bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Species and New Records of Otidea from China Based on Molecular and Morphological Data
Authors: Xu Yu-Yan , Mao Ning , Yang Jia-Jia , Fan Li
Published: March 2022

Species of genus Otidea previously reported in China are mainly distributed in the northeast, northwest and southwest regions of China, but the species diversity of Otidea in north China is not very clear. In this study, newly collected Otidea specimens from northern China and some herbarium specimens deposited in three important Chinese fungus herbaria (HMAS, HKAS, HMJAU) were studied using morphological and phylogenetic methods. The internal transcribed spacers of the nrDNA (ITS), the nrRNA 28S subunit (nrLSU), the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α), and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2), were employed to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships between Otidea species. Results identified 16 species of Otidea, of which seven new species are described, namely O.aspera, O.cupulata, O. filiformis, O.khakicolorata, O. parvula, O.plicara and O.purpureobrunnea. Otidea bicolor and O. pruinosa are synonymized as O. subpurpurea. Two species, O. mirabilis and O. nannfeldtii, are being reported for the first time in China. The occurrence of O. bufonia, O. leporina and O. onotica are confirmed by molecular data in China.
L’hostilité des éléments cosmiques, d’Homère à Empédocle
Authors: Herrero de Jáuregui Miguel
Published: March 2022

Empedocles describes in fragment 115 DK the punishment of the daimon : wandering in exile from the realm of the gods in a permanent rotation through all four elements. It has been proposed that the image of a cathartic journey through the elements may have been inspired by mystic rituals. However, poetic tradition offers a better key to understand such image : already in the Iliad the elements are in charge of guaranteeing oaths, and hence, of punishing perjury ; moreover, the correspondences with Homer’s Odyssey that have been recognized in several Empedoclean passages suggest the resonances that fr. 115 would have had in the minds of the audience. The cosmic journey of the daimon is associated with Odysseus’ wanderings pursued by the four elements in books 5 and 12 of the Odyssey. Fr. 115 has, therefore, two levels of reference : Hesiod’s Theogony is Empedocles’ model for the perjury and exile from the gods, while the Odyssey is the reference for the wandering through hostile elements. The fall of the daimon is thus reflected as the fall from poetry about the gods to poetry about men.
Injecter ou extraire ? Sens prédictible et sens attesté de πυουλκός « pyulque »
Authors: Perrier-Rousseau Nathalie
Published: March 2022

When interpreting the names of medical instruments, one is usually facing two difficulties : medical texts rarely specify the tool to be used for one or another treatment, and even more rarely offer a description of it. Hence the structure of these names may be considered as a decisive clue to their meaning. As such, πυουλκός ‘pyoulcos’ might seem to be a typical example, since its predictable meaning, ‘pus extractor’, is confirmed in the description of the instrument provided by Heron of Alexandria’s Pneumatics. However, a careful study of the texts in which πυουλκός occurs, and especially of a difficult passage of Galen’s Method of Medicine (10.340 Kühn), shows no evidence of use of this tool corresponding to its name ; in addition to this, it is mostly used for injecting purposes. These observations allow us to formulate a hypothesis concerning the origin of the term πυουλκός ; moreover, this exemplary case of discrepancy between the name of an object and its function contributes to emphasize the caution required while assessing the motivation of ancient terms, given the permanence, throughout the centuries, of denominations, which are subject to loss as well as gain of semantic compositionality (resp. demotivation and remotivation).
Study of DNA/RNA Aggregation Linked to Cadmium Oxide (CdO) Nanoparticles by Aryl Mercaptanes with Various Chain Length
Authors: Heidari Alireza
Published: March 2022

CdO nanoparticles show a strong peak of Plasmon absorption in ultraviolet-visible zone. A strong interaction exists between the surface of CdO nanoparticles and aryl mercaptan compounds. Aryl mercaptan compounds cause to aggregation of CdO nanoparticles linked to DNA/RNA and hence, lead to widening of peak Plasmon of CdO nanoparticles surface at 550 (nm) and emerging a new peak at higher wavelength. In the current project, this optical characteristic of CdO nanoparticles is used to time investigate of interaction between different aryl mercaptanes and CdO nanoparticles. The results were shown that aryl mercaptan compounds with shorter chain length interact faster with CdO nanoparticles. Therefore, a simple and fast method for identification of aryl mercaptanes with various chain length using red shift in surficial Plasmon absorption is presented.
On the Widespread Impact of the Most Prolific Countries in Special Education Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Sezgin Aslıhan , Orbay Keziban , Orbay Metin
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study is to identify the most prolific countries in the field of special education and to discuss the widespread impact of their papers by taking into account the country’s h-index. Through a bibliometric analysis, the data were collected in the Web of ScienceCore Collection category “Education, Special” in the Social Science Citation Index during 2011-2020. The 25 most prolific countries in the field of special education were determined in terms of paper productivity, and it was seen that the leading country was undisputedly the USA (54.42%). Meanwhile, a strong positive correlation was found between the h-index and the number of papers published by the countries (r=0.864). On the other hand, when the ranking in terms of the number of papers was reconfigured by the h-index, it was relatively changed. The possible reasons for this change for the countries with the most changing rankings were discussed by considering some definitive criteria such as the journal quartiles, the percentage of international and domestic, and the percentage of open access papers.This study reports a positive correlation between the quality and quantity in the field of special education for the publications of countries. It has been shown that where the positive correlation deviates, then especially, the journal quartiles, the percentage of international collaboration and the percentage of open access papers have a significant effect. The bibliometric findings may be useful to enrich the discussion about the widespread impact of papers and debate whether the use of h-index is acceptable for cross-national comparisons.
The Views of Pre-Service Turkish Language Teachers on their Careers and Career Plans
Authors: Karabulut Ahmet
Published: March 2022

