bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ КИТАЮ В ГЛОБАЛЬНОМУ ТОРГОВЕЛЬНО- ЕКОНОМІЧНОМУ СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВІ
Authors: Redziuk Yevhenii
Published: November 2019

Економічний та інвестиційний потенціал Китаю зростає системно і цілеспрямовано, незважаючи на сучасні торговельно-економічні конфлікти і неузгодженості, особливо зі своїм геополітичним конкурентом США. Унікальна конкурентоспроможність, збалансованість і стійкість економіки Китаю під час глобальних трансформацій не випадкова. Державне управління інвестиціями і фінансовими потоками в цій країні зосереджено, в першу чергу, на якісне вкладення коштів в реальний сектор економіки. Ці процеси перебувають під впливом урядових програм і регулятивних інструментів, фокусують їх на найбільш ефективні напрямки інноваційного, промислового та інфраструктурного розвитку Китаю. Так, згідно з введеною в Китаї державно-приватної моделі партнерства, міжнародні потоки капіталу спрямовуються на реалізацію інвестиційних проектів з найбільш високою рентабельністю. Як показує економічна статистика - інвестиції в Китай мають стабільні зростаючі потоки. При цьому Китай має специфічні протекціоністські умови для їх освоєння, але з огляду на значний зростаючий ринок китайських споживачів, це істотно заохочує іноземних інвесторів вкладати кошти в економіку Китаю. На зовнішніх ринках Китай продовжує утримувати позиції серед найбільших експортерів капіталу, при цьому чітко реалізуючи свої національні інтереси. Характеризуючи інвестиційні стратегії КНР за останній період, можна простежити зростаючі експансіоністські підходи до проведення інвестиційної політики, розпочатої в ході економічних реформ з 1979 року і до сих пір, що передбачає реалізацію тактики дрібних кроків з метою масштабного захоплення сировинних ринків, необхідних для подальшого зростання національної економіки КНР. В сучасних глобальних фінансово-економічних відносинах Китай поступово стає лідером з інвестування в різні регіони світу, активізує інфраструктурно-торговельні шляхи і є домінантним геополітичним гравцем світу.  У контексті вищесказаного Україна може приєднатися до міжнародних існуючих і перспективних інвестиційно-інфраструктурних проектів Китаю, або залучити інвестиційні кошти на розвиток під більш низькі процентні ставки, використовуючи співпрацю з китайськими партнерами. У сучасному глобалізованому світі активно формуються нові торгові шляхи і ланцюжки доданої вартості, тому Україні потрібно інтегруватися в ці нові інфраструктурно-торговельні канали. За прикладом Китаю доцільно вибирати такі інфраструктурні проекти, які потім акумулювали б більш високу додану вартість і формували б експорт орієнтований дохід з різних регіонів світу.
ІННОВАЦІЇ ЯК РУШІЙНА СИЛА СПОЖИВЧОГО СЕКТОРУ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Loiko Daria
Published: November 2019

Споживчий сектор економіки є неоднорідним за своїм складом і включає в себе  як споживання промислових і непромислових товарів, так і споживання різних видів послуг. За результатами проведеного аналізу зроблено висновок про згортання екстенсивного розвитку споживчого сектору економіки України. Кількість працівників, зайнятих на різних підприємствах споживчого сектору за останні сім років зменшилась на 21,42 %. Зростає важливість розвитку споживчого сектору економіки  за рахунок інноваційних чинників. Останні десятиріччя характеризуються тенденцією до динамічних змін споживчих уподобань населення. Споживчий сектор  можна вважати індикатором соціально-економічної ефективності інноваційної діяльності підприємств. Питома вага інноваційно активних вітчизняних промислових підприємств склала у 2018 р. 16,1% від їх загальної кількості. Питома вага підприємств, що впроваджували інновації у 2018 р. склала 14,1 % від загальної кількості підприємств і за період  2013-2018 рр. знизилась на 3,67 %. Низький рівень питомої ваги інноваційно активних підприємств є негативним чинником розвитку вітчизняної економіки. Активність українських новаторів за період 2014-2018 рр. зросла за кількістю поданих заявок на реєстрацію прав промислової власності  на 24,09 %. Збільшилася кількість заявок за напрямом «Інші споживчі товари» (+35,6 % ). Зважаючи на пріоритетність витрат вітчизняних домогосподарств на продукти харчування та одяг і взуття доцільно стимулювати розвиток інновацій на підприємствах харчової та легкої промисловості. Темпи виробництва продукції у текстильному, швейному та шкіряному виробництвах України зростали в період 2014, 2016-2017 рр., і знижувалися у 2015 р. та 2018 р. Змінюються технології, які використовуються для виготовлення одягу. Використовуються цифрові технології віртуальних моделей одягу, технології 3D-друку моделей одягу і взуття. Це дозволяє задовільнити зростаючі вимоги споживацького попиту та економічно раціонально використовувати матеріальні та трудові резерви виробництва.
Prague: The National Perception of the Area
Authors: Soukopová Blanka
Published: November 2019

