bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGUJIAN EFEKTIVITAS DIURETIK KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN AFRIKA (Gymnanthemum amygdalinum Del.) DAN DAUN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) PADA TIKUS JANTAN
Authors: Simorangkir Delisma
Published: November 2020

African Leaf and palm leaf crops have a secondary metabolite content such as alkaloids and flavonoids that are efficacious as diuretics. The purpose of this study is to know the effectiveness of diuretics from the combination  African leaf ethanol extract and palm leaf ethanol extract. Methods used Eksperiemental. The test of diuretic activity is conducted divided into 6 treatment groups. Each group consists of 3 tails of white rats. Group 1 (positive control) administered Furosemide 3.6 mg/kgBB, Group 2 (negative control) was given suspension Na-CMC 0.5%, group 3 without treatment as well as groups of 4.5, and 6 in a row administered a combination of African leaf extract doses and extracts Oil palm leaf ethanol in a row of "50 mg/kgBB + 67, 5mg/kgBB"; "100mg/kgBB + 135 mg/kgBB"; and "200 mg/kgBB + 270 mg/kgBB". Each mouse is then given a 20ml NaCl/kgBB as an oral loading dose. Measured urine volume is recorded every hour for 6 hours after it continues to measure urine volume. The results showed that the combination of African leaf ethanol extract dosage and palm leaf ethanol extract had a diuretic effect if it was compared with negative control. The conclusion of the study was the results of the study showed that the combination of African leaf extract dosage and palm leaf extract is the most effective dose of Group 6 (African leaf extract 200 mg/kgBB + palm leaves 270 mg/kgBB ). Because it produces the highest urine volume of 23.01 ml.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF LIME JUICE EXTRACT AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI
Authors: Nerdy Nerdy , Tarigan Palas , Elysa Elysa , Lestari Puji , Nurmalisa Siti
Published: November 2020

Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) is known to have seceral phytochemical contents (flavonoids and saponins) that can be memiliki berbagai aktivitas farmakologis yang bermanfaat. Salah satu aktivitas farmaokologis yang diberikan oleh flavonoid adalah sebagai antibacterial activity. The aims of this research was to determine the antibacterial activity of lime juice against Escherichia coli bacteria. This research used an experimental laboratory research method using antibacterial effectiveness trials against the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. The research design for antibacterial effectiveness used the lime fruit extract method with 4 treatment groups, positive control and negative control. Antibacterial effectiveness was observed the inhibition zone diameter by disc diffusion method. Results of the Escherichia coli antibacterial effectiveness test obtained at a concentration of 100% had antibacterial activity with an average diameter of the inhibition zone 19.9 mm. The lowest concentration that still provides antibacterial resistance against Escherichia coli is at a concentration of 12.5% ​​with an average diameter of the inhibition zone of 17.9 mm. The results obtained indicated that the antibacterial effectiveness test on lime fruit extract is very strong. At a concentration of 100% it has the best antibacterial activity, the inhibition zone diameter similar with the inhibition zone of 500 mg tetracycline.
Limnological Study of the Čertovo Lake
Authors: Kocum Jan , Janský Bohumír
Published: November 2020

The main aim of the limnological research of the Čertovo Lake (Bohemian Forest, south-western Czechia) was to make its precise ground plan, to characterize the depth conditions of the lake basin and to determine the accurate altitude of the lake water level. One of the main outcomes of the study is the bathymetric map of this second largest glacial lake in Czechia. The description of morphometric characteristics of the lake catchment was also one part of the research. The analysis of the hydrological regime of the lake and of rainfall-outflow processes in its catchment has been carried out for the first time in the history of research activities in this locality. In order to elaborate a comprehensive geographical study of the lake, monitoring of the temperature conditions and ice phenomena of the accumulated water, of water transparency and colour and of its physical and chemical characteristics was also made.
The oxbow lakes of the central part of the River Labe - comparative study of water quality and heavy metals concentrations in sediment
Authors: Chalupová Dagmar , Janský Bohumír
Published: November 2020

In the years 2000 and 2002, the research of three fluvial lakes of the central part of the River Labe was carried out. All three localities were chosen to evaluate the environmental state and the impact of human activity. The research included physical, chemical, hydrobiological analyses of water, analyses of sediments and bathymetric measurements. In spite of the identical origin of these lakes, major differences were found e.g. oxygen saturation, BOD5, water loading with nutrients, calcium and chlorides concentrations. Considering the heavy metals in sediments significant differences in concentration - depth relation were determined at each locality as well.
POTENTIAL OF USING MACHINOEKI AS PUSH FACTOR TO ENCOURAGE COMMUNITY WALKING IN TOWN
Authors: Shamsul Harumain Yong Adilah , Nordin Nikmatul Adha , Azmi Nur Farhana , Teppei Osada , Morimoto Akinori , Zaini SF
Published: November 2020

Prior studies have identified that enhancing a city’s walkability could be helpful in revitalizing an old, decayed or blighted downtown. While the benefits of walking are obvious and have been widely explored especially in terms of health and environment, this paper explores the potential of Machinoeki as a push factor in changing the mindset of a community about walking. A pilot survey was conducted to understand the interests of people in selecting their mode of transport and to communicate with the willingness of respondents to change their attitude by introducing facilities that can promote walking needs. To gather a collection of respondents and further to illustrate the role of Machinoeki, a simple random sampling method was used. The paper concludes that while Machinoeki has the right facilities to encourage walking, more research is needed to demonstrate the link between facilities with the community's preference for walking in town. In this analysis, however, we found that the Machinoeki components have the potential to be a push factor with respect to the positive responses of 72 percent of respondents to Machinoeki's ability to encourage walking.

