bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complex Automatic Determination of Morphological Parameters for Bone Tissue in Human Paranasal Sinuses
Authors: Nechyporenko Alina.S. , Radutny Radiy , Alekseeva Victoriia V. , Titova Ganna , Gargin VitaliyV.
Published: November 2021

Introduction:

Application of automated analysis currently occupies a leading position in every field of science and technology.

The aim of our study was to provide a complex automatic determination of morphological parameters for bone tissue in human paranasal sinuses.

Materials and Methods:

The study involved 50 patients aged 20 to 60, male and female without signs of inflammatory or other pathological processes in the paranasal sinuses (PNSs).

Results:

Bone density in a high-contrast image of the section can be determined by fluctuations in colour intensity. Before cleaning, the image is blurred using the Gaussian function. As a result of this operation, the images become less clear and small details merge. An algorithm known as the Connie Border Detector has found widespread use.

The curves denoting the contours can run vertically, horizontally or diagonally at different angles. Detection of the direction of curves passing vertically and horizontally is not complicated, and for curves of the diagonal direction, the Sobel operator is used, with the vertical direction Gy and horizontal Gx as the value of the first derivative. Selection of areas of bone tissue requires the assessment of brightness gradient along the long side of the area. For clarity, this operation was shown graphically.

Conclusion:

Within the scope of this work, we have developed a method for an automatic comprehensive assessment of the morphological structure of the PNSs walls with the measurement of bone density and thickness.
Community-based waste management model in DKI Jakarta
Authors: Husen Achmad , Samadi Samadi
Published: November 2021

The waste management that has been running in Jakarta today, where the majority still use the collect-transport-dump system, has been changed to a waste management approach that integrates the roles of the community, government and the private sector. This study aims to find a suitable waste management model for the DKI Jakarta Province. The research method used was descriptive analysis and a research and development approach. The informants are respondents consist of government officials related to waste management (Environmental Service), community leaders and local waste management activists. The results of the study show that The community based waste management model has so far proved to work when there is full Local Authority support and success is possible when the members of Local Organizations offering the service are form within the same community. The model has not only addressed the environmental problems resulting from poor waste management but has to a great extent contributed to the establishment of local good environment condition standards. Although the government programs in its infancy the results achieved so far indicate great potential for the improvement of the living environment through processes that are managed by communities.
Illusionism in sacred monumental painting of the baroque era, optics of perception
Authors: Tkachuk Ilona , Lysun Yaryna , Hrynda Bohdana , Shymin Yaroslav , Yankovska Daria
Published: November 2021

The investigation of the mechanisms of dual influence in a pair “work of art – viewer” opens up important opportunities for the worldview, cultural, aesthetic intentions laid down by the author(s), outlines the ways of transmitting the message to the recipient and assesses the effectiveness. The authors of this article analyse the practices of applying the mechanisms and principles of neuroaesthetics in the perception of baroque monumental paintings and the effects caused by the conscious use of illusory techniques in the duality of relationships. The authors of the article aim to find out the principles of the formation of cognitive and aesthetic connections expressed in specific formal principles-approaches, in the processes of perception of illusionistic baroque painting by the primary addressee-a person of the Baroque era – from the point of view of neuroaesthetics. The methodology refers to the implementing a multidisciplinary approach, based on the synthesis of cultural, anthropological and art research methods. To solve research problems and achieve results, we turn to the functional method and the modelling method, thanks to which defining effective models of interaction in the pair “work of art – recipient” and modes of functioning of consciousness when generating a pictorial image.
İnfertil Bireylerin Kaygı Düzeyleri, Sosyal Destek Algısı ve Evlilik Uyumunun İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞENOĞLU Ayşe , ALAN Sultan
Published: November 2021

Giriş: İnfertilite tıbbi, psikolojik ve sosyal sorunları beraberinde getiren, kültürel, dinsel ve sınıfsal yönleri olan bir süreçtir. Bu araştırma, infertil bireylerin kaygı düzeylerinin, sosyal destek algılarının ve evlilik uyumlarının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma, Ekim-Nisan 2017 tarihleri arasında, Türkiye’de özel bir hastanenin tüp bebek merkezi ile bir üniversite hastanesinin infertilite polikliniğinde tanımlayıcı nitelikte yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemini, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 184 kadın ve 77 erkek olmak üzere toplam 261 infertil birey oluşturmuştur. Veriler, soru formu, Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği (STAI I-II), Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) ve Evlilikte Uyum Ölçeği (EUÖ) formları kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizleri SPSS programı ile sayı, yüzde dağılımları, ortalama, standart sapma, Bağımsız Gruplarda t testi, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H ve Spearman Korelasyon testleri kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 38,62±11,64, Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 43,51± 8,96; ÇBASDÖ toplam puan ortalaması 54,23±20,99; EUÖ toplam puan ortalaması 46,42±8,92 olarak bulunmuştur. Araştırmada STAI I-II toplam puan ortalamaları ile ÇBASDÖ toplam puan ortalamaları ve EUÖ toplam puan ortalamaları arasında negatif yönlü istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (rs=-0,151, p=0,014; rs =-0,223, p=0,000). Katılımcıların eğitim durumu, çalışma durumu ve gelir düzeyi ile STAI I-II toplam puan ortalamaları ve ÇBASDÖ toplam puan ortalamaları açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Katılımcıların gelir getiren bir işte çalışmaları, eğitim ve gelir düzeylerinin yüksek olması kaygı düzeylerini azaltmakta, sosyal destek algısını arttırmaktadır. Sonuç: Ölçeklerden elde edilen puan ortalamalarına göre katılımcılar orta düzeyde kaygılı, orta düzeyin üzerinde sosyal destek algısına sahip ve EUÖ toplam puan ortalamalarına göre katılımcıların %75,5’nin evlilikleri uyumlu olarak bulunmuştur. Bireylerin gelir getiren bir işte çalışmaları, eğitim ve gelir düzeylerinin yüksek olması kaygı düzeylerini azaltmakta, sosyal destek algılarını ise arttırmaktadır. Bireylerin kaygı düzeyleri arttıkça, sosyal destek algısı ve evlilik uyumları azalmaktadır.
Pengembangan Media	Audio Visual Panduan Praktis Pola Hidup Sehat bagi Lansia
Authors: Wibawa Lutfi , Hiryanto - , Prasetyo Eko Budi
Published: November 2021

