bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Benefits, Risks and Regulation of Using ChatGPT in Chinese Academia: A Content Analysis
Authors: Hung Jason , Chen Jackson
Published: June 2023

Research Aims. This research project investigates what are the major benefits and risks of Chinese students using ChatGPT for academic activities. Also, the project assesses how, if applicable, should ChatGPT be regulated in Chinese academic settings in order to maintain academic integrity and ethical standards. Methodology. The collection of primary data from relevant newspaper articles serves as the foundation of this research project. Here, the content analysis is used for primary data collection. A combination of keywords [“ChatGPT” AND (“China” OR “Chinese”) AND (“students” OR “student”)] were typed on the Google news search engine on 12 April 2023. A sum of 40 newspaper articles were deemed eligible for data analysis. Both qualitative and quantitative data were extracted and analyzed. Findings. The opinion of using ChatGPT to fulfil academic responsibilities has been polarized in China. The conservative camps worry that students are using ChatGPT to commit academic cheating. However, some Chinese educators believe AI-powered technologies should be incorporated into academic learning as AI-enabled writing tools can help improve the quality of academic outputs. A major concern that Chinese educators hold, to date, is plagiarism violations by students as an act of academic cheating. Most newspaper articles presented the use of ChatGPT in Chinese academic settings neutrally. Newspaper articles published in March 2023 contained more positive and negative word(s) about the use of ChatGPT in academic learning. Conclusions. Given the benefits ChatGPT can provide and the near-infeasibility of massively ban the use of AI-powered software, more regulations should be set up in Chinese academia. Teachers have to guide students on how to fact-check the details provided by AI and add citations and references accordingly in their coursework. Moreover, teachers should guide students on how to ask AI-powered software questions systematically and creatively, in order to maximize the intellectual outputs generated from ChatGPT.
The Colonised Self: The Politics of UK Asylum Practices, and the Embodiment of Colonial Power in Lived Experience
Authors: Walsh Julie , Ferazzoli Maria Teresa
Published: June 2023

This paper draws on empirical data generated in the ‘Everyday Bordering in the UK’ project, with a focus on the experiences of people seeking asylum and hoping to establish a safe life in the UK. Specifically, we show that during the process of claiming asylum, people’s experiences of waiting and displacement—practices inherent in UK immigration policies—work as time- and space-based dimensions of power that are imbued with colonial logic. Existing studies apply the lens of Foucault’s governmentality approach to politics regulating people seeking asylum. In particular, the international literature describes the policy of dispersal, and associated periods of waiting, as a dynamic of power used by governments to control and regulate behaviours. However, these time- and space-related experiences are often considered separately, focusing on the rationalities underpinning these politics. This paper, by contrast, develops Foucault’s theories by examining how these two characteristics interconnect in the lived realities of people waiting for an asylum decision in the UK to create racialised politics of power and privilege that reproduce the colonial origins of European migration governance. In doing so, we contribute by illustrating how practices within the UK asylum system can be embodied by people seeking asylum to create a subject that modifies behaviours in response to being positioned as ‘less deserving’ than UK citizens—the ‘colonised self’.
Association between Pain and Frequent Physical Exercise among Adults in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Database Study
Authors: Axon David R. , Maldonado Taylor
Published: June 2023

Pain affects over 20% of United States adults, and less than 50% of United States adults participate in frequent physical exercise. This cross-sectional database study included 13,758 United States adults aged >18 years from the 2020 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) and analyzed the association between severity of pain (independent variable) and frequent physical exercise (dependent variable), adjusting for demographic, economic, limitation, and health variables using multivariable logistic regression. The study showed 50.3% of adults report frequently exercising. Only 37.1% of adults reported experiencing pain of any degree, with a majority of them experiencing little pain. In the adjusted model, extreme pain vs. none, quite a bit of pain vs. none, Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic ethnicity, having a functional limitation vs. no limitation, and being overweight/obese vs. not being obese/overweight were associated with lower odds of reporting doing frequent physical exercise. Meanwhile, being ≥65 or 40–64 vs. 18–39 years of age, male vs. female, white vs. not white race, private or public vs. no health coverage, and good vs. poor general health were associated with greater odds of reporting doing frequent physical exercise. These variables associated with frequent physical exercise should be considered in future work when designing health interventions.
Research on J2 Evolution Law and Control under the Condition of Internal Pressure Relief in Surrounding Rock of Deep Roadway
Authors: Chen Dongdong , Wang Zhiqiang , Jiang Zaisheng , Xie Shengrong , Li Zijian , Ye Qiucheng , Zhu Jingkun
Published: June 2023

