bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial utilization pattern in indoor patients of obstetrics and gynecology ward of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chincholkar Aparna , Sawant Ankita , Korde Vaishali
Published: April 2024

Background: Rational prescribing of antimicrobials is fundamentally necessary to reduce incidence of antimicrobial resistance. To evaluate the rationality of antimicrobial prescribing practices in patients admitted to obstetrics and gynecology ward of a tertiary care hospital using ICMR guidelines and to check how many drugs were prescribed from NLEMI.         
Methods: It was a prospective observational study. Study included newly admitted patients in obstetrics and gynecology ward receiving antimicrobial therapy. Drugs prescribed to the patients during their hospital stay were noted from case sheets in case record form. WHO core and economic indicators were used to analyze prescribing patterns. Medguideindia.com was referred for prices of drugs.
Results: Average number of drugs prescribed for a patient admitted in the obstetrics and gynecology ward were 3.22 and 4.31 respectively. Percentage of drugs prescribed by their generic name were 37.11% and 39.42% in obstetrics and gynecology ward respectively. 26.85% and 34.14% of patients received drugs through parenteral route in obstetrics and gynecology wards respectively. All antimicrobials were prescribed from NLEMI.
Conclusions: WHO recommends prescribing all drugs by their generic names. Average duration of antimicrobial treatment was higher than recommended average duration suggested by ICMR. ICMR recommends use of 2nd generation cephalosporins but in the present study 3rd generation cephalosporins were used. For rational use of antimicrobials and to reduce their cost it is recommended to prescribe antimicrobials by their generic names and reduce treatment duration by referring to ICMR Guidelines and NLEMI.
A case report on digoxin toxicity
Authors: Shereen Shaima , Fareedullah Mohammed , Jabeen Raqshan
Published: April 2024

Digoxin is an inotropic drug that is commonly prescribed in patient with heart related diseases. The effective dose of digoxin is 0.8-2.0 ng/ml beyond which digoxin causes toxic effects like visual dysfunction, irregular heartbeat, and cardiovascular collapse. Digoxin toxicity is caused due to increased automaticity and inotropy due to intracellular calcium and decreased dromotropy due to poisoning of sodium potassium transporter and AV nodal blockade. Digoxin toxicity should be assessed by continuous hemodynamic and cardiac monitoring including 12-lead electrocardiogram. There should be timely and immediate evaluation of electrolyte levels like potassium, calcium, serum creatinine and digoxin levels and prompt intensive care unit admission, if necessary. In this case study we studied a 43 old female patient prescribed with digoxin 0.25 mg, who had a medical history of congestive cardiac failure presented with symptoms of digoxin toxicity. The patient was assessed with electrocardiography (ECG) and managed by keeping digoxin on hold and effective patient counselling.
A splenic hydatid cyst in young female: a case report
Authors: Rama Rao Tadikonda , Reddy Y. Vidhya , Srujana R.
Published: April 2024

Splenic hydatid disease is a rare kind of hydatid disease, accounting for less than 8% of cases in humans. Here we present a case of 23 years old female patient came to hospital with chief complaints of pain radiating to left quadrant in the last 2 years and cough with sputum and nausea and admitted in the hospital for further evaluation. CT chest shows cystic mass in the left hypochondrium lateral to the stomach compressing the stomach, later did CT abdomen which clearly indicates the spleen is enlarged in size with well-defined hypodense non enhancing unilocular cystic lesion measuring 13×13×11 cm (CC×AP×TR) in the upper and mid poles.
Enhancing hemophilia A management: emicizumab as a cost-effective adjunct to standard therapy for inhibitor patients
Authors: Sharma Vishnu , Bagrodia Vansh , Kulshreshtra Aayush
Published: April 2024

This case report discusses the cost-effectiveness of emicizumab + low dose recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) therapy in management of mild hemophilia A with inhibitors. Initial treatment with recombinant factor VIII was complicated by inhibitor development, leading to recurrent bleeding and hematoma formation. After administering full dose rFVIIa to patient for controlling bleeding episodes initially, patient was transitioned to emicizumab alongside low-dose recombinant factor VIIa, which proved efficacious and cost-effective. This case highlights the potential of emicizumab to alleviate the financial burden on patients and healthcare systems, improving treatment access and outcomes for a broader hemophilia patient population.
Video assisted thoracoscopy surgery a viable alternative for duplication cyst excision: a case report on foregut duplication cyst
Authors: C. Anjana , Priya A. , Yadav Arun Chander
Published: April 2024

