bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propuesta de mejora en la calidad del aire: caso Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Garcia Galvan Joel , Romero Morett Martin G. ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Velazquez Contreras Maria Magdalena
Published: June 2021

This essay aims to analyze the various scenarios in economic activities and the relationship that exists between the Public Sector and the Private Sector, by proposing to work in a coordinated manner on an investment project with an environmental focus. For this case, about a decrease in air pollution in a part of the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area (Jalisco, Mexico). Based on the information seen in the Seminar “Prospective, complex thinking and transdiscipline”, and as part of the indicated activities, was? didactic material that exemplifies the development of concepts, methodology and economic and financial analysis tools used in the subject of Formulation and Evaluation of Projects taught in the Economics Degree of the University of Guadalajara. The logical framework methodology is used, in which the relationship between the Public Sector and the Private Sector is articulated, as links that occur systematically in a complex environment, such as air pollution in cities and that it affects the public health of the population.
Violencia de género en Temporada de huracanes, de Fernanda Melchor: de la violencia subjetiva a la violencia sistémica.
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara (MÉXICO), Islas Arévalo Marco Antonio
Published: June 2021

This essay approaches gender violence from a systemic violence study in Fernanda Melchor’s novel Temporada de huracanes (2017). It analyses the violence exerted towards three female characters form their point of view. The purpose is to identify the elements of Systematic violence that allow physical, psychological, and sexual abuse in the three main stories that represent gender violence within the novel. The method employed was a critical comparison between the different types of violence and its’ perpetrator’s’ motivations, framed in the systemic violence approach. Finally, it was concluded that these forms of violence are allowed within the setting of a patriarchal-colonial structure that reproduces dominance from the male gender towards the female gender. Which, ultimately, allows a normalized reproduction of violence towards women in various degrees: from psychologicalverbal aggressions, to systematic rape and femicide.
Metateorización interdisciplinaria para Noticia de un secuestro (1996): Literatura y Criminología
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (PERÚ), Delgado Del Aguila Jesús Miguel
Published: June 2021

For the theoretical construction that will allow the analysis to News of a Kidnapping (1996), I rely on the establishment of the sociological character of the disciplines of Literature and Criminology (the way of organizing society, through certain laws and regulations), besides having other similarities (artistic, interpretative and written dimensions), as pointed out by Perez (2006). The way of articulating these proposals is somewhat problematic, because there is no interdisciplinary link that is fully and intellectually elaborated, according to Nelson, Treichler and Grossberg: difficulty that would not allow contextualizing, theorizing and questioning the bases with which we work. For this reason, Cultural Studies would have a necessary functionality: its methodology does not have guarantees on the privilege that is granted to the internal structures of the interdisciplinary. For this, I have developed two guidelines by which that phenomenon could be explained: the literary and criminological approaches.
Juego de Logos
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Capacitación Profesional INACAP. (CHILE), Tillería Aqueveque Leopoldo Edgardo
Published: June 2021

Philosophy has given little –not to mention modern sciences- in explaining what this game is about. No treatise, few phenomenologies and almost no hermeneutics, dedicated to something so trivial and complex, at the same time, as is the game. What do we play? How do we do it and for what purpose? Does the game cover some mysterious meaning? What about the logos with the game? From an essentially ontological perspective, the article addresses these questions through a brief exegesis of the thinkers that seem fundamental to the question of the game. The meaning of the game, then, emerges in a ritual and almost cosmological relationship with chance itself. The nod in the title to the famous novel by George R.R. Martin, was not only looking for a mere play on words that anticipated –in the idea of a logos “playing”- the possibility of a clarifying criticism of the playful reason, already thought by Holzapfel in 2003. Game of Thrones would be, in reality, something like the paradigm of the postmodern game, a true vanishing point for a bewildered Homo ludens
¿Qué es la libertad?: un análisis de la modernidad al comunitarismo.
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara (MÉXICO), García Solano Ignacio
Published: June 2021

What are the interpretations of the idea of liberty that are presented in the current discussions within political philosophy? This concept, being too vague, tries to delimit itself in the three most relevant proposals within current philosophical and political debates. Two of them are given through modernity, which can be subdivided into universals, which are based on prohibitive laws and, secondly, individual, who are based on the selection of permissive laws. The third contribution is given by the communitarians, who begin to speak about the need for a liberty of plurality. It is not an objective to take any position on these proposals, therefore, defending them is something that will definitely be omitted. The objective really raised is only to present the discussions that exist around these three interpretations on liberty, arguing by thesis that, all of them become an aporia in terms of the advantages and disadvantages that theyself generate, being, therefore, fallible. Also, reconciling all these proposals is difficult, since their objectives start from opposite sides that, in trying to do so, would become counterproductive. The work is presented in three sections. The first part is dedicated to explaining the delimitation of the issue that arises and then moving on to the particular issues. The second part dedicates a space to the analysis of the two main interpretations of the idea of liberty given in modernity. Finally, an alternative to this modern concept of liberty is presented, a plural one given from community thought.
EXPOSURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF NOISE POLLUTION AMONG RESIDENTS OF BICHI TOWN, KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Gadanya Muktar A. , Buhari Imrana A.
Published: June 2021

