bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
哈密玉峰矽卡岩型铅锌矿床“三位一体”找矿预测模型构建
Authors: 孙 海微
Published: April 2020

玉峰铅锌矿床位于新疆哈密市双井子乡。该矿床主要矿体的产出严格受花岗闪长斑岩外接触带的石榴子石矽卡岩控制,在野外观察、岩矿鉴定、岩石全分析等综合研究的基础上,总结了矿区地质特征、矿床特征、主要元素特征,认为玉峰铅锌矿成矿地质体具富硅、高分异特征、铝不饱和、准铝质到弱过铝质及弧岩浆岩特征。初步建立了玉峰矽卡岩型铅锌矿床“三位一体”找矿预测模型及找矿标志,通过分析认为该区找矿潜力较大。
GNSS测绘技术的特点及其在工程测绘中运用
Authors: 刘 欣
Published: April 2020

GNSS技术是一种全新的工程测绘手段,是通过运行全球导航卫星系统展开工作,对于采用传统测量技术无法解决的问题都予以有效解决。本文从介绍GNSS测绘技术的概念入手,列举出其四个主要特点,对其在工程测绘中的实际应用进行详细研究。
3S技术精准化调查在第三次土地调查中的应用研究
Authors: 卢 江妹
Published: April 2020

开展第三次土地调查,对贯彻落实最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度,提升国土资源管理精准化水平,支撑和促进经济社会可持续发展等均具有重要意义。第三次土地调查是一项艰巨的国家大工程,三调的进行是有组织、有计划、有规范的进行,需要我们根据外业调查、从影像分析多方面结合起来判定,这个复杂程度大于其他行业。国家第三次土地调查的主要目标是掌握全面的土地利用与土地资源变化情况,所以掌握准确且真实的数据成为精确调查中不容或缺的内容。3S技术的有效应用,不仅可以满足第三次土地调查精准化测量的要求,也能够构建完善的3S技术精准化调查体系,提高调查有效性。3S技术的成熟发展,为我们实现土地调查精准化提供了保障。相信未来的时间里,3S技术将会走向更加成熟的地步,将应用到我们生活的方方面面。在本文中主要分析了3S技术在土地调查中的应用,研究了3S技术精准化调查的内容,旨在为第三次土地调查提供理论基础。仅供参考。
无人机高精度倾斜摄影技术在地籍测量工作中的可用性探讨
Authors: 王 良民 , 谢 玉磊 , 吴 芳
Published: April 2020

地籍测量是国土测绘行业的常用手段,而传统的地籍测绘手段流程复杂、工作强度大、使用成本高,因此越来越不符合现代测绘行业对效率和精度的要求。而本文则提出了一种使用无人机进行高精度倾斜摄影进行地籍测量的方式,采用无人机摄影的方式对该地区进行了地籍测量。结果表明采用无人机测量的方式更省时间,且工作强度显著降低,测量精度与传统的方式无异,因此可以作为地籍测量的新方法。
房屋产权产籍档案的数字信息化管理探讨
Authors: 张 建
Published: April 2020

在现代化社会的快速发展中,我国开始大力建设数字城市,房屋产权产籍档案管理呈现出信息化、网络化的特点,在很大程度上提升了房地产行业管理的整体水平。房屋产权产籍档案管理部门需要借助资源优势,将数字城市和房地产信息进行融合,如房屋数字、房屋结构、房屋分布和小区环境等,为人民群众提供更多优质服务,实现房地产产业的持续、稳定发展,文章主要对房屋产权产籍档案的数字信息化管理进行了分析。
无人机遥感技术在测绘工程测量中的应用及优化
Authors: 程 江勇
Published: April 2020

在现代化社会的快速发展中,无人机飞控系统日益成熟,现已在各个行业的发展中得到了有效应用。无人机遥感技术是遥感发展的重要趋势之一,其具有成本低、数据获取、采集、处理快等优势,在获取遥感技术中发挥着重要作用。无人机遥感技术在测绘工程中的应用,能够有效地避免各项不利因素带来的影响,在很大程度上提升了测绘工程测量的整体质量,文章主要对无人机遥感技术在测绘工程测量中的应用及优化进行了分析。
新测绘技术在农村土地整治工作中的应用
Authors: 龚 兴云
Published: April 2020

在社会发展中,土地整治是非常重要一部分。为了更好地对土地进行整治,通过新测绘技术应用,可以更好地提升测量的精确度。所以需要加强新测绘技术研究,更好促进新测绘技术在土地整治中应用具有重要意义。本文主要对新测绘技术在土地整理工作中的具体运用进行了阐述,以供参考。
“联合测绘”中建筑面积测绘相关问题的探讨
Authors: 师 洪艳
Published: April 2020

按照建设工程验收涉及的测绘工作,实行“一次委托、联合测绘、成果共享”的思路,不得重复审核和要求建设单位或者个人多次提交对同一标的物的测绘成果。建筑工程的竣工验收面积测绘和房屋产权登记测绘工作将合并为一项工作,出具一份面积测绘报告。但两种测绘工作长期以来由于执行规范的不一致,面积存在差异。本文将联合测绘对两项工作的新要求以及面积差异的原因进行分析探讨。
无人机航空摄影测量技术在城镇地籍测量中的应用
Authors: 陈 阡然
Published: April 2020

在城市化建设日益推进的大背景下,城镇地籍测量显示的重要性日益突显出来,无人机航空摄影技术是一项新型技术,改善了传统航空摄影和卫星遥感摄影的不足,这项技术具有大比例、高清晰、小面积等优势,为城镇地籍测量工作的顺利实施提供了信息支持,在城镇地籍工作中发挥着重要作用,测量技术人员需要掌握无人机航空摄影测量技术的相关内容,文章主要对无人机航空摄影测量技术在城镇地籍测量中的应用进行了分析。
地籍测绘在国土资源管理中的作用
Authors: 周 斌
Published: April 2020

国土资源的管理对于我国来说是一项非常重要的工作,其中地籍测绘是国土资源管理当中至关重要的一部分。在各种基础建设的项目当中,只有拥有较为准确的信息才能够实现对我国国土资源的有效的管理。本文主要探讨了地籍测绘在国土资源管理当中的重要作用。
倾斜摄影测量技术在大比例尺地形图测绘中的应用
Authors: 陈 才坤 , 林 良基 , 黄 涛
Published: April 2020

