bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Movie 2 from Changes in Aged Fibroblast Lipid Metabolism Induce Age-Dependent Melanoma Cell Resistance to Targeted Therapy via the Fatty Acid Transporter FATP2
Authors: Alicea Gretchen M. , Rebecca Vito W. , Goldman Aaron R. , Fane Mitchell E. , Douglass Stephen M. , Behera Reeti , Webster Marie R. , Kugel Curtis H. , Ecker Brett L. , Caino M. Cecilia , Kossenkov Andrew V. , Tang Hsin-Yao , Frederick Dennie T. , Flaherty Keith T. , Xu Xiaowei , Liu Qin , Gabrilovich Dmitry I. , Herlyn Meenhard , Blair Ian A. , Schug Zachary T. , Speicher David W. , Weeraratna Ashani T.
Published: April 2023

Aged BODIPY-C12 fibroblasts with GFP-tagged melanoma cells
Supplementary Figure S4 from Interethnic Differences in Bladder Cancer Incidence and the Association Between Type 2 Diabetes and Bladder Cancer in the Multiethnic Cohort Study
Authors: Bogumil David , Cortessis Victoria K. , Wilkens Lynne R , Le Marchand Loic , Haiman Christopher A , Maskarinec Gertraud , Setiawan Veronica Wendy
Published: April 2023

Supplemental Figure 4: Response rates to follow-up questionnaire among MEC participants who returned the baseline questionnaire
and were alive for each respective survey by race/ethnicity. As an example, on the 3rd questionnaire, 44.3% of living African American
participants returned a questionnaire. Bar heights shorten based on number of participants alive during the survey collection period.
QX: Questionnaire.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Interethnic Differences in Bladder Cancer Incidence and the Association Between Type 2 Diabetes and Bladder Cancer in the Multiethnic Cohort Study
Authors: Bogumil David , Cortessis Victoria K. , Wilkens Lynne R , Le Marchand Loic , Haiman Christopher A , Maskarinec Gertraud , Setiawan Veronica Wendy
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 1: MEC participant exclusion, showing removal of participants based on data missingness.
Supplemental Figure 6 from Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Preoperative Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy in Patients with Early-onset Rectal Cancer
Authors: Badesha Jasleen K. , Zhou Marilyn , Arif Arif A. , Gill Sharlene , Speers Caroline , Peacock Michael , De Vera Mary A. , Stuart Heather C. , Brown Carl J. , Donellan Fergal , Loree Jonathan M.
Published: April 2023

Supplemental Figure 6. Disease-specific disease-free survival (DSDFS) for early-stage rectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy with non-colorectal deaths censored (DSDFS).
Data from Interethnic Differences in Bladder Cancer Incidence and the Association between Type 2 Diabetes and Bladder Cancer in the Multiethnic Cohort Study
Authors: Bogumil David , Cortessis Victoria K. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Le Marchand Loïc , Haiman Christopher A. , Maskarinec Gertraud , Setiawan Veronica Wendy
Published: April 2023

Background:
Research on the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and bladder cancer (BCA) risk among non-European ancestry populations is sparse to nonexistent, and most prior studies rely on a single baseline assessment of T2D status.
Methods:
We estimated the T2D-BCA association using the Multiethnic Cohort Study of 185,059 men and women in California and Hawaii. Participants were African American, European American, Japanese American, Latin American, and Native Hawaiian, ages 45–75 years at enrollment (1993–1996). T2D was assessed by self-report at baseline, follow-up surveys, and Medicare claims. Cases were identified using Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program cancer registries through 2016. Associations were estimated by race/ethnicity using Cox proportional hazards regression. Adjusted attributable fractions (AAF) and cumulative absolute risk of bladder cancer were estimated across groups.
Results:
Over an average 19.7 years of follow-up 1,890 incident bladder cancer cases were diagnosed. Time-varying T2D was associated with bladder cancer in the multiethnic sample (HR = 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.30); however, the HR did not differ by race/ethnicity (P = 0.85). The AAF was 4.2% in the multiethnic sample and largest among Native Hawaiians (9.8%). Absolute risk of bladder cancer among European Americans without T2D was higher than all other groups with T2D.
Conclusion:
T2D is significantly associated with bladder cancer risk in a multiethnic sample.
Significance:
Those with T2D have higher incidence of bladder cancer, regardless of racial/ethnic group. Reducing T2D prevalence could substantially lower bladder cancer incidence among Native Hawaiians due to T2D being more common in this group. High absolute risk of bladder cancer among European Americans, regardless of T2D status, indicates that elevated bladder cancer risk in this group may be due to factors other than T2D. Future studies must explore reasons for this difference in incidence.
CPNM con carcinomatosis linfangítica: La utilización de imágenes de medicina nuclear ayudan en la toma de decisiones para el tratamiento
Authors: Sánchez-Ríos Carla Paola
Published: April 2023

Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis (PLC) is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We sought to determine prognostic value of pretherapeutic fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in NSCLC with radiologically diagnosed PLC. We retrospectively reviewed 50 NSCLC patients with radiologically diagnosed PLC. Among eight clinical variables and five imaging parameters, metabolic PLC burden, which represents the overall tumor burden of PLC, and PLC, which represents the location and extent of PLC in a three-grade system, were used. In multivariate analyses for progression-free survival, metabolic PLC burden (P = 0.0181), PLC (P = 0.0401), and clinical stage (P = 0.0284) were identified as independent prognostic factors. High metabolic PLC burden had a worse prognosis, and the prognosis of cPLC3 was significantly worse than that of cPLC1 or cPLC2. In univariate analyses for overall survival, only age (P = 0.0073) was identified a prognostic factor. In conclusion, FDG PET/CT parameters were identified as independent prognostic factors in NSCLC with radiologically diagnosed PLC. Furthermore, a combination of anatomical and metabolic information about PLC obtained using FDG PET/CT provides insight into the overall tumor burden of PLC and is useful in predicting prognosis.
O efeito da rizotomia dorsal seletiva no quadro clínico e nos cuidados diários de crianças com paralisia cerebral espástica
Authors: Jucá Renata Viana Brígido de Moura , Jucá Carlos Eduardo Barros , Caldas Carla Andrea Tanuri , Ioriatti Enrico Salomão , Baptista Cyntia Rogean de Jesus Alves de , Machado Hélio Rubens
Published: April 2023

A espasticidade acarreta diversos comprometimentos motores e funcionais para a criança, dificultando o posicionamento e os cuidados de higiene. É de fundamental importância, portanto, o estudo da associação de intervenções cirúrgicas e tratamentos fisioterapêuticos que proporcionem controle da espasticidade. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da Rizotomia Dorsal Seletiva (RDS) no quadro clínico de crianças espásticas e na realização dos cuidados diários. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 7 crianças com espasticidade, GMFCS de 4 a 5, de 5 a 11 anos de idade. Antes e depois da cirurgia, os seguintes dados foram avaliados: grau de espasticidade dos grupos musculares adutores do quadril e isquiotibiais nos membros inferiores e para o grupo flexor do cotovelo nos membros superiores (escala de Ashworth Modificada); medida do ângulo poplíteo unilateral e bilateral, do ângulo de abdução do quadril e de dorsiflexão do tornozelo com goniometria. Além disso, foi aplicado questionário às famílias para avaliar o grau de dificuldade para os cuidados diários e o grau de satisfação após a RDS. Conclusões: Houve redução da espasticidade no pós-operatório em todos os grupos musculares testados, em todos os pacientes. Houve alteração significativa da goniometria para o ângulo poplíteo bilateral (p<0,05). Das 7 famílias questionadas, 6 (85,7%) relataram melhora para o posicionamento, alimentação, higiene e facilidade para vestir e instalar órteses. Desse modo, a RDS mostra-se uma opção para o tratamento de casos de espasticidade refratária ao tratamento clínico em crianças com PC quadriespásticas graves, mostrando-se capaz de melhorar a qualidade de vida delas e de seus cuidadores.
Avaliação da marcha em paciente com paralisia cerebral submetido à estimulação elétrica dos compartimentos anterior e lateral da perna
Authors: Fernandes Tiago Lazzaretti , Lima Klévia Bezerra , Santos-Silva Paulo Roberto , Oshiro Milton Seigui , Paula Adilson de
Published: April 2023

Crianças com lesão do neurônio motor superior possuem déficits funcionais desafiadores. As alterações de marcha são conseqüências da espasticidade, padrão primitivo locomotor, pobre controle motor central e controle debilitado da propriocepção. O objetivo do presente estudo é mostrar os benefícios da eletroestimulação no padrão da marcha do paciente com paralisia cerebral através do laboratório de marcha e teste ergoespirométrico. Método: Paciente do grupo de Neuro-Ortopedia do IOT HC-FMUSP, sexo feminino, 24 anos, estudante, portadora de paralisia cerebral do tipo diplégico espástico, deambuladora comunitária e pés eqüinos flexíveis. Equipamento de análise de marcha: HAWK, Motion Analysis Corporation. Analisador metabólico CPX-D, Medgraphics, EUA. Estimulador elétrico modelo EEF-4, Lynx Tecnologia. Frequência de estímulo de 20Hz, ON/OFF 5s/10s, 40min, 3X/semana por 1,5 meses nos compartimentos anterior e lateral das pernas. Resultado: dorsiflexão fase de balanço pé direito e esquerdo anterior ao estímulo: 2,12º e -0,17º, respectivamente. Após 1,5 meses do término do protocolo: dorsiflexão pé direito=7,54º, dorsiflexão pé esquerdo=5,31º. Ergoespirometria: Aumento do tempo de tolerância ao exercício (TT) em 194%, PO2 em 50%, VO2 em 17% e economia energética relativa a 22% da FC. Conclusão: a estimulação elétrica da perna pode ser responsável por alterações na cinemática não só do tornozelo, mas de todo o membro inferior, influenciando o padrão da marcha e a condição cardiopulmonar do paciente com paralisia cerebral.
Distrofia muscular congênita merosina negativa: um relato de caso
Authors: Heinz Maria Caroline , Santos Cristina Maria , Silveira Karoline , Santos Schivinski Camila Isabel
Published: April 2023

