bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Две стратегии воспитания: софистическая и сократическая
Authors: Рустам Баевич Галанин
Published: October 2024

В античности существовало два типа того, что мы бы сейчас назвали высшим образованием. Первый тип - риторический, который берет свое начало у софистов и даже еще раньше, как я постараюсь показать, - уже у Гомера и Гесиода. В его основе лежит риторическое воспитание. Такое воспитание обещает научить человека за деньги добродетели, красивой и убедительной речи, дать ему познания в физических науках и истории и тем самым сделать его пригодным к государственной службе. Своей вершины эта традиция достигает у Протагора, а затем в школе Исократа. Второй тип воспитания - философский, который ввел в культурный обиход Сократ. Этот тип тоже не лишен риторической составляющей, но все же основной упор делается на философию, понимаемую как познание Блага самого по себе. В основе этого типа лежит греческая философская эротика, восходящая от прекрасного тела к душе и далее - к Благу . Своего совершенства эта традиция достигнет в Академии Платона. Разбору обеих этих учебных систем, их деталей и некоторых интересных подробностей посвящена настоящая статья.

In Ancient Greece, there were two types of what we now call higher education. The first one, rhetorical, sprang from the sophists, or even earlier sources, as I will try to show, starting from Homer and Hesiod. Its core was rhetorical training. In the the broader sense, the paid rhetorical education promised to instruct one in virtue, in graceful and persuasive oratory, to provide one with the knowledge of physical sciences and history, and make one suitable for public and political affairs. This tradition reaches its climax in the educational activities of Protagoras and Isocrates. The second type of education is erotic philosophy introduced by Socrates. It is based on man’s desire to know the Good . The nature of this education type is rooted in the loving movement deriving from the attraction to the beautiful body, carrying on to beautiful soul, and finally ascending to the Good as such. This is the movement of a special philosophical Eros with which Socrates is totally obsessed. This tradition reaches its perfection in Plato’s Academy. My paper is devoted to the analysis of both educational systems.
Метод гипотез «Федона» и «Вторая аналитика» Аристотеля: некоторые параллели
Authors: Артем Тимурович Юнусов
Published: October 2024

В своей статье 1924 года Пол Шори убедительно обосновал, что четвертый аргумент в пользу бессмертия души «Федона» (95e-107b), вероятно, является источником учения Аристотеля о силлогизме в «Первой аналитике». В данной статье я хотел бы показать, что этот тезис можно усилить, и описываемый в указанном месте «Федона» «метод гипотез» (в его двух вариантах) является источником не только (или даже не столько) учения «Первой аналитики» о силлогизме, но также - и, может быть, даже прежде всего - учения «Второй аналитики» о доказательстве. Помимо многочисленных тематических и лексических параллелей между двумя текстами, об этом свидетельствует то, что ряд умозаключений в 105a-106e «Федона», в которых Шори с свое время верно распознал правильные, согласно стандартам «Первой аналитики», силлогизмы, удовлетворяют почти всем без исключения техническим условиям, которым должны удовлетворять силлогизмы, чтобы считаться доказательствами, согласно стандартам «Второй аналитики»; кроме того, в них обнаруживаются некоторые черты, которые являются, с одной стороны, чрезвычайно необычными и даже эксцентричными сами по себе и при этом в высшей степени характерными именно для доказательств «Второй аналитики».

In his 1924 paper, Paul Shorey has quite convincingly demonstrated that the fourth argument for the soul’s immortality in the Phaedo (95e-107b) had probably been a source for Aristotle’s Prior Analytics’ doctrine of syllogism. In what follows I would like in turn to show that one can establish an even stronger thesis - that the Phaedo’s method of hypothesis (in its two versions), which is described and used in 95e-107b, had been a source not only (and perhaps not mainly) of the Prior Analytics’ doctrine of syllogism simpliciter, but also (and perhaps chiefly) of the Posterior Analytics’ doctrine of demonstrative syllogism. Apart from numerous thematic and lexical parallels between the two texts, this is evidenced by the fact that a series of deductive arguments in Ph. 105a-106e in which Shorey was right to recognise valid syllogisms according to the standards of the Prior Analytics, satisfies almost all of the complex technical conditions that syllogisms have to satisfy to count as demonstrative syllogisms according to the standards of the Posterior Analytics; furthermore, the syllogisms in the Phaedo have certain traits, which although highly unusual and even idiosyncratic considered by themselves, are precisely characteristic of demonstrations in the Posterior Analytics.
«Ксенедем, или Гласы» Феодора Продрома: русский перевод с логико-философским введением
Authors: Дмитрий Александрович Черноглазов , Оксана Юрьевна Гончарко
Published: October 2024

