bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine Use and Quality of Opioid Use Disorder Treatment in the US During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hailu Ruth , Mehrotra Ateev , Huskamp Haiden A. , Busch Alisa B. , Barnett Michael L.
Published: January 2023

Importance

Little is known about the potential implications of the rapid transition to telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic for treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD).

Objective

To examine the association between telemedicine adoption during the COVID-19 pandemic and indicators of OUD treatment quality.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study analyzed deidentified administrative claims data from OptumLabs Data Warehouse. Claims for telemedicine visits were included for both the prepandemic period (March 14, 2019, to March 13, 2020) and pandemic period (March 14, 2020, to March 13, 2021). Patients with OUD and continuous enrollment in either commercial insurance or Medicare Advantage plans were included. Clinicians who provided office-based OUD care were included and categorized into low, medium, or high telemedicine use groups. Patients were attributed to the clinician (and corresponding telemedicine use group) from whom they received a plurality of OUD visits.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The 4 outcomes were all outpatient visits, OUD visits (in person vs telemedicine) within 90 days of an index visit, medications for OUD (MOUD) prescribing, and OUD-related clinical events (including drug overdose, inpatient detoxification and rehabilitation center stay, or injection drug use–related infections).

Results

The analysis included 11 801 patients (mean [SD] age, 53.9 [15.7] years; 5902 males [50.0%]) who were treated by 1768 clinicians. Clinicians with low vs high telemedicine use conducted a mean (SD) of 2.1% (2.5%) vs 69.5% (18.6%) of their office visits virtually in the pandemic period. While telemedicine use for OUD increased significantly from the prepandemic to pandemic periods, total OUD visit volume (in person plus telemedicine) per patient episode remained stable among both high (2.6 to 2.7 visits per patient episode) and low (3.1 to 3.3 visits per patient episode) telemedicine use groups. In adjusted analyses comparing the prepandemic with pandemic periods, there was no differential change in MOUD initiation (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.84-1.19), MOUD days’ supply (differential change in days’ supply, –0.27; 95% CI, –1.84 to 1.30), or OUD-related clinical events (adjusted OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.73-1.24) among patients who were treated by clinicians in low vs high telemedicine use groups.

Conclusions and Relevance

Results of this study revealed that clinical outcomes were similar among patients who were treated by clinicians with high and low telemedicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that telemedicine is a comparable alternative to in-person OUD care. There was no evidence that telemedicine was associated with increased access to or improved quality of OUD treatment.
Dyadic effects of minority stress and problematic alcohol use on sexual intimate partner violence in same sex couples
Authors: Parrott Dominic J. , Bresin Konrad , Hequembourg Amy , Velia Brynne , Swartout Kevin M. , Stappenbeck Cynthia A. , Masyn Katherine E. , Grom Jessica L.
Published: January 2023

Little is known about the factors that facilitate the perpetration of sexual violence within the context of same‐sex romantic relationships (sexual intimate partner violence perpetration [S‐IPV]). The present study sought to identify the effects of external and internal minority stress and problematic drinking on perpetration of S‐IPV within a dyadic framework. A community‐based sample of 137 sexual and gender minority (SGM) couples (N = 274; 59 male assigned at birth and 78 female assigned at birth couples) completed self‐report surveys about minority stressors, alcohol use, and S‐IPV perpetration. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted within an actor‐partner interdependence framework. This approach accounted for both actor effects (e.g., how much one's S‐IPV perpetration is predicted by their own risk factors) and partner effects (e.g., how much one's S‐IPV perpetration is influenced by their partner's risk factors). Both Actor external minority stress and internal minority stress were positively associated with Actor S‐IPV perpetration. Actor problematic drinking was not associated with Actor S‐IPV perpetration; however, Partner problematic drinking was positively associated with Actor S‐IPV perpetration. Observed effects were robust above the addition of other risk factors. This research innovatively extricates S‐IPV perpetration from other forms of IPV and indicates that Actor minority stress and Partner problematic drinking increase S‐IPV likelihood. Results serve as a starting point for development of etiological models to inform the design of culturally‐informed interventions to reduce S‐IPV among SGM couples.
No pain, no strain: Targin® mitigates pain and constipation following spinal cord injury
Authors: Sachdeva Rahul , Hosseinzadeh Ali , Rizzardo Aaron , Maharaj Andrea , Berger Michael , Krassioukov Andrei
Published: January 2023

Background

Opioids effectively reduce chronic pain, but present significant side effects including opioid‐induced constipation. Oxycodone/naloxone decreases pain and constipation in cancer patients, however its effect on spinal cord injury population remains understudied.

Methods

We assessed whether oxycodone/naloxone reduces pain, constipation, and severity of autonomic dysreflexia in an individual with spinal cord injury. A 55‐year‐old male with C5 lesion presented with chief complaint of chronic pain received 5/2.5 mg and 20/10 mg oxycodone/naloxone for 6 and 2 weeks, respectively.

Results

Oxycodone/naloxone improved pain, bowel function, and autonomic dysreflexia severity.

