bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflections on 40 Years in the Hazards and Disasters Community
Authors: Rubin Claire B.
Published: November 2015

This piece is based on the keynote address I delivered at the 40th Annual Conference of the Hazards Center at the University of Colorado/Boulder in July
(https://theswitch.co.uk/blog/environment/natural-hazards-center). My charge from the Hazards Center was to “provide your reflections on how our community (researchers and practitioners) has evolved over the last four decades” and “feel free to get personal and to talk about what the community has meant to you and your work.” Unlike the other keynote talks at that conference, and unlike the other articles in this journal, this is a personal history, based on my career experiences over the past 38 years. As such, it includes many candid comments on things that have gone well and things that have not over the past four decades.
Intra-State Violence In D.R. Congo And Features Of The ‘New War’ Scenarios
Authors: Herţa Laura-Maria
Published: November 2015

The chief objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the characteristics of new wars (described by scholars Mary Kaldor and Herfried Műnkler) are identified in the case of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Hence, the main argument is that the wars in D.R. Congo displayed most features of the new wars. Former Zaire/RDC was a weak state, completely unable to retain monopoly on the use of organized violence or to control its entire territory. Many armed groups and local militias had free vein in the east part and at some point they also controlled the north east and south east areas. Moreover, they gained autonomy and resorted to atrocities. The distinction between combatants and civilians was blurred. The locus of belligerence moved from the military sector to the societal one, thus also pinpointing to the need to reconceptualize security. Most attacks were carried out systematically and deliberately against groups of individuals, without discrimination between civilians and members of the militias. Child-soldiering was present and violence against women was prevailing systematically. Looting, raping, and killing was the bulk of the fighting and on several occasions civilians were used as human shields.
Irregular Warfare And (In)Security In The Horn Of Africa
Authors: Herţa Laura-Maria
Published: November 2015

The paper will focus on the transformation of war (associated with phenomena such as human displacement, famine, violence against civilians, and commercialization of military troops) and on the refugee flows and insecurity within refugee camps which amount to humanitarian tragedies. The second chief aim of this paper is to investigate tenets of the extended analytical framework of security and to emphasize the relevance of constructivist and critical security studies. The pivotal line of arguments will revolve around specificities of violent conflict in the Horn of Africa which trigger the need to revisit mainstream approaches on state security by analyzing intra-state (and internationalized) violence and by including types of post-colonial insecurity, food insecurity and environmental degradation. The main underlying research question is: why is human security a valid framework of analysis in the case of irregular warfare in the Horn of Africa?
Post-Conflict Operations – A Cooperative Effort
Authors: Ispas Lucian , Ratiu Aurelian , Neag Mihai-Marcel
Published: November 2015

Post-conflict operations may be conducted prior to the complete end of a conflict. The past experience shows that it is most effective for these operations to be conducted when there is an acceptable security situation. The security aspect of post-conflict operations is based on the coordinating issue for beginning and maintaining such operations in which the military and civilian personnel are involved.
Military Advisors Teams Mission Readiness Self-Assessment Methods
Authors: Krastev Krastyu Ivanov
Published: November 2015

To meet the verification requirements of the Enforcement Principle, every training organization may verify the results of the conducted training. Our research hypothesis is that by implementation of the proper self-assessment methods the final results of the military advisors mission training could be more objective, than by using the “classical” assessment methodology containing only the marks of the combat training instructors. Some research results of the military advisors teams’ mission readiness level are presented in the following paper.
Use Of The Armed Forces In The Postmodern Wars
Authors: Pikner Ivo , Galatik Vlastimil
Published: November 2015

In this article authors depict how the security environment challenges can affect the emerging theory of post-modern war. The 20th century becomes the twilight of modern wars; armed conflicts take the nature of the postmodern wars. The characteristic features of contemporary wars lead to conclusions about the uniqueness of the postmodern wars and the needs for their research. This research is necessary for the understanding of effective ways to use armed force in contemporary and future conflicts and wars.
Concept Development & Experimentation As Tool For Capability Development
Authors: Pikner Ivo
Published: November 2015

Purpose of this paper is to depict Concept Development & Experimentation (CD&E) process as tools for transformation in NATO. CD&E process supports development and experimentation by providing a common framework, decision support and practical guidelines for capability development. In first part the author shows possible patterns of military concepts and describes their parameters. In the second part article depicts relationship between the operating concepts and the defence planning process. They clarify the operating concept application issues in the process of the armed forces development.

