bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Series to evaluate role of Nutool Therapy on Headache frequency, MIDAS (Migraine Disability Assessment Score) headache intensity by VAS in diagnosed cases of Shaqiqa (Migraine) in Delhi
Authors: Adil Mohd , Anjum Ruby , Wani Paras , Perveen Aisha
Published: April 2022

Almost all Unani physicians have advocated Nutool therapy in the management of migraine (Shaqiqa), particularly with or without medicated oil or liquid, but unfortunately these have not evaluated on scientific parameters. Despite the fact that, this therapy is in the practice of Unani physician and a large number of patients have been treated successfully; this regimen still requires scientific validation to generalize their popularity and acceptability.   Present paper is the case series of diagnosed migraine patients to assess the effect of Nutool therapy on headache intensity, MIDAS scale and Pain intensity. The present study entitled “Case Series to evaluate role of Nutool Therapy on Headache frequency (from the daily headache diary),MIDAS (migraine disability assessment score) headache intensity by VAS in diagnosed cases of Shaqiqa (Migraine) in patients attending HAHU and SUMER ,Jamia Hamdard Delhi was conducted in the Department of Tahaffuzi-wa-samaji Tib, SUMER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi during the period of September 2020 to Nov 2020  in Psychiatric OPD of HAHC Hospital, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on diagnosed Patients of Migraine as per ICHD3rd (International classification of headache disorders) Criteria. Nutool with Rogan Gul was done for 30 minutes for 12 sittings. The analysis of Nutool therapy on intensity of pain was done and it was found that Nutool therapy reduced the intensity of pain, and it was found statistically significant P<.005 (ANOVA of repeated measures) Freidman statistic Fr =17.76. Nutool therapy also reduced the MIDAS (migraine disability assessment score) and was statistically significant (P<.0047).and was effective on intensity of headache and found statistically significantly P<.0001. Further studies need to be carried out so that it can be advocated on large scale in management of migraine effectively.
Keywords: Migraine, Nutool, Rogan-e-Gul, MIDAS, VAS, Pain.
The Effect of Headset/Earphone Use on Hearing Decrease
Authors: Poluan Fransiskus Harf
Published: April 2022

Chronic noise exposure due to the use of a headset for listening to music can reduce hearing function. This thesis aims to determine the effect of the use of a headset to function hearing in terms of duration of use, frequency of use, and the volume when listening to music. Some people listen to music using the headset is not only for relaxation but also to increase their concentration on work. Using a headset can avoid interference, thereby increasing the concentration of the individual. It is essential to realize the influence of music and the use of a headset on the performance and safety of workers while doing their job.

Keywords: Headset, the effect of the use of headsets
Overview of Anti-platelet Drug Use in Ischemic Stroke Patients at UKI General Hospital in 2015
Authors: Djojosaputro Mulyadi , Aritonang Christina Roseville Lasma
Published: April 2022

Stroke is an acute neuro-deficit disease that occurs when there is a disturbance of cerebral blood flow. There are two kinds of stroke, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is a stroke that occurs due to the formation of thrombosis and emboli. Thrombosis and emboli block the bloodstream in small blood vessels or prominent blood vessels. Drugs that can cause disturbance to the hemostasis mechanism, such as antiplatelets, are usually used on stroke management. This study aims to know the types and amounts of antiplatelet drugs used on stroke ischemic patients in UKI General Hospital from January to December 2015. This research showed that stroke ischemic occurs more often at age 61 -70 (43%). There are no significant differences between both genders, the most common drugs are Aspilet 80 mg (22 times). For combination drugs, Clopidogrel with Aspilet is used more often than Clopidogrel with Ascardia.

Keywords: stroke, thrombosis, antiplatelet
Hepatoprotective Properties of Sarcocephalus latifolius Extract in Hyperglycemic Rat Model
Authors: Chukwudozie Kingsley I. , Ezeudoka Brendan C. , Okechukwu Vanessa C.
Published: April 2022

Currently, there is a need for safe, effective, and less costly antidiabetic medications, and investigating medicinal plants for new antidiabetic medication is gaining increased attention. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease associated with hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hepatocellular damage. Sarcocephalus latifolius (family Rubiaceae) has been widely explored in ethnomedicine for the treatment and management of various disorders. The biochemical, hepatoprotective, and histological effects of aqueous-ethanolic leaf extract of S. latifolius in alloxan-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Thirty (30) juvenile male Wistar rats were placed into six groups, each with five rats: Normal rats made up Group 1, while diabetic rats in Groups 2–4 were given 200, 400, and 800 mg/Kg body weight of aqueous-ethanolic leaf extract, respectively; diabetic rats in Group 5 were given a standard anti-diabetic drug (0.2 mg/kg glibenclamide), and diabetic rats in Group 6 were left untreated. When compared to control rats, Alloxan induction led to a significant elevation in plasma glucose level, liver enzymes, low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG), but a significant decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL). The alterations in the following parameters were returned to normal levels when the diabetic rats were administered S. latifolius extract. The results indicate that S. latifolius showed hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potentials, and may serve as a remedy for the management of diabetes.