Interpretation

Oxycodone/naloxone was effective in managing chronic pain and constipation in the studied case.
Assessing the Costs of Neuropsychiatric Disease in the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Cohort Using Multistate Modeling
Authors: Clarke Ann E. , Hanly John G. , Urowitz Murray B. , St. Pierre Yvan , Gordon Caroline , Bae Sang‐Cheol , Romero‐Diaz Juanita , Sanchez‐Guerrero Jorge , Bernatsky Sasha , Wallace Daniel J. , Isenberg David A. , Rahman Anisur , Merrill Joan T. , Fortin Paul R. , Gladman Dafna D. , Bruce Ian N. , Petri Michelle , Ginzler Ellen M. , Dooley Mary Anne , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Manzi Susan , Jönsen Andreas , Alarcón Graciela S. , Van Vollenhoven Ronald F. , Aranow Cynthia , Mackay Meggan , Ruiz‐Irastorza Guillermo , Lim S. Sam , Inanc Murat , Kalunian Kenneth C. , Jacobsen Soren , Peschken Christine A. , Kamen Diane L. , Askanase Anca , Farewell Vernon
Published: January 2023

Objective

To estimate direct and indirect costs associated with neuropsychiatric (NP) events in the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics inception cohort.

Methods

NP events were documented annually using American College of Rheumatology definitions for NP events and attributed to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or non‐SLE causes. Patients were stratified into 1 of 3 NP states (no, resolved, or new/ongoing NP event). Change in NP status was characterized by interstate transition rates using multistate modeling. Annual direct costs and indirect costs were based on health care use and impaired productivity over the preceding year. Annual costs associated with NP states and NP events were calculated by averaging all observations in each state and adjusted through random‐effects regressions. Five‐ and 10‐year costs for NP states were predicted by multiplying adjusted annual costs per state by expected state duration, forecasted using multistate modeling.

Results

A total of 1,697 patients (49% White race/ethnicity) were followed for a mean of 9.6 years. NP events (n = 1,971) occurred in 956 patients, 32% attributed to SLE. For SLE and non‐SLE NP events, predicted annual, 5‐, and 10‐year direct costs and indirect costs were higher in new/ongoing versus no events. Direct costs were 1.5‐fold higher and indirect costs 1.3‐fold higher in new/ongoing versus no events. Indirect costs exceeded direct costs 3.0 to 5.2 fold. Among frequent SLE NP events, new/ongoing seizure disorder and cerebrovascular disease accounted for the largest increases in annual direct costs. For non‐SLE NP events, new/ongoing polyneuropathy accounted for the largest increase in annual direct costs, and new/ongoing headache and mood disorder for the largest increases in indirect costs.

Conclusion

Patients with new/ongoing SLE or non‐SLE NP events incurred higher direct and indirect costs.
Distributed output estimation error observer‐based adaptive fault‐tolerant consensus tracking control of multi‐agent systems
Authors: Yu Zhengyan , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaofan , Ren Xiaoqiang
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to discuss the fully distributed design of output estimation error observer and fault‐tolerant consensus tracking control for a class of multi‐agent systems with Lipschitz nonlinear dynamics and actuator faults. Firstly, based on the relative output measurements of neighboring agents, the distributed output estimation error observer is developed to adaptively estimate the state and fault information of each agent, and further overcome the difficulties of online updating the adaptive estimations of unknown hyper‐parameters. Secondly, to achieve the state consensus tracking goal and compensate for the negative effects of actuator faults, the distributed fault‐tolerant consensus tracking control scheme is proposed on the basis of the state estimation and adaptive fault estimation information, and has excellent robustness and consensus tracking control performance. Moreover, sufficient criteria can ensure that consensus tracking error of each agent converges to a small set near the origin. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed fully distributed algorithm.
Natural Materials for Sustainable Organic Solar Cells: Status and Challenge
Authors: Xie Yuanpeng , Lu Hui , Huang Jun , Xie Haibo
Published: January 2023

The exploitation of natural materials has received growing attention because of the needs of environmental sustainability. In contrast to petroleum‐based synthetic materials, natural materials possess significant advantages of abundant, low‐cost, degradable, and renewable. Here, the recent research status of natural materials as flexible substrate, cathode interfacial material, and anode interfacial material for organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are first presented. Then, the confronted key challenges that limit the widespread application of natural materials for OPVs is summarized, including complex multilength scaled aggregation morphology, non‐conjugated structure, and unclear working mechanism. Finally, their potential solutions from the perspective of chemical structure are proposed for constructing efficient OPVs. It is believed that natural materials have a broad landscape in low‐cost and green manufacturing technology for OPVs in the future.
Glutamine‐Based Metabolism Normalization and Oxidative Stress Alleviation by Self‐Assembled Bilirubin/V9302 Nanoparticles for Psoriasis Treatment
Authors: Jiang Xinyu , Huang Shuqi , Cai Wenjing , Wang Peiqi , Jiang Zewei , Wang Minghui , Zhang Linyi , Mao Pengfei , Chen Lijia , Wang Ruizhen , Sun Tuyue , Jiang Yiling , Yao Qing , Chen Ruijie , Kou Longfa
Published: January 2023

