bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERFORMANCE OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES ON NEOLEUCINODES ELEGANTALIS (GUENÉE) (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE)
Authors: Pratissoli Dirceu , DAMASCENA ALIXELHE PACHECO , Fragoso Débora Melo Ferreira , De Carvalho José Romário , Túler Amanda Carlos , Faria Luana Viana , De Araujo Junior Luis Moreira
Published: March 2021

The use of entomopathogenic nematodes in pest management is an alternative to reduce the yield and/or damage losses caused by pests in several crops. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of Heterorhabditis indica (Nemata: Rhabditida) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Nemata: Rhabditida), in pre-pupae of Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and determine the temporal viability of the pathogenicity of S. carpocapsae applied to soil. The nematode species were diluted in distilled water to 50, 65, 83, 107, 138, 178, 229, 295, 380 and 500 infective juveniles per pre-pupae (IJs insect-1) of N. elegantalis.  The mortality of pre-pupa of N. elegantalis was higher as the concentrations of both studied species increased. The nematode S. carpocapsae was the most effective, causing mortality of 82.93% in the concentration of 65 IJs insect-1 and an LC50 of 24.32 IJs insect-1. In the pathogenicity test, S. carpocapsae was applied in the concentration of 100 JI/cm² in pots previously planted with tomato seedlings. As positive control was used tomato seedlings treated with distilled water. S. carpocapse presented soil viability of 24 days. Thus, S. carpocapsae can be an important tool in the integrated pest management (IPM) of N. elegantalis.
MICRORGANISMOS NO SEDIMENTO DE MARGENS OPOSTAS DO ESTUÁRIO DO RIO COREAÚ EM CAMOCIM/CE
Authors: Oliveira Adelaide Sampaio , Sousa Jardielen Chaves , Santos Antonio Lucas Rocha , Oliveira Renatta Santos , Cesar Dionéia Evangelista , Rodrigues Edmo Montes
Published: March 2021

O estuário do rio Coreaú possui uma das margens tangenciando a área urbana de Camocim, enquanto a outra tangencia a APA das Dunas da Ilha da Testa Branca. Com o objetivo de verificar os efeitos das atividades antrópicas na margem urbanizada, este trabalho analisou parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos em ambas as margens. Análises de pH, temperatura, turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido e DBO5 foram realizadas na água. Amostras do sedimento foram utilizadas para quantificação de matéria orgânica e de bactérias heterotróficas, enumeração de coliformes, quantificação de células procarióticas e de bactérias patogênicas. Não houve diferença significativa para os parâmetros físico-químicos, exceto para matéria orgânica no sedimento, maior na margem urbanizada. A densidade de bactérias heterotróficas e de células procarióticas é maior na margem urbanizada. Os resultados indicaram que coliformes termotolerantes ocorrem apenas na margem urbanizada. Todos os taxa bacterianos patogênicos são encontrados em maior densidade na margem urbanizada, onde a densidade de E. coli é quase cinco vezes maior. Nossos resultados indicam que o descarte de águas residuárias está relacionado com a maior densidade de bactérias patogênicas no sedimento da margem urbanizada o que pode resultar em um problema de saúde pública.
Exploration of aggressive behavior among adolescent in Indonesia
Authors: Afdal Afdal , Fikri Miftahul , Pane Nurmaida , Andriani Wiwin
Published: March 2021

Aggressive behaviour is one of the problems which have a negative impact on adolescents, especially on their development process. This study aims to determine the extent to which students' aggressive behaviour is predictable by gender and domicile origin. The participants of this study were a total of 2681 Indonesian teenagers aged 14-20 years, that anonymously and voluntarily filled out this instrument. The instrument used was the AF Aggressive Behaviour Instrument Scale (AFABIS), which has been tested for validity and reliability with a significance of 0.08. Furthermore, data testing was carried out using network psychometrics and Rasch analysis. The results from the network psychometrics analysis showed that there was a good structure of participants in terms of gender and domicile origin (city, suburban, rural) and a significant difference in aggressive behaviour as seen from the sparsity that was raised. The results showed that male adolescents tend to show more aggressive behaviour compared to females. Furthermore, it showed that the tendency of displaying aggressive behaviour by adolescents in rural areas is more tenuous compared to those in suburbs of cities and cities. These results may be used as initial data by counselors for psychological intervention on aggressive behaviour featured by adolescents.
Dialogic reflection for social justice - He Anga Huritao
Authors: Gander Tim , Wintle Philly
Published: March 2021

Critical reflection is the cornerstone of teacher education and professional learning and there are countless models to support and refine the practice of critical reflection.  This paper forms a narrative critique of the authors’ bespoke framework for critical reflection-on action, created to support the gradual transformation of trainee and beginning teachers working in New Zealand communities that are characterised by rich diversity. Entitled ‘He Anga Huritao’ (a framework for reflection), the framework draws from literature pertaining to both critical reflection and education for social justice, placing emphasis on tuakana-teina (or mentor/mentee) relationships. This framework was created following the analysis of how critical reflection was experienced by beginning secondary trainee teachers in employment-based Initial Teacher Education. Following investigation of the application of this framework with individual considerations at each stage, this paper concludes with recommendations for practitioners interested in applying He Anga Huritao to their practice or setting. This paper is to the interest of New Zealand teachers and school leaders, involved in using critical reflection as a tool for social justice to support the transformation of teaching practice. In reading this paper educators will develop a sense of the particular need for critical reflection to transform teaching practice towards social justice and be provided with a tool with which to do so.
Proposing a Holistic Inclusive Education Model for Policy, Curriculum and Classroom Development
Authors: Teschers Christoph
Published: March 2021

