bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monthly prevalence (in 1986) of antibody titers against equine monocytic ehrlichiosis in apparently healthy horses in Illinois
Authors: Goetz Thomas E. , Holland Cynthia J. , Dawson Jacqueline E. , Ristic Miodrag , Skibbe Kimberly , Keegan Kevin G. , Johnson Philip J. , Schaeffer David J. , Baker Gordon J.
Published: February 2025

The seroprevalence and seasonal trend of antibody titers against equine monocytic ehrlichiosis (Potomac horse fever) were determined in apparently healthy horses in selected areas of Illinois in 1986.

Sera from 1,367 horses (6 months to 29 years old) were evaluated for the presence of antibodies against Ehrlichia risticii with indirect immunofluorescence. The majority 88%) of the horses were Thoroughbred or Standardbred racehorses. The number of horses with antibodies against E risticii was 229/1,367 (16.75%). The titers in these horses ranged from 1:10 to 1:640. As the year progressed, the number of seropositive horses (titers ≥ 1:10) and the magnitude of the titers increased significantly, both reaching maximum intite Jursly increased and August, respectively (P < 0.05 A relationship between seropositivity and gender was not detected. In the year prior to sampling, 56.8 % of the seropositive horses had not been ill whereas 0.8% had diarrhea, an episode of acute abdominal pain, or laminitis.

It was concluded that a large number of horses in Illinois are exposed to E risticii, that maximal exposure occurs in July, and that the most common form of the disease in Illinois is not associated with clinical signs.
Controlled test and clinical evaluation of dienbendazole against naturally acquired gastrointestinal parasites in ponies
Authors: Bello Thomas R.
Published: February 2025

A controlled test was performed to titrate the anthelmintic dosage of dienbendazole in 24 mixed-breed ponies naturally infected with Strongylus vulgaris, S edentatus, and small strongyle species, as determined by parasitic egg and larval counts in feces. Comparison of results of treatment was made among 3 dienbendazole dosages- 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg of body weight-and a gum (excipient) mixture given by nasogastric intubation. All ponies were euthanatized and necropsied at 7 or 8 days after treatment.

Trichostrongylus axei, Habronema muscae, S vulgaris, S edentatus, small strongyles, and Oxyuris equi were efficaciously eliminated in response to all doses of dienbendazole; Gasterophilus spp were not affected by any dose. There were not sufficient numbers of Draschia megastoma, Anoplocephala spp, or Parascaris equorum in the ponies to evaluate drug effect.

Changes in the appearance of the intestinal lining were dose-dependent; in the ponies treated with 5 and 10 mg of dienbendazole/kg, the mucosa appeared clean and smooth, though in ponies given 2.5 mg/kg, it appeared clean, but was nodular and moderately reactive to embedded immature small strongyles. In the gum mixture- treated ponies, the large intestinal mucosa was inflamed, with edematous areas, in response to infections caused by large and small strongyles.

A limited clinical titration was done in 12 ponies that were fecal culture negative for S vulgaris larvae, although other strongyles were detected. Two ponies in each of 6 groups were given the following dosages: 0 (gum mixture only), 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 mg of dienbendazole/kg. One group of 2 ponies was given 5 mg of fenbendazole/kg as a standard treatment control. On the basis of pre- and posttreatment fecal examinations (for egg and larval counts), dienbendazole at dosages that ranged from 1 to 5 mg/kg was highly effective and as effective as fenben- dazole given at a dosage of 5 mg/kg. Small strongyles were most responsive to fenbendazole and dienbendazole at all dosages. Egg production by S edentatus was eliminated by administration of fenbendazole and dienbendazole (at dosages of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg). Administration of dienbendazole at a dosage of 1 mg/kg resulted in partial elimination of S edentatus egg production. Trichostrongylus axei egg production was eliminated by administration of dienbendazole at dosages of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg, but not by the administration of 1 mg/kg. Parascaris equorum egg production was eliminated from the single infected pony given dienbendazole at a dosage of 5 mg/kg.
Effects of dexamethasone on shedding of Listeria monocytogenes in dairy cattle
Authors: Wesley Irene V. , Bryner John H. , Van Der Maaten Martin J. , Kehrli Marcus
Published: February 2025

Ten lactating Holstein cows that had been given multiple injections of Listeria monocytogenes (serotype 4B, Scott A strain) via the intramammary route were allotted to 2 groups: group 1 (n = 5) was treated with the synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (0.04 mg/kg of body weight), for 3 consecutive days, and group 2 (n = 5) 5 served as controls. Two days after the initial dexamethasone injection, the number of L monocytogenes in the milk had increased nearly 15-fold (1.16 log10) over pretreatment values. On day 3, Listeria numbers in the milk had increased by 1.83 log10, compared with pretreatment values. By day 4, Listeria numbers in the milk were approximately 100-fold (2.03 log10) greater than pretreatment numbers. Numbers remained high through day 7 and, by day 11, approached pretreatment numbers. Dexamethasone administration was accompanied by high total wbc and milk somatic cell counts and decreased eosinophil and lymphocyte numbers, and decreased milk production. The increase in shedding of L monocytogenes in the milk may reflect impairment of cell-mediated immune mechanisms and phagocytic cell functions that are critical for sustaining listerial immunity.
Genetic and serologic analysis of feline cell-associated herpesvirus-induced infection of the urinary tract in conventionally reared cats
Authors: Kruger John M. , Osborne Carl A. , Whetstone Cecelia A. , Goyal Sagar M. , Semlak Ruth A.
Published: February 2025