Keywords: Walkability, Machinoeki, Public Transportation, Taiping
INDIVIDUAL, ORGANIZATION AND OPPORTUNITY FACTOR IN THE RELATION TO EMPLOYEE MISCONDUCT IN WORKPLACE: A REVIEW
Authors: Kunapalan Hemamalani d/o Kunapalan , Visvanathan Vijaya Baskaran
Published: November 2020

There are several significant variables that leading to employee misconduct in workplace: individual factor,organization factor and opportunity factor. This paper will examine those significant factors, followed by a brief introduction of these sets of factors. A case will be presented to illustrate and demonstrate the model in evaluating ethical misconduct in workplace. The main causes of misconduct of employees will be evaluated and overcoming the obstacle will be exposed. Employee misconduct might be common in public and private sector; however, an appropriate action should be imposed to determine the minimal consequences towards employee performance and organizational development.

Keyword: Individual, organization, opportunity, employee, misconduct
GAJAH (யானை) DALAM PERIBAHASA TAMIL: ANALISIS SEMANTIK INKUISITIF
Authors: Murthy Tangaprabu , Subet Mary Fatimah
Published: November 2020

The culture and the intellect of the community can be seen through figurative language, especially proverbs. However, society is less aware of the culture elements that are hidden behind each proverbs. Therefore, This study was conducted to identify the implicit meaning of the Tamil proverbs with the image of an elephant (yanai) and to look at the cultural influence and intellect of the community analyzed using the inquisitive semantic approach introduced by Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin (2014). Fifteen informants were seleted and interviewed via  NORF sampling leading to Non-Mobile, Older, female and NORM which is Non-Mobile, Older, Male. The results show that each proverb is used based on several factors such as history, religion, culture and so on. In fact, the results also indicate that there is a high degree of intellect in the creation of this elephant-inspired proverbs.

Keywords: Tamil proverbs; inquisitive semantics; Indian community; animal; elephant (yanai)

 

 

Abstrak: Budaya dan akal budi sesebuah masyarakat dapat dilihat melalui bahasa kiasan contohnya peribahasa. Walau bagaimanpun, masyarakat kurang mengetahui unsur budaya yang tersembunyi di sebalik setiap penciptaan sesebuah peribahasa. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengenal pasti makna implisit di sebalik peribahasa Tamil yang mempunyai imej gajah (yanai) dan melihat pengaruh budaya serta akal budi masyarakat India. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan semantik inkuisitif yang diperkenalkan oleh Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin (2014) bagi menganalisis datanya. Lima belas orang informan yang dipilih dan ditemu bual secata mendalam melalui persampelan bertujuan.  Pemilihan informan adalah secara NORF iaitu merujuk kepada  Non Mobile, Old, Remote dan Female dan NORM merujuk kepada Non-mobile (tinggal tetap), Older (tua), Rural (luar bandar), Male (lelaki). Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa setiap peribahasa digunakan  berdasarkan beberapa sebab seperti sejarah, agama, budaya dan sebagainya. Malah, hasil turut menunjukkan bahawa terdapat unsur akal budi yang tinggi dalam penciptaan peribahasa yang berunsur gajah ini.

Kata kunci: Peribahasa Tamil; semantik inkuisitif; masyarakat India; haiwan; gajah (yanai)
PERISTIWA ANEH DALAM CERITA RAKYAT “HIKAYAT NAKHODA MUDA”: ANALISIS SEMANTIK INKUISITIF
Authors: Hedel Nur Ezatull Fadtehah , Subet Mary Fatimah
Published: November 2020

Strange events always absorbed in the creation of folk stories. This happens as strange events are able to trigger emotions such as excitement, curiosity and peculiarity among readers and listeners.  However, the strange event cannot be translated literally due to the presence of the implicit meaning in the text. Therefore, to explore the implicit meanings that occur in the text, the researcher applied the Inquisitive Semantics (IS) by Jalaluddin (2014) and Bridging Cross Reference (BCR) approach by Kempson (1986).  This is a fully qualitative study as it involves text analysis from a documented book. The source of the data was obtained from a book entitled “Antologi Enam Hikayat” by Nor (2016). The limitation of this study, the researcher only analyze folklore entitle “Hikayat Nakhoda Muda”. Based on the findings of the study,  this folklore have 10 strange event. Therefore, by using IS and BCR, the researcher can answer why strange events occur in this folklore based on data, cognitive, theory and philosophy in order to explore the wisdom of the people in the past that are high in intellect.

Keywords: folklore; Hikayat Nakhoda Muda; strange event; inquisitive semantics; intelligence

 

Abstrak: Peristiwa aneh sering diserapkan dalam penciptaan cerita rakyat. Perkara ini berlaku supaya dapat menimbulkan perasaan teruja, tanda tanya mahupun kepelikan dalam kalangan pembaca dan pendengar. Namun begitu, peristiwa aneh ini tidak dapat diterjemahkan secara harfiah sahaja kerana kejadian tersebut bersifat tersirat. Oleh itu, bagi merungkai sebab kejadian aneh dalam cerita rakyat ini, pengkaji mengaplikasikan pendekatan Semantik Inkuisitif (SI) oleh Jalaluddin (2014) serta dibantu pendekatan Rangka Rujuk Silang (RRS) oleh Kempson (1986). Kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif sepenuhnya dengan mengaplikasikan analisis dokumen yang telah dibukukan. Sumber data diperoleh daripada buku hikayat yang berjudul “Antologi Enam Hikayat” terbitan Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka hasil usaha Nor (2016). Namun begitu, sebagai batasan kajian pengkaji akan menganalisis cerita rakyat “Hikayat Nakhoda Muda”. Berdasarkan dapatan kajian, cerita rakyat “Hikayat Nakhoda Muda” mempunyai 10 peristiwa aneh. Oleh itu, berpandukan pendekatan SI dan RRS ini pengkaji dapat menjawab sebab terjadinya kejadian aneh dalam cerita rakyat tersebut berpandukan data, teori kognitif dan falsafah demi mencungkil akal budi penututnya.