Psoriasis is an immune‐mediated chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by epidermal hyperplasia and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Even though the pathogenesis remains unclear, T helper 17 (Th17) cells‐mediated inflammation and keratinocyte‐involved proliferation are considered to play key roles during the occurrence and the development of psoriasis. Therefore, suppressing the infiltration/function of Th17 and the abnormal hyperplasia of keratinocytes can be a rational strategy for ameliorating and treating psoriasis. In this study, a self‐assembly nanoparticle (BVn) is developed with bilirubin (an endogenous antioxidant) and V9302 (a blocker of ASCT2, an amino acid transporter mediating glutamine influx for providing energy and activating mammalian target of rapamycin [mTOR] pathway) to intervene the local metabolism and alleviate oxidative stress for psoriasis treatment. BVn effectively suppresses inflammatory keratinocyte proliferation and scavenges excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the in vivo psoriasis mouse model, BVn shows increased permeation and delayed retention in the psoriatic lesion and reverses the psoriasis‐related symptoms, evidenced by the normalized keratinocyte condition and decreased Th17 infiltration/activation. Mechanism study indicates that BVn not only cut off the energy supply but also suppressed cell proliferation or lymph cell expansion by deactivating mTOR pathway, besides alleviated oxidative stress. BVn‐based glutamine metabolism modulation strategy offers a promising strategy for psoriasis therapy.
2D Mo2CTx Reinforced Polyimide Nanocomposites for Enhancement of Surface Tribological Performance at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Li Haonan , Wang Libo , Li Liang , Li Han , Dai Yahui , Hu Qianku , Zhou Aiguo , Liu Xuqing
Published: January 2023

In order to improve the high‐temperature friction and wear properties of polyimide (PI), Mo2CTx/PI nanocomposite materials are prepared by using 2D Mo2CTx MXene as reinforcement. Compared with the properties of pure PI, Mo2CTx/PI nanocomposites exhibit significant improvement on thermal stability, hardness, and tribological performance. Especially, the addition of Mo2CTx can reduce friction coefficient and wear rate of PI significantly at different temperatures ranging from room temperature (RT) to 200 °C. The hardness and the thermo‐degradation temperature of composites increase due to the formation of an organic inorganic structure. In addition, this structure helps to form a protective film containing Mo2CTx nanoflakes, iron oxide, molybdenum oxide, and organic compounds during friction, and improve the tribological properties of PI composite.
All‐Dielectric Insulated 3D Plasmonic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Self‐Floating Solar Evaporation under One Sun
Authors: Wang Yang , Ma Haiyang , Yu Jianyu , Li Jinlei , Xu Ning , Zhu Jia , Zhou Lin
Published: January 2023

Plasmonic absorbers, featured by unique capability of broadband light absorption and nanoscale optical concentration, have long been regarded as ideal candidates for self‐floating interfacial solar evaporation yet suffering from low energy transfer efficiency because of poor thermal localization. In this work, by implanting an ion beam exfoliation of the continuous metallic film from the gold/nanoporous alumina template (Au/NPT), the all‐dielectric insulated plasmonic absorbers are demonstrated as efficient self‐floating interfacial solar evaporators with measured efficiency of ≈80% under one sun, which shows a ≈20% increment to conventional Au/NPT and is comparable to mainstream complicated carbon‐based evaporators with external thermal insulators. The enhanced energy transfer process can be ascribed to synergistic effect of plasmon‐enhanced solar absorption, broadband light induced thermal localization and/or insulation, as well as efficient mass transport channels. The results here would provide a new insight in underlying understanding and inspire further development of plasmonic solar thermal conversion.
High‐Performance Black Phosphorus Field‐Effect Transistors with Controllable Channel Orientation
Authors: Wang Junqi , Liu Wei , Wang Chunqing
Published: January 2023

Black phosphorus (BP) receives extensive attention in many fields such as energy storage, microelectronics, and optoelectronics due to its layer‐controlled direct bandgap, excellent carrier mobility, and unique anisotropy. However, in practical applications, atmospheric degradation and the random channel orientation make the actual performance of BP much lower than the theoretical value. Here, clean and complete BP nanosheets with large size and high crystal quality are obtained by poly(dimethylsiloxane)‐assisted mechanical exfoliation. Then, angle‐resolved polarized Raman spectroscopy is used to distinguish the armchair (AC) orientation of BP and a field‐effect transistor (FET) with controllable channel direction can improve the carrier mobility of the device (up to 826.2 cm2 V−1 s−1) because of higher mobility along the AC orientation. Due to the tunneling of electrons through the electron barrier into the conduction band of BP under a positive gate voltage, the transistor possesses a bipolar transport property. In addition, with the change of channel thickness, both the impurity scattering of the substrate and the interlayer resistance will affect the movement of carriers, so the carrier mobility of the device increases first and then decreases with the increase of the channel thickness.
Regional switchgrass carbon sequestration estimates from high‐frequency eddy covariance and Mesonet observations
Authors: Dhakal Kundan , Kakani Vijaya Gopal , Wagle Pradeep , Sharma Sonisa
Published: January 2023

