importance of the experience gained for understanding the prospects of the education system and the great role of the teaching staff in overcoming the difficulties caused by the COVID-2019 pandemic.
Control in the work of the paramedic
Authors: Kuritsyn Vasily , Kropotova Svetlana
Published: June 2021

For many people, «control» means limitation, coercion, lack of independence. Most employees, regardless of their position, experience psychological stress, becoming an object of control. That is why there is a need to consider the essence of the control function in the work of the heads of nursing services, the practical and psychological features of its implementation.
Expanding the professional competence of a nurse in the provision of medical and rehabilitation care on the example of intestinal stoma patients
Authors: Antyushko Tamara , Plotnikova Elena
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study was to examine the process of acquisition of specialist knowledge by nursing staff on caring for ostomy patients. Results. It was found that the ostomy care section, which previously was included in the Nursing Fundamentals program, does not cover all issues related to the main stages of comprehensive rehabilitation. In this regard, it was decided to create an innovative project to organize a special integrated course «Ostomy Therapy Fundamentals» for the Nursing specialty, the main objective of which is to expand medical and rehabilitation knowledge and skills in the field of ostomy patient care. By designing an educational environment and implementing an integrated special course «Ostomy Therapy Fundamentals» for the Nursing specialty, it is possible
to improve professional training and train highly qualified, competitive specialists capable of meeting the needs of society in providing effective and qualified medical care to the population taking into account physical, psychological, social and cultural factors. Having such specialists in each region of our country, it will be possible to solve the issues of building a rehabilitation system for patients with ostomy.
Analysis of the existing system of personal development of the head nurse
Authors: Karaseva Larisa
Published: June 2021

The article presents the stages of implementation of the principles of lean production
in the healthcare of the Russian Federation, outlines the goals and prospects of projects to
optimize the quality and safety of medical care, emphasizes the role of nursing specialists in improving the ideology of a patient-oriented medical organization.
Nanoparticles of cerium oxide. The application and cerium oxide toxicity assessment
Authors: Kuznetsova Maria N. , Zhilkina Vera Yu.
Published: June 2021

Nanotechnology is the most perspective direction in the modern science and technic. The great interest in entire world has been observing to nanoparticles properties and their fields of use investigation. Cerium dioxide is a perspective oxide material which has wide use in different branches of industry due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Burst of interest to cerium oxide nanoparticles development and use in biology and medicine takes has been taking place recently. Scientists in many countries have been carrying out cerium oxide nanoparticles efficiency of use against various diseases.
Synthesis of metal nanoparticles using yeast strains Saccharomyces Cerevisae and Saccharomyces Boulardi
Authors: Pukhovskaya Ekaterina A. , Kalinin Egor V. , Stanishevskiy Ya. M.
Published: June 2021

The development of an environmentally friendly process for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles is an important step in the field of nanotechnology. One way to achieve this goal is to use biological systems. In this study, silver nanoparticles were obtained using extracellular enzymes of organisms of the Saccharomyces boulardi strain. The effect of the pH of the medium on the synthesis of nanoparticles was studied. The antimicrobial activity of the obtained nanoparticles was investigated.
A magyar fedezetlen bankközi piac vizsgálata a koronavírusjárvány előtt és után
Authors: Bodnár Ákos Zsolt
Published: June 2021

Ebben a cikkben a magyar fedezetlen bankközi forintpiac szerkezetének és hálózatának időbeli alakulását vizsgálom a koronavírus megjelenése előtti 2019. évben és a koronavírus megjelenését követő 2020. évben. Bemutatom a piac olyan általános jellemzőit, mint a forgalom és a kamatláb, továbbá az alapvető hálózati és szerkezeti jellemzőket. Megállapítható, hogy a koronavírus-járványt követően a fedezetlen bankközi forgalom közel harminc százalékkal emelkedett, ami részben összefüggésbe hozható a jegybank likviditást bővítő intézkedéseivel. A napi forgalommal súlyozott kamatban márciusban megugrás volt tapasztalható, illetve a 2020-as év hátralévő részében magasabb szint és volatilitás jellemezte, öszszevetve a 2019. évivel. A Lehmann csődjét követő időszakhoz képest a fedezetlen bankközi piac sokkellenálló képessége lényegesen kedvezőbb volt 2020-ban. A hitelt felvevők oldalán jelen események hatására is tapasztalható volt némi koncentrációemelkedés, de messze nem olyan mértékű, mint a korábbi válság idején. A piac polarizáltsága azonban erősödött, amit több likviditást kihelyező és kevés jelentős méretű likviditást felvevő szereplő jellemzett. Ez az erős polarizáltság a megemelkedett likviditás ellenére összefügghetett a kamatok 2020-as magasabb szintjével és volatilitásával.
Az elkötelezett főtitkár emlékezete : Pulai Miklós tevékenysége a Bankszövetségben
Authors: Müller János , Kovács Levente
Published: June 2021

