bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF EFFECT OF CRYO-TREATMENT ON MICROMILLING OF INCONEL 718
Authors: TRIPATHY PADMAJA , MAITY KALIPADA
Published: May 2020

In this paper, the effect of cutting parameters during micromilling on surface finish and material removal rate is presented. Inconel 718 alloy and high-speed steel micro end mill are used as work material and cutting tool, respectively. High-speed steel end mill of 1 mm diameter is subjected to cryogenic treatment. Machining studies are performed on Inconel alloy using untreated and cryogenic treated cutters. The milling tests are conducted at three different values of feed rate, cutting speed and depth of cut. Also, tool wear, microstructure and microhardness of different treated and untreated end mill are investigated and discussed in detail. The results showed that cryogenic treatment significantly improved the tool wear. The surface finish produced on machining the work-piece is better with the cryogenic treated tools than when compared with the untreated tools. The material removal rate is better with the cryogenic treated tools than when compared with the untreated tools. Improvement in tool life was up to 53.16% for Inconel 718 material when machined with cryogenically treated micro end mill.
Empirical Investigation of the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Organisational Commitment and Turnover Intentions
Authors: Zeidan Susan
Published: May 2020

It can be observed that researchers in today’s generation have started to concentrate on what has previously been considered as the “soft” side of individual differences, including moods, feelings and emotions in relation to job performance. Emotional Intelligence (EI) as the software element of the mind is illuminated as a perspective and as a working construct. A lot of studies have correlated EI with job performance and mental ability, but some researchers believe that some concepts, such as organisational commitment, and turnover intentions, are still unexplored variables that need to be studied further especially in a non-western context. This study attempts to fill this gap by testing some of these links in the UAE. Data was collected from 321 employees of two large banks in the UAE and the analysis showed a strong correlation between all EI dimensions and turnover intentions. Results of the study also showed that organisational commitment mediated the relationship between EI and turnover intentions.
Applied theory of bending vibration of the piezoelectric and piezomagnetic bimorph
Authors: Binh Do Thanh , Chebanenko V. A. , Duong Le Van , Kirillova E. , Thang Pham Manh , Soloviev A. N.
Published: May 2020

Based on the variational principle, equations and boundary conditions for transverse steady vibrations of a bimorph consisting of a piezoelectric and piezomagnetic layers are obtained. The results of calculations of natural frequencies are compared with the finite element model of the device in ACELAN.
Some actuarial mathematical models for insuring the susceptibles of a communicable disease
Authors: Nkeki C. I. , Ekhaguere G. O. S.
Published: May 2020

Using epidemiological and actuarial analysis, this paper formulates some new actuarial mathematical models, called S-I-DR-S models, for insuring the susceptibles of a population exposed to a communicable disease. Epidemiologically, the population is structured into four demographic groups, namely: susceptibles [Formula: see text], infectives [Formula: see text], diseased [Formula: see text] and recovered [Formula: see text], with the latter automatically re-entering the group of susceptibles [Formula: see text]. The insurance policies are targeted at the members of the susceptible group who face the risk of infection and death due to the disease. Using actuarial techniques and principles, we determine some interesting features of the model, namely, (a) financial obligations of the parties, (b) present value of premiums, (c) quantum of claims by infected policy holders (PHs), (d) quantum of claims on behalf of deceased PHs, (e) cumulative insurance reserve for annuity and (f) lump sum plan. To check the risk of insolvency, premium adjustment for the PHs is also considered.
Progress, Challenges, and Surprises in Annotating the Human Genome
Authors: Zerbino Daniel R. , Frankish Adam , Flicek Paul
Published: May 2020

Our understanding of the human genome has continuously expanded since its draft publication in 2001. Over the years, novel assays have allowed us to progressively overlay layers of knowledge above the raw sequence of A's, T's, G's, and C's. The reference human genome sequence is now a complex knowledge base maintained under the shared stewardship of multiple specialist communities. Its complexity stems from the fact that it is simultaneously a template for transcription, a record of evolution, a vehicle for genetics, and a functional molecule. In short, the human genome serves as a frame of reference at the intersection of a diversity of scientific fields. In recent years, the progressive fall in sequencing costs has given increasing importance to the quality of the human reference genome, as hundreds of thousands of individuals are being sequenced yearly, often for clinical applications. Also, novel sequencing-based assays shed light on novel functions of the genome, especially with respect to gene expression regulation. Keeping the human genome annotation up to date and accurate is therefore an ongoing partnership between reference annotation projects and the greater community worldwide.
Is there an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on male fertility? The ACE2 connection
Authors: Younis Johnny S. , Abassi Zaid , Skorecki Karl
Published: May 2020

The viral pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), generated by a novel mutated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has become a serious worldwide public health emergency, evolving exponentially. While the main organ targeted in this disease is the lungs, other vital organs, such as the heart and kidney, may be implicated. The main host receptor of the SARS-CoV-2 is angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a major component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). The ACE2 is also involved in testicular male regulation of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. As the SARS-CoV-2 may have the potential to infect the testis via ACE2 and adversely affect male reproductive system, it is essential to commence with targeted studies to learn from the current pandemic, with the possibility of preemptive intervention, depending on the findings and time course of the continuing pandemic.
Fuling‐Guizhi Herb Pair in Coronary Heart Disease: Integrating Network Pharmacology and In Vivo Pharmacological Evaluation
Authors: Duan Bailu , Han Lintao , Ming Shuping , Li JingJing , Wang Qiong , Zhang Dongning , Tian Guangyu , Huang Fang
Published: May 2020

