bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new species of Chrysobothris Eschscholtz from Oregon and Washington, with notes on other Buprestidae (Coleoptera) occurring in the United States and Canada
Authors: WESTCOTT RICHARD L.
Published: February 2019

Chrysobothris eriogoni Westcott, new species (Buprestidae), from Oregon and Washington is described and figured. New synonymy is presented under Acmaeodera haemorrhoa LeConte (=A. bouvieri Kerremans) and A. solitaria Kerremans (=A. thoracica Kerremans). Biological, distributional and taxonomic notes are presented for 43 other species in the following genera: Acmaeodera, Acmaeoderoides, Acmaeoderopsis, Agrilus, Anambodera, Anthaxia, Brachys, Buprestis, Chrysobothris, Dicerca, Paratyndaris, Poecilonota, Spectralia.
Heteropoda dagmarae sp. nov. from Laos—a close relative of Heteropoda javana (Simon 1880) from Indonesia (Arachnida: Araneae: Sparassidae)
Authors: JÄGER PETER , VEDEL VINCENT
Published: February 2019

A new species of Heteropodinae is described from northern Laos: Heteropoda dagmarae sp. nov. From genital as well as somatic characters it seems to be closely related to Heteropoda javana (Simon 1880) from Sumatra and Java. A javana species-group is proposed within Heteropoda Latreille 1804 by means of these two species and several undescribed species.
A new species of Neochrysocharis Kurdjumov (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a parasitoid of serpentine leafminers (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Southeast Asia
Authors: FISHER NICOLE , LA SALLE JOHN
Published: February 2019

Neochrysocharis beasleyi sp.n. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Entedoninae) is described from Indonesia and Vietnam. This species is a parasitoid of leafmining Agromyzidae, and is a potential biological control agent for invasive agromyzid species. Variation within Southeast Asian specimens of Neochrysocharis formosa is described and discussed. Neochrysocharis stat. rev. is treated as a valid genus, and removed from synonymy with Closterocerus.Key words: Hymenoptera, Eulophidae, Neochrysocharis, parasitoids, Agromyzidae, Liriomyza, Indonesia, Vietnam, Neochrysocharis formosa, variation
Two new species of Pseudolaguvia (Teleostei: Erethistidae) from Bangladesh
Authors: NG HEOK HEE
Published: February 2019

Two new South Asian catfish species of the family Erethistidae, Pseudolaguvia inornata and Pseudolaguvia muricata, are described from the Brahmaputra and Feni River drainages in Bangladesh. Pseudolaguvia inornata from the Feni River drainage can be distinguished from congeners in having a uniform coloration with a pale mid-dorsal stripe and brown submarginal stripes on each lobe of the caudal fin, while P muricata from the Brahmaputra River drainage can be distinguished from congeners by its elongate dorsal and pectoral-fin spines.
Peracchius durantae, a new genus and species of whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from Brazil
Authors: LIMA A. F. , RACCA-FILHO F.
Published: February 2019

In this paper we describe and illustrate a new genus and species of whitefly from Seropédica-RJ, Brazil, based on pupal cases found on Duranta repens L. “Aurea” (Verbenaceae).
Description of Cathorops mapale, a new species of sea catfish (Siluriformes: Ariidae) from the Colombian Caribbean, based on morphological and mitochondrial evidence
Authors: BETANCUR-R. Ricardo , P. RTURO ACERO
Published: February 2019

A new species of sea catfish (Ariidae), Cathorops mapale, is described from the central and southwestern Colombian Caribbean coast. The species is distinguished from other Cathorops species from the western Atlantic by the following combination of features: 20–24 anterior gill rakers on first gill arch, 18–21 anterior gill rakers on second gill arch; maxillary barbels 27.8–39.3% standard length; medial head groove long and deep, extending posteriorly almost to supraoccipital keel. This species has been widely misidentified as C. spixii (Agassiz), a species known from Brazil to the Guianas. Based on mitochondrial evidence (cytochrome b and ATP synthase 8/6), C. mapale is more closely related to the eastern Pacific C. fuerthii (Steindachner) species group (2.2–2.8% sequence divergence) than to the C. spixii clade (5.9–6.2% sequence divergence). C. mapale is distinguished from the C. fuerthii group by having higher anterior gill raker counts on the first (14–15 in the C. fuerthii group) and second (15–17 in the C. fuerthii group) gill arches, and by having a smaller mouth (8.3–10.6% standard length in C. mapale and 11.0–11.6% standard length in the C. fuerthii group).
A new species of Hyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Cerro Las Flores, Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: MEIK JESSE M. , CANSECO-MÁRQUEZ LUIS , SMITH ERIC N. , CAMPBELL JONATHAN A.
Published: February 2019

Hyla ephemera, new species, is described from the cloud forests of Cerro Las Flores in south-central Oaxaca, Mexico. We tentatively place this species in the phenetic H. bistincta group. It is most similar to H. calthula in color pattern but differs in having a greater snout–vent length, a relatively shorter snout and tibia, a relatively wider head, and a larger tympanum. We also report an additional locality record for H. calthula, previously known only from the type locality.
Petroscirtes pylei, a new saber-toothed blenny from the Fiji Islands (Teleostei: Blenniidae)
Authors: SMITH-VANIZ WILLIAM F.
Published: February 2019