Keywords: Sarcocephalus latifolius, Diabetes, Albino rats, Alloxan, Liver
Safety Assessment of Glyphaea brevis Spreng. (Tiliaceae): Acute and Subacute Toxicity of the Leaf Aqueous Extract in Mice and Wistar Rats
Authors: Dakam William , Nguemfo Edwige Laure , Fannang Simone Véronique , Azombo Erika Lionelle Asseng , Ndomou Mathieu
Published: April 2022

Background: Despite the various medicinal applications of Glyphaea brevis, no toxicology data are available that could guarantee its safety or describe its possible toxic effects. We studied the acute and subacute toxicity of leaf aqueous extract of G. brevis (GbAE) in animal models.

Materials and methods: In acute toxicity study, mice were given a single oral administration of GbAE at doses of 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight (bw). The animals were monitored for behavioral changes and possible mortality over a 48-hour period, thereafter for 14 days. In the subacute toxicity study, rats were administered G. brevis extract at doses of 300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg bw daily, for 28 days. Tissue specimens of the liver and kidneys were subjected to histological examination using standard hematoxylin-eosin staining. An array of hematological (blood cells count and morphology) and biochemical assessments of blood (ALT, AST, urea, uric acid and creatinine) were performed.

Results: In acute toxicity study, GbAE at a dose of 5000 mg/kg caused some signs of toxicity and mortality was higher in males than in females. Subacute toxicity study revealed that GbAE at a dose of 1200 mg/kg caused significant increase of lymphocytes rate as well as serum rates of ALT and creatinin. Microscopically, there were slight hepatic and renal tissue inflammation that was reversible.

Conclusion: Some caution should be taken when G. brevis leaves are to be administered repetitively for long periods. Additional preclinical toxicological data should be acquired and ascertained over repeated long-term studies.

Keywords: Glyphaea brevis, toxicity, histopathology, liver, kidney
ADME-Tox profile of Cuminaldehyde (4-Isopropylbenzaldehyde) from Cuminum cyminum seeds for potential biomedical applications
Authors: Ramya S. , Loganathan T. , Chandran M. , Priyanka R. , Kavipriya K. , Grace Lydial Pushpalatha G. Lydial , Aruna Devaraj , Abraham GC. , Jayakumararaj R.
Published: April 2022

Cuminum cyminum L (Family: Apiaceae) is a small multipurpose herb. Seeds of cumin are widely used as a spice for its distinctive aroma, and more commonly in various indigenous traditional systems of medicine. Access through web literature provides ample evidence for biomedical activities of Cuminum cyminum seeds (CCS). CCS has been used in traditional medicine to treat variety of diseases, including hypolipidemia, cancer, and diabetes. Biomedical properties of CCS is attributed to its phytochemical class of compounds viz., terpenes, phenols and flavonoids. Health effects of CCS have been experimentally validated through phytochemical screening deciphering the fact that it contains a large number of bioactive secondary metabolites (BASMs) viz., alkaloid, coumarin, anthraquinones, flavonoid, glycoside, protein, resin, saponin, tannin and steroid. Furthermore, pharmacological studies indicate that BASMs in CCS exert antimicrobial, insecticidal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-platelet-aggregation, hypotensive, bronchodilatory, immunological, contraceptive, anti-amyloidogenic, anti-osteoporotic, aldose reductase, α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitory effects. Cuminaldehyde is one of the major bioactive compounds in CCS that holds significant pharmacological prominence. However, in-depth studies are lacking henceforth warranted to elucidate and fill the gaps, particularly on phytocompound isolation, pre-clinical, clinical characterization, and evaluation of structure–activity relationship. The present study prospects ADMETox perspectives of cuminaldehyde (4-Isopropylbenzaldehyde).

Keywords: Cuminaldehyde; Isopropylbenzaldehyde; Cuminum cyminum; ADMETox; Natural Product (NP)
Utilization of Ambon Banana Stem (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L)) Ethanol Extract as Moisturizing Sheet Mask
Authors: Ginting Indra , Rudang Singgar Ni , Naldi Jefri , Siboro Esrawani , Leny Leny
Published: April 2022

Ambon banana stem are known to contain chemical compounds including flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. One of these chemical compounds has the potential as an antioxidant, namely flavonoids which has antioxidant properties as free radical scavengers. Antioxidants can be used to repair skin cells damaged by free radicals, these antioxidants can provide a moisturizing and brightening effect on the skin so that the skin is not only kept moist and looks radiant. The purpose of this study was to formulate sheet mask preparation from ethanol extract of Ambon banana stem (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L)) into various concentration 5%, 7% and 9%. The sheet mask was then being examined for its activity to provide smoother skin after 4 weeks of treatment by measuring skin moisture content. Data was then being analyzed using ANOVA method. The research showed that sheet mask preparation of Ambon banana stem ethanol extract met the requirements for organoleptic evaluation, homogeneity, pH, irritation test. In increasing moisture content of Ambon banana stem ethanol extract sheet mask preparation, showed insignificant value (p > 0.05) where there is no significant difference toward the positive control. These results conclude that the sheet mask preparation of Ambon banana stem ethanol extract provides a moisturizing effect on skin.