Kata kunci: Cerita rakyat; Hikayat Nakhoda Muda; peristiwa aneh; Semantik Inkuisitif; akal budi
MALAYSIAN TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION AND CHALLENGES TOWARDS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FLIPPED LEARNING APPROACH
Authors: Hashim Nurul Ainna , Shaari Nurliana Dalila
Published: November 2020

Flipping the classroom has given a lot of attention by many studies nowadays. Driven in by the technology widespread and its fast development, the flipped classroom is one of the recent trending in teaching practices. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate teachers’ perceptions and challenges towards the implementation of flipped learning approach. Several research studies showed that using flipped learning approach increases students’ understanding and confidence in learning. Flipped classroom allows students to have their own time of video-based (Vodcast) lecture session following with in-class exercises and practices. This paper briefly discusses on the history of flipped classroom, teachers’ perception and challenges issues of flipped learning approach to ESL/EFL teachers. A structured questionnaire was carried out to find out teachers’ perception and challenges in flipped learning approach to ESL/EFL teachers. The sample in this study consists of 50 respondents which are 9 males and 41 females. The results show that most teachers agreed that they find teaching through online is useful. It can be said that the biggest teachers’ challenge in implementing flipped learning approach as they feel teachers’ feedback is very important in the flipped learning classroom. Meanwhile, there is no significant relationship between teachers’ perception and teachers’ challenges.

Keywords: ESL setting, Flipped Classroom, ICT in education, Teachers’ perception, Vodcast
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE SOCIAL DISCLOSURES AND BOARD CHARACTERISTICS: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA
Authors: Idris Adamu Adamu , Abdulrasheed Nafisat Muritala , Ekundayo Oyindamola
Published: November 2020

The concept of disclosure in the financial statements of an organization is pivotal to the existence of the firm. This study investigates the effect of board characteristics on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure of listed consumer goods firms on the Nigerian Stock Exchange, using a sample of ten (10) consumer goods firms. The study covers 10 years (2009-2018) and employed ex post facto research design. OLS regression analysis was adopted. The study found a positive significant relationship between two board characteristics (female directors on board and outside directors) and CSR disclosure of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. Therefore, with board characteristics explaining 33.7% of the variation in the CSR disclosure of these firms, we recommend that firms should be encouraged to continue to hire female directors and more of outside directors on their boards. These will improve CSR disclosure and in return benefit the firm legitimately.

Keywords: Board characteristics, Corporate social responsibility disclosure, Legitimacy theory, Nigeria
[Comparison of The Procedure of Lineage Determination and Its Implemention in Maghribi and Indonesia: A Literature Review on Islamic Views and Form of Implementation}]
Authors: Hazni Nurul Hasna , Dahaman @ Dahlan Mohd Akram
Published: November 2020

There are several methods in determining lineage (al-Nasab) in Islam such as al-firasy, iqrar, bayyinah, qiyafah and qur'ah.  Islamic countries like Maghribi and Indonesia has been one step forward in strengthening the country’s Judicial Institution by implementing other option besides al-firasy for the matter of lineage determination especially for the offspring who does not have right in lineage through only al-firasy or in other word, a child that born out of wedlock. Therefore, observations are done to see Islamic views that are used by judicial system in Maghribi and Indonesia in drafting the law and deciding the implementations of methods for cases involving lineage determination. This observation also includes the comparisons on how the law is implemented legislatively on the Islamic society in Maghribi and Indonesia. Literature review method is used and the analysis details is via content analysis method. This is an initiative to assist further discussion on the issue of lineage determination in Malaysia.

Terdapat beberapa kaedah penetapan nasab dalam Islam seperti al-firasy, iqrar, bayyinah, qiyafah dan qur’ah. Negara-negara Islam seperti Maghribi dan Indonesia telah terkehadapan dalam memperkukuhkan institusi kehakiman dengan mengambil kaedah lain selain al-firasy untuk urusan penasaban anak, terutama bagi anak yang tidak mempunyai hak penasaban melalui al-firasy semata-mata atau lebih tepat, anak tidak sah taraf. Justeru, penelitian dilakukan untuk melihat hujah syarak yang diguna pakai oleh kehakiman Maghribi dan Indonesia dalam menggubal undang-undang dan memutuskan penggunaan sesuatu kaedah dalam kes pensabitan nasab. Penelitian ini juga merangkumi perbandingan bentuk perlaksanaan di sudut perundangan berkaitan penasaban dalam masyarakat Islam di Maghribi dan di Indonesia. Metode kajian literatur digunakan dan perincian analisa data melalui kaedah analisis kandungan. Usaha ini adalah untuk membantu ke arah perbincangan lanjut mengenai isu penasaban di Malaysia.
Netizens’ Perceptions Regarding Muslim-Unfriendly Dress Code for Clinical Personnel in Malaysia
Authors: Saidun Salihah
Published: November 2020

