bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Wear Articular Cartilage of Synovial Human Knee Joint Using Non-Newtonian Elastic Mathematical Model
Authors: Abdullah Enas Yahya , Khdhie Hala
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the wear in layers of articular cartilage was calculated, parameters effective on elastic deformation were studied in normal and diseased knee joints,   and relations between elastic deformation and squeeze film characteristics under lubrication condition  were discussed with using a mathematical model. Conferring to the results obtained, elastic deformation effects on the performance of synovial human knee joint were analyzed from medical and dynamics perspectives. Relationships between elastic deformation and wear of layers were also discussed.
Stability And Data Dependence Results For The Mann Iteration Schemes on n-Banach Space
Authors: Hamed Mustafa Mohamed , Jamil Zeana Zaki
Published: June 2020

Let  be an n-Banach space, M be a nonempty closed convex subset of , and S:Mâ†’M be a mapping that belongs to the class  mapping. The purpose of this paper is to study the stability and data dependence results of a Mann iteration scheme on n-Banach space
النظام القانوني للجرف القاري وفق قواعد القانون الدولي المعاصر
Authors: Al-Issa Talal Y. , Sabah Al-ani Mohammed Gh. , Abdulqadir Moayad M.
Published: June 2020

يتناول البحث دراسة القواعد القانونية المحددة للجرف القاري قبل إبرام اتفاقية جنيف لعام 1958 والقواعد والأسس التي اعتمدتها الاتفاقية المذكورة في تحديد الجرف القاري. وقد بين البحث المبادئ المنصفة والأبعاد المتساوية وارتباطها بعملية تحديد الجرف القاري.

وتضمن البحث في خاتمة المبحث مجموعة من النتائج مع مجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات.
Crush is superior to Culotte in two-stent strategy for treatment of left main coronary artery bifurcations: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Xiao-Rui Chen, MD , Cui Di-Yu , Chen Yun-Qing Chen, MD, PhD , Niu Tie-Sheng
Published: June 2020

Purpose: Crush and Culotte techniques have been used increasingly to treat

patients with complex unprotected left main coronary artery bifurcation lesions.

This article compares published data on these two techniques.

Methods: Databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang Data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched for articles published before Aug 21, 2019 to identify all relevant studies on left main coronary artery bifurcation lesions treated by Crush versus Culotte techniques. The pooled data were analyzed using either fixed- or random-effects model depending on heterogeneity (assessed via the I2 index). The endpoints were major adverse cardiac events, target lesion revascularization, cardiac death, stent thrombosis, myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularization.

Results: Eight articles with a total of 1,283 patients were included, and 710 patients were treated with Crush, and 573 ones with Culotte. Crush group was trend to decreased major adverse cardiac event compared with Culotte group [Relative ratio (RR) 0.63,95% confidence interval(CI) 0.39-1.04, I2 =72.7%], mainly driven by decreased cardiac death [RR 0.49, 95% CI(0.25-0.99), I2 =0%], decreased myocardial infarction [RR 0.40, 95% CI(0.21-0.76), I2 =21.6%],and lower stent thrombosis [RR 0.39, 95% CI(0.16-0.98), I2 =39.4%]. There was no significant difference in target lesion revascularization and target vessel revascularization between Crush and Culotte [RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.46-1.28, I2=61.1%; RR 0.78, 95% CI (0.30-2.02), I2 =73.1%, respectively].

Conclusion: Crush was superior to Culotte for treatment of left main coronary artery bifurcation lesions with a trend of lower incidence of long-term major adverse cardiac events, mainly derived from decreased myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and cardiac death.
Role of spleen-derived CD11b+Gr-1+ cells in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Cao Yuhan , Xu Qiancheng Xu, MD , Liu Can , Fu Cong
Published: June 2020

Purpose: CD11b+Gr-1+ cells play a key role in inflammation and the purpose

of this study was to determine whether splenic CD11b+Gr-1+ cells are

mobilized to the kidney and lead to acute kidney injury during sepsis.

Methods: The sepsis model was generated via cecum ligation and puncture

(CLP). The mice were randomly distributed into control, sham operated, CLP

and CLP+splenectomy (CLPS) groups (n=5–10/group). The percentage of

CD11b+Gr-1+ cells in circulating, bone marrow and spleen were determined.

Plasma concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, creatinine (Cr) and

neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin were measured. CD11b+Gr-1+ cells

were detected by immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE)

and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl

transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) were performed.

Expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), hypoxia-inducible

factor-1α (HIF-1α) and cleaved caspase-3 was measured.

Results: The percentage of CD11b+Gr-1+ cells in blood was significantly

higher in the CLP group and lower in CLPS group. CD11b+Gr-1+ cells in the

spleen were significantly lower in the CLP group. In the CLP group, the plasma

concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, Cr and neutrophil gelatinaseassociated

lipocalin were higher. The expression of Gr-1 and CD11b were

higher in CLP. The CD11b+Gr-1+ cells were detected in the kidneys of the

CLP group. HE, PAS and TUNEL showed inflammatory cell infiltration and

cell apoptosis in CLP. Western blot indicated dephosphorylation of mTOR,

down-expression of HIF-1α and increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 in

sepsis kidney.

