bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os setenta anos da Convenção Europeia de Direitos Humanos e as muitas dúvidas ainda existentes sobre sua real eficácia na Itália
Authors: Ferraro Angelo Viglianisi
Published: December 2020

A Convenção para a Proteção dos Direitos Humanos e das Liberdades Fundamentais (CEDH), assinada em 4 de novembro de 1950 em Roma pelos representantes dos Estados Membros do Conselho da Europa, permite que indivíduos processem seus governos por violação dos direitos humanos. Apesar de sua importância em garantir os interesses supremos da pessoa, 70 anos após a assinatura da CEDH, ainda existem muitas dúvidas sobre a real eficácia que esta Convenção deve ter na hierarquia de fontes em nível nacional. Na Itália, alguns juízes começaram a desaplicar normas nacionais em conflito com a CEDH. Mas, em 2007, a Corte Costituzionale decidiu interromper essa tendência, que constituiu uma “exceção” indevida à supremacia constitucional e derrogou a revisão centralizada. Essa abordagem sofre algumas críticas. Para garantir uma eficácia real do sistema da CEDH, é necessário fortalecer e aumentar a autoridade dos direitos da Convenção em nível nacional, garantindo também a implementação rápida e eficaz dos acórdãos do Tribunal de Estrasburgo.
Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Shielded Metal Arc Welded Dual Phase Steel Joints
Authors: Laroui Walid , Chegroune Redouane , Talaş Şükrü , Keddam Mourad , Badji Riad
Published: December 2020

Dual Phase steels are widely used in industry for various reasons for their improved mechanical properties owing to their ferrite and martensite contents in microstructure and good formability at industrial scale to achieve final shape with good ductility. In this study, shielded metal arc welding experiments were performed in order to evaluate the metallurgically and mechanically the properties of Dual Phase steels obtained from plain carbon steel AISI 1010 by water quenching at intercritical temperatures. Martensite volume fraction (MVF) was related to the intercritical quenching temperature which defines the mechanical properties of Dual Phase steel. All the welding parameters were kept constant in order to get a value of heat input equals 1.37 KJ/mm for all weldments. Martensite was found to be predominated in the fusion zone and its hardness was the highest compared to base metal (BM) and heat affected zone (HAZ). The extent of ductile zone was found to be dependent on the MVF and reached over 1.2 mm wide. Tensile properties of weldments were deteriorated by 35% in ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and by 15% in elongation. The failure of all the welded joints was occurred in the SC zone, with the fractured surfaces of a dimple feature.
Nawrócenie jako warunek pojednania z Bogiem
Authors: Zając Marian
Published: December 2020

Niniejszy artykuł wyrasta z narracji zawartej w posynodalnej adhortacji apostolskiej Reconcilatio et paenitentia św. Jana Pawła II, który zdecydowanie przestrzegał chrześcijan przed utratą poczucia grzechu. Praca składa się z trzech proporcjonalnych części. W części pierwszej zostaną zaprezentowane wiodące przyczyny utraty poczucia grzechu we współczesnym świecie oraz strategia katechetyczna, która nawołuje do odróżnienie grzesznika od jego grzechu i jego przewinienia, aby osiągnąć prawdziwe pojednanie. W części drugiej zostanie podjęta próba uzasadnienia konieczności zwalczania wykroczeń moralnych, mogących pochodzić zarówno ze zwyczajnego zaniedbywania albo być skutkiem zobojętnienia duchowego. Zostanie wyjaśnione, że grzech to wyraźne zaburzenie przez wolny i świadomy czyn człowieka obiektywnego porządku Bożego istniejącego w świecie, oraz podkreślony fakt, że wciąż istnieje proces kuszenia do grzechu przez znaczące siły zła, a ten osłabia zdolność do nawrócenia. Zostanie także opisany pięciostopniowy proces pogrążania się w rzeczywistości grzechu. W części trzeciej zostanie wyjaśnione, dlaczego nawrócenie osobiste człowieka jest koniecznym elementem przebaczenia. Chociaż do prawdziwego przebaczenia win i krzywd może uzdolnić tylko Bóg, udzielający człowiekowi swej łaski, to jednak przebaczenie jest konieczne jako warunek prawidłowego rozwoju i dojrzewania osoby ludzkiej. Artykuł zakończą informacje, że bez nawrócenia i umiejętności przebaczenia nie ma prawdziwej wspólnoty międzyludzkiej, tym bardziej wspólnoty chrześcijańskiej.
Personalistic Concept of Moral Formation
Authors: Goliszek Piotr
Published: December 2020

Personalistyczna koncepcja formacji moralnej

Formacja moralna o charakterze personalistycznym jest uniwersalna, ponieważ odwołuje się do prawdy o człowieku jako osobie. W pierwszej kolejności prowadzi do wartości chrześcijańskich, ale zasadniczo odnosi się do czegoś podstawowego – do wyposażenia właściwego każdej osobie ludzkiej: wierzącej czy niewierzącej. Dlatego w podstawach personalistycznej formacji moralnej bardzo ważne miejsce zajmuje koncepcja osoby. Od niej zależą poszczególne rozstrzygnięcia procesu formacji moralnej. Formacja moralna jawi się zatem jako najbardziej prozopoiczny sposób przekazywania wartości, czyli kształtowanie człowieka wysokiej miary. Szczególną rolę pełni tu osoba, która jest modelem poznawczym, metodą konstruowania wiedzy, a przede wszystkim miejscem i sposobem zespolenia osoby człowieka z Osobą Chrystusa. Personalizm koreluje z całą naturą moralności. Jest metodą, która zbliża prawdy wiary i moralności do egzystencji konkretnego człowieka; sprawia, że stają się bliskie dla jego umysłu i serca oraz odpowiadają na najgłębsze potrzeby jego życia. Ponadto formacja moralna o charakterze personalistycznym nie ograniczy się do sposobów przekazywania treści wiary i moralności, lecz będzie poszukiwać dróg samorozumienia, samointerpretacji i samowychowania wychowanków oraz sposobów rozumienia świata doczesnego, dziejów, życia, społeczności, kultury – w świetle Osoby Chrystusa.
Kierunki badań w homiletyce niemieckojęzycznej XXI wieku (cz. 2)
Authors: Szewczyk Leszek
Published: December 2020

