bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF LOCAL SOLU-MEDROL IN POSTOPERATIVE PAIN RELIEF AFTER LUMBAR DISC SURGERY
Authors:   Vo Ky Pham, Cong Thanh Truong, Van Nga Duong,  Thanh Hien Nguyen, Vu Thanh Huy Nguyen
Published: March 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate analgesic effect of local Solu-Medrol in following lumbar disc surgery. Methods: A prospective, randomized case-control study included 49 patients, divided into 2 groups (24: control group, 25: steroid group). After discectomy, a piece of gelfoam soaked with 40 mg Solu-Medrol was left on the affected root in the steroid group. In the control group, saline soaked gelfoam was applied to the nerve root. T test to compare VAS between the two groups. Results: 24 patients (15 males, 9 females) average age of 30.2 in the control group, 25 patients (18 males, 7 females) average aged 29.8 in the steroid group. Average follow-up time 14.5 months for the control group, 14.2 months for the steroid group. Statistically significant back pain and leg pain relief (p<0.01) was observed at 1 week, 2 weeks and 1 month, but it became insignificant after 3 months. Without any complications could be related to the steroid. Conclusions: Local Solu-Medrol 40 mg is a safe and effective method in reducing back pain and radicular leg pain in early postoperative period. Key words: Local Solu-Medrol; Lumbar disc surgery.
STUDY ON ENDOSCOPIC FEATURES OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL MUCOSA IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS
Authors: Tran Van Huy , Ho Anh Hien
Published: March 2020

Background: 1. To evaluate endoscopic images of gastroesophageal mucosa in patients with cirrhosis. 2. To evaluate the relationship between endoscopic images of the gastroesophageal and some clinical, subclinical features. Subjects and Methods: A cross- sectional descriptive study. From May 2010 to April 2011, the study sample includes 88 cirrhotic patients hospitalized at Hue Central Hospital and at Hue University Hospital. Results 1. 95.5% of patients with cirrhosis have esophageal varices. The presence of red color signs on esophageal varices accounts for 48.8% of the cases. The esophageal varices with bleeding accounts for 39.3%. The most common images of gastric mucosa in patients with cirrhosis observed was gastritis (58.0%), mucosal mosiac-like pattern (52.3%) and the lesser common signs seen were gastric ulcer (19.3%) and fundal varices (12.5%). 2. Among the esophageal varices cases at grade 3, 58.3% patients had moderate and large ascites. Among the esophageal variceal bleeding cases at grade 3, the rate of esophageal variceal bleeding is 84.9%, and among the grade 2 cases, the rate is 15.1%. The prevalence of platelet counts <100 Kμ / L in patients with varicose veins in the esophagus accounts for 75% among the grade 3. Among the grade 3 cases, The prevalence of major spleen with width>13 cm accounted for 66.7%. The rate of bleeding from esophageal varices in patients with red color signs is 84.9%. Conclusion: 1. The common endoscopic images of gastroesophageal mucosa in patients with cirrhosis is esophageal varices, gastritis and mucosal mosiac-like pattern. 2. Esophageal varices is related with ascites, bleeding, low platelet count and spleen diameter >13cm. Bleeding from esophageal varices is related with red color signs and is not related to mucosal mosaic-like pattern. Key words: esophageal varices, gastric endoscopy, cirrhosis
ACCESSMENT OF RIGHT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC FUNCTION USING TAPSE
Authors: Nguyen Lien Nhut , Nguyen Anh Vu
Published: March 2020

Background: The prognostic importance of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction has been suggested in patients with systolic heart failure (due to primary or secondary dilated cardiomyopathy - DCM). Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is a simple, feasible, reality, non-invasive measurement by transthoracic echocardiography for evaluating RV systolic function. Objectives: To evaluate TAPSE in patients with primary or secondary DCM who have left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40% and to find the relation between TAPSE and LVEF, LVDd, RVDd, RVDd/LVDd, RA size, severity of TR and PAPs. Materials and Methods: 61 patients (36 males, 59%) mean age 58.6 ± 14.4 years old with clinical signs and symtomps of chronic heart failure which caused by primary or secondary DCM and LVEF ≤ 40% and 30 healthy subject (15 males, 50%) mean age 57.1 ± 16.8 were included in this study. All patients and controls were underwent echocardiographic examination by M-mode, two dimentional, convensional Dopler and TAPSE. Results: TAPSE is significant low in patients compare with the controls (13.93±2.78 mm vs 23.57± 1.60mm, p<0.001). TAPSE is linearly positive correlate with echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction (r= 0,43; p<0,001) and linearly negative correlate with RVDd (r= -0.39; p<0.01), RVDd/LVDd (r=-0.33; p<0.01), RA size (r=-0.35; p<0.01), TR (r=-0.26; p<0.05); however, no correlation was found with LVDd and PAPs. Conclusions: 1. Decreased RV systolic function as estimated by TAPSE in patients with systolic heart failure primary and secondary DCM) compare with controls. 2. TAPSE is linearly positive correlate with LVEF (r= 0.43; p<0.001) and linearly negative correlate with RVDd (r= -0.39; p<0.01), RVDd/LVDd (r=-0.33; p<0.01), RA size (r=-0.35; p<0.01), TR (r=-0.26; p<0.05); however, no correlation is found with LVDd and PAPs. 3. TAPSE should be used routinely as a simple, feasible, reality method of estimating RV function in the patients systolic heart failure DCM (primary and secondary).
STUDY ON THE HEART DYSRHYTHM BY 24 HOURS ECG HOLTER IN PATIENTS WITH MITRAL STENOSIS
Authors: Nguyen Tan Thinh , Le Thi Bich Thuan
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Mitral stenosis is a common disease accounting for 40.3% of population of cardiovascular disease. Cardiac arrhythmia is a common complication of this disease. ECG is an important mean of diagnosing cardiac arrhythmia, especially ECG Holter. The advantage of ECG Holter had provided us with accurate parameters at various moments, both day and night, under exercise and at rest. Therefore, we conduct this research with 2 following objectives: 1. Determine the rate of cardiac arrhythmias and their classification in mitral valve disease throughout ECG Holter. 2. Find out the correlation between cardiac arrhythmia and mitral stenosis severity. Materials and methods: 45 patients (the youngest was 22, the oldest was 73 and average age: 43.84 ± 12.97) were diagnosed with affirmation mitral stenosis based on clinical features, X-ray, and echocardiography. ECG Holter then was recorded and analyzed in the terms of the rate and classification of cardiac arrhythmias. The results showed that: cardiac arrhythmias accounted for 53.33%, in which ventricular premature beats: 88.89%, atrial premature beats: 4.44%, sinus bradycardia: 6.67%, sinus tachycardia: 46.67%, sinus arrest: 11.11%, atrial fibrillation: 55.56%, supraventricular arrhythmias: 2.22%. The more severe mitral stenosis is, the more often heart dysrhythms appear: mitral stenosis severity I, II, III has the rate of heart dysrhythm of 6.67%, 15.56%, 31.10%, respectively. There was an inverse correlation between the severity of mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation (r=-0.410, p<0.05); inverse correlation between the pulmonary artery pressure and degree of mitral stenosis (r=0,7361, p<0,05). There was a proportional correlation between the pulmonary hypertension and atrial fibrillation (r=0.43, p<0.05). Conclusion: ECG Holter is helpful in diagnosis, follow-up, prognosis of mitral stenosis. It is also valuable in detecting complications of mitral stenosis, aiding in treatment and improving patient’s quality of life.
UPDATES ON HBV GENOTYPES AND THEIR CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCES
Authors: Tran Xuan Chuong
Published: March 2020

