bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Community engagement in Genomics research; Challenges and lessons learnt in the AWI-Gen study at Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) Site, South Africa
Authors: Mashinya Felistas , Alberts Marianne , Mashaba Reneilwe G. , Tindana Paulina O.
Published: August 2020

As health research often requires consent from participants and permission from community gate keepers, community engagement is considered an integral process of health research. Community engagement is also important in building trust between the research team and participants, gathering information on the needs and expectations of the community with respect to the project and present the community with an opportunity to gain more information on the goals of the research. Although there are published guidelines on how to conduct community engagement activities, the concept itself and the way in which it is put into practice is highly contextual. In this paper we reflect on the community engagement strategy used in the AWI-Gen Phase 1 study at the Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System (Dikgale HDSS) site, the challenges encountered throughout the research process and the lessons learnt. Lastly, we highlight possible improvements to the CE strategic framework for AWI-Gen Phase 2 in Dikgale HDSS that may enhance the participation of the community.
Cytotoxic effects of manganese oxide nanoparticles in combination with microbial components on intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Fredericks Jorrell , Senapati Sujata , Wannemuehler Michael J.
Published: August 2020

Background: Manganese oxide has been shown to cause toxicity and is associated with occupational-related disease (e.g., welders). With the goal to improve several biomedical areas, manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO NP) are being considered for use in drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to obtain high resolution anatomical images of tumors and gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation. Regardless of whether it is intentional or unintentional ingestion, the GI tract has been shown to be the primary route of entry for metal nanoparticles including MnO NP. However, studies assessing toxicity of MnO NP for intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are virtually nonexistent.

Methods: Given the proximity to the GI lumen, assessing the effects of nanoparticles on IECs in the presence of bacterial components presents a more holistic model of exposure. Therefore, we examined the effects of MnO NP alone and MnO NP in combination with Escherichia coli LF82 bacterial lysate on selected functions of MODE-K cells, a murine intestinal epithelial cell line. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Differences with p < 0.05 were considered significant.

Results: Results showed MnO NP plus E. coli LF82 lysate added to MODE-K cells severely inhibited monolayer scratch wound healing, enhanced the secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6), and induced mitochondrial dysfunction.

Conclusions: Overall, our findings show that toxicity of MnO NP deleteriously affected MODE-K cells and demonstrated the necessity to integrate other environmental factors, such as microbial components and/or inflammatory cytokines, into studies assessing effects of nanoparticles on mucosal epithelia.
Multistage Stochastic Power Generation Scheduling Co-Optimizing Energy and Ancillary Services
Authors: Huang Jianqiu , Pan Kai , Guan Yongpei
Published: August 2020

With the increasing penetration of intermittent renewable energy and fluctuating electricity loads, power system operators are facing significant challenges in maintaining system load balance and reliability. In addition to traditional energy markets that are designed to balance power generation and load, ancillary service markets have been recently introduced to help manage the considerable uncertainty by reserving certain generation capacities against unexpected events. In this paper, we develop a multistage stochastic optimization model for system operators to efficiently schedule power-generation assets to co-optimize power generation and regulation reserve service (a critical ancillary service product) under uncertainty. In addition, to improve the computational efficiency of the proposed multistage stochastic integer program, we explore its polyhedral structure by investigating physical characteristics of individual generators, the system-wide requirements that couple all of the generators, and the scenario tree structure for our proposed multistage model. We start with the single-generator polytope and provide convex hull descriptions for the two-period case under different parameter settings. We then provide several families of multiperiod strong valid inequalities linking different scenarios and covering decision variables that represent both power generation and regulation reserve amounts. We further extend our study by exploring the multigenerator polytope and derive strong valid inequalities linking different generators and covering multiple periods. To enhance computational performance, polynomial-time separation algorithms are developed for the exponential number of inequalities. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of our proposed strong valid inequalities by applying them as user cuts under the branch-and-cut scheme to solve multistage stochastic network-constrained power generation scheduling problems.
Approximate Markov-Nash Equilibria for Discrete-Time Risk-Sensitive Mean-Field Games
Authors: Saldi Naci , Başar Tamer , Raginsky Maxim
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we study a class of discrete-time mean-field games under the infinite-horizon risk-sensitive optimality criterion. Risk sensitivity is introduced for each agent (player) via an exponential utility function. In this game model, each agent is coupled with the rest of the population through the empirical distribution of the states, which affects both the agent’s individual cost and its state dynamics. Under mild assumptions, we establish the existence of a mean-field equilibrium in the infinite-population limit as the number of agents (N) goes to infinity, and we then show that the policy obtained from the mean-field equilibrium constitutes an approximate Nash equilibrium when N is sufficiently large.
GEOTECNOLOGIA APLICADA À GESTÃO DE PROGRAMAS DE PAGAMENTO DE SERVIÇOS AMBIENTAIS: O CASO DE RIO CLARO, RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Improta Flávio Muller , Libório Matheus Pereira , Alves Diego Filipe Cordeiro , Laudares Sandro
Published: August 2020