Environmental pollution is the most important public health problem densely in populated areas in the developing countries and often the underlying cause of many diseases of public health importance. Noise pollution is an undesirable sound that interferes with wellbeing in the environment with significant effects. With the current rapid growth and technological advancement, noise pollution is increasingly becoming environmental menace that deserves appropriate attention in order to mitigate its health effects. This paper aims to determine the sources, awareness and health effects of noise pollution in a typical Nigerian sub-urban population. Descriptive cross-sectional study using interviewer administered questionnaire and measurement of environmental noise using acoustic metre. Majority of the respondents (75.8%) were exposed to noise levels above the 55dB WHO safe noise level without health effects. Power generators, automobiles and grinding machines are the commonest sources of noise pollution in the studied environment amounted to a value of 55.8%, 40% and 35.8% respectively and to a lesser extent hawker (16.4%) and loudspeaker (9.6%) among others. Sleep disturbance, headache, and poor concentration were commonly reported effects of noise in the environment with magnitudes of 52.7%, 50.9%, 15.8% respectively. Anxiety (12.1%) and hearing disturbances (11.5%) were also common. Noise pollution associated health problems are common in the community with significant effects on the quality of life of the inhabitants. Stable power supply, effective legislation and improvement in living condition of the people are key to minimize noise pollution and avert its deleterious health effects.
LEHÇE BİLEŞİK SÖZCÜKLERİN YAPISAL, İŞLEVSEL VE ANLAMSAL İNCELEMESİ
Authors: GAZNEVİ Emrah
Published: June 2021

İki ya da daha fazla sözcüğün dil bilgisi kurallarına uyarak belirli şekiller içinde bir araya
gelmesiyle yeni bir kavrama karşılık gelecek biçimde kullanılması anlamına gelen
bileştirme, Lehçede sözcük türetme yolları içerisinde en çok başvurulan yöntemlerden
biridir. Çalışmada Lehçe bileşik sözcüklerin yapısal çeşitliliği ve bazı özellikleri ele
alınacaktır. Bu özelliklerin arasında en karakteristik olanı birleşiği oluşturan sözcükler
arasında ara ekin görülmesidir. Bunun yanında birleşik sözcükler tümleyen, niteleyici,
sıralı birleşik olarak ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca iç merkezli ya da dış merkezli olmaları
bakımından da değerlendirilecektir. Son olarak anlamsal açıdan incelenecek olan birleşik
sözcükleri oluşturan bileşenlerin nasıl değişimlere uğradıkları tespit edilecektir.
KÂMİL KAHRAMAN “MECNÛN”DAN HAREKETLE SEYR-İ SÜLÛK, BİREYLEŞME SÜRECİ VE MONOMİTİN ÇEKİRDEĞİ
Authors: SAĞLAM Hacer
Published: June 2021

Divan şiirinde âşıkların şâhı olarak öne çıkan Mecnûn, bu ününü hiç şüphesiz “mecazdan
hakikate ulaşan” bir âşık olması nedeniyle kazanmıştır. Mecnûn, Leylâ vü Mecnûn
mesnevilerinde şairler tarafından seyr-i sülûkunu tamamlamış bir “kâmil” olarak tavsîf
edilir. Batınî / tasavvufî bir yolculuk olan seyr-i sülûk, kişinin, nefs katmanlarını geçerek
kemâlât düzeyine ulaşmasını ifade eder. Seyr-i sülûk, araştırmacılar tarafından Analitik
Psikoloji'nin kurucusu Jung'un “bireyleşme süreci” ile zaman zaman aynı doğrultuda
düşünülür. Anlatma esasına dayalı eserlerde, kahramanların döngüsü bağlamında
faydalanılan bireyleşme süreci, Joseph Campbell tarafından “monomitin çekirdeği”
olarak sistematize edilmiştir. Ayrılma-erginleşme-dönüş aşamaları bakımından seyr-i
sülûk ile benzerlik taşıması ve yol-yolcu-yolculuk kavramlarını karşılaması, seyr-i sülûk,
bireyleşme süreci ve monomitin çekirdeğinin aynı süreçlerin farklı adları olduğu
düşüncesine neden olmaktadır.
Bu makalede, yolculuğunu tamamlamış kâmil bir kahraman olarak Mecnûn'un,
bireyleşme süreci ve monomitin çekirdeğine göre “aziz” bir kahraman olup olmadığı
sorusuna cevap aranacaktır.
PLATON'UN ŞÖLEN'İNDE EROS, ERDEM VE EĞİTİM İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Ahmet Cüneyt
Published: June 2021

