bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design, Aerodynamic Calculation and Manufacturing using CFRP and Additive Manufacturing of a small Tilt-Rotor UAV for Railway Inspection
Authors: MAIER Raluca , MANDOC Andrei , GHERASIM Stefan , PETCULESCU Stefan , MANOLACHE David , CARLANESCU Razvan
Published: December 2020

The present paper aims to develop a small scale Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for railway inspection. The development process and structure manufacturing aimed at a low complexity technological process both to meet market requirements and to be economically efficient. To define the architectural structure and its components in the design process, a NACA 0024 aerodynamic profile was selected out of two proposed airfoils. The novelty of this concept is the double benefit of the wing, which serves as a cargo bay while uses a low-cost manufacturing technology, incorporating the 3D printing process. Further, a simplified preliminary aerodynamic calculation was performed, the model was manufactured using composite materials reinforced with carbon fibre while other key components have been obtained using the 3D printing technology. In the end, the manufacturing process was a success and the unmanned aerial vehicle was designed and manufactured specifically that its flight envelope meets the requirements of the mission.
Influence of carbon nanotubes/ graphene nanoparticles on the mechanical and morphological properties of glass woven fabric epoxy composites
Authors: YARLAGADDAA Jyothhi , MALKAPURAM Ramakrishna
Published: December 2020

An epoxy matrix reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene nano particles (GNPs) is used to fabricate woven glass fabric epoxy composites using Hand Layup and compression moulding technique. Three types of composites are fabricated using 7-mill plain weave glass fabric, +45o/-45o, 0o-90o multi axial glass woven fabrics as reinforcements and epoxy as matrix. Mechanical characterization is performed on the fabricated composites.0o-90o GWFE composites are fabricated with 0.5 wt%, 1.5 wt% MWCNTs, and 0.5 wt%, 1.5 wt% graphene nano particles (GNPs).The results from mechanical and morphological characterization revealed that specimens containing 0.5 wt%, 1.5 wt% MWCNTs, and 0.5wt %, 1.5 wt% graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) are altered when compared to the glass woven fabric epoxy composites without nanoparticles. Glass woven fabric epoxy (GWFE) composites with 1.5 wt% of MWCNT possess the highest hardness of 90.33 which is 6.27% greater when compared to other composites. The tensile strength of composite specimens containing 1.5 wt% graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) increased by 14.5% over glass woven fabric epoxy (GWFE) composites. The mode of fiber failure in tensile fractured surfaces of GWFE composites is apprised through SEM images.
Research on the nose landing gear of a military training aircraft
Authors: NICOLIN Ilie , NICOLIN Bogdan Adrian
Published: December 2020

This paper presents the analysis of the landing gear configurations and the proposal of a solution for a military training aircraft. The paper presents both landing gears: nose and main because they are inextricably linked. The nose landing gear of military aircraft is a complex system composed of structural elements, electric and hydraulic components, energy absorption components, aircraft tire wheels etc., which is dimensioned according to the weight of the aircraft. Additional components attached to the nose landing gear include a landing gear extension and retraction mechanism and a steering system. The landing gear must withstand the weight of the aircraft in all phases of take-off (maximum weight: fuel, armament, ammunition, other equipment, flight crew etc.) and landing (impact from landing and a lower weight after completing the mission due to fuel consumption and ammunition use).
Human Performance Envelope Model Study Using Pilot’s Measured Parameters
Authors: CHIRA Alina-Ioana , DUMITRESCU Anamaria , MOISOIU Catalin Sever , TANASE Cristian-Alexandru
Published: December 2020

Taking into consideration that nowadays the aerospace industry focuses a lot on safety, more durable and stable systems are developed. While the system itself is safer, there is another element that can have a high impact on the overall safety of a flight, namely the human factor. Pilot physiological parameters were measured during a full flight in a fixed cockpit environment using application-specific equipment. The recorded or calculated parameters are used to compute a performance envelope model with the scope of determining the degradation of the pilot’s condition during different flight phases or events. Several standardized tests were realized/performed on subjects who were given flight instructions before the test, without knowing beforehand the scenario and events that will occur/take place. This study helps in identifying the limits of pilots in different flight scenarios and the impact on their presumed performance.
Low-speed airfoil optimization using constrained differential evolution
Authors: HOTHAZIE Mihai-Vladut , MIRICA Matei
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, algorithms designed to optimize the shape of an airfoil are being developed by many researchers. In this paper, to achieve an optimum shape configuration, a methodology based on an evolutionary algorithm is proposed. The main objective is to find the optimum shape of a known airfoil that gives the best aerodynamic performance for a fixed lift coefficient. For the airfoil parametrization, the class-shape method is used to develop a well-behaved geometry. The paper underlines the implementation of a constrained differential evolutionary algorithm using the free penalty scheme by varying the coefficients of the shape parametrization function. The aim is to obtain a better aerodynamic performance for a predetermined lift coefficient by imposing a fixed maximum airfoil thickness interval. The method is a general optimization procedure and can be implemented in a wide range of engineering design problems.
Far-field optical path noise coupled with the pointing jitter in the space measurement of gravitational waves
Authors: Zhao Ya , Shen Jia , Fang Chao , Wang Zhi , Gao Ruihong , Sha Wei
Published: December 2020