Petroscirtes pylei is described from three specimens, 20.3–40.9 mm SL, obtained from a deepwater reef off Suva, Viti Levu, Fiji Islands. It is distinguished from all other congeners by its color pattern, including the presence of two dark body stripes, the lower one broadly extending onto the anal fin, and the dorsal fin with a broad, dark basal stripe, superimposed by a conspicuous white spot centered on the 4th spine. Among Petroscirtes, only the new species and P. springeri typically have 12 dorsal-fin spines but they are not closely related. The holotype was collected in 104–110 m, the second deepest depth record for a species of Petroscirtes. Discovery of this new species, and an apparently second new deep-water Petroscrites (uncollected), at a different Fijian reef indicates that our knowledge of the biodiversity of this habitat and of the saber-toothed blennies is very incomplete.
Contributions to the knowledge of the "Staphylinus-complex" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinini) of China. Part 10. A new species of the genus Platydracus Thomson, 1858
Authors: SMETANA ALEŠ
Published: February 2019

Platydracus juang Smetana, sp. nov., similar and closely related to the Japanese species Platydracus brachycerus Smetana & Davies, 2000, is described from one specimen taken in the province of Fujian.
Two new species of Zetzellia Oudemans (Acari: Stigmaeidae) that threaten the concept of genera: disgeneric marriage?
Authors: HERNANDES FABIO A. , FERES REINALDO J.F.
Published: February 2019

Two new species of Zetzellia Oudemans, Z. agistzellia sp. n. and Z. quasagistemas sp. n., are described from rubber trees of northwestern São Paulo State, Brazil. Females have clear features of Zetzellia, whereas males resemble Agistemus in some characters. Immatures are also described. The discovery of these species raises some problems concerning generic concepts in Stigmaeidae. Since features of different genera are present in the same species, the authors suggest that the scope of those genera should be reviewed.
The Neotropical genera Oxycrepis Reiche and Stolonis Motschulsky: a taxonomic review, key to the described species and description of new Stolonis species from Ecuador (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Loxandrini)
Authors: WILL KIPLING W.
Published: February 2019

Five species of Stolonis (Carabidae: Loxandrini) are newly described: S. yasuni Will, sp. n., S. spinosus Will, sp. n., S. catenarius Will, sp. n., S. tapiai Will, sp. n. from Yasuni Scientific Station, Orellana Province (previously part of Napo Province), Ecuador and S. scortensis Will, sp. n. with its type locality Reserva Faunistica Cuyabeno, Sucumbios Province, Ecuador. A key to adults of Stolonis and Oxycrepis species is provided. Generic concepts for these taxa are briefly reviewed.
New species of Diamesa (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Tibet: conspecific males and females associated with mitochondrial DNA
Authors: WILLASSEN ENDRE
Published: February 2019

Undescribed females representing four morphological types were found in a collection of adult Diamesa from about 5000 m altitude in Rongbuk, Tibet. Short DNA sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 were used to associate two single males in the material with conspecific females. Diamesa solhoyi n.sp. and Diamesa aculeata n.sp. are described. The complete type material and additional specimens have been deposited in the Insect Collection at the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Beijing (IZAS). The sequences are deposited in Genbank with accession numbers AM051227–AM051233.
Updated diagnoses for the Indian species of Streptocephalus (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Anostraca)
Authors: VELU CHINAVENMENI S. , MUNUSWAMY NATESAN
Published: February 2019

The taxonomic status of the Indian Streptocephalus (S. dichotomus, S. echinus, S. longimanus S. spinifer, and S. simplex) is reevaluated and updated with additional information on various features such as penes, cercopods, and cysts. Surface ornamentation of the cysts is species-specific and therefore useful in identification.
The Central American species of Diplonevra Lioy (Diptera: Phoridae)
Authors: CORONA EMILY M. , BROWN BRIAN V.
Published: February 2019

The species of Diplonevra Lioy of Central America are reviewed, with particular attention to the structure at the base of the posterior face of the hind femur. Six species are recognized, five of which are new to science: D. ereba, D. goliatha, D. hypermeka, D. truncatiseta, and D. gnoma. The sole described species, D. setigera (Malloch), is found to be a senior synonym of the North American D. gaudialis (Cockerell) and the Brazilian D. impressa (Borgmeier), both new synonyms.
Description of a new species in the Sphaeropthalma pensylvanica species-group (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae)
Authors: PITTS JAMES P.
Published: February 2019

A new species, Sphaeropthalma nocticaro, is described from Oaxaca, Mexico and Petén, Guatemala. This species is placed into the S. pensylvanica species-group, with which it shares many morphological characters. This species-group is found predominately in the Southeastern USA ranging into eastern Texas, and addition of this new species greatly extends the geographic range of this group.
New locality and new habitat data of Philonthus nitidus (Fabr., 1787) (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) in the Polish Carpathians
Authors: MAZUR ANDRZEJ , YAN WEI , GÓRZ ANDRZEJ
Published: February 2019

