bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pesquisa por agentes zoonóticos em tatus (Mammalia: Cingulata) da espécie Euphractus Sexcinctus da Caatinga
Authors:   , Oliveira, Ilanna Vanessa Pristo de Medeiros
Published: December 2024

A participação dos tatus nos ciclos de enfermidades zoonóticas possivelmente atuando como agentes disseminadores dos patógenos vem sendo estudada há décadas. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar a ocorrência de Trypanossoma cruzi, Toxoplasma godii, Leishmania spp. e Leptospira spp. em tatus da espécie Euphractus sexcinctus capturados em regiões da caatinga no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, no nordeste do Brasil. Foram capturados 20 animais dessa espécie dos quais foram coletadas amostras de sangue total e de tecidos de rins, fígado, baço, coração e pulmão para realização de PCR, Hemocultura e Soroaglutinação microscópica. Para o T. cruzi foram utilizados a hemocultura e o PCR dos tecidos sanguíneo e cardíaco; para pesquisa do T. gondii foi realizado o teste molecular de PCR de baço, coração e pulmão; para identificação da Leishmania spp. fez-se PCR de baço e fígado e para investigação da infecção pela Leptospira spp., realizou-se Soroaglutinação microscópica e qPCR. Todos os nossos resultados negativaram, exceto um animal que se mostrou positivo para a Doença de Chagas no PCR de sangue, não apresentando relevância estatística. A ausência da infecção pode indicar que o controle dos patógenos dentro dos ciclos urbanos e entre humanos influencia na ocorrência das doenças nos animais do ambiente silvestre da mesma região, o que também levanta a hipótese de haver uma relação direta entre as infecções humanas e de tatus.
Conservação e qualidade do maracujazeiro amarelo produzido na região de Mossoró, rn
Authors:   , Aguiar Ana Verônica Menezes de
Published: December 2024

O maracujá amarelo é um dos frutos mais produzidos e o terceiro suco mais consumido no Brasil. No entanto, a sua conservação e armazenamento ainda é alvo de estudos, por se tratar de um fruto que perde água facilmente, depreciando a sua aparência e sendo rejeitado pelo mercado do consumo in natura. O mercado do processamento mínimo de frutas e hortaliças se mostra promissor e o maracujá amarelo minimamente processado tem ganhado as prateleiras pois chama a atenção do consumidor pela praticidade e por poder avaliar a qualidade/aparência da polpa no momento da compra, porém é um produto de maior perecibilidade. Neste sentido o objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar frutos de maracujazeiro amarelo em dois estádios de maturação produzidos na região de Mossoró – RN, avaliar o seu potencial de conservação e qualidade em atmosfera modificada em condição de temperatura ambiente e refrigerado e a polpa minimamente processada submetida a refrigeração e congelamento. No primeiro experimento, foram caracterizados frutos de maracujazeiro amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims.) enxertado, produzidos na região de Mossoró - RN, quanto aos aspectos físicos, físico-químicos e potencial antioxidante em dois estádios de maturação. Os frutos apresentaram massa, formato, rendimento de polpa e suco, espessura da casca, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável e pH desejáveis para o consumo in natura como para a indústria em ambos estádios de maturação. O teor de vitamina C foi menor quando comparados aos encontrados na literatura para frutos não enxertados. O teor de β-caroteno foi maior em frutos no estádio de maturação III. No segundo experimento, foi avaliado o potencial de conservação de fruto do maracujazeiro amarelo enxertado, submetido a atmosfera modificada e armazenados em temperatura ambiente e refrigerado. Os efeitos da temperatura de armazenamento afetam apenas a aparência do fruto depreciando-a, não interferindo na qualidade da polpa de maracujá amarelo e o uso da atmosfera modificada reduz a perda de água dos frutos. E no terceiro experimento, foram avaliadas a conservação e qualidade físico-químicas da polpa de maracujá minimamente processada, colhida em dois estádios de maturação, e submetido ao armazenamento sob refrigeração e congelamento. As polpas minimamente processadas de maracujá amarelo enxertado armazenadas à 5° ± 2º C e -18° ± 2º C mantiveram seu aspecto e qualidade dentro dos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira até os 14 e 56 dias de armazenamento, respectivamente
Comportamento de cultivares de meloeiro e melancieira em cenários de mudanças climáticas no semiárido brasileiro
Authors:   , Melo Talyana Kadja de
Published: December 2024