Nowadays there are 10 genotypes of HBV were be detected. In the last years, some studies about molecular biology of HBV showed the important significances of HBV genotypes in natural history, prognosis and response to therapy of chronic hepatitis B. The results of studies concluded, HBV genotypes may be relate to acute or chronic progress of liver inflammation, fulminant hepatitis, recovery or chronicity ect. HBV genotypes could be relate to biochemical or hematological changes, for example: transaminases. Related to HBeAg seroconversion. For example, the rate of HBeAg seroconversion in genotypes C and D patients are lower than the rate in genotypes A and B patients. HBV genotypes have also influences to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. They may be the prognostic markers of response to antiviral therapy (interferon, lamivudine ect.) in patients with CHB.
RESEARCH THE VALUE OF THE COMBINATION OF T WAVE ALTERNANS AND NT-PROBNT IN PREDICTING SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH
Authors: Hoang Anh Tien , Nguyen Nhat Quang
Published: March 2020

Background: Decades of research now link TWA with inducible and spontaneous clinical ventricular arrhythmias. This bench-to-bedside foundation makes TWA, NT-ProBNP a very plausible index of susceptibility to ventricular arrythmia, and motivates the need to define optimal combination of TWA and NT-ProBNP in predicting ventricular arrythmia in myocardial infarction patients. We research this study with 2 targets: 1. To evaluate the role of TWA in predicting sudden cardiac death in myocardial infarction patients. 2. To evaluate the role of NT-ProBNP in predicting sudden cardiac death in myocardial infarction patients 3. Evaluate the role of the combined NT-ProBNP and TWA in predicting sudden cardiac death in myocardial infarction patients. Methods: Prospective study with follow up the mortality in 2 years: 71 chronic myocardial infarction patients admitted to hospital from 5/2009 to 5/20011 and 50 healthy person was done treadmill test to caculate TWA; ECG, echocardiography, NT-ProBNP. Results: Cut-off point of NT-ProBNP in predicting sudden cardiac death is 3168 pg/ml; AUC = 0,86 (95% CI: 0,72 - 0,91); Cut-off point of TWA in predicting sudden cardiac death is 107 µV; AUC = 0,81 (95% CI: 0,69 - 0,87); NT-ProBNP can predict sudden cardiac death with OR= 7,26 (p<0,01); TWA can predict sudden cardiac death with OR= 8,45 (p<0,01). The combined NT-ProBNP and TWA in predicting ventricular arrythmia in heart failure patients: OR= 17,91 (p<0,001). Conclusions: The combined NT-ProBNP and TWA have the best predict value of sudden cardiac death in myocardial infarction patients, compare to NT-ProBNP or TWA alone
ASSESSMENT OF EFFICACY OF LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY IN TUBAL-PERITONEAL INFERTILITY
Authors: Tran Manh Linh , Truong Quang Vinh , Nguyen Vu Quoc Huy , Cao Ngoc Thanh
Published: March 2020

