bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D synergistic tumor-liver analysis further improves the efficacy prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-center study
Authors: Jiang Yurong , Zhang Jiawei , Liu Zhaochen , Zhang Jinxiong , Yu Xiangrong , Lin Danyan , Dong Dandan , Cai Mingyue , Duan Chongyang , Liu Shuyi , Wang Wenhui , Chen Yuan , Li Qiyang , Xu Weiguo , Huang Meiyan , Fu Sirui
Published: January 2025

Background

Besides tumorous information, synergistic liver parenchyma assessments may provide additional insights into the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate whether 3D synergistic tumor-liver analysis could improve the prediction accuracy for HCC prognosis.

Methods

A total of 422 HCC patients from six centers were included. Datasets were divided into training and external validation datasets. Besides tumor, we also performed automatic 3D assessment of liver parenchyma by extracting morphological and high-dimensional data, respectively. Subsequently, we constructed a tumor model, a tumor-liver model, a clinical model and an integrated model combining information from clinical factors, tumor and liver parenchyma. Their discrimination and calibration were compared to determine the optimal model. Subgroup analysis was conducted to test the robustness, and survival analysis was conducted to identify high- and low-risk populations.

Results

The tumor-liver model was superior to the tumor model in terms of both discrimination (training dataset: 0.747 vs. 0.722; validation dataset: 0.719 vs. 0.683) and calibration. Moreover, the integrated model was superior to the clinical model and tumor-liver model, particularly in discrimination (training dataset: 0.765 vs. 0.695 vs. 0.747; validation dataset: 0.739 vs. 0.628 vs. 0.719). The AUC of the integrated model was not influenced by AFP level, BCLC stage, Child–Pugh grade, and treatment style in training (6 months p value: 0.245–0.452; 12 months p value: 0.357–0.845) and validation (6 months p value: 0.294–0.638; 12 months p value: 0.365–0.937) datasets. With a risk score of 1.06, high- and low-risk populations demonstrated significant difference for progression-free survival (p < 0.001 in both datasets).

Conclusions

Combined with clinical factors, 3D synergistic tumor-liver assessment improved the efficacy prediction of HCC.
Regular versus as-needed treatments for mild asthma in children, adolescents, and adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Pornsuriyasak Prapaporn , Sa-nguansai Sunatee , Thadanipon Kunlawat , Numthavaj Pawin , McKay Gareth J. , Attia John , Thakkinstian Ammarin
Published: January 2025

Background

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are recommended treatment for mild asthma. We aimed to update the evidence on the efficacy and safety of ICS-containing regimens, leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA), and tiotropium relative to as-needed (AN) short-acting β2-agonists (SABA) in children (aged 6–11 years) and adolescents/adults.

Methods

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of regular and AN treatment for mild asthma was conducted (CRD42022352384). PubMed, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched up to 31st March 2024. RCTs in children or adolescents/adults with mild asthma were eligible if they compared any of the following treatments: ICS alone or in combination with fast-acting bronchodilators (FABA, i.e., formoterol or SABA) or long-acting β2-agonists (LABA), LTRA, tiotropium, and SABA alone, for the following outcomes: exacerbations, asthma symptoms, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), asthma-specific quality-of-life (QoL), or severe adverse events (SAEs). The two-stage network meta-analysis (NMA) was used to pool risk ratios (RR) or mean differences for treatment outcomes. The risk of bias was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2). This review followed the PRISMA reporting guideline and the PRISMA checklist is presented in Additional file 2.

Results

Thirteen RCTs in children and 29 in adolescents/adults were included. Regular ICS ranked best for preventing exacerbations and improving FEV1 in children. NMA of RCTs suggested regular ICS were better in preventing exacerbations than LTRA (RR [95% confidence intervals], (0.81 [0.69,0.96]) and AN-SABA (0.61 [0.48,0.78]), and not different from AN-ICS (0.83 [0.62,1.12]). In adolescents/adults, for preventing severe exacerbations, regular ICS outperformed AN-SABA (0.58 [0.46,0.73]), but AN-ICS/FABA (0.73 [0.54,0.97]), and regular ICS/LABA (0.68 [0.48,0.97]) surpassed regular ICS. Symptom relief and improved FEV1 were not different among the ICS-containing regimens. Regular ICS ranked best for improved QoL and least likely for SAEs.

Conclusions

Regular ICS use may be the most effective treatment for preventing exacerbation and increasing FEV1 in children with mild asthma. In adolescents/adults, ICS-containing regimens outperformed AN-SABA for exacerbation prevention. With varying degrees of heterogeneity, severe exacerbation risk in adolescents/adults might be lower with regular ICS/LABA or AN-ICS/FABA than regular ICS, where AN-ICS/FABA may not be suitable for patients with low FEV1. Additionally, regular ICS use may enhance FEV1 and QoL more than AN-SABA and LTRA.
Evaluating agreement between individual nutrition randomised controlled trials and cohort studies - a meta-epidemiological study
Authors: Stadelmaier Julia , Bantle Gina , Gorenflo Lea , Kiesswetter Eva , Nikolakopoulou Adriani , Schwingshackl Lukas
Published: January 2025

Background

In nutrition research, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies provide complementary evidence. This meta-epidemiological study aims to evaluate the agreement of effect estimates from individual nutrition RCTs and cohort studies investigating a highly similar research question and to investigate determinants of disagreement.

