bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Civility Practices in Workplace and Marketing Outcomes in Financial Institutions A Case of I & M Bank Rwanda Ltd
Authors: Rosette Sebasoni , Kamande Mercylin
Published: February 2022

Civility practices in the workplace are very crucial if the organization wants to increase its marketing outcomes mainly in financial institutions. In this regard, the researcher sought to conduct research in regard to the impact of civility practices in the workplace on the marketing outcomes with a case of I & M Bank Ltd in Nyarugenge District. Three specific objectives have guided this study; namely to assess the nature of civility practices in the marketing department of I & M Bank Rwanda Ltd, to evaluate the performance of the marketing team in I & M Bank Rwanda Ltd in relation to civility; and assess the relationship between civility practices at workplace and marketing outcomes at I & M Bank Rwanda Ltd. The research was guided by confusion theory, marketing theory and neoclassical theory. The target population of this study is 126 employees. This study used descriptive research design with 126 respondents through use of census as the method of sampling. The interview guide, questionnaire and observational method were used during data collection. To test the validity and reliability of research tools, a pilot study of 14 respondents was done before actual period of data collection and it proved validity of 0.86 which is above 0.7 of content validity index; data analysis was done with the help of SPSS Version 21 while coding, editing and cleaning the data collected from the field by use of primary and secondary data sources. The results have demonstrated a remarkable positive and significant relationship between working relationship and moral interaction (r=0.899 and sig=0.00), between working relationship and mutual respect (r=0.943 and sig=0.00), between moral interaction and mutual respect (r=0.907 and sig=0.00), between customer retention and sales revenue (r=0.927 and sig=0.00), between customer retention and market share (r=0.901 and sig=0.00), between sales revenue and market share (r=0.914 and sig=0.00), between customer relation and working relationships (r=0.888 and sig=0.00), between sales revenue and working relations (r=0.911 and sig=0.00), between market share and working relationship (p=0.891 and sig=0.00), between moral interaction and market share (r=0.853 and sig=0.00) because all calculated p-values have a degree of significance which less than 0.01. Therefore, it implies that significant and positive relationship occurred between civility practices and the marketing outcomes in I & M Bank Rwanda Ltd. Based on the above findings, the researcher encouraged I & M Bank employees to always handle customers with kindness, courteous, respect and civil behavior to ensure the coexistence of civility and marketing outcomes that can only be enhanced by customer care provided to clients of I&M Bank Rwanda Ltd
Risk Management Practices and Profitability of Microfinance Banks in Rwanda A Case of Urwego Bank
Authors: Gahongayire Lydia , Kamande Mercyline
Published: February 2022

Financial institutions are major players in the economic development of a country by offering channels through which funds flow from one source to another. However, they are faced with numerous risks in their daily operations. The main goal behind the current research was to assess the effect of risk management practices on the profitability of microfinance banks in Rwanda, a case of Urwego Bank. Both descriptive and correlational research designs were used. Data was collected from the targeted population of 113 employees in Urwego Bank who were considered for the sampling using the census method. The data was collected using structured questionnaire and interview guide for key informants. The research instrument reliability test was done using Cronbach’s alpha test while the validity was achieved through revision of the questionnaire after a pre-test is conducted. The data that collected was analyzed using SPSS through which data was presented using frequency tables, descriptive statistics, and regression analysis. The findings on risk assessment revealed that 77.8% of the respondents agreed that they can conduct risk identification. A total of 63.4% of the respondents agreed on the importance of risk classification. The regression analysis revealed that there is combined effect of risk measurement, risk identification and risk classification on the profitability of the bank giving an R2 of 0.418. On whether having control measures within a bank can greatly assist in effective risk management, 82.5% of the respondents agreed. 73% of the respondents agreed that risk mitigation strategies are effective ways of reducing the possibility of occurrence of risk and their impact in an organization. 74.1% of respondents showed that risk financing is important for the Bank in its management of risk. Further, regression analysis showed the model was fit at 5% and an R2=0.582 indicating that the changes in profitability of the Bank are influenced by risk control measures. The regression model regarding the risk monitoring was found to be significant and an  showing that the profitability in Urwego Bank is influenced by risk monitoring processes. The overall regression model was significant  and an R2=0.536 and showed that risk management practices should be practiced in totality to ensure that effective results are obtained. Therefore, the researcher recommended that policy makers and supervisors, including the central bank, should be more vigilant in promulgating the culture of risk management in the banks especially for microfinance banks which are few in the industry.
The impact of new technologies “e-learning” on the productivity of companies in a period of crisis: Interviewing BPOs during Covid-19
Authors: El Alji Yasmine
Published: February 2022