Keywords: Ambon banana stem, moisturizer, sheet mask
Cannabinoid as Pain Modulation: The Review
Authors: Saikia Deepjyoti
Published: April 2022

Cannabinoids are the most commonly recognized herbal plant, having much medicinal importance from ancient times and plays an important role in Indian culture. Now a day’s cannabinoids are used for many therapeutic purposes, and under clinical trial by various institutions. In the latest discovery within humans, it was found that we also have cannabinoids, receptors, and enzymes in our body, so it is termed as endocannabinoids, it consists of receptors CB1 and CB­2, endocannabinoids and their enzyme. Most of the phyto-cannabinoids work in these receptors, which result in Ant inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antiemetic, antifungal, antibiotic, AChE inhibitor. The most common effect shown is pain modulation, in this article we are getting into various methods by which phyto-cannabinoids modulate pain signals in our body and all the clinical trial which is ongoing or complicated the trial on cannabis.

Keywords: Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CANNABINOIDS, Endocannabinoid system (ECS), Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP).
A Synopsize Report of the Various Perspectives of Urolithiasis and its Ethno-Medical Future
Authors: Sharma Sarita , Raval Amit J. , Koneri Raju , Sharma Gaurav Kumar
Published: April 2022

Kidney stone formation or urolithiasis is a complex process that results from a series of physicochemical events, including supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention in the kidney. Urolithiasis affects about 10% of people in the Western world in their 70s. Epidemiological data show that calcium oxalate is the major mineral in most kidney stones.

To date, great progress has been achieved in identifying metabolic risk factors that predispose to this complex condition, the most prominent of which is hypercalcemia. The unique genetic and epigenetic elements concerned in urolithiasis have remained largely unknown, thanks in part to the candidate gene and linkage techniques that have been available to date, which are inherently low in terms of their decision-making power and ability to assess modest outcomes in complicated traits.

However, when combined with studies of rare Mendeliantypes of urolithiasis linked to various metabolic danger factors, those methodologies have shown organic pathways that appear to underpin the improvement of stones in the urinary system. Furthermore, despite substantial improvements in research into the biochemical and physical signs of kidney stones, therapeutic therapy medications are in short supply. Phytotherapy may be effective as an alternative or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of urolithiasis, according to data from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical investigations. This article discusses the various varieties of stones, as well as their characteristics.

The varieties of stones, their composition, clinical evaluation, various surgical procedures for removal, treatment downsides, and several herbal medicine details giving therapeutic effects are all included in this review.

Keywords: Urolithiasis, Epidemiological data, Diagnosis, Herbal drugs, Ethno medicines.
Ocurrencia espacial y batimétrica de Brama australis frente a las costas de Chile y el Océano Pacífico Sur
Authors: San Martín Marcelo A. , Leal Elson , Canales T. Mariella
Published: April 2022

Data about Brama australis distribution along the Chilean coast and the South Pacific is scarce and varied. The aim of this study was to provide new information concerning the spatial and bathymetric occurrence of B. australis in the Southern Pacific Ocean. To do this, all data and information available in scientific literature regarding Chile and the South Pacific Ocean were collected, including fishery dependent and independent as well as bycatch data. B. australis could be present in a wider latitudinal range from the 27°S to 57°S, including fjords, open ocean, and along a band in the Pacific Ocean, from New Zealand up to the Chilean coast. Thus, B australis shows a wider distribution compared to previous studies especially towards the Southern Chile. Bathymetrically the species occurs with a higher frequency in depths between 100 and 250 m, however a low occurrence was recorded over 500 m depth. A potential association of B. australis with the West Wind Drift, which could influence the distribution of the species in the Pacific Ocean and off the Chilean coast, is hypothesized. Further work includes taxonomic studies to confirm the presence of the same species in the distributional area proposed here.
Indoor culture scaling of Gracilaria chilensis (Florideophyceae, Rhodophyta): The effects of nutrients by means of different culture media
Authors: Rivas Jorge , Núñez Alejandra , Erazo Francisca , Castañeda Francisco , Araya Matias , Meynard Andrés , Contreras-Porcia Loretto
Published: April 2022

