bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SINISME PRIVASI, DISKRIMINASI DAN KOMODITAS DATA: PARADOKS MEDIA SOSIAL DI ERA KAPITALISME PENGAWASAN
Authors: Suciati Titis Nurwulan
Published: December 2019

Terinspirasi dari   banyak kasus penyelewengan data Facebook yang digunakan untuk kepentingan politik dan kekuasaan, tulisan berikut  mencoba memetakan secara kritis konsep dan tidak pengawasan di ranah digital khususnya media sosial serta konsekuensi sosial yang “tak terlihat” pada penggunanya, dengan alasan media sosial adalah aplikasi internal yang sangat popular dan mengambil bagian dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat. Perkembangan cepat perangkat seluler menandai merayapnya pengawasan secara progresif ke dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dengan memungkinkan pengguna untuk ditemukan dan dilacak yang pada akhirnya mengubah perilaku sosial mereka. Pada saat yang sama, kekuatiran ini tampaknya tidak menghasilkan gelombang perilaku perlindungan yang sesuai. Dalam penelitian yang menggunakan metode tinjauan literatur sistematik ini, penulis menggarisbawahi bahwa platform media sosial memungkinkan pengguna warga negara untuk saling berkomunkasi, berbagi informasi dengan pengguna lain, termasuk perincian data pribadi mereka sendiri. Sementara, aktor negara dan perusahaan memiliki potensi untuk mengawasi dan mengintervensi platform ini. Konsekuensi sosial tidak hanya hilangnya privasi, tetapi juga diskriminasi, penyortiran sosial dan  komodifikasi data.  Pada media sosial, pengguna merasa bahwa konten mereka bersifat pribadi, meskipun secara teknis, tidak. Pelaku pengawasan sendiri memandang media sosial sebagai ruang publik.Dengan kemunculan konsekuensi sosial tersebut, penulis meminjam pemikiran Fuchs untuk perlunya pengawasan masyarakat sipil terhadap perusahaan internet, dan pembentukan dan dukungan platform alternative sebagai kontra pengawasan yang tidak simetris yang dilakukan oleh raksasa-raksasa digital seperti Facebook dan Google.
No Acute Toxicity Tests of Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) Ethanolic Extract on Male Albino Rat by Determined Hepatorenal Function Test and Histopathology
Authors: Arjadi Fitranto , Kurniawan Dhadhang Wahyu , Wibowo Yudhi , Siswandari Wahyu , Rujito Lantip
Published: December 2019

Pimpinella pruatjan Molkis a local indegineuos plant speciescommonly used  aphrodisiac.This studywas performed to analyze the effect of acute administration of purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) roots ethanol extract to liver and kidney histological damagein rats. The study used an experimental approachusing post test only with control group design. Rats were randomly divided into five groups; 3 rats in each group. Group A as a control group received aquadest, group B, C, D, and E were given purwoceng roots ethanol extract dose of 5 mg/kgBW, 50 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, and 2000 mg/kgBW respectively.Liver histological damage was assessed by a modification of the Roenigk score, whereaskidney damage was by the semiquantitative scoring of proximal tubular necrosis. UV test was used to quantify the AST and ALT levels, the measurement of blood urea levels was using the Urease-GLDH method, and Jaffe methodwas used to access the creatinine levels.Kruskal-Wallis test showed that liver and kidney histologicalparameterswere not significantly affected, as well as theblood urea and creatinine levels (p>0.05).Meanwhile,ALT level wasonly parameters which showed the significant test (p <0.05)among groups. Study concluded that the liver and kidney histological appearance, AST, blood urea, and creatinine levels in the male albino rat were not significantly affected by acute administration of Purwoceng roots in various dosesbut  the ALT level was significantly affected
Frontmatter (Front Cover, Editorial Team, Preface and Table of Contents)
Authors: Fatoni Amin
Published: December 2019

No Abstract
Backmatter (Instruction for author and back cover)
Authors: Fatoni Amin
Published: December 2019

No Abstract
A Novel Method for Calculating the Product Category Speciﬁc Setpoint Variations for Heat Emitters in EN15316-2
Authors: Võsa Karl-Villem , Ferrantelli Andrea , Kurnitski Jarek
Published: December 2019

Estimating heat emission losses of heating systems is an important task of energy efficiency assessments in buildings. To this aim, the present international standards contain tabulated values for different emitter and control system configurations, without however explaining how to compute the effect of increased setpoint temperatures on the system losses. Moreover, the effects of each component are treated as independent, while e.g. vertical stratification and temperature control of the system are cross-related. In this paper we attempt to fill this gap by proposing a calculation method to calculate the product category specific setpoint variations for space heating emitters, accounting for the overall heat balance in the enclosure and including the cross-correlations of each component as well. The emission losses of a heating system are computed using a temperature setpoint variation method that is imposed on annual energy calculations. This complements the procedure presented in the Standard EN15316-2, also providing the possibility to use product-specific values of setpoint variations instead of tabulated values. As the main finding of the study, the calculation process is defined for a European Reference Room, namely for a specific enclosure that allows an accurate and transparent evaluation of the total setpoint variation. The product-specific values of setpoint variations are calculated from measured vertical stratification and control parameters with an annual simulation model of the European Reference Room. The total setpoint variations were simulated for a set of heat emitters and controllers in order to quantify and compare the energy performance of a new and an old type building located in Strasbourg. We find that the total setpoint variation required to overcome emission losses is up to 2.00 °C in the old building and 1.20 °C in the new building, corresponding respectively to an increase in total heating energy usage of up to 22% and 20%.
LW-CCA: A New Energy Efficient Method for Low-Power Radio Operation in Wireless Sensor Networks for IoT Applications
Authors: Amiri Nasab Mehdi , Shamshirband Shahaboddin , Chronopoulos Anthony Theodore , Mosavi Amir , Nabipour Narjes
Published: December 2019

