bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of employee background on perceived organizational justice: managerial implications
Authors: Tessema Mussie T , Tsegai Goitom , Ready Kathryn , Embaye Abel , Windrow Brian
Published: May 2014

The study examines the effect employee background (gender, education level and affiliation to the government) on organizational justice perceptions using the three-factor model (distributive, procedural and interactional justice). Selected demographic and attitudinal data were collected from a sample of 313 employees representing 10 public organizations. The findings of this study show that gender had a significant effect on distributive and interactional justice but not procedural justice; education level had a significant effect on distributive and procedural justice but not interactional justice; and affiliation to the government had a significant effect on all the three dimensions of justice. Managerial implications of these findings and future research directions are also discussed.

Points for practitioners

Gaining a better insight into the effects of demographic factors (gender, education level and affiliation to the government) on the three dimensions of organizational justice indicates to policymakers and public managers where improvements can be made, and helps them to develop strategies and policies that could improve the perceived justice. Another important implication of this study for countries emerging from a civil war, liberation struggle or other similar conflict (for example, South Sudan, Libya, Afghanistan) is regarding converting former fighters into civil servants and their management afterwards. It is crucial to provide them employment opportunities in a civil service provided that they are placed based on the principle of the right persons on the right positions and then treat them as equal as their counterparts: non-ex-fighter civil servants. They only need to be given some (special) kind of training (at the beginning) that expedites their socialization and integration into the main stream way of thinking and doing things.
Five Configurations for Scaling Up Social Innovation
Authors: Westley Frances , Antadze Nino , Riddell Darcy J. , Robinson Kirsten , Geobey Sean
Published: May 2014

Why do so many social innovations fail to have a broad impact? Successful social entrepreneurs and nonprofit organizations often “scale out” innovative solutions to local problems in order to affect more communities or numbers of individuals. When faced with institutional barriers, they are motivated to “scale up” their efforts to challenge the broader institutional rules that created the problem. In doing so, they must reorient their own and their organizations’ strategies, becoming institutional entrepreneurs in the process. This article proposes a contextual model of pathways for system change consisting of five different configurations of key variables and informed by qualitative interview data from selected nonprofit organizations. The authors argue that the journey from social to institutional entrepreneurship takes different configurations depending on the initial conditions of the innovative initiatives. Despite an expressed desire to engage in system change, efforts are often handicapped by the variables encountered during implementation.
An interview with Rowan Williams
Authors: McCluskey Kirsty Jane
Published: May 2014

Living and working on the margins of society in sixteenth-century Spain, Teresa of Avila was an extraordinarily gifted writer, mystic and reformer. In conversation, Rowan Williams elucidates some of the most complex and difficult aspects of Teresa's life and work: her self-representation and the silences in her narrative; the reality of her transcendent experience; and the interpersonal, societal and gender relations implicit in her body of work.
The priest as ‘defender of the poor’
Authors: Houghton Josephine
Published: May 2014

The declaration that priests are to ‘defend the poor' is new to the Common Worship ordinal but there is the latent assumption in earlier ordinals that ministry among those who are materially poor is part of priestly ministry. In this paper I use the four-fold Eucharistic action of taking, blessing, breaking and distribution as a framework for offering some reflection on the call to priests to ‘defend the poor'.
What Is Radical Historicism?
Authors: Bevir Mark
Published: May 2014

This article responds to Stephen Turner’s discussion of my article, “Historicism and Critique.” I emphasize that radical historicism consists of substantive philosophical commitments. One commitment is to a historicized epistemology that presents objective knowledge as a product of a comparison between rival webs of belief. Another commitment is to a historical ontology that presents aggregate concepts in the social sciences as inherently pragmatic. These substantive commitments provide a plausible basis for various forms of critique. They lead to analyses of genealogical and ideological critique that differ from appeals to genealogy as a kind of groundless skepticism toward, and problematization of, all substantive commitments.
“Those Things That Jesus Had Begun to Do and Teach”: Narrative Christology and Incarnational Ecclesiology in Acts
Authors: Ripley Jason J.
Published: May 2014

In this paper I argue that the church in Acts is the narrative incarnation of Luke's prophetic Christology, providing often-overlooked Christological material in Acts. Within the functional definition of identity assumed by Luke's audience, this portrayal of the church would have been understood as Christ's ongoing presence in Acts. After establishing the prophetic cast of Lukan Christology, I demonstrate how the apostles imitate Christ in word and deed, continuing Jesus’ teaching of repentance as well as his prophetic “signs and wonders.” Moreover, the church shares Jesus’ fate of rejection and persecution, seen most prominently in the narrative parallels between Jesus and Paul. Theologically, Luke-Acts insists that a prophetically configured ecclesiology is an essential component of Christology, and that no portrait of Jesus is complete without images of those followers who continue “those things that Jesus had begun to do and teach” (Acts 1:1).
Harnessing the Possibilities of Minority Unionism in Canada
Authors: Braley-Rattai Alison
Published: May 2014

