bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Handling Multiple Method Detection Limit Estimates: Which Statistical Estimate Should Be Reported?
Authors: Bzik Thomas J.
Published: November 2019

Method detection limits (MDLs) are used as figures of merit for trace and ultratrace measurement systems. They are typically used in the context of environmental regulation and product quality regulation in which, to be judged capable, a measurement system must provide an MDL that is at or below the regulatory limit or the product specification. Sometimes MDL requirements are stricter than this illustration. The focus of this paper is to develop an understanding of how the usage context of the reported MDL drives the selection of which statistical estimator to use when multiple MDL estimates are available. Selection of a specific MDL or DL estimation methodology is highly controversial and such controversy is driven by both data and measurement science and the financial and regulatory implications of higher or lower reported MDLs. MDLs used to be measured infrequently, often only once. Current automated systems allow a much broader understanding of the statistical behavior of MDLs over time to be developed by providing multiple estimates of MDLs. What should and can be done with such data? In practice, a mean or median MDL is commonly reported from the multiple MDL estimates. When is this appropriate? The issue of which MDL summary statistic to report, and why, will be developed both from the likely usage context of the MDL estimates and the real-world behavior of MDLs. In some common reporting contexts, use of an estimate of an upper-tail percentile from the MDL distribution is a more reasonable reporting MDL measure than use of an average or median.
Detecting the Detection Limit
Authors: Bzik Thomas J.
Published: November 2019

Detection limits are highly controversial in practice despite decades of developmental efforts by analytical scientists and regulators. This high resistance to obtaining effective and accepted detection limit solutions indicates our collective failure in how we traditionally approach this problem. The analytical chemist approaches it from analytical science, the statistician from statistical theory, the regulator from a desire for regulatory needs, the instrument manufacturer from the standpoint of selling instruments, the contract laboratory from the standpoint of selling services, and the regulated from the standpoint of reducing the cost of regulation. This exquisite mix of science, misapplication of science, regulatory needs, and business concerns highlights why serious trouble abounds. Figuring out how to simultaneously address these constraints is not a trivial task. Our journey to navigate the detection limit obstacle course successfully begins with a broad view of the problem focused on developing a conceptual understanding of key detection limit concepts and limitations. Throughout the presentation, key detection limit concepts, including the problems caused by our natural biases, will be explored. Issues in detection limit and rule-set application will be probed because it is at the application level that detection limit standards will succeed or fail. This presentation does not require anything other than a rudimentary knowledge of statistics. Although statistics plays a key role in any good detection limit definition, statistics needs to be the last and final piece of solving the detection limit puzzle. In fact, to succeed, statistical practice must come last. Statistics must not drive the definition process; the definition and the problem environment must drive the statistical process's development.
When Matrix Matters: A Case Study in Dirty Water and Clean Method Detection Limits
Authors: Burrows Richard , Grams Nancy E. , Davis John , Bull Louis P.
Published: November 2019

Regulatory fines, unwarranted public scrutiny, and needless corrective actions can occur when laboratory method detection limits (MDLs) and quantitation limits are applied to samples with significant matrix. This is because the standard MDL procedure is based on laboratory reagents only and does not include the effects of matrix. At a federal level, there is some recognition of this problem, and the 40 CFR MDL includes a matrix-based procedure At the state and local level, however, the lack of federal guidance regarding the appropriate application of a matrix-based MDL results in confusion and uncertainty about how to consider the impact of a sample matrix to obtain technically defensible monitoring data to demonstrate regulatory compliance. Problems ensue when laboratories indicate that they can meet the compliance limits (or agencies use stated or published MDLs and RLs in setting permit limits) without regard for the matrix. When laboratories report to levels based on matrix-free MDLs in samples with elevated matrix, false positive, false negative, and biased results are common, potentially including dubious results that are above permit compliance limits. The laboratory generally has some knowledge that the matrix is affecting results, but it does not know to what degree and is not empowered by the regulatory authorities to technically justify a change in reporting levels. Additional guidance is needed as to how agencies and laboratories should support matrix-based MDLs, reporting limits, and defensible permit limits. Doing so ensures that local regulators can suitably protect human health and the environment without being arbitrary or capricious with regard to regulated parties. The authors present a case study of analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl Aroclor 1242 in a challenging water matrix using Method 608 to comply with a low wastewater discharge limit.
Risk, Populism, and Criminal Law
Authors: Pratt John , Miao Michelle
Published: November 2019

