bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Interaction Mechanisms of Polysaccharide Homologs Binding with Serum Albumin Using Capillary Electrophorsis
Authors: Ming Guo Ming Guo , Da Lv Da Lv , Chunyan Shao Chunyan Shao , Yi Kuang and Zhihong Sun Yi Kuang and Zhihong Sun
Published: January 2022

Different polysaccharide homologs (as the ligand) binding to serum albumin (bovine serum albumin (BSA)) as the receptor were investigated by capillary electrophoresis (CE). The Hummel–Dreyer method (HD), frontal analysis method(FA), and vacant peak method(VP) were used to measure the interaction parameters of the polysaccharide-BSA system. A workable CE method was selected by comparing different analytical methods and a feasible binding model was established by evaluating the different theoretical equations. The binding mechanism of polysaccharide-BSA was also explored under physiological conditions. The results showed that both HD and FA method can be used to analyze the polysaccharide-BSA system, with the most suitable CE method being the HD, and the double logarithmic equation gives the best fit to the data. The binding parameters indicate that the interaction between polysaccharides and BSA had moderate affinity, which had only one type of binding site. This work provides a reference for future studies of polysaccharide-protein interactions.
Incorporation of Carbon Nanotubes on Strategically De-Sized Carbon Fibers for Enhanced Interlaminar Shear Strength of Epoxy Matrix Composites
Authors: Muhammad Abdul Basit Muhammad Abdul Basit , Sybt e anwar Qais Sybt e anwar Qais , Muhammad Saffee Ullah Malik and Ghufran Ur Rehman Muhammad Saffee Ullah Malik and Ghufran Ur Rehman , Faizan Siddique Awan Faizan Siddique Awan , Laraib Alam Khan and Tayyab Subhani Laraib Alam Khan and Tayyab Subhani
Published: January 2022

Carbon fiber reinforced polymeric matrix composites are enormously used in aerospace and automotive industries due to their enhanced specific properties. However, the area of interlaminar shear properties still needs investigation so as to produce composites with improved through-the-thickness properties. To improve interlaminar shear properties of these composites, acid-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes were deposited on de-sized carbon fibers through electrophoretic deposition. De-sizing of carbon fabric was performed through three different methods: furnace heating, acidic treatment and chloroform usage. As the acid-treatment provided better results than other two techniques, the acid-de-sized carbon fibers were coated with nanotubes and subsequently incorporated in epoxy matrix to prepare a novel class of multiscale composites using vacuum assisted resin transfer molding technique. Nearly 30% rise in the interlaminar shear strength of the composites was obtained which was credited to the coating of nanotubes on the surface of carbon fibers. The increased adhesion between carbon fibers and epoxy matrix due to mechanical interlocking of nanotubes was found to be the possible reason of improved interlaminar shear properties.
Comparative GC-MS Analysis of Nine Different Seasonal Flowers Growing in Selected Region of Pakistan
Authors: Sidra Rehman Sidra Rehman , Nighat Sultana Nighat Sultana , Dildar Ahmad Dildar Ahmad , Tasawar Sultana Tasawar Sultana , Kashif Syed Haleem Kashif Syed Haleem
Published: January 2022

Seasonal flowers contribute in the attraction and fragrances of volatile compounds. These flowers volatiles also contribute in the protection of plants from different diseases. The current study was aimed to analyze and identify the flowers volatile from seasonal flowers grown in Hazara. For this purpose a comparative study of volatile compounds from aqueous fractions of nine different seasonal flowers in terms of qualitative and quantitative composition was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The mass spectrum of unknown compounds was identified by comparing the mass spectrum of known compounds using NIST 5 library search program and available standards library. Total 67 compounds were identified belongs to different classes of organic compounds i.e esters, fatty acyls, terpenoid, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, aldehydes, ketones and hydrocarbons. 10 compounds were identified in Veronica chamaedrys, 12 in Ligustrum sinense, 11 in Ixora coccinea, 11 in Gazania rigens, 11 in Ligustrum lucidum, 14 in Amaryllis belladonna, 8 in Plantago lanceolata, 15 in Rosa indica and 26 in Callistemon viminalis. The main compounds in nine different seasonal flowers were mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, n-hexadecanoic acid, phytol, 6-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (Z)-, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, beta cubebene, caryophyllen, phenylethyl alcohol, 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-, benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-4-methyl-, bicyclo[2.2,1]heptane-1 carboxylic acid, 7,7,dimethyl-2-oxo-, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-, γ.-sitosterol, methyl gallate, pyrogallol, α-linolenic acid, 11-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, lupeol, 2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-hydroxy-, 1,2-benzenediol, β.-sitosterol, octadecanoic acid, oleic acid, 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, 1-heptacosanol, spirost-8-en-11-one, 3-hydroxy-, (3,14,20,22 β.,5. α, 25R)-, 2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-hydroxy-, eucalyptol, spiro[4,5]decan-7-one,1,8-dimethyl-8,9-epoxy-4-isopropyl.. Some compounds were detected in all nine flowers such as mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. The concentration of this compound was more in Veronica chamaedrys (28.851%) and on the other hand having fewer amounts in flower Ixora coccinea (0.218%) and some compounds identified only in one flower such as caryophyllene. Most of the compounds were present in all selected flower while there were also some unique compounds which were present in one flower while absent in other. It shows that specific properties of flower associated with these unique compounds. Similarly, identified compounds suggested their role in the field of medicines and pharmaceutical sciences which need further investigations.
A Green and Sustainable Approach for Acetalization of Benzaldehyde Using Tungstophosphoric Acid Loaded on Metal Oxide Catalysts
Authors: Li Fanghao Li Fanghao , Li Chenjie Li Chenjie , Chen Junyi Chen Junyi , Wang Kuiwu Wang Kuiwu , Zhang Haijiang Zhang Haijiang , Wang Yanbo and Han Xiaoxiang Wang Yanbo and Han Xiaoxiang
Published: January 2022