城市大比例尺地形图测绘主要采用全野外数字化测量方法,效率低、劳动强度大。本文介绍了斜摄影测量技术在1:500地形图测绘项目中的实际应用,证明了在大比例尺地形图测绘工程中使用倾斜摄影测量技术的可靠性；对比传统测量手段,指出了倾斜摄影测量的优缺点所在,并对倾斜摄影测量技术的未来提出了展望。
全站仪支导线在井下测量中的精度估算与布测
Authors: 刘 鑫 , 张 小龙
Published: April 2020

全站测定分析仪是属于一个电子式经纬测定仪,其融合了电子式距离测定用以读出由设备到专属点之间的斜距,以及车载式微型计算机采集相关工程数据并实施高等坐标系运算。机器人操作的自动化全站测试仪可由操作人员借助于遥控装置来远程操控相关设备。因为操作人员可把持后视反射器且由观察点位置来把控此全站分析仪,故此不必配置相关的助理操作员。在矿山工程测定中利用全站测定仪能够大幅度提升矿山工程勘测的功效及品质。文章针对全站仪支导线在井下测量中的精度问题进行研究,首先阐述全站仪的应用特点,其次对当前应用中全站仪的误差形式进行分析,最后从调整偏心差、消除仪器误差、规范测量方式与流程等方面提出强化全站仪测量精度的优化措施,希望对相关研究人员提供一定的参考与借鉴。
城市复杂排水管线点埋深的测量精度探讨
Authors: 周 文建 , 沈 炳炳
Published: April 2020

排水管线是都市主要基本设施,和人们身体里面的血管很相似,每天给城市供给主要能量,确保城市顺利运转。而城市里面的排水管线就像是血管当中的主要动脉,只有确保它的顺畅才能保证城市有序发展,并充满生命力,居民生活更加安稳。因此把握精确、可靠、整体的排水管线数据拥有关键意义。通过解析探索某城市排水设备调查数据,发现当井下情况很繁杂的时候,《城市地下管线探测规则》对显著管线点埋深的测量精确度规定已经落伍。本文简单介绍了构建城市供水管线数据的重要性和探索方法,并且描述了供水管线检测当中出现的问题,最终给强化供水管线管控探查提供了一些意见。
综采工作面出架空间锚网索支护技术的研究与应用
Authors: 张 斌
Published: April 2020

孤岛工作面停采撤退是煤矿安全生产的一个难题,如何有效解决这一难题成为矿井生产必须面临的一个现实,煤峪口矿经过对孤岛工作面停采支护设计进行分析,形成了一套完整的多煤柱下近距离煤层开采技术,在实践中应用后取得了巨大成功,取得了良好的社会和经济效益。
城市地下管线测量及探测技术分析
Authors: 丁 彪
Published: April 2020

本文对我国城市化建设进程中的地下管线测量工作和采用的相关探测技术进行了分析和探讨,针对各项施工特点和测量方法进行了详细的说明,希望能够对城市化发展进程起到促进作用。
UPSTART与全站仪相结合在物探测量中的实践分析
Authors: 窦 芳明
Published: April 2020

文章主要研究探析了GPS-RTK与全站仪相结合在物探测量中的应用,首先详细分析了GPS-RTK测量技术定位方法和坐标转换,之后介绍了全站仪测量的原理,最后探讨了GPS-RTK与全站仪相结合在物探测量中的应用途径,主要包括三个方面：测设控制点、碎部测量点的施测、检验测量成果,其中检验测量成果又包括两个方面的内容：检核控制点和检核碎部点。通过以上几个方面的分析和探讨,希望能够为以后相关方面的研究工作提供一些帮助和参考。
探讨控制测绘工程技术精度的策略
Authors: 李 玉祝
Published: April 2020

在现代技术发展过程中,各行业与测绘工程技术的关联性不断提升,对于测绘工程技术的精度要求比较高。尽管测绘工程技术精度有所提升,然而针对部分行业来说,在实际应用时还需不断提升技术精度,为工程测绘提供精准的地理信息资料,全面提升测绘工程技术精度,以此满足社会发展需求。
Effect of Bibliotherapy on Truant Behaviour of Schooling Adolescents in North West Nigeria
Authors: Bashir Isiaku Wada , Ngozi Adama Grace , Chimezie Nwankwo Benedict , Baba Abida Ahmad , Muaz Ali Tamasi , Chikodi Onu, Victoria , Onyemaechi Nweke Prince
Published: April 2020

The study investigated the effect of bibliotherapy on the truant behaviour of schooling adolescents in North West Nigeria. Two research questions were posed to guide the study. The study adopted a Quasi-experimental design. The population for the study comprised of 824 identified SSII schooling adolescents with truancy behavioural problems drawn from the four selected schools in the North West Nigeria. The sample size used for the study was 296 SS II schooling adolescents with truant behaviour. The study adopted a structured questionnaire which was developed by the researchers for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts drawn from Department of Educational Foundations (Special Education Unit), University of Nigeria, Nsukka; Department of Educational Psychology and Counselling, Aminu Kano College of Islamic and Legal Studies, Kano State and Department of Psychology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria. The reliability of the instruments was subjected to Cronbach Alpha Statistics and reliability coefficient of 0.91 was obtained. Mean score and standard deviation were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that school location is not a significant factor in the mean truancy behaviour of schooling adolescents; though urban schooling adolescents had a reduced mean truancy behaviour compared to their rural counterpart. The findings of the study with respect to the interaction effect of treatments and gender on schooling adolescents’ truancy behaviours revealed no significant interaction effect of treatments and gender. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that special educators, guidance counsellors, educational psychologists, and curriculum planners should plan a programme of intervention based on the bibliotherapy techniques for schooling adolescents.
Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Supervisi Akademik terhadap Peningkatan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru di SDN Margorejo VI/524 dan SDN Baratajay
Authors: Rohmi Fauriza , Nafiah Nafiah
Published: April 2020