The genetic and antigenic nature of feline cell-associated herpesvirus (Fecahv) was characterized by use of dna restriction endonuclease analysis, and direct and indirect fluorescent antibody (fa) techniques. Serologic responses of 6 conventionally reared cats with induced Fecahv urinary tract infection were retrospectively evaluated, using an indirect fa test. The EcoRI, HindIII, and Pst I restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns of Fecahv dna were similar to those of bovid herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4; DN599 strain) dna. Specific fluorescence was observed when Fecahv-inoculated cell monolayers were reacted with fluorescein-conjugated bhv-4 (DN599 strain) antiserum. Conversely, specific fluorescence was also observed when feline anti-Fecahv serum and fluorescein-conjugated caprine anti-feline IgG was reacted with bhv-4 (DN599 strain)-infected cell monolayers. At postinoculation week 10, serum antibody titer in cats with Fecahv-induced urinary tract infection ranged from 1:2,560 to 1:10,240, as measured by use of indirect fa testing.

It was concluded that Fecahv is a member of the bhv-4 group. In addition, the Fecahv indirect fa test provides a sensitive and specific means of evaluating Fecahv antibody concentration in exposed cats.
Infectivity and antigenicity of Anaplasma marginale from tick cell culture
Authors: Hidalgo R. J. , Palmer G. H. , Jones E. W. , Brown J. E. , Ainsworth A. J.
Published: February 2025

The infectivity and immunogenicity of Anaplasma marginale grown in a tick cell culture from embryonic Dermacentor variabilis ticks were assessed in splenectomized and intact calves, respectively. Culture 1 consisted of the cell line inoculated with midguts of adult ticks infected with the Mississippi isolate of A marginale and dissected 5 to 10 days after repletion and detachment from an experimentally infected calf. Cultures 2 and 3 consisted of the cell line inoculated with midguts of ticks infected with the Virginia isolate of the organism. Inoculum for culture 2 was derived from nymphal ticks dissected 5 to 10 days after repletion and detachment from the infected calf; inoculum for culture 3 was midguts from adult ticks that were fed as nymphs, allowed to molt in the laboratory and dissected 21 to 24 days after molting. In trial 1, cultures 1, 2, and 3 were maintained at pH 6.9 and incubated at 28 C; in trial 2, cultures 1 and 3 were maintained at pH 7.4 and incubated at either 28 C or 37 C. Cultures 1, 2, and 3 failed to induce infection when injected iv and sc into 6 calves in 2 separate trials. Prechallenge sera from these calves reacted with 2 purified Anaplasma antigens in the elisa, but failed to react in the complement-fixation test.

Results of a trial to use cultures 1 and 3 in combination with an oil-in-water adjuvant to immunize intact calves against A marginale were inconclusive. However, prechallenge sera from immunized calves reacted with the 2 purified Anaplasma initial body antigens in the elisa but failed to react in the complement-fixation text. When reacted against electrophoretically separated A marginale initial body proteins disrupted by sodium dodecyl sulfate, prechallenge serums from calves used in infectivity and immunization trials reacted with a majority of the antigens precipitated by an animal experimentally infected by inoculation of infected blood. This offers additional evidence that A marginale was maintained in the tick culture for up to 11 months and that the organism in culture had antigens similar, if not identical, to the erythrocytic stage of the rickettsial agent. The importance of the laboratory culture of A marginale is discussed.
Assessment of canine intestinal permeability, using 51Cr-labeled ethylenediaminetetraacetate
Authors: Hall Edward J. , Batt Roger M. , Brown Aileen
Published: February 2025

The 51Cr-labeled edta was validated as a suitable permeability probe in dogs for measurmmnnt of passive, unmediated diffusion across intestinal mucosa via intercellular pathways. The 51Cr-labeled edta was stable in aqueous solution and did not bind to biologic tissue and fluids. After incubation of 51Cr-labeled edta in isolated jejunal loops, analytic subcellular fractionation of jejunal mucosa on reorientating sucrose-density gradients was performed, and no association of 51Cr-labeled edta with particulate intracellular organelles was detected. Intravenously administered 51Cr-labeled edta was rapidly and completely excreted in urine.

Intestinal permeability to 51Cr-labeled edta after oral administration was assessed in healthy dogs. The percentage of the administered dose of 51Cr-labeled edta excreted in the urine in 24 hours ranged from 2.3 to 17.6% (median, 13%).
Vitamin E, selenium, and polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activity in tissues from pigs with dietetic microangiopathy (mulberry heart disease)
Authors: Rice Desmond A. , Kennedy Seamus
Published: February 2025

