bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of a non-magnetic, odd-denominator fractional quantized conductance in a quasi-one-dimensional electron system
Authors: Kumar S. , Pepper M. , Ritchie D. , Farrer I. , Montagu H.
Published: September 2019

We have investigated the transport properties of a two-dimensional electron gas confined to one dimension by voltages applied to a pair of split gates and an additional top gate deposited on the surface of the GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. At low carrier concentrations, <5 × 1010 cm−2, in a wide 1D channel (700 nm), with an asymmetric confinement potential, the conductance plateaux in units of e2/h at 1 and 2/3 were observed. In the presence of a fixed in-plane magnetic field of 10 T, additional plateaux at 2/5 and 2/7 appeared with increasing asymmetry in confinement potential. The appearance of odd-denominator fractional states seems to originate from the zigzag formed when electrons are allowed to relax in the second dimension at the boundary of the 1D-2D transition.
An automated microfluidic device for time-lapse imaging of mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Laing Adam F. , Tirumala Venkat , Hegarty Evan , Mondal Sudip , Zhao Peisen , Hamilton William B. , Brickman Joshua M. , Ben-Yakar Adela
Published: September 2019

Long-term, time-lapse imaging studies of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) require a controlled and stable culturing environment for high-resolution imaging. Microfluidics is well-suited for such studies, especially when the media composition needs to be rapidly and accurately altered without disrupting the imaging. Current studies in plates, which can only add molecules at the start of an experiment without any information on the levels of endogenous signaling before the exposure, are incompatible with continuous high-resolution imaging and cell-tracking. Here, we present a custom designed, fully automated microfluidic chip to overcome these challenges. A unique feature of our chip includes three-dimensional ports that can connect completely sealed on-chip valves for fluid control to individually addressable cell culture chambers with thin glass bottoms for high-resolution imaging. We developed a robust protocol for on-chip culturing of mouse ESCs for minimum of 3 days, to carry out experiments reliably and repeatedly. The on-chip ESC growth rate was similar to that on standard culture plates with same initial cell density. We tested the chips for high-resolution, time-lapse imaging of a sensitive reporter of ESC lineage priming, Nanog-GFP, and HHex-Venus with an H2B-mCherry nuclear marker for cell-tracking. Two color imaging of cells was possible over a 24-hr period while maintaining cell viability. Importantly, changing the media did not affect our ability to track individual cells. This system now enables long-term fluorescence imaging studies in a reliable and automated manner in a fully controlled microenvironment.
Response to “Comment on ‘Quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator’” [J. Math. Phys. 60, 094101 (2019)]
Authors: Serhan M. , Abusini M. , Al-Jamel Ahmed , El-Nasser H. , Rabei Eqab M.
Published: September 2019

This is a response to a recently reported comment [F. M. Fernández, J. Math. Phys. 60, 094101 (2019)] on paper [M. Serhan et al., J. Math. Phys. 59, 082105 (2018)] regarding the quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator using a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian with real energy eigenvalues. We assert here that the calculation of Eq. (29) of Serhan et al. [J. Math. Phys. 59, 082105 (2018)] is incorrect, and thus the subsequent steps via the Nikiforov-Uvarov method are affected, and the energy eigenvalues should have been complex. However, we show here that the Hermiticity of the Hamiltonian should be first achieved to make the correct transition from classical Hamiltonian to quantum counterpart, and this can be reached using the symmetrization rule. The canonical quantization on the resulted Hermitian Hamiltonian yields the real energy eigenvalues as exactly given by Eq. (35) of Serhan et al. [J. Math. Phys. 59, 082105 (2018)].
Comment on “Quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator” [J. Math. Phys. 59, 082105 (2018)]
Authors: Fernández Francisco M.
Published: September 2019

Serhan et al. [J. Math. Phys. 59, 082105 (2018)] derived a quantum-mechanical Hamiltonian operator from the classical equations of motion for the damped harmonic oscillator and obtained its eigenvalues and eigenfunctions by canonical quantization. They claim that the eigenvalues are real, but here we show that they are in fact complex.
Fishing down then up the food web of an invaded lake
Authors: Dunlop Erin S. , Goto Daisuke , Jackson Donald A.
Published: September 2019

Significance

Fishing down the food web occurs in oceans when the mean trophic level (MTL) of the fisheries’ catch declines over time. Such a trend arises if fisheries successively deplete higher-trophic level species like top predators, moving on to harvest species closer to the base of the food web such as small fish and invertebrates. Freshwater fisheries have not shown these trends. We analyzed 148 y of catch records for an exploited lake, revealing that MTL declined during years dominated by commercial fishing but increased during the contemporary phase of recreational fishing. Recently, MTL was altered by invasive species and stocking. Thus, while MTL declined historically in this lake, the switch to recreational fishing and other factors altered the trajectory.
Virtual cycling effort is dependent on power update rate
Authors: Lazzari C. D. , Diefenthaeler F. , Marques J. L. B.
Published: September 2019