The radio activity in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and Internet of Things (IoT) applications are the most common reason for power consumption. However, recognizing and controlling the factors affecting radio activity can be valuable for managing node power. ContikiMAC is a low-power Radio Duty-Cycle protocol in Contiki OS that uses Clear Channel Assessments (CCA) to check radio status periodically. The time taken to check the radio in receive mode WakeUp, is one of the most important reasons for power consumption which in most the cases can lead to negative WakeUp in Radio Duty-Cycles and ContikiMAC especially. Here, we present a detailed analysis of idle listening time factors on the ContikiMAC. Then, we propose Light Weight CCA(LW-CCA) as an extension to ContikiMAC to reduce power consumption by reducing the radio check time in receive mode WakeUp’s, while maintaining up to 99% the Packet Delivery Rate (PDR). The simulation results show that the proposed method reduces significantly energy consumption in nodes compared to ContikiMAC and thus it helps maintain a high network performance.
NASKAH DRAMA SENJA DENGAN DUA KELELAWAR KARYA KRIDJOMULYO: KAJIAN PSIKOLOGI SASTRA DAN RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR APRESIASI DRAMA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Wicaksono Akbar Bagus , Rakhmawati Ani , Suhita Raheni
Published: December 2019

This research aims to explain: (1) characters character in the drama script Senja Dengan Dua Kelelawar; (2) the inner conflicts experienced by the characters in the drama script Senja Dengan Dua Kelelawar; and (3) the relevance of the drama Senja Dengan Dua Kelelawar as a teaching material for drama appreciation at senior high school. This study uses a literature psychology study, which uses a psychological approach to knowing the character of the character through observation of behavioral characters. The results of this study are descriptions of: (1) the characterization of the characters in the Drama Senja Dengan Dua Kelelawar which differ from each character. This is done to build a storyline that matches the theme of the drama script; (2) the inner conflicts experienced by the characters in the drama drama Senja Dengan Dua Kelelawar are very complex. Every inner conflict experienced by a character can be described through psychoanalytic theory with a focus on the study of the id, ego, and superego; and (3) the relevance of the Drama of Senja Dengan Dua Kelelawar as a teaching material for drama appreciation in high schools by paying attention to aspects of language, students' psychological development, and cultural background.
STRUKTUR CERITA DAN NILAI KEPAHLAWANAN DALAM CERITA RAKYAT DI KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR SEBAGAI MATERI AJAR DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Puspitasari Dita , Andayani Andayani , Hastuti Sri
Published: December 2019

The aims of this research are to describe the intrinsic structure of folklore, the heroism value of folklore, and relevance as literary teaching materials in junior high school. This research used qualitative description method with content analysis approach. The data sources are folklore texts, places and cultural heritage, and informants. Folklore used in this research are Asal Mula Nama Karanganyar, Perjuangan Raden Mas Said, and Joko Songo. Selected as the sample using purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The technique of data collection are documents analysis and interview. The data validity technique used are source and method triangulation. The technique of data analysis using interactive model of analysis that includes data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The result of this research are, (1) the structure contained in folklore in Karanganyar includes themes, characters, plot, setting, and message, (2) found 15 heroism value in folklore in Karanganyar District, (3) the folklore in Karanganyar is relevance with teaching materials in the junior high school.
KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA DAN NILAI TOLERANSI PADA NOVEL KAMBING DAN HUJAN KARYA MAHFUD IKHWAN SERTA RELEVANSINYA DENGAN MATERI AJAR APRESIASI SASTRA DI SMA KELAS XII
Authors: Sukma Ayu , Andayani Andayani , Mujiyanto Yant
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to describe: (1) social background novel Kambing dan Hujan, (2) the social background of the author, (3) a response from readers based on social background, (4) the value of tolerance, (5) the relevance of novel Kambing dan Hujan with teaching materials appreciation of literature in high school. This study is a qualitative research approach of sociology of literature. The data collection technique used is the analysis of documents and interviews. Analysis of the data used is an interactive model. The conclusions of this study are: (1) aspects of social background in the novel: habits, customs, traditions, ways of thinking and behaving, beliefs, and outlook on life; (2) social background author: born in Lamongan, East Java, on May 7, 1980. Living in Yogyakarta and work as a novelist, editor, and facilitator in Bengkel Menulis Gerakan Literasi Indonesia. Novel Kambing dan Hujan written based on the experience of author when living in the region of origin; (3) a response from the reader, the novel nice and attractive and provide a positive influence; (4) the value of tolerance in the novel: the value of tolerance to the habit, circumstances, views, and behavior; (5) novel Kambing dan Hujan relevant with teaching materials appreciation of literature in high school because having already qualified identification of teaching material learning and in accordance with the teaching materials in the syllabus Indonesian subjects Curriculum 2013 revised edition 2016.
ANALISIS WACANA RUBRIK RESENSI PADA SURAT KABAR SOLOPOS EDISI JANUARI-DESEMBER 2017 SERTA RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR TEKS ULASAN DI SMP DAN SMA
Authors: Pangestika Meilani Wahyu , Rakhmawati Ani , Suhita Raheni
Published: December 2019