W pierwszej części opracowania omówiono działalność Zrzeszenia Homiletów Niemieckich (AGH), serię wydawniczą Ökumenische Studien zur Predigt oraz podręczniki do teologii homiletycznej. W drugiej natomiast części zostały zaprezentowane, na podstawie kilkudziesięciu opublikowanych w latach 2000-2018 monografii, kierunki badań w homiletyce niemieckojęzycznej. Tradycyjny, wewnętrzny podział homiletyki na fundamentalną, materialną, formalną i szczegółową, chociaż ma posmak dysputy akademickiej, nie jest pozbawiony racji. Pozwala na ukazanie faktu, że homiletyka jest nauką teologiczną we wszystkich swoich działach. Omówienie poszczególnych opracowań jest przeprowadzone właśnie w takim, odwołującym się do tradycyjnego podziału homiletyki, „kluczu”.
“It Is Inevitable to Speak of Jesus”: Homiletic Inspirations from the Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Querida Amazonia
Authors: Kowalski Rafał
Published: December 2020

Artykuł jest próbą analizy homiletycznych wskazań adhortacji apostolskiej „Querida Amazonia” Papieża Franciszka. Wskazany kierunek badań wydaje się uzasadniony, ponieważ dokument jest próbą znalezienia odpowiedzi przez Biskupa Rzymu na problemy i wyzwania stojące przed Kościołem w Ameryce Południowej, co w związku z jego duszpasterskim charakterem ukazuje głoszenie Słowa Bożego jako jeden z głównych duszpasterskich aktywności. Autor artykułu analizuje myśl Papieża Franciszka w trzech obszarach: terminologii, teologii i prakseologii. Taka perspektywa umożliwia całościowe ujęcie napomnienia i pozwala wydobyć z niej kluczowe wskazania dla głosicieli słowa Bożego. Pogłębione badanie „Querida Amazonia” prowadzi do zaskakującej obserwacji, że zakres dokumentu jest znacznie szerszy, niż może sugerować jego tytuł. W tej perspektywie Amazonia staje się symbolem świata, z którym Kościół próbuje dzielić się Ewangelią, a jego mieszkańcy - symbolem współczesnych słuchaczy słowa Bożego.
„Quaestio de quaestionibus”, czyli problem pytań retorycznych i ich funkcji w sztuce kaznodziejskiej
Authors: Ostafiński Witold
Published: December 2020

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prześledzenie na przykładzie kilkudziesięciu tekstów kaznodziejskich różnorodności stosowanych we współczesnej homiletyce funkcji, typów i wariantów pytań retorycznych (subiectio, communicatio, dubitatio, interrogatio) przede wszystkim w aspekcie illokucyjnym, z uwzględnieniem zasadności, skuteczności oraz adekwatności ich użycia w określonej części kazania.
Causes and consequences of iron deficiency without anemia in the practice of gynecologist
Authors: T. F. Tatarchuk  , N. V. Kosei  , N. F. Zakharenko  , K. S. Pavlova
Published: December 2020

The effect of iron deficiency (ID) without anemia on the reproductive health of women in contrast to iron deficiency anemia is still insufficiently evaluated from a clinical point of view, despite a weighty theoretical basis and a large pool of clinical observations. The purpose of this review is to systematize the ID causes without anemia in women associated and not associated with reproductive disorders, the effects of ID without anemia on reproductive health, and modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. ID without anemia affects most of the physiological processes in a woman's body, including hormonal regulation, immune processes and functions of the nervous system. The negative effect of ID without anemia on a woman's reproductive function is realized through hormone-mediated and immune mechanisms. ID without anemia is currently underestimated in terms of somatic and reproductive health of women, as well as quality of life. Сlinical manifestations of ID without anemia are mostly nonspecific, which is why clinicians, focusing only on hematological parameters are often explaining them by other reasons, which leads to late diagnosis. Assessment of hematological parameters alone is accompanied by significant underdiagnosis of ID without anemia. Diagnosis of ID without anemia should be carried out in women with risk factors (abnormal uterine bleeding, heavy menstrual bleeding, etc.), as well as with dyshormonal disorders, recurrent inflammatory processes in combination with ID symptoms by assessing the ferritin and transferrin saturation.To treat ID without anemia it is necessary to eliminate the etiological factor and carry out a sufficiently long-term supplementation with oral iron preparations with good tolerance and bioavailability. Iron bisglycinate is the form of iron intake that does not affect the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract and is absorbed by the small intestine mucosa unchanged, which ensures its good tolerability and high efficiency for the correction of ID.
Implementation of administrative supervision over persons released from places imprisonment
Authors: Aleksandrov A.S. , Mamin A.S.
Published: December 2020