The notions of inclusion and diversity have seen an increased used in a wide variety of areas in public debate and policy, and are widely used in educational documents in New Zealand and international since the UNESCO Salamanca Statement in 1994. What is meant by inclusion and diversity in many of these context is often rather unclear, however. The discourse of inclusion could be described as having become the standard for political correctness in official language, without always consequently reflecting on and applying the implications that the use of inclusive language implies. This includes educational settings such as schools and centres, but also government policies that use inclusive language and promote inclusion. It seems, however, that many centres and policies still operate under a mainstreaming/integration discourse mind-set. In educational philosophy and theory, the notion of inclusion and inclusive education has been discussed widely and many aspects relevant to inclusive practices have been discussed in depth. What seems in need of further attention are broader models and frameworks that capture the range of aspects involved and the complexity of inclusive education in theory and practice. One such model that focuses on five aspects of inclusive education will be introduced in this article and discussed how this model could support policy, curriculum and classroom decision making.
Socially relevant curriculum
Authors: Kelly-Ware Janette Patricia
Published: March 2021

Socially relevant curriculum and the importance of opening up spaces for negotiation and meaning making to occur are increasingly common ideas in my academic writing. This article reports on student teachers making meaning in an online discussion forum in the aftermath of the terrorist massacre at Christchurch mosques in Aotearoa New Zealand last year. Dominant discourses and critical questions are highlighted for teachers in early childhood and tertiary education settings about religion, racism and cultural otherness. The central argument is that these issues are highly pertinent to us all: they speak to the things that matter in all of our lives at this time, and in this space and place. Cultural otherness, anti-racism, spirituality and religion are fundamental to contemporary socially relevant curriculum. Courageous teachers committed to a more socially just world need to facilitate learning about these issues in ‘age-appropriate’ ways.
Intercultural practicum: Perceptual learning through video in the pandemic context
Authors: Joseph Dawn , Johnson Richard
Published: March 2021

In our work with Australian initial teacher education (ITE) students our emphasis is on encouraging students to understand different cultural practices. Drawing on narrative reflection, we discuss intercultural and pedagogical concerns in which ITE students undertake international practicums. We recognise these students have a predominantly Western lens when undertaking practicums in Asian countries. To address this issue a video A Day in the Life… of Tamil School Children (https://youtu.be/vPdiogRR-Ig) in India was produced to change, improve and help students learn about the social and cultural environment of the ‘international student’. Students who took part in previous international practicums agreed that the video was an effective tool for cultural familiarisation. During this time of COVID-19 with travel restrictions abroad, the video resource serves as an effective visual pedagogy to build cultural understanding, embrace diversity, enable perceptual learning and empowering students to cultivate intercultural understandings of ‘the other’.
Teaching together: Reflections on developing a collaborative approach to pedagogy within a tertiary teaching team
Authors: Dutton Hilary , Kamp Annelies , Teschers Christoph
Published: March 2021

In this reflection, we discuss our experience of engaging in collaborative teaching underpinned by principles of democratic pedagogy in a new bachelor degree aimed at leadership for social action. By collectively developing a common pedagogical framework for a select group of core courses within the degree, our intent was to provide a consistent and coherent approach to teaching and learning. Here, we share some of the opportunities and challenges that we experienced on our journey of teaching together, including questions regarding our responsibilities to one another as educators, and the complexities of practicing democratic pedagogy.
Comparison among Some Methods for Estimating the Parameters of Truncated Normal Distribution
Authors: Kittani Hilmi , Alaesa Mohammad , Gharib Gharib
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different truncation combinations on the estimation of the normal distribution parameters. In addition, is to study methods used to estimate these parameters, including MLE, moments, and L-moment methods. On the other hand, the study discusses methods to estimate the mean and variance of the truncated normal distribution, which includes sampling from normal distribution, sampling from truncated normal distribution and censored sampling from normal distribution. We compare these methods based on the mean square errors, and the amount of bias. It turns out that the MLE method is the best method to estimate the mean and variance in most cases and the L-moment method has a performance in some cases.
Biodiversity Assessment of Some Aquatic Communities Indicates the Environmental Quality of the Ecosystemsin Mekong Estuary
Authors: Quoc Huy Nguyen , Hong Hanh Nguyen , Van Thuy Tran , Ngoc Mai Le , Quy Manh Do , Thi Nhat Minh Doan
Published: March 2021

