bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SAPONIT MINERALINI KONVERSIYA YOʻLI BILAN QAYTA ISHLASH TEXNOLOGIYASINI ISHLAB CHIQISH
Authors: Umirov Farxod Ergashovich , Pirnazarov Feruz Gulomovich , Qurbonov Mehrob Nuriddinovich
Published: February 2025

Scientists of Navoi State Mining and Technological University established the presence of saponite mineral in the composition of dolomite of Vaush deposit, located in Navbahor district of Navoi region. This was confirmed using chemical and modern physico-chemical methods of analysis. Studies of chemical and mineralogical composition of this mineral were carried out, which showed that the content of calcium and magnesium oxide in saponite is 20-23%. The paper also describes the processing of saponite mineral using chloride acid and roasting with the addition of calcium chloride to release magnesium chloride solution and its further conversion into magnesium chlorate.
Analysis of influence of Institutional Support for Motivating and Incubating Entrepreneurial Ventures: A pilot Study
Authors: D Meghashree ,   Research Scholar, Xavier Institute of Management & Entrepreneurship, Bangalore (A recognised Research Centre of the University of Mysore), N Jayaram ,   Research Scholar, Xavier Institute of Management & Entrepreneurship, Bangalore (A recognised Research Centre of the University of Mysore), NMK Bhatta ,   Research Guide, Xavier Institute of Management & Entrepreneurship, Bangalore (A recognised Research Centre of the University of Mysore)
Published: February 2025

India is seeing a huge culture of startups, and Bangalore is the capital of the startups. The objective
of the current study is to see how business schools are enabling this revolution. Business education
and Institutional support play a significant role in motivating and creating the intention to set up
entrepreneurial ventures. The four driving factors for such intention to set up have been found in
the literature: Business support service, Incubation support, Mentorship & guidance and network
support. The construct for the intention to set up an entrepreneurial venture is proposed with
institutional support, using the above four dimensions. Five hypotheses are proposed for verifying
the construct. A pilot study is conducted with a sample size of 83 to validate the measurement
models of the constructs. The SEM analysis was conducted, and the results show that measurement
models meet the pilot study requirements, i.e. Content validity, Convergence validity, Reliability
and Discriminant validity. With this, the measurement model is validated and is recommended for
verifying the proposed construct with full data.
Use of Humour, Celebrity Endorsement and Emotional Appeal in Advertising and its Impact on Consumer’s Purchase Decision in FMCG Products
Authors: K Subha ,   Senior Assistant Professor, Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship,Hosur Road, Electronic City Phase 2, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560100, India, Sengupta Titas ,   Final year PGDM student, Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship, Hosur Road, Electronic City Phase 2, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560100, India, * Shivam ,   Final year PGDM student, Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship, Hosur Road, Electronic City Phase 2, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560100, India
Published: February 2025

This research delves into the dynamic interplay of celebrity endorsement, emotional appeal,
and humour in influencing Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) purchase decisions. In the
contemporary consumer landscape, understanding the nuanced relationships among these
variables is crucial for marketers seeking effective strategies. Celebrity endorsement emerges as
a potent tool, wielding influence over consumer preferences. Emotional appeal, another critical
factor, proves instrumental in creating a connection between consumers and FMCG products. The
research highlights the pivotal role emotions play in shaping purchase decisions, underscoring
the importance of brands eliciting positive emotional responses from their target audience.
While often regarded as a persuasive element in advertising, humour surprisingly does not
directly impact FMCG purchase decisions in this study. However, the findings reveal a nuanced
perspective, emphasising that the effectiveness of humour is contingent on its interaction with
gender. Moreover, the study identifies gender as a moderating factor in the relationship between
celebrity endorsement, humour, and FMCG purchase decisions. While celebrities influence both
male and female consumers, the study suggests that the nature of this influence may vary across
genders. Understanding these nuances is critical for marketers tailoring their campaigns to
resonate effectively with diverse consumer segments.
Titulus Crucis
Authors: Geiger Joseph
Published: February 2025

According to the Gospel of John, and also some MSS of Luke, the titulus crucis was written in three languages: Έβραιστί (probably meaning Aramaic), Ῥωμαιστἰ, Έλληνιστἰ.. Only John ascribes the inscription to Pilate. With one notable exception (whose irrelevance is explained) the author is not aware of any inscription set up — or, indeed, any sort of document being composed — by a Roman in an official capacity in any language other than Latin and Greek. However, one should bear in mind the wide discretionary powers of Roman governors. Pilate might have used the local vernacular, if he so wished, without consulting models. One detail in John’s narrative seems to suggest that exactly this might have been the case. John alone refers to the inscription by the Latin loan-word titlos, the very word applied to the placard carried before the criminal. This seems to be the first occurrence of the term in both Greek literature and epigraphy; occurrences in later literature are almost exclusively Christian texts, often using the term in the context of the titulus crucis. We cannot separate John’s statements as to the nature of the inscription from his referring to it as a titlos: the two come together from the same source. The employment of the (in Greek) unprecedented Roman term for the inscription lends it credibility: Pilate could have ignored (or have been ignorant of) the lack of precedent and used Aramaic, perhaps for the very reason stated by John. If this conclusion is correct, it further strengthens the claims for the historicity of John’s account of the trial and death of Jesus as against the Synoptic tradition.
Scribal Practices Reflected in the Paleo-Hebrew Texts from the Judean Desert
Authors: Tov Emanuel
Published: February 2025