In the Supreme Court of Canada case known as Fraser, the Court determined that the statutory scheme governing labor relations for agricultural workers in Ontario was constitutional, despite lacking an effective mechanism for collective bargaining, a right that has had some (modest) constitutional protection since 2007. In the wake of this much-maligned decision it is unclear whether or not Charter litigation is capable of meaningfully protecting labor rights. However, in light of labor’s apparent commitment to litigation, this article explores a very modest claim about the potential of the labor movement to harness the Supreme Court’s reasoning in Fraser in support of constitutional protection for minority unionism.
The Ecological Fallacy in National Culture Research
Authors: Brewer Paul , Venaik Sunil
Published: May 2014

This article challenges the understanding and use of the Hofstede and GLOBE national culture models in much extant culture-related theory development. Both the Hofstede and GLOBE culture dimensions are derived from individual-level survey data aggregated to, and analysed at, the national level. But their culture scales that are correlated at the national (ecological) level are not correlated in the same manner at the individual or organizational level. To presume they are is a form of ‘ecological fallacy’ that, despite warnings, has often been overlooked by culture researchers. We analyse five research articles in top journals in organizational behaviour, general management, international business, marketing and accounting and show how the articles commit an ecological fallacy by projecting national-level culture characteristics onto individuals or organizations. The implications of this ecological fallacy include the development of invalid culture-related theory and the persistence of erroneous practitioner stereotyping. We provide the first comprehensive explanation of the origins, effects and implications of the ecological fallacy in national culture research and practice. A way forward for culture-related research is also suggested.
The Long Arm of Warm Parenting
Authors: Andersson Matthew A.
Published: May 2014

Does adulthood physical health continue to reflect parental support and warmth received during childhood? Although previous research supports this continuity, I examine this question according to a sex-matching perspective. Drawing on representative cross-sectional data featuring detailed measures of maternal and paternal warmth (1995 National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States), I focus on adults who came of age in traditional two-parent households containing a biological mother and father. Across three physical health outcomes, I find strong support for sex-matching, in that paternal warmth during childhood is usually more important to male adulthood health whereas maternal warmth tends to be more important to female adulthood health. Sex-matching effects are especially evident for physical health difficulties (number of chronic health conditions and functional limitations). These findings provide a new lens through which to view physical health disparities among today’s middle- to late-aged adults who came of age in traditional households.
“Killer coronary artery” and aortic valve stenosis: A tricky case
Authors: Nader Joseph , Labont Béatris Alina , Houpe David , Caus Thierry
Published: May 2014

Anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery from the right coronary sinus is rarely diagnosed in elderly patients. We report such an anomaly in a 75-year-old lady presenting with chest pain and syncope. Preoperative screening revealed that her aortic valve was moderately stenotic. The patient underwent a successful unroofing procedure combined with aortic valve replacement. The outcome was uncomplicated and the patient remained asymptomatic at one year postoperatively.
Dopamine D2/3 receptor availability and amphetamine-induced dopamine release in obesity
Authors: van de Giessen Elsmarieke , Celik Funda , Schweitzer Dave H , van den Brink Wim , Booij Jan
Published: May 2014

Introduction:

The neurotransmitter dopamine is important in the regulation of food intake. It is hypothesised that obese people experience less reward from food due to lower striatal dopamine release, which consequently leads to overeating. This study is the first to assess whether obese subjects have blunted striatal dopamine release.

Method:

We measured striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor (DRD2/3) availability and amphetamine-induced striatal dopamine release in 15 obese and 15 age-matched, normal-weight women using [123I]iodobenzamide single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. In addition, correlations with food craving were examined.

Results:

Baseline striatal DRD2/3 availability was lower in obese subjects (0.91±0.16) compared to controls (1.09±0.16; p=0.006). Amphetamine-induced dopamine release was significant in controls (7.5%±9.2; p=0.007) and not in obese subjects (1.2%±17.7; p=0.802), although the difference in release between groups ( d=0.45) was not significant. Dopamine release positively correlated with the trait food craving in obese subjects.

Conclusion:

This study replicates previous findings of lower striatal DRD2/3 availability in obesity and provides preliminary data that obesity is associated with blunted dopamine release. The positive correlation between dopamine release and food craving in obesity may seem contradictory with the latter finding but is presumably related to heterogeneity within the obese subjects.
Online temporal calibration for camera–IMU systems: Theory and algorithms
Authors: Li Mingyang , Mourikis Anastasios I.
Published: May 2014

