bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure-Activity Relationship Study of an Alkynylphosphonate and Vynilphosphonate Analogues of Calcitriol
Authors: Grioli Silvina M. , Alonso Eliana N. , Mascaró Evangelina , Stabile Santiago A. , Ferronato María J. , Quevedo Mario A. , Radivoy Gabriel , Facchinetti María M. , Vitale Cristian A. , Curino Alejandro C.
Published: August 2020

Background:

1α,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (calcitriol) shows potent growth-inhibitory properties on different cancer cell lines, but its hypercalcemic effects have severely hampered its therapeutic application. Therefore, it is important to develop synthetic calcitriol analogues that retain or even increase its antitumoral effects and lack hypercalcemic activity. Based on previous evidence of the potent antitumor effects of the synthetic alkynylphosphonate EM1 analogue, we have now synthesized a derivative called SG.

Objective:

The aim of the present work is to evaluate the calcemic activity and the antitumor effect of SG, comparing these effects with those exerted by calcitriol and with those previously published for EM1. In addition, we propose to analyze by in silico studies, the chemical structure-biological function relationship of these molecules.

Methods:

We performed the synthesis of vinylphosphonate SG analogue; in vitro assays on different cancer cell lines; in vivo assays on mice; and in silico assays applying computational molecular modeling.

Results:

The SG compound lacks hypercalcemic activity, similar to the parent compound EM1. However, the antitumor activity was blunted, as no antiproliferative or anti-migratory effects were observed. By in silico assays, we demonstrated that SG analogue has a lower affinity for the VDRligand- binding domain than the EM1 compound due to lack of interaction with the important residues His305 and His397.

Conclusion:

These results demonstrate that the chemical modification in the lateral side chain of the SG analogue affects the antitumoral activity observed previously for EM1 but does not affect the calcemic activity. These results contribute to the rational design and synthesis of novel calcitriol analogues.
Pharmacokinetic Approach of Clinically Important Drug Interactions of Hormonal Contraceptives – A Review
Authors: Maideen Naina M.P. , Balasubramanian Rajkapoor , Ramanathan Sambathkumar
Published: August 2020

Hormonal contraceptives contain an Estrogen and/or a Progestin, which are the substrates of
the CYP3A4 enzyme and the drugs inducing the CYP3A4 enzyme can decrease the plasma concentrations
and thereby therapeutic efficacy of Hormonal contraceptives resulting in unintended pregnancy.
Moreover, the hormonal contraceptives associated risk of thrombotic events are further exacerbated by
the simultaneous administration of drugs like Tranexamic acid and tobacco smoke. Therefore, while
prescribing hormonal contraception and other drugs to women, drug interactions should always be
considered because there could be a possible contraceptive failure or other adverse drug effects. This
article provides a summary of guidance to healthcare professionals such as prescribers and pharmacists
on pharmacokinetic based interactions between hormonal contraception and other drugs.
Ononis natrix L. Lowers the Blood Glucose Concentration in Wistar Rats with Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Al-Mubideen Baker F. , Al-Serhan Ala-Aldeen Ahmad , Amarin Justin Z. , Al-Dweikat Arwa , Al-Muhaisen Ra'ad Z. , Shreikh Yusra Abu , Suradi Haya H. , Al-Ameer Hamzeh J. , Zihlif Malek A.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Practitioners of traditional medicine use the decoction of Ononis natrix L.
to treat hyperglycemia. The literature offers no evidence to support the use.

Objective:

To investigate the effect of the decoction of Ononis natrix L. on the blood glucose concentration in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.

Methods:

We obtained 35 Wistar rats from the animal colony of The University of Jordan School
of Medicine. We induced diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg
body weight) and 23 rats (66%) survived to allocation. We randomly assigned the rats to one of
four groups: negative control (1% Tween 80 in distilled water), positive control (100 mg/kg metformin),
high-dose treatment (7.5 mL of the decoction), and low-dose treatment (3.5 mL of the decoction).
We administered the doses twice daily by oral gavage for two weeks and measured the tailblood
glucose concentration twice daily, once before the first dose and another time after the second
dose. We used linear mixed-effects regression to model the change in blood glucose concentration
as a function of the experimentation groups, with adjustments for pseudoreplication and temporal
variation.

Results:

The estimated mean change was 1 mmol/L (−30 to 31 mmol/L) for the negative control group, −26 mmol/L (−56 to 5 mmol/L) for the positive control group, −75 mmol/L (−108 to −42) for the low-dose treatment group, and −82 mmol/L (−111 to −53 mmol/L) for the high-dose treatment group.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, we demonstrate, for the first time, the hypoglycemic effect of Ononis natrix L. in an animal model of diabetes.
Organizational Commitment, Job Redesign, Employee Empowerment and Intent to Quit Among Survivors of Restructuring and Downsizing
Authors: Ugboro Isaiah O.
Published: August 2020

