bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation: Advancements, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Islam Dr. Amina
Published: September 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the diagnosis and treatment of Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG), a group of over 130 rare genetic conditions affecting glycosylation, a critical biological process. This paper explores the advancements AI has brought to CDG diagnosis and treatment, highlighting how AI tools, such as PredictSNP, REVEL, and Face2Gene, enhance diagnostic accuracy, facilitate early detection, and provide new insights into disease mechanisms. AI's role in predicting glycosylation sites, identifying Golgi proteins, and classifying disease phenotypes is examined, along with its potential for repurposing drugs to treat CDG. Despite these advancements, challenges like data quality, model interpretability, and ethical concerns remain. The paper emphasizes the need for data integration, ethical frameworks, and interdisciplinary collaboration to fully harness AI's potential in managing CDG and other rare genetic disorders.
IAEA World Fusion Outlook 2024
Authors:   International Atomic Energy Agency
Published: September 2024

The IAEA’s World Fusion Outlook aims to be the global reference for authoritative information and updates on fusion energy—a potentially unlimited, low carbon source of clean energy, which can contribute to decarbonization and diversification of energy generation in the long term. The IAEA has been promoting fusion energy research and development for over 60 years, and it continues to strongly support research and development and future deployment by bringing the fusion community together to create solutions for both scientific and technological challenges. This second issue of the publication outlines achievements in fusion energy, features fusion plant concepts under development and their timelines, policy frameworks, and trends in both public and private investment. It also covers research output metrics and offers regional and sectoral outlooks.
Strategic Management Practices and Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Cherono Emma , Njeru Agnes
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to assess the relationship of strategic management practices and the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nairobi County, Kenya. The research was motivated by the significant role that SMEs play in economic development, particularly in reducing unemployment and contributing to the GDP. However, SMEs often face challenges such as limited resources, inadequate technology adoption, and poor strategic planning, which hinder their competitiveness. The study adopted a quantitative approach, targeting 250 top-ranked SMEs in Nairobi. Data collection was conducted using structured questionnaires, focusing on the four strategic management practices: strategy formulation, strategy implementation, strategy evaluation, and strategic control. The results of the study revealed that all the strategic management practices examined had a positive and significant effect on the performance of SMEs. Specifically, strategy formulation had the highest impact, followed by strategic control, strategy implementation, and strategy evaluation. The findings indicated that SMEs in Nairobi County that adopted comprehensive strategic management practices were more likely to experience improved business performance. The study also confirmed the importance of involving all levels of staff in the strategic management process, as it fosters a sense of ownership and facilitates successful implementation. Furthermore, the research demonstrated that superior strategies positively contribute to organizational performance. Based on these findings, the study concluded that strategic management practices are crucial for the growth and competitiveness of SMEs. It recommended that SME managers focus on developing and implementing superior strategies through detailed situational analysis and participatory mechanisms. Additionally, continuous evaluation of strategies was advised to ensure sustained performance improvements. This research contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the specific role of strategic management in enhancing SME performance, particularly in the context of developing economies like Kenya
DIAGNÓSTICO MOLECULAR POR REAÇÃO EM CADEIA DA POLIMERASE PARA O GENE DO CÂNCER DE MAMA TRIPLO-NEGATIVO. UMA REVISÃO DE ESCOPO.
Authors: Santana Camilly Maria Guedes , Lins Maria Eduarda De Melo , Santos Filho Moezio de Vasconcellos Costa , Souza Gustavo Reis Branco de
Published: September 2024

O câncer de mama é uma das apresentações neoplásicas mais comuns entre as mulheres, atingindo principalmente as de classe social mais elevada, porém tendo maior mortalidade nas pacientes de estratos socioeconômicos mais baixos. Dentre as formas de apresentação dessa neoplasia, o triplo-negativo é uma das variações com pior prognóstico e maior recidiva. A atual revisão de escopo buscou evidenciar os fatores que contribuem para o diagnóstico diferencial do câncer de mama triplo-negativo por meio da técnica molecular de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Para isso, uma busca nas bases de dados Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science e Cochrane Library foi realizada com base na questão norteadora “Qual o papel da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase para o diagnóstico molecular precoce do câncer de mama triplo-negativo?”. Oito artigos foram incluídos em nossa pesquisa o qual destacava a presença de VEGFA, SRC, PARP1, PTK2, RAF1, FGR3, KRAS, AZGP1, KRT19 e PIGR como principais genes envolvidos no diagnóstico diferencial desse subtipo cancerígeno. A PCR é uma técnica rápida e pouco invasiva que contribui para o acompanhamento e diagnóstico do câncer de mama triplo-negativo. Novas pesquisas devem estabelecer níveis específicos para padronização do exame com foco principalmente nos genes VEGFA, KRAS, AZGP1, KRT19 e PIGR.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO DE ZINCO NOS EFEITOS DA TOXINA BOTULÍNICA
Authors: Souza Giselle
Published: September 2024