Platon'un düşüncesinde eros, erdemli bir yaşamın hedeflendiği felsefi bir etkinlik
çerçevesinde merkezi bir rol oynamaktadır. Filozofun bilgeliğin peşinde olması, eros'un
işlevi yoluyla sağlanır. Ahlaksal erdemlerin kazanılmasını amaçlayan eğitimin ihtiyaç
duyduğu motivasyon, Şölen diyaloğunda erotik bir ilişki modelinde betimlenmiştir. Bu
çerçevede eros'un eğitsel işlevleri odağa alınacağından, Şölen'de konuşmasını erdemlerin
ve bilginin kazanılmasına yoğunlaştıran Pausanias'ın eros övgüsü dikkati çekmektedir.
Daha da önemlisi Pausanias erotik ilişkinin, bir eğitim ilişkisi olarak
konumlandırılabileceği ve özellikle ahlaksal bir eğitim sürecinde eros'un işlev görebileceği
düşüncesi doğrultusunda eros'a ilişkin ikili bir ayrım yapar. Soylu (göksel) ve değersiz
(yersel) olmak üzere ortaya konulan bu ayrım yoluyla, düşünsel ve ruhsal olana yönelen
erdemli eros, göksel olandır. Bu açıdan Platon'un eros'a ilişkin düşünceleri, Pausanias'ın
eros betimlemesiyle örtüşen benzerlikler göstermektedir. Hatta Pausanias'ın göksel ve
yersel olarak ayırdığı ikili eros yaklaşımı, yine Platon'un duyulur olan ile düşünsel olan
ayrımına paralel olarak işlemekte ve Diotima yoluyla sunulan eros'un yükselişi
düşüncesinin bir ön taslağını düşündürmektedir.
Söz konusu ayrım eşliğinde eros'un ahlaksal erdemlerin kazanılması ve eğitim açısından
işlevleri ve iki farklı eros'un da ne şekilde anlaşılması ve takip edilmesi gerektiği sorunları
ayrıntılandırılacaktır. Şölen'de ana ekseni oluşturan Diotima'nın konuşmasında kendisini
gösteren eros ile Pausanias'ın eros'a yaklaşımı arasındaki bağlantı ve eros'un eğitsel ve
felse işlevleri tartışılacaktır. Sonuç olarak Şölen'de erotik ilişki bir eğitim biçimi olarak
sunulmakta ve seven ile sevilenin ilişkide felsefi bir eros yoluyla erdemli bir yaşam
hedene yönelebilecekleri açığa çıkarılmaktadır.
THE PARADOX OF FREE WOMEN IN DORIS LESSING'S “THE GOLDEN NOTEBOOK”
Authors: AKKÜLAH DOĞAN Emine
Published: June 2021

Although Doris Lessing's “The Golden Notebook” is regarded as a feminist novel by many
scholars, it is also mostly criticised due to the overt male domination upon various female
characters. Moving away from the feminist purpose by focusing on the experiences and
struggles of these different women characters, Lessing emphasises the significance of
peeling off all the socially constructed labels and recognising the distinctive true identity
particular to each woman. Following this focus, the author also creates an analogy
between the content and the form of the novel by reflecting the chaos in the mind of the
women characters to the chaotic form which is divided into parts. Hereby, it can be aptly
argued that by building a chaotic atmosphere around the women characters who deem
themselves free, Lessing problematises the concept of free women in this particular novel.
This paper sets out to analyse how Lessing illustrates the paradox of free women in “The
Golden Notebook” through the chaotic content and form.
KÜLTÜR MERKEZLERİNE YÖNELİK SOSYOMEKÂNSAL BİR ANALİZ: ANKARA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: SARI Volkan İdris , ÖZGEN Nurettin
Published: June 2021

Fiziki mekân sembolik anlamlardan arınmış boş bir mekân değildir. Kentsel alanlarda
mekân somut ve soyut birçok faktörle birlikte üretilir. Bu üretim sürecindeki
belirleyicilerden birisi de ideolojidir. Zira iktidar çeşitli araçlar ile mekânın üretim
süreçlerine müdahale eder. Kamusal mekânların ideolojik yapıya uyumlu politikalarla
üretilmesi ya da dönüştürülmesi için toplumsal aidiyet ve kimlik inşa süreçleri aktif olarak
kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile söz konusu inşa sürecinde aktif olarak kullanılan kültür
merkezlerindeki faaliyetler Althusser'in devletin ideolojik aygıtları yaklaşımı çerçevesinde
ele alınmıştır. Ankara'nın merkez ilçelerindeki faal kültür merkezleri çalışma sahası
olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada karma araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Bunu
yaparken kültür merkezlerinden yararlanan katılımcıların öznel değerlendirmelerini
almak için yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Buradan elde edilen nitel
veriler, nicel analiz yöntemlerinden yararlanılarak değerlendirilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Bu
kapsamda cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim düzeyi, meslek ve mevcut durum/öneri kategorileri
itibarıyla sonuçların istatistiksel anlamlılığı test edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda kültür
merkezlerinin siyasal yönetimler tarafından kültürün yeniden inşa edildiği ideolojik
temelli mekânlar olduğu görülmüştür.
PSYCHOLOGICAL PLANE: SIGMUND FREUD’S SUBCONSCIOUS MIND IN SIMON STEPHENS’S “BLUEBIRD”
Authors: ÖZATA Cüneyt
Published: June 2021

From the rituals demonstrated with masks and nature-inspired costumes to epitomise
supernatural beings to a church-based dramatization in the Early Middle Ages focusing
solely on commemoration of Christ with a theatrical rite on Easter, or even to Shakespeare,
where characters in disguise fill the scene at a time when Elizabethan notion of visceral
force was replaced by intrigue, theatre has always been the shadow of a changing society.
What, in fact, goes under a change is not the notion of theatre per se, but the idea of relating
to people from all walks of life. In this sense, theatre, which has a structuring power that
has managed to infiltrate deeply within the society, has sustained its existence in parallel
with the developing and shifting social dynamics. For theatre, change is bound to happen
if one retains his/her permanency. Theatre, which is in a continuous motion, allows
interaction between the audience and the actor. Though the dimension of this interaction is
multifaceted, one of the most broadly known is indubitably the reflection of Freud's
concept of psychoanalysis on the characters of the play, which is based on the view that
certain situations that take place in human consciousness and especially in the
subconscious have a great role in their daily lives. Simon Stephens, who reflects this
change and interaction to his works by going beyond the traditional understanding of
theatre and by including the post-dramatic elements with music and abundant visuality,
stands out as one of the important playwrights of contemporary British theatre in recent
years. The play Bluebird (1998), which he wrote on a level reminiscent of the cinema scene,
presents sections from the lives of postmodern individuals who are struggling to hold on to
life in the grip of the developing and globalizing world, which Stephens himself personally
experienced and observed. The author tries to reflect the psychological disorders of
today's individuals and Freud's subconscious concept to the audience with his play
Bluebird. This study deals with the characters in Stephens' Bluebird within the context of
Sigmund Freud's personality theories.
THORNTHWAITE İKLİM SINIFLANDIRMASINA GÖRE ŞANLIURFA İKLİMİ
Authors: İRCAN Mustafa Recep , DUMAN Neşe
Published: June 2021

