bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural weathering degradation studies of the poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3 hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)/paddy straw powder (PSP) biocomposites
Authors: Yaacob Noorulnajwa Diyana , Sung Ting Sam , Azizul Rashidi Athirah Marsya
Published: May 2024

The effect of natural weathering exposure time on the poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3 hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)/paddy straw powder (PSP) biocomposites was studied. These biocomposites were naturally exposed to tropical climate weathering conditions in Perlis, Malaysia for 6 months. Tensile test, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were applied to investigate the degradation that happened during natural weathering of the biocomposites. Tensile tests indicated that the weathered PHBV/PSP biocomposites caused lower ultimate strength and elongation to break, but increased the modulus of elasticity. As the exposure time prolonged to 6 months, the concentration of O-H groups became pronounced, indicating severe deterioration of the biocomposites. With a carbonyl chromophoric group in its structure, PHBV can absorb UV radiation directly, which could lead to reactions of Norrish forms I and II. Generally, the addition of PSP has increased the degradability of PHBV. Besides, the exposed PHBV/PSP biocomposite surfaces have undergone surface crazing upon weathering. The surface of the PHBV without the addition of the PSP did not show any crack and fungus colonisation. The higher PSP content loaded in the biocomposites (i.e. 20 wt. %) caused more fungi colonisation, resulting in larger cracks and pores formed on the surface of the samples.
Experiences of Women Receiving Trauma-Informed Care: A Qualitative Systematic Review
Authors: Liu Verity Chandelle , Nelson LaRon E. , Shorey Shefaly
Published: May 2024

Exposure to trauma elevates the risk of illness in women, resulting in increased healthcare costs. The trauma-informed care approach seeks to enhance patient engagement and promote more effective recovery for those with a history of psychological trauma. This qualitative systematic review aims to synthesize evidence related to the experiences of women receiving trauma-informed care using Sandelowski and Barroso’s two-step approach for qualitative research synthesis. A comprehensive search was conducted across 10 electronic databases from their inception until September 2023, coupled with an extensive bibliography search of relevant studies and reviews. In total, eleven studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected: qualitative peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed studies in English with findings on the experiences of adult heterosexual women aged 19 to 64 years old who underwent various trauma-informed psychosocial interventions. From these studies, four main themes emerged, elucidating women’s experiences as they engage with trauma-informed care: (a) Readiness to seek healing; (b) Healthcare providers: Extending the first hand; (c) An empowering paradigm shift; and (d) Better days ahead. Our major findings emphasize the importance of healthcare providers demonstrating sensitivity to trauma and culture, adopting a gender-sensitive approach, and taking a proactive stance in initiating discussions about trauma. Moreover, allocating more time for consultations, with an increased focus on building an initial rapport to ensure women’s comfort, is also vital. The review further underscores the benefits of group sessions in aiding women’s recovery from trauma. Ultimately, this review holds substantial implications for shaping future practices, emphasizing the critical necessity of personalized treatment plans.
Help-Seeking Among Children Impacted by Commercial Sexual Exploitation: A Scoping Review
Authors: O’Brien Jennifer E. , McKinney Kate , Martin Lauren , Jones Lisa M.
Published: May 2024

This scoping review aims to summarize current research on help-seeking behaviors and patterns among children who have experienced commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) victimization and/or are at high risk of exploitation. Because the literature on help-seeking specific to CSEC victimization is limited, the current review was expanded to summarize findings from help-seeking research for children who have experienced harms that often co-occur with CSEC, such as maltreatment and homelessness. The authors searched three large article databases (PsycInfo, Ovid MEDLINE, and Web of Science) for articles that were (a) empirical; (b) measured or used the term “help-seeking” in their framing and/or results; (c) included children between the ages of 12 and 18; (d) primarily focused on children from the United States; (e) published in English. Ultimately, 22 articles met all inclusion criteria and were included in the final review. Results suggest that cisgender white females are the most likely to seek help, followed by sexual and gender minority children. Cisgender male children were the least likely to engage in help-seeking behaviors. Universally, children were more likely to engage in informal help-seeking rather than formal help-seeking, with younger children being more likely to reach out to parents and older children more likely to reach out to friends. Importantly, ethnically diverse children were under-represented, leading to limited information about how and why these children seek help. Implications for help-seeking by children impacted by commercial sexual exploitation are discussed, providing guidance for programming and research related to CSEC prevention.
The Nolan Index: An R Program for Calculating List Resemblances
Authors: Robbins Michael C. , Li Zhuping (Zoe)
Published: May 2024