Space-based gravitational wave detection programs, like the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna or the Taiji program, aim to detect gravitational waves in space with interferometric arms of millions of kilometers. In the process of far-field propagation, the exit wavefront error of the transmitting telescope will couple with the unavoidable pointing between two spacecraft to generate an optical path noise. In this paper, we firstly build a comprehensive theoretical model concerning the effect of 3rd

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aberrations on this coupling and compare the coupling coefficients of different aberrations. Then, we use this model to analyze the far-field optical path noise of the exit wavefront of a built prototype telescope for the Taiji program. Finally, we take advantage of the Monte Carlo algorithm of the model for investigating the effect of the different wavefront qualities on optical path noise. The results can provide meaningful guidance for the construction of the subsequent telescope.
Highly linear wavelength-tunable microring-assisted Mach–Zehnder modulator
Authors: Shen Liming , Lu Rongguo , Lin Rui , Lyu Jiangbo , Wang Guangbiao , Tan Meng , Liu Yong
Published: December 2020

This paper proposes a wavelength-tunable microring-assisted Mach–Zehnder modulator (MRAMZM) based on the graphene structure. The integrated graphene on the racetrack microring achieves the tunability of the working wavelength and introduces the one-cycle loss of the microring corresponding to the working wavelength. Through the analysis of the modulation characteristic curve with loss, it is determined to eliminate the second- and third-order nonlinearities. The graphene-embedded asymmetric coupling structure is used to control the coupling efficiency, and finally, the linearity of the device in the range of 2 nm (1.5543 to 1.5562 µm) is improved. The simulation result shows that when the working wavelength is in this range, the spurious-free dynamic range third-order intermodulation distortion of this modulator is about

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Phase-controlled, second-harmonic-optimized terahertz pulse generation in nitrogen by infrared two-color laser pulses: erratum
Authors: Flender Roland , Borzsonyi Adam , Chikan Viktor
Published: December 2020

This erratum corrects citations of references in J. Opt. Soc. Am. B
37, 1838 (2020)JOBPDE0740-322410.1364/JOSAB.391123.
Well-scale multiphase flow characterization and validation using distributed fiber-optic sensors for gas kick monitoring
Authors: Sharma Jyotsna , Santos Otto L. A. , Feo Giuseppe , Ogunsanwo Oloruntoba , Williams Wesley
Published: December 2020

Early detection of a gas kick is crucial for preventing uncontrolled blowout that could cause loss of life, loss of assets, and environmental damage. Multiphase flow experiments conducted in this research demonstrate the capability of downhole fiber optic sensors to detect a potential gas influx in real-time in a 5000 ft deep wellbore. Gas rise velocities estimated independently using fiber optic distributed acoustic sensor (DAS), distributed temperature sensor (DTS), downhole gauges, surface measurements, and multiphase flow correlations show good agreement in each case, demonstrating reliability in the assessment. Real-time data visualization was implemented on a secure cloud-based platform to improve computational efficiency. This study provides novel insights on the effect of circulation rates, gas kick volumes, backpressure, and injection methods on gas rise dynamics in a full-scale wellbore.
High-power synchronous multi-wavelength solitons from a multimode mode-locked fiber laser system
Authors: Wang Zhaokun , Wu Wendi , Zhu Tianyu , Hua Kuo , Chang Shuo , Wang D. N. , Gao Feng
Published: December 2020

In this Letter, we implement a multimode fiber (MMF) laser system mode-locked by a nonlinear polarization rotation technique for controllable synchronous multi-wavelength soliton generation. The synchronization of the repetition rates for different wavelengths is realized by the special mode transmission in MMF. For dual-wavelength mode-locking at 1566.7 nm and 1617.2 nm, each of the synchronously mode-locked solitons consists of a train of quasi-periodic beat pulses with a pulse width of 84 fs and period of 162 fs. The total output power reaches 532 mW with optimally balanced two-color intensities. Furthermore, switchable dual- and tri-wavelength synchronized femtosecond pulses are also obtained. In contrast to previous reports, this synchronously mode-locked multi-wavelength is output directly from a laser oscillator, which provides a simpler candidate to achieve pulse synchronization.
Loss of hepatic aldolase B activates Akt and promotes hepatocellular carcinogenesis by destabilizing the Aldob/Akt/PP2A protein complex
Authors: He Xuxiao , Li Min , Yu Hongming , Liu Guijun , Wang Ningning , Yin Chunzhao , Tu Qiaochu , Narla Goutham , Tao Yongzhen , Cheng Shuqun , Yin Huiyong
Published: December 2020

Loss of hepatic fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate aldolase B (Aldob) leads to a paradoxical up-regulation of glucose metabolism to favor hepatocellular carcinogenesis (HCC), but the upstream signaling events remain poorly defined. Akt is highly activated in HCC, and targeting Akt is being explored as a potential therapy for HCC. Herein, we demonstrate that Aldob suppresses Akt activity and tumor growth through a protein complex containing Aldob, Akt, and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), leading to inhibition of cell viability, cell cycle progression, glucose uptake, and metabolism. Interestingly, Aldob directly interacts with phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and promotes the recruitment of PP2A to dephosphorylate p-Akt, and this scaffolding effect of Aldob is independent of its enzymatic activity. Loss of Aldob or disruption of Aldob/Akt interaction in Aldob R304A mutant restores Akt activity and tumor-promoting effects. Consistently, Aldob and p-Akt expression are inversely correlated in human HCC tissues, and Aldob down-regulation coupled with p-Akt up-regulation predicts a poor prognosis for HCC. We have further discovered that Akt inhibition or a specific small-molecule activator of PP2A (SMAP) efficiently attenuates HCC tumorigenesis in xenograft mouse models. Our work reveals a novel nonenzymatic role of Aldob in negative regulation of Akt activation, suggesting that directly inhibiting Akt activity or through reactivating PP2A may be a potential therapeutic approach for HCC treatment.
SkewIT: The Skew Index Test for large-scale GC Skew analysis of bacterial genomes
Authors: Lu Jennifer , Salzberg Steven L.
Published: December 2020

