bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BACK TO THE FUTURE: WHITE STUDENTS ACCOUNTING FOR NON-PARTICIPATION IN STUDENT POLITICS
Authors: Botha Ryan , Marx Jacqueline
Published: October 2022

Our research examines the role that race, racial identity and racism play in talk about student politics. In this article we examine white male and female studentsâ€™ accounts for non-participation in student politics at a historically black university. Our analysis of talk in focus group discussions identifies a range of conceptual dichotomies. We link these conceptual dichotomies to deeply entrenched racially binarized narratives and show how recourse to them is used to articulate and legitimize decisions not to participate in student politics. We discuss the implications of the strategies employed by white students to account for non-participation in student politics and conclude the article by giving consideration to suggestions for alternate frames for doing whiteness in contemporary South Africa.
SCHOOL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE FEMALE LEARNERSâ€™ DEVELOPMENT OF A NEGATIVE SELF-CONCEPT IN MATHEMATICS: THE CASE OF A RURAL HIGH SCHOOL IN CENTRAL ZAMBIA
Authors: Nachivula Chongo , Munsaka Ecloss
Published: October 2022

The study was aimed at ascertaining school factors, which influence the development of negative mathematics self-concept in female learners. The study used a case study approach. A sample comprising 7 grade 11 female learners with low mathematics self-concept from Kalale (pseudonym) Girlsâ€™ Secondary School, situated in a rural area of central Zambia, was purposively selected. The Rosenberg self-concept scale was used to identify learners with low mathematics self-concept. In-depth face-to-face interviews and a focus group discussion were conducted with the participants. Data were analysed using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method. Findings revealed that there were six school factors that influenced the female learners to have a negative self-concept in mathematics. These factors are: bad personality attitudes of mathematics teachers; lack of support from teachers; teachersâ€™ mathematics related gender stereotypes; few female mathematics teachers; lack of adequate and consistent guidance and counselling programs in the school; and poor organisation of the mathematics club in the school.
TO DIVORCE OR NOT? YOUNG BLACK PEOPLEâ€™S PERCEPTIONS OF DIVORCE IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Maubane Boikhutso , Langa Malose
Published: October 2022

Â This article explores young black peopleâ€™s perceptions of divorce in the post-apartheid South Africa, with specific focus on factors that may influence a partner to decide whether to divorce or not. A theory of Abraham Maslowâ€™s hierarchy of needs is used to understand what is more valuable for young black people in terms of their needs in a marriage today. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with eight black unmarried third year students (four males and four females between ages 21 and 23 years old) at the University of the Witwatersrand in the year 2013. Data was analysed using a thematic content analysis to identify the key themes that emerged from the data. The findings indicate that most young black people would divorce their partner regardless of being financially dependent on them, as they feel emotional fulfilment in marriage is important than financial security.
VIRGINITY TESTING: PERCEPTIONS OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN THE EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Swaartbooi-Xabadiya Zolisa , Nduna Mzikazi
Published: October 2022

This article contributes to the literature on virginity testing by expounding the perspective of girls regarding the practice of virginity testing. The study was conducted in Mthatha, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa to explore the perceptions and attitudes of girls about the practice of Inkciyo â€“ virginity testing. Participants were aged 16 to 19 years from St Johnâ€™s College. Data were collecte through five focus group discussions with eight respondents per group. Audio data were transcribed and translated into English. Data were managed through QSR NVIVO 8. Our findings show that participants started participating in Inkciyo before the legal age of 16. Respondents cite various reasons for participating in Inkciyo including preserving their Xhosa culture, pride, and enjoying community support. Non-participation in the practice was attributed to non-performance of Inkciyo in their communities. We conclude that research is needed to investigate the acceptability of Inkciyo in other communities and to assess its impact on modifying sexual behaviour for positive sexual health outcomes, in particular reducing HIV incidence in these communities.
APPRECIATIVE INQUIRY OF A MENTORING PROGRAMME IN SOWETO
Authors: Fynn Angelo
Published: October 2022

Education support services are aimed at addressing learner well-being holistically. Learner performance is linked to sufficient psychological, medical and social support. This study was an evaluation of a non-governmental organisation aimed at providing learners with psycho-social support and used the application of an Appreciative Inquiry approach. An Appreciative Inquiry approach is a method for generating change within an organisation by looking at what works in the organisation and facilitating active participation. The main findings from this study were that the programme seems to have positively affected learnersâ€™ performance both academically and behaviourally; the programme was perceived to have raised the general standard of academic performance at the school.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Fourie Eduard
Published: October 2022

Editorial
Ekonomi ve Ekoloji Kıskacında Sürdürülebilir Kırsal Turizmin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AK Özlem , ZENGİN Burhanettin , TÜRKSEVEN Erkan
Published: October 2022

