bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Natural Products in Gypsophila paniculata
Authors: Jin Chunlian , Sun Dan , Wei Chang , Guo Zhenhua , Yang Chunmei , Li Fan
Published: September 2021

Gypsophila paniculata is an ornamental crop with medicinal value. To date, limited information has been reported about the natural products in G. paniculata to explain its medicinal function. The current study reports the natural products found in G. paniculata stem for the first time. Thirty-three compounds were isolated from the extract of G. paniculata stem and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 10 of which have contents >2%. These were 2-O-methyl-D-mannopyranose (37.4706%), glycerol (12.5669%), two tetratetracontane isomer (7.6523 + 3.5145%), tetrahygro-4-pyranol (5.3254%), 1,6-anhydro-beta-d-glucopyranos (4.7507%), palmitic acid (4.1848%), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxystyrene (3.7439%), methyl-octadeca-9,12-dienoate (2.7490%), and 2-deoxy-D-galactose (2.6193%). Another bioactive compound, condrillasterol, was identified with 1.3384% content. We also reported that G. paniculata possesses antioxidant activity possibly associated with the presence of a phenolic chemical 4-hydroxy-3-methoxystyrene. Our data collectively demonstrate that G. paniculata contains some bioactive compounds with high contents and antioxidants, consistent with its role as a medicinal herb.
The glass transition and the non-Arrhenian viscosity of carbonate melts
Authors: Dingwell Donald B. , Hess Kai-Uwe , Wilding Martin C. , Brooker Richard A. , Di Genova Danilo , Drewitt James W.E. , Wilson Mark , Weidendorfer Daniel
Published: September 2021

We report the first calorimetric observation of the glass transition for a carbonate melt. A carbonate glass [55K2CO3–45MgCO3 (molar)] was quenched from 780 °C at 0.1 GPa. The activation energy of structural relaxation close to the glass transition was derived through a series of thermal treatments comprising excursions across the glass transition at different heating rates. Viscosities just above the glass transition temperature were obtained by applying a shift factor to the calorimetric results. These viscosity measurements (in the range of 109 Pa·s) at supercooled temperatures (ca. 230 °C) dramatically extend the temperature range of data for carbonates, which were previously restricted to super-liquidus viscosities well below 1 Pa·s. Combining our calorimetrically derived results with published alkaline-earth carbonate melt viscosities at high temperatures yields a highly non-Arrhenian viscosity-temperature relationship and confirms that carbonate liquids are “fragile.” Based on simulations, fragile behavior is also exhibited by Na2CO3 melt. In both cases, the fragility presumably relates to the formation of temperature-dependent low-dimensional structures and Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) curves adequately describe the viscosity-temperature relationships of carbonate melts below 1000 °C.
TURİST OLARAK “ENGELLİ” ALGISI, TURİST REHBERLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: GÜL Tolga
Published: September 2021

İletişim ve bakış açısı, engelli bireylerin sosyal hayat içerisinde karşılaştığı en büyük engellerden biridir. Emek yoğun bir sektör olan turizmde engelli dostu turistik ürün kadar, turistik hizmeti sunan kişinin de ne kadar engelli dostu olduğu da önemlidir. Ancak turizm alanyazınında, işgörenlerin engelli algısının belirlenmesi üzerine akademik çalışmaların çok fazla olmadığı görülmektedir. Engellilerin turistik hizmet alma noktasında karşılaştığı iletişim zorlukları, turistik destinasyonlar için fiziki zorluklara göre daha fazla olumsuz imaj oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, turist rehberlerinin; hafif engelli ve ağır engelli olma durumuna göre engelli turist algılarını ölçmektir. Bu kapsamda Türkiye’de resmi olarak turist rehberliği yapan ve engellilere hizmet vermiş 28 turist rehberi ile görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırma nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmış ve araştırmaya veri toplamak için Kozak ve Turan (2014) tarafından hazırlanan “Engelliler ve Turizm: Engelliler ve Seyahat Acentesi Yöneticilerinin Algıları” başlıklı çalışma içerisindeki 36 ifadeden oluşan soru setinden faydalanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre turist rehberlerinde engelli bireylere yönelik olumlu algının olduğu, hizmet esnasında engellilerin daha fazla ilgiye ihtiyaç duyduklarına yönelik algıya sahip oldukları ve engellileri psikolojik rahatsız ve düşkün insan olarak görmedikleri sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Genel turizm rehberliği eğitimde, engelli turist temelli eğitimlerin verilmesinin zaruri olduğu ve engelli turist rehberliği uzmanlık alan eğitimlerinin ivedilikle verilmesi gerektiği önerilmiştir.
Ancient Manuscript Preservation of Museum Ranggawarsita Library Collection Semarang Central Java
Authors: Khafidlin Khafidlin
Published: September 2021

