bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O aporte das fontes inquisitoriais para uma história da difusão social da leitura e da escrita no Brasil colonial
Authors: Lobo Tânia , Sartori Ana , Soares Rodrigo Mota
Published: November 2016

O Brasil é um país de escolarização em massa e imprensa tardias. Paradoxalmente, é através dos espaços institucionais formais, sobretudo a escola, que se tem buscado traçar a história da distribuição social da leitura e da escrita na sociedade brasileira, não necessariamente, contudo, tomando tal questão como foco – em uma abordagem global, de caráter sociológico e demográfico –, mas apenas dando pistas para a sua compreensão, através, por exemplo, da história das políticas educacionais, do mapeamento dos métodos de ensino ou ainda da história da construção dos materiais didáticos, enfatizando-se, na maioria das vezes, o analfabetismo da população. Identifica-se, portanto, uma carência de investigações, que, contemplando novas fontes, novos métodos, novos espaços, novos atores, abordem a multifacetada questão da distribuição social da leitura e da escrita na sociedade brasileira, desde as suas origens coloniais. Buscando contribuir para preencher tal lacuna, o projeto Leitura e escrita aos olhos da Inquisição objetiva traçar, a partir da análise das fontes documentais produzidas pelas visitações do Santo Ofício, um quadro aproximativo da faculdade das letras na América colonial portuguesa. Neste artigo, apresentam-se resultados parciais das pesquisas desenvolvidas no âmbito do referido projeto, analisando-se o conjunto de depoimentos prestados e assinados perante o Santo Ofício constantes do Livro das Denunciações e do Livro das Confissões e Reconciliações, escritos ambos quando da segunda visitação da Inquisição à Capitania da Bahia, entre 1618 e 1620. Cruzando a variável binária assinante versus não assinante com as variáveis sexo, origem geográfica do depoente, etnia, condição religiosa e categoria socioocupacional, esboça-se um perfil sociológico dos letrados nos primórdios da colonização, contexto marcadamente multilíngue e de quase ausência de instituições voltadas à alfabetização. Ao abarcar a questão da distribuição social da leitura e da escrita no período colonial, abarca-se uma das questões-chave para a compreensão da história social do português brasileiro.
Adjuntos temporais e measure phrases: uma proposta semântica
Authors: Bergamini-Perez João Francisco , Basso Renato Miguel
Published: November 2016

O estudo semântico dos fenômenos tempo-aspectuais é uma área importante da chamada “semântica de eventos”. Um dos objetivos das pesquisas que investigam esse fenômeno é a delimitação dos diferentes tipos de eventos, denotados por predicados verbais (a acionalidade dos eventos), assim como a análise de nuances aspectuais e da referência temporal.Os adjuntos temporais, como ‘por X tempo’ e ‘em X tempo’, são duas importantes ferramentas utilizadas para efetuarmos distinções acionais e aspectuais, desde os trabalhos de Vendler (1957). Contudo, há diversos adjuntos temporais para além desses dois, como ‘durante X tempo’, ‘até X tempo’ e ‘de X a Y tempo’, cuja investigação semântica ainda é bastante incipiente.Sendo assim, o objetivo principal deste artigo é apresentar uma análise semântico-pragmática dos últimos adjuntos mencionados acima, comparando-os com os adjuntos ‘por X tempo’ e ‘em X tempo’, com o intuito de fornecer a eles uma descrição nos termos da semântica formal das línguas naturais. Para tanto, investigaremos, por exemplo, os padrões de inferência que esses adjuntos engendram, as possibilidades de alcance do telos para certas combinações, interpretações habituais de eventos, dentre outras. E, com isso, tentaremos elucidar o papel de determinados adjuntos temporais em diferentes relações com predicados verbais.
Politeness strategies in a Mesoamerican language isolate
Authors: Mendoza Martha
Published: November 2016

Aunque la cortesía lingüística ha sido un tema de investigación desde hace varios años, todavía existen muchos idiomas que han sido escasamente considerados en esos estudios; uno de ellos es el purépecha, lengua mesoamericana aislada que aún se habla en México por más de 124,000 personas. Dado que los hablantes de diferentes idiomas poseen distintos medios para expresar la cortesía, es crucial investigar las estrategias específicas de cortesía de los hablantes de distintas lenguas y así acrecentar nuestro conocimiento de las funciones sociales del lenguaje. Así, este trabajo representa un estudio de las principales estrategias de cortesía en purépecha, comparándolas con estrategias similares del español; por ejemplo, el uso de pronombres de respeto, de enclíticos pronominales, y de tiempos verbales como el futuro y el condicional. Además, la comparación de estos dos idiomas tan distantes tipológicamente puede contribuir a esclarecer la posible universalidad de teorías relacionadas a la cortesía lingüística.
Vitalidad lingüística de la lengua paipai de Santa Catarina, Baja California
Authors: Fernández Manuel Alejandro Sánchez , Rojas-Berscia Luis Miguel
Published: November 2016