New information and communication technologies have changed our economic and business functions. In this case, the training strategy has changed, disrupting the internal functioning of the organization. For this reason, information and communication technologies (ICT) must be applied in training, creating a new reality called “E-learning”. Indeed, the Covid-19 crisis has disrupted the economic system in all sectors and proved the limits of face-to-face training. As a result, the company is forced to change its habits and adapt more quickly to these turbulences to weather the financial crisis and ensure performance. This article aims to explore the contribution of e-learning to the commercial performance of three companies in the field of outsourcing and transaction management BPO’s in times of covid-19 crisis. A qualitative analysis was conducted: A series of semi-directional interviews were conducted with about 14 participants from the Human Resources Department. The companies studied have therefore embarked on this new practice, which is beginning to grow.
Implications of Participative Management as a Factor in Sustainable Performance: Analysis of Advantages and Forms of Management Approaches within Morocco’s SME’s
Authors: Sakhy Chadi
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this analysis is to examine the competitive advantages that can be generated by the application of participative management within the organization. Among the many approaches and technologies that have been applied to date, some methods and technologies have proven to be unsuitable for the current economic and social environment. At the same time, organizations are always looking for more competitive resources to apply innovation and novelty in this field. Through the test model, the results of the analysis refer to data from 93 small and medium-sized companies and 86 in Morocco. In general, managers who adopt participatory and inclusive management practices such as strategic awareness and employee involvement in the implementation of organizational goals have better employee satisfaction and engagement, especially better employee performance and participation, ultimately giving the organization a competitive advantage.
Study of University Teachers Attitudes to Apply to Research Teaching
Authors: Neminska Rumyana
Published: February 2022

The article traces trends in the development of research teaching in an academic setting. The problem is addressed in two areas: scientific-theoretical and reflexive-empirical. The scientific and theoretical part presents the relation between the quality of training and research training. The reflexive-empirical section presents the results of a study conducted among academic staff at some Bulgarian universities. The survey used to conduct the survey examines areas such as reflection and self-reflection in teaching. Theoretically justified conclusions are presented. The current trends in the research training of students at Bulgarian universities are outlined.
Reforma ilustrada y proyecto social. Simón Bergaño, redactor y editor de la Gazeta de Guatemala (1801-1807)
Authors: Hernández González Manuel
Published: February 2022

Este artículo estudia el papel desarrollado por el periodista y literario cántabro Simón Bergaño y Villegas como redactor y editor de la Gazeta de Guatemala entre 1801 y 1807. Aborda su línea editorial, la introducción de planteamientos ilustrados en todos los órdenes dentro de ella, sus conexiones exteriores y proyección en Nueva España y la Península y la oposición de los sectores conservadores de la sociedad guatemalteca, entre ellos su prelado, que condujeron primero a un intento de limitación de contenidos y después a su supresión.
El uso de la prerrogativa regia en la monarquía española e italiana del último tercio del siglo XIX: ¿un gobierno parlamentario?
Authors: Alaña Pérez Aitor
Published: February 2022

A lo largo del Ochocientos, la mayoría de los estados europeos se fueron constituyendo, en un sentido amplio, en monarquías de corte liberal, al dotarse de un texto constitucional que buscó, entre otras cuestiones, delimitar las funciones que debía desempeñar el Trono ante una nueva realidad política solo antes vista en Inglaterra. Del mismo modo, se suele observar a finales del siglo XIX la cristalización de una forma de gobierno parlamentario en buena parte de estas monarquías liberales, adaptando, la mayoría, el modelo inglés que se había implementado satisfactoriamente en este país desde el siglo XVII. Este acercamiento al ideal británico de gobierno monárquico fue el camino emprendido por España e Italia a lo largo de la centuria, puesto que ambos países diseñaron un marco jurídico y una forma de gobierno que evolucionó, con los años, a una forma de gobierno con tintes parlamentarios. Sin embargo, los monarcas españoles e italianos siguieron disponiendo de un elevado número de prerrogativas que sus respectivos textos jurídicos les atribuyeron, herencias del pasado y, sobre todo, una praxis política que hizo que los usos y convenciones constitucionales asumidas por el poder monárquico manifestasen la fragilidad del parlamentarismo en estos dos países mediterráneos. El presente trabajo pretende abordar el uso de la prerrogativa regia durante la Restauración española y la Italia del Risorgimento para analizar, en perspectiva comparada, hasta qué punto la cultura política de ambos países puede ser considerada, a la altura de 1900, una cultura política de gobierno parlamentario.
El dilema del Comité Internacional de Cruz Roja: La neutralidad ante el Genocidio
Authors: Navarro García Fernando
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza la posición adoptada por el Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja (CICR) contra los crímenes nazis de los que fue testigo entre 1933 a 1945 y más específicamente su "política de silencio" – fundada en el principio humanitario de neutralidad - en lo que respecta al Holocausto. La acción humanitaria del CICR no fue fácil durante el periodo analizado, no solo porque carecía de muchos recursos esenciales para actuar eficientemente a nivel de campo en un conflicto que desbordó cualquier previsión de horrores, sino también porque la mera presencia de esta organización fue considerada por algunos beligerantes (Alemania nazi, pero también la URSS y el imperio japonés) como una "interferencia" en su forma de desarrollar la guerra. La segunda parte de este artículo revisa la actividad de la Cruz Roja durante los años del terror nazi: el marco ético y jurídico principal del CICR antes de la Segunda Guerra Mundial (Convenios de Ginebra y los principios humanitarios), la evolución de los crímenes nazis y las actividades principales del CICR y lo que realmente conocían sobre la existencia Genocidio. Finalmente, expondremos las razones que explican la política de silencio del CICR y el impacto que tal actuación ha tenido en la evolución de la Cruz Roja.
Formas cuasi-esclavistas en la agricultura estadounidense. Los jornaleros migratorios tamaulipecos
Authors: Izcara Palacios Simón Pedro
Published: February 2022

