bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigations on Black Cotton Soil Stabilized with Sand and Cement
Authors: Rohitha D.
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Has our Lands getting increasing of population and the reduction of available land, more and more construction of building sand other civil engineering structures has to be carried out on weak or soft soil. Owing to such soil of poor shear strength and high swelling & shrinkage, a great diversity of ground improvement techniques such as soil stabilization and reinforcement are employed to improve mechanical behavior ofsoil, thereby enhancing the reliability of construction. Black cotton soil is one of the major soil with this we are going to improve the soil by using sand and cement in deposits of India. The disappointments of asphalt in from of hurl dejection splitting and unevenness are brought about by the occasional dampness variety in subgrade soil. So, in this we using the various type of tests like plastic limit, liquid limit, California bearing ratio test, freewell index and specific gravity.Instead of cutting out and replacing the unstable soil,soil adjustment isthe only alternative asitsaveslot of time and ofmoneytoo.Theexhibithigh swelling and shrinking when exposed to changes in moisture content and hence have been found to be most troublesome from engineering considerations. Keyword: Black cotton soil, stabilization, CBR, sand and cement, sub- grade, Montmorinolite kaolinite, hydrated cations, Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, Free swell index, Specific gravity.
Sign Language Interpreter using Deep Learning
Authors: Nihalaani Rachaell
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Sign Language is invaluable to hearing and speaking impaired people and is their only way of communicating among themselves. However, it has limitations with its reach as the rest of the people have no information regarding sign language interpretation. Sign language is communicated via hand gestures and visual modes and is therefore used by hearing and speaking impaired people to intercommunicate. These languages have alphabets and grammar of their own, which cannot be understood by people who have no knowledge about the specific symbols and rules. Thus, it has become essential for everyone to interpret, understand and communicate via sign language to overcome and alleviate the barriers of speech and communication. This can be tackled with the help of machine learning. This model is a Sign Language Interpreter that uses a dataset of images and interprets the sign language alphabets and sentences with 90.9% accuracy. For this paper, we have used an ASL (American Sign Language) Alphabet. We have used the CNN algorithm for this project. This paper ends with a summary of the model’s viability and its usefulness for interpretation of Sign Language. Keywords: Sign Language, Machine Learning, Interpretation model, Convoluted Neural Networks, American Sign Language
Digital Medical Record System using Blockchain Technology: A Survey
Authors: Khandagale Gandhar Anirudha
Published: October 2021

Abstract:In these modern times where diseases, viral flu, and infections are too common for the human being, to tackle this problem sometimes it gets hard, as the patient has incomplete documents of their diagnostics in case the document get lost for certain reason or patient left some important reports at home, and carrying a file every single time when patients visit a doctor is quite a burden, and some doctors give fake medication to the patients, and as patient migrate to a new place and visits a doctor then that particular doctor would need all patients previous medication and hereditary diseases information if any, doctor has to go through the whole check-up in order to get any allergies for certain medication or any lab reports if there are missing any. Keywords: Blockchain, Hyperledger Fabric, Medical Records, Orderers, Radiologist, Tester, Patient, Doctor
Comparative Study of Tube in Tube Flat Slab with Tube in Tube Waffle Slab, Structures Under the Sesmic Loads
Authors: Uddin Syed Zubair
Published: October 2021

Abstract: The tube in tube structure is one of the type that is been broadly used as structural system for tall structures. Considering the lateral loads due to the seismic force it gives more stiffness and gives more strength to the high-rise structures. Lateral loads are shared between the inner and outer tubes our aim is to make the structure stiff by its connectivity and comparing them by providing drops to the waffle. By adding tube in tube to the flat slab and waffle slab, concept is they both does not have the beams such that to know the comparison of both the models. This both models have been designed using e-tabs software and the dimensions, limitations are been taken from the provision Indian standard code book. Keywords: High-rise building, tube in tube, Response spectrum analysis.
A COMMUNITY SURVEY ON EFFECT OF STEP AEROBIC EXERCISES AND MUSIC THERAPY ON MENTAL HEALTH IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: Naqvi Waqar M.
Published: October 2021