The paper is one of outcome of the defence research project named “Operational Concepts of the Armed Forms of the Czech Republic in Joint Operations”, that was solved at the University of Defence in Brno (CZ). Project solved the “Proposal of operational concept of the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic in joint operations” and “Methodology of generation and development of operational concepts”.
Greece’s Military Importance For The European Union
Authors: Pricopi Marius
Published: November 2015

Having won the legislative elections in Greece on January 25, 2015, the leader of the radical party SYRIZA now aims for reducing austerity in his country, even though this might result in the exit of Greece from the Eurozone. A Greek exit will definitely have major economic consequences, which will also affect the country’s defence budget and its European military stance. Taking into account such a turn of events, in this paper we analyse the military importance of Greece for the European Union. The analysis is conducted using, as main methodological instrument, the European Index of Military Integration.
Causes And Determinations Of Security Risk - Analysis And Perspective Of Conflicts In Ukraine
Authors: Răşinar Laura-Lucia
Published: November 2015

Risks are difficult to combat, especially when they are diverse and influenced by so many factors from the security environment. Because of the rapid and dynamic changes, risks are important to be discovered, understood and eliminated. The main problem is how to anticipate them and prevent any bad event to happen. This shows the importance of intelligence services and cooperation between states in assuring security to prevent conflicts. Any conflict is considered to be the result of poor communication and cooperation between states and low efficiency in anticipating the evolution of international relationships in the area. How could everything evolve in Ukraine in a better environment of communication and prevention? How could the risks and crisis be avoided and what kind of effects can we pass in review today? But the most important aspect remains how to never let this happen again.
Opinions Regarding The New Challenges To The Critical Infrastructures
Authors: Udeanu Gheorghe
Published: November 2015

In Romania, the protection of critical infrastructure is seen as a dynamic process, with a variable geometry, which requires constant reporting to the various types of threats of the external environment: terrorism, organized crime, illegal migration, border insecurity, etc.

For this reason, any process of designing/redesigning the concept of national critical infrastructure protection should relate to the complexity and the fluidity of the present international security environment and the fundamental reason of any initiative regarding this process is enhancing the status of “vector of stability” at the Eastern border of the European Union and NATO, considering that many of the transnational threats facing Europe originate from this area.
A New Approach To The European Programme For Critical Infrastructure Protection
Authors: Udeanu Gheorghe
Published: November 2015

Critical infrastructure protection is the only way of ensuring the continuity of critical services in the society. A European critical infrastructure means “an asset, a system or part of it, located on the territory of the Member States, which is essential for the maintenance of vital societal functions, health, safety, security, economic or social well-being of people, and the disruption or destruction of which would have a significant impact in a Member State as a result of the failure to maintain those functions [1].”

To ensure a high level of protection of the European critical infrastructures and by increasing their resilience (against all of the threats and hazards) the consequences of the loss of services of the society as a whole can be reduced. At the same time, these are the objectives of the Stockholm Program [2] and of the National Security Strategy of the European Union [3].
Civil Aspects Of National Security
Authors: Vodenitcharov Asen
Published: November 2015

The article examines the national security as a state of society and state in which fundamental rights and freedoms of man and citizen shall be protected. It examines the interdependence between security in the civil society and the guarantees for full realization of the rights, freedoms and legal interests of citizens. It specifies the question for social security of citizens and legal entities in: signing and realization of civil transactions; the regime of entries; the exercise of ownership and development of the substantive law relations; the relocation of trade companies from Bulgaria in other EU Member State and from another EU Member State in Bulgaria. This scientific study underlines the need for improvement of the regulation of civil transactions, in order to ensure the maximum social security of citizens and legal entities and forming of a favorable environment for their dynamic development.
The Negative Impact Of Tourism In The Area Of The Bârgău Mountains Onto The Local Environment
Authors: Cioancă Lia-Maria
Published: November 2015

Tourism as any other human activity causes a negative impact on the environment when the general rules of behaviour and management are not fully respected. Actually the growing development of tourism and the increasing number of tourists in the area, have had a negative but prominent effect on the local environment as well.
Analysis Patterns For Military Organizations
Authors: Dumitru Elena
Published: November 2015

