bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEMBANGUN GENERASI YANG BERILMU PENGETAHUAN & BERAKHLAK MULIA/ BERBUDI LUHUR, TERHINDAR DARI RADIKALISME
Authors: Huri Bainal
Published: June 2024

Kota Bandar Lampung di Prov. Lampung , sebagai pintu gerbang sumatra , tentu kitamengetahui memilki kemajemukan , baik suku , ras dan agama , tentu hal ini sangat memungkin kan terjadi nya persaingan dalam hidup dan kehidupan baik ekonomi , bisnis dan sebagainya. Seiring laju pertumbuhan dan perkembangan waktu memungkin terjadi silang penadapat bahkan terjadi persaingan dalam hal ekonomi dan bisnis , juga terjadi kesalah pahaman dalam memahami nilai – nilai dalam agama , sehingga bila tidak di barengi akan kepahaman yang benar akan menimbulkan kesalah pahaman antar umat beragama. Maka peran Orang tua , tokoh Agama, memberikan peran peting guna memberikan bimbingan , arahan , atau pun pembinaan terhadap Generasi Muda, dengan harapan mereka memahami dan mengerti akan bahaya paham radikalisme , guna terjalinnya hubungan yang baik harmoni , hidup berdampingan , damai terhindar dari, sikap ekstrim  dan radikalisme. Maka besar peran Orang tua , tokoh agama , tokoh masyarakat pemerintah dan sewasta dalam upaya antisipasi kepada Generasi Muda , yang sedang mengukir persetasi sebagai calon kader estafet pemimpin Bangsa kedepan, wajib menghindari dari sikap ekstrim keras / memberotak yang bersipat radikal , apalagi terhadap pilar – pilar Bangsa dan Negara melalui Pendidikan Pormal dan inpormal dengan tujuan dapat melahirkan lulusan terbaik dapat mencitai sesamanya , dan mencitai bangsa dan Negara .
Kata Kunci : Pendidikan & Pemahaman Agama yang benar , terhindar Radikal
PENERAPAN SMART GOVERNANCE DALAM PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI M-PASPOR DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Juliastika Arifah , Kencana Novia , Isabella Isabella
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of Smart Governance in the use of the M-Passport application in the work area of the Immigration Office Class I Palembang City. The research method used is a qualitative method using a case study approach using various data collection procedures carried out in depth on an object, individual, group, etc. The results of this research and discussion use the theory of Gartner which has four indicators, namely Web presence (web presence). The results of this research and discussion use the theory of Gartner which has four indicators, namely Web presence (web presence) from the ease of accessing the M-Passport application can be said to be quite good, this is because there are still many negative responses from the public regarding the M-Passport application system, Interaction (interaction) at this stage is good because there are features that support getting information and there is also ease of sending and downloading application files, Transaction at this stage has gone very well, Transformation at this stage can be said to be good because there are many service innovations made by the Immigration Office Class 1 Palembang City as a tangible manifestation of commitment in making it easier for the communityBased on the results of research and discussion in this study, it can be concluded that it is good and is at the Transaction stage because the application can be used to transact both for the community and service providers.
 
Keywords: E-Government; Smart Governance; M-Passport; Passport
EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PENGADAAN TANAH DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Prayoga Indra Aditya , Qodir Viery Faidhul
Published: June 2024

This research aims to evaluate the success of land procurement policies in the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway Development Project carried out by the Land Office of Bandung Regency. The method employed is a qualitative approach using a descriptive method that delineates specific circumstances from the emerging facts during the research process without altering the observed phenomena. The evaluation encompasses several indicators, including Inputs, processes, Outputs, and outcomes. Several issues identified include suboptimal planning, constraints in land relocation, land acquisition methods following a Business to Business (B to B) pattern, community dissatisfaction, delayed land payments, land measurement errors, insufficient comprehensive socialization, and inadequate coordination in addressing on-site issues. The research findings indicate that the implementation of Land Procurement Policies for the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway Development Project by the Land Office of Bandung Regency has yielded moderately satisfying results across most indicators. However, shortcomings exist in slow and unclear information dissemination to the public, low intensity in policy socialization influenced by third parties directly engaging the community, coordination and authority overlap issues between policy implementers and project executors, challenges in facility relocation, emerging land disputes, and additional land route adjustments beyond the initial planning requiring further attention. Hence, it is recommended to enhance information distribution and broader, more intensive policy socialization, improve coordination and collaboration with relevant parties, implement structured dispute resolution, and enhance precision in reviewing planning documents.
 
