bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immigrant-serving leaders’ perspectives on bridging home and school in crisis situations
Authors: Dávila Liv T , Kolano Lan Q
Published: February 2025

This article analyzes findings from a qualitative interview-based study that explored the perspectives of leaders of four immigrant-serving non-profit organizations in the United States on facilitating educational access for immigrant and refugee families with school-aged children and youth over the 2020–2021 school year, during which, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, public school instruction took place online, or in a hybrid format. These organizations primarily serve low-income, newcomer Mexican, Guatemalan, Congolese, and Southeast Asian families whose children represent the highest proportion of multilingual learners of English (MLEs) in schools in the regions where this research took place. Interviews with organization leaders and staff are analyzed using emotional capital framings that center affect as a resource for action. Findings highlight the emotional labor, adaptability, and innovation that undergird each organization’s efforts to facilitate remote learning, address mental health concerns related to school, and provide families with basic needs. By centering leaders’ emotional responses to every-day and emergency situations, this research offers nuanced understandings of how mutually beneficial partnerships between community organizations and schools can be nurtured and sustained to support immigrant children and their families. We conclude by offering implications for future research, and education policy and practice.
Sound Similarities: Exploring Sonography in Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Peak Katherine R. , Wilson Amy L.
Published: February 2025

Sonography is a valuable diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine. Sonographic anatomy and examination protocols in animals can be very similar to those in humans. However, there are distinct challenges present when performing veterinary sonography, including the presence of fur limiting transducer contact with the skin, anatomic variations among species, combative animals, increased respirations and image motion, and increased bowel gas. Standard imaging optimization techniques can be utilized to assist in the diagnosis of trauma-related injuries and non-emergent pathology.
17(R)-RESOLVIN D1 PROTECTS AGAINST SICKLE CELL-RELATED INFLAMMATORY CARDIOMYOPATHY IN HUMANIZED MICE
Authors: Federti Enrica , Mattoscio Domenico , Recchiuti Antonio , Matte Alessandro , Monti Maria , Cozzolino Flora , Iezzi Manuela , Ceci Martina , Ghigo Alessandra , Tolosano Emanuela , siciliano angela , Ceolan Jacopo , Riccardi Veronica , Gremese Elisa , Brugnara Carlo , De Franceschi Lucia
Published: February 2025

Cardiovascular disease has been recognized as the main cause of death in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD). Although the exact mechanism linking SCD to cardiomyopathy remains elusive, a possible role of subclinical acute transient myocardial ischemia during acute sickle-cell-related vaso-occlusive-crisis (VOCs) has been suggested. We approached SCD cardiomyopathy by integrated omics using humanized SS mice exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation stress (10 hours hypoxia followed by 3 hours reoxygenation, H//R), mimicking acute-VOCs. In SS mice exposed to H/R, a neutrophil-driven cardiac hypertrophic response is initiated by cardiac pro-inflammatory pathways, intersecting proteins and miRNA involved in pro-fibrotic signaling. This response may be facilitated by locally unresolved inflammation. We then examined the effect of 17R-Resolvin-D1 (17R-RvD1), a member of the specialized pro-resolving-lipid mediator superfamily, administration on H/R activated pro-fibrotic and pro-angiogenic pathways. In SS mice, we found that 17R-RvD1 (i) modulates miRNAome; (ii) prevents the activation of NF-kBp65; (iii) protects against the H/R induced activation of both PDGFB-R and TGF-b1/Smad2-3 canonical pathways; (iv) reduces the expression of HIF-dependent pro-angiogenic signaling; (v) decreases the H/R induced pro-apoptotic cell signature. The protective role of 17R-RvD1 against H/R induced maladaptive heart remodeling was supported by the reduction of Gal-3, pro-collagen-C-proteinase-enhancer-1, endothelin-1 expression and perivascular fibrosis in SS mice at 3 days after H/R stress when compared to vehicle-treated SS animals. Collectively our data support the novel role of unresolved inflammation in pathologic heart remodeling in SCD mice in response to H/R stress. Our study provides new evidence for protective effects of 17R-RvD1 against SCD-related cardiovascular disease.
Effects of a transient lack of dietary mineral phosphorus on renal gene expression and plasma metabolites in two high-yielding laying hen strains
Authors: Qasir Hiba , Reyer Henry , Oster Michael , Ponsuksili Siriluck , Trakooljul Nares , Sommerfeld Vera , Rodehutscord Markus , Wimmers Klaus
Published: February 2025

Background

There is an emerging body of evidence that current poultry feed is formulated in excess for phosphorus (P), which results in unnecessarily high P excretions. Sustainable concepts for agricultural P flows should trigger animal-intrinsic mechanisms for efficient P utilization. In the current study, Lohmann Brown (LB) and Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) laying hens were fed either a high P diet (P+) with 1 g/kg mineral P supplement or a low P diet (P-) with 0 g/kg mineral P supplement for a period of 4 weeks prior to sampling. Before and after onset of laying, i.e., at 19 and 24 weeks of life, kidney and plasma samples were collected to investigate the endogenous P utilization in response to restricted dietary P, laying hen strain, and sexual maturation.