The Mekong River mouth has a significance of biodiversity and biological resources, especially for the floating and benthic communities in the ecosystem. The study area belongs to 4 provinces in the lower Mekong River: Tien Giang, Tra Vinh, Ben Tre, and Soc Trang. The results of Shannon-Wiener biodiversity value assessment and Berger - Parke index of 3 major aquatic communities in the area including phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthic showing that biodiversity at low levels in terms of species composition as well as biodiversity values. More noteworthy is that the benthic animal communities are at the highest level of risk of loss and biodiversity value loss, mainly due to socio-economic activities, dams construction activities, the industrial and agricultural activities that have made the environment here, especially the sediment environment, strongly affected. The study has proposed a number of solutions to minimize the rapid decline of biodiversity of the region by specific measures from many directions: management, education, propaganda, conservation, prevention of the factors affecting the quality of ecosystem in the region.
Ecological Characteristic of Grazing Vegetation and Capacity Food for the Large Cattle in Central Highland, Vietnam
Authors: Tai Vu Anh , Thi Thuy Van Tran , Quang Tuan Bui , Duc Hoang Le
Published: March 2021

The Highland Central of Vietnam has a high potential for livestock development with a vast area of grazing areas include scrubs, grassland and some forest types but currently, the livestock of the Central Highland has been facing with a problem as long period of dry season as 4-6 months that make most of the plant communities stop growing. To contribute to the livestock development of the Central Highland, in this study, we focus on the ecological characteristics of the natural vegetation to gather experiences about the structure, seasonal rhythm and succession trend of each plant communities related to grazing. Therefore, in this paper, the ecological characteristics of 11 natural ecological habitats and 1 artificial habitat are descripted; natural grazing vegetation includes 5 forests, 3 scrubs and 3 grasslands belonging to 3 bio-climate types (tropical monsoon moisture, tropical monsoon dry and sub-tropical monsoon moisture) and 3 ecological canopy types (evergreen, semi-deciduous and deciduous). The seasonal rhythm of each ecosystem also affects to the food resources for the cattle, among that, the main food was found in dry grasslands and scrubs in the rainy season but in the dry season those habitats have support food not considerable, the cattle would get food from the moisture habitats in this period. The largest changes of food source ratios between rainy and dry seasons were found in Dak Lak and Gia Lai provinces, where the dry habitats are common while the changing ratios at Kon Tum and Lam Dong provinces have been not much that means two provinces would support food for the large cattle stability during the year. However, when the density of the cattle head is too high, the capacity of the habitat is lower than the requirement of the animal, especially in the dry season, the natural food sources cannot adapt for the cattle food requirement and the people must use the other sources such as planting, industrial food. The density of the cattle also effects on the ecological succession trend of each habitat. In normally, the forest would be changed to the scrubs, the scrubs would be changed to the grassland and vice versa. In the first trend, it is positive but the second trend is negative. Because of high density of cattle, the negative ecological succession within the natural vegetation related to the grazing in the Central Highland has been found at the western area of Dak Lak and Gia Lai provinces, most areas of Kon Tum and Dak Nong provinces except the habitat along the boundary of the special used forest (national park, nature reserves) and the positive succession would be found at all of the special used forest areas, Lam Dong province, Southeastern area of Dak Lak province, Central areas of Gia Lai province.
Characteristics of late Miocene Lithofacies - Paleogeography in the Southeast Region of Hanoi Depression
Authors: Thi Phuong Thao Nguyen , Nghi Tran , Xuan Thanh Dinh
Published: March 2021

The characteristics of late Miocene lithofacies in the southeast region of  Hanoi depression have been revealed on the basis of sedimentary evolution in relation to sea level change and tectonic movement. During late Miocene, global sea level change has created one depositional sequence and three sedimentary systems tract. The lowstand systems tract (LST) is characterized by 5 rhythms of  alluvial lithofacies. These rhythms are represented by rough, humoc seismic wave  fields. This environment is not favorable condition for coal formation. The transgressive systems tract (TST) is characterized by 6 transitional lithofacies rhythms. Each lithofacies rhythm consists of 4 facies: the tidal flats sand facies of the bay, the  mud facies of the river mouth lagoon, the coastal marshy mud facies creating coal and the bay greenish-gray clay facies. The pacing process involves changes in the local sea level caused by tectonic lift. Each tectonic subsidence phase takes place at a very slow velocity, so it is compensated for fine-grained sediment creating marshy mud facies to develop mangroves on a large scale. It is a prerequisite to create thick coal seams distributed near the end of each rhythm. A part of highstand systems tract (HST) are eroded due to the improved folding process, creating an angular unconformity boundary with Pliocene-Quaternary sediments. However, after reconstracting of deformated section, it was clear that this systems tract  had only one  rhythm including 2 facies: prodelta mud facies and alluvial fan sandstone facies.

Keywords: Lithofacies-paleogeography, sedimentary systems tract, sedimentary rhythm
Geolingüística y sociodialectología
Authors: Elizaincín Adolfo
Published: March 2021

Se presentan algunos resultados del nivel fonológico y del léxico, tomados del ADDU. En base a ellos (ilustrados con sus correspondientes mapas), se propone que la Dialectología, con su método de investigación principal, la Geolingüística, puede y debe integrar los conocimientos referidos a la variación natural de las lenguas históricas.
Tempo verbal, modo verbal e a concepção da realidade em português
Authors: Almeida Maria Jussara Abraçado de
Published: March 2021

