bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUÊNCIA DA PROPAGANDA TELEVISIVA DE ALIMENTOS NO COMPORTAMENTO DO CONSUMIDOR INFANTIL
Authors: Moraes de Oliveira Danilo , Ravelli Elizeu Maciel Wilson , Caldeira Sanches Arthur , Gomes Casagranda Yasmin
Published: August 2022

O tipo de mídia mais comum usado para atingir o público infantil é a televisão, e é por este meio que as empresas procuram conquistar mais consumidores infantis e conservá-los fiéis à marca, principalmente no que diz respeito a alimentos, sendo este o campo de estudo da presente pesquisa, a qual teve por objetivo identificar os fatores determinantes da influência da propaganda televisiva de alimentos no comportamento do consumidor infantil. Para tanto, foi conduzida uma pesquisa empírica, de caráter quantitativo-descritivo, com 283 crianças, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 7 e 11 anos, devidamente autorizadas a responder um questionário estruturado adaptado para crianças. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada Estatística descritiva, Teste Qui-quadrado e Regressão Logística Binária. Através destes, foi possível a criação de um modelo estatístico, que que revela que, quanto mais as crianças concordam que a propaganda na televisão tem intenção de persuadir, mais elas podem ser influenciadas por esse tipo de mídia; também, quanto mais as crianças concordam que a propaganda na televisão tem intenção de entreter, mais a propaganda as influencia e; quanto maior o desejo evidente de compra após assistir à propaganda, mais a criança pode ser influenciada.
THE STRUGGLE OF THE ACEH DAYAH ULAMA ASSOCIATION (HUDA) IN PRESERVING THE DOCTRINE OF AHLUSUNNAH WALJAMAAH IN ACEH
Authors: Syafieh Syafieh , Nur Afrizal
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This study discusses the Aceh Dayah Ulama Association (HUDA), which traditionalist Islamic groups use as an organization that maintains the dominant Islamic ideology by using the dayah network as the basis of the religious movement. By using the theory of religious movement, through participatory observations, in-depth interviews with HUDA administrators and the Acehnese people as well as a study of the literature, this paper ultimately demonstrates the ability of the dayah ulama to use HUDA as networking among the dayah scholars as evidence of a scientific genealogy among the Dayah scholars in Aceh. In addition, HUDA is used by dayah ulama to strengthen the hegemony of traditionalist Islam as a group that has religious authority amid the rise of Wahhabi-Salafi schools in Aceh and as political bargaining with the government to determine the direction of government policy in religious matters. This article only discusses the dayah ulama members of HUDA and their strategies in defending the Ahlusunnah waljamâ‘ah doctrine.
 
Abstrak: Kajian ini membahas tentang Himpunan Ulama Dayah Aceh (HUDA) yang digunakan oleh kelompok Islam tradisionalis sebagai organisasi yang mempertahankan ideologi Islam dominan dengan menggunakan jaringan dayah sebagai basis gerakan keagamaan. Dengan menggunakan teori religious movement, melalui observasi partisipatoris, wawancara mendalam kepada pengurus HUDA dan masyarakat Aceh serta studi kepustakaan, tulisan ini pada akhirnya menunjukkan kemampuan ulama dayah menggunakan HUDA sebagai networking antar ulama dayah sebagai bukti adanya genealogi keilmuan di kalangan ulama Dayah di Aceh. Di samping itu, HUDA digunakan oleh ulama dayah untuk memperkuat hegemoni Islam tradisionalis sebagai kelompok yang mempunyai otoritas keagamaan di tengah-tengah maraknya aliran Wahabi-Salafi di Aceh serta sebagai bargaining politik dengan pemerintah untuk menentukan arah kebijakan pemerintah dalam hal persoalan keagamaan. Artikel ini hanya membahas ulama dayah yang tergabung dalam HUDA dan strategi mereka dalam mempertahankan doktrin Ahlusunnah Waljamaah.
 