Las lenguas yumanas han recibido poca atención en el campo de la sociolingüística mexicana en las últimas décadas. En aras de suplir esta falta, presentamos un primer estudio sobre la vitalidad lingüística de la lengua paipai de Santa Catarina, Baja California, México. En tanto en el área estudiada se encuentran en coexistencia lenguas como el castellano mexicano y el ko’ahl, estas también forman parte del estudio. Esta primera aproximación tiene dos ejes: en primer lugar, brindar un eje teórico que explique la dinámica sociolingüística en la ecología de la lengua a tratar (Mufwene 2001) y, en segundo lugar, proporcionar un estudio cuantitativo basado en la MFC (Máxima Facilidad Compartida) (Terborg & García 2011) que dé cuenta del estado de vitalidad lingüística del paipai, enriquecido por información cualitativa recopilada in situ.
Sintaxe e semântica do verbo em línguas indígenas no Brasil
Authors: Gomes Antonio Almir Silva
Published: November 2016

Resenha do livro "A Estrutura das línguas indígenas brasileiras" organizado por Luciana Storto; Bruna Franchetto;  Suzi Lima(2015).
Vallejos Yopán, Rosa; Amías Murayari, Rosa (2015). Diccionario Kukama-Kukamiria* Castellano. Lima: Programa de Formación de Maestros Bilingües de la Amazonía Peruana- FORMABIAP y AIDESEP. Pp. 312. ISBN 2015-11522.
Authors: Chavarria Maria C.
Published: November 2016

El Diccionario Kukama-Kukamiria*Castellano es un diccionario descriptivo, sincrónico de la lengua Kukama-Kukamiria de la familia Tupí Guaraní.
Sousândrade e Martí: a América contra a 'America'
Authors: Pinto Júlio Pimentel
Published: November 2016

Na segunda metade do século XIX, o cubano José Martí e o brasileiro Joaquim de Souza Andrade, Sousândrade, construíram suas utopias da América. Naquele momento e na perspectiva dos dois autores, era preciso rejeitar a crescente influência política e econômica dos Estados Unidos – o que os levou a adotar posturas francamente anti-norte-americanas – e buscar origens e mecanismos capazes de articular as várias partes da América, oferecendo, assim, uma alternativa ao modelo estadunidense de America.
A relocalização regional da vanguarda: a revista Arturo entre as escolhas artísticas e as conexões culturais sul-americanas
Authors: García María Amalia
Published: November 2016

Arturo. Revista de Artes Abstractas despontou, com gestos vanguardistas, no campo artístico portenho, no verão de 1944. Artistas e poetas unidos buscavam fixar significados e constituir uma plataforma de ação estética transformadora que envolvesse um projeto internacionalista. Esse posicionamento, que se entendia como avançado, implicava uma atuação protagonista em uma leitura revolucionária da história. Em meados dos anos 1940, parecia que o presente atroz transformar-se-ia brevemente em um mundo utópico. A mudança seria total e a superação das estruturas burguesas permitiria eliminar a separação entre arte e vida. Esses artistas se encontravam, se entendiam... constituindo um (pequeno) núcleo isolado e precursor que inscrevia seus valores em um espaço cultural ampliado. A revista inventava a forma do novo.
Construcción de un corpus literario latinoamericano y caribeño (CLLyC) en impreso para sus búsquedas en soporte digital
Authors: Vila Adrian Rubén
Published: November 2016

O artigo tem como objetivo propor um modelo metodológico para a construção de um corpus de literatura latino-americana e caribenha, que fora desenhado no marco de uma pesquisa sobre transposição dessa literatura do suporte impresso ao digital (VILA, 2015). Porém, essa metodologia também pode ser utilizada para outros objetos de pesquisa, na medida em que permite incluir formas textuais sistêmicas e extrasistémicas, canônicas e não-canônicas. Além disso, apresentam-se alguns resultados das buscas em plataformas e bibliotecas digitais dos títulos do corpus. Destacamos que a eficácia do método deve ser mensurada pela sua capacidade de fornecer respostas a algumas das questões levantadas como estratégia para a construção do corpus: "corpus de quê?", "corpus para quê?", "quais os resultados que o desenho metodológico permite obter?".
A extinção da América Latina: Asco
Authors: Ribeiro Helano Jader Cavalcante
Published: November 2016

A des-feita do olhar europeu pelo latino-americano é o tema central deste artigo. Deste modo, surge o livro Asco de Horacio Castellano Moya que, apoiado no campo da indecidibilidade arma seu jogo de différance politicamente estético em torno de San Salvador. Apropriado do nome do escritor Thomas Bernhard e sua estética da repetição, caminha Moya para a desconstrução dos nomes próprios e de uma origem matricial, desestruturando, assim, a dependência entre o original e sua cópia. Este é, sobretudo, um gesto político. No trabalho arqueológico proposto no presente artigo o pulo original [Ursprung] às memórias do narrador se revela redentor a partir do momento em que Moya resolve contar a história dos vencidos.
Paisagem nas Américas: pinturas da Terra do Fogo ao Ártico
Authors: Eleutério Maria de Lourdes
Published: November 2016

Resenha de "Paisagem nas Américas: pinturas da Terra do Fogo ao Ártico"
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Matematika melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Snowball Throwing
Authors: Firdaus Andi Mulawakkan
Published: November 2016

