bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Texto para Discussão 2886
Authors: Conceição Júnia Cristina P. R. da
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar a potencialidade de adoção da tecnologia de sistemas integrados de produção no Brasil. Inicialmente, buscou-se identificar trabalhos que enxergam nessa tecnologia a possibilidade de produzir com respeito ambiental, tendo em vista as exigências interna e externa de produção com sustentabilidade ambiental. O trabalho apresenta uma descrição da distribuição regional dos sistemas integrados no Brasil, isto é, da produção agrícola e da produção pecuária, a partir do índice de quociente locacional, do índice de Gini locacional e do índice de redistribuição da produção. Os resultados encontrados indicam que o Brasil possui produção agrícola e pecuária diversificada, bem como, em alguns casos, com concentração regional. Constatou-se também, pelos estudos desenvolvidos principalmente pela Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), que existe uma diversidade de opções de integração e que algumas têm potencial de desenvolvimento no Brasil. Para ter sucesso na implementação das tecnologias de integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP) e de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (iLPF), o país deve enfrentar alguns desafios, que englobam, principalmente, o fortalecimento do sistema de financiamento para garantir a capacidade de implementação dessas tecnologias pelos produtores e o desenvolvimento de pesquisas para a viabilização das diversas modalidades de integração e assistência técnica que capacitem os agricultores para a adoção dessas tecnologias.
Texto para Discussão 2922
Authors: Tomasiello Diego Bogado , Pereira Rafael H. M. , Nadalin Vanessa Gapriotti
Published: August 2024

O congestionamento é um problema persistente em grandes metrópoles e cada vez mais comum em médias e grandes cidades. Diversas pesquisas analisam os efeitos negativos dos congestionamentos em termos de perda de produtividade econômica, aumento da poluição ambiental, e efeitos negativos sobre a saúde da população. No entanto, menos atenção tem sido dada aos impactos dos congestionamentos sobre a facilidade de a população acessar oportunidades de emprego, e quais os grupos de renda mais afetados. Este estudo estima os impactos do congestionamento no acesso a oportunidades de empregos nas vinte maiores cidades do Brasil, e analisa como eles se distribuem espacialmente e entre pessoas de diferentes níveis de renda. O estudo compara o número de empregos acessíveis por automóvel num intervalo de 15 a 45 minutos de viagem no período do pico da manhã e em fluxo livre com base em informações históricas sobre a velocidade do tráfego a partir de dados de GPS em alta resolução. Os resultados mostram que os municípios de São Paulo (São Paulo), Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro) e Brasília (Distrito Federal) têm os maiores níveis de congestionamento, causando uma redução da quantidade média de empregos acessíveis entre 40,7% e 24,6%. Enquanto isso, os municípios de Goiânia (Goiás), Campo Grande (Mato Grosso do Sul) e São Gonçalo (Rio de Janeiro) são os menos impactados pelos congestionamentos (redução entre 3,2% e 0,6% de acessibilidade). A população de baixa renda tende a ser a mais prejudicada, chegando a ter uma queda de mais de 50,0% da quantidade de empregos acessíveis no período de pico comparado ao fluxo livre. Os resultados do estudo suscitam algumas implicações para políticas públicas para redução das desigualdades dos impactos dos congestionamentos no acesso a oportunidades de emprego, podendo a auxiliar na elaboração/reformulação de planos municipais de mobilidade urbana, moradia e uso do solo.
Texto para Discussão 3019
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Peixoto da , Santos Gesmar Rosa dos , Bastian Lillian
Published: August 2024

O objetivo deste texto para discussão (TD) é analisar as iniciativas estaduais para a agropecuária e organização agrária. São utilizados dados abertos, principalmente dos portais da transparência e consultas em sites de entidades responsáveis ou envolvidas com as políticas. Faz-se a identificação das políticas, planos, programas ou ações em todos os estados, seus objetivos, público-alvo, valores alocados anualmente, inclusive por meio das transferências da União. Os resultados mostram descontinuidades nas iniciativas, falta de clareza nas definições das iniciativas sobre quais são políticas, planos, programas ou projetos e baixa disponibilidade de dados e avaliações. A comparação do nível de alocação de cada estado, bem como das transferências da União, mostra divergências diante das expectativas de equidade no desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar (AF), principalmente. As despesas em relação às variáveis selecionadas (por exemplo, valor da produção, área total e despesas totais do estado) indicam baixa destinação direta para os agricultores e mais em administração; os valores são concentrados no suporte à produção, enquanto a organização agrária e estruturação dos estabelecimentos apresentam valores irrisórios.
How Civil Technology Teachers Teach Woodworking Practical Skills in Schools: A Case of Ekurhuleni East, South Africa
Authors: Msimango Simphiwe Magnificent , Mtshali Thokozani Isaac
Published: August 2024