This study is designed to determine the relationship between job redesign, employee empowerment and intent to quit measured by affective organizational commitment among survivors of organizational restructuring and downsizing. It focused on middle level managers and employees in supervisory positions because survivors of this group are often called upon to assume expanded roles, functions and responsibilities in a post restructuring and downsizing environment. The results show statistically significant positive relationships between job redesign, empowerment and affective commitment. It therefore, provides empirical data to support theoretical models for managing and mitigating survivors’ intent to quit and subsequent voluntary turnover among survivors of organizational restructuring and downsizing. The implications of these findings, which suggest expanded roles for job redesign and employee empowerment, are discussed.
The Challenge of Varying Perceptions of Sexual Harassment: An International Study
Authors: Fiedler Anne M. , Blanco R. Ivan
Published: August 2020

Globalization has put increasing pressure on organizations to better prepare employees facing cross cultural problems regarding HR issues. This study examines the subject of varied interpretations of sexual harassment in the global arena. A model is suggested based on legal and cultural differences, and data is presented regarding the perceptions of various types of sexual harassment of residents of three countries. Differences in the perceptions based on gender are also examined. Significant differences in perceptions of sexual harassment were found according to country of residence, types of harassment, and gender scripts.
Association Between Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scores and Online Activity Among US Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Singh Parvati , Cumberland William G , Ugarte Dominic , Bruckner Tim-Allen , Young Sean D
Published: August 2020

Background

Evidence from past pandemics suggests that fear, uncertainty, and loss of control during large-scale public health crises may lead to increased pandemic-related information seeking, particularly among persons predisposed to high anxiety. In such groups, a greater consumption of information pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic may increase anxiety.

Objective

In this study, we examine the association between online activity and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) scores in the United States.

Methods

We recruited participants for an online survey through advertisements on various platforms such as Google, Facebook, and Reddit. A total of 406 adult US participants with moderate to severe (≥10) GAD-7 scores met the inclusion criteria and completed the survey. Anxiety levels measured using the GAD-7 scale formed our primary outcome. Our key independent variables were average daily time spent online and average daily time spent online searching about COVID-19 within the past 14 days. We used as controls potential confounders of the relation between our key independent variables and GAD-7 scores, namely, sleep quality, the COVID-19 Fear Inventory scale, binge drinking, substance use, prescription drug abuse, and sociodemographic attributes.

Results

Linear multivariate regression analyses showed that GAD-7 scores were higher among those who spent >4 hours online (per day) searching for information about COVID-19 (coefficient 1.29, P=.002), controlling for all other covariates. The total time spent online was not statistically associated with GAD-7 scores.

Conclusions

Results from this study indicate that limiting pandemic-related online information seeking may aid anxiety management in our study population.
Bahamas National Implementation Project: Proposal for Sustainability of an Evidence-based HIV Prevention Intervention in a School Setting (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Bo , Deveaux Lynette , Lunn Sonja , Dinaj-Koci Veronica , Ghosh Samiran , Li Xiaoming , Marshall Sharon , Rolle Glenda , Forbes Nikkiah , Stanton Bonita
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Sustained implementation of school-based prevention programs is low. Effective strategies are needed to enhance both high-level implementation fidelity and sustainability of prevention programs.

OBJECTIVE

This proposed study aims to determine if the provision of either biweekly monitoring and feedback and site-based assistance and mentorship or both to at-risk and moderate-performing teachers with monitoring through an enhanced decision-making platform by the Ministry of Education (MOE) and Ministry of Health (MOH) based on the real-time implementation data will increase national implementation fidelity and result in sustained implementation over time.

METHODS

This study will target government schools including 200 grade 6 teachers in 80 primary schools and 100 junior/middle high school teachers (and their classes) on 12 Bahamian islands. Teacher and school coordinator training will be conducted by the MOE in year 1, followed by an optimization trial among teachers in the capital island. Informed by these results, an implementation intervention will be conducted to train using different levels of educational intensity all at-risk and moderate-performing teachers. Subsequently selected training and implementation strategies will be evaluated for the national implementation of Focus on Youth in the Caribbean and Caribbean Informed Parents and Children Together in years 2 to 5.

RESULTS

It is hypothesized that a more intensive training and supervision program for at-risk and moderate-performing teachers will enhance their implementation fidelity to the average level of the high-performing group (85%), an HIV prevention program delivered at the national level can be implemented with fidelity in grade 6 and sustained over time (monitored annually), and student outcomes will continue to be highly correlated with implementation fidelity and be sustained over time (assessed annually through grade 9). The proposed study is funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development from August 1, 2018, through May 31, 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

The study will explore several theory-driven implementation strategies to increase sustained teacher implementation fidelity and thereby increase the general public health impact of evidence-based interventions. The proposed project has potential to make significant contributions to advancing school-based HIV prevention research and implementation science and serve as a global model for the Fast Track strategy.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/14816
Perubahan Stress Statis Gempa Utama dan Asosiasi Distribusi Gempa Susulan: Studi Kasus Gempa Palu Mw 7,5 28 September 2018
Authors: Anggraini Ade , Mardhatillah Elvira
Published: August 2020