Philonthus nitidus (Fabr., 1787) inhabits mainly northern and central Europe. In Scandinavia, it reaches far outside the Arctic Circle, in the west it is found in France, in the South in the northern part of the Iberian Peninsula, Italy and Serbia, and in Transylvania; it was also recorded in Siberia, Kazakhstan and Mongolia (Burakowski et al. 1980, Schillhammer 2000, Herman 2001, Löbl & Smetana 2004, Fernández 2010, Viñolas et al. 2014).
First record of Dosima fascicularis (Ellis & Solander, 1786) (Crustacea, Cirripedia) from Algerian waters (Western Mediterranean)
Authors: MOKRANE Z. , BELKACEM Y. , SOUMANI K.
Published: February 2019

The buoy barnacle Dosima fascicularis is reported from Algerian waters for the first time. Seven specimens were collected in the Bay of Jijel (Western Mediterranean Basin), which constitutes the third record of this species in the Mediterranean Sea. A continuous monitoring program in the Mediterranean for this species is proposed to provide further insights into its distribution.
Medical Image Analysis Based on T2 Mapping and Intravoxel-Incoherent-Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in the Diagnosis of Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Song Xiubao , Xu Xi , Ye Yufeng , Liang Jianye , Huang Jiaxi , Peng Qiwen
Published: February 2019

Objective: Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain, which often influence the patient's daily activities. An early and quantitative evaluation helps an effective treatment in plantar fasciitis. Our aims were to explore the feasibility of T2 mapping and intravoxel-incoherent-motion
diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) in the quantitative evaluation of plantar fasciitis. Methods: A 3.0T MR scanner was performed on 23 feet of 18 patients with plantar fasciitis and 24 feet of 19 healthy subjects. The imaging protocol consisted of conventional sequences including
coronal and sagittal T1- and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) with and without fat saturation, as well as T2 mapping and IVIM-DWI. The fascial thickness, effusion, tissue edema and other related manifestations were noted. The quantitative parameters including D, D*, f, and
T2 values were measured in the fascia, muscle, and subcutaneous fat pad, respectively. Two independent t-test was mainly used for statistical analysis.Results: Qualitatively, bone spur, subcutaneous effusion, and soft tissue edema around the plantar fascia were observed; the
fascias were thickened; and the signal intensity of T2WI of soft tissues increased in the patients compared to the healthy subjects. Quantitatively, both D and T2 values were found significant differences in the fascia, muscle, and fat pad between the patients and healthy subjects,
except D *; and f values. Conclusions: Both T2 mapping and IVIM-DWI had high clinical values in the quantitative evaluation of plantar fasciitis. D and T2 values may be useful surrogate markers in predicting the severity of plantar fasciitis clinically.
Computerized Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis with Optimized Random Forest
Authors: Lai Xiaobo , Lili LV , Huang Zihe
Published: February 2019

It is desirable to diagnose diabetic retinopathy at an early stage for developing a suitable treatment plan to prevent the condition from deteriorating. To provide an immediate diagnosis of the retina, various methods have been investigated to realize a time and cost effective classification
of the fundus images. However, most diabetic retinopathy automated identification methods are structural based analysis. Moreover, Asian fundus images have larger optic disc and thicker retinal vessels compared with Caucasians. Hence, we explore a machine learning approach to the extraction
of texture features for classification and the feasibility of this approach using texture parameters to complement current algorithms. Normal retina, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy are identified in this paper. The first step is achieved with
three groups of texture features such as gray level co-occurrence matric texture features, different statistical features and run length matrix texture features extracted. In the second step, these features are fed into an optimized random forest classifier for automatic classification. We
test our system on two databases (D1 and D2) consisting of 432 and 579 fundus images from a diabetic retinopathy screening program consisting of Asians. The diabetic retinopathy is successfully diagnosed with sensitivity is 0.936 ± 0.019 for D1 and 0.941 ± 0.016 for D2, specificity
is 0.917 ± 0.011 for D1 and 0.918 ± 0.011 for D2, positive predictive value is 0.924 ± 0.013 for D1 and 0.939 ± 0.012 for D2, when training on the same institutions, respectively.
Intraocular Pressure Elevation During Laparoscopic Hysterectomy of Patients in the Steep Trendelenburg Position Under Propofol Anesthesia
Authors: Weng Li-Jun , Hu Xian-Wen , Li Yun , Jin Shi-Yun , Li Rui , Zhang Ye
Published: February 2019

