bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Upper-Body Plyometric Training on Physical Fitness in Healthy Youth and Young Adult Participants: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Garcia-Carrillo Exal , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Thapa Rohit K. , Afonso José , Granacher Urs , Izquierdo Mikel
Published: October 2023

Background

Upper-body plyometric training (UBPT) is a commonly used training method, yet its effects on physical fitness are inconsistent and there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the topic.

Objective

To examine the effects of UBPT on physical fitness in healthy youth and young adult participants compared to active, specific-active, and passive controls.

Methods

This systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and utilized the PICOS framework. PubMed, WOS, and SCOPUS were searched. Studies were assessed for eligibility using the PICOS framework. The effects of UBPT on upper-body physical fitness were assessed, including maximal strength, medicine ball throw performance, sport-specific throwing performance, and upper limb muscle volume. The risk of bias was evaluated using the PEDro scale. Means and standard deviations were used to calculate effect sizes, and the I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using the extended Egger's test. Certainty of evidence was rated using the GRADE scale. Additional analyses included sensitivity analyses and adverse effects.

Results

Thirty-five studies were included in the systematic review and 30 studies in meta-analyses, involving 1412 male and female participants from various sport-fitness backgrounds. Training duration ranged from 4 to 16 weeks. Compared to controls, UBPT improved maximal strength (small ES = 0.39 95% CI = 0.15–0.63, p = 0.002, I2 = 29.7%), medicine ball throw performance (moderate ES = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.43–0.85, p < 0.001, I2 = 46.3%), sport-specific throwing performance (small ES = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.25–0.86, p < 0.001, I2 = 36.8%), and upper limbs muscle volume (moderate ES = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.20–1.08, p = 0.005, I2 = 0.0%). The GRADE analyses provided low or very low certainty for the recommendation of UBPT for improving physical fitness in healthy participants. One study reported one participant with an injury due to UBPT. The other 34 included studies provided no report measure for adverse effects linked to UBPT.

Conclusions

UBPT interventions may enhance physical fitness in healthy youth and young adult individuals compared to control conditions. However, the certainty of evidence for these recommendations is low or very low. Further research is needed to establish the optimal dose of UBPT and to determine its effect on female participants and its transfer to other upper-body dominated sports.
Reconsolidation of traumatic memories protocol compared to trauma-focussed cognitive behaviour therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in UK military veterans: a randomised controlled feasibility trial
Authors: Sturt J. , Rogers R. , Armour C. , Cameron D. , De Rijk L. , Fiorentino F. , Forbes T. , Glen C. , Grealish A. , Kreft J. , Meye de Souza I. , Spikol E. , Tzouvara V. , Greenberg N.
Published: October 2023

Background

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs more commonly in military veterans than the general population. Whilst current therapies are effective, up to half of veterans commencing treatment do not complete it. Reconsolidation of Traumatic Memories (RTM) protocol is a novel, easy to train, talking therapy with promising findings. We examine the feasibility of undertaking an efficacy trial of RTM in veterans.

Methods

A parallel group, single-centre randomised controlled feasibility trial with a post-completion qualitative interview study. Sixty military veterans were randomised 2:1 to RTM (n = 35) or Trauma Focussed Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) (n = 25). We aimed to determine the rate of recruitment and retention, understand reasons for attrition, determine data quality and size of efficacy signal. We explored veterans’ perceptions of experiences of joining the trial, the research procedures and therapy, and design improvements for future veteran studies. Military veterans with a diagnosis of PTSD or complex PTSD, and clinically significant symptoms, were recruited between January 2020 and June 2021. Primary outcome was feasibility using pre-determined progression criteria alongside PTSD symptoms, with depression, recovery, and rehabilitation as secondary outcomes. Data were collected at baseline, 6, 12, and 20 weeks. Interviews (n = 15) were conducted after 20 weeks. Both therapies were delivered by trained charity sector provider therapists.

Results

Participants’ mean age was 53 years, the mean baseline PTSD symptoms score assessed by the Post-traumatic Stress Checklist (PCL-5) was 57 (range 0–80). Fifty had complex PTSD and 39 had experienced ≥ 4 traumas. Data were analysed at 20 weeks for feasibility outcomes (n = 60) and mental health outcomes (n = 45). Seven of eight progression criteria were met. The RTM group experienced a mean 18-point reduction on the PCL-5. TFCBT group participants experienced a mean reduction of eight points. Forty-eight percent of the RTM group no longer met diagnostic criteria for PTSD compared to 16% in the TFCBT group. All veterans reported largely positive experiences of the therapy and research procedures and ways to improve them.

Conclusion

RTM therapy remains a promising psychological intervention for the treatment of PTSD, including complex PTSD, in military veterans. With specific strengthening, the research protocol is fit for purpose in delivering an efficacy trial.

Trial registration

ISRCTN registration no 10314773 on 01.10.2019.