Alimentary tract duplication is a relatively uncommon congenital abnormality. It can be found anywhere from the mouth to the anus and can be symptomatic or undetectable. Although congenital duplication can happen anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, the ileum, oesophagus, and colon are the most common locations. The foregut, which includes the stomach, and first and second segments of the duodenum, is the source of one-third of all duplications. When foregut duplication involves the bronchial tree, respiratory symptoms are often present. Furthermore, excision through surgery is required for pathological examination of the resected specimen for definitive diagnosis. The most promising surgical approach for cyst excision has been thought to be open surgical resection through a posterolateral thoracotomy incision. However, video assisted thoracoscopy surgery has recently emerged as a viable surgical option for duplication cyst removal In paediatric surgery, video assisted thoracoscopy surgery has been established to facilitate the removal of mediastinal masses. However there is a limitation of research in the literature regarding the best surgical technique for oesophageal duplication cyst excision. In girls, foregut duplication is more common, especially in cases when bronchopulmonary involvement is present. While many duplications result in issues in early development, some are discovered by accident. When foregut duplication involves the bronchial tree, respiratory symptoms are often present. Haemoptysis and respiratory distress may be present in specific cases of the patient. Here, we described a 5-year-old male infant's case of foregut duplication with bronchial involvement and its management.
Clinical usefulness of urinary symptoms and urinalysis in diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium infection in an endemic area in Southern Nigeria: descriptive study
Authors: Nwaoha Chinyere A. , Nwolisa Emeka C. , Ikejiaku Udochikwuka P. , Amamilo Ifeyinwa B. , Ekanem Emmanuel E.
Published: April 2024

Background: Schistosoma haematobium infection occurs worldwide with the largest number of cases seen in sub-Saharan Africa. Most of the infections are acquired during childhood and are linked to urogenital diseases which contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. A study on the use of urinary symptoms, signs and urinalysis in the diagnosis of S. haematobium infection might aid in providing early, prompt and rapid intervention that will limit associated complications.
Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional of 421 children aged 6-12 years in Ohaukwu LGA, Ebonyi State, recruited from four public primary schools using multistage sampling method. Urinary symptoms and signs were obtained using a questionnaire; urine samples were collected for urinalysis and urine microscopy. Simple proportions and odds ratio (CI) were used to analyze the data. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated for various symptoms and signs. The data was analyzed with IBM-SPSS 20. Significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: The prevalence of S. haematobium infection among school children in Ohaukwu LGA was 30.17%. Visible blood in urine 71.77% and dysuria 70.16% were the predominant symptoms while liver tenderness 8.87% was the most common sign. The sensitivity vs specificity of visible blood in urine and microscopic haematuria were 71.77% vs 94.43% and 100.00% vs 97.21% respectively.
Conclusions: Microscopic haematuria alone was highly sensitive and specific and can be a reliable alternative to the gold standard in making diagnosis of S. haematobium infection in children living in this endemic region.
Pulmonary hypertension in congenital heart disease of children
Authors: Randriamanga Radohery Lovasoa , Rakotoarivelo Fanjaharimbola Cynthia , Rakotoarisoa Lalaina Andonirina
Published: April 2024

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is the dreaded complication of congenital heart disease with left-right shunt. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemio-clinical aspects of PAH associated with congenital heart disease.
Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive multicentre study over a 2-year period (1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021) conducted in three University Hospitals in Antananarivo. Hospitalized children with congenital left-right shunt heart disease were included.
Results: A total of 74 cases were recruited. The sex ratio was 0.7. The mean age of the children was 10.9 (SD=18.2) months. The mean age of onset of heart disease was 8 (SD=13.6) months. Heart disease was dominated by ventricular septal defect (51.3%), patent ductus arteriosus (39.2%), and atrioventricular canal (8.1%). PAH was encountered in 49 cases (66.2%). The majority of children with PAH were under 12 months of age (71.4%) and malnourished (70.2%). According to the type of heart disease, PAH was encountered in all complete CAVs, in 76.3% of CIVs and in 55.2% of PCAs. Eseinmenger's syndrome was present in 4% of cases, and the death rate was 20.3%.
Conclusions: Improved management of children with congenital heart disease is needed, both in terms of diagnosis and surgical treatment, to prevent the onset of PAH.
A comprehensive analysis of twin births: clinical characteristics, morbidity trends, and risk determinants
Authors: Parvin Nazma , Naher Begum Sharifun , Shamim Kazi Farhana Binta , Chowdhury Golam Riad
Published: April 2024