The author analyzes the space of Prague presenting national perception of the city. It was registered as a UNESCO world heritage site. The author shows the process of changing Prague into a national symbol of Czechness. However, national movement increased national divisions between Czechs and German: in the 1880s separate promenades, coffee shops, and a university were established. During the First Czechoslovak Republic, the capital is mapped primarily in reference to the tradition of Charles IV and the Hussite movement. However, this tradition was modernized: Prague Castle as the seat of President T. G. Masaryk became the most important place in Prague. During Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, places associated with the Hussite tradition were “erased,” but the symbolism of medieval Prince Václav (Wenceslas) was made into a symbol of Czech loyalty toward the Germans. Next phase of manipulation occurred when communist took power. National traditions no longer have an integrating and rallying function today.
Points of View and the Daily Press at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Centuries
Authors: Pietrzak Przemysław
Published: November 2019

The following article concerns the issue of point of view in Polish daily newspapers at the end of the 19th century. The daily is considered here as a coherent and cogent literary work based on fictional as well as non-fictional genres and their specific layout. The author proves that what makes the press characteristic in terms of points of view is not so much the introduction of a new, individual voice but rather the introduction of a collective perspective in several variants. Literary fictional genres serve as an instrument of the counterpoint in that they provide an individual position, usually one that is opposed to what one can read in the feature sections.
The Point of View (in Four Ways)
Authors: Mitosek Zofia
Published: November 2019

The article aims to analyse four important point of view novels, namely Henry James’ The Ambassadors, Zasypie wszystko, zawieje [Everything Will Be Covered by the Snow] by Włodzimierz Odojewski, The Flanders Road by Claude Simon, and Morfina [Morphine] by Szczepan Twardoch. The notion of point of view serves as a starting point for considering the epistemological aspects of the novel and for tracing its evolution. James, both in his theory and novelistic practice, uses the point of view to make the character’s consciousness the main theme of his novels. Odojewski employs internal monologue to render the characters’ perspective, while Simon combines internal monologue with other voices. Finally, Twardoch’s novel can be interpreted as a parody of the point of view technique.
ENTELLEKTÜEL SERMAYE UNSURLARININ KARLILIK ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: DALOĞLU Pınar
Published: November 2019

İşletme sahipleri tarafından yatırılan sermaye ile
işletmecilik faaliyetleri, bu faaliyetler sonucunda ise işletme varlıkları
yaratılmaktadır. İşletme varlıkları denilince ilk olarak, somut olarak
gözlemlenebilen ve değeri piyasalarda ölçülebilen, maddi varlıklar akla
gelmektedir. Küreselleşme ile sertleşen rekabet koşullarına ayak uydurabilmek
için, uzmanlaşma, bilgi, teknolojik üstünlük, patent ve marka hakları gibi
finansal tablolarda görünmeyen ve daha çok soyut biçimde olan,  entellektüel varlıklara ihtiyaç artmıştır.
Dolayısı ile şirketlerin finansal tablolara yansıtılamayan fakat artık
yadsınamayacak büyüklüğe ulaşan değerlerinin temelini de bu varlıklar
oluşturmaya başlamıştır. Entelektüel varlıkların öneminin artması, işletmenin
değerine yaptığı katkıyı da arttırmaktadır. Bugün bir şirketin değeri sadece
bilançoda görünen net varlıklarının piyasa değeri ile ölçülemeyecek durumdadır.
Diğer taraftan entelektüel varlıklar, tıpkı somut varlıkları gibi, işletmelerin
kar yaratma potansiyelini etkileyecektir. Bu potansiyeli ortaya koyabilmek
adına, çalışmada, entellektüel sermaye ile firma karlılığı arasındaki ilişki araştırılmaktadır.
Entelektüel varlıkların, Borsa İstanbul'da işlem gören holdingler için kar
yaratma potansiyeli incelenmektedir. Bu amaç ile holdinglerin 2016 yılına ait
finansal verilerinden faydalanılmaktadır.
Recovering fibers from fine-prescreening reject at deinking mills
Authors: MÄKINEN LIISA , KÖRKKÖ MIKA , ÄMMÄLÄ ARI , HAAPALA ANTTI , SUOPAJÄRVI TERHI , NIINIMÄKI JOUKO
Published: November 2019

The yield of recycled paper production can be as low as 75%. The reject losses at deinked pulp mills are high compared to the small amount of ink applied to paper during printing. Thus, plenty of sufficiently clean fibers, fiber fines, and fillers are also rejected. This study provided proof of concept for recovery of long fibers from fine-prescreening rejects that contain a considerable amount of contaminants, such as stickies and dirt specks. The recovery of long fibers was studied by means of laboratory flotation experiments for untreated (fine-prescreening reject without dispersing) and dispersed (fine-prescreening reject after low-consistency dispersing) rejects. The pos¬sibility of recycling dispersed fine-prescreening rejects directly back into the preflotation feed also was considered; however, this technique was found to be unworkable. Instead, these results showed that low-consistency dispersion before flotation enabled a high level of contaminant removal at the separate flotation unit. Thus, there seems to be an opportunity to purify fine-prescreening rejects to a level that enabled reuse of the long-fiber fraction without degrading the quality of the end product.
Modeling fine particles and alkali metal compound behavior in a kraft recovery boiler
Authors: LEPPÄNEN AINO , VÄLIMÄKI ERKKI , OKSANEN ANTTI
Published: November 2019

