bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Charting progress towards system-scale ecosystem service valuation in islands
Authors: OLESON KIRSTEN L.L. , GRAFELD SHANNA , VAN BEUKERING PIETER , BRANDER LUKE , JAMES PHILIP A.S. , WOLFS ESTHER
Published: April 2018

Using islands as a model system, this paper seeks to understand how ecosystem service valuation (ESV) has and can move from a monetized, single-service paradigm to an integrated valuation paradigm, a participatory approach that represents a more diverse set of the values of nature, and beyond, to a more fully realized conception of the island social–ecological systems. A systematic literature review of 314 island ESV studies reveals developments in the design, implementation and adoption of ESV studies over time. We complement the review with three cases where this evolution is happening, thereby offering insights into successful means of translating ESV into information useful for island system-scale management, policy design and planning. Over the past 30 years, both the number of studies and the number of services addressed per study have steadily grown, and valuation methods have become more inclusive of multiple values. The cases reveal lessons for ESV practice. Insights are that ESV should increasingly: (i) recognize strong interconnections between ecosystems and between human and environmental systems; (ii) move towards more integrated valuation methods that better capture the diverse values of nature; and (iii) be based on an iterative process where knowledge and decision-support tools are co-created with decision-makers and stakeholders.
Breast-feeding duration and child eating characteristics in relation to later vegetable intake in 2–6-year-old children in ten studies throughout Europe
Authors: de Wild Victoire WT , Jager Gerry , Olsen Annemarie , Costarelli Vassiliki , Boer Eric , Zeinstra Gertrude G
Published: April 2018

Objective

Breast-feeding is thought to facilitate young children’s acceptance of new foods, including vegetables, but the evidence for this relationship appears inconsistent across studies. Increasing children’s vegetable intake remains challenging; therefore the present study aimed to investigate whether breast-feeding duration predicts vegetable intake in 2–6-year-old children.

Design

Actual vegetable intake was measured in studies across three European countries. General linear model analyses with breast-feeding duration, sex and age of the child and maternal education as variables were used to predict children’s vegetable intake per country. Additionally, the relationships between child eating behaviour characteristics (asked through the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire) and vegetable intake were investigated via Pearson correlations.

Setting

Daycare centres, schools and home settings in Denmark, Greece and the Netherlands.

Subjects

Children aged 2–6 years (n750).

Results

Breast-feeding duration was positively associated with children’s vegetable intake at 2–6 years old in Denmark (P<0·01) and the Netherlands (P<0·05), but not in Greece (P=0·17). Age of the child, maternal education and sex of the child did not predict vegetable intake in our sample. All countries showed an inverse relationship between food neophobia and children’s vegetable intake and a positive relationship between vegetable liking and intake.

Conclusions

The present study found that breast-feeding duration is a predictor of later vegetable intake, but that current child eating behaviour characteristics, such as vegetable liking, food neophobia and enjoyment of food, also influence vegetable intake. Besides encouragement of breast-feeding duration, strategies that support vegetable liking and food enjoyment and decrease food neophobia are needed to support young children’s vegetable intake.
A COMPACTNESS THEOREM FOR SURFACES WITH BOUNDED INTEGRAL CURVATURE
Authors: Debin Clément
Published: April 2018

We prove a compactness theorem for metrics with bounded integral curvature on a fixed closed surface $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}$. As a corollary we obtain a new convergence result for sequences of metrics with conical singularities, where an accumulation of singularities is allowed.
Exploring Gender Differences in Support for Rightist Parties: The Role of Party and Gender Ideology
Authors: Campbell Rosie , Erzeel Silvia
Published: April 2018

This contribution to the Special Issue on Gender and Conservatism uses expert and election surveys to explore the extent to which the feminist or traditional gender ideology of parties of the right relates to their economic and liberal/authoritarian ideology. We show that although parties of the left generally espouse more feminist ideologies than parties of the right, there are a significant number of rightist parties in Western Europe that combine laissez-faire economic values with liberal feminist ideals. That said, there is more homogeneity among parties of the populist radical right than rightist parties more generally. We find that despite some variation in their gender ideology, parties of the populist radical right overwhelmingly—with the exception of one party in the Netherlands—continue to adopt traditional or antifeminist gender ideologies. In terms of attracting women voters, we find that rightist parties who adopt a feminist gender ideology are able to attract more women voters than other parties of the right. We detect several examples of center-right parties that include feminist elements in their gender ideologies and are able to win over larger proportions of women voters than rightist parties that fail to adopt feminist positions.
Wideband Gysel HMSIW power divider with high power-handling capability
Authors: Song Kaijun , Kong Te , Zhu Yu , Xu Hongxing , Jiang Lifei , Fan Yong
Published: April 2018

A novel Gysel power divider with high power-handling capability based on half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) has been presented in this paper. A HMSIW ring is used and good input/output impedance matching is achieved based on HMSIW-microstrip taper transition. Two microstrip stubs are introduced in HMSIW ring to assemble two isolation resistors to improve the isolation between the output ports. The even- and odd-mode analysis method is used for the presented circuit. A prototype of the presented power divider is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results show a reasonable agreement with the simulated ones.
Analysis of HTS circular patch antennas including radome effects
Authors: Bedra Sami , Bedra Randa , Benkouda Siham , Fortaki Tarek
Published: April 2018