The Fuling (Poria cocos)‐Guizhi (Cinnamomi ramulus) herb pair (FGHP) is a commonly used traditional Chinese herbal formula with coronary heart disease (CHD) treatment potential. However, the mechanism of FGHP in the treatment of CHD was still unclear. In this study, the action targets and underlying mechanism of FGHP against CHD were successfully achieved by combined network pharmacology prediction with experimental verification. 76 common targets were screened out by overlapping the chemical‐protein data of FGHP and CHD‐related targets. Then, two key targets were further selected for verification by using western blot analysis after analyzing PPI, GO function, and KEGG pathway. Results indicated FGHP could alleviate CHD syndromes and regulate inflammatory responses in acute myocardial ischemia rats, and the reduction of expression of TNF‐α and IL‐6 in myocardial tissue would be one of its possible underlying mechanisms. Our work demonstrated that network pharmacology combined with experimental verification provides a credible method to elucidate the pharmacological mechanism of FGHP against CHD.
High-Performance Machine Learning for Large-Scale Data Classification considering Class Imbalance
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Xiang , Chen Xianbang , Wang Xi , Li Huaqiang
Published: May 2020

Currently, data classification is one of the most important ways to analysis data. However, along with the development of data collection, transmission, and storage technologies, the scale of the data has been sharply increased. Additionally, due to multiple classes and imbalanced data distribution in the dataset, the class imbalance issue is also gradually highlighted. The traditional machine learning algorithms lack of abilities for handling the aforementioned issues so that the classification efficiency and precision may be significantly impacted. Therefore, this paper presents an improved artificial neural network in enabling the high-performance classification for the imbalanced large volume data. Firstly, the Borderline-SMOTE (synthetic minority oversampling technique) algorithm is employed to balance the training dataset, which potentially aims at improving the training of the back propagation neural network (BPNN), and then, zero-mean, batch-normalization, and rectified linear unit (ReLU) are further employed to optimize the input layer and hidden layers of BPNN. At last, the ensemble learning-based parallelization of the improved BPNN is implemented using the Hadoop framework. Positive conclusions can be summarized according to the experimental results. Benefitting from Borderline-SMOTE, the imbalanced training dataset can be balanced, which improves the training performance and the classification accuracy. The improvements for the input layer and hidden layer also enhance the training performances in terms of convergence. The parallelization and the ensemble learning techniques enable BPNN to implement the high-performance large-scale data classification. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the presented classification algorithm.
Using Topomer Comparative Molecular Field Analysis to Elucidate Activity Differences of Aminomethylenethiophene Derivatives as Lysyl Oxidase Inhibitors: Implications for Rational Design of Antimetastatic Agents for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Han Jing , Yan Guochao , Feng Jianping , Yang Xianglin , Zhou Yuan
Published: May 2020

Topomer comparative molecular field analysis (topomer CoMFA) is applied to the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study of aminomethylenethiophene (AMT) derivatives as lysyl oxidase (LOX) inhibitors. A total of thirty-six AMT derivatives were selected to build the QSAR model. The established topomer CoMFA model has the non-cross-validated correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.912 and the leave-one-out correlation coefficient (q2) of 0.540, which is statistically significant. The theoretically predicted anti-LOX potency agrees well with the experimentally observed inhibitory activity, proving the reasonable predictive ability of the QSAR model. The effect of molecular field information on the LOX inhibition of substituted aminomethylenethiophene was discussed in detail. The structural modification of the aminomethylenethiophene scaffold was carried out, and novel AMT derivatives with theoretically decent LOX inhibition were proposed. The topomer CoMFA modeling could provide a quantitative perspective into the structure-activity relationship of AMT derivatives and potentially speed up the rational design of LOX inhibitors as antimetastatic agents for cancer therapy.
Relieving Sore Throat Formula Exerts a Therapeutic Effect on Pharyngitis through Immunoregulation and NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Ding Yushi , Yu Suyun , Wei Zhonghong , Deng Rui , Chen Peng , Sun Yifan , Jia Qi , Li Xiaoman , Wu Yuanyuan , Chen Wenxing , Zanker Kurt S. , Wang Aiyun , Lu Yin
Published: May 2020

Relieving Sore Throat Formula (RSTF) is a formula approved by the China Food and Drug Administration and has been used for the treatment of pharyngitis in clinic for many years. However, the potential pharmacological mechanism still remains unknown. We combined multiple methods including bioinformatics data digging, network pharmacology analysis, and pathway analysis to predict the potential target of RSTF. We verified our in silico prediction results with an in vivo/vitro antibacterial effect test, mouse phagocytic index test, proliferation, transformation, and migration of mouse spleen lymphocytes. Alteration of NF-κB pathway was determined by Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and PCR. The in vivo experiments demonstrated that the RSTF could significantly relieve the symptoms of pharyngitis. A rat saliva secretion test showed that RSTF can effectively relieve the xerostomia symptom. A phenol red excretion test showed that RSTF has an eliminating phlegm effect. A hot plate method and granuloma experiment proved that RSTF also have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. In silico prediction demonstrates that 70 active compounds of RSTF were filtered out through ADME screening and 84 putative targets correlated with different diseases. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the candidate targets were mostly related to the response to bacteria and immunity signalling pathways, which are known contributors to pharyngitis. Experimental results confirmed that RSTF exerted therapeutic effects on pharyngitis mainly by antibacterial effect and downregulation of NF-κB activities. It is demonstrated both in silico and in vivo/vitro that RSTF exerted therapeutic effects on pharyngitis mainly through an antibiotic effect and downregulation of NF-κB signalling pathway.
Efficacy and Safety of Sinomenine Preparation for Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Clinical Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Lin Shan-Shan , Liu Chun-Xiang , Zhang Jun-Hua , Wang Hui , Zhai Jing-Bo , Mao Jing-Yuan , Wang Xian-Liang
Published: May 2020

