bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management Skill Development of Academic Institutional Heads in Bangladesh: A Conceptual Study on Henri Fayol’s Management Principles
Authors: Ali Idris , Nayan Fatima Kanis , Sarker Md Atiqur Rahman , Rahman Kadery Md Tahmidur , Firmansah Yayan
Published: June 2021

This study investigates the managerial problems faced by the institutional heads in the area of educational management in Bangladesh. The aim of this article is to recognize the key influences, challenges and barriers of the organizational heads in the education management sectors and to pursue the adequate solution of those complications, which are the strong barriers to achieving the organizational objectives in the field of educational management. For this research, qualitative descriptive methodology was employed to collect secondary data from different authentic sources. In Bangladesh, organizational leaders in education sector face numerous challenges and difficulties in carrying out their managerial activities in the field of educational management. In terms of administrative abilities, they have immense gaps and deficiencies in conducting their respective actions and obligations in the educational institution, such as managing the institutes with supervision, control, assessment, motivation and effective utilization of resources. This study is critically reviewing the Henri Fayol’s 14 principles for application into educational management. This study also recommends Henri Fayol’s principles for developing management skills of academic institutional heads.
Quality-differentiated Auditors, Block-holders and Monitoring Mechanisms
Authors: Arowolo Rachael Oluyemisi , Che Ahmad Ayoib
Published: June 2021

Many companies are closing down after the global economic melt-down of 2008 that involved ERON. The biggest problem for such business failures as identified by practitioners and academicians is information asymmetry existing in the relationship of the managements with the shareholders. This study seeks to investigate how monitoring mechanisms influence the block-holders in 111 Nigerian non-financial listed companies to resolve this problem. The study also investigates the mediating effect of the quality-differentiated auditors on the relationship between block-holders and monitoring mechanisms. The investigation adopted quantitative analysis using Stata to test related hypotheses. The findings indicate that the block-holders significantly influence monitoring mechanisms. The results also reveal that quality-differentiated auditors positively affect monitoring mechanisms and that it significantly explains the relationship between block-holders and monitoring mechanisms. Thus, this paper adds to knowledge on the subject of monitoring mechanisms and its scopes (directorship, internal and external auditing). These findings have policy implications for the board of directors to execute their monitoring responsibilities and guide them in external audit type selection. The findings also provide policy suggestions for both the internal and external auditors. The results can also be beneficial for the regulatory agencies and government to further review the guidelines for corporate governance. The paper adds to knowledge in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially, Nigeria by examining a mediating effect to expose the relationship between block-holders and monitoring mechanisms, which are not clear or exist in the previous studies.
Firm Performance, Ownership Structure, and CEO Selection
Authors: Abdullahi Yahya Uthman , Ishak Rokiah , Sawandi Norfaiezah
Published: June 2021

This paper attempts to examine the effect of ownership structures, corporate performance and board political connectedness on CEO selection. The sample of the study is all Nigerian non-financial firms from the year 2011 to 2015 consisting of 72 CEO selection events. This study uses logistic regression analysis to provide evidence that firms dominated with blockholder ownership favour external successors while managerial ownership-controlled firms are inclined to select internal candidates as successors. However, this study fails to support the argument that corporate performance and board political connectedness do influence the choice of CEO selection in the Nigerian public listed companies. In sum, the findings suggest that blockholders and managerial ownership significantly influence the choice of the origin of the successor CEOs in the Nigerian corporate landscape. This paper enriches the literature about CEO selection choices in developing economies with weak corporate governance structure like Nigeria. In addition, the findings from this study could be of immense benefit to the shareholders and corporate board members in making a decision on recruiting their CEOs; and the regulatory agencies in the formulation and enforcement of reforms that guarantee good corporate practices by the boards.
Working Capital Management and Firm Performance
Authors: Simon Sunday , Sawandi Norfaiezah , Abdul-Hamid Mohamad Ali
Published: June 2021

This study examines the relationship between working capital management (WCM) and firm performance during and after the financial crisis of 2007-2008 in Nigeria. During the crisis, lending conditions were deeply affected, and financing operations became challenging for firms. Although research findings on the causes and effects of the crisis on the economy are known, what remains unknown is whether the financial crisis had a significant impact on WCM performance. This knowledge is essential for developing resilience to withstand a possible crisis in the future because vulnerability remains high as a result of the deepened integration of many economies. Thus, this study addresses this issue using a sample of 675 firm-year observations from listed firms on the Nigerian stock exchange for the period from 2007 to 2015. The differences between the two periods, the crisis period and then after the crisis period, is operationalised through two analyses. First, OLS regression analysis was conducted to determine the explanatory powers of WCM for the two periods via their R2s. Second, a test of difference using the Cramer Z-statistic for the two periods was conducted. The findings indicate that WCM variables have more explanatory power (R2) in the period after the crisis than during the crisis. Also, the results revealed that the Z-scores are significant, implying that a significant difference existed between the two periods. This means that WCM was affected during the financial crisis and led to low profitability, whereas, during the after-crisis period, WCM associates with higher profitability.
Financial Performance Measurement of a Commercial Bank: A Case of Bank of China Hongkong
Authors: Jeyaraj Sonai Singaram , Sumanthi M
Published: June 2021

This study focuses on measuring the financial performance of Bank of China's profitability, solvency, and liquidity using secondary data for the period from 2008 to 2017. Various techniques such as horizontal, vertical, and ratio analysis are employed to measure financial performance. Statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation, and co-efficiency of variation measure financial data to emphasize the comparative and relative importance of presentation. The study reveals that BOC's horizontal and vertical analysis indicates a variable growth rate of percentage and amount of HK$ due to external and internal operating environmental factors. Ratio analysis reveals that the BOC was conducted in a rational and normal way except 2008, 2012, 2013, and 2015 due to the Lehman brothers' mini-bond issue, Global financial crisis, Backdrop of shrinking international trade, extreme movements in commodity prices (oil prices) and frequent swings in financial markets. Based on the findings, BOC formulates the policies to overcome the factors that would help the investors identify the banking sector's nature and assist in making their investment.
Seni dan Kurasi di Perguruan Tinggi Seni
Authors: Supangkat Jim
Published: June 2021