Introduction: This article “Ancient Manuscript Preservation of Museum Ranggawarsita Library Collection Semarang Central Java” aims to determine the types of ancient manuscripts, damage factors, preservation procedures, obstacles encountered, and the appropriateness between theory and application. Methods: This study used a data collection include library research, observation and interviews, while the data processing method uses descriptive analysis. Results and discussion: The results show is a Ranggawarsita Museum Library differentiates its ancient manuscripts into two types: the original manuscript (hand) or in other words, in the form of strips of palm leaf manuscripts, totaling 15 titles and texts that have been experienced over the media in the form of typed writing, totaling 100 titles and the age is 50 years. Damage was generally caused by climatic factors, namely temperature and humidity, pollutant gases, dust and insects. Handling was done by means of preventive measures, curative, control of temperature and humidity, dust, treatment and restoration. Obstacles encountered were environmental conditions near the highway, so a lot of gas pollutants from motor vehicles, the limited budget and space. Conclusion: Applied ancient manuscript conservation activities are in accordance with existing theory that is by controlling the temperature and humidity, dust cleaning, prevention of pollutant gases, insects, preventive measures, curative and restoration. That way the ancient manuscript are still preserved.
Manifestations of «dynamic chaos» in reactions with participation of Rydberg states
Authors: Bezuglov N. N. , Golubkov G. V. , Klyucharev A. N.
Published: September 2021

The research materials carried out by the authors in the last 10–15 years in the frame of the new scientific directions of atomic physics and r adiation chemistry with the financial support of the Russian Fund of Basic Research are used extensively in this book. Along with the classical methods of collision theory we considered new relatively approaches based on the concept of the development of «dynamic chaos» in single collisions of particles involving highly excited atomic-molecular states. The quasi-classical models of the formation and decay of a collision quasi-molecular complex system are described. The adequacy of using a combination of deterministic and stochastic approaches to describing the dynamics of development of ionization processes in the physics of atomic collisions is demonstrated. A number of reactions taking place in the lower ionosphere of the Earth have been analyzed to determine their effect on the stability of the functioning of modern satellite navigation systems. The book is designed for professionals working in the scientific fie lds of phy sics and chemistry of low-temperature plasma and a cold Rydberg media, radiation chemistry, atmosphere physics and astrophysics. It can also be used as a textbook for students and graduate students of relevant universities.
Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer’s Disease: Experimental Evidence and Clinical Reality
Authors: Saha Sarama , Singh Sukhpal , Prasad Suvarna , Mittal Amit , Sharma Anil K. , Chakrabarti Sasanka
Published: September 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive death of neuronal cells in the
regions of the brain concerned with memory and cognition, and is the major cause of dementia in
the elderly population. Various molecular mechanisms, metabolic risk factors and environmental
triggers contributing to the genesis and progression of AD are under intense investigations. The present
review has dealt with the impact of a highly discussed topic of gut microbiota affecting the
neurodegeneration in the AD brain. A detailed description of the composition of gut bacterial flora
and its interaction with the host has been presented, followed by an analysis of key concepts of bidirectional
communication between gut microbiota and the brain. The substantial experimental evidence
of gut microbiota affecting the neurodegenerative process in experimental AD models has
been described next in this review, and finally, the limitations of such experimental studies vis-avis
the actual disease and the paucity of clinical data on this topic have also been mentioned.
Tylenol® and Aspirin® as Green Promoters for Ipso-Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Kwon Gyu-Tae , Kim Seung-Hoi
Published: September 2021

:

We explored the most expedient pathway for phenolic compound preparation using a combination of arylboronic acids, a green oxidant (H2O2) and a catalytic amount of readily available medicinal materials (TYLENOL® and ASPIRIN®). The arylboronic acids were successfully transformed into the corresponding phenols in high yields under metal- and base-free aqueous aerobic conditions. We demonstrated that enhanced availability and sustainability are some advantages associated with the use of medicinal supports.
Predictors of Avascular Necrosis in a Cohort of Egyptian Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: Retrospective Two Centers Study
Authors: Moghazy Abdelkawy A. , Ibrahim Amira M.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Avascular necrosis is a common complication in patients with SLE.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for the occurrence of avascular necrosis
among SLE patients receiving steroid therapy at various doses in combination with immunosuppressants.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, the medical records of all SLE patients under follow-up at the
outpatient clinics of Cairo and Kafr Elsheikh University hospitals through the period from November
2014 to August 2019 were included. Avascular necrosis was diagnosed by the findings of different
imaging modalities.

Results:

We retrieved the medical records of 770 SLE patients during the study period; of them, 55
patients (7.1%) had avascular necrosis. There was significant higher usage of cyclophosphamide (p
= 0.003), total cumulative dose of steroids 15-35g plus immunosuppressants (p < 0.001), and
steroids >35g plus immunosuppressants (p = 0.016) in the avascular necrosis cohort. Based on the
univariate analysis, disease duration of more than five years and cumulative use of steroids were
statistically significant predictors for the evolvement of avascular necrosis. Multivariate logistic regression
analysis revealed that a disease duration of more than five years was associated independently
with avascular necrosis.