The Effect of Academic Supervision to Improve Pedagogy Competency of Teacher of Margorejo VI/524 Elementary School and Baratajaya Elementary School of Surabaya. The headmaster is fully responsible for organizing education with teachers as class teachers. Teachers are required to master four competencies, one of which is pedagogical competence. However, not all teachers master these competencies, so it is the responsibility of the headmaster to conduct academic supervision. The activity is carried out in the form of class meetings / visits. Therefore, teachers can improve their pedagogical competencies. Researchers are interested in conducting research that aims to analyze the existence of academic supervision in SDN Margorejo VI / 524 and SDN Baratajaya Surabaya. Both schools are located in Surabaya. In addition, the study was conducted also, with the aim to examine the effect of the implementation of academic supervision on the pedagogical competence of teachers by using descriptive quantitative research methods and Spearman rank correlation with ordinal scale data. The population of the two schools is 102 respondents. Sample is 81 respondents with an error level of 0.05. Observation with a questionnaire that has proven as valid and reliable. The analysis by using SPSS 21. The study used two data analysis techniques, namely descriptive analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis. The results showed that the two schools had carried out academic supervision activities to improve teacher pedagogical competence. The results obtained were 0.608 which means that the category is very good and good and classified as moderate correlation, with a significant correlation value of 0,000 <0.05. So the hypothesis in this study that H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected.
gambaran penanaman nilai-nilai antikorupsi di sekolah dasar islam sunan ampel II sidoarjo
Authors: Izza Aqidatul , Mustofa
Published: April 2020

Pendidikan antikorupsi adalah usaha yang diterapkan di suatu lembaga pendidikan untuk membentuk mental atau karakter siswa antikorupsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penanaman nilai-nilai antikorupsi di Sekolah Dasar Islam Sunan Ampel II Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini bersifat empris dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan data dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Kegiatan wawancara dilakukan dengan 3 narasumber yakni kepala sekolah dan 2 guru. Sedangkan pelaksanaan observasi dilakukan peneliti selama 4 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sekolah Dasar Islam Sunan Ampel II Sidoarjo telah menerapkan nilai-nilai anti korupsi yang ditunjukkan dengan penerapan 9 (Sembilan) nilai anti korupsi yaitu kejujuran, kemandirian, keberanian, keadilan, kesederhanaan, kepedulian, kerja keras, tanggungjawab, dan kedisiplinan.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPEMIMPINAN PEMBELAJARAN KEPALA SEKOLAH, KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS-TOLERAN SISWA MUSLIM DI SEKOLAH MULTIKULTURAL
Authors: Ubaidillah Aan Fardani , Bafadal Ibrahim , Ulfatin Nurul , Supriyanto Achmad
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara kepemimpinan pembelajaran kepala sekolah, kompetensi pedagogik guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) dan karakter religius-toleran siswa muslim di sekolah multikultural. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian deskriptif-korelasional. instrumen penelitian menggunakan angket yang disebarkan kepada guru dan siswa pada sampel terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan, kepemimpinan pembelajaran kepala sekolah berpengaruh terhadap karakter religius-toleran siswa muslim. Secara tidak langsung variabel kepemimpinan pembelajaran tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap karakter religius-toleran siswa muslim melalui variabel kompetensi pedagogik guru PAI.
Esfuerzo-beneficio: vida en los repositorios como usuario y como aportador
Authors: Rodrigo Cámara José María
Published: April 2020

La disponibilidad actual de numerosos repositorios institucionales abiertos ha creado una forma de trabajar que se beneficia del acceso inmediato a las fuentes y de la rentabilización del tiempo que eso supone. Por otra parte la sobreabundacia de datos disponibles, obliga a su manejo y selección, y al esfuerzo y dedicación de quienes aportan contenidos.
Правова система в контексті еволюції соціологічного розуміння права
Authors: МОСКАЛЕНКО ОЛЕКСАНДР
Published: April 2020

На сучасному етапі розвитку суспільства все частіше виникає розуміння необхідності переходу до вивчення соціологічної природи права та його ролі у забезпеченні необхідних соціальних результатів. Метою статті є висвітлення зв’язку концепції правової системи з соціологічним розумінням права, а також трансформації поглядів на сутність і функції правової системи в контексті розвитку соціології права від початку ХХ ст. до сьогодні. У статті розглядається концепція правової системи з позицій соціологічного розу міння права у контексті історико-правового дискурсу, який відображає розвиток як соціології права за останні 100 років, так і еволюцію соціологічного розуміння сутності правової системи, зв’язок останньої з іншими соціальними підсистемами, її структуру і функції. У статті пропонується аналіз поглядів представників найбільш відомих шкіл соціології права. Зокрема, серед представників європейських учених особлива увага приділяється представникам німецької (М. Вебер та Є. Ерліх) та французької (Е. Дюркгейм, Л. Дюгі) шкіл соціології права. Відзначається той зв’язок між розвитком правової системи та змінами парадигми розвитку суспіль них відносин, який свого часу підкреслювали представники обох зазначених шкіл. Серед інших цікавих ідей слід виокремити думку щодо зменшення ролі держави як регулятора суспільних відносин, пов’язану з розвитком приватноправової сфери та громадянського суспільства, яку свого часу запропонував Л. Дюгі. Аналізуючи праці представників американської школи соціології права (Б. Кардозо, Р. Паунд, К. Ллевеллін), підкреслюється зв’язок правової системи з процедурами здійснення правосуддя та судовою системою як такою, що являє собою механізм двостороннього зв’язку між правом та іншими соціальними підсистемами, який, зі свого боку, забезпечує відповідність розвитку правової системи швидким змінам постіндустріального суспільства. Головним висновком статті є теза про те, що, аналізуючи право як основну регулятивну систему суспільних відносин, теоретики соціології права підкреслюють різноманітні й багатогранні зв’язки правової системи з іншими соціальними феноменами. Розуміння ж правової системи як системи юридичних комунікацій підкреслює необхідність усвідомлення проблематики особливого статусу інституцій і тих підстав, які уповноважують ці інституції для створення відповідної системи комунікацій.
Проблема невиконання судових рішень як порушення права власності у практиці Європейського суду з прав людини. Український аспект. Від Hornsby до Ivanov
Authors: ЛІЩИНА ІВАН
Published: April 2020

Право власності, закріплене в ст. 1 Першого протоколу до Конвенції про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод (Конвенція), у разі визнання Євро пейським судом з прав людини (ЄСПЛ) його порушення, призводить до призначення найбільш значних розмірів справедливої компенсації. При цьому така форма порушення цього права, як невиконання судових рішень, становить найбільш серйозну проблему серед тих, що були констатовані ЄСПЛ стосовно України.