Философские взгляды Феодора Продрома, известного византийского интеллектуала XII века, отражены в трех его сочинениях, посвященных логике Аристотеля в ее связи с платоновской философией. Одно из них - это диалог «Ксенедем, или Гласы» (Ξενέδημος ἢ Φωναί), написанный в традиции платоновского диалога и посвященный рассмотрению пяти предикабилий Порфирия. В небольшом предисловии к публикации его русского перевода отмечены некоторые идеи, которые, с нашей точки зрения, связывают этот диалог с платоновской философией как содержательно (размышления о единстве сущего; его делении на категории или роды; их сведение к единому; парадоксы и противоречия, которые неизбежно возникают в связи с этим), так и формально (диалоговая форма рассуждения, майевтика, ирония, поиск определений, сократовский метод построения вопросов). В настоящей публикации мы впервые предлагаем вниманию читателей перевод диалога «Ксенедем» на русский язык, выполненный Д.А. Черноглазовым по его новому критическому изданию, опубликованному нами в 2017 году, а также некоторые историко-философские и историко- логические комментарии к формальным и содержательным параллелям «Ксенедема» с диалогами Платона «Лисид», «Хармид», «Теэтет», «Федр», «Федон», «Алкивиад» и «Парменид»

The philosophical ideas of Theodore Prodromos, the famous Byzantine intellectual of the 12th century, are conveyed in his three works on the Aristotelian logic interpreted in terms of Platonic philosophy. One of them is the dialogue Xenedemos, or Voices (Ξενέδημος ἢ Φωναί), written in the Platonic dialogical tradition and dealing with Porphyry’s five predicabilia. In a brief introduction to the publication of a Russian translation of the dialogue, a number of parallels, allusions and references to Platonic philosophy revealed in Prodromos are commented upon: the reflection on the unity of existing things; their division into categories or genera; their reduction to universals; paradoxes and contradictions inevitably arising if one employs predicabilia to analyze the definition as such; the Platonic dialogue as a genre of reasoning; the elenctic method, the irony and the hunt for definitions; the Socratic method of setting up questions. Here we introduce the first Russian translation of the Xenedemos by Dmitry Chernoglazov executed relying on its new critical edition published in 2017, as well as some historical, philosophical and logical notes on both formal and substantial references in the dialogue to Plato’s Lysis, Charmides, Theaetetus, Phaedrus, Phaedo, Alcibiades, and Parmenides.
Plato’s Concept of Chance
Authors: J. Dudley
Published: October 2024

The aim of the article is to show, firstly, how Plato integrated into his philosophy the most prevalent view of chance (tyche) from Homer to Socrates. This is “divine chance”, meaning unexpected intervention by the gods in human affairs. Due to its irresistibility it is a manifestation of fate (moira). A second aim is to show that Plato also made use of the non-divine necessary chance found in Heraclitus, Empedocles and Democritus, namely in the Timaeus where matter (chaos) does not participate in order before the intervention of the Demiurge except occasionally by chance, and again to account for random outcomes where Reason cannot fully prevail over Necessity. The article also analyses briefly the numerous prephilosophical usages of chance by Plato. Plato’s view of divine chance later proved highly influential, since it was adopted by the Stoics and was the source of the most important medieval view of chance, namely that of St. Augustine.

Задача настоящей статьи — показать, в первую очередь, как Платон интегрировал в свою философию наиболее распространенное представление о случае (тюхе) от Гомера до Сократа. Речь тут идет о «божественном случае», негаданном вмешательстве богов в дела человеческие. В силу своей неотвратимости он является манифестацией судьбы (мойра). Вторая задача — показать, что Платон использовал также и небожественный необходимый случай, обнаружимый у Гераклита, Эмпедокла и Демокрита, а именно в «Тимее», где прежде вмешательства Демиурга материя (хаос) участвует в устроении разве что изредка и случайно, отвечая за непредвиденные результаты, когда Ум не в силах полностью возобладать над Необходимостью. В статье также вкратце рассматриваются многочисленные предфилософские узусы ‘случая’ у Платона. Платоновское понимание божественного случая оказалось впоследствии весьма влиятельным: его приняли стоики, и оно послужило источником наиболее важного средневекового представления о случае, а именно у св. Августина.
Listening Carefully: Plato Tells About the Sophists
Authors: R. Galanin
Published: October 2024

It is well known that most of our knowledge of the Sophists is obtained from Plato’s dialogues as well as the long tradition of criticism aimed at sophistry. Thanks to the œuvre of Plato and Aristotle and their followers, we envisage the Sophists as bad guys, obnoxious “many-sided creatures” who take fees for their teachings and are “not to be caught with one hand”. Fortunately we know not only how bad the Sophists were, but also what they taught, and it is Plato who in many cases is our only source of information on the topic. That is why I am not going to criticize Plato for having an inadequate view of the Sophists — which is a common notion — but, on the contrary, will try to offer an apology in behalf of Plato by way of demostrating how much we owe him in terms of our knowledge about the Sophists. Further, I am planning to make a summary of modern assessments of Plato as a source for sophistology, and to show that Plato’s dialogues are unique historical testimonies, and therefore many things written by him about the Sophists are to be taken on trust.