La mayor parte de la mano de obra empleada en la agricultura de Estados Unidos son inmigrantes indocumentados porque una implementación sesgada de la política migratoria en favor de los intereses de los empleadores les permite dar trabajo a personas que no tienen documentos; pero expone a los últimos a condenas de carácter civil y penal por cruzar la frontera de modo subrepticio y utilizar documentos falsos. Este artículo argumenta que una implementación sesgada de la ley migratoria ha generado un retorno de formas cuasi-esclavistas en la agricultura estadounidense. En los testimonios de los jornaleros tamaulipecos entrevistados no se mencionaban escenarios de violencia física; pero sí que eran frecuentes las alusiones a formas diversas de coerción psicológica. La violencia verbal, el endeudamiento y el trato paternalista, son utilizados por los empleadores para someter a los trabajadores migratorios a estrictos regímenes laborales y a pagarles jornales que se encuentran por debajo de los mínimos legales. A modo de ejemplo, en las plantaciones de tabaco el envenenamiento por nicotina era muy frecuente ya que los trabajadores migratorios tamaulipecos tenían que trabajar cuando se aplicaban agroquímicos
militares ante la Segunda República
Authors: Puell de la Villa Fernando
Published: February 2022

El artículo plantea la cuestión de por qué la mitad de los cuadros de mando del ejército español se sumó al golpe de 1936 y que éste contara con las simpatías de buena parte de la otra mitad. Se parte de las características y actitud de aquel grupo social ante la proclamación de la Segunda República y se analizan después los factores internos y externos que incidieron en su evolución posterior. Entre los internos, se contempla la incidencia ejercido por los cambios estructurales y organizativos introducidos el ministro de la Guerra Manuel Azaña entre 1931 y 1933 y por el aparente deterioro del orden público. Y entre los externos, la aprobación del Estatuto de Autonomía de Cataluña en 1932, cuestión considerada mayoritariamente como una ruptura de la unidad de España, y el convencimiento de que la Komintern intentaba desencadenar en España una revolución similar a la rusa de 1917. Por último, la victoria del Frente Popular en febrero de 1936 y el regreso de Azaña al poder incrementaron el rechazo de muchos oficiales hacia el régimen republicano. Desde ese momento, los falsos augurios de la inminente implantación de un régimen bolchevique hicieron crecer día a día el número de partidarios de la necesidad y urgencia de una intervención armada, alentada también por las fuertes presiones ejercidas desde su entorno familiar y social.
Sobrevivir a la pandemia: Manual de resistencia y adaptación de una pequeña escuela privada de danza
Authors: Montemayor Paco
Published: February 2022

Durante el periodo comprendido entre marzo del pasado año y la actualidad, el mundo entero se ha visto obligado a modificar su conducta social debido a la irrupción de la pandemia de la COVID-19. Las limitaciones impuestas, como son la distancia de seguridad, el uso de mascarillas, y la ventilación de los espacios cerrados, han perjudicado al funcionamiento ordinario de la escuela de danza desde dos perspectivas: la metodológica, y la logística. Los profesores y los alumnos han sido objeto de una adaptación impuesta por la realidad de la crisis sanitaria, que han ido asumiendo con una actitud positiva, anteponiendo su deseo de continuidad en el proceso enseñanza/aprendizaje, frente a las ostensibles y novedosas incomodidades sobrevenidas a la expansión del virus. En el presente artículo se pretende analizar la capacidad de resiliencia humana que está permitiendo desarrollar nuevos métodos y estrategias de transmisión y recepción de los conceptos técnicos y artísticos, compatibles con la algo ya manida nueva normalidad.
La política educativa colonial en Cuba y la insurrección de los catedráticos de instituto en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Cañizares Márquez José Antonio
Published: February 2022

En este artículo se presenta un estudio de la política educativa colonial en Cuba durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, deteniendo su atención sobre el protagonismo de los catedráticos de instituto en el proceso independentista. La Constitución de 1837 establecía leyes especiales para las provincias de Ultramar. En la enseñanza, las promesas formales de asimilación con la península jamás se llevaron a la práctica, aunque sí se aplicaron en los demás ramos de la administración. En ese contexto se inició la ruptura con la metrópoli y comenzó a formarse la conciencia nacional cubana. En la etapa de la guerra de los Diez Años (1868-1878) el sesenta y cinco por ciento de los catedráticos de instituto fueron acusados por delitos de infidencia, separados de sus cátedras y algunos ejecutados por colaborar con los insurrectos. También se suprimieron numerosos establecimientos de enseñanza porque, según las autoridades españolas, eran fueros de insurrección donde se fomentaban ideas independentistas. La insurrección de 1868 en Cuba fue interpretada, sobre todo por parte de la élite liberal española, como una guerra civil, pero en realidad fue una revolución burguesa de liberación nacional.
Sexto round: la pandemia de la Covid-19 nos obliga a seguir adaptándonos a la nueva normalidad
Authors: Alarcón Rodríguez Estela
Published: February 2022

Texto introductorio al debate
Entrevista a Enriqueta Chicano, presidenta del Tribunal de Cuentas
Authors: Núñez De Prado Clavell Sara
Published: February 2022

Entrevista de la editora de Studia Humanitatis Journal, Sara Núñez de Prado Clavell, a la Presidenta del Tribunal de Cuentas de España.
POLICY BRIEF- SAFER CITY AUDIT FOR WOMEN
Authors:   University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, Magidimisha-Chipungu HH
Published: February 2022