Monitoring net ecosystem carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange (NEE) using eddy covariance (EC) flux towers is quite common, but the measurements are valid at the scale of tower footprints. Alternative ways to quantify and extrapolate EC‐measured NEE across potential production areas have not been explored in detail. To address this need, we used NEE measurements from a switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) ecosystem and detailed meteorological measurements from the Oklahoma Mesonet and developed empirical relationships for quantifying seasonal (April to October) sums of NEE across potential switchgrass establishment landscapes in Oklahoma, USA. We identified ensemble areas for potential switchgrass expansion regions and created thematic maps of switchgrass productivity using geostatistics and geographic information systems (GIS) routines. The purpose of this study was to explore if model parametrizations based on high temporal frequency meteorological forcing can be used for reliable estimates of NEE for evaluating the source–sink status of carbon. Rectangular hyperbolic light‐response curve and temperature response functions were fitted using EC measurements to estimate gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER), respectively, on a seasonal scale. Model performance validated by comparing EC‐measured seasonal NEE for 3 yr showed good‐to‐strong agreement (.29 < R2 < .91; p < .05). Additionally, total seasonal NEE estimates were validated with measured biomass data in three additional locations. The estimated seasonal average net ecosystem production (NEP = −NEE) was 3.97 ± 1.92 (SD) Mg C ha−1. However, results based on a simple linear model suggested significant differences in NEP between contrasting climatic years. Overall, the results from this study indicate that this new scaling‐up approach involving high temporal resolution meteorological data may be a helpful tool for assessing spatiotemporal heterogeneity of switchgrass production and the potential of switchgrass fields to sequester carbon in the Southern Great Plains of the United States.
The effect of product quantity on willingness to pay: A meta‐regression analysis of beef valuation studies
Authors: Lin Wen
Published: January 2023

Stated preference methods in food economics typically focus on willingness to pay for high food quality of a fixed product quantity, ignoring the role of product quantity on welfare estimates. This study demonstrates that product quantity matters in beef valuation studies both theoretically and empirically. We find that when product quantity can be chosen freely by individuals, the price premium for improved quality per beef product decreases with beef product quantity. A meta‐regression analysis conducted on beef valuation studies shows the extent of the impact of product quantity. When beef product quantity increases by 100 g, the percentage price premium declines by 2−4 percentage points, which differs across model specifications and samples. The implications for willingness to pay estimates and the design of stated preference methods are discussed in line with the results. [EconLit Citations: D10, D60, Q18].
Are we prepared to deliver gene‐targeted therapies for rare diseases?
Authors: Yu Timothy W. , Kingsmore Stephen F. , Green Robert C. , MacKenzie Tippi , Wasserstein Melissa , Caggana Michele , Gold Nina B. , Kennedy Annie , Kishnani Priya S. , Might Matthew , Brooks Phillip J. , Morris Jill A. , Parisi Melissa A. , Urv Tiina K.
Published: January 2023

The cost and time needed to conduct whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) have decreased significantly in the last 20 years. At the same time, the number of conditions with a known molecular basis has steadily increased, as has the number of investigational new drug applications for novel gene‐based therapeutics. The prospect of precision gene‐targeted therapy for all seems in reach… or is it? Here we consider practical and strategic considerations that need to be addressed to establish a foundation for the early, effective, and equitable delivery of these treatments.
Blood pH and COVID‐19
Authors: Elsebai Mahmoud Fahmi , Habib EL‐Sayed E.
Published: January 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic is a worldwide war. Raising the blood pH might be a crucial strategy to chase COVID‐19. The human blood is slightly alkaline, which is essential for cell metabolism, normal physiology, and balanced immunity since all of these biological processes are pH‐dependent. Varieties of physiologic derangements occur when the blood pH is disrupted. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) proliferates in acidic blood that magnifies the severity of COVID‐19. On the other side, blood acidemia is linked to increased morbidity and mortality because of its complications on immunity, especially in the elderly and in critical diseases such as cancer, musculoskeletal degradation, renal, cardiac, and pulmonary disorders, which result in many pathological disorders such as osteomalacia, and disturbing the hematopoiesis. Additionally, acidemia of the blood facilitates viral infection and progression. Thus, correcting the acid–base balance might be a crucial strategy for the treatment of COVID‐19, which might be attributed to the distraction of the viral spike protein to its cognate receptor angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 and supporting the over‐taxed immunity.
Weaker face recognition in adults with autism arises from perceptually based alterations
Authors: Hartston Marissa , Avidan Galia , Pertzov Yoni , Hadad Bat‐Sheva
Published: January 2023

Face recognition has been shown to be impaired in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, it is still debated whether these face processing deficits arise from perceptually based alterations. We tested individuals with ASD and matched typically developing (TD) individuals using a delayed estimation task in which a single target face was shown either upright or inverted. Participants selected a face that best resembled the target face out of a cyclic space of morphed faces. To enable the disentanglement of visual from mnemonic processing, reports were required either following a 1 and 6 second retention interval, or simultaneously while the target face was still visible. Individuals with ASD made significantly more errors than TD individuals in both the simultaneous and delayed intervals, indicating that face recognition deficits in autism are also perceptual rather than strictly memory based. Moreover, individuals with ASD exhibited weaker inversion effects than the TD individuals, on all retention intervals. This finding, that was mostly evident in precision errors, suggests that contrary to the more precise representations of upright faces in TD individuals, individuals with ASD exhibit similar levels of precision for inverted and upright faces, for both simultaneous and delayed conditions. These results suggest that weakened memory for faces reported in ASD may be secondary to an underlying perceptual deficit in face processing.
Thionin as a Bipolar Organic Cathode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Batteries
Authors: Yu Pu , Wang Junxiao , Gan Xiaotang , Guo Zhihua , Huang Liang , Song Zhiping
Published: January 2023