Under certain conditions, ash in black liquor forms a locally corrosive environment in a kraft recovery boiler. The ash also might cause efficiency losses and even boiler shutdown because of plugging of the flue gas passages. The most troublesome compounds in a fuel such as black liquor are potassium and chlorine because they change the melting behavior of the ash. Fouling and corrosion of the kraft recovery boiler have been researched extensively, but few computational models have been developed to deal with the subject. This report describes a computational fluid dynamics-based method for modeling the reactions between alkali metal compounds and for the formation of fine fume particles in a kraft recovery boiler furnace. The modeling method is developed from ANSYS/FLUENT software and its Fine Particle Model extension. We used the method to examine gaseous alkali metal compound and fine fume particle distributions in a kraft recovery boiler furnace. The effect of temperature and the boiler design on these variables, for example, can be predicted with the model. We also present some preliminary results obtained with the model. When the model is developed further, it can be extended to the superheater area of the kraft recovery boiler. This will give new insight into the variables that increase or decrease fouling and corrosion
Increasing lime production while decreasing kiln pluggage through installation of the first LimeFlash lime kiln feed system in North America
Authors: HART PETER W. , COLSON GARY W. , CLAPPER MICHAEL H. , POLLET BRANDON M. , DOUGHTY WILLIAM K.
Published: November 2019

The Evadale, TX, USA, mill recently engaged in a major lime kiln and recausticizing upgrade. The centerpiece of the project was to upgrade the existing lime kiln feed system to a new LimeFlash feed system, a trademarked technology from Andritz. The feed system in Evadale is the first installation in North America of this technology, and the second installation in the world. The feed system increased the capacity of the lime mud dryer (LMD) fed kiln from 350 tons/day of lime product to 480 tons/day of kiln product, with less than 3% carbonate. The system mixes hot flue gasses with the lime mud before the gas enters the feed end housing, which allows the kiln to operate at a higher feed end temperature without plugging and lime splitting. In startup and low capacity situations, lime mud is fed directly into the kiln rotating part, which eliminates potential plugging problems. Startup and operational experience, along with selected environmental performance, is reviewed.
GAMBARAN POLA MAKAN TERHADAP STATUS GIZI SISWA DI SD PUTRA INDONESIA SURABAYA
Authors: Sunaryo Merry
Published: November 2019

Nutrition problems faced by the Indonesian nation has become more complete with many nutritional problems in children. Basic Health Research Data (RISKESDAS) in 2010 shows that Indonesia nutritional status of children aged 6-18 years as much as 35.4% is very short, as many as 66.6% are classified as short, as many as 4.6% are very thin as 9.1%, As much as 22.1% and as much as 13.1% belong to the fat. This research is an observational research and descriptive research with cross sectional design and by using quantitative approach. The sample in this research is the students of grade 4, 5, and 6 SD Putra Indonesia. The number of samples is 93 students which the total sampling method, the use of this method because the population number is not more than 100 people. The results obtained most of the diet respondents in general that most do not do breakfast, do not bring food supplies to school and like snack at school. Based on the results of assessment of nutritional status obtained information that the nutritional status of respondents based on BMI assessment If the calculated number of students with abnormal weight that is equal to 58.1%. Participants who had BMI assessment with normal weight category were 39 people (41.9%). Therefore, it is known that most students have an abnormal BMI. Generally, it takes considerable extra attention for parents and teachers to be able to monitor children in the intake of nutrition and healthy eating patterns. In order to improve the nutritional status of children who are now in its infancy.
PERSPEKTIF KARYAWAN TERHADAP NILAI DASAR ISTAWA DI RUMAH SAKIT MUHAMMADIYAH LAMONGAN
Authors: Nuriyati Nuriyati
Published: November 2019

Human resources are the most important part of the hospital. Lamongan Muhammadiyah Hospital makes an organizational culture which called ISTAWA as the foundation of employees in serving patients. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge and understanding of employees to the core value of ISTAWA at Lamongan Muhammadiyah Hospital. This survey conducted from August to November 2016 and involved 84 employees of Lamongan Muhammadiyah Hospital. Research instrument through questionnaire. Data analysis was done descriptively. This study shows that most (67%) of employees do not know the core value of ISTAWA. Information about the value obtained by employees from direct supervisors (76%), regular unit meetings (10%), SDI 7%, and Director (7%). Understanding the meaning to the value of ISTAWA from employees of Lamongan Muhammadiyah Hospital which is the highest lies in the aspect of sincerity. This research recommends that the management of Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Lamongan make socialization program and internalization of core value of ISTAWA to all employees so that the value can be an organizational culture that is implemented in every services to patient.
ANALISIS KEPUASAN PASIEN DARI ASPEK PROSEDUR PELAYANAN BPJS KESEHATAN TINGKAT LANJUTAN DI POLI PENYAKIT DALAM RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM SURABAYA JEMURSARI
Authors: Lianti Siti Nurjanah Siska , Hanik Umi
Published: November 2019

