bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intermittent events due to spectral filtering induced multi-pulsing instability in a mode-locked fiber laser
Authors: Dutta Gupta Bhaswar , Das Chowdhury Sourav , Dhirhe Devnath , Pal Mrinmay
Published: June 2020

In this paper, numerical simulations of an all-normal dispersion ring cavity mode-locked fiber laser have been reported, revealing the existence of rogue waves in the chaotic transition regime between a stable single-pulse state and a multi-pulse state. The chaotic states manifest as a result of multi-pulsing instability induced by the intra-cavity spectral filtering effect and were studied by gradually decreasing the filter bandwidth from a stable or quasi-stable state to a stable multi-pulsing state. For a specific set of cavity parameters and a range of Gaussian-shaped filter bandwidths, stable dissipative solitons characterized by a cat-ear-shaped spectrum were obtained. Reducing the filter bandwidth below the stable range first produced non-stationary quasi-stable states containing multiple soliton explosions and then eventually a stable multi-pulsing state with individual dissipative solitons. The histograms of spectral intensities in the quasi-stable states exhibited long-tailed distributions containing rogue waves. Rogue waves were also observed during the build-up of the dissipative soliton from white Gaussian noise even though the pulse finally evolved to a stable state. By modifying the cavity parameters, noise-like pulses (NLPs) were obtained which are by nature a quasi-stable state and exhibited rogue waves in the spectral intensity histogram. In the NLP state of operation, the reduction of filter bandwidth below a certain range produced multiple dissipative solitons with stable waveform. Additionally, the influence of different filter shapes on the state transition dynamics was also explored. It was found that the range of filter bandwidths for which chaotic states exist varies for different filter shapes depending on their spectral confinement.
Femtosecond laser machining of hollow-core negative curvature fibres
Authors: Novo Catarina C. , Choudhury Debaditya , Siwicki Bartlomiej , Thomson Robert R. , Shephard Jonathan D.
Published: June 2020

Hollow core negative curvature fibres (NCFs) are a relatively new class of microstructured optical fibre with potential applications in areas such as the delivery of high power laser light and gas sensing. For sensing, it is necessary for the measurand to interact with the guided mode. To facilitate this, a novel femtosecond laser-based machining protocol has been developed that allows the precision sculpting of access slots into the NCF core along the length of the fibre. The process is a direct-write process using a digitally defined scanning strategy with no need for physical masks or additional processing such as wet etchants and/or focussed ion beam machining. Due to the inherent flexibility of the machining strategy and the high level of control over the depth of material removal, it is likely that this new technique will be transferable to a wide range of microstructured fibres.
550 W single frequency fiber amplifiers emitting at 1030 nm based on a tapered Yb-doped fiber
Authors: Lai Wenchang , Ma Pengfei , Liu Wei , Huang Long , Li Can , Ma Yanxing , Zhou Pu
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we report a high power single frequency 1030 nm fiber laser with near-diffraction-limited beam quality based on a polarization-maintaining tapered Yb-doped fiber (T-YDF). The T-YDF has advantages of effectively suppressing stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) while maintaining good beam quality. As a result, a record output power of 379 W single frequency, linearly polarized, nearly single-mode fiber amplifier operating at 1030 nm is demonstrated. The polarization extinction ratio is as high as 16.3 dB, and the M2 is measured to be 1.12. Further, the dependence of the thermal-induced mode instability (TMI) threshold on the polarization state of an input signal laser is investigated for the first time. By changing the polarization state of the injected seed laser, the output power can increase to 550 W while the beam quality can be maintained well (M2=1.47). The slope efficiency of the whole amplifier is about 80%. No sign of SBS appears even at the highest output power and the further brightness scaling of both situations is limited by the TMI effect. To the best of our knowledge, this result is the highest output power of all-fiberized single frequency fiber amplifiers.
Anisotropic thermal analyses of a high efficiency Tm:YAP slab laser and its intra-cavity pumping for Ho lasers
Authors: Huang Haizhou , Hu Huawen , Lin Zixiong , Deng Jing , Huang Jianhong , Zheng Hui , Li Jinhui , Lin Wenxiong
Published: June 2020

We evaluate the thermal effects of a c-cut Tm:YAP slab laser by considering the anisotropic properties of the biaxial YAP crystal. Significant improvements in thermal stress were demonstrated by selecting the crystallographic a-axis, which possesses higher thermal conductivity and thermal expansion, as the direction of the slab thickness. A maximum laser power of 30 W (E//a) at 2 µm was obtained under an incident LD power of 55 W with an optical conversion efficiency of 55.4% and slope efficiency of 61.8% using the a-slab. The slab laser was then used for realizing compact Ho lasers via intra-cavity pumping, resulting in a 0.8 W Ho:YAG laser and a 5.5 W Ho:YAP laser (E//b) at 2.12 µm and 2.13 µm, respectively.
Plasmon-phonon coupling between mid-infrared chiral metasurfaces and molecular vibrations
Authors: Mahmud Md Shamim , Rosenmann Daniel , Czaplewski David A. , Gao Jie , Yang Xiaodong
Published: June 2020