To evaluate the effect of Step aerobic exercises and music therapy on mental health in menopausal women. Menopausal women of selected areas of Belagavi city were screened in a door to door survey using Menopause Quality Of Life (MENQOL) questionnaire. 69 menopausal women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were divided randomly into 3 groups Group A was administrated Music therapy, for Group B Step Aerobic Exercises was given and Group C was administrated combination of Music therapy and step aerobic exercises. All three groups showed significant changes from pre and post intervention. The p-value for Group A versus Group B between pre-test and post-test was 0.001*.For Group A versus Group C was 0.001* and for Group B versus Group C between pre-test and post-test was 0.906 which was not significant. Step aerobics, music therapy and a combination of both were equally effective in improving the mental health status of post-menopausal women. Any one or combination of them can be used to help improve quality of life in these women.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PERSPECTIVES OF DIVERSE NATURAL RESOURCES
Authors: Gakhar Ashima
Published: October 2021

irritants. It is characterized by redness, swollen joints, joint pain, stiffness, and loss of joint function. Inflammation is currently treated by NSAIDs. Unfortunately, these drugs cause an increased risk of blood clots resulting in heart attacks and strokes. Therefore, the developments of potent anti-inflammatory drugs from natural products are now under consideration. Natural products are a rich source for the discovery of new drugs because of their chemical diversity. A natural product from medicinal plants plays a major role to cure many diseases associated with inflammation. The conventional drug available in the market to treat inflammation produces various side effects. Due to these side effects, there is a need for the search for newer drugs with fewer or no side effects. There are hundreds of phytoconstituents reported to have many pharmacological activities although most of these reports are of academic interest and very few find an entry in clinical trials. The present review is directed towards the compilation of data on promising phytochemicals from herbal plants that have been tested in inflammatory models using modern scientific systems
New predictive value of optical coherence tomography analysis in the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Sajjadi F , Khoshnevisan MH , Doane JF , Sajjadi H
Published: October 2021

Objective Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) was first reported in 1897 as â€œPseudo tumor Cerebriâ€ when lumbar puncture was initiated in medicine. However, it is still a challenging diagnosis for many neurologists and ophthalmologists. Likewise, the sequela of IIH can be debilitating overall health and quality of life in most patients. This report presents the evolving diagnostic modalities that are different from mainstream IIH reports on gender, obesity and headaches ratios. We believe, using standard optical coherence tomography (OCT) can allow for a much earlier and more accurate diagnosis of IIH, with marked reduction in visual loss morbidity.Methods Retrospective, observational method was used to review 171 patientsâ€™ charts with suspected IIH over the past 12 years. The OCT of optic nerve and Macula was conducted by considering a list of signs and symptoms. Brain MRI, lumbar puncture, and our standard laboratory workups for optic neuropathies and visual fields were done. Visual Evoked Potentials were performed by neurologists. For purpose of this paper all IIH diagnosis fit Dandy diagnosis criteria of pseudo tumor cerebri as having a normal MRI.Results We evaluated 164 cases that had LPs done due to our proposed OCT Patterns to rule out IIH with no bio-microscopic evidence of overt papilledema. The majority of LP positive patients had some degree of visual field damage. Twenty out of 164 cases had false positive OCTs (with negative LPs) 88% accuracy in OCT diagnosis of IIH. No false positive OCT in Pattern-I.Conclusion Four different OCT diagnostic Patterns presented for IIH cases. The demographics of the patients considered having IIH by OCT Patterns I-IV and proven by positive LP; do not fit the classic demographic patterns. Classically, IIH has been reported to be observed in obese females with headaches and visible papilledema. Our findings put this classic set of presenting signs into question.
Antimicrobial effect of probiotic Lactobacillus spp. on Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Al-Malkey Maysaa Kadhim , Ismeeal Munira Ch. , Abo Al-Hur Fahema Jabbar , Mohammed Sinaa W. , Nayyef Hanan J.
Published: October 2021

Objectives Study the antimicrobial effect of probiotics produced from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus acidophilus on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn and wound infection and their ability of protease production.Methods Swab samples were collected from 70 patients admitted at Burns Center/Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital. Primary bacterial identification cultured on differential selective media and biochemical tests were done. The Vitek2 compact system (Biomerieux, France) was used to confirm the P. aeruginosa isolates by Gram negative identification card and the antimicrobial susceptibility Test Card to each isolate was performed. Protease production using skimmed milk agar 1% was performed. Crud bacteriocin produced from L. acidophilus (Holland & Barrett, USA) and L. rhamnosus (Health Gensis, USA) was extracted during log phase using MRS broth (24 h/ 37ÂºC/ 5â€“10% CO2), then cool centrifugation was done (6000 rpm at 4ÂºC for 10 min). Protein concentration of bacteriocin was estimated using Bradford assay using bovine serum albumin as standard.Results Only 31 out of 48 isolates were identified as P. aeruginosa; 9 (45%) from wound and 22 (79%) from burn swabs. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests included 16 antibiotics; P. aeruginosa isolates showed multi-drug resistance for antibiotics. All P. aeruginosa isolates were having the ability for protease enzyme production. Antimicrobial effect of bacteriocin produced by L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus on protease using plate diffusion method showed positive results. Protein concentration of bacteriocin produced by L. rhamnosus and L. acidophilus were 74 mg/mL, 44 mg/mL, respectively. The highest zone of antimicrobial effect by L. rhamnosus was 32 mm and by L. acidophilus was 25 mm using well diffusion method.Conclusions P. aeruginosa showed a multi-drug resistance and had the ability to produce protease enzyme. Bacteriocin produced by L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus showed an acceptable positive results to be used as potential alternative bio-remedy to overcome the multi-drug resistance dilemma.Keywords antimicrobial effect, Lactobacillus spp., bacteriocin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, protease
Therapeutic Effects of Hydralazine on Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rat.
Authors: Ahmadi Fatemeh , Hajihashemi Saeed , Rahbari Ali , Ghanbari Fatemeh
Published: October 2021

