bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes Accompanied by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and How Organizations Respond to These Changes
Authors: Farouq Farhan Abedallah , Hatem Galal
Published: November 2024

Organisations are being influenced by the Artificial Intelligence (AI), which indeed implemented several changes to the management processes of organisations. However, the changes accompanying this intervention must carry some aspects that must be studied. The changes start from human resource management (HRM), as the different practices of HRM are gradually transforming to be managed by the AI, including recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, and compensation. This chapter aims to shed light on these changes and how organisations behave in response to these changes. The key changes brought by AI include changes in skills, changes in technology, changes in decision-making approaches, changes in security and privacy aspects and changes in the way day-to-day tasks are performed. The organisations are responding to these changes by investing in advanced technologies, developing their workforce, adopting AI tools in decision-making, tightening privacy and security aspects, and automating the repetitive tasks and freeing up employees’ time for strategic tasks.
Thermoplastic Elastomer Nanocomposite Based Polypropylene
Authors: Ahmadi Ali , Reza Nakhaei Mohammad , Naderi Ghasem
Published: November 2024

In recent years, the advances in plastic and composite industries have been the development and commodification of polymer-based nanocomposites. Polymer-blend nanocomposites based on thermoplastic containing an elastomer and an organic or an inorganic filler have wide applications. Polypropylene (PP) is one of the thermoplastics, which is extensively used due to its low price, low density, high thermal stability, high performance, and easy processing. However, its poor impact resistance at low temperatures and high strain rates limits its application. The practice of blending PP with rubbers like EPDM improves the toughness of this material. These blends are named thermoplastic polyolefin elastomers (TPOs). This chapter briefly explains some of the basic concepts in thermoplastic elastomer materials. Also, various thermoplastic elastomers based on polypropylene and physical, mechanical, thermal, electrical, morphology, and rheology properties are described. Also, the application of these materials in different industries is explained.
Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) as Key Targets in Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Mukhtar Yusif Mohammed
Published: November 2024

Metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, cardiac hypertrophy, and atherosclerosis are linked to changes in diet, exercise, aging, and genetics. Nonetheless, several studies propose that other environmental factors and epigenetic regulations may also contribute remarkably to the rapid increase in the prevalence of these metabolic diseases. Histone deacetylases/acylases (HDACs) are epigenetic regulators that mediate transcriptional regulations via the removal of acetyl/acyl functionalities from key lysine side chains of nucleosomal histones. Indeed, the dynamic interplay between the acetylation state (catalyzed by histone acetyltransferase (HATs) and the deacetylation state (catalyzed by HDACs) of histone lysine side chains is responsible for epigenetic control. Of interest, it has been recognized that HDACs play an important role in numerous diseases, which include aging and metabolic diseases, viz., cancer, cardiac disorders, fibrosis, diabetes, inflammation, and others. Therefore, targeting HDACs with small molecules could help treat metabolic disorders. This chapter provides an overview of the catalytic deacetylation mechanisms of HDACs, their role in metabolic disorders, and the prospects of HDAC inhibitors, activators, and proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) in treating metabolic diseases. Toward this journey, an extensive literature search was conducted using the key phrase “HDACs and metabolic disorders” in Google Scholar and PubMed.
Phytochemicals as Potential Therapeutics in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Perveen Shazia , Kanwal Sumaira , Mumtaz Zara , Bibi Sidra
Published: November 2024

Prostate cancer is the second most widely diagnosed cancer in men and the sixth leading cause of cancer death. Signal transductions are always linked with cancers, and phytochemicals play a predominantly striking role in chemoprevention. An increasing number of studies have looked into the role of polyphenols on prostate cancer cell growth, highlighting their ability to target various cellular mechanisms. In this review, we picked out and found the potential role of polyphenols in targeting prostate cancer through calcium channel blockers and concluded that polyphenols are the top listed chemopreventive for prostate cancer.
Association of Dietary Pattern and Physical Inactivity with Hypertension, Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Silva Amílcar , Silva Luísa , Lopes Isaura , Francisco António , Neto António , Monteiro Maria , Muela Henrique
Published: November 2024

Physical inactivity and dietary pattern are important cardiovascular risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases (CND) and cardiometabolic diseases. To explore details of the association between dietary patterns and physical inactivity with obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, an electronic bibliographic research was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Africa Index Medicus, LILACS/SciELO, and African Journal Online Scopus, with descriptors: dietary pattern, physical inactivity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity, and metabolic syndrome, with emphasis on studies published in the last 30 years until December 2023. Results are evident, and low physical activity or sedentary is associated with the development of several CND and worsens the situation with consumption of dietary pattern western/unhealthy. However, adherence to a dietary pattern, with greater consumption of salt, refined grains, carbohydrates, has been associated with a high risk of central abdominal obesity and hypertension. The “Westernized” eating pattern is associated with metabolic syndrome, while the Mediterranean eating pattern is considered healthy. Physical inactivity, a sedentary lifestyle, and an unhealthy dietary pattern are the basis for the emergence of overweight/obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, the main components of metabolic syndrome. The findings can serve as a reference to develop community programs for intervention and health promotion, preventing and managing CND.
FEATURES OF ADOPTION OF CHILDREN IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors:   аl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Omirzhanov Y. , Orazaeva A. ,   аl-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: November 2024

