bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer Assisted Models for Blood Brain Barrier Permeation of 1, 5-Benzodiazepines
Authors: Dhavale Rakesh P. , Choudhari Prafulla B. , Bhatia Manish S.
Published: January 2020

Aim:

To generate and validate predictive models for blood-brain permeation (BBB) of
CNS molecules using the QSPR approach.

Background:

Prediction of molecules crossing BBB remain a challenge in drug delivery. Predictive models are designed for evaluation of set of preclinical drugs which may serve as alternatives for determining BBB permeation by experimentation.

Objective:

The objective of the present study was to generate QSPR models for the permeation of
CNS molecules across BBB and its validation using existing in-house leads.

Methods:

The present study envisaged the determination of the set of molecular descriptors which
are considered significant correlative factors for BBB permeation property. Quantitative Structure-
Property Relationship (QSPR) approach was followed to describe the correlation between identified
descriptors for 45 molecules and highest, moderate and least BBB permeation data. The molecular
descriptors were selected based on drug-likeness, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, polar surface area,
etc. of molecules that served the highest correlation with BBB permeation. The experimental
data in terms of log BB were collected from available literature, subjected to 2D-QSPR model generation
using a regression analysis method like Multiple Linear Regression (MLR).

Result:

The best QSPR model was Model 3, which exhibited regression coefficient as R2= 0.89,
F = 36; Q2= 0.7805 and properties such as polar surface area, hydrophobic hydrophilic distance, electronegativity,
etc., which were considered key parameters in the determination of the BBB permeability.
The developed QSPR models were validated with in-house 1,5-benzodiazepines molecules and
correlation studies were conducted between experimental and predicted BBB permeability.

Conclusion:

The QSPR model 3showed predictive results in good agreements with experimental results for blood brain permeation. Thus, this model was found to be satisfactory in achieving goodcorrelation between selected descriptors and BBB permeation for benzodiazepines and tricyclic compounds.
Alkaloids as Anticancer Agents: A Review of Chinese Patents in Recent 5 Years
Authors: Tao Hongyu , Zuo Ling , Xu Huanli , Li Cong , Qiao Gan , Guo Mingyue , Lin Xiukun
Published: January 2020

Background:

In recent years, many novel alkaloids with anticancer activity have been found in China, and some of them are promising for developing as anticancer agents.

Objective:

This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the information about alkaloid anticancer agents disclosed in Chinese patents, and discusses their potential to be developed as anticancer drugs used clinically.

Methods:

Anticancer alkaloids disclosed in Chinese patents in recent 5 years were presented according to their mode of actions. Their study results published on PubMed, and SciDirect databases were presented.

Results:

More than one hundred anticancer alkaloids were disclosed in Chinese patents and their mode of action referred to arresting cell cycle, inhibiting protein kinases, affecting DNA synthesis and p53 expression, etc.

Conclusion:

Many newly found alkaloids displayed potent anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo, and some of the anticancer alkaloids acted as protein kinase inhibitors or CDK inhibitors possess the potential for developing as novel anticancer agents.
Yokukansan, a Japanese Herbal Medicine, Suppresses Substance P-Induced Production of Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 by Human U373 MG Glioblastoma Astrocytoma Cells
Authors: Yamaguchi Keisuke , Yamazaki Sho , Kumakura Seiichiro , Someya Akimasa , Iseki Masako , Inada Eiichi , Nagaoka Isao
Published: January 2020

Context:

Yokukansan is a traditional Japanese herbal medicine that has an antiallodynic effect in patients with chronic pain. However, the mechanisms by which yokukansan inhibits neuropathic pain are unclear.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the molecular effects of yokukansan on neuroinflammation in U373 MG glioblastoma astrocytoma cells, which express a functional high-affinity neurokinin 1 receptor (substance P receptor), and produce interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in response to stimulation by substance P (SP).

Methods:

We assessed the effect of yokukansan on the expression of ERK1/2, P38 MAPK, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in U373 cells by western blot assay. Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in conditioned medium obtained after stimulation of cells with SP for 24 h were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All experiments were conducted in triplicate. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and significance was accepted at p< 0.05.

Results:

Yokukansan suppressed SP-induced production of IL-6 and IL-8 by U373 MG cells, and downregulated SP-induced COX-2 expression. Yokukansan also inhibited phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, as well as nuclear translocation of NF-κB, induced by SP stimulation of U373 MG cells.

Conclusion:

Yokukansan exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing SP-induced production of IL-6 and IL-8 and downregulating COX-2 expression in U373 MG cells, possibly via inhibition of the activation of signaling molecules, such as ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB.
Deinbollia pinnata: Isolation and Characterization of Some Phytochemicals from Aerial Parts and their Antioxidant Potential
Authors: Rufai Yakubu , Basar Norazah , Sani Aliyu
Published: January 2020

Background:

Deinbollia pinnata belonging to Sapindaceae family are known as
medicinal plants for the treatment of human diseases. Because of human over-exploitation, the
choice of phytochemicals re-search and screening was made to add to the available compounds and
ethno-medicinal records.