Os procedimentos estéticos faciais e corporais tornaram-se bastante comuns entre as áreas de prestação de serviços à saúde e estética. Um dos procedimentos mais solicitados é o tratamento com Toxina Botulínica tipo A, que atua na redução da contração dos músculos, evitando hiperatividade indesejada. Como seu efeito é temporário e seu custo elevado, há uma busca para proporcionar efeitos terapêuticos mais duradouros e assim reduzir o número de sessões de aplicação da toxina. Como a toxina botulínica é uma endopeptidase dependente de zinco, há uma proposta terapêutica atualmente para o aumento da duração do seu efeito através da suplementação oral de zinco. Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência do zinco nos efeitos da toxina botulínica a partir das pesquisas já existentes, esclarecendo se o zinco pode realmente ser considerado uma alternativa para prolongar os efeitos da toxina botulínica. Para isso, foi realizada uma busca sistemática nas bibliotecas virtuais PubMed, Cochrane Library e BVS utilizando os descritores: “Toxinas Botulínicas” e “Zinco”, livre para os quesitos idioma e ano de publicação, possuindo texto completo e necessariamente abordando os dois descritores. Estudos mostraram que a inibição do zinco do seu local de ligação resulta na perda da atividade catalítica da toxina botulínica, que possui especificidade de substrato rigorosa, como também a sua presença contribui diretamente para a ação paralítica da toxina. A suplementação oral de zinco demonstra benefícios para fisiologia do organismo, e sua toxicidade por altas doses é rara. Os ensaios clínicos e análises encontrados apontam uma duração maior do bloqueio muscular com a suplementação do zinco e fitase. Conclui-se, portanto, que a suplementação de zinco deve ser considerada, pois já é aplicada em diversos contextos estéticos, e já existem estudos vigentes sobre sua atuação junto a toxina botulínica para aumentar sua duração e reduzir a necessidade de reaplicação.
The effect of kahoot application towards students’ reading comprehension at the Eleventh Grade of SMAN 1 Cijaku Lebak Banten in Academic Year 2023/2024
Authors: Adawiah Siti Robeah , Rohimajaya Nur Azmi , Riandi
Published: September 2024

This research paper aims to investigate the effect of kahoot Application towards students’ Reading Comprehension at the Eleventh Grade of SMAN 1 Cijaku Lebak Banten in Academic Year 2023/2024. The method used in this research was quantitative method. The design of this research was quasi-experimental design and cluster random sampling: the researcher has chosen two classes are a control class and an experimental class. The technique in choosing the sample is cluster random sampling; the researcher used XI IPS 1 (31 students) as class control and XI IPA 2 (36 students) as class experimental. The experimental group was taught recount text in Reading comprehension used kahoot application, whereas the control group was taught used wordwall. In analyzing the data, the researcher used Independent sample t-test by SPSS 25.0 statistical computation to analyze the hypotheses test. The researcher has found the result t-count (1.727) and Significant two-tailed = 0.044 < α 0.05. From these data could be interpreted that there is a significant difference between the two groups in obtaining scores, because the result is a significance value of less than 0.05, which means Ha is accepted. According to the criteria of the test, it could be concluded that there was progress in the effect of kahoot Application towards students’ Reading Comprehension at the Eleventh Grade of SMAN 1 Cijaku Lebak Banten.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques in Patient Groups Aged under and over 65 Years and Diagnosed with Ischemic Stroke in the Emergency Department
Authors: Çelik Kamuran , Uygun Erman , Elumar Funda
Published: September 2024

Objectives: Stroke is a condition with high morbidity and mortality. This study aims to investigate whether the effectiveness of Computed Tomography (CT) and diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), the techniques that have a significant place in the diagnosis of ischemic stroke, the most common form of stroke, are affected by the physiological changes of advanced age.
Methods: A total of 436 patients were included in the study. The study population was divided into two groups depending on age: those above 65 and those under 65. Medical files, both the emergency department and clinical ward files, of the patients who were admitted to the emergency department in nine months and admitted to the neurology clinic with the diagnosis of ischemic stroke were retrospectively analyzed. The time from admission to imaging was determined depending on patient files and the Hospital Management Information System (HBYS). The CT and MRI reports interpreted by radiologists were also reviewed. While recording the data, the presence of a lesion, its direction, and localization were also noted.
Results: CT positivity was 21.3%, and the positivity of diffusion-weighted imaging was 82.1% in the study population. The time was shorter in the group of patients with positive CT results than in the group with negative CT results. In subjects under 65, the time between onset and imaging was shorter in the group with positive CT results than in the group with negative CT results. In subjects over 65, the time with positive CT results was not different from the group with negative CT results. It was determined that the mean time was shorter in the group with positive MRI results than in the group with negative results. In both the groups under the age of 65 and over the age of 65, the time interval was shorter in the patients with positive MRI results compared to those with negative MRI results.
Conclusions: Regardless of the positivity or negativity of CT and MRI results, the mean time from symptom onset to imaging was shorter in the group under 65 years of age compared to the group over 65 years. Aging prolongs the time to admission and the neuroradiological response of geriatric patients.
Patterns of Substance Abuse Among Young Males in Hargeisa of Somaliland: A Mixed-Method Exploration
Authors: Omer Aden Mohamed , BakiBillah Abul Hasan , Khandkar Salamat
Published: September 2024