When fusing visual and inertial measurements for motion estimation, each measurement’s sampling time must be precisely known. This requires knowledge of the time offset that inevitably exists between the two sensors’ data streams. The first contribution of this work is an online approach for estimating this time offset, by treating it as an additional state variable to be estimated along with all other variables of interest (inertial measurement unit (IMU) pose and velocity, biases, camera-to-IMU transformation, feature positions). We show that this approach can be employed in pose-tracking with mapped features, in simultaneous localization and mapping, and in visual–inertial odometry. The second main contribution of this paper is an analysis of the identifiability of the time offset between the visual and inertial sensors. We show that the offset is locally identifiable, except in a small number of degenerate motion cases, which we characterize in detail. These degenerate cases are either (i) cases known to cause loss of observability even when no time offset exists, or (ii) cases that are unlikely to occur in practice. Our simulation and experimental results validate these theoretical findings, and demonstrate that the proposed approach yields high-precision, consistent estimates, in scenarios involving either known or unknown features, with both constant and time-varying offsets.
Hierarchical quadratic programming: Fast online humanoid-robot motion generation
Authors: Escande Adrien , Mansard Nicolas , Wieber Pierre-Brice
Published: May 2014

Hierarchical least-square optimization is often used in robotics to inverse a direct function when multiple incompatible objectives are involved. Typical examples are inverse kinematics or dynamics. The objectives can be given as equalities to be satisfied (e.g. point-to-point task) or as areas of satisfaction (e.g. the joint range). This paper proposes a complete solution to solve multiple least-square quadratic problems of both equality and inequality constraints ordered into a strict hierarchy. Our method is able to solve a hierarchy of only equalities 10 times faster than the iterative-projection hierarchical solvers and can consider inequalities at any level while running at the typical control frequency on whole-body size problems. This generic solver is used to resolve the redundancy of humanoid robots while generating complex movements in constrained environments.
Control of noisy differential-drive vehicles from time-bounded temporal logic specifications
Authors: Cizelj Igor , Belta Calin
Published: May 2014

We address the problem of controlling a noisy differential drive mobile robot such that the probability of satisfying a specification given as a bounded linear temporal logic formula over a set of properties at the regions in the environment is maximized. We assume that the vehicle can determine its precise initial position in a known map of the environment. However, motivated by practical limitations, we assume that the vehicle is equipped with noisy actuators and, during its motion in the environment, it can only measure the angular velocity of its wheels using limited accuracy incremental encoders. Assuming the duration of the motion is finite, we map the measurements to a Markov decision process (MDP). We use recent results in statistical model checking to obtain an MDP control policy that maximizes the probability of satisfaction. We translate this policy to a vehicle feedback control strategy and show that the probability that the vehicle satisfies the specification in the environment is bounded from below by the probability of satisfying the specification on the MDP. We illustrate our method with simulations and experimental results.
The autonomous city
Authors: Vasudevan Alexander
Published: May 2014

This paper explores the recent resurgence of occupation-based practices across the globe, from the seizure of public space to the assembling of improvised protest camps. It re-examines the relationship between the figure of occupation and the affirmation of an alternative ‘right to the city’. The paper develops a critical understanding of occupation as a political process that prefigures and materializes the social order which it seeks to enact. The paper highlights the constituent role of occupation as an autonomous form of urban dwelling, as a radical politics of infrastructure and as a set of relations that produce common spaces for political action.
Mitochondria DNA Depletion Syndrome in a Infant with Multiple Congenital Malformations, Severe Myopathy, and Prolonged Postoperative Paralysis
Authors: Thomas Mark , Salpietro Vincenzo , Canham Natalie , Ruggieri Martino , Phadke Rahul , Kinali Maria
Published: May 2014

Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes are an important cause of mitochondrial cytopathies in both children and adults. We describe a newborn with multiple congenital malformations including a right aberrant subclavian artery and a trachea-oesophageal fistula in whom mitochondrial depletion syndrome was unmasked by perioperative muscle relaxation. After vecuronium infusion, the infant developed an irreversible postoperative paralysis, leading to death 32 days after surgery. The present case highlights (a) the clinical heterogeneity of mitochondrial depletion syndrome; (b) the importance of rigorous antemortem and postmortem investigations when the cause of a severe myopathy is uncertain; (c) the possible coexistence of mitochondrial depletion syndrome and congenital malformations as a result of a likely abnormal antenatal embryofetal development and (d) the importance of a careful anaesthetic management of children with mitochondrial depletion syndrome, which could be prone to complications related to the possible depressive effects on mitochondrial electron transport chain mediated by some anaesthetic agents.
Optimizing mechanical properties of injection-molded long fiber-reinforced polypropylene
Authors: Youssef Al Herz , Madhuranthakam Chandra Mouli R , Elkamel Ali , Mittal Vikas
Published: May 2014

