bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review on convective heat augmentation techniques in solar thermal collector using nanofluid
Authors: DESHMUKH K.b. , KARMARE S.v.
Published: August 2021

Solar water heating system is convincing technology to convert solar energy into thermal energy. According to the survey, approximately 42% of refined crude oil is used in industries and commercial applications for heating processes. Fossil fuel is the main energy source that is depleting continuously. Solar energy is an environment-friendly energy source, which can fulfill energy demand. Solar thermal collectors are most popular in domestic as well as industrial sectors for water heating due to their ease of operation and simple maintenance. Extensive work is going on to improve the thermal performance of solar thermal collectors using passive techniques. Passive techniques include the use of nanofluid, twisted tape, Phase Changing Materials. Active and passive techniques have a significant contribution to solar thermal collector thermal performance enhancement. This paper reviews the work carried out and current progress to enhance the thermal efficiency of solar water heaters using nanofluid. In addition to this, a detailed discussion and limitations of existing research have made from this discussion, research gaps are identified and possible future modifications are suggested.
Experimental investigation of a Scheffler reflector for the medium temperature applications
Authors: KUMAR Anil
Published: August 2021

This research problem reveals the experimental investigation at a pressure of 1.5 bar and temperature of 120°C for the medium thermal applications utilizing the four Scheffler reflectors with 16 m2 surface area each. The Scheffler collector associated with absorber plate of mild steel of size, 0.45 m diameter, and 0.025 m thick was assessed in June 2018. The variation in solar beam radiation over the entire day was observed from 840 W/m2 to 1278 W/m2, while, the absorber plate temperature was recorded within the extent of 116–195°C, however, the maximum heating temperature was measured 129°C at the end-use. The Scheffler collectors performed appropriately in the morning and evening time with substantial heat loss factor and lower optical efficiency factor. The energy efficiency of 59.28% has been achieved which is higher as compared to the parabolic solar concentrator. The higher concentration ratio of the Scheffler collector indicates it as an efficient substitute to replace fossil fuels. The system is viable for more than 1600 kWh/m2 yearly solar potential while the cost of heating is greater than 0.05 $/kWh for them. This paper concludes that the Scheffler reflector is the most promising solar technology for the medium-temperature applications.
A Qualitative Research on Self-Regulation Practices of ELT Students in Reading Class
Authors: Pradana Harsya Danang , Tena Ouda Eda
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates the self-regulation practices in reading classes among students from a private university in Yogyakarta. In an era where students and their thinking process are the centers of the teaching and learning process, each student’s metacognition skills need to adjust the teaching methods used inside and outside the classroom. To that end, students must be aware of their metacognitive skills and self-regulating behaviors. The research method used in this paper was the quantitative method. The researchers used the interview and focused group discussion (FGD) method on gaining information regarding students' awareness of their metacognitive skills and self-regulation habits. The participants were students from a pre-determined private university in Yogyakarta, where the reading classes are known to be student-centered. The results showed that while the students could create strategies and reflect upon said strategies, they still lacked a critical component of self-regulation, namely the preparation phase. This discovery means that the students need to be aware of the importance of preparing to meet specific goals and self-motivation.
Niosomes
Authors: Nerkar A. G. , Chakraborthy G. S.
Published: July 2021

Niosome are non-ionic surfactant vesicles. These are obtained by hydrating combination of cholesterol and non-ionic surfactants. It is used as carrier for amphiphilic and lipophilic medicine. Niosomes are identity assemble vesicles collected largely of artificial surfactants and cholesterol. Drug delivery potential of niosomes can be enhanced in use of novel drug delivery concepts similar to proniosomes, discomes and aspasomes. By reducing the clearance the rate of noisomes they provide better help in analytic imaging and as a vaccine adjuvant. As well as they supply better support in analytic imaging and as a vaccine adjuvant. This short communication reviews the niosomes.
Effect of educational intervention on awareness regarding health hazards of junk food consumption among engineering students
Authors: Mishra Rakhi , Kurian Binumol , V Nair Drishya , Singh Kirtika , Bawari Meenu , Joseph Sinimol
Published: August 2021

: Junk food are very popular in modern society and their harmful effects cannot be neglected. The present study was conducted with an objective to assess the Effect of Educational Intervention on Awareness regarding Health Hazards of Junk food consumption among Engineering Students.

Pre-experimental one group pretest and post-test research design was adopted to accomplish the objectives. Purposive sampling technique was used to select samples involving forty (40) B. Tech Mechanical engineering 1 year students. The pre-test and post-test assessment of awareness regarding health hazards of junk food consumption was carried out using the structured awareness questionnaire. The obtained data was analysed and interpreted using descriptive and inferential statistics.