Conclusion:

Our data seem to show a role of the association of immunosuppressants plus steroids
in the risk of developing avascular necrosis.
Metallodrugs as Anticancer Chemotherapeutics and Diagnostic Agents: A
Critical Patent Review (2010-2020)
Authors: Ronconi Luca , Fotopoulou Eirini , Titilas Ioannis
Published: September 2021

Background:

The development of metallodrugs with potential applications in cancer
treatment and diagnosis has been a hot topic since the approval and subsequent marketing of the anticancer
drug cisplatin in 1978. Since then, thousands of metal-based derivatives have been reported
and evaluated for their chemotherapeutic or tumor imaging properties, but only a very limited
number gained clinical status. Nonetheless, research in the field has been increasing exponentially
over the years, especially in a view to exploiting novel drug designing approaches and strategies
aimed at improving pharmacological outcomes and, at the same time, reducing side-effects.

Objective:

This review article reports on the patents filed during the last decade and strictly focusing
on the development of metal-based anticancer and diagnostic agents. The goal is to identify the
latest trends and designing strategies in the field, which would represent a valuable starting point to
researchers interested in the development of metallodrugs.

Methods:

The most relevant patents filed in the 2010-2020 timeframe have been retrieved from
various databases using dedicated search engines (such as SciFinder, Google Patents, PatentPak,
Espacenet, Global Dossier, PatentScope), sorted by type of metallodrug and screened to include
those reporting a substantial amount of biological data.

Results :

The majority of patents here reviewed are concerned with metallodrugs (mostly platinum-
based) showing interesting pharmacological properties but no specific tumor-targeting features.
Nonetheless, some promising trends in the development of novel drug delivery strategies
and/or metallodrugs with potential applications in targeted chemotherapy are envisaged.

Conclusion:

In this review, the latest trends in the development of metallodrugs from recent patents
are summarized and critically discussed. Such trends would be of interest not only to the scientific
community but also to lay audiences aiming to broaden their knowledge of the field and industrial
stakeholders potentially interested in the exploitation and commercialization of this class
of pharmaceuticals.
Targeting cAMP-pathway in Regeneration-competent Cells of Nervous Tissue: Potential to Create a Novel Drug for Treatment of Ethanol-induced
Neurodegeneration
Authors: Zyuz’kov Gleb Nikolaevich , Arkad`evna Larisa , Polykova Tatyana Yur`evna , Simanina Elena Vladislavovna , Stavrova Larisa Alexandrovna
Published: September 2021

Background:

Existing neuroprotective drugs are not effective enough to treat alcoholic
encephalopathy. This makes the development of novel pharmacological approaches to treating patients
with ethanol-induced neurodegeneration(EIN) relevant. Therefore, the search for new targets
among intracellular signaling molecules of regeneration-competent cells of nervous tissue is
promising.

Objective:

This study aims to explore the involvement of cyclic adenosine monophosphate
(cAMP) and protein kinase A (PKA) in the realization of the functions of nervous tissue progenitors
and glial cells in EIN.

Methods:

Experiments were conducted on mice of C57B1/6. EIN was modeled in vitro and in vivo.
The effects of the adenylate cyclase (AC) and PKA inhibitors on the colony-forming capacity
of neural stem cells (NSC) and neuronal-committed progenitors (NCP), their proliferative activity,
and intensity of specialization were investigated. The secretion of neurotrophins by astrocytes, oligodendrocytes,
and microglial cells was also evaluated. Individual fractions of cells were obtained
using the immunomagnetic separation method.

Results:

The cAMP/PKA signaling is shown to stimulate the proliferation of the NSC and inhibit
the mitotic activity of the NCP under the conditions of their optimal vital activity. cAMP reduces
the specialization intensity of both types of progenitors. EIN leads to the inversion of the role of
the cAMP/PKA-pathway in the regulation of NSC functions. cAMP-pathway has varying influences
on the secretion of neurotrophic growth factors by glial cells depending on their living conditions.
AC blockage stimulates the realization of the NSC and NCP growth potential and production
of neurotrophins by astrocytes and microglial cells in EIN.

Conclusion:

These findings show the potential for the use of AC inhibitors as novel effective
drugs for the therapy of alcoholic encephalopathy.
The Reluctant Wife: Ginnen Upan Seethala and Gendering Revolution
Authors: Warnapala Kanchanakesi
Published: September 2021

This paper sets out to examine the politics of representation of the biographical film, Ginnen Upan Seethala (2018), which focuses on the life and times of Rohana Wijeweera, a rebel leader who led two failed insurrections in post-independence Sri Lanka. It argues that while the film seemingly exonerates the leader and the movement, through a discourse of domesticity, it simultaneously engages in a nuanced representation of Chithrangani Wijeweera, the wife of Rohana Wijeweera, a woman who has been positioned at the margins of the masculinized historical record of the JVP party. While such records have largely ignored testimony in which Chithrangani constructs herself as a reluctant wife who is subordinated to the dominant ideology of the party and its leader, the film provides her a more expansive and empathetic role and thereby bears witness to her tale of victimhood and survival, unraveling how patriarchal political conquest coopts women as strategic sites of political domination.
Making Her Case: Dramatisation, Feminism, and the Law in the Ruth Bader Ginsburg Biopic On the Basis of Sex
Authors: Schönberger-Stepien Christina
Published: September 2021

