bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Properties of Ultra-Light Thermal Insulation Foamed Cement-Based Composites
Authors: Gao Yuxin , Cheng Baojun , Kang Shengrong , Ma Pengfei
Published: June 2021

In this paper, ordinary portland cement, aerogel powder, graphite modified polystyrene (EPS) particles, foaming agent and additives were used to successfully prepare ultra-light insulation foamed cement-based composite with dry density of 120 kg/m3. The effects of graphite modified EPS particles on its density, mechanical properties and thermal conductivity were studied. The research results show that: When adding graphite modified EPS particles with volume content of 30%, the foam concrete has the best performance, with compressive strength of 0.25 MPa and thermal conductivity of 0.0326 W/(m·K); It shows that the compressive strength can be maximized and the thermal conductivity can be minimized when the filling amount of graphite modified EPS particles and the pore structure of foamed cement-based materials reach the best composite ratio.
Thermal Behavior and Stress Response of Steel-concrete Structures under Solar Radiation
Authors: Liu Fatong , Liu Xiaorui , Wang Jie , Sun Ke
Published: June 2021

Steel-concrete structures are widely used because of their large space and strong plasticity, but the long construction period, complex splicing process and other factors will make the main body of the structure directly exposed to solar radiation, resulting in temperature changes on the surface of steel structure and concrete structure. In order to obtain the stress changes of steel-concrete structures under solar radiation, two kinds of steel-concrete structures with different support forms were simulated. Under three temperature gradients, the thermal behavior and mechanical properties of two kinds of steel-concrete structures composed of upper steel roof and lower concrete support were analyzed. The results show that there is a linear relationship between the thermal behavior and stress response of steel-concrete structure and the daily temperature difference caused by solar radiation. Under the action of thermal effect, the stress difference between the lower steel frame of the full support structure and the lower steel frame of the support structure on both sides is about 10.7%.
Analysis of the Sustainability of Bridges
Authors: Hang Hung Wai
Published: June 2021

Bridge is an indispensable infrastructure since ancient times, and the structure types of bridge are divided into beam type, arch type, cable-stayed bridge and suspension bridge. Bridges need to be safe and strong for a long time. Architects are always looking for ways to make Bridges last longer. This paper analyzes the sustainability of bridges. The way to extend the service life of the bridge will be discussed.
Cracking Analysis of Shield Construction Segments Based on Boss Unevenness
Authors: Pi Chunming , Zeng Dexing , Liu Wen , Yao Xiangchuan
Published: June 2021

As the most basic structural unit of shield tunnel, the segment will cause tunnel quality problems and ultimately affect the service life of the tunnel. Based on the actual project, this paper takes the segmental cracking phenomenon in the a large diameter shield tunnel as the research object, and analyzes the influence of the three protruding bosses of the cracked segment itself and the adjacent small ring on the segment cracking. Mechanical analysis, and finite element simulation of the force form of the tube under the unevenness of the boss. Through analysis, it is found that the three bosses of the cracked tube itself have little effect on the cracking of the segment, and the unevenness of the annular seam is the main cause of cracking of the segment. The analysis of this paper can take effective control measures to reduce the impact of cracks in shield tunnels on the normal construction of shield tunnels.
Study on icing mechanism of porous asphalt pavement
Authors: Xie Jianguang , Wang Zhaoxin , Wang Zhanqi
Published: June 2021

Cold weather influents most parts of China in winter. Pavements are easy to freeze, and the frozen pavements can affect traffic safety and reduce traffic efficiency. For porous asphalt pavement, low temperature has more serious effect on it and it is easier to freeze. The paper takes porous asphalt pavement as the research object, simulates its freezing phenomenon in winter, and measures the ice thickness and freezing depth. The freezing process of porous asphalt pavement is deduced.
Stability analysis and repair of a garbage dam
Authors: Wang Xiaohua
Published: June 2021

Garbage dam is an important structure of sanitary landfill, but there is no systematic stability calculation method at present. In this paper, the present situation of a garbage dam is investigated in detail, and it is found that the local settlement of the dam body is large, and there is the possibility of instability. Then, the soil samples were collected from the dam body and the indoor geotechnical tests were carried out. Based on the test data, the GEO-SLOPE software is used to carry out the numerical simulation analysis of the garbage dam. The results of the numerical analysis show that the safety factor of the garbage dam does not meet the requirements of the code, and there is a risk of instability. In view of the problems existing in the dam body, this paper puts forward the solutions for the reinforcement of the dam body, which effectively eliminates the problems of Seepage Damage and crack damage. The results show that the numerical analysis is correct and the reinforcement effect is effective.
Experimental study of working performance and mechanical properties to rubber with limestone powder concrete
Authors: Zhao Z F , Zhang X Z , Li L F , Yang Y
Published: June 2021