The employee’s right to freedom of religious expression at work and the institution’s right to implement a uniform dress code policy have created many conflicts, including in the context of healthcare. Healthcare institutions implement strict hygiene and infection control policy which may include the banning of long sleeves and headscarves. This practice may be problematic for female Muslim personnel who prefer to cover their forearms, hair and necks. In the Malaysian healthcare sector, two events involving the alleged headscarf ban (in 2013) and long sleeves ban (in 2015) made national headlines that attracted many netizens to comment on the issue. This qualitative study thematically analyses the netizens’ perceptions of the issue shared on various online platforms. Netizens expressed numerous opinions regarding the alleged bans, the clinical dress code policy, the Islamic dress code, the status of religion and Islam in Malaysia and the healthcare sector, the status of Malays and non-Malays in Malaysia, and the pro- and anti-Islamic trends. The findings demonstrate various conflicting opinions regarding the above issues in Malaysia which highlight the need for guidelines or frameworks for the harmonisation between employees’ personal convictions and the institutions’ interests.
[The Factors of Attendance to “Gempur Subuh Programme” An-Nur Mosque among The Navy People Rmn Lumut Base] Faktor Kehadiran Program Gempur Subuh Masjid An-Nur dalam Kalangan The Navy People Pangkalan Tldm Lumut
Authors: Khalid Nurul Khairiah , Yaacob Mazlah , Ali Hassan Ahmad Rozaini , Nadzif Wan Kamal
Published: November 2020

Gempur Subuh Program (PGS) is one of the religious programs run by an-Nur Mosque, RMN Lumut Base. The program aims to increase the spirit of worship and spiritual awareness among the Navy people. The objective of this study is to obtain feedback on the attendance of the Navy people for PGS, whether they are willingly present, forced or present due to other reasons. The design of this study is quantitative using descriptive approach. A total of 1087 respondents were selected to answer questionnaires which were distributed online. The data obtained were analyzed using percentage, mean and standard deviation. The findings show that the implementation of PGS has received a good response, with “self-awareness” marks the highest factor for the attendance. Continuous improvements need to be made to further enhance its management and programming.

Wanita dan aspek keilmuan ibarat ikatan yang saling berpadu dalam memastikan keharmonian tamadun Islam. Namun, cabaran seperti masalah kesihatan jasmani dan rohani boleh mengganggu proses pembentukan tamadun Islam itu. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana pendekatan terapi psikospiritual Islam di Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Pahang Kampus Jengka yang dilakukan khusus bagi pelajar wanita yang mengalami masalah kerohanian. Kajian ini juga memaparkan proses rawatan kesihatan pelajar secara umum di kampus sebelum dirawat dengan kaedah terapi psikospiritual Islam. Kajian mendapati UiTM Pahang Kampus Jengka telah mengambil inisiatif yang tepat dalam usaha menjaga kemaslahatan pelajar di kampus. Seterusnya membawa suatu perubahan yang lebih positif dalam kehidupan pelajar secara holist Program Gempur Subuh (PGS) adalah salah satu program kerohanian bagi aktiviti pengimarahan Masjid an-Nur, Pangkalan TLDM Lumut. Program ini bermatlamat untuk meningkatkan penghayatan ibadah dan keagamaan kepada para anggota.  Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan maklum balas berkaitan kehadiran anggota ke PGS, sama ada mereka hadir dengan rela hati, terpaksa ataupun hadir atas faktor-faktor lain. Reka bentuk kajian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif.  Seramai 1087 responden telah dipilih untuk  menjawab soal selidik yang diedar secara atas talian. Data-data yang diperolehi telah dianalisis menggunakan peratus, min dan sisihan piawai.  Dapatan kajian mendapati pelaksanaan PGS  telah mendapat respon yang baik.  Faktor kesedaran kendiri anggota adalah paling tinggi dalam mendorong kehadiran ke PGS. Penambahbaikan secara berterusan perlu dilakukan bagi memantapkan lagi pengurusan dan pengisian program.
The Stage of Western Orientalists Scholarly Studies in Islam: A review] Peringkat pendekatan kajian sarjana Orientalis Barat terhadap Islam: Satu analisis
Authors: Abd Rahman Mohd Farhan , Abd Razak Muhd Imran , Mohd Noor Ahmad Firdaus , Abdul Basir Muhamad Khafiz , Khalid Nurul Khairiah
Published: November 2020

Majority of the orientalists adhere to the philosophy of logical empirical positivism, a belief that emphasizes on the total use of mind as a key approach to obtaining accurate scientific facts based on systematic and thorough method of research. This philosophy refuses to prove a fact using sources from the revelation because it is considered irrelevant in historical proof and has created biased and sceptical views about the Malay community in Malaya. This article focuses on the analysis of the orientalist approach in evaluating Islam, as well as the extent to which Islam influenced the lives of the people in Malaya. The author used historiography and comparative methods to analyse the orientalists’ views. The results showed that the orientalist thinking approach in evaluating Islam and its followers especially the Malay community presented a sceptical viewpoint, which has made each of these writings biased on a one-sided judgment and deviated from the historical development of the great Islamic civilization. This false judgement had emerged due to the weakness of the orientalists to understand the Muslims, especially the Malay community due to the European-centric thinking known as Euro-centrism. This thought elevated Europe as a great and civilized nation over other nations, the so-called "ambassador of civilization", and the saviour of all need-to-be civilized nations.
[‘Urf in The Interaction of The Indigenuos People Tradition in Malaysia] Pertimbangan Uruf dalam Interaksi Tradisi Masyrakat Orang Asli di Malaysia
Authors: Hassan Paiz , Ramli Mohd Anuar
Published: November 2020