Keywords: Policy Evaluation; Land Procurement; High-Speed Railway.
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN LOGISTIK PEMILU 2024 KPU PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Ningrum Deva Mariana Isti , Tukiman Tukiman
Published: June 2024

Indonesia is a democratic country that uses an electoral system for every change of president. High quality general elections are very important to realize people's sovereignty in a democratic state government based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. To hold democratic elections, professional election organizers are needed who have integrity, capacity and accountability. The General Election Commission is an example. In this research, the author uses a descriptive approach as a qualitative research method. Qualitative research is a type of research that describes and analyzes events, phenomena, social activities, attitudes, beliefs, perceptions and thoughts of individuals and groups. Data was collected from interviews with three informants from the General Election Commission, which is responsible for logistics management for the 2024 election. As shown by the distribution of logistics for the 2024 election, the results show that the East Java Province General Election Commission manages state property well, including logistics election. However, several improvements and strengthening are needed in the human resources sector as well as warehouse and other logistics infrastructure so that the upcoming General Election can take place optimally and according to planning. Our common goal is successful simultaneous elections in 2024 with transparent financial administration and accountability.
 
Keywords: Management; Elections; KPU
EFEKTIVITAS KEBIJAKAN PENYUSUNAN SURAT PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN (SPJ) PADA DIVISI KEUANGAN KPU PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Darajah Arini , Tukiman Tukiman
Published: June 2024

Policies in a government agency are also made to respond to the needs and problems faced by the community. In the context of the policy of preparing a Letter of Responsibility (SPJ) in the finance division, the General Elections Commission (KPU) was made to ensure transparency and accountability of KPU financial management. SPJ is an important document used to account for the use of the budget that has been received by the KPU. SPJ must be prepared completely, accurately, and in accordance with applicable regulations. This research uses qualitative research methodology with a descriptive approach method. The results of this study stated that the policy of preparing SPJ in the Financial Division of the KPU of East Java Province has been quite effective,  it can be seen from the conformity  of the principles of SPJ applied in the Finance Division of the KPU of East Java Province, but in its implementation there are still several things that can be improved to increase the effectiveness of the preparation of SPJ in the Financial Division of the KPU of East Java Province.
 
Keywords: Policy; Effectiveness; SPJ
KONTRIBUSI PEGAWAI DALAM MANAJEMEN SEKTOR PUBLIK TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN BERKAS RUMAH TANGGA BIRO UMUM SETDA PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Permana Linang Rizkika Akbar Jalu , Harmawan Bagus Nuari
Published: June 2024

Nowadays the modern management system involves a wider role on the performance of public sector organizations. In developing a management system, it also requires good human resources and is able to carry out all the tasks for which it is responsible. The ability of human resources can be influenced by their educational background. Because the form of the ability of each human resource is taaught and obtained from the level of Education. These human resources will be able to influence the implementation of an effective and efficient management system. If the management system runs effectively and efficiently, the goals of each organization can be realized to the maximum. In this article discusses the management system in File Management in government agencies at the regional level, namely the East Java Provincial Secretariat Agency. After research found several things that have a relationship with the contribution of employees. Employees also have a contribution in building involvement and empowerment in the field of file management. Not only that, employees are also required to be able to encourage new ideas in the field of file management. And finally, employees can also contribute to creating an environment to realize personal goals and develop skills and abilities in file management. In this study aims to determine the role of employees in contributing to create good management in the process of file management in the household sub-division of the Bureau of General Secretariat of East Java. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods with literature reviews and interviews with household employees of the East Java Secretariat General Bureau. The role of employees is very important for the development of management systems in a public sector organization.
 
Keywords: Public Sector Organizations; Management; Employees
IMPLEMENTASI SRIKANDI PADA BAGIAN UMUM SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KABUPATEN JOMBANG
Authors: Yudi Amanda Salsabilah Syah , Pertiwi Vidya Imanuari
Published: June 2024

Jombang Regency is one of the regencies in East Java Province which is also committed to accelerating digitalization. SPBE has been made a regional development priority for Jombang Regency in 2022 as stated in Jombang Regency Regional Regulation Number 08 of 2021 concerning Amendments to Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2019 concerning the Regional Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) of Jombang Regency for 2018-2023 which includes the objectives of achieving SPBE index until 2023 with a very good target. On this basis, the General Section of the Jombang Regional Secretariat as one of the OPDs within the Jombang Regency Government is realizing SPBE in carrying out government administration services in the field of correspondence and archives through the SRIKANDI Application. This research was conducted to find out how SRIKANDI is implemented in the General Section of the Jombang Regency Regional Secretariat. This application will be implemented in 2022 to make it easier to create and distribute letters and archives electronically. The method in this research is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, literature and bibliography, and documentation. Informants were taken using the purposive sampling method. The focus of this research consists of four aspects: 1) Communication; 2) Resources; 3) Disposition; 4) Bureaucratic Structure. The research results show that the implementation of SRIKANDI in the General Section as a whole can be said to be successful even though there are obstacles both internal and external that need to be corrected so that its use can be maximized.
Keywords :  Implementation, Public Service, SPBE, Archieve
ANALISIS KINERJA BADAN PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH (BAPPEDA) KABUPATEN SIDOARJO DALAM PENYUSUNAN RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN JANGKA MENENGAH DAERAH
Authors: Putri Abigail Maharani , Bataha Katerina
Published: June 2024

