bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic temperature-strain discrimination using a hybrid distributed fiber sensor based on Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering
Authors: Murray Matthew J. , Murray Joseph B. , Ogden Hannah M. , Redding Brandon
Published: December 2022

We present a distributed fiber sensor capable of discriminating between temperature and strain while performing low-noise, dynamic measurements. This was achieved by leveraging recent advances in Brillouin and Rayleigh based fiber sensors. In particular, we designed a hybrid sensor that combines a slope-assisted Brillouin optical time domain analysis system with a Rayleigh-scattering-based frequency scanning optical time domain reflectometry system. These sub-systems combine state-of-the-art sensitivity with the ability to perform both dynamic and quasi-static measurements. This enabled a hybrid system capable of temperature/strain discrimination with a quasi-static temperature resolution of 16 m°C and a strain resolution of 140 nɛ along 500 m of single mode fiber with 5 m spatial resolution. In contrast to previously reported techniques, this approach also enabled dynamic measurements with a bandwidth of 1.7 kHz and temperature (strain) noise spectral density of 0.54 m°C/√Hz (4.5 nɛ/√Hz) while temperature/strain cross-sensitivity was suppressed by at least 25 dB. This represents a dramatic improvement in measurement speed and sensitivity compared with existing techniques capable of temperature/strain discrimination in standard single mode fiber.
Standardizing image assessment in optical diffraction tomography
Authors: He Yanping , Zhou Nansen , Ziemczonok Michał , Wang Yijin , Lei Lei , Duan Liting , Zhou Renjie
Published: December 2022

Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) has gradually become a popular label-free imaging technique that offers diffraction-limited resolution by mapping an object's three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI) distribution. However, there is a lack of comprehensive quantitative image assessment metrics in ODT for studying how various experimental conditions influence image quality, and subsequently optimizing the experimental conditions. In this Letter, we propose to standardize the image assessment in ODT by proposing a set of metrics, including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and structural distinguishability (SD). To test the feasibility of the metrics, we performed experiments on angle-scanning ODT by varying the number of illumination angles, RI contrast of samples, sample feature sizes, and sample types (e.g., standard polystyrene beads and 3D printed structures) and evaluated the RI tomograms with SNR, CNR, and SD. We further quantitatively studied how image quality can be improved, and tested the image assessment metrics on subcellular structures of living cells. We envision the proposed image assessment metrics may greatly benefit end-users for assessing the RI tomograms, as well as experimentalists for optimizing ODT instruments.
Spatial mapping of the polarization-resolved spectrum based on vector-beam-assisted nondegenerate four-wave mixing
Authors: Wang Xuewen , Yuan Jinpeng , Xiao Liantuan , Jia Suotang , Wang Lirong
Published: December 2022

The introduction of vector beams (VBs), with space-variant polarization, into the polarization-resolved spectrum, provides a convenient and rapid pathway for revealing micro-structure. Here, we realize the spatial mapping of the polarization-resolved spectrum based on VB-assisted nondegenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) in a diamond atomic system of 85Rb. The 780 nm radial VB and 776 nm linearly polarized Gaussian beam serve as the probe and pump beams in the FWM process, respectively. The generated 420 nm coherent blue light (CBL) possesses a space-variant intensity profile due to the spatially polarized atomic medium. Accordingly, the polarization-resolved spectrum can be directly mapped from a single CBL profile and the polarization information of the input 776 nm beam can be accurately extracted. In particular, such nondegenerate FWM based on VB provides a proof of principle for rapid and visual polarization-related detection by converting to a frequency domain where efficient detectors are readily available.
Resolvent expansion for discrete non-Hermitian resonant systems [Invited]
Authors: Simonson L. , Özdemir S. K. , Busch K. , El-Ganainy R.
Published: December 2022

The linear response of non-Hermitian resonant systems demonstrates various intriguing features such as the emergence of non-Lorentzian lineshapes. Recently, we have developed a systematic theory to understand the scattering lineshapes in such systems and, in doing so, established the connection with the input/output scattering channels. Here, we follow up on that work by presenting a different, more transparent derivation of the resolvent operator associated with a non-Hermitian system under general conditions and highlight the connection with the structure of the underlying eigenspace decomposition. Finally, we also present a simple solution to the problem of self-orthogonality associated with the left and right Jordan canonical vectors and show how the left basis can be constructed in a systematic fashion. Our work provides a unifying mathematical framework for studying non-Hermitian systems such as those implemented using dielectric cavities, metamaterials, and plasmonic resonators.
Orientation control strategies and adaptation to a visuomotor perturbation in rotational hand movements
Authors: Zruya Or , Nisky Ilana
Published: December 2022