The indigenous people are rich with unique customs and culture that have been passed down through ages. These people are deeply influenced by the beliefs of animism and nature. They uphold the custom practised in all aspects of life. The presence of Islam at the centre of their lives brought significant changes in the framework of religious life to the belief in the Oneness of God and at the same time clashes occurred with local custom. To oppose the tradition means to create disagreement with the locals and erode their identity which will lead to conflict if it is not managed in harmony. Nevertheless, Islam is a universal religion which is able to play a role in interacting with local customs through various instruments, including the `urf. In this regard, this study aims to discuss the role of `urf in managing the culture of the indigenous people. To achieve the objective, the researchers have utilized the library research by referring to the literatures related to the discussion of Islamic scholars in various disciplines of fiqh and usūl al-fiqh. The research found that the tradition of the indigenous people can be maintained, either to be fully accepted when it is not contradicted to the Islamic law, or to be modified so it will be parallel with the standard of the `urf. Whereas, tradition which violates the law especially the practice of animism is intransigently rejected.

Masyarakat orang asli kaya dengan pelbagai adat resam dan budaya unik yang diwarisi sejak turun temurun. Tradisi mereka banyak dipengaruhi oleh kepercayaan animisme dan alam semula jadi. Mereka menjunjung tinggi adat yang diamalkan dalam segenap aspek kehidupan. Kehadiran Islam di tengah kehidupan mereka membawa perubahan yang signifikan dalam kerangka kehidupan beragama kepada kepercayaan Tuhan yang Esa dan pada masa yang sama berlaku pertembungan dengan adat masyarakat setempat. Menentang tradisi bererti membawa kepada permusuhan dengan warga setempat dan menghilangkan identiti mereka sehingga jika tidak dilestarikan secara harmoni akan menimbulkan konflik. Namun begitu, Islam sebagai agama yang universal mampu berperanan dalam interaksi dengan adat setempat melalui pelbagai instrumen antaranya adalah uruf. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini akan membincangkan peranan uruf dalam menangani budaya masyarakat orang asli. Bagi mencapai objektif tersebut, pengkaji menggunakan kajian kepustakaan sepenuhnya dengan menelusuri literatur berkaitan dengan perbincangan sarjana Islam dalam pelbagai disiplin ilmu fiqh dan usul fiqh. Hasil kajian mendapati tradisi masyarakat orang asli boleh dikekalkan sama ada diterima sepenuhnya sekiranya tidak bertentangan dengan hukum syarak atau dilakukan modifikasi supaya selari dengan piawaian uruf. Manakala adat yang menyalahi terutamanya fahaman animisme ditolak sepenuhnya tanpa kompromi.
Understanding The Results of 14th Malaysian General Election Through Islamic Perspectives: A New Challenge in Islamizing Political Understanding
Authors: Saahar @Saabar Suhaimee , Ahmad Dahlan Mat Nadzari , Idid Syed Arabi
Published: November 2020

The results of the 14th General Election shocked many parties, especially the Barisan Nasional, which has dominated Malaysian politics for more than 60 years. Various studies and discoveries have been made to understand the context of this defeat from various angles of thinking and understanding. However, in the study of Malaysian politics Islamic perspective is also taken into account to balance the understanding between Western and Islamic understanding. Scholars have long used Western thought to explain political phenomena and how power is used in maintaining a political party. The purpose of this paper is to explain in detail the results of elections from an Islamic perspective. This is to differentiate the views given by Western thinkers and to provide a new framework based on the Islamic perspective taking into account the values and teachings of Islam itself. Therefore, this paper seeks to provide a different perspective on how new explorations can be translated into the context of political studies in the country.
Parametric Study on Volume Fraction of Representative Volume Element (RVE) CFRP and GFRP Towards Tensile Properties
Authors: Ab Ghani Ahmad Fuad
Published: November 2020

The properties such as fibre content, orientation, dimension of constituent fibres (diameter), level of intermixing of fibres, interface bonding between fibre and matrix, and arrangement of fibres between different types of fibres, influences the mechanical properties of hybrid composite.Representative Volume Element (RVE) for each constituent CFRP and GFRP assumed isotropic behavior for carbon fibre, glass fibre and epoxy resin matrix and assumed to be perfectly bonded interface between fibre and matrix region i.e. strain compatibility at the interface. The scope of study on the micro mechanical modelling via representative volume element (RVE) is limited only to unidirectional composites.
Factors Affecting Compliance Paying BPJS Kesehatan Mandiri in Road Care Patients in Hospitals
Authors: SRI HANDAYANI
Published: November 2020

Compliance is consistency or inconsistency to instructions or rules. Compliance in paying dues means the behavior of someone to pay dues appropriately based on a predetermined time. In Kota Solok, 5,758 (61%) did not have compliance in paying contributions. The irregularity of JKN participants in paying dues will have an impact on the guarantee of health services in available health facilities, one of which is the Level IV Hospital of Solok City in collaboration with BPJS Health.

This study aims to determine the factors associated with compliance paying independent BPJS contributions to outpatients at Level IV Hospital in Solok City. This type of research is a quantitative study using a cross sectional study design. The population in this study were patients participating in the BPJS Mandiri who visited the Outpatient Installation of Level IV Hospital in Solok City with an average of 77 visitors each month. The samples in this study were 64 samples taken using the accidental sampling method. Data analysis performed was univariate and bivariate analysis with chi square test.