Keywords: Ulama, Religious Social Movement, Aswaja, Aceh, Indonesia
Literature Review: Model Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) Pada Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Hainun Hainun , Haeruddin Haeruddin , Basir Abdul
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan Model Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) pada pembelajaran matematika dan untuk mengetahui keefektifan model Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) dalam pembelajaran matematika dalam penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat studi literatur yang menggunakan jurnal-jurnal dan literatur lainnya sebagai objek penelitian yang utama. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dari artikel penelitian terkait teori-teori model pembelajaran POGIL. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis isi (content analysis) dengan pengambilan pandangan yang sesuai. Model pembelajaran POGIL secara umum menggunakan 3 tahapan, 5 tahapan dan 7 tahapan. Model POGIL yang menggunakan 3 tahapan melewatkan orientasi dan evaluasi pada penerapannya, sedangkan model pembelajaran dengan 5 tahapan merupakan penggabungan dari 7 tahapan model POGIL yang memiliki kesamaan dalam aktivitas pembelajarannya. Dari 13 penelitian yang dianalisis, ada 5 penelitian yang meneliti keefektifan model pembelajaran POGIL dan semuanya mengemukakan bahwa model POGIL efektif jika diterapkan pada pembelajaran matematika dan 8 penelitian lainnya lebih mengarah kepada pengaruh model pembelajaran POGIL terhadap tingkatan kemampuan siswa.
Metástasis parietal de neoplasia intraabdominal
Authors: Aparicio-López Daniel , Estrada-Lázaro Irene Marta
Published: August 2022

Los sarcomas uterinos corresponden al 7-8 % de todas las neoplasias uterinas1. La edad promedio de presentación es entre la cuarta y quinta década de la vida. Su diagnóstico suele ser tardío porque sus manifestaciones clínicas son inespecíficas y silentes. Histológicamente los sarcomas se dividen en carcinosarcomas (50 %), leiomiosarcomas (30 %), sarcomas del estroma endometrial (15 %) y sarcomas indiferenciados (5 %) 2.
Tahan atau pikir kembali: Strategi regulasi emosi dan kepuasan pernikahan pada masa pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Angelica Febi Ayu Milka , Himawan Karel Karsten
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The high divorce rate in Indonesia becomes a social phenomenon, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pandemic situation puts tension on married life, which can reduce marital satisfaction which is one of the predictors of divorce. This quantitative study aims to explore the influence of each emotion regulation strategy, namely cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression on marital satisfaction among married individuals in Indonesia. This study was conducted on 166 participants using Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) (α reappraisal = 0,676, α suppression = 0,729) and Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) (α = 0,827) to measure emotion regulation strategy and marital satisfaction of each participant. Data from a sample were analyzed with multiple hierarchy regression tests, Pearson correlation, and independent sample t-test. The results showed that cognitive reappraisal strategies contributed significantly to marital satisfaction, and expressive suppression contributed significantly only to men, while in women there was no meaningful contribution. This study is expected to provide useful findings in regulating emotions in couples, especially those that are gender sensitive, in order to increase marital satisfaction.

Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; emotion regulation strategy; marital satisfaction

 

Abstrak

Tingginya angka perceraian di Indonesia menjadi fenomena sosial, khususnya di masa pandemi COVID-19. Situasi pandemi memberikan tekanan dalam kehidupan pernikahan, sehingga dapat menurunkan kepuasan pernikahan yang merupakan salah satu prediktor dari perceraian. Penelitian kuantitatif ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengeksplor pengaruh masing-masing strategi regulasi emosi, yaitu cognitive reappraisal dan expressive suppression terhadap kepuasan pernikahan pada individu menikah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 166 partisipan dengan menggunakan Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) (α reappraisal = 0,676, α suppression = 0,729) dan Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) (α = 0,827) untuk mengukur strategi regulasi emosi dan kepuasan pernikahan dari masing-masing partisipan. Data dari sampel dianalisis dengan uji regresi hierarki berganda, korelasi Pearson, dan independent sample t-test. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa strategi cognitive reappraisal memberikan kontribusi yang positif secara signifikan terhadap kepuasan pernikahan dan expressive suppression memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan hanya pada lelaki, sedangkan pada perempuan tidak ditemukan kontribusi yang berarti. Studi ini diharapkan dapat memberi temuan yang bermanfaat dalam meregulasi emosi pada pasangan, khususnya yang sensitif berdasarkan gender, demi meningkatkan kepuasan pernikahan.