Seni dan Kurasi di Perguruan Tinggi Seni
Wayang Kampung Sebelah: sebagai Media Komunikasi Nilai Kehidupan Bermasyarakat
Authors: Suryanto Hari
Published: June 2021

Wayang Kampung Sebelah adalah kelompok yang mengusung pertunjukan dengan menggunakan media wayang yang sudah dikreasi menjadi bentuk wayang baru. Kelompok ini mengusung tema-tema sosial dalam setiap garapannya. Tema tersebut membuat Wayang Kampung Sebelah mendapat perhatian dari para penontonya, masyarakat seperti melihat kondisi mereka sendiri dalam pergelaran wayang yang dihadirkan. Observasi mendalam digunakan untuk menggali data audio, visual serta tulisan. Wayang Kampung Sebelah sebuah media untuk menguatkan nilai kemanusiaan melalui pertunjukan wayang
Membaca Ruang Film Kodrat
Authors: Gunawan Eric
Published: June 2021

Tulisan ini membahas on-screen-space (ruang film) pada film Kodrat (1986) karya Ki Slamet Rahardjo Djarot. Teori keharmonisan organik yang diusung oleh Sergei Eisenstein dijadikan dasar teori. Menurutnya keharmonisan organik sebuah film terbentuk karena adanya interaksi antara strategi naratif dan strategi visual. Titik tolak pembahasan adalah sekuen akhir Kodrat khususnya scene pemberian nama Mustakim oleh tokoh Kodrat untuk putranya. Pada scene ini interaksi strategi naratif dengan strategi visual mengungkap lapisan-lapisan latar penyusun ruang film baik sebagai scene mandiri maupun keseluruhan film sebagai kesatuan. Strategi naratif Kodrat menggemakan perjalanan spiritual Raden Wrêkudara menemukan Tirta Prawitrasari seperti tertulis dalam lontar Sanghyang Nawaruci yang berbahasa Kawi Akhir dan nuansa Jawa Buda.
Para Agen Perubahan dalam Seni Tari
Authors: Kusumastuti Siti
Published: June 2021

Tulisan ini membahas dinamika perkembangan seni tari semenjak berdirinya Taman Ismail Marzuki (IKJ), Dewan Kersenian Jakarta (DKJ), dan Lembaga Pendidikan Kesenian Jakarta (LPKJ) yang kemudian berganti nama menjadi Institut Kesenian Jakarta (IKJ). Para seniman tari pada masa itu, berperan besar dalam mendidik seniman-seniman muda, berikut pula melalui terobsosan yang inovatif, sehingga mampu mengembangkan wajah Seni Pertunjukan Indonesia hingga seperti sekarang. Pembahasan di dalamnya akan dihubungkan dengan aliran seni kontemporer, postmodern, dan konsep “agen perubahan” dalam teori kebudayaan strukturalisme.
Sosok Romo Mangun: Inspirasi-Inspirasi & Karyanya
Authors: Sutrisno SJ. Mudji
Published: June 2021

Romo Mangunwijaya memiliki cara pandang dan berpikirnya sendiri dalam membuat desain arsitektural. Cara Pandang dan pemikirannya tersebut, terbentuk melalui proses yang sangat panjang, dan dapat dilihat pula dalam cara beliau bersikap serta menjalani kehidupan sehari hari. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk membahas kedua hal tersebut, dan bagaimana kedua hal itulah yang akhirnya membuat kita bisa memandang sebuah kearifan arsitektural, yang menjadi ciri khas beliau.
Konsep Brechtian: Seni Sebagai Alat Penyadaran
Authors: Syahmadan Siagian Alfian
Published: June 2021

Tulisan ini membahas mengenai seni reproduksi sebagai alat penyadaran dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Seni yang mengavant-garde telah mewujud menjadi sesuatu yang adi luhung dan tidak terjangkau. Sementara seni yang reproduksional sifatnya hadir sebagai alat penciptaan kesadaran palsu yang lebih mengedepankan keterlibatan emosi. Diskusi ini akan memperlihatkan bahwa teks dan performasi yang digagas oleh Bertolt Brecht tidak hanya bermanfaat untuk kepentingan kajian performasi dan kajian teks drama melainkan juga bermanfaat untuk menganalisis drama atau teater sosial yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat Indonesia dewasa ini. Konsep brechtian yang dibahas di sini adalah konsep yang menggagas bahwa seluruh apparatus pertunjukan, termasuk penonton dituntut untuk berjarak. Konsep inilah yang oleh masyarakat luas dikenal sebagai verfremdungseffekt. Verfremdungseffekt sendiri dapat dimaknai sebagai keterasingan, keberjarakan, atau alienasi. Seluruh apparatus pertunjukan diharapkan “tidak terlibat” secara emosional dengan apa yang terjadi di atas panggung. Luaran yang diharapkan adalah penonton-penonton yang kritis yang akan merenungkan hasil tontonan mereka untuk kemudian menggagas sebuah perubahan sosial, politik, ekonomi dan budaya.
Mencari Ruang Alternatif Produksi Pengetahuan dari Krisis Antropologi Kegiatan Berpengetahuan
Authors: Permanadeli Risa
Published: June 2021

