bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydroxy and surface oxygen effects on 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid on β-MnO2: DFT, microkinetic and experiment studies
Authors: Tharat Bunrat , Ngamwongwan Lappawat , Seehamongkol Theerada , Rungtaweevoranit Bunyarat , Nonkumwong Jeeranan , Suthirakun Suwit , Faungnawakij Kajornsak , Chanlek Narong , Plucksacholatarn Aunyamanee , Nimsaila Weerawan , Prommin Chanatkran , Junkaew Anchalee
Published: November 2023

Active surface oxygen and hydroxyl groups play a decisive role in catalyzing the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) over β-MnO2.
Biomimetic nanoplatform with selectively positioned indocyanine green for accurate sentinel lymph node imaging
Authors: Cheng Wenjing , Wu Xiangbai , Yu Shi , Zhang Chengwei , Song Yinhong , Li Xinzhi , Yu Xiang
Published: November 2023

Selectively positioning indocyanine green in the biomimetic nanoplatform enhanced the fluorescence intensity and stability for timely and accurate sentinel lymph node imaging.
Self-propelled bioglass janus nanomotors for dentin hypersensitivity treatment
Authors: Wu Wei , Chi Hang , Zhang Qianyang , Zheng Ce , Hu Narisu , Wu Yingjie , Liu Jiaxin
Published: November 2023

nBGs@Pt are prepared by a modified sol–gel method and magnetron sputtering using H2O2 as fuel and are shown to have enough power to enter dentin tubules, with a blocking rate of 58.05%, after remineralization the blocking rate can reach 96.07%.
Unveiling protein corona formation around self-propelled enzyme nanomotors by nanoscopy
Authors: Patiño Tania , Llacer-Wintle Joaquin , Pujals Sílvia , Albertazzi Lorenzo , Sánchez Samuel
Published: November 2023

The interaction of self-propelled nanomotors with biological media is of outmost relevance when considering their actuation within biological contexts. Here, we explored how protein corona forms around active nanomotors using STORM.
Multifunctional actuators integrated with the function of self-powered temperature sensing made with Ti3C2Tx–bamboo nanofiber composites
Authors: Yang Kaihuai , Lin Junjie , Fu Congchun , Guo Jing , Zhou Jiahao , Jiao Fengliang , Guo Qiaohang , Zhou Peidi , Weng Mingcen
Published: November 2023

Multifunctional actuators integrated with the function of self-powered temperature sensing made with Ti3C2Tx–bamboo nanofibers composites.
Tunable asymmetric magnetoresistance in an Fe3GeTe2/graphite/Fe3GeTe2 lateral spin valve
Authors: Zeng Xiangyu , Ye Ge , Yang Fazhi , Ye Qikai , Zhang Liang , Ma Boyang , Liu Yulu , Xie Mengwei , Liu Yan , Wang Xiaozhi , Hao Yue , Han Genquan
Published: November 2023

A performance tunable asymmetry magnetoresistance behavior is achieved in a two-dimensional spin valve, which proposes an effective method for the regulation of spintronic properties and the corresponding applications.
A highly robust, concrete-inspired superhydrophobic nanocomposite coating
Authors: Binrui Wu , Qiong Qin , Xuan Jiao , Dong Xu , li Ke , Liping Sheng , Xin Cui , Qizhi Zhao , Feiyan Fu , Xian Yi
Published: November 2023

Inspired by concrete, a durable superhydrophobic nanocomposite coating is fabricated via an easy process.
The controllable patterning of tannic acid on DNA origami
Authors: Luo Yuanyuan , Niu Liqiong , Hao Pengyan , Sun Xiaoya , Zhao Yongxi , Wu Na
Published: November 2023

pH-Responsive TA nanopatterning is performed directed by the protruding clustered ssDNA on a DNA origami template.
A concise guide to chemical reactions of atomically precise noble metal nanoclusters
Authors: Bose Paulami , Kumaranchira Ramankutty Krishnadas , Chakraborty Papri , Khatun Esma , Pradeep Thalappil
Published: November 2023

Monolayer-protected noble metal nanoclusters: a survey of their diverse chemical reactions, associated kinetics, and implications.
Titanium-catalyzed highly stereoselective anti-Markovnikov intermolecular hydroalkoxylation of alkynes to prepare Z-enol ethers
Authors: Wang Yang , Ma Biao , Mao Yingning , Wang Zhihui , Peng Jinsong , Chen Chunxia , Li Zhanyu
Published: November 2023

The first stereospecific Z-enol ether skeletons were constructed by a biometallic titanium-catalysed anti-Markovnikov intermolecular hydroalkoxylation reaction of alkynes.
Energy transfer mechanisms and color-tunable luminescence of Tm3+/Tb3+/Eu3+ co-doped Sr4Nb2O9 phosphors for high-quality white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Ravina  , Poria Kanishk , Sahu Mukesh K. , Kumar A. , Anu  , Dahiya Sajjan , Deopa Nisha , Rao A. S.
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates the synthesis and luminescence characteristics of Tm3+/Tb3+/Eu3+ co-doped Sr4Nb2O9 (SNB) phosphors as potential candidates for white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs).
Group 13 ion coordination to pyridyl breaks the reduction potential vs. hydricity scaling relationship for dihydropyridinates
Authors: Parsons Leo W. T. , Fettinger James C. , Berben Louise A.
Published: November 2023