Background: Twin births are often associated with increased risks and complications compared to singleton births. This study aims to analyze the clinical profile, morbidity pattern, and risk factors associated with twin births, focusing on maternal characteristics, neonatal outcomes, and the prevalence of conditions such as low birth weight (LBW) and preterm births.
Methods: This hospital-based observational study was conducted at a tertiary care center, involving 25 mothers who had given birth to twins and their 50 neonates. The study assessed maternal age, antenatal care, parity, medical history, and neonatal outcomes including birth weight, gestational age, respiratory and cardiac parameters, and overall health status. Data were collected through medical records and direct observations in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Results: The majority of mothers (64%) were aged between 21-30 years, with a mean age of 24.8 years. A significant proportion (92%) had regular antenatal visits, and 96% were multiparous. The majority of neonates (68%) were aged ≤12 hours at assessment, with a near-equal distribution between very low birth weight (VLBW) and LBW. Preterm births were common, affecting 84% of the neonates. Respiratory challenges were evident, with 62% of neonates having SpO2 levels below 94%. The mortality rate among the neonates was 32%.
Conclusions: The study highlights the high-risk nature of twin pregnancies, characterized by a significant prevalence of LBW, VLBW, and preterm births. The findings emphasize the need for enhanced prenatal care and specialized neonatal interventions. The high mortality rate among neonates indicates the critical need for targeted strategies to improve neonatal outcomes in twin pregnancies. These insights are crucial for informing clinical practices and developing comprehensive care protocols for managing twin pregnancies and their associated risks.
No time to waste for wasted children in Bihar: time to reset
Authors: Saurabh Kumar , Jaiswal A. K. , Tiwari A. K.
Published: April 2024

Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) with severe wasting remains a major killer of children. In Bihar, 48% of children are stunted, 21 % are wasted, and 7% are severely wasted. Even during the first six months of life, 31% are wasted. The objective of this study was to study wasting trends and contributing factors responsible for changes in Bihar among children 0-5 years.  
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done using a data of NFHS-5 survey in Bihar (N=35,834) conducted in all 38 districts of the state from July, 2019 to February, 2020. The Bihar NFHS-5 report and factsheets, including NFHS-4 data, were downloaded and converted to excel to enable data visualization and trend analysis. The outcome variable Wasting was measured using NFHS-5 relevant questionnaires given under nutrition category. We analyzed trends between NFHS-5 and NFHS-4 Bihar data for severe wasting/wasting, determinants, and coverage of interventions.
Results: The prevalence of severe wasting has increased from 7% to 8.8%, while wasting increased from 20.8% to 22.9% (NFHS-5). The severe wasting and wasting has reversed or worsened in 27 districts. There is a mixed picture of infant feeding- early initiation of breastfeeding worsening and some improvements in exclusive breastfeeding and timely introduction of complementary feeding. Consistent improvement across districts for underlying determinants, but slight, in women’s education, teenage pregnancy, and marriage before 18 years.  
Conclusions: Need to invest in improving maternal determinants-age at marriage, education, ANC coverage, and teenage pregnancy. It is imperative to focus on preventing, identifying, and treating wasting.
A study of correlation between foot length and gestational maturity and anthropometric measurements in neonates
Authors: A. Ashvini , Raghupathy N. S. , A. Nalini
Published: April 2024

Background: This pinnacle’s the importance for alternative measurements which predicts birth weight and gestational age (GA). Foot length is a simple measure and does not require expertise. The aim of this study was to study correlation of foot length and GA among preterm, term and post-term neonates.
Methods: This study was a prospective observational study done in 155 babies. Anthropometric measurements were taken within the first 24 hours of life. GA estimation was done using modified Ballard score. Foot length, head circumference and chest circumference were measured and noted. Weight of the baby was recorded using electronic weighing scale.
Results: Foot length statistically correlated (p<0.05) with GA assessment using NBS, weight, length, head circumference and chest circumference. The highest correlation of foot length in term SGA and term AGA babies for foot length was with head circumference (r=0.74 and 0.64 respectively). In pre-terms, foot length correlated well with head circumference and birth weight (r=0.92, 0.84 and 0.92 respectively). There were no babies in preterm LGA group and post term SGA and LGA group.
Conclusions: Foot length also statistically correlated with other parameters like birth weight, length, head circumference and chest circumference.
Patterns of neonatal admissions and mortality among neonates admitted to special neonatal care units: a two-year cross-sectional study at selected special neonatal care units in Odisha, India
Authors: Sahu Smitamayee , Subbarayalu Yayathee
Published: April 2024

Background: Odisha has built 44 special newborn care units to treat severely sick infants at various levels. This study aimed to determine morbidity and mortality profiles among neonates admitted to the SNCUs and extend efforts to improve outcomes by investigating crucial variables.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study on all neonates admitted to SNCUs of 4 districts (Balangir, Kalahandi, Koraput, and Rayagada) between two calendar years (January 2020 and December 2021). We collected data on epidemiology, clinical presentation, and neonatal and maternal characteristics. We used Microsoft Excel to analyze categorical and continuous variables, with the Chi2 test for proportion comparison.
Results: 17615 neonates were admitted in 2020-2021, 58% below one day and 59% male. ST babies were predominant. Outborn unit had 52% admissions, with 67% full-term and 31% pre-term. 74% of outborns used government vehicles for transportation. Most diagnoses were birth asphyxia, HIE, neonatal jaundice, low birth weight, and neonatal sepsis. The study found that 43% of neonates died from hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy /perinatal asphyxia, 22% from Sepsis, 12% from extremely low birth weight babies, and 9% from prematurity. The Chi2 test showed a statistically significant difference in survival rates between doctors and dai, with a 91% survival rate and a 71% survival rate.
Conclusions: Birth asphyxia was found to be the most essential cause of morbidity and mortality. Regular training at district levels is crucial for ensuring proper newborn care, including warmth, feeding, cleanliness, and prevention of asphyxia, to reduce preterm birth and low birth weight.
Gastric antral web presenting with esophageal stricture and severe malnutrition
Authors: Okumuş Mustafa , Zarbaliyev Elbrus , Gürakan Seyitahmet , Gökçe Selim
Published: April 2024

