bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lignin to Value-added Chemical Synthesis
Authors: Sharifi Mahdieh , Pothu Ramyakrishna , Boddula Rajender , Inamuddin
Published: January 2020

Background:

There is an increasing demand for innovation in petroleum system replacements.
Towards this aim, lignocellulosic biomass is suggested as a possible sustainable source for the
manufacturing of fuels and chemical production. This paper aims to investigate different kinds of
β-O-4 lignin model compounds for the production of value-added chemicals in the presence of ionic
liquids. Especially, cheap β-O-4 lignin model guaiacol glycerol ether (GGE) (Guaifenesin) is introduced
to produce valuable chemicals and novel products.

Methods:

The research related to chemical depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass activity is
reviewed and an account of different methods such as thermal and microwave for the last 10 years is
presented. So, this work provides an excellent background for academic research and it gives an efficient
strategy for the manufacturing of novel value-added chemicals at an industrial scale.

Results:

The review concludes that ionic liquid microwave-assisted synthesis is a power-saving,
cost-efficient, fast reaction, and clean way with high selectively and purity for the production of
high-value chemicals rather than conventional heating. Guaiacol and catechol are some of these valuable
chemicals produced from β-O-4 lignin model compounds with high demands and large industrial
scale prospects.

Conclusion:

The β-O-4 lignin model compounds such as guaiacol glycerol ether (GGE) (Guaifenesin)
are a good platform for developing food materials, perfumery, biorefinery, and pharmaceutical
industry by ionic liquids-assisted lignin depolymerization method.
Design, Synthesis and Antitubercular Evaluation of New Benzimidazole Scaffolds
Authors: Yadav Smriti , Inturi Bharath Kumar , B.R Shrinidhi , H.J Pooja , Ganesh Neenu , Pujar Gurubasavaraj V.
Published: January 2020

Background:

To overcome one of the resistance mechanisms of Isoniazid (INH), there is a need
for an antitubercular agent that can inhibit InhA enzyme by circumventing the formation of INH-NAD+
adduct.

Objective:

The objective of the study is the development of novel antitubercular agents that target Mycobacterium
tuberculosis InhA (Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase).

Methods:

A small-molecule chemical library was used for the identification of the novel InhA inhibitors
using primary screening and molecular docking studies followed by the scaffold hopping approach. The
designed molecules, 2-(2-(hydroxymethyl)-1H- benzo[d] imidazole-1-yl)- N- substituted acetamides were
synthesized by reacting (1H- benzo[d]imidazole -2-yl)methanol with appropriate 2-chloro-N-substituted
acetamides / dialkylamino carbonyl chlorides respectively in good yields (42-65%). The antitubercular activity
of synthesized compounds was determined by Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) against Mycobacterium
tuberculosis H37Rv strain. The selected compounds were screened for cytotoxicity on normal
cell lines.

Results:

The antitubercular activity data revealed that the 4-chlorophenyl substituted derivative (3b)
showed good MIC value at 6.25 μg/mL and, dimethylacetamide substituted derivative (3i) showed MIC at
25 μg/mL among the tested compounds. The substitution of dimethylacetamide (3i) group on the 1st position
of benzimidazole has good antitubercular activity (25μg/mL) in comparison to the diethyl acetamide
group (3j, 100μg/mL).

Conclusion:

The antitubercular activity data indicated that the tested compounds exhibited well to moderate
inhibition of the H37Rv strains. The compounds (3b) with electronegative substitution on the phenyl
moiety exhibited better antitubercular activity than that of the other substitutions. The active compounds
have displayed a good safety profile on normal cell lines.
Development of taste preference visualization system specialized for green tea
Authors: Etoh Shinichi
Published: January 2020

Eating is something we all do. We need to in order to survive. However, beyond mere sustenance, food and cooking is something all cultures have embraced. Every part of the world has its own distinct ingredients and dishes that exploit different flavours. An essential ingredient for
the evolution of these cuisines is the ability humans have to taste. Our sense of taste allows us to distinguish between the different ingredients, combinations of ingredients and preparation styles and, more importantly, to decide what we do and do not enjoy. Everyone has a unique pallet
of flavours and foods they enjoy dictated by the sense of taste. Dr Shinichi Etoh is a food technology expert and researcher at the Department of Information Network Engineering at the Kurume Institute of Technology. He explains that experiencing taste requires a sophisticated set of physiological
structures and processes. 'These detect subtle differences in the molecules that make up food at the point of contact, the mouth and tongue, which then transmit this information to the brain,' outlines Etoh. The complexity of this system, like all human senses, is difficult to unravel for
researchers and even harder to duplicate artificially. The goal of developing a system to visualise human palatability has been elusive but researchers are closing in on viable designs for such a product and with it, they hope to build a system with which unique consumer preferences can be
accurately quantified, adding to the modern trend of ever more customisable products designed to appeal to each person individually.
Device Physics of Low-Voltage Transistor Using Gate-Induced Phase Transition
Authors: Yajima Takeaki
Published: January 2020