A fenologia e a demanda hídrica das culturas podem ser alteradas pelas mudanças climáticas, afetando a produtividade das principais culturas agrícolas. Com isso, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar os impactos futuristas das mudanças climáticas (temperatura e umidade relativa do ar) sobre o desenvolvimento e a evapotranspiração de variedades de meloeiro e melancieira, cultivadas no semiárido brasileiro. Os dados foram obtidos de experimentos conduzidos na Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes, no município de Mossoró, RN, Brasil. Para o meloeiro: o primeiro experimento foi realizado de dezembro de 2006 a fevereiro de 2007, avaliando o meloeiro (Cucumis melo L.) tipo Honey Dew híbrido ―County‖. No segundo experimento, realizado de outubro a dezembro de 2008, utilizou-se o melão tipo Gália híbrido ―Néctar‖. Para a melancieira: o primeiro experimento foi realizado de fevereiro a abril de 2006, avaliando a melancieira (Citrullus lanatus) cultivar ―Mickylee‖. No segundo experimento, realizado de setembro a novembro de 2009, utilizou-se a melancieira cultivar ―Quetzali‖. Foram avaliados dois cenários de emissões baseados no relatório do Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): um otimista denominado B2 e um pessimista denominado A2. Para o meloeiro verificou-se que as mudanças climáticas provocarão redução no ciclo de desenvolvimento da cultura de 15,49 e 25,35% para o híbrido ―County‖ e de 9,84 e 18,03% para o híbrido ―Néctar‖, considerando os cenários otimista e pessimista, respectivamente. O híbrido ―County‖ foi mais sensível às mudanças climáticas nas fases intermediária e final, sendo mais susceptível, portanto, a perdas de produção. As mudanças climáticas aumentarão o coeficiente de cultura do meloeiro, incrementando a evapotranspiração diária, porém com a redução do ciclo haverá redução da evapotranspiração total. Para melancieira verificou-se que as mudanças climáticas provocarão redução no ciclo vegetativo da cultura de 14,10 e 26,92% para a cultivar ―Mickylee‖ e de 7,9 e 11,11% para a cultivar ―Quetzali‖, nos cenários otimista e pessimista, respectivamente. A cultivar ―Mickylee‖ é mais sensível às mudanças climáticas nas fases de crescimento, intermediária e final, sendo mais susceptível, portanto, a perdas de produção. As mudanças climáticas futuras aumentarão o Kc da melancieira, nas condições em que o presente estudo foi realizado, incrementando a evapotranspiração diária, e aumento da evapotranspiração total, principalmente da cultivar ―Mickylee‖. As mudanças na temperatura e na umidade relativa do ar ficarão fora dos limites tolerados pelas culturas, acarretando alterações nos tratos culturais, como sombreamento, controle de pragas e doenças e no manejo da irrigação
Cornus mas (Cornelian Cherry) Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on
Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Anti-inflammatory and
Antioxidant Properties
Authors: Asgharzade Samira , Ameri Masih , Anjomshoa Maryam
Published: December 2024

Background:

Stroke is one of the most important causes of mortality and disability in the
world. Over 80% of strokes are ischemic, resulting from blockages in cerebral arteries. Increasing
evidence suggests that enriching the diet with nutritional antioxidants could decrease brain damage
and enhance cognitive function. Cornelian cherry has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties
and is introduced as a potential source of active ingredients, like anthocyanins, vitamin C, phenolic
compounds, and minerals.

Objective:

Our research study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective impact of Cornus mas L. (cornelian
cherry) on a rat model of Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury (CIRI).

Methods:

Middle cerebral artery blockage induced CIRI for 60 minutes. After inducing CIRI, intraperitoneal
injections of Cornus mas Extract (CME) were administered for 14 days in a dosedependent
manner (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg body weight). The effects of CME on learning and
memory recovery were evaluated using a shuttle box behavioral test.
Two weeks following CIRI, several factors of oxidative stress, such as nitrite (NO2-), Ferric ion
Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and Malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured in the hippocampal
tissues and serum. Anti-inflammatory genes, such as miR-125b, and the target genes (TNF-α
and iNOS) were evaluated via real-time PCR assay. Additionally, neural damage in the CA1 and
CA3 regions of the hippocampus was assessed using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining.

Results:

The avoidance time in the shuttle-box behavior test supported our finding that CME exhibited
improved fear memory. Furthermore, it increased the CA1 and CA3 hippocampal post-stroke
pyramidal cell layers. Levels of NO2- and MDA were decreased, and FRAP was considerably increased
in both the hippocampus and serum by CME. Additionally, CME increased miR-125b expression,
while modulating TNF-α and iNOS production in the hippocampal regions.

Conclusion:

Based on our findings, we can conclude CME to possess antioxidant and antiinflammatory
properties, which confer neuroprotective potential against CIRI, thereby protecting
neurons from ischemic death.
An Insight into Signalling Pathways in Cancer: Hedgehog, PI3K, and
Notch Pathways and Therapeutic Perspectives
Authors: Rohilla Janvi , Mishra Rakhi , Varshney Shruti , Mazumder Rupa , Mazumder Avijit , Chauhan Anurag , Lalitha Chaitanya Motamarri Venkata Naga , Tyagi Pankaj Kumar
Published: December 2024

Dysregulation of cellular signaling pathways leads to changes in proliferation, differentiation,
and apoptosis, leading to cancer. This review aims to provide insight into the major three signaling
pathways implicated in cancer development and progression: the Hedgehog (Hh), Phosphoinositide
3-kinase (PI3K), and Notch pathways. Abnormal activation of the Hedgehog pathway,
which has been linked to several malignancies, including medulloblastoma and basal cell carcinoma,
is primarily responsible for controlling the phases of embryonic development and tissue homeostasis.
The intricate involvement of Hh signaling in cancer stem cell maintenance, epithelial-mesenchymal
transition, and tumor microenvironment modulation underscores its significance as a therapeutic
target. Similarly, dysregulation of the PI3K pathway, a crucial mediator of cell growth, survival, and
metabolism, is prevalent across multiple cancer types. Mutations in PI3K pathway components lead
to uncontrolled cell proliferation and evasion of apoptosis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic
avenue. Various inhibitors targeting PI3K and its downstream effectors have shown promise in preclinical
and clinical settings. Additionally, the Notch signaling pathway, crucial for cell fate determination
and tissue patterning during development, exhibits dysregulated activity in numerous cancers.
Notch pathway alterations contribute to tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis, presenting
opportunities for targeted therapies. The review discusses current therapeutic strategies targeting
these pathways, including small-molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and combination therapies.
Challenges, such as drug resistance and toxicity are addressed, along with emerging therapeutic
approaches to enhance treatment efficacy. In conclusion, understanding the intricate crosstalk and
dysregulation of signaling pathways in cancer provides valuable insights into disease mechanisms
and therapeutic avenues, paving the way for more effective and personalized cancer treatments.
Review of Tracheotomy Auxiliary Device Patents
Authors: Bao Yudong , Zhang Di , Tang Junhong
Published: December 2024