Criminal law is being broadened from its normative and moral response to wrongdoing to include the capacity to act as a preventive force. As well as reacting to crime that has been committed, it also attempts to control the risk of future crime. In so doing, preventive criminal law makes use of hybrid and retrospective legislation, while reversing or lowering burdens of proof if these are thought to unfairly advantage offenders/defendants, raising important human rights issues. We argue that this emphasis on controlling risk was the response to issues of uncertainty and insecurity generated by post-1970s economic and social restructuring. Where, though, do these criminal law characteristics of “risk society” now sit, given the contemporary rise of populist politics? Populism promises an end to risk and its attendant uncertainties and anxieties, but it is already extending rather than reversing the preventive capacity of criminal law. This is because populism continuously needs to find new victims that it embraces and pledges to defend against their assailants, law-breakers or otherwise, real or imagined. The focus of risk control thus embraces new populations—refugees, asylum seekers, immigrants of all kinds, legal or otherwise. Conventions such as the rule of law and the separation of powers that might previously have limited such interventions are brushed aside as outmoded examples of elitist thinking. Instead, security is prioritized over residual concerns about due process, while also prioritizing public protection over individual rights.
“We’ll Take the Tough Ones”
Authors: Leon Chrysanthi S. , Shdaimah Corey S.
Published: November 2019

Expertise in multi-door criminal justice enables new forms of intervention within existing criminal justice systems. Expertise provides criminal justice personnel with the rationale and means to use their authority in order to carry out their existing roles for the purpose of doing (what they see as) good. In the first section, we outline theoretical frameworks derived from Gil Eyal’s sociology of expertise and Thomas Haskell’s evolution of moral sensibility. We use professional stakeholder interview data (N = 45) from our studies of three emerging and existing prostitution diversion programs as a case study to illustrate how criminal justice actors use what we define as primary, secondary, and tertiary expertise in multi-agency working groups.

Actors make use of the tools at their disposal—in this case, the concept of trauma—to further personal and professional goals. As our case study demonstrates, professionals in specialized diversion programs recognize the inadequacy of criminal justice systems and believe that women who sell sex do so as a response to past harms and a lack of social, emotional, and material resources to cope with their trauma. Trauma shapes the kinds of interventions and expertise that are marshalled in response. Specialized programs create seepage that may reduce solely punitive responses and pave the way for better services. However empathetic, they do nothing to address the societal forces that are the root causes of harm and resultant trauma. This may have more to do with imagined capacities than with the objectively best approaches.
Restorative Justice in Severe Times
Authors: Walgrave Lode
Published: November 2019

Restorative justice is based on mutual respect and inclusion through dialogue. This approach may be threatened in current severe times, characterized by rampant individualism and mutual distrust. In crime and justice issues, exclusion and punishment are pushing away approaches based on inclusion and persuasion. In such a socio-cultural climate, restorative justice is threatened indeed to being co-opted as an extension to the predominant punitive and controlling tendency. However, countervailing forces persist in social life, social practice, and in the arts. A social-scientific tendency is also aware of its social responsibility and seeks to serve the quality of social life based on more mutual respect, solidarity, and taking active responsibility. Restorative justice can be a part of these countervailing forces, if it safeguards its roots in this socio-ethical groundstream. It may be a spearhead of what we can call a “criminology of trust,” a criminology that understands that all policy regarding crime and justice issues must be grounded in respect, inclusion, and persuasion. Particularly, restorative justice’s contribution to this is twofold. First, it offers a realistic and more positive alternative to detrimental punitiveness. Second, it contributes to de-dramatizing and demystifying the image of crime and criminals to more realistic dimensions (which are in themselves serious enough).
Usporedna studija predviđanja koeficijenta molekularne difuzije za polarni i nepolarni binarni plin pomoću neuronskih mreža i višestrukih linearnih regresija
Authors: Melzi Naima , Zentou Hamid , Laidi Maamar , Hanini Salah , Ammi Yamina , Khaouane Latifa
Published: November 2019

In the current study, an artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regressions (MLR) have been used to develop predictive models for the estimation of molecular diffusion coefficients of 1252 polar and non-polar binary gases at multiple pressures over a wide range of temperatures and substances. The quality and reliability of each method were estimated in terms of the correlation coefficient (R), mean squared errors (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and in terms of external validation coefficients (Q2ext).
The comparison between the artificial neural network (ANN) and the multiple linear regressions (MLR) revealed that the neural network models showed a good predicting ability with lower errors (the roots of the mean squared errors in the total database were 0.1400 for ANN1 and 0.1300 for ANN2), and (root mean squared errors in the total databases were 0.5172 for MLR1 and 0.5000 for MLR2).
Suvremena sredstva za dekontaminaciju bojnih otrova
Authors: Tušek Dragutin , Cetina Ivana , Pehar Vesna
Published: November 2019

