bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A educação contemporânea sob a perspectiva do neotecnicismo
Authors: Brasão Mauricio dos Reis
Published: September 2024

Resumo
Este estudo interdisciplinar explora a fundamentação teórica do tecnicismo pedagógico, em conformidade aos pressupostos de Luiz Carlos de Freitas. Com uma abordagem teórica, bibliográfica e documental, o trabalho adota uma perspectiva qualitativa citada por Fazenda (2013), ao utilizar as contribuições de Freitas (1992, 1994, 2002, 2007, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2020) e Freitas et al. (2009). No âmbito das reformas educacionais contemporâneas, especialmente aquelas apoiadas em princípios empresariais, faltam o debate e a definição clara sobre uma educação de qualidade. A ideia de que tal condição seja meramente refletida na obtenção de notas elevadas em testes não se respalda no campo das Ciências da Educação e, tampouco, pode ser considerada a finalidade do ensino sob a perspectiva educativa. Além disso, a ênfase excessiva em avaliações ocasiona competições entre vencedores e perdedores, algo incompatível com os objetivos educacionais almejados.
Palavras-chave: Tecnicismo pedagógico. Luiz Carlos de Freitas. Pedagogia tecnicista. Qualidade educacional.
Post-retrieval noradrenergic activation impairs subsequent memory depending on cortico-hippocampal reactivation
Authors: Heinbockel Hendrik , Leicht Gregor , Wagner Anthony D , Schwabe Lars
Published: September 2024

When retrieved, seemingly stable memories can become sensitive to significant events, such as acute stress. The mechanisms underlying these memory dynamics remain poorly understood. Here, we show that noradrenergic stimulation after memory retrieval impairs subsequent remembering, depending on hippocampal and cortical signals emerging during retrieval. In a three-day study, we measured brain activity using fMRI during initial encoding, 24 hr-delayed memory cueing followed by pharmacological elevations of glucocorticoid or noradrenergic activity, and final recall. While post-retrieval glucocorticoids did not affect subsequent memory, the impairing effect of noradrenergic arousal on final recall depended on hippocampal reactivation and category-level reinstatement in the ventral temporal cortex during memory cueing. These effects did not require a reactivation of the original memory trace and did not interact with offline reinstatement during rest. Our findings demonstrate that, depending on the retrieval-related neural reactivation of memories, noradrenergic arousal after retrieval can alter the future accessibility of consolidated memories.
Post-retrieval noradrenergic activation impairs subsequent memory depending on cortico-hippocampal reactivation
Authors: Heinbockel Hendrik , Leicht Gregor , Wagner Anthony D , Schwabe Lars
Published: September 2024

When retrieved, seemingly stable memories can become sensitive to modification through significant events, such as acute stress. While memory dynamics after retrieval have profound implications, for instance, in eyewitness testimony or aberrant memory in mental disorders, the mechanisms underlying these dynamics remain poorly understood. Here, we show in healthy humans that increases in noradrenaline after memory retrieval impairs subsequent remembering, depending on hippocampal and cortical reactivation during retrieval. In a three-day fMRI study, we measured brain activity during initial encoding (Day 1), 24h-delayed memory cueing accompanied by administration of placebo, hydrocortisone, or the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine (Day 2), and final recall, 24h later (Day 3). While post-retrieval hydrocortisone did not affect subsequent memory (i.e., final recall), the impairing effect of yohimbine on final recall depended on the strength of hippocampal reactivation and category-level reinstatement in ventral temporal cortex during Day 2 retrieval. Notably, the effect of yohimbine on subsequent memory was contingent specifically on the neural reactivation during retrieval. While patterns from online reactivation were also reinstated in the post-retrieval rest-period, this offline reinstatement did not interact with the pharmacological manipulation. Additionally, the original memory trace from encoding was not significantly reactivated during retrieval and not reinstated offline during rest, further supporting the critical dependency of post-retrieval manipulations on the neural signal emerging during retrieval-related reactivation. Our findings demonstrate that, depending on the neural reactivation of memories, noradrenergic arousal after retrieval can alter the future accessibility of consolidated memories.
Unified bursting strategies in ectopic and endogenous even-skipped expression patterns
Authors: Berrocal Augusto , Lammers Nicholas C , Garcia Hernan G , Eisen Michael B
Published: September 2024

Transcription often occurs in bursts as gene promoters switch stochastically between active and inactive states. Enhancers can dictate transcriptional activity in animal development through the modulation of burst frequency, duration, or amplitude. Previous studies observed that different enhancers can achieve a wide range of transcriptional outputs through the same strategies of bursting control. For example, despite responding to different transcription factors, all
even-skipped
enhancers increase transcription by upregulating burst frequency and amplitude while burst duration remains largely constant. These shared bursting strategies suggest that a unified molecular mechanism constraints how enhancers modulate transcriptional output. Alternatively, different enhancers could have converged on the same bursting control strategy because of natural selection favoring one of these particular strategies. To distinguish between these two scenarios, we compared transcriptional bursting between endogenous and ectopic gene expression patterns. Because enhancers act under different regulatory inputs in ectopic patterns, dissimilar bursting control strategies between endogenous and ectopic patterns would suggest that enhancers adapted their bursting strategies to their
trans
-regulatory environment. Here, we generated ectopic
even-skipped
transcription patterns in fruit fly embryos and discovered that bursting strategies remain consistent in endogenous and ectopic
even-skipped
expression. These results provide evidence for a unified molecular mechanism shaping
even-skipped
bursting strategies and serve as a starting point to uncover the realm of strategies employed by other enhancers.
Differential growth and transcriptomic profile of stem cell-derived midbrain astrocytes
Authors: Li Zongze , Cardo Lucia Fernandez , Rokicki Michal , Monzón-Sandoval Jimena , Volpato Viola , Wessely Frank , Webber Caleb , Li Meng
Published: September 2024