Objective: Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) induces acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, the effect of hydralazine was investigated on the renal injury induced by the I-R in rats.
Methods: AKI was induced with bilateral obstruction of the renal artery and vein for 20 minutes following with 24 hours of reperfusion. Hydralazine (5mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally as post- treatment.
Results: Hydralazine significantly increased the levels of renal clearance of creatinine and renal blood flow, while was decreasing by I-R. Also, hydralazine significantly improved levels of serum electrolytes (sodium and potassium) that were impaired by I-R. The tissue MDA levels were significantly suppressed by hydralazine.
Conclusion: According to the results, the post treatment of hydralazine had a therapeutic effect on renal ischemia-reperfusion because improved ion reabsorption and excretion and increased renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate and decreased lipid peroxidation.
Avaliação da sustentabilidade ambiental no contexto de instituições de ensino superior: mapeamento de modelos
Authors: Pedro Élida De Paula , Costa Helder Gomes
Published: October 2021

Vários modelos de avaliação de sustentabilidade em instituições de nível superior vêm sendo desenvolvidos. No entanto, estes registros estão dispersos e, em geral, apresentam uma análise isolada e específica, fato que conduz a uma interpretação mais limitada e a erros de avaliação. Esta pesquisa apresenta como objetivo compilar as informações encontradas na literatura a respeito deste tema, fornecendo ao leitor um referencial com uma visão global sobre este assunto. A fim de atender ao objetivo geral do estudo realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica em artigos científicos selecionados nas bases de dados SCOPUS e ISI Web of Science. O resultado do estudo possibilitou identificar fatores de sustentabilidade encontrados com maior frequência em modelos de sustentabilidade de instituições de nível superior.
Aplicabilidade e contribuições das rubricas na avaliação da competência comunicativa em línguas: reflexões à luz da perspectiva crítica e emancipatória
Authors: Weirich da Silva Coelho Iandra Maria
Published: October 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a importância do uso das rubricas como potenciais ferramentas para a avaliação do desenvolvimento da competência comunicativa em línguas adicionais. Os procedimentos metodológicos envolvem uma pesquisa bibliográfica e exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa e uso do método da análise de conteúdo, a fim de investigar as principais contribuições dessas ferramentas, à luz da perspectiva teórica crítico-emancipatória.  Os resultados dessa discussão ressaltam a rubrica como um instrumento dinâmico que pode  auxiliar docentes e estudantes na identificação das aprendizagens e gerenciamento das informações, realização de feedback e autorregulação dos desempenhos alcançados, desenvolvimento da reflexão crítica e da autonomia em uma perspectiva democrática e emancipatória.
Comer para aprender, criar e produzir: analisando a eficiência econômica dos Restaurantes Universitários das universidades federais brasileiras.
Authors: Carvalho Camila Regina , Viana Francisca Diana Ferreira , Rodrigues Lásara Fabrícia
Published: October 2021

A presente pesquisa analisou a eficiência econômica de 38 restaurantes universitários (Rus) que operavam por gestão terceirizada, em 2019, utilizando a Análise Envoltória de Dados, em virtude do papel desempenhado por estes como um mecanismo que possibilita aos estudantes a conclusão dos seus cursos, viabilizando as suas permanências na universidade e com isso, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento econômico visto que as universidades são um lócus de formação de capital humano e social . Além de, do ponto de vista regional, contribuir para amenizar os efeitos da desigualdade socioeconômica sobre o corpo discente. Os resultados indicaram onze universidades cujos restaurantes foram os mais eficientes. Ademais, uma análise regional demonstrou uma predominância por scores maiores nas regiões Sul e Sudeste.
Synthesis of a mobile robot spatial stabilization system based on machine learning control by symbolic regression
Authors: Diveev Askhat I. , Mendez Florez Neder Jair
Published: October 2021