This mixed method study was designed to explore substance abuse in Hargeisa. Total 300 participants were interviewed for quantitative data and 50 respondents were in-depth interviewed for qualitative data. The findings indicate that Khat is the most commonly used substance at a rate of 45%. Moreover, 48% of respondents reported using other drugs such as tobacco, prescription medications (e.g., opioids, benzodiazepines), stimulants like Adderall or Ritalin, and cocaine. Furthermore, participants aged between 19-21 years old constituted 41% of the sample. This age group present a distinct characteristic indicating variations in substance preferences. Respondents of non-formal education group (43%) showed higher contribution to substance abuse compared to those with high school education (39%), whereas university level individuals accounted for only 18%. This study also found a higher percent of substance abuse among unemployed group suggesting a potential correlation between joblessness and substance misuse. In-depth interview reveals that participants' perspectives were shaped by various cultural influences, including views on masculinity and societal norms. Recognizing this diversity is crucial for tailored interventions. Additionally, participants emphasized both the advantages and disadvantages of substance use. Some regarded substances as a way to reduce stress, boredom, or social anxiety during difficult times such as economic crisis, political instability and wide range of unemployment. However, they also acknowledged significant drawbacks such as adverse health effects, financial troubles, and strained relationships.
Investigating the Effectiveness of an Intervention Protocol Based on Grounded Theory on the Quality of Life and Worry of Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Ghorbani Ashin Yasaman , Seirafi Mohammadreza , Abolmaali Alhosseini Khadijeh , Ahadi Morvarid
Published: September 2024

The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an intervention protocol based on grounded theory on the quality of life and worry of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The research method of the present study was mixed-methods, implemented in an exploratory design with a two-phase sequential strategy. The qualitative part of the research, considering its grounded theory basis, was phenomenological based on the Strauss and Corbin (1997) theory. The quantitative part employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design and a 2-month follow-up phase. The qualitative study population included books, articles, and theses in the field of IBS patients, and IBS patients visiting the Rāh-e Ehyā Psychiatry Clinic, Shahid Tajrish Hospital, and Behboud Gastroenterology Clinic in Tehran during the fall and winter of 2022. The quantitative study population consisted of all IBS patients visiting the Rāh-e Ehyā Psychiatry Clinic, Shahid Tajrish Hospital, and Behboud Gastroenterology Clinic in Tehran during the fall and winter of 2022. In the quantitative part, 28 IBS patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either the control or experimental groups. Worry was measured using the Penn State Worry Scale. After eight intervention sessions, the research data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and SPSS software, with a significance level of 0.05. The interaction effect of group×time for the components of physical health (η² = 0.157, P = 0.017, F = 4.85), psychological health (η² = 0.302, P = 0.001, F = 11.27), social health (η² = 0.234, P = 0.001, F = 7.96), and total quality of life score (η² = 0.362, P = 0.001, F = 14.72) was significant. Additionally, the effect of the independent variable on worry (η² = 0.352, P = 0.001, F = 14.15) was significant. The results indicated that the intervention protocol designed based on grounded theory is effective in improving the quality of life and reducing worry in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
Development of Digital Biology Book on Antioxidant Activity of Red Dragon Fruit Extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) for Class XI High School Students
Authors: Sataroh Sindy , Febrianti Novi
Published: September 2024