Methods

MEDLINE, Epistemonikos, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from January 2010 to September 2021. We matched individual RCTs to cohort studies based on population, intervention/exposure, comparator, and outcome (PI/ECO) characteristics. Two reviewers independently extracted study characteristics and effect estimates and rated the risk of bias using RoB2 and ROBINS-E. Agreement of matched RCTs/cohort studies was analysed by pooling ratio of risk ratios (RRR) and difference of (standardised) mean differences (DSMD).

Results

We included 64 RCT/cohort study pairs with 4,136,837 participants. Regarding PI/ECO similarity, 20.3% pairs were “more or less identical”, 71.9% “similar but not identical” and 7.8% “broadly similar”. Most RCTs were classified as “low risk of bias” (26.6%) or with “some concerns” (65.6%); cohort studies were mostly rated with “some concerns” (46.6%) or “high risk of bias” (47.9%), driven by inadequate control of important confounding factors. Effect estimates across RCTs and cohort studies were in high agreement (RRR 1.00 (95% CI 0.91–1.10, n = 54); and DSMD − 0.26 (95% CI − 0.87–0.35, n = 7)). In meta-regression analyses exploring determinants of disagreements, risk-of-bias judgements tend to have had more influence on the effect estimate than “PI/ECO similarity” degree.

Conclusions

Effect estimates of nutrition RCTs and cohort studies were generally similar. Careful consideration and evaluation of PI/ECO characteristics and risk of bias is crucial for a trustworthy utilisation of evidence from RCTs and cohort studies.
Green sanctuaries: residential green and garden space and the natural environment mitigate mental disorders risk of diabetic patients
Authors: Xue Erxu , Zhao Jianhui , Ye Jingyu , Wu Jingjie , Chen Dandan , Shao Jing , Li Xue , Ye Zhihong
Published: January 2025

Background

The co-occurrence of diabetes and mental disorders is an exceedingly common comorbidity with poor prognosis. We aim to investigate the impact of green space, garden space, and the natural environment on the risk of mental disorders among the population living with diabetes.

Methods

We performed a longitudinal analysis based on 39,397 participants with diabetes from the UK Biobank. Residential green and garden space modeled from land use data and the natural environment from Land Cover Map were assigned to the residential address for each participant. Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the associations between nature exposures and mental disorders of diabetes. Casual mediation analysis was used to quantify indirect effect of air pollution.

Results

During a mean follow-up of 7.55 years, 4513 incident mental disorders cases were identified, including 2952 depressive disorders and 1209 anxiety disorders. Participants with natural environment at 300 m buffer in the second and third tertiles had 7% (HR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.86–0.99) and 12% (HR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.82–0.94) lower risks of incident mental disorders compared with those in the first tertile, respectively. The risk of mental disorders incidence among diabetes patients will decrease by 13% when exposed to the third tertile of garden space at 300 m buffer. The natural environment and garden space individually prevented 6.65% and 10.18% of mental disorders incidents among diabetes patients. The risk of incident mental disorders was statistically decreased when exposed to the third tertile of green space at 1000 m buffer (HR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.78–0.90). Protective effects of three nature exposures against depressive and anxiety disorders in diabetes patients were also observed. Air pollution, particularly nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and fine particulate matter, significantly contributed to the associations between nature exposures and mental disorders, mediating 48.3%, 29.2%, and 62.4% of the associations, respectively.

Conclusions

Residential green and garden space and the natural environment could mitigate mental disorders risk in diabetes patients, with air pollution playing a vital mediator. This highlights the potential for local governments to enhance the sustainability of such interventions, grounded in public health and urban planning, through strategic planning initiatives.

Graphical Abstract
Association between adolescent obesity and early adulthood healthcare utilization—a two-cohort prospective study
Authors: Hagman Emilia , Halsteinli Vidar , Putri Resthie R. , Hansen Edwards Christina , Waaler Bjørnelv Gudrun , Marcus Claude , Ødegård Rønnaug A.
Published: January 2025

Background

Pediatric obesity is a growing global health challenge, with long-term implications for individuals and healthcare systems. Existing studies on the association between pediatric obesity and healthcare use in adulthood are limited and often rely on mathematical simulation models. This study aims to provide real-world data on the impact of adolescent obesity on specialized healthcare utilization and costs in early adulthood.

Methods

This study analyzed data from two longitudinal cohorts: a population-based cohort from Norway (Young-HUNT) and a clinical cohort from Sweden (BORIS), the latter with matched general population comparators. Individuals included were born between 1987 and 1994, with BMI measurements at ages 13–19, and follow-up data from ages 20 to 30 years. Healthcare utilization and costs were assessed using national patient registries.

Results

A total of 7592 individuals from Norway (5.7% with adolescent obesity) and 1543 individuals from Sweden with adolescent obesity, accompanied with 7330 matched general population comparators, were included. Among females, adolescent obesity was associated with significantly higher specialized healthcare utilization and costs in young adulthood, e.g., in Sweden, females with adolescent obesity had a 57% probability of annual specialized healthcare visits at ages 25–29, compared to 49% among the general population, p < 0.0001. In Norway, a similar pattern was observed. Among males, the association between obesity and healthcare utilization/annual specialized visits was less prominent. Annual excess costs for females with a history of adolescent obesity ranged from €578 to €835, while males showed minimal or no annual excess costs.