Çeşitli süreçlere bağlı olarak oluşup yeryüzünde yayılış gösteren iklim tiplerinin canlı yaşamı üzerinde önemli etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu özelliği itibariyle yeryüzündeki iklim tipleri, çeşitli sınıandırmalara tabi tutularak incelenmiştir. Yapılan iklim sınıflandırmalarında birtakım iklim analiz metotları ortaya konulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Şanlıurfa ilinin iklim özellikleri belirlenirken Thornthwaite İklim Sınıflandırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan sınıflandırmada, nicel ve noktasal özelliğe meteorolojik sahip veriler, nitel ve alansal biçime dönüştürülmüştür. Ayrıca, çalışmanın metodolojisine ayrıntılı şekilde yer verilerek Şanlıurfa ilindeki istasyonların (Şanlıurfa Merkez, Akçakale, Birecik, Bozova, Ceylanpınar, Hilvan, Siverek ve Viranşehir) su bilançosu tablosu ile diyagramı, yağış etkinliği, sıcaklık rejimi, sıcaklık etkinliği ve yağış rejimi belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular ArcGIS 10.5 programında veri enterpolasyonu yapılarak alansal hale dönüştürülmüştür. Böylece sahanın iklim betimlemesi netleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, sahanın genel olarak kurak-yarı kurak iklime sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar sahadaki kuraklık boyutunun güneye doğru arttığını göstermektedir. Sahanın kurak-yarı kurak iklim özelliği, daha güneyindeki kurak ve çöl sahalarıyla etkileşiminin olduğu ve yıllara göre artan sıcaklık, azalan yağış durumuyla da ilişkilendirilerek düşünüldüğünde, sahasının kuraklık ve çölleşmeden etkilenebilirliğinin yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
BATILILAŞMA DÖNEMİ DOĞU EDEBİYATINDA “LES AVENTURES DE TÉLÉMAQUE, FILS D'ULYSSE”İN SERÜVENİ: TÜRKÇE, ARAPÇA VE FARSÇA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: TEK Zeynep , ARSLAN Tülin , ZEYTUNLU Emine
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışma, XIX. yüzyıldan itibaren modernleşme sürecini Batı'yı özellikle Fransa'yı örnek
alarak hızlandıran ve güçlü bir yazın geleneği olan Osmanlı, Mısır ve İran toplumunda Les
Aventures de Télémaque, fils d'Ulysse (1699) adlı romanın çevirisine gösterilen rağbetin
nedenlerini sorgulamaktadır. François Fénelon (1651-1715) tarafından kaleme alınan
eser, matbu kitap olarak Türkçeye, Arapçaya ve Farsçaya XIX. yüzyılda çevrilmiştir.
Mevcut çalışma, eserin bu dillerde ilk çeviri romanlardan biri olmasının ortak sebepleri
olabileceğini ileri sürmekte; eserin çevirisine verilen önemin, adı geçen toplumların tarihsel
süreciyle yakından ilişkili olduğunu belirtmektedir. Bu amaçla işlev odaklı betimleyici
çeviribilim yaklaşımından hareketle, çevirilerin gerçekleştiği dönemlerdeki sosyo-tarihsel
koşullar üzerinde durulmakta, ardından eserin kimler tarafından hangi saiklerle
çevrildiği ve genel olarak etkileri betimlenmektedir. Sonuçta Aydınlanma felsefesinin
tesirindeki bu toplumlarda, eserin ideal devletin ve vatandaşın mahiyetine dayalı izlekleri
itibarıyla özellikle tercih edildiği görüşüne ulaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca ideal insanı öne çıkaran
didaktik içeriğiyle erek toplumlardaki etik normların pekiştirilmesine ve beynelmilel
kültürel karşılaşmaların makul düzeyde gerçekleşmesine katkı sunduğu görülmektedir.
Generalised Granuloma Annulare-Uncommon in Clinical Practice
Authors: Islam Nahida
Published: June 2021

Generalised granuloma annulare is a benign inflammatory dermatosis characterized by dermal papules and annular plaques. It is often clinically confused with other dermatoses particular superficial fungal infection. A man of 50 years came with multiple erythematous, mildly pruritic, firm papules and annular skin lesion over the extremites and back of trunk for the last two years. He was treated with an oral antifungal for several months under diagnosis of tinea corporis without remission. The diagnosis of Generalised Granuloma Annulare was made based on skin biopsy and histopathological examination. Oral Acitretin and topical tacrolimus (0.1%) were administered and after 1 month of follow up period the lesion were started to regress. Complete remission was found after 3 months treatment.