GC skew is a phenomenon observed in many bacterial genomes, wherein the two replication strands of the same chromosome contain different proportions of guanine and cytosine nucleotides. Here we demonstrate that this phenomenon, which was first discovered in the mid-1990s, can be used today as an analysis tool for the 15,000+ complete bacterial genomes in NCBI’s Refseq library. In order to analyze all 15,000+ genomes, we introduce a new method, SkewIT (Skew Index Test), that calculates a single metric representing the degree of GC skew for a genome. Using this metric, we demonstrate how GC skew patterns are conserved within certain bacterial phyla, e.g. Firmicutes, but show different patterns in other phylogenetic groups such as Actinobacteria. We also discovered that outlier values of SkewIT highlight potential bacterial mis-assemblies. Using our newly defined metric, we identify multiple mis-assembled chromosomal sequences in previously published complete bacterial genomes. We provide a SkewIT web app https://jenniferlu717.shinyapps.io/SkewIT/ that calculates SkewI for any user-provided bacterial sequence. The web app also provides an interactive interface for the data generated in this paper, allowing users to further investigate the SkewI values and thresholds of the Refseq-97 complete bacterial genomes. Individual scripts for analysis of bacterial genomes are provided in the following repository: https://github.com/jenniferlu717/SkewIT.
Recombinant Rift Valley fever viruses encoding bluetongue virus (BTV) antigens: Immunity and efficacy studies upon a BTV-4 challenge
Authors: Moreno Sandra , Calvo-Pinilla Eva , Devignot Stephanie , Weber Friedemann , Ortego Javier , Brun Alejandro
Published: December 2020

Background

Many ruminant diseases of viral aetiology can be effectively prevented using appropriate vaccination measures. For diseases such as Rift Valley fever (RVF) the long inter-epizootic periods make routine vaccination programs unfeasible. Coupling RVF prophylaxis with seasonal vaccination programmes by means of multivalent vaccine platforms would help to reduce the risk of new RVF outbreaks.

Methodology/Principal findings

In this work we generated recombinant attenuated Rift Valley fever viruses (RVFVs) encoding in place of the virulence factor NSs either the VP2 capsid protein or a truncated form of the non-structural NS1 protein of bluetongue virus serotype 4 (BTV-4). The recombinant viruses were able to carry and express the heterologous BTV genes upon consecutive passages in cell cultures. In murine models, a single immunization was sufficient to protect mice upon RVFV challenge and to elicit a specific immune response against BTV-4 antigens that was fully protective after a BTV-4 boost. In sheep, a natural host for RVFV and BTV, both vaccines proved immunogenic although conferred only partial protection after a virulent BTV-4 reassortant Morocco strain challenge.

Conclusions/Significance

Though additional optimization will be needed to improve the efficacy data against BTV in sheep, our findings warrant further developments of attenuated RVFV as a dual vaccine platform carrying heterologous immune relevant antigens for ruminant diseases in RVF risk areas.
Continuous administration of a p38α inhibitor during the subacute phase after transient ischemia-induced stroke in the rat promotes dose-dependent functional recovery accompanied by increase in brain BDNF protein level
Authors: Alam John J. , Krakovsky Michael , Germann Ursula , Levy Aharon
Published: December 2020

There is unmet need for effective stroke therapies. Numerous neuroprotection attempts for acute cerebral ischemia have failed and as a result there is growing interest in developing therapies to promote functional recovery through increasing synaptic plasticity. For this research study, we hypothesized that in addition to its previously reported role in mediating cell death during the acute phase, the alpha isoform of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, p38α, may also contribute to interleukin-1β-mediated impairment of functional recovery during the subacute phase after acute ischemic stroke. Accordingly, an oral, brain-penetrant, small molecule p38α inhibitor, neflamapimod, was evaluated as a subacute phase stroke treatment to promote functional recovery. Neflamapimod administration to rats after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion at two dose levels was initiated outside of the previously characterized therapeutic window for neuroprotection of less than 24 hours for p38α inhibitors. Six-week administration of neflamapimod, starting at 48 hours after reperfusion, significantly improved behavioral outcomes assessed by the modified neurological severity score at Week 4 and at Week 6 post stroke in a dose-dependent manner. Neflamapimod demonstrated beneficial effects on additional measures of sensory and motor function. It also resulted in a dose-related increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein levels, a previously reported potential marker of synaptic plasticity that was measured in brain homogenates at sacrifice. Taken together with literature evidence on the role of p38α-dependent suppression by interleukin-1β of BDNF-mediated synaptic plasticity and BDNF production, our findings support a mechanistic model in which inhibition of p38α promotes functional recovery after ischemic stroke by blocking the deleterious effects of interleukin-1β on synaptic plasticity. The dose-related in vivo efficacy of neflamapimod offers the possibility of having a therapy for stroke that could be initiated outside the short time window for neuroprotection and for improving recovery after a completed stroke.
Fibrosis regression is induced by AdhMMP8 in a murine model of chronic kidney injury
Authors: Contreras-Salinas Homero , Meza-Rios Alejandra , García-Bañuelos Jesús , Sandoval-Rodriguez Ana , Sanchez-Orozco Laura , García-Benavides Leonel , De la Rosa-Bibiano Ricardo , Monroy Ramirez Hugo Christian , Gutiérrez-Cuevas Jorge , Santos-Garcia Arturo , Armendariz-Borunda Juan
Published: December 2020