Cycling ergometer protocols are commonly integrated with a virtual reality environment (VRE), especially because of its static position that also allows multiple exercise experiments. Concerning VRE scenarios, visually delayed situations like the ones produced at excessive low update rates can also affect the sense of presence and physiological responses. However, the main interface between the subject and a cycling VRE is the power applied over the crank, and there are only a few experiments to evaluate the effect of delayed situations on this particular interface. Thus, this work aims to investigate the effects of the power update rate (PUR) over the subject's performance on an avatar‐based simulator during a drafting task. A custom cycling VRE was built, and 21 male recreational cyclists (175.9 ± 7.5 cm; 76.5 ± 13.9 kg) were tested at six different PUR levels from 100 to 3000 ms. As a result, PUR affects performance scores (virtual distance, efficiency, and heart rate, p < 0.01) at the given VRE conditions. The case‐by‐case analysis of the groups reveals that higher update rates always lead to a statistical equivalent or superior performance. Nevertheless, no parameter shows any group difference between 500 ms and lower PUR. These results suggest that virtual cycling protocols should consider PUR and other delay‐related mechanisms as possible intervening factors over physiological responses and performance scores.
Plasma extracellular vesicle microRNAs for pulmonary ground‐glass nodules
Authors: Zhang Jia‐Tao , Qin Hao , Cheung Fiona Ka Man , Su Jian , Zhang Da‐Dong , Liu Shi‐Yi , Li Xiao‐Fang , Qin Jing , Lin Jun‐Tao , Jiang Ben‐Yuan , Dong Song , Liao Ri‐Qiang , Qiang Nie , Yang Xue‐Ning , Tu Hai‐Yan , Zhou Qing , Yang Jin‐Ji , Zhang Xu‐Chao , Zhang Ya‐Nan , Wu Yi‐Long , Zhong Wen‐Zhao
Published: September 2019

In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic value and molecular characteristics of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs)‐derived miRNAs for patients with solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs), particularly ground‐glass nodules (GGNs). This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov under registration number NCT03230019. Small RNA sequencing was performed to assess plasma EVs miRNAs in 59 patients, including 12 patients with benign nodules (2017, training set). MiRNA profiles of 40 an additional individuals were sequenced (2018, validation set). Overall, 16 pure GGNs, 21 mixed GGNs, and 42 solid nodules were included, with paired post‐operative plasma samples available for 20 patients. The target miRNA/reference miRNA ratio was used to construct a support vector machine (SVM) model. The SVM model with the best specificity showed 100% specificity in both the training and validation sets independently. The model with the best sensitivity showed 100% and 96.9% sensitivity in the training and validation sets, respectively. Principal component analysis revealed that pure GGN distributions were distinct from those of solid nodules, and mixed GGNs had a diffuse distribution. Among differentially expressed miRNAs, miR‐500a‐3p, miR‐501‐3p, and miR‐502‐3p were upregulated in tumor tissues and enhanced overall survival. The SVM classifier accurately distinguished malignant GGNs and benign nodules. The distinct profile characteristics of miRNAs provided insights into the feasibility of EVs miRNAs as prognostic factors in lung cancer.
STUDIES IN THE PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF THE PROTEINS
Authors: Cohn Edwin J. , Berggren Ruth E. L.
Published: September 2019

On page 75, Vol. vii. No. 1, September 20, 1924, in lines 11, 18, and 27, and on page 77, under No. 4 of the Summary, in line 3, for 535 read 546.

On page 75, in line 18, for 2,140 read 2,184; in line 28, on the same page, for 12,840 read 13,104.
Deep learning-assisted classification of site-resolved quantum gas microscope images
Authors: Picard Lewis R B , Mark Manfred J , Ferlaino Francesca , van Bijnen Rick
Published: September 2019

We present a novel method for the analysis of quantum gas microscope images, which uses deep learning to improve the fidelity with which lattice sites can be classified as occupied or unoccupied. Our method is especially suited to addressing the case of imaging without continuous cooling, in which the accuracy of existing threshold-based reconstruction methods is limited by atom motion and low photon counts. We devise two neural network architectures which are both able to improve upon the fidelity of threshold-based methods, following training on large data sets of simulated images. We evaluate these methods on simulations of a free-space erbium quantum gas microscope, and a noncooled ytterbium microscope in which atoms are pinned in a deep lattice during imaging. In some conditions we see reductions of up to a factor of two in the reconstruction error rate, representing a significant step forward in our efforts to implement high fidelity noncooled site-resolved imaging.
Ni(HCO3)2 nanosheet/nickel tetraphosphate (Ni(P4O11)) nanowire composite as a high-performance electrode material for asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Chu Yuzhu , Zhong Jinling , Fang Zixun , Yang You , Qi Junyu , Yu Shengxue , Gu Jianmin
Published: September 2019

Nickel compounds, especially Ni(HCO3)2 (here denoted as NiC), have been widely combined with other materials to obtain composites with a more favorable structure that exhibit excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitors. Unfortunately, the complicated processes for preparing such composites directly restrict their further application. Herein, we prepared a NiC/nickel tetraphosphate (Ni(P4O11)) nanocomposite (NiC/NiP) by introducing