Computational approaches to biological motor control are used to discover the building blocks of human motor behaviour. Models explaining features of human hand movements have been studied thoroughly, yet only a few studies attempted to explain the control of the orientation of the hand; instead, they mainly focus on the control of hand translation, predominantly in a single plane. In this study, we present a new methodology to study the way humans control the orientation of their hands in three dimensions and demonstrate it in two sequential experiments. We developed a quaternion-based score that quantifies the geodicity of rotational hand movements and evaluated it experimentally. In the first experiment, participants performed a simple orientation-matching task with a robotic manipulator. We found that rotations are generally performed by following a geodesic in the quaternion hypersphere, which suggests that, similarly to translation, the orientation of the hand is centrally controlled, possibly by optimizing geometrical properties of the hand’s rotation. This result established a baseline for the study of human response to perturbed visual feedback of the orientation of the hand. In the second experiment, we developed a novel visuomotor rotation task in which the rotation is applied on the hand’s rotation, and studied the adaptation of participants to this rotation, and the transfer of the adaptation to a different initial orientation. We observed partial adaptation to the rotation. The patterns of the transfer of the adaptation to a different initial orientation were consistent with the representation of the orientation in extrinsic coordinates. The methodology that we developed allows for studying the control of a rigid body without reducing the dimensionality of the task. The results of the two experiments open questions for future studies regarding the mechanisms underlying the central control of hand orientation. These results can be of benefit for many applications that involve fine manipulation of rigid bodies, such as teleoperation and neurorehabilitation.
Vaccine stockpile sharing for selfish objectives
Authors: Shivam Shashwat , Weitz Joshua S. , Wardi Yorai
Published: December 2022

The COVAX program aims to provide global equitable access to life-saving vaccines. Despite calls for increased sharing, vaccine protectionism has limited progress towards vaccine sharing goals. For example, as of April 2022 only ~20% of the population in Africa had received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose. Here we use a two-nation coupled epidemic model to evaluate optimal vaccine-sharing policies given a selfish objective: in which countries with vaccine stockpiles aim to minimize fatalities in their own population. Computational analysis of a suite of simulated epidemics reveal that it is often optimal for a donor country to share a significant fraction of its vaccine stockpile with a recipient country that has no vaccine stockpile. Sharing a vaccine stockpile reduces the intensity of outbreaks in the recipient, in turn reducing travel-associated incidence in the donor. This effect is intensified as vaccination rates in a donor country decrease and epidemic coupling between countries increases. Critically, vaccine sharing by a donor significantly reduces transmission and fatalities in the recipient. Moreover, the same computational framework reveals the potential use of hybrid sharing policies that have a negligible effect on fatalities in the donor compared to the optimal policy while significantly reducing fatalities in the recipient. Altogether, these findings provide a self-interested rationale for countries to consider sharing part of their vaccine stockpiles.
Shorter telomere length and suicidal ideation in familial bipolar disorder
Authors: Martinez Daniela , Lavebratt Catharina , Millischer Vincent , de Jesus R. de Paula Vanessa , Pires Thiago , Michelon Leandro , Camilo Caroline , Esteban Nubia , Pereira Alexandre , Schalling Martin , Vallada Homero
Published: December 2022

Bipolar Disorder (BD) has recently been related to a process of accelerated aging, with shortened leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in this population. It has also been observed that the suicide rate in BD patients is higher than in the general population, and more recently the telomere length variation has been described as shorter in suicide completers compared with control subjects. Objectives The aim of the present study was to investigate if there is an association between LTL and BD in families where two or more members have BD including clinical symptomatology variables, along with suicide behavior. Methods Telomere length and single copy gene ratio (T/S ratio) was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction in a sample of 143 relatives from 22 families, of which 60 had BD. The statistical analysis was performed with a polygenic mixed model. Results LTL was associated with suicidal ideation (p = 0.02) as that there is an interaction between suicidal ideation and course of the disorder (p = 0.02). The estimated heritability for LTL in these families was 0.68. In addition, covariates that relate to severity of disease, i.e. suicidal ideation and course of the disorder, showed an association with shorter LTL in BD patients. No difference in LTL between BD patients and healthy relatives was observed. Conclusion LTL are shorter in subjects with familial BD suggesting that stress related sub-phenotypes possibly accelerate the process of cellular aging and correlate with disease severity and suicidal ideation.
Mopane worm value chain in Zimbabwe: Evidence on knowledge, practices, and processes in Gwanda District
Authors: Manditsera Faith A. , Mubaiwa Juliet , Matsungo Tonderayi M. , Chopera Prosper , Bhatasara Sandra , Kembo George , Mahlatini Honest , Matiza Ruzengwe Faith , Matutu Felix , Grigor John , Fiore Alberto , Macheka Lesley
Published: December 2022

Consumption of edible insects is a potential solution to the growing need for protein. However, the wild harvested edible insects’ value chain faces several challenges including limited knowledge on indigenous practices in the harvesting and processing and lack of information on roles of the different actors in the chain. A case study of Gonimbrasia belina, colloquially referred to as the ’mopane worm’, was conducted to understand and identify determinants of participation in the value chain of the edible caterpillar. A cross sectional study was conducted in Gwanda (a rural district in Zimbabwe) to (a) understand the indigenous knowledge on harvesting and processing methods, (b) explore value addition and the traditional beliefs surrounding the utilisation of the mopane worm. Results showed that consumers (81.7%), and harvesters (76.6%) were the main actors in the mopane worm value chain. Using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model, the following were shown to be determinants of participation in the mopane worm value chain: (a) gender (b) household size (c) marital status (d) religion and (e) household assets. Two primary processing methods of harvested mopane worm were distinguished i.e., boiling and roasting on ambers. Results showed lack of diversity in mopane worm-based products. Current culturally acceptable processing techniques need improvement and standardization to support sustainable mopane worm processing while optimising nutrient bio-accessibility.
Evaluating the long-term operational performance of a large-scale inland terminal: A discrete event simulation-based modeling approach
Authors: Srisurin Punyaanek , Pimpanit Phipat , Jarumaneeroj Pisit
Published: December 2022