The influence of limestone powder concrete on working performance and mechanical properties are researched under which it is changed substitution rate of rubber powder and mixing ratio of rubber powder with different fineness under equal substitution rate. Take C30 concrete as an example, two proportioning schemes are set respectively: The machine-made sand of limestone powder concrete is replaced by 20 mesh rubber powder equal volume; Under the specific constant volume rate of substitution, changing the mixing ratio of 20 and 40 mesh rubber powder to research working performance and mechanical properties of concrete. The results show that the substitution rate of 20 mesh rubber powder is less than 10%, increasing the slump of concrete. On the contrary, the slump of concrete decreases sharply and the flow performance weakens. The compressive strength of concrete decreases sharply when increasing substitution rate of 20 mesh rubber powder. When Increaseing the mix ratio of 20 and 40 mesh rubber powder under equal substitution rate, the slump of concrete increases and the compressive strength increases first and then decreases. Fixing the mixing ratio, the slump and compressive strength decrease with the increase of rubber powder substitution rate. When the mixing ratio of 20 and 40 mesh rubber powder is 2:1, the compressive strength of concrete is higher.
Comparative study of single and two way observation in precision leveling
Authors: Xu Yiteng
Published: June 2021

Precise leveling is an important part of engineering construction project. With the increasing requirements of engineering construction projects, the demand for smart leveling is also increasing, but in the actual survey operation, there are many shortcomings in precision leveling, which has a certain impact on engineering project construction and scientific research. Through the comparative analysis of one-way leveling and two-way round-trip leveling, it is found that there is still uncertainty in the replacement of two-way round-trip leveling by one-way leveling.
Research on UAV Oblique Photography Route Planning in the Investigation of Building Damage after the Earthquake
Authors: Cheng Xianzhou , Lin Jiasi , Zhao Xuezhi , Xiao Shuang
Published: June 2021

The post-earthquake building damage investigation is an important part of the earthquake emergency rescue work. It is a prerequisite for the ability to determine the location of the buried people and rescue the victims in the shortest time. Therefore, the timeliness of the post-earthquake building survey is a significant factor. The 3D reconstruction model of buildings based on UAV tilt photography has the advantages of multi-angle and three-dimensional, but it is too time-consuming. Therefore, this paper proposes a UAV tilt photography route planning algorithm. This algorithm improves the efficiency of the three-dimensional reconstruction of the building and saves valuable time for emergency rescue work. The algorithm requires two drone flights. During the first flight, the drone flies horizontally to get the aircraft POS data. With the POS data, the corresponding feature points on the ground will be obtained. According to the clustering of the feature points, the building oblique photography path planning area will be generated. Finally a reasonable drone route planning will be produced. During the second flight, the flight route generated by the algorithm was used to take oblique photography of the building to produce a three-dimensional reconstruction model. The final building model will be obtained based on the combination of the models obtained from the two flights. After contrast experiments with traditional oblique photography, the algorithm in this paper is significantly superior to the traditional oblique photography method in terms of building 3D reconstruction efficiency.
Underwater Signal Measurement and Transmission Experiment Equipment Design for LIDAR
Authors: Li Xianxing , Zhou Guoqing , Zhou Xiang , Lin Gangchao , Li Weihao , Deng Ronghua , Zhang Lieping
Published: June 2021

When carrying out related test experiments of shipborne LIDAR, it is necessary to launch lasers to areas with different water depths and confirm the working conditions of LIDAR according to the received waveform conditions, to debug the LIDAR. There is no special introduction to the indoor platform for this kind of testing. This article proposes an indoor LIDAR experiment platform, which will focus on the basic settings of the laser, sink, and reflector in the experiment, the design ideas and rationality of the sink and reflector modules, the experimental steps, and how to effectively obtain the waveform. This platform has good applications in parameter correction, waveform acquisition, water depth measurement, and other aspects of LIDAR design.
Study on numerical simulation method of overtopping dam break of concrete faced sand-gravel dam
Authors: Qiu Wen , Li Yanlong , Wen Lifeng , Bu Peng
Published: June 2021

Based on the field investigation of dam break cases, a numerical simulation method of concrete faced sand-gravel dam overtopping break is proposed. The method is mainly composed of three parts: (1) Aiming at the erosion and scour of vortex flow on dam body, appropriate model is used to simulate the flow movement; (2) The interaction between water flow and sand particles in dam break process is accurately simulated; (3) Based on moment balance method, the failure process of concrete face slab under dead weight and water load is determined. The results show that the proposed mathematical simulation method can accurately simulate the reverse erosion of the dam and the detailed evolution of the face slab break during the dam break process. The relative error between the measured data and the calculated peak breach flow, the development of the breach of the rockfill body, the duration of the dam break and the length of the face slabs are all less than 15%, which verifies the rationality of the numerical model.
Influence of community opening on road traffic
Authors: Zhang Haifei , Zou Du
Published: June 2021