This research aimed at describing and explaining about (1) the discourse structure of review text on book review columns in Solopos Newspaper January-December 2017 edition; (2) the textual aspects of book review; (3) the contextual aspects of book review; (4) the relevance of book review columns in Solopos Newspaper January-December 2017 edition as the teaching materials of review text in Secondary Junior High Schools and in Secondary Senior High Schools. The type of this research is qualitative descriptive. The results of this research indicated that (1) the discourse structure of review text on book review columns included opening paragraph, contacting paragraph or content, and closing paragraph; (2) textual aspects supporting the completeness of book review were the topic of discourse, aspects of cohesion and coherence, and forms of words; (3) the contextual aspects on book review could be understood through four interpretive principles, namely: the principle of personal interpretation, the principle of local interpretation, the principle of temporal interpretation, and the principle of analogy; and (4) the results of this research also indicated that book review columns in Solopos Newspaper January-December 2017 edition could be used as the teaching materials of review text in Junior High Schools and Senior High Schools.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGUASAAN KALIMAT EFEKTIF DAN KEBIASAAN MEMBACA MEDIA MASSA CETAK DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS BERITA PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI SE-KECAMATAN SERENGAN KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Iswandari Novi , Setiawan Budhi , Ulya Chafit
Published: December 2019

This research is a quantitative research that aims to describe about the correlation between effective sentence mastery and reading habit of printed mass media with news text writing skills independent or together. The method used is correlational survey. The sample in this study is 126 students or 28% from the total population of 446 students. Thesample determined by cluster random sampling technique. Research data were obtained through three instruments (1) test of news text writing skills; (2) effective sentence mastery test; and
(3) questionnaire of reading habit of printed mass media. Data analysis technique used is product moment correlation (simple and double) and regression. The result of this research show effective sentences mastery (X1) and reading habit of printed mass media (X2) together contributes 48% to news text writing skills (Y).
PEMANFAATAN NILAI PEDULI SOSIAL CERITA RAKYAT DI KABUPATEN PURBALINGGA SEBAGAI PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Amalia Wiwit Puji , Sumarwati Sumarwati , Setiawan Budhi
Published: December 2019

This research is a qualitative descriptive research aims to (1) describe and explain the structure of folklore of Purbalingga District, (2) to describe and explain the social care values contained in Purbalingga District folklore, (3) describe and explain the relevance of folklore as the character buildingand teaching material in Junior High School. Data and information are collected through informants and documents. Data collection is done through observation, recording, interview, and document analysis. Research sample is determined by purposive sampling technique. Validation of data is done by triangulation. The results of this research are:
(1) the structure of folklore Purbalingga District, (2) social caring values contained in Purbalingga District folklore, (3) relevance of folklore as the character building and teaching material in Junior High School.
BENTUK DAN FUNGSI DEIKSIS DALAM TAJUK RENCANA PADA SURAT KABAR SOLOPOS EDISI 2017 DAN RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR PEMBELAJARAN TEKS EDITORIAL DI SEKOLAH MENEGAH ATAS
Authors: Purwandari Meilda Maharani , Rakhmawati Ani , Mulyono Slamet
Published: December 2019

This Analysis explain and describe: (1) the forms of deixis contained in the editorial of Solopos edition 2017; (2) the use of the deixis function in the editorial of Solopos edition 2017; (3) its relevance as teaching material of editorial text in high school. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with source data derived from editorial paper Solopos Edition 2017. Sampling technique of this research using purposive sampling and using document analysis and interview. Technique of data validity test that used is triangulation theory. The results of this research are 1) found 5 deixis form namely, deixis persona, deixis place/ space, deixis time, deixis discourse, and social deixis; 2) Based on the analysis found the functions of the use of deixis at Solopos Editorial Edition 2017 a) the function deiksis persona, b) The deixis function of place, c) The time dextis function, d) the function of the discourse of discourse, e) the social deixis function; 3) The Editor's editorial in the 2017 edition of Solopos matching with the criteria as teaching material for editorial texts in high school.
KONFLIK BATIN TOKOH UTAMA DALAM NOVEL KARYA RUWI MEITA TINJAUAN PSIKOLOGI SASTRA DAN RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR SASTRA INDONESIA DI SMA
Authors: Tara Silmi Nur Azizah , Rohmadi Muhammad , Saddhono Kundharu
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to describe: the form of ego defense mechanism used by the main character in resolving inner conflicts, character education values, and relevance as literary learning material in high school. This research was carried out with qualitative descriptive method and using literary psychology approach. The results of this study indicate that: 1) the form of inner conflict in the Kaliluna novel: Luka di Salamanca by Ruwi Meita includes the conflict away and the conflict approaching; (2) the form of the ego defense mechanism used by Kaliluna to resolve inner conflicts experienced by the main character in the novel Kaliluna: Luka di Salamanca in the form of sublimation, diversion, aggression, projection, reaction formation, apathy, and fantasy; (3) the values of character education contained in the novel include religious, tolerance, discipline, hard work, creative, independent, curiosity, national spirit, friendly / communicative, fond of reading, social care, and responsibility; (4) Kaliluna : Luka di Salamanca is relevant to teaching materials for learning Indonesian literature in high school because it is in accordance with the principles of good teaching materials and provides many positive values to be realized in daily life
Radial Nerve Sensory Branch Anatomical Variant
Authors: Day Louis M. , Stroud Sarah G. , Shah Neil V. , Pascal Scott C. , Penny Gregory S. , Diebo Bassel G. , Illical Emmanuel M.
Published: December 2019