Regional specificity of stem cell-derived astrocytes is believed to be an important prerequisite for their applications in disease modelling and cell-based therapies. The regional identity of these astrocytes is often defined by the positional characteristics of their antecedent, stem cell-derived neural progenitors patterned to a fate of interest, with the assumption that the positional specification is to be preserved by the derived astrocytes. Using a human induced pluripotent stem cell line designed for tracing midbrain floor plate derivatives, here we show that lineage composition of the derived astrocytes is not a faithful recapitulation of the founder progenitor population, as demonstrated by the loss of floor plate differentiated progeny in the final astrocyte products. Using deep single cell RNA sequencing, we identified distinct transcriptomic signatures of midbrain floor plate-derived astrocytes. Our study highlights the need for rigorous characterisation of pluripotent stem cell-derived regional astrocytes and provides a valuable resource for assessing midbrain floor plate-derived human astrocytes.
Impact of liver-specific survival motor neuron (SMN) depletion on central nervous system and peripheral tissue pathology
Authors: de Almeida Monique Marylin Alves , De Repentigny Yves , Gagnon Sabrina , Sutton Emma R , Kothary Rashmi
Published: September 2024

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by mutations in the Survival Motor Neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. While traditionally viewed as a motor neuron disorder, there is involvement of various peripheral organs in SMA. Notably, fatty liver has been observed in SMA mouse models and SMA patients. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether intrinsic depletion of SMN protein in the liver contributes to pathology in the peripheral or central nervous systems. To address this, we developed a mouse model with a liver-specific depletion of SMN by utilizing an Alb-Cre transgene together with one Smn2B allele and one Smn1 exon 7 allele flanked by loxP sites. Initially, we evaluated phenotypic changes in these mice at postnatal day 19 (P19), when the severe model of SMA, the Smn2B/- mice, exhibit many symptoms of the disease. The liver-specific SMN depletion does not induce motor neuron death, neuromuscular pathology or muscle atrophy, characteristics typically observed in the Smn2B/- mouse at P19. However, mild liver steatosis was observed, although no changes in liver function were detected. Notably, pancreatic alterations resembled that of Smn2B/-mice, with a decrease in insulin-producing β-cells and an increase in glucagon-producingα-cells, accompanied by a reduction in blood glucose and an increase in plasma glucagon and glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1). These changes were transient, as mice at P60 exhibited recovery of liver and pancreatic function. While the mosaic pattern of the Cre-mediated excision precludes definitive conclusions regarding the contribution of liver-specific SMN depletion to overall tissue pathology, our findings highlight an intricate connection between liver function and pancreatic abnormalities in SMA.
Caracterización agronómica de preselecciones de cerezos (Prunus avium L.) obtenidas por el programa de mejoramiento genético de cerezos perteneciente al consorcio tecnológico de la fruta
Authors:   , Silva Lorca Carlos
Published: September 2024

The agronomic characterization of the 23 preselections obtained from the cherry tree genetic improvement program allows for efficient segregation and selection of individuals with ideal qualities to become a new Chilean variety. Initially, a productive characterization of the preselections was conducted, quantifying the number of spurs per linear meter of main branch, the average number of floral buds per spur, the average number of flowers per spur, the number of fruit sets between 5-10 millimeters, the harvested fruits, and their size. Phenology was recorded weekly from the swollen bud stage until harvest, with emphasis on the beginning of bloom, full bloom, fruit set, and harvest date. Additionally, in August, 1% hydrogenated cyanamide was applied to an individual to analyze its response to the endodormancy realese traitment. The Association of Fruit Exporters of Chile S.A (ASOEX S.A) collaborated with the exporter Ranco Cherries to assist in the harvest and post-harvest evaluation of the fruit, measuring quality components such as size, firmness, soluble solids, and their response to postharvest storage. In the postharvest laboratory of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, certain preselections were tested, based on fruit availability, for induced pitting susceptibility. The productivity components showed significant differences in their means for the six variables studied. Phenology and harvest data were recorded from week 46 to week 50 of the fruit calendar. Additionally, the chilling requirement to reach the first swollen bud stage, the degree days accumulated in the main phenological stages until harvest, the cycle length of the preselections, and the fruit growth curves were plotted. Finally, pitting susceptibilities, fruit quality parameters, and postharvest performance were documented.
Develando el Paisaje del Desierto Florido: De Parque Nacional a Archipiélago de Conservación
Authors:   , San Martin Sanfuentes Francisca Ignacia
Published: September 2024