Objective: To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) during laparoscopic hysterectomy of patients in the steep trendelenburg (ST) position under propofol anesthesia. Methods: Seventy female patients, without history of ocular pathology, undergoing elective laparoscopic
hysterectomy, were randomly assigned to control (Con) group or dexmedetomidine (Dex) group. The Dex group was treated with a loading dose of Dex (1 μg/kg), infusing intravenously over 15 min, followed by continuous infusion of Dex (0.4 μg/kg/h) until the end of procedure.
The Con group received an equal volume of normal saline. IOP was measured three times in each eye at 11 different time points. Intraoperative data, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and end-tidal CO2, total dose of propofol and remifentanil were measured. Results: The IOP
was increased in a time dependent manner following anesthesia induction until the end of surgery period under the ST position (T3–T8), while this tendency was depressed by Dex at T7 (p = 0.024) and T8 (p = 0.004) points as compared
to the Con group. IOP was declined in the Dex group at 5 and 60 min after tracheal extubation (p = 0.000 and p = 0.007, respectively). Compared with T1 point, the IOP recovered to the baseline in the Dex group at T10 point (p = 0.235), but not in
the Con group (p = 0.009). Conclusions: IOP can be controlled to a certain level in patients undergo laparoscopic hysterectomy in the ST position when receiving propofol combined with Dex which can also promote the IOP recovery to the preoperative level during the immediate post-tracheal
extubation period.
Computed Tomography-Guided Biopsy Assisted by 18F-FDG Coincidence Imaging for Solid Tumours
Authors: Chen Feng , Pan Yunlei , Lin Tianzeng , Chen Shan , Hong Yuan
Published: February 2019

Objective: Early diagnosis of solid tumour is the key to making treatment plans. The traditional computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous biopsy often makes it difficult to determine the puncture point. The aim of this study is to analyze the collaborative application value
of CT-guided biopsy assisted by 18F-FDG coincidence imaging for solid tumours. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 15 patients who underwent routine radiological examination can not form a correct diagnosis on body solid tumour. The needle was introduced under CT guidance
in a step-by-step technique and correct needle position in the centre of FDG high concentration area in coincidence imaging. The biopsy specimens were examined under light microscopy and immunofluorescence. Result: All the lesions were successfully punctured, and the final diagnosis
was malignant in 14 cases and benign in 1 cases. The sensitivity of CT-guided biopsy assisted by coincidence imaging was 92.9% (13/14), and the specificity was 100% (1/1). Compared with clinical final diagnosis, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P >0.05).
Two cases of lung biopsy patients had a small amount of blood in sputum after operation. Conclusion: The CT-guided biopsy assisted by 18F-FDG coincidence imaging may improve the diagnostic capability, especially in cases when a definitive diagnosis by imaging alone is difficult
to make.
Improved Visualisation of Patient-Specific Heart Structure Using Three-Dimensional Printing Coupled with Image-Processing Techniques Inspired by Astrophysical Methods
Authors: Brewis I. , Mclaughlin J. A.
Published: February 2019

The aim of this study is to use image-processing techniques developed in the field of astrophysics as inspiration for a novel approach to the three-dimensional (3D) imaging of periprocedural medical data, with the intention of providing improved visualisation of patient-specific heart
structure and thereby allowing for an improved quality of procedural planning with regards to individualized cardiovascular healthcare. Using anonymized patient DICOM data for a cardiac computed tomography (CT) angiography, two-dimensional slices of the patient's heart were processed using
a series of software packages in order to produce an accurate 3D representation of the patient's heart tissue as a computer-generated stereolithography (STL) file, followed by the creation of a tactile 3D printout. We find that the models produced provide clear definition of heart structure,
in particular in the left atrium, left ventricle and aorta. This level of clarity also allows for the aortic valve to be observed and 3D printed. This study provides a step-by-step blueprint of how this can be achieved using open source software, specifically Slicer 4.8.1, MeshLab and AutoDesk
Netfabb. In addition, the implementation of astrophysical image-processing techniques shows an improvement in modelling of the heart based on the CT data, in particular in the case of small-scale features where echocardiography has previously been required for more reliable results.
Impact of Soil Moisture Data Resolution on Soil Moisture and Surface Heat Flux Estimates through Data Assimilation: A Case Study in the Southern Great Plains
Authors: Lu Yang , Dong Jianzhi , Steele-Dunne Susan C.
Published: February 2019

The spatial heterogeneity and temporal variation of soil moisture and surface heat fluxes are key to many geophysical and environmental studies. It has been demonstrated that they can be mapped by assimilating soil thermal and wetness information into surface energy balance models. The aim of this work is to determine whether enhancing the spatial resolution or temporal sampling frequency of soil moisture data could improve soil moisture or surface heat flux estimates. Two experiments are conducted in an area mainly covered by grassland, and land surface temperature (LST) observations from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) mission are assimilated together with either an enhanced L-band passive soil moisture product (9 km, 2–3 days) from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission or a merged product (36 km, quasi-daily) from the SMAP and the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. The results suggest that the availability of soil moisture observations is increased by 41% after merging data from the SMAP and the SMOS missions. A comparison with results from a previous study that assimilated a coarser SMAP soil moisture product (36 km, 2–3 days) suggests that enhancing the temporal sampling frequency of soil moisture observations leads to improved soil moisture estimates at both the surface and root zone, and the largest improvement is seen in the bias metric (0.008 and 0.007 m3 m−3 on average at the surface and root zone, respectively). Enhancing the spatial resolution, however, does not significantly improve soil moisture estimates, particularly at the surface. Surface heat flux estimates from assimilating soil moisture data of different spatial or temporal resolutions are very similar.
Missed Opportunities in the Preparticipation Physical Examination for High School Athletes
Authors: Perlman Meryl , Williams Wadsworth A. , Ross Lainie Friedman
Published: February 2019