The Nolan Index (NI) is a normed, quantitative measure for comparing the degree of resemblance (similarity or dissimilarity) between free listings with an Excel program for calculating it. This article enhances that effort with the addition of an R program and additional applications. Free-list resemblance measures have been used to investigate and compare historical and cultural connections, ecological relationships, cultural item utilities, practices, knowledge, and values both within and between various groups. Their utility for cultural domain analysis and the theory of cognitive cultural models is also considered.
Detection of Muscularis propria Invasion in Urothelial Carcinoma Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Fahoum Ibrahim , Naamneh Rabab , Silberberg Keren , Hagege Rami , Hershkovitz Dov
Published: May 2024

Background & Objective: Assessment of muscularis propria invasion is a crucial step in the management of urothelial carcinoma since it necessitates aggressive treatment. The diagnosis of muscle invasion is a challenging process for pathologists. Artificial intelligence is developing rapidly and being implemented in various fields of pathology. The purpose of this study was to develop an algorithm for the detection of muscularis propria invasion in urothelial carcinoma. Methods: The Training cohort consisted of 925 images from 50 specimens of urothelial carcinoma. Ninety-seven images from 10 new specimens were used as a validation cohort. Clinical validation used 127 whole specimens with a total of 617 slides. The algorithm determined areas where tumor and muscularis propria events were in nearest proximity, and presented these areas to the pathologist. Results: Analytical evaluation showed a sensitivity of 72% for muscularis propria and 65% for tumor, and a specificity of 46% and 77% for muscularis propria and tumor detection, respectively. The incorporation of the spatial proximity factor between muscularis propria and tumor in the clinical validation significantly improved the detection of muscularis propria invasion, as the algorithm managed to identify all except for one case with muscle invasive bladder cancer in the clinical validation cohort. The case missed by the algorithm was nested urothelial carcinoma, a rare subtype with unusual morphologic features. The pathologist managed to identify muscle invasion based on the images provided by the algorithm in a short time, with an average of approximately 5 s. Conclusion: The algorithm we developed may greatly aid in accurate identification of muscularis propria invasion by imitating the thought process of the pathologist.
Understanding Academic and Athletic Transfer Patterns for Latina/o College Athletes
Authors: Ortega Guillermo
Published: May 2024

Using the Student Athlete Climate Dataset, this paper examined factors associated with Latina/o college athletes’ intent to transfer for academic and athletic reasons. This study offers insight regarding how gender, NCAA Division, and geographic location can influence Latina/o college athletes’ decision to transfer. In addition, the roles of faculty members and head coaches were significant in Latina/o college athletes’ intent to transfer for athletic reasons.
Catherine Bauer’s Passage Through India: Frontier Urbanization and the Construction of ‘Interdisciplinary’ Urban Research at the College of Environmental Design, Berkeley
Authors: Oommen Thomas
Published: May 2024

This article examines the work of Catherine Bauer from 1953 to 1963, an overlooked period in her life, when she engaged with questions of ‘Indian urbanization’ alongside the formation of an urban research institute in India. Her unique interdisciplinary vision for planning research and practice in this period was co-produced through her concurrent work on California and resulted in multiple reports on Californian urbanization as well as a seminar and book on Indian urbanization. The institute in India did not materialize; however, in 1962 an urban institute was set up in the newly formed College of Environmental Design at Berkeley.
Generic entry and effect of market competition on outpatient pharmacy drug prices
Authors: Jamjoom Mohammed , Almutairi Reem D , Seoane-Vazquez Enrique , Brown Lawrence M , Burnham Terence , Rakovski Cyril , Rodriguez-Monguio Rosa
Published: May 2024

This study assessed the impact of generic drug market competition on prices, accessibility, and savings. It analyzed delays in generic drug market entry and the effect of competition on the price trends of outpatient pharmacy drugs facing generic competition from 2013 to 2018. Data were extracted from the FDA website, including a list of new generic drugs, and from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, including National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC) and Average Manufacturer Price (AMP). Descriptive and time-series analyses were conducted. On average, generic drugs entered the market 8.4 months after FDA approval and 16.6 years after the initial FDA approval of the brand-name drugs. The median NADAC price of generic drugs was 65.7% of the brand-name drugs’ price at market entry and decreased to 26.0% after three years. The median brand-name drug NADAC price increased by 1.0% per month before generic entry, remained stable during the generic entry period, and increased by 0.4% per month afterwards. Generic competition not only lowered drug prices but also influenced brand-name drug price trends both before and after generic entry. The price reductions from generic competition exceeded previous estimates that only compared prices at the time of generic market entry.
Accelerometry-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns using single- and multi-component latent class analysis among postmenopausal women
Authors: Evenson Kelly R , Wen Fang , Di Chongzhi , Kebede Michael , LaMonte Michael J , Lee I-Min , Tinker Lesley Fels , LaCroix Andrea Z , Howard Annie Green
Published: May 2024

Background:

Patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior among postmenopausal women are not well characterized.

Objectives:

To describe the patterns of accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior among postmenopausal women.