Education is of great importance for all individuals in a society from the very beginning. Individuals have regarded education as the most important way to achieve their goals. In this context, university education, which prepares individuals to work life, has an important place in all societies. However, although individuals start university with great hopes, after a while, concerns and question marks about the future begin. At this point, activities that will contribute to the effective career planning of university students and guiding them on become important. The aim of the present study was to analyze the views of pre-service Turkish language teachers on their careers and career plans. Phenomenology, one of qualitative research methods, was adopted in the study. The study group included 64 pre-service teachers studying at Turkish Language Education department in a large-scale university in the east of Turkey. An interview form which included 4 open-ended questions and was developed by the researcher was used to collect data. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The findings demonstrated that the majority of the participants did not have an effective career plan; they lacked knowledge on their respective fields of study, and their career plans generally focused on teaching and academic professions.
Trends of Teacher Professional Development Strategies: A Systematic Review
Authors: El Islami R Ahmad Zaky , Anantanukulwong Roseleena , Faikhamta Chatree
Published: March 2022

Professional development is important for all teachers to improve the quality of teaching. This study is aimed to investigate the trends of professional development strategy and learning outcome in 2015-2019. A systematic review was used in analyzing 267 articles published between 2015 and 2019 in the Teaching and Teacher Education. The findings showed that the trend of professional development strategy is more collaborative and using collegial learning environment, and the trend of learning outcomes which developed through PD programs is more focused on the ability to teach, ability to manage the classroom, and ability to understand the subject field. These findings suggest future studies to develop professional development programs with collaborative and collegial learning environments to develop learning outcomes on practicing new instructional strategies.
Peran Orangtua Terhadap Pemakaian Gadget pada Anak Dibawah Umur
Authors: Rhamadhani Yan Pria Imsyaki , Permana Fauzi , Kartini Annisa Tri , Ramadan Sendi
Published: March 2022

Gadgets are tools that are used to communicate or are also used to find information and much more. Gadgets should not be used by small children. Because the impact of using gadgets on small children is very bad for their psyche. Parents should accompany the child when holding the gadget. Provide education or provide other things besides gadgets. If small children are addicted to gadgets, it will be difficult to direct them. In this scientific paper, we use qualitative research methods and interview data collection techniques. The results of the research that has been done on the use of gadgets by children are that children will lose respect for their parents, children will always depend on gadgets, children will forget their health and always play their gadgets.
Impact of ultraviolet radiation on thermal protective performance and comfort
properties of firefighter protective clothing
Authors: MAZARI ADNAN , MAZARI FUNDA BUYUK , NAEEM JAWAD , HAVELKA ANTONIN , MARAHATTA PARASHANT
Published: March 2022

In this study, the impact of ultraviolet radiation is studied on thermal protective performance and clothing comfort
properties of firefighter protective clothing. Firefighter clothing assembly consists of the outer shell, moisture barrier and
thermal barrier. In this research, two different outer shells were utilized. Outer shell O1 consists of inherently fire-
retardant fibres mainly consisting of Conex (Nomex) and firefighter assembly having Conex as the outer shell was called
specimen A. On the other hand, clothing arrangement which employed Proban coated outer layer (O2) was termed as
specimen B. Both specimens were evaluated for tensile testing, air permeability, radiant heat transmission machine,
bending moment and water vapour resistance before and after exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The tensile strength
value of outer shell O2 was higher than that of O1 before and after exposure to UV radiation. Tensile strength values of
both outer shells O1 and O2 decline after exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Air permeability values of both outer shell O1
and O2 increase after being exposed to ultraviolet radiation. It was noted that specimen A has better thermal protective
performance as compared to specimen B, before and after exposure to UV radiation. Also, radiant heat transmission
index RHTI 24 values were greater for specimen A as compared to specimen B, before and after exposure to UV
radiation. Moreover, bending moment values for both outer shell O1 and O2 decline after being subjected to UV
radiation. Furthermore, Water vapour resistance values of outer shell O1 and outer shell O2 enhance after exposure to
ultraviolet radiation.
Effectiveness of electromagnetic shielding in the case of electromagnetic
shields based on ferromagnetic materials
Authors: AILENI RALUCA MARIA , MORARI CRISTIAN , TOMA DOINA , CHIRIAC LAURA
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a study concerning the effectiveness of electromagnetic shielding of textile structures coated with
ferromagnetic materials. For this scientific approach, 6 experimental models of composites-based fabrics with
electromagnetic properties were made by applying paste/dispersion based on polymeric matrices (polyvinyl alcohol
(PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)), copper microparticles (Cu), nickel (Ni), aluminium (Al), silver (Ag), and graphene
oxide (GO) using classical deposition (immersion, scraping) and ultrasonic technologies. The effectiveness of
electromagnetic shielding has been evaluated using a coaxial cell model TEM 2000, oscilloscope model MDO 3102,
power amplifier Model SMX5, signal generator type E8257D. The measurements were performed in the frequency range
0.1 MHz – 1 GHz and power 30 W. from all samples, the samples based PVA-Ni and PVA-Ni-Al exhibit pronounced
surface conductivity and increased effectiveness of electromagnetic shielding for low and high frequencies.
ANCOVA analysis of penetration force on Kevlar fabrics used for ballistic
protective equipment
Authors: DULGHERIU IONUT , IONESI SAVIN DORIN , AVADANEI MANUELA , HRISTIAN LILIANA , LOGHIN EMIL CONSTANTIN , BUHU LILIANA , IONESCU IRINA
Published: March 2022