Long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites (LGFPP) are widely used in the industrial field, especially in automotive applications, due to their excellent mechanical properties and low cost. This article focuses on obtaining optimal mechanical properties of LGFPP for different objectives. The primary objective is to minimize the cost of the composite. The other objective is to obtain specific, desired properties of the composite (irrespective of the composite cost). The latter case is useful in designing products where quality of the composite cannot be compromised (while the cost of the composite is secondary). The properties that were optimized include tensile Young’s modulus, flexural Young’s modulus, and notched Izod impact. Surrogate models were obtained and used to predict these properties as functions of corresponding compositions of the composites. Furthermore, optimization framework that employs these models either as constraints or as objective functions was developed with the aim of developing tailored fiber-reinforced polypropylene. All simulations are programmed using MATLAB version 7.10.0 (R2010a).
The Contributions of Emotional Intelligence and Social Support for Adaptive Career Progress Among Italian Youth
Authors: Di Fabio Annamaria , Kenny Maureen E.
Published: May 2014

Drawing from career construction and positive youth development perspectives, this study explores, among 254 Italian high school students, the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and support from friends and teachers with indices of adaptive career development. Results from the full canonical correlational model revealed that dimensions of EI and teacher support were positively associated with resilience and self-perceived employability. These results suggest that EI and teacher support warrant further investigation as factors that may contribute to adaptive career progress among youth.
Hearing Loss in Older Persons
Authors: Pronk Marieke , Deeg Dorly J. H. , Smits Cas , Twisk Jos W. , van Tilburg Theo G. , Festen Joost M. , Kramer Sophia E.
Published: May 2014

Objective: This study investigates whether the rate of decline in older persons’ hearing status is associated with the rate of decrease in their psychosocial health and explores moderation by baseline hearing status, health-related factors, and sociodemographic factors. Method: Multilevel analyses were applied to data of 1,178 older participants from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), covering 3 to 7 years of follow-up. Results: Faster decrease in speech-in-noise recognition was significantly associated with more increase in loneliness for persons with a moderate baseline speech-in-noise recognition (emotional and social loneliness) and for persons who recently lost their partner (emotional loneliness). No relationship was found with depression. Discussion: The results indicate that faster hearing decline results in more increase in loneliness in specific subgroups of older persons: in persons with an already impaired hearing and in widow(er)s. Monitoring older persons’ hearing seems important and may be a relevant starting point for targeted loneliness prevention efforts.
Short-Term Impact of Anemia on Mortality
Authors: De la Cruz-Góngora Vanessa , Manrique-Espinoza Betty , Villalpando Salvador , Téllez-Rojo Solís Martha María , Salinas-Rodriguez Aarón
Published: May 2014

Objective: To estimate the short-term (14 months) impact of anemia on mortality among Mexican older adults (OAs). Method: Longitudinal analyses using data from a quasi-experimental study in a non-contributory pension program in Mexico with a sample of 3,621 OAs aged 65 to 74 years. Data on health, nutrition, life conditions, and mortality were gathered at both baseline and follow-up. Logistic regression model was used to estimate the impact of anemia and hemoglobin quintiles on mortality. Results: Overall mortality rate was 2.1%. Both mild anemia and moderate/severe anemia increased mortality risk at 14 months (odds ratio [OR] = 2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.1, 4.1]; and OR = 6, 95% CI = [2.1, 16.9], respectively). Discussion: In the short term, degree of severity of anemia is an independent predictor of mortality risk. Because anemia is a modifiable factor, further research is required to better understand this condition in terms of main causes, prevention, treatment, and impact on OAs’ survival.
Burden of corticosteroid use in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: results from a Delphi panel
Authors: Petri M , Bechtel B , Dennis G , Shah M , McLaughlin T , Kan H , Molta C
Published: May 2014

Corticosteroid-related adverse events (AEs) are commonly reported in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but are often under-represented in claims data. The most common corticosteroid-related AEs are not necessarily the most costly. The present study aimed to examine corticosteroid-related AE rates and identify the associated cost consequences in patients with SLE from the perspective of rheumatologists treating SLE in the United States (US). A modified Delphi process and RAND Appropriateness Method was used to estimate corticosteroid-related AEs and costs based on data from SLE-treating US rheumatologists and estimates from alternative sources. The panel ( n = 10) participated in two web-based questionnaires, covering disease severity, corticosteroid use, corticosteroid-related AEs, and resource utilization associated with treatment of the AEs. Eight members of the panel then participated in a guided discussion by interactive teleconference, in which the costs associated with specific corticosteroid-related AEs were also discussed. Consensus was achieved in the teleconference when a single response category (consensus values from 1 to 4 [4 = strongly agree, 1 = strongly disagree]) accounted for ≥80% of responses. Thirteen consensus statements were developed following two Delphi rounds. Costs were estimated for eight corticosteroid-associated AEs from the panel of rheumatologists. In the patients with SLE treated by these physicians, 41.5% were considered to have mild disease, 36.5% moderate disease, and 22.0% severe disease. The number of specialist visits, corticosteroid use, and corticosteroid dose increased with disease severity. The estimated rates of all AEs (except for cataracts) were at least doubled in patients receiving corticosteroid doses >20 mg/day compared with ≤20 mg/day. The highest estimated mean total costs of an event (for the required treatment duration for one patient) were for avascular necrosis ($14,460) and serious infection ($11,660). The costs of more common AEs, such as osteoporosis, obesity, diabetes, and fractures, ranged from $1190 to $8220. Ten rheumatologists concluded that as disease severity increases, corticosteroid doses increased. Greater utilization of resources is needed to manage patients and corticosteroid-related AEs.
Small and large signal ferroelectric properties of single lead zirconium titanate fibers
Authors: Bortolani Francesca , Michen Marina Ismael , Graule Thomas , Clemens Frank
Published: May 2014