In this Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) date, Technology Education teachers are exposed to a of variety teaching methods to ensure that they practice teaching practical skills effectively. Thus, Civil Technology teachers may use different methods such as practical demonstration of skills, videos and photos for teaching woodworking practical skills in schools. The goal of this research was to enquire how Civil Technology Teachers teach woodworking practical skills in schools at Ekurhuleni East, South Africa. Purposive sampling was used to identify a total of Nine (9) Civil Technology teachers to participate in this study. Mixed method research was used where semi-structured interviews and explanatory survey research were combined and integrated as a complementary data collection tool. According to the findings of this study, most of the Civil Technology teachers use practical demonstration of skills as a method to teach woodworking skills in schools. This is because practising the skills in front of the students in the workshop will not only benefit the students but will also develop teachers’ effective teaching skills for woodworking practical skills. The study recommended that teaching and learning time allocation for Civil Technology must be increased so that teachers can be able to demonstrate woodworking practical skills and also monitor hands-on activities. This paper will aid Civil Technology teachers in exploring some ways of teaching that can benefit all students regardless of their class differences when teaching woodworking practical courses.

Keywords: Civil Technology, Woodworking, Demonstration, Practical skills, Effective teaching
Temas de igualdad en Adam Smith y sus sucesores. Progreso, improvement y reforma social
Authors: Peart Sandra J. , Levy David M.
Published: August 2024

Para Adam Smith, las personas son intrínsecamente iguales, pero están sujetas a circunstancias desiguales en sus distintos rangos, y acaban cumpliendo funciones distintas en el marco de la división del trabajo. Por esto, para Smith, un mejoramiento (improvement) general de la sociedad debe partir por los rangos más bajos de ella a través de una expansión de la división del trabajo. Esto debería conducir a la erradicación de la pobreza y a un progreso de personas alegres. Una posición similar fue seguida por John Stuart Mill, para quien las personas tenían iguales capacidades y estaban motivadas por la búsqueda del placer y por evitar el dolor. Para Smith y Mill, el mejoramiento era un proceso ascendente en el que los individuos deciden, de manera independiente, qué significa mejorar y buscan formas de conseguirlo. Sin embargo, tanto Smith como Mill se enfrentaban a un contexto intelectual en el que la idea de inferioridad racial o nacional predominaba y en el que el improvement dependía de una supuesta calidad de las personas. El artículo concluye que, para Smith, el mejoramiento no proviene desde afuera. No obstante, en la época, distintos intelectuales y policymakers presuponían la inferioridad natural de determinadas personas y proponían intervenir de manera radical para reconstruir a los ciudadanos, desechando su igualdad natural y dándoles forma desde arriba, incluso desde la eugenesia.
FAIR-EuMon: a FAIR-enabling resource for biodiversity monitoring schemes
Authors: Menger Juliana , Magagna Barbara , Henle Klaus , Harpke Alexander , Frenzel Mark , Rick Johannes , Wiltshire Karen , Grimm-Seyfarth Annegret
Published: August 2024

Within the scope of the Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration (HMC), the ADVANCE project – Advanced metadata standards for biodiversity survey and monitoring data: supporting of research and conservation – aimed at supporting rich metadata generation with interoperable metadata standards and semantic artefacts that facilitate data access, integration and reuse across terrestrial, freshwater and marine realms. HMC's mission is to facilitate the discovery, access, machine-readability, and reuse of research data across and beyond the Helmholtz Association.

We revised, adapted and expanded existing metadata schemas, vocabularies and thesauri to build a FAIR metadata schema and a metadata entry form built on it for users to provide their metadata instances focused on biodiversity monitoring data. The schema is FAIR because it is both machine-interpretable and follows domain-relevant community standards. This report provides a general overview of the project results and instructions on how to access, re-use and complete the metadata form.
Conducting in-reactor studies of objects the length of which exceeds the height of the IVV-2M reactor core
Authors: Russkikh Ivan M. , Seleznev Evgeniy N. , Zyryanova Alexandra A. , Kotelnikov Nikita A. , Tashlykov Oleg L.
Published: August 2024

When solving several research problems, the need arises for reactor testing of non-standard objects. The IVV-2M reactor is a pool, heterogeneous, light-water reactor. The 500 mm-high reactor core comprises six sections of six fuel assemblies (FA) with central water traps and a water trap in the center of the core. The personnel of INM JSC were tasked with testing an object whose length exceeded the height of the IVV-2M reactor core. A non-standard core layout was developed with six sections of seven fuel assemblies to accomplish this task.. The test object is located in the center of the core, surrounded by special aluminum blocks. Several fuel assemblies are installed on special supports, which allow the fuel assemblies to be installed 200 mm higher. Shim rods have been moved to the center of the sections. The safety of the developed arrangement was confirmed by neutron-physical calculations using the certified MCU-PTR software tool. Calculations have shown that the maximum maximum power in the fuel assembly is 236 kW, which is 50% less than the permissible value. To confirm the safety of the layout and ensure the required test conditions, tests of a mock-up of the object were carried out. The efficiency of the control members was experimentally determined. The overall efficiency of the control members was 4.85% ∆k/k, the physical weight of the object was 1.46% ∆k/k. Based on the requirements of the Nuclear Safety Rules for Research Reactors, the test duration is no more than three days. The distribution of neutron flux density over the height of the core was determined using indium neutron activation detectors. The developed design solutions made it possible to form a unique IVV-2M reactor core layout for testing objects exceeding its height.. Neutron-physical calculations and tests of the irradiated device mock-up confirmed the safety and performance of this core arrangement.
Examining the interplay between HPV knowledge and participants’ propensity for vaccination
Authors: Getova-Kolarova Violeta , Zlatareva Albena , Kumanov Ivo
Published: August 2024