Results

Plasma analyses of minerals and metabolites confirmed the response to a low P diet, which was characterized by a significant reduction in plasma P levels at week 19 in both strains. The plasma calcium (Ca) levels were tightly regulated throughout the entire experimental period. Notably, there was a numerical trend of increased plasma calcitriol levels in P- fed birds of both strains compared to the P + group, which might have mediated a substantial role regarding the adaptive responses to low P supply. At week 19, RNA sequencing of kidney identified 1,114 and 556 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) unique to the LB and LSL strains, respectively. The number of DEGs declined with increasing maturity of the hens culminating in 90 and 146 DEGs for LB and LSL strains at week 24. Analyses revealed an enrichment of pathways related to energy metabolism and cell cycle, particularly at week 19 in both strains. The diet-specific expression of target genes involved in P homeostasis highlighted transcripts related to active (SLC34A1, SLC20A2) and passive mineral transport (CLDN14, CLDN16), Ca utilization (STC1, CALB1), and acid-base balance (CA2, SLC4A1).

Conclusions

Results suggest that both laying hen strains adapted to the lack of mineral P supplements and achieved a physiological Ca: P-ratio in body compartments through endogenous regulation as evidenced via the endocrine profile.
How can we enhance ‘real-time’ patient involvement in medical education? A qualitative study of patients and students
Authors: Alao Adedoyin , Burford Bryan , Alberti Hugh , Vance Gillian
Published: February 2025

Background

Patient contact is integral to undergraduate medical training. While political strategies emphasise the ‘patient’s voice’ in medical education, the literature on how to enhance the active involvement of real-time patients is sparse. Increased demands for real-time patient interactions in primary care poses a challenge for educators to provide adequate opportunities for students to learn. Evidence on how students may benefit from patients’ active involvement may inform the design and construction of teaching/learning encounters to optimise the educational value while maintaining positive patient experiences. This study aimed to identify how the involvement of real-time patients in medical education might be enhanced. It examined two research questions: •How does enhanced patient involvement support student learning in different areas of practice? • What can be done to enhance patients’ active involvement in medical students’ training to support those learning benefits?

Methods

We conducted focus groups with patients, workshops and interviews with medical students and analysed the data using codebook thematic analysis.

Results

Patient contact helped students develop their knowledge, clinical and interpersonal skills, professional values, confidence and sense of identity. Students learn by practising the role of a doctor, observing clinicians and reflecting on their experiences. Real-time patients provided experience of diversity, real-life stories and contextual variations that promoted learning. Patients would like to perform active roles, such as shaping encounters and providing explanations, feedback and emotional support to students. While such active involvement may provide learning opportunities for students, many patients were unable to perform active roles during their previous interactions with students. Patients’ active involvement may be facilitated by ensuring adequate introductions, good relationships and an explicit invitation.

Conclusion

The resulting model may form the basis for future research and interventions that encourage and support patients to actively participate in teaching consultations. [293 words]
Impact of a POCUS-first versus CT-first approach on emergency department length of stay and time to surgical consultation in patients with acute cholecystitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Huang Chien-Tai , Wang Liang-Wei , Lin Shao-Yung , Chen Tai-Yuan , Ho Yi-Ju , Wang Pei-Hsiu , Liu Kao-Lang , Wu Yao-Ming , Wang Hsiu-Po , Lien Wan-Ching
Published: February 2025

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the impact of point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) and computed tomography (CT) on emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS) and time to surgical consultation in patients with mild acute cholecystitis (AC).

Methods

Adult patients with CT-confirmed grade I AC were retrospectively enrolled and divided into the PoCUS-first group and the CT-first group. The primary outcome was the relationship between the door-to-ultrasound (US)/CT time and ED-LOS. The secondary outcome was the relationship between the door-to-US/CT time and time to surgical consultation.

Results

A total of 1627 patients were included with 264 in the PoCUS first group. In the PoCUS group, door-to-US time was positively associated with ED-LOS (β = 0.27, p < 0.001) and time to surgical consultation (β = 0.36, p < 0.001). Similarly, door-to-CT time was also positively associated with ED-LOS (β = 0.21, p < 0.001) and time to surgical consultation (β = 0.75, p < 0.001) in the CT group. Conducting PoCUS within 60 min was associated with a reduced ED-LOS and time to surgical consultation, resulting in a saving of 22.4 h and 266 min, respectively. In the CT group, performing CT within 120 min was associated with a reduced ED-LOS and time to surgical consultation, resulting in a decrease of 12 h and 188 min, respectively. The ED-LOS and time to surgical consultation were similar between patients receiving PoCUS within 60 min in PoCUS group and those receiving CT within 120 min in the CT group.