Kata Kunci:  kepuasan pernikahan; pandemic COVID-19; strategi regulasi emosi
ANALISIS PENGARUH KETEBALAN RIM 28 MM TERHADAP KEAUSAN PADA RODA GIGI LURUS MENGGUNAKAN MOTOR LISTRIK DI MESIN EXPANDTION BLADDERTYPE
Authors: Laksanawati Ellysa Kusuma , Parta Parta , Prasetyo Rinaldi Dwi
Published: August 2022

Keausan terjadi apabila dua buah benda saling kontak dan saling bergesekan. Roda gigi bagian dari mesin yang berputar yang berguna untuk mentransmisikan daya. Roda gigi memliki gigi-gigi yang saling bersinggungan dengan roda gigi yang lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai keausan roda gigi lurus komposit. Dari data analisa yang dilakukan, keausan rim roda gigi pada variasi beban dan variasi putaran yang diberikan akan mengakibatkan keausan yang berbanding lurus dengan beban yang diberikan dan variasi putaran yang terjadi. Menurut hasil Perhitungan  putaran 900 rpm menggunakan variasi beban 0,1 N, 0,3 N, dan 0,5 N  mendapatkan hasil perhitungan keausan masing masing 0,18 %, 0,28 %, dan 0,35 %. Putaran 1000 rpm menggunakan variasi beban 0,1 N, 0,3 N, dan 0,5 N  mendapatkan hasil perhitungan keausan masing masing 0,35 %, 0,39 %, dan 0,5 %. Putaran 1300 rpm menggunakan variasi beban 0,1 N, 0,3 N, dan 0,5 N  mendapatkan hasil perhitungan keausan masing masing 0,54 %, 0,60 %, dan 0,67 %. Maka dapat dinyatakan bahwa roda gigi yang digunakan aman.
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK BAJA DC 53 PADA DIES HOT CUT MESIN EXTRUDER TWIN SCREW
Authors: Iskandar Ahmad , Johansyah Mochammad , Slamet Rohmat
Published: August 2022

Dalam dunia industri manufacture, mesin extruder banyak digunakan untuk memproduksi kebutuhan rumah tanggga yang berbahan plastik. Dies adalah salah satu komponen di dalam mesin extruder twin screw yang berfungsi sebagai cetakan/alur keluar bahan plastik. Bahan material dalam pembuatan dies harus mempunyai sifat yang keras, ulet, tahan terhadap gesekan. Salah satu bahan yang mempunyai sifat itu ialah baja DC 53. Untuk mendapatkan performa dies berbahan baja DC 53, perlu dilakukan perlakuan panas. Hasil pengujian karakteristik kekerasan material dihasilkan kekerasan rata rata 23.0 HRC dan hasil kekerasan rata rata 63,3 HRC setelah  heat treatment. Hasil pengujian komposisi kimia dihasilkan, kadar carbon yang terkandung di dalam dies sebesar 1,40%, dengan hasil tersebut dies masuk dalam kelompok high carbon steel. Pengujian pemakaian di lapangan dies hot cut mampu menurunkan down time sebesar 220 menit (3,26 jam) selama dua bulan beroperasi terhadap dies import. Untuk kapasitas dies hot cut mampu menekan angka reject sebesar 327 kg, dan performa terhadap ketahanan gesekan, dies hot cut mampu menurunkan angka penggantian cutting sebanyak 109 kali. Secara keseluruhan dies hot cut treatment mampu menurunkan down time, reject, penggantian cutting terhadap dies hot cut import yang selama ini bermasalah.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN MESIN BERKAPASITAS 1200CC HONDA BRIO DAN TOYOTA CALYA
Authors: Fattah Fanni , Efrizal Efrizal , Bahrul Yusuf Fiana
Published: August 2022