Development is a common issue faced by several regions in Indonesia. Regional development plans require the role of Bappeda in their implementation The importance of RPJMD in development planning is equally significant to the role and performance of Bappeda in formulating RPJMD for execution. The role of the Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) is to serve as the starting point for determining the direction of development by maximizing resources and involving stakeholders in the development process. The purpose of this research is to determine the performance of the Sidoarjo District Development Planning Agency in formulating the 2021-2026 RPJMD The research was conducted using qualitative descriptive method, utilizing data from interviews, documentation, analysis, or observation. The data is then synthesized using a descriptive approach Descriptive methods analyze data in detail and provide a comprehensive and detailed overview of the phenomenon being studied. This research concludes that the performance of Bappeda Kabupaten Sidoarjo in formulating the RPJMD 2021-2026 meets five performance indicators: productivity, service quality, responsiveness, responsibility, and accountability. The performance indicator is in line with the results and processes of the preparation of the Sidoarjo Regency RPJMD for the period 2021-2025 carried out by several relevant government agencies together with the Sidoarjo Regency Bappeda.
 
Keywords: Bappeda; Performance; RPJMD
PERAN KEPALA DESA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA (Studi Kasus Desa Wisata Sangeh, Kecamatan Abiansemal, Kabupaten Badung)
Authors: Dewi Desak Made Trisna Juliantari
Published: June 2024

Tourism village development is the government's mission to improve community welfare through the development of productive businesses in the tourism sector in accordance with existing regional resources and potentials. The development of tourism villages requires the participation of village and community officials to support the progress of tourism villages. The participation of the village head is one of the important points in the development of tourism villages. This study aims to see and describe the role of the Village Head in the development of Sangeh Tourism Village. The method used will be a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The result obtained from this research is that the Head of Sangeh Village plays a role in becoming a bridge of cooperation between agencies and universities who want to provide coaching and training to the community. The village head and ranks also participated in the success of the Sangeh Festival which was used as a promotional event for Sangeh Tourism Village. The village head is also the initiator in making the mascot dance of Sangeh Village named "Sekar Pala". To maintain the integrity of the Sangeh Village area, the village head also participated in supporting the customary village policy not to trade and buy land ownership of Sangeh Village to investors. In addition, plans from the Badung Regency government and Sangeh Traditional Village in rearranging tourist attraction areas to make it easier for tourists to visit all tourist attractions in Sangeh Tourism Village. These development steps are expected to increase the existence of Sangeh Village as one of the tourist villages with its own uniqueness in Badung Regency.
 
Keywords: Role of Village Head; Tourism Village; Development
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM PELAYANAN APLIKASI SIPADU (Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Administrasi Desa Terpadu) DALAM PENGOPTIMALAN PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI DI DESA DANGIN PURI KANGIN KECAMATAN DENPASAR UTARA
Authors: Widanti Ni Putu Tirka , Pinatih Dewa Ayu Agung Intan
Published: June 2024

This research aims to find out how effective the SIPADU Application Service Program (Integrated Village Administrative Service Information System) is in optimizing administrative services in Dangin Puri Kangin Village, North Denpasar District. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive research method using interview techniques were determined by random sampling and literature study  were carried out by searching for information through journals, articles and internet sites. The research results show that the SIPADU (Integrated Village Administrative Services Information System) application in optimizing administrative services in Dangin Puri Kangin Village, North Denpasar District is quite effective. This refers to the effectiveness measurement proposed by Steers which consists. 1) Indicators for achieving goals are running well because they are designed according to community needs, but the level of socialization needs to be increased. 2) The adaptation indicators have been met because this application makes it easy for the public to obtain administrative and information services. 3) Integration indicators are also carried out well by the Dangin Puri Kangin Village Government through the delivery of information via its website and social media. Integration is also carried out through regular updates of information on the application. From this study it can be concluded that the SIPADU Application Service Program (Integrated Village Administrative Services Information System) in Optimizing Administrative Services in Dangin Puri Kangin Village, North Denpasar District is running quite effectively but there needs to be continuous increase in socialization to the community of Dangin Puri Kangin Village, North Denpasar District.
 