Ни для кого не секрет, что существенная часть информации о софистах дошла до нас благодаря диалогам Платона. Однако именно от Платона, а затем и от Аристотеля, идет тысячелетняя традиция дискриминации софиста и как человека, берущего плату за обучение, и как мыслителя особого рода, которого нелегко ухватить одной рукой и который ничему, кроме небытия, не учит. К счастью, из Платона мы узнаем не только, сколь неблагонадежны были софисты в интеллектуальном отношении, но также и то, чему, собственно, они обучали. Насколько далеко мы можем зайти в своем (не)доверии Платону и есть ли у нас какие-либо источниковедческие альтернативы по софистике, если встать на позицию гиперкритики в отношении того, как Платон изображает софистов и что он о них говорит? В этой статье мы попытаемся предложить небольшую апологию Платону и показать, насколько мы обязаны ему в том, что касается наших знаний о софистах, а также сделать краткий обзор современных оценок Платона как источника по софистологии.
Юлиан Отступник—«последний киник»?
Authors: Р.В. Светлов
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается оценка Юлианом Отступником кинизма — как «древнего», так и современного ему. Апелляция к киникам позволяла Юлиану решить сразу несколько задач. С одной стороны, он демонстрировал свое риторическое искусство «на поле» философии, прочерчивая границу между философией ложной и подлинной. С другой — он как бы реконструировал историю, восстанавливал «подлинный» облик учеников Сократа. И здесь Юлиан следует традиции представлений о «древней философии», одним из родоначальников которой был Антиох из Аскалона. Он добавляет Антисфена и Диогена к канонической для неоплатоников группе из Сократа, Платона и Аристотеля. Разделение сократовской философии на теоретическую (Платон, Аристотель) и практическую (Антисфен, Диоген) части помогало ему синтезировать киническое и платоническое учение в одно целое. Оптика исторического зрения Юлиана была такова, что заставляла его воспринимать факты прошлого исключительно сквозь призму своего времени, подгоняя их под тот культурный ландшафт, который он считал естественным для вечного римского мира. Это позволило ему воспринимать себя одновременно и как философа-теурга, и как адепта кинического учения, что прослеживается в целом ряде текстов Юлиана, особенно созданных в последний год его жизни.

The subject of the article is Julian the Apostate’s evaluation of Cynicism — both its “ancient” version and the one which was contemporary with his lifetime. His appeal to the Cynics allowed Julian to solve several problems at once. On the one hand, he demonstrated his rhetorical art in the “arena” of philosophy, attempting to trace the border between false and authentic wisdom. On the other hand, he reconstructed history, as it were, restoring a “true” image of Socrates’ disciples. Julian follows the tradition of representing the “ancient philosophy” going back to, among others, Antiochus of Ascalon. He adds Antisthenes and Diogenes to the canonical list of ancient philosophers (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle) adopted by Neoplatonists. A division of Socratic philosophy into two parts, the theoretical (Plato, Aristotle) and practical (Antisthenes, Diogen), helped him to synthesize the Cynic and Platonic teachings into a unity. This allowed him to perceive himself simultaneously as a philosopher-theurgist, and as an adept of the Cynic doctrine. This can be seen in a number of Julian’s texts, especially those created in the last year of his life.
Foucault’s Genealogical Reading of the Alcibiades
Authors: P.A. Lima
Published: October 2024

One of Foucault’s main objectives in the Hermeneutics of the Subject is to determine the extent to which the principle of the care of the self was key throughout the whole of Antiquity. Foucault attempts to trace the genealogy of this phenomenon because it constitutes one of the most fundamental moments in the historical and genealogical formation of the modern subject. According to Foucault, the fact that the Alcibiades presents a philosophical theory of the care of the self is what makes it a key moment in the philosophical history of such a concept. In Foucault’s view, ἑαυτόν (129b, 130e) does not correspond to any specific content of the self but to the intrinsic reflexivity the reflexive pronoun points to, the constitutive fact that the self is first and foremost a relation to itself rather than a substance. The association of the Alcibiades with three other Platonic dialogues (the Phaedo, the Symposium and the Republic) regarding the topic of the primacy of self-knowledge over self-care produces a change in Foucault’s understanding of the conception of the soul’s nature, namely from a conception of the soul as an activity to a conception of it as a substance. The difference in meaning between θεῖον and ὁ θεός (133c) allows the existence of these two different readings of the nature of the soul in the Alcibiades. Foucault, however, takes them as being one and the same.

Одна из главных задач Фуко в «Герменевтике субъекта» – определить, в какой степени принцип заботы о себе оставался ключевым на протяжении всей античности. Фуко стремится отследить генеалогию этого явления, поскольку оно составляет один из основополагающих моментов исторического и генеалогического формирования современного субъекта. Согласно Фуко, тот факт, что «Алкивиад» содержит философскую теорию заботы о себе, делает этот диалог ключевым моментом в философской истории данного понятия. Как полагает Фуко, ἑαυτόν (129b, 130e) соотносится не с каким-то определенным содержанием субъекта, но с внутренней возвратностью, на которую и указывает возвратное местоимение, с определяющим фактом того, что субъект есть прежде всего некое отношение к себе, а не какая-то субстанция. Сопоставлением «Алкивиада» с тремя другими платоновскими диалогами («Федоном», «Пиром» и «Государством») в отношении примата самопознания над самозаботой обусловлено изменение в понимании Фуко представления о природе души: от представления о душе как деятельности он переходит к представлению о душе как сущности. Семантическое различие между θεῖον и ὁ θεός (133c) допускает оба эти различающиеся прочтения природы души в «Алкивиаде». Фуко, однако, воспринимает их как одно и то же.
Космология Платона и платонизм в современной космологии
Authors: А.В. Нестерук
Published: October 2024

В статье обсуждается принципиальная асимметрия между представлением о времени и пространственной среде (вместилище) в космологии Платона. В противоположность времени пространство выступает необходимым предсуществующим элементом по отношению к воспринимаемой с помощью чувст вселенной. На примере модели квантовой космологии С. Хокинга показывается, что современные космологические модели происхождения видимой вселенной, претендующие на экспликацию причинного принципа мира, в процессе деконструкции временного порядка вынуждены апеллировать к предлежащим сущностям типа пространства (вместилища) Платона как тому исходному и максимально симметричному типу бытия, без которого физика не в силах функционировать. Делается вывод, что платонизм в современной космологии, как определенное воспроизведение хода мысли Платона в построении теории происхождения вселенной, является трансцендентальной закономерностью, с неизбежностью проявляющейся при любой попытке моделирования происхождения вселенной.