The relationship Epvs. ΔGH− correlates the applied potential (Ep) needed to drive organohydride formation with the strength of the hydride donor that is formed: hydride transfer catalysis - as in enzymes like LarA - will be more energy efficient if Ep is shifted anodically using kinetic effect.
Facile synthesis of 1,2-aminoalcohols via α-C–H aminoalkylation of alcohols by photoinduced hydrogen-atom transfer catalysis
Authors: Caner Joaquim , Matsumoto Akira , Maruoka Keiji
Published: November 2023

A photocatalytic method for the conversion of aliphatic alcohols and N-sulfinyl α-iminoesters into 1,2-aminoalcohols is reported. A cationic hydrogen-atom transfer catalyst enables site-selective C–H aminoalkylation of primary and secondary alcohols.
Cobalt-catalyzed decarboxylative difluoroalkylation of nitrophenylacetic acid salts
Authors: Joseph Ebbin , Smith Ian , Tunge Jon A.
Published: November 2023

The selective installation of fluorine-containing groups adjacent to sterically hindered alkyl groups has been utilized for the synthesis and derivatization of biologically active molecules.
Development of multi-analyte responsive sensors: optical discrimination of arsenite and arsenate ions, ratiometric detection of arsenite, and application in food and water samples
Authors: K Nagaraj , Shetty A. Nityananda , Trivedi Darshak R.
Published: November 2023

5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde based Schiff base chemosensors, N4R1–N4R3 with varying strengths of electron-withdrawing groups were developed for the discriminatory sensing of arsenite and arsenate ions in semi-aqueous media.
A highly durable AgOx cluster/mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst with synergistic effects induced superior H2 evolution and CO2 reduction
Authors: Zhang Yan , Niu Chunyao , Liu Jian , Caruso Rachel A. , Zhang Xiao Li
Published: November 2023

Obtained from in situ surface anchoring, the highly active and durable AgOx cluster@mesoporous TiO2 exhibits tunable physicochemical property that facilitates superior photocatalytic HER and CO2RR, and changes selective production from CO/CH4 to CO.
Core–shell InN/PM6 Z-scheme heterojunction photoanodes for efficient and stable photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Xie Shaohua , Liang Jiehui , Liu Qianhu , Liu Peixin , Wang Junkun , Li Jiaxi , Wu Haoyang , Wang Wenliang , Li Guoqiang
Published: November 2023

This Z-scheme heterostructure forms strong In–O bonds under light, driving the electrons of InN to combine with the holes of PM6, thus inhibiting charge recombination. The optimized device exhibits excellent PEC performance and photochemical stability.
Conformationally locked polythiophene processed by room-temperature blade coating enables a breakthrough of the power factor
Authors: Wu Feiyan , Zhu Qi , Wang Jing , Yang Wanli , Jeong Sang Young , Du Li , Fan Zhiping , Woo Han Young , Guo Xugang , Chen Lie , Chen Yiwang
Published: November 2023

P-type simple polymer PTTE-TVT was constructed by combining conformationally locked ester-substituted thiophenes and highly planar thienylenevinylene, realizing the film fabrication of easy room-temperature blade coating, excellent μHole of 0.54 cm2 V−1 s−1 and notable PFmax of 189.9 μW m−1 K−2.
Glass-like transparent and heat-sealable films of cellulose nanoworms via ethanol triggered swelling of esterified cellulose
Authors: Lakovaara Matias , Sirviö Juho Antti , Wang Luyao , Suopajärvi Terhi , Pratiwi Feby , Zhang Hao , Peltonen Jouko , Xu Chunlin , Liimatainen Henrikki
Published: November 2023

Producing a new type of cellulose nanomaterial using esterification of cellulose and ultrasonic treatment in ethanol.
A critical review of solution-process engineering for kesterite thin-film solar cells: current strategies and prospects
Authors: Fu Junjie , Yang Jin , Dong Weiwei , Ren Shu , Zhu Haonan , Wang Yusen , Hao Jianchao , Wu Jinhu , Wang Rongzhi , Zhao Dandan , Zhang Yange , Zheng Zhi
Published: November 2023

The Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) material is considered a promising semiconductor material for commercial photovoltaic applications due to its high theoretical efficiency, high absorption coefficient, tunable direct bandgap, high element abundance, and low production cost.
High piezoelectricity induced by lattice distortion and domain realignment in Li2CO3-added lead-based ceramics
Authors: Chen Hao , Xie Yining , Xi Jingwen , Zhuang Wanfeng , Wang Weiling , Xing Jie , Liu Hong , Zhu Jianguo
Published: November 2023

The 0.2Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.1Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.7Pb(Zr0.46Ti0.54)O3 + xwt% Li2CO3 ceramics were synthesized by the solid–state reaction method.
Surface plasmon resonance biosensor chips integrated with MoS2–MoO3 hybrid microflowers for rapid CFP-10 tuberculosis detection
Authors: Wulandari Chandra , Septiani Ni Luh Wulan , Gumilar Gilang , Nuruddin Ahmad , Nugraha  , Iqbal Muhammad , Wasisto Hutomo Suryo , Yuliarto Brian
Published: November 2023

This study reports on the modification of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) chips with molybdenum disulfide–molybdenum trioxide (MoS2–MoO3) microflowers to detect the tuberculosis (TB) markers of CFP-10.
Physically cross-linked organo-hydrogels for friction interfaces in joint replacements: design, evaluation and potential clinical applications
Authors: Li Zheng , Liang Yongzhi , Wan Jia , Zhu Wanbo , Wang Yingjie , Chen Yuan , Lu Baoliang , Zhu Junchen , Zhu Chen , Zhang Xianzuo
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates physically crosslinked organo-hydrogels for total hip replacement surgery.
Symmetry-breaking charge separation in weakly coupled anthracene dimers
Authors: Lv Liping , Liu Heyuan , Li Tianyu , Cui Boce , Wang Tianying , Song Xiaojuan , Chen Wenmiao , Chen Yanli , Li Xiyou
Published: November 2023