Keywords: Effectiveness; SIPADU; Public Service
EFEKTIVITAS UPAYA PENANGANAN STUNTING MENGGUNAKAN DANA DESA DI DESA MEKARWANGI KECAMATAN TAROGONG KALER KABUPATEN GARUT
Authors: Aryanto Attayya Kaysa , Irawati Ira
Published: June 2024

Through Presidential Regulation Number 72 of 2021 on Accelerating Stunting Reduction and Minister of Village, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration Regulation Number 8 of 2022 on Priority Use of Village Funds for the Year 2023, the central government mandates all levels of governance to prioritize addressing stunting in the implementation of development and organized governance. The Village Government of Mekarwangi implements this policy by utilizing Village Funds as a funding source for the Supplementary Feeding Program. However, in its implementation, the program has not fully operated effectively due to deficiencies in the program's structure and the implementation process. This study aims to elucidate the effectiveness of mitigation efforts utilizing Village Funds in Mekarwangi Village. The theoretical foundation for this research is Riant Nugroho's Effectiveness Theory. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative research method with primary data obtained through observation and interviews, supplemented by secondary data from document and literature studies. Data analysis involves data condensation, data presentation, concluding statements, and verification. The findings indicate that the mitigation efforts utilizing Village Funds in Mekarwangi Village are still not entirely effective, particularly in the principles of the program, targets, and environment, necessitating a reassessment of the program's structure, target beneficiaries, and awareness campaigns about stunting.
 
Keywords: Effectiveness; Program; Stunting; Village.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR JALAN DI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Wahyuningsih Novi , Lodan Karol Teovani , Dompak Timbul , Salsabila Lubna
Published: June 2024

As a government that has a very strategic authority and position related to its obligations as a "public service" to improve the welfare, prosperity, security and peace of society, regional governments have a very important role in regional development planning. Regional governments in this case must carry out their main tasks which of course must be adjusted to the vision, mission, goals and objectives that will be achieved later. Development is a complex process that requires significant changes in social structures, cultural values, and institutional frameworks to promote faster economic growth, reduce income disparities, and eradicate poverty. Apart from roads, trucks, cable cars and trains, roads are all road elements protected by land transportation infrastructure, including supporting buildings and traffic instruments that are above ground and above water. This scientific work was written using descriptive techniques. This approach can be described as a critical thinking methodology that involves reading articles or other items. In accordance with Law Number 23 of 2014, autonomous regional governments led by regional heads are organized by regional governments. One of the cities or districts in the Riau Islands Province that is still developing is Batam City. Regional governments are still concerned and monitoring infrastructure development. During the Covid-19 epidemic, environmental and meteorological conditions, obstacles and the process of road infrastructure development also occurred. However, considering the existing challenges and setbacks, this can be used as a basis for review and improvement in preparing for the next phase of regional government growth. Therefore, these difficulties do not become a challenge for local governments during the development process; instead, it can be taken into account later.
 
Keywords: Local Government; Development; Infrastructure
Identification of tin species released in solution during the water leaching of solids from the alkaline smelting (NaOH-KOH) of stanniferous ores
Authors: Muyungwa Phalaris Yuma , Kabuge Bertin Kitungwa , Kalenga Pierre Mubiayi , Lutandula Michel Shengo , Moloto Nosipho , Ngubeni Grace N. , Mbayo Marsi Kitambala , Wansanga Crépin Kyona
Published: June 2024

Tin species were studied Makundju ores in DRCongo. Identification of tin species released in aqueous solution during leaching of solids from the alkaline smelting (NaOH-KOH) was done to prepare added-value mining products on tin ores mined in the eastern DR Congo. Prior to alkaline fusion to have the smelting products (SP), the initial sample (IS) was processed for tests and characterization of tin species. Alkaline fusion in molten KOH-NaOH system was used and leached solution was considered for further analyses. Various physicochemical techniques including X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and FTIR spectroscopy were used to characterize the initial ore and the molten cake. Water leached cake solution at a solid/liquid ratio of 1:10 was used to identify and characterize tin species. ICP-OES analysis of the pH 11.9 solution revealed a content of 4506.3 ppm, which is equivalent to a 95.87% leaching yield. Such yield attests to the stable Sn(OH)2-6(aq) ion as confirmed by UV-Vis. Crystallizations of M2Sn(OH)6(s) (M = Na and/or K) was studied using XRD, FTIR and TGA. As pH decreases below 9, Sn(OH)2-6(aq) ion changes to other tin species such as Sn(OH)-5(aq), Sn(OH)4(S), Sn(OH)+3(aq), Sn(OH)2+2(aq), Sn(OH)3+(aq) and Sn(OH)4+(aq). The stability of each the tin species was determined at different pH values in aqueous solution. Hence, alkaline hexahydroxostannate nanoparticles, used in many electronic applications, can be produced from tin ores.
Small Arms Ammunition: Light at the End of the Barrel?
Authors: Carle Christophe
Published: June 2024