Urbanization is closely linked with increases in economic and social development. Yet in South African cities, alongside all the growth and advancement taking place, progress is undermined by the dearth of safety, resulting from poor planning, security challenges, poor and/ or lack of infrastructure. Consequently, putting both city’s inhabitants and visitors in danger, and women, in particular, bear the heaviest brunt of unsafe urban spaces. While the post-apartheid South African cities are open to women, there still exists a gap in their safety and experiences within the same cities.
Notes on Some Little Known Arctic Alaskan Mollusks
Authors: Clark Roger
Published: February 2022

Notes on the taxonomy, distribution and natural history of some eastern Chukchi Sea mollusks. Including: validation of the misunderstood Neptunea middendorffiana MacGinitie, 1859, based on its egg cases; discussion of the enigmatic Volutopsius callorhinus Dall, 1877 previously known as Anomalosipho rodgersi (Gould, 1860); the peculiar egg towers of what appears to be Buccinum obsoletum Golikov, 1980; new distribution records for Colus sabini (Gray, 1824), Buccinum beringense Golikov, 1980 and Neoiphinoe echinata Egorav & Alexeyev, 1998; the first record of brooding behavior in Trichotropis bicarinata (Sowerby, 1825); and the identity and validity of Plicifusus johanseni Dall, 1919, and Pseudopolinices nanus (Møller, 1842) a species in need of a new name.
Five New Species of Jaspidiconus Petuch, 2004 (Conilithidae: Conilithinae) from the Caribbean Molluscan Province
Authors: Petuch Edward , Berschauer David , Poremski Andre
Published: February 2022

Five new species of the endemic western Atlantic conilithid genus Jaspidiconus Petuch, 2004 are described from the Caribbean Molluscan Province: Jaspidiconus boriqua n. sp. (endemic to Puerto Rico), Jaspidiconus culebranus n. sp. (endemic to Culebra Island), Jaspidiconus janapatriceae n. sp. (endemic to Grand Cayman Island), Jaspidiconus marcusi n. sp. (endemic to Eleuthera Island, Bahamas), and Jaspidiconus masinoi n. sp. (endemic to the Utila Cays, Honduras). With the addition of these five new taxa, 40 Jaspidiconus species have now been described from the Tropical Western Atlantic Region, with at least 25 others still in need of description.
Checklist of Freshwater Mollusca (Gastropoda and Bivalvia) Recorded from the Buriganga and Turag Rivers, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Baki Mohammad , Hossain Muzammel , Bhouiyan Naser
Published: February 2022

Freshwater mollusks have received little attention from conservation scientists. We collected museum records and conducted an inventory of freshwater mollusks to develop a species checklist for the Buriganga and Turag Rivers. The study area extended from the Posthoghola Bridge (90°26´12'' E and 23°40´25''N), Buriganga River to the Tangi Bridge, Turag River (90°24´29''E and 23°53´59''N). Surveys were conducted every two weeks from December 2012 to November 2013 in both rivers. During the survey period we collected mollusks by hand picking. A total of 17 species belonging to 8 families (Ariophantidae, Viviparidae, Pilidae, Thiaridae, Lymnaeidae, Unionidae, Cyrenidae and Solecurtidae) were identified from both rivers. Among the 17 species, 14 were identified in the Buriganga River and 12 species were found in the Turag River. Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774), Lymnaea luteola (Lamarck 1822) and Macrochlamys sequax (Benson, 1859) were found in the Buriganga River and Bellamya dissimilis (Müller, 1774), Paludomus conica (Gray, 1834) and Novaculina gangetica (Benson, 1853) were found in the Turag River. Muddy, sandy and stony benthic and littoral habitats were observed in both rivers. It is our hope that this study will stimulate additional mollusk research in this area.
Crossata (Gastropoda: Bursidae) in the eastern Pacific: A morphologic and paleontologic perspective
Authors: Powell Charles , Berschauer David
Published: February 2022

An examination of numerous specimens of the bursid genus Crossata, found in museum and private collections, lead us to conclude that C. californica (Hinds, 1843) and C. ventricosa (Broderip, 1833) are separate species, geographically isolated from one another and are morphologically distinct. This differs from the current widely held view that they represent a single, wide ranging and extremely variable species occurring from southern California to Chile. Crossata californica ranges from southern California to Baja California, with an isolated relic population in the Gulfo de California. Crossata ventricosa which appears to be a species complex, ranges from southern Ecuador through Peru, and rarely into northern Chile, although with further study the latter may be found to represent a new species. A new species Crossata barbarajeanae n. sp. is described from specimens previously assigned to C. ventricosa from the vicinity of Bahia de la Independencia, Peru.
A Study on Olive Shells – 3: Juvenile or Adult? Prejudices, Evidence, a New Growth Model and Taxonomic Consequences
Authors: Strano Giorgio
Published: February 2022

