bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Science Learning Outcomes Through the Implementation of the Inquiry Learning Model During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Class IX-A Students of SMP Negeri 1 Bendungan for the 2021/2022 Academic Year
Authors: Susanto Edy Elly , Zaya Amer Shebl
Published: December 2023

This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The purpose of this classroom action research (CAR) is to find out how far the improvement of student learning outcomes in science subjects in Fermentation material by applying the Inquiry Learning model. In this classroom action research (CAR), it is carried out in 2 cycles, from the results of the actions taken it is proven to be able to improve student learning outcomes by achieving the classical mastery that is set at 85%. Classical completeness 73.3% obtained in the first cycle, can be increased in the second cycle to 87%. In terms of student activity, there was also an increase, namely in the first cycle, the moderately active category increased to an active category. The results of this action research show that the implementation of the Covid-19 Learning Period Inquiry Learning Model can improve student learning outcomes in science lessons on electrical. Material with completeness reaching 87 % At the end of cycle II.
Spotting Rooms for the Dignity of Jomblo in Higher Education
Authors: Melliani Mika , Munthe Yesyurun , Simanjuntak Nova Lady
Published: December 2023

This research aims to see the extent of perception, stigma and behavior of someone who holds the status of single. The research subjects consisted of students and those who have worked in a company. The stigma of being single can lead a person to be traumatized, less confident, aloof and powerless over themselves and outside themselves. Nonetheless, the four research subjects described being single as activity, creation, self-development, strengthening of the main self and carrying oneself through a good response to something that appears outside oneself. This study is a qualitative research by considering the case of singles, happiness, and unrest through literature review. The literature review comes from journals of recent findings as a secondary source in a study. The statement of this research is that being single is not only a choice, but the ability to build self and dignity in a process and inherent. The results showed that the four research subjects were able to resist stigma with constructive work in the classroom or at work as a stabilization of self-recognition to exist on the onslaught of stigma.
Interfaith Marriage Between a Muslim Man and a Woman from People of the Book According to Article 40 C of the Compilation of Islamic Law (Analysis of Decision Number: 959/Pdt.P/2020/PN. Bdg., Dated. 2 December 2020
Authors: Irvani Firman Arief , Songgirin Amin , Abubakar Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

Interfaith marriage is a very sensitive issue to discuss. The debate over the rules for interfaith marriages is caused by differences in interpretation of the verses of the Koran which explain the laws of marriage. Scholars agree that the marriage of a Muslim woman to a non-Muslim man is invalid. Regarding the marriage of Muslim men to non-Muslim women, there are differences of opinion. If the woman is a Mushrik woman then the marriage is invalid, whereas if the woman is a People of the Book, there are still scholars who view the marriage as valid and there are also those who view it as invalid. With various considerations, both from the verses of the Koran, the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad, and the rules of fiqh, the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) as a guide for Religious Court judges to decide cases regarding matters of marriage, inheritance and waqf among Muslims has prohibited firmly and clearly the marriage of a Muslim man to a woman from the People of the Book and vice versa, the marriage of a Muslim woman to a man from the People of the Book. The result of this prohibition is that children resulting from interfaith marriages are classified as illegitimate children who do not have any relationship with their father and only have a civil relationship with their mother.
Application for Marriage Dispensation for Minors Based on Law no. 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage and the Compilation of Islamic Law (Analysis of Religious Court Determination Number 79/Pdt.P/2018/PA.Msb)
Authors: Asmadillah Siti , Songgirin Amin
Published: December 2023

Prevention of marriage at a young age becomes difficult to implement with the existence of a marriage dispensation in the Religious Courts. If you see the permissibility of carrying out child marriages, this certainly raises a question mark about the legal certainty given by the judge. The purpose of this research is to find out the legal certainty of an underage marriage dispensation application in accordance with the principles of marriage and KHI and to find out the Islamic view of the Marriage Law on Court Decree No.79/Pdt.P/2018/PA.Msb The research method is descriptive normative. The data was obtain from a literature study. The results of this study are that the legal certainty of judges is not in line with the fundamental of marriage according to the law but in line with the fundamental of marriage according to Islamic law, so in deciding the request for dispensation of marriage the judge is more inclined to the fundamental of Islamic law.
Implementation of Minimum Mandatory Giro (Gwm) in Sharia Banking Perspective Analysis of Siyasah Syar'iyyah Maliyyahtitle
Authors: Gunawan Arfa
Published: December 2023