Gracilaria chilensis is distributed in New Zealand (including Chatham Island) and South America. This species has a three-stage sexual life cycle, as well as asexual and vegetative reproduction, and is commercially important as it is a valuable source for producing agar. However, basing the crops exclusively on clonal reproduction and vegetative propagation has led to a reduction in their genotypic diversity, an increase in their susceptibility to infection by epiphytes, and a decrease in their quality. Thus, it is important to establish indoor cultures of G. chilensis from thalli with a mixed reproductive regime (sexual and asexual) that maintains the genetic variability of the cultivars. In this study, the biomass, growth rate, and productivity of indoor cultures of G. chilensis were evaluated (as a first approach) using various culture media (i.e., von Stosch medium (VS), Basfoliar® Aktiv (BF), and mixtures of VS and BF, namely, VS/BF-A and VS/BF-B). The VS/BF-A medium showed the best results in terms of biomass (51.8 ± 3.7 g m–2), growth rate (4.55 ± 0.43 %d–1), and productivity (14 g m–2 d–1), including the occurrence of thalli with cystocarps. The positive results using the VS/BF-A medium could be attributed to the fact that BF provides different elements (K, Cu, Mo, and Zn) that are crucial, since they are involved in numerous physiological functions in the algae, and also to the N:P ratio utilized (1:1), which positively affects growth and productivity. This information provides pivotal updated knowledge regarding cultures of G. chilensis under controlled conditions, promoting its successful cultivation for productive purposes.
La pesquería con arpón de peces picudos (Xiphiidae e Istiophoridae) en El Ñuro, Perú: Bases de una pesquería olvidada
Authors: Pazos-Niño de Guzmán Andrea , Alfaro-Córdova Eliana , Alfaro-Shigueto Joanna , Mires-Rojas Jannyna , C. Mangel Jeffrey C.
Published: April 2022

La pesca con arpón es un método ancestral de alta selectividad, desplazado en los últimos años por aparejos mecanizados que han logrado maximizar las capturas. A pesar de ello, en algunas partes del mundo, se sigue empleando esta práctica para la captura de grandes pelágicos como los peces picudos. Los reportes de la pesquería con arpón son cada vez más escasos y en el Perú, el último registro de desembarques de picudos capturados con arpón se remonta al año 1999. El objetivo de este estudio fue proveer información de base sobre esta pesquería en la caleta El Ñuro, a partir de muestreos mensuales de desembarques durante el 2019. Cuatro de las cinco especies reportadas para el Perú fueron registradas: Xiphias gladius, Kajikia audax, Makaira nigricans e Istiompax indica. De estas, el pez espada (X. gladius) compuso el 95% de los desembarques en términos de abundancia. Durante la temporada fría (mayo-noviembre) se reportaron los mayores desembarques, con picos en la captura efectiva por unidad de esfuerzo entre julio y agosto (>0,15 ind.hfp-1). Al menos el 96% de los individuos de X. gladius desembarcados fueron considerados adultos. Se concluye que la pesquería con arpón en El Ñuro tuvo una marcada temporada de pesca durante el invierno 2019, estuvo compuesta sobre todo por X. gladius y presentó gran selectividad en función a las tallas capturadas. Se precisa de estudios complementarios más detallados en el Norte del Perú con la finalidad de evaluar las opciones más adecuadas que aseguren su sostenibilidad en el tiempo.
Evaluation of visible implants elastomer tags in juveniles of red octopus Octopus maya
Authors: Rojas-González R. Isaac , Bada-Sánchez Esteban , Lara-Mendoza Raúl E. , López-Pérez Rosalinda , Arzabala-Molina José L.
Published: April 2022

In this work, the effects of visible implant elastomer (VIE) tags on survival and body growth rate on juvenile red octopus Octopus maya from the Yucatan Peninsula were tested under controlled conditions. Juveniles with an average weight of 1.14 g were not affected by VIE within 30 days, so this methodology is suggested as a useful tool to study the life cycle aspects of this important fishery species.
Ecohumanistics as a kind of scientific knowledge and methodology for understanding the specifics of the relationship “human — technical and-technological world”
Authors:   South Ural State University (National Research University), Solomko Dmitry
Published: April 2022

