bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract 269: Promoting Access to Vascular Neurology Services in Underserved Areas of Africa
Authors: UWISHEMA Olivier
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Stroke is the most common manifestation of cerebrovascular disease, which requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. As one of the most prevalent causes of death, the third‐major source of illness, and the primary cause of long‐term disability, it is regarded as one of the most significant global health issues. To reduce the rising death and disability due to stroke in Africa, adequate vascular neurology services are crucial. There is little available data on how these services are accessed in African nations. The aim of this study is to outline the underlying reasons for Africa's lack of vascular neurology services as well as the measures required to improve access.

Methods

Data were collected by reviewing the literature from publications published between the years 2016 – 2023 from online databases including PubMed, Google Scholar and the World Health Organization website.

Results

Africa currently has some of the highest stroke indices in the world. Stroke is one of the major causes of dementia, disability, and mortality worldwide. The rise in the prevalence of stroke has been attributed to the shortage of vascular neurology services in underdeveloped African nations. Numerous initiatives have been initiated to expand access to these services in particular settings due to the various circumstances that have contributed to their restricted availability; nonetheless, more stroke care policies need to be implemented on a larger scale in order to improve outcomes.

Conclusion

In particular, for underserved areas, this study gives an overview of the difficulties and opportunities related to the availability of vascular neurology services in Africa. Although the accessibility of these services is still below the necessary levels, legislators, medical experts, and international organizations may collaborate to improve access and outcomes.
Abstract 271: The Artificial Intelligence Revolution in Stroke Care: A Decade of Scientific Evidence in Review
Authors: Naamani Kareem El , Musmar Basel , Gupta Nithin , Ikhdour Osama , Abdelrazaq Hamam , Ghanem Marc , M Wali , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula , Gooch Michael , Rosenwasser Robert , Jabbour Pascal , Herial Nabeel
Published: March 2024

Introduction

The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical medicine is ever‐increasing and in time‐dependent, tissue‐based evaluation and treatment of ischemic stroke, AI is clearly proving its utility. In the past decade, scientific publications evaluating the use of AI in stroke care have increased exponentially and information on level of evidence is limited.We aim to systematically review the use of AI in different areas of stroke care, evaluate the level of evidence, and demonstrate the trend of scientific publications in the past decade.

Methods

A systematic search of electronic scientific databases from 2013 to 2022 was conducted with inclusion of published studies that incorporated AI in all areas of stroke care: prevention, diagnosis, acute care and rehabilitation. Studies published in languages other than English, not directly relevant to stroke care and AI, and any duplicate studies were excluded.

Results

Our study comprised of 623 studies divided into 101 (16.2%) review studies, 9 (1.4%) meta‐analyses, 140 (22.5%) methodology articles, 2 (0.3%) case reports, 2 (0.3%) case series, 31 (5%) case‐control studies, 277 (44.5%) cohort studies, 16 (2.6%) cross‐sectional studies, and 45 (7.2%) experimental studies. Role of AI in stroke diagnosis was the most frequently explored areas in the published literature (n=275, 44.1%). Our trend analysis showed that the number of studies focusing on AI in stroke significantly increased in the past decade from 1 study in 2012 to 242 studies in 2022 (p=0.0001).

Conclusion

Majority research focused on role of AI in stroke diagnosis and rehabilitation with more data and input needed in stroke treatment. Although several articles demonstrate AI’s precision and efficacy, utility across the spectrum of stroke care remains to be seen.
Abstract 272: Effect of Level of Education on Outcomes of Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Rodriguez Wilson , Kaur Gunjanpreet , Narayanan Karthik , Chen Yongzhen , Gao Xiaoyi , Scott Jordan , Esechie Aimalohi , Christopher Kara , Miremadi Brian
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Multiple epidemiological studies have investigated the association between stroke clinical outcomes and education level. However, the relationship between the level of education in patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is limited. We aim to assess if the level of education is associated with poor functional outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of ≥3, in patients following MT.

Methods

We reviewed 257 patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) who underwent MT between 2018 and June 2023, education levels were available on 106 patients. Education level was defined as “less than high school” (n=15, 14.2%), “high school” (n=54, 50.9%), and “college or higher” (n=36, 34%), 1 of these with “other” education level was excluded from the analysis. Chi‐square and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to examine potential differences in education level and outcomes. All analyses were conducted in IBM SPSS Statistics version 29.

Results

Compared to those with a college or higher education, those with a less than high school education were more likely to have a poor functional outcome (mRS ≥3) at 90 days. (p=0.03). Black patients were more likely to have a less than high school education than white patients (30.0% vs 4.8%) p<0.001. There were no significant differences in mortality, length of hospitalization, comorbid conditions, Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS), or initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS).