This is a national, qualitative and quantitative investigation involving 600 participants which employed interviews and standardized self-administered questionnaires to assess participants’ HPV vaccine knowledge and their inclination to vaccinate. The results of the study underscore the pivotal influence of informed awareness campaigns in shaping vaccination behaviours and stress the imperative of tailored educational strategies to augment vaccine uptake. All respondents shared as a main concern insufficient information about the vaccine and low degree of familiarity. An inquiry into the correlation between having children and HPV vaccine knowledge revealed that individuals with children under 16 years old manifested heightened levels of HPV vaccine knowledge. The outcomes suggest that individuals with young children are more inclined to harbour comprehensive HPV vaccine knowledge.
Computational quest to inhibit enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) enzyme in Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. metabolite via molecular docking and dynamics
Authors: Askar Muhammad
Published: August 2024

This research is a computational exploration to look for natural compounds that can inhibit enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) enzyme from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). One of Indonesia’s native plants that has been reported to inhibit InhA from MTB is the Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr., known to contain various active metabolites. However, the molecular activity of the metabolites has not been determined. The aim of this research is the discovery and testing computationally of the binding of metabolites from Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. The metabolite ligands are obtained from the natural compound database KNApSAcK, and the 3D structure of the receptor is obtained from the PDB website with the code 1BVR. Subsequently, molecular docking is performed using MGL Tools v.1.5.6 and AutoDock Tools v.4.2.3 software. High-performance computers are used for molecular dynamics simulations with the Gromacs 2016.3 software for a duration of 100 nanoseconds (ns). The docking simulation results show that metabolites show a negative binding energy and close to the value of the native ligand. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulation analysis revealed significant stability of the C1436 ((2R,3R)-3-Hydroxy-5,7,4’-trimethoxyflavanone)-InhA complex over 100 nanoseconds. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that from MM-PBSA value compound C1436 showed MMPBSA binding energy −104.995 kJ/mol, closely approaching the value of the native ligand, which is −142.999 kJ/mol. Furthermore, from the molecular dynamics simulation analysis, C1436 compound demonstrates stability very similar to the native ligand, as observed from the RMSD, RMSF, Rg, RDF, SASA, and PCA analysis. In conclusion, the compound from Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. has the potential to serve as a lead compound for inhibiting InhA in MTB.
Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitors and the Risk of Intestinal Behçet Disease
Authors: Murakami Keita , Arai Junya , Ihara Sozaburo , Hirata Yoshihiro , Tsuchida Yumi , Shoda Hirofumi , Tsuboi Mayo , Kurokawa Ken , Suzuki Nobumi , Kinoshita Hiroto , Hayakawa Yoku , Fujio Keishi , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro
Published: August 2024

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and the incidence of intestinal Behçet disease (BD) in patients with BD.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted at The University of Tokyo Hospital, including patients with BD diagnosed between April 2005 and November 2023. Cox models and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to evaluate hazard ratios (HRs) and cumulative incidence of intestinal BD, respectively. Secondary analyses were performed to assess the duration and dose-response relationship of PPI use.

Results

Among 194 patients with BD, 25.3% developed intestinal BD during a mean follow-up of 12 years. PPI users had a significantly higher incidence of intestinal BD compared to nonusers (adjusted HR 2.48, 95% CI 1.38-4.47,P= 0.002), with a confirmed duration/dose-dependent relationship. The cumulative incidence of intestinal BD was markedly elevated in PPI users (log-rankP< 0.001). The result was similar to that in the propensity score–matched cohort.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates a significant association between PPI use and increased incidence of intestinal BD in patients with BD. Caution in prescribing PPIs for patients with BD is warranted due to the potential risk of severe complications associated with intestinal BD.
Quelles sont les motivations des jeunes talents à intégrer un cabinet ? Une analyse des déterminants de l’intention de premier emploi des jeunes diplômés français
Authors: Bellettre Ingrid , Bihr Marie-Hélène , Gonthier-Besacier Nathalie , Fine-Falcy Sandrine
Published: August 2024