H

2

PO

4

−

ions into the NiC reaction system; this composite can be applied in high-performance supercapacitors. The micromorphology of NiC/NiP material displayed an appropriate combination of NiP nanowires and thin NiC nanosheets, which provide sufficient active sites, short ion diffusion paths and fast ion diffusion speeds. NiC/NiP material exhibited an excellent rate performance of 70.2% retained capacity, although the current was increased by 15 times (1196 F g−1 at 2.0 A g−1 and 840 F g−1 at 30 A g−1). The energy density of a NiC/NiP//active carbon (AC) asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated in 6 M KOH was as much as 39.02 W h kg−1 and 26.67 W h kg−1 under corresponding power densities of 160 W kg−1 and 8000 W kg−1, respectively. The asymmetric supercapacitor delivered a stable cyclic performance of 78% capacitive retention after 5000 continuous charge/discharge cycles. More importantly, a 2.5 V light-emitting diode was lit successfully by two NiC/NiP//AC asymmetric supercapacitors in series. These results confirm that NiC/NiP nanocomposite has great potential in practical applications of electrochemical energy storage devices.
Engineering effective Hamiltonians
Authors: Haas Holger , Puzzuoli Daniel , Zhang Feihao , Cory David G
Published: September 2019

In the field of quantum control, effective Hamiltonian engineering is a powerful tool that utilizes perturbation theory to mitigate or enhance the effect that a variation in the Hamiltonian has on the evolution of the system. Here, we provide a general framework for computing arbitrary time-dependent perturbation theory terms, as well as their gradients with respect to control variations, enabling the use of gradient methods for optimizing these terms. In particular, we show that effective Hamiltonian engineering is an instance of a bilinear control problem—the same general problem class as that of standard unitary design—and hence the same optimization algorithms apply. We demonstrate this method in various examples, including decoupling, recoupling, and robustness to control errors and stochastic errors. We also present a control engineering example that was used in experiment, demonstrating the practical feasibility of this approach.
Interface-engineered hole doping in Sr2IrO4/LaNiO3 heterostructure
Authors: Wen Fangdi , Liu Xiaoran , Zhang Qinghua , Kareev M , Pal B , Cao Yanwei , Freeland J W , N’Diaye A T , Shafer P , Arenholz E , Gu Lin , Chakhalian J
Published: September 2019

The relativistic Mott insulator Sr2IrO4 driven by large spin–orbit interaction is known for the

J

eff

=
1

/

2

antiferromagnetic state which closely resembles the electronic structure of parent compounds of superconducting cuprates. Here, we report the realization of hole-doped Sr2IrO4 by means of interfacial charge transfer in Sr2IrO4/LaNiO3 heterostructures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on Ir 4f edge along with the x-ray absorption spectroscopy at Ni L
2 edge confirmed that 5d electrons from Ir sites are transferred onto Ni sites, leading to markedly electronic reconstruction at the interface. Although the Sr2IrO4/LaNiO3 heterostructure remains non-metallic, we reveal that the transport behavior is no longer described by the Mott variable range hopping mode, but by the Efros–Shklovskii model. These findings highlight a powerful utility of interfaces to realize emerging electronic states of the Ruddlesden–Popper phases of Ir-based oxides.
Does gravity have to be quantized? Lessons from non-relativistic toy models
Authors: Tilloy Antoine
Published: September 2019

It is often argued that gravity has to be a quantum theory simply because a fundamentally semiclassical approach would necessarily be inconsistent. Here I review recent Newtonian toy models of (stochastic) semiclassical gravity. They provide one option to implement a force semiclassically without getting into the known problems associated with mean-field. These models are not complete theories and should not be considered too seriously, but their consistency shows that semiclassical gravity is hard to dismiss on purely theoretical grounds.
Causal Fermion Systems: Discrete Space-Times, Causation and Finite Propagation Speed
Authors: Finster Felix
Published: September 2019

The theory of causal fermion systems is a recent approach to fundamental physics. Giving quantum mechanics, general relativity and quantum field theory as limiting cases, it is a candidate for a unified physical theory. The dynamics is described by a novel variational principle, the so-called causal action principle. The causal action principle does not rely on a presupposed space-time structure. Instead, it is a variational principle for space-time itself as well as for all structures in space-time (like particles, fields, etc.).

After a general motivation and introduction, we report on mathematical results for two-particle causal fermion systems which state that every minimizer describes a discrete space-time. We explain and make precise that on scales which are much larger than the scale of the microscopic space-time structures, the dynamics of a causal fermion system respects causality with a finite speed of propagation.
Quantum enhanced correlated interferometry for quantum gravity tests: the experimental set-up and the locking scheme
Authors: Pradyumna S. T. , Losero E. , Traina P. , Ruo-Berrchera I. , Degiovanni I. , Zucco M. , Genovese M.
Published: September 2019

The search for Planck scale scale effect is one of holy grails of physics. In Fermilab a double Michelson interferometer was built for this purpose: the holometer. In this proceedings we review our effort to build a quantum enhanced holometer.
Lorentz boosts of bispinor Bell-like states
Authors: Bittencourt Victor A. S. V. , Blasone Massimo
Published: September 2019