Introduction. A human and the world are an organically connected part and whole, they are always a single World, and therefore they can only evolve together, in one direction. The human world consists of many interconnected and interdepend- ent parts. If any one of the parts (for example, technology) begins to dominate and claim the sta- tus of the whole, then the problem of violating the optimal ratio in the coexistence and co-evolutionary development of each of the parts, and hence the whole itself, becomes aggravated. Hence, the eco-humanistic problem arises. The purpose of the work is to present the content and substantiate the theoretical and practical significance of eco-humanism as a new humanitar- ian knowledge and methodology for understanding the specifics of the relationship “man — technical and-technological world”. Methods. The author uses the methods of dia- lectics, systemic and synergetic approaches, the project (projective) method, which is implemented in the design and development of a new philo- sophical and scientific discipline of eco-humanism, and ideas of co-evolution. Scientific novelty of the research. The author determines basic foundations of eco-humanism as a new type of humanitarian knowledge; formulates and meaningfully substan- tiates the main principles of eco-humanism as a methodological setting for the ecologization of a person and the world: optimality, coordination and dominance of the whole (integrity) in relation to its parts. Results. Eco-humanistics is defined as a new type of knowledge about a person and a specific setting of his thinking and practical activities, focused on finding ways and means to achieve op- timality in relation to various aspects (for example, technical and anthropological) in a person’s being to ensure the possibility of their fruitful existence, to preserve and reproduce a person (as a unique integrity) and his world (as a universal integrity), in their interconnected and interdependent unity. Conclusions. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the theoretical development of eco-humanistics will make it possible to study and analyze the phenomena of modern culture in a more multifaceted way, to get a more accurate interpretation of the ways of human existence and eco-cultural practices that provide the effect of the state of the “ecosystem” in situations of any intense socio-cultural transformations.
Iranian monarchic emigration as a critic of the political regime of the Islamic republic of Iran
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Kyrchanoff Maksym
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The author analyzes the features of the ideological confrontation and conflict between Iranian emigrant communities and the political elites of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The position of Iranian emigration is analyzed in the context of the activity of the Pahlavi dynasty representatives. The purpose of the article is to analyze the ideo- logical confrontation between the two projects of Iranian political identities in contexts of criticism of the clerical regime of Iran by representatives of the Iranian political emigration of Pahlavi dynasty. Methods. Methodologically, the article is based on the principles of analyzing intellectual communities with the elements of the universal method of his- toricism and a comparative approach, which make it possible to identify and systematize the main features of the process of ideological confrontation between the Iranian elites and their critics from the Iranian political monarchist emigration. Scientific novelty of the study. On the one hand, the article analyzes the ideological confrontation between the clerical political regime of Iran and its critics from the communities of monarchical emi- gration as a state of remote or delayed conflict. On the other hand, the author analyzes this ideological controversy as a conflict not between society and power, but between two versions of political power: if the Iranian regime controls the political discourse in the country in fact, then its monarchist oppo- nents in exile attribute to it symbolic legitimacy and continuity with the tradition of Iranian statehood. Results. The main directions and features of criticism of the regime of the Islamic Republic of Iran by Iranian political emigrants of a monarchist orientation are analyzed; features of political ideol- ogy are shown; the forecast of the development of the political activity of the Iranian emigration is presented. Conclusions. The author believes that 1) the mo- narchical Iranian emigration is one of the centers of attraction for emigrants from Iran in Western Europe and North America; 2) the ideologists and theorists of the monarchical emigration are consist- ent critics of the political regime established in Iran in 1979; 3) criticism of the clerical, anti-secular and undemocratic regime of Tehran, its accusations of violating human rights and freedoms in in the cen- tre of the political doctrine of the Iranian emigra- tion; 4) the political ideal of emigration is a secular and democratic Iran, where rights and freedoms are respected, and religious minorities have equal rights with the Shiite Iranian majority.
Methodological foundations for applying the hermeneutic approach when teaching the humanities. Part 2. Technique for understanding a visual text as exemplified by analyzing a work of fine art (R. Magritte “Song of Love”)
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Bogdanova Veronika
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the application of the hermeneutic approach in philosophy classes. The author proposes a technique for understand- ing a visual text, which allows one to move from the figurative perception of a work of art to the conceptual and structural level. In her study, the author describes the experience of using this technique while interpreting R. Magritte’s painting “Song of Love”. As a result of analyzing the group and individual work of students, the author comes to the conclusion that the technique does not only contribute to the discovery of the subjective mean- ing of a work of art, but is effective for the process of self-knowledge.
THE METAVERSE AND THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION: THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECT
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Святослав Петрович Федоренко ,   Ростовский юридический институт МВД России, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: April 2022

The article discusses the theoretical problems of the realization of the right to education in the context of the use of digital technologies. The modern legislation is evaluated from the perspective of the possibilities of implementing educational programs using high-tech platforms. The analysis of what impact such a new digital phenomenon of modern society as the metaverse can have on the international community and the population of the Russian Federation in the context of the realization of the right to education is carried out. It is indicated that the technologies used to create it have huge opportunities in the field of realization of the right to education, but also entail numerous risks. The possibilities of improving the legal regulation of the educational process, especially in the format of distance learning, which has received increased relevance due to the spread of coronavirus infection, are being investigated. The article assesses the features of the legal regulation of the educational process using innovative technologies, including the resources of the metaverse and the risks associated with the impact of this process on the academic environment.
DEPARTURE OF EMPEROR NICHOLAS II FROM PETROGRAD ON FEBRUARY 22, 1917 AS A FACTOR OF THE MONARCHY BREAKDOWN
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Андрей Геннадьевич Данилов
Published: April 2022

In the article, the author looks into answers to three questions. Why did the emperor leave for Headquarters on February 22, 1917, although crisis did develop in Petrograd? What mistakes did the tsar make during his stay in Mogilev on February 23 - 28, 1917? Could the emperor preserve the monarchy, staying in TsarskoeSelo during the days of the February Revolution? Analysis of these plots makes it possible to more accurately understand whether the authorities did everything at critical moments in their history? What is the degree of the individualinfluence (for example, the head of state) on the historical process?
STRENGTHENING TRUST IN THE AUTHORITIES AS A FACTOR IN IMPROVING THE IMAGE OF THE REGION: THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF ADYGEA
Authors:   Адыгейский государственный университет, Майкоп, Россия, Зуриет Анзауровна Жаде
Published: April 2022