In this paper, the resonant frequencies, quality factors and bandwidths of high Tc superconducting circular microstrip patches in the presence of a dielectric superstrate loading have been studied using Galerkin testing procedure in the Hankel transform domain. The exact Green's function of the grounded dielectric slab is used to derive an electric field integral equation for the unknown current distribution on the circular disc. Thus, surface waves, as well as space wave radiation, are included in the formulation. London's equations and the two-fluid model of Gorter and Casimir are used in the calculation of the complex surface impedance of the superconducting circular disc. Galerkin testing is used in the resolution of the electric field integral equation. Two solutions using two different basis sets to expand the unknown disk currents are developed. The first set of basis functions used is the complete set of transverse magnetic and transverse electric modes of a cylindrical cavity with magnetic side walls. The second set of basis functions used employ Chebyshev polynomials and enforce the current edge condition. The computed values for a wide range of variations of superstrate thickness and dielectric constant are compared with different theoretical and experimental values available in the open literature, showing close agreement. Results are showing that the superstrate parameters should always be kept into account in the design stage of the superconducting microstrip resonators.
Lexical Processing as Revealed by Lateralized Event-Related Brain Potentials
Authors: Koppehele-Gossel Judith , Schnuerch Robert , Gibbons Henning
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Neurocognitive models of written-word processing from low-level perceptual up to semantic analysis include the notion of a strongly left-lateralized posterior-to-anterior stream of activation. Two left-lateralized components in the event-related brain potential (ERP), N170 and temporo-parietal PSA (posterior semantic asymmetry; peak at 300 ms), have been suggested to reflect sublexical analysis and semantic processing, respectively. However, for intermediate processing steps, such as lexical access, no posterior left-lateralized ERP signature has yet been observed under single-word reading conditions. In combination with a recognition task, lexicality and depth of processing were varied. Left-minus-right difference ERPs optimally suited to accentuate left-lateralized language processes revealed an occipito-temporal processing negativity (210–270 ms) for all stimuli except alphanumerical strings. This asymmetry showed greater sensitivity to the combined effects of attention and lexicality than other ERPs in this time range (i.e., N170, P1, and P2). It is therefore introduced as “lexical asymmetry.”
Interference Between Number Magnitude and Parity
Authors: Krajcsi Attila , Lengyel Gábor , Laczkó Ákos
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Interference between number magnitude and other properties can be explained by either an analogue magnitude system interfering with a continuous representation of the other properties or by discrete, categorical representations in which the corresponding number and property categories interfere. In this study, we investigated whether parity, a discrete property which supposedly cannot be stored on an analogue representation, could interfere with number magnitude. We found that in a parity decision task the magnitude interfered with the parity, highlighting the role of discrete representations in numerical interference. Additionally, some participants associated evenness with large values, while others associated evenness with small values, therefore, a new interference index, the dual index was introduced to detect this heterogeneous interference. The dual index can be used to reveal any heterogeneous interference that were missed in previous studies. Finally, the magnitude-parity interference did not correlate with the magnitude-response side interference (Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes [SNARC] effect) or with the parity-response side interference (Markedness Association of Response Codes [MARC] effect), suggesting that at least some of the interference effects are not the result of the stimulus property markedness.
Deciphering a 2 Gyr‐Long Thermal History From a Multichronometer (U‐Th)/He Study of the Phalaborwa Carbonatite, Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa
Authors: Baughman Jaclyn S. , Flowers Rebecca M.
Published: April 2018

(U‐Th)/He data were obtained for four minerals (baddeleyite‐BHe, titanite‐THe, zircon‐ZHe, apatite‐AHe) from the 2.06 Ga Phalaborwa carbonatite complex and nearby Archean basement of the Kaapvaal craton, South Africa. Our goals are to evaluate the relative He temperature sensitivities of these phases, better understand how radiation damage and other factors affect them, and inform aspects of the craton's thermal history. BHe dates overlap with Phalaborwa emplacement and record the highest temperatures of the dated phases. THe dates are 700–1,100 Ma and display a limited negative date‐eU correlation. ZHe dates are negatively correlated with eU, are younger (561–32 Ma) and have higher eU than the THe data, with the highest‐eU grains younger than the AHe dates. AHe dates are reproducible with a mean of 107 ± 7 Ma. The THe and ZHe data show radiation damage reduction of their He retentivities manifested as the negative date‐eU correlations. Alpha dose estimates for zircon are several orders of magnitude higher than for titanite, consistent with the ZHe dates recording lower temperatures and a younger portion of the history than the THe dates. Thermal history modeling yields time‐temperature paths that (1) explain the AHe, ZHe, and THe data while honoring existing geologic constraints, thus demonstrating the internal consistency of the data set, (2) imply possible reheating during Namaqua‐Natal orogenesis, and (3) limit maximum probable temperatures to ∼180°C during 300–183 Ma Karoo basin burial. The results show that exploiting multiple (U‐Th)/He thermochronometers and radiation damage effects can provide new insights into long‐term craton evolution.
Improved SST‐Precipitation Intraseasonal Relationships in the ECMWF Coupled Climate Reanalysis
Authors: Feng Xiangbo , Haines Keith , Liu Chunlei , de Boisséson Eric , Polo Irene
Published: April 2018