The implementation of health sevices are still found many shortcomings, although service procedures have been providing but in fact service in the hospital to patient BPJS Kesehatan is not appropriate with exiting services procedures. The main aim of the study was to analyze of patient satisfaction about of service procedures BPJS Kesehatan advanced level in poli penyakit dalam hospital islamic surabaya jemursari. The design of this was analytical deskriptif method. The population in this study were 93 patients in Poli Penyakit Dalam Hospital Islamic Surabaya Jemursari. Tehnique of sampling using Accidental Sampling. The data were collected fromquestionnaires, and processed by SPSS program. The results of this study, showed that 76 respondents most (55.3%) explain to satisfaction about of service procedures BPJS Kesehatan advanced level in poli penyakit dalam hospital islamic surabaya jemursari, while explain to not satisfied about of service procedures BPJS Kesehatan. Based on the test resulth obtained statistically there is significant about of service procedures BPJS Kesehatan which are given effect to patientsatisfaction. From the result of this study, it is recommended tha the health workers continue to increase service procedures BPJS Kesehatan and the BPJS workers to simplify about of service procedures has ben set. And recommended for society continue to increase the confidence towards health care workers and immadiate clarification that is no yet clear.
Messages Communication in the Al-Qur’an (Study of Messages in the Al-Qur'an for Believers)
Authors: Hasbullah Hasbullah , Muntasir Muntasir , Bahri Saiful , Zahara Riska , Zulfia Zulfia
Published: November 2019

Not all of the verses in the Al-Quran that are historical and normative can be understood only textually, because many of the verses in the Al-Quran still have broad (universal) meanings and need to be interpreted deeper, so that a law or wisdom that can be understood and practiced by all humans in general and Muslims in particular. From the peel of this verse several conclusions can be drawn, including namely; Al-Quran is the source of Islamic communication. Because all the elements of Islamic communication are contained in the Al-Quran, among these elements are misage or message. There are so many terms in the Al-Quran that relate to misage of communication. Among them as contained in Surat At-Tahrim verse 6; where the message of Islamic communication in the verse is, Allah reminds the believers to protect themselves, their families from the fires of hell. In addition, the message of Islamic communication contained in Surat Al-Baqarah verse 208; the Al-Quran orders every believer to practice the teachings of Islam perfectly. In other words, Muslims must apply Islamic law in every aspect of their lives.
Construction of Religious Identity in Pakpak Culture Community in Dairi District
Authors: Angkat Maimanah , Katimin Katimin , Nur Anwarsyah
Published: November 2019

the aims of the study is to find out the construction of religious identity in pakpak culture community in Dairi district. The result of the study shows that there are three variations of dependence of Pakpak religion / belief and culture acculturation on other religions and cultures, the first group, traditional groups, in this group Pakpak's identity is still maintained and is dominated by parents and village communities who live far from pluralism occupation culture. Second, the bicultural group, this group is dominated by the Pakpak people who live in urban areas and who have received an established education, the behavior of this group is still thick with its Pakpak identity but has accepted differences with other religions and cultures. The three modern groups, in this group are dominated by Pakpak people who have long migrated to other areas and their Pakpak identity has changed. Of these three groups, the level of open personality was found to be very prominent for adolescents who became embryos of the development of Pakpak culture, such as the formation of identity, and interacting with peers.
Developing A Superior Business Strategy Through Industrial Environment And Resources In Manufacturing Smes In West Java Province
Authors: Agustina Kania , Karyono Otong
Published: November 2019

Developing a superior business strategy in manufacturing Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) or Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)is an important and fundamental instrument in answering the existing high competitiveness challenge. One of which is by implementing a business strategy that is adjusted tothe resources provision and the aspect of industrial environment to realise the superior business strategy. This research is a quantitative research with the analysis technique used is path analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the implementation of the business strategy is highly influenced by the industrial environmental factor and the resources provision owned by the manufacturing SMEs.
Quantification of Information Exchange in Idealized and Climate System Applications
Authors: Pothapakula Praveen Kumar , Primo Cristina , Ahrens Bodo
Published: November 2019

Often in climate system studies, linear and symmetric statistical measures are applied to quantify interactions among subsystems or variables. However, they do not allow identification of the driving and responding subsystems. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to apply asymmetric measures from information theory: the axiomatically proposed transfer entropy and the first principle-based information flow to detect and quantify climate interactions. As their estimations are challenging, we initially tested nonparametric estimators like transfer entropy (TE)-binning, TE-kernel, and TE k-nearest neighbor and parametric estimators like TE-linear and information flow (IF)-linear with idealized two-dimensional test cases along with their sensitivity on sample size. Thereafter, we experimentally applied these methods to the Lorenz-96 model and to two real climate phenomena, i.e., (1) the Indo-Pacific Ocean coupling and (2) North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)–European air temperature coupling. As expected, the linear estimators work for linear systems but fail for strongly nonlinear systems. The TE-kernel and TE k-nearest neighbor estimators are reliable for linear and nonlinear systems. Nevertheless, the nonparametric methods are sensitive to parameter selection and sample size. Thus, this work proposes a composite use of the TE-kernel and TE k-nearest neighbor estimators along with parameter testing for consistent results. The revealed information exchange in Lorenz-96 is dominated by the slow subsystem component. For real climate phenomena, expected bidirectional information exchange between the Indian and Pacific SSTs was detected. Furthermore, expected information exchange from NAO to European air temperature was detected, but also unexpected reversal information exchange. The latter might hint to a hidden process driving both the NAO and European temperatures. Hence, the limitations, availability of time series length and the system at hand must be taken into account before drawing any conclusions from TE and IF-linear estimations.
Luenberger-Sliding Mode Observer Based Backstepping Control for the SCR System in a Diesel Engine
Authors: Zheng Taixiong , Yang Bin , Li Yongfu , Ma Ying
Published: November 2019