Objective:

To investigate phytochemicals and their antioxidant activities.

Methods:

Antioxidant assay (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) activities; phytochemical contents (Folin
Ciocalteaus’s (FC) and aluminum chloride) methods; and phytochemical analysis were employed.
Successful characterization of isolates using spectroscopic methods (1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR and
GC-MS analysis).

Results:

Alkaloid, simple sugar, phenolics, tannins and steroids were present in all the parts.
Saponin, terpenes and flavonoids were found in both leaves and root bark, while root bark and
heartwood possessed quinones. The methanol extracts demonstrated total phenolic content at 75. 9 ±
2.05 GAE (mg GAE/g dw) and total flavonoid content at 88.41 ± 0.56 QUE (mg QUE/g dw). The
plant extracts showed good DPPH scavenging activity with percentage inhibition more than 70% at
125 ppm. The methanol extracts showed excellent antioxidant activity towards ABTS assay with the
IC50 value of 13.68 μg/mL. The extracts also exhibited the most potent ferric ion reducer at 3.45 ±
1.30 mM FRAP equivalent. Methyl gallate (2) displayed the highest antioxidant radical scavenging
activity towards DPPH assay with the IC50 value of 0.19 μg/mL and pyrogallol (4) showed the highest
ABTS activity with the SC50 value of 7.44 μg/mL. While, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (1) also
showed the potential as ferric ion reducer ranging from 0.67± 0.01 to 3.63±0.12 mM FRAP
equivalent respectively.

Conclusion:

ased on the antioxidant activity, methanolic extracts and its isolated constituents can
be used as antioxidant sources for the management of oxidative causative diseases. Being the first
report of these phytochemicals from genius Deinbollia and specie pinnata.
Targeted Protein Degradation: "The Gold Rush is On!"
Authors: Kotlarek Daria , Pawlik Agata , Sagan Maria , Sowała Marta , Zawiślak-Architek Alina , Walczak Michał J.
Published: January 2020

Targeted Protein Degradation (TPD) is an emerging new modality of drug
discovery that offers unprecedented therapeutic benefits over traditional protein
inhibition. Most importantly, TPD unlocks the untapped pool of the proteome that to
date has been considered undruggable. Captor Therapeutics (Captor) is the fourth
global, and first European, company that develops small molecule drug candidates
based on the principles of targeted protein degradation. Captor is located in Basel,
Switzerland and Wroclaw, Poland and exploits the best opportunities of the two sites
– experience and non-dilutive European grants, and talent pool, respectively. Through
over $38 M of funding, Captor has been active in three areas of TPD: molecular
glues, bi-specific degraders and direct degraders, ObteronsTM.
Early intervention services for special needs children: An exploration of the effectiveness of early special education in Malaysia
Authors: Tan Elaine Hui Fern , Mohamad Zhooriyati Sehu
Published: January 2020

Early intervention programme (EIP) are a range of different programmes included different types of therapy and education that aimed to help and support children with developmental delays or other specific health conditions. The programmes are helpful to improve children development and adaptability, enhance family capability in handling the special needs children and increase family and children participation in society. This research aims to discover the effectiveness and importance of the early special education in Malaysia. To meet the objectives of this study, a qualitative research using phenomenological approach has conducted on five special needs teachers who work in a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) early intervention centre in Johor, Malaysia by using purposive sampling. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the collected data. This research found that improvement in attention and behaviours, self-care skills, social interaction skills of special needs children are the effectiveness of early intervention services. Besides that, providing knowledge and happiness to the parents and preparing for integration into kindergarten and future schooling are also some of the effectiveness. The implications of this study consist of contributing significantly to the community by making people understand the effectiveness and importance of sending special needs children to the EIP. It is important for the parents to realise the importance of sending their special needs children to the EIP as earlier as possible as learning occur effective before six years old and behavior more likely to be trained. Keywords: early intervention services, early special education, special needs children
Dynamics of career development of Giriloyo batik makers
Authors: Hasanah Nur
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to describe the dynamics of the career development on each stage, starting from growth, exploration and establishment in Batik makers of Giriloyo. This study employs case study qualitative research methods, and involves three women who worked as batik maker. Data analysis was performed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. From this research it is revealed that participants did not fulfill the developmental tasks at all three stages as a whole and they went through stages of career development sequences and period that is differed from the established theory of career development. It is also revealed that the participants experienced dissatisfaction with the wages. However, in the other hand they felt proud to be able to take part on their community and wishes to continue to make batik as long as they are physically able. The results of the study led researchers to recommend early career recognition by families, schools and communities.
Historic Open Space: The Identity of [Padang] Merdeka Square, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors: Mat Nayan Nadiyanti , Jones David S , Ahmad Suriati
Published: January 2020

