bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Bond-To-Concrete Properties of GFRP Rebars in Marine Environments
Authors: Ruiz Emparanza Alvaro , De Caso Y Basalo Francisco , Kampmann Raphael , Adarraga Usabiaga Itziar
Published: August 2018

Increased traffic in combination with growing environmental impacts, have led to accelerated degradation of the built infrastructure. In reinforced concrete structures, the corrosion of steel reinforcement is the predominant cause of deterioration. Thus, over the last years the use of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites as internal reinforcement bars (rebars) for concrete structures was evaluated, and has been proved to be a viable alternative to traditional steel reinforcement mainly due to its tensile strength and non-corrosive nature. However, thus far, the GFRP rebar market is diverse and manufacturers around the world produce GFRP rebar types with different surface enhancement to improve the bond to concrete characteristics. In this study, the bond performance of three dissimilar GFRP rebar types (sand coated, helically grooved and with surface lugs) was evaluated over time in seawater environments, with a focus on the bond strength. Accordingly, specimens were expose to seawater in circulating chambers, at three different temperatures (23 °C, 40 °C and 60 °C) for multiple time periods (60 and 120 days). To evaluate the bond performance, pullout tests were conducted according to ASTM D7913 [1]. The results showed that the bond strength varies with surface enhancement features. However, the bond strength didn’t vary significantly with exposure time and temperature for all three evaluated rebar types.
Practice-Oriented Buildability Criteria for Developing 3D-Printable Concretes in the Context of Digital Construction
Authors: Nerella Venkatesh Naidu , Krause Martin , Mechtcherine Viktor
Published: August 2018

Buildability, i.e. the ability of a deposited material bulk to retain its dimmensions under increasing load, is an inherent prerequisite for formwork-free digital construction (DC). Since DC processes are relatively new, no standard methods of characterization are available yet. The paper at hand presents practice-oriented buildabilty criteria by taking various process parameters and construction costs into consideration. In doing so, direct links between laboratory buildability tests and target applications are established. A systematic basis for calculating the time interval (TI) to be followed during laboratory testing is proposed for the full-width printing (FWP) and filament printing (FP) processes. The proposed approach is validated by applying it to a high-strength, printable, fine-grained concrete. Comparative analyses of FWP and FP revealed that to test the buildability of a material for FP processes, higher velocities of the printhead should be established for laboratory tests in comparison to those needed for FWP process, providing for equal construction rates.
Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa:  Recommendations for Preventive Chemotherapy
Authors: Mintsa-Nguema Rodrigue , Mavoungou Jacques F. , Mengue-Ngou-Minlama Krystina , Mabicka-Mamfoumbi Modeste , Koumba Aubin A. , Sani-Lamine Mariama , Diarra Abdoulaye , Nkone-Asseko Ghislaine , Mourou Jean R. , Bouyou-Akotet Marielle K. , Moné Hélène , Mouahid Gabriel , Atsame Julienne
Published: August 2018

In order to follow the Preventive Chemotherapy for the transmission control as recommended by WHO, Gabon initiated in 2014 the mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH). Here we report the results of the Northern and Eastern health regions, representing a third of the land area and 12% of its total population. All the 9 departments of the two regions were surveyed and from each, 5 schools were examined with 50 schoolchildren per school. The parasitological examinations were realized using the filtration method for urine and the Kato-Katz technique for stool samples. Overall 2245 schoolchildren (1116 girls and 1129 boys), mean aged 11.28 ± 0.04 years, were examined. Combined schistosomiasis and STH affected 1270 (56.6%) with variation between regions, departments and schools. For schistosomiasis, prevalence were 1.7% across the two regions, with no significant difference (p>0.05) between the Northern (1.5%) and the Eastern (1.9%). Schistosomiasis is mainly caused by Schistosoma haematobium with a prevalence of 1.5%, 1.9% and 1.7%, respectively in the North, East and globally. STH are more common than schistosomiasis, with an overall prevalence of 56.1% significantly different between the Northern (58.1%) and Eastern (53.6%) regions (p = 0.034). Trichuris trichiura is the most abundant infection with a prevalence of 43.7% followed by Ascaris lumbricoides 35.6% and hookworms 1.4%. According to these results, an appropriate mass drug administration strategy is given for the control of each neglected tropical disease group surveyed.
Bio-Delipidation of Dissolved Air Flotation Pre-Treated Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater
Authors: Mbulawa Siyasanga , Ntwampe Seteno Karabo Obed , Basitere Moses , Mpentshu Yolanda , Dlangamandla Cynthia , Chidi Boredi Silas
Published: August 2018