Ferroelectric fibers based on a commercial lead zirconium titanate powder were investigated by a new characterization method to measure single fiber properties, such as large signal polarization and longitudinal free strain, and small signal properties, such as piezoelectric constant. To verify the measurements, the free strain data were compared with dynamic mechanical analyzer measurements. For this investigation, lead zirconate titanate fibers were sintered in lead-rich atmosphere at different temperatures. Microstructure and phase composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. By increasing the temperature from 1150°C to 1200°C, the electromechanical behavior of the fibers could be improved: an increase in remnant and saturation polarization occurred. A d33 as of ∼430 and ∼400 pm/V could be measured for 1150°C and 1200°C, respectively. These d33 values are very close to the one reported on the data sheet of the material.
A Replication of Failure, Not a Failure to Replicate
Authors: Holden Gary , Barker Kathleen , Kuppens Sofie , Rosenberg Gary , LeBreton Jonathan
Published: May 2014

Purpose:

The increasing role of systematic reviews in knowledge production demands greater rigor in the literature search process. The performance of the Social Work Abstracts (SWA) database has been examined multiple times over the past three decades. The current study is a replication within this line of research.

Method:

Issue-level coverage was examined for the same 33 SWA core journals and the same time period as our 2009 study.

Results:

The mean percentage of issues missing in the current study was 20%. The mean percentage of issues missing in the current study was significantly greater than the mean percentage of issues missing in the 2009 study.

Discussion:

The research of other groups, and that of our own, has failed to prompt the National Association of Social Workers Press (NASW-P) to act. SWA was failing, it is failing, and NASW-P has failed to correct those failures.
Using a Multimedia Social Skills Intervention to Increase Social Engagement of Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Radley Keith C. , Jenson William R. , Clark Elaine , Hood Julia A. , Nicholas Peter
Published: May 2014

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) display impairments in social interactions and communication that appear at early ages. Fewer social engagements of children with ASD with peers often lead to long-term negative outcomes, such as social isolation and restricted language and cognitive skills. Although there is a clear need for social skills training for children with ASD, evidence-based practices are often not implemented for young children in school settings. The authors describe the Superheroes Social Skills program, a social skills intervention that combines multiple evidence-based practices, for use with young children with ASD. A case example is provided to describe the implementation and utility of the program for addressing social engagement skills of children with ASD and peers. Results of the case example suggest that the intervention contributed to greater engagement of children with ASD with peers during a free-play period.
A Blueprint for Effectively Using RTI Intervention Block Time
Authors: Higgins Averill Orla , Baker Diana , Rinaldi Claudia
Published: May 2014

Many schools have adopted schoolwide intervention blocks as a component of response-to-intervention (RTI) implementation to ensure that students who need intervention are receiving it. However, virtually no peer-reviewed guidance exists for helping teachers manage this time effectively. This article presents a blueprint for organizing intervention block time so that all students benefit. Teachers and principals should consider (a) identifying appropriate assessment and intervention resources, (b) determining professional development needs to improve capacity for intervention delivery, (c) using personnel resources in the most effective way, (d) structuring the time to deliver interventions and engage students who are not receiving intervention, and (e) optimizing the physical space available to deliver interventions. Specific planning considerations are outlined and suggestions for monitoring fidelity of implementation are presented.
Reducing The Modifiable Risks of Cardiovascular Disease in Turkish Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Bayındır Çevik Ayfer , Özcan Şeyda , Satman İlhan
Published: May 2014

Our goal was to reduce the number of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) through providing lifestyle adjustment training and counseling to patients with type 2 diabetes. In this pre–post intervention study, 139 patients with diabetes were provided with training to reduce the modifiable risks of CVD. One hundred three patients attended the post-training evaluation. Two phone counseling sessions were provided with 1-month intervals. Consumption of red meat and processed food decreased and water consumption, carrying on the recommended diet, and the frequency of exercise increased ( p = .000), A1C decreased ( p = .05), and the use of aspirin increased ( p = .03). Thus, a contribution to the reduction of CVD risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes was achieved. The training program for reducing CVD risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes was effective in improving nutrition and lifestyle behaviors and decreasing glycemic control.
Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Latinos in Three Communities on the Texas–Mexico Border
Authors: Fernández María E. , Savas Lara S. , Wilson Katherine M. , Byrd Theresa L. , Atkinson John , Torres-Vigil Isabel , Vernon Sally W.
Published: May 2014