Stress coulomb merupakan deskripsi kuantitatif perubahan stress statis oleh gempa utama yang dirasakan oleh patah lain di sekitarnya. Dalam penelitian ini, perubahan stress statis yang disebabkan oleh gempa Palu Mw7,5 2008 dan pengaruhnya terhadap patahan lain yang mempunyai orientasi bidang patah sejajar dengan gempa utama akan diselidiki. Metode perhitungan yang dipakai adalah perhitungan stress statis yang dirasakan oleh patahan dengan orientasi tertentu, dimana perhitungan ini tidak dipengaruhi oleh besar dan arah sumbu stress regional namun tergantung pada lokasi patahan, mekanisme bidang patah, dan besarnya slip oleh gempa utama. Dari metode ini akan diperoleh sebaran nilai stress coulomb yang selanjutnya akan dipakai untuk meninjau korelasi peningkatan maupun penurunan stress dengan lokasi gempa susulan. Perhitungan stress coulomb dilakukan pada kedalaman yang berbeda lalu dibandingkan dengan distribusi gempa susulan. Hasil perhitungan stress coulomb menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar gempa susulan terletak pada area di mana terjadi peningkatan stress. Hal ini mengindikasikan; gempa susulan tersebut terletak  pada bidang patah gempa utama dan merupakan bagian dari fase ko-seismik, memiliki orientasi, dan mekanisme gerakan seperti bidang patah gempa utama.
Records Management Practices in Research Institutes in South-West, Nigeria
Authors: O. T. Ayanda, , E. A. Oloniruha, , A. A. (Miss) Ogungbade,
Published: August 2020

This study investigated records management practices in some selected research institutes in Nigeria within the framework of records life-cycle concepts. The primary aim is to explore how research records are managed and find out whether records management as a valuable resource of research institutes receives the desired attention as regards quality practice, level of implementation among others. Using survey research and stratified random sampling techniques, records management practice questionnaire was designed and used to collect data from two hundred and twenty-three respondents that were randomly selected from six out of the fourteen research institute in South-West, Nigeria. The result showed that, research institutes created and managed all types of records predominantly in paper form (68.4%), while the decentralized system of filing was generally practiced in all the research institutes (98%). Although various filing methods, Simple lists were found to be the main tool used for both records control and retrieval. A high level of records insecurity was found (68%), while records generated were managed manually through filing of hard copies in folders and kept in wooden cabinets, metal cabinet and filing shelves. The management of research records were at great variance with the stipulations of the records life-cycle concept and that research records is yet to attain minimal level or records management implementation. This study recommends that records management practice should be adequately funded; recruiting qualified records managers, and embracing the wide range of opportunities offered by ICT for the management of research records.
Amoxicillin Induced Steven Johnson’s Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Mahendra Kumar R , Nyamagoud Sanatkumar , Deshpande Krishna , Kotian Ankitha
Published: August 2020

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a very rare, potentially fatal skin reaction that is typically the result of reaction to the drug. In particular, SJS is characterized by extensive skin and mucous membrane lesions (i.e. mouth, nose, esophagus, anus, and genitalia), epidermis detachment, and acute skin blisters. In 95 % of case reports, drugs were found to be an important cause for the development of SJS. This story is a case of A 42 year old male hospitalized with rashes all over the body and fever, after oral consumption of Amoxicillin drug for sore throat. This case study discusses the possibility that serious hypersensitivity reactions with Amoxicillin can rarely occur and can be extremely harmful and life-threatening Menacing.

Keywords: Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, Stevens Johnson Syndrome, Adverse drug reaction, Nikolsky’s sign
Drug use pattern using WHO prescribing indicators at Sheikh Sultan Hassan Yabere Referral Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia: A cross sectional study
Authors: Warsame Muktar Shekabdulahi
Published: August 2020

Introduction: In order to enhance rational drug use, it is very important to assess the prescribing pattern of the facilities using standard prescribing checklists. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess drug use pattern using WHO prescribing indicators at Sheikh Hassan Sultan Yabere Referral Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia.

Objective: the objective of this study is to assess drug use pattern using WHO prescribing indicators at Sheikh Hassan Sultan Yabere Referral Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia 2019

Method: Retrospective study design was  employed to assess the current drug prescribing pattern of Sheikh Hassan Sultan Yabere Referral Hospital.Six Month  prescription  papers from December 1, 2018 to May 31, 2019 were surveyed. A total of 600 prescriptions that were selected using systematic random sampling were reviewed. Data was collected from prescriptions at outpatient pharmacy. The data was entered to excel and analyzed and presented with tables and charts.

Results: The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter or mean was 1.98 with a range between one and six drugs. The percentage of encounters in which an antibiotic or injection prescribed were 60 % (n=600) and 2.5 % (n=600) respectively. The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name and from an essential drug list were 89.5 % (n=600) and 98.99% (n=600). The commonly prescribed forms of antibiotics were Amoxicillin (19.15%), Amoxicillin/Clavulunate (17.41) and Azithromycin (16.83%).The most commonly prescribed injection was Ceftriaxone (52.14%).