Delipidation is a method of defatting that is generally associated with the removal of residual lipids or lipid groups from matrices in which they are present in minute quantities. The bio-delipidation of protein-rich poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) pre-treated with a dissolved air flotation (DAF) system was developed using microbial lipases from bacterial strains isolated from the PSW. The efficacy of the bio-delipidation system was quantitatively characterised by comparing the quality parameters i.e., fats, oil and grease (FOGs), turbidity, total suspended solutes (TSS), total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD) and protein concentration of the DAF pre-treated PSW and bio-lipidized samples. As hypothesised, the bio-delipidation system was able to effectively reduce the levels of these quality parameters when crude lipases of Bacillus cereus AB1 (BF3) and Bacillus cereus CC-1 (B30) strains were used. Strain-dependent quality characteristics were also observed in bio-delipidized samples. The study successfully managed to complement physical reduction techniques (DAF) with biological strategies (bio-delipidation) for improved PSW quality, with potential industrial applications.
Ulama's Profile and Hierarchy
Authors: Putra Rahmad Salahuddin Tri
Published: August 2018

The role of Moslem theologians throughout Islamic history had occupied a strategic position – narration Nikkie R Kiddie was termed powerful – and had a great influence in shaping the Islamic society. The religious capacity of Moslem theologians was also recognized officially recognized by the authorities as the mosque trustees, Master/ Mudarris, Mufti and Judge, besides having the privileges from the authorities to teach at mosques, primary schools, and having responsibility towards the quality of education in the community. The Moslem theologians authority was not only in matters of law and education, but also contemporary issues whose capabilities were not specialized and undifferentiated. Keddie divided two groups of Moslem theologians namely; Sunni (orthodox) from religious scholars and legal experts (jurists); andShi’ah authority (sectarian moslem theologians) from a cousin of the prophet Muhammad and his sons - Ali and his descendants considered as the rightful leader, to the Muslim community
The Concept of Holistic Education and Its Implementation in the Indonesian Education System
Authors: Husnah Asmaul
Published: August 2018

This research has several objectives, the first is to know the meaning of holistic education according to Muchlas Samani. And the second is to know the implementation of holistic education on education system in Indonesia according to Muchlas Samani. This research is a historical research with a kind of biography. Data analysis used by researcher in this research is (1) review all data obtained from research about concept and practice of holistic education according to Muchlas Samani's thought, (2) to further reduce the data, (4) hereinafter the data collected and arranged according to the required category, (5) at the last stage, the researcher does the meaning of the research result obtained with the sentence which is easy to understand and still has relevance to the title, the purpose and the formulation of the existing problem. The results obtained from this research is holistic education according Muchlas Samani is a concept of education intact, not partial. What makes the Islamic values as the spirit and the subjects as a container. And has a goal to develop the potency possessed by learners in facing the futurenya. For implementation of holistic education in the education system in Indonesia according to Muchlas Samani is still lacking. This is because in the education system in Indonesia is still using the general curriculum.
Kombinasi Expected Return dan Risiko Melalui Diversifikasi Saham LQ 45 Dalam Rangka Pemilihan Investasi Saham Di bursa Efek Indonesia Melalui Pembentukan Portofolio Optimal
Authors: Hariyanto Wiwit
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this research is to determine the combination of expected return and LQ-45 stock risk in order to select investment in Indonesian Stock Exchange through the establishment of an optimum portfolio. The population of this study are pharmaceutical companies listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange year 2008-2013. This research applied quantitative approach, with purposive sampling. The population consists of 14 LQ-45 stocks from February 2012-January 2015 period. The analytical technique used are (1) calculation of return of expectation and risk of stock, (2) calculation of stock selection entered in optimum portfolio, 3) calculation of optimum portfolio formation. The result of this research shows that the optimum portfolio formation in LQ-45 shares will determine portfolio exposure of 0.1835 and portfolio risk of 0.0104, which was obtained from Kalbe farma and Gajah Tunggal shares.
Pengaruh Inflasi Dan Suku Bunga Terhadap Return Saham Dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Intervening Di Perbankan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2013-2015
Authors: Wiratno Adi , Kurniasari Wulan , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: August 2018

This study aims to prove empirically that inflation and interest rates have a direct infuence on stock returns with ROA as intervening variables on Bankings listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. The purposive sampling method used has certain criteria on samplings which published financial statements in 2013-2015 with documents in the average of a quartal of 10 banking industries based on Bank 3 book. This research shows the direct and indirect effect of using multiple linear regression to prove contribution of independent variable to dependent partially and simultaneously to stock return and using path analysis as the best intervening effect. Partial test result (t test) inflation and interest rate have direct influence to stock return with result of data of t-calculate> t-table is -4.000> 1.658 and -3.734> 1.658. ROA does not have a direct influence on stock return partial test results (Test t) t-count <t-table is 1.531 <1.658. Inflation has an indirect effect on stock return through ROA the result of 0.012 and the interest rate has indirect effect on stock return through ROA results 0.011. So, this research results can be used as information for investors and stakeholders in determining a good investment in Banking
Corporate Social Responsibility: Aktualisasi Dan Implementasi Ajaran Tauhid Dalam Menghadapi Era Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS)
Authors: Fitriyah Hadiah
Published: August 2018