In order to solve the support problem of deep soft crushed coal roadway, a concentrated cavern in a mining station of a mine is taken as the test object. Based on the analysis and summary of the field observation data and the law of rock pressure appearance, a new technology of pressure relief anchoring with the main body of “initiative support + borehole pressure relief” is proposed. This new technology will carry out strong active support in the shallow part of the surrounding rock and excavate a row of low-density large-diameter pressure relief boreholes in the deep coal body of the roadway ribs. The numerical analysis model is established by FLAC3D, and the second invariant of deviatoric stress (J2) is used as the analysis index to elaborate the influence of different borehole parameters on the pressure relief effect of roadway surrounding rock. The results show that different borehole parameters have different effects on roadway pressure relief, that is, borehole depth > borehole length > borehole spacing. After the borehole process is used to relieve the pressure of the surrounding rock, the deformation of the mining roadway side in the subsequent observation process is always controlled within the range of 100 mm, and the shallow surrounding rock support system is effectively protected. The comprehensive control effect is very obvious. Therefore, the field practice proves that the supporting technology can effectively solve the problem of large deformation support of similar roadway surrounding rock.
Urban Agriculture in Great Bandung Region in the Midst of Commercialization, Food Insecurity, and Nutrition Inadequacy
Authors: Abdoellah Oekan S. , Wulandari Indri , Safitri Kinanti Indah , Fianti Nafa Destri , Basagevan Rahma Maulia Fadli , Aini Mega Nurul , Amalia Rosalina Ilmi , Suraloka Mahardhika Puspa Arum , Utama Gemilang Lara
Published: June 2023

The proliferation of commercialization in the development of urban agriculture (UA) within the Great Bandung region has precipitated the dislocation of numerous small-scale farmers, consequently engendering a reduction in the accessibility of locally cultivated sustenance. The resultant effect of this phenomenon is the exacerbation of food insecurity among low-income inhabitants who lack the financial wherewithal to procure the relatively expensive imported food items. Furthermore, the dearth of availability of unprocessed, high-quality sustenance has resulted in suboptimal dietary intake among a considerable proportion of the populace. A survey was conducted utilizing questionnaires to gather data from 137 units of respondents consisting of both subsistence and commercial urban farmers. The comparative analysis of the earnings of urban farmers was conducted vis-à-vis the minimum wages projected for the year 2023 in West Java and Bandung City. The utilization of the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) is a prevalent method for evaluating food insecurity through the analysis of self-reported food-related behaviors and experiences, both pre- and post-UA operations. A 24 h Food Recall Instrument examined nutrition adequacy in urban farmer households, which was analyzed using chi-square with descriptive presentation. Urban agriculture could help solve commercialization, food insecurity, and nutrition issues in the Great Bandung Region. Commercial urban farmers (51.09%) earned 280.46% of West Java provincial minimum wages or 136.82% of Bandung City minimum wages in 2023. The subsistence farmers’ cohort (48.91%) earned 14.64% of West Java provincial minimum earnings or 7.14% of Bandung City minimum wages in 2023. In general, the prevalence of ties to food insecurity was predominantly observed subsequent to UA practices. The study revealed a prevalence of vitamin A surplus among urban farmers, while a preponderance of inadequacy in other nutritional aspects was also observed.
Optimization of Storage Location Assignment for Non-Traditional Layout Warehouses Based on the Firework Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Mo Tiantian , Zhang Yougong
Published: June 2023

With the development of logistics, sustainable warehousing has become increasingly important. To promote the warehousing efficiency, non-traditional layout warehouses and storage location assignments have been proposed separately. However, they are rarely combined. Taking inspiration from the advantages of non-traditional layout warehouses and storage location assignments, a storage location assignment optimization algorithm for non-traditional layout warehouses is proposed to further improve the efficiency and sustainability of warehousing. By reducing the picking distance and picking time, this algorithm further boosts the warehouse efficiency and sustainability, saving energy in the process and resulting in positive effects on the environment and the economy. In the process of establishing the model, taking the order-picking efficiency and shelf stability as optimizing objectives, a multi-objective optimization model is derived. Then, a storage location assignment optimization algorithm based on the firework algorithm is developed using adaptive strategies for explosion and selection to enhance the convergence rate and optimization performance of the algorithm. With this approach, the storage location assignment optimization for non-traditional layout warehouses can be handled well. Finally, a set of comparative simulations is carried out with MATLAB, and the results show various positive effects for sustainable warehouse management, such as a higher order-picking efficiency, better shelf stability, time and resource savings, and so on.
Research on Influencing Factors of Residential Building Carbon Emissions and Carbon Peak: A Case of Henan Province in China
Authors: Yang Xin , Sima Yifei , Lv Yabo , Li Mingwei
Published: June 2023

