bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Artificial Intelligence Make Ethical Decisions in Medicine? (Preprint)
Authors: Karacic-Zanetti Jasna , Nunes Rui
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

In the age of rapid technological advancement, the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and healthcare ethics presents a unique challenge. This paper spins around a major issue of whether AI can make ethical decisions in medicine. The looming topic is a matter of debate about the ethicality of integrating AI in healthcare, which is currently revolutionized by its diagnosis, planning of treatment, and patient care. These surrounding concerns rest on AI's capability to handle the complex moral landscape in medicine, its holding of algorithmic bias, and the struggle for transparency and accountability in AI-driven decisions. Interdisciplinary approaches to the study of this complex issue in ethical decision-making in AI are discussed, emphasizing research, collaboration, and refinement of AI systems to be in line with ethical standards. The ethical dilemmas that AI presents involve its lack of emotional intelligence, inherent biases in data used to train AI systems, and difficulties in providing transparency and explainability in AI decisions. But even so, such a difference does not win over the potential for a symbiotic relationship between AI and human health professionals. AI supplements the analysis of data and recognition of patterns, and the human factor brings in ethical judgment as well as empathy. In conclusion, the article finds that the big upside of AI in healthcare is in addressing ethical implications that are critical for maintaining compassionate and equitable medical practice. Future research therefore should develop ethical AI models that properly incorporate such considerations in the development of its technology and should establish comprehensive ethical frameworks for such application to health. The capability of AI in ethical decision-making in medicine is quite a complex one, which requires a balanced approach that makes the best of AI's abilities, keeping up with the highest standards of ethical practice in healthcare.
Trends of Social Media Usage by Medical Students in Addis Ababa University: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Labisso Wajana , Mekasha Ameha
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

The pattern of social media usage by medical students in Ethiopia has not been clearly understood.

OBJECTIVE

The current study was intended to explore the trends and types of social media usage by medical students in school of medicine, Addis Ababa University.

METHODS

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on four cohorts of medical students: Year II-Year V. One hundred thirty two students were recruited from each cohort, giving final sample of 528 students. Using pre-tested anonymous questionnaire, socio-demographic data and patterns in social media usage were recorded. The questionnaire was tabulated and data was analyzed by using descriptive, inferential and quantitative analytical techniques with estimations from the SPSS. A correlation of the variables was determined and X2 was used to compare the relationship of the variables. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

Majority (61.9%, N=327/528) of the study participants were males. Irrespective of sociocultural backgrounds, almost all students were active users of social media (99.6%, N=526/528). Facebook was the dominant social media used by medical students before joining medical school, followed by You Tube and Whatsapp. The number of Facebook users has been declined significantly from 82% to 47% after joining medical school. The dominancy of Facebook was over taken by Telegram after joining medical school. The use of Telegram has significantly increased from 18% (N=495/528) to (82%, N=433/528, P<0.001, CI=95) after joining medical school. The proportions of You Tube users has increased significantly from 31% (N=165/528) to 52% (N=275/528, P<0.001, CI=95) after joining medical school. Skype,Twitter, Whatsapp, and the Yahoo messenger were the least commonly used social media by both sexes.

CONCLUSIONS

All of the study participants had been using social media before and after joining medical school. Proper guidance and orientation by medical school authorities needed in order to make effective the usage of social media by students.

CLINICALTRIAL

None.
The Value and Path of Integrating the Spirit of New Era Educators into the Cultivation of Normal University Students
Authors: Li Fangfang
Published: March 2024

The spirit of educator embodies rich connotations and holds multiple dimensions of value for the cultivation of normal university students. At the individual level, it aligns with the inherent needs of normal university students' growth; at the university level, it implements the fundamental task of fostering morality and cultivating people; and at the societal level, it responds to the demands of building a strong education nation in the era. In the new era, promoting the spirit of educators should be based on theoretical teaching, strengthening normal university students’ cognition of the spirit of educators; nourishing through campus culture, cultivating normal university students’ emotions towards the spirit of educators; and using educational practice as a carrier, deepening normal university students’ practice of the spirit of educators.
Nourishing Number of Some Associated Graphs
Authors: Prajapati Udayan , Vyas Kishan
Published: March 2024