This research analyzesthe implementation of Mandatory Reserve Requirement (GWM) in Islamic banking in Indonesia, with a focus on the duplication of money resulting from the implementation of GWM in Islamic banking, the regulation of GWM in Islamic banking in the view of Siyasah Syar'iyyah Maliyyah, and finding a more just system solution for GWM regulation in Islamic banking in Indonesia. In this research, the researcher used a qualitative research method with a library research type and a philosophical approach. The results of this research show that GWM is a monetary instrument applied by the central bank to ensure the liquidity and solvency level of banks in the financial system. The purpose of implementing GWM is to ensure that banks have enough funds to handle their liquidity needs and to ensure the stability of the overall financial system. Then, the perspective of Siyasah Syariyyah Maliyyah shows that the implementation of Islamic economics in Indonesiamust be practiced according to the socio-cultural conditions in Indonesia. Currently, GWM is something that cannot be avoided, and there is still no new system that can replace it for Islamic banks. Therefore, GWM in Islamic banking is one of the monetary instruments that can control inflation. The existence of GWM in Islamic banking in the concept of Maslahah is at the level of tahsiniyat (tertiary). The debate over the existence of GWM in Islamic banking presents several solutions to provide justice for all parties, including changing the fractional reserve banking system to Narrow Banking, which clearly distinguishes between savings and deposits, emphasizes the principle of amanah, and separates profit-making activities in banking through cooperation with separate affiliate organizations from the bank itself. Because the fractional reserve banking system has been challenged in Switzerland, the solution to GWM gharar is the sovereign money system, which is similar to full reserve coverage, but goes further by giving full control over deposits seen by the central bank. So there is no gharar element. In other words, existing savings "create" loans
Implementation of Retail Selling Price Tariff Policy in Order to Increase Cigarette Excise Revenue at Kppbc Pasar Baru North Jakarta in 2022
Authors: Sianturi King Depa , Abubakar Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the Retail Selling Price Tariff Policy in Increasing Excise Revenues and to determine the obstacles and efforts made to overcome the obstacles faced in implementing the Retail Selling Price Tariff Policy. The research was conducted at KPPBC TMP C Pasar Baru, North Jakarta using a qualitative approach and the data obtained was the result of interviews with informants and documentation. The results of the research can be concluded that the Implementation of the Retail Selling Price Tariff Policy has been running optimally in increasing excise revenue, which can be proven by the large value of Realization of Excise Revenue in the Implementation of the Retail Selling Price Tariff Policy. In its implementation, there are obstacles faced in the form of technical obstacles from internal and external parties. To overcome the obstacles that occur, preventative efforts are made by providing information and direction to Taxpayers and the Public to fulfill and comply with the provisions that have been given to minimize misunderstanding of the objectives of the Tariff Policy in its implementation.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Income Tax Policy on Trade Transactions via Electronic Systems (E-Commerce) in Efforts to Increase Tax Revenue in 2018-2020 (Case Study at KPP Pratama Jakarta Jatinegara)
Authors: Maidah Ridwan Abdul Hakam , Hardan Ahmad Omar
Published: December 2023

According to the Association of Indonesian Internet Service Providers (APJII) in 2019-2020 internet users in Indonesia were 196.71 million people out of a total population of 266.91 million or 73.7% of the total. Along with the soaring use of the internet in Indonesia, this has created an opportunity for many people to do business through the internet (e commerce). This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of income tax policies on trade transactions through electronic systems (e-commerce), along with the inhibiting and driving factors in increasing tax revenues. The author uses the theory of Martani and Lubis (2009:55) quoted in the journal Journal of Governance vol.1. no. 2. 2021. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The data collection techniques used are interview, observation, and documentation methods. From the results of this study, the increase in income tax revenue on trade through electronic systems (e-commerce) cannot be said to be effective. In the realization of e-commerce tax revenue has not been realized optimally. Because not everyone understands the tax on e-commerce transactions and there is no stipulation of a mechanism from several merchants to register, this makes the data not optimally detected. This happens because the data for online business actors is incomplete, the lack of socialization provided, lack of awareness, lack of legal clarity, and efforts that can be made are to be able to carry out socialization on an ongoing basis through online and offline, collaborate with relevant stakeholders in encouraging taxpayers make a TIN, and build awareness in the scope of taxes on e-commerce transaction.
Exploring, describing, and mapping the constitutive elements of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) used in clinical practice
Authors: Eriksen Jeppe , Bygholm Ann , Bertelsen Pernille
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: The functionality and purpose of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have evolved as a result of their digitalisation and extended application in clinical practice. The diffusion of PROs on various organisational levels in different sectors and disease areas has further shaped their usage and construction. Thus, this paper identifies the main elements constituting a PRO in the context of clinical practice. The aim is to create a concept map (PRO Elements) grounded in the extant literature, translating, combining, and mediating different interpretations of PRO among stakeholders, to enhance users’ understanding and use of PROs with a particular focus on patient participation.

Methods: The study is based on a systematic document analysis—a sub-study of an extensive scoping review (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus) of PROs and patient participation in clinical practice.

Results: The mapping of PRO reveals that, in clinical practice, a combination of eight main elements constitutes a PRO— validated questionnaire(s), developers, content, measures, mediation, respondents, data, and outcomes – forming the concept map called PRO Elements.