Gastric antral web is a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction in children. Common complaints include intermittent non-bilious vomiting, bloating, pain, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Herein, we report a case of gastric antral web presenting with esophageal stricture and malnutrition, which was followed for many years with a misdiagnosis. An 8-year-old African boy was referred to our pediatric gastroenterology clinic due to recurrent vomiting and severe malnutrition. According to his medical history, the patient began experiencing non-bilious vomiting at 40 days of age and a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux was made. He was hospitalized multiple times and received nasogastric tube feedings in the following 4 years. He was re-evaluated for growth retardation and malnutrition at 4 years of age. He had been diagnosed with gluten enteropathy and was fed a gluten-free diet. Recently, he developed difficulty swallowing solid food and was only able to consume liquid meals. Esophagography revealed segmental stenosis in the distal portion of the esophagus. After stricture excision with thoracotomy, upper gastrointestinal series with a radiopaque substance indicated normal esophageal passage; however, prolonged gastric emptying time was also noted. Upon examination during laparotomy, a congenital web was detected in the antral region and was excised. Esophageal and gastric pathologies were consistent with stricture caused by reflux esophagitis and gastric antral web. Today, gastric antral web is mostly diagnosed and treated in infancy. Near total obstruction is relatively easy to diagnose; however, many patients with partial obstruction are followed-up for years with an incorrect diagnosis. Therefore, it should be considered in such cases, persistent vomiting and gastroesophageal reflux may be associated with esophageal stricture.
Health Innovation & Technology in Latin America & the Caribbean
Authors:   HolonIQ,   IDB Lab
Published: April 2024

The report offers a comprehensive analysis of health startups in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), delving into the challenges, trends, and investments in the region. It identifies major health challenges faced by LAC populations alongside issues of access, funding, data, workforce, technology, and regulation. Additionally, it outlines 50 health innovation and technology trends shaping the future of healthcare in LAC, with 15 strategic shifts indicating fundamental transformations. The report maps the landscape of health startups, analyzing their distribution by country, sub-sector, and cluster, while also highlighting key venture capital investors and funding activities. Furthermore, it examines IDB Lab's role in the sector and its portfolio of health innovation projects, offering insights into funding types, regions, sub-sectors, and ecosystem players in LAC, both historically and post-pandemic. The report is accompanied by a compendium of health innovation startups in the region, available at: https://publications.iadb.org/en/health-innovation-technology-latin-america-caribbean-market-landscape-and-compendium-companies.
A systematic approach at the development and assessment of functional literacy of the students of professional educational organizations: regional aspect
Authors: Akopian V. A.
Published: April 2024

Functional literacy as a pedagogical category is considered in the context of its development in the system of secondary vocational education. It is known that for the successful development of the personal characteristics of students, the teacher needs a deep understanding of its essence and context. In this article, a description of the process of development and evaluation of functional literacy of students of professional educational organizations is presented, based on a systematic approach, which is considered as a methodological basis for the development and functioning of the process of developing functional literacy among students of vocational schools. The experience of professional development of vocational education teachers for the implementation of a systematic approach is also presented. The emphasis is on the development of general professional competencies, which are based on the key components of functional literacy and are related to the characteristics of the future activities of students of secondary vocational education. The content of the educational community work in the Samara region in the field of functional literacy at the secondary school level, described by the author, reflects the stages of the process, regional specifics, features of the professional development of secondary school teachers and the implementation of the principles of a systematic approach (integrity, hierarchy, planning, dynamism, adaptability and structuring) in the formation and assessment of functional literacy of students of professional educational organizations.
Learning Using Edmodo Based On The Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Mathematics (STEAM) Method
Authors: Anita Nurlaela Ai , Suhada Idad , Maspupah Meti
Published: April 2024