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Methods:

Women 63–97 years (n = 6126) wore an ActiGraph GT3X + accelerometer on their hip for 1 week. Latent class analysis was used to classify women by patterns of percent of wake time in physical activity and sedentary behavior over the week.

Results:

On average, participants spent two-thirds of their day in sedentary behavior (62.3%), 21.1% in light low, 11.0% in light high, and 5.6% in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Five classes emerged for each single-component model for sedentary behavior and light low, light high, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Six classes emerged for the multi-component model that simultaneously considered the four behaviors together.

Conclusion:

Unique profiles were identified in both single- and multi-component models that can provide new insights into habitual patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior among postmenopausal women.

Implications:

The multi-component approach can contribute to refining public health guidelines that integrate recommendations for both enhancing age-appropriate physical activity levels and reducing time spent in sedentary behavior.
Treatment for intracerebral hemorrhage: Dawn of a new era
Authors: Seiffge David J , Anderson Craig S
Published: May 2024

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease, causing high rates of death, disability, and suffering across the world. For decades, its treatment has been shrouded by the lack of reliable evidence, and consequently, the presumption that an effective treatment is unlikely to be found. Neutral results arising from several major randomized controlled trials had established a negative spirit within and outside the stroke community. Frustration among researchers and a sense of nihilism in clinicians has created the general perception that patients presenting with ICH have a poor prognosis irrespective of them receiving any form of active management. All this changed in 2023 with the positive results on the primary outcome in randomized controlled trials showing treatment benefits for a hyperacute care bundle approach (INTERACT3), early minimal invasive hematoma evacuation (ENRICH), and use of factor Xa-inhibitor anticoagulation reversal with andexanet alfa (ANNEXa-I). These advances have now been extended in 2024 by confirmation that intensive blood pressure lowering initiated within the first few hours of the onset of symptoms can substantially improve outcome in ICH (INTERACT4) and that decompressive hemicraniectomy is a viable treatment strategy in patients with large deep ICH (SWITCH). This evidence will spearhead a change in the perception of ICH, to revolutionize the care of these patients to ultimately improve their outcomes. We review these and other recent developments in the hyperacute management of ICH. We summarize the results of randomized controlled trials and discuss related original research papers published in this issue of the International Journal of Stroke. These exciting advances demonstrate how we are now at the dawn of a new, exciting, and brighter era of ICH management.
Constructing the tellability of intergenerational memory narratives in collective remembering in StoryCorps, a digital memory-sharing platform
Authors: Fodor Mónika
Published: May 2024

In the present contribution, I explore how telling intergenerational memory episodes ensures the narrative tellability and memorability of autobiographical memories in StoryCorps, a digital memory-sharing platform and archive. I first pinpoint the structural and conceptual connections between narrative and autobiographical, intergenerational, and collective memory, highlighting the possible effects of digitalization and archiving on narrative structure. Then, I analyze four autobiographical stories with intergenerational family memories from the StoryCorps database to demonstrate how the storyteller constructs tellability and memorability by strategically centering the intergenerational memory episode. I conclude that sharing individual memories on digital storytelling platforms accomplishes complex identity work for two reasons. First, it facilitates the narrative transformation of these remembered events into digitally mediated collective memory. Second, storytelling becomes a source of agency and cultural responsibility. With its focused analysis of digitalized private memories, the article contributes to understanding how digital storytelling and memory-sharing mediate mnemonic practices by recording, storing, editing, and sharing autobiographical memory narratives for undetermined audiences in an indefinite time frame.
Rescue treatment with add-on efgartigimod in a patient with impending myasthenic crisis: a case report
Authors: Zhang Zhouao , Yang Mingjin , Luo Tiancheng , Du Xue , Wang Zhouyi , Huang Xiaoyu , Zhang Yong
Published: May 2024

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by fluctuating muscle weakness. Severe patients may develop life-threatening respiratory failure and experience crisis. Plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is the first-line treatment option for myasthenia crisis, but some patients still poorly respond to them. Here, we first reported a generalized MG patient from China who was in a state of impending myasthenic crisis and did not respond effectively to IVIg but was successfully rescued by add-on efgartigimod. Especially, we also detected meaningful changes in T-cell and B-cell subsets after efgartigimod, promoting a potential role of efgartigimod in re-establishing immune homeostasis.
Psychological capital of Chinese employees: Investigating its measurement and latent profiles
Authors: Song Lili , Zhou Yueyue , Zheng Jiewen , Wang Yong , Li Hao , Feng Xianran
Published: May 2024