The cross-sections of several Oliva mustelina Lamarck, 1811, demonstrate that the presently accepted growth model for Olive shells needs profound revision. In fact, the cross-sections reveal peculiar hidden “rest-structures” which are formed on a yearly basis. The growth curve of O. mustelina can be determined by angular measurements of the rest-structures and statistical methods. The age of any single specimen — above all, if it is a juvenile, a sub-adult or a full adult — can be estimated by this growth curve combined with other external features of the shell. The taxonomic consequences of the new growth model are relevant. Oliva virgata Sterba, 2005, is an example of how a “new species” was named based upon the juveniles of another.
Morphological Characterization of Seedlings of Some Species of the Genus Senna Mill. (Caesalpiniaceae)
Authors: Singh Ajai , Sahu Rishi
Published: February 2022

Results are presented of a study on the morphology of the seedlings of Senna alata (L.) Roxb., S. occidentalis (L.) Link., S. siamea (Lam.) Irwin and Barneby, S. sophera (L.) Roxb. var. purpurea (Roxb. ex Lindl.) Singh, S. sulfurea (DC. ex Collad.) Irwin and Barneby, and S. tora (L.) Roxb. All the studied seedlings are of macaranga type. The most important characters that distinguished the studied seedling taxa from each other are hypocotyl surface, shape of paracotyledon blade, leaf petiole, leaflets (number, shape and apex), and extrafloral glands (present or absent and shape). Among the six studied seedling taxa, five are with tetrafoliate first leaf except Senna sulfurea with bifoliate first leaf. These diagnostic characters presented, permitted an elaboration of key of identification for these species. Line drawings and photographs have also been provided. The variations among studied seedling morphology have been discussed.
Nutrient cycling in Casuarina (Casuarina equisetifolia) based agroforestry system
Authors: Saravanan S. , Buvaneswaran C. , Manivachagam P. , Rajagopal K. , George M.
Published: February 2022

The present report gives an account of the results of research carried out on litter production, accumulation and nutrient return through rainfall, stem flow, throughfall and interception to soil litter fall, under Casuarina-Black Gram Agroforestry Models (age 4 years, density 650 trees/ha). It was found that of the total rainfall (497.9 mm) 1.2% was recorded as stem flow and 80% as throughfall while the interception accounted for 19 %. It is found that on an average annual basis, of the total uptake of various nutrients was retained in the non-photosynthetic biomass and the rest returned to soil. These results show that among the nutrients, maximum annual retention was accounted for potassium while, the minimum for nitrogen. This paper deals the nutrient accumulation in standing crop, nutrient concentration and return, rainfall interception, nutrient concentration in rain wash, nutrient return through rain wash and Nutrient retained, returned and uptake (kg/ha/yr) in Casuarina under Agroforestry System in detail.
Artificial Intelligence in Education as a Mean to Achieve Sustainable Development in Accordance with the Pillars of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030—A Systematic Review
Authors: AlGhamdi Azza Abdullah
Published: February 2022

In this study, we aimed to review scientific studies and research to present a view of artificial intelligence in education to achieve sustainable development in accordance with the foundations of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030. We conducted a systematic review of previous literature by extrapolating and analyzing 17 previous studies published from 2018 to 2020. We found that the application of artificial intelligence has proven effective in improving and developing education, simplifying basic teaching tasks, assisting managers of educational institutions, and contributing to solving problems and challenges faced by the education sector.
Engaging Education About Risks of Opioid Use With Patients Before Elective Surgery of the Lower Extremity Did Not Reduce Postoperative Opioid Utilization: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rhon Daniel I. , Greenlee Tina A. , Mayhew Rachel , Boyer Christopher , Laugesen Mary , Roth Julia , Dowd Thomas C. , Gill Norman W.
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

After elective orthopaedic surgery, many individuals go on to become long-term opioid users. Mitigating this risk has become a priority for surgeons, other members of the medical care team, and healthcare systems. The purpose of this study was to compare opioid utilization after lower extremity orthopaedic surgery between patients who received an interactive video education session highlighting the risks of opioid use and those who did not.

Methods:

Patients undergoing elective surgery of the lower extremity in the orthopaedic clinic at the Brooke Army Medical Center between July 2015 and February 2017 were recruited at their preoperative appointment and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive a one-time interactive opioid education session or usual care education. Unique days' supply of opioids and unique prescriptions were compared using a generalized linear model. Individuals were also grouped by whether they had become long-term opioid users after surgery, and frequencies within each intervention group were compared.

Results:

There were 120 patients, 60 randomized to each group and followed for 1 year. There were no significant differences between opioid days' supply (mean diff = 8.33, 95% confidence interval −4.21 to 20.87) and unique prescriptions after surgery (mean diff = 0.45, 95% confidence interval −0.25 to 1.15). Most participants did not have any opioids past the initial 30 days after surgery, regardless of intervention (n = 77), and only three became long-term opioid users (one in usual care and two in interactive education). Sixteen in usual education and 18 in enhanced education filled at least one prescription in 6 months or later after the surgical procedure.