The article examines the relationship between the level of trust of citizens in the regional government and the image of the region. The object of the study is the Republic of Adygea. The analysis is based on the results of a sociological study conducted in September – October 2021 in Adygea. It is emphasized that the trust of the authorities is an important component of social consolidation and the basis for the stability of regional society, it harmonizes the relations of society and institutions of power, forms the stability of power in the long term, determines its legitimacy, the nature of development and the direction of social integration. The thesis is argued that a positive image of the region is an effective resource for increasing trust. The conclusion is made about the need to apply an interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of the relationship between the phenomena «image of the region» and «trust of the authorities».
THE PROBLEM OF ETHNO-CULTURAL INEQUALITIES THROUGH THE EYES OF DAGESTAN YOUTH: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Региональный центр этнополитических исследований Дагестанского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук, Махачкала, Россия, Юсуп Джабраилович Джабраилов
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the perception of citizens of social inequality of ethnic and confessional groups and the impact of social differentiation of ethno-confessional groups on the integration of russian society. It presents a comparative sociological analysis of the state of ethno-religious rights of citizens in the minds of young people on the territory of the Republic of Dagestan and beyond. The author highlights the key problems of ethno-religious inequalities for Dagestan youth. The methodological basis of the study consists of the results of the author's sociological research conducted by the method of a continuous questionnaire survey. The paper also uses the methodology of discourse analysis of speeches and statements by political, public and religious figures, content analysis of the media.
SOCIAL RISKS OF MODERN DIGITAL REALITY
Authors:   Сибирский юридический институт МВД России, Красноярск, Россия, Наталья Владимировна Маслодудова
Published: April 2022

On the basis of analysis of the features of modern digital reality justified social risks associated with changes in the essence of the person. The transition from the sphere of direct contact communication to virtual impersonal reality leads to significant changes in the characteristics of Homo sapiens. These changes themselves are causing new social risks both for the individual and for humanity as a whole.
STAKEHOLDERS AS SUBJECTS OF SOCIAL ENGINEERING IMPACT ON MIGRANT PRACTICES IN IMPLEMENTING MIGRATION POLICY
Authors:   Уральский государственный экономический университет, Екатеринбург, Россия, Елена Васильевна Чумак
Published: April 2022

The article proposes to consider the migration process in its social environment, and based on this, a stakeholder approach is used in the implementation of state migration policy. Stakeholders are viewed as subjects of socio-engineering influence. The structure of the stakeholders of the migration process is given: 4 groups of stakeholders of the migration process are identified, the goals and objectives of socio-engineering impact on these processes are formulated. The set of migrants' resources (natural, institutional, personal), influencing their activity potential in the process of adaptation to the conditions of the receiving party, has been determined.
COMPETENCY REQUIREMENTS FOR SUPRANATIONAL ORGANIZATION EMPLOYEES: THE ICEBERG MODEL IMPLEMENTATION
Authors:   Хэнаньский университет экономики и права, Чжэнчжоу, Китай, Чэньси Ван
Published: April 2022

This article adopts a comparative text analysis method, uses the iceberg model to analyse, encode and compare the differences in competency requirements of different levels in the United Nations. This articles selects two levels (entry-level and senior-level) of United Nations professional employees as the research objects to explore the competency requirements of major positions in supranational organizations. This article finds that the lower the level of positions, the higher the requirements for competency in the above-water dimensions of knowledge, skills, and motivation; meanwhile, the higher the level of positions, the higher the requirements for competency in the three underwater dimensions of social role, selfconcept, and personality traits. Moreover, the characteristics of competency requirements iceberg model corresponds to the 3 core values and 8 Core competencies and 6 management competencies as proposed in the Future Competence by the United Nations, and the iceberg model of supranational organization competency requirements proposed in this article can be used as a supplement to the Future Competence.
RATIONALIZATION OF YOUTH'S CHOICE OF EMPLOYMENT STRATEGIES IN A CHANGING SOCIETY
Authors:   Южно-Российский государственный политехнический университет (НПИ) имени М. И. Платова, Новочеркасск, Россия, Геннадий Евгеньевич Косач
Published: April 2022

This article examines the rationalization of employment strategies by young people, as a phenomenon that has existed in Western culture for many years, but has spread in the Russian Federation only in the last decade, and significantly increased in 2020 due to the novel coronavirus infection pandemic. The author describes the rational approach of young people in the context of structural changes in Russian society, which indicate the fact that social changes of the last two years are institutional and are firmly consolidated in modern reality. The study of the described phenomenon allows not only a deeper understanding of the processes occurring in society and the economy, but also allows the authorities and management to form practical methods of managing influence both on the labor market in general and on youth employment strategies and training strategies, in particular. The author's concept is that youth, as a vast social group that is the future of our civilization, in the digital age with accessible information and education, is right now laying a new foundation for a society based on rationalism and a rational approach.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the performance of the stock exchange market: Evidence from the Bahrain Stock Exchange indexes
Authors: Oudat Mohammad Salem
Published: April 2022