Organic cathode materials (OCMs) have been widely applied in aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries (ARZBs), but there are still many novel structures to be explored for better electrochemical performance and clearer mechanism. Herein, we have studied an organic biological dye, namely thionin (Thn‐CH3COO), as a bipolar‐type OCM for ARZBs based on its electroactive phenothiazine unit. In the optimal electrolyte of 2 M Zn(CF3SO3)2, Thn‐CH3COO exhibited the lowest solubility and thus the highest cycling stability (94 % capacity retention after 100 cycles), with a reversible capacity of 162 mAh g−1 (the theoretical value is 186 mAh g−1) and a discharge plateau at ∼0.8 V vs. Zn2+/Zn. Various characterization and DFT calculations have revealed that both CH3COO− and CF3SO3− anions and H+ cations participated the p‐type and n‐type reactions, respectively. In brief, the novel structure, competitive performance, and exhaustive mechanism investigation will facilitate the further development of ARZBs based on OCMs.
Recent advances in the in vitro and in vivo methods to assess impact of P‐glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein transporters in central nervous system drug disposition
Authors: Chatterjee Sagnik , Deshpande Anup Arunrao , Shen Hong
Published: January 2023

One challenge in central nervous system (CNS) drug discovery has been ensuring the blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration of compounds at an efficacious concentration that provides suitable safety margins for clinical investigation. Research providing for the accurate prediction of brain penetration of compounds during preclinical discovery is important to a CNS program. In the BBB, P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) (ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) (ABCG2) transporters have been demonstrated to play a major role in the active efflux of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics out of the brain microvessel cells and back to the systemic circulation. In the past 10 years, there has been significant technological improvement in the sensitivity of quantitative proteomics methods, in vivo imaging, in vitro methods of organoid and microphysiological systems, as well as in silico quantitative physiological based pharmacokinetic and systems pharmacology models. Scientists continually leverage these advancements to interrogate the distribution of compounds in the CNS which may also show signals of substrate specificity of P‐gp and/or BCRP. These methods have shown promise toward predicting and quantifying the unbound concentration(s) within the brain relevant for efficacy or safety. In this review, the authors have summarized the in vivo, in vitro, and proteomics advancements toward understanding the contribution of P‐gp and/or BCRP in restricting the entry of compounds to the CNS of either healthy or special populations. Special emphasis has been provided on recent investigations on the application of a proteomics‐informed approach to predict steady‐state drug concentrations in the brain. Moreover, future perspectives regarding the role of these transporters in newer modalities are discussed.
Innervation of the heart: Anatomical study with application to better understanding pathologies of the cardiac autonomics
Authors: González Mailén L. , Pividori Sofía M. , Fosser Gregorio , Pontecorvo Agustina A. , Franco‐Riveros Verena B. , Tubbs Richard Shane , Boezaart André P. , Reina Miguel A. , Buchholz Bruno
Published: January 2023

Current advances in management of the cardiac neuroaxis in different cardiovascular diseases require a deeper knowledge of cardiac neuroanatomy. The aim of the study was to increase knowledge of the human fetal extrinsic cardiac nervous system. We achieved this by systematizing the origin and formation of the cardiac nerves, branches, and ganglia and their sympathetic/parasympathetic connections. Thirty human fetuses (60 sides) were subjected to detailed sub‐macroscopic dissection of the cervical and thoracic regions. Cardiac accessory ganglia lying on a cardiac nerve or in conjunction with two or more (up to four) nerves before entering the mediastinal cardiac plexus were observed in 13 sides. Except for the superior cardiac nerve, the sympathetic cardiac nerves were individually variable and inconstant. In contrast, the cardiac branches of the vagus nerve appeared grossly more constant and invariable, although the individual cardiac branches varied in number and position of origin. Each cervical cardiac nerve or cardiac branch of the vagus nerve could be singular or multiple (up to six) and originated from the sympathetic trunk or the vagus nerve by one, two, or three roots. Sympathetic nerves arose from the cervical‐thoracic ganglia or the interganglionic segment of the sympathetic trunk. Connections were found outside the cardiac plexus. Some cardiac nerves were connected to non‐cardiac nerves, while others were connected to each other. Common sympathetic/parasympathetic cardiac nerve trunks were more frequent on right (70%) versus left sides (20%). The origin, frequency, and connections of the cardiac nerves and branches are highly variable in the fetus. Detailed knowledge of the normal neuroanatomy of the heart could be useful during cardiac neuromodulation procedures and in better understanding nervous pathologies of the heart.
GC/MS Profiling and Evaluation of Leaf Essential Oil for Bactericidal Effect and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng Collected from Odisha, India
Authors: Jena Biswajit , Biswal Bhagyashree , Sarangi Ashirbad , Giri Alok Kumar , Bhattacharya Debapriya , Acharya Laxmikanta
Published: January 2023