Let N0 = N∪{0} and P(N0) be the power set. An injection f : V (G) → P(N0) is an integer additive set-indexer (IASI) of a graph G if the induced map f+ : E(G) → P(N0) given by f+(uv) = f(u) + f(v) is also an injection, where f(u) + f(v) is the sumset of f(u) and f(v). Moreover, if |f+(uv)| = |f(u)| |f(v)|, for all uv in E(G), then f is a strong IASI of G. The nourishing number of a graph G is the minimum order of the maximal complete subgraph of G such that G admits a strong IASI. In this paper we investigate the admissibility of strong IASI for some associated graphs and calculate their nourishing number. In addition, we obtain the nourishing number of powers of the associated graphs.
Hate Speech Detection
Authors: Satwik Pallerla
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The rise in popularity of microblogging sites such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter has resulted in more people from different backgrounds indirectly communicating with one another. Our study aims to design an autonomous Deep Neural Network (DNN) algorithm for social media hate speech detection to tackle this problem. Using cutting-edge Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, the objective is to build a strong system that can recognize and categorize hate speech material in text data with accuracy. Our DNN algorithm allows for the real-time detection and moderation of offensive information, providing a proactive strategy against online hate speech. With the deployment of this technology, everyone will be able to access a safer and more welcoming online environment.
Exercise Mimetics: Harnessing the Therapeutic Effects of Physical Activity
Authors: Labhane Ms. Aarti
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Over the past decade, there has been an increase in both scientific and commercial interest in finding bioactive oral substances, also known as "exercise pills" or "exercise mimetics," that replicate or enhance the benefits of exercise. The benefits of an active lifestyle for both the body and brain are becoming more and more obvious. However not everyone can exercise because of illness, trauma, or age-related disease. Both artificial and natural substances stimulate genes involved in the metabolic remodelling of skeletal muscle, activate some of the major regulators, and simulate exercise. The numerous health advantages of physical activity are not being put into practice. Exercise-mimetic drugs are being developed in an attempt to bypass the necessity of physical activity for promoting health they replicate the effects of peptide molecules released by muscles that are produced when exercised. The goal is to replicate physiological reactions even in the absence of physical activity. Since physical activity is still the most effective treatment, the creation of "exercise mimetics" that target specific muscles .The review deals with the disorders that can treated with exercise mimetics
Development of a Stress Sensor for Solids
Authors: Trekin N. N. , Kodysh E. N. , Shmakov S. D. , Chaganov A. B. , Cherepanov A. V.
Published: March 2024

The paper presents the results of experimental design of a cortex of the embedded stress sensor, which allows to determine stresses in the cross-section of large-scale laboratory monolithic structures made on the basis of mineral and polymer binders (concrete, gypsum, etc.). The objectives of the design were to develop a constructive solution of the stress sensor housing based on strain gauges, which has small dimensions, low manufacturing cost, as well as high resolution and stability of readings over the entire sensitivity area (stress up to 400 kgf/cm2).

The stress sensor allows to determine the stress in laboratory structures with high accuracy, without significantly affecting the stress-strain state of the section at different stages of operation of the structural element.
Tindak Tutur Direktif pada Caption Instagram Nadiem Makarim dalam Menumbuhkan Sikap Spiritual Pembaca
Authors: Hikmat Ade , Solihati Nani , Tarmini Wini , Nurhikmah Tati , Abimubarok Achmad
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Tindak Tutur Direktif Pada Caption Instagram Nadiem Makarim Dalam Menumbuhkan Sikap Spiritual Pembaca.  Nadiem Makarim, Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset dan Teknologi RI menggunakan Instagram secara aktif sehingga menjadi kesempatan baik untuk menyampaikan tujuannya kepada masyarakat melalui caption di Instagram. Dalam ilmu kebahasaan, penyampaian komunikasi secara tertulis di caption Instagram ini tergolong ke dalam tindak tutur.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni metode kualitatif.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa Tindak tutur direktif mengajak merupakan tindak tutur yang paling mendominasi, lalu disusul oleh tindak tutur direktif menasihati dan mengharap yang memiliki jumlah sama, kemudian tindak tutur direktif mengingatkan, dan terakhir tindak tutur direktif mengharap.  Tindak tutur direktif yang dilakukan oleh Nadiem Makarim dalam caption instagramnya membuat pengaruh terhadap pembaca dan para pengikutnya untuk melakukan apa yang diharapkan oleh Nadiem Makarim. Pengaruh tersebut berbentuk pengaruh sikap sosial dan spiritual yang tercermin pada komentar para pembaca dan pengikutnya.
Social face consciousness and life satisfaction in new employees: The roles of perceived social support and rumination
Authors: Wang Chang , Zhang Yuzhu , Zhang Yu-Qi
Published: March 2024

To test the relationship between social face consciousness (SFC) and life satisfaction (LS) among new employees in a Chinese context, we administered the Consciousness of Social Face Scale, the Satisfaction With Life Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Ruminative Responses
Scale to 624 employees with 1 year or less of service in the job market. The results showed that SFC had a significant negative predictive effect on new employees’ LS, and indirectly affected new employees’ LS through perceived social support. Further, rumination played a significant
role in moderating the influence of SFC on new employees’ LS; specifically, for new employees with a low level of rumination, SFC had no significant predictive effect on LS, whereas for those with a high level of rumination, SFC had a significant negative predictive effect on their LS.
Thus, SFC inhibits new employees’ LS and affects LS through the intermediary role of perceived social support, while rumination moderates this relationship. This study provides insight into how new employees can improve their LS in practice.
Coaches' benevolent leadership and athlete burnout: Mediating effect of psychological safety
Authors: Yu Wenjuan , Zhou Yi , Lv Huiming
Published: March 2024

