bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(PERBEDAAN IDE BUNUH DIRI PADA MASYARAKAT ACEH DITINJAU DARI JENIS KELAMIN)
Authors: Mauliza Siti Rahmi , Amna Zaujatul , Dahlia Dahlia , Faradina Syarifah
Published: November 2022

The suicide cases seem to be a trend in society, where the perpetrators or victims range from children to the elderly, both male and female. Aceh is one of the provinces that shows that suicide cases tend to increase every year. The existence of suicide cases begins with the idea of suicide in every perpetrator and victim. The purpose of this study was to see the differences in suicidal ideation on Aceh’s people based on gender. A total of 406 Aceh’s people 15-52 years were selective using the purposively technuqe in this reasearch. The results showed that the significance value (p) = 0.921, this means that there was no difference in suicide ideation on Aceh’s people based on gender. Besides, results also showed that 93.6% of Aceh people had low suicidal ideation, 62.2% had moderate suicidal ideation, and 0.2% of the sample had high suicidal ideation.  Kasus bunuh diri seakan menjadi trend di masyarakat saat ini, dimana pelaku atau korban mulai dari anak-anak hingga lansia baik laki-laki maupun perempuan. Aceh termasuk salah satu provinsi yang menunjukkan kasus bunuh diri cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya. Terjadinya kasus bunuh diri diawali dengan adanya ide bunuh diri pada setiap pelaku maupun korban. Tujuan penelitian dilakukan untuk melihat perbedaan ide bunuh diri pada masyarakat Aceh ditinjau dari jenis kelamin. Sebanyak 406 masyarakat  Aceh yang berusia 15-52 tahun terlibat dalam penelitian yang dipilih secara purposive. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi (p)=0,921, hal ini dapat diartikan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan ide bunuh diri pada masyarakat Aceh ditinjau dari jenis kelamin. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 93,6% masyarakat Aceh memiliki ide bunuh diri rendah, 62,2% memiliki ide bunuh diri sedang, dan terdapat 0,2% sampel memiliki ide bunuh diri yang tinggi.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF-EFFICACY AND INTEREST OF ENTREPRENEURS AMONG FAMILY WELFARE EDUCATION STUDENTS, SYIAH KUALA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Maryam Siti , Nurbaiti Nurbaiti , Fitriana Fitriana , Dewi Rosmala , Jannah Izzatul
Published: November 2022

An entrepreneur needs to be emphasized courage and confidence to start. That is one of the factors that influence the interest in entrepreneurship, namely self-efficacy. In everyday life, self-efficacy is very influential in increasing interest in entrepreneurship among students, which will affect individuals in determining actions to achieve the expected goals. This study aims to identify the level of self-efficacy and the level of interest in entrepreneurship and to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and interest in entrepreneurship of students majoring in family welfare education (PKK) FKIP Syiah Kuala University. This study used a sample of 36 students who were already entrepreneurs from the PKK FKIP Study Program, Syiah Kuala University and the research was conducted in May 2022 - June 2022. The results showed that, in general, the level of self-efficacy of students majoring in PKK FKIP Syiah Kuala University was included in the high category, namely 64%. However, in detail the level of self-efficacy is more dominant in the magnitude indicator (difficulty level) with a high category of 86.1%. The level of entrepreneurial interest of students majoring in PKK FKIP is also generally included in the high category, namely 73%, if in more detail the level of interest in entrepreneurship is more dominant in intrinsic factors with a high category of 70%. Based on the results of the correlation test between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial interest, it shows that there is a positive relationship between the two variables, the value of r_xy = 0.55, meaning that between the two variables has a moderate relationship, with a significant value of 0.001 <0.05, it means that there is a significant positive relationship between the two variables, self-efficacy and entrepreneurial interest in PKK FKIP students at Syiah Kuala University.
POLA ASUH OTORITER DAN PERILAKU AGRESI VERBAL PADA SISWA/AUTHORITARIAN PARENTING AND VERBAL AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR ON STUDENTS
Authors: Barmawi Barmawi - , Aridhona Julia - , Renika Renika -
Published: November 2022

Perilaku agresi verbal dapat berdampak buruk, namun remaja saat ini menganggapnya adalah hal yang biasa bagi mereka. Hal ini harus dibenahi salah satu caranya adalah membenahi pola asuh yang diterapkan orang tua kepada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh antara pola asuh otoriter teradap perilaku agresi verbal pada siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMPN 2 Kejuruan Muda Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 72 siswa diperoleh dengan tehnik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh antara pola asuh otoriter dengan perilaku agresi verbal R= 0,285 dengan nilai F 27,938 dan niai sig 0,000 dimana pola asuh otoriter dan  perilaku agresi verbal pada siswa sebesar 28,5%. Yang artinya semakin tinggi intensitas penerapan pola asuh otoriter maka semakin tinggi juga intensitas remaja memiliki perilaku  agresi verbal. Verbal aggressive behavior could be bad impact, but the teenagers right now think this is common thing for them. This thing must be repairing, one of the way is repairing parenting applied by parents to children. This research aim to see the effect of authoritarian parenting on verbal aggressive behavior to students. Research method that used is quantitative method. This research was done at SMPN 2 KEJURUAN MUDA KABUPATEN ACEH TAMIANG. The research sample is 72 students obtained by purposive sampling technique. The research showed there is influence between authoritarian parenting with verbal aggression behavior R= 0,285 with value F 27,938 and sig value  0,000 where authoritarian parenting affects verbal aggression behavior in students by 28.5%. Which means more higher the intensity of the application of authoritarian parenting then the intensity of adolescents who have verbal aggression behavior was more higher too.
“Great Grave”: Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin in French Travelogue of the 1920–1930s
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of the Humanities and Social Sciences, Legen’kova Elizaveta A.
Published: November 2022