Full trial protocol: available on request or downloadable at ISRCTN reg. no. 10314773.
Effect of postoperative delirium after cardiovascular surgery on 5-year mortality
Authors: Yokoyama Chisaki , Yoshitnai Kenji , Ogata Soshiro , Fukushima Satsuki , Matsuda Hitoshi
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Postoperative delirium is a common complication after cardiovascular surgery. A meta-analysis revealed that postoperative delirium was associated with cognitive decline and dementia, which may affect long-term mortality. However, few studies have reported the association between postoperative delirium after cardiovascular surgery and long-term postoperative mortality. Therefore, we investigated the effect of postoperative delirium on 5-year survival rates of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass from January 2016 to December 2019. Postoperative delirium was defined as an Intensive Care Delirium Screening score ≥ 3, which might include subclinical delirium. Cox proportional hazards modeling was performed to assess the association between postoperative delirium and mortality. Postoperative mortality in patients with and without delirium was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test.

Results

Postoperative delirium was observed in 562 (31.9%) of 1731 patients. There were more elderly patients, more emergent surgery procedures, longer operative time, and larger transfusion volume in the postoperative delirium group. Cox regression analyses showed that delirium (hazard ratio (HR), 1.501; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.053–2.140; p = 0.025) and emergent surgery (HR, 3.380; 95% CI, 2.231–5.122; p < 0.001) are significantly associated with 5-year mortality. Among patients who underwent elective surgery, postoperative delirium (HR, 1.987; 95% CI, 1.135–3.481; p = 0.016) is significantly associated with 5-year mortality. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with postoperative delirium had significantly higher 5-year mortality.

Conclusions

Patients with postoperative delirium after cardiovascular surgery have significantly higher 5-year mortality.
Climate change implications of electronic waste: strategies for sustainable management
Authors: Fawole Akeeb Adepoju , Orikpete Ochuko Felix , Ehiobu Nwakamma Ninduwezuor , Ewim Daniel Raphael Ejike
Published: October 2023

Background

This paper addresses the escalating global issue of electronic waste (e-waste), a consequence of the burgeoning demand for electronic products coupled with their transient lifespan. The rapid accumulation of e-waste is a significant concern, especially in the context of climate change, necessitating a detailed analysis of current management strategies and the development of sustainable management practices. The intricate relationship between e-waste and climate change is emphasized, illustrating how improper disposal and recycling practices substantially contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.

Main body of the abstract

A meticulous analysis is conducted to critique the prevailing e-waste management strategies, identifying their shortcomings and the urgent need for enhancement and globalization of these protocols. The paper argues for a fortified, universal approach to e-waste management to address the deficiencies in current methodologies. A set of strategic, sustainable solutions for e-waste management is proposed, encompassing comprehensive regulatory frameworks, advanced recycling technologies, the incorporation of eco-design principles, and the enhancement of consumer awareness. These solutions pivot around the circular economy concept, viewing waste as a valuable resource rather than a disposal predicament, thereby promoting sustainability.

Short conclusion

The paper concludes that a consolidated, global approach to e-waste management is imperative for addressing the proliferation of discarded electronics and is pivotal in the wider context of mitigating climate change and fostering sustainable development. It underscores the transformative potential of sustainable e-waste management, transforming a formidable challenge into an opportunity for environmental conservation, economic growth, and societal progress, emphasizing the importance of viewing e-waste management as a vehicle for sustainability.
Smith-Kingsmore syndrome with nystagmus as the initial symptom
Authors: Cai Meiling , Zhao Yanfei , Wang He , Liu Shicheng , Jiang Huiyi
Published: October 2023

Background

Smith-Kingsmore syndrome (SKS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by de novo mutations of gene MTOR in most cases and germline mosaicism in a few cases. The first case of SKS was reported in 2013. The incidence of SKS remains unknown. The clinical manifestations of SKS are diverse, and common features are macrocephaly, intellectual disability, and seizures. Some patients with SKS have special facial features.

Case presentation

The case was a 5-month-old baby girl, who was admitted to the hospital for nystagmus, delayed development for 2 months, and intermittent convulsions for 2 days. The patient had a head circumference of 42 cm (+ 2SD), and showed facial deformity, low limb muscle tension, large areas of pigmentation, as well as mosaic patchy and strip-like pigment loss in her trunk and limbs. Meanwhile, her development was lagging behind peers. Physical examination did not reveal other abnormalities. She was diagnosed with SKS based on whole-exome sequencing combined with clinical symptoms and signs. She successively received treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, topiramate, levetiracetam, and zonisamide to reduce the number of convulsions in a short time, but drug resistance appeared thereafter. After combined treatment with multiple antiseizure medications, the patient still had seizures, but the amplitude of limb movement during the seizures was reduced compared to that before treatment.