The need to study and the use of science and practice of knowledge management is a necessity for the military system as a major subsystem (in economic terms) of any social system. In the type of knowledge that is necessary for the state to support national interests, knowledge transformation that starts from the premises of the environment in which they operate and on which it is called upon to be decided. Knowledge is the ability to understand the present reality based on information, perceptions and evaluations, and the ability to support actions in order to shape future realities.
Perspectives On Using Theory Porter-Lawler Student Motivation Military
Authors: Iancu Dumitru , Badea Dorel
Published: November 2015

Motivational component of learning is particularly important in the military because of the accruals during undergraduate studies, will depend both on their professional future career military and results in activities to individual objectives and structure that will lead. The complexity of the current context, the military domain and society requires a detailed approach to building motives underlying motivation for military students, and using Porter-Lawler model to maximize their motivation can be very effective.
Empathic And Assertive Communication. Efficient Communication Developments
Authors: Ilie Oana-Antonia , Metea Ileana-Gentilia
Published: November 2015

We are always confronted with situations in which prevailing socially is strictly a matter of conversational technique. First, empathy and the mirroring of the other's emotional states and gestures is a must of efficient communication. Secondly, in order to prevent conflict situations one must learn to communicate assertively. Empathic communication is the ability or talent of knowing what other people feel and is essential when we want to produce or generate feedback. Assertive communication refers to the ability to express feelings and choices in a way that the self-esteem and feelings of others are not affected. A person who has these communicative competences will know to express wishes and feelings, to refuse and express opinions without offending the others, while maintaining a favorable impression and self-control.
To Speak And To Act. Language As A Means Of Producing Social Change
Authors: Ilie Oana-Antonia
Published: November 2015

The performativity theory starts from a critique of the descriptivist and representation a list theory of language, thus, language and word use cease to appear as mere modalities of describing the world and our connection with the environment, and become a manner of acting and of producing action. Prefigured in the Theory of Communicative Action of J.L. Austin, further analyzed by J. R. Searle and other pragmatists, the illocutionary speech acts make the distinction between the content of an expression and the action that we undertake through it. Their transformation in action is a transition from the assertion plan to the realization plan, through the explicit performative utterances (“I order you to”, “I ask you to”, “I solicit that you”).
Opinions Regarding The Decision-Making Process For Military Logistics At Peace Time
Authors: Milandru Marius
Published: November 2015

During peace time military logistics is designated to ensure and maintain conditions in order for military units to fullfil their missions, objectives and tasks and comprises the following domains: supply, maintenance, movement and transportation, services (food, accomodation, equipment), medical. Logistic decision holds a central role inside management process, this has to be approached through conceptual delimitations and role, involving the existence of many alternatives in order to facilitate the efficient one. Decision is to select a subset of the set of non-dominant variants of variant decision reviewed by the decider, which must include a number of actions that formulates the problem and seeks to identify its solution. Foundation and quality of decisions prepared in an organization depend on many variables, from the level of training of manager to the structuring of authority within the organization. Analysis of potential issues that may face the organization concentrates on prospective nature, on anticipatory process of establishment of decisions, which is the central moment of each management process.
Organizational Citizenship Behaviour In Military Organization
Authors: Rusu Raluca , Baboş Alexandru
Published: November 2015

This paper is intended to be, first of all a review of theoretical literature on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and for that, we tried to define the concept and to separate it from other similar concepts, and to analyze the dimensions of this type of behavior. Secondly, we identified the dimensions of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in military organizations, in order to see how OCB could influence the organizational performance.
The Ergonomic Elements On Investigating The Economic-Financial Frauds
Authors: Bucur Mihai Adrian
Published: November 2015

The paper addresses an analysis of “natural environment” factors, mentioned in the literature, which could also be considered when investigating the economic-financial frauds, in order to ensure an optimal environment. The role of the specific (toned against the disturbing) factors in ensuring the optimal qualitative conditions for the spaces designed and established for the investigation activities undertaken by the workers of the operational structures of the General Inspectorate of the Romanian Police (I.G.P.R.) is emphasized in this paper.
Financial Provisioning - Basis Of Strategic Decisions Of Themanagement Of Resources For Security And Defence
Authors: Dimitrova Sevdalina , Terziev Venelin
Published: November 2015

The strategic decisions defining the defence capabilities that are necessary for our country in response to the dynamic changes in the security environment are directly related to the question “How much?” concerning the price that taxpayers should pay for the creation and development of those capabilities. Since security and defense constitute a public good whose creation is entirely dependent on the economic potential, on the GDP of the country, the manifestation of the price of that good is the budget of the Defence Ministry. This calls for the implementation of a system and tools, appropriate for budget resource management in order to ensure the increase of the added value of defence capabilities.
Equal Pay As An Objective Of Gender Equality
Authors: Florişteanu Elena , Florişteanu Ioan Dragoş
Published: November 2015