Research has been conducted to explore the effect of factors relating to coaches' leadership on Chinese athletes' burnout, but less attention has been paid to coaches' leadership style, such as benevolent leadership. In this study conducted with 282 athletes at three Chinese universities,
we investigated how the benevolent leadership of the coach is related to athlete burnout and if athletes' psychological safety mediates this relationship. We analyzed survey data using structural equation modeling. Results indicated that coaches' benevolent leadership was negatively associated
with athlete burnout, and this relationship was mediated by psychological safety. These findings enhance understanding of the mechanism between coaches' benevolent leadership and athlete burnout, and shed light on the important role in this relationship of athletes' perception of psychological
safety.
Spanish as a resource in the acquisition of English as a second language
Authors: Pérez-Cabello Ana María , Quinn Michelle Teresa
Published: March 2024

The use of the mother tongue in foreign language lessons has always generated a wide debate on whether the use of L1 prevents students from learning a L2. This research shows what teachers of English as L2 in Spain think about this topic. First, we review the reasons to exclude the use of Spanish, as well as the reasons for its inclusion. This approach includes linguistic, social, and cultural factors intrinsic to the teaching/learning process. Information is collected using a mixed method approach. On the one hand, a questionnaire is designed to identify patterns and trends regarding the use of Spanish in the English classroom considering factual, behavioural, and attitudinal data. Each section is linked to research objectives. On the other, three specific qualitative methods are used: personal interviews, small focus group discussions and extension written narratives, where 12 questions are composed as a basis for the realisation of these three methods. The results of the study suggest that a prudent and judicious use of Spanish does not prevent or hinder the development of English learning in students. On the contrary, in many cases, it facilitates it since it provides the teacher with a powerful pedagogical resource. The study posits that the judicious employment of Spanish within the classroom setting yields positive outcomes and advocates for increased flexibility in its utilisation. However, it simultaneously points to the imperative that this flexibility should not detract from the primary objective of English language acquisition. This study has theoretical and practical implications in the design of formation syllabi for in-service and future teachers of L2 in L1 contexts.
The Teachings Of Sufism In QS. Al-Ashr [103]: 1-3 In Tafsir Al-Burhan By Abdul Karim Amrullah
Authors: Murtaza MZ1 Ahmad , Miranti Aufa , Annur M. Firdaus , Maghfirah Ayya
Published: March 2024

Interpretasi Al-Qur’an mau tidak mau harus dilakukan oleh para mufasir sebagai upaya untuk menjawab¬¬ realitas yang berkembang di masyarakat, termasuk penafsiran dalam konteks keindonesiaan. Penafsiran yang dilakukan oleh ulama Indonesia memiliki keunikan tersendiri khususnya dalam menafsirkan ayat-ayar yang berhubungan dengan ajaran tasawuf. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan ajaran tasawuf yang terkandung dalam QS. Al-Ashr [103]: 1-3 dalam tafsir Al-Burhan yang merupakan kitab tafsir yang ditulis oleh Abdul Karim Amrullah. Terdapat dua permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, (1) bagaimana ajaran tasawuf dalam QS. Al-Ashr [103]: 1-3 dalam Tafsir Al-Burhan? (2) Faktor apa yang melatar belakangi munculnya penafsiran tersebut?. Dalam pada itu, untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan content analysis. Hasil dari kajian ini adalah ajaran tasawuf yang disajikan oleh Abdul Karim Amrullah dalam tafsirnya bahwa maksud dari masa yang disampaikan kepada manusia tidak bertujuan untuk menikmati dunia yang condong kepada kerugian melainkan kepada akhirat yang merupakan tempat sekekal-kekalnya bagi manusia. Hal ini pula yang berbeda dengan penafsiran lainnya yang kerap mengaitkannya dengan manajemen waktu yang orientasinya pada realitas dunia. Selain itu lahirnya penafsiran ini dilatar belakangi dengan pengaruh atas realitas sosial dan latar belakang pendidikan Abdul Karim Amrullah selama menyebarkan ajaran agama Islam di Minangkabau.
Construction of Dopamine Hydrochloride Liquid Selective Electrodes
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Jaderia, Baghdad, Iraq, A. Hammza Rana
Published: March 2024

Three liquid selective electrodes were synthesized based on particle pair to selective dopamine chloride. The construction electrodes consist of phosphomolybdicacid (dopamine), di-n-butyl phosphate, Di-n-butyl phthalate, and di-octylphenyl phosphonate as plasticizers materials. The construction of preparing probes was examined potentially with successes Nernstain response around 52.50 and 50. 50 mV/decade for electrodes on both DBPH and DOPH were as plasticizers, respectively. The most direct ranges concentrations of dopamine in drug form were found to be around 2.5×10-5-1.0×10-2 for DBPH and 4.30×10-5 -1.0×10-1 M for DOPH. The detection limits were reached to 2.31×10-6 in DBPH and 5. 63×10-6 M in DOPH electrode type. While third electrode relied on di-n-butyl phosphate (DPH), a non-Nernstain equivalent of around 19.10 mV/decade with a range of concentration about 2.2×10-5 -1.0×10-1 with a detection limit equivalent to 6.35×10-6. The pH values in the experimental application were asses to obtain the best determination of dopamine concentration at 10-3M. The optimisation of both electrodes DBPH and DOPH achieved good agreements to lifetime, selectivity, potentiometric techniques and accuracy of measurements. At the same time the standard expansion, various standard expansions and potentiometric titration result in an immediate strategy for the assurance of dopamine in drug form.
The Effect of 1,3,4-Oxadiazol and 1,2,4-Triazole Compounds on Urease and Pepsin Enzymes
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of sciences, Al-Nahrain University,Jadriya,Baghdad,Iraq., M. Abdnoor Zahraa , R.Jber Nasreen ,   Department of Chemistry, College of sciences, Al-Nahrain University,Jadriya,Baghdad,Iraq., Saadoon Abdul-Razaq Aliaa ,   Market Research and Consumer Protection Center University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Published: March 2024