Objectives. To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of sinomenine preparation (SP) for treating ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods. Clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SP for treating AS were systematically identified in six electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang Databases from the inception up to 31 October 2019. Cochrane’s risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality and Review Manager 5.3 software was used to analyze data. Results. A total of 12 RCTs involving 835 patients were finally included. According to interventions, RCTs were divided into two types. The intervention in 10 RCTs was SP combined with conventional pharmacotherapy (CPT) versus CPT and that in 2 RCTs was SP alone versus CPT. The results of the meta‐analysis showed that, compared with CPT alone, SP combined with oral CPT has better improvement in BASDAI (WMD = −1.84, 95% CI [−3.31, −0.37], P = 0.01), morning stiffness time (WMD = −13.46, 95% CI [−16.12, −10.79], P < 0.00001), the Schober test (WMD = 1.26, 95% CI [0.72, 1.80], P < 0.00001), the occipital wall test (WMD = −0.55, 95% CI [−0.96, −0.14], P = 0.009), the finger‐to‐ground distance (WMD = −3.28, 95% CI [−5.64, −0.93], P = 0.006), 15 m walking time (WMD = −8.81, 95% CI [−13.42, −4.20], P = 0.0002), the C‐reactive protein (CRP) (WMD = −1.84, 95% CI [−3.24, −0.45], P = 0.01), and the total effective rate (RR = 1.10, 95% CI [1.01, 1.20], P = 0.03). Besides, it also showed that oral SP alone may be more effective in improving morning stiffness time (WMD = −31.89, 95% CI [−34.91, −28.87], P < 0.00001) compared with CPT alone. However, this study cannot provide evidence that loading the injectable SP based on CPT can significantly increase the efficacy due to the insufficient number of studies included. In terms of adverse events, there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusions. This study shows that oral SP may be effective and safe in the treatment of AS. Due to the low methodological quality of the included RCTs and the limitations of the meta‐analysis, it is still necessary to carry out more multicenter, large‐sample, and high‐quality RCTs to further verify the conclusions. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018099170), and the review was constructed following the PRISMA guidelines (Annex 1).
Parameter Analysis of Wall Thickness of Cured-in-Place Pipe Linings for Semistructured Rehabilitation of Concrete Drainage Pipe
Authors: Fang Hongyuan , Yang Kangjian , Li Bin , He Hang , Xue Binghan
Published: May 2020

Frequent accidents caused by underground pipeline damage are a widespread societal concern. Trenchless rehabilitation methods, particularly cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, are increasingly used for pipeline repair with great success. Existing research is mainly concerned with practical improvements in rehabilitation and evaluating the performance of rehabilitation. In this study, the model of corroded buried concrete pipeline that had been rehabilitated with CIPP was established using numerical methods, and the Mesh-based parallel-Code Coupling Interface (MpCCI) was used to investigate multifield coupling effects of soil pressure, traffic load, and fluid-structure interactions. Moreover, the influences of corrosion depth, corrosion width, traffic load, cover depth, and water quantity on CIPP wall thickness were compared and analyzed. The result shows that maximum principal stress and vertical displacement of pipeline markedly decreased after CIPP rehabilitation, and thus the new CIPP can carry loads in a deteriorated pipe. Stress and displacement of the composite pipe liner were positively correlated with corrosion depth and negatively correlated with corrosion width. Increase in traffic load rapidly increases von Mises stress of CIPP, and increase in cover depth rapidly increases maximum principal stress of pipeline. Water flow has little effect on the pipe liner, and flow capacity increases slightly after CIPP rehabilitation. CIPP wall thickness was positively correlated with corrosion depth, traffic load, cover depth, and water quantity and negatively correlated with corrosion width.
A Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus/Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis Overlap Syndrome with Dissociated Pathological and Immunological Findings
Authors: Kato Kazuhiko , Kawamura Tetsuya , Terashima Risa , Tsuchiya Yukiko , Takahashi Yasuhito , Kasai Kenji , Yokoo Takashi
Published: May 2020

Systemic lupus erythematosus/antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis overlap syndrome (SLE/AAV OS) describes a pathological condition that presents with overlapping features of two diseases. There have been few reports of SLE/AAV OS and none from Japan. We present the case of a 59-year-old woman admitted with chief complaints of fever and decreased renal function. SLE was suspected due to the identification of four items from the diagnostic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology, including positivity for anti-ds-DNA and antinuclear antibodies. However, pathological findings from the kidney biopsy suggested pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis. She was also diagnosed with AAV according to the Chapel Hill Consensus Conference (CHCC) 2012 definitions and the classification algorithm of AAV. SLE/AAV OS was suspected, we started immunosuppressant therapy, and subsequently her renal function improved. In previous reports, initial immunological and pathological findings generally concur. In cases where clinical and pathological features appear to conflict, as in the present case, a treatment strategy decision should be based on pathological and immunological findings to improve the prognosis of OS.
Yolkin Isolated from Hen Egg Yolk as a Natural Immunoregulator, Activating Innate Immune Response in BMDM Macrophages
Authors: Kazana W. , Mitkiewicz M. , Ochnik M. , Sochocka M. , Zambrowicz A. , Piechowiak G. , Macała J. , Miernikiewicz P. , Zabłocka A.
Published: May 2020