The European Centre for Medium‐range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) has produced the ocean‐atmosphere coupled reanalysis for the twentieth century, CERA‐20C, following on from the similar but atmosphere‐only reanalysis ERA‐20C. Here we demonstrate the capability of CERA‐20C in producing more physically consistent ocean and atmosphere boundary conditions, by focusing on sea surface temperature (SST)‐precipitation intraseasonal relationships. CERA‐20C reproduces well the observed SST‐precipitation correlations, while these relationships are poorly represented in ERA‐20C, with the greatest discrepancies in the early 1900s. The improved relationships in CERA‐20C are due to intraseasonal improvements in SST that are not present in the external HadISST2 product. In CERA‐20C, SST‐precipitation relationships are slightly weaker in the 1900s than in the 2000s, mainly due to differences in the assimilated observation density. We also find that the coupled model initialized from CERA‐20C in the 2000s realistically simulates these relationships, while relaxing SST toward HadISST2 tends to damp these relationships. CERA‐20C has improved mean and variance in precipitation over ERA‐20C, but these are mostly due to improvements in the atmospheric model and not due to coupled feedbacks.
Growing Land‐Sea Temperature Contrast and the Intensification of Arctic Cyclones
Authors: Day Jonathan J. , Hodges Kevin I.
Published: April 2018

Cyclones play an important role in the coupled dynamics of the Arctic climate system on a range of time scales. Modeling studies suggest that storminess will increase in Arctic summer due to enhanced land‐sea thermal contrast along the Arctic coastline, in a region known as the Arctic Frontal Zone (AFZ). However, the climate models used in these studies are poor at reproducing the present‐day Arctic summer cyclone climatology and so their projections of Arctic cyclones and related quantities, such as sea ice, may not be reliable. In this study we perform composite analysis of Arctic cyclone statistics using AFZ variability as an analog for climate change. High AFZ years are characterized both by increased cyclone frequency and dynamical intensity, compared to low years. Importantly, the size of the response in this analog suggests that General Circulation Models may underestimate the response of Arctic cyclones to climate change, given a similar change in baroclinicity.
Correction: Publisher Correction: In vivo single-molecule imaging of syntaxin1A reveals polyphosphoinositide- and activity-dependent trapping in presynaptic nanoclusters
Authors: Bademosi Adekunle T. , Lauwers Elsa , Padmanabhan Pranesh , Odierna Lorenzo , Chai Ye Jin , Papadopulos Andreas , Goodhill Geoffrey J. , Verstreken Patrik , van Swinderen Bruno , Meunier Frédéric A.
Published: April 2018

Nature Communications 7: Article number: 13660 (2016); Published: 16 December 2016; Updated: 10 April 2018 The original HTML version of this Article had an incorrect volume number of 8; it should have been 7. This has now been corrected in the HTML; the PDF version of the Article was correct from the time of publication.
Correction: Author Correction: The transcriptional repressor complex FRS7-FRS12 regulates flowering time and growth in Arabidopsis
Authors: Ritter Andrés , Iñigo Sabrina , Fernández-Calvo Patricia , Heyndrickx Ken S. , Dhondt Stijn , Shi Hua , De Milde Liesbeth , Bossche Robin Vanden , De Clercq Rebecca , Eeckhout Dominique , Ron Mily , Somers David E. , Inzé Dirk , Gevaert Kris , De Jaeger Geert , Vandepoele Klaas , Pauwels Laurens , Goossens Alain
Published: April 2018

Nature Communications 8: Article number: 15235 (2017); Published online: 11 May 2017; Updated: 10 April 2018 The financial support for this Article was not correctly acknowledged. The Acknowledgements incorrectly stated that the study was funded in part by Research Foundation Flanders for project GN005212.
Dripplons as localized and superfast ripples of water confined between graphene sheets
Authors: Yoshida Hiroaki , Kaiser Vojtěch , Rotenberg Benjamin , Bocquet Lydéric
Published: April 2018

Carbon materials have unveiled outstanding properties as membranes for water transport, both in 1D carbon nanotube and between 2D graphene layers. In the ultimate confinement, water properties however strongly deviate from the continuum, showing exotic properties with numerous counterparts in fields ranging from nanotribology to biology. Here, by means of molecular dynamics, we show a self-organized inhomogeneous structure of water confined between graphene sheets, whereby the very strong localization of water defeats the energy cost for bending the graphene sheets. This leads to a two-dimensional water droplet accompanied by localized graphene ripples, which we call “dripplon.” Additional osmotic effects originating in dissolved impurities are shown to further stabilize the dripplon. Our analysis also reveals a counterintuitive superfast dynamics of the dripplons, comparable to that of individual water molecules. They move like a (nano-) ruck in a rug, with water molecules and carbon atoms exchanging rapidly across the dripplon interface.
Purification and characterization of antioxidant peptides from cooked eggs using a dynamic in vitro gastrointestinal model in vascular smooth muscle A7r5 cells
Authors: Wang Jiapei , Liao Wang , Nimalaratne Chamila , Chakrabarti Subhadeep , Wu Jianping
Published: April 2018