Case:

Two patients sustained comminuted extra-articular distal humerus fractures. One patient was neurovascularly intact preoperatively. The other patient had a complete radial motor palsy with preserved sensation. Intraoperatively, both exhibited anatomic variants of the radial sensory nerve of the arm that pierced the triceps rather than branching from the distal third of the radial nerve proper, as is traditionally reported.

Conclusions:

Although rare, variations in the radial nerve may exist about the distal humerus. Surgeons should be aware of these variations to avoid iatrogenic injury.
Surgical Hip Dislocation Using the Modified Hardinge Approach for Excision of Osteocartilaginous Lesions of the Acetabulum and Femoral Neck in an Adult
Authors: Shannon Brett A. , Dixit Sameer , McCarthy Edward F. , Levin Adam S.
Published: December 2019

Case:

A 20-year-old woman presented with hip pain related to an osteocartilaginous lesion arising within the cotyloid fossa. She also had a lesion along the inferior femoral neck. Resection of both lesions was performed with surgical hip dislocation through a modified Hardinge approach.

Conclusions:

This unusual location for an osteocartilaginous lesion can lead to substantial pain and disability. Surgical dislocation through a modified Hardinge approach is an excellent option to concurrently resect these benign lesions of the cotyloid fossa and femoral neck without the need for trochanteric osteotomy.
Prosthesis-Engaging Retrograde Femoral Nail with Locking Plate for the Treatment of a Vancouver B1 Periprosthetic Femur Fracture Nonunion
Authors: Butler Bennet A. , Harold Ryan E. , Williams Joel
Published: December 2019

Case:

Here, we describe a case of a Vancouver B1 periprosthetic femur fracture which initially went on to nonunion after open reduction and internal fixation. Union was ultimately achieved with a construct consisting of a prosthesis-engaging retrograde femoral nail and a locking compression plate.

Conclusions:

This case provides evidence that a construct consisting of a prosthesis-engaging retrograde femoral nail and a locking compression plate is an option for increasing fracture site stability in Vancouver B1 periprosthetic fractures and may be useful for patients with poor bone quality or a previously established nonunion.
Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Technique Helps Identify Cryptococcal Infection in the Rib
Authors: Zhang Chaofan , Wang Chaoxin , Chen Fei , Huang Zida , Fang Xinyu , Li Wenbo , Yang Bin , Zhang Wenming
Published: December 2019

Case:

Two patients presented with pathological lytic bone lesions in the rib and associated soft tissue mass believed initially to represent soft tissue neoplasm. However, further consideration of infectious etiologies led to the identification of cryptococcal osteomyelitis. In one case, the microbiological culture was negative, but Cryptococcus neoformans was identified with the help of the metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technique. Both patients received oral fluconazole-only treatment, and the infections were successfully eradicated.

Conclusions:

The mNGS technique helps identify cryptococcal infection in the rib.
Establishing “Normal” Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function and Pain Interference Scores
Authors: Franovic Sreten , Gulledge Caleb M. , Kuhlmann Noah A. , Williford Tyler H. , Chen Chaoyang , Makhni Eric C.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Numerous recent studies have demonstrated the validity and efficiency of the National Institutes of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) forms in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgical procedures. It is assumed that a score of 50 in each domain represents the health state of a “reference” population, but this threshold has not been definitively proven. In order to truly assess whether a given orthopaedic intervention is successful, the comparative scores of healthy individuals must be known for any given health domain measured. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine baseline scores for the PROMIS general physical function (PROMIS-PF), pain interference (PROMIS-PI), and upper-extremity physical function (PROMIS-UE) domains in physically healthy, asymptomatic adult individuals. We hypothesized that, in individuals <40 years old, the mean PROMIS-PF and PROMIS-UE scores would be >50 and PROMIS-PI scores would be <50. We further hypothesized that these scores would be impacted by participant age.

Methods:

Three PROMIS computer adaptive test (CAT) domains were administered (either in person or through email) to healthy adult volunteers. These domains included PROMIS-PF, PROMIS-UE, and PROMIS-PI. Individuals who reported joint pain or dysfunction were excluded.