Conclusions

This case expanded the phenotypic spectrum of SKS for diagnosis. We also review the related literature to promote the awareness, diagnosis, clinical management, and follow-up of SKS patients with MTOR mutations.
Ablation targets of scar-related ventricular tachycardia identified by dynamic functional substrate mapping
Authors: Elewa Mohammad Gamal , Altoukhy Sherif , Badran Haitham Abdelfattah , El Damanhoury Hayam , Zarif John Kamel
Published: October 2023

Background

Dynamic functional substrate mapping of scar-related ventricular tachycardia offers better identification of ablation targets with limited ablation lesions. Several functional substrate mapping approaches have been proposed, including decrement-evoked potential (DEEP) mapping. The aim of our study was to compare the short- and long-term efficacy of a DEEP-guided versus a fixed-substrate-guided strategy for the ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT).

Results

Forty consecutive patients presenting for ablation of scar-related VT were randomized to either DEEP-guided or substrate-guided ablation. Late potentials were tagged and ablated in the non-DEEP group, while those in the DEEP group were subjected to RV extrastimulation after a drive train. Only potentials showing significant delay were ablated. Patients were followed for a median duration of 12 months. Twenty patients were allocated to the DEEP group, while the other 20 were allocated to the non-DEEP group. Twelve patients (60%) in the DEEP group had ischemic cardiomyopathy versus 10 patients (50%) in the non-DEEP group (P-value 0.525). Intraoperatively, the median percentage of points with LPs was 19% in the DEEP group and 20.6% in the non-DEEP group. The procedural time was longer in the DEEP group, approaching but missing statistical significance (P-value 0.059). VT non-inducibility was successfully accomplished in 16 patients (80%) in the DEEP group versus 17 patients (85%) in the non-DEEP group (P value 0.597). After a median follow-up duration of 12 months, the VT recurrence rate was 65% in both groups (P value 0.311), with a dropout rate of 10% in the DEEP group. As for the secondary endpoints, all-cause mortality rates were 20% and 25% in the DEEP and non-DEEP groups, respectively (P-value 0.342).

Conclusions

DEEP-assisted ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia is a feasible strategy with comparable short- and long-term outcomes to a fixed-substrate-based strategy with more specific ablation targets, albeit relatively longer but non-significant procedural times and higher procedural deaths. The imbalance between the study groups in terms of epicardial versus endocardial mapping, although non-significant, warrants the prudent interpretation of our results. Further large-scale randomized trials are recommended. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov, registration number: NCT05086510, registered on 28th September 2021, record https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05086510
Excellence in forensic psychiatry services: international survey of qualities and correlates
Authors: McLaughlin Patrick , Brady Philip , Carabellese Felice , Carabellese Fulvio , Parente Lia , Uhrskov Sorensen Lisbeth , Jeandarme Ingeborg , Habets Petra , Simpson Alexander I. F. , Davoren Mary , Kennedy Harry G.
Published: October 2023

Background

Excellence is that quality that drives continuously improving outcomes for patients. Excellence must be measurable. We set out to measure excellence in forensic mental health services according to four levels of organisation and complexity (basic, standard, progressive and excellent) across seven domains: values and rights; clinical organisation; consistency; timescale; specialisation; routine outcome measures; research and development.

Aims

To validate the psychometric properties of a measurement scale to test which objective features of forensic services might relate to excellence: for example, university linkages, service size and integrated patient pathways across levels of therapeutic security.

Method

A survey instrument was devised by a modified Delphi process. Forensic leads, either clinical or academic, in 48 forensic services across 5 jurisdictions completed the questionnaire.

Results

Regression analysis found that the number of security levels, linked patient pathways, number of in-patient teams and joint university appointments predicted total excellence score.

Conclusions

Larger services organised according to stratified therapeutic security and with strong university and research links scored higher on this measure of excellence. A weakness is that these were self-ratings. Reliability could be improved with peer review and with objective measures such as quality and quantity of research output. For the future, studies are needed of the determinants of other objective measures of better outcomes for patients, including shorter lengths of stay, reduced recidivism and readmission, and improved physical and mental health and quality of life.
Stenting for Venous Sinus Stenosis in Patients With Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Literature
Authors: Lim Jaims , Monteiro Andre , Kuo Cathleen C. , Jacoby Wady T. , Cappuzzo Justin M. , Becker Alexander B. , Davies Jason M. , Snyder Kenneth V. , Levy Elad I. , Siddiqui Adnan H.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Although venous sinus stenting (VSS) improves cerebrospinal fluid reabsorption and decreases intracranial pressure in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), the underlying pathophysiology of IIH is not well understood. We present a review and meta-analysis of the literature on VSS for IIH treatment, focusing on the rates of restenosis and symptom recurrence.

METHODS:

We performed a systematic review of PubMed and Embase databases between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2021. Articles including ≥5 patients with IIH and venous sinus stenosis treated with VSS and post-treatment rates of restenosis (de novo stenosis at a different anatomic location along the dural sinuses or restenosis within or adjacent to the stent) were selected. Demographic, procedural, and outcomes data were collected and analyzed. Mean values for variables collected were pooled, and a mean value was calculated with a 95% CI.