Objective. To assess colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) prevalence and psychosocial correlates of CRCS among Latinos in South Texas. Method. Using multivariable analyses, we examined the association of perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, pros and cons, subjective norms, knowledge and fatalism on CRCS among 544 Latinos (50 years and older). Results. In this socioeconomically disadvantaged population, 40% had never heard of any CRCS test, only 34% reported ever completing any type of CRCS, and only 25% were adherent to CRCS guidelines. Insurance status, gender, perceived cons, CRCS self-efficacy, and CRCS norms were significantly associated with CRCS. Conclusion. CRCS interventions in this population should focus on improving access, increasing self-efficacy and perceived norms, and decreasing negative perceptions of CRCS.
Following watery relations in early childhood pedagogies
Authors: Pacini-Ketchabaw Veronica , Clark Vanessa
Published: May 2014

Working methodologically and theoretically with the hydro-logics of bodies of water, this article addresses the limitations of humanistic perspectives on water play in early childhood classrooms, and proposes pedagogies of watery relations. The article traces the fluid, murky, surging, creative, unpredictable specificities of bodies of water that enter an early childhood classroom during a collaborative ethnographic project with young children and early childhood educators.
The Role of Scar Origin in Shaping Men’s Body Image
Authors: Dyer Anne , Mayer-Eckhard Lennart , White Andrew J. , Alpers Georg W.
Published: May 2014

Men generally have a more positive body image than women. However, the extent to which scars negatively influence men’s body image is uncertain. The aim of the current study was to assess body image in men with and without scars while taking scar origin into account (nonsuicidal self-harming injuries [NSSI] vs. accidents or surgery). One hundred and nine men ( n = 19 with NSSI) and 185 women ( n = 96 with NSSI) filled in multidimensional body image questionnaires. Results indicate that on most clinical subscales women had a significantly more negative body image compared with men. However, within a subsample whose scars resulted from NSSI, gender differences vanished. Among men, scar origin was significantly associated with negative body image after partialling out scar characteristics, age, and borderline symptomatology. The visibility of scars was not associated with more severe body image disturbances. The results of our study indicate that self-inflicted scars adversely affect body image. Although women generally reported having a more negative body image, disturbances in body image should not be neglected among men, especially in those who have self-inflicted scars.
A rare complication with Edwards Sapien: Aortic valve embolization in TAVI
Authors: Ayhan Hüseyin , Durmaz Tahir , Keleş Telat , Kasapkara Hacı Ahmet , Erdoğan Kemal Eşref , Bozkurt Engin
Published: May 2014

One of the problems is valve embolization at the time of transcatheter aortic valve implantation, which is a rare but serious complication. In this case, we have shown balloon expandable aortic valve embolization TAVI which is a rare complication and we managed with second valve without surgery. Although there is not enough experience in the literature, embolized valve was re-positioned in the arch aorta between truncus brachiocephalicus and left common carotid artery.
Scandal and military mediatization
Authors: Crosbie Thomas
Published: May 2014

Mediated responses to reports of abuse during the Global War on Terror are puzzling. Few of the many revelations of abuse prompted concerted reactions (e.g. scandals), and those that did were often very similar to reports that were ignored. This article draws from empirical research into responses to prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib to develop new concepts that help untangle the mediatization of American wars. Feedback helps to model the variety of polemical interventions that are adopted in public discussions as a result of a scandal. The concept of feedforward, introduced here, enables us to model polemical interventions that develop within an organization in response to such feedback. Together, these concepts encourage greater sensitivity to the cultural horizon of mediated events. Further, they point to a new theoretical focus for mediatization research, namely the cycles of feedback and feedforward that help shape new forms of understanding and behaving within organizations.
A retrospective study of cognitive function in doctors and dentists with suspected performance problems: an unsuspected but significant concern
Authors: Kataria Neha , Brown Nick , McAvoy Pauline , Majeed Azeem , Rhodes Martin
Published: May 2014

Summary

Objective

To examine the performance assessments and cognitive function of practitioners referred to the National Clinical Assessment Service (NCAS).

Design

Retrospective observational study.

Setting

Practitioners referred to NCAS for performance assessment due to suspected performance problems.

Participants

One hundred and nine practitioners over the age of 45 years referred to NCAS between 1 September 2008 and 30 June 2012.

Main outcome measures

Reasons for referral of practitioners and their characteristics; details of their assessments including screening for cognition using Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R); outcome of the process.

Results

Reasons for referral included ‘clinical difficulties’ and ‘governance or safety issues’. Eighty-seven practitioners scored above 88 on ACE-R. Twenty-two were found to have an ACE-R score of ≤88. On further assessment, 14 of these 22 practitioners were found to have cognitive impairment. The majority of all practitioners were found to be performing below the expected level of practice for someone at their grade and specialty. Of those scoring ≤88 on the screening, only seven continued in clinical practice.