We describe in this paper the effects of Lorentz boost on the quantum entanglement encoded in two-particle Dirac bispinor Bell-like states. Each particle composing the system described in this formalism has three degrees of freedom: spin, chirality, and momentum, and the joint state can be interpreted as a 6 qubit state. Given the transformation law of bispinor under boosts, we compute the change of the Meyer-Wallach global measure of quantum entanglement due to the frame transformation and study its equivalence to the results obtained for the relativistic spin 1/2 Bell-like states, constructed in the framework of the irreducible representations of the Lorentz group. We verify that the monotonic increase of the global entanglement under boosts for ultra-relativistic states is solely due to an increasing of the entanglement associated with the spins subsystems. For such ultra-relativistic states, the entanglement related to the chirality degrees of freedom is invariant, and the variation of the global entanglement of bispinor states is the same as the one calculated for relativistic spin 1/2 states. We also show that the particle-particle entanglement is invariant under boosts for any Bell-like state.
Theory of Images and Quantum Mechanics, a common paradigm
Authors: Celeghini E
Published: September 2019

The Paradigms introduced in philosophy of science one century ago are shown to be quite more satisfactory of that introduced by Galileo. This is particularly evident in the physics based on Hilbert Spaces and related mathematical structures that we apply in this paper to Quantum Mechanics and to Theory of Images. An exhaustive discussion, that include the algebraic analysis of the operators acting on them, exhibits that the Hilbert Spaces-that have fixed dimension-must be generalized to the Rigged Hilbert Spaces that contain spaces with continuous and discrete dimensions. This is the property of Rigged Hilbert Spaces that allows a consistent formal description of the physics we are considering. Theory of Quantum Mechanics and of Images are similar and the fundamental difference between them comes from the definition of measure that is outside the theory of the spaces: while in Quantum Mechanics the measure is a probabilistic action, in Images it is a classical functional.
Features of spinning gravity in particle physics: supersymmetric core of the Kerr-Newman electron
Authors: Burinskii Alexander
Published: September 2019

The model of electron based on regularized Kerr-Newman solution shows that spinning gravity is consistently united with particle physics. Extremely high spin of the electron creates topological deformation of space on the Compton scale, and we show that supersymmetric Higgs model regularizes this space, forming a nonperturbative solution as the bag-like core of the regularized Kerr-Newman electron model. Conflict between gravity and quantum interior of the bag is eliminated by the domain wall boundary of the bag which interpolates between the external exact Kerr-Newman solution and the free from gravity superconducting interior of the bag, forming vacuum state necessary for action of the perturbative quantum theory. Similar to typical bag models, the Kerr-Newman bag is deformable and creates the controlled by gravity stringy structure.

We show that contrary to the widely-discussed confrontation, spinning gravity cooperates with quantum theory, playing fundamental role in the structure of the dressed electron.
New representations of Poincare group for consistent Relativistic Particle Theories
Authors: Nisticò Giuseppe
Published: September 2019

The class of representations of the Poincare group for the formulation of relativistic quantum theories of single particle is consistently extended. In so doing new species of such representations are singled out. By making use of the enlarged class quantum theories of Klein-Gordon free particle are formulated without the problems suffered by the early theory. Furthermore, new species of consistent theories can be developed.
Quantum statistics in Bohmian trajectory gravity
Authors: Andersen T C
Published: September 2019

The recent experimental proposals by Bose et al. and Marletto et al. (BMV) outline a way to test for the quantum nature of gravity by measuring gravitationally induced differential phase accumulation over the superposed paths of two ∼ 10−14
kg masses. These authors outline the expected outcome of these experiments for semi-classical, quantum gravity and collapse models. It is found that both semi-classical and collapse models predict a lack of entanglement in the experimental results. This work predicts the outcome of the BMV experiment in Bohmian trajectory gravity - where classical gravity is assumed to couple to the particle configuration in each Bohmian path, as opposed to semi-classical gravity where gravity couples to the expectation value of the wave function, or of quantized gravity, where the gravitational field is itself in a quantum superposition. In the case of the BMV experiment, Bohmian trajectory gravity predicts that there will be quantum entanglement. This is surprising as the gravitational field is treated classically. A discussion of how Bohmian trajectory gravity can induce quantum entanglement for a non superposed gravitational field is put forward.
Born rule and Schroedinger equation from first principles
Authors: Oeckl Robert
Published: September 2019

A concise review of the derivation of the Born rule and Schroedinger equation from first principles is provided. The starting point is a formalization of fundamental notions of measurement and composition, leading to a general framework for physical theories known as the positive formalism. Consecutively adding notions of spacetime, locality, absolute time and causality recovers the well established convex operational framework for classical and quantum theory. Requiring the partially ordered vector space of states to be an anti-lattice one obtains quantum theory in its standard formulation. This includes Born rule and Schroedinger equation.
Quantum field theory of axion-photon mixing and vacuum polarization
Authors: Capolupo Antonio
Published: September 2019

