bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urbanismos críticos y heterotópicos. Aglomeración, desaglomeración y crisis de la ciudad contemporánea
Authors: Ojeda Rafael
Published: December 2020

Esta investigación tiene como sujeto de análisis, desde el abordaje y problematización de eventos disruptivos, la crisis de la ciudad contemporánea, crisis urbana producto de procesos anómalos presentes en la geografía de la ciudad, otrora referente primordial de la vida buena y civilizada, pero que con el paso de los años ha pasado a experimentar un sinnúmero de procesos negativamente sinérgicos, procesos simultáneos de aglomeración urbana y desaglomeración social, abordados desde una revisión histórico-urbanística que evalúa, sobre todo las transformaciones experimentadas en la ciudad durante los últimos cincuenta años, período en el que los complejos urbanos han empezado a ser afectados por constantes transformaciones, experimentando una contradictora y emergente tendencia hacia la reingeniería y obsolescencia urbana, con la resignificación de sus espacios geográficos y sociales, que está produciendo reacciones críticas y heterotópicas, vía un proceso de sobreextensión en el que suburbia está siendo canibalizada por el crecimiento constante de las grandes metrópolis, transformándose en megalópolis expansivas, desbordadas y caóticas, pero que enfrentan esa proteica imagen de ciudades colapsadas, gentrificadas y modernas vía la tecnologización.
Cuando la biografía y el cuerpo se transforman en una prueba judicial. El caso de Karina: violencia, autodefensa y estado de necesidad justificante
Authors: Castelletti Font Claudia
Published: December 2020

El análisis de género de la biografía, espacio, tiempo, y marcas de violencia en el cuerpo de una mujer pueden servir de defensa y prueba judicial para fundar una eximente de responsabilidad penal. Se examina el único caso chileno en que se ha absuelto a una mujer acusada de dar muerte a su pareja por el estado de necesidad exculpante y los prejuicios de género de la parte acusadora.
¿Otras economías? Experiencias económico sociales y solidarias en el Perú
Authors: Alvarado Castro Ronald Octavio
Published: December 2020

El libro comienza de forma trascendental con la presentación de Cesar Germana quien utiliza de manera formidable el “pensamiento crítico” de Boaventura de Sousa manifestando las falencias del pensamiento positivista, la ideología liberal y la superioridad del pensamiento eurocéntrico; esto por una racionalidad equivocada en los estudios sociales donde “la solidaridad entre los seres humanos y la armonía entre los seres humanos con la naturaleza”es el punto de análisis del libro.
En nombre del gobierno. El Perú y Uchuraccay: un siglo de política campesina
Authors: Álvarez Diego
Published: December 2020

Cuando Uchuraccay es citado inevitable se hace recurrir al recuerdo de las fotografías blanquinegras de la tarde del 26 de enero de 1983. Son estas imágenes acompañadas de un discurso monótono las que proliferan tribunas periodísticas evocando la matanza en esta comunidad, que a la par que condenan el Informe de la Comisión Investigadora reproducen sus sesgos de manera simulada, previsiblemente refiriendo “una memoria” estancada en el tiempo, de arcaicos comuneros dispuestos a la confusión de lo “moderno”, invariable de los sucesos o posiciones que motivan el recuerdo.
25 ensayos desde la pandemia para imaginar el Perú bicentenario
Authors: Munguía Becerra Paul
Published: December 2020

La totalidad de los pueblos es aquello que han de representar los diversos imaginarios de una conmemoración que traen a la memoria colectiva los ideales de una nación cuando se quizo independiente. La coyuntura de la Covid-19 es coincidencia tan infortunada como ocasión propicia que devuelve a la sociedad peruana el sentido esquivar o afrontar sus problemas y oportunidades. Por razones etimológicas y epidemiológicas la pandemia nos une, por cuestiones ontológicas no nos halla como un pueblo en su totalidad. En las diferentes miradas expuestas en los textos de los veinticinco autores encuentro meditaciones de hondo significado para encaminar un diálogo abierto y continuo que tenga como horizonte revolucionar el pacto social y la articulación cultural del Perú republicano bicentenario.
Tasawuf dan Gerakan Tarekat di Indonesia Abad ke-19
Authors: Nasuhi Hamid
Published: December 2020

Artikel ini akan mengungkapkan dinamika yang terjadi pada dunia tasawuf dan tarekat di Indonesia pada abad ke-19. Oleh Clifford Geertz, abad ke-19 ini disebut sebaga abad universalisasi Islam di Indonesia. Fenomena yang tampak menonjol pada abad ini adalah maraknya berbagai pergolakan pada hampir seluruh lapisan sosial untuk menentang penetrasi kolonial Belanda; dan pada satu seginya, pergolakan-pergolakan tersebut mengindikasikan adanya kebangkitan agama Islam.
Implementing and Maintaining an Increased Frequency of Nighttime Education Sessions
Authors: Vater McKenzie R. , Herndon Alison , Browning Whitney , Johnson David P.
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Conferences are an essential component to resident education. Work hour requirements have led to night rotations, causing residents to miss this important educational experience. To fill this void, many institutions have created night curricula, but few have studied how to implement and sustain it. Our aim was to increase formal nighttime teaching led by upper level residents from 0 to ≥3 times weekly by December of 2018.