A Distrofia muscular laminin subunit alpha 2 (DM LAMA2) é caracterizada pela deficiência da proteína da cadeia laminina α2, apresentando sintomas distróficos que progridem na infância. Objetivo: Apresentar dados da avaliação fisioterapêutica de uma criança com DM LAMA2 em acompanhamento ambulatorial. Métodos: Pesquisou-se em prontuário dados referentes às avaliações fisioterapêuticas de uma criança de 12 anos com diagnóstico de DM LAMA2 atendida em ambulatório especializado. A avaliação caracterizou-se por ausculta pulmonar, espirometria, verificação de parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios, análise do pico de fluxo de tosse (PFT), força muscular respiratória (FMR) e avaliação motora através da escala MFM-32. Resultados: Realizou-se três avaliações durante 9 meses. A paciente possui doença pulmonar restritiva, na primeira avaliação apresentou VEF1= 29% na espirometria e, comparando com a terceira avaliação obteve aumento de 1%, também houve aumento de 2% na relação VEF1/CVF, 5% no PEF e 11% no FEF25-75%. Na FMR, obteve-se valores de PImáx= 17,9% e PEmáx= 7,13% na primeira avaliação com aumento de 16,85% e 5,34% respectivamente, entre primeira e terceira avaliação. O PFT manteve-se em 0L/min em todas avaliações. Na primeira avaliação motora pontuou 25% no escore total da escala MFM-32, aumentando 3,12% na terceira avaliação. Ao longo do acompanhamento iniciou-se o uso da VNI noturna e introduzida a técnica de AS, buscando correção da hipoxemia, apneias noturnas, aumento do PFT e FMR. Conclusão: Paciente apresentou manutenção de parâmetros espirométricos, aumento de variáveis de FMR e função motora, sem piora do quadro. Possíveis resultados decorridos do acompanhamento multiprofissional e especializado.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Belo Horizont, Brazil between 2010 and 2020: a clinical epidemiological study
Authors: Harriman Myllena , Carneiro Morais Lucas , Porto Pessoa Bruno , Polese Janaine Cunha
Published: April 2023

Objective: To describe the clinical profile of individuals with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) from a reference hospital in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Method: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study with data collection from electronic medical records of individuals with a defined diagnosis of ALS between 2010 and 2020, in the Muscular Dystrophies reference sector of a hospital in a Brazilian capital. Results: A total of 103 individuals with ALS were included, with a mean age of 60±12 years, mean diagnostic age 56±12 years, and mean time of disease progression of 3±3 years. Furthermore, 70% were male, 88% with sporadic ALS, with a similar bulbar involvement between mild (32%), moderate (27%) and severe (28%), and with a higher rate of diagnosis from 50 to 70 years of age. Conclusion: The epidemiological data from this study are very similar to those in the literature. However, the heterogeneity of the disease, the complexity of the diagnosis and the diversity of forms that each study brings to the disease, and especially the rapid progression, make a more extensive picture difficult to be discussed. Tracing this profile is important for a more focused clinic and a more adequate management, and for that, further studies are needed.
Peso ao nascer e densidade mineral óssea aos 18–19 anos: coorte de nascimentos 1997–1998
Authors: Araújo Allanne Pereira , Barbosa Janaina Maiana Abreu , Carvalho Carolina Abreu de , Viola Poliana Cristina de Almeida Fonseca , Ribeiro Cecilia Claudia Costa , Batista Rosangela Fernandes Lucena , Simões Vanda Maria Ferreira
Published: April 2023

OBJETIVO: Analisar a associação entre o peso ao nascer e a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) na adolescência. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte de nascimentos em São Luís, Maranhão, utilizando dados de dois momentos: ao nascimento e aos 18–19 anos. A exposição foi o peso ao nascer em gramas, analisado de forma contínua. O desfecho foi a DMO, utilizando o índice Z-escore (corpo inteiro) medido pela densitometria por dupla emissão de raios X (DEXA). Foi construído modelo teórico em gráficos acíclicos direcionados para identificar o conjunto mínimo de variáveis de ajuste – renda familiar, a mãe saber ler e escrever à época do nascimento, realização de pré-natal, tabagismo durante a gestação e paridade – para avaliar a associação entre o peso ao nascer e a densidade mineral óssea na adolescência. Utilizou-se regressão linear múltipla no software Stata 14.0. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: Dos 2.112 adolescentes, 8,2% apresentaram baixo peso ao nascer e 2,8% apresentaram DMO considerada baixa para a idade. O Z-escore médio de corpo inteiro foi de 0,19 (± 1,00). O maior peso ao nascer foi associado de forma linear e direta aos valores de DMO na adolescência (Coef.: 0,10; IC95% 0,02–0,18), mesmo após ajuste para as variáveis renda familiar (Coef.: -0,33; IC95% 0,66–0,03) e a mãe saber ler e escrever (Coef.: 0,23; IC95% 0,03–0,43). CONCLUSÕES: Apesar de a associação ter sido atenuada após ajuste das variáveis, o peso ao nascer está associado de forma positiva e linear à DMO na adolescência.
Eventos marcadores associados à adesão ao tratamento para HIV/aids em um estudo de coorte
Authors: Martins Rafael Steffens , Knauth Daniela Riva , Vigo Alvaro , Fisch Patrícia
Published: April 2023