L’objectif de cette étude est d’identifier les facteurs qui déterminent l’intention des étudiants d’exercer leur premier emploi en cabinet. Grâce à un modèle d’équations structurelles sur un panel de 273 étudiants français en fin de cursus, représentatif du vivier de recrutement des cabinets français, nous montrons que les étudiants affichent une intention assez marquée d’intégrer un cabinet, bien qu’ils se laissent le temps d’envisager encore d’autres possibilités. En nous appuyant sur la théorie du comportement planifié d’Ajzen (1991), nous révélons que l’intention des étudiants s’explique principalement par les avantages qu’ils associent au poste. Ainsi, la perspective de travailler en cabinet leur semble attractive, notamment en termes d’apprentissage sur le terrain, de bonnes conditions de travail et de missions intéressantes. De plus, même s’ils n’en sous-estiment pas les difficultés, ils sont plutôt confiants dans leur capacité à gérer l’importante charge de travail et le stress qu’ils associent à ce type d’emploi. Enfin, ce ne sont guère les recommandations émises par leur entourage qui influencent leur intention d’intégrer un cabinet. Par ailleurs, nous identifions deux sous-modèles d’intention, caractérisant deux groupes d’étudiants différents. Le premier rassemble les étudiants « déterminés » qui manifestent une forte intention d’intégrer un cabinet, car ils trouvent un tel emploi très attractif. Le second groupe réunit les « indécis », qui expriment une intention plus faible : ils jugent ce type d’emploi moins enthousiasmant, mais pourraient se laisser convaincre en vue d’acquérir en cabinet une expérience intéressante pour leur CV et sont également plus sensibles aux recommandations. Cette recherche constitue la première étude globale portant sur l’intention des étudiants de rejoindre un cabinet à la sortie de leurs études. Les résultats et la discussion font ressortir plusieurs recommandations pour les cabinets, alors qu’ils peinent à attirer les jeunes talents.
« Faire famille » au guichet de l’État civil
Authors: Quintin Suzanne
Published: August 2024

À partir d’une ethnographie comparée du travail des officières d’état civil de deux services municipaux français, l’article cherche à comprendre comment s’établissent les critères de suspicion des publics souhaitant « faire famille » aux yeux de l’État. En 2005 et 2019, deux circulaires d’application relatives à la lutte contre les mariages arrangés et les reconnaissances de filiation frauduleuses ont été élaborées afin de renforcer les mesures de contrôle, notamment à destination des personnes en situation irrégulière ou précaire. Ces directives délèguent aux personnels municipaux du bas de l’échelle la possibilité d’évaluer la crédibilité des couples et des parents qui se présentent au guichet. Mais l’approche intersectionnelle met en évidence la manière dont les critères de suspicion s’actualisent selon le contexte d’interaction. Non seulement l’appréciation des dossiers « douteux » prend appui sur les expériences biographiques des officières d’état civil, leur position sociale de genre, de classe et de race ; mais elle s’opère également à l’échelle des administrations municipales et des éluꞏes qui entretiennent plus ou moins une grille de lecture politique ou gestionnaire des familles.
Faire reconnaître l’homophobie
Authors: Nguyên-Quang Trung
Published: August 2024

À partir des réclamations adressées au Défenseur des droits pour « discrimination à raison de l’orientation sexuelle », cet article s’intéresse aux pratiques discursives de présentation de soi des réclamantꞏes, et à l’impact de ces pratiques sur l’instruction des réclamations par les agentꞏes de l’institution. Adossé à des données quantitatives et qualitatives, l’article montre comment les propriétés sociales des réclamantꞏes – en particulier leurs positions de genre et de race – infléchissent le processus judiciaire de reconnaissance de l’homophobie. L’analyse du récit de l’expérience de l’homophobie montre également que la capacité à formaliser discursivement un acte homophobe pour le faire reconnaître par les catégories du droit se situe tendanciellement dans le haut de l’espace social. La judiciarisation de l’homophobie produit ainsi un sujet de droit sexuel idéal-typique, à la croisée des rapports sociaux de classe, de genre et de race.
Trois couleurs ? Enlightenment Visions of Colours
Authors: Jan Dijksterhuis Fokko
Published: August 2024

Au tournant du XVIII e siècle, le développement de l’impression en couleur s’est fait parallèlement à la compréhension trichromatique du mélange des couleurs par les artistes. À la même époque, la théorie des couleurs de Newton s’est imposée, aussi bien dans les milieux savants qu’artistiques. Les divergences entre les deux théories ont souvent été ignorées ou n’ont pas été reconnues, mais elles sont restées présentes tout au long du siècle des Lumières, ce qui a donné lieu à des idées dispersées sur la question de savoir comment et où les couleurs se mélangent : dans la peinture, sur la toile, dans l’œil. Dans cet article, je soutiens que cette situation est en partie due à un manque de vocabulaire conceptuel pour aborder la question de la perception des couleurs mélangées. Cela est dû au cadre cartésien prédominant de la vision, dans lequel l’œil est un récepteur passif de la lumière matérielle.
Concurrence des figurations de la couleur textile au XVIII e siècle. Autour des toiles indiennes et du manuscrit de Beaulieu (1732)
Authors: Fennetaux Ariane
Published: August 2024