Objective: To determine some causes and affecting factors of tubal-peritoneal infertility. To assess the efficacy of laparoscopy in treating tubal-peritoneal infertility. Methods: Prospective study in 126 patients with tubal-peritoneal infertility. Results: Main causes of tubal infertility: Infection: 42.7%, history of operation: 25.6%, endometriosis: 12.8% and other causes and undetermined causes: 18.9%. 79.5% patients have patent tubes through hysterosalpingography. The rate of false obstructed tube through hysterosalpingography was 7.1%. The rate of intrauterine pregnancy after laparoscopy was 21.4%. This rate was associated with the stage of tubal lesons and the highest rate was in the first stage (68.0%). Nobody can get pregnant with the tubal lesions in the third and fourth stage or severe adheson. Conclusion: Main causes of tubal infertility are infection, history of operation and endometriosis. The rate of intrauterine pregnancy and patent tubes in this study is equivalent to some national and international studies. This rate is associated with the stage of tubal le-sions and the degree of tubal adhesion.
DETECTING MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS RAPIDLY AND MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS STRAINS WITHOUT IS6110 SEQUENCE BY PCR ASSAY
Authors: Nguyen Thi Chau Anh , Nguyen Hoang Bach , Huynh Hai Duong , Le Nu Xuan Thanh , Le Xuan Cuong , Le Van Duc , Bao Thuyet , Ngo Viet Quynh Tram , Cappuccinelli Piero
Published: March 2020

Background: The Nested IS6110 PCR is used for detecting tuberculosis, however IS6110 sequence is not present in the genome of all strains of M.tuberculosis, the result may be false negative. The gene coding 16S ribosome always contains a short sequence specific to M. tuberculosis complex. Objects: Performance of the 16S Real-time PCR to detect M. tuberculosis and combining to the nested IS6110 PCR to determine the rate of Mtb strains without IS6110 from clinical samples. Materials and method: Performance of 16S rDNA PCR by commercial kit of Viet A Inc. for all 480 samples, the samples which were positive with the 16S rDNA PCR were retested in IS6110 PCR assay by in-house kit. Results: The Realtime 16S rDNA PCR detected 258 cases (53.8%) of tuberculosis. There were 3 (1.2 %) M. tuberculosis strains which do not harbor IS6110 sequence in genome. Conclusion: The IS6110 nested PCR can be applied more widely than the 16S rDNA realtime PCR. In case of using IS6110 PCR assay, results may show a low proportion of false negative. Combining 16S rDNA PCR with the IS6110 based PCR allowed detection of deletion of IS6110 sequence in M. tuberculosis isolates.
CANCER REGISTRY IN THUA THIEN HUE PERIOD 2001-2009
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Tung
Published: March 2020

The population-based cancer registry in the Thuathien Hue province was carry out by Hue Central Hospital.
Objectives: To be determination the cancer incidence in the community, to contribute to assessement the cancer burden in the whole country and analyse the epidemiology characters of some popular cancers in this area.
Method: The active registering procedure has been performed, the data were collected from 14 hospitals and disposed in the international classification for oncology (ICD-O3). The data was stored in the CANREG software version 4 and analysed in the EPI-INFO.
Result: It is estimate that 7,324 new cancer cases were registered in the period 2001-2009 including 55.54% in males and 44.46% in females. There is 53.71% of cancer incidence were diagnosed by pathology of primary tumor. The crude rate is 123.9, the age -standardised rate is 173.5 per 100,000 inhabitants in males and females is 95.3, 103.9 respectively. The cancer of liver, stomach, lung, oral cavity and lymphoma non Hodgkin are leading cancers in males, specially the liver cancer rate is highest (34.8). The leading cancer in females are breast, stomach, cervix, lung and liver with the breast cancer rate is highest (21.7).The cancer diseases has increased after 40 years old in the Thua Thien Hue inhabitants, males increased rapidly than females and both gender came to the top of the age-specific rate at 70-75 years old.
STUDYING OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION IN HUE CITY IN 2011
Authors: Doan Thi Minh Xuan , Tran Xuan Chuong
Published: March 2020

Children with mental retardation have low intelligence, slow thinking, low learning ability in comparison with the same age children.
Objectives:
1. To determine the prevalence of children with mental retardation in Hue City.
2. To study some characteristics of children with mental retardation.
Materials and methodes: All children with mental retardation in Hue city. Cross sectional study.
Results: The prevalence of children with mental retardation (CMR) among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. The highest prevalences ware in Phu Binh, Xuan Phu quarters (0.79 and 0.66%), lowest in Thuan Loc, Thuan Thanh quarters (0.03 and 0.06%). Children over 5 yrs old were 75.95%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities. More than 78% have late walking, 84% have late speaking.
Conclusions: The prevalence of children with mental retardation among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities.
URETHROPLASTY BY SNODGRASS METHOD WITH DARTOS MUSCULOCUTANEOUS FLAP
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Xuan , Pham Nhu Hiep , Ho Huu Thien , Pham Anh Vu , Phan Hai Thanh , et al
Published: March 2020

Objective: Evaluation of treatment results of hypospadias by Snodgrass method with dartos musculocutaneous flap.
Materials and methods: 22 patients were performed urethroplasty by Snodgrass method with dartos musculocutaneous flap.
Results: Age of patients: 6 months to 7 years of age, operative duration: 86 ± 15 minutes; Early complications: Fistula 2 cases.
Conclusions: Hypospadias repair by Snodgrass method with dartos musculocutaneous flap showed good results, safe. Complications are low.
REVIEW CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT OUTCOME OF PRIMARY ANGLE CLOSURE GLAUCOMA BY USED ND: YAG LASER PERIPHERAL IRIDOTOMY
Authors: Nguyen Huu Quoc Nguyen , Nguyen Nam Trung
Published: March 2020