This article discusses the fundamental asymmetry between the notion of time and spatial medium (receptacle) in Plato’s cosmology. Space, in contradistinction with time, reveals itself as a necessary preexisting element of cosmology which gives rise to the sensible realm involved in temporal flux. It is demonstrated, on the basis of a model of quantum cosmology by S. Hawking, that all modern theories of the origin of the visible universe claiming to be able to explain the causal principle of the world have to appeal to some pre-existent entities closely resembling the space (receptacle) of Plato as such an initial and highly symmetrical type of being which is required for physics to be able to function at all. The conclusion is drawn that Platonism in modern cosmology, being a sort of reproduction of Plato’s thinking in building a theory of the world’s origin, is de facto a transcendental delimiter inevitably appearing in all attempts to model the origin of the universe.
Thermoresponsive redispersible polystyrene latexes
Authors: N Keerthika , Arumugam Jayalakshmi , Santhanagopal Ramkumar
Published: October 2024

Polystyrene (PS) latexes prepared using low-molecular-weight amphiphilic thermoresponsive surfactants exhibited reversible coagulation. The prepared low molecular surfactant exhibited thermal transition at concentration above their critical micellar concentration (CMC). Latexes prepared with surfactant containing thermoresponsive segments, i.e., surfactants with poly(2-ethyloxazoline) resulted in white coagulant above its LCST at 85 oC and redispersed upon cooling to room temperature, while latexes prepared with non-responsive units remain unresponsive to change in temperature. Comparison of the particle sizes of the pristine and redispersed latex at 25 oC exhibited nearly identical size and shape, before and after heating up to 85 oC that effected coagulation. The re-dispersibility of the coagulated polystyrene latexes allows to mitigate energy consumption in the design and synthesis of such latexes used in many day-to-day applications.
Computational evaluation of the binding of activated ribonucleotides in nonenzymatic RNA template copying
Authors: Lech Barbara Katarzyna , Ogunnaiya Boluwatife , Petrusevich Lizaveta , Szabla Rafał
Published: October 2024

Nonenzymatic self-replication is considered as one of the most primordial functions of RNA, which likely preceded the emergence of more complex ribozymes. Among different possible scenarios, nucleotide activation with imidazole derivatives attracted substantial attention over the last years. However, despite the progress in proposing plausible variants of nonezymatic RNA template copying with phosphoroimidazolides, mechanistic aspects of this process still remain obscure. Furthermore, efficient RNA self-replication involving activated uridine and adenosine still remains a challenge. Here, we employed classical molecular dynamics simulations to evaluate the binding specificity of different imidazolium-bridged dinucleotide intermediates, which was suggested to control the yield and fidelity of the reaction. In particular, RMSD-based clustering of the MD trajectories revealed previously unknown structural arrangements of activated dinucleotide indermediates that may play a critical role in non-enzymatic primer extension. Most importantly, our results indicate that yield and fidelity of nonenzymatic RNA template copying cannot be simply associated with the number of Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds between the activated dinucleotides and the templating strand. Instead, efficiency of the reaction correlates with the preference for the formation of canonically stacked form of the activated dinucleotide intermediate, which can then selectively bind to the template and participate in the primer extension reaction.
Recent progress in modeling and simulation of biomolecular crowding and condensation inside cells
Authors: Mathur Apoorva , Ghosh Rikhia , Nunes-Alves Ariane
Published: October 2024

Macromolecular crowding in the cellular cytoplasm can potentially impact diffusion rates of proteins, their intrinsic structural stability, binding of proteins to their corresponding partners as well as biomolecular organization and phase separation. While such intracellular crowding can have a large impact on biomolecular structure and function, the molecular mechanisms and driving forces that determine the effect of crowding on dynamics and conformations of macromolecules are so far not well understood. At a molecular level, computational methods can provide a unique lens to investigate the effect of macromolecular crowding on biomolecular behavior, providing us with a resolution that is challenging to reach with experimental techniques alone. In this review, we focus on the various physics-based and data-driven computational methods developed in the last few years to investigate macromolecular crowding and intracellular protein condensation. We review recent progress in modeling and simulation of biomolecular systems of varying sizes, ranging from single protein molecules to the entire cellular cytoplasm. We further discuss the effects of macromolecular crowding on different phenomena, such as diffusion, protein-ligand binding, and their mechanical and viscoelastic properties, such as surface tension of condensates. Finally, we discuss some of the outstanding challenges that we anticipate the community addressing in the next few years in order to investigate biological phenomena in model cellular environments by reproducing in-vivo conditions as accurately as possible.
Multidimensional-constrained Suspect Screening of Hydrophobic Chemicals Using Gas Chromatography-Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization-Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Shi Xiaodi , Sobek Anna , Benskin Jonathan P.
Published: October 2024