Conclusion: The article provides an interdisciplinary mapping, presentation, and discussion of PROs’ constitutive elements, with an emphasis on patient participation. The holistic conceptualisation map illustrates various types of PROs that may prompt stakeholders to engage in discourse on the development, implementation, and evaluation of PROs to create more coherent and beneficial applications.
Deltagelse med data?
Authors: Langstrup Henriette , Eriksen Jeppe , Tørring Marie Louise , Bossen Claus
Published: December 2023

At det er vigtigt for sundhedsvæsenet og for den enkelte behandler at vide, hvordan patienten har det, og hvilke problemer patienten oplever, er næppe en overraskelse for nogen. Det er jo blandt andet en af grundene til, at patienter og læger mødes ansigt til ansigt i konsultationen. Hvad der måske er mere overraskende er, hvor stor en praktisk udfordring det er for sundhedssystemet at indsamle patienternes oplevelser og inddrage deres behov og vurdering af egen sundhedstilstand i såvel kliniske som administrative beslutninger. For hvordan får man på systematisk og relevant vis viden om, hvad der betyder noget for den enkelte patient i et sundhedssystem, der er presset af personalemangel, stram økonomi og stigende forventninger?
Global sundhed i dansk perspektiv
Authors: Segal Lotte Buch
Published: December 2023

Boganmeldelse af Konradsen og Meyrowitschs "Global Sundhed i Dansk Perspektiv" (2022) skrevet af Lotte Buch Segal.
Neuro-evolutionary evidence for a universal fractal primate brain shape
Authors: Wang Yujiang , Leiberg Karoline , Kindred Nathan , Madan Christopher R , Poirier Colline , Petkov Christopher I , Taylor Peter Neal , Mota Bruno
Published: December 2023

The cerebral cortex displays a bewildering diversity of shapes and sizes across and within species. Despite this diversity, we present a universal multi-scale description of primate cortices. We show that all cortical shapes can be described as a set of nested folds of different sizes. As neighbouring folds are gradually merged, the cortices of 11 primate species follow a common scale-free morphometric trajectory, that also overlaps with over 70 other mammalian species. Our results indicate that all cerebral cortices are approximations of the same archetypal fractal shape with a fractal dimension of df = 2.5. Importantly, this new understanding enables a more precise quantification of brain morphology as a function of scale. To demonstrate the importance of this new understanding, we show a scale-dependent effect of ageing on brain morphology. We observe a more than fourfold increase in effect size (from two standard deviations to eight standard deviations) at a spatial scale of approximately 2 mm compared to standard morphological analyses. Our new understanding may, therefore, generate superior biomarkers for a range of conditions in the future.
A Case of Gastric Mixed Neuroendocrine-Nonneuroendocrine Neoplasm Composed With Adenoma and Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Hong Kwon-Eui , Kim Yeon Ji , Choi Yoon Jung
Published: December 2023

Mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly gastric MiNENs are rare, and a gastric adenoma that occurs concomitant with a neuroendocrine carcinoma (and not gastric adenocarcinoma) is extremely rare. The clinicopathologic and pathogenetic features of MiNENs remain unclear, and treatment guidelines are currently unavailable. A 75-year-old man patient was referred to our hospital for management of a gastric adenoma. Endoscopy revealed an elevated mucosal lesion (10 mm×10 mm) at the greater curvature of the lower gastric body. The patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for removal of the gastric neoplasm. Histopathological evaluation revealed mixed epithelial dysplasia, low and partly high grade and a neuroendocrine tumor (grade 1). Immunohistochemical analysis showed neoplastic cells with immunopositivity for CD56, synaptophysin, and INSM1, and Ki-67 showed 2.2%. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with a low-grade gastric MiNEN. We present a rare case of gastric MiNENs (adenoma-neuroendocrine tumor) together with a literature review.
Survival and grade of the glioma prediction using transfer learning
Authors: Valbuena Rubio Santiago , García-Ordás María Teresa , García-Olalla Olivera Oscar , Alaiz-Moretón Héctor , González-Alonso Maria-Inmaculada , Benítez-Andrades José Alberto
Published: December 2023

Glioblastoma is a highly malignant brain tumor with a life expectancy of only 3–6 months without treatment. Detecting and predicting its survival and grade accurately are crucial. This study introduces a novel approach using transfer learning techniques. Various pre-trained networks, including EfficientNet, ResNet, VGG16, and Inception, were tested through exhaustive optimization to identify the most suitable architecture. Transfer learning was applied to fine-tune these models on a glioblastoma image dataset, aiming to achieve two objectives: survival and tumor grade prediction.The experimental results show 65% accuracy in survival prediction, classifying patients into short, medium, or long survival categories. Additionally, the prediction of tumor grade achieved an accuracy of 97%, accurately differentiating low-grade gliomas (LGG) and high-grade gliomas (HGG). The success of the approach is attributed to the effectiveness of transfer learning, surpassing the current state-of-the-art methods. In conclusion, this study presents a promising method for predicting the survival and grade of glioblastoma. Transfer learning demonstrates its potential in enhancing prediction models, particularly in scenarios with limited large datasets. These findings hold promise for improving diagnostic and treatment approaches for glioblastoma patients.
Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with the decline in cognitive functioning in young adults
Authors: Murtaza Ghulam , Sultana Razia , Abualait Turki , Fatima Mishal , Bashir Shahid
Published: December 2023