The article deals with the image of the Lenin’s Mausoleum and the cult of the leader associated with it in the travelogues of French writers and journalists in the second half of the 1920s and early 1930s. The Mausoleum is the constant place of pilgrimage for both the Soviet people and foreign guests. For French travelers it is of interest as a Moscow sight reflecting the ideology of the Soviet system, a means of propaganda, a place for planting new cults and religions, which seemed strange in Moscow that proclaimed atheism. The authors note the Asian character of this cult, which demonstrates the impenetrability of the Western and Eastern mentalities. Arguing with Soviet propaganda, which is effective in a country where the vast majority of the population is illiterate, they come to the conclusion that it is impossible to create a myth about the leader’s immortality in civilized countries with a long democratic tradition. Based on the stereotypes that have entered in the minds of the French since the time of Marquis de Custine and creating new ones, the authors try to comprehend the Mausoleum as a cultural phenomenon. The detailed ekphrastic descriptions and sketches from crowd standing in line at the Mausoleum are overland with philosophical reflections and journalistic pathos. The counter arguments to Soviet propaganda is the metaphor of a dead man masqueraded in a living person, extended not only to the image of Lenin, but also to the dominant ideology of the state he has built. The Appendix contains Russian translations of excerpts from travelogues by French authors.
The Poetosphere of the Dacha in V.V. Mayakovsky’s Works
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhalenko Natalia V.
Published: November 2022

In the early work of V.V. Mayakovsky, the images of the estate and the dacha were usually interpreted in a humorous way, associated with the bygone noble life. However, it was in Kuokkala, Levashovo near Petrograd, that the poet wrote significant parts of the poems “Cloud in pants” and “Mystery Buff.” Dacha life in Pushkino near Moscow together with L.Yu. and O.M. Brik in the summer of 1920–1929 also contributed to his creativity. This place is mentioned in the title of “An extraordinary adventure...”, the events of this work unfold there. The plots of the poems “Attitude to the young Lady,” “In the Heine way,” “Dacha Case” etc. are associated with a summer pastime. Individual chapters of the poem “Good!” were first read at the dacha in the summer of 1927. The materials of the poet’s notebooks no. 8 (January–May 1921) and no. 15 (January–June 1922), provided by the V.V. Mayakovsky State Museum, form the basis of the research. The article examines the work on the poems of 1920 and the poem “The Fifth International,” which most vividly reflected the features of the poet’s village life. Fragments of notebook texts are published for the first time.
Two Lives, Two Destinies: the Pages of Correspondence between Nikolay Ashukin and Sergey Durylin
Authors: Toropova Victoria N.
Published: November 2022

The article is the first publication of the correspondence between Nikolay Ashukin and Sergey Durylin, who were contemporaries. Being both from the same social medium they studied at the Archaeological Institute and began writing poetry in the 1910s. They started travelling around Russia using the same routes and seemed to have similar fates. But their intents were different from the very beginning: a religious search for Durylin, an “ethnographic” for Ashukin. Theу were drifted apart after the October Revolution and the Civil War. Durylin became a priest in 1920, then experienced arrests, exile, “internal emigration,” but did not give up his writing and educational activities. Ashukin, on the other hand, becoming a successful Soviet literature official lost himself in the petty publishing work as a compiler, introductory articles author, textual critic, bibliographer and text commentator and stopped writing poetry and prose in fact. All evident of this split from their correspondence: it gradually became more and more rare, less cordial and more businesslike. The correspondence is accompanied by a commentary.
violência da perfeição nas mídias digitais
Authors: Martino Luis Mauro Sá
Published: November 2022

As palavras “violência” e “perfeição” parecem remeter a domínios opostos da experiência humana: enquanto uma sugere o negativo, a outra está ligada ao que há de melhor. No entanto, sua conjugação parece vir se tornando possível no ambiente das mídias sociais. Este texto é uma aula inaugural realizada no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Cultura da Universidade de Sorocaba delineando alguns aspectos das micro-violências existentes no ambiente digitais, tomando como recorte a questão dos discursos em circulação sobre formas de vida apresentadas como ideais ou padrões. Discute-se a ideia de uma “violência da perfeição” quando essas representações são transformadas em elementos de comparação com a realidade das existências individuais e coletivas. São destacados três pontos principais: (1) a noção de violência em interrupção um modo outro de ser, (2) a ideia de perfeição como algo oposto à excelência possível e (3) a disseminação de discursos desse tipo nas mídias sociais.
Interrelation of soil water and plant water revealed by hydrogen-oxygen isotopes across alpine shrub and grassland in northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Fawei , Wang Yunying , Du Yangong , Zhou Huakun , Wang Bin , Cao Guangmin , Guo Xiaowei
Published: November 2022