The increasing attention granted to improving gender equality in all the economic and social sectors, on all levels, is manifested in concrete actions undertaken by both different international bodies and national authorities. Even though the majority of EU member states have adopted the necessary legislative framework to ensure gender equality, the practical application of wage equality still remains a real problem. Studies in the field show that in Romania, remuneration differences between men and women are much lower in comparison to other states, but the effects are fully felt due to the low level of wages present on the internal labor market.
Climate Change – Probable Socio-Economic Systems (SES) Implications And Impacts In The Anthropocene Epoch
Authors: Gilder Eric , Pal Dilip K.
Published: November 2015

It is vital for security experts to learn from the historical records of global climate change as to how the human society has been impacted by its consequences in the “new” Anthropocene Epoch. Some of these consequences of global climate change include the perishing of several human settlements in different parts of the globe at different times, e.g., in 1700 B.C., prolonged drought contributed to the demise of Harappan civilization in northwest India. In 1200 B.C., under a similar climatic extremity, the Mycenaean civilization in present-day Greece (as well as the Mill Creek culture of the northwestern part of the present-day US state of Iowa) perished. Why did some societies under such climatic events perish while others survived? Lack of preparedness of one society and its failure to anticipate and adapt to the extreme climatic events might have attributed to their extinction. The authors will also analyze the extinction of one European Norse society in Greenland during the Little Ice Age (about 600 years ago), as compared to the still-surviving Inuit society in the northern segment of Greenland, which faced even harsher climatic conditions during the Little Ice Age than the extinct Norsemen. This is how the adaptability and “expectation of the worst” matter for the survival of a particular community against climatic “black swan” events (Taleb, 2007). Similar impacts in terms of sea-level rise expected by the year 2100 whereby major human populations of many parts of the world are expected to lose their environmental evolutionary “niche” will be discussed. Rising temperature will not only complicate human health issues, but also will it take its toll on the staple food producing agricultural belts in some latitudinal expanse. It will also worsen the living condition of the populace living in areas where climate is marginal.

Through the Socio-Economic Systems Model provided by Vadineanu (2001), the authors will next consider the effect of extant policy-making “prisms” responding to climate change (such as the “Club of Rome” versus the “Club for Growth” visions) as concerns the ongoing process of globalization and survival of the nation-state.
Value Investing - Essence And Ways Of Finding Undervalued Assets
Authors: Petrova Elitsa
Published: November 2015

Efficient market hypothesis considers that because many talented analysts constantly searching the market for the deals in a short period, after a certain point of time there are not so attractive deals. According to the hypothesis, successful investors owe their success more to luck than to their skills. The paper presents the Value investing. Value investing is an investment paradigm, which stems from the ideas of Benjamin Graham and David Dodd. The proponents, including the chairperson of Berkshire Hathaway Warren Buffett, argue that the essence of value investing is to buy shares at a price lower than their true value. The difference between the market price and intrinsic value of the stock Graham called the “margin of safety”.
Short Considerations On The Integrated Defense Procurement Management System Of Romania
Authors: Popa Ioan Gabriel , Stanciu Leontin
Published: November 2015

In the current context and along with the emergence and implementation of the Government Emergency Ordinance no. 114/2011 regarding the award of certain public contracts in the fields of defense and security, ordinance imposing the mandatory application of art. 288 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union concerning the transposition of the Union’s directives, both purchases of products, works and services and the purchase of military products are regulated. In order to implement this ordinance, the MoD is “asked” to rethink the whole system of defense procurement. In my opinion, the current Integrated Defense Procurement Management System (IDAMS) consists of Technical-Operational Requirements System, Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Evaluation System, and Integrated Procurement Management System even if it has introduced a series of instructions, policies, principles and procedures based on defense procurements and respond only partially to the current reality specifically referring to the purchase of arms and ammunition from their own production and less to their procurement from external suppliers. For this reason, we believe that IDAMS must be known and understood, which is exactly what the article below intends to de, and ultimately, this system should be changed, the by amending general and specific legislation.
Consumption And Demand For Goods
Authors: Văduva Maria
Published: November 2015

The free development of the economic activity imposes to establish a relation of subordination of the means by the purposes. The consumption appears both as triggering and simulating element of production, and as control element of this, being the one generating the quantitative and qualitative determinations, and also the sense and intensity of the rhythms where they develop and cyclically resume. The consumption, which is the level where people reach their material purposes generated by the economic interests, must be the fundamental element in conceiving and developing the economic activity.