Conclusion: Splenic CD11b+Gr-1+ cells migrated to the kidney in sepsis,

which led to acute kidney injury via the inhibition of mTOR/HIF-1α.
Prediksi Laju Pembentukan Air Asam Tambang dengan Metode Column Leaching Test
Authors: Ramli Muhammad , Situru Nur Ilham , Thamrin Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Prediction of Acid Mine Drainage Forming using Method of Column Leaching Test. One of the environmental problems in coal mining activities is the formation of acid mine drainage. Prediction of the formation of acid mine drainage is important as an effort to control environmental impacts. Acid mine water occurs with interactions between potentially acid-forming material with oxygen, bacteria and water. Objective of study is to analyze the potential for acid mine drainage forming based on material characteristics. The research method was carried out using static and kinetic tests. The static test method classifies materials according to the ability to produce clean acids with observed parameters such as paste pH, total sulfur, Acid Neutralizing Capacity (ANC), Net Acid Generation (NAG), Maximum Potential Acid (MPA), and Net Acid Producing Potential (NAPP). The Kinetic test method predicts the rate of acid-forming of a material. The kinetic test uses the Column Leaching Test Method by using material with composition designed to represent field condition. The kinetic method parameters are pH, electrical conductivity, acidity, alkalinity, sulfate content, and dissolved metal content (Fe, Mn, and Cd). Results of the static test classified the material into NAF Non-Acid Forming (NAF), Potential Acid Forming (PAF) and Uncertain (UC) material categories. The results of the Column Leaching Method classified the material into categories of potential and no potential to form acid mine water. The columns that have the potential to form acid mine drainage occur in columns with large amounts of tonnage of PAF material or those in the upper layer so that it reacts with oxygen. The columns that have no potential to produce acid mine drainage in columns with PAF material are in the middle layer or mixed with NAF material.
PENYULUHAN HUKUM TENTANG PERGESERAN SISTEM PEMIDANAAN TERHADAP ANAK YANG BERHADAPAN DENGAN HUKUM DI SETDA WONOGIRI
Authors: Sutrasno S Andi
Published: June 2020

The effect of time development is, among others, the prevalent crime committed by children. Social change encourages the change of behavior within society, and the change of law, particularly about juvenile court. There is a shift of condemnation values from repressive to restitutive. Public should acquire this knowledge adequately to prevent misconception from occurring. This community service activity is expected to improve the people’s knowledge on the change of legislation governing the child dealing with criminal case. The elucidation of law or legal counseling is conducted using lecturing and discussion approaches. The public should acquire this knowledge adequately, to prevent misconception from occurring. Child in conflict with law, thereafter called the Child is the one aged more than 12 (twelve) years, but less than 18 (eighteen) years suspected to perpetrate crime. The fundamental change occurs in the condemnation system against the child, that is, the diversion process that should be attempted first, at investigation, prosecution, or justice level. The general justice process is conducted when diversion process attempted fails. The shift of child condemnation system from repressive to restitutive one should consider the presence of recidive crime committed by child as the rationale to resolve the case.   Keywords: Child, restorative justice, restitutive AbstrakSalah satu dampak dari perkembangan jaman adalah maraknya kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh anak. Perubahan sosial menjadi pendorong terjadinya perubahan perilaku dalam masyarakat, demikian juga terhadap perubahan hukum, khususnya tentang peradilan pidana anak. Terjadi pergeseran nilai pemidanaan dari represif ke restitutif. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat terkait dengan perubahan peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang anak yang tersangkut perkara pidana. Pelaksanaan penyuluhan hukum dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan pendekatan ceramah dan diskusi. Masyarakat luas harus mendapatkan pengetahuan ini secara memadai, supaya tidak terjadi kesalahpahaman. Anak yang Berkonflik dengan Hukum, yang selanjutnya disebut Anak adalah anak yang telah berumur 12 (dua belas) tahun, tetapi belum berumur 18 (delapan belas) tahun yang diduga melakukan tindak pidana. Perubahan yang mendasar dalam sistem pemidanaan terhadap anak yakni adanya proses diversi yang harus diupayakan terlebih dahulu, baik ditingkat penyidikan, penuntutan, maupun peradilan. Proses peradilan umum dilakukan ketika proses diversi yang diupayakan mengalami kegagalan. Terjadinya pergeseran sistem pemidanaan terhadap anak dari represif ke restitutif harus memperhatikan adanya pengulangan (recidive) tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak sebagai dasar penyelesaian perkara.Kata Kunci : Anak, restorative justice, restitutif.
The Transfer of Ownership Rights of Bengkok Land Through Land Swap Agreements
Authors: Budiman Haris , Dialog Bias Lintang , Mintarsih Mimin
Published: June 2020