OBJETIVO: Analisar como eventos clínicos e sociais podem impactar na adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral para o HIV. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo de coorte histórica com 528 pacientes que realizaram o tratamento para o HIV em um serviço de assistência especializada em Alvorada, RS. Foram analisadas 3429 consultas executadas entre os anos de 2004 e 2017. Para cada consulta, foram coletados dados de características do tratamento e do quadro clínico dos pacientes. A adesão, aferida pelo autorrelato dos pacientes, foi o desfecho do estudo. O modelo de regressão logística via equações de estimação generalizadas foi utilizado para estimação das associações. RESULTADOS: 67,8% dos pacientes analisados possuem até 8 anos de estudos e 24,8% têm histórico de uso de crack e/ou cocaína. Entre os homens, estar assintomático [razão de chances (RC) = 1,43; IC95% 1,05–1,93], possuir mais de 8 anos de estudo (RC = 2,32; IC95% 1,27–4,23) e nunca ter usado crack (RC = 2,35; IC95% 1,20–4,57) estiveram associados à adesão. Para as mulheres, possuir mais de 24 anos (RC = 1,82; IC95% 1,09–3,02), nunca ter usado cocaína (RC = 2,54; IC95% 1,32–4,88) e estar em gestação (RC = 3,28; IC95% 1,83–5,89) aumentaram as chances de adesão. CONCLUSÕES: Além de características sociodemográficas definidas, eventos pontuais que podem ocorrer na trajetória de pacientes em tratamentos longos, como início de uma nova gestação e não apresentar sintomas, podem impactar nas chances de adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento.
Effect of antenatal class attendance on fear of childbirth and antenatal stress
Authors: Yörük Selda , Acikgoz Ayla
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of attending antenatal classes on fear of childbirth and antenatal stress in nulliparous pregnant women. METHODS: A total of 133 nulliparous pregnant women participated in the study, which had a quasi-experimental design. Data were collected by a descriptive data form, the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire, and the Antenatal Perceived Stress Inventory (APSI). RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between antenatal class attendance and having a high schooling level and an intended pregnancy (p < 0.05). The mean fear of childbirthscore of pregnant women was 85.50 ± 19.41 before the training and 76.32 ± 20.52 after the training, and the difference between these scores was significant (p < 0.01). Fear of childbirth scores were not significantly different between the intervention group and the control group. The mean APSI score of pregnant women in the intervention group was 22.32 ± 6.12 before the training and 21.79 ± 5.97 after the training. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.70). CONCLUSION: The fear of childbirth score decreased significantly in the intervention group after the training.
Prevalence of flu-like syndrome in healthcare workers in Brazil: a national study, 2020
Authors: Assunção Ada Ávila , Freguglia Ricardo da Silva , Vieira Marcel de Toledo , Marioni Larissa da Silva
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of reported symptoms of flu-like syndrome (FS) among HCW and compare HCW and non-HCW on the chance of reporting these symptoms, this study analyzed data of a population-based survey conducted in Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed with self-reported data from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD Covid-19) from May 2020. The authors analyzed a probability sample of 125,179 workers, aged 18 to 65, with monthly income lower than US$ 3 500. The variable HCW or non-HCW was the covariate of interest and having reported FS symptoms or not was the outcome variable. Authors tested interactions of HCW with other covariates. A logit model – when controlling for sociodemographic, employment, and geographic characteristics – investigated the chance of HCW reporting FS compared to non-HCW. RESULTS: HCW have a significant effect (odds ratio of 1.369) on reporting FS symptoms when compared to non-HCW. HCW account for 4.17% of the sample, with a higher frequency of FS (3.38%) than observed for non-HCW (2.43%). Female, non-white and older individuals had higher chance to report FS. CONCLUSIONS: The HCW had a higher chance of reporting symptoms than non-HCW aged over 18 years in the labor force. These results emphasize guidelines for preventive measures to reduce workplace exposures in the healthcare facilities. The prevalence is disproportionately affecting HCW women and HCW non-whites. In the regions North and Northeast the steeper progression is consistent with the hypothesis of socioeconomic factors, and it explains the greater prevalence in HCW and non-HCW living in those territories.
Factores de abandono al tratamiento de la tuberculosis en la red pública de salud
Authors: Perlaza Claudia Lorena , Mosquera Freiser Eceomo Cruz , Murillo Luisa Maria Ramirez , Sepulveda Valentina Becerra , Arenas Cindy Dayan Córdoba
Published: April 2023

Este estudio determina los factores de abandono al tratamiento de la tuberculosis en la red pública de salud de Cali, Colombia, durante los años 2016 a 2018. Se realizó una investigación operativa de casos y controles en la que se incluyeron 224 pacientes con tuberculosis (112 abandonaron el tratamiento y 112 lograron completarlo). Se encuentra que el abandono del tratamiento para la tuberculosis está impulsado por factores relacionados con el individuo y los servicios de salud que facilitan la no adherencia y los alejan de la atención brindada en las instituciones médicas.
Revisão sistemática sobre a atenção à saúde para travestis e transexuais no Brasil
Authors: Lima Rafael Rodolfo Tomaz de , Flor Taiana Brito Menêzes , Noro Luiz Roberto Augusto
Published: April 2023

OBJETIVO: Sintetizar evidências científicas para caracterizar a atenção à saúde para travestis e transexuais no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, conduzida de julho de 2020 a janeiro de 2021 e atualizada em setembro de 2021, cujo protocolo está registrado na plataforma International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), sob o código CRD42020188719. O levantamento das evidências foi realizado em quatro bases de dados e os artigos elegíveis foram avaliados perante a qualidade metodológica, sendo incluídos aqueles com baixo risco de viés. RESULTADOS: 15 artigos foram selecionados e os achados, de acordo com as suas aproximações temáticas, foram agrupados em seis categorias: Possibilidades para transformar a atenção à saúde; Travestifobia e transfobia: violações dentro e fora do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS); Despreparo profissional para a atenção às travestis e transexuais; Busca por alternativas para a atenção à saúde; Direito à saúde para travestis e transexuais: utopia ou realidade?; O Processo Transexualizador: avanços e desafios. CONCLUSÕES: As evidências revelam que a atenção à saúde para travestis e transexuais no Brasil ainda é excludente, fragmentada, centralizada no cuidado especializado e pautada por ações curativas, assemelhando-se aos modelos de atenção que antecedem o SUS e que são fortemente criticados desde a Reforma Sanitária Brasileira.
Autoimmune Valvular Carditis Requires Endothelial Cell TNFR1 Expression
Authors: Faragher Jessica L. , Auger Jennifer L. , Osinski Victoria , Meier Lee A. , Engelson Brianna J. , Firulyova Maria M. , Gonzalez-Torres Mayra I. , Brombacher Frank , Zaitsev Konstantin , Marath Aubyn , Binstadt Bryce A.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Inflammation is a key driver of cardiovascular pathology, and many systemic autoimmune/rheumatic diseases are accompanied by increased cardiac risk. In the K/B.g7 mouse model of coexisting systemic autoantibody-mediated arthritis and valvular carditis, valve inflammation depends on macrophage production of TNF (tumor necrosis factor) and IL-6 (interleukin-6). Here, we sought to determine if other canonical inflammatory pathways participate and to determine whether TNF signaling through TNFR1 (tumor necrosis factor receptor 1) on endothelial cells is required for valvular carditis.