The link between consumption and market is made through the demand for goods containing a large and complex bid of actions from the consumption field that is going to be performed in the market, making of this a barometer of economic and social development.

When following the internal evolution of consumption, it presents a high degree of interest to surprise the consumption habits and to project its future structures in order to define the evolutionary coordinates of the commercial activity, being the motor force of the production, signifying wear and destruction, involving the change of goods and services consumed with new created goods and services.
Application Of Modern Tools In The Effectiveness Evaluation Of Vehicles Operation
Authors: Zajíček Václav , Mareš Jaromír , Talár Jaroslav
Published: November 2015

The authors reviewed the current traditional approaches to evaluating the operation effectiveness of ground military equipment. The article is focused on the role and possibilities of commanders and executives from traffic. The authors describe the experiences with the application a modern system in selected fleet of vehicles in ACR.

Research has shown the possibility to identify the causes of overconsumption. The vehicles were analyzed causes of exceeding the norm. The fundamental aspect of crossing the established standards were idle vehicles and irregular decrease of fuel.
Typology Of Regulations Related To Minorities In The National Legislations Of Certain States
Authors: Andriţoi Claudia
Published: November 2015

The international regulations in the filed of minorities settle not only an international standard, but also a set of norms generally accepted by the states in this respect. Like in other domains of human rights, these norms represent a minimum of regulations beyond which one or several states, depending on their concrete situation and the international commitment they assume in the regional or bilateral plane, may apply more comprehensive norms and concepts. Such an approach corresponds also to the distinct situations of diverse minorities in the word: numerous or less numerous, compact or dispersed from the demographic point of view; some have been taken centuries to congregate, others have been formed recently, as a result of migration, whereas others have originated from native populations; some minorities are constituted according to ethnic criteria, others according to linguistic, cultural or religious criteria, and these elements are rarely encountered together.
Policies Of Preservation And Protection Of The Culture And Identity Of Immigrants
Authors: Ariton-Gelan Cristina
Published: November 2015

This paper addresses the phenomenon of immigrant integration within a community in terms of what is currently called cultural integration, with landmarks such as government policies in the European community and the ways to implement in practice. This theme is approached from two angles: the way in which organizations can provide services that are more accessible to immigrants- and which help increase their sense of belonging and civic participation - which means employment of migrants to participate actively in society. The first angle of approach relates to the ways in which different institutions and organizations involved in the integration of immigrants (by providing social services to them) can develop the latter’s intercultural skills. The second angle of approach concerns the ways in which immigrants and non-immigrants can be mobilized around different facets of active citizenship or around religious dialogue. Realizing a synergy of the two angles of approach in terms of cultural integration of immigrants, an important aspect of this paper is to argue the issue of interpretation of the role of the media in this context.
Some Aspects Of International Offences: Offences/Crimes And Offences/Delicts
Authors: Barbu Denisa
Published: November 2015

Generally, justifying the theme aims to analyse the two categories of international crimes, i.e. offences/delicts and offences/crimes emphasizing the similarities and the differences between them because on the basis of the conclusions which will result and the degree of danger we can argue the framing of some of the offences/delicts under the category of offences/crimes, what we think it could help to reduce the criminality.

The element of novelty of the study is characterized by the fact that it is intended to be a review of all aspects of the efficiency of international co-operation in preventing and combating international crime/offences, on all levels, respectively, political, legal, technical and operative, in the framework of the most important mechanisms developed and agreed by states in this area.

Committing such severe acts, which violates any international regulation, requires states to fight back entirely, punishing the guilty ones. The legislation in force and the doctrine, the jurisprudence recognizes the principle according to which the offense is the only basis of criminal liability.