Antioxidant peptides derived from food sources are considered as safer alternatives to commercially available antioxidant drugs. As one of the most abundant protein sources, hen’s egg proteins were extensively used to produce antioxidant peptides by enzymatic hydrolysis. Our previous work indicated that gastrointestinal digestion of cooked eggs significantly increased the antioxidant activity due to hydrolysis of egg proteins. To characterize the responsible antioxidant peptides, cooked eggs were digested in a simulated in vitro model of human gastro-intestinal digestion. Prepared digests were fractionated with FPLC (Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography) and RP-HPLC (Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) and the antioxidant activity was determined in A7r5 cells (vascular smooth muscle cell line). Further identification of peptides from peptide fractions with the highest antioxidant activity was carried out using LC-MS/MS. Four peptides derived from ovalbumin, DSTRTQ (48–53), DKLPG (61–65), DVYSF (96–100), and ESKPV (205–209), were identified; of which DKLPG did not show antioxidant activity in cells. Enzyme cleave analysis suggested that these four peptides were likely released from ovalbumin only by pepsin non-specific cleaves. It is postulated that egg consumption may exert protection against oxidative stress on human health due to release of antioxidant peptides during digestion.
Author Correction: A replication study of genetic risk loci for ischemic stroke in a Dutch population: a case-control study
Authors: Hauer Allard J. , Pulit Sara L. , van den Berg Leonard H. , de Bakker Paul I. W. , Veldink Jan H. , Ruigrok Ynte M. ,   Dutch Parelsnoer Institute-Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Study Group, Klijn Catharina J. M. , Algra Ale , van Dijk Ewoud J. , Koudstaal Peter J. , Luijckx Gert-Jan , Nederkoorn Paul J. , van Oostenbrugge Robert J. , Visser Marieke C. , Wermer Marieke J. , Kappelle L. Jaap
Published: April 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Incidental haptic sensations influence judgment of crimes
Authors: Schaefer Michael , Cherkasskiy Lillia , Denke Claudia , Spies Claudia , Song Hyunjin , Malahy Sean , Heinz Andreas , Ströhle Andreas , Bargh John A.
Published: April 2018

Extralegal factors may influence judicial outcomes. Here we investigated the experience of incidental haptic sensations on the harshness of punishment recommendations. Based on recent theories of embodiment, which claim that cognitive representations are structured by metaphorical mappings from sensory experience, we hypothesized that tactile priming with hard objects would cause subjects to recommend harsher sentences (to be ‘hard on crime’). Furthermore, the theory of embodiment predicts that this effect should be based on sensorimotor brain activation during the judging process. In order to test this we presented participants with scenarios that described various crimes while scanning their brain activity with fMRI. Participants were then asked to rate how severely they would sentence the delinquents. Before the scenarios, the participants were primed by touching either a hard or a soft object. Results revealed tha t hard priming led participants to recommend harder punishments. These results were accompanied by activation of somatosensory brain areas during the judging phase. This outcome is in line with simulation assumptions of the embodiment theory and proposes a central role of the sensorimotor cortices for embodied metaphors. Thus, incidental tactile experiences can influence our abstract cognitions and even how hard we are on criminals.
Author Correction: The hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori predisposes to Alzheimer’s disease is biologically plausible
Authors: Contaldi Felice , Capuano Federico , Fulgione Andrea , Aiese Cigliano Riccardo , Sanseverino Walter , Iannelli Domenico , Medaglia Chiara , Capparelli Rosanna
Published: April 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: Seasonal total methane depletion in limestone caves
Authors: Waring Chris L. , Hankin Stuart I. , Griffith David W. T. , Kertesz Michael A. , Kobylski Victoria , Wilson Neil L. , Coleman Nicholas V. , Kettlewell Graham , Zlot Robert , Bosse Michael , Bell Graham
Published: April 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Publisher Correction: Alteration in Fluidity of Cell Plasma Membrane in Huntington Disease Revealed by Spectral Phasor Analysis
Authors: Sameni Sara , Malacrida Leonel , Tan Zhiqun , Digman Michelle A.
Published: April 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
HadD, a novel fatty acid synthase type II protein, is essential for alpha- and epoxy-mycolic acid biosynthesis and mycobacterial fitness
Authors: Lefebvre Cyril , Boulon Richard , Ducoux Manuelle , Gavalda Sabine , Laval Françoise , Jamet Stevie , Eynard Nathalie , Lemassu Anne , Cam Kaymeuang , Bousquet Marie-Pierre , Bardou Fabienne , Burlet-Schiltz Odile , Daffé Mamadou , Quémard Annaïk
Published: April 2018