Tissues of 27 pigs with spontaneous dietetic microangiopathy (dm) and of 27 control pigs that died of causes unrelated to vitamin E and selenium (E-Se) deficiency were analyzed for α-tocopherol, Se and polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) concentrations and for glutathione perioxidase (gsh-Px) activity. These variables (except for gsh-Px) also were measured in rations fed to control pigs and pigs with dm. Swine with dm had lower heart and liver α-tocopherol concentrations than did control pigs. Heart and kidney Se concentrations and heart and liver pufa concentrations were similar in pigs of either group. Diets fed to both groups of pigs contained similar content of α-tocopherol, Se, oil, and pufa; α-tocopherol and Se concentrations in the diets of both groups of pigs were high. In spite of apparently adequate amount of dietary α-tocopherol, results indicate that pigs with dm had lower tissue α-tocopherol concentration than did control pigs. Spontaneous dm is associated with altered α-tocopherol metabolism, but is unrelated to alterations in dietary Se and pufa contents and tissue Se and pufa concentrations and gsh-Px activity.
Efficacy of ivermectin against experimental and natural infections of Gasterophilus spp in ponies
Authors: Bello Thomas R.
Published: February 2025

Antiparasitic efficacy of ivermectin against migrating Gasterophilus intestinalis was evaluated in 36 treated and 24 nontreated (n = 12) or vehicle-treated (n = 12) ponies experimentally and naturally infected with G intestinalis and naturally infected with G nasalis. Each pony was experimentally infected with 500 G intestinalis 1st instars in 2 divided doses on days - 14 and - 7 before treatment. On day 0, ivermectin was administered at the rate of 200 μg/kg of body weight by iv (n = 12) or im injection (n = 12) or given as an oral paste (n = 12). Ponies were euthanatized and necropsied 21 days after treatment. In each nontreated or vehicle-treated pony, late 1st-, 1st- to 2nd- instar molt, and early 2nd-instars of G intestinalis were found in the mouth, and 2nd- and 3rd instars of G intestinalis and 3rd instars of G nasalis were found in the stomach. Bots were not found in any ivermectin-treated pony and, thus, ivermectin was 100% effective against oral and gastric stages. Adverse reactions were not observed in ponies given ivermectin by im injection or orally, but 1 pony given the vehicle iv and 1 pony given ivermectin (in the vehicle) iv had an anaphylactic reaction, resulting in death of the ivermectin-treated pony. It was speculated that the adverse reaction was caused by histamines released in response to vehicle components given by iv injection.
Effects of atracurium administered by continuous intravenous infusion in halothane-anesthetized horses
Authors: Hildebrand S. V , Hill T.
Published: February 2025

Atracurium (0.4 mg/ml in isotonic NaCl solution) was administered by iv infusion to 7 healthy adult horses for 2 hours. Over the 2-hour period, a 95 to 99% reduction of train-of-four hoof-twitch response was maintained by 0.17 ± 0.01 mg of atracurium/kg of body weight/h, for a total of 161 ± 6 mg of atracurium (mean ± sem) for horses 1 to 4, 6, and 7. Horse 5, a mare in estrus, required 0.49 mg of atracurium/kg/h to maintain comparable relaxation. Hoof-twitch recovery time from 10 to 75% of baseline strength was 19.8 ± 2.5 minutes for all horses. The 10 to 75% recovery time for horse 5 was 18 minutes. Recovery time from discontinuation of halothane until standing was 86 ± 14 minutes (range, 55 to 165 minutes). Horse 5 had a 165-minute recovery. Regarding recovery from anesthesia, 3 recoveries were rated as excellent, 1 recovery good, and 2 recoveries as fair. Horse 5 laid quietly until she stood with 1 strong, smooth effort.
Clinical and pathologic effects of spiral and total ring prostheses applied to the cervical and thoracic portions of the trachea of dogs
Authors: Fingland Roger B. , Weisbrode Steven E. , DeHoff William D.
Published: February 2025

This study compared the short-term clinical and pathologic effects of spiral and total ring prostheses, applied to the cervical and thoracic portions of the trachea of dogs via a combined intercostal thoracotomy and ventral cervical midline approach. The effect of intraluminal placement of synthetic monofilament nonabsorbable suture also was evaluated.

Eleven small-breed dogs were randomly allotted to 3 groups. Group 1 (n = 3) were controls that had been treated by sham operation, group 2 (n = 4) had polypropylene spiral prostheses applied to the cervical and thoracic portions of the trachea, and group 3 (n = 3) had total ring prostheses applied to the cervical and thoracic portions of the trachea. All dogs were euthanatized and necropsied 8 weeks after surgery.

Clinical complications were minimal and limited to mild, short-term lameness and coughing. Three and 6 weeks after surgery, radiographs were within normal limits in all dogs. Tracheoscopy confirmed maintenance of tracheal lumen diameter and integrity of the mucosal epithelium in all dogs.

Gross and microscopic postmortem findings were similar in groups 2 and 3. Mild adhesions were present between prostheses and adjacent structures. Similar adhesions were present where prostheses had been applied and subsequently removed in group-1 dogs. Histopathologic abnormalities included mild to moderate adventitial and periprosthetic fibrosis and mild adventitial inflammation associated with polypropylene spiral prostheses and total ring prostheses. The majority (70%) of intratracheal sutures evaluated were covered by microscopically normal ciliated mucosal epithelium by 8 weeks after surgery.