El fenómeno del Desierto Florido se caracteriza por su larga latencia y su esporádica floración. A pesar de ser reconocido como un patrimonio natural a nivel nacional, actualmente presenta desafíos para su conservación en sus ambas temporalidades. En este contexto y a partir de la identificación, representación y análisis de las diversas interacciones ecológicas y culturales de el Paisaje del Desierto Florido se propone la implementación de un proyecto multiescalar que consistiría en la creación de un “Archipiélago de Conservación” que contenga las diversas manifestaciones y temporalidades del fenómeno. Este archipiélago estaría conformado por siete áreas dispersas pero integradas ecológica y programáticamente en la región. Logrando así, la conservación por medio de la activación del territorio
Estrategia de comunicaciones para Municipalidad de la Florida
Authors:   , Gómez Sandoval Ignacio
Published: September 2024

El proyecto titulado "Estrategia comunicacional para la Municipalidad de La Florida" tiene como objetivo mejorar la percepción del trabajo municipal en el sector precordillerano de la comuna, donde residen 35 mil habitantes de nivel socioeconómico medio-alto. La Municipalidad, liderada por el alcalde Rodolfo Carter y un Concejo de diez miembros, tiene un presupuesto anual de $175 mil millones de pesos. Sin embargo, las políticas municipales se han enfocado en las zonas más vulnerables, desatendiendo al sector precordillerano, lo que ha generado descontento y un sentimiento de abandono entre los vecinos, quienes se han organizado en movimientos críticos de la gestión.El plan de acción incluye la identificación de los stakeholders clave, como actores políticos, vecinales e institucionales, que son fundamentales para la resolución del problema. La estrategia de solución busca implementar un modelo de gestión y comunicación territorial que involucre a las unidades vecinales N° 1 y 2. Se proponen tres líneas de trabajo a desarrollar en seis meses: incluir a los dirigentes vecinales en la toma de decisiones, abrir canales de comunicación comunitarios, y fortalecer los recursos humanos y tecnológicos para mejorar la gestión municipal.Los focos de trabajo se dividen en tres enfoques principales: vinculación, para mejorar el diálogo entre los dirigentes y las autoridades; comunicación, para aumentar el conocimiento y satisfacción con los coordinadores territoriales; y planificación, para incrementar la confianza y el número de solicitudes atendidas en la gestión territorial. Estos enfoques estarán acompañados de indicadores clave de desempeño (KPI) tanto tácticos como estratégicos para asegurar el éxito del proyecto.
Design of flutist robot for acoustical experimentation and analysis of flute-like instruments
Authors:   , García-Huidobro Fernando Hurtado
Published: September 2024

In the last decades, research in flute acoustics has been torn into understanding the relationship between the musician and their instrument and explaining how they interact with each other. Various experiments with flutes have been undertaken to explore this relationship, leading to partial descriptions of their interaction. However, the acquisition of data has been constrained by the unavailability of a comprehensive system capable of exerting control over all relevant variables independently for their analysis. The limitations become evident when observing human players, who, when measured, tend to approach musical tasks differently each time and lack the ability to independently manipulate each parameter. Given this situation, a robotic system that replaces the human instrumentalists in their roles as providers of the conditions to experiment with flute acoustics is proposed. The whole system model is described in detail. A system of airflow with an artificial mouth that channels the air into the labium is proposed, along with a displacement system that allows moving the artificial mouth around the embouchure of the instrument, and a mechanismthat emulates the musician’s fingers acting on the keys of the instrument. The system was implemented, and then three experiments were conducted to characterize its performance. The results show the usefulness of the proposed approach, which can effectively reproduce the conditions required to produce sound with a flute with precision and consistency.
Nación y violencia en la poesía peruana (1983-2014)
Authors:   , Chueca Field Luis Fernando
Published: September 2024

La presente investigación estudia cómo una parte importante de la poesía peruana escrita en las últimas décadas ha problematizado la nación peruana a partir de la consideración de la violenciapolítica como eje fundamental de la vida del país a fines del siglo XX y de la violencia en generalcomo un componente central de su historia. A partir de análisis que interrelacionan lo temático,lo textual, lo contextual y lo intertextual, así como la situación comunicativa configurada en lospoemas, se han abordado las principales imágenes y percpeciones del país que esta poesía habrindado. El estudio de los textos ha permitido, además, reconocer tres modalidades estéticas enque esta poesía remite o alude a la violencia y delimitar tres etapas, establecidas en relación conlos momentos del proceso de violencia política y las variaciones en las perspectivas respecto delas posibildiades de la poesía de acercarse dicho proceso y al país que se expresan a través de lospoemas.La investigación ha permitido corroborar que esta poesía pone en constante relación losacontecimientos de la violencia de fines del siglo XX y los discursos sociales sobre ella, conaquellos relativos a los procesos históricos que se remontan a un pasado colonial no resuelto y auna consolidación nacional no alcanzada, así como los que involucran la incorporación del Perúen el escenario global del capitalismo tardío. En general prevalece en los textos la imagen de unpaís desarticulado y fracturado, que no puede ser calificado propiamente como nación. Pero sepercibe también que ellos expresan de ese modo la necesidad de revertir tal situación. Esto seevidencia en los temas abordados, en la textualidad de los poemas y en la configuración de lossujetos. A partir de todo ello, esta poesía contribuye a mirar el proceso de violencia política y losproblemas más graves del Perú en relación con ello, descubriendo además dimensiones oaspectos no atendidos y aportando nuevas miradas críticas sobre lo hecho y lo que posible dehacer.
Effect of Aqueous Extract of Citrullus lanatus (Watermelon) Seed on Lipid Profile and Electrolyte Function in Alcohol-induced Toxicity in Male Rats
Authors: DI Izunwanne,
Published: September 2024