Objectives: To review the clinical characteristics of primary angle closure glaucoma and the outcome of Nd: YAG laser peripheral iridoctom.
Materials and Methods: Prospective study of 46 eyes underwent iridotomy, evaluation of the intraocular pressure and the anterior chamber angle within 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months & 6 months after treatment.
Results: The majority of subjects were females 73.33%, over 60 years of age (80%), blurred vision and decrease visual acuity when the patient were hospitalized (43.48%), 19.65% eye pain, physical symptoms are mainly shallow anterior chamber or pupillary reflexes relaxing lazy. Embryonic glaucoma and chronic angle glaucoma distribution percentage 69.57%. Mean IOP after 2 weeks X = 18.17 ± 1.37 mmHg, 7.66 mmHg lower than before treatment. Anterior chamber angle width increased significantly after 2 weeks of treatment. And no significant changer after 1 month, 3 months & 6 months. There was a precise inverse relation between anterior chamber angle width before treatment with low levels of IOP after treatment, and there was a precise proportional relation between the low levels of IOP with the increase of chamber angle width after treatment.
Conclusion: Nd: YAG laser iridotomy is effective in widening the anterior chamber angle and lowering intraocular pressure in primary angle closure glaucoma.
SINGLE PORT LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY IN HUE CENTRAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Pham Xuan Dong , Pham Nhu Hiep , Ho Huu Thien , Pham Anh Vu , Nguyen Hai Thanh , Nguyen Thanh Xuan , et al
Published: March 2020

Purpose: Evaluating the initial results in applying single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Hue Central Hospital.
Patients and methods: 29 gallbladder polyps, gallstones with symptoms of acute or chronic cholecystitis and surgeried by single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Hue Central Hospital from March 2011 to December 2011.
Results: Male/female was 0.45/1. Age: 49.24 ± 16.43 (21-81), 40 to 60 years 54.6%. Cholecystitis: 75.9%, 17.3% gallbladder polyp, gallbladder adenomyomatosis 3.4%. Added 1 trocart because difficult dissection surgery 10.2%, bleeding 6.8% difficult to handle, added 2 trocart 3.4%. Bleeding intraoperative 10.3%. Operating time: 76.2 ± 33.5 minutes, hospital stay: 4 - 6 days 51.7%. Wound pain after 2 weeks of hospital discharge 6.9%, with no wound seromas and no wound infection.
Conclusions: Single port laparoscopic cholecystestomy is safe, has fewer complications, can be done with experienced surgeons laparoscopic surgery. Keywords: Single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy, gallbladder ston
Key words: Single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy, gallbladder stone
INITIAL RESULTS OF STUDY ON SILVER NANOPARTICLES CONCENTRATION APPLICATED IN HOSPITAL INFECTION
Authors: Tran Dinh Binh , Tran Thanh Loan
Published: March 2020

Objectives: For applications the ability to destroy bacteria of silver nanoparticles in against hospital infections and treating burn wound infections.Methods: This research conducted by method of dilute concentrations of silver nanoparticles solution in grades 2 and using 4 ATCC bacterial strains and 4 strains of bacteria causing hospital infections in Hue University Hospital. Results: The study determined the minimal bactericidal concentration of silver nanoparticles for the first hour P.aeruginosa was 50μg/ml, 25μg/ml after 2 hours and 12.5 μg/ml after 24 hours exposure. Silver nanoparticles solution that kill E. coli after 1 hour exposure at a concentration of 50μg/ml, after 2 hours exposure at a concentration of 25μg/ml, after 24 hours at concentrations of 6.25μg/ml. For S. aureus, the minimal bactericidal concentration of silver nanoparticles is 12.5μg/ml after 24 hours exposure, after 1 hour exposure was 50μg/ml, after 2 hours was 25μg/ml. For Enterococcus, the minimal bactericidal concentration of silver nanoparticles after 1 hour exposure was 50μg/ml, 25μg/ml and after 2 hours was 12.5μg /ml after 24 hours exposure. Conclusion: With minimal bactericidal concentration by time determined, we can apply the silver nanoparticles for disinfection in the operating room, sterilizing instruments... with reasonable prices, easy to apply. The maintain of the silver nanoparticles in disinfection of surface equipment, hospital facilities over time is continuing in further research.
STUDYING THE PARAMETERS THAT AFFECT THE EFFICIENCY OF THE STERILIZATION PROCESS VALIDATION
Authors: Truong Van Dat , Do Quang Duong , Huynh Van Hoa
Published: March 2020

Background: Sterility is required for sterile drug products so they must be sterilized by the sterilization process has been validated. Demonstrating the efficiency of the sterilization process can not only base on the results of sterility tests but also must calculate many other parameters. Calculating SAL will increase the assurance, the efficiency of the sterilization process and save execution time. Materials and methods: Studying the parameters that affect the efficiency of the sterilization process validation. Basing on survey results process validation at 13 pharmaceutical factories having chains of sterile drugs to identify the parameters that affect the result validation and compare with ISO standards, USP,… to find the calculation formula. Results: Identified the parameters that affect the efficiency of the sterilization process validation and fomular to calculate these parameters. Conclusion: D, F, Z, SLR, SAL values are the important parameters that are determined in the efficiency of the sterilization process validation. Keywords: D value, F value, Z value, Sterile drug, Sterilization, Biological indicator, process validation.
BIOAVAILABILITY ENHANCEMENT OF POORLY-WATER SOLUBLE DRUGS BY SOLID DISPERSION
Authors: Tran Truong Dinh Thao , Tran Ha Lien Phuong , Vo Van Toi
Published: March 2020

Solubilization of poorly-water soluble drugs is most interesting field in pharmaceutical industry. Currently, up to 40% of new drug candidates have been discovered are water-insoluble drugs. Hence, they have low absorption and bioavailability. Solid dispersion, a popular technique that is currently gaining much attention from pharmaceutical scientists known to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs. A number of key references that describe state-of-the-art technologies have been collected in this review, which addresses various pharmaceutical strategies for the solubilization of poorly water-soluble drugs using solid dispersion. Keywords: solid dispersion; poorly water-soluble drugs; dissolution.