Adenoviral vector AdhMMP8 (human Metalloproteinase-8 cDNA) administration has been proven beneficial in various experimental models of liver injury improving liver function and decreasing fibrosis. In this study, we evaluated the potential therapeutic AdhMMP8 effect in a chronic kidney damage experimental model. Chronic injury was induced by orogastric adenine administration (100mg/kg/day) to Wistar rats for 4 weeks. AdhMMP8 (3x1011vp/kg) was administrated in renal vein during an induced-ligation-ischemic period to facilitate kidney transduction causing no-additional kidney injury as determined by histology and serum creatinine. Animals were sacrificed at 7- and 14-days post-Ad injection. Fibrosis, histopathological features, serum creatinine (sCr), BUN, and renal mRNA expression of αSMA, Col-1α, TGF-β1, CTGF, BMP7, IL-1, TNFα, VEGF and PAX2 were analyzed. Interestingly, AdhMMP8 administration resulted in cognate human MMP8 protein detection in both kidneys, whereas hMMP8 mRNA was detected only in the left kidney. AdhMMP8 significantly reduced kidney tubule-interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis. Also, tubular atrophy and interstitial inflammation were clearly decreased rendering improved histopathology, and down regulation of profibrogenic genes expression. Functionally, sCr and BUN were positively modified. The results showed that AdhMMP8 decreased renal fibrosis, suggesting that MMP8 could be a possible therapeutic candidate for kidney fibrosis treatment.
Mechanistic studies of gene delivery into mammalian cells by electrical short-circuiting via an aqueous droplet in dielectric oil
Authors: Kurita Hirofumi , Nihonyanagi Hirohito , Watanabe Yuki , Sugano Kenta , Shinozaki Ryuto , Kishikawa Kenta , Numano Rika , Takashima Kazunori
Published: December 2020

We have developed a novel methodology for the delivery of cell-impermeable molecules, based on electrical short-circuiting via a water droplet in dielectric oil. When a cell suspension droplet is placed between a pair of electrodes with an intense DC electric field, droplet bouncing and droplet deformation, which results in an instantaneous short-circuit, can be induced, depending on the electric field strength. We have demonstrated successful transfection of various mammalian cells using the short-circuiting; however, the molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, flow cytometric assays were performed with Jurkat cells. An aqueous droplet containing Jurkat cells and plasmids carrying fluorescent proteins was treated with droplet bouncing or short-circuiting. The short-circuiting resulted in sufficient cell viability and fluorescent protein expression after 24 hours’ incubation. In contrast, droplet bouncing did not result in successful gene transfection. Transient membrane pore formation was investigated by uptake of a cell-impermeable fluorescence dye YO-PRO-1 and the influx of calcium ions. As a result, short-circuiting increased YO-PRO-1 fluorescence intensity and intracellular calcium ion concentration, but droplet bouncing did not. We also investigated the contribution of endocytosis to the transfection. The pre-treatment of cells with endocytosis inhibitors decreased the efficiency of gene transfection in a concentration-dependent manner. Besides, the use of pH-sensitive dye conjugates indicated the formation of an acidic environment in the endosomes after the short-circuiting. Endocytosis is a possible mechanism for the intracellular delivery of exogenous DNA.
The endothelial dysfunction blocker CU06-1004 ameliorates choline-deficient L-amino acid diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice
Authors: Bae Cho-Rong , Zhang Haiying , Kwon Young-Guen
Published: December 2020

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe, advanced form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that is associated with features of metabolic syndrome and characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. In addition, NASH is associated with endothelial dysfunction within the hepatic vasculature. Treatment with CU06-1004 (previously called Sac-1004) ameliorates endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting hyperpermeability and inflammation. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of CU06-1004 in a choline-deficient L-amino acid (CDAA)-induced mouse model of NASH for 3 or 6 weeks. Specifically, we evaluated the effects of CU06-1004 on lipid accumulation, inflammation, hepatic fibrosis, and liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) capillarization through biochemical analysis, immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR. We found that the administration of CU06-1004 to mice improved liver triglyceride (TG) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in this CDAA-induced model of NASH for 6 weeks. In groups of NASH induced mice for both 3 and 6 weeks, CU06-1004 significantly reduced the hepatic expression of genes related to lipogenesis, inflammation, and cell adhesion. However, expression of genes related to hepatic fibrosis and vascular endothelial changes were only decreased in animals with mild NASH. These results suggest that the administration of CU06-1004 suppresses hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and LSEC capillarization in a CDAA-induced mouse model of NASH. This suggests that CU06-1004 has therapeutic potential for the treatment of mild NASH.
The Masters athlete in Olympic weightlifting: Training, lifestyle, health challenges, and gender differences
Authors: Huebner Marianne , Meltzer David , Ma Wenjuan , Arrow Holly
Published: December 2020

Background

Olympic weightlifting requires strength, speed, and explosive power. Vigorous physical activity such as Olympic weightlifting, for older adults has many benefits from improved strength, social interactions, and a healthy and independent lifestyle. Little is known about the training habits, health, and lifestyle of Masters weightlifters that includes top level athletes as well as beginners, and there is a dearth of data on women.