Sanayileşme ile birlikte artan kentleşme ve doğadan uzak yaşam tarzı, asıl özü doğa olan insanın doğaya dönmesini elzem hale getirmiştir. Doğaya artan ilgi ve merak, bir zamanların tarımsal üretime ve tabiata ev sahipliği yapan bu alanların bir bölümünü, yerli ve yabancı turistlere hizmet eden mekânlara dönüştürmüştür. Fakat bu dönüşüm ekonomi ve ekoloji kıskacında kalarak bir yandan kırsal alanlardaki ekonomik yapıyı güçlendirirken diğer taraftan da ekolojik dengenin bozulmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışma da dünya genelinde değişen turistik talep ve beklentilere paralel olarak, turistik arz kaynaklarının kırsal turizm amaçlı kullanılması ile kırsal alanlarda hem ekolojik açıdan hem de ekonomik açıdan yaşanan değişim ve dönüşümleri ele alarak, kırsal turizmin sürdürülebilirliğini mevcut ekonomik sistem ekseninde tartışmaktadır. Sürdürülebilirliğin ekonomi, ekoloji ve çevre-turizm bağlamında kendisini gerçekleştirmede sınırlı kaldığı, neoliberal ekonomideki rasyonel davranış anlayışının da değerler ekonomisi anlayışına yer bırakması gerektiği görülmektedir. Çalışmada ilk olarak literatür araştırması yapılmış olup kırsal turizmin ekonomik ve ekolojik etkilerinin ele alındığı önceki çalışmalar derlenerek elde edilen bilgiler ışığında bazı öneriler getirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Ekolojik Örgütsel Yenilik Performansı Nasıl Etkiliyor? Konya Otomotiv Yan Sanayi İş Kümesi Araştırması
Authors: TURAK KAPLAN Berna , KAPLAN Mehmet , ÇELİK Adnan
Published: October 2022

Ekolojik örgütsel yenilik işletmelerde yeni ve güncel bir yenilik türü olarak dinamik işletme yapılarının gelecek kaygıları bağlamında ele alınan bir konu olmaktadır. İşletme performansı ise işletmelerin başarı ölçütlerini belirleyen bütünsel sistemdir. Kavramsal incelemelerin ardından “Ekolojik örgütsel yenilik performansı nasıl etkiliyor?” temel araştırma sorusuna yanıt aranmaktadır. Çalışmada, işletmelerde ekolojik örgütsel yenilik ile işletme performansı arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma görgül araştırma niteliğindedir. Bu araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Basit tesadüfi yöntemle belirlenen Konya Otomotiv Yan Sanayi İş Kümesi çalışanlarından 148 geri dönüş elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen geri dönüşlere bağlı olarak analizler yapılmıştır. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre ekolojik örgütsel yeniliğin işletme performansı üzerine etki ettiği görülmüştür.
Linguistic Research in the Scientific Expedition to Siberia (1719–1727): D. G. Messerschmidt and Ph. J. Strahlenberg
Authors: Bondar L. D.
Published: October 2022

Linguistics is, perhaps, the only field of scientific studies of two colleagues, who were companions on the Siberian journey – D. G. Messerschmidt and Ph. J. Strahlenberg – in which historians of science cannot reach the consensus on whom give the palm and title of the pioneer in the study of the languages of the Siberian peoples and whose contribution in the formation of comparative linguistics was more significant. The article presents the materials from the personal collection of the first researcher of Siberia, German scholar D. G. Messerschmidt, stored in the St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It analyzes information about linguistic research conducted in the expedition of D. G. Messerschmidt (1719–1722) at the time when his Swedish companion Ph. J. Strahlenberg was on this voyage (till 1722). The research goal is to establish the degree of participation of both scholars in collecting and analyzing language materials. Comparison of the data from archival sources information contained in the book, published by Ph. J. Strahlenberg in Stockholm in 1730, shows that both German and Swedish researchers collected and processed language materials independently; they had different linguistic interests and research goals. For Ph. J. Strahlenberg, comparative language study and etymology issues were areas of his special interest; the priority of D. G. Messerschmidt lied in the purposeful and systematic compilation of natural science nomenclatures, comparative studies became the focus of his attention much later. At the same time, the research trajectories of the two traveling scholars inevitably intersected due to joint travel and long-time joint work – even if the travelers did not share their notes, they could not help but share ideas and conclusions.
Visual digital copy of the crime scene and its presentation in virtual reality as tools in criminal proceedings
Authors: Kugurakova Vlada V. , Antonov Igor Olegovich , Goncharenko Bogdan Victorovich , Chaibar Artysh Alimovich
Published: October 2022

The paper presents new possibilities of such technologies as photogrammetry and virtual reality for application in criminal proceedings. The concept of building “on the fly” three-dimensional digital copy of the incident, directly at the scene of the incident is presented. The concept is tested by applying specific technological approaches to create a digital copy of the incident with the server processing the initial information from a set of photos of the scene from several angles, the architecture of the hardware-software system is developed and the functionality of the mobile solution and virtual reality application is described. It is shown how a digital copy of the incident can be used, in particular, in a criminal case by the subjects of proof – both the subjects of the prosecution and the defense. To date, no precedents have yet been found for the use of virtual reality technology in court proceedings in this aspect, and the authors propose a gradual introduction of the proposed approaches into practice.
Clustering of handwritten digits by Kohonen neural network
Authors: Латыпова Дина Сергеевна , Тумаков Дмитрий Николаевич
Published: October 2022