The article is aimed at identifying the features of adoption in the EU countries, associated with an increase in the number of adoptions both at the national and international level. The aim of the article is to highlight the main criteria of the adoption in the EU and the Republic of Kazakhstan in comparison with each other. When writing the article, the authors used the method of scientific analysis, analytical method, historical and comparative methods. In the study, the authors revealed the lack of a unified approach to adoption when considering the main international documents and normative-legal acts, characterized the administrative and judicial procedures of adoption, as well as the adoption forms of adoption plena and adoption simple. The scientific significance is determined by highlighting the interests of the child as main priority in adoption, providing general information about the development trend of the institution of adoption, in particular, laws in the field of adoption in European countries, issues of adoption by same-sex couples in a number of European countries, and the attitude of society in international adoption by same-sex married couples.
FORESIGHT TECHNOLOGIES AND STRATEGIC PLANNING: INTERACTION EFFECT
Authors:   International Information Technology University, Alpysbayev K. , Alpysbayev S. ,   International Transport Academy,   Scientific Research Institute of Transport
Published: November 2024

The article deals with topical issues of strategic planning, forecasting and foresight research in order to better understand these categories and determine their features in the modern world. Strategic planning is an important process that is constantly changing. Therefore, strategic innovation, forecasting and foresight research should become a cornerstone in an ever-changing world. In market situations and in a competitive environment, there is a need for new approaches to the process and principles of developing effective strategies. Extremely rapid changes in the economic environment, associated with the development of information technology, business globalization and many factors, increase the importance of strategic planning, forecasting and the development of foresight research. The purpose of the article, based on a theoretical study of the key components - strategic planning, forecasting and foresight technologies, is to determine the main differences, features and the need for their close interaction.
NATIONAL MODEL FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE OF EDUCATION: NEW FORMAT, TOOLS AND REGULATORY MECHANISMS
Authors:   Astana IT University, Omirbayev S.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to topical issues of the formation of the National model for ensuring the quality of education in the current conditions of global change. The article discusses tools, regulatory mechanisms and new approaches to assessing quality assurance. During the transformation of the system of educational services, the formation of the National Model of Quality Assurance is important as an important factor in the renewal and modernization of the education system. The purpose of the article is to consider and substantiate all the elements of the structure of the National model for ensuring the quality of education, as a mechanism for close interaction between internal and external quality assurance. The article discusses the patterns of the relationship of improving the quality of higher education and the institutional framework and tools for their provision in modern conditions. Methods and new approaches to quality assurance based on European principles of education development are proposed.
ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF UNAUTHORIZED LAND CAPTURE AND ILLEGAL CONSTRUCTION
Authors:   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Aitkozha Z. , Nazyrova D. ,   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this article is a comprehensive study of the illegal activities of individuals and legal entities in the squatting of land and the impact of these actions in general on the economic security of the country. The changes taking place in Kazakhstan in political, socio-economic, legal and other relations have led not only to positive results, but also to negative consequences, expressed, in particular, in an increase in land squatting. Recently, the issues of unauthorized seizure of land plots, the erection of unauthorized buildings, which violate not only the real rights of citizens, but also the interests of the state, have become more frequent and topical. The methodological basis of the study was the generalized achievements of the institutional and neo-institutional theory, as well as on the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of land disputes. The author, the first in Kazakhstan, tried to determine the economic consequences of illegal buildings.
LEGAL SUPPORT OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY
Authors:   Independent Agency for Accreditation and Rating (IAAR), Zhumagulova A.
Published: November 2024

The current situation is characterized by a large increase in attention to the quality of higher education almost all over the world, and especially to such an effective tool for ensuring and improving such quality as independent accreditation. The article discusses the legal aspects of ensuring the quality of education and the trends in the formation and development of modern legal methods and approaches. In this regard, the issues of coordination and improvement of accreditation activities on an international scale are of current importance. International networks and associations for quality assurance of higher education have gained wide scope - associations of accreditation agencies from different countries, whose role is aimed at the formation and support of common requirements for ensuring the quality of education. International networks and associations for quality assurance of higher education have gained wide scope - associations of accreditation agencies from different countries, whose role is aimed at the formation and support of common requirements for ensuring the quality of education. In the modern world, this field of activity is directly related to the development of the internationalization of higher education. The purpose of the study of this article is to reveal the activities of various organizational forms of associations, individual features and determine their role in ensuring the quality of education in higher educational institutions. The scientific methods of comparative analysis, collection and processing of primary data, statistical observation and comparison were applied in the article. The value of the article lies in the formation of scientific, practical and methodological provisions, including various aspects of in-depth study of existing international organizations, networks and organizations to ensure the quality of education, modern approaches to improving the conditions for training graduates of higher educational institutions based on world quality standards and international principles for the development of national legal country systems. Results of the study - international experience has been studied and the main trends in ensuring the quality of graduate training in the context of the transformation of the higher education system have been considered. Much attention is paid
IDENTIFYING REGIONAL INADEQUACIES AND ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL AND COMPETITIVENESS OF THE REGION
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Baizholova R. , Nuralina K. ,   University named after Shakarim of Semey
Published: November 2024