Since its discovery and the devices used to harness it, electricity has dominated the technological advances of our society. From lightbulbs to household appliances electricity brought our homes and our cities to life and made once laborious tasks routine. Then with the advent of circuits
used for computing we took yet another step forward and now each one of us likely has a number of portable devices with immense data storage and computing power in our cell phones and laptops. By no means does progress in these fields show any sign of slowing down. Constant demands for smaller
and faster devices with even more storage push material and electrical engineers to explore the limits of conventional circuits and the materials we use to build them. Now, as once theoretical concepts like the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) become realities the
need for even better circuits is ever more critical. At the heart of this technology are materials that have different properties which allow them to conduct electricity or not; termed conductors or insulators, respectively. Metals and salts are good conductors while things like paper and
plastic make good insulators. Combinations of these materials, think of a metal wire encased in plastic, allowed for the first electronic hardware. However, the use of semiconductors, a material whose properties can vary between that of a conductor and insulator, paved the way for modern technology.
Expert materials engineer Assistant Professor Takeaki Yajima, explains that with a semiconductor the electricity or electrical signal can be manipulated or turned on and off giving designers the ability to create functional circuits on chips that carry out a variety of tasks and form the basis
of nearly all advanced electronical and communications devices. 'Despite all these qualities, the next generations of electronics will require new types of functional materials to keep up with the increasing demands on performance.'
Establishment of new management method of specific domain for realization of Internet management method
Authors: Odagiri Kazuya
Published: January 2020

Since the inception of the internet in 1989, manual tasks have become automated to such an extent that organisations around the world would find it impossible to function without the internet. As more and more organisations have come to rely on the internet, and the workers of these
organisations have been given access to the internet in order to perform their daily tasks, decisions over policies and proper use have become an important necessity. Some of these policies have been put in place to determine which individuals can access specific resources and when these resources
are available, not least because there are limits to bandwidth which can cause blockages in systems and bring companies to a halt. One of the most well-known systems is Policy-Based Network Management (PBNM) which enables IT administrators to put measures in place that manage network resources
and ensure the bandwidth of any given network is allocated to specific users in an appropriate manner. While this typically applies to single organisations, a team based at the Sugiyama Jogakuen University in Japan is hoping to study a PBNM that covers an entire internet system.
EU-Japan collaboration: partnership priorities
Authors: Sharp Lucy
Published: January 2020

The priority areas for future EU-Japan S&T collaboration were decided on the basis of the 4th EU-Japan Joint S&T Committee, which took place in November 2017. They are: ICT; transport (including aeronautics); and nanosafety, advanced materials and regulatory science.
Development of a group of robotic tools that comprehensively support healthy independent walking of the elderly
Authors: Ito Tomotaka
Published: January 2020

It is well documented that in Japan, the population is ageing rapidly. Indeed, people aged 65 and older already make up one-quarter of the country's total population, and this is expected to reach one-third by the year 2036. The health and wellbeing of the elderly is at risk, with a
burden of chronic illness in the older population, as well as issues associated with decreased mobility and increased likelihood of falls. Tomotaka Ito, based at Shizuoka University, Japan is working to develop a group of robotic tools to support the elderly to walk independently and live
full and healthy lives. Ito's research involves exploring innovative ways to assist the elderly in living independent and fully functional lives. He is doing this through robotic tools that can help with day-to-day activities such as walking and help to prevent falls.
New crystallography using relativistic femtosecond electron pulses
Authors: Yang Jinfeng
Published: January 2020

Ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) with femtosecond temporal resolution has long been a cherished dream tool for scientists wishing to study ultrafast structural dynamics in materials, appealing to researchers from across a wide range of speciality areas. Associate Professor Jinfeng
Yang, from the Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, at Osaka University in Japan, leads a team working on ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) and ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) development. 'Through the study of ultrafast phenomena with the UEM, we hope to gain a deeper understanding
of materials and their physical properties and achieve a novel breakthrough in materials science,' he highlights. 'We fully expect to facilitate new knowledge and discoveries as a result of our work.' The team's work on relativistic UEM has led to the creation of unprecedented innovative technology
that enables femtosecond atomic-scale imaging using just a single shot measurement. This will pave the way for the study of dynamics of irreversible processes within materials sciences. Not only does the group's work represent a huge step forward in innovative technology for researchers working
across a number of scientific fields, but it is also progress in developing a very compact, ultra-high voltage electron microscopy. It can also be used in a variety of settings such as general research institutions and laboratories. In addition, through its provision of a solution to the problem
of femtosecond temporal resolution our technology is breaking new ground in electronic microscopy developments,' says Yang.
Clarification of bactericidal effect using controllable nanostructures
Authors: Ito Takeshi
Published: January 2020

Professor Takeshi Ito, a researcher based in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kansai University in Japan, has a particular interest in micro and nano fabrication technologies and their various applications. Ito is particularly interested in their applications in biotechnology
and is working to develop biosensing devices and biomimicking materials using nanostructures. These devices and materials could have multiple applications in myriad settings. For example, nanostructure-based bactericidal material has the ability to kill bacteria with antimicrobial resistance
and could have a number of applications, such as for medical apparatus in hospitals.
Understanding of social behaviour in human collective motions with non-trivial rule of control
Authors: Fujii Keisuke
Published: January 2020