Results:

In total, 294 healthy volunteers with a mean age of 33.2 years (range, 18 to 83 years) completed all 3 PROMIS CAT forms. The mean (and standard deviation) PROMIS-UE, PROMIS-PF, and PROMIS-PI scores were 55.9 ± 6.6, 59.7 ± 8.0, and 43.6 ± 7.6, respectively, for individuals <40 years old and 51.2 ± 8.2, 52.9 ± 7.6, and 49.0 ± 8.0, respectively, for individuals ≥40 years old. Age correlated significantly with PROMIS-UE and PROMIS-PF in the older cohort.

Conclusions:

For individuals <40 years old, baseline PROMIS-PF scores were significantly higher than 50 and PROMIS-PI scores were significantly lower. This difference was less pronounced in individuals ≥40 years old. When treating young patients, clinicians should be cognizant of these healthy baseline scores.

Clinical Relevance:

In this study, reference range for asymptomatic musculoskeletal volunteers was determined across PROMIS CAT forms. These reference scores are important in treating and counseling patients with musculoskeletal conditions in order to determine relative impairment or functional capabilities.
Operative Times Have Remained Stable for Total Hip Arthroplasty for >15 Years
Authors: Cantrell William A. , Samuel Linsen T. , Sultan Assem A. , Acuña Alexander J. , Kamath Atul F.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Understanding trends in operative times has become increasingly important in light of total hip arthroplasty (THA) being added to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) 2019 Potentially Misvalued Codes List. The purpose of this review was to explore the mean THA operative times reported in the literature in order (1) to determine if they have increased, decreased, or remained the same for patients reported on between 2000 and 2019 and (2) to determine what factors might have contributed to the difference (or lack thereof) in THA operative time over a contemporary study period.

Methods:

The PubMed and EBSCOhost databases were queried to identify all articles, published between 2000 and 2019, that reported on THA operative times. The keywords used were “operative,” “time,” and “total hip arthroplasty.” An article was included if the full text was available, it was written in English, and it reported operative times of THAs. An article was excluded if it did not discuss operative time; it reported only comparative, rather than absolute, operative times; or the cohort consisted of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) and THAs, exclusively of revision THAs, or exclusively of robotic THAs. Data on manual or primary THAs were extracted from studies including robotic or revision THAs. Thirty-five articles reporting on 630,675 hips that underwent THA between 1996 and 2016 met our criteria.

Results:

The overall weighted average operative time was 93.20 minutes (range, 55.65 to 149.00 minutes). When the study cohorts were stratified according to average operative time, the highest number fell into the 90 to 99-minute range. Operative time was stable throughout the years reported. Factors that led to increased operative times included increased body mass index (BMI), less surgical experience, and the presence of a trainee.

Conclusions:

The average operative time across the included articles was approximately 95 minutes and has been relatively stable over the past 2 decades. On the basis of our findings, we cannot support CMS lowering the procedural valuation of THA given the stability of its operative times and the relationship between operative time and cost.
Effect of food deprivation on neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity and concurrent biochemical and gonadal responses in tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852)
Authors: - Vijayalaxmi , Shyamannavar Bhagyashree , Patil Supriya , Khaji N.P. , Ganesh C.B.
Published: December 2019

The effect of short- and long-term fasting on neuropeptide Y (NPY) secreting neurons in the brain and concurrent biochemical and gonadal responses were determined in the cichlid fish Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852). Exposure of fish to fasting for 6 or 12 days resulted in intensely stained NPY-immunoreactive neurons in the nucleus entopeduncularis and the nucleus preopticus regions of the brain in contrast to moderately stained neurons in control fishes, whereas food supplementation after 6 days starvation restored NPY-immunoreactive profile to the same state as in control groups in both male and female fish. The gonadosomatic index remained significantly lower in female fishes subjected to fasting alone as well as fasting followed by refeedings compared to controls. While the hepatosomatic index (HSI) also showed a significant decrease in fasting male and female fish compared to controls, it increased subsequently in fishes exposed to refeeding after starvation. In addition, a significant decrease in the serum levels of glucose and triglycerides as well as the hepatic tissue protein content in fasting fish compared to those of controls in both sexes suggested gluconeogenesis. Although the serum levels of glucose and triglycerides were reinstated in both males and female fishes subjected to starvation and refeeding, the hepatic tissue protein levels were not completely restored in females. Collectively, these results suggest that food-deprivation, either for short or long term duration, significantly increases the secretory activity of NPY neurons in the brain concomitant with a significant decrease in the serum levels of glucose and triglycerides, the hepatic tissue protein content and the GSI in both sexes. Although males recovered from the effects of starvation following refeeding, females appeared to be more vulnerable to the effects of fasting.
Effect of different carbon sources on growth, non-specific immunity and digestive enzyme activity of amur carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepede 1803) fingerlings in biofloc based rearing system using inland saline groundwater
Authors: Ezhilarasi V. , Verma A.K. , Babitha Rani A.M. , Harikrishna V. , Chandrakant M.H. , Ahmad Irshad , Nageswari P.
Published: December 2019