The process of transferring bengkok land ownership rights through land swap agreements is frequently done, but due to lack of understanding of the legislations, the transfer of land rights often experiences various problems. This study aims to find out the mechanism of transferring bengkok land ownership rights through land swap agreements based on the legislations as well as the process of certifying bengkok land into proprietary land. This descriptive-analytic study applied an empirical juridical approach. The results showed that the mechanism of transferring bengkok land ownership rights through land swap agreements in Kuningan District is regulated in Kuningan District Regulation No. 44 of 2017 concerning Management of Village Assets. Meanwhile, the process of certifying bengkok land into proprietary land is regulated in Article 17 of Government Regulation No. 27 of 2014 concerning Management of State/Regional Property. In conclusion, the process of transferring land ownership rights, especially state-owned land, shall to be done in a written form and is based on the applicable legislation.�Peralihan Hak Milik Tanah Bengkok Melalui Perjanjian Tukar Guling�Proses peralihan hak milik tanah bengkok melalui perjanjian tukar guling sering dilakukan namun karena ketidak pahaman terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, peralihan hak milik atas tanah tersebut mengalami berbagai permasalahan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui mekanisme peralihan tanah bengkok melalui perjanjian tukar guling menurut perundang-undangan dan proses pensertifikatan tanah bengkok menjadi tanah hak milik. Jenis penelitian deskriptif-analistis dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian mengemukakan bahwa Mekanisme peralihan tanah bengkok melalui perjanjian tukar guling di Kabupaten Kuningan diatur dalam Peraturan Bupati Kuningan Nomor 44 Tahun 2017 tentang Pengelolaan Aset Desa dan Proses pensertifikatan tanah bengkok menjadi tanah hak milik diatur dalam Pasal 17 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 27 Tahun 2014 adalah pengalihan kepemilikan barang negara/daerah. Kesimpulannya Dalam proses perjanjian tukar menukar tanah terutama tanah milik negara perlunya dilakukan secara tertulis dan sesuai dengan peraturan perundangan yang berlaku.
Fascínios e temores: desafios éticos às novas tecnologias midiáticas
Authors: Guareschi Pedrinho Arcides
Published: June 2020

Trata de aprofundar a reflexão sobre as complexidades existentes nas relações entre os avanços científicos trazidos pelas novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação e as questões éticas nelas implicadas. Pressupõe-se que a dimensão ética é uma implicação da qual nenhuma religião pode abrir mão. A investigação inicia com uma contextualização da problemática a partir dos estudos mais recentes que discutem a ética da comunicação. Num segundo passo são analisados alguns exemplos que ilustram os confrontos e as possíveis consequências éticas que a falta de reflexão sobre essa área e a ausência de regulamentação podem acarretar. Ao final são discutidas algumas sugestões e possíveis alternativas que possam evitar dando ênfase a uma educação crítica. Consideram-se, de um lado, os sérios prejuízos que as mídias podem causar a seus usuários e, de outro lado, como colocar as extraordinárias conquistas conseguidas pelas novas tecnologias da comunicação a serviço de todos os seres humanos.
The Ethical Dimension of Liturgy according to Paul Ricœur: A Liturgical Reading of “Amour et justice”
Authors: Quesada-Rodríguez Francisco
Published: June 2020

In a community of faith called Church, liturgy supposes sacred times and spaces where people of God celebrate the mystery of Christ. But more than a celebration, liturgy is an ethical configuration of the person, who listens the words narratively and perceives the symbols esthetically, with the mystery of Christ’s life that reveals God and man at the same time. In order to understand liturgy, according to this central subject that is accepted academically in systematic theology and liturgical studies, we propose to consider the ethical dimension of faith as an anthropological mediation of the mystery celebrated in the worship. At the same time, to develop our research, we analyze in liturgical terms the book titled Amour et justice written by Paul Ricœur, considering the place of the Holy Scripture, especially the meaning of narratives of prophetical vocations in the configuration of the person, taking up his previous book Soi-meme comme un autre as a hermeneutical reference to understand the testimony and affirmation of the person, who goes from narratives to action in the praxis, that is to say to “the ontology of action”.
Culturas urbanas e teologias
Authors: Aquino Júnior Francisco de
Published: June 2020

A sociedade brasileira se tornou, nas últimas décadas, uma sociedade urbana. De acordo com o Censo de 2010, 84,4% da população brasileira é urbana, isto é, vive em cidades. E isso tem muitas consequências para a vivência da fé e para a missão da Igreja. A começar pela compreensão do urbano e da expressão urbana da fé e da Igreja.
Teologias e culturas urbanas num contexto plural
Authors: Brighenti Agenor
Published: June 2020

Questão crucial para a relação entre teologia e cidade é perguntar-se se existe, hoje, culturas urbanas. Poder-se-ia argumentar que sim, pois na cidade existe um modo urbano de viver e, consequentemente, há sujeitos urbanos e cultura urbana. Entretanto, o fato de quase 90% da população, sobretudo no Ocidente, viver na cidade revela que a resposta não é assim tão óbvia. A urbanização maciça da humanidade é fruto da revolução industrial que, desempregando os pequenos artesãos no campo e precisando de mão de obra na cidade, provocou a emigração do rural para o urbano.
Sarcomatous Transformation of Unicentric Calcaneal Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Sharma Garima , Saxena Sudhir , Subbaih A. Venkat
Published: June 2020