Alcohol misuse and alcoholism pose significant health and socioeconomic challenges worldwide. Chronic consumption of alcohol can lead to the production of various reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and hydrogen peroxide. This study aims to evaluate the effects of an aqueous extract of Citrullus lanatus seeds on lipid profiles and electrolyte levels after alcohol-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. The rats were separated into five groups, each containing six individuals: Group A, which served as a positive control, was given only food and water; Group B, as a negative control, received only alcohol; Group C was administered 500 mg/kg of aqueous Citrullus lanatus seed extract (ASCL) for six weeks; Group D received a 35% alcohol solution for three weeks followed by 500 mg/kg of ASCL for an additional six weeks; and Group E received the same alcohol solution for three weeks and then underwent treatment with 1000 mg/kg of ASCL for six weeks. The duration of the experiment was nine weeks, with the treatment delivered via oral gavage. Comparisons showed that the group treated only with alcohol exhibited significant differences (P≤0.05) relative to the control group, and the alcohol-only group also showed significant differences (P≤0.05) when compared to the ASCL-treated groups concerning lipid profiles and electrolyte levels. The findings indicated that alcohol consumption resulted in hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), alongside reduced levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Conversely, treatment with ASCL demonstrated hypolipidemic effects. Alcohol intake was associated with hyponatremia and hypokalemia, conditions that were mitigated by ASCL treatment.
Precision Agriculture: Transforming Farming Efficiency with Cutting-edge Smart Technologies: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Gulaiya Shani , Sharma Aparna , Singh Sahadeva , Kumar Ravi , Chaudhary Durgesh , Yadav Kamalkant , Kumar Manish , Kumar Ravindra
Published: September 2024

Agriculture is the study, practice, and science of plant growth. Agriculture has a long history dating back thousands of years. Depending on the topography and climate, it started out separately in different places of the planet. Thanks to agriculture, the number of people on Earth has increased many times beyond what could be maintained by hunting and gathering. Precision farming has improved production in modern agriculture since the 20th century. Precision farming is a farming method that uses technology to measure, monitor, and analyze the demands of particular fields and crops. The primary goal of this farming style, in contrast to conventional farming, is to maximize crop yields and profitability by precisely using inputs. In today's world, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things are indispensable. Modern agriculture uses AI and IoT technologies and their benefits. This improves the accuracy and profitability of contemporary agriculture. We go over a few of the modern uses of AI and IoT in intelligent precision farming. Furthermore, significant instruments and methods used in precision farming are also described. The crucial benefits and the real-time devices used in the precision farming are also discussed in detail.
Performance Study of Betelvine (Piper betle Linn.) Cultivars under Varying Doses of Phytohormone-Triacontanol
Authors: Banik Sachindranath , Dutta Babli , Medda P.S. , Yarin Toko
Published: September 2024

Betel vine (Piper betle Linn.) belongs to the family Piperaceae. The experiment was carried out with two factorial randomized block design combining 3 replications and 18 no. of treatments. Adopted plant spacing was 50 cm x10 cm and plot to plot distance was 60 cm. Treatment Details: Factor 1: Triacontanol – 0.1% (T1), Triacontanol – 0.05% (T2), Triacontanol – 0% (T3), Factor 2: Cultivars: Utkal Sudam, Kali Bangla, Kotki, Simurali Bhabna, Simurali Gol Bhabna, Chalani local. Nutrients were applied as FYM (10 tonnes ha-1) and N:P:K::200:100:100 Kg ha-1year-1. Regarding the interaction effect of cultivar with the effect of Triacontanol, the cultivar Kotki treated with Triacontanol @ 0.1% (T1) recorded highest average vine elongation per month (32.83 cm). Whereas both the cultivar Kotki and Kali Bangla, when treated with Triacontanol @ 0.1% (T1) recorded maximum number of leaves per vine per year (4.60). The highest content of total Chlorophyll (3.89 mg/g) and essential oil (0.82%) was obtained from the cultivar Simurali Gole Bhabna treated with Triacontanol @ 0.1% (T1). The cultivar Utkal Sudam with Triacontanol @ 0.05% (T2) was observed highest Phenol content (142.58 mg GAE /100g). Maximum shelf life (18 days) was obtained from the cultivar Kali Bangla and Kotki treated with Triacontanol 0.1% (T1). From this experiment, highest benefit:cost ratio (3.03) was obtained from the cultivar Kali Bangla treated with Triacontanol @ 0.1%(T1) and lowest benefit:cost ratio (1.75) was recorded in cultivar Chalani local without the use of Triacontanol i.e. in control plot.
Study on Nano-Zn, Inorganic, and Organic Nutrient Management Practices and Their Impact on Nutrient Availability in Kharif Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Verma Shikhar , Yadav D. D. , Verma V. K. , Siddiqui M. Z. , Kumar Ravindra , Kumar Sarvesh , Maurya Shravan Kumar , Kumar Mandeep
Published: September 2024