This research resulted in a audio-visual media such as compact discs (CDs) practical guide healthy lifestyle for the elderly and lecture modules on S1 majoring in School Education in Adult Education courses. The development research conducted in Yogyakarta with the target groups of elderly who are members of the elderly community. In this study, data were collected by using group forum discution, in-depth interviews, documentation and observation. Data were analyzed using qualitative analysis techniques. Research and development is carried out in two years, the irst year has produced a practical guide CD healthy lifestyles for seniors who already validated in a limited and lecture modules on S1 Department of School Education in Adult Education courses
BENTUK DAN FUNGSI SAPAAN BAHASA PRANCIS DALAM NOVEL POIL DE CAROTTE	KARYA JULES RENARD
Authors: Rahayu Siti Perdi
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) bentuk-bentuk sapaan dalam novel Poil de Carotte karya Jules Renard dan 2) fungsi kata-kata sapaan dalam novel tersebut. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah semua kata, frasa, kalimat, dan ungkapan-ungkapan yang mengandung sapaan yang ada di dalam novel Poil de Carotte karya Jules Renard. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi. Analisis data menggunakan metode distribusional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) bentuk sapaan yang ditemukan dalam novel Poil de Carotte karya Jules Renard berkategori: nomina: (a) nomina nama diri (nama depan, nama belakang, dan nama panggilan), (b) nomina umum (nom propre), pronomina, ajektiva, dan kombinasi, dan (2) fungsi sapaan dalam novel Poil de Carotte dapat diklasi ikasikan menjadi 2, yaitu sebagai tanda masih adanya hubungan (fungsi fatik), dan sebagai alat pengontrol interaksi, ditandai dengan adanya interaksi antartokoh dalam melakukan tindak tutur untuk menyuruh, menolak, mengungkapkan perasaan, menegaskan, meminta kesediaan/meminta tolong/meminta sesuatu, menjawab, memohon, menyanggupi, merajuk, merayu, menyindir, meyakinkan, mengejek, dan mengkritik
LEADERSHIP STYLE OF NGO’S CONTRIBUTION TO GENDER AND SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT IN YOGYAKARTA PROVINCE OF INDONESIA
Authors: Akhter Shanta Sheema
Published: November 2021

The main purpose of this study was to determine kind of leadership style used in the selected NGOs in Yogyakarta province in Indonesia and to analyze the optimal contributions of gender and sustainable environment development of their NGOs of Yogyakarta province in Indonesia. Qualitative research case study method was used to analyze this study. Data was collected by documentation, direct observations and interview. Sample was selected from two NGOs purposively: WALHI Yogyakarta and Mitra Pranata. The subjects of this study were the leaders, staffs and members of Mitra pranata and WALHI Yogyakarta NGO in Yogyakarta in Indonesia. Data was collected from two NGO leaders, from all staffs and selected members. The results showed that these NGO’s leader used Transformational leadership style. WALHI Yogyakarta NGO has good achievements for Yogyakarta environment including- forest, spring, mine and others because they work about three aspects -policy research, campaign and organizing community. Mitra Pranata NGO also has good achievements. They work in small areas in Lendah village, Kulon Progo
Dayak Benuaq Local Wisdom in the Land Use and Environmental Care efforts
Authors: Rahmawati Hetti
Published: November 2021

This study was aimed at exploring the dynamics of wisdom in managing forest ecosystems as the basis for ecological behavior and preservation of the environment  on Benuaq Society in East Kalimantan through indigenous perspective. This study used qualitative descriptive-Explorative method. Data of this study were obtained through interviews and observations. The results show that the use of forests is based on the maintenance of balance and sustainability of forest resources as a form of harmonious relations and human responsibility to the natural environment. The local wisdom is re lected in the habits of life and the social values that lasted a long time . The value of self-transcendence, social-altruistic, and biospheric become reinforcement in ecological behavior intention to care for the forest. A form of environmental wisdom is emonstrated in the oral arts. Farming knowledge and technologies used do not harm the environment. Land use like Umaq, Simpuk, and the swelling are developed by the Benuaq conservation behavior. Customs regulations role as controller in the system of ecologically sustainable behavior in forest management
TERAPI MOTORIK HALUS DENGAN SUNGGING
Authors: Asri Bayu , Triwiyana Jaka , Solihin Muhammad Vicky
Published: November 2021