Мета статті – вивчити історичні та теоретичні засади виникнення і розвитку практики ЄСПЛ щодо невиконання судових рішень як порушення права власності, перехід фокусу суду з законодавчих та адміністративних перешкод щодо виконання судових рішень проти приватних осіб на невиконання рішень проти державних орга нів і підприємств у в’язку з браком коштів у бюджеті. Особливу увагу приділено різновидам порушень права на виконання судових рішень, притаманних Україні, зокрема, відсутність коштів на виконання соціальних обов’язків держави та законодавчо встановлених мораторіїв на виконання рішень проти державних підприємств.

Автор робить висновок, що невиконання судового рішення становить порушення ст. 1 Першого протоколу до Конвенції тільки тоді, коли таке невиконання пов’язане з державою. Невиконання рішення проти приватної особи у зв’язку з відсутністю в останньої коштів, порушенням ЄСПЛ, імовірніше за все, не буде. Державне втручання у виконання судового рішення може мати дві форми: а) обме ження чи заборона примусового виконання рішення або б) відсутність коштів у держави, коли рішення ухвалено безпосередньо проти її органу.

Пілотні рішення щодо невиконань Росією (Burdov 2) та Молдовою (Olaru) мали успіх, вимагаючи для Росії прийняття одного закону про компенсацію за тривале невиконання рішень та для Молдови – скасування одного закону про безоплатне надання житла та встановлення компенсації. Водночас Ivanov, який не пропонував конкретних методів вирішення проблеми та приводив до єдиного знаменника різні за суттю форми невиконання судових рішень, успіху не мав та, здається, був прийнятий завчасно.
Antropojenik Jeomorfoloji Kapsamında Rölyefin Değişim Analizi: Ataşehir (İstanbul) Örneği
Authors: UZUN Murat
Published: April 2020

Jeomorfolojik unsurlar çeşitli dinamik süreçlerle şekillenmekteyken, insanoğlunun bu sürece dâhil olması farklı boyutlarda değişimlerin meydana gelmesine neden olmuş ve antropojenik jeomorfoloji kavramının ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada da farklı etkenlerle antropojenik jeomorfoloji unsurlarının gözlemlenebildiği İstanbul-Ataşehir ilçesi örneğinde, eski -yeni topografik verilerin Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ile karşılaştırması sonucu ortaya çıkan farklı rölyef değişim analizleri ve bu değişimde rol oynayan antropojenik birimlerle neden-sonuç ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada rölyef değişimi ve antropojenik etki faktörlerinin belirlenmesi için birçok aşamadan oluşan sistematik uygulanmıştır. Uydu görüntüleri ile Ataşehir’de arazi kullanım durumu ve değişen koşullar tespit edilmiş, rölyef değişimi ise geçmiş ve günümüze ait sayısal yükselti modeli üzerinden üç farklı aşamada analiz edilerek karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda ise belirlenen birçok rölyef değişim analizi, antropojenik faktör birimleri ve alt parametreleriyle korelasyon analizine tabi tutulmuş ve aralarındaki ilişki açıklanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, gözlemlenebilir olarak ilçenin % 29’unda rölyef değişimi tespit edilirken farklı analizlere göre mikro ve makro ölçekte arazinin birçok noktasında topografik yüzey yeniden tanzim edilerek değiştirilmiştir.
Crop Response to Low Phosphorus Bioavailability with a Focus on Tomato
Authors: Dixon Mary , Simonne Eric , Obreza Thomas , Liu Guodong
Published: April 2020

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a high-value crop that has potential to enhance its P-use efficiency. While phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient, supplies are finite and much of the P supply in agricultural soils is not bioavailable after application due to reactions such as soil adsorption, immobilization, or precipitation. Low-P bioavailability results in reduced growth, so plants may mobilize soil-bound P by altering root morphology, exuding root-derived compounds, or forming symbiosis with microorganisms. This review discusses (i) the significance of P in plants and agroecosystems, (ii) within-plant response to changing P bioavailabilities, and (iii) strategies to enhance P-acquisition efficiency (PAE). Phosphorus forms fluctuate in the soil and potential approaches to increase the bioavailable pool of P may focus on processes such as desorption, mineralization, or dissolving precipitated P-compounds. To enhance these processes, roots may alter their spatial arrangement, exude protons to acidify the rhizosphere, exude carboxylates to solubilize bound-P, exude phosphatase to mineralize organic P, or enhance symbiosis with native microbes. High PAE allows for use of accumulated soil P as opposed to relying on fertilizer application to meet crop demand.
Optimizing Gaussian Process Regression for Image Time Series Gap-Filling and Crop Monitoring
Authors: Belda Santiago , Pipia Luca , Morcillo-Pallarés Pablo , Verrelst Jochem
Published: April 2020

Image processing entered the era of artificial intelligence, and machine learning algorithms emerged as attractive alternatives for time series data processing. Satellite image time series processing enables crop phenology monitoring, such as the calculation of start and end of season. Among the promising algorithms, Gaussian process regression (GPR) proved to be a competitive time series gap-filling algorithm with the advantage of, as developed within a Bayesian framework, providing associated uncertainty estimates. Nevertheless, the processing of time series images becomes computationally inefficient in its standard per-pixel usage, mainly for GPR training rather than the fitting step. To mitigate this computational burden, we propose to substitute the per-pixel optimization step with the creation of a cropland-based precalculations for the GPR hyperparameters θ . To demonstrate our approach hardly affects the accuracy in fitting, we used Sentinel-2 LAI time series over an agricultural region in Castile and Leon, North-West Spain. The performance of image reconstructions were compared against the standard per-pixel GPR time series processing. Results showed that accuracies were on the same order (RMSE 0.1767 vs. 0.1564 [ m 2 / m 2 ] , 12% RMSE degradation) whereas processing time accelerated about 90 times. We further evaluated the alternative option of using the same hyperparameters for all the pixels within the complete scene. It led to similar overall accuracies over crop areas and computational performance. Crop phenology indicators were also calculated for the three different approaches and compared. Results showed analogous crop temporal patterns, with differences in start and end of growing season of no more than five days. To the benefit of crop monitoring applications, all the gap-filling and phenology indicators retrieval techniques have been implemented into the freely downloadable GUI toolbox DATimeS.
Influence of Housing Systems on Physical, Emotional, and Cognitive Functions with Aging in DBA/2CrSlc Mice
Authors: Shimizu Chikako , Wakita Yoshihisa , Tsuchiya Youichi , Nabeshima Toshitaka
Published: April 2020