This research aims to determine the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Islam and how its implementation in small and medium enterprises in Sidoarjo in the era of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The objects of this research are small and medium nterprises, because small-, medium- and large-scale industries must recognize the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility. The implementation of cororate social responsibility is expected to increase value, which is not only profitable, but also society’s sustainability and welfare, parallel with the teachings of Islam, especially in the era of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The research is a qualitative one. The results of this study indicates that small and medium enterpreneurs can implement Corporate Social Responsibility on the basis of the teachings of Tauhid in accordance with the guidance of Al-quran and Hadist even on a small scale for the sustainability and welfare of people autonomously. in the era of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Analisis Sistem Pengupahan “Bawon” pada Pertanian Padi (Studi Kasus pada Petani di Desa Gambar Kecamatan Wonodadi Kabupaten Blitar)
Authors: Wahyuni Dwi
Published: August 2018

As an agricultural country, agricultural sector plays an important role in the Indonesia economic life, especially in rural areas. Farm laborers as one component of the agricultural sector, have a considerable contribution in determining the success of this sector. But there are unique facts occur in Blitar Regency, one of which happened in Gambar, Wonodadi District, Blitar Regency related to wage system called "bawon" system when harvesting rice. The "bawon" system is a profit-sharing system given to farm laborers working on a patch of land from the start of the rice planting to the harvest, whose share of income depends on the area of cultivated land and the number of harvest yields. The purpose of this research is to analyze the Bawon system that is still done between the landowners and farm workers in the Village Picture District Wonodadi Blitar. This research used descriptive explorative statistical approach to provide an in-depth description of the Bawon system. To analyze the data obtained, the researchers used Component Analysis (Componential Analysis) technique, in which the researcher attempted to sort and illustrate the differences found in the data obtained from the field. The results showed that farm laborers earn 20% of the total grain yield when finished harvesting the crops, while 80% is the land owner's.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional dan Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) terhadap Kinerja Peternak Ayam Ras Pedaging
Authors: Ariesta Iche
Published: August 2018

One line of business in the livestock sector is very dynamic development of agribusiness broiler breeding with a partnership plasma core. Development of agribusiness broiler farm will be successful if farmers are able to manage the cattle business well through improved individual performance to the fullest which is characterized by an individual’s ability to control and manage emotions and behave voluntarily without any coercion by contract organizations. This study aims to determine how much influence the emotional intelligence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) on the performance of broiler breeders. This study uses a quantitative approach with a correlation method. The selected study site is CV Amerta Farm Corp Probolinggo, because it is one of agribusiness broiler farms that implement core-plasma partnership pattern. The number of respondents in this study amounted to 69 people. Independent variables in this study are emotional intelligence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), while the dependent variable is the performance of broiler breeders. Data analysis techniques used in this study is a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Square (PLS) technique assisted with SmartPLS 2.0 application program.
Dampak Sosial Ekonomi Relokasi Pedagang Kaki Lima di Kecamatan Buduran Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Prasetya Mochammad Aringga , Fauziah Luluk
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this study was to describe the process of relocating street vendors, socio-economic impacts of the relocation of street vendors, enabling and inhibiting factors in the relocation of street vendors Buduran Sidoarjo District flyover. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The key informants in this study is a cooperative trade field staff, SMEs, Trade and Industry Sidoarjo. With the technique of collecting data through interviews, observation and documentation and then analyzed through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The results showed that the process of relocating street vendors are not in accordance with the stages of the relocation as stipulated in the Regulation of Home Affairs Number 41 Year 2012 which begins from the stage of data collection by the two surveys and registration of street vendors, determining the location of street vendors, transfer and removal of the location of street vendors, for the rejuvenation of the location of street vendors. Relocation was finally done by the Department of Hygiene and Sidoarjo Regency which take discretionary acts such policies. The social impact of the relocation of street vendors in the area overpass Buduran district, in terms of comfort PKL more comfortable. But in terms of security is still not fully awake. PKL majority income declined due to the lack of empowerment of government. The government also has obstacles in the relocation of street vendors because of the limited land available as well as street vendors mindset still comfortable selling on the shoulder of the road because there is no money to rent a place.
Kebijakan Pengembangan Profesionalisme Berkelanjutan Guru PNS
Authors: Riyadin Slamet
Published: August 2018

Teacher was one of humankind as an engine in the educational process. In the process of education in schools, teachers were holding double duty as a teacher and educator. As a teacher in charge of giving some learning materials professionally, while as an educator in charge of giving guide and nurture their students to become skilled human, active, creative and independent. Therefore, policy of development for the teacher was needed. It aimed to develop and enhance the competence and capacity of teachers in accordance with their expertise. It was done through education and training in the form of in-house training, internship program, partnership schools, distance learning, specialized training, short courses, internal coaching by the school, as well as continuing education. In addition, there were education discussion, seminars, workshops, research, writing books / materials, manufacture instructional media, and making technology/artwork. Policy of development professionalism teacher accordance in Government Regulation Number 74 of 2008 on Teachers, Regulation of the Minister of Administrative Reform and Bureaucratic Reform Number 16 of 2009 on Functional Position Teacher and credit figures. However, there are weaknesses in this policies that sanction teachers who did not implemented explicitly and in writing.
ANALISIS POLA PEMBERDAYAAN PETERNAK MISKIN DI KAMPOENG TERNAK NUSANTARA DOMPET DHUAFA
Authors: Bahri Efri Syamsul , Sholihat Sholihat
Published: August 2018