Inland terminals, or dry ports, have played an important role in multimodal transportation networks as transportation hubs that provide connections between seaports and hinterland economies. While important, evaluating the operational performance of a dry port is especially challenging since it depends not only on internal factors, such as the variety and number of container handling equipment (CHE) deployed, but also on other external factors, including changes in transportation policies and container demands experienced by a dry port. To properly evaluate the holistic performance of a dry port while considering all the aforementioned factors, a discrete event simulation (DES) framework is herein developed and applied to the Ladkrabang Inland Container Depot (LICD)—one of the largest dry ports in Southeast Asia—under various operational settings. Despite complicated internal operations, the devised DES framework has shown itself useful in the analyses of LICD, due largely to its flexibility that allows users to include sophisticated operational rules into models. According to our computational results, the current LICD operation is markedly ineffective as the usage rates of all CHE types are relatively low and varied across gate operators—especially the yard truck whose values range between 2.46% and 11.15% on yearly average. We also find that, by redesigning the LICD and its internal operations, the LICD’s performance could be substantially enhanced—even with fewer numbers of CHE. Regarding the four CHE types, the reach stacker seems to limit LICD’s capability, as its utilization tends to first reach the maximum allowable rate of 75%, while the rubber tyred gantry crane could help boost the usage rate of yard trucks, which, in turn, results in reduced container dwelling times. Nonetheless, the modified LICD could accommodate up to 140% of the current container demand before it experiences operational difficulties induced by the saturation of container flow from rail transportation.
tRNA modification enzyme MiaB connects environmental cues to activation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III secretion system
Authors: Lin Qiqi , Huang Jiahui , Liu Zhiqing , Chen Qunyi , Wang Xinbo , Yu Guohui , Cheng Ping , Zhang Lian-Hui , Xu Zeling
Published: December 2022

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a major inhabitant of numerous environmental reservoirs, is a momentous opportunistic human pathogen associated with severe infections even death in the patients suffering from immune deficiencies or metabolic diseases. Type III secretion system (T3SS) employed by P. aeruginosa to inject effector proteins into host cells is one of the pivotal virulence factors pertaining to acute infections caused by this pathogen. Previous studies showed that P. aeruginosa T3SS is regulated by various environmental cues such as calcium concentration and the host signal spermidine. However, how T3SS is regulated and expressed particularly under the ever-changing environmental conditions remains largely elusive. In this study, we reported that a tRNA modification enzyme PA3980, designated as MiaB, positively regulated T3SS gene expression in P. aeruginosa and was essential for the induced cytotoxicity of human lung epithelial cells. Further genetic assays revealed that MiaB promoted T3SS gene expression by repressing the LadS-Gac/Rsm signaling pathway and through the T3SS master regulator ExsA. Interestingly, ladS, gacA, rsmY and rsmZ in the LadS-Gac/Rsm signaling pathway seemed potential targets under the independent regulation of MiaB. Moreover, expression of MiaB was found to be induced by the cAMP-dependent global regulator Vfr as well as the spermidine transporter-dependent signaling pathway and thereafter functioned to mediate their regulation on the T3SS gene expression. Together, these results revealed a novel regulatory mechanism for MiaB, with which it integrates different environmental cues to modulate T3SS gene expression in this important bacterial pathogen.
Sensitivity and specificity for African horse sickness antibodies detection using monovalent and polyvalent vaccine antigen-based dot blotting
Authors: Taesuji Machimaporn , Rattanamas Khate , Kulthonggate Usakorn , Mamom Thanongsak , Ruenphet Sakchai
Published: December 2022

Background and Aim: The immune responses of animals infected with African horse sickness (AHS) virus are determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), complement fixation, and virus neutralization test. During the outbreaks of AHS in Thailand, the immune response after vaccination has been monitored using commercial test kits such as blocking ELISA, which are expensive imported products unavailable commercially in Thailand. This study aimed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of anti-AHS virus antibodies using dot blotting based on monovalent and polyvalent strains of live attenuated AHS vaccine.

Materials and Methods: A total of 186 horse sera, namely, 93 AHS-unvaccinated samples and 93 AHS-vaccinated samples, were used in this study. All sera underwent antibodies detection using commercial blocking ELISA and in-house dot blotting based on monovalent and polyvalent strains of live attenuated AHS vaccine. The numbers of true positive, false positive, true negative, and false negative results in the dot blotting were compared with those in blocking ELISA and the sensitivity and specificity of dot blotting were assessed.

Results: For the monovalent antigen, there were 78, 19, 74, and 15 true positive, false positive, true negative, and false negative results, respectively, while for the polyvalent antigen, the corresponding numbers were 84, 34, 58, and 9. Meanwhile, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for monovalent antigen were 83.87% and 79.57%, respectively, but 90.32% and 62.37% for polyvalent antigen.