Coronaviruses have caused widespread disease and death worldwide, leading to the implementation of lockdown measures and the closure of educational institutions in various countries. This research aims to investigate the impact of social isolation on the cognitive functioning of young students. The study included 84 subjects, with 48 being socially isolated and 36 non-isolated individuals. The participants’ mental health was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), while cognitive functions were evaluated through attention-switching tasks (AST), pattern recognition memory (PRM), and choice reaction time (CRT) tests utilizing the Cambridge Neuropsychological Automated Battery (CANTAB) software. The socially isolated group had an average age of 21.3 ± 1.1 years, whereas the non-isolated group had an average age of 22.8 ± 2.0 years. The MMSE scores were 25.8 ± 1.6 for the socially isolated group and 28.6 ± 1.3 for the non-isolated group. In terms of cognitive functioning, there were significant differences (p = 0.000) observed in the values of AST correct latency for non-switching blocks (blocks 3 and 5) between the socially isolated group (608.1 ± 139.2) and the non-isolated group (499.5 ± 67.8). Similarly, the AST mean correct latency for switching blocks (block 7) was significantly different (p = 0.012) between the socially isolated group (784.4 ± 212.5) and the non-isolated group (671.8 ± 175.6). The socially isolated group exhibited significantly higher values in AST correct mean latency, AST congruent mean latency, AST incongruent mean latency, and AST percent mean correct trials compared to the non-isolated group. Additionally, the PRM mean percent correct significantly differed (p = 0.000) between the isolated group (81.3 ± 12.0) and the non-isolated group (91.9 ± 9.2). The isolated group also showed a higher CRT correct mean latency (482.4 ± 128.9) than the non-isolated group (451.0 ± 59.0), however the difference was not significant. In conclusion, social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a decline in the cognitive functioning of young students.
Intrathecal Buprenorphine versus Intrathecal Fentanyl as Adjuvants to Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Spinal Anaesthesia for Lower Segment Caesarean Sections: A Randomised Clinical Study
Authors: Patel Nelka Mukeshkumar , Panditrao Mridul Madhav
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Spinal anaesthesia is the choice technique for Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS). When using subarachnoid block (spinal analgesia), opioids are employed as the main adjuvants along with local anaesthetics to achieve intra/postoperative analgesia. These opioids have desirable properties such as reducing the dose of local anaesthetics, minimising side-effects, providing analgesia, and prolonging the duration of anaesthesia. Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy between intrathecal Buprenorphine and Fentanyl as adjuvants to hyperbaric bupivacaine (0.5%) in women undergoing LSCS under spinal anaesthesia. Materials and Methods: A randomised double-blinded clinical trial was conducted at Bharati Vidyapeeth Hospital and Research Centre in Pune, Maharashtra, India between July 2021 and February 2022. A total of 80 parturients with American Society of Anaesthesilogists (ASA) grade II, aged 18 and older, scheduled for elective LSCS, were randomly divided into two groups of 40 each. Group B received 1.8 mL of 0.5% Bupivacaine with 60 μg Buprenorphine, while Group F received 1.8 mL of 0.5% Bupivacaine with 25 μg Fentanyl. The onset/duration of motor block and sensory block, intraoperative haemodynamics, sideeffects, postoperative pain, and demand for the first rescue analgesia were assessed using Chi-square test, Fisher’s-exact probability test, or independent sample t-test. Results: Demographic data such as age, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and ASA grade were similar in both groups. The mean duration of surgery in Group B and Group F was 48.12±6.86 min and 48.25±6.56 min, respectively. The mean duration of sensory blockade in Group B was 264.38±37.16 min, and in Group F it was 193.50±34.27 min. The total duration of motor block was 231.00±43.74 minutes in Group B and 171.00±36.87 min in Group F. The total duration of sensory and motor block in Group B was significantly longer (p-value <0.05). The mean time to first rescue analgesia in Group B and Group F was 304.63 min and 228.63 min, respectively (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: The present study concluded that both drugs are safe and suitable as adjuvants with local anaesthetics in spinal anaesthesia for LSCS. The addition of intrathecal buprenorphine to bupivacaine provides a more promising postoperative analgesic effect compared to intrathecal fentanyl, without causing any significant maternal or neonatal side-effects.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Self-medication among Patients Attending the Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic at a Tertiary Care Hospital in West Bengal, India