A 94 éves korában, egy éve elhunyt, örökké fáradhatatlan Pulai Miklóst életútja, kiemelkedő szakmai teljesítménye a magyar gazdaságtörténet és a bankszakma nagy egyéniségei közé emeli. Elévülhetetlen érdeme volt a kétszintű bankrendszer és a piaci alapon működő bankrendszer létrehozásában. Bankszakmai munkásságának egy szakasza a Magyar Bankszövetséghez kötődött; megalakulásától, azaz 1989-től 2000-ig volt a Bankszövetség főtitkára, majd szinte haláláig segítette szakmai tapasztalatával a Bankszövetség munkáját. E cikkel Pulai Miklósnak a Magyar Bankszövetségben végzett szakmai munkássága előtt szeretnénk tisztelegni. E munkásság megértéséhez azonban elengedhetetlenül szükséges, hogy röviden áttekintsük azokat a gazdasági, társadalmi összefüggéseket és folyamatokat, amelyeknek aktív résztvevője és alakítója volt.
Archiving Dossier Narrative: Transcribing "Le Pelerinage de Damoiselle Sapience"
Authors: Morreale Laura , Mahoney-Steel Tamsyn , Kaplan S. C. , Francis Kersti
Published: June 2021

The archived documents were created for Transcribing “Le Pelerinage de Damoiselle Sapience”: Scholarly Editing Covid19-Style, a digital transcription, edition creation and writing project in November 2020 as part of the 13th Annual (Virtual) Schoenberg Symposium on Manuscript Studies in the Digital Age. International teams of medieval scholars and paleographers divided into three teams the first of which transcribed a unique manuscript copy of Le Pelerinage de Damoiselle Sapience, a previously unedited French-language text that survives in f. 86r-95v of UPenn MS Codex 660. The second team reviewed the work and the third team provided final editorial sign off and created a micro-edition with commentary that was submitted to the journal Digital Medievalist.
Telazûm Delilinin Fıkıh Metodolojisindeki Yeri
Authors: ALTUN Muhammed Latif
Published: June 2021

Fıkhî hükümler öncelikle Kur’ân, sünnet, icmâ ve kıyas delillerinden istinbât edilir. Fıkıh metodolojisinde ilk üçü naklî, kıyas ise kısmen aklî olarak bilinen bu delillere edille-i erbaʻa denir. Genel itibariyle fakihler bu deliller hakkında görüş birliği etmiştir. Fıkhî hükümlerin istinbât edildiği ikinci kategorideki deliller ise istislâh olarak bilinen istidlâl, bazı usulcülere göre onun bir kısmı olan telâzüm, istishâb, şeru men kablenâ gibi delillerdir. Bunlar da ihtilaflı olan delillerdir. Fukahayı edille-i erbaʻanın dışında farklı deliller aramaya iten sebep, delillerin sınırlı, meselelerin sınırsız oluşudur. Fıkhî amelî mesele ve problemlerin halli için delil arayışına giren usulcüler başta edille-i erbaʻaya, bunlarla çözüm bulunmaz ise diğer delillere müracaat etmişlerdir. Bu farklı delillerin belirlenmesinde kişisel yetenek, örf, kültür, muhit ve yöntem gibi farklılıkların etkili olduğu söylenebilir. Genel itibariyle telâzüm delili de usulcüler arasında ihtilaflı deliller arasında sayılır. Usulcülerin bir kısmı bu delili kabul etmiş ve fıkhî hükümleri tespit etme faaliyetinde kullanmıştır. Buna rağmen bu delil yeterince ilgi görmemiş, hakkında müstakil çalışmalar yapılmamıştır. Hâlbuki telâzüm delilini ve Kıyâsü’l-aks, Kıyâsü’l-iktiranî, Kıyâsü’l-istisnaî ve Kıyâsü’d-elâle olan kısımlarını kavrayan kimse fıkhî hükümlerin istinbatı noktasında meleke kazanır. Önemine binaen bu çalışmada telâzüm delili ele alındı. Başta bu delilin Kur’ân ve sünnetteki yerine değinildi ve bu bağlamda örneklere yer verildi. Daha sonra bu delilin tarihi seyri, müşahhas hale gelmesi, usulcülerin onu konumlandırdıkları yeri, telâzümün çeşitleri, fıkıh usulünde hüccet kabul edilip edilmediği ve ne ölçüde kullanıldığı ele alındı.
The Discussion Of The Second Coming Of Jesus Christ In Modern Period’s Sunni And Shia Resources -Ibn ʿāshūr And Tabataba'i Sample-
Authors: YAYLA Mansur
Published: June 2021