The article is aimed at analyzing the problems that arise in the process of applying Russian legislation in the field of administrative supervision of persons released from prison. The author examines the shortcomings of the effectiveness of certain provisions of legislative acts related to the implementation of such supervision.
General and specific in the regulation of the aggregate of crimes in criminal code of the Russian Federation and in the criminal legislation of neighboring countries abroad
Authors: Askhadullina A.R.
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes the norms of the criminal legislation of the neighboring countries, dedicated to the regulation of the aggregate of crimes. The objectives of the above analysis is to identify both general and specific features in comparison with the domestic criminal law. The main ways of borrowing some provisions from foreign legislation are determined. The conducted study allows us to conclude that it is reasonable to make changes to the regulation of the aggregate of crimes.
Administrative legal relations arising in the implementation preventive activities of district police officers
Authors: Veretejnikova YU.I. , Mamin A.S.
Published: December 2020

This article is aimed at the consideration of administrative legal relations that arise during the implementation of preventive activities of district police commissioners. The author pays attention to the peculiarities of these legal relations.
The status of citizens in the process of legal proceedings as subjects of legal activity
Authors: Kotova S.G. , SHut'ko V.YU.
Published: December 2020

Improving procedural legislation is an important component of increasing the level of protection of human rights and freedoms in our state. The main goal of legal proceedings is to protect the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen (plaintiff, defendant, third parties, victim, accused, etc.). Achieving this goal is possible only with the active actions of citizens whose rights affect a particular process. Therefore, the urgent question is: to what extent current legislation provides an opportunity for individuals, participants in procedural legal relations, to defend their own rights, determining proper and possible behavior. The aim of the work is to analyze the status of citizens in the process of legal proceedings as subjects of legal activity.
The structure of legal policy: issues of theory and practice
Authors: Magomedova E.A. , Isaeva M.V. , Samorodnova A.O.
Published: December 2020

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the structure of legal policy. As elements of legal policy, the authors distinguish political organizations, political and legal norms, political interest, political consciousness, political relations, and political activity. The following is a description of all structural elements, taking into account their legal content. In addition, the article describes the practical aspect of legal policy in relation to the state-legal reality of modern Russia.
Problems of a lawyer's monopoly in civil proceedings
Authors: Nazaretyan K.A.
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the main directions of reforming the institution of judicial representation in civil proceedings in connection with the transformation of the bar into a monopolist in the market of legal services. It is proposed to take a number of measures to ensure citizens ' access to justice, since the right to judicial protection is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Legal regulation of the activities of Internet media in the Russian Federation
Authors: Samigullina E.A. , Pavlov S.YU.
Published: December 2020

In this article considered citizens' rights to information and development of ligislation on the subject.
Legal regulation of solving problems of pollution prevention Oceans
Authors: Strygina S.V.
Published: December 2020

The article analyses the legal basis of activities of cleaning up the world oceans. It is emphasized that they are complex. The role of the UN in solving environmental problems is also highlighted. The need for international cooperation in the protection of the marine environment is mentioned. The article raises the problem of improving both international and national legislation and eliminating gaps in the law. The importance of social responsibility of business is emphasized.
The specifics of the formation of the social system in the Russian Federation
Authors: Oskolkov A.V.
Published: December 2020

After the collapse of the USSR and the formation of a completely new state, about 30 years passed. Our country has moved from a socialist planned and centralized system of government to a state-market system. There was a period of transformational crisis, recovery of socio-economic recovery, as well as obvious periods of crises and stagnation in the social sphere. At the moment, there is a public demand for a fairer social policy, for better and more effective management in this area. To meet these requests, it is necessary to analyze the formation of the social system, social structure, and social policy, as well as to identify certain patterns that the current social system of the Russian Federation operates according to
Non Communicable Disease Programme of Colombo District, Sri Lanka: A Technical Report
Authors: J.L.H.R Wijegunasakara
Published: December 2020

Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) are the dominant chronic health problem in Sri Lanka. NCDs are basically classified into 2 types; acute NCD & chronic NCD. Policies, Strategies, Activities and monitoring and evaluation plans are in place in the National NCD programme.

The objective of this case study is to study the Non Communicable Disease Programme of the division of Regional Director of Health Services (RDHS) – Colombo. Key informant’s interviews, review of secondary literature and observation in district review meetings were used to collect information.

It was found that RDHS division - Colombo is responsible for both preventive and curative heath care for a population of 2.2 Million through 56 health care institutions. With regard to NCDs; injury surveillance, advocacy, capacity building, development of information, education & communication material, social media strategies and regular reviews are in good progress while gaps were seen in pre admission care, coverage of service, utilization pattern, treatment of NCDs, health promotion, inter sectorial corporation and information management system.

Nominal group technique was used for prioritization. The issue of “NCD curative care provision is not optimum” was selected as the highest priority problem. Fish born diagram was developed to find root causes. The arm of “Physician factors” was selected to give recommendations and action plan was prepared accordingly.
Intervención del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea en el ámbito de coordinación de los sistemas de Seguridad Social europeos
Authors: Martínez Martínez Verónica Lidia
Published: December 2020

Partiendo de una sucinta exposición de los antecedentes, integración y atribuciones del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, con base en el método analítico y la consulta de los principales fallos pronunciados por este órgano jurisdiccional, en este trabajo son expuestas las principales temáticas de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Luxemburgo en el ámbito de la coordinación de los sistemas de Seguridad Social europeos.

