bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Definition of the Nature and Hapten Threshold of the β-Lactam Antigen Required for T Cell Activation In Vitro and in Patients
Authors: Meng Xiaoli , Al-Attar Zaid , Yaseen Fiazia S. , Jenkins Rosalind , Earnshaw Caroline , Whitaker Paul , Peckham Daniel , French Neil S. , Naisbitt Dean J. , Park B. Kevin
Published: April 2017

Covalent modification of protein by drugs may disrupt self-tolerance, leading to lymphocyte activation. Until now, determination of the threshold required for this process has not been possible. Therefore, we performed quantitative mass spectrometric analyses to define the epitopes formed in tolerant and hypersensitive patients taking the β-lactam antibiotic piperacillin and the threshold required for T cell activation. A hydrolyzed piperacillin hapten was detected on four lysine residues of human serum albumin (HSA) isolated from tolerant patients. The level of modified Lys541 ranged from 2.6 to 4.8%. Analysis of plasma from hypersensitive patients revealed the same pattern and levels of modification 1–10 d after the commencement of therapy. Piperacillin-responsive skin-homing CD4+ clones expressing an array of Vβ receptors were activated in a dose-, time-, and processing-dependent manner; analysis of incubation medium revealed that 2.6% of Lys541 in HSA was modified when T cells were activated. Piperacillin–HSA conjugates that had levels and epitopes identical to those detected in patients were shown to selectively stimulate additional CD4+ clones, which expressed a more restricted Vβ repertoire. To conclude, the levels of piperacillin–HSA modification that activated T cells are equivalent to the ones formed in hypersensitive and tolerant patients, which indicates that threshold levels of drug Ag are formed in all patients. Thus, the propensity to develop hypersensitivity is dependent on other factors, such as the presence of T cells within an individual’s repertoire that can be activated with the β-lactam hapten and/or an imbalance in immune regulation.
Global Phase Portraits for the Abel Quadratic Polynomial Differential Equations of the Second Kind With Z2-symmetries
Authors: Llibre Jaume , Valls Claudia
Published: April 2017

We provide normal forms and the global phase portraits on the Poincaré disk for all Abel quadratic polynomial diòerential equations of the second kind with -symmetries.
Case Report: A Symptomatic Case of Hymenolepis diminuta Infection in an Urban-Dwelling Adult in Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Arine Fadzlun , Ngui Romano , Ong Jaxinthe , Sarip Farikha , Ismail Wan Hafiz Wan , Omar Hasidah , Nor Zurainee Mohamed , Amir Amirah , Lim Yvonne A. L. , Mahmud Rohela
Published: April 2017

A case of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in a 43-year-old Malaysian male with persistent abdominal colicky pain is reported. Endoscopy revealed whitish worms in the lumen of the small intestine, which were identified as H. diminuta after microscopy. Patient was successfully treated with a single dose of praziquantel (25 mg/kg).
Analysis of Dengue Serotype 4 in Sri Lanka during the 2012–2013 Dengue Epidemic
Authors: Uehara Anna , Tissera Hasitha Aravinda , Bodinayake Champica K. , Amarasinghe Ananda , Nagahawatte Ajith , Tillekeratne L. Gayani , Cui Jie , Reller Megan E. , Palihawadana Paba , Gunasena Sunethra , Desilva Aruna Dharshan , Wilder-Smith Annelies , Gubler Duane J. , Woods Christopher W. , Sessions October M.
Published: April 2017

The four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV-1, -2, -3, and -4) have had a rapidly expanding geographic range and are now endemic in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries. Sri Lanka has experienced periodic dengue outbreaks since the 1960s, but since 1989 epidemics have become progressively larger and associated with more severe disease. The dominant virus in the 2012 epidemic was DENV-1, but DENV-4 infections were also commonly observed. DENV-4 transmission was first documented in Sri Lanka when it was isolated from a traveler in 1978, but has been comparatively uncommon since dengue surveillance began in the early 1980s. To better understand the molecular epidemiology of DENV-4 infections in Sri Lanka, we conducted whole-genome sequencing on dengue patient samples from two different geographic locations. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that all sequenced DENV-4 strains belong to genotype 1 and are most closely related to DENV-4 viruses previously found in Sri Lanka and those recently found to be circulating in India and Pakistan.
Experience with a Multinational, Secondary School Education Module with a Focus on Prevention of Virus Infections
Authors: Doornekamp Laura , Stegers-Jager Karen M. , Vlek Odette M. , Klop Tanja , Goeijenbier Marco , van Gorp Eric C. M.
Published: April 2017