In order to validate the 12-item Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-12) and investigate the latent profiles of psychological capital (PsyCap) in Chinese employees, we conducted two studies. In Study 1, we systematically evaluated the psychometric properties of the PCQ-12 among a sample of 755 Chinese employees. The results showed that the PCQ-12 is a reliable and valid tool for measuring Chinese employees’ PsyCap and that it is superior to the 24-item Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-24). In Study 2, the validated PCQ-12 in Study 1 was used to measure the PsyCap of 1,349 Chinese employees from various organizations and industries, and a person-centered analytic approach was adopted to investigate the latent profiles of PsyCap. The results revealed four distinct profiles with the four components (i.e., efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience) of PsyCap at similar levels, that is, low, low/moderate, high/moderate, and high. These profiles significantly differ in work outcomes, with the employees in the High PsyCap profile exhibiting the highest levels of work engagement and job satisfaction and the lowest levels of turnover intention, while employees in the Low PsyCap profile exhibit the opposite. Our research demonstrated that the PCQ-12 is a valid and convenient instrument to measure Chinese employees’ PsyCap and offers a fine-grained portrait of their PsyCap in Chinese culture. Moreover, the quantitatively distinct PsyCap profiles found in our research support the unitary structure of PsyCap with its four components converging into an underlying positive capacity and emphasize the synergistic effects of the four components on work outcomes, which informs the current debate over PsyCap and enriches the existing PsyCap literature, thus further shedding light on managerial practice.
Enhancing the Professional Skills of Future Biologists Through Laboratory Training
Authors: Digarbayeva Assem , Kaliyeva Anar , Batayeva Dariga , Bakirova Kulzhakhan , Koksal Ela Aisha
Published: May 2024

The development of professional skills is essential for biology students to be successful in their future careers. However, current teaching approaches often fail to provide adequate training. The aim of this theory to practice study was to develop an effective methodology for improving the professional skills of biology students through laboratory work. Theoretical and diagnostic methods, mathematical statistics, empirical methods, and a questionnaire were used. The results showed a significant increase in competencies after the laboratory training intervention. Students demonstrated significant improvements in technical skills, critical thinking, teamwork, and communication. In conclusion, structured practical laboratory training shows promise for enhancing the professional capabilities of aspiring biologists. The practical value of this study is to develop work skills, independent decision-making ability, and professional skills, in line with the requirements of modern scientific community.
Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmosis Injuries in the National Football League (NFL): A Spectrum of Pathology That Correlates With Time to Return to Full Participation
Authors: Kuhn Andrew W. , Coughlin Michael J. , McGonegle Shane J. , Herzog Mackenzie M. , Weir Nate , Meade Spratley E. , O’Cain Cody M. , Anderson Robert B.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Studies routinely evaluate high ankle sprains in isolation, but recent data suggest that these injuries are often associated with concomitant pathology, potentially influencing return to full participation.

Hypothesis:

In National Football League (NFL) players, isolated high ankle sprains are rare and syndesmosis injuries with concomitant pathology will result in increased time to return to full participation.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

Distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries sustained by NFL players between 2017 and 2019 were identified through NFL Injury Surveillance Database queries and verified with video analysis. Each injury underwent a comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) review. Regression modeling was utilized to explore the influence of numerous imaging findings on time to return to full participation.

Results:

There were 83 external rotation ankle injuries involving the syndesmosis. Isolated distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries were rare (n = 11; 13%) and more often associated with other ligamentous injury (deltoid ligament and lateral ligamentous complex) and/or fractures. Regression modeling resulted in clustering of 3 injury pattern groups for time to return to full participation across numerous imaging findings: syndesmosis injury-fracture combinations (250 days [interquartile range [IQR,] 142-266 days]), syndesmosis injury with complete deep deltoid tear or acute diastasis (175 days [IQR, 20-248 days]), and all other syndesmosis injuries (27 days [IQR, 18-46 days]).

Conclusion:

In NFL athletes with external rotation ankle injuries, isolated distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries were rare and more often associated with concomitant pathology. Time to return to full participation was affected by an associated fracture and complete deep deltoid ligament tear or diastasis but no other relevant MRI variables such as lateral ligament complex involvement or the presence of osteochondral lesions or bone contusions.
Revolutionizing digestive system tumor organoids research: Exploring the potential of tumor organoids
Authors: Xiu Zhian , Yang Qian , Xie Fusheng , Han Feng , He Weiwei , Liao Weifang
Published: May 2024

Digestive system tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite ongoing research, our understanding of their mechanisms and treatment remain inadequate. One promising tool for clinical applications is the use of gastrointestinal tract tumor organoids, which serve as an important in vitro model. Tumor organoids exhibit a genotype similar to the patient’s tumor and effectively mimic various biological processes, including tissue renewal, stem cell, and ecological niche functions, and tissue response to drugs, mutations, or injury. As such, they are valuable for drug screening, developing novel drugs, assessing patient outcomes, and supporting immunotherapy. In addition, innovative materials and techniques can be used to optimize tumor organoid culture systems. Several applications of digestive system tumor organoids have been described and have shown promising results in related aspects. In this review, we discuss the current progress, limitations, and prospects of this model for digestive system tumors.
Unintended and ectopic pregnancy in woman with iud translocation with history of two times previous cesarean section and history of spontaneous abortion: Case report
Authors: Marlina Dina , Sutrisno  , Tjandraprawira Kevin , Aziz Muhammad Alamsyah
Published: May 2024