Conclusions

Performing PoCUS within 60 min or CT within 120 min was associated with shorter ED-LOS and earlier surgical consultation, enhancing the ED efficiency in patients with mild AC.

Trial registration
: NCT04149041 at ClinicalTrial.gov.
Industry return predictability using health policy uncertainty
Authors: Pham Thach , Bannigidadmath Deepa , Powell Robert
Published: February 2025

This paper examines how a change in health policy uncertainty affects US industry returns using monthly data from January 1985 to September 2020. We employ in-sample and out-of-sample analyses, and we find evidence that 25 out of 49 considered industries are predictable during the health crisis periods, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. The out-of-sample tests corroborate the evidence for the in-sample predictability. Furthermore, using a mean–variance utility function-based trading strategy, we observe that investors can use this simple tool for their trading strategies and make profits from 2.99 to 11.44% per annum. Our findings are robust after accounting for different business cycles, macroeconomic factor effects, the fluctuation in economic policy uncertainty, and different pandemic phases. These results complement the existing literature on industry return predictability and have potential implications for asset pricing and risk management.
Incorporating Structured and Unstructured Data Sources to Identify and Characterize Hereditary Cancer Testing Among Veterans With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Candelieri-Surette Danielle , Hung Anna , Agiri Fatai Y. , Hu Mengke , Hanchrow Elizabeth E. , Lee Kyung Min , Chang Nai-Chung N. , Yin Ming , Shevach Jeffrey W. , Li Weiyan , Nelson Tyler J. , Gao Anthony , Pridgen Kathryn M. , Schoen Martin W. , DuVall Scott L. , Wong Yu-Ning , Lynch Julie A. , Alba Patrick R.
Published: February 2025

PURPOSE

This study introduces an integrated approach using structured and unstructured data from an electronic health record to identify and characterize patient utilization of hereditary cancer genetic testing among patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Secondary objectives were to describe factors associated with the receipt of testing.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study included a cohort of Veterans diagnosed with mCRPC from January 2016 to December 2021. Receipt of genetic testing was identified using structured and unstructured data. Time to testing, age at testing, and testing rate were analyzed. Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with receipt of hereditary cancer genetic testing were identified including race, marital status, rurality, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and genetic counseling.

RESULTS

Among 9,703 Veterans with mCRPC who did not decline testing, 16% received genetic testing, with nearly half of the tests occurring in 2020-2021. Factors positively associated with genetic testing included receipt of genetic counseling (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 11.07 [95% CI, 3.66 to 33.51]), enrollment in clinical trial (aOR, 7.42 [95% CI, 5.59 to 9.84]), and treatment at a Prostate Cancer Foundation-Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence (aOR, 1.43 [95% CI, 1.04 to 1.95]). Negative associations included older age (aOR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.93 to 0.97]) and severe CCI score (aOR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.71 to 0.94]). Trends revealed that time to testing decreased per diagnosis year while median age at testing increased per year.

CONCLUSION

Although testing rates are still suboptimal, they have increased steadily since 2016. Educating Veterans about the benefits of genetic testing may further improve testing rates.
Evaluation of quality and bone microarchitecture alterations in osteopetrosis patients: assessed by HR-pQCT
Authors: Zhou Ruotong , Pang Qianqian , Qi Xuan , Wu Yushuo , Chi Yue , Cui Lijia , Jiajue Ruizhi , Li Xiang , Li Mei , Jiang Yan , Wang Ou , Xing Xiaoping , Zhang Li , Xia Weibo
Published: February 2025

Context

Osteopetrosis (OPT) is a rare skeletal disease characterized by high bone mass that has two major inheritance patterns: autosomal dominant osteopetrosis (ADO) and autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO). However, comprehensive descriptions of bone microarchitecture in OPT patients are limited.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the bone microarchitecture of OPT patients, explore age-related bone alterations and describe the skeletal heterogeneity among different genotypes.

Methods

Nine OPT patients, including 7 ADO patients with CLCN7 mutations, 1 ARO patient with CAII mutation, and 1 ARO patient with TCIRG1 mutation, were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Clinical and biochemical examinations were performed. Bone microstructure was investigated by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT).

Results

Compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls, OPT patients had greater total volumetric bone mineral density. In addition, trabecular bone was denser, with greater trabecular volumetric bone mineral density, increased trabecular number, and decreased trabecular separation. However, the cortical bone in OPT patients was weaker, characterized by increased cortical thickness and porosity. OPT patients exhibited characteristic patterns, including bone islets and uneven dense structures, on the representative reconstruction HR-pQCT images. Skeletal heterogeneity across different genotypes was observed, with looser cortical bone in one OPT patient with CAII mutation and thicker cortical bone in one OPT patient with TCIRG1 mutation.

