bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of the structure and morphology of Ni-based porous deposits on their electrocatalytic activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Trofimova T. S. , Darintseva A. B. , Ostanina T. N. , Rudoi V. M. , Il’ina I. E.
Published: January 2023

Porous nickel and nickel-cobalt alloy deposits were obtained by electrodeposition on a dynamic hydrogen bubble template. Deposition was carried out from chloride electrolytes in a galvanostatic mode at a current density of 0.3 A/cm2. The porosity of the obtained deposits is associated with the macro- and micropores. It was found that the nickel and nickel-cobalt alloy deposits feature by different porous layer structures. In case of nickel, a typical foam structure is formed, while the Ni–Co alloy deposit morphology is more like loose (powder) metals. The total porosity of the obtained structures calculated based on experimental data decreased with the deposit thickness: from 0.4 to 0.1 for nickel foams, and from 0.9 to 0.8 for the Ni–Co deposit. It was shown that the dependences of the macropore number and the fraction of the surface occupied by them can be approximated by lognormal distribution. The agreement between the experimental values and values calculated by approximating equations indicates the stochastic nature of the macropore system formation. The catalytic properties of the obtained porous deposits toward the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkali were investigated. It was found that the decrease in the hydrogen evolution potential in comparison with a smooth electrode reaches 370 mV for nickel foams, and 440 mV for porous Ni–Co alloy deposits. However, the high porosity of the Ni–Co alloy caused poor adhesion of the deposit to the substrate; therefore, the porous Ni–Co deposit cannot be used without further strengthening. The dependences of the depolarization value during hydrogen evolution on the average diameter of pores, their number, and the macropore fraction were analyzed. Optimal properties of foams that reduce the potential of hydrogen evolution in alkali are as follows: pore diameters from 30 to 50 μm and their quantity from 50 to 100 pcs/mm2.
Production of fibers based on polyacrylonitrile with magnetite nanoparticles
Authors: Mansurov Z. A. , Smagulova G. T. , Kaidar B. B. , Lesbayev A. B. , Imash A.
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the results of experiments on the production of composite fibers based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and magnetite. For this, magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized by the method of chemical condensation from iron (III) chloride solutions with a concentration of 0.32 mol/l and iron sulfate with a concentration of 0.2 mol/l by gradually adding a 25 % aqueous ammonia solution. It was shown that a simple deposition method can be used to synthesize homogeneous nanoparticles of Fe3O4 magnetite with a particle size of 8–25 nm. This is confirmed by the results of X-ray phase analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Magnetite nanoparticles were then used to obtain PAN/Fe3O4 composite fibers by adding magnetite in a 7 wt.% PAN solution in dimethylformamide. Fibers were obtained from the PAN/Fe3O4 suspension in dimethylformamide by electrospinning. Scanning electron microscopy showed that magnetite nanoparticles are uniformly distributed throughout the fiber surface, and the fiber size is 288–658 nm. The comparison of PAN fibers without the magnetite additive and PAN/Fe3O4 fibers showed that the addition of magnetite leads to a decrease in the fiber diameter at the same polymer concentrations and electrospinning conditions. XRD and elemental analysis of PAN/Fe3O4 fibers showed that magnetite particles in the fibers did not change their chemical composition and represent single-phase magnetite in a polymer matrix. The results obtained in the studies showed the possibility of obtaining composite fibers based on magnetite by the electrospinning method. Resulting composite fibers may be useful in practical scientific and engineering applications.
Mechanism of liquid-phase interaction between nanocrystalline composition (VC0.40О0.53–C)–C and titanium nickelide
Authors: Avdeeva Yu. A. , Ermakov A. N. , Luzhkova I. V. , Askarova L. Kh.
Published: January 2023

The article considers the possibility of binding free carbon existing in the VC0.40O0.53–Cfree nanocrystalline composition to the carbide phase. This composition is obtained by plasma-chemical synthesis in a low-temperature nitrogen plasma. As a carbide former, titanium was used in the form of its nickelide TiNi, which has a melting point of 1310 °С. Experiments were carried out under vacuum sintering conditions involving the liquid phase at 1500 °C for 40 min. The data obtained in X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive analysis were used to determine the phase composition and microstructural features of sintered samples. Liquid-phase interaction between the VC0.40O0.53–Cfree nanocrystalline composition and titanium nickelide, the content of which varied from 10 to 99 wt.%, was studied based on the results of experiments. It was shown that the content of Cfree and VC vanadium carbide increases with the simultaneously increasing TiC content as the TiNi mass content increases in the range of 10–90 wt.%. With a further increase in the titanium nickelide content to 99 wt.%, Ti3Ni4 and Ni3Ti nickelides are present after sintering. The content of free carbon increases to 88 wt.%, and the amount of TiC decreases to 5 wt.%. The data obtained in the course of the study were used to propose various schemes of processes occurring during the (VC0.40O0.53–Cfree)–TiNi liquid phase sintering. In particular, sintering involving the liquid phase proceeds in three stages including TiNi melting, refractory base dissolution, its reprecipitation in the form of TiCx and VCx carbides, and cooling of the resulting composition. It should be noted that the mechanism of liquid-phase interaction during vacuum sintering involving the liquid phase was developed on the basis of the laws presented in the paper by M. Gumenik.
Crack resistance, strength and dynamic fatigue of quartz fibers with copper coatings
Authors: Bulatov M. I. , Shatsov A. A. , Grigoryev N. S. , Malkov N. A.
Published: January 2023