A study was conducted to assess the impact of Nano-Zn, inorganic, and organic nutrient management practices on the physico-chemical properties and nutrient availability in Kharif maize (Zea mays L.) grown during 2022 and 2023 at Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur. The experiment followed a split-plot design, with organic manures (Control, FYM at 10 t/ha, and Vermicompost at 5 t/ha) as the main plot treatments and various nutrient management strategies (Control, 75% RDF, 75% RDF + ZnSO4 at 25 kg/ha, 75% RDF + Nano-Zn at 10 ml/litre, 100% RDF, 100% RDF + ZnSO4, and 100% RDF + Nano-Zn) as the subplot treatments. Results showed that combining 100% RDF with Nano-Zn and ZnSO4 significantly enhanced soil nutrient availability and improved physico-chemical properties compared to control treatments. The organic carbon content was highest in the 100% RDF + Nano-Zn treatment (0.492%), suggesting an increase in soil organic matter. Nitrogen availability was significantly higher in this treatment, with a pooled value of 151.167 kg/ha, compared to 143.443 kg/ha in the control. Phosphorus availability also increased in the 100% RDF + Nano-Zn treatment (16.337 kg/ha), indicating better phosphorus mobilization. Potassium availability was enhanced, with the highest recorded value (216.39 kg/ha) in the 100% RDF + Nano-Zn treatment, while the control treatment had 213.597 kg/ha. Zinc availability was markedly improved, with the 100% RDF + Nano-Zn treatment reaching 0.853 mg/kg, compared to 0.79 mg/kg in the control. This study demonstrated that integrating Nano-Zn and ZnSO4 with inorganic fertilizers significantly improved soil fertility, nutrient availability, and potentially enhanced crop performance in Kharif maize. These findings indicate that combining inorganic and nano-fertilizers could be an effective nutrient management strategy, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices and improved productivity in maize cultivation, alongside better soil health.
Nonstationary decision model for flood risk decision scaling
Authors: Spence Caitlin M. , Brown Casey M.
Published: October 2016

Hydroclimatic stationarity is increasingly questioned as a default assumption in flood risk management (FRM), but successor methods are not yet established. Some potential successors depend on estimates of future flood quantiles, but methods for estimating future design storms are subject to high levels of uncertainty. Here we apply a Nonstationary Decision Model (NDM) to flood risk planning within the decision scaling framework. The NDM combines a nonstationary probability distribution of annual peak flow with optimal selection of flood management alternatives using robustness measures. The NDM incorporates structural and nonstructural FRM interventions and valuation of flows supporting ecosystem services to calculate expected cost of a given FRM strategy. A search for the minimum‐cost strategy under incrementally varied representative scenarios extending across the plausible range of flood trend and value of the natural flow regime discovers candidate FRM strategies that are evaluated and compared through a decision scaling analysis (DSA). The DSA selects a management strategy that is optimal or close to optimal across the broadest range of scenarios or across the set of scenarios deemed most likely to occur according to estimates of future flood hazard. We illustrate the decision framework using a stylized example flood management decision based on the Iowa City flood management system, which has experienced recent unprecedented high flow episodes. The DSA indicates a preference for combining infrastructural and nonstructural adaptation measures to manage flood risk and makes clear that options‐based approaches cannot be assumed to be “no” or “low regret.”
Psychosocial employment characteristics and postpartum maternal mental health symptoms
Authors: Schwab‐Reese Laura M. , Ramirez Marizen , Ashida Sato , Peek‐Asa Corinne
Published: October 2016

Introduction

For new mothers returning to work, the role of the workplace psychosocial environment on maternal mental health has not been fully described.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between psychosocial employment characteristics and mothers’ postpartum depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms.

Methods

Ninety‐seven women answered survey questions regarding employment, job demand, control, and support, and postpartum depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms soon after live birth and 6 months later.

Results

Working and nonworking mothers reported similar mental health symptoms. Psychological characteristics of employment were not associated with increased odds of mental health symptoms. Increased social support provided by coworkers, supervisors, and the organization was associated with reduced odds of anxiety symptoms.