There is no consensus over the ascension, the second coming and death of Prophet Jesus Christ in the Islamic world. According to the understanding which has been represented by Sunni, Shi’ite and Muʿtazilite scholars and existed until the modern period, Prophet Jesus was ascended with his body and he will come back to the earth in the Last Days. However, this understanding was opposed with the view that Prophet Jesus died, and therefore it is not possible for him to come back to the world. In this way, the discussion of whether Prophet Jesus died or not, and whether he will be come back to the world or not has been initiated. One of the mufassirs taking part in this discussion is Muhammad al-Ṭāhir ibn ʿĀshūr, and another one is Mohammad Hossein Tabataba'i. Ibn ʿĀshūr advocates the view that Prophet Jesus died; and Tabataba'i defends the view that he was ascended. In this article the views of Ibn ʿĀshūr and Tabataba'i about Prophet Jesus’s ascension, second coming to the earth and death are examined. Although these two mufassirs had opposing views about Jesus’s second coming to the earth, they showed the same verses as the evidence of their views. Namely, the same verses from Qur’an were used as evidence for both the ascension and the death of Prophet Jesus. In this study, we will try to prove that the mentioned verses cannot serve as evidence for both the ascension and the death of Prophet Jesus.
Molla Muhammed Saîd'in "Risâletu Fethi'r-Ramân Fi'r-Reddi 'Ala Munkirî't-Talâki's-Selâs ve Talaki's-Sekrân” Adlı Eserinin Tahkik ve Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KORKUT Ramazan
Published: June 2021

Sarhoşun boşamasının geçerli olup olmadığına, tek celsede üç boşamanın bir talak mı veya üç talak mı sayılacağına dair tartışmalar geçmişten günümüze var olagelmiştir. Dört mezhebin de içinde bulunduğu cumhura göre sarhoşun boşaması geçerli olup, aynı anda veya tek celsede üç talak ile üç boşama gerçekleşir. Buna karşılık sarhoşun boşamasının geçersiz olduğunu ve üç talakla sadece bir boşamanın gerçekleşeceğini savunan fakihler de olmuştur. Molla Muhammed Saîd bu konuda cumhurun görüşünü savunmak ve karşıt görüşün temel gerekçesine reddiye yazmak amacıyla Risâletu Fethi’r-Rahmân isimli bir eser telif etmiştir. Araştırmamız özü itibarıyla bu eserin tahkik ve neşrini konu almakta; eserin muhtevasını, eserdeki fıkhî yaklaşımı ve bu yaklaşımın tarihi arka planını değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Araştırmamıza konu olan eser dört mezhebe sıkı bir bağlılığı, taklit karşıtı yaklaşımlarla mukayese etme fırsatı vermesi ve dört hak mezhep anlayışının temel parametlerini ortaya koyması bakımından önem arz etmektedir.
Aksaray İlindeki Polikiliniğe Baş Ağrısı ile Başvuran Adölesanlarda Migren Prevalansı ve Etki Eden Sosyodemografik Faktörler
Authors: DEMİRTAŞ Mehmet Semih
Published: June 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Baş ağrısı çocuk polikliniklerinde giderek artan bir şikayettir ve ergenlik döneminde çocukların kendilerini daha kolay ifade edebildikleri dönemlerde daha sık görülür. Bu çalışmada, polikliniğimize baş ağrısı ile başvuran hastalarda migren sıklığını, migren tanısı almış hastalarda migren ataklarını etkileyen sosyodemografik faktörleri ve sosyal etkileri incelemeyi amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Aksaray Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Polikliniği'ne Ekim 2018 - Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında baş ağrısı şikayeti ile başvuran 11-17 yaş arası 308 çocuk dahil edildi. Migren semptomları olan hastalara ağrılarını daha kolay tanımlayabilmek için 15 sorudan oluşan mini anket verildi. İkinci anket polikliniğinde ikinci kez değerlendirilen ve migren tanısı alan hastalara sosyal çevresel faktörleri ve migren ataklarını tanımlamak için uygulandı.