Key words: Solid dispersion; poorly water-soluble drugs; dissolution
STUDIED THE CUTANEOUS FUNGAL DISEASE OF ATTENDING PATIENTS AT PARASITOLOGY LABORATORY, HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: Ton Nu Phuong Anh , Ngo Thi Minh Chau , Nguyen Thi Hoa , Nguyen Phuoc Vinh , Ha Thi Ngoc Thuy
Published: March 2020

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cutaneous fungal disease and the related factors of 415 attending patients at Parasitology Laboratory, Hue University Hospital. Materials and methods: A crossectional survey for describe on 415 patients of clinically suspected dermatomycose lesions at the Dermatology Clinic. The samples of skin, hair and nails were collected and were examined by KOH 20% solution to diagnose fungal disease. We interviewed patients to get some related factors. Results: 1. The prevalence of fungal disease was 51.81 and clinical types included: tinea corporis 33.02%, tinea cruris 29.30%, tinea pedis 6.05%, paronychia - onychomycosis 5.58%, tinea capitis 3.72%, tinea unguium 3.72%, tinea mannum and interdigital of fingers 3.72%, multiple clinical type 14.88%. 2. Factors associated with cutaneous fungal disease included: Age: age group from 16 to 25 had the highest prevalence fungal infection (73.95%); Gender: males were more infected (71.16%) than females (28.84%); Occupation: the prevalence cutaneous fungal disease of students (58.85%), farmers (62.50%), blue - collar workers (58.33%) and craftsmen (62.50%) were higher than other occupations; Habitat: living in rural and dormitory had the prevalence cutaneous fungal disease higher than private house in urban; Drug using for previous treat: treating with corticoides were more affected than antibiotics and other drugs, living facilities and personal characteristics: unavailable freshwater, physical activities, usual sweat. Conclusion: The prevalence of cutaneous fungal disease in patients of clinically suspected dermatomycose lesion was 51.81%. Tinea corporis is the commonest clinical type. Related factors of this disease were age, gender, occupation, habitat, previous treating by corticoides, unavailable freshwater, physical activities, usual sweat. Key words: Cutaneous fungal disease, clinical types, tinea.
Key words: Cutaneous fungal disease, clinical types, tinea
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY FEATURES OF ACUTE BRONCHIOLITIS IN CHILDREN AGED FROM 2 MONTHS TO 2 YEARS
Authors: Vo Cong Binh , Bui Binh Bao Son
Published: March 2020

Objectives and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study in 90 children aged from 2 months to 2 years old with acute bronchiolitis admitted to the Pediatric Departement, Hue Central Hospital from April 2010 to March 2011 was conducted to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features of RSV and non-RSV acute bronchiolitis, and to evaluate the correlation between RDAI (Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument) and the clinical and laboratory features. Results: The rate of RSV bronchiolitis was 23.33%. Most of patients were under 12 month of age. The most common symptoms were cough (100%), clear rhinorrhea (> 85%) and wheezing (> 78%). Fever was less common (< 70%). The most common signs were tachypnea (> 84%), wheezes (> 90%), retractions (> 78%), rhonchus (> 78%), reduced breath sound (> 61%). Coarse crackles were less common (< 35%). RDAI score correlated negatively with ages (r= -0.595; p <0.01); correlated positively with respiratory rate (r = 0.92; p < 0.01). Mean RDAI score in children with reduced breath sound was significantly higher than in ones with normal breath sound (9.22 ± 4.36 vs. 7.37 ± 4.15; p < 0.05). Mean RDAI score in children with hyperinflation on CXR was significantly higher than in ones with no hyperinflation on CXR (10.29 ± 3.97 vs. 6.66 ± 3.91; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Differentiation between RSV bronchiolitis and non-RSV bronchiolitis is not necessary and not useful. The severity of acute bronchiolitis can be assessed by age, respiratory rate, breath sound, and sign of hyperinflation on CXR. Keywords: acute bronchiolitis, RDAI, children.
Key words: Acute bronchiolitis, RDAI, children
STUDY ON SOME CLINICAL, BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOME OF BACTERIAL MENINGITIS DUE TO STREPTOCOCCUS SUIS AT HUE CENTRAL HOSPITAL 2011-2012
Authors: Tran Xuan Chuong , Doan Quoc Dat , Phan Trung Tien
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Bacterial meningitis is a very severe infectious disease in Vietnam. Studies about bacterial meningitis in our country in the last 10 years show that the most isolated causing bacteria is Streptococcus suis. Materials and methods: Prospective study. All the patients over 15 years old with diagnosis bacterial meningitis due to S. suis treated in Hue Central Hospital from May, 2011 to April, 2012 were recruited in this study. Results: 40 patients were enrolled in this study (male: 82.5%, female: 17.5%). Mean age 46.5 ± 17.72. 45% of patients had contact to pig or used pigs products. Related diseases: ENT diseases (25%), cranial trauma (5%), diabetes (7.5%), ect. The majority of patients have headache (97.5%), vomiting (85%), Kernig’s sign (72.5%), Brudzinsky’s sign (52.5%). 45% of patients have CRP 100 - 200 mg/L. 55% of patients have over 1000 cells/mm3 CSF, 47.5% of patients have CSF protein 3.0 ­– 5.0 g/L. In the result: 100% patients recovered, 40% had complications. Deefness was the most founded complication (37.5%). Conclusions: 45% of patients had contact to pig or used pigs products. The majority of patients have headache (97.5%), vomiting (85%), Kernig’s sign (72.5%), Brudzinsky’s sign (52.5%). Deefness was the most founded complication (37.5%).
Key words: Meningitis, Streptococcus suis
THE EFFICIENCY OF LAL METHOD VALIDATION AND APPLYING FOR ENDOTOXIN TESTING
Authors: Truong Van Dat , Do Quang Duong , Huynh Van Hoa
Published: March 2020