In 1880, when the British moved their Federated Malay States administrative centre to Kuala Lumpur, the Padang quickly became a symbol of British economic and administrative colonisation, and a nucleus of the socio-cultural development of Kuala Lumpur. This paper discusses the layers of history, symbolism and cultural values that the Padang contributes to the socio-cultural tapestry of both Kuala Lumpur and Malaysia, and the lack of relevant planning and heritage measures to conserve these attributes and characteristics. The conclusions offer avenues to engage with pre- and post-colonisation that enable re-making and the conservation of the iconic space of Kuala Lumpur.Keywords: Urban open space; Merdeka Square; Kuala Lumpur City Hall; National Heritage Act 2005eISSN: 2398-4295 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER, ABRA & cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v4i17.182
Intergenerational Spaces: Designing for urban childhoods
Authors: Sulaiman Normah , Ibrahim Filzani Illia
Published: January 2020

More recently, an emerging global child-friendly cities movement shifted the focus onto children’s right and participation. While this movement’s values were and are beyond approach, it has had very little influence on the built form of cities. The research question in this paper is what a sustainable, successful, healthy city looks like. Hence, the objectives are (1) to describe and identify the different critical terminologies of the urban landscape and its inter-relation with sustainability and (2) to illustrate the landscape architectural forms and spaces through visualization and expression of space in the way of presentation.Keywords: urban childhood; landscape; sustainabilityeISSN: 2398-4295 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER, ABRA & cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v4i17.183
A política nacional de gestão do patrimônio da União: uma análise a partir da gestão dos imóveis não operacionais da extinta RFFSA
Authors: De Paiva Cláudio Cesar , Fonseca Sergio Azevedo , De Paiva Suzana Cristina Fernandes
Published: January 2020

O objetivo do artigo é relatar os resultados de pesquisa que buscou avaliar a política de gestão do patrimônio imobiliário da União, no Brasil. O foco da pesquisa – qualitativa no método, exploratória no propósito, delineada como estudo de caso único e utilizando a pesquisa documental e roteiros de entrevistas semiestruturados como instrumentos de coleta de dados – foi orientado para o processo de gestão dos bens não operacionais da extinta RFFSA, buscando avaliar, sobretudo, as dificuldades e os desafios para a incorporação e a afetação de aproximadamente 52 mil imóveis. A pesquisa revelou que, a despeito do modelo de gestão patrimonial adotado a partir dos anos 2000, a Secretaria do Patrimônio da União (SPU) ainda apresenta as vicissitudes de uma instituição com tradição patrimonialista, reativa às demandas pelo uso do patrimônio, deixando de garantir o cumprimento da função social da propriedade pública.
Fronteiras e o equilíbrio trabalho-lar: um estudo com profissionais de segurança pública
Authors: Cerqueira Alexandre dos Santos , Felix Bruno , Galon Sabrina Zanotti , Souza Ariana Marchezi de
Published: January 2020

Há um cenário propício para a ocorrência de conflitos entre as dimensões de lar e trabalho na vida de profissionais de diferentes áreas. A pesquisa alicerçou-se na Teoria das Táticas de Manejo de Fronteiras, com o objetivo de investigar como os profissionais do setor de segurança pública negociam as fronteiras entre trabalho e lar. A escolha por esse grupo deveu-se às particularidades relacionadas aos trabalhos com riscos e às demandas súbitas. O método utilizado foi o qualitativo, com a realização de entrevistas em profundidade por meio de roteiro semiestruturado. A amostra foi composta por 20 bombeiros militares (BM) e 8 policiais militares (PM), e, como procedimento de análise dos dados, optou-se pela análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa revelou o uso das táticas de manejo de fronteiras em todas as quatro dimensões (comportamental, temporal, física e comunicativa).
Os gastos ambientais dos estados brasileiros: uma análise exploratória
Authors: Borinelli Benilson , Baccaro Thaís Accioly , Guandalini Natália Nakay
Published: January 2020