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Eksperimen semu yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil belajar siswa SMP Negeri 13 Makassar yang diajar dengan menggunakan Model Kooperatif Tipe Snowball Throwing dan Metode Ekspositori, serta untuk mengetahui apakah model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Snowball Throwing efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 13 Makassar. Luaran yang akan dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan alternatif pembelajaran yang tidak monoton sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa dan perangkat pembelajaran (silabus dan RPP) yang berorientasi pada pembelajaran koperatif tipe Snowball Throwing. Subjek penelitian dibagi dalam 2 kelompok, yakni kelompok eksperimen yang diajar dengan menggunakan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Snowball Throwing dan kelompok kontrol yang diajar dengan menggunakan metode ekspositori. Setiap kelompok diajar dengan frekuensi pertemuan yang sama dengan materi yang sama. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Snowball Throwing lebih efektif jika dibandingkan dengan penerapan metode ekspositori untuk pokok bahasan sistem persamaan linear dua variabel.
Pengaruh Readiness dan Self-Confidence terhadap Penguasaan Geometri Transformasi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo
Authors: Astuti Erni Puji , Kurniasih Nila , Nugraheni Puji
Published: November 2016

Penelitian kuantitatif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara readiness, self-confidence, serta readiness dan self-confidence secara bersama-sama terhadap penguasaan  mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Geometri Transformasi. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika yang mengambil mata kuliah Geometri Transformasi. Sampel diambil 25% dari populasi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengukur readiness dan self-confidence dan dokumentasi untuk memperoleh data penguasaan mahasiswa. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi dan analisis korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara readiness, self-confidence, serta readiness dan self-confidence secara bersama-sama terhadap penguasaan mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Geometri Transformasi
Conflict Risk and Its Implication on Economy and Financial System
Authors: Hacioglu Umit , Dincer Hasan , Celik Ismail Erkan
Published: November 2016

Considering the impacts of the conflict on the economic parameters in terms of macroeconomics, the following factors might affect the profitability of the company: foreign capital outflows, decrease in exports, increase in the interest rates, disruption of the investment climate, increase in the exchange rates, increase in the costs of import entry etc. Due to the expectable decrease in profit shares as to the investors, the contraction in the risk appetite will cause volatility in the prices of equity securities markets based on the impacts of the conflict, and the equity securities will depreciate. In this study, the main contributions on conflict risk and related econometric models have been discussed.
Changing Notions of “Ideal” Monkhood: A Case Study from a Satra of Majuli
Authors: Sharma Pranalee , Singh Asha
Published: November 2016

All religions were initially founded with the aim of purifying men and women and helping them to lead ethical lives through prayers. However, unfortunately religion evolved to be a force reinforcing discrimination diverted from the original motive of religion. The Vaishnavite faith initiated by the 15th century Guru, Mahapurush Srimanta Shankardeva, in the region of Assam was also based on egalitarian and humanitarian values. The ideal monkhood in a Satra is to lead a life devoid of material pleasures and offer oneself to God by taking his name all the time. The various sects that have emerged after the demise of the Guru are the proofs that the main objective of an egalitarian society has collapsed. The social hierarchy is still maintained even if the Satras claim to have removed it. The unique culture of the Satra is its liturgical training, which includes dance, drama, music and poetry. The performing art forms were specifically for the monks to be performed only within the premises of the Satra, which are now staged and have become the sources of income for many monks. The monks are more known as performing artists than religious beings or leaders. The media is a socializing agent in itself, which has changed the concept of monkhood. Ideal monkhood is still a question, and this article is an academic effort to throw light on this question. It would try to bring forth the different ways as to how the ideologies of Neo-Vaishnavism has changed with time and how the monks have adjusted to the transformation. The findings are based on both primary and secondary data using ethnographic approach.
The Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Bill, 2016: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Singh Suman
Published: November 2016

On 11 August 2016, amending the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961, the new bill, The Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Bill, 2016 was introduced and passed in the Rajya Sabha (or Council of States), the upper house of the Parliament of India. Central aim of this article is to critically review the amendments to the bill regarding geographies of maternity leave and its associated facilities.
GST in India: Expectations and challenges
Authors: Mahanta Ratul
Published: November 2016

India is ready to implement its â€œGoods and Services Tax (GST)â€ act from 1st April 2017. It is expected that GST will minimise all the loopholes of existing tax system in India. However, critics argue that the euphoria over GST camouflages the deadly assault to tax policy as a means of promoting equity and efficiency. This review on GST highlights the challenges over GST claims. It has been observed that to implement GST effectively, both centre and state have to go hand in hand.
Reading Syed Abdul Malik’s Dhanya Nara Tanu Bhaland Rudrani Sarma’s Lauhitya Tirar Amrit Gathain the light of Assamese Vaishnavite Hagiography
Authors: Sarma Dhurjjati
Published: November 2016

As part of the pan-Indian Bhakti movement, the Neo-Vaishnavite movement sought to reform the decadent modes of worship practiced in medieval Assam and, in the process, moved beyond the religious confines of the sectarian domain to influence the socio-cultural life of the milieu to which it addressed itself. An important document which enables a reading pertaining to the stated framework is the hagiography. In a hagiographic tradition, the biographical account of the saint is continually juxtaposed with the socio-cultural ethos of the contemporary spatio-temporal frameworks.
Cell salvage and revision metal on metal total hip replacements
Authors: Coventry Ruthra , Cranfield Karen , Ashcroft George Patrick
Published: November 2016