The present study findings showed that mean (±SD) pre-test and post-test knowledge score was 21.4 (± 3.44) and 24.0 (±2.42) respectively. The calculated ‘t’ value was 5.06 which is highly significant at 0.05 level and revealed the effectiveness of educational intervention in improving the awareness regarding health hazards of Junk Food consumption. Also, There was significant association between the pre-test knowledge score with Family’s monthly Income and Monthly Pocket money of participants at 0.05 level of significance.

The studyconcluded that educational intervention has positive impact on improving the awareness regarding Health Hazards of Junk Food consumption.
Simulation and estimation of lithium-sulfur battery charge state using fuzzy neural network
Authors:   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolosnitsyn Dmitry V. , Savvina Alexandra A. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khramtsova Liudmila A. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuzmina Elena V. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Karaseva Elena V. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolosnitsyn Vladimir S. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

The possibility of determining the charge state of lithium-sulfur batteries using the ANFIS model was estimated. Easily measurable in practice physical quantities were used as input parameters of the model. They are the battery voltage, the rate of its change and the number of previous cycles. The analysis of ANFIS models with various parameters (the number and type of membership functions) was carried out. It was shown that ANFIS is a model that makes it possible to estimate the charge state of a lithium-sulfur battery with the accuracy of more than 95%. The proposed type of models can be used in control and monitoring systems, together with digital aggregated twins, for additional training of models based on real data and increasing the accuracy of estimating the charge state of lithium-sulfur batteries.
One-pot synthesis and structure of isomeric aryl-substituted triazolohexahydroquinazolines
Authors:   Saratov State University, Vasil’kova Natalia O. , Demidova Darya M. ,   Saratov State University, Kriven’ko Adel’ P. ,   Saratov State University
Published: August 2021

Aryl-substituted triazolohexahydroquinazolines have been synthesized by means of three-component condensation of pnitro(pbromo) benzaldehydes, cyclohexanone, 1,2,4-triazol-3-amine. A scheme of the reaction mechanism is proposed, which makes it possible to explain the features of the behavior of p-nitro(bromo) benzaldehydes in condensation reactions in comparison with their ortho-substituted analogs. It has been found that the movement of the substituent from the ortho- tо -para-position of the benzene ring while maintaining the general direction of the reaction has a decisive effect on the number and ratio of the formed isomers and leads to the absence of hydroxylated forms of triazolohexahydroquinazolines. The composition and structure of the products have been confirmed by the data of elemental analysis, IR and one-dimensional, two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. One-pot synthesis of aryl-substituted triazohexahydroquinazolines is a non-selective process that leads to a mixture of isomers, the structure and ratio of which is determined by the nature and position of the substituent groups in the aldehyde component.
Phytochemical composition in the vegetative organs of Hemerocallis hybrida hort. ex Bergmans (Hemerocallidaceae)
Authors:   Central Siberian Botanical garden of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sedelnikova Lyudmila L. , Kukushkina Tatiana A. ,   Central Siberian Botanical garden of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of the study of raw materials (sugar, starch) and biologically active substances (pectin substances, catechins, saponins, flavonols, ascorbic acid) in the leaves and rhizomes of Hemerocallis hybrida plants of the Speak to me variety during seasonal development during 2013–2015. The quantitative content of the main groups of substances in underground and aboveground organs during vegetation, flowering and fruiting was determined. It was found that the presence of ascorbic acid in the leaves of Hemerocallis hybrida plants of the Speak to me variety is 1.3–1.6 times greater during the fruiting period, with a maximum value of 165.4 mg%, than during the growing season and flowering. The concentration of pectins in plants in 2013–2015 is 2.2–8.8 times higher in rhizomes than in leaves. The highest content of protopectins was observed in July in rhizomes (5.7–8.4%) and leaves in September (4.7–7%). The presence of catechins in the vegetative organs of the object of study ranged from 0.2 to 0.7%. The accumulation of saponins in leaves (30.3–42.2%) and rhizomes (30.5–43.7%) was relatively the same in 2015. The peculiarities of the content of spare substances (sugar and starch) in plant organs in different phenophases of development are noted. Sugars in the leaves are 2–5 times higher than in the rhizomes. It was found that during the slightly dry growing season of 2015, starch accumulation increased in rhizomes by more than 2–4 times compared to the excessively moist periods of 2013–2014.
Population status and variation of the rare species Dactylorhiza viridis (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase (Orchidaceae) under anthropogenic load conditions in the meadow phytocenoses of the Central Caucasus
Authors:   Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories of Russian Academy of Science, Chadaeva Victoria A. , Kyarova Galina A. ,   Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories of Russian Academy of Science
Published: August 2021