Explora-se nessa pesquisa o desenvolvimento de uma geotecnologia de geovisualização para monitorar propriedades participantes de um programa de Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA). A literatura revela uma ampla aplicação de geotecnologias na área ambiental, e que esse meio informacional é caracterizado pelo seu baixo custo, facilidade de uso e interatividade. Por sua vez, os PSAs vêm se difundindo pelo Brasil, sendo caracterizados como uma abordagem de preservação ambiental baseada em incentivos. Essa pesquisa trata o problema do monitoramento das propriedades do programa Produtor de Água e Floresta (PAF) de Rio Claro-RJ. Ou seja, a comprovação dos serviços ecossistêmicos prestados, e suas respectivas compensações financeiras. Os resultados mostram que a geotecnologia do PAF permite a inserção e a troca de informações entre participantes e gestores públicos, e uma gestão o monitoramento mais eficiente do programa. Os resultados mostram ainda que o PAF é amplamente conhecido (52% dos entrevistados) pelos munícipes, e que a geotecnologia do PAF tem o potencial de ampliar esse percentual dado que as geotecnologias são um meio de inclusão. A inclusão de participantes, gestores públicos e munícipes no domínio dos mapas digitais representa uma contribuição para a difusão e aprimoramento do PAF e da própria geografia.
PANORAMA HISTÓRICO DOS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS EM CACHOEIRAS DE MACACU: A FACE DOS ANOS 2011 A 2013
Authors: Garcia Lisia Cristina Vieira , Portugal Anderson Dos Santos
Published: August 2020

A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos estabelece uma ordem de prioridade para o gerenciamento dos resíduos: não geração, redução, reutilização, reciclagem, tratamento dos resíduos e disposição final ambientalmente adequada dos rejeitos. Este trabalho traz um levantamento dos resíduos sólidos gerados no município de Cachoeiras de Macacu nos períodos de 2011 a 2013. Os dados e documentos foram disponibilizados pela Fundação Macatur e da Secretaria Municipal do Ambiente. De acordo com o Plano Municipal de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos, os serviços públicos de limpeza urbana prestados em Cachoeiras de Macacu, se caracterizam por: coleta domiciliar; coleta de resíduos sólidos dos serviços de saúde; coleta de resíduos sólidos de construção e demolição; coleta seletiva; serviços de poda de árvores e capina e varrição em logradouros públicos; coleta de pneumáticos; coleta de óleo vegetal usado; coleta de embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos; coleta de pilhas, baterias e eletroeletrônicos. A quantidade de resíduos sólidos coletados no município de Cachoeiras de Macacu é de cerca de 34,7 toneladas por dia. Há aumento no número de domicílios e demografia no município e de 2011 a 2013 mesmo com projetos que indicam planejamento para a contratação de serviços públicos de coleta domiciliar de resíduos sólidos urbanos estes se mostram não abrangentes e escassos a população. Este tipo de trabalho é necessário, pois somente com levantamentos dos problemas que envolvem a temática, é possível se estabelecer prioridades para o melhor bem estar da população.
RATZEL E A GEOPOLÍTICA DAS POTENCIALIDADES
Authors: Lima Wendell Teles , De Oliveira Ana Maria Libório , Da Silva Iatiçara Oliveira , De Souza Sebastião Perez
Published: August 2020

A Geopolítica é um importante campo de estudo que foi a partir dos anos estigmatizado de 1940 e estendendo-se aos anos de 1970 com o movimento de renovação, a estigmatização desse conhecimento começa com as críticas à Friedrich Ratzel, uma ascensão da Alemão e a busca de uma hegemonia na Europa. O geógrafo alemão foi grande contribuinte para constituição da análise espacial e seus elementos estruturadores, saindo do viés naturalizante de sua época e, tendo como ponto de vista a preocupação com poder, potencialidades existentes no território e as projeções dos Estados. Os recursos físicos foram fundamentais na constituição do poder nos Estados e no desenvolvimento das teorias geopolíticas. Este artigo teve como objetivo apresentar como se encontra nos dias atuais a configuração territorial e, seus elementos naturais ainda são pertinentes na análise do território para a geopolítica, tendo a pesquisa bibliográfica indicando a importância dessa análise. O desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa ocorreu em função de demonstrar que a análise geopolítica é importante para a compreensão dos territórios estatais que é nosso foco. Objetivando pontuar a importância da configuração geográfica, dos elementos naturais nas formas projetivas dos territórios e da longevidade das ideias ratzelianas fundamentais nos dias atuais e na geopolítica.
ANÁLISE DO MODELO DIGITAL DE ALTURA DERIVADO DE PERFILAMENTO LIDAR EM RELEVO MONTANHOSO
Authors: Mose Ferreira Letícia Da Cunha , Francisco Cristiane Nunes , Fernandes Pedro José Farias
Published: August 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo elaborar o Modelo Digital de Altura (MDA), através dos modelos gerados por interpolação dos dados provenientes de perfilamento LIDAR para, assim, verificar o desempenho do MDA na distribuição espacial da altura da vegetação em relação à topografia de uma área com relevo acidentado. A área de estudo está inserida na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Jacaré, Niterói, RJ, e apresenta 163 ha e amplitude altimétrica de 400 m, coberta por fragmentos florestais em diversos estágios de regeneração. O sensor ALS-60, com comprimento de onda do feixe de1.064 nm, obteve cinco pontos por metro quadrado com ângulo de varredura entre 10o e 15o para obtenção dos dados por perfilamento a laser no levantamento de Niterói. Com base neste conjunto de dados, foram gerados os Modelo Digital de Superfície (MDS) e o Modelo Digital de Terreno (MDT), com 50 cm de resolução espacial, através do interpolador Inverso da Distância Ponderada (IDP) e, a seguir, o MDA foi gerado pela diferença entre estes dois modelos. Os resultados obtidos no MDA demonstraram que nas áreas com relevo suave e menor altitude, a altura dos alvos é menor, enquanto que, com o aumento da altitude e declividade, a altura dos alvos aumenta, no entanto na classe de maior altitude e relevo escarpado, a altura da vegetação volta diminuir, demonstrando que o MDA apresentam um padrão de distribuição espacial aliado à topografia. No entanto, a análise de correlação indicou que não há dependência estatística entre eles, o que demonstra o potencial dos dados da tecnologia LIDAR na estimativa das alturas da cobertura da vegetação.
VET Realignment and the Development of Technical Elites: Learning at Work in England
Authors: Esmond Bill , Atkins Liz
Published: August 2020