Recibido: 30.06.2020Aceptado: 21.12.2020
El marco jurídico de los datos relativos a la salud en el ámbito de la salud y de la investigación en salud tras la entrada en vigor del Reglamento General de Protección de Datos y de la Ley de Protección de Datos Personales y garantía de los derechos
Authors: Serrano Pérez Mª Mercedes
Published: December 2020

El tratamiento de los datos relativos a la salud tiene relevancia no solo a nivel individual en el entorno de la asistencia sanitaria personal, sino también desde el punto de vista colectivo, valorando la salud como un bien social. En la vertiente de la salud como bien comunitario, el empleo de los datos en investigación ha de rodearse de las garantías adecuadas para proteger los derechos de los sujetos, pero con la flexibilidad y racionalidad necesarias para no obstaculizar la labor de investigación en salud pública, que incluye también la investigación epidemiológica.

Recibido: 22.09.2020Aceptado: 21.12.2020
Montero Caro, María Dolores, Gobierno abierto como oportunidad de cambio, Dykinson, Madrid, 2020, 166 pp, ISBN 978-84-1324-858-5
Authors: Cárdenas Cordón Alicia
Published: December 2020

Hace escasos meses era noticia la aprobación por parte del pleno del Foro de gobierno abierto del IV plan de España sobre esta materia (2020-2024). En este aparecen marcados como principales objetivos la profundización en la transparencia y en la rendición de cuentas de las administraciones públicas, el impulso y consolidación de la participación en la gestión pública, el fortalecimiento de los valores éticos y de los mecanismos que afiancen la integridad de las instituciones públicas, y la sensibilización de la sociedad y empleados públicos sobre los valores del gobierno abierto.
Fernández Segado, Francisco, El juicio de amparo, la Constitución de Querétaro de 1917, y su influjo sobre la Constitución de la Segunda República española. Vol. II. El devenir del juicio de amparo en el último siglo (1917-2017)
Authors: Oehling de los Reyes Alberto
Published: December 2020

Francisco Fernández Segado es sin duda alguna el mayor especialista en jurisdicción constitucional en nuestro país, tanto desde una perspectiva de Derecho nacional como de Derecho comparado. Entre sus últimos trabajos se encuentra El juicio de amparo, la Constitución de Querétaro de 1917, y su influjo sobre la constitución de la segunda república española. Antecedentes y evolución del juicio de amparo hasta su recepción por la Constitución de Querétaro. El inicio con ella de la nueva era del constitucionalismo social, publicado en Dykinson (2017), cuya realización constituyó el homenaje personal del autor por el centenario de la Constitución de México de 1917.
Gestación por sustitución: la dignidad humana en juego
Authors: Arroyo Gil Antonio
Published: December 2020

La gestación por sustitución ha planteado serios problemas de orden público en aquellos Estados en los que, como es el caso de España, esta práctica no se encuentra legalizada. La tensión existente entre la dignidad y los derechos de la mujer gestante, los deseos de los futuros padres comitentes y, sobre todo, el interés superior del menor no pueden resolverse de manera automática, atribuyendo, en todo caso, prioridad a este último. Antes bien, se requiere un análisis pormenorizado de cada caso en el que se tengan en cuenta todas las circunstancias concurrentes. Las respuestas a nivel estatal son difíciles e insatisfactorias. Idealmente, sería precisa una solución de Derecho internacional público.

Recibido: 04.12.2020Aceptado: 21.12.2020
The Purpose and Tasks of Robotic Systems in the Russian Lunar Program
Authors: Dudorov E.A. , Sokhin I.G.
Published: December 2020

The exploration of the Moon and other planets of the Solar system involves a widespread use of robotic systems of various types and purposes. However, currently there is no generally accepted frame of reference for the effective application of different robotic systems for performing space exploration tasks. Based on the approach to the selection of priority robotic systems proposed by the authors, possible areas of their advanced application to support the implementation of the Russian lunar program are considered in this paper. Multi-criteria classification of space-based robotic systems, features of remote control of robots, and directions of work on the development of Russian robotic systems for the lunar program are also examined. The questions of necessity, possibility and validity of flight operations using space-based robotic systems are explored. The tasks of robots in the exploration of the Moon, which are divided into four phases: infrastructure, provision, operation and research, are considered. Key technologies of space robotics (electronics, mechanics, software, control), as well as related technologies at their intersection are presented. Three main areas of Roscosmos’ work on the development of technological, anthropomorphic and freight robots are presented. Conclusions on the implementation of plans for the exploration and use of the Moon are drawn.
An Analysis of Combined Radiation-Conductive Heat Transfer During the Destruction of Porous Carbon-Ceramic Composite Material of the Thermal Protection Shield
Authors: Prosuntsov P.V. , Barinov D.Y.
Published: December 2020

Carbon-ceramic composites are considered promising materials to be used in thermal protection shields of innovative descent vehicles that are currently being designed. The development of thermal shield material requires modelling its thermal-phase state under operational conditions. In this paper, physical and mathematical models are proposed for analysis of the destruction and radiation-conductive heat transfer in a porous carbon-ceramic composite material consisting of carbon fibres covered by silicon carbide. The models take into account all main physical and chemical processes of heating up and thermo-chemical destruction. A software package DMA based on the finite element method was developed, and modelling of heating up and destruction of the material was conducted. It was established that when the temperature was above 800 °С, the contribution of the radiation heat exchange became considerable. A comparison of the surface microstructures obtained through modelling and gas-dynamic testing in a plasmatron facility showed their qualitative agreement, while the mass loss did not exceed 16%.
Islam and Tolerance: The Educational Pattern of Community in Kutuk Village, Kudus
Authors: Yusrina Jihan Avie , Ma'arif Syamsul
Published: December 2020