Buildings are considered to have significant emission reduction potential. Residential building carbon emissions, as the most significant type of building-related carbon emissions, represent a crucial factor in achieving both carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets for China. Based on carbon emission data from Henan Province, a large province located in central China, between 2010 and 2020, this study employed the Kaya-LMDI decomposition method to analyze seven driving factors of carbon emission evolution, encompassing energy, population, and income, and assessed the historical reduction in CO2 emissions from residential buildings. Then, by integrating Kaya identity static analysis with Monte Carlo dynamic simulation, various scenarios were established to infer the future evolution trend, peak time, and potential for carbon emission reduction in residential buildings. The analysis results are as follows: (1) The carbon emissions of residential buildings in Henan exhibited a rising trend from 2010 to 2020, albeit with a decelerating growth rate. (2) Per capita household disposable income is the main driving factor for the increase in carbon emissions, but the household housing purchase index inhibits most of the growth of carbon emissions for the residential buildings in Henan, with the total carbon emission reduction of residential buildings reaches 106.42 million tons of CO2 during the research period. (3) During the period from 2020 to 2050, residential buildings in Henan Province will exhibit an “inverted U-shaped” trend in carbon emissions under the three static scenarios. The base scenario predicts that carbon emissions will reach their peak of 131.66 million tons in 2036, while the low-carbon scenario forecasts a peak of 998.8 million tons in 2030 and the high-carbon scenario projects a peak of 138.65 million tonnes in 2041. (4) Under the dynamic simulation scenario, it is anticipated that residential buildings in Henan Province will reach their carbon peak in 2036 ± 3 years, with a corresponding carbon emission of 155.34 million tons. This study can serve as a valuable reference for the future development of low-carbon pathways within the building sector.
Effects of Domestic Sewage on the Photosynthesis and Chromium Migration of Coix lacryma-jobi L. in Chromium-Contaminated Constructed Wetlands
Authors: Nong Yu , Liu Xinyi , Peng Zi , Li Liangxiang , Cheng Xiran , Wang Xueli , Li Zhengwen , Li Zhigang , Li Suli
Published: June 2023

To investigate the effects of domestic sewage on the photosynthesis and chromium migration of plants in chromium-contaminated constructed wetlands, small vertical flow constructed wetlands of Coix lacryma-jobi L. were set up. These wetlands were used to treat wastewater containing 0, 20, and 40 mg/L of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)), prepared with domestic sewage (DS), 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution (NS), and 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution prepared with domestic wastewater (DN), respectively. The aim was to investigate the effects of domestic sewage on indicators, such as plant growth and chromium accumulation. The results were as follows: (1) Plant heights were significantly inhibited under 20 mg/L and 40 mg/L Cr (VI) treatments, and stem diameters were not significantly affected. The use of domestic sewage in treatment alleviated the inhibition of Cr (VI) on the growth of Coix lacryma-jobi L. (2) Indicators such as root activity, photosynthetic gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence properties significantly decreased with the increase in Cr (VI) concentration. The values of these photosynthetic gas exchange parameters under the DN treatment were the greatest, followed by NS and DS. On the 70th day of Cr (VI) treatment, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) under the DN treatment was significantly higher than that under NS and DS treatments. (3) Glutathione (GSH) content in roots, stems, and leaves of Coix lacryma-jobi L. significantly increased with the increase in Cr concentration, and it increased more significantly under the DN and DS treatments than under the NS treatment. (4) With the same Cr treatment, the Cr content in roots, stems, and leaves of Coix lacryma-jobi L. under the NS treatment was the highest, followed by DS and DN. The total Cr content in the substrate under the DN treatment was the highest, followed by DS and NS. (5) The addition of domestic sewage reduced the Cr (VI) content in the water sample and increased the organic matter content. The Cr (VI) content in the water sample under the NS treatment was the highest, followed by DS and DN. The addition of domestic sewage increased the accumulation of chromium in the substrate, decreased the absorption of chromium by plants, increased GSH content in roots, stems, and leaves, alleviated the damage of Cr (VI) to plants, and thus benefited the growth of Coix lacryma-jobi L. in the constructed wetlands and ensured the sustainable and stable operation of the wetlands.
Risk-Based Approach in the Implementation of Integrated Management Systems: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ispas Lucian , Mironeasa Costel , Silvestri Alessandro
Published: June 2023

The risk-based approach is one of the keys used in the implementation of management systems using requirements from the management standards. If the management systems are implemented separately, the risks are evaluated from only one perspective, but when two or more systems are integrated, the approach must take into account the synergetic effects of the risks due to system integration. The paper aims to highlight the specific risks encountered when implementing management systems in organizations, underlining the risks associated with systems management and integrated management systems. In this work, a synthesis was presented including an analysis of the risks that occurred during the implementation of management systems and those that occurred during their integration, the need and opportunity of risk management, the advantages, and barriers in the approach of risk management in the industrial sector. The review of the literature comprises the assessment of 190 papers, 11 books, and 5 standards. The content of the paper highlights a synthesis of risk-based thinking and the risks that can manifest in the implementation of quality, environmental, and occupational safety and health management systems in industrial organizations, as well as those which can manifest in the implementation of integrated management systems. In addition, the benefits and barriers in risk management and risk management strategies, with an emphasis on the presentation of the Deming approach to risk management, were evidenced. Some recommendations and proposals for future research were made.
The Environmental Impacts of Caesar Salad Packaging
Authors: Stephens Nate , Hurley Rupert A. , Kimmel Robert , Bridges William , Frierson Ami , Darby Duncan , Skaggs Jeanne , Albro Maggie
Published: June 2023