Conclusion

In our cohort, patients with less than a high school education are more likely to have poorer functional outcomes 90 days post‐MT compared with patients with a college education or higher. Interestingly, there was no significant statistical difference noted in initial NIHSS, ASPECTS, and length of hospitalization between these cohorts. Larger post‐thrombectomy cohorts should be used to further investigate these initial results. In addition, it is important to note that education and race are intertwined in this study, though our relatively small sample of post‐thrombectomy patients limited our analyses. Future research should evaluate this relationship further.
Abstract 273: Exploring trends in LVO EVT treatment of fringe patients by race
Authors: Abdelkhaleq Rania
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Following the publication of the randomized clinical trials in 2015 and 2018 on endovascular stroke therapy (EVT), procedural utilization has increased. Guidelines have since been developed and followed regarding cut‐offs for patient treatment eligibility. Here, we explore the trends in EVT treatment of patients categorized as “fringe” patients by race.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cross‐sectional analysis using the SVIN Registry with records from 2010 to 2021. This dataset includes all LVO AIS patients that underwent EVT. Patients were categorized as “fringe” or “non‐fringe” based on NIHSS (<6), ASPECTS (<6), pMRS (>1), proximal vs distal occlusion, last known well to arrival time (>24 hours), and age (>85). Fringe cutoffs were determined using typical guidelines. Outcomes were compared between White patients and Black/African American patients to determine trends in treating fringe patients with EVT. Chi‐squared analyses were utilized for outcomes.

Results

Among the 7,018 patients 4,791 patients were White and 1,821 patients were black. Median age was 69 (IQR: 58‐79). Median NIHSS was 17 (IQR: 11‐22). Focusing on the White and Black/AA patient population, a greater percentage of LVO patients that underwent EVT and were considered “fringe” were Black/AA patients (66% vs 71%). We also found that there are significant differences among these fringe categories categories: age, (20% vs 7.9%, p<0.001 white vs black), proximal occlusion (52% vs 58%, p<0.001, white vs black), and of having sICH (4.2% vs 2.8% p=0.03 white vs black). Comparing fringe categories between races, White patients were more likely to be >85 years of age, have a distal occlusion, and have sICH than Black/AA patients. Of note, while there was not a significant difference in last known well to CSC arrival times between the race groups, White patients were more likely to receive tPA (37% vs 30%, p<0.001, White vs Black/AA).

Conclusion

These findings indicate that there may be a presence of racial bias in treatment decision‐ making that should be further explored. Further, there is proof that indications for EVT interventions are being expanded past guidelines in order to provide treatment for a wider range of patients.
Abstract 276: CT versus MR based imaging for ischemic stroke triage: effect on workflow during contrast shortage
Authors: Fakih Rami
Published: March 2024

Introduction

We assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as a substitute for computed tomography (CT) angiography and perfusion for triaging ischemic stroke patients during the national shortage of iodinated contrast medium between May 4th to July 17th 2022.

Methods

We compared the rates of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator treatment (IVT) and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), changes in treatment times, and patient outcomes (defined by modified Rankin Scores (mRS) at discharge) before (4 months period) and after (3 months period) transitioning from CT angiography (CTA) and perfusion (CTP) to Fast MRI imaging.

Results

We analyzed 241 patients in the CT‐based group and 166 patients in the MR‐based group. EVT was performed on almost twice as many patients in the CTA/CTP group (12%) compared to the Fast MRI group (6.6%), but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.07). Workflow processing time showed no significant difference, with similar time intervals for door‐to‐needle, door‐to‐interventioanal radiology suite, door‐to‐puncture, and door‐to‐first pass. However, the CTA/CTP group exhibited a trend towards faster overall times. Both groups had similar rates of mRS 0‐2 at discharge (41.9% vs 43%, p=0.82).

Conclusion

We observed a non‐significant reduction in the rate of EVT during the period of MRI substitution secondary to the iodinated contrast medium shortage, although treatment times and patient outcomes were similar.
Abstract 280: Risk Factors in 90day Ischemic Stroke Readmissions
Authors: Song Shlee S.
Published: March 2024

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to conduct a retrospective Medicare Fee‐For‐Service medical claims analysis to identify risk factors associated with 30‐day and 90‐day readmissions in ischemic stroke patients.

Methods

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services(CMS) Standard Analytic File(SAF) Limited Data Set(LDS) 100% Inpatient, Outpatient and Denominator files 2017‐2019 and ICD‐10‐CM diagnosis codes were used to identify ischemic stroke. Study Population includes all patients with an ischemic stroke inpatient admission in 2018 and were continuously enrolled with Medicare FFS for 1 year prior to and following their initial 2018 stroke admission. Factors considered in analysis include patient age, sex, geographic region, Medicaid dual eligibility, disability status prior to age 65, comorbidities, admission length of stay, discharge disposition, and hospital characteristics. Comorbidities were identified based on ICD‐10 codes on health claims for the full‐year preceding stroke and up to the index stroke hospitalization. We compared these factors among patients who were readmitted within 90‐days post initial stroke admission to those who were not admitted to identify risk factors for readmission