Conclusion:

Opioid use beyond 30 days of surgery was no different for participants who received enhanced education compared with usual education. Few became long-term opioid users after surgery (2.5%), although 28.3% were still filling opioid prescriptions 6 months after surgery.
Understanding The Diagnosis And Treatment of Conjunctival Capiler Hemangioma
Authors: Ananda Audia Arsiazi Baiq
Published: February 2022

Conjunctival hemangiomas are rare tumors that present at birth with reddish lesions that can grow in size over the next few months and spontaneously involute by 4-5 years of age. Symptoms of this tumor can be asymptomatic or can also cause visual disturbances if it has grown to be large. Capillary hemangiomas are more common in women and in premature or low birth weight infants. Both are associated with cardiorespiratory and hematological disorders. This tumor rarely attacks the age of over 60 years, but is more common in newborns. The diagnosis of hemangioma in addition to clinical symptoms, can also be established by supporting examinations. Treatment or management of these tumors depends on the presumptive diagnosis, size, growth, extent of the lesion, and the nature of the tumor.
Testing of Andaliman Extract (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium Dc) With 4 Types of Solutions (Ethyl Acetate, Aquades, Methanol, And Hexane) on Growth of Bacteria Escherichia Coli
Authors: Muzafri Al , Karno Ria
Published: February 2022

In general, this study aims to see whether Andaliman extract is able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli microorganisms. the first step in this research is the extraction of Andaliman with 4 types of solvents (equates solvents, methanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane). In the second stage, phytochemical tests were carried out on the andaliman extract to see the content of the active compounds in the andaliman extract, in the andaliman extract the active compounds were found to be alkaloids, steroids, and free-form triterpenes, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and glycosides. The third stage of this study was the zone activity test. inhibit andaliman extract on Escherichia Coli assay on bay leaf extract using blank disc paper. The extract solution that has been diluted with a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, Andaliman extract with an ethyl-acetate solvent with a concentration of 100% has the greatest inhibition on the growth of Escherichia coli with dimensions of 19.15 mm, while the has the smallest inhibition of hexane solvent with a concentration of 25% at 5.80 mm.
Critical Solution to Power Grid Problems Using Smart Grid –A Case Study on Karnataka Power Transmission Control Limited (KPTCL)
Authors: K Vikranth
Published: February 2022

Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation Limited (KPTCL) is a power distribution and transportation company in Karnataka state established in the year of 1999 under the company act 1956. Now it is one of the big government sector company owned by government of Karnataka with 1000 cores of share capital. Karnataka Electric Board (KEB) is the parent body of KPTCL, until 2002 KEB did all the functions such as distribution and transmission of electric power throughout the state. After that it was divided in to distribution and Transmission Company called KPTCL and power generating company known as Karnataka Power Corporation Limited (KPCL). The ultimate goal of KPTCL is to provide uninterrupted power supply to all customers in state of Karnataka with minimum distribution and transmission cost and lowest unit price. KPTCL purchases power from KPCL for fixed rate under the Karnataka regulation act. KPCL contains several power generation projects which include different types such as hydraulic power, thermal power, wind power, etc. KPTCL also purchases power from power stations such as National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) and Atomic power stations like Kalpakkam and Kaiga which is owned by central government. Power generation is not a big deal for any state government but real challenge is to transmission of uninterrupted power and distribution of power to different parts of the state using power grid. So there should be proper data analysis in the entire grid and all transmission station throughout the state in order to identify the loop holes, actual capacity, requirement, request from consumers, and also to identify any damages. The ultimate solution for all this is introduction of smart grid concept in power grid. In this paper I reviewed about operational and technical structure of the KPTCL and factors to be considered while performing data analytics in power grid and adoption of smart grid concept over traditional grid using SCADA technology to perform data analytics and finally listed out some improvements in overall functioning of KPTCL after implementation of smart grid.
Development of gender equality in English medieval society fixed in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
Authors:   Galway Chronicle, O’Néill Rosamond Eileen
Published: February 2022

In the work, the author studies the ideological use of Celtic symbolism in the chivalric poem "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight" to depict the gender equality. It is demonstrated that "Sir Gawain" can be considered not only a novel, but a social work coining gender equality in medieval society. In "Sir Gawain" different signs play an important role, form the reader's attitude to the idea of gender equality. They also build a certain Christian ideological view of the world, communicate the religious maxims and ideological attitudes, within which the equality narration is built.
Ideology in Favour of Russian Orthodox Church in Russian Film The Priest
Authors:   Forbes, van der Berg Catharijne
Published: February 2022

Modern Russian film director Vladimir Khotinenko created complex ideological parable in his movie “Pop” (“The Priest”, 2009). He rethought history of Pskov Orthodox mission during World War II in a highly ideological way. He introduced an imagined character, Russian Orthodox priest Father Alexander Ionin whose prototype is Father Alexiy Ionov, a real member of Pskov Orthodox mission. Despite the similarity of their names, there is no real likeness between the historical man and protagonist of the movie. Vladimir Khotinenko rewrote the life story of the clergyman so that is could fit the two major ideological narratives of the movie: the story about pro-Soviet patriotism of Russian Orthodox Church clergy during WWII and the story about ancient Russian sanctity based on the archetype of Holy Rus.
Covid-19 Outbreak Role in the Development of Societies: Questions and Inconsistencies
Authors:   Austrian Biotech University of Applied Sciences (Tulln), VanMeter Karin C. ,   niversity of Applied Sciences Upper Austria (Hagenberg), Bhakdi Sucharit ,   Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gerilovych Antony P. ,   Institute for Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine
Published: February 2022

This Letter is composed from answers to the certain questions on COVID-19 role in the development of societies, posed by an Editor. Three scientists pay attention to the epidemiological dimension of the development of global society that came into closest contact with what we call “nature,” as well as to the role of “natural” factors in reconsidering the societies by the political elites.
Moral and Ideological Consequences of Pandemic
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Donskikh Oleg A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University
Published: February 2022