We report on recent results obtained by analyzing axion-photon mixing in the framework of quantum field theory. We obtain corrections to the oscillation formulae and we reveal a new effect of the vacuum polarization due to the non-zero value of the vacuum energy for the component of the photon polarization mixed with the axion. The study of axion-photon mixing in curved space is also presented. Numerical analysis show that some quantum field theory effect of axion-photon mixing, in principle, could be detected experimentally.
Matter-as-constrained-gravity quanta on multiple Rindler observer grounds
Authors: Mandrin P A
Published: September 2019

By considering matter as a constraint on the availability of gravitational degrees of freedom and accounting for the statistical interpretation of Rindler horizons, the freedom to construct quantum gravity theories reproducing General Relativity and Quantum Field Theory (QFT) as special cases is considerably reduced. On one hand, the mathematical structure of quantum gravity is restricted by the properties of Quantum Mechanics. On the other hand, one can predict a value for the fundamental quantum constant of gravity which is related to the Planck area via the Planck constant. These findings are compatible with spin-less particles of matter. In the context of canonical ensemble statistics, the von Neumann entropy concept is found to extend from matter to gravity. An important motivation and pillar for this development is the concept of multiple observer statistics and the total entropy perceived by Rindler observers with a particular spacing, which has a one-to-one correspondence to the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term.
Some algebraically solvable two-dimensional dynamical systems with polynomial interactions
Authors: Calogero Francesco , Payandeh Farrin
Published: September 2019

We tersely review a recently introduced technique to identify systems of two nonlinearly-coupled Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) solvable by algebraic operations; and we report some specific examples of this kind, namely systems of 2 first-order ODEs with polynomial right-hand sides,

satisfied by the 2 (possibly complex) dependent variables xn
= xn
(t). Here P(n)
(x
1, x
2) indicates some specific polynomial. These examples are analogous, but different, from those previously reported.
Geographical origin of Thai Hom Mali rice based on elemental and stable isotopic compositions
Authors: Srinuttrakul W , Permnamtip V
Published: September 2019

Thai Hom Mali rice is an economic crop of Thailand and well-known as a premium rice in the world trade. In this research, Thai Hom Mali rice samples were collected from the paddy fields in the northern and northeastern regions of Thailand for verifying the authenticity of rice origin. Multi-element and stable isotopic compositions in rice samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), respectively. A radar plot was applied to discriminate the origin of rice. Thai Hom Mali Rice from both regions had similar pattern of isotopic composition. The two regions clearly displayed different distribution of elemental patterns. Therefore, Thai Hom Mali rice can be differentiated from each region using multi-element combined with a radar plot.
Effects of gamma irradiation on antioxidant activities and chemical properties in Agaricus bisporus mushrooms
Authors: Pewlong W , Sajjabut S , Eamsiri J , Chookaew S , Kemthong K
Published: September 2019

Agaricus bisporus is easily perishable and subject to microbial contamination. The present study aspires to follow antioxidant activities and chemical changes of Agaricus bisporus after being exposed to gamma radiation. Powder samples were irradiated at 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 kGy. Subsequently, antioxidant activities, total protein content and total soluble polysaccharide content of irradiated samples were evaluated. Result showed that gamma irradiation up to 10 kGy did not significantly affect antioxidant activities. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity assay (DPPH) of non-irradiated and irradiated samples ranged from 2.07 ± 0.09 to 2.19 ± 0.14 mgAAE/g, whereas ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of irradiated samples varied from 32.74 ± 0.39 to 34.52 ± 1.45 μmol FeSO4/g. Total phenolic contents were between 7.24 ± 0.38 and 7.65 ± 0.53 mgGAE/g. In terms of chemical properties, gamma radiation at 10 kGy showed no significant differences in total protein content and total water soluble polysaccharide content. Total protein contents were found from 42.46 ± 0.28 to 43.18 ± 0.13 %w/w. Amount of total water soluble polysaccharide content in non-irradiated and irradiated samples varied from 5.49 ± 0.15 to 5.72 ± 0.14 %w/w.
Study of the factors influence on variation of Be-7 concentration in surface air at Osaka, Japan
Authors: Noithong P , Rittirong A , Hazama R
Published: September 2019

The concentration of 7Be in surface air and rainwater at Daito, Osaka (34.71 N, 135.64 E) has been measured during the period from January 8 to October 29, 2018 and April 1 to October 31, 2018, respectively. The weekly concentration of 7Be in surface air in the range of 8.92 ± 0.08 to 1.03 ± 0.02 mBq/m3 showing seasonal trend with maxima in spring and autumn and minima in summer, which can be ascribed to the transport of air masses from low latitudes carrying low 7Be concentration into the middle latitude region. The factors influences on the concentration of 7Be were examined. It was shown that the positive and negative correlation was found in PM2.5 (cc = 0.62) and relative humidity (cc = –0.57), respectively. The weak positive correlation was found in cosmic ray intensity (cc = 0.23), the weak negative correlation was found in precipitation (cc = –0.14) and sunspot number (cc = –0.05). The deposition rate was analyzed by using the rainwater samples. It shown negative correlation between deposition rate and precipitation (cc = –0.53). High volumes of precipitation can reduce the 7Be concentration of air by wash-out.
Evolution of rare earth elements, uranium and thorium in geological samples by ICP-OES and their characterization
Authors: Nuchdang S , Injarean U , Rattanaphra D
Published: September 2019

Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to determine rare earth elements, uranium and thorium in granitic soils and rock samples collected from Chumporn and Surat Thani provinces, the southern part of Thailand. The effect of digestion temperature (125 °C, 160 °C, 200 °C and 240 °C) on the concentration levels of elements was investigated. It was found that the digestion temperature of 160 °C had an efficient to leach out the elements to achieve the high concentration of elements for soil samples at different horizons such as O-A, A-B, B-C (1) and B-C(2). For rock sample (D horizon), the digestion temperature did not significantly affect to extract the elements. The results of the analytical study were also compared with the results determined by ICP-MS/OES as obtained from Department of Mineral Resources, Thailand (DMR). A good correlation between the determined values digested at 160 °C and the values measured by ICP-MS/OES as obtained from DMR were found for Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Y, Dy, Eu and Th. The SEM-EDS results demonstrated that the samples particles mainly consisted of Si, and Al with varying amount of Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Na and Ti. Quartz and albite were found to exist in all samples that were confirmed by XRD analysis.
Assessment of colorimetric reading out methods for radiochromic film and red radiation-sensitive poly-methylmethacrylate
Authors: Varapaskul T , Katemake P , Preda R I
Published: September 2019

This research is aimed to introduce and to compare 3 methods of reading out and analyzing light blue radiochromic film (BLF) dosimeter and red radiation-sensitive poly-methylmethacrylate (PMMA). The BLF and red radiation-sensitive PMMA act as a colour detector which its colour changes after being irradiated. These dosimeters are usually used in food irradiation for process control during irradiation process. The camera-based measurement in a constraint condition, scanner-based measurement with the Trichromatic Colour Analyser (TCA) software and spectrophotometer were used for obtaining colorimetric data of both dosimeters which were non-irradiated and irradiated in 5 doses: 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 kGy. There were strong linear relationships between doses, given to BLF, and lightness (CIE L*), chroma (CIE C*) and yellowness-blueness (CIE b*) for 3 methods. For red radiation-sensitive PMMA, strong linear relationships were found between doses and redness-greenness (CIE a*) as well as CIE C* in both TCA and spectrophotometer methods. The doses and CIE L* gave strong relationship only in the spectrophotometric method.
The shielding design of the radio frequency cavity in the storage ring of the Thailand synchrotron radiation light source
Authors: Juntong N , Ruangpoonwitthaya S , Srichun S , Sittisard K , Suradet N
Published: September 2019

The radio frequency (RF) cavity provides an electric field in direction of electron beam in the synchrotron radiation machine to accelerate electron beam or compensate electron beam energy loss. Thailand synchrotron radiation machine has installed a second RF systems in the straight ring since August 2016. The RF cavity of the system can provide a maximum accelerating voltage of 300 kV at its accelerating gap. During the commissioning of the cavity in August 2016, there was a high radiation detected outside the shielding wall of the storage ring. The local shielding was installed for the safe operation of RF cavity at 185 kV. There will be a new insertion device installed in storage ring during a machine shutdown period in August 2018. This insertion device requires an operation of the RF cavity higher than 185 kV, which increases the radiation. The new design of RF cavity local shielding will also be installed. The radiation from RF cavity was investigated and the local shielding was designed using Mote Carlo simulations. This paper presents a detailed investigation and design of a local shielding together with a radiation survey results after the installation of shielding.
Fuel burnup analysis and fuel management for TRIGA Mark III research reactor
Authors: Tiyapun K , Tippayakul C , Wetchagarun S
Published: September 2019

The fundamental advantage in using Monte Carlo methods for burnup calculations is to formulate an effective optimal fuel management strategy for the TRR-1/M1 research reactor. The core management study has been performed by utilizing the essentially parameters including multiplication factor, power peaking, neutron flux and burnup calculation based on the Monte Carlo calculation. The fuel element burnup was calculated after reshuffling the reactor core. The fuel cycle length and core parameters such as core excess reactivity, neutron flux, axial and radial power factors and other parameters are determined. The core excess reactivity was calculated as a function of burnup. The maximum excess reactivity shall not exceed 6.3% Δk/k. The maximum fuel temperature shall not exceed 930 °C during steady-state operation. Typically, a core loading operated with the maximum burnup between 100 to 200 MWD depending on the utilization requirements. The thermal neutron flux in the irradiation positions is within the order of 1011 - 1013 n/cm2-sec. The study gives valuable results into the behaviour of the TRR-1/M1 research reactor and will ensure optimized utilization and operation of the reactor during its life time. It will establish the strategic planning for fuel management in the reshuffling and reloading schemes patterns and its safe implementation in the future.
Effects of Zn(II) on hydrogen peroxide-induced corrosion of stainless steel
Authors: Makjan S , Boonsri P , Channuie J , Kanjana K
Published: September 2019