Conclusions

Analyses of real-world data cohorts from Norway and Sweden reveal that adolescent obesity is associated with increased healthcare utilization and costs in young adulthood, exceeding previous estimates. A distinct sex difference was evident, with females incurring higher costs compared to males.
Predictors of insecticide-treated nets utilization among children under five years in refugee settlements in Uganda: analysis of the 2018–2019 Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey
Authors: Semakula Henry Musoke , Mugagga Frank
Published: January 2025

Background

Despite significant distribution of insecticide-treated net (ITNs) by the Government of Uganda to refugees, malaria is major cause of mortality and morbidity among children under five years in refugee settlements. This highlights the persistent challenges and complexities surrounding malaria control and prevention efforts in these settings. Studies that focus on the determinants of ITN utilization among children under five years in refugee settlements in Uganda are not available. Using the 2018–2019 Uganda’s Malaria Indicator Survey (UMIS) data, analysis of the individual and household factors associated with utilization of ITN among children under five in refugee settlements of Uganda was conducted.

Methods

This study focused on 589 children under five staying in refugee settlements located in Uganda. The extracted variables from the UMIS included social-economic factors associated with ITN utilization. Descriptive analysis was performed to generate summarized statistics, while inferential statistics by way of bivariate analysis were performed to assess the association between the outcome and the independent variables using the chi-square test, and multivariable logistic regression modelling to assess the magnitude of the associations after controlling for other covariates. All analyses considered the survey sampling design and sampling weights, and are conducted in Stata version 18.

Results

The odds of children sleeping under ITN were higher if their mothers had secondary and higher education (8.1 times) as well as primary education (1.5 times). The odds of children sleeping under ITN reduced by 50% if their mothers were pregnant. Interestingly, the odds of children sleeping under ITN were 70% lower if their mothers knew that ‘not sleeping in nets’ caused malaria. Mothers who were exposed to malaria messages had lower odds of their children sleeping under ITNs.

Conclusions

The results highlight areas of intervention that can increase ITN use in refugee settlements of Uganda. Improving access to education for mothers, providing targeted health education on the importance of ITN, dispelling misconceptions about malaria transmission, facilitating the proper installation of ITNs among others, can all contribute to increased ITN utilization among children under five.
Super-enhancers in tumors: unraveling recent advances in their role in Oncogenesis and the emergence of targeted therapies
Authors: Ji Yumeng , Li Baixue , Lin Rongjin , Yuan Jing , Han Yang , Du Yuping , Zhao Yang
Published: January 2025

Super enhancers are a unique class of enhancers that possess a distinct structure and mechanism, which enable them to exhibit stronger gene transcription regulatory function than classical enhancers, thereby regulating cellular activities. In tumor samples, super enhancers have been identified as crucial players in the development and progression of tumor cells, opening up new avenues for cancer research and treatment. This review provides a concise overview of various models regarding super enhancer assembly and activation, examining the mechanisms through which tumor cells acquire or activate these enhancers and regulate carcinogenic transcription programs. Furthermore, we discuss the current landscape and challenges in developing cancer therapeutic drugs that target super enhancers.
Exercise training partly ameliorates cardiac dysfunction in mice during doxorubicin treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Uurasmaa Tytti-Maria , Bourdin Pauline , Nammas Wail , Latifi Shiva , Liljenbäck Heidi , Saraste Antti , Eskola Olli , Rajander Johan , Roivainen Anne , Rundqvist Helene , Autio Anu , Heinonen Ilkka , Anttila Katja
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat various cancers. Exercise training (ET) can attenuate some cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX) in tumor-free animals. However, the ET effects on cardiac function and glucose metabolism in DOX-treated breast cancer models remain unclear.

Objectives

This study investigated ET-induced structural, functional, vascular, oxidative stress, and plausible glucose uptake alterations of the left ventricle (LV) in a murine breast cancer model during DOX treatment.

Methods

Female FVB/N-mice were divided to tumor-free groups with or without voluntary wheel-running ET and those inoculated subcutaneously with mammary tumor-derived I3TC-cells with or without exercise or DOX treatment (5 mg/kg/week). Mice underwent 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography and echocardiography after two and four DOX-doses. The cardiac histology, oxidative stress, maximal metabolic enzyme activities, and mitochondrial respiration were analyzed.

Results

DOX increased LV glucose uptake (LVGU) and mitochondrial uncoupling and decreased running activity, LV-weight, and ejection fraction (EF). In DOX-treated group ET blunted the increase in LVGU, increased LV-weight and EF, and lowered LV lactate dehydrogenase activity. DOX-treated exercised mice did not differ from tumor-bearing group without DOX in LVGU or from the tumor-free ET-group in LV-weight or EF whereas unexercised DOX-treated group did. ET also increased LV citrate synthase activity in tumor-bearing animals. There was an inverse association between LVGU and EF and LV-weight.