The alpine grassland shrubbization of the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
on the background of global change and overgrazing, is a prominent and
serious problem. However, the water competition ability of shrubs and
alpine grasslands is rarely reported. Here, we tracked the δ
O and δ H of soil water, plant
water, precipitation, and groundwater, analysed sources of water use in
shrub and grassland by Mix SIAR model. Our results showed that both δ
O and δ H in soil, precipitation,
and plant varied significantly over time, groundwater remained
relatively stable in P. fruticosa shrub and alpine grassland
sites during observation. Considering groundwater, precipitation, soil
water, and plant water, a progressive enrichment in δ
O or δ H existed from groundwater
and precipitation to soil water to plant water for each month. Alpine
grassland was more susceptible to drought stress, had a stronger
partitioning effect in dynamic transport than shrub. The P.
fruticosa shrub displayed more flexible water utilisations, and was
more competitive for water than grasslands. Furthermore, the plants in
alpine shrub and grassland reached water use balance in August. Shrubs
degraded from alpine grassland changed water use pattern of grassland,
thereby changing soil water storage. These results contribute to
in-depth understanding the alpine grassland shrubbization from water use
patterns of grassland and shrub plants on the northern Qinghai-Tibet
Plateau.
Bell’s palsy: A Neurological Manifestation of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Abdelrahman Amro , Bitar Amira , Babiker Isra , Elgak Fawaz , Elgassim Mohamed
Published: November 2022

Bell’s palsy is an acute peripheral facial paralysis commonly associated
with viral infections. COVID-19 may be a potential cause of peripheral
facial paralysis and other neurological manifestations. We report a case
of Bell’s palsy due to COVID-19 infection in a previously healthy 35
-year- old male.
Surgical strategy for airway management and bleeding control in penetrating neck injury in Zone II: A Case Report
Authors: Akutsu Tomohiro , Endo Akira , Sonobe Hiroyuki , Saida Fumitaka , MIyakawa Kyuhei , Takedatsu Fumino , Suzuki Keisuke , Murata Kiyoshi , Otomo Yasuhiro
Published: November 2022

We report the case of a 33-year-old man with a self-inflicted neck wound
with severe hypopharynx injury, and hemorrhagic shock, which was
well-managed by a trauma surgeon trained in esophageal surgery. Training
in cervical lymph node dissection for esophageal cancer could be useful
for management of penetrating neck injuries.
Baker’s Cyst with Extra and Intra-articular Synovial Chondromatosis of Knee: A Case Report
Authors: Khadka Sushant , Chaudhary Aashutosh , Acharya Suyash , Maharjan Sagar , Shrestha Rohit
Published: November 2022

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare benign condition characterized by
chondral proliferation from synovium forming loose bodies which can
occur extra-articularly and intra-articularly. Surgical removal remains
the mainstay of treatment for synovial chondromatosis. Due to the risk
of recurrence, every case must be followed up with an MRI.
Multiple sclerosis risk among anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha users: A methodological review of observational studies based on real-world data
Authors: Li Lingyi , Etminan Mahyar , Kaplan Gilaad , Tremlett Helen , Xie Hui , Avina-Zubieta J
Published: November 2022

Epidemiologic studies on the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) or
demyelinating events associated with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha
(TNFα) use among patients with rheumatic diseases or inflammatory bowel
diseases have shown conflicting results. Causal directed acyclic graphs
(cDAGs) are useful tools for understanding the differing results and
identifying the structure of potential contributing biases. Most of the
available literature on cDAGs uses language that might be unfamiliar to
clinicians. This article demonstrates how cDAGs can be used to determine
whether there is a confounder, a mediator or collider-stratification
bias and when to adjust for them appropriately. We also use a case study
to show how to control for potential biases by drawing a cDAG depicting
anti-TNFα use and its potential to contribute to MS onset. Finally, we
describe potential biases that might have led to contradictory results
in previous studies that examined the effect of anti-TNFα and MS,
including confounding, confounding by contraindication, and bias due to
measurement error. Clinicians and researchers should be cognizant of
confounding, confounding by contraindication, and bias due to
measurement error when reviewing future studies on the risk of MS or
demyelinating events associated with anti-TNFα use. cDAGs are a useful
tool for selecting variables and identifying the structure of different
biases that can affect the validity of observational studies.
Satellite observed shrub islands indicate resilience of dryland systems
Authors: Sun Qiangqiang , Zhang Ping , Lin Xin , Chen Lu , Li Hong , Sun Danfeng , Rietkerk Max
Published: November 2022