The coordination and movement of people in large crowds, during sports games or when socialising, seems readily explicable. Sometimes this occurs according to specific rules or instructions such as in a sport or game, at other times the motivations for movement may be more focused around
an individual's needs or fears. Over the last decade, the computational ability to identify and track a given individual in video footage has increased. The conventional methods of how data is gathered and interpreted in biology rely on fitting statistical results to particular models or hypotheses.
However, data from tracking movements in social groups or team sports are so complex as they cannot easily analyse the vast amounts of information and highly varied patterns. The author is an expert in human behaviour and machine learning who is based at the Graduate School of Informatics
at Nagoya University. His challenge is to bridge the gap between rule-based theoretical modelling and data-driven modelling. He is employing machine learning techniques to attempt to solve this problem, as a visiting scientist in RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project.
Evolutionary Soft Robotics
Authors: Ogawa Jun
Published: January 2020

Soft robotics is a subfield of robots that deals with constructing robots from soft, elastic materials similar to those found in living organisms. These robots offer a particular set of advantages compared with conventional rigid robots. For example, in medicine they can be used in
drug delivery and non-invasive surgical procedures, and be employed as assistive devices, prostheses or artificial organs. The field takes great inspiration from the way living organisms move and adapt to their surroundings, and the flexibility and adaptability of soft robots make them invaluable
tools. Dr Jun Ogawa is an Associate Professor in the Institute of Organic Materials at Yamagata University, Japan. His key research interests are soft matter robotics and embodied artificial intelligence (AI).
Seguridad cooperativa como medida de prevención y respuesta de la Unión Europea
Authors: Delgado Morán Juan José , Jiménez Reina Jonnathan , Jiménez Reina Roger
Published: January 2020

Europa ha vivido el periodo de paz más extenso de su historia desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Sin embargo, esta “tranquilidad” ha sido interrumpida por los ataques terroristas contemporáneos. Hoy se necesita una Unión Europea fuerte, capaz de delimitar y fortalecer su política exterior, seguridad y defensa común para considerarse un actor político. Se presentan dos líneas para un nuevo sistema de seguridad para la región: dos organizaciones que integran las democracias liberales con intereses comunes (OTAN y UE). Además, una organización con una vocación menos inclusiva generada a partir de la CSCE (actualmente OSCE), para servir de punto de encuentro y crear la confianza entre sus miembros. Con estos escenarios, se busca tratar los asuntos de seguridad, mantener la paz y evitar el uso de la fuerza.
Experiencias de procesos de desminado humanitario en Colombia desde la perspectiva de los desminadores
Authors: Macías Montoya José Aldemar , Corcione Nieto Maria Antonieta
Published: January 2020

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo destacar la experiencia y las buenas prácticas en desminado humanitario (DH) realizadas en Colombia por parte de los efectivos del Ejército Nacional, a partir del análisis de entrevistas realizadas a cinco desminadores pertenecientes a la institución. Los entrevistados evidencian que el DH es efectivo cuando privilegia el trabajo con las autoridades locales y las comunidades que habitan y transitan los territorios afectados. El DH está vinculado con la gestión de riesgo de desastres, como actividad realizada en Colombia de acuerdo con los convenios internacionales y las normativas nacionales. Además de evidenciar la importancia de los conocimientos de los desminadores en la parte técnica y en el valor social que tienen sus acciones, se identificaron dificultades a superar para el éxito cabal de estas misiones.
Innovaciones tecnológicas en las fuerzas militares de los países del mundo
Authors: Espitia Cubillos Anny Astrid , Agudelo Calderón Jairo Andrés , Buitrago Suescún Óscar Yecid
Published: January 2020

Las fuerzas militares están a la vanguardia de las innovaciones tecnológicas, lo que les permite ejercer mayor control, protección y seguridad en el territorio. Este articulo presenta una revisión preliminar de los avances tecnológicos en el mundo, mediante la exploración de las noticias en las páginas web oficiales de cada país. La información recolectada fue categorizada en 18 áreas para identificar tendencias. Las innovaciones brindan herramientas técnicas eficaces para el cumplimiento de las misiones. Las categorías de vehículos, armas (de corto y largo alcance) y defensa son las más avanzadas, seguidas por las de aeronaves, comunicación, entrenamiento y logística; en las áreas de robots, sensores y ciberseguridad se pronostica crecimiento. Países como Rusia, China y Estados Unidos cuentan con mayor número de innovaciones, capital humano y económico, los demás pueden catalogarse como seguidores.
Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible
Authors: Barrero-Barrero David , Baquero-Valdés Fabio
Published: January 2020