This study describes the scribal practices characterising the paleo-Hebrew scrolls found in the Qumran caves. They differ from the practices applied to scrolls written in the square (Aramaic) script.
II Sam. 17:28 — Beds, Sofas, and Hebrew Lexicography
Authors: Hopkins Simon
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the exegetical history in mediaeval and modern Hebrew lexicography of the word סַפּוֹת sappōṯ of II Samuel 17:28. Depending on various considerations of etymology and context, the identification of the items in question has varied between "basins" and "couches". The latter interpretation is reflected in the modern Israeli Hebrew סַפָּה sapa "sofa".
Diogenes Laertius on the Stoic definitions of κόσμος
Authors: Finkelberg Arieh
Published: February 2025

The paper concerns Diogenes Laertius’ report (vii 137) on the Stoic use of the term kosmos. Of the three senses listed in the report the third one is apparently unintelligible. Hans von Arnim proposed to solve the difficulty by excising the reference to the stars, which however proves an inefficient solution. Rather, comparision with a variety of the reports on the Stoic use of the term kosmossuggests that Diogenes’ report on both the second and third senses of kosmosis substantially garbled.
Nicolas Richer, Les Éphores, Études sur l ’histoire et sur l'image de Sparte (VIΙ le-1 Ι le siècles avant Jésus-Christ), Histoire ancienne et médiévale-50, Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 1998. 636 pp.
Authors: David Ephraim
Published: February 2025

Eng
Ploutos, The God of the Oligarchs
Authors: Zelnick-Abramovitz Rachel
Published: February 2025

According to a scholiast to the extant Ploutos, dated to 388 B.C., an earlier version of the play was pro­duced in 408 B.C. Judging by the scholia and the lexicog­raphers, differences between the two versions were small, yet the second version also manifests some deviations from the pattern of comedies written by Aristophanes in the last quarter of the fifth century B.C. Despite the structural and thematic variations, however, I argue that the extant Ploutos may have been no less suited to the economic and even political situation of 408 than to that of 388 B.C, since it seems to reflect late fifth-century concerns and tensions. In order to explore this line of inquiry, I discuss two interconnecting themes in the play, whose relevance to the political and social circumstances of late fifth-century Athens has been overlooked in modern scholarship.
The first theme is the positive/negative effects of wealth upon society—a theme popular with many poets, dramatists and philosophers. The other theme is the contrast between a peaceful and idle life, far from political activity and devoid of reciprocal relations, and a life full of toil, politics, and wealth attained through work. In Greek tradition, the idea of peaceful and idle life—made possible by spontaneously produced wealth—was depicted in the myth of the Golden Age, or ‘the life under Kronos’ that also developed as one of the theories of human degeneration and, eventually, was connected with the term physis, which became more and more prominent in philosophical writings. Alongside and contrary to these myths and theories there developed the myth of the culture hero, who taught men crafts, language and laws. This myth led to the devel­opment of a theory, according to which human society evolved through the growth of technology and social organisation.
By the late fifth century Β.C., discussions of these themes already formed a long tradition and were also popular in comedy. Moreover, in 408 B.C., the memory of the first oligarchic revolution was still fresh and the political debates still raged. The combination in Ploutos of these themes and their association with contemporary philo­sophical and political debates seem much more suited to a comedy of the late fifth cen­tury than to the political, social, and even economic conditions of 388 Β.C. It is therefore suggested that the first Ploutos was a satirical attack on oligar­chic schemes and sophistic theories, and that the plot of the extant version was to a large extent identical to the first version, except for structural changes and some allusions to contemporary events and persons.
Functions of the Delphic Amphictyony before 346 BCE
Authors: Bowden Hugh
Published: February 2025

This article re-examines the history and purpose of the Delphic Amphictyony in the period before its reorganisation in 346 BCE. It questions the notion of a fixed membership before 346 BCE, and emphasises the religious responsibilities of the Amphictyons, in particular relating to the Pylaea at Anthedon, and to the Sacred Land at Delphi. It re-examines the evidence for the so-called Second, Third and Fourth Sacred Wars, demonstrating that the Sacred Land can only have been an issue in the Fourth War of 340-338 BCE, and arguing that only this war was the only one triggered by the Amphictyony. It concludes that at no stage did the Delphic Amphictyony play a significant role in interstate relationships.
Sparrows and Apples: The Unity of Catullus 2
Authors: Harrison Stephen
Published: February 2025