Conclusions

A high proportion of practitioners scoring poorly on ACE-R were found to have cognitive impairment following detailed neuropsychological testing, the youngest aged 46 years. Many were working in isolation. Nearly all practitioners scoring poorly on ACE-R were international medical graduates; reasons for this are unclear. Performance assessment results showed persisting failings in the practitioners' record keeping and in their assessment of patients. Our findings highlight the need for increased vigilance and training of responsible officers to recognise performance problems and emphasise the importance of comprehensive assessment.
Evaluation of the impact of a flowchart-type leaflet for cancer inpatients
Authors: Suzuki Shinya , Enokida Tomohiro , Kobayashi Takehiko , Yajima Yoko , Ishiki Hiroto , Izumi Keishiro , Endo Kazushi , Tahara Makoto
Published: May 2014

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of an interactive and visual flowchart-type leaflet for head and neck cancer inpatients who received induction chemotherapy, docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorourasil (DCF), or docetaxel, cisplatin, and S-1 (DCS) from September 2009 to April 2012. The flowchart-type leaflet group used a flowchart-type leaflet during chemotherapy, while the non-flowchart-type leaflet group did not.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was performed using patient records. The endpoints of this study were to determine the following: the number of emergency hospital admissions/visits, incidence of Grade 2 or higher non-haematological adverse drug reactions, nonadherence to treatment, and the number of telephone calls from subjects.

Results:

A total of 109 subjects were identified as follows: 49 in the flowchart-type leaflet group (139 chemotherapy sessions) and 60 in the non-flowchart-type leaflet group (163 chemotherapy sessions). No significant differences were observed in age, performance status, or chemotherapy regimen. The incidence of emergency hospital admissions was significantly lower in the flowchart-type leaflet than in the non-flowchart-type leaflet group (1% vs 10%, p < 0.01). No difference was seen between groups (12% vs 19%, p = 0.1) in the nonadherence rate of supportive medication for adverse drug reactions. Telephone call rates were significantly higher in the flowchart-type leaflet (16%, 30 calls) than in the non-flowchart-type leaflet group (7%, 11 calls) in each chemotherapy regimen. Of the 30 calls from patients in the FCL group, 24 (80%) were made to the hospital, compared with only 5 (45%) of the 11 calls from patients in the non-flowchart-type leaflet group.

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that the flowchart-type leaflet can reduce nonadherence and improve patient judgment during chemotherapy, leading to a decrease in emergency hospital admissions.
Identity and Purpose as Predictors of Subjective Well-Being in Emerging Adulthood
Authors: Sumner Rachel , Burrow Anthony L. , Hill Patrick L.
Published: May 2014

Identity and purpose in life can serve as internal assets during the transition to adulthood. Although these two facets of the self are closely linked, they are usually studied separately. The rare research that has considered identity and purpose together has focused exclusively on commitment in these domains, neglecting the process of exploration that often precedes commitment. The current study built on existing work by investigating identity and purpose as simultaneous predictors of subjective well-being in a sample of emerging adults ( N = 850, Mage = 19.96) and examining both commitment and exploration processes. In a structural equation model, purpose commitment emerged as the strongest predictor of well-being, significantly predicting greater life satisfaction and positive affect and lower negative affect. Findings are discussed with respect to strategies for promoting identity and purpose development during the transition to adulthood.
Role of Deontological Guilt in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder–Like Checking and Washing Behaviors
Authors: D’Olimpio Francesca , Mancini Francesco
Published: May 2014

Obsessions and compulsions are driven by the goal of preventing or neutralizing guilt. We investigated whether inducing deontological versus altruistic guilt in healthy volunteers could activate checking behaviors and physical cleaning. Participants were asked to listen to stories that induced deontological guilt, altruistic guilt, or a neutral control state, and then were asked to classify 100 colored capsules into 12 small pots (Study 1) or to clean a Plexiglas cube (Study 2). Before and after hearing the story and after completing the task, participants completed a visual analog scale that assessed their current emotions. Finally, participants completed a self-report questionnaire about discomfort, doubts, and perceived performance. Participants in the deontological group checked more (Study 1), cleaned the cube more times (Study 2), and scored higher in doubts and discomfort than did participants in the altruistic or control groups. These data suggest that deontological guilt is the mental state specifically related to checking and cleaning compulsions.
Cognitive-Processing Biases in Individuals High on Perceived Criticism
Authors: Masland Sara R. , Hooley Jill M. , Tully Laura M. , Dearing Karen , Gotlib Ian H.
Published: May 2014