En este artículo se reflexiona sobre el contraste entre justicia y contrato social frente al incremento de escenarios inseguros y las expectativas de desarrollo sostenible del siglo XXI en un mundo globalizado. Se exponen las razones de la desconfianza mundial generalizada que aumentan desde mediados del siglo pasado hasta la actualidad y que afectan las expectativas de un mundo seguro en camino al desarrollo sostenible. Se evidencia lo pactado en el contrato social posmoderno en los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) como la última oportunidad para reorientar la convivencia igualitaria de la humanidad, sin comprometer las próximas generaciones como lo manifiesta John Rawls. Se insiste en la importancia de la confianza en el desarrollo y la seguridad planteada en los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible como característica esencial de la posmodernidad.
Programa de cuadrantes en Ciudad de México
Authors: Páez Murillo Carlos Augusto , Peón Escalante Ignacio Enrique , Baracaldo Sierra Sandra Milena
Published: January 2020

La creciente inseguridad en la Ciudad de México ha puesto en consideración de las autoridades policiales nuevas formas para enfrentar hechos delictivos. Por ello, se explora aquí la estrategia de seguridad denominada Programa de Cuadrantes de la Ciudad de México, de acuerdo con el modelo de sistema viable y la metodología de autotransformación. Se analizó la percepción ciudadana de efectividad del programa y se identificaron las brechas para posibles transformaciones. Posteriormente, se abordó el tema de seguridad y delincuencia en el contexto reciente en un espacio delimitado de la capital mexicana. Se observa que el programa por cuadrantes no tiene la efectividad esperada, por lo cual la población tiene una mala, regular o nula relación con la policía.
Recruitment and Retention of Parents of Adolescents in a Text Messaging Trial (MyTeen): Secondary Analysis From a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Chu Joanna Ting Wai , Wadham Angela , Jiang Yannan , Stasiak Karolina , Shepherd Matthew , Bullen Christopher
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Parenting programs are well established as an effective strategy for enhancing both parenting skills and the well-being of the child. However, recruitment for family programs in clinical and nonclinical settings remains low.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the recruitment and retention methods used in a text messaging program (MyTeen) trial for parents of adolescents (10-15 years) and identify key lessons learned. We aim to provide insights and direction for researchers who seek to recruit parents and build on the limited literature on recruitment and retention strategies for parenting program trials.

METHODS

A recruitment plan was developed, monitored, and modified as needed throughout the course of the project. Strategies to facilitate recruitment were identified (eg, program content and recruitment material, staff characteristics, and study procedures). Traditional and web-based recruitment strategies were used.

RESULTS

Over a 5-month period, 319 parents or caregivers expressed interest in our study, of which 221 agreed to participate in the study, exceeding our recruitment target of 214 participants. Attrition was low at the 1-month (4.5% overall; intervention group: n=5, 4.6%; control group: n=5, 4.5%) and 3-month follow-ups (9% overall; intervention group: n=10, 9.2%; control group: n=10, 8.9%).

CONCLUSIONS

The use of web-based recruitment strategies appeared to be most effective for recruiting and retaining parents in a text-messaging program trial. However, we encountered recruitment challenges (ie, underrepresentation of ethnic minority groups and fathers) similar to those reported in the literature. Therefore, efforts to engage ethnic minorities and fathers are needed.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618000117213; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=374307
UPDATE OF THE CRAWL, WALK, RUN METHODOLOGY FRAMEWORK
Authors: Filipović Jelena
Published: January 2020

