bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New peri-Gondwanan occurrences of the Ordovician genus
Diamphidiocystis
(Echinodermata, Stylophora): implications for mitrocystitid palaeobiogeography and diversity
Authors: Lefebvre Bertrand , Nohejlová Martina , Kašička Libor , Zicha Ondřej
Published: January 2022

Anomalocystitid mitrates represent one of the most diverse and long ranging clade of stylophorans (Early Ordovician–Middle Devonian). Although they probably originated from a peri-Gondwanan stock of early mitrocystitids during the Floian, the fossil record of anomalocystitids in the Middle–Upper Ordovician of the Mediterranean Province remains extremely scarce and largely underestimated. The unusually shaped anomalocystitid genus
Diamphidiocystis
was originally described in the latest Katian–Hirnantian of North America (Illinois). However, earlier occurrences of this genus in the late Darriwilian of western France (Brittany) suggest a probable peri-Gondwanan origin. Based on new Middle to Late Ordovician material from the Anti-Atlas (Morocco), Bohemia (Czech Republic) and Brittany (France), all occurrences of Mediterranean
Diamphidiocystis
are considered as conspecific and formally described as
D. regnaulti
sp. nov. The palaeobiogeographical significance of Ordovician anomalocystitid mitrates is discussed.
Japan Watch - Lithium Ion Batteries on the Upswing
Authors: Osaka Tetsuya
Published: January 2022

The trend in shipment of secondary batteries within Japan has changed recently. The number of Li-ion batteries shipped in Japan since the end of 1996 has grown to such an extent that it has exceeded the demand.
[Retracted] Personalized Education Based on Hybrid Intelligent Recommendation System
Authors: Zheng Fangxia
Published: January 2022

Differentiated pedagogy is a flexible and organized adaptation of teaching and learning as it argues that students, even those of the same age, have differences in learning readiness, interests, learning style, experiences, and living circumstances. These differences are important in the determination of requirements of their learning and the way of effective learning. In addition, the foundation for effective learning is the sense of community within the classroom, the authentic learning opportunities of using educational equipment, and the connection of the lesson with the experiences and interests of the students. In essence, the support of a teacher guides the pupils to learn to work on their own during a declining guidance policy, to improve their abilities and skills. Thus, the teachers are asked to modify their teaching methods instead of applying a similar way of teaching for all students. The modified teaching style should meet the different levels of readiness of students, the different ways they learn, and their different interests. In support of this specific task for teachers, the current work presents a personalized education system based on hybrid intelligent recommendations. Specifically, a hybrid framework of artificial intelligence is proposed, which focuses on the way to provide targeted recommendations for the implementation of integrated standard lesson plans, which will be the main tool for creating flexible differentiated pedagogical programs that will perfectly meet the personal needs and particularities of each student.
Influence of Embedded Microprocessor Wireless Communication and Computer Vision in Wushu Competition Referees’ Decision Support
Authors: Ji Jingjing , Liang Feng
Published: January 2022

With the development of computer technology and management science, decision support systems have emerged that can improve the quality and effects of decision-making. This study mainly examined the application of the wireless communication of an embedded microprocessor and computer vision in the decision support system of martial arts competition referees. Using the embedded microprocessor’s characteristics of a small size, high precision, high reliability, and high efficiency, a decision support system for martial arts competition referees was designed. In the experiment, the similarity between the target field and the source field could be controlled by adjusting the mean value. To better extract the target, this study used the time domain changes of the three adjacent frames, before, middle, and back, to detect the moving target to extract the change detection template. The Canny edge detection method was used to extract the edge information of the image and eliminate the nonmotion area; then, morphology was used to correct the image to complete the connection of the broken edge to obtain the final initial segmentation mask image. In the process of calculation, there were some noises and small fragments. In this study, morphology and background difference were used to optimize the segmented image. Experimental data show that the algorithm detection accuracy rate was high—between 70% and 100%—and the effect was relatively ideal. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce matching noise, improve the matching accuracy of the edge area and the low-texture area, and achieve a fast matching speed.
Application Research of Artificial Intelligence Screening System for Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Wang Yuwen , Wang Lina , Zhou Heding , Liao Yanhong , Yi Quanyong
Published: January 2022

According to the latest data from the Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, China currently has 199.6 million diabetic patients and has become the world’s largest country with diabetes. The prevalence rate is as high as 14.3%, which is much higher than the world average of 5.8%. The primary-level ophthalmic screening service is one of the important tasks to improve primary-level medical services, and the corresponding ophthalmic imaging diagnosis technology is an important support for primary-level medical and health services. Therefore, it is very necessary for us to study the application of artificial intelligence image recognition technology for diabetic retinopathy under the medical consortium mode and to study the precise initial diagnosis, precise referral, and precise follow-up of diabetic retina under the medical conjoined mode, so as to better promote the transformation of the ophthalmology primary service model. Based on this background, in this article, we have proposed and carried out the following solution: (1) diabetes data collation. Based on medical artificial intelligence technology, this paper collected 2,265 electronic medical records from an eye hospital in Ningbo and selected 2,000 qualified medical records for data integration and preprocessing. The contents of electronic medical records mainly include age, gender, and examination records. (2) Establish diabetic retinopathy diagnosis model based on neural network algorithm. This article first uses the classic algorithm of BP neural network for modeling, chooses the Levenberg–Marquardt method as the training function, and selects 10 hidden layer units through comparison experiments. After that, ophthalmologists assessed 80 sets of test results and determined the right diagnosis rate. Finally, this article compares and analyzes the accuracy of the two routes in 80 tests.
Big Data-Based Access Control System in Educational Information Security Assurance
Authors: Peng Zhong , Liang Feng , Mu Lili
Published: January 2022