The activity of livestock village Nusantara “Kampung Ternak Nusantara” is focused on the empowerment to the poor cattleman by utilizing zakat funds. This research is aimed to determine the empowerment pattern of the poor cattlemanas well as the supporting and obstacle factors. It is a descriptive qualitative research. The data are collected by doing interviews, observations and documentations. The results show that the pattern empowerment to the poor cattleman, are dividedinto 3 stages. They are 1) the empoweringgoal setting,2) the process implementation of the empowerment 3) the resultsimplementation of empowerment. The empowerment supporting factors include; society environment, hard work and the cattleman effort. While, the obstacle factors include: the difficultyfeedingto the livestock whenthe dry season, knowledge and the skill of the cattleman who have not been optimized yet
INOVASI MODEL BISNIS BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA
Authors: Maika M. Ruslianor
Published: August 2018

Business model innovators (BMI) earned an average premium that was more than four times greater than that enjoyed by product or process innovators. Furthermore, BMI delivered returns that were more sustainable; even after ten years, business model innovators continued to outperform competitors and product and process innovators (BCG, 2009). Innovation is done using a device management such as: Business Model Canvas (BMC) and the design thinking approach (DTA). BMC used to mapping the Bank Muamalat through the 9 building blocks for later in-design a new business model to conduct the interview process to collect ideas and find an innovative solution.
Optimalisasi Pembangunan Sektor Pertanian Indonesia dengan Menggunakan Sharia Agraria Manajement Organization (SAMO)
Authors: Sakinah Nina , Purwanti Eka , Jamilah Siti
Published: August 2018

Indonesia is an agrarian country. Many Indonesians work as farmers. The agricultural sector has a great function in maintaining national food security, especially in maintaining the welfare of farmers. Interim data in 2013 show that the agricultural sector is in second position in contributing to GDP. With the existing data then the farmers should be able to live prosperous. But in reality farmers in Indonesia have problems that cause their quality of life is still far from the word worthy, such as low income and productivity, difficulties in credit applications, low education and irrigation systems that have not been optimal. Judging from the existing problems it is necessary to establish a management system that can overcome them. The purpose of this research is to optimize the potential of agricultural sector in Indonesia by using Sharia Agraria Management Organization (SAMO) by synergizing Baitul Mal Wa Tamwil (BMT) with Local Government and Central Government. This research was conducted by Meta Analysis method, based on observation and literature study, the authors conclude that with the existence of SAMO, farmers can improve their standard of living, increased productivity, and easy in the application of farming credit. It is expected that with this system can maintain the quality of the community environment and achieve the implementation of sustainable development.
Pendekatan Komprehensif E-Commerce Prespektif Syariah
Authors: Nizar Muhammad
Published: August 2018

There is concern for customers who use e-commerce services especially Islamic communities in Indonesia, both from the perspective of security and shariah perspective. There are two problems arising from this online transaction, the first is the medium of internet network transactions, and the second medium of payment by credit card. This research will discuss and highlight some of the challenges related to the sustainability of services run by the government.
Pengaruh Akuntabilitas Publik dan Transparansi Laporan Keuangan Terhadap Kepercayaan Donatur pada Yayasan PPPA Daarul Qur’an Nusantara
Authors: Athifah Athifah , Bayinah Ai Nur , Bahri Efri Syamsul
Published: August 2018

Non-profit organizations as the institute for public sector own functions and usefulness of providing facilities to the public by using wealth awarded by benefactors or society. But these functions cannot take place in good if rules out the importance of public management system. Among them is application of public accountability and transparency, especially for financial statements. Transparency indicates accountability form addressed to the foundation’s donors. Donors can be relied upon that trust and activities in organization can run continuously. These characteristics make the non-profit organization can not release itself from interests community area. This study will test related to the influence of public accountability and transparency from financial statements toward donors in PPPA Daarul Qur’an Nusantara Foundation. This test is quantitative research with multiple regression statistical analysis. The statistical result shows that at the same time (simultaneously), public accountability and transparency financial statements have a positive effect towarddonors trust. However, in partial or separate variable, public accountability does not have an influence toward trust of Donors. While the transparency of financial statement has influenced significantly.
Identifikasi Risiko Supply Chain dengan Mempertimbangkan Kepentingan Stakeholder pada Industri Gula
Authors: Rizqiah Emielda , Karningsih Putu Dana
Published: August 2018

Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan gula nasional saat ini antara lain adalah permasalahan on-farm, off-farm yang membutuhkan kesadaran masing-masing stakeholder industri gula. Stakeholder utama dalam industri gula adalah petani tebu dan pabrik gula yang dalam penelitian ini adalah PG. Djatiroto. Semakin banyak stakeholder, maka proses bisnis di dalamnya akan semakin kompleks. Oleh karenanya, dibutuhkan pengelolaan risiko supply chain untuk koordinasi dan mengelola aktivitas dari masing-masing aktivitas bisnis supaya tujuan utama berupa peningkatan produktivitas gula bisa tercapai. Langkah awal yang harus dilakukan adalah identifikasi risiko. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode Delphi karena metode Delphi menyediakan alternatif yang lebih handal dan efisien untuk memecahkan masalah dengan ketidakpastian yang tinggi dan menguatkan cara brainstorming dan wawancara expert Delphi. Responden dalam metode Delphi terdiri dari 2 stakeholder utama dalam supply chain industri gula, yaitu PG. Djatiroto dan petani tebu.
Perencanaan Arsitektur Enterprise Dengan Kerangka Kerja TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework)
Authors: Sofyana Latjuba
Published: August 2018

PT Puma Logistic Indonesia is a company which dwelled in freight forwarder services. Services provided include export, import, domestic transportation, and warehousing. In carrying out its business activities, the company still use manual processes, such as using Microsoft office applications for bookkeeping and archiving. Manual data management will present a lot of risks, including simple errors in recording or data input. Not to mention the time that it takes relatively longer to access and to process information, and the shortade will affect the late information provided to the Head of Branch as well as the Director. Therefore, PT Puma Logistics Indonesia requires need information technology and system that could support and manage the company’s business process well. Based on above problems, PT Puma Logistic Indonesia need enterprise architecture planning which is ideal for their company vision and mission and also the company’s future development. Enterprise architecture planning in this research use TOGAF ADM framework which focused on architecture planning which produce steps of business architecture, information and technology development.

The results of this study indicate that the enterprise architecture planning using TOGAF ADM can produce models of enterprise architecture (blueprint). The blueprint can be used as a guide in the procurement and development of IS / IT at PT. Puma Logistics Indonesia, including 13 business functions that have been adapted to business functions that will come in the business process architecture, 27 new entities in the data architecture, 4 application modules in architectural applications and the technology architecture in the form of the provision and upgrading hardware and software in PT. Puma Logistics Indonesia
Upaya Peningkatan Produktivitas Dengan Meminimasi Waste Menggunakan From To Chart (FTC)
Authors: Islaha Achmad Fadli , Cahyana Atikha Sidhi
Published: August 2018

Sebagai salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pengolahan hasil laut, PT.XYZ merupakan sebuah pabrik pembuat tepung rumput laut, yang dalam perkembangannya terus melakukan perbaikan secara terus menerus demi tercapainya hasil produksi tepung rumput laut yang berkualitas. Akan tetapi dalam segi produktivitas perusahaan beberapa kendala dari beberapa faktor,terutama dari segi efektifitas dan terdapat banyaknya waste.Dengan dilakukannya penelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui area-area yang teridentifikasi sebagai waste dan juga meningkatkan produktivitas mesin-mesin produksi dengan cara layout letak mesin-mesin. Sehingga di harapakan dengan penelitian ini perusahaan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas produksi.Metode yang bisa digunakan untuk menganalisa permasalahan dalam proses peningkatan produktifitas dan meminimasi waste adalah Metode From to Chart (FTC). Dimana metode ini melakukan perbaikan melalu layout ruang produksi sehingga proses produksi berjalan lebih cepat.
Desain Sistem Kerja Mesin Pemipih Jagung yang Ergonomi untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas
Authors: Tangahu Marwan , Purnomo Hari , Mansur Agus
Published: August 2018

Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Tri Manunggal merupakan kelompok usaha pengolahan bahan pangan yang terletak di desa Sendangsari, Pajangan, Bantul, Yogyakarta yang memproduksi beberapa produk, salah satunya emping jagung. Emping jagung atau marning gepeng adalah emping yang terbuat dari biji jagung yang direbus, dikukus, dipipihkan serta dikeringkan. Proses pemipihan jagung dilakukan dengan menggunakan mesin pemipih dengan kapasitas 50 kg dan tenaga manusia sebagai operator dalam mengendalikan mesin tersebut secara aktif atau peran operator dimulai dari memasukkan wadah, mengambil jagung yang kemudian dituangkan ke dalam mesin pemipih, mengeluarkan wadah yang berisi emping atau jagung yang sudah dipipihkan, meratakan emping serta menjemur merupakan aktfitas yang tidak boleh dilewatkan oleh operator. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi adalah kondisi mesin pemipih yang tidak sesuai dengan kondisi tubuh pengelola membuat pengelola sering mengalami nyeri pada punggung dan pinggang, proses meratakan emping dapat mencederai pekerja karena pada proses meratakan, emping masih dalam kondisi panas serta pada proses pengeringan membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama yaitu ±11 jam. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendesain mesin pemipih jagung yang ergonomis serta meningkatkan produktivitas mesin dengan menggunakan Macro Ergonomic Analisys and Design (MEAD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya mesin baru tingkat kelelahan operator berkurang 47.77 % dengan peningkatan produktivitas 16.07 % serta dapat meminimalisasi waktu sebanyak 57.30 %.
Normal Gelişim Gösteren Öğrenciler İle Kaynaştırma Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Bilgiler Kavramına İlişkin Metafor Algıları
Authors: BÜYÜKALAN Sevil , YAYLACI Zeynep
Published: August 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı normal gelişim gösteren öğrenciler ile kaynaştırma öğrencilerinin sosyal bilgiler kavramına
ilişkin metafor algılarını ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma modellerinden olgubilim deseni
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2016-2017 eğitim-öğretim yılı içerisinde Karabük ilinde yer alan
devlet okullarına devam eden 30’u kaynaştırma eğitimi alan 72 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri
"Sosyal bilgiler ......... gibidir; çünkü..................." cümlesinin yer aldığı açık uçlu görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır.
Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre
normal gelişim gösteren öğrencilerin 9 kategoride 33 metafor; kaynaştırma eğitimi alan öğrencilerin 11 kategoride
25 metafor ürettiği görülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin sosyal bilgiler kavramını ağırlıklı olarak “tarih”
ve “geçmiş” kavramlarıyla ilişkilendirdikleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Kaynaştırma eğitimi alan öğrencilerin normal
gelişim gösteren öğrencilere nazaran daha somut metaforlarla sosyal bilgiler kavramını açıkladıkları araştırmada
elde edilen diğer bir sonuçtur. Ayrıca diğer öğrencilerden farklı olarak kaynaştırma öğrencilerinin ürettikleri
metaforlarla sosyal bilgilerin gerekli olduğunu, kendilerini sosyalleştirerek görgü ve davranış kurallarını
öğrettiğini vurgulamaları araştırmanın dikkate değer başka bir sonucudur.
Chinese Herbal Formulas and Renal Fibrosis: An Overview
Authors: Shen Yu-Li , Wang Su-Juan , Rahman Khalid , Zhang Li-Jun , Zhang Hong
Published: August 2018

All forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD) eventually lead to renal fibrosis irrespective of its origin. It
is generally characterized by an excessive accumulation and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and to date,
no ideal treatment has been established. Bian-Zheng-Lun-Zhi (syndrome differentiation and treatment), a classic
feature of traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is a unique method used to diagnose and treat the pathology of a
disease. Zheng (syndrome) is used to demonstrate the nature of a disease completely in an extensive and specific
manner. Chinese herbal formulas are determined according to TCM theory and this review highlights these formulas
and suggests a possible mechanism for their use in the treatment of renal fibrosis.
Effects of Bioactive Peptide on Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Focus on Signal Transduction and Intestinal Microbiota
Authors: Ma Yong , Yan Wenxin , Ding Sujuan , Fei Yanquan , Liu Gang , Fang Jun
Published: August 2018

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are now widely receiving attention. There are many reasons why
people get IBD; for example, environment, smoking, family heredity, intestinal microbiota and so on. Antibiotics
have not been proven effective and those suffering from IBD have begun to look for other effective drugs to treat
the chronic disease. Bioactive peptides are a good candidate among alternative drugs tested so far, and have been
seen to control bodily growth, development, immune regulation and metabolism. This paper will review the literature
describing the effects of bioactive peptides on intestinal inflammation. Studies conducted using in vivo
models and clinical trials provide evidence that bioactive peptides can be effective in mitigating intestinal inflammation.
Chemical Compounds Produced by Bacillus sp. Factories and Their Role in Nature
Authors: Ortiz Aurelio , Sansinenea Estibaliz
Published: August 2018

Microorganisms are able to produce hundreds of unique chemical structures that can be effectively used by the human beings on their own benefit using the products in the chemical industry. Bacteria belonging to Bacillus genera are very good chemical factories capable to synthesize different compounds with a wide variety of activities. In this review, we try to review the compounds with their respective biological activities produced by different species of Bacillus.
Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy and Distal Symmetric Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy: These Two Diabetic Microvascular Complications do not Invariably Co-Exist
Authors: Pafili Kalliopi , Trypsianis Grigoris , Papazoglou Dimitrios , Maltezos Efstratios , Papanas Nikolaos
Published: August 2018

Background:

Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and distal symmetrical sensorimotor
polyneuropathy (DSPN) are serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM).
Their simultaneous development remains disputable. The aim of the present study was to examine the
correlation between CAN and the presence/severity of DSPN in DM.

Methods:

Subjects with type 1 (group A: n=51; mean age 40.4 years) and type 2 DM (group B: n=153;
mean age 64.6 years) were studied. Evaluation of DSPN was based on neuropathy disability score. Assessment
of CAN was based on the battery of 4 standardized cardiovascular autonomic function tests.

Results:

In group A, patients with moderate/severe DSPN exhibited a 12-fold higher likelihood of CAN
in univariate analysis (p=0.035). However, significance was lost after adjustment for gender, age, DM
duration, and haemoglobin A1c. In group A, likelihood for CAN did not correlate with the presence of
mild DSPN in univariate and multivariate analysis. In group B, likelihood of CAN was similar in patients
with mild and in those with moderate/severe DSPN compared with patients without DSPN in
univariate and multivariate analysis. In between group comparison CAN was similarly distributed in the
2 groups (p for interaction=0.367), in patients with no, mild and moderate/severe DSPN.