Conclusion

In a murine breast cancer model, voluntary ET moderated DOX-induced cardiotoxicities such as increased LVGU, LV-atrophy and decreased EF. This suggests that ET might benefit patients with cancer undergoing doxorubicin treatment by mitigating cardiotoxicity.
Prevalence and density of Elaphostrongylus rangiferi larvae in faecal samples of semi-domestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Norway 2013-16
Authors: Josefsen Terje Domaas , Mørk Torill , Nymo Ingebjørg Helena , Romano Javier Sanchez , Tryland Morten
Published: January 2025

Background

The reindeer brainworm, Elaphostrongylus rangiferi, is a protostrongylid parasite of reindeer that has caused severe disease outbreaks in reindeer husbandry. E. rangiferi is considered ubiquitous in Norway, though most published prevalence studies are from Finnmark county only. In the present study, faecal samples were collected over three winter seasons (2013–2016) from eight herds of semi-domesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) distributed all over the reindeer herding area in Norway. Baermann’s technique was used to identify E. rangiferi larvae. The density of larvae was measured by counting and calculating number of larvae per gram faeces (LPG) in positive samples.

Results

E. rangiferi larvae were found in 109 of 355 faecal samples (31%). All herds had positive samples at all sampling sessions. Prevalence in adults (> 1.5 years, n = 176) was 43% with significant difference between herds, varying from 25 to 78%. Prevalence in calves (< 1 year, n = 179) was 18%, and varied with sample month, being 10% in Oct-Jan (n = 153) and 69% in Mar-May (n = 26). Prevalence did not show statistically significant difference between males and females. LPG showed a highly skewed distribution, total median LPG being 38, range 2-700. Calves in Mar-May had significantly (P = 0.01) higher number of LPG (median 104) than calves in Oct-Jan (median 14) and adults (median 32). LPG did not differ significantly between males and females nor between herds, but there was a significant moderate positive correlation between herd prevalence and LPG (Spearman rho = 0.35, P < 0.01). Samples from individually marked adult reindeer with known age (n = 81) showed no significant difference in prevalence between young (2–5 years) and old (6–15 years) reindeer. LPG tended to be slightly reduced with age, but the reduction was not statistically significant (P = 0.07). Systematic yearly treatment with ivermectin was done in four herds, but any effect on E. rangiferi prevalence was not clear.

Conclusions

This study confirms that E. rangiferi was ubiquitously present in all parts of the reindeer herding area in Norway during the study period. Differences in prevalence between herds were significant, and LPG in herds increased with increasing herd prevalence.
Distribution and functional significance of KLF15 in mouse cerebellum
Authors: Li Dan , Cao Shuijing , Chen Yanrong , Liu Yueyan , Huo Kugeng , Shi Zhuangqi , Han Shuxin , Wang Liecheng
Published: January 2025

Kruppel-like factor 15 (KLF15), a member of the KLF family, is closely involved in many biological processes. However, the mechanism by which KLF15 regulates neural development is still unclear. Considering the complexity and importance of neural network development, in this study, we investigated the potent regulatory role of KLF15 in neural network development. KLF15 was detected highly expressed in the cerebellum and enriched in Purkinje cells, with a significant increase in KLF15 expression between 15 and 20 days of neural development. Knockdown of KLF15 led to loss of Purkinje cells and impaired motility in mice. Therefore, our study aims to elucidate the relationship between KLF15 and Purkinje cells in mice, may provide a new research idea for the developmental mechanism of the mouse cerebellum.
An unveiling case of Nocardia pansinusitis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a case report
Authors: Najafizadeh Maedeh , Kourkinejad Gharaei Fatemeh , Manouchehri Ardekani Reza , Rafiyan Mahdi
Published: January 2025

Background

Nocardia infections are rare infections in immunocompetent patients and occur mostly in immunocompromised individuals. Usually, nocardia affects skin, brain, and lungs, but in disseminated forms, which occurred mostly in immunocompromised patients, it can involve every organ. Nocardia sinusitis is extremely rare as our searches returned only a very few related studies.

Case presentation

In this case report, we present, for the first time, a 55-year-old Iranian male patient diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who was receiving chemotherapeutic drugs and developed a fever. Further laboratory tests and imaging revealed pansinusitis. Following rhinoendoscopy, the sinus mucosal biopsy pathology report showed sever inflammation accompanied by aggregation of filamentous thin-walled bacteria. The patient was treated with co-trimoxazole and meropenem. Following good clinical improvement the patient was discharged and advised to continue oral co-trimoxazole for 3 months.

Conclusion

This case highlights that patients with febrile neutropenia should be assessed for rare infectious disease etiologies, especially those with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, as they have humeral immunodeficiency, and in the later stages of the disease, cellular immunodeficiency may also be involved. Therefore, a multisystem evaluation of patients with febrile neutropenia is necessary, particulary when no obvious source is identified in initial surveys, to uncover rare etiologies.
Rapid fabrication and dissolution of pressed 58Ni/Mg matrix targets for 55Co production
Authors: Siikanen Jonathan , Milton Stefan , Bratteby Klas , Lin Wilson , Engle Jonathan W. , Jussing Emma , Tran Thuy A.
Published: January 2025

Background

Beyond the use of conventional short-lived PET radionuclides, there is a growing interest in tracking larger biomolecules and exploring radiotheranostic applications. One promising option for imaging medium-sized molecules and peptides is ⁵⁵Co (T₁/₂ = 17.5 h, β⁺ = 76%), which enables imaging of new and already established tracers with blood circulation of several hours. Additionally, ⁵⁵Co can be paired with the Auger-Meitner emitter 58mCo (T₁/₂ = 9 h, 100% IC) for radiotheranostic applications. Here we report on 55Co production via the 58Ni(p,α)55Co reaction channel using pressed 58Ni and Mg matrix targets.