Worldwide, virus infections are responsible for many diseases in terms of morbidity and mortality. Vaccinations and therapies are only available for relatively few virus infections and not always where they are needed. However, knowledge of transmission routes can prevent virus infection. In the context of this study, we measured the effects of a secondary school education module, named Viruskenner, on knowledge, attitude, and risk behavior as these relate to virus infections. A nonrandomized intervention study was conducted between April and August 2015 to assess the effect of this 2-month education module on knowledge, attitude, and behavior of 684 secondary school students in the Netherlands, Suriname, and Indonesia. For the Netherlands, a control group of a further 184 students was added. Factor analysis was performed on questions pertaining to attitude and behavior. Comparative analyses between pre- and posttest per country were done using multiple linear regression, independent sample T-tests, and one-way analysis of variance. These showed a significant increase in knowledge about virus infections and the prevention of infectious diseases among the Dutch and Surinamese groups, whereas a trend of increased knowledge was evident among the Indonesian participants. The Dutch control group showed an overall decrease in knowledge. Regression analyses showed that there was a significant interaction effect between participation and time on knowledge, attitude, and awareness and behavior and risk infection. Attitudes improved significantly in the intervention group. Pearson correlation coefficients between knowledge, attitude, and behavior were found to be positive.
Optimizing Household Chlorination Marketing Strategies: A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effect of Price and Promotion on Adoption in Haiti
Authors: Ritter Michael , Camille Eveline , Velcine Christophe , Guillaume Rose-Kerline , Lantagne Daniele
Published: April 2017

Household water treatment can reduce diarrheal morbidity and mortality in developing countries, but adoption remains low and supply is often unreliable. To test effects of marketing strategies on consumers and suppliers, we randomized 1,798 households in rural Haiti and collected data on purchases of a household chlorination product for 4 months. Households received randomly selected prices ($0.11–$0.56 per chlorine bottle), and half received monthly visits from sales agents. Each $0.22 drop in price increased purchases by 0.10 bottles per household per month (P < 0.001). At the mean price, each 1% drop in price increased purchases by 0.45% (elasticity = 0.45). There is suggestive evidence that household visits by some sales agents increased purchases at mid-range prices; however, the additional revenue did not offset visit cost. Choosing the lowest price and conducting visits maximizes chlorine purchase, whereas slightly raising the retail price and not conducting visits maximizes cost recovery. For the equivalent cost, price discounts increase purchases 4.2 times as much as adding visits at the current retail price. In this context, price subsidies may be a more cost-effective use of resources than household visits, though all marketing strategies tested offer cost-effective ways to achieve incremental health impact. Decisions about pricing and promotion for health products in developing countries affect health impact, cost recovery, and cost-effectiveness, and tradeoffs between these goals should be made explicit in program design.
Bidirectional Exchange in Global Health: Moving Toward True Global Health Partnership
Authors: Arora Gitanjli , Russ Christiana , Batra Maneesh , Butteris Sabrina M. , Watts Jennifer , Pitt Michael B.
Published: April 2017

Although there has been rapid growth in global health educational experiences over the last two decades, the flow of learners remains overwhelmingly one directional; providers from high-resourced settings travel to limited-resourced environments to participate in clinical care, education, and/or research. Increasingly, there has been a call to promote parity in partnerships, including the development of bidirectional exchanges, where trainees from each institution travel to the partner’s setting to learn from and teach each other. As global health educators and steering committee members of the Association of Pediatric Program Directors Global Health Pediatric Education Group, we endorse the belief that we must move away from merely sending learners to international partner sites and instead become true global health partners offering equitable educational experiences. In this article, we summarize the benefits, review common challenges, and highlight solutions to hosting and providing meaningful global health experiences for learners from limited-resourced partner institutions to academic health centers in the United States.
Development of a Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for O’nyong-nyong Virus and Evaluation with Clinical and Mosquito Specimens from Kenya
Authors: Waggoner Jesse , Heath Claire Jane , Ndenga Bryson , Mutuku Francis , Sahoo Malaya K. , Mohamed-Hadley Alisha , Vulule John , Mukoko Dunstan , Desiree LaBeaud A. , Pinsky Benjamin A.
Published: April 2017