Background:

Tracheotomy is a surgical technique in which the trachea in the front of the
neck is cut to construct an artificial airway. Bypassing blockage or lesions in the upper airway, this
opening permits oxygen provision and carbon dioxide exhalation straight through the trachea. A
more profound comprehension of the pathophysiologic role of the airway has made tracheotomy a
crucial component of treatment for several illnesses. Medical devices used both during and after a
tracheotomy are known as auxiliary devices for tracheotomies. These devices, which include dilators,
cannulas, plugging devices for cannulas, and immobilization devices, ensure the procedure is
completed safely and the patient recovers quickly.

Objective:

This paper aims to identify the key issues, summarize the many tracheotomy auxiliary
device constructions in recent years, and serve as a resource for researchers working on related topics.

Methods:

Assess and evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of the tracheotomy auxiliary devices covered
by the patents filed in the last several years and identify areas for development.

Results:

This patent research examines the shortcomings of current tracheotomy auxiliary devices
and speculates about future directions for their advancement.

Conclusion:

Although they are challenging to use, the tracheotomy auxiliary devices now in use
provide good stability and dependability. Enhancing the mechanical structure of tracheotomy auxiliary
devices and strengthening clinical trials for various patient populations and intricate surgical settings
are essential improvements. Furthermore, pertinent patents for auxiliary equipment used in
tracheotomies have not yet been created.
Analysis of Flood Incidents in Manado City due to Rainfall Fluctuations (Case Study of the Tondano Watershed), Indonesia
Authors: Mananoma Tiny , Ratu Yosua Aditya , Moningka Frederiko Marchiano Imanuel
Published: December 2024

Background

Fluctuating rainfall intensity refers to the fluctuations or variations in the pattern of rainfall intensity over time in a certain area. This encompasses changes in intensity, duration, frequency, and spatial distribution of rainfall intensity occurring within a specific time frame.

Objective

This study investigates the fluctuation of rainfall and its relationship with flood occurrences in Manado City, particularly in the Tondano Watershed Area (DAS Tondano).

Methods

Average and maximum rainfall data are utilized to analyze recurring flood patterns.

Results

The analysis indicates that average rainfall intensity > 21.79 mm and cumulative rainfall > 52.64 mm, maximum rainfall intensity > 64 mm, and cumulative rainfall > 99.10 mm serve as threshold points for the onset of floods in Manado City.

Conclusion

Recommendations are made for continuous rainfall data collection in the Tondano Watershed area, especially Manado City, to support more effective flood control planning. The conclusions drawn from this analysis provide valuable insights into understanding and addressing flood risks in the region.
Exploring the Anti-melanogenic, Antioxidant, and Anti-inflammatory Activities of A Composition: Glabridin, Resveratrol and Ellagic Acid
Authors: Huang Jie , Xie Chong , Pan Zhi , Lin Mengya , Chen Qingsheng , Gong Shengzhao , Huang Yadong
Published: December 2024

Background:

Plant extracts have wide applications in food, nutrition, and cosmetics,
which results in a deeper investigation of natural ingredients. Numerous natural ingredients have
been demonstrated to exhibit multiple activities, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and
anti-melanogenesis. However, their combinations have not been well investigated, which could
provide stronger performance with less toxicity and easier applications.

Methods:

We used B16F10 cells treated with alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH)
for melanogenesis-related studies, including cellular melanin content, tyrosinase activity, and
gene or protein expression. MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability. DPPH scavenging
activity was measured for antioxidation. Nitric oxide (NO) content was evaluated in lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) treated RAW264.7 cells to indicate the performance on anti-inflammation.

Results:

In this study, six different compounds and their combinations were tested for melanogenesis.
The results showed that the combination of glabridin, resveratrol, and ellagic acid
(GRE) exhibited the highest efficiency, which was mainly manifested as inhibition of melanin
production and tyrosinase activity, higher DPPH scavenging rate, and inhibition of nitric oxide
(NO) production. Meanwhile, our results showed that GRE could significantly downregulate the
expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) related genes and proteins
and could also inhibit the phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein
(CREB), which was the upstream signal of MITF.