Following the inclinations of recent critics but attempting to provide further literary arguments and a more satisfactory textual solution than those which have previously been offered in modern scholarship, this r article suggests that 2 and 2b should be treated as a syntactical and thematic unit. The sparrow is a love-gift, and that the Renaissance conjecture tam gratum es should be adopted at 2b1.
New Look at Three Inscriptions from Jaffa, Jerusalem, and Gaza
Authors: Lupu Eran
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the results of autopsies of three previously published inscriptions suggesting some new readings.
Column and Coinage of C. Duilius: Innovations in Iconography in Large and Small Media in the Middle Republic
Authors: Kondratieff Eric
Published: February 2025

This examination of C. Duilius (consul in 260 BCE) and his achievements consists of a series of linked hypotheses, each suggested by direct evidence for Duilius' activities and contextualized by near-contemporary precedents (wherever possible) or relevant analogues from slightly later periods. Taken together, these hypotheses suggest that the elogium on Duilius’ rostral column may be read not only as an account of a capable commander who destroyed the myth of Carthaginian supremacy at sea, but also as an encomium on a generous benefactor to Rome’s citizenry. The inscription’s redactor successfully asserted Duilius’ preeminence among his peers, symbolized by the imagery and position of the rostral column commemorating his naval victory that was erected by order of the Senate and Roman people near the Comitium and Rostra. The cumulative evidence also suggests that the inscription’s reference to Duilius’ distribution of ‘naval booty’ to the Roman people involved the conversion of massive amounts of captured bronze, including the rostra removed from Punic ships, into “coinage,” i.e., the brick-sized aes signatum coins dated to c. 260 which bear naval imagery. Thus, by turning a mundane medium of exchange into a vehicle of propaganda through which his exploits and generosity could be ‘broadcast’, Duilius was able to reemphasize his new status as the first Roman celebrate a naval triumph. He could do this because the coins constituted a special triumphal/manubial issue under his authority, and he was therefore not subject to the constraints, real or implied, that kept Rome’s annual moneyers from issuing coins with personally significant types for another 125 years. His sudden emergence as a leading figure in Rome was rewarded with other honors, including a prestigious censorship in 258 and a perpetual personal honor, also bestowed by the SPQR, that allowed him to “triumph” to the end of his long life. 
Gaius Duilius has long been acknowledged as the first Roman to win a sea-battle, the first to celebrate a naval triumph, the first to be honored with a rostral column, and the first to present a gift derived from naval booty to the Roman people. Indeed, he came to be seen primarily as the man who set Rome on the road to maritime expansion and, ultimately, domination of the Mediterranean world. He was remembered also as the first (if not only) man to have a flute-player and wax-torch bearer accompany him home from feasts, as if he were perpetually triumphing. Now, we may add to Duilius’ list of firsts: he was the first politician to utilize Roman coinage to broadcast a new ideology of Rome’s (hoped for) naval greatness and dominance of the Mediterranean; he was also, it seems, the first Roman politician to use coinage as a medium for self-promotion, a century and a quarter before anyone would do it again.
Vegetius on Liburnae: Naval Terminology in the Late Roman Period
Authors: Charles Michael B.
Published: February 2025

The last section of Book 4 of Vegetius’ Epitoma Rei Militaris, generally known as the praecepta belli naualis, is devoted to naval matters. This article looks, in particular, at Vegetius’s ostensibly confusing treatment of liburnae, which has caused several scholars to question the reliability of much of what he wrote regarding warfare at sea. The study argues that, by the Late Empire, the term liburna had come to have multiple meanings. In particular, those meanings differed from the original meaning of liburna, which referred to a lighter type of galley from the Illyrian region, and likely could even encompass vessels propelled exclusively by sail, such as those ships used to transport troops in Mediterranean waters. Indeed, in some cases, Vegetius’s liburna seems to be more or less synonymous with nauis. It emerges that determining the context of Vegetius’s use of liburna is essential with respect to arriving at the utility of the information that he provides throughout his naval praecepta, with the passage of time meaning that his discussion of earlier vessels that he calls liburnae can contain significant misunderstandings of how such galleys were built and functioned.
Zeus the Wife-Beater
Authors: Schaps David M.
Published: February 2025

Wife-beating differs in numerous aspects from violence between men. The altercation between Zeus and Hera in Iliad 1.533-611 shows all the characteristics of modern domestic violence, both in the behavior of the principals and in the reaction of the observers. The accurate portrayal of the situation here, reiterated and developed in two later scenes, indicates that wife-beating was a known and apparently accepted situation in Homer's Greece, though uncomfortable for the observers and always in danger of reaching a level that even Homer's gods would consider abusive.
Civil Reform of Diocletian in the Southern Levant
Authors: Ma'oz Zvi Uri
Published: February 2025

Thirty four boundary stones, marking the fields of two neighboring village, dated 297 C.E., were found in southern Syria, northern Golan and Hula Valey. They are limited to a strip 15 km wide stretching from the foot of Jabal Druze to Kiryat Shmona and are absent from the rest of the Hauran and the environ of Damascus. This distribution has been hitherto fore unexplained. The article suggest that they were part of Diocletian's civil reforms specifically land reclamation in frontier zones between provinces. Other enterprises of Diocletian in the southern Levant, such as water reservoirs and the fair at Tyre are discussed, based on Rabbinic sources. The reclamation took place in a marginal zone unsuitable for cereal cultivation. However, fruit trees (olives and vines) and grazing could exploit the fields and support villages. It is also suggested the emperor built a palace at Baniyas that was partly discovered in archaeological excavations. The connection between Baniyas and Diocletian is also derived from the analysis of various Rabbinic sources.
Some Ioudaio-Lakonian Rabbis
Authors: Amitay Ory
Published: February 2025