A series of tungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40; HPW) loaded on metal oxide catalysts, namely H3PW12O40/M (M= TiO2, CeO2, ZrO2) was prepared by initial wetting impregnation method and their catalytic performances were also investigated during the condensation reaction of benzaldehyde with glycol. Among them, the 20 wt% H3PW12O40/TiO2 catalyst demonstrated highly active with superior acetal yield (90.1 %) and excellent durability. The high activity of the catalyst derived from high surface area, ultra-strong Brand#248;nsted acidity and synergetic effect of Brand#248;nsted-Lewis acid. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the course of the condensation reaction of benzaldehyde with glycol, and the optimal benzaldehyde glycol acetal yield (93.4 %) could be obtained. The optimized yield and the experimental results are similar. Moreover, under optimal reaction conditions, the activation energy (Ea) of reaction could be obtained through the kinetic study of the irreversible parallel reaction model, and the Ea was 23.24 kJ/mol.
Ru(III) Complexes of Phenoxy-İmine Ligands: Synthesis, Characterisation and Testing as Oxidation Catalysts
Authors: Ali apan Ali apan , G khan Ceyhan and Mehmet S nmez G khan Ceyhan and Mehmet S nmez
Published: January 2022

A series of new mononuclear Ru(III) complexes bearing phenoxy-imine Schiff base tetradentate ligands (phenylimino, 4-chlore phenylimino, 3,4-dichlore phenylimino) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, TGA, UV-VIS, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C NMR spectra. The proposed structure of the ligands have a O2N2 core to form mononuclear Ru (III) complexes. Preliminary studies on the catalytic performances of the compounds in the cycloalkane oxydation are described. The catalytic effect of all Ru complexes results in the epoxidation reaction of cyclohexane, as shown in the substrate conversion reaction appears to be very high.
Pyrolysis of Polystyrene: The Influence of Commercially Available Oxides as Catalysts
Authors: Jan Nisar Jan Nisar , Muhammad Sufaid Khan Muhammad Sufaid Khan , Ghulam Ali Ghulam Ali , Afzal Shah Afzal Shah , Rafaqat Ali Khan Rafaqat Ali Khan , Faheem Shah Faheem Shah , Sirajuddin Sirajuddin , Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi and Munawar Iqbal Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi and Munawar Iqbal
Published: January 2022

In this study four catalysts (ƴ –Alumina, α- Alumina, silica gel and silica ppt) with different physicochemical characteristics were tested for the pyrolysis of polystyrene (PS) under inert atmosphere in the temperature range 200-650 and#176;C at heating rate 5 and#176;C/min. The silica gel a mesoporous catalyst, with a greater pore size and surface area was found to be the most active materials in terms of reduction in maximum temperature. The ƴ –Alumina catalyst also shows good result because of the acidic sites, surface area, and pores size, however, its degradation effect is less than silica gel. The effect of α- Alumina catalyst on the pyrolysis of PS is less pronounced due to its small surface area, pore size and lack of acidic sites on its surface. The effects of these catalysts show that surface area, number of acidic sites and pore size were observed as the key factors for effective degradation of polymers.
Process Optimization of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Powder Preparation by Airflow Ultrafine Pulverization at Low Temperature and Characterization of its Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Deng Kai Deng Kai , Hu Na Hu Na , Suo Yourui and Ding Chenxu Suo Yourui and Ding Chenxu
Published: January 2022

The processing of ultrafine pulverization Lycium ruthenicum Murr. by airflow is studied to determine the best parameters. Based on the single factor experiment, orthogonal experimental design is utilized to optimization of process parameters. The results show that the water content is 0.5%, air supply pressure is 0.70 Mpa，graded speed is 55 Hz, freezing time in the liquid nitrogen is 2 h. Under the condition of repeated trials, the average grading of L. ruthenicum fruit submicron powder is 19.8167 and#177; 0.53 μm. The contents of the total polysaccharides, anthocyanin and antioxidant activity in the water extract of submicron powders are obviously higher than the normal powder’s, which can efficiently increase the dissolution rate of active ingredients in L. ruthenicum Murr.
Removal of Toxic Congo Red Dye Using Water Hyacinth Petiole, an Efficient and Selective Adsorbent
Authors: Abul Kalam Md Lutfor Rahman Abul Kalam Md Lutfor Rahman , Rajib Al Mamun Rajib Al Mamun , Nafees Ahmed Nafees Ahmed , Aparna Sarkar and Akash Mamon Sarkar Aparna Sarkar and Akash Mamon Sarkar
Published: January 2022