Access control is a key strategy to prevent and protect the network. The most important task is to ensure that visitors will not use network resources and will not conduct unauthorized access to them. This paper studies a number of information security issues in the process of education informatization, aimed at studying the application of access control systems based on big data in education information security. This article elaborates on the related concepts of access control and proposes an attribute-based encryption scheme. Based on this, an information system security system model with security strategy as the core content is constructed. The experimental results in this paper show that the improved access control system has the more efficient guarantee ability in education information security, which is about 47.3% higher than the traditional access control system.
The Probiotics in Pediatric Asthma Management (PROPAM) Study in the Primary Care Setting: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Trial with Ligilactobacillus salivarius LS01 (DSM 22775) and Bifidobacterium breve B632 (DSM 24706)
Authors: Drago Lorenzo , Cioffi Luigi , Giuliano Maria , Pane Marco , Amoruso Angela , Schiavetti Irene , Reid Gregor , Ciprandi Giorgio , PROPAM Study Group
Published: January 2022

Background. Type-2 inflammation commonly marks asthma in childhood. Also, gut and lung dysbiosis is detectable in patients with asthma. Strain-related probiotic supplementation may restore a physiological immune response, dampen airway inflammation, and repair dysbiosis. Therefore, the probiotics in pediatric asthma management (PROPAM) study is aimed at demonstrating that Ligilactobacillus salivarius LS01 (DSM 22775) and Bifidobacterium breve B632 (DSM 24706) mixture could reduce asthma exacerbations in children, followed in a primary care setting. Methods. The study was randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blind. It involved 11 Italian primary care pediatricians. The probiotic mixture (containing Ligilactobacillus salivarius LS011×109live cells and Bifidobacterium breve B6321×109live cells) or placebo was taken twice daily (1 sachet in the morning and 1 in the evening) for eight weeks and subsequently once daily for a further eight weeks. Outcomes included number, severity, and duration of asthma exacerbations, intensity of maintenance and as need treatments, and safety. Results. The per-protocol population included 422 children (mean age seven years, 240 males and 182 females). The probiotic mixture significantly reduced the number of asthmatic exacerbations (OR=3.17). In addition, the number of children with two exacerbations was less than a third in the active group (OR=3.65). Conclusions. This PROPAM study demonstrated that probiotic strains Ligilactobacillus salivarius LS01 (DSM 22775) and Bifidobacterium breve B632 (DSM 24706) were safe and significantly reduced by more than a third the frequency of asthma exacerbations. At present, the first-line treatment of asthma is still drug-based, but specific strains of probiotics may be auxiliary remedies.
Techno-Economic Comparisons of HVAC and Simultaneous AC-DC Transmission
Authors: Asmare Lijalem Dires , Gessesse Belachew Bantyirga , Getie Elias Mandefro
Published: January 2022

Electric power consumption has been increasing rapidly across the globe; this increase specially accelerated in the last decade. Consequently, existing transmission lines are becoming overloaded beyond their power transfer capability. The inadequacy of the transmission lines has contributed to power interruptions and instability of the power system. Construction of new transmission lines can be a solution to mitigate these problems. However, to build the whole structure of a new transmission line, a huge investment is required. Besides this, environmental concerns would create further barriers that delay the accomplishment of the project. Therefore, the effective and quickest solution to tackle this problem is enhancing the power transfer capability and stability margin of existing transmission lines. This paper studied the techno-economic feasibility of converting an existing HVAC line into a simultaneous AC-DC power transmission system to enhance power transfer capability as well as to improve power system stability. Using the proposed method, the loadability of Tana Beles to Addis Ababa 400 kV, 476.2 km AC line has increased to more than double which is from 1091.66 MW to 2196.85 MW. The active power loss and corona loss evaluation of the two systems ensured that simultaneous AC-DC system is more efficient than HVAC system. It is also shown that the instability can be effectively improved by simultaneous AC-DC power transmission with fast DC power modulation. From the economic point of view, rather than constructing new HVAC line, converting existing HVAC line into simultaneous AC-DC transmission system has a price reduction of about 107,984,968.56 USD or 32.46% of the new HVAC line cost. Considering a 35-year project life cost analysis, it is observed that the life cycle cost of the simultaneous AC-DC transmission system is about 29.2% lower than the life cycle cost of a new 400 kV HVAC line. Thus, the designed simultaneous AC-DC power transmission system has better technical performance and also is less costly than constructing a new HVAC line.
Research on Integrated Design of Modular Steel Structure Container Buildings Based on BIM
Authors: Su Meng , Yang Bauer , Wang Xiaomin
Published: January 2022