Conclusion:

The results suggest GRE exhibits high efficiency in inhibiting anti-melanogenesis,
antioxidation, and anti-inflammation. Furthermore, GRE could downregulate the phosphorylation
of the CREB and MITF signal pathway, which provides a theoretical basis for its application
in pigmentation disorder disease and cosmetics.
The Effect of Compost, Cow, and Goat Manure on Inceptisols Soil Characteristics From Smallholder Plantation, Karangploso District, Malang Regency
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Soemarno Soemarno , Pramesti Gitri Ardia ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Putrideny Ayesha Ammara ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Ifadah Nisfi Fariatul ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: December 2024

Inceptisol soils mainly have medium to high physical properties. However, these physical properties can be degraded if there is a limiting factor in the terrain, which is the degree of slope and low SOC. On steep slopes, soil infiltration rates decrease, which leads to the limited available soil moisture in root zone subsoil. Application of compost or manure into the soil can improve soil physical properties and increase the soil organic carbon (SOC), it improves soil porosity and improve available water capacity (AWC). This study used the factorial completely randomized design with 8 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments included (Control + Topsoil), (Control + Subsoil), (Compost + Topsoil), (Compost + Subsoil), (Cow manure + Topsoil), (Cow manure + Subsoil), (Goat manure + Topsoil), (Goat manure + Subsoil). The results showed that (1) the addition of compost and manure can improve the physical properties of topsoil and subsoil, reducing macro porosity, increasing meso and microporosity, and increasing field capacity. (2) The addition of compost and manure can increase the water holding capacity of topsoil by 36.72% at 1 MAI to 41.12% at 5 MAI and inceptisol subsoil by 35.27% at 1 MAI to 36.42% at 5 MAI. (3) The addition of compost and manure can increase the C-organic content of topsoil by 1.62% at 1 MAI to 1.72% at 5 MAI and subsoil by 1.24% at 1 MAI to 1.38% at 5 MAI.
Improving Students’ Performance on the Use of the Microscope through Demonstration Method
Authors: Awuah Frank , Siemoh Robert Kwadwo
Published: December 2024

This study became necessary following the difficulty in teaching the microbial aspect of biology with a single microscope in the Abetifi Presbyterian College of Education. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of the demonstration approach in improving students' performance in using the only microscope at Abetifi Presbyterian College of Education. The population of this study which employed action research, consisted of all seventy (70) teacher candidates in this class. The study employed simple random sampling method to select sixty respondents to represent this population. The research instruments in this study were test and questionnaire. According to the study, students learn how to use a microscope more effectively when they are taught through a demonstration method as opposed to a lecture method even in a situation of woefully inadequate teaching learning materials (TLMs). Therefore, the study recommends in-service training for science teachers on demonstration methods, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Duchowe tło powstania Zgromadzenia Księży Misjonarzy
Authors: Lipiński Michał
Published: December 2024

The chapter examines the spiritual background for establishing the Congregation of the Mission. This background was shaped by trends in Christian spirituality and historical events from the medieval period, as well as theological currents contemporary to St. Vincent de Paul. The presentation of the spiritual foundations for establishing the Congregation of the Mission highlights its founder’s ability to integrate diverse lines of thought into an organic unity.
Provider Perspectives on Pediatric Store and Forward Teledermatology at Boston Medical Center: Cross-sectional Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Mcdowell Mason , Stulac Sara , Lee Margaret S
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Access to pediatric dermatologists is limited by prolonged waiting times, limited appointments, and uneven geographic availability. Provider-to-provider store-and-forward teledermatology (SAFTD), which allows referring providers to send images and clinical information to dermatology for asynchronous evaluation, triage, and recommendations, alleviates these barriers. Therefore, we hypothesized that SAFTD could be particularly helpful to diverse, low-income patients seen at community health centers affiliated with a safety-net hospital (SNH) system like Boston Medical Center (BMC); these patients face increased healthcare challenges related to language barriers and limited resources for accessing care.

OBJECTIVE

Examine provider perspectives on pediatric SAFTD in a safety-net hospital setting.

METHODS

We conducted an anonymous cross-sectional survey of BMC pediatric dermatologists, dermatology residents, pediatricians, pediatric residents, and pediatric nurse practitioners who use the SAFTD service. This study was approved as exempt per BMC institutional review board (H-43783). Surveys included both qualitative and Likert scale data which were examined via thematic and univariate analyses, respectively.

RESULTS

Among dermatology providers fielding SAFTD cases (n=7), mean satisfaction was 4 out of a maximum score of 5, with 85.7% preferring it to traditional referrals given improved triage and faster intervention, although patient comprehension of recommendations and photo quality (particularly focus, lighting, and adequate number of images) could be improved. Pediatric providers (n=15) reported a mean satisfaction score 4.93 of 5, 100% preferring it over traditional referral methods (primarily citing faster intervention and increased patient convenience), with 93% reporting they learned new management strategies, although some cited difficulty capturing and uploading high-quality photos and having limited time to act upon recommendations.

CONCLUSIONS

Pediatric SAFTD is an efficient and educational means of delivering care to our safety-net pediatric patient population. We can recommend SAFTD to SNH’s, particularly if photography support and protected time can be provided to participating providers.