In all countries, regions of the world have different levels of social and economic development due to differences in geographical location, natural and climatic conditions, demographic situation, history of development and other factors. This creates many important socio-economic problems. Every state strives to implement a regional policy aimed at raising the standard of living in backward regions, that is, equalizing conditions and increasing the level of their development. The purpose of the study is to identify regional inadequacies caused by market transformation in the Republic of Kazakhstan, and to assess its economic potential and competitiveness. To analyze the degree of regional inequality and the main trends of the economic development of the territory of Kazakhstan, it is recommended to use indicators such as gross regional product (GRP), GRP per capita, population, employment in the economy, volume of industrial production, etc. And evaluation of the economic potential and its competitiveness through the integral estimation methods is considered. This group of indicators is proposed to assess the region's potential, to measure its significance (affecting economic development) and the dynamics characterizing the economic situation in the region.
FACTORS OF ACHIEVING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Berdibekova A. , Ibragimov N. ,   Bukhara State University, Maidyrova A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: November 2024

Currently, the tourism industry is becoming one of the most important sectors of the economy, leading to an increase in the welfare of the population. Of particular importance in the development of the tourism industry are the factors that characterize tourist regions and territories. Therefore, the issues of their proper formation in order to achieve the competitiveness of the tourism industry, the brand and the image of the state in the world are the purpose of this article. The scientific and practical significance of the article lies in the fact that recommendations have been developed to be applied for the sustainable development of the tourism industry in Uzbekistan. The value of the article is determined by the contribution to the development of the country’s tourism industry, since the factors for achieving the country’s competitiveness have for the first time been studied and presented.
Exploring the Relationship Between Contraceptive Practices and Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevalence Among Young Adults: A Retrospective Study in New Jersey
Authors: Zaw Lin Kyaw , Gonzalez Emmanuel , Espinoza Bryan , Khine Hein Aung , Maung Dwe , Shar May
Published: November 2024

Background: The prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains a significant public health concern, particularly among young adults. In the United States, this age group is increasingly affected by STIs, with a notable rise in cases over recent years. Inconsistent use of contraceptives, especially among users of long-acting reversible contraceptives like hormonal implants and intrauterine devices, has been implicated in this rise. This study aimed to explore the relationships between knowledge, practices, and the history of STIs in young adults. Methods: This retrospective observational analysis study involved 201 young adults aged 18 to 24 from various backgrounds at college campuses and outpatient medical facilities in New Jersey. Data were collected using anonymous survey questionnaires via Qualtrics, an online survey platform. Results: Participants included 63% female respondents (n=126) and 37% males (n=75), with a racial composition of 42.3% Black (n=85), 38.3% Caucasian (n=77), and 19.4% Asian/Pacific Islander (n=39). Ethnically, 81.4% (n=165) were non-Hispanic and 18.6% (n=35) Hispanic, with a mean age of 21 years. Condoms (37.8%, n=88) and oral contraceptives (19.7%, n=46) were the most commonly used forms of contraception. Regarding STI knowledge, limited knowledge showed a strong correlation with a history of STIs (p<0.001), particularly Chlamydia (p=0.003) and Gonorrhea (p=0.004). Regarding contraceptive use with new or non-steady partners, 3.98% (n=8) always used contraception, 38.8% (n=78) used it most of the time, and 50.75% (n=102) sometimes used it. Infrequent contraceptive use was associated with the highest incidence of STIs (p=0.007), especially Gonorrhea (p<0.001) and Chlamydia (p=0.043). Conclusions: Implementing educational programs targeting young adults could play a crucial role in reducing STI incidence. These programs should emphasize the importance of consistent use of barrier contraceptives during all sexual encounters and clarify that oral contraceptives do not prevent STI transmission, with a focus on educating about Gonorrhea and Chlamydia infections.
Iron Deficiency Anemia in Infants
Authors: mahmoud Fatma mohamed
Published: November 2024

Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, with infants being particularly vulnerable. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in infancy can significantly impact growth, development, and overall health. This comprehensive review summarizes the current understanding of IDA in infants, including its etiological factors, clinical features, diagnostic approach, treatment strategies, and preventive measures. Risk factors for IDA in infants include inadequate dietary iron intake, increased physiological requirements during this period of rapid growth, prematurity, low birth weight, and chronic blood loss. IDA in infancy has been associated with impairments in cognitive development, motor function, and social-emotional wellbeing, with some effects persisting into later childhood. Prompt diagnosis involves assessment of hemoglobin, red cell indices, and iron status markers such as serum ferritin. Oral iron supplementation remains the mainstay of treatment, with parenteral iron therapy reserved for severe or refractory cases. Prevention strategies focus on optimizing maternal iron status, ensuring adequate iron intake through exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months and timely introduction of iron-rich complementary foods, iron supplementation in high-risk populations, and limiting excessive cow's milk intake. Routine screening for IDA in infants, especially in at-risk groups, coupled with appropriate interventions, is crucial to address this preventable condition. Continued research is needed to explore innovative strategies for effective prevention and treatment of IDA in infancy, as well as to elucidate the long-term impact on child health outcomes. A coordinated effort from healthcare providers, policymakers, and community stakeholders is essential to reduce the global burden of IDA in infants and ensure optimal child growth, development, and well-being.
Knowledge Of Pulmonary Tb Patients About The Transmission And Prevention Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diseases In Klibur Domin Tibar Clinic Municipality Of Liquica Timor-Leste [2024]
Authors: Tilman Carlos Boavida
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Globally the level of tuberculosis disease in the world in 2020, be it 10 million people indicated in 2020, the highest number of new tuberculosis cases, [43%] occurred in the Southeast Asia Region. Tuberculosis in Indonesia ranks second to India, with 969,000 cases and 93,000 deaths. The total number of people infected with tuberculosis in Timor-Leste is 508, this number of cases leads Timor-Leste to be the second country with high cases in Southeast Asia. Based on the pre-elimination data at the Klibur Domin Tibar Clinic Liquica, the tuberculosis-positive patients are 160 male patients, 127 female patients. Research Objectives: To know the level of knowledge of pulmonary tuberculosis patients about transmission and prevention in the Klibur Domin Tibar Clinical Clinic Liquica. Research Methodology: We used a quantitative descriptive method, using the Probability Sampling technique with a simple random sampling approach and the univariate data analysis technique.
The Law and Constitution That Positive Democracy in Timor-Leste (2024)
Authors: Real Araújo Alexandre Gentil Corte
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The Law and Constitution is a set of rules that govern a state, which may or may not be codified as a written document, which enumerates and limits the powers of a political entity. Thus, the Constitution can be applied in any global system of laws that defines the functioning of a Government and State, including several uncodified historical Constitutions that existed before the development of modern Constitutions. Timor-Leste, as highlighted in paragraph 1. Article 1 of the Constitution "The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste is a democratic, sovereign, independent and unitary State based on the Democratic Will of the People and on the support for the dignity of the human person", and at the same time that paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 2 of the same Constitution establish that "Sovereignty resides in the people, who exercise it in accordance with the Constitution, and the State is subordinate to the Constitution and the laws in force". Objective: The constituent power assumed an identical relevance to that which fell on the concept of Constitution, much due to the work of the doctrine of the Constitution that is worth his opinion, Methodologies: We use the deductive methodology in this elaboration, because all research is done through the library and other references of the articles that were consulted on the internet as a collaborative means or to assist in the application methods that have constructive value.
The Children's Rights Document In The Overview Sign In The Dimension And Perspective Of The Law Namely Crdtl (2024).
Authors: de Araújo Alexandre Gentil Corte-Real
Published: November 2024

Introduction: In general, to analyze article 18 of the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (CRDTL), which says all children have the right to education, health, etc. We return to the condition of children that form their concern, when the conditions are abandoned such as child labor, and lose their rights by the family. Sometimes children cover the grief and have used the other way to help the needs of the family, but the opinions of the children should be heard all matters relating to their rights is fundamental to ensure in the law and functioning in Timor-Leste. Research Objectives: To narrate and review to ensure equal access and educational opportunities for all children and to identify and provide must meet requirements that allow for the development of their capacities or aptitudes and their culture in each municipality of Timor-Leste. Research Methodology: Made in the elaboration of deduction, based on research work in international and national articles school literary and legislative magazines, whose current documentary sources will be cited in the bibliographies.
Villalobos Technique of vascular ligation and uterine compression for the Management of Obstetric Hemorrhage
Authors: Villalobos-Rodríguez Alejandro L.
Published: November 2024

The Villalobos Technique of vascular ligation and uterine compression is an innovative surgical approach designed for the effective management of obstetric bleeding, particularly in cases of uterine atony and during transcesarean procedures. This technique combines ligation of the uterine arteries with a compressive suture, allowing rapid control of bleeding while preserving the function of the uterus and, therefore, the patient's fertility. The procedure is fast and safe, providing an effective alternative to hysterectomy in situations where conservative management of the uterus is required. Furthermore, its simplicity makes it applicable in resource-limited settings where access to advanced technology is scarce, making it a valuable tool for reducing maternal mortality in emergency obstetric settings. Through a series of clinical cases, the technique has demonstrated its ability to effectively stop obstetric hemorrhage and stabilize patients in critical situations. Its implementation can have a significant impact on reducing mortality and improving clinical outcomes, especially in second and third level hospitals.
The quality of life of caregivers of cancer patients
Authors: Mountassir Marouane
Published: November 2024