The State Council of our country has put forward the idea of gradually opening up the completed residential quarters and unit compound, which has a different impact on the traffic of the roads around the residential quarters and a reasonable analysis of the index system, and then uses the analytic hierarchy process to study the impact of the opening of the residential quarters on the traffic of the surrounding roads.
Numerical Study on Soil Width in Quasi-Static Pushover Test of Soil-Underground Structure System
Authors: Han Runbo , Xu Chengshun , Du Xiuli , Zhang Zihong
Published: June 2021

Based on the test results of series quasi-static tests carried out by JSCE Committee, the rationality of the numerical model for quasi-static test of soil-underground structure system was verified. Then a quasi-static pushover test scheme was introduced, the verified numerical model was adopted to study the reasonable range of soil width in the quasi-static pushover test of soil-underground structure system. The results indicated that for this quasi-static pushover test scheme, when α (α is the ratio of the distance from boundary to the model structure to the model structure’s width) is 0.5 to 1.2, error of the seismic capacity of the key structural components obtained by the test method is relatively small.
Research on Key Technology of Integral Translation and Rotation of the Large-Diameter Shield and Steel Sleeve in the Underwater Tunnel of the Karnaphuli River, Bangladesh
Authors: Han Xiaoming , Zhu Jinpeng , Zhang Feilei , He Yuan , Zhong Han
Published: June 2021

The construction of the underwater tunnel of the Karnaphuli River in Bangladesh boasts the characteristics such as short time limit, small working shaft space and a large weight of the shield tunneling machine and etc.. Moreover, the translation and rotation of the shield tunneling machine are the key link of the entire construction, which also takes a longer time and is more difficult to achieve. The existing rotating technology of a shield tunneling machine and its applicable conditions were analyzed to conquer the difficulties like the tight time limit and the high mechanical level of disassembling and assembling of the shield tunneling machine in this project. The technology of integral translation and rotation of the large-diameter steel sleeve of the shield and the shield tunneling machine was proposed according to its characteristics and the present situation of confined working space. The technology mainly includes the design and application of the new steel ball base, the preparation of the working shaft space and its base, the leveling and translation of the shield tunneling machine, the translation of the shield machine, and its rotation at 180° in situ. The sliding friction between the sleeve base and the bottom plate of the working shaft is turned into rolling friction by the new steel ball base, which can effectively reduce the resistance of the translation and rotation of the steel sleeve. In a word, the working efficiency can be highly improved and the construction period can be shortened.
Analysis of remote sensing monitoring methods for construction land at home and abroad
Authors: Zhou Yang , Liu Nana , Yu Rongsheng
Published: June 2021

This article stars from the construction land remote sensing detection at home and abroad research situation analysis, summarizes various analysis methods, using spatial information technology in the process of urban construction land scale spatial distribution of different land use types and the spatial and temporal evolution of urban ecological environment quality evaluation, simulation, scientific development and management to provide decision support for the city, at the same time can also be used for land use planning, it provides reference for ecological and environmental governance. This can improve and enhance the level of urban planning and management, guide and control the future direction of urban development reasonably, so as to promote the coordinated development of cities.
Study of downscaling method for coarse-resolution soil moisture product using combined AIRSAR and PALS Radiometer data
Authors: Sun Yayong , Li Nan , Ma Jianwei , Huang Shifeng , Zhu He
Published: June 2021

As an important component of soil, soil moisture plays an important role in material and energy transmission between hydrosphere, biosphere and atmosphere. It is of great significance to accurately understand the spatial and temporal distribution of soil moisture in large areas. At present, the spaceborne passive microwave remote sensing could achieve the accurate surface soil moisture of large areas, but at the low spatial resolution (10-50km). Therefore, its application was restricted. In this paper, a downscaling algorithm of passive microwave soil moisture products based on C-band backscattering coefficient is developed, and the algorithm is verified by L-band PALS Radiometer data and C-band AIRSAR data, the correlation coefficient R between the soil moisture content and the measured value is 0.71, and the root mean square error is 0.053cm3 · cm−3. According to the verification results of measured data, the downscaling algorithm of soil moisture retrieval products based on C-band backscattering coefficient is reliable.
3D Scene Localization and Mapping Based on Omnidirectional SLAM
Authors: Ke Xilin , Huang Fei , Zhang Yi , Tu Zhiyong , Song Weiwei
Published: June 2021

The vision SLAM technology is the key technology of robot navigation and unmanned driving. In order to further study the accuracy of multi-view SLAM positioning and mapping applications, this paper combines omnidirectional imaging and SLAM technology, improves the existing technical model in the field of omnidirectional imaging, studies the pose map optimization and SLAM overall adjustment technology based on object constraints and global consistency, and carries out omnidirectional SLAM point cloud reconstruction and 3D mapping. Through the time synchronization experiment of Ladybug 5 Plus and Femtomes Mini2-D-INS, the two positioning results of the system and the GNSS measurement results are compared and analysed.
Visual analysis of research results of multi-source nighttime light data from the audit perspective
Authors: Cui Hongwu , Chen Li , Li Xinfeng
Published: June 2021