METHODS:

After a needs-assessment survey was completed by upper level residents, pediatric night education sessions were established. Upper level residents on wards were responsible for teaching and recording whether nighttime teaching occurred. Data were collected by using this form, and a run chart was used to analyze the data over time. A team of hospitalists, pediatric residency program leadership, and a second-year resident met throughout the project and used the model for improvement.

RESULTS:

Data were collected for 84 weeks. Introduction of the education sessions increased teaching occurrences from a baseline of 0 to a median of 1. After several plan, do, study, act cycles, most notably after implementing upper level feedback, special cause variation was achieved and median teaching occurrences increased to 3 times weekly. This was sustained for 32 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS:

Focused quality improvement methodologies can be used to improve new residency program education. These methods can inform other residency programs how to successfully weave a teaching expectation into their night shifts to provide more learning opportunities in the era of duty hour requirements.
The Impact of Malnutrition on Hospitalized Children With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Foster Byron Alexander , Lane Jennifer E. , Massey Elizabeth , Noelck Michelle , Green Sarah , Austin Jared P.
Published: December 2020

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) and other medical complexity comprise an outsized proportion of health care use. In this review, we describe the current science of assessment of nutritional status for children with CP, outline a systematic approach to assessing their nutritional status, delineate ramifications of malnutrition on hospitalization-associated outcomes, and identify knowledge gaps and means of addressing those gaps using quality improvement and clinical research tools. Methods to accurately assess body composition and adiposity in this population by using skinfolds, age, sex, and activity level are available but are not widely used. There are limitations in our current method of estimating energy needs in children with CP, who are at higher risk of both obesity and micronutrient deficiencies. There is some evidence of an association between malnutrition, defined as either underweight or obesity, and hospitalization-associated outcomes in children generally, although we lack specific data for CP. The gaps in our current understanding of optimal nutritional status and between current science and practice need to be addressed to improve health outcomes for this vulnerable patient population.
The informal sector in the structure of the national economy: Simulation and evaluation
Authors: Lizina Olga , Bistyaykina Dinara , Ermakova Eka , Badokina Tatyana , Solovyeva Tatiana
Published: December 2020

The research into the shadow economy has scientific and practical value. Any state is interested in evaluating the size of the shadow economy as it affects the goals and priorities of the country’s development. This study presents a model for evaluating the shadow economy in the Russian Federation. The authors developed and analyzed an approach to measuring the shadow economy based on factor analysis and a MIMIC model. The study features the factor analysis of the official statistics for Russia over the period from 1992 to 2019, with more than 150 indicators characterizing different spheres of the life of the country. The authors determined the factors affected by the shadow economy, built a MIMIC model on this basis, and estimated the size of the shadow economy in Russia. Assessing the size of shadow activity is important for analyzing economic development and the impact of government regulations on the shadow sector
Two Series of Kaludayi’s Verses in the Pali Commentaries
Authors: Gamage Aruna Keerthi
Published: December 2020

The Theragatha of the Khuddakanikaya has only ten stanzas (vv. 527–536) uttered by the Elder Kaludayi. However, the Madhuratthavilasini (Bv-a), the commentary to the Buddhavamsa preserves 64 stanzas ascribed to the Elder while the Visuddhajanavilasini (Ap-a), the commentary to the Apad?na quotes a different series consisting of 48 stanzas ascribed to him. It is probable that these two series contain ancient verses which could not be accommodated within the Pali canon and then continued to be preserved in the commentaries as extra-canonical texts. Yet some of the verses in these two series appear to be later compositions. The present article offers a literal translation of the Bv-a and the Ap-a verses, which have so far received no scholarly attention.
Pali Grammar: The Language of the Canonical Texts of Theravada Buddhism (Volume I), by Thomas Oberlies
Authors: Spencer Matthew
Published: December 2020

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Study of the graphene oxide nanoparticles effect on luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of human leukocytes
Authors: Bochkova M. S. , Timganova V. P. , Khramtsov P. V. , Uzhviyuk S. V. , Shardina K. Yu. , Nechaev A. I. , Raev M. B. , Zamorina S. A.
Published: December 2020