Suspect screening strives to rapidly monitor a large number of substances in a sample using mass spectral libraries. For hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs), these libraries are primarily based on electron ionization mass spectra. To improve the efficacy of suspect screening, new libraries and workflows are required, leveraging the highly specific analytical data acquired by state-of-the-art mass spectrometers. In this study, we established a new library for 1,590 suspect contaminants, including exact mass and a combination of measured and model-predicted values for retention time (RT) and collision cross section (CCS). The accuracy of in silico predictions was assessed using standards for 102 environmental contaminants. Thereafter, using gas chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-ion mobility-mass spectrometry, a suspect screening workflow constrained by exact mass, RT, CCS, and product ion data, together with a continuous scoring system, was established to reduce false positives and improve identification confidence. Application of the method to fortified and standard reference sediment samples demonstrated true positive rates of 79% and 64%, respectively, with all false positives attributed to suspect isomers, indicating high specificity of our method. This study offers a new workflow for improved suspect screening of HOCs using multidimensional information, and highlights the need to enrich CCS databases and extend the applicable chemical space of current in silico tools to non-polar substances.
SubTuner: a Physics-Guided Computational Tool for Modifying Enzymatic Substrate Preference and Its Application to Anion Methyltransferases
Authors: Shao Qianzhen , Hollenbeak Asher C. , Jiang Yaoyukun , Ran Xinchun , Bachmann Brian O. , Yang Zhongyue J.
Published: October 2024

Engineering enzymes to catalyze non-native substrates is critical for chemical synthesis. A significant challenge is to create a tool specialized in shifting an enzyme’s activity toward a specified non-native substrate. We developed SubTuner, a physics-based computational tool that automates enzyme engineering for catalyzing desired non-native substrates. To test the performance of SubTuner, we designed three tasks – all aiming to identify beneficial anion methyltransferase mutants for synthesis of non-native S-adenosyl-L-methionine analogs: first in the conversion of ethyl iodide from a pool of 190 AtHOL1 single-point mutants for an initial test of accuracy and speed; second of ethyl and n-propyl iodide from a pool of 600 acl-MT multi-point mutants for a test of generalizability; and eventually of bulkier substrates (n-propyl, isopropyl, and allyl iodide) combined with experimental characterization for a test of a priori predictivity. We have also tested SubTuner against bioinformatics and machine learning-based enzyme engineering tools. All tests demonstrated SubTuner’s superior ability to accelerate the discovery of function-enhancing mutants for non-native substrates. Moreover, utilizing molecular simulation data derived from SubTuner, we elucidated how beneficial mutations promote catalysis. SubTuner, with its physical hypothesis, quantitative accuracy, and mechanism-informing ability, holds a significant potential to aid enzyme engineering for substrate scope expansion.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Sapta- Avartita Guduchi Tailain Diabetic Peripheral Neuritis
Authors: Karishma Dr.
Published: October 2024

None
Avarana
Authors: G Shrinivasa Acharya Dr
Published: October 2024

None
Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of a Unani formulation in management of Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
Authors: Arshad Jamal M. , Siddiqui M.A , Quamri M.A , Dhulappa Mehatra Dr.
Published: October 2024

None
Clinical Application of Agnikarma
Authors: Kumar Dr.P.Hemantha
Published: October 2024

None
Desafíos de la inclusión digital de la mujer en una zona en condiciones de vulnerabilidad en Colombia
Authors: Arango Valencia Sara , Pérez Arias Sara , Barrientos Gómez Juan Guillermo , Gómez Ramírez María Camila , Luna Iván Felipe
Published: October 2024

Objetivo.

Identificar las capacidades tecnológicas y describir la apropiación de uso en una comunidad de mujeres de una zona en condiciones de vulnerabilidad de Colombia.

Método.

Estudio transversal observacional realizado en la subregión de Urabá (Colombia). Se realizó una encuesta a 1 478 mujeres de entre 18 y 49 años en centros de atención primaria en salud acerca de sus capacidades tecnológicas, experiencia con el uso de la información alojada en la red y apropiación de la tecnología.

Resultados.

El acceso y uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) variaban según la edad, el nivel educativo y el estrato socioeconómico, con diferencias en preferencias en cuanto a la información y el consumo crítico de esta.

Conclusión.

En este estudio, las mujeres en nuestro estudio enfrentan múltiples barreras de acceso para el uso apropiado de las TIC para la promoción de la salud. La apropiación de estas herramientas en Colombia, específicamente en la subregión de Urabá, es un desafío complejo que requiere un enfoque integral y multidimensional.
The development of microencapsulated lactic acid bacteria and its application
on yoghurt powder products
Authors: Pamela V.Y. , Eris F.R. , Kusumasari S. , Meindrawan B.
Published: October 2024