The pandemic influenced various aspects of social reality and made our future rather uncertain. The specificity of any epidemic is dissimilar with such national troubles as a war or natural disaster, because a disease does not unite people, but separates them. This is typical for the pandemics of the past that occurred repeatedly in human history, starting with the Athenian epidemic of 430 BC. A paradoxical situation arises now, during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. On the one hand, all citizens may be actually or potentially under control approved and legalised by the new ideology of “protection.” On the other hand, the essence of social control and means of administration change significantly, as the management itself begins to be administered by PC software. This software is not fully controlled by the political elites and governments. In these strange ideologically-determined conditions, the nature of moral, political and social responsibility is changing and there is a redistribution of rights and obligations. By degrees, moral and interpersonal relationships in a community give way to relationships that are completely determined and regulated from without the community.
The Effect of Hypnobreastfeeding Technique on the Production of Breast Milk in Postpartum Mothers in Independent Practice Midwives
Authors: Rangkuti Nur Aliyah , Batubara Novita Sari , Siregar Rya Anastasya , Suryani Elvi , Siregar Ratna Dewi , Harahap Maryam Latifah
Published: February 2022

Breastfeeding is influenced by several factors, including breast milk does not come out immediately after giving birth, the baby's difficulty in sucking, the condition of the mother's nipples being unsupported, the mother working, and the influence/promotion of breast milk substitutes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the hypnobreastfeeding technique on breast milk production in postpartum mothers at BPM Atikah, Panyabungan District. The research design is an analytic experimental pre-experimental type with a pretest-post test one group design approach. all postpartum mothers < 24 hours at BPM Atikah as many as 25 postpartum mothers, the sampling technique was total sampling. The results of the research on breast milk production before the hypnobreastfeeding technique was carried out in postpartum mothers were mostly less than 7-123 ml as many as 12 (48%) and after hypnobreastfeeding in postpartum mothers at BPM Atikah mostly good > 7-123 ml as many as 12 (48%). There is an effect of hypnobreastfeeding technique on milk production with a p value of 0.001 < 0.05. Postpartum mothers should increase their knowledge and experience in an effort to increase breast milk production so that mothers can give breast milk optimally.
MENYELAMI KISAH RAMAYANA MELALUI WISATA VIRTUAL
Authors: Farag As'ad , Triyana Candra Sari
Published: February 2022

Kisah muasal Candi Prambanan menjadi cerita rakyat yang popular di Indonesia. Kisah percintaan Rama dan Cinta bahkan sering diteaterkan di beberapa kesempatan. Hal yang sama juga dituturkan pemandu wisata virtual kali ini. Uniknya, sang penutur mengungkapkan cerita yang berbeda dari yang diketahui kebanyakan orang. Sembari menunjukkan beberapa spot-spot indah dari Candi Prambanan melalui gambar dan video. Komunikasi 2 arah yang dibangun pemandu sejak awal perjalanan membangkitkan semangat wisata seperti ketika menjalani wisata sungguhan.
PROGRAM SOSIAL BANK INDONESIA: PELATIHAN PENGEMBANGAN DESTINASI WISATA DI PULAU MARATUA DAN PULAU DERAWAN, KABUPATEN BERAU, KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Adriani Yani , Rugarmika Rikeu , Raksapati Abadi
Published: February 2022

Pusat Perencanaan dan Pengembangan Kepariwisataan (P-P2Par) ITB pada pertengahan tahun 2020 menyelenggarakan Program Sosial Bank Indonesia (PSBI)-Kantor Perwakilan Bank Indonesia di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Program sosial ini berlangsung selama tiga tahun (2020-2022) di Kabupaten Berau.

Kedua rangkaian kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menunjang pengembangan kepariwisataan berskala nasional dan internasional di Pulau Derawan dan Maratua
Cotton fiber quality affected by water availability and silicon application
Authors: Nocchi Raiana  Crepaldi  de  Faria , Wenneck Gustavo  Soares , Rezende Roberto , Furlani Junior Enes , Vila Vinícius Villa e , Vieira Noemi Cristina de Souza , Paixão Amanda Pereira , Saath Reni
Published: February 2022

The quality of cotton fiber is a fundamental criterion for determining the commercial value of the product, being influenced by the conditions of cultivation. The study aimed to evaluate irrigated and non-irrigated cultivation systems and the management of silicon fertilization on cotton fiber characteristics. The experiment was carried out in the field in Selvíria-MS, in the 2017/2018 agricultural crop. It was adopted a randomized block design, in a 2x6 factorial scheme, with two cultivationconditions (irrigated and rainfed) and six doses of Si (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 400 g ha-1), with four replications. Seeds of the genotype TMG 11 WS were used. Irrigation was carried out with sprinklers spaced at 6x6 m. The application of Si via leaf was carried out at 50 and 70 days after emergence. From thecotton fiber, the characteristics of length, micronaire, strength, uniformity, elongation, reflectance, yellowing, degree of leaves, impurity and impurity particles were analyzed. The data submitted to analysis of variance by the F test, the means compared for the cultivation condition, and regression analysis for the amount of Si. The cotton fiber in irrigated cultivation showed improvement in the characteristics resistance, reflectance and yellowing.The application of Si via leaf reduced the leaf grade in the cotton fibers.
Perspectivas teóricas predominantes en la aproximación de China a las RI como disciplina: entre la autonomía y la integración
Authors: Monge Aristegui Carlos
Published: February 2022