Conclusion: This study revealed major deviation from standard WHO recommended rational prescribing practice with regard to antibiotic use. The study also showed deviation from WHO standard with regard to use of generic name and prescribing from national formulary/Essential drug list.

Keywords: Rational drug use, prescribing pattern, WHO prescribing indicators Jigjiga, Somali Region.
Synthesis And Anagesic activities of Quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 2-Methyl-4(3H)-Quinazolinone and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one
Authors: Osarumwense P.O. , Edema M.O. , Usifoh C.O.
Published: August 2020

Background: Objective: The current study is aimed at the synthesis of these quinazolinone derivatives quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 2-Methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one and evaluate them for their analgesic activity. Method: The condensation of 2-amino-methyl-4-methoxybenzoate with acetic anhydride yielded the cyclic compound 2-methyl-4, 5-disubstituted-1, 3-benzo-oxazine-4-one which further produce a novel 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4 ones via the reaction with hydrazine hydrate The quinazolinone derivatives quinazolin-4(3H)-One,  2-Methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone  and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one were evaluated pharmacologically for their in vivo analgesic activities by acetic acid induced writhing in mice. The compounds synthesized were unequivocally confirmed by means of Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H and 13C), Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer and Elemental analysis.The synthesized compounds were screened for their analgesic activity.Compounds 1,2 and 3 showed significant analgesic activity. Discussion: Compound 1 was characterized by the absence of methyl group and the presence of methyl group for compound 2. The test investigated compounds exhibited significant analgesic activity when compared with the control test sample. The compounds  synthesized  exhibited promising analgesic  activities against .  Conclusion: The compounds have high analgesic activity. Compound 3 has a higher activity  compared to Compound 2 and compound 2 has a higher analgesic activity compared to compound  1.  Compound 3 has a higher analgesic activity compared to the standard drugs Aspirin and Indomethacin.

Keywords:  quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 2-Methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one quinazolin-4(3H)-one, analgesic activity.
Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Components Derived from Whole Plant of Selaginella bryopteris
Authors: Jain Abhilasha , Shrivastava Savita
Published: August 2020

Natural products and herbal remedies used in traditional folklore medicine have been the source of many medically beneficial drugs because they elicit fewer side effects, relatively cheap, affordable and claimed to be effective. However, in order to make these remedies acceptable to modern medicine, there is a need to scientifically evaluate them to identify the active principles and to understand their mechanism of action. Selaginella bryopteris (S. bryopteris) is a pteridophytic plant belongs to the family selaginellaceae. Its familiar name is sanjeevani booti. The aim of the present investigation was isolation and characterization of active components derived from whole plant of S. bryopteris. The plant was extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol solvent. The preliminary phytochemical results revealed that alkaloids, carbohydrates, reducing sugar, flavonoids, protein, amino acid, tannin and phenolic compound as active constituents in methanolic extract of S. bryopteris. The total phenolics content of whole plant of methanolic extract was (184.13±0.416 mg/gm), followed by flavonoids (89.67±2.516mg/gm). The quantification and the identification of compounds in the crude extract and active bands isolated by preparative TLC were accomplished using spectroscopic analysis. The most important compounds amentoflavone identified in the crude extract appreciable amounts may account for its various biological activities.

Keywords: Selaginella bryopteris, Isolation, Plant extraction, Phytochemical
Formulation development and evaluation of gastroretentive mucoadhesive tablets of glimepiride using natural polymers
Authors: Malasiya Rahul , Shukla Tarkeshwar P.
Published: August 2020

Glimepiride, a third-generation sulfonylurea is poorly soluble anti-diabetic drug. Currently, the use of natural gums and mucilage is of increasing importance in pharmaceutical formulations as valuable drug excipients. Natural plant-based materials are economic, free of side effects, biocompatible and biodegradable. The development of mucoadhesive sustained release drug delivery system is recommended in order to enhance the bioavailability. A mucoadhesive tablets were developed using the natural polymer sodium alginate and gum tragacanth. Mucoadhesion is a complex phenomenon which involves wetting, adsorption and interpenetration of polymer chains. The tablets of glimepiride were prepared by direct compression method. Pre-compression parameters were evaluated. The tablets were evaluated for post-compression parameters such as thickness, hardness, average weight, friability and In vitro release studies. All the compositions were resulted in adequate pharmacopoeial limits. The varying concentration of polymers was found to affect on in-vitro drug release and mucoadhesive strength. In vitro drug release of gastro retentive tablet of glimepiride shown that the formulation F5 was found to be the best formulation as it releases 98.78%.  Glimepiride in a sustain release manner for an extended period of time (up to 12 hrs). The release data was fitted to various mathematical models such as higuchi, korsmeyer-peppas, first order and zero order to evaluate the kinetics and mechanism of the drug release. Prepared tablets of glimepiride may prove to be a potential candidate for safe and effective controlled drug delivery over an extended period of time for gastro retentive drug delivery system.