Evidence from rabbinic literature gives reason to think that an important rabbinic family from the late first and second centuries CE had strong connections with Sparta. These may be based on Spartan origin, formal relations of proxenia, the involvement of the Augustan-period Spartan adventurer Eurykles, or a combination of one or more explanations.
Honorary Statues as a Means of Public Communication in Iudaea / Syria Palaestina
Authors: Eck Werner
Published: February 2025

The evidence presented in the article, makes it obvious, that the public face of the majority of cities in the province of Iudaea/Syria Palaestina hardly differed from that presented by other urban centers in the Empire. For a long time this was seen differently and explained with the Jewish character of the province. But especially the large excavations not only in Caesarea, but also in Dor, Askelon, Hippos and Scythopolis have shown that the public spaces, be it the fora, the streets and the large porticoes were decorated with honorary statues, not only of emperors, but of representatives of the Roman power, of citizens, members of the Roman army or freedmen. Especially the comprehensive collection of all the inscriptional material in the Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaeae/Palaestinae have shown that the larger centers of the province did not differ from those in the other provinces. It became clear that earlier assumptions had been largely inaccurate. It is to be expected that further excavations will further change our conceptions.
Roman Roads, Physical Remains, Organization and Development
Authors: Isaac Benjamin
Published: February 2025

The paper describes in outline what information will be provided by the collection of milestone inscriptions to be published in the Corpus Inscriptionum Judaeae – Palaestinae. It will include the re-publication of a number of texts that are of broad historical interest. The collection will give a (necessarily incomplete) impression of the development of the system of Roman roads in the province. Part of the inscriptions will be seen as connected with major events in the region, such as large-scale military campaigns. Finally, it will advance the discussion about the question why, in the Roman Empire, public monuments were set up by the government in specific periods and less so in others.
What Did Diodorus Write? Friendship and Literary Criticism at the School of Gaza
Authors: Ciccolella Federica
Published: February 2025

Three of the letters by Procopius of Gaza (ca. 463-ca. 536), the most important representative of the School of Gaza, mention the shoes Procopius received from his friend Diodorus, a lawyer (scholastichos) at Caesarea. A comparison with other letters by Procopius, the fact that he defines Diodorus’s shoes as ‘unrhythmical’ and ‘without Muses’ and, especially, the references to Herodotus and Attic comedy contained in the text suggest that Diodorus’s ‘shoes’ may have been short prose or verse compositions, carelessly written in Attic Greek and in the tone of ancient comedy. A letter to the same Diodorus by another representative of the school, Aeneas of Gaza (450-518), seems to confirm that short compositions with biting contents were circulating among the members of that cultural environment. This paper proposes an intertextual reading of Procopius’s and Aeneas’s letters in order to shed light on the interests and tastes of the Gazan scholars, who were able to express the moral preoccupations of their Judeo-Christian environment using the language and style of ancient Greek literary texts.
Date of III Maccabees: Additional Support for the Roman Period
Authors: Orian Matan
Published: February 2025

The date, and following it, the proper interpretation of the Alexandrian composition known as III Maccabees (henceforth III Macc.) has long been at the center of a debate in research, i.e., whether it should be dated to the Hellenistic period in Egypt, or to the Roman period. This paper suggests that III Macc. was composed not too long after the inauguration of the Herodian Temple in Jerusalem — hence an additional support for its dating to the Roman period.
Roman Senate and the Politics of Religion in the Collectio Avellana (IV-VI Century AD)
Authors: Clemente Guido
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the nature and content of the Collectio Avellana, in order to try to shed some light on the evolution of the Late Antique senate; the CA contains three important dossiers, on the Damasus affair in the second half of the 4th century, on the dispute between Bonifatius and Eulalius in the elections to the bishopric of Rome in 418/9, and the Acacian schism between the end of the 5th and the first decades of the 6th century, involving the great personalities of Gelasius, Ormisdas and the emperor Anastasius. From these dossiers emerges the evolution of the attitude of the senatorial assembly toward religion, and the roles played in over almost two centuries by the main actors, the pope, the emperor and the in the final stage the king of Italy. In the 4th century the senate did not engage directly in religious affairs, nor in doctrinal disputes; the role of the magistrates and of the senate, when called upon by the emperor, was rather in the wake of tradition, keeping order in the city of Rome. In the following centuries the senate, now Christian, became one of the interlocutors of the pope and of the emperor in matters of faith and power inside the church, siding with different factions, and playing a role, both as assembly and as individual senators, in religious politics.
No Arms and the Man? Virgil’s Aeneid in Modern Popular Culture
Authors: Maurice Lisa
Published: February 2025