Sistem pendidikan di Indonesia, telah melalui sebuah proses yang amat panjang. Proses itu dipengaruhi oleh sejarah Bangsa ini, yang menyebabkan munculnya mitos-mitos tentang pendidikan, superioritas Barat-Timur, hegemoni pengetahuan Barat yang dianggap lebih maju, dan lain-lain. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk mengupas hal-hal tersebut, dan pada akhirnya menyoroti posisi pendidikan seni terhadap situasi tersebut.
Psychotherapists’ altered states of consciousness
Authors: Agnew Colin
Published: June 2021

The majority of research that has been conducted around counselling and psychotherapy has been directed towards the evaluation of client outcome and client experience. Studies concentrated solely on therapist experience during the therapeutic encounter are largely in the minority. The purpose of this study was to explicate a deeper understanding of the unusual and unforgettable events that led to dramatic shifts in consciousness experienced by some counsellors and psychotherapists during the therapeutic hour. A study group of six participants was assembled via open invitation. The group comprised of three student counsellors nearing the end of their studies and three qualified therapists of varying degrees of experience. A semi-structured interview process provided transcriptions of the participant experiences, and an interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted. This study found that the willingness to be open to the presence and essence of another, on both sides of the therapeutic dyad, had the potential to contribute to the intense, powerful and profound experiences arising in the therapist. In all cases, the unusual events and altered states led to the deepening of the healing potential within the therapy whilst simultaneously providing developmental propulsion for each practitioner.
It’s pronounced “EE-lick”: Milo Ellik, veteran, urologist, and inventor of the evacuator that bears his name
Authors: Matluck Nicole
Published: June 2021

Objectives The Ellik Evacuator is a commonly used tool in transurethral endoscopic surgery and a standard of care for the rapid removal from the bladder of resected tumor fragments, prostatic chips, or blood. Little is known, however, about the inventor of the Ellik evacuator, his urologic contributions, and how the evacuator came to be. Methods We contacted surviving descendants of Dr. Milo Ellik, and conducted interviews as part of an oral history project. Original medical equipment and personal belongings, provided by the family of Dr. Ellik, were analysed. Secondary source materials included published urologic articles and unpublished biographic information. Results Milo Ellik was born in Chicago in 1905 but was orphaned and put himself through college. He graduated from the University of Iowa with an MD in 1932 and began residency under Nathan Alcock. Ellik conceived of the evacuator that bears his name as a resident, visiting the glass-blowing facility at the Iowa University Hospital to construct the prototype. He published the results in a 1937 issue of the Journal of Urology but did not obtain a patent which was eventually procured by Bard in 1940. Conclusions Milo Ellik designed a major innovation in transurethral surgery as a resident in urology by constructing the first glass evacuator that bears his name. The Ellik family donated a large quantity of Dr. Ellik’s inventions to the AUA’s Didusch Museum for permanent storage and study.
Sentiment analysis and predictors of optimism: The AUA Presidential addresses, 1902-2019
Authors: Saji Akhil
Published: June 2021

Objectives The annual addresses of the President of the American Urological Association (AUA) may articulate and reflect the contemporary goals, values, and concerns of contemporary AUA membership. There is no organized archive of such addresses. We aimed to create a searchable database of all AUA Presidents and their addresses to determine variables associated with speech sentiment including positivity, negativity, and emotional tone through the 117 years of the AUA’s history. Methods We queried AUA archives, journals, recorded tape, and personal records, to create a database of all existing AUA Presidential addresses and biographic data. We applied natural language processing and machine learning techniques to evaluate the addresses for overall sentiment with validation using analog analyses (i.e reading and annotation). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify significant predictors of Presidential address sentiment. Results Between 1902-2019, a total of 113 AUA meetings were held. A total of 85 of 113 (75.22%) presidential addresses were transcribed and archived in the database representing 254,124 words by male presidents with a median (IQR) age of 61.43 (53.1-66.5) years. AUA Presidents during the second half of the history of the AUA (1960-2019) were significantly older at time of inauguration and gave more positive speeches in the active voice than presidents during the first half (1902-1959) (p < .05). The only significant independent predictor of the degree of positivity in an AUA President’s annual address was speaker age (95% CI 1.007-1.119). Conclusions We created the first digital, searchable database of all AUA Presidential speeches from 1902-2019 and aim to add additional addresses prospectively. Artificial intelligence analyses mirrored the findings of human reading and demonstrated that from 1902-2019 AUA Presidential addresses became more positive and optimistic with increasing speaker age but without consistent predictors of a speech’s emotional or factual content.
新比較教育學：理論與研究
Authors: 沈姍姍 沈姍姍 , 洪雯柔 洪雯柔
Published: June 2021

本書邀集國內各大學重要國際教育與比較教育研究專家學者撰寫此書，介紹國內以往較少提及、但具有國際影響力或有比較教育研究之獨特觀點的學者。

國內比較教育相關書籍對於比較教育學者的介紹多以1980年代以前的學者為主，對於新進學者或學者們後期發展的介紹較少深入介紹與分析。而面對快速變異的全球化世界，比較教育學者們持續精進提出的比較教育觀點與方法論有助於探究新變局，因此特別匯集學者們為文介紹。

本書分成兩篇，第一篇著重於單一學者觀點的介紹，涵蓋F. Schneider、A. M. Kazamias、G. P. Kelly、R. G. Paulston、R. Cowen與M. Carnoy；第二篇則著重於特定論點或議題的探究，第七章著重於討論質化與量化研究之爭，M.Crossley與P. M. Broadfoot提出了兼容兩種取向的比較與國際教育方法論；第八章則以全民教育為題，承襲了比較教育研究中有關國際組織教育方案的興趣，探究K. King和A. Little的觀點比較與評析。此外，更以前言論述比較教育研究的國際趨勢並以其反思而展望新比較教育學，並以總論綜述本書各章的核心概念並耙梳其理路。
 主編簡介 沈姍姍
現職：
國立清華大學教育與學習科技學系教授、中華民國比較教育學會第38、39屆理事、臺灣教育社會學學會理事