RESULTS:

Twenty-four articles were included, comprising 694 patients and 781 VSS cases. The mean age was 33.9 (CI, 31.5-36.2) years. The mean body mass index was 35.3 (CI, 32.9-37.7) kg/m2. Before VSS, 98.8% (CI, 96.8%-100.0%) of patients experienced headaches, 87.7% (CI, 80.6%-95.5%) had visual acuity issues, 78.7% (CI, 69.9%-88.5%) had papilledema, 58.3% (CI, 46.0%-73.9%) had tinnitus, and 98.8% (96.4%-100.0%) had symptoms refractory to previous therapies. After VSS, 77.7% (CI, 71.1%-84.95%) experienced symptom improvement and 22.3% (CI, 15.1%-29.0%) had persistent or worsened symptoms. Pooled restenosis rate was 17.7% (CI, 14.9%-20.9%).

CONCLUSION:

VSS is effective in alleviating IIH signs and symptoms, but the associated high rates of restenosis and persistent symptoms highlight the need for further investigation of this procedure and other adjunctive treatments for IIH.
Minimally Invasive Approaches for Lumbosacral Plexus Schwannomas
Authors: Landriel Federico , Padilla Lichtenberger Fernando , Guiroy Alfredo , Soto Manuel , Molina Camilo , Hem Santiago
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Lumbosacral plexus schwannomas (LSPSs) are benign, slow-growing tumors that arise from the myelin sheath of the lumbar or sacral plexus nerves. Surgery is the treatment of choice for symptomatic LSPSs. Conventional retroperitoneal or transabdominal approaches provide wide exposure of the lesion but are often associated with complications in the abdominal wall, lumbar or sacral plexus, ureter, and intraperitoneal organs. Advances in technology and minimally invasive (MIS) techniques have provided alternative approaches with reliable efficacy compared with traditional open surgery. We describe 3 MIS approaches using tubular retractor systems according to the lesion level.

METHODS:

This was a multicenter, retrospective observational cohort study to evaluate the use of MIS tubular approaches for surgical resection of LSPSs. We included 23 lumbar and upper sacral plexus schwannomas. Clinical presentation, spinal level, surgical duration, degree of resection, days of hospitalization, pathological anatomy of the tumor, approach-related surgical difficulties, and outcomes were collected.

RESULTS:

The posterior oblique approach was used in 43.5% of the cases, the transpsoas approach in 39.1%, and the transiliac in 17.4%. The mean operative time was 3.3 hours, and the mean hospitalization was 2.5 days. All tumors were WHO grade 1 schwannoma. Postoperative MRI confirms gross total resection in 91.3% of the patients. No patient requires instrumentation. The pros and cons of each approach were summarized.

CONCLUSION:

The MIS approaches adapted to the lumbar level may improve surgeons' comfort allowing a safe resection of retroperitoneal LSPS.
The genome sequence of the Early Mason-wasp, Ancistrocerus nigricornis (Curtis, 1826)
Authors: Crowley Liam M. , Falk Steven ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: October 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual femaleAncistrocerus nigricornis(the Early Mason-wasp; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Vespidae). The genome sequence is 232.0 megabases in span. The whole assembly is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 19.59 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 9,978 protein coding genes.
Antyitalianizm w Heptameronie Małgorzaty z Nawarry (1559)
Authors: Marczuk Barbara
Published: October 2023

The Queen of Navarre’s Heptameron, an homage to Boccaccio’s Decameron, is at the same time an attempt to rival the Italian model by creating a native and original counterpart. The work fits in with the French humanists’ efforts to define their own identity in opposition to the cultural expansion of their neighbour. The eight novellas set in Italy and the narrators’ debates that follow reflect the functioning within the French elite of a fixed repertoire of simplistic stereotypes of Italian vices: cowardice, verbosity, greed, cruelty (including cannibalism) and sodomy. The article explores the possible historical origins of such commonly held judge- ments. It also recalls the climate theory, still current in the 16th century, attributing specific physical and psychological traits determined by geographical location to specific nations.
“Il Machiavelli polacco” – Krzysztof Warszewicki: la figura del diplomatico
Authors: Bruno Luigi
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the characteristics of an ideal diplomat and focuses on the analysis of thewritings of Krzysztof Warszewicki, the so-called Polish Machiavelli. Warszewicki, a politicalwriter and member of parliament, the author of one of the most important diplomatictreatises, had the opportunity to get acquainted with the representative works of Europeanhumanism, which allowed him to look at the affairs of his country from a perspective broaderthan his contemporaries. He uses clear references to Prince by Niccolò Machiavelli in hisworks, to whom, as a Jesuit, he had access through Latin sources (the work of the Florentinesecretary was included in the church's index of forbidden books). The influence of the workof the Italian author is visible primarily in the analysis of the features of an ideal diplomat,playing a key role in ensuring the security and stability of the state. Warszewicki criticizesthe contemporary situation of his own country, neglecting foreign policy, and thus ignoringdiplomacy. As a supporter of absolute monarchy and strengthening the position of the king,he postulates limiting the privileges of the nobility, which, in his opinion, would lead to thecollapse of the Polish state.
Marfiza i Brandamant w Arkadii (ślady znajomości włoskiej epiki rycerskiej w Ermidzie Stanisława Herakliusza Lubomirskiego)
Authors: Wojtkowska-Maksymik Marta
Published: October 2023