Methods:

We first asked if type 1, 2, or 3 inflammatory cytokine systems (typified by IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-17, respectively) were critical for valvular carditis in K/B.g7 mice, using a combination of in vivo monoclonal antibody blockade and targeted genetic ablation studies. To define the key cellular targets of TNF, we conditionally deleted its main proinflammatory receptor, TNFR1, in endothelial cells. We analyzed how the absence of endothelial cell TNFR1 affected valve inflammation, lymphangiogenesis, and the expression of proinflammatory genes and molecules.

Results:

We found that typical type 1, 2, and 3 inflammatory cytokine systems were not required for valvular carditis, apart from a known initial requirement of IL-4 for autoantibody production. Despite expression of TNFR1 on a wide variety of cell types in the cardiac valve, deleting TNFR1 specifically on endothelial cells protected K/B.g7 mice from valvular carditis. This protection was accompanied by reduced expression of VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule), fewer valve-infiltrating macrophages, reduced pathogenic lymphangiogenesis, and diminished proinflammatory gene expression.

Conclusions:

TNF and IL-6 are the main cytokines driving valvular carditis in K/B.g7 mice. The interaction of TNF with TNFR1 specifically on endothelial cells promotes cardiovascular pathology in the setting of systemic autoimmune/rheumatic disease, suggesting that therapeutic targeting of the TNF:TNFR1 interaction could be beneficial in this clinical context.
Cross-Sectional Gene-Smoking Interaction Analysis in Relation to Subclinical Atherosclerosis-Results From the IMPROVE Study
Authors: Maitusong Buamina , Laguzzi Federica , Strawbridge Rona J. , Baldassarre Damiano , Veglia Fabrizio , Humphries Steve E. , Savonen Kai , Kurl Sudhir , Pirro Matteo , Smit Andries J. , Giral Philippe , Silveira Angela , Tremoli Elena , Hamsten Anders , de Faire Ulf , Gigante Bruna , Leander Karin ,   on behalf of the IMPROVE Study group
Published: April 2023

Background:

Smoking is associated with carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT). However, knowledge about how genetics may influence this association is limited. We aimed to perform nonhypothesis driven gene-smoking interaction analyses to identify potential genetic variants, among those included in immune and metabolic platforms, that may modify the effect of smoking on carotid intima-media thickness.

Methods:

We used baseline data from 1551 men and 1700 women, aged 55 to 79, included in a European multi-center study. Carotid intima-media thickness maximum, the maximum of values measured at different locations of the carotid tree, was dichotomized with cut point values ≥75, respectively. Genetic data were retrieved through use of the Illumina Cardio-Metabo- and Immuno- Chips. Gene-smoking interactions were evaluated through calculations of Synergy index (S). After adjustments for multiple testing,
P
values of <2.4×10
−7
for S were considered significant. The models were adjusted for age, sex, education, physical activity, type of diet, and population stratification.

Results:

Our screening of 207 586 SNPs available for analysis, resulted in the identification of 47 significant gene-smoking synergistic interactions in relation to carotid intima-media thickness maximum. Among the significant SNPs, 28 were in protein coding genes, 2 in noncoding RNA and the remaining 17 in intergenic regions.

Conclusions:

Through nonhypothesis-driven analyses of gene-smoking interactions, several significant results were observed. These may stimulate further research on the role of specific genes in the process that determines the effect of smoking habits on the development of carotid atherosclerosis.
Perspective Review of Myeloid Immune Cell Responses and Poststroke Immunosuppression
Authors: Xie Wanqing , Simats Alba , Guo Yunlu , Huang Tingting , Sun Xiaoyu , Chen Weijie , Lin Yuxuan , Wang Xin , Lai Zhongmeng , Yu Weifeng , Liesz Arthur , Li Peiying
Published: April 2023

Ischemic stroke profoundly influences the peripheral immune system, which responds quickly to brain ischemia and participates in the evolution of poststroke neuroinflammation, while a period of systemic immunosuppression ensues. Poststroke immunosuppression brings harmful consequences, including increased infection rates and escalated death. As the most abundant cell population in the fast-responding innate immune system, myeloid cells including neutrophils and monocytes play an indispensable role in systemic immunosuppression after stroke. The change in myeloid response after stroke can be regulated by circulating DAMPs (damage-associated molecular patterns) and neuromodulatory mechanisms, which contain sympathetic nervous system, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, and parasympathetic nervous system. In this review, we summarize the emerging roles and newly identified mechanisms underlying myeloid cell response in poststroke immunosuppression. Deeper understanding of the above points may pave the way for future development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat poststroke immunosuppression.
Morphological and molecular characterisation of Talanema maculatum sp. n. (Dorylaimida, Qudsianematidae) from Iran
Authors: Asgari Mohsen , Mohammadlou Mahsa , Eskandari Ali , Abolafia Joaquín , Peña-Santiago Reyes
Published: April 2023