Les historiens des sciences ont montré comment le XVIII e siècle assistait à l’avènement d’une nouvelle compréhension de la teinture qui amorce alors sa transformation d’une pratique empirique à une science fondée sur les principes de la chimie organique. Les toiles indiennes polychromes venues d’Inde dont les couleurs fascinent et interrogent la science et les savoir-faire tinctoriaux européens jouent un rôle complexe dans cet avènement. D’une part, elles suscitent la curiosité et participent d’interrogations renouvelées autour de la solidité chromatique à l’Académie. Mais, dans le même temps, étant sous le coup d’un embargo et de l’interdiction d’être imitées en France entre 1686 et 1759, cet intérêt ne peut que se manifester de manière informelle. Ainsi, alors que s’affirme au cours du siècle une figuration de la teinture textile fondée sur les liaisons chimiques, les toiles indiennes continuent d’opposer une autre appréhension de la couleur, dans laquelle est rendu patent l’ensemble matériel complexe dont elle dépend. Dans cet article, nous nous intéresserons à une série d’observations françaises faites à propos des techniques indiennes entre la fin du XVII e siècle et le milieu du XVIII e siècle et à leurs réactivations successives au moment de la campagne contre l’embargo, voire plusieurs décennies après la levée de celui-ci. Parmi ces observations, un manuscrit échantillonné réalisé à Pondichéry par un capitaine de vaisseau de la Compagnie française des Indes orientales en 1732 joue un rôle particulier. L’histoire de ce manuscrit et de sa longue postérité nous invite à réfléchir à la concurrence de différentes figurations de la couleur textile au XVIII e siècle. Alors que s’affirme une compréhension scientifique – et plus particulièrement physico-chimique – des phénomènes tinctoriaux, les toiles indiennes continuent d’opposer une figuration concurrente de celle-ci où la réussite chromatique est réintégrée à un ensemble matériel complexe dont l’échantillon textile est l’incarnation.
L’énigme justine : voies et voix de l’errance
Authors: Chevalley Leila
Published: August 2024

La geste sororale sadienne relève du laboratoire expérimental : les deux sœurs, Justine et Juliette, sont lancées dans le roman comme la nature lance ses créatures dans le monde, libres de devenir ce qu’elles veulent . L’errance de Justine, (r)attachée à sa féminité comme à une entrave, errance ordinairement perçue comme un piétinement stérile, est entendue comme le lieu d’une taxinomie des passions dont le personnage est la première victime, quand Juliette fait le choix de la prostitution pour inventer une nouvelle femme . Or la mise en liberté romanesque de la femme pose, avec Justine également, la question de l’aventure du féminin. Justine erre en effet à travers la cacophonie des discours du siècle sur le féminin et son aventure consiste peut-être moins à pousser les murs pour fouiller une voie qu’à enfermer ces discours dans une voix singulière, seule à même de les rendre mobiles.
Comment faire (vraiment) participer les publics ?
Authors: Trupia Dilara Vanessa
Published: August 2024

Cet article porte sur une forme spécifique de l’événement qui se développe dans le monde de l’innovation numérique et qui renvoie à une conception particulière de la rencontre et de la coopération comme sources de sérendipité. À travers une étude ethnographique réalisée au sein d’un tiers-lieu, l’article propose d’accéder aux coulisses des événements dits collaboratifs dont le programme et les contenus sont en principe définis par les participants eux-mêmes. En décrivant les enjeux de traduction et les opérations de cadrage réalisés par les permanents de ce lieu, il montre que ces événements, qui reposent sur le travail des publics, sont aussi ceux qui nécessitent le plus d’être cadrés en amont. En déplaçant ensuite la focale sur la scène des événements, l’article met en évidence la particularité du cadrage que les événements exercent à leur tour sur les interactions, celle de comporter en germe les possibilités de son propre « débordement ».
Optimal drilling efforts and industry structure
Authors: Feichtinger Gustav , Lambertini Luca , Leitmann George , Wrzaczek Stefan
Published: August 2024

We consider a resource extraction model with the possibility of extending the resource stock by drilling efforts and an oligopolistic competition of symmetric firms. Assuming a hyperbolic market demand, we adopt the open-loop Nash equilibrium to analyze and compare the outcomes of a private vs a common resource pool. For both cases, the drilling efforts of the individual firms strongly depend on the market structure. For a low competition, the efforts increase the number of firms, and the opposite is true for a high competition. On the other hand, aggregate drilling efforts are different among the two types of pools and are opposite to Schumpeterian's hypothesis (i.e., they are either an inverted U-shaped (private pools) or strictly increasing (single pools)).
Comparative analysis of sterile mosquito release strategies based on a population suppression model
Authors: Liu Shouzong , Xu Yang , Huang Mingzhan
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we proposed a model for suppressing mosquito populations, evaluating various release strategies for sterilized mosquitoes, including constant continuous release, open-loop control, closed-loop control, and composite control strategies. We established release amount thresholds for each strategy to ensure the ultimate extinction of the wild population. Through numerical simulations, we validated our theoretical results and assessed the efficacy of each strategy. The results indicated that the closed-loop control mechanism significantly enhanced population suppression effectiveness. Higher intensity control notably shortened the control duration, and strategies that incorporated shorter release periods and more frequent population assessments markedly reduced the cumulative release quantity. Furthermore, we found that, compared to closed-loop control, the composite control strategy reduced single release amounts but did not show advantages in other aspects at low control intensities. However, it significantly decreased the cumulative release quantity at high control intensities.
The Effect of ChatGPT on Education in the UAE
Authors: Alnahhal Mohammed , Alali Hamda , Alshamsi Reema
Published: August 2024