Graphene and its derivatives are increasingly used in biomedical research. Therefore, the mechanisms and consequences of the interaction of graphene nanoparticles with living objects are intensively studied. The immune system is involved in protecting the body and regulating its functions, so the question of the effect of graphene and its derivatives on immune cells is crucial. The specific response of monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils to a stimulus is to increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Published data on graphene oxide (GO) and polyethylene glycol-modified graphene oxide (GO-PEG) effects on peripheral blood leukocytes are scarce and contradictory. It is due to variations in objects and conditions of study, along with the difference in particle concentrations. Thus, it was essential to evaluate the GO and GO-PEG effect on ROS production by human leukocytes. Our study aimed at the effect of particles of unmodified and PEG-modified graphene oxide (GO and GO-PEG) on the ROS production by peripheral blood leukocytes in not-stimulated and stimulated luminoldependent chemiluminescence (LCL) tests. ROS production was stimulated by opsonized zymosan (OZ). A hydrogen peroxide-luminol system was used for assessing the independent effect of GO nanoparticles on the quenching of ROS luminescence. Pristine GO (Ossila, Great Britain) nanoparticles were PEG-modified (GO-PEG). The average size of the GO flakes was 1-5 µm, the GO-PEG-flakes 569±14 nm, and the amount of PEG covering was ~ 20%. Nanoparticles were used at concentrations of 5; 2.5; 1.25 µg/ml. It has been established that GO-PEG nanoparticles in concentrations of 2.5 and 5 µg/ml suppressed ROS production in the spontaneous LCL test. At the same time, the GO effects showed a visible but a not significant tendency to inhibition of LCL. Similar results were obtained in the stimulated LCL test. However, when analyzing the process kinetics, both GO-PEG and GO decreased the ROS production, but mainly in the first minutes of the test. When analyzing the quenching effect of the LCL reaction in a cell-free system, there was no significant effect of GO and GO-PEG nanoparticles. Thus, the general vector of the obtained effects was associated with the suppression of ROS production. GO-PEG ROS-decreasing effects were more pronounced in comparison with unmodified GO. In general, we have confirmed the antioxidant effects of GO and GO-PEG using the LCL method. We can assume that in addition to the actual antioxidant effect of graphene nanoparticles, ROS production decreases due to the rapid GO uptake and blocking of several intracellular signals that induce an oxidative burst.
Critical Review of Platinum Group Metal-Free Materials for Water Electrolysis: Transition from the Laboratory to the Market
Authors: Serov Alexey , Kovnir Kirill , Shatruk Michael , Kolen’ko Yury V.
Published: December 2020

To combat the global problem of carbon dioxide emissions, hydrogen is the desired energy vector for the transition to environmentally benign fuel cell power. Water electrolysis (WE) is the major technology for sustainable hydrogen production. Despite the use of renewable solar and wind power as sources of electricity, one of the main barriers for the widespread implementation of WE is the scarcity and high cost of platinum group metals (pgms) that are used to catalyse the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Hence, the critical pgm-based catalysts must be replaced with more sustainable alternatives for WE technologies to become commercially viable. This critical review describes the state-of-the-art pgm-free materials used in the WE application, with a major focus on phosphides and borides. Several emerging classes of HER and OER catalysts are reviewed and detailed structure–property correlations are comprehensively summarised. The influence of the crystallographic and electronic structures, morphology and bulk and surface chemistry of the catalysts on the activity towards OER and HER is discussed.
Recyclability, durability and water vapour adsorption of unstabilised and stabilised compressed earth bricks
Authors: Bruno Agostino Walter , Scott Blake , D’Offay-Mancienne Yann , Perlot Céline
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates the recyclability, liquid water durability and water vapour adsorption of both unstabilised and stabilised compressed earth bricks. Stabilised bricks were manufactured by adding either cement or the biopolymer guar gum to the base earth. Unconfined compressive strength tests were then performed on both unstabilised and stabilised earth bricks manufactured with recycled material (i.e. material taken from the failed compressed earth bricks after the compressive strength tests). These tests enabled to assess the influence of recycling on the stiffness, strength and strain energy of all compressed earth bricks. Immersion and drip tests were subsequently performed to investigate the effect of cement and biopolymer stabilisation on the durability of the compressed earth bricks against the weathering action of water. An additional set of laboratory experiments was finally conducted by means of a Dynamic Vapour Sorption (DVS) system to study the effect of earth stabilisation on the capacity of adsorbing/releasing water vapour as the ambient humidity changes. Outcomes from this experimental campaign showed that both unstabilised and biopolymer stabilised earth bricks maintained a similar mechanical performance after recycling, while cement stabilised bricks showed a remarkable reduction of both stiffness and strength. Finally, both cement and biopolymer stabilised bricks improved the liquid water durability while reducing the water vapour adsorption compared with the unstabilised earth bricks. Results from this experimental work will be useful for life cycle assessments, especially for modelling the end-of-life of the material as well as its potential reuse.
Effects of oblong-hole screen and round-hole screen on the performance of hammer mill
Authors: Tekgüler Ali
Published: December 2020

Hammer mills are widely used for grinding grain products. Screens are one of the important machine components that affect the performance of hammer mills. Generally, round-hole screens are used in hammer mills. In this study, the effects of oblong- and round-hole screens on hammer mill performance were investigated. The results showed that the mean geometric diameter, geometric standard deviation, specific surface area grinding capacity and specific energy consumption varied with the screen type, screen hole size and hammer tip speed. The particle size distribution with the oblong-hole screen was more stable, and its grinding capacity (1.481 t/h) was higher than that of the round-hole screen (1.220 t/h). The specific energy consumption of the oblong-hole screen was lower than that of the round-hole screen. The lowest specific energy consumption (2.805 kWh/t) was measured at a hammer tip speed of 60 m/s for the oblong-hole screen with a hole size of 19.8 × 2.5 mm.
Effect of non-thermal plasma on carbon dioxide reforming of methane to hydrogen
Authors: Liu Hongxia , Guo Dingmeng , Ma Xin , Wang Ya , Xie Jinzhuo
Published: December 2020

Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are widely acknowledged as the major greenhouse gases. Theoretically speaking, the mixture of methane and carbon dioxide would reform into gas fuels like hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) under certain treatment conditions. However, the traditional conversion of methane and carbon dioxide requires a high temperature, which can cause carbon deposition and deactivate the catalyst. Non-thermal plasma technology can alleviate this problem. In this research, a method of hydrogen production from greenhouse gases by non-thermal plasma was studied. We discussed the influence of plasma on the reforming of methane and carbon dioxide into hydrogen as functions of different parameters like power input, electrode gaps, total gas fluxes and methane/carbon dioxide ratios in customized single and double dielectric reactors. Meanwhile, the potential mechanism for the reforming has also been discussed. As a result, it was observed higher power input, smaller electrode gap and total gas flux would contribute to better performance of reforming. Based on the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and emission spectrum analysis, the mechanism of different reforming products such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, other organic by-products and carbon deposition is discussed based on numerous free radicals including ·C, ·CHx, ·CO, ·H, and ·O in the discharge zone.
Ecoeficiencia: clave de la responsabilidad ambiental empresarial en el sector textil
Authors: Pitre-Redondo Remedios , De la Ossa-Guerra Santander , Hernández-Palma Hugo
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como finalidad identificar si las pequeñas y medianas empresas textiles (PYMES), ubicadas en el Departamento del Atlántico, Colombia, realizan prácticas de Ecoeficiencia para el control de residuos contaminantes. Método: se utilizó una investigación de tipo descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño de campo no experimental, en la que se aplicó una encuesta cerrada, dirigida a una muestra de 53 empresas. Resultados y discusión: Entre los principales hallazgos se encontró que el 56% de las PYMES participantes no realizan acciones para reducir el volumen o la peligrosidad de sus residuos, ya que no los consideran importantes ni rentables. Por lo tanto, estos procesos no son ecoeficientes y el compromiso con la preservación del medio ambiente y la sostenibilidad de las PYMES en estudio es insuficiente. Conclusiones: Dado que el sector textil es uno de los recursos con menor índice de reutilización del mundo, es fundamental que este vínculo con los procesos de gestión sostenible y la ecoeficiencia sea claro y constante, apuntando a una internalización de los procesos de responsabilidad social, apoyándose en el Estado, las familias, las personas y las leyes para su constante evolución y desarrollo.
Factors affecting subsistence farming in rural areas of nyandeni local municipality in the Eastern Cape Province
Authors: Siphesihle Q. , Lelethu M.
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Agriculture is the foremost locomotive of the economic growth for Sub-Saharan African countries, especially South Africa. Subsistence agriculture is one of the imperative segments in the South African economy and it remains a substantial sector for livelihood generation. Agricultural activities have an ability to provide nutrition, economic, social status and reduce rural poverty. However, subsistence farming has experience significant declined over the past 10 years due to climate change, scarcity of resources, lack of farming equipment and lack of extension services. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine factors affecting subsistence farming in rural homesteads of Nyandeni Local Municipality. Purposively, the data was collected from 120 households. To examine the factors affecting subsistence production, multiple regression was run. Study results reveal that the majority of the farming households are male-headed with an average age of 60 years with a household size of 6 people in the households. The study reveals that age, gender, and employment have an adverse influence subsistence farming production while education, extension services, household size, farming experience, and income have a positive relationship with subsistence farming. Thus, the study recommends government empowerment and training services that will increase the number of women and youth participating in farming. Further to that, government must promote sustainable food production by ensuring collaboration of all stakeholders in government, private sector and NGOs or CBOs. Key words: Agricultural productivity, Subsistence farming, Poverty.
POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium distachion THROUGH iPBS MARKERS
Authors: GUNER Pinar , ATES Duygu , TUNA Metin , TANYOLAC Muhammed Bahattin
Published: December 2020

In the current study, a total of 235 genotypes of Brachypodium distachyon (BD) were studied and targeted to evaluate the genetic diversity, population structure and relative kinship of these genotypes using inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers. Twenty-eight iPBS markers were used, and 184 clear and sharp polymorphic bands were produced. The polymorphism information content and diversity parameters indicated the existence of an appropriate amount of genetic diversity in the analysed genotypes. The results of the dendrogram with heat map and principal component analysis (PCoA) revealed that 235 BD genotypes were grouped into two separate clusters. The population structure was calculated using the STRUCTURE software, and two major sub-groups (K = 2) were established. A total of 95.1% of the relative kinship estimates being less than 0.4 for all genotypes. The findings of this study concluded that iPBS markers are highly polymorphic and are very efficient in the evaluation of the genetic diversity of B. distachyon.
VERIFICATION OF THE CONTROL ALGORITHM FOR RESERVOIRS WITH LIQUID BASED ON THE COMPENSATION OF THE FORCE RESPONSE IN DIFFERENT RANGES OF MANIFESTATION OF NONLINEARITIES
Authors: Limarchenko O. , Nefedov O. , Sirenko O.
Published: December 2020