The author discusses the Italian inspiration of two characters in the pastoral comedy by Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski: the title Ermida and Adrast. The false names given to them, Marfiza and Brandamant, point to characters known from chivalric epics of the 15th-16th centuries: Orlando innamorato by Matteo Maria Boiardo and Orlando furioso by Ludovico Ariosto. The chapter aims to determine whether the reading of the aforementioned works may have been influenced by the tradition of poems inspired by them and popular in the 16th and 17th centuries (e.g. Marfisa innamorata by Dragoncina da Fano) and allegorical interpretations of Furioso in particular, which became popular in Europe after the Council of Trent.
“La ricerca d’una piccola patria” – Orlando innamorato raccontato in prosa di Gianni Celati
Authors: Liszka-Drążkiewicz Agnieszka
Published: October 2023

The aim of the paper is to address the issue of contemporary rewritings of texts belonging to an established literary tradition by analysing the prose version of Matteo Maria Boiardo's Orlando innamorato written by Gianni Celati. In my text, I present and analyse several fundamental aspects of Boiardo's poem that make it an excellent example of the type of literature that was most valued by Celati. One of these aspects is the relationship of the poem to the tradition of oral literature, to which the author devoted several theoretical texts. What becomes particularly important is the reference to the narrative situation of direct contact between narrator and listener, and thus the perception of literature as a communicative process which can establish a community and thus constitute important element of social life. The paper also considers such issues as the role of a literary text as a fragment of a larger cultural heritage, in which a story can be told in many different ways and completed over the centuries, as the Italian poema cavalleresco perfectly shows. The paper emphasizes the apparent chaos of Boiardo's text, its non-linearity, as well as its being an example of literature that does not aim for a specific goal, but rather seeks and aims for the next stage of the journey. The subordination of the rational and conscious side of man to his drives and feelings and the role of story as a factor in the construction of memory and identity through history and language are also considered.
Lack of consensus, dispersion of political power and public debt: evidence from a sample of developed countries
Authors: Mansour Mohamed , Kamwa Eric
Published: October 2023

The aim of this article is to study empirically the relationship between political governance and public debt by testing a number of hypotheses. We examine the effects of the dispersion of power on public debt with an econometric study carried out on a sample of 13 developed countries using macroeconomic and political data covering the period 1996–2012. It is found that the lack of consensus between political parties in a government coalition and the dispersion of power within the government are factors explaining the increase in public debt.
Parent-Child Attachment and Emotion Regulation Dynamics in Late Middle Childhood
Authors: Kerns Kathryn A. , Kochendorfer Logan B. , Obeldobel Carli A. , Brumariu Laura E.
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Parent–child attachment is robustly associated with typical patterns of emotion regulation but rarely examined in relation to changes in emotion in response to events. We studied how attachment is related to emotion reactivity to positive and negative events and to immediate and delayed emotion recovery from social exclusion. The sample (78% White, 46% girls) included 110 children (9–12 years). Children completed a story stem measure that was scored for security, avoidance, ambivalence, and disorganization. Emotion reactivity and recovery were assessed with child-reported and observer positive affect and negative affect ratings. Parents rated child temperament. More avoidant children showed dampened emotion responding (low reactivity and recovery), whereas more ambivalent children showed heightened emotion responding (high reactivity and recovery). Attachment security, disorganization, and temperament were not consistently related to emotion reactivity or recovery. The findings highlight that emotion regulation occurs in response to contextual changes and is related to attachment.
The Shattered Majesty of Newman's Spontaneous Style
Authors: Hurley Michael D.
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: Newman's arguments on the importance of rhetoric in education are implicitly attested by the efficacy of his own. Walter Pater spoke for many when he vaunted The Idea of a University for its "perfect handling of a theory." This essay, however, examines the achievement of Newman's writings on education through the other end of the telescope, by focusing on the selfconscious ways he confounds the conventional aesthetics of "perfection": how his Rise and Progress of Universities deploys such a restless, reflexive, ragged prose style, and why it proves so effective in exciting our imaginative sympathies.
Abortion incidence and safety in Niger in 2021: Findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of reproductive-aged women using direct and indirect measurement approaches
Authors: Bell Suzanne O. , Oumarou Sani , Larson Elizabeth A. , Alzouma Souleymane , Moreau Caroline
Published: October 2023