Permasalahan yang dihadapi yaitu sulitnya melakukan aktivitas gerakan otot kecil yang melibatkan mata, tangan, dan fokus. Penerapan pelatihan menggunakan pendekatan ekspresi bebas yaitu dengan menggambar pola garis dan titik (nirmana), mengolah warna dengan cat, dan melukis di atas kanvas sesuai imajinasi. Teknik sungging memenuhi berbagai aspek pengembangan motorik halus, yaitu: (1) membuat tingkatan gradasi warna memerlukan fokus, ketelitian, dan kecermatan dalam mencampur serta menggorekan cat untuk menghasilkan warna yang harmoni; (2) menggambar garis dan titik pola secara teratur menggunakan pensil untuk melatih ketangkasan, fokus, dan ketelitian; (3) mengolah campuran warna dengan cat sehingga menghasilkan berbagai warna gradasi untuk melatih kepekaan dan kecermatan; dan (4) menggoreskan kuas saat melukis untuk melatih imajinasi, kreativitas, serta koordinasi antara mata dengan gerakan tangan. Hasil pelatihan yaitu kemampuan motorik halus penyandang tuna grahita berkembang sehingga menjadi aktif dalam bergerak, terampil, teliti, dan berintelegensi
NILAI-NILAI NASIONALISME DALAM SERAT TRIPAMA KARYA MANGKUNEGARA IV SEBAGAI SARANA PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Nugroho Sigit
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap nilai-nilai nasionalisme yang terkandung di dalam Serat Tripama. Sumber data yang dipakai sebagai bahan penelitian adalah naskah Serat Tripama karya KGPAA Mangkunegara IV koleksi Musium Sana Budaya kode P28 Kempalan Serat Warni-Warni, SK 20 397. Naskah menggunakan bahasa Jawa disajikan dalam bentuk tembang macapat dhandhanggula berjumlah tujuh bait beraksara Jawa carik Rol 111 no.2. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Transliterasi teks dilakukan untuk mengkaji, mengetahui, dan menjabarkan isi teks. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode baca catat. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif. Triangulasi sumber digunakan untuk validasi data, sedangkan reliabilitas menggunakan intrarater. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Serat Tripama memuat nilai-nilai nasionalisme yang masih relevan diterapkan pada masa sekarang terutama sebagai sarana pendidikan karakter. Nilai-nilai nasionalisme dalam Serat Tripama tercermin melalui tiga tokoh pewayangan; Patih Suwanda, Raden Kumbakarna, dan Adipati Karna.Adapun nilai-nilai nasionalisme yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sarana pendidikan karakter di dalam Serat Tripama adalah cinta tanah air, semangat kebangsaan dan menghargai perbedaan.NATIONALISM VALUES IN “SERAT TRIPAMA”, BY MANGKUNEGARA IV, AS A MEANS OF CHARACTER EDUCATIONThis study attempts to uncover the nationalism values contained in Serat Tripama. The manuscript of “Serat Tripama” by KGPAA Mangkunegara IV was the main data source and it was a collection of Sana Budaya Museum, coded P28 Kempalan Warna-warni, SK 20 397. This manuscript was written in Javanese  in the form of Macapat songs (Dhandhanggula) with a total of 7 stanzas, using Javanese Carik alphabets Rol 111 number 2.  A qualitative method was employed in this study. The transliteration of the text was carried out to examine, identify, and describe the contents of the manuscript. The data were collected using the note-taking method which were then analysed using descriptive analysis technique. Triangulation of sources was used for data validation, while intrarater was carried out to ensure the reliability of the data. The results presented that “Serat Tripama” contained a number of nationalism values which are still relevant and can be applied in today’s circumstances, especially as a means of character education. The values which comprise love towards motherland, spirit of nationalism, and respect for differences were reflected through the three puppet figures: Patih Suwanda, Raden Kumbakarna, and Adipati Karna which can be used as a means of character education.
HUMANISASI DALAM NOVEL PEMIMPIN YANG “TUHAN” KARYA EMHA AINUN NADJIB
Authors: Laily Helmi Nur , Turahmat Turahmat , Chamalah Evi
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aspek etika profetik, yakni humanisasi yang terdapat pada novel Pemimpin yang “Tuhan” karya Emha Ainun Nadjib. Penelitian ini berlandaskan pada teori sastra profetik Kuntowijoyo. Penelitian ini berbentuk deskriptif kualitatif yakni mendeskripsikan dan menggambarkan gejala fenomena yang ada. Data yang digunakan berupa data kata, frasa, kalimat dalam kutipan yang memuat humanisasi dalam novel ini. Sumber data adalah novel Pemimpin Yang “Tuhan” karya Emha Ainun Najib. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik baca dan catat. Hasil klasifikasi etika profetik dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa sastra ini berlandaskan pada terminologi-terminologi Islam dari alquran yang berjiwa transendental dan sufistik. Novel ini juga sarat dengan naura sastra profetik. Aspek humanisasi yang terkandung dalam novel tersebut ada sembilan, yaitu humanisasi dengan menyebarkan kasih sayang, humanisasi dengan menyelami kebijaksanaan, membangkitkan rasa percaya diri, toleransi, memperjuangkan tujuan pendidikan, menjaga keharmonisan, saling mengamankan, saling menyelamatkan, dan menyebarkan cinta kasih yang tercermin dalam 18 kutipan.HUMANISM IN “PEMIMPIN YANG "TUHAN" “, A NOVEL BY EMHA AINUN NADJIB: A PROPHETIC LITERARY CRITICISMThis study examines aspects of prophetic ethics, namely humanization contains in a novel entitled “Pemimpin Yang “Tuhan” ”, writen by Emha Ainun Nadjib. The analysis done within this study was based on Kuntowijoyo's prophetic literary theory. The nature of this study is descriptive qualitative as it describes the existed phenomena depicted in the novel. The data consisted of words, phrases, sentences as represented in quotes taken from the novel through in-depth reading and note taking techniques. The classification of prophetic ethics resulted that this piece of literature was mainly based on Islamic terminologies taken from the Holy Qur'an which has a transcendental and sufistic spirits. This novel is also heavily loaded with prophetic literature. There are nine aspects of humanization contained in the novel namely humanization by spreading  loves, nurturing wisdom, building self-confidence, being tolerance, striving for education, maintaining harmony, protecting and saving others, and  dispersing devotion to all living beings – all were reflected throughout the 18 quotes.
Metodologi Eduinnova: Pembelajaran kolaboratif yang diintegrasikan dangan teknologi untuk meningkatkan keaktifan dan interaksi siswa dalam pembelajaran daring
Authors: Mahsus Muhammad , Latipah Eva