Metallized coatings can significantly improve the operational properties of quartz fibers. The research was conducted to determine the crack resistance, strength and dynamic fatigue of optical fibers without any coating and with copper coatings. The microhardness of quartz fibers was measured by the diamond indentation of end surfaces. The stress intensity parameter K1cwas found from the A. Niihara semi-empirical dependence. The geometry of indentation and radial cracks was studied using a scanning electron microscope. The crack resistance of uncoated quartz turned out to be almost 3 times less as compared to the copper coating fiber, which is presumably due to the additive contribution of compressive stresses on fiber surfaces and quartz wetting with copper. Copper-coated optical fiber drawing increases the tensile strength, crack resistance and dynamic fatigue parameter, and it is the main resource for maintaining operation in the conditions of a statistical approach to structural strength. Comparative tests were conducted to check the optical fiber strength by two-point bending and axial tension methods. Experimental tests conducted to check the ultimate mechanical strength of quartz optical fibers showed a significant spread of data, which indicates the presence of cracks of various sizes in a brittle solid and is a characteristic feature of brittle fracture as suggested by the A. Griffiths theory. In addition, it was assumed that the chaotic distribution of defects and microcracks extends along the entire length of a brittle solid, a quartz optical fiber in this case. A statistical model based on the Weibull distribution was used to describe surface microcracks depending on the fiber length. As a result, Weibull graphs were plotted in coordinates connecting the probability of failure with the strength, fiber length and parameter describing the ultimate strength.
Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of MoAlB boride ceramics based on MAB-phase
Authors: Potanin A. Yu. , Bashkirov E. A. , Pogozhev Yu. S. , Kovalev D. Yu. , Kochetov N. A. , Loginov P. A. , Levashov E. A.
Published: January 2023

This study focuses on the combustion kinetics and mechanisms of reaction mixtures in the Mo–Al–B ternary system taken so that the MoAlB MAB phase was formed. The effect of the initial temperature on the key combustion parameters was demonstrated. Reaction mixture preheating was found to weakly affect the maximum combustion temperature. The effective activation energy of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) was calculated. Phase diagrams in the Mo–Al–B system were built using the AFLOW and Materials Project databases. The phase composition and structure of the synthesized ceramics with MoAlB lamellar grains 0.4 μm thick and ~2–10 μm long as a main component were studied. The DXRD lines of MoB and Mo2B5 intermediate borides with their total content of ≤3 % were also identified. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy studies revealed that the Al2O3 phase was present in the intergranular pores. A sequence of chemical transformations in the combustion wave was studied, and a hypothesis about the structure formation mechanism was put forward. MoO2 and Al2O3 can be the primary phases during SHS, and the MoAlB phase is formed from the boron-containing aluminum–molybdenum melt. Submicron-sized MoB precipitates are formed in the post-combustion zone due to the partial oxidation of aluminum by the dispersion strengthening mechanism.
Oxidation kinetics and mechanism of nickel alloys
Authors: Aheiev M. I. , Sanin V. V. , Shvindina N. V. , Kaplanskii Yu. Yu. , Levashov E. A.
Published: January 2023