The exploration of vegetation patchiness and pattern-driven
multistability improves our understanding of ecosystem functioning and
resilience in drylands, yet there is still a lack of validation of such
early warning indicators and underlying mechanisms for real ecosystems
until now. Here, we identify nearly 20 million individual shrub islands
across a large-scale continuous environmental gradient in China
combining with remote sensing and deep learning. We investigate two
indictors of ecosystem functioning and resilience: ecosystem biomass,
shrub island patch size. Two indicators follow consistent and non-linear
variations along with environmental gradients, as indicated by three
stages (gradual change, almost constant and sharp shifts). Such delay of
sustained decline in second stage demonstrates the resilience of
dryland, determined by multistability driven by vegetation-sand-water
interactions at landscape level and self-adaptation of individual shrubs
in response to environmental changes. These findings enhance our
understanding and managing of discontinuous state shifts in drylands.
Dosage Optimization of Meropenem in South Indian Sepsis Patients using Pharmacometrics Approach
Authors: P Jyothikrishna , A Bhavatharini P , Thomas Anu Joy , Jose Anu Maria , Mathew Liz , Jose Manju Rosy , Warrier Anup , K Priya , C Keerthana , B Babu , KP Arun
Published: November 2022

Aim: Sepsis patients are more prone to have sub-therapeutic drug
concentrations and so treatment failures. Non optimized dosage regimen
of antibiotics is one of the prime reasons why the prevalence of
antibiotic resistance is rising. This study aimed to propose optimized
dosage regimen for Meropenem in sepsis patients using the pharmacometric
approach. Methods: Prospective open label study was conducted among 58
south Indian adult Sepsis patients received Meropenem 1g over 30 mins or
3-hour infusion every 8h or 12h. The plasma samples were collected from
the patients using window sampling (1-8 h) and concentration of
Meropenem was quantified using RP-HPLC. Population pharmacokinetics
analysis and simulations were performed using PUMAS® v.1.40.1. Results:
Two compartment model with first order elimination best described the
data and the total clearance (CL), inter-compartmental clearance (Q),
volume of the central compartment (Vc), volume of the peripheral
compartment (Vp) were 4.46 L/hr & 13.29 L/h and 47.16 L & 26.55 L
respectively. The most significant covariate that influenced the
Meropenem Clearance was creatinine clearance. The additive error was
0.0021 mg/L and the proportional error was 15.6%. Meropenem
administered over 3 h infusion was observed to be superior than 30 min
infusion by simulation studies. Conclusion: Renal function of the
patients significantly influence the clearance of Meropenem and infusion
over 3 h is found to be superior than 30 min in terms of attaining the
trough concentration of 8 mg/L. Additionally, therapeutic drug
monitoring of Meropenem in these patients will aid in the optimization
of Meropenem dosing regimen.
Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) treatment and risk of osteomyelitis: a pharmacovigilance study of the FAERS database
Authors: Zhao Hui , Yan Mingming , Li Ziran , Zhang Qian , Zhou Junwei , Zhong Mingkang , Qiu Xiaoyan
Published: November 2022

Abstract Aim: we sought to estimate the association between hypoglycemic
medications especially sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors
(SGLT2i) and osteomyelitis based on the FDA adverse event reporting
system (FAERS). Methods: Publicly available FAERS data were analyzed
using reporting odd ratio (ROR) method and Bayesian confidence
propagation neural network (BCPNN) method. The developing trend of ROR
were revealed by series of calculation based on accumulating dataset
quarter by quarter. Results: Ketoacidosis, infections, peripheral
ischemia, renal impairment, inflammation including osteomyelitis might
more likely to occur among SGLT2i users, especially canagliflozin.
Osteomyelitis and cellulitis are AEs unique to canagliflozin. Among
2,888 osteomyelitis-related reports referring to glucose lowering
medications, 2,333 cases were associated with SGLT2i, mostly with
canagliflozin counting 2,283 which generated an ROR value of 360.89 and
a lower limit of information component (IC025) of 7.79. No
BCPNN-positive signal could be generated for drugs other than insulin,
canagliflozin or drug groups excluding canagliflozin. Reports referring
to insulin could generate BCPNN-positive signals during the entire
timespan from 2004 to 2021, while BCPNN-positive signal emerged since
second quarter (Q2) of 2017, four years since the approval of SGLT2i in
Q2 of 2013, for canagliflozin and drug groups containing canagliflozin.
Conclusion: This data mining revealed that strong association between
canagliflozin treatment and developing osteomyelitis which might be a
precursor to lower extremity amputation. Further study with updated data
is needed to better characterize the risk of osteomyelitis associated
with SGLT2i.
Improvement of the identification technology for Asian Spongy Moth(Lepidoptera: Erebidae) based on SS-COI
Authors: Ji WenZhuai , Dou Fengrui , Zhang Chunhua , Xiao Yuqian , Yin Wenqi , Yu Jinyong , Kurenshchikov D. K , Zhu xiue , Shi Juan
Published: November 2022