One of the goals of biomedical sciences is to search and identify natural compounds that are safe, have no side effects, and possess immunostimulatory activity. It has been proven that medicines of natural origin can be effective agents, supporting the therapy of many diseases, not only in the weakened immune system of the body but also in the prevention of many diseases in healthy people. It has been shown that yolkin, a polypeptide complex isolated from hen egg yolk as a fraction accompanying immunoglobulin Y (IgY), possesses potential biological activity. However, the mechanism of its action has not been explained. The objective of this investigation was to examine the molecular mechanisms of innate immune response, activated in response to yolkin, in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). It was shown that yolkin induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-kinases (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and upregulated expression and production of type I interferons, TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α), and nitric oxide (NO), in BMDM cells. Using pharmacological inhibitors of ERK 1/2 and JNK kinases, we revealed that the JNK signaling cascade is required for yolkin-induced inducible NOS expression and upregulation of NO production in mouse macrophages. Using the TLR4-deficient BMDM cell line, we established that yolkin can activate macrophages in a TLR4-dependent manner. It was also shown that NO, TNF-α, and type I IFNs (α/β) produced by BMDM cells in response to yolkin triggered antiviral activity. These data indicate that yolkin affects the regulation of the immune system and antiviral response; therefore, it can be used as an effective immunostimulator of the innate immunity or as a supplement of the conventional therapy of immunodeficiency.
Robust Multiobjective Model Predictive Control with Computation Delay Compensation for Electric Vehicle Applications Using PMSM with Multilevel Inverter
Authors: Katkout Abdiddaim , Nasser Tamou , Essadki Ahmed
Published: May 2020

The Three-Level Neutral-Point-Clamped (3L-NPC) inverter fed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive is an attractive configuration for high performance Electric Vehicle (EV) applications. For such configuration, due to their high performances, the Finite-Control-Set Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) is a very attractive control solution. The FCS-MPC scheme is based on the prediction of the future behavior of the controlled variables using the dynamic model of PMSM and the discrete nature of the 3L-NPC inverter. However, the parametric uncertainties and time-varying parameters affect the FCS-MPC algorithm performances. In this paper, robust FCS-MPC controls based on “dynamic error correction” (DEC) and “modified revised prediction” (MRP) are proposed to improve the FCS-MPC robustness without affecting the controller performances and complexity. The proposed strategies are improved also by multiobjective (MO) algorithm optimization and computation delay compensation. The simulation results included prove the performance in robustness and efficiency of the proposed robust FCS-MPC-DEC.
Research on the Technological Innovation Efficiency of China’s Strategic Emerging Industries Based on SBM: NDEA Model and Big Data
Authors: Zhong Zuchang , Meng Fanchao , Zhu Yuanbing , Wang Gang
Published: May 2020

Characterized by large scale, variety, fast generation, and extremely high value but low density, big data can be used to mine effective information, provide users with auxiliary decision-making, and realize its own value. Based on the nonoriented SBM and the network DEA model, this paper systematically and objectively evaluates the technological innovation efficiency of strategic emerging industries in all provinces of China in 2002–2013. The study found the following. (1) The overall technological efficiency of China’s strategic emerging industries is low. The average of comprehensive efficiency is 0.278; of 26 provinces, only 8 are above the average level. (2) The efficiency in the commercialization stage of scientific and technological achievements of strategic emerging industries in the whole country and most of the provinces is higher than that in the stage of knowledge innovation. The inefficiency of the knowledge innovation stage restricts the efficiency promotion of China’s strategic emerging industries. (3) The overall innovation efficiency of strategic emerging industries has been increasing from 2002 to 2013. In comparison, the growth rate of pure technical efficiency is larger than that of scale efficiency. (4) The overall efficiency, the efficiency in the knowledge innovation stage, and the efficiency in the commercialization stage of scientific and technological achievements of the eastern region are higher than those of the central and western regions.
LPS‐Treated Podocytes Polarize Naive CD4+ T Cells into Th17 and Treg Cells
Authors: Yuan Da-Hai , Jia Yang , Hassan Omar Mohamud , Xu Li-Yun , Wu Xiao-Chuan
Published: May 2020

Aim. Our study is aimed at investigating whether Lipopolysaccharide‐ (LPS‐) treated podocytes could polarize naive CD4+ T cells into different subsets in vitro. Materials and Methods. Podocytes and mouse bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were first cultured with 25 μg/ml LPS for 6 hours, respectively. Then, naive CD4+ T cells were cocultured with the LPS‐treated podocytes or BMDCs at a ratio of 1 : 1 or 1 : 1 : 1. After 48 hours, we collected the suspended cells and supernatant from all groups to measure T helper (Th)17 cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells, and cytokine concentration. Results. We observed the expression of CD80 and major histocompatibility complex class II molecule (MHC II) in podocytes but did not found the upregulation of them after treating podocytes with LPS. LPS‐treated podocytes could induce naive CD4+ T cells to Th17 cells and Treg cells with a higher ratio of Th17/Treg than BMDCs. Possible interaction between podocytes and BMDCs may exist in the induction process of Th17 cells and Treg cells. Conclusion. Our study proved that CD80 and MHC II were constitutively expressed in podocytes but not upregulated by LPS. LPS‐treated podocytes could polarize naive CD4+ T cells into Th17 and Treg cells and affect the Th17/Treg balance and may incline to cause a Th17 response.
Test Gene-Environment Interactions for Multiple Traits in Sequencing Association Studies
Authors: Zhang Jianjun , Sha Qiuying , Hao Han , Zhang Shuanglin , Gao Xiaoyi Raymond , Wang Xuexia
Published: May 2020