Context: An enhanced role for work-based learning is advocated increasingly widely across industrialised countries and by international Vocational Education and Training (VET) policies. However, this is framed differently in each country by long-term policy orientations that reflect VET’s relationship with wider economic and social formations. These national differences reflect path dependency but also distinctive responses to contemporary challenges such as globalisation. In England, recent reforms strengthening workplace learning are constrained by existing patterns of skill formation and may be shaped by further market liberalisation and divergence from social and economic policies in Europe. Approach: The study examined the relationship between greater emphasis on workplace learning in England and societal change, addressing the research question: how are early experiences of work in England, as part of young people’s full-time education programmes, positioning them for future employment? Case studies were organised around apparently distinctive placement types that had emerged from earlier studies. Using the constant comparative method, the team identified a series of categories to distinguish the way each type of work-based learning positioned students in a particular type of labour market transition.Findings: Evidence emerged of divergence in England’s "further education" system, across mainly male "technical" routes, young people on vocational courses preparing them for routine, low-skilled, precarious employment, and an area of greater uncertainty preparing young people for digital routes linked to the "new economy". Key dimensions of difference included study locations, discourses of occupational status, types of valued learning content, approaches to socialisation, sources of expertise and processes of credentialisation. In each case, learning at work served to position students for a particular type of labour market transition, which we characterise as technical elite formation, welfare VET and new economy precarity.Conclusion: Approaches to workplace learning in England already reflect social distinctions but entail the possibility of reinforcing these, supporting a more hierarchical pattern of labour market transition. Whilst the upper strata of VET shift their purpose to support the formation of new "technical elites", others face the possibility of further marginalisation. Such new inequalities could become central to a further fragmented society in a post-Brexit, post-COVID-19 Britain. Other European states facing challenges of globalisation and the transition to services are also likely to experience pressures for VET stratification, although they may seek less divisive solutions.
Freeform reflector antenna design method to improve transmission efficiency and control output intensity distribution
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Jiang Ping , Yang Huajun , Caiyang Weinan , Cao Biao , Niu Ye , Wang Mingjie
Published: August 2020

In this paper, a reflector antenna design method is proposed to improve transmission efficiency and control output intensity distribution. Primary and secondary mirrors are constructed segment by segment using a numerical method according to the law of energy conservation, the vector theory of reflection, and Fermat’s principle that the optical path length of each ray must be equal. To verify the effectiveness and practicability of this method, an example of an antenna with the prescribed intensity distribution of the output beam is given. The transmission efficiency of the antenna system designed by this method reaches 100% in theory. The effects of output intensity distribution and deviation on transmission efficiency were also analyzed. We believe that the results show that the proposed method is a highly efficient approach to the design of a freeform reflector antenna to improve transmission efficiency and control the output intensity distribution.
Optimization of linear signal processing in photon counting lidar using Poisson thinning
Authors: Hayman Matthew , Stillwell Robert A. , Spuler Scott M.
Published: August 2020

Photon counting lidar signals generally require smoothing to suppress random noise. While the process of reducing the resolution of the profile reduces random errors, it can also create systematic errors due to the smearing of high gradient signals. The balance between random and systematic errors is generally scene dependent and difficult to find, because errors caused by blurring are generally not analytically quantified. In this work, we introduce the use of Poisson thinning, which allows optimal selection of filter parameters for a particular scene based on quantitative evaluation criteria. Implementation of the optimization step is relatively simple and computationally inexpensive for most photon counting lidar processing.
High-speed 3D sensing via hybrid-mode imaging and guided upsampling
Authors: Gyongy Istvan , Hutchings Sam W. , Halimi Abderrahim , Tyler Max , Chan Susan , Zhu Feng , McLaughlin Stephen , Henderson Robert K. , Leach Jonathan
Published: August 2020

Imaging systems with temporal resolution play a vital role in a diverse range of scientific, industrial, and consumer applications, e.g., fluorescent lifetime imaging in microscopy and time-of-flight (ToF) depth sensing in autonomous vehicles. In recent years, single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays with picosecond timing capabilities have emerged as a key technology driving these systems forward. Here we report a high-speed 3D imaging system enabled by a state-of-the-art SPAD sensor used in a hybrid imaging mode that can perform multi-event histogramming. The hybrid imaging modality alternates between photon counting and timing frames at rates exceeding 1000 frames per second, enabling guided upscaling of depth data from a native resolution of