Sempre que pensamos ou falamos sobre situações ou eventos, atribuímos-lhes um estatuto na realidade. Assim sendo, uma questão crucial é: como conceptualizamos a realidade? A resposta para essa questão é essencial para a compreensão do uso que fazemos do tempo verbal e do modo verbal, uma vez que são recursos gramaticalizados que nos permitem localizar a situação conceptualizada numa área específica da (ir)realidade, ou seja: (i) no plano da realidade passada ou imediata, se a situação for conceptualizada como factual; (ii) no plano da  realidade não estabelecida, se a existência da situação não for aceita; e (iii) no plano da realidade projetada ou potencial, se a realização de uma situação futura for  conceptualizada, respectivamente,  como  previsível ou apenas possível.  Este ensaio, que se baseia teoricamente na Gramática Cognitiva (Langacker, 1991, 1999 e 2003), tem por proposta abordar a relação entre o tempo verbal, modo verbal e a conceptualização da realidade em português. Para tanto, são apresentados e discutidos exemplos de diferentes situações noticiadas em informativos on-line e extraídas da página de resultados da ferramenta de busca Google.
Semioses e metamorfoses
Authors: Rastier François
Published: March 2021

Independentemente das teorias gerativas e enunciativas, o estruturalismo dinâmico de tradição saussuriana permitiu formular o problema da semiose, compreendida como a individuação do signo, a partir de um germe estrutural.  Num patamar superior de complexidade, os processos que presidem a esta individuação parecem também direcionar a composição dos textos.  Exemplos literários e picturais permitem percebê-los; eles demonstram que a reflexão sobre as artes é uma área maior da semiótica geral e comparada.
O RURAL E O URBANO EM INTERAÇÃO
Authors: Alencar Cristina Maria Macêdo de , Silva Maina Pirajá
Published: March 2021

Esta revista, Cadernos do Ceas, no seu número 211, publicou o artigo Ruralidade Metropolitana (ALENCAR, 2004), trazendo uma perspectiva crítica à dicotomia rural/urbana que se inseria em consensos teóricos que formularam a noção de ruralidades cujos vetores epistemológicos em interação possibilitaram apreender a realidade como campo de coexistências. 

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O DIREITO À MORADIA NAS CIDADES SOB A PERSPECTIVA CAMPONESA: UMA REFLEXÃO ATRAVÉS DA RESISTÊNCIA INDIVIDUAL E EM GRUPO
Authors: Moreira Paula Adelaide Mattos Santos
Published: March 2021

O presente texto faz parte das reflexões oriundas da tese de doutorado da autora, defendida em 2017, na Universidade Federal da Bahia – UFBA, e inseridas no conjunto da problemática abordada pelo Grupo de Pesquisa GeografAR (PósGeo/ UFBA). Seu objetivo é trazer reflexões sobre o direito à moradia na perspectiva camponesa em seu processo de desterritorialização, quando são obrigados a migrar para as cidades e de reterritorialização, quando tentam imprimir nas cidades seu modo de vida camponês. Como metodologia, aborda-se a questão do rural e urbano no contexto brasileiro e, a partir daí, trata-se da realidade e das estratégias de um camponês isolado, que não e insere num grupo social, porém, luta para manter seu modo de vida e a de um conjunto de camponeses que se insere num grupo social que luta por moradia no contexto da cidade de Salvador. As reflexões advindas a partir dos casos estudados indicam processos de desterritorialização decorrentes do êxodo rural, que são consequentes das perspectivas sociais de inviabilização do acesso à terra. Assim sendo, foram comuns a ambos, situações de sofrimento e, para além deste, de resistência camponesa no meio urbano. Visualiza-se, a partir destes exemplos, que o camponês se prejudica no seu processo de perda territorial, porém estes mesmos sujeitos trazem à tona formas de se reterritorializar a partir da luta pela manutenção de seu modo de vida, mesmo com dificuldades.
UM BREVE PENSAR SOBRE O RACISMO NO BRASIL
Authors: Pinto Jeremias Pereira , Lourau Julie
Published: March 2021

O texto faz uma discussão sobre a formação da população brasileira como fruto do encontro de diferentes grupos étnicos, dos povos nativos, dos europeus, dos africanos e dos imigrantes (europeus e asiáticos), pensando num país formado por matrizes culturais, diversas e distintas, ricas e complexas. Outro ponto abordado será como se organizou o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, quais os propósitos que o conformou de tal modo a colocar as populações negra e indígena numa condição de seres humanos inferiores. É feita uma discussão sobre o processo de resistência, dando ênfase ao século XX, que se contrapõe ao pensamento racista, à ideia de que vivíamos numa democracia racial, assim como os movimentos que surgiram em contraponto à condição a que foram submetidos os negros. Por fim, serão apresentadas as ações efetivas para reparar as injustiças praticadas contra o povo, denominadas ações afirmativas, a exemplo da Lei 10.639/2003 e do Estatuto da Igualdade Racial/2010, que busca, de modo efetivo, resgatar a história da cultura afro no Brasil, garantindo-lhe os direitos, negados durante mais de quatro séculos.
MULHERES E LUTA POR MORADIA MUDANÇAS NAS PRÁTICAS ASSOCIATIVAS NAS PERIFERIAS DE FLORIANÓPOLIS E LISBOA
Authors: Canella Francisco
Published: March 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar as transformações em ocorridas em localidades surgidas de lutas por moradia em dois países.  A partir de dados coletados no Brasil (no bairro Monte Cristo, em Florianópolis) e em Lisboa (na Cova da Moura, na área metropolitana de Lisboa), pretende-se identificar elementos que permitam a compreensão das transformações por que passaram as práticas associativas nessas localidades. Tendo como base a observação etnográfica e entrevistas com lideranças, a análise das duas localidades permitiu identificar alguns traços comuns, os quais são de fundamental importância para a elucidação do processo de reconfiguração territorial pelo qual passa a população dessas áreas no período decorrido entre a conquista da moradia e a consolidação de uma nova forma de produzir as suas condições de existência no bairro. De um lado, as mudanças nas práticas associativas, e de outro, a permanência da participação das mulheres nesses movimentos que envolvem a moradia.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA HABITAÇÃO POPULAR NO BRASIL: CIÊNCIA OU ARDIL?
Authors: Meireles Eduardo , Borin Camila Parachini Figueiredo
Published: March 2021