Modular container buildings, as new modular steel structure buildings with the advantages of modular construction and transportation, fast construction speed, and conformance to the concept of sustainable development, have achieved rapid development in the field of civil engineering in recent years. However, in view of the incompatibility of the standards and systems between the traditional construction industry and the container manufacturing industry, contradictions between industrialization, standardization requirements and diversified demands of buildings, and the low integration of the design system of modular steel structure buildings, the further development of the modular container building industry has encountered a bottleneck. In this study, for resolving this problem, it was proposed to coordinate the modular sequence of the construction and container manufacturing, establish a modular system for modular steel structure buildings, establish a database of container building components and parts, and integrate BIM and PDM platforms, to strengthen professional coordination and improve the integrated design that can increase the integration of the whole process of design. The application and verification in pilot projects such as Huaduhui Commercial Street have approved that this design method can effectively improve the standardization, industrialization, and information levels of design, production, and construction, increase the diversity and overall quality of modular buildings, and promote the achievement of the integration target of the modular steel structure building system.
Design and Optimization of Children’s Education Online Monitoring System Based on 5G and Internet of Things
Authors: Lv Wu , Zhong Qiuju
Published: January 2022

At present, the problem of children’s education informationization is becoming more and more prominent. With the strengthening of national education, children’s online education has become one of the main forms. In order to educate children online, this paper proposes an online education system based on 5G technology and Internet of Things technology, which mainly solves the problems existing in current education. The results show the following: (1) UI test results basically meet the requirements of users; for the pursuit of personalized users, further development and improvement are needed. (2) Compared with children’s module, the response time of manager module increased by 12%, and all the response times did not exceed 10s, so the user experience was very good. The access success rate of children’s module is 99%, and that of managers’ module is 98%. It is necessary to further study what factors interfere with the success rate, which leads to the failure of 100% success. (3) After optimization, the total energy consumption is the lowest compared with NOMA and TDMA, which is the best energy efficiency optimization method to solve the communication of Internet of Things. The simulation of the system is in good condition, and the follow-up research work of developers will take this system as the core to improve more details, hoping to put it into market operation formally.
Construction of Wireless Sensor Model for Carbon Neutralization and Environmental Protection from the Perspective of Energy Internet of Things Transformation
Authors: Tian Huawen , Jiang Liwen , Zhang Jie
Published: January 2022

Carbon neutral environmental protection is an important way to effectively control the rapid rise of global temperature, promote the green transformation of energy utilization, and promote green, low-carbon, and other technological progress. It is a new driving force for world economic development and growth. This paper explores the construction of wireless sensor model for carbon neutralization and environmental protection from the perspective of the transformation of energy Internet of things. This paper analyzes the development background and research status of energy Internet of things technology at home and abroad and determines the overall design scheme of environmental monitoring Internet of things system. Then, we design the overall scheme of wireless sensor model under the environment monitoring Internet of things system. An experimental test platform was built to test the performance of the environmental monitoring Internet of things system. The test results show that the wireless sensor can monitor and respond to physical impact, and the generated energy can realize wireless data transmission of about 20 m; the regional coverage and fixed-point Internet of things system can realize the real-time monitoring of environmental parameters such as light, temperature, humidity, and dust, interact with the data and instructions of the cloud platform normally, and work stably. The basic functions of the whole Internet of things system have been realized, including the alarm function of passive wireless impact sensing, the cloud real-time monitoring function of environmental data and the real-time sending function of cloud instructions, and the real-time monitoring of indoor and outdoor environment under two working modes. The task objectives set in the early stage of the whole system are realized.
Oxidative Stress in Plasma from Patients with Marfan Syndrome Is Modulated by Deodorized Garlic Preliminary Findings
Authors: Pérez-Torres Israel , Soto María Elena , Manzano-Pech Linaloe , Díaz-Diaz Eulises , Soria-Castro Elizabeth , Rubio-Ruíz María Esther , Guarner-Lans Verónica
Published: January 2022

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disorder of connective tissue that affects the fibrillin-1 protein (FBN-1). It is associated with the formation of aneurysms, damage to the endothelium and oxidative stress (OS). Allium sativum (garlic) has antioxidant properties; therefore, the goal of this study was to show the antioxidant effect of deodorized garlic (DG) on antioxidant enzymes and OS markers in the plasma of patients with MFS. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD), peroxidases, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), gluthatione-S-tranferase (GST), and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) was quantified, and nonenzymatic antioxidant system markers including lipid peroxidation (LPO), carbonylation, nitrates/nitrites, GSH, and vitamin C in plasma were determined in patients with MFS before and after treatment with DG. The results show that DG increased the activity of the EcSOD, peroxidases, GPx, GST, TrxR (

p
≤
0.05

) and decrease LPO, carbonylation, and nitrates/nitrites (

p
≤
0.01

). However, glutathione was increased (

p
=
0.01

) in plasma from patients with MFS. This suggests that treatment with garlic could lower the OS threshold by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and could help in the prevention and mitigation of adverse OS in patients with MFS.
Hybrid MPC-Based Automatic Generation Control for Dominant Wind Energy Penetrated Multisource Power System
Authors: Hasan Naimul , Alsaidan Ibrahim , Sajid Mohammad , Khatoon Shahida , Farooq Shuaib
Published: January 2022