Results

This set up is capable to produce and isolate 240 ± 20 MBq [55Co]Co+ 2 (80% RCY) with 4 ml 0.25 M HEPES at 35 min post End Of Bombardment for 3 h, 25 µA protons irradiation. The RNP of the eluate is 99.98 ± 0.014% as measured 2 h & 17 h post EOB. AMA was determined to 1.5 ± 0.5 GBq/µmol [55Co]Co-DOTA at EOB. Mg dissolves rapidly in the acid mixture, leaving behind a porous, sponge-like Ni matrix increasing the surface area of the Ni and therefore accelerating the dissolution.

Conclusion

We present a novel, simple, and rapid method to produce ⁵⁵Co with pressed ⁵⁸Ni/Mg matrix targets enabling faster target fabrication and dissolution. By using a simple hydraulic press, mechanically stable target coins useful for solid target irradiation are fabricated within 5 min and can be dissolved in 10 min at room temperature. The foils remain intact after irradiation and can endure irradiation conditions providing sufficient activity (> 200 MBq) for clinical doses. The method presented here using Mg as a support metal for fixation of the actual target material into target coins is applicable for other target combinations as well. Using Mg as a support metal is suitable due to its thermal conductivity, low activation, minimal impact on purification chemistry, softness, ductility, and rapid dissolution in acid.
The difficult diagnosis of floor of the mouth masses: a case report
Authors: De Ferm Alexe , Van Boven Bart , Cornelis Maaike , Jacobs Rafael
Published: January 2025

Background

Lymphatic malformations can present as a floor of the mouth mass, they are rare vascular lesions, presenting most frequently in the head and neck region and mostly presenting at birth or before 2 years of age. Clinical and diagnostic findings can make the differential diagnosis with other floor of the mouth masses, such as ranulas, difficult.

Case presentation

We present a case of a 7-year-old girl with a sudden swelling in the floor of the mouth without infectious characteristics. Clinically and after imaging, the swelling was most compatible with a ranula. After sublingual sialadenectomy, recurrence of the swelling occurred. Multiple evacuating punctures were needed for symptomatic relief. Given the clinical evolution and new imaging, diagnosis of a lymphatic malformation became more likely. Sclerotherapy was performed with size stabilization.

Conclusion

Floor of the mouth masses comprise a group of different pathologies with different presentations, diagnostic findings and treatment. Differential diagnosis can be challenging. This case report presents an overview of the presentation and management of floor of the mouth masses, focused on lymphatic malformations, with characteristics distinguishing them from other pathologies such as ranulas.
Future Directions in the Management of Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Authors: Sarafoglou Kyriakie , Auchus Richard J
Published: January 2025

Context

The traditional management of classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) is difficult and often suboptimal.

Objective

To review improvements in the diagnosis and management of 21OHD.

Design

Literature review, synthesis, and authors’ experience.

Setting

United States (2 centers).

Participants

Not applicable.

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcomes

Not applicable.

Results

The 11-oxygenated androgens are abundant in 21OHD, and their measurement might improve diagnosis and medication titration. Several new treatments are under development.

Conclusion

Circadian delivery of hydrocortisone improves disease management of 21OHD compared to conventional glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoid-sparing therapies such as crinecerfont and atumelnant offer the potential for a block-and-replace strategy, with physiologic replacement dosing of hydrocortisone.

Clinical Trial Registration

None.
Approach to the Patient: Diagnostic Challenges in the Workup for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Joham Anju E , Tay Chau Thien , Laven Joop , Louwers Yvonne V , Azziz Ricardo
Published: January 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 10% to 13% of women globally. It is a condition with metabolic, reproductive, and psychological features, with health impacts across the lifespan. The etiology of PCOS is complex, with an interplay of several factors, including genetic and epigenetic susceptibility, androgen exposure in early life and adiposity-related dysfunction leading to hypothalamic-ovarian disturbance. Diagnosis is recommended based on the International PCOS Guideline criteria, with diagnosis confirmed in adults when 2 of out the following 3 criteria are met: (i) hyperandrogenism (clinical or biochemical); (ii) irregular cycles; and (iii) polycystic ovary morphology or elevated anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. With its clinical heterogeneity, distinct phenotypes, variation across the lifespan and ethnic variation, PCOS diagnosis can present significant diagnostic challenges to clinicians.
Η μουσική παράδοση της Κρήτης μέσα από τη συλλογή του Παύλου Βλαστού (1836-1926)
Authors: Γιακουμάκης Ανδρέας
Published: January 2025