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini mengkaji inovasi pendidikan yang mengintegrasikan teknologi dalam pembelajaran kolaboratif dengan pembagian kelompok-kelompok kecil yang dikenal dengan metodologi Eduinnova. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menambah wacana inovasi pendidikan yang diintegrasikan dengan teknologi untuk menjembatani permasalahan pembelajaran kolaboratif untuk meningkatkan inteaksi sosial siswa dengan teman dan lingkungan tanpa menghilangkan unsur pembelajaran kognitif ataupun pedagogis siswa. Analisis pembelajaran tersebut kemudian diintegrasikan dengan pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Peneliti mengambil data dari buku dan literatur lainnya menggunakan teknik library research. Sumber data primer diambil dari buku Innovations in Educational Psychology: Perspectives on Learning, Teaching, and Human Development, karya Sternberg dan Preiss. Hasil penelitian adalah adanya kesamaan pembelajaran dengan metodologi Eduinnova dengan pembelajaran daring dalam hal penggunaan teknologi portabel sebagai media pembelajaran. Penerapan metodologi Eduinnova dalam pembelajaran daring adalah dengan memanfaatkan media zoom meeting ataupun google meet sebagai ganti dari tatap muka langsung dikelas menjadi tatap muka dalam media online. Hal ini dilakukan untuk memantau pembelajaran interaksi siswa.Eduinnova methodology: Collaborative learning integrated with technology to improve student activity and interaction in online learningAbstractThis study examines educational innovations that integrate technology in collaborative learning with the division of small groups known as the Eduinnova methodology. The purpose of this study is to add to the discourse of educational innovation integrated with technology to bridge collaborative learning problems to improve student social interaction with friends and the environment without eliminating the elements of student cognitive or pedagogical learning. The learning analysis is then integrated with online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is qualitative research. Researchers took data from books and other literature using library research techniques. Primary data sources were taken from the book Innovations in Educational Psychology: Perspectives on Learning, Teaching, and Human Development, by Sternberg and Preiss. The result of this research is the similarity of learning with the Eduinnova methodology with online learning in terms of using portable technology as a learning medium. The application of the Eduinnova methodology in online learning is to use zoom media meetings or google meet instead of face-to-face in class to face-to-face in online media. This is done to monitor student interaction learning.
PENGEMBANGAN MATERI AJAR FISIKA BERMUATAN AUTHENTIC LEARNING PADA POKOK BAHASAN GERAK MELINGKAR
Authors: Wati Mustika , Misbah Misbah
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kepraktisan dan efektivitas materi ajar fisika bermuatan authentic learning pada pokok bahasan gerak melingkar. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan (R&D) dengan model ASSURE. Desain uji coba pada penelitian ini berupa one-group pretest-posttest design. Subjek uji coba pada penelitian ini ialah 27 orang peserta didik kelas X program MIPA di salah satu SMA Negeri di Banjarmasin. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui instrumen tes dan instrument non-tes. Instrumen tes berupa tes hasil belajar pretest dan posttest peserta didik berbentuk soal essai yang meliputi level C1 hingga C5. Sementara instrumen non-tes berupa angket respon peserta didik yang ditinjau berdasarkan aspek kemudahan, aspek manfaat, dan aspek efisiensi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menghitung rata-rata skor angket respon peserta didik untuk mengukur kepraktisan dan uji N-gain dari hasil belajar pretest-posttest untuk mengukur efektivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa materi ajar fisika bermuatan authentic learning pada pokok bahasan gerak melingkar praktis dan efektif untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
PENENTUAN AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL CABAI MERAH DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI
Authors: Sapitri Alfi , Marbun Eva Diansari , Mayasari Ulfayani
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji fitokimia terhadap ekstrak etanol Cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.) dan uji aktivitasnya terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri ini menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan menggunakan kertas cakram dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Ekstrak etanol cabai merah dibuat dengan konsentrasi 45, 60, 75, dan 90%. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode Kirby Bauer. Media yang digunakan sebagai uji antibakteri pada penelitian ini yaitu Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA). Hasil skrining fitokimia terhadap ekstrak etanol cabai merah menunjukkan adanya senyawa metabolit sekunder. Senyawa metabolit sekunder tersebut yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan Steroid/triterpenoid. Steroid berfungsi sebagai antimikroba. Hasil penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan adanya kandungan senyawa capsaicin yang terkenal sebagai senyawa aktif antimikroba. Ekstrak etanol cabai merah memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli zona bening terendah pada konsentrasi 45% dan zona bening tertinggi pada konsentrasi 90%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak cabai merah memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri.THE ABILITY OF RED CHILI ETHANOL EXTRACT IN INHIBITHING THE GROWTH OF BACTERIAThis study aimed to perform a phytochemical test on the ethanolic extract of red chili (Capsicum annum L.) and test its activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. This antibacterial activity test used the agar diffusion method using disc paper with three repetitions. Red chili ethanol extract was made with concentrations of 45%, 60%, 75% and 90%. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the Kirby Bauer method. The medium used as an antibacterial test in this study was Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA). The results of phytochemical screening of red chili ethanol extract showed the presence of secondary metabolites. The secondary metabolites are alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids/triterpenoids. Steroids serve as  antimicrobials. The results of this study also revealed the presence of capsaicin compounds which are known as active antimicrobial compounds. Red chili ethanol extract had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria in the lowest clear zone at a concentration of 45% and the highest clear zone at a concentration of 90%. It can be concluded that red chili extract has antibacterial activity against bacterial growth inhibition.
COVID-19–Related Rumor Content, Transmission, and Clarification Strategies in China: Descriptive Study
Authors: Ning Peishan , Cheng Peixia , Li Jie , Zheng Ming , Schwebel David C , Yang Yang , Lu Peng , Mengdi Li , Zhang Zhuo , Hu Guoqing
Published: November 2021