Metal on metal hip implants can result in unsafe levels of metal ions (cobalt and chromium) both locally and systemically. Intraoperative cell salvage is becoming a standard of care in revisional hip surgery, however in these circumstances where metal on metal hip implants are present, it may not be safe to use.
Lower extremity bruising in an infant with coarctation of the aorta after nasal dexmedetomidine
Authors: Miller Jeff , Shaw Elizabeth
Published: November 2016

A 4‐month‐old, 6.7kg, male with 22q11.2 microduplication, coarctation of the aorta, aortic arch hypoplasia, and bicuspid aortic valve underwent aortic arch advancement as a neonate. He presented for follow‐up transthoracic echocardiography under sedation. Following administration of 2.2 μg.kg‐1 nasal dexmedetomidine he became very fussy and both feet became hyperaemic and swollen in a “stocking” distribution. Bilateral residual bruising occurred. There were no long‐term sequelae.
Application of adaptive local iterative filtering and approximate entropy to vibration signal denoising of hydropower unit
Authors: An Xueli , Li Chaoshun , Zhang Fei
Published: November 2016

In actual field testing environments of hydropower unit, unit vibration signals are often contaminated with noise. In order to obtain the real vibration signal, a vibration signal de-noising method of hydropower unit based on adaptive local iterative filtering (ALIF) and approximate entropy is presented. For the proposed method, the ALIF method is used to decompose vibration signal into several stable components. The approximate entropy of each component is calculated. According to a preset threshold value of approximate entropy, the eligible components are retained to achieve the noise cancellation of hydropower unit’s vibration signals. The ALIF-based method and the wavelet denoising method is compared by simulation signal and real signal. The root mean square error (RMSE), partial correlation index and signal to noise ratio (SNR) are used to evaluate the noise reduction ability of two methods. The results show that compared to the classical wavelet denoising method, the noise canceling ability of this proposed method has improved in some extent. It can more effectively suppress the noise of hydropower unit’s vibration signals. The denoised vibration signals are used to synthesize the shaft orbits of hydropower unit. This can effectively identify the rotor shaft orbit graphics and the operation state of hydropower unit.
Influence of cutterhead system structure on load distribution and life of main bearing
Authors: Zhang Chunguang , Qu Fuzheng , Guo Li , Huo Junzhou , Xie Zhengyi
Published: November 2016

Service life of main bearing represents the life of tunnel boring machine (TBM) system. It is affected by the raceway load distribution which is related to the stiffness of supporting structure, as the main bearing is not rigid. To improve the service life of main bearing, the influences of key parameters of cutterhead system structure on the uniformity of load distribution are revealed, and the structure is optimized based on that. A ﬁnite element method (FEM) model of main structure is constructed to get the accurate load distribution in the main bearing for service life calculation, and the springs with nonlinear stiffness are employed to simulate the relationships between rock and cutters on the basis of Colorado School of Mines (CSM) method. Compared with the original structure, it shows that the uniformity of axial force distribution on thrust raceway increases obviously, and the service life of the main bearing is extended.
A hybrid approach of symbolic aggregate approximation and bitmap: application to fault diagnosis of reciprocating compressor valve
Authors: Duan Lixiang , Zhang Yulong , Wang Xuduo , Wang Jinjiang
Published: November 2016

Feature extraction plays an important role in machinery fault diagnosis and prognosis. The features extracted from time, frequency and time-frequency domains are widely investigated to describe the properties of overall signal from different perspectives (e.g. RMS, energy, etc.), seldom considering the sequential pattern of time-series signal in which the fault information may be embedded. This paper contributes a novel approach based on Symbolic Aggregate approXimation (SAX) framework and bitmap technology to extract fault information by analyzing sequential pattern in time-series signal for fault diagnosis. In the proposed method, SAX and bitmap are subtly combined. SAX technique reduces the dimensionality of raw data by transforming the original real valued time series into a discrete one. Fault features are extracted with bitmap representation by a simple histogram form summarizing the occurrence of the chosen symbols words, in which signal timing change character is investigated. Compared with the commonly used methods, the proposed approach has high computation efficiency and feature extraction accuracy. Experimental studies on reciprocating compressor valve demonstrate that the presented approach outperforms the methods of SAX-entropy and EMD-energy-entropy using support vector machine for classification.
A novel fault diagnosis approach of gearbox using an embedded sensor fixed gear body
Authors: Ning Shaohui , Han Zhennan , Wang Zhijian , Wu Xuefeng
Published: November 2016

The vibration signals measured from the surface of a gearbox are complex, nonlinear and non-stationary. This paper presents a novel test approach for tooth root crack fault diagnosis of a spur gearbox using an embedded piezoelectric accelerometer. This enhances the ability to extract useful fault information and provide early fault detection in gear transmission systems. The proposed method uses two piezoelectric accelerometers embedded symmetrically on the gear body, which effectively shortens the transmission path of the vibration signals stimulated by a gear fault. The proposed approach is tested by analyzing experimental data from a healthy gear system and systems with cracked gear faults. In order to extract the weak fault information from the experimental data, minimum entropy deconvolution (MED) is first used to eliminate noise from the vibration signals, and then the cyclic autocorrelation function is used to extract the frequency components. The results suggest that the proposed approach can effectively detect 2 mm and 4 mm crack faults, while traditional methods can only detect 4 mm crack faults.
Nonlinear analysis of braking delay dynamics for the progressive gears in variable operating conditions
Authors: Lonkwic Paweł , Syta Arkadiusz
Published: November 2016