Diante do incipiente número de trabalhos que utilizam os gastos públicos para analisar as políticas ambientais brasileiras, neste artigo, lançando mão da base de dados da Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional, apresentamos alguns aspectos e tendências dos gastos ambientais realizados pelos estados brasileiros entre 2002 e 2012, com o objetivo de ilustrar e discutir o potencial desses dados para o estudo da política ambiental. O trabalho tem caráter exploratório e descritivo e utiliza dados quantitativos, especificamente os gastos registrados na função gestão ambiental, na forma de valores absolutos atualizados e proporcionais aos gastos totais dos estados. O estudo constata a heterogeneidade, a baixa participação orçamentária e o declínio dos gastos ambientais dos estados brasileiros no período estudado. Ao final, comentamos alguns desses aspectos com o intuito de sugerir temas e abordagens para futuras pesquisas que utilizem os gastos ambientais como fonte alternativa e complementar de dados.
Escolas de Governo e Redes de Capacitação no Setor Público: Perspectivas Metodológicas para Governança
Authors: Da Fonseca Diogo Ribeiro , Meneses Pedro Paulo Murce , Souza Igor Guevara Loyola , De Hollanda Pedro Paulo Teófilo Magalhães
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo teórico tem por objetivo a proposição de diretrizes metodológicas para a análise de redes de capacitação no setor público federal, visando ao desenvolvimento de mecanismos de gestão para a sua maior efetividade. As atuais políticas de desenvolvimento de pessoal no Governo Federal têm atribuído um papel maior às escolas de governo na articulação e coordenação de redes de treinamento. Não obstante, o atestado fracasso da política de desenvolvimento na consecução de seus objetivos aponta para a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento dos modelos de governança adotados. O presente artigo adota as perspectivas teóricas da análise de redes sociais, desenvolvimento de pessoas e gestão de redes de políticas públicas para concepção de métodos e ferramentas de gestão da rede de capacitação federal. Raramente a literatura aborda a análise de redes interorganizacionais completas, tampouco em aspectos relativos ao desenvolvimento de pessoas. No âmbito de uma produção predominantemente teórica e exploratória, o presente artigo avança ao apresentar um modelo analítico macro-organizacional que operacionaliza variáveis para o estudo dos padrões de relacionamento entre organizações, relativos ao intercâmbio de conhecimentos e recursos, realizados por meio de ações formais de capacitação. Sob um ponto de vista prático, o modelo proposto visa subsidiar o aprimoramento das políticas de treinamento e seus mecanismos de governança utilizados por organizações públicas, órgãos centrais e escolas de governo, visando à maior efetividade das atividades de desenvolvimento de pessoal na administração pública.
Escolas de Governo e seu papel estruturante na formação de servidores em tempos de Nova Gestão Pública: relatos de experiências no Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Evaristo Jorge Luiz de Souza , Batista-dos-Santos Ana Cristina , Silva Rafaela Gomes da , Sousa Juliana Carvalho de , Franco Andreza Ferreira Mota
Published: January 2020

O texto estuda a relação entre os construtos escolas de governo e Nova Gestão Pública e os articula com o objetivo de compreender o papel das escolas de governo na formação de servidores públicos, no contexto da nova gestão pública brasileira. Metodologicamente, realizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com uso da entrevista narrativa como técnica de coleta de dados, junto a uma servidora pública responsável pela implementação e gestão de uma escola de Governo (Alfa); uma gestora pública que realizou várias das capacitações promovidas pela EG; e um gestor de órgão público que atua como facilitador e aluno da EG. A técnica de análise dos dados utilizada foi a análise temática de conteúdo, por meio da qual foram identificados os seguintes temas: i) história; ii) papéis; iii) estratégias e ações; iv) dificuldades, todos relacionados à história de Alfa e articulados com a literatura revisada. Conclui-se que, em meio a êxitos e dificuldades, Alfa constitui um caso exemplar do papel das escolas de governo como elementos estruturantes da NGP brasileira, na medida em que essas atuam na formação estratégica dos servidores que são, em última instância, aqueles que tornam possível a implantação dos modelos de gestão pública.
Eficiência da utilização dos recursos renováveis nas universidades federais
Authors: Curi Maria Aparecida , Benedicto Gideon Carvalho de , Carvalho Francisval de Melo , Nuintin Adriano Antonio , Nogueira Leandro Riveilli Teixeira
Published: January 2020

A presente pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar o nível de eficiência da utilização dos recursos renováveis nas universidades federais (UFs). O estudo é caracterizado como pesquisa descritivo-exploratória, com abordagem quantitativa do problema. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, mensurou-se o nível de eficiência relativa da utilização dos recursos renováveis, aplicando a metodologia Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Os resultados revelaram que, quanto ao uso do recurso renovável água, 8 Ufs, em média, apresentaram níveis de eficiência, por ano analisado. Na análise para o recurso renovável energia elétrica, em média, por ano analisado, 9 UFs apresentaram níveis de eficiência relativa. Já quanto à análise para o recurso papel, 11 UFs em média, por ano analisado, estavam na fronteira de eficiência. Portanto, os resultados apresentados e discutidos no presente trabalho permitiram ter uma visão geral do nível de eficiência da utilização dos recursos renováveis nas UFs. O estudo pode contribuir para um melhor aproveitamento dos recursos naturais e para a melhoria da transparência na área pública.
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Improving Subjective Well-Being Among Healthy Individuals: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sado Mitsuhiro , Kosugi Teppei , Ninomiya Akira , Nagaoka Maki , Park Sunre , Fujisawa Daisuke , Shirahase Joichiro , Mimura Masaru
Published: January 2020

Background

Previous studies have indicated that higher subjective well-being works as a protective factor for health. Some studies have already shown the effects of mindfulness-based interventions on improving subjective well-being. However, these studies targeted specific populations rather than the general public. Furthermore, they assessed either life evaluation or affective aspects of subjective well-being rather than the concept as a whole, including the eudemonic aspect of well-being.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for improving the wholistic aspects of subjective well-being in healthy individuals.