CBMJ 2016 July: Vol. 05 No. 02 P: 39-42
Seasonal Pattern of Hand Foot and Mouth Disease in an Out-patient Clinic of a Tertiary Care Pediatric Hospital, Dhaka
Authors: Hussain Mahfuza , Amin Md Nurul , Islam Md Rafiqul
Published: June 2021

Background : Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious disease of children, occurs primarily under five years of age, characterized by a history of brief febrile illness and a typical skin rash over hands and feet with or without sores in mouth, caused usually by Coxsackie virus[1]A16 viruses. It is mainly the disease of tropical and subtropical countries and bears a complex-relation with meteorological variables like temperature, rainfall and relative humidity, although no study has yet been done in Bangladesh to explain the complex relationship of the disease with these variables.

Objective : This study sought to describe the occurrence of HFMD and its association with meteorological factors in Dhaka city.

Methods : The present cross-sectional study collected data of 231 HFMD cases from the records of the daily register of Out-patient Department of Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka between January 2018 to December 2019. According to the study protocol a child was identified as having HFMD who had a history of brief febrile illness accompanied by a typical skin rash with or without mouth ulcers. Total numbers of cases treated monthly at OPD during the period were also recorded. Meteorological data were provided by Bangladesh Meteorological Department, which among others, included monthly average temperature, relative humidity and amount of rainfall. While the outcome variable was monthly number of HFMD cases, the predictive variables were average temperature, humidity and rainfall during the study period.

Results : Majority (85.3%) children in the present study was < 5 years old. A male preponderance was observed in the series (60%) with male to female ratio being 3:2. A clustering of HFMD cases was observed to occur between June to October when monthly average temperature, total rainfall and humidity all were at their maximum compared to those found between November to April. The clustering of cases was more intense in the year 2019 than that in the year 2018. During the period average monthly temperature was 29.20C, average rainfall was 62.6% (238 mm) of the total annual precipitation and mean relative humidity was 79%. The proportion of HFMD cases out of total cases treated during the period was 2.2% in 2018 and was 4.1% in 2019, which in the dry season (November to April) was 0.4% and 0.5% in 2018 and 2019 respectively.

Conclusions : The study concluded that majority of the HFMD cases occur under five years of age and boys are more likely to have the infection than the girls. A seasonality of HFMD occurrence is observed with a higher number of cases occurring in the monsoon season and fewer cases in the dry season.Clustering of HFMD cases occur between May to October when monthly average temperature, total rainfall and humidity all are at peak compared to those in November to April of the year.

Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.11 (2) Jan 2020: 453-457
Opening (Policy): Adaptation and Resilience challenges in the COP26 Meeting
Authors: Collins Andrew , Trevelyan Anne-Marie , Hall Jim , van Aalst Maarten , Messa Maria Cristina , Webb Sarah
Published: June 2021

This panel discussion will seek to identify clear, near-term scientific messages on adaptation opportunities for the COP26 Adaptation and Resilience Theme priority. The session will address key questions such as: - What would you like to see in the CoP26 settlement to enhance capacity for adaptation nationally and internationally? - What would you like to see in the CoP26 settlement to realise the opportunity adaptation has for combating poverty nationally and internationally? - Can COVID-19 impacts on society and economy, and renewal investment plans be an opportunity to help focus the poverty alleviating opportunity of adaptation? - How might research funding and practice best enable innovative, pro-poor adaptation?
NbS in International cooperation and climate policy
Authors: Melis Alessandro , Tubiello Francesco , Bulkelely Harriet , Morales Rosa , Ballard Tamsin
Published: June 2021

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) for global cooperation are at the heart of the global climate change and environmental challenges we face today. NbS can cut across the root of other challenges such as biodiversity loss, development challenges, increased migration, conflict and growing health challenges. This session will present how Nature-based Solutions can be used from a wide range of case studies from across the Global South, from the rural to the urban context. These insights can be used to build the resilience of vulnerable groups and communities to climate risks, through transforming urban slums, equipping smallholder farmers to adapt and survive and protecting homes and business against climate shocks.
Delivering green recovery and just transition in the context of rapid technological change
Authors: Markkanen Sanna , Pollitt Hector , Van Loo Jasper , Porter Martin
Published: June 2021

The economic recovery from Covid-19 will need to support the transition to climate neutrality in a context characterised potentially disruptive technological advances such as automation and digitalisation. This session focuses on how the interconnections between the economic recovery, decarbonisation and technological change can facilitate or hinder equitable recovery and ‘just’ transition to climate neutral economy.
Climate Risk to Society
Authors: Shuckburgh Emily , Surminski Swenja , Robinson Elizabeth , Lewis Simon
Published: June 2021

This session will explore climate risks to society, including the impacts on food and water supply and human health, and the implications for business. The severity of the impacts of climate change depends strongly on the level of vulnerability and exposure to hazardous events and each of these dimensions need to be considered holistically when developing responses.
Climate resilient universities for resilient communities
Authors: Wright Alex , Collymore Jeremy , Smith David , Langa Patrício , Mondlane Eduardo
Published: June 2021