Suvremena sredstva za dekontaminaciju bojnih otrova moraju biti djelotvorna i ekološki prihvatljiva. Iz tih razloga novija znanstvena istraživanja usmjerena su na ispitivanje djelotvornosti metalnih oksida, prirodnih i sintetskih zeolita te metal-organskih mreža u dekontaminaciji bojnih otrova i drugih toksičnih spojeva poput organofosfornih pesticida. Iako su prvotna istraživanja zeolita kao dekontaminanata bila usmjerena na istraživanje sintetskih zeolita, u posljednje vrijeme sve interesantniji su i prirodni zeoliti, u prvom redu klinoptilolit. Pokazalo se da metal-organske mreže na bazi cirkonija mogu uspješno razgraditi kemijske ratne agense i njihove simulante te da spadaju među najbrže katalizatore za hidrolizu živčanih bojnih otrova. Razvoj suvremenih materijala nije usmjeren samo na istraživanje dekontaminacijskih svojstava nego i u svrhu zaštitnih premaza i slojeva koji mogu imati i samo-dekontaminacijski učinak.
Controllability of Hilfer fractional noninstantaneous impulsive semilinear differential inclusions with nonlocal conditions
Authors: Wang JinRong , Ibrahim Gamal , Donal O’Regan Donal
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we investigate the controllability of nonlocal Hilfer-type fractional differential inclusions with noninstantaneous impulsive conditions in Banach spaces.
Evaluation of Medication Use Patterns among Geriatric Patients using World Health Organization Prescribing Indicators
Authors: Puspitasari Irma M. , Hanifah Ani , Sinuraya Rano K.
Published: November 2019

Geriatrics patients are paticularly suceptible to medication error due to complex clinical problems and multiple treatment. World Health Organization (WHO) published a set of prescribing indicators to promote rationale use of drug. This study aimed to evaluate medicine use pattern in geriatric patients at a primary care facility in Bandung, Indonesia, using WHO indicators. This research was conducted using cross sectional design with retrospective data collection. Medical presciption from geriatric patients aged 60-74 years old visiting primary care facility during 2013-2015 were selected. A total of 103.292 prescriptions were obtained in this study. The average number of drugs per encounter  was 2.1 (optimal range=1.6-1.8).   Vast majority (99.41%) of the drugs prescribed were generic drugs (optimal value=100%). The encounters with an antibiotics prescribed were 7.4% (optimal range=20.0-26.8%). Very few parenteral drugs were prescribed in this study setting (0.04%) (optimal range=13.4-24.1%). The drugs prescribed from essential drug list were 72.83% (optimal value=100%).  The most commonly prescribed drugs were paracetamol 500 mg, chlorpheniramine maleat 4 mg, amlodipine 5 mg, vitamin B complex, and glyceryl guaiacolat. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin, cloramphenicol, cyprofloxacin, clindamycin, and oxytetracyclin.  In conclusion,  the medication use pattern in this study was below the WHO requirement. This finding called for a strategy to promote rational prescribing of medicines.  Keywords: geriatrics, WHO prescribing indicators, drug use patterns
Systemic Artery Aneurysms and Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Zhao Qu-ming , Chu Chen , Wu Lin , Liang Xue-cun , Sun Shu-na , He Lan , Zhao Lu , Wang Feng , Huang Guo-ying , Niu Conway , Liu Fang
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND:

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are a well-known complication of Kawasaki disease (KD), but there are no data on incidence or outcomes of systemic artery aneurysms (SAAs) in the current era.

METHODS:

From April 1, 2016, to March 31, 2019, we screened for SAAs in 162 patients with KD at risk for SAAs with magnetic resonance angiography or peripheral angiography and analyzed incidence and early outcomes of SAAs.

RESULTS:

Twenty-three patients had SAAs, demonstrating an incidence of 14.2% (23 of 162) in patients who were screened at 1 month after onset. The proportion of patients with SAAs was estimated to be 2% (23 of 1148) of all patients with KD. The median age at onset of KD with SAAs was 5 months. All patients with SAAs had CAAs, with z scores >8. Of patients with giant CAAs, 38.6% (17 of 44) had SAAs. A total of 129 SAAs occurred in 17 different named arteries. The most common sites for SAAs were the axillary (18.6%), common iliac (12.4%), and brachial (11.6%) arteries. During a median follow-up time of 6 months, 92.9% (79 of 85) of SAAs had some degree of regression, with 80% (68 of 85) of SAAs returning to normal. The overall regression rate was higher for medium to large SAAs than for medium to giant CAAs.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although the incidence of SAAs may not be as dramatically reduced as we expected compared with previous data, SAAs have a high regression rate during short-term follow-up.
Developing Broadcasting Industry Through Glocalisation and Hybridisation
Authors: Mutunga Isaac Mutwiri , Wagumba Collins
Published: November 2019

This article is a qualitative descriptive study that examines South Korean and East Africa Audio-visual production and distribution policies and regulations. Through analysing the results of in-depth interviews with audio-visual (broadcast) policymakers, content producers, and audiovisual business owners, this study found that South Korea reviewed regulations and policies that were protectionist in nature to more open and collaborative policies that were in tune with the digital broadcast environment. It recommended that to create successful broadcast industries, developing countries should review their broadcast policies and regulations to be in tandem with digital and media convergence environment as well as give audio-visual industry prominence by establishing ministries that deals with broadcast-related issues to promote locally, to produce content internationally, and also to source for collaboration between local and international producers.
Traveling wave solutions in a higher dimensional lattice competition-cooperation system with stage structure
Authors: HE Yanli , Lİ Kun
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we consider the existence of traveling wave solutions in a higher dimensional lattice competition-cooperation system with stage structure. We first construct a pair of upper and lower solutions. The upper solutions are allowed to be larger than positive equilibrium point. Then we establish the existence of traveling wave solutions by means of cross iterative and Schauder's fixed point theorem.
An integrated vendor-buyer model with quadratic demand under inspection policy and preservation technology
Authors: PERVİN Magfura , ROY Sankar Kumar , WEBER Gerhard-wilhelm
Published: November 2019