This research was motivated by technological developments in the world of education, particularly the increasingly rapid e-learning as one of the media supporting learning. The STEAM approach to learning can improve critical thinking, creative and collaboration skills with good communication. This is very necessary to face the challenges of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Therefore, this study aimed to assess student response to the learning of the immune system using Edmodo based on the STEAM approach. The study used the Pre Experiment Method with a one-group pretest post-test research design. Data was collected through observations and tests. The instruments used were observation sheets, creative thinking ability tests, validation sheets and questionnaires. This study discovered an increase in students’ creative thinking skills with pretest results of 80.00 and posttest of 97.14. The results of hypothesis testing showed that Asymp Sig. < Sig. 0.05 was 0.002 < 0.05, as such, H0 was rejected, and H1 was accepted, showing a significant increase between the pretest and post-test. In addition, the average value of n-gain was 0.71 in the high category. Student responses to the media and learning approaches were positive, with a percentage of 86.97% in the very good category.
Keywords: learning, edmodo, STEAM
Developing an Interactive Multimedia Innovation Based on Android Using the Smart Apps Creator 3.0 as Teaching Material for Buffered Solution Course
Authors: Rahman Gusti , Nurfajriani Nurfajriani , Siti Jahro Iis
Published: April 2024

The use of interactive multimedia using Android in chemistry learning materials will make the process of learning more effective, efficient, and interesting. This study focused on developing interactive multimedia using the help of the Smart Apps Creator 3.0 software to improve student learning. This research follows the 4D model development research (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The research sample consisted of 25 students of class XI in a senior high school Grade. The results showed that the interactive multimedia based on Android developed was related to BSNP, with an average acquisition of an eligibility test from a material expert of 3.80 and the average eligibility of a media expert of 3.81 on a scale of 4.00. The learning outcomes of students who were taught using Android-based interactive multimedia were in the high category with an N-Gain value of 0.71, and the learning outcomes obtained by students were higher than the KKM value set at school of 75. These results indicated that this Android-based interactive learning multimedia was appropriate to use as buffered solution material for the high school teaching and learning processes.
Keywords: interactive multimedia, android, chemistry, learning materials
Bringing Compassion to Mathematics Learning in Elementary School
Authors: Rohman Khabibur , . Turmudi , Budimansyah Dasim , Syaodih Ernawulan , Cahya Maulidiyah Eka
Published: April 2024

Poor instructional design is alleged to be the cause of the low ability and poor mathematical attitude of students. The preparation of learning design focuses too much on academic intellectual barriers and tends to override psychological-emotional barriers. Without overcoming cognitive and emotional barriers at the same time, a student will not achieve optimal results in learning mathematics. This study aims to analyze the needs of learning mathematics in elementary schools and especially analyze the existence of social emotional barriers in learning mathematics. The results of the learning needs analysis are used as the basis for developing a more comprehensive mathematics learning design. This study uses a qualitative - descriptive method. The study was conducted in 10 elementary schools in East Java involving 30 students and 10 mathematics teachers. The results showed that students who had difficulty in learning mathematics were not always due to the student’s academic capacity, but were also influenced by their ability to focus, struggle, and their involvement in learning. The teachers so far only focus on overcoming academic obstacles and tend to override social emotional barriers in learning mathematics. The purpose of learning mathematics will be achieved when the teacher succeeds in overcoming both intellectual and emotional problems. The implications of the research findings show the urgency to include the value of compassion in mathematics learning, especially at the elementary school. Compassionate mathematics is an idea to collaborate on social emotional learning, joyful learning and realistic education in learning mathematics.
Keywords: compassion, elementary school, mathematics learning
Analysis of Creative Thinking Skill in Solving Mathematical Problems Viewed from the Types of Personality
Authors: Anggorowati Wening , Kariadinata Rahayu , Widiastuti A. T. Tutut
Published: April 2024

Creative thinking skills are part of the student’s thinking process in solving math problems. Each student has a different thought process according to their personality, so needed suitable learning model for each type of integration. One of the personality type that can be used to review students creative thinking skills is the Keirsey personality type. The purpose of this research is to obtain a description of student personality types based on Keirsey personality test results and creative thinking skills of students in solving mathematical problems on personality types Guardian, Artisan, Rational, and Idealist. The research subjects were students of class X MIPA 1 in one of the senior high schools in Bandung by purposive sampling. This research is descriptive-qualitative research. The results showed that subjects with Guardian personality types became the majority in the class and students with Idealist personality types became the minority. Then based on the results of the analysis, students with Guardian personality types meet indicators of fluency, novelty, and elaboration; Artisans meet indicators of fluency and novelty; Idealists meet indicators of fluency and novelty; and Rational meet all indicators of creative thinking skills, namely fluency, flexibility, novelty and elaboration. By knowing the student’s personality type, it is expected to be a reference in teaching methods in order to improve student creative thinking skills.
Keywords: creative thinking skill, solving mathematical problems, types of personality
Mathematical Connection of Prospective Mathematics Teachers in Constructing Graph-Based Real-life Problem
Authors: Prihartiwi N R , El Milla Y I
Published: April 2024