A new species of the genus Talanema, T. maculatum sp. n., collected in a natural enclave of Iran, is characterised on the basis of morphological and molecular data. It is distinguishable by its 1.82-2.20 mm long body, lip region offset by constriction and 20-23 μm wide with perioral liplets, odontostyle 21.5-28 μm long, guiding ring double, neck 394-525 μm long, pharyngeal expansion occupying 44-49% of the total neck length, uterus tripartite and 308-441 μm long or 5.1-6.8 body diam., vulva transverse (V = 54-58), presence of abundant cuticle irregularities at the perivulval area, tail similar in both sexes, conical with a dorsal concavity (31-45 μm, c = 46-71, c′ = 0.9-1.1), spicules 70-75 μm long, and 14-18 shortly spaced ventromedian supplements ending at level of the anterior end of spicules, with hiatus. Molecular analysis of 28S-rDNA gene confirms the monophyly of Talanema and the difficulties in elucidating its external evolutionary relationships.
The identity of Nanorana yunnanensis (Anderson, 1879) from Thailand, with a description of its tadpole (Anura, Dicroglossidae)
Authors: THONGPROH PRAPAIPORN , CHUNSKUL JIDAPA , MAKCHAI SUNCHAI , COTA MICHAEL , SAFOOWONG MONGKOL , DUENGKAE PRATEEP , DUANGJAI SUTEE , THITICHAYAPORN SOMSAK , CHUAYNKERN YODCHAIY , CHUAYNKERN CHANTIP
Published: April 2023

Nanorana yunnanensis has been reported in Thailand for many years; however, no specimens have been verifiably described. To verify the identity of this species in Thailand, we observed Thai specimens formerly assigned to the species N. bourreti and N. yunnanensis. The 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and ND2 mitochondrial genes were used to clarify the taxonomic statuses of the Thai specimens. The results showed that our specimens formed a clade with N. yunnanensis, containing specimens from southern Yunnan and Vietnam. The respective mean sequence divergences of the 12S and 16S rRNA genes between populations from Thailand versus China were 0.59% and 1.09%, for populations from Thailand versus Vietnam were 0.57% and 0.61%, and for populations from China versus Vietnam were 0.59% and 1.09%. We provide descriptions of the tadpole and adult specimens of N. yunnanensis from Thailand.
Anthropogenic Climate Change Enhances the July 2021 Super-Heavy Rainfall Event in Central China
Authors: Ma Yuanyuan , Hu Zhiyuan , Li Chao , Feng Taichen , Meng Xianhong , Dong Wenjie
Published: April 2023

According to our model simulations, anthropogenic climate change enhanced the total precipitation amount during the heavy rainfall event of 19–21 July 2021 in central China by 21.3% (95% confidence interval: 16.5%–29.5%).
“You have to continue doing the work”: Black women essential workers coping amidst the dual pandemics of COVID-19 and racism
Authors: Godoy Sarah M , Dukes Lyneisha , Chapman Mimi , Day Steven , Goode Rachel W
Published: April 2023

This study sought to examine the experiences of Black women essential workers and their perspectives on wellbeing and coping during the dual pandemics of COVID-19 and structural racism. We used a qualitative approach and purposive sampling techniques to interview 22 essential workers who identified as Black women. Research took place in a large southeastern portion of the United States. Data collection included a brief demographic questionnaire and individual interviews. Thematic and content analysis were used to identify themes and quantify the types of mechanisms used to cope with the pandemics. Four themes were identified to reflect these essential workers’ experiences coping with the pandemics: pervasive distress; varied responses to emergent events; mechanisms for survival; and the persistent obligation to remain strong. Predominant coping mechanisms included the use of social support, faith and spirituality, and increased food consumption. Despite concerns related to imminent threats to their health, widespread uprisings against police brutality, and shifts in caretaking responsibilities, these women’s narratives demonstrated a persistent obligation to remain strong. Moreover, contextual factors related to their roles as essential workers and caretakers, such as others’ reliance on them, contributed to the necessity for survival and their display of strength during such turbulence. These findings highlight the emotional toll essential workers experienced while managing their work-related responsibilities and navigating caregiving roles. Future research should focus on the development of culturally relevant coping strategies to mitigate unwanted effects from pandemic-related stress and dismantling systems of oppression to improve general wellbeing for essential workers and their families.
An increase in polyadenylation of histone isoforms, Hist1h2ah and Hist2h3c2, is governed by 3′-UTR in de-differentiated and undifferentiated hepatocyte
Authors: Verma Tripti , Natu Abhiram , Khade Bharat , Gera Poonam , Gupta Sanjay
Published: April 2023