The portrayal of women in film has experienced a remarkable increase in recent years (see for example The Iron Lady, Hidden Figures, Jackie, or Judy). Female biographical film becomes particularly powerful when its entire theme and ideology centres around the law and politics of gender and sex, as is the case in Mimi Leder’s biopic On the Basis of Sex (2018) about the life of the late US Supreme Court justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. The gender-conscious film portrays and dramatises the life of a determined woman who, despite struggles and sex-based discriminations, has transformed the justice system in terms of gender equality and the protection of women’s rights since the 1970s. This article argues that by negotiating the intertwinement of personal life and public achievement, the film covers pivotal issues of the feminist biopic such as the dissolving of traditional gender roles and a narrative of female success but also points to a collective notion of the biopic in its attempt to initiate wider political and societal discourses. The dramatisation of Ginsburg’s life in the form of a feminist courtroom biopic celebrates Ginsburg’s legacy via a strong affective, political focus and a juxtaposition of private and public, personal and professional, accompanied by an aesthetics of symbolism and symmetry.
Selection of the Optimal L-asparaginase II Against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An In Silico Approach
Authors: Baral Adesh , Gorkhali Ritesh , Basnet Amit , Koirala Shubham , Bhattarai Hitesh Kumar
Published: September 2021

Background

L-asparaginase II (asnB), a periplasmic protein commercially extracted from E coli and Erwinia, is often used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. L-asparaginase is an enzyme that converts L-asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. Cancer cells are dependent on asparagine from other sources for growth, and when these cells are deprived of asparagine by the action of the enzyme, the cancer cells selectively die.

Objective

Questions remain as to whether asnB from E coli and Erwinia is the best asparaginase as they have many side effects. asnBs with the lowest Michaelis constant (Km; most potent) and lowest immunogenicity are considered the most optimal enzymes. In this paper, we have attempted the development of a method to screen for optimal enzymes that are better than commercially available enzymes.

Methods

In this paper, the asnB sequence of E coli was used to search for homologous proteins in different bacterial and archaeal phyla, and a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed. The sequences that are most distant from E coli and Erwinia were considered the best candidates in terms of immunogenicity and were chosen for further processing. The structures of these proteins were built by homology modeling, and asparagine was docked with these proteins to calculate the binding energy.

Results

asnBs from Streptomyces griseus, Streptomyces venezuelae, and Streptomyces collinus were found to have the highest binding energy (–5.3 kcal/mol, –5.2 kcal/mol, and –5.3 kcal/mol, respectively; higher than the E coli and Erwinia asnBs) and were predicted to have the lowest Kms, as we found that there is an inverse relationship between binding energy and Km. Besides predicting the most optimal asparaginase, this technique can also be used to predict the most optimal enzymes where the substrate is known and the structure of one of the homologs is solved.

Conclusions

We have devised an in silico method to predict the enzyme kinetics from a sequence of an enzyme along with being able to screen for optimal alternative asnBs against acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
The Impact of Digital Patient Portals on Health Outcomes, System Efficiency, and Patient Attitudes: Updated Systematic Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Carini Elettra , Villani Leonardo , Pezzullo Angelo Maria , Gentili Andrea , Barbara Andrea , Ricciardi Walter , Boccia Stefania
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Patient portals are becoming increasingly popular worldwide even though their impact on individual health and health system efficiency is still unclear.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this systematic review was to summarize evidence on the impact of patient portals on health outcomes and health care efficiency, and to examine user characteristics, attitudes, and satisfaction.

METHODS

We searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for articles published from January 1, 2013, to October 31, 2019. Eligible studies were primary studies reporting on the impact of patient portal adoption in relation to health outcomes, health care efficiency, and patient attitudes and satisfaction. We excluded studies where portals were not accessible for patients and pilot studies, with the exception of articles evaluating patient attitudes.

RESULTS

Overall, 3456 records were screened, and 47 articles were included. Among them, 11 studies addressed health outcomes reporting positive results, such as better monitoring of health status, improved patient-doctor interaction, and improved quality of care. Fifteen studies evaluated the impact of digital patient portals on the utilization of health services with mixed results. Patient characteristics were described in 32 studies, and it was reported that the utilization rate usually increases with age and female gender. Finally, 30 studies described attitudes and defined the main barriers (concerns about privacy and data security, and lack of time) and facilitators (access to clinical data and laboratory results) to the use of a portal.

