bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Endodesmiadiol, a Friedelane Triterpenoid, and Other Antiplasmodial Compounds from Endodesmia calophylloides.
Authors: Ngouamegne Erasmienne Tambou , Fongang Rene Soh , Ngouela Silvere , Boyom Fabrice Fekam , Rohmer Michel , Tsamo Etienne , Gut Jiri , Rosenthal Philip Jon
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Syntheses of Coronarin A (Ib), Coronarin E (Ia), Austrochaparol (II) and Pacovatinin A (III).
Authors: Miyake Takahiro , Uda Keisuke , Kinoshita Masako , Fujii Mikio , Akita Hiroyuki
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Four New Chamigrane Sesquiterpenoids from the Opistobranch Mollusk Aplysia dactylomela.
Authors: Shubina L. K. , Fedorov S. N. , Kalinovskiy A. I. , Dmitrenok A. S. , Jin J. O. , Song M. G. , Kwak J. Y. , Stonik V. A.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Route to β‐Cyclopropyl Amino Acids Utilizing 1,2‐Dioxines and Stabilized Phosphonate Nucleophiles.
Authors: Avery Thomas D. , Greatrex Ben W. , Pedersen Daniel Sejer , Taylor Dennis K. , Tiekink Edward R. T.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a β‐Tetrapeptide Analogue as a Mother Compound for the Development of Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2‐Imaging Agents.
Authors: Mukai Takahiro , Suganuma Noriko , Soejima Kenta , Sasaki Junichi , Yamamoto Fumihiko , Maeda Minoru
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Establishment of Polygalatenosides A (Ia) and B (Ib) by Total Synthesis.
Authors: Huang Chih‐Ming , Liu Rai‐Shung , Wu Tian‐Shung , Cheng Wei‐Chieh
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of Branched‐Chain Glycosamines by Radical Addition of Nitromethane to Glycals.
Authors: Elamparuthi Elangovan , Linker Torsten
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Stemona Alkaloids from the Roots of Stemona sessilifolia.
Authors: Guo Aobo , Jin Li , Deng Zhiwei , Cai Shaoqing , Guo Shunxin , Lin Wenhan
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Secondary Metabolites from the Mycelia of the Fungus Monascus pilosus BCRC 38072
Authors: Cheng Ming‐Jen , Wu Ming‐Der , Chen Ih‐Sheng , Yuan Gwo‐Fang
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Hepatoprotective Coumarinolignoids from Mallotus apelta.
Authors: Xu Jian‐Fu , Feng Zi‐Ming , Liu Jian , Zhang Pei‐Cheng
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Phytoconstituents from Rumex maritimus.
Authors: Abdullah S. Tarique , Hamid Hinna , Alam M. Sarwar , Ansari S. H. , Ali Mohammad
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Laxanol, a New 2,5‐Diaryl‐3,4‐dihydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran Type Lignan from Justicia laxa.
Authors: Hu Jin‐Feng , Starks Courtney M. , Garo Eliane , Hough Grayson W. , Rice Stephanie M. , Goering Matt G. , O'Neil‐Johnson Mark , Eldridge Gary R.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 7‐Methyl‐9‐oxo‐dec‐7‐eneoic Acid from the Red Sea Sponge Ircinia sp.
Authors: Tatli I. Irem , Kong F. , Feng Xidong , Carter Guy , Rao Karumanchi V. , Hamann Mark T.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Biflavonoids from Cephalotaxus harringtonia var. fastigiata (Cephalotaxaceae).
Authors: Sasaki Hiroaki , Miki Kazuhiko , Koyama Kiyotaka , Kinoshita Kaoru , Takahashi Kunio
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Abiesanol A, a Novel Biflavanol with Unique Six Connective Hexacyclic Rings Isolated from Abies georgei.
Authors: Zhang Chuan , et al. et al.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Quinolone Antibiotics Utilizing Azetidine Derivatives Obtained from 1‐Azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
Authors: Ikee Yoshifumi , Hashimoto Kana , Kamino Mai , Nakashima Masaaki , Hayashi Kazuhiko , Sano Shigeki , Shiro Motoo , Nagao Yoshimitsu
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (+)‐Neopeltolide by a Prins Macrocyclization.
Authors: Woo Sang Kook , Kwon Min Sang , Lee Eun
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 2‐(2′‐Arylidene‐hydrazino‐acetyl‐amino)‐4‐phenyl‐1,3‐thiazoles and 2‐[2′‐{4′′‐Substituted‐aryl‐3′′‐chloro‐2′′‐oxo‐azetidine}‐acetyl‐amino] ‐4‐phenyl‐1,3‐thiazoles.
Authors: Sonwane S. K. , Srivastava S. D. , Srivastava S. K.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanochemical Synthesis of Complex Oxides
Authors: Zyryanov V. V.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microfabricated Solid State Thin Film Lithium Batteries
Authors: Oukassi Sami , Salot Raphael , Pereira‐Ramos Jean‐Pierre
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Structure of Ferromagnet—Insulator Interfaces: Fe/MgO and Co/MgO
Authors: Mueller Martina
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR Spectroscopy, MRI and Dynamic NMR Microscopy for the in situ Monitoring of Gas Dynamics in Opaque Media Including Combustion Processes
Authors: Pavlovskaya Galina E. , Meersmann Thomas
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diffusion in Nanoporous Materials