An integrated vendor-buyer model for deteriorating items is formulated in this study. To control deterioration rate, the vendor adopts preservation technology. Shortages are allowed for both vendor and buyer. During shortage period, the vendor simply doubles the production rate to meet the demand of buyer. The vendor's demand during non-shortage period follows a constant rate but, the demand is a quadratic decreasing function of time in shortage period. The buyer's demand is a quadratic increasing function of time when shortage does not occur but at shortages period, the demand is constant. The buyer accepts an inspection policy for imperfect product. Total cost is calculated for both the model and integrated system. Thereafter, the model is solved by minimizing the total cost. Numerical examples are given to show the applicability of the model. A sensitivity analysis is done to display the realistic applicability of our model and method.
On $K$-pseudoframes for subspaces
Authors: AZARMİ Hamide , JANFADA Mohammad , KAMYABİ-GO Rajab Ali
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the concept of $K$-pseudoframes for subspaces of Hilbert spaces, as a generalization of both $K$-frames and pseudoframes, is introduced and some of their properties and their characterizations are investigated. Next, duals of $K$-pseudoframes are discussed. Finally, the concept of pseudoatomic system is introduced and its relations with $K$-pseudoframe are studied.
SOME FEATURES OF BARLEY AND OATS PROCESSING
Authors: Sots S. , Kustov I. , Kuzmenko Y.
Published: November 2019

It is proved the high effectiveness of using naked oats varieties Salomon and Samuel and hull-less barley variety Achilles as raw material for production new groats products with high biological value. Researched modes of pearling, water heat treatment and its impact on yield of pearled and flaked groats. The technological scheme of processing hull less barley and naked oats for producing groats, flakes, mixtures of groats and flakes were developed. Technology includes grain cleaning stage, grain water heat treatment, pearling, sorting of pearling products, pearled groat water heat treatment, mixing, flaking, drying, and control of end products. Studied hull-less barley characterized by high protein content 14,615,8 % and β-glucans – 6,8-7,4 %, has same to conventional dehulled grain mass fraction of lipids 2,1-3,8 % and starch – 57,6-60,5 %, low ash content 2,3-2,7%. Naked oats grain traditionally characterized by high mass fraction of lipids – 6,0-6,3 %,high mass fraction of protein - 14,9-15,4% and βglucans - 6,4-6,9% close to conventional dehulled grain mass fraction of starch – 59,3-61,6 % and ash – 2,1-2,3 %. It was found that the technologically expedient moisture content of hull-less barley and naked oats before pearling is 12-13 %. In the pearling the grain with this humidity depending on the duration of pearling yield of groat estimated to range between 6796 %. Increasing moisture content of grain before pearling to 14.0% does not significantly change the limits of yield values, and pearling grain with low moisture content of 10.5% leads to excessive grinding and formation of a significant amount of by-products and waste in the form of fine particles and husking bran.Technologically expedient moisture content of naked oats pearled groat before steaming stage are 15 % and the vapor pressure in steamer of 0.10 MPa. For the pearled barley groat most appropriate moisture content of before steaming is 20 % and the vapor pressure in steamer of 0.10 MPa.Steaming in this mode allows to obtain flaked groats with yield at 84 to 93%
Librarian Like A Rock Star
Authors: Gall Dan
Published: November 2019

The business world has been using corporate branding and relationship marketing to build customer loyalty and satisfaction. In recent decades, individuals have applied the tenets of branding to themselves to create the idea of personal branding—marketing yourself as your own brand. By thinking in terms of personal branding and relationship marketing, distance education librarians can more effectively reach out to remote students and build long term relationships that are beneficial to both students and librarians.
IHC-Amplified Fluorescent Frozen Sections v1
Authors: Smith Elizabeth
Published: November 2019

Immunohistochemistry protocol used for staining with fluorescent secondary antibodies to highlight specific tissue structures and amplify specific antibody signals.
Density-based removal of bacteria from a culture of the marine heterotrophic flagellate Cafeteria roenbergensis v1
Authors: Duponchel Sarah , Berjon-Otero Monica , Fischer Matthias
Published: November 2019

Heterotrophic flagellates require co-culture with bacteria that serve as a food source. This protocol explains how to reduce the bacterial background of cultures of Cafeteria roenbergensis.
BDA Histology v1
Authors: Butler Blake
Published: November 2019