Niger is a country in which legal restrictions and a dearth of research has long limited our understanding of the extent and safety of induced abortion. The current study is the first national study of induced abortion in Niger. It uses direct (self-report) and indirect (best friend method) to provide nationally representative estimates of induced abortion incidence and safety and evaluates the performance of the indirect measurement approach. We used cross-sectional, representative survey data on women aged 15–49 in Niger collected between January and May 2022; final sample included 3,696 women. The survey included questions on respondents’ and their closest female friends’ experience with abortion, including methods and sources used. We calculated one-year abortion incidence and the proportion of abortions involving non-recommended methods and/or sources to determine safety separately for respondents and friends, overall and by background characteristics. The fully adjusted one-year friend abortion rate was 6.7 abortions per 1,000 women in 2021, which was substantially higher than the corresponding respondent rate of 0.4 per 1,000 women. Confidence intervals were wide, but friend estimates suggest higher abortion rates among women in their 20s, those with secondary or higher education, and those with no children. Nearly all abortions were unsafe (97% respondents, 100% friends), involving non-recommended methods and/or sources. While abortion numbers were small, unsafe abortion appeared more common among older women, married women, those with children, and those residing in rural areas. Our findings indicate that, despite legal restrictions, some women undergo abortions in Niger at great risk to their physical safety. Ensuring adequate access to quality voluntary family planning services to prevent unintended pregnancy and postabortion care to treat complications is essential to reducing the risk of unsafe abortion in the country.
Risk factors, logistic model, and vulnerability mapping of lumpy skin disease in livestock at the farm level in Indragiri Hulu District, Riau Province, Indonesia, in 2022
Authors: Susanti Tri , Susetya Heru , Widayani Prima , Fitria Yul , Pambudi Gigih Tri
Published: October 2023

Background and Aim: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging epidemic in livestock in Indonesia. It was first reported in the Indragiri Hulu Regency of Riau Province, which has more cases than the surrounding regencies. This study aimed to identify the risk factors and generate a logistic regression model and vulnerability map of LSD in the Indragiri Hulu Regency.

Materials and Methods: We used a structured questionnaire to interview the case and control farm owners to evaluate the risk factors. We evaluated 244 samples, consisting of 122 case and control farm samples each. At the cattle farm level, the risk factor data related to LSD were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis with Chi-square, and odds ratio, while the logistic model was derived using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Using variables, such as the number of cases and risk factor variables included in the model logistic, and the temperature, humidity, and rainfall data from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency, we analyzed the vulnerability map of LSD in the regency using scoring, weighting, and overlay methods.

Results: Ten significant risk factors were associated with LSD occurrence. The LSD model obtained from the logistic regression analysis was LSD (Y) = −3.92095 + 1.13107 (number of cattle >3) + 1.50070 (grazing cattle together with other farmers’ cattle) + 1.03500 (poor management of farm waste/dirt) + 2.49242 (presence of livestock collectors/traders near the farm location) + 1.40543 (introduction of new livestock) + 2.15196 (lack of vector control measures on the farm). The LSD vulnerability map indicated that the villages with high vulnerability levels were Rantau Bakung, Kuantan Babu, and Sungai Lala in the Rengat Barat, Rengat, and Sungai Lala subdistricts, respectively.

Conclusion: We found 10 significant risk factors associated with LSD occurrence. The LSD model included the number of cattle (>3), cograzing with other farmers’ cattle, poor management of farm waste/dirt, the presence of livestock collectors/ traders near the farm, introduction of new livestock, and lack of vector control measures on the farm. The LSD vulnerability map indicated that villages with high vulnerability levels included Rantau Bakung in the Rengat Barat subdistrict, Kuantan Babu in the Rengat subdistrict, and Sungai Lala in the Sungai Lala subdistrict.

Keywords: Indragiri hulu, lumpy skin disease, risk factors, vulnerability map.
Desafíos y perspectivas del derecho y la gestión del deporte en el siglo XXI
Authors: Pachot Zambrana Karel Luis
Published: October 2023

La presente obra colectiva es el resultado de valiosas investigaciones realizadas con el propósito de explorar los principales desafíos que enfrenta el deporte en la contemporaneidad desde la perspectiva jurídica y de su gestión, particularmente en el espacio iberoamericano. El libro aborda temáticas relacionadas a la justicia deportiva, la transparencia en la gestión deportiva y el compliance, así como el desarrollo de políticas públicas del deporte, la buena gobernanza en federaciones deportivas, la importancia de la consagración del derecho al deporte y la inclusión social a través de éste. El libro contempla temas analizados desde una perspectiva de género como: la brecha salarial en el deporte, la actitud de los futbolistas según el género mediante un estudio de actas arbitrales y los estereotipos y violencia de género presente en los esports.
Hodnocení písemných slohových prací v německé a české didaktice – komparativní pohled
Authors: Krátký Hynek , Šmejkalová Martina
Published: October 2023