The paper aims to highlight the existence of significant differences between the variation of the penetration force of three
groups of fabrics used for ballistic protective equipment in the function of the deformation arrow, using the ANCOVA
mathematical model with a nominal independent variable and a quantitative independent variable. The model included:
the dependent variable (Y) – the variation of the penetration force T (N); nominal independent variable – fabric group;
quantitative independent variable – deformation arrow, Δl (mm). This paper analyses the effect of the nominal
independent variable and the quantitative independent variable on the penetration force variation, using the ANCOVA
model. From the results obtained, through Tests of Be-tween-Subjects Effects, it is observed that the effect of the
nominal independent variable “fabric group” is significant and also the effect of the covariate “deformation arrow” is
significant. Interpreting the value of Sig < 0.05, it can be concluded that there are significant differences between the
variation of the penetration force deformation (alternative hypothesis H1 is accepted). This technique can be used later
to model the physical and mechanical properties of fabrics and to select the most appropriate fabrics to meet the
requirements of a particular field of use
Gangguan Makan pada Remaja Dipengaruhi Oleh Media Sosial Melalui Citra Tubuh Negatif
Authors: Tunga Tezsa Leonyka Esther
Published: March 2022

Pendahuluan; Remaja merupakan salah satu fase dalam kehidupan yang mengalami periode peralihan dengan disertai perubahan pada aspek fisik, kognitif dan sosio-emosional. Gangguan makan merupakan salah satu fenomena dalam fokus kesehatan masyarakat yang marak terjadi di usia remaja. Tujuan; untuk mengetahui pengaruh media sosial terhadap gangguan makan melalui citra tubuh. Metode; Metode telaah literatur dengan pendekatan PRISMA menggunakan 11 artikel yang relevan. Hasil; Media sosial mampu berimplikasi pada kejadian gangguan makan melalui citra tubuh negatif pada remaja, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan. Citra tubuh negatif yang dimiliki oleh remaja dapat terjadi karena penggunaan media sosial yang tidak dibatasi, baik dari segi intensitas maupun isi konten yang diakses dengan menampilkan bentuk tubuh yang dianggap ideal yang lekat dengan kesan kurus dan berbentuk. Kesimpulan dan rekomendasi; Pengaruh yang diberikan media sosial melalui citra tubuh negatif terhadap gangguan makan dapat direkomendasikan untuk dilakukan intervensi berupa peningkatan literasi penggunaan media sosial sehingga tidak menimbulkan efek negatif terhadap pola pikir dan sikap remaja..
Surface potential and local conductivity measurements of micropatterned aromatic monolayers covalently attached to n-Si(111) via Si–C and Si–O bonds
Authors: Garcia Maria Carmela T. , Utsunomiya Toru , Ichii Takashi , Sugimura Hiroyuki
Published: March 2022