Congo red (CR), one of the major dyes used in the textile mills of Bangladesh has carcinogenic and chronic effect on living system. Removal of CR was done by using water hyacinth petiole (WHP), an efficient and selective adsorbent. Adsorption experiment was performed through batch process at different pH values, dye concentrations, contact times, particle sizes and dosages of adsorbent. A comparable study was carried out using untreated and sodium chlorite treated WHP at different pH values. Equilibrium adsorption was attained after 240 minutes. The highest removal 94.88% was obtained using sodium chlorite treated water hyacinth petiole (SCT-WH) and 94.51% using untreated water hyacinth petiole (UT-WH) at pH 6. Adsorption increased with the increase of initial dye concentration and after a certain time saturation was attained. Adsorption decreased with the increase of particles size (≤ 75and#181;m, ≤ 150and#181;m and ≤ 300and#181;m) and increased with the amount of adsorbent (0.25g, 0.50g and 0.75g). The equilibrium data were best described by the Freundlich isotherm and adsorption kinetics better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Strontium Carbonate was Induced by Fruit Extracts and Graphene Oxide and its Application in Degradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Chengli Yao Chengli Yao , Hongying Li Hongying Li , ChuanminTao ChuanminTao , Yanxin Wei Yanxin Wei , FabaoLuo and Jinmiao Zhu FabaoLuo and Jinmiao Zhu
Published: January 2022

This work presented non-toxic green synthesis of SrCO3 particles prepared using fruit extracts and graphene oxide (GO) as agents. Strontium nitrate was used as a source of the strontium ions, while carbon sources were derived from sodium bicarbonate and urea, respectively. With the co-precipitation and hydrothermal methods, the mineralization of SrCO3 was induced by above agents. The resultant crystals were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD). The photocatalytical activity of the obtained SrCO3 particles was studied. The surface morphology of the particles showed that, depending on the templates used, the samples vary in size and shape distribution were due to the interaction between mineralization methods and templates. The obtained results also presented that SrCO3/GO hybrids had a higher photocatalytic degradation capacity of methylene blue compared to SrCO3 particles.
Investigation of Low Formaldehyde Easy-Care Textile Finishes on Dyed Cotton Fabric
Authors: Nabeel Rizwan Nabeel Rizwan , Abdullah Ijaz Huassain Abdullah Ijaz Huassain , Syed Makhdoom Hussain Syed Makhdoom Hussain , Muhammad Ansab Zaeem and Shahzad Ali Shahid Chatha Muhammad Ansab Zaeem and Shahzad Ali Shahid Chatha
Published: January 2022

Crosslinking of cellulose is considered a necessary process in creating anti-wrinkling cotton fabrics. In the recent years, the concern of buyers regarding the wrinkle-resistant fabric has increased the demand of easy-care finishes. Formaldehyde based easy care finishes are carcinogenic but still used in the textile industry. Low formaldehyde reagents are being developed and tested to replace formaldehyde based easy care finishes. In this research the low formaldehyde easy care finishes; Fixapret ECO and Alkaknit WFR were investigated for their effect on color fastness to crocking, tear strength, tensile strength and durable press rating. Findings of the research showed that the there was a subsequent decrease in tensile and tear strength as compared to original fabric with the increase in resin concentration on both type of dyes. From the results we can say that higher the resin concentration, better the washing durability. This is due to the fact that resin decreases the chance of fiber chain displacement. The fabric with navy blue dye displayed much better performance and compatibility with non-formaldehyde resins as compared to turquoise blue dye.
Ethnobotanical Survey on Medicinal Plants Used in Burkina Faso in the Treatment of Breast Cancer, Phytochemistry and Antioxidant Activities: Euphorbia poissonii Pax and Flueggea virosa (Willd.) Voigt. (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: H.M. Thiombiano , M.J. Bangou , A.P. Nacoulma , B. Ouoba , M. Sawadogo , A. Lema , T.H. Coulidiati , H.Y. Ouoba , G.A. Ouedraogo
Published: January 2022

This study presents an ethnobotanical survey, a quantification of polyphenols and antioxidant activities on medicinal plants used in the treatment of breast cancer in the cities of Bobo-Dioulasso and Fada N'Gourma conducted among traditional practitioners. For this purpose, after the survey analyses, Euphorbia poissonii Pax (Euphorbiaceae) and Flueggea virosa (Willd.) Voigt. (Euphorbiaceae) were chosen. A methanolic extraction with soxhlet was performed on these plants. Then, the quantification of phenolic compounds was done by spectrophotometric method with Folin Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride respectively. Likewise, the antioxidant activity was evaluated by three methods (ABTS, DPPH and FRAP). A total of 103 traditional practitioners were surveyed and 47 species divided into 27 families were obtained. Among the total extracts, the leaves of Flueggea virosa gave the highest content of total phenolics (52.05 ±1.49 mg EAG/100mg extract) and the root gave the highest content of flavonoids (3.30 ±0.32 EQ/100mg extract). The best antioxidant activity was observed at the ABTS method with best results obtained for the total extracts of Flueggea virosa (8413.78±110.16 μmol EAA/g). The results of the different phytochemical and antioxidant activities could partially justify the traditional use of these plants in the management of breast cancer patients.
Fabrication and characterization of nanostructured lipid carrier system for effective delivery of poorly water-soluble drug quetiapine fumarate
Authors: Patil Deepak , Pattewar Seema , Palival Sarvesh , Patil Gargi , Sharma Swapnil
Published: January 2022