In order to keep the ammonia (NH3) slip of the downstream selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system at a low level and simultaneously achieve a high nitrogen oxide (NOX) conversion rate, a Luenberger-sliding mode observer based backstepping control method is proposed. Considering that the internal working condition of the catalyst cannot be measured by commercial sensors directly, a Luenberger-sliding mode observer is designed to estimate the ammonia concentration at the middle of the catalyst. In addition, based on the stepped distributed characteristic of the surface ammonia coverage ratio along the SCR axial direction, a backstepping control method is utilized for the SCR system, in which the SCR system is decomposed into two subsystems. Firstly, the Lyapunov function is designed to ensure the convergence of the downstream subsystem, and then the virtual control law is obtained. After that, taking the virtual control law as the tracking target of the upstream subsystem, the Lyapunov function of virtual control law is given. Finally, the actual control law of the whole closed loop system is acquired. Simulations under different conditions are conducted to investigate the effect of the proposed control method. In addition, comparisons with the traditional PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) control are presented. Results show that the proposed method is much better than the PID control method in overshoot, setting time, and tracking error.
Stable International Environmental Agreements: Large Coalitions that Achieve Little
Authors: Rauscher Michael
Published: November 2019

A standard result of coalition formation games is that stable coalitions are very small if the coalition plays Nash vis-à-vis the rest of the world and if abatement costs are quadratic. It has been shown that larger coalitions and even the grand coalition are possible if the marginal abatement cost is concave. The paper confirms this result, but shows that abatement activities by large coalitions smaller than the grand coalition can be very small. This can be ‘repaired’ only by assuming that the marginal abatement cost curve changes its curvature extremely once the stable coalition has been reached.
The Roots of Carlos Vaz Ferreira’s Philosophy
Authors: Oliver Amy A.
Published: November 2019

Carlos Vaz Ferreira (1872–1958) was Uruguay’s leading twentieth-century philosopher. He worked on social and political philosophy, moral philosophy, aesthetics, and feminism. Considered to be one of Latin America’s most original thinkers, Vaz Ferreira’s philosophy was nonetheless responsive to and, in some cases, influenced by the work of a number of other figures. This article explores Vaz Ferreira’s roots in the thought of Herbert Spencer, Charles Darwin, Dr. Gregorio Marañón, Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro, Harald Höffding, Hugo Münsterberg, Wilhelm Dilthey, Miguel de Unamuno, John Stuart Mill, William James, José Enrique Rodó, and Henri Bergson. His feminist philosophy was influenced by his sister, María Eugenia Vaz Ferreira, Dr. Paulina Luisi, and other suffragists. I seek to distinguish among the influences Vaz Ferreira ultimately rejected, those he could not escape, those he adapted, and those he most favored as he developed his unique philosophy of freedom.
“Bury Your Heart”: Charlotte Mew and the Limits of Empathy
Authors: Black Elizabeth
Published: November 2019

Charlotte Mew’s strikingly original and passionate poetry remains under-examined by modernist critics, yet it holds great importance in presenting an alternative version of modernism that foregrounds issues surrounding gender, sexuality and otherness. Mew’s work explores key modernist themes such as alienation, fragmentation and psychological disruption from the perspectives of those on the margins of society, and in doing so challenges narrow definitions of the movement by highlighting the multiplicity and plurality of voices and concerns within it. Whilst Mew’s decentred position often informs painful reflections on shame, exclusion and powerlessness, the culmination of so many marginalised voices in the poems and Mew’s overriding compassion for the vulnerable creates a powerful challenge to the centre that contests traditional accounts of modernism as defined by white, European men. This article will explore how female experience informs Mew’s exploration of empathy between the marginalised and how personal experience of gender-based oppression inspires compassion for other vulnerable groups who suffer under similar power dynamics or social prejudices. It will consider how female experience shapes both the content of the poems and her choice of poetic forms that allow for concealment of self against the fear of exposure. It will also draw upon contemporary feminist readings of modernist literature and emotion to examine the ways in which gender informs Charlotte Mew’s treatment of key modernist themes and how this challenges conventional understanding of the movement.
Functional Laterality of the Lower Limbs Accompanying Special Exercises in the Context of Hurdling
Authors: Iskra Janusz , Marcinów Ryszard , Wojciechowska-Maszkowska Bożena , Otsuka Mitsuo
Published: November 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the lateralization of the lead leg during special exercises and the relationship with athletic performance throughout a hurdling session. Methods: Thirty-eight physical education students participated in the study. A novel three-part “OSI” test (walking over hurdles arranged in a circle, spiral, and straight line) was performed, and various hurdle practices (jogging and running) were selected as research tools. The lead leg selected by the participants was taken into consideration, and the relationship between the chosen lead leg and athletic performance in the five tests was established. Results: The lateralization of the lead leg changed depending on the shape of the running course. The results of further analysis showed (i) no correlation between the use of the right leg as the lead leg in three tests conducted at a marching pace, and (ii) a significant positive correlation between tests performed at the marching and running paces. Conclusion: Hurdlers flexibly change the dominant leading leg depending on the shape of the running course. The results of this research could prove helpful in the training of athletes for hurdling competitions, especially young runners in 400-m hurdles involving straight and corner tracks.
Experiences of Racial and Ethnic Discrimination Are Associated with Food Insecurity and Poor Health
Authors: Phojanakong Pam , Brown Weida Emily , Grimaldi Gabriella , Lê-Scherban Félice , Chilton Mariana
Published: November 2019