Vascular origin tumors of bone are rare entities. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare tumor representing <1% of primary bone tumors and is considered a low to intermediate grade malignancy. Literature describes cases which were either a part of multicentric disease or were metastatic. In this study, we reported a case of a 23-year-old female with biopsy-proven EHE with prior history of resection, presenting with recurrence of disease. Radiographs showed a lytic lesion involving the left calceneum and other tarsal bones with extensive soft-tissue component. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an ill-defined, enhancing, lobular, and lytic lesion with adjacent soft-tissues component. Computed tomography confirmed extensive destruction of the involved tarsal bones. EHE is treated with wide surgical excision and recurrence is rare; however, our case presented with recurrence as well as thoracic metastasis which posed a great clinical challenge. The patient was treated with below knee amputation and was given subsequent radiotherapy. The main aim of this study is to revisit the clinicopathological aspects as well as the spectral behavior of vascular bone tumors.
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (Stoneman Syndrome) – A Rare Skeletal Dysplasia
Authors: Dhivakar M. , Prakash Anjali , Garg Anju , Agarwal Ayush
Published: June 2020

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an extremely rare skeletal dysplasia with characteristic imaging and clinical findings, which includes bilateral hallux valgus, monophalangic great toes with short and stout first metatarsals, heterotopic ossification of muscles and connective tissues, short broad femoral necks, pseudo exostoses, short and stout first metacarpals, C2-C7 facet joint fusion, large posterior elements, and tall narrow vertebral bodies.

We present a case of an 8-year-old male child who came with complaints of multiple progressive hard swellings over the neck, chest, and abdomen with restriction of movements for a duration of 2 years and deformity of great toe on both sides since birth. On clinical examination, the patient had multiple non-tender hard bony swellings in neck, chest, and abdominal wall with bilateral hallux valgus deformity. Radiographic examination revealed well- defined rib-like ectopic osseous outgrowths in the posterior aspect of neck, soft tissues of chest and abdominal wall, bilateral hallux valgus, monophalangic great toe and short first metatarsals with normal cervical vertebral bodies, posterior elements, short first metacarpals bilaterally, and pseudo exostoses in medial aspect of upper one-third of both tibia. With the above classic findings, the diagnosis of FOP was made. Early diagnosis of the condition is very important in these cases as intramuscular injections, biopsies, and trivial trauma can exacerbate the condition with painful flare-ups.
The Forgotten Art of Plain Radiography in the Evaluation of Metabolic Bone Disease
Authors: Panwar Jyoti , Kandagaddala Madhavi , Bhat Tameem Ahmad , Hsu Charlie Chia-Tsong , Mitra Poulomi
Published: June 2020

Although the metabolic bone diseases are fairly commonly encountered in routine practice in India, unfortunately, the clinical presentation is quite non-specific and often remains unrecognized for years, leading to increased morbidity. In this era of advanced imaging technologies, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being requested by clinicians as an initial investigation for the non-specific presentation of metabolic bone conditions, including back pain, generalized weakness, and arthralgias, and is usually largely non-contributory. Thus, the importance of plain radiographs is neglected. Although basic radiographs are frequently available at the time of MRI, it is often ignored by both the radiologists and clinicians who can lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. A variety of radiographic findings is encountered in metabolic bone diseases, though often subtle, is unceasingly diagnostic, and recognition of these findings leads to early diagnosis and treatment, resulting in improved patient outcomes. Therefore, the objective of our paper is to present a systematic approach to the interpretation of plain radiographs of the pelvis, spine, and chest that can facilitate identifying subtle imaging findings supported by complementary other region plain radiographs and laboratory data for the evaluation of metabolic bone diseases.
The Integrity of DNA Extracted from Oryctolagus Cuniculus Carcasses Treated With Different Corrosive Chemical Substances
Authors: Iroanya Onyekachi O. , Ogbeide Jeffrey O. , Egwuatu Tochukwu F.
Published: June 2020

There is a gap in the literature concerning the use of corrosive chemicals to erode human body. The aim of this study is to determine the integrity of DNA samples extracted from rabbits’ carcasses immersed in different chemical. Twenty-one healthy rabbits were grouped into seven. Animals in group 1 were enclosed in transparent containers while groups 2 to 7 were submerged in 1% hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), calcium hypochlorite (CaOCl2), 7.3% sodium hydroxide (NaOH), water and 35% HCl respectively. Tissue sample were collected on day(s) 1, 3, 7 and 12 for DNA extraction and analysis. The most destructive agent in this study was 35% HCl where the bones and almost all tissues degraded within 24hrs, followed by Sodium hydroxide while, there was no marked degradation in NaClO, CaOCl2, water and dilute HCl groups. Distinct, observable effects of each chemical on the extracted DNA samples revealed decreased DNA integrity and degradation at various time frames. Further studies need to be carried out to ascertain the concentration of these chemicals especially NaOH that will completely destroy the body of the rabbits within a short period of time. Chromosomal aberration analysis should also be included in future research.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM CYBER PUBLIC RELATIONS PT. KERETA API INDONESIA DALAM MENGELOLA INFORMASI PUBLIK DI MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM
Authors: Susilo Anindita , Sari Erlina
Published: June 2020