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή έχει ως αντικείμενο τη μελέτη της μουσικής παράδοσης της Κρήτης μέσα από τη Συλλογή Παύλου Βλαστού, του Ρεθυμνίου (1836-1926). Αυτή βρίσκεται στο Ιστορικό Αρχείο Κρήτης (Χανιά). Περιλαμβάνει 126 τόμους (94 χειρόγραφοι -70.000 σελίδες). Σκοπός της έρευνας είναι πρωτίστως να ερευνηθεί η Κρητική Μουσική παράδοση εντός συγκεκριμένων ιστορικών συγκυριών, την περίοδο της Τουρκοκρατίας. Τότε έδρασε ο Παύλος Βλαστός, ο οποίος αφιέρωσε το βίο του στην αφύπνιση των Κρητών, μέσω της Συλλογής του, καθότι διακαής πόθος του ήταν η απελευθέρωση της νήσος και η ένωσή της με την Ελλάδα. Παράλληλα, η έρευνα αποσκοπεί στην ανάδειξη της προσωπικότητας και του έργου του. Ως άνθρωπος του καιρού του, εγγράμματος, μουσικά καταρτισμένος, κατέγραψε εκ των έσω και εν επιγνώσει τη βιωμένη λαϊκή παράδοση του τόπου του. Κατέλιπε έτσι πλήθος μουσικών καταγραφών σε βυζαντινή παρασημαντική των «λαϊκών ασμάτων των Κρητών», στο μεταίχμιο των πρώτων ηχογραφήσεων του 20ου αιώνα. Προς τούτο, η μεθοδολογία της έρευνας της Συλλογής ακολούθησε την παρακάτω πορεία: Αρχικά δημιουργήθηκε συνοπτικός πίνακας των χειρογράφων Π. Βλαστού, ώστε να υπάρχει συνολική εποπτεία. Ακολούθησε ο εντοπισμός του προς έρευνα υλικού, κυρίως των δημοτών ασμάτων. Επελέγησαν οι ύστερες καταγραφές του Συλλογέα και έγινε χωρισμός σε μέτρα και αποκωδικοποίηση της σημειογραφίας του. Όλα τα άσματα μεταγράφηκαν στη Βυζαντινή και Ευρωπαϊκή σημειογραφία. Τέλος έγιναν μουσικές και μορφολογικές παρατηρήσεις σε 14 Ενότητες δημωδών ασμάτων. Προέκυψαν έτσι συμπεράσματα που αφορούν κυρίως την διαχρονικότητα της Κρητικής Μουσικής παράδοσης. Αποδείχτηκε ότι παραμένει ανελικτή στο χρόνο, κατορθώνοντας πάντοτε να ενσωματώνει και να μετασχηματίζει μουσικές επιρροές (βλ. τσάμικος ρυθμός, καλαματιανός, αστικά τραγούδια κ.α.). Ενώ διαπιστώθηκε η ύπαρξη άγνωστων σήμερα μελωδιών. Η παρούσα εργασία δίνει τέλος τη δυνατότητα σε ερευνητές να εντρυφήσουν στο πολυποίκιλο λαογραφικό υλικό της Συλλογής, ώστε να εξαχθούν συμπεράσματα για την εν γένει πολιτιστική κληρονομιά της Κρήτης.
Disclosure of Information on Business Continuity and Significant Uncertainties in Accounting (Financial) Statements
Authors: Krishtaleva Taisiya
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the importance of disclosing information about business continuity in the reporting of business entities. Additional disclosures about significant uncertainties and business continuity will allow investors to better understand the business’s exposure to solvency and liquidity risks and management’s plans to overcome them.
Big Data Analytics for Dynamic Planning and Inventory Management
Authors: Boldycheva A.
Published: January 2025

This article discusses the application of digital technologies in dynamic planning, including big data analytics, the Internet of Things, predictive analytics, recurrence relations, and step-by-step sub-task solving, memorization and analysis of results. The use of big data allows companies to quickly review and adjust inventory levels, anticipating risks and adapting to changes in demand or supply, forecasting demand more accurately and optimizing supply chains. Also, a brief overview of dynamic planning platforms and tools that assist in implementing flexible inventory management strategies is presented. Special attention is paid to the prospects and trends of digital technologies in this area, including the introduction of the Internet of Things (IoT), digital twins and other innovations. The article also analyses the main problems arising in the implementation of dynamic planning in enterprise management and suggests ways to solve them.
Does it take the joints to stretch a mind? The ADHD and General Joint Hypermobility connection
Authors: Kacperczyk Julia , Czyż Witold , Wójcikiewicz Michalina , Arczewski Filip , Dziedzic Karol , Kulbacka Julia , Wojszczyk Maciej , Zys Damian , Pasek Piotr , Ryniecka Julia
Published: January 2025

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, or both, which negatively affect the quality of life for children and adults worldwide. ADHD is known to cause significant psychosocial distress, including academic failure, divorce, unemployment, and incarceration, and increases the risk of developing psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. 
While its cognitive and psychological impacts are yet well-documented, the implications of ADHD for physical health have only recently begun to receive increasing attention. Some of the known non-psychiatric health challenges associated with ADHD include obesity, autonomic dysregulation, musculoskeletal symptoms and joint hypermobility. 
This paper investigates recently discovered links between ADHD and symptoms of joint hypermobility, and focuses on the prevalence of generalized joint hypermobility, as well as ADHD comorbidity in connective tissue-related conditions, such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorder.
II Congreso Internacional de Hermandades y Piedad Popular. Comunicaciones
Authors: Palma Ramírez Manuel , Peña Fernández Joaquín de la , Rodríguez Babío Amparo , Ruiz Sánchez José-Leonardo , Sivianes Ferrera de Castro Lourdes
Published: January 2025