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng, known as the Indian borage or Mexican mint, is one of the most documented species in the family Lamiaceae for its therapeutic and pharmaceutical values. It is found in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The leaf essential oil has immense medicinal benefits like treating illnesses of the skin and disorders like colds, asthma, constipation, headaches, coughs, and fevers. After analyzing earlier reports with regard to the quantity and quality of leaf oil yield, we discovered that the germplasm taken from Odisha is preferable to other germplasms. The objective of the present work is to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity and bactericidal effect of leaf essential oil (EO) of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng collected from the state of Odisha, India. The hydro distillation technique has been used for essential oil extraction. Upon GC/MS analysis, approximately 57 compounds were identified with Carvacrol as the major compound (peak area=20.25 %), followed by p‐thymol (peak area=20.17 %), o‐cymene (peak area=19.41 %) and carene (peak area=15.89 %). On evaluation of free radical scavenging activity, it was recorded that the best value of inhibitory concentration, was for DPPH with IC50=18.64 ppm and for H2O2 with IC50=9.35 ppm. The EO showed efficient bactericidal effect against both gram positive (Mycobacterium smegmatis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium) and gram negative (Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria studied through well diffusion method. Fumigatory action of the essential oil was found against M. smegmatis, the model organism for tuberculosis study. Alamar Blue assay, gave a result with MIC value for M. smegmatis i. e., 0.12 μg/ml and the MBC value of 0.12 μg/ml. Hence, P. amboinicus found in Odisha can be suggested as an elite variety and should be further investigated for efficient administration in drug formulation.
Impact of complex percutaneous coronary intervention features on clinical outcomes in patients with or without chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chen Huazhen , Spirito Alessandro , Sartori Samantha , Nicolas Johny , Cao Davide , Zhang Zhongjie , Baber Usman , Kamaleldin Karim , Guthrie Jeffers , Vogel Birgit , Sweeny Joseph , Krishnan Prakash , Sharma Samin K. , Kini Annapoorna , Dangas George , Mehran Roxana
Published: January 2023

Background

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at higher risk of ischemic and bleeding events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Complex PCI (CPCI) is associated with higher rates of ischemic complications. Whether CPCI confers an additive risk of adverse events in CKD patients is unclear.

Methods

Patients who underwent PCI at a single tertiary‐care‐center between 2012 and 2019 were stratified by CKD status and CPCI. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), a composite of all‐cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), and target‐vessel revascularization (TVR) at 1‐year follow‐up. Secondary outcomes included the individual components of the primary outcome and major bleeding.

Results

Out of 15,071 patients, 4537 (30.1%) had CKD and 10,534 (69.9%) had no CKD. Patients undergoing CPCI were 1151 (25.4%) and 2983 (28.3%) in the two cohorts, respectively. At one year, CPCI compared with no CPCI was associated with higher risk of MACE in both CKD (Adj. HR 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45−2.06, p < 0.001) and no‐CKD patients (Adj. hazard ratios [HR] 2.19, 95% CI 1.91−2.51, p < 0.001; p of interaction 0.057), determined by an excess of death, MI and TVR in CKD patients and of TVR and MI only in no‐CKD. CPCI was related with a consistent increase of major bleeding in the CKD (Adj. HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.18−1.87, p < 0.001) and no‐CKD group (Adj. HR 1.23, 95% CI 0.98−1.54, p = 0.071, p of interaction 0.206).

Conclusion

At 1‐year follow‐up, CPCI was associated with higher risk of MACE and major bleeding irrespective of concomitant CKD. CPCI predicted mortality in CKD patients only.
Insights from a rare myeloproliferative neoplasm with coexisting BCR‐ABL1 fusion gene, CALR, and TET2 mutations treated with nilotinib and ruxolitinib
Authors: Huo Li , Xie Jundan , Wang Qian , Shen Hongjie , Ding Zixuan , Wen Lijun , Zeng Zhao , Xu Yi , Ruan Changgeng , Chen Suning , Xue Mengxing
Published: January 2023

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) with concurrent BCR‐ABL1 fusion gene and CALR mutation are especially rare. We report a patient with coexisting BCR‐ABL1 fusion gene, CALR, and TET2 mutations who was treated with the combination of the second‐generation TKI nilotinib and JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib.
Healing of large endodontic lesions using a new combination of triple antibiotics: A case report
Authors: Asgary Saeed , Parhizkar Ardavan
Published: January 2023

In the case report presented, three cases of large endodontic lesions, which were the consequences of endodontic treatment failure, were studied. In all cases, a novel combination of triple antibiotics was used to successfully manage and heal the lesions, showing the promising potential of the antibiotic combination in resolving pathosis.
Non‐Isothermal Mass Transfer in Fluid Drops with Internal Circulation
Authors: Binu T. V. , Jayanti Sreenivas
Published: January 2023

The influence of internal circulation on the heat and mass transfer within dispersed fluid drops in translation was studied numerically using the computational fluid dynamics simulation tool ANSYS FLUENT. The three phases identified for heat/mass transfer are: the initial and final diffusion‐dominated phases and a middle convection‐dominated phase. Non‐isothermal mass transfer simulations using temperature‐dependent diffusion coefficients were carried out to investigate the influence of heating and cooling of the drop on the solute transfer. Mass transfer is slower compared to heat transfer and the final diffusion‐dominated mass transfer occurs at the final temperature attained by the drop. Mass transfer is faster for drop heating than for drop cooling, as the final diffusion phase is rate controlling and significant solute transfer occurs at the final higher temperature.
Columnar Liquid Crystalline Glasses by Combining Configurational Flexibility with Moderate Deviation from Planarity: Extended Triaryltriazines
Authors: Nunes da Silva Fabrícia , Marchi Luciano Hugo , Stadtlober Carlos H. , Farias Giliandro , Durola Fabien , Eccher Juliana , Bechtold Ivan H. , Bock Harald , Gallardo Hugo , Vieira André A.
Published: January 2023