Studie se zabývá komparací přístupů k hodnocení písemných slohových prací v německém a českém prostředí. Českou a německou didaktiku národního (mateřského) jazyka sice rozděluje typologická rozdílnost němčiny a češtiny, ale spojuje je historická blízkost vzdělávacích systémů, stejně jako podobné didaktické přístupy k výuce jazyka. Metodologicky se studie opírá o výběr odborných publikací v prostředí centrálního vyhledávače UKAŽ (prameny české a anglosaské provenience) a vyhledávače Google Scholar (prameny německé provenience). Získaný seznam odborné literatury německé a české oborové didaktiky byl dále rozšiřován o relevantní tituly sekundární literatury obsažené v těchto pramenech. Ze zkoumaných aspektů hodnocení písemných slohových prací se studie zaměřuje zejména na uplatnění kriteriálního hodnocení, přičemž zkoumá různé přístupy k hodnoticím kritériím i jejich váze. Ukazuje výhody přístupů v německy mluvících zemích a nabízí inspiraci pro současné domácí diskuse o hodnocení.
Feature extraction algorithm of anti-jamming cyclic frequency of electronic communication signal
Authors: Yang Xuemei
Published: October 2023

Anti-jamming cyclic frequency feature extraction is an important link in identifying communication interference signals, which is of great significance for eliminating electronic communication interference factors and improving the security of electronic communication environment. However, when the traditional feature extraction technology faces a large number of data samples, the processing capacity is low, and it cannot solve the multi-classification problems. For this type of problem, a method of electronic communication signal anti-jamming cyclic frequency feature extraction based on particle swarm optimization-support vector machines (PSO-SVM) algorithm is proposed. First, the SVM signal feature extraction model is proposed, and then the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used. Optimize the kernel function parameter settings of SVM to raise the classifying quality of the SVM model. Finally, the function of the PSO-SVM signal feature extraction model is tested. The results verify that the PSO-SVM model begins to converge after 60 iterations, and the loss value remains at about 0.2, which is 0.2 lower than that of the SVM technique. The exactitude of signal feature extraction is 90.4%, and the recognition effect of binary phase shift keying signal is the best. The complete rate of signal feature extraction is 85%. This shows that the PSO-SVM model enhances the sensitivity of the anti-jamming cyclic frequency feature, improves the accuracy of the anti-jamming cyclic frequency feature recognition, reduces the running process, reduces the time cost, and greatly increases the performance of the SVM method. The good model performance also improves the application value of the method in the field of electronic communication.
Bursting with Potential: How Sensorimotor Beta Bursts Develop from Infancy to Adulthood
Authors: Rayson Holly , Szul Maciej J. , El-Khoueiry Perla , Debnath Ranjan , Gautier-Martins Marine , Ferrari Pier F. , Fox Nathan , Bonaiuto James J.
Published: October 2023

Beta activity is thought to play a critical role in sensorimotor processes. However, little is known about how activity in this frequency band develops. Here, we investigated the developmental trajectory of sensorimotor beta activity from infancy to adulthood. We recorded EEG from 9-month-old, 12-month-old, and adult humans (male and female) while they observed and executed grasping movements. We analyzed “beta burst” activity using a novel method that combines time-frequency decomposition and principal component analysis. We then examined the changes in burst rate and waveform motifs along the selected principal components. Our results reveal systematic changes in beta activity during action execution across development. We found a decrease in beta burst rate during movement execution in all age groups, with the greatest decrease observed in adults. Additionally, we identified three principal components that defined waveform motifs that systematically changed throughout the trial. We found that bursts with waveform shapes closer to the median waveform were not rate-modulated, whereas those with waveform shapes further from the median were differentially rate-modulated. Interestingly, the decrease in the rate of certain burst motifs occurred earlier during movement and was more lateralized in adults than in infants, suggesting that the rate modulation of specific types of beta bursts becomes increasingly refined with age.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe demonstrate that, like in adults, sensorimotor beta activity in infants during reaching and grasping movements occurs in bursts, not oscillations like thought traditionally. Furthermore, different beta waveform shapes were differentially modulated with age, including more lateralization in adults. Aberrant beta activity characterizes various developmental disorders and motor difficulties linked to early brain injury, so looking at burst waveform shape could provide more sensitivity for early identification and treatment of affected individuals before any behavioral symptoms emerge. More generally, comparison of beta burst activity in typical versus atypical motor development will also be instrumental in teasing apart the mechanistic functional roles of different types of beta bursts.
Board Diversity and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure in ASEAN Banking Industry
Authors: Cakti Reysvana Rukmana , Setiawan Doddy , Aryani Y Anni
Published: October 2023