學歷：英國倫敦大學國際比較教育博士

研究專長：比較教育、教育社會學、教育概論、教育社會學新興議題研究
  洪雯柔
現職：
國立暨南國際大學國際文教與比較教育學系教授、中華民國比較教育學會第38、39屆理事、《臺灣教育社會學研究》編輯委員

學歷：國立暨南國際大學比較教育研究所博士

研究專長：
比較教育理論與方法論（質化研究）、多元文化教育（原住民教育）、全球化與本土化研究、紐西蘭教育
  作者 李奉儒、沈姍姍、洪雯柔、黃柏叡、鄭以萱、謝斐敦、鍾宜興
Rand on the Atonement A Critique
Authors: Wollen Amos
Published: June 2021

In March 1964, Ayn Rand sat down for an interview with Playboy. In it, Rand argued that Christ's atoning sacrifice—if it happened—was morally wrong. The author contends that Rand made a bad argument. Depending on how her words are interpreted, Rand's argument for the immorality of Christ's atonement was based on (a) at least one false premise or (b) a “bait-and-switch” fallacy. Either way, the argument fails and should be abandoned.
James Joyce and the Modern Scots
Authors: Loukopoulou Eleni
Published: June 2021

The essay examines the literary networks and historical contexts surrounding the reception of James Joyce's work in Scotland. In October 1931, the preeminent Scottish journal The Modern Scot (1930–36), “The Organ of the Scottish Renaissance,” as its subtitle proclaimed, published a crucial assessment of Joyce's oeuvre that placed his work within the contexts of Scottish cultural nationalism. Joyce's Scottish reception is important because of the consistencies and exchanges between Scottish and Irish independence movements, their cultural politics, and their vexed relationship towards England's central role in the British Empire.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Prestasi Belajar Fisika Siswa SMP
Authors: Wahidah Wahidah
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan prestasi belajar fisika siswa kelas VIII B SMPN 4 Tanjung pada materi energi melalui penerapan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw dalam proses belajar mengajar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam 2 siklus. Tiap siklus terdiri dari beberapa tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan evaluasi serta refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi dan tes. Pada siklus I nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 61,75 dengan persentase ketuntasan 50% dan aktivitas belajar siswa sebesar 19,53 yang tergolong cukup aktif. Sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 73,97% dengan persentase ketuntasan 87,32%, dan aktivitas belajar siswa sebesar 26,53 yang tergolong aktif. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan prestasi belajar fisika siswa kelas VIII B SMPN 4 Tanjung tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.
Pengaruh Metode Pengeringan Simplisia Daun Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamk) Varietas Antin 3 Terhadap Kadar Abu Ekstrak
Authors: Dipahayu Damaranie , Arifiyana Djamilah
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKEkstrak daun ubi jalar ungu ( Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamk Varietas Antin 3 mengandung flavonoid yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku sediaan tabir surya. Sediaan tabir surya penting untuk digunakan karena dapat melindungi kulit dari paparan radiasi sinar UV A dan UV B dari sinar matahari yang dapat merusak kulit dan memicu terjadinya penuaan dini pada kulit. Agar dapat menjadi bahan baku yang terukur efektifitas dan keamanannya maka diperlukan standarisasi ekstrak, salah satunya standarisasi non spesifik kadar abu. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membandingkan kadar abu ekstrak daun yang dikeringkan secara freeze drying dan oven, karena keduanya terbukti mengandung kadar flavonoid yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada ekstrak daun Antin 3 yang dikeringkan secara freeze drying suhu -45 0C selama 48 jam dan oven suhu 400C selama 24 jam memiliki kadar abu total adalah 6.9 % dan 7.3 % sedangkan kadar abu tidak larut asam adalah1.6 % dan 0.9 %.Kata kunci: Ekstrak daun Antin 3, freeze drying, oven, kadar abu total, kadar abu tidak larut asam ABSTRACTEthanolic extract of purple sweetpotatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamk Antin 3 variety contain flavonoids. Flavonoids has sunscreen effectivity. Antin 3 extract need to be standardized, in order to be a raw material ofsunscreen. Nonspecific standardization can measures the effectiveness and safety of the extract. Sunscreen can protect the skin harmfull effect of UV A and UV B radiation from sunlight. The study aims to provide data the effect of Antin 3 leaf drying method dried freeze (-45 0C) during 48 hours and oven (40 0C) during 24 hours on its ash content. This study finds that freeze dried Antin 3 leaf have total ash content and insoluable acid ash content respectively is 6.9 % and 7.3 %, while oven Antin 3 leaf respectively is 1.6 % and 0.9 %.Keywords: Antin 3 leaf extract, freeze dried, oven, total ash content, insoluable acid ash content.
Analisis Kandungan Logam Timbal pada Sediaan Kosmetik Bedak yang Beredar di Pasar Pengampon Surabaya
Authors: Arifiyana Djamilah , . Ermayulis
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKBedak merupakan salah satu sediaan kosmetik yang banyak dimiliki masyarakat dan merupakan kosmetik dasaratau lumrah dimiliki oleh wanita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan logam berat timbal dalam produk kosmetik bedak yang beredar di pasar Pengampon Surabaya. Sampel yang digunakan dipreparasi dengan destruksi basah menggunakan aqua regia. Dari kelima sampel bedak, secara keseluruhan sampel mengandung logam timbal, dan tiga diantara melebihi batas yang telah ditetapkan oleh BPOM RI (20 mg/kg). Sampel dengan kode BD1, BD2 dan BD5 dengan nilai cemaran timbal masing-masing sebesar 27,2746 mg/kg; 21,0297 mg/kg; dan 24,2015 mg/kg.Kata kunci: Logam berat, Timbal, Bedak, Aqua Regia, Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA)ABSTRACTPowder is one of the many cosmetic preparations and cosmetic standard or commonly owned by women. This study aims to analyze the content of lead heavy metals in powder cosmetic products circulating in Pengampon market Surabaya. The sample used was prepared by wet destruction using aqua regia. From five powder samples, the overall sample contained lead metal, of which three outweighed the limits set by the BPOM RI (20 mg/kg). Samples coded BD1, BD2 and BD5 had lead contamination values of 27,2746 mg/kg; 21,0297 mg/kg; and 24,2015 mg/kg, respectively.Key Words: Trace metal, Lead, Powder, Aqua Regia, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS)
Efektivitas Penggunaan Oral Antidiabetes Kombinasi Glimepiride Dengan Pioglitazone Pada Pasien Dibetes Mellitus Tipe 2
Authors: Mas Ulfa Ninik , Arfiana Nabila
Published: June 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of chronic metabolic syndrome from carbohydrates, lipids and fats resulting from the deficiency of insulin in the body so that it can cause hyperglycemia. Oral Antidiabetic and Insulin is pharmacological therapy that can control blood sugar levels. This study aims to observe the effectiveness of Glimepiride combination therapy with Pioglitazone in type 2 DM patients with fasting blood Glucose and blood Glucose 2 hour post prandial parameters compared to pre and post values. This research method is observational with retrospective data collection and data analyzed descriptively. The sample size was 30 type 2 DM patients who received therapy after 6 months. The results showed that there were significant differences between the value of  fasting blood Glucose pre and fasting blood Glucose post and blood Glucose 2 hour post prandial pre and blood Glucose 2 hour post from statistical analysis using paired t-test, with a value of α = 0.00 smaller than α = 0.05. This shows that the combination of Glimepiride with Pioglitazone is effective in blood glucose control in type 2 DM patients.