This paper presents hybrid model predictive control-based automatic generation regulator design for dominant wind energy penetrated multisource power system. The other power generation sources hydro and thermal are also considered in each area. The proposed AGC regulator is designed for each independent area considering only local power system states to ensure the stability of closed-loop system under small perturbation. The performance of the proposed AGC regulator has been validated for 2% step load perturbation. Furthermore, system parameter is varied to 20% of nominal value to assess the robust performance of the regulator. Performance evaluation between the hybrid MPC, conventional MPC, and traditional AGC regulators considering the dominant participation of the DFIG wind turbines is presented to demonstrate the superior performance of the hybrid MPC AGC regulator.
The Innovative Practice of Artificial Intelligence in the Inheritance of Chinese Xiangjin Art
Authors: Wenji Zhao , Rongrong Cui , Li Niu
Published: January 2022

This paper attempted to study the cultural characteristics and intelligent inheritance of Chinese Xiangjin brocade. Qualitative data was collected by in-depth interview method, and more than 1000 pieces of Xiangjin brocade of Suzhou Archives in China were measured for analyzing artistic features of their pattern design, color matching skills, and weaving technology, the study of which illustrated artistic features of modern Xiangjin brocade in detail and provides an important reference for its cultural and weaving inheritance. In addition, the artificial intelligence (AI) and the inheritance of Xiangjin art characteristics are integrated, the traditional handicrafts and digital art are docked, and the corresponding digital art protection mode is selected according to the characteristics of traditional handicrafts. The intelligent inheritance of cultural heritage not only changes the way of inheriting the artistic characteristics of Xiangjin, but also changes people’s general cognition of the cultural characteristics of Xiangjin. As a result, the integrity, authenticity, reliability, and comprehensiveness of the technological process of Xiangjin can be inherited, the patterns of Xiangjin can be preserved and applied, and the craft culture of Xiangjin can be inherited, protected, and developed.
Mitofusin-2 Restrains Hepatic Stellate Cells’ Proliferation via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway and Inhibits Liver Fibrosis in Rats
Authors: Chen Zhiping , Lin Zeyu , Yu Jiandong , Zhong Haifeng , Zhuo Xianhua , Jia Changku , Wan Yunle
Published: January 2022

The mitochondrial GTPase mitofusin-2 (MFN2) gene can suppress the cell cycle and regulate cell proliferation in a number of cell types. However, its function in hepatic fibrosis remains largely unexplored. We attempted to understand the mechanism of MFN2 in hepatic stellate cell (HSC) proliferation and the development of hepatic fibrosis. Rat HSC-T6 HSC were cultured and transfected by adenovirus- (Ad-) Mfn2 or its negative control (NC) vector (Ad-green fluorescent protein (GFP)); a rat liver cirrhosis model was established via subcutaneous injection with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Seventy-two rats were randomly divided into four groups: CCl4, Mfn2, GFP, and NC. Ad-Mfn2 or Ad-GFP was transfected into the circulation via intravenous injection at day 1, 14, 28, 42, or 56 after the first injection of CCl4 in the Mfn2/GFP groups. Biomarkers related to HSC proliferation and the development of hepatic fibrosis were detected using western blotting, hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining, and immunohistochemistry. In vitro, Mfn2 interfered specifically with platelet-derived growth factor- (PDGF-) induced signaling pathway (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase- (PI3K-) AKT), inhibiting HSC-T6 cell activation and proliferation. During the process of hepatic fibrosis in vivo, extracellular collagen deposition and the expression of fibrosis-related proteins increased progressively, while Mfn2 expression decreased gradually. Upregulating Mfn2 expression at the early stage of fibrosis impeded the process, triggered the downregulation of type I collagen, and antagonized the formation of factors associated with liver fibrosis. Mfn2 suppresses HSC proliferation and activation and exhibits antifibrotic potential in early-stage hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, it may represent a significant therapeutic target for eradicating hepatic fibrosis.
Artificial Intelligence as a Service for Immoral Content Detection and Eradication
Authors: Shah Fadia , Anwar Aamir , ul haq Ijaz , AlSalman Hussain , Hussain Saddam , Al-Hadhrami Suheer
Published: January 2022