Background

Given the permeation of social media throughout society, rumors spread faster than ever before, which significantly complicates government responses to public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective

We aimed to examine the characteristics and propagation of rumors during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in China and evaluated the effectiveness of health authorities’ release of correction announcements.

Methods

We retrieved rumors widely circulating on social media in China during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and assessed the effectiveness of official government clarifications and popular science articles refuting those rumors.

Results

We show that the number of rumors related to the COVID-19 pandemic fluctuated widely in China between December 1, 2019 and April 15, 2020. Rumors mainly occurred in 3 provinces: Hubei, Zhejiang, and Guangxi. Personal social media accounts constituted the major source of media reports of the 4 most widely distributed rumors (the novel coronavirus can be prevented with “Shuanghuanglian”: 7648/10,664, 71.7%; the novel coronavirus is the SARS coronavirus: 14,696/15,902, 92.4%; medical supplies intended for assisting Hubei were detained by the local government: 3911/3943, 99.2%; asymptomatically infected persons were regarded as diagnosed COVID-19 patients with symptoms in official counts: 322/323, 99.7%). The number of rumors circulating was positively associated with the severity of the COVID-19 epidemic (ρ=0.88, 95% CI 0.81-0.93). The release of correction articles was associated with a substantial decrease in the proportion of rumor reports compared to accurate reports. The proportions of negative sentiments appearing among comments by citizens in response to media articles disseminating rumors and disseminating correct information differ insignificantly (both correct reports: χ12=0.315, P=.58; both rumors: χ12=0.025, P=.88; first rumor and last correct report: χ12=1.287, P=.26; first correct report and last rumor: χ12=0.033, P=.86).

Conclusions

Our results highlight the importance and urgency of monitoring and correcting false or misleading reports on websites and personal social media accounts. The circulation of rumors can influence public health, and government bodies should establish guidelines to monitor and mitigate the negative impact of such rumors.
Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Health Message Generation: The Folic Acid Message Engine
Authors: Schmälzle Ralf , Wilcox Shelby
Published: November 2021

Background

Communication campaigns using social media can raise public awareness; however, they are difficult to sustain. A barrier is the need to generate and constantly post novel but on-topic messages, which creates a resource-intensive bottleneck.

Objective

In this study, we aim to harness the latest advances in artificial intelligence (AI) to build a pilot system that can generate many candidate messages, which could be used for a campaign to suggest novel, on-topic candidate messages. The issue of folic acid, a B-vitamin that helps prevent major birth defects, serves as an example; however, the system can work with other issues that could benefit from higher levels of public awareness.

Methods

We used the Generative Pretrained Transformer-2 architecture, a machine learning model trained on a large natural language corpus, and fine-tuned it using a data set of autodownloaded tweets about #folicacid. The fine-tuned model was then used as a message engine, that is, to create new messages about this topic. We conducted a web-based study to gauge how human raters evaluate AI-generated tweet messages compared with original, human-crafted messages.

Results

We found that the Folic Acid Message Engine can easily create several hundreds of new messages that appear natural to humans. Web-based raters evaluated the clarity and quality of a human-curated sample of AI-generated messages as on par with human-generated ones. Overall, these results showed that it is feasible to use such a message engine to suggest messages for web-based campaigns that focus on promoting awareness.

Conclusions

The message engine can serve as a starting point for more sophisticated AI-guided message creation systems for health communication. Beyond the practical potential of such systems for campaigns in the age of social media, they also hold great scientific potential for the quantitative analysis of message characteristics that promote successful communication. We discuss future developments and obvious ethical challenges that need to be addressed as AI technologies for health persuasion enter the stage.
Clinical Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness of Videoconference-Based Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Taguchi Kayoko , Numata Noriko , Takanashi Rieko , Takemura Ryo , Yoshida Tokiko , Kutsuzawa Kana , Yoshimura Kensuke , Nozaki-Taguchi Natsuko , Ohtori Seiji , Shimizu Eiji
Published: November 2021

Background

Cognitive behavioral therapy is known to improve the management of chronic pain. However, the components of this therapy are still being investigated and debated.