Mycolic acids (MAs) have a strategic location within the mycobacterial envelope, deeply influencing its architecture and permeability, and play a determinant role in the pathogenicity of mycobacteria. The fatty acid synthase type II (FAS-II) multienzyme system is involved in their biosynthesis. A combination of pull-downs and proteomics analyses led to the discovery of a mycobacterial protein, HadD, displaying highly specific interactions with the dehydratase HadAB of FAS-II. In vitro activity assays and homology modeling showed that HadD is, like HadAB, a hot dog folded (R)-specific hydratase/dehydratase. A hadD knockout mutant of Mycobacterium smegmatis produced only the medium-size alpha’-MAs. Data strongly suggest that HadD is involved in building the third meromycolic segment during the late FAS-II elongation cycles, leading to the synthesis of the full-size alpha- and epoxy-MAs. The change in the envelope composition induced by hadD inactivation strongly altered the bacterial fitness and capacities to aggregate, assemble into colonies or biofilms and spread by sliding motility, and conferred a hypersensitivity to the firstline antimycobacterial drug rifampicin. This showed that the cell surface properties and the envelope integrity were greatly affected. With the alarmingly increasing case number of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases, HadD appears as an attractive target for drug development.
Unusual sulfur isotope effect and extremely high critical temperature in H3S superconductor
Authors: Szczęśniak Radosław , Durajski Artur P.
Published: April 2018

Recent experiments have set a new record for the transition temperature at which a material (hydrogen sulfide, H3S) becomes superconducting. Moreover, a pronounced isotope shift of T
C
in D3S is evidence of an existence of phonon-mediated pairing mechanism of superconductivity that is consistent with the well established Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer scenario. Herein, we reported a theoretical studies of the influence of the substitution of 32S atoms by the heavier isotopes 33S, 34S and 36S on the electronic properties, lattice dynamics and superconducting critical temperature of H3S. There are two equally fundamental results presented in this paper. The first one is an anomalous sulfur-derived superconducting isotope effect, which, if observed experimentally, will be subsequent argument that proves to the classical electron-phonon interaction. The second one is fact that critical temperature rise to extremely high value of 242 K for H336S at 155 GPa. This result brings us closer to the room temperature superconductivity.
Simple preparation and highly selective detection of silver ions using an electrochemical sensor based on sulfur-doped graphene and a 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine composite modified electrode
Authors: Fu Yang , Yang Yajie , Tuersun Tayierjiang , Yu Yuan , Zhi Jinfang
Published: April 2018

An electrochemical sensor based on S-Gr-TMB/GCE was prepared to solve the nonselectivity problem of TMB as a spectral probe.
Recent advances in spirocyclization of indole derivatives
Authors: Bariwal Jitender , Voskressensky Leonid G. , Van der Eycken Erik V.
Published: April 2018

This tutorial review provides a good introduction to spirocyclization reactions of indole derivatives and highlights the recent advances in the construction of spiroindolines and spiroindoles.
Solvent effect on a model SNAr reaction in ionic liquid/water mixtures at different compositions
Authors: Sánchez Bruno , Calderón Cristian , Garrido Constanza , Contreras Renato , Campodónico Paola R.
Published: April 2018

A biphasic behavior observed on the reaction rate of a model SNAr reaction in ionic liquid/water mixtures was explained by preferential solvation effects in water rich mixtures, and an anion effect in mixtures with high ionic liquid content.
Influence of molecular weight between crosslinks on the mechanical properties of polymers formed via ring-opening metathesis
Authors: Long Tyler R. , Elder Robert M. , Bain Erich D. , Masser Kevin A. , Sirk Timothy W. , Yu Jian H. , Knorr Daniel B. , Lenhart Joseph L.
Published: April 2018

Changes in Mc,a in non-polar ROMP resins correspond to a continuous brittle to ductile transition in contrast to polar thermosets.
Proton jump diffusion dynamics in hydrated barium zirconates studied by high-resolution neutron backscattering spectroscopy
Authors: Noferini Daria , Frick Bernhard , Koza Michael Marek , Karlsson Maths
Published: April 2018

High-resolution neutron backscattering spectroscopy reveals the atomic-scale motions of protons in hydrated barium zirconates.
One-step detection of hexokinase activity using a personal glucose meter
Authors: Bai Jie , Liu Liyan , Han Yanmei , Jia Congcong , Liang Cuixia
Published: April 2018

Using commercially available personal glucose meters for the determination of hexokinase activity.
Reversible modulation of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystal/gold nanoparticle heterostructures
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Lyu Danya , Ling Tao , Guo Weiwei
Published: April 2018

The reversible modulation of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystal/Au nanoparticle heterostructures was achieved via the reversible formation and fragmentation of gold nanoparticles anchored to the corners and surface of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals.
Catalytic asymmetric trifluoromethylthiolation of carbonyl compounds via a diastereo and enantioselective Cu-catalyzed tandem reaction
Authors: Jin Ming Yu , Li Juncheng , Huang Renke , Zhou Yuxuan , Chung Lung Wa , Wang Jun (Joelle)
Published: April 2018