We studied the variation of morphological characters, ontogenetic structure and vitality of seven cenopopulations of Dactylorhiza viridis (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase within the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in 2015–2019. The studies were conducted in the meadow plant communities under different conditions of anthropogenic load (recreation and grazing). The species presents medium phytocenotic plasticity of morphological characters (I p=36–70%) and high variation of morphological characters (CVх–ср=18,55–45,22%) under changeable conditions of growth. The intensification of growth processes in the individuals with the maximum increase of the cenopopulation vitality (IVC = 1,12–1,18) is observed in the composition of undisturbed meadows. The portion of generative individuals is 44,8–52,6% in ontogenetic spectra, and the stable seed reproduction of cenopopulations is registered. Under the intensification of the anthropogenic load, the vitality of cenopopulations (IVC = 0,80–1,04) and the density of individuals (0,47–3,20 ind./m2) are decreased; the portion of generative individuals is increased in ontogenetic spectra (65,4–81,6%). The rate of the seed reproduction of cenopopulations, in which the density of individuals accounts for 28,47 ind./m2, is high on the rubbly substrata with low total projective cover.
Phytoplankton primary production in the lake Kenon (Zabaykalsky krai, Russia)
Authors:   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology Siberian Branch of Russian Academy Science (INREC SB RAS), Tsybekmitova Gazhit Ts.
Published: August 2021

Located in the Amur watershed, Lake Kenon is an urban reservoir that hosts recreational and commercial fishery activity. The current status of the lake is connected with the Chita Thermal Power Plant No 1, the basin’s human population, and the density of railways as well as highways within the basin. From the start of the thermal power plant’s operation, the reservoir’s ion composition significantly changed from largely sodium and bicarbonate species to sulfate, bicarbonate, chloride, sodium, calcium, and magnesium chemical species. Additionally, heavy metals have been accumulating in Kenon’s sediment. The results presented in this article are based on field measurements and comparative analysis with previous studies. Primary production was calculated using a light-dark bottle method. During the study period, current evidence corroborated previous investigations that respiration and decomposition rates generally tend to exceed photosynthesis rates. As noted in June 2015, in the cent of the lake where complete mixing occurs, primary production as well as respiration decreases with depth in the water column. With increased warming since August 2015, primary production exceeded respiration in upper layers. Considering the lake’s relatively small area for thermal fluxes (10% of the lake’s surface area), production-respiration processes are within Lake Kenon’s ecological capacities. The observed photosynthesis-respiration ratios from long-term study suggest that the system is resilient to the current anthropogenic load.
Science is the highest pilotage of intuition at the junction of art and logic: dedicated to the memory of Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor Anischenko Tatiana Grigorievna
Authors:   Saratov State University, Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya Oxana V. , Igosheva Natalya B. ,   Clinical Trials Officer, Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Yakusheva Tatiana A. ,   Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Klimova Oksana A. ,   B. Braun Sharing Expertise, Musina Maria A. ,   MSD Pharmaceuticals, Leontiev Danilа S. ,   Laboratory for the Development of Gene Therapy Methods, Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia, Iskra Tatiana D. ,   Saratov State University, Sarantseva Elena I. ,   Saratov State University, Lykova Ekaterina Yu. ,   Saratov State University
Published: August 2021

The article is dedicated to the blessed memory of Tatyana Grigorievna Anishchenko, Doctor of Biological Sciences, professor, who used to hold the position of head of the Department of Human and Animal Physiology of the Biological Faculty of the Saratov State University from 1995 to 2015. This is a look back at the memories of some of her students and a message for new generations about great prospects in obtaining a golden ticket to life and the wonderful world of science. Tatiana Grigorievna’s students are a great example of success, which lies in the knowledge, first of all, of oneself, and through these lessons, a successful search for new opportunities and goals in life. Science is the pilotage guiding light of intuition at the intersection of art and logic, a compromise of flights of fantasy and clear facts. These unique instruments are based on the best traditions of the school of human and animal physiology.
Relations between the Livonian Order and the Archbishops of Riga in the context of the Reformation and the question of the political structure of Livonia
Authors:   Povolzhsky Institute of Management named after P. A. Stolypin, Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Konoplenko Andrey A.
Published: August 2021