Objective

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of an integrated cognitive behavioral therapy program with new components (attention-shift, memory work, video feedback, and image training) delivered via videoconferencing.

Methods

This study was unblinded and participants were recruited and assessed face-to-face in the outpatient department. We conducted a randomized controlled trial for chronic pain to compare 16 weekly videoconference-based cognitive behavioral therapy (vCBT) sessions provided by a therapist with treatment as usual (TAU). Thirty patients (age range, 22-75 years) with chronic pain were randomly assigned to either vCBT (n=15) or TAU (n=15). Patients were evaluated at week 1 (baseline), week 8 (midintervention), and week 16 (postintervention). The primary outcome was the change in pain intensity, which was recorded using the numerical rating scale at 16 weeks from the baseline. Secondary outcomes were pain severity and pain interference, which were assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory. Additionally, we evaluated disability, pain catastrophizing cognition, depression, anxiety, quality of life, and cost utility.

Results

In the eligibility assessment, 30 patients were eventually randomized and enrolled; finally, 15 patients in the vCBT and 14 patients in the TAU group were analyzed. Although no significant difference was found between the 2 groups in terms of changes in pain intensity by the numerical rating scale scores at week 16 from baseline (P=.36), there was a significant improvement in the comprehensive evaluation of pain by total score of Brief Pain Inventory (–1.43, 95% CI –2.49 to –0.37, df=24; P=.01). Further, significant improvement was seen in pain interference by using the Brief Pain Inventory (–9.42, 95% CI –14.47 to –4.36, df=25; P=.001) and in disability by using the Pain Disability Assessment Scale (–1.95, 95% CI –3.33 to –0.56, df=24; P=.008) compared with TAU. As for the Medical Economic Evaluation, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for 1 year was estimated at 2.9 million yen (about US $25,000) per quality-adjusted life year gained.

Conclusions

The findings of our study suggest that integrated cognitive behavioral therapy delivered by videoconferencing in regular medical care may reduce pain interference but not pain intensity. Further, this treatment method may be cost-effective, although this needs to be further verified using a larger sample size.

Trial Registration

University Hospital Medical Information Network UMIN000031124; https://tinyurl.com/2pr3xszb
Citation Advantage of Promoted Articles in a Cross-Publisher Distribution Platform: 36-Month Follow-up to a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kudlow Paul , Brown Tashauna , Eysenbach Gunther
Published: November 2021

Background

There are limited evidence-based strategies that have been shown to increase the rate at which peer-reviewed articles are cited. In a previously reported randomized controlled trial, we demonstrated that promotion of article links in an online cross-publisher distribution platform (TrendMD) persistently augments citation rates after 12 months, leading to a statistically significant 50% increase in citations relative to the control.

Objective

This study aims to investigate if the citation advantage of promoted articles upholds after 36 months.

Methods

A total of 3200 published articles in 64 peer-reviewed journals across 8 subject areas were block randomized at the subject level to either the TrendMD group (n=1600) or the control group (n=1600) of the study. Articles were promoted in the TrendMD Network for 6 months. We compared the citation rates in both groups after 36 months.

Results

At 36 months, we found the citation advantage endured; articles randomized to TrendMD showed a 28% increase in mean citations relative to the control. The difference in mean citations at 36 months for articles randomized to TrendMD versus the control was 10.52 (95% CI 3.79-17.25) and was statistically significant (P=.001).

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first randomized controlled trial to demonstrate how a postpublication article promotion intervention can be used to persistently augment citations of peer-reviewed articles. TrendMD is an efficient digital tool for knowledge translation and dissemination to targeted audiences to facilitate the uptake of research.
Demographics Associated With Stress, Severe Mental Distress, and Anxiety Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Nationwide Cross-sectional Web-Based Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Midorikawa Haruhiko , Tachikawa Hirokazu , Taguchi Takaya , Shiratori Yuki , Takahashi Asumi , Takahashi Sho , Nemoto Kiyotaka , Arai Tetsuaki
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

With the spread of COVID-19, the deterioration of public mental health has become a major global and social problem.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between the 3 mental health problems associated with COVID-19, that is, perceived stress, severe mental distress, and anxiety symptoms, and the various demographic factors, including occupation.

METHODS

A nationwide web-based questionnaire survey was conducted in Japan from August 4 to 31, 2020. In addition to sociodemographic data, the degrees of perceived stress, severe mental distress, and anxiety symptoms associated with COVID-19 were measured. After performing a descriptive statistical analysis, factors related to stress, severe mental distress, and anxiety symptoms were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 8203 respondents submitted survey responses, among whom 34.9% (2861/8203) felt intense stress associated with COVID-19, 17.1% (1403/8203) were depressed, and 13.5% (1110/8203) had severe anxiety symptoms. The logistic regression analysis showed that each of the 3 mental health problems were prevalent in females, nonbinary gender, people in their 50s, 60s and older, respondents who visited psychiatrists, and those currently in psychiatric care. Severe mental distress and anxiety symptoms were associated with the number of effective lifestyle coping strategies during the lockdown period. Severe mental distress was only prevalent in teenagers and respondents in their 20s, as students tended to develop stress and severe mental distress. With regard to occupation, working in nursing care and welfare, education and research, and medical and health sectors was associated with stress; however, working in these occupations was not associated with severe mental distress and anxiety symptoms. Unemployment was associated with severe mental distress and anxiety symptoms. All 3 mental health problems were prevalent in part-time workers and those working in entertainment and arts sectors.