Perhaps more than any other text, Virgil’s Aeneid has had an impact on Western literature and society.  The reasons for this popularity seem obvious, for it contains all the elements one would want in an enduring tale:  a brave hero, an arduous yet eventually successful journey and quest, a tragic love plot, a people searching for a homeland.  Taken on such a level, it would appear to be perfect material for a Hollywood blockbuster and multiple spin-offs.  Yet to date, there have been remarkably few receptions of the work in modern popular culture, although Troy and the Trojan War continue to thrive, with receptions multiplying across genres and for all age groups.  If Greece was, until recently, in the words of Gideon Nesbit, the neglected ‘dog in the nighttime’ in terms of classical reception and popular culture, Aeneas is the invisible hero, rarely glimpsed at all.  This paper provides a brief overview of the reception of Virgil’s Aeneid in modern popular culture, considering popular fiction, children’s literature, poetry, screen and stage, before making some suggestions about why Virgil’s epic poem has failed to take hold in this culture in the way that Homer’s have, and what this suggests about both the Aeneid and contemporary society.
Broken Sisterhood: The Relationship between Antigone and Ismene in Sophocles’ Antigone
Authors: Hahnemann Carolin
Published: February 2025

This investigation provides textual support for the view that, contrary to the interpretation recently advanced by Bonnie Honig, Antigone rejects Ismene in the prologue and persists in this rejection in the scene before Creon. Building on a pattern observed by Bernard Knox, I show that Sophocles employs dual forms to signal that a speaker is viewing Antigone and Ismene from the perspective of the family, i.e. as a pair of sisters, and contrasting μέν-δέ clauses to signal that a speaker is viewing them from the perspective of the city, i.e. as political agents. As a result, these easily overlooked grammatical markers turn out to serve an important role in the characterization of Antigone, Ismene and Creon, and their changing relationships to one another.
Comparison of Feto-Maternal Outcome in Azithromycin Versus Erythromycin in Management of PPROM; A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sabeen Aslam  , Naushin Farooq  , Maqbool Mishal , Qurrat-ul-Ain  , Shazia Batool  , Sadia Zia
Published: February 2025

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of azithromycin with erythromycin on the duration of latency period till delivery in patients with PPROM.
Methodology: A randomized control trial study was carried out at Department of Obs and Gynae, Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital from May 2023 to May 2024. A total of 210 patients participated in the study equally distributed through lottery method in Group A (n=105) and Group B (n=105). Group A were given Azithromycin 1g once a day till 10 days meanwhile Group B were given Erythromycin 250mg 6 hourly in a day to evaluate the feto-maternal outcome of the drug. Chi Square test was used to compare the neonatal outcomes (birth weight, APGAR scores, NICU admission rates, RDS incidence, and neonatal survival) and maternal outcome (chorioamnionitis and mode of delivery (SVD vs. LSCS) between groups. P-Value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant
Results: The study observed a significantly longer latency period in group A (5.86±5.50) while group B present (2.94±2.43) with p-value (0.0001). Similarly, Group A showed improved outcome in neonates like high APGAR score, reduced NICU admissions and chorioamnionitis rate in the patients.
Conclusion: Azithromycin 1g single-dose therapy is superior to Erythromycin in improving fetomaternal outcomes due to its enhanced convenience and maternal compliance. Its use should be considered a more effective alternative in clinical scenarios requiring antibiotic therapy during pregnancy, emphasizing better maternal and neonatal well-being.
Interrupção de Tratamento de Tuberculose em Usuários de Substâncias Psicoativas, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, de 2016 a 2022
Authors: Zuim Regina Célia Brazolino , Almeida Jacqueline Ramos de , Almeida Aline Ribeiro de
Published: February 2025

O objetivo do trabalho foi de descrever a magnitude da associação entre tuberculose e uso de Substâncias Psicoativas (SPA) e interrupção do tratamento de tuberculose em usuários de SPA, estabelecendo as relações entre eles e os demais casos de tuberculose notificados no estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2016 a 2022. Estudo de coorte retrospectivo com dados do SINAN-TB. Foram encontradas 25.705 (23,8%) notificações de tuberculose em usuários de SPA. O uso de álcool e drogas ilícitas teve associação com desfechos desfavoráveis nos casos novos (drogas ilícitas isoladamente aRC=2,31, IC95%=2,12-2,52), ou em conjunto com álcool (aRC=2,42, IC95%= 2,20-2,67) e nos retratamentos (drogas ilícitas isoladamente aRC=2,10, IC95%=1,83-2,39), ou em conjunto com álcool aRC=1,99 (IC95%=1,73-2,30). O uso isolado de álcool contribuiu para desfechos desfavoráveis em uma proporção menor de casos, tanto nos casos novos (aRC de 1,29, IC95%=1,17-1,43), como nos retratamentos (aRC=1,24, IC95%=1,05-1,47). O uso de SPA está associado a maiores chances de interrupção do tratamento da tuberculose. Entretanto, vulnerabilidades comuns aos doentes de tuberculose, usuários e não usuários de SPA, indica que outros estudos são necessários para esclarecer as associações.
Casos de tuberculose, cura e interrupção de tratamento na População em Situação de Rua, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, de 2016 a 2021: um estudo descritivo com base nos dados de vigilância
Authors: Zuim Regina Célia Brazolino , Almeida Jacqueline Ramos de , Soeiro Ivo
Published: February 2025