Authors: Kaerger Joerg , Stallmach Frank , Valiullin Rustem , Vasenkov Sergey
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Luminescent Complexes Beyond the Platinum Group: The d10 Avenue
Authors: Barbieri Andreas , Accorsi Gianluca , Armaroli Nicola
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Enantioselective Trifluoromethylation Reactions
Authors: Shibata Norio , Mizuta Satoshi , Toru Takeshi
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,7‐Electrocyclizations of Azomethine Ylides: Scope and Synthetic Aspects
Authors: Nyerges Miklos , Toth Judit , Groundwater Paul W.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Iodination of Organic Compounds Using Elemental Iodine or Iodides
Authors: Stavber Stojan , Jereb Marjan , Zupan Marko
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Environmental Photochemistry in Heterogeneous Media
Authors: Gonzalez Monica C. , San Roman Enrique
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxazolidin‐2‐one Ring, a Popular Framework in Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Part 2. Applications and Modifications
Authors: Zappia G. , Cancelliere G. , Gacs‐Baitz E. , Delle Monache G. , Misiti D. , Nevola L. , Botta B.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Towards Photoswitchable Enediyne Antibiotics: Single‐ and Two‐Photon Triggering of Bergman Cyclization
Authors: Polukhtine Andrei , Karpov Grigori , Popik Vladimir V.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Marine Cytotoxic Macrolides Haterumalides and Biselides, and Related Natural Products
Authors: Kigoshi Hideo , Hayakawa Ichiro
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: From Three‐Membered Rings to Important Things: Cyclopropanoids
Authors: Halton Brian
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lower‐Rim Substituted Calixarenes and Their Applications
Authors: Jose Princy , Menon Shobana
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Use of Immobilized Metal Complex Catalysts in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Jones Christopher W. , Holbach Michael , Richardson John , Sommer William , Weck Marcus , Yu Kunquan , Zheng Xiaolai
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diamondoid Molecules
Authors: Mansoori G. Ali
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Encoding Techniques for Pool Libraries of Small Organic Molecules
Authors: Seneci Pierfausto
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solution Phase Combinatorial Libraries of Small Organic Molecules
Authors: Ferritto Rafael , de Magistris Elisabetta , Missio Andrea , Paio Alfredo , Seneci Pierfausto
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Organic Libraries
Authors: Felder Eduard R. , Berta Daniela G.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Macrocyclic Peptoids: N‐Alkylated Cyclopeptides and Depsipeptides
Authors: Wessjohann Ludger A. , Andrade Carlos Kleber Z. , Vercillo Otilie E. , Rivera Daniel G.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Imagination and Creation: 1‐Hydroxyindole Chemistry and the Dream Challenge
Authors: Somei Masanori
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Irinotecan Pharmacogenetics in Japanese Cancer Patients: Roles of UGT1A1*6 and *28
Authors: Sai Kimie , Sawada Jun‐ichi , Minami Hironobu
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Serotonin Receptors
Authors: Nichols David E. , Nichols Charles D.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium‐Coupled Neurotransmitter Transporters
Authors: Kanner Baruch I. , Zomot Elia
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 1H and 13C High‐Resolution Solid‐State NMR of Paramagnetic Compounds under Very Fast Magic Angle Spinning
Authors: Ishii Yoshitaka , Wickramasinghe Nalinda P.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Zero‐Field NMR: NMR and NQR in Zero Magnetic Field
Authors: Zax David B.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: EPR: Principles
Authors: McGarvey Bruce R.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: SNIF—NMR. Part 1. Principles
Authors: Martin Gerard J. , Akoka Serge , Martin Maryvonne L.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid State NMR of Xerogels
Authors: Yarger J. L. , Buttry D. A. , Holland G. P.
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Site‐Specific Characterization of Structure and Dynamics of Complex Materials by EPR Spin Probes
Authors: Hinderberger Dariush , Jeschke Gunnar
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rheo‐NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Schmidt Claudia
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Determination of Absolute Configurations by X‐Ray Crystallography and 1H NMR Anisotropy
Authors: Harada Nobuyuki
Published: August 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A priori estimate for convex solutions to special Lagrangian equations and its application
Authors: Chen Jingyi , Yuan Yu , Warren Micah
Published: August 2008