CONCLUSIONS

Evidence regarding health outcomes is generally favorable, and patient portals have the potential to enhance the doctor-patient relationship, improve health status awareness, and increase adherence to therapy. It is still unclear whether the use of patient portals improves health service utilization and efficiency.
Electronic Video Consent to Power Precision Research: A Pilot Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Naeim Arash , Dry Sarah , Elashoff David , Xie Zhuoer , Petruse Antonia , Magyar Clara , Johansen Lilliana , Werre Gabriela , Lajonchere Clara , Wenger Neil
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Developing innovative, efficient, and institutionally scalable biospecimen consent for remnant tissue that meets the National Institutes of Health consent guidelines for genomic and molecular analysis is essential for precision medicine efforts in cancer.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to pilot-test an electronic video consent that individuals could complete largely on their own.

METHODS

The University of California, Los Angeles developed a video consenting approach designed to be comprehensive yet fast (around 5 minutes) for providing universal consent for remnant biospecimen collection for research. The approach was piloted in 175 patients who were coming in for routine services in laboratory medicine, radiology, oncology, and hospital admissions. The pilot yielded 164 completed postconsent surveys. The pilot assessed the usefulness, ease, and trustworthiness of the video consent. In addition, we explored drivers for opting in or opting out.

RESULTS

The pilot demonstrated that the electronic video consent was well received by patients, with high scores for usefulness, ease, and trustworthiness even among patients that opted out of participation. The revised more animated video pilot test in phase 2 was better received in terms of ease of use (P=.005) and the ability to understand the information (P<.001). There were significant differences between those who opted in and opted out in their beliefs concerning the usefulness of tissue, trusting researchers, the importance of contributing to science, and privacy risk (P<.001). The results showed that “I trust researchers to use leftover biological specimens to promote the public’s health” and “Sharing a biological sample for research is safe because of the privacy protections in place” discriminated opt-in statuses were the strongest predictors (both areas under the curve were 0.88). Privacy concerns seemed universal in individuals who opted out.

CONCLUSIONS

Efforts to better educate the community may be needed to help overcome some of the barriers in engaging individuals to participate in precision health initiatives.
Selection of the Optimal L-asparaginase II Against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An In Silico Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Baral Adesh , Gorkhali Ritesh , Basnet Amit , Koirala Shubham , Bhattarai Hitesh Kumar
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

L-asparaginase II (asnB), a periplasmic protein commercially extracted from E coli and Erwinia, is often used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. L-asparaginase is an enzyme that converts L-asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. Cancer cells are dependent on asparagine from other sources for growth, and when these cells are deprived of asparagine by the action of the enzyme, the cancer cells selectively die.

OBJECTIVE

Questions remain as to whether asnB from E coli and Erwinia is the best asparaginase as they have many side effects. asnBs with the lowest Michaelis constant (Km; most potent) and lowest immunogenicity are considered the most optimal enzymes. In this paper, we have attempted the development of a method to screen for optimal enzymes that are better than commercially available enzymes.

METHODS

In this paper, the asnB sequence of E coli was used to search for homologous proteins in different bacterial and archaeal phyla, and a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed. The sequences that are most distant from E coli and Erwinia were considered the best candidates in terms of immunogenicity and were chosen for further processing. The structures of these proteins were built by homology modeling, and asparagine was docked with these proteins to calculate the binding energy.

RESULTS

asnBs from Streptomyces griseus, Streptomyces venezuelae, and Streptomyces collinus were found to have the highest binding energy (–5.3 kcal/mol, –5.2 kcal/mol, and –5.3 kcal/mol, respectively; higher than the E coli and Erwinia asnBs) and were predicted to have the lowest Kms, as we found that there is an inverse relationship between binding energy and Km. Besides predicting the most optimal asparaginase, this technique can also be used to predict the most optimal enzymes where the substrate is known and the structure of one of the homologs is solved.

CONCLUSIONS

We have devised an in silico method to predict the enzyme kinetics from a sequence of an enzyme along with being able to screen for optimal alternative asnBs against acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Reducing Delays in Diagnosing Primary Immunodeficiency Through the Development and Implementation of a Clinical Decision Support Tool: Protocol for a Quality Improvement Project (Preprint)
Authors: Kumar Bharat , Zetumer Samuel , Swee Melissa , Endelman Ellen L Keyser , Suneja Manish , Davis Benjamin
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Primary immunodeficiencies (PIs) are a set of heterogeneous chronic disorders characterized by immune dysfunction. They are diagnostically challenging because of their clinical heterogeneity, knowledge gaps among primary care physicians, and continuing shortages of clinically trained immunologists. As a result, patients with undiagnosed PIs are at increased risk for recurrent infections, cancers, and autoimmune diseases.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this research is to develop and implement a clinical decision support (CDS) tool for the identification of underlying PIs.