Methods

This study was an 8-week, randomized, parallel-group, superiority trial with a 2-month follow-up. Healthy individuals aged 20-65 years with scores lower than 25 on the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) were eligible to participate and randomly allocated to the MBCT group or the wait-list control group. The intervention program was developed by modifying an MBCT program to improve the well-being of a nonclinical population. The primary outcome was the difference between the two groups in mean change scores from the baseline on the SWLS. The secondary outcomes included scores on the Flourishing Scale and the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience as well as the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio.

Results

This study began recruiting participants in July 2018 and recruitment was completed at the end of September 2019. Data collection and dataset construction was completed by the end of March 2020.

Conclusions

This study is unique in that it investigates MBCT’s effects on the three different aspects of subjective well-being: life evaluation, affect, and eudemonia. It is limited, as the specific effect attributable to MBCT cannot be detected because of the lack of an active control group.

Trial Registration

University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) UMIN000031885; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000036376

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/15892
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Mobile Mindfulness Meditation Intervention Among Women: Intervention Study
Authors: Rung Ariane Lisann , Oral Evrim , Berghammer Lara , Peters Edward S
Published: January 2020

Background

Traditional mindfulness-based stress reduction programs are resource intensive for providers and time- and cost-intensive for participants, but the use of mobile technologies may be particularly convenient and cost-effective for populations that are busy, less affluent, or geographically distant from skilled providers. Women in southern Louisiana live in a vulnerable, disaster-prone region and are highly stressed, making a mobile program particularly suited to this population.

Objective

This study aimed to (1) assess the feasibility and acceptability of a mobile mindfulness app in real-world conditions in a pilot study of a community sample of women residing in southern Louisiana, (2) describe predictors of app usage, and (3) assess the effect of the app on secondary health outcomes.

Methods

Women were recruited from an oil spill study on health. A total of 236 women completed a baseline survey, were offered the mobile mindfulness program, and completed a follow-up survey. Subjects were asked to download and use the app for at least 30 days for 10 min. All study procedures were completed on the web. Primary outcomes were feasibility and acceptability of the app and characteristics of app utilization. Secondary outcomes included mindfulness, depression, perceived stress, sleep quality, physical activity, BMI, and healthy eating.

Results

Overall, 74.2% (236/318) of subjects completed the follow-up survey, and 13.5% (43/318) used the app. The main barrier to app usage was lack of time, cited by 37% (16/43) of users and 48.7% (94/193) of nonusers of the app. Women who chose to use the app were more highly educated (16/43, 63% had a college education vs 65/193, 33.7% of nonparticipants; P<.001), had higher incomes (23/43, 58% had incomes >US $50,000 per year vs 77/193, 43.0% of nonparticipants), and were employed (34/43, 79% vs 122/193, 63.2% of nonparticipants; P=.047). Those who engaged with the app did so at high levels, with 72% (31/43) of participants self-reporting the completion of some or all sessions and 74% (32/43) reporting high levels of satisfaction with the app. Participation with the app had a beneficial impact on depression (odds ratio [OR] 0.3, 95% CI 0.11-0.81), sleep quality (OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.02-0.96), sleep duration (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.07-0.86), sleep latency (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.11-0.81), and physical activity (2.8 95% CI 1.0-7.8), but mindfulness scores did not change from baseline to follow-up.

Conclusions

The Headspace mobile mindfulness app was easy and cost-effective to implement and acceptable to those who participated, but few women elected to try it. The unique characteristics of this southern Louisiana population suggest that more intense promotion of the benefits of mindfulness training is needed, perhaps in conjunction with some therapist or researcher support. Several short-term benefits of the app were identified, particularly for depression and sleep.
Toward a Risk-Utility Data Governance Framework for Research Using Genomic and Phenotypic Data in Safe Havens: Multifaceted Review
Authors: Jones Kerina , Daniels Helen , Heys Sharon , Lacey Arron , Ford David V
Published: January 2020

Background

Research using genomic data opens up new insights into health and disease. Being able to use the data in association with health and administrative record data held in safe havens can multiply the benefits. However, there is much discussion about the use of genomic data with perceptions of particular challenges in doing so safely and effectively.

Objective

This study aimed to work toward a risk-utility data governance framework for research using genomic and phenotypic data in an anonymized form for research in safe havens.

Methods

We carried out a multifaceted review drawing upon data governance arrangements in published research, case studies of organizations working with genomic and phenotypic data, public views and expectations, and example studies using genomic and phenotypic data in combination. The findings were contextualized against a backdrop of legislative and regulatory requirements and used to create recommendations.

Results

We proposed recommendations toward a risk-utility model with a flexible suite of controls to safeguard privacy and retain data utility for research. These were presented as overarching principles aligned to the core elements in the data sharing framework produced by the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health and as practical control measures distilled from published literature and case studies of operational safe havens to be applied as required at a project-specific level.