Results

Among the 200,058 patients discharged following an ischemic stroke in 2018, 25.9% (n=51,860) had an all‐cause 90‐day readmission. Fewer females and white individuals had a 90‐day readmission (53.5% female and 83.1% white in 90‐day population compared to 54.9% and 82.1% in study population). Discharge disposition of subacute nursing facility (SNF) represents 36.1% of the readmission population compared to 27.8% of the study population and 40.2% of those discharged home, in study population vs 36.0% of the readmission cohort. Characteristics that represent a larger portion of the 90‐day readmission cohort compared to the study population include disabled/ESRD (24.8% vs 20.6%) and dual eligible (26.9% vs 22.4%). Comorbidities with the greatest difference in prevalence between the 90‐day readmit and non‐readmit cohorts are coronary cardiac disease (60.48% prevalence in readmit cohort vs 52.62% in non‐readmit cohort), heart failure (37.85% vs 29.24%, diabetes 48.31% vs 42.08%), atrial fibrillation (40.45% vs 36.67%), and chronic kidney disease (39.82% vs 31.23%). In multivariate regression analysis, the factors independently associated with a greater risk of readmission within 90 days were hypercoagulation (1.359 [95%CI, 1.1274‐1.45]), opiod abuse and dependence (1.353 [95%CI, 1.238‐1.478]), chronic kidney disease (1.347 [95%CI, 1.316‐1.379]), liver disease (1.318 [95% CI, 1.26‐1.378]), and heart failure (1.282 [95%CI, 1.25‐1.315]).

Conclusion

Patient discharge disposition and comorbidities are driving factors in 90‐day readmissions following an ischemic stroke and differ from 30‐day readmissions. Idenfification of these risk factors will help inform the next phase of analysis to design data driven interventions to work towards reducing a large driver of healthcare cost.
Mapping the Viewer Experience in Cinematic Virtual Reality: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yu Zhiyuan , Lo Cheng-Hung
Published: March 2024

In recent years, the creative media landscape has witnessed growing interests surrounding the utilization of virtual reality (VR) as a novel visual narrative approach for both filmmakers and audiences. This trend is accompanied by an increase in studies aimed at scientifically examining the characteristics and principles of immersive visual storytelling. This paper intends to contribute to this growing field by offering a comprehensive review on the current research development in cinematic virtual reality (CVR), which employs VR technology to produce immersive, cinematic experiences for audiences. While extant research has focused on the content generation techniques and human performance implicated in virtual environments, such investigations may not fully explain the medium adaptation differences or emotional dimensions of narrated immersive experiences. These aspects are especially crucial in the context of visual storytelling through VR film, 360-degree video production, or other narrated experiences. The proposed study systematically categorizes CVR-related research, revealing the field's current state by narrowing the focus to specific topics and themes within CVR literature and highlighting key subdomains of interest centered on viewers’ experience measurement techniques. The findings of this review are expected to establish formal categories for implementing visual CVR to achieve immersive visual storytelling and provide a comprehensive analysis of current viewer experience measurements.
Rebels, Revolutionaries, Returnees: Palestinian Women’s Cinema as World Cinema
Authors: Trbic Boris
Published: March 2024

Grounded in Patricia White’s theorization of women’s cinema as world cinema, this article discusses select feature, documentary, and short films of two contemporary Palestinian women filmmakers, Najwa Najjar and Annemarie Jacir. Identifying the transformative and emancipatory processes within Palestinian society and the new Palestinian narratives of return as key elements in their films, this article concentrates on their contribution to the aesthetics and politics of Palestinian cinema. White’s theoretical framework allows for the analysis of the feminist and postcolonial concerns of Palestinian women filmmakers, their engagement with the minor form, and the place of their films within global production and distribution contexts. Taking into account the new responsiveness of Palestinian and global audiences, it also allows for the discussion of their increasingly prominent role in Palestinian cinema and their contribution to the struggle of women filmmakers for better conditions within the film industry.
A new species of Sumapazomyia Fogaça, Couri, Pérez & de Carvalho (Diptera: Muscidae) from Colombia
Authors: RAMOS-PASTRANA YARDANY , UNI-URREGO KAREN YULIETH , FOGAÇA JOÃO M.
Published: March 2024

Sumapazomyia Fogaça et al. 2019, is a monotypic Andean genus from the Colombian Andes. Here we described one new species of Sumapazomyia from Colombia, namely Sumapazomyia quimbaya sp. nov. (type-locality: Risaralda, Otún, Quimbaya, Santuario de Fauna y Flora Otún Quimbaya), and an identification key to segregate the two species, including color images and illustrations of male and female terminalia is given. The distribution of the two species is mapped.
1. New Directions in the Sierra Norte de Sevilla
Authors: Myers Kathleen Ann
Published: March 2024