Conclusion

Our findings identified lack of workplace social support as a modifiable risk factor for postpartum anxiety. Future evaluations of workplace social support interventions may be explored to improve postpartum mental health symptoms. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:109–120, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
TBCK‐related intellectual disability syndrome: Case study of two patients
Authors: Mandel Hanna , Khayat Morad , Chervinsky Elana , Elpeleg Orly , Shalev Stavit
Published: October 2016

There is a significant level of genetic heterogeneity underlying the phenotype of nonspecific hypotonia with severe intellectual disability. Exome sequencing has proven to be a powerful tool for identifying the underlying molecular basis of such nonspecific, abnormal neurological phenotypes. Mutations in the TBCK gene have been reported associated with very poor, if any, psychomotor development, poor speech, and inability to walk independently. We describe the long‐term phenotypic evolution of a severe nonspecific neurodevelopmental disorder in two siblings born to an Arab‐Moslem family living in northern Israel. Exome sequencing led to identification of a novel homozygous mutation: c.1854delT in the TBCK gene. Abnormal elevated β‐HCG was found in the maternal serum during the two pregnancies, a finding that has not been reported before. These individuals present with severe intellectual disability, no speech, hypotonia, convulsions, and lack of any independent daily skills. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cationic ruthenium(II) complexes supported on mesoporous silica as catalyst precursors in the selective oxidative cleavage of 1‐octene
Authors: Kotzé Hendrik , Mapolie Selwyn
Published: October 2016

The selective oxidative cleavage of 1‐octene to heptanal and heptanoic acid is reported. A range of model and silica‐immobilized ruthenium(II) systems were evaluated. The MCM‐41 and SBA‐15 immobilized systems were found to show superior activity when compared to their homogeneous counterparts and were found to exert control over the selective formation of aldehydes or carboxylic acids. This could be achieved by varying the reaction times with very high yields being achieved at relatively short reaction times and low metal concentrations. The immobilized catalysts were characterized using nitrogen sorption, powder X‐ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopies, solid‐state NMR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.
Long‐Term Safety and Efficacy of Fulranumab in Patients With Moderate‐to‐Severe Osteoarthritis Pain: A Phase II Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Extension Study
Authors: Sanga Panna , Katz Nathaniel , Polverejan Elena , Wang Steven , Kelly Kathleen M. , Haeussler Juergen , Thipphawong John
Published: October 2016

Objective

To evaluate the long‐term safety and efficacy of fulranumab in patients with knee or hip pain caused by moderate‐to‐severe chronic osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods

In this phase II double‐blind, placebo‐controlled extension study, patients who were randomized in equal proportions to receive subcutaneous doses of either placebo or fulranumab (1 mg every 4 weeks, 3 mg every 8 weeks, 3 mg every 4 weeks, 6 mg every 8 weeks, or 10 mg every 8 weeks) in the 12‐week double‐blind efficacy phase and who completed this double‐blind efficacy phase were eligible to continue the dosage throughout a 92‐week double‐blind extension phase, followed by a 24‐week posttreatment follow‐up period. Safety assessments included evaluation of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs), pre‐identified AEs of interest, and joint replacements. Efficacy assessments included changes from baseline to the end of the double‐blind extension phase in scores on the patient's global assessment and the pain and physical function subscales of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.

Results

Overall, 401 of the 423 patients who completed the 12‐week double‐blind efficacy phase entered the extension study. Long‐term sustained improvements were observed in all efficacy parameters following fulranumab treatment (1 mg every 4 weeks, 3 mg every 4 weeks, and 10 mg every 8 weeks) as compared with placebo. Similar percentages of patients in both groups experienced TEAEs (88% taking placebo and 91% taking fulranumab; all phases). Across all fulranumab groups, arthralgia (21%) and OA (18%) (e.g., exacerbation of OA pain) were the most common TEAEs. The most common serious TEAEs were the requirement for knee (10%) and hip (7%) arthroplasty, with 80% occurring during the posttreatment follow‐up period. Neurologic‐related TEAEs (28%; all phases) were generally mild‐to‐moderate. Overall, 81 joint replacements were performed in 71 patients (8 [11%] receiving placebo and 63 [89%] receiving fulranumab); 15 patients (21%) had rapid progression of OA (RPOA). All cases of RPOA occurred in fulranumab‐treated patients who were concurrently receiving nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and occurred in joints with preexisting OA.

Conclusion

Long‐term treatment with fulranumab was generally well‐tolerated and efficacious. RPOA was observed as a safety signal. Future studies are warranted to demonstrate whether the risk of RPOA can be reduced in patients taking fulranumab.
Peficitinib, a JAK Inhibitor, in the Treatment of Moderate‐to‐Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients With an Inadequate Response to Methotrexate
Authors: Kivitz A. J. , Gutierrez‐Ureña S. R. , Poiley J. , Genovese M. C. , Kristy R. , Shay K. , Wang X. , Garg J. P. , Zubrzycka‐Sienkiewicz A.
Published: October 2016

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of orally administered once‐daily peficitinib in combination with methotrexate (MTX) in patients with moderate‐to‐severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had an inadequate response to MTX.

Methods

In this multinational, phase IIb, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, dose‐ranging trial, patients with RA (n = 378) were treated with peficitinib 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, or 150 mg plus MTX, or matching placebo plus MTX once daily for 12 weeks. The primary end point was the percentage of patients who met the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria (achieved an ACR20 response) at week 12.