Keywords: Glimepiride, Gastro retentive, Anti-diabetic drug, Direct compression method
Toxicity of mercury on the brain: ability of extract of Pistacia atlantica regulated effect
Authors: Fatiha Benahmed , Belhouari Hayet Fatima Zohra , Bounoura Radjaa , Mehrab Elazhari , Kharoubi Omar
Published: August 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of 150 mg / kg extract of the plant Pistacia atlantica against mercury-induced oxidative stress

Methods: Hg was administered intraperitoneally (2,5 mg/kg body weight, one time a week), and P. atlantica and were given orally by gavage at a daily dose (150 mg/kg body weight) to rats for 32 days. 24 male adult Albinos Wistar rats were divided into four groups: group 1 Control, group 2 (HgCl2) group 3 (Hg + P. atlantica) and group 4 (P. atlantica). Paramatrical tests of oxidative stress and histological sections of the cerebral parenchyma. Results: Our results showed that the intraperitoneal injection of mercury chloride HgCl2 causes deleterious effects in the brain resulting in: a failure of redox status by disrupting the antioxidant defense system by a significant decrease in the activity of catalase glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase and superoxide dismutase acetylcholinesterase and increase of the activity of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. The levels of lipid peroxidation markers were high in TBARS intoxicated rats with protein oxidation increased in the brain intoxicated by. The continuous use of mercury is also at the origin, in brain tissue However, supplementation of P. atlantica extract with mercury-treated rats attenuated some of the harmful and toxic effects of this metal. This clearly demonstrates the protective roles of this plant

Keywords: mercury, Pistacia atlantica, Wistar rat, brain, antioxidant, neurotoxicity.
Costus afer modulates the activities of glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Authors: Tchamgoue Armelle D , Dzeufiet Paul DD , Kuiata Jules-Roger , Agbor Gabriel A
Published: August 2020

Background: Glycolytic enzymes (Hexokinase and α-glucosidase) and gluconeogenic enzymes (Glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-disphosphatase) control carbohydrate metabolism and hence glucose hemostasis, an important approach for the control of diabetes. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Costus afer on these enzymes.

Materials and methods: Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were administered hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Costus afer (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight) orally for 8 weeks. Effect of the extract was monitored on the decrease in glycemia and the modulatory activities on glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes activities. The pancreas was also immunohistochemically examined for regeneration of the Islet cells.

Results: Hydro-ethanolic extract significantly decreased the blood glucose concentration, serum glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-disphosphatase activities which were associated with an increase in the activity of hexokinase in the liver and kidney. immunohistochemical examination of the pancreas, revealed the preservation and regeneration of the islet of the Langerhans cells. 

Conclusion: Thus, C. afer acts against hyperglycemia modulating the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and hexokinase, and regeneration of β-cells.
Health Benefits and Application of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni in Dentistry
Authors: Shinde Mitali Ravindra , Winnier Jasmin
Published: August 2020

A wide range of artificial and synthetic products have been replaced by the natural products for daily use. The natural products are believed to have more advantages and less adverse effects. The plant products such as stem, flower, fruit, seed, leaves, etc have been experimented. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, a perennial shrub which is a native of South America. During World War II, England used it as a sweetener as sugar was not available. By 1970, it was used as a sweetener in Japan. In 1994, US approved steviol glycosides as functional ingredient in dietary supplements. It is non-caloric sweetener which is 200-300 times sweeter than table sugar. Its use as a sweetener was approved by FDA in 2011. There is growing evidence supporting the use of stevia in diabetes, hypertension, weight loss, etc. Dental caries is an infectious microbiologic disease of the tooth that results in localized dissolution and destruction of calcified tissues. There has been an increased interest on antimicrobial and anti-plaque activity of stevia mouth rinse and chewing gums. Researches on the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of stevia have also been conducted to evaluate its potential advantages in the dental field. This review describes in detail the health benefits and application of stevia in dentistry.

Keywords: Stevia, Dental, Medical
Bacterial analysis of biofilms from tooth root surfaces presenting different caries activity
Authors: Henz Sandra Liana , Damé Nailê Teixeira , Portugal Cristiane Neves , Maltz Marisa
Published: August 2020

This study evaluated the numbers and determined the proportion of mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp., which are possible relevant cariogenic organisms, in biofilms recovered from lesions at root surfaces with active caries lesions (ARC), inactive caries lesions, and sound root surfaces (SRS). Samples were cultured in MSB agar for mutans streptococci counts, Rogosa agar for Lactobacillus spp. counts, and brain-heart infusion agar for total viable anaerobic counts. After incubation, the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) was determined and compared between groups by the Mann-Whitney U test with a significance level set at 95%. The proportion of counts of mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp. in the total viable microorganisms was also analyzed by Chi-square test. Ninety samples (30 from each surface) from 37 patients were cultured and analyzed. The CFU was similar between mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp. These species were present in at least half of the samples and no difference was found in the frequency of isolation of these species. Only 6 samples showed a proportion of more than 10% of mutans streptococci; 4 of the samples were from ARC. Most (93%) SRS samples did not contain viable Lactobacillus spp. The data indicate the low counts of mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp. in root surfaces, regardless of the activity of caries lesions.
Los derechos humanos ante la crisis sistémica del siglo XXI
Authors: Polo Garrón Emilio
Published: August 2020