The surface potentials and local conductivity of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed using aromatic molecules covalently bonded to n-type silicon (111) via Si–C and Si–O bonds were measured using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and conductive AFM (CAFM). Surface potential measurements were done using micropatterned SAMs with hexadecyl SAM as a reference to eliminate surface potential variations due to the cantilever tips. Micropatterning was conducted via vacuum ultraviolet photolithography at λ = 172 nm. Ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, static water contact angle and atomic force microscopy tests show that the aromatic SAMs were well-organized despite the short molecular lengths of the precursors. KPFM results show that Si–C bonded SAMs have higher surface potentials compared to Si–O SAMs, which is in agreement with dipole moments estimated by Molecular Orbital Package semi-empirical computations. CAFM scans showed conductive domains for the aromatic SAM regions, and Si–O SAMs exhibited a higher current than Si–C SAMs.
Smart and Automated Agricultural Management System Using IoT
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, Kanchipuram (Tamil Nadu), India., Thamaraiselvi Dr. D , Krishna R A V S R Vamsi ,   B.E Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, Kanchipuram (Tamil Nadu), India., Hemateja Segu ,   B.E Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, Kanchipuram (Tamil Nadu), India.
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, one can observe the arrival of several mechanical techniques in the agricultural sector. To make the technology accessible to everyone at an affordable cost and to diminish workload for farmers by making it easier to control and understandable, there should be the presence of new technology and it is IoT, which is elaborated as Internet of Things. Usually, Internet of Things is defined as the number of gadgets are connected through wireless networks such as Wi-Fi, SIM networks, etc. IoT technology in the agricultural sector might create wonders by reducing the burden for farmers in a great way. Using IoT (Internet of Things), modern wireless devices can be constructed at an affordable cost to farmers across the country. Therefore, farmers could gain high productivity as the tasks are getting easier as well as being completed within a short period. This paper centers around the job of the Internet of Things in agribusiness that prompts brilliant cultivating. The modern technology named IoT not only shows the impact in the agricultural field but also provides several functionalities in other fields. The point of this undertaking is to propose IOT based Smart and Automated Agricultural Management System that records the data of moisture, temperature, humidity, heat index, and water level. In Smart and Automated Agricultural Management System, soil moisture sensor, DHT11 sensor, water-level sensor, and Arduino technology are utilized to simplify tasks by controlling the parameters of crop moisture content, environmental temperatures at appropriate times through the mobile application called Blynk with secured working.
Produksi Video Profil Campus Ministry untuk Memecahkan Problem Komunikasi di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Krisdinanto Nanang , Chandra Christopher
Published: March 2022

Datangnya pandemi Covid-19 membuat Campus Ministry Universitas Kampus Widya Mandala Surabaya (UKWMS) memiliki problem komunikasi terhadap segenap warga kampus yang dilayaninya. Padahal, keberadaan Campus Ministry sebagai salah satu unit layanan di kampus UKWMS amat penting,  karena unit ini bertugas melayani warga kampus di bidang kerohanian atau keagamaan. Selama ini, Campus Ministry belum memiliki sarana komunikasi yang bisa disebarkan secara digital sebagai salah satu solusi komunikasi di masa pandemi. Karena itu, program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan mengajak Campus Ministry sebagai mitra untuk memproduksi video profil untuk dijadikan sebagai media komunikasi dan promosi di masa pandemi. Kegiatan ini selama empat bulan (September – Desember 2021) dengan melibatkan Tim Abdimas (yang terdiri atas dosen dan mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Komunikasi UKWMS) bersama tim dari Campus Ministry sebagai mitra. Program ini dijalankan melalui empat tahapan, yaitu pra-produksi, produksi, pasca-produksi, dan evaluasi. Luaran yang dihasilkan adalah video profil Campus Ministry yang bisa digunakan sebagai media komunikasi dan promosi yang disebarkan melalui media sosial seperti Instagram, Youtube, maupun Facebook. Melalui program ini, Campus Ministry mendapatkan solusi atas problem komunikasi atau promosi yang dlalami selama masa pandemi.

Kata Kunci: Video Profil, Campus Ministry, Problem Komunikasi, Pandemi.
CLIMATE CHANGE, THE STATE AND PEASANT RESPONSE TO MODERN FISH FARMING PRACTICES: A CASE STUDY OF KAIAMA TOWN IN KOLOKUMA/OPOKUMA LGA OF BAYELSA STATE
Authors: ATANI EBIERE LYNSA
Published: March 2022

This paper interrogated the adoption of modern fish farming practice (MFFP) in Kaiama town in Kolokuma/Opokuma Local Government Area of Bayelsa, in the context of climate change and other environmental effects. The strudy was designed a case study and combined this with multi-stage and purposive sampling methods. Primary data was collected through the instrumentality of semi-structured interviews. The findings show that the response of peasdants and the state to policies on new fishing methods is low.
POVERTY AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE NIGER DELTA 2013-2018
Authors: ANGALAPU DENGIYEFA , BILA DITON
Published: March 2022

This paper set out to examine the nexus between poverty and climate change in the Niger Delta. Based on the theory of Social Production and Time-Series research design, it found out that, the Niger Delta is bedridden by endemic poverty and that has entrenched certain practices that cause environmental degradation. The foregoing has made the attainment of sustainable development appear vague thereby worsening the impact of climate change in the region. Thus, the paper recommended that government should make concerted efforts toward the implementation of poverty reduction programmes in the region as there is a strong nexus between poverty reduction, environmental sustainability and climate change.
CLIMATE CHANGE, CORRUPTION AND INSTITUTUTIONAL FAILURE
Authors: IKPORUKPO IYABRADE , ANGALAPU DENGIYEFA
Published: March 2022