In celebration of UNIDIR’s twenty-fifth anniversary, this special double issue of Disarmament Forum focuses on a topic of long-standing interest at UNIDIR—small arms and light weapons. With the preparations for the 2006 Review Conference on the Programme of Action well under way, the contributors to this Disarmament Forum hope to give governments, international organizations, researchers and the non-governmental community a wealth of ideas and reflections that will help to shape the implementation of the PoA over the next five years—and beyond. This double issue features UNIDIR researchers and partners who are specialists in the small arms field. Authors look at the history of the PoA itself and its current state, special processes and cooperative frameworks that have developed to support the PoA, additional negotiations, and regional aspects of the small arms issue.
Exploring the Technical Feasibility of Marking Small Ammunition
Authors: Grand-Clément Sarah , Kondor Robert
Published: June 2024

Marking individual rounds of small calibre ammunition with sufficient relevant information such as the calibre, manufacturer, importing country, year of manufacture and specific lot or batch number, alongside accurate and long-term record-keeping, can help improve identification and tracing of recovered rounds and help identify any point of diversion, as such markings can aid criminal investigations of armed violence or help determine the efficacy of arms embargoes, ultimately reducing the loss of human lives. This report explores three different marking technologies: stamping, laser marking and chemical taggants. The aim is to demonstrate which methods are available to mark small calibre ammunition rounds with sufficient identifying information to enable identification, profiling, and tracing. This research aims to inform the ammunition processes taking place under the auspices of the United Nations, such as the Open-Ended Working Group on Conventional Ammunition, and aid in the implementation of the outcomes of such processes. It also aims to inform national mechanisms and legislation on the importance and feasibility of ammunition marking.
Uncrewed Aerial Systems: A Primer
Authors: Grand-Clément Sarah , Bajon Theò
Published: June 2024

The production and use of uncrewed aerial systems (UASs) – which include vehicles that can be piloted either remotely or semi-autonomously – has increased. This primer introduces the different types of UAS (otherwise known as drones), including fixed-wing systems and rotary-wing systems such as quadcopters. It describes their key components and functions, as well as outlining the main challenges that these systems can pose to international security. The focus of the primer is on describing the main areas of technological innovation and development related to the key components that comprise UASs, outlining the anticipated areas of progress and potential concern.
Uncrewed Maritime Systems: A Primer
Authors: Grand-Clément Sarah , Bajon Theò
Published: June 2024

The development of uncrewed maritime systems (UMSs) – which include vehicles that can be piloted either remotely or semi-autonomously – has increased. This primer introduces the different types of UMS, otherwise known as surface, underwater or maritime drones. It also describes their key components and functions, as well as outlining the main challenges that these systems can pose to international security. The focus of the primer is on describing the main areas of technological innovation and development related to the key components that comprise UMSs, outlining the anticipated areas of progress and potential concern.
Enhancing the Protection of Civilians through Conventional Arms Control – Challenges and Opportunities for United Nations Peace Operations
Authors: Lilly Damian , Morais Figueiredo Barbara
Published: June 2024

Conventional arms control and disarmament efforts have historically been framed as a humanitarian cause to limit human suffering. However, activities with an arms control component have only featured to a limited extent within the protection of civilians (POC) mandates of United Nations peace operations. Both issues feature on the agenda of the United Nations Security Council which mandates missions, but the linkages between the two have not been well explored at policy, strategic and operational levels. Produced in conjunction with the International Peace Institute, this brief provides an analysis of the actual, and potential, contribution of conventional arms control and related activities to POC within the context of United Nations peace operations – both peacekeeping operations and special political missions (SPM). There has been limited research conducted on this topic and it has been addressed in only a cursory manner in relevant policies, guidelines, and strategies. This work therefore attempts to demonstrate the existing linkages between these two mandated tasks, as well as to pinpoint some of the barriers and challenges to why conventional arms control has not featured more fully within the POC efforts of missions. It then identifies the relevant entry points based on concrete examples of how arms control-related activities can be better leveraged by United Nations peace operations to ensure a more effective protection of civilians.
FAQ on the Use of Explosive Weapons in Populated Areas
Authors: Malaret Baldo Alfredo , Bajon Theò
Published: June 2024

The use of explosive weapons with wide area effects in populated areas is a particular concern for the United Nations. In this UNIDIR FAQ, our Conventional Arms and Ammunition Programme breaks down the issue. This FAQ presents brief descriptions of key terms and offers an overview of work done by the Programme to unpack and understand the “reverberating effects” from the use of explosive weapons in populated areas.
Weapons and Ammunition Management in Africa Insight: 2022 Update
Authors: Mensah-Sackey Anna , Giezendanner Hardy , Holtom Paul
Published: June 2024