The helicobacter pylori affected urease and pepsin enzymes in the stomach, so the object of this study is to screen the effect of bis 1,3,4-oxadiazole and bis 1,2,4, triazole derivatives compounds on h-pylori urease enzyme in vitro. The results show that urease was inhibited by all produced compounds when the concentration increased. The most effective urease inhibitor is determined to be the compounds (A3e, A3c, A3d and B3c). The clinical study involved studying the pepsin enzyme activity level in H-pyloripatients and control, the results found that the activity of pepsin elevated in h-pylori patients as compared with control. The prepared compounds were screened on pepsin enzyme in vitro and showed that all the prepared compounds decreased the pepsin activity as the concentration increased. The nitrogen heterocyclic compounds. This study concludes that nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds have an important future in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori disease.
A Review of the Past Decade's Research Outcomes on Classifying Cyberbullying
Authors:   Department of ComputerScience, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq, Haider Ameen Zainab , Saad Al-Mukhtar Farah ,   Department of ComputerScience, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq, Qahtan Ahmed hsan ,   Department of ComputerScience, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq, N. Dhannoon Ban ,   Department of ComputerScience, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: March 2024

Cyberbullying is a new form of online violence that has emerged as a result of the social media industry's explosive expansion since it allows for indirect communication. Despite the usefulness of digital media, it has been used by weak people to threaten and bully others online. In the last ten years, research has shown that children and teenagers are increasingly experiencing cyberbullying as a concern. This paper examines the research conducted during the previous ten years, categorizes it, and presents statistical analyses of the data collected during that time. A table is used to present various data, including the dataset that was used, its size (number of samples, posts, or messages), the methods that were employed, and the metrics that were gathered from the examined research that was taken from the publications that were looked into. This survey will be helpful to everyone who wants to advance their understanding of how machine learning may be used to identify cyberbullying, and it may help create a social media environment that is safe and relatively healthy by automatically identifying bullying communications.
Assessment of Radioactivity of Some Samples of Healthy Drinking Water and Liquefied Water in Some Areas of the Capital Baghdad Using HPGE Detector System
Authors:   Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Jadiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq, A. Alrawi Ammar , M. Rasheed Essam ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Jadiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq, K. Mohammad Kareem ,   Al-Nahrain Renewable Energy Research Center, Al-Nahrain University, Jadiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: March 2024

In this work, a total of 20 water samples were collected from various locations inside the city of Baghdad. Each sample consists of a volume of 1 litre of water which had been obtained from multiple geographical locations. There were twelve water samples representing pure tap water sourced from various locations additionally, eight samples of mineral water were obtained from several marketplaces in Baghdad. A total of six radionuclides were detected in the water samples using the HPGe detector. These radionuclides were identified as Bi 214, Ra 226, TI 208, Bi 212, Pb 212, and K 40. Among these, Bi 214 and Ra 226 are part of the U-238 series, while TI 208, Bi 212, and Pb 212 belong to the Th 232 series. Additionally, K 40 is a naturally occurring radionuclide. The observed minimum value for the average specific activity of radionuclides in pure tap water samples was Al-Yarmouk Pure tap water. However, the sample Hay Al-qahira pure tap water exhibited the highest recorded specific activity values of radionuclides in pure tap water. The observed minimum value for the average specific activity of radionuclides in mineral water samples was Bardaa mineral water. However, the sample (W15) exhibited the highest recorded values for the specific activity of radionuclides in mineral water. The measured external dosage of natural radioactivity in water samples from Baghdad was found to be relatively low, at 0.366 mSv.y-1. This value falls below the recommended limit the United Nations Scientific Committee set on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), 1 mSv.y-1.
Influential factors on strategic management accounting application and its influence on the business: Empirical evidence from a developing market
Authors: Do Thao Thi Thu , Tran Ngoc Hung
Published: March 2024

The successful application of strategic management accounting (SMA) and its influence on business in a developing market are contingent on various factors. Oyewo (2022) emphasizes the impact of contextual factors such as organizational structure, information technology (IT) quality, business strategy, market orientation, competition, and environmental uncertainty on the usage intensity of SMA and its influence on competitive advantage. This study investigates the drivers behind adopting SMA and its consequential effects on the performance of listed Vietnamese firms. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative and quantitative methodologies to delineate research models, formulate hypotheses, assess the determinants influencing SMA implementation, and evaluate the impact of SMA application on corporate performance. The authors employed the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) framework to analyse data from 147 listed companies in Vietnam. The outcomes reveal that variables such as the utilisation of information technology in business operations, participative decision-making, accountant qualifications, perceived environmental uncertainty, and strategic orientation positively influence SMA implementation, subsequently yielding positive effects on the performance of listed companies in Vietnam. This research contributes valuable insights into the factors shaping SMA adoption in Vietnamese enterprises, enriching practical managerial knowledge and theoretical perspectives.
Disclosures of banks’ sustainability reports, climate change and central banks: An empirical analysis with unstructured data
Authors: Aversa Dario
Published: March 2024