This study updated the Crawl, Walk, Run methodology framework (CWRM) for the current digital marketing circumstances, observed in the context of the artistic community in virtual space. Four main premises of CRWM have been considered in order to address the effectiveness of online campaigns based on the  laddering support through tiers of engagement (personal, social, advocating); empowering super users; providing source materials for user-generated content; and using tools people are familiar with. The analysis was performed on the data collected from the online community which has operated for 43 days. Data on the number of registered users, their interactions with web site content and showcased artworks were gathered. The specific online platform was created for the purpose of this research and the campaign for its promotion was conducted both in Serbia and globally. The materials for direct communications (email, instant messaging), social media promotion (social networks, blogs) and public relations (articles in online and traditional media) were created. CRWM was proved to be efficient framework for the establishment of online presence of the artistic community. However, we propose that social networks should be introduced in the stage three instead of in the stage four, due to the increase of their applications compared to the time when the CRWM was formulated. All activities once they start should be maintained and performed throughout the campaign lifetime. This study represents one of the first efforts aimed at updating of the CRWM theoretical framework and provides business community with hands-on solutions in modern digital marketing.
¿Quiénes son pobres? Análisis de su identificación en América Latina
Authors: Villatoro Pablo , Santos Maria Emma
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo examina de forma empírica la solidez de identificación de los pobres mediante tres tipos de análisis usando datos de 2012 de cinco países de América Latina. Los resultados sugieren que el método monetario y el multidimensional nomonetario por separado son insuficientes para identificar la pobreza de manera comprehensiva, que parece conveniente el uso de umbrales de pobreza intermedios en el índice multidimensional y que la tipificación de grupos de pobreza hacia adentro de los países es sensible a la selección de dicho umbral. Lo anterior reafirma la necesidad de alcanzar consensos sobre la definición de pobreza en los países de la región.
Kadi Courts in the Ottoman Balkans and Christians in 18th Century (According to the Sofia Documents)
Authors: Leontieva A. A.
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the status of Christian population of Sofia under the Ottoman rule and legal pluralism. The aim of the investigation is to analyze the degree of integration of Christians to the Ottoman system of law and to understand the reasons of Christian’s access to the Shari‘a courts. The legal status of Christians in the Ottoman Empire was defined by the so-called Millet system. The Orthodoxies in Ottoman Empire had three ways of resolving their disputes: they could turn to the Episcopal court, the communal court or the Ottoman court, which made a decision according to Shari‘a and Kanun. As it could be argued, on the contrary to popular belief, Christian’s going to Shari‘a courts were not rare. They had the opportunity to choose what kind of court to prefer for resolving their personal and family disputes.
The Primordial in the Philosophy of Nasir Khusraw
Authors: Korneeva T. G.
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the problem of determining the primordial in the philosophy of Nasir Khusraw, the Isma‘ili thinker of the 11th century. It seems to be an obvious answer that «the primordial is God», but this statement becomes impossible in Isma‘ilism due to the absolute separation of the transcendent incomprehensible God from the world manifested in intelligible and sensuous diversity. The article deals with the origins of the problem of the relationship of the single original and the multiple world, gives a brief overview of solutions to this issue by different schools of Arab Muslim philosophy. Within the framework of Isma‘ilism, two schemes of the process of creation of the universe were proposed, one of which was actively developed by Nasir Khusraw. According to the views of the Isma‘ili philosopher, the basis of all things is the word of God: it has an absolute being and potentially contains all things. The consequence of the word of God is the Universal Mind, which is endowed with the necessary being and has knowledge of all things. The Universal Soul, which emerges from the Universal Mind, has the power to create and thereby materializes the knowledge of the Universal Mind in the diversity of the material world. So, what can be called the initial? God, in fact, is taken out of the field of reasoning, He only speaks His word. The word of God is the cause of all things, but it does not give existence to the world. The world is created by the universal Soul, it is its Creator, but the Universal Soul itself is the creation of the Universal Mind, the consequence of the word of God. In Nasir Khusraw’s doctrine of being it is impossible to distinguish a single primordial, its functions are distributed between the word of God, his inseparable consequence the Universal Mind and the Universal Soul which derived from the Mind.
ANALISIS PEMIKIRAN IBNU HAZM TENTANG KESAKSIAN WANITA DALAM PIDANA ZINA
Authors: Umar Mukhsin Nyak
Published: January 2020

Testimony is valid evidence to obtain legal certainty. Of proof in criminal adultery with a request for information made four male witnesses as represented in the texts of the Koran. Ibnu Hazm practice texts generality arba'ati syuhadÃ¢ include men and women and reject hadis munqathiâ€™ basis for justification of testimony limited to the male gender only. This argument is the basis for Ibn Hazm allow women to testify in a criminal adultery while guided by the principle of equality of men and women. In addition, Ibnu Hazm also rejected the psychological condition of women as a reason for refusing the testimony of women in certain fields. This condition can be anticipated by the number of witnesses more women than men, because the Qur'an clearly define terms that are fair witness is owned by men and women.

Keywords : Saksi, Wanita, Pidana Zina.
TINDAK PIDANA PENCUCIAN UANG (MONEY LAUNDERING) DAN STRATEGI PEMBERANTASAN
Authors: Ayumiati Ayumiati
Published: January 2020

Money laundering is a criminal offense had been committed in order to disguise the origin of the wealth that was haram to be halal. Thus the launderer can develop, especially the illegal business of narcotics crimes. Crimes related to narcotics money laundering because of drug crimes are crimes of origin (predicate crime), and advanced money laundering is a crime (crime derivative). The birth of anti-money laundering regime is internationally starts with the issuance United Nations Conventions Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances in 1988 which is the culmination of the crime of money laundering combating illicit narcotics and psychotropic substances. In 2002 and 2003 the government of Indonesia passed legislation that is anti-money laundering Law No. 15 Year 2002 jo. Act No. 23 of 2003 in which a drug crime as evil places of origin of money laundering.

Keywords : Tindak Pidana, Money Laundering
HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA PADA MASA ORDE BARU (1966-1997)
Authors: Alidar EMK
Published: January 2020

During the new order, led by President Soeharto, was a period in which the development of Islamic law seems to stagnate and not grow. It is not independent because of the political policy of the new order government highly extol the sole basis of Pancasila in every aspect of life of the nation. So that the ideologies other than that are to be mitigated as much as possible including religious ideology undertaken to minimize its existence. However, at the end of the period of the reign of the new order regime, there was some very significant changes to the development of Islamic law in Indonesia with the birth of several laws that breathe of Islam.