With technological advances, digital-based learning resources are needed that can be studied by students independently. The results of the research can be used as a learning resource, one of which is in the form of a digital book. This study aims to determine the quality and feasibility of digital books compiled as learning resources. The type of research is research and development (R&D) which refers to the 4D development model (Define, Design, Development and Disseminate). Data collection techniques with instruments in the form of expert assessment questionnaires and response questionnaires. The research subjects consisted of material experts, media experts, biology teachers and 37 students of SMA N 1 Koba class XI. Product data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively to determine the quality and feasibility of the compiled digital book. The results of research and development (R&D) obtained a Digital Book product for high school students class XI bioprocess material. Product assessment by material experts 88.64% (very good), media experts 86.11% (very good), biology teacher experts 100% (very good). The results of the small-scale test of students were 94.29% (very good) and the large-scale test was 98% (very good). Results Based on this research, digital books are appropriate to be used as a learning resource for class XI cell bioprocess materials.
PERSONAL SECURITY OF EDUCATORS AND TEACHERS. CASE STUDY OF BLESSED NATALIA TUŁASIEWICZ
Authors: Grabińska Teresa
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: Aim: The figure of Blessed Natalia Tułasiewicz appears as a person who increases her own power in upbringing and teaching, despite extremely difficult external conditions. Methods: On the basis of the notes, letters and testimonies left behind, subsequent layers of personal safety are reconstructed: ontic-cultural, psychological-social and instrumental-defense. Results: It turns out that the efficacy power of Natalia's influence on the environment increased in proportion to the development of the instrumental and defensive layer of her personal safety, in the feedback between its three layers. Conclusion: The extremely difficult experience of war, prison and concetration camp reality did not overcome the strength of Natalia's religiously shaped spirituality and self-education. Originality: The analysis of Natalia's agency in upbringing and teaching in difficult times was made by showing the structure and dynamics of the layers of her personal safety, which allowed for insight into her ontological profile as a human person, without standard psychological and sociological analyses. Keyword: personalistic analysis of act, lay apostolate, courage to act, cultural sensitivity, responsibility
PROTESTANT FAMILIES IN THE PŁOCK DIOCESE IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES
Authors: Kuźniewska Zofia
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present the problems of the religious minority of Protestantism in the Płock diocese in the 18th and 19th centuries. It was one of the largest religious groups that came to Poland in the 16th century. The above-mentioned diocese of Płock was also inhabited by Protestant communities which disappeared over time in the areas of some of its Roman Catholic parishes. However, they exist to this day in some other places. Methods: The following article utilizes the historical method and reconstruction of facts. The following article benefits from the materials from the Diocesan Archives in Płock, as well as resources from archival extracts regarding the inhabitants of the Protestant denomination living in the area of ​​the Płock diocese, included in the protocols of general and deanery visitations. Results: Using archival resources, this study presents the situation of Protestant families, their number in individual parishes of the Płock diocese, religiosity, i.e. the number of prayer houses, cemeteries and the number of schools founded and run by teachers, also of the Protestant denomination, for their children. Conclusion: The 18th and 19th centuries was the time when Protestant families lived in most Roman Catholic parishes in the Płock diocese. Religious tolerance resulted in the revival of the religious and intellectual life of Protestants, hence they could freely organize their own temples, houses of prayer, cemeteries and schools in individual parishes. Originality: despite many existing studies on the Reformation in Mazovia and the Płock diocese, this study is the first to present the number of Protestants in the areas of individual Roman Catholic parishes of the Płock diocese and the places where their temples or prayer houses, cemeteries and schools were located. Keywords: Martin Luther, Protestantism, religious tolerance, Płock diocese, parish.
Optimalisasi Penggunaan Media Sosial Facebook dalam Meningkatkan Pemasaran UMKM Bawang Merah di Desa Ngasem
Authors: Mauhala Sofa  , Adita Nafisa
Published: September 2024

Effective marketing is the key to success for shallot farmers in increasing sales and obtaining optimal profits. Social media, especially Facebook, can be an effective tool for promoting and marketing shallot products. This research aims to analyze the optimization of the use of Facebook social media in increasing shallot marketing in Ngasem Village. The use of social media Facebook can effectively increase shallot marketing in Ngasem Village. The optimization strategies carried out include creating a Facebook business page, managing interesting content, utilizing advertising features, as well as intensive interaction activities with customers. By implementing this strategy, shallot farmers and traders can increase product visibility, expand marketing reach, and encourage increased sales.
Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Lilin Aromaterapi
Authors: Asfitri Hayati  , Rella Dwi Respati  , Raden Asri Kartini  , Bagus Arstiyanto Prasetyo
Published: September 2024

This training aims to provide knowledge and skills to participants in processing used cooking oil into aromatherapy candles, as an effort to utilize household waste that is economically valuable and environmentally friendly. Used cooking oil, which is generally thrown away and can pollute the environment, can be processed into aromatherapy candles which have added value. This training includes material on basic techniques for processing used cooking oil, selecting aromatherapy ingredients, and the process of making candles until the product is ready for use. With this training, it is hoped that participants will be able to utilize used cooking oil waste creatively and productively, as well as opening up new business opportunities in the field of environmentally friendly products. The results of the training show that participants can easily understand and apply the knowledge provided, and produce quality aromatherapy candles that are ready to be marketed.
Pelatihan Strategi Branding dan Marketing Mix Produk Ecoenzym di Desa Landbaw Kecamatan Gisting Kabupaten Tanggamus
Authors: Citra Kunia Dewi  , Faisal Abi  , Ulil Albab  , Nanda Alhusna  , Rahma Aulia Nazwa
Published: September 2024