Motivation: The risk of many complex diseases is determined by an interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The examination of gene-environment interactions (G×Es) for multiple traits can yield valuable insights about the etiology of the disease and increase power in detecting disease-associated genes. However, the methods for testing G×Es for multiple traits are very limited. Method: We developed novel approaches to test G×Es for multiple traits in sequencing association studies. We first perform a transformation of multiple traits by using either principal component analysis or standardization analysis. Then, we detect the effects of G×Es using novel proposed tests: testing the effect of an optimally weighted combination of G×Es (TOW-GE) and/or variable weight TOW-GE (VW-TOW-GE). Finally, we employ Fisher’s combination test to combine the p values. Results: Extensive simulation studies show that the type I error rates of the proposed methods are well controlled. Compared to the interaction sequence kernel association test (ISKAT), TOW-GE is more powerful when there are only rare risk and protective variants; VW-TOW-GE is more powerful when there are both rare and common variants. Both TOW-GE and VW-TOW-GE are robust to directions of effects of causal G×Es. Application to the COPDGene Study demonstrates that our proposed methods are very effective. Conclusions: Our proposed methods are useful tools in the identification of G×Es for multiple traits. The proposed methods can be used not only to identify G×Es for common variants, but also for rare variants. Therefore, they can be employed in identifying G×Es in both genome-wide association studies and next-generation sequencing data analyses.
ВПЛИВ МОДУЛЯТОРІВ СИНТЕЗУ ОКСИДУ АЗОТУ НА ПОКАЗНИКИ ГЕМОСТАЗУ ПРИ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОМУ АНТИФОСФОЛІПІДНОМУ СИНДРОМІ
Authors: Yaremchuk O. Z.
Published: May 2020

Вступ. Антифосфоліпідний синдром (АФС) – це автоімунне захворювання, що характеризується артеріальними та венозними тромбозами, тромбоцитопенією. Він є причиною невиношування вагітності у 27–42 % випадків.

Мета дослідження – оцінити вплив L-аргініну та аміногуанідину на показники системи згортання крові й рівень тромбоцитів за умов експериментального антифосфоліпідного синдрому до вагітності та на її фоні.

Методи дослідження. Антифосфоліпідний синдром моделювали на мишах-самках лінії BALB/с. Для корекції використовували L-аргінін (25 мг/кг) та аміногуанідин (10 мг/кг). Досліджували кількість тромбоцитів, концентрацію фібриногену і показники коагулограми.

Результати й обговорення. У результаті виконаних досліджень у тварин з АФС до вагітності й на 18-й день вагітності встановлено зниження кількості тромбоцитів, підвищення концентрації фібриногену, вкорочення активованого часткового тромбопластинового часу і протромбінового часу, збільшення протромбінового індексу та зменшення міжнародного нормалізованого співвідношення відносно показників контрольних груп. На фоні введення L-аргініну в мишей з АФС до вагітності й на 18-й день вагітності відзначено зростання кількості тромбоцитів та зниження концентрації фібриногену щодо тварин з АФС. Водночас у тварин з АФС встановлено подальше вкорочення активованого часткового тромбопластинового часу, а у вагітних мишей з АФС спостерігали його подовження і збільшення міжнародного нормалізованого співвідношення. При введенні аміногуанідину у тварин з АФС відмічено подальше вкорочення активованого часткового тромбопластинового часу, зменшення протромбінового часу та міжнародного нормалізованого співвідношення відносно інтактних тварин. У мишей з АФС до вагітності та на її фоні спостерігали зростання протромбінового індексу при введенні аміногуанідину.

Висновки. Встановлено схильність до гіперкоагуляції та ризик тромбоутворення у самок з антифосфоліпідним синдромом, що є одним із провідних патобіохімічних аспектів невиношування вагітності при цій патології. L-аргінін сприяє відновленню показників гемокоагуляції та нормалізації кількості тромбоцитів, а аміногуанідин у мишей з антифосфоліпідним синдромом та з антифосфоліпідним синдромом на фоні вагітності призводить до прогресування змін коагулограми, що свідчать про зростання схильності до тромбоутворення.
Hospitalidade na Dimensão Religiosa na Romaria Nossa Senhora de Caravaggio em Farroupilha, RS, Brasil
Authors: Schvarstzhaupt Rosalina Luiza Cassol , Herédia Vania Beatriz Merlotti
Published: May 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever algumas ações que ocorrem na romaria ao Santuário Nossa Senhora de Caravaggio no município de Farroupilha, RS, à luz da hospitalidade religiosa oferecida pelos membros da Igreja aos peregrinos. O estudo vale-se de aparato conceitual acerca da hospitalidade e religiosidade no turismo religioso e tem como referência básica os estudos de Boff, Baptista, Lashley, Grassi, Correia e de documentos da Igreja Católica. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e suas entrevistas foram realizadas com representantes da Igreja que atuam ou atuaram no santuário no período da romaria. Os questionamentos buscam apurar a percepção do conceito de hospitalidade da Igreja. Os resultados apontam para um empenho da Igreja em atender a demanda de serviços essenciais e promover e ampliar a dinâmica da hospitalidade. A romaria é um fenômeno relevante que desloca milhares de peregrinos que retornam ao local anualmente e fortalecem a devoção em relação à Santa, estimulando o turismo religioso.
Análise da Relação Entre a Taxa de Câmbio e os Desembarques Domésticos e Internacionais no Brasil
Authors: Farias Daniela De Moura Pavão , Mélo Filho Lara Régia de , Sobral Marcos Felipe Falcão , Melo André De Souza
Published: May 2020