This study examined the linkage between corruption, institutional failure and the Nigerian State poor response to climate change. The study adopted Structural-Functionalism as its theoretical framework while the methodology involved the Time-Series research design. Data was gathered basically from secondary sources. The study focused on the Niger Delta due to the its peculiar characteristics and susceptibility to the impacts of climate. The study found out that corruption has led to the failure of institutions responsible for managing the impacts of climate change in the region, and subsequently recommended that there should be strict supervision of funds meant for climate change, while those involved in corrupt practices should be punished to serve as a deterrent to others.
CULTURAL DRIVERS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION OF NIGERIA
Authors: JACK JACKSON T.C.B
Published: March 2022

This study examined cultural drivers of climate change in the Niger Delta. Anchored on the risk society theory and relying on both primary and secondary sources of data, the study demonstrated that climate change in the region is exacerbated by attitudinal and behavioral dispositions associated with negative environmental consumption patterns that are deeply rooted in and sustained by predominant cultural values, norms and practices. The study recommended that behavioral change especially through the promotion of a culture of sustainable natural resource utilization is expedient in mitigating climate change impacts in the Niger Delta. This can be achieved by mainstreaming mitigation and adaptation policies to address cultural and behavioral practices that intensify climate change and its impacts in the region.
TOWN-CRYING FOR KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE TO NON-LITERATE RURAL PEOPLE IN NIGERIA
Authors: COCODIA JUDE , RUFUS ANTHONY
Published: March 2022

Prevailing studies on underdevelopment in the Niger Delta have focused on establishing the root causes of poverty in the region and draw correlations between oil exploitation and its associated impact on the environment. This study supports this view and goes beyond by investigating the connection between militancy and poverty in the NDR. While agitations for a fairer deal is the reason for militancy in the region, this paper argues that the violent approach of militant groups in engaging the Nigerian state is counter-productive to the goal of poverty reduction. Evidence from data collected for this study shows that the militant’s strategy of violence exacerbates poverty in the region due to its negative impact on the environment. While social analysis is used in the analyses of data, the downward spiral theory serves as the framework of this research.
Multiple User Behavior Learning for Enhancing Interactive Image Retrieval
Authors: Cheung Yiu-ming , Chan Sheung Wai
Published: March 2022

The existing image retrieval approaches focus on the behavior of a single user only in each query without considering the correlation of the behaviors of multiple users in performing similar queries. In fact, users would have similar behaviors while they have similar expectations during queries. Accordingly, this paper therefore proposes the interactive image retrieval framework with the Similar Behavior Learning model. The framework consists of two stages. In the first stage, the framework retrieves images with the content-based feature vector as preliminary query result for user selection. In the second stage, the SBL model determines the similarity of the user behavior and annotates label code to the selected images instantly. The images are indexed by label code can be retrieved more efficiently. Meanwhile, the selected images in preliminary result are used as additional information for retrieving better results at the end of the current query. Experiments show the promising results.
The transfer distance of maximum power increase 0.1 mm in parity-time symmetry wireless power transfer circuit
Authors: zeng lunwu
Published: March 2022

Utilizing current controlled voltage source (CCVS), we obtain negative effective resistance, design wireless power transfer circuit of parity-time (PT) symmetry and obtain the conditions of the PT symmetry circuits. According to PT symmetry theory, we obtain PT symmetry broken point (PTSBP). We experimentally investigate wireless power transfer at various frequency including the frequency of PTSBP and magnetic resonance. The experimental results show that the transfer distance of maximum power increase 0.1 mm at the frequency of PTSBP than that at the frequency of magnetic resonance.
Con-Detect: Detecting Adversarially Perturbed Natural Language Inputs to Deep Classifiers Through Holistic Analysis
Authors: Ali Hassan , Khan Muhammad Suleman , AlGhadhban Amer , Alazmi Meshari , Alzamil Ahmad , AlUtaibi Khaled , Qadir Junaid
Published: March 2022

Deep Learning (DL) algorithms have shown wonders in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks such as language-to-language translation, spam filtering, fake-news detection, and comprehension understanding. However, research has shown that the adversarial vulnerabilities of deep learning networks manifest themselves when DL is used for NLP tasks. Most mitigation techniques proposed to date are supervised—relying on adversarial retraining to improve the robustness—which is impractical. This work introduces a novel, unsupervised detection methodology for detecting adversarial inputs to NLP classifiers. In summary, we note that minimally perturbing an input to change a model’s output—a major strength of adversarial attacks—is a weakness that leaves unique statistical marks reflected in the cumulative contribution scores of the input. Particularly, we show that the cumulative contribution score, called CF-score, of adversarial inputs is generally greater than that of the clean inputs. We thus propose Con-Detect—a Contribution based Detection method—for detecting adversarial attacks against NLP classifiers. Con-Detect can be deployed with any classifier without having to retrain it. We experiment with multiple attackers—Text-bugger, Text-fooler, PWWS—on several architectures—MLP, CNN, LSTM, Hybrid CNN-RNN, BERT—trained for different classification tasks—IMDB sentiment classification, fake-news classification, AG news topic classification—under different threat models—Con-Detect-blind attacks, Con-Detect-aware attacks, and Con-Detect-adaptive attacks—and show that Con-Detect can reduce the attack success rate (ASR) of different attacks from 100% to as low as 0% for the best cases and =70% for the worst case. Even in the worst case, we note a 100% increase in the required number of queries and a 50% increase in the number of words perturbed, suggesting that Con-Detect is hard to evade.
Real-time intraoperative surgical guidance system in the da Vinci surgical robot based on transrectal ultrasound/photoacoustic imaging with photoacoustic markers: an ex vivo demonstration
Authors: Song Hyunwoo , Moradi Hamid , Jiang Baichuan , xu keshuai , Wu Yixuan , Taylor Russell , Deguet Anton , Kang Jin U. , Salcudean Septimiu , Boctor Emad M.
Published: March 2022