Objectives

The primary aim was to describe demographics, training habits, and health including prevalence of injury and chronic disease in male and female Masters athletes in Olympic weightlifting. The secondary aim was to study gender differences and the age and impact of menopause on participation in the sport.

Results

The 958 participants (46% men), ages 34 to 87, mostly train 3 to 4 days per week in 1 to 2 hour sessions. This is a highly educated and affluent group, 84% are white, 72% are married, 85% are post-secondary graduates. Exercise can also increase the risk of injury compared to less active older adults, but the rates of injury in weightlifting affecting training are lower than seen in other sports. The prevalence of depression and mental health is similar to a general population. Stress levels and sleep disturbances are more common among women than men. Women reach menopause at a similar age as women in industrialized countries, but menopausal symptoms constrained the training.

Conclusion

Older athletes are capable of rigorous training programs and top performances while adjusting to changes due to biological aging. Weightlifting athletes, coaches, and health professionals must be aware of patterns of injuries and gender differences to incorporate successful prevention strategies. Knowledge of presentations of menopause and impact of menopausal symptoms on training allows women and health care providers to make informed treatment decisions.
A natural mutation between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV determines neutralization by a cross-reactive antibody
Authors: Wu Nicholas C. , Yuan Meng , Bangaru Sandhya , Huang Deli , Zhu Xueyong , Lee Chang-Chun D. , Turner Hannah L. , Peng Linghang , Yang Linlin , Burton Dennis R. , Nemazee David , Ward Andrew B. , Wilson Ian A.
Published: December 2020

Epitopes that are conserved among SARS-like coronaviruses are attractive targets for design of cross-reactive vaccines and therapeutics. CR3022 is a SARS-CoV neutralizing antibody to a highly conserved epitope on the receptor binding domain (RBD) on the spike protein that is able to cross-react with SARS-CoV-2, but with lower affinity. Using x-ray crystallography, mutagenesis, and binding experiments, we illustrate that of four amino acid differences in the CR3022 epitope between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, a single mutation P384A fully determines the affinity difference. CR3022 does not neutralize SARS-CoV-2, but the increased affinity to SARS-CoV-2 P384A mutant now enables neutralization with a similar potency to SARS-CoV. We further investigated CR3022 interaction with the SARS-CoV spike protein by negative-stain EM and cryo-EM. Three CR3022 Fabs bind per trimer with the RBD observed in different up-conformations due to considerable flexibility of the RBD. In one of these conformations, quaternary interactions are made by CR3022 to the N-terminal domain (NTD) of an adjacent subunit. Overall, this study provides insights into antigenic variation and potential cross-neutralizing epitopes on SARS-like viruses.
Mixing Music: Perspective on Music Production, Russ Hepworth-Sawyer and Jay Hodgson (eds) (2017)
Authors: Anthony Brendan
Published: December 2020

Review of: Mixing Music: Perspective on Music Production, Russ Hepworth-Sawyer and Jay Hodgson (eds) (2017)

New York: Routledge, 286 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-13821-873-4, p/bk, AUD 100
Light this city: Allen Ginsberg, street art and urban intervention
Authors: Mackenzie James Alexander
Published: December 2020

This article argues that Beat poet Allen Ginsberg and unauthorized street artists perform a common function in regard to urban intervention. In the first place, they respond to a shared historical context, namely the ruthless shaping of the American urban landscape to obey the logic of capitalism. They also use similar artistic methods to critique this violent process, as I show through a comparative analysis of Ginsberg’s Moloch and the Obey figure designed by street artist Shepard Fairey. In both cases, a monstrous figure is placed within the city to show the urban landscape for what it really is. At the same time, the work of poets such as Ginsberg and various street artists suggests that the city can be redeemed from its fallen state, by representing it as a space where a vast number of potentially liberating behaviours are possible. Furthermore, I will argue that the common function performed by Ginsberg and unauthorized street artists can help explain the mutual reverence that exists between them.
Handcraft as urban intervention: In recognition of the Rochester Ladies’ Anti-Slavery Sewing Society
Authors: Mandell Hinda
Published: December 2020

In 1851, in Rochester, New York, a group of nineteen women banded together as the founding members of an anti-slavery group in order to support the work of the abolitionist, writer, orator and newspaper publisher, Frederick Douglass. They were the benefactors of Frederick Douglass, himself regarded as the founder of the twentieth-century Civil Rights movement. They called themselves the Rochester Ladies’ Anti-Slavery Sewing Society, although they dropped ‘Sewing’ from their group’s name in 1855. Yet the fact that ‘Sewing’ was included in the original name of this reformist group indicates the foundational role of craft not only as a guiding activity, but also as a key activist mechanism to abolish the institution of slavery. This article explains how a contemporary craft intervention in downtown Rochester, New York, involving 400 swatches contributed from across the United States, sought to honour and reclaim the history of this social-reformist group, at Corinthian Hall, the physical location where they held their abolitionist fundraising bazaars in the nineteenth century. That building is now a parking lot in the heart of central Rochester. Ultimately, yarn is argued to be a social-action tool to help reverse historic erasure in a crowded urban environment.
Women’s travel writing in the cyberworld – ecofeminist and difference feminist approaches in travel blogs
Authors: Riggert Mirja
Published: December 2020