A adversidade do déficit habitacional é ainda uma questão pulsante no Brasil. Apesar dos esforços da administração pública, verificados nas últimas décadas, para a produção de políticas públicas atreladas a programas sociais de moradia (em especial o Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida), as condições das Habitações de Interesse Social (HIS) parecem ainda estar distantes da real necessidade das famílias beneficiadas. Dentre outras mazelas, é sabido que existem números expressivos de evasão de moradores neste tipo de conjunto habitacional, enfatizando a sua falta de efetividade na ânsia de suprir a necessidade de moradia ou de promover acesso ao espaço urbano. Sendo assim, este artigo objetiva avaliar as condições em que são construídas as HIS e avaliar se elas atendem às demandas da população, o que seria crucial para avaliar a funcionalidade e promover o aprimoramento destas iniciativas. A partir disso realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória de publicações com os seguintes termos: moradia, habitação popular, habitação de interesse social, e evasão de conjunto habitacional; e foram selecionados estudos que abrangessem os temas de qualidade das habitações, planejamento urbano, deslocamento ambiental, disponibilidade de infraestrutura de serviços urbanos e conjuntura socioeconômica da população beneficiada. As diferentes necessidades inerentes ao indivíduo, enquanto cidadãos, trabalhadores e usuários do espaço urbano por direito, precisam ser abrangidas na execução dos programas de moradia, e, por este motivo, foram pontos chave destacados neste trabalho para que sejam considerados na construção de políticas públicas habitacionais, em busca de moradias mais satisfatórias, iniciativas mais sustentáveis e de um espaço urbano mais igualitário.
Random quantum satisfiability
Authors: Laumann C.R. , Moessner R. , Scarddichio A. , Sondhi S.L.
Published: March 2021

Alongside the effort underway to build quantum computers, it is important to better understand which classes of problems they will find easy and which others even they will find intractable. We study random ensembles of the QMA$_1$-complete quantum satisfiability (QSAT) problem introduced by Bravyi \cite{Bravyi:2006p4315}. QSAT appropriately generalizes the NP-complete classical satisfiability (SAT) problem. We show that, as the density of clauses/projectors is varied, the ensembles exhibit quantum phase transitions between phases that are satisfiable and unsatisfiable. Remarkably, almost all instances of QSAT for \emph{any} hypergraph exhibit the same dimension of the satisfying manifold. This establishes the QSAT decision problem as equivalent to a, potentially new, graph theoretic problem and that the hardest typical instances are likely to be localized in a bounded range of clause density.
NP vs QMA_\log(2)
Authors: Beigi S.
Published: March 2021

Although it is believed unlikely that $\NP$-hard problems admit efficient quantum algorithms, it has been shown that a quantum verifier can solve NP-complete problems given a "short" quantum proof; more precisely, NP\subseteq QMA_{\log}(2) where QMA_{\log}(2) denotes the class of quantum Merlin-Arthur games in which there are two unentangled provers who send two logarithmic size quantum witnesses to the verifier. The inclusion NP\subseteq QMA_{\log}(2) has been proved by Blier and Tapp by stating a quantum Merlin-Arthur protocol for 3-coloring with perfect completeness and gap 1/24n^6. Moreover, Aaronson et al. have shown the above inclusion with a constant gap by considering $\widetilde{O}(\sqrt{n})$ witnesses of logarithmic size. However, we still do not know if QMA_{\log}(2) with a constant gap contains NP. In this paper, we show that 3-SAT admits a QMA_{\log}(2) protocol with the gap 1/n^{3+\epsilon}} for every constant \epsilon>0.
Ancilla-assisted discrimination of quantum gates
Authors: Chen J.-X. , Ying M.-S.
Published: March 2021

The intrinsic idea of superdense coding is to find as many gates as possible such that they can be perfectly discriminated. In this paper, we consider a basic scheme of discrimination of quantum gates, called ancilla-assisted discrimination, in which a set of quantum gates on a d-dimensional system are perfectly discriminated with assistance from an r-dimensional ancilla system. The main contribution of the present paper is two-fold: (1) The number of quantum gates that can be discriminated in this scheme is evaluated. We prove that any rd+1 quantum gates cannot be perfectly discriminated with assistance from the ancilla, and there exist rd quantum gates which can be perfectly discriminated with assistance from the ancilla. (2) The dimensionality of the minimal ancilla system is estimated. We prove that there exists a constant positive number c such that for any k\leq cr quantum gates, if they are d-assisted discriminable, then they are also r-assisted discriminable, and there are c^{\prime}rc^{\prime}>c different quantum gates which can be discriminated with a d-dimensional ancilla, but they cannot be discriminated if the ancilla is reduced to an r-dimensional system. Thus, the order O(r) of the number of quantum gates that can be discriminated with assistance from an r-dimensional ancilla is optimal. The results reported in this paper represent a preliminary step toward understanding the role ancilla system plays in discrimination of quantum gates as well as the power and limit of superdense coding.
Efficient universal quantum circuits
Authors: Bera D. , Fenner S. , Green F. , Homer S.
Published: March 2021