This paper introduces an integrated real-time intraoperative surgical guidance system, in which an endoscope camera of da Vinci surgical robot and a transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) transducer are co-registered using photoacoustic markers that are detected in both fluorescence (FL) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging. The co-registered system enables the TRUS transducer to track the laser spot illuminated by a pulsed-laser-diode attached to the surgical instrument, providing both FL and PA images of the surgical region-of- interest (ROI). As a result, the generated photoacoustic marker is visualized and localized in the da Vinci endoscopic FL images, and the corresponding tracking can be conducted by rotating the TRUS transducer to display the PA image of the marker. A quantitative evaluation revealed that the average registration and tracking errors were 0.84 mm and 1.16°, respectively. This study shows that the co-registered photoacoustic marker tracking can be effectively deployed intraoperatively using TRUS+PA imaging providing functional guidance of the surgical ROI.
Learning Stochastic Adaptive Control using a Bio-Inspired Experience Replay
Authors: CHAFFRE Thomas , SANTOS paulo , LE CHENADEC Gilles , CHAUVEAU Estelle , CLEMENT Benoit , Sammut Karl
Published: March 2022

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)
methods are dominating the field of adaptive control where they are used to
adapt the controller response to disturbances. Nevertheless, the usage of these
methods on physical platforms is still limited due to their data inefficiency
and the performance drop when facing unseen process variations. This is
particularly perceived in the Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) context as
studied here, where the process observability is limited. To be effective,
DRL-based AUV control systems require the use of methods that are
data-efficient (in order to reach a satisfactory behavior with a sufficiently
fast response time) and are resilient (to ensure robustness to severe changes
in operating conditions). With this ambition, we study in this paper the effect
of the Experience Replay (ER) mechanism on the performance variation of a
DRL-based stochastic adaptive controller. We propose a new ER method (denoted
as BIER) that takes inspiration from the biological Replay Mechanism and
compare it to the standard method denoted as CER. We apply it to the Soft
Actor-Critic, a maximum entropy DRL algorithm, for use with an AUV maneuvering
task that consists in stabilizing the vehicle at a given velocity and pose. The
training results show that our BIER method exceeds the performance of the
nonadaptive optimal model-based counterpart of the controller in less than half
the number of episodes compared to CER. We proposed different evaluation
scenarios of increasing complexity as measured by desired velocity value and
amplitude of current disturbance. Our results suggest that the BIER method
achieves improved learning stability and better generalization abilities.
THD optimization in 15-level asymmetric reduced switch count multilevel PV inverter using optimization algorithms
Authors:   School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India, Kumar Devineni Gireesh , Ganesh Aman ,   School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India, Bhoopal Neerudi ,   Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, B V Raju Institute of Technology, Narsapur, Telangana, India.
Published: March 2022

Philosophers and industries have focused on designing multilevel inverters, which use significantly fewer power switches and dc sources to achieve high power, low switching, and less harmonic output distortion for medium voltage applications. Even so, these multilevel inverters have some downsides like the use of many electronic components, electromagnetic interference (EMI), bulky driver circuit complexity, significant reverse recovery times, and voltage balancing issues. A modern asymmetrical multilevel inverter with fewer switches and drivers than standard topology is introduced in this article. The powerful analogy addresses traditional inverter topologies of a similar structure. The proposed MLI is relatively simple and easy to extend for many output levels. The proposed design of MLI is implemented for 15 level output with precise and high-quality near sinusoidal waveform using seven switches, three dc sources and three diodes and hence the volume, cost and driver circuit complexity is considerably reduced. The novelty in the proposed topology is that reduced ON state semiconductor switching devices. The output of the MLI is evaluated with the parameter of total harmonic distortion (THD). To minimize the THD, optimization algorithms such as GA, PSO, WOA and HHA were implemented at fundamental switching PWM control method. The comparative analysis of these algorithms on proposed inverter performance is integral for this research. The efficacy of this topology enhances the integration of renewable energy sources.
Uma virada vital-praxiológica na formação indisciplinar de educadores
Authors: Miguel Antonio , Tamayo Carolina , Souza Elizabeth Gomes , Monteiro Alexandrina
Published: March 2022