Household waste has not been utilized properly and is generally considered as garbage. In fact, it can be utilized as an ecoenzyme organic fertilizer that is not only beneficial for the soil and plants themselves, but can also reduce household waste in the form of fruit and vegetable waste. In general, household waste in Landbaw Village, Gisting District, Tanggamus Regency has been utilized properly as organic fertilizer. However, it has not been optimal. This is due to the absence of branding and marketing itself in order to introduce and distribute it to the wider community. Therefore, community service activities were held in Landbaw Village, Gisting District, Tanggamus Regency through counseling on how to package a product to make it more attractive and make other people trust our products so as to increase income.
Teks Vista: Kemampuan Menyimak Siswa Melalui Media Pembelajaran TV Putar
Authors: Silvia Permatasari  , Zahra Zahra  , Nurul Fadhilah  , Dewi Sintiya  , Mawaddah Warahmah  , Milati Ramadhan M  , Juandono Juandono  , Raehan Kamil  , Adrimus Adrimus  , Arif Ardiansyah
Published: September 2024

This research evaluates the effectiveness of playback TV media in improving students' listening skills at SD 012 Kampung Panjang. Qualitative methods with classroom observations were used to collect data related to student interactions with this media. The research results show that rotating TV can increase students' motivation and involvement in listening learning. This media offers an interesting and realistic learning experience, even though there are obstacles. This research suggests the use of rotating TV and active interaction after listening as effective strategies in language learning.
Observation of vitamin D levels in newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis patients: A case series
Authors: Huynh Thi Nhu Y , Nguyen Xuan Dieu , Nguyen Ngoc Luong , Hoang Tien Trong Nghia
Published: September 2024

Background: Many environmental factors have been reported to be associated with the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS), such as lack of exposure to sunlight, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, smoking, and infectious mononucleosis. Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to play a role in immune system function and may increase the risk of developing MS, although there are many confounding factors and inconsistent results.
Objective: In this report, we evaluated vitamin D levels in newly diagnosed MS patients to determine the need for vitamin D supplementation.
 Methods: We observed vitamin D levels in newly diagnosed MS patients who had not previously used corticosteroids and vitamin D. We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 OH vitamin D) levels when patients with suspected MS were hospitalized. All patients were evaluated for kidney function, and normal function was ensured.
Results: We recorded six patients (5 females, 1 male), aged from 17 to 66 years old, newly diagnosed with MS from January 2024 to July 2024, and 4 patients had positive oligoclonal bands. 25 OH vitamin D levels were low in 5 patients and normal in 1 patient. The patient with normal 25 OH vitamin D levels was the youngest with a serum level of 83.95 ng/ml. In the remaining patients, deficient 25 OH vitamin D levels were recorded in 1 patient (15.91 ng/ml) and insufficient levels in 4 patients (ranging from 20.46 to 28.4 ng/ml). Patients with low 25 OH vitamin D levels were then supplemented with vitamin D2 or D3.
Conclusion: Most MS patients have low 25 OH vitamin D levels, so vitamin D supplementation in MS treatment is necessary. However, further observations with larger sample sizes and comparisons with healthy individuals or non-MS patients are needed.
Application of forecasting methods in harmonising strategic planning for sustainable development of the state
Authors: Korolchuk Lesia
Published: September 2024

Successful implementation of the global concept of sustainable development requires harmonising the strategic planning of sustainable development of the state to ensure effective monitoring of the progress of states in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The purpose of the research is to actualise the problem of applying forecasting methods in the process of harmonising the strategic planning of the sustainable development of the state and to develop methodological tools for its solution. In the course of the study, based on the application of such methods as: literature review, hypothetical-deductive method, comparison method, empirical method and logical analysis, the expediency is substantiated, methodological tools are developed and the method of triple exponential Holt-Winters smoothing based on a long time series is tested using the Forecast Sheet in Microsoft Excel 2016. Within the framework of a harmonised approach to strategic planning for sustainable development, to assess the country’s progress in sustainable development, the indicators of decoupling of environmental pressure from economic growth are used, as they are simple, measurable and flexible. Based on the Tapio’s methodology, a norm of non-renewable resource decoupling and environmental impact decoupling indicators is determined as a benchmark for the development and analysis of the effectiveness of the national sustainable development strategy, and a forecast of the dynamics of these indicators in the EU as a whole until 2026 is made, as a leader in the greening of the economy. The findings allowed us to identify the main trends in the EU’s sustainable development, basing on the classification of the decoupling status. The results obtained contribute to the harmonisation of national strategies to ensure the successful implementation of the global concept of sustainable development, can be used at such a stage of strategic planning as the formation of a goal tree, which makes it possible to set both attainable and relevant goals, as well as in assessing the effectiveness of strategies in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals
Digital Currencies: Individual Perceptions of the Impact on Money Laundering and the Transition to a Cashless Environment
Authors:   Doctoral School of Finance, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania,, Căpățîna (Dumitrache) Cristina S. , Bîlteanu Dragoș ,   Doctoral School of Finance, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: September 2024