Polypropylene spiral prostheses and total ring prostheses applied to the cervical and thoracic portions of the trachea of dogs in the manner described appear to be tolerated well and produce a minimal tissue response over the study period.
Dermatosis associated with feeding generic dog food: 13 cases (1981-1982)
Authors: Sousa Candace A. , Stannard Anthony A. , Ihrke Peter J. , Reinke Susan I. , Schmeitzel Lynn P.
Published: February 2025

The records of 13 dogs with a crusting dermatosis of the mucocutaneous junctions, pressure points, and trunk were evaluated. All of the dogs had been fed corn- and wheat-based commercial dry dog foods that failed to meet the National Research Council's recommendations for balanced nutrition. The dermatosis in all 13 dogs resolved completely after the diet was changed to one that met the National Research Council's recommendations. The disease was similar to that which has previously been called canine dry pyoderma, but is now known to be a zinc-responsive dermatosis.
Financial impact of transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs
Authors: Mousing Jan , Vågsholm Ivar , Carpenter Tim E. , Gardner Ian A. , Hird David W.
Published: February 2025

The financial impact of an epizootic of transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs was evaluated in a California sow herd through estimating growth, feed, and profit functions. Two groups of pigs were studied: pigs born before and surviving the epizootic (epizootic [E] pigs), and pigs born after the epizootic (postepizootic [PE] pigs). Short-term profits were maximized at 165 days for both groups of pigs, ranging from $47.14 for female E pigs to $60.32 for male PE pigs. Accordingly, it was concluded that pigs surviving or born shortly after a transmissible gastroenteritis epizootic are profitable to raise, if raised under management conditions similar to those in the study herd.
Properties of n-ary hypergroups relevant for modelling trajectories in HD maps
Authors: Křehlík Štěpán , Novák Michal , Bolat Melis
Published: February 2025

In the paper we show that trajectories used in HD maps of autonomous vehicles can be well modelled by means of n-ary hyperoperations and hypergroups. We investigate some properties of such hypergroups.
Collectively Fixed Point Theory in the Compact and Coercive Cases
Authors: O’Regan Donal
Published: February 2025

We present collectively fixed point results for multivalued maps which automatically generate analytic alternatives and minimax inequalities. As an application we consider equilbrium type problems for generalized games.
Sombor index of zero-divisor graphs of commutative rings
Authors: Gürsoy Arif , Ülker Alper , Kircali Gürsoy Necla
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we investigate the Sombor index of the zero-divisor graph of ℤ
n
which is denoted by Γ(ℤ
n
) for n ∈ {pα, pq, p
2
q, pqr} where p, q and r are distinct prime numbers. Moreover, we introduce an algorithm which calculates the Sombor index of Γ(ℤ
n
). Finally, we give Sombor index of product of rings of integers modulo n.
Ellipses surrounding convex bodies
Authors: Zamfirescu Tudor
Published: February 2025

If, for a double normal xx
* of a convex body K, an ellipse E ∋ x, x
* is included in K, we say that E is surrounded by the boundary of K. If, instead, in the plane of E, K is included in the convex hull of E, then we say that E is surrounding K. In this paper we investigate surrounding and surrounded ellipses, particularly circles. We do this for arbitrary convex bodies, for polytopes, for convex bodies of constant width, and for most convex bodies (in the sense of Baire categories).
Geometry of coupled dispersionless equations with Mannheim curves
Authors: Eren Kemal
Published: February 2025

In this paper, a special kind of curve pair associated with each other by the linear dependency between the principal normal vector of the first curve (called Mannheim curve) and the binormal vector of the second curve (called Mannheim partner curve) is considered. A connection with the coupled dispersionless equation and Mannheim curve pair is established. Also, the Lax pair of the obtained coupled dispersionless equation from the motions of any Mannheim curve pair is given. This gives us a significant condition based on the curvature and torsion of any Mannheim curve for its integrability since it is well-known that the Lax pair provides the integrability of di erential equations.
Similarity relations and exponential of dual-generalized complex matrices
Authors: Gürses Nurten , Şentürk Gülsüm Yeliz
Published: February 2025

In this study, taking into account the fundamental properties of dual-generalized complex (DGC) matrices, various types of similarity relations are introduced considering coneigenvalues/coneigenvectors via di erent conjugates. The exponential version of DGC matrices are identified and then their theoretical characteristic theorems are obtained. Finally, examples for DGC matrix exponential are given.
On a relation between GAG codes and AG codes
Authors: Şenel Engin , Öke Figen
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we first give a relationship between generalized algebraic geometry codes (GAG codes) and algebraic geometry codes (AG codes). More precisely, we show that a GAG code is contained (up to isomorphism) in a suitable AG code. Next we recall the concept of an N
1
N
2-automorphism group, a subgroup of the automorphism group of a GAG code. With the use of the relation we obtained between these two classes of codes, we show that the N
1
N
2-automorphism group is a subgroup of the automorphism group of an AG code.
On an eigenvalue problem associated with the (p, q) − Laplacian
Authors: Barbu Luminiţa , Burlacu Andreea , Moroşanu Gheorghe
Published: February 2025

Let Ω ⊂ ℝ
N
, N ≥ 2, be a bounded domain with smooth boundary ∂Ω. Consider the following generalized Robin-Steklov eigenvalue problem associated with the operator 𝒜u = − Δ
pu − Δ
qu