Background: Sterile drug is required not contain pyrogen, so we must the method for endotoxin testing. Nowadays, LAL is a modern method for endotoxin testing, this method carries quick and accurate result. Materials and methods: This article has studied some methods to evaluate the efficiency of LAL testing as well as defined these factors that affect to the testing result. Results: This article has identified 3 methods of LAL testing and 5 groups of factors that affect testing results. Conclusion: There are many sources of LAL, many different providers and the reaction of LAL – endotoxin may be affected by other factors that yield misleading results. So, we need to validate the efficiency of LAL testing to ensure drug quality. Keywords: Endotoxin, LAL testing, sterile drug
Key words: Endotoxin, LAL testing, sterile drug
Gebelikte Tromboemboli ve Antikoagülan Kullanımında Ebelik Yaklaşımı
Authors: SERİN Ünzüle , AYDIN ATEŞ Nuran , AYAR KOCATÜRK Asiye
Published: March 2020

Gebelikte koagülasyon faktörlerinin artmasıyla birlikte doğal antikoagülanlar
ve fibrinolitik aktivite de azalma olmaktadır. Ayrıca büyüyen uterus nedeniyle
venöz dönüşün artması, artmış östrojen ve progesteron nedeniyle oluşan venöz
atoni ve mobilizasyonun azalması tromboz eğilimi arttırmaktadır. Gebe bir
kadında derin ven trombozu tanısı için doppler ultrasonografi, kompresyon
ultrasonografi veya kontrast venografi kullanılmaktadır. Tedavide antikoagülasyonlar
önemli bir yere sahiptir. Ancak gebelik ilaç kullanımına dikkat edilmesi
gereken bir dönemdir. Bu nedenle gebelikte heparin ve türevleri
kullanılmaktadır. Umblikal kord yoluyla çoğu ilaç fetüse geçmekte ve
anomalilere neden olabilmektedir. Bununla birlikte kanama, hematom,
trombositopeni gibi hayati önem taşıyan yan etkileri vardır. Postpartum dönem
kanamaları engellenemez ise anne ölümlerine neden olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle
gebenin iyi değerlendirilmesi ve kontrollerinin düzenli yapılması
gerekmektedir. Olası komplikasyonlara karşı gerekli önlemler alınmalıdır. Bu
kontrollerin yapılması, izlemi ve gebenin eğitilmesinde ebenin doğru ilaç,
doğru hasta, doğru yol, doğru zaman ve doğru doz gibi güvenli ilaç uygulama
ilkeleri açısından değerlendirmeli; aynı zamanda ilaçların etki ve yan etkisini
izlemelidir.
DRIVE CAMPAIGNS: "ANTI-SHARING IMAGES/PHOTOGRAPHS HARASSING WOMEN ON INSTANT MESSAGING APPS PHONE VISITING
Authors: Wardani Winny Gunarti Widya
Published: March 2020

The presence of cross-platformmessaging apps on smartphone allows people to instantly share information and images/photos. However, the development of this information technology also opens opportunities for the spread of gender-based of images/photos that tend to harass women. The act of harassing women through images/photos, whether producing or sharing them can be categorized as a violation of the law, as regulated in Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 7 year 1984 on the Ratification of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. This study focuses on the importance of campaign of"Anti-sharing images/ photos that harassed women in instant messaging apps on smartphone‖ as a form of social and cultural responsibility in the community. Qualitatively, the discussion uses the theory of design sociology as a solution to solve problems through campaign media. The results of this study discussions are expected to build public awareness to stop sharing habits or create images /photos that harass women, and invite people to jointly fight it.
Vitamin B12 may inhibit RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase activity of nsp12 from the COVID-19 Virus
Authors: nair deepak t , narayanan naveen
Published: March 2020

COVID-19 is the causative agent for the ongoing pandemic, and this virus belongs to the Coronaviridae family. Like other members of this family, the virus possesses a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome. The genome encodes for the nsp12 protein, which houses the RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase (RdRP) activity responsible for the replication of the viral genome. A homology model of nsp12 was prepared using the structure of the SARS nsp12 (6NUR) as a model. The model was used to carry out in silico screening to identify molecules among natural products, or FDA approved drugs that can potentially inhibit the activity of nsp12. This exercise showed that vitamin B12 (methylcobalamin) may bind to the active site of the nsp12 protein. A model of the nsp12 in complex with substrate RNA and incoming NTP showed that Vitamin B12 binding site overlaps with that of the incoming nucleotide. A comparison of the calculated energies of binding for RNA plus NTP and methylcobalamin suggested that the vitamin may bind to the active site of nsp12 with significant affinity. It is, therefore, possible that methylcobalamin binding may prevent association with RNA and NTP and thus inhibit the RdRP activity of nsp12. Overall, our computational studies suggest that methylcobalamin form of vitamin B12 may serve as an effective inhibitor of the nsp12 protein.
Feline leukemias: Features of pathogenic changes in blood
Authors: Kostiuk I. A. , Zhukova I. A. , Liakhovych L. M. , Ulyanitskaya A. Yu. , Kochevenko E. S. , Lonhus N. I. , Osman M. S.
Published: March 2020