The tandem reaction realizes the asymmetric integration of –SCF3 group to carbonyl compounds, establishing the chiral tertiary α-carbon center and affording the α-SCF3-β-substituted carbonyl compounds in 50–92% yields with up to 20 : 1 dr and 96% ee.
Kitchen grinder: a tool for the synthesis of metal–organic frameworks towards size selective dye adsorption
Authors: Samal Mahalaxmi , Panda Jagannath , Biswal Bishnu P. , Sahu Rojalin
Published: April 2018

A simple, swift mechanochemical approach for MOF synthesis using kitchen grinder has been developed for size selective dye adsorption.
Multi-color electrochromism containing green color based on electrochemically polymerized star-shaped phenyl bithiophene
Authors: Dong Yujie , Luo Feifei , Chen Lan , Yuan Feiya , Hou Yuejiao , Li Weijun , Yan Shuanma , Dai Yuyu , Ouyang Mi , Zhang Cheng
Published: April 2018

The pure thiophene-based polymer pPHBT was obtained to exhibit multi-color electrochromic switching with a surprising green electrochromic color.
Salt metathesis routes to homoleptic near-linear Mg(ii) and Ca(ii) bulky bis(silyl)amide complexes
Authors: Leng Ji-Dong , Goodwin Conrad A. P. , Vitorica-Yrezabal Iñigo. J. , Mills David P.
Published: April 2018

A series of bulky bis(silyl)amide ligands have been utilised to stabilise rare examples of formally 2-coordinate linear or near-linear Mg and Ca complexes.
Efficient Co–N/PC@CNT bifunctional electrocatalytic materials for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions based on metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Ban Jinjin , Xu Guancheng , Zhang Li , Xu Gui , Yang Lijuan , Sun Zhipeng , Jia Dianzeng
Published: April 2018

Co–N/PC@CNT-Ts were synthesized by facile carbonization of Bio-MOF-11, which have excellent activities as bifunctional electrocatalysts for ORR and OER.
Hierarchical branched platinum–copper tripods as highly active and stable catalysts
Authors: Xu Hui , Song Pingping , Gao Fei , Shiraishi Yukihide , Du Yukou
Published: April 2018

Intriguing hierarchical branched platinum–copper tripods with remarkable catalytic performances for liquid fuels are engineered via a facile wet-chemical approach.
A transition state “trapped”? QM-cluster models of engineered threonyl-tRNA synthetase
Authors: Summers Thomas J. , Cheng Qianyi , DeYonker Nathan J.
Published: April 2018

QM-cluster models demonstrate how protein bioengineering alters the local energy landscape of p-biphenylalanine to stabilize a transition state analogue.
Remote alkylation ofN-(quinolin-8-yl)benzamides with alkyl bromidesviaruthenium(ii)-catalyzed C–H bond activation
Authors: Mariappan Arumugam , Das Krishna Mohan , Jeganmohan Masilamani
Published: April 2018

A ruthenium(ii) catalyzed remote C-5 alkylation of the quinoline ring ofN-(quinolin-8-yl)benzamides with alkyl bromidesviaC–H bond activation is described.
BODIPY–diketopyrrolopyrrole–porphyrin conjugate small molecules for use in bulk heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Bucher Léo , Desbois Nicolas , Koukaras Emmanuel N. , Devillers Charles H. , Biswas Subhayan , Sharma Ganesh D. , Gros Claude P.
Published: April 2018

Two small molecules denoted as BD-pPor and BD-tPor composed of a central BODIPY core surrounded with two DPP and two porphyrin units have been designed and synthesized.
Three-dimensional hollow spheres of the tetragonal-spinel MgMn2O4cathode for high-performance magnesium ion batteries
Authors: Tao Shi , Huang Weifeng , Liu Yushen , Chen Shuangming , Qian Bin , Song Li
Published: April 2018

Uniform tetragonal-spinel MgMn2O4(T-MgMn2O4) hollow spheres with a micro/nanostructure are synthesized by using a simple and template-free method and they exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance as the cathode material for magnesium ion batteries.
Synthesis of hierarchical structured Fe2O3 rod clusters with numerous empty nanovoids via the Kirkendall effect and their electrochemical properties for lithium-ion storage
Authors: Park Seung-Keun , Choi Jae Hun , Kang Yun Chan
Published: April 2018

Hierarchical structured iron oxide clusters comprising nanorods with numerous empty nanovoids were successfully prepared via the Kirkendall effect.
Fatigue Related to Speech Processing in Children With Hearing Loss: Behavioral, Subjective, and Electrophysiological Measures
Authors: Gustafson Samantha J. , Key Alexandra P. , Hornsby Benjamin W. Y. , Bess Fred H.
Published: April 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine fatigue associated with sustained and effortful speech-processing in children with mild to moderately severe hearing loss.

Method

We used auditory P300 responses, subjective reports, and behavioral indices (response time, lapses of attention) to measure fatigue resulting from sustained speech-processing demands in 34 children with mild to moderately severe hearing loss (
M
= 10.03 years,
SD
= 1.93).

Results

Compared to baseline values, children with hearing loss showed increased lapses in attention, longer reaction times, reduced P300 amplitudes, and greater reports of fatigue following the completion of the demanding speech-processing tasks.