Spongy moths, Lymantria dispar Linnaeus, are economically significant
quarantine pests. The Asian spongy moth (ASM), Lymantria dispar asiatica
and Lymantria dispar japonica, is more invasive compared with the
European spongy moth (ESM) because females are capable of flight and
larvae feeding on more host plants. Many countries have implemented
strict quarantine policies for areas where ASM is present to prevent its
introduction. ASM is distributed in most provinces of China, in view of
the high morphological similarity between Lymantria, especially larvae
and pupae, accurate identification is a necessary condition to prevent
ASM from invading new areas. Although the identification technology of
ASM has been developed previously, we have recently found that there are
potentially complex subspecies differentiation of spongy moth in China,
and there are new subspecies in South China and Yunnan (unpublished
data). The original identification method was more or less incomplete in
response to the newly discovered variation. Therefore, the purpose of
this study is to update the rapid detection technology of ASM: based on
the cytochrome oxidase I gene, a pair of ASM specific primers were
designed from samples obtained from known areas where spongy moth occurs
in China. These primers can effectively identify ASM of all life stages,
and can be used to identify ASM of all geographic populations in China.
It was confirmed that the primer provided accurate identification of ASM
in a wide range of annealing temperatures, indicating that it was
extremely stable. The sensitivity test explained that the lower limit of
detection was 30 pg/µl. In addition, the analysis of Lymantria samples
mixed with ASM captured in the field also showed the specificity of ASM.
Experimental methods allow accurate monitoring of ASM and reduce the
risk of ASM spreading to other regions.
A review on Application of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Singh Jasbir , Fore Vivudh , Jangra Amrish
Published: November 2022

Biodiesel has prospective to greatly provide to sustainability of fuels
for transportation. Biodiesel manufacturing is complex and nonlinear and
consumption processes need the usage of rapid and accurate modelling
tools for their design and optimization. The predictive ability of ANFIS
approaches has been shown. This work is devoted to a full evaluation and
critical discussion of ANFIS technology applications for biodiesel
research modelling applications. In biodiesel research, ANFIS technology
has been widely employed to model various trans esterification
processes. As a result, future research appears to be focused on using
ANFIS approaches for real-world biodiesel production monitoring to
improve efficiency, feasibility, and sustainability.
Infancy congenital tongue base cyst: clinical analysis of 37 cases
Authors: zhu peng , xu hong ming , Chen Jia rui , li xiao
Published: November 2022

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of infant
congenital tongue base cysts. Methods: This retrospective study involved
37 infants with congenital tongue base cysts in our hospital. Results:
The median age at admission was 95 (15-360) d for these babies. The main
clinical manifestations were laryngeal stridor (33/37 89.2%), dyspnea
(8/37 21.6%), inspiratory trisomy (6/37 16.2%), and choking and
vomiting milk (14/37 37.8%). Eight cases (21.6%) were misdiagnosed as
laryngomalacia in another hospital, while 4 cases (10.8%) were
misdiagnosed as pneumonia. One case required emergency intubation for
rescue due to dyspnea before surgery. The root of the tongue was found
to occupy space during intubation. Six cases (16.2%) had cysts found
through CT examination. Three cases (8%) had cysts found during
bronchoscopy due to pneumonia. The remaining cysts were found in the
root of the tongue through laryngoscopy. Laryngoscopy was performed in
all children before the operation, and CT examination in 28 patients
before the operation showed that the median diameter of the cyst was 10
mm (5-20 mm), All children underwent radiofrequency ablation of glossal
root cysts through laryngoscopy. Eight patients were transferred to the
intensive care unit (ICU) for treatment post-operatively. The median
intubation time was 4.5 days (2-5 days). Conclusion: Infancy congenital
tongue base cysts have an early onset and atypical clinical
manifestations. Electronic laryngoscopy combined with neck CT should be
performed promptly in patients with laryngeal stridor and feeding
difficulty to facilitate accurate diagnosis, and timely surgery is
needed.
Evidence of successful hatching by introduced Red-eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Mitchell Aimee , Kilburn Vanessa , Seifert Rebecca , MacTavish Deanna
Published: November 2022

Globally, competition and disease from introduced Red-eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) is a threat to co-existing native turtles. Red-eared Slider has been introduced throughout south coastal British Columbia (BC), mainly as pet turtle releases. Urban centres receive the most individuals, particularly in the Lower Mainland area outlying Vancouver, on southern Vancouver Island, and on the Sunshine Coast. The range of Red-eared Sliders in BC overlaps that of the Threatened Pacific Coast population of Western Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta bellii). Herein we report on a survey for both species, noting presence, assessed population sizes, and nesting activity. Across 19 sites in the south coast occupied by both turtle species, we found the median abundance of Red-eared Sliders to be 2.5 times larger than that of Western Painted Turtles (Mann–Whitney U = 104, n1 = n2 = 19, Z-Score = −2.2188, P = 0.02642, two-tailed). There had been no evidence of Red-eared Sliders successfully hatching in the wild in BC until our study. We observed complete development, with 19 neonates from three different nesting sites between 2015 and 2017. Thus, Red-eared Slider is indeed established and able to breed in BC and thus competition and disease introduction from the species likely contributes to the decline of the Pacific Coast population of Western Painted Turtle, particularly at sites with low painted turtle numbers. The scale and mechanisms of impact requires further investigation.
A resurvey of a Wood Turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) population in northern New Hampshire, USA, after 13 years
Authors: Hillman Brett , Jones Michael
Published: November 2022