Staining protocol for visualization of BDA 3K. Species - Feline Tissue Preparation - Perfusion of 4% PAF; Cryoprotected 30% Sucrose; Section thickness of 60 microns
Professional Training of Teacher 4.0: Developing Digital Competency By Means of ePortfolio
Authors: Smolyaninova Olga G. , Bezyzvestnykh Ekaterina A.
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this article is to present the experience of trainee teachers in implementing professional activities in the context of Industry 4.0, and developing the education model 4.0, which provides a change in technologies, forms and teaching aids focused on new requirements for educational results, and implementation of a lifelong educational trajectory. The subject of the study is digital competency, which is the basic competency of Teacher 4.0, which allows teachers to systematically implement professional activities in a digital society, integrate knowledge and interdisciplinary skills. The development of ICT competence is described in the process of training tutors (Bachelor degree in Education) at the Institute of Education, Psychology and Sociology of Siberian Federal University by means of electronic portfolio. The article substantiates methodological approaches and methodological solutions for the development of ICT competency, describes the levels of its formation in the electronic educational environment of a federal university by means of electronic portfolios. The described experimental work discloses assessment of the effectiveness of the presented method for developing ICT competency of trainee tutors within mastering the systemically important IT disciplines. The article presents diagnostic tools, including a list of valid techniques for the component-wise assessment of the ICT competence level of trainee tutors. The main results of the study can serve the basis for further developments in the field of effective training in different teaching specializations, taking into account the requirements of academic and professional standards in the context of digitalization of education and the development of electronic information educational environment
Information and Education Systems in the Context of Digitalization of Education
Authors: Karakozov Sergey D. , Ryzhova Natalia I.
Published: November 2019

The article describes the changes in the modern socio-economic environment, which affect the digitalization of society, including the socio-educational sphere. On the basis of the authors’ proposals for the development of the concept of “information-educational systems”, mathematical models for their description and mechanisms for analysing their essential characteristics determined by modern processes of development and digitalization of society are indicated. Through the example of using elements of the theory of dynamic deductive databases and the theory of neural networks, the article describes mathematical models that adequately reflect strategies for the development of people and stable small groups, as well as large dynamic human communities, on the basis of which recommendations are proposed for developing such strategies. The results can be used in the pedagogical design of various models of educational activities and information and educational systems for various purposes, including education management and direct training. It also seems that the mechanisms and features of information and educational systems described in the article will allow us to establish an evidence-based educational policy at various levels in the context of digitalization
From Digital Humanities to a Renewed Approach to Digital Learning and Teaching
Authors: Nowakowski Samuel , Bernard Guillaume
Published: November 2019

In a world in which digital interfaces, dematerialization, automation, so-called tools of artificial intelligence aim to drive away the human or eliminate the relationship with humans! The way other beings see us is important. What would happen if we took the full measure of this idea? How would this affect our understanding of society, culture, and the world we inhabit? How would this affect our understanding of the human, since in this world beyond the human, we sometimes find things that we prefer to attribute only to ourselves? What impacts on education, learning, teaching? After having explored the field opened by these questions, we will bring an answer with a reinvention of the learning platform named KOALA (KnOwledge Aware Learning Assistant). KOALA is a new online learning platform that comes back to internet sources. Symmetrical and acentric, KOALA combines analyzes from the digital humanities and answers to the challenges of education in the 21st century
A method for feature matching in images using descriptor structures
Authors:   Murom Institute (branch), Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Zakharov A.A. , Zhiznyakov A.L. ,   Murom Institute (branch), Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Titov V.S. ,   Southwest State University
Published: November 2019

A method of feature matching in images using descriptor structures is considered in the work. The descriptors in the developed method can be any known solutions in the field of computer vision. However, inaccuracies can occur when matching image pairs. It is proposed that descriptor structures should be compared to eliminate the “outliers”. Descriptor structures are described using graphs. An Umeyama method is used to find matching features using descriptor structures. The method is based on the decomposition of matrices into eigenvalues and eigenvectors for weighted graph matching problems. Thus, matches are based on the descriptor at the initial stage. Two graphs are then constructed for each image based on the resulting sets of mapped features. The weights of the graph are distances between all image features, calculated using the Gauss function. Weight matrices are built for each graph. Matrix decomposition is carried out into eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The resulting matrix is calculated based on the Umeyama method and correct matches are found. Thus, false matches are excluded from the set of matches obtained using descriptors by comparing structures. The method is invariant to zoom and in-plane image rotation. The method leads to correct results only if the number of correct matches is greater than the number of false matches. The complexity of the developed algorithm is proportional to the number of matches found.
Hardware implementation of a convolutional neural network using calculations in the residue number system
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Chervyakov N.I. , Lyakhov P.A. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Nagornov N.N. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Valueva M.V. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Valuev G.V. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: November 2019