Social media is referred to as active global media because of its seamless binding thanks to COVID-19. Connecting software such as Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, WeChat, and others come with a variety of capabilities. They are well-known for their low-cost, quick, and effective communication. Because of the seclusion and travel constraints caused by COVID-19, concerns, such as low physical involvement in many possible activities, have arisen. Depending on their information, knowledge, nature, experience, and way of behavior, various types of human beings have diverse responses to any scenario. As the number of net subscribers grows, inappropriate material has become a major concern. The world's most prestigious and trustworthy organizations are keenly interested in conducting practical research in this field. The research contributes to using Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a service (AIaaS) for preventing the spread of immoral content. As software as a service (SaaS) and infrastructure as a service (IaaS), AIaaS for immoral content detection and eradication can use effective cloud computing models to leverage this service. It is highly adaptable and dynamic. AIaaS-based immoral content detection is mostly effective for optimizing the outcomes based on big data training data samples. Immoral content is identified for semantic and sentiment evaluation, and content is divided into immoral, cyberbullying, and dislike components. The suggested paper's main issue is the polarity of immoral content that can be processed using an AI-based optimization approach to control content proliferation. To finish the class and statistical analysis, support vector machine (SVM), selection tree, and Naive Bayes classifiers are employed.
A Secure and Efficient Energy Trading Model Using Blockchain for a 5G-Deployed Smart Community
Authors: Yahaya Adamu Sani , Javaid Nadeem , Ullah Sameeh , Khalid Rabiya , Javed Muhammad Umar , Khan Rehan Ullah , Wadud Zahid , Khan Muhammad Asghar
Published: January 2022

A Smart Community (SC) is an essential part of the Internet of Energy (IoE), which helps to integrate Electric Vehicles (EVs) and distributed renewable energy sources in a smart grid. As a result of the potential privacy and security challenges in the distributed energy system, it is becoming a great problem to optimally schedule EVs’ charging with different energy consumption patterns and perform reliable energy trading in the SC. In this paper, a blockchain-based privacy-preserving energy trading system for 5G-deployed SC is proposed. The proposed system is divided into two components: EVs and residential prosumers. In this system, a reputation-based distributed matching algorithm for EVs and a Reward-based Starvation Free Energy Allocation Policy (RSFEAP) for residential homes are presented. A short-term load forecasting model for EVs’ charging using multiple linear regression is proposed to plan and manage the intermittent charging behavior of EVs. In the proposed system, identity-based encryption and homomorphic encryption techniques are integrated to protect the privacy of transactions and users, respectively. The performance of the proposed system for EVs’ component is evaluated using convergence duration, forecasting accuracy, and executional and transactional costs as performance metrics. For the residential prosumers’ component, the performance is evaluated using reward index, type of transactions, energy contributed, average convergence time, and the number of iterations as performance metrics. The simulation results for EVs’ charging forecasting gives an accuracy of 99.25%. For the EVs matching algorithm, the proposed privacy-preserving algorithm converges faster than the bichromatic mutual nearest neighbor algorithm. For RSFEAP, the number of iterations for 50 prosumers is 8, which is smaller than the benchmark. Its convergence duration is also 10 times less than the benchmark scheme. Moreover, security and privacy analyses are presented. Finally, we carry out security vulnerability analysis of smart contracts to ensure that the proposed smart contracts are secure and bug-free against the common vulnerabilities’ attacks. The results show that the smart contracts are secure against both internal and external attacks.
A Novel Data Visualization Model Based on Autoencoder Using Big Data Analysis and Distributed Processing Technology
Authors: Feng Hui , Chen Guozhen
Published: January 2022

From the standpoint of visual elements, this article investigates the use of visual information technology in visual communication design. At this time, information visualization and data visualization are widely used to display visual form, which greatly facilitates people’s use, provides a solid application foundation for visual communication design, and promotes its development. The image presentation of data is a common encoding process, and the reading of image content is the corresponding decoding process from the perspective of encoding and decoding. The combined efficacy of data encoding and image decoding determines the effectiveness of data visualization. It is worth noting that when it comes to “encoding and decoding,” it has been established that the design mode of data visualization and visual communication is not a process of copying images but rather an external form of human thought. Then, there is the unmistakable presence of something unseen in the encoding and decoding processes. It also serves as the encoding and decoding key in the human brain. The image is as follows. From the standpoint of encoding and decoding, this article employs the data visualization self-encoder method to obtain visual data. Design pattern representation for perceptual communication can effectively support users’ rapid motion analysis during the browsing process.
Immunological Risk Assessment of Xenogeneic Dural Patch by Comparing with Raw Material via GTKO Mice
Authors: Mu Yufeng , Shao Anliang , Shi Li , Du Bin , Zhang Yongjie , Luo Jie , Xu Liming , Qu Shuxin
Published: January 2022