Authors: Nandy Manab , Saha Rahul , Sarkar Suhena , Maitra Arpita , Koley Swagata , Banerjee Shritama
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Self-medication is an important health issue. The rising tendency of self-medication has been a cause for concern. Rheumatic patients, being vulnerable to various symptoms like pain and fever, may resort to self-medication. Although several studies have been conducted among different populations, there is a lack of literature focusing on rheumatic disease patients in India. Aim: To investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of self-medication among patients attending the Rheumatology Outpatient clinic at a tertiary care centre in eastern India. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic in Medical College Kolkata, a tertiary hospital in West Bengal, India, from July 21, 2021, to September 20, 2021. A total of 105 patients attending the rheumatology outpatient clinic were included in the study. Data were collected by conducting interviews with the patients using prestructured and prevalidated questionnaire after obtaining informed consent. The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of self-medication were assessed, and the data were statistically analysed using Chi-square tests. Results: The mean age of the study population was 38.77 years±12.56 years. Among the 105 subjects, 61 (58.1%) were suffering from arthritis, 26 (24.8%) from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), and 6 (5.7%) from kidney disease. A total of 75 (71.4%) study subjects reported that they knew what self-medication was. The majority of the patients (86.7%) were unaware of the common adverse effects. However, 90 (85.7%) stated that self-medication was generally not beneficial, whereas 9 (8.6%) held the opposite view. A total of 64 (61%) reported having practiced self-medication in the past year. Conclusion: The present study reported a self-medication rate of 61%. Self-medication was found to be more frequent among the younger age group, females, and individuals with higher educational qualifications.
Breast Cancer Risk Stratification and Screening Practices of Women in South Kerala, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: John Susanna , Jose Regi , Sukumaran Anil Bindu , Leelavathy Manju , Benny PV
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The incidence of breast cancer is increasing in India, making it the most common cancer among women. Early detection of breast cancer is crucial for reducing morbidity, mortality, and improving the quality of life for patients. However, breast cancer mortality rates are higher in India compared to other parts of the world, possibly due to late-stage diagnosis. Regular screening is key to early detection, but population screening is not feasible in India due to limited resources. Therefore, high-risk screening is a more practical approach. Assessing individual risk using a breast cancer risk calculator can help identify asymptomatic women at high-risk and motivate them to undergo regular screening, leading to early detection. Aim: To assess the risk of developing breast cancer among women in Kerala using a breast cancer risk calculator and to describe their screening practices. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1861 women aged over 30 years in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Personal details of the participants, major known risk factors of breast cancer, and information about breast cancer screening practices were collected using a questionnaire. Breast cancer risk stratification was performed using the Snehita breast cancer risk calculator. Results: According to the breast cancer risk calculator, 12.74% of the women were classified as high-risk and 65.18% had a normal risk of developing breast cancer. Among the participants, 82.64% stated that they had never undergone any breast cancer screening procedures. Conclusion: Despite Kerala being a state with high female literacy rate, the screening practices for breast cancer were found to be very low (17.36%). Additionally, 12.74% of the women were identified as being at high-risk of developing breast cancer. Breast cancer risk calculators can serve as a motivational tool to encourage women to undergo regular screening.
Artificial Intelligence: An Innovative Approach in Orthodontics: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sharma Mansi S , Jadhav Vikrant , Bhuskute Kushal Prakash , Reche Amit
Published: December 2023