Featuring the case study of Juan Vázquez Morán and his family, this chapter describes

life within the industry of transhumance as well as the incredible dedication and commitment needed to excel in this profession, particularly to ensure ethical practices. It depicts transhumance, the seasonal movement of herd animals, as an extensive grazing model undergoing a (not entirely voluntary) process of modernization. Morán and other shepherds now own their livestock, and their family members look for other ways to develop markets for their products. He talks of the hardships and prejudice of growing up in a shepherding family but also of the heart-warming solidarity that can be found within this community. The chapter provides insights into communication between shepherds and their sheep or goats and into ethical milking practices. While highlighting the challenges of traditional pastoralism, this chapter also comments on the growing hope amongst workers as the profession develops and a larger system of support emerges. This chapter concludes with an update on Juan’s life and profession following the COVID-19 pandemic.
Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) in Support of Next-Generation NOAA Satellite Constellation
Authors: Cucurull Lidia , Anthes Richard A. , Casey Sean P. F. , Mueller Michael J. , Vidal Andres
Published: March 2024

Between 2014 and 2018, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration conducted the NOAA Satellite Observing System Architecture (NSOSA) study to plan for the next generation of operational environmental satellites. The study generated some important questions that could be addressed by observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs). This paper describes a series of OSSEs in which benefits to numerical weather prediction from existing observing systems are combined with enhancements from potential future capabilities. Assessments include the relative value of the quantity of different types of thermodynamic soundings for global numerical weather applications. We compare the relative impact of several sounding configuration scenarios for infrared (IR), microwave (MW), and radio occultation (RO) observing capabilities. The main results are 1) increasing the revisit rate for satellite radiance soundings produces the largest benefits but at a significant cost by requiring an increase in the number of polar-orbiting satellites from 2 to 12; 2) a large positive impact is found when the number of RO soundings per day is increased well beyond current values and other observations are held at current levels of performance; 3) RO can be used as a mitigation strategy for lower MW/IR sounding revisit rates, particularly in the tropics; and 4) smaller benefits result from increasing the horizontal resolution along the track of the satellites of MW/IR satellite radiances. Furthermore, disaggregating IR and MW instruments into six evenly distributed sun-synchronous orbits is slightly more beneficial than when the same instruments are combined and collocated on three separate orbits.
Letting go of what doesn’t work in education: A conversation with Rick Ginsberg and Yong Zhao
Authors: Vail Kathleen
Published: March 2024

Rick Ginsberg and Yong Zhao want educators to question the status quo and clear out ineffective practices to make room for K-12 reforms that work. Their 2023 book, Duck and Cover: Confronting Dubious Practices in Education, Ginsberg and Zhao examine kindergarten readiness, college- and career-readiness, reading proficiency by 3rd grade, social and emotional learning, education technology, class size, dress codes, state standardized testing, meta-analysis, and more.
Exploring Asymmetries in Self-Concept Change After Discrepant Feedback
Authors: Brotzeller Franziska , Gollwitzer Mario
Published: March 2024

Receiving self-relevant feedback that is discrepant from one’s self-concept can lead to self-concept change. However, it is currently unclear whether positive or negative feedback has a larger effect on self-concept change. Across four studies (total N = 1,438), we demonstrate that intentions for self-concept change (Study 1) as well as actual self-concept change (Studies 2, 3, and 4) are larger (a) for larger discrepancies between self-concept and feedback and (b) for negative compared to positive discrepancies. Exploring these effects further in Study 4, we find no evidence that the opportunity for improvement influences whether self-concept change is positively or negatively biased. In sum, the present research provides consistent evidence for a negativity bias in self-concept change, investigates a theoretical explanation, and discusses alternative explanatory approaches.
A Cytotoxicity Assay as an Alternative to the Murine Model for the Potency Testing of Bothrops jararaca Venom and Antivenom: An Intralaboratory Pre-validation Study
Authors: Nundes Renata N.C. , Almeida Antonio E.C.C. , Moura Wlamir C. , Gonzalez Marcelo S. , Araújo Humberto P.
Published: March 2024

Antivenom therapy is the only specific treatment for snakebite envenomation, and antivenom potency determination is key in the efficacy assurance quality control process. Nowadays, this process relies on the in vivo murine model — thus, the development of alternative in vitro methods is imperative. In the current study, the principle of the proposed method is the ability of Bothrops venom to induce cytotoxic effects in Vero cells, and the capacity to evaluate the inhibition of this cytotoxicity by the respective antivenom. After exposure to the venom/antivenom, the relative proportions of adherent (viable) cells were evaluated by direct staining with Coomassie Blue. The optical density (OD) of the lysed cell eluate was directly proportional to the number of adherent cells. This cytotoxicity-based alternative method could represent a potential candidate for validation as a replacement for the current in vivo test. The in vitro-determined cytotoxicity of the Brazilian Bothrops reference venom (expressed as the 50% effective concentration; EC50) was 3.61 μg/ml; the in vitro-determined 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the Brazilian Bothrops reference antivenom was 0.133 μl/ml. From these two values, it was possible to calculate the potency of the reference antivenom. The results from the assays exhibited a good linear response, indicating that the method could be a potential candidate replacement method for use in antivenom quality control prior to lot release, subject to further validation.
The improvised expert: Staging authority at an OECD Nuclear Energy Agency workshop in Fukushima
Authors: Takahashi Makoto
Published: March 2024