The notion of „crime” in its sphere includes both offences committed with intent or negligence, and also the crimes of common or international law.
The Return Of The Property Clause In Donation Contracts – A Comparative Analysis In French And Romanian Legal Systems
Authors: Codrea Codrin
Published: November 2015

In both French and Romanian legal systems, the special irrevocability which governs the field of donations presupposes that certain clauses cannot be stipulated in the donation contract. Such clauses, which are prohibited as incompatible with the principle of the irrevocability of donations, would allow the donor to unilaterally revoke the contract. This article is concerned, on the one hand, with the origin and the evolution of the special irrevocability of donations and, on the other hand, with the compatibility of the return of the donated good clause with the principle of irrevocability of donations. The return of the property clause will be analyzed in a comparative manner in French and Romanian legal systems by looking at the provisions of the French Civil Code, 1865 Romanian Civil Code and of the contemporary Romanian Civil Code, in order to put into perspective both similarities and differences between the civil regulations of the two legal systems, but also the changes within the Romanian civil law from the previous Civil Code to the current one.
The Importance Of Enforcing The Fundamental Principles Of International Law During The Negotiation Process
Authors: Gună Dan
Published: November 2015

Diplomatic negotiations represent the most frequently regulated and used method when it comes to states settling their international conflicts. The negotiation process can be influenced by many factors, such as: the characteristics of the conflict, the power balance, the relation between the parties in conflict. From the perspective of international law, a significant importance for the success of negotiations is held by the observance of some principles such as: sovereign equality of the parties, the absence of force or threat to use the force, good faith, lack of interference in internal affairs, abstention from committing any act capable to worsen the conflict. For a solid lengthy settlement of a conflict, no solution can be imposed by using the force or threatening to use it and, hence, transgressing the essential attribute of states – sovereignty. States must show a good faith attitude during negotiations and use this diplomatic method with the real intent of settling the conflict and not for other strategic reasons, like getting extra time or creating a good faith appearance in front of the public opinion as they were looking for a solution.
Specific Features Of The Consumer Credit Contract Enforcement
Authors: Mocanu Livia
Published: November 2015

Consumers' demands for purchasing goods and services, which are more and more complex and different, have been and are insured, in the absence of the necessary or sufficient amounts of money, by means of credits granted for consumption; the field in question is generically named “consumer credit. This financial-legal mechanism which is widely spread and useful contains the consumer credit contract as key element, which has some specific features for private law, both in terms of its constitution and enforcement. Given its relatively recent existence within the Romanian legal system, the present work aims to carry out an analysis of the main rules governing the enforcement of the consumer credit contract, in the context of the national and European legislation.
The Public Administrator-Judicial Status Of The Management Contract
Authors: Panagoreţ Ioana , Ivanoff Ivan Vasile
Published: November 2015

Public administrator is a new function, which was introduced into the Romanian legislation by Law no. 286/2006 amending and supplementing Law no. 215/2001; the contract management, under which public administrators carry out their responsibilities, is not defined either by legislation or by doctrine, because there are various opinions in the specialty literature ranging from its qualification as a labor contract to the civil nature of this legal relationship. In this article, we try to provide a basis for the contractual administrative view about the management contract concluded between a public administrator and the executive public authority within an administrative territorial unit.
Reflections About Public Property In The Romanian Constitutional System And Comparative Law – Selective Aspects
Authors: Pavel Nicolae
Published: November 2015

What seems relevant for the present study to highlight is the approach evolving reflections about public property in the Romanian constitutional system and comparative law.

The subject of the scientific endeavour will be circumscribed to the scientific analysis of its parts, as follows: 1) Introduction. 2) Identification of constitutional rules on public property in Romanian constitutional system and comparative law. 3) Highlights of Romanian doctrine and comparative law on public property. 4. Highlights of jurisprudence regarding public property. 5) Conclusions.
Political Participation And Protest Regulations In The Republic Of Bulgaria In 2013
Authors: Popov Nikolay , Georgieva Gergana
Published: November 2015

Holding a meeting or demonstration is a constitutional right (Art. 43 of the Constitution). The order is defined in the Law on gatherings, meetings and manifestations, and every municipal council shall issue an ordinance regulating the details for conducting such events in their country. However, the ongoing protests and counter-protests in Bulgaria have caused debates regarding the mass gatherings out in the open under the Bulgarian Law on gatherings, meetings and manifestations. Entered into force on 2.02.1990, the law does not seem a sufficient answer to the people's expectations for responsiveness to current conditions and dynamic public relations. The present article aims to indicate new practices in the forms of political participation in Bulgaria in 2013.
Liberty Of Conscience, Natural Right And Essence Of Liberty Of Thinking
Authors: Tarnu Lucian Ioan
Published: November 2015

Liberty of thinking is an absolute characteristic of human rights manifested in our society and it has both an individual dimension - meaning having opinions and beliefs - and a social and political dimension - if we think at their development.