Zinc injection has been widely applied in nuclear industry for corrosion mitigation of nuclear materials. The corrosion resistance mechanism of zinc in the presence of the radiolytic oxidizing species is complex and has not been completely understood. Without such information it is not possible to improve the protocol. In the present study, zinc effects on corrosion of 304 SS exposed to H2O2 at 200-1000 ppb for 7 and 70 hrs were investigated at room temperature using a custom-made flow setup. XRF and SEM-EDX were used to examine the chemical composition and surface morphology of the specimens. The results indicated that pitting was the dominant form of corrosion found under the experimental conditions. Zinc ions tend to help mitigate corrosion of the material via playing a significant role in oxide formation on the steel surface.
Evaluation of influence of mining cracks on reservoir leakage
Authors: Yutao Wang
Published: September 2019

Combined with the engineering geological conditions and the goaf occurrence of Hongyanhe Reservoir in Binzhou City, the distribution characteristics of the fissure zone in the edge of goaf were explored by field test. The influence of mining fissure on reservoir seepage were evaluated on the basis of analyzing the influence of mining fissure on rock mass integrity and seepage. The evaluation results show that the maximum leakage caused by goaf is 1004.41m3/d, which accounts for 0.87% of the designed annual runoff. As time goes on, the goaf will gradually become stable, and the leakage will decrease little by little over time. In view of the impact on coal mine production safety, it is suggested to strengthen monitoring and early warning.
Three-dimensional Visualization of Expansive Soil Channel Slope Monitoring in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project
Authors: MinZheng  , RuiMa  , ZuqiangLiu
Published: September 2019

The deformation of expansive soil canal slope in the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is obvious under the action of dry-wet cycles such as atmospheric rainfall and evaporation. By means of three-dimensional visualization, the deformation trend and characteristics of canal slope in three-dimensional on-line can provide more intuitive and clear basis for the stability evaluation and rapid disposal of canal slope. Based on the self-developed three-dimensional geographic information platform -3D GIS-Ark, this paper studies the three-dimensional visualization expression method of channel and safety monitoring information in the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, and realizes the three-dimensional model of Nanyang Expansive Soil Canal section, the visualization expression and early warning of monitoring equipment management and section monitoring information. The three-dimensional visualization results studied in this paper can provide visual decision support for engineering safety analysis, intelligent evaluation and early warning, and have significant application value in the field of engineering safety monitoring.
Optimization of Land-Saving Underground Pump Station Combining Computational Fluid Dynamics and Physical Model Experiment
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Wang Ruhua
Published: September 2019

Combining 3D CFD numerical simulation and physical model experiment is applied in underground pump station for saving land and energy. The pump station’s overall structure is targeted at a large analysis area. Hydraulic rectifications such as diversion plate and distribution hole are confirmed for better hydraulic conditions and distributing uniformity evidently. Based on comparing project schemes and optimal design, land is approximately saved half and head loss is reduced about fifty eight percent.
Construction technology of spherical keyway formwork with c antilever for high arch dam
Authors: Mei-rong Zhou , Xue-mei Zhang
Published: September 2019

High arch dam is a special and complex structure, which requires high quality of concrete pouring surface. This paper puts forward the structure system of the special cantilever spherical keyway formwork for high arch dam, through the reasonable setting and construction control of keyway panel system, support system, connecting parts and anchorage parts, the research results show that the construction quality of the special cantilever spherical keyway formwork system for high arch dam can be effectively controlled.
Study on division of groundwater function zones in Pingtan Island
Authors: Huo Yun , Li Yuxi , Li Wanglin , Zhang Chunhui , PanlinLi
Published: September 2019

Based on the topography, geomorphology, groundwater exploitation and other hydrogeological data of Pintan Island, the study area was divided into three levels and basic evaluation units were divided. According to the zoning principle of Technical Outline of Groundwater Function Zoning in China, and through the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS, the zoning index data was spatialized and the overlay analysis was carried out. The study area was divided into three types of first-level function zones and eight types of second-level function zones. Moreover, the groundwater function zones map of the study area was drawn. Relevant results can provide reference and basis for relevant departments to develop, utilize and protect groundwater.
Factors Affecting Bio-cemented Typical Silt from Middle and Lower Reaches of Yellow River
Authors: Zhao Yang , Ge Fei , Yang Yongxiang
Published: September 2019

Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) technique takes advantage of the metabolic process of bacteria bonding soil particles together with an environmentally-friendly and sustainable manner. In this study, the silt from reaches of Yellow River was used for bio-grouting. The effects of temperature, pH, inoculum size and revolving speed on urease activity were studied by single factor method for Sporosarcina pasteurii. Moreover, the effects of different nutrient concentrations on the stabilization for the typical silt were evaluated. Highest urease activity could be obtained under temperature of 32 °C, inoculum size of 5%, pH of 8 and speed of 180 r/min. Besides, higher concentration of calcium salt could generate more calcium carbonate effectively, and calcium carbonate content can reach to 261mg/g with uniaxial compressive strength of 1.7 MPa.
Application of GNSS displacement monitoring system in measurement of open sea structure
Authors: Cao Yongyong , Guan Yunfei , Li Chengchao , Hou Heyin
Published: September 2019