Modern convolutional neural networks architectures are very resource intensive which limits the possibilities for their wide practical application. We propose a convolutional neural network architecture in which the neural network is divided into hardware and software parts to increase performance and reduce the cost of implementation resources. We also propose to use the residue number system in the hardware part to implement the convolutional layer of the neural network for resource costs reducing. A numerical method for quantizing the filters coefficients of a convolutional network layer is proposed to minimize the influence of quantization noise on the calculation result in the residue number system and determine the bit-width of the filters coefficients. This method is based on scaling the coefficients by a fixed number of bits and rounding up and down. The operations used make it possible to reduce resources in hardware implementation due to the simplifying of their execution. All calculations in the convolutional layer are performed on numbers in a fixed-point format. Software simulations using Matlab 2017b showed that convolutional neural network with a minimum number of layers can be quickly and successfully trained. Hardware implementation using the field-programmable gate array Kintex7 xc7k70tfbg484-2 showed that the use of residue number system in the convolutional layer of the neural network reduces the hardware costs by 32.6% compared with the traditional approach based on the two’s complement representation. The research results can be applied to create effective video surveillance systems, for recognizing handwriting, individuals, objects and terrain.
CHARACTERISTICS AND STRUCTURE OF METHODICAL THINKING OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER
Authors: Saetzianovna Khakimzianova Alsu , Mirgasimovna Ilyasova Asiya , Bulat Ildarovich Fakhrutdinov
Published: November 2019

Purpose of the study: In this article, we will try to more thoroughly reveal the essence of the phenomenon "methodical thinking" and present its component composition as an object of development.

Methodology: Methodical thinking is a peculiar phenomenon with its own content and structure, its own characteristics and functional links with methodical skills and with the personality of the teacher. In the study of methodical thinking, we were guided by the well-known proposition that mental processes are included in certain specific forms of activity, within which and depending on which they are formed.

Results: The methodical side of a foreign language teacher can be represented as the solution of a long series of methodological tasks that are the object of methodical thinking. The factors influencing the nature of methodical thinking are diverse and heterogeneous, but it is the peculiarities of the methodological task that determine, first of all, its specificity. Training teachers of a foreign language should carry with it the possibilities for the formation of a multitude of socially valuable motives, i.e. there should be a purposeful, consistent education of the motivational sphere of thinking.

Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students.

Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of the characteristics and structure of methodical thinking of a foreign language teacher is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
EDUCATIONAL VALUE OF TOPONYMICAL DICTIONARIES IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: G. Chumarova Lyubov , A. Belyayeva Evgeniya , Mukhametzyanova Rezeda
Published: November 2019

Purpose of the study: This article is about the experience of using toponymical dictionaries in the process of developing communicative skills of the students at undergraduate level.

Methodology: The authors use toponymical dictionaries of the native language and of the learning foreign language as valuable sources in their work. According to our experience, the toponymical dictionaries help to motivate students for self-study, to find interesting information about their native places where they were born and grew up and about the English-speaking countries. Students research the names of the places with great interest.

Results: The authors analyzed the educational value of toponymical dictionaries. In the article, it is described the research of some successful methods and techniques of using toponymical dictionaries in teaching foreign language. It was researched pedagogical principals of using toponymical dictionaries in teaching and learning process; what results are possible to achieve and what exercises can be used working with toponymical dictionaries in teaching foreign language.

Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students.

Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of the Educational Value of Toponymical Dictionaries in Teaching Foreign Language is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Production of Structured Lipids Rich in Triacylglycerols Containing Medium-Chain Fatty Acids and Unsaturated Fatty Acids at the Sn-2 Position through Enzymatic Interesterification
Authors: Nurhasanah Siti , Wulandari Nur , Munarso S Joni , Hariyadi Purwiyatno
Published: November 2019

Coconut and palm oils have their own unique physical and health functionality properties. Interesterification of coconut and palm oils is expected to produce new types of lipids that combine these advantages. The triacylglycerol profile and the regions of fatty acid distribution primarily dictate the properties of lipids. This study was conducted to investigate the interesterification process of producing structured lipids using two lipase enzymes with different specificities (Novozyme 435; nonspecific and TL IM, sn-1,3-specific). The resulting structured lipids were characterized based on their triacylglycerol profile. Results demonstrated that the use of Novozyme 435 lipase generated a mixture of triacylglycerol products containing more medium-chain fatty acids at the sn-2 position, whereas the use of TL IM lipase yielded structured lipids containing more unsaturated fatty acids at the sn-2 position and a greater number of new triacylglycerols than those produced using Novozyme 435 lipase. Therefore, based on the triacylglycerol structures, the use of TL IM lipase is more potential in producing structured lipids that can be used as ingredients of functional food for easy digestion, which could be useful for reducing specific diseases and metabolic syndrome.
Characterization of Probiotic Bacterial Candidates from Jatinangor-Indonesia Breast Milk
Authors: Hanidah In-In , Kaya Putri Indira Lanti , Putranto Wendry Setiyadi , Nurhadi Bambang , Sumanti Debby Moody
Published: November 2019