Conclusion: Dot blotting for AHS antibodies detection using vaccine antigen showed high sensitivity and rather a high specificity compared with the findings with the commercial ELISA test kit. In countries where commercial ELISA test kits are not available and when the size of a serum sample is small, dot blotting could become a good alternative test given its advantages, including its simplicity, rapidity, and convenience. To the best of our knowledge, these findings are the first report on the use of dot blotting for detecting AHS antibodies in horses. In conclusion, monovalent antigen-based dot blotting could be used as a reliable alternative serodiagnostic test for monitoring AHS humoral immune response, especially in vaccinated horses.
Multifarious feed additives on lamb performance on Kuwait farms
Authors: Burezq Hana'a , Khalil Faten
Published: December 2022

Background and Aim: A change in the livestock feeding strategy is of utmost importance for the stability of animal health and sustainable livestock productivity to overcome the problem of subsiding the environmental effects of sheep production. Supplementing dietary feed with safe and efficient additives provides optimal animal performance and maximizes productivity. This study aimed to assess the effects of adding various feed additives to lamb rations for optimizing feed efficiency in weaned lambs for meat production in Kuwait.

Materials and Methods: The feed additives, namely, ammonium chloride, urea, algae, fishmeal, and humic acid, were investigated on the physical performance of lambs for their effect on body weight, length, height, and waist length. The total feed consumption rate and feed efficiency were also measured. Each treatment comprising five healthy lambs was randomly allocated into six treatments comprising 30 lambs. The six treatments were the basal ration supplemented with ammonium chloride (50–100 g/day/head), urea (30 g/day/head), fishmeal (35 g/day/head), algae (Spirulina platensis) powder (50 g/day/head), humic acid (2.5 g/day/head), control group with only basal ration. The study was conducted for around 27 months and the data were recorded once in 2 weeks.

Results: The results indicated a positive elevation in the physique of lambs with all tested additives, showing an affirmative insignia for lamb fattening. The growth parameters in terms of augmented length, height, and waist length of lambs' bodies amplified significantly with ammonium chloride and fishmeal supplement, while the other additives reported a non-significant increment. The feed consumption was significantly elevated for ammonium chloride, algae, and fishmeal supplementation, while humic acid was recorded the least. Concerning feed efficiency of young lambs, fish meal and ammonium chloride were reported best, followed by urea. In contrast, algae and humic acid exhibited a non-significant effect on feed efficiency.

Conclusion: This study exposed noteworthy influence on a lamb body's performance with the addition of fish meal and ammonium chloride in lamb rations, trailed by urea and algae.
Ecological Transformation Value and Application Direction in the Ideas of Gugak Education
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Kim A-Hyun
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the ecological transformation value contained in the ideas of Gugak education and to seek the direction of Gugak education in order to foster ecological sensitivity. Methods: First, a-literature review was conducted focusing on previous studies in the field of music and music education related to ecological transformation education. Second, the relationship between ecological transformation education and Gugak was revealed, and implications for Gugak education were identified. Third, the direction of Gugak education to cultivate ecological sensitivity was sought. Results: Three findings were sought as the direction of Gugak education to foster ecological sensitivity. First, in understanding ecological space, genre painting was utilized to learn how to use human life and ecological space in harmony with nature. Second, in experiencing the life of the ecological community, students learned how to coexist with nature by experiencing repeated customs every year, such as seasonal customs, other customs, rituals, plays, food, and songs. Third, in the expression of the sound of nature, the activities of singing and playing musical instruments, which can be called bowls containing nature as it is, were utilized for students to fully feel nature and accept ecological life. Conclusion: Gugak education plays a role in naturally recognizing the ecological transformation value contained in Gugak. Listening to Gugak based on these ideas, cultivated a willingness to participate in ecological transformation, and laid the foundation for further practice. In order for this to be properly implemented, it is necessary to devise and apply teaching and learning plans in consideration of the connection between research on content and related music at the school level. Therefore, in the 2022 revised music curriculum, it is hoped that Korean traditional music education will be provided to develop ecological sensitivity that is actually helpful at elementary and secondary schools.
Ultrasonography of intrascrotal torsed appendages: size and interval between symptom onset and the ultrasonographic examination according to echogenicity
Authors: Lim Seung-Hyun , Yang Dal Mo , Kim Hyun Cheol , Kim Sang Won , Kim Hyunmin , Lee Da In , Moon Sung Kyung , Park Seung Jin
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the size of torsed appendages and the interval between symptom onset and the ultrasonographic examination according to the echogenicity of the torsed appendages.Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 54 cases in 46 patients with torsion of the testicular appendages between December 2008 and July 2021. Eight patients received follow-up ultrasonography 7-48 days after initial ultrasonography. The echogenicity of torsed appendages was classified into three groups: hypoechoic, hyperechoic, or isoechoic.Results: The 54 torsed appendages were hypoechoic (n=40), hyperechoic (n=9), or isoechoic (n=5). The size of the torsed appendages ranged from 4 to 14 mm (8.0±3.1 mm) in hypoechoic torsed appendages and from 2.6 to 5.0 mm (3.7±0.9 mm) in hyperechoic torsed appendages. The interval between symptom onset and the ultrasonographic examination ranged from 0 to 17 days (4.2±4.4 days) in hypoechoic torsed appendages and from 8 to 48 days (29.8±16.0 days) in hyperechoic torsed appendages. The hyperechoic torsed appendages were smaller and had longer intervals between symptom onset and the ultrasonographic examination than the hypoechoic torsed appendages (P<0.05). Three hypoechoic torsed appendages and a single isoechoic torsed appendage on initial ultrasonography became hyperechoic on follow-up ultrasonography.Conclusion: The size of the torsed appendages and the interval between symptom onset and the ultrasonographic examination varied according to the echogenicity of the torsed appendages. The hyperechoic torsed appendages were smaller and had longer intervals until the examination than the hypoechoic torsed appendages.
Unidades geomorfológicas do Triângulo Mineiro: estudo preliminar
Authors: Baccaro Claudete Aparecida Dallevedove
Published: December 2022