Keywords: Dibetes Mellitus, Oral Antidiabetic, Glimepiride, Piogliatzone
Kandungan Senyawa Kimia Daun Waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus) di Kawasan Lingkar Timur Sidoarjo
Authors: Surahmaida  , Rachmawati Amelinda , Handayani Elia
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan senyawa kimia yang terkandung dalam daun waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus) yang diekstrak menggunakan dua pelarut yang berbeda (metanol dan etanol 96%). Metode penelitian ini meliputi ekstraksi secara maserasi dan uji skrining senyawa kimia menggunakan reagen kimia. Didapatkan hasil bahwa daun jarak pagar yang diekstrak menggunakan pelarut metanol dan etanol 96% mengandung senyawa alkaloid, tannin, saponin, dan flavonoid. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa kimia yang terkandung dalam daun waru relevan bagi kesehatan manusia.
PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN REMAJA TENTANG PENYAKIT MENULAR SEKSUAL
Authors: Zainuddin Suprianto , Risnah Risnah , Irwan Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Pendahuluan: Masa remaja yang menjadi salah satu fase dalam kehidupan manusia, merupakan masa yang dianggap rawan dalam kehidupan. Sebuah masa peralihan dari kehidupan anak menjadi kehidupan dewasa yang tentunya perlu memperoleh informasi pengetahuan yang baik salah satunya tentang penyakit menular seksual. Masa ini memerlukan perhatian serius karena mereka masih termasuk dalam usia sekolah dan mereka akan memasuki umur reproduksi yang melibatkan organ seksual, sehingga beresiko mengalami penyakit menular seksual.Metode: Menggunakan metode Pre Eksperimen dengan desain One Group Pre Test-Post Test. Teknik Pengambilan sampel dengan Systematic Random ampling. Responden sebanyak 61 siswa(i) di SMPN 5 Bangkala Kabupaten Jeneponto.Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan data bahwa 55 siswa (90.2%) memiliki pengetahuan kategori kurang sebelum diintervensi dengan Penyuluhan Kesehatan dan setelah diintervensi Penyuluhan Kesehatan terdapat 60 siswa (98.4%) memiliki pengetahuan kategori baik, namun masih ada 1 siswa (1.6%) yang memiliki pengetahuan kategori cukup. Hasil uji statistik setelah diintervensi Penyuluhan Kesehatan menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan, menunjukan 61 siswa (100%) responden mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan dengan nilai p value sebesar 0.000 < 0.05.Kesimpulan: Penyuluhan kesehatan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada pengetahuan remaja tetang penyakit menular seksual di SMPN 5 Bangkala Kabupaten Jeneponto.
Zur Lebensituation von Menschen mit Behinderung in Zeiten der Krise
Authors: Hesse Matthias
Published: June 2021

Einer breiten Öffentlichkeit wurde Mag. Michael Chalupka vor allem durch seine vier Amtsperioden als Direktor der Diakonie Österreich und als Bischof der Evangelischen Kirche A.B. bekannt. Er studierte Theologie und war zunächst als Fachinspektor für Religionsunterricht in der Steiermark, Studienleiter am Centro Ecumenico d’Agape in Prali (Italien) und als Pfarrer in Niederösterreich tätig. Ich habe Michael Chalupka als einen Menschen kennengelernt, der sich – jahrzehntelang – einerseits auf sozialpolitischer Ebene für die Lebenssituation von Menschen mit Behinderung einsetzte, andererseits aber auch immer im persönlichen Kontakt bei alltäglichen Herausforderungen und individuellen Problemen zu helfen wusste. Seine medial aufbereiteten Kommentare und öffentlichen Statements übernahmen eine wichtige Rolle in der Behindertenpolitik und waren richtungsweisend für gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen zum Thema Behinderung als Querschnittsmaterie.
Kebijakan Investasi Asing dalam Pengembangan Pariwisata yang Berbasis Desa Adat di Provinsi Bali
Authors: Sumerti Asih  , Nyoman Sri Ratnawati  , I Wayan Wirawan
Published: June 2021