Numerous studies confirmed that COVID-19 still has a negative impact on financial market performance worldwide, which inversely affected investors’ perceptions and decisions by creating uncertainty and a risky investment environment (Bagão, Dias, Heliodoro, & Alexandre, 2020). Therefore, the current study tries to assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on Bahrain Stock Exchange indexes during the pandemic peak period in 2021. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Bahrain Stock Exchange is analysed using the autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) approach. Daily observations from January 1, 2021, to September 30, 2021, in Bahrain, encompassing the pandemic peak period. COVID-19 pandemic used to represent independent variables by new daily cases (positive), death cases and recovered patient cases. Meanwhile, the study utilized the Bahrain Stock Exchange for the dependent variables, including both Bahrain all-share index (BASI) and the Bahrain Islamic index (BII). The findings showed a negative and negligible association between BASI, BII, and COVID-19. The study found that both indexes and daily retrieved cases exhibit a favorable correlation during the research period. Additionally, the analysis concluded that both indexes are roughly moving in the same way in reaction to the present epidemic
Omphalolith: An Underdiagnosed Entity?
Authors: Jouini Wafa , Litaiem Noureddine , Zaimi Yosra , mouelhi leila , Debbeche Radhouane , Zeglaoui Faten
Published: April 2022

Omphalolith is a rare and underdiagnosed entity due to the accumulation
of sebum and keratin in the umbilicus. It usually occurs in the elderly
with deep and narrow umbilicus. Early recognition of omphalolith is
important to prevent complications, unnecessary investigations and
anxiety. We report herein two new cases of omphalolith.
Sodium taurocholate cotransporter polypeptide deficiency with α-Thalassemia and Coffin-Siris syndrome
Authors: Li Jiwei , Wang Meifen , Wang Mingying , Li Juan , Shao Qi , Lu Zhiying , Xu Suqi , Peng Junchao , Chen Rui
Published: April 2022

NTCPD, α-Thalassemia and CSS are three hereditary diseases associated
with autosome. Especially, NTCPD and CSS are rarely reported in
children. However, the co-occurrence of the three hereditary diseases
occurred in a child, and presented complex and diverse genotypes and
phenotypes, which has never been described.
Corporate Internal Governance, Social Attention, Corporate Social Responsibility and Audit Independence in China-- the Perspective of Audit Clients
Authors: Yang Xiaojuan , Xie Qinghua
Published: April 2022

Independence is fundamental to the reliability of auditors’ reports.
Third parties believe that there is no need for external auditors
without independence. Audit failures of well-known and listed companies
frequently occur in China. It has essential research value to abstract
the factors of the audited supplier and discuss factors that affect the
independence of the audit from the perspective of the audit purchaser.
This article takes the case of Kangmei Pharmaceutical’s audit failure in
2019 and uses the A-share listed companies’ data on the Shenzhen Stock
Exchange from 2010 to 2018 to construct an audit independence model to
test the purchaser factors that affect audit independence empirically.
The study finds that under other conditions unchanged, the degree of
Social Attention and the performance of Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR) significantly affect the independence of auditing. The level of
Corporate Internal Governance has no noticeable impact on Audit
Independence. However, the level of Corporate Internal Governance and
Social Attention plays a significant intermediary effect in the path of
Corporate Social Responsibility affecting audit independence. This
article introduces legal risk as an external shock to further study the
role of intermediary effects. Further research finds that when a company
has legal risks, it will negatively obscure the relationship between
corporate social responsibility and audit independence by wearing the
cloak of social responsibility to achieve self-interested goals. The
research results show that auditing the buyer’s attributes is one of the
critical factors affecting the independence of external audits. In order
to protect the legitimate interests of enterprises and external audit
institutions, regulatory authorities can improve Audit Independence by
strengthening the guidance of the internal construction of enterprises,
encouraging traditional evaluation agencies to rate enterprises
regularly, and rationally guiding enterprises to perform social
responsibilities.
Multiple keratoacanthomas of Ferguson-Smith type
Authors: Litaiem Noureddine , Khammouma Ferdaous , Mrad Malek , Bacha Takwa , kacem Linda Belhadj , Zeglaoui Faten
Published: April 2022

We report a case of a 41-year-old male patient with no family history,
presented with extensive multiple keratoacanthomas with disfiguring
scars. The diagnosis of a sporadic form of Ferguson-Smith syndrome was
made. Treatment with acitretin showed a marked response. Recognizing
this syndrome is crucial, early treatment helps avoid scar format
Mark's Language of Religious Conflict as Rhetorical Device
Authors: PERKINS LARRY
Published: April 2022

In Mark's Gospel Jesus warns his opponents against committing blasphemy in their evaluation of his ministry (3:28–29). Conversely, Jesus' opponents accuse him of blasphemy at his trial (14:64). Such language tends to characterize intra-Judaic religious controversy in the first century. Mark, the implied author of the second Gospel, uses the language of religious conflict rhetorically in his narrative to persuade his implied reader to accept the authority of Jesus' message as expressed in his story and to reject the counterclaims of Jesus' opponents.
Spatial Distance and Risk Category Effects in Enterprise Risk Management Practice
Authors: Fehrenbacher Dennis , Sutton Steve G. , Weisner Martin M.
Published: April 2022