Plasmon-phonon coupling between metamaterials and molecular vibrations provides a new path for studying mid-infrared light-matter interactions and molecular detection. So far, the coupling between the plasmonic resonances of metamaterials and the phonon vibrational modes of molecules has been realized under linearly polarized light. Here, mid-infrared chiral plasmonic metasurfaces with high circular dichroism (CD) in absorption over 0.65 in the frequency range of 50 to 60 THz are demonstrated to strongly interact with the phonon vibrational resonance of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) molecules at 52 THz, under both left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized (LCP and RCP) light. The mode splitting features in the absorption spectra of the coupled metasurface-PMMA systems under both circular polarizations are studied in PMMA layers with different thicknesses. The relation between the mode splitting gap and the PMMA thickness is also revealed. The demonstrated results can be applied in areas of chiral molecular sensing, thermal emission, and thermal energy harvesting.
Suitable state bases for nonlinear optical mode conversion protocols
Authors: Pires D. G. , Rocha J. C. A. , Jesus-Silva A. J. , Fonseca E. J. S.
Published: June 2020

By considering parity-defined Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) and Hermite–Gaussian (HG) beams as input modes, we present arguments through experimental and theoretical results in order to affirm that using HG modes as bases is more suitable for optical mode conversion than using LG modes. By analyzing the normalized overlap integral and the generated modes, we determine a clear rule for the dominant mode for nonlinear mixing of HG beams, while the same is not possible for LG beams. In addition, examples of optical modal conversion using both HG and LG modes as input beams are demonstrated.
Strain sensitivity enhancement based on periodic deformation in hollow core fiber
Authors: Zheng Yu , Shum Perry Ping , Liu Shuhui , Li Baocheng , Auguste Jean-Louis , Humbert Georges , Luo Yu
Published: June 2020

Recent progress in optical fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) has gained many achievements in sensing application. However, the strain sensitivity of optical fiber MZIs is low due to the low elasto-optical coefficient of silica. In this Letter, we propose and demonstrate a method to modulate the guided modes in an MZI based on a special hollow core microstructured optical fiber (HCMOF) by fabricating periodical deformations. Specifically, periodical deformations reduce the extinction ratio of the transmission spectrum. Furthermore, the axial tension modulates these periodical deformations, leading to the enhanced strain sensitivity in comparison to the configuration without deformations. In our experiment, the strain response from 0 to

1000

µ
ε

is obtained with a sensitivity of

0.00359

d
B

/

µ
ε

corresponding to an improvement of 13 times compared with a sensor based on same HCMOF without deformations.
Single-pixel spiral phase contrast imaging
Authors: Liu Yifan , Yu Panpan , Hu Xinyao , Wang Ziqiang , Li Yinmei , Gong Lei
Published: June 2020

In this Letter, we present single-pixel spiral phase contrast imaging that enables optical edge detection of both amplitude and phase objects. This technique utilizes single-pixel detection to directly acquire the Fourier spectrum of the edge-enhanced object by scanning spiral phase-encoded plane waves in

k

-space. Experimentally, we exploit a digital micromirror device to simultaneously generate the plane wave and reference field for illuminating the object and scan the plane wave for spectrum sampling. During the process, four-step phase-shifting is adopted, and synchronized intensity measurements are made with a single-pixel detector. Applying an inverse Fourier transform to the obtained spectrum directly yields the edge information of objects. As a demonstration, digital and real objects are imaged, and results verify that isotropic edge detection can be achieved with our technique for both amplitude and phase objects.
Propuesta didáctica para desarrollar competencias cosmopolitas críticas y destrezas en el pensamiento histórico a partir de la metodología situación-problema
Authors: García Leiva Ernesto
Published: June 2020

Este ensayo reflexiona sobre el sentido de la disciplina de la historia en el mundo posmoderno y sobre sus posibilidades pedagógicas en el entorno educativo, de manera que a lo largo de este artículo indagamos en la renovación de la actividad docente dentro de la asignatura de Historia. Para ello diseñamos una propuesta didáctica que se fundamenta en la didáctica crítica y en el aprendizaje participativo por lo que implementamos la metodología situación-problema. Esta propuesta pretende fomentar habilidades hermenéuticas en el análisis de las fuentes y de las representaciones para abordar los hechos del pasado. En base a ello desarrollamos el pensamiento histórico y las competencias cosmopolitas críticas en el alumnado. Ensayamos nuestra propuesta didáctica en un curso de 4 de ESO, dentro del sistema educativo español, para posteriormente valorar sus resultados.
Educación en instituciones carcelarias: contextos socialmente sensibles para la enseñanza de la Historia
Authors: Fonte Leonardo
Published: June 2020