Populations of Wood Turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) have declined across the species’ range. We surveyed a protected Wood Turtle population in northern New Hampshire in 2007 and again in 2020 to determine whether the size of the population had changed and the average annual survival rate between the two periods. We used closed-population loglinear models to estimate the adult population size in 2007 and 2020 and, for the subset of turtles captured in both years, to estimate the rate of survival. Based on these models, we found an adult population of 56 (95% CI 33–126) in 2007 and 46 (95% CI 31–85) in 2020; we did not detect a statistically significant difference between the two population estimates. In addition, we estimated a 96% average annual adult survival rate and determined this rate could be no lower than 92%. This information provides useful baseline data and will help inform future monitoring and threat mitigation work for this population.
A disjunct population of American Hazelnut (Corylus americana): a new plant species for the Ottawa district
Authors: Mueller Jakob , Clarkin Owen , Bélair Annie
Published: November 2022

A previously unknown population of American Hazelnut (Corylus americana), a native shrub species, has been discovered in the Ottawa district. This location is disjunct from the species’ nearest known populations. Although American Hazelnut is not a particularly conspicuous species, it was found in a relatively well documented area. The location includes remnant vegetation from the Constance Bay Sandhills, a former savannah habitat, including other species whose occurrence in the region is disjunct. American Hazelnut is strongly affiliated with savannahs and related habitats across Ontario and the upper midwest of the United States.
Audit Quality and Investment Efficiency with Endogenous Analyst Information
Authors: Langberg Nisan , Rothenberg Naomi
Published: November 2022

We study audit quality and investment efficiency when an analyst’s information can curb overvaluation and auditors are subject to legal liability following audit failure. With the auditor’s damage payment based on price inflation after audit failure, the analyst’s information brings prices closer to fundamentals and provides a hedge to the auditor against legal liability risk. This weakens incentives for audit quality, and the analyst responds with more information production due to the penalty for mispricing. Consequently, in equilibrium, stricter legal liability leads to higher audit quality that reduces overinvestment but also less information production that increases underinvestment. Thus, stricter liability has a nonmonotonic effect on firm value; it increases the value of firms with a high valued growth option but reduces the value of firms with a low valued growth option. The results have implications for the optimal level of legal liability that maximizes the expected value of the firm.

JEL Classifications: M41; M42; G14; G23; G32.
Simplifying Complex Disclosures: Evidence from Disclosure Regulation in the Mortgage Markets
Authors: Kielty Patrick D. , Wang K. Philip , Weng Diana L.
Published: November 2022

Complex disclosures have long been a major source of borrowers’ poor understanding of mortgages. We examine the effect of simplifying mortgage disclosures in a difference-in-differences design around a significant disclosure rule mandated by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau in 2015. We find that inexperienced borrowers (first-time home buyers) pay significantly lower interest rates after the disclosure regulation than experienced borrowers (repeat buyers), suggesting that simplifying these disclosures reduces mortgage interest costs. Additional tests show that the reduction in interest costs is not accompanied with more upfront noninterest costs paid by borrowers. Our cross-sectional analyses reveal two mechanisms through which simplifying disclosures lowers interest costs: curbing predatory lending and facilitating borrower shopping. We further find that disadvantaged borrowers (Black, Hispanic, and single female) benefit more from simplified disclosures. Last, we do not find that simplifying disclosures affects mortgage loan performance.

JEL Classifications: G21; G5; G18; M4.
Effect of a Type 2 Diabetes–Focused Visit Improvement Initiative on Therapeutic Inertia and Glycemic Control in Primary Care
Authors: Oshman Lauren , Biszewski Matthew , Carlock Francesca , Radz Marcus , Neu Rachel , Billings Liana K.
Published: November 2022

  

This quality improvement (QI) project was conducted in the Department of Family Medicine at NorthShore University HealthSystem, an integrated health system in the Chicago, IL, area with 13 ambulatory family medicine primary care practices caring for ~5,000 adult patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. 
Manufacture of a Coffee Substitute from Date Kernels of the Algerian Variety Mech-Degla
Authors: Redouane Khelladi
Published: November 2022

The present study has two components, in the first place the morphological and physicochemical characteristics of the inedible part of the date (kernels) have been determined, in order to bring additional knowledge on these characteristics, which helps to highlight the possibility of their valuations. The dimensions of the date kernels are between (0.9021 to 1.2829g) for the weight, (1.9 to 2.5cm) for the length and (0, 5 to 0.8cm) with an average of 0.6cm for the width of the core. An acidic pH of 4.55, and a moisture content of 6.38% has 0.8% ash content and a crude fiber content of 76.37%, a total sugar content of 4.69%, a crude protein content of 5.42% a fat content of 15.9% and the pulp / core ratio is 4.79. The second part deals with the valorization of the “Mech-Degla” date kernels in the manufacture of a coffee substitute. A sensory evaluation of color, smell, flavor and general appreciation of the date kernel coffee substitute was performed. The production of a date-kernel-based coffee substitute is one of the processes for exploiting the by-products of date processing. Statistical analysis of the sensory evaluation results of color, odor, flavor,and general acceptability reveals that although this is the first time for most tasters to taste a coffee substitute at core dates, but they showed great acceptability towards this new product especially when they added sugar (sweetener).
Production of Canned Tuna using Local Tuna Species
Authors: GF Galhoum
Published: November 2022