Conclusions

The recommendations presented can be used to contribute toward a proportionate data governance framework to promote the safe, socially acceptable use of genomic and phenotypic data in safe havens. They do not purport to eradicate risk but propose case-by-case assessment with transparency and accountability. If the risks are adequately understood and mitigated, there should be no reason that linked genomic and phenotypic data should not be used in an anonymized form for research in safe havens.
Effects of Patient-Physician Relationship on Withholding Information Behavior and Its Trend: Findings From Health Information National Trends Survey 2011-2018
Authors: Yang Xin , Parton Jason , Lewis Dwight , Yang Ning , Hudnall Matthew
Published: January 2020

Background

Patients’ withholding information from doctors can undermine medical treatment, create barriers for appropriate diagnoses, and increase systemic cost in health care systems. To date, there is limited literature detailing the association between trends of patients withholding information behavior (WIB) and the patient-physician relationship (PPR).

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence trend of WIB after 2011 and examine the effects of PPR on WIB and its time trend.

Methods

A total of 5 iterations of data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (years: 2011-2018; n=11,954) were used to explore curvilinear trends of WIB among the US population. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine curvilinear time trends of WIB, effects of PPR on WIB, and moderation effects of PPR on the WIB time trend.

Results

The WIB prevalence has an increasing trend before 2014, which has the highest rate of 13.57%, and then it decreases after 2014 to 8.65%. The trend of WIB is curvilinear as the quadratic term in logistic regression model was statistically significant (P=.04; beta=−.022; SE=0.011; odds ratio [OR] 0.978, 95% CI 0.957-0.999). PPR is reversely associated with WIB (P<.001; beta=−.462; SE=0.097; OR 0.630, 95% CI 0.518-0.766) and has a significant moderation effect on time trends (P=.02; beta=−.06; SE=0.025; OR 0.941, 95% CI 0.896-0.989). In general, poor quality of PPR not only significantly increased the WIB probability but also postponed the change of point for WIB curvilinear trend.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that the time trend of WIB between 2011 and 2018 is curvilinear and moderated by the quality of the PPR. Given these results, providers may reduce WIB by improving PPR. More research is needed to confirm these findings.
Improving Access to Diabetic Retinopathy Screening through Telemedicine (Preprint)
Authors: Rayaz Shuja , Wandy Tiffany , Brager Jenna , Kiritsy Michael , Durand Daniel
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Screening for diabetic retinopathy is important for the prevention of blindness among the adult population. Currently, patients with diabetes require a referral from their primary care physician to see an ophthalmologist for their annual eye exam, which can be an added inconvenience. As such, there is a need for alternative screening strategies within an outpatient network. The use of a telemedicine platform in a primary care network serves as a novel strategy to increase diabetic retinopathy screening rates. LifeBridge Health operates two Track 1 Accountable Care Organizations with a combined attribution of approximately 28,000 patients. Many value-based care and pay for performance programs use diabetic retinopathy screening rate as a quality measure. In order to provide better access to diabetic retinopathy screening for our patients, three specialized cameras were placed in three primary care practices in October 2017 as part of a pilot program. The online Intelligent Retinal Imaging Systems (IRIS) platform was utilized as a secure data warehouse of images that could be interpreted remotely by an ophthalmologist within the LifeBridge Health network for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy or detecting other types of pathology (e.g. macular edema).

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this retrospective descriptive study was to examine if a telemedicine platform can be used to increase diabetic retinopathy screening rates in the primary care setting.

METHODS

Three distinct datasets corresponding with three time periods were examined for this study. Pre-post comparison examined screening rates from all practices from January 2018 – December 2018 to those of January 2017 – December 2017. The pilot program dataset examined screening rates in the practices before and after the implementation of the IRIS cameras in October 2017. Aggregate diagnostic data from the IRIS online dashboard from October 2017- December 2019 was also examined to determine the benefit of the IRIS platform since the initial implementation.

RESULTS

Pre-post comparison screening rates showed mean screening rates of 38.5% and 47.2%, respectively, indicating an 8.7% improvement in screening. The pilot program showed improved screening rates at each outpatient practice with the implementation of the IRIS cameras. Aggregate data since the implementation of the IRIS cameras showed that, of the 1213 patients who were screened, approximately 17.1% (n=207 patients) were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy and an additional17.7% (n=215 patients) were suspected of having some form of other pathology. 10.1% (n=123 patients) were also suspected to be at risk for imminent vision loss.

CONCLUSIONS

This retrospective descriptive study suggests that a telemedicine platform can be used to improve diabetic retinopathy screening rates in the primary care setting within a large healthcare system.
Impacts of Border in Borderland Conflict along the Ethio-Sudan Border: Evidence from Metema Woreda, North-Western Ethiopia
Authors: KEBEDE TEMESGEN EYILET
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study is to understand the dynamics of borderland conflicts in one location –Gonder, north-west Ethiopia, specifically, Metema Woreda – which lies along the Ethiopia-Sudan border. The study employed qualitative research methods such as semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, case studies, and non-participant observation. The colonial origin of the Ethio-Sudan border is the overall background to the confrontation between farmers and investors over the contested lands in the region. The continued uncertainty over the precise location of the border has aggravated conflict that has yet to be resolved.
Effect of salat (prayer) activity on salivary status and cortisol level
Authors: Auliawati Nadia Rully , Prabarayi Layung Sekar , Damroni Rais Aliffandy , Handajani Juni
Published: January 2020