{

𝒜
u
+

ρ

1

(
x
)

|
u
|

p
-
2

u
+

ρ

2

(
x
)

|
u
|

q
-
2

u
=
λ
α

(
x
)

|
u
|

r
-
2

u
,
 
 
 
x
∈
Ω
,

∂
u

∂

v

A

+

γ

1

(
x
)

|
u
|

p
-
2

u
+

γ

2

(
x
)

|
u
|

q
-
2

u
=
λ
β

(
x
)

|
u
|

r
-
2

u
,
 
 
x
∈
∂
Ω
,

\left\{ {\matrix{ {\mathcal{A}u + {\rho _1}\left( x \right){{\left| u \right|}^{p - 2}}u + {\rho _2}\left( x \right){{\left| u \right|}^{q - 2}}u = \lambda \alpha \left( x \right){{\left| u \right|}^{r - 2}}u,\,\,\,x \in \Omega ,} \cr {{{\partial u} \over {\partial {v_A}}} + {\gamma _1}\left( x \right){{\left| u \right|}^{p - 2}}u + {\gamma _2}\left( x \right){{\left| u \right|}^{q - 2}}u = \lambda \beta \left( x \right){{\left| u \right|}^{r - 2}}u,\,\,x \in \partial \Omega ,} \cr } } \right.

where p, q, r ∈ (1, ∞), p < q; α, ρi
∈ L
∞(Ω) and β, γi
∈ L
∞(∂Ω) are nonnegative functions satisfying ∫Ω
α dx + ∫∂Ω β dσ > 0 and ∫Ω ρ
i dx + ∫∂Ω γ
i dσ > 0, i = 1, 2.

We show that, if either r < p or r > q with r < q(N − 1)/(N − q) in case q < N, then the eigenvalue set (spectrum) of the above problem is precisely (0, ∞). If r ∈ {p, q} then the corresponding spectrum is a smaller interval (d, ∞), d > 0. On the other hand, if r ∈ (p, q) with r < p(N − 1)/(N − p) in case p < N, then we are able to identify an interval of eigenvalues [λ*, ∞), where λ* is a positive number depending on r.

Obviously, the spectrum of the above problem coincides with the spectra of the Neumann-like, Robin-like, and Steklov-like eigenvalue problems corresponding to the cases when some of the functions α, β, γ
i
vanish.
Existence and attractivity results on semi-infinite intervals for integrodifferential equations with non-instantaneous impulsions in Banach spaces
Authors: Bensalem Abdelhamid , Salim Abdelkrim , Benchohra Mouffak , Karapinar Erdal
Published: February 2025

In this article, we study the existence of mild solutions of a non-instantaneous integrodi erential equations on unbounded domain via resolvent operators in Banach space. For our proofs, we employ the semigroups theory and Schauder’s fixed point theorem. Moreover, we show that solutions of our problem are attractive. Finally, an example is given to validate the theory part.
Stochastic ordering of discrete multivariate distributions. Algorithm in C++ with applications in the comparison of number of claims and extremes order statistics
Authors: Catana Luigi-Ionut
Published: February 2025

In this article we present a stochastic ordering verification algorithm between multivariate discrete distributions implemented in the C++ programming language. This algorithm is essential in problems of finding the optimal portfolio when dealing with discrete distributions.
Non-Archimedean stabilities of multiplicative inverse µ-functional inequalities
Authors: Dutta Hemen , Senthil Kumar B. V. , Suresh S.
Published: February 2025

This study is motivated through the interesting non-Arcchimedean stability results of ρ-inequalities and ρ-equations arising from linear, second power, third power and fourth power mappings. The aim of this paper is to determine the solutions of new multiplicative inverse µ-inequalities and µ-equations arising from multiplicative inverse mapping. Further, their stabilities involved with various superior limits are proved in the context of non-Archimedean complete normed spaces.
On the unrestricted virtual singular braid
Authors: Ligouras Panagiote
Published: February 2025

Let n, m ∈ ℕ, n ≥ 3 and n ≥ m ≥ 2. In this paper, we study some properties of the unrestricted virtual singular braid of braid monoid
UVSB
mn
and group
UVSG

mn
. These properties emerged by studying the analogous properties of the unrestricted virtual singular pseudosymmetric braid of braid monoid and group. These mathematical objects are submonoids and subgroups of the virtual singular braid group VSGn
. For many of these quotients, we have obtained reduced presentations.
Recent advances of crack propagation in human bone
Authors: Craciun EM. , Cergan R. , Dragosloveanu S.
Published: February 2025

Recent results in mathematical modeling predicting crack behavior under various load conditions in human bones as anisotropic elastic composite materials are presented in this survey. New and interesting challenges in theoretical models of fracture were proposed and had significant importance for fracture mechanics. Our goal is to present an overview of the use and limitations of existing relevant theories. The present study aims to introduce mathematical models to researchers unfamiliar with the concepts, to improve and provide new insights into bone fracture mechanics.
Determining the b-chromatic number of subdivision-vertex neighbourhood coronas
Authors: Falcón Raúl M. , Venkatachalam M. , Julie Margaret S.
Published: February 2025

Let G and H be two graphs, each one of them being a path, a cycle or a star. In this paper, we determine the b-chromatic number of every subdivision-vertex neighbourhood corona G ⊡ H or G ⊡ K
n, where K
n is the complete graph of order n. It is also established for those graphs K
n ⊡ G having m-degree not greater than n + 2. All the proofs are accompanied by illustrative examples.
Chemistry in the Kitchen: Practical Insights for High School Students
Authors: Belkheiri Nadji , Rebizi Mohamed Nadjib
Published: February 2025