Environmental conditions, including enrichment and stress, affect animal behaviors, but limited information is available regarding the differences in animal functions between the chamber (ventilated system) vs. IVC (individually ventilated cages) housing systems. Therefore, the effects of different housing systems were examined on physical, emotional, and cognitive functions and the intestinal flora with aging. DBA/2CrSlc mice were divided into chamber and IVC groups. Differences in the structure of the two cages considered whether the mouse could dangle or not. Physical, emotional, and cognitive functions were examined using the open field, black and white box, object recognition, horizontal bar, wire hanging, balancing, footprint, and locomotor tests. The IVC group demonstrated significantly less food intake, higher body weight (by approximately 5 g), lower rectal core temperature, less muscle and balancing powers with aging, and fewer anxiety-like behaviors than the chamber group. No differences were observed in the cognitive function and intestinal microbiota between the groups. The housing environment affected the rodent basal temperature and body weight as well as the physical and emotional functions. Scientists should be attentive to the type of cages used in the housing system for an experiment, especially when comparing the results with animals reared in different systems.
The Prevalence of Endoparasites of Free Ranging Cats (Felis catus) from Urban Habitats in Southern Poland
Authors: Wierzbowska Izabela A. , Kornaś Sławomir , Piontek Aleksandra M. , Rola Kaja
Published: April 2020

Growing urbanization leads to an increased risk of parasite spread in densely inhabited areas. Free-ranging cats can be locally numerous and come into frequent contact with both wildlife and humans. Cats are thus expected to contribute to parasitic disease transmission. In our study, we investigated the prevalence of endoparasites in free ranging cats in urban areas of Kraków city, based on necropsy of road-killed cats in relation to sex and diet of cat, season and habitat type. We found that 62% of 81 cats were infected with endoparasites with Toxocara cati being the most prevalent. In total, we identified seven parasite species. The number of parasite species was higher in suburban habitats and aside from Eucoleus aerophilus the prevalence of all parasites was higher in cats from suburban areas than in the individuals living in the city urban core. The prey of examined cats included mostly rodents, followed by soricomorphs and birds, which can all serve as paratenic hosts. Based on our results, we suggest that cats in urban areas should be considered as a serious potential zoonotic threat. Implementation of proper veterinary control and wider education on the topic is recommended.
Natural Preservatives from Plant in Cheese Making
Authors: Ritota Mena , Manzi Pamela
Published: April 2020

Today, consumers are increasingly demanding safety alternatives concerning the use of synthetic additives in the food industry, as well as healthy food. As a result, a major number of plant-derived preservatives have been tested in the food industry. These natural ingredients have antioxidant properties and have shown to increase the bioactive molecules levels and the microbiological stability of the food items. The effect of the plant-based preservatives on the sensorial properties of the new products has also to be considered, because natural preservatives could result in sensorial characteristics that may not be accepted by the consumers. Cheese is a dairy product widely appreciated all over the world, but it is also susceptible to contamination by pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms; therefore, the use of preservatives in cheese making represents an important step. This review deals with one of the innovation in the cheese sector, which is the addition of natural preservatives. Several aspects are discussed, such as the effect of natural ingredients on the microbial stability of cheese, and their influence on the chemical, nutritional and sensorial characteristics of the cheeses. Although the promising results, further studies are needed to confirm the use of natural preservatives from plants in cheese making.
Effects of Short-Term Inhibition of Rho Kinase on Dromedary Camel Oocyte In Vitro Maturation
Authors: Tukur Hammed A. , Aljumaah Riyadh S. , Swelum Ayman Abdel-Aziz , Alowaimer Abdullah N. , Abdelrahman Mutassim , Saadeldin Islam M.
Published: April 2020

This is the first report on a biphasic in vitro maturation (IVM) approach with a meiotic inhibitor to improve dromedary camel IVM. Spontaneous meiotic resumption poses a major setback for in vitro matured oocytes. The overall objective of this study was to improve in vitro maturation of dromedary camel oocytes using ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632) in a biphasic IVM to prevent spontaneous meiotic resumption. In the first experiment, we cultured immature cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs, n = 375) in a prematuration medium supplemented with ROCK inhibitor (RI) for 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, and 24 h before submission to normal in vitro maturation to complete 28 h. The control was cultured for 28 h in the absence of RI. In the first phase of experiment two, we cultured COCs (n = 480) in the presence or absence (control) of RI for 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, and 24 h, and conducted real-time relative quantitative PCR (qPCR) on selected mRNA transcripts. The same was done in the second phase, but qPCR was done after completion of normal IVM. Assessment of nuclear maturation showed that pre-IVM for 4 h yielded an increase in MII oocyte (54.67% vs. 26.6% of control; p < 0.05). As expected, the same group showed the highest degree (2) of cumulus expansion. In experiment 2, qPCR results showed significantly higher expression of ACTB and BCL2 in the RI group treated for 4 h when compared with the other groups. However, their relative quantification after biphasic IVM did not reveal any significant difference, except for the positive response of BCL2 and BAX/BCL2 ratio after 4 and 6 h biphasic IVM. In conclusion, RI prevents premature oocyte maturation and gave a significantly positive outcome during the 4 h treatment. This finding is a paradigm for future investigation on dromedary camel biphasic IVM and for improving the outcome of IVM in this species.
Experimental Staphylococcus aureus Mastitis Infection Model by Teat Dipping in Bacterial Culture Suspension in Dairy Cows
Authors: Kerro Dego Oudessa , Pacha Paulina A. , Gillespie Barbara E. , Pighetti Gina M.
Published: April 2020