Unidades geomorfológicas do Triângulo Mineiro: estudo preliminar
Asociación entre velocidad de marcha y deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017
Authors: Concha-Cisternas Yeny , Castro-Piñero José , Vásquez Jaime , Martorell Miquel , Cigarroa Igor , Petermann-Rocha Fanny , Parra-Soto Solange , Poblete Felipe , Matus-Castillo Carlos , Garrrido-Méndez Álex , Martínez- Sanguinetti María Adela , Nazar Gabriela , Leiva-Ordoñez Ana María , Troncoso-Pantoja Claudia , Diaz-Martínez Ximena , Celis-Morales Carlos
Published: December 2022

Antecedentes: La velocidad de la marcha podría considerarse un marcador temprano de riesgo de deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre velocidad de la marcha y sospecha de deterioro cognitivo en población mayor chilena. Métodos:Se incluyeron 1.788 personas mayores de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud (ENS) 2016-2017 que tenían información sobre velocidad de marcha y sospecha de deterioro cognitivo. La velocidad de la marcha fue auto-reportada y categorizada como marca lenta, normal y rápida. Sospecha de deterioro cognitivo fue evaluado a través del cuestionario Mini-Mental abreviado. La asociación entre marcha y deterioro cognitivo fue investigada mediante análisis de regresión logística. Resultados: En comparación a las personas mayores que reportaron una velocidad de marcha rápida, aquellas que reportaron una marcha lenta presentaron 2,67 veces mayor probabilidad de tener deterioro cognitivo (OR: 2,67 [95% IC:1,62; 4,42], p<0,001). Al ajustar los modelos por variables de confusión socio-demográficas, estilos de vida y salud, la asociación disminuyó, pero permaneció significativa (OR: 1,78 [95% IC:1,00; 3,17], p=0,047). Mientras que las personas mayores que reportaron tener una velocidad de marcha normal no presentaron asociación con deterioro cognitivo. Conclusión: Personas mayores que reportan una velocidad de marcha lenta presentaron una mayor probabilidad de sospecha de deterioro cognitivo. Considerando que el deterioro cognitivo es un síndrome geriátrico con alta prevalencia en población mayor, existe la necesidad de enfatizar en estrategias para un diagnóstico temprano, por lo cual, la velocidad de marcha podría ser un instrumento útil
EXTERNAL DEBT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN GHANA: A CO-INTEGRATION AND VECTOR ERROR CORRECTION ANALYSIS
Authors: ASAFO Shuffield Seyram , MATUKA Adelajda
Published: December 2022

This paper employed a co-integration analysis and an error correction methodology to examine the impact of external debt on economic growth in Ghana using annual time series for the period 1970-2017. We found that external debt inflows spur growth in Ghana both in the long-run and short-run. Secondly, our study also confirmed the crowding out effect and the non-linear effect of external debt in the long run and short-run. However, Debt overhang was only confirmed in the short-run.

We advocate for a judicious allocation of the debt resources so that the cost of servicing the debt will not outweigh the benefit of the borrowed funds.
CAPITAL FLOWS, MONEY SUPPLY AND PROPERTY PRICES IN CHINA
Authors: TAGUCHI Hiroyuki , TIAN Lina
Published: December 2022

This article examines the interaction among capital flows, money supply and property prices with a focus of Chinese economy by using a vector auto-regression (VAR) estimation as an analytical framework. The key research questions were, first, whether money supply has been determined independently from capital flows, and then which factor, capital flows or money supply, has given a dominant effect on property prices. The contributions of this study are to investigate the impacts on property prices jointly from capital flows as an external factor and from money supply as a domestic factor, and to count on the differences in the trends in property prices of seventy regional cities in China. The main findings through the VAR estimations were as follows. First, domestic money supply has been determined exclusively from external capital flows through the authority’s perfect sterilization of foreign-exchange-market intervention. Second, the main contributor to property prices’ movement has been domestic money supply rather than external capital flows. Third, some deviations of property prices from the trend in money supply were found in big cities and/or coastal advanced cities.
THE AFFORDANCES FOR DINING ACTIVITIES: YOUNG GENERATIONS' EXPERIENCE IN DWELLING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Ula Zuhrotul Mawaddatil , Hayati Arina , Cahyadini Sarah
Published: December 2022