Nunca antes en la historia de la humanidad se ha tenido tanta certeza de la finitud de las posibilidades espaciales a la que se enfrenta el ser humano dentro de este planeta. Las infraestructuras y los medios de comunicación, entre otros, nos han acercado al último confín de la Tierra. Ya prácticamente nadie en este universo finito puede refugiar su pensamiento en lo local exclusivamente. Aunque sea por resistencia al pensamiento civilizatorio hegemónico capitalista global, las identidades locales también están forzadas a pensar desde lo global para entender a lo que se enfrentan. El primer escollo que aparece cuándo nos preguntamos qué es la dignidad del ser humano está totalmente condicionado desde la posición geoespacial e identitaria desde dónde nos hacemos la pregunta. Toda forma de pensamiento o conocimiento está situado. Por lo anterior nos vemos obligados a encontrar una respuesta en torno a los interrogantes planteados sobre la dignidad humana que sirva al conjunto de la humanidad desde el estudio de los Derechos Humanos. Entre los grandes inconvenientes para llegar a un punto en común en torno a los derechos humanos destaca la mirada euro-céntrica de la academia, de las instituciones o desde los distintos ámbitos económicos, políticos o sociales que dificultan los espacios de intercambio honesto de ideas entre diversas formas culturales de entender el mundo.
La construcción de la paz
Authors: Grasa Rafael
Published: August 2020

El texto parte de una constatación: no hay reversa a lo acordado con las FARC-EP, como texto constitucionalizado y  vigente durante más de una década, aunque sí que hay margen de maniobra en cómo y cuándo implementar. Por  otro lado, se distingue entre hacer las paces, el proceso y resultado de una negociación política orientada a poner fin a un conflicto armado, y construir paz, un proceso a largo plazo que busca evitar que los conflictos sociales, inevitables y recurrentes, den lugar  a conductas violentas. Por eso, el horizonte a largo plazo relevante en Colombia es la construcción de paz, con un horizonte 2030 que se entremezcla con la agenda de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. A partir de ese punto de partida, el texto pretende situar en contexto, la génesis, contexto de surgimiento y evolución de la teoría y práctica de la noción de construcción de paz, repasando los diversos debates, con el objeto de dar pistas sobre cómo deben abordarse las tareas de construcción de paz en Colombia a la luz del consenso actual sobre su teoría y práctica.

Se trata, en suma, de una síntesis de una investigación que el autor, y su equipo, llevan desarrollando desde hace más de una década y, que, en este caso, sirve para poner en el centro del debate el impacto de la comprensión de la construcción de paz no como una agenda sino como un proceso para formular políticas públicas post-acuerdo en Colombia en el presente y el futuro a medio plazo.
Complexity to downplay complexity: Implications of ERM logics for the Italian NHS
Authors: Casciello Raffaela , Meucci Fiorenza
Published: August 2020

The aim of the paper is to investigate COVID-19-related issues currently affecting the Italian Healthcare System and offer causes for reflection on how to deal efficiently with risk management criticalities. Through the lenses of the Quality in Extreme Adversity (QEA) action framework, such reflections benefit from a greater depth of holistic analysis on risk management opportunities and threats towards both renewing and protecting the welfare services of the Italian Healthcare System. The complexity and urgency to overcome the multitude of risks require healthcare organizations to intervene immediately with integrated top-down enterprise-wide approaches of risk management. In such conditions, the adoption of ad hoc shaped ERM models could be the right solution for facing adequately the inefficiencies in pandemic management.
Wacana Komunikasi Lingkungan dalam Iklan Properti Meikarta
Authors: Lestari Christina Arsi
Published: August 2020

Studi ini membahas wacana komunikasi lingkungan dalam iklan Meikarta dengan menggunakan konsep komunikasi lingkungan yang berfokus pada kajian terhadap iklan. Metode yang dipakai adalah analisis wacana kritis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa iklan Meikarta masih dalam tahap agenda setting. Iklan tersebut mampu memersuasi khalayak dengan gambaran fakta-fakta lingkungan Jakarta yang kumuh, serta memiliki beragam polusi dan kriminalitas. Tinjauan terhadap fungsi komunikasi lingkungan menggolongkan iklan Meikarta dalam fungsi teknis yang memberikan informasi dampak kerusakan lingkungan alam dan sosial Jakarta.
Methodological resource for the development of the aesthetic competence of the future teachers specialised in the Humanities
Authors: Halitsan Olha , Koycheva Tetyana , Osypova Tetiana
Published: August 2020