Conclusion:

CAN does not always co-exist with degrees of DSPN, ranging from mild to moderate/
severe and is similarly distributed in T1DM and T2DM patients with mild and moderate/severe
DSPN and in patients without DSPN.
Emerging Role of Green Oxidant I2/DMSO in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Reddy Pedavenkatagari Narayana , Reddy Basireddy V. Subba , Padmaja Pannala
Published: August 2018

Background: I2/DMSO oxidative system catalyzed reactions have received considerable attention
because they represent the advantages of being greener, efficient, atom-economical, low-cost, with mild conditions
and ecofriendliness that meet with the requirements of sustainable chemistry. In recent times, the
I2/DMSO oxidative system has been successfully applied in different types of organic reactions.

Objective: The aim of this review is to highlight the synergistic effect of the combined use of iodine and
DMSO in organic synthesis.

Conclusion: It is clear from the review of the topic that a vast amount of work has been done in this area, employing
an I2/DMSO system for diverse types of oxidative transformations as well as C-C and C-X bond formation
reactions. In these reactions, iodine acts as a mild Lewis acid catalyst and DMSO servers as an oxidant,
solvent and oxygen source. The role of iodine, DMSO as well as key intermediates involved in these reactions
is discussed.
Concurrent And Longitudinal Association Between Glycemic Control And Self Reported Medication Adherence Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Malaysia
Authors: Butt Mubashra , Ali Adliah Mhd , Bakry Mohd Makmor
Published: August 2018

Background:

This study evaluated the association between self-reported adherence with
concurrent and subsequent glycemic control amongst type 2 diabetes patients at a tertiary care hospital
in Malaysia.

Methods:

Demographic and clinical variables were assessed at baseline, after three and six months in
73 type 2 diabetes patients. Regression analysis, using SPSS, evaluated the concurrent and longitudinal
association of medication adherence and glycemic control. Potential confounders of variables were
identified using bi-variate correlation analyses.

Results:

Concurrent Medication adherence and HbA1c association were significant after adjusting for
ethnicity (P = 0.005). For longitudinal observation at 3 months, the association was significant after
adjusting for ethnicity (P = 0.016); however, it became non-significant when baseline glycemic control
was included in the model (P = 0.28).

Conclusion:

Easy to administer MALMAS significantly predicted concurrent glycemic control independent
of potential confounders. This association persisted in longitudinal observation after 3 months
when adjusted for confounders and became non-significant after adjusting for baseline glycemic control.
Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anticancer Activities of L-Phenylalanine and L-Tyrosine Ester Surfactants: In Vitro and In Silico Studies of their Interactions with Macromolecules as Plausible Mode of Action for their Biological Properties
Authors: Joondan Nausheen , Laulloo Sabina J. , Caumul Prakashanand , Kharkar Prashant S.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Aromatic amino acid-based surfactants have been found to have interesting biological properties such as antibacterial and hemolytic activities. Recently, we have reported the antibacterial activity of a range of ester hydrochloride surfactants derived from L-Phenylalanine and LTyrosine. This study aims at assessing the antioxidant, α-glycosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities of a series of L-Phenylalanine and L-Tyrosine ester hydrochlorides. Molecular docking and BSA binding studies were also carried out in order to investigate their potential therapeutic targets.

Methods:

L-Phenylalanine and L-Tyrosine surfactants were tested as potential lipophilic antioxidants using the DPPH and ABTS assays. These surfactants were also tested for their α-glycosidase inhibitory activity using 4-nitrophenyl α -D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) as substrate. Their cytotoxicity effects were screened using HeLa and KB cell lines. Glide version 5.7 as implemented in Schrödinger suite 2013-1, was used for performing docking studies of L-Phenylalanine and L-Tyrosine dodecyl esters. The interaction of the ester hydrochlorides of L-Phenylalanine and L-Tyrosine with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using fluorometric titration.

Results:

The presence of the phenolic moiety in L-Tyrosine-based surfactants was found to enhance the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities compared to the L-Phenylalanine derivatives. The α- glucosidase and anticancer activities of the phenylalanine surfactants were found to increase with chain length up to C12 above which the activities exhibited a downward trend. In the case of the tyrosine series, an increase in chain length from C8 to C14 was found to decrease the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and increase the anticancer activity of the surfactants. Binding studies with bovine serum albumin showed that the tyrosine surfactants displayed greater affinity for the serum albumin, owing to the presence of the phenolic group which altered the orientation of the surfactant molecule within the hydrophobic core of BSA.

Conclusion:

L-Tyrosine esters having a phenolic moiety were found to possess enhanced biological activity in terms of both the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities as well as also bind more strongly to Bovine serum albumin. Molecular docking studies of the phenylalanine and tyrosine surfactants of similar chain length with target proteins showed direct correlation with their anticancer and antidiabetic activity. Therefore, the findings show that these aromatic based surfactants derived from L-Tyrosine can act as promising antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer agents, and they can also be efficiently transported and eliminated in the body, making them useful candidates for drug designs.
Taxane Induced Cystoid Macular Edema: Case Report and Integrated Pathogenic Theory
Authors: Kanakis M. , Georgalas I. , Makatsoris T. , Pharmakakis N.
Published: August 2018

Purpose:

To report a case of a 73-year-old man who presented with decreased visual acuity due to bilateral macular edema after paclitaxel administration for prostate cancer.