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different carbon sources in biofloc based system for rearing amur carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepede 1803) fingerlings in inland saline groundwater. The study was undertaken in a complete randomised design (CRD) where each treatment was performed in triplicate. The experimental unit consisted of four different carbon sources viz., T1 (tapioca flour), T2 (wheat flour), T3 (rice bran), T4 (jaggery) and control (C) with water exchange for a duration of 45 days. Each tank (500 l) was stocked with 30 fingerlings with an average body weight of 11.17±0.34 g. At the end of the rearing period, biofloc based treatments showed significantly better growth performance compared to control. Among the treatments, jaggery based biofloc system showed the highest biomass (629.4±1.58 g), specific growth rate, SGR (1.32±0.03 % day-1), protein efficiency ratio, PER (0.29±0.05), and lowest feed conversion ratio, FCR (0.56±0.03). Digestive enzymes of the biofloc reared fishes showed enhanced activity compared to control group. Jaggery based biofloc (T4) showed significantly higher non-specific immune response in terms of respiratory burst activity (1.14±0.01), superoxide dismutase (44.59±0.19 U mg protein-1) and catalase (1.59 ± 0.01 U mg protein-1) activity compared to other biofloc treatments and the control. The present study concluded that jaggery is best as compared to others carbon sources tested (tapioca flour, wheat flour and rice bran) for better growth, non-specific immunity and digestive enzyme activity of amur carp fingerlings in biofloc based rearing system using inland saline groundwater.
Effect of dietary carbohydrate levels on the growth of fingerlings of Carnatic carp Barbodes carnaticus (Jerdon 1849)
Authors: Gangadhar B. , Sridhar N. , Umalatha H. , Giri S.S.
Published: December 2019

Fingerlings of Barbodes carnaticus (average size: 9.25 ± 0.43 cm; 7.39 ± 1.18 g) were reared for 60 days in aerated plastic tubs (40 l) providing 5 iso-nitrogenous diets formulated to contain crude NFE (nitrogen free extract) levels ranging from 35 to 50% using pure ingredients. The fish were fed ad libitum and were allowed to feed for 6 h and thereafter the unconsumed feeds were siphoned out. The following day, faecal matter was collected, dried, pooled and stored for proximate analysis. Water from each tub was replaced (50%) with freshwater every day after faecal matter collection. Proximate composition of feed and faecal matter was analysed. Crude fiber was used as the reference marker for dry matter, protein and fat digestibility determination. The growth parameters increased (p<0.05) in B. carnaticus upto dietary NFE levels of 43.72%, beyond which a decrease was noticed. The food conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were the best with the diet containing 43.72% NFE. Proximate composition of fish carcass revealed the highest protein and fat contents in those fed the 43.72% NFE diet. Dry matter and NFE digestibility increased with increasing dietary NFE level upto 43.72%, whereas protein digestibility showed a decreasing trend. The study revealed a dietary NFE requirement of around 44% for the fingerlings of B. carnaticus.
TP53 and PTEN Mutations Were Shared in Concurrent Germ Cell Tumor and Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Akizuki Keiichi , Sekine Masaaki , Kogure Yasunori , Kameda Takuro , Shide Kotaro , Koya Junji , Kamiunten Ayako , Kubuki Yoko , Tahira Yuki , Hidara Tomonori , Kiwaki Takumi , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Sato Yuichiro , Kataoka Hiroaki , Kataoka Keisuke , Shimoda Kazuya
Published: December 2019

Background: The occurrence of a mediastinal germ cell tumor (GCT) and hematological malignancy in the same patient is very rare. Due to its rarity, there have been only two reports of the concurrent cases undergoing detailed genetic analysis with whole-exome sequencing (WES), and the possible clonal relationship between the both tumors remained not fully elucidated. Methods: We performed whole-exome sequencing analysis of mediastinal GCT and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples obtained from one young male adult patient with concurrent both tumors, and investigated the possible clonal relationship between them. Results: 16 somatic mutations were detected in the mediastinal GCT sample and 18 somatic mutations in the AML sample. Mutations in nine genes, including TP53 and PTEN both known as tumor suppressor genes, were shared in both tumors. Conclusions: All in our case and in the previous two cases with concurrent mediastinal GCT and AML undergoing with whole-exome sequencing analysis, TP53 and PTEN mutations were commonly shared in both tumors. These data not only suggest that these tumors share a common founding clone, but also indicate that associated mediastinal GCT and AML harboring TP53 and PTEN mutations represent a unique biological entity.
Cloning, characterization of TaGS3 gene and identification of allelic variation associated with kernel traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Yang Jian , Zhou Yanjie , Zhang Yu'e , Hu Weiguo , Wu Qiuhong , Chen Yongxing , Wang Xicheng , Guo Guanghao , Liu Zhiyong , Cao Tingjie , Zhao Hong
Published: December 2019