Human activities and behavior are reciprocally related to the dwelling environment. As the specific expression of culture, how human activities are carried out is related to how they understand and use the affordances of their environment. One of the primary domestic activities closely related to the culture is dining. Culture influences the dining habits of a community and plays a significant role in the form of dwelling architecture.This study explores how dining activities are carried out in urban housing in Indonesia and their relationship to the dwellings’ architectural forms. Taking Surabaya as a case study, this phenomenon was studied using a combine-strategy through questionnaires and in-depth semi-structured interviews. The participants are the young generation living in their parent’s dwellings with landed housing typology, with and without separate dining rooms. Household members and the dwelling size are not limited to examine how dining activities are conducted in each circumstance.The results show that Indonesian dining culture still influences dining activities in the dwelling. However, dining activities have begun to shift from social to personal activities. The development of a practical lifestyle in recent times has also caused dining activities to be carried out as a complement to other activities. Finally, these phenomena affect the settings and affordance attributes that accommodate dining activities in the dwelling, which understanding can be applied in designing residential architecture.
Caracterización de la producción de los doctorados en derecho en Colombia
Authors: Carvajal Martínez Jorge Enrique
Published: December 2022

Los doctorados en derecho han generado nuevos espacios de discusión frente al conocimiento jurídico; particularmente se ha dado un giro frente a la dominante postura teórica del formalismo jurídico —la dogmática jurídica— presente en la teoría del derecho. En las investigaciones doctorales se han incorporado otras ópticas sobre las cuales existe un consenso y que agrupamos en cuatro grandes perspectivas o tipologías que pueden abordar los problemas de investigación del derecho: a) la mencionada dogmática jurídica, b) la filosófica jurídica o jusfilosófica, c) la histórica del derecho o jushistórica y d) la sociojurídica. Como afirmamos, en la teoría del derecho existe un consenso según el cual el conocimiento del derecho puede ser abordado desde las mencionadas tipologías. Estas ópticas ubicarían el problema de estudio desde los siguientes interrogantes: la dogmática jurídica haría una aproximación a los problemas relacionados con la dimensión normativa y los problemas de la estructura del derecho. La sociología e historia del derecho se ocuparían de la función del derecho en la sociedad enmarcada hoy en día desde una diversidad de sistema jurídicos. La filosofía del derecho trabajaría desde una dimensión valorativa de la norma (Bobbio, 2016; Díaz, 1996; Odar, 2016). Estos problemas de estudio del derecho necesariamente traen como consecuencia la expansión teórica y metodológica presentes en la dogmática jurídica hacia epistemes provenientes de las ciencias sociales. Este rasgo demanda en la investigación articular las particulares dinámicas disciplinares e interdisciplinares.
Relación entre modelos operantes internos y nivel educacional materno, con la teoría de la mente en niños chilenos de 3 y 4 años: rol mediador del lenguaje mentalizante materno
Authors: Abarca Marinkovic Constanza , Caamaño Napoli Catalina , Sazo Arellano Andrea , Farkas Klein Chamarrita
Published: December 2022

La teoría de la mente (ToM) es la capacidad de reconocer los propios estados mentales y predecir los de otros, habilidad fundamental en el desarrollo socioemocional/cognitivo en preescolares. El presente estudio buscó describir la ToM de niños chilenos de 3 y 4 años, analizar las diferencias en su desarrollo según la edad y el rol mediador del lenguaje mentalizante(LM) materno, considerando el sexo de los niños, los modelos operantes internos (MOI) y el nivel educacional materno. La muestra fueron 110 niños con sus madres. Se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico, pruebas para evaluar la ToM, el LM y los MOI de las madres. Un 50.9 % de los niños se ubicó en el quintil 1 de la ToM y ninguno logró llegar al quinto. Las habilidades de la ToM con un mayor nivel de logro diferenciaron entre pretender y realidad (60.0 %) y la de diferenciar laperspectiva visual propia y de otro (50.9 %). Un 59.1 % de los niños no logró inferir deseos a través de la mirada, un 83.6 % no logró la habilidad de acceso al conocimiento, y un 100 % no logró la falsa creencia. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas entre niños de distintos rangos etarios en el desarrollo de la ToM, sugiriendo una creciente dificultad de adquisición de sus habilidades. Además, un mayor lm de las madres se relacionó con mayor desarrollo de la ToM en los niños,con un rol mediador en la influencia de los moi y nivel educacional materno sobre la ToM.
Adaptación y validación de la Escala Disposicional de Empatía Positiva a población adolescente argentina
Authors: Hess Carina , Mesurado Belén
Published: December 2022