Проведена кластеризация рукописных цифр по шестидесяти тысячам
изображений, содержащихся в обучающей выборке базы данных MNIST. Для
кластеризации использована нейронная сеть Кохонена. Для каждой
рукописной цифры определено оптимальное количество кластеров (не более
50). При определении расстояния между объектами (изображениями
рукописных цифр) использована евклидова норма. Проверка правильности
построения кластеров проведена по данным из тестовой выборки базы MNIST.
Тестовая выборка содержит десять тысяч изображений. Сделан вывод о том,
что изображения из тестовой выборки принадлежат кластеру
<<правильной цифры>> с вероятностью более 90%.
Для каждой цифры вычислена F-мера для оценки кластеров. Наилучшие
значения F-меры получены для цифр 0 и 1 (F-среднее значение равно
0,974). Наихудшие значения получены для цифры 9 (F-среднее значение
равно 0,903). Также проведён кластерный анализ, который позволил сделать
выводы о возможных ошибках в распознавании нейронной сетью Кохонена.
Построены пересечения кластеров для изображений рукописных цифр.
Приведены примеры пересечений кластеров, а также показаны примеры
изображений, которые распознаны нейронной сетью неверно.
Detecting states of ion channels on the cell membrane using neural networks
Authors: Тумаков Дмитрий Николаевич , Каннуников Георгий Владимирович , Минлебаев Марат Гусманович
Published: October 2022

Рассмотрена задача автоматизации процесса анализа открытых состояний каналов на мембране нейрона живого организма. Учитывая, что регистрация электрической активности клетки сделана методом патч/̄кламп при различных значениях приложенного потенциала, проведено разбиение на интервалы с постоянным потенциалом. Далее для устранения шумов к данным применены режекторный фильтр, низкочастотный и высокочастотный фильтры Чебышёва. К нормированным данным применена нейронная сеть, на основе результатов работы которой, данные изменены и повторно обработаны той же нейронной сетью. В результате работы алгоритма получена динамика состояний каналов, позволяющая регистрировать до нескольких открытых каналов одновременно.
Detecting states of ion channels on the cell membrane using neural networks
Authors: Tumakov Dmitrii Nikolaevich , Kannunikov Georgy Vladimirovich , Minlebaev Marat Gusmanovich
Published: October 2022

The problem of automating the process of analyzing the open states of channels on the membrane of a neuron of a living organism is considered. Taking into account that the registration of the electrical activity of the cell was made by the patch clamp method at various values of the applied potential, a division into intervals with a constant potential is carried out. Further, to eliminate noise, a notch filter, low-frequency and high-frequency Chebyshev filters are applied to the data. A neural network is applied to the normalized data, based on the results of which the data is changed and re-processed by the same neural network. As a result of the algorithm, the dynamics of channel states was obtained, which makes it possible to register up to several open channels simultaneously.
Saúde mental dos profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Pit Cristiana de Oliveira , Santos Josiane Lopes dos , Silva Regiane Alves , Vetorazo Jabneela Vieira Pereira
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Descrever os impactos na saúde mental dos profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, após combinação de descritores em ciências da saúde nas bases de dados Acervo+ Index Base e Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online (SCIELO) no período de 2020 a 2022. Selecionou-se 36 artigos e utilizou-se de critérios específicos de exclusão, provindo 12 artigos para análise final. Resultados: Os estudos analisados evidenciaram que os profissionais de enfermagem sofreram impacto psicológico decorrente à pandemia da Covid-19 e más condições de trabalho. Foi observada uma maior incidência no sofrimento psíquico desses profissionais, tendo a ansiedade, depressão e Síndrome de Burnout com maior prevalência estre os estudos. Considerações finais: Os profissionais de enfermagem enfrentaram situações de sofrimento psicológico, manifestando sintomas depressivos, de ansiedade e Síndrome de Burnout, onde afetam a vida pessoal e laboral, podendo permanecer por longo período. É de grande importância que os gestores dos serviços de saúde realizem intervenções psicológicas de forma precoce com o intuito de promover proteção e preservação da saúde física e mental desses profissionais.
Sistema de Informação em Saúde Pública (SIS): apoio, tecnologia e aplicabilidade
Authors: Furtado Lorraina Jordana Benvenutti , Arlindo Samara Barbosa , Vetorazo Jabneela Vieira Pereira
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Evidenciar por meio de buscas na literatura cientifica a aplicabilidade e atuação dos principais Sistemas de Informacionais em Saúde (SIS) e visualizar as eventuais problemáticas no processamento informacional. Revisão bibliográfica: A informação contribui no processo decisório para a saúde, uma vez que auxilia no conhecimento sobre os diversos aspectos da sociedade. A disponibilidade de dados como: indicadores de saúde, epidemiologia, assistência médica, morbidade, estatísticas vitais e redes de atendimento, indicam que integralidade entre a aplicabilidade da tecnologia nos sistemas de saúde e suas diversas áreas de atuação, resultando em uma assistência administrativa e clínica. Considerações finais: Em suma, os SIS e os bancos de dados, integram ferramentas valiosas para a avaliação, atuação e o planejamento de serviços, redes, sistemas e políticas de saúde. Deste modo o acesso às informações das condições clínicas, demográficas, fatores de risco, mortalidade, epidemiologia e outros, contribuem para a tomada de decisões, planejamentos, intervenções e atuação para um plano de medidas profiláticas
APLICATIVO PILATES TERAPPÊUTICO: EXERCÍCIOS E INFORMAÇÕES PARA GESTANTES DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: MONTEİRO BORTOLETTİ Estela Maris , ALVES DE MORAES Magali Aparecida , ROCHA JÚNİOR Paulo Roberto
Published: October 2022