The spatial stabilization system synthesis problem of the robot is considered. The historical overview of methods and approaches for solving the problem of control synthesis is given. It is shown that the control synthesis problem is the most important task in the field of control, for which there are no universal numerical methods for solving it. As one of the ways to solve this problem, it is proposed to use the method of machine learning based on the application of modern symbolic regression methods. This allows you to build universal algorithms for solving control synthesis problems. Several most promising symbolic regression methods are considered for application in control tasks. The formal statement of the control synthesis problem for its numerical solution is given. Examples of solving problems of synthesis of system of spatial stabilization of mobile robot by method of network operator and variation Cartesian genetic programming are given. The problem required finding one nonlinear feedback function to move the robot from thirty initial conditions to one terminal point. Mathematical records of the obtained control functions are given. Results of simulation of control systems obtained by symbolic regression methods are given.
Methodology for creating software and mathematical support for modeling the spacecraft dynamic operations
Authors: Malyshev Veniamin V. , Starkov Alexander V. , Fedorov Alexander V. , Trishin Alexey A.
Published: October 2021

The basis for ensuring a high level of reliability and safety in dynamic operations is a comprehensive experimental development of products in conditions as close to the real conditions of operation as possible with the use of mathematical and simulation modeling. The technical task of conducting dynamic operations in orbit is analyzed, which in turn boils down to two basic: bringing the initial state of the spacecraft grouping into a given area of space and performing maneuvers in a given area of space during the active life. These management tasks and terminal requirements are considered to be initial in relation to the stochastic and minimax approaches that are offered for use in the construction of working algorithms. The method of developing a software-modeling complex of the decisive task of developing the means of conducting dynamic operations of the spacecraft has been proposed. The application is illustrated by examples.
Features of formation of lacustrine mineral resources
Authors: Rasskazov Andrey A. , Gorbatov Evgeniy S. , Kotelnikov Alexander E.
Published: October 2021

The conditions of the formation of nonmetallic and ore minerals in limnogenic structures are considered. It has been established that lakes are natural enriches of a wide range of useful components - silicate, carbonate, water-soluble, ore, organomineral. The most significant minerals of modern lakes, in addition to water, are: sapropel, diatomite, lime and mineral salts. Deposits of sand, clay, oil shale, oil and gas, coal, phosphorites, zeolites, evaporites, bauxites, ferromanganese, copper ores, placer minerals, and some rare and dispersed elements are associated with limnogenic complexes of different ages. It is shown that a greater variety of minerals of ancient lacustrine complexes compared to modern ones is associated both with variations of lacustrine lithogenesis in the past and with post-sedimentation transformations of sedimentary matter. In particular, epigenetic enrichment of ancient lacustrine complexes with ore components is noted. It was revealed that hydrocarbons and diatomites of lacustrine genesis are of a higher quality compared to similar minerals of marine genesis. It is noted that evolutionary changes in the processes of accumulation of limnogenic minerals have affected to the greatest degree biogenic and chemogenic components. An example of this is the progressive accumulation of caustobiolites and the sulfate evolution of evaporites in lacustrine structures during the Phanerozoic. An analysis of the genetic characteristics of lacustrine minerals makes it possible to develop new exploratory traits of a number of sedimentary deposits.
Construction a map of geochemical anomalies for the predicted value of gold in the Lidin ore field of Urup Island
Authors: Panasenko Yuri M. , Markov Vladimir E. , Karelina Elena V.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this article is to study the methods of constructing maps of geochemical anomalies using geostatistical methods. The example presented in the article shows the possibility of probabilistic determination of gold in strongly overlapped areas (Urup Island, Kuril Islands). On the site of the Kolenchaty Lidinskoye ore field, the gold ore occurrence of the Kolenchaty is known. It is timed to the incision of the river and disappears outside of it. This is due to the strong overlap of the area by Quaternary sediments. Together with the uneven distribution of gold, these circumstances complicate the construction of maps of geochemical anomalies and the identification of promising areas. To solve this problem, the Statistica program was used. With its help, a matrix of correlations was built, elements of the satellites of gold were selected, and a multiple regression equation for gold was drawn up. This equation was used to probabilistically calculate gold values at each sampling point. In ArcGis, Geostatistical Analyst, geochemical anomalies were mapped from the predicted gold value by kriging, and promising areas were highlighted.
Nursing awareness of oxygen therapy among nurses at selected district hospital in Nepal
Authors: Katel Kalpana , Gurung Sunita , Gautam Srijana , Bhattrai Muna
Published: October 2021