Intrauterine device is a widely used contraceptive method. However, it may translocate to other sites within the pelvic cavity, including the intestines and the bladder. This contraceptive method has failure rate between 1 and 3 out of 100 women/year. The use of intrauterine device also slightly increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy upon its failure. The combination of intrauterine device translocation and contraceptive failure is rare. We present such a case. A 29-year-old woman (Gravida 4, Para 2) presented with a complaint of abdominal pain and presence of blood spotting over the last 7 h. She tested positive for pregnancy. Upon arrival, her vital signs were normal, but she was moderately obese with a body mass index (BMI) of 38.8 kg/m2. She displayed tenderness during abdominal examination and cervical motion tenderness. Her blood test results showed no significant abnormalities. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a translocated part of intrauterine device to the cervix and transvaginal ultrasound confirmed the presence of a hypoechoic complex structure in the left adnexa, measuring 53 mm, alongside free fluid in Morrison’s pouch. An emergency laparotomy was performed, revealing a normal uterus and a ruptured left fallopian tube with approximately 800 cc of blood in the abdomen.
Sleep effects of psychological therapies for menopausal symptoms in women with hot flashes and night sweats: A systematic review
Authors: Carmona Nicole E , Starick Elisha , Millett Geneva E , Green Sheryl M , Carney Colleen E
Published: May 2024

Sleep disturbance is frequently reported by women during the menopausal transition due to various physiological changes and environmental factors. Insomnia is a critical treatment target for its deleterious effects on daytime functioning and quality of life and increased risk of developing a depressive disorder. Due to medication side effects and patient preferences, there is increased interest in the use of psychological treatments that address the myriad of menopausal symptoms, including cognitive-behavioural therapy, clinical hypnosis and mindfulness-based therapies. The objective of this article is to review the effects of psychological treatments for menopausal symptoms on sleep disturbance in peri-/postmenopausal women. We conducted a systematic review of the literature using PubMed and reference lists from inception until May 2023, including 12 studies that evaluated sleep as a secondary outcome. Most studies found that group and self-help (guided and unguided) cognitive-behavioural therapies and clinical hypnosis for menopausal symptoms have positive effects on sleep among women with significant vasomotor symptoms. There was preliminary support for mindfulness-based stress reduction. Future research including more diverse samples and women with sleep disorders is needed. Evaluating the implementation of psychological therapies in clinics where menopausal women seek care is an important next step.
Associations between perceived usefulness and willingness to use smart healthcare devices among Chinese older adults: The multiple mediating effect of technology interactivity and technology anxiety
Authors: Sun Sheng , Jiang Lan , Zhou Yue
Published: May 2024

Objective

This study aims to explore the mediating roles of technological interactivity and technological anxiety in the relationship between perceived usefulness and the willingness to use a smart health device to provide insight into the decision-making process of older adults in relation to the adoption of smart devices.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Jiangsu, China involving 552 older adults. The study utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the relationship between the independent variable ‘perceived usefulness’ and the dependent variable ‘willingness to use.’ It also examined the multiple mediating effects of technological interactivity and technological anxiety between the independent and dependent variables.

Results

The results indicate that the direct effect of perceived usefulness on willingness to use was insignificant. However, technological interactivity completely mediated the relationship between perceived usefulness and willingness to use. Additionally, technological interactivity and technological anxiety were found to have a serial mediating effect on the impact of perceived usefulness on willingness to use smart healthcare devices.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that increasing older adults’ intention to use smart healthcare devices requires not only raising awareness of their usefulness, but also addressing technological anxiety and enhancing the interactivity of these devices to improve the overall user experience.
Assessment of the online presence and regulatory compliance of dental practice websites in France
Authors: Pollet Aude , Diakonoff Hadrien
Published: May 2024

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the online presence of French dental practices that have a professional website. Secondly, the degree of compliance of practices’ websites with the current regulatory framework was assessed.

Methods

Open data was used to identify a 5% random sample of private dental practices in France ( n = 1370 facilities). Then, a manual search was made on Google to find the website for each practice. When found, the website was analyzed using criteria.

Results

Only 25.9% of dental practices have a functional and referenced website, allowing 28.9% of the dentists in the sample to have an online presence. Disparities exist depending on the geographical location of the facility and its type. The assessment of website content uncovered a lack of compliance with the existing regulatory framework, exhibiting variations based on the type of facility and the person who designed the website. Hiring a specialized web design provider for dentists enhances compliance with laws and guidelines, though it doesn't guarantee complete adherence.