CONCLUSIONS

Gender, age, occupation, history of psychiatric visits, and stress coping mechanisms were associated with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, but their associations with stress, severe mental distress, and anxiety symptoms differed. In addition, the actual state of mental health varied according to the respondents’ occupation. It is necessary to consider the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health not only at the individual level but also at the occupational level.
Using Google Trends in biomedical research (Preprint)
Authors: Fassio Filippo , Comberiati Pasquale
Published: November 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Google Trends (GT) allows access to big data about the interest of the public for specific health-related topics in a convenient, quick, simple to use, cheap and timely way. It has been widely used in biomedical research since 2009. However, in most of these studies, user-editable variables are not clearly specified, thus limiting the reproducibility of the results. Here we explain how to use GT for biomedical research and propose a checklist which includes all parameters that should be noted when searching with GT, to make the results of such a search reproducible by third parties.
Understanding Source-Related Influences on Physicians’ Translating Comparative Effectiveness Research into Patient Care: Results from a Study of Cardiologists
Authors: Elder, PhD, MPAff Katherine A.
Published: November 2021

Comparative effectiveness research (CER), which refers to an evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of two or more medical interventions that are used to treat the same condition, has the potential to inform decision-making in both policy circles and physicians’ exam rooms. The ability of stakeholders to translate that research into practice has important implications for health outcomes, but the impact of information sources on physicians in translating CER remains understudied. This project examines the source-related influences on and motivations of cardiologists with respect to willingness to make changes in their practice based on emerging CER results. The results from this survey of cardiologists (N = 42) indicate that the source of information (including perceived credibility of those sources) matters greatly to cardiologists when deciding whether to make a change in practice. These findings suggest data-based implications for researchers and practitioners that are engaged in closing the CER translation gap.
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ MEMS-ДАТЧИКОВ ДЛЯ НЕИНВАЗИВНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ
Authors: Ачильдиев В.М. , Грузевич Ю.К. , Бедро Н.А. , Евсеева Ю.Н. , Рулев М.Е. , Коннова Н.С. , Басараб М.А.
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрены возможности применения сигналов МЭМС-датчиков для неинвазивной диагностики заболеваний человека. Описаны полученные авторами результаты разработки системы с МЭМС-акселерометрами и гироскопами, ее применения, методов цифровой обработки и информационного анализа полученных сигналов.
РАЗРАБОТКА ПЛАНАРНОЙ МЭМС-ТЕХНОЛОГИИ АВТОЭМИССИОННЫХ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ НАНОСТРУКТУР В КАЧЕСТВЕ ЭЛЕМЕНТНОЙ БАЗЫ ВАКУУМНОЙ НАНОЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ
Authors: Грязнева Т.А. , Демин Г.Д. , Евсиков И.Д. , Дюжев Н.А. , Махиборода М.А.
Published: November 2021

Устройства вакуумной электроники зарекомендовали себя во многих технических отраслях. Для дальнейшего развития отрасли необходимо совершенствование методов изготовления автоэмиссионных (АЭ) структур. В работе представлена технология создания АЭ диодных и транзисторных структур на основе молибдена (Mo).
ПРОЕКТ МАЛОГАБАРИТНОГО ШИРОКОДИАПАЗОННОГО ТЕПЛОВОГО ВАКУУММЕТРА, РАБОТАЮЩЕГО НА ОСНОВЕ СРАВНЕНИЯ ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНОГО MEMS-ДАТЧИКА СОПРОТИВЛЕНИЯ С КОМПЕНСАЦИОННЫМИ MEMS-ДАТЧИКАМИ
Authors: Скворцов В.Э. , Махиборода М.А.
Published: November 2021

Предложена конструкция теплового вакуумметра на MEMS-датчиках сопротивления, содержащая измерительный и компенсационные датчики, находящиеся под граничными значениями диапазона измерения давления.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ТЕПЛОВЫХ МЭМС-СЕНСОРОВ РАСХОДА ГАЗА: КОНСТРУКЦИЯ, РАСПОЛОЖЕНИЕ В ПОТОКЕ ГАЗА И ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СИГНАЛА
Authors: Дюжев Н.А. , Рябов В.Т. , Машевич П.Р. , Сретенский В.В.
Published: November 2021

В работе приведены результаты исследований вариантов конструкции и способов формирования сигнала тепловых МЭМС-сенсоров для датчиков массового расхода газа. Исследовано влияние расположения сенсора в потоке газа на выходной сигнал. Предложена схема обработки сигнала МЭМС-сенсора, совмещающая калориметрический и термоанемометрический методы измерения.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТРЕБОВАНИЯ К ИОННЫМ ИМПЛАНТЕРАМ НА БОЛЬШИЕ И СРЕДНИЕ ТОКИ И ПУТИ ИХ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ
Authors: Кривенко А.С. , Безруков И.А.
Published: November 2021