This study examines the associations of mothers’ experiences of discrimination (EODs) with household food insecurity (HFI), physical health, and depressive symptoms, while taking into account the influence of mothers’ Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and public assistance participation. Mothers (N = 1372) of young children under age 4 who self-identified as Latinx, Non-Latinx Black/African American and Non-Latinx white answered questions for a cross-sectional survey in an emergency room in a large children’s hospital in Philadelphia between 2016 and 2018. Logistic regression was used to model associations of EODs in specific settings with HFI, depressive symptoms, and physical health. Compared to those without EODs, mothers with EODs from police/courts and in workplaces had higher odds of HFI, AOR =2.04 (95% CI: 1.44–2.89) and AOR = 1.57 (95% CI: 1.18–2.11), respectively. Among Latinx mothers, EODs in school were associated with nearly 60% higher odds of HFI and nearly 80% higher odds of depressive symptoms. Latinx and Black mothers with EODs in workplaces had higher odds of HFI (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.21–2.56 and AOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.05–2.36, respectively), compared to mothers without EODs. Discrimination is associated with HFI, depressive symptoms, and poor health. Public health interventions intended to improve food security and health may be only partially effective without simultaneously addressing racism and discrimination.
Natural Products and Neuroprotection
Authors: Angeloni Cristina , Vauzour David
Published: November 2019

Neurodegenerative diseases are among the most serious health problems affecting millions of people worldwide, and their incidence is dramatically growing together with increased lifespan [...]
Transgenerational Response to Nitrogen Deprivation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Massaro Monica , De Paoli Emanuele , Tomasi Nicola , Morgante Michele , Pinton Roberto , Zanin Laura
Published: November 2019

Nitrogen (N) deficiency is one of the major stresses that crops are exposed to. It is plausible to suppose that a stress condition can induce a memory in plants that might prime the following generations. Here, an experimental setup that considered four successive generations of N-sufficient and N-limited Arabidopsis was used to evaluate the existence of a transgenerational memory. The results demonstrated that the ability to take up high amounts of nitrate is induced more quickly as a result of multigenerational stress exposure. This behavior was paralleled by changes in the expression of nitrate responsive genes. RNAseq analyses revealed the enduring modulation of genes in downstream generations, despite the lack of stress stimulus in these plants. The modulation of signaling and transcription factors, such as NIGTs, NFYA and CIPK23 might indicate that there is a complex network operating to maintain the expression of N-responsive genes, such as NRT2.1, NIA1 and NIR. This behavior indicates a rapid acclimation of plants to changes in N availability. Indeed, when fourth generation plants were exposed to N limitation, they showed a rapid induction of N-deficiency responses. This suggests the possible involvement of a transgenerational memory in Arabidopsis that allows plants to adapt efficiently to the environment and this gives an edge to the next generation that presumably will grow in similar stressful conditions.
Rational Design and Synthesis of Diverse Pyrimidine Molecules Bearing Sulfonamide Moiety as Novel ERK Inhibitors
Authors: Halawa Ahmed H. , Eskandrani Areej A. , Elgammal Walid E. , Hassan Saber M. , Hassan Ahmed H. , Ebrahim Hassan Y. , Mehany Ahmed B. M. , El-Agrody Ahmed M. , Okasha Rawda M.
Published: November 2019

Protein kinases orchestrate diverse cellular functions; however, their dysregulation is linked to metabolic dysfunctions, associated with many diseases, including cancer. Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) kinase is a notoriously oncogenic signaling pathway in human malignancies, where the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) are focal serine/threonine kinases in the MAP kinase module with numerous cytosolic and nuclear mitogenic effector proteins. Subsequently, hampering the ERK kinase activity by small molecule inhibitors is a robust strategy to control the malignancies with aberrant MAP kinase signaling cascades. Consequently, new heterocyclic compounds, containing a sulfonamide moiety, were rationally designed, aided by the molecular docking of the starting reactant 1-(4-((4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)sulfonyl)phenyl)ethan-1-one (3) at the ATP binding pocket of the ERK kinase domain, which was relying on the molecular extension tactic. The identities of the synthesized compounds (4–33) were proven by their spectral data and elemental analysis. The target compounds exhibited pronounced anti-proliferative activities against the MCF-7, HepG-2, and HCT-116 cancerous cell lines with potencies reaching a 2.96 μM for the most active compound (22). Moreover, compounds 5, 9, 10b, 22, and 28 displayed a significant G2/M phase arrest and induction of the apoptosis, which was confirmed by the cell cycle analysis and the flow cytometry. Thus, the molecular extension of a small fragment bounded at the ERK kinase domain is a valid tactic for the rational synthesis of the ERK inhibitors to control various human malignancies.
On the Influence of High Turbulence on the Convective Heat Flux on the High-Pressure Turbine Vane LS89
Authors: Cação Ferreira Tânia S. , Arts Tony , Croner Emma
Published: November 2019