La empatía positiva implica una expresión de felicidad o alegría, la cual es resultado de comprender la condición emocionalpositiva de otra persona y compartirla. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de laadaptación de la Escala Disposicional de Empatía Positiva (Dispositional Positive Empathy Scale) en población adolescenteargentina. El instrumento sobre el cual se realizó la adaptación está compuesto por siete ítems, originalmente en idiomainglés. La muestra (n = 303) estuvo conformada por 95 varones (31%) y 208 mujeres (69%), con edades entre 11 y 17 años,estudiantes de secundaria. Se estudió la validez de constructo realizando un análisis factorial confirmatorio y la invariancia de la escala en relación con el sexo y edad de los participantes. Se comprobó la validez convergente con la conducta prosocial hacia diversos objetivos, las diferencias de los niveles de empatía positiva entre los sexos y en distintos grupos de edad y los niveles de fiabilidad (Ω = .78). Los resultados indican que la escala es unidimensional, coincidiendo con la versión original. Se encontró un buen ajuste del modelo a los datos (cfi = .98; tli = .96; nnfi = .96; nfi = .95; rmsea = .05). El modelo permaneció constante en ambos sexos y grupos de edades. La empatía positiva se relacionó con la prosocialidad y se encontraron diferencias según sexo y edades. Los hallazgos dan cuenta de que las características psicométricas de la adaptación de la Escala Disposicional de Empatía Positiva a población adolescente argentina son satisfactorias.
Invarianza factorial de dos versiones breves de la Escala de Resiliencia de Connor–Davidson (cd-risc) en estudiantes universitarios de Arequipa
Authors: Seperak-Viera Rosa , Torres-Villalobos Guadalupe , Gravini-Donado Marbel , Dominguez-Lara Sergio Alexis
Published: December 2022

La resiliencia es una característica individual que posibilita el reajuste biopsicosocial y espiritual que ayuda al bienestar psicológico y al desenvolvimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la invarianza de medición según el sexo, de dos versiones breves de la Escala de Resiliencia de Connor–Davidson (cd-risc) y determinar si existen diferencias entre hombres y mujeres. Se evaluó con la cd-risc-10, que incluye la cd-risc-7, a una muestra de 491 universitarios arequipeños (312 mujeres; 179 hombres) con edad promedio de 20.56 años (de = 3.18),de una institución privada. Inicialmente se realizó un análisis factorial multigrupo con cada versión para valorar el grado de invarianza de medición alcanzado, y luego de ello se compararon las medias latentes de resiliencia entre hombres y mujeres. En cuanto a los resultados, la cd-risc-7 presentó indicadores estructurales más favorables (e.g., λ > .50; en mujeres:cfi = .981, rmsea = .087, wrmr = 0.683; en hombres: cfi = .966, rmsea = .124, wrmr = 0.783), que la cd-risc-10(e.g., λ < .50, índices de ajuste en mujeres: cfi = .974, rmsea = .073, wrmr = 0.774; en hombres: cfi = .960, rmsea = .095, wrmr = 0.803) incluyendo la invarianza de medición (invarianza estricta: Δcfi = .003; δrmsea = .001), y al comparar las medias latentes fueron halladas diferencias significativas a favor de los hombres (d = .471). Finalmente, se discuten las implicancias teóricas y metodológicas de los hallazgos, así como la necesidad de ampliar los estudios considerando otros aspectos relevantes para una mejor comprensión del constructo resiliencia.
Efecto de la contigüidad espacial sobre el aprendizaje de secuencias de posiciones
Authors: Tamayo Jairo Ernesto , Rodríguez Pérez María Elena , Mercado Rodríguez Fabiola
Published: December 2022

Cuatro condiciones de contigüidad espacial de posiciones fueron empleadas para evaluar el aprendizaje de secuencias. Se emplearon dos secuencias de 16 y 25 posiciones presentadas en dos matrices de 4×4 y 5×5, respectivamente. Dentro de cada matriz, 4 (en la matriz de 4×4) o 6 posiciones (en la matriz de 5×5) presentaron contigüidad espacial. Entre grupos, se varió el punto de la secuencia en el que se presentaron las posiciones contiguas. De este modo, la contigüidad espacial de las 4 o 6 posiciones se presentó al inicio de la secuencia (Grupo 1), en la parte media (Grupo 2), al final de la secuencia (Grupo 3), o bien, se presentó una secuencia en la que todas las posiciones ocurrieron sin contigüidad espacial (Grupo 4). Participaron 28 estudiantes de licenciatura. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias entre grupos en cuanto al número de ensayos requeridospara reproducir la secuencia correctamente. El número de errores fue menor cuando las posiciones contiguas se presentaron al inicio de la secuencia. Los hallazgos se explican a partir de un posible efecto de acentuación de la primacía, dado por la ocurrencia de posiciones contiguas al inicio de la secuencia.
The Impact of Risk Management on the Dimensions of Project Management Among Small and Medium Enterprises in Iraq
Authors: Abdulhadi Ali Raqee , Ariffin Khairol Anuar Bin , Abdulsamad Akram , Al-Zubaidi Razi , Leman Zulkiflle B. , Ahmad Siti Azfanizam binti
Published: December 2022

The present study investigates the relationship between risk management and project management among Iraq construction SMEs. The current research is focused on risk management as a unidimensional, while project management was taken as multi-dimensional by using its four main components, which are project scope, project timelines, project benefits, and project quality. Data were gathered from the employees who are working in construction SMEs in Iraq. 251 questionnaires were received and analyzed by using SPSS and smart PLS-SEM to measure the research model fit and examine the hypothesis whether accepted or not within the study context. The model measurement and structural equation model test indicated that all four main hypotheses were accepted, which means that risk management has a positive impact on the four main components of project management in the construction field in Iraq SMEs. Also, the theoretical and managerial implications of this research were then discussed at the end of this article.
Enhancement isolation antenna to multi-port for wireless communication
Authors: Rahi Kareem Dhahir , Taklef Leana Jabble , Wali Musa H.
Published: December 2022