O’nyong-nyong virus (ONNV), an alphavirus closely related to chikungunya virus (CHIKV), has been the documented cause of two large outbreaks in east Africa; however, little is known about the contribution of ONNV to cases of acute febrile illness during interepidemic periods. An ONNV real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) was developed and evaluated using clinical and mosquito pool samples. The ONNV rRT-PCR linear range extended from 8.0 to 2.0 log10 copies/μL, and the lower limit of 95% detection was 22.4 copies/μL. No cases of ONNV infection were identified in serum from 385 Kenyan children who presented with an acute febrile illness. Additionally, ONNV was not detected in 120 mosquito pools collected in coastal and western Kenya. The ONNV rRT-PCR demonstrated good analytical sensitivity when performed in monoplex or as a component of an ONNV–CHIKV duplex assay. This assay should provide a useful diagnostic for the detection of ONNV in surveillance studies.
First results of the Piton de la Fournaise STRAP 2015 experiment: multidisciplinary tracking of a volcanic gas and aerosol plume
Authors: Tulet Pierre , Di Muro Andréa , Colomb Aurélie , Denjean Cyrielle , Duflot Valentin , Arellano Santiago , Foucart Brice , Brioude Jérome , Sellegri Karine , Peltier Aline , Aiuppa Alessandro , Barthe Christelle , Bhugwant Chatrapatty , Bielli Soline , Boissier Patrice , Boudoire Guillaume , Bourrianne Thierry , Brunet Christophe , Burnet Fréderic , Cammas Jean-Pierre , Gabarrot Franck , Galle Bo , Giudice Gaetano , Guadagno Christian , Jeamblu Fréderic , Kowalski Philippe , Leclair de Bellevue Jimmy , Marquestaut Nicolas , Mékies Dominique , Metzger Jean-Marc , Pianezze Joris , Portafaix Thierry , Sciare Jean , Tournigand Arnaud , Villeneuve Nicolas
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The STRAP (Synergie Transdisciplinaire pour Répondre aux Aléas liés aux Panaches volcaniques) campaign was conducted over the entire year of 2015 to investigate the volcanic plumes of Piton de La Fournaise (La Réunion, France). For the first time, measurements at the local (near the vent) and at the regional scales were conducted around the island. The STRAP 2015 campaign has become possible thanks to strong cross-disciplinary collaboration between volcanologists and meteorologists. The main observations during four eruptive periods (85 days) are summarised. They include the estimates of SO2, CO2 and H2O emissions, the altitude of the plume at the vent and over different areas of La Réunion Island, the evolution of the SO2 concentration, the aerosol size distribution and the aerosol extinction profile. A climatology of the volcanic plume dispersion is also reported. Simulations and measurements show that the plumes formed by weak eruptions have a stronger interaction with the surface of the island. Strong SO2 mixing ratio and particle concentrations above 1000 ppb and 50 000 cm−3 respectively are frequently measured over a distance of 20 km from Piton de la Fournaise. The measured aerosol size distribution shows the predominance of small particles in the volcanic plume. Several cases of strong nucleation of sulfuric acid have been observed within the plume and at the distal site of the Maïdo observatory. The STRAP 2015 campaign provides a unique set of multi-disciplinary data that can now be used by modellers to improve the numerical parameterisations of the physical and chemical evolution of the volcanic plumes.
Nutrient transports in the Baltic Sea – results from a 30-year physical–biogeochemical reanalysis
Authors: Liu Ye , Meier H. E. Markus , Eilola Kari
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Long-term oxygen and nutrient transports in the Baltic Sea are reconstructed using the Swedish Coastal and Ocean Biogeochemical model (SCOBI) coupled to the Rossby Centre Ocean model (RCO). Two simulations with and without data assimilation covering the period 1970–1999 are carried out. Here, the weakly coupled scheme with the Ensemble Optimal Interpolation (EnOI) method is adopted to assimilate observed profiles in the reanalysis system. The reanalysis shows considerable improvement in the simulation of both oxygen and nutrient concentrations relative to the free run. Further, the results suggest that the assimilation of biogeochemical observations has a significant effect on the simulation of the oxygen-dependent dynamics of biogeochemical cycles. From the reanalysis, nutrient transports between sub-basins, between the coastal zone and the open sea, and across latitudinal and longitudinal cross sections are calculated. Further, the spatial distributions of regions with nutrient import or export are examined. Our results emphasize the important role of the Baltic proper for the entire Baltic Sea, with large net transport (export minus import) of nutrients from the Baltic proper into the surrounding sub-basins (except the net phosphorus import from the Gulf of Riga and the net nitrogen import from the Gulf of Riga and Danish Straits). In agreement with previous studies, we found that the Bothnian Sea imports large amounts of phosphorus from the Baltic proper that are retained in this sub-basin. For the calculation of sub-basin budgets, the location of the lateral borders of the sub-basins is crucial, because net transports may change sign with the location of the border. Although the overall transport patterns resemble the results of previous studies, our calculated estimates differ in detail considerably.
Inter-annual variability of mean sea level and its sensitivity to wind climate in an inter-tidal basin
Authors: Gerkema Theo , Duran-Matute Matias
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The relation between the annual wind records from a weather station and annual mean sea level in an inter-tidal basin, the Dutch Wadden Sea, is examined. Only more recent, homogeneous wind records are used, covering the past two decades. It is demonstrated that even such a relatively short record is sufficient to find a convincing relation. The inter-annual variability of mean sea level can already be largely explained by the west–east component of the net wind energy vector, with some further improvement if one also includes the south–north component and theannual mean atmospheric pressure. For different tide-gauge stations in the Dutch Wadden Sea and along the coast, we find the same qualitative characteristics, although the precise values of the correlations vary. Correcting observed values of annual mean level for meteorological factors reduces the margin of error (expressed as 95 %-confidence interval) by about a factor of three in the trends of the 20-year sea level record. Model results illustrate the regional variability in annual mean sea level and its inter-annual variability. The sensitivity on wind direction varies spatially even on a small scale like the Dutch Wadden Sea. This study also implies that climatic changes in the strength of winds from a specific direction may affect local annual mean sea level quite significantly.
Assessing storm surge hazard and impact of sea level rise in Lesser Antilles-Case study of Martinique
Authors: Krien Yann , Dudon Bernard , Roger Jean , Arnaud Gaël , Zahibo Narcisse
Published: April 2017