CLINICALTRIAL

n/a
Debris Flow Debris Flow Detection by Combinations of LVP Sensors and Wires
Authors: Itoh Takahiro , Tagata Satoshi , Mizuyama Takahisa
Published: December 2024

Various kinds of sensors for debris flows detection have been proposed such as wire sensor, acceleration sensor, and so on. In Europe, a geophone that is based on a vibration meter is usually used though the applicability is not confirmed for debris flow detection in Japan. A wire sensor is still currently used for debris flow detection in Japan, because of its easy maintenance and measurement principle of disconnected wires. However, there is a drawback in that debris flow cannot be detected until manual maintenance is performed after the wires are disconnected. Sakura-jima is in southwest of Japan. Debris flows occur by rainfall and ash fall after eruption. Many debris flows occur and transport sediment by debris flow events. The number of debris flow occurrences is defined by the number of disconnected wires from a wire sensor, and three wires are set vertically at the height of 60 cm, 120 cm, 180 cm from the bed, respectively, to know magnitude of debris flow height. A LVP sensor has been developed and installed there for continuous detection of debris flows and modified based on technical information obtained by maintenance after debris flow events. The sensor consists of load cell (L), acceleration meter due to vibration (V) and pressure meter (P). The sensor is mainly for debris flow detection, though weight of debris flows on the bed is attempted to be measured using a small box with loadcell. Present studies introduce some examples of debris flow detections using the LVP and emphasize usage of the LVP sensor in combination with wires.
Pengaruh Dosis Herbisida Pratumbuh Pendimethalin terhadap Gulma, Pertumbuhan, dan Hasil Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
Authors: Ayuningtyas Sekar , Respatie Dyah Weny , Kastono Dody
Published: December 2024

Aplikasi herbisida pratumbuh pendimethalin digunakan untuk mengendalikan gulma rumputan dan daun lebar pada pertanaman kedelai. Herbisida ini bekerja dengan cara mematikan biji-biji gulma atau gulma yang baru berkecambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas, dosis dan dampak penggunaan herbisida  pendimethalin dalam mengendalikan gulma pada budidaya kedelai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2021 – Januari 2022 di Kebun Tri Dharma Pertanian UGM, Banguntapan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) faktor tunggal yaitu dosis herbisida yang terdiri dari enam aras yaitu 0 l/ha, 0,5 l/ha, 1 l/la, 2 l/ha, 3 l/ha dan 3,5 l/ha, diulang sebanyak tiga kali sebagai blok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendimethalin efektif pada perlakuan 3 l/ha karena mampu menekan dominansi gulma rumputan selama periode penanaman kedelai. Aplikasi pendimethalin tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap komponen hasil kedelai. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa dosis pendhimetalin 1,9 l/ha mampu memberikan hasil biji paling tinggi.
Identifikasi Keseragaman Genetik dan Fenotipik pada Semangka (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) Triploid
Authors: Ginting Tesalonika , Purwantoro Aziz , Setiawan Agus Budi
Published: December 2024

Semangka triploid merupakan hasil pemuliaan tanaman dengan melakukan penggandaan kromosom pada salah satu tetuanya. Semangka triploid umumnya bersifat tidak memiliki biji namun masih sering dijumpai adanya peristiwa terbentuknya putatif biji normal dengan kulit biji yang berwarna hitam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keseragaman genetik tanaman tetua betina, tetua jantan, dan tanaman F1 berdasarkan level ploidi dan karakter morfologi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Dusun Maron, Desa Pujon Lor, Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang mulai Agustus 2023 hingga Januari 2024 dengan menggunakan 1 galur tetua betina, 9 galur tetua jantan dan9 galur tanaman F1 sebagai bahan penelitian. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengamati level ploidi menggunakan flowcytometry serta karakter kualitatif dan karakter kuantitatif. Data karakter kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis menggunakan uji T dengan taraf α=5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur tanaman F1 menunjukkan adanya variasi level ploidi yaitu triploid (3x) dan tetraploid (4x). Hal ini disebabkan oleh galur betina yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan F1 triploid menunjukkan adanya variasi karakter kualitatif sehingga secara genetic belum homozigot.
Creativity process is Charge Neutralization Process
Authors: Vesic Pavle
Published: December 2024

Charge Neutralization Process ( CNP ) unifies all forces in nature, creates matter and life and constantly keeps the whole universe in an equilibrium state. Electron and proton are elementary particles which estimated decay time is 65 billion years, what is the other name for eternity. This article argues that univese is governed by uniqe process - Charge Neutralization Process – CNP. CNP constantly acts through whole universe, forcing elementary particles ( electrons and protons ), to form and sustain elecrically neutral material products, listed in Periodic Table of Elements.
Dynamic Matrix Multiplication Using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Kavyasri G.
Published: December 2024