64
×
32

to

256
×
128

. The combination of hardware and processing allows us to demonstrate high-speed ToF 3D imaging in outdoor conditions and with low latency. The results indicate potential in a range of applications where real-time, high throughput data are necessary. One such example is improving the accuracy and speed of situational awareness in autonomous systems and robotics.
Cognitive Impairment Prevalence and Impact on Quality of Life for Patients after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Bendikaite Ruta , Vimantaite Renata
Published: August 2020

Cognitive impairment is a common complication after cardiac surgery. It complicates not only the patient’s recovery and return to normal life, but also has a negative impact on quality of life.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and its impact of quality of life for patients after cardiac surgery.
Results: Before cardiac surgery, mild cognitive impairment was determined to be 20.8 percent and moderate cognitive impairment was 3.3 percent. After surgery, mild cognitive impairment almost doubled to 46.1 percent and moderate cognitive impairment increased to 4.9 percent. Older age, lower education, smoking, and prolonged hospitalization before surgery impacts cognitive impairment. Postoperative cognitive impairment is influenced by older age, prolonged hospitalization before surgery, prolonged operation, mechanical ventilation, and duration of cardiopulmonary bypass. For patients without cognitive impairment before cardiac surgery, general health assessment improved the most without reduced vitality/viability. For patients whose cognitive impairment significantly improved physical activity, pain sensation, and general health assessment improved slightly.
Conclusions: Preoperative cognitive impairment was determined in 1/4 of our patients. Mild cognitive impairment after surgery was slightly increased. Older age, lower education, and prolonged hospitalization before surgery have an impact on cognitive impairment before and after surgery.
A Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor Upregulated KCNJ12 and KCNIP2 by Downregulating MicroRNA-29 in a Mouse Model of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhang Xiaojun , Liao Caixiu , Sun Kaijun , Liu Leiling , Xu Danyan
Published: August 2020

Background: Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors (sEHi) have anti-arrhythmic effects, and we previously found that the novel sEHi t-AUCB (trans-4[-4-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-cyclohexyloxy]-benzoic acid) significantly inhibited ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction (MI). However, the mechanism is unknown. It’s known that microRNA-29 (miR-29) participates in the occurrence of arrhythmias. In this study, we investigated whether sEHi t-AUCB was protective against ischemic arrhythmias by modulating miR-29 and its target genes KCNJ12 and KCNIP2.
Methods: Male 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups and fed distilled water only or distilled water with t-AUCB of different dosages for seven days. Then, the mice underwent MI or sham surgery. The ischemic region of the myocardium was obtained 24 hours after MI to detect miR-29, KCNJ12, and KCNIP2 mRNA expression levels via real-time PCR and KCNJ12 and KCNIP2 protein expression levels via western blotting.
Results: MiR-29 expression levels were significantly increased in the ischemic region of MI mouse hearts and the mRNA and protein expression levels of its target genes KCNJ12 and KCNIP2 were significantly decreased. T-AUCB prevented these changes dose-dependently.
Conclusion: The sEHi t-AUCB regulates the expression levels of miR-29 and its target genes KCNJ12 and KCNIP2, suggesting a possible mechanism for its potential therapeutic application in ischemic arrhythmia.
A Conserved Role for Vezatin Proteins in Cargo-Specific Regulation of Retrograde Axonal Transport
Authors: Spinner Michael A , Pinter Katherine , Drerup Catherine M , Herman Tory G
Published: August 2020

Vertebrate Vezatin is associated with the regulation of cell-cell junctions. A distantly-related¬Aspergillus¬protein, VezA, promotes dynein-dependent transport of endosomes within hyphae, but there has been no evidence.....
A Noncanonical Hippo Pathway Regulates Spindle Disassembly and Cytokinesis During Meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Paulissen Scott M , Hunt Cindy A , Seitz Brian C , Slubowski Christian J , Yu Yao , Mucelli Xheni , Truong Dang , Wallis Zoey , Nguyen Hung T , Newman-Toledo Shayla , Neiman Aaron M , Huang Linda S
Published: August 2020

Meiosis in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used to create haploid yeast spores from a diploid mother cell. During meiosis II, cytokinesis occurs by closure of the prospore membrane, a membrane that initiates at the spindle pole body and grows to surround each of the haploid meiotic products. Timely prospore membrane closure requires SPS1, which encodes an STE20 family GCKIII kinase. To identify genes that may activate SPS1, we utilized a histone phosphorylation defect of sps1 mutants to screen for genes with a similar phenotype and found that cdc15 shared this phenotype. CDC15 encodes a Hippo-like kinase that is part of the mitotic exit network. We find that Sps1 complexes with Cdc15, that Sps1 phosphorylation requires Cdc15, and that CDC15 is also required for timely prospore membrane closure. We also find that SPS1, like CDC15, is required for meiosis II spindle disassembly and sustained anaphase II release of Cdc14 in meiosis. However, the NDR-kinase complex encoded by DBF2/DBF20MOB1 which functions downstream of CDC15 in mitotic cells, does not appear to play a role in spindle disassembly, timely prospore membrane closure, or sustained anaphase II Cdc14 release. Taken together, our results suggest that the mitotic exit network is rewired for exit from meiosis II, such that SPS1 replaces the NDR-kinase complex downstream of CDC15.
Un acercamiento a la situación de la salud bucal en Uruguay
Authors: Piovesan Suárez Sylvia
Published: August 2020