The study covers the effect of alloying elements on the kinetics and mechanism of oxidation at 1150 °С for 30 hours of heat-resistant nickel alloys obtained using such technologies as centrifugal SHS metallurgy (SHS(M)), vacuum induction melting (VIM), elemental synthesis (ES), hot isostatic pressing (HIP). A comparative analysis was carried out for alloys based on nickel monoaluminide and standard AZhK and EP741NP alloys. It was found that kinetic dependences are described mainly by parabolic approximation. The logarithmic law of oxidation with the rapid (within 3–4 hours) formation of the primary protective layer is typical for alloys doped with molybdenum and hafnium. In the case of AZhK and EP741NP, oxidation proceeds according to a parabolic law at the initial stage (2–3 hours), and then according to a linear mechanism with the voloxidation and complete destruction of samples. Oxygen and nitrogen diffusion proceeds predominantly along the nickel aluminide grain boundaries and it is limited by the Al2O3 + Cr2O3 + XnOm protective film formation. SHS(M) alloys feature by a positive effect of zirconium and tantalum added as dopants on heat resistance. The Ta2O5 phase is formed in the intergranular space, which reduces the rate and depth of oxidation. The zirconium-containing top layer Al2O3 + Zr5Al3O0.5 blocks the external diffusion of oxygen and nitrogen, thereby improving heat resistance. Doping with hafnium also has a positive effect on oxidation resistance and leads to the formation of submicron and nanosized HfO2 inclusions that suppress the grain boundary diffusion of oxygen. MoO3, Mo3O4, CoMoO4 volatile oxides are formed in alloys with a high content of molybdenum and compromise the protective layer integrity. A comparative analysis of the oxidation kinetics and mechanism for samples consisting of the base β-alloy with Cr + Co + Hf additives showed a significant effect on the heat resistance of the sample preparation method. As the proportion of impurity nitrogen decreases and the Cr2O3 sublayer is formed, the oxidation mechanism also changes.
Features of SHS of multicomponent carbides
Authors: Kochetov N. A. , Kovalev I. D.
Published: January 2023

Combustion of powders of transition metals of titanium PTS (average particle size 57 μm), zirconium PCRK-1 (12 μm), tantalum Ta PM-3 (8 μm), hafnium GFM-1 (4 μm), niobium NBP-1a (21 μm) with carbon black grade P-803 dispersion 1–2 μm was studied. The combustion process of the compressed samples (mass 2.5–6.9 g, height 1.2–1.7 cm, relative density 0.55–0.61) was performed in an inert argon medium at a pressure of 760 mmHg in the constant pressure chamber.  Combinations were studied, Me1 + Me2 + Me3 + Me4 + 4C, Me1 + Me2 + Me3 + Me4 + Me5 + 5C. XRD patterns of the mixtures were recorded on a DRON-3М diffractometer (CuKα-radiation). Combustion product sections were studied using a LEO 1450 VP scanning electron microscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany). The fractional composition and particle size distribution of the mixture were determined according to standard procedure using a Microsizer-201C laser particle size analyzer. Combustion velocity, elongation of samples, phase composition of products were determined. The maximum combustion temperature of the mixture (Ti + Hf + Zr + Nb + Ta) + 5C was measured experimentally for the first time. The morphology and microstructure of the reaction products were also observed. Combustion products of mixtures (Ti + Zr + Nb + Ta) + 4C and (Ti + Zr + Nb + Hf) + 4C contain high entropy carbides, which are solid solutions with the same structural type B1 (space group Fm-3m) and having different cell parameters. Product samples of mixtures (Ti + Zr ++ Hf + Ta) + 4C and (Ti + Hf + Zr + Nb + Ta) + 5C contain high entropy and medium entropy carbides, also representing solid solutions with the same structural type B1 (space group Fm-3m). The results of this work can be used in the production of high-entropy and medium-entropy multicomponent carbides.
Digitalization of Higher Education: Opportunities and Risks
Authors:   Institute of Sociology Federal Scientific Research Sociological Center RAS, Moscow, Semenov Evgeny , Sokolov Dmitry ,   Institute of Sociology Federal Scientific Research Sociological Center RAS, Moscow
Published: January 2023

The digitalization of higher education is an objectively necessary process caused by the market needs for specialists with digital competencies and state support. Digitalization of higher education opens both new opportunities and creates new risks. Opportunities are associated with greater accessibility and flexibility of education, as well as its integration into the global educational space. The risks are associated with a market orientation to momentary market demands, a decrease in the content and fundamental nature of education, the fragmentation of knowledge and the replacement of full-fledged socialization with simple training of the workforce. Digitalization makes education more accessible, flexible and global. At the same time, education becomes more fragmented, opportunistic, reducing socialization to the formation of a labor force. The digital university, with its focus on individual educational trajectories and distance learning, implies project-thinking and individual work of the student, who builds his own curriculum to a large extent. An urgent task is to find and test a balanced educational model that combines a holistic approach to knowledge acquisition with a modular structure that allows a high degree of student autonomy in choosing courses, directions and specializations. In more concrete terms, this means connecting the hierarchical structure of knowledge acquisition with horizontal specialization - in other words, expanding the opportunities available to students should be accompanied by their integration into a unified concept of higher education. The article proposes the contours of such a model for building a university: expanding the list of courses available to students through distance learning, and not all courses offered may be limited to the current year of study; reconceptualization of the mission of the university; synergetic interaction of various universities for the implementation of joint educational programs. For Russia, where digitalization is proceeding at a fairly high pace, the search for an optimal strategy for the development of digital universities in different regions is a difficult task that requires not only financial injections, but, above all, managerial flexibility at different levels.
Cultural Transformations of the Digital Age in the Context of Object-Oriented Ontology
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Morgunov Georgy , Khandogin Ruslan ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