Conclusions

The online presence of dental practices and dentists in France is limited. Where they do exist, dental practice websites generally do not comply with legal requirements and guidelines for online communication. Efforts should be made to improve the information provided to patients.
Is information evaluated subjectively? Social media has changed the way users search for medical information
Authors: Yi Shiqi , Guo Yu , Lin Zixuan , Cao Cong
Published: May 2024

Objective

In recent years, social media platforms, such as TikTok and RedBook, have emerged as important channels through which users access and share medical information. Additionally, an increasing number of healthcare professionals have created social media accounts through which to disseminate medical knowledge. This paper explores why users obtain their medical information from social media and how the signals transmitted by social platforms affect use behaviours.

Methods

We combined the elaboration likelihood model and signal theories to construct a comprehensive model for this study. We used simple random sampling to investigate users’ behaviours related to social media usage. A total of 351 valid questionnaires were completed by people in Mainland China. The participants were enthusiastic about social media platforms and had searched for health-related information on social media in the past three months. We analysed the data using partial least squares structural equation modelling to investigate the influence of two pathways and two signals (objective and subjective judgement pathways and positive and negative signals) on social media use behaviours.

Results

When seeking medical information on social media, users tend to rely on subjective judgment rather than objective judgment, although both are influential. Furthermore, in the current era, in which marketing methods involving big data algorithms and artificial intelligence prevail, negative signals, such as information overload, have a more pronounced impact than positive signals.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that the subjective judgment path has a greater impact on users than the objective judgment path. Platforms are encouraged to focus more on users’ emotional needs. The paper also discusses the negative impact of information overload on users, sounding an alarm for enterprises to control their use of homogeneous information resulting from the excessive use of big data algorithms.
Interrelationship Between Entrepreneurial Alertness and Intention Among University Students: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Zhou (周淑怡) Shuyi , Mei (梅伟惠) Weihui
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Based on the theory of planned behavior and social cognitive theory, this study investigates the relationship between entrepreneurial alertness (EA) and entrepreneurial intention (EI) through the mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and the moderating role of entrepreneurial climate (EC) in the “triple disruptions” of pandemic, Industry 4.0, and innovative technology.

Design/Approach/Methods

This study collected data from 717 Chinese university students and adopted a moderated mediation model to verify the proposed construct. All data were acquired online via Wenjuanxing software and analyzed with SPSS and SmartPLS.

Findings

Results show that (1) EA, ESE, and EC are significant predictors of EI; (2) ESE partially mediates the relationship between EA and EI; and (3) EC moderates the relationship between ESE and EI.

Originality/Value

The originality of this study lies in its use of an inner- and outer-moderator framework to examine student entrepreneurial intentions. The results of this study demonstrate that EA, ESE, and EC are crucial determinants of EI among Chinese university students. These findings of this study have empirical implications for governments, universities, and individuals insofar as they can be used to enhance students’ ability to recognize entrepreneurial opportunities, foster ESE, create ECs, and facilitate EI by offering multiple entrepreneurship-related resources.
Influence of Community Attachment and Personal Benefit on Residents’ Support for Tourism Activities in Emerging Island Destinations: The Case of Cape Verde
Authors: Fernandes Neves Barbosa Josiane , Gutiérrez Taño Desiderio , García Rodríguez Francisco J.
Published: May 2024

Tourism has become an essential activity for the economies of developing island destinations. Few studies have focused on the influence of community attachment and personal benefits on residents’ perceptions of impacts and support for tourism in these areas. Moreover, many previous studies have yielded ambivalent results on the role of community attachment. In the present study, based on social exchange theory, we tested a theoretical model that analyses these aspects in a socio-economic context such as the Cape Verde archipelago with a strong impact of emigration, where community attachment or the personal benefits produced by tourism can help explain the level of residents’ support. Quantitative research was carried out through a survey of residents and 518 valid responses were obtained. The model was tested using structural equations with PLS. The results suggest that personal benefits influence both directly and indirectly, through perceptions of tourism impacts, and residents’ support for tourism. It is also found that community attachment influences residents’ perceptions of tourism impacts. Theoretical and practical implications of the results obtained are also discussed.
A Statistical Analysis on the Functional Changes of Dialect and Mandarin Chinese: A Diachronic Perspective
Authors: Yan Weizhi , Tao Xinran , Xu Xiaoyang , Dai Zhigang
Published: May 2024