There are at least 151 ways to uniquely package ingredients for a Caesar salad, and this research provides the environmental impacts of each so organizations can make more informed packaging decisions. This research examines the environmental impacts of salad packaging at the retail market based on the typical Caesar salad from the manufacturing gate to the post-consumer gate. A retail audit of salad packaging was conducted across the southeast USA in the summer of 2021, identifying 167 unique packaging types offered across four methods of sale: (1) whole packaged ingredients, (2) prepared packaged ingredients, (3) packaged salad kits, and (4) salad bar containers. Analysis of these packaged products yielded 26 unique materials that were analyzed within Trayak COMPASS life cycle analysis (LCA) software. One hundred and fifty-one possible salad packaging combinations were generated and assessed through various environmental impact measurements. A novel formula was developed that provides a standard score for each possible combination. For lettuce, heavier clamshells and tubs were more impactful than flexible bags. For cheese, flexible bags were less impactful than heavier, rigid packaging. For croutons, bag-in-box solutions were just as impactful as multi-layer flexible pouches. For dressings, impact corresponded with weight, where a flexible plastic pouch had less of an impact than plastic and glass bottles. Packaged kits and salad bar packaging were analyzed as well, determining bagged kits’ impacts were significantly lower than those of bowl kits. Five packages common to salad bars were analyzed, where coated paper had less of an impact than molded pulp and plastic clamshells. The value of this work can be leveraged by researchers and organizations who seek to make packaging decisions based on environmental impacts and consumers who seek to be more informed about the impacts of the packaging they purchase.
Environmental Value Assessment of Plastic Pollution Control: A Study Based on Evidence from a Survey in China
Authors: Han Lingmei , You Jianqiang , Meng Jiening
Published: June 2023

A scientific environmental management decision is based on the correct assessment of environmental value. Aiming to objectively and accurately assess the environmental value of plastic pollution treatment, in this paper, we design a choice experiment with four item characteristic attributes consisting of source reduction, recycling, cleanup and remediation and price. With the research data of 450 interviewed residents, a choice experiment method (CEM) and numerical simulation were used to comprehensively assess the environmental value of plastic pollution treatment in China, incorporating discount rates and future price changes of environmental products into the study. The results showed that: (1) residents’ willingness to pay per capita for source reduction, remediation and recycling was CNY 32.79, CNY 25.27 and CNY 15.78, respectively; (2) from the perspective of compensation surplus, the residents were willing to pay CNY 147.68 per capita for environmental improvement; (3) the dynamic curve of the value of plastic pollution control displayed an increasing, then gradually declining trend, and its total economic value of 100a was CNY 21,259.97 per capita; and (4) the model simulated the possible trajectory of future changes in plastic pollution control (three scenarios of constant, decreasing and increasing rates of development of plastic pollution control services) and found that addressing the plastic pollution problem early is more conducive to improving the overall welfare of society. This study can provide a basis for scientific evaluation of the benefits of plastic pollution management and allocation of pollution management resources.
Analysis of Coupled and Coordinated Development of South Korea’s Life-Cycle and Public Housing Systems from 2017 to 2021
Authors: Duan Ziyu , Kim Seiyong
Published: June 2023

Providing sustainable public housing solutions is one of the major challenges for countries with emerging economies. Based on the panel data of eight metropolitan cities in South Korea from 2017 to 2021, this study uses the entropy value method and coupling coordination model to evaluate the quantitative interaction between the life-cycle and the public housing systems, followed by the OLS regression model to explore their level of coupling coordination and its influencing factors. The findings reveal the following: (1) The support of public housing welfare by the life cycle had previously been effective in alleviating housing conflicts. (2) The main evaluation values of the indicators had their focus shifted from the quantitative supply to the growth of households, housing cost affordability, and housing size. (3) Overall, the average level of coupling and coordination among Korean cities has risen substantially, but the development of the public housing system still lags behind the change in the life cycle of each city’s composite index. As a result, policymakers should reasonably allocate policies by focusing on their long-term benefits. (4) The supply for emerging families, infrastructure allocation, and the affordability of housing are important factors for improving the level of coordination that should be considered.
Challenges Related to the Transformation of Post-Mining Underground Workings into Underground Laboratories
Authors: Konieczna-Fuławka Martyna , Szumny Marcin , Fuławka Krzysztof , Jaśkiewicz-Proć Izabela , Pactwa Katarzyna , Kozłowska-Woszczycka Aleksandra , Joutsenvaara Jari , Aro Päivi
Published: June 2023