Mastitis is inflammation of mammary glands usually caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Dairy cows are susceptible to mastitis during early dry and transition periods. Effective vaccine is needed during these periods. One of the limitations to develop an effective vaccine against S. aureus is the absence of good infection model. Intramammary infusion (IMIF) with S. aureus has been used as an infection model to test vaccine efficacy. IMIF is reliable in causing mastitis, but it bypasses physical barriers, non-specific natural defenses, and immunity in the teat canal. IMIF also transfers a large number of bacteria into the intramammary area at once. The objective of this study was to develop S. aureus IMIF model that mimics natural infection. Eight Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into two groups of experimental (n = 5) and control (n = 3) cows. All teats of experimental cows were dipped in S. aureus culture suspension, whereas that of control cows were dipped in phosphate-buffered saline. Results showed that four of five cows were infected with challenge strain by day 3 of the challenge. The remaining cow was infected with Staphylococcus chromogenes. In conclusion, an experimental S. aureus intramammary infection can be induced by teat dipping into bacterial suspension.
Differential Somatic Cell Count as a Novel Indicator of Milk Quality in Dairy Cows
Authors: Stocco Giorgia , Summer Andrea , Cipolat-Gotet Claudio , Zanini Lucio , Vairani Diego , Dadousis Christos , Zecconi Alfonso
Published: April 2020

Recent available instruments allow to record the number of differential somatic cell count (DSCC), representing the combined proportion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes, on a large number of milk samples. Milk DSCC provides indirect information on the udder health status of dairy cows. However, literature is limited regarding the effect of DSCC on milk composition at the individual cow level, as well as its relation to the somatic cell score (SCS). Hence, the aims of this study were to (i) investigate the effect of different levels of DSCC on milk composition (fat, protein, casein, casein index, and lactose) and (ii) explore the combined effect of DSCC and SCS on these traits. Statistical models included the fixed effects of days in milk, parity, SCS, DSCC and the interaction between SCS × DSCC, and the random effects of herd, animal within parity, and repeated measurements within cow. Results evidenced a decrease of milk fat and an increase in milk fatty acids at increasing DSCC levels, while protein, casein and their proportion showed their lowest values at the highest DSCC. A positive association was found between DSCC and lactose. The interaction between SCS and DSCC was important for lactose and casein index, as they varied differently upon high and low SCS and according to DSCC levels.
Thermoregulatory Responses of Heat Acclimatized Buffaloes to Simulated Heat Waves
Authors: Pereira Alfredo M. F. , Vilela Reíssa A. , Titto Cristiane G. , Leme-dos-Santos Thays M. C. , Geraldo Ana C. M. , Balieiro Júlio C. C. , Calviello Raquel F. , Birgel Junior Eduardo H. , Titto Evaldo A. L.
Published: April 2020

Climate change is seen as a significant threat to the sustainability of livestock production systems in many parts of the world, particularly in tropical regions. Extreme meteorological events can result in catastrophic production and death of livestock. Heat waves in particular can push vulnerable animals beyond their survival threshold limits. However, there is little information about buffalo responses to sudden changes in the thermal environment, specifically the heat waves. This study aimed to quantify the thermoregulatory and blood biochemical responses of heat-acclimatized buffaloes to a simulated heat wave. The experiment was designed in a climatic chamber with two periods of 4 days each. Twelve heat acclimated buffalo heifers aged 18 months were used. The climatic chamber environment was set as follows: 4-day period (P1) simulating the same weather conditions of a summer in humid tropical climate used as a baseline, with daily cycle with Ta and RH at 27 ± 1 °C and 76% from 0600 h to 1900 h and 24 ± 1 °C and 80% from 1900 h to 0600 h, and 4-day period (P2), simulating a daily heat wave cycle, from 0600 h to 1900 h with Ta and RH kept at 36 °C and 78% and from 1900 h to 0600 h, 27 °C and 74%. All animals were subject to both treatments and data were analyzed by a repeated measure analysis of variance, with post-hoc pooling comparison performed by Tukey’s test. In P2, there was observed a significant increase in respiratory frequency (p < 0.01), found four times in P1. The sweating rates were quite high in both periods; still, there were significant increases in P2 compared to P1 (p < 0.01) (4931 and 3201 g/m2/h, respectively). A slight but significant increase in rectal temperature was observed during the day (p < 0.01), with a rising until 1900 h. The simulated heat wave in P2 did not affect the values of the erythrogram or leukogram, excluding the significant reduction in K+ (p < 0.05). The low heat storage and the subsequent fast and full recovery of the thermal balance late afternoon appear to be related to the high sweating rate values. The massive sweating rate emphasizes its relevance in the maintenance of buffalo homeothermy. The absence of changes in hematological parameters has revealed the considerable physiological resilience of buffaloes toward simulated heat waves.
Effect of Dietary Microalgae on Growth Performance, Profiles of Amino and Fatty Acids, Antioxidant Status, and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens
Authors: El-Bahr Sabry , Shousha Saad , Shehab Ahmed , Khattab Wassem , Ahmed-Farid Omar , Sabike Islam , El-Garhy Osama , Albokhadaim Ibrahim , Albosadah Khaled
Published: April 2020

The study used 96 broiler chickens to evaluate the impact of three species of microalgae on performance, profiles of fatty and amino acids, antioxidants, and meat quality of breast muscles. Birds were divided into four groups (24 birds/each) with 4 replicates (6 birds each). Birds in the first group were fed basal diet and served as a control (C). Birds of 2–4 groups were fed basal diet mixed with same dose (1 g/kg diet) of Chlorella vulgaris (CV), Spirulina platensis (SP), and Amphora coffeaformis (AC). At the age of 36 days, performance parameters were reported, and breast muscle samples were collected and stored frozen at −80 °C. AC shared CV in the superiority of increasing final body weight and body weight gain compared to SP and control. AC shared SP in the superiority of increasing the level of essential fatty and amino acids and decreasing the microbial growth in breast muscle compared to CV and control. All studied microalgae reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels, cooking loss, and aerobic plate count (APC) and increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in breast muscle compared to control. The current study indicated that studied microalgae, notably AC, can be used to enhance performance and meat quality in broilers chickens.
Faecal Microbiota Analysis of Piglets During Lactation
Authors: Nowland Tanya L. , Torok Valeria A. , Low Wai Y. , Barton Mary D. , Plush Kate J. , Kirkwood Roy N.
Published: April 2020