The diachronic description method and statistical analysis are combined to detect time-varying growth and decline trends in Nanchang citizens’ verbal function from 2021 to 2022 and 2006 to 2007. Data reveal that the trends are significantly correlated with time, making the conclusion reliable. Mandarin is becoming more popular among Nanchang residents, and Nanchang dialect is used at an essentially fixed ratio, whereas the pragmatic proficiency degradation has gradually slowed, with the language attitude becoming increasingly affable. It is indicated that Nanchang citizens have generally acquired bilingual competence. Mandarin dominates daily communication, while the dialect is deteriorating at a decreasing rate.
Country of Product Origin as a Determinant Influencing Typology of Czech Consumers in the Beverages Market
Authors: Velčovská Šárka , Waliszewská Lucie
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to propose a typology of Czech consumers with respect to their attitudes toward the country of origin when purchasing beverages. Attention is paid to four commonly purchased beverage categories: beer, wine, tea and coffee. Using the Computer Assisted Web Interviewing method, the total number of fully completed questionnaires obtained was 396. The selection of respondents was determined by gender and age quotas. The measurement of attitudes involved utilizing a set of 22 statements concerning the beverage origin which were evaluated on a five-point scale. As confirmed by the research results, in each beverage category, the country of origin influences consumers’ purchasing decisions differently. When purchasing wine, Czech consumers most commonly verify the country from which it originates. The origin is also important to them when it comes to beer, with the strongest preference for beer produced in their own country. The country from which the beverage originates has a considerably lower importance for coffee and is the least important when buying tea. Based on respondents’ attitudes toward the country of beverage origin, four consumer segments were identified, namely “Experimenters,”“Picky consumers,”“Patriots,” and “Pro-European consumers.” Factor and cluster analysis were used for this purpose.
The Role of Financial Technology on the Nexus Between Demographic, Socio-economic, and Psychological Factors, and the Financial Literacy Gap
Authors: Ben Belgacem Samira , Khatoon Ghousia , Bala Hussaini , Alzuman Abad
Published: May 2024

The increased accessibility and adoption of FinTech in emerging economies prompts researchers to investigate its moderating impact on the prevalent determinants of financial literacy. This research investigates the influence of demographic, socio-economic, psychological, and FinTech innovation factors on mitigating the financial literacy gap. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain primary data from the 1,100 Saudi potential participants. The descriptive and inferential statistics were computed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The study findings revealed that FinTech innovation as a moderating variable has a limited impact on closing the financial literacy gap. Besides, marital status, income, spouse’s educational background, as well as psychographic characteristics like “present financial situation,”“meet monthly payments,”“future is hopeless,” and “don’t expect change” have a bearing on the financial literacy gap. Additionally, women lacked confidence when responding to queries on financial literacy. Finally, the study concludes with implications for the policy-making bodies.
Women Approach Cute Objects but Avoid Cute Adult Female Faces: Verification of Correlation between Body Sway and Cuteness Rating
Authors: Kuraguchi Kana , Fujimoto Kanon , Taniguchi Kosuke
Published: May 2024

Perceived cuteness motivates people to approach cute objects, but no evidence exists of unconscious approach behavior toward objects. Given the unconscious responses associated with cuteness perception, an unconscious drive to physically approach cute objects is likely to occur. However, approach behavior may or may not occur depending on whether or not the perceived cute object is an adult, a baby, or a non-human. In this study, we recruited 24 participants and conducted a correlation study between cuteness ratings and body sway to examine whether or not the approach response is dependent on perceived cuteness. Results showed that the approach or avoidance response to cute objects was observed only in women. For babies, the approach response occurred regardless of the degree of cuteness, but for adult female faces, the cuter the face, the more the avoidance response occurred. For non-human images, the cuter the image, the more the approach response occurred only in early period of observation time. These results suggest that cuteness perception controls physical distance differently depending on the target of evaluation.
How Political Influence and Financial Pressure Contribute to Performance-Based Budgeting and University Performance: Evidence fromSEM and NCA
Authors: Liying He , Mengying Zhang
Published: May 2024

The economic downturn has led to a variety of challenges for higher education institutions, including budget cuts and a heightened focus on efficiency and effectiveness. Performance-based budgeting is gaining traction as a means of more efficiently allocating resources, and Chinese public universities are not an exemption. The main purpose of this study was to look into the relationship between political influence, financial pressure, performance-based budgeting, and university performance in China. It also explored power dynamics in Chinese public universities. 271 participants were chosen using a purposive sampling technique. This study employed a multimethod approach combining necessary condition analysis (NCA), the PROCESS macro, and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Furthermore, this study employed a novel technique (the Johnson-Neyman technique) to show the exact scope of the moderation effect. The findings of the PLS-SEM showed that performance-based budgeting is positively related to university performance and acts as a mediator between selected variables, and it also indicated that the moderated mediation model is validated in Chinese public universities. The NCA results showed that performance-based budgeting, political influence, and financial pressure are all important necessary conditions for university performance. Meanwhile, the outcomes of PLS-SEM and NCA showed how researchers and practitioners can pinpoint key elements that affect university performance and produce the best outcomes. Overall, this study provides useful information about the implementation of performance-based budgeting in higher education institutions.
Optimal use of antithrombotic agents in recent small subcortical strokes accompanied by atrial fibrillation
Authors: Lee Minwoo , Oh Mi-Sun , Yu Kyung-Ho , Kim Chulho , Sohn Jong-Hee , Mo Hee-Jung , Kim Yerim , Lee Sang-Hwa
Published: May 2024