Currently, there is a rapid increase in demand for the transmission of large amount of data with extreme accuracy, which is usually performed by the antenna system. Therefore, this work aims to design an antenna system that has the potential of improving the performance of such system in terms of reducing the antenna size, and expanding the bandwidth. First, a single-port antenna was designed after calculating the basic requirements and then a comprehensive analysis of the antenna performance was carried out to reach optimum performance. Then, the antenna was connected to two, three, and four ports. Such connection was implemented while maintaining efficiency and magnification in each case within the range for wireless applications. The antenna with four input ports was designed with a 45° angle on a circular circumference around the antenna to prevent interference between the ports. The modified antenna was designed to accommodate wireless communication applications (such as the 5G mobile communications network as well as the future 6G mobile communications network). The experimental results were compared with those obtained from the simulation studio Computer Simulation Technology, which is more compatible with the practical results.
Gesamtvermögensgeschäfte bei Kommanditgesellschaft und GmbH
Authors: Witt Carl-Heinz
Published: December 2022

Kürzlich hatte der Bundesgerichtshof zum zweiten Mal nach 2019 Gelegenheit, über die analoge Anwendung des § 179 a AktG auf andere Gesellschaften als AG und KGaA zu entscheiden, und hat eine solche Analogie neuerlich abgelehnt. Während der Senat mit der Thematik bezogen auf das GmbH-Recht vor vier Jahren erstmals befasst war, bedeutet der aktuelle Ausspruch zum KG-Recht die Aufgabe seiner gegenteiligen Rechtsprechung. Die Entscheidungen überzeugen nicht vollends, da sie im Zusammenhang mit Gesamtvermögensgeschäften den Schutz der (Minderheits-)Gesellschafter gegenüber dem Schutz des Rechtsverkehrs zu schwach gewichten. Die Verneinung der analogen Anwendung des § 179 a AktG außerhalb des Aktienrechts hat zudem neue Fragen aufgeworfen, die derzeit noch ungeklärt sind.
The Shaqadud Archaeological Project (Sudan): exploring prehistoric cultural adaptations in the Sahelian hinterlands
Authors: Varadzin Ladislav , Varadzinová Lenka , Abdallah Altayeb , Abdallah Boshra Abdallah , Abdalla Mohammed Mustafa , Ambrose Stanley H. , Burgert Pavel , Černý Martin , DˊErcole Giulia , Fuller Dorian Q. , Garcea Elena A.A. , Hošek Jan , Hošková Kristýna , Jones Mica B. , Kapustka Katarína , Madani Ahmed Ikram , McCool Jon-Paul , Mohamed Hamdeen Hamad , Novák Jan , Pokorná Adéla , Pokorný Petr , Řídký Jaroslav , Unger Jiří
Published: December 2022

The authors present preliminary results from a new research project based in Jebel Shaqadud, Sudan. Their findings highlight the potential for this region's archaeological record to expand our understanding of the adaptation strategies used by human groups in arid north-east African environments away from rivers and lakes during the Holocene. Furthermore, they present exceptionally early radiocarbon dates that push postglacial human occupation in the eastern Sahel back to the twelfth millennium BP.
Increase in Tau Pathology in P290SMaptKnock-In Mice Crossed withAppNL-G-FMice
Authors: Huang Melissa , Macdonald Jennifer , Lavenir Isabelle , Chen Renren , Craxton Molly , Slavik-Smith Elizabeth , Davies Stephen W. , Goedert Michel
Published: December 2022

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is characterized by the pathologic assembly of amyloid β (Aβ) peptide, which deposits into extracellular plaques, and tau, which accumulates in intraneuronal inclusions. To investigate the link between Aβ and tau pathologies, experimental models featuring both pathologies are needed. We developed a mouse model featuring both tau and Aβ pathologies by knocking the P290S mutation into murineMaptand crossing theseMaptP290Sknock-in (KI) mice with theAppNL-G-FKI line.MaptP290SKI mice developed a small number of tau inclusions, which increased with age. The amount of tau pathology was significantly larger inAppNL-G-FxMaptP290SKI mice from 18 months of age onward. Tau pathology was higher in limbic areas, including hippocampus, amygdala, and piriform/entorhinal cortex. We also observed AT100-positive and Gallyas-Braak-silver-positive dystrophic neurites containing assembled filamentous tau, as visualized byin situelectron microscopy. Using a cell-based tau seeding assay, we showed that Sarkosyl-insoluble brain extracts from both 18-month-oldMaptP290SKI andAppNL-G-FxMaptP290SKI mice were seed competent, with brain extracts from double-KI mice seeding significantly more than those from theMaptP290SKI mice. Finally, we showed thatAppNL-G-FxMaptP290SKI mice had neurodegeneration in the piriform cortex from 18 months of age. We suggest thatAppNL-G-FxMaptP290SKI mice provide a good model for studying the interactions of aggregation-prone tau, Aβ, neuritic plaques, neurodegeneration, and aging.