Objective. In this study, α‐Gal epitope‐deficient (GGTA1 knockout (GTKO)) mice were used to assess the immunological risks of xenogeneic dural patch by comparing with raw material. Methods. The xenogeneic dural patch (T2) was prepared from bovine pericardium (T1, raw material) through decellularization and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) coating. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the collagen fibers and surface microstructural changes in the T1 and T2 samples. The remnant α‐Gal epitopes and DNA of implants were detected by standardized method. T1 and T2 were implanted subcutaneously into GTKO mice for 4 and 12 weeks, respectively, and the negative control group (Con) was only performed sham operation. The total serum antibody, anti‐Gal antibody, and splenic lymphocyte subtypes were analyzed by ELISA or flow cytometry, and histological analysis of implant‐tissue was performed by H&E and Masson stain. Results. TEM and Sirius red staining showed that the collagen fibers in the dural patch were closely arranged, and SEM showed that a loose three‐dimensional structure was successfully constructed on the surface of the dural patch after CMCS coating. The remnant DNA in T2 was 24.64 ± 8.73 ng/mg (dry weight), and clearance of α‐Gal epitope was up to 99.83% compared to T1. The significant increases in serum total IgM, anti‐Gal IgG, and anti‐Gal IgM at 4 weeks and the significant changes in anti‐Gal IgG and spleen lymphocyte at 12 weeks were observed in the T1 group, but no significant change was observed in the T2 group, compared to the control group. Histological semiquantitative analysis showed severe cell and tissue responses at 4 weeks and a moderate response at 12 weeks in the T1 group, while a moderate response at 4 weeks and a slight response at 12 weeks in the T2 group. Conclusions. The results demonstrated that the xenogeneic dural patch has a lower and acceptable immunological risk compared to the raw material and control, respectively. On the other hand, it was suggested that GTKO mice are useful experimental model for immunological risk assessment of animal tissue‐derived biomaterials.
Enhancement Modelling Based on Electrical Discharge Machining Successive Discharges
Authors: Abed Farook Nehad , Ramesh V. , Fadhil Jwaid Mohanad , Agarwal Nidhi , Koundal Deepika , Mohamed Ibrahim Abdelrahman
Published: January 2022

The surface roughness of Inconel 718 is predicted using a sequential discharge model for electrical discharge machining (EDM). To begin with, the EDM single pulse discharge machining process was accurately simulated using the finite-element method (FEM). The surface topography under various discharge settings, the size, and the characteristic parameters of a single-pulse crater are simulated. Second, the material defines the discharge position as the minimum gap width between the work piece’s starting surface and the electrode in the removal model. The simulation shows that the magnitude of the single-pulse discharge energy influences the crater’s form and size. A difference in discharge energy causes a divergence in the increasing crater radius, depth, and flanging height trends. On the other hand, the ultimate surface morphology of an EDM machined surface is determined by the distribution of discharge locations around the parts in the workpiece; finally, machined surfaces are inspected using the same discharge parameters. The EDM work piece’s surface morphology matches the material removal. Between simulation and experiment, there is a relative error in surface roughness around 8.26%, and there is a relative error in surface roughness.
Study on Fabrication of Antibacterial Low Molecular Weight Nanochitosan Using Sodium Tripolyphosphate and Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Anh , Nguyen Thi Huong
Published: January 2022

In the study, chitosan was decomposed into low molecular weight chitosan by using different H2O2 concentrations for chain termination, and then chitosan was prepared with different concentrations of tripolyphosphate cations (TPP). We have obtained the following result: the formation of chitosan depends on the concentration of TPP; TPP at low or high concentrations does not react with chitosan to form small chitosan molecules. Properly structured chitosan is only obtained when the mass ratio of chitosan/TPP is 6 : 3. At this rate, when the mass ratio of chitosan/TPP is approximately 6 : 3, there the formed nanochitosan particles have good antibacterial ability against strains of E. coli, M. catarrhalis, and S. aureus. In this work, initially, a successful preparation of a suspension between nasal spray and small chitosan suspension was found at manufacturing ratios: 5 ml nasal spray and 5 ml manufactured chitosan suspension at concentrations of 1 mg/ml, 3 mg/ml, and 5 mg/ml. It proves that the chain termination process by using H2O2 and the creation cross-linking when adding TPP are successful to a certain extent.
lncRNA IGF2-AS Regulates Nucleotide Metabolism by Mediating HMGA1 to Promote Pyroptosis of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Sepsis Patients
Authors: Liang Guibin , Zeng Menghao , Gao Min , Xing Wei , Jin Xin , Wang Qianlu , Deng Longtian , Ou Hao , He Zhihui
Published: January 2022