Pembangunan di bidang sektor pariwisata membutuhkan dana yang sangat besar, bersumber dari dana Pemerintah, swasta, masyarakat dan penanam modal asing. Indonesia sebagai Negara berkembang sering mengalami kesulitan dana dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan karena sumber dana yang terbatas. Pemerintah perlu merumuskan kebijakan dalam bentuk perundang-undangan serta, reformasi birokrasi sehingga mampu memberikan pelayanan publik yang optimal, serta menarik minat investasi asing agar mempercepat pelaksanaan pembangunan dalam rangka mewujudkan tujuan nasional, yaitu kesejahteraan masyarakat. Secara umum, peraturan tentang penanaman modal termasuk investasi asing telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 25 tahun 2007,  tentang penanaman modal, Peraturan Presiden Nomor 27 tahun 2009, tentang Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu, serta Peraturan Kepala Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal Nomor 14 tahun 2015, tentang Tata Cara dan Prinsip Penanaman Modal, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 2014, tentang Pemerintah Daerah. Pembangunan pariwisata di Bali sangat pesat dengan dibangunnya berbagai jenis fasilitas pariwisata, dan ke depan, untuk menghindari kejenuhan perlu dikembangkan wisata alternatif, seperti Desa Wisata. Ditetapkannya Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Bali Nomor 4 tahun 2019, tentang Desa Adat mempertegas bahwa Desa Adat dapat mengelola Desa wisata.. Keterlibatan investasi asing dalam mengembangkan pariwisata yang bebasis desa adat sangat dimungkinkan, maka Pemerintah Daerah perlu bersama-sama Pemerintah Kabupaten/kota serta Desa Adat berdasarkan kedudukan dan kewenangannya dapat menetapkan peraturan untuk menjamin kepastian hukum bagi investor dan masyarakat dengan tetap berlandaskan pada prinsi-prinsip penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang baik.

Kata kunci : kebijakan, investasi asing, pariwisata berbasis desa adat.
Impact Evaluation of A Grant Program for Postgraduate Studies Undertaken Abroad: Analysis of the Ecuadorian Case
Authors: Ponce Juan , Cedeño Nilo M.
Published: June 2021

The National Secretary for Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation in Ecuador (locally SENESCYT) started an ambitious grants program in 2011. The main objective of the program was to send Ecuadorian students to undertake postgraduate studies at universities overseas. This article evaluates the impact of this grant policy on the labor income of the beneficiaries after they have completed their studies abroad and returned to Ecuador. Using a fixed-effects with lagged dependent variable model combined with a propensity score matching, we find a negative impact on the income of the grant holders during the first year following their return to the country. For the second year, the effect is non-significant. During the third year, the impact becomes significant and positive. The grant holders who returned having completed their postgraduate program abroad had a 9% higher employment income in the third year than those who did their postgraduate studies in Ecuador. The program's effect concentrates on women, the low-income group, and on those beneficiaries that studied in the USA.
The Impact of Ownership Structure on the Private Information: An Empirical Study Based on China’s A-Share Market
Authors: Zeng Zhisen , Li Yuying
Published: June 2021

Ownership structure will have a certain impact on the private information of a company, which will have a complex impact on the financial market. Therefore, it is necessary to study the impact of the ownership structure on private information. This paper uses the monthly data of individual stocks in A-share from 2019 to 2020 to calculate the goodness of fitof the CAPM model to measure the private information content, and then conducts multiple analysis processes such as multicollinearity analysis and heteroscedasticity analysis to ensure the accuracy of the model. Then, this paper uses the WLS regression method for final calculation. The results show that the higher ownership concentration, the less private information content, the weaker private information arbitrage. Finally, this paper puts forward some valuable suggestions for China's financial market based on the empirical results.
Logging Mats and Logging Residue as Ground Protection during Forwarder Traffic along Till Hillslopes
Authors: Ring Eva , Andersson Mikael , Hansson Linnea , Jansson Gunnar , Högbom Lars
Published: June 2021