Triply phenanthryl‐ and tetrahelicenyl‐substituted triazine‐hexaalkyl esters with short alkyl chains show glass transitions conveniently above room temperature within the hexagonal columnar liquid crystalline state, resulting in a solid columnar order at room temperature. As the hexagonal columnar mesophase is easily aligned with the director perpendicular to a solid substrate, such glassy columnar liquid matrices are aimed at for the orientation of guest emitters, to obtain anisotropic emission. A condition for face‐on alignment on substrates are attainable melting and clearing temperatures, which is achieved with the moderately nonplanar tetrahelicenyl derivatives in spite of their short alkyl periphery. An unusual phase transition between two columnar mesophases of same hexagonal symmetry, but very different long‐distance regularity of the column lattice, is found in one phenanthryl homolog.
Melt Castable Derivatives of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate
Authors: Benz Maximilian , Klapötke Thomas M. , Kölbl Niklas , Kuch Jürgen , Lenz Tobias , Parigi Ersel , Stierstorfer Jörg
Published: January 2023

In the search for high‐performance and environmentally friendly energetic materials, the derivatization of known materials is an often‐applied concept to fulfill modern‐day demands. Surprisingly, the long know pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) has only been derivatized to a limited extent. PETN shows a brought application in energetic materials or pharmaceutics. In this work, the PETN backbone is modified by introducing nitramine, ionic nitramine, amine, ionic amine and tetrazole functionalities. The obtained and structurally similar compounds allow good comparability and insights into functional group effects on sensitivity, thermal behavior and performance. The functionalizations result in melting points in the range of 64 to 126 °C. Some compounds are therefore potential candidates to replace toxic TNT.
Ultrafast Electron Transfer Dynamics of Organic Polymer Nanoparticles with Graphene Oxide
Authors: Li Dong , He Xiaoxiao , Zhao Litao , Jia Menghui , Li Haoyang , Zhang Sanjun , Zhang Xiaolei , Chen Jinquan , Jin Qingyuan , Xu Jianhua
Published: January 2023

We prepared organic polymer poly‐3‐hexylthiophene (p3ht) nanoparticles (NPs) and graphene oxide (GO)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composites p3ht NPs‐GO/RGO by using the reprecipitation method. We demonstrated that GO/RGO could improve the ordering and planarity of p3ht chains as well as the formation of p3ht NPs, and confirmed the effects of GO/RGO on the fluorescence and carrier transport dynamics of p3ht NPs by using femtosecond fluorescence upconversion and transient absorption (TA) techniques. Ultrafast electron transfer (∼1 ps) between GO/RGO and p3ht NPs quenched the fluorescence of p3ht NPs, indicating excellent properties of p3ht NPs‐GO/RGO as the charge transfer complexes. Efficient electron transfer may promote the applications of p3ht NPs‐GO/RGO composites in organic polymer solar cells and photocatalysis. Moreover, RGO had stronger interfacial interactions and more matched conduction band energy levels with p3ht NPs than GO did, which implied that p3ht NPs‐RGO might have greater application values than p3ht NPs‐GO.
Total Syntheses of Favolasins A, E, G and K, Polyketides Isolated from Cultures of the Basidiomycetes Fungi Favolaschia sp. BCC 18686 and Favolaschia caloceraBCC 36684
Authors: Sheng Bingbing , Lan Ping , Kiong Jolynn , Khalil Zeinab G. , Capon Robert J. , Banwell Martin G.
Published: January 2023

Comprehensive Summary

The structures assigned to all four members, 1—4, of the recently reported favolasin class of natural product have been prepared for the first time by chemical synthesis. Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling chemistry was used to establish the associated biaryl substructures. The key step used in preparing the 1,5‐benzodioxepin ring system associated with compounds 3 and 4 was the acid‐catalyzed 7‐exo‐tet cyclization of an appropriately substituted 2‐(oxiran‐2‐ylmethoxy)phenol while a base‐promoted 6‐exo‐tet cyclization of the same substrate was used to construct the 2,3‐dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxine core of target 2. The spectral data derived from the four synthetically‐produced favolasins matched those reported for the corresponding natural products. Preliminary biological screening of compounds 1—3 as well as a suite of fourteen precursors reveal that they display no notable anti‐bacterial, anti‐fungal or anti‐tumor activities but congener K (4) is active, in the mM range, against Plasmodium falciparum.
Association of polypharmacy and potential drug‐drug interactions with adverse treatment outcomes in older adults with advanced cancer
Authors: Mohamed Mostafa R. , Mohile Supriya G. , Juba Katherine M. , Awad Hala , Wells Megan , Loh Kah Poh , Flannery Marie , Culakova Eva , Tylock Rachael G. , Ramsdale Erika E.
Published: January 2023

Background

Polypharmacy is common in older adults who are starting cancer treatment and is associated with an increased risk of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and potential drug‐drug interactions (PDIs). The authors evaluated the association of medication measures with adverse outcomes in older adults with advanced cancer who were receiving systemic therapy.

Methods

This secondary analysis from GAP 70+ Trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02054741; principal investigator, Supriya G. Mohile) enrolled patients aged 70 years and older with advanced cancer who planned to start a new treatment regimen (n = 718). Polypharmacy was assessed before the initiation of treatment and was defined as the concurrent use of eight or more medications. PIMs were categorized using 2019 Beers Criteria and the Screening Tool of Older Persons' Prescriptions. PDIs were evaluated using Lexi‐Interact Online. Study outcomes were assessed within 3 months of treatment and included: (1) the number of grade ≥2 and ≥3 toxicities according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria, (2) treatment‐related unplanned hospitalization, and (3) early treatment discontinuation. Multivariable regression models examined the association of medication measures with outcomes.