Keywordi: Hukum Islam, Orde Baru
SYARIAT ISLAM PADA DINASTI DI ASIA Telaah Kritis Tipologi Mujtahid dan Geneologi Intelektual
Authors: Melayu Hasnul Arifin
Published: January 2020

Implementation of Islamic law in Aceh is inseparable from its historical context in the history of Islam. Struggle of ideas between religion and state, the influence of the power system and outside the Islamic tradition and social conditions into one format forming Islamic law itself. In addition, the existence of a mujtahid in the struggle also gives an important role. This article will explore specifically about the existence of a mujtahid and their intellectual genealogy in dynasty in Asia, especially the Ottoman and Mughal. This study aims to describe the trip codification of Islamic law in some Muslim region. By doing so, there is the exposure of the expected phases of the codification of Islamic law that can be used as input in the process of implementation of Islamic law in Aceh.

Kata kunci: syariat Islam, tipologi, geneologi mujitahid
FARAQ DALAM PERNIKAHAN SINDIKET DI JOHOR MALAYSIA DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PENANGANAN NIKAH SIRRI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Khairani Khairani
Published: January 2020

Marriage sindiket almost similar meaning with marriage Sirri Indonesia. Johor Malaysia wedding sindiket has caused a lot of problems in the community, especially about the validity of his marriage. Faraq or annulment of marriage is a way for the completion of a dubious marriage. so immoral that occur from dubious marriage not continues. Faraq mechanism in this sindiket marriage has been defined in Enakmen 17 of 2003 Islamic Family Law. Court that decides whether the marriage can be forwarded or difaraq sindiket. The factors that led to a marriage should sindiket difaraq partly because the elements of the pillars of marriage are not met. Faraq provisions in this sindiket marriage should be able to consider in preventing and addressing issues arising from the consequences of marriage Sirri in Indonesia.

Kata kunci: faraq, pernikahan sindiket, nikah siri
PARTAI POLITIK DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Adan Hasanuddin Yusuf
Published: January 2020

A political party is a tool for human person or group of people to reach the power that can be set in accordance with the provisions of the country in the political parties. Originally Islam does not recognize political parties in determining the executive and state power, but in tune with the times difficult for Muslims who inhabit countries today to not wear a political party in control and manage the state. Islamic political experts differ between one another with respect to whether or not the state should Muslim majority wear and use political parties as one of the attributes of the state, they allow and others do not. Eventgouh conditions and situations often affect to something new that matters dealing with Islam and Muslims. In this age where the world is ruled by non-Muslim world institutions of the United Nations (UN) then be mistaken for Muslims not to accept and use the political parties in the Muslim majority country. The most important note in the atmosphere as it is the practice of the Muslims belong to a party must not follow the practice of non-Muslims who justify the means. Islamic Ummah must maintain originality of morality in politics so that the political party that sponsored the non-Muslims in Muslim practice became Islamic.

Kata Kunci: Partai, politik, perspektif, Islam
DIVERSI DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA ANAK DI INDONESIA DAN TINJAUANNYA MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Hirdayadi Israr , Susanti Hera
Published: January 2020

Penanganan anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum seringkali disamakan dengan penanganan orang dewasa yang melakukan tindak pidana. Menanggapi kenakalan remaja, secara yuridis di Indonesia, perlindungan hukum terhadap anak dapat dijumpai di berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan seperti yang terkandung dalam Keputusan Presiden No. 36 Tahun 1990, yang mana hal tersebut merupakan ratifikasi dari konvensi PBB yang terkait dengan Hak Anak, yang mencakup Undang-Undang No. 4 Tahun 1979 tentang Kesejahteraan Anak, Undang-Undang No. 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia serta Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 1 Tahun 2016 tentang perubahan kedua atas Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Semua peraturan perundang-undangan tersebut bertujuan untuk menciptakan kesejahteraan yang dianggap dapat menjadi solusi terbaik bagi anak. Setelah Undang-Undang No. 3 Tahun 1997 menuai kritik dari berbagai kalangan, pemerintah mencoba melakukan trobosan baru dengan mengesahkan Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Anak menjadi undang-undang sebagai pengganti Undang-Undang No. 3 Tahun 1997. Langkah pemerintah tersebut dinilai lebih maju karena dalam undang-undang sistem peradilan pidana anak yang baru ada upaya diversi yang diadopsi dari The Beijing Rules yang menggunakan pendekatan restorative justice. Yang menjadi fokus kajian penulis lebih kepada penelusuran kesesuaian antara ide diversi tersebut dengan hukum Islam, dalam hal ini penulis menggunakan teori al-shulh. Pertanyaan penelitian dalam skripsi ini adalah bagaimana konsep diversi dalam Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2012, bagaimana proses diversi dalam undang-undang sistem peradilan pidana anak di Indonesia dan bagaimana kesesuaian antara diversi dengan hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library reseach), dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dan pendekatan yang bersifat deskriptif komparatif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa adanya kesesuaian antara diversi dengan hukum Islam, yaitu mengedepankan penyelesaian perkara secara kekeluargaan. Selain itu, orientasi sulh menggunakan victim oriented, demikian halnya dengan diversi yang ada dalam undang-undang sistem peradilan anak.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA API PARA CHATBOTS DE VENDAS E GESTÃO DE SEGUROS
Authors: Valmorbida Willian , Hart Lucas Medeiros
Published: January 2020