El estado de salud bucal en Uruguay fue conocido luego del relevamiento nacional poblacional realizado entre 2010 y 2011. Las patologías más prevalentes detectadas fueron la caries y las paradenciopatias. Además, se estudió maloclusiones, pérdida dentaria y lesiones de la mucosa. La información se complementó con otros estudios epidemiológicos, como el realizado en relación con trastornos témporo mandibulares, que evidenció que la mitad de la población uruguaya presenta síntomas y/o signos vinculados con dicho desorden. El Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud, que funciona desde 2008, concentra efectores públicos y privados y ha intentado cumplir con un Programa Nacional de Salud Bucal. Brinda prevención, promoción y tratamiento de patologías orales de complejidad menor, por lo que quedan muchas prestaciones por fuera del sistema. La formación de recursos humanos es suficiente para cubrir las necesidades de la población, pero la odontología en general, y la especializada aún más, resultan muy costosas y no son accesibles a todos los que la precisan.
La óptima enseñanza en la formación de profesionales cirujano dentistas en el Perú en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Puerta Jarama Pedro Antonio
Published: August 2020

Sr. Editor.

A raíz de la pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19, las facultades de odontología en el Perú vienen adecuando y perfilando sus metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la formación profesional de los futuros cirujano dentistas.
Percepciones y factores asociados a la salud bucal y la atención odontológica en el periodo perinatal en las mujeres y sus bebés
Authors: Concha Sánchez Sonia Constanza , Almario Barrera Andrea Johanna , Pabón Ordoñez Hernando
Published: August 2020

Objetivo. Comprender los factores asociados a la salud bucal y la atención odontológica en el periodo perinatal en las mujeres y sus bebés. Métodos. Soportados en la teoría crítica y la salud colectiva, se realizó un estudio con abordaje cualitativo y cuantitativo. El cualitativo, sustentado en el interaccionismo simbólico, se hicieron entrevistas en profundidad sobre18 mujeres en postparto. En el cuantitativo mediante un estudio observacional de corte-transversal sobre 40 mujeres. Las variables explicativas y de salida se relacionaron mediante test de Chi2 para variables cualitativas y prueba t de Student para las cuantitativas. Resultados. En el cualitativo las mujeres dan importancia estética a la salud bucal, sin relacionarla con su salud general y del bebé; la atención odontológica es difícil durante el postparto y no la consideran importante para sus bebés. En el cuantitativo, 15% de las mujeres no asistieron a la consulta odontológica durante el embarazo, asociándose con el número de días de nacido del bebé. El 82,5% de las mujeres no asistieron durante el postparto, asociándose con régimen de afiliación en salud. El 72,5% de las mamás no percibía la necesidad de atención en sus bebés, asociándose a carecer de dinero para el transporte. Conclusiones. Los resultados indican la necesidad de promover mejores construcciones sobre salud bucal y atención odontológica en las mujeres evaluadas. Variables sociodemográficas, posición social, salud bucal de las mujeres se asociaron con inasistencia a la consulta odontológica durante el embarazo, el periodo postparto y la percepción de la madre de la necesidad de tratamiento del bebé.
Tannerella forsythia: patógeno importante en la periodontitis, integrante del complejo rojo
Authors: Ramos-Perfecto Donald
Published: August 2020

Dentro de los microorganismos que forman el complejo rojo, considerado por Socransky, se encuentran algunas bacterias agresivas, como la Tannerella forsythia, esta es un bacilo anaerobio estricto, presente en la enfermedad periodontal, debido a su factor de virulencia, y a su capacidad de subsistir en condiciones óptimas en la bolsa periodontal, esta a su vez estimula la activación de mediadores de la inflamación, que con la cronicidad de la enfermedad daña de manera progresiva el periodonto. Esta revisión resaltara los aspectos fundamentales de la bacteria, así como su participación en la patogénesis de la enfermedad periodontal.
Enfermedad de Rosai-Dorfman primario en maxilar; reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Vergara Gárate Valentina , Lillo Valdés Felipe , Carrasco Soto Rolando
Published: August 2020

La enfermedad de Rosai-Dorfman es una enfermedad benigna, poco frecuente, de etiología desconocida, reconocida ampliamente como una histiocitosis sinusal con linfadenopatía masiva. Afecta principalmente a niños y adultos jóvenes de descendencia africana y, si bien, su tratamiento no es claro el pronóstico suele ser favorable. Presentamos una manifestación clínica rara e inusual de tumor maxilar derecho unilateral en una mujer de 59 años diagnosticada con enfermedad de Rosai-Dorfman luego de un riguroso estudio clínico, imagenológico, histológico e inmunohistoquímico. El tratamiento con corticoides sistémicos y radioterapia resultó ser exitoso en este caso, sin embargo, se requieren más estudios para comprobar su efectividad para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad.
Entrevista al Dr. Eugenio Beltrán-Aguilar, Director Asociado del Centro Colaborador de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en la Universidad de Nueva York
Authors: Arana Sunohara Ana
Published: August 2020