The article reveals the nature and features of the relationship between the Livonian Order and the Archbishops of Riga during the Livonian Reformation, in 1521–1558, and reveals their attitude towards the spread of Lutheranism, the influence of the reformation processes on the political life of Livonia. It also examines the legal, political and ideological reasons and prerequisites of the Livonian Master Wolter von Plettenberg historical choice. The article concludes about the successful use of the reformation movement by the Livonian Order in the struggle against the Archbishop of Riga, about the negative impact of the results of this policy on the position of the Order, about the worsening of the difficult political situation in Livonia by the Reformation.
The French society and the referendum of the «constitution of Europe» in 2005
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kargashina Kristina V.
Published: August 2021

This article is focused on studying the preparation and conduct of the referendum of «the Constitution for Europe» in France. Particular attention is paid to analysis of the evolution of the attitude of the French electorate toward the idea of a “referendum” and a “Constitution for Europe” from the moment the president’s announcement about his intention to hold a referendum, and its results that led to the rejection of «the Constitution». Besides, the internal factors that contributed to the negative outcome of the referendum are discussed.
The journals of the Primorsky and Amur communities of agriculture as a source on the history of the agrarian development of the Far Eastern region (early XX century)
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Toshchenkova Victoria A.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with printed periodicals of large agricultural communities of the Amur region of the early XX century. It is shown to what extent the information published in them reflects the development of the agrarian sector of the region: government activities; development trends of the colonization land fund; the nature and methods of solving agricultural problems specific to the region. The conditions in which the Amur agricultural societies and the history of their printed periodicals operated are shown. An analysis of the publications of the communities suggests that they are an important source for studying the history of the agrarian development of the pre-revolutionary Far East.
The historian and his time (life and fate of V. A. Ermolaev)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Galyamichev Alexandr N.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the main milestones of the life and creative path of a prominent researcher of the history of German Reformation V. A. Ermolaev. The author concludes that the uniqueness of his scientific heritage was largely determined by the richness of life experience and firmness of internal beliefs.
The phenomenology of rational and irrational thinking
Authors:   Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Ardashev Roman G.
Published: August 2021

This article examines the phenomenological structure of various types of thinking: rational, instrumental, irrational, magical, aesthetic, and ethical. The modalities of consciousness that determine the development of a particular way of thinking, as well as the conditions and forms of their disclosure in different social and cultural conditions of social reproduction are revealed. The author shows the significance and direction of development of the phenomenology of irrational thinking in the context of modern socio-political realities of Russia. For the first time, the article presents the phenomenological outline of the analysis of thinking and consciousness of contemporaries. The presented typology is considered through the prism of examples of socio-political and media events of our time, which make it possible to judge the legitimacy of using this technique and methodology in the study of various types of consciousness and thinking of contemporaries. The necessity of using the following analysis scheme is proved: transition from thought to action; the strategies of social action themselves; actors (leaders, experts, professionals), institutions (traditional, integrating, supporting this model); triggers of modality selection or transition from one to another modality. It is shown that individuals can be included in modalities through various strategies: passive perception and distance (withdrawal), construction (creation) and participation (support or criticism).
Social and philosophical understanding of a human existence in the context of the coronavirus pandemic
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Kraynov Andrey L.
Published: August 2021

The article provides a socio-philosophical analysis of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on human existence. Various views on this phenomenon are considered, both positive, based on the belief in scientific and technological progress and the development of new nanobiomedical information and cognitive technologies, with the help of which the virus will be defeated, and negative, based on the prejudice of a global conspiracy and digital totalitarianism, of the degradation of humanity under the influence of new information technologies. There is still no consensus about this phenomenon: how it arose and what prospects await humanity. The protracted epidemic has radically changed the usual world order on a global scale. The forecasts of a constant recurrence of the disease are especially alarming, which means a change in social life not in a quantitative, but in a qualitative aspect. New social norms will shape new social behavior and institutionalize it over time. The pandemic has been a catalyst for digitalization in all spheres of public life: from education and leisure to production activities. The distant way of social life gives rise to new social stereotypes, creates a new social reality. These tendencies require philosophical understanding.
Conscience and ideology
Authors:   Saratov State University, Mozzhilin Sergey I.
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the relationship between the phenomenon of conscience and ideology. The work uses psychoanalytic and cultural-historical approaches, the methods of critical philosophical reflection and dialectical logic are applied. Conscience is viewed as a person’s ability to critically assess his or her thoughts and actions in accordance with personal ideas about what should be done. At the same time, attention is focused on the fact that feelings of shame and conscience are inherent in all people, since they are fundamental in the mechanisms of human consciousness and self-consciousness. Actually, their presence acts as one of the main features which distinguish humans from other animals. In turn, ideas about what is due are dynamic, since they are fixed by specific actors of the cultural and historical process, who are individuals who have determined their understanding of what is due, values and ways to achieve them, who have sufficient will to convince others that their guidelines are correct. But not all ideals set a progressive, humanistic direction. At the same time, the work emphasizes that no personal ideas about what should be done can take the form of a general ideology if they do not reflect, to one degree or another, the material interests of the most part of society. At the same time, the logic of the study leads to the conclusion that the absence of a common ideology that promotes humanistic values aggravates the moral disorientation of representatives of modern Russian society, reducing the level of self-control provided by conscience.
Motherhood as a factor of the comprehension of life in the realities of a consumer society
Authors:   Center of Laboratory Analysis and Technical Measurements, Suslova Anastasiya A.
Published: August 2021