Conclusions

Similar to children with normal hearing, children with hearing loss demonstrate reductions in attentional processing of speech in noise following sustained speech-processing tasks—a finding consistent with the development of fatigue.
ROM and recursion free high accuracy approximation of base‐2 logarithm using MacLaurin series
Authors: Khan A. , Kareem P. , Kyung C.M.
Published: April 2018

An accurate approximation of base‐2 logarithm (log2) in hardware can be used to simplify many complex calculations such as power and division. There are several existing low error approximations of log2, but those approaches are either slow or require a lot of memory. In this letter, the authors propose a new shift and add‐based approximation of log2 using Maclaurin series. Experimental results show that with the proposed method maximum error is as less as 0.0102 and average error is reduced to 0.0050. Being independent of a number of bits this approximation can be used for any range of numbers. Results of hardware implementation show that area, power, and frequency of the proposed method are comparable with the existing methods.
Design of realisable optimum post‐detection filters for high data‐rate m‐PAM systems with clock jitter tolerance
Authors: Lane P.M.
Published: April 2018

The continual increase in demand for extremely high data‐rate systems spans the full range of network systems from local area networks to long‐haul systems. While coherent optical systems dominate the long‐haul market, there is significant interest in using simpler direct detection systems for application areas, where simplicity and lower‐cost is a key driver. Pulse‐amplitude modulation (PAM) is appropriate to consider as it enables the reduction of the channel symbol rate for a given data rate, without unduly increasing the complexity of the system. A route to the design of optimum post‐detection filter for PAM systems is presented that offers significantly improved robustness to timing jitter, which is an impairment of increasing import as symbol rates are increased.
L‐section matching with notches and its application for composite lowpass filter with spurious signal suppression
Authors: Lee H. , Jung D. , Ren D. , Choi J.H.
Published: April 2018

L‐section matching circuits are used for various applications. Such circuits can be advanced to provide notch responses to suppress undesired spurious signals. The design guide that allows integration of notch responses in the L‐section matching circuits is presented. With given impedance at the targeted matching frequency and notch frequencies, a matching circuit with the spurious signal suppressing notches can be simply designed based on the closed‐form equations provided. A composite lowpass filter (LPF) based on the image parameter method is composed of two matching sections and two filter sections. Replacing conventional matching sections with the proposed L‐section matching circuits, an LPF with spurious signal notches can be realised. The proposed matching circuit and filter with spurious suppression notches will bring an added dimension of design freedom for modern communication systems that demand stringent out‐of‐band requirements.
Very narrow band sensor antenna for accurate data reading
Authors: Bitchikh M. , Ghanem F.
Published: April 2018

A purely radio‐frequency wireless sensor capable of measuring physical parameters with a very low energy consumption is presented. By integrating a capacitive temperature sensor (a change in temperature is traduced by a change in a capacity value) to a very narrowband antenna, the antenna operating frequency band becomes controlled by the surrounding temperature that translates it, depending on its value. By making sure that there is a bijection between the surrounding temperature and the antenna operating band in the considered two ranges, there is no need to use any digital data to wirelessly transmit the information about the temperature. In this case, an important energy consumption reduction could be achieved since the whole wireless sensor would be composed of only a wideband pulse generator and the sensor antenna that selects the band to transmit based on the temperature. To demonstrate the concept, a prototype has been built by modelling the capacitive sensor with a varying capacitance. Both simulated and measured results show a reasonably good agreement which validates the concept.
Asymptotical stability of fractional order systems with time delay via an integral inequality
Authors: He Bin‐Bin , Zhou Hua‐Cheng , Chen YangQuan , Kou Chun‐Hai
Published: April 2018

In this study, the asymptotical stability for several classes of fractional order differential systems with time delay is investigated. The authors first present an integral inequality by which the Halanay inequality is extended to fractional order case. Based on the generalised Halanay inequality, the authors establish several asymptotical stability conditions under which the fractional order systems with time delay are asymptotically stable. It is worth to note that these stability conditions are easy to check without resorting to the solution expression of the systems.
Smartphone camera‐based analysis of ELISA using artificial neural network
Authors: Nath Somjit , Sarcar Subhannita , Chatterjee Biswendu , Chourashi Rhishita , Chatterjee Nabendu Sekhar
Published: April 2018

The proposed method indicates an inexpensive, portable, and easily accessible method for the quantitative analysis of medical samples for the detection of disease in the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The procedure follows a point‐of‐care diagnostic model and attends to the several challenges in healthcare system in rural settings. The proposed technique will alleviate the inconveniences faced by the average citizen of a country with insufficient resources to implement an affordable healthcare administration for its entire population. A smartphone is used to procure images of an ELISA containing para‐nitrophenol samples which is then fed into a machine learning algorithm, specifically artificial neural network. The introduction of two relatively new technologies in medical aid – the smartphone and machine learning not only reduces cost and time of detection, but also presents ample possibility for further development. The predictions result in highly accurate diagnostic labels. The same method can be used for blood samples for the prediction of presence of any disease, provided adequate training set has been deployed.
Induction motor broken rotor bar fault detection techniques based on fault signature analysis – a review
Authors: Hassan Ola E. , Amer Motaz , Abdelsalam Ahmed K. , Williams Barry W.
Published: April 2018