Bulgular: Hastaların ortanca yaşı 13.7 ± 1.1 yıldı. Bu hastaların 127'si (% 41,2) erkek, 181'i (% 58,8) kadındı. 308 hastanın 26'sında (% 8.4) migren tanısı kondu. Cinsiyet faktörü ve bilgisayar kullanımı karşılaştırıldığında, migren atağı öncesinde uzun süreli bilgisayar kullanan 4 erkek (% 44,4) ve 1 kız (% 17,7) olduğu saptandı (p = 0,043). Atak öncesinde gün içerisinde arkadaşlarıyla problem yaşadığını belirten 6 kız (%46,2) ve 1 erkek (%11,1) olduğu saptandı (p=0,017).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda ergen ve çocukların günlük yaşamlarında cep telefonu ve uzun süreli bilgisayar gibi teknolojik cihazların daha sık kullanımının migren ataklarını etkilediği görüldü. Ayrıca stresli ilişki durumlarının genç migren hastalarında özellikle kızlarda atakları şiddetlendirebileceği tespit edilmiştir. Daha geniş hasta popülasyonu ile randomize kontrollü prospektif çalışmaların çocuk ve ergenlerde migren ataklarını etkileyen faktörler ve sosyodemografik veriler için literatüre katkı sağlayacağını düşünüyoruz.
Psikiyatri Kliniğinde Yatan Hastaların Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Özsaygı Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: BAŞOĞUL Ceyda , KALENDEROĞLU Aysun
Published: June 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, psikiyatri kliniğinde tedavi gören hastaların bakım gereksinimleri ve özsaygı düzeylerinin incelenmesidir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı desene sahip çalışmaya 81 hasta dâhil edildi. Araştırma verileri kişisel bilgi formu, Rosenberg Özsaygı Ölçeği ve Bakım Gereksinimleri Belirleme Formu ile toplandı. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, tek yönlü ANOVA, bağımsız örneklem t testi ve çoklu regresyon analizi kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Bireylerin %45,7’sinin özsaygı düzeyi düşük, %32,1’inin orta düzey olduğu; özsaygı düzeylerinin sağlık yönetimi, benlik kavramı, kendine bakım, fizyolojik fonksiyonlar, manevi boyut, rol ve ilişkiler ile başetme alanlarındaki bakım gereksinimlerine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği bulundu. Ayrıca “çalışma durumu, genel görünüm, yorgunluk şiddeti, intihar riski ve beğenilen özellikler” değişkenleri özsaygı puanlarının anlamlı yordayıcılarıdır (R2=0,53, p
Aproximación a la cronología de la pesca en el bajo de Sarmiento (Chubut, Argentina) a partir de la distribución de pesos líticos
Authors: Moreno Julián Eduardo , Peralta González Santiago , Svoboda Ariadna
Published: June 2021