Universal circuits can be viewed as general-purpose simulators for central classes of circuits and can be used to capture the computational power of the circuit class being simulated. We define and construct quantum universal circuits which are efficient and has very little overhead in simulation. For depth we construct universal circuits whose depth is the same order as the circuits being simulated. For size, there is a log factor blow-up in the universal circuits constructed here which is nearly optimal.
Single qubit quantum secret sharing with improved security
Authors: He G.P. , Wang Z.D.
Published: March 2021

Analyzing carefully an experimentally feasible non-entangled single qubit quantum secret sharing protocol and its modified version [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 230505 (2005); \textit{ibid}. 98, 028902 (2007)], it is found that both versions are insecure against coherent attacks though the original idea is so remarkable. To overcome this fatal flaw, here we propose a protocol with a distinct security checking strategy, which still involves single qubit operations only, making it possible to achieve better security of quantum secret sharing with current technology.
Security of quantum key distribution with bit and basis dependent detector flaws
Authors: Lydersen L. , Skaar J.
Published: March 2021

We consider the security of the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), in the presence of bit and basis dependent detector flaws. We suggest a powerful attack that can be used in systems with detector efficiency mismatch, even if the detector assignments are chosen randomly by Bob. A security proof is provided, valid for any basis dependent, possibly lossy, linear optical imperfections in the channel/receiver/detectors. The proof does not assume the so-called squashing detector model.
On the complexity of approximating the diamond norm
Authors: Ben-Aroya A. , Ta-Shma A.
Published: March 2021

The diamond norm is a norm defined over the space of quantum transformations. This norm has a natural operational interpretation: it measures how well one can distinguish between two transformations by applying them to a state of arbitrarily large dimension. This interpretation makes this norm useful in the study of quantum interactive proof systems. In this note we exhibit an efficient algorithm for computing this norm using convex programming. Independently of us, Watrous recently showed a different algorithm to compute this norm. An immediate corollary of this algorithm is a slight simplification of the argument of Kitaev and Watrous that QIP \subseteq \EXP.
The LU-LC conjecture is false
Authors: Ji Z.-F. , Chen J.-X. , Wei Z.-H. , Ying M.-S.
Published: March 2021

The LU-LC conjecture is an important open problem concerning the structure of entanglement of states described in the stabilizer formalism. It states that two local unitary equivalent stabilizer states are also local Clifford equivalent. If this conjecture were true, the local equivalence of stabilizer states would be extremely easy to characterize. Unfortunately, however, based on the recent progress made by Gross and Van den Nest, we find that the conjecture is false.
Are quantum correlations symmetric?
Authors: Horodecki Karol , Horodecki Michal , Horodecki Pawel
Published: March 2021

We provide operational definition of asymmetry of entanglement: An entangled state contains asymmetric entanglement if its subsystems can not be exchanged (swapped) by means of local operations and classical communication. We show that in general states have asymmetric entanglement. This allows to construct nonsymmetric measure of entanglement, and a parameter that reports asymmetry of entanglement contents of quantum state. We propose asymptotic measure of asymmetry of entanglement, and show that states for which it is nonzero, contain necessarily bound entanglement.
Limit theorems for quantum walks with memory
Authors: Konno Norio , Machida Takuya
Published: March 2021

Recently Mc Gettrick introduced and studied a discrete-time 2-state quantum walk (QW) with a memory in one dimension. He gave an expression for the amplitude of the QW by path counting method. Moreover he showed that the return probability of the walk is more than 1/2 for any even time. In this paper, we compute the stationary distribution by considering the walk as a 4-state QW without memory. Our result is consistent with his claim. In addition, we obtain the weak limit theorem of the rescaled QW. This behavior is strikingly different from the corresponding classical random walk and the usual 2-state QW without memory as his numerical simulations suggested.
Quantum entanglement of Dirac field in background of an asymptotically flat static black hole
Authors: Wang Jieci , Pan Qiyuan , Chen Songbai , Jing Jiliang
Published: March 2021

The entanglement of the Dirac field in the asymptotically flat black hole is investigated. Unlike the bosonic case in which the initial entanglement vanishes in the limit of infinite Hawking temperature, in this case the entanglement achieves a nonvanishing minimum values, which shows that the entanglement is never completely destroyed when black hole evaporates completely. Another interesting result is that the mutual information in this limit equals to just half of its own initial value, which may be an universal property for any fields.
New classes of TQC associated with self-dual, quasi self-dual and denser tessellations
Authors: Albuquerque C. D. , Palazzo Jr. R. , Silva E. B.
Published: March 2021