The majority of Indonesian people are Muslim who perform the obligatory prayers five times each day known as salat. The series of activities in salat begins with wudu with a gargle movement that increases salivary secretion through mechanical stimulation. The movement of ruku and sujood when salat causes oxygen-rich blood to flow to the brain is well suited. When a person feels calmer and more psychically relaxed after performing salat and wudu, the parasympathetic nerves increase so normal cortisol levels can secrete more saliva which is aqueous with normal acidity (pH). Oral health will affect the overall health of the body. This study aimed to determine the effect of salat and wudu on the salivary flow rate, pH, and cortisol level as an indicator of oral health. The design of this study was the static group pretest and posttest design. The study was conducted by comparing the value of salivary flow rate, pH, and cortisol levels in 20 subjects consisting of 10 subjects as the treatment group and 10 subjects as the control. Saliva was collected without stimulation before and after salat activity for five minutes, followed by measurement of salivary flow rate and pH level. Salivary cortisol level was measured using Cortisol Assay Elisa kit with λ 540 nm. The results showed an increase in salivary pH, flow rate and cortisol level after the salat activity but there was no significant difference by Kruskal-Wallis test but there was a strong correlation using Kendall’s tau_b test. In conclusion, salat activity may have correlation with an increase in salivary pH, flow rate and cortisol level.
Orbital cellulitis as a complication of odontogenic infection
Authors: Purba Puji Yuli Christiani , Sylvyana Melita , Syamsudin Endang , Septrina Rani
Published: January 2020

Orbital cellulitis is uncommon sequelae of the spread of odontogenic infection to adjacent maxillary sinuses or to distant sites such as the orbits. Once it happened, the spread of such infection can be of serious complication such as complete blindness or even more serious and life threatening situations as cavernous sinus thrombosis, intra-cranial abscess, or even death. This paper aimed to expose the guideline treatment of orbital cellulitis as a complication of odontogenic infection. It reported one case of orbital cellulitis in the emergency unit of Hasan Sadikin hospital Bandung, with complaints of pain, swelling at cheek and periorbital region, and the history of toothache. The treatment include incision drainage, extraction of tooth, and parenteral administration of antibiotic and analgesic. Odontogenic infections are derived from dental infection and can potentially spread rapidly to be ascending infection like orbital cellulitis. Odontogenic infection and orbital cellulitis should be adequately treated with incision drainage, extraction of tooth and parenteral administration of antibiotic, steroid and analgesic. Without immediate treatment, odontogenic infection can lead to ascending infection. Orbital cellulitis due to spreading of odontogenic infection is a rare case. In this case report, the patient had a significantimprovement due to immediate and proper treatment.
Apical sealing ability of chitosan nanoparticles in epoxy-resin-based endodontic sealer
Authors: Enggardipta Raras Ajeng , Untara Raphael Tri Endra , Santosa Pribadi , Kartikaningtyas Aqilla Tiara , Widyastuti Andina , Ratih Diatri Nari
Published: January 2020

A good sealing ability of apical part of root canal system is needed to prevent microleakage thus resulting long-lasting successful treatment. Chitosan nanoparticles as nanofillers could be added to epoxy resin sealer to increase adaptation to dentinal wall. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the apical sealing ability of chitosan nanoparticles addition to epoxy-resin-based sealer. Thirty mandibular premolars were used in this study. The root canals were prepared using rotary files up to #30/0.09. The canal was irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, then was rinsed with sterile water. All teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10). Group I was obturated with gutta-percha, Group II was obturated with gutta-percha and epoxy resin sealer, group III was obturated with gutta-percha and epoxy resin sealer that was added with chitosan nanoparticles. All specimens were stored in an incubator for 7 days at 37 °C. After that, specimens were tested with centrifuging dye penetration method with methylene blue 2% solution. The specimens were longitudinally sectioned, observed under stereomicroscope (8x magnification) and measured in millimeters (mm). The data were analyzed using one-way Anova. The results of one-way Anova showed that dye penetration in apical part of the root canal in all groups was statistically significant difference. The addition of chitosan nanoparticles to epoxy resin sealer increases the apical sealing ability of root canal obturation material.
The correlation between serum zinc and vitamin D/25(OH)D in women with recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Susanto Hendri , Kendarwati Puput , Budiarti Sri , Supriatno Supriatno
Published: January 2020