Underground mines are a vital part of the European raw material industry. The subsurface mining process is related to the large-scale development of underground structures like tunnels, chambers, workings, etc. These structures are abandoned or liquidated during the process of exploitation or after the termination of works. Still, due to the unique environment, post-mining facilities may be adopted for different purposes. There are few examples of implementations of this capacity in practical terms such as underground laboratories (ULs), energy storages, landfills of dangerous wastes, or food production plants. Unfortunately, the unique environment offered by underground space is also related to the occurrence of exceptional hazards, like seismicity and ground control problems, gases, floods, the lack of natural ventilation, and high temperatures. This results in low interest in investing in such facilities. Within this paper, some ways to repurpose underground mines have been presented, and possible challenges that need to be faced have been described. An extensive database of threats to post-mining repurposing and ways to mitigate them has been prepared based on surveys and interviews conducted with representatives of currently existing Uls and mining companies and a literature review. Finally, this manuscript provides a general look at post-mining infrastructure in Europe’s current situation and in the future.
Bringing Project-Based Learning into Renewable and Sustainable Energy Education: A Case Study on the Development of the Electric Vehicle EOLO
Authors: Ariza Jonathan Álvarez , Olatunde-Aiyedun Tope Gloria
Published: June 2023

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in education for sustainable development (ESD). Although several national and international agencies, e.g., the UN or UNESCO, have promoted its deployment in higher education institutions, educators are still facing problems with how to articulate this type of education within the curriculum, allowing students to develop their technical and labor competencies, and soft skills as well. In this way, this study describes a methodology with Project-Based Learning in renewable and sustainable energies through the development of an electrical vehicle (EV) known as EOLO. This initiative arose from an industry-academia collaboration to develop the first Colombian EV with the support of solar and wind energy sources. Twelve engineering students participated in the development of the vehicle through a set of capstone projects over a year and a half with the support of two tutors (professors) and two engineers (technical staff) of the project. Additionally, two versions of EOLO with vertical and horizontal axis wind turbines were made with the cooperation of the students. The results evidence that the methodology helped to engage students, promoted meaningfully and situated learning through real-world problems in renewable energies, and fostered motivation and peer collaboration. Nonetheless, aspects such as the improvement of the communications channels, the revision of the complexity of the projects, the sense of community to achieve a common goal, or the tutoring and monitoring processes should be strengthened for further initiatives and/or active learning methodologies. In this sense, some challenges and recommendations that can help to develop methodologies that combine ESD and engineering are provided based on the experience in this study.
Self-Management Predicts Lower Post-Traumatic Symptoms and Greater Post-Traumatic Growth among Older Adults in Residential Care Homes in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ziv Ido , Caspi Dafna , Cojocaru Daniela
Published: June 2023

The restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic left many older adults isolated and confined. Under active aging theory, self-management is crucial for well-being among older adults coping with aging. The current between–within subject quasi-experimental study examines how (a) initial self-management and (b) changes in self-management due to independent physical training affect psychological outcomes in a sample of care home residents following the outbreak of the pandemic. A total of 64 older adults (53 females, 11 males), with mean age of 82.23, reported on their self-management abilities and then embarked on six months of training in chair exercises (one session per week). The training exercises were halted after 22 sessions due to the pandemic, but some residents continued to practice independently. Eight weeks after the outbreak of the pandemic, residents who had continued to practice at least once per week (n = 35) and those who had not continued to practice (n = 29) were questioned again about their self-management and about five psychological outcomes: anxiety, traumatic stress, satisfaction, general mood, and post-traumatic growth (PTG). Self-management improved among older adults who independently practiced the exercises, and it declined among those who did not. Pre-pandemic self-management significantly predicted post-outbreak traumatic stress symptoms, anxiety, general mood, and satisfaction with life, but not PTG. However, the difference in self-management between the pre-pandemic and post-outbreak measures was associated with PTG, and made a unique contribution to prediction of the other effects. Self-management abilities among older adults can be seen as a protective factor against adverse psychological outcomes in times of trauma. Further, the improvement in self-management among older adults who independently practiced physical exercises made a unique contribution beyond initial self-management abilities.
A Review of Advanced Cooling Strategies for Battery Thermal Management Systems in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Garud Kunal Sandip , Tai Le Duc , Hwang Seong-Guk , Nguyen Nghia-Huu , Lee Moo-Yeon
Published: June 2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) offer a potential solution to face the global energy crisis and climate change issues in the transportation sector. Currently, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have gained popularity as a source of energy in EVs, owing to several benefits including higher power density. To compete with internal combustion (IC) engine vehicles, the capacity of Li-ion batteries is continuously increasing to improve the efficiency and reliability of EVs. The performance characteristics and safe operations of Li-ion batteries depend on their operating temperature which demands the effective thermal management of Li-ion batteries. The commercially employed cooling strategies have several obstructions to enable the desired thermal management of high-power density batteries with allowable maximum temperature and symmetrical temperature distribution. The efforts are striving in the direction of searching for advanced cooling strategies which could eliminate the limitations of current cooling strategies and be employed in next-generation battery thermal management systems. The present review summarizes numerous research studies that explore advanced cooling strategies for battery thermal management in EVs. Research studies on phase change material cooling and direct liquid cooling for battery thermal management are comprehensively reviewed over the time period of 2018–2023. This review discusses the various experimental and numerical works executed to date on battery thermal management based on the aforementioned cooling strategies. Considering the practical feasibility and drawbacks of phase change material cooling, the focus of the present review is tilted toward the explanation of current research works on direct liquid cooling as an emerging battery thermal management technique. Direct liquid cooling has the potential to achieve the desired battery performance under normal as well as extreme operating conditions. However, extensive research still needs to be executed to commercialize direct liquid cooling as an advanced battery thermal management technique in EVs. The present review would be referred to as one that gives concrete direction in the search for a suitable advanced cooling strategy for battery thermal management in the next generation of EVs.
Planning on the Verge of AI, or AI on the Verge of Planning
Authors: Sanchez Thomas W.
Published: June 2023