The probiotics were susceptible to damage in commercial starters due to improper
environmental conditions. In this study, the encapsulation technique was applied to
improve probiotics survival using alginate, inulin (commercial and beneng taro-source),
skim milk and their combination; which is prepared by the extrusion method. The survival
of encapsulated probiotics in adverse environmental conditions was investigated by
exposing them to low pH and heat stress. The encapsulation yield and diameter of the
encapsulated probiotics were also measured before their application to yoghurt powder.
Both heat stress and pH 2 resulted in the decrease of the number of viable free cells and
viable encapsulated cells by about 5 log cycles and 3 log cycles, respectively. The
encapsulation yield was >98% in all treatments and the diameter of probiotics was
increased significantly around >2.5 mm by the encapsulation method. The viability of the
encapsulated probiotic cell was decreased 1 log cycle after applying in powdered yoghurt
while without encapsulation the cell count was much lower. Thus, the microencapsulation
method has proven as an effective protection technique against adverse environments,
especially if applied as a powder product.
A Practical Study on the Integration of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education and Professional Education in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Wei Shaoyang , Zhang Zhaohui , Zhang Zhaohui , Xiong Gang
Published: October 2024

Innovation and entrepreneurship education is an important carrier to stimulate higher vocational students’ innovative spirit, and entrepreneurial enthusiasm and enhance vocational students’ professional quality and professional spirit. This paper analyzes the problems and challenges of the integration of innovation and entrepreneurship education and professional education in higher vocational colleges from three aspects: value connotation, innovation and entrepreneurship education system and practical teaching base. Based on the current innovation and entrepreneurship education reform practice in some higher vocational colleges, this paper puts forward the practical path of the integration of innovation and entrepreneurship education and professional education in higher vocational colleges, which provides a reference for the innovation and entrepreneurship education reform in higher vocational colleges.
The Development Potential and Challenges of One-Click Generative Artificial Intelligence in Cross-Border E-Commerce
Authors: He Shanshan , Wang Rongjun
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the development potential and challenges of one-click generative artificial intelligence (AI) in cross-border e-commerce. With the rapid growth of the Internet, cross-border e-commerce has seen significant market expansion, and the integration of AI technology presents new opportunities for the industry. This study analyzes the potential of one-click generative AI in cross-border e-commerce and its challenges. Reviewing relevant academic literature, the paper outlines key application scenarios of one-click generative AI, such as automatic product description generation and intelligent customer service assistants. Additionally, the study highlights the challenges associated with the technology, including issues related to semantic understanding and technological immaturity. The findings indicate that while one-click generative AI holds great potential for cross-border e-commerce, both technical and legal challenges must be addressed for its successful implementation.
Research on the Legal Risks of Digital Currency in the Big Data Environment
Authors: Liu Chengkun
Published: October 2024

With the widespread application and growth of blockchain technology, cloud computing, and big data analytics in the financial industry, digital currencies have emerged. However, relevant regulations specifically targeting digital currencies have not been officially promulgated yet. In the process of promoting digital currencies, legal risks such as unclear boundaries of compensation liability, unclear ownership, potential privacy breaches, and financial regulatory challenges still need to be overcome. Therefore, it is essential to prioritize the prevention and management of legal risks associated with digital currencies in the big data environment, ensuring the smooth circulation and use of digital legal currencies across regions and promoting the internationalization and legalization of China’s digital legal currencies.
PROSES KREATIF FONNA MELANIA DALAM PENCIPTAAN MOTIF "MASAGI" BATIK LOKATMALA KOTA SUKABUMI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Cahyani Isma Awal Fitroh , Cahyana Agus , Sudjana Anis
Published: October 2024

The “Masagi” batik motif is the first batik motif produced by the Lokatmala batik house, created by a batik designer/craftsman named Fonna Melania. Initial and pre-designed ideas in the creation of “Masagi” motifs identify a problem or background in the creative process of creating unique and distinctive motifs. This study aims to describe (1) Fonna Melania’s creative process in creating the “Masagi” motif. (2) Fonna’s level of creativity in creating the “Masagi” motif. (3) Aesthetics of the “Masagi” motif. This research will use a qualitative descriptive method, with a theoretical approach
to the psychology of art and aesthetics. Data were collected through interviews, observations and documentation and descriptive data analysis techniques through research data reduction, research
data presentation and conclusion.

Keywords: batik, “Masagi” motif, creative process, Fonna Melani

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motif batik “Masagi” merupakan motif batik pertama yang diproduksi oleh rumah batik Lokatmala, diciptakan oleh seorang desainer/pengrajin batik bernama Fonna Melania. Gagasan awal dan pradesain dalam penciptaan motif “Masagi” mengidentifikasi suatu masalah atau latar belakang dalam proses kreatif penciptaan motif yang unik dan khas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmendeskripsikan (1) Proses kreatif Fonna Melania dalam penciptaan motif “Masagi”. (2) Tingkat kreativitas Fonna dalam menciptakan motif “Masagi”. (3) Estetika motif “Masagi”. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan pendekatan teori psikologi seni dan estetika. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi dan teknik analisis data secara deskriptif melalui cara reduksi data penelitian, penyajian data penelitian dan penarikan kesimpulan.