METHODS

We will develop and implement a CDS tool for the identification of underlying PIs among patients who receive primary care through a health care provider at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. The CDS tool will function through an algorithm that is based on the Immune Deficiency Foundation’s 10 Warning Signs for Primary Immunodeficiency. Over the course of a year, we will use Lean Six Sigma principles and the Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC) framework to guide the project. The primary measure is the number of newly diagnosed PI patients per month. Secondary measures include the following: (1) the number of new patients identified by the CDS as being at high risk for PI, (2) the number of new PI cases in which immunoglobulin replacement or rotating antibiotics are started, (3) the cost of evaluation of each patient identified by the CDS tool as being at high risk for PIs, (4) the number of new consults not diagnosed with a PI, and (5) patient satisfaction with the process of referral to the Immunology Clinic.

RESULTS

This study was determined to not be Human Subjects Research by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Iowa. Data collection will begin in August 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

The development and implementation of a CDS tool is a promising approach to identifying patients with underlying PI. This protocol assesses whether such an approach will be able to achieve its objective of reducing diagnostic delays. The disciplined approach, using Lean Six Sigma and the DMAIC framework, will guide implementation to maximize opportunities for a successful intervention that meets the study’s goals and objectives as well as to allow for replication and adaptation of these methods at other sites.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/32635
Effects of Prosthetic Rehabilitation on Temporomandibular Disorders: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Sreekumar Saranya , Janakiram Chandrashekar , Mathew Anil
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Loss of teeth or occlusal imbalance is one of the proposed dental risk factors for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Losing some non–free-end teeth cause the original occluding tooth/teeth to supraerupt from the original upright position and causes neighboring tooth/teeth to shift in an angle, causing biomechanical imbalance on the mandible. Based on these sequelae, rehabilitation of missing teeth is the first step in managing TMD in edentulous patients. Even though the prevalence of TMD in association with edentulism and in rehabilitated patients has been increasing, proper guidelines for the management of such cases have not been established. This study describes the protocol to analyze the effect of prosthetic rehabilitation on patients with TMD.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of prosthetic rehabilitation in the reduction of pain in edentulous patients with TMD and to determine the effect of the span of edentulism, the number of quadrants involved, pathological migration, the type of Kennedy classification, and the prosthetic status on temporomandibular joint dysfunction signs and symptoms.

METHODS

In this randomized controlled trial, 300 patients diagnosed with TMD will be grouped into one of the three interventional groups based on the type of their edentulous state. The interventional groups are (1) partially edentulous arch: Kennedy Class I and II (prosthetic rehabilitation without splint); (2) partially edentulous arch: Kennedy Class III and IV (prosthetic rehabilitation with a splint); and (3) completely edentulous arches (prosthetic rehabilitation without splint). All three of the mentioned interventional groups have corresponding control groups that will receive symptomatic treatment and comprehensive counseling. The measured primary outcomes are pain and electromyogram, and the secondary outcomes include pain drawing, Graded Chronic Pain Scale, Jaw Functional Limitation Scale, Oral Behaviours Checklist, depression, physical symptoms, and anxiety. The outcome measurements will be recorded at baseline and at the end of 24 hours, 7 days, 28 days, and 3 months.

RESULTS

Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India. Study participants’ recruitment began in May 2021 and is expected to conclude in March 2023. This clinical trial protocol was developed based on the SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) 2013 Statement.

CONCLUSIONS

The purpose of this study is to gather data on prosthetic rehabilitation as a treatment for TMD. Obtaining this goal will aid in the development of evidence-based therapy protocols for prosthetic rehabilitation in TMD management.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Trials Registry - India CTRI/2020/06/026169; http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pdf_generate.php?trialid=42381

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/33104
Peer Review of “Selection of the Optimal L-asparaginase II Against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An In Silico Approach“ (Preprint)
Authors: Hardikar Navneetha
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to MS ID#{29844).
Peer Review of “Selection of the Optimal L-asparaginase II Against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An In Silico Approach“ (Preprint)
Authors: Mohammad Ariz
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to MS ID#{29844].
Authors’ Response to Peer Reviews of “Selection of the Optimal L-asparaginase II Against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An In Silico Approach” (Preprint)
Authors: Baral Adesh , Gorkhali Ritesh , Basnet Amit , Koirala Shubham , Bhattarai Hitesh Kumar
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

“These are the authors’ responses to peer review reports related to MS ID[29844].”
Feasibility and Acceptability of Ecological Momentary Assessment With Young Adults Who Are Currently or Were Formerly Homeless: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Semborski Sara , Henwood Benjamin , Redline Brian , Dzubur Eldin , Mason Tyler , Intille Stephen
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has been used with young people experiencing homelessness to gather information on contexts associated with homelessness and risk behavior in real time and has proven feasible in this population. However, the extent to which EMA may affect the attitudes or behaviors of young adults who are currently or were formerly homeless and are residing in supportive housing has not been well investigated.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the feedback regarding EMA study participation from young adults who are currently or were formerly homeless and examine the reactivity to EMA participation and compliance.