Feline viral leukemia is a widespread disease in various countries around the world. According to the data provided by nation-wide data sets, from 3.1% of cats (in the USA) to 24.5% (in Thailand) tested positive for FeLV. In Ukraine, there are practically no results of studying this phenomenon. Leukemia is a malignant blood disease. According to various sources, the animals die within 3–4 years, there is also the possibility of recovery, but the greatest danger is the hidden, chronic course, the virus carriers and the unlimited possibility of spreading the virus, both among domestic and among street animals. The latent course and long incubation period of this disease impede timely diagnosis and effective therapeutic measures. Infection of healthy animals can occur as a result of contact with infected animals, during participation in exhibitions, during the breeding of animals, contacts with stray cats. Manifestations of viral leukemia can vary, affecting primarily the work of the immune system. The pathogenic mechanisms of the disease development should be studied in connection with viral damage to bone marrow stem cells and impaired blood formation processes, the development of an immunodeficiency state. The identification of qualitative and quantitative changes in blood cells and the determination of pathogenic mechanisms of disease development are necessary for early diagnosis of the disease and prevention of infection in healthy animals. Detection of specific signs typical for the leukemic blood picture in cats is a necessary part of a comprehensive diagnosis, together with specific studies (PCR, etc.). A blood test is the primary stage of detecting a disease. Specific structural and functional changes, in particular neutrophils, lymphocytes and erythrocytes, allow us to broaden our understanding of the development of symptoms, the course of the disease and possible outcomes
Treatment activities in males with Gonadodystrophy using drugs based on nanobiomaterials
Authors: Naumenko S. V. , Koshevoy V. I.
Published: March 2020

The article presents data on the development of innovative methods of treating males with gonadodystrophy using drugs based of nanobiomaterials. The complex drug ‘Karafand+OV,Zn’ contains carotenoids, phytoandrogens, and nanomaterials — nanoparticles of gadolinium orthovanadate activated by europium and zinc carbonate, it restores and activates the function of the testes, which generally normalizes the reproductive function of males. The developed methods are simple to implement and can be introduced into the practice of veterinary medicine as correctors of vitamin-hormonal metabolism, with a predominant antioxidant effect
Ultrastructure and biological properties of Avian influenza viruses following cryopreservation
Authors: Stegniy M. Yu. , Stegniy B. T.
Published: March 2020

Ultrastructure and infectious activity of avian influenza virus (strain А/Chicken/Sivash/02/05 (H5N1)) following cryopreservation and low temperature storage at –20, –70, and –196°C during various terms from 25 days up to 143 months using electron microscopy, serological and virological methods were investigated. Avian influenza viruses strain А/Chicken/Sivash/02/05 (H5N1) is stored in the Collection of Pathogens of the National Scientific Center ‘Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine’ (Kharkiv, Ukraine), which was granted the National Endowment of Ukraine status. The conducted study allowed to reveal on electronograms the ultrastructural changes in AIV during long term storage (18 months) at moderately low temperature (–20°C), in particular loss of glycoprotein of peplomers in the majority of virions. The changes in ultrastructure of the virus samples were accompanied by a loss of hemagglutinating activity during long-term storage of AIV samples at moderately low temperature of –20°C. When storing the AIV samples at –70 and –196°C the virions generally remain negatively contrasted, keep peplomers for the studied storage duration
GENERAL AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEMS OF UZBEKISTAN AND JAPAN: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: KHASANOVA Gulsanam
Published: March 2020

In recent years, there has been a rising global need to train and educate certain number of workers to possess high quality, relevant vocational skills which lead to an enormous increase in the demand for professional education. In our country, using the experience of developed countries is crucial for the implementation of education reforms. Reforms based on modern approaches today are an important factor in the development of general and vocational education systems in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Comparison of indicators of the educational reform process in different countries helps to detect and overcome shortcomings, enrich one’s own experience and find more fruitful and optimal ways of developing the educational system. In this article, based on the comparison method, the general trends and features of the development, modernization of general and vocational education in Uzbekistan and Japan are determined. Based on an analysis of the current state of the general and vocational education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, practical proposals were developed for further improving the prospects for vocational schools based on Japanese experience.
Property, Unbundled Water Entitlements, and Anticommons Tragedies: A Cautionary Tale From Australia
Authors: Babie Paul , Leadbeter Paul , Nikias Kyriaco
Published: March 2020

As water becomes an increasingly scarce resource, a lack of clarity in relation to its use can produce both conflict among and inefficient use by users. In order to encourage markets in water and to ensure the viability and functionality of those markets, governments in many jurisdictions have moved away from commons property as a means of water allocation, and towards systems of private property in water. In doing so, one policy and legal option is “unbundling”, which seeks carefully to define both the entitlement to water and its separation into constituent parts. Advocates claim that unbundling makes water rights easier to value, monitor, and trade. But is unbundling the most efficient means of allocating water use rights? Or might such fragmentation produce what has come to be called an “anticommons tragedy”? To answer these questions, this article contains four parts. The Introduction provides the legal background to the modern means of allocating the use of water amongst competing, or rivalrous, users. Part I considers the theoretical nature of property, and the way in which such theory might be extended to water allocation through unbundling. Part II presents unbundling as it has been implemented in the Australian state of South Australia. This allows us to assess the extent to which the stated policy rationale for unbundling—certainty and transferability of entitlements—has been achieved and the extent to which this is a desirable outcome. Our analysis can be applied to any jurisdiction, most notably the arid and semi-arid southwestern United States, considering unbundling as a legal and policy option for the allocation of water use. The Conclusion reflects upon the potential for unbundling water entitlements in arid or semi-arid environments. The South Australian experience reveals a reluctance to embrace unbundling, both on the part of the state in terms of implementing, and on the part of market actors holding existing proprietary interests in water. This reluctance ought to be viewed by other jurisdictions as a warning about the effectiveness and efficiency of unbundling. We show that unbundling efforts may not only fail to provide efficiency gains, but also, and much more worryingly, may in fact drive anticommons tragedies that entirely inhibit any beneficial use. We propose that our anecdotal and theoretical analysis of South Australia requires empirical research both in Australia and in other jurisdictions climatologically, hydrologically, and in underlying legal framework, similar to Australia. Such empirical research will test our conclusions in relation to South Australia, both in respect to the operation of the water market and as to the behavior of market actors.
The Wild and Scenic Rivers Act at 50: Overlooked Watershed Protection
Authors: Blumm Michael , Yoklic Max
Published: March 2020