The urban planning process is complex, involving social, economic, environmental, and political systems. Knowledge of how these systems interact is the domain of professional planners. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) present planners with a ripe opportunity to critically assess their approaches and explore how new data collection, analysis, and methods can augment the understanding of places as they seek to anticipate futures with improved quality of life. AI can offer access to more and better information about travel patterns, energy consumption, land utilization, and environmental impacts, while also helping to better integrate these systems, which is what planners do. The adoption process will likely be gradual and involve significant time and resources. This article highlights several topics and issues that should be considered during this process. It is argued that planners will be well-served by approaching AI tools in a strategic manner that involves the topics discussed here.
Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs as Potential Antivirals: A Repurposing Approach against Flavivirus Infections
Authors: Osuna-Ramos Juan Fidel , Farfan-Morales Carlos Noe , Cordero-Rivera Carlos Daniel , De Jesús-González Luis Adrián , Reyes-Ruiz José Manuel , Hurtado-Monzón Arianna M. , Palacios-Rápalo Selvin Noé , Jiménez-Camacho Ricardo , Meraz-Ríos Marco Antonio , Del Ángel Rosa María
Published: June 2023

Flaviviruses, including Dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and Yellow Fever (YFV) viruses, represent a significant global health burden. The development of effective antiviral therapies against these viruses is crucial to mitigate their impact. This study investigated the antiviral potential of the cholesterol-lowering drugs atorvastatin and ezetimibe in monotherapy and combination against DENV, ZIKV, and YFV. In vitro results demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in the percentage of infected cells for both drugs. The combination of atorvastatin and ezetimibe showed a synergistic effect against DENV 2, an additive effect against DENV 4 and ZIKV, and an antagonistic effect against YFV. In AG129 mice infected with DENV 2, monotherapy with atorvastatin or ezetimibe significantly reduced clinical signs and increased survival. However, the combination of both drugs did not significantly affect survival. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of atorvastatin and ezetimibe as antiviral agents against flaviviruses and highlights the need for further investigations into their combined therapeutic effects.
Kinetics of Abnormal Prion Protein in Blood of Transgenic Mice Experimentally Infected by Multiple Routes with the Agent of Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease
Authors: Yakovleva Oksana , Pilant Teresa , Asher David M. , Gregori Luisa
Published: June 2023

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) or prion diseases are characterized by the accumulation in affected tissues of the abnormal prion protein PrPTSE. We previously demonstrated PrPTSE in the blood of macaques experimentally infected with variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD), a human TSE, months to years prior to clinical onset. That work supported the prospect of using PrPTSE as a blood biomarker to detect vCJD and possibly other human TSEs before the onset of overt illness. However, our results also raised questions about the origin of PrPTSE detected in blood early after inoculation and the effects of dose and route on the timing of the appearance of PrPTSE. To investigate these questions, we inoculated vCJD-susceptible transgenic mice and non-infectable prion protein-knockout mice under inoculation conditions resembling those used in macaques, with additional controls. We assayed PrPTSE in mouse blood using the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) method. PrPTSE from the inoculum cleared from the blood of all mice before 2 months post-inoculation (mpi). Mouse PrPTSE generated de novo appeared in blood after 2 mpi. These results were consistent regardless of dose or inoculation route. We also demonstrated that a commercial ELISA-like PrPTSE test detected and quantified PMCA products and provided a useful alternative to Western blots.
Mammalian Cell-Line-Expressed CD2v Protein of African Swine Fever Virus Provides Partial Protection against the HLJ/18 Strain in the Early Infection Stage
Authors: Hua Rong-Hong , Liu Jing , Zhang Shu-Jian , Liu Ren-Qiang , Zhang Xian-Feng , He Xi-Jun , Zhao Dong-Ming , Bu Zhi-Gao
Published: June 2023