We derive a priori interior Hessian estimates for special Lagrangian equations when the potential is convex. When the phase is very large, we show that continuous viscosity solutions are smooth in the interior of the domain. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On Monge‐Ampère equations with homogenous right‐hand sides
Authors: Daskalopoulos Panagiota , Savin Ovidiu
Published: August 2008

We study the regularity and behavior at the origin of solutions to the two‐dimensional degenerate Monge‐Ampère equation det D2u = |x|α with α > −2. We show that when α > 0, solutions admit only two possible behaviors near the origin, radial and nonradial, which in turn implies C2, δ‐regularity. We also show that the radial behavior is unstable. For α < 0 we prove that solutions admit only the radial behavior near the origin. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bioengineering and Imaging Research Opportunities Workshop V: A summary on Imaging and Characterizing Structure and Function in Native and Engineered Tissues
Authors: Hendee William R. , Cleary Kevin , Ehman Richard L. , Fullerton Gary D. , Grundfest Warren S. , Haller John , Kelley Christine A. , Meyer Anne E. , Murphy Robert F. , Phillips William , Torchilin Vladimir P.
Published: August 2008

The Fifth Bioengineering and Imaging Research Opportunities Workshop (BIROW V) was held on January 18–19, 2008. As with previous BIROW meetings, the purpose of BIROW V was to identify and characterize research and engineering opportunities in biomedical engineering and imaging. The topic of this BIROW meeting was Imaging and Characterizing Structure and Function in Native and Engineered Tissues. Under this topic, four areas were explored in depth:1) Heterogeneous single‐cell measurements and their integration into tissue and organism models;2) Functional, molecular, and structural imaging of engineered tissue in vitro and in vivo;3) New technologies for characterizing cells and tissues in situ;4) Imaging for targeted cell, gene, and drug delivery. © 2008 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
The influence of plasma apolipoprotein A‐II concentrations on HDL subclass distribution
Authors: Tian Li , Wu Xinwei , Fu Mingde , Xu Yanhua , Jia Lianqun
Published: August 2008