Abstract. In the Lesser Antilles, coastal inundations from hurricane-induced storm surges cause great threats to lives, properties, and ecosystems. Assessing current and future storm surge hazard with sufficient spatial resolution is of primary interest to help coastal planners and decision makers develop mitigation and adaptation measures. Here, we use wave-current numerical models and statistical methods to investigate worst case scenarios and 100-year surge levels for the case study of Martinique, under present climate or considering a potential sea-level rise. Results confirm that the wave setup plays a major role in Lesser Antilles, where the narrow island shelf impedes the piling-up of large amounts of wind-driven water on the shoreline during extreme events. The radiation stress gradients thus contribute significantly to the total surge, up to 100 % in some cases. The non-linear interactions of sea level rise with bathymetry and topography are generally found to be relatively small in Martinique, but can reach several tens of centimeters in low-lying areas where the inundation extent is strongly enhanced compared to present conditions. These findings further emphasize the importance of waves for developing operational storm surge warning systems in the Lesser Antilles, and encourage caution when using static methods to assess the impact of sea level rise on storm surge hazard.
Research on Traffic Flow Statistics Algorithm Based on Inter - Frame Similarity
Authors: He Zhuhui , Kong Rui , Zhang Bing , Xiao Cong , Gong Zhanhong , Liu Yijian
Published: April 2017

Considering some existing shortcomings in traffic flow statistics algorithm based on background subtraction and virtual loop, according to the change discipline of inter-frame similarity while vehicles passing in and out the virtual loop, we come up with a traffic flow statistics algorithm based on inter - frame similarity, which is able to overcome two problems: one is missed inspection since some detection targets are close to background color; the other one is repeated detection resulting from over-low speed, then we carry out the experimental results by using the algorithm.
A New Model for Rating Users’ Profiles in Online Social Networks
Authors: Malli Mohammad , Said Nadine , Fadlallah Ahmad
Published: April 2017

Profiling users in Online Social Networks (OSNs) is of great benefit in multiple domains (e.g., marketing, sociology, and forensics). In this paper, we propose a new model for rating user’s profile (i.e., low, medium, high, and advanced) in an OSN community by embedding it into clusters located at predefined range of radius in a low-dimensional Cartesian space. The orthogonal coordinates of the profile are estimated using Principle Component Analysis (PCA) applied on a vector of metrics formulated as a set of attributes of interest (i.e., qualitative and quantitative) mined from the user’s profile to characterize his/her level of participation and behavior in the community. The experimentations are conducted on 3000 simulated profiles of three OSNs (Facebook, Twitter and Instagram) by embedding them in three cartesian spaces of three corresponding communities (Religion, Political and Lifestyle).  The results show that we are able to estimate accurately the profile rates by reducing the vector of metrics to a low-dimensional space whittle down to 3-D space.
2017/4 Obesity may constitute a disability even if it is falsely presumed (BE)
Authors: Busschaert Gautier
Published: April 2017

2017/4 Obesity may constitute a disability even if it is falsely presumed (BE)

For the first time, a Belgian court has relied on the Kaltoft case, which holds that obesity may constitute a disability. That case gives rise to protection against discrimination, according to the Labour Tribunal of Liège, even if it is falsely presumed. This is the case where an employer sends an email to an applicant stating that the applicant cannot be hired because his or her obesity is a disability in relation to the job.
2017/5 Unlawful dismissal of pregnant employee upon business takeover (CY)
Authors: Michael Christiana
Published: April 2017

2017/5 Unlawful dismissal of pregnant employee upon business takeover (CY)

The dismissal of a pregnant employee upon her employer’s business takeover was deemed to be unlawful discrimination.
2017/7 Redundancy declared void based on directive’s horizontal effect as regards collective redundancy thresholds (SP)
Authors: Cortés Sonia
Published: April 2017

2017/7 Redundancy declared void based on directive’s horizontal effect as regards collective redundancy thresholds (SP)

A Spanish Supreme Court decision issued on 17 October 2016 (no. 848/2016) declares employee terminations void because the employer failed to respect the proper collective redundancy procedures based on the thresholds provided by EU Directive 98/59. The thresholds in the Directive refer to the number of employees at the establishment, whereas thresholds under Spanish law refer to the whole company. In implementing the Directive, Spanish law had aimed at being more favourable to employees, but this did not happen on the facts of this case.
2017/9 The influence of the threat of terrorism on the right to strike (NL)
Authors: Houweling Ruben , Zwanenburg Amber
Published: April 2017

2017/9 The influence of the threat of terrorism on the right to strike (NL)

The Dutch Cantonal judge prohibited a strike because the safety of passengers could not be guaranteed. At the hearing, which took place a few days after the Berlin Christmas market attacks, weight was given to the threat of terrorism. Nor is this the first time the threat of terrorism has been explicitly referred to by a Dutch court in a case concerning the right to strike.
2017/10 Uber drivers found to be workers (UK)
Authors: Carney Bethan
Published: April 2017

2017/10 Uber drivers found to be workers (UK)

In a much publicised case, Uber drivers have won a first instance employment tribunal finding that they are ‘workers’ and not self-employed contractors. This decision means that they are entitled to basic protections, such as the national minimum wage, paid holiday (under the Working Time Directive) and protection against detriment for ‘blowing the whistle’ on wrong doing. The decision could have substantial financial consequences for Uber, which has around 40,000 drivers in the UK but Uber has already confirmed that it will appeal the decision, so we are unlikely to have a final determination on this question for some time.
Bankentoezicht en het Verdrag van Maastricht: het Nederlandse debat in perspectief
Authors: van Riel Bart , Bos Marko
Published: April 2017