Las investigaciones arqueológicas en el bajo de Sarmiento (centro-sur de la provincia del Chubut) permitieron argumentar que la pesca fue una actividad importante entre las poblaciones cazadoras-recolectoras. La información disponible nos permite ubicar el inicio de dicha actividad aproximadamente en 1500 años AP. En este trabajo se evalúa la distribución de los pesos líticos (plomadas de redes) como indicadores de la cronología de la actividad pesquera, tomando como marco de referencia el esquema de evolución del paleolago que cubrió la totalidad del bajo. Los resultados indican una mayor frecuencia de hallazgos de pesos líticos en los sectores del fondo de valle, disponible para la ocupación humana luego del Holoceno tardío final, lo que sugiere que la pesca es un fenómeno posterior al 1500 AP. Se incluyen en la discusión problemas de visibilidad, coleccionismo y tafonómicos, además de datos arqueofaunísticos, cronológicos y tecnológicos.
Recursos orgánicos y objetos arqueológicos en la localidad Cerro La China: ilaciones a partir de las sustancias grasas
Authors: Mazzia Natalia , Flegenheimer Nora
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo presentamos los resultados de los análisis desarrollados sobre un total de 46 objetos líticos, un fragmento cerámico y cinco muestras de sedimentos, correspondientes a los sitios de la localidad arqueológica Cerro La China (centro-este de Tandilia, Buenos Aires, Argentina) y sus diferentes momentos de ocupación. Los objetos líticos muestreados fueron manufacturados en diversas materias primas e incluyen una gran variedad de tipos de instrumentos. Los resultados dan cuenta de una importante preservación de las muestras y de la ausencia de contaminación por la matriz sedimentaria. Se destaca la identificación de recursos orgánicos de diferentes orígenes: aceites vegetales en general, aceite de semillas, posibilidad de enmangue con mástic vegetal, grasas de animales terrestres, mezcla de grasas de diferentes orígenes y grasas de animales acuáticos.
Interdisciplinary Studies in Social Sciences
Authors: Diamantidaki Fotini , Kefalaki Margarita
Published: June 2021

Covid - 19 has undeniable brought challenges for everyone involved around the world, which has led to extremes, but also towards innovation opportunities. Human nature shrivels under pressure, but also finds ways to adapt and recreate a new normal. The term of the ‘new normal’ was initially used to caution the belief of economists that industrial economies would revert to normal after the recession (El-Erian, 2010, cited in Cahapay, 2020). This phrase has since been used a lot and in different contexts and in general terms means that something which was previously not typical became typical (Cahapay, 2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people’s social wellbeing has a lot to do with the way they communicate, that now happens in most cases remotely (Nguyen et al., 2020).
Hepatitis autoinmune: manifestaciones, diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Authors: Rojas Diaz Sofia , Jiménez Martínez Carolina , Saenz Ramírez Viviana , Arias Amador Kimberly
Published: June 2021

La hepatitis autoinmune tiene distribución global, puede afectar a pacientes de ambos sexos y de todas las edades. La incidencia de hepatitis autoinmune varía según grupos étnicos y se ha asociado con predisposición genética, ocurre tras la exposición de antígenos y algunos factores que afectan la presentación de autoantígenos, la activación de inmunitos y proliferación de células efectoras. Se han sugerido como desencadenantes algunos virus, bacterias y medicamentos. La clínica puede variar desde un cuadro asintomático hasta una hepatitis crónica o fulminante.  El diagnóstico está basado en la exclusión de otras enfermedades hepáticas, la detección de manifestaciones clínicas y bioquímicas, aumento de inmunoglobulinas, presencia de autoanticuerpos e histología compatible (infiltrado de células plasmáticas en la zona peri-portal, presencia de células gigantes multinucleadas, necrosis en la interfase, infiltrado lobular con necrosis focal). Se clasifica en dos tipos en base a los auto- anticuerpos séricos presentes. La base del tratamiento es la administración de esteroides, principalmente prednisona; y el objetivo es alcanzar la remisión, resolución histológica y bioquímica y la desaparición de los síntomas clínicos.
Değerlemenin ve Değerleme Ölçütlerinin Finansal Raporlama Kalitesindeki Belirleyici Rolü
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Hatice
Published: June 2021