In the Moroccan context, where gastrointestinal malignancies are frequently detected at an advanced stage, the essay discusses the effect of these diseases on the quality of life of caretakers. The shift of care responsibilities from medical professionals to family members is emphasized. A questionnaire translated into Moroccan Arabic will be used in the study's assessment of this quality of life. About fifty caregivers participated in a cross-sectional study, which found that women—who are frequently illiterate—play a critical role. The findings indicate that while spiritual well-being is largely maintained, caregivers' psychological and social wellbeing is significantly impacted. The most affected caregivers are those who share a roof with the ill or are low-income. The article's conclusion emphasizes the necessity of giving caregivers proper financial and psychological assistance as well as legal recognition of their significance.
Kant’s Highest Good as a Wide Obligation and Its Normative Ground
Authors: Aksoy Neşe ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

In his Critical corpus, Kant makes two seemingly inconsistent claims concerning the highest good and its relation to the postulates of immortality and God. On the one hand, he argues that the highest good is a duty to be promoted that must therefore be possible by human powers (‘ought implies can’). On the other hand, he asserts that the highest good is an “unconditioned object” of practical reason that can only be attained on the ground of the postulates of immortality and the aid of God. In order to resolve this apparent conflict in Kant’s claims, I intend to argue in this paper that Kant implicitly classifies the highest good as a wide obligation (imperfect duty), which is to be promoted in the world by human agency but goes beyond the limits of human powers and must be assisted and complemented by the postulates of immortality and God. To do so, I argue that the highest good stems from the moral law since the moral law embodies the ground of absolute goodness and holiness that is never fully achievable by rational agents and thus can generate duties that are impossible to attain. In parallel, I argue that two of the components of the highest good, namely moral worthiness and distribution of happiness, are classified as wide obligations that the moral law commands us to pursue infinitely and with the aid of God. In sum, I try to resolve the initial conflict by suggesting that the highest good as an infinite progress towards the holiness demanded by the moral law signifies a wide obligation, which is not achievable merely by human agency but fundamentally requires the postulates of immortality and the existence of God as a complementing and assisting ground.
Searching for Identity
Authors: Victor Olanipekun Olusola ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

The article explores and attempts the possibility of reading normative cultural relativism into J. S. Mill’s On Liberty. This article examines J. S. Mill’s On Liberty. It argues that even though Mill is often described as a moral universalist as evident in the methodology employed in the postulation of his ethical utilitarianism, one could also argue that his position maintained in On Liberty qualifies him to be a normative cultural relativist. Basically, the article contends that beyond the universalist reading of Mill’s works, he is qualified to be called a normative cultural relativist. The article interrogates and interprets the position maintained by J. S. Mill’s in the On Liberty that commits him to normative cultural relativism. The paper concludes that anyone that maintains such a position as Mill need not necessarily reject normative cultural relativism.
Il concetto aristotelico di sostanza nelle dottrine Trinitarie del IV secolo d.C.
Authors: Fazzo Silvia ,   Editua Polirom
Published: November 2024

Based on new findings about the emergence and transmission of Aristotle’s corpus in late antiquity, the paper tackles a most controversial issue : the relation of Father and Son in Symbols of Nicaea (325) and of Constantinople (381) from the strict point of view of the Greek word and concept οὐσία. The concept is shown to evolve in a few decades from individual οὐσία (e.g., Socrates and Callias), as in the Categories, to οὐσία as immaterial substance as in Metaphysics Lambda. First parchment copies of Aristotle’s Metaphysics and of the corpus, probably kept in Constantinople since about 352 AD, played a possible role.
La Trinité en Dieu, les triades dans l’âme: Augustin, De Trinitate IX‑XV
Authors: Karfíková Lenkaq ,   Editua Polirom
Published: November 2024

Like his predecessor Marius Victorinus, Augustine tried to find the image of the divine Trinity, as understood by Western pro‑Nicene theology, in the human soul, created, according to Gn 1 :26f., in the image of God. Unlike Victorinus, Augustine finds this image not in the soul as such but only in the rational soul capable of intellectual insight, i.e. the mind (mens). The „image” of the divine Trinity is thus constituted by the mind itself and its self‑knowledge and self‑love (De trin. IX) or, alternatively, by memory, intellectual insight, and will (De trin. X). Apart from this Neo‑Platonising exposition, Augustine attempted to show a longer path to the same goal, intended, in his words, for „slower” readers (De trin. XI‑XIV). This „Aristotelianising” procedure gradually seeks analogous triads on the level of sense perception, imagination, and practical reason. However, these triads are not the image of God in a true sense, but only the way to find it in the mind. Finally, in the last book of his work, Augustine uses this image to develop his idea of the divine Trinity (De trin. XV).
L’union sans mélange des pluriels chez Némésius d’Émèse et Augustin
Authors: Scotton Marialuigia ,   Editua Polirom
Published: November 2024