Bankentoezicht en het Verdrag van Maastricht: het Nederlandse debat in perspectief

Sinds november 2014 is de Europese Centrale Bank de belangrijkste toezichthouder voor de banken in de eurozone. De overdracht van toezichtstaken aan de ECB is opmerkelijk omdat het Verdrag van Maastricht hiervoor – vooral onder Duitse druk – hoge drempels opwierp. Destijds werd overdracht van toezichtstaken ook niet nodig geacht vanwege de harmonisatie van de regulering van banken. De crisis in de eurozone heeft laten zien dat dit echter geen substituut vormde voor centralisatie van het bankentoezicht. Bovendien vertoonde deze regulering ernstige tekortkomingen. Een derde les uit de crisis is dat toezicht op afzonderlijke instellingen onvoldoende is voor het waarborgen van financiële stabiliteit: het geheel is meer dan de som der delen.
Samenwerking Rijk-gemeente bij het toezicht op de Leerplichtwet
Authors: Verkroost Jos , Zeeman Annemiek
Published: April 2017

Samenwerking Rijk-gemeente bij het toezicht op de Leerplichtwet

Sinds 2012 werkt de onderwijsinspectie samen met leerplichtambtenaren bij toezicht op en handhaving van de leerplichtwet. Een recente uitspraak van de Rechtbank Rotterdam heeft een streep door deze samenwerking gezet. In dit artikel beschrijven de auteurs allereerst de voorgeschiedenis en de context. Vervolgens gaan zij in op de overwegingen die de rechtbank heeft gehad bij het vonnis. Ten slotte bekijken zij wat de mogelijke gevolgen zijn voor samenwerking tussen toezichthouders, ook buiten het onderwijstoezicht.
La historia militar en el contexto de las nuevas corrientes historiográficas. Una aproximación
Authors: Borreguero Beltrán Cristina
Published: April 2017

Este artículo pretende explorar los avances e innovaciones de la historia de la guerra y, por extensión, de la historia militar, logrados durante el último medio siglo en España. El estudio analiza algunas de sus características más definitorias, en consonancia con el proceso de la historia general, como la extraordinaria multiplicación de los protagonistas, la ampliación del universo temático, el acceso multifactorial en el análisis de las diferentes cuestiones, las nuevas líneas de investigación y los cambios metodológicos generados en diálogo con otras disciplinas — la antropología, la lingüística, la literatura, la psicohistoria, etc.—, para terminar con la necesidad de una intensa y permanente relación de la historia militar con el lenguaje. El trabajo se apoya en fuentes bibliográficas que han marcado un hito, y argumenta y concluye exponiendo por qué la historia militar sigue siendo una disciplina floreciente, con un dinamismo propio y un desarrollo imparable.
Decisão de Compras Pela Internet: Uma Análise a Partir do Tempo de Utilização de Mídias Sociais e da Interatividade com a Marca
Authors: Menegatti Maicon Souza , Ribeiro Ivano , Meneghatti Marcelo Roger , Serra Fernando Antonio Ribeiro
Published: April 2017

Diversas variveis que podem motivar ou inibir a realizao de uma compra no comrcio eletrnico ainda merecem investigaes. Neste artigo analisamos especificamente a influncia da percepo de tempo de utilizao de mdias sociais e o grau de interatividade com a marca sobre as compras declaradas pela internet. A investigao foi realizada a partir de 99 questionrios aplicados a usurios de mdias sociais por meio do mtodo bola de neve. A partir de modelos de regresso linear mltipla foram testadas duas hipteses de pesquisa. Os resultados fornecem fortes indcios de que o grau de interatividade com a marca influencia de forma positiva e significante a compra declarada pela internet, verificamos tambm que a percepo do tempo de utilizao das mdias sociais no interfere na compra. Estes resultados ampliam a compreenso sobre os potenciais fatores que explicam o comportamento de compras online, sendo esta a principal contribuio deste artigo.
A Relação entre a Orientação da Compra e o Tipo de Desconto e seus Efeitos na Probabilidade de Compra dos Consumidores
Authors: Araujo Clecio Falcão , Cellegaro Ana Rita Catelan , Brei Vinicius Andrade
Published: April 2017

Investigaes anteriores tm demonstrado o uso eficaz das promoes de vendas como uma ferramenta de marketing. Para tanto, comerciantes e varejistas precisam estar atentos ao tipo de promoo mais adequado e forma mais eficaz de utiliz-lo, considerando o atual mercado competitivo. Com base nesse pressuposto, surge o conceito de orientao de compra que relaciona o tipo de desconto oferecido a uma meta de compra do consumidor. Neste estudo busca-se contribuir para elucidar esse gap, pois pouco se tem estudado sobre o modo com que as promoes de venda interagem com a orientao de compra aos consumidores. Para tanto, foram realizados trs estudos, os resultados indicam que os consumidores, na condio de orientao de compra experiencial (vs. focado na tarefa), possuem maior probabilidade de compra quando so expostos incerteza (vs. certeza) do desconto. Este estudo contribui para as temticas relacionadas promoo de vendas monetria, incerteza do desconto e orientao de compra.
PROCESSES OF CONCENTRATION BUSINESS ENTITIES IN PROCESSING
OF PLANT-BASED PRODUCTS IN POLAND
Authors: Chechelski Piotr
Published: April 2017