Finansal raporlama, finansal sonuçların yönetim ve dış paydaşlara şirketin belirli sürede nasıl performans sergilediği hakkında açıklanmasıdır. Finansal raporlamanın kalitesi raporlamanın değerini belirler. Yatırım kararları verirken kullanıcıları etkilemek ve piyasa verimliliğini artırmak için yüksek kaliteli finansal raporlama sağlamak esastır. Değerleme, şirketin mali durumu ve faaliyet sonucunu gerçeğe uygun biçimde belirlemektir. Değerleme işlemi bilançonun yapısı ve kâr – zarar durumu arasında da doğrudan ilişkisi olduğundan, gerçeğe uygun bilgi üretme amacı olan muhasebe açısından oldukça önemlidir. Çalışmada öncelikle finansal raporlama konusu ve finansal raporlama kalitesi konusu incelenmiş, ölçütlerin neler olduğu konusu irdelenmiş sonrasında finansal raporlamada ve raporun kalitesinin sağlanmasında değerleme kavramının önemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Buna paralel olarak Finansal Değerleme Ölçütlerine ilişkin SWOT analizi ile değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Böylelikle değerleme ölçütlerinin üstünlüklerinin ve zayıf yönlerinin, fırsatlarının ve tehditlerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.
Türkiye’de 2002-2020 Döneminde Siyasi Partilerin Programlarında Yer Alan Kamu Yönetimi Anlayışının Karşılaştırmalı Analizi
Authors: FURKAN Abdulgani , TAŞ İbrahim Ethem
Published: June 2021

Sosyal ve ekonomik değişimler, kamu yönetimi uygulamalarını etkilemiştir. 1980'lerden sonra dünyada Ulus-devlet, piyasaya karşı gücünü kaybedip düzenleyici bir role dönüşürken Türkiye’de Geleneksel Kamu Yönetimi anlayışının etkisi azalmıştır. Wilson'ın siyaset ile yönetimi birbirinden ayırmayı amaçlayan ve “yönetim yönetimdir” şeklinde de özetlenebilecek ikili yaklaşımı ile bürokratik ve hiyerarşik organizasyon şemaları yeni çağın ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada yetersiz kalmaktadır. Yeni Kamu Yönetimi (YKY) anlayışı, özellikle Kuzey Amerika ve Batı Avrupa'da piyasa ile devletin uzlaştırılmasıyla yaygınlaşmıştır. Türkiye'de Özal ile başlayan neo-liberal politikalarla ekonomiye uyum süreci, YKY için uygun bir ortam yaratmıştır. “Yeni Sağ” olarak kabul edilebilecek siyasi partiler, özelleştirme, yatay örgütlenme, katılım gibi YKY fikirlerini savunmaktadırlar. Geleneksel muhafazakâr siyasi partiler ve sol partiler, geleneksel kamu yönetimi anlayışından kısmen de olsa etkilenmeye devam etmektedirler.
Uçuş Operasyonlarına Risk Oluşturabilecek Yanıcı ve Patlayıcı Tesislerin Türkiye’deki Havalimanları Çevresindeki Varlığı
Authors: UZUN Ömer Faruk , SESLİ Faik Ahmet
Published: June 2021

Çalışmada uçuş operasyonlarına tehlike arz eden yanıcı ve patlayıcı tesislerin, iniş-kalkış koridoru ve yakın çevresinde Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdürlüğü‘nün yayınladığı “Havalimanları Çevresinde Yapılaşma Kriterlerine” göre varlığı incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda ülkemizde ulusal ve uluslararası uçuşların yapıldığı 60 havaalanı için belirlenen risk alanının incelenmesi neticesinde 190 yanıcı ve patlayıcı tesisin olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu havalimanlarından Mardin Havalimanı 12 adet ile riskli alanda en fazla yanıcı ve patlayıcı tesisi barındırırken, 16 havalimanında bu tür tesislerin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Havaalanı başına düşen ortalama yanıcı ve patlayıcı tesis sayısı 3.166 ± 3.157 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Bahsedilen tesislerin mevzuatta belirtilen risk alanlarının dışına çıkarılması maksimum uçuş güvenliğinin sağlanması için büyük önem arz etmektedir. Diğer yandan, havaalanı pistlerinin yönünün çevresindeki kent ve anayollara bakmasının riski doğrudan etkilediği gözlenmiştir. Bu sebeple gelecekte yapılacak havalimanlarının inşasında bu hususun değerlendirilmesi, meydana gelebilecek kazalarda kaybın minimum düzeyde tutulmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.
DETECTION OF DEFECTS IN SPINDLE ASSEMBLY OF MACHINE USING AUTOCORRELATION FUNCTIONS OF VIBRATION-ACOUSTIC OSCILLATIONS
Authors: Шамсадова Я.Ш. , Игнатьев А.А. , Добряков В.А.
Published: June 2021