Background. Sepsis is one of the major causes of death worldwide, and its high mortality and pathological complexity hinder early accurate diagnosis. We aimed to investigate lncRNA IGF2-AS and HMGA1 effects on pyroptosis of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in sepsis patients and the mechanisms involved. Methods. Blood samples from sepsis patients and healthy subjects were collected, and EPCs were isolated and identified. We constructed cell lines that knocked down lncRNA IGF2-AS, HMGA1, and TYMS. Furthermore, lncRNA IGF2-AS was overexpressed. Subsequently, dNTP treatment with different concentrations was performed to investigate lncRNA IGF2-AS and HMGA1 effects on pyroptosis of EPCs in sepsis patients. Finally, exosomes were isolated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to detect lncRNA IGF2-AS expression, and the influence of MSC-derived exosomal lncRNA IGF2-AS on sepsis was preliminarily discussed. Results. Compared with Healthy group, lncRNA IGF2-AS, HMGA1, and TYMS were highly expressed in Sepsis group. Compared with si-NC group, si-lncRNA IGF2-AS group had increased proliferation ability, decreased pyroptosis, decreased HMGA1, RRM2, TK1, and TYMS expressions. lncRNA IGF2-AS played a regulatory role by binding HMGA1. Compared with si-NC group, the proliferation ability of si-HMGA1 group increased, pyroptosis decreased, and RRM2, TK1, and TYMS expressions also decreased. Compared with si-NC group, pyroptosis in si-TYMS group was reduced. In addition, HMGA1 was related and bound to TYMS. After overexpressing lncRNA IGF2-AS, dNTP level decreased, while the proliferation increased and pyroptosis decreased with higher concentration of dNTP. In addition, we found that EPCs took up MSC-exosomes. Compared with supernatant group, lncRNA IGF2-AS was expressed in exosomes group. Compared with EPCs group, EPCs+exosomes group had increased lncRNA IGF2-AS expression and increased pyroptosis. Conclusions. lncRNA IGF2-AS regulated nucleotide metabolism by mediating HMGA1 to promote pyroptosis of EPCs in sepsis patients. This study provided important clues for finding new therapeutic targets for sepsis.
Key Frame Extraction Method of Music and Dance Video Based on Multicore Learning Feature Fusion
Authors: Yao Ping
Published: January 2022

The purpose of video key frame extraction is to use as few video frames as possible to represent as much video content as possible, reduce redundant video frames, and reduce the amount of computation, so as to facilitate quick browsing, content summarization, indexing, and retrieval of videos. In this paper, a method of dance motion recognition and video key frame extraction based on multifeature fusion is designed to learn the complicated and changeable dancer motion recognition. Firstly, multiple features are fused, and then the similarity is measured. Then, the video sequences are clustered by the clustering algorithm according to the scene. Finally, the key frames are extracted according to the minimum amount of motion. Through the quantitative analysis and research of the simulation results of different models, it can be seen that the model proposed in this paper can show high performance and stability. The breakthrough of video clip retrieval technology is bound to effectively promote the inheritance and development of dance, which is of great theoretical significance and practical value.
On
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-Hesitant Fuzzy
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-Ideals of
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-Semigroups
Authors: Julatha Pongpun , Iampan Aiyared
Published: January 2022

The notions of an

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-ideal and a

sup
,
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-hesitant fuzzy

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-ideal, which are a generalization of an interval-valued fuzzy

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-ideal, of a

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-semigroup are introduced and some properties are investigated. Characterizations of the notions are provided in terms of sets, fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, interval-valued fuzzy sets, and hesitant fuzzy sets. Furthermore, characterizations of a

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-ideal of a

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-semigroup are given in terms of

inf

-hesitant and

sup
,
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-hesitant fuzzy

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-ideals.
Bluetooth-Low-Energy-Based Fall Detection and Warning System for Elderly People in Nursing Homes
Authors: De Raeve Nick , Shahid Adnan , de Schepper Matthias , De Poorter Eli , Moerman Ingrid , Verhaevert Jo , Van Torre Patrick , Rogier Hendrik
Published: January 2022

Due to the ever growing population of elderly people, there is a dramatic increase in fall accidents. Currently, multiple ideas exist to prevent the elderly from falling, by means of technology or individualised fall prevention training programs. Most of them are costly, difficult to implement or less used by the elderly, and they do not deliver the required results. Furthermore, the increasingly older population will also impact the workload of the medical and nursing personnel. Therefore, we propose a novel fall detection and warning system for nursing homes, relying on Bluetooth Low Energy wireless communication. This paper describes the hardware design of a fall-acceleration sensing wearable for the elderly. Moreover, the paper also focuses on a novel algorithm for real-time filtering of the measurement data as well as on a strategy to confirm the detected fall events, based on changes in the person’s orientation. In addition, we compare the performance of the algorithm to a machine learning procedure using a convolutional neural network. Finally, the proposed filtering technique is validated via measurements and simulation. The results show that the proposed algorithm as well as the convolutional neural network both results in an excellent accuracy when validating on a common database.
Prognostic Role of Tumor Microenvironment in DLBCL and Relation to Patients’ Clinical Outcome: A Clinical and Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Ghorab Doaa Shams-Deen , Helaly Ahmed Mohamed , El Mahdi Hoda Saleh , Khatatbeh Moawiah , Ibrahiem Afaf Taha
Published: January 2022