Ineffective through-life management of weapons and ammunition contributes to diversion and illicit proliferation and thus facilitates, exacerbates, and accelerates armed conflict, armed violence, including gender-based violence, and instability. This impedes social and economic development. Weapons and ammunition management (WAM) is the oversight, accountability, and governance of conventional arms and ammunition throughout their life cycle. UNIDIR has identified ten key functional areas for WAM, including a national coordination mechanism and a national legal and regulatory framework, as well as measures to be taken for transfer controls, stockpile management, marking, record-keeping, dealing with illicit arms and ammunition, and disposal. This is the first annual update by UNIDIR to recognize the progress made by nine African states to strengthen their WAM policy and practice after undertaking a WAM baseline assessment using UNIDIR’s methodology. The report presents national examples of progress in addressing gaps and deficiencies in the ten key functional areas for WAM.
The Role of Industry and Other Private Sector Actors in Efforts to Counter the Diversion of Conventional Arms (ATT Issue Brief 4)
Authors: Fletcher Ryan , Mensah-Sackey Anna , Perkins Rob
Published: June 2024

This Issue Brief is intended to raise awareness and increase the knowledge of States Parties and other relevant stakeholders on effective ways of engaging industry and other private sector actors to prevent and address the diversion of conventional arms. It presents a preliminary non-exhaustive mapping of industry and other private sector actors engaged in the various stages of the arms transfer chain and highlights some “red flags” and risk indicators that they can consider while conducting their day-to-day businesses to support States Parties in the detection and prevention of diversion. It also provides information on existing practices and opportunities for enhancing the engagement of industry and other private sectors actors within the ATT framework. The paper is the fourth in a series of issue briefs released from a research Consortium established by UNIDIR, Conflict Armament Research and Stimson Center in 2019. The research aims at increasing knowledge and strengthening shared understanding on the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) to support its effective implementation.
Weapons and Ammunition Management Country Insight: Central African Republic
Authors: Giezendanner Hardy , Mensah-Sackey Anna
Published: June 2024

UNIDIR defines WAM in a comprehensive manner covering the oversight, accountability and governance of conventional arms and ammunition throughout their management cycle, including the establishment of relevant national frameworks, processes and practices for the safe and secure production and acquisition of materiel, stockpiling, transfers, end use control, tracing and disposal. This holistic approach is essential in ensuring that efforts to better regulate arms and ammunition are undertaken in alignment with broader security sector, rule of law, armed violence reduction, counter-terrorism, and peacebuilding processes, and not in isolation. This country insight presents key findings of the national WAM baseline follow-up assessment conducted in April 2022 by the Government of the Central African Republic (CAR), via the designated national lead entity, the Commission nationale de Lutte contre la Prolifération des Armes Légères et de Petit Calibre (ComNat-ALPC) in cooperation with and with technical assistance from the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), with the organisational and logistical support of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilisation Mission in the CAR (MINUSCA). The publication draws from the comprehensive baseline follow-up assessment report transmitted by UNIDIR to the Government of CAR in August 2022 and sheds light on the progress made in WAM since the first baseline assessment in 2017, the existing institutional and operational capacities, challenges faced by the Central African authorities at the strategic and operational levels and options for further strengthening the national framework governing the life-cycle management of weapons and ammunition in CAR. The Country Insight covers the period up to April 2022 and does not reflect or take into account more recent changes and developments including with regards to WAM in CAR since April 2022. Nevertheless, most of the main findings as well as the identified options to further strengthening WAM in CAR remain relevant and valid. UNIDIR encourages the community of states, regional and sub-regional organisations and relevant international partners to consult this CAR WAM Country Insight, as well as its Country Insight and Annual WAM Update series, as a basis for strengthening WAM policies and practices at different levels as well as planning, implementing and evaluating future programmes and projects related to WAM, and related areas, in CAR and other respective African States.
The Role of Industry in Responsible International trasnfers of Conventional Arms
Authors: Holtom Paul , Mensah-Sackey Anna
Published: June 2024

On Thursday 26 January 2023, the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), the Stimson Center and Conflict Armament Research organized a one-day brainstorming workshop on “The Role of Industry in Responsible International Transfers of Conventional Arms” in support of the Republic of Korea’s presidency of the Ninth Conference of States Parties (CSP9) to the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT). This summary report presents some of the workshop’s key discussion points and issues for consideration during the ATT CSP9 cycle of meetings. It provides some background information on industry expectations regarding the impact of the ATT and explores how to improve industry engagement with the ATT process. It also highlights some of the potential benefits for industry – which ranges from arms manufacturers, via logistics companies to financial service providers – if the ATT can facilitate greater convergence of arms transfer laws and regulatory approaches around the world. It is anticipated that this document can support the preparation of a working paper by the CSP9 presidency that contains recommendations for concrete action to support effective implementation and universalization of the ATT.
The Role of Interagency Cooperation in the Effective Implementation of Arms Trade Treaty Provisions: Brainstorming Workshop Summary
Authors: Holtom Paul
Published: June 2024