Modern society is focused on a prestigious-status consumption, material values are cultivated in it to the detriment of spiritual ones, the meaning of life becomes unclear, a person falls into an “existential vacuum”. Consumer tendencies can be contrasted with love in its various manifestations, including one of the strongest – motherly love. But in modern realities, motherhood is faced with the devaluation, belittling of its role. The image of a woman-mother giving a new life is no longer the ideal of a woman, it is replaced by an attractive image of an eternally young “business lady”, untouched by the age and the hardships of motherhood. In the consumer society, a detached, non-creative and devoid of creative efforts approach to child rearing prevails. It is no longer endowed with high meaning, as it was from time immemorial. In spite of this fact, in order to acquire a vital meaning, it is necessary to strive to create a traditional family, relations which should become a prototype of relations in society for children, as well as to show a creative and constructive attitude to social reality, in particular, to direct their activity to the harmonious development of the child, while realizing their own potential. This approach to motherhood gives a woman’s life the meaning that goes beyond its own limits, satisfying the need for transcendence.
Personal characteristics of codependent parents of addictive adolescents
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kupriyanchuk Elena V.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of theoretical and empirical studies of the characteristics of the main structural components of the personality of codependent mothers of drug addicts. It is shown that codependency has several components: cognitive, personal, emotional and behavioral. The article presents the results of an empirical study carried out on a sample (n = 58, 29–60 years old, codependent mothers of addictive adolescents) on the basis of the Doverie rehabilitation center in Saratov. Appropriate diagnostic tools were used: a test to determine the level of codependency (B. Winehold and J. Winehold); diagnostics of emotional intelligence (N. Hall); self-attitude test questionnaire (V. V. Stolin, S. R. Panteleev); methodology “Index of life style” (R. Plutchik, G. Kellerman, H. R. Conte); methodology “Tendency to victim behavior” (O. O. Andronnikova). Statistical data processing was carried out through correlation analysis, comparison of two independent samples (Student’s t-test). It has been established that a codependent person, trying to control someone else’s life, completely devoting himself to another person, at the same time does not even realize that he has lost control over his own life, having lost interest in his needs, development, and self-improvement. Correctional work with codependent mothers can help the parent return to his own “I”. The applied aspect of the problem under study can be implemented in the diagnostic, consultative, corrective and educational work of practicing psychologists who deal with the problem of rehabilitation of codependent parents of addictive adolescents.
Evolution of educational milieu psychological safety conceptualizing in Soviet “school film”
Authors:   Saratov Institute for Educational Development, Mikhailina Marina Yu. , Mikhailin Vadim Yu. ,   Saratov State University
Published: August 2021

The authors analyze the representations of school as pictured in Soviet films of 1930–1980s seen as a source for reconstruction of the notions concerning the safety of the educational milieu – self-generated as well as imposed by elites – that were characteristic of Soviet society. The discussion seems crucial for critical approach to those social stereotypes underlying modern conceptions of the educational milieu safety that were mostly shaped within the limits of the previous historical period. This material approached both from genetic and comparative perspectives allows to trace the dynamics of propagandistic dispositions in Soviet school film production; also it helps the authors to mark the exact historical moment when another propaganda campaign met the public’s expectations for “sincerely” working through the traumatic experience of growing up as based for the most part at the educational milieu. Appearing in early 1960s, the self-dependent genre of Soviet school film was gradually to become the main source for producing the persistent stereotypes of school experience as well as one of socially acceptable instruments for working through psychological trauma. The renewal of school film in modern Russia bases at the Soviet tradition: the conventions worked out within it are determinant for new films, as well as the stereotypes they transfer.
Individual and typological features of heads of regional medical institutions of the sanatorium and resort profile
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology named after V. P. Serbskogo, Noss Igor N. , Kabanova Tatiana N. ,   National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology named after V. P. Serbskogo
Published: August 2021