The aim of present study is to investigate the potential of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) in improving the oral bioavailability of quetiapine fumarate, a second-generation antipsychotic drug. Quetiapine Fumarate (QF) loaded NLC were prepared by hot homogenization followed by an ultrasonication method. Response surface methodology - central composite design (CCD) was used to systemically examine the influence of concentration of capmul MCM EP, concentration of poloxamer 188 and concentration of egg lecithin on particle size (PS) and % entrapment efficiency (% EE) and to optimize the NLC formulation. The CCD consists of three factored design with five levels, plus and minus alpha (axial points), plus and minus 1 (factorial points) and the centre point. A mathematical relationship between variables was created by using Design Expert software Version 12. The statistical evaluations revealed that three independent variables were the important factors that affected the PS and % EE of QF loaded NLC. The best fitted mathematical model was linear and quadratic for PS and % EE respectively. The optimized formulations found with 218.1±0.14nm of PS and 93±0.16% of % EE. Results illustrated the superiority of developed QF loaded NLC formulation as a stable drug delivery system, providing better bioavailability with the possibility of better treatment for psychological disorders.
Comparative between Ammonia Ion Selective Electrode and Dye Binding Method to study effect of Processing Methods on Protein Content of Plain Yogurt
Authors: Kashour Heba , Soubh Lina
Published: January 2022

In this study, two analytical methods were used to determinate the protein, the ammonia ion selective electrode method and dye binding method using orange G and the spectrophotometer at λmax 478 nm by determining the linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantitation of each. In comparison, the dye binding method was chosen for its accuracy, repeatability, sensitivity (LOD, LOQ) and speed of performance. After that, it was applied to samples of prepared plain yogurt to study effect of different properties (source, heat treatment and type) of used milk on protein content of plain yogurt.
Development and Evaluation of Herbal Mosquito Repellent Cream
Authors: Banik Bapan , Barman Jayanta , Pratim Dutta Manash , Bhowmick Nikita
Published: January 2022

Mosquito repellent is a product that is applied to the skin or other surfaces to deter insects (and arthropods in general) from landing or climbing on that surface. The interest in plant-based repellants has been revived seeing that the development of resistance, cross-resistance and possible toxicity hazards associated with synthetic insecticides and their rising cost. The present study aimed towards the development and evaluation of safe and efficient herbal mosquito repellent from leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica, Vitex negundo, and Ocimum gratissimum. Six different types of formulation (Type-1 to 6) were prepared using each plant extract and optimized ingredients. The mosquito repellent activity of the formulation was tested using the arm-in-cage method. One skin rubbed with a small quantity of formulation was exposed to 20 mosquitoes and the number of mosquitoes that aligned or biting the arm was recorded in each minute for five minutes. The most effective repellent activity of the Type2 formulation was 87.5% (Y-shaped Model) and 91.62% (Rectangular-shaped Model). The Type1, Type3, Type4, Type5 and Type6 formulation showed 66.62% , 58.25%, 68.75%, 70.75% and 62.5% repellent activity in Y shaped model and 66.62%, 62.5%, 70.75%, 83.25% and 62.5% repellent activity in Rectangular shaped model respectively. During these studies, we found that Hexane extract showed higher repellent activity. No allergic reactions were observed upon the skin. So, it is a safe product. The formulation was ecological, economical and highly efficient.
Application of Box–Behnken Design and Desirability function in the Optimization of Aceclofenac-Loaded Micropsonges for Topical Application
Authors: Sharma Anjali , Kumar Guarve , Singh Ranjit
Published: January 2022

Background: The aim of the present investigation was to develop optimized Aceclofenac-loaded microsponges using Box-Behnken design (BBD) and desirability function. Material and Method: Aceclofenac-loaded microsponges were developed using ethyl cellulose, ethanol and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Initially, a trial batch was developed using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method, and by optimizing the drug-polymer ratio. A 3-level, 3-factor BBD was used to investigate the effect of PVA, ethanol and stirring speed on particle size and entrapment efficiency (EE). The models used for the optimization were analyzed through ANOVA and diagnostic plots. Finally, the desirability function was used for the selection of optimized formulation composition. Results: A drug-polymer ratio of 1.5:1 was taken as optimized ratio for all the formulations. The developed microsponges were of the spherical shape having size and %EE in the range of 22.54±2.85 µm to 49.08±5.01 µm and 70.57±4.19% to 86.43±2.58 %, respectively. The amounts of PVA, ethanol and stirring speed were noted to have a significant impact on particle size and %EE. Finally, an optimized formulation (size-22.69 and %EE-86.42) was developed with a desirability value of 0.9967. Conclusion: The BBD is a valuable tool for the development of optimized microsponges with desired properties.
Synthesis and Biological evaluation of some newer Pyrazole Derivatives
Authors: Sharma Ajay , Kumar Sharma Gyanendra , Chopra Himansu
Published: January 2022

Pyrazoline is a 5-membered heterocyclic moiety has two adjoining nitrogen iotas and three carbon particles inside the ring. Pyrazoline subordinate are related wide scope of pharmacological and restorative exercises, for example, antibacterial, antifungal, pain relieving, calming, hostile to parasitic, against malarial, against oxidant. The ongoing work of exploration is fundamentally engaged at the revelation and improvement of a progression of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoline. A progression of new 1-phenyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)- 5-(subbed phenyl) pyrazoline subordinates (2a-2j) were blended by the response of subbed acetophenone and subbed benzaldehyde within the sight of fluid sodium hydroxide arrangement by Claisen Schmidt buildup system. The subbed chalcone were integrated which is additionally dense with phenyl hydrazine in ethanol and results in the definition of conclusive subordinates of pyrazoline (2a-2j). The response blend was observed by TLC and the last mixes were refined by recrystallization from wanted dissolvable. All the structures of blended mixes were affirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR, mass unearthly information and essential investigation. All the recently combined mixes (2a-2j) were assessed for antibacterial and antifungal movement. Mixes 2f, 2i and 2h showed powerful inhibitory impact against on strains of both bacterial and parasitic species.
Logistic Regression and Artificial Neural Network: A Comparative Study in Diagnosing Breast Cancer
Authors: Hameed W. Abdul , D. Anuradha , S. Kaspar
Published: January 2022