In recent years, concerns about a crisis of expert authority have been expressed across the globe. Japan is no exception to this trend. Scandals surrounding the (mis)management of the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant disaster severely damaged public confidence in state institutions, posing an additional challenge for those engaged in radiological protection. This article examines how claims to expert authority are made in these conditions of low public trust. To this end, I offer an ethnographic account of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency’s (NEA) Workshop on Post-Accident Food Safety Science—an event staged at the request of the Japanese Cabinet Office with the aim of inspiring confidence in Fukushima produce. I analyse the practices through which the organizers craft a credible public persona using the idiom of dramaturgical improvisation; drawing attention to the ‘performed resourcefulness’ with which they adapted extant institutional scripts in response to a discerned crisis of public reason. Concretely, improvisation invites us to consider how and why nuclear policy actors have sought to demarcate two variants of the deficit model: the (psychological) discourse of ‘radiophobia’ and the (economic) discourse of ‘reputational damage’. Where prior scholarship has identified the continuities between the two discourses, an attention to this boundary work reveals the dramaturgical advantages of ‘reputational damage’ over ‘radiophobia’ in contesting critics’ claims to the mantle of victimhood, securing international support, and producing the expert’s body as a site of evidence.
Spatial Clustering of Malnutrition and Anemia Among Reproductive Women and Its Associated Risk Factors in India: Evidence From National Family Health Survey-5
Authors: Ghosh Koustav , Chakraborty Atreyee Sinha , Haloi Banashri , Zakir Sofia
Published: March 2024

Background:

Malnutrition and anemia are 2 severe public health concerns, predominantly in low-and middle-income nations. Malnutrition is defined as poor nutritional condition that encompasses both under nutrition and over nutrition. The prevalence of overweight or obesity and anemia has increased in India from 2016 to 2021. The study aims to investigate the spatial clustering and factors responsible for underweight, overweight/obesity, and anemia among reproductive women (15-49 years) in India using the data from National Family and Health Survey-5 (2019-2021).

Methods:

We conducted hot-spot analysis using Moran’s Index (MI) with the help of spatial analysis software (i.e., GeoDa 1.18 and ArcGIS 10.8). It also demonstrates the autocorrelation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis has been performed to examine different determinants and risk associated with underweight, overweight/obesity, and anemia with various dependent variable by using Stata-14 software.

Results:

Moran’s Index for underweight (MI = 0.68), overweight/obesity (MI = 0.72), and anemia (MI = 0.62) indicates a high level of spatial-autocorrelation ( P < .001) exists across the districts in India. As a result, a total of 156, 143, and 126 hot-spot districts are detected for underweight, overweight/obesity, and anemia, respectively. The burden of undernutrition and anemia is higher in rural areas. Risk of under nutrition and anemia are both reduced by media exposure and eating habits. Moreover, low income and low education level raises the risk of anemia and undernutrition, while obesity shows an inverse trend with income and education level.

Conclusion:

The study recommends targeting hot-spot districts for malnutrition and anemia, and policy level initiatives by addressing the responsible risk factors.
A TOPSIS-based thermal performance optimization of DHCTHX using MWCNT nanofluids
Authors: Chandrasekar Manickam , Mukesh Kumar Periyasamy Chokkeyee , Kumaravel Singarampillai Thangavelu
Published: March 2024

Double-helically coiled tube heat exchangers are employed in many different heat transfer applications because of their better heat transfer capabilities and compact construction. The double helically coiled tube heat exchanger (DHCTHX) improves turbulence and maximizes heat transfer rate compared to straight tubes. A full factorial, orthogonal array of trials is used in this study (L27) to test various volume concentrations of nanofluids. The pressure drop, de, LMTD0C, re, and F have all been attempted to be optimized using the order preference similarity to the ideal solution technique. In this case, the mass flow rate and volume concentration are the variables for the input process, while the outputs are the heat transfer rate, pressure drop, de, LMTD0C, and F. The experimental results show that a nanofluids volume concentration is 0.6% and its mass flow is 120 with a range of 1460 Dean Numbers, which is the optimal configuration for maximizing the overall heat transmission and minimizing the pressure drop. The multiple-criteria decision-making technique was used in this study to identify the ideal cooling fluids in a DHCTHX with a significant pressure drop. The multi-walled carbon nanotube nanofluids may be used instead of conventional coolants in conjunction with the DHCTHX. According to this strategy, A3B1 is the ideal value, which aligns with the experiments’ findings.
Differentiated Trust Strategies and Rebellious Acceptance: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of the Trust Strategies Used by Scientist Communicators and Citizen Science Communicators in Chinese Online Climate Communication
Authors: Yang Zheng , Yang Tao
Published: March 2024