Antimicrobial use in animals and the potential development of antimicrobial resistance is a global concern. So, non-antimicrobial techniques for animal disease control are needed. This study aimed to determine whether neonatal ceftiofur (CF) treatment affects piglet faecal microbiomes and whether faecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) can correct it. Two focal piglets per sow were assigned to treatments as follows: cffresh (n = 6) received CF (3 mg/kg intramuscular) at 7 d and fresh FMT at 13 d; cffrozen (n = 7) received CF at 7 d and frozen FMT at 13 d; CF (n = 8) received CF at 7 d and no FMT; and no CF (n = 5) received no CF or FMT. DNA was extracted from faecal samples collected on days 7, 13, and 18 for 16S rRNA amplicon analysis. All faecal blends used for the FMT consisted of pooled donor pig faeces at 1:2 ratio with saline, delivered orally at 3 mL/kg. Alpha and beta diversity metrics increased with age (p < 0.05). However, no effect of antibiotic or FMT treatment was evident in 13 and 18 d old piglets (p > 0.05). Although no effect of treatment was observed, information regarding microbial membership during lactation was gained.
Large-Scale Hybridisation as an Extinction Threat to the Suweon Treefrog (Hylidae: Dryophytes suweonensis)
Authors: Borzée Amaël , Fong Jonathan J. , Nguyen Hoa Quynh , Jang Yikweon
Published: April 2020

Amphibians are in the midst of a sixth mass extinction, and human activities play a major role in pushing species towards extinction. Landscape anthropisation has impacts that indirectly threaten species, in addition to the obvious destruction of natural habitats. For instance, land modification may bring human-commensal species in contact with sister-clades from which they were previously isolated. The species in these new contact zones are then able to hybridise to the point of reaching lineage fusion, through which the gene pool of the two species merges and one of the parental lineages becomes extirpated. Here, we documented the patterns of hybridisation between the spatially restricted D. suweonensis and the widespread D. japonicus. On the basis of the analysis of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I mitochondrial DNA sequences (404 individuals from 35 sites) and six polymorphic microsatellites (381 individuals from 34 sites), we revealed a generalised, bi-directional, and geographically widespread hybridisation between the two species. Evidence of fertile back-crosses is provided by relatively high numbers of individuals in cyto-nuclear disequilibrium, as well as the presence of hybrid individuals further south than the species distribution limit, determined on the basis of call properties. Hybridisation is an additional threat to the endangered D. suweonensis.
The Use of Concentrates Rich in Orange By-Products in Goat Feed and Its Effects on Physico-Chemical, Textural, Fatty Acids, Volatile Compounds and Sensory Characteristics of the Meat of Suckling Kids
Authors: Guzmán José Luis , Delgado-Pertíñez Manuel , Beriáin María José , Pino Rafael , Zarazaga Luis Ángel , Horcada Alberto
Published: April 2020

We analysed how replacing cereal concentrates with dehydrated orange pulp (DOP) in the diet of mother goats affects the meat quality of suckling kids. Three experimental diets for mother goats were designed. The DOP-0 diet contained commercial concentrates and alfalfa hay. In the DOP-40 and DOP-80 diets, 40% and 80% (respectively) of the cereal in the concentrate was replaced with pellets of DOP (the alfalfa hay component was unchanged). We evaluated the chemical composition, texture, water holding capacity, colour, fatty acids (FAs) profile, volatile compounds, and sensorial appraisal of the meat from 30 male suckling kids (cold carcass weight 4.74 kg, 4.82 kg, and 4.65 kg for DOP-0, DOP-40, and DOP-80, respectively) of the Payoya breed (n = 10 for each diet). Meat from kids in the DOP-40 and DOP-80 groups exhibited characteristics favourable for human health, including the meat’s thrombogenicity index, PUFA/SFA ratio (0.60 index), and n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA ratio (approximately 7.50). The meat also exhibited reduced MUFA content (around 460 mg/100 g fresh meat). An increase in ethyl furan, dimethyl disulphide and heptane was observed in grilled meat from goats that were fed using DOP. The inclusion of DOP in goat feed improved consumers’ sensory appreciation of the kid’s meat.
Semen Parameters of Fertile Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) Collected by Transrectal Electroejaculation
Authors: Benavides Fernando , Sutovsky Peter , López Verónica , Kennedy Chelsey , Echevarría Luisa
Published: April 2020

The guinea pig, as a livestock species, is still developing and growing throughout Peru and neighboring countries, as reflected by its increasing export since 2000. However, the selection of proven fertile males is tedious due to the absence of seminal parameter standards and the lack of safe semen collection techniques. Thus, pregnancy detection or live births are required for males’ selection. The purpose of this study was to describe the qualitative and quantitative semen parameters of fertile guinea pig males, to set reference values, and to validate a novel electroejaculation technique for the species. Semen was collected at weekly intervals from sixteen fertile males. Four transrectal electroejaculations were performed per male with 95% successful collections, yielding 39 viable semen samples. Seminal characteristics were as follows: pH 7.0 ± 0.13; ejaculate volume 0.67 ± 0.55 mL; sperm motility 90.81 ± 6.64%; sperm concentration 36.7 ± 28.41 × 106 sperm/mL; sperm count 20.09 ± 17.56 × 106 sperm/ejaculate; percentage of abnormal morphology 18.26 ± 8.52%; and percentage ubiquitinated spermatozoa 5.57 ± 6.28%. These values will serve as a reference to detect best breeding and infertile males rapidly. The described techniques are reproducible by commercial producers.
Nitrofurantoin Failure in Elderly Men: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Wolterink Ilse , Verheij Theo , Platteel Tamara , van den Bruel Ann , Stam Arjen , van de Pol Alma
Published: April 2020