Com o crescente avanço tecnológico, as empresas possuem muitos dados sobre os clientes, mas poucas conseguem utilizar essas informações para melhorar seu atendimento, ou não possuem pessoal suficiente para cobrir um atendimento 24hs, pois há um custo muito elevado de operação. No mercado de seguros não é diferente, as seguradoras dividem a responsabilidade de atendimento e venda para as corretoras de seguro, que atuam mais próximos do seu público. Este trabalho apresenta uma alternativa para este problema, com o desenvolvimento de uma API para chatbots utilizando processamento de linguagem natural, visando auxiliar as corretoras na venda e atendimento de seus clientes. O levantamento de requisitos necessários para o desenvolvimento desta aplicação foi feito através de entrevistas com profissionais da área. A partir deste levantamento definiu-se um modelo de uma API em Python que utiliza bibliotecas do Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) para o Processamento de Linguagem Natural (PLN), disponibilizando serviços em REST. Um protótipo foi desenvolvido para validar a proposta, integrando a API ao Facebook Messenger. Para a integração entre os sistemas de gestão e multicálculo o mesmo modelo de comunicação foi utilizado. Após o desenvolvimento de um protótipo, o mesmo foi disponibilizado para testes, utilizando uma corretora real. Durante os testes, os clientes da corretora puderam avaliar o desempenho do protótipo através de uma pesquisa qualitativa que revelou resultados satisfatórios; também foi elaborada uma pesquisa qualitativa ao gestor da corretora, que qualificou o protótipo como mediano, porém, ainda não podendo determinar o impacto real para sua corretora.
COMPETÊNCIAS E HABILIDADES DO EGRESSO DE CURSO DE EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Gonzatti Helen Cristina , Ahlert Edson Moacir
Published: January 2020

Em um mundo do trabalho em evolução é necessário profissionais sempre mais competitivos. Atualmente, dois requisitos possuem destaque dentre recrutadores e empresas, são as habilidades e competências. O mercado de trabalho requer pessoas conscientes da realidade, com uma educação prática e útil, que resolvam problemas e enfrentem imprevistos. Os cursos de educação profissional ou técnicos são focados no aprendizado da profissão, normalmente contemplando boa parte da carga horária em atividades práticas, com o objetivo de formar indivíduos com conhecimentos e habilidades na sua área de formação. A criação das Diretrizes Nacionais Curriculares para a Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio e dos Referenciais Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação Profissional ajudaram a construir os planos de curso incluindo as competências e habilidades necessárias em cada área. Para os recrutadores, um profissional competitivo deve possuir conhecimentos teóricos e práticos sobre procedimentos empíricos, sociais e cognitivos. Assim, as escolas que oferecem cursos técnicos devem saber quais são as demandas da sociedade e do mercado de trabalho. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi pesquisar, junto a empresas de diversos segmentos, no entorno da Universidade do Vale do Taquari – Univates, para saber quais os requisitos mais importantes na formação desses profissionais de nível técnico, e assim poder contribuir com a qualidade dos cursos ofertados pelo seu Centro de Educação Profissional. Um questionário possibilitou conhecer a opinião dos empregadores e perceber que algumas das competências profissionais mais buscadas são a interação com clientes, a atuação na busca e resolução de problemas, e que, as habilidades interpessoais como a ética e a iniciativa estão entre os fatores mais carentes.
APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM PROBLEMAS COMO METODOLOGIA ATIVA NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Klein Niumar André , Ahlert Edson Moacir
Published: January 2020

A demanda cada vez maior do mundo do trabalho por profissionais com características voltadas à capacidade de iniciativa, flexibilidade, autonomia e trabalho em equipe, levou as instituições de ensino profissionalizante à necessidade de se adaptarem a essa nova realidade social. Para formar esse novo perfil de estudante a Educação Profissional deve deixar de lado as metodologias tradicionais de ensino focadas na memorização e na transmissão do conteúdo e promover metodologias ativas cuja aprendizagem se dá por meio da reflexão e problematização de experiências reais. Portanto, com este artigo, objetiva-se apresentar a experiência de aula na promoção da utilização da metodologia ativa de Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (PBL) para o desenvolvimento de uma atividade dita situação-problema alinhada ao contexto de formação profissional técnica dos alunos. Após a contextualização teórica das metodologias ativas, da PBL e de sua relação com a Educação Profissional, apresenta-se o planejamento, a atividade e o processo pelo qual conduziu-se este estudo. Como avaliação da atividade propôs-se um questionário cujos dados levaram a uma análise quali-quantitativa da percepção do discente no seu processo de aprendizado. Os resultados da análise levaram à conclusão de que o método PBL contribuiu de modo relevante para o processo de aprendizagem dos alunos, logo, contribuindo para a formação do perfil profissional desejado.
Soft Power Determinants in the World and Implications for China
Authors: LAI HONGYI
Published: January 2020