Problem about motion of a reservoir with liquid with a free surface is considered based on the compensation of a force response of the liquid on reservoir walls. Such an approach is selected since usual methods of control of mechanical system motion are mostly intended for linear systems of relatively small dimension. However, models of dynamics of the combined motion of reservoirs with liquid are described with relatively high-dimensional nonlinear systems ordinary differential equations. For obtaining the mathematical model of combined motion of a reservoir with liquid with a free surface we use the Hamilton–Ostrogradskiy variational principle, for which it is possible to determine analytically all internal forces of interaction of system component parts. Namely using this algorithm, we determine the main vector of forces of the liquid pressure on reservoir walls (force response of liquid). The algorithm of the motion control of the reservoir with liquid is based on the inclusion of the compensation of the liquid force response to controlling actions, this reduces the motion of the system reservoir–liquid, where the effect of forces from oscillating liquid on the reservoir motion is eliminated. This algorithm was tested for problems of impulse and vibration disturbance of the translational motion of the system in the horizontal plain. We consider the disturbance of the system motion by a force rectangular impulse applied to the reservoir wall, the duration of the impulse is lesser than a quarter of the period of a liquid free oscillations according to the first normal mode. Amplitudes of the impulse were selected with the purpose of analysis of the behavior of the controlled system in different ranges of manifestation of nonlinearities. We state the problem to verify the accuracy of this algorithm for three ranges of manifestation of nonlinear properties in the system, namely, for the linear range (amplitudes of waves on a free surface h do not exceed 0,1 of the radius of a free surface (  <0,1R); for the weakly nonlinear range (  <0,2R) and for the strongly nonlinear range with maximum amplitudes of waves about  =0,32R. Numerical modeling enables the determination of errors of developed algorithm, which does not exceed 0,5 %, although they insignificantly increase with the increase of amplitudes of oscillations on a free surface of liquid. At the same time perturbations on a free surface of liquid for the controlled motion are always greater than for the uncontrolled motion.
DEVELOPMENT OF CITY PLANS FOR MILITARY NEEDS BY THE MEANS OF CONTEM-PORARY GEO-INFORMATIONAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Savkov P.A. , Levinskova N.V. , Lytvyniuk M.S. , Drobko Ye.O.
Published: December 2020

The article proposes ways to increase the effectiveness of the decision-making process of the tactical level commander while performing tasks in operations in the context of modern warfare by creating a three-dimensional model of a military city plan. The article also highlights adavantages of the 3-dimensional model of a military city plan when compared to a regular traditional paper-based city plan. Performed scientific research allowed us to develop a technological scheme for the creation of the 3-dimensional model of a military settlement plan using CityEngine, a special geo-informational software, aimed at optimizing the decision-making process for a tactical-level commander, which will also significantly improve the existing approach for creating settlement plans. In order to achieve this objective, we carried out partial analysis of the tactical characteristics of the terrain and determined their impact on the combat actions, as well as studied the possibilities for creating a 3-dimensional city plan model by the means of geographical informational systems. Compared to traditional paper-based topographic maps, the improved technique makes it possible to improve the analysis of tactical terrain properties by means of 3-dimensional imaging, to simulate the tactical characteristics of any terrain and to predict their changes in accordance with the effects of combat.
Internacionalismo e pacifismo na Historia da Educación contemporánea: presentación
Authors: Pintassilgo Joaquim , Cid Fernández Xosé Manuel
Published: December 2020

A parte monográfica deste número de Sarmiento, correspondente ao ano 2020, está adicada ao tema "Internacionalismo e pacifismo na Historia da Educación contemporánea". A monografía foi coordinada polos profesores Joaquim Pintassilgo (Instituto de Educación da Universidade de Lisboa) e Xosé Manuel Cid Fernández (Universidade de Vigo).
O valor educativo da memoria da resistencia antifascista en Italia. O caso do partisano Ezio Raspantio
Authors: Bellaci Francesco
Published: December 2020

O obxecto desta contribución é subliñar o valor educativo da memoria antifascista. Está centrado nas memorias persoais de Ezio Raspanti –partisano combatente no Volante Teppa (formación partisana que operaba nos bosques dos Apeninos toscanos)– e pretende investigar a transmisión da memoria como valor educativo. De feito, este valor educativo constitúe un dos fundamentos da conciencia social e da identidade nacional italiana, así como un elemento esencial da nosa democracia constitucional, enraizada nos valores do antifascismo e o pacifismo.
Artvin Şavşat Yöresi Propolisinin Farklı Sıcaklıklardaki PBS’li Ekstraktlarının Antioksidan Özelliklerinin ve Eritrosit Hemoliz İnhibisyonu Üzerine Etkisinin Araştırılması
Authors: CANBOLAT Deniz , TURAN İbrahim , KÜPELİ Yunus Emre , KILINÇ Sedanur , PİLİÇ Sevim
Published: December 2020