Sanatorium complexes are a special direction related to the health care system, their heads are required to have specialized knowledge. However, there are different views on this, some experts believe that a professional manager can productively perform duties in an institution of any profile. Others believe that the head of a medical institution must have a medical education, otherwise difficulties may arise. Currently, there is a lack of research focused on the identification, assessment and consistency of personality traits with the direction of work. The article examines the individual-typological features of the heads of regional medical institutions of a sanatorium-resort profile. There were revealed clearly expressed individual-typological features that distinguish managers with medical education in cognitive, personal and motivational components from leaders of a different educational profile, which affects professional efficiency. Psychological basic features that determine the activity and behavioral activity of employees within the profession were identified. A formal-mathematical model has been developed, which makes it possible to comprehensively assess the level of effectiveness of professional management activities of managers. In addition, regional specificity was identified, which proves the influence of climatic and economic conditions on the mental and behavioral characteristics of a specialist.
Structure of group subjectivity of the family
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Pashkova Yana A.
Published: August 2021

The author’s approach to the problem of the structure of subjectivity of the family as a group is presented. For the first time, the subjectivity of the family is revealed as a dynamic socio-psychological property, in the structure of which the following are distinguished: the possibility, readiness and ability of the family to be a subject. The possibility of being a subject is expressed in the family potential, which creates the prospect for the family to acquire the status of a group subject. The willingness to be a subject is revealed as a system of characteristics of the family that allow it to realize its subjective potential. The ability to be a subject is such subjective characteristics of a family group that ensure its possession of a set of ways and techniques of self-realization as a single subject of life. The research methodology is a subjective approach to the group. In a pilot empirical study, the features of the structure of group subjectivity of the family at such stages of its development as formation and flowering are revealed. The ability to be a subject at both stages of the family shows the same degree of moderation. The willingness to be a subject is absent at the stage of formation, but it is expressed quite clearly at the stage of the flourishing of the family. The identical tendency has been established with regard to the family’s ability to be a subject, namely with regard to its activity and “relational” aspects. As for the reflexive and identification aspects of the family’s ability to be a subject, they are expressed at the stage of the family’s heyday, but they are not recorded at the stage of formation.
Development of students' cognitive abilities in the conditions of the university meta-educational space
Authors:   Donetsk National University, Institute of Pedagogy, Umanets Sergey F.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the role of imagination as a cognitive ability in preparing students to carry out prognostic activities in the conditions of the meta-educational space of a pedagogical university. The goal is to substantiate a new vision of such a psychological property of the human psyche as imagination in the educational process while preparing students for prognostic activities. The methodological basis of this approach in our study is Kant's idea of three components of human knowledge: feelings, imagination and thinking. Feelings, acting as the imperial base of knowledge of the world, provide the initial “food” for man’s imagination and thinking. Trying to systematize and classify sensual content, a person’s imagination is trying to expand the world to infinity (“the work of the unconscious”). While thinking, in Kant's words, tries to find a “pure reason” by reducing the infinite world down to logical schemes (“the work of the conscious”). The study found that the process of preparing students to carry out prognostic activities in the context of these cognitive abilities is closely related to the parity of thinking and imagination, if, in the end, we want to obtain a creative personality with such a professional pedagogical quality as prognostic competence.
Organizational and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the educational process for visually impaired students in a complex sanitary and epidemiological situation
Authors:   Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Khadiullina Rezeda R. , Zakieva Rafina R. ,   Kazan State Energy University
Published: August 2021

The article reveals the organizational and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the educational process for students with visual disabilities at a time when they are particularly vulnerable to the current circumstances of the global COVID-19 pandemic. The necessity of using e-learning, adapted distance learning technologies, and external electronic resources in the educational process of the University, taking into account nosologies in a complex sanitary and epidemiological situation is substantiated. The article describes the features of interaction of all subjects of the educational process (student, parents, curator, teacher, tutor, teacher-psychologist, employees of the department for work with students with disabilities, administrative staff, employees of the information technology department) in ensuring the quality of education in the current conditions, which the public has not previously encountered. Self-learning skills and skills of working with information resources acquire an important role in educational activities especially during the lock down. Part of the organizational and pedagogical conditions discussed in the article will also be relevant for the organization of the educational process in the context of a pandemic for students without disabilities.
Evaluation of Compressive Strength and Setting Expansion of GC and Adenta Dye Stones
Authors: Khaleghi Amin , Pouryousof Azam , Hormozi Mohsen
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The aim of this study was the Evaluation of compressive strength and setting expansion of GC and Adenta dye stones.
Materials & Methods: This study was an experimental study. The sample number was 21 for each group (n = 21). Compressive strength and setting expansion of GC and Adenta dye stones was tested based on ADA Standard 25 and Iranian Standard No. 2792. Data analysis was done with Independent-Sample t-test (p value = 0.05).
Results: There was no significant difference between GC (47.61 ± 5.54) and Adenta groups (44.31 ± 7.71) in terms of compressive strength. Also, there was no significant difference in the setting expansion between GC (0.07 ± 0.008) and Adenta dye stones (0.08 ± 0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there is no statistically significant difference in setting expansion and compressive strength between GC and Adenta dye stones and both samples was under standard condition )p value < 0.05).
United Nations Security Council Intervention Towards Gross Human Rights Violation of The Rohingya Ethnicity
Authors: Safaraz Nizam
Published: July 2021