The paper presents the directions of change of subjective structures in polish food industry and in processing of
plant products in Poland after accession to the EU. There were presented changes the changes in the share of individual
groups of companies both in the total number of entities, average employment and the value of sold production and the
impact these changes have on productivity in the analyzed groups of companies. The analysis can be concluded that
the transnational corporations had huge impact on the concentration processes and the productivity growth of business
entities in the plant-based products processing industry in Poland in the years 2004-2014.
ASSESSMENT OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN SYSTEMS USED
IN CROPING MAIZE FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION
Authors: Jarosz Zuzanna , Księżak Jerzy , Faber Antoni
Published: April 2017

The aim of the study was to assess the greenhouse gases emissions in different maize cultivation systems
in monoculture compared to its cultivation in crop rotation systems. To assess the GHG emissions the
Biograce 4 public calculator was used. Assessments were conducted for various maize cultivation systems
in the years 2013-2014 in the two IUNG experimental stations: RZD Grabów and SD Baborówko. The
results showed that the values of GHG emissions in maize – taking into account allocation of emissions
to by-products – were determined mainly by the yield. In SD Baborówko the emission values ranged from
14.2 to 19.5 g CO2 eq/kg/MJ of bioethanol, irrespectively of the cultivation system, and were lower than
the standard value. In RZD Grabów only maize cultivated in monoculture in reduced tillage and maize
cultivated in 2014 in ploughing system and crop rotation may be used for bioethanol production.
INFLOWS AND DYNAMICS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS
IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN POLAND IN THE YEARS 2005-2014
Authors: Kłusek Kamil , Wojtaszek Michał
Published: April 2017

The aim of the study was to show the level dynamics and structure of foreign direct investments and their impact on the development of the agricultural sector in Poland. The study covers the period 2005- 2014. The results show the positive impact of direct investment on the increase in the number of entities, and labor productivity in the agricultural sector. Also show a negative impact on overall employment in the agricultural sector. Share capital in 2014 was more than twice higher than at the beginning of the period.
Description of 11 new Astiella (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae) species endemic to Madagascar
Authors: Groeninckx Inge , Janssens Steven , Smets Erik , Verstraete Brecht
Published: April 2017

Astiella is an herbaceous genus endemic to Madagascar, originally described with a single species A. delicatula Jovet. Molecular and morphological evidence place it in the tribe Spermacoceae s. lat. of Rubiaceae. During herbarium studies and fieldwork in Madagascar, 11 new Astiella species were identified and these are described here: A. antongilensis Groeninckx sp. nov., A. antsalovansis Groeninckx sp. nov., A. confusa Groeninckx sp. nov., A. deblockiae Groeninckx sp. nov., A. desseinii Groeninckx sp. nov., A. homolleae Groeninckx sp. nov., A. latifolia Groeninckx sp. nov., A. longifimbria Groeninckx sp. nov., A. perrieri Groeninckx sp. nov., A. pulla Groeninckx sp. nov., and A. tsaratanensis Groeninckx sp. nov. The genus Astiella now holds 12 species in total that are all endemic to Madagascar.
The most common technologies and tools for functional genome analysis
Authors: Gasperskaja Evelina , Kučinskas Vaidutis
Published: April 2017

Since the  sequence of the  human genome is complete, the  main issue is how to understand the information written in the DNA sequence. Despite numerous genome-wide studies that have already been performed, the challenge to determine the function of genes, gene products, and also their interaction is still open. As changes in the human genome are highly likely to cause pathological conditions, functional analysis is vitally important for human health.
For many years there have been a  variety of technologies and tools used in functional genome analysis. However, only in the  past decade there has been rapid revolutionizing progress and improvement in high-throughput methods, which are ranging from traditional real-time polymerase chain reaction to more complex systems, such as next-generation sequencing or mass spectrometry. Furthermore, not only laboratory investigation, but also accurate bioinformatic analysis is required for reliable scientific results. These methods give an opportunity for accurate and comprehensive functional analysis that involves various fields of studies: genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and interactomics. This is essential for filling the  gaps in the  knowledge about dynamic biological processes at both cellular and organismal level. However, each method has both advantages and limitations that should be taken into account before choosing the right method for particular research in order to ensure successful study. For this reason, the present review paper aims to describe the most frequent and widely-used methods for the comprehensive functional analysis.
La edición de revistas científicas en España: una aproximación descriptiva
Authors: Claudio-González Melba G. , Martín-Baranera Montserrat , Villarroya Anna
Published: April 2017

El objetivo principal de este artículo es describir el perfil de las revistas científicas españolas. Los resultados que se presentan proceden de una encuesta a 1.280 revistas científicas españolas incluidas en la base de datos Dulcinea (edición 2012), obteniendo una tasa de respuesta del 43,8% (n=561). Como objetivos específicos, el estudio se planteó caracterizar las revistas científicas y analizar las peculiaridades de las mismas en torno a una serie de parámetros que conforman las dimensiones económico-financiera, estratégica y operativa de las revistas en el periodo observado. El análisis ha permitido observar cómo el modelo de financiación de las revistas científicas españolas se sostiene principalmente de las ayudas institucionales, cómo la mayoría de las revistas carece de una estructura organizativa estable y depende, en gran medida, del trabajo voluntario y cómo el debate sobre las limitaciones y dificultades que afectan al desarrollo del acceso abierto sigue vigente.
Transitions de culture évaluative chez des futurs enseignants de l’enseignement secondaire
Authors: Nizet Isabelle
Published: April 2017