On Wednesday, 17 January 2024, the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, Stimson Center, Conflict Armament Research, and the Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs organized a one-day brainstorming workshop on “The Role of Interagency Cooperation in the Effective Implementation of Arms Trade Treaty Provisions”, in support of Romania’s presidency of the Tenth Conference of States Parties to the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT CSP10). This summary report presents some of the workshop’s key discussion points and issues for consideration during the ATT CSP10 cycle of meetings. It is anticipated that this document can support the preparation of a working paper by the CSP10 Presidency that contains recommendations for concrete action to support effective implementation and universalization of the ATT. This report provides some background information on the role of interagency cooperation in effective ATT implementation, based on a review of material shared by States. It highlights some of the common challenges for establishing and maintaining interagency cooperation, as well as lessons learned and key principles to support effective treaty implementation. Workshop participants shared concrete recommendations for consideration in the Working Groups on Effective Treaty Implementation, Transparency and Reporting, and Treaty Universalization, as well proposals to enable the sharing of effective practices to overcome challenges for establishing and maintaining interagency cooperation.
The Use of Uncrewed Aerial Systems by Non-State Armed Groups: Exploring Trends in Africa
Authors: Morais Figueiredo Barbara
Published: June 2024

This report examines current and emerging trends in non-State armed groups' (NSAGs) use of uncrewed aerial systems (UASs) in Africa, and assesses the implications for national and regional security and stability. It provides an overview of African NSAGs' use of UASs over recent years, analysing the most prevalent types of UAS operations by these groups, as well as their most common targets and impacts. It then identifies and assesses some of the enabling factors and salient trends influencing how African NSAGs currently deploy or could deploy these systems in the future. The analysis in the report is based on a data set of incidents of UAS use by NSAGs in Africa in the period January 2018–June 2023.
Unregulated: Examining the Global Proliferation of Craft-Production Weapons
Authors: Vecchioni Matilde , Topal Sanem
Published: June 2024

Illicitly craft-produced small arms and light weapons (SALW) are increasingly used in episodes of armed violence, terrorism, and criminality across all regions of the world. Despite the global nature of this issue, and the significant challenges it poses for regulation, detection and control, a global discussion on and approach to this issue is lacking. In June 2024, UNIDIR will present a global study on crafted-produced SALW to increase knowledge and understanding on proliferation trends, and raise awareness of the challenges for preventing and addressing their illicit proliferation, trafficking, and misuse. This factsheet presents a preliminary and non-exhaustive overview of the information collected from 43 States, as well as United Nations entities, regional organizations, and civil society actors. This information is intended to support preparations for the Fourth Review Conference on the implementation of the Programme of Action (PoA) and International Tracing Instrument (ITI). Information presented in this Factsheet draws upon UNIDIR’s Global Survey on addressing the global craft production of SALW, which was distributed to all UN Member States during 2023. The Survey sought to gather information to enable a mapping of different types of SALW craft production around the globe, and identify challenges and effective measures to address the illicit proliferation of craft-produced SALW. UNIDIR continues to welcome contributions to this research.
Gestion des armes et des munitions – Aperçu de pays: Republique du Bénin
Authors: Bajon Theò , Coulibaly Mohamed
Published: June 2024