Desde el año 2006, bajo el marco normativo de la Ley de Educación Nacional No 26.206, en Argentina se incorporó la educación de personas privadas de su libertad como una modalidad del sistema educativo formal. Frente a ello, el novedoso escenario en el que se comenzaron a desarrollar estas prácticas educativas, conllevó a la imperiosa necesidad de construir marcos teóricos, para una mayor y más profunda comprensión de las problemáticas que se plantean en estos espacios. En el marco de lo hasta aquí enunciado, el presente trabajo tiene como objeto analizar de qué forma las particularidades propias de los contextos de encierro, permiten comprender las dificultades que evidencian estos alumnos al momento de estudiar Historia. Para ello, se tomará como punto de partida el análisis de las prácticas educativas institucionalizadas desarrolladas en el Centro Educativo de Nivel Secundario No 460. Esta institución escolar, que inició sus actividades en el año 2011, se encuentra situada en el Complejo Penitenciario Conurbano Bonaerense Norte, y su funcionamiento depende de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. De tal forma, si bien este espacio educativo refiere a un caso único y particular, su análisis permite identificar claves, signos y síntomas generales referidos al funcionamiento de las instituciones educativas en contexto de encierro en general.
The Role of Perceived Quality of Problems in the Association Between Achievement Goals and Motivation in Problem-based Learning
Authors: Noordzij Gera , Wijnia Lisette
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of perceived problem quality in the relationship between students’ (N = 226) achievement goals and autonomous motivation to study in a problem-based learning (PBL) environment. Specifically, the relationships between students’ achievement goals (mastery-approach, performance-approach, performance-avoidance, and mastery-avoidance goals), problem quality-related characteristics (triggering interest, familiarity, stimulating collaborative learning, resulting in intended learning objectives, and promoting critical reasoning) and autonomous motivation to study were investigated. The findings indicate that the perceived quality of problems (i.e., familiarity, resulting in intended learning objectives, promoting critical reasoning, and by that triggering interest) fosters autonomous motivation to study and that the perception of this quality is influenced by students’ achievement goals. Therefore, the quality of problems and students’ achievement goals should be taken into account in a PBL environment.
“I Have Never Had A PBL Like This Before”
Authors: Gomoll Andrea S. , Hillenburg Becky , Hmelo-Silver Cindy E.
Published: June 2020

Video and co-design can be powerful tools to enrich problem-based learning experiences. We explore how a teacher and researcher engaged in co-design of a PBL experience focused on human-centered robotics as well as the resulting design. They explored the question “How can we design a robot that serves a need in our local community?” We highlight three aspects of the most recent iteration of our PBL curriculum that we have identified as central to its success. These three elements include: 1) co-design experiences that occurred before and during unit implementation, 2) the use of shared video viewing and analysis both in co-design and with student groups in the classroom, and 3) the bringing of local stakeholders into the classroom to work closely with students. These three aspects of our curriculum are positioned here as takeaways for researchers and educators working to design, implement, and study PBL.

Acknowledgments: This research was supported by the National Science Foundation through ITEST grant #1433414. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this report are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the official views, opinions, or policy of the National Science Foundation. A special thanks to Dr. Selma Šabanovic, principal investigator, and Dr. Matt Francisco for their contributions to this work.
Probabilistic reduction in relation to social message predictability
Authors: Hashimoto Daiki
Published: June 2020

Language is a system of message transmission, which conveys a variety of messages including both lexical messages and social messages. It has been demonstrated that lexical messages are realized with phonetically reduced signals, when they are contextually predictable. For example, a word may be produced with shorter duration, when it is more predictable given a context such as a preceding word and a following word. This message-oriented reduction can be encapsulated by positing that a speaker is required to balance two biases: a bias for maximizing the accuracy of message transmission and a bias for maximizing the efficiency of message transmission. This raises a question: Does a speaker balance the two biases in relation to social messages? The aim of this study is to address this question, and advance our understanding of the message-oriented probabilistic reduction. We will explore the social-message-predictability effects by examining the phonetic redundancy in a variant in New Zealand English loanword phonology, a tap sound [ɾ]. It is demonstrated that the duration of this rhotic variant is affected by the social message predictability given a loanword.
Design Criteria and Solutions to Common Issues in Building Envelope Design
Authors: Rizor Adam L. , Corn Aaron
Published: June 2020