Based on the literature data of multi-source nighttime light research in the core database of Web of science from 2010 to 2020, combined bibliometric analysis and audit analysis, analysed by Cite Space software, the research results of multi-source nighttime light data are separately audited by integrated analysis, unit analysis, node correlation analysis and word frequency node classification. The main conclusions are: (1) After the initial and stable development of multi-source nighttime light data, it is in the rapid development period; (2) China and the United States are the main research countries (3) “City” is a research hotspot, and “China” is the main research object; (4) The research fields mainly focus on remote sensing, environmental science, imaging science and photographic technology, geography physical, and others.
Study on the Probability Model of Ship-Bridge Collision
Authors: Yu Guangnian , Gan Weidong
Published: June 2021

Based on the comprehensive analysis of the existing major ship collision probability models, this paper combined the advantages of the AASHTO model and the KUNZI model and improved AASHTO model by using the ship simulator to obtain the ship’s track probability distribution curve to replace the original geometric probability distribution curve. It also introduced ship stopping probability function to make up for the shortcomings of the AASHTO model in which the influence of human factors is not considered. Finally, this paper predicts the collision probability of the Longjiang Bridge in 2025 with the improved model.
Detection of grouting effect in defective areas of metro concealed tunnels in loess areas
Authors: Chen Qingrui , Zheng Xuanrong , Shang Xuexuan , Lv Gao , Yang Kang , Qi Jiahui , Xue Ruilei , Cheng Weikang
Published: June 2021

The occurrence of grouting defect areas in metro concealed excavation tunnels will lead to water seepage or deformation of the tunnels, which in turn will affect the metro operation and the safety of the buildings around the metro. In order to detect the effect of grouting in defective areas of concealed tunnel, this paper introduces the principle and characteristics of seismic scattering technology, and illustrates the application of this technology in detecting the effect of grouting in defective areas of concealed tunnel in Xi’an metro line 6 from Textile City to Textile Road with the application example of seismic scattering technology. The results show that: the grouting area shows high speed anomalies in the wave velocity image, and the defect area shows low speed anomalies, and the location and morphology of the grouting area and the defect area can be determined according to the distribution of high and low wave velocity anomalies in the wave velocity image. The technology also has the features of simple operation, large detection depth and high resolution, which is an effective tool for future urban metro construction and environmental impact detection and evaluation.
Formation of a nanostructured diamond-like phase from C48 clusters: Ab initio calculations
Authors: Greshnyakov V A , Belenkov E A
Published: June 2021

A new fullerene-like cluster C48 and a nanostructured cubic diamond-like phase formed from an ordered condensate of these clusters were theoretically investigated. Calculations of structures, properties and stability were performed using the density functional theory method. It was found that the new cluster should be stable under normal conditions. As a result of the hydrostatic compression of the C48 clusters, a high-strength semiconducting diamond-like phase, called CA7, can be obtained at 26.5 GPa. The CA7 phase can be unambiguously identified experimentally using a calculated powder X-ray diffraction pattern.
Calculation of the main parameters of the press extruder
Authors: Klasner G G , Kremyansky V F , Spiridonov A M
Published: June 2021

In this work the issues of extrusion of leguminous crops are considered, information on modeling of process processes of press-extruders is given, analysis of the modern market of press-extruders is carried out and patent search of existing inventions in the field of extradited production is performed. A press extruder for processing leguminous crops has been developed and detailed information about the developed press extruder is presented. The ratio of the extruder power to the number of revolutions per minute was calculated.
Gear tooth action in a plane synthesis based on the criterion of constant curvature
Authors: Timofeev G A , Barkova A A
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the problem of the gear tooth action in a plane synthesis based on the criterion of tooth profile wheel group curvature is justified. Based on a mathematical model of gear tooth action in a plane with a constant angular speed ratio, an algorithm for solving the problem with a given constant curvature is given. The obtained solutions allow us to perform an analysis of the general type of lantern gear in a plane.
Special automatic control system for the accuracy of processing axisymmetric workpieces
Authors: Drachev O I , Gorshkov B M , Samokhina N S
Published: June 2021

The article discusses a special automatic control system for the machining process as applied to metal turning lathe. In processing, generalized information about the precision parameters of the processing system is gathered that makes affordable to integrate four control loops into its system. The first control loop stabilizes the tool post body. The second control loop stabilizes the workpiece axis during cutting. The third control loop stabilizes the cutting edge and the fourth one stabilizes the tool-workpiece.
Changing properties of mechanically activated water suspensions
Authors: Rudnev S D , Krikun A I , Feoktistova V V
Published: June 2021