Urinary tract infections in the elderly are common. Treatment with nitrofurantoin in men may not be sufficient if concomitant tissue involvement is present, resulting in treatment failure. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of nitrofurantoin failure in the elderly, and to assess the effect of gender and age. A retrospective observational study was conducted using a Dutch general practice medical record database of 21,789 men and 26,622 women aged 65 years or older in 2015. First, nitrofurantoin prescriptions in 2015 were analyzed. Nitrofurantoin failure (subsequent prescription of antibiotic within 30 days) for men, women, and different age categories were compared. The effect of age and gender was assessed using multivariate logistic regression. A total of 3537 patients had a first nitrofurantoin prescription in 2015; 506 men and 3031 women. Overall, 584 patients (17%) experienced nitrofurantoin failure; 135 (27%) men and 449 (15%) women. Male gender (odds ratio (OR) = 2.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.68–2.61) and age (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.03) was associated with higher treatment failure. Our findings indicate that in a substantial number of elderly men, nitrofurantoin might not be the appropriate treatment. Nitrofurantoin, as a first choice in elderly men with urinary tract infections, should be reconsidered.
Antibacterial Discovery: 21st Century Challenges
Authors: Hoffman Paul S.
Published: April 2020

It has been nearly 50 years since the golden age of antibiotic discovery (1945–1975) ended; yet, we still struggle to identify novel drug targets and to deliver new chemical classes of antibiotics to replace those rendered obsolete by drug resistance. Despite herculean efforts utilizing a wide range of antibiotic discovery platform strategies, including genomics, bioinformatics, systems biology and postgenomic approaches, success has been at best incremental. Obviously, finding new classes of antibiotics is really hard, so repeating the old strategies, while expecting different outcomes, seems to boarder on insanity. The key questions dealt with in this review include: (1) If mutation based drug resistance is the major challenge to any new antibiotic, is it possible to find drug targets and new chemical entities that can escape this outcome; (2) Is the number of novel chemical classes of antibacterials limited by the number of broad spectrum drug targets; and (3) If true, then should we focus efforts on subgroups of pathogens like Gram negative or positive bacteria only, anaerobic bacteria or other group where the range of common essential genes is likely greater?. This review also provides some examples of existing drug targets that appear to escape the specter of mutation based drug resistance, and provides examples of some intermediate spectrum strategies as well as modern molecular and genomic approaches likely to improve the odds of delivering 21st century medicines to combat multidrug resistant pathogens.
Plasticity of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Membrane Fatty Acid Composition and Implications for Responses to Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Tiwari Kiran B. , Gatto Craig , Wilkinson Brian J.
Published: April 2020

Staphylococcus aureus demonstrates considerable membrane lipid plasticity in response to different growth environments, which is of potential relevance to response and resistance to various antimicrobial agents. This information is not available for various species of coagulase-negative staphylococci, which are common skin inhabitants, can be significant human pathogens, and are resistant to multiple antibiotics. We determined the total fatty acid compositions of Staphylococcus auricularis, Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Staphylococcus aureus for comparison purposes. Different proportions of branched-chain and straight-chain fatty acids were observed amongst the different species. However, growth in cation-supplemented Mueller–Hinton broth significantly increased the proportion of branched-chain fatty acids, and membrane fluidities as measured by fluorescence anisotropy. Cation-supplemented Mueller–Hinton broth is used for routine determination of antimicrobial susceptibilities. Growth in serum led to significant increases in straight-chain unsaturated fatty acids in the total fatty acid profiles, and decreases in branched-chain fatty acids. This indicates preformed fatty acids can replace biosynthesized fatty acids in the glycerolipids of coagulase-negative staphylococci, and indicates that bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis system II may not be a good target for antimicrobial agents in these organisms. Even though the different species are expected to be exposed to skin antimicrobial fatty acids, they were susceptible to the major skin antimicrobial fatty acid sapienic acid (C16:1Δ6). Certain species were not susceptible to linoleic acid (C18:2Δ9,12), but no obvious relationship to fatty acid composition could be discerned.
Double Spectral Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Based on Double-Bar Dielectric Grating and Its Sensor Application
Authors: Li Guofeng , Yang Junbo , Zhang Zhaojian , Wen Kui , Tao Yuyu , Han Yunxin , Zhang Zhenrong
Published: April 2020

The realization of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect based on guided-mode resonance (GMR) has attracted a lot of attention. However, achieving the multispectral EIT effect in this way has not been studied. Here, we numerically realize a double EIT-ike effect with extremely high Q factors based on a GMR system with the double-bar dielectric grating structure, and the Q factors can reach 35,104 and 24,423, respectively. Moreover, the resonance wavelengths of the two EIT peaks can be flexibly controlled by changing the corresponding structural parameters. The figure of merit (FOM) of the dual-mode refractive index sensor based on this system can reach 571.88 and 587.42, respectively. Our work provides a novel method to achieve double EIT-like effects, which can be applied to the dual mode sensor, dual channel slow light and so on.
Mental Workload Classification Method Based on EEG Independent Component Features
Authors: Qu Hongquan , Shan Yiping , Liu Yuzhe , Pang Liping , Fan Zhanli , Zhang Jie , Wanyan Xiaoru
Published: April 2020

Excessive mental workload will reduce work efficiency, but low mental workload will cause a waste of human resources. It is very significant to study the mental workload status of operators. The existing mental workload classification method is based on electroencephalogram (EEG) features, and its classification accuracy is often low because the channel signals recorded by the EEG electrodes are a group of mixed brain signals, which are similar to multi-source mixed speech signals. It is not wise to directly analyze the mixed signals in order to distinguish the feature of EEG signals. In this study, we propose a mental workload classification method based on EEG independent components (ICs) features, which borrows from the blind source separation (BSS) idea of mixed speech signals. This presented method uses independent component analysis (ICA) to obtain pure signals, i.e., ICs. The energy features of ICs are directly extracted for classifying the mental workload, since this method directly uses ICs energy features for feature extraction. Compared with the existing solution, the proposed method can obtain better classification results. The presented method might provide a way to realize a fast, accurate, and automatic mental workload classification.