Chemistry plays a crucial role in everyday life, particularly in the kitchen, where its principles can enhance problem-solving skills and informed decision-making. This study aims to evaluate high school students’ understanding of applied chemistry in culinary contexts. A questionnaire was administered to 76 students, revealing that 42.6 % provided correct answers regarding the application of chemistry in the kitchen. The methodology involved analysing students’ responses to assess their awareness and appreciation of chemistry’s practical value. The findings suggest that promoting the application of chemistry principles not only fosters responsible citizenship but also optimises daily life benefits. Future research should explore effective strategies to enhance students’ engagement with chemistry in real-world contexts.
The Definition of Intelligence Activity
Authors: Britovšek Jaroš
Published: February 2025

Intelligence and counterintelligence (as activities) operate in a competitive environment, where they are crucial for gaining and maintaining a competitive advantage in decision-making processes. Intelligence involves the collection and analysis well as informing decision-makers. Counterintelligence, on the other hand, is focused on detecting and preventing the intelligence activities of adversaries. It is important to emphasize that intelligence activities are not intended to influence others but to provide decision-makers with timely and better insights than those available to their competitors. These activities are carried out at various levels and in different fields, differing in scale, capabilities, and limitations, but share the same goal – to achieve or maintain a competitive advantage in decision-making.
Development of Anthro-Fitness Model for Evaluating Firefighter Recruits’ Performance Readiness Using Machine Learning
Authors: Mohamed Borhanudin Mohd Yusof , Musa Rabiu Muazu , Nazarudin Mohamad Nizam , Abdul Majeed Anwar P. P. , Raj Naresh Bhaskar , Razmaan Mohd Azraai Mohd
Published: February 2025

The role of firefighters has evolved from traditional tasks like rescuing cats from trees and extinguishing house fires to more complex land, sea, and air rescues. The increasing demands for public safety necessitate rigorous training and high fitness levels for firefighters to manage their daily tasks effectively. In this study, final assessments of fitness and anthropometric parameters were gathered from 746 Malaysian firefighter recruits. A k-means clustering algorithm was utilized to group the performance levels of the firefighters whilst a quadratic discriminant analysis model was employed to predict the grouping of firefighters based on these parameters. Feature importance analysis was used to identify the most significant parameters contributing to model performance. Concurrently, the Mann-Whitney test was used to determine the essential anthro-fitness parameters differentiating between the groups of firefighters. The k-means clustering identified two performance groups: excellent and average anthro-fitness readiness (EFR and AFR) groups. The model demonstrated a mean performance accuracy of 91% for training and 87% for independent tests. Feature importance analysis revealed that inclined pull-ups, standing broad jump, shuttle run, 2.4 km run, age, and sit-ups were the most significant parameters. The Mann-Whitney test showed that the EFR group outperformed the AFR group in all anthro-fitness parameters except for height, weight, and age, which showed no significant difference. This study highlights the critical role of specific fitness and anthropometric parameters in distinguishing high-performing firefighters. By identifying the most significant contributors to overall fitness, fire departments can better prepare their personnel to meet the increasing public safety demands. The high accuracy of the predictive model also suggests its potential application in ongoing firefighter assessments and training optimization.
Deep learning framework for precision grading and non-invasive Apple sweetness evaluation
Authors: Gaikwad Shilpa , Kothari Sonali
Published: February 2025

This research aims to find an economical, non-invasive solution for grading apples by sweetness based on multispectral imaging. This paper examines the relationship between sugar levels and multispectral images of apple fruit taken inside a wooden multispectral imaging enclosure specially designed for taking apple pictures. In addition, using a hand-held refractometer, the sugar content of different apple samples and their corresponding multispectral images are collected. The methodology includes designing and building a prototype camera chamber, gathering pictures of various apples, and using advanced image analysis software to process the data. Prediction of outcomes: Building a practical grading system based on non-invasive multispectral imaging and finding a significant spectral feature of Apple fruit's sweetness levels in the project's range of concern. The proposed system implemented AppleNet, a convolutional neural network (CNN) within MATLAB, to process the multispectral images, and the accuracy achieved for grading the sweetness of apple fruit is 65%.
Reimagining the Mathematics Classroom through Magical Realism
Authors: Xenofontos Constantinos
Published: February 2025

This paper explores magical realism as a theoretical lens for analysing mathematics classrooms. Traditional frameworks often overlook the complexities of teaching and learning, focusing solely on measurable aspects. Inspired by magical realism – a literary genre blending the fantastical and the everyday – I propose a new perspective on how abstract mathematical concepts connect with students’ lived experiences. This approach values ambiguity emphasises productive struggle, and advocates for culturally responsive pedagogy. It challenges linear views of learning, recognising its non-linear, insight-driven nature. While conceptual, this framework offers potential for transforming classroom practices, though further empirical research is needed to examine its impact.
Analysis of the effect of curing and mixing periods on mechanical properties of the geopolymer composite
Authors: Verma Manvendra , Meena Rahul Kumar , Khan Mohammad Iqbal , Khatib Jamal M.
Published: February 2025