This article aims to strengthen the thesis that Augustine made theological use of the Porphyrian concept of union without confusion (ἀσύγχυτος ἕνωσις). More specifically, the purpose is to show the important role played by this doctrine in the Augustinian theological and especially trinitarian thought. In order to demonstrate Augustine’s dependence on Porphyry, parallels between Augustinian texts and chapter 3 of the De natura hominis by Nemesius of Emesa (late 4th century CE) are pointed out. In this section, Nemesius refers the theory of the union without confusion of soul and body contained in the Σύμμικτα ζητήματα, a lost Porphyrian work. After analysing the argument developed by Nemesius, who uses the Porphyrian notion to account for the union of the two natures in Christ, the Christological application of the union without confusion by Augustine (Ep. 137, 11 ; Serm. 186, 1) is discussed. Then, the various passages in which the Christian writer refers to this model of union to explain the relationship between the three divine persons (De Tr. IX and VII ; De gen. ad. litt. VIII 19 ; Serm. VII, 4 ; Ep. 170, 5 ; In Ioh. Evang. XCV 1 ; De civ. Dei XI 28) is examined. The theological interest of the concept of union without confusion is due to the fact that it is a powerful tool for thinking about a relationship of several elements which are unified in a single reality, while remaining distinct.
L’âme sans organes. Sur une métaphore de Porphyre dans la Lettre à Marcella
Authors: Baudroux Martin ,   Editua Polirom
Published: November 2024

In a letter to his wife, Marcella, Porphyry invites her to collect her scattered limbs from her body. Commentators have shown little interest in this metaphor, which we propose to explore and understand. Since it cannot be a question of physical limbs (Marcella must gather them up far from the body), what organs is Porphyry talking about ? In what sense does the soul have organs, and how can it bring them together ? Drawing on other crucial texts by Plotinus and Porphyry, we propose to understand the dismemberment of the soul as that of its power, scattered and divided in the organs of the body when it acts within it. This interpretation enables us to shed light on Porphyry’s thought on alienation in the body, and to identify something akin to a Neoplatonic discourse on sexuality and on the union between two beings.
La triade Ouranos‑Kronos‑Zeus chez Plotin et ses relations avec le Cratyle et le Timée. Entre problème exégétique et philosophique
Authors: Volpe Enrico ,   Editua Polirom
Published: November 2024

The myth in Plotinus is a constitutive element of his metaphysics, as it is present in several treatises of the Enneads as an element aimed at justifying certain metaphysical theses through recourse to an analogy with the ancient tradition. In the case of the divine triad Ouranos‑Kronos‑Zeus, the relationship is extremely problematic since, from a Platonic perspective, these figures relate to two dialogues in particular : the Cratylus and the Timaeus. Regarding the Cratylus, the greatest difficulty for Plotinus lies in matching the Socratic etymological method with the actual nature of the hypostases. From this point of view, the role of Ouranos appears particularly problematic since the very nature of the first principle is incompatible with Platonic etymology. As far as the Timaeus is concerned, a fundamental role is that of Zeus as demiurge, which respects all the problematic nature of the Plotinian perspective, which is unable to precisely delineate the role of the demiurge, for which Zeus is twofold : Intellect and Soul. It thus emerges how the role of the Cratylus and Timaeus are merely strategic for Plotinus, called upon only to justify his metaphysical theses. The myth thus has the role of justifying an analogy between the metaphysics of hypostasis and the archaic tradition, but it presents problems of interpretative oscillation that Plotinus himself does not seem able to resolve.
Les trois actes de la triade damascienne
Authors: Petit Alain ,   Editua Polirom
Published: November 2024

Damascius’s proper insight into the neoplatonic triad has an idiosyncratic mood. Triad is not essentially seen as a kind of completeness, it is rather the place where some kind of tenseness is at stake between its second and third moments. One of the main points of this paper is connected to the very act of the triad’s second moment. This act is a twin act : rising to existence and multiplying to the infinite. The surmise grounding the argument dwells on a duality that lies in receptivity issuing from the One, duality mirroring the duality affecting the One itself.
‘Ok, Boomer’ as Activism
Authors: Riker Walter ,   The Society for Philosophy in the Contemporary World
Published: November 2024