This article expects the readers to witness the condition of religious harmony in the village of Kutuk in Undaan, Kudus, Central Java. The people who live in the village share various religious backgrounds, but they live side by side in harmony. This condition is achieved as the results of the education carried out by the Kutuk people since ancient times that has passed down through generations. Then, what kind of education pattern is being developed by the community to accompany every Muslim to be a tolerant ﬁgure? This research question is answered through a qualitative research with a case study approach that uses non-measurement techniques in data collection processes, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. This study conﬁrms that Kutuk village is a miniature of tolerant village in Kudus district. This village has a lifelong pattern of tolerance education, children with the education in their families, youth with peer education in youth organizations and adults with their educational councils. The methods that were utilized in the process of transmitting the tolerance values are education bil hal (education with good behavior and good examples), education bil maqol (education via oral tradition), and education bil du'a (education with a prayer). These ﬁndings provide some options to the community about applicable steps to empower families and communities in assisting Muslims to be tolerant. It is the evidence in the village that amaliyah of nahdliyyin such as yasinan, tahlilan, and berjanjenan have contributed signiﬁ cantly to educate Muslim to be socially and theologically pious adherents of Islam.
Front Page
Authors: Analisa Analisa
Published: December 2020

Front Page
DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF FOREIGN BODIES IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT IN CHILDREN. A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Akilov H. A. , Asadullaev D. R.
Published: December 2020

Foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract in children is one of the most challenging clinical scenarios which pediatric surgeons and gastroenterologists face. Previously published materials demonstrate that 80% of foreign bodies pass spontaneously through the gastrointestinal digestive tract without any harm to the child’s health, while 20% require endoscopic and/or surgical intervention, since delay in treatment can cause serious life-threatening complications. The present review discusses prevalence of foreign body ingestion in children. It also describes in detail controversial aspects of current diagnostic and treatment modalities.
A RARE CASE OF BILATERAL OBSTRUCTIVE MEGAURETER WITH A GIANT URETRAL URETEROCELE ON THE LEFT
Authors: Rumyantseva G. N. , Kartashev V. N. , Dolinina M. V. , Osipov I. B. , Osipov A. I. , Alekseeva L. A.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses a case of 4-year-old patient with a bilateral obstructive megaureter of a non-functioning left kidney and with the opening of this kidney ureter into the urethra with extravasal location of a giant ureterocele. The malformation of the urinary system was accompanied by a comorbid disease of bronchopulmonary system in the form of tuberculosis of the lungs and intra-thoracic lymph nodes. At the age of one month, due to decompensation of the only functioning right kidney, urine was withdrawn by applying a ureterostomy. Later, a proximal lateral cutaneous ureterostomy was put because of social reasons (mother refused of her baby). In two months, the next step was performed - a ureterocystoneostomy by the Cohen’s antireflux technique. After a long-term treatment for tuberculosis in clinics of Tver and St. Petersburg, at the age of 4, the girl was operated on at the first surgical department at St-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University. Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy on the left with conversion to lower-middle laparotomy and resection of the terminal part of the left ureter with a giant ectopic ureterocele as well as closure of the ureterocutaneostomy on the right were performed. After stabilization, the child was transferred to a children’s boarding school in Tver, and currently is supervised by pediatric urologists and TB specialists.
THE ANTISTRESS EFFECT OF XENON IN SUBNARCOTIC CONCENTRATIONS IN CHILDREN WITH SEVERE INJURIES
Authors: Bagaev V. G. , Mitish V. A. , Sabinina T. C. , Melnichuk O. C. , Medinsky P. V. , Amcheslavsky V. H. , Ivanova T. F. , Ostreikov I. F. , Lukyanov V. I.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. In the present trial, the authors studied anti-stress properties of subnarcotic concentrations of gas Xenon (Xe) which is used for treating children with severe traumas. Purpose. To study anti-stress properties of subnarcotic concentrations of gas Xenon (Xe) which is used for treating children with severe injuries. Material and methods. 10 children, aged 13 ± 3 years, with severe trauma were taken into the study: 6 girls with mine-explosive injuries ( a terrorist attack in Kerch in 2018), 3 boys with multiple dog bites and one patient after a traffic accident. To treat them, 20-30% Xe with O2 was used. A session lasted for 20 minutes; the course included from 5 to 12 sessions. Device KTK-01 (LLC “KseMed”, Russia) was used. Pain intensity was assessed with the numerical rating scale (NRS) , sedative effect - with BIS index and Ramsey sedation scale. Patients’ blood was also examined for the level of somatotropic hormone (STH), cortisol (Co) and insulin. Results. Indications for Xe therapy in children were: persistent pain syndrome (PS) and acute stress disorder (ASD). Patients fell asleep (drug-induced sleep) under 20-30% Xe concentration in the respiratory mixture. The average values of BIS index decreased from 95.5 ± 2.5 U to 86.5 ± 5.0 U (p
SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF PERITONEAL DIALYSIS IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE
Authors: Dobroserdov D. A. , Schebenkov M. V. , Shavkin A. L.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Peritoneal dialysis has a number of undeniable advantages in children with chronic renal failure (CRF). Despite widely used efforts to improve outcomes of peritoneal dialysis, its application is still limited by complications which are extremely common. Material and methods. 53 children with chronic renal failure who received peritoneal dialysis from 2003 to 2018 were taken into the study. Inclusion criteria were: diagnosed chronic renal failure, age (up to 18) and peritoneal dialysis. Results. Out of 53 children requiring peritoneal dialysis (PD), only 7 patients (13%) had no reported complications. Of 46 children with PD complications, 35 patients required surgical treatment under anesthesia. The most common complication in the first month of dialysis was dialysis peritonitis. 14 events per 12 patients (22.6%). Second place - pericatheter leaks (13.2%); bleeding at the catheter exit site - 6 (11.3%); inguinal hernia - 12 patients (22.6%); catheter dysfunction - 10 patients (19%). Infectious complications of peritoneal dialysis were registered in 34 patients (64%), of which 38% (13 patients) had concomitant non-infectious complications (leaks, dysfunction, tunnel hematoma). In our study, tissue infection (TI) was observed in 21 patient (40%); in 5 patients (25% of all TI), it was associated with dialysis peritonitis. There were 93 peritonitis cases . Conclusion. The increasing number of children with renal pathology requiring renal replacement therapy makes dialysis specialists (nephrologists, surgeons) face new tasks to reduce the number of complications and prolong the life of such patients.
MINIMALLY INVASIVE TREATMENT OF OBSTRUCTIONS OF THE PYELOURETERAL SEGMENT IN NEONATES AND INFANTS. STATE OF THE ART
Authors: Kozlov Y. A. , Rasputin A. A. , Kovalkov K. A. , Baradieva P. Zh. , Ochirov Ch. B. , Poloyan S. S. , Kapuller V. M. , Kagantsov I. M. , Minevich E. ..
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The obstruction of pyeloureteral junction is the most common cause of hydronephrosis in neonates and infants. Indications for surgical treatment include: decrease in differentiated renal function less than 40%, continued decrease in differentiated renal function for more than 10% in subsequent examinations, poor excretory function at diuretic renography (T ½ more than 20 min), increase in the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvis over 20 mm or dilatation of degrees III and IV by the classification of the Society of Fetal Urology (SFU). Material and methods. Treatment options for this condition include a wide range of approaches - from active observation to minimally invasive methods, including laparoscopic or robotic pyeloplasty. The main goal of treatment is to alleviate symptoms as well as to improve and / or to maintain renal function. The most common technique for removing obstruction of the pyeloureteral junction is dismembered pyeloplasty which is also called Anderson-Hynes operation. The Anderson-Hynes laparoscopic pyeloplasty is not widely spread what reflects the complex nature of this surgery in newborns and infants. A surgical access aiming to provide a minimally invasive correction of the obstruction in the pelvic-ureteric junction can be achieved equally by laparoscopic pyeloplasty, retroperitoneoscopicpyeloplasty and robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Results. Currently, there is a limited number of reports on the application of laparoscopic techniques for treating pyeloureteral segment obstructions in newborns and infants. The reasonability of such an approach in children under one year of age remains a matter of debate. It has been found out that postoperative results after laparoscopy are similar to those after a conventional open intervention. Conclusion. This literature review demonstrates that a surgeon - before performing reconstructive operations on infant’s kidneys must have a good experience in many other advanced laparoscopic procedures with endosurgical suturing . Laparoscopy offers many more benefits than simply reducing the patient’s hospital stay or less drug use. The magnification inherent to high-definition (HD) or ultra-high-resolution television (UHD or 4K) technology makes these surgical interventions more accurate due to better visualization of such microobjects and their layers at the baby’s ureter, which has a diameter slightly exceeding 2 mm. Another advantage of laparoscopy lies in more adequate assessment of the situation in case of hydronephrosis than that in the open surgery.
LASER SURGERY OF NEVUS OF OTA AND NEVUS OF ITO
Authors: Ponomarev I. V. , Andrusenko Yu. N. , Shakina L. D.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Clinical variants of congenital melanocytosis in the dermis- nevus of Ota and nevus of Ito (NOI) - may cause marked cosmetic effects; they fail to regress and are reported to be associated with the risk of malignancy. Purpose. To develop criteria and the algorithm for selecting the optimal laser system and radiation specifications to remove NOI considering specific properties of the optical pattern of skin lesions having different locations and melanin concentration. Methods. A scientific and analytical review of publications indexed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Web of Science, Russian Medicine, RSCI. Calculation of laser radiation absorption coefficients for various pathomorphological variants of dermal melanocyte locations, given the peculiarities of laser light interaction with targeted photothermophores in NOI focus. Results. The authors present data on epidemiology, history and clinical features of congenital derma melanocytosis of nevus of Ota and nevus of Ito (NOI) - localized, predominantly in periocular and periclavicular regions. Molecular mechanisms of NOI progression in children and adolescents are discussed. There are also data [WU1] on the efficacy and risks of side effects when treating NOI lesions with ruby (wavelength 694 nm), alexandrite ( wavelength 755 nm) and neodymium ( wavelength 1064 nm) laser light. Effectiveness and features of side effects of different wavelengths of laser light are compared. In the article, one can find criteria for selecting an optimal option for NOI laser treatment: maximal efficiency assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS), number of laser sessions and severity of early and late side effects. For the first time, the authors present data on calculations of quantitative characteristics of optic skin biophotonic pattern if a melanocyte is localized in the papillary and reticular dermis in periocular zone. Conclusion. The obtained calculations on optic characteristics of skin biophotonics suggest [WU2] that two-wave laser irradiation with wavelengths 511 nm and 578 nm will be highly effective with a minimum risk of side effects when removing atypical melanocytes in case of congenital melanocytosis in the papillary and reticular dermis in periocular zone. Algorithms for different pathomorphological variants of melanocyte locatied in the dermis in NOI focus have been proposed to obtain an optimal modality for laser treatment using two-wavelength laser light with 511 nm and 578 nm which is generated by Russian-made copper vapor laser system "Yakhroma-Med" manufactured by Lebedev Physical Institute subordinate to the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS).
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARTERIAL STIFNESS AND 25-(OH) VITAMIN D, FGF 23 IN MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: KARAKOSE Suleyman , BAL Zeynep , SAYİN Burak , ERKMEN AKDOĞAN Mehtap , GOKUSTUN Dilek , TUTAL Emre , SEZER Siren
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE: Vascular calcification (VC) is highly prevalent in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) population and increasing evidence indicates that abnormalities in mineral metabolism are closely associated with VC and increased mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. In our study, we hypothesized that high FGF-23 and low endogeneous vitamin D levels might be a result of high calcium load and aimed to determine the relationship between 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and arterial stiffness in CKD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and seventeen patients who were receiving MHD 3 times a week for at least 24 months were selected and followed up for 12 months.We analysed the influence of one years’ cumulative calcium and theraupetic vitamin D (paricalcitol and calcitriol) intake, and serum FGF-23 level on 25(OH)D3 levels and the impacts of these parameters on the change in annual PWV measurement results in MHD patients. RESULTS: Elementary calcium dose was significantly higher in vitamin D insufficiency group than compared to control group (p=0.014). Seum level of FGF-23 were positively correlated with duration of HD (p=0.001), mean PTH (p=0.001), mean P (p=0.009) and mean CaxP (p=0.006). Baseline PWV measurement were similar between two groups however patients in insufficiency group had higher 12th month PWV measurements compared to control group (p=0.034). CONCLUSION: Calcium could increase serum FGF23 levels by indeterminate mechanisms independently of serum phosphate level. Elevated FGF-23 levels was found to be insulting a decline in vitamin D levels which may cause VC and stiffening of the arteries and resulting higher PWV measurements.
1900 METRE RAKIMDA HEMOGLOBİN YÜKSEKLİĞİ NEDENİ İLE BAŞVURAN OLGULARIN ETYOLOJİSİ: TEK MERKEZ DENEYİMİ
Authors: SİNCAN Gülden , SİNCAN Suat , TOPDAĞI Ömer , YÜKSEL Beyza , ERDEM Fuat , YILDIRIM Rahşan
Published: December 2020