Based on the correlation between the use of cash and criminal activity demonstrated in the literature, we conducted a survey to identify the civilian community’s perception of the extent to which the adoption of cashless transactions could mitigate criminal behaviour. Our study investigates both attitudes towards digital currencies and the feasibility of transitioning to a cashless society. The survey results show scepticism towards limiting cash as a comprehensive solution to combat illicit financial activities, highlighting the importance for policymakers to weigh the potential benefits against criminal adaptability. The varied perspectives among legal and public policy respondents highlight the nuanced considerations surrounding cash restrictions, with some advocating their benefits in combating money laundering while others remain sceptical. Concerns expressed by respondents about privacy, institutional control and economic autonomy highlight the multiple implications of the transition to a cashless society. These findings underline the need for robust legal and regulatory frameworks to protect individual privacy rights and ensure transparency in the use of transaction data. In addition, respondents’ concerns about oversight and trust in digital payment systems underscore the need for thorough analysis prior to the adoption of centralised digital currencies.
Study on Digital Transformation and Algorithmic Law
Authors:   Faculty of Law, „Titu Maiorescu” University of Bucharest, Romania, Paraschiv Carmen Silvia
Published: September 2024

The article studies the interaction between digital transformation and the legal field, analyzing the impact of digital technologies on legislation and legal practice. After outlining the basics of digital transformation, it examines how technological evolution affects the rule of law and the legal implications of digital transformation, with a focus on data protection and privacy in the digital age. Emerging legal tools such as smart contracts and blockchain technology present challenges and opportunities. Access to justice in the digital age is analyzed, noting the influence of technology on legal processes and online dispute resolution platforms. The paper also addresses the impact of digital transformation on legal education and the ethical issues associated with the use of technology in legal practice. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the importance of adapting the legal system and educational practices to the changes generated by the digital transformation.
Scenarios for the Future of the Legal Profession in the Age of Artificial Intelligence?
Authors:   Corresponding member of the Academy of Romanian Scientists, Vedinaș Verginia ,   President of the Institute of Administrative Sciences ‘Paul Negulescu’, Romania, Vedinaș Ioan Laurențiu ,   ‘Vasile Goldiș’ Western University of Arad, Romania
Published: September 2024

The present study aims to address, succinctly, aspects that concern the future. The changes that this period will bring to all professions represent a general concern. It is obvious, however, that the effects to be produced are not similar either as content, nor quantitatively. If they are professions ‘prone’ to be replaced, in completeness, computers, equally are professions whose content will be modified, without; however, they can be fully transferred from human to computers. Among these, we appreciate that there are also legal professions. Some of the ways in which they are exercised, it will be possible to move into the ‘competence’ of the computer, but man cannot ever disappear, entirely, from their exercise.
Liability of News Platforms under the Digital Services Act
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Bucharest, Romania, Vernea Sorin-Alexandru
Published: September 2024

This article analyzes the conditions under which news platforms can be held liable under European Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 of the Parliament and of the Council (Digital Services Act). The first part concerns the object of the DSA regulation, by reference to news platforms, and the second part regards the notion of illegal content and its specific nature in the case of news platforms. The third and fourth parts concern the liability of the online platform both for posted articles and for advertising, in which the author has identified a distinct regime depending on the type of uploaded material. The conclusion of the paper concerns the importance of the European Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 of the Parliament and of the Council for the activity of journalists and news platforms.
THE EVOLUTION OF PRE-PACKAGED INSOLVENCY RESOLUTION PROCESS (PRE-PACKS) UNDER IBC
Authors:   FCMS, JNV University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India., Jain Purnima , Sharma Anil ,   Shree Kheteshwar Mahavidhalaya, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
Published: September 2024