The article presents the impact of variable operating conditions on the value of braking process delay for the progressive gears of PP16 type and the newly constructed CHP2000 gears. Tests were conducted in the regular working conditions with the application of mineral oil as lubricating agent. Values of delays were recorded for the loading of 400 and 1000 kg. This research study presents the recurrence plot analysis to investigate variability of received test runs. The results may be useful for testing new solutions brakes in varying conditions of service and may set new directions of research in the discussed topics.
Automatic system for measuring shifts and deformation of dental prostheses
Authors: Kuchta Marek , Siergiejczyk Mirosław , Paś Jacek
Published: November 2016

The paper presented a multi-purpose system for testing of dental prostheses within the static and kinematic conditions as well as the conditions of its stability quick analysis. The common goal of prosthetics specialists is to define biomechanical criteria shaping the restorations to protect the existing state of the biological substrate [1]. In prosthesis biomechanics, the gingival soft tissue, as substances with heterogeneous properties, are difficult to individual assessment of the value, direction and duration of the occlusion forces transmitted by the prosthesis in the life cycle [2]. More predictable are static or kinematic behaviors, reflecting the mechanical states of prosthesis design with designed shape and material properties which are possible to determine. However, static measurements of dentures do not reflect their work in natural conditions [3], and can only designate the values of selected parameters (deflection, stress) during the reference of constant load values. The article presents the author’s research stand for kinematic loads testing, which are similar to natural ones during shredding of food. The results of stress and strain of denture prosthesis, identified during laboratory tests, will be used to verify the mathematical models of dentures during kinematic forces.
Nonlinear dynamic characteristic of the spindle-cutter system
Authors: Gao Xiangsheng , Zhang Yidu , Wang Min
Published: November 2016

A nonlinear dynamic model of spindle-cutter coupling system under cutting force, which takes into account the cutter stiffness and the nonlinearity of bearing clearance, is established. Analysis of the cross-section of a two-flute end mill is conducted to determine cutter stiffness. Then, the calculated cutter stiffness is introduced into the nonlinear dynamic model of coupling system. In the modeling of cutting force, the cutting width takes into account the cutter tip displacement. Moreover, nonlinear dynamic characteristics of spindle-cutter coupling system are studied and the effects of bearing clearance on the response of cutter tip are discussed as well, considering unbalanced force. The numerical results show that the bearing clearance strongly affects the equilibrium position. With different values of bearing clearance and rotation speed, the responses of cutter tip exhibit periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic characteristics. Dynamic characteristics of spindle-cutter system depends on the bearing clearance and rotation speed. The proper bearing clearance and rotation speed should be chosen to ensure a stable cutting and high cutting rate according to the bifurcation diagram. The response of the cutter tip is a quasi-periodic motion when the cutting force is considered. The time-domain response of cutter tip predicted by nonlinear dynamic analysis can provide the basis for machining error prediction.
Rapid early damage detection using transmissibility with distance measure analysis under unknown excitation in long-term health monitoring
Authors: Zhou Yun-Lai , Abdel Wahab Magd
Published: November 2016

Accurate and efficient damage detection in long-term health monitoring for structures still encounters many difficulties due to the effect of environment. Furthermore, recorded big data requires efficient damage detection algorithm. In this study, an efficient and effective damage detection algorithm is proposed using transmissibility along with Mahalanobis distance and Hotelling T-square. A numerically simulated beam and an experimentally tested laboratory structure are used to validate the proposed algorithm. Results demonstrate good performance of the proposed technique in damage detection.
Combustion pressure estimation method of a spark ignited combustion engine based on vibration signal processing
Authors: Grajales Jairo A. , Quintero Héctor F. , Romero Carlos A. , Henao Edison , López Juan F. , Torres Daniela
Published: November 2016

An estimation method of the combustion chamber pressure, in an internal combustion engine, based on the processing of the vibration (acceleration) signal of the cylinder head, at constant speed and no load conditions is presented in this paper. The model is created based on the comparison of the vibration and pressure signals around the peaks of highest vibration, after a preprocessing and filtering of the signal using the most similar frequency bands between the sources. A polynomial regression is used between the selected data points to generate the resulting model relating pressure and vibration (and average rotational speed per cycle, calculated based on the vibration peaks). The model is tested with measurements from two spark ignited engine test benches: a single cylinder engine and a four-cylinder engine. The resulting model has very low computational cost and can provide a very accurate estimation of general shape and magnitude of the pressure trace, but does not reflect strongly cycle by cycle variations. Testing the Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE), where the best value is 100 % the single cylinder engine scores were 63.52 % and 20.02 % for the points before and after the vibration peak. For the four-cylinder engine those values were: 82.47 % and 28.27 % respectively.
Study on semi-active particle damping technology for offshore platform truss structure
Authors: Xia Zhaowang , Kai Jiemao , Wang Xuetao , Shao Guangsheng , Jiang Wenan , Sun Yao
Published: November 2016