Relevance . Oxygen therapy is commonly used in the emergency and critical cases which is the first line treatment in many critical conditions. Oxygen therapy is a medical treatment prescribed mainly for hypoxic patients, which provides oxygen at higher concentrations than that found in atmosphere (21%). Oxygen administering depends on the needs of the patients conditions and in some cases medical treatment. The present study aims to assess the level of awareness on oxygen therapy among nurses and examine the association between level of knowledge, attitude and selected socio-demographic variables. Materials and Methods . A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select 125 samples. The data were collected for 6 weeks using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) was used for quantitative data analysis and inferential statistics (chi-square) were used to find out the association between level of knowledge, attitude and selected socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. Results and Discussion . The study revealed that 74.4% of the nurses had unsatisfactory level of knowledge, 20% had average knowledge and 5.6% had satisfactory level of knowledge regarding oxygen therapy. A significant association was found between the knowledge level and age, educational status and experience of the respondents (p=0.001, 0.000, 0.016). Conclusion . The study concluded that the level of knowledge among nurses regarding oxygen therapy has lower than expected and is unsatisfactory. The results of the study can provide a framework for the healthcare policymakers to develop and implement educational programs on oxygen therapy for nurses in hospital setting.
Transforming growth factor beta-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in the recovery and formation of skin scars
Authors: Nikonorova Varvara G. , Chrishtop Vladimir V. , Rumyantseva Tatyana A.
Published: October 2021

Relevance. Scars are multi-tissue structures that significantly reduce the quality of life of the young, able-bodied population. The most socially significant variants are represented by hypertrophic and keloid postoperative scars and scars after burns, atrophic scars after acne vulgaris and striae. Growth factors, which are also used for their treatment, play a significant role in their formation and progression. The aim of this work is to summarize data on the participation of growth factors (transforming growth factor beta-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor) in the formation of a hypertrophic or atrophic scar. Materials and Methods. The study of literary sources of scientometric scientific bases was carried out. Results and Discussion . The study showed that the duration of the scarring phases preceding it is of great importance in scar formation, their prolongation leads to chronic inflammation and the attachment of an autoimmune component, an increase in the number of myofibroblasts due to inhibition of apoptosis and an increase in the synthesis of intercellular substance and immature forms of collagen, as well as thinning of the epidermis over scar. Growth factors such as growth factor beta-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor are capable of shifting the balance of these two main pathways or towards proliferative processes, contributing to an increase in the number of blood vessels in the hemomicrocirculatory bed, the number of mast cells and total cellularity, as well as, in some cases, the synthesis of keloid - that is, the formation of a hypertrophic or keloid scar. On the contrary, the prevalence of inflammatory processes leads to a decrease in cellularity, a decrease in blood vessels and intercellular substance, as well as damage to elastin and collagen fibers, forming the phenotype of an atrophic scar or striae. Conclusion. Growth factors play a key role in scar formation, contributing to an increase in the number of blood vessels in the hemomicrocirculatory bed, the number of mast cells and total cellularity, as well as, in some cases, the synthesis of keloid - that is, the formation of a hypertrophic or keloid scar.
Jadassohn anetoderma: clinical observation
Authors: Mesnyankina O. A. , Ryabov S. K.
Published: October 2021

The article presents a clinical observation of a rare dermatosis - Jadassohn anetoderma. The described case demonstrates the important role of differential diagnostic in patients with atrophic skin changes, paying attention to the possibility of rare dermatoses. Difficulties in diagnosing such diseases are largely due not only to the low frequency of occurrence in the practice of a dermatologist, but also to the sometimes-untimely treatment of patients due to the lack of subjective sensations, especially when the rashes are located in places inaccessible for self-examination. At the same time, despite the fact that the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of anetoderma remain unknown, a number of studies indicate the possibility of autoimmune diseases of the connective tissue, antiphospholipid syndrome and an increased risk of thromboembolic complications in such patients. This fact convincingly proves that the timely diagnosis of anetoderma not only makes it possible to form the correct approach to the management of such patients, but also to provide vigilance regarding the development of autoimmune pathology of the connective tissue.
Effect of the prenatal action of fulvestrant on the ovaries of the offspring of laboratory mice
Authors: Sulaymanova Rimma T.
Published: October 2021

Relevance. Fulvestrant is used for the treatment of breast cancer in combination with other drugs. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the prenatal action of fulvestrant on the ovaries of the offspring of laboratory mice. Materials and Methods. The experimental animals were divided into 4 groups: intact, control and 2 experimental, 5 animals in each group. Injections were administered to females after fertilization at the gestational stage E 11.5 once intramuscularly. In the control group (n=5), sterile castor oil was administered at a dose of 0.8 mcg/kg. In the first experimental group (n=5), an antiestrogen was introduced in the form of an oil solution of fulvestrant 0.08 ml 0.0005% at a dose of 20 mcg/kg. In the second group (n=5), an antiestrogen was introduced in the form of an oil solution of fulvestrant 0.4 ml 0.0005% at a dose of 100 mcg/kg. Results and Discussion . The study revealed that in the ovaries when the drug was administered at a dose of 20 mcg/kg (F-20), the number of primordial follicles was reduced. Accordingly, the number of follicles of subsequent generations decreased. With the introduction of the drug fulvestrant 100 mcg/kg (F-100) on the section of the ovary, sclerosis of the stromal component is observed, accompanied by a rearrangement of the vascular network with signs of atresia and cystic degeneration of the follicular epithelium in the secondary and tertiary follicles, formed cysts are observed in the ovarian parenchyma. Conclusion. The prenatal effect of the drug fulvestrant on the maternal body during pregnancy leads to persistent structural changes in the ovaries of the offspring, manifested in the late stages of ontogenesis, which, in turn, can lead to violations of reproductive function. The depth and scale of these changes are dose-dependent.
Morphological Peculiarities of Lexical Units of English Origin in Contemporary Russian Slang: Dictionary and Corpus Analyses
Authors: Lacková Marta
Published: October 2021