En matière d’évaluation, les apprentissages professionnels des futurs enseignants supposent une double transition culturelle qui se caractérise par le passage d’une culture première en évaluation (d’ancien élève ou d’étudiant) à une culture seconde (professionnelle) (Nizet, 2013, 2015). Ces apprentissages impliquent la construction de concepts et de techniques propres au domaine de l’évaluation et agissent comme des appuis pour référencer les pratiques évaluatives (Vial, 2009), leur statut épistémologique évoluant au contact de l’activité professionnelle. Dans le cadre d’une recherche portant sur le processus d’« assessment literacy » de futur enseignants (Mertler, 2004, 2009; Willis, Addie & Klenowski, 2013) nous souhaitons comprendre comment évolue la reconfiguration de ces savoirs de formation dans le cadre d’échanges ayant eu lieu entre le stagiaire et son enseignant associé. Nous présentons le résultat d’une analyse d’échanges relatés par des futurs enseignants du secondaire portant sur des problèmes liés à l’évaluation des élèves durant leur stage. L’analyse met en lumière une évolution des valeurs attribuées aux savoirs de formation selon des critères de crédibilité, d’intelligibilité et de légitimité.
Interagir pour apprendre en gestion de classe au secondaire : analyse du discours des futurs enseignants dans un espace collaboratif
Authors: Boutin Pier-Ann , Hamel Christine , Gouin Josée-Anne
Published: April 2017

Afin de soutenir le développement professionnel des futurs enseignants au secondaire lors de leur formation initiale universitaire, et ce, en lien avec le concept de praticien réflexif dans une approche par compétence, un design pédagogique novateur fut mis en place dans un cours dédié à la gestion de classe. En effet, ce design, inspiré des principes de la communauté d’apprentissage (Brown, 1994), a amené les étudiants-stagiaires à développer un discours collectif sur leur pratique professionnelle à travers les enjeux propre à la gestion de classe au secondaire et à leurs préoccupations lors d’un stage de cinq semaines. Nous faisons la prémisse que la participation à l’élaboration d’un discours collectif sur les pratiques professionnelles permet aux étudiants de, non seulement, réfléchir sur leur pratique, mais de faire des apprentissages professionnels durables. Ainsi, notre étude s’attarde à l’engagement des étudiants dans l’élaboration du discours collectif et aux actions leur permettant de faire avancer celui-ci.
Premio Kant 2da. convocatoria
Authors: Leyva Gustavo
Published: April 2017

Convocatoria a autores
Arqueología filosófica y hermenéutica. Apuntes sobre la interpretación de la historia de la filosofía en Kant
Authors: García Gómez del Valle José M.
Published: April 2017

Este escrito quiere presentar una aproximación a una posible "hermenéutica de la historia de la filosofía" en Kant, para ello contextualiza la recepción del pensamiento kantiano en la hermenéutica filosófica del siglo XX y expone un conjunto de pautas kantianas para la interpretación del pasado filosófico.
Laura Anna Macor: Die Bestimmung des Menschen (1748-1800): Eine Begriffsgeschichte. Forschungen und Materialien zur deutschen Aufklärung. Abteilung II: Monographien. - FMDA II,25, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt, Frommann-Holzboog, 432 pp., ISBN: 978-3-7728-2615-
Authors: Schwab Daniel
Published: April 2017

Reseña de Laura Anna Macor: Die Bestimmung des Menschen (1748-1800): Eine Begriffsgeschichte. Forschungen und Materialien zur deutschen Aufklärung. Abteilung II: Monographien. - FMDA II,25, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt, Frommann-Holzboog, 432 pp., ISBN: 978-3-7728-2615-3
Faviola Rivera Castro: Virtud, Felicidad y Religión en la Filosofía Moral de Kant, México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas-UNAM, 2014, 328 pp., ISBN: 978-607-02-4788-0
Authors: Leyva Gustavo
Published: April 2017

Reseña de Faviola Rivera Castro: Virtud, Felicidad y Religión en la Filosofía Moral de Kant, México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas-UNAM, 2014, 328 pp., ISBN: 978-607-02-4788-0
Vicente de Haro Romo: Duty, Virtue and Practical Reason in Kant’s Metaphysics of Morals, Hildesheim/Zürich/New York, Georg Olms Verlag, 2015, pp. 342, ISBN: 978-3-487-15348-3
Authors: Charpenel Eduardo E.
Published: April 2017

Reseña de Vicente de Haro Romo: Duty, Virtue and Practical Reason in Kant’s Metaphysics of Morals, Hildesheim/Zürich/New York, Georg Olms Verlag, 2015, pp. 342, ISBN: 978-3-487-15348-3
Real-time Alarm Monitoring System for Detecting Driver Fatigue in Wireless Areas
Authors: Fu Rongrong , Wang Shutao , Wang Shiwei
Published: April 2017