Climate change will impact the economy in the long term but also in the medium run potentially affecting financial stability and the whole economic system (Nyambuu & Semmler, 2023). Some studies suggested that climate change may hit financial actors even if there are few studies related to the role of banks’ sustainability disclosure and central banks’ mandates. This paper examines the sustainability reports disclosures of the banks listed on the FTSE Italia All-Share Italian Stock Exchange for the year 2021–2020. It applies five kinds of multivariate techniques on unstructured data using Iramuteq (www.iramuteq.org) and SAS Viya (www.sas.com). The article tries to assess how and whether banks are disclosing transition and physical risk, and how and whether they conducted scenario analysis through the lens of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) framework. Even though banks provided environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure, they paid scant attention to furnishing climate change information to market and central banks, and to prioritize their complying with international frameworks. The article addresses the main research gap in the literature review and focuses on the role of disclosures and central banks’ mandates, sustainability data gap and solutions through machine learning, analysis of deep uncertainty for monetary policy, and the use of scenario analysis when it is impossible to apply deterministic or probabilistic approaches and text mining for central banks in the context of unstructured data.
Utilidad de la manometría anorrectal prequirúrgica para el cierre de ostomías: un estudio de corte transversal
Authors: Parra Izquierdo Viviana , Florez-Sarmiento Cristian , Arias Paola , Kock Joshua , Marquez Juan Ricardo , Frías Ordoñez Juan Sebastián , Ardila Baez Manuel Alonso
Published: March 2024

Introducción: hay varias razones por las que un paciente puede ser llevado a una colostomía con el objetivo de cerrarla lo antes posible, pero su tratamiento puede variar, y predecir una adecuada continencia posterior al cierre de la colostomía puede ser difícil. Se plantea como objetivo realizar una caracterización de la manometría prequirúrgica debido a que en Colombia hay pocos casos que describan su utilidad.
Metodología: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en pacientes adultos atendidos en dos centros de gastroenterología en Colombia entre el 2018 y el 2020.
Resultados: de 316 pacientes, 13 tenían indicación de manometría previo a cierre de colostomía, predominantemente mujeres (69%), con una edad promedio de 51,69 años (desviación estándar: 24,18). Al evaluar las presiones basales del esfínter anal, se evidenció 68% de hipotonía, 16% de hipertonía y 16% de presiones normales. La prueba de contracción voluntaria fue anormal en el 25%, se observó un patrón de disinergia defecatoria en el 30%, todas con patrón tipo III. El reflejo rectoanal inhibitorio estuvo presente en el 92%, con prueba de expulsión de balón anormal en el 100% de los pacientes. Más del 70% de los pacientes persistían con la colostomía in situ después del primer año de su construcción y 30% más allá de 36 meses.
Conclusiones: el presente estudio genera cuestionamientos acerca la costo-efectividad de la manometría anorrectal previa al cierre de colostomía, lo cual requiere ser corroborado por estudios con una mayor cantidad de pacientes y diseños metodológicos más robustos.
Improving Colonoscopy Preparation Using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Aponte Martín Diego Mauricio , Corso Bernal Claudia Liliana , Aponte Aparicio María Valentina , Sabbagh Sanvicente Luis Carlos
Published: March 2024

Objective: Colonoscopy is a handy tool in preventing and diagnosing colorectal cancer. Its optimal performance requires adequate preparation for good visualization of the mucosa. In our endoscopy unit, we use the Boston scale to evaluate the quality of bowel preparation. The present work intends to assess whether or not an additional intervention with an educational video on the Internet could improve the result of preparation using the Boston scale for colonoscopy to enhance the visualization and detection of adenomas.
Methods: A double-masked, randomized clinical trial. One group of patients received printed instructions on colonoscopy preparation, and another group received the same preparation plus the form contained a link and instructions to access and view a colonoscopy video posted on YouTube.
Results: A highly significant difference was observed between the means of the Boston preparation score for the group that watched the video versus the group that did not (8.16 vs. 6.75; p < 0.0001). A significant difference was also found in the Boston score by segments of the colon: right (2.6 vs. 1.9; p < 0.001), transverse (2.7 vs. 2.3; p < 0.0001), and left (2.8 vs. 2.5; p < 0.0001). Concerning the adenoma detection rate, it was higher in the group that watched the video (28%) than in the group that did not (21%); however, the difference was not significant (p = 0.33).
Conclusion: Watching an educational video significantly improves the quality of colonoscopy preparation through the Boston scale and the detection of adenomas; however, this difference was not significant, possibly due to a lack of a larger sample.
Investigar y publicar. 1. Cómo formular una pregunta de investigación
Authors: Albis Feliz Rosario
Published: March 2024