The authors carried out a series of experimental studies to research the changes of properties in mechanically activated water and suspensions. This article presents a part of the combined temperature and hydrogen exponent studies carried out at two different universities, using two separate approaches to mechanical dispersion. Study I used a planetary whisk mixer, whereas study II used a vibrating mechanical activator, which is a modern alternative to dispersion devices used at food production facilities. The research of the properties of mechanically activated water and liquid suspensions using these methods was conducted due to both the importance of these substances for all areas of the food production industry, and the modern development of technologies and techniques used at production facilities, as well as the lack of unity among the numerous research studies conducted by leading scientists specializing in the study of the properties of water, liquid suspensions and emulsions in resting and activated states. The results of the experimental studies conducted directed authors to conduct further research of mechanically activated suspensions during the filtration process.
Ensuring the collection of mechanical engineering products, taking into account the tolerances for computer-aided design in “GePARD.3D”
Authors: Zhuravlev D , Khvaschevskaya L , Shabalin A , Gaer M
Published: June 2021

The article discusses a geometric approach to ensuring the assembly of mechanical engineering products, taking into account the spatial permissible deviations of components in computer-aided design using configuration manifolds and biquaternions. The main advantage of this approach is the modeling of assemblies taking into account the tolerances with the possibility of direct access to the tree for constructing the 3D model of the product, which greatly facilitates the user’s work. The developed configuration model of the assembly and the technology for analyzing spatial dimensional relationships in the product, taking into account the tolerances and using biquaternions, allow obtaining analysis results with predictable accuracy already at the stage of geometric modeling.
Binary control characteristics of resistive models of the induction devices
Authors: Tyapin A A , Panteleev V I , Kinev E S , Efimov S N , Bezhitsky S S
Published: June 2021

The article presents an approach to the construction of parametric models of power circuits for metallurgical induction devices. The parameters of the equivalent circuit of inductors intended for mixing the aluminum melt or heating it before extrusion have components determined by the properties of the secondary element. The properties of the metal change during heating, therefore, in order to create adequate mathematical models, the simulation systems should take into account the change in reactivity and losses. Staged control of reactivity using controlled keys is considered traditional. Adjustable resistive components of equivalent circuits are rarely used. As a means of controlling the mode of equivalent resistive two-terminal devices, a code impulse action on the switches is proposed, which changes the impedance in dynamics. Controlling the step of the impulse action on two-pole models with their serial, parallel and mixed connection, can provide the required smooth nature of the resistive conductivity change. To carry out a numerical experiment, two-pole switchable models of different bit sizes have been built, which have the properties of analog-digital elements. The study of typical circuits of parametric links was carried out using a circuit simulator, while examples of adjusting characteristics of operating and system parameters were obtained. In the course of a numerical experiment, a solution was obtained for a set of operating parameters of an induction device, reflected by a family of vector diagrams.
Methods of diagnostics of electrical equipment by fiber-optic sensors on the Faraday Effect
Authors: Levina T M , Bilalova D N
Published: June 2021

One of the important problems in the operation and creation of a complex technical system is the provision of diagnostics of electrical equipment. This is especially important when diagnosing electrical equipment at an industrial complex belonging to the class of spark -explosive production facilities. The task of ensuring the operability of electrical equipment and preventing emergency situations due to timely detected breakage or violation of the insulation properties of the equipment includes a whole range of certain measures. In the process of operation, technical diagnostics of electrical equipment occupies a special place among complex technical devices at oil refineries. One of the most modern sensors for diagnosing electrical equipment is multiplicative sensors, which use optical fiber. Fiber-optic sensors have special proper-ties. The Faraday Effect is the basis for the construction of fiber-optic sensors for diagnostics of electrical equipment. Methods for diagnosing electrical equipment with fiber-optic sensors based on the Faraday Effect depend on the principles of the sensors themselves. This article presents the results of the study of the creation of experimental fiberoptic sensors based on the Faraday Effect. In this paper, it is proposed to carry out diagnostics of electrical equipment at an industrial complex belonging to the class of spark - explosive production facilities, such as oil refineries, using the use of fiber-optic sensors based on the Faraday Effect.
Cloud computing in industrial automation systems
Authors: Mentsiev A U , Kulpeiis Y A , Smagulova K K
Published: June 2021

Automated systems in industries increase production and make things more accurate. These both things give very much profit to the manufacturer. No doubt these automated systems of different types reduced the rate of error and increase efficiency but it was facing some very serious issues like loss of data, security of data, and maintenance of the automated system. These are issues where cloud computing involves resolution and provides solutions to overcome these issues. This paper describes the problems of automated systems in industry and the help of cloud computing for the mitigation of the issues faces by automated systems. In this paper discussion about the future role of cloud computing is described for enhancing the automation in industry.
On the application of a model for assessing the transactional reliability of information systems of industrial enterprises
Authors: Kovalev I V , Kovalev D I , Testoyedov N A , Borovinskii D V , Koltashev A A , Shatrov A K , Bartenev V A
Published: June 2021