Geleneksel tıpta yüzyıllardır tüm dünyada kullanılan propolis, bal arılarının bitkilerin tomurcuklarını ve polen tanelerini salgıladıkları enzimlerle karıştırıp elde ettikleri kompleks içeriğe sahip reçinemsi doğal bir üründür. Toplanma bölgesi, bitki kaynağı, arı çeşitliliği ve toplandığı yerin ikliminin farklı olması sebepleriyle propolis farklı içeriklere sahip olabilmektedir. Farklı bölgelerle ilgili çok sayıda çalışma olmasına rağmen, Artvin ilinin Şavşat bölgesine ait propolis ile ilgili herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Artvin Şavşat yöresine ait propolisin farklı sıcaklıklarda (45 ve 60 ºC) fosfat tampon tuz çözeltisi (PBS) ile hazırlanan ekstraktlarının antioksidan özelliklerinin (demir indirgeyici güç tayini, 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) radikal süpürme aktivitesi, toplam fenolik ve toplam flavonoid madde miktarı) tespit edilmesi ve ekstraktların eritrosit hemoliz inhibisyon özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir. PBS’li ekstraktların toplam fenolik (11.91±0.5-24.14±1.38 mg gallik asit eşdeğeri-g propolis) ve toplam flavonoid (1.79±0.03-2.13±0.07 mg kuersetin eşdeğeri-g propolis) madde miktarı, demir indirgeyici güç tayini (12.80±0.36-27.15±0.12 mg askorbik asit eşdeğeri-g propolis), DPPH (%22.86±0.5-31.24±1.33) ve eritrosit hemoliz inhibisyonu (%55.58±0.57-96.37±0.02) spektrofotometrik yöntemler kullanılarak belirlendi. Deneylerin sonucunda 60 ºC sıcaklıkta elde edilen PBS’li ekstraktın, antioksidan özellikleri ve eritrosit hemolizini inhibe etme oranının 45 ºC de elde edilen ekstrakta göre yüksek olduğu tespit edildi. Ekstraktların eritrosit hemolizini inhibe edici ve yüksek antioksidan özellik gösteren moleküllerinin belirlenmesi için daha ileri çalışmalar gerekmektedir.
Papel del Direccionamiento Estratégico y el Branding en las Franquicias en Colombia.
Authors: Guillermo Garcés Luis , Hoyos Estrada Sherly Karina , Argumedo Bossio Adriana , Prieto Flórez Javier
Published: December 2020

Tomando en cuenta las condiciones actuales de los mercados, con la globalización y un consumidor cada vez más informado, resulta cada vez más dificultoso para las organizaciones permanecer en la competencia. Ante este panorama, los negocios bajo la modalidad de franquicia han logrado una importante expansión en los últimos años. A partir de un breve resumen acerca de las cinco fuerzas de Porter, la dirección estratégica y el branding, el presente artículo pretende exponer el aumento significativo que han tenido los negocios de franquicias en Colombia durante los últimos cuatro años. Para tales fines, se exponen aportes significativos respecto a conceptos como la gerencia estratégica y el branding que dictaminan unas bases teóricas que posibilitan, a la luz de esta temática, interpretar los movimientos de la apertura de negocios de franquicias en Colombia. Los resultados sugieren que las franquicias, debido a su naturaleza y la orientación estratégica dirigida a la consolidación de la marca, es lo que ha permitido su expansión durante el periodo de estudio.
Handedness difference in cognitive performance decline from middle aged: Evidence from the Yakumo Study
Authors: Hatta Takeshi , Hatta Taketoshi , Hatta Junko , Iwahara Akihiko , Fujiwara Kazumi
Published: December 2020

Handedness difference in the age-related cognitive decline was examined. Participants were healthy middle aged left-handed (n = 22, 10 men and 12 women) and right-handed (22 men and 56 women). Digit cancellation performance decline ratios were calculated by the longitudinal Digit Cancellation Test data with an interval of 10 years. Performance decline ratios were compared for handedness and sex concerning to D-CAT1 (1-digit cancellation condition) and D-CAT3 (3-digits cancellation condition) performances. The results indicated first that the performance decline ratio in the left-handed was significantly larger than that in the right-handed both in D-CAT1 and D-CAT3, suggestive of low aging tolerance of executive function in left-handed people. Moreover, there was a significant sex difference such that men demonstrated a larger decline in D-CAT3, which demands more considerable cognitive resources, compared to D-CAT1, whereas this was not observed in women. Possible executive function mechanisms during aging were discussed in relation to handedness and sex.
Give Me Your Tired and Your Poor: Impact of a Large-Scale Amnesty Program for Undocumented Refugees
Authors: Bahar Dany , Ibáñez Ana María , Rozo Sandra
Published: December 2020

Between 2014 and 2020 over 1.8 million refugees fled from Venezuela to Colombia as a result of a humanitarian crisis, many of them without a regular migratory status. We study the short- to medium-term labor market impacts in Colombia of the Permiso Temporal de Permanencia program, the largest migratory amnesty program offered to undocumented migrants in a developing country in modern history. The program granted regular migratory status and work permits to nearly half a million undocumented Venezuelan migrants in Colombia in August 2018. To identify the effects of the program, we match confidential administrative data on the location of undocumented migrants with department-monthly data from household surveys and compare labor outcomes in departments that were granted different average time windows to register for the amnesty online, before and after the program roll-out. We are only able to distinguish negative albeit negligible effects of the program on the formal employment of Colombian workers. These effects are predominantly concentrated in highly educated and in female workers.
On the Cultivation of Mathematical Modeling Thought in Junior High School Mathematics Teaching
Authors: Huang Xing
Published: December 2020