The charge separation (CS) and charge recombination (CR) of the symmetry-breaking charge-separation process is optimized via molecular engineering. An unprecedently high value (∼2500) of the ratio of the rates of CS over CR is achieved.
Phosphorescent Pt(ii) acetylacetonate complexes bearing 9-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-9H-carbazole ligand: syntheses, photophysical properties and OLED applications
Authors: Yao Haibo , Yuan Lequn , Pei Ling , Shen Yunjun , Zhang Yuzhen , Zhou Liang , Bian Hedong
Published: November 2023

Complexes Pt(TBPCH)(dpmn) 2a and Pt(TBPCH)(dnmn) 4a were prepared for fabricating OLED devices. The devices using 2a emitted at 525 nm with an EQEmax of 4.0% at CIE coordinates of (0.34, 0.51), and the devices using 4a emitted at 585 nm with an EQEmax of 15.1% at CIE coordinates of (0.50, 0.48).
Novel and high photovoltaic performance sensitizers of copolymeric sulfur coordination metal complexes of benzimidazolyl benzodithiophene derivatives
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Houpeng , Tian Yong , Ma Yinfeng , Liu Huimin , Yi Jie , Zhong Chaofan
Published: November 2023

Compared to the complexes using N and O as coordination atoms, whose PCE has never exceeded 10%, the sensitizers using the softer S as a coordination atom have made a breakthrough in their performance, with a PCE of 10.96%.
Acoustics of Breath Noises in Human Speech: Descriptive and Three-Dimensional Modeling Approaches
Authors: Werner Raphael , Fuchs Susanne , Trouvain Jürgen , Kürbis Steffen , Möbius Bernd , Birkholz Peter
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

Breathing is ubiquitous in speech production, crucial for structuring speech, and a potential diagnostic indicator for respiratory diseases. However, the acoustic characteristics of speech breathing remain underresearched. This work aims to characterize the spectral properties of human inhalation noises in a large speaker sample and explore their potential similarities with speech sounds. Speech sounds are mostly realized with egressive airflow. To account for this, we investigated the effect of airflow direction (inhalation vs. exhalation) on acoustic properties of certain vocal tract (VT) configurations.

Method:

To characterize human inhalation, we describe spectra of breath noises produced by human speakers from two data sets comprising 34 female and 100 male participants. To investigate the effect of airflow direction, three-dimensional–printed VT models of a male and a female speaker with static VT configurations of four vowels and four fricatives were used. An airstream was directed through these VT configurations in both directions, and their spectral consequences were analyzed.

Results:

For human inhalations, we found spectra with a decreasing slope and several weak peaks below 3 kHz. These peaks show moderate (female) to strong (male) overlap with resonances found for participants inhaling with a VT configuration of a central vowel. Results for the VT models suggest that airflow direction is crucial for spectral properties of sibilants, /ç/, and /i:/, but not the other sounds we investigated. Inhalation noise is most similar to /ə/ where airflow direction does not play a role.

Conclusions:

Inhalation is realized on ingressive airflow, and inhalation noises have specific resonance properties that are most similar to /ə/ but occur without phonation. Airflow direction does not play a role in this specific VT configuration, but subglottal resonances may do. For future work, we suggest investigating the articulation of speech breathing and link it to current work on pause postures.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24520585
A SSSC optimal configuration method to enhance available transfer capability considering multi‐wind farm access
Authors: Chen Yanbo , Wang Deshuai , Li Jiaqi , Fan Haiwei , Li Jinsong , Luo Yadi , Li Li
Published: November 2023

In the context of electricity market, the heavy load of some inter‐provincial and intra‐provincial lines limits available transfer capability (ATC). As a series compensation device, static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) can reallocate the power flow of adjacent lines. In order to maximize the inter‐regional ATC, a two‐stage optimal SSSC allocation method considering the uncertainty and correlation of multi‐wind farm is proposed. Firstly, the initial wind power scenarios are generated based on latin hypercube sampling (LHS) and reduced by the improved iterative self‐organizing data analysis techniques algorithm (I‐ISODATA). Then, a multi‐objective optimization model is constructed with the maximum expected power flow transfer entropy (PFTE) and minimum expected SSSC investment cost in all typical wind power scenarios, and non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm‐II (NSGA‐II) method is used to determine the location of SSSC. In addition, based on the reduced wind power scenarios, the ATC calculation model containing SSSC is constructed, and the modern interior point method is used to determine the control parameters and configuration capacity of SSSC. Finally, based on the improved IEEE39 and IEEE118 node systems, case study proves that the proposed model can determine the optimal SSSC configuration scheme and significantly improves the ATC.
Laboratory modeling of YSO jets collimation by a large-scale divergent interstellar magnetic field
Authors: Zemskov R. , Burdonov K. , Soloviev A. , Sladkov A. , Korzhimanov A. , Fuchs J. , Bisikalo D. , Zhilkin A. , Barkov M. , Ciardi A. , Yao W. , Glyavin M. , Morozkin M. , Proyavin M. , Luchinin A. , Chuvakin P. , Ginzburg V. , Kochetkov A. , Kuzmin A. , Shaykin A. , Shaikin I. , Perevalov S. , Kotov A. , Pikuz S. , Ryazantsev S. , Khazanov E. , Starodubtsev M.
Published: November 2023

Context. Numerical studies as well as scaled laboratory experiments suggest that bipolar outflows arising from young stellar objects (YSOs) could be collimated into narrow and stable jets as a result of their interaction with a poloidal magnetic field. However, this magnetic collimation mechanism was demonstrated only for the simplified topology of the uniform poloidal magnetic field.