The preparticipation sports examination (PPE) is required for US high school athletes. We queried members of the Illinois Chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics (ICAAP) about what they actually include in a PPE, allotted PPE time, and counseling about full contact sports participation. Of 2300 ICAAP members contacted electronically, 228 (10%) responded, yielding 205 usable surveys. When performing a PPE, 34 (25%) always complete all of 6 selected AAP-recommended PPE components and 102 (74%) always get a concussion history. In contrast, 29 (21%) always complete all of the 6 selected AAP PPE components and 70 (49%) always get a concussion history as part of well-child checkup. Main interferences with clinician proficiency are lack of time and training cited by 49% and 37%, respectively. Pediatricians were evenly divided about whether or not to counsel against full contact sports, but were more likely to do so after the athlete sustained a first concussion.
Should Children With Constipation Undergo Blood Lead Level Screening?
Authors: Raghu Vikram Kalathur , Nowalk Andrew J. , Srinath Arvind I.
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to compare the prevalence of elevated blood lead level in children with constipation to the population prevalence. We reviewed the charts of 441 children who were screened with a blood lead level on presenting to the gastroenterology clinic at UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh for evaluation of constipation. The prevalence of blood lead level greater than 5 µg/dL was 1.36% (6/441; 95% confidence interval = 1.23% to 1.49%), which is significantly lower than the 4.01% prevalence in the population reported by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. No patients had a blood lead level greater than 10 µg/dL. Age under 5 years old showed an increased odds of lead level greater than 5 µg/dL (odds ratio = 7.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.2 to 47.3, P < .05). We concluded that children seen in the gastroenterology clinic for constipation are unlikely to have an elevated blood lead level on routine screening.
Which Books and Wordings? Two Problems with Divine Inspiration in British Evangelicalism
Authors: Brown Robert G.
Published: February 2019

The doctrine of divine inspiration is of great importance within Evangelicalism and is often articulated in the official doctrinal statements of major British evangelical organisations. There are, however, two problems with what several of these statements affirm: they do not specify (i) which books and (ii) which wordings were the products of divine inspiration. These problems render the doctrine of divine inspiration ineffective as, without such clarity, it cannot be justifiably applied in the Church today. This essay seeks to highlight these two problems in order to prompt a response from the affected organisations.
Open innovation laboratory in electrical energy education based on the knowledge economy
Authors: Ponce Pedro , Polasko Kenneth , Molina Arturo
Published: February 2019

Electrical energy systems are facing significant challenges as climate changes, and electric energy demands increasingly affect the quality of electrical energy. Since electrical energy impacts social and technological conditions, the economy and energy are strongly related. Smart electric grids, in particular, require new technologies, products, and skilled human resources. However, innovation in electrical systems has been marginal, and skilled human resources are difficult to secure. As a result, several open innovation laboratories have been created to promote open technology and entrepreneurship among engineering students, who often run the laboratories under the guidance of faculty advisors. Such laboratories frequently organize seminars, workshops, hackathons, and meetups; however, they largely fail to produce many marketable products, often due to a lack of collaboration with other innovative facilities and firms. To improve the quality of services in open innovation laboratories, the connection between firms and universities must be appropriately defined and developed. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel concept for an open innovation laboratory based on the overlapping of four innovation facilities that is capable of changing according to product requirements. This new concept will improve students’ innovation and learning processes and promote positive relationships between universities and firms. Also, this paper provides new insights into open innovation laboratories that can enhance the quality of the innovations produced by universities. Finally, it presents case studies developed at Tecnologico de Monterrey to validate the open innovation laboratory concept as an influential concept for developing products.
Use of CBCT Guidance for Tooth Autotransplantation in Children
Authors: EzEldeen M. , Wyatt J. , Al-Rimawi A. , Coucke W. , Shaheen E. , Lambrichts I. , Willems G. , Politis C. , Jacobs R.
Published: February 2019