The article highlights the main trends and factors of transforming the dominant cultural space at the present stage of information technologies development, accompanied by a permanent crisis in all spheres of public life. The subject of research is considered in the context of object-oriented ontology from the perspective of understanding the phenomenon of information culture, that, implementing to the space of modern culture, stimulates globalization and heterogeneity, forming ‘cyberspace’ territory that determines heteropolar dynamics of cultural transformation vectors: those which are created by a person, and those which are socially dangerous. The authors interpret the problems of transformations and risks of the formation of the information society cultural space as a dilemma of technologies (regulations) and value meanings of creating culture as a reality of human existence. The article notes the position of object-oriented philosophy and speculative realism in the problem field of philosophical thought and in the theoretical understanding of the socio-cultural aspects of contemporary digital space. The paper also focuses on fixation and comprehension of real and sensory objects as simulacra, foundations and origins of simulation in digital and non-digital cultural space and applications of certain social practices. Cultural space in a rapidly developing information technology society is fundamentally changing its axiological, cognitive and regulative coordinates. In conclusion, we systematize important factors of cultural transformations considered in the paper, and associated with the object-oriented comprehension of new variable possibilities of information and communication technologies in a digital society: interactivity of networks, virtualization of reality, ontologization and objectification of medial constructions of the image of the world, “cyber-performatization” of society, the dominance of digital mass culture, as well as challenges to man, new forms of alienations manifested in the location of the ‘interactive infosphere’ of cultural space.
The Moral Environment of Scientific Management
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher «Rybinsk State Aviation Technical University", Sidorov Leonid ,   , Yaroslavl Region, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the philosophical problem of the formation of the moral environment of scientific management. The absolutization of the technocratic, bureaucratic approach to scientific management is criticized. The author introduces the concepts of ‘moral environment of scientific management’, ‘inspiratory management’. The moral environment of scientific management is studied on the basis of dialectical, synergetic methods. In the historical and philosophical context, ideas about higher values as the spiritual basis of scientific management are considered. Based on the concept of psychoenergetics by A. A. Bogdanov, the SMD methodology of G. P. Shchedrovitsky, the ideas of existential management by I. Nonaka, enlightened management by A. Maslow, the necessity of purposeful formation of the moral environment of scientific management in the process of communication in the system ‘man - society – organization’ is substantiated. The author notes that inspirational management as inspiration by higher meanings in the process of communication forms the moral environment of scientific management. The moral environment of scientific management is a metasystem that creates the conditions for the progressive development of society on the basis of the moral improvement of man, the development of his capabilities. The moral environment of scientific management orients a scientist towards the pursuit of truth, the labor meaning of life, professional development, civic activity, moral meanings. The author states that it is necessary to form a team of like-minded people, the collective subject of scientific management can be characterized as a learning organization. The development of applied technologies imbued with the pathos of moral feeling is carried out. The moral environment of scientific management contributes to the popularization of scientific knowledge. The author comes to the conclusion that the basis of the moral environment of scientific management is a social idealized project, which includes rational and irrational elements of philosophy, science, religion, art, ideology. The modern social idealized project is based on the meritocratic project of the knowledge society, the moral ideal of a person - a professional and a citizen. The moral environment of scientific management, which includes symbolic media communications of knowledge, such as truth, the common good, knowledge, creates the basis for successful scientific management. In the absence of a unified moral environment for scientific management, the world community turns into an object of management by illegitimate structures of the global society. The moral environment of scientific management ensures the security of modern society.
Number in the Chinese Tradition and the Chinese “Naïve” Picture of the World
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Rubets Maria
Published: January 2023