Efficient matrix multiplication is a core computational task in machine learning, deep learning, and scientific
computing, as it significantly impacts the performance of model training and inference. This project explores the use of
reinforcement learning (RL) to dynamically select the optimal matrix multiplication algorithm based on input matrix
characteristics. We compare traditional matrix multiplication methods, including Strassen’s algorithm, Winograd’s algorithm,
and tiled matrix multiplication, and implement a Q- learning-based agent to choose the most efficient algorithm adaptively. Our
RL-driven approach enables real-time algorithm selection, balancing computational speed and resource usage across different
matrix types and sizes. Experimental results demonstrate the system's ability to reduce execution time by selecting algorithms
suited to specific scenarios, providing insights into algorithm efficiency and adaptability for various data sizes. Furthermore, this
research suggests practical optimization strategies for handling large-scale computations in machine learning applications,
including using parallel processing, GPU acceleration, and parameter tuning to minimize computational bottlenecks. This
project underscores the potential of integrating RL for adaptive computation within AI workflows, offering a scalable solution
for enhancing matrix operation efficiency in data-intensive applications
Pengaruh Pemberian Tepung Kunyit Dalam Ransum Yang Mengandung Bawang Hitam Terhadap Retensi Lemak Kasar Ayam Broiler
Authors: Hasan M Aqmal Aprilla , Marpaung Rifqi Nadela , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Nelwida Nelwida , Berliana Berliana
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Kualitas nutrisi dari bahan makanan ternak merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat utama dalam penggunaan dan pemilihan bahan pakan ternak . Salah satu penentu kualitas bahan pakan atau ransum adalah dengan melihat retensi zat makanan, yaitu seberapa banyaknya zat makanan tersebut tertahan dalam tubuh, upaya untuk memperbaiki dan mengoptimalkan retensi zat makanan dengan cara menambahkan pakan tambahan berupa tepung kunyit dan bawang hitam. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penggunaan tepung kunyit dalam ransum yang mengandung bawang hitam terhadap retensi lemak kasar pada ayam broiler.  Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 200 ekor DOC Broiler strain MB 202 yang didesain menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan terdiri P0 = 100% Ransum komersil (Kontrol), P1 = P0 + 3% bawang hitam, P2 = P1 + 0,5% tepung kunyit, P3 =P1 + 1% tepung kunyit, P4 = P1 + 1,5% tepung kunyit. Peubah yang diamati didalam penelitian ini yaitu retensi bahan kering, retensi bahan organik, dan retensi lemak kasar. Data diolah menggunakan analisis ragam dan pengaruh yang nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan.  Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung kunyit dalam ransum yang mengandung bawang hitam nyata meningkatkan (P<0,05) konsumsi bahan kering dan konsumsi bahan organik namun berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap ekskresi dan retensi bahan kering, ekskresi dan retensi bahan organik, serta konsumsi, ekskresi dan retensi lemak kasar. Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan tepung kunyit sampai level 1,5% dalam ransum yang mengandung 3% Bawang hitam dapat digunakan tanpa mempengaruhi retensi lemak kasar atau lemak kasar yang tertahan didalam saluran pencernaan.
Respon Fisiologis Ayam KUB dari Penambahan Probiotik Rayakemo dalam Air Minum
Authors: Siregar Rahmat Martua , Sari Devi Kumala , Fati Nelzi
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Probiotik Rayakemo (ragi tape, yakult, air kelapa tua dan molases) memiliki mikroorganisme yang menguntungkan seperti Lactobacillus casei dan Saccharomyces yang dapat memberikan manfaat kesehatan bagi inangnya. Tujuan:  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan  dan dosis terbaik probiotik Rayakemo dalam air minum terhadap persentase bobot limpa, hati, jantung, usus halus dan panjang usus halus ayam KUB. Metode: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama dua bulan, dari Maret hingga Mei, di kandang ayam Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh. Sebanyak 100 ekor ayam KUB digunakan tanpa memisahkan jenis kelamin dan dibagi secara acak ke dalam 20 unit percobaan, dengan setiap unit terdiri dari 5 ekor ayam KUB. Ayam-ayam tersebut dipelihara selama 8 minggu dan data dikumpulkan pada minggu ke-8 saat panen. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Masing-masing perlakuan yaitu: A: air minum tanpa probiotik Rayakemo, B: 3% probiotik Rayakemo + air minum, C: 6% probiotik Rayakemo + air minum dan D: 9% probiotik Rayakemo + air minum. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan probiotik Rayakemo dalam air minum tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap persentase bobot limpa, hati, jantung, usus halus dan panjang usus halus ayam KUB. Kesimpulan: Penambahan probiotik Rayakemo dalam air minum tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap organ limpa, hati, jantung, bobot usus halus dan panjang usus halus. Penambahan probiotik Rayakemo dalam air minum  sampai 9% dapat ditoleransi broiler terhadap organ limpa, hati, jantung, bobot usus halus dan panjang usus halus.
Penerapan Good Farming Practices Sapi Potong di Distrik Masni, Kabupaten Manokwari
Authors: Anwarudin Oeng , Pardosi Hotmauli Febriana , Paya Asri Takke
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Upaya pengembangan peternak sapi potong telah dilaksanakan dengan berbagai upaya seperti penyuluhan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat, bantuan modal, pembinaan kelembagaan petani, dan program inseminasi buatan. Kegiatan tersebut seharusnya berdampak baik pada penerapan budidaya ternak sapi potong Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana penerapan Good Farming Practices (GFP) dan faktor apa saja yang menentukan penerapan Good Farming Practices. Metode: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Distrik Masni, Kabupaten Manokwari, Provinsi Papua Barat. Rangkaian kegiatan penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai dari Februari sampai dengan Juli tahun 2024. Jumlah sampel yaitu 50 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel Proportionate cluster random sampling. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analisis data yaitu analisis statistik deskripsi dan regresi berganda. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan GFP peternak termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Kondisi penerapan GFP di Distrik Masni sebagian besar peternak memiliki akses transportasi, pakan dan air bersih, serta bebas dari penyakit klinis antraks.  Namun demikian perlu peningkatan penerapan GFP pada jumlah pemberian pakan, perkawinan, perkandangan, pencatatan dan kesejahteraa hewan. Faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap penerapan GFP yaitu dukungan kelembagaan yang meliputi kelembagaan petani seperti gapoktan dan gabungan kelompok tani, pemerintah, dan Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian. Kesimpulan: Peternak belum menerapkan GFP sapi potong secara optimal. Peningkatan penerapan GFP dapat dilakukan melalui penguatan dukungan kelembagaan yang meliputi dukungan kelembagaan petani, pemerintah pusat, daerah dan dukungan Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian.
Fading Quetly
Authors: Nanna Hauge Kristensen
Published: December 2024