Objetiva-se descrever indicadores de monitoramento e avaliação dos casos de tuberculose na População em Situação de Rua do estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período 2016-2021. Estudo descritivo com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan). No período, foram notificados 2965 casos; 1708 (57,6%) casos novos e 1257 (42,4%) retratamentos. As taxas de interrupção do tratamento nos casos novos e retratamentos foram bastante elevadas, respectivamente, 50,3% e 61,1%. A proporção de óbitos também foi elevada nos casos novos e retratamentos, respectivamente, 10,1% e 6,5%. O percentual de confirmação laboratorial de dos casos pulmonares foi cerca de 75% e a cultura universal, como o preconizado, não foi realizada. Foram encontrados baixos percentuais de beneficiários do PTR (7,9%) e de realização do TDO (48,4%). O tratamento da TB na PSR é mais complexo, em comparação com a população em geral e demanda múltiplas estratégias e políticas públicas intersetoriais que considerem suas especificidades.
Lawfulness in secondary use of health data
Authors: Shabani Mahsa , Yilmaz Sami
Published: February 2025

In the recent years the importance of secondary uses of health data for clinical, research and policy making purposes has been further stressed in view of the availability of health-related data collected in traditional and non-traditional settings. However, processing health data - which are sensitive type of personal data - requires adopting adequate legal and ethical protections, to ensure that rights of the data subjects have been respected, while also facilitating responsible access to data. In this paper we aim to shed light on the interplay between the existing and emerging relevant European regulatory frameworks related to data processing, including the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the upcoming Data Governance Act and the legislative proposal for European Health Data Space. In doing that, we will focus mainly on the legal bases for secondary uses of data in view of the overarching princi- ples of data protection.
Meta’s Pay-or-Okay Model
Authors: D'Amico Alessia , Pelekis Dionysios , Teixeira Santos Cristiana , Duivenvoorde Bram
Published: February 2025

Meta introduced its ‘pay-or-okay’ model to respond to heightened requirements as to the way it collects users’ personal data for targeted advertising. This model entails giving users two options: paying for a tracking-free service or giving consent to personal data processing including targeted ads. While this resulted from the Meta ruling, in which the CJEU set out the requirements for freely given consent, this solution has caused a new wave of criticism, questioning whether it complies with EU law. More specifically, it raises potential concerns under data protection, consumer law, competition law and the Digital Markets Act. This paper analyses what issues this conduct creates under these areas of EU law and assesses the overall legality of the pay-or-okay model.
Smart Contracts: Tales of Trust and Certainty
Authors: Mik Eliza
Published: February 2025

Given the continuing fascination with “magic computers” and “self-executing code,” it is necessary to re-examine the promises – and premises - of technology-driven improvements to transacting practices purportedly introduced by smart contracts. Contrary to the popular narrative, smart contracts do not eliminate the need for trust and are technically incapable of guaranteeing performance. The fascination with clear and unbreakable rules that are executed by code obfuscates the fact that such rules may be suboptimal and may incorrectly represent what was agreed. It also obscures the fact that it is impossible to write perfect code. Being in plain view and impossible to modify, changes nothing in this regard. Trust and certainty do not magically emerge from immutability or transparency. Regulatory efforts in this area must be based on facts, not fairy tales.
Advancements in Gene Structure Prediction:
Innovation and Prospects of Deep Learning Models Apply in Multi-species
Authors: Wang Tong , Yang Jing-Min , Xu Ting , Teng Yuanyin , Miao Yuqing , Wu Ming
Published: February 2025

In recent years, advancements in gene structure prediction have been significantly driven by the integration of deep learning technologies into bioinformatics. Transitioning from traditional thermodynamics and comparative genomics methods to modern deep learning-based models such as CDSBERT, DNABERT, RNA-FM, and PlantRNA-FM prediction accuracy and generalization have seen remarkable improvements. These models, leveraging genome sequence data along with secondary and tertiary structure information, have facilitated diverse applications in studying gene functions across animals, plants, and humans. They also hold substantial potential for multi-application in early disease diagnosis, personalized treatment, and genomic evolution research. This review combines traditional gene structure prediction methods with advancements in deep learning, showcasing applications in functional region annotation, protein-RNA interactions, and cross-species genome analysis. It highlights their contributions to animal, plant, and human disease research while exploring future opportunities in cancer mutation prediction, RNA vaccine design, and CRISPR gene editing optimization. The review also emphasizes future directions, such as model refinement, multimodal integration, and global collaboration. By offering a concise overview and forward-looking insights, this article aims to provide a foundational resource and practical guidance for advancing nucleic acid structure prediction research.
AI Perspectives on the Present and Future of Antidepressant Pharmaceutical Treatment Based on Anti-inflammatory Strategies: A Scoping Review of Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Bo Yan , Chen Yifei , Liang Hsu Yi , Zhao Fengjiao , Wu Ming , Wang Youwei , Sha Ren
Published: February 2025