Conclusions

Compared with healthy controls, OPT patients presented with denser trabecular bone, thicker but looser cortical bone, unique bone patterns and skeletal heterogeneity. These results provide new insights into bone alterations in OPT patients.
Role of ultrasound with doppler in differentiating clinically suspected cases of leiomyoma and adenomyosis of uterus
Authors: Mahale Nina , V Shruthi , Mahale Ajit , Ullal Sonali , Fernandes Merwyn , Prabhu Sonali
Published: February 2025

Aim The aim of this study was to differentiate clinically suspected cases of leiomyoma and adenomyosis using 2d grey scale ultrasound with doppler.P Methods and materials 60 patients with a history of abnormal uterine bleeding (aub) and clinically suspected cases of uterine leiomyoma and adenomyosis were subjected to ultrasound. These patients underwent either myomectomy or total abdominal hysterectomy and the specimens were sent for histopathology. The data collected was analysed using statistical tools and sensitivity and specificity analysis was conducted to estimate the accuracy of ultrasound in differentiating leiomyoma and adenomyosis. Results Out of total of 60 patients 41 were diagnosed clinically as Leiomyoma, of which USG detected 36 cases to be Leiomyoma, leaving 5 cases unconfirmed. 19 patients were diagnosed clinically as Adenomyosis and USG detected 15 cases as Adenomyosis, leaving 4 cases unconfirmed. Out of 41 cases detected clinically as leiomyoma 37 were confirmed by histopathology. Out of 19 cases clinically diagnosed as adenomyosis 15 cases were confirmed by histopathology as adenomyosis. Conclusion The study revealed that USG findings for both Leiomyoma and Adenomyosis had a very strong correlation with histopathology with a P value of less than 0.001 which is statistically significant. These findings could be useful in clinical practice for differentiating between these two conditions, thereby facilitating better management and treatment of the patients.
The genome sequence of the Purple Argent moth, Argyresthia albistria Haworth, 1828
Authors: Sims Ian , Lees David C. ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2025

We present a genome assembly from a female specimen of Argyresthia albistria (the Purple Argent; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Argyresthiidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 370.50 megabases. Most of the assembly (96.24%) is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the W and Z sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.56 kilobases in length.
The Intelligent Computing and Information Technology in Sports Performance Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Long Huan , Jing Lei
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a new method to obtain the training trajectory by using the mean shift method. In this way, the incomplete motion trajectory caused by the rapid movement of the moving target due to the complex background is solved. The human body modeling is regarded as a skeletal model with 51 degrees of freedom and 16 joints, and the motion trajectory is digitally processed. At the same time, the dimension compression of the trajectory is also carried out to reduce the calculation amount. The gradient iteration method based on random distribution is selected to reduce the dependence on environmental parameters. The object color image is the main feature to realize the acquisition of motion trajectory. The experiment proves that the algorithm can reflect the movement state of each part of the athlete well. This method can accurately obtain the training trajectory without any associated parameters.
Research on Physical Education Teaching Improvement Strategies and Algorithms Based on Big Data Analysis
Authors: Tian Yu
Published: February 2025

The study "Physical Education Teaching Improvement based on Deep Learning (PETDEL) which Combines Decision Tree with Fuzzy Level Algorithm" presents a novel method for improving teaching methods in physical education (PE) by involving advanced machine learning techniques. The novel framework PETDEL, which this study creates, combines fuzzy logic and decision trees to produce a strong model that can handle the difficult structures present in PE data. By defining exact pathways based on measurable data from physical education contexts, such as student attendance, performance indicators and exam outcomes, the decision tree algorithm helps structured decision-making. Similarly, the fuzzy logic feature provides variation and flexibility to the model by taking into consideration highly individualized and subjective variables, which may be difficult to accurately quantify, such effort and student involvement levels. With this combination, PETDEL is able to process and analyze large amounts of data collected in educational environments in an efficient manner, which results in more exact forecasts of student outcomes and more customized teaching approaches. Because of its ability to combine and analyze both clear and fuzzy data, the system is very good at giving useful information that can guide changes to programs and instructional strategies. The findings of the experiments show that PETDEL delivers notable increases in the variation of teaching approaches and greatly improves the prediction accuracy of student performance, both of which have a favorable impact on the overall quality of physical education. This research proves that physical education may be more responsive to the varied requirements of students by paving the path for more advanced instructional tools and improving teaching methods through data-driven insights.
Green Digital Operation and Maintenance Technology of Power Equipment Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Yang Qia , Qu Ge , Sun Qizhen , Ding Xiaofei , Yang Jue
Published: February 2025