Neste artigo, com base nos trabalhos de Wittgenstein, apresentamos uma imagem de matemáticaS que permite desconstruir discursos colonialistas que as veem como um saber unitário, universal, lógico-formal, abstrato e neutro a ditar normas deterministas para o mundo vital-praxiológico, bem como consideramos outro modo de se fazer as matemáticaS participarem de uma formação indisciplinar de educadores orientada por uma ética-política decolonial que promova a diversidade de formas de vida e a convivência colaborativa e democrática entre os seres naturais que as constituem. Como exemplo disso, descrevemos a prática cultural amazônica de garimpagem de ouro – que, em seus aspectos regrados orientados por propósitos normativos comunitários, poderia ser vista como uma matemática –, problematizando-a em seus efeitos e afetos ambientais, políticos, econômicos, sociais, sanitários, jurídicos, dentre outros.
(Des)construções curriculares para a formação inicial de professores que ensinam matemática: desafios e cenários de possibilidades para (re)existir
Authors: Passos Cármen Lúcia Blancaglion , Soares Flavia dos Santos
Published: March 2022

Apresentação do número especial da REMat com os trabalhos discutidos no Trabalho Encomendado do GT-19 na 40a Reunião da Anped.
Changes and dynamics of headwaters chemistry on the boundary of nature protected areas: Example of upper Blanice River catchment, Czechia
Authors: Fraindová Kateřina , Matoušková Milada , Kliment Zdeněk , Vlach Vojtěch
Published: March 2022

Changes of biogeochemical parameters in the context of long-term trends and different rainfall-runoff conditions were examined with a special focus on various catchment characteristics. The study area is situated in the upper part of the Blanice River catchment, where more than 77% of the area belongs to a Protected Landscape Area and is unique for the most abundant population of the critically endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) in Central Europe. The Mann-Kendall test revealed a decrease of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds at the catchment outlet since 2003. The principal component analysis divided nine study catchments into three main groups according to biogeochemical composition (natural, partly anthropogenically influenced, subsurface drainage). Changes of biogeochemical parameters during different runoff conditions revealed a higher release of aluminium, CODMn, dissolved organic carbon and total phosphorus during heavy precipitation event, which could have a negative effect on the vulnerable ecosystem including freshwater pearl mussel.
POST COVID-19: Digital Epistemology and Flexible Education in Digital Era
Authors: Chang López Roberto Enrique
Published: March 2022

This essay presents a strategy on school innovations supported by ICTs, MOOCs, and the internet in pedagogies as well as in learning modalities during and after COVID-19. A review of the literature on educational systems and innovation in educational quality and epistemology of digital education is included. Therefore, the problem is to flexibly rethink the internal processes of the school, but also to develop technological skills for both teachers and students in the transition from the traditional epistemological model to the digital one.
Traditional Chinese Medicine for Primary hypothyroidism: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:   Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiang Yuchang , Zhao Mao , Fan Zhipeng , Gan Zaili , Jiang Yong
Published: March 2022

Review question / Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Primary hypothyroidism, and to provide evidence for the treatment of Primary hypothyroidism with Traditional Chinese Medicine. Condition being studied: Primary hypothyroidism is a systemic hypometabolic syndrome in which TH deficiency or TH resistance is caused by the disease of the thyroid itself. TH replacement therapy, internationally recognized as the most effective treatment, has many disadvantages. Studies have shown that Traditional Chinese Medicine can effectively eliminate the symptoms of hypothyroidism and improve thyroid secretion. However, the validity of the results was low due to study limitations. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a systematic analysis of randomized controlled trials of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Primary hypothyroidism.
Defect Analysis and Development Strategy for Robusta Coffee of Tanahwulan Village, Indonesia
Authors: Savitri Dyah Ayu , Setiyono  , Novijanto Noer , Fajriati Rizka Maulida
Published: March 2022

Coffee is one of the worthy international trade commodities across countries. Coffee quality is strongly influenced by the behavior of farmers from cultivation, harvesting to processing results. The coffee commodity of Tanahwulan village has a unique character so that it has the potential to be developed further. This study aims to examine the defect of Robusta coffee in Tanahwulan village and its development strategy in the future. For this purpose, the defect analysis based of Indonesian National Standard was used to determine the quality of coffee. The SWOT analysis was also used to identify the development strategy of Tanahwulan village robusta coffee. The results showed that the value of coffee quality defects was at the level of random quality. The types of defects in coffee beans were black bean, partially black bean, broken black bean, brown bean, big size outer skin, medium size outer skin, parchment bean, big size parchment, medium size parchment, small size parchment, broken bean, immature bean , bean with one hole, bean with more than one hole, large sized twigs, dirt or stones and medium sized twigs, dirt or stones. The water content and antioxidant activity were 11% and 82.87%, respectively. The taste of brewed coffee has a final value of 75.5 with notes including chocolaty, spicy, dirty, and dark roast. Based on SWOT Analysis, to improve the Quality of Tanahwulan village robusta coffee, it is necessary to apply aggressive strategy or SO strategy. Therefore, this commodity  could empower the opportunities to exist.
Relaxing Effects of Paracetamol on Uterine Spontaneous Contraction in Rats in Vitro
Authors: ERCAN Zübeyde , ZORLU Gökhan , BULMUŞ Özgür , SERHATLIOĞLU İhsan , YAŞAR Abdullah , KACAR Emine
Published: March 2022