Tooth autotransplantation (TAT) offers a viable biological approach to tooth replacement in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of the cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT)–guided TAT compared to the conventional TAT protocol and to assess the 3-dimensional (3D) patterns of healing after CBCT-guided TAT (secondary aim). This study included 100 autotransplanted teeth in 88 patients. Each experimental group consisted of 50 transplants in 44 patients (31 males and 19 females). The mean (SD) age at the time of surgery was 10.7 (1.1) y for the CBCT-guided group. This was 10.6 (1.3) y for the conventional group. The mean (SD) follow-up period was 4.5 (3.1) y (range, 1.1 to 10.4 y). Overall survival rate for the CBCT-guided TAT was 92% with a success rate of 86% compared to an 84% survival rate and a 78% success rate for the conventional group ( P > 0.005). The following measurements were extracted from the 3D analysis: root hard tissue volume (RV), root length (RL), apical foramen area (AFA), and mean and maximum dentin wall thickness (DWT). Overall, the mean (SD) percentage of tissue change was as follows: RV gain by 65.8% (34.6%), RL gain by 37.3% (31.5%), AFA reduction by 91.1% (14.9%), mean DWT increase by 107.9% (67.7%), and maximum DWT increase by 26.5% (40.1%). Principal component analysis (PCA) identified the mean DWT, RV, and maximum DWT as the parameters best describing the tissue change after TAT. Cluster analysis applied to the variables chosen by the PCA classified the CBCT group into 4 distinct clusters (C1 = 37.2%, C2 = 17.1%, C3 = 28.6%, C4 = 17.1%), revealing different patterns of tissue healing after TAT. The CBCT-guided approach increased the predictability of the treatment. The 3D analysis provided insights into the patterns of healing. CBCT-guided TAT could be adopted as an alternative for the conventional approach. (Clinical trial center and ethical board University Hospitals, KU Leuven: S55287; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02464202)
Enhanced Cell Response to Zirconia Surface Immobilized with Type I Collagen
Authors: Hsu C.M. , Sun Y.S. , Huang H.H.
Published: February 2019

Zirconia (ZrO2) dental implants provide good biocompatibility, have good corrosion resistance, and have a color that is similar to that of natural teeth. Unfortunately, ZrO2 is a bioinert material and therefore achieves osseointegration difficultly. In this study, we sought to enhance osseointegration by producing rough ZrO2 surfaces that contain hydroxyl groups (designated ZSA) through the use of sandblasting in conjunction with alkaline treatment. We immobilized type I collagen on ZSA surfaces using the natural cross-linker, procyanidin. Our results further showed that surfaces produced in ZSA-P/C featured more and steadier type I collagen than surfaces produced in ZSA-C. The ZSA-P/C also presented superior cell responses in terms of adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The enhanced cell responses in the ZSA-P/C were induced through the prolonged activation of focal adhesion kinase, AKT (the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway), and p38 (the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway). The simple and novel approach to immobilize type I collagen on roughened ZrO2 surfaces presented in this article can likely benefit dental implant applications.
Aberrant Collagen Cross-linking in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Saito T. , Uzawa K. , Terajima M. , Shiiba M. , Amelio A.L. , Tanzawa H. , Yamauchi M.
Published: February 2019

Tumor progression is a complex process involving extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and stiffening. However, the mechanisms that govern these processes and their roles in tumor progression are still poorly understood. In this study, we performed bioinformatics, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses to examine if collagen cross-linking is associated with tumor stage and regional lymph node metastasis (RLNM) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We found that the genes encoding key enzymes for cross-linking are frequently overexpressed in oral, head, and neck cancers. Specifically, the enzymes lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2) or lysyl oxidase (LOX) and LOX-like 2 (LOXL2) were significantly upregulated in late-stage tumors and associated with poor patient prognosis. The protein levels of these enzymes in the primary human OSCC were also significantly increased in late-stage tumors and markedly elevated in the RLNM-positive tumors. Notably, while overall LOX/LOXL2-catalyzed collagen cross-links were enriched in late-stage and RLNM-positive tumors, LH2-mediated stable cross-links were significantly increased. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the association of collagen cross-linking and expression of key enzymes regulating this process with OSCC stage. The data indicate a critical role for collagen cross-linking in OSCC tumor progression and metastasis, which may provide insights into development of novel therapeutic strategies to prevent OSCC progression.
Assembling Citizenship: Sexualities Education, Micropolitics and the Becoming-Citizen
Authors: Alldred Pam , Fox Nick J
Published: February 2019

This article suggests that citizenship should be seen not as a status to be acquired, lost or refused by an individual. Rather it is an emergent and relational capacity produced and reproduced in everyday material interactions, across a spectrum of activities from work to lifestyle practices. We examine one example of such a material interaction: the engagements that young people have with sexualities education. To aid this endeavour, we apply a new materialist, relational framework that addresses the micropolitical interactions between humans and non-human materialities. Using data from two studies of sexualities education, we assess how the capacities produced during sexualities education interactions – such as a capacity to express specific sexual desires or to manage fertility proactively – contribute inter alia to young people’s ‘becoming-citizen’. Informed by this analysis, we argue that sociology may usefully apply a bottom–up model of citizenship as becoming, constituted materially from diverse engagements.
Study of the mechanical behavior of Z-structure stents produced by poly-L-lactic acid multi-ply strands
Authors: Wang Conger , Liu Yanhui , Zhang Yuanming , Han Guangting
Published: February 2019

Biodegradable polymer stents are attracting more attention with their advantages of biocompatibility and biodegradable and dispensing with surgical removal. However, the lower radial force is the main bottle neck of their application. In the present research, poly-L-lactic monofilaments with three different diameters were adopted to produce multi-ply strands and then fabricated into Z-structure stents. The effects of strand parameters on stent radial force were studied. The monofilament, strand and stents were subsequently degraded in vitro for 48 weeks. The thermal properties, morphology change, mass retention and strength retention of samples were recorded to forecast the long-term application effects of the stents. The results of this research provided theory to optimize the processing technique of stents with a textile structure to acquire higher radial force.
Validation of a Pictorial Survey Tool to Measure Time Use in an African Urban Setting
Authors: Schwartz Lauren M. , Mutanga Jane , Kakaire Robert , Davis-Olwell Paula , Handel Andreas , Sekandi Juliet , Halloran M. Elizabeth , Kiwanuka Noah , Zalwango Sarah , Whalen Christopher C.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Disease often depends on how a host interacts with his or her environment. This interaction is important for respiratory infectious diseases, where built environments may promote transmission. To learn about time use, or the amount of time people spend in a day doing various activities, in sub-Saharan Africa may be difficult because of low literacy and different cultural perceptions of time. We developed a culturally appropriate survey tool to measure time use called the mweso game.