Introdução: Este é um produto técnico, fruto de uma pesquisa de campo intitulada de: Método Pilates e ações educativas para gestantes da atenção primária à saúde, do Mestrado Profissional da Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), realizado mediante a uma parceria com alunos da Faculdade de Tecnologia de Marília (FATEC). A qualidade de vida (QV) da gestante está associada a um atendimento especializado, realizado no sistema único de saúde (SUS) por meio do Pré-Natal, que visa garantir atenção integral das parturientes e ao bebê, promovendo diversas ações educativas, sendo elas verbalizadas ou através de outros instrumentos que ilustrem e autoexpliquem as ações. A educação em saúde é indispensável no Pré-Natal do SUS, abordada de diversas formas e com diferentes temas, possui grande relevância, pois através da transferência dos saberes, se faz a construção do conhecimento, que pode se dar através de ferramentas convencionais ou recursos tecnológicos. A intencionalidade dessa pesquisa é integrar o cuidado às gestantes da Atenção Primária à Saúde, através de ações de educação em saúde por métodos convencionais e tecnológicos, com o intuito de incentivar a prática de atividade física aos tratamentos pré-natais e melhorar a qualidade de vida das gestantes. Objetivo: Elaborar um aplicativo com sequências de exercícios do Método Pilates e orientações sobre a gestação, para as gestantes da atenção primária à saúde, para a melhora da qualidade de vida e vivência da maternidade. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência da elaboração de um aplicativo, para gestantes da atenção primária. Surgiu da necessidade de sanar dúvidas sobre exercícios, decúbitos, e informações importantes sobre esse período, que foram surgindo durante as sessões de Pilates, e nas entrevistas realizadas com elas durante a pesquisa de campo. As dúvidas foram respondidas com base na literatura científica. O aplicativo está sendo desenvolvido por intermédio dos alunos do curso de Habilitação Profissional de Técnico em Desenvolvimento de Sistemas – Novotec, considerando as seguintes etapas: 1º passo: Apresentação do projeto e do material à professora responsável e aos alunos; 2º passo: Levantamento dos dados para o conteúdo do aplicativo; 3º passo: Criação do logotipo; 4º passo: Prototipação do aplicativo; 5º passo: Apresentação do protótipo; 6 º Desenvolvimento do aplicativo na plataforma Kodular. A elaboração desses passos resultará em um aplicativo que será ofertado gratuitamente para as gestantes da atenção primária. Resultados esperados: Esse produto técnico poderá contribuir para uma gestação saudável e na prática da busca à informação baseada em evidências, proporcionando qualidade de vida na vivência da maternidade.
HÁBITOS E NÍVEL DE SATISFAÇÃO DE TRABALHADORES SEDENTÁRIOS EM TRABALHO REMOTO NO MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: SANTANA BUENO Priscilla , NOGUEİRA BURKE Thomaz , EGÍDİO JUNİOR Ricardo
Published: October 2022

Introdução: Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), até 5 milhões de mortes por ano poderiam ser evitadas se a população em todo o mundo fosse mais ativa, ou seja, mais tempo se movimentando e na pandemia da COVID-19, com a necessidade de isolamento, houve uma diminuição na prática de atividade física. Objetivo: Analisar as características de hábitos levantando o tempo dedicado a prática de atividade física, o nível de satisfação dos trabalhadores em teletrabalho e se realizam horas extras. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado no período de junho de 2021 a outubro de 2021, cuja amostra por conveniência após convite na metodologia bola de neve com uso de redes sociais foi constituída por 34 trabalhadores, sendo 23 mulheres e 11 homens com faixa etária de 19-50 anos pareadas por trabalho remoto em ambiente domiciliar, uso de computador e postura sentada por longos períodos, pelo menos quarenta horas semanais em oito horas diárias. A análise foi realizada de forma qualitativa através das respostas enviadas pelos trabalhadores via FORMS e a escolha dessa ferramenta nesse estudo possibilitou avaliar os hábitos e nível de satisfação dos trabalhadores respeitando a privacidade do ambiente domiciliar dos participantes, pois estes estão em trabalho remoto, e por isso, foi necessário um questionário on-line. Resultados: Ao serem questionados se realizam pelo menos 150 a 300 minutos de atividade aeróbica moderada a vigorosa por semana, 52,9% dos trabalhadores não realiza e 47,1% realiza, sendo assim a maior parte da população trabalhadora analisada é considerada sedentária. A população trabalhadora ainda que satisfeita, ou muito satisfeita, ou insatisfeita com suas condições de trabalho pontuou oportunidades de melhoria em seus postos de trabalho em casa evidenciando a importância de envolver o trabalhador nas oportunidades para suas condições de trabalho e a carga de trabalho relacionada a quantidade de dias que os trabalhadores realizam horas extras e que por consequência prolongam a sua postura sentada por longos períodos não teve impacto com o grau de satisfação, pois os trabalhadores insatisfeitos não realizam horas extras e os muito satisfeitos e satisfeitos realizam. Vinte e nove trabalhadores, variando entre os graus de satisfação em relação aos seus trabalhos, pontuaram oportunidades de melhoria ao serem questionados o que facilitaria o seu trabalho, a maior parte são sugestões de melhoria relativas a mobiliários, equipamentos e uma melhor organização do trabalho. Conclusão: O estudo indica as possíveis causas, que podem prejudicar a saúde dos trabalhadores, com agentes causadores relacionados a diversos fatores como por exemplo os organizacionais relacionados ao tempo dedicado ao trabalho sedentário e seus impactos na saúde e satisfação do trabalhador.
SAÚDE MENTAL E COPING DOS ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO SUPERIOR EM ÉPOCA PANDÉMICA
Authors: NUNES PORTUGUÊS GALVÃO Ana Maria , MARTİNS TEİXEİRA Maria Cristina , RODRİGUES Carina De Fátima
Published: October 2022