Background and aims: To investigate the impact of plasma apoA‐II concentrations on the alteration of HDL subclass distribution, and the cooperative effect of apoA‐I and apoA‐II on it. Methods and results: The apoA‐I contents of plasma HDL subclasses were quantified by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis associated with immunodetection for 292 Chinese people. These subjects were divided according to the mean ± 1 SD of apoA‐II and apoA‐I levels as two cut‐points, respectively. Compared with the low‐apoA‐II group, the apoA‐I contents of HDL3a (in the high group), HDL3b, and HDL2b increased strikingly, both in the middle‐ and high‐apoA‐II group. The apoA‐I contents of all HDL subclasses increased progressively when the apoA‐I and apoA‐II levels simultaneously or the apoA‐I/apoA‐II ratio increased, and in comparison to the low‐apoA‐I–A‐II levels group, the apoA‐I contents of HDL2b (115%) increased more significantly than those of preβ1‐HDL (39%) in the high‐apoA‐I–A‐II levels group. Multiple analyses also indicated that the three HDL subclasses, HDL3a, HDL3b and HDL2b, were independently predicted by apoA‐II. Conclusion: Excess apoA‐II can cause the accumulation of both large‐sized HDL2b and small‐sized HDL3, which implies that apoA‐II plays a double role in the HDL maturation metabolism. Meanwhile, the degree of HDL2b increased significantly relative to that of preβ1‐HDL when apoA‐I and apoA‐II levels were elevated simultaneously, suggesting that the maturation and metabolism of HDL might be promoted and reverse cholesterol transport might be enhanced.
Sensory assessment of virgin rapeseed oils
Authors: Brühl Ludger , Matthäus Bertrand
Published: August 2008

Virgin rapeseed oil is appreciated for its unique fresh and mild taste that resembles asparagus, cabbage or fresh green vegetables. These flavour properties are directly correlated with the value of the oil for the consumer and determine the success or failure of this product on the market. The sensory assessment of virgin rapeseed oils is presented, the advantages and challenges of a panel group are discussed, and the preparation of test samples with known off‐flavours is explained. Another way to improve the acceptability of virgin rapeseed oil on the market and to strengthen the confidence of the consumer in this product is to award good products with the German Society for Fat Science (DGF) medal.
Enzyme‐assisted aqueous extraction of oil and protein from canola (Brassica napus L.) seeds
Authors: Latif Sajid , Diosady Levente L. , Anwar Farooq
Published: August 2008

The emphasis of this study was to investigate the effect of enzymes on aqueous extraction of canola (Brassica napus L.) seed oil and protein. Four enzymes, Protex 7L, Multifect Pectinase FE, Multifect CX 13L, and Natuzyme, were tested for their effectiveness in releasing oil and protein during aqueous extraction. The enzyme‐extracted oil content of canola seeds (22.2–26.0%) was found to be significantly (p <0.05) higher than that of the control (without enzyme) (16.48%). An appreciable amount of protein (3.5–5.9%) originally present in the seed was extracted into the aqueous and creamy phases during aqueous extraction of oil. The physicochemical properties of oils extracted from canola seed by conventional solvent extraction, and aqueous extraction, with or without enzyme addition were compared. Significant (p <0.05) differences were observed in free fatty acid content, specific extinctions at 232 and 270 nm, peroxide value, color (1‐inch cell) and concentration of tocopherols (α, γ, and δ). However, no significant variation (p <0.05) was observed in iodine value, refractive index (40 °C), density (24 °C), saponification value, unsaponifiable matter and fatty acid composition. A better oil quality was obtained with aqueous extraction (with and without enzyme) than with solvent extraction. While the enzymes enhanced the oil extraction, the oil yield was still significantly (p <0.05) lower than that obtained by solvent (hexane) extraction.
Synthesis of New β‐Hydroxy Nitrate Esters as Potential Glycomimetics or Vasodilators
Authors: Cavdar Huseyin , Saracoglu Nurullah
Published: August 2008

New β‐hydroxy nitrates have been synthesized by the ring‐opening reaction of epoxides with Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, which was used both as a catalyst and reagent. The synthesized molecules are both potential cyclitol mimetics and vasodilators as a result of their hydroxy groups and nitrate esters. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Kinetic Study of Michael Addition Catalyzed by N‐Methylimidazole in Ionic Liquids: Residual N‐Methylimidazole in Ionic Liquids as a Strong Base
Authors: Mečiarová Mária , Cigáň Marek , Toma Štefan , Gáplovský Anton
Published: August 2008

Michael addition of malonodinitrile to chalcone was studied in classical organic solvent as well as in some common ionic liquids (ILs). Kinetic studies proved that the reaction proceeded faster in the studied ILs than in molecular solvents. N‐methylimidazole was found to be a better basic catalyst in some ILs than in conventional solvents. Residual N‐methylimidazole in imidazolium‐based ILs can act as a basic catalyst. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Pecuniary compensation increases participation in screening for colorectal cancer
Authors: Aas Eline
Published: August 2008