The present article aims to describe how Artificial Intelligence (AI) assists orthodontics with its potent algorithms for identification and prediction, aiding medical professionals in making better treatment choices. AI is a valuable tool for helping orthodontists determine the best approach for moving teeth with orthodontic appliances to predetermined positions. Symbolic AI, an expertise system based on human comprehension of a problem, organises knowledge into algorithmic structures. While it remains applicable for problem-solving with limited potential outcomes and the need for human explainability, building rule-based models in complex healthcare scenarios with multiple explanatory variables proves exceptionally challenging, if not impossible. However, modern AI often overlooks oral disorders, fails to fully incorporate facial analysis into its models, and neglects functional issues when developing remedies. Nonetheless, AI does improve imaging, diagnosis, specificity, and more in various situations, from identifying syndromes to detecting caries. Orthodontic diagnosis is complex, involving the simultaneous assessment of multiple facial features from different perspectives. Digital dentistry tools and AI-driven automation solutions have streamlined the process by digitally recording patient history and reducing diagnostic variations, benefiting both diagnosis and treatment. With its problem-solving capabilities, AI is starting to provide orthodontists with more powerful resources to deliver higher standards of care. AI-based technology can be utilised to gain new insights from various types of medical data. The present article aims to provide a concise overview of the use of AI in orthodontic care. The literature review is divided into six categories: extraction or non extraction therapy in orthodontic treatment, orthognathic surgery, segmentation and landmark identification, growth prediction, cleft-related studies, and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) classification.
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange: A Cross-sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre, Srinagar, India
Authors: Ryhan Rubiya , Makdoomi Rumana Hamid , Tali Hilal Ahmad
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) is a procedure in which blood is passed extracorporeally through an automated cell separator which separates plasma from cellular components of blood. The plasma (along with diseased component) is removed and replaced with a replacement solution colloid/crystalloid. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the outcome of TPE. Material and Methods: The present study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Blood Transfusion and Immunohematology at Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Science Soura Srinagar (SKIMS), over a period of 20 months from February 2021 to September 2022. All the patients sent from various departments for TPE had to fulfill some basic formalities like: informed consent (after explaining the procedure, risks, benefits and alternative treatment options) and some baseline investigations {Complete Blood Count (CBC), Liver Function Test (LFT), Kidney Function Test (KFT), electrolytes, triple serology, coagulation profile, serum protein, Blood grouping etc.,}. The rationale was that the substance to be removed should exist in plasma that contributes to a symptom/disease, large enough (>15000 D) that it can’t be removed by conventional therapy and should have prolonged half life. Data was collected in Microsoft Excel and descriptive statistics was used for the analysis of data in terms of frequencies and percentages. Results: A total of 20 patients underwent TPE. A 12 (60%) of patients were males. A 11 (55%) of patients were in the age group of 20-40 years. Good response (improvement in laboratory (lab) and clinical parameters) was found in 15 (75%) of patients while no response was shown by 5 (25%) of patients. A 3 (15%) of the patients suffered mild adverse [Two patients suffered nausea and vomiting and one patient suffered mild allergic reactions (rashes and urticaria)] reactions which were managed by antiemetic and antiallergic medications. Conclusion: TPE has placed blood centers and transfusion services in the position of providing direct medical care for a patient. It is a useful treatment modality (usually temporary) used in a variety of life threatening conditions. It is not only safe and effective treatment but also cost effective and alternative to Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG).
Vitamin D Status in Patients with Renal Disorders at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mohamed Maneesha , Sridhar Magadi Gopalakrishna , Manickam Dhivya
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Patients with renal disorders often have insufficient levels of vitamin D. One of the key enzymes involved in activating vitamin D, 1-α hydroxylase, is present in the kidneys. As a result, patients with kidney diseases are more susceptible to developing vitamin D deficiency, which can increase mortality and morbidity in these patients. Additionally, variations in lifestyle and culture can contribute to geographical differences in baseline serum vitamin D levels. Aim: To evaluate and compare serum vitamin D levels in patients with various renal disorders. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry at the KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research Centre in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India from August 2018 to August 2019. Data from 269 patients were collected from the Medical Records Department (MRD) using a predefined data collection tool. All patients with renal disease, regardless of disease severity, who had serum vitamin D levels measured during the study period were included. The collected data included age, gender, height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), dietary history, diagnosis, serum vitamin D3 levels, and serum creatinine levels. The data were statistically analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: Among the study participants, 148 were males and 121 were females, with a mean age of 54.12±17.43 years. The mean vitamin D3 level in the study population was 20.8 ng/mL. The mean serum creatinine and urea levels were 2.2±1.1 mg/ dL and 63.2±42.1 mg/dL, respectively. The mean estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) was 41.4±25.34 ml/min/1.73 m2. The mean serum calcium, phosphate, and uric acid levels were 5.8±2.65 mg/dL, 2.16±0.87 mg/dL, and 3.6±2.3 mg/dL, respectively. One-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in serum vitamin D3 levels among patients with different renal diseases (F=0.473, p=0.854). Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed no significant correlation between serum vitamin D3 levels and any other parameters. Conclusion: In present study, only 23% of patients had vitamin D levels within the normal reference range, 22% had insufficient vitamin D levels, and 55% had vitamin D deficiency. No significant difference in vitamin D levels was observed among patients with different renal diseases.
Willingness of Coconut Growers to Join Farmer Producer Companies in Western Tamil Nadu–An Exploratory Study
Authors: Kalidas K. , Nila S. , Priyadharshini  , Sudesh V.
Published: December 2023