This translated audio piece is a sonic exploration of the everyday life of an elderly woman called Alice. Alice lives in a suburb of Copenhagen. Based on the ways in which she inhabits her home a sonic cartography is unfolding, revealing a close connection between the acoustic environment and her bodily decline.
Music for Spaces: Music for Space - An argument for sound as a component of museum experience
Authors: Tim Boon
Published: December 2024

Music for Spaces: Music for Space. An argument for sound as a component of museum experience
Remixing the Voyager Interstellar Record: Or, As Extraterrestrials Might Listen
Authors: Stefan Helmreich
Published: December 2024

This text offers an introduction to a hyperlink, http://earthscramble.com/, a portal to the Scrambles of Earth project, which is dedicated to decoding and disseminating audio transmissions of possible extraterrestrial origin that have been received on Earth in response to the Voyager Golden Record. The Voyager Record, a compendium of recorded Earth sounds affixed in phonograph form to NASA’s Voyager spacecraft, was launched out of Earth orbit in the 1970s and in 2013 left our solar system to travel into interstellar space. It may be that aliens have started listening in — and more, as the Scrambles of Earth document suggests, it may be that aliens have started to create their own interpretations of the Earth sounds they have received. Whether such Voyager Record echoes are messages meant for Earthly receipt or are simply exploratory experiments in sound that happen to have been intercepted on their way to somewhere else remains to be determined.
The Imagined Sounds of Outer Space
Authors: James Wierzbicki
Published: December 2024

This essay explores how the idea of the ‘sounds of space’ has been articulated in popular culture since the late nineteenth century through the early years of the Space Age. The primary focus is on sound and music in science-fiction films from Europe, the former Soviet Union, and the United States, and the four main topic areas are the sounds of signals from space, the sounds of outer-space technology, the sounds of ‘heavenly bodies,’ and the sounds/music associated with space travel. Framing this central portion of the essay, however, is a discussion of ‘space music’ by various composers for whom writing for the cinema was perhaps one of the furthest things from their minds. The essay argues that, in terms of depictions of weightlessness, perhaps certain works by composers Arnold Schoenberg and Edgard Varèse, and by the rock groups Popol Vuh and Tangerine Dream, have something in common with the music of sci-fi cinema.
At Home in Montreal’s Quartier des Spectacles Festival Neighborhood
Authors: Edda Bild, Daniel Steele, and Catherine Guastavino
Published: December 2024

Urban festivals have traditionally been considered incompatible with residential areas because of their contrasting sonic characters, where the sounds of festivals are treated as a nuisance for residents. However, the neighborhood dedicated to housing festivals in downtown Montreal is also the home of diverse groups of residents and workers. Based on a diary and interview study with residents of the Quartier des spectacles festival neighborhood, and building upon research on touristification, festivals as third places, and soundscape, we explored what it meant to be at home in a festival neighborhood, focusing on the sonic experiences of locals. Findings provided a more nuanced portrayal of everyday life in a dense, lively urban environment transformed through touristification. Residents do not consider the sounds of festivals as a primary source of annoyance; on the contrary, these sounds inspire them to engage with their neighborhood, suggesting a more porous living experience between indoor and outdoor spaces. Drawing on the characterization of other imagined residents by our participants, we conclude by introducing the idea of soundscape personas as a practical method in participatory decision-making for the future of the neighborhood.
Editorial - Sound at Home 1: Territory, Materiality and the Extension of Home
Authors: Mette Simonsen Abildgaard
Published: December 2024

For this special issue of the Journal of Sonic Studies, we invited authors to consider sound at home from a range of perspectives: sound at home as the hum of appliances, the babble of water pipes, the chatter of media, and the creaking of a wooden floor; sounds that seep in from other homes and from the world outside – traffic, music, shouting, disconcerting sounds that stand out, and sounds that go unheard in their familiarity.
Composing the Field of Dwelling: An Autoethnography on Listening in the Home
Authors: Iain Findlay-Walsh
Published: December 2024

06:17 030420
the pressures acting upon and within this place are intensified by lockdown
the kids are driving me up the wall
the inverse of social distancing is social compression
home becomes hyper-relational implosion
while the quiet streets outside fill with birdsong
and an apocalyptic politics morphs and grows somewhere far away right here under my nose

This article unfolds as a story of listening and sounding in the home I share with my partner and two primary school-aged children in Glasgow during the global COVID-19 pandemic. As a practicing sound artist, I have spent a lot of time listening to and through everyday spaces, and during the COVID-19 pandemic I have been considering the usefulness of this critical listening as a basis for dealing with the new situation of living inside. If sonic practice can attune people to the social, environmental, material, technological, and political dynamics of their world, then what can be learned, and what new capacities can be developed and shared, through an engaged practice of listening in the home under lockdown?