The introduction of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) in 2016 marked a pivotal moment in India’s legal and economic landscape, providing a unified and time-bound framework for insolvency resolution. Among the various mechanisms embedded within the IBC, the Pre-Packaged Insolvency Resolution Process (Pre-Packs) has emerged as a noteworthy innovation, particularly designed to address the insolvency challenges of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This research paper delves into the evolution of Pre-Packs under the IBC, tracing their legislative genesis, operational dynamics, and their broader implications for India’s insolvency regime. Pre-Packs, a hybrid insolvency resolution process, allow for the resolution plan to be negotiated and finalized between the debtor and creditors before formal court proceedings are initiated. This mechanism, which has been successfully implemented in jurisdictions like the United Kingdom and the United States, was introduced in India in 2021 to offer a more efficient and less disruptive alternative to the traditional Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP). This study critically examines the introduction of Pre-Packs in India, their legislative foundation, and the early applications and outcomes within the Indian context. The paper further explores the operational mechanisms of Pre-Packs under the IBC, including the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders such as debtors, creditors, insolvency professionals, and the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT). It highlights the key advantages of Pre-Packs, including expedited resolution, cost-effectiveness, and the preservation of business continuity, while also addressing the potential challenges, such as the risk of promoter misuse, transparency concerns, and the limited scope of application to MSMEs. By comparing the Indian Pre-Pack framework with international practices, the research identifies global best practices and discusses their applicability in the Indian context. The paper also emphasizes the need for policy reforms to expand the scope of Pre-Packs to larger enterprises, enhance regulatory safeguards, and strengthen the role of insolvency professionals to ensure the integrity and effectiveness of the process. In conclusion, this research underscores the significance of Pre-Packs as a progressive step in India’s insolvency framework. While acknowledging the challenges and limitations, the study argues that with appropriate reforms and enhancements, Pre-Packs have the potential to become a vital tool in the resolution of corporate distress in India, contributing to economic stability and growth. The findings of this research provide valuable insights for policymakers, legal practitioners, and academics, offering a comprehensive understanding of the evolution and future potential of Pre-Packs under the IBC.
VIKSHIT BHARAT @ 2047: PATHWAY TO SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
Authors:   M.M.H. College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, Hamid Mohd , Rahaman Inamur ,   M.M.H. College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India., Singh Abhishek Kumar ,   M.M.H. College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: September 2024

India’s economic growth is projected to reach 8.2%in 2023-24(National Statistical Office).It is to be ranked fifth globally in terms of GDP and third in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in 2024. The IMF estimates that India’s GDP will grow by 7% in 2024. As India approaches 2047, celebrating 100 years of independence, the vision of “Vikshit Bharat @2047” (Developed India) is emerging, aiming to move to a High-income status and surpass $30 trillion GDP. This study explores the role of sustainable agricultural development in achieving the vision of “Vikshi Baharat”, focusing on incorporating advanced technologies into farming practices. The study explores the potential of innovations such as Precision Farming, Biotechnology, Machine Learning and Digital Agricultural, along with Sustainable Farming Practices, Water Resource Management, Soli Health Practices and Supporting Policy. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of Agricultural Finance and Public-Private Partnership in economic development.
Assessment of Pain among Patients Recovered from COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Observational Study
Authors: Hossain Md Mosharaf , Kamal Md Mostafa , Afroz Shahara , Akter Easmin , Sultana Sakera , Bhowmick Dilip Kumar , Akhtaruzzaman A K M
Published: September 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has created a huge impact on the lives and health of persons worldwide, with potential for developing further effects in coming days. The long-term complications of COVID-19 are starting to emerge and a large number of patients may experience continued effects including pain. The number of patients affected by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS CoV-2) is much greater than other corona viruses, so spectrum of long term post COVID-19 pain may produce huge burden. So, it is vital to assess the pain in post COVID-19 patients. This study is aimed to assess pain among the patients recovered from COVID-19.Methods: This cross sectional observational study was carried out in pain medicine Out Patient Unit, Department of Anaesthesia, Analgesia & Intensive Care Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University for a period of one year following ethical approval. A total of 76 patients were included in this study according to the selection criteria. Data were collected using a pre-designed data collection sheet. Assessment of pain was carried out by Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) questionnaire. Collected data were analysed by statistical software SPSS 23.Results: A total of 225 patients were assessed and the study period prevalence of post COVID-19 pain was 33.78 percent. The average age of the participants was 46.8±14.3 years with a male to female ratio of 43:33. After COVID-19, 49 (64.5%) patients had new onset pain, whereas 27 (35.5%) had exaggerated chronic pain. Most 21 (27.6%) patients was found in chest pain, 20 (26.3%) neck pain, 19 (25.0%) headache and 19 (25.0%) low back pain. Most of the patients (50.0%) had mild pain in intensity right now. Mean pain interference score was 3.8±2.0. The mean pain intensity was considerably higher in older patients (age>50 years), female gender, patients with two or more co-morbidities, and severe COVID-19 infection.Conclusion: Both new onset of pain and exaggeration of chronic pain were observed among the patients recovered from covid-19 disease.
Ultrasound guided quadratus lumborum and transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing caesarean section under subarachnoid block: A comparative study
Authors: Sultana Sakera , Bhuiyan Sajib Kabir , Hossain Md Mosharaf , Hossain Md. Bablu , Kamal Md Mostafa , Bhowmick Dilip Kumar , Akhtaruzzaman A K M
Published: September 2024