Albacore and mackerel tuna were used to produce local canned tuna. After canning process, total volatile nitrogen basis, trimethyl amine, free fatty acid, peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid values were within the acceptable limits for both tuna species. Canned tuna showed lower content of total saturated fatty acids but higher content of poly unsaturated fatty acids than raw tuna. Cadmium and mercury levels of canned tuna were in the permissible limits. In contrast, lead concentrations in all tested samples were exceeded the prescribed legal limits. Lightness (L* ) and Whiteness were recorded significantly (p < 0.05) lower values for the processed albacore than the imported samples for both tuna species. All tested tuna samples were negative for Cl. botulinum. Sensory results declared no significant differences were found between the processed albacore and the imported sample. For mackerel tuna, results indicated that soaking in solution contains wheat flour, ascorbic acid and vinegar before canning improved the sensory characteristics.
Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of the Biofield Energy Treated Zinc Chloride
Authors: S Jana
Published: November 2022

Zinc is an important mineral for humans due to its role as an immune-booster, antioxidant and enzyme regulator. Zinc deficiency impairs growth and immunity. Zinc chloride is given as a dietary supplement in cases of zinc deficiency. The current study aimed to analyze the impact of the Trivedi Effect®- Energy of Consciousness Treatment on the physical, thermal, and spectral properties of zinc chloride. The methodology included dividing the zinc chloride sample into two equal parts; followed by keeping one part untreated and named as the Control sample. The other part was termed as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which was remotely treated for ~3 minutes by Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, who was located in the USA, while the test samples were located in the research laboratory in India. Both the samples were analyzed using PXRD, PSA, DSC, UV-Vis, and FT-IR analytical techniques. The PXRD analysis revealed alterations in the relative peak intensities and crystallite sizes of the Treated sample in the range of 52.69% to 1232.65% and -33.36% to 92.28%, respectively, along with 13.75% significant increase in average crystallite size, compared with the Control sample. Also, the Biofield Energy Treated sample showed a significant increase in the particle sizes d10, d50, d90, and D(4,3) values by 88.08%, 12.87%, 2.25%, and 9.13%, respectively, along with a 31.49% decrease in the surface area as compared to the Control sample. The DSC analysis revealed slight alterations in the melting and decomposition temperature of the Biofield Energy Treated sample by 0.59% and -1.22%, respectively; however, the latent heat of melting and decomposition significantly decreased by -7.41% and -68.41%, respectively, compared to the Control sample. Moreover, the FT-IR studies also revealed some alterations in the spectrum of the Biofield Energy Treated sample, as there were some additional peaks in the region of 650-1000 cm-1 and the Zn-Cl stretching peak was shifted to lower frequency i.e., 511 cm-1, compared to the Control sample (557 cm-1). The Energy of Consciousness Treatment may help in producing a new polymorphic form of zinc chloride, which may have better flowability, and storage parameters along with altered thermal stability compared to the untreated sample. Thus, the Biofield Energy Treated zinc chloride could be helpful in designing better nutraceutical, dietary supplements and/or pharmaceutical formulations to combat against zinc deficiency.
Assessment of Cucumber and Paper Contamination by Pesticides Residues in Khartoum State using Quechers Method and Gas Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Salah Eldeen A Ali
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we present the investigation of 30 pesticides in total of 138 samples of different fresh cucumber and paper from central markets in Khartoum state using the quick easy cheap effective rugged and safe (QuEChERS) multi-residue extraction, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Pesticide residues were not detected in 68 samples (49.3%), while 70 samples (50.7%) contained detectable amount of pesticide residues. The percentages of contaminated vegetable samples are 69.4%, 47.2%, 38.9% and 30% for cucumber, sweet paper, green paper and armenian cucumber respectively. Multiple pesticides residues were detected on 6 samples with percentage of (4.3%) from total analyzed samples. Multiple residues with two pesticides were present in 2 and 4 samples of cucumber and sweet paper. Seven pesticides diazinon, cypermethrin, lamdacyhalothrin, dimethoate, pendimethalin, malathion and tetramethrin were detected in the analyzed vegetable samples with concentration range between 0.013-0.652 mg/kg and mean range between 0.0222-0.1927mg/kg of contaminated samples. It is necessary continuous monitoring of pesticide use on vegetables. Summer season was the highly contaminated with pesticides.
Review on the Effect of Fruit Wine Quality and Fermentation Conditions on the Quality of Wine
Authors: Kumsa Negasa Andersa
Published: November 2022

Fruit wine is an important part of our diet that contains essential part of vitamin and minerals that contribute to overall strength for our health. Like other beverages fruit wines are undistilled alcoholic beverages usually made from grapes or other fruits such as peaches, plums or apricots, banana, elderberry, or black berry which are nutritive, more tasty, and mild stimulants. These fruits undergo a period of fermentation and aging. They usually have an alcohol content ranging between 5 and 13%. Wines made from fruits are often named after the fruits. No other drinks, except water and milk, have earned such universal acceptance and esteem throughout the ages as has wine. Wine is a food with a flavor like fresh fruit which could be stored and transported under the existing conditions. Being fruit-based fermented and undistilled product, wine contains most of the nutrients present in the original fruit juice. The nutritive value of wine is increased due to the release of amino acids and other nutrients from yeast during fermentation. The quality of fruit wine is easily affected during fermentation due to inappropriate selection of strain for fermentation and poor management of others fermentation conditions. In this present review, I discussed, history of fermentation, initial quality of grape fruit and wine quality, fermentation stage of wine, factors influencing fermentation and wine quality
Assessing the Bioavailability and Bioaccessibility of Selenium from Selenium-Rich Algae
Authors: MB Reddy
Published: November 2022