Coconut, a versatile crop called as ‘Kalpaviriksha’ – A tree of Heaven. India, with the rich biodiversity of coconut, is the largest producer with 33.02 percent share or 22167 million nuts of the world's largest production of 67128 million nuts. But still, the farmers facing difficulties in marketing coconut. The constraints pertaining to the marketing of coconut were lack of government procurement system, lack of co-operative marketing, lack of proper market information, monopoly of market intermediaries, fluctuation in market price, and high commission among intermediaries were the major problems faced by the coconut growers.  This study analyses the perception and preference of coconut farmers in joining coconut producer companies in the Western Tamil Nadu. Descriptive analysis and Garret raking technique has been used and concluded that price provided by the FPC was good and fair enough compared to the market price, which was the major reason for joining the FPC and lack of awareness on benefits obtained, share capital contribution requirement, and benefits not distributed evenly are the major problem in not joining the FPCs.
The Geophysical Investigation of Leachate Formation in Mgbuka Obosi, Idemili North Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Obiabunmo O. C  , Obiekezie T. N
Published: December 2023

The contamination of leachates (a polluted liquid made up of various toxic substances) from landfills is a significant environmental concern, especially in developing countries.This contaminated fluid is formed when rainwater interacts with refuse and travels through the pore spaces in soil. Constant migration of this fluid poses a significant threat to the quality of both surface and groundwater in and close to the landfill area. To determine the extent of leachate formation, the study used both Very Low-Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and Electric Resistivity Tomography (ERT) to locate and define the spatial distribution of the leachate plume migration pathway at Mkpuka Obosi Dumpsite in Idemili North LGA of Anambra, Nigeria. Seven profiles were surveyed for both the VLF-EM and ERT. The VLF-EM survey, with a profile length of 100 to 200m and a 10m interstation spacing, revealed the presence of a conductive pollutant (leachate plume) in the subsurface. The results from the 2D ERT survey that employed a Wenner array with a profile length of 100 to 200m and an electrode spacing of 5m, divided the subsurface into six zones with an unusually low resistivity ranging from 0-250\(\Omega\)m. The leachate plumes were interpreted as the zone with the lowest resistivity of 0 to 25\(\Omega\)m, having an average thickness of approximately 10m and extending beyond the probed depth of 50m. Additionally, the percentage of leachate was found to be concentrated primarily at the center of the landfill and gradually decreasing proportionally from the center. Thus, emphasizing the importance of addressing the issues in landfill management.
Screening of Sesame Genotypes against Major Insect-Pests
Authors: Bhura Sanjay , Singh Pradyumn , Mahore Prince , Makwana Mitesh , Sharma Sonu , Mahor Dheerendra
Published: December 2023

An investigation was carried out at research farm, college of agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior to evaluate sesame genotypes for susceptible/resistance to major insect pests. Out of Ten sesame genotypes, TKG-501 and SCS-551 showed lowest  plant damage, flower damage and  capsule damage against sucking insect pests namely; white fly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.), jassid (Amrasca devastans Ishida) and til hawk moth (Acherontia styx Westwood) while, the highest per cent of infestation showed in TKG-55. For leaf roller and capsule borer (Anigastra catalaunalis), TKG-501 and TKG-518 genotypes showed lowest infestation; whereas JTS-8 and SCS-551 showed highest  plant damage, flower damage  and  capsule damage respectively. TKG-501, TKG-518 and TKG-55 showed lowest plant damage, flower damage (%) and  capsule damage against gall fly (Asphondylia sesame Felt) and mirid bug (Nesidiocoris sp.) while, the highest per cent of infestation showed in JTS-8 and TKG-308 genotypes.
Estimated Fiscal Effects of Medicare Advantage’s Quartile Payment System
Authors: Murray Roslyn C. , Meyers David J. , Brown Erin C. Fuse , Ryan Andrew M.
Published: December 2023

This economic analysis estimates fiscal effects of the quartile adjustments made to Medicare Advantage payments as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.
Gut dysbiosis induced by florfenicol increases susceptibility to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Zebrafish Danio rerio after the recommended withdrawal period
Authors: Burgos Francisca A. , Cai Wenlong , Arias Covadonga R.
Published: December 2023

Objective

Florfenicol (FFC) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat both systemic and external bacterial infections in food fish. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of FFC-medicated feed on the gut microbiota of Zebrafish Danio danio to determine (1) if the therapeutic dose of FFC-medicated feed induces dysbiosis and (2) if fish with altered gut microbiota were more susceptible to subsequent infection by the common opportunistic fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila.

Methods

Zebrafish that were treated with regular and FFC-medicated feeds were artificially challenged with A. hydrophila at the end of the recommended 15-day antibiotic withdrawal period. The gut microbiota of the Zebrafish at different stages was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.

Result

Our results found that FFC-medicated feed induced disruption of the gut microbiota. Dysbiosis was observed in all treated groups, with a significant increase in bacterial diversity, and was characterized by a remarkable bloom of Proteobacteria and a drastic decline of Mycoplasma and Cetobacterium in treated animals but without noticeable clinical signs or mortalities. In addition, the increase of Proteobacteria was not significantly reduced after the recommended 15-day withdrawal period, and the Zebrafish treated with FFC-medicated feed exhibited a significantly higher mortality rate when they were subsequently challenged with A. hydrophila compared to the control (regular feed) groups. Interestingly, the most dramatic changes in the gut microbiome composition occurred at the transition time between the late stage of the medicated treatment and the beginning of the withdrawal period instead of the time during the Aeromonas infection.