In this paper we present six classes of topological quantum codes (TQC) on compact surfaces with genus $g\ge 2$. These codes are derived from self-dual, quasi self-dual and denser tessellations associated with embeddings of self-dual complete graphs and complete bipartite graphs on the corresponding compact surfaces. The majority of the new classes has the self-dual tessellations as their algebraic and geometric supporting mathematical structures. Every code achieves minimum distance 3 and its encoding rate is such that $\frac{k}{n} \rightarrow 1$ as $n \rightarrow \infty$, except for the one case where $\frac{k}{n} \rightarrow \frac{1}{3}$ as $n \rightarrow \infty$.
Perfect state transfer, integral circulants, and join of graphs
Authors: Angeles-Canul R.-J. , Norton R.M. , Opperman M.C. , Paribello C.C. , Russell M.C. , Tamon C.
Published: March 2021

We propose new families of graphs which exhibit quantum perfect state transfer. Our constructions are based on the join operator on graphs, its circulant generalizations, and the Cartesian product of graphs. We build upon the results of Ba\v{s}i\'{c} and Petkovi\'{c} ({\em Applied Mathematics Letters} {\bf 22}(10):1609-1615, 2009) and construct new integral circulants and regular graphs with perfect state transfer. More specifically, we show that the integral circulant $\textsc{ICG}_{n}(\{2,n/2^{b}\} \cup Q)$ has perfect state transfer, where $b \in \{1,2\}$, $n$ is a multiple of $16$ and $Q$ is a subset of the odd divisors of $n$. Using the standard join of graphs, we also show a family of double-cone graphs which are non-periodic but exhibit perfect state transfer. This class of graphs is constructed by simply taking the join of the empty two-vertex graph with a specific class of regular graphs. This answers a question posed by Godsil (arxiv.org math/08062074).
Strong NP-hardness of the quantum separability problem
Authors: Gharibian S.
Published: March 2021

Given the density matrix $\rho$ of a bipartite quantum state, the quantum separability problem asks whether $\rho$ is entangled or separable. In 2003, Gurvits showed that this problem is NP-hard if $\rho$ is located within an inverse exponential (with respect to dimension) distance from the border of the set of separable quantum states. In this paper, we extend this NP-hardness to an inverse polynomial distance from the separable set. The result follows from a simple combination of works by Gurvits, Ioannou, and Liu. We apply our result to show (1) an immediate lower bound on the maximum distance between a bound entangled state and the separable set (assuming $\rm{P}\neq\rm{ NP}$), and (2) NP-hardness for the problem of determining whether a completely positive trace-preserving linear map is entanglement-breaking.
A quantum coupler and the harmonic oscillator interacting with a reservoir: Defining the relative phase gate
Authors: Garcia Quijas P.C. , Arevalo Aguilar L.M.
Published: March 2021

In order to be able to study dissipation, the interaction between a single system and their environment was introduced in quantum mechanics. Master and quantum Langeving equations was derived. Moreover, decoherence has been studied using this approach. One of the most commonly used model in this research field is a single harmonic oscillator interacting with a reservoir. In this work we analytically solve this model, in the resonance case, using the evolution operator method. Then, we use this result to study a quantum coupler, which is a particular case where there are a finite number of harmonic oscillators interacting with the single one. After that, we focuses in the analisis of the conditional quantum dynamics of the quantum coupler (using the computational basis of two qubits) by choosing a proper interaction time. This conditional dynamics provides a realization of a new quantum phase gate, which we call the relative phase gate. To the best of our knowledge, this phase gate has not been previously defined or proposed.
A promiseBQP-complete string rewriting problem
Authors: Janzing D. , Wocjan P.
Published: March 2021

We consider the following combinatorial problem. We are given three strings s, t, and t' of length L over some fixed finite alphabet and an integer $m$ that is polylogarithmic in L. We have a symmetric relation on substrings of constant length that specifies which substrings are allowed to be replaced with each other. Let $\Delta (n)$ denote the difference between the numbers of possibilities to obtain $t$ from $s$ and $t'$ from $s$ after $n \in\N$ replacements. The problem is to determine the sign of $\Delta(m)$. As promises we have a gap condition and a growth condition. The former states that $|\Delta (m)| \geq \epsilon\,c^m$ where $\epsilon$ is inverse polylogarithmic in $L$ and $c>0$ is a constant. The latter is given by $\Delta (n) \leq c^n$ for all $n$. We show that this problem is PromiseBQP-complete, i.e., it represents the class of problems that can be solved efficiently on a quantum computer.
Three-party entanglement in tripartite teleportation scheme through noisy channels
Authors: Jung E. , Hwang M.R. , Park D. , Tamaryan S.
Published: March 2021