Many new selenium (Se) sources for supplementation use are emerging. The objective of this study was to test the Se bioaccessibility (BAC) and bioavailability (BA) of Se-rich algae. Algal samples were cultivated in media containing selenite or selenate then BAC and BA were compared to Se-salts and Se-amino acids from traditional supplementation. BAC was tested based on the Se solubility post in vitro digestion and BA by induction of cellular glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) in a Se deficient Caco-2 cell model. Cells treated with algae grown in selenate and selenite had a mean GPx activity that was significantly less than the SeMet treatment (P<0.05). Overall, no algae samples grown in selenite were identified as superior since no significant differences were found among the algae samples. However, the algae grown in the higher concentration of selenate (200 ppm) with no sulfite appeared to have a better BA than all other algae samples. Although Se-rich algae did not increase GPx activity as well as traditional supplementation forms, the results gave an insight for the ways to improve Se BA from this novel source. In addition, evaluation of nutritional profile of the algae will give us a greater understanding of how it can offer other health benefits for future supplementation.
Review on Changes in Bioactive Composition of Fruits during Juice Processing
Authors: Gemechu Warkina
Published: November 2022

Fruits and vegetables are consumed at all times, and due to their convenient size; they are an excellent between-meal snack. Fruit juices are naturally rich in bioactive compositions like phenolic compounds. However, in some other cases heat processing may partially destroy them or significantly reduce their bioavailability, thus reducing beneficial health effects. Modern processing, packaging, ingredient technology and distribution systems are taken as a system that assure safe, stable and appealing fruit juice products in a convenient, economical form far from the raw material source or season. Fruits may contain different bioactive compounds, many of which may have antioxidant capacity. Many complex biochemical reactions are involved during the ripening process, such as the hydrolysis of starch and the synthesis of carotenoids, anthocyanins, and phenolic compounds in addition to the formation of various volatile compounds. The processing such as thermal pasteurization and sterilization, pulsed electric fields, high pressure, ultrasound, microwave treatment, and microfiltration aimed to preserve fruit juices due to their ability to inactivate a wide range of microorganism’s and spoilage enzymes may have another effect on bioactive compounds. So that avoiding over processing to save bioactive nutrients and following the best juice processing methods, adopting high energy transfer processing method such as high temperature short time pasteurization to reduce the treatment time, improving temperature and time combination in processing is recommended.
Influence of Drying Temperature on Nutritional and Bioactive Compounds of (Blighia sapida) Ackee Apple Seeds
Authors: OO Olabinjo
Published: November 2022

Blighia sapida apple seed is among one of the wasted and under-utilized seeds in Nigeria. Which have been highly utilized as an ornamental tree with non-commercially purpose? The research was aimed to evaluate the effect of different drying temperatures on nutritional and bioactive constituent’s ackee apple seed. Freshly harvested ackee apple seed with a moisture content of approximately 45% (w.b.), the seeds were dried at different temperatures (40, 50, 60, 70°C and sun drying) until reaching moisture content of less than 11.00 ± 0.7% (w.b.), and they were subsequently analysis for proximate and bioactive constituents (flavonoid, phenolic and vitamin c) using standard method. Nutritional value of ackee seeds at drying temperatures exceeding 50°C results in reduction for the nutritive parameters and bioactive constituents. Dried ackee seed can have a longer shelf-life, produce diversity, and remarkable reduction in volume. In addition, due to its high-quality dried products that retain nutritional and the presence of bioactive compounds (flavonoids, phenolic and vitamin c) which could be a mean of generating another source of raw material for food, pharmaceutical industries and reduces wastage of these seeds during their season.
Rapid and Reliable Method for Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Iron Fortificants Used for Flour Fortification
Authors: MB Reddy
Published: November 2022

Food fortification with iron has potential to reduce anemia if the manufacturers comply with fortification standards using highly bioavailable and required quantities of iron. Our objective was to develop a quick and simple method to identify and quantify iron compounds commonly used for flour fortification to help agencies monitor fortification programs. Wheat and corn flours were fortified with 40-60 mg Fe/kg using ferric pyrophosphate, ferrous sulfate, ferrous citrate, ferrous fumarate, sodium ferric EDTA, and electrolytic iron. Using potassium thiocyanate with hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide, we identified EFe, ferric, and ferrous fortificants. Ferric and ferrous salts were differentiated based on their solubility in water using ferrozine with and without added ascorbic acid. Semi-quantification by visual analysis was not significantly different from two standard quantitative methods. This study provides practical options to identify and quantify Fe fortificants based on the resources available at the facilities in various countries. Correct identification of unknown iron samples by independent personnel and accuracy of visual quantification suggested the reliability, ease, and accuracy of these methods in identifying and quantifying iron fortificants.