High-pressure turbine vanes and blades are subjected to a turbulent combustor flow affecting the heat transfer and boundary layer transition, hence, the temperature distribution. The accurate prediction of the temperature distribution is crucial for a reliable design and cooling implementation. Engine-representative measurements are hence mandatory for improving design tools. Recently, convective heat transfer measurements were conducted on a high-pressure turbine inlet guide vane (VKI LS89 airfoil) in the Isentropic Compression Tube (CT-2) facility at the von Karman Institute. This contribution focuses on the effect of high freestream turbulence generated by a new turbulence grid allowing a range of turbulence intensities in excess of 10% with representative length scales of the order of 1–2 cm. Three cases with varying turbulence levels are discussed in this paper. The different flow conditions are exit isentropic Mach numbers of 0.70–0.97, Reynolds numbers of 0.53 × 106 and 1.15 × 106 and a constant temperature ratio equal to 1.36. The heat transfer distributions along the vane suction side indicate a clear link between boundary layer transition and the stream-wise pressure gradients even at high levels of freestream turbulence intensity. Differences are put in evidence in the dynamics of the transition development. Future developments will focus also on the contribution of the other flow parameters under high turbulence. Heat transfer predictions from the boundary layer code TEXSTAN and Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes code elsA (ensemble logiciel pour la simulation en Aérodynamique) are additionally compared to the experiments. Inherent difficulties associated with high turbulence modelling are clear from this early numerical work.
Spontaneous Left Cardiac Isomerism in Chick Embryos: Case Report, Review of the Literature, and Possible Significance for the Understanding of Ventricular Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy in the Setting of Human Heterotaxy Syndromes
Authors: Männer Jörg
Published: November 2019

The outer shape of most vertebrates is normally characterized by bilateral symmetry. The inner organs, on the other hand, are normally arranged in bilaterally asymmetric patterns. Congenital deviations from the normal organ asymmetry can occur in the form of mirror imagery of the normal arrangement (situs inversus), or in the form of arrangements that have the tendency for the development of bilateral symmetry, either in a pattern of bilateral left-sidedness (left isomerism) or bilateral right-sidedness (right isomerism). The latter two forms of visceral situs anomalies are called “heterotaxy syndromes”. During the past 30 years, remarkable progress has been made in uncovering the genetic etiology of heterotaxy syndromes. However, the pathogenetic mechanisms causing the spectrum of cardiovascular defects found in these syndromes remain poorly understood. In the present report, a spontaneous case of left cardiac isomerism found in an HH-stage 23 chick embryo is described. The observations made in this case confirmed the existence of molecular isomerism in the ventricular chambers previously noted in mouse models. They, furthermore, suggest that hearts with left cardiac isomerism may have the tendency for the development of non-compaction cardiomyopathy caused by defective development of the proepicardium.
Chlorine Reduction Kinetics and its Mass Balance in Copper Premise Plumbing Systems During Corrosion Events
Authors: Vargas Ignacio T. , Anguita Javiera M. , Pastén Pablo A. , Pizarro Gonzalo E.
Published: November 2019

Hypochlorous acid has been reported as the main oxidant agent responsible for the corrosion of copper plumbing systems in chlorinated water supplies. However, there is little information about chlorine consumption kinetics in a combined system (i.e., with dissolved oxygen (DO) and free chlorine), as well as its complete mass balance within a copper pipe during stagnation. The results of our experiments using copper pipes filled with synthetic drinking water, with a moderate alkalinity (pH = 7.2; dissolved inorganic carbon = 80 mg as CaCO3 /L), and tested under chlorine concentrations from 0 to 8 mg/L, show that chlorine depletion is associated with pipe wall reactions (i.e., copper oxidation and scale formation processes). Free chlorine was depleted after 4 h of stagnation and its kinetic constant depend on the initial concentration, probably due to diffusion processes. Surface analysis including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and total reflection X-ray fluorescence (T-XRF) suggest chlorine precipitation, probably as CuCl. The obtained kinetics of chlorine and DO reduction would be critical for modeling and prediction of corrosion events of copper premise plumbing systems. In addition, our results indicate that the pipe’s surface reactions due to corrosion induces a loss of free chlorine in the bulk water, decreasing chlorine added for disinfection and the subsequent effect on water quality.
Rheological Properties, Compatibility, and Storage Stability of SBS Latex-Modified Asphalt
Authors: Ren Shisong , Liu Xueyan , Fan Weiyu , Wang Haopeng , Erkens Sandra
Published: November 2019

A styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) latex modifier can be used for asphalt modification due to the fact of its energy-saving, construction convenience, and economic advantages. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of asphalt type and SBS latex dosage on the rheological properties, compatibility, and storage stability of asphalt through temperature and frequency sweep, steady-state flow, multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) tests, Cole-Cole plots and thermal storage tests. The results indicated that high SBS latex content is beneficial for improving anti-rutting, anti-fatigue, viscous flow resistance, and elastic recovery abilities of modified asphalt. The chemical composition of asphalt had a significant effect on the properties of the SBS latex-modified asphalt. High asphaltenes and low resins were favorable to enhancing anti-rutting and recovery properties but weakened the anti-fatigue, compatibility, and storage stability of modified asphalt. Furthermore, compared to SBS particle-modified asphalt, SBS latex-modified asphalt had greater rutting and fatigue resistance. However, SBS latex-modified asphalt had some disadvantages in compatibility and storage stability. Comprehensively considering the balance of viscoelastic properties, compatibility, and storage stability of SBS latex-modified asphalt, the mixing dosage of SBS latex modifier is recommended at 4.0 wt% which could feasibly replace SBS particle in asphalt modification.
Numerical Modelling of the Mechanical Behaviour of Biaxial Weft-Knitted Fabrics on Different Length Scales
Authors: Pham Minh Quang , Döbrich Oliver , Trümper Wolfgang , Gereke Thomas , Cherif Chokri
Published: November 2019

Weft-knitted fabrics offer an excellent formability into complex shapes for composite application. In biaxial weft-knitted fabric, additional yarns are inserted in the warp (wale-wise) and weft (course-wise) directions as a reinforcement. Due to these straight yarns, the mechanical properties of such fabrics are better than those of unreinforced weft-knitted fabrics. The forming process of flat fabrics into 3D preforms is challenging and requires numerical simulation. In this paper, the mechanical behavior of biaxial weft-knitted fabrics is simulated by means of macro- and meso-scale finite element method (FEM) models. The macro-scale modelling approach is based on a shell element formulation and offers reasonable computational costs but has some limitations by the description of fabric mechanical characteristics and forming behavior. The meso-scale modelling approach based on beam elements can describe the fabric’s mechanical and forming characteristics better at a higher computational cost. The FEM models were validated by comparing the results of various simulations with the equivalent experiments. With the help of the parametric models, the forming of biaxial weft-knitted fabrics into complex shapes can be simulated. These models help to predict material and process parameters for optimized forming conditions without the necessity of costly experimental trials.
Microwave-Assisted Green Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles Using Theobroma cacao L. Bean Shell Extract
Authors: Mellinas Cristina , Jiménez Alfonso , Garrigós María del Carmen
Published: November 2019

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are successfully synthesized through microwave heating by using Theobroma cacao L. bean shell extract as a stabilizing and capping agent. Response surface methodology is used to obtain optimal synthesis conditions. The effect of microwave power, irradiation time and amount of Na2SeO3 are evaluated on crystalline size by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Z-potential by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) using a central composite design (CCD). Optimal synthesis conditions are determined as 15.6 min, 788.6 W and 0.14 g of sodium selenite using 50 mL of Theobroma cacao L. bean shell extract. The successful biosynthesis of SeNPs is confirmed by UV-visible and Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analyses. The XRD pattern and Raman spectra show the presence of trigonal and amorphous synthesized SeNPs. Spherical SeNPs are observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) with a particle size of 1–3 nm in diameter, at least one order of magnitude lower than those previously reported. The obtained SeNPs can be stable up to 55 days at 4 °C. Additionally, the SeNPs show an excellent antioxidant performance by the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, with potential application in different sectors, such as food, medical and pharmaceutical.
Study on Hypoglycemic Effect of the Drug Pair of Astragalus Radix and Dioscoreae Rhizoma in T2DM Rats by Network Pharmacology and Metabonomics
Authors: Guo Qian , Niu Wanlin , Li Xuejia , Guo Hongru , Zhang Na , Wang Xiufeng , Wu Lirong
Published: November 2019

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease accompanied by a series of diseases such as diabetic nephropathy. The drug pair (HS) of Astragalus Radix (HQ) and Dioscoreae Rhizoma (SY) was designed by Dr. Shi Jinmo to improve the treatment of T2DM. However, the exact mechanism involved requires further clarification. In this work, 1H-NMR–based metabonomics and network pharmacology were adopted. Metabolic profiling indicated that the metabolic perturbation was reduced after HS treatment. The results found 21 biomarkers. According to the network pharmacology, we found that the regulation of T2DM was primarily associated with 18 active compounds in HS. These active compounds mainly had an effect on 135 targets. Subsequently, combining network pharmacology and metabonomics, we found four target proteins, which indicated that HS has potential hypoglycemic effects through regulating monoamine oxidases B (MAOB), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA), carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2), and catalase (CAT). In conclusion, the result showed that these four targets might be the most relevant targets for the treatment of T2DM with HS. This study clarified the mechanism of HS in the treatment of T2DM and also confirmed the feasibility of combining metabonomics and network pharmacology to study the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In the future, this approach may be a potentially powerful tool to discovery active components of traditional Chinese medicines and elucidate their mechanisms.