The vibration reduction device for the offshore platform truss structure has exposed to long term high-energy ultraviolet light and salt spray radiation, the traditional viscoelastic damping technology is easy to aging and failure, and its operational lifetime is limited. The semi-active particle damping technology has the advantages of high temperature resistance, anti-aging and so on, at the same time it is also able to adapt the changes of external complex load. The coupling simulation algorithm was used in this paper to study on vibration reduction performance of semi-active particle damping technology for the offshore platform truss structure. The control strategy, simulation algorithm and key parameters of semi-active particle damping are investigated to analyze the vibration reduction effect of the offshore platform truss structure with semi-active particle damper. The results have shown that the semi-active particle damping has a better effect of vibration reduction compared with the passive particle damping. In addition, the control strategy in different frequency bands has different vibration reduction effects to the system; and the simulation has a good agreement with the experimental results.
Study on the diagnosis of rub-impact fault based on finite element method and envelope demodulation
Authors: Wang Nanfei , Jiang Dongxiang , Yang Yizhou , Han Te
Published: November 2016

In this paper, the vibration characteristic of the casing under rub-impact condition is analyzed by using finite element method, envelope demodulation and empirical mode decomposition. Firstly, aiming at the structure characteristics of the casing of the rotor system, the finite element model is established by ANSYS software. Modal analysis and transient analysis are carried out in detail. The first six order natural frequencies and corresponding vibration modes are acquired in the mode analysis. The transient response history and time-amplitude curves are obtained in the harmonic response analysis. The vibration characteristics and rule of the casing under rub-impact condition are also presented in the transient dynamic analysis. Secondly, the vibration mechanism analysis of the casing is performed. Since the pulse force due to rubbing fault may lead to casing’s resonance, the envelope demodulation method and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) are utilized to diagnose the rubbing fault. By means of the envelope demodulation and EMD, the stator’s vibration signal is analyzed, and the rub-impact fault diagnosis is fulfilled. Finally, as for the aero-engine, the vibration signal obtained is just the acceleration on casing, and it is of great difficulty to obtain the vibration displacement. Hence, experiment of one-point rub-impact is conducted, and the validity and feasibility of the method adopted are verified by the testing response data. Besides, the casing vibration acceleration signals are analyzed in order to extract the rubbing fault’s features. Results demonstrate that the casing resonance envelope signal is very suitable for detecting the rub-impact fault. It is worth relying that envelope demodulation method and EMD would have a promising application for the rubbing fault diagnosis between the rotor and the casing.
Applied research of the multi-stage torsional vibration damper on controlling the gear rattle
Authors: Wang Lei , Wu Xun-cheng , Zhang Wei-wei
Published: November 2016

The gear rattle noise of automobile transmission, which belongs to broadband noise, tends to attract the driver’s increasing attention. This paper performs a test on the noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) performance of power train in a passenger car. The results of the test show that the angular acceleration of the input shaft in the transmission increases with the increase of the angular acceleration of the flywheel, and excessive fluctuations of angular acceleration lead to the generation of the gear rattle in transmission. In this paper, a mathematic model of torsional vibration under the working conditions of acceleration, constant speed and deceleration has been established by taking a pair of helical gears as an example. The solving model of the mathematic model is set up by Matlab/Simulink and numerical solution has been solved. The theoretical analyses show that the ability of the traditional single-stage torsional vibration damper to attenuate fluctuations of angular acceleration is limited, while the multi-stage torsional vibration damper can attenuate larger fluctuations of angular acceleration, and the power train can provide good comfort and low fuel consumption. The experimental results in this paper are in accordance with above theories. Dynamic model of torsional direction of helical gears built in this paper is of great significance to the analysis of dynamic characteristics of gears. The multi-stage torsional vibration damper proposed in this paper can attenuate larger fluctuations of angular acceleration effectively, which plays an important role in controlling gear rattles, meanwhile it can enhance the riding comfort of a vehicle and reduce fuel consumption.
Improvement of the durability of rolling bearings in high-speed drive systems
Authors: Deuszkiewicz Piotr
Published: November 2016

At present, in many high-speed machines (e.g. appliances) bearing systems based on ball bearings. These solutions are used because of the low cost of production. However, in the process of operation, it appears that the use of this type of bearings has low durability of the system associated with its underload. In these systems, the output shaft rotates at a very high speed (20 thousand RPM), so even slight imbalance causes very high inertia forces aggravating bearings with dynamic reactions. These reactions rotate with the shaft, and their rotation frequency is equal to the frequency of the shaft rotation. Clearances in the bearing lead to the situation where the shaft together with the inner ring vibrates. These vibrations cause the slip between the balls and the cage of the bearing. As a result, the cage is a subject to accelerated damage because of sliding and collisions with the balls. Another factor affecting the durability of the bearing system is work at temperatures exceeding permissible limits. The article compares two design solutions and their impact on the life of the bearings used. In the original construction very fast wear of bearings takes place, and thus the damage of the whole device. In a second experiment there was examined the durability of the system with the use of tension of the bearings with axial spring. The initial effects of changes in structure of the system have led to a change of bearing lubrication. The final result of the re-search was a proposal to change such a structure eliminating the problem of accelerated wear of the bearings.
Research on Calibration Method for Tractor Automatic Navigation Control System
Authors: Sun Qun , Teng Shaomin , Du Yongqi , Kang Ze , Yin Chengqiang , Chen Linlin
Published: November 2016