Pemilik kendaraan bermotor Honda Brio dan EFI Toyota Calya memiliki pemahaman yang kurang tentang cara kerja sistem kendaraan tersebut. Hal ini menyebabkan kurangnya efisiensi dalam penggunaan bahan bakar berakibat kurangnya tenaga mesin. Tujuannya penilitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis sistem injeksi sistem PGM-FI (Programmed Fuel Injection) dan Sistem EFI pada mesin 1200cc empat silinder, yang meliputi analisis proses kerja daya, torsi, dan emisi gas buang, efisiensi termal, termal daya, dan kerja termal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi kasus dan metode penelitian lapangan. Perbedaan torsi antara brio dan calya pada putaran mesin awal 2250 (Rpm rendah) lebih unggul dari brio 84% menghasilkan 79Nm dibandingkan dengan calya menghasilkan 60Nm dan putaran tinggi 6000 (Rpm penuh) brio menghasilkan 63Nm atau 5% dan calya hanya menghasilkan 60Nm lebih unggul untuk brio. Selisih tenaga antara brio dan calya pada putaran mesin awal (Rpm rendah) adalah 13% lebih unggul dari brio dibandingkan dengan calya serta ketika (Rpm penuh) brio 5% lebih unggul dari calya. Perbedaan hasil Honda Brio dari dynotest dengan hasil pabrikan bedanya di torsi 73,14 % dan di daya 70%. Sedangkan Toyota Calya perbedaan hasil dari pabrikan dengan hasil dynotest bedanya torsi 75,45 %  bedanya dan di daya 68,18 %. Hasil uji emisi gas buang brio lebih ramah lingkungan dengan 167 ppm HC dengan 0,02 CO dibandingkan calya dengan 187 ppm HC dan 0,04 CO analisis termodinamika dan pembahasan masalah yang telah ditentukan, gambaran teoritis kinerja Mesin Brio. Terbukti memiliki tingkat efektifitas dan efisiensi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan mesin Calya yang ukurannya sesuai dengan total displacement 1200cc. Penting untuk memeriksa kondisi mesin mobil secara keseluruhan untuk mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal dalam pengujian. Sehingga setelah dilakukan uji dynotest mesin tidak mengalami kerusakan yang berarti. Perencanaan yang matang dalam pendataan akan mendapatkan hasil yang terbaik agar tidak bekerja 2 kali. Pengembangan inovasi mesin dianjurkan, selalu melalui kegiatan analisis yang cermat, kinerja motor untuk menentukan kinerja mesin.
Desain Rancang Bangun Cooling Tower menggunakan Aplikasi Autocad Skala Laboratorium Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang
Authors: Laksanawati Ellysa Kusuma , Sulaeman Agus , Rosydin Ali
Published: August 2022

Cooling tower merupakan suatu peralatan yang digunakan untuk menurunkan temperatur air dengan cara menguapkan panas air ke atmosfir.  Untuk mendapatkan desain dalam rancang bangun cooling tower skala laboratorium teknik mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang, dilakukan studi literatur dan observasi, selanjutnya desain yang telah jadi, akan menjadi panduan operator dalam proses pengerjaan pada setiap bagian dari cooling tower sampai proses finishing.Berdasarkan hasil analisa desain rancang bangun cooling tower menggunakan aplikasi AutoCad skala laboratorium teknik mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang, maka dapat diperoleh desain tabung cooling tower dan desain stand cooling tower. Berdasarkan dari hasil karya tulis ilmiah tentang “Desain rancang bangun Cooling Tower menggunakan aplikasi AutoCad skala laboratorium teknik mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang” yang telah selesai, maka didapat beberapa kesimpulan, yang pertama adalah desain tabung cooling tower  dan yang kedua adalah desain stand cooling tower, dimana setiap komponen yang di desain memiliki ukuran – ukuran sebagai berikut: Tinggi keseluruhan tabung 97,5 cm, Tinggi water basin 14 cm, Diameter tabung 66 cm, Keliling tabung 210 cm dan Volume water basin 47 liter, ukuran desain stand cooling tower meliputi: Tinggi stand 81 cm, Panjang stand 100 cm dan Lebar stand 144 cm.
Analisis Efisiensi Exhaust Gas Temperatur Setelah Dilakukan Engine Water Wash di Engine CFM56-7B pada Pewawat Boeing 737-800NG
Authors: Effendi Yafid , Ardian M Arief Alfi , Amin Sangaji Yusuf
Published: August 2022

Peranan dan fungsi pesawat terbang merupakan transportasi udara bagi Indonesia mempunyai posisi strategis ditinjau dari berbagai aspek. Transportasi udara merupakan satu-satunya alternatif yang cepat, efisien dan ekonomis bagi pengangkutan antar pulau dan antar daerah, terutama antar daerah terpencil di pulau-pulau besar luar Jawa. Semakin sering pesawat digunakan maka jam terbangnya juga akan bertambah, tingginya jam terbang berpengaruh pada performa dari setiap komponen pada pesawat. Maka dari itu untuk menjaga Engine tetap dalam keadaan performa yang maksimal dan saling bersinergi, maka dilakukanlah berbagai macam cara perawatan, salah satu perawatannya yaitu Engine water wash. Engine water wash dilakukan setiap 1200 Engine Flight Hour, dimana pengerjaan ini dijadwalkan pada tanggal 23 juni 2021. Perawatan Engine water wash menggunakan alat yang dinamakan Juniper. Alat ini mempunyai hook berbentuk J yang di sangkutkan pada Low Pressure Compressor. Engine akan di dry motoring selama 2 menit kemudian juniper akan menyemprotkan air panas yang bertekanan ke dalam Engine, pengerjaan ini dilakukan berulang hingga 4 kali, diharapkan kotoran yang berada pada bagian dalam Engine akan hilang, sehingga Engine akan berputar lebih maksimal dan efisien. Pada penelitian kali ini pengerjaan Engine water wash terbukti mampu untuk menaikkan efisiensi pada Engine, dimana Efisiensi pada Compressor naik sebesar 2,4% dari yang sebelumnya 97,25% menjadi 99,65%, pada Ruang Bakar naik sebesar 0,72% dari yang sebelumnya 99,18% menjadi 99,90%, pada Turbin naik sebesar 1,65% dari yang sebelumnya 90,60% menjadi 92,25%.Engine water wash juga berfungsi untuk menjaga efisiensi EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperatur), dimana tingkat efisiensi pada Engine EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperatur) naik sebesar 1,76% dari yang sebelumnya 42,59% menjadi 44,35%. Dari penelitian kali ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa, tingkat efisiensi pada tiap komponen dalam Engine mengalami kenaikan setelah dilakukan Engine water wash.
Analisis Perbandingan Laju Perpindahan Panas Filler Material Alumunium dan Plastik pada Cooling Tower
Authors: Jamaludin Jamaludin , Sumarno Sumarno
Published: August 2022