El ascenso de la República Popular China (RPCh) en el sistema internacional tieneefectos y consecuencias en todas las áreas de estudio, incluidas las RelacionesInternacionales (RI) como disciplina. Tras un inicial período de aislamiento, luegode la Revolución liderada por Mao Zedong, en 1949, el proceso de Reforma yApertura, conducido por Deng Xiaoping, a partir de 1978, hizo que la academiachina volviera a reconectarse con un campo de estudios dominado por marcosteóricos procedentes del mundo anglosajón. Esta reaproximación supuso quelos especialistas chinos vivieran una etapa de absorción acrítica de esos conocimientos,catalogada como de “aprendizaje y copia”, en la que se incorporaronlos mismos debates que se han dado en Occidente, sin mayores cuestionamientos.Sin embargo, en la segunda mitad de los 1980, surgen voces que plantean lanecesidad de una perspectiva china en el abordaje de estos asuntos. Se genera,así, una literatura propia en torno a esta temática, y ya en los 2000 aparecen y seconsolidan dos miradas integrativas: las de Yan Xuetong y Qin Yaqing, quienesproponen, con distintas énfasis e intenciones, vincular la Teoría occidental deRI con el pensamiento clásico chino. Otro autor, Zhao Tingyang, reivindica laTianxia (Todo lo que hay bajo el Cielo), cosmovisión de la era pre-Qin (2100a 221 a. C.), como una alternativa posible frente al paradigma westfaliano. Elsiguiente trabajo analiza este fenómeno, así como los nuevos enfoques epistemológicosque implica asumir este desafío.
A “máquina do mundo” e a filosofia do absurdo: Drummond, leitor de Albert Camus
Authors: Almeida Cleber Ranieri Ribas de
Published: February 2022

O artigo tenta provar que o poema “A Máquina do Mundo”, de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, foi parcialmente escrito a partir da reutilização de diversas metáforas, imagens e conceitos extraídos do livro O Mito de Sísifo, de Albert Camus. No intuito de demonstrar esta hipótese destacamos alguns excertos do livro de Camus e os cotejamos com metáforas e imagens análogas encontradas em “A Máquina do Mundo”. A conclusão a que chegamos é que Drummond reelaborou metaforicamente a filosofia do sentimento do absurdo em várias passagens do poema. Tal reelaboração intertextual, poética e metafórica se dera como uma resposta negativa e antitética à visão epifânica e cristã da criação universal descrita poeticamente por Jorge de Lima no Livro de Sonetos.
Primeiras impressões contextuais das duas réguas para cálculo de William Oughtred (1574-1660) na interface entre História e ensino de Matemática
Authors: Lima Amanda Cardoso Benicio de , Soares Kawoana da Costa , Alves Verusca Batista , Pereira Ana Carolina Costa
Published: February 2022

Estudos relacionados à história da matemática, em particular, os que estão direcionados aos conceitos matemáticos, podem contribuir para a desmistificação cultural disciplinar de uma ciência de difícil acesso. Dentre os expostos que possuem uma visão no qual os recursos advindos da história podem potencializar o ensino de matemática, encontramos os que utilizam os instrumentos matemáticos. Dessa forma, esse artigo é uma primeira impressão dos aspectos contextuais das duas réguas para cálculo de William Oughtred (1574-1660) encontrado em The Declaration of The Two Rules for Calculations. Para isso procuramos utilizar uma metodologia qualitativa de caráter documental, visto que iremos, a partir do texto de 1639, em inglês, apresentar características das duas réguas para cálculo direcionando aos aspectos de sua descrição. Desde já, percebemos que a construção desse instrumento requer o conhecimento de elementos epistemológicos atrelados aos conceitos de seno e logaritmos do período, que partindo dos conhecimentos adquiridos a partir da interpretação do documento The Declaration of The Two Rules for Calculations, de William Oughtred (1574-1660), buscamos conhecer as possibilidades relacionadas as questões da Educação Matemática.
Nomenclatura numérica dos canoeiros do Juruena: contagem Rikbaktsa pelos dedos das mãos
Authors: Mattos José Roberto Linhares de , Polegatti Geraldo Aparecido
Published: February 2022

Na maioria das culturas indígenas, a contagem está associada aos dedos das mãos e às vezes, também, aos dedos dos pés para o cômputo de quantidades maiores que dez. Entretanto, as culturas indígenas têm diferenças na forma de associar a quantidade contada com a quantidade de dedos utilizados. Essas diferenças ficam mais visíveis ao analisarmos o nome que cada etnia utiliza, em sua língua materna, para descrever a quantidade computada. Nesta pesquisa, à luz da Etnomatemática, foi analisada a nomenclatura no processo de contagem do povo Rikbaktsa para se compreender o seu raciocínio lógico na forma de identificar quantidades de animais caçados, de peixes pescados, de artefatos, bem como a quantidade deles próprios. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo etnográfico, em que os instrumentos metodológicos utilizados foram observação participante, entrevistas, rodas de conversa e consulta bibliográfica. Os resultados encontrados apontam para um saber/fazer etnomatemático próprio que deve ser explorado nas aulas da disciplina Matemática na Educação Escolar Indígena Rikbaktsa