Drawing on the experience of members of the Association of Commonwealth Universities’ Climate Resilience Network, and the initial work of the “Transforming Universities for a Changing Climate” project lead by UCL/IOE, this session will examine: how the climate emergency impacts on the operation of universities in vulnerable settings, what strategies are being deployed to develop models for a climate resilient university, and how this informs the work of universities in developing resilience and adaptation strategies in their communities.
Live poster session 2: Adapting robustly to climate change
Authors: Dudman Karl , Alfieri Lorenzo , Pelling Mark , Mottram Stewart , Sheffield Justin
Published: June 2021

This poster session complements the related session on the Land stage, and through poster presentations and discussion will critically examine new and emerging approaches to adaptation.
Inclusivity in green recovery
Authors: Cohn Carol , Duncanson Claire , Corres Julian , Lee Katherine , Sandys Laura , Corti Marcelo Alejandro , Kennet Miriam , McKie Ruth
Published: June 2021

In this session on inclusivity throughout green recovery and climate change, we will see presentations followed by discussion on inclusion of all ages and genders in the fight for a better tomorrow.
RINGO: Q&A on conference topics and their role at COP26
Authors: Bach Tracy , Low Melissa , Martin Beth , Michaelowa Axel
Published: June 2021

Tracy Bach and Beth Martin, RINGO CFPs, will follow up on their Monday, May 17 primer on the climate negotiations at COP26 by holding a live Q&A for attendees. They will answer your questions on how the topics covered during the week's sessions factor into the negotiations and side events anticipated at COP26 in November.
Patient Characteristics and Preferences Regarding Anticoagulant Treatment in Venous Thromboembolic Disease
Authors: Lanéelle Damien , Le Brun Charles , Mauger Chadi , Guillaumat Jérôme , Le Pabic Estelle , Omarjee Loukman , Mahé Guillaume ,   SFMV VTE Study Group
Published: June 2021

Background: Anticoagulants are the recommended treatment for venous thromboembolic disease (VTE). The mode of anticoagulant administration may influence compliance, and therefore the effectiveness of the treatment. Unlike in atrial fibrillation or cancer-associated thrombosis, there is only limited data on patient preferences regarding the choice of anticoagulation in VTE. This study aims to evaluate patient preferences regarding anticoagulants in terms of administration: types (oral or injectable treatment) and number of doses or injections per day.

Patients and Methods: This is a national survey through a questionnaire sent by e-mail to 1936 French vascular physicians between February and April 2019. They recorded the responses for each patient admitted for VTE.

Results: Three hundred and eleven (response rate of 16%) of the 1936 contacted physicians responded for 364 patients. Among these, there were 167 fully completed questionnaires. Most patients (63%) express concerns about VTE and prefer oral treatment (81.5%), justified by the ease of administration (74%) and a fear of the injections (22%). When patients were taking more than three oral treatments they statistically chose injectable treatment more often (54%) than oral treatment (25%, p = 0.002). Patients who chose injectable treatment were also older (70 ± 16 vs. 58 ± 17 years old, p = 0.001). There was no statistically difference in anticoagulation preference according to gender or to the expected duration of treatment (6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months or unlimited). When oral treatment was preferred (81%), most chose oral treatment without dose adjustment and biomonitoring (74.3%). Among them, very few (5.8%) preferred a twice-daily intake.

Conclusion: Patient preference in terms of anticoagulant treatment in VTE disease is in favor of oral treatment without adjustment or biomonitoring and with once-daily intake. When an injectable treatment is chosen, a prolonged duration of treatment does not seem to be a constraint for the patient.

Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier [NCT03889457].
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy vs. Single Antiplatelet Therapy After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yipeng , Shen Lan , Yang Wentao , He Ben
Published: June 2021

Background: Although mainstream guidelines recommend dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and clopidogrel in patients following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), it is not evidence-based. We aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of DAPT vs. single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) after TAVR, and review updated evidence.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane for studies comparing DAPT to SAPT after TAVR from inception to November 30, 2020. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, including all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and major or life-threatening bleeding (LTB). Subgroup analysis was performed according to study type (randomized control trials vs. observational studies) using a fixed-effects model. The quality of evidence was assessed by two scoring systems and GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation).

Results: Twelve studies of 20,766 patients were included in our meta-analysis. Compared with SAPT, DAPT was associated with an increased risk for combined life threatening and major bleeding [OR 1.73 (1.19–2.51), p = 0.004] after TAVR. Such a difference was largely driven by major bleeding [OR 2.29 (1.68–3.11), p < 0.001]. There were no significant differences on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) [OR 1.19 (0.99–1.44), p = 0.07], cardiovascular mortality [OR 1.46 (0.93–2.30), p = 0.10], and stroke [OR 0.97 (0.80–1.16), p = 0.71].

Conclusions: Compared with SAPT, post-TAVR DAPT was associated with increased risks of major or life-threatening bleeding without additional benefits of reducing thrombotic events. Future guidelines for post-TAVR antiplatelet strategy are expected to be updated as new high-quality evidence emerges.

Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, Identifier: CRD42021230075.
Anticoagulation Therapy After Biologic Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Myllykangas Monna E. , Kiviniemi Tuomas O. , Gunn Jarmo M. , Salomaa Veikko V. , Pietilä Arto , Niiranen Teemu J. , Aittokallio Jenni
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Thromboembolism prophylaxis after biologic aortic valve replacement (BAVR) is recommended for 3 months postoperatively. We examined the continuation of oral anticoagulation (OAC) treatment and its effect on the long-term prognosis after BAVR.