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is an oral mucosal disease which was more prevalent in women than men. Study has shown that zinc deficiency associated with the occurance of RAS. Other study also have shown that vitamin D deficiency contributed in RAS. However, there is no study yet that reveal the association between serum zinc and vitamin D/25 (OH)D in women with RAS. To investigate the association between serum zinc and vitamin D/25(OH)D in women with RAS. Thirty two women patients with RAS who meet the inclusion criteria participated in this study. The inclusions criteria was non pregnant women who have been diagnosed RAS and did not have other oral diseases. The exclusions criteria were those who have systemic diseases, taking medications including multivitamin, and have bad habits (i.e. smoking). Data concerning characteristic of subjects, severity of RAS, serum vitamin D/25(OH)D, and zinc were collected and presented descriptively. The correlation between serum zinc and Vitamin D/25(OH)D was analyzed using Pearson correlation test with 95% confidence interval. This study has been approved by Medical and Health Ethics Committe, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. All subjects of this study have low mean value of serum vitamin D/25(OH)D (11.08 ± 3.11 ng/mL) and categorized with vitamin D deficiency. The subjects also have low mean value of serum zinc (54.78 ± 9.19 μg/dL) and seventy percent subjects have mean value of serum zinc below normal. The result of Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant positive correlation between mean serum zinc and Vitamin D/25(OH)D (r= 0.351, p<0.05) in women with RAS. Serum zinc associated with vitamin D/25(OH)D and play role in pathogenesis of RAS.
USAIN BOLD – BIOMECHANICAL MODEL OF SPRINT TECHNIQUE
Authors: Čoh Milan
Published: January 2020

The aim of this research was to determine which kinematic parameters generate the maximum sprint speed of the world’s fastest sprinter, Usain Bolt. The biomechanical parameters of a double sprint step, using a 2D kinematic analysis under conditions of the realization of its maximum velocity were analyzed. The APAS computer system was used for the kinematic analysis. The data was recorded with three digital cameras CASIO EX-F1 with a frequency of 300 Hz, while the cameras were connected to one another and synchronized. The measurements were performed at the international athletics competition IAAF World Challenge in Zagreb, Croatia. Bolt reached a maximum speed of 12.42 m·s-1 in the section between 70 and 90 meters. His average stride length in this section was 2.70 m at an average frequency of 4.36 strides/s. His average contact time was 0.86 s and the average duration of his flight phase was 0.145 s. He developed a maximum vertical ground reaction force of 3956.74 N. This force corresponds to 4.1 times the weight of the athlete. The ratio between his braking and propulsion phase was 37.3% : 62.7%, which is a good indicator of an economical running technique.  The maximum speed of Usain Bolt is a combination of optimal anthropometric characteristics, motor abilities, and an extremely rational technique of sprinting gait.
THE MOTOR ABILITIES OF HANDBALL PLAYERS OF DIFFERENT BIOLOGICAL MATURATION
Authors: Živković Mladen , Stojiljković Nenad , Antić Vladimir , Pavlović Ljubomir , Stanković Nemanja , Jorgić Bojan
Published: January 2020

The aim of this research was to determine the differences between the results from the tests of motor abilities carried out on a selected group of handball players in relation to their biological maturation. A total of 23 handball players, belonging to a selected group, took part in this research. The overall sample of participants was divided into three groups based on their biological maturation. The measurements of motor abilities were carried out using the following tests: explosive power, sprint speed and rapid changes in direction. The statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, a univariate analysis of variance and the Bonferroni PostHoc test in order to determine whether a statistically significant difference could be detected between the groups on the tests of motor abilities. Based on the statistical analysis (ANOVA method), a difference was determined between the peak height velocity (PHV) groups for all the variables. The PostHoc test later determined that there were no differences for any of the variables between the PrePHV and MidPHV groups. Differences in all the variables were determined between the PrePHV and PostPHV groups. Differences between the MidPHV and PostPHV groups were determined for 7 variables, while no statistically significant difference was determined for 3 of the variables (5JT, T-test and the Slalom). The main contribution of this research is that it indicates to coaches the inevitability of being familiar with the biological maturation of their players for optimal selection, for adequate training design, and a decrease in the risk of injury.
Factores del ambiente familiar predictores de depresión en adolescentes escolares: análisis por sexo
Authors: Ruíz Cárdenas Claudia Teresita , Jiménez Flores Juan , García Méndez Mirna , Flores Herrera Luz María , Trejo Márquez Hugo Dayran
Published: January 2020

En este artículo se analiza la manera en que se ha querido establecer en el estudiante universitario las competencias iniciales de investigación. La atención se enfoca en las diferentes tendencias que se han seguido para enseñar tempranamente al estudiante a investigar. Para hacer lo anterior, en primer lugar, se aborda la función de la universidad en la iniciación temprana a la investigación y después se presentan las tendencias que se han seguido en el pregrado para impulsar la formación inicial de los estudiantes para la investigación. Dichas tendencias se engloban en cinco modelos instruccionales: 1) demostrativo; 2) procedimental; 3) transcriptivo; 4) computacional, y (5) integral. El artículo finaliza examinando de las bondades y limitaciones de cada uno de dichos modelos, y concluye que para impulsar de modo efectivo la iniciación temprana a la investigación es necesario diseñar espacios curriculares en los planes de estudio en el pregrado, considerando como punto de referencia un modelo instruccional integral que conjugue la reflexión teórica con el uso de metodologías variadas y se apliquen procedimientos cuantitativos y cualitativos para analizar la base empírica obtenida en el proceso de investigación.