Liberty of thinking, conscience and religion represent some of the basic components of a democratic society. This also occurs as the most important elements of the identity of a nation and it contributes significantly to its proper development.

Human conscience can not and should not be directed by administrative means, but it should always be the result of its liberty of thinking and revealing thoughts. As it is regulated at the constitutional level, liberty of conscience has a complex content. It is one of the oldest citizen liberties, one of tradition, which is known under either its proper name or various aspects, such as liberty of speech, liberty of association and liberty of press.
Legal Aspects Of The Right To Respect Private And Family Life
Authors: Tudor Vasile
Published: November 2015

Free development of human personality and dignity, which are values proclaimed by the Romanian Constitution, right in the Article 1, can not exist without respecting and protecting married, family and private life. The right to respect and protect married, family and private life is part of the list of fundamental rights and freedom, and has a complex content. Belonging to the legal category of fundamental rights clarifies the legal character of the right to respect private and family life, but even its definition is not as clear as such. The legal aspect of family is, at its turn, complex and can be divided into two major coordinates: protecting family as a social entity by establishing legal requirements to ensure access to such status and establishing mutual rights and duties of family members.
Is Maritime English The Key In Solving Communication Problems Within Multinational Crews?
Authors: Apostol-Mates Raluca , Barbu Alina
Published: November 2015

In the present world of international shipping, where multinational and multicultural crews are the most common, communication between those on board and between ship and shore is increasingly important.

The present paper intention is to reveal, pinpoint and analyze different problems that emerge from the heterogeneous crews’ failure in communication. The basis of the analysis is given by a number of maritime accident reports in which lack of communication between crew members played a paramount role in the causal chain. The paper also intends to put an accent on the benefits of maritime English.
Text Messaging Vs Academic Writing - A Case Study
Authors: Boştină-Bratu Simona
Published: November 2015

The paper aims to bring into discussion the relationship between informal e-communication and formal writing, focusing on the use of SMS language, which is in a constant evolution, particularly among the young generations. SMS language is also a controversial topic today: some linguists and teachers are concerned that this abbreviated language, with its carefree spelling, its poor punctuation and grammar and its paucity of vocabulary is a real menace to students’ quality of writing; others, on the contrary, consider it inspiring and useful as students with a good command of texting also possess a broader facility for language. But what do students have to say about the topic? In order to gain insight into how they view the role and impact of texting on their writing, a questionnaire was distributed to a group of army cadets. The answers show that although text messaging is widely used and is an important tool of communication among young people, students consider that it has a negligible impact on their overall writing abilities and they strongly appreciate the value of writing for their future career.
Romanian University Governance In The Knowledge Society
Authors: Duică Mircea Constantin , Duică Anişoara , Savu Bogdan Cătălin
Published: November 2015

The European strategies and policies on education aim to reform and increase the flexibility of the higher education systems, to better answer the society’s needs, in the context of the challenges raised by the knowledge society. In this context, the quality of higher education has become a matter of public responsibility, and universities, based on their autonomy, should institute efficient university governance mechanisms that would permit an efficient use of their resources. University governance, as a process, relies on a realistic evaluation of the available resources and on the taking on - based on the university autonomy - of a future development direction, in conditions of efficacy and efficiency. The specific demands of the internal managerial control systems make it necessary for the university management to asset - by means of the control function - the results’ deviations from the objectives, to analyze the causes that triggered them and to issue the necessary corrective or preventive measures. In this context, risk management represents an efficient instrument, specific for university governance, in the knowledge society, which contributes to the efficient use of the resources available to the universities.
Translation And Agency – A Knowledge-Based Organisation
Authors: Petraru Ana-Magdalena
Published: November 2015

This paper purports to give an overview of translators as agents and their agency which should be viewed as a knowledge-based organisation in today’s globalized world. In our approach we will draw on Translation Studies (Baker and Saldanha, 2009), in general, and the situation of the profession in Romania with its recent developments, in particular (namely the proposal for a new controversial law which all legal translators and their agencies should obey). Last but not least, our aim is to account for translators as agents and translation agency in our country in the context of ethical practice and the increasingly stressful, demanding challenges of the job which is constantly frowned upon by the general public in the era of google translation.
Evaluation Of The Data Applicable For Determining The Routes Of Movements Of Military Vehicles In Tactical Operation
Authors: Kristalova Dana
Published: November 2015