Eugenio Beltrán-Aguilar comparte en esta entrevista su visión de lo avanzado en América Latina y los desafíos pendientes en materia de salud pública, investigación y desarrollo tecnológico en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Resalta la importancia de realizar estudios epidemiológicos e institucionalizar sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica que generen información actualizada y de calidad que sirva para dar sustento a las políticas públicas ante problemas persistentes como la caries dental y los nuevos desafíos como el cáncer orofaríngeo asociado a infección por el virus del papiloma humano (VPH). Analiza también el impacto de la pandemia en la enseñanza de la Odontología y la práctica odontológica, a la vez que señala rutas para avanzar en investigación y mejorar nuestro conocimiento sobre los posibles impactos de la pandemia en la población. Todo esto, en un contexto de debilitamiento de los organismos multilaterales de salud pública.
Estado nutricional, características de la vivienda y crianza de animales de traspatio como factores asociados a enteroparasitosis en niños
Authors: Serrano Ramos David Henry , Valderrama Pomé Aldo Alim
Published: August 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la asociación de la enteroparasitosis en niños en edad escolar del distrito de Santa María de Chicmo (Apurímac, Perú) con el estado nutricional, características de la vivienda y crianza de animales de traspatio. Se tomaron muestras coprológicas a 493 niños de 6-16 años, de ambos sexos y se visitaron sus viviendas para determinar sus características. La prevalencia de enteroparásitos fue de 82.4%, donde la mayor prevalencia correspondió a Entamoeba coli (59.6%), seguida de Ascaris lumbricoides (51.1%), Taenia sp con 33.3%. Otros parásitos presentaron prevalencias menores a 12%. La crianza de porcinos y pollos estuvo asociada a Taenia sp y E. vermicularis, respectivamente. Defecar a campo abierto, vivienda al borde de cultivos y al borde de acequias estuvieron asociados a E. vermicularis, H. nana y A. lumbricoides. El estado nutricional no estuvo asociado a la parasitosis en los escolares. Se concluye que las características de las viviendas y la crianza de animales de traspatio presentan características que favorecen la presentación de parasitismo intestinal en los niños del distrito de Santa María de Chicmo.
Frecuencia serológica de Ehrlichia canis en caninos sospechosos de ehrlichiosis en los distritos de Lima Norte, Perú
Authors: Cusicanqui S Juan , Zúñiga F. Renato
Published: August 2020

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la frecuencia serológica de Ehrlichia canis en pacientes caninos en la zona norte de Lima Metropolitana, Perú. Se utilizó la base de datos de un laboratorio de análisis clínicos, el cual recibe muestras de clínicas veterinarias de Lima Norte. Se tomaron los registros que tuvieran análisis contra E. canis durante el periodo 2014-2016 y además, aquellos con análisis de hemograma. Las muestras fueron analizadas con un kit comercial específico para E. canis. Se determinó la frecuencia serológica de E. canis y la asociación entre las variables sexo, edad y raza con los resultados a la prueba. Se halló una frecuencia de 59.4% (723/1216) de caninos positivos a ehrlichiosis. Se encontró asociación significativa de ehrlichiosis para los pacientes de raza mestiza y de edad mayor a 2 años. En perros adultos, aquellos positivos a la enfermedad presentaron valores menores de la serie roja, blanca y plaquetaria con respecto los perros negativos.
Bioacumulación por mercurio en peces y riesgo por ingesta en una comunidad nativa en la amazonia peruana
Authors: Panduro Grober , Rengifo Gian Carlos , Barreto Juan Luis , Arbaiza-Peña Kelsen , Iannacone José , Alvariño Lorena , Crnobrna Brian
Published: August 2020

El mercurio (Hg) es un metal pesado tóxico que provoca daños en el sistema nervioso central, altera el comportamiento humano y provoca impacto en la biota acuática. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la bioacumulación por Hg en peces y el riesgo por ingesta en una Comunidad Nativa (CN) en la amazonia peruana durante la estación seca y lluviosa. La CN Santa Rosa de Tamaya y Tipishca se encuentra en la cuenca baja del río Abujao. El estudio se realizó con 119 habitantes agrupados en 22 familias, con edades promedio de 9 y 38 años para niños y adultos, respectivamente. Los peces fueron colectados empleando principalmente redes de arrastre y fueron identificados siguiendo el procedimiento morfológico taxonómico estándar. El contenido de Hg en músculo de los peces se hizo mediante espectrometría de fluorescencia atómica. Los resultados muestran que las cuatro especies de mayor consumo por la CN fueron Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855) “Carachama” (Loricariidae), Prochilodus nigricans Spix y Agassiz, 1829 “Boquichico” (Prochilodontidae), Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Castelnau, 1855) “Doncella” (Pimelodidae), y Calophysus macropterus (Lichtenstein, 1819) “Mota” (Pimelodidae). El nivel de exposición fue extremadamente alto y la peligrosidad fue media. La dosis máxima de consumo permisible por semana de metilmercurio (MeHg) según la OMS es de 1.6 μg MeHg/kg/semana. Este límite fue superado por C. macropterus para niños de la CN. Se concluye que el riesgo a la salud del poblador de la CN de la Amazonía peruana por el MeHg es alto.
Effects of Insulin against Aluminium Induced Neurotoxicity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Alam MD Amir , Bansal Garima
Published: August 2020