In order to solve the problem of low accuracy in traditional digital operation and maintenance of power equipment, the author proposes a research on green digital operation and maintenance technology of power equipment based on deep learning. The author first analyzed the text characteristics and segmentation difficulties of work orders, summarized seven types of entities, and manually annotated 3452 work orders to form a training set, Secondly, pre train the BERT module using relevant equipment testing and fault analysis reports to obtain power word vectors, Then use the BiLSTM module to predict entity labels, Finally, the CRF module was introduced to optimize the prediction labels and conduct Chinese entity recognition experiments on 1000 work orders. The experimental results indicate that: Compared with LSTM, BiLSTM, and BiLSTM-CRF models, the BERT BiLSTM-CRF model has better entity recognition performance in power primary equipment operation and maintenance work order texts, with an F1 value of 85.7\%, which is 11.6%, 7.3%, and 4.8% higher than the other three models, respectively. This system can effectively improve the work efficiency of operation and maintenance personnel, reduce their communication costs, achieve efficient management of on-site equipment, and assist enterprises in achieving production goals of improving quality and efficiency.
Innovative Applications of Multimodal Sensing Technology in Sports Rehabilitation Assessment and Training
Authors: Ma Congcong , Jiang Kun , Zhao Qian , Ni Decai , Zhang Jiadong
Published: February 2025

This study explores an innovative approach to evaluating the training effectiveness of lower limb exoskeleton robots by integrating multiple data types, including electrophysiological signals and kinematic measurements, to assess patients' walking ability quantitatively. Through precisely defined synergistic indicators, this method effectively combines different types of data and dramatically improves the efficiency and accuracy of rehabilitation assessment. First, the patient's lower extremity electro myoelectric activity and movement data were recorded while walking with exoskeleton assistance. Secondly, the key EMG and kinematic features are analyzed and extracted by a collaborative quantization algorithm based on the theory of muscle cooperative work. Then, this information from different levels is integrated to build a feature fusion model, based on which the lower limb motor function score is calculated. The development of multi-channel lower limb exoskeleton human-computer interaction technology for sports training can provide a variety of standardized and standardized auxiliary training for athletes and meet the human body's multi-sensory immersion. A multi-step, multi-degree-of-freedom motion planning algorithm is proposed to reproduce various activities the human body requires. Secondly, the lower extremity-oriented multi-modal human-computer interaction technology is studied to realize the display and guidance of standard movement in information space on the virtual reality competition training simulation platform. Build a motion database to assist and correct basic motion in physical space. The experimental results showed a significant correlation between the extracted myoelectric and kinematic synergistic features and the clinical evaluation tools, with the correlation coefficients reaching 0.832 and 0.859, respectively. The fusion features show a stronger correlation when applying the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm. This evaluation method cannot only optimize the training strategy of the exoskeleton robot according to the results but also provide the possibility to realize the "man in the ring" mode of evaluation and training simultaneously.
Application of Genetic Algorithm in Meshless Optimization of Elastic Foundation with Ribbed Plates and Beams
Authors: Liu Xiaomei
Published: February 2025

In order to overcome the mesh dependency of finite element method, the author proposes the application of genetic algorithm in meshless optimization of elastic foundation with ribbed plates and beams. The ribbed plate is regarded as a combination of plates and beams. Based on the meshless method and combined with genetic algorithm, the rib arrangement position of the rectangular ribbed plate is optimized to minimize the deflection of the center point of the ribbed plate under lateral load. Compared to traditional finite element methods, using the author's meshless method for rib position optimization analysis of ribbed plates does not require mesh reconstruction, and the nodes discretized on the plate and ribs always do not need to be changed. The results indicate that the deflection values of the center points corresponding to the second generation individuals are more concentrated, and there are also many individuals with smaller deflection values compared to the first generation. The hybrid genetic algorithm is indeed effective. The author added the constrained random direction method to form a hybrid genetic algorithm based on genetic algorithm, which accelerates convergence speed, reduces computational repetition rate, and significantly reduces the computational algebra of genetic algorithm to two or three generations, resulting in better results.
Reviewing the current treatment approaches for bullous pemphigoid – analysis of literature
Authors: Nowak Julia , Najdek Agnieszka , Oleksy Daria , Komada Dawid , Kaczmarska Urszula , Woźniak Aleksandra , Cioch Michał Jakub , Mycyk Marcin , Hermanowicz Kamil , Doman Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disorder primarily affecting the elderly, particularly older men, and is characterized by type 2 inflammation. The disease is defined by autoantibodies targeting BP180 (BPAG2) and BP230 (BPAG1) within the basement membrane zone. Advanced age is a significant risk factor for BP, with additional associations identified, including certain medications—such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and aldosterone antagonists—and neurological disorders like Parkinson’s disease. The global annual cumulative incidence of BP is estimated at 8.2 cases per 1,000,000 individuals, with Europe reporting higher incidence rates than other regions. BP significantly impacts patients’ quality of life due to painful, pruritic skin lesions and is associated with a higher prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities, such as schizophrenia. BP increases the risk of complications, including pulmonary embolism and pneumonia, and is linked to high mortality. These findings highlight the need for early diagnosis and comprehensive management to improve patient outcomes.
Eagle Syndrome - the issue of an elongated styloid process. A literature review
Authors: Brzoza Martyna , Dubniański Bartosz , Stawińska-Dudek Julia , Józefowicz Wiktoria , Machaj Damian
Published: February 2025