The article examines an example of the application of a model for assessing the transactional reliability of information systems of industrial enterprises. This transactional reliability determines the correctness of the calculations performed and the integrity of the data, and, consequently, the characteristics of the quality of software tools that are used in information systems of industrial enterprises to perform control and data processing functions. It is shown that all the parameters of this model can be obtained from the results of testing the system, which makes it possible to construct adequate estimates of the reliability parameters. The calculated indicators obtained using the developed model differed from the real ones by no more than 5%, which indicates the sufficient adequacy of the model. The modern system Microsoft Dynamics 365 for Finance and Operations (Dynamics AX/Axapta) was used as an environment for modeling and analyzing the transactional reliability of software tools.
Information modernization of the general theory of environmental safety ensuring
Authors: Dmitrieva I A , Mileshko L P , Begun O V , Berezhnaya A V
Published: June 2021

A brief analysis of the content of the concept “information” in ecology is given. The purpose of this work is to analyze the features of the information component of the second and third principles of the ensuring environmental safety general theory. It is noted that information interactions in ecological systems play a key role in terms of the possibility of maintaining a balance in them to ensure environmental safety. It is argued that the information components of ecological systems of the environment have a physicochemical meaning, which consists in the reflection of material-energy changes in the form of an information environment (information field) of all subsystems. Information processing can be viewed as a kind of partial modification of self-organization. In open systems (pumped) that give off entropy, information can be acquired. It is the entropy and, of course, the uncertainty of the position of the system that can only increase, i.e. information itself can be nothing more than lost. Thus, the indicated problem seems to be important, essential for the currently achieved level of development of the general theory of ensuring environmental safety and information theory.
Use of silt sludge after biological wastewater treatment for crop yields increasing
Authors: Tikhonova A A , Vladimtseva I V , Mogilevskaya I V , Kolotova O V , Minchenko L A , Spivak M E
Published: June 2021

Researching the possible use of the silt sludge after biological wastewater treatment from the industrial enterprises for increasing the agricultural crops’ yield was spent. Silt sludge is obtained as a result of biological wastewater treatment in column-type aeration tanks. Founded the concentration’s increase of macro - and microelements in the silt sludge, improvement of the sanitary status and decrease of the heavy metals content after its treatment by the enzyme-cavitation method. Low-intensity cavitation with a cavitation number (0.01-0.05) with air oxygen saturation of the sediment (at least 10 mg/m3) allows for deep organic matter mineralization, dehydration pathogenic microflora’s destruction and dehilmintization. Shown the obtained complex fertilization into soil gives it nitrogen, humus and sulfur and increases the winter wheat’s yield.
Investigation of composition and properties of EAF dust for metal reduction
Authors: Kalganov D A , Pavlov D A , Anzulevich A P , Butko L N , Tolkachev V A , Peng Z
Published: June 2021

In this work, we investigated the composition and structure of the dust of electric arc steelmaking furnaces. We considered the process of direct reduction of metals (mainly Zn and Fe) with biochar from EAF dust. For better control over chemical transformations, it is proposed to use microwave heating of a mixture of EAF dust and biochar. Possible chemical and phase transformations for complex oxides in the composition of EAF dust have been determined.
Comparative analysis of CAD software packages for engineering design
Authors: Magomedov I A , Bagov A M , Elmurzaev A A
Published: June 2021

This work is focused on the comparison of two software packages Solidworks and Inventor. The following two software packages are well known for their ability to design and they share a leading position in the market. A comparison of the functionality of the two software packages will be made. The difference will be outlined on the divorce tools they have. The market share of CAD software packages will also be briefly outlined. Both software packages will then be compared for how easy they are to use for customers. Lastly, the availabilities of the following software will be discussed.
Design, fabrication and testing of the package-on-package microcircuit
Authors: Marcinkevich K R , Lunkov P V , Kirienko D A , Putrolaynen V V , Belyaev M A , Yartsev A V
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the results of the development of a package-on-package multichip microcircuit with three-dimensional integration of processor and memory dies. The stages of fabrication the upper part of the microcircuit with several memory dies, which are mounted by the wire bonding method, and the lower part of the microcircuit, on which the processor die is attached by the flip-chip method, are described. After the fabrication of the microcircuit by combining the upper and lower substrates, a multi-stage functional testing of the processor and memory dies is performed using a test board and software loaded into the microcircuit memory.
Capacitive sensors of mechanical strain
Authors: Ignakhin V S , Sekirin I V , Shilovskiy N A
Published: June 2021

The paper reviews recent research and applications of both laboratory prototypes and commercially fabricated capacitance gauges of mechanical strain. Basic operational principles as well as advantageous points of each type of sensors are considered. The prospective areas of applications of the capacitive gauges are briefly considered. The properties of other strain gauges are briefly discussed and compared with those of the capacitive sensors.
Changes in social, psychological and physical well-being in the last 5 years of life of older people with cancer: a longitudinal study
Authors: Pivodic Lara , De Burghgraeve Tine , Twisk Jos , van den Akker Marjan , Buntinx Frank , Van den Block Lieve
Published: June 2021

Background

older people with cancer are at risk of complex and fluctuating health problems, but little is known about the extent to which their well-being changes in the last years of life.