Results

ACR20 response rates at week 12 were 43.9%, 61.5% (P < 0.05 versus placebo), 46.4%, 57.7%, and 44.4% in the peficitinib 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, and placebo groups, respectively. Significant decreases from baseline in the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the C‐reactive protein level were seen in the peficitinib 50 mg (P < 0.05) and 150 mg (P < 0.01) groups compared with placebo at week 12. Overall, the incidence of adverse events (AEs) was similar between peficitinib and placebo. The most common AEs were urinary tract infection (n = 22 [6%]), upper respiratory tract infection (n = 16 [4%]), and diarrhea (n = 16 [4%]). There were 3 cases of herpes zoster infection (2 in the peficitinib 100 mg group and 1 in the 150 mg group) and 2 cases of serious infection (viral infection in the peficitinib 100 mg group and erysipelas in the 150 mg group).

Conclusion

The ACR20 response rate in the group receiving peficitinib 50 mg plus MTX was significantly different compared with the rate in patients receiving placebo, but there were no apparent dose‐dependent responses, and the placebo response rate was high. Peficitinib plus MTX in patients with moderate‐to‐severe RA was well tolerated, with limited safety signals emerging.
Specific growth rate and multiplicity of infection affect high‐cell‐density fermentation with bacteriophage M13 for ssDNA production
Authors: Kick Benjamin , Hensler Samantha , Praetorius Florian , Dietz Hendrik , Weuster‐Botz Dirk
Published: October 2016

The bacteriophage M13 has found frequent applications in nanobiotechnology due to its chemically and genetically tunable protein surface and its ability to self‐assemble into colloidal membranes. Additionally, its single‐stranded (ss) genome is commonly used as scaffold for DNA origami. Despite the manifold uses of M13, upstream production methods for phage and scaffold ssDNA are underexamined with respect to future industrial usage. Here, the high‐cell‐density phage production with Escherichia coli as host organism was studied in respect of medium composition, infection time, multiplicity of infection, and specific growth rate. The specific growth rate and the multiplicity of infection were identified as the crucial state variables that influence phage amplification rate on one hand and the concentration of produced ssDNA on the other hand. Using a growth rate of 0.15 h−1 and a multiplicity of infection of 0.05 pfu cfu−1 in the fed‐batch production process, the concentration of pure isolated M13 ssDNA usable for scaffolded DNA origami could be enhanced by 54% to 590 mg L−1. Thus, our results help enabling M13 production for industrial uses in nanobiotechnology. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 777–784. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhanced detection of lymphovascular invasion in small rectal neuroendocrine tumors using D2‐40 and Elastica van Gieson immunohistochemical analysis
Authors: Kitagawa Yoshiyasu , Ikebe Dai , Hara Taro , Kato Kazuki , Komatsu Teisuke , Kondo Fukuo , Azemoto Ryousaku , Komoda Fumitake , Tanaka Taketsugu , Saito Hirofumi , Itami Makiko , Yamaguchi Taketo , Suzuki Takuto
Published: October 2016

Rectal neuroendocrine tumor (RNET) lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is regarded as an important predictor of nodal metastasis after endoscopic resection (ER). However, little is known about the frequency of immunohistochemical detection of LVI in RNETs. This study was performed to establish the actual detection of LVI rate in RNETs ≤10 mm and to evaluate associated clinical outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed the records for 98 consecutive patients treated by ER with a total of 102 RNETs ≤10 mm. Tissue sections were labeled with hematoxylin–eosin (HE) stain, the D2‐40 monoclonal antibody to evaluate lymphatic invasion, and Elastica van Gieson (EVG) stain to detect venous invasion. LVI detection rate by HE versus immunohistochemical analysis was compared. Follow‐up findings and clinical outcomes were also evaluated for 91 patients who were followed for ≥12 months. Lymphatic and venous invasion were detected using HE staining alone in 6.9% and 3.9% of patients, respectively, whereas they were detected using D2‐40 and EVG staining in 20.6% and 47.1% of the patients, respectively. Thus, the LVI detection frequency using D2‐40 and EVG staining (56.9%) was significantly higher than with HE (8.8%). Two out of seven patients who required additional surgery had regional lymph node metastases. However, among the 84 patients who were followed up without surgery, no distant metastases or recurrences were detected. Compared with HE staining, immunohistochemical analysis significantly increased the frequency of LVI detection in RNETs ≤10 mm. However, the clinical impact of LVIs detected using immunohistochemical analysis remains unclear. Clarification of the actual role of LVI using immunohistochemical analysis requires a patient long‐term follow‐up and outcomes.
Synthesis of Asymmetrical Monobenzo‐Substituted Cobalt Thioporphyrazines and Their Biomimetic Catalytic Property
Authors: Zhou Peng , Jin Juanjuan , Zhang Bingguang , Yang Changjun , Zhang Zehui , Li Zhe , Deng Kejian
Published: October 2016

Two novel monobenzo porphyrazines bearing nitro and methoxyl respectively on fused benzene ring were successfully synthesized. Also, an asymmetrical porphyrazine with one butylthio branch at the pyrrolic β‐position substituted by hydrogen atom was successfully isolated in the course of synthesis of symmetric octakis(butylthio) porphyrazine. Their corresponding cobalt complexes were subsequently obtained and characterized. Their catalytic ability was assessed by aerobic oxidation of benzoin, showing the highest benzil yield of 95.2% for 60 min. A possible mechanism was also presented from the in‐situ UV‐Vis spectra, in which a novel and characteristic absorption peak of metal‐oxo was observed. At the same time, similar results of the extended oxidation of benzyl alcohol also confirmed the reactive mechanism.
Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Aryl‐Substituted Tripyrrinone Copper Complexes. Comparison of Redox Properties to Structurally Related Porphyrins and Corroles
Authors: Wang Wenda , Ou Zhongping , Ye Lina , Fang Yuanyuan , Xue Songlin , Song Yang , Kadish Karl M.
Published: October 2016