Forest soils in Northern Europe are generally trafficked by forest machinery on several occasions during a forest rotation. This may create ruts (wheel tracks), which could increase sediment transport to nearby surface water, reduce recreational value, and affect tree growth. It is therefore important to reduce soil disturbance during off-road forest transportation. In this study, rut depth was measured following forwarder traffic on study plots located along four harvested till hillslopes in Northern Sweden with drier soil conditions uphill and wet conditions downhill. The treatments included driving 1) using no ground protection, 2) on logging residue (on average, 38–50 kg m–2) and 3) on logging mats measuring 5×1×0.2 m. The hillslopes contain areas with a high content of boulders, stones, and gravel as well as areas with a significant content of silt. Six passes with a laden forwarder with four bogie tracks were performed. On the plots with ground protection, the application of logging residue and the application and removal of logging mats necessitated additional passes. Rut depth was measured using two methods: 1) as the difference in elevation between the interpolated original soil surface and the surface of the rut using GNSS positioning (Global Navigation Satellite Systems), and 2) manually with a folding rule from an aluminium profile, placed across the rut, to the bottom of the rut. The two methods generally gave similar results. Driving without ground protection in the upper part of the hillslopes generated ruts with depths <0.2 m. Here, the rut depth was probably modified by the high content of boulders and stones in the upper soil and drier soil conditions. In the lower part of the hillslopes, the mean rut depth ranged from 0.21 to 0.34 m. With a few exceptions, driving on logging residue or logging mats prevented exposure of mineral soil along the entire hillslope. Soil disturbance can thus be reduced by acknowledging the onsite variability in ground conditions and considering the need for ground protection when planning forest operations.
Cell culture model vaccine trial against sheep pox
Authors: Dashzevge Erdenechimeg , Enkhbaatar Batmagnai , Yondonjamts Enkhmandakh , Gantulga Ariunbold , Myagmarsuren Odonchimeg , Sukhbaatar Usukhgerel , Batjargal Munkhgerel , Dambadarjaa Sodgerel , Bazartseren Boldbaatar
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to establish and evaluate the cell culture model vaccine produced in our situation through inoculation of Russian VNIIZJ sheep pox vaccine strain to Vero cells and challenge of target animals.  The TCID50/ml of the model vaccine strain was 103.1 and the ID50/ml of the challenge strain Stravropolskii was 103.15respectively. The virulence of the model vaccine was evaluated in laboratory mice and it was safe. Total 75% of the vaccinated sheep were survived at 6-months post injecttion, while 50% of the vaccinated sheep were survived at 9-12 months’ post injection. It shows this model vaccine protected at certain level against sheep pox, and further studies are required to improve it. 
Хонины цэцэг өвчний эсийн өсгөвөрт вакцины загвар бэлтгэн туршсан дүн
Бидний судалгааны ажлын зорилго өөрийн орны нөхцөлд хонины цэцэг өвчний эсийн өсгөвөрт вакцины загвар гарган авах байсан бөгөөд энэ ажлын хүрээнд ОХУ-ын ВНИИЗЖ хонины цэцэг өвчний омгийг Vero эсийн өсгөвөрт өсгөвөрлөн хонинд амь сорил тавих замаар шалгасан болно. Вакцины загварт хэрэглэсэн вирусын эс эмгэгшүүлэх тун 103.1 TCID50/мл харин амь сорилд ашиглах өндөр хоруу чанартай хонины цэцгийн Ставропольский амьд омгийн өвчлүүлэх тун 103.15 ӨТ50/мл байлаа. Вакцины загварын хоруу чанарыг лабораторийн хулгана ашиглан шалган үзэхэд аюулгүй байв. Вакцины загварын идэвхит чанарыг нийт 4 хонинд амь сорил тавьж шалган үзэхэд вакцины загвар таригдсанаас хойш 6 сарын дараа 75% хамгаалж, харин 9 болон 12 сар дээрээ 50% хамгаалж байгаа нь энэ вакцины загвар хонины цэцэг өвчнөөс тодорхой хэмжээнд хамгаалах идэвхитэй байгааг харуулж байна. Цаашид энэ вакцины загварыг илүү боловсруулах шаардлагатай байна.
Түлхүүр үг: Vero эс, амьд вирус, вакцин, хонь
Some results of grafting method for mini tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum. Mill) varieties
Authors: Erdenebat Nyambuu , Janlav Oyungerel , Davaasambuu Undarmaa , Vanchinkhuu Tsegmid
Published: June 2021

We put the this study compared to grafting method and particular method , we have taken 4 tomato varieties from Korea as a scion and an introduced tomato variety, Vishnevidnii from Russia as a rootstock. The growth period was  from germination stage to fruiting was 164-169 days for grafted varieties  Vishniividnii+ KT Orange, Vishnevidnii+Seminis-SV7160TC, Vishnevidnii+TY Candy were occurred 3 days earlier than other Mongolian soil and climate condition.

Average yield  of the grafted  tomato varieties per square meter was   for Visniividnii+ KT Orange (4.4 кg), Vishiividnii +Seminis-SV7160TC (6.4 кg), Vishniividnii+Galaxy (8.7 кg), Vishniividnii+TY Candy(9.0 кg), Vishniividnii+TY 777 (8.9 кg) and the higher by  10-56%  compared to  particular growing method  some varieties for  KT Orange(3.6 кg),Seminis-SV7160TC (5.0 кg), Galaxy (6.0 кg),TY Candy (4.8 кg),TY 777 (5.3 кg), Vishniividnii (5.7 кg).

Жижиг жимст лоолийн (Lycopersicon Esculentum. Mill) сортуудыг залгалтын (Grafting method) аргаар ургуулсан дүнгээс

Монгол орны хөрс, цаг уурын нөхцөлд дасан зохицох жижиг жимстэй лоолийн 4 шинэ сортыг  залгалтын аргаар ургуулахдаа    Вишнийвидный  сорт дээр залгасан үр дүнг харьцуулан судлах зорилгоор энэхүү судалгааг явуулсан. Судалгааны үр дүнг авч үзвэл ургалтын нийт хоног  залгалтын аргаар ургуулсан Вишнийвидный+ KT Orange, Вишнийвидный +Seminis-SV7160TC, Вишнийвидный+TY Candy сортуудад  164-169 хоногт тохиосон бол  бусад сортуудад 3 хоногоор оройтож байлаа. Лоолийн ургамлын 1 м2-ын ургацын хэмжээгээр залгалтын аргаар ургуулсан  Вишнийвидный+ KT Orange(4.4 кг), Вишнийвидный +Seminis-SV7160TC(6.4 кг), Вишнийвидный+Galaxy(8.7 кг), Вишнийвидный+TY Candy(9.0 кг), Вишнийвидный +TY 777(8.9 кг) байсан бол ердийн аргын хяналтууд  болох   KT Orange(3.6 кг),Seminis-SV7160TC(5.0 кг), Galaxy(6.0 кг),TY Candy(4.8 кг),TY 777(5.3 кг), Вишнийвидный(5.7 кг)  байсан. Эндээс харахад шинэ технологийн арга болох залгалтын аргыг ашиглахад  сорт тус бүр дээр 0,8-4.2 кг\м2-аар ахиу буюу 10-56%-ийн нэмүү ургацтай байсан.