A lower computer control system of tractor automatic navigation based on double-antennas Beidou satellite is developed, including the controller unit, bipolar output unit, RS232 bus communication unit, a switch reset unit and the power conversion unit. To obtain a continuous voltage output, the calibration method of lower control system using least square method to fit calibration curve has been studied. The lower computer control system receives navigation angel and navigation angel offset instruction provided by the host computer through RS232 bus communication unit. Continuous voltage from -10V to +10V is output through the bipolar output unit to adjust hydraulic valves to control the tractor steering after these are processed by the lower computer.
Application of Molecular Biology for Identification of Virus Resistance Gene in Melon
Authors: Daryono Budi Setiadi
Published: November 2016

Source of resistance to an Indonesia isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-B2) in melon cultivarYamatouri has been reported. Moreover, Creb-2, a locus that confers resistance to CMV-B2 in Yamatouri hasbeen determined as a single dominant gene. To elucidate the resistance mechanism conferred by Creb-2 inmore detail, it is necessary to clone the Creb-2 gene and determine its molecular structure. One approach isby amplification and cloning of melon resistance gene analogs (MRGAs) based on degenerated PCR primersdesigned from conserved amino acids in the NBS-LRR motifs (P-loop, Kinase-2, and the GLPL) and Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor-like region (TIR). This study was aimed to identify and characterize the resistance geneanalogs from Cucumis melo L. cv. Yamatouri by employing polymerase chain reactions (PCR) as a molecularbiology tools with degenerate primers based on conserved motifs of cloned R genes. The application of molecularbiology such as DNA isolation, degenerate primers and PCR condition, cloning, sequencing, linkage analysisand mapping of resistance gene analogs to Creb-2 gene in melon will be widely discussed in this paper
An Active of Extracellular Cellulose Degrading Enzyme from Termite Bacterial Endosimbiont
Authors: Rohman M. Saifur , Pamulatsih Endang , Kusnadi Yudi , Yuwono Triwibowo , Martani Erni
Published: November 2016

Cellulase is an ezyme that specifically cleaves the 1,4-β-glycosidic bond of cellulose to produce thesmall fragments of simple carbohydrate. This work was aimed to characterize the extracellular cellulase fromPaenibacillus spp., which was previously isolated from macro termites, Odontotermes bhagwatii in our laboratory.Two Paenibacillus isolates were used in this experiment, namely Paenibacillus cellulositrophicus SBT1 andPaenibacillus, sp. SBT8. Analysis of the total proteins in the supernatants showed that P. cellulositrophicus SBT1and Paenibacillus sp. SBT8 roughly produced as much as 18.6 mg/l and 24.8 mg/l of extracellular cellulases,respectively. Enzymatic assay showed that SBT1 and SBT8 cellulase exhibited enzymatic acitivity of 0.17 U/mg and 0.12 U/mg, respectively. Temperature dependencies analysis indicated that both cellulases exhibitedmaximum activity at 35oC. At the temperature higher than 55oC, the enzymatic activities of both cellulases wereroughly 20% reduced compared to the maximum activity. SBT1 and SBT8 cellulases were both active at acidicpH. At basic pH (pH 8) the enzymatic activities of both cellulases were reduced roughly 30% compared to thatof acidic pH. Supplementing of Mg2+, Zn2+, and Ca2+ in range of 1-10 mM increased the enzymatic activity ofboth cellulases roughly 33 to 50%.
Formulation of Medium Viscosity Chitosan-Pectin –MJ Protein Nanoparticles Conjugated with Anti-Ep-CAM and Its Cytotoxicity Against T47D Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Feranisa Anggun , Arimurni Dewa Ayu , Ismail Hilda , Martien Ronny , Sismindari S.
Published: November 2016

Chitosan nanoparticle could become potential formula to protect protein degradation during therapy,since chitosan nanoparticles have “proton sponge hypothesis” mechanism on its protection. Chitosan and pectinis used as basic formula of drug delivery because of its biodegradable and biocompatible properties. Chitosanpectin nanoparticles can be formulated by polyelectrolit complex. EpCAM showed excessive expression inepithelial cancer cells thus can be used as a therapeutic biomarker. MJ protein, a Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins(RIPs) isolated from Mirabilis jalapa L had a higher cytotoxicity on malignant cells than normal cells. MJ proteinneed to be formulated to protect from proteosome degradation in endosome. The aim of this research was todevelop MJ protein-chitosan-pectin nanoparticles and conjugated with anti EpCAM for breast cancer therapy.Mj protein was extracted from M.jalapa leaves. RIPs activity was assayed by supercoiled DNA cleavage. MJprotein were loaded into chitosan nanoparticles using medium viscous chitosan and pectin as cross-linker withpolyelectrolit complex method. Anti EpCAM was conjugated to MJ protein-chitosan-pectin nanoparticles bycarbodiimide reaction and characterized for its entrapment efficiency, morphology by transmission electronmicroscope, particles size, and zeta potential. MJ protein nanoparticles conjugated anti EpCAM and withoutanti EpCAM were cytotoxicity assayed toward T47D and Vero cell lines. MJ protein was able to cleave thesupercoiled DNA into linear and nicked-circular ones. The nanoparticles optimal concentration of mediumviscous chitosan: MJ protein: pectin was 0.01%: 0.01%: 1% (m/v). A high entrapment efficiency of MJ proteinnanoparticles was 98.97 ± 0.07%. Morphology nanoparticles showed an amorphic structure with 200.00 nmparticles size. The nanoparticles conjugated anti EpCAM showed average particles size 367.67nm, polydispersityindex 0.332, and zeta potential +39.97mV. MJ protein-chitosan-pectin nanoparticles conjugated anti EpCAMand unconjugated both had higher cytotoxicity with the IC50 57.64 μg/mL and 46.84 μg/mL respectivelyagainst T47D and 99.38 μg/mL and 111.34 μg/mL against Vero cell lines compared to MJ protein with IC50 of3075.61 μg/mL against T47D and 3286.88 μg/mL against Vero cell lines. Both MJ protein-nanoparticles couldincrease the cytotoxicity effects about 50 times compared to the unformulated MJ protein activity, howeverhad less specificity toward T47D and Vero cell lines.
Legume Nodulating Bacterium, Achromobacter xylosoxidans Found in Tropical Shrub Agroecosystem, Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Wedhastri Sri , Fardhani Dinar Mindrati , Kabirun Siti , Widada Jaka , Widianto Donny , Evizal Rusdi , Prijambada Irfan Dwidya
Published: November 2016