Breast tumor is a common problem in gynecology. A reliable test for preoperative discrimination between benign and malignant breast tumor is highly helpful for clinicians in culling the malignant cells through felicitous treatment for patients. This paper is carried out to generate and estimate both logistic regression technique and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique to predict the malignancy of breast tumor, utilizing Wisconsin Diagnosis Breast Cancer Database (WDBC). Our aim in this Paper is: (i) to compare the diagnostic performance of both methods in distinguishing between malignant and benign patterns, (ii) to truncate the number of benign cases sent for biopsy utilizing the best model as an auxiliary implement, and (iii) to authenticate the capability of each model to recognize incipient cases as an expert system.
Comparative Pharmacokinetic Studies of Marketed and Microsponges Gel Loaded with Diclofenac Diethylamine in Rabbits
Authors: Kshirasagar Naresh , Puchchakayala Goverdhan , K Balamurugan.
Published: January 2022

Oral administration of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, Diclofenac Diethylamine (DDEA) is often associated with gastrointestinal ulcers, bleeding and extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism. As an alternative to oral administration, formulated microsponges-based gel of DDEA was developed for topical administration, to quantify diclofenac diethylamine in plasma of rabbits for this a sensitive Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed using carbamazepine as Internal standard (IS) and DDEA (pure drug) was provoked on Hypersil RP C18 column (250mm × 4.6mm 5µm) using a mobile phase mixture of potassium dihydrogen buffer pH 2.5 and acetonitrile in the ratio of 30:70 v/v at an isocratic flow rate of 1mL/min. The drug peak area was detection and found at 276nm. The retention time of DDEA was found to be 5.3 min. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 50-750ng/ml of DDEA. This method was accurate for quantitative estimation of the drug from the marketed gel and optimized microsponge gel. The main of investigation is to compare pharmacokinetic profile of diclofenac diethylamine in pharmaceutical dosage forms (marketed gel and microsponges gel) using WinNonlin software version 8.1.
Antitubercular study on stem bark of Albizia procera (ROXB.) BENTH
using Microplate Alamar Blue assay (MABA)
Authors: M Sathish , D Anand , M Guruvigneshwari. , Kumaar S Dhiraj , S Soundarya. , S Nijanthan.
Published: January 2022

Albizia procera commonly known as white siris is a large deciduous tree of the family Mimosideae, widely distributed throughout India. Traditionally the plant is used in convulsions, pain, delirium, cancer and septicemia. The decoction of bark is given for rheumatism, hemorrhage and is considered useful in treating pregnancy problems, for stomach ache and sinus.The preliminary phytochemical screening of ethanol extract of Albizia procera shows the presence of active constituents like flavonoids, phenolic compounds and tannins. Earlier studies show the flavonoids and phenolic compounds play major role in antitubercular activity. Based on this, we made an attempt to evaluate the antitubercular potential of this plant. The ethanolic extract and its fractions (Hexane and Ethyl acetate) were investigated for antitubercular activity using Alamar Blue dye method (MABA), in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis was sensitive upto 3.12μg/ml.The extract and fractions show better anti tubercular activity than streptomycin and potentially equal to pyrazinamide and ciprofloxacin. The observed activity may be due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compound which is confirmed by HPTLC. This investigation on stem bark of Albizia procera has the potential to be developed further into a natural Anti-TB drug.
Evaluation of the Vasoprotective Effects of Metformin versus Glibenclamide in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: H. Fathi Zainab , Mohammad Jehan A. , H. Mohammed Marwah
Published: January 2022

Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties decreased in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that may influence endothelial function by regulating serum nitric oxide (NO) levels. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of two oral hypoglycemic drugs, Metformin and Glibenclamide (GLC), on circulating APN and NO levels and to find a correlation between APN and NO levels in type 2 diabetic patients. Fifty males and females previously diagnosed with T2DM were conducted in this trial and classified into groups: Group A involved 18 untreated patients with T2DM, group B involved 16 patients receiving Metformin monotherapy (1000 mg/day) for up to 1 year and group C involved 16 patients receiving GLC (5 mg/day) for up to 1 year. Circulating APN and NO were measured. Compared to GLC, Metformin therapy showed a significant increase in APN and NO levels in type 2 diabetic patients. Our findings established that Metformin has a protective effect on endothelial function, including increased APN and NO bioavailability, beyond its glucose-lowering effect.
Development of High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Estimation of Domperidone and Lansoprazole
Authors: Agarwal Pooja , Kumari Beena , Sangeeta Sangeeta , Kumar Manish
Published: January 2022