The purpose of this paper was to develop a real-time alarm monitoring system that can detect the fatigue driving state through wireless communication. The drivers’ electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were recorded from occipital electrodes. Seven EEG rhythms with different frequency bands as gamma, hbeta, beta, sigma, alpha, theta and delta waves were extracted. They were simultaneously assessed using relative operating characteristic (ROC) curves and grey relational analysis to select one as the fatigue feature. The research results showed that the performance of theta wave was the best one. Therefore, theta wave was used as fatigue feature in the following alarm device. The real-time alarm monitoring system based on the result has been developed, once the threshold was settled by using the data of the first ten minutes driving period. The developed system can detect driver fatigue and give alarm to indicate the onset of fatigue automatically.
Investigating Car Users’ Driving Behaviour through Speed Analysis
Authors: Eboli Laura , Guido Giuseppe , Mazzulla Gabriella , Pungillo Giuseppe , Pungillo Riccardo
Published: April 2017

Speed has been identified for a long time as a key risk factor in road traffic: inappropriate speeds contribute to a relevant part of traffic accidents. Many literature studies have focused on the relationship between speed and accident risk. Starting from this consideration this paper investigates traffic accident risk by analysing the travelling speeds recorded by real tests on the road. A survey was conducted to collect experimental speed values in a real context. A specific road segment, belonging to an Italian rural two-lane road, was repeatedly run by 27 drivers in order to collect the instantaneous speed values for each trajectory. Smartphone-equipped vehicles were used to record continuous speed data. The recorded data were used to calculate: the average speed, 50th and 85th percentile speed for each geometric element of the analysed road segment. The main result of the research is the classification of car users’ driving behaviour based on the speed values. By using the above mentioned ranges of speed, the classification provides three types of driving behaviour: safe, unsafe, and safe but potentially dangerous. It was found that only four drivers feature “safe” behaviour, driving in a safe manner on most of the road elements. However, the major part of drivers, even if they feature safe behaviour, could be dangerous for other drivers because they drive at very low speeds.
Identifying faulty brain circuits
Authors: Hanson Jesse E
Published: April 2017

A protein called NPTX2 may be a useful marker of neural circuit defects in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
A simple and efficient method to enhance audiovisual binding tendencies
Authors: Odegaard Brian , Wozny David R. , Shams Ladan
Published: April 2017

Individuals vary in their tendency to bind signals from multiple senses. For the same set of sights and sounds, one individual may frequently integrate multisensory signals and experience a unified percept, whereas another individual may rarely bind them and often experience two distinct sensations. Thus, while this binding/integration tendency is specific to each individual, it is not clear how plastic this tendency is in adulthood, and how sensory experiences may cause it to change. Here, we conducted an exploratory investigation which provides evidence that (1) the brain’s tendency to bind in spatial perception is plastic, (2) that it can change following brief exposure to simple audiovisual stimuli, and (3) that exposure to temporally synchronous, spatially discrepant stimuli provides the most effective method to modify it. These results can inform current theories about how the brain updates its internal model of the surrounding sensory world, as well as future investigations seeking to increase integration tendencies.
Reproducible and reusable research: are journal data sharing policies meeting the mark?
Authors: Vasilevsky Nicole A. , Minnier Jessica , Haendel Melissa A. , Champieux Robin E.
Published: April 2017

Background

There is wide agreement in the biomedical research community that research data sharing is a primary ingredient for ensuring that science is more transparent and reproducible. Publishers could play an important role in facilitating and enforcing data sharing; however, many journals have not yet implemented data sharing policies and the requirements vary widely across journals. This study set out to analyze the pervasiveness and quality of data sharing policies in the biomedical literature.

Methods

The online author’s instructions and editorial policies for 318 biomedical journals were manually reviewed to analyze the journal’s data sharing requirements and characteristics. The data sharing policies were ranked using a rubric to determine if data sharing was required, recommended, required only for omics data, or not addressed at all. The data sharing method and licensing recommendations were examined, as well any mention of reproducibility or similar concepts. The data was analyzed for patterns relating to publishing volume, Journal Impact Factor, and the publishing model (open access or subscription) of each journal.

Results

A total of 11.9% of journals analyzed explicitly stated that data sharing was required as a condition of publication. A total of 9.1% of journals required data sharing, but did not state that it would affect publication decisions. 23.3% of journals had a statement encouraging authors to share their data but did not require it. A total of 9.1% of journals mentioned data sharing indirectly, and only 14.8% addressed protein, proteomic, and/or genomic data sharing. There was no mention of data sharing in 31.8% of journals. Impact factors were significantly higher for journals with the strongest data sharing policies compared to all other data sharing criteria. Open access journals were not more likely to require data sharing than subscription journals.

Discussion

Our study confirmed earlier investigations which observed that only a minority of biomedical journals require data sharing, and a significant association between higher Impact Factors and journals with a data sharing requirement. Moreover, while 65.7% of the journals in our study that required data sharing addressed the concept of reproducibility, as with earlier investigations, we found that most data sharing policies did not provide specific guidance on the practices that ensure data is maximally available and reusable.