Objective

to examine changes in physical, psychological and social well-being in the last 5 years of life of older people with cancer.

Design

prospective cohort study.

Setting

Belgium, the Netherlands.

Participants

people with a new primary diagnosis of breast, prostate, lung or gastrointestinal cancer, aged ≥70 years, life expectancy >6 months, were recruited from nine hospitals. We analysed data of deceased patients.

Methods

data were collected from participants around diagnosis, and after 6 months, 1, 3 and 5 years through structured questionnaires administered through interviews or as self-report. Outcomes were physical, emotional, social, role functioning (EORTC QLQ-C30), depressive symptoms (GDS-15), emotional and social loneliness (Loneliness Scale). We conducted linear mixed model analyses.

Results

analysing 225 assessments from 107 deceased participants (assessments took place between 1,813 and 5 days before death), mean age at baseline 77 years (standard deviation: 5.2), we found statistically significant deterioration in physical functioning (b = 0,016 [95%confidence interval 0.009–0.023]), depressive symptoms (b = −0,001 [−0.002 to 0.000]) and role functioning (b = 0.014 [0.004–0.024]). Changes over time in emotional and social functioning and in social and emotional loneliness were smaller and statistically non-significant.

Conclusions

care towards the end of life for older people with cancer needs to put their social and psychological well-being at the centre, alongside physical needs. Future research should focus on understanding inter-individual variation in trajectories.
Machine-learning scoring functions trained on complexes dissimilar to the test set already outperform classical counterparts on a blind benchmark
Authors: Li Hongjian , Lu Gang , Sze Kam-Heung , Su Xianwei , Chan Wai-Yee , Leung Kwong-Sak
Published: June 2021

The superior performance of machine-learning scoring functions for docking has caused a series of debates on whether it is due to learning knowledge from training data that are similar in some sense to the test data. With a systematically revised methodology and a blind benchmark realistically mimicking the process of prospective prediction of binding affinity, we have evaluated three broadly used classical scoring functions and five machine-learning counterparts calibrated with both random forest and extreme gradient boosting using both solo and hybrid features, showing for the first time that machine-learning scoring functions trained exclusively on a proportion of as low as 8% complexes dissimilar to the test set already outperform classical scoring functions, a percentage that is far lower than what has been recently reported on all the three CASF benchmarks. The performance of machine-learning scoring functions is underestimated due to the absence of similar samples in some artificially created training sets that discard the full spectrum of complexes to be found in a prospective environment. Given the inevitability of any degree of similarity contained in a large dataset, the criteria for scoring function selection depend on which one can make the best use of all available materials. Software code and data are provided at https://github.com/cusdulab/MLSF for interested readers to rapidly rebuild the scoring functions and reproduce our results, even to make extended analyses on their own benchmarks.
TDP-43 stabilizes G3BP1 mRNA: relevance to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Sidibé Hadjara , Khalfallah Yousra , Xiao Shangxi , Gómez Nicolás B , Fakim Hana , Tank Elizabeth M H , Di Tomasso Geneviève , Bareke Eric , Aulas Anaïs , McKeever Paul M , Melamed Ze’ev , Destroimaisons Laurie , Deshaies Jade-Emmanuelle , Zinman Lorne , Parker J Alex , Legault Pascale , Tétreault Martine , Barmada Sami J , Robertson Janice , Vande Velde Christine
Published: June 2021

TDP-43 nuclear depletion and concurrent cytoplasmic accumulation in vulnerable neurons is a hallmark feature of progressive neurodegenerative proteinopathies such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Cellular stress signalling and stress granule dynamics are now recognized to play a role in ALS/FTD pathogenesis. Defective stress granule assembly is associated with increased cellular vulnerability and death. Ras-GAP SH3-domain-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) is a critical stress granule assembly factor.

Here, we define that TDP-43 stabilizes G3BP1 transcripts via direct binding of a highly conserved cis regulatory element within the 3ʹ untranslated region. Moreover, we show in vitro and in vivo that nuclear TDP-43 depletion is sufficient to reduce G3BP1 protein levels. Finally, we establish that G3BP1 transcripts are reduced in ALS/FTD patient neurons bearing TDP-43 cytoplasmic inclusions/nuclear depletion.