The teaching of mathematical modeling runs through the essence of quality education from beginning to end. It can cultivate students’ awareness and ability of applying mathematical concepts, principles and methods to solve problems in their lives, and offer students a new experience of learning mathematics, thus truly promoting the development of students’ mathematical literacy.
Study of Influence of Negative Transfer of L1 Thinking on Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Guo Jingyi
Published: December 2020

Language transfer is always the hot topic in the history of Linguistic researches. The influence of L1 thinking absolutely exists in the process of second language acquisition and varies with second language learners’ personal language acquisition ability. According to Piaget, junior high school students are in the transitional stage from the Concrete Operation to the Formal Operation, and some of them may belong to the later. Also, the learning years in junior high school is the initial time to study English grammar and write compositions, so this research takes junior high school students of Grade-one as research participant, and mainly focuses on the errors occur in their English compositions. Through the analysis of the reason why they made such errors, the author aims at revealing the influence of L1 thinking on Chinese students’ second language acquisition, also, the author intends to help educators to have clearer thoughts when sorting out educational plans and strategies, and enable both teachers and students to realize the importance of cultivating students’ second language thinking in junior high school.
An Empirical Study on Teacher-Student Collaborative Assessment in College English Writing Teaching
Authors: Wang Zhinan
Published: December 2020

This study proves that the application of Teacher-student Collaborative Assessment in college English writing teaching is feasible and effective. As can be seen from the results of the experimental teaching, Teacher-student Collaborative Assessment, which is a new writing assessment method, has a significant impact on the improvement of students’ writing performance and writing ability.
An Experimental Study Towards Investigating the Effect of Working Memory Capacity on Complex Diagram Understandability
Authors: Sözen Nergiz , Say Bilge , Kılıç Özkan
Published: December 2020

This study investigates whether working memory (WM) capacity affects the understandability of complex diagrams and if so, whether WM training has a positive effect on their comprehensibility. Two experiments were conducted with computer science students. In the first experiment, we collected eyetracking data while participants performed comprehension tasks on an activity diagram. In the second experiment, the participants completed WM training, before and after their comprehension scores were measured. The results showed that working memory capacity can positively affect the understandability of complex diagrams, but it provided no conclusive evidence for the effectiveness of working memory training.
Risk Management of Forming Enterprises Integration Corporate Strategy
Authors: Hutsaliuk Oleksii , Koval Viktor , Tsimoshynska Oksana , Koval Mykola , Skyba Hanna
Published: December 2020

The content and features of the integration strategy in the system of strategic planning of the joint stock company are determined. The sequence of formation and implementation of the integration strategy of the joint-stock company is substantiated. Strategic alternatives for ensuring sustainable development of the joint-stock company are systematized. It is proposed to use the genetic algorithm method to solve the problem of choosing corporate integration association in order to optimize a certain set of clear corporate integration association parameters necessary for the implementation of an effective integration process. The method for calculating the synergistic effect is proposed, which is advisable to use immediately after the integration and the beginning of the operational activity of the corporate integration association, since it can be adjusted depending on the type of the corporate integration association being formed and the motives for its formation.
La ciencia vista desde la diversidad cultural: consideraciones para un currículo en programas de formación inicial de ciencias naturales y educación ambiental
Authors: Adame Rodríguez Juan David
Published: December 2020

Este artículo propone algunas consideraciones curriculares para Programas de Formación Inicial de Profesores, con base en la interpretación de resultados de la Tesis Doctoral denominada “Concepciones de ciencia desde la perspectiva de la diversidad cultural en docentes de programas de Licenciatura en Ciencias Naturales y educación Ambiental en Colombia - PFILCNYEA”. Inicialmente aborda el posicionamiento de la episteme curricular fundamentada desde las epistemologías del sur, la cuales se basan en las ecologías del conocimiento y la traducción intercultural. De otra parte, como principios se plantean: la diversidad cultural como proyecto educativo, social y político. En relación a las estrategias se propone a la diversidad cultural como eje fundante y reflexivo del currículo de PFILCNYEA, en relación a los objetivos de los planes de estudio, organización de las mallas académicas y evaluación. Finalmente, se indican perspectivas sobre la implementación de un currículo que conciba a la ciencia desde la diversidad cultural para la formación inicial de profesores en Colombia como país pluriétnico y multicultural. Palabras clave: Concepciones de Ciencia; Diversidad cultural; Enseñanza de las ciencias; Currículo; Formación inicial de profesores. RESUMO: Este artigo propõe algumas considerações curriculares para os Programas de Formação Inicial de Professores a partir da interpretação dos resultados da tese de doutorado denominada Concepções de ciência na perspectiva da diversidade cultural em professores de bacharelado em Ciências Naturais e Programas de Educação Ambiental em. Colômbia - PFILCNYEA. Inicialmente, aborda o posicionamento da episteme curricular a partir das epistemologias do sul, que se fundamentam nas ecologias do conhecimento e da tradução intercultural. Por outro lado, os princípios são: a diversidade cultural como projeto educacional, social e político. Em relação às estratégias, a diversidade cultural é proposta como eixo fundador e reflexivo do currículo PFILCNYEA, em relação aos objetivos dos planos de estudos, organização das redes acadêmicas e avaliação. Por fim, são indicadas perspectivas sobre a implementação de um currículo que conceba as ciências a partir da diversidade cultural para a formação inicial de professores na Colômbia como um país multiétnico e multicultural.Palavras-chave: Concepções de ciencia; Diversidade cultural; Ensino de ciencias; Currículo; Formação inicial de professores.
A pesquisa em educação popular e a construção da identidade do educador emocional
Authors: Possebon Elisa Gonsalves , Lima Maria das Graças de
Published: December 2020

O artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a identidade do educador emocional a partir da perspectiva da educação popular. É delineado o campo da educação popular como um espaço de resistência e emancipação, voltado para a criação coletiva de novas e melhores formas de se viver socialmente. Nesses termos, a educação popular é tecida pelos saberes populares, que formam sujeitos participativos que tomam para si a responsabilidade de transformar a sociedade. O estudo é do tipo bibliográfico e resgata a abordagem sociológica interacionista de Herbert Blumer e a contribuição de Antônio Cândido como fontes inspiradoras para a organização teórica e metodológica da pesquisa em educação popular, notadamente no que se refere ao respeito à empiria, a atenção à produção de significados e a postura ética e comprometida. Considerando estudos sobre a identidade docente, conclui-se que o ser docente, na perspectiva da educação popular, corresponde a uma forma de ser e estar no mundo com um olhar atento e libertador para as interações sociais, construindo-se existencialmente, em termos cognitivos e emocionais, rumo a processos emancipatórios.Palavras-chave: Educação popular; Identidade; Educação emocional; Pesquisa qualitativa. ABSTRACT: The article presents a discussion on the identity of the emotional educator from the perspective of popular education. The field of popular education is outlined as a space of resistance and emancipation, aimed at the collective creation of new and better ways of living socially. In these terms, popular education is woven by popular knowledge, which forms participatory subjects who take responsibility for transforming society. The study is of the bibliographic type and rescues the interactionist sociological approach of Herbert Blumer and the contribution of Antônio Cândido as inspiring sources for the theoretical and methodological organization of research in popular education, notably with regard to respect for empirical, attention to production meanings and an ethical and committed posture. Considering studies on teaching identity, it is concluded that being a teacher, in the perspective of popular education, corresponds to a way of being and being in the world with an attentive and liberating look at social interactions, building existentially, in cognitive terms and emotional, towards emancipatory processes.Keywords: Popular education; Identity; Emotional education; Qualitative research.
Anti-adhesion activity and physicochemical features of the surgical silk sutures coated with Liquidambar orientalis styrax
Authors: KILINÇ Yeliz , BAYGAR Tuba , SARAÇ Nurdan , UĞUR Aysel , KARACA İnci
Published: December 2020

Aim: The present study was aimed to characterize the surgical silk sutures coated with Styrax liquidus, Turkish sweetgum balsam obtained from Liquidambar orientalis, and to investigate their anti-adhesion capacity against oral pathogenic microorganisms.Material and Methods: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was applied to determine the chemical composition of the Liquidambar orientalis styrax (LOS)-coated sutures. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) was performed to compare the thermal stability of the LOS-coated sutures. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate the morphological structure of the sutures. Anti-adhesion activity of the LOS-coated sutures was investigated against common oral pathogenic microorganisms.Results: FTIR spectrum and SEM images revealed out that LOS was succesfully coated onto the silk sutures. TGA analysis showed that LOS coating moderately affected the thermal stability of the silk sutures. According to the anti-adhesion activity analysis, the highest activity was observed against S. aureus, a gram positive bacteria.Conclusion: Coating the surgical silk sutures with LOS might be useful to prevent the surgical site infections in oral surgery.
"Connectedness" in Business Studies pedagogy: Is a transition year alluring?
Authors: America Carina , Mallon Philip
Published: December 2020

The continuously changing business world demands that students entering the world of work have an adaptable skill set. The acquisition of  appropriate exit-level knowledge, skills and competencies also holds true for young school students and early school leavers. At school level the engagement and connectedness with the outside world and the development of subject-specific practical competencies could be structured through an experiential education approach that will allow  students to  become self-regulating and active in their learning. The kind of active learning could involve an education that also facilitates a ‘real-life’ experience in the workplace.  This article argues for an experiential active-learning approach for Business Studies teaching by reflecting on the ‘connectedness’ dimension of the productive pedagogies framework. In doing so, the authors deliberate on a unique Irish model called the ‘transition year’ (TY), its orientation of ‘real-life’ learning, the background to the  development of the TY, its implementation and its viability within a South African school context.
The element of surprise: An innovative approach in art education
Authors: Steyn Raita
Published: December 2020

This article examines the role that the element of surprise plays in the implementation of the art curriculum at the Higher Education level. My critical analysis and evaluation of the subject matter are based on the outcomes of three case studies, organised and realised in the South African politico-economic and socio-cultural framework. Consequently, the research develops in the context of three most significant streams of policies in Education: socio-cultural inclusion policy, multiliteracies in education and the needs of the Fourth Industrial Revolution for soft skills. The aim of the study is twofold: to demonstrate an appropriate climate of interaction among students and educators in Visual Arts and Design discipline, and to propose different teaching strategies for the enhancement of skilful planning, accurate decision taking, as well as analysing and synthesising creative ideas under unfamiliar and challenging circumstances.