Based on the results of the study note that of 64 respondents there are 64.1% who are compliant in paying BPJS Health contributions independently. Variables related to compliance paying dues in outpatients at Level IV Hospital in Solok City were education (p=0.002), employment (p=0.002), income (p=0.004), knowledge (p=0.002), perception (p=0.019) and motivation (p=0.039). Suggestions to BPJS Health to provide socialization or information to BPJS Health participants about the BPJS Health Program from the time of payment, method of payment, and sanctions for delinquent payments.
Production of Chitosan Oligosaccharides using β-glycosidic degrading enzyme: Optimization using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Yusof Nurhayati
Published: November 2020

Many researchers have focused chitosan as a source of potential bioactive material during the past few decades. However, chitosan has several drawbacks to be utilised in biological applications, including poor solubility under physiological conditions. Therefore, a new interest has recently emerged on partially hydrolysed chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharides (COS). In this study, degradation of chitosan was performed by Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei® 1.5L and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were employed to optimize the hydrolysis temperature, pH, enzyme concentration and substrate concentration. Optimization of cellulase T. reesei® using central composite design (CCD) was to obtain optimum parameters and all the factors showed significant effects (p˂0.05). The maximum response, Celluclast® activity (1.268 U) was obtained by assaying the process at 49.79oC, pH 4.5, 3% (v/w) of enzyme concentration and 25% (w/v) concentration of chitosan for 24 hours.
FRACTIONATION OF As, Co, Cu AND Zn BY SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION IN SURFACE SEDIMENT OF KUALA TERENGGANU RIVER ESTUARY
Authors: Hing Lee Siang , Abd Halim Shah Muhammad Nazirul Mubin , Mohd Yusoff Nurulnadia , Ong Meng Chuan
Published: November 2020

Development and urbanization processes around Terengganu River estuary are expected to release a significant amount of heavy metals into the existing bottom sediment. However, information on how and why these metals are attached into specific fraction of sediments is still lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to explain the heavy metal concentration distribution in each available fraction at Terengganu River estuary. In this study, nine surface sediments originated from various human activities area in Terengganu River estuary were collected during four different sampling sessions in 2017. Heavy metal content from the collected sediments were extracted using 3-steps BCR sequential extraction method followed by detection using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass-Spectrometer (ICP-MS) and we discovered that the total concentration of Arsenic (As), Cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), and Zinc (Zn) ranged from 2.18 to 17.48 mg/kg dry wt., 2.53 to 20.53 mg/kg dry wt., 1.01 to 13.13 mg/kg dry wt., and 6.10 to 65.71 mg/kg dry wt., respectively. Dominance of metals in each fraction can be arranged as follows: As: residual > reducible > exchangeable > oxidizable; Co: residual > exchangeable > reducible > oxidizable; Cu: residual > oxidizable > reducible > exchangeable; Zn: residual > exchangeable > reducible > oxidizable. Availability of metals in sediment at Terengganu River estuary is limited since that majority of metals resides in non-mobilisable fraction of the sediment. In essence, sequential extraction provides information regarding the metals’ fractionation, availability and mobility, which could be used in assessing the environmental contamination in the area.
ETHNO-DEMOGRAPHIC LANDSCAPE IN EUROPE BEFORE AND AFTER THE MIGRATION CRISIS (EVIDENCE FROM GERMANY AND SWEDEN)
Authors: Demidova E. E. , Starikova A. V.
Published: November 2020

The second half of the 2010-s is associated with a significant change in the ethno-demographic landscape of the most countries of Western Europe. Changes in the geography of migration flows affecting the ethnic composition of their population are considered on the example of Germany and Sweden, the countries most involved in immigration process as a result of crisis situations in Syria, the southern Mediterranean and the Middle East in 2015–2016.
ETHNIC SELF-IDENTIFICATION OF CHILDREN IN INTERETHNIC FAMILIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ORENBURG REGION)
Authors: Akhmetov R. Sh. , Sviatokha N. Yu. , Filimonova Yu.
Published: November 2020

The Orenburg region is a multi-ethnic region with a large proportion of inter-ethnic marriages. The authors conducted the sociological survey in order to determine the specifics of national identity of children from interethnic families in Orenburg region and identify trends in the formation of national identity. The survey allowed to make conclusions: ethnic self-determination in such families is developing in the form of refusal to associate a person with a certain ethnic group. At the same time, this form of ethnic self-determination is observed not only in inter-ethnic families, where it prevails, but also in single-ethnic families. According to the authors, we are witnessing a process of transition from a traditional society with mandatory registration of ethnicity by birth to a modern civil nation, with a freer attitude to ethnic self-identification, which was launched by the abolition of mandatory indication of nationality in the passport during the Soviet period.
FEATURES OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN MAGNITOGORSK UNDER CONDITIONS OF CONTINUOUS IMPACT OF MAN-GENERAL DISCHARGES FROM THE WORKSHOPS OF MATALLURGICAL COMBINE INTO THE URBAN ATMOSPHERE
Authors: Shentsova O. M. , Fedosikhin V. S.
Published: November 2020