The phrase “Ok, Boomer” (OKB) is rude and dismissive and intentionally so. On the surface, OKB signals a conflict between the Baby Boomer generation (those born between 1946 and 1964) and more recent generations, especially Millennials (1981-1996) and Generation Z (1997-2012). More generally, it is deployed against those who express seemingly old-fashioned and condescending views on current socioeconomic and environmental problems. Though rude and dismissive, OKB may have a legitimate place in public discourse. Young (2001) argues that non-discursive activism, including mockery, may be morally justified, even in democracies, when such activity might free someone from a hegemonic discourse. If we imagine, then, that a “Boomer Mindset” exists as a hegemonic discourse, would Young-style activism, specifically in the form of OKB, be morally justified? I defend this view from several objections. In the end, though, I am not convinced that such activism is necessary in the OKB case.
Pension Funds: The Importance of Corporate Governance
Authors: Macagnan Clea Beatriz , Benetti Cristiane , Mangoni Luiz Alberto , Vancin Daniel Francisco
Published: November 2024

This study analyzed whether the level of corporate governance of companies listed on the Brazilian capital market is related to the investment decisions of Brazilian pension funds. We start from the assumption that the corporate governance system mitigates the moral risk, that may arise in the relationship between corporate managers and investors and respective shareholders, Brazilian pension funds. Shareholding dispersion would enable opportunism for corporate managers, making decisions focused on their interests to the detriment of shareholders or investors. The governance system would signal that this behavior would be controlled, signaling safer behavior for investors. Thus, the hypothesis is that the level of corporate governance would attract pension funds that would understand this system as reducing investment risk. To test this, we used panel data, with a sample of 1,582 observations of companies listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange (B3) from 2010 to 2017. The statistical results show that corporate governance positively correlates with investment in pension funds. This leads to the conclusion that, for Brazilian pension funds, companies' signaling about their corporate governance practices is a risk-mitigating factor. Furthermore, these results allow us to infer that the company's governance level associated with leverage is a differentiating signaling element as the evidence points to a positive relationship.
DOWN SENDROMUNUN TESPİTİNDE İNVAZİV OLMAYAN PRENATAL TEST (NIPT) UYGULAMASININ ETİK VE HUKUKİ YÖNÜ
Authors: Söğüt İpek Sevda
Published: November 2024

Doğum öncesi genetik tarama ve tanı testi uygulamaları, doğmamış bir çocuktaki genetik bozuklukları tespit etmek için kullanılan işlemler olup, bu işlemle genetik bozukluğu olan bir çocuğa sahip olma riski araştırılarak elde edilen sonuçlar, ebeveynlerle prenatal dönemde paylaşılmaktadır. Günümüzde biyoteknolojik gelişmelerin hızı ile, girişimsel olmayan yeni bir prenatal tarama testi olarak NIPT, farklı genetik durumlara göre gebelere, engelli bir bebeğe sahip olunup olunamayacağına dair olasılığın sunulduğu bir test uygulaması olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Henüz tanı testi olmayıp, ileri bir tarama testi olarak rutin tarama testleri arasında da sayılmayan bu uygulamanın endikasyonları ve kullanım yaygınlığı, Down sendromunun tespitinde başvurulmasının avantajları, zarar vermekten kaçınma, seçim, özerklik ve rıza, eşitlik, adalet ve kapsayıcılık etik ilkeleri bakımından NIPT uygulamasının değerlendirilmesi, girişimsel olmayan bir prenatal test olarak ilgili uygulamanın hukuki niteliğinin ortaya konulması, NIPT uygulamasını öneren hekimin hastasını aydınlatmasının önemi ve hukuki sorumluluğu, Genetik Hastalıklar Değerlendirme Merkezlerinde yapılması gereken aydınlatmanın içeriği ve özellikleri bu çalışma kapsamında ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır.
TEMEL YAPI DOKTRİNİNDEN DEĞİŞTİRİLEMEZ MADDELERE GEÇİŞ: BANGLADEŞ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Güner Yaşar Gizem
Published: November 2024

Son yıllarda anayasanın üstünlüğünü benimseyen bazı ülkelerin
yargı organları tarafından ortaya konan “temel yapı doktrini”, anayasa
hukuku gündeminde önemli bir yer bulmuştur. Bu doktrini kullanan
mahkemeler, anayasa değişikliklerinin içeriğine bakarak denetim
yapma konusunda kendilerine olağanüstü bir yetki tanımaktadırlar.
Bangladeş Yüksek Mahkemesi “temel yapı doktrini”ni ilk kez,
1989 yılında karara bağlanan Anwar Hossain Chowdhurdy davasında
benimsemiştir. Bu tarihten sonra uzun bir zaman boyunca temel yapı
doktrini, Bangladeş’te anayasa değişikliklerinin yargısal denetiminde
tek ölçü olarak kullanılmıştır. Bangladeş Anayasasında 2011 yılındayapılan On Beşinci Anayasa Değişikliği ile getirilen geniş kapsamlı 7B
maddesi, Anayasanın önemli sayıda hükmünün değiştirilemeyeceğini
açıkça ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmada, 7B hükmünün getirilmesiyle
birlikte temel yapı doktrininin, Bangladeş Anayasasında gelecekte
yapılacak olan anayasa değişikliklerinin yargısal denetiminde en
önemli ölçü olma özelliğini yitireceği ifade edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Yük-
sek Mahkeme yargıçlarının görevden alınmasına ilişkin parlamento
mekanizmasının Anayasanın 7B maddesine dayanılarak anayasaya
aykırı bulunduğu Asaduzzaman Siddiqui davası ise bu iddiayı kanıtlar
niteliktedir.
Impact of Non-Performing Loans on Bank Profitability: A Study of Rupali Bank PLC, Bangladesh
Authors:   Department of Finance and Banking, Faculty of Business Studies, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh., Zabin Sakila , Hossain Manik ,   Department of Finance and Banking, Faculty of Business Studies, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh., Sultana Ayrin ,   Department of Finance and Banking, Faculty of Business Studies, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh.
Published: November 2024