The combination of Domperidone and Lansoprazole is very useful in Gastro-esophageal disinfection (Dyspepsia). These methods provide means to separate the components characterize and quantify the components. An accurate, precise, specific and simple HPLC method was developed for simultaneous estimation of Domperidone and Lansoprazole. By this method retention time, linearity and accuracy data is respectively found for Domperidone and Lansoprazole. Mobile phase was prepared by mixing 51 volume of Acetonitrile and 49 volume of Ammonium Acetate (51:49 V/V) then 25mg each of Domperidone and Lansoprazole was dissolved in small volume of Acetonitrile: Ammonium Acetate (51:49 V/V) separately. Retention time was recorded 4.330 ± 0.003 minute and 5.820 ± 0.003 minute for Domperidone and Lansoprazole with 1.0 ml/min flow rate. The low value of % R.S.D indicates that this method is precise and accurate. Thus it can be concluded that the proposed method was good approach for obtaining reliable result.
Intracavernosal ephedrine for management of intraoperative penile erection during urological procedure under general anesthesia
Authors:   Consultant, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal., Yadav Nabin Krishna , Bhandari Deepak ,   Consultant, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Bhaktapur District Hospital, Bhaktapur, Nepal, Shrestha Subin ,   Consultant, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal., Gautam Suresh ,   Consultant, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal.
Published: January 2022

Intraoperative penile tumescence during urological procedure can occur after regional or general anesthesia. It is a rare event but can cause delay or defer of the surgery. Pathophysiology of intraoperative erection is mainly due to autonomic imbalance during anesthesia. Various physical and pharmacological management of tumescence have been tried with variable success and complication. We injected ephedrine 15 mg intracavernous resulting immediate de-tumescence and minimum complication.
Vanishing hyperintensity in MRI: Vascular or epileptic origin?
Authors:   Neurology Service, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Hospital Central “Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto”, San Luis Potosí, SLP Mexico., Luis Ricardo Rodriguez-Rivas , Guillermo Reyes-Vaca Jorge ,   Neurology Service, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Hospital Central “Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto”, San Luis Potosí, SLP Mexico., Damaris Daniela Vázquez-Guevara ,   Neurology Service, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Hospital Central “Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto”, San Luis Potosí, SLP Mexico., Ildefonso Rodriguez-Leyva ,   Neurology Service, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Hospital Central “Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto”, San Luis Potosí, SLP Mexico.
Published: January 2022

Status Epilepticus and epilepsy-related MRI vanishing changes have been reported in the literature since the 1980s; hypoxia and hypoperfusion have been related to these image modifications. These alterations and their disappearing characteristics can cause trouble among work up and their diagnosis, especially if there is no exact etiology of what is causing seizures. We present a case of a 37-year-old righthanded man with a 6-year history followed up after seizure debut, with no exact etiology at the first event, considering an ischemic event as etiology. After a six-year follow-up seizure-free and no sequels, the patient newly developed aphasia, seizures, and status epilepticus, with a now evident vascular abnormality (cavernous cerebral malformation) etiology in MRI imaging. The cumbersomeness of the clinical picture in its presentation, the seriousness to which it reached, and the complete resolution of the problem with medical treatment make this clinical case especially attractive.
Endocarditis following an unsuccessful attempt to remove a gastric GI stromal tumor by laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine C, Heart Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel., Abdullah Ali , Somi Marina ,   Department of Internal Medicine C, Heart Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel., Alin Pavel ,   Department of Internal Medicine C, Heart Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel., Shimoni Sara ,   Department of Internal Medicine C, Heart Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel., Malnick Stephen ,   Department of Internal Medicine C, Heart Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Published: January 2022

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) are the most common subepithelial lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. Treatment of lesions greater than 2 cm in diameter is by laparoscopic wedge resection. We report a 77-year-old man who was diagnosed with a 2.3 cm diameter gastric GIST. He had a thickened mitral valve, severe mitral annular calcification, mild mitral regurgitation and moderate aortic stenosis. One week after undergoing an unsuccessful attempt at Laparoscopic Endoscopic Cooperative Surgery (LECS), he was admitted with a fever of 40.2o C. Blood cultures grew Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography revealed moderate mitral regurgitation and an 8 X 5 mm vegetation on the mitral valve and posterior annulus. This is the first report of endocarditis following LECS. Physicians need to be aware of this possible complication. Keywords: endocarditis; GI stromal tumor; endocarditis; endoscopic tumor.
Acute pulmonary embolism: Tell tale signs
Authors:   PGIMER, Advanced Cardiac Center, Sector 12, Chandigarh 160012, India., Yadav Mayank
Published: January 2022

Acute Pulmonary embolism is one of the major preventable causes of in hospital mortality. It is commonly seen in ICU setting in chronic bed ridden patients [1]. It has wide spectrum of clinical presentation ranging from asymptomatic stage to severe hemodynamic decompensation so diagnosis requires high degree of suspicion. In majority of cases detailed history and physical examination along with ECG and 2D transthoracic echocardiography is enough the diagnosis. CT pulmonary angiography is done to confirm the diagnosis or when diagnosis is not possible by other non-invasive tests. A 45-year-old army person presented to ER with breathlessness for 3 days. There was no complaint of chest pain, giddiness, palpitation, swelling or pain of legs. Patient does not have any other comorbidities.
Breaking the dry ice: A case of accidental carbon dioxide poisoning due to dry ice inhalation
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, St Joseph Mercy Oakland, Pontiac, Michigan, USA., Pulipati Priyanjali , Cosma Cecilia ,   Department of Internal Medicine, St Joseph Mercy Oakland, Pontiac, Michigan, USA.
Published: January 2022