Aims. We have extended the experimental studies to the case of a plasma outflow expanding in a region of strong poloidal magnetic field and then propagating through divergent magnetic field lines. In this case the magnetic field distribution is closer to the hourglass magnetic field distribution expected near YSOs. Our aim was to find out whether (and under what conditions) magnetic collimation is possible in such a strongly nonuniform B-field configuration.

Methods. The experiments were carried out on the PEARL high-power laser facility. The laser produced plasma outflow was embedded in a strong (~10T) magnetic field generated by our unique magnetic system. The morphology and dynamics of the plasma were diagnosed with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

Results. Laboratory experiments and 3D numerical modeling allow us to reveal the various stages of plasma jet formation in a divergent poloidal magnetic field. The results show (i) that there is a fundamental possibility for magnetic collimation of a plasma outflow in a divergent magnetic field; (ii) that there is good scalability of astrophysical and laboratory flows; (iii) that the conditions for the formation of a magnetic nozzle, hence collimation by poloidal magnetic field, have been met; and (iv) that the propagation of the jet proceeds unimpeded through the region of weak and strongly divergent magnetic fields, maintaining a high aspect ratio.

Conclusions. Since we have verified that the laboratory plasma scales favorably to YSO jets and outflows, our laboratory modeling hints at the possibility of the YSO jet collimation in a divergent poloidal magnetic field.
Broadband maps of eROSITA and their comparison with the ROSAT survey
Authors: Zheng Xueying , Ponti Gabriele , Freyberg Michael , Sanders Jeremy , Locatelli Nicola , Merloni Andrea , Strong Andy , Sasaki Manami , Comparat Johan , Becker Werner , Kerp Juergen , Maitra Chandreyee , Liu Teng , Predehl Peter , Anastasopoulou Konstantina , Lamer Georg
Published: November 2023

By June of 2020, the extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array (eROSITA) on board the Spectrum Roentgen Gamma observatory had completed its first of the planned eight X-ray all-sky survey (eRASS1). The large effective area of the X-ray telescope makes it ideal for a survey of the faint X-ray diffuse emission over half of the sky with an unprecedented energy resolution and position accuracy. In this work, we produce the X-ray diffuse emission maps of the eRASS1 data with a current calibration, covering the energy range from 0.2 to 8.0 keV. We validated these maps by comparison with X-ray background maps derived from the ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS). We generated X-ray images with a pixel area of 9 arcmin2 using the observations available to the German eROSITA consortium. The contribution of the particle background to the photons was subtracted from the final maps. We also subtracted all the point sources above a flux threshold dependent on the goal of the subtraction, exploiting the eRASS1 catalog that will soon be available. The accuracy of the eRASS1 maps is shown by a flux match to the RASS X-ray maps, obtained by converting the eROSITA rates into equivalent ROSAT count rates in the standard ROSAT energy bands R4–R7, within 1.25σ. We find small residual deviations in the R4–R6 bands, where eROSITA tends to observe lower flux than ROSAT (~11%), while a better agreement is achieved in the R7 band (~1%) The eRASS maps exhibit lower noise levels than RASS maps at the same resolution above 0.3 keV. We report the average surface brightness and total flux of different large sky regions as a reference. The detection of faint emission from diffuse hot gas in the Milky Way is corroborated by the consistency of the eRASS1 and RASS maps shown in this paper and by their comparable flux dynamic range.
The BINGO Project
Authors: dos Santos Marcelo V. , Landim Ricardo G. , Hoerning Gabriel A. , Abdalla Filipe B. , Queiroz Amilcar , Abdalla Elcio , Wuensche Carlos A. , Wang Bin , Barosi Luciano , Villela Thyrso , Marins Alessandro , Feng Chang , Gurjão Edmar , Novaes Camila P. , Santos Larissa C. O. , Santos João R.L. , Zhang Jiajun , Liccardo Vincenzo , Zhang Xue , Sang Yu , Vieira Frederico , Motta Pablo
Published: November 2023

Context. The Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations (BINGO) radio telescope will use the neutral hydrogen emission line to map the Universe in the redshift range 0.127 ≤z≤ 0.449, with the main goal of probing BAO. In addition, the instrument’s optical design and hardware configuration support the search for fast radio bursts (FRBs).

Aims. In this work, we propose the use of a BINGO Interferometry System (BIS) including new auxiliary, smaller radio telescopes (hereafter outriggers). The interferometric approach makes it possible to pinpoint the FRB sources in the sky. We present the results of several BIS configurations combining BINGO horns with and without mirrors (4 m, 5 m, and 6 m) and five, seven, nine, or ten for single horns.

Methods. We developed a new Python package, the FRBlip, which generates mock catalogs of synthetic FRB and computes, based on a telescope model, the observed signal-to-noise ratio, which we use to numerically compute the detection rates of the telescopes and how many interferometry pairs of telescopes (baselines) can observe an FRB. The FRBs observed by more than one baseline are the ones whose location can be determined. We thus evaluated the performance of BIS regarding FRB localization.

Results. We found that BIS would be able to localize 23 FRBs yearly with single horn outriggers in the best configuration (using ten outriggers of 6-m mirrors), with redshiftz≤ 0.96. The full localization capability depends on the number and type of the outriggers. Wider beams are best for pinpointing FRB sources because potential candidates will be observed by more baselines, while narrow beams search deep in redshift.