Filler (bahan pengisi) merupakan komponen paling berpengaruh besar terhadap kinerja menara pendingin, dimana kontak antara air dengan udara diperluas dan waktunya diperpanjang. Bentuk Filler yang sering digunakan adalah bentuk inclined honey comb yang terbuat dari lembaran PVC (berbahan plastik) tipis dan hargnya sangat mahal.Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan adalah untuk menentukan bahan filler yang harganya terjangkau dan memiliki tingkat efektifitas sangat tinggi terhadap perpindahan panas yang akan dihasilkan. Filler yang akan dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah filler yang terbuat dari material alumunium. Dimana kita ketahui bahwa material alumunium mempunyai daya penghantar yang lebih besar dibandingkan material plastik.Objek yang akan diuji merupakan menara pendingin yang dibuat khusus oleh penyusun untuk mengetahui data-data dari hasil pengukuran yang akan diuji. Dalam pengukuran ini peneliti lebih menitik beratkan terhadap efektifitas kinerja perpindahan panas filler yang terbuat dari alumunium terhadap menara pendingin.
Assessment of resistance of carbon fiber plastics to corrosive environments
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University), Nelyub V. A. , Tarabrina T. D. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University)
Published: August 2022

The results of structural and mechanical tests of carbon fiber plastics made of carbon tape coated with stainless steel on the basis of an epoxy binder are presented. Carbon fiber specimens were made, using the infusion technology with various curing technologies. The finished specimens were kept in a 7% NaCl solution and the interlayer shear strength and microstructure were evaluated. As a result of the conducted study, it was found that the use of the modified vacuum infusion technology ensures the high quality of the carbon fiber plastics.
Assessment of manufacturability of materials used in production and repair of machines that are resistant to prolonged exposure to corrosive environments
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University), Bulanaeva—Klimova N. Yu. , Guzeva T. A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University), Malysheva G. V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University)
Published: August 2022

The assessment methodology for manufacturability of fiberglass parts in conditions of small-scale and repair production is given. Materials based on epoxy binders, the curing of which takes place at elevated temperature, were used as objects of the investigation. To compare manufacturability of various molding processes, composites based on dispersed fillers and thermoplastic matrices are also considered. The results of expert assessments of manufacturability are presented, which show that molding processes consisting of similar technological operations in terms of content, differ significantly in cost and material intensity.
The Relationship between DKPP and PTUN Decisions regarding Ethical Violation by General Election Administrators
Authors: Siboy Ahmad , Cahyandari Dewi
Published: August 2022

The commissioner of the general election administration was discharged through the decision of the General Election Administrator Honorary Council (DKPP). The decision is not final and binding at the executive branch, considering that the decision can be cancelled by the Administrative Court. This study aims to define the authority of DKPP and PTUN in resolving ethical violations committed by election administrators and parse the implications and relationships of the decisions of the two institutions. This paper also proposes an ideal concept for the design of solving ethical violations of election administrators in the future. This study uses normative juridical methods. The results showed that the DKPP and PTUN have overlapping authority but with different decisions. DKPP purely adjudicates ethical issues, and the Administrative Court adjudicates the Presidential Decree, which is a follow-up to the DKPP decision. To avoid conflicting decisions on cases that intersect, violations of the code of ethics in the future must be resolved with a settlement mechanism by the judiciary.
Keinformatifan Laba Pada Perusahaan Sektor Farmasi: Pertumbuhan Aset, Leverage, Dan Penghindaran Pajak
Authors: Firmansyah Amrie , Windara Prima Falaqia , Nugrahani Yulina Wilujeng , Lutvian Sigit
Published: August 2022