Trust is a core issue in online climate communication where communicators are found to be diverse. This study explores the trust strategies used by different communicators and their audience acceptance in climate communication on Zhihu through Qualitative Comparative Analysis. The results indicate there are structured differences in the trust strategies adopted by scientist communicators and citizen science communicators when facing climate change issues. In terms of audience acceptance, audiences have shown considerable initiative and exhibited an acceptance characteristic with certain Chinese cultural features which highlights the context of acceptance in the research and practices of trust issues in climate communication.
Platelet Function Testing to Guide Cangrelor Dosing in Patients with Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support or as a Bridge to Procedure
Authors: Buck Margaret M. , Barry Chelsea I. , Montepara Courtney A. , Verlinden Nathan J.
Published: March 2024

Cangrelor is a rapid-acting, intravenous P2Y12 inhibitor that can be used in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention who require mechanical circulatory support or as a bridge to procedure. We retrospectively reviewed adult patients who received platelet function testing (PFT) with the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay while on cangrelor from March 2021 through November 2022. All patients were initiated on 0.75 mcg/kg/min of cangrelor with P2Y12 reaction unit (PRU) values collected 12–24 h after initiation. Cangrelor doses were adjusted per protocol to maintain PRU values of 85–208. A total of 42 patients were included. Thirty-eight patients (90.5%) required temporary mechanical circulatory support while on cangrelor, and 4 patients (9.5%) received cangrelor as a bridge to procedure. The median cangrelor maintenance dose was 0.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.375–0.75) mcg/kg/min, and the median time in therapeutic range with a PRU value between 85 and 208 was 66.6% (IQR: 39.6%-100%). No patients experienced stent thrombosis. A composite major adverse cardiovascular event occurred in 4 patients (9.5%), and major bleeding occurred in 16 patients (38.1%). Compared to empiric cangrelor dosing of 0.75 mcg/kg/min, PFT-guided cangrelor dose adjustment was associated with a median drug cost savings of $1605.60 (IQR: $0-4281.56). Utilizing PFT with cangrelor may allow for lower, individualized dosing while preventing stent thrombosis.
Experimental and numerical investigation of scale model used in the development of a spent nuclear fuel transport cask
Authors: Lan Tianbao , Dong JiaoJiao , Sheng Feng
Published: March 2024

To investigate the dynamic response and validate the structural integrity of a spent fuel transportation cask under the 9 m drop condition, a 1/3 scale model was utilized in a 9 m side drop test, considering the constraints of development cost and test facilities. The relationship between the response variables of the scaled model and the prototype model is obtained by Π theorem under impact drop conditions. The influencing parameters for the scale model of spent fuel transport cask drop were systematically discussed. Several numerical models of varying scales are used for verification. Finally, the 9 m drop test of the 1/3 scale model was conducted to compare the acceleration response and deformation of the 1/3 scale numerical model. The study concludes that the acceleration and deformation of the numerical model closely match the test results, and the numerical model of the prototype model represents the dynamic response of the prototype model. Furthermore, the study examined the reflections of the scale model in comparison to the real model, taking into account the dispersity of wood material and strain rate. The analysis and conclusions can be applied in engineering practice and can inspire subsequent cask designs, especially for a scaled model.
Challenges in the Pursuit of an Indigenous Psychology: A Self-Reflection
Authors: Paranjpe Anand
Published: March 2024

This paper describes a variety of challenges faced by the author in studying and promoting indigenous psychologies of the Indian intellectual and cultural traditions. It narrates specific instances which tried to present a variety of obstacles that discouraged the author from his pursuit. For example, when a colleague stated that indigenous psychology is nonsense insofar as science is universal, and like physics, it does not admit regional variations; teachers or colleagues expressed extreme dejection about research on Yoga; he was advised against studying Indian psychology as it would ruin career prospects; his articles or book manuscripts were routinely rejected, and so on. In a specific situation, when a young colleague was hounded out of the department for his association with a school of theology, an example was set indicating that the religious association of Yoga would be dangerous. An autobiographical account is chosen over a survey or abstract analysis since academic pursuit must be sustained despite specific sorts of personal experiences that tend to undermine study and pursuit of indigenous psychologies. On the other hand, support offered by opposite types of experiences and by encouragement by mentors is also described.
The Effect of Delivery Time on Repurchase Behavior in Quick Commerce
Authors: Harter Alice , Stich Lucas , Spann Martin
Published: March 2024