The subject of the article is the numerical culture of China, the meaning of numbers in the traditional and modern Chinese culture. When investigating issues related to intercultural philosophy, we should remember about the bearers of a certain traditional philosophy - people who grew up in a specific cultural and historical environment, who absorbed certain cultural, philosophical and worldview attitudes, manifested in everyday household traditions and views. One of the most important elements of Chinese everyday traditions is numbers, which, except for the division into even-odd (yin/yang), each have their own symbolic meaning, reflected in customs, holidays, gifts, interiors, etc. The study of cultural and philosophical roots of these phenomena will allow us to form a wider angle of view on Chinese rationality. Materials related to the traditional understanding of numbers associated with the Lo Shu square were studied, in particular, the numeric expression of ideas about the universe. Also, we considered some features of Chinese traditional architecture that reflect these representations, superstitions and some details of everyday life associated with numbers, folk holidays and important dates that arose in connection with the ordinary and traditional perception of numbers. An attempt has been made to trace intracultural worldview and linguistic connotations. It is shown that the traditional ‘numerical’ worldview is still manifested in areas related to aspects typical of Chinese culture - everyday life, arrangement of space (including feng shui), traditional medicine, etc. The belief of the Chinese in the magic of numbers is still quite strong. In some cases, the socialization of ancient texts has taken place, and we see how traditions cement the social space. It can be concluded that the modern everyday understanding of numbers among the Chinese, on which modern signs and customs are based, is closely connected with emotional perception, associative thinking, as a special kind of rationality, which can also be described as the rationality of everyday life.
Unobvious Evidence. From the Mystery of Authorship to the Clarification of Meaning
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Burgete Ayala Marina
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to a specific ‘riddle’ - the authorship of the work published in 1587 in Madrid: “New Philosophy of Human Nature. Neither Known to nor Attained by the Great Ancient Philosophers, Which Will Improve Human Life and Health”. The author of the work - Oliva Sabuco - under this name it became known, and has been repeatedly reprinted. The innovative idea of the work consisted in the statement that a person, having understood his nature, will be able to find out the natural reasons why he lives and dies, or is ill and will be able to avoid an early or painful death and live happily until he reaches a natural, pain-free death from old age. Sabuko’s proposed physiological justification of the dependence of human health on feelings, emotions and passions correlates with the methodological direction of modern medicine focused on psychosomatics. In 1903 archival documents were found and made public, according to which the author is not Oliva Sabuco, but her father, Miguel Sabuco. For more than a hundred years the dispute about the authorship of this work has been going on. The semantic and content analysis of the text and its correlation with the reconstructed cultural and temporal reality allows us to solve the question in a new way not only about its creator, but also provides material for generalizations of a philosophical nature. The return to the historical-philosophical and historical-scientific circulation of the ideas and discoveries of many forgotten thinkers will help in debunking some ‘obvious’, familiar truths and facts that have turned into prejudices of scientific and mass consciousness.
A Man must belong to Himself (interview with Pavel D. Tishchenko)
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Tishhenko Pavel
Published: January 2023

The interview discusses a number of critical issues related to those social and technological transformations that are radically changing the way people think about their place within the state and amongst other people, and that have created the need for such a line of thought and action as bioethics. The discussion begins with the problem of just access to medical care, which turns out to be tied to the position that the individual occupied during the Soviet era, when in fact his physical body belonged to the State, when his subjectivity also belonged to the State, and his values and interests were represented by the doctor. The moral formula for the patient's actions was medical paternalism, represented by the doctrine of medical deontology. The task of the present time is the formation of autonomy of personality, the ability to realize oneself, where subjectivity is formed as a response to the demands imposed by various biomedical and bioethical practices. The core of this subjectivity is encapsulated in the concept of autonomy, and the rule of free and informed consent is its practical implementation. These questions are rooted in the problem of dignity, which, in turn, is deeply connected to the familiar model of the “other,” in which the doctor, when prescribing treatment, prescribes it not to this particular person, but to a generalized person. The task of philosophical criticism is discussed, which consists in diagnosing the zones of the most glaring discrepancy between our knowledge, skills, moral and legal norms, and philosophical understandings of the new reality. This diagnosis influences the formation of philosophical anthropology of B.G. Yudin, which interprets the borders of the human in human being’ consciousness as “zones of phase transitions”. The idea of transition from a dialogue to a conversation is discussed. Unlike dialogue, conversation is originally multipolar, intermittent and nonlinear, and problemocentric. Ultimately, this leads to the question of the meaningfulness of life in general, which, according to Aristotle, is the highest form of human existence.
The impact of corruption on the performance of Islamic banking in the United Arab Emirates: empirical evidence by using static panel analysis
Authors: Ali Omar Salim
Published: January 2023