Methods: We used nation-wide register data from 4,079 individuals who underwent BAVR. We examined the association between warfarin and the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant use with death, stroke and major bleeding in 2010 – 2016.

Results: The risk of stroke was higher (HR 2.39, 95% CI 1.62 – 3.53, p < 0.001) and the risk of death was lower (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65 – 0.96, p = 0.016) in OAC-users compared to individuals without OAC. We observed no significant associations between OAC use and bleeding risk.

Conclusion: OAC use after BAVR was associated with increased risk of stroke and decreased risk of death. These observational findings warrant validation in randomized controlled trials before any clinical conclusions can be drawn.
Networks of Networks: An Essay on Multi-Level Biological Organization
Authors: Uversky Vladimir N. , Giuliani Alessandro
Published: June 2021

The multi-level organization of nature is self-evident: proteins do interact among them to give rise to an organized metabolism, while in the same time each protein (a single node of such interaction network) is itself a network of interacting amino-acid residues allowing coordinated motion of the macromolecule and systemic effect as allosteric behavior. Similar pictures can be drawn for structure and function of cells, organs, tissues, and ecological systems. The majority of biologists are used to think that causally relevant events originate from the lower level (the molecular one) in the form of perturbations, that “climb up” the hierarchy reaching the ultimate layer of macroscopic behavior (e.g., causing a specific disease). Such causative model, stemming from the usual genotype-phenotype distinction, is not the only one. As a matter of fact, one can observe top-down, bottom-up, as well as middle-out perturbation/control trajectories. The recent complex network studies allow to go further the pure qualitative observation of the existence of both non-linear and non-bottom-up processes and to uncover the deep nature of multi-level organization. Here, taking as paradigm protein structural and interaction networks, we review some of the most relevant results dealing with between networks communication shedding light on the basic principles of complex system control and dynamics and offering a more realistic frame of causation in biology.
Seasonal Prokaryotic Community Linkages Between Surface and Deep Ocean Water
Authors: Wenley Jess , Currie Kim , Lockwood Scott , Thomson Blair , Baltar Federico , Morales Sergio E.
Published: June 2021

Sinking organic particles from surface waters provide key nutrients to the deep ocean, and could serve as vectors transporting microbial diversity to the deep ocean. However, the effect of this seasonally varying connectivity with the surface on deep microbial communities remains unexplored. Here, a three-year time-series from surface and deep (500 m) waters part of the Munida Microbial Observatory Time-Series (MOTS) was used to study the seasonality of epipelagic and mesopelagic prokaryotic communities. The goal was to establish how seasonally dynamic these two communities are, and any potential linkages between them. Both surface and deep prokaryotic communities displayed seasonality with high variation in community diversity. Deep prokaryotic communities mirrored the seasonal patterns in heterotrophic production and bacterial abundance displayed by surface communities, which were related to changes in chlorophyll-a concentration. However, the magnitude of this temporal variability in deeper waters was generally smaller than in the surface. Detection of surface prokaryotes in the deep ocean seemed seasonally linked to phytoplankton blooms, but other copiotrophic or typically algal-associated surface groups were not detected in the mesopelagic suggesting only specific populations were surviving the migration down the water column. We show transfer of organisms across depths is possibly not always unidirectional, with typically deep ocean microbes being seasonally abundant in surface waters. This indicates the main mechanism linking surface and deep communities changes seasonally: sinking of organic particles during productive periods, and vertical convection during winter overturning.
Renal Endometriosis Mimicking Cystic Renal Tumor: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yang Ye , Zhao Xinxin , Huang Ying
Published: June 2021

Background: Endometriosis mainly affects female pelvic tissues and organs, and the presence of endometriosis in the kidney is extremely rare.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 48-year-old woman who presented with intermittent hematuria. She was found to have a cystic mass on renal ultrasonography, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed slight enhancement of the cystic wall and septa. These findings were indicative of cystic renal tumor. The patient subsequently underwent partial right nephrectomy. Histopathology revealed endometriosis of the right renal parenchyma. The patient recovered well and had no evidence of a recurrent renal mass at the 3 months' follow up.

Conclusion: The possibility of renal endometriosis should be considered in a female patient with a cystic renal mass and clinical symptoms related to the menstrual cycle.
Molecular Associations and Clinical Significance of RAPs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kumari Sarita , Arora Mohit , Singh Jay , Kadian Lokesh K. , Yadav Rajni , Chauhan Shyam S. , Chopra Anita
Published: June 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive gastrointestinal malignancy with a high rate of mortality. Multiple studies have individually recognized members of RAP gene family as critical regulators of tumor progression in several cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma. These studies suffer numerous limitations including a small sample size and lack of analysis of various clinicopathological and molecular features. In the current study, we utilized authoritative multi-omics databases to determine the association of RAP gene family expression and detailed molecular and clinicopathological features in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). All five RAP genes were observed to harbor dysregulated expression in HCC compared to normal liver tissues. RAP2A exhibited strongest ability to differentiate tumors from the normal tissues. RAP2A expression was associated with progressive tumor grade, TP53 and CTNNB1 mutation status. Additionally, RAP2A expression was associated with the alteration of its copy numbers and DNA methylation. RAP2A also emerged as an independent marker for patient prognosis. Further, pathway analysis revealed that RAP2A expression is correlated with tumor-infiltrating immune cell composition and oncogenic molecular pathways, such as cell cycle and cellular metabolism.
Viscoelasticity Imaging of Biological Tissues and Single Cells Using Shear Wave Propagation
Authors: Li Hongliang , Flé Guillaume , Bhatt Manish , Qu Zhen , Ghazavi Sajad , Yazdani Ladan , Bosio Guillaume , Rafati Iman , Cloutier Guy
Published: June 2021