The participation rate in medical screening programmes is typically below 100%, which means that not all potential health benefits are fully exploited. In this paper, the prospect of pecuniary compensation is tested as a method of increasing the participation rate. We propose a model explaining the individual's probability of participating in screening for colorectal cancer when he is offered pecuniary compensation, given that he did not participate when first invited. The participant's decision is based on both known and uncertain factors. The estimation is conducted in two steps, where a binary probit model is used in each. We find that pecuniary compensation increases the probability of participation, and that an individual's participation probability systematically varies with variables such as travel expenses, income, age, education level, expected benefit from the screening, use of health‐care services, genetic predisposition and subjective health status. Using the results from the estimation, we predict changes in the participation rate for different levels of compensation and estimate the cost per additional individual screened. The cost per additional individual screened is 808, including 25 in compensation; this cost increases with the level of compensation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transferability indices for health economic evaluations: methods and applications
Authors: Antonanzas Fernando , Rodríguez‐Ibeas Roberto , Juárez Carmelo , Hutter Florencia , Lorente Reyes , Pinillos Mariola
Published: August 2008

In this paper, we have elaborated an index in two phases to measure the degree of transferability of the results of the economic evaluation of health technologies. In the first phase, we have considered the objective factors (critical and non‐critical) to derive a general transferability index, which can be used to measure this internal property of the studies of economic evaluation applied to health technologies. In the second phase, with a more specific index, we have measured the degree of applicability of the results of a given study to a different setting. Both indices have been combined (arithmetic and geometric mean) to obtain a global transferability index. We have applied the global index to a sample of 27 Spanish studies on infectious diseases. We have obtained an average value for the index of 0.54, quite far from the maximum theoretical value of 1. We also found that 11 studies lacked some critical factor and were directly deemed as not transferable. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytosine deaminase expressing human mesenchymal stem cells mediated tumour regression in melanoma bearing mice
Authors: Kucerova Lucia , Matuskova Miroslava , Pastorakova Andrea , Tyciakova Silvia , Jakubikova Jana , Bohovic Roman , Altanerova Veronika , Altaner Cestmir
Published: August 2008

Background

Previously, we validated capability of human adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT‐MSC) to serve as cellular vehicles for gene‐directed enzyme prodrug molecular chemotherapy. Yeast fusion cytosine deaminase : uracil phosphoribosyltransferase expressing AT‐MSC (CDy‐AT‐MSC) combined with systemic 5‐fluorocytosine (5FC) significantly inhibited growth of human colon cancer xenografts. We aimed to determine the cytotoxic efficiency to other tumour cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Methods

CDy‐AT‐MSC/5FC‐mediated proliferation inhibition against a panel of human tumour cells lines was evaluated in direct and indirect cocultures in vitro. Antitumour effect was tested on immunodeficient mouse model in vivo.

Results

Although culture expansion of CDy‐AT‐MSC sensitized these cells to 5FC mediated suicide effect, expanded CDy‐AT‐MSC/5FC still exhibited strong bystander cytotoxic effect towards human melanoma, glioblastoma, colon, breast and bladder carcinoma in vitro. Most efficient inhibition (91%) was observed in melanoma A375 cell line when directly cocultured with 2% of therapeutic cells CDy‐AT‐MSC/5FC. The therapeutic paradigm of the CDy‐AT‐MSC/5FC system was further evaluated on melanoma A375 xenografts on nude mice in vivo. Complete regression in 89% of tumours was achieved when 20% CDy‐AT‐MSC/5FC were co‐injected along with tumour cells. More importantly, systemic CDy‐AT‐MSC administration resulted in therapeutic cell homing into subcutaneous melanoma and mediated tumour growth inhibition.