Este artigo propõe-se analisar, através de um teste econométrico, os efeitos da taxa de câmbio nominal sobre o número de desembarques nacionais e internacionais aéreos, no Brasil, no período de 2001 a 2016. Como metodologia, utilizou-se o modelo de vetores autorregressivos. A análise dos resultados demonstra que há uma relação de causalidade e influência entre as variáveis. Observou-se que o câmbio influenciou as demais variáveis, mas não foi influenciado por elas. Além disso, o desembarque doméstico representou a variável que mais sofreu impactos da taxa de câmbio nominal e do desembarque internacional. Os achados da pesquisa corroboram com outros trabalhos que afirmam que a demanda turística é afetada pelo câmbio. No entanto, a inovação desse artigo consistiu em utilizar os desembarques tanto nacionais como internacionais como variáveis para analisar a possível interferência da taxa de câmbio nelas.
Hospitalidade e Competitividade em Áreas Protegidas
Authors: Ribeiro Ruan Tavares , Cavenaghi Airton José , Wada Elizabeth Kyoko
Published: May 2020

Este artigo analisa as relações de hospitalidade entre a gestão de unidades de conservação e seus stakeholders envolvidos com o turismo, com ênfase em suas possíveis influências na competitividade dos destinos. Os objetos de estudo são três áreas protegidas localizadas no Nordeste brasileiro: Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses, Parque Nacional de Jericoacoara e a Área de Proteção Ambiental Delta do Parnaíba. Foi desenvolvido um estudo de casos múltiplos, com abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, tendo como fontes de evidências entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação assistemática e survey. Verificou-se que há uma relação de dependência de stakeholders, como a dos condutores de turismo com a gestão desses locais, por meio do compromisso com as normas previstas pelo credenciamento como base para a prestação do serviço. As relações de hospitalidade entre o anfitrião e seus stakeholders ligados ao turismo favorecem a existência de um ambiente de confiança mútua, influenciando diretamente na capacidade de gestão das unidades de conservação e na percepção de competitividade dos destinos. Foi comprovado também que as relações de hospitalidade reforçam as intenções de retorno dos visitantes.
Infraestrutura Verde: uma estratégia de conexões da paisagem em Londrina-PR
Authors: Olak André Silva , Leão Ana Luiza Favarão , Cifuentes Nancy , Meneguetti Karin Schwabe
Published: May 2020

Na busca de sustentabilidade ambiental, muito tem se falado a respeito da ecologia da paisagem. Já há algumas décadas, diversas pesquisas têm definido estratégias de implementação de infraestruturas verdes com o objetivo de melhorar a integração entre áreas verdes e urbanizadas. Este artigo propõe um sistema de espaços livres urbanos estruturados por quatro elementos principais localizados na Microbacia do Ribeirão Cambé, na cidade de Londrina (PR). Por meio de uma conexão entre o parque Arthur Thomas, o lago Igapó I, o córrego Tucanos e o córrego Capivara, o sistema proposto busca desempenhar múltiplas funções relativas ao equilíbrio hidrológico/ecológico da bacia e das áreas florestadas. A integração formaria um conjunto de espaços públicos destinados ao lazer e ao convívio social, estabelecendo uma relação da natureza com a paisagem urbana local.
Acesso a fórmulas nutricionais no Sistema Único de Saúde:
Authors: Silva Kimielle Cristina , Delduque Maria Célia
Published: May 2020

O estudo objetivou analisar as percepções do sistema de justiça sobre a judicialização do acesso a fórmulas nutricionais, na perspectiva da sa.de e da alimentação como direitos sociais. Trata-se de estudo quali-quantitativo, exploratório e descritivo, com realização de entrevista semiestruturada com representantes do sistema de justiça e utilização do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo para análise dos dados. Os resultados obtidos com o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo demonstraram que o sistema de justiça reconhece o direito à alimentação e que ele é efetivado mediante políticas públicas que garantem alimentos; o entendimento do conceito de segurança alimentar e nutricional está distante do processo de trabalho do sistema de justiça; o direito à alimentação deve ser aplicado de forma diferente nos diversos setores; para a garantia do direito à alimentação são necessárias ações intersetoriais, mas os pleitos são julgados como direito à saúde; há incompreensão sobre a análise técnica das fórmulas nutricionais, equiparando-as com medicamentos; o lobby do mercado e da indústria é a razão mais relevante para a judicialização da saúde; diálogos institucionais são a estratégia mais precisa para o enfrentamento da judicialização. O sistema de justiça deve ser inserido nas instâncias de debate da segurança alimentar e nutricional e do direito humano à alimentação adequada, de forma a discutir o papel do Sistema Único de Saúde na garantia das fórmulas nutricionais.
Transplantes hematológicos e seleção genética em projetos parentais
Authors: Araújo Ana Thereza Meireles de , Araújo Filho José Edson Oliveira
Published: May 2020