This paper intends to track the development of traditional feminist ideas through the analysis of three contemporary travel blogs. These traditional feminist concepts are to be seen in the construction of a collective female identity that enables transnational and transgenerational solidarity: by receiving and transmitting inspiration, shelter and encouragement among female travellers, the narrators in the blogs create a system of female authority. Within this system, female role models as well as maternal figures become points of reference that help to revalue female attributes. This concept shows allusions to the theory of difference feminism as it is presented in the «symbolic order of the mother» by Luisa Muraro. A similar approach of revaluating femininity happens through the orientation towards ‘Mother Nature’. By staging women’s ability to give birth, cultural ecofeminists like Susan Griffin intend to affirm a close bond between women and nature. This representation of an emphasised femininity becomes a central marker in the narratives of the blogs. While this agenda might be designed to counter gendered spaces and the traditional alienation of women within travel discourse, it is problematised by exclusionary and essentialist definitions of femininity that harden engendered binaries like masculinity/femininity or nature/culture.
Beyond epistemological confinement: The sentimental ethos of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu’s The Turkish Embassy Letters
Authors: Caballero Aceituno Yolanda
Published: December 2020

In the eighteenth century sentimentalism emerged as an ideological and artistic movement highlighting the value of an alternative episteme that posed a challenge to the cult of reason. The Turkish Embassy Letters (1763), by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, are permeated by a sentimental rhetoric aimed at materialising an ethos based on openness, cultural symbiosis and epistemological expansion that contributed to destabilising patriarchal Anglocentric narratives. Following Yuri M. Lotman, in her fruitful mediating position between two different cultural «semiospheres» (Eastern and Western), Montagu could be described as a frontier writer who used her physical journey as a vehicle for literaturising a vitalist cosmovision enabling her to transcend epistemological and emotional constraints. The ideology of her epistolary narrative was effectively encoded by using sentimental motifs, tropes and ideas that generated a unique textuality, the anatomy of which is analysed in this article.
Társadalmi felelősségvállalás a személyes vélemények oldaláról = Social responsibility from the viewpoint of personal opinions
Authors: Berényi László
Published: December 2020

A vállalatok társadalmi felelősségvállalása választ adhat a globális problémák megoldására. Azzal, hogy a környezeti és társadalmi ügyeket üzleti kategóriaként kezeli, új lehetőségeket nyitott meg a megközelítés, azonban az alapvető változások még nem érezhetők. A szerző kutatásában e témakört vizsgálja a személyes vélemények és attitűdök oldaláról. A gazdasági érdekek elsődlegessége mellett az ismerethiány az olyan tényező, amely szakadékot képez az elmélet és a gyakorlat között. Mivel a magatartásformák megváltoztatása időigényes kihívás, a közeljövő eredményei azzal biztosíthatók, ha a leendő döntéshozók sajátosságaikat megismerve a menedzsmenteszközöket igazítják a lehetőségekhez. A tanulmány egy átfogó, empirikus kutatás eredményei alapján mutatja be, hogy a felsőoktatásban tanulók, mint a jövő vezetői, hogyan viszonyulnak a fenntartható fejlődés és a CSR kérdéséhez. _____ The tools of corporate social responsibility (CSR) may support the solving of global problems by handling them as a business category. This expands the possibilities, but the breakthrough is still missing. The author’s research activity analyses the relations from the viewpoint of personal opinions and attitudes. There is a huge lack between the theories and the practical application that can be explained by the economic interest and the deficiencies of knowledge. Since changing the behaviour is a time-consuming challenge, the focus must be on discovering the present characteristics of the future decision makers and adjusting the management methods to the results. The paper summarises the results of an empiric research that opinions and attitudes of higher education students to sustainable development and CSR.
Innovációs kalandozások az elmélettől a stratégiáig = Innovation adventuring from theory to strategy
Authors: Fejes József
Published: December 2020