Combining diarized notes, storied reflections, first-person field recordings (Findlay-Walsh 2019), theoretical discussion and analysis, this textual and sonic autoethnography presents and discusses my efforts to develop a critical practice of listening as the form and function of this home changes during lockdown. Connecting Pauline Oliveros, Hildegard Westerkamp, and Salomé Voegelin’s generative listening practices, Tim Ingold’s “dwelling as building;” Sara Ahmed’s embodied “orientation;” Jean-Luc Guionnet et al., George Lewis and Alexander I. Davidson’s improvisation as radical sociality; and Stacey Holman Jones, bell hooks, and Peter Gouzouasis et al.’s spaces of (self-)critical pedagogy, I trace this developing practice as a basis for regenerating and inhabiting domestic space as co-composed music.
Overhearing the Unheimlich Home: Power and Proximity in “Shut Up Little Man!”
Authors: Hannah Spaulding
Published: December 2024

This article explores the relationship between home and the auditory through an examination of the “Shut Up Little Man!” recordings – secret tapes made by two men of their next-door neighbors’ fights. These recordings documented the vocal performances of an unheimlich domesticity, marked by poverty, violence, and what would become iconic phrases. Embraced as comedy, the tapes were traded and shared, gaining subcultural fan followings and broader popular cultural impacts. The “Shut Up Little Man!” recordings thus offer crucial case study of the permeability of the domestic soundscape, the struggle of ownership over sounds at home, the ethics and politics of eavesdropping, and the intervention of media technologies in these dynamics. Ultimately, this article argues that the tapes’ creation, power, and popularity stem from a desire to listen to the unheimlich home of the urban poor – a desire that underscores social distance, invites identification, and reminds us that proximity does not mean intimacy.
A Community Attuned to the Outside. Reverberations of the Montreal Balcony Drone
Authors: Hubert Gendron-Blais
Published: December 2024

The recent pandemic has put back to light the position of the home as the privileged site of security and belonging, which explains its establishment as one of the main ontopological enunciations of the nation-state. In such reign of the homely, how can we produce sounds at home without perpetuating a valorization of the appropriation, the establishment, and the safety that excludes the otherness from our lives? This article starts from the hypothesis that in these times of confinement, the singularity of music creation resides more in its capacity to connect with the Outside, understood broadly, following Blanchot, as an experience of strange otherness that escapes representation. The connection of music creation with the Outside will be approached through one inspiring initiative that emerged during these difficult times: the Montreal Balcony Drone. The analysis of this collective practice leads to a whole reflection on homelessness, whiteness and the political and existential closures that characterize this epoch.
The cultural politics of pervasive drama: aural narrative, digital media and re-compositions of urban space
Authors: Eva Giraud
Published: December 2024

This article argues that pervasive drama has the capacity to illuminate the cultural politics of urban space, by highlighting microsociological power relations that shape everyday movement. It suggests that the medium does this in two ways: firstly, through its use of “pervasive sound narratives” that actively defamiliarize urban space and, secondly, through the auditory technologies that disseminate this narrative, which draw attention to everyday engagements with mobile media that are ordinarily beneath our notice. These arguments respond to Anderson’s call for further research into the “productive listening potentials” of aural narrative (Anderson 2012), by exploring specific ways that pervasive drama can foster more meaningful and politically-engaged experiences of place. Drawing on The Memory Dealer as a case-study, narrative extracts and focus group findings from the drama are used to illustrate pervasive drama’s specific, politicised “listening potentials”.
Migration and Listening: Political Life in Motion
Authors: Ximena Alarcón and Ed McKeon
Published: December 2024

Boundaries, thresholds, and limits characterise both political geography and the politics of voice and listening. The effect of hearing yourself speak, as Derrida noted, is foundational for sovereignty, self-identity, and relations to others. In this conversation, we explore experiences of border crossings and passing across limits through migration and movement alongside corresponding encounters with Deep Listening. Alarcón reflects on her experience of migration from Colombia to the UK and how this also involves ‘speaking and travelling in-between different languages’. McKeon draws on experience of ‘losing’ his accent, the voice’s marker of political identity. For both of us, Deep Listening has become an essential resource to forgo the desires of returning ‘home’ or arrival with their visa privileges and passports of legitimised status. Migration and movement are instead embraced for their potential to constitute another practice of centring and of balance without fixed and immovable boundaries. We aim to articulate this politics of listening and voice not through conventions of debate and polemics, defending ideological territories, but through exchange in dialogue, in what passes in the movement between us.
The Labour of Listening in Troubled Times
Authors: Kate Lacey
Published: December 2024

This article explores some of the implications and limitations of framing political debates as a politics of voice and builds on the idea of “listening out” as a necessary technique of political action (Lacey 2013: 3-21). Political listening in this sense is about keeping channels of communication open, accepting ongoing difference and conflicts of interest. It is, therefore, a difficult, challenging and risk-laden labour in the best of times and all the more so in times of division and conflict (Bickford 1996; Hofman 2020). Meanwhile, listening in media studies has tended to conceive of listening, if not as entirely passive, then primarily as a kind of decoding or translation practice – a practice of response. This article is concerned with the labour of political listening in the mediated public sphere. It describes the productive power of listening to generate a space for “voice” and explores the labour involved in preparing the space, time, setting, mood, technologies, and techniques for listening and how that labour is variously valued and exchanged. And it builds on work that thinks about listening not exclusively in relation to sound, finding that sonic vocabulary and metaphors can help reframe notions of the public sphere and politics long shaped and distorted by a reliance on the visual registers of print culture and the spectacle.