Background: Solid dry ice undergoes sublimation to gaseous carbondioxide (CO2 ) at room temperature. Symptoms of exposure include headache, dizziness, unconsciousness, seizures, even coma and death based on concentrations of CO2 inhaled. We present a case of accidental poisoning due to dry ice inhalation. Case: 35-year-old Caucasian male with a history of depression and tobacco use was brought into the emergency department after he was found unconscious in the walk-in freezer at the fast-food center he was working at. On contacting his coworkers, we were told that the walk-in freezer was out of order, and they had packed it with dry ice. On examination, the patient was tachypneic, tachycardic and was saturating at 89% on room air. Physical examination was normal. Blood work showed acute hypoxic respiratory failure with metabolic acidosis with lactic acid 13.1 mmol/l. Carboxyhemoglobin level was elevated at 5.3% (normal level and smokers 3 to 5%). The patient significantly improved with supplemental oxygen and fluid boluses and was discharged in the next 24 hours. Conclusion: Exposure to dry ice in confined spaces and warm temperatures can lead to carbon dioxide poisoning. Accurate and detailed history taking helps recognize this potentially fatal medical emergency Keywords: dry ice poisoning; carbon dioxide poisoning; accidental poisoning; inhalation toxicity.
Una experiencia ecuatoriana en la determinación del comportamiento clínico del síndrome de fragilidad en el adulto mayor con ancylostomiasis
Authors: Mayorga Aldaz Elizabeth , Acosta Mayorga Carlos , Acurio Padilla Piedad , Alfonso González Iruma
Published: January 2022

En adultos mayores, la ancylostomiasis tiene manifestaciones básicas como pérdida del apetito y masa muscular, evacuación excesiva, debilidad y otras que hacen propenso al adulto mayor a un estado de fragilidad, un tipo de síndrome de fallo multiorgánico crónico, donde interviene la disfunción de diversos sistemas. Este agravante fundamenta el objetivo de la presente investigación, centrado en identificar el comportamiento de los criterios clínicos, funcionales, mentales y sociodemográficos en la evaluación geriátrica del síndrome de fragilidad en adultos mayores parasitados por Ancylostoma spp. en el cantón Santiago de Píllaro. La muestra resultó integrada por un total de 102 adultos mayores a 65 años. Mediante la revisión de las historias clínicas y la aplicación de una encuesta a los participantes, se evaluó el comportamiento de los criterios sociodemográficos, médicos, funcionales, mentales y de comorbilidad asociada. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados estadísticamente mediante análisis bivariado y regresión logística múltiple. Los factores estadísticamente asociados a la fragilidad fueron el sexo femenino (p= 0,003, IC 95% ,LI= 1,564 y LS= 8,950), los bajos ingresos económicos (p= 0,011, IC 95%: LI= 1,786 y LS= 7,433), la polifarmacia (p= 0,006, IC 95%: LI= 2,452 y LS= 14,415) ), las evacuaciones frecuentes (p=0,009, con IC95%: LI=2,704 y LS=7,536) y las afecciones bucodentales (p= 0,004, IC 95%: LI= 1,895 y LS= 6,572), por lo que se justifica la elaboración de estrategias y acciones de salud que minimicen los efectos del estado de fragilidad en la población estudiada
Conducta sexual y percepción del riesgo de ITS en estudiantes universitarios con enfoque de género
Authors: López Domínguez Delia Marlene , Peñafiel Jaramillo Kenia , Wong Vázquez Lester , Hernández Bandera Neyda
Published: January 2022

Las recientes iniciativas nacionales y mundiales han llamado la atención sobre la importancia de la salud sexual para el bienestar de las personas. Estas iniciativas promueven la mejora de los esfuerzos para abordar este tema no representado en los planes de estudio de las profesiones de la salud. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar la conducta sexual y percepción del riesgo de ITS en estudiantes universitarios de la ESPOCH, considerando el enfoque de género. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal y con enfoque de género en 119 estudiantes universitarios. Primera experiencia sexual protegida, tenencia de varias parejas y necesidad de información sobre sexualidad fueron estadísticamente significativas en relación al género de los estudiantes encuestados (p <0,05). El control eficaz de las ITS requerirá respuestas de salud pública multimodales dedicadas que incluyan la promoción de la salud y la prevención. Los resultados de esta investigación pueden ser útiles para orientar el rediseño de los programas de salud sexual en los estudiantes universitarios
Entorno virtual sincrónico y su efecto en el desarrollo de un programa de salud en contextos de la pandemia
Authors: Infante Rivera Lipselotte de Jesús , Calderón Sedano Carlos Alberto , Núñez Apumayta Cintia Adriana
Published: January 2022

Se realizó un estudio en 96 estudiantes peruanos adscritos 3 instituciones universitarias, los cuales fueron reincorporados al proceso académico bajo la modalidad semipresencial en los meses de mayo y junio de 2020, de acuerdo a las resoluciones ministeriales. Se diseñó un programa de salud dirigido al autocuidado por COVID-19 en el contexto del riesgo biológico inherente a la interacción con los diversos actores académicos dada la modalidad presencial de estudio, considerando la evidencia científica y los lineamientos gubernamentales para el sector educativo. Posterior a la revisión y validación de un panel de 9 expertos, se establecieron 15 temáticas distribuidas en 5 dimensiones, haciendo uso de recursos virtuales científicos y académicos. Para explorar los efectos del modelo instruccional en el desarrollo de las competencias de los estudiantes, 43 de ellos fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo donde se aplicaron estrategias lúdicas adicionales de acuerdo al Entorno Virtual Sincrónico (EVS) mientras que los 43 restantes recibieron actividades lúdicas propias del Entorno Virtual Asincrónico (EVA)., el análisis de los procesos evaluativos de ambos entornos permite considerar que los estudiantes adscritos al EVS lograron desarrollar mejores actitudes y prácticas en 4 de las 5 competencias planteadas en comparación a los alumnos del EVA, diferencia que fue estadísticamente significativa en la práctica de las competencias actuar ante la COVID-19 (x2=4,898; p=0,027), replicar el autocuidado en el entorno y la comunidad (x2=7,609; p=0,006) y aplicar medidas para prevenir la transmisión, tanto en su componente actitudinal (x2=3,938; p=0,047) como práctico (x2=7,609; p=0,006). Se propone que el EVS permite un mejor desarrollo de las competencias en los programas de salud
Innovación Educativa: Aprendizaje lúdico para el control de arbovirosis
Authors: Almidón Ortiz Carlos Alcides , Vargas Aquije Jorge Amador , Mariño Arroyo Janeth Bertha
Published: January 2022