Replication-dependent histones have a stem-loop structure at the 3′ end of messenger RNA (mRNA) and are stabilized by stem-loop binding protein (SLBP). Moreover, loss of SLBP and imbalance in the level of ARE (adenylate-uridylate-rich elements)-binding proteins, HuR, and BRF1 are associated with the polyadenylation of canonical histone mRNAs under different physiological conditions. Previous studies from the lab have shown increased protein levels of H2A1H and H3.2 in N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we report that increase in the polyadenylation of histone mRNA contributes to increased levels of H2A1H and H3.2 in NDEA-induced HCC. The persistent exposure to carcinogen with polyadenylation of histone mRNA increases the total histone pool resulting in aneuploidy. The embryonic liver has also shown increased polyadenylated histone isoforms, Hist1h2ah and Hist2h3c2, primarily contributing to their increased protein levels. The increase in polyadenylation of histone mRNA in HCC and e15 are in coherence with the decrease in SLBP and BRF1 with an increase in HuR. Our studies in neoplastic CL38 cell line showed that direct stress on the cells induces downregulation of SLBP with enhanced histone isoform polyadenylation. Moreover, the polyadenylation is related to increase in activated MAP kinases, p38, ERK, and JNK in HCC liver tumor tissues and CL38 cells treated with arsenic. Our data suggest that SLBP degrades under stress, destabilizing the stem-loop, elongating histone isoforms mRNA with 3′ polyadenylated tail with increase of HuR and decrease of BRF1. Overall, our results indicate that SLBP may play an essential part in cell proliferation, at least in persistent exposure to stress, by mediating the stabilization of histone isoforms throughout the cell cycle.
Evaluating the one-time chair stand test for predicting the coronavirus disease severity in patients during hospital admission: a cohort study in Japan
Authors: Ishihara Atsushi , Yoshizane Takashi , Mori Teruki , Sasaki Yui , Hosokawa Takahiro , Suzuki Jun , Tsuzuku Akifumi , Asano Fumihiro , Noda Toshiyuki
Published: April 2023

Background

This study aimed to understand whether the one-time chair stand test (CS-1) is useful for predicting the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in 101 patients admitted to the hospital with acute respiratory failure.

Methods

This single-centered, prospective observational cohort study enrolled 101 critically ill adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who underwent the CS-1 as a dynamic evaluation tool in clinical practice between late April 2020 and October 2021. Data on demographic characteristics, symptoms, laboratory values, computed tomography findings, and clinical course after admission were collected. Furthermore, the data was compared, and the association between the intubation and non-intubation groups was determined. We also calculated the cutoff point, area under the curve (AUC), and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the change in oxygen saturation (ΔSpO2) during the CS-1.

Results

Thirty-three out of 101 patients (33%) were intubated during hospitalization. There was no significant difference in the resting SpO2 (93.3% versus 95.2%, P = 0.22), but there was a significant difference in ΔSpO2 during the CS-1 between the intubation and non-intubation groups (10.8% versus 5.5%, P < 0.01). In addition, there was a significant correlation between hospitalization and ΔSpO2 during the CS-1 (ρ = 0.60, P < 0.01). The generated cutoff point was calculated as 9.5% (AUC = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.88–1.00).

Conclusion

For COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory failure, the CS-1 performed on admission was useful for predicting the severity of COVID-19. Furthermore, the CS-1 can be utilized as a remote and simple evaluation parameter. Thus, it could have potential clinical applications in the future.
Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in the resuscitation from extreme metabolic acidosis (pH < 6.5) after drowning cardiac arrest: a case report
Authors: Chai Yueyang , Zhang Xinyi , Liu Hong
Published: April 2023

Background

Resuscitation in drowning victim with cardiac arrest is difficult because of severe metabolic acidosis and multiple organ dysfunction. There is insufficient evidence to support that veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is beneficial for patient.

Case presentation

A 44-year-old female was trapped under river when she attempted to rescue her drowning father. Furthermore, she underwent a loss of consciousness, with extreme metabolic acidosis, hypothermia and hypotension. Hence, the VV-ECMO, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and other resuscitative infusion were required. In this case, the patient did not experience any complication or neurologic deficit and reaching a complete recovery after 21 days of hospitalization.

Conclusions

Our case adds further concerns in supporting a patient with extreme metabolic acidosis (pH < 6.5) and hypothermia after severe drowning cardiac arrest, including extracorporeal life support, renal support, targeted temperature management, cerebral resuscitation, etc., due to the reversible nature of this condition.
Persistent incisional pain at 1 year after craniotomy: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Phoowanakulchai Sirima , Ida Mitsuru , Naito Yusuke , Kawaguchi Masahiko
Published: April 2023

Background

There have been few reports on persistent incisional pain at 1 year after craniotomy. Hence, this study aimed to explore the distribution of pain at 1 year after elective craniotomy and its related factors.

Methods

This retrospective study included data prospectively collected to assess postoperative functional disability. We included patients aged > 55 years at the time of recruitment for our initial study and who had complete data regarding the pain numeric rating scale (NRS) score at 1 year post craniotomy. The primary outcome was the pain NRS score, which was assessed at the postanesthetic clinic as well as at 3 months and 1 year after craniotomy. Multivariable negative binomial regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between the pain NRS score at 1 postoperative year and 12 clinically meaningful covariates. These included the Short Form-8 scores for bodily pain and mental health, with higher scores indicating better health.

Results

We analyzed data from 102 patients. The mean (95% confidence interval) pain NRS scores at the three measurement points were 2.8 (2.3–3.3), 1.2 (0.8–1.6), and 0.6 (0.3–0.8), respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that preoperative bodily pain (risk ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.88–0.98) and the pain NRS score at the postanesthetic clinic (risk ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–1.52) were associated with the risk of persistent pain at 1 postoperative year.

Conclusions

The pain score at 1 year after elective craniotomy was minor; however, preoperative bodily pain and postoperative pain scores were significantly related factors.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aortic valve replacement procedures in Germany
Authors: Heidenreich Adrian , Stachon Peter , Oettinger Vera , Hilgendorf Ingo , Heidt Timo , Rilinger Jonathan , Zehender Manfred , Westermann Dirk , von zur Mühlen Constantin , Kaier Klaus
Published: April 2023

Background

COVID-19 has caused the deferral of millions of elective procedures, likely resulting in a backlog of cases. We estimate the number of postponed surgical aortic valve replacement (sAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedures during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.