Conclusions. The BIS can be a powerful extension of the BINGO telescope, dedicated to observe hundreds of FRBs during Phase 1. Many of FRBs will be well localized with a single horn and a 6-m dish as outriggers.
Radio-continuum spectra of ram-pressure-stripped galaxies in the Coma Cluster
Authors: Roberts I. D. , van Weeren R. J. , Lal D. V. , Sun M. , Chen H. , Ignesti A. , Brüggen M. , Lyskova N. , Venturi T. , Yagi M.
Published: November 2023

Context. The population of galaxies in the local Universe is bi-modal in terms of the specific star formation rate. This fact has led to a broad distinction between star-forming galaxies (typically cold-gas-rich and late-type) and quenched galaxies (typically cold-gas-poor and early-type). The ratio between quenched and star-forming galaxies is much higher in clusters than the field, and pinpointing which are the physical processes driving this excess quenching in clusters is an open question.

Aims. We used the nearby Coma Cluster as a laboratory to probe the impact of ram pressure on star formation as well as to constrain the characteristic timescales and velocities for the stripping of the non-thermal interstellar medium.

Methods. We used high-resolution (6.5" ≈ 3 kpc), multi-frequency (144 MHz – 1.5 GHz) radio continuum imaging of the Coma Cluster to resolve the low-frequency radio spectrum across the discs and tails of 25 ram-pressure-stripped galaxies. With resolved spectral index maps across these galaxy discs, we constrained the impact of ram pressure perturbations on galaxy star formation. We measured multi-frequency flux-density profiles along each of the ram-pressure-stripped tails in our sample. We then fitted the resulting radio continuum spectra with a simple synchrotron ageing model.

Results. We show that ram-pressure-stripped tails in Coma have steep spectral indices (−2 ≲ α ≲ −1). The discs of galaxies undergoing ram pressure stripping have integrated spectral indices within the expected range for shock acceleration from supernovae (−0.8 ≲ α ≲ −0.5), though there is a tail towards flatter values. In a resolved sense, there are gradients in the spectral index across the discs of ram-pressure-stripped galaxies in Coma. These gradients are aligned with the direction of the observed radio tails, with the flattest spectral indices being found on the ‘leading half’. From best-fit break frequencies, we estimate the projected plasma velocities along the tail to be of the order of hundreds of kilometres per second, with the precise magnitude depending on the assumed magnetic field strength.
Metabolite Profile and Antibacterial Potential of Leaf And Stem Extract Castanopsis tungurrut (Blume) A.DC. against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Ilyas Irfan , Surya Muhammad Imam , Lailaty Intani Quarta , Damayanti Frisca , Nuringtyas Tri Rini
Published: November 2023

Giving antibiotics or antibacterial drugs is one of the therapeutic strategies used to overcome the problem of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms. The emergence of bacteria that are resistant to various types of antibacterials can delay the recovery period from infectious disorders and cause treatment with antibiotics to become ineffective to use. For this reason, research to find new alternative antibacterial drugs from natural materials needs to be carried out. This study aims to determine the potential of Castanopsis tungurrut leaf and stem extracts as natural antibacterials against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The research method was extraction of samples by maceration with ethanol, ethyl acetate and aquadest. Antibacterial test with Kirby-Bauer method or disc diffusion. Identification of secondary metabolite compounds by TLC method and continued with metabolite profiling by spectrophotometric method. The results showed the highest antibacterial activity was found in 70% ethanol extract of stem at a concentration of 400 mg/mL with an inhibition zone diameter of 9.06 mm. The 70% ethanol leaf extract was detected to contain phenolics and flavonoids and the ethyl acetate leaf extract was detected to contain triterpenoid and phenolic compounds evaluated by TLC. The metabolite profile showed that ethyl acetate extract had maximum absorbance at 400-600 nm. The 70% ethanol extract has maximum absorbance at 270-350 nm. The distilled water extract had maximum absorbance at 205-250 nm.
Knowledge, Acceptance, and Willingness to Pay for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Endriyanti Fatimah , Endarti Dwi , Phodha Tuangrat
Published: November 2023

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer incidence in women. It has been recognized that Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is causative agent in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. In 2022, 117 countries have included HPV vaccine in their national immunization program. Understanding participants’ decision regarding their children and themselves being vaccinated is important to ensure high coverage of the vaccine. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of knowledge, acceptance, and willingness to pay for HPV vaccine. The required information was collected by searching with relevant keywords during OctoberDecember 2022 for articles published from 2013 – 2022 in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. The data were analyzed in Excel and reported descriptively. Finally, 22 studies were included to review. Most of the participants were female (96.44%) and the majority had health workers background (50.09%). The knowledge of mostly results was poor (40.9%). The acceptance of HPV vaccine was high, the range vary from 39–98.8%, especially for the vaccine with higher degree, longer duration of protection, lower out-of-pocket, and lower risk of side effects. Overall, the respondents’ attitude was positive toward vaccination. The most frequent method used for measuring WTP was CVM (54.54%). The average WTP range from 0.1– 17.51% to GDP per capita (9.9–745.25 USD). The cost was the primary reason that impact to the willingness to pay and acceptance. Results showed that the acceptance rate of HPV vaccination and WTP were relatively high when the vaccine was offered for free or reasonable price, even though their knowledge was poor. It is recommended to reduce the cost of vaccination program and to increase knowledge, awareness, and attitude of people.
D-Observability for a Coupled System of Wave Equations on Right Angle Triangles
Authors: Zu Chengxia
Published: November 2023