Purpose- The major objective of this paper was to scrutinize the impact of corruption control on Islamic banking performance in the United Arab Emirates. So the performance of Islamic banks was determined by the profitability as a specific objective of this study.
Methodology- Panel data was grounded on quantitative analysis applied. Also, the study collects data from secondary sources from 2000 up to 2019. The sample of this paper comprised a total of 18 banks that were selected in the UAE. Data were collected from the World Bank data set and annual financial reports for each selected bank. The study analyzed the data based on descriptive statistic, correlation matrix, and static models which includes pooled OLS model, random effect, and fixed effect to achieve the study objective. So, results were presented in the form of tables for descriptive analyses of the key variables applied, correlation as well as static models. The static model that was applied for this study provides the uniqueness of this paper because most of the previous corresponding studies did not employ a static model but used a dynamic model especially the Generalized Method of moment (GMM). So, the originality of this study firstly, it is the earliest study that used a static model, and secondly, this study may be the first to look at the impact of corruption control on Islamic bank's profitability. This is because most of the study is based on the impact of corruption and not corruption control like this study.
Findings – The findings have shown that corruption control and bank profitability have a statistical correlation relationship and its coefficient revealed a positive association which indicates that in the UAE control of corruption would increase the profitability of Islamic banks. The discussions of the findings show that some previous studies are consistence with the study while others are inconsistent. The results of this implied that the Islamic bank flourish and benefit from the corruption-controlling strategies that existed in UAE.
Conclusion – The study recommends that in UAE and other countries the zero-tolerance policy for corruption mitigation and eradication is a perfect way, efforts should take and should be achievable right now. So alternative way to expression at this is in terms of Islamic finance should not tolerate non-Shariah compliant elements and any element of the practice of corruption. So, the strong practice of corruption in the Muslim states and non-Muslim states hinders the progress of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs). From these results, Islamic finance should insist on the application of its principles for every Industry that offers Islamic finance products and services.
Impact of climate change on BIST 30 index using VAR model
Authors: Muddasir Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Purpose- Global warming has caused an increase in the frequency and severity of extreme weather events in many parts of the world, including Turkey, over the past several decades. This study examines the effects of weather disasters on the Borsa Istanbul stock market from 2009 to 2019 using the BIST 30 Index.
Methodology- In the study, the short–term relationship between the Borsa Istanbul Stock Exchange (BIST30) index and climate change for the period January 2009 – December 2019 was analyzed using the VAR model, and Granger causality test, effect-response test and variance Decoupling tests were applied, respectively. In climate change we take 2 variable which are temperature and precipitation.
Findings – The impact of weather-related calamities on stock market volatility and returns has been found to be insignificant. BIST30 index has no effect of climate change and vice versa. A one-way relationship found between Temperature and the precipitation, and a short-term positive effect-response was found between these variables.
Conclusion – In conclusion we can say that climate change is one of the harsh reality which starts in recent years, and we can’t ignore it. It has been determined that the BIST 30 index has not been impacted by climate change in Turkey. which mean 30 best performance companies but maybe it affects small companies and big stock exchanges like Nasdaq, FTSE, and others.
A wage-led or profit-ledge demand regime: the case of Jordan (1990-20220)
Authors: Omet Farah , Ozcam Ahmet
Published: January 2023

Purpose- Recently, the Jordanian economy has been finding it increasingly challenging to create sufficient job opportunities and absorb the new labor market entrants and hence, reduce unemployment. The economy must achieve healthy and persistent economic growth. Within this context, this paper looks at the relationship between income distribution of labor and capital on economic growth. In other words, the overall purpose of this paper is to examine whether the Jordanian economy is profit-led or wage-led.
Methodology- To examine the functional distribution of income in Jordan, the paper uses the period 1990-2020 (annual data) and time series techniques including stationarity test, lag length selection criteria, and augmented autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test for cointegration.
Findings- Based on the period 1990 –2020, the results indicate that the demand regime in Jordan is wage-led and not profit-led. In more specific terms, a one-percentage-point increase in the profit share decreases output by 0.08 percent.
Conclusion- To rise-up to the growth and unemployment challenges that face the Jordanian economy, the government would be well-advised if it ensures that nominal wages increase in line with inflation as well as productivity. In addition, the government should adopt a wage-led strategy that rests on labour market policies whose aims are to pre-distribute income (such as minimum wage and better education and health policies) and redistribute income through progressive taxes.
Determinants of the investments: a case study of Côte d Ivoire
Authors: Mohsen Adel Shakeeb
Published: January 2023

Purpose- Based on the importance of investments in supporting the economic growth in the country, the main objective of this study is to investigate the determinants of the investment in Cote d’Ivoire over the period 1980-2020. In order to achieve the objective, this study examines the interactive effect of external debt, communication infrastructures, imports and inflation on the investments in Cote d’Ivoire.
Methodology- Annual time series data over the period 1980-2020 were employed in this study. The data are obtained from the World Bank. The ADF unit root test, Johansen cointegration test, OLS model, Granger causality test, and CUSUM test were applied to analyze the data. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model has been used in this study to estimate the coefficient of the variables, and it has been subjected to a number of statistical diagnostic tests, namely, the normality, serial correlation, and heteroscedasticity tests to ascertain its statistical adequacy.
Findings- The ADF unit root test results indicated that all variables in the model are not stationary at the level but became stationary after first differencing. The Cointegration test pointed to a significant long-run relationship among the variables. Besides, the results of OLS model showed that investment is positively and significantly related with communication infrastructures, importing and inflation, but it is related negatively and insignificantly with external debt. Imports have the biggest effect on the investment. The Granger causality test shows that there are no short-run causality relationships between the variables. However, there are bidirectional long-run causality relationships between investment, external debt and importing, and unidirectional long-run causality relationships running from communication infrastructures and inflation to investment. Lastly, CUSUM test indicated that there are no structural changes in the model.
Conclusion- The study therefore recommends that the government should use external debt more efficiently, reduce corruption, improve the infrastructure and create an attractive investment climate, as well as reducing most tariff and nontariff barriers, which will support the investment in the country.
Did Walgreens and Rite Aid benefit from their 2017 deal
Authors: Bilbeisi Khamis M. , Narayanaswamy C.R.
Published: January 2023