Introducción: la pregunta de investigación es la génesis del conocimiento, representa el planteamiento de la necesidad de responder algo que se ignora o al menos se sospecha sobre su realidad. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar cuales son los elementos fundamentales de una pregunta de investigación para su adecuada formulación.
Métodos: se realizó una revisión de la literatura en búsqueda de artículos que presentaran los pasos prácticos y de mayor utilidad para la formulación de una pregunta de investigación. Se hizo énfasis en algunas palabras esenciales como factible, interesante, novedosa, ética y relevante, resumidas en la sigla FINER.
Resultados: para estructurar adecuadamente la pregunta, se incluyeron los siguientes aspectos: población, pacientes o problema; intervención o indicador que está siendo estudiado; grupo de comparación; resultado (outcome) de interés, y marco de tiempo del estudio, resumidas en la sigla PICOT.
Conclusiones: las preguntas de investigación pueden ser construidas para abordar elementos importantes del estudio, incluidos la población que será estudiada, los resultados esperados y el tiempo que tomará lograr el resultado.
Enfoque actual para enseñar y evaluar a las nuevas generaciones de endoscopistas
Authors: Figueredo Peña María del Carmen , Rincón Sánchez Reinaldo Andrés Mauricio
Published: March 2024

La esofagogastroduodenoscopia (EGD) es un estudio diagnóstico y terapéutico para diferentes enfermedades del tracto gastrointestinal superior, que hace parte fundamental de la formación y el entrenamiento que reciben los fellows en los programas de gastroenterología, y se centra en el desarrollo de capacidades para llevarla a cabo de manera segura, eficaz, eficiente y con un claro dominio de la técnica. Históricamente, se le ha dado un valor fundamental a la cantidad de procedimientos requeridos para la adquisición de las habilidades y existe discrepancia en la recomendación dada por las diferentes sociedades científicas respecto a la cantidad “ideal” para cumplir con las exigencias mínimas y lograr las destrezas necesarias; sin embargo, cada estudiante tiene unas habilidades innatas y desarrolladas diferentes que hacen que ese proceso sea asimétrico en cada caso.
La adopción de un enfoque de entrenamiento combinado (observación, práctica clínica y simulación) es el mejor método para aprender EGD diagnóstica, dado que estamos frente a una generación que tiene formas de aprendizaje diferentes a las implementadas tradicionalmente, lo cual implica un proceso de entrenamiento y actualización constante de los endoscopistas que se dedican a la docencia.
THERMAL TOLERANCE MISMATCH EXPLAINS PATTERNS OF PATHOGEN PREVALENCE WITHIN AND AMONG FROG SPECIES
Authors: Duncan Richard , Scheele Benjamin , Clulow Simon
Published: March 2024

Emerging infectious diseases threaten many wildlife populations, yet
there is considerable variation in pathogen impacts both within and
among species. Understanding this variability is key to identifying
where and when pathogens will have substantial effects. Here we use data
on prevalence of the invasive pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
(Bd) in Australian frogs to test two predictions derived from the
hypothesis that mismatches in host-pathogen thermal tolerances can
explain prevalence patterns. We show that: 1) the slope of the
relationship between Bd prevalence and temperature within host species
transitions predictably from positive to increasingly negative as the
host species’ thermal optima increases; and 2) among host species, mean
Bd prevalence increases, peaks, and declines as the host species’
thermal optima increase. Both results align with theoretical
expectations and suggest that mismatches in environmental tolerance
between hosts and pathogens can explain much of the variation in
pathogen impacts observed within and among species.
Detailing the Stakeholder Theory of Management in the AI World: A Position Paper on Ethical Decision-Making
Authors:   Professor, American International University West Africa College of Management and Information Technology Banjul, The Gambia, Ademola Oko Emmanuel
Published: March 2024

Ademola, O. E. Professor, American International University West Africa College of Management and Information Technology Banjul, The Gambia E-mail: ademolaeo@p-acc.co.uk ABSTRACT As artificial intelligence (AI) technology continues to proliferate across various industries, the ethical implications of its development and deployment have come under scrutiny. In this position paper, we delve into the application of stakeholder theory in the AI world, with a focus on ethical decision-making processes. Drawing on academic literature and real-world examples, we examine how stakeholder theory can guide organizations and policymakers in navigating the complex ethical landscape of AI technology. By considering the perspectives and interests of various stakeholders, we argue that a stakeholder-centred approach is crucial for ensuring that AI is developed and utilized in a responsible and ethical manner. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Stakeholder Theory, Ethics, Decision-Making, Management Keywords: Theoretical Evaluation, Social Media, Entrepreneurial Opportunity, Evaluation, Business, Artificial Intelligence Journal Reference Format: Ademola, O.E. (2024): Detailing the Stakeholder Theory of Management in the AI World: A Position Paper on Ethical Decision-Making. Social Informatics, Business, Politics, L:aw, Environmental Sciences & Technology Journal. Vol. 10, No. 1. Pp 1-8 www.isteams/socialinformaticsjournal. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/SIJ/V10N1P1
Functional outcomes following surgery for spastic hip adductor muscles in ambulatory and non-ambulatory adults
Authors: Brun Daphnée , Hamel Olivier , Montané Emmeline , Scandella Marino , Castel-Lacanal Evelyne , De Boissezon Xavier , Philippe Marque , David Gasq , Cormier Camille
Published: March 2024