Changes in biomechanical properties of biological soft tissues are often associated with physiological dysfunctions. Since biological soft tissues are hydrated, viscoelasticity is likely suitable to represent its solid-like behavior using elasticity and fluid-like behavior using viscosity. Shear wave elastography is a non-invasive imaging technology invented for clinical applications that has shown promise to characterize various tissue viscoelasticity. It is based on measuring and analyzing velocities and attenuations of propagated shear waves. In this review, principles and technical developments of shear wave elastography for viscoelasticity characterization from organ to cellular levels are presented, and different imaging modalities used to track shear wave propagation are described. At a macroscopic scale, techniques for inducing shear waves using an external mechanical vibration, an acoustic radiation pressure or a Lorentz force are reviewed along with imaging approaches proposed to track shear wave propagation, namely ultrasound, magnetic resonance, optical, and photoacoustic means. Then, approaches for theoretical modeling and tracking of shear waves are detailed. Following it, some examples of applications to characterize the viscoelasticity of various organs are given. At a microscopic scale, a novel cellular shear wave elastography method using an external vibration and optical microscopy is illustrated. Finally, current limitations and future directions in shear wave elastography are presented.
The Endosymbiotic Coral Algae Symbiodiniaceae Are Sensitive to a Sensory Pollutant: Artificial Light at Night, ALAN
Authors: Ayalon Inbal , Benichou Jennifer I. C. , Avisar Dror , Levy Oren
Published: June 2021

Artificial Light at Night, ALAN, is a major emerging issue in biodiversity conservation, which can negatively impact both terrestrial and marine environments. Therefore, it should be taken into serious consideration in strategic planning for urban development. While the lion’s share of research has dealt with terrestrial organisms, only a handful of studies have focused on the marine milieu. To determine if ALAN impacts the coral reef symbiotic algae, that are fundamental for sustainable coral reefs, we conducted a short experiment over a period of one-month by illuminating isolated Symbiodiniaceae cell cultures from the genera Cladocopium (formerly Clade C) and Durusdinium (formerly Clade D) with LED light. Cell cultures were exposed nightly to ALAN levels of 0.15 μmol quanta m–2 s–1 (∼4–5 lux) with three light spectra: blue, yellow and white. Our findings showed that even in very low levels of light at night, the photo-physiology of the algae’s Electron Transport Rate (ETR), Non-Photochemical Quenching, (NPQ), total chlorophyll, and meiotic index presented significantly lower values under ALAN, primarily, but not exclusively, in Cladocopium cell cultures. The findings also showed that diverse Symbiodiniaceae types have different photo-physiology and photosynthesis performances under ALAN. We believe that our results sound an alarm for the probable detrimental effects of an increasing sensory pollutant, ALAN, on the eco-physiology of symbiotic corals. The results of this study point to the potential effects of ALAN on other organisms in marine ecosystem such as fish, zooplankton, and phytoplankton in which their biorhythms is entrained by natural light and dark cycles.
Effects of Social Media Use on Psychological Well-Being: A Mediated Model
Authors: Ostic Dragana , Qalati Sikandar Ali , Barbosa Belem , Shah Syed Mir Muhammad , Galvan Vela Esthela , Herzallah Ahmed Muhammad , Liu Feng
Published: June 2021

The growth in social media use has given rise to concerns about the impacts it may have on users' psychological well-being. This paper's main objective is to shed light on the effect of social media use on psychological well-being. Building on contributions from various fields in the literature, it provides a more comprehensive study of the phenomenon by considering a set of mediators, including social capital types (i.e., bonding social capital and bridging social capital), social isolation, and smartphone addiction. The paper includes a quantitative study of 940 social media users from Mexico, using structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings point to an overall positive indirect impact of social media usage on psychological well-being, mainly due to the positive effect of bonding and bridging social capital. The empirical model's explanatory power is 45.1%. This paper provides empirical evidence and robust statistical analysis that demonstrates both positive and negative effects coexist, helping to reconcile the inconsistencies found so far in the literature.
Factors Affecting the Perception of Disability: A Developmental Perspective
Authors: Babik Iryna , Gardner Elena S.
Published: June 2021

Perception of disability is an important construct affecting not only the well-being of individuals with disabilities, but also the moral compass of the society. Negative attitudes toward disability disempower individuals with disabilities and lead to their social exclusion and isolation. By contrast, a healthy society encourages positive attitudes toward individuals with disabilities and promotes social inclusion. The current review explored disability perception in the light of the in-group vs. out-group dichotomy, since individuals with disabilities may be perceived as a special case of out-group. We implemented a developmental approach to study perception of disability from early age into adolescence while exploring cognitive, affective, and behavioral components of children’s attitudes. Potential factors influencing perception of disability were considered at the level of society, family and school environment, and the individual. Better understanding of factors influencing the development of disability perception would allow the design of effective interventions to improve children’s attitudes toward peers with disabilities, reduce intergroup biases, and promote social inclusion. Based on previous research in social and developmental psychology, education, and anthropology, we proposed an integrative model that provides a conceptual framework for understanding the development of disability perception.