As third-party consultants, we retain a unique perspective through participation in the design, construction, assessment, and forensic analysis of building envelopes. Our familiarity with the building envelope has shown us that the performance and life span of a building is remarkably dependent on the quality of its design—not only in the selection of materials and systems but also in the quality of their detailing. Considering modern architectural building design, building envelope systems are now relied upon heavily in ways beyond their basic function as environmental control layers. High-risk areas such as elaborately designed green roofs raise the stakes yet further and threaten the integrity of the building envelope when function follows second to aesthetics. A few small decisions in how building envelope systems are implemented can mean the difference between a successful or failing design, and the difference may not be immediately obvious to the untrained eye. Cost is another factor, and often a limitation, guiding the design of facade, roofing, and waterproofing systems. Special attention also needs to be given to cost- or value-oriented decision-making in building envelope design. Having the correct knowledge and tools to design building envelope systems can offer protection against costly mistakes and provide balance between function and architectural appeal. By providing general design criteria and solutions to commonly observed issues, our objective is to afford others a better opportunity to identify potential issues and, ultimately, avoid problems that develop during the service life of a building.
Two Agencies, BECx, and Design-Build: Challenges and Opportunities for BECx with Multiagency Involvement and Design-Build Project Delivery
Authors: DelGiudice Andrea
Published: June 2020

Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) is not a new concept, and many documents, standards, and codes reference or attempt to define it. References to and discussion of BECx can be found in myriad documents, from codes such as the International Green Building Code (IgCC) and California Title 24 to voluntary standards such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) v4. The process is discussed in detail in the National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS), Guideline 3, and referenced in ASHRAE 202 (ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202-2013, Commissioning Process for Buildings and Systems). It is used on a wide variety of projects both private and public, and various entities also have their own requirements or approaches to BECx. Further, the process is intended to be possible regardless of project or owner type or project delivery method. However, the applicability, efficiency, and even viability of BECx for a design-build project is frequently questioned and challenges to effective BECx in design-build are cited. Further challenges can be raised when multiple BECx requirements come into play or where there are multiple entities, such as multiple government agencies, involved in the project. This paper will discuss the challenges as well as the benefits of implementing BECx on a design-build project for the federal government with multiagency involvement, specifically through the lens of two projects developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) for a federal agency using the ASTM E2813, Standard Practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning, enhanced process.
Integrating Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Condensation Risk Assessments: Using Project Specific Analyses to Better Inform the Design of Buildings
Authors: Moussawi Ali , Bondi Scott N.
Published: June 2020

The risk of condensation on the interior of building enclosure systems can be an important driver in the design and selection of both building enclosure and mechanical systems. Condensation risk is an especially important performance metric in sensitive spaces and humidified spaces, such as museums and healthcare facilities, where uncontrolled interior moisture has significant consequences. Traditional analyses of condensation risk use thermal modeling to predict the onset of condensation. Fenestration assemblies often have the lowest thermal performance, and thus the analyses of these systems are the most important for making informed decisions. Fenestration products typically are analyzed for their thermal performance through existing standards developed by the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) and using tools such as finite element analysis (FEA) to estimate detailed performance of complex assemblies. These methods use fixed environmental conditions to enable a comparative analysis of different products and systems. However, these environmental conditions do not necessarily correlate to the air movements and localized temperatures near the fenestration for a specific project condition for which the mechanical systems were designed, and therefore may not accurately predict condensation risk. This leaves designers with an unclear understanding of how the actual space will perform. This paper will discuss the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses to more closely estimate the conditions inside a space relative to the current standards. The paper will also describe how the results of CFD models can be used as inputs for the thermal analyses typically used to predict the onset of condensation on fenestration systems. A case study will be presented to describe the approach to modeling both the enclosure and mechanical systems. It will further discuss how these studies can be correlated to statistics for weather events to provide owners and designers with better information to make more informed design decisions.
Air Barrier Performance and Life Cycle from Inception to Installation
Authors: Meyer Benjamin , Spinu Maria , Cassin Elizabeth
Published: June 2020

An air barrier system is the combination of interconnected materials, assemblies, sealed joints, and components of the building enclosure that control airflow between conditioned and unconditioned spaces or between spaces that are conditioned differently. For it to perform its intended function to control airflow across the building enclosure, the air barrier must be air impermeable, must be continuous, must maintain structural integrity, and must be durable in its installed and long-term application. When these performance requirements are met, a continuous air barrier will provide energy savings, comfort for the building occupants, durability, and a reduced environmental footprint. The first portion of this paper will describe the air barrier’s environmental benefits by comparing the “environmental cost” of an air barrier system throughout its life cycle assessment (LCA) with the “environmental benefits” due to building envelope airtightness during the building use phase (estimated through whole building energy simulations). The analysis of two air barrier systems shows that the environmental payback period is between a few months to a year and that the energy saved through airtightness over the operational phase of the building amounts to significant energy and CO2 emission credits. The second portion of this paper will discuss design- and construction-related items that are critical to air barrier and, ultimately, to whole building performance. Since the interface between the air barrier materials and adjacent systems (e.g., roofing, fenestration, waterproofing, penetrations, etc.) is oftentimes where whole building performance is most influenced, the designer must clearly illustrate the continuity of the air barrier across all interfaces, transitions, and penetrations. Examples of such details will be discussed.
Moisture Reduction Strategies for Building Envelopes
Authors: Vorley Wade L. , Drown Lauran
Published: June 2020