Purpose : First, to find the determining factors which affects CSR disclosure in the ASEAN banking industry by examining the effect of diversity from gender, board size, and education. Second, observe and analyze the level and variation of ASEAN banking CSR disclosures.Method : This study uses a sample of the ASEAN banking industry with an observation period of 2017-2019. The bank annual report was examined to analyze the bank CSR disclosures using content analysis and panel data analysis.Findings : The inclusive results of this study reveal that there is a positive and significant effect of board education diversity on CSR disclosure of bank. Meanwhile, the diversity for board size and board gender is not significant for bank CSR disclosure. Based on statistical calculations, the level of CSR disclosure of banks varies from 13.09 percent to 27.89 percent, with on average they report each is Thailand 27.89 percent, Philippines 13.09 percent, Malaysia 17.04 percent, Singapore 14.49 percent, and Indonesia 25.17 percent.Novelty : First, this study contributes to the CSR literature, because the banking industry is generally avoided from CSR studies. Second, this study offers empirical evidence of board diversity on CSR disclosure. Third, adopts a cross-country approach across ASEAN rather than just one country. Fourth, present the results of the analysis under the CSR disclosure indicators GRI-G4 : financial service.

Keywords : Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure; Board Diversity; ASEAN; Banking Industry
The Influence of Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, Investment Opportunity Set, and Capital Intensity on Accounting Conservatism with Political Connections as A Moderation Variable
Authors: Agustina Linda , Apriliyani Putri , Jati Kuat Waluyo
Published: October 2023

Purpose : This study investigates how managerial ownership, institutional ownership, investment opportunity sets, and capital intensity affect accounting conservatism moderated by political connections.Method : State-owned companies are the population in this study that went public from 2014 to 2021. A total of 17 companies per year were obtained using purposive sampling (136 units of analysis). Research data were collected using documentation techniques and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques.Findings : The findings indicate a positive relationship between institutional ownership and accounting conservatism and that high capital intensity can reduce accounting conservatism. Meanwhile, managerial ownership and investment opportunity set does not affect accounting conservatism. We also find that political connections cannot moderate the effect of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and investment opportunity sets on accounting conservatism. However, political connections weaken the negative effect of capital intensity on accounting conservatism. Novelty : The originality of this study is in a different research model from previous research. The thing that concerns this research is based on the object used, namely BUMN companies. State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) are the primary channel for the state to carry out its role as an economic actor. However, there are still cases of harmful accounting activities involving SOEs. So this study also emphasizes the existence of political connections, which are suspected to be one of the factors that make it difficult for companies to develop for the better.Keywords : Accounting Conservatism; Managerial Ownership; Institutional Ownership; Investment Opportunity Set; Capital Intensity; Political Connections
Board Diversity and Intellectual Capital Performance of Listed Non-Financial Service Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Tajudeen , Abdulazeez Daniya Adeiza , Saidu Musa
Published: October 2023

Purpose : This study examines the effect of board diversity on the intellectual capital performance of listed non-financial service firms in Nigeria. This is due to the paucity of studies in this area especially within the context of Nigeria even at the instance of the gradual and steady shift from the industrial to information/knowledge based economy.Method : The study employs correlational research design to examine the 44 sampled firms fora period of ten years (2011-2020). Quantitative data extracted from the annual reports of the firms were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and Fixed-Effects regressions.Findings : The regression results revealed that board composition and board size have significant positive effect on intellectual capital performance. However, board ownership has insignificant effect on intellectual capital performance. Consequently, the study failed to reject the second null hypothesis. Novelty : Previous Nigerian studies concentrated on the use of traditional Value Added Intellectual Coefficients (VAIC) which is currently considered inappropriate. Given the previous studies, this study is novel because it uses the Modified Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (MVAIC).Keywords : Board Diversity; Board Composition; Board Ownership; Board Size; Intellectual Capital Performance
Political Connections and Executive Remuneration in Indonesia: Does the Role of Institutional Ownership Matters?
Authors: Kholid Arif Wahyu Nur , Utami Evy Rahman , Kresnawati Etik
Published: October 2023

Purpose : The study aims to examine the role of institutional ownership in moderating the effect of political connections on executive remuneration in Indonesia.

Method : The study uses a quantitative method approach. The population of this study was all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2020. Research data sourced from www.idx.co.id, and OSIRIS. Using the purposive sampling method, 2,275 observations firms were determined. Hypothesis testing was carried out using multiple linear regression for panel data.

Findings : The results revealed that only the main effects influenced executive remuneration. Institutional ownership, political connections positively affected executive remuneration. In addition, the interaction effect of institutional ownership was not shown to moderate the relationship between political connection and executive remuneration. These results suggest that political connection and institutional ownership are necessary to determine executive compensation. Therefore, stakeholders must be aware of the political connection misuse possibility in determining the executive compensation package. On the other hand, institutional ownership may be related to incentive-based pay, which needs to be explored further.

Novelty : The novelty of this study is a new study that examines the phenomenon of political connections to executive remuneration in Indonesia and includes the role of governance-Institutional ownership as a moderating variable. In addition, this study uses the unbalance panel method, which examines all sectors of companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange and observed for 6 periods or 2015 - 2020.

 

Keywords: Corporate Governance; Institutional Ownership; Political Connection; Remuneration