Разрабатываются имплантеры для процессов ионного легирования и формирования структур «кремний на изоляторе». Анализируются технические требования к перспективному компактному имплантеру и конструктивные особенности. Созданы ионные источники с малой расходимостью пучка и большим ресурсом работы.
МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ НЕОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ В ВОЗДУХЕ (ВМЗ) ЧИСТЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ ПОМЕЩЕНИЙ (ЧПП). РАЗРАБОТКА МЕТОДИК ОТБОРА И АНАЛИЗА ПРОБ С ПРЕДЕЛАМИ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ МЕНЕЕ 10 PPT
Authors: Маркин А.В. , Просий А.Д. , Кимрова А.П. , Глинский А.С. , Тубольцева М.М.
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрен способ контроля путем применения методом захвата примесей неорганического происхождения из воздуха ЧПП с использованием системы жидкостных импинджеров, заполненных ДВ уровня Е-1.2.ASTMD5127(18).Замеры ВМЗ в пробах проводились с использованием аттестованной методики измерения ДВ на ионном хроматографе (IC) с пределом обнаружения 10 ppt.
РЕАГЕНТНАЯ ВОДА ДЛЯ УЛЬТРАСЛЕДОВЫХ АНАЛИЗОВ НА УРОВНЕ ПРЕДЕЛА ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ 1 PPT И МЕНЕЕ
Authors: Васильева А.А. , Глинский А.С. , Леонтьева И.В. , Просий А.Д.
Published: November 2021

Разработан подход, позволяющий обеспечивать проведение анализов деионизованной воды на ультраследовом уровне. Исследованы способы стабилизации и условия отбора проб сверхчистой деионизованной воды для последующей оценки примесей катионов на уровне предела обнаружения 1 ppt.
ДОМЕННЫЕ ГРАНИЦЫ И СКИРМИОНЫ КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ НЕЙРОМОРФНЫХ УСТРОЙСТВ
Authors: Логунов М.В. , Никитов С.А.
Published: November 2021

Представлен обзор состояния исследований и разработок элементов нейроморфных устройств на базе подвижных нанообъектов спинтроники - доменных границ и скирмионов.
НЕЙРОМОРФНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ НА БАЗЕ КОНЦЕПЦИИ МНОГОМЕРНОГО МОЗГА И МЕМРИСТИВНЫХ УСТРОЙСТВ
Authors: Щаников С.А. , Лобов С.А. , Михайлов А.Н. , Казанцев В.Б. , Макаров В.А.
Published: November 2021

Предложен новый подход к созданию энергоэффективных нейроморфных систем на основе многомерных нейронов с синапсами на основе мемристивных устройств. Такие системы могут имитировать функции пространственной памяти гиппокампа и предназначены для решения сложно формализуемых задач искусственного интеллекта.
ЛАЗЕРНЫЙ СИНТЕЗ ТОНКИХ ПЛЕНОК ОКСИДОВ НИОБИЯ И ТАНТАЛА И МЕМРИСТОРОВ НА ИХ ОСНОВЕ
Authors: Новодворский О.А. , Храмова О.Д. , Паршина Л.С. , Гусев Д.С. , Михалевский В.А. , Черебыло Е.А. , Поляков А.С.
Published: November 2021

Методом лазерного синтеза из металлических мишеней при абляции излучением 248 и 532 нм получены тонкие пленки NbOx и TaOx в атмосфере кислорода и мемристоры на их основе в кроссбар-геометрии. В качестве электродов служили пленки Pt, Au, Ag, Ta, Nb. Изучено поведение ВАХ-мемристоров, полученных при разных условиях.
GALAXY-TARGETED ROBOTIC TELESCOPE FOLLOW-UP OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVE EVENTS
Authors: Salmon L. , Hanlon L. , Jeffrey R. M. , Martin-Carrillo A.
Published: November 2021

Robotic telescopes and networks are well equipped to respond rapidly to transient events. However, the era of multi-messenger astronomy presents new challenges in the search for electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave events. Specifically, these sources can be distant, faint, poorly localised, and quickly decaying. Effciently searching for counterparts requires coverage of large localisation regions and/or targeted observations. This paper presents a galaxy retrieval and ranking algorithm for targeted observations, and a public web interface to retrieve ranked galaxy lists following a gravitational wave event. The website is publicly available at https://gwtool.watchertelescope.ie/.
OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY OF CANDIDATES IN THE LIGO/VIRGO BINARY MERGER ERROR BOXES
Authors: Valeev A. F. , Castro-Tirado A. J. , Hu Y. -D. , Sokolov V. V. , Agudo I. , Caballero-García M. D. , Cepa J. , Font J. A. , Jeong S. , Martin-Carrillo A. , Pandey S. B. , Pian E. , Oates S. R. , Sánchez-Ramírez R. , Sintes A. M. , Zhang B.-B. , Fernandez-Garcia E.
Published: November 2021

We performed optical spectroscopy of the candidates inside the gravitational wave errorboxes (S190408an, S190425z, S190426c, S190510g, S190728q, S190814bv). The spectral classification of 34 transients observed with the 10.4m Gran Telescopio de Canarias prior to 1 Sep 2019 is presented. We ruled out the association of these candidates with gravitational wave events.
The Neuro-Psychology of Learning and Fetal Programming along with a panacea for all types of learning disorders
Authors: Mishra Pragati
Published: November 2021

Abstract: This research paper explains the neurology and psychology of the mechanism of learning process and fetal programming. It elaborates the further technicalities of The Unimind Metamodel and The Unibrain theory. This research paper also provides a panacea for all types of learning disorders.