Abstract

            Every human being has the rights to be protected from discrimination by any party, especially the act of gross human rights violations. In order to prevent this, the Security Council has a function to secure international peace and security from threats to international peace. One of the case that is becoming an international concern is the human rights violations on Rohingya by Myanmar Military. In its implementation, the UN Security Council can intervene a country known to violate human rights of its people, however the Security Council's intervention caused a controversy that questioned the validity of the intervention by Security Council. Thus, the purpose of this research is to find out whether the situation in Myanmar is valid for the UN Security Council to carry out humanitarian interventions. Accordingly, this research also analyzes legal measures by the UN Security Council in dealing with human rights violations in Myanmar.

Keyword: Human Rights, Humanitarian Intervention, Rohingya, UN Security Council
Urban Biodiversity In The Light Of The Dynamics Of Industrial Activities In San-Pedro (South-West Of The Ivory Coast)
Authors: Gbitry Abel Bolou , Kouadio Arnaud Kouamé , Chiadon Orphilia Prisca Ogui , Dabié Axel Désiré Nassa
Published: July 2021

The town of San Pedro, located in south-western Côte d'Ivoire, benefits from numerous natural assets (forest, hydrographic, soil), which contrib ute to its economic and social development and the well-being of its population. This situation particularly contributes to the dynamism of industrial activities to the detriment of biodiversity resources. This study therefore aims to identify the negative effects of the expansion of industrial activities in this city on its biodiversity. The methodological approach used was based on a mixed analysis provided by documentary research and a field survey (interview, questionnaire and direct observation). The processing of the data collected in the field led to the conclusion that the expansion of industrial activities in the town of San Pedro has a strong impact on biodiversity resources. More than 70% of the economic actors and heads of households interviewed are speechless in the face of this alarming phenomenon in the locality.
La trascendencia de la publicidad a través de las redes sociales.
Authors: Tovar Sanchez Nanci Paola
Published: July 2021

En la investigación se presentará un estudio y análisis sobre la trascendencia que ha tenido la publicidad a las redes sociales, con el objetivo de analizar y comprender por qué la publicidad ha llegado para quedarse en las plataformas online. De acuerdo con Cámara Valencia (2019), en el mundo online se encuentra muchos soportes publicitarios y las redes sociales se han convertido en el medio favorito de muchos negocios, para hacer publicidad gracias a las grandes ventajas que estas aportan, como el alcance de tener una buena estrategia publicitaria debido a las millones de visualizaciones que se obtienen de los usuarios que se encuentran en las redes sociales y además requiere de poca inversión, las plataformas ofrecen paquetes de acuerdo a las necesidades de cada negocio o persona que quiera promocionarse en ella.
Spektrometria masowa i analiza izotopowa biomarkerów frakcji nasyconej
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Bieleń Wojciech , Janiga Marek ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: August 2021

GC-IRMS analysis extends and confirms (or not) the interpretation based on the results of GC-MS analyses. For example, it is very useful in determining the sedimentation environment of organic matter. GC-MS analysis of biomarkers and the results are reliable, but only GC-IRMS studies can confirm it. In this study, the origin of BNH (28,30-bisnorhopane from chemoautotrophic bacteria) and origin of higher carotenoids and their derivatives from Chlorobiaceae or Chromotiaceae bacteria were confirmed through isotopic analyzes. Biomarkers were analyzed using the GC-IRMS and EA-IRMS apparatus. The obtained chromatograms from the IRMS analyses were compared with the archival GC-MS analyses for the same samples in order to identify individual chemical compounds. In addition to the existing methodology of sample preparation for analyses, a non-standard method was also used, consisting in the separation of n-alkanes from branched hydrocarbons. The repeatability of the method was determined on the GC-IRMS and the values of δ13C for selected biomarkers from the saturated fraction were determined. It was found that samples with low biomarker content are not suitable for analysis. On the other hand, too high concentration of the analyte causes an increase of the chromatogram baseline and worse separation of the peaks, which is also a problem. For the crude oils the δ13C values were initially determined for the biomarkers of the saturated fraction from the hopanes group: bisnorhopane (BNH), oleanane, C29 norhopane, C30 hopane, moretane and the C31-C35 homohopane series. Relatively small differences in δ13C values were found between BNH/hopanes and BNH/crude oils, which suggests the same source of origin for all biomarkers (including BNH). Determining biomarkers in the aromatic fraction using the GC-IRMS method was not successful. In the future, a special methodology for preparing samples for carbon isotopic analyses of aromatic fraction will be required.
Przegląd czynników wpływających na skuteczność nawaniania gazu
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Huszał Anna
Published: August 2021