AMAÇ: Hemoglobin yüksekliğinin nedenleri primer, sekonder ve idiopatik olup; en önemli sekonder nedenlerden birisi yüksek rakımdır. Biz bu çalışmada 1900 metre rakımda olan Erzurum ilinde, hematoloji polikliniğine hemoglobin yüksekliği nedeniyle başvuran hastaların etyolojik nedenlerinin araştırılmasını amaçladık.

GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamıza 180 hasta dahil edildi. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün yayınladığı polisitemia vera tanı kriterlerine uygun olarak; hemoglobin değeri kadınlarda >16 g/dl, erkeklerde >16.5 g/dl ise yüksek olarak kabul edildi. Hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi ve yaş, cinsiyet, hemogram parametreleri, eritropoetin değeri, dalak boyutu, JAK2 mutasyon varlığı, kemik iliği biyopsi sonuçları, komorbid hastalıkları ve sigara alışkanlığı kaydedildi.

BULGULAR: Olguların yaş ortalaması 50.35±15.97 olup 50 (%27.8) olgu kadın, 130 (%72.2) olgu erkek idi. Olguların 176’sın da (% 97.8) mutlak, 4’ün de (% 2.2) rölatif hemoglobin yüksekliği saptandı. Hemoglobin değerinin üst sınırı rakıma göre düzeltildiğinde 12 (% 6.7) kadın, 16 (% 8.9) erkek olgunun hemoglobin değeri normaldi. Olguların 17’sin de (% 9.4) polisitemia vera, 152’sin de (%84.4) sekonder polisitemi saptanırken; 7 (% 3.9) olgu idiopatik olarak değerlendirildi. 15 (% 8.3) olguda JAK2V617F, 1 (% 0.6) olguda ekson 12 pozitif idi.

SONUÇ: Yüksek rakımda bulunan yerleşim yerlerinde, hemoglobin değerinin rakıma göre düzeltilerek ileri tetkike karar verilmesi, gereksiz tetkik yapılmasını engelleyip maliyeti azaltabilir.
1 In-sight
Authors: Eve Martin Paul , Smith Lindsay
Published: December 2020

Reflecting about 1.1. In-sight (2010).
6 Occupations
Authors: Sequeira Brás Patricia
Published: December 2020

Reflecting about 6.1. Occupations (2015).
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Outcomes of a Yoga-Based Meditation Intervention for Hospice Professionals to Combat Burnout
Authors: Heeter Carrie , Allbritton Marcel , Lehto Rebecca , Miller Patrick , McDaniel Patricia , Paletta Michael
Published: December 2020