Aluminium toxicity is well known to cause neurotoxicity leading to Alzheimer disease with dementia. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of Insulin in Aluminium induced neurotoxicity. Thirty male wistar rats randomized into three groups (group V, C, T) of ten each were used for the study after obtaining institutional animal ethics committee approval. Chronic aluminium neurotoxicity was induced in the rats and the neurobehavior was evaluated using Morris water maze test, elevated plus maze test and rotarod test using standard methodologies. Group C rats exhibited significant deviation in performance of behavioural test of the study during day 1 (Morris water maze test- 18.6±9.5, elevated plus maze test- 34.9±1.9, rotarod test- 118.6±15.2) and day 30 (Morris water maze test- 64.5±4.6, elevated plus maze test- 72.1±3.9, rotarod test- 110.7±9.3). Rats of group T showed decrease in behavioural changes induced by aluminium toxicity (P value: Morris water maze test-0.0002, elevated plus maze test- 0.0007 and rotarod test- 0.015). Insulin may play a role in neuroprotection against toxicity similar to that of aluminium induced neurotoxicity.
IE – CEPA : ANALISIS MANFAAT DAN DAMPAK BAGI PERIKANAN INDONESIA
Authors: Zulham Armen , Hafsaridewi Rani
Published: August 2020

Indonesia – EFTA Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IE-CEPA) adalah bentuk kerjasama perdagangan Indonesia dengan empat negara EFTA (Islandia, Liechtenstein, Norwegia, dan Swiss) untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Secara politis, kerjasama ini mempunyai arti strategis untuk memperluas pasar, karena nilai transaksi barang dan jasa negara EFTA berperan penting dalam perdagangan dunia. Kajian ini disusun dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder dan publikasi yang ada guna menelaah manfaat kerjasama perdagangan tersebut dalam pengembangan industri perikanan Indonesia. Hasil telaahan menunjukkan manfaat kerjasama tersebut masih memerlukan negosiasi yang kuat, karena dua negara EFTA (Islandia dan Norwegia) merupakan negara perikanan dan memiliki teknologi yang relatif maju. Dua negara EFTA lainnya merupakan jalan untuk memperluas pasar bagi produkperikanan Indonesia, serta mendorong dan meningkatkan investasi Perikanan. Indonesia perlu merintis penerapan rule of origin untuk kelangsungan perdagangan perikanan Indonesia dalam perdagangan global. Indonesia harus meningkatkan kapasitas sumberdaya manusia untuk memperkuat kerjasama tersebut serta mencegah perdagangan ikan yang tidak fair karena hasil transhipment, hasil tangkapan illegal dan re-ekspor ke Indonesia. Title:  IE-CEPA: Benefit and Impact for Indonesia’s Fisheries Indonesia – EFTA Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IE-CEPA) is a trade cooperation between Indonesia and EFTA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland) to support the economic growth. From Indonesia political point of view, this trade cooperation has a strategic position for market access due to the EFTA countries play important roles in global commodities and services trading. This analysis used the secondary data and published literatures to analysis impacts and benefits of this trade cooperation for fisheries development in Indonesia. Result of the analysis suggested that Indonesia still need to strengthen its negotiation due to the advanced stage of fishing technology from two EFTA countries (Iceland and Norway). Other two EFTA members are potential market access for Indonesian fish products. Indonesia has to implement rule of origin for sustainable fish trade to increase fish investment and increase completion in global market. Indonesia must improve its human capacity building to strengthen its position in this trade cooperation and prevent unfair fish trade due to trans-shipment, illegal fishing and re-export fish to Indonesia.
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN INTRODUKSI SPESIES IKAN ASING DI PERAIRAN UMUM DARATAN PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Muchlisin Z. A.
Published: August 2020

Provinsi Aceh memiliki potensi perikanan perairan umum daratan yang besar dengan berbagai spesies lokal. Potensi ini belum sepenuhnya dimanfaatkan baik untuk perikanan tangkap maupun budidaya. Di sisi lain, tekanan terhadap perairan umum daratan semakin meningkat terutama disebabkan oleh kerusakan lingkungan, pencemaran, pemanasan global dan introduksi spesies ikan asing yang mengancamkomunitas ikan lokal. Introduksi spesies ikan asing menjadi isu penting, baik di tataran global maupun lokal. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengadvokasi awal kebijakan introduksi spesies ikan asing di Provinsi Aceh. Untuk memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas, kajian ini menggunakan studi kasus introduksi spesies ikan asing di Danau Laut Tawar. Kajian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif-eksploratif dan studi literatur sebagai basis kebijakan introduksi spesies ikan asing yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan sebanyak sembilan spesies ikan asing telah ada diperairan Aceh. Dari jumlah tersebut, tujuh spesies diantaranya telah hadir di Danau Laut Tawar. Saat ini Pemerintah Provinsi Aceh belum memiliki kebijakan untuk mengatur introduksi spesies ikan asing ke perairan Aceh. Hal ini dapatmenyebabkan ancaman terhadap spesies ikan lokal. Karena itu kebijakan berupa peraturan daerah yang mengatur hal tersebut sangat diperlukan. Title: Policy Analysis of Introducing Alien Species of Fish in Inland Waters of Aceh Province Aceh Province has abundance of inland fishery resources with various indigenous species. These resources are still underutilized both for aquaculture or capture fisheries. On the other hand, environmental pressures and threats to these resources are emerging due to ecological devastation, pollution, introduced alien species and global warming. Introduction of alien species of fish become a popular issue in local orglobal contexts. The objective of this research was to analyze and initiate advocacy on introduction of alien fish species regulation in Aceh Province. This research used a case study in Lake Laut Tawar to give a comprehensive understanding on the topic. Descriptive-explorative analysis and literature review were used in the study, and the results of the study can be used to develop a better conservation strategy andpolicy to control introduced alien species in Aceh waters. This research results show there are at least nine introduced alien species of fish in Aceh waters. Seven of them were found in Lake Laut Tawar. Aceh Provincial Government has no regulation on introduction of alien species into Aceh waters. This condition could threaten the indigenous species of Aceh fishes. Therefore, the regulation of the management of introduced fish species is really needed.
Spirituality as Foundation for Adolescents’ Socialisation: Methodological Approaches
Authors: Martišauskienė Elvyda
Published: August 2020