A cell line expressing the CD2v protein of ASFV was generated. The efficient expression of CD2v protein was determined by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The CD2v protein was Ni-affinity purified from the supernatant of cell cultures. The CD2v-expressing cells showed properties of hemadsorption, and the secreted CD2v protein exhibited hemagglutinating activity. The antigenicity and immunoprotection ability of CD2v were evaluated by immunizing pigs alone, combined with a cell-line-expressed p30 protein or triple combined with p30 and K205R protein. Immunized pigs were challenged with the highly virulent ASFV strain HLJ/18. Virus challenge results showed that CD2v immunization alone could provide partial protection at the early infection stage. Protein p30 did not show synergistic protection effects in immunization combined with CD2v. Interestingly, immunization with the triple combination of CD2V, p30 and K205R reversed the protection effect. The viremia onset time was delayed, and one pig out of three recovered after the challenge. The pig recovered from ASFV clinical symptoms, the rectal temperature returned to normal levels and the viremia was cleared. The mechanism of this protection effect warrants further investigation.
Activity of Ammonium-Oxidizing Bacteria—An Essential Parameter for Model-Based N2O Mitigation Control Strategies for Biofilms
Authors: Freyschmidt Arne , Beier Maike
Published: June 2023

The reduction in N2O emissions is an important task in the control of wastewater treatment plants. Since local operating conditions, especially inside biofilms, are usually not known, models are an important tool in the development and implementation of control strategies. For a pilot-scale nitrifying biofilm reactor and an SBR, different operational strategies to reduce autotrophic nitrous oxide (N2O) formation were developed and tested by applying a combination of modeling and measurement. Both approaches highlighted the relevance of addressing the actual AOB activity as a sensitive control variable. The investigated strategies, therefore, focused on decreasing the AOB-related NH4 conversion rate, as autotrophic N2O formation is directly linked to AOB activity. The results showed that the biofilm system was more advantageous compared with suspended sludge systems. A higher AOB content resulted in a decrease in AOB activity, leading to fewer N2O emissions at the same reactor performance. The highest reduction in autotrophic N2O formation (SBR: 25%; Biofilm: 27%) was obtained by maximizing the aerated time per day and minimizing the number of aeration cycles (the suppression of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria still needed to be ensured). A higher biofilm thickness or a higher sludge mass in the SBR, however, did not have a noteworthy positive effect since no additional biomass could be kept in the system in the long term due to limited substrate availability. Besides nitritation, denitrification was also identified as a relevant source of N2O in both systems (biofilm: main source) due to the inhibition of N2O reduction by nitrous acid (elevated nitrite concentrations in combination with pH values < 7).
Investigation of Rain-Fed Horticulture Productivity in the Namangan Region, Uzbekistan
Authors: Chathuranika Imiya M. , Koriyev Mirzohid R. , Wimalasiri Eranga M. , Asamovich Kamolov B. , Muttil Nitin , Rathnayake Upaka
Published: June 2023

With the limited availability of water, rain-fed horticulture is important anywhere in the world, especially in countries with arid climates. Therefore, experimental analysis is necessary to see the impact of rain-fed horticulture. Thus, it can be popularized among agricultural people if the strategies achieve better outcomes. This study aims to create a garden without irrigation in the lower regions of the Namangan hills in Uzbekistan using agrotechnical measures based on collecting natural moisture and its long-term storage due to the natural growth of some wild fruits. Soil moisture is the most important factor for plant development in arid and warm regions. The experiments were analyzed from 2013 to 2019 and promising results were found. The plant growth rate after a few years was comparable with that of irrigated agricultural lands. In addition, the yield in non-irrigated gardens was comparable with that of irrigated farms. However, a slight reduction in fruit sizes was observed (10–20%). Furthermore, the terracing and plastic and organic mulching method’s efficiency is higher than terracing and organic mulching due to maintaining long-term soil moisture that can be absorbed by the plants (For May 2019, 12.7%, 7.7%, and 6.1% soil moisture levels were found in plastic and organic mulching, organic mulching, and unmulched areas). Overcoming the challenges in rain-fed horticulture experiments requires a holistic approach that integrates scientific knowledge, technological advancements, and sustainable farming practices. Collaboration between researchers, farmers, and policymakers is crucial to develop and disseminate effective strategies that address these challenges and promote resilient rain-fed horticulture systems. Therefore, this study shows the practical possibility of rain-fed horticulture in the northeastern hills in the Namangan region of Uzbekistan. Furthermore, this study provides possible agrotechnologies to practice horticulture without irrigation, which is beneficial for planners, engineers, farm managers, and agribusiness controllers.
Evaluación de Bacillus amyloliquefaciens en el control de Botrytis cinerea en Rosa sp.
Authors: Campués Cholca Sandra Verónica , Vásquez Hernández Lucia del Rocío , Basantes Vizcaíno Telmo Fernando , Pabón Garcés Galo Jacinto
Published: June 2023