This study examines the impact of ChatGPT on undergraduate students’ learning. The study utilizes a survey to gather authentic data from a sample of 316 bachelor students from 15 universities across the UAE. The survey comprises 22 dimensions categorized into four constructs related to ChatGPT usage, benefits, drawbacks, and the types of questions ChatGPT can address. A statistical analysis was conducted to explore three primary hypotheses. The analysis involved using Excel and R software to perform one-sample t-tests, two-sample t-tests, ANOVA, and correlation. The findings indicate that students’ use of ChatGPT for various assignments is still infrequent, despite their familiarity with it. This suggests that educators have not yet integrated ChatGPT into assignments and view it more as a threat than an opportunity. Students acknowledge both the advantages and disadvantages of ChatGPT. However, students in medical fields expressed more criticism towards ChatGPT compared to students in engineering, computer science, and business disciplines. Additionally, male and female students hold similar perceptions, except for two dimensions. The results also suggest that educators should pose questions that necessitate personal arguments, experiences, and critical thinking to deter academic dishonesty.
A Textual Content Analysis Model for Aligning Job Market Demands and University Curricula through Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Januzaj Ylber A. , Sylqa Driton , Luma Artan , Gashi Luan
Published: August 2024

Addressing the growing disparity between job market demands and the availability of skilled workers, particularly in the technology sector, is a critical challenge in numerous countries. This study introduces a model that assesses the alignment between job market requirements and university curricula, primarily through textual content analysis. Initially, this research illustrates the operational framework of the model through graphical representation. Subsequently, the proposed techniques vital to the functionality of this model are delineated. Specifically, the integration of data mining techniques is employed for the automated extraction of relevant information from both labor market demands and university curricula. An integral aspect of this study involves outlining the methodology for creating the dataset. This phase is essential as it lays the groundwork for further stages, notably the implementation of code to generate comprehensive results. The findings of this study reveal significant insights into the alignment between job market demands and university curricula. Through textual content analysis and data mining techniques, patterns and discrepancies between the two domains are identified, shedding light on areas for improvement in educational provision. Conclusions drawn from this research underscore the importance of bridging the gap between workforce requirements and educational provisions. By leveraging data-driven approaches, educators and policymakers can make informed decisions to enhance curriculum development and better prepare students for the demands of the job market. The impact of this research extends to both academia and industry, offering actionable insights for curriculum alignment and workforce readiness initiatives. Ultimately, this model contributes to the advancement of educational practices and the enhancement of workforce productivity in response to evolving industry needs.
Integrating Machine Learning-IoT Technologies Integration for Building Sustainable Digital Ecosystems
Authors: Revathi S. , Ansari Afroze , Susmi S. Jacophine , Madhavi M. , M. A. Gunavathie , Sudhakar M.
Published: August 2024

The integration of ML, IoT, and NSA promotes significant opportunities for promoting sustainability in various industries. Actionable insights, while IoT devices collect data for real-time monitoring and control of environmental parameters, have been provided by ML algorithms that analyze vast datasets. IoT deployments improve resource efficiency and resilience, while the NSA dynamically allocates network resources based on application requirements. These architectures prioritize traffic, optimize bandwidth, and ensure QoS to facilitate IoT and ML applications due to minimizing energy consumption and carbon emissions. However, challenges (data security, interoperability, and ethical) have been considered to persist, necessitating holistic sustainability approaches. Network slicing architectures provide a flexible network architecture for the efficient coexistence of diverse services and applications on a shared infrastructure.
Design and Modeling of an AI-Powered Industrial Maximum Demand Controller With Web Service Interface
Authors: Buhari Abudhahir , Hajamydeen Asif Iqbal , Nyamasvisva Tadiwa Elisha , Salome Selvi
Published: August 2024

Industrial facilities face challenges in managing energy consumption and minimizing peak demand charges. Managing maximum demand is a critical aspect of energy management in industrial facilities. The proposed MDC is based on a predictive analysis method using time-series models such as long short-term memory (LSTM) and XGBoost. However, this chapter also discusses the pros and cons of TCN and k-NN model oriented models. Further, this chapter discusses development and implementation of the proposed MDC as a web service. Finally, development of a user-friendly web interface for dataset uploads, system configuration, and alerts are explored.
Green Transformational Leadership
Authors: Afsharbakeshlo Zeinab , Omidvar Mohammadsadegh , Gigauri Iza
Published: August 2024