Introdução: Os diferentes estudos realizados sobre crises socioeconómicas que ocorreram no passado, principalmente a crise de 2008/2009 que afetou praticamente todo o mundo, e em particular a Europa, tornou-se um campo de estudo muito importante comprovando a influência dos fatores sociais e económicos sobre a saúde mental das pessoas. Associado à pandemia COVID-19 desenvolve-se uma nova crise socioeconómica que, inevitavelmente afectará a saúde mental dos portugueses. No início do ano 2021, devido ao aumento dos casos de infeção COVID-19, a população portuguesa entra num segundo confinamento e é sujeita ao dever de recolhimento domiciliário, mantendo as escolas com o ensino presencial. Com o agravamento da situação, a 23 de janeiro o ensino voltou na modalidade à distância. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o impacto que a pandemia teve na saúde mental dos estudantes do ensino superior, no momento em que decorre o segundo confinamento geral no país. Pretendeu-se avaliar os níveis de stress, ansiedade e depressão dos estudantes e conhecer as estratégias de coping por eles utilizadas. Metodologia: O estudo é exploratório, transversal e correlacional, utilizando uma amostra não probabilística de 441 estudantes do IPB a frequentarem cursos das diferentes escolas. Os dados foram recolhidos no início do 2º semestre do ano letivo 2020/21, período que coincidiu com o segundo confinamento nacional devido à pandemia COVID-19. Para a recolha de dados sobre o estado psicológico foi utilizada a escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress (EADS-21), para a avaliação das estratégias de coping a escala Escala Toulousiana de Coping (ETC). Ao questionário composto por estas duas escalas adicionamos variáveis sociodemográficas, familiares e situacionais relacionadas com a COVID-19. Resultados: A análise foi quantitativa, com recurso a técnicas de análise estatística descritiva e inferencial adequadas, incluindo o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Verificou-se que o reporte de dificuldade de acesso á internet, a um computador ou a alimentos causa aumento significativo dos níveis de ansiedade (p=.01). Os níveis de depressão aumentam com situações frequentes de dificuldade de acesso à internet e a alimentos. Os níveis de stress aumentam com a dificuldade de acesso à internet a situações de apoio frequente a familiares e amigos. A procura de cuidados médicos parece estar associada a aumento significativo de níveis de ansiedade, depressão e stress. Por outro lado, a prática de desporto diminui os níveis de depressão e a saída da habitação por motivos laborais reduz os níveis de depressão e de stress. Conclusão: A análise destes resultados revestem-se de grande importância para a prática clínica para que se possa garantir uma intervenção psicológica integrada e preventiva, adotando estratégias de treino da resiliência e de competências adaptativas de enfrentamento.
(Anti)viral Material Design Guided by Scattering Methods
Authors: Watts Samuel , Tran Bettina , Salentinig Stefan
Published: October 2022

Viruses are nature’s own nanoparticles that are highly symmetric and monodisperse in size and shape with well-defined surface chemistry. They have evolved for optimal cell interactions, genetic information delivery and replication by the host cell over millions of years. These features render them into very efficient pathogens that place a severe burden onto the health of our society. At the same time, they are highly interesting objects for colloidal studies and building blocks for advanced bio-inspired materials for health applications. Their characterisation requires sophisticated experimental techniques such as scattering of X-rays, neutrons, and light to probe structures and interactions from the nanometre to the micrometre length-scale in solution. This contribution summarizes the recent progress in the field of virus self-assembly and virus-based biopolymer composites for advanced material design. It discusses the advances and highlights some of the challenges in the characterization of structure and dynamics in these materials with a focus on scattering techniques. It further demonstrates selected applications in the field of food and water purification.
THE HEROIC EPOS «KOZIIN-ERKESH» BY N. U. ULAGASHEV
Authors: Яданова К.В.
Published: October 2022

В научной статье рассматривается героическое сказание «Козын-Эркеш» Н. У. Улагашева и сравниваются тексты сказания в различных издательских редакциях.Героический эпос «Козын-Эркеш» на сегодняшний день известен только в репертуаре Н. У. Улагашева. Версией эпоса «Козын-Эркеш» является более распространенное среди алтайских кайчы сказание «Кӧзӱйке и Байан» (Козуйке и Байан). Алтайские героические сказания «Козын-Эркеш», «Кӧзӱйке и Байан» по сюжету близки к казахскому эпосу «Козы-Корпеш и Баян-Слу», к башкирскому «Кузы-Курпес и Маян-хылу», к эпосу сибирских татар «Козы-Курпеш и Баян-Сылу» и к сказаниям других тюркских народов.В настоящей статье ставилась цель: рассмотреть и сравнить тексты сказания «Козын-Эркеш» в различных издательских редакциях. Автор приходит к выводу, что в результате литературной обработки текста сказания в некоторых изданиях убраны эпизоды о проклятии матерью сына и др., это привело к искажению содержания текста и к ослаблению конфликта матери с сыном.