Breast milk is an important nutrient for neonates in body’s nutritional needs and immune system formation.  Some research show breast milk generally contains Bifidobacteria and probiotic bacteria species of Lactobacillus. Microbiota in the breast milk from every area is diverse, bacteria isolated from healthy mothers’ breast milk from Taiwan and six regions of China (Central, East, North, Northeast, South, and Southwest China). It shows Streptococcaceae (24.4%), Pseudomonadaceae (14.0%), Staphylococcaceae (12.2%), Lactobacillaceae (6.2%), and Oxalobacteraceae (4.8%). Germany or Austria provided the breast milk from 160 women contain L. salivarius (35.00%), L. fermentum (25.00%), L. gasseri (21.88%), and Bifidobacterial species (13.75%). Spanish   provided Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, and Acinetobacter dominated the breast milk from 21 healthy mother. In this study, isolation and characterization of candidates for probiotic bacteria from fifteen breast milk samples from Sumedang - Indonesia. The main purpose of this study was to isolate and identify probiotic bacteria that are resistant pH 2 and tolerance of 0.3% bile concentration. The results showed that were twelve isolate candidate probiotic bacteria able to grow on pH 2 media for 2 hours and tolerance of 0.3% bile concentration. Only two of them had the best growth and potential probiotic candidates. Base on Biochemical identification using the Vitek 2.0 Card type: ANC testing instrument 00001658F4A9 (12903), there are Staphylococcus hominis (8.3%) and Lactobacillus plantarum (8.3%). In the future, S. hominis will be probiotic bacteria that can be applied as functional food.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Flavonoids Content in Fruit of Okra (Abelmoschus escullentus L. Moench) from Magelang Central Java Indonesia
Authors: Hadi Saptono , Myint Thu Zar Soe
Published: November 2019

Okra (Abelmoschus escullentus L. Moench) is a vital vegetable crop widely grown in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world with high medicinal value. its great potential use as a medicinal plant. Okra is rich in protein, unsaturated fatty acids, minerals, free amino acids, as well as bioactive ingredients, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids. Flavonoids are one important bioactive with many biological activities, such as anti-hepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. In this work, the optimum extraction conditions and spectrophotometric method for determining the total flavonoid content from the fruit of okra were investigated. The coarse powder of fruits of okra from Magelang Central Java Indonesia was subjected to extraction by the maceration method with different solvents (water, hexane, and ethyl alcohol). Qualitative analysis using a TLC method of flavonoids was performed in optimized systems chloroform : acetone : formic acid (75 : 16.5 : 8.5 v/v), and visualization by observing on UV lamp (at l = 254 and 366 nm) spraying with reagent ammonia. UV-Vis spectrophotometry analysis for quantification of flavonoid was previously validated in terms of linearity, the limit of detection, the limit of quantification, precision, and accuracy. The quantitative results of the fruits crude extracts of okra revealed the percentage yield of the flavonoids at the level of 4.41 mg/g ethanolic extract, which was significantly higher than that of the other extracts. The findings of the present study suggest that the okra fruit extracts have significant amounts of total flavonoid with potential applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.
Designing a Relief Distribution Network under Uncertain Situation: Preparedness in Responding to Disaster
Authors: Patrisina Reinny , Sirivongpaisal Nikorn , Suthummanon Sakesun
Published: November 2019

None can predict a disaster precisely: where, when, and how big a disaster will strike one area. This situation leads to uncertainty in such as required demand and supply availabilities. To an area that has been identified threatening by a natural hazard, a possible disaster scenario may compile. Since time is vital in disaster response operations, developing strategies to speed up emergency response is necessitated. This study is aimed to develop a stochastic model for a location-allocation problem in responding to a forecasted disaster. Our stochastic approach recommends a number and locations of local distribution centers (LDCs) that are required to be set up in the initial stage of the response phase and a number of relief items that will be dispatched to survivors in the affected areas through the proposed relief network. A mixed delivery strategy is applied in a 3-tier of a relief distribution network encompassing warehouses, LDCs, and shelters. This strategy provides the affected people in some of the shelters to receive relief items directly from nearby warehouses, while the remaining shelters will get supplies indirectly through the opened LDCs. Comparing to the indirect strategy that shelters are permitted to receive aid goods only through LDCs, the proposed mixed delivery strategy provides more efficient and effective relief distribution. The probable tsunami in West Sumatra, Indonesia, known as Mentawai Megathrust, is employed to illustrate the developed model. The model will be beneficial for disaster managers to improve the performance of a disaster relief operation.
The Pattern of EDTA-Blood Photo Spectrum in Ovarian Cancer Patients: A Novel Biomarker
Authors: Ngadikun  , Widodo Untung , Tasmini  , Pradjatmo Heru , Sadewa Ahmad Hamim , Nugroho Kuncoro Asih
Published: November 2019