O artigo destina-se à análise de projetos parentais assistidos voltados à reprodução de indivíduo compatível com receptor que possui doença hematológica com indicação de transplante. A pesquisa foi construída a partir de uma análise médico-jurídica, com base na constatação da necessidade de esclarecimentos que pertencem às duas esferas da ciência. Como objetivo, buscou-se identificar se a reprodução programada de alguém para benefício de outrem avilta os direitos da pessoa, expressos no sentido constitucional de dignidade humana. Para isso, teve-se como pressuposto relevante o acesso a conhecimentos de natureza médica, que envolveram a compreensão dos indicadores de transplantes e da seleção genética conduzida pelo argumento terapêutico, para, posteriormente, adentrar a avaliação das motivações relacionadas à realização do procedimento assistido de reprodução. A pesquisa tem natureza teórica, adotando o método analítico-discursivo.
Clinical Applicability of Monitoring Antihypertensive Drug Levels in Blood
Authors: Peeters Laura E.J. , Feyz Lida , Boersma Eric , Daemen Joost , van Gelder Teun , Koch Birgit C.P. , Versmissen Jorie
Published: May 2020

Dried blood spot (DBS) analysis is a novel analytical method for therapeutic drug monitoring to identify nonadherence to antihypertensive drugs. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical applicability of measuring drug concentrations of 8 antihypertensive drugs, using DBS and venipuncture. Furthermore, this study aimed to provide more insight into the between-patient variability in drug concentrations. False-negative values from DBS compared with a venipuncture were determined to assess drug adherence. A generalized estimating equation was used to estimate the model parameters, including sex, dose, age, weight, and the time interval, between drug intake and sampling, on the C
plasma
(drug concentration in plasma). No false-negative values were found when measuring nonadherence using DBS compared with venipuncture. A high variability in C
plasma
between patients was observed, especially at peak concentrations with a fold change reaching from 2.3 to 35.2. The time of intake was significantly related to the height of the C
plasma
in 7 of the 8 measured drugs with a
P
<0.05, but the influence of dose, weight, age, and sex on drug levels differed largely between the measured drugs. DBS is a reliable and convenient method to assess nonadherence to antihypertensive drugs in clinical practice. The C
plasma
of the 8 antihypertensive drugs in this study show a large interindividual difference, and therefore, low plasma concentrations do not necessarily mean nonadherence. Nonadherence can only be confirmed if drug levels are undetectable, that is, values below the lower limit of detection.
Quantifying the Influence of Wedge Pressure, Age, and Heart Rate on the Systolic Thresholds for Detection of Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Amsallem Myriam , Tedford Ryan J. , Denault Andre , Sweatt Andrew J. , Guihaire Julien , Hedman Kristofer , Peighambari Shadi , Kim Juyong Brian , Li Xiao , Miller Robert J. H. , Mercier Olaf , Fadel Elie , Zamanian Roham , Haddad Francois
Published: May 2020

Background

The strong linear relation between mean (
MPAP
) and systolic (
SPAP
) pulmonary arterial pressure (eg,
SPAP
=1.62×
MPAP
) has been mainly reported in precapillary pulmonary hypertension. This study sought to quantify the influence of pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (
PAWP
), heart rate, and age on the
MPAP
‐
SPAP
relation.

Methods and Results

An allometric equation relating invasive
MPAP
and
SPAP
was developed in 1135 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, advanced lung disease, chronic thromboembolic
pulmonary hypertension
, or left heart failure. The equation was validated in 60 885 patients from the United Network for Organ Sharing (
UNOS
) database referred for heart and/or lung transplant. The
MPAP
/
SPAP
longitudinal stability was assessed in
pulmonary arterial hypertension
with repeated right heart catheterization. The equation obtained was
SPAP
=1.39×
MPAP
×
PAWP
−0.07
×(60/heart rate)
0.12
×age
0.08
(
P
<0.001). It was validated in the
UNOS
cohort (
R
2
=0.93,
P
<0.001), regardless of the type of organ(s) patients were listed for (mean bias [−1.96 
SD
; 1.96 
SD
] was 0.94 [−8.00; 9.88] for heart, 1.34 [−7.81; 10.49] for lung and 0.25 [−16.74; 17.24] mm Hg for heart‐lung recipients). Thresholds of
SPAP
for
MPAP
=25 and 20 mm Hg were lower in patients with higher
PAWP
(37.2 and 29.8 mm Hg) than in those with
pulmonary arterial hypertension
(40.1 and 32.0 mm Hg). In 186 patients with
pulmonary arterial hypertension
, the predicted
MPAP
/
SPAP
was stable over time (0.63±0.03 at baseline and follow‐up catheterization,
P
=0.43).