Mathematical connection ability is one of the important abilities that students should have. Connecting real-world problems to mathematical concepts can make learning mathematics more meaningful for students. In everyday life, there is a lot of information presented in graphs. Graphing competence consists of graph interpretation and graph construction. Even though graph construction is a crucial yet neglected skill. From the previous explanation, the purpose of this study is to describe the ability of students to construct a graph based on a real-life problem. This descriptive qualitative study is collected from 37 prospective mathematics teachers in a university. All students had to answer one question about constructing a graph based on a real-life situation given. The result of this study, students’ mathematical connection between everyday life and mathematics itself was still low. Using indicators in this study: 10.81% of the students could not represent the real-life situation in the graph that they constructed; 75.68% of the students made graphs but many features of the graphs did not represent the situation well; and 13.51% of the students made more representing graph but some features of the graph did not relevant. Therefore, in mathematics learning the teacher should give more experience to the students to explore everyday life situations using mathematics and encourage students to write their thoughts down so that mathematics becomes meaningful for students.
Keywords: constructing graph-based real-life problem, mathematical connection, prospective mathematics teachers
Remeasuring Numeracy Literacy Skills: How Is the Students' Skills Post Pandemic?
Authors: Marthyane Pratiwi Inne , Apriani Lisna , Rifqi Mahmud Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Numeracy literacy refers to an individual’s ability to apply knowledge, methods, facts, and mathematical tools in everyday life. Recognizing the significance of numeracy literacy in daily life emphasizes the need for students to acquire these skills from an early age. The objective of this study is to delineate the numeracy literacy profile of students in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (Islamic-based elementary schools) after the covid-19 pandemic, specifically in numerical concepts. The study employed a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method. Data were collected through tests, interviews, and document analysis. The data underwent processing using Milles and Huberman analysis techniques, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion/verification. The research participants consisted of 132 of fourth grade students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, Bandung. Traditionally, students’ numeracy literacy skills are classified as basic. Students possess fundamental computational math skills, demonstrated by their ability to solve direct equations. They exhibit proficiency in understanding fractions, identifying the position of fractions on a number line, comparing two fractions, performing addition and subtraction of two whole numbers, and determining the Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) quite well. Therefore, in an effort to enhance students’ numeracy literacy skill, students require tutoring through learning strategies tailored to post-pandemic covid-19 conditions, considering their initial abilities.
Keywords: numeracy literacy skills, post pandemic, students’ skills
Learning Obstacles of Junior High School Students on the Concept of Triangle
Authors: Aprizal Bintara Idvan , Prabawanto Sufyani
Published: April 2024

Geometry is one of the important topics in school mathematics. Many people solve daily life problems using geometry, including the concept of triangles. However, many students still have obstacles in learning the concept of triangles. This study aims to analyze students’ learning obstacles on the concept of triangle. A qualitative research along with a case study was conducted on 45 students of 9th grade, studying at one of the junior high schools in Majalengka, West Java, Indonesia. The data were collected using triangulation which included document analysis, test, and interview. The results showed that students experienced several types of learning obstacles, including students facing issues in incomplete or inadequate presentation of triangle material (didactical obstacle); their inability to use the triangle concept in the context of non-routine questions (epistemological obstacle); and their inability to follow the learning demands about the definition of triangle, the types of triangles, and the area of triangle (ontogenic obstacle), so that it is indicated that students have problems in understanding the concept of triangle. The results of this study can be used as a reference for developing a more optimal didactical design.
Keywords: junior high school, learning obstacles, triangle
Identification of the Difficulties of Middle School Students in Understanding the Mixed Operations of Integer
Authors: Najiya Hanifa Ulfa , Prabawanto Sufyani , Fatimah Siti
Published: April 2024

The difference between the students’ conceptions and the conceptual substance has led to a misconception regarding the mixed arithmetic operation on integers. This study aims to describe students’ understanding and to identify learning difficulties related to the mixed operation of integers. This study was a qualitative study with a case study design. The subjects of the study were the students of grade VII of a junior high school in Bandung. The data collection was done through tests, interviews, and curriculum documents. Data analysis is descriptive in general by reposing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that students have difficulties in understanding the concept of integers and their operation, especially those related to the mixed operations of integers. Based on the data analysis, it can be shown that some students recognize numbers only as a formal symbol in mathematics. Numbers for them are something abstract so they have difficulty when they present these numbers in concrete. Another result is students have difficulty in using mixed operations of integers.
Keywords: difficulties of middle school students, mixed operations of integer, understanding
The Impact of Mathematical Reasoning and Critical Thinking Skills on Mathematical Literacy Skills
Authors: Dhianti Haeruman Leny , Salsabila Ellis , Anastassia Amellia Kharis Selly
Published: April 2024