The induction motor is the most popular motor in energy conversion and industrial drive systems. This popularity is due to its robustness, low cost, and easy maintenance. Electrical, mechanical, thermal, magnetic and environmental stresses cause faults in the induction motor during the operation process. One of the challenging topics for many researchers is the development of a reliable efficient induction motor fault diagnostic techniques. The broken rotor bar fault is one of the critical faults that need to be early detected due to its sudden severe damages. The objective of this study is to present a survey of existing broken rotor bar fault detection techniques with new classification based on fault signature. Various monitoring conditions and signal processing techniques are considered for the detection process. A comprehensive list of references is reported for each fault signature and classified based on (i) loading level, (ii) the number of broken bars, (iii) validation and (vi) signal processing.
System‐level dynamic phasor models of hybrid AC/DC microgrids suitable for real‐time simulation and small signal analysis
Authors: Xu Jin , Wang Keyou , Li Guojie , Ji Weijiang , Jiang Xiuchen , Zhang Hua
Published: April 2018

This study develops a system‐level dynamic phasor (DP) model of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid. A new definition of DP, based on the multiple frequency shift transformation, is proposed to extend the models of a variety of AC/DC and DC/DC converters. The comprehensive control system is considered in developing the DP model of microgrid. Furthermore, a computational framework for applying this DP model into system‐level simulation and small signal analysis (SSA) is given. The DP‐based simulation is tested under conditions of environmental disturbances and unbalanced supply voltages. The SSA is performed on the developed DP model to evaluate the voltage stability and harmonic modes of the microgrid. Besides, this DP model shows high potential when implemented in the real‐time simulation with larger scale system.
DC fault protection for modular multi‐level converter‐based HVDC multi‐terminal systems with solid state circuit breakers
Authors: Stumpe Maximilian , Tünnerhoff Philipp , Dave Jaykumar , Schnettler Armin , Ergin Dominik , Schön Andre , Würflinger Klaus , Schettler Frank
Published: April 2018

The high penetration of renewable energy requires flexible transmission of electrical energy over long distances. Onshore high‐voltage DC (HVDC) interconnectors based on overhead transmission lines have already reached an advanced planning stage. These interconnectors could be extended to multi‐terminal grids in the second step for higher transmission redundancy and flexibility. Fast and selective protection concepts for fault handling are required to ensure high reliability and continuous operation of these systems. Modular multi‐level converters with submodules in half‐bridge topology and solid‐state HVDC‐circuit breakers (SSCB) provide fault clearing within several microseconds to prevent converter blocking. Within this publication, a selective protection concept for SSCB and multi‐terminal HVDC systems based on the overhead transmission is developed and analysed. It is based on a combination of local voltage and current signals and does not require communication between grid nodes. Additional series reactors for limiting rising fault currents are not required. Subsequent simulations for validating the protection concept and identifying its limits are carried out in power systems computer‐aided design™/electro‐magnetic transient design and control™ for an exemplary HVDC system. The combination of overcurrent protection with additional excitation signals enables selective fault clearing for all types of line fault scenarios.
Framework for current transformer saturation detection and waveform reconstruction
Authors: Tajdinian Mohsen , Bagheri Alireza , Allahbakhshi Mehdi , Seifi Ali Reza
Published: April 2018

Due to current transformer (CT) saturation, the secondary current waveform may contain distortions which results in mal‐operation of the protective system. This study presents a framework that attempts to detect and reconstruct saturated secondary current of the CT. To such aim, first an algorithm is proposed which detects and discriminates between normal and abnormal condition. This algorithm which is based on high‐order derivatives and statistical criterion, classifies load change, inrush current and fault condition. In addition, this algorithm is designed so that it detects the first time that CT becomes saturated. After fault detection and phase fault selection, based on analytical and comprehensive formulations, the parameter of fault current signal is calculated in the sub‐cycle. Moreover, the dynamic behaviour of the CT is considered in the waveform reconstruction. Several case studies are carried out to investigate the performance of the proposed method. Simulation results show that proposed method can effectively classify the inrush current and fault signal even in the CT saturation condition. Also, under different CT saturation condition, proposed method quickly and precisely detects and reconstructs saturated waveform without sacrificing details.
Analytical solution for demand contracting with forecasting‐error analysis on maximum demands and prices
Authors: Ferdavani Ali Khorasani , Hooshmand Rahmat‐Allah , Gooi Hoay Beng
Published: April 2018

This study presents a new analytical solution to solve the contracting capacity (CC) optimisation problem that several sets of the demand and energy rates are available in the market. The proposed method (PM) obtains the best option for the prices and the best CC. It is mathematically proved that the best CC is the maximum demand for a specific month of interest. Further, despite most existing methods such as linear programming, PM is able to obtain all optima. Some significant properties of and the influence of the input parameters on the optimal solution are discussed. Moreover, the errors on the forecasted maximum demand and the forecasted prices are separately analysed. Finally, the PM is performed on the data of various scenarios of a large real electrical user to highlight the effectiveness of this method.