Statistical tests are here conducted on two explanations of soft power. One is Joseph Nye's argument that political values, foreign policy and cultural appeals shape soft power, and the other is the positive peace argument which suggests a significant influence of the Global Peace Index (GPI) on soft power.Two measures of soft power are employed – the favourability of major powers in global public opinion polls and the Soft Power 30 Index. The latter gauges the magnitude of soft power. When the former measure, which  indicates the positiveness of soft power, is adopted the three soft power resources provide less explanatory power than per capita GDP and especially the GPI. When the Soft Power 30 Index is used, only foreign policy independent of the United States contributes positively to soft power. The GPI and non-soft power-relatedcultural exports (NSPCE) then take on a negative role because a number of nations in the index achieve very high rankings with a relatively poor GPI or small NSPCE. As far as China is concerned, its ranking in 2018 in the Soft Power 30 Index declined due to impressive improvement among other ranked nations and global public scepticism towards its foreign policy and its cultural exports.
China's Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area: A Primer
Authors: Liu Kerry
Published: January 2020

On 18 February 2019, China released the 'Development Plan Outline for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA)'. This study presents the most up-to-date analysis on the GBA, including its history, importance and institutional arrangement; its significance vis-à-vis the integration of Hong Kong and Macau to China, to the One Belt One Road initiative, to the Made in China 2025 plan and to China's wider economicgrowth; and offers a prediction on the GBA's future and the challenges ahead.
State Intervention, Globalization and the Evolution of Malaysian Banks' Identities
Authors: WHAH CHIN YEE
Published: January 2020

This article describes and explains the evolution of Malaysia's locally owned banks in a series of mergers and acquisitions within national borders and beyond. It argues that state intervention, external economic and financial crises and the liberalization of the financial sector have compelled the consolidation of local banks in Malaysia. The consolidation process has resulted in the increased size of state-owned banks, decreased the number of local Chinese-owned banks and seen a decline in family shareholding in the remaining Chinese-controlled banks. Through regional expansion both Chinese-controlled and stateowned operations have become large-scale regionally based banking groups or global banks, deepening the financial integration in ASEAN countries.
Efficacy and toxicity of insecticides to green peach aphid
Authors: Lima Neto Jaconias Escócio , Rolim Guilherme Gomes , Maria Susanne Lúcia Silva de , Watanabe Sara Yuri Medeiros , Mendes Thalita Christine Lima
Published: January 2020

Outbreaks of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations are not rare in Brassica crops in Pernambuco State (Brazil). The aim of the present study was to perform laboratory assessments in seven insecticide formulations against M. persicae. The direct spray and leaf dip methods were used in the experiment. M. persicae mortality rates were subjected to variance and Probit analyses. Based on the results, thiamethoxam + lambdacyhalothrin, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin and thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole were the most efficient insecticides after 24-hour exposure, since they caused over 95% mortality through the direct spray method. LC50s ranged from 0.10 to 9.1 mg a.i./L in chlorfenapyr and chlorantraniliprole, respectively, in the leaf dip method. All insecticides were effective against M. persicae, except for chlorantraniliprole. Chlorfenapyr, lambda-cyhalothrin, pymetrozine and thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin were the most toxic to this aphid.
Avaliação das propriedades do bagaço de cana e bambu para produção de celulose e papel
Authors: Pego Matheus Felipe Freire , Bianchi Maria Lúcia , Veiga Tais Regina Lima Abreu
Published: January 2020

The raw materials commonly used to produce pulp and paper in Brazil are woods from planted forests. Although with tremendous potential, the use of non-wood fibers is inexpressive. This study thus aimed to evaluate the use of sugarcane bagasse and bamboo to produce pulp and paper via physical, chemical and anatomical characterization, and to verify the influence of its properties on the process and the final product. Anatomical analysis of the fibers was performed (length and width from fibers and vessels, lumen width and cell wall thickness), as well as chemical component analysis (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, extractives and ash) and basic density of the materials. Moreover, felting rate, Runkel, Mulsteph and Boiler indexes, flexibility coefficient and wall fraction were generated. Results showed that both materials differed statistically in chemical properties, except for lignin content; density and anatomical properties, excluding vessel width and felting rate. Bamboo presented higher values cellulose (52.96%), minerals (2.34%), density (0.461 g/ cm³), wall fraction (67.84%) and Runkel (2.11), Mulsteph (0.90) and Boiler indices (0.81) values, whereas sugarcane bagasse presented higher hemicellulose (17.63%), extractives (12.81%) and flexibility coefficient (46.19%) values. Most properties were similar to those observed in raw materials commonly used for this purpose. Therefore, these two materials have potential for use in the pulp and paper industries.
The existence of a solution of the two-dimensional direct problem of propagation of the action potential along nerve fibers
Authors: Satybaev A.J. , Kurmanalieva G.S.
Published: January 2020

In this article, we consider a generalized parabolic two-dimensional direct
problem of the process of propagation of the action potential along nerve
fibers. The problem is reduced to a generalized hyperbolic problem using the
Laplace transform. A generalized two-dimensional direct hyperbolic problem is
reduced to a regular hyperbolic problem using methods for rectifying
characteristics and isolating singularities. Using the piecewise-continuous
function, the existence of the solution of the last problem is proved. From
the equivalence of problems it follows that there exists a generalized
solution of the parabolic problem.