Kata kunci: batik, motif “Masagi”, proses kreatif, Fonna Melania.
KASUNDAAN DALAM MOTIF BATIK RAGEN PANGANTEN
Authors: Riana Irpan , Putra Yuda Syah
Published: October 2024

The Ragen Panganten Batik motif is one of the Batik motifs created by Rd. Lalam Wiranatakusumah, produced by Batik Komar. The motif was reconstructed based on the ancient manuscript of Siksakandang Kares and the culture of the Sundanese people. In Ragen Panganten's batik motif, it has Kasundaan meaning and identity. Ragen Panganten's batik motif consists of various decorations, such as the stylization of the Julang bird, Wijayakusumah plants and Binokasih's crown, to the colors used that reflect Kasundaan's identity. The meaning that comes from the Ragen Panganten motif is a symbol of marriage. The Ragen Panganten Batik motif, which according to Sundanese cosmology has symbols of emptiness and content, encompasses a paradoxical dualistic nature. In addition, the Ragen Panganten batik motif is always based on a triangular shape or pattern. The significance of the triangular shape in Sundanese society is closely related to the tritangtu pattern, the life concept of the Sundanese people.

Keywords: Kasundaan, Batik, Ragen Panganten, Rd. Lalam

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Motif Batik Ragen Panganten merupakan salah satu motif Batik yang dibuat oleh Rd. Lalam Wiranatakusumah, yang di produksi oleh Batik Komar. Motif tersebut direkonstruksi berdasarkan naskah kuno Siksakandang Karesian dan budaya masyarakat Sunda. Dalam batik motif Ragen Panganten memiliki makna dan identitas Kasundaan. Motif batik Ragen Panganten yang terdiri dari ragam hias yang seperti stilasi burung Julang, Tumbuhan Wijayakusumah dan Mahkota Binokasih sampai dengan warna yang dipakai mencerminkan identitas Kasundaan. Makna yang muncul dari motif Ragen Panganten merupakan simbol dari perkawinan. Motif Batik Ragen Panganten, memiliki simbol dari kosong dan isi, dalam pandangan kosmologi Sunda termasuk sifat dualistik yang paradoks. Selain itu, motif batik Ragen Panganten selalu dilandasi dari bentuk atau pola segitiga. Makna bentuk segitiga dalam masyarakat Sunda erat kaitannya dengan pola tritangtu yang merupakan konsep kehidupan masyarakat Sunda.

Kata Kunci: Kasundaan, Batik, Ragen Panganten, Rd. Lalam
FASHION SEBAGAI BENTUK EKSPRESI DIRI DAN KARAKTER MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH BANDUNG
Authors: Salma Ghaitsa , Falah Asep Miftahul
Published: October 2024

In the history of its development, fashion is a symbol of the period of change in group culture. Fashion is often synonymous with clothing, although the true meaning of fashion can include anything related to jewelry, style, and clothing. Clothing is a symbol of the soul, and clothing cannot be separated from the development of human life and cultural history. In other words, fashion can be interpreted as a social aspect that contains messages and ways of life of certain individuals or communities that are part of social culture. The research method used in this study, in an effort to understand fashion as a form of self expression and character of Bandung Muhammadiyah University students, the authors used qualitative methods by distributing questionnaires to 50 students of the Muhammadiyah University of Bandung. The result is that 92% of students agree that the way they dress is in accordance with their individual personalities. This means they choose clothes according to the color, model, style, design, and aesthetic value that they feel suits their personality. So it is true that the style of dress is a form of self-expression of the character of Bandung Muhammadiyah University students.

Keywords: Fashion, Style, Character, Self Expression, Personality

Dalam sejarah perkembangannya, fashion adalah simbol periode perubahan budaya kelompok. Fashion seringkali identik dengan pakaian, meskipun arti sebenarnya dari fashion dapat mencakup apapun yang berhubungan dengan perhiasan, gaya, dan pakaian. Pakaian merupakan simbol jiwa, dan pakaian tidak dapat dipisahkan dari perkembangan kehidupan manusia dan sejarah kebudayaan. Dengan kata lain, fashion dapat diartikan sebagai suatu segi sosial yang mengandung pesan dan cara hidup individu atau komunitas tertentu yang menjadi bagian dari kultur sosial. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini, dalam upaya memahami fashion sebagai bentuk Ekspreksi Diri dan Karakter Mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung, penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan cara menyebar kuesioner kepada 50 mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung. Hasilnya sebanyak 92% mahasiswa menyetujui jika cara berbusana mereka dalam berpakaian sesuai dengan kepribadian individu masing-masing. Ini artinya, mereka memilih pakaian sesuai dengan warna, model, gaya, desain dan nilai estetika yang dirasa sesuai dengan kepribadian mereka. Sehingga benar adanya jika gaya berpakaian menjadi bentuk ekspresi diri karakter mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung.

Kata Kunci: Pakaian, Gaya, Karakter, Ekspresi Diri, Kepribadian
Wayang Kulit di Ghriya Ukir Kulit Dusun Gendeng Yogyakarta
Authors: Komariah Arfiati Nurul
Published: October 2024

Kerajinan wayang kulit dikembangkan di beberapa tempat di Dusun Gendeng, namun penulis lebih
tertarik dengan salah satu perajin yang hingga saat ini masih aktif dan memiliki cukup banyak
karyawan. Perajin tersebut berlokasi di Dusun Gendeng, Bangunjiwo, Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh ketertarikan masyarakat terhadap wayang
kulit pada zaman sekarang, terutama bagi masyarakat di Dusun Gendeng dan mengetahui sistem
pembagian kerja para perajin di dalam membuat kerajinan yang terbuat dari bahan kulit perkamen
(mentah). Metode penelitian yang dilakukan oleh penulis adalah metode penelitian kualitatif
yang berperan pasif. Kemudian hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah didapatkannya
pengetahuan mengenai bahan apa saja yang digunakan dan setiap perajin melakukan pekerjaan
yang berbeda-beda sesuai dengan kemampuannya.