Abstract: 1) Background. This research examined feasibility, acceptability and outcomes of delivering a 6-week yoga-based meditation intervention to clinical teams of hospice professionals (HPs) at a large non-profit hospice organization. The intervention was designed to increase mind-body integration and combat burnout. The manuscript was written for different audiences including research scientists who study interoception, burnout, meditation, or yoga, designers of meditation interventions, and hospice organizations looking for ways to mitigate HP burnout. 2) Methods. The intervention was launched within clinical teams, beginning with a half hour online introduction to the program and exposure to the week 1 meditation at each team’s monthly all-staff meeting. Throughout the program, HPs could access the meditations on their own via their workplace computers, tablets, and smartphones. Online pre- and post-intervention surveys with 151 HPs assessed burnout using the Professional Fulfillment Index and mind-body integration using the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness sub-scales. 3) Results. Half of HPs expressed a desire to continue to have access to the meditations after the 6-week program ended. Due to covid-19 work from home restrictions, three-fourth of HPs did a meditation at home, 29% in a car between patient visits (not while driving), and 23% at the office. Higher interoceptive awareness was significantly related to lower burnout, particularly lower work exhaustion. Meditation frequency was significantly related to higher interoceptive awareness but not to burnout. 4) Conclusions. Findings showed that yoga-based meditation intervention was feasible and acceptable and associated with higher interoceptive awareness. The results point to a role for interoceptive awareness in reducing the risk for burnout.
Italian Pediatricians are Largely Against Alternative Weaning of the Infant: A Survey
Authors: Panza Raffaella , Baldassarre Maria Elisabetta , Rizzo Valentina , Capozza Manuela , Laforgia Nicola
Published: December 2020

1) Background: Parents are increasingly fascinated by alternative weaning methods, such as ba-by-led or vegetarian weaning. However, international pediatric societies are still cautious to-wards alternative weaning methods, due to their significant risk of nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study is to describe the attitude of Italian pediatricians towards unconventional weaning, with particular regard to vegetarian and baby-led. (2) Methods: A 20-question ques-tionnaire was sent to Italian pediatricians, from January to December 2019; (3) Results: Responses were received from 73/1000 (7.3%) pediatricians. The vast majority of surveyed pediatricians (78.1%) is familiar with baby-led and vegetarian weaning, but only 24.7% is in favor of their practice. A significant number of pediatricians (63.0%) received request from parents for an al-ternative weaning regimen. (4) Conclusions: The survey revealed a significant gap between pedi-atricians’ attitude and parental demand concerning unconventional weaning. This could signifi-cantly impair the alliance between parents and pediatricians with the risk to expose infants and children to severe nutritional deficiencies due to self-management by parents with poor surveil-lance from health professionals.
The “Hub and Spoke” (Hands) Ecmo for “Resuscitating” Neonates With Respiratory Life Threatening Conditions
Authors: Padalino Massimo , Doglioni Nicoletta , Nardo Daniel , Baraldi Eugenio , Vida Vladimiro L. , Trevisanuto Daniele
Published: December 2020

The neonatal Hub and Spoke (HandS) ECMO approach provides emergent ECMO implantation to support neonates in severe cardio-respiratory life-threatening conditions at secondary (Spoke) centers, and a safe transfer to the ECMO center (Hub). We report a retrospective review of 11 neonates fom January 2014 to January 2020, presenting with life-threatening conditions and treated by HandS ECMO team in Spoke hospitals. Protocols and checklists were arranged by a local group of ECMO experts and shared with all the hospitals located in North-Eastern Italy. At the emergent call, all patients were cared for at the Spoke hospitals, receiving maximal respiratory and cardiovascular support (including high frequency oscillatory ventilation, inhaled nitric oxide, and major inotropic intravenous infusion). All but 3 patients were affected by life-threatening meconium aspiration syndrome. Median duration of ECMO support and hospitalization were 4 days (range 2-32) and 30 days ( range 8-50), respectively. All but 2 patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, were weaned off ECMO and discharged home without complications. At a median follow up of 14.4 months (1.3-74.8), all survivors were alive and in good clinical conditions, without medications, and normal somatic growth. All but one had normal neuropsychological development. We conclude that HandS ECMO model for treating neonates in life-threatening conditions is effective and successful. A specialized multidisciplinary team and common organizational protocols shared between Hub and Spoke centers are the key-points for success. While excellent results occur with MAS (100% survival), treatment was not successful in CDH, in which other that HandS ECMO issues are implied. Lessons learned from our experience are presented and discussed in this article.
Conceptual Framework for Quantum Affective Computing and Its Use in Fusion of Multi-Robot Emotions
Authors: Yan Fei , Iliyasu Abdullah , Hirota Kaoru
Published: December 2020

This study presents a modest attempt to interpret, formulate, and manipulate emotion of robots within the precepts of quantum mechanics. Our proposed framework encodes the emotion information as a superposition state whilst unitary operators are used to manipulate the transition of the emotion states which are recovered via appropriate quantum measurement operations. The framework described provides essential steps towards exploiting the potency of quantum mechanics in a quantum affective computing paradigm. Further, the emotions of multi-robots in a specified communication scenario are fused using quantum entanglement thereby reducing the number of qubits required to capture the emotion states of all the robots in the environment, and fewer quantum gates are needed to transform the emotion of all or part of the robots from one state to another. In addition to the mathematical rigours expected of the proposed framework, we present a few simulation-based demonstrations to illustrate its feasibility and effectiveness. This exposition is an important step in the transition of formulations of emotional intelligence to the quantum era.