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma is the most common type of lymphoma in Egypt with an unfavorable prognosis. The tumor microenvironment is rich in immune response either T cells or macrophages. The current study is aimed at testing CD4, CD8, CD68, and MMP9 immunohistochemistry of DLBCL activities with the prognosis of the tumor. The results showed no positive relation between T cell and macrophage reaction to the tumor prognosis suggesting that this reaction is part of the tumor process and not a defense mechanism from the surrounding stroma.
MicroRNA 1228 Mediates the Viability of High Glucose-Cultured Renal Tubule Cells through Targeting Thrombospondin 2 and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Mo Taoran , Fu Qiang , Hu Xiaoyang , Fu Yin , Li Ji
Published: January 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to elucidate the potential function of microRNA 1228 (miR-1228) on the high glucose (HG)-damaged human renal proximal tubule cells (HK-2) and the underlying mechanism. Methods: The datasets GSE47185 and GSE51674 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database for mining differently expressed mRNAs and miRNAs, respectively. Bioinformatics online tools were applied to predict the binding sites between miR-1228 and thrombospondin 2 (THBS2), which was confirmed by dual-luciferase assay. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA level of miR-1228/THBS2. Western blot was used to detect the protein level of THBS2 and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-associated markers. HK-2 cells were cultured in HG (30 mM) to mimic hyperglycemia. Cell counting kit 8 and flow cytometry assays were utilized to determine the cell proliferation and apoptosis. Results: The expression of THBS2 was significantly upregulated in diabetic nephropathy (DN) based on bioinformatics tools and identified as a direct target of miR-1228. miR-1228 was downregulated in DN and HG-damaged HK-2 cells. HG notably reduced HK-2 cell proliferation. This negative effect was attenuated by transfecting with an miR-1228 mimic and aggravated by transfecting with an miR-1228 inhibitor. However, under basal condition, there was no significant effect on the HK-2 cell proliferation among blank control, mimic, and inhibitor groups. Overexpression of THBS2 abolished the elevating effect of the miR-1228 mimic on the HG-damaged HK-2 cell proliferation, while restored the inhibitory effects of the miR-1228 mimic on the cell apoptosis. On the contrary, the suppressive effects on the proliferation and the enhancive effects on the apoptosis by silencing miR-1228 in HK-2 cells stimulated with HG can be weakened by recommendation of THBS2 small interference RNAs. Furthermore, we also found that HG significantly enhanced the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT. In terms of overexpression and knockdown experiments, Western blot analysis further revealed that miR-1228 inhibited the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in HG-damaged HK-2 cells by regulating THBS2. Conclusion: The findings illustrated that miR-1228 improved survivability and inhibited apoptosis in HK-2 cells stimulated with HG partly by restraining the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
An Evidence-Based Approach to Diagnosis and Prognosis in a Young Woman with New-Onset Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Case Report
Authors: Juneja Pallavi , Swor Dionne
Published: January 2022

New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a rare clinical diagnosis. Autoimmune encephalitis and paraneoplastic encephalitis are the most common identifiable etiologies of NORSE; of the known autoimmune encephalitides, <200 cases of GAD65-related epilepsy have been reported in the literature. We describe a case of a 24-year-old female who presented with confusion and myoclonus. Electroencephalogram revealed NORSE that evolved into super-refractory status epilepticus. Her CSF showed a mild lymphocytic pleocytosis, and her MRI demonstrated changes in the bilateral temporal lobes. She was ultimately diagnosed with GAD65 autoimmune encephalitis and treated with immune-modulating therapy. This case highlights the complex diagnostic workup of patients with NORSE and the utility of validated prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis. While maintaining a broad differential, the patient’s Antibody Prevalence in Epilepsy (APE) score was a helpful clinical tool to support the pursuit of an autoimmune etiology. We also underline the need to concomitantly treat patients quickly during diagnostic workup because earlier treatment increases the Response to Immunotherapy in Epilepsy (RITE) score, indicating a more favorable prognosis.
LncRNA Dlx6os1 Accelerates Diabetic Nephropathy Progression by Epigenetically Repressing SOX6 via Recruiting EZH2
Authors: Chen Yan-Xia , Zhu Shu-Ying , Huang Chong , Xu Cheng-Yun , Fang Xiang-Dong , Tu Wei-Ping
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide. To explore the pathogenesis and effective biological target of DN is beneficial to seeking novel treatment strategies. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of the lncRNA Dlx6os1/SOX6/EZH2 axis in DN progression. Methods: PAS staining was performed to evaluate extracellular matrix accumulation; ELISA was carried out to assess the levels of urine microalbumin and blood glucose concentration; RT-qPCR was carried out to detect the levels of lncRNA Dlx6os1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, SOX6, and EZH2. Western blot was performed to assess the levels of Col-IV, FN, TGF-β1, and SOX6 proteins. RIP assay was carried out to verify the interaction between lncRNA Dlx6os1 and EZH2. ChIP-qPCR was conducted to verify the interaction between EZH2 and SOX6 promoter. Results: Our results illustrated that lncRNA Dlx6os1 was highly expressed in DN mice and HG-induced SV40 MES13 cells. LncRNA Dlx6os1 knockdown inhibited HG-induced SV40 MES13 cell proliferation, fibrosis, and inflammatory cytokine release. LncRNA Dlx6os1 inhibited SOX6 expression by recruiting EZH2 in HG-SV40 MES13 cells, and SOX6 mediated the effects of lncRNA Dlx6os1 on proliferation, fibrosis, and inflammatory factor release of HG-induced SV40 MES13 cells. Conclusion: LncRNA Dlx6os1 accelerates the progression of DN by epigenetically repressing SOX6 via recruiting EZH2.