A cikk célja, hogy közelebb vigye az olvasót az innováció és az innovációmenedzsment kérdésköréhez. A tanulmány az innováció témakörének feldolgozását a vállalatelméleti alapoktól kezdi, majd konkrét stratégiai megfontolásokig jut el a cikk végére. A tanulmány széles körű hazai és nemzetközi szakirodalom alapján tárja fel az innováció vállalatelméleti gyökereit. A felhasznált irodalom nem ragad meg elméleti szinten, hiszen a tanulmány lefordítja ezeket az elméleti koncepciókat valós, gyakorlatorientált üzleti nyelvre. Célja, hogy a nagyvilágban szétszórt elméleteket letisztítsa, és a modern kori menedzsmentelvekkel szintetizálja. A cikk az innovációt a vállalati értékteremtés szemszögéből vizsgálja. Megállapítja, hogy az innováció számos vállalatelmélet tanait integrálja egybe, aminek következtében a stratégiai implikációk is széles spektrumon mozoghatnak. Ahogy az innováció változást indukál a szervezetben, úgy bukkannak fel komplex optimalizálási dilemmák, amelyek a turbulens gazdasági környezetben, a rövidülő reakcióidők miatt, egyre nagyobb kihívást okoznak a menedzserek számára. A cikk ezeket a dilemmákat mutatja be vitaindító attitűddel, valamint az elmélet és a gyakorlat szintetizálásával. ____ The aim of the article is to bring the reader closer to the topic of innovation management through several company theories and strategic implications. This study is based on a wide range of international literature which is interpreted in a practice oriented way. This article is summarizing the sporadic information on innovation as well as makes an effort on synthesizing this knowledge. The aspect of observation is mainly based on corporate value creation. As innovation causes changes into the organization company leaders have to face complex economic optimization questions. These management dilemmas are not easy to solve in this turbulent business environment. This article tries to highlight these strategic level issues around innovation management by synthesizing theoretical knowledge with business implications.
EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS
Authors: Rodrigues Vanessa Elisabete Raue , Moreira Jandira Bregonde
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo objetivou investigar as políticas públicas educacionais direcionadas a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), averiguando a inclusão de tal modalidade de ensino no contexto educativo brasileiro. Para tanto, buscou levantar elementos sobre a trajetória histórica da EJA, enfocando os aspectos sociais, econômicos e históricos do público da EJA, bem como suas especificidades de vida e o contexto social em que estão inseridos. A construção do trabalho deu-se por meio da pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico. As análises tiveram como suporte o método dialético que permitiu a realização dos estudos a partir de uma visão dialética sob as relações sociais, os conflitos e as lutas de classe existentes em nossa sociedade capitalista, sobretudo, no âmbito educacional.
VIAGEM PELA HISTÓRIA DA ARTE
Authors: Rutz Mairin Jordane , Azevedo Cláudio Tarouco de
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Este artigo busca contribuir nas discussões sobre materiais didáticos (Hofstaetter, 2015; 2016; 2017) e lúdicos (Huizinga, 1998) para o ensino de História da Arte. A pesquisa se desenvolveu no âmbito do Ensino Médio com uma turma da escola pública de Arroio do Padre/RS, tendo como estratégia lúdico/pedagógica para trabalhar temas da História da Arte a proposição de “viagem” e a utilização de materiais como malas, mapas, passaporte, carimbos e diários de viagem. A pesquisa contou com bolsa de Iniciação Científica da FAPERGS e promoveu a retroalimentação com o campo de ensino que fomentou a produção dos dados oriundos da experiência escolar. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, apontando grande interesse por parte dos estudantes com a proposta, agregando a eles novos saberes.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL COMO UM ESPAÇO DE RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO E COMPREENSÃO DO SER
Authors: Santos Bruna Carolina de Lima Siqueira dos , Mota Junior Cesar , Uriarte Mônica Zewe
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo apresenta reflexões teóricas que resultam de uma pesquisa em andamento. Este insere-se no contexto da dimensão estética e sensível da Educação Ambiental. As reflexões aqui presentes são desenvolvidas objetivando apresentar subsídios para compreensão dos princípios da Educação Ambiental e suas novas ontologias. Como objetivos específicos busca-se reafirmar a EA como educação em si e não à parte dela. Busca-se ainda ressaltar a relevância da EA em todos os níveis, espaços e contextos sociais.
QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE IMPERATRIZ-MA: UMA ANÁLISE MULTICRITÉRIO DE INDICADORES INTRA-URBANOS
Authors: Santos Rodrigo Lima , Nunes Fabrizia Gioppo , Dos Santos Alex Mota
Published: December 2020

Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a qualidade ambiental da cidade de Imperatriz-MA, utilizando-se de abordagens integrativas de dados do meio físico-estrutural e censitários. Para a confecção da carta de qualidade ambiental, consideraram-se os indicadores relacionados à carência da oferta de serviços públicos essenciais como os de saneamento básico; densidade demográfica; grau de urbanização e verticalização das edificações; dificuldade da mobilidade urbana; escassez ou ausência de vegetação arbórea e arbustiva e de espaços públicos de lazer; além de fatores geomorfológicos como áreas de riscos a inundações e alagamentos. A metodologia incluiu levantamento bibliográfico, utilização de dados censitários, bem como de dados primários oriundos do processamento digital de imagens de sensoriamento remoto. A carta síntese de qualidade ambiental urbana foi realizada por meio da Análise Multicritério, via combinação por somatória das variáveis que representam indicadores negativos, ou seja, daqueles desfavoráveis à qualidade ambiental. O município de Imperatriz apresentou valores que a posicionam em uma faixa de qualidade ambiental intermediária, englobando o equivalente a 78,37% de seu perímetro urbano mapeado. Neste cenário, conclui-se que, quanto mais próximo do núcleo urbano, a qualidade ambiental é mais precária, devido à maior somatória de variáreis negativas encontradas nestas regiões de bairros mais antigos da cidade.
DINÂMICA DO DESMATAMENTO EM ÁREA DE ASSENTAMENTO DE REFORMA AGRÁRIA NO SUDESTE PARAENSE
Authors: Amorim Ismael Alves , Mello Andrea Hentz de , Homma Alfredo Kingo Oyama , Pontes Altem Nascimento
Published: December 2020