Di tahun 2011, pemberitaan PT. KAI cenderung ke arah negatif dalam memberikan pelayanan. Namun di tahun 2014, hal tersebut menjadi semakin baik. Prestasi yang diperoleh PT. KAI tersebut tidak lepas dari faktor pengelolaan informasi publik yang disosialisasikan lewat media sosial melalui program Cyber Public Relations. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui implementasi program Cyber Public Relations PT. Kereta Api Indonesia dalam mengelola informasi publik di media sosial Instagram @keretaapikita. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep pengelolaan program Public Relations yang diinisiasi oleh Cutlip yang kemudian dikaitkan dengan konsep Cyber PR. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa implementasi program Cyber Public Relations PT. Kereta Api Indonesia dalam mengelola informasi publik di media sosial Instagram meliputi memberikan informasi tentang PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero), layanan kereta api, layanan stasiun sampai event dan inovasi yang telah dilakukan, bahkan beberapa kali dilakukan kegiatan giveaway. Hal tersebut tidak lepas dari tujuan utamanya, yaitu menunjang kegiatan manajemen dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi, membina hubungan harmonis antara organisasi dengan publik eksternal maupun internal, menciptakan komunikasi dua arah secara timbal balik dengan menyebarluaskan informasi dari perusahaan kepada publik dan menyalurkan opini publik kepada organisasi, dan melayani publik dan menasehati pimpinan organisasi kepentingan umum.
Molecular and genetic mechanisms of heterotopic ossification
Authors: Степанов И.А. , Белобородов В.А. , Шамеева М.А.
Published: June 2020

В обзоре освещены данные современной литературы, посвященные изучению молекулярно-генетических механизмов гетеротопической оссификации (ГО). ГО представляет собой процесс образования пластинчатой кости в мягких тканях, не имеющих остеогенных свойств. В патогенезе формирования очагов ГО важнейшую роль играет ряд внутриклеточных сигнальных путей, ответственных за направление дифференцировки мезенхимальных стволовых клеток по пути остеогенеза. Представлен анализ экспериментальных исследований, изучающих молекулярные механизмы ГО. Авторами изложены современные данные о молекулярных терапевтических подходах к лечению и профилактике ГО. Обозначены актуальные, остающиеся нерешенными вопросы, что диктует необходимость проведения дальнейших экспериментальных и клинических исследований проблемы гетеротопической оссификации.

This review addressed molecular and genetic mechanisms of heterotopic ossification (HO). HO is a process of lamellar bone formation in soft tissues lacking osteogenic properties. Several intracellular signaling pathways for differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells along with the osteogenesis pathway play an important role in the pathogenesis of HO formation. This review analyzed experimental studies of HO molecular mechanisms. The authors presented state-of-the-art information about molecular therapeutic approaches in HO treatment and prevention and identified relevant but still unresolved issues, which warrant further experimental and clinical studies.
What Is Best Strategy for Water Soluble Fluorescence Dyes? – a Case Study Using Long Fluorescence Lifetime DAOTA Dyes
Authors: Bisballe Niels , Laursen Bo W.
Published: June 2020

The applications of organic fluorophores in biological sciences rely heavily on their properties in aqueous solution. The lipophilic nature of virtually all such chromophores provides several challenges to adapt them to biologically relevant conditions. In this work we investigate three different strategies for achieving water-solubility of the diazaoxatriangulenium (DAOTA+) chromophore: hydrophilic counter ions, aromatic sulfonation of the chromophore core, and attachment of cationic or zwitterionic side chains. The long fluorescence lifetime (FLT, τf » 20 ns) of DAOTA+ makes it a sensitive probe for changes in the rate of non-radiative deactivation and for aggregation leading to multi exponential decay profiles. Direct sulfonation of the chromophore, as applied in several Alexa dyes, does indeed increase solubility drastically, but at the cost of greatly reduced quantum yields (QY) due to enhanced non-radiative deactivation processes. The introduction of either cationic (4) or zwitterionic side chains (5), however, brings the FLT (τf = 18 ns) and QY (φf = 0.56) of the dye to the same level as the parent chromophore in acetonitrile. For these derivatives time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy also reveals a high resistance to aggregation and non-specific binding in a high loading of bovine serum albumin (BSA). The results clearly show that addition of charged flexible side chains is preferable to direct sulfonation of the chromophore core.
Novel Multifunctional Porous Liquid Composite for Recyclable Sequestration, Storage and In-situ Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Bhattacharjee Archita , Kumar Raj , SHARMA KAMENDRA
Published: June 2020

Novel Multifunctional Porous Liquid Composite for Recyclable Sequestration, Storage and In-situ Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide

Archita Bhattacharjee, Raj Kumar and Prof. K. P. Sharma* Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, India

* E-mail: k.sharma@chem.iitb.ac.in

Keywords: Porous liquid composite, mesoporous liquid, hollow silica nanorods, CO2 capture, CO2 catalytic conversion

Abstract: Permanent pores combined with fluidity renders flow processability to porous liquids otherwise not seen in porous solids. Although, sequestration of different gases has recently been shown in porous liquids, there is still adearth of studies for deploying in-situ chemical reactionsto convert adsorbed gases into utility chemicals in this phase. Here, a facile method for the design and development of a new class of solvent-less porous liquid composite which, as shown for the first time, can catalyze the conversion of adsorbed gaseous molecules into industrially relevant product, is shown. The recyclable porous liquid composite comprising polymer-surfactant modified hollow silica nanorods and carbonic anhydrase enzyme not onlysequesters (5.5 ccg-1 at 273 K and 1 atm) and stores CO2,but is also capable of driving an in-situ enzymatic reaction for hydration of CO2 to HCO3- ion, subsequently converting it CaCO3 due to reaction with pre-dissolved Ca2+. Light and electron microscopy combined with x-ray diffraction reveals the nucleation and growth of calcite and aragonite crystals. Moreover, the liquid-like property of the porous composite material can be harnessed by executing the same reaction via diffusion ofcomplimentary Ca2+ and HCO3- ions through different compartments separated by an interfacial channel.
Multitask Bioactivity Predictions Using Structural Chemical and Cell Morphology Information
Authors: Trapotsi Maria-Anna , Barrett Ian , Mervin Lewis , Afzal Avid M. , Sturm Noé , Engkvist Ola , Bender Andreas
Published: June 2020