Thus, our data indicate that, in ALS/FTD, there is a compromised stress granule response in disease-affected neurons due to impaired G3BP1 mRNA stability caused by TDP-43 nuclear depletion. These data implicate TDP-43 and G3BP1 loss of function as contributors to disease.
Repair of O6-carboxymethylguanine adducts by O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in human colon epithelial cells
Authors: Kostka Tina , Empl Michael T , Seiwert Nina , Geisen Susanne M , Hoffmann Pascal , Adam Janine , Seeger Bettina , Shay Jerry W , Christmann Markus , Sturla Shana J , Fahrer Jörg , Steinberg Pablo
Published: June 2021

The protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is able to repair the mutagenic O6-methylguanine (O6-MeG) adduct back to guanine. In this context, it may protect against colorectal cancer formation associated with N-nitroso compounds. Such compounds may be endogenously formed by nitrosylation of amino acids, which can give rise to mutagenic O6-MeG and O6-carboxymethylguanine (O6-CMG) adducts. It is well established that O6-MeG is repaired by MGMT. However, up to now, whether O6-CMG is repaired by this enzyme remains unresolved. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the fate of both types of O6-guanine adducts in the presence and absence of MGMT activity. To this end, MGMT activity was efficiently blocked by its chemical inhibitor O6-benzylguanine in human colon epithelial cells (HCECs). Exposure of cells to azaserine (AZA) caused significantly higher levels of both O6-MeG and O6-CMG adducts in MGMT-inhibited cells, with O6-CMG as the more abundant DNA lesion. Interestingly, MGMT inhibition did not result in higher levels of AZA-induced DNA strand breaks in spite of elevated DNA adduct levels. In contrast, MGMT inhibition significantly increased DNA strand break formation after exposure to temozolomide (TMZ), a drug that exclusively generates O6-MeG adducts. In line with this finding, the viability of the cells was moderately reduced by TMZ upon MGMT inhibition, whereas no clear effect was observed in cells treated with AZA. In conclusion, our study clearly shows that O6-CMG is repaired by MGMT in HCEC, thereby suggesting that MGMT might play an important role as a tumor suppressor in diet-mediated colorectal cancer.
Constitutive Hedgehog/GLI2 signaling drives extracutaneous basaloid squamous cell carcinoma development and bone remodeling
Authors: Grachtchouk Marina , Liu Jianhong , Hutchin Mark E , Harms Paul W , Thomas Dafydd , Wei Lebing , Wang Aiqin , Cummings Donelle , Lowe Lori , Garlick Jonathan , Sciubba James , Chinnaiyan Arul M , Verhaegen Monique E , Dlugosz Andrzej A
Published: June 2021

Uncontrolled activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, operating through GLI transcription factors, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma and contributes to the development of several malignancies arising in extracutaneous sites. We now report that K5-tTA;tetO-Gli2 bitransgenic mice develop distinctive epithelial tumors within their jaws. These tumors consist of large masses of highly proliferative, monomorphous, basaloid cells with scattered foci of keratinization and central necrosis, mimicking human basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC), an aggressive upper aerodigestive tract tumor. Like human BSCC, these tumors express epidermal basal keratins and differentiation-specific keratins within squamous foci. Mouse BSCCs express high levels of Gli2 and Hh target genes, including Gli1 and Ptch1, which we show are also upregulated in a subset of human BSCCs. Mouse BSCCs appear to arise from distinct epithelial sites, including the gingival junctional epithelium and epithelial rests of Malassez, a proposed stem cell compartment. Although Gli2 transgene expression is restricted to epithelial cells, we also detect striking alterations in bone adjacent to BSCCs, with activated osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteal macrophages, indicative of active bone remodeling. Gli2 transgene inactivation resulted in rapid BSCC regression and reversal of the bone remodeling phenotype. This first-reported mouse model of BSCC supports the concept that uncontrolled Hh signaling plays a central role in the pathogenesis of a subset of human BSCCs, points to Hh/GLI2 signaling as a potential therapeutic target and provides a powerful new tool for probing the mechanistic underpinnings of tumor-associated bone remodeling.
Reinstatement of Cortical Outcome Representations during Higher-Order Learning
Authors: Luettgau Lennart , Porcu Emanuele , Tempelmann Claus , Jocham Gerhard
Published: June 2021

Naturalistic learning scenarios are characterized by infrequent experience of external feedback to guide behavior. Higher-order learning mechanisms like second-order conditioning (SOC) may allow stimuli that were never experienced together with reinforcement to acquire motivational value. Despite its explanatory potential for real-world learning, surprisingly little is known about the neural mechanism underlying such associative transfer of value in SOC. Here, we used multivariate cross-session, cross-modality searchlight classification on functional magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from humans during SOC. We show that visual first-order conditioned stimuli (CS) reinstate cortical patterns representing previously paired gustatory outcomes in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). During SOC, this OFC region showed increased functional covariation with amygdala, where neural pattern similarity between second-order CS and outcomes increased from early to late stages of SOC. Our data suggest a mechanism by which motivational value is conferred to stimuli that were never paired with reinforcement.