O Sudeste Paraense é uma região que foi alvo das medidas de integração da Amazônia ao núcleo econômico e político do país e dentre essas medidas está a reforma agrária, realizada com base na criação de assentamentos em áreas desapropriadas. Porém, o descaso e a falta de planejamento com esse processo de colonização resultaram em altos índices de desflorestamento ao longo do tempo, colocando os assentamentos no foco das atuais discussões sobre o desmatamento na Amazônia. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a dinâmica do desmatamento e suas relações com o contexto histórico e agrário no Projeto de Assentamento 26 de Março, em um universo temporal entre 1990 a 2019. Para a consolidação dos objetivos foram utilizados dados de sensoriamento remoto e Sistemas de Informações Geográficas - SIG para o processamento dos dados e confecção de produtos cartográficos. Os resultados mostraram que a área de floresta do assentamento foi suprimida em 50%, dando lugar, sobretudo, as atividades agropecuárias, representando em 2019, mais que 65% do total da área de estudo. Assim, ressalta-se a necessidade do fortalecimento de políticas públicas adequadas à realidade do assentamento, bem como a geração, difusão e acesso a alternativas de produção sustentáveis.
SANTUÁRIO FABRICADO: UMA TIPOLOGIA E UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Lima Francisco John Lennon Alves Paixão , Lima Maria das Graças de
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo apresenta uma discussão acerca do conceito de santuário fabricado, fruto de quatro anos de pesquisa em curso de doutoramento em Geografia, com foco em Geografia Cultural. A pesquisa tem como área de enfoque a região sul do Brasil, tendo sido catalogados 101 santuários oficiais católicos. Metodologicamente, no que diz respeito a promoção da referida tese de doutoramento, realizou-se um levantamento do quadro de santuários oficiais presentes no sul brasileiro, aplicou-se questionário, fez-se entrevista e pesquisa em sites, artigos e livros. A necessidade de se trabalhar com o referido tema se justifica pela dificuldade de aplicação do conceito de santuário à realidade de alguns espaços sacroprofanos interdependentes (LIMA,2016), com base no código de direito canônico número 1230 e em autores que estudam ou estudaram o conceito de santuário, como Rubert (1987), Santos (2008) e Rosendahl (1996, 2014). Percebeu-se que, aos santuários fabricados, é inviável igualá-los conceitualmente a outros complexos sacroprofanos interdependentes: as características são signicamente distintas, desde o movimento de peregrinos à dinamização e organização espacial, ritual e turística do complexo, o que envolve seu espaço de entorno, mas também sua territorialização. Além disso, no santuário fabricado não há peregrinação ou esta ocorre de forma ínfima.
DEFINIÇÃO DE REGIÕES HIDROLOGICAMENTE HOMOGÊNEAS A PARTIR DE TÉCNICAS DE ESTATÍSTICA MULTIVARIADA NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO ITAPICURU - BA COM BASE EM DADOS FÍSICO-CLIMÁTICOS E DE SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO
Authors: Albuquerque Ytallo Rafaell Teixeira de , De Almeida André Quintão , Arcieri Mariana Stocco , Mendes Ludmilson Abritta
Published: December 2020

A pouca informação fluviométrica relacionada à inconsistência espaço-temporal de dados históricos disponíveis, tem resultado em grande restrição para se representar a dinâmica dos recursos hídricos em estudos hidrológicos, principalmente das vazões. Nesse contexto, buscam-se metodologias para estimar a vazão em locais sem monitoramento. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar regiões hidrologicamente homogêneas na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Itapicuru (BHRI), localizada ao nordeste do Estado da Bahia, via técnica de análise de agrupamento, através do método clustering híbrido k-means hierárquico, utilizando a distância como medida de similaridade a partir de variáveis físico-climáticas e de relevo. Foram definidas três regiões hidrologicamente homogêneas na bacia hidrográfica com base nas variáveis explicativas: precipitação, evapotranspiração, relação precipitação-evapotranspiração, área e índice de vegetação de diferença normalizada – NDVI. O algoritmo do método proposto mostrou-se eficiente para o agrupamento dos dados utilizados, onde foi possível encontrar as características de cada cluster formado, sem haver sobreposição de dados nos intervalos das variáveis analisadas. Por fim, essas regiões auxiliarão em estudos de regionalização e contribuirão para o planejamento e gestão dos recursos hídricos.
DINÂMICA DA PRODUÇÃO AGRÍCOLA NO MUNICÍPIO DE PALMITINHO / RS ENTRE OS ANOS DE 1988 E 2017
Authors: Capoane Viviane
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho objetivou analisar a dinâmica da produção agrícola nos últimos 30 anos e, os impactos ambientais associados, no município de Palmitinho, noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados do período entre 1988 e 2017 foram obtidos no Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática. Mapas temáticos de uso e cobertura da terra, relevo e distribuição espacial das granjas de suínos e aviários foram gerados a fim de subsidiar a análise dos dados. No período analisado, a área utilizada para o plantio de culturas temporárias diminuiu 87,7%. Parte dessas áreas foram convertidas em pastagens e o restante encontra-se em regeneração natural. Na pecuária, destacam-se a produção intensiva de suínos e aves e, a bovinocultura leiteira. As atividades agrícolas desenvolvidas no município, embora tenham grande importância econômica e social, têm provocado uma forte pressão sobre os recursos naturais, principalmente solo e água.
Unusual Ocular Findings in Children's Acute Leukemia Cases
Authors: Hejcmanová Dagmar , Langrová Hana , Jebavá Růžena , Hak Jiří
Published: December 2020

The most frequent ocular findings in acute leukemia cases of children and two of our own observations are presented in this study. Emphasized are all difficulties in fixing the diagnosis and the necessity of close cooperation between ophthalmologist, pediatrist and radiologist to prevent the irreversible ocular changes.