Introduction and purpose:
Since orofacial pain poses a common ailment nowadays, it is important to identify properly its source and implement all the necessary measures that are required to mitigate its consequences. Among a wide range of various medical conditions, Eagle Syndrome should be considered during differential diagnosis. The aim of this article is to have a thorough insight into the matter of this particular condition and expand knowledge based on scientific investigations discussed in literature.
The state of knowledge:
Eagle Syndrome is a condition which manifests either by an elongated styloid process or ossification of the stylohyoid ligaments which interfere with adjacent anatomical structures resulting in many different, often nonspecific, symptoms such as, for example, limited ability of jaw opening, increased salivary flow, foreign body sensation in pharynx as well as tinnitus. However, in majority of cases it is asymptomatic condition and may be detected incidentally during clinical examination. In order to ensure accurate diagnosis, thorough medical history and anamnesis are required as well as clinical and radiographic examination. Treatment methods that involve either conservative or surgical approach are selected depending on the severity of symptoms as well as patient’s general condition.
Conclusions:
Eagle Syndrome is a rare clinical condition that requires detailed and precise diagnostics as well as cooperation between healthcare professionals of various specialties in order to undertake proper measures regarding condition’s management.  Therefore, knowledge in this field needs to be expanded and due to the complexity and nature of the Eagle Syndrome further studies are necessary to explore the matter more broadly.
Enemistad y confesión: expresiones de intimidad en el conflicto del obispo Cristóbal Bernaldo de Quirós con el gobernador Miguel García en Popayán (1674-1679)
Authors: Galeano Juan
Published: February 2025

Este capítulo estudia las expresiones de lo íntimo de los querellantes de un conflicto ocurrido en Popayán entre 1674 y 1679.1 El conflicto fue protagonizado por el obispo Cristóbal Bernaldo de Quirós y el gobernador Miguel
García. Intentamos trazar lo íntimo, es decir, lo subjetivo y emocional, y, en este caso, aquella intimidad inspirada en la pasión y el arrepentimiento. La mala querencia entre ambos ocasionó litigios, insultos, violencias, humillaciones y atentados. Los papeles de los pleitos corrieron entre los juzgados de Popayán y
los tribunales de las audiencias reales de Quito y Santafé, pasaron a la corte de Madrid y algunos llegaron hasta Roma. Además, el conflicto puso a Popayán en entredicho y su vecindario evidenció cómo las “dos cabezas” de su gobierno se peleaban durante un lustro en pleitos de difícil resolución.
Delegating specialised service commissioning: will the latest changes establish an effective structure in England?
Authors: Peckham Stephen
Published: February 2025

The history of specialised commissioning in England over the last 40 years has identified several issues that the NHS has attempted, on many occasions, to address. This article aims to place the most recent reforms within their wider historical context; the reforms issued following the Health and Care Act 2022 are just one more approach organising the commissioning of specialised services. Previous reforms will be examined, up to the most substantial changes introduced by the Health and Social Care Act 2012. In 2012, the commissioning of specialised services was one of several commissioning areas centralised within NHS England, but old problems continued and adverse impacts on service delivery and funding emerged. The latest reforms attempt to address both historical issues and those that have emerged since 2012. Whether this new system is likely to succeed in delivering an effective commissioning structure where previous ones have failed is discussed.
Assessment of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients with Psoriasis Using Echocardiographic Coronary Flow Reserve Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jain Hritvik , Tariq Muhammad Daoud , Khan Abdul Moiz , Ahsan Areeba , Zulfiqar Eeshal , Shahnoor Syeda , Jain Jyoti , Ahmed Raheel , Odat Ramez M. , Wali Agha , Khan Rozi
Published: February 2025

Aims/Background Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease (CAD). This study assessed coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in psoriasis patients using echocardiographic coronary flow parameters, controlling for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis, to fill gaps identified in previous research.

Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed using multiple electronic databases for studies on echocardiographic coronary flow parameters in patients with psoriasis. The outcomes of interest included the coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR), hyperemic diastolic peak flow velocity (DPFV), and baseline DPFV. Data were extracted and analyzed using RevMan 5.4 (Nordic Cochrane Center, Copenhagen, Denmark), with pooled standard mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results Four studies involving 557 patients were included in this analysis. Pooled analysis revealed a significant reduction in CFVR in patients with psoriasis compared to controls (SMD: –0.71; 95% CI: –0.97, –0.45; p < 0.00001). Hyperemic DPFV was significantly reduced (SMD: –0.71; 95% CI: –1.30, –0.12; p = 0.02), whereas baseline DPFV showed no signficant difference (SMD: 0.20; 95% CI: –0.92, 1.32; p = 0.73).