Building envelope standards and practices have evolved over the past few decades in response to increased energy efficiency goals and a better understanding of building science. New materials, systems, and detailing methods help to reduce thermal bridging and to reduce air leakage through building envelopes. A building envelope assembly that is properly designed, detailed, and installed to today’s standards typically will perform as expected, reduce energy usage, and provide a durable and long-lasting assembly. However, these technologies are not a panacea for deficiencies in the construction process, deferred maintenance, or unforeseen occupant uses and alterations. The sheer multitude of components involved in today’s building envelopes and the airtightness of the assemblies themselves can lead to vulnerabilities exacerbated by any of these factors. Having investigated many building envelope failures, we have found that air barrier, roofing, and waterproofing perfection is challenging to achieve. The goal of this paper is to outline strategies to reduce or evacuate moisture from building envelopes without extensive replacement of components or systems. This paper presents case studies of existing buildings equipped with moisture-monitoring data loggers to evaluate initial conditions and verify moisture reduction over time. The data loggers collected readings at 5-min. intervals for temperature, relative humidity, and moisture content and have been in place for more than six years in some buildings. The primary moisture reduction strategies employed in these studies include added thermal protection, modification of heating systems, the introduction of active air movement, and ventilation of the roof assembly. The success of these strategies is verified with empirical data.
Unintended Consequences: A Review of Critical Details, Serviceability, and Durability of Modern High-Performance Facades
Authors: Keegan Jennifer , Ridgway Matthew
Published: June 2020

The design of modern high-performance facades for the construction industry’s largest and most significant projects often involves the use of prefabrication, modern glazing, or curtain wall technologies (or combinations thereof). As a means of quality assurance and control, we depend on familiar tools: applicable codes and industry standards, specified performance requirements, Building Enclosure Commissioning, best practices, warranties, performance mock-ups, performance verification testing, and field inspection. Yet even systems designed with the highest level of detail and the most rigorous quality assurance/quality control programs may still be undermined by piecemeal value management, shortcomings in coordination, and cost and schedule issues. The forensics of building enclosure science is replete with cautionary tales of building enclosures that were designed with the highest of aspirations but that failed to perform as intended. Using an institutional building constructed in 2001 as a case study, we will take a deep dive into the critical details (transitions within the assembly as it evolves from roof to wall, joints, and water management systems) and other sometimes vague requirements such as serviceability and durability. The advantage of hindsight during an evaluation is that we are able to evaluate individual failures as well as the relationship and cascading effects that failures can have on other time-dependent durability requirements. We will present a taxonomy for understanding and analyzing each individual failure, the relationships such failures have with one another, and the decisions made during a project. These organizational strategies may be useful tools when making decisions during early project phases. While the ultimate service life of many “modern” curtain wall systems is expected to exceed the careers of practitioners tasked with design, manufacture, and installation of the systems, a critical look at these issues will become increasingly important as the building stock of high-performance facades and architectural glass continues to age.
Chitosan based hydrogels and their use in medicine
Authors: Аbilova Guzel , Makhayeva Danelya , Irmukhametova Galiya , Khutoryanskiy Vitaliy
Published: June 2020

Chitosan is a natural biopolymer, polysaccharide, a product of chitin deacetylation. Chitosan is a non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable polymer with high biological activity and stability in the environment. In addition, chitosan is obtained from natural renewable resources and is an inexpensive substance. Due to all these properties, chitosan is widely used in practical medicine, for example, in the form of hydrogel dosage forms in combination with natural and synthetic polymers.

This review is focused on polymer hydrogel materials based on chitosan. Special attention is paid to the preparation and use of wound dressings for the treatment of wounds of various etiologies. The use of hydrogel wound dressings based on this polysaccharide allows to create a protective shell on the surface of various wounds, to prolong delivery of antibacterial agents, peptides and other active substances, which significantly increases the effectiveness of therapy. Bactericidal and sorption properties of chitosan-based hydrogels established in experimental and clinical studies are discussed.
The Category of Sobornost
Authors: Yureva Olga Yu.
Published: June 2020