Түлхүүр үг: Залгаадас, залгуурга, дээд иш, доод иш
Soil quality assessment of cropland by multi criteria analysis
Authors: Damdin Byambasuren , Baatar Ser-Od , Naranbat Dambadarjaa , Bayaraa Batbileg
Published: June 2021

The quality of cropland in Ugtaaltsaidam soum of Tuv aimag was assessed by GIS and multi-criteria analysis (MCA) using physical and chemical properties of soil. Considering the impact of soil factors on wheat yield, humus content is 41.52%, the humus layer thickness is 25.67%, soil mechanical composition is 13.87%, total adsorbed bases is 10.43%, and reaction environment is 8.87%. Therefore, soil quality assessment was evaluated in each cropland. According to the score, the cropland was scored 43.89-81.47%, while it decreased by 22.9-27.4% to 31.81-62.78 because of depending on other factors, such as the level of supply of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

Тариалангийн газрын хөрсний чанарын үнэлгээг олон хүчин зүйлийн дүн шинжилгээний аргаар тодорхойлох (Төв аймгийн Угтаалцайдам сумын жишээн дээр)

Төв аймгийн Угтаалцайдам сумын тариалангийн газрын чанарын үнэлгээг хөрсний физик-химийн шинж чанарын үзүүлэлтүүдээр олон хүчин зүйлийн дүн шинжилгээний аргаар хийж зураглал үйлдлээ.  Буудайн ургацад хөрсний хүчин зүйлүүд хэрхэн нөлөөлж байгааг тооцож үзэхэд ялзмаг агууламж- 41.52%, ялзмагт үеийн зузаан 25.67%, хөрсний механик бүрэлдэхүүн 13.87%, шингээгдсэн сууриудын нийлбэр 10.43%, урвалын орчин 8.87% нөлөөлж байна гэж үзээд үүнд үндэслэн хөрсний үнэлгээний шатлал тогтоож, тариалангийн талбай бүрийг баллаар үнэллээ. Баллын үнэлгээгээр тариалангийн газар 43.89-81.47 оноотой гарсан бол бусад хүчин зүйлээр буюу азот, фосфор, кали зэргийн хангамжийн түвшингээс хамааруулж зохих итгэлцүүр тогтоож үнэлгээнд засвар хийхэд 22.9-27.4%  буурч 31.81-62.78 оноотой болж байна.

 Түлхүүр үг: Тариалангийн газар, хөрсний үнэлгээ, зураглал, олон хүчин зүйлийн шинжилгээ
Prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of physical therapy outcomes in patients with adhesive capsulitis
Authors: Nur Saraçgil Coşar Sacide , Ozen Selin , Niyazi Kurtcebe Ali , Coşkun Mehmet , Ümit Yemişci Oya
Published: June 2021

Objectives: This study aims to investigate whether the treatment outcomes of patients with a clinical diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis (AC) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings consistent with AC undergoing physical therapy (PT) differs to those with AC in the absence of these MRI findings.

Patients and methods: Between January 2012 and October 2012, a total of 30 patients (8 males, 22 females; mean age 55.6±12.1 years; range, 35 to 85 years) with a clinical diagnosis of AC underwent MRI of the index shoulder. The MRI scans were evaluated for findings associated with AC: intensity of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) and rotator interval (RI). All patients received a total of 15 sessions of PT: hot pack, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, ultrasound, and shoulder exercises. The patients were assessed for shoulder range of motion (ROM) using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for shoulder pain, Quick Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (Q-DASH), and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) prior to and following completion of PT.

Results: Of the patients, 21 had no MRI findings consistent with AC (Group 1), nine patients had changes in the IGHL and/or RI characteristic of AC (Group 2). In both groups, there was a significant improvement in active and passive shoulder ROM and VAS scores for shoulder pain at rest (Group 1: p<0.001, Group 2: p=0.017) with movement (Group 1: p<0.001, Group 2: p=0.007) and at night (Group 1: p<0.001, Group 2: p=0.012) following PT. However, there was no significant inter-group difference in scores. Similar findings were recorded for Q-DASH and HAQ.

Conclusion: Based on these study findings, the presence of characteristic MRI findings of AC with a clinical diagnosis do not predict clinical response to physical therapy.
The effects of complex decongestive therapy on kinesthetic sense of hands, upper extremity function, and quality of life in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema
Authors: Yeşil Hilal , Eyigör Sibel , İnbat Menekşe , Bulut Ferah
Published: June 2021

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effect of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) on the kinesthetic sense of hands, upper extremity function, and the quality of life in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL).

Patients and methods: Between August 2018 and August 2019, total of 50 women with BCRL (mean age: 56.5±9.6 years; range, 36 to 71 years) were included in the study. Kinesthetic sense of the hand, upper extremity function (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [DASH]), quality of life (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire [EORTC QLQ-C30]), and arm volume of all patients were evaluated before and after the treatment. All patients received CDT for 20 sessions for 1 h over a total of four weeks.

Results: A statistically significant decrease in the volume of the involved extremity was observed after the treatment (p<0.001). There was a significant decrease in the symptom score (p<0.001) and a significant improvement in the general health status and functional scales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 (p<0.001 and p=0.012, respectively). The DASH scores and visual and kinesthetic sense scores of the patients significantly improved after the treatment (p=0.016, p=0.008, and p<0.001, respectively).

Conclusion: Our study results show that BCRL is a serious complication which may lead to impairment in the kinesthetic sense of hand and upper extremity function with the increased arm volume. The CDT is an effective and safe method not only to achieve significant volume reduction in the extremities, but also to achieve favorable results in managing these problems.