With the development of deep water port and marine engineering, more and more marine structures are located in open sea area. The measurement development of open sea area structure is restricted by abominable marine environment, no control point and difficult data transmission. Combined with the deep water offshore bucket-based breakwater, the displacement measurement technology of open sea structure is studied. The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is built to realize real-time monitoring of bucket structure displacement. Different monitoring schemes are formulated based on the characteristics and precision of the structure in the sea conveyance floating stage, installation stage or operation stage. It is found that displacement in the structure along the axis of the breakwater is less than that perpendicular to the axis by monitoring data, and the displacement laws of horizontal displacement and settlement in each stage of the structure are obtained. It has very important guiding significance for the structure construction and post-construction stability control in open sea area.
Some Thoughts on the Establishment of Water-saving Society at County Level in Haining City
Authors: Chen Caiming , Sun Yi
Published: September 2019

Since Haining was listed in the first batch of counties in Zhejiang Province to build water-saving society up to the national standards, water-saving work has been carried out in all directions and from many angles, and remarkable results have been achieved. During the construction of water-saving society at County level, a series of measures such as strengthening organization and leadership, improving water resources management system, increasing investment and expanding propaganda have achieved remarkable results in water resources protection and conservation, and successfully passed the acceptance of the first batch of national water-saving society at county level organized by Zhejiang Water Resources Department. Through summing up experience, it can provide reference for the construction of water-saving society in similar areas.
Research on Digital Control and Feedback System for High Slope Excavation of Hydropower Station
Authors: Hu Chao , Chen Yuanyuan , Xu Sheng , Chen Tingcai
Published: September 2019

In view of the quality analysis and evaluation of high slope excavation in hydropower project, this study uses 3D laser scanning to quickly obtain the image of the excavation surface. According to the characteristics of point cloud data and slope quality evaluation indicators, the quality of excavation from multi-dimensional, the evaluation and establishment of the excavation quality feedback control system based on the construction period is established. Finally, the digital construction and control system for high slope excavation of hydropower station is developed. The engineering application proves that the method and system established in this paper can effectively improve the slope. The efficiency and precision of excavation quality control provide effective support for the scientific and refined management of slope excavation.
Study on the control effect of two different forms of side suction hoods on pollutants
Authors: Xiong Han , Peng Xiaoyong , Li Yu , Chen LiYuan
Published: September 2019

A suitable exhaust hood form has a great influence on the control effect of pollutants. This paper uses CFD technology to numerically simulate the airflow distribution characteristics and pollutant concentration distribution characteristics of the side hood before and after improvement. The results show that: (1) The airflow of the improved side suction hood is introduced from the front of hood to make the fresh air pass through the breathing area first and then takes away the hazardous substances, which is beneficial to the breathing health of workers. (2) When the exhaust velocity (V) is more than 3.5m/s, with the increase of the exhaust velocity, the concentration hazardous substances at each control point of the two forms of exhaust hood tends to be stable gradually. (3) When the exhaust velocity is less than 3.5m/s, the control effect of side suction hood with baffle is better than that without baffle, and the percentage of hazardous substances concentration at the same control point can be reduced by 12%-29%, or even higher.
Analysis of Deformation Characteristics of Expansive Soil Embankment under Extreme Atmospheric Action
Authors: Xiongwei Li , Baochun Zhou , Liang He , Jianqun Zhu
Published: September 2019

By setting extreme boundary conditions, the working behaviour of expansive soil embankment under atmospheric action is analyzed. The embankment is subjected to continuous rainstorm for 6 days after 3 months evaporation under hot weather. On the basis of fracture description, the deformation process considering infiltration is calculated. The deformation of embankment treated with lime-soil and without lime-soil is compared, and the influence of different water levels is taken into account. The results show that expansive soil embankment will produce large deformation in evaporation and rainfall environment. When expansive soil embankment is treated with lime-soil enclosure, the deformation becomes small. This treating method can effectively reduce the influence of extreme environment, and ensure the deformation of embankment stably.
Analysis of Excavation Method and Transformation of Construction Method for Highway Tunnel
Authors: Nie Yuwen , Guo Hongyan , Cui Xiangyang , Li Ke Li , Ding Hao
Published: September 2019

The geological conditions of tunnel entrance section are complex, and the hazards of landslide and collapse are easy to occur, which makes the selection of construction methods of tunnel entrance section particularly important before tunnel construction. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the transformation of construction methods between tunnel body section and tunnel entrance section for the safety construction of tunnel entrance section. Taking a tunnel of Meida Expressway as an example, the geological characteristics of the tunnel body and the tunnel entrance section of Meida Expressway are analyzed. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the construction period, safety and advantages and disadvantages of the construction method, the CD method is adopted to construct the tunnel outlet section. Through numerical simulation of tunnel body and outlet section, it is concluded that CD method is superior to bench method in tunnel body section, and can ensure construction safety; and the steps of conversion from bench method to CD method are summarized. Finally, through monitoring and measuring the surrounding rock and surface deformation near transition section, it is concluded that the maximum cumulative deformation at vault top is 78.6 mm, and the maximum cumulative deformation at surface is 94.6 mm, which meets the requirements of specifications and ensures the safety of the tunnel entrance. Therefore, reasonable transformation of tunnel construction method can ensure construction safety, at the same time, it can also speed up construction progress and save funds.