The article presents for the first time a complete analysis of the ethnopoetic features of the story Antonov’s apples by I. A. Bunin. The idea of sobornost' (conciliarism) as a world-forming principle in the story correlates with the idea of unity. The conciliar consciousness reflected in Bunin’s works is based on the unity of the Orthodox faith, the everyday realities of the peasant and landowner world, and Russian nature. These areas of the Cathedral life contain basic national images-symbols and archetypes that define the features of the story’s ethno-poetics and characterize Bunin’s “cultural unconscious”. The Ethnopoetic images — symbols of the sky and the field determine the spatial characteristics of the chronotope, structured by the idea of a Cathedral synthesis of the soul’s being and the natural world, in which the life of a Russian person was so organically included. Bunin depicts his idea of the Russian national world as a conciliar existence organized according to special, Divine principles and laws. The density and saturation of the chronotope of the story is determined by spatial, picturesque, phonic and olfactory images. The image of the unity of the national world is based on Bunin's historiosophical idea of the unity of life and soul of the Russian people, both noblemen and peasants. This idea is implemented in the story at the level of the image system and compositional structure.
The Images of Mary of Egypt, Mary Magdalene and Cleopatra in Russian Literature: the Christian and the Pagan
Authors: Zavgorodnyaya Galina Yu.
Published: June 2020

The article examines the orthodox tradition of paying homage to Venerable Mary of Egypt. The perception of the image of Mary of Egypt is compared with that one of Mary Magdalene in the West-European World, particularly in literature and art. The different forms of interaction between the hagiography of Mary of Egypt and Russian literature are traced: adaptation of the plot, allusions, insertion of the motif of a repented whore. The plot of Cleopatra, as of an impenitent whore, is opposite to a hagiographic plot (by its semantic pole of attraction). Two female images symbolize two divergent paths — to spiritual rebirth and to the ruin. As a result of the analysis of the works of A. Pushkin, I. Aksakov, N. Leskov, V. Bryusov, A. Remizov it is deduced that both plots turned out to be productive for Russian literature of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, namely because of their paired relationship.
“If I Were a Painter...” The Problem of Intermedial Contexts of Nikolay Gogol’s Novel Old World Landowners
Authors: Kravchenko Oksana A.
Published: June 2020

The article analyzes the problem of the intermedial reading of Gogol's novel The Old World Landowners, presented by the animated film He and She by M. Muat. The novelty of the work is determined by the application of the method of a comprehensive analysis to the texts dialogically connected with each other. The extent of adequacy of the creative reading of Gogol's novel by a contemporary film director is determined by the semantic reconstruction of an idyllic chronotope of the novel. It is noticed that in the film limiting the history of main characters only by mutual relations within a circle of a manor house, Gogol's idea about the confrontation between family and home space and forces of chaos and destruction, is kept. The director's technique of a circular composition is an artistic factor that can be compared to the key “moment” in painting that condenses all previous and subsequent events. A figurative ring formed by the images of an old oak can be seen as a semantic analogue of the idyllic circle of the manor. However, if in the novel this circle is destroyed from the inside, in the film it is preserved and affirmed thanks to the creative efforts of the film director. The idyllic world of M. Muat is conscious of the “evil spirit” of destruction, but its mission is to keep the moment of peace, love and quiet happiness. The director, thus, asserts love as the supreme and permanent value of human existence. Not following literally the text of Gogol's novel, M. Muat offers his own reading of those laws that form the core of Gogol's artistic world.
Philology as a Problem
Authors: Fedorov Vladimir V.
Published: June 2020

Proceeding from the assertion that a man is “the whole of a human being”, i. e., the ontological symbiosis of man proper and the subject of living (animal) existence, the author claims that the poet is actually a man in the highest — particularly verbal —form of his being. The poet is the subject of being, verbal by its n type and indirect by the manner of its realization. Verbal existence, being out of body, cannot be the subject of scientific knowledge. The type of knowledge that is correct in relation to the person himself, is Philology. The most distinctive feature of Philology is its indirect character. Just as the poet realizes himself and his being as an internal form of the subjects of bodily existence, so philological knowledge of the poet is manifested as an internal form of scientific knowledge about the plot characters and the life event they are living.
Christian Semantics of the Story Christ Visits a Peasant by Nikolay Leskov
Authors: Starygina Natalya N.
Published: June 2020

The article reveals the Christian meaning of the story Christ Visits a Peasant by Nikolay Leskov. Intended for children’s reading, the story is unique in its ability to open new semantic horizons, which makes the work interesting for readers of any age. The plot-forming motif “to descend in order to ascend” can be interpreted as a motif of spiritual rebirth (or healing). The hero-narrator reproduces the story of the main character’s spiritual struggle, the meaning of which is revealed in the context of the Christian teaching about the spiritual dispensation. The story forms a system of Christian motives (sin, forgiveness, the return of the prodigal son, meeting with God, the heart, etc.), indicated by precise instructions and allusions to biblical stories, images and symbols. In the motif complex of Leskov’s story, the traditional Christmas and Yuletide prose motifs of miracle, teaching, threshold, meeting, guest, path, and home are organic. Creating the image of Christ, the writer reveals his divine properties with the help of numerous symbols: “white hand”, “the divine fate”, light, Cup, candle, Christmas cribs, monastery, etc. In the context of Christian content, everyday motives of family, friendship, reading, generations, etc., everyday events (building a house, celebrating the Nativity of Christ, reading books, traveling, etc.) acquire symbolic meaning. In the everyday life of the characters, spiritual reality manifests itself. Leskov teaches his reader to see the spiritual world behind habitual everyday phenomena, events, and relationships.
The symmetry principle and the concept of time in actor-network theory
Authors: Akulov Mykhailo
Published: June 2020