The paper deals with lexical units of English origin that have penetrated into contemporary Russian slang with the emphasis on their morphological features. The spread of these words in the Russian language provides a scientist with a linguistically challenging material since the English and Russian languages represent typologically diverse language systems. To begin with, the research focuses on the ratio of individual word classes within the studied material together with the representation of individual grammatical genders throughout. As nouns represent the most numerous group of the adapted lexemes, the main emphasis is put on their morphological adaptation into the Russian language, and at the same time, their most common morphological features are listed. The following traits belong to the marginal ones from the point of view of word classes: an Anglicism may be a component of several word classes and the here-studied Anglicisms only exceptionally do not keep their original categorial meanings. Additionally, they display differences in onomasiological categories across the studied field. Morphological features of Anglicisms in Russian slang are the combination of Russian and English morphological aspects of individual word classes. Furthermore, words borrowed from English acquire grammatical categories typical of their corresponding counterparts in the Russian language. As a final point, most Anglicisms in the Russian slang undergo conjugation and declination processes (98,5% of instances). The possible utilization of the research is noticeable in the areas of comparative and corpus linguistics and translatology when searching for equivalents of words in typologically different languages. What is more, its results are applicable in the methodology of teaching foreign languages. The whole linguistic material is investigated in the framework of the online dictionary of slang and the text corpus Russian Web 2011 (ruTenTen11) with the help of the search tool Sketch Engine. To reveal the complex sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic functioning of the Anglicisms in contemporary Russian slang, further research needs to be conducted.
English Career Terms Synonymy
Authors: Filyasova Yulia A.
Published: October 2021

Synonymy is a linguistic phenomenon which reflects the complexity of reality representation in a linguistic worldview. Terminological synonymy poses certain difficulties for specialists who perform practical tasks in application areas such as translation and education. Career development , career advancement , career growth , career progression , career progress , career enhancement are among the most frequently used terms with similar semantics which indicates a certain degree of indefiniteness in the terminology in the correspondent professional field. The aim of this paper is to conduct comparative linguistic analysis of these terms. The material is presented by research article titles from eight scientific databases. Methods include quantitative and qualitative study of frequency, semantic fields by semantically related concepts, keywords, syntagmatic collocability and componential analysis. The results show that career development can be currently considered a hyperonym as it is the most frequent and time-proved term with the widest semantic coverage and indication to professional spheres in the dictionaries. Despite its obvious prevalence, career advancement , career progression , career growth and career progress are gaining momentum as alternative terms highlighting a lack of important semantic nuances in career development . Though the general number of career advancement and career progression across research papers is considerably lower, their presence in article titles is almost the same as that of career development . Title is arguably the most demonstrative part of a research paper; therefore, it can be presumed that the career terms might acquire lexical meanings which will clearly differentiate vertical career growth from horizontal organizational movement.
Russia’s Future Metaphorical Images in the Context of Constitutional Reform of 2020 as Exemplified in French Media
Authors: Zaripov Ruslan I.
Published: October 2021