Conclusion

The administration of FFC-medicated feed at the recommended dose induced gut dysbiosis in Zebrafish, and fish did not recover to the baseline after the recommended withdrawal period. Our findings suggest that the use of antibiotics in fish elicits a response similar to those previously described in mammals and possibly makes the host more susceptible to subsequent infections of opportunistic pathogens. This study using a controlled model system suggests that antibiotics in aquaculture may have long-term effects on the general well-being of the fish.
Machine‐Learning Assisted Screening Proton Conducting Co/Fe based Oxide for the Air Electrode of Protonic Solid Oxide Cell
Authors: Wang Ning , Yuan Baoyin , Zheng Fangyuan , Mo Shanyun , Zhang Xiaohan , Du Lei , Xing Lixin , Meng Ling , Zhao Lei , Aoki Yoshitaka , Tang Chunmei , Ye Siyu
Published: December 2023

Proton‐conducting solid oxide cells (P‐SOCs) as energy conversion devices for power generation and hydrogen production have attracted increasing attention recently. The lack of efficient proton‐conducting air electrodes is a huge obstacle to developing high‐performance P‐SOCs. The currently widely used air electrode material is Co/Fe based perovskite oxide, however, there is still no systematic research on studying and comparing the roles of diversiform elements at the B site for Co/Fe based perovskite oxide. Here, a machine learning (ML) model with eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm is built to quickly and accurately predict the proton absorption amount of Co/Fe based perovskite oxides with 27 elements dopant at B site. Hereafter, La(Co0.9Ni0.1)O3 (LCN91) is screened by a combination of the ML model and the density functional theory calculation. Finally, LCN91 is applied to the air electrode of P‐SOC, and the cell exhibits excellent electrochemical performances in fuel cell and electrolysis modes. The current study not only provides a useful model for screening air electrodes of P‐SOC, but also extends the application of ML in exploring the key materials for P‐SOCs and other fuel cells/electrolyzers.
Tandem Catalysis for Enhanced CO2 to Ethylene Conversion in Neutral Media
Authors: Chen Baotong , Gong Lei , Li Ning , Pan Houhe , Liu Yunpeng , Wang Kang , Jiang Jianzhuang
Published: December 2023

Selective electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) into value‐added hydrocarbon products such as C2H4 provides a sustainable approach to producing carbon chemicals, which however remains a great challenge owing to the multi‐electron transfer process during CO2 electroreduction. Herein, a tandem catalyst a‐Ni/Cu‐NP@CMK is developed by encapsulating Cu nanoparticles (Cu NPs) into hydrophobic cubic mesoporous carbon with doped atomic Ni‐N4 moieties. Electrochemical tests demonstrate the outstanding C2H4 selectivity of a‐Ni/Cu‐NP@CMK with a high Faraday efficiency (FE) of 72.3% for C2H4 at a large current density of 406.1 mA cm−2 in a flow cell under a neutral medium. Moreover, when used as the cathode catalyst in membrane electrode assembly, a‐Ni/Cu‐NP@CMK stably delivers a current density of 200 mA cm−2 with a FEC2H4 of 63% at ‐2.8 V for 30 h, providing a full‐cell energy efficiency of 28.3% for C2H4 production. Comparative studies disclose that the hydrophobic microenvironment of the Cu NPs in a‐Ni/Cu‐NP@CMK successfully suppresses the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction and improves the CO2RR selectivity. Additionally, in situ spectroscopic investigations and theoretical calculations reveal that the efficient CO2‐to‐CO conversion on the Ni‐N4 moieties feeds Cu NPs with enriched adsorbed CO (*CO), which facilitates the C─C coupling between adjacent *CO to form C2H4.
Flexible and Stretchable Liquid‐Metal Microfluidic Electronics Using Directly Printed 3D Microchannel Networks
Authors: Yamagishi Kento , Ching Terry , Chian Nicole , Tan Martin , Zhou Wenshen , Huang Shao Ying , Hashimoto Michinao
Published: December 2023

This paper describes a method for fabricating microfluidic electronics with 3D interconnected networks by direct ink writing (DIW)‐based 3D printing. Existing 3D printing technologies have yet to simultaneously realize 1) direct printing of interconnected multilayered microchannels without supporting materials or post‐processing and 2) integration of electronic elements with microchannels during the process of printing. This research aims to develop a method to fabricate support‐free microchannels consisting of silicone sealant without the collapse of the extruded structure while integrating electronic elements during the fabrication by DIW. The injection of liquid metal into 3D‐printed microchannels allows the formation of electrical connections between 3D conductive networks and the embedded electronic elements, enabling the fabrication of flexible and stretchable liquid metal antenna coils. To demonstrate a practical application, 1) a skin‐attachable radio‐frequency identification (RFID) tag using a commercial skin‐adhesive plaster as a substrate and 2) free‐standing flexible wireless light‐emitting devices with a small footprint (21.4 mm × 15 mm) for potential implantable applications are produced. This technology will offer a new capability to realize the automated fabrication of stretchable printed circuits with 3D configuration of electrical circuits consisting of liquid metals.