“Quick commerce” refers to meeting consumers’ instant needs by delivering products ordered online within minutes. Although speed is thus inherently important, little is known about how deviations from communicated delivery times (whether late or early) might affect repurchase behavior. The authors study the effects of delivery time deviations on repurchase behavior using a large, customer-level, transaction data set from a Western European food delivery service and a controlled online experiment. The results show that late (early) deliveries increase (decrease) interpurchase times; these effects diminish with larger deviations. The results also show that late deliveries have a stronger effect on repurchase behavior than early deliveries of the same magnitude. The controlled online experiment establishes customer satisfaction as the underlying psychological mechanism that mediates the effect of delivery time deviations on repurchase behavior. These findings advance understanding of delivery time deviations and repurchase behavior by complementing prior research on disconfirmed waiting times and quick commerce. Practitioners can use the results to optimize their delivery algorithms, operations, and service recovery efforts.
Advances in epileptic network findings of hypothalamic hamartomas
Authors: Wang Di , Lu Di , Zhang Mingtai , Dai Anqi , Jin Guangyuan , Wang Qiao , Zhang Yuyang , Kahane Philippe
Published: March 2024

Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are congenital developmental malformations located in the hypothalamus. They are associated with a characteristic clinical manifestation known as gelastic seizures (GS). However, the traditional understanding of HHs has been limited, resulting in insufficient treatment options and high recurrence rates of seizures after surgery. This is consistent with the network hypothesis of focal epilepsy that the epileptogenic zone is not only limited to HH but may also involve the distant cerebral cortex external to the HH mass. The epilepsy network theory, on the other hand, provides a new perspective. In this study, we aim to explore HH-related epilepsy as a network disease, challenging the conventional notion of being a focal lesional disease. We analyze various aspects of HHs, including genes and signaling pathways, local circuits, the whole-brain level, phenotypical expression in terms of seizure semiology, and comorbidities. By examining HHs through the lens of network theory, we can enhance our understanding of the condition and potentially identify novel approaches for more effective management and treatment of epilepsy associated with HHs.
Bending resistance mechanism of prestressed ultra-high performance concrete - reinforced concrete beam based on a full-scale experiment
Authors: Sun Xiangdong , Ma Yuquan , Jiang Feng , Fan Xueming , Wu Honglin
Published: March 2024

Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is a new type of engineering material with high compressive strength, high tensile strength, and high fracture toughness. Its bending failure mechanism is different from that of traditional concrete beams, which requires a new computational model to describe the bending failure phenomena of the prestressed ultra-high performance concrete - reinforced concrete (UHPC-RC) beam without web reinforcement. Therefore, this paper, through full-scale tests on a 30m prestressed UHPC-RC beam without web reinforcement, captures unique bending failure phenomena, including initial cracking, development of local cracks, and rupture of prestressed steel strands. Considering the tension-compression constitutive relationship of UHPC material, an innovative computational model for bending bearing capacity is proposed. Based on this model, a study on the minimum reinforcement ratio of full prestressed-ordinary steel bars is conducted. The results show that in the bending failure of the prestressed UHPC-RC beam without web reinforcement, excessive tensile strain of steel strands will occur at the local crack location. At this time, the structure does not satisfy the assumption of plane sections, and the introduction of the calculation model of the limit state of external prestressed tendons can effectively match this model, which is highly consistent with the experimental results. The minimum reinforcement ratio of full prestressed-ordinary steel bars is revised to the auxiliary reinforcement ratio of full prestressed-ordinary steel bars, quantifying the minimum reinforcement requirements of ordinary steel bars. The research results of this paper can provide reference for the next step of theoretical research.
Social media marketing activities in the Indian airlines: Brand equity and electronic word of mouth
Authors: Khan Mohammad Furqan , Amin Faseeh , Jan Anisa , Hakak Irfan Ahmad
Published: March 2024

Through a thorough model that describes how positive electronic word of mouth spreads in online communities, this research article has made a noteworthy addition to social media marketing. The study proves that social media marketing activities operate as catalysts for brand equity, promoting brand loyalty and favourable online word of mouth. The study also examines the connection between electronic word of mouth and brand loyalty. The study thus theoretically supports the “stimulus organism response” model and emphasizes the significance of brand loyalty in fostering positive electronic word of mouth. This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between independent and dependent elements mentioned in the research framework. Between March 1 and March 15, 2023, a survey of Indians who had taken a flight was done, and the data were used to conduct an empirical inquiry. Convenience sampling was used to study three international airports in Northern India. Finally, regression analysis using structural equation modelling was conducted to examine the relationship and impact between the study’s constituent parts. The outcomes of the path analysis support every one of the research hypotheses. The results show how an airline brand’s social media marketing activities influence several brand equity components and other outcomes, which have numerous theoretical and practical ramifications.
How auctions shape the value of education: Tendering-based procurement as management tool in adult education
Authors: Holmqvist Diana
Published: March 2024