Results

The mean patient age was 77 years, and 57% had lung or gastrointestinal cancers. The median number of medications was five (range, 0–24 medications), 28% of patients received eight or more medications, 67% received one or more PIM, and 25% had one or more major PDI. The mean number of grade ≥2 toxicities in patients with polypharmacy was 9.8 versus 7.7 in those without polypharmacy (adjusted β = 1.87; standard error, 0.71; p <.01). The mean number of grade ≥3 toxicities in patients with polypharmacy was 2.9 versus 2.2 in patients without polypharmacy (adjusted β = 0.59; standard error, 0.29; p = .04). Patients with who had one or more major PDI had 59% higher odds of early treatment discontinuation (odds ratio, 1.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–2.46; p = .03).

Conclusions

In a cohort of older adults with advanced cancer, polypharmacy and PDIs were associated with an increased risk of adverse treatment outcomes. Providing meaningful screening and interventional tools to optimize medication use may improve treatment‐related outcomes in these patients.
Novel tumor localization model and prediction of ablation zone using an intertwined helical antenna for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Singh Suyash Kumar , Yadav Amar Nath
Published: January 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma has been the leading cause of death in recent centuries and with the advent of newer technologies, several thermal and cryo‐ablation techniques have been introduced in the recent past. In this regard, microwave ablation has developed into a promising method for thermal ablation technique. However, due to clinical obligations, in‐vivo analysis is not feasible and ex‐vivo analysis is inaccurate due to changes in the electrical and thermal properties of the tissue. Therefore, in this study, temperature‐dependent permittivity, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity along with phase change effect due to temperature reaching above 100°C are incorporated using finite element method model. Further, using an intertwined normal mode helical antenna ablation probe, a change in resonant frequency (Δf) and reflection coefficient (ΔS11) from the actual value (antenna parameter in the air at 5 GHz) is modeled using second‐order polynomial curve fitting to predict the surrounding permittivity in the range of 30–70. A maximum deviation of 0.8 value in permittivity from the actual value is observed. However, to obtain a generalized methodology, XG Boost and CAT Boost algorithms are used. Further, since ablation diameter plays a crucial role in achieving optimal tumor ablation, an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm with three different optimizers is incorporated to predict ablation diameter using five critical parameters. Such an ANN algorithm which can predict the transversal and axial ablation zone may provide optimal ablation outcomes.
Multi‐objective container scheduling and multi‐path routing for elastic business process management in autonomic multi‐tenant cloud
Authors: Naji Saif Mufeed Ahmed , Niranjan Aradhya SK , Hezam Murshed Belal Abdullah , Farhan Alnaggar Omar Abdullah Murshed , Ali Issa Mohammed Saeed
Published: January 2023

Cloud multi‐tenancy has a variant requirement, due to its resource sharing nature, satisfying such requirements and maintaining a balance between the resources and the business workloads of multiple tenants is a challenging task, and also the communication between scheduled containers leads to high power consumption. To address these issues, this article proposes an autonomic approach to ensure the elasticity of BPM in multi‐tenant cloud. Where it employs the autonomic computing capabilities for scheduling the containers into the available servers then regulates the communication between the containers using multi‐path routing. For the container scheduling, a multi‐objective crow search optimization algorithm is proposed to schedule the containers into appropriate servers. Then, the discrete wolf search algorithm based multipath routing is proposed to route the communication flows between the containers by finding the optimal path with an objective to minimize the energy consumption. The optimal path is constructed as a multi‐tenancy graph with bandwidths determining the shortest distance between the servers and containers. The overall simulations shows that the proposed algorithm outperformed the other compared approaches in terms of make‐span, resource utilization, execution cost, execution time, and energy consumption.
NIR‐I Fluorescent Probes Based on Distyryl‐BODIPYs with Two‐Photon Excitation in NIR‐II Window**
Authors: Pakhomov Alexey A. , Efremova Anna V. , Kononevich Yuriy N. , Ionov Dmitriy S. , Maksimova Margarita A. , Volodin Alexander D. , Korlyukov Alexander A. , Dubinets Nikita O. , Martynov Vladimir I. , Ivanov Anatoly A. , Muzafarov Aziz M.
Published: January 2023

Fluorescent dyes which exhibit emission/excitation in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II, 1000–1350 nm) region are currently attracting significant attention in bioimaging and diagnostics applications. Furthermore, dyes with high two‐photon absorption cross‐section (TPA), such as BODIPY derivatives, are of a particular interest due to deeper signal penetration into biological tissues, better image contrast, reduced phototoxicity and photobleaching. Herein we report the synthesis and properties of new monomeric and dimeric di‐styryl‐BODIPY dyes, which have absorption maxima near 625 nm and emission in the range of 600–800 nm (NIR‐I, 650–950 nm). For the first time, we used a femtosecond Cr:Forsterite laser with a wavelength of 1250 nm (NIR‐II) for the excitation of NIR‐I di‐styryl‐BODIPY dyes by TPA. A cooperative effect was observed for TPA for the dimeric di‐styryl‐BODIPY dyes. The results obtained may be of great interest due to their potential applications in bioimaging and photodynamic therapy.