Background: Effective postoperative pain management after caesarean section is very vital; because it helps early ambulation, facilitates breastfeeding and creates early mother-baby bonding. To reduce this significant postoperative pain various modalities are in current use. All truncal blocks can reduce postoperative pain and reduce opioid consumption after caesarean section significantly. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of USG guided Quadratus lumborum block and Transversus abdominis plane block in postoperative pain management in patients undergoing caesarean section.Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted in 60 patients, who were underwent elective caesarean section under sub arachnoid block in obstetric operation theatre, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. The study populations were divided equally into two groups having same numbers of parturient in each. QL block group parturient received ultrasound guided quadratus lumborum block (0.20% bupivacaine) and TAP block group received transversus abdominis plane block (0.20% bupivacaine) after caesarean section. Total volume of the drugs (0.20% bupivacaine) is 20 ml on each side. Then collected data was recorded and compared between two groups: duration of analgesia, time of first analgesic requirement, total dose of opioid consumption in first 24 hours, postoperative pain by VAS score, sedation scale by Ramsay scale and satisfaction level by Likert scale between the groups.Results: Socio-demographic profile were similar among the both groups (p>0.05). The mean VAS score was significantly low in QL block group as compared to the TAP block at 10th, 16th and 20th hours interval (p<0.05). Patients with QLB block had significantly late demand of 1st analgesic (14.35±2.55 vs 8.25±2.25) hours (p<0.05) and significantly less total opioid consumption (95.5±10.7 vs191.6±14.8) mg (p<0.05) compared to patients with TAP block. Post-operative complication was noted significantly higher among patients with TAP block compared to QL block. The level of satisfaction was much higher in QL block group then TAPblock group.Conclusion: This study shows that quadratus lumborum block produce longer duration of analgesia which provides optimum post-operative pain control and reduce the opioid consumption among the patients than transversus abdominis plane block in case of caesarean section under subarachnoid block.
Unraveling Post-COVID Chronic Pain Syndrome
Authors: Dureja G P
Published: September 2024

The COVID‐19 pandemic had an unprecedented impact on health systems and transformed everyone’s life, but the implications were most impactful for vulnerable populations, including patients with chronic pain. Another area of concern is the persistent pain reported by a notable proportion of COVID-19 survivors particularly with long COVID, now classified as post-COVID chronic pain syndrome. This condition can vary widely, affecting muscles, joints, nerves and persistent headaches and severely impacting the quality of life. New‐onset chronic pain was reportedly common and likely involves multiple mechanisms; however, its prevalence decreases over time and symptoms appear to fluctuate. Broadly, mechanisms underlying pain due to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection could be caused by ‘systemic inflammatory‐immune mechanisms’, ‘direct neuropathic mechanisms’ or ‘secondary mechanisms due to the viral infection or treatment’. This editorial explores the consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic on patients already suffering from chronic pain and those with new onset chronic pain particularly in developing countries of South Asia. Existing chronic pain populations were variably impacted and social determinants of health appeared to influence the degree of effect.
New media's influence on college students' sports injury prevention and treatment skills
Authors: Kelly Isabella , Carter Emily
Published: September 2024

Based on the survey of the basic situation and causes of sports injuries among college students, a prevention and treatment plan for sports injuries was formulated in conjunction with new media intervention methods. The study found that: after three months of intervention experiments conducted through three terminals of the internet platform and two concentrated online classes, there was a certain degree of improvement in college students' ability to prevent and treat sports injuries.
Philippine Regulations for Cross-Border Digital Platforms: Impact and Reform Considerations
Authors: Serzo Aiken Larisa
Published: September 2024

This study reviews Philippine regulations governing digital platforms with cross-border operations and the impacts of these laws on the ability of platforms to innovate and participate in the global economy. There is no shortage of constitutional, statutory, and policy support for innovation, e-commerce, digitization, and entrepreneurship. However, there is a disconnect between these policies and the environment created by how implementing statutes and regulations evolved. These regulatory gaps could negatively impact digital platforms in two ways. First, they inhibit innovation because uncertainties could limit funding opportunities and discourage firms from developing or launching novel products. Second, gaps and overlaps could lead to cross-border and domestic regulatory arbitrage, forcing firms to relocate to areas or jurisdictions where risks are more manageable. Therefore, this paper recommends a recalibration of regulations, taking into consideration the policy objectives on innovation vis-à-vis the protection of Filipino consumers and entrepreneurs. Policymakers could take advantage of regulatory intersections to further innovation policies. They could also consider various interventions to achieve such reforms without necessarily resorting to constitutional changes. The government could review its taxation, labor, consumer protection, and investment regulations, ensuring that these laws do not stifle innovation.