Las exportaciones de flores en el primer bimestre de 2022, alcanzaron USD 197 millones, esta cifra representa un incremento del 7 % en relación al mismo periodo en 2021; y, para mantener este ritmo de crecimiento es importante realizar un eficiente control de patógenos. Una plaga que amenaza el mantener una alta productividad, es Botrytis cinérea, esta causa una gran pérdida en cultivos de rosa. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar Bacillus amyloliquefaciens en el control de Botrytis cinerea en Rosa sp. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con 4 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones, se evaluó la frecuencia de aplicación de Bacillus amyloliquefaciens versus el manejo químico. El tratamiento A2 (aplicación de Bacillus amyloliquefaciens con frecuencia de aplicación cada 4 días) mostró diferencias significativas con relación al tratamiento A1 (control químico), el cual se mantuvo con un porcentaje de incidencia y severidad entre el 0 % y 2 %, mientras que el tratamiento A1 estuvo entre el 10 % y 14 %.  En la variable vida en florero el tratamiento A2 obtuvo el 83 % de rosas buenas y del tratamiento A1 llego al 63 %; lo antes mencionado evidencia la efectividad del uso de productos biológicos.
Kontribusi Tokoh Agama Kristen Dalam Menanamkan Nilai Moderasi Beragama Berdasarkan Roma 14:19
Authors: Pute Jimmi Pindan , Parai’ Nelsi
Published: June 2023

This research aims to open the mindset of Christian religious leaders to being directly involved in directing, guiding, and helping people live with mutual respect and love for other religious people. Almost every issue that occurs in society or in cyberspace is always related to religion. Therefore, the author is interested in examining the contribution of religious leaders to religious moderation with a qualitative method, which is studied from relevant sources such as books, articles, and reliable internet sources. The researcher uses a descriptive analysis method to describe the reality that actually occurs in society, especially in the country of Indonesia itself, in connection with religious moderation. The results of this study state that Christian religious leaders are one of the religious elites who are believed to be able to bring Christians to live in harmony and with high tolerance towards other religious communities.
Nueva planta hospedante para Agonosoma trilineatum (Fabricius, 1781) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae): Croton conduplicatus Kunth, 1817 (Euphorbiales: Euphorbiaceae), y confirmación de coloración dimórfica en los machos
Authors: Gámez Jorge , Acconcia Raffaele
Published: June 2023

Se reporta por primera vez a Agonosoma trilineatum (Fabricius) alimentándose de Croton conduplicatus Kunth (Euphorbiaceae), además, se confirma la condición dimórfica en los machos en cuanto al patrón de color exhibido en un sistema sucesional de bosque estacionalmente seco en Mérida, Venezuela.
Determinación del estatus de cópula en Lobesia botrana (Denis y Shiffermüller, 1776) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) usando la técnica de la hembra centinela
Authors: Arraztio Diego , Curkovic Tomislav
Published: June 2023

Resumen. En Chile, Lobesia botrana es una plaga sometida a una campaña de erradicación/contención. Su manejo emplea la confusión sexual (CS) como una herramienta de control fundamental, la cual es habitualmente evaluada indirectamente por la supresión de capturas de machos en trampas y/o por la evaluación de la disminución del daño en fruta, en campos tratados. Sin embargo, el objetivo de la CS es la disrupción (evitación) de la cópula. El presente estudio proporciona bases para el uso de la técnica de la “hembra centinela” como método alternativo y directo para la evaluación de la eficacia de la CS midiendo el porcentaje de cópulas en hembras. En estudios conducidos en laboratorio se evaluó en hembras adultas la edad a la copula post emergencia desde la pupa y las dimensiones de la bursa copulatrix en hembras vírgenes y copuladas. Adicionalmente, se evaluaron dos métodos de confinamiento de hembras vírgenes (con un ala amarrada a una plataforma versus jaulas de acceso restringido), midiendo los respectivos % de cópula al exponerlas a machos vírgenes, lo que se contrastó con las hembras vírgenes no confinadas. Se determinó que las hembras copulan antes de las 48 horas desde el emparejamiento con un macho. La bursa copulatrix de una hembra virgen mide 0,9 ± 0,03 mm de largo x 0,2 ± 0,01 mm de ancho, mientras que en una hembra copulada mide 1,1 ± 0,5 x 0,5 ± 0,3 mm, lo que constituye un criterio objetivo para determinar el estatus de cópula de una hembra. Las hembras vírgenes fueron capaces de copular en todos los tratamientos; 100% de las hembras no confinadas copularon, 92% copularon con un ala amarrada y 64% en jaulas. Se concluye que el método de confinamiento en jaulas funciona para evaluar de forma directa la eficacia de la CS.
Some relationships in the formation of arterial hypertension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonarydiseases and influence of calcium antogonists at this process
Authors: Pogorelov V.M. , Telegina N.D. , Brek V.V. , Maslova E.P. , Chernonos K.O.
Published: June 2023

Intracardiac and central hemodynamics, interleukins, nitric oxide levels and nitric oxide synthase, endothelin-1 were studied. We observed 63 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with hypertension who received combination therapy with pentoxifylline, of whom 32 patients (main group) included felodipine in addition to this therapy. After treatment, there was a decrease of pressure in pulmonary artery and main vessels, which was accompanied by improvement of clinical manifestations of the disease, hemodynamics, increased activity of nitric oxide synthase and reduction of endothelin-1, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor. Positive clinical laboratory dynamics were more pronounced in the main observation group than in the comparison one.

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arterial hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, pentoxifylline and felodipine.