Based on the tiled method, we establish the equivalence between the D-observability for diagonalizable systems on the rectangular domain and the right angle triangle domain, and then get the sufficiency of Kalman’s rank condition to the D-observability for diagonalizable systems on some right angle triangles.
Entropy approach for managing the socio-economic development of the region
Authors: Islamutdinov V.F.
Published: November 2023

The article is focused on actual theories and approaches for managing the socio-economic development of the region. And also strengths and weaknesses of the actual theories and approaches of regional development are shown. The article studies the specifics of regional development in Europe, the USA, the Russian Federation and the countries of Central Asia. Entropy approach to study the economic phenomena and processes is offered as an integrated one. It is shown that all actual approaches to regional development can be explained under the entropy approach as special cases. Opportunities for practical application of entropy approach for managing the socio-economic development of the region are shown. As well as the strengths and weaknesses of the entropy approach and the opportunities for its further development are pointed out
PDE-convergence in euclidean norm of AMF-W methods for multidimensional linear parabolic problems
Authors: González-Pinto Severiano , Hairer Ernst , Hernández-Abreu Domingo
Published: November 2023

This work considers space-discretised parabolic problems on a rectangular domain subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions. For the time integration s-stage AMF-W-methods, which are ADI (alternating direction implicit) type integrators, are considered. They are particularly efficient when the space dimension m of the problem is large. Optimal results on PDE-convergence have recently been obtained in [S. González-Pinto, E. Hairer and D. Hernández-Abreu, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 417 (2023) 114642.] for the case m = 2. The aim of the present work is to extend these results to arbitrary space dimension m ≥ 3. It is explained which order statements carry over from the case m = 2 to m ≥ 3, and which do not.
Mixing effect for the bath with bottom regiment arrangements in the steelmaking converter
Authors: Gao Xinyu , Liu Kun , Yang Bin
Published: November 2023

The mixing efficiency of molten metal in a vessel is affected by the bottom blowing intensities and the positions of bottom nozzles. In this article, physical experiments and multiphase flow simulation models were used to investigate the effects that different distributions of bottom regiments have on the internal dynamic conditions of a molten bath. The results reveal that the configuration of the bottom regiments can overcome the drawback that a single blowing gas strand cannot effectively drive the rapid flow of liquid steel. When the outer regiments were kept on the circumference of a circle with a diameter ratio of 0.7 at the bottom of a furnace, the stirring force of blowing bubbles on molten steel was the strongest. Under a gas flowrate of 960 Nm3 · h−1, the minimum mixing time was 38 s, and the minimum proportion of inactive zone was 0.025. Also, from comparing the results of physical experiments and numerical simulations, it was found that the occurrence of coalescence in the bottom blowing gas streams is more beneficial for mixing the bath. Also, the range of the synergy of gas flow streams can be widened by increasing the distance between regiments and the bottom blowing flowrates.
Fondements scientifiques de l’utilisation du modèle linéaire sans seuil (LNT) aux faibles doses et débits de dose en radioprotection
Authors: Laurier D. , Billarand Y. , Klokov D. , Leuraud K.
Published: November 2023

Le modèle linéaire sans seuil (LNT) a été introduit dans le système de radioprotection il y a environ 60 ans, mais ce modèle et son utilisation en radioprotection sont encore débattus aujourd’hui. Cet article résume les résultats en radiobiologie et en épidémiologie accumulés au cours de la dernière décennie sur les effets d’une exposition aux rayonnements ionisants à faible Transfert d’Énergie Linéique (TEL) et discute de leur impact sur l’utilisation du modèle LNT dans l’évaluation des risques de cancer par rayonnement à faibles doses. Les connaissances acquises au cours des 10 dernières années, tant en radiobiologie qu’en épidémiologie, ont renforcé les fondements scientifiques sur les risques de cancer à faibles doses. En radiobiologie, bien que certains mécanismes ne soient pas linéaires avec la dose, les premiers stades de la cancérogenèse composés d’événements mutationnels, qui jouent un rôle clé dans la cancérogenèse, montrent des réponses linéaires à des doses aussi faibles que 10 mGy. L’impact des mécanismes non mutationnels sur le risque de cancer associé aux rayonnements à faibles doses est actuellement difficile à évaluer. En épidémiologie, les résultats montrent un excès de risques de cancer à des niveaux de dose de 100 mGy ou moins. Bien que certains résultats récents indiquent des relations non linéaires avec la dose pour certains types de cancers, le modèle LNT ne surestime pas substantiellement globalement les risques à faibles doses. Les résultats actuels, en radiobiologie ou en épidémiologie, ne démontrent pas l’existence d’un seuil de dose en dessous duquel le risque de cancer associé aux rayonnements serait nul. Des incertitudes persistent mais un tel seuil de dose, s’il existe, ne pourrait être supérieur à quelques dizaines de mGy. L’IRSN considère que les connaissances scientifiques actuellement disponibles ne remettent pas en cause l’utilisation du modèle LNT pour l’évaluation des risques de cancers radio-induits en appui au système de radioprotection. L’utilisation de ce modèle semble raisonnable d’un point de vue scientifique, et aucune autre relation dose-réponse ne semble plus adaptée ou justifiée à des fins de radioprotection.
Akupunktur in der ambulanten Pädiatrie
Authors: Anders Eric , Usichenko Taras
Published: November 2023