Method:

Three cross-sectional studies were performed among adults in Kampala, Uganda, to evaluate criterion and construct validity and to assess reliability of the mweso game. The mweso game was compared to actual elapsed time, a detailed 24-hr recall survey, and between three different recall periods. In all analyses, the mean number of beads, or hours, was calculated; Pearson correlation coefficients and Cronbach’s α were estimated.

Results:

Criterion validity for the use of beads to measure time was fair; mean values tended to be accurate, but there was variability in estimates of time across participants. When comparing the mweso game to the 24-hr recall survey, construct validity was very good. For most of the settings, the difference between measurements was less than one hour; there was good to excellent correlation for most settings. Reliability and internal consistency were best for time use at home and work.

Conclusions:

We have developed the mweso game as an instrument to measure time use in the context of low literacy and different cultural perceptions of time. The mweso game was valid and reliable, especially for measuring time use at home and work. With further validation, it may prove useful in measuring time use and in studying its relation to transmission of respiratory infectious diseases.
On the Transportability of Laboratory Results
Authors: Bader Felix , Baumeister Bastian , Berger Roger , Keuschnigg Marc
Published: February 2019

The “transportability” of laboratory findings to other instances than the original implementation entails the robustness of rates of observed behaviors and estimated treatment effects to changes in the specific research setting and in the sample under study. In four studies based on incentivized games of fairness, trust, and reciprocity, we evaluate (1) the sensitivity of laboratory results to locally recruited student-subject pools, (2) the comparability of behavioral data collected online and, under varying anonymity conditions, in the laboratory, (3) the generalizability of student-based results to the broader population, and (4) with a replication at Amazon Mechanical Turk, the stability of laboratory results across research contexts. For the class of laboratory designs using incentivized games as measurement instruments of prosocial behavior, we find that rates of behavior and the exact behavioral differences between decision situations do not transport beyond specific implementations. Most clearly, data obtained from standard participant pools differ significantly from those from the broader population. This undermines the use of empirically motivated laboratory studies to establish descriptive parameters of human behavior. Directions of the behavioral differences between games, in contrast, are remarkably robust to changes in samples and settings. Moreover, we find no evidence for either anonymity effects nor mode effects potentially biasing laboratory measurement. These results underscore the capacity of laboratory experiments to establish generalizable causal effects in theory-driven designs.
Dialogical and Integrated Self in Late Adulthood: Examining Two Adaptive Ways of Growing Old
Authors: Filip Miroslav , Lukavská Kateřina , Šolcová Iva Poláčková
Published: February 2019

We examined two contradictory views of Erikson’s concept of ego integrity: as an outcome of the tension between integrity and despair, or as a dialogical process of balancing positive and negative life experiences. One hundred sixty-seven Czech older adults participated in the study. Dialogically integrated, outcome-integrated, and outcome-despairing participants were selected based on the Ego Integrity Scale and based on methods mapping life-reviewing dialogue. The three subsamples were compared in their psychological adaptation. The results showed that the dialogically integrated participants scored similarly in well-being and meaningfulness of life as outcome-integrated participants and better than outcome-despairing participants. However, the dialogically integrated participants were also prone to experiencing negative emotions. As they were older than the other two subsamples and reported worse physical health, we concluded that the life-reviewing dialogue helps them maintain a sense of meaning in life and a certain level of well-being. Hence, the results support relevance of the dialogical-process view.
Brazil-Israel Relations and the Marketing of Urban Security Expertise
Authors: Grassiani Erella , Müller Frank
Published: February 2019

The transnational (re)making of contemporary urban pacification practices, discourses, and technologies between Brazil and Israel is underpinned by coercive entanglements. The Israeli experience with the occupation of the Palestinian territories has brought the Israel Defense Forces and the country’s private security industry international recognition for their urban warfare skills and related security technologies; Brazil has recently gained international recognition for urban pacification efforts that emphasize the country’s military’s ability to combine “hard” and “soft” skills, thereby foregrounding the nexus of military and humanitarian forms of engagement on urban battlefields. Empirical findings framed by critical scholarship on pacification demonstrate how recent shifts in the military and diplomatic relations between the two countries seek to symbolically capitalize on their own and each other’s urban warfare experiences to promote themselves as security experts capable of addressing a range of future urban threat scenarios—from urban warfare to antigang and antiriot policing and peacekeeping.