Four aryl‐substituted tripyrrinone copper(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized as to their electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties. The examined compounds are represented as (YPh)3TPO2Cu, where TPO2 is a dianion of the tripyrrinone and Y is a CH3O, CH3, H or Cl substituent on the para‐position of each phenyl ring of the compound. The neutral compounds are ESR active and show a typical d9 Cu(II) signal in frozen CH2Cl2 solution. Each Cu(II) compound undergoes three reductions between −0.61 and −1.90 V and two oxidations between 1.00 and 1.24 V in CH2Cl2 containing 0.1 mol/L tetra‐n‐butylammonium perchlorate. The potentials for oxidation are similar to those of copper tetraarylporphyrins but the reduction potentials are positively shifted as compared to the corresponding tetraarylporphyrins. Thus, the potential difference between the first one‐electron oxidation and first one‐electron reduction (the HOMO‐LUMO gap) of (YPh)3TPO2Cu, which ranges from 1.68 to 1.75 V, is similar to that of copper corroles (1.73–1.85 V), but smaller than the separation of 2.30–2.37 V for the copper tetraarylporphyrins under the same solution conditions.
Stability of Odd‐ Versus Even‐Electron Gas‐Phase (Quasi)Molecular Ions Derived from Pyridine‐Substituted N‐Heterotriangulenes
Authors: Hitzenberger Jakob F. , Dral Pavlo O. , Meinhardt Ute , Clark Timothy , Thiel Walter , Kivala Milan , Drewello Thomas
Published: October 2016

Electrospray ionisation of N‐heterotriangulenes (i.e., dimethylmethylene‐bridged triphenylamines) with up to three pyridyl groups at their periphery, produces the true radical cation ([M]+.) and the protonated molecule ([M+H]+) simultaneously. These ions are studied as model systems to illustrate the stability alternation of odd‐ versus even‐electron ions in energy‐dependent collision‐induced dissociation (CID) experiments. All ions show the same fragmentation pattern, the consecutive loss of three methyl radicals (.CH3) from the dimethylmethylene bridges of the central triangulene core. [M]+. ions dissociate at much lower collision energies than their [M+H]+ counterparts. The radical cation forms a singlet fragment with an extended aromatic system that is energetically favoured. Ab initio and density functional theory calculations support this interpretation and allow the assignment of the electronic structure of the fragment ions. Consecutive collision‐induced dissociations provide a better match with theory when studied with an ion trap, rather than a linear quadrupole. This is attributed to the resonant nature of the excitation of intermediate ions.
NbCl5‐Promoted Synthesis of Fluorescein Dye Derivatives: Spectroscopic and Spectrometric Characterization and Their Application in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: da Silva Bruno Henrique Sacoman Torquato , Bregadiolli Bruna Andressa , Graeff Carlos Frederico de Oliveira , da Silva‐Filho Luiz Carlos
Published: October 2016

Fluorescein has several applications owing to its properties, such as high molar absorptivity, high fluorescence quantum yield, high photostability, and wavelengths of absorption and emission in the visible region. The syntheses of fluorescein derivatives between phenol and anhydride derivatives by using NbCl5 as a Lewis acid is described. The products have high yields and short reaction times are observed. The study of the UV/Vis and fluorescence spectra of these derivatives and their application in dye‐sensitized solar cells is also described.
Relevance of cardiac parvovirus B19 in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy: review of the literature
Authors: Verdonschot Job , Hazebroek Mark , Merken Jort , Debing Yannick , Dennert Robert , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Heymans Stephane
Published: October 2016

Over the last decade, parvovirus B19 (B19V) has frequently been linked to the pathogenesis of myocarditis (MC) and its progression towards dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The exact role of the presence of B19V and its load remains controversial, as this virus is also found in the heart of healthy subjects. Moreover, the prognostic relevance of B19V prevalence in endomyocardial biopsies still remains unclear. As a result, it is unclear whether the presence of B19V should be treated. This review provides an overview of recent literature investigating the presence of B19V and its pathophysiological relevance in MC and DCM, as well as in normal hearts. In brief, no difference in B19V prevalence is observed between MC/DCM and healthy control hearts. Therefore, the question remains open whether and how cardiac B19V may be of pathogenetic importance. Findings suggest that B19V is aetiologically relevant either in the presence of other cardiotropic viruses, or when B19V load is high and/or actively replicating, which both may maintain myocardial (low‐grade) inflammation. Therefore, future studies should focus on the prognostic relevance of the viral load, replicative status and virus co‐infections. In addition, the immunogenetic background of MC/DCM patients that makes them susceptible to develop heart failure upon presence of B19V should be more thoroughly investigated.