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) can be substituted for Portland cement concrete because it is cement-free, environmentally friendly, cost-effective, durable, and highly performing. It is an excellent solution for sustainable growth in the building sector. The curing and mixing periods are essential for making homogeneous, compact, or highly dense concrete. The primary aim of this research was to analyze the effect of mixing and curing periods on the physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics of GPC. The experimental analysis investigated its physical properties, chemical properties, and mechanical properties. After the experimental investigation, it was concluded that the workability and setting time decreased with the increase in mixing time. Regarding chemical properties, the density of GPC specimens reduced as the curing time increased, and it increased as the mixing time increased, although drying shrinkage decreased under both scenarios. For mechanical properties, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and elastic modulus initially increased with the increase in mixing and curing time up to 24 h but decreased significantly afterward. In the analysis of the non-destructive test, the rebound strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity exhibited the same pattern as the destructive mechanical characteristics, with the 24- h curing period achieving the highest point among all other curing times. This research found that the optimum oven curing period for GPC was 24 h for gaining mechanical and chemical properties because the mixing and curing periods play an essential role in gaining strength.
The Art of Dancing in History/Research/Today
Authors: Svarstad Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

This combined academic-artistic keynote presentation was held at the 16th NOFOD conference: The Dancer and the Dance: Practices, Education, Communities, Traditions, and Histories. As a dancer and researcher in the field of historical dance, interpreting historical sources for dance is a great part of my work. Reflections on how we can approach past dance practices from a contemporary point of view, the artist and researcher’s subjectivity, and what factors come into play when interpreting dance in history are essential parts of my work. A turning point in my research, when I realized that I could not separate the researcher from the dancer, forms the starting point for discussing the importance of the researcher’s practice knowledge and bodily experience. Through examples from findings about dance and dancers in history, I am presenting a combination of three methodological approaches that acknowledge how the researcher’s experience may affect the upshots. Hermeneutics; interpretation and sense-making in meeting with the historical source material, tacit knowledge; implicit and undefinable in a dancer/dance-literate researcher, and practice-based research; acknowledges practice and an artistic relation to the material being studied in research on past practices.
The Role of Physical and Recreational Activities in Occupational Therapy at Social Welfare Centres in Poland
Authors: Olszewski-Strzyżowski Dariusz Jacek
Published: February 2025

This article presents a study on the potential role of physical, sporting, recreational and tourism activities as elements of occupational therapy conducted in Social Welfare Centres (OPS) in Poland. The aim of the study was to assess the benefits that may arise from these activities offered to clients of OPS (various groups of excluded people) and their impact on improving the well-being of people using social welfare. A selection of programmes and projects offered by centres providing a variety of physical, sporting, recreational and tourism activities are presented. The results of the research show the numerous benefits of participation in activity classes for the excluded, who indicate an improvement in both their physical and mental health, while experiencing a sense of social belonging that then promotes the development of social skills and their social integration. It is important for Social Welfare Centres to continue and develop further projects and programmes in the future that would include these activities as effective and efficient therapeutic tools, aimed at the reintegration and social inclusion of people affected by exclusion.
COVID-19 or systemic lupus erythematosus: Attention to similarity
Authors: Erden Abdulsamet , Karakaş Özlem , Ulusoy Bahar Özdemir , Gemcioğlu Emin , İzdeş Seval , Güner Rahmet , Yarkan Handan , Erden Fatma , Omma Ahmet , Küçükşahin Orhan
Published: February 2025

Background

Arthralgia, myalgia, acute interstitial pneumonia-like presentation, venous thromboembolism, cytopenia, secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and cytokine storm are the clinical and laboratory findings associated with Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which may mimic rheumatic syndromes. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a highly heterogeneous disease, and various clinical features can be seen in affected individuals. Differentiated diagnoses are quite broad in SLE. We present six patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and/ or antiphospholipid syndrome mimicking COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods

We described the demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory characteristics of six consecutive patients with suspected COVID-19 between 16 April and 1 June 2020—all patients presented with COVID-19 symptoms.

Results

All patients had two COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, and all of them were negative. Four patients were diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), one with systemic lupus erythematosus with antiphospholipid syndrome, and one with antiphospholipid syndrome. The ages of our patients were between 20 and 43. All patients had arthralgia. Four of our patients (66.6%) needed intensive care.

Conclusions

Arthralgia with myalgia was observed to be a clue for a rheumatic disorder. Clinicians should be mindful of infectious and non-infectious disorders that may present similarly to COVID-19, particularly during the pandemic.
A construção científica do político em educação
Authors: Correia José Alberto
Published: February 2025

Com este texto propomos uma análise das relações entre a definição política e a definição científica da educação. Procede-se, num primeiro momento, a uma análise crítica dos dois paradigmas que desempenharam um papel  estruturante na construção das narrativas dominantes no campo educativo nos últimos 50 anos. Em seguida, propõe-se um paradigma alternativo que se quer crítico e controverso.
Integrating Public Health Data and Epidemiological Models in Business Decision-Making Post COVID-19
Authors: Sanjur José Santamaría , Alvadaro Sebastián Reyes
Published: February 2025

Objective: Propose the integration of public health data and epidemiological models into decision-making processes for health-related businesses in the Panamanian economy during future pandemics.
 