METHODS

This mixed methods study used cross-sectional data collected before and after EMA, intensive longitudinal data from a 7-day EMA prompting period, and focus groups of young adults who are currently or were formerly homeless in Los Angeles, California, between 2017 and 2019.

RESULTS

Qualitative data confirmed the quantitative findings. Differences in the experience of EMA between young adults who are currently or were formerly homeless were found to be related to stress or anxiety, interference with daily life, difficulty charging, behavior change, and honesty in responses. Anxiety and depression symptomatology decreased from before to after EMA; however, compliance was not significantly associated with this decrease.

CONCLUSIONS

The results point to special considerations when administering EMA to young adults who are currently or were formerly homeless. EMA appears to be slightly more burdensome for young adults who are currently homeless than for those residing in supportive housing, which are nuances to consider in the study design. The lack of a relationship between study compliance and symptomatology suggests low levels of reactivity.

CLINICALTRIAL
Examining tweet content of the turkish ministry of health during covid-19: a qualitative analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Özdemi̇r Mi̇kai̇l
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Health communication has become more critical than ever during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recently, many officials and government agencies have made public information through this channel, which has made Twitter an alternative reliable media organ.

OBJECTIVE

The present study focuses on the posts made on the official Twitter account of the Turkish Ministry of Health on the communication process during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

In this qualitative study, a total of 1,349 unique COVID-19-related tweets posted between 1 March and 31 December 2020 were identified. The tweets were evaluated using the content analysis approach by two investigators.

RESULTS

Six primary themes emerged regarding the content of the messages: providing information, warning to the community, motivating people and morale-boosting, improving cooperation, scientific approach, and advice to the community. It was observed that the incidence of cases and the frequency of the tweets about motivating people and providing information themes were parallel. In addition, the warning to community tweets peaked towards the middle of the pandemic (August 2020), and then the dose of posts on this subject decreased. In addition, while the frequency of warning to community tweets towards the middle of the pandemic increased, then the dose of posts on this topic decreased.

CONCLUSIONS

This study has shown that the Ministry of Health uses Twitter frequently and effectively to reach the public more easily in the fight against the pandemic. In the future waves of COVID-19 or other pandemics, the planned and regular production of these "tweets" by health professionals will provide a more transparent crisis management opportunity by taking the fear of the public related to the pandemic. This study can provide insights to health officials and government agencies for crisis communication publicizing health information via social media.
Patients’ Expectations and Experiences With a Mental Health–Focused Supportive Text Messaging Program: Mixed Methods Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Shalaby Reham , Vuong Wesley , Eboreime Ejemai , Surood Shireen , Greenshaw Andrew J , Agyapong Vincent Israel Opoku
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Web-based services are an economical and easily scalable means of support that uses existing technology. Text4Support is a supportive, complementary text messaging service that supports people with different mental health conditions after they are discharged from inpatient psychiatric care.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aim to assess user satisfaction with the Text4Support service to gain a better understanding of subscribers’ experiences.

METHODS

This was a mixed methods study using secondary data from a pilot observational controlled trial. The trial included 181 patients discharged from acute psychiatric care and distributed into 4 randomized groups. Out of the 4 study groups in the initial study, 2 groups who received supportive text messages (89/181, 49.2% of patients), either alone or alongside a peer support worker, were included. Thematic and descriptive analyses were also performed. Differences in feedback based on sex at birth and primary diagnosis were determined using univariate analysis. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (trial registration number: NCT03404882).

RESULTS

Out of 89 participants, 36 (40%) completed the follow-up survey. The principal findings were that Text4Support was well perceived with a high satisfaction rate either regarding the feedback of the messages or their perceived impact. Meanwhile, there was no statistically significant difference between satisfactory items based on the subscriber’s sex at birth or primary diagnosis. The patients’ initial expectations were either neutral or positive in relation to the expected nature or the impact of the text messages received on their mental well-being. In addition, the subscribers were satisfied with the frequency of the messages, which were received once daily for 6 consecutive months. The participants recommended more personalized messages or mutual interaction with health care personnel.