The Wild and Scenic Rivers Act (WSRA) marked its fiftieth anniversary in 2018 without much fanfare. The WSRA has been somewhat overshadowed by the Wilderness Act, which preceded it by four years, and by the National Environmental Policy Act and the pollution control statutes which followed in the 1970s. But the WSRA was a significant conservation achievement, has now extended its protections to over 200 rivers, and has the potential to provide watershed protection to many more in the future. This article explains the statute and its implementation over the last half-century as well as a number of challenges to fulfilling its laudable goals of protecting free-flowing rivers, their water quality, and their “outstandingly remarkable values.”

We make a number of suggestions to the managing agencies and to Congress if the WSRA’s achievements over the next half-century are to match the last fifty years, including reviving congressional interest in study rivers, updating managing agencies’ river plans to focus on non-federal lands within river corridors, and ensuring that those river plans provide the watershed protection Congress envisioned when it included a significant amount of riparian land within WSRA river corridors. We also call for a new emphasis on rivers that should be studied for their restoration potential and for more states to take advantage of the statute’s unusual pathway for state-designated rivers to gain WSRA protections.

A postscript briefly explains a recent congressional proposal to expand the WSRA system, and an appendix catalogues all 226 WSRA river segments designated during the statute’s first fifty years.
ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN: AN EXPLANATION OF FALLING GROWTH RATE IN INDIA
Authors: Sharma Niket
Published: March 2020

Economic growth of the country is part of economic development, as development is the phenomenon which follows growth and involves not only an increase in the total output but also a change in the structural and institutional factors that operate in economy and a welfare quotient. India has been observing an economic phenomenon called the stagflation, which has slowed economic growth in country and thus economic development
The objective of this paper is on growth witnessed in India and reasons why growth rate after displaying great momentum has reduced in past two years which has also reduced the level of development. Paper has also explored various measures of the economic development in an economy. The paper tries to estimate the reasons for stagflation in the economy and probable solutions to it.
KEYWORDS: economic development, economic growth, stagflation,
Clinical-hemodynamic features of ischemic stroke in patients of young age
Authors: Mialovytska Olena , Nebor Yaroslav
Published: March 2020

58 patients with ischemic stroke were examined (29 young people — the
main group and 29 middle-aged people — control group). Among the examined young patients, cardio embolic subtype of stroke prevailed (66 %), and
among middle-aged patients was observed in 10 %. The athe rothrombotic
subtype of stroke prevailed in middle-aged people (69 %), and among
young people — 24 %. The lacunar subtype of stroke in young people was 3 %,
and in middle-aged people — 21 %. Patients of young had such subtypes
of strokes as hemodyna mic and hemorheological, which respectively equaled
3 %. In middle age these subtypes of strokes were not observed among
the examined patients. In young people the proportion of vascular pools
with ische mic stroke was: vertebrobasilar — 41 %, carotid prevailed to some
extend — 59 %. In middle-aged people the proportion of strokes prevailed
in the carotid pool — 64 %, in the vertebrobasilar it was 29 %. Middle-aged
people also had a “combined stroke” (stroke that occurred in several pools
at once), it amounted to 7 %. As a result, Doppler study of cerebral vessels proved that in young people linear velocity in the right middle cerebral artery was authentically
higher compared with middle-aged patients. At the same time, the linear
velocity in middle-aged patients was statistically greater in the left vertebral artery.
Keywords: ischemic stroke subtypes, young age, hemodynamic parameters
Sistema energetico basado en tecnologia renovable como alternativa de proteccion ambiental
Authors: Demera  Murillo Clenia Carmen , Suasti Alcívar Kenny Orlando
Published: March 2020

Buscar alternativas que sean amigables con el medio ambiente se ha convertido en toda una travesía de pruebas en los últimos años, desde su aparición en la industria aeroespacial, el uso dela energía de la radiación solar se ha convertido en unos de los medios más versátiles para el suministro de energía eléctrica que en sus inicios era utilizada para proveer de energía a satélites, pero con el tiempo sea ido adaptando al medio en el que vivimos, utilizándolo para alimentar aparatos autónomos, para abastecer refugios e incluso para casas que por su ubicación permanecían aisladas de energía eléctrica. El objetivo de la investigación es: Estudiar el comportamiento de la implementación de un sistema fotovoltaico como una medida de protección ambiental en nuestra sociedad. El estudio fue cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo, se aplicó la técnica de encuestas para recopilar información. También se realizó la búsqueda y selección de información relevante sobre las variables planteadas en el tema, para hacer una revisión profunda. Con la investigación se determinó que la implementación de este sistema puede beneficiarnos de muchas maneras, ya que al conocer el impacto que puede tener en el medio ambiente, podemos decir que es una de las mejores alternativas que tendrán mucho más espacio en la sociedad dentro de unos años, debido a su crecimiento exponencial en lo se refiere a la producción de energía fotovoltaica, con lo que se espera que dentro de cincuenta años este porcentaje sea del 100 por ciento.