The Russias image perception in the world always provokes professional interest in different fields of humanities. One of topical and efficient linguistic research directions of Russias image in different linguistic sections of discourse of mass-media is a metaphorical modelling method based on cognitive (cognitive and discursive) experience of referents structuring. The analysis of Russian linguists studies of the beginning of XXI century on metaphorical image of Russia in Western media outlets shows that metaphorical models being formed are usually stereotyped, standard and copy each other. However, the Russias future image remains unstudied and becomes topical for scientists of our country and general public in the context of a geopolitical confrontation and a constant informational warfare. Important internal political process in the beginning of 2020 in the Russian Federation and, in particular, the renewal of its Constitution, carrying socialized and patriotic amendments, provoked an active reaction of French media, that interpreted these events preconceived and misrepresented. Thus, the Russias future image reconstruction, represented by numerous metaphorical usages in French discourse of mass-media allows determining main conceptual aims as to our country, being broadcast persuasively and suggestively to the audience. To determine cognitive (cognitive and discursive) regularities of the Russias future image representation in French discourse of mass-media. The research methodology is formed on the metaphorical modelling theory and based on achievements of discourse analysis and some representatives of the cultural and cognitive linguistics. Methods of modelling, contextual, cognitive and discursive analysis as well as elements of componential analysis are used. The research is based on more than 100 texts of French leading media outlets (Le Monde, LExpress, Le Point, RFI, Libration, Le Nouvel Observateur etc.). The research revealed elements of the number of the Russias future metaphorical models such as: THE RUSSIAS FUTURE IS THE PAST / USSR / SENILITY / DECLINE; THE RUSSIAS FUTURE IS THE ABSOLUTE MONARCHY / RESTRICTED SPACE / FORTIFIED DEFENSE FACILITY. In the context of the Russias Constitution renewal its image of future is formed on exclusively negative metaphorical expressions. The analysis of metaphorical expressions in French discourse of mass-media related to spheres Russia and Russias future shows, that western political elite forms pejorative images of Russia as non-democratic state without future and doomed to extinction.
“Russian Bear” in the Spanish-Language Media Discourse
Authors: Kleshchenko Liudmila L.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the role of the bear metaphor in the Spanish-language political discourse. The relevance of the study is due, firstly, to the intensification of cooperation between Russia and Latin American countries, the effectiveness of which can be influenced by stereotypes and political symbols. Secondly, the growing popularity of the use of zoomorphic metaphors by the mass media. One of the unofficial symbols of Russia, which is often addressed by both traditional media and social media, is the bear. The Russian Bear metaphor is now widely used in both Russian and foreign periodicals and cartoons. The purpose of this research is to identify the specifics of the representation of the image of Russia as a bear in the Ibero-American political mass-media discourse. The source for the analysis is a Spanish-language media discourse (cases: the 2014 Ukrainian crisis, the Venezuelan crisis, Russias military operation in Syria, Russias interference in the elections in Mexico). The scientific novelty of the study is that for the first time in the Russian-language scientific literature, the features of the use of the bear metaphor by Latin American media and social media are examined. The author concludes that the metaphor Russian Bear is used both in the internal political symbolic struggle and in the foreign policy discourse. The specifics of the use of the bear metaphor in Latin America are mainly determined by political orientations: for example, the left traditionally considers Russia as an ally, appealing to such meanings of the bear metaphor as strength, justice, and the ability to become a defender against aggressors. In turn, their opponents use a bear metaphor to label left-wing politicians as traitors to the national interest. In this context, the image of a Bear serves as a symbolic border guard. The bear metaphor can be used to create an image of an ally and defender, as well as an enemy. The Ibero-American media turn to the bear metaphor mainly in the headlines and subheadings of materials devoted to Russian foreign policy, which allows them to draw readers attention to the topic under consideration.
The Structure of the Dictionary Entry of the Educational Linguoculturological Dictionary of Russian Paremias Against the Backdrop of Chinese Language Equivalents: Description Problems
Authors: Yakimenko Nadezhda Ye. , Qiu Xueying
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the description of structure and content peculiarities of the dictionary entry of the educational linguoculturological dictionary. The originality of the research concerns the development of the structure and semantics of the dictionary entry of the educational linguoculturological dictionary of paremias representing the concept of BUSINESS in the Russian language. The description takes into account semantic gaps of the culture that the dictionary is focused on. In this article attention is paid to cultural mental attitudes, which are expressed by Russian and Chinese language paremias. Which is why cultural settings were the subject of a linguoculturological description and were offered as one of the main parameters of the educational dictionary. It is the mental attitudes of culture that have become the subject of linguoculturological description and we offer them as one of the main elements of the educational dictionary. The object of the study is the paremias of the two languages that characterize the concepts of business, work, labor, and craft. The aim of the study is to identify and describe the general and national-specific mental attitudes of culture and their representation in the educational linguoculturological dictionary. Russian and Chinese dictionaries of paremias (e.g. the Big Dictionary of Russian Proverbs, V.M. Mokienko, T.G. Nikitina, E.K. Nikolaeva, collection of proverbs by A.I. Dal, Big Dictionary of Chinese Proverbs by Wen Duanzheng) served as the sources of the material. The analysis of bilingual linguoculturological dictionaries is carried out, which helps to identify the basic principles of constructing a dictionary article, and a model of a dictionary article of a linguoculturological educational dictionary aimed at native speakers of the Chinese language is proposed. The creation of the educational linguoculturological dictionaries will help improve the process of intercultural communication.
Topical Trends of Modern Linguistics with the Positions of the Systemic Approach. Some Thoughts on the Results of a Scientific Internship at RUDN University “General and Specialized Methodology of Philological Science”, 2019
Authors: Valentinova Olga I. , Denisenko Vladimir N. , Rybakov Mikhail A.
Published: October 2021