Management tools do more than manage and organise – they classify and contribute to the construction of education-as-concept. This article shows how tendering-based procurement, used by Swedish municipalities to outsource adult education to non-public providers, works to commensurate ‘education’ into measurable tender evaluation criteria. Drawing on the sociology of conventions approach and 47 procurement examples, I show that tendering evaluation criteria define what constitutes ‘desirable’ education through various degrees of commensuration. Further, I show how mechanisms intended to evaluate and compare bids also construct the value of education different – for example, promoting cost-efficiency as valuable; constructing education as an on-demand service; or by assuming a supply-and-demand approach and viewing value as fluid. Based on the exemplified commensurations and valuations, I discuss the consequences of education privatization via tendering-based procurement. Since competition is inherently built into the tool, it becomes valuable. Further, procurement recasts education stakeholders into market roles and reshapes their relationships. In short, the article underscores the importance of understanding how education privatization is organized and what role management tools play in shaping education, calling for critical education research to delve into their dynamics and impact.
Predicting the memorability of scene pictures: Improved accuracy through one’s own experience
Authors: Navarro-Báez Sofia , Undorf Monika , Bröder Arndt
Published: March 2024

There are conflicting findings regarding the accuracy of metamemory for scene pictures. Judgements of stimulus memorability in general ( memorability judgements [MJs]) have been reported to be unpredictive of actual image memorability. However, other studies have found that judgements of learning (JOLs)—predictions of one’s own later memory performance for recently studied items—are moderately predictive of people’s own actual recognition memory for pictures. The current study directly compared the relative accuracy and cue basis of JOLs and MJs for scene pictures. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants completed an MJ task and a JOL task in counterbalanced order. In the MJ task, they judged the general memorability of each picture. In the JOL task, they studied pictures and made JOLs during a learning phase, followed by a recognition memory test. Results showed that MJs were predictive of general scene memorability and relied on the same cues as JOLs, but MJ accuracy considerably improved after the JOL task. Experiment 3 demonstrated that prior learning experiences drove this increase in MJ accuracy. This work demonstrates that people can predict not only their own future memory performance for scene pictures with moderate accuracy but also the general memorability of scene pictures. In addition, experiences with one’s own learning and memory support the ability to assess scene memorability in general. This research contributes to our understanding of the basis and accuracy of different metamemory judgements.
Repression breeds resistance: A call for a methodology of radical solidarity and love to respond to the prison industrial complex and academia's eugenic tendencies
Authors: Xinachtli  , Ilyés Emese
Published: March 2024

This collaborative autoethnographic article traces psychology's complicity in systems of oppression while highlighting pathways toward liberation. An expression and embodiment of radical solidarity, this article is the product of a research collaboration between an incarcerated justice advocate and a critical psychologist. Critical autoethnographic methods are leaned on to lift experiences of prison as an oppressive institution and illuminate forms of resistance. We strategically and deliberately co-created this methodological approach to joyfully render prison walls metaphorically porous, to seep through surveillance mechanisms (both within the prison and academia), and to build liberatory worlds through our words. Situating mass incarceration as an extension of colonial displacement and enslavement, we dialogically examine how psychology has upheld white supremacy through the illusion of objectivity and neutrality. Psychological concepts like critical consciousness and resilience are re-theorized to center embodied, collective struggles. Calling for psychology to move beyond apologies toward deep structural change and distributive justice, we advocate for centering the experience of those historically excluded in knowledge construction, resource allocation, and leadership. Imagining a psychology of love and solidarity, we urge dismantling oppressive institutions through pedagogies of radical solidarity. Our collaboration—across prison walls—models methodologies of mutual aid, conscientization, and power sharing to build a liberatory psychology.
Investigating the Nexus of Control of Corruption, Green Finance, and Environmental Upgradation in Developed Economies
Authors: Habib Rabia , Aksar Muhammad , Nadeem Aleena
Published: March 2024

This comprehensive study investigates the intricate relationships among three pivotal components: green finance, corruption control, and ecological footprint, with the primary objective of revealing the synergies shaping sustainable development. The research examines how environmentally aligned financial practices, effective anti-corruption measures, and responsible resource management collectively influence the ecological footprint within the top 10 developed economies, offering insights into strategies for fostering sustainable growth. Ecological footprint (EFT) data was obtained from the Global Footprint Network, while green finance (GFIN) data was sourced from the Asian Development Bank. The panel data used in the study spanned 18 years from 2000 to 2018 for the 10 selected countries. To address issues of endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity, the system generalized method of moments (GMM) was employed for hypothesis testing. By employing advanced modeling techniques, particularly the system generalized method of moments, the study verifies the positive impact of green finance in reducing the ecological footprint and carbon emissions, providing actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners in the OECD. Formulating two hypotheses, it assesses the positive relationship between green finance (GFIN) and ecological footprint (EFT) while considering control variables, and the negative relationship between GFIN and carbon emissions (CO2). Furthermore, it underscores the significance of control variables, such as control of corruption, population, GDP, and trade openness, in influencing ecological footprints and carbon emissions. These findings contribute invaluable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, guiding the path toward sustainable practices and a greener future in developed nations.