Due to rapid advancement in technology, the odorization process in Poland seems to be increasingly stabilized in practice and conducted at a sufficiently high level. International standards are adopted in this regard. One of the most important requirements for the natural gases quality delivered to customers from a distribution network, guaranteeing their safe use is ensuring an appropriate odorization level, allowing to detect the uncontrolled gas leakages from the distribution network, installation and gas appliances. The odorant concentration in its dosing point should ensure the intensity of the gas odor at the “clearly perceptible” level at the network end point. The odorant concentration variability in the gas network is a dynamic value, constantly accompanying the odorizing process. In consequence constant metrological supervision over the process is needed (what might be done by measuring the odorant concentration and gas odor intensity). Also, verification of undergoing periodic changes in the value of the minimum concentration of odorant in the gas for the respective groups of natural gases and various gas pipelines based on operational experience and field measurements is required. Such verification allows to determine the optimal concentration of odorant for each group of natural gases and furthermore allows to optimize the cost of gas odorization process while ensuring its legally required quality described as odor intensity. This article presents the problem of the dependence of the network gas odorization effectiveness on various factors, especially network parameters or even the gas composition itself. Their identification allows to better plan the process and ensure its effective implementation, which ultimately ensures safety for gas users.
Wytyczne do modelowania emisji GHG w cyklu życia komponentów paliw z pirolizy biomasy
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Rogowska Delfina
Published: August 2021

The goals of the European Union set out in Directive 2018/2001 for 2030, including in particular the transport target of 3.5% share of the energy produced from feedstocks listed in Annex IX to the directive, indicate the need to search for new technologies for processing these feedstocks. The latter include waste and residual materials, including those from agriculture and forestry, cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials. These are feedstocks that are difficult or impossible to process using currently operating technologies. For this reason, it is necessary to implement new technologies allowing the use of feedstocks listed in Annex IX. These technologies should allow the production of high-quality engine fuel components and at the same time meet the sustainability criteria defined in Directive 2018/2001. The conducted literature review indicated that biomass pyrolysis combined with the hydrograding process may be such a technology. The article also provides a short literature review concerning the determination of GHG emission intensity for products from solid biomass pyrolysis. The review showed that this is a promising process, however, depending on the raw materials and energy carriers used, meeting the GHG emission reduction criterion may be difficult, especially if biomass from crops is used as the raw material. This article provides guidelines for the development of a model for calculating GHG emissions in the life cycle of a biocomponent from biomass pyrolysis. The entire life cycle of the biocomponent has been divided into sub-processes. Each of them has been briefly characterized. For each of them, the system boundaries, functional unit, input and output streams are defined. The sources of GHG emissions and the product to which these emissions can be allocated were also indicated. The stages identified in this biofuel production pathway have been assigned to the GHG emission components given in the formula in Directive 2018/2001.
Substantiation of technological parameters in the production of composite polyphenylene sulfide-based tape
Authors: Smirnov G.K. , Reznik S.V. , Gareev A.R. , Khodnev A.D.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study was to select technological parameters of the production line of unidirectional thermoplastic polyphenylene sulfide-based tapes. The selection was made relying on the variation of the tape speed, the temperature of the sub-melting furnace, and the calendering module in the simulation of heat transfer processes. Modeling of heat transfer was based on the results of tests to determine the temperatures of phase transitions of a thermoplastic polymer in the composition of composite material and the dependence of the heat capacity of the composite on temperature. The indicated properties of the material were determined by analyzing the dependences obtained during differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. As a result, the allowable range of distances between the polymer binder melting furnace and the calendering module was determined, which provides the necessary tape temperatures at the stages under consideration and the manufacturability of production. The permissible range of distances between the calendering module and the coiling module was also determined.