Kata Kunci: Kerajinan Wayang Kulit, Dusun Gendeng, Pembagian Kerja
Penguatan Karakter Kearifan Lokal Berbasis Budaya Visual Melalui Mata Pelajaran Seni Budaya dan Keterampilan (SBK) Bagi Siswa Kelas Vi MIN 1 Kerinci
Authors: Zulmaheti Zulmaheti
Published: October 2024

The character strengthening referred to in this study is related to the development of three domains, namely moral knowledge, moral feeling, and moral behaviors that should be instilled from an early age. Schools are one of the educational institutions that play a crucial role in character strengthening
efforts for students, which can be carried out through the learning process in the classroom, including the subject of Arts and Culture Skills (SBK). The focus of this research is the process of character strengthening based on local wisdom for sixth-grade students at MIN 1 Kerinci, which is based on the
visual culture of the local area, namely Kerinci Regency. The method used in this research is qualitative method with a descriptive study approach. This study seek to provide a comprehensive description regarding the character strengthening of local wisdom based on visual culture for students in the learning process of Arts and Culture Skills (SBK).

Keywords: Character, Local Wisdom. Visual Culture, Art and Culture Skills.

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Penguatan karakter yang dimaksudkan dalam penelitian ini berkaitan dengan pengembangan tiga ranah yaitu pengetahuan moral, perasaan moral, dan perilaku moral siswa yang harus ditanamkan sejak dini. Sekolah merupakan salah satu lembaga pendidikan yang berperan penting dalam upaya
penguatan karakter bagi siswa yang dapat dilakukan dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas, salah satunya ialah melalui Mata Pelajaran Seni Budaya dan Keterampilan (SBK). Fokus dari penelitian ini ialah proses penguatan karakter kearifan lokal bagi siswa kelas VI MIN 1 Kerinci yang berbasis budaya visual yang dimiliki oleh daerah setempat yaitu Kabupaten Kerinci. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi deskriptif dengan tujuan untuk memberi gambaran secara komprehensif berkaitan dengan penguatan karakter kearifan lokal budaya visual bagi siswa yang dilakukan dalam proses pembelajaran Seni Budaya dan Keterampilan (SBK).

Kata Kunci: Karakter, Kearifan Lokal, Budaya Visual, Seni Budaya dan Keterampilan
PENGEMBANGAN STILASI MOTIF WADASAN CIREBON SEBAGAI PROSES KREATIF MAHASISWA (Studi Kasus pada Mata Kuliah Studio IV Prodi Tata Rias Busana ISBI Bandung)
Authors: Handayani Wuri , Marlianti Mira , Nurfathonah Selvia Septiani
Published: October 2024

One of the lecturers’ efforts is to conduct research to improve the quality of learning which is carried out systematically and under control. This research is based on field analysis that shows students’ understanding of the wadasan batik motif as a traditional motif native to Cirebon which is considered very worthy of developing innovative stylization of the motif by students. This stylization development effort aims to increase students’ understanding and skills in creating innovative works of Cirebon wadasan motifs. Starting with providing material on the history of Cirebon batik and an introduction to its traditional motifs, which will be used as a Project Based Learning class action method where the lecturer acts as a facilitator who helps students in providing direct references and guiding the learning process. The method used in this research is the stylization method in exploration, design and realization. As a result of the process of presenting material in class, students focused their interest on the Cirebon wadasan form to be used as a variant of the modern style wadasan motif. Through this method, students produce four (4) wadasan motif modules which will become digital batik cloth works.

Keywords: Cirebon Batik, wadasan, stylization, student creative process

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Salah satu upaya dosen adalah melakukan penelitian guna meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan secara sistematis dan terkendali. Penelitian kali ini berdasarkan analisa lapangan bahwa pemahaman mahasiswa akan motif batik wadasan sebagai motif tradisional asli Cirebon yang dinilai sangat layak dikembangkan stilasi inovasi motifnya oleh mahasiswa. Upaya pengembangan stilasi ini bertujuan meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan mahasiswa dalam menciptakan karya inovasi motif wadasan Cirebon. Diawali dengan pemberian materi sejarah batik Cirebon dan pengenalan motif motif tradisinya, yang akan digunakan sebagai metode tindakan kelas Project Based Learning di mana dosen bertindak sebagai fasilitator yang membantu mahasiswa dalam memberikan mengarahkan referensi dan mengaping proses pembelajarannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode stilasi dalam eksplorasi, perancangan dan perwujudan. Hasil dari proses pemaparan materi dikelas, mahasiswa memfokuskan ketertarikannya kepada bentuk wadasan Cirebon untuk dijadikan sebagai varian motif wadasan bergaya modern. Melalui metode tersebut mahasiswa menghasilkan empat (4) modul motif wadasan yang akan menjadi karya kain batik digital.

Kata Kunci : Batik Cirebon, wadasan, stilasi, Proses Kreatif mahasiswa