Aim: Paracetamol is a commonly used drug in acute and chronic pain. It is known that paracetamol, which is a pain reliever and antipyretic drug, is safe to use during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of paracetamol on the uterine smooth muscle contraction- relaxation mechanism in female rats in diestrus.Material and Methods: Wistar-albino intact female rats were used in the study. Longitudinal strips of myometrium obtained from animals at the diestroeus stage. Stripes were suspended in an isolated organ bath containing crebs solution under 1 g passive tension. After the regulation period, paracetamol were added non-cumulatively at 1000μM and 2000μM concentrations. Before and after the application, the area under the curve (AUC) and peak to peak (p-p) values were normalized as % change.Results: Paracetamol caused a statistically significant decrease in p-p and area under the curve parameters of spontaneous uterine contractions at 1000 and 2000 μM doses (p <0.001).Conclusion: Paracetamol causes uterine relaxation by inhibiting uterine contraction. This effect should be taken into account in clinical use.
Diffusion MRI Evaluation of Vitreous Humor Changes in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients
Authors: ÜNLÜ Serkan , ILGAR Mehtap
Published: March 2022

Aim: The objective of this study was to use diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to determine changes in the vitreous humor in diabetic retinopathy patients.Materials and Methods: All diabetic retinopathy patients over the age of 18 who had brain diffusion magnetic resonance imaging between May 1, 2019, and May 1, 2021, and whose images were available in the radiological information system were retrospectively scanned on our database. The study included 51 diabetic retinopathy patients and 51 non-diabetic control group patients. The t-test was used to compare the values of the vitreous humor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in diabetic retinopathy patients with control group patients.Results: Patients with diabetic retinopathy had significantly higher minimum, median, and maximum ADC mean values in the right eye than the control group (p=0.011, p=0.007, p=0.026). Patients with diabetic retinopathy had significantly higher median and maximum ADC averages in the left eye than those in the control group (p=0.020, p=0.012). Although the mean minimum ADC of the left eye was higher in diabetic retinopathy patients than in the control group, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.387).Conclusion: Because of the rise in ADC values in diabetic retinopathy patients compared to the normal control group, we detected that DWI could be used to assess if the vitreous humor is affected in this disease.
Role of Technology & Importance in Tracking Healthcare Services
Authors: Vaisshalli G.R. , Gupta Apar
Published: March 2022

The most fundamental expectation from the healthcare sector is that it provides a safe and reliable environment to serve patients. Medical supplies and equipment have also improved with technological advancements, making them easier to use, providing a better experience, and increasing their longevity. With advancement in technology, medical services can also be tracked for efficiency.
Retailers Preference towards Various Brands of Shampoo in Sivakasi
Authors: Vasantham Dr.S.Tephillah , Shanmugapriya B.
Published: March 2022

Shampoos shed a wide role in beauty products. Twenty years back, half over the beauty objects like shampoos were regarded as luxuries. But now, those bear grow to be so necessary piece goods in imitation of the consumers. Everybody wishes after hold a tidy then stunning hair, then that he are the use of shampoos as help to maintain a fair yet healthful hair. Today the shampoo marketplace is very jam-packed or geared up because of labor then consequently numerous businesses are making an attempt in accordance with seize the demand together with their modern-day expertise. Each invention is various via excellence, cost, perfume, volume, wrapping. This paper aims after recognize touching the Retailer’s desire closer to a range of manufacturers of shampoo. The goal about the assignment is according to discipline the factors influencing the choice concerning shampoo products between retailers. For that study, 112 shops had been viewed as sample. The data is collected using a structured questionnaire. Here, the records gathered thru questionnaire was analyzed using equipment existing in SPSS software. They were enquired touching the fast shifting shampoo, focus or preferences concerning shampoo products. For the evaluation purpose, statistical equipment and strategies kind of Chi-Square, Regression yet Weighted Average are used. Many shops were conscious on shampoo products. Retailers make buy of shampoo products majorly out of the distributors. They are extraordinarily cozy together with their retailers. The speedy shifting shampoo is health center summation into dominance concerning retail access with the SKU’s on sachets. Among the retailers, they particularly opt for branded or quickly transferring shampoo in their retail outlet. They are noticeably comfy with the quantity, quality, shipping of manufacture regarding age without somebody damage, advertisement on shampoo accomplish shops to advise the product in imitation of customers, base potential customers,is an added advantage, though the outlets section a excellent kin with the clients yet distributors. Making excellent counsel including educated distributor helps them within after period condition even is bitch between product, namely it offers to them excessive satisfaction.