The methodological resource aimed at aesthetisation of the educational environment of a higher pedagogical education institution under conditions of reforming the Ukraine’s education system is highlighted in the study. The purpose of the study is to present the content of special methodological work on the development of the aesthetic competence of the future teachers specialised in the Humanities. The research methods are as follows: theoretical – analysis of scientific sources on the problem related to the development of the aesthetic competence of the future specialists in the field of education – in order to specify the phenomenon “aesthetic competence of the teacher specialised in the Humanities” and to determine the characteristics of its development; practical – analysis of pedagogical experience – in order to highlight the effective forms of work with students within the educational environment of higher education institutions which contribute to the development of the aesthetic competence on certain grounds. The aesthetic competence of the teacher specialised in the Humanities is interpreted as an integrative personal and professional characteristic of a teacher specialised in the Humanities based on his / her abilities to build professional pedagogical activities according to the laws of aesthetics (to understand markers of the tragic and comic, beautiful and ugly, lofted and low); it consists of a dynamic complex of specialized knowledge and skills (abilities to solve professional tasks based on aesthetic ideals, cultural and humanistic values); it is actualised through the identifiers of aesthetic and humanitarian training: aesthetic taste, aesthetic consciousness, aesthetic culture. The article describes the content of the experimental work with the students majoring in these specialties: 014 Secondary education (the Ukrainian language and literature) (10 bachelor students), 014 Secondary education (Language and literature (English)) (10 bachelor students), 014 Secondary education (History) (10 bachelor students) at the State institution “South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky”. The specificities of the work of the pedagogical circle within which the elective special course “Aesthetic competence of the future teachers specialised in the Humanities” (3 ECTS credits) was taught have been presented. Some ways enabling the modification of the content of the educational disciplines “Pedagogy”, “Psychology”, “Cultural Studies”, “The History of Ukrainian Culture” have been presented.
Keywords: competence, aesthetisation, aesthetic competence, future teachers of the Humanities, institution of higher education, educational environment of a higher education institution, methodological work.
The determinant of foreign language training control
of the students of non-linguistic specialties
Authors: Dolinsky Boris , Ivanenko Stanislav , Lozenko Natalya
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the study is to improve the monitoring system of foreign language training of the students specialised in non-linguistic disciplines. The object of the study is foreign language training of students specialised in non-linguistic disciplines. The subject of the study is the content, forms, methods and means of monitoring foreign language training of students specialised in non-linguistic disciplines. The research methodology is based on the consolidation of theoretical methods and pedagogical observation in order to determine the concepts dealing with the features of improving the control of foreign language training of the students specialised in non-linguistic disciplines and the introduction of modern approaches. The leading provisions of the control system are proposed, where foreign language training is allocated from an array of scientific information and practical approaches in teaching a foreign language for the students specialised in non-linguistic disciplines. It has been testified that the implemented author’s system is a compulsory requirement for the further development of the scientific direction of foreign language training of students which is consistent with the fundamental data of the general theory of training specialists within higher education.
The types of activities used in the process of monitoring foreign language training of the students specialised in non-linguistic disciplines which reflect the role of the object within the existing training system have been determined. The dominants which are characteristic for these students have been developed. The analysis allows us to make certain conclusions regarding the usage of testing technologies in assessing the quality of foreign language training in a modern institution of higher education, which should be adapted to the specific conditions aimed at guaranteeing the quality of control system of professional education. The technology of assessment provided the integrated conduct of control and evaluation activities based on the usage of traditional forms of control and score-rating innovative technology. The indicated activities and dominants of the system aimed at monitoring the foreign language training of the students specialised in non-linguistic disciplines are objective and structured characteristics, thanks to which it is possible to assess the quality of the acquired knowledge and acquired skills of the designated students, as well as to improve the methodology of teaching foreign language at higher education institutions, the purpose of which is student’s personal and professional growth.
Temporalidad en el pensamiento americano. Reflexiones en perspectiva
Authors: Esteves Juan José
Published: August 2020

El ensayo filosófico y literario durante el siglo pasado en nuestro continente expresó una búsqueda orientada hacia aquellos temas que indagan sobre el vivir y pensar desde América. Cuestiones como memoria, tiempo y compromiso constituyen parte de la reflexión de los tres autores —Leopoldo Zea, Rodolfo Kusch y Rodolfo Agoglia— incluidos en este artículo.
El aula a contrapelo. Imaginación política en las vanguardias artísticas
Authors: Pérez Balbi Magdalena I.
Published: August 2020

Este artículo parte de uno los ejes transversales de la materia Integración Cultural 2: el arte de propaganda. Para desarrollar los contenidos en el aula, pensamos y proponemos la relación artepolítica desde una mirada actual. El caso particular del constructivismo y del productivismo rusos nos permite reflexionar sobre las experiencias históricas ligadas a la imaginación política en los movimientos y en los procesos del siglo XX.
Cuerpos emergentes. Revelando una historiografía del arte feminista
Authors: Fryga Verónica Cinthia
Published: August 2020