Objective: To evaluate functional outcomes of surgery of spastic hip adductor muscles (obturator neurotomy with or without adductor longus tenotomy) in ambulatory and non-ambulatory patients, using preoperatively defined personalized goals.
Design: Retrospective observational descriptive study.
Patients: Twenty-three patients with adductor spasticity who underwent obturator neurotomy between May 2016 and May 2021 at the Clinique des Cèdres, Cornebarrieu, France, were included.
Methods: Postoperative functional results were evaluated in accordance with the Goal Attainment Scaling method. Patients were considered “responders” if their score was ≥ 0. Secondary outcomes included spasticity, strength, hip range of motion and change in ambulatory capacity. When data were available, a comparison of pre- and postoperative 3-dimensional instrumented gait analysis was also performed.
Results: Among the 23 patients only 3 were non-walkers. Seventeen/22 patients achieved their main goal and 14/23 patients achieved all their goals. Results were broadly similar for both walking goals (inter-knee contact, inter-feet contact, fluidity, walking perimeter, toe drag) and non-walking goals (intimacy, transfer, pain, posture, dressing).
Conclusion: Surgery of spastic hip adductor muscles results in functional improvement in ambulation, hygiene, dressing and posture and can be offered to patients with troublesome adductor overactivity. The use of a motor nerve block is recommended to define relevant goals before the surgery.
Construyendo Resiliencia Digital: Estrategias Innovadoras contra el Bullying Escolar
Authors:   Universidad Estatal de Sonora Universidad Mexico, Landavazo Moreno Ernesto , Padilla Gavilanez Karina Isabel ,   Universidad Estatal de Bolívar Ecuador, Barajas Flores Juana ,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Mexico, Rodríguez Lasso Flora Dispertina ,   Universidad Estatal de Guayaquil Ecuador
Published: March 2024

El acoso escolar, conocido comúnmente como bullying, es un problema persistente y preocupante que afecta a millones de niños y adolescentes en todo el mundo. Se manifiesta de diversas formas, desde el acoso verbal y físico hasta la exclusión social y el ciberacoso, y puede tener consecuencias devastadoras para la salud mental. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar y analizar las diversas definiciones y conceptualizaciones del bullying escolar y la resiliencia digital en la literatura académica actual sobre una revisión documental de libros, revistas, artículos etc. Esto permitirá establecer una comprensión clara y fundamentada de los conceptos clave que se abordarán en el artículo, también es recopilar y sintetizar las estrategias innovadoras y efectivas que se han propuesto en la literatura académica para construir resiliencia digital y combatir el bullying escolar. La revisión bibliográfica sobre Construyendo Resiliencia Digital: Estrategias Innovadoras contra el Bullying Escolar se llevará a cabo siguiendo un enfoque sistemático para identificar, analizar y sintetizar la literatura académica relevante en bases de datos académicas como: Latindex, Scielo, Dialnet, Scopus y Google Académico. La resiliencia digital no solo tiene un impacto en el bienestar individual de los estudiantes, también en el éxito académico y el desarrollo integral de la comunidad escolar en su conjunto. Al construir resiliencia digital, estamos preparando a los estudiantes para enfrentar los desafíos del mundo digital de manera segura y responsable, y estamos creando entornos escolares que fomentan el aprendizaje, la colaboración y el crecimiento personal en un ambiente libre de acoso y ciberacoso.
Injertos óseos para implantología oral, técnicas y protocolos
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Cárdenas Chiliquinga Bryan Rodrigo , Guerrero Cordova Bryan Rafael ,   Investigador Independiente, Echeverría Delgado Eduardo Rafael ,   Investigador Independiente, Tapia Gómez Jessenia Liseth ,   Investigador Independiente
Published: March 2024

La implantología dental juega un papel importante en la actualidad, al igual que el uso de injertos óseos para mejorar la cantidad y calidad del hueso en pacientes con gran atrofia y reabsorción de los rebordes alveolares. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para resaltar los efectos del desdentamiento parcial o total en una persona y la importancia de una rehabilitación rápida y de calidad. Se describió la rehabilitación implanto-protésica como una opción destacada en la odontología actual, y la importancia de los injertos óseos en este proceso, incluyendo los tipos de injertos y los materiales utilizados en la actualidad. Se mencionaron las áreas intrabucales más utilizadas para obtener injertos óseos, así como los principales mecanismos para lograr el éxito de esta técnica, destacando su importancia en la rehabilitación oral en el contexto de la odontología moderna.
El Monstruo de los Andes (Pedro Alonso López) - Perfilación Criminal
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Ecuador Ecuador, Morales Fonseca Cristhian Fabricio , Baquero Adriano Jessica Lizbeth ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Ecuador Ecuador, Pastrano Morales Nataly Jazmin ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Ecuador Ecuador, Changotasig Alvarado Odalys Yessel ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Ecuador Ecuador
Published: March 2024