Background:
Grain weight is an important yield component. Selection of advanced lines with heavy grains show high grain sink potentials and strong sink activity, which is an increasingly important objective in wheat breeding programs. Rice OsGS3 has been identified as a major quantitative trait locus for both grain weight and grain size. However, allelic variation of GS3 has not been characterized previously in hexaploid wheat.
Results :
We cloned 2445, 2393, and 2409 bp sequences of the homologs TaGS3-4A , TaGS3-7A , and TaGS3-7D in wheat ‘Changzhi 6406’, a cultivar that shows high grain weight. The TaGS3 genes each contained five exons and four introns, and encoded a deduced protein of 170, 169, and 169 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of plant GS3 protein sequences revealed GS3 to be a monocotyledon-specific gene and the GS3 proteins were resolved into three classes. The length of the atypical Gγ domain and the cysteine-rich region was conserved within each class and not conserved between classes. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the fifth exon (at position 1907) of TaGS3-7A leads to an amino acid change (ALA/THR) and showed different frequencies in two pools of Chinese wheat accessions representing extremes in grain weight. Association analysis indicated that the TaGS3-7A-A allele was associated with higher grain weight in the natural population. The TaGS3-7A-A allele was favoured in global modern wheat cultivars but the allelic frequency varied among different wheat-production regions of China, which indicated that this allele is of potential utility to improve wheat grain weight in certain wheat-production areas of China.
Conclusions :
The novel molecular information on wheat GS3 homologs and the KASP functional marker designed in this study may be useful in marker-assisted breeding for genetic improvement of wheat.
Public Preferences regarding Data Linkage for Research: A Discrete Choice Experiment comparing Scotland and Sweden
Authors: Tully Mary P , Bernsten Cecilia , Aitken Mhairi , Vass Caroline Mary
Published: December 2019

Objective: There are increasing examples of linking data on healthcare resource use and patient outcomes from different sectors of health and social care systems. Linked data are generally anonymised, meaning in most jurisdictions there are no legal restrictions to their use in research conducted by public or private organisations. Secondary use of anonymised linked data is contentious in some jurisdictions but other jurisdictions are known for their use of linked data. The publics’ perceptions of the acceptability of using linked data is likely to depend on a number of factors. This study aimed to quantify the preferences of the public to understand the factors that affected views about types of linked data and its use in two jurisdictions.
Method: An online discrete choice experiment (DCE) previously conducted in Scotland was adapted and replicated in Sweden. The DCE was designed, comprising five attributes, to elicit the preferences from a representative sample of the public in both jurisdictions. The five attributes (number of levels) were: type of researcher using linked data (four); type of data being linked (four); purpose of the research (three); use of profit from using linked data (four); who oversees the research (four). Each DCE contained 6 choice-sets asking respondents to select their preferred option from two scenarios or state neither were acceptable. Background questions included socio-demographics. DCE data were analysed using conditional and heteroskedastic conditional logit models to create forecasts of acceptability.
Results: The study sample comprised members of the public living in Scotland (n=1,004) and Sweden (n=974). All five attributes were important in driving respondents’ choices. Swedish and Scottish preferences were mostly homogenous with the exception of ‘who oversees the research using linked data’, which had relatively less impact on the choices observed from Scotland. For a defined ‘typical’ linked data scenario, the probability (on average) of acceptance was 85.7% in Sweden and 82.4% in Scotland.
Conclusion: This study suggests that the public living in Scotland and Sweden are open to using anonymised linked data in certain scenarios for research purposes but some caution is advisable if the anonymised linked data joins health to non-health data.
The Roles of Lumbar load thresholds in lifetime cumulative lifting exposure to predict disk protrusion in Asian
Authors: Hung Isabella Yu-Ju , Shih Tiffany Ting-Fang , Chen Bang-Bin , Ho Ing-Kang , Liou Saou-Hsing , Guo Yue Leon
Published: December 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether if a specific threshold value exists in each lifting load, the accumulation above which best predicts lumbar disk protrusion, or on the other hand, all lifting load should be accumulated. Methods: This was a retrospective study. Subjects with various lifetime lifting exposures were recruited. Disk protrusion was determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Lifetime cumulative lifting load was the sum of time-weighed lumbar load for each job using a biomechanical software system. For accumulation above different thresholds, predictive capabilities for disk protrusion were compared using four statistical methods. Results: A total of 252 men and 301 women were included in the final analysis. For men, 3000 Newton for each lifting task was the optimal threshold value for predicting L4-S1 disk protrusion, whereas for women, 2800 Newton was optimal. Our findings suggested that when considering lifetime exposure, including all lifting loads without defining a minimal exposure limit might not be the optimal method for predicting disk protrusion. Conclusions: The NIOSH 3400 Newton recommended limits do not appear to be optimal threshold for preventing disk protrusion. Different lifting thresholds might be applied to men and women in the workplace for safety.
Burden of HPV Related Anogenital Diseases in Young Women in Germany – An Analysis of German Statutory Health Insurance Claims Data From 2012–2017
Authors: Reuschenbach Miriam , Mihm Sarah , Wölle Regine , Schneider Kim Maren , Jacob Christian , Braun Sebastian , Greiner Wolfgang , Hampl Monika
Published: December 2019