One of the main causes of women’s cancer-related death is Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC). A new spectrophotometric method was developed to determine a biomarker for EOC. This study aims to investigate the pattern of EDTA-blood photo spectrum in EOC patients. One ml blood was collected from sixty-six subjects (33 EOC patients, 33 healthy controls) by venipuncture, which then drawn into EDTA tubes for photo spectrum analysis. The t-test using programming in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) for Windows 7 tested the differences in ENBS and EBS parameters in the two groups and the parameters of EDTA-blood photo spectrum in two groups based on the energetics of non-biological systems (ENBS) and energetics of biological systems (EBS) approach. The statistical significance of p<0.01 was taken to evaluate the difference. The receivers operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to evaluate the effect of biomarkers on these parameters. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) is used to evaluate the biomarker with the correspondence interval (CI) of 95%. The t-test results indicate that the significant difference was observed between EOC patients and healthy controls only in parameter-1 of the parameters based on the ENBS approach. However, there were significant differences in all parameters based on the EBS approach. In a training dataset, the AUC values were 0.663, 0.704, 0.546, 0.611, 0.619, and 0.676 for ideal parameter-1 to 6 (IP1-6); and 0.886, 0.855, 0.765, 0.909, 0.897, and 0.789 for real parameter-1 to 6 (RP1-6). Sensitivity and specificity of IP1-6 = 48.5%, 42.4%, 24.2%, 57.6%,  84.8%, and 60.6%; and 100.0%, 100.0%, 97.0%, 66.7%, 39.4%,  and 72.7% respectively, at cut-off point 1.0E-12, -1.3E-06, 3.2E-01, 7.2E-11, -2.7E-05, and 4.5E+00 respectively; whereas sensitivity and specificity of  RP1-6 = 100.0%, 100.0%, 84.8%, 100.0%, 100.0%, and 93.9%; and 93.9%, 90.9%, 81.8%, 100.0%, 97.0%, and 81.8% respectively, at cut-off point 5.0E-04, 6.3E-04, -1.1E-03, 9.4E-03, -8.8E-03, and 9.8E-03 respectively. Thus, it could be concluded that parameters of the pattern of EDTA-blood photo spectrum based on the ENBS approach could be used to identify new biomarkers of EOC.
A New Approach to Model Parameter Determination of Self-Potential Data using Memory-based Hybrid Dragonfly Algorithm
Authors: Ramadhani Irwansyah , Sungkono Sungkono
Published: November 2019

A new approach based on global optimization technique is applied to invert Self-Potential (SP) data which is a highly nonlinear inversion problem. This technique is called Memory-based Hybrid Dragonfly Algorithm (MHDA). This algorithm is proposed to balance out the high exploration behavior of Dragonfly Algorithm (DA), which causes a low convergence rate and often leads to the local optimum solution. MHDA was developed by adding internal memory and iterative level hybridization into DA which successfully balanced the exploration and exploitation behaviors of DA. In order to assess the performance of MHDA, it is firstly implemented to invert the single and multiple noises contaminated in synthetic SP data, which were caused by several simple geometries of buried anomalies: sphere and inclined sheet. MHDA is subsequently implemented to invert the field SP data for several cases: buried metallic drum, landslide, and Lumpur Sidoarjo (LUSI) embankment anomalies. As a stochastic method, MHDA is able to provide Posterior Distribution Model (PDM), which contains possible solutions of the SP data inversion. PDM is obtained from the exploration behavior of MHDA. All accepted models as PDM have a lower misfit value than the specified tolerance value of the objective function in the inversion process. In this research, solutions of the synthetic and field SP data inversions are estimated by the median value of PDM. Furthermore, the uncertainty value of obtained solutions can be estimated by the standard deviation value of PDM. The inversion results of synthetic and field SP data show that MHDA is able to estimate the solutions and the uncertainty values of solutions well. It indicates that MHDA is a good and an innovative technique to be implemented in solving the SP data inversion problem.
Innovative Design of the Combined Rocking Horse Toy and Folding Chair for Children
Authors: Prakoso Indro , Purnomo Hari
Published: November 2019

Every parent in giving toys to their children must have their criteria, both in terms of safety, unique toy design and durability of the toy product. Therefore, toy companies must be able to develop quality improvement. Toy is considered as a tertiary need for humans, yet its development of innovation is no less important compared to primary and secondary needs, especially rocking horse toy. Its shape and way of playing make it as one of the prominent toy for children and one of the most famous traditional toy. The emergence of modern toy has left the traditional toy in gradual decline and thus worrying its manufacturers. Subsequently, the manufacturers of traditional toy have managed to combine the rocking horse and folding chair so that the folding chair, when the two of its sides being folded, may form a rocking horse. Furthermore, to determine the parameter of design innovation, the Kansei engineering approach has been chosen and using the emotions and needs of the costumers as the basis. Kansei is able to show children's emotions in choosing and playing toys, then applied to the designThere are five Kansei words appeared: secure, interesting, pleasant, dependable, and user friendly. These Kansei words are used as the parameter of design innovation. The value of Z>0.05 on validity test is applicable to all the five words mentioned earlier. This new design is expected to increase the passion of rocking horse toy manufacturers to compete with modern toy companies. Then there is no doubt the design for the toy is also important.