Ensuring and maintaining the environmental safety of the urban population living in an industrial city in the vicinity of a large city-forming enterprise in conditions of constant emission of industrial dust and gases into the air has always been and is today one of the urgent problems of the architecture of the city of Magnitogorsk. The article examines the historically existing urban planning situation in Magnitogorsk in the conditions of the climate and wind direction of the South Urals, the accounting of which largely contributes to the protective qualities of the air despite the significant emissions of man-made pollution into the atmosphere of the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works (MMK). The original location of industrial buildings and residential areas during the construction of Magnitogorsk was carried out in the 30s of the XX century on the basis of a purely economic approach, bringing housing as close as possible to production, not taking into account wind flows from the construction site and cutting down perennial trees on the slopes of magnetic mountains for the construction of buildings and structures ... After 10 years of MMK operation, the significant role of the South Ural wind in maintaining the ecological situation in the city was proved. Until now, thousands of city residents continue to live in close proximity to MMK, feeling the harmfulness of industrial emissions that pollute the atmosphere. Later, the residential zone of the city began to develop to the south along the right bank, and the industrial zone to the north along the left bank of the river, thus creating further many unfavorable environmental problems that sometimes have to be eliminated.
METHODICAL APPROACHES TO THE SELECTION OF THE MASTER THESES BY SPECIALTY 08.04.01 «CONSTRUCTION», PROFILE «TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION»
Authors: Yudina A. F. , Verstov V. V. , Gaido A. N.
Published: November 2020

The article considers methodological approaches to the selection of topics for final qualifying works in the form of master's theses in the direction of preparation 08.04.01 "Construction", the profile "Technologies and organization of construction". The authors justify the relevance of the topic based on the experience of training masters at the Department of construction production Technology of the Saint Petersburg state University of architecture and construction. The main requirements of modern professional standards for the formation of competencies of undergraduates are considered. The authors emphasize the importance of the first stage of research work in the semester, in which students together with the supervisor must identify the problem and determine the direction of work and formulate the topic of the final qualifying work (dissertation), based on the analysis of work experience and relevant documented and undocumented sources. Approaches to the formulation of research topics based on the identification of actual problems in various areas of technology and construction organization are proposed. The corresponding experience of work on the preparation of masters, accumulated at the Department, is analyzed. For this stage, a number of requirements for the selection of relevant research areas are presented and recommendations based on practical experience in this area are given. Various sources and directions of formulation of topics of graduate qualification works of undergraduates are analyzed. At the same time, the corresponding requirements for the student's scientific supervisor's experience are presented. In conclusion, the approaches to evaluating the work of undergraduates in the semester on the basis of a score-rating system, for the implementation of which a system for awarding points for various sections of their research, prepared articles, participation in conferences and case Championships is presented.
Naujos Avastin (bevacizumabo) galimybės gydant išplitusį nesmulkiųjų ląstelių plaučių vėžį
Authors: Kalinauskaitė-Žukauskė Virginija
Published: November 2020

Plaučių vėžys yra viena pagrindinių mirties nuo vėžio priežasčių, nuo kurios kasmet miršta beveik 1,4 mln. žmonių visame pasaulyje. Europoje užregistruojama 33 tūkst. naujų šios ligos atvejų per metus. Vyrams tai dažniausia onkologinė liga po prostatos vėžio, moterims – antra po krūties vėžio. Beveik 9 iš 10 atvejų plaučių vėžys diagnozuojamas vyresniems kaip 60 metų asmenims. Didžiąją dalį plaučių vėžio atvejų sudaro nesmulkiųjų ląstelių plaučių vėžys (NSLPV). Nepaisant esamų gydymo galimybių, tikėtina gyvenimo trukmė, ypač esant pažengusiai ar metastazavusiai ligai, trumpa.
Imunoterapija – naujas žingsnis gydant plaučių vėžį
Authors: Paulauskaitė Eglė , Vagulienė Neringa
Published: November 2020

Plaučių vėžys ilgai buvo laikomas mažai imunogeniška piktybine liga, tačiau pastarųjų metų atlikti klinikiniai tyrimai atskleidė naujas imunoterapijos galimybes gydant plaučių vėžį. Iki šiol daugiausia ištirti ir turintys klinikinę reikšmę yra citotoksinis T limfocitų antigenas T-4 (CTLA-4) ir programuotos ląstelių žūties baltymas (PD-1). Klinikinių tyrimų duomenimis, nustatyta, kad PD-1/PD- L1 (programuotos ląstelių žūties baltymo ligandas) inhibitoriai lemia ilgesnį bendrą išgyvenamumą lyginant su chemoterapija docetakseliu (skiriant jį antros eilės gydymui) ir teikia daug vilčių gydant nesmulkiųjų ląstelių plaučių vėžį.
Žmonių genealogijos ypatumai
Authors: Serapinas Danielius , Bekasėnė Diana
Published: November 2020

Analizuojant žmogaus genomą, DNR struktūras, svarbu pažvelgti ir į žmonijos praeitį, į žmogaus atsiradimo istoriją. Nuo senų laikų žmones intriguoja jų pačių kilmė. Todėl greta istorijos mokslo gyvuoja ir genealogija – žmogaus ar jo giminės šaknų ieškojimas. Genealogija plačiąja prasme – tai istorijos mokslo šaka. Ieškoti savo giminės šaknų žmones skatina pačios įvairiausios priežastys – tikimybė, jog bus rasta sąsajų su kilmingaisiais, giminystės su talentingais asmenimis ar tiesiog noras sužinoti prosenelių gyvavimo istoriją.
Senieji vaistai kvėpavimo takų ligoms gydyti
Authors: Mekas Tauras
Published: November 2020