Background Most women and men are infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) at least once in their lifetime. Infections with low-risk types can cause genital warts, whereas high-risk types can cause malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to determine the burden of anogenital diseases potentially related to HPV in young women based on German statutory health insurance claims data.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective claims data analysis using the “Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin” (InGef) research database, containing claims data from approximately 4 million insured individuals. In the period from 2012-2017 all women born in1989-1992, who were continuously insured between the age of 23-25 years were identified. Using ICD-10-GM codes (verified diagnosis in the outpatient sector or primary or secondary diagnosis in the inpatient sector) the administrative prevalence (95% confidence interval) of genital warts (A63.0), anogenital diseases grade I (K62.8, N87.0, N89.0, N90.0), grade II (N87.1, N89.1, N90.1) and grade III (D01.3, D06.-, D06.0, D07.1, D07.2, N87.2, N89.2, N90.2) was calculated (women with diagnosis divided by all women).ResultsFrom 2012-2017, a total of 15,358 (birth cohort 1989), 16,027 (birth cohort 1990), 14,748 (birth cohort 1991) and 14,862 (birth cohort 1992) women at the age of 23-25 were identified. A decrease of the administrative prevalence was observed in genital warts (1.30% (1.12-1.49) birth cohort 1989 vs. 0.94% (0.79-1.10) birth cohort 1992) and anogenital diseases grade III (1.09% (0.93-1.26) birth cohort 1989 vs. 0.71% (0.58-0.86) birth cohort 1992). In anogenital diseases grade III, this trend was especially observed for severe cervical dysplasia (N87.2) (0.91% (0.76-1.07) birth cohort 1989 vs. 0.60% (0.48-0.74) birth cohort 1992). In contrast, anogenital diseases grade I (1.41% (1.23-1.61) birth cohort 1989 vs. 1.31% (1.14-1.51) birth cohort 1992) and grade II (0.61% (0.49-0.75) birth cohort 1989 vs. 0.52% (0.42-0.65) birth cohort 1992) remained stable. Conclusions A decrease of the burden of anogenital disease potentially related to HPV was observed in the younger birth cohorts. This was observed especially for genital warts and anogenital diseases grade III. Further research to investigate this trend for the upcoming years in light of varying HPV vaccination coverage for newer birth cohorts is necessary.
Xpert MTB/RIF assay for diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Seo Young Seok , Kang Ji-Man , Kim Dong Soo , Ahn Jong Gyun
Published: December 2019

Background: The Xpert® MTB/RIF assay (Xpert; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) is a cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification assay for rapidly diagnosing tuberculosis and assessing antibiotic sensitivity. Although previous evidence supports the use of Xpert for diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in adults, information regarding the accuracy of Xpert for EPTB only in children is lacking. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of Xpert for detecting EPTB in children. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register from January 1, 2010 to July 16, 2019 for studies of the diagnostic performance wherein Xpert was analyzed against cultures or composite reference standards for <18-year-old children with EPTB. Results: In only pediatric studies, 8 studies including 652 samples were selected. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of Xpert for all samples were 71% (95% CI 0.63–0.79) and 97% (95% CI 0.95–0.99), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve was 0.89. For lymph node tissues or aspirates, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of Xpert were 80% (95% CI 0.70–0.88) and 94% (95% CI 0.89–0.97), respectively; for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), these values were 42% (95% CI 0.22–0.63) and 99% (95% CI 0.95–1.00), respectively. Conclusion: Overall, Xpert displayed high specificity but modest sensitivity across various samples for diagnosing pediatric EPTB compared to the composite reference standard. Xpert sensitivity varied with the sampling site and was especially lower in CSF samples. Positive Xpert results may be considered to indicate a presumptive case of pediatric EPTB, whereas negative test results indicate that the possibility of pediatric EPTB should not be excluded.
Comparison of Fully-Covered vs Partially Covered Self-Expanding Metallic Stents for Palliative Treatment of Inoperable Esophageal Malignancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Chunmei , Wei Hua , Li Yuxia
Published: December 2019

Background: This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes following placement of fully covered self-expanding metallic stents (FCSEMS) vs partially covered self-expanding metallic stents (PCSEMS) for palliative treatment of inoperable esophageal cancer.
Methods: We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) databases from inception up to 10th July 2019. Studies comparing clinical outcomes with FCSEMS vs PCSEMS in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer requiring palliative treatment for dysphagia were included.
Results: Five studies were included in the review. 229 patients received FCSEMS while 313 patients received PCSEMS in the five studies. Improvement in dysphagia was reported with both FCSEMS and PCSEMS in the included studies. There was no difference in the rates of stent migration between FCSEMS and PCSEMS (Odds ratio [OR] 0.63, 95%CI 0.37-1.08, P= 0.09; I2=0%). Meta-analysis indicated no significant difference in technical success between the two groups (OR 1.32, 95%CI 0.30-5.03, P= 0.78; I2=12%). Similarly, there was no difference between the two stents for obstruction due to tissue growth (OR 0.81, 95%CI 0.47-1.39, P= 0.44; I2=2%) or by food (OR 0.41, 95%CI 0.10-1.62, P= 0.20; I2=29%). Incidence of bleeding (OR 0.57, 95%CI 0.21-1.58, P= 0.28; I2=0%) and chest pain (OR 1.06, 95%CI 0.44-2.57, P= 0.89; I2=0%) was similar in the two groups. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis of RCTs and non-RCTs produced similar results. The overall quality of studies was not high.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that there is no difference in stent migration, and stent obstruction, with FCSEMS or PCSEMS when used for palliative treatment of esophageal malignancy.