Recently, a novel concept of 'anti-inflammatory-based pharmacotherapy' has been developed. The aim of this scoping review was precisely to explore in depth the current status of inflammation in randomised controlled clinical trial studies of depression. PubMed was systematically searched from inception to December 11 2024. Studies that researches on the treatment of depression based on anti-inflammatory strategies were included. Study characteristics and outcomes were extracted and organized thematically. 11 reports of randomised controlled clinical trials were included, which accumulated 119 depressed patients. All studies found that there is a connection between the effects of anti-inflammatory drugs in treating depression and a large decrease in the levels of inflammatory markers in the blood of depressed patients compared to before treatment. Three inflammatory markers, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-alpha, were the most frequently mentioned. The current strategy of anti-inflammatory drug administration did not differ fundamentally from the previous strategy of traditional antidepressant drugs combined with psychotherapy. At present, the use of anti-inflammatory strategies for the pharmacological treatment of depression has limited research value and poor feasibility. The potential value and feasibility of future research lies in the application of an integrated AI platform to assist pharmacological treatment of depression based on anti-inflammatory strategies. Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/A64GC
The microbiome and breast cancer
Authors: Boulin Tiphaine , Moody Hannah
Published: February 2025

The human microbiome, all the microbes and their genes found in the human body, plays a key role in influencing health and the development of diseases. The role of the gut microbiome has been extensively studied in relation to breast cancer risk, showing that dysbiosis, an imbalance in bacterial composition or distribution, of the gut microbiota is linked to a higher risk of breast cancer through different mechanisms. Other microbiomes and breast cancer risk are being studied, such as the breast, breast skin and oral microbiomes; however, to date, the strongest links identified are with the gut microbiome.
Strategisk uddannelsesledelse og meningsskabelse på universitetet
Authors: Hjort-Madsen Peder , Duemose Gitte
Published: February 2025

Uddannelsesledelse på universiteterne er mange ting og foregår på mange niveauer i organisationen. Uddannelsesledelse er alt fra den øverste ledelses beslutninger om universitetets strategiske retning til uddannelseslederen for en enkelt uddannelse, der i fællesskab med kolleger finder ud af, hvordan næste semesters undervisning skal fordeles. Uddannelsesledelse på alle niveauer af universitet er en betingelse for udvikling af uddannelserne, for den pædagogiske praksis og det, der foregår mellem undervisere og studerende i undervisning og vejledning. Derfor er det interessant at se nærmere på, hvordan uddannelsesledelse bedrives, og hvordan ledere af uddannelse navigerer i en kompleks organisatorisk kontekst med mange (ofte modsatrettede) krav. Denne faglige artikel tager afsæt i interviews med uddannelsesledere og sætter fokus på, hvordan ledere af uddannelse arbejder med meningsskabelse (som er et begreb hentet fra ledelsesteoretikeren Karl Weick) og strategisk ledelse, hvor uddannelseslederne bidrager med at gøre forandringer meningsfulde for underviserne og andre kolleger. Artiklen kan være en hjælp til den nyudpegede/nyansatte leder af uddannelse, men også for administrativt og videnskabeligtansatte som samarbejder med uddannelsesledere om at forandre universitetsuddannelserne.
Toward a Systematic Approach to Developing Professional Roles: What Writing Tutors Need to Know and Know How to Do
Authors: Knorr Dagmar , Edlich Micha Gerrit Philipp
Published: February 2025

The ability to write well in academic context is usually the result of a long and uneven learning process that requires commitment, persistence, and, ideally, formal training. Professionals tasked with supporting academic writers, for example writing center staff or peer writing tutors, not only are expected to write well but also need to learn how to facilitate the individual development of their clients. To prepare peer tutors for this role, many writing centers have developed training programs. Contributing to the literature on this specific dimension of writing center work, this article introduces a design of a training program that considers the different knowledges that writing tutors need to have so that they can support their clients. Based on the Systemization Writing Consultations, this program identifies key educational objectives for new tutors and prepares participants for further systematic individual development over the course of the training and beyond. Emphasizing the importance of reflection in this respect, this article discusses several approaches and strategies that allow participants to reflect on their writing and their future role as peer writing tutors. The training discussed here is not only of interest to writing center directors and staff but also to professionals in similar contexts tasked with designing and running programs and interventions geared toward the long-term development of professional skills and roles.
Muttersprachlicher Transfer bei Autorenrollen in L2-Texten? Eine vergleichende Korpusanalyse am Beispiel der Selbstdarstellung
Authors: Wu Zekun
Published: February 2025