For learning mathematics, mathematical skills are needed, some of which are mathematical reasoning skills, mathematical critical thinking skill, and mathematical literacy skills. This research aims to obtain information regarding the impact of mathematical reasoning and critical thinking skills on mathematical literacy skills. This research used a quantitative approach using an associative method with a correlational technique. The sample of this research was comprised 51 students who took integral calculus course in the Department of Mathematics and Mathematics Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Science in Universitas Negeri Jakarta, which were collected randomly using simple random sampling. The statistical analysis used in this research was multiple regression analysis. The results of this research showed that: 1) There was a positive impact of mathematical reasoning on mathematical literacy. 2) There was a positive impact of mathematical critical thinking skill on mathematical literacy. 3) There was an impact of both mathematical reasoning skill and mathematical critical thinking skill together on mathematical literacy. Further research is needed related to the impact of mathematical reasoning and critical thinking skills on mathematical literacy skills reviewed from the student’s initial mathematical skill.
Keywords: critical thinking skills, mathematical literacy skills, mathematical reasoning
Cognitive Flexibility: Exploring Students' Critical Thinking Skills in Solving Mathematical Problems
Authors: Marzuki Marzuki , Rusmar Irfan , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Juandi Dadang
Published: April 2024

Cognitive flexibility is an individual’s ability to think, and critical thinking skills in the 21st century are needed by students. This study aims to obtain a substantive theory (conjecture) that is associated with students’ critical thinking skills in solving mathematical problems. This type of research is qualitative with Grounded Theory (GT) systematic design procedures. Because the design of this research is GT, therefore, the data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding with the help of NVivo 12 plus software. The participants involved were 30 students. The research guideline was in the form of a critical thinking ability test and semi-structured interview. In-depth interviews were conducted based on the results of the ability to think critically until the data was saturated. Data saturation occurred in the 5th interview. To test the reliability of critical thinking skills, categories and subcategories were carried out by two coders with a Cohen kappa value of 0.65, so that the coding was made reliable. The results obtained were hypothetical: if participants can think critically, then participants can solve problems, can provide arguments, can interpret algebraic derivative application functions, and can develop problem-solving strategies in critical thinking.
Keywords: critical thinking skills, cognitive flexibility, solving mathematical problems
Debriefing Program of Digital Literacy-oriented Teaching Material Development for Prospective Physics Teacher Students in the MBKM-Teaching Assistant Program
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Syamsuddin Agustan , Nurlina Nurlina
Published: April 2024

This study aims to develop a debriefing program for prospective physics teacher students in order to develop digital literacy-oriented learning tools through the independent learning campus program - teaching assistance program (MBKM - Teaching Assistance Program). One of the converted courses in the teaching assistant program is the development of learning tools. The debriefing model given to students is in the form of project-based debriefing. The Reeves design-based research (DBR) model was used as the research design, and the data were processed descriptively. A field needs analysis was conducted on students who had taught in schools through the analysis of learning aids and questionnaires. The participants in this study were 18 students who are prospective physics teachers and also members of the Teaching Assistance Program. The research stages are needs analysis, curriculum analysis, lesson plan design for material analysis, and learning assessment. All forms of projectbased assignments were directed at the development of digital literacy-oriented teaching materials. The results of the research were in the form of stages of debriefing, debriefing materials, and procedures for application debriefing programs. In addition, the results of the limited trial showed that students tend to have digital literacy skills in the medium category. They are already proficient with several applications in designing interesting and correct teaching materials.
Keywords: digital literacy, prospective physics teacher, MBKM-teaching
Analysis of Students' Geometrical Thinking from Geometry Task Related to HOTS from PISA
Authors: Khaedir Lutfi Muh. , Cahya Mulyaning Endang , Annisa Kusumastuti Fitri
Published: April 2024

This study intends to analyze geometry tasks related to Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) through geometrical thinking level by Van Hiele which consists of visualization, analysis, abstraction, deduction, and rigor. This study only focuses on visualization, analysis, and abstraction levels. The stages in this study are divided into three steps. Chronologically, the first stage begins with the process of compiling PISA tasks related to geometry and HOTS, especially for examining the students’ spatial abilities. From all the tasks obtained, three tasks match the criteria that were most relevant to Van Hiele’s geometrical thinking level. The second stage was continued by testing the instrument test to 23 students from one of the schools in Tangerang Regency as respondents. In the last stage, analyze the students’ answers based on the steps of their work and compare them with the theory of geometrical thinking from Van Hiele. The results of this study indicate that there are differences between the steps of the students’ answers and theoretical answer steps that are expected in this study. The conclusion that can be drawn is that the students’ learning experiences in understanding geometrical concepts are not theoretically compatible with the principles of spatial ability, especially in completing geometry tasks related to HOTS.
Keywords: Students’ Geometrical Thinking, Geometry Task, PISA
Analysis Student's Communication Skills Using ICARE-U Learning Model on Energy Sources Materials
Authors: Pratiwi Mala , Asyhari Ardian , Aulia Khairun N. , Siahaan Parsaoran
Published: April 2024