Con el objetivo de transformar el sistema del arte y, con él, la sociedad Andrea Giunta revela en su última obra Feminismo y arte latinoamericano. Historia de artistas que emanciparon el cuerpo, cómo el feminismo se ha estado gestando en las producciones de los años sesenta y ochenta para emerger con fuerza en la actualidad. Se trata de un valioso aporte historiográfico, construido a partir de un corpus de obras que utilizan el cuerpo como soporte principal, desmontando estereotipos caducos e invitando a la reflexión.
El cine como acto de vanguardia. Un medio que transgrede sus propias leyes
Authors: Velis Juan Manuel
Published: August 2020

Fernando Vizcarra, investigador y académico de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México, estudia el campo cinematográfico desde diferentes perspectivas analíticas. Las vanguardias artísticas de albores de siglo XX, la ciencia ficción y su consolidación como género influyente en la cultura de masas de los años cincuenta y la dimensión intralingüística y simbólica del cine entran en juego en esta colección de ensayos reflexivos, atravesados por los condicionamientos de la contemporaneidad y los cambios trascendentales en torno al objeto artístico.
La poética como interpelación crítica en el arte. Análisis de lo político-crítico en «Poéticas políticas»
Authors: Cabra Guillermina
Published: August 2020

En la presente tesis de grado nos proponemos indagar acerca de las maneras de problematizar lo político desde la poética del arte. Vislumbrar lo político en la imagen podrá acercarnos a prácticas artísticas que buscan interpelar al espectador a fin de generar nuevos sentidos, nuevas formas de conocer y hacer visible. Se analizará una selección de obras presentadas en la muestra «Poéticas políticas» que tuvo lugar en el Parque de la Memoria entre diciembre de 2016 y marzo de 2017. La misma fue pensada alrededor de la pregunta «¿qué significa hoy hacer arte político?».
Arthropods associated with Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) canopy in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Yamazaki Lúcia , Vindica Vanessa França , Marques Marinêz Isaac , Battirola Leandro Dênis
Published: August 2020

Studies on arthropods associated with tropical rainforest canopies contribute to a further understanding of forest canopy community dynamics and their relationship to the structure and function of this ecosystem. This study evaluated arthropod community composition in monodominant Callisthene fasciculata forest canopy throughout the high water and dry periods in the northern region of the Pantanal in Mato Grosso, Brazil, as a part of a project about arboreal canopy arthropods associated with monodominant areas in this region. Sampling was conducted on 12 individuals of C. fasciculata, six from the high-water season (2010) and six from the dry season (2011), using insecticide fogging. A total of 28,197 arthropods were collected. Hymenoptera (the majority being Formicidae), Diptera, Acari, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera, were the most representative groups. Although the analysis did not show variation in the abundance of individuals between the high water and dry seasons, the arthropod community varied significantly in taxa composition. Opiliones, Embioptera, Ephemeroptera and Scorpiones occurred only during the high-water period, with Polyxenida and Strepsiptera occurring only in the dry season. Thysanoptera was more abundant in the dry season, showing a relationship with the beginning of the C. fasciculata flowering period. In general, the high water and dry seasons maintain distinct communities in this habitat, illustrating how the temporal variation in the phenology of C. fasciculata imposed by the Pantanal’s hydrological regime alters the composition of the associated arthropod communities in the canopy of these monodominant formations in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso.
La Mejor Arma que Usó Benjamín Herrera para Fomentar un Cambio en la Sociedad: la Educación
Authors: Plata-Mejía Gabriela Andrea , Aycardi-Coneo Ivan
Published: August 2020

En el presente proyecto recuperaremos como pilar fundamental la memoria histórica de un personaje que ha sido olvidado por muchos ciudadanos, desconociendo el papel fundamental que ejerció en la cultura colombiana, rompiendo esquemas y paradigmas establecidos en una época crucial para Colombia donde transcurría una crisis que generó caos y sufrimiento, como la Guerra civil colombiana (1876- 1877), La guerra de los mil días, entre otras crisis. El gran acontecimiento que se destaca y que es nuestra idea central, es cómo Benjamín Herrera, un militar y político con ideas de revolución en un tiempo que marcó a nuestro país por las vidas que se perdieron en esta lucha de ideas y de control político, buscó una solución, sin requerir de las armas, y que como muchos historiadores, filósofos, doctrinante y personajes importantes de la historia, como Nelson Mandela, quien sostenía que : “La educación es el arma más poderosa que puedes usar para cambiar ale mundo”. Benjamín Herrera utilizó esa ideología de cambio, creando un espacio de formación superior donde el pueblo pueda recibir una formación integral que ayude a construir una mejor sociedad. Es debido a este gran aporte que recalcamos la importancia de conocer este acto de revolución que puede servir de ejemplo para cambiar muchos aspectos de la sociedad, utilizando esta gran arma como lo es la educación, conllevando a que se pueda tener el reconocimiento y espacio en los órganos importantes para la legislación y justicia colombiana, en efecto, deberíamos apropiarnos de este gran ejemplo sobre todo la comunidad Unilibrista como signo de pertenencia.