The article discusses socialisation problems from the methodological perspective, which are of particular importance in adolescence because this period is closely linked with the most important process, i.e., search for own identity. Therefore, the focus is laid on the inborn powers of individuals, their functions and the role of spiritual dimensions based on transcendence and conscience while creating relations with others and oneself in real and virtual spaces is highlighted as well as spiritual values, as foundation of relations, and adolescents’ attitude towards them, which open up access to spirituality education and socialisation.
Factors Promoting Socialization of Adolescents
Authors: Barkauskaitė Marijona
Published: August 2020

The article discusses problems of socialization that are particularly significant in adolescence, when an adolescent attempts to find his / her place and establish him / herself in the adult world. The conducted research is based on longitudinal studies and focuses on highlighting some factors that affect the process of socialization in the families of adolescents and non-formal school education.
Helping to Plan a Boundaryless Career: Notes on the Role of Counselling in Promoting Professional Mobility
Authors: Drabik - Podgórna Violetta
Published: August 2020

The article presents counselling as an activity that supports socialisation processes. Lifelong career counselling helps young people prepare for vocational and life-related roles and aims to assist an individual in developing competencies one needs to function effectively on the labor market. One of such competencies is professional mobility, which is a typical marker of contemporary biographies called boundaryless career.
Speaking as Prerequisite to Socialisation in the General Curriculum of the Lithuanian Language Education (as Mother Tongue)
Authors: Jarienė Raimonda , Salienė Vilija
Published: August 2020

The article focuses on the analysis of expression of speaking, as a prerequisite to socialization, in the curriculum of the Lithuanian language as mother tongue. The theoretical part compares two learning theories making attempts to highlight the importance of speaking to cognitive and social achievements of learners. The theoretical analysis is based on the comparison of the approaches of two learning theories, that is, constructivism and social constructivism. The research part of the article analyses the dual purpose of speaking, i.e., as learning object and as learning tool, and its expression in the general curriculum of the Lithuanian language (as mother tongue) for basic school.
Socialization of Homeless Children in the Society: the Problem of School Adaptation
Authors: Kocai Elena
Published: August 2020

Upon starting to attend school, a homeless child frequently faces the problem of stigmatization, lacks a wish for learning, as well as fails to learn and establish relationships with school community. Therefore, a child feels the situation of homelessness even more acutely. Homeless children that have difficulties in adapting at school, acquire no knowledge and skills, which would help them to overcome poverty and homelessness.
Supported Decision Making Model as a Tool and Form for Socialization of People with Psychosocial Disabilities: Legal and Social Education Challenges in Lithuania
Authors: Juodkaitė Dovilė
Published: August 2020

The aim of this article is to introduce the new concept of supported decision making model. Supported decision making model (SDM) as a tool for proper implementation of the rights of persons with disabilities is foreseen in the newest international human rights treaty – Convention on the rights of people with disabilities (CRPD). As a new concept SDM raises number of challenges both of legal, social and educational aspects how to introduce and implement this model in practice in order to safeguard rights and ensure social integration and socialization of the most vulnerable persons with psychosocial disabilities in the society.

Specific objectives of the study carried out were: to review new legal requirements of art. 12 of CRPD for ensuring equality before the law for all persons with disabilities, to critically analyze Lithuanian legal guardianship system for its compliance / noncompliance to those international requirements; to review and analyze supported decision making models existing in other countries; based on the comparative analysis of the supported decision making models, to make recommendations for Lithuanian legislation, legal and social practice on possible supported decision making model.
Maturity for School among Pre-primary Children with Visual Impairments as Prerequisite for Successful Socialisation
Authors: Gudonis Vytautas , Urbienė Audrė
Published: August 2020

The article presents the results of the longitudinal research on school maturity of pre-primary children with visual impairments, which was conducted from 2003 to 2013. Following the results of this longitudinal research, the problems of education of pre-primary children with visual disorders, which were determined by visual impairments and insufficient attention of educators, were identified. The article makes attempts to reveal the content of school maturity and, on the basis of the acquired research results, to prove the necessity to carry out research on school maturity of pre-primary children attending educational institutions twice a year, preparing individual recommendations after the first research.