Pedro Alonso López, su nacimiento fue el 8 de octubre de 1948 asesino serial que ha marcado relevancia en el contexto criminológico a nivel internacional, presentando una serie de actos delictivos desde temprana edad en su país natal Colombia, presento una serie de manifestaciones importantes en el contexto familiar que pudieron incidir en la manifestación de dicha conducta; llegando a obtener registros de más de 300 personas asesinadas en toda su carrera delictiva. Fue capturado en Ambato, de donde fue transferido a Colombia, siendo liberado a un reclusorio mental, de donde salió en tres años por buena conducta. El objetivo fue determinar cuáles son las circunstancias familiares y sociales que influyeron en Pedro Alonso López, para establecer sus patrones delictivos y sus modos de accionar. Se utilizó una metodología bibliográfica -descriptiva en base a buscadores de fuentes de información confiables para compilarlas y analizarlas. Los resultados evidenciaron que Pedro Alonso López en su configuración criminal está presente factores familiares, sociales, ambientales que alimentan dicha conducta. Como conclusión se evidencia que existen elementos que cobran relevancia en la estructuración de un sujeto.
Assessing Genetic Variability in Taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.) Germplasm for Enhanced Breeding Strategies
Authors: Singh Sukhjot , Ram Manohar , Gupta Deepak , Meena Manoj Kumar , Nayak Pravat Kumar , Choudhary Komal , Rahul  , Kumar Rajneesh , Chouhan Shambhu
Published: March 2024

The present research was carried out to estimate the genetic variability for 13 characters among 30 different germplasm of Taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.) in a randomized block design with three replications over four artificially created environments through different dates of sowing (timely sown 17 Oct. and late sown 5 Nov.) with (Orobanche free and Orobanche infested field) i.e. timely sown, Orobanche free (E1 ), timely sown, Orobanche infested (E2 ), late sown, Orobanche free (E3 ), late sown, Orobanche infested (E4 ) at Research farm of SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner (SKNAU, Jobner) during the rabi 2022–23. Pooled Anova revealed significant differences among germplasm, environments and G×E interaction significant for all the traits except days to maturity, primary branches per plant, siliqua length (cm). Therefore, analysis of variance is carried out separately for each environment, indicated significant differences among all traits. In all four environments, the PCV>GCV value for all characters.  After comparing the mean and range for yield and different yield attributing traits in all four environments, it was found that both were highest in E1 for most of the traits. The high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean for all four environments revealed that characteristics such as height of first branch emergence (cm), seeds per siliqua, 1000-seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g) had high value. As a result, they might be under the control of additive gene action. Therefore, selection for these characters will be highly responsive.
APAKAH STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN MEMPENGARUHI PENGHINDARAN PAJAK? BUKTI EMPIRIS DARI PASAR MODAL INDONESIA
Authors: Fuadi Fauzan , Sawirti Riska Agi , Agustina Fitria Fertha , Mulyono Andi , Pratiwi Ratih Tiyas
Published: March 2024

Tax avoidance is an effort by company management to reduce tax payments. This study aims to examine the relationship between ownership structure and tax avoidance in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Furthermore, this research divides ownership structure into five variables, namely managerial ownership, institutional ownership, family ownership, government ownership, and foreign ownership. The study utilizes secondary data with a purposive sampling approach and selects a total of 300 firm-year observations. Regression analysis is employed to test the research hypotheses. The results of the study indicate that managerial, foreign, and family ownership structures have an impact on tax avoidance

Keywords: Tax Avoidance, Ownership Structure, Family Ownership, Managerial Ownership, Foreign Ownership
Measuring the Role of Social Media and E-word of Mouth on Purchase Intention of Secondate Make-up Products
Authors: Sudirgo Graciela , Cahyadi Lukman
Published: March 2024

Purchase intention is important to pay attention to because it relates to consumer interest in trying, buying, and owning products such as beauty products. Furthermore, it can be seen from the consumer's behavior of parasocial interaction, social value, and personal value towards the influencer, which will affect their interest in buying the product. This research takes the object of research as an owner as well as an influencer for beauty products Secondate. The research design uses a deductive approach with a quantitative research model to determine the impact of influencers on the quality of parasocial interaction, social values, personal values, and e-wom on purchase intention. The sample of this study were secondary make-up users with a total of 169 respondents. Data analysis used the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method. The results of the study show that parasocial interaction affects social value. Parasocial interaction increases positive perceptions of personal value, and social value can increase consumer purchase intention, but personal value cannot attract consumer purchase intention. Parasocial interaction does not affect consumer purchase intention, so e-wom does not moderate the effect of parasocial interaction on consumer purchase intention. The results of this study concluded that social media can be a means to affect the interest in buying a product. With the respondent's research on social value and personal value, it can be said that it affects a person's buying interest in a product. Social value and personal value can help us to sort out which products we need and which are suitable for us.