The understanding of the Mechanism-of-Action (MoA) of compounds and the prediction of potential drug targets has an important role in small-molecule drug discovery. The aim of this work was to compare chemical and cell morphology information for bioactivity prediction. The comparison was performed by using bioactivity data from the ExCAPE database, image data from the Cell Painting data set (the largest publicly available data set of cell images with approximately ~30,000 compound perturbations) and Extended Connectivity Fingerprints (ECFPs) using the multitask Bayesian Matrix Factorisation (BMF) approach Macau. We found that the BMF Macau and Random Forest (RF) performance was overall similar when ECFP fingerprints were used as compounds descriptors. However, BMF Macau outperformed RF in 155 out of 224 target classes (69.20%) when image data was used as compounds information. By using BMF Macau 100 (corresponding to about 45%) and 90 ( about 40%) of the 224 targets were predicted with high predictive performance (AUC > 0.8) with ECFP data and image data as side information, respectively. There were targets better predicted by image data as side information, such as b-catenin, and others better predicted by fingerprint-based side information, like proteins belonging to the G-Protein Coupled Receptor 1 family, which could be rationalized from the underlying data distributions in each descriptor domain. In conclusion, both cell morphology changes and structural chemical information contain information about compound bioactivity, which is also partially complementary, and can hence contribute to in silico mechanism of action analysis.
Probing Multivalent Lectin-Carbohydrate Binding via Multifunctional Glycan-Gold Nanoparticles: Implications for Blocking Virus Infection
Authors: Budhadev Darshita , Poole Emma , Nehlmeier Inga , Liu Yuanyuan , Hooper James , Kalverda Elizabeth , Akshath Uchangi Satyaprasad , Hondow Nicole , Turnbull W. Bruce , Pöhlmann Stefan , Guo Yuan , Zhou Dejian
Published: June 2020

Multivalent lectin-glycan interactions are widespread in biology and are often exploited by pathogens to bind and infect host cells. Glycoconjugates can block such interactions and thereby prevent infection. The inhibition potency strongly depends on matching the spatial arrangement between the multivalent binding partners. However, the structural details of some key lectins remain unknown and different lectins may exhibit overlapping glycan specificity. This makes it difficult to design a glycoconjugate that can potently and specifically target a particular multimeric lectin for therapeutic interventions, especially under the challenging in vivo conditions. Conventional techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) can provide quantitative binding thermodynamics and kinetics. However, they cannot reveal key structural information, e.g. lectin’s binding site orientation, binding mode, and inter-binding site spacing, which are critical to design specific multivalent inhibitors. Herein we report that gold nanoparticles (GNPs) displaying a dense layer of simple glycans are powerful mechanistic probes for multivalent lectin-glycan interactions. They can not only quantify the GNP-glycan-lectin binding affinities via a new fluorescence quenching method, but also reveal drastically different affinity enhancing mechanisms between two closely-related tetrameric lectins, DC-SIGN (simultaneous binding to one GNP) and DC-SIGNR (inter-crosslinking with multiple GNPs), via a combined hydrodynamic size and electron microscopy analysis. Moreover, a new term, potential of assembly formation (PAF) has been proposed to successfully predict the assembly outcomes based on the binding mode between GNP-glycans and lectins. Finally, the GNP-glycans can potently and completely inhibit DC-SIGN-mediated augmentation of Ebola virus glycoprotein-driven cell entry (with IC50 values down to 95 pM), but only partially block DC-SIGNR-mediated virus infection. Our results suggest that the ability of a glycoconjugate to simultaneously block all binding sites of a target lectin is key to robust inhibition of viral infection.
Cardiovascular syphilis (current state of the problem and analysis of own observations)
Authors: Krivosheev A B , Nadeev A P , Kuimov A D , Travin M A
Published: June 2020

A description of two cases of cardiovascular syphilis is presented. The introduction discusses the relevance of visceral syphilis. The literary review is constructed in a chronological format and reflects the stages of studying the problem of cardiovascular syphilis. It emphasizes that cardiovascular syphilis is currently a rare pathology and internists are more likely to encounter it. Verification of the pathology of the cardiovascular system, including aortic aneurysm, during the early stages of syphilis (early latent) does not exclude the option of combined pathology. Early forms of syphilis in patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system should be considered a factor that complicates diagnosis. Such patients should be carefully examined to determine the cause of the disease. Rationale for the diagnosis of cardiovascular syphilis requires a comprehensive assessment of the results of clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination of the patient. A preliminary diagnosis of the specific etiology of an aortic aneurysm should be based on the following criteria: 1) relatively young age of patients with socially inappropriate sexual behavior; 2) sudden onset and rapid progression of the main signs of the disease. All patients with newly diagnosed aortic aneurysm at the outpatient stage should perform a serological examination. The diagnosis of cardiovascular syphilis, namely a syphilitic mesaortitis, can be established or confirmed by an autopsy.
Non - tuberculous mycobacteriosis of the lungs - diagnostic possibilities in the practice of the pulmonologist
Authors: Vladimirova E B , Shmelev E I , Zaytseva A S , Kovalevskaya M N , Kasimtseva S A , Amansakhedov R B , Chernousova L N , Ergeshov A E , Shmeleva N M
Published: June 2020