Conclusion Psoriasis was associated with reduced CFVR and hyperemic DPFV, suggesting early CMD. CFVR could aid in early CMD detection in psoriasis patients, informing cardiovascular risk management and potential anti-inflammatory treatment benefits.

Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO: CRD42024574085 .
Iron in Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Kidney Disease—Current Trends and Future Direction
Authors: McDonnell Thomas , Kalra Philip A
Published: February 2025

Anaemia is a frequent and serious complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD), affecting both non-dialysis-dependent (NDD) and dialysis-dependent (DD) patients. While erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency is the primary cause, iron deficiency (ID) also plays a crucial role. ID in CKD can be classified as either absolute, resulting from blood loss, or functional, driven by inflammation and elevated hepcidin levels, which trap iron in macrophages and hepatocytes, preventing its use in erythropoiesis. Elevated hepcidin also reduces dietary iron absorption in the gut, making oral iron supplements ineffective, particularly in advanced CKD. This review summarises the available intravenous (IV) iron formulations, discusses diagnostic definitions and treatment thresholds for ID in NDD and DD CKD, and explores potential future therapeutic directions.
Interruption versus continuation of adalimumab during hidradenitis surgery: secondary wound healing and postoperative complications
Authors: Esme Pelin , Botsali Aysenur , Caliskan Ercan
Published: February 2025

Objective:

The combination of adalimumab and surgical interventions plays a crucial role in managing severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). However, there is still limited scientific evidence regarding administering adalimumab during the perioperative period. This study aimed to evaluate whether adalimumab could adversely affect postoperative complications and the total time of wound closure (TTWC) in patients undergoing cutaneous surgery for HS.

Method:

In this single-centre cohort study, patients with HS were allocated to two groups. Group 1 (biological cohort) consisted of patients with HS who had continuously received adalimumab for at least three months before the procedure. Group 2 (non-biological cohort) patients underwent cutaneous surgery after only four weeks of anti-inflammatory medication. All patients were left to secondary wound healing.

Results:

A total of 30 surgical sites in 20 patients were included in the study (Group 1: 15 surgical sites/nine patients; Group 2: 15 surgical sites/11 patients). Disease severity and excised skin areas were significantly higher in Group 1 (p<0.001 and p=0.042, respectively) than in Group 2. While the median TTWC was longer in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p=0.004), multivariate regression analysis showed that TTWC was associated with the excised skin area (p=0.016) and Hurley stage (p=0.032), but was not affected by the use of adalimumab (p=0.076).

Conclusion:

In this study, the use of adalimumab around surgery was not associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications or a prolonged course of wound closure. The results in this patient cohort suggest that adalimumab should not be discontinued during the perioperative period of HS surgery.
Metastatic pancreatic cancer with activating BRAF V600E mutations: A case report
Authors: Li Fang , Shen Feng
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant tumor that is resistant to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Combination chemotherapy regimens are the standard first-line regimens for metastatic disease, with a median survival < 12 months. Although recurrent genomic alterations such as the BRAF V600E mutation have been reported in PC, evidence supporting the clinical effectiveness of molecularly guided targeted therapies is limited.

CASE SUMMARY

We report a case of a 33-year-old male who was referred to our department with weight loss of 5 kg in 2 months, anorexia and abdominal pain. Imaging showed extensive lesions involving the pancreas, liver, bones, muscles and lymph nodes accompanied by elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Biopsy yielded a diagnosis of PC. Treatment with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel was initiated, but the disease progressed in < 2 months even though the patient’s general condition improved. Molecular testing revealed the presence of BRAF mutation. Dabrafenib/trametinib combination therapy was introduced, and the patient was treated for 2 months with a decrease in CA19-9 and CEA levels, but he died after 2 months of treatment.

CONCLUSION

BRAF alterations are infrequent in PC. This case highlights the significance of molecular profiling in patients with PC, especially in patients with a high tumor burden.
Efficacy of catheter-based ultrasound renal denervation in the treatment of hypertension
Authors: Ou Yi-Chao , Peng Xin-Yuan , Yang Jing-Xi , Chen Bo-Yu , Chen Peng-Fei , Liu Mao
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Hypertension (HTN) is a prevalent chronic health condition that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases-associated mortalities. Despite the use of antihypertensive medications, numerous patients fail to achieve guideline-recommended blood pressure (BP) targets.

AIM

To evaluates the efficacy of catheter-based ultrasound renal denervation (uRDN) for the treatment of HTN.

METHODS

Relevant studies were identified through searches in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, with a cut-off date at April 1, 2024. A random-effects model was employed in this study to mitigate potential biases. The risk of bias for included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool. Statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager version 5.3. This meta-analysis incorporated four studies encompassing a total of 627 patients. The reporting bias of this study was deemed acceptable.