Research suggests corporate board members would like to receive more information about how risk probabilities are estimated. We examine how spatial distance from a risk assessment target and risk category (operational versus non-operational risk factors) affects decision-makers' assessment of the probability that a given risk will materialize. Results from an experiment involving 141 risk managers provide some support for spatial distance effects. Importantly, we find the difference in decision-makers' probability assessments between operational and non-operational risk factors is greater when assessing a proximate rather than a remote target. We contribute to the accounting literature by demonstrating how spatial distance affects probability judgments. This is important as probability judgments are not only prevalent in managerial decision-making contexts but also in audit, tax, and other settings where decision-targets may be spatially removed from the decision-maker.
Safety of Empagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: Pooled Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Tuttle Katherine R. , Levin Adeera , Nangaku Masaomi , Kadowaki Takashi , Agarwal Rajiv , Hauske Sibylle J. , Elsäßer Amelie , Ritter Ivana , Steubl Dominik , Wanner Christoph , Wheeler David C.
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE

To assess the safety of empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate to severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) (category G3–4) enrolled in clinical trials.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This analysis pooled data from 19 randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 1–4 clinical trials and 1 randomized, placebo-controlled extension study in which patients received empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg daily. Time to first occurrence of adverse events (AEs) was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariable Cox regression models.

RESULTS

Among a total of 15,081 patients who received at least one study drug dose, 1,522, 722, and 123 were classified as having G3A, G3B, and G4 CKD, respectively, at baseline. Demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between treatment groups across CKD categories. Rates of serious AEs, AEs leading to discontinuation, and events of special interest (including lower limb amputations and acute renal failure [ARF]) were also similar between empagliflozin and placebo across CKD subgroups. In adjusted Cox regression analyses, risks for volume depletion and ARF were similar for empagliflozin and placebo in the combined group with CKD categories G3B and G4 and the G3A group. Notably lower risks were observed in both groups for hyperkalemia (hazard ratio 0.59 [95% CI 0.37–0.96, P = 0.0323] and 0.48 [0.26–0.91, P = 0.0243], respectively) and edema (0.47 [0.33–0.68, P < 0.0001] and 0.44 [0.28–0.68, P = 0.0002], respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Use of empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and advanced CKD raised no new safety concerns and may have beneficial effects on the development of hyperkalemia and edema.
Endogenous Lipid-GPR120 Signaling Modulates Pancreatic Islet Homeostasis to Different Extents
Authors: Du Ya-Qin , Sha Xue-Ying , Cheng Jie , Wang Jin , Lin Jing-Yu , An Wen-Tao , Pan Wei , Zhang Li-Jun , Tao Xiao-Na , Xu YunFei , Jia Ying-Li , Yang Zhao , Xiao Peng , Liu Ming , Sun Jin-Peng , Yu Xiao
Published: April 2022

Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) not only are energy sources but also serve as signaling molecules. GPR120, an LCFA receptor, plays key roles in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. However, whether endogenous ligand-GPR120 circuits exist and how such circuits function in pancreatic islets are unclear. Here, we found that endogenous GPR120 activity in pancreatic δ cells modulated islet functions. At least two unsaturated LCFAs, oleic acid (OA) and linoleic acid (LA), were identified as GPR120 agonists within pancreatic islets. These two LCFAs promoted insulin secretion by inhibiting somatostatin secretion, and showed bias activation of GPR120 in a model system. Compared to OA, LA exerted higher potency in promoting insulin secretion, which is dependent on β-arrestin2 function. Moreover, GPR120 signaling was impaired in the diabetic db/db model, and replenishing OA and LA improved islet function in both the db/db- and STZ-treated diabetic models. Consistently, the administration of LA improved glucose metabolism in db/db mice. Collectively, our results reveal that endogenous LCFA-GPR120 circuits exist and modulate homeostasis in pancreatic islets. The contributions of phenotype differences caused by different LCFA-GPR120 circuits within islets highlight the roles of fine-tuned ligand–receptor signaling networks in maintaining islet homeostasis.
LncRNA-H19 in Fibroblasts Promotes Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Yu Pijun , Guo Jian , Li Junjie , Shi Xiao , Xu Ning , Jiang Yongkang , Chen Wei , Hu Qin
Published: April 2022

Cutaneous wound healing in diabetes is impaired and would develop into nonhealing ulcerations. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the wound-healing process remains largely obscure. Here, we found that cutaneous PDGFRa+ fibroblast-expressing lncRNA-H19 (lncH19) accelerates the wound-healing process via promoting dermal fibroblast proliferation and macrophage infiltration in injured skin. PDGFRa+ cell-derived lncH19, which is lower in contents in the wound-healing cutaneous tissue of patients and mice with type 2 diabetes, is required for wound healing through promoting proliferative capacity of dermis fibroblasts as well as macrophage recruitments. Mechanistically, lncH19 reliefs the cell cycle arrest of fibroblasts and increases macrophage infiltration in injured tissues via inhibiting p53 activity and GDF15 releasement. Furthermore, exosomes derived from adipocyte progenitor cells efficiently restore the impaired diabetic wound healing via delivering lncH19 to injured tissue. Therefore, our study reveals a new role for lncRNA in regulating cutaneous tissue repair and provides a novel promising insight for developing clinical treatment of diabetes. 