The article describes disputes about current issues of the modern scientific paradigm from the standpoint of systemic linguistics, whose powerful explanatory potential remains beyond the scope of the mass trends of linguistic science, and the formulation of new scientific issues as a result of a fruitful extrapolation of the systemic approach to the fields of philology that are not considered by the founders of systemic linguistics. In the first part of the article we considered differences in understanding the object, subject and method in Russian and foreign cognitive linguistics, leading to the loss of the international nature of linguistics, discussion of extremely painful issues for the Russian cognitive science about the cognitive futility of the term concept and the application of the cognitive approach in the study of discourse and text, violation of the continuity between the highest achievements of Russian and foreign scientific thought and the popular modern areas of linguistic research. Further in the article, the standpoint of a systemic typology is applied to the active processes of modern Russian speech. In the light of the approach taken, the facts that seem disparate from the standpoint of the culture of speech, from the standpoint of the systemic typology of languages, appear interconnected and determined by a general tendency - the deformation of the morphological type of the Russian language in the direction of the destruction of inflectivity. The result of the observed typological changes is the reduction in the possibility transfer highly intellectual meanings. An explanation of the principles of the organization of poetic speech in relation to the systemic typology of languages is an example how successfully S.Yu. Preobrazhensky applied the theory of the founder of modern systemic linguistics in the field which is far from interests of G.P. Melnikov. If the coincidence of the boundaries of the verse with the boundaries of the phrase within the sentence means the prevalence of the natural, that is, characteristic of the type of natural language in which the poem is written, principle of division, then the mismatch of boundaries speaks of a poetic technique that seeks to emphasize that the poetic statement is called upon to perform special communicative tasks leading to reconfiguring poetic syntax to other types of languages. The prospects of updating the systemic approach in modern semantic studies of grammar and vocabulary are discussed in the fourth and final part. The obtained results, which are set out in the article become the evidence base of the high potential for using the achievements of systemic linguistics in modern research practices.
STUDY OF MAKING POLYESTER RESIN MATRIX COMPOSITES USING BASALT SCORIA POWDER FILLERS TO TENSILE STRENGTH AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
Authors: Birawidha David Candra , Isnugroho Kusno , Hendronursito Yusup , Amin Muhammad , Al Muttaqii Muhammad
Published: October 2021

An experimental study on the manufacture of polyester resin matrix composites using basalt powder as a reinforcing filler has been carried out. Basalt is a volcanic igneous rock often found in East Lampung and has not been utilised. Basalt is chosen as a reinforcing filler because basalt has advantages such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, resistance to chemical reactions, and high hardness. The research parameters used were variations in the size of the basalt powder, the composition of the polyester resin matrix to the basalt powder, and the percentage of the catalyst. All parameters were mixed according to the research procedure, and all samples were formed under pressure 20 kN. Tensile test results showed the highest value of 0.961 kgf/mm2 from 60 mesh-25% polyester-1/30 catalyst variation parameter. The highest compressive strength value of 28.331 kgf/mm2 was obtained from the various parameters of 270 mesh-20% polyester-1/20 catalyst and 270 mesh-25% polyester-1/30 catalyst. The results were not much different from those, which is 27.787 kgf/mm2. The use of 1/30 hardener catalyst to the amount of polymer by 25 %wt gives optimal results on the characterisation material testing. However, the effect of the filler grain size gave different results for each test carried out. Therefore, to obtain the desired mechanical properties when using basalt rock powder as a filler, it is necessary to pay attention to the correct grain size.
THE ABILITY OF THE CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION TO CONTROL THE ENGINE AT MAXIMUM POWER: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Ariyono Sugeng , Supriyo Bambang , Feriadi Indra , Harahab Dedy Ramdhani , Abu Husain Nurul Akmar Akmar
Published: October 2021

Good ride performance is one of the most important key attributes of a passenger vehicle. One of the methods to achieve this is by using Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT). This is because a CVT can provide an almost infinite ratio within its limits smoothly and continuously. The flexibility of a CVT allows the driving shaft to maintain a constant angular velocity over a range of output velocities. New developments in gear reduction and manufacturing have led to ever more robust CVTs, allowing them to be applied in more diverse automotive applications. As CVT development continues, costs will be reduced further, and the performance will continue to improve, making further development and application of the CVT technology desirable. This cycle of improvement will offer CVT a solid foundation in the world's automotive infrastructure. This paper aims to provide some background and relevant information that is necessary for this study. Specifically, a brief description of CVT, advantages and their brief history is presented. This paper also evaluates the current state of CVT, investigate the technology frontline of drivetrain control and the development of CVT. The stepless transmission is able to maintain the engine running at its maximum power.