Akupunktur verbreitet sich sukzessive als effektive, kostengünstige,
nebenwirkungsarme und sichere supportive Therapiemethode für eine
Vielzahl von Erkrankungen. Das gilt auch für die Pädiatrie.
Aufgrund der Studienlage muss in der Kinderheilkunde häufiger auf Fall-
oder Anwendungsberichte zurückgegriffen werden. Dieser Artikel stellt
Akupunkturpunktkombinationen und kindgerechte Akupunkturmethoden für
häufige pädiatrische Krankheitsbilder bzw.
Behandlungsanlässe vor. Ein zentrales Anliegen ist es dabei, die Kinder
möglichst frühzeitig und angstfrei an die Akupunkturtherapie zu
gewöhnen, da diese schonend die Selbstheilungskräfte des
Körpers aktivieren und Ungleichgewichte harmonisieren kann.
Muskuloskelettale Besonderheiten und Beschwerden in der
Pädiatrie
Authors: Bamberg Astrid
Published: November 2023

Die Sensomotorik und die Propriozeption, auch an den
Wirbelsäulenabschnitten, haben einen großen Einfluss auf die
Statik und die Koordination der Beine. Die Aufrichtung (posturale Entwicklung)
des Menschen erfolgt mit Hilfe der Verarbeitung von
Wahrnehmungseindrücken und Sinnesreizen, die zur Ziel- und
Willkürbewegung führen. Bei sensorischen Störungen durch
und mit Haltungsschwächen und einem Muskelhypotonus folgt eine Kaskade
von „falschen“ Bewegungsmustern, die v. a. vor dem 5.
Lebensjahr im Sinne einer sensomotorischen Wahrnehmungsstörung in
Erscheinung treten. Wie lässt sich der Knick-Senk-Fuß einordnen:
Ist er physiologisch oder pathologisch? Gibt es Ursachen für die
nächtlichen benignen Beinschmerzen, die
„Wachstumsschmerzen“? In diesem Artikel geht es um die Aspekte
Sensorik, Aufrichtung, Koordination bis hin zur Sensibilisierung und
Verstärkung der Schmerzerfahrung ohne Traumata oder Bagatelltraumata
sowie Möglichkeiten, chronifizierte Schmerzen im Kindesalter zu
behandeln.
Ultrasound assessment of brain supplying arteries (extracranial)
Authors: Gröschel Klaus , Harrer Judith U. , Schminke Ulf , Stegemann Emilia , Allendörfer Jens
Published: November 2023

Ultrasonography of the brain-supplying arteries is a non-invasive and highly efficient technique for the assessment of a stenosis or a vessel occlusion in patients with cerebrovascular diseases. This article reviews the examination technique for a standardized ultrasound assessment of the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries. It further describes the multiparametric grading criteria of internal carotid artery stenosis and it gives recommendations for a standardised documentation of findings. Additionally, it proposes recommendations for intima-media thickness measurement and for classifying atherosclerotic plaques with B-mode ultrasonography. Moreover, criteria for the diagnosis of in-stent stenoses, vertebral artery dissections and subclavian steal syndrome are provided.
Randomisierter Vergleich unterschiedlicher Exit-Strategien bei der Hydrozelenresektion
Authors: Filmar Simon , Gross Andreas , Netsch Christopher , Rosenbaum Clemens , Becker Benedikt
Published: November 2023

Einleitung Die adulte Hydrozele stellt eine gutartige Vergrößerung des Skrotums dar, die bei ungefähr 60/100.000 Männer älter als 18 Jahren beobachtet werden kann. Für die Behandlung von symptomatischen Hydrozelen hat sich die operative Resektion der Hydrozele als Goldstandard etabliert. Postoperative Komplikationen sind bei dieser Operation häufig. Aufgrund fehlender Leitlinien für die Therapie der Hydrozele, erfolgt die Behandlung vor allem nach klinischer Erfahrung. Ziel der Untersuchung war eine randomisierte Studie zum Einfluss von Drainagen auf Komplikationen bei der Hydrozelenresektion nach von Bergmann durchzuführen.

Material und Methoden Insgesamt wurden 60 Patienten prospektiv in 3 Gruppen randomisiert. Jeweils erhielten die Gruppen entweder eine Easy-Flow-Drainage, eine Cuti-Med-Sorbact-Drainage oder keine Drainage. Als Komplikationen wurde Hämatom und Schwellung, Nachblutung, Infektion, Nebenhodenverletzung sowie Revisionsoperation klinisch diagnostiziert.

Ergebnisse Bei 31,6% (n=19/60) aller Patienten konnte eine Komplikation beobachtet werden. Bei der Easy-Flow-Drainage wurde bei 50% (n=10/20), bei der Cuti-Med-Sorbact 30% (n=6/20) und bei der Gruppe ohne Drainage 15% (n=3/20). Insgesamt wurde am häufigsten ein Hämatom mit Schwellung in 20% (n=12/60) der Fälle beobachtet. In 5% (n=3/60) der Fälle kam es zur einer Revisionsoperation. Histologisch zeigten sich 10% (n=6/60) Nebenhodenverletzungen. Im Vergleich des Kollektivs der Easy-Flow-Drainage mit dem Kollektiv ohne Drainage, konnte das Auftreten von Komplikationen (p<0,018) signifikant häufiger bei der Drainagegruppe beobachtet werden. Eine statisch signifikante Korrelation bezüglich Komplikationen zwischen der Gruppe des Cuti-Med-Sorbacts sowie keiner Drainage konnte nicht gezeigt werden (p<0,25).