El libro es un compendio de las actas del II Congreso Internacional de Piedad Popular y Hermandades, celebrado en Sevilla del 3 al 8 de diciembre de 2024. Reúne diversas comunicaciones que abordan la relevancia de las hermandades y cofradías en el contexto contemporáneo, explorando su impacto en la vida religiosa, social y cultural. Se destaca la necesidad de un enfoque multidisciplinario para entender la piedad popular, integrando perspectivas de teología, antropología, historia, sociología y arte. Las contribuciones de académicos y especialistas reflejan un esfuerzo conjunto por profundizar en el papel pastoral de estas instituciones, resaltando su potencial para la renovación espiritual de la Iglesia. El libro busca ser una herramienta académica y un recurso de reflexión para quienes participan en la vida de las hermandades, celebrando su vitalidad y promoviendo un mayor estudio y desarrollo de estas tradiciones.
Nomofobia y rendimiento académic.: prevalencia y correlación en los jóvenes.
Authors: Rodríguez-García Antonio-Manuel , García-Carmona Marina , Marín-Marín José-Antonio , Moreno-Guerrero Antonio-José
Published: January 2025

El uso continuo e inadecuado del smartphone puede provocar problemas de adicción y dependencia que pueden
desencadenar otras dificultades como el miedo irracional a no tener el teléfono disponible, así como las posibilidades que
nos ofrece en cualquier momento. Este es el caso de la nomofobia (no-mobile-phobia). El objetivo de esta investigación
es analizar la prevalencia de la nomofobia en jóvenes de entre 12 y 20 años, así como determinar la relación entre todas
las variables que identifican los niveles de nomofobia, y corroborar la incidencia del rendimiento académico en la mayor
o menor prevalencia de este problema. Para ello se lleva a cabo una investigación cuantitativa en la que se utiliza el
cuestionario estandarizado NMP-Q. La muestra está compuesta por un total de 1.630 estudiantes de distintas etapas
educativas. Los resultados determinan que la imposibilidad de contactar y ser contactado son las variables en las que se
ha observado una mayor prevalencia de esta fobia entre la población estudiada. Además, los estudiantes que afirman
que su rendimiento académico es menor debido al uso excesivo de su teléfono inteligente muestran mayor ansiedad,
nerviosismo, malestar, miedo o molestias al no poder hacer uso inmediato de su teléfono y de sus diferentes posibilidades.
Relación entre Educación para la Ciudadanía y Educación Ambiental en el currículo de Educación Infantil.
Authors: Nieto-Ramos Marina , Puig-Gutiérrez María , Rodríguez-Marín Fátima
Published: January 2025

La gran preocupación actual por formar desde la escuela a ciudadanos críticos, capaces de dar respuesta a los conflictos
socioambientales contemporáneos nos lleva a presentar los resultados obtenidos en una investigación que analiza la
normativa educativa estatal de la Etapa de Educación Infantil. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, se ha realizado un análisis
lexicométrico y un análisis de contenido. El análisis lexicométrico revela cierta paridad en la aparición de términos relativos
a la Educación para la Ciudadanía y la Educación Ambiental, aunque los conceptos más relacionados con la Educación
para la Ciudadanía están ligeramente más representados. Por su parte, el análisis de contenido permite destacar un alto
grado de integración de ambas disciplinas, aunque no se consigue una conceptualización de la Educación para la
Ciudadanía de forma global y crítica, en la cual la Educación Ambiental se entienda integrada y se aborde desde una
perspectiva sistémica. Estos resultados subrayan la necesidad de seguir trabajando para integrar ambas áreas desde
una perspectiva crítica y global, para lo que es imprescindible la construcción de un currículo integrado estructurado en
base a problemas socioambientales relevantes.
Sampling-Based Approximation for Series Inventory Systems
Authors: Zhang Kairen , Gao Xiangyu , Wang Zhanyue , Zhou Sean X.
Published: January 2025

We study inventory management of an infinite-horizon, series system with multiple stages. Each stage orders from its immediate upstream stage, and the most upstream stage orders from an external supplier. Random demand with unknown distribution occurs at the most downstream stage. Each stage incurs inventory holding cost while the most downstream stage also incurs demand backlogging cost when it experiences inventory shortage. The objective is to minimize the expected total discounted cost over the planning horizon. We apply the sample average approximation (SAA) method to obtain a heuristic policy (SAA policy) using the empirical distribution function constructed from a demand sample (of the underlying demand distribution). We derive an upper bound of sample size (viz., distribution-free bound) that guarantees that the performance of the SAA policy be close (i.e., with arbitrarily small relative error) to the optimal policy under known demand distribution with high probability. This result is obtained by first deriving a separable and tight cost upper bound of the whole system that depends on (given) echelon base-stock levels and then showing that the cost difference between the SAA and optimal policies can be measured by the distance between the empirical and the underlying demand distribution functions. We also provide a lower bound of sample size that matches the upper bound (in the order of relative error). Furthermore, when the demand distribution is continuous and has an increasing failure rate (IFR), we derive a tighter sample size upper bound (viz., distribution-dependent bound). Both distribution-free and distribution-dependent bounds for the newsvendor problem, a special case of our series system, improve the previous results. In addition, we show that both bounds increase polynomially as the number of stages increases. The performance of SAA policy and the sample size bounds are illustrated numerically. Finally, we extend the results to finite-horizon series systems.