Along with environmental concerns and sustainability trends, green transformational leadership (GTL) has gained the attention of scholars and practitioners. In response to the increasing environmental challenges, the need for companies to adopt responsibility strategies and management systems is growing. Therefore, this chapter presents a comprehensive and integrated review of research on GTL. A systematic literature review explores various definitions and theories of GTL, explains its behavioral, attitudinal, and performance outcomes, and illuminates the future of green transformational leadership. The conducted analysis covers all the relevant works indexed in the Scopus and Google Scholar databases throughout the period from 2013 to 2023. The research results demonstrate an emergent interest in GTL. The research contributes to leadership and sustainability literature by completing the theory of green transformational leadership. It provides a practical implication to introduce green transformational leadership in organizations to respond to environmental challenges effectively.
ANÁLISE DE SENSIBILIDADE DE VIGAS MISTAS DE AÇO E CONCRETO SUBMETIDAS A MOMENTO FLETOR NEGATIVO PARA MODELOS CONSTITUTIVOS DO AÇO
Authors: Branjão Zonta Juliano , Ferreira Felipe Piana Vendramell , Rossi Alexandre
Published: August 2024

As vigas mistas de aço e concreto são uma eficiente solução estrutural para edifícios de múltiplos pavimentos, ao reduzir altura e peso próprio da edificação. Atualmente grande parte das pesquisas nessa área se utilizam da modelagem numérica como forma de aprimorar o conhecimento sobre o tema. Entretanto, há uma lacuna na análise de sensibilidade para diferentes modelos constitutivos do aço do perfil estrutural. Este trabalho visa explorar a capacidade preditiva de quatro modelos constitutivos para o aço do perfil estrutural das vigas mistas. Os modelos serão avaliados por meio de simulações numéricas no programa ABAQUS® considerando ensaios experimentais. Concluiu-se que os modelos constitutivos avaliados apresentaram uma boa capacidade preditiva do comportamento real da estrutural.
Healthcare services during an economic crisis: A medical student’s perspective
Authors: Keragala Sachith
Published: August 2024

No abstract available
Preclinical Dental Undergraduates’ Experience and Attitudes regarding Cadaver Dissections
Authors: Peiris R. D. , Samarasekara T. A. , Punchihewa O. R. , Ghani N. B. , Bannehaka S. K. , Nanayakkara C. D.
Published: August 2024

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the experience and attitudes of preclinical dental undergraduates regarding cadaver dissection at the Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.Methodology: Two hundred and forty, first, second and third-year preclinical students participated. A structured and open-ended questionnaire containing 28 items was distributed after obtaining informed consent. Ethics approval from the Ethics Review Committee of the Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya was obtained. Data was analysed using (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) SPSS version 29.Results: In our study, 28.2% of the total student sample of 240 reported being emotionally shocked when observing dead bodies or cadavers for the first time. Of them, the majority were female (35.5%) in comparison with males (11.3%) and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.01). The commonest symptom was sweating (15.5%) followed by dizziness (13.8%) and nausea (12.6%). The smell (43.7%) was the most common reason for the symptoms, followed by sight (9.2%) and touch (6.9%). However, 47.7% of students reported no symptoms on first entry into the dissecting room. Most of the students used relaxation (25.3%) as the coping mechanism to counter the symptoms, followed by focusing on the task (20.7%).Conclusion: Emotional shock and related symptoms experienced by the students during dissection vary according to gender and cultural background. The use of more than one coping mechanism is greatly helpful for students to counteract the situation.
A multistate survival model in rectal cancer surgery research for locally advanced patients
Authors: Shahabi Fatemeh , Abdollahi Abbas , Rasouli Mahboobeh
Published: August 2024

Background:

One of the most appropriate methods for analyzing longitudinal data is multistate model. This study has aimed to evaluate the risk factors of transfer to local recurrence (LR), distant metastasis (DM), and death in rectal cancer patients through multistate survival analysis.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective cohort of rectal cancer patients in Mashhad, Iran. Multistate models were applied to show the difference between the significant risk factors affecting death and recurrence in different defined transitions. Risk factors include age, sex, primary surgical technique, tumor location, postoperative tumor stage, circumferential or distal resection involvement, surgery time, and surgical complications.

Results:

A total of 280 eligible patients with a median (interquartile range) survival time of 60 (42-76.2) months were investigated. Based on Cox proportional multistate model, the hazard ratio (HR) of DM increases by 3%/1-year increase in age (P = 0.018). The HR of DM and the HR of LR in patients with postoperative disease Stage II/III were 3.06 and 2.53 times higher than patients with cancer Stage 0/I (P < 0.05). When the resection margins of distal or circumferential were involved, the HR of DM was 3.58 times higher than those patients without involvement. In the extended multistate model, time of DM was a significant predictor of death (P = 0.006).