Purpose- After several attempts that extended over two years, in 2017 the U.S. Federal Trade Commission approved Walgreens’ proposal to buy nearly half of Rite Aid stores. The two companies were in the same line of business making the merger fall in the category of horizontal mergers. The main benefits of horizontal mergers are cost savings from improved operational efficiency and superior bargaining power with respect to suppliers. Using annual financial statements, we examined the performance of Walgreens and Rite Aid over the four-year period since the acquisition of Rite Aid stores by Walgreens. The examination is useful because the Federal Trade Commission was not in favor of Walgreens’ earlier proposal to merge completely with Rite Aid, but later allowed it to buy almost half of Rite Aid stores. The present study examines whether the revised proposal benefitted both Walgreens and Rite Aid.
Methodology- We collected annual financial statement data of the two companies from Mergent database and analyzed the common size statements and the relevant financial ratios.
Findings- Analysis of profitability ratios indicate profit margins (gross as well as net) continued to decrease for both companies even after the acquisition. Both companies showed improved operational effeciency as reflected in Inventory turnover and employee productivity, but Walgreens had a superior performance.
Conclusion- Only four years have passed since Walgreens acquired Rite Aid stores. Our analysis of the limited data indicates that Walgreen seems to have benefitted more from the deal. Rite Aid, by selling about 46% of its stores to Walgreens in 2017, became a much smaller company. The smaller size did not affect the cost of inventory or financing, but its profitability did not improve.
Unsustainable supply chain of sustainable food companies
Authors: Kaya Ahmet , Acar A. Zafer
Published: January 2023

Purpose - This study aims to investigate the sustainable food companies within the scope of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). It also aims to reveal what are the challenges food companies face in their sustainable supply chains. In addition, it is aimed to show which points should be focused on in sustainable supply chain management.
Methodology - For this purpose, sustainability pages on the corporate website of 30 food companies operating in Turkey were analyzed with content analysis by adopting a qualitative research paradigm and an interpretive framework. While analyzing the contents, first of all, it was investigated at which dimensions the food companies attach importance to in the Triple Bottom Line approach. Secondly, the elements that food companies pay attention to while they integrate the supply chain into their sustainability practices were examined. Lastly, it was analyzed in which dimension of the sustainable supply chain management the food companies are located.
Findings - The findings of the study indicated that 23 of the food companies were found to be sustainable businesses according to the Triple Bottom Line approach. However, it was demonstrated that the same companies could not provide sustainability in supply chain management. In this sense, it was understood that one of the biggest reasons for this is that companies ignore the concept of “risk management”.
Conclusion - As a result, the points that food companies have difficulty in sustainable supply chain management have been revealed. With this study, practical contributions were provided to the companies in terms of enabling them to evaluate themselves on this issue. In addition to this, the study also contributes to the field by building on the studies investigating sustainable supply chain management and providing a different perspective with the investigation of the issue from a TBL approach
Anotaciones sobre la ubicación de Santa María de la antigua del Darien
Authors: Arcila Vélez Graciliano
Published: January 2023

Con la terminación de la carretera al mar entre Medellín y Turbo, la capital de la república queda en comunicación directa con el caribe a través del departamento de Antioquia; en consecuencia ha crecido el interés nacional por el conocimiento de la región de Urabá; el factor humano y las riquezas naturales entran en conjunción para dejar un saldo benéfico al país; la ambición natural de los que quieren explotar la tierra pretenden arrancarle a ella, todo lo que de suyo pueda dar para satisfacción material y espiritual. Gran parte del interés del pueblo antioqueño se orienta hacia Urabá y consecuentemente con este sentimiento común, se quiere igualmente conocer el sentido de este comportamiento geográfico de Colombia que ha tenido su función dentro de la vida nacional. Todo el perímetro costanero del golfo de Urabá está sembrado de historia y en estas tierras se han cumplido hechos prehistóricos de gran significación dentro de los contactos culturales en el desarrollo de la población indígena americana.
Informe acerca de una excursión botánica realizada en el municipio de Anolaima(Cundinamarca)
Authors: Daniel H.
Published: January 2023

Los ejemplares coleccionados en el transcurso de esta exploración han sido debidamente catalogados y ordenados en el herbario del colegio San José. Duplicados de la gran mayoría han sido depositados en el Herbario Nacional de Bogotá actualmente bajo la dirección del ilustrado botánico R.P. Lorenzo Uribe S. J.La colección de plantas fue hecha por R. H. Augusto en compañía del suscrito;al R. H. Augusto se debe una buena parte del éxito de la de la excursión debido a sus cualidades científicas y de incansable explorador, profesor en esos días del colegio de San José, lo es actualmente del Colegio Pío XII de Salamina
Aspectos sobre el folklore
Authors: Rodríguez Mira Pedro
Published: January 2023