Schlussfolgerungen Die Hydrozelenresektion ist ein komplikationsreicher Eingriff. Anhand der hier gezeigten Daten ist die Einlage einer Drainage mit einem erhöhten Risiko einer postoperativen Komplikation assoziiert. Die Easy-Flow-Drainage scheint keine geeignete Drainage für die Hydrozelenresektion zu sein. Soll intraoperativ eine Drainage eingelegt werden, kann die Cuti-Med-Sorbact-Drainage eine gute Alternative darstellen.
Parenteral Iron Therapy: Examining Current Evidence for Use in
Athletes
Authors: Fensham Nikita , McKay Alannah Kelly Anne , Sim Marc , Peeling Peter
Published: November 2023

A high prevalence of iron deficiency exists in athlete populations. Various
mechanisms, including increased losses through sweat, haemolysis, haematuria,
and gastrointestinal micro-ischemia; inadequate dietary intake; and transient
exercise-induced increases in the regulatory hormone, hepcidin, contribute to
the increased prevalence in athletes. Indeed, hepcidin has been shown to peak
around 3–6 hours post-exercise, limiting iron absorption from
the gut. As the practitioner’s ability to control losses is limited, the
key to treatment of iron deficiency in athletes is optimal timing of dietary and
oral iron supplementation around these periods of reduced gut absorption. While
timing and dosing schedule strategies might be sufficient to treat iron
deficiency non-anaemia, the significant lag to impact iron status is relatively
long. Therefore, in iron deficiency anaemia, the use of parenteral iron has the
benefit of rapid repletion of iron stores and normalisation of haemoglobin
status, while bypassing the action of hepcidin at the gut. Furthermore, newer
intravenous formulations can be administered as a single total dose over
15–60 min and have a similar safety profile to oral treatment.
This review discusses the existing evidence for parenteral iron use in athletes
and the unique context for consideration when choosing the parenteral route in
this population.
Diphenyl-tetrazol-propanamide Derivatives Act as Dual-Specific Antagonists of Platelet CLEC-2 and Glycoprotein VI
Authors: Watanabe Nobuo , Shinozaki Yoshiko , Ogiwara Sanae , Miyagasako Riko , Sasaki Ayumi , Kato Junko , Suzuki Yusuke , Fukunishi Natsuko , Okada Yoshinori , Saito Takeshi , Iida Yumi , Higashiseto Misaki , Masuda Haruchika , Nagata Eiichiro , Gotoh Kazuhito , Amino Mari , Tsuji Tomoatsu , Morita Seiji , Nakagawa Yoshihide , Hirayama Noriaki , Inokuchi Sadaki
Published: November 2023

Background Platelet C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) induces platelet activation and aggregation after clustering by its ligand podoplanin (PDPN). PDPN, which is not normally expressed in cells in contact with blood flow, is induced in inflammatory immune cells and some malignant tumor cells, thereby increasing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and tumor metastasis. Therefore, small-molecule compounds that can interfere with the PDPN–CLEC-2 axis have the potential to become selective antiplatelet agents.

Methods and Results Using molecular docking analysis of CLEC-2 and a PDPN–CLEC-2 binding-inhibition assay, we identified a group of diphenyl-tetrazol-propanamide derivatives as novel CLEC-2 inhibitors. A total of 12 hit compounds also inhibited PDPN-induced platelet aggregation in humans and mice. Unexpectedly, these compounds also fit the collagen-binding pocket of the glycoprotein VI molecule, thereby inhibiting collagen interaction. These compounds also inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation, and one compound ameliorated collagen-induced thrombocytopenia in mice. For clinical use, these compounds will require a degree of chemical modification to decrease albumin binding.

Conclusion Nonetheless, as dual activation of platelets by collagen and PDPN-positive cells is expected to occur after the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques, these dual antagonists could represent a promising pharmacophore, particularly for arterial thrombosis, in addition to VTE and metastasis.
An Investigation into the Fast-Food Consumption Habits of Public Health and Nursing Students at the University of Sunderland in London, UK
Authors: Parvin Sauda , Kabir Russell , Parsa Ali Davod , Sivasubramanian Madhini
Published: November 2023

Background It is generally believed that university students may consume nutritionally deprived foods, which can lead to weight gain and long-term health complications.

Aims This research aims to illustrate the fast-food consumption pattern of nursing and public health students at the University of Sunderland in London, United Kingdom.

Methods This cross-sectional study involved 235 nursing and public health students. The survey included a validated questionnaire, which provided insights into the general characteristics of the participants, their fast-food consumption patterns, reasons for fast-food consumption, and knowledge about fast food. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21, chi-squared tests conducted to determine the significance of the relationships between different variables. Odds ratio (OR) was utilized to assess the association between two variables.

Results About 50.6% of the students were aged between 20 and 29 years, and 77.4% patients were female, 46.8% single, and 31.1% unemployed. About 26.4% of the students were overweight, and 14.5% were obese. Fast-food consumption occurred during lunchtime (48.1%), followed by evening (37.0%). OR for fast-food enjoyment decreased significantly with age (from 0.54 for the age group 30–39 years old to only 0.13 in the age group 50–59). Married individuals were less likely to enjoy fast food than single nurses (OR = 0.54). Body mass index (BMI) was positively and significantly associated with fast-food enjoyment, with the OR increasing significantly with increasing BMI (from 5.9 for the BMI 18–24 kg/m2 up to 11.6 for BMI above 30 kg/m2). Females were more likely to enjoy the taste of fast food than males (48.4 vs. 32.1%). Males were more likely to favor fast food than females due to lack of cooking skills (7.5 vs. 1.6%), to save time (47.2 vs. 30.2%), and to fulfill their basic needs (26.4 vs. 11%). About 96.2% of females and 92.5% of males acknowledged that excessive consumption of fast food could lead to health problems.

Conclusion Fast-food consumption exhibited variability among university students, with females being more inclined toward the taste and males toward convenience. Age exhibited a negative association, while BMI displayed a positive association with fast-food enjoyment. Both genders acknowledged that excessive consumption of fast food could lead to health issues.