Apie šiuolaikinius vaistus kalbame didžiuodamiesi medicinos mokslo pažanga ir naujomis galimybėmis padėti kenčiantiesiems. Tikime, kad tos galimybės dabar yra kur kas geresnės, nei buvo kada nors anksčiau. Deja, šį tikėjimą aptemdo 2015 m. Nobelio medicinos premijos skyrimas Kinijos farmacininkei Juju Tu už tradicinės kinų medicinos žinių pritaikymą maliarijai gydyti. Pirmąkart per visą istoriją Nobelio medicinos premija buvo įteikta ne už sukurtą naują, o už seno išsaugojimą ir pritaikymą. Niurzgliai kalba, kad tokių keistų atvejų medicinoje bus vis daugiau, ypač jei nuogąstavimai apie antibiotikų eros pabaigą pasitvirtins...
The Effects of Cooperative Learning on Self-Efficacy in an EFL Classroom
Authors: Saunders-Wyndham James , Smith Eleanor
Published: November 2020

The objective of this study was to determine whether incorporating cooperative learning approaches positively influences the perceived self-efficacy of learners taking part in a compulsory English language program at the university level. This study tested the hypothesis that implementation of strategies fostering language skill development through cooperative learning leads to an increase in student self-efficacy. Qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to investigate this hypothesis in treatment and contrast groups. Four aspects of self-efficacy were measured: mastery experience, vicarious experience, social persuasions, and physiological reactions. Increased scores in mastery experience were observed. The treatment group scores for vicarious experience increased at a statistically significant level, whereas the contrast group scores did not. Qualitative findings revealed that, although participant responses support an increase of self-efficacy, no consensus was given to identify which specific classroom factor was responsible for the increase. The results showed that neither group experienced a statistically significant increase in scores for the latter two scales of social persuasions and physiological reactions.

本研究は大学必修英語科目の授業において、学習者が感じる自己上達度に共同学習が良い影響を与えるかの検証を行う。この研究では、学習者主体の共同学習では学習者自身の経験を話し合い、活用することで学習者の英語能力についての自己効力感が上昇するという仮説を設定する。仮説の検証に処置群と対照群に対して、質的と量的の両手法を用いて分析を実施した。自己効力感の４側面である成功体験、代理学習、社会的説得、身体反応を測った。十分に言語知識を得ることができたと回答する「成功体験」の値の増加が確認された。処置群においては、共同学習のパートナーの経験を自分も同様に感じる「代理（体験）学習」の値の増加が統計上で有意差を示す一方、対照群にはその傾向は見られなかった。質的調査結果から、参加者の回答は自己効力感の増加を裏付けるものの、増加の原因となった特定の教室要因に関しては意見が分かれたことが分かった。処置群にも対照群にも「社会的説得」と「身体反応」の値の増加は統計的な有意差となって表れなかった。
Piezoelectric sensor based on graphene-doped PVDF nanofibers for sign language translation
Authors: Yang Shuai , Cui Xiaojing , Guo Rui , Zhang Zhiyi , Sang Shengbo , Zhang Hulin
Published: November 2020

The tracking of body motion, such as bending or twisting, plays an important role in modern sign language translation. Here, a subtle flexible self-powered piezoelectric sensor (PES) made of graphene (GR)-doped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers is reported. The PES exhibits a high sensitivity to pressing and bending, and there is a stable correlation between bending angle and piezoelectric voltage. The sensitivity can be adjusted by changing the doping concentration of GR. Also, when the PES contacts a source of heat, a pyroelectric signal can be acquired. The positive correlation between temperature and signal can be used to avoid burns. The integrated sensing system based on multiple PESs can accurately recognize the action of each finger in real time, which can be effectively applied in sign language translation. PES-based motion-tracking applications have been effectively used, especially in human–computer interaction, such as gesture control, rehabilitation training, and auxiliary communication.
Au(III) Complexes with tetradentate cyclam based ligands
Authors: Reiersølmoen Ann C , Solvi Thomas N , Fiksdahl Anne
Published: November 2020

Chiral cyclam (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) derivatives were synthesized stepwise from chiral mono-Boc-1,2-diamines and (dialkyl)malonyl dichloride via the open diamide-di-(N-Boc-amino) intermediates (65-91%). Deprotection and ring closure with a second malonyl unit afforded the cyclam tetraamide precursors (80-95%). The new protocol allowed preparation of the target cyclam derivatives (53-59%) by a final optimized hydride reduction. Both the open tetraamine intermediates and the cyclam derivatives successfully coordinated with AuCl3 to give moderate to excellent yields (50-96%) of the corresponding novel tetracoordinated N,N,N,N-Au(III) complexes with alternating five- and six-membered chelate rings. Testing of catalytic ability of the cyclam based N,N,N,N-Au(III) complexes demonstrated high catalytic activity of some complexes in selected test reactions (full conversion in 1-24h, 62-97% product yields).
Spectroscopic Tomography: A First Weak-lensing Detection Using Spectroscopic Redshifts Only
Authors: Dell’Antonio Ian , Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , McCleary Jacqueline , von der Linden Anja
Published: November 2020

We describe the first spectroscopic tomographic (spectrotomographic) weak-lensing measurement for a galaxy cluster based only on background galaxies with spectroscopically determined redshifts. We use the massive cluster A2029 to demonstrate the power of combining spectroscopy and lensing to obtain accurate masses and to overcome biases from contamination and photometric redshift errors. We detect the shear signal from the cluster at > 3.9σ significance. The shear signal scales with source redshift in a way that is consistent with the angular diameter distance ratio variation in a ΛCDM universe. Furthermore, the amplitude of the measured signal is consistent with the X-ray mass. Upcoming spectroscopic instruments such as the Prime Focus Spectrograph on Subaru will permit spectrotomographic weak-lensing measurements with a signal-to-noise ratio comparable with current photometric-redshift-based weak-lensing measurements for hundreds of galaxy clusters. Thus, spectrotomography may enable sensitive cosmological constraints that complement and are independent of other measurement techniques.