A reorganização transnacional das práticas, discursos e tecnologias de urbanização contemporânea entre Brasil e Israel são movidas por envolvimento coercitivo. A experiência israelense de ocupação dos territórios palestinos trouxe prestígio internacional às Forças de Defesa Israelense, bem como à indústria de segurança particular do país, em virtude de tecnologia de combate urbano. Brasil recentemente alcançou reconhecimento internacional pelos esforços de pacificação urbana, que enfatizam a habilidade das forças armadas do país em combinar “soft and hard skills”, criando assim um nexo de interação militar e humanitário no campo de batalha urbano. Observações produzidas em moldura crítica acadêmica sobre pacificação demonstram de que modo mudanças recentes nas relações diplomática e militar dos dois países visam capitalizar simbolicamente as experiências respectivas para promoverem a si mesmos como especialistas em segurança capazes de tratar uma variedade de cenários urbanos de risco—desde a guerra urbana contra gangs até o policiamento de manifestações.
Using sentiment analysis to detect affect in children’s and adolescents’ poetry
Authors: Hipson Will E.
Published: February 2019

Sentiment analysis is a computational method that automatically analyzes the valence of massive quantities of text. Basic sentiment analysis involves extracting and counting emotionally-laden keywords from passages of text (e.g., hate, love, happy, sad). This study describes using sentiment analysis to explore changes in emotion expression in a developmental context. A sample of n = 8,688 poems published online by children and adolescents from Grade 4 to Grade 12 was analyzed. Sentiment analysis coded words as positive or negative and these were averaged within each poem to obtain its relative percentage of positive and negative sentiment. Polynomial regressions explored linear and nonlinear trends in sentiment scores by grade. Among the results, negative sentiment demonstrated an upward curvilinear trend, increasing sharply from Grade 6 to Grade 11 and then decreasing afterward. Positive sentiment demonstrated a sinusoidal pattern throughout development. Overall, these findings are consistent with previous research on the progressions of emotion expression in childhood and adolescence. Despite some limitations, sentiment analysis presents an opportunity for researchers in developmental psychology to explore basic questions in emotional development using large quantities of data.
A dramatic learning curve of extracardiac Fontan operation in the modern era
Authors: Korun Oktay , Çiçek Murat , Yurdakök Okan , Hekim Yılmaz Emine , Çelebi Ahmet , Yurtseven Nurgül , Şaşmazel Ahmet , Ali Aydemir Numan
Published: February 2019

Background

This study aimed to describe the learning curve of the extracardiac Fontan procedure in a single center and to analyze the changes in clinical applications and outcomes.

Methods

A retrospective chart review of all extracardiac Fontan patients in a single tertiary care center was undertaken. Patients with a diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome and those who had undergone a lateral tunnel modification, intra/extracardiac Fontan, Kawashima procedure, or inferior vena cava-to-azygous vein connection were excluded from the analysis.

Results

Between May 2004 and February 2018, data of 159 extracardiac Fontan patients were analyzed. The median age was 5.5 years (range 4.5–8.2 years). Based on a cumulative sum analysis, a hinge point was determined to divide the cohort into 2 phases. Phase 1 ( n = 70) represented the first learning phase and phase 2 ( n = 89) represented the later phase. Mortality decreased in phase 2 (2/89; 2%) compared to phase 1 (10/70; 14%; p = 0.004). Two (3%) patients had extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in phase 1, and 5 (6%) in phase 2 ( p = 0.47). More patients in phase 2 underwent a prior bidirectional Glenn procedure (83/89 vs. 57/70; p = 0.02), fenestration (80/89 vs. 9/70; p < 0.001), and pulmonary artery reconstruction (37/89 vs. 2/70; p < 001).

Conclusions

This study shows that increased use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, strict implementation of the three-stage management plan, routine fenestration, and a low threshold for pulmonary artery reconstruction may be associated with decreased mortality in the extracardiac Fontan procedure.
The city in the age of Trumpism: From sanctuary to abolition
Authors: Roy Ananya
Published: February 2019

The city as sanctuary is an ancient concept. As a modern practice in North America and Europe, it has entailed refuge for subjects rendered illegal and placeless by the state, be it asylum-seekers or undocumented immigrants. Sanctuary thus reveals the terms of protection through which liberal democracies recognize and include racial others. In the age of Trumpism, sanctuary jurisdictions have become a key terrain of struggle in the United States, connoting resistance to white nationalism and the defiance of federal immigration policy. However, the concept of sanctuary requires scrutiny. In this paper, I demonstrate that the current meaning of sanctuary in the United States has limited scope, relying on, rather than limiting, police power. Seeking to disrupt such forms of liberal inclusion, I turn to a more expansive ethico-political inquiry concerned with hospitality. Such inquiry demands engagement with colonial and imperial histories. At stake is a rethinking of liberal and cosmopolitan traditions of Western humanism, those that seek to provide sanctuary from the place of Europe or the free city. Once conceptualized as the threshold of empire, these territories are no longer sanctuary for the illegal and placeless but instead expressions of state violence and thus grounds for abolition.