Methods:

The ophthalmic evaluation consisted of medical and ocular history, Best Corrected Visual Acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy and Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography / Fluorescein Angiography.

Results:

Optical Coherence Tomography and Fluorescein Angiography revealed silent cystoid macular
edema. After consulting with the oncologist, the cessation of paclitaxel therapy was decided. The
patient presented a gradual but steady resumption of the retinal edema, with complete restoration of
normal retinal morphology and function within two months. The pathogenesis of the silent Cystoid
Macular Edema (CME) is still unclear. Based on our case and a critical review of the previous
observations and published data, we propose that the underlying cause of Taxane induced CME is the
functional failure of Aquaporin mediated water transport at the level of retinal Intermediate and Deep
capillary plexuses, and at lesser extent at the level of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium.

Conclusion:

Taxane induced silent CME should be attributed to the action of Taxanes on the
microtubule guided aquaporin vesicles transport to the cell membrane. In our case of Taxane induced
silent CME, withdrawal of the taxane was enough for complete recovery, and no additional treatment
was needed.
The Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Cisplatin Resistance
Authors: Krawczyk Zdzisław , Gogler-Pigłowska Agnieszka , Sojka Damian R. , Scieglinska Dorota
Published: August 2018

Background:

Cisplatin (CDDP), a small molecule platinum-based compound, is an effective anticancer
drug used against a wide range of human neoplasms. Long-term clinical use of CDDP is however limited
due to the development of drug resistance and the possible incidence of serious side effects including nephrotoxicity
and ototoxicity. The mechanisms underlying resistance of cells to CDDP are complex, and among them, the
cytoprotective involvement of proteins referred to as Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) seems potentially important.

Methods:

We searched various electronic databases including PubMed and selected the reports concerning the
contribution of HSPs to CDDP resistance of cancer cells and to minimize the CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity and
ototoxicity.

Results:

This critical review of data collected so far summarizes the results on the major HSPs: HSP27/HSPB1,
HSP70/HSPA1, HSP90/HSPC and GRP78/HSPA5, because only these have been the subject of the most intense
research in the matter discussed here. We also provide relevant information concerning some other HSPs,
namely HSPA9/mortalin, HSPA2, HSP110 and DNAJ. A possible role of HSPs in counteracting CDDP-induced
neprho- and ototoxicity is mentioned.

Conclusions:

This review shows that no universal relationship between the levels of expression of HSPs and
sensitivity of cancer cells to CDDP can be confirmed. Multiple observations indicate however that such correlation
can rather manifest as a molecular or cellular context-dependent phenomenon. Thus, HSPs can be viewed as
an important component of the multifactorial, complex response of cancer cells to CDDP. However, to
strengthen such a conviction, more extensive studies are needed.
A Multi-targeted Natural Flavonoid Myricetin Suppresses Lamellipodia and Focal Adhesions Formation and Impedes Glioblastoma Cell Invasiveness and Abnormal Motility
Authors: Zhao Hua-Fu , Wang Gang , Wu Chang-Peng , Zhou Xiu-Ming , Wang Jing , Chen Zhong-Ping , To Shing-Shun Tony , Li Wei-Ping
Published: August 2018

Background:

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and malignant primary
brain tumor characterized by rapid growth and extensive infiltration to neighboring normal brain
parenchyma, which contribute to tumor recurrence and poor prognosis. Myricetin is a natural flavonoid
with potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities, which may serve as a potential
and harmless agent for GBM treatment.

Methods:

To investigate the anti-glioblastoma effects of myricetin, GBM cells were treated with
myricetin alone or in combination with temozolomide. Its effects on GBM cell motility and cytoskeletal
structures including lamellipodia, focal adhesions and membrane ruffles were also evaluated.

Results:

We showed that myricetin alone inhibited glioblastoma U-87 MG cell proliferation, migration
and invasion, whereas combination of myricetin and temozolomide did not exhibit any synergistic effect.
The inhibitory effect on GBM cell proliferation is independent of PTEN status. Moreover,
myricetin showed less cytotoxicity to normal astrocytes than GBM cells. Formation of lamellipodia,
focal adhesions, membrane ruffles and vasculogenic mimicry were blocked by myricetin, and phosphorylation
of ROCK2, paxillin and cortactin was suppressed. In addition, myricetin could inhibit
PI3K/Akt and JNK signaling, and bind to a series of kinases and scaffold proteins including PI3K
catalytic isoforms (p110α, p110β and p110δ), PDK1, JNK, c-Jun, ROCK2, paxillin, vinculin and VEcadherin.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, myricetin is a multi-targeted drug that has potent anti-migratory and antiinvasive
effects on GBM cells, and suppresses formation of lamellipodia and focal adhesions, suggesting
that it may serve as an alternative option for GBM treatment.