War Conflicts in the past twenty years have shown the need to digitalize the battlefield. The commander needs a lot of input data for his right decision. These data are necessary for an automated decision-making process. For the successful planning of routes of movement, whether in peace or combat conditions, it is required to know the terrain and at the same time the use of algorithms for finding the correct paths. The determination of the level of Cross-Country Movement (abbr. CCM), or also the traffic ability of the terrain, is the basis for this right decision. Analysis of the Cross-Country Movement means the assessment of several geographical and tactical, technical and human factors together, i.e. that it is multi-criterial analysis. Finding the optimal path based on specified criteria (security, distance, economic cost, time) is not a trivial matter and therefore testing road conditions in the field is carried out. These tests validate the previous calculations.
Methods And Criteria For Selecting The Suitable Materials To Achieve The New Ballistic Protection Vest Designed To Womens
Authors: Badea Simona Maria , Lăzăroaie Claudiu , Zecheru Teodora , Lazăr Ioana
Published: November 2015

Women’s participation in the activities, which were limited only for men in the past, has increased over the years. Since women are not in the majority, the protective equipment they wear has not been developed for their use.

In our project, we are intending to identify the available materials and technologies to produce new composite materials for ergonomic ballistic protection equipment for women from national defense system, in the respect of providing better fit and mobility to the wearer. The main goal of the project is to apply a design and materials that offers more comfort to the wearers (female soldiers) using the best available technologies and materials.

This paper presents the methods and the criteria to select the best materials suitable for achieving a new ballistic protection vest designed especially for women from national defense system, in order to meet the requirements regarding the protection against ballistic threats and the comfort demands too.
Investigation Of The Influence On Additional Mounted On Barrel Edge Concentrated Mass Over The Grouping Of Gunshot Hits In Single Shooting
Authors: Conev Conyu Grigorov , Davidov Krasimir Stoianov
Published: November 2015

One part of universal tendencies that are connected with armament building now is orientated to creating new models of small arms, that have increased battle effectiveness. The grouping is one of the most important technical characterizations that increase battle effectiveness of small arms. In many cases, adding muzzle devices increases bullet dispersing. In order to avoid this, it is necessary that the grouping in these cases should be investigated. This article presents an experimental investigation on the influence of an additional mounted on barrel edge concentrated mass over the grouping of gunshot hits in single shooting.
The Multilayered Plate Behaviour Under Bomb Impact
Authors: Lupoae Marin , Bârsan Ghiţă , Constantin Daniel , Buliga Dan
Published: November 2015

The paper presents some aspects regarding the response of a protective structure under the impact produced by an aerial bomb. The top slab of the protective structure is composed by three layers of different materials: rigid layer made of concrete, elastic layer made by a powdered material (clay, sand etc.) and structural layer made of concrete. The theoretical, although useful, it has not captured all the details regarding the behaviour of a layered slab under such loadings. The paper addresses in terms of numerically study the influence of different parameters of the layers (thickness, material and layout) and weapons of destruction (speed and angle of inclination of the projectile) on the maximum deformation of the base layer of the layered slab.
Risk Other Than Attack – Substances Transportation
Authors: Moşteanu Dănuţ , Trefaş Lucian , Trefaş Alexandra-Simona , Moşteanu Ruxandra
Published: November 2015

The modern era, alongside with the very fast development of technology rise challenging threats to human establishments. A large number of industrial processes include the usage of substances that present themselves as dangerous for life. Therefore, one is obliged to look into ways of reducing the risk of accidents that could affect the population surrounding the industrial sites. Given the fact that Romania has signed the “Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction”, risk other than attack remains the main threat in the field. The article is aimed at studying what is considered to be the most vulnerable process – transportation of hazardous substances.
The Study Of Special Vehicle Braking System Working Temperatures
Authors: Puncioiu Alin-Marian , Vedinaş Ioan , Vînturiş Valentin
Published: November 2015

The paper presents the calculation of brake mechanism which involves determining the forces needed to be applied by the drive to reach the required braking moments at the wheel. The importance of braking system characteristics derived from how to active handle the vehicle and affect, in a decisive measure, valuing the performance of vehicle velocity and acceleration. Also, to assess the performance of braking mechanism, they aim to define the coefficient of efficiency and determining effectiveness characteristic depending on the thermal regime of work. Heating influences the dynamic performance of the vehicle brakes safely. To identify the evolution of brake heating they have become the realization of a measurement chain that was used for the measurement of all parameters during a long braking period. In the conclusions presented they show temperatures measured and how they could affect the determination of wear regime in operation.