Legume nodulating bacteria (LNB), known also as rhizobia, are soil bacteria, which are able to form rootnodules and fi x nitrogen in the leguminous plants. The LNB availability in the soil depends on the type ofagroecosystem, where plant grows. In this study, we isolated LNB from the shrub agroecosystem in Sumatera,Indonesia, and obtained four selected bacterial strains. Among them, the isolate UGM48a formed root nodulein Macroptilium atropurpureum and showed highest number of nitrogenase activity. UGM48a also contains nifHand nodA genes. An analysis of the PCR-amplifi ed 16S rDNA and BLASTn analysis showed that UGM48adisplayed 96% similarity with Achromobacter xylosoxidans. In addition, UGM48a were successfully nodulatedGlycine max (L.) merr var. wilis. This is the fi rst report detecting A. xylosoxidans as nodule-forming species forGlycine max possesing the positive copy of nodA gene. Keywords : Legume Nodulating Bacteria, shrub agroecosystem, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, nodA, Glycine max
South, South East and East Asia: Economic Miracle but Environmental Disaster
Authors: Lane Jan-Erik
Published: November 2016

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change-unfccc—appears to run into difficulties at
the same time as it is holding its CO22 meeting in Morocco. The COP21 Agreement in Paris 2015 was
merely a promise and no implementation has taken place. Now, the US under a new president could
engage in the classical collective choice strategy of reneging. Coordination failures would make global
warming all but certain, which constitutes an enormous NEGATIVE for the Asian miracle economies. If
temperature rises > 4 degrees in the equator areas of Asia, then work, affluence, health, food as well as
land and sea will be very badly affected.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) IN RUBBER PLANTATION
Authors: Nugroho Priyo Adi
Published: November 2016

Sistem informasi Geografis (SIG) merupakan suatu komponen yang terdiri dari perangkat keras, perangkat lunak, data geografi  dan sumberdaya manusia yang bekerja bersama secara efektif untuk memasukan, menyimpan, memperbaiki, memperbaharui, mengelola, memanipulasi, mengintegrasikan, menganalisis dan menampilkan data dalam suatu informasi berbasis geografi. Teknologi SIG memungkinkan dukungan kegiatan bidang perkebunan karet secara efektif dan efisien. Terdapat beberapa keunggulan pada teknik penginderaan jauh antara lain (1) perekaman berulang, (2) faktual, dan (3) format berbentuk digital. Melihat penggunaannya di bidang lain yang cukup luas, maka pada bidang perkebunan karet berpeluang untuk diaplikasikan,antara lain untuk keperluan digitalisasi peta analog, penentuan luasan areal hiaten, penentuan tindakan kultur teknis pada berbagai kondisi topografi dan penapisan sebaran Penyakit Jamur Akar Putih (JAP)  dan status hara daun.
JUVENILITAS SUMBER MATA OKULASI DAN PENGELOLAAN KEBUN ENTRES
Authors: Siagian Nurhawaty
Published: November 2016

Target produktivitas tanaman karet nasional pada tahun 2025 adalah 1200-1500 kg karet kering/ha/tahun.  Target tersebut hanya akan tercapai jika 85% dari total areal  karet di Indonesia telah menggunakan klon unggul terbaru dengan kualitas bahan tanam (batang atas dan batang bawah yang prima).  Beberapa hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam pengelolaan kebun entres untuk memperoleh bahan tanam karet yang prima adalah:  1) kebun entres menggunakan bahan tanam okulasi yang batang bawahnya masih muda dan batang atasnya sesuai klon anjuran; 2) kebun entres dapat dipertahankan maksimal sampai umur 10 tahun, baru kemudian dilakukan peremajaan. Umur kebun entres yang paling ideal adalah ≤ 5 tahun; 3) pemangkasan terhadap kebun entres yang belum dimanfaatkan kayu okulasinya harus selalu dilakukan setiap tahun; 4) cabang entres yang baik digunakan sebagai sumber mata okulasi adalah cabang primer dan sekunder yang diambil dari kebun entres;5) pada okulasi batang bawah berumur 6-12 bulan, jenis mata okulasi yang dianjurkan adalah mata daun (mata prima); 6) pemurnian klon di kebun entres harus tetap dilakukan maksimal setiap 3 tahun dan 7) kebun entres dipelihara sesuai anjuran.
Cover Warta Perkaretan
Authors: Perkaretan Cover Warta
Published: November 2016

Volume 31, No. 2, 2012