Methods

Using German national records, all isolated TAVR and sAVR procedures between 2007 and 2020 were identified. Using weekly TAVR and sAVR procedures between 2017 and 2019, we created a forecast for 2020 and compared it with the observed number of procedures in 2020.

Results

In Germany, a total of 225,398 isolated sAVR and 159,638 isolated TAVR procedures were conducted between 2007 and 2020 that were included in our analysis. The reduction in all AVR procedures (sAVR and TAVR) for the entire year 2020 was 19.07% (95%CI: 15.19–22.95%). During the first wave of the pandemic (week 12–21), the mean weekly reduction was 32.06% (23.44–40.68%) and during the second wave of the pandemic (week 41–52), the mean weekly reduction was 25.58% (14.19–36.97%). The number of sAVR procedures decreased more than the number of TAVR procedures (24.63% vs. 16.42% for the entire year 2020).

Conclusion

The first year of the COVID-19 pandemic saw a substantial postponing of AVR procedures in Germany. Postponing was higher for sAVR than for TAVR procedures and less pronounced during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Associations between polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medications with risk of falls among the elderly in Saudi Arabia
Authors: S. AlHarkan Khalid , Alsousi Safaa , AlMishqab Mujtaba , Alawami Majd , Almearaj Jaffar , Alhashim Hassan , Alamrad Hassan , M. Alghamdi Layla , Almansour Abdulelah , AlOmar Reem S.
Published: April 2023

Background

Falls are dangerous to the health of older adults and can impact their functional status leading to frailty. The use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) among older adults may lead to adverse health outcomes and increase the risk of falls. Polypharmacy increases the incidence of falls. Beers criteria by the American Geriatric Society is one of the many criteria used to detect PIMs. It assesses the appropriateness of drug prescriptions (i.e., correct dose, duration, and indications) to ensure the safety of these drugs, reducing drug interactions and decreasing the hazards of side effects. This epidemiological study aims to explore the association between polypharmacy and Beers criteria with the risk of falls in the elderly.

Method

A total of 387 outpatients aged 60 or older were interviewed in person. The patients were recruited from the University Hospital and the Family and Community Medicine Center in Khobar city, Saudi Arabia, between the period of November 2021 to March 2022. All patients were able to walk independently. The survey began by collecting patients’ demographics, gathering medication history, and asking three key questions to detect the risk of falls which was developed by the Center of Disease Control (CDC). Polypharmacy (defined as concurrent use of five or more medications) and PIMs (defined as use of one or more medications in the Beers list) were examined against risk of falls in the elderly. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate adjusted Odds Ratios (ORs).

Result

A total of 387 patients participated in the study; 62% were male, and most participants belonged to the 60 < 65 years age category (47.80%). Among all patients, 55% had a high risk of falling, and 21% of patients had fell during the past year. Polypharmacy applied to 50.90% of all patients, while Beers criteria positive group applied to 51.42%. Risk of falls and prior falls were associated with polypharmacy both before and after adjustment.

Conclusion

The results showed a significant association between risk of falls with polypharmacy and PIMs, and more than half of our study population had a high risk of falls. Of those at a higher risk, one out of five had indeed experienced a fall in the last 12 months. Higher rates of falls were associated with older aged patients, lower educational levels, female gender, and cardiovascular medications.
Molecular epidemiology of Bartonella quintana endocarditis in patients from Israel and Eastern Africa
Authors: Sato Shingo , Shapira Lev , Tasher Diana , Maruyama Soichi , Giladi Michael
Published: April 2023

Background

Bartonella quintana is an important cause of culture-negative endocarditis. Although humans have been considered as its only reservoir, recent studies showed that macaque species are also reservoirs of B. quintana. Based on multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) B. quintana strains have been classified into 22 sequence types (STs), with 7 STs exclusively found in humans. Data regarding the molecular epidemiology of B. quintana endocarditis is limited to only 3 STs identified in 4 patients from Europe and Australia. We studied B. quintana endocarditis acquired in Eastern Africa or Israel to investigate the genetic diversity and clinical relatedness of B. quintana from distinct geographic regions.

Methods

Eleven patients with B. quintana endocarditis, 6 from Eastern Africa and 5 from Israel, were studied. DNA was extracted from cardiac tissue or blood specimens and analyzed by MLST based on 9 genetic loci. An evolutionary relationship between STs was visualized by a minimum spanning tree. A phylogenetic tree was constructed with the concatenated sequences (4271 bp) of the 9 loci using the maximum-likelihood method.

Results

Six strains were classified into previously described STs while 5 strains were identified for the first time and classified into new STs 23–27 which clustered with the previously reported STs 1–7 from human strains found in Australia, France, Germany, the USA, Russia, and the former Yugoslavia, without indication of geographical structuring. ST2 was the most prevalent ST, found in 5 of 15 patients with endocarditis (33.3%). ST26 appears to be a primary founder of the human lineage.

Conclusions

The new and previously reported human STs form a single human lineage, clearly separated from the other 3 B. quintana lineages of cynomolgus, rhesus, and Japanese macaques. From evolutionary perspectives, these findings support the assumption that B. quintana has co-evolved with host species to form a host-speciation pattern. ST26 is suggested herein as a primary founder of the human lineage and may be key to explore where B. quintana had first originated; ST2 is a dominant genetic type associated with B. quintana endocarditis. To confirm these findings, additional worldwide molecular epidemiological studies are required.