A considerable literature now shows that perceived criticism (PC) predicts clinical outcomes transdiagnostically. Recent work has begun to identify potential mechanisms underlying PC’s connection to clinical outcomes. For example, anomalies have been found in neural processing when individuals who rate their key relatives as highly critical listen to criticism. To explore whether high-PC individuals are also characterized by other processing abnormalities, we examined cognitive processing in a sample of community participants ( N = 76) high or low on PC. We measured the executive control of attention when these two groups of individuals processed emotional information and interpreted acoustically presented ambiguous words. High-PC individuals showed impaired executive control of negative emotional information relative to low-PC individuals. They also made more negative interpretations of ambiguous words. These findings indicate that PC is associated with underlying vulnerabilities that may predispose individuals to develop psychopathology.
The Effect of Perioperative Ketorolac on the Clinical Failure Rate of Meniscal Repair
Authors: Proffen Benedikt L. , Nielson Jason H. , Zurakowski David , Micheli Lyle J. , Curtis Christine , Murray Martha M.
Published: May 2014

Background:

There has been recent interest in the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications on musculoskeletal healing. No studies have yet addressed the effect of these medications on meniscal healing.

Hypothesis:

The administration of ketorolac in the perioperative period will result in higher rates of meniscal repair clinical failure.

Study design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 110 consecutive patients underwent meniscal repair at our institution between August 1998 and July 2001. Three patients were lost to follow-up, and the remaining 107 (mean age, 15.9 ± 4.4 years) had a minimum 5-year follow-up (mean follow-up, 5.5 years). Thirty-two patients (30%) received ketorolac perioperatively. The primary outcome measure was reoperation for continued symptoms of meniscal pathology. Asymptomatic patients were evaluated by the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Form, Short Form–36 (SF-36) Health Survey, and Knee Outcome Osteoarthritis Score (KOOS).

Results:

Kaplan-Meier survivorship revealed no difference in reoperation rates with and without the administration of perioperative ketorolac ( P = .95). There was an overall failure rate of 35% (37/107 patients), with a 34% failure rate in patients receiving ketorolac (11/32 patients). Multivariable Cox regression confirmed that age, duration of symptoms, meniscal tear type, fixation technique, concurrent anterior cruciate ligament repair, and ketorolac usage did not have an impact on the rate of failure ( P > .05 for all; ketorolac use, P > .50). Female sex ( P = .04) and medial location ( P = .01) were predictive of an increased risk for reoperation.

Conclusion:

Failure of meniscal repair was not altered with the administration of perioperative ketorolac. Further work studying the effects of longer term anti-inflammatory use after meniscal repair is necessary before stating that this class of medications has no effect on meniscal healing.

Clinical Relevance:

Results of this study suggest that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory ketorolac can be administered perioperatively during a meniscal repair procedure to harness its benefits of decreased narcotic requirement, decreased pain, and shorter length of hospital stay without negatively influencing the long-term outcome of the surgery.
Improved dye-sensitized solar cell with a ZnO nanotree photoanode by hydrothermal method
Authors: Kuo Shou-Yi , Yang Jui-Fu , Lai Fang-I
Published: May 2014

This study investigated the influence of ZnO nanostructures on dye adsorption to increase the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of solar cells. ZnO nanostructures were grown in both tree-like and nanorod (NR) arrays on an AZO/FTO film structure by using a hydrothermal method. The results were observed in detail using X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV-visible spectrophotometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and solar simulation. The selective growth of tree-like ZnO was found to exhibit higher dye adsorption loading and conversion efficiency than ZnO NRs. The multiple ‘branches’ of ‘tree-like nanostructures’ increases the surface area for higher light harvesting and dye loading while reducing charge recombination. These improvements result in a 15% enhancement in power conversion. The objective of this study is to facilitate the development of a ZnO-based dye-sensitized solar cell.
Sensitizing properties of proteins: executive summary
Authors: Poulsen Lars K , Ladics Gregory S , McClain Scott , Doerrer Nancy G , van Ree Ronald
Published: May 2014

The scope of allergy risk is diverse considering the myriad ways in which protein allergenicity is affected by physiochemical characteristics of proteins. The complexity created by the matrices of foods and the variability of the human immune system add additional challenges to understanding the relationship between sensitization potential and allergy disease. To address these and other issues, an April 2012 international symposium was held in Prague, Czech Republic, to review and discuss the state‐of‐the‐science of sensitizing properties of protein allergens. The symposium, organized by the Protein Allergenicity Technical Committee of the International Life Sciences Institute's Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, featured presentations on current methods, test systems, research trends, and unanswered questions in the field of protein sensitization. A diverse group of over 70 interdisciplinary scientists from academia, government, and industry participated in the symposium. Experts provided overviews on known mechanisms by which proteins in food may cause sensitization, discussed experimental models to predict protein sensitizing potential, and explored whether such experimental techniques may be applicable in regulatory settings. Three accompanying reviews address critical factors and methods for assessing allergic sensitization: 1) food‐and protein‐related factors; 2) host‐specific factors and 3) screening methods, i.e., the ability of experimental models to predict the sensitizing potential of proteins and whether such models are applicable within regulatory settings.