The article addresses some problems of interpreting the symmetry principle and the concept of time in actor-network theory (ANT). The relationships between human and non-human actors constitute the basis for one of the key theses in ANT, which is the principle of generalised symmetry. However, the principle of symmetry does not seem to be strictly observed in many works by ANT proponents. This is also true for relationships between heterogeneous actors, as well as for the link between space and time. A series of discussions on the role of actors and the very concept of actor in ANT can be noticed in the writings of both the main architects and followers of actor-network theory (B. Latour, J. Law, A. Mol, A. Hennion, etc.). The analysis of ANT texts suggests that, first, assumptions about relativity are partial and incomplete; second, the actors do not have an equal ontological status.
Classroom Management in EFL Classes: Perception in China and Russia
Authors: Chicherina Natalia V. , Liu Feng , Obraztsova Oksana Yu.
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Classroom management has been one of the most vital fields of study of language teaching. It deals with establishing and maintaining a safe and positive learning environment, which is an essential condition for effective teaching. The rapid growth of the internationalization of education calls for comparing classroom management across countries. However, the comparative study of this aspect Chinese and Russian has long been delayed. The aim of this study is to examine the perception of classroom management in China and Russia regarding teaching English as a Foreign Language.
Materials and Methods. In this research classroom management is defined by three fundamental aspects: instructional management in a traditional and online setting; behavioral management through discipline and timing; and behavioral management through communication and teacher-student relationships. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was implemented at both Chinese and Russian universities, three quartiles and Mann–Whitney U test were applied to the interval data.
Results. By cross-culturally analyzing similarities and differences in perception of questionnaire items, it is found that generally, the perception of classroom management between Chinese and Russian respondents has more similarities than the distinctions. The authors also gave several practical recommendations to teaching staff for more adequate classroom management in China and Russia.
Discussion and Conclusion. Understanding differences in perception of Chinese and Russian respondents at universities are helpful for teaching staff and students to understand each other’s expectation, as well as stimulating new or modified strategies of classroom management. Potential areas of further research can cover the causes of differences and similarities in perception and practices of classroom management across Chinese and Russian culture.
Development of the Functional and Management Structure for the Computerized Management System under the Influence of Direct Environment Factors
Authors: Al Besoul Khaldoun , Al Salaimeh Safwan , Al Halaybeh Ayman , Hajiyev Nazim
Published: June 2020

Introduction. The task of building a management system is to help the manager in the process of making decisions. This provides for the establishment of goals and focuses on the construction of an integrated system unlike the construction of separated subsystems. The system requirements are determined by the reduction of data and knowledge on the phenomena and process, occurring during the operation of the facility management object.
Materials and Methods. The approach, used in this paper, is determined by the structure of the management systems, what is necessary to identify the main activities of the control object. The complex of functions is implemented and followed by determination of functional subsystems, which are necessary for the computerization of the control object. It should be noted that the proposed approach is a model and is suitable for developing the functional structure of only complexity.
Results. As a result, a unified service system of the enterprise appears. This system includes structural units responsible for the procurement and delivery of material resources, storage and movement of material flow as a part of the technological process, and the sale of finished products. These measures together can increase the efficiency of the enterprise and give its development dynamism in a difficult situation of market competition.
Discussion and Conclusion. The task of building a management system is to help the manager in the process of making decisions. This provides for the establishment of goals and focus on the construction of an integrated system unlike the construction of separated subsystems. The system requirements are determined by the reduction of data and knowledge on the phenomena and process, occurring during the operation of the facility management object.
Righteous Gentiles. Religion, Identity and Myth in John Hagee’s Christians United for Israel by Sean Durbin
Authors: Kirchner Anna
Published: June 2020

DURBIN, Sean. Righteous Gentiles: Religion, Identity and Myth in John Hagee’s Christians United for Israel. Leiden: Brill, 2019. 274pp. Hbk. ISBN: 9789004384958. $167.
“Lanzarían grandes carcajadas”: lo apócrifo del "flos sanctorum" y la burla de los protestantes
Authors: Baños-Vallejo Fernando
Published: June 2020