In this paper we have tried to interpret the physical role of three-tangle and $\pi$-tangle in real physical information processes. For the model calculation we adopt the tripartite teleportation scheme through various noisy channels. The three parties consist of sender, accomplice and receiver. It is shown that the $\pi$-tangles for the X- and Z-noisy channels vanish at the limit $\kappa t \rightarrow \infty$, where $\kappa t$ is a decoherence parameter introduced in the master equation in the Lindblad form. At this limit the maximum fidelity of the receiver's state reduces to the classical limit $2/3$. However, this nice feature is not maintained for the Y- and isotropy-noise channels. For the Y-noise channel the $\pi$-tangle vanishes when $0.61 \leq \kappa t$. At $\kappa t = 0.61$ the maximum fidelity becomes $0.57$, which is much less than the classical limit. Similar phenomenon occurs for the isotropic noise channel. We also compute analytically the three-tangles for the X- and Z-noise channels. The remarkable fact is that the three-tangle for the Z-noise channel coincides exactly with the corresponding $\pi$-tangle. In the X-noise channel the three-tangle vanishes when $0.10 \leq \kappa t$. At $\kappa t = 0.10$ the fidelity of the receiver's state can reduce to the classical limit provided that the accomplice performs the measurement appropriately. However, the maximum fidelity becomes $8/9$, which is much larger than the classical limit. Since the Y- and isotropy-noise channels are rank-$8$ mixed states, their three-tangles are not computed explicitly in this paper. Instead, their upper bounds are derived by making use of the analytic formulas of the three-tangle for other noisy channels. Our analysis strongly suggests that different tripartite entanglement measure is needed whose value is between three-tangle and $\pi$-tangle.
Teleportation via maximally and non-maximally entangled mixed states
Authors: Adhikari S. , Majumdar A.S. , Roy S. , Ghosh B. , Nayak N.
Published: March 2021

We study the efficiency of two-qubit mixed entangled states as resources for quantum teleportation. We first consider two maximally entangled mixed states, viz., the Werner state\cite{werner}, and a class of states introduced by Munro {\it et al.} \cite{munro}. We show that the Werner state when used as teleportation channel, gives rise to better average teleportation fidelity compared to the latter class of states for any finite value of mixedness. We then introduce a non-maximally entangled mixed state obtained as a convex combination of a two-qubit entangled mixed state and a two-qubit separable mixed state. It is shown that such a teleportation channel can outperform another non-maximally entangled channel, viz., the Werner derivative for a certain range of mixedness. Further, there exists a range of parameter values where the former state satisfies a Bell-CHSH type inequality and still performs better as a teleportation channel compared to the Werner derivative even though the latter violates the inequality.
Evolución y tendencias de la investigación en comunicación sobre epidemias y pandemias en el ámbito internacional
Authors: Ortiz Núñez Roelvis , Stable Rodríguez Yudayly
Published: March 2021

La investigación sobre comunicación en tiempos de epidemias y pandemias constituye un factor trascendental en la prevención, tratamiento y recuperación. El estudio que se presenta analiza el comportamiento de la investigación en comunicación sobre epidemias y pandemias a través de la producción científica registrada en la base de datos Scopus. Se emplean indicadores para evaluar las tendencias generales de publicación a nivel de país, instituciones, autores, revistas y artículos. Se examinan los temas preponderantes y su evolución temporal, así como, la evolución en los grupos y frentes de investigación asociados. Los resultados muestran una tendencia al crecimiento de publicaciones con una mayor concentración en el 2020. El número de publicaciones por países, instituciones, autores y revistas es discreto, por lo que, es un área de conocimientos que requiere mayor investigación científica y colaboración internacional. Se identificaron 5 grandes grupos temáticos, principales focos emergentes de investigación, relacionados con la comunicación de salud durante epidemias, las actitudes sociales hacia la salud, la comunicación durante la influenza A H1N1 y la pandemia COVID-19 y la información epidemiológica en redes sociales. Los puntos críticos de investigación en el campo durante los 30 años registrados en la base de datos Scopus permiten inferir, que la comunicación sobre epidemias y pandemias debe convertirse en foco de la investigación en el área de comunicación de riesgos en un futuro próximo.
Fact checking durante la COVID-19: análisis comparativo de la verificación de contenidos falsos en España e Italia
Authors: Peña Ascacíbar Gonzalo , Bermejo Malumbres Eloy , Zanni Stefano
Published: March 2021

Con la propagación de la COVID-19 alrededor del mundo, también se difunden asociados al mismo una gran cantidad de bulos o noticias falsas y descontextualizadas. En este tiempo los estudios realizados respecto a dicha temática se han focalizado principalmente en la investigación de casos uniterritoriales. Por eso consideramos pertinente ampliar el espectro y observar el comportamiento más allá de un solo país. En concreto, en el trabajo que se presenta se recoge un análisis comparativo entre España e Italia sobre los contenidos falsos y los diversos elementos que han intervenido en su difusión a través de diferentes medios de comunicación y redes digitales durante los primeros meses del nuevo tipo de coronavirus en Europa. Para ello hemos acudido a las plataformas de fact checking Maldita.es y Open. Con toda la información recopilada, hemos generado una base de datos propia sistematizando los siguientes cinco elementos: tipología, soporte de difusión, formato, temáticas generales y ejes discursivos. Con el objetivo de contar con una muestra adecuada, hemos seleccionado a tal efecto un período que comprende desde la constancia de los primeros casos a finales de enero hasta los últimos días de mayo de 2020. La investigación realizada respecto a esos cinco meses nos ha permitido poder desarrollar un estudio con el que comprobar cuantitativa y cualitativamente cómo las características discursivas de los contenidos falsos relacionados con la pandemia se han desarrollado con formas y tiempos diferentes en cada uno de los territorios aunque también compartiendo una serie de temáticas similares entre ambos.