Одним из наиболее эффективных методов выявления дефектов в работающем оборудовании является вибродиагностический, в основе которого лежит регистрация виброакустических колебаний в динамической системе станка, выделение спектральных составляющих и установление их связи с дефектами. Целью работы является обоснование возможности применения автокорреляционных функций виброакустических колебаний в динамической системе станка при шлифовании дорожки качения колец подшипников для выявления дефектов в шпиндельном узле. Материалы и методы. На основе предложенной модифицированной схемы динамической системы станка выполнен теоретический анализ возможности выделения основных частот вибраций, связанных с дефектами в шпиндельном узле, с использованием автокорреляционных функций (АКФ) зарегистрированных виброакустических (ВА) колебаний. Результаты. Предлагаемая методика обнаружения дефектов в шпиндельном узле шлифовального станка SIW-5 позволила распознать дефект, заключающийся в дисбалансе абразивного круга. Путем разложения АКФ в ряд Фурье можно установить наличие других дефектов подшипниковых опор шпиндельного узла. Выводы. Теоретические и экспериментальные исследования ВА колебаний динамической системы шлифовальных станков показали, что с помощью АКФ можно достаточно эффективно отделить случайные составляющие колебаний от детерминированных, связанных с дефектами шпиндельного узла.

One of the most effective methods of identification of defects in the working equipment is vibrodiagnostic which cornerstone registration of vibroacoustic vibrations in the dynamic system of the machine, allocation of spectral components and establishment of their communication with defects is. The purpose of work is justification of a possibility of application of autocorrelated functions of vibroacoustic vibrations in the dynamic system of the machine when grinding a path of swing of rings of bearings for identification of defects in a spindle unit. Materials and methods. On the basis of the offered modified scheme of dynamic system of the machine the theoretical analysis of a possibility of allocation of base frequencies of the vibrations connected with defects in a spindle unit, with use of autocorrelated functions (AKF) of the registered vibroacoustic (VA) fluctuations is made. Results. The offered technique of detection of defects in a spindle unit of the SIW-5 grinder allowed to recognize the defect consisting in an imbalance of an abrasive wheel. By decomposition of AKF in a row Fourier can establish availability of other defects of bearing support of a spindle unit. Conclusions. Theoretical and pilot studies of VA of fluctuations of dynamic system of grinders showed that by means of AKF it is possible to separate rather effectively accidental components of fluctuations from determined, connected with defects of a spindle unit.
THE IDEA OF COEXISTENCE IN ISLAMIC CULTURE: THE ORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Гурбанов Э. А. , Нанаева Б. Б.
Published: June 2021

В публикации раскрывается проблема сосуществования культур как одного из важнейших факторов развития и выживания современной цивилизации. Обосновывается идея о том, что сосуществование мировых религий - основа развития народов, культур, духовных ценностей, а вера в единого Бога укрепляет их единство. Формируется мысль о том, что в исламе провозглашаются те ценности, которые необходимо способствуют выживанию человечества, их единению, духовно-культурной интеграции. В ходе изложенных размышлений процесс взаимообогащения культур народов представляется возможным в контексте развития исламской идеи сосуществования, что можно продемонстрировать на примере взаимодействия России и Азербайджана.

The publication reveals the problem of cultural coexistence as one of the most important factors in the development and survival of modern civilization. The author substantiates the idea that the coexistence of world religions is the basis for the development of peoples, cultures, and spiritual values, and the faith of the one God strengthens their unity. The idea is formed that Islam proclaims those values that must contribute to the survival of humanity, their unity, spiritual and cultural integration. In the course of the above reflections, the process of mutual enrichment of peoples ‘cultures is possible on the basis of the development of the Islamic idea of coexistence, which can be demonstrated by the example of interaction between Russia and Azerbaijan.