Del libro inédito "Coplas y trovas y cantares", del doctor Pedro Rodríguez Mira
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Gold Mineralization at Southern part of Ulu Sokor Gold Deposit, Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Yusoff Ahmad Fauzan , Abdul Aziz Jasmi Hafiz , Roselee Muhammad Hatta
Published: January 2023

The Ulu Sokor gold deposit is classified as orogenic type deposit with evidence from previous studies on the structural, mineralogical, alteration, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope data. This study focuses on the mineralogy and geochemical analysis of representative ore rock samples from southern part of Ulu Sokor gold deposits. The project area is situated at the North of Kelantan state which lies on the Central Belt of Peninsular Malaysia. The main objective of this research is to determine the gold mineralization enrichment pattern relative to other trace elements based on the new data of mineralogy and geochemical analysis. Gold mineralization is primarily hosted in structurally controlled quartz vein which occurs in various degrees of ductile-brittle environment. Based on the field relationships, ore microscopy and geochemical data analysis, there are two main gold mineralization type in the southern part of Ulu Sokor gold deposit, namely (1) Gold associated and as inclusions in bismuthinite based on the mineralogy study, and (2) Refractory gold occurs as lattice bound in pyrite based on the Au/As molar ratio. In terms of mineral exploration and gold prospecting, the significant enrichment in this study area is Bi. However, some other metals can also be considered as a significant value in this area such as Pb, As, Cu and Zn. From the bulk ore chemistry, the geometric mean values of Au and Bi are 1.9 ppm Au (n=23) and 96 ppm Bi (n=22), respectively. The knowledge base for bismuth minerals in Malaysia would provide a significant targeting clue for the gold mineralization.
Evaluating the Tropical Reservoir Health by using the Index of Biotic Integrity as a Management Tool for Resource Conservation Planning
Authors: Chai Xeai Li , Rohasliney H. , Kamaruddin I.S.
Published: January 2023

Biotic Integrity index (IBI) is widely utilized for biomonitoring in aquatic ecosystems, especially in assessing aquatic ecosystem health worldwide. Environmental changes significantly impact the aquatic ecosystem’s health of Subang Reservoir, which consequently affects the aquatic biodiversity. This study was conducted to determine its ecosystem’s health by assessing the IBI of freshwater fish in Subang Reservoir. In this study, thirty-four metrics were firstly selected as candidate metrics, and later, these thirty-four metrics underwent several statistical tests such as range, responsiveness, redundancy, and metrics scoring to screen and select the most appropriate metrics. A final eight metrics were selected after the statistical analysis, and a total score of 24 indicated that the Subang Reservoir’s ecosystem shows some stress due to an imbalanced fish guild. This showed that the ecosystem’s health of Subang Reservoir is in fair condition. This is because of the limitation of fish entering Subang Reservoir. The implementation of biomonitoring can be improved by modifying and selecting the most appropriate techniques, and the usage of biomonitoring can be increased in Malaysia’s freshwater ecosystems. The result reported in this study can be used as a scientific base data for implementing biomonitoring.
The Anti-Tumor Effect of Zinc on Renal Cell Carcinoma by Enhancing Autophagy
Authors: Yu Zhihai , Wu Shaobo , Zhao Qiurong , Guo Yaochuan , Liu Hengchuan , Xiao Huang
Published: January 2023

Renal cell carcinoma remains one of the most common malignant tumorsand is associated with significant challenges in drug therapy. Zinc has been reported to be of pharmacological importance and immense potential in the inhibition of renal cell carcinoma cells. In order to investigate the inhibitory effect of zinc on the human renal cell carcinoma cell line A498, its anti-proliferative activity was investigated using the CCK8 assay. The oxidative stress status and mitochondrial injury were detected by DCFH-DA and JC-1 staining, respectively. The expression of autophagy-related proteins was determined by western blot analysis, which aimed at exploring the antioxidant mechanisms of zinc. Over 40% yield of ROS and more than four times the number of autophagosomes were detected in the experimental group treated by zinc compared to the control group. Furthermore, zinc led to up-regulation of the Beclin 1-related signaling pathway in the late stage of autophagy degradation. Zinc demonstrated a good inhibitory effect on A498 cells with the value of IC50similar to the values of natural products. One of the mechanisms of zinc is enhancing the Beclin 1-dependent autophagy. Taken together, with its low cost and natural properties, zinc could become a promising molecule with satisfied anti-tumor effect and low cost in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.