Aim of the study. Show the possibilities of diagnosing non - tuberculous mycobacteriosis of the lungs (NTML) in the practice of the pulmonologist. Materials and methods. A survey of 90 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of non - tuberculous mycobacteriosis of the lungs (NTML) was presented. The diagnosis of pulmonary mycobacteriosis was established in accordance with the criteria proposed in 2007 by the American Thoracic Society and the American Society of Infectious Diseases (ATS/IDRS). Among the patients, 55 (61.1%) women prevailed, the average age was 51.2±15.3 years. Patients were evaluated complaints, the presence of concomitant diseases of the lungs, was carried out computed tomography of the chest high - resolution (HRCT), a culture study of sputum, in the absence of sputum or a single determination of the NTM culture in it, a study was conducted on materials of bronchoalveolar washout (ALS/BAL), or lung biopsies. Statistical processing of the research results was performed using descriptive statistics using Microsoft® Excel for Windows xp® on a personal computer. Results and conclusion. As a result of the study, it was revealed that before the diagnosis of NTML was established, 66.7% of patients were long observed for chronic lung diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis), and in 55.6% of cases (50 people) were registered with a phthisiologist about pulmonary tuberculosis. According to the CT scan of OGK, dissemination was determined in 66.7% of cases, in 48.9% - bronchiectasis, single or multiple destruction cavities - 46.7% of cases. In 72.2% of cases, non - tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) were found in sputum, in 33.3% - in ALS and in 22.2% of NTMs were found in the surgical material. In 14.4% of cases, only surgery allowed to establish the diagnosis of mycobacteriosis.
Features of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Manakhov K M , Kamenshchikova T M , Tsarenko O E , Borodina Z I , Bagautdinova L I , Sargsyan D S , Malinin O V , Dudarev M V , Shklyaev A E , Platonov A E , Maleev V V
Published: June 2020

Aim. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to be a risk factor in adverse outcomes and complications in many infectious diseases. In the combination of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and DM there are mutually exclusive pathogenetic States - hyperosmolarity, characteristic of DM is layered on the reduction of osmotic blood pressure in HFRS. Under these conditions, the effect of one disease (DM) on the clinical manifestations of another (HFRS) is not obvious. The aim of the work is to find out the clinical features during hfps in patients with DM. Materials and methods. The study is based on the results of the retrospective studies "case - control" - studied the information contained in medical records of patient (form 003/u), who suffered HFRS in 2006-2018. The Selection of cards produced randomly. In the end, there were formed two groups: the first - 981 patient who suffered HFRS and had no signs of diabetes; the second, 33 patients who suffered HFRS on the background of previously existing (28 people), or the first identified (5) diabetes. Results. With a combination of HFRS and DM, a mild course of the disease is 2.5 times more common, there are no severe forms. Among this group of patients, complications are almost 10 times less common, less likely to develop infectious - toxic shock, acute kidney damage (class F by RIFLE), pulmonary edema. The combination of DM and HFRS is manifested by less high and prolonged fever, less high levels of urea and creatinine in the blood. Conclusion. HFRS in combination with DM is easier, apparently, high osmolarity of the blood is a stabilizing factor during the disease.
Does the lack of left ventricular reverse remodeling always mean non - response to cardiac resynchronization therapy?
Authors: Kuznetsov V A , Soldatova A M , Enina T N , Krinochkin D V , Dyachkov S M
Published: June 2020

Aim. To evaluate clinical, morphological, functional features and mortality level in patients with different value of left ventricular reverse remodeling after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Materials and methods. The study enrolled 112 patients (mean age 54.6±9.9 years, 83.5% men) with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) І35%, NYHA functional class II-IV. We enrolled patients with QRS width >120 ms or QRS
Non - alcoholic fatty liver disease and enteral insufficiency: comorbidity of their development
Authors: Vakhrushev Ya M , Suchkova E V , Lukashevich A P
Published: June 2020

The article reflects current literature data on the epidemiology and risk factors of non - alcoholic fatty liver disease. An important aspect is the description of the modern views of combined lesions of the hepatobiliary tract and small intestine. Disorders of the intestinal microbiota play a special role in the development of non - alcoholic fatty liver disease. The value of enterohepatic circulation of bile acids in the development of intestinal and liver diseases was shown. It seems relevant to further study the comorbidity of the development of non - alcoholic fatty liver disease and enteropathy for the development of pathogenetically substantiated therapy.
Left ventricular non - compaction: contemporary view of genetic background, clinical course, diagnostic and treatment
Authors: Streltsova A A , Gudkova A Ya , Kostareva A A
Published: June 2020