Estudiar el tratamiento de la materia apócrifa en el flos sanctorum castellano obliga a remontarse a sus fuentes medievales, para observar que la tolerancia con las categorías menos graves de lo apócrifo se restringe en el siglo XVI, en el contexto de la Reforma protestante. Así se percibe al comparar las intenciones declaradas en los prólogos por los compiladores católicos y sus antagonistas. En función de criterios que no eran ajenos a los reformistas católicos, pero que se intensifican como reacción a las críticas luteranas, los hagiógrafos católicos postridentinos repudian no solo lo falso, sino también lo dudoso y lo escrito por autores desconocidos, desmarcándose así de la permisividad medieval con las dos últimas categorías. Además, la burla de las falsedades hagiográficas se convierte en un arma para los luteranos y en una amenaza que debe conjurarse para los católicos. Al atender a estos planteamientos se comprueba que el italiano Lippomano y el alemán Surio, más allá de constituir la fuente de la materia para Villegas y Ribadeneira, los principales hagiógrafos castellanos postridentinos, les sirven también la pauta metodológica y los criterios de ortodoxia.
Una "Vida de Christo" en aimara (1612) a partir del "Flos sanctorum reformado" de Alonso de Villegas
Authors: Cortés-Guadarrama Marcos
Published: June 2020

Este artículo estudia la publicación bilingüe (aimara y castellano) de la Vida de Christo que hizo el jesuita Ludovico Bertonio, basado en el Flos sanctorum reformado de Alonso de Villegas. Se propone ubicarla en una tradición historiográfica del género que considera las aprobaciones y el prólogo como paratextos imprescindibles para saber de las intenciones del proceso de reescritura y, en este caso, de traducción que sufrió una obra fundamental para la hagiografía hispánica. Al comparar los prólogos de Villegas y de Bertonio, se aprecia que comparten la noción de irrisión y burla por falta de gravedad y autoridad en temas que deben mover a la devoción. Asimismo, en ambos hay una intención de reformar y de seleccionar lo más conveniente para las respectivas circunstancias históricas que los vieron nacer. Se concluye que este libro es producto del arte defensivo de la Contrarreforma, en donde el fraile y el indígena fueron partícipes de la idea de un Nuevo Mundo exclusivo de la Corona española.
Locos y simples de Cristo en las letras de la Contrarreforma: vindicación de un tema hagiográfico
Authors: Aragüés-Aldaz José
Published: June 2020

La figura del “loco o simple de Cristo” (el santo sometido al escarnio público a causa de una aparente estulticia, bajo la que se esconde la sabiduría de Dios) aflora en la tradición hagiográfica oriental, para asomar de una manera más discontinua en las letras de Occidente. En la frontera entre los siglos XVI y XVII, algunas obras (como el tratado De simplici obedientia del jesuita Matthaeus Rader, el Flos Sanctorum de Alonso de Villegas o varias “comedias de santos” de Lope de Vega) rescataron las biografías de esos santos “extravagantes”, y con ellas todos los ecos de una perfección basada en la inversión de las apariencias del saber. El estudio explora la presencia de ese motivo hagiográfico –el de la estulticia sagrada– en aquellos y otros textos coetáneos, como preámbulo de una más ambiciosa indagación acerca del lugar que el tema pudo haber ocupado en el discurso de la Contrarreforma.
Del manuscrito al impreso: versiones del "Memorial y relación verdadera... de cosas del reino del Perú" (1632-1634), de Bernardino de Cárdenas
Authors: Ortiz-Canseco Marta
Published: June 2020

Conocido como obispo y gobernador de Paraguay, el franciscano Bernardino de Cárdenas protagonizó una histórica polémica por su oposición a las misiones jesuíticas guaraníes a mediados del siglo XVII. Sin embargo, ha pasado más desapercibida su labor previa en los Andes del virreinato del Perú como extirpador de idolatrías. En este artículo ofreceremos un recorrido por su trayectoria como misionero en la región de Charcas en la década de 1620 y nos centraremos en las dos versiones de un memorial, apenas conocido, que escribió para plasmar su experiencia como evangelizador en los Andes.
"Centrum et peripheria": imagen y autorrepresentación del poder de la "domus Licinia Augusta" (253-268 d. C.) a través de su epigrafía en las provincias hispanas
Authors: Serrano-Ordozgoiti David
Published: June 2020

El siguiente artículo propone el estudio, a partir de los datos proporcionados por la epigrafía latina de las provincias hispanas, de una de las familias imperiales más importantes del período de la anarquía militar, como es el caso de la domus Licinia Augusta (253-268). Se examinarán, por tanto, las técnicas autorrepresentativas de los emperadores Valeriano, Galieno y sus familiares, Salonina, Valeriano el Joven y Salonino, mediante el análisis estadístico de su corpus epigráfico hispano. De esta manera, se estudiarán los tipos, la procedencia o los títulos imperiales más significativos, además de identificar dos fases cronológicas diferentes y subrayar la importancia de las comunidades en las dedicatorias imperiales de la época.