Theoretical Framework: The analysis of the relationship between public health and the economy, through econometric models, basic reproduction number, effective reproduction number, and their interaction in health crisis contexts, provides a foundation for understanding the use of epidemiological data in strategic crisis management.
 
Method: The methodology involves a quantitative approach using time series and predictive models applied to secondary data from the Ministry of Health of Panama on COVID-19 cases between march-april 2020.
Results and Discussion: A strong relationship was found between hospitalized cases in regular wards and ICUs, consistent with findings from Kucharski et al. (2020) and Petrucci et al. (2020). This suggests that an increase in direct infections translates to higher demand for hospital services, enabling the anticipation of risks and strategic planning for staff and supplies.
 
Research Implications: The implementation of models that account for trends, seasonality, cycles, and irregularities, complemented by the analysis of relationships between variables, facilitates the development of predictive models that incorporate epidemiological indicators and their effects on any economic sector, particularly health-related ones.
 
Originality/Value: This study proposes a comprehensive framework that combines public health data with econometric models, offering an innovative tool for business decision-making during health crises.
Overview of Vegetables and Fruits Sold at the Supply Center of the State of Pará
Authors: Lemos Elane Cristina Melo , Fernandes Nancy Santos , Bispo Carlos José Capela , Pontes Altem Nascimento , Lucas Flávia Cristina Araújo
Published: February 2025

Objective: Present an overview of the marketing of vegetables and fruits sold at the Pará State Supply Center (Ceasa-PA).
 
Theoretical Framework: It is based on the characterization of Ceasa-PA's profile, as well as the classifications of the fruits and vegetables that are sold in this commercial establishment.
 
Method: The study was carried out at Ceasa-PA, and its main method was qualitative and quantitative exploratory research.
 
Results and Discussion: The applied statistics, comparing medians (Kruskal-wallis test), showed that there was a significant difference between fruits and vegetables; fruits and vegetables; foliage and root vegetables, where p < 0.05. and, in the period from 2018 to 2022, the average annual circulation in Ceasa-PA was practically 50% (124.7 x 103 tons) of the “Fruit” category, followed by “root vegetables” (~25%; 60.8 x 103 tons); “Fruit vegetables” (~15%; 37.9 x 103 tons) and “foliage vegetables” (~10%; 13.2 x 103 tons). The same proportion of products sold were wasted vegetables, such as bananas and oranges, potatoes and onions, tomatoes and peppers, and cabbage, in the respective categories.
 
Research Implications: The research contributes to knowledge of the local community, including farmers, sellers and customers, and the commercial profile of Ceasa-PA. It can also offer a basis for the formulation of public policies and internal protocols monitored by the establishment's Managers and Employees.
 
Originality/Value: The study proposes to explore the types of fruit and vegetables sold and the commercial relationships carried out by Ceasa-PA. Based on the data obtained in this research and their treatment, it becomes possible to improve public policies.
Twórczość na lekcjach języka polskiego
Authors: Kucharska-Babula Agata
Published: February 2025

The article explores the implementation of creative activities at school. The author tries to demonstrate the necessity of shaping so-called soft competencies such as innovativeness, flexi­ bility, and creativity in contemporary schools. The text discusses the results of the survey research concerning how Polish language teachers engage students in creative activities and proposes creative exercises. The author also discusses the essays produced by her primary and secondary school students.
Ekfraza w edukacji polonistycznej (z perspektywy nauczania integrującego)
Authors: Mazur Elżbieta
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the place of ekphrasis in Polish language education. In the light of Henryk Kurczab’s concept of integrative teaching, as well as comparative and interdisciplinary research, using teaching by experiencing, doing, investigating, selected ekphrastic poems by Zbigniew Herbert and Adriana Szymanska and essayistic ekphrases are discussed. The proposed approach proves that the literary fascination with painting present in poetry and essayism of the XX–XXI centuries allows for exploring the dialogue between a poet or an essayist and a painter, as well as between a teacher and students.
Nauczanie retorycznej argumentacji jako element kształcenia podmiotowego – trudności i szanse
Authors: Ryszka-Kurczab Magdalena
Published: February 2025

In the core curriculum of the Polish language in secondary schools, many areas of knowledge and skills are indicated as rhetorical, while the area of argumentative, persuasive and polemical competencies is recognised as rhetorical par excellence. The article draws attention to the fact that argumentative and polemical issues, combining the issue of language use with the issue of correct and incorrect thinking, are realised to an unsatisfactory degree within the framework of Polish language (literary and linguistic) education. The school essay, which is considered to be an argumentative form of writing, hardly deals with genuinely controversial topics and teaches explanation and illustration by example rather than critical analysis of different ways of thinking and correct inference. In the opinion of the author of this article, argumentative and polemical competencies belong to the competencies of the future, because living in Western democratic societies, which are changing dynamically and becoming increasingly multicultural, will inevitably involve the ability to critically evaluate different (and often mutually contradictory) positions and reasonings. Given the fact that the argumentative component of rhetorical education is currently insufficiently implemented at school, the author calls for a reconsideration of the way in which methodological solutions are designed. This will allow for reliable practice of argumentative and polemical skills included in the core curriculum as content and objectives of education.