Conclusions

This study quantifies the impact of
PAWP
, and to a lesser extent heart rate and age, on the
MPAP
‐
SPAP
relation, supporting lower
SPAP
thresholds for
pulmonary hypertension
diagnosis in patients with higher
PAWP
for echocardiography‐based epidemiological studies.
Translating the Qurʾān into Indonesian Languages
Authors: Riddell Peter G.
Published: May 2020

The rendering of the Qur’anic text into other languages is a matter of considerable sensitivity and debate, given the status of the text among the community of faithful as divine speech. This article considers this issue in the context of the Malay-Indonesian world, where Islam has been firmly established since the beginning of the 14th century. Discussion initially focuses upon surviving evidence of Qur’anic materials from the early Islamic period in Southeast Asia. Attention then turns to the rendering of the Qurʾān into the Malay/Indonesian language, according to three periods up to the 21st century. The article concludes with a discussion of translation of the Qurʾān into the regional languages of Indonesia.
Self-referentiality in the Qur’anic Text: “Binarity” as a Rhetorical Tool
Authors: Boisliveau Anne-Sylvie
Published: May 2020

Self-referential discourse, i.e. the discourse of the Qurʾān about itself, is omnipresent in the Qur’anic text. Interestingly, it uses several strategies of argumentation and several rhetorical tools in order to persuade the listener or the reader to adhere to a specific understanding of what the Qurʾān is: an understanding leading to faith. Based on an extensive study of the self-referential discourse in the Qurʾān, this paper focuses on the importance of one of the rhetorical tools: “binarity.” This notion goes beyond the simple notion of “pairs” and is characterized by a clear-cut opposition ongoing in the whole text between elements of all kinds of domains and mainly in relation to biblical material. Contrary to what it may seem at first glance, “binarity” in the Qurʾān is far from being related to a dualist religious system. On the contrary, a close analysis shows that the use of “binarity” in the text emphasizes the exceptional character of the Qurʾān in relation to its divine origin. The function of “binarity” appears in all its rhetorical strength in the impression conveyed upon the listener or reader. Following the path of the works of contemporary scholars who used literary, structural, and argumentative analysis, this paper also aims at convincing the reader of the fruitfulness of rhetorical studies of the Qurʾān.
Badīʿ al-Zamān Saʿīd al-Nūrsī’s Methodological Approach in Thematic Qurʾānic Exegesis: the Case of Resurrecting the Body
Authors: El-Khatib Abdallah
Published: May 2020

Proving the resurrection of the body by logic is one of the most challenging issues of our time as many people deny the resurrection nowadays. Badīʿ al-Zamān Saʿīd al-Nūrsī has used thematic exegesis to prove the resurrection of the body through two ways: first, studying this topic through surveying all the verses of the Qurʾān. Secondly, studying the main topic and core of the sūra and then interpreting its verses accordingly. Further, the main aim of this article is first, to explain the logical approach which Badīʿ al-Zamān Saʿīd al-Nūrsī has followed in order to eliminate all the doubts about resurrection possibility and the resurrection of the body. Second, it aims at explaining how thematic tafsīr could be used to explain the major Qrʾānic and creed issues such as resurrection. The methodology used in this article is surveying all the writings of Badīʿ al-Zamān Saʿīd al-Nūrsī to well explain his methodology. Finally, the conclusion reached in this article is that proving the resurrection of the body through logic which is derived from the holy Qurʾān is very easy through the methodology used by Badīʿ al-Zamān Saʿīd al-Nūrsī, and his argument could be used to strengthen the belief in the Day of Judgement and to disprove those who deny it.
Metaphor Translation Procedures and their Application in Translating Amthāl al-Hadith into Malay with Reference to Newmark’s Theory
Authors: Hussin Mohamad , Mansor Idris
Published: May 2020

Amthāl are loaded with metaphorical and cultural elements. The translation of texts with elements of culture and metaphors requires specific approaches and deep understanding of both the source and target languages. The objectives of this research are to investigate the role of context in explaining the meaning of amthāl and to review the best approaches for translating corpus with elements of culture and metaphors. The corpus of this research consists of selected hadiths by The Prophet (PBUH). In this research, the background events of the amthāl are reconstructed by referring to the context of the speech. Next, the metaphors in the corpus are taken out and the meanings are analyzed through analysis of context and meaning. Based on this analysis of context and meaning, suitable strategies for translating metaphorical elements in the research corpus are determined. Findings from the study show that The Prophet (PBUH) incorporated Arabic metaphors and cultural elements in his speech. Elements such as folklore and features of Arabic sociolinguistics were used effectively to deliver meaning. Thus, specific approaches to retain the essence and hidden elements in hadiths are required for translating amthāl by The Prophet.
The Pantomime of War: Thoughts About the Horse Games of the Roman Army and the Origins of Imperial Mask Helmets
Authors: Petitjean Maxime
Published: May 2020

This paper explores the origins of the horse games (hippika gymnasia) of the Roman imperial army. It argues that the equestrian displays lengthily described by Arrian in his tactical treatise were borrowed from the Gallic and Iberian Celts, who formed the most important part of the Roman auxiliary cavalry at the end of the Republic and at the beginning of the Principate. Mask helmets were worn by the most renowned horsemen during these games. The first examples of such masks in Roman context can be found on triumphal representations celebrating victories over Celtiberian or Gallic foes. The evidence suggests that they were initially made of organic materials, like the over-modelled or plastered skull masks that could adorn public monuments in pre-Roman Gaul. From the end of the 1st century BC onward, they began to adopt the form of full metal helmets and were progressively adapted to the Greco-Roman taste. The idea that the hippika gymnasia were borrowed from the Roman equestrian parade called the lusus Troiae and that mask helmets were part of an old Italic tradition should, therefore, be abandoned.