L'UNIDIR définit la gestion des armes et des munition (GAM) comme étant exercice de la supervision et de la gouvernance, en suivant le principe de la responsabilité, des armes conventionnelles et des munitions tout au long de leur cycle de gestion, y compris l'établissement de cadres, de processus et de pratiques nationaux pertinents pour l'acquisition sûres et sécurisées de matériel, le stockage, les transferts, le contrôle de l'utilisation finale, le traçage et l'élimination finale. Cette approche holistique est essentielle afin de garantir que les efforts visant à mieux réglementer les armes et les munitions sont entrepris en concordance avec les processus plus larges du secteur de la sécurité, de l'État de droit, de la réduction de la violence armée, de la lutte contre le terrorisme, ainsi qu’avec les efforts de la consolidation de la paix, et non pas de manière isolée et détachée. Cet Aperçu de Pays présente les principales conclusions de l'évaluation nationale de base en matière d'armes et de munitions, réalisée en avril 2022 par le gouvernement de la République du Bénin, par l'intermédiaire de l'entité nationale désignée comme chef de file, la Commission Nationale de Lutte contre la Prolifération des Armes Légères (CNLCPAL), en coopération avec la Communauté Économique des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEDEAO) et l'Institut des Nations Unies pour la Recherche sur le Désarmement (UNIDIR). La publication s'appuie sur le rapport complet d'évaluation de suivi de base transmis par l'UNIDIR, en coopération avec la CEDEAO, au gouvernement de la République du Bénin et apporte un éclairage sur les capacités institutionnelles et opérationnelles existantes en matière de GAM, les défis rencontrés par les autorités béninoises aux niveaux stratégique et opérationnel ainsi que les options pour renforcer davantage le cadre national régissant la gestion du cycle de vie des armes et des munitions au Bénin. L’Aperçu de Pays couvre la période allant jusqu'à avril 2022 et ne reflète pas ou ne prend pas en compte les changements et les développements plus récents, y compris en ce qui concerne la GAM au Bénin depuis avril 2022. Néanmoins, la plupart des principales conclusions ainsi que les options identifiées pour renforcer davantage la GAM au Bénin restent pertinentes et valables. L'UNIDIR encourage la communauté des Etats, les organisations régionales et sous-régionales et les partenaires internationaux concernés à consulter cet Aperçu de Pays sur la GAM au Bénin, ainsi que ses séries d’Aperçu de Pays sur la GAM ainsi que les mises à jour annuelles, comme base afin de renforcer les politiques et les pratiques de la GAM à différents niveaux, ainsi que pour planifier, mettre en œuvre et évaluer les futurs programmes et projets liés à la GAM, et aux domaines connexes, au Bénin et dans d'autres États africains respectivement.
The history of the establishment of organs for fact-finding in the resolution of international disputes
Authors: KHORVATOVA Oksana , ANTONOVA Olena , SAVKA Oleksandr , BILETSKYI Illia
Published: June 2024

The paper traces the historical background of the formation and development of the institution of international fact-finding. As a result of the progressive development of international law, the institution of international investigation emerged at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, first receiving its international legal consolidation in the Hague Convention on the peaceful settlement of international disputes of 1899. The history of establishing fact-finding bodies by states, which acted as parties to disputes based on factual issues, both at the universal and regional levels, is examined. The practice of resorting to investigation procedures within international intergovernmental organizations such as the League of Nations, the UN, ILO, ICAO, the World Bank, the EU, and others is considered. In the modern period of international law, the fact-finding procedure has gained quite extensive use and is implemented in a more primitive form, especially within the activities of the United Nations. The UN establishes international commissions (composed mainly of individuals who are not citizens of the parties to the dispute or participants in the situation) authorized, as often happens, not only to establish facts (conduct investigations) but also endowed with broad competence to provide conclusions on legal issues and recommendations for dispute resolution or situation. The UN also uses the international investigation procedure in conjunction with other international mechanisms for dispute resolution. Referring to international bodies for fact-finding, as one of the means of peaceful settlement of international disputes, was first provided for by the Hague Conventions on the peaceful settlement of international disputes of 1899 and 1907. Therefore, the existence of various nature international investigating commissions - from "pure" fact-finding in the Tigre case to investigations regarding the Red Cross and the Letellier and Moffitt case, which were close to arbitration.
Features of information protection in the activity of justice enforcement bodies
Authors: KOLESNIKOV Andrii
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The perception of information as one of the key resources for the development of society is a widely recognised fact. The quality of its processing, timeliness and completeness of its receipt and professional use largely determine the effectiveness of decision-making. At the same time, achieving these results requires the development and implementation of reliable information protection mechanisms. Protection of information in the activities of the judiciary is a critical aspect, especially in connection with the development of digital technologies. It is important to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data, which will help to increase trust in the judicial system and ensure human rights and freedoms.
The purpose of the paper is to study the peculiarities of information protection in the activities of the judiciary.
Results. The paper examines the definition of the category "information" in scientific works and legislation of Ukraine and outlines the need to take into account the sectoral aspect in its interpretation. The author identifies the objects of legal protection in the field of information and proves the need to include information about subjects who have access to information resources and information systems. The author outlines new challenges in the field of information protection which arose during the military invasion of the Russian Federation. Attention is drawn to the problem of non-compliance by officials with the basic rules of information hygiene. The author substantiates the need for a systematic approach to ensuring information security in the judicial system. Attention is drawn to the role of certain specialised structural subdivisions of the High Council of Justice in ensuring information security in the judicial system. The author outlines the peculiarity of the approach to the protection of personal data of participants to the judicial process.
Conclusion. Protection of information in the activities of the judiciary is an important tool for the effectiveness of the judicial system, so a clear definition of the objects of protection will optimise the effectiveness of the tools to ensure it. It is important to protect not only resources and information systems, but also information about persons who have access to information resources and information systems. It is important not only to ensure procedural aspects, but also to comply with basic information hygiene methods. Achieving this requires a systematic approach to information security in the judiciary.