Las arboviroris, son enfermedades transmitidas por artrópodos (insectos vectores), presentan una clínica habitual de fiebre, síntomas articulares, hemorrágicos y neurológicos. Los de mayor importancia en salud pública son el zika, dengue y chikungunya, y se transmiten a las personas principalmente por la picadura de un mosquito de la especie Aedes. Para resolver la falta de información en la población joven para el control y prevención de estas enfermedades vectoriales se plantea utilizar nuevas estrategias pedagógicas y tecnologías lúdicas, como los videojuegos, para una innovación educativa que promueva el aprendizaje. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva de cohorte transversal, en escolares de 5 y 6 grado, en tres colegios primarios, de la capital de la República del Perú. La muestra estuvo integrada por un total de 288 escolares y fue dividida en cuatro (4) grupos de 6 niños cada uno para la aplicación de la innovación educativa, asignados como: (ETE), (CIE 1), (CIE 2) y (CIE 3). La evaluación del conocimiento, hábitos y aceptación de los métodos se ejecutó pre y post-intervención, midiéndose mediante encuestas. Por consiguiente luego de los resultados en promedio post-intervención se concluyó que la captación de conocimientos y generación de hábitos fueron mayores para los grupos que utilizaron los videojuegos como innovación educativa lúdica, siendo el videojuego interactivo “Pica el Aedes”, el que obtuvo el mayor porcentaje de aprendizaje. Sin embargo el videojuego interactivo “Pueblo Pitanga, enemigos silenciosos” fue el que obtuvo la mayor aceptación por parte de los escolares.
El reto de la tecnología en la lucha contra la infodemia por COVID-19
Authors: Baldeón Tovar Magno Teófilo , Sinche Crispín Fernando Viterbo , Landeo Quispe Alex Sandro , Almidón Ortiz Carlos Alcides , Medina Pelaiza Luz Edga
Published: January 2022

Se realizó una investigación para conocer el efecto del uso tecnología en la lucha contra la infodemia por COVID-19, mediante búsquedas en Google Trends, usando hashtags de tendencias de Google e Instagram, entre los meses de enero a junio 2020. La búsqueda consistió en el uso de hashtags de tendencias o apodos de la nomenclatura oficial sobre SARS–CoV-2 y COVID-19. Para determinar la gravedad de los diversos apodos infodémicos que circulan en Internet, se utilizó la mediana de los puntajes individuales aportados por 5 expertos en bibliotecología digital, valores que posteriormente fueron totalizados para generar la escala infodémica (escala) que va de 0 (mínimo) a 10 (máximo). La mayor parte de información pesquizada en esos períodos consistió en fuentes genéricas o no oficiales; en contraste se destacó en las búsquedas específicas con un término no infodémico, “COVID-19”. De este grupo, 5 fueron sostenidas en el tiempo (sin punto de ruptura) y 11 con punto de ruptura, es decir, que incrementó su volumen relativo con respecto al período anterior. El reto de la tecnología es inducir a la población al uso de la terminología oficial de eventos sanitarios en la búsqueda de información, noticias y conocimientos en la web, evitando así la infodemia y sus consecuencias
Calidad del Sistema de Gestión de los Servicios de Salud en la red asistencial amazónica Tarapoto
Authors: Rivas Mendoza Johan Ruben , Sinche Crispín Fernando Viterbo
Published: January 2022

La atención de salud de óptima calidad es fundamental para atender los requerimientos sanitarios de zonas vulnerables, incluyendo la prevención y el control de las enfermedades desatendidas, tropicales y transmitidas por vectores, presentes en las regiones amazónicas como la provincia San Martín y su capital, Tarapoto. La investigación se realizó en un diseño no experimental, con enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo y corte transversal, entre mayo de 2019 y enero de 2020. El universo que se estableció para dicha investigación fue el sector de asegurados de la red Asistencial de Tarapoto EsSalud, que en el año 2019 estaba conformado por 118.672 personas. Se consideró una población de 1.722 pacientes del Hospital II Tarapoto, adscrito a la red Asistencial EsSalud, cuya atención se relacionó con eventos de vigilancia epidemiológica, según los reportes de la Oficina de Inteligencia Sanitaria de esta entidad de ese mismo año. El análisis del instrumento aplicado a los 318 voluntarios dentro de este grupo, permitió establecer la percepción de la calidad del servicio de la red. Tomando en cuenta las 5 dimensiones de la calidad en la atención a los pacientes, se evidenciaron fallas en la capacidad de respuesta (50,8%) y fiabilidad (57,3%) de la red asistencial Tarapoto. La empatía obtuvo una puntuación equivalente al 65,1%, cercano a los 67,6% de la dimensión seguridad. Los elementos tangibles fueron los mejor calificados por los usuarios, con una proporción de 68,1%.