Keinformatifan laba terkait dengan kemampuan laba dalam menjelaskan informasi kondisi perusahaan di pasar modal seperti harga saham dan return saham yang biasa dinyatakan dalam koefisien respon laba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pertumbuhan aset, leverage, penghindaran pajak terhadap tingkat keinformatifan laba. Metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data triwulanan perusahaan sektor farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode triwulan 1 tahun 2018 sampai dengan triwulan 3 tahun 2021. Data penelitian diperoleh dari www.idnfinancials.com dan www.finance.yahoo.com. Total sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian berjumlah 109 observasi berdasarkan purposive sampling. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi linier berganda untuk data cross-section. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan aset berpengaruh negatif terhadap keinformatifan laba. Sementara itu, leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap keinformatifan laba. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa penghindaran pajak berpengaruh positif terhadap keinformatifan laba. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi atas literatur koefisien respon laba dengan menggunakan data triwulanan yang masih jarang diulas dalam penelitian sebelumnya.
Pencatatan Transaksi Pemanfaatan Barang Kena Pajak Tidak Berwujud Atau Jasa Kena Pajak Dari Luar Daerah Pabean
Authors: Marsono Marsono , Muamarah Hanik Susilawati
Published: August 2022

Transaksi pemanfaatan barang kena pajak tidak berwujud (BKPTB) atau jasa kena pajak (JKP) dari luar daerah pabean merupakan transaksi yang dikenakan pajak pertambahan nilai (PPN). Transaksi ini berbeda dengan transaksi pemungutan PPN dengan mekanisme umum karena pelunasannya dengan penyetoran sendiri, bukan melalui pemungutan pihak lain, sehingga pencatatannya seharusnya juga berbeda. Sayangnya, sangat sedikit referensi yang membahas secara detail mengenai pencatatan transaksi ini. Agar tujuan akuntansi perpajakan terpenuhi, salah satunya untuk menyediakan informasi yang berguna dalam pemenuhan kewajiban perpajakan, harus dipilih metode pencatatan yang paling tepat. Tulisan ini menyajikan sekaligus merekomendasikan metode pencatatan yang bisa meminimalkan terjadinya kesalahan informasi dan risiko pengenaan sanksi. Pemilihan ini berdasarkan telaah atas literatur akuntansi perpajakan dan ketentuan perpajakan yang berlaku. Berdasarkan hasil telaah, penulis berkesimpulan bahwa transaksi pemanfaatan BKPTB dan JKP dari luar daerah pabean akan lebih tepat jika dicatat dengan metode yang berbeda dengan transaksi objek PPN dengan mekanisme umum. Pencatatan yang direkomendasikan ialah dengan akun PPN Masukan Belum Dibayar di sisi debit dan akun Utang PPN-Pemanfaatan BKPTB/JKP dari Luar Daerah Pabean di sisi kredit. Metode ini meminimalkan risiko kesalahan penafsiran dari catatan akuntansi dibanding metode pencatatan yang lain.
Network neuroscience untethered: brain-wide immediate early gene expression for the analysis of functional connectivity in freely behaving animals
Authors: Terstege Dylan J , Epp Jonathan
Published: August 2022

Studying how spatially discrete neuroanatomical regions across the brain interact is critical to advancing our understanding of the brain. Traditional neuroimaging techniques have led to many important discoveries about the nature of these interactions, termed functional connectivity. However, in animal models these traditional neuroimaging techniques have generally been limited to anesthetized or head-fixed setups or examination of small subsets of neuroanatomical regions. Using the brain-wide expression density of immediate early genes (IEG), we can assess brain-wide functional connectivity underlying a wide variety of behavioural tasks in freely behaving animal models. Here we provide an overview of the necessary steps required to perform IEG-based analyses of functional connectivity. We also outline important considerations when designing such experiments and demonstrate the implications of these considerations using an IEG-based network dataset generated for the purpose of this review.
The Mechanisms of Switching and Synchronization in Heteroclinic Networks of Biological Systems and Their Applications in Control Theory
Authors: Gadda Navjot Singh
Published: August