The article discusses the heroic epos «Kozin-Erkesh» by N. U. Ulagashev and compares the legend texts in various publishing editions. Today the heroic epos is known only in the repertoire of N. U. Ulagashev. The heroic epos «Kozuyke and Bayan» is the version of the epic «Kozin-Erkesh» that is more widely spread among Altain Kaychi. The plot of the heroic epos «Kozin-Erkesh» and «Kozuyke and Bayan» is close to the plot of the kazakh epos «Kozi-Korpesh and Bayan-Slu», to the bashkir epos «Kuzi-Kurpes and Mayan-Hilu», to the epos of Siberian Tatars «Kozi-Kurpesh and Bayan-Silu» and to the epos of other Turkic peoples.The aim of the article is to review and compare the texts of the heroic epos «Kozin-Erkesh» in the various publishing editions. The author concludes that as a result of literary treatment that have been removed some episodes about curse between son and mother that led to the distortion of the text content and caused conflict mitigation between them.
Nanoscale porosity in microellipsoids cloaks interparticle capillary attraction at fluid interfaces
Authors: Trevenen Samuel , Hamilton Heather S.C. , Ribbe Alexander E. , Bradley Laura C. , Beltramo Peter J.
Published: October 2022

Anisotropic particles pinned at fluid interfaces tend towards disordered multi-particle configurations due to large, orientationally-dependent, capillary forces, which is a significant barrier to exploiting these particles to create novel functional self-assembled materials. Therefore, current interfacial assembly methods typically focus on isotropic spheres, which have minimal capillary attraction and no dependence on orientation in the plane of the interface. In order to create long-range ordered structures with complex configurations via interfacially trapped anisotropic particles, control over the interparticle interaction energy via external fields and/or particle engineering is necessary. Here, we synthesize colloidal ellipsoids with nanoscale porosity and show that their interparticle capillary attraction at a water-air interface is reduced by an order of magnitude compared to their smooth counterparts. This is accomplished by comparing the behavior of smooth, rough, and porous ellipsoids at a water-air interface. By monitoring the dynamics of two particles approaching one another, we show that the porous particles exhibit a much shorter-range capillary interaction potential, with scaling intriguingly different than theory describing the behavior of smooth ellipsoids. Further, interferometry measurements of the fluid deformation surrounding a single particle shows that the interface around porous ellipsoids does not possess the characteristic quadrupolar symmetry of smooth ellipsoids, and quantitatively confirms the decrease in capillary interaction energy. By engineering nanostructured surface features in this fashion, the interfacial capillary interactions between particles may be controlled, informing a new approach for the self-assembly of complex two-dimensional microstructures composed of anisotropic particles.
Radical-like reactivity for dihydrogen activation by coinage metal-aluminyl complexes: computational evidence inspired by experimental main group chemistry
Authors: Sorbelli Diego , Belpassi Leonardo , Belanzoni Paola
Published: October 2022

The computational study of an unprecedented reactivity of coinage metal-aluminyl complexes with dihydrogen is reported. In close resemblance to Group 14 dimetallenes and dimetallynes, the complexes are predicted to activate H2 under mild conditions. Two different reaction pathways are found disclosing a common driving force, i.e., the nucleophilic behavior of the electron-sharing M-Al (M = Cu, Ag, Au) bond, which enables a cooperative and diradical-like mechanism. This mode of chemical reactivity emerges as a new paradigm for dihydrogen activation and calls for an experimental feedback.
Challenges in Molecular Dynamics of Amorphous ZIFs using Reactive Force Fields
Authors: Castel Nicolas , Coudert François-Xavier
Published: October 2022

While amorphous metal–organic frameworks (a-MOFs) form an emerging class of materials of growing interest, their structural characterization remains experimentally and computationally challenging challenging. Out of the many molecular simulation methods that exist to model these disordered materials, one strategy consists in simulating the phase transition from a crystalline MOF to the amorphous state using molecular dynamics. ReaxFF reactive force fields have been proposed for this purpose in several studies to generate models of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) glasses by melt-quenching. In this work, we investigate in detail the accuracy and reliability of this approach by reproducing the published procedures and comparing the structure of the resulting glasses to other data, including ab initio modeling. We find that the in silico melt-quench procedure is extremely sensitive to the choice of methodology and parameters, and suggest adaptations to improve the scheme. We also show that the glass models generated with ReaxFF are markedly different from their ab initio counterparts, as well as known experimental characteristics, and feature an unphysical description of the local coordination environment, which in term affects the medium-range and bulk properties.
INDIAN ASSOCIATION FOR CRYSTAL GROWTH 2015
Authors: Pandian Dr Muthu Senthil
Published: October 2022

It is a great pleasure for me to present you the TWENTY SEVENTH issue of IACG NEWS LETTER-2015. An enthusiastic note is that the number of the IACG members is increasing tremendously. To date we have about 350 Crystal Growth research active life members. The immense support and encouragement we have been receiving from the Indian Crystal Growth Community has given us enthusiasm to bring out the Twenty Seventh Issue of our IACG News Letter. This newsletter makes aware of achievements and the new developments achieved by the Crystal Growth community in India. The objectives of the association are to promote, encourage and develop the theory and practice of growth of Crystals, to organize Conferences, Seminars, Workshops etc., in various parts of the country, to educate the people at different levels and offer a proper platform for reporting and discussing new developments in the field of Crystal Growth.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI TEPUNG LABU KUNING (Cucurbita moschata Durch) SEBAGAI BAHAN FORTIFIKASI ROTI TAWAR
Authors: Lestario Lydia Ninan , Malithasari Putri , Hastuti Susanti Pudji
Published: October 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh penambahan berbagai konsentrasi tepung labu kuning dalam pembuatan roti tawar terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, kadar beta karoten dan kadar serat dan untuk menentukan konsentrasi tepung labu kuning yang paling disukai oleh panelis berdasar pada uji organoleptik. Data kadar air, kadar abu, kadar beta karoten dan kadar serat roti tawar dianalisa secara statistik dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Sebagai perlakuan adalah konsentrasi tepung labu kuning, yaitu : 0%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%, dan 12,5% sedang sebagai ulangan adalah waktu analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan berbagai konsentrasi tepung labu kuning dapat meningkatkan kadar ari, kadar abu, kadar beta karoten, dan kadar serat roti tawar yang dihasilkan. Hasil uji organoleptik dengan 30 panelis menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung labu kuning yang paling disukai adalah pada konsentrasi 5% dan 7,5%, dengan kadar air 32,22 % dan 33,52 %, kadar abu 0,92 % dan 1,04 %, kadar beta karoten 5,27 mg/100g dan 6,82   mg/100g, serta kadar abu 3,33 % dan 4,62 %.