In this study, the profitability of Rupali Bank PLC, a state-owned commercial bank in Bangladesh, is examined in relation to non-performing loans (NPLs) during the years 2015–2022. The analysis uses secondary data sourced from the annual reports of Rupali Bank PLC. Linear regression analysis is employed to examine how NPLs impact key profitability indicators, specifically Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). The findings reveal a significant negative correlation between NPLs and profitability, with higher NPL ratios leading to a decline in both ROE and ROA. Specifically, NPLs account for 76.1% of the variation in ROE and 62.8% of the variation in ROA. The study confirms the hypotheses: H1 (NPLs have a significant negative relationship with ROE) and H2 (NPLs have a significant negative relationship with ROA), highlighting the detrimental effect of rising NPL levels on the bank’s profitability. These results suggest that an increase in NPLs severely hampers the bank’s ability to generate profit and affects its overall financial health. The study underscores the importance of effective NPL management for sustaining profitability and ensuring financial stability in the banking sector. The findings have critical implications for policymakers and bank management, suggesting that enhanced credit risk management practices and stronger lending protocols are essential to mitigate the adverse effects of rising NPLs.
Doxorubicin induces DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: Althernantera Brasiliana (L.) Kuntze extract is a cytoprotector?
Authors: Parisi Mariana Migliorini , Fontoura Letícia Berni , Guidugli Luiza de Oliveira , Rodrigues-Conrad Kelly , Mayer Mariana Spanamberg , Grams Kendra Caroline , Miranda Juliana Háas de , Sestari Laura Moura , Severo Andrieli Reis , Nunes Viviane Cecília Kessler , Bortolotto Josiane Woutheres , Bonfanti-Azzolin Gabriela
Published: November 2024

Doxorubicin (DOXO) is a chemotherapeutic agent that exerts cytotoxic effects through oxidative stress. Given the need to neutralize the cellular damage caused by chemotherapy drugs in healthy cells, this study aims to investigate the activity of Althernantera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze against DNA damage induced by DOXO in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). For this purpose, a hydroethanolic extract from flowers and leaves of Althernantera brasiliana (HEAB) containing phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and condensed tannins was prepared. The phytochemicals of EHAB showed a lower IC50 value than ascorbic acid, which was associated with its ability to chelate iron ions. Despite its antioxidant properties, EHAB did not show a protective effect on DOXO-induced DNA damage in PBMCs. In addition, the treatment with DOXO and varying concentrations of EHAB (50 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL) decreased cell viability and increased late apoptosis PBMCs, suggesting a synergistic cytotoxic effect of EHAB when used in combination with DOXO. Therefore, even though EHAB shows antioxidant properties in vitro, it does not appear to be an alternative to protect blood cells from genotoxic effects induced by DOXO.
Synthesis and characterization of nanofibers and nanocrystals of cellulose from Guadua weberbaueri
Authors: Viana Tiago Henrique da Costa , Sena Antonia Eliane Costa , Souza Maurício da Silva , Maia Bruno Roseno de Souza , Fraga Yuri Sotero Bomfim , Nunes Marcelo Ramon da Silva , Murad José Roberto de Lima , Rodriguez Anselmo Fortunato Ruiz
Published: November 2024

The species Guadua weberbaeuri, popularly known as bamboo or taboca, and abundantly located in the region of Acre-Brazil, had its potential application as reinforcement to cementitious composites, in civil construction, explored through characterizations. For this purpose, preliminary steps are carried out, until the preparation of cellulose nanofibers was obtained from the bamboo pseudostem through various processes such as milling, sieving, pre-treatment, bleaching, elimination of hemicellulose and lignin to obtain cellulose, acid hydrolysis of cellulose to obtain crystalline cellulose nanofibers (NCC). The NCC were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric and thermal differential analyses, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, dynamic light scattering and fiber and cellulose contents. The results indicated predominantly crystalline nanomaterials, with thermal stability up to 300 °C, with carbonaceous bonds and an abundance of sodium oxides and silica, indicating a potential for incorporation into cementitious composites. This perspective, to be studied in later stages by the authors, will aim to bring the fields of sustainability, civil construction and nanotechnology closer together.