CONCLUSIONS

Text4Support was generally well perceived by patients after hospital discharge, regardless of their sex at birth or mental health diagnosis. Further personalization and interactive platforms were recommended by participants that may need to be considered when designing similar future services.
Foreign Exchange Market and the Asset Approach
Authors: Agarwal Dr. Varsha
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Exchange rates play a central role in international trade because they allow us to compare the prices of goods and services produced in different countries. A consumer deciding which of two American cars to buy must compare their dollar prices. Households and firms use exchange rates to translate foreign prices into domestic cur-rency terms. Once the money prices of domestic goods and imports have been expressed in terms of the same currency, households and firms can compute the relative prices that affect international trade flows. Keywords: Foreign Exchange, Exchange Rate, International Trade, Foreign Currency, FOREX Rate, Assets Approach.
CFD Analysis of Enhancement of Heat Transfer of Automobile Radiator with Hybrid Nanofluid as a Coolant
Authors: Zanzote Megha
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The performance of the radiator depends on the fluid used in it as a coolant. The conventional fluids like water, ethylene glycol used as a coolant have low thermal conductivity and are not enough for transferring the heat to more extend. Nanoparticles because of their high thermal conductivity enhances the performance of the radiator when added into the base fluid. In the present work Al2O3-CuO/ Water based hybrid nanofluid is used as a coolant for the CFD analysis of automobile radiator. Different mixing ratios (80:20, 60:40,50:50,40:60 and 20:80) of Al2O3-CuO nanoparticles are used in water with 1% volume concentration. The inlet temperature and volume flow rate of fluid are kept constant. The nanofluid with 20:80 mixing ratio of Al2O3-CuO gives maximum enhancement in heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number than water by 72% and 65% respectively. Keywords: Coolant, Heat Transfer Coefficient, Nusselt Number, Hybrid Nanofluids, Radiator
Automation in Surveillance: A Review of the Developments
Authors: Mukkera Sai Shashank
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to conduct a literature survey on the developments of surveillance systems while laying strong emphasis on AI-related developments. With the rise in availability of video data and advancements in computer vision techniques, the role of AI in surveillance has become more prominent. Most surveillance footage is used for investigative purposes after an event has occurred instead of providing real-time alerts. The systems discussed in this paper help achieve this goal of providing real-time alerts. Limitations and strengths of the systems are also discussed.
Experimental and theoretical study of the strength of plates for pressure
Authors: Trekin Nikolai N. , Sarkisov Dmitry Yu. , Trofimov Sergey V. , Krylov Vladimir V. , Evstafeva Elizaveta B.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The issues of strength and deformability of reinforced concrete floors during punching remain insufficiently studied at present, despite the numerous publications in the technical literature. This article presents the results of experimental studies of the punching shear strength of fragments of conjugation of flat reinforced concrete monolithic slabs with a column under static loading. The purpose of these studies was to obtain experimental data on the stress-strain state of a fragment of a monolithic floor during static punching and to develop a spatial model based on the finite element method with subsequent numerical studies. Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried out on a test bench. The characteristics of prototypes are given: dimensions, reinforcement, class of concrete and reinforcement. A test setup is described. For the numerical simulation of the slab-column interface, the ATENA software package was used, which allows for physically and geometrically nonlinear calculations of reinforced concrete structures, taking into account the real work of the materials used to create experimental models. Results. Comparison of the results for the breaking load, obtained during the experiment, with the results of numerical modeling by the finite element method and with the results of calculations using the methods of SP 63.13330.2018 and Eurocode 2. The diagrams of the distribution of deformations in reinforcement and concrete, breaking loads and patterns of distribution of cracks in the samples are obtained. Conclusions. The analysis of experimental and numerical studies made it possible to formulate the conditions for the pun­ching shear strength of flat slabs with longitudinal reinforcement and to give recommendations on the strength calculation under central loading.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL INKUIRI SOSIAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ALQURAN-HADIS: PENELITIAN PENGEMBANGAN DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH (Development of Social Inquiry Model In Learning of The Quran-Hadith: Development Research In Madrasah Tsanawiyah)
Authors: Rahmiati Rahmiati , Rezi Muhamad , Zubir Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Learning the Quran and Hadith is one of the subjects given at Madrasah Tsanawiyah. Ideally, this learning effectively achieves the goals of National education, especially those related to understanding the main points of Islamic teachings and the proper way of practicing them in everyday life. Preliminary studies indicate that learning the Quran and Hadith is still not able to achieve the goals or ideals outlined by the curriculum. The Quran and Hadith material still dominantly emphasizes memorization/knowledge and is still far from solving problems (problem-solving skills). This study aims to develop learning the Quran and Hadith to instill the values of social care and become learning that challenges students' intellect and curiosity. The method used in this research is Research and Development, which steps in the form of a Preliminary Study, Development, and Product Testing. The development of the Social Inquiry model in learning the Quran and Hadith is significantly proven to be able to the teacher's social inquiry stating that in implementing learning, developing student creativity increases in learning. It can be interpreted that learning the Quran and Hadith based on social inquiry is practical to be implemented.
ALAM SEMESTA MENURUT AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Zaini Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Kosmologi dalam al-Qur’an dapat digambarkan bahwa Allah telah menciptakan tujuh lapis langit dan meletakkan yang satu di atas yang lain di atas bumi, dalam tatanan yang sempurna dan tanpa cela, masing-masing berorbit pada jalannya sendiri. Karena alam semesta dan proses-proses yang terjadi di dalamnya sering kali dinyatakan sebagai ayat-ayat Allah, maka memeriksa dan meneliti kosmos atau alam semesta dapat diartikan juga membaca ayat-ayat tersebut. Dengan memperhatikan alam semesta maka akan dapat merinci dan menguraikan serta menerangkan ayat-ayat di dalam al-Qur’an yang pada umumnya merupakan garis-garis besar saja