The research aimed to analyze the impact of the ICARE-MBI2 (ICARE-U) learning model on students communication skills on energy source materials. The ADDIE design (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation) was applied. The participants of this research are 13 male students called “Mekhanai” and 17 women called “Muli” (Lampungnese tribe) of class 12 in Senior High School in Bandar Lampung. The instruments used in this study were creative thinking skills tests, with four communication skills indicators by Partnership 21 framework. The improvement of communication skills can be seen from the average communication skills of task 1 and task 2 were 52.5 and 95.75 and there is a significant impact on students’ communication skills on energy sources materials. Student responses were analyzed after using the ICARE-U learning model with the Rasch model analysis. The results measure was 0.60 with an average of 0.54 for 30 students and 10 questions. Student’s communication skills had improved after receiving learning using the ICARE-U learning model with students’ worksheets and learning website as multimedia. Based on this research, learning using the ICARE-U model impacts students communication skills on energy source materials.
Keywords: communication skills, ICARE-U learning model, energy
Critical Thinking Skills Enhancement: Implementation of CLIS Learning Models on Work and Energy
Authors: Oktavianty Erwina , Silitonga Haratua Tiur Maria , Marlina Reni , Ridwan Irwan Muhammad , Dirsa Indah Sanita
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to improve critical thinking skills (CTs) using the children learning in science (CLIS) model of students about work and energy at Junior Secondary School. The form of research used a pre-experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research participants were 28 students (eight grades) selected by using the intact group technique, randomly. The research instrument consisted of 6 essay questions. The result showed CTs students on work and energy was 49% in the medium category before the CLIS Lesson, while in the posttest it was 63% with the high category. Statistic descriptive analysis shows t count > t table, which means that Ho is rejected. It reveals a significant increase in the CTs of students. The increase in CTs in the CLIS model uses a gain score of 0.3 in the moderate category. So, it can be concluded that applying the CLIS model can improve CTs in energy and work materials. The CLIS model can be used as an alternative in the learning process to improve student’s CTs in work and energy materials.
Keywords: critical thinking skills, CLIS learning models, work and energy
Education for Sustainable Development in Secondary School: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Ismail Ismail , Riandi Riandi , Kaniawati Ida , Permanasari Anna , Sopandi Wahyu , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: April 2024

Education for sustainable development (ESD) should be implemented at all levels of education, including secondary schools. This article aimed to give a thorough bibliometric assessment of the literature on “education for sustainable development in secondary schools.” The article was discovered in the Scopus database. The Scopus database reviewed in this study yielded 100 papers from 1998 to 2022. The VOS viewer software was then used to organize, classify, and visualize the selected references. Overall, this evaluation serves as a good starting point for more research into secondary school “education for sustainable development.”
Keywords: education for sustainable development, secondary school. a review, bibliometric analysis
REVERSE ONYMIC DICTIONARY ACROSS 15 YEARS
Authors: Karpenko Olena , Neklesova Valeriia , Tkachenko Anna
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The article is dedicated to the comparison of two reverse onymic associative dictionaries. This project provides a significant opportunity to advance the understanding of onomastic identity in the changing onomastic landscape. The case study’s findings should provide valuable insight into the associative aspect of the onomastic landscape where memetic landmarks could be revealed.
Purpose. The article’s purpose is to compare two reverse onymic associative dictionaries. Consequently, the research object is the onymic component of the associative field of the stimuli, the subject being the associative distribution of the onymic reactions to the onymic stimuli and their comparative analysis.
Materials and methodology. The datasets on which we base our investigation are drafted from the 2006 and 2021 free associative experiments conducted in Odesa I. I. Mechnikov University with 100 participants each. We investigated correlations between associations and stimuli, taking onymic reactions into particular focus. In this paper, we present the entries compiled in the following way: from associations to their stimuli, listed in alphabetical order.
Results. The current study reveals that onymic reactions cover all the classes of proper names, including anthroponyms, toponyms, ethnonyms, theonyms, ideonyms, zoonyms, chrematonyms, chrononyms, ergonyms, phytonyms, cosmonyms. The dynamics may be presented as follows: a significant increase in the number of onymic reactions is observed in chrononyms — 2.6 times, chrematonyms — 2.3 times, theonyms — 1.8 times, which indicates growing importance of time, material values and spiritual beliefs, especially taking into consideration peculiarities of the Covid pandemic period with its high death rate, social distancing, lockdowns; a decrease of associates that belong to ergonyms — 3.25 times and anthroponyms — 1.3 times may be a sign of the fact that the value of a person and a group of people diminishes, less connection with the group is felt, the sense of belonging to a group is eroded together with the growing understanding of the feeling of transience, of time value; decrease of associates-toponyms — 1.4 times and ethnonyms — 1.3 times lays bare lessening of ties to the location and a corresponding ethnic group with a sense of individualization. The dramatic shifts in the mental onomastic landscape of the informants became evident during the comparison of both datasets.