This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, operations management.

Funding: K. Zhang is partially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China [Grants 71901200 and 72471220]. X. Gao is partially supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council General Research Fund [Grant CUHK-14506620]. Z. Wang is partially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China [Grant 72401146]. S. X. Zhou is partially supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council General Research Fund [Grant CUHK-14500921], the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72394395], and the Asian Institute of Supply Chains and Logistics.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01876 .
Asymptotically Optimal Competitive Ratio for Online Allocation of Reusable Resources
Authors: Goyal Vineet , Iyengar Garud , Udwani Rajan
Published: January 2025

Online Allocation of Reusable Resources: New Algorithms and Analytical Tools

In the paper “Asymptotically Optimal Competitive Ratio for Online Allocation of Reusable Resources,” the authors develop novel algorithms and analysis techniques for online allocation of reusable resources. Their approach leads to an algorithm with the highest possible competitive ratio, a result that was previously out of reach with the algorithms and techniques that are used in classic settings in which resources are nonreusable. More generally, their LP-free analysis approach is useful for analyzing the performance of online algorithms for various other settings in which the standard primal-dual approach fails.
The Effects of a Temple-Based Self-Compassion Meditation Program for Middle-Aged Women: Focusing on Self-Compassion, Life Satisfaction, and Existential Well-being
Authors: Kim Hyunjin
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of a self-compassion meditation program for middle-aged women. The research questions of this study are as follows. First, does the self-compassion meditation program affect the self-compassion of middle-aged women? Second, does the self-compassion meditation program affect the life satisfaction of middle-aged women? Third, does the self-compassion meditation program affect the existential well-being of middle-aged women? To address these questions, a self-compassion meditation program was conducted with middle-aged women, and pre- and post-surveys were conducted using the Self-Compassion Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, and Existential Well-being Scale. The results were analyzed using frequency analysis, independent samples t-test, and paired samples t-test. The findings of the study are as follows. First, participation in the self-compassion meditation program showed a statistically significant mean difference in mindfulness, a subfactor of self-compassion. Self-kindness showed a statistically significant increase in the mean after participation compared to before participation. Second, participation in the self-compassion meditation program showed a statistically significant mean difference in positive affect, a subfactor of life satisfaction. Third, there was no statistically significant mean difference in existential well-being following participation in the self-compassion meditation program. The significance of this study lies in demonstrating the effects of Buddhist meditation interventions based on temple practices for improving the quality of life of middle-aged women.
A Study on the Experience of Participating in a Temple Stay-based Smoking Cessation Meditation Program: Focusing on Smoking Addiction
Authors: Shon Kangsuk
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to qualitatively confirm the experience of participating in a temple stay-based smoking cessation meditation program. The research questions of this study are as follows. First, what motivated you to participate in the temple stay-based smoking cessation meditation program? Second, what helped this temple (Guryongsa) in quitting smoking? Third, how did meditation help in quitting smoking? For this purpose, a temple stay-based smoking cessation meditation program was conducted on 23 smokers, data was collected using written questionnaires, and the collected results were analyzed using CQR-M (Consensual Qualitative Research-Modified). As a result of examining the unique characteristics of the temple stay-based smoking cessation meditation program and analyzing the experiences of participants to provide a differentiated smoking cessation meditation program, 19 categories were derived in 8 areas. Second, as a result of examining the areas in which the temple (Guryongsa Temple) helped people quit smoking, two sub-areas were identified: ‘the fact that the program was conducted in a special place called a ‘temple’’ and ‘the advantages of a ‘temple’-based program’. Third, as a result of examining the areas where meditation helped to quit smoking, two sub-areas were derived: ‘Meditation itself helped to quit smoking’ and ‘How ‘breathing’ helped to quit smoking’. The significance of this study is that by conducting a program in a ‘temple’, it presented a new approach to solving addiction by presenting meditation, a Buddhist practice, in the physical space of the temple and the internal space of the mind.
Suicide, another face of desire
Authors: Ji Miryong , Lee Pilwon
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the nature and causes of suicide from a Buddhist perspective, focusing on the aspect of desire rather than viewing it as a sin.
Methods: The study examines Buddhist texts and interpretations, particularly focusing on the relationship between suicide and vibhava-taṇhā (craving for non-existence), while analyzing various cases of suicide mentioned in Buddhist literature.
Results: The research identifies three distinct forms of suicide in Buddhism: elimination of defilements through realization of non-self, suicide based on self-loathing and wrong view, and suicide as a means to overcome suffering and fulfill desires. The study particularly emphasizes the relationship between vibhava-taṇhā and suicidal tendencies.
Conclusion: Suicide in Buddhism is understood not merely as self-destruction but as another manifestation of desire, specifically related to the craving for non-existence. This understanding provides a unique perspective for comprehending and addressing suicide in contemporary society.