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of various pumpkin flour concentration addition in bread as revealed by water, ash, beta carotene, and fiber content, to determine the most preferred concentration of pumpkin flour applied in bread by panelists based on the organoleptic test. The water, ash, beta carotene, and fiber contents of bread were analyzed by Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), with 6 treatments and 4 replications. As the treatments were various concentration of pumpkin flour addition which are : 0%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%, and 12,5% respectively, and as blocks were time of analysis. The results showed that the addition of pumpkin flour with various concentration can increase the water, ash, beta carotene, and fiber content. The results of organoleptic test using 30 panelists showed that the most preferred concentration of pumpkin flour applied in bread 5% and 7,5% with the range of water content 32,22 % and 33,52 %, ash content 0,92 % and 1,04 %, beta carotene content 5,27 mg/100g and 6,82   mg/100g, and fiber content 3,33 % and 4,62 %.
Karakteristik Fisik, Kimia dan Organoleptik Permen Jelly Labu Siam (Sechium Edule) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Rumput Laut (Eucheuma cottonii)
Authors: Sari Aisha Anggun , Kritiani Endang Bekti , Haryati Sri
Published: October 2022

Permen  jelly adalah salah satu jenis kembang gula yang disukai karena memiliki sifat yang khas. Kekhasan tersebut terletak pada rasa, bentuk, kekenyalan dan elastisitas produk. Upaya penganekaragaman produk dari labu siam terus dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan daya guna hasil pertanian. Salah satu dari produk untuk dikembangkan hasil pertanian tersebut adalah pemanfaatan labu siam dalam pembuatan permen  jelly. Pemanfaatan labu siam sebagai bahan baku pembuatan permen jelly tujuannya yaitu mempermudah   konsumen   untuk   mengonsumsi   labu   siam.   Labu   siam   sudah mengandung pektin sebesar 6,7%, oleh sebab itu perlu penambahan bahan lain yang mengandung bahan pembentuk gel seperti beberapa persen (%) rumput laut (Eucheuma cottonii). Rumput laut Eucheuma cottonii tidak hanya mengandung karagenan, namun juga mengandung serat pangan, zat  besi, iodium, protein, lemak, abu dan beberapa vitamin terutama vitamin C. Gel yang kuat dan tekstur yang kenyal pada permen jelly dapat dihasilkan dengan adanya penambahan rumput laut yang mengandung pembentuk gel.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi rumput

laut sebagai pengikat permen jelly labu siam dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda terhadap karakteristik fisik, kimia dan organoleptik (rasa dan tekstur). Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah labu siam, rumput laut (Eucheuma cottonii), gula pasir dan asam sitrat. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah  Rancangan  Acak  Kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu P1 (20%), P2 (40%), P3 (60%) dan P4 (80%) dan masing – masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Variabel pengamatan yaitu dalam kadar air, kadar abu, kadar gula reduksi, derajat keasaman (pH), kekenyalan, organoleptik rasa dan tekstur.

Berdasarkan hasil analisa statistik menunjukkan variasi konsentrasi rumput laut (Eucheuma cottonii) terhadap sifat fisik, kimia dan organoleptik pada permen jelly labu siam berpengaruh nyata terhadap kekenyalan, gula reduksi dan organoleptik tekstur akan tetapi tidak ada pengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, derajat keasaman (pH) dan uji organoleptik rasa. Permen jelly labu siam dengan perlakuan terbaik yang telah memenuhi SNI (3547.02-2008) adalah P2 dengan konsentrasi rumput laut 40% dari hasil analisis keputusan, dengan kadar air (6,69%), kadar abu (2,14%), pH (3,86), kadar gula reduksi (24,75%), kekenyalan (567,331 g/f) dan skor panelis rasa (3,33%) dan tekstur (3,67%).
BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK KUNYIT TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK FILLET IKAN BANDENG SELAMA PENYIMPANAN 24 JAM
Authors: Muhaeminan Muhaeminan , Haryati Sri , Sudjatinah Maria
Published: October 2022

Tingginya nilai gizi pada ikan bandeng menjadikan ikan ini berpotensi sebagai salah satu sumber makanan untuk manusia. Pada umumnya konsumen menghendaki ikan segar, padahal ikan termasuk komoditas yang sangat mudah busuk (highly perishable). Kunyit berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai pengawet alami. Senyawa bioaktif yang berperan sebagai antimikrobia adalah minyak atsiri, kurkumin, desmetoksikumin dan bidestometoksikumin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak kunyit ekstrak kunyit terhadap kadar air, kadar protein, kadar lemak, tekstur, TPC, dan organoleptik (warna dan aroma) pada fillet ikan bandeng dan untuk mengetahui perlakuan terbaik. Penelitian menggunakan metode experimental design Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu factor yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak kunyit yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dengan 4 kali ulangan, yaitu P1 (Perendaman ekstrak kunyit 5%), P2 (Perendaman ekstrak kunyit 10%), P3 (Perendaman ekstrak kunyit 15%), P4 (Perendaman ekstrak kunyit 20%), P5 (Perendaman ekstrak kunyit 25%). 

Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (p<0.05) terhadap variabel pengamatan kadar protein, kadar lemak, dan organoleptik (warna dan aroma), tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0.05) terhadap variabel pengamatan kadar air, tekstur, dan TPC. P4 adalah perlakuan terbaik dengan kadar air 65,9850%, kadar protein 19.3979%; lemak 7.9669%, tekstur 1.289,523 mm.g/dt, TPC 6,937 log CFU/ml, skor warna 4.004.00 (Kuning, cemerlang, sedikit mengkilap, lendir jernih) dan skor aroma 4.10 (Segar, sedikit aroma kunyit).

 
Karakteristik Fisikokimia Dan Organoleptik Fruit Leather Semangka Kuning (Citrullus Lanatus) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi CMC
Authors: Fitriana Ika , Putri Soraya Kusuma , Sari Anisa Rachma
Published: October 2022

Semangka (Citrullus lanatus) merupakan buah yang disukai oleh sebagian masyarakat Indonesia karena rasanya yang manis dan segar serta banyak mengandung air. Fruit  leather  dapat dijadikan alternatif olahan pangan yang memiliki daya simpan tinggi (hingga 12 bulan). Produk ini dibuat dari bahan dasar buah, dengan bentuk hancuran buah (puree) yang sudah dikeringkan dalam oven. Pembuatan fruit  leather  dari semangka perlu dilakukan penambahan zat penstabil karena berguna untuk meningkatkan tingkat viskositas, mencegah terjadinya sineresis serta untuk memberi rasa manis. Carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) merupakan zat penstabil yang biasa digunakan dalam produk makanan atau minuman yang berasal dari buah-buahan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) satu faktorial yaitu kadar CMC dengan 5 level (0,5%; 0,75%; 1%; 1,25%; 1,5%). Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 4 kali. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan konsentrasi CMC akan menghasilkan perbedaan pada beberapa parameter seperti:  Viskositas fruit  leather  yaitu berkisar antara 11461,33-3984,67 Cp, kadar air  yaitu 16,45-21, 23%bb dan tensile   strength  yaitu  1,26-2,76.  Hasil skoring dari analisa sensori menunjukkan warna fruit  leather  semangka adalah kuning, tekstur pada tiga sampel terasa lunak, satu sampel terasa agak lunak serta satu sampel lainnya terasa keras. Penilaian skoring terhadap rasa fruit leather semangka menunjukkan tiga sampel terasa manis dan dua sampel terasa kurang manis. Secara keseluruhan pada hasil tingkat kesukaan menunjukkan panelis suka terhadap 3 sampel yang diujikan, dan merasa kurang suka terhadap 2 sampel yang diujikan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penambahan konsentrasi CMC  dalam pembuatan fruit  leather  dari semangka kuning akan meningkatkan viskositas, kadar air, dan tensile   strength  dari produk, serta pada uji sensori menunjukkan sampel dengan konsentrasi CMC 0,75% memiliki tingkat tekstur, rasa dan kesukaan yang tinggi.
Potensi Ekstrak Daun Insulin (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray) Terhadap Profil Kadar Glukosa Darah, Kadar Malondialdehid dan Histologi Islet Langerhans Pankreas Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) Hiperglikemik
Authors: Sari Anisa Rachma , Saraswati Tyas Rini , Yuniwarti Enny Yusuf Wachidah
Published: October 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease with high risk. This disease can be caused by an increase in free radicals in the body. Free radicals in the body can be detected by testing malondialdehyde levels. The increase in free radicals can cause damage to the pancreatic islet Langerhans so that insulin ability is reduced. The reduced ability of insulin causes hyperglycemic conditions, which are the first symptoms of DM. The use of medicinal plants is widely used by the community as an alternative treatment for this disease. The insulin leaf plant (Tithonia diversifolia) is empirically used by the public as an antihyperglycemic drug. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of insulin and glibenclamide leaf extracts to reduce the level of free radicals in hyperglycemic conditions and to describe their ability to repair Langerhans islets damaged by toxic substances so that the blood glucose levels of hyperglycemic rats could return to normal. Hyperglycemic rats were obtained by injecting alloxan monohydrate at a dose of 150 mg/ BW of rats into male Rattus norvegicus intraperitoneally. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), with four treatments with five replications each, namely group P1 as control mice, group P2 as hyperglycemic rats given 10 mg/ BW dose of glibenclamide/day, group P3 as hyperglycemic rats. who were given insulin leaf extract at a dose of 150 mg/ BW rats /day and group P4 as hyperglycemic rats who were given insulin leaf extract at a dose of 300 mg/ BW rats /day. The results showed that the administration of insulin leaf extract at a dose of 300 mg/ BW for rats/day was able to make blood glucose levels significantly different, but the malondialdehyde levels were not significantly different than control rats. In addition, administration of insulin leaf extract at a dose of 300 mg/ BW rats/day to hyperglycemic rats was also able to improve the condition of the Langerhans pancreatic islet towards conditions like control rats. The improvement in the condition of Langerhans pancreatic islet is indicated by the cell nucleus that is colored dark blue with more regular shapes.