This review highlights and discusses recent advances in understanding left ventricular non - compaction (LVNC). Clinical profile, prognosis and even diagnosis are still a great challenge faced by the world. The population prevalence of left ventricular non - compaction remains unknown. High variability of clinical manifestations, genetic heterogenity with overlap of different phenotypes, variability of hereditary patterns suggests that LVNC seems to be rather an isolated trait or a part of phenotypic expression of different cardiac diseases or complex genetic syndromes.
Pancreatic diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases: a random or regular combination?
Authors: Akhmedov V A , Gaus O V
Published: June 2020

Pathology of the pancreas in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is more common than in the general population and includes a wide range of manifestations from asymptomatic to severe disorders. Acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, autoimmune pancreatitis, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, increased pancreatic enzymes and structural duct anomalies are often associated with IBD. They can be either a manifestation of IBD itself or develop independently.
The epidemiological situation as a factor determining the strategy for reducing mortality in the Russian Federation
Authors: Boytsov S A , Shalnova S A , Deev A D
Published: June 2020

Chronic non - communicable diseases, mainly cardiovascular diseases, are the leading cause of death worldwide, including in the Russian Federation (RF). The article analyzes the negative and positive trends of the most relevant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases for the period from 2013 to 2017, and also provides a strategy for reducing mortality in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024 based on data from an epidemiological analysis.
NSAID enteropathy
Authors: Kareva E. N.
Published: June 2020

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most commonly used drugs in the world, and their side effects are very high. First of all, these are NSAID gastropathy, but in the long term, 5070% of NSAIDs cause damage to the small intestine (NSAID enteropathy), sometimes with serious consequences. To date, no drugs have been proposed with proven effectiveness to prevent this side effect. Apparently, this is not due to the fully clarified mechanism of pathogenesis. The most promising is the hypothesis of the participation of individual representatives of microflora in the development of enteropathy. Therefore, modulating the intestinal flora with the help of probiotics can be the basic therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of such damage.
Multidisciplinary treatment of the patient with a severe irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Ruchkina I. N. , Vyaznikova A. A. , Indeykina L. K. , Degterev D. A. , Parfenov A. I.
Published: June 2020

The patient E., aged 39, was described with a severe form of the irritable bowel syndrome that developed after the stress. In addition to the clinical manifestations of IBS, the patient got the somatoform disorders, which manifested itself with a large number of extraintestinal symptoms and led to a disability. According to the recommendations of the Rome Criteria IV 2016, the main medicines for the treatment of biopsychosocial model of IBS are antidepressants. The remission of the disease with a complete recovery of the patients disability was achieved by duloxetine, an antidepressant from the group of serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors.
Severe bronchial asthma patient care organization in various regions of the Russian Federation. From endotypes and phenotypes of bronchial asthma to personalized choice of therapy
Authors: Avdeev S. N. , Volkova O. A. , Demko I. V. , Ignatova G. L. , Leshchenko I. V. , Kanukova N. A. , Kudelya L. M. , Nevzorova V. A. , Nedashkovskaya N. G. , Ukhanova O. P. , Shulzhenko L. V. , Fassakhov R. S.
Published: June 2020

The meeting of the Expert board was held in Moscow on June 24, 2019, at which the following issues were considered: the applicability of a new terminology characterizing asthma endotypes and phenotypes in real clinical practice, the effect of phenotypes and biomarkers in patients with bronchial asthma on the choice of biological drug, as well as the optimal clinical profiles of patients for whom dupilumab is most effective, taking into account the data of the III phase clinical trials, regional features of medical care and changes in updated international clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma. The Expert board included members of leading Russian scientific and educational medical institutions: S.N. Avdeev, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prof., MD; O.A. Volkova, Ph.D.; I.V. Demko, prof., MD; G.L. Ignatova, prof., MD; I.V. Leshchenko, prof., MD; Kanukova N.A.; Kudelya L.M., prof., MD; V.A. Nevzorova, prof., MD; N.G. Nedashkovskaya; O.P. Ukhanova, prof., MD; L.V. Shulzhenko, prof., MD; R.S. Fassakhov, prof., MD.
Systemic inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obesity
Authors: Ovsyannikov E. S. , Avdeev S. N. , Budnevsky A. V.
Published: June 2020

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important public health problem. According to various studies, the prevalence of obesity in patients with COPD is as high as 50%.
Aim. To evaluate pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine profile, lung diseases biomarkers levels and adipokines levels in patients with COPD and obesity.
Materials and methods. The study included 88 patients with COPD (GOLD 24, group D). Patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 44 patients with COPD and normal body weight: 35 men and 9 women. The second group 44 patients with obesity and COPD: 34 men and 10 women. The levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor  (TNF-), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), as well as the concentration of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP), surfactant protein D, elastase, leptin, adiponectin, 1-antitrypsin, receptors of tumor necrosis factor 1 and 2 (TNF-R1, TNF-R2).
Results. In patients with COPD and obesity, compared with patients with COPD and normal body weight, the levels of CRP, interferon-, TNF-, TNF-R1, TNF-R2 were significantly higher. At the same time, the levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 did not differ significantly. The level of leptin in patients with COPD and obesity was significantly higher than in patients with COPD and normal body weight.
Conclusion. In patients with COPD and obesity, in contrast to patients with COPD with normal body weight, the severity of systemic inflammation is significantly higher. However, further research is needed in this area.