Conclusions

CDy‐AT‐MSC capability of targeting subcutaneous melanoma offers a possibility to selectively produce cytotoxic agent in situ. Our data further demonstrate beneficial biological properties of AT‐MSC as a cellular vehicle for enzyme/prodrug therapy approach to molecular chemotherapy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Initial soil moisture as a predictor of subsequent severe summer weather in the cropped grassland of the Canadian Prairie provinces
Authors: Hanesiak John , Tat An , Raddatz Richard L.
Published: August 2008

Soil moisture, along with the type and stage of the vegetation, influences the thermodynamic structure of the atmosphere by regulating heat and moisture fluxes in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). This study examined whether the modelled aerial‐average root‐zone soil moisture (RzSm) in ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ areas of the cropped grassland of the Canadian Prairie provinces had predictive value in determining if these areas would subsequently have above‐ or below‐normal occurrences and event days of severe summer convective weather (i.e. tornadoes, hail, heavy rains, and/or strong winds). RzSm, simulated by the Prairie Agro‐climate Model, for the 1997–2003 growing seasons was analyzed three times per season. Dry areas with RzSm ⩽50% of available water holding capacity (AWHC) and wet areas with RzSm > 50% of AWHC were delineated post‐snowmelt, on 15th June, and on 15th July. The aerial‐average RzSm levels in the dry and in the wet areas were calculated, and plotted against the relative number of occurrences and number of event days that were recorded during the remainder of the growing season for the various types of severe summer convective weather. In each case, the best‐fit linear regression line and the variance that it explained (r2 value) were computed. The hypothesis that the slope of each regression line was significantly different from zero was then tested. A value of r2 close to or greater than 0.25 was arbitrarily used as a cut‐off point—a relationship with an r2 close to or greater than this value, and with a regression line slope that was significantly different from zero, was selected as one which could have potential value in the climatological forecasting of severe summer convective weather. For most of the severe weather types, the relative number of occurrences and the relative number of event days, which were recorded subsequent to the three dates on which the aerial‐average RzSm was determined were greater in the wet areas than in the dry areas. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Effect of production site and storage on antioxidant levels in specialty potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers
Authors: Rosenthal Sarah , Jansky Shelley
Published: August 2008

BACKGROUND: The potato can make a significant contribution of antioxidants to the human diet. In this study, antioxidant levels in tubers of 14 specialty potato clones grown at four production sites (two conventional, two organic), both fresh and stored, were examined across 2 years.

RESULTS: Antioxidant activity of fresh tubers at all locations was higher in 2006 than in 2005. Cooler late‐season temperatures in 2006 may have been responsible for the increased levels of antioxidants. Stored tubers had higher levels of antioxidant activity than fresh tubers, with a larger storage effect in 2005, when antioxidant levels in fresh tubers were lower. There was no consistent effect of production system (organic versus conventional) on antioxidant activity in tubers.

CONCLUSION: For the specialty potato clones we evaluated, antioxidant levels were generally highest in potatoes grown in high‐yielding production environments, and they increased during storage. Therefore, potatoes with high nutritional value, in terms of antioxidant activity, can be produced using conventional production and storage systems. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Integrated community‐based growth monitoring and vegetable gardens focusing on crops rich in β‐carotene: Project evaluation in a rural community in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Laurie Sunette M , Faber Mieke
Published: August 2008

BACKGROUND: Cultivation in β‐carotene vegetables was promoted in a crop‐based intervention in Lusikisiki, Eastern Cape, South Africa. The project also included nutrition education and community‐based growth monitoring, and focused on technology transfer and mobilisation of local organisations. Three years after initiation of the project, participating (n = 219) and non‐participating (n = 223) households were compared in terms of child morbidity, nutritional knowledge, dietary intake and gardening practices.

RESULTS: Compared to control households, more caregivers from project households thought that yellow fruit and vegetables were good for their children (73% vs. 45%; P < 0.001), were familiar with the term ‘vitamin A’ (89% vs. 63%; P < 0.001), knew that vitamin A is a nutrient in food (83% vs. 53%; P < 0.001), and could name three food sources rich in vitamin A (56% vs. 27%; P < 0.001). Fewer 1–5‐year‐old children in the project households reportedly experienced vomiting (6% vs. 13%; P = 0.012), fever (30% vs. 42%; P = 0.008), sores on the skin (6% vs. 19%; P < 0.001), continuous runny nose (20% vs. 33%; P = 0.002), diarrhoea (2% vs. 7%; P = 0.026) and poor appetite (7% vs. 14%; P = 0.016). Children from project households consumed carrot (P = 0.008), butternut (P = 0.002), spinach (P = 0.004) and orange‐fleshed sweetpotato (P = 0.028) more frequently than children from control households.