RESULTS

Compared to the Sham group, the uRDN group demonstrated a significant reduction in daytime ambulatory systolic BP (SBP) [mean difference (MD) -3.87 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (CI): -7.02 to -0.73, P = 0.02], office SBP (MD -4.13 mmHg, 95%CI: -7.15 to -1.12, P = 0.007), and home SBP (MD -5.51 mmHg, 95%CI: -8.47 to -2.55, P < 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant reduction observed in either 24-hour or nighttime ambulatory SBP levels. Subgroup analysis shows that uRDN can significantly reduce the SBP in patients with non-resistant HTN (MD -6.19 mmHg, MD -6.00 mmHg, MD -7.72 mmHg, MD -5.02 mmHg, MD -3.61 mmHg).

CONCLUSION

The current evidence suggests that uRDN may effectively reduce home, office, and daytime SBP in patients with HTN, particularly in those with non-resistant HTN.
Correlations of vancomycin trough concentration and its efficacy and toxicity in patients in the intensive care unit
Authors: Guo Teng , Du Li-Ying , Liu Ming-Feng , Zhou Xia-Jin , Chen Xin-Ran
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Plasma concentration monitoring is crucial for optimizing vancomycin use, particularly in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, the reference interval for vancomycin plasma concentration remains undetermined.

AIM

To evaluate the correlations of area under the curve (AUC0-24) and trough concentration (Cmin) with efficacy and nephrotoxicity in patients in the ICU.

METHODS

A total of 103 patients treated with vancomycin for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections were analyzed in this study. The associations of clinicodemographic characteristics (including sex, age, weight, infection sites, main etiologies of ICU cases, comorbidities, acute physiological chronic health evaluation II score, and mechanical ventilation) and pharmacokinetics (daily dose, Cmin, AUC0-24, and AUC0-24/minimum inhibitory concentration) with efficacy and nephrotoxicity of vancomycin were evaluated with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. AUC0-24 was calculated using VCM-TDM software based on vancomycin population pharmacokinetics and Bayesian feedback method.

RESULTS

Cmin over 9.4 μg/mL and AUC0-24 exceeding 359.6 μg × hour/mL indicated good efficacy against infection. Cmin below 14.0 μg/mL predicted no significant nephrotoxicity.

CONCLUSION

In this study, the effective and safe concentration interval for vancomycin in patients in the ICU was Cmin 9.4-14.0 μg/mL. Close attention should be paid to adverse effects and renal function during vancomycin treatment.
FOURTH-GENERATION PERCUTANEOUS TRANSVERSE OSTEOTOMIES FOR HALLUX VALGUS: A SERIES OF 729 FEET
Authors: Lam Peter , Newton Ayla , Murphy Evelyn , Chua Min Jia , Ray Robbie , Watt Clare , Robinson Peter , Dalmau-Pastor Mikai , Lewis Thomas
Published: February 2025

Background

Fourth-generation percutaneous or minimally invasive hallux valgus surgery utilizes a transverse osteotomy to achieve deformity correction. There are only a small number of series reporting the clinical and radiological outcomes of transverse osteotomies, many of which have methodological limitations such as small sample size, limited radiographic follow up or use of non-validated outcome measures. The aim of this study was to provide a methodological robust investigation into percutaneous transverse osteotomies for hallux valgus deformity.

Method

A prospective series of consecutive patients undergoing fourth generation metatarsal extra-capsular transverse osteotomy (META) performed by a single surgeon (PL) between November 2017 and January 2023. The primary outcomes were radiographic deformity correction and clinical foot function assessed using the Manchester-Oxford Foot questionnaire (MOXFQ). Radiographic deformity (Hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle (IMA), sesamoid position) was assessed according to AOFAS guidelines. Secondary outcomes included Visual Analogue Scale for Pain and radiographic deformity recurrence (defined as HVA >20° at final radiographic follow up).

Results

729 feet from 483 patients (456 Female, 27 Male, mean age 57.9±11.9 years) underwent META. Radiographic data (minimum 12 months post-surgery) was available for 99 .7% of feet with mean follow up of 2.6±1.3 years (range 1.0–5.7). There was a statistically significant improvement (p<0.05) in both HVA; 29.5±8.5° to 7.3±6.7°, and IMA, 12.9±3.4° to 4.6±2.5°. All MOXFQ domains showed significant improvement (p<0.05); Index 36.6±19.1 to 11.8±13.8, Pain 40.1±22.1 to 15.6±16.4, Walking/Standing 32.2±23.2 to 10.2±15.8 and Social Interaction 40.0±20.6 to 9.7±14.0. The recurrence rate was 4.5% (n=33). The complication rate was 6.1% which included a screw removal rate of 2.9%

Conclusion

This is the largest consecutive series of any percutaneous osteotomy technique to correct hallux valgus deformity. This study demonstrates that the technique leads to significant improvement in clinical and radiographic outcomes with a low rate of recurrence.