Wissenschaftliches Schreiben ist ein hochgradig sozialer Akt. Dabei nutzen Autor*innen verschiedene diskursive Mittel der Selbstdarstellung, um ihre Autorenrollen zu konstruieren und Anerkennung in der akademischen Gemeinschaft zu erlangen. Die Studie analysiert korpusbasiert die Selbstdarstellung und Autorenrollen chinesischer Deutschstudierender in den Schlussteilen deutschsprachiger Masterarbeiten im Vergleich zu deutschen und chinesischen Autor*innen mit ihren jeweiligen muttersprachlichen Texten. Es wird festgestellt, dass chinesische Deutschstudierende und deutsche Muttersprachler*innen sowohl Gemeinsamkeiten als auch Unterschiede in Bezug auf die Autorenrolle aufweisen. Dabei spielt der muttersprachliche Transfer eine Rolle. Darüber hinaus können die Ergebnisse als Empfehlungsgrundlage für chinesische Deutschlernende beim wissenschaftlichen Schreiben dienen.
Schreibende Professionals – Typologie einer Zielgruppe für Weiterbildungen im beruflichen Schreiben
Authors: Marek Stefanie
Published: February 2025

Professional writing competence is considered a key prerequisite for professional and societal participation across industries. Unlike professional writers in fields such as journalism, technical writing, or public relations, the majority of the approximately 40 million employed individuals in Germany do not receive advanced professional writing training after completing their school and vocational education – yet they are writing professionals. In German writing studies and didactics, this group has been scarcely studied or described, despite an apparent need for training and research. This article presents qualitative and quantitative characteristics of this population group based on an analysis of linguistic literature and demographic statistics, to identify gaps in the existing research. The description of this group serves as a foundation for further research into writing at work and for the development of professional writing pedagogy
Entrepreneurial Framework Conditions and Economic Growth: Insights from Middle-Income Economies
Authors: Matenda Frank Ranganai , Chirima Justin , Sibanda Mabutho
Published: February 2025

This article implements correlation analysis and a fixed effects model to assess the influence of entrepreneurial framework conditions (EFCs) on economic growth in middle-income countries. The implemented panel data set for EFCs is unearthed from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor website and that for gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, a surrogate for economic growth, is extracted from the World Bank website over the observation period 2001 – 2021. We have discovered that there are statistically significant positive correlations between GDP per capita and ‘entrepreneurial finance’ and ‘post-school entrepreneurial education and training’, and statistically significant negative correlations between GDP per capita and ‘taxes and bureaucracy’, ‘internal market openness’, and ‘physical and service infrastructure’. Moreover, we have exposed that EFCs positively and significantly impact economic growth in middle-income countries. This article contributes to the discourse on the connection between economic growth and conditions for entrepreneurship in middle-income economies. As a recommendation, policymakers should consider EFCs when developing policies to kindle economic growth in middle-income economies. Further, the study results could assist policymakers in selecting and applying suitable measures to eradicate the impediments in the businesses where entrepreneurs operate.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF PERCEIVED CORRUPTION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH USING THE GLS MODEL
Authors: Kelić Vasko , Ostojić Ivana , Jovanović Predrag
Published: February 2025

Researchers not only dissent on what effect corruption has on economic growth but also whether this effect holds in different institutional contexts. Some economists argue that corruption can stimulate economic growth in environments with poor governance and ineffective institutions (such as those in the Western Balkans region), while others suggest otherwise. This paper aims to investigate the relationship between perceived corruption and GDP per capita change in ten European countries from 2012 to 2021. Our goal is to examine whether non-EU Western Balkans countries, characterised by ineffective governance and underdeveloped institutions, are more or less sensitive to corruption compared to more developed European countries. To obtain robust estimates, we employ a feasible generalised least squares estimation method (GLS). Besides showing a negative effect on the full sample, our analysis confirms different intensities of corruption impact on economic growth under the two governance regimes. The research suggests that the negative effect of corruption is stronger in countries with developed institutions (EU countries). We find that the impact of corruption on economic growth in such countries amounts to up to 1.94 percent drop in GDP per capita after a one-unit rise in corruption level, while the one in non-EU WB countries stands at a maximum of 0.75 percent decrease. Compared to earlier findings, ours are characterised by the focus on Western Balkans countries, the inclusion of more recent data and a more comprehensive pre-estimation analysis.
THE IMPACT OF HOUSEHOLD DEPOSITS ON BANK CREDIT ACTIVITIES: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Krunić Gorana
Published: February 2025

Credit activities of banks are significantly conditioned by the level of bank deposits as the main source of bank financing, especially for banks operating in underdeveloped financial markets. A notably significant part of the bank deposit base comprises household deposits, which in the banking sectors of the Western Balkan countries have a considerable share of total deposits. This paper investigates the dependence of bank lending activities on the total household deposits in the banking sectors of the Western Balkan countries. The research was conducted for the period from 2000 to 2021 for the banking sectors in Republika Srpska and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, for the period from 2002 to 2021 for the banking sector in Montenegro and for the period from 2003 to 2019 for the banking sector in Serbia. The level of total loans in banks represents the dependent variable, while household deposits in the observed banking sectors represent independent variables. This research has also opened some new directions in research work in terms of the intensity of the factors that can contribute to the growth of household deposits as a source of financing bank lending activities in the Western Balkan countries.