CONCLUSION: The agricultural intervention, combined with nutrition education and community‐based growth monitoring, showed a favourable effect on child morbidity, nutritional knowledge and dietary intake of β‐carotene‐rich vegetables. Agricultural interventions can therefore contribute significantly towards nutritional outcomes. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
The polysaccharide composition of yellow passion fruit rind cell wall: chemical and macromolecular features of extracted pectins and hemicellulosic polysaccharides
Authors: Yapo Beda M , Koffi Kouassi L
Published: August 2008

BACKGROUND: Yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa Degener) is one of the main sources of juice production in tropical regions, the extraction of which generates large amounts of rind and seeds as by‐products. In a view to valorize rinds as a possible fiber source, the whole polysaccharide composition is first investigated.

RESULTS: Cell wall material, from rinds, consists of ∼80% (w/w) non‐starchy polysaccharides, of which 42% is cellulose, 25% pectic substances and 12% hemicelluloses. Fractional extraction of non‐starchy polysaccharides from cell wall material showed that the degree of methyl esterification, intrinsic viscosity and weight‐average molecular mass of extracted pectins range widely from 5 to 40, from 170 to 580 mL g−1 and from 58 000 to 105 000 g mol−1, respectively. Likewise, the intrinsic viscosity and weight‐average molecular mass of extracted hemicellulosic polysaccharides range from 40 to 55 mL g−1 and from 21 000 to 48 000 g mol−1, respectively. Chromatographic fractionation of hemicellulosic fractions and glycosyl linkage analysis substantiate the presence of ∼90% (w/w) of xyloglucans and 10% (w/w) of glucomannans of the whole fraction.

CONCLUSION: The cell wall material, obtained from yellow passion fruit rinds, contains high amounts of non‐starchy polysaccharides. Cellulose appears to be the predominant polysaccharide, thus denoting a potential insoluble fiber source. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Analysing the contribution of component cultivars and cultivar combinations to malting quality, yield and disease in complex mixtures
Authors: Newton Adrian C , Hackett Christine A , Swanston J Stuart
Published: August 2008

BACKGROUND: Mixtures of cereal cultivars grown together generally enhance yield and reduce disease but end‐users will not accept them for quality uses. Some combinations with very different quality may be problematic, others complementary. The common origin of Maris Otter for quality in winter barley may enable the benefits of complex mixtures to be exploited without quality compromises.

RESULTS: Seven winter barley cultivar monocultures and all their equal proportion mixtures were trialled and data analysed by ANOVA, REML and principal component analyses to determine the contribution of particular varieties or combinations to crop performance. Agronomic yield was positively correlated with component number. Pipkin contributed negatively to thousand grain weight (TGW), but positively to several quality traits; Gleam negatively to the same quality traits but strongly positively to yield; and Melanie combined strong yield and TGW characteristics with neutral quality traits. Interactions in mixtures with Maris Otter, from which most of the cultivars are likely to derive some of their quality traits, were less apparent for quality than for yield.

CONCLUSIONS: Complex mixtures gave yield benefits generally without compromising quality, and analysis methods were developed to identify the beneficial or negative effects of component cultivars on malting quality traits, thereby providing data for optimising mixtures design. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Macromol. Mater. Eng. 7/2008
Authors: Nemoto Tomoyuki , Takagi Jun , Ohshima Masahiro
Published: August 2008

Cover: Bubble nucleation sites and growth in polymer foaming can be controlled in dispersed elastomer domains of polymer blends by using the morphology as a template and exploiting the differences in CO2 solubility and viscosity between the disperse and the matrix phase. SEM micrographs of the polymer blend before (left) and after foaming (right) are shown in the cover picture. The cartoon illustrates the procedure of physical foaming of polymer blends. Further details can be found in the article by T. Nemoto, J. Takagi, and M. Ohshima* on page 574.