Conclusion:

Age and margin involvement in DM path and stage in LR and DM path had a significant effect; however, no effective variable was seen on the death of patients with recurrence. The time of metastasis also had an effect on the path of death.
Model-Based State-of-Charge Estimation of 28 V LiFePO
4

Aircraft Battery
Authors: Gao Yizhao , Nguyen Trung , Onori Simona
Published: August 2024

This article introduces an advanced state-of-charge (SOC) estimation method
customized for 28 V LiFePO4 (LFP) helicopter batteries. The battery
usage profile is characterized by four consecutive current pulses, each
corresponding to distinct operational phases on the helicopter: instrument
check, key-on, recharge, and emergency power output stages. To establish a
precise battery model for LFP cells, the parameters of a second-order
equivalent-circuit model are identified as a function of C-rate, SOC, and
temperature. Furthermore, the observability of the battery model is assessed
using extended Lie derivatives. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the
open-circuit voltage (OCV)–SOC relation is analyzed and employed to evaluate the
estimator’s resilience against OCV flatness. The extended Kalman filter (EKF)
and the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) are utilized for SOC estimation. The
results emphasize the significance of meticulously choosing process and sensor
noise covariance matrices to achieve a resilient SOC estimator for LFP cells.
Furthermore, the UKF demonstrates superior robustness against OCV–SOC
relationships compared to the EKF. Lastly, the UKF is selected for testing
across various aircraft usage scenarios at 10°C, 25°C, and 45°C. The resultant
root mean square errors for SOC estimation at these different temperatures are
consistently below 2%, thereby validating the effectiveness of the UKF SOC
estimation approach.
Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Training of Surgical Resident Doctors at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Ademusire Babatunde Isaac , Adeyemi Anuoluwapo Victor , Adefarati Opeoluwa Samuel , Alonge Aishat Temitope , Ibrahim Gladys Zugwai , Oyebanji Toluwanimi , Eseile Ideyonbe Samuel , Afolabi Adefemi Oladiran
Published: August 2024

Background: Studies in many countries have reported that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted surgical  residency training. While a few qualitative studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of this disruption in Nigeria, a country  with a small surgical workforce, no known quantitative research has assessed the effect of the pandemic on surgical residency training in  the country. We, therefore, conducted this study to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on the training of resident doctors in surgical  specialties at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, using quantitative indicators.
Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to surgical resident doctors across different subspecialties at UCH, Ibadan. Data were  analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi-squared test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and logistic regression.
Results: A total of 87 surgical  trainees (response rate, 89.7%) participated in the survey. Some surgical trainees reported an increase in overall working hours (28.6%)  and the frequency of weekend calls (9.5%). Only 22.4% continued to work in their primary subspecialty. In comparison with the pre- pandemic period, there was a significant reduction (% deviation in mean±standard deviation; p value) in the time, hours per week, spent  in the outpatient clinic (−38±31; p < 0.001), on ward rounds (−25±96; p < 0.001), and in the theater (−35±87; p < 0.001), and major surgeries  performed (−48±55; p < 0.001) at the height of the pandemic. Senior surgical trainees were half as likely as junior trainees to  feel that the pandemic would cause an extension in the normal duration of their training (adjusted odds ratio, 0.64; confidence interval,  0.20– 2.01; p = 0.444).
Conclusion: The pandemic caused a reduction in work hours spent performing subspecialty duties and the  procedures performed by surgical trainees at UCH, Ibadan. Hospitals should develop strategies to minimize disruptions to surgical  residency training programs during pandemics and other healthcare crises.
Agro-pedological impacts of different crop rotations on a ferric acrisol in Burkina Faso
Authors: Bouinzemwende Pouya Mathias , Gnankambary Zacharia , Kiba Innocent Delwende , Zongo Nongma , Sedogo Michel
Published: August 2024

Low crop yields are often explained by unfavourable rainfall conditions, the natural poverty of the soil in terms of nutrients and the low  use of fertilisers. In order to find appropriate solutions for the sustainable management of soil fertility, a study was carried out on the  Fertility Maintenance Trial (FTM), an experimental system established in 1960 in central western Burkina Faso, where organic and/or  mineral fertilisation regimes combined with crop rotations have been tested. The approach of this study consisted of a synthesis of  existing agronomic data from 2011-2019 on the three (03) crop rotations. Soil samples were taken from a depth of 0-20 cm for physico- chemical analysis. We also measured yields on the cotton and sorghum plots during the 2018 and 2019 seasons. The results show that  yield variability can be attributed not only to fertilisation, but also to crop rotations and the annual rainfall recorded over the period. The  sorghum-cotton and sorghum-cowpea rotations produced the highest average sorghum yields, at 547 kg.ha-1 and 642 kg.ha-1 respectively. Sorghum monoculture recorded the lowest sorghum production. Chemical analyses revealed higher phosphorus use in the  sorghumcowpea rotation compared with the other rotations. The study of cropping system efficiency also revealed the role of legumes in  crop rotations in maintaining and preserving soil fertility. In addition, we can be recommending integrated soil fertility management  (organic and mineral fertilisation, crop rotations, etc.) for sustainable management of productive capital on cotton farms in Burkina Faso.