Background:

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anticoagulants (AC) and antiplatelets (APT) in patients with recent small subcortical infarctions (RSSI) and atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods:

We utilized a prospective multicenter stroke registry database to identify patients with RSSI with a concurrent diagnosis of AF. Propensity score matching analysis was used to balance baseline differences among the AC-only, APT-only, and their combination groups. The main outcomes of interest were time to occurrence of minor and major bleeding, stroke recurrence, and all-cause mortality. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each outcome were calculated using the multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis.

Results:

Of the 404 eligible patients, 28.2% received APT only, 53.0% received AC only, and 18.9% received a combination of both. Notable differences were observed between these groups in terms of the 1-year stroke recurrence (APT, 32.5%; AC, 5.6%; APT + AC, 9.2%) and all-cause mortality (APT, 21.9%; AC, 6.1%; APT + AC, 14.5%), whereas the rates of bleeding events were comparable. The multivariable analysis indicated a significant association of AC alone with reduced risks of severe bleeding, stroke recurrence, and all-cause mortality compared with APT alone (aHR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41–0.98; aHR 0.11, 95% CI 0.06–0.22; aHR 0.22, 95% CI 0.11–0.44, respectively). The combination group showed a reduced risk of stroke recurrence compared to APT alone (aHR 0.19, 95% CI 0.08–0.46). These findings remained consistent with the propensity score-matched analysis.

Conclusion:

AC showed better clinical outcomes than APT in patients with RSSI and AF. Additionally, combination therapy with AC and APT was associated with a lower risk of stroke recurrence than APT alone.
Investigating the Alcohol Effects on the Response to Strenuous Exercise Training: Protocol for a Multidisciplinary Intervention Study in Young Healthy Adults—The BEER-HIIT Study
Authors: Molina-Hidalgo Cristina , De-la-O Alejandro , Jurado-Fasoli Lucas , Amaro-Gahete Francisco J. , Catena Andrés , Castillo Manuel J.
Published: May 2024

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-efficient strategy to improve fitness and performance. Whereas the multiple and negative effects of high intake of alcohol have been widely studied, the effect of moderate alcohol doses after exercise is not clear, and it is currently under debate. For that, a total of 80 young healthy adults are studied and allocated into 5 groups, each including 16 participants. Four groups follow a HIIT program, while the fifth group is a control non-training group. The training groups will be randomized according to the characteristics of the ingested beverage (alcohol beer, beer 0.0%, sparkling water, or ethanol). The effects of HIIT on several aspects of physical performance and mental health in young healthy adults are evaluated, also the concomitant effect of daily and moderate alcohol consumption. The novelty of this study lies in the continuous measurement of the psychological parameters associated with carrying out a highly demanding training program in conjunction with alcohol consumption in moderate quantities, reflecting real-life conditions.
“Politics Versus Policy”: Qualitative Insights on Stigma and Overdose Prevention Center Policymaking in the United States
Authors: Koehm Kristin , Rosen Joseph G. , Yedinak Gray Jesse L. , Tardif Jessica , Thompson Erin , Park Ju Nyeong
Published: May 2024

Background:

Federal, state, and municipal governments in the United States have been reluctant to authorize overdose prevention centers (OPCs), which are evidence-based approaches for preventing overdose deaths and blood-borne pathogen transmission.

Methods:

From July 2022 to February 2023, we explored how stigma manifests in OPC policymaking by conducting in-depth interviews with 17 advocates, legislators, service providers, and researchers involved with OPC advocacy and policymaking in Rhode Island, California, Pennsylvania, and New York.

Results:

We found that although jurisdictions differed in their OPC policymaking experiences, stigma manifested throughout the process, from planning to authorization. Participants described OPCs as a tool for destigmatizing overdose and substance use, yet confronted institutionalized stigma and discriminatory attitudes toward people who use drugs (PWUD) and harm reduction from multiple sources (eg, politicians, media, and members of the public). Opposition toward OPCs and harm reduction approaches more broadly intersected with public discourse on crime, homelessness, and public disorder. Employed stigma-mitigation strategies included humanizing PWUD, publicizing the benefits of OPCs to the wider community, and strategically engaging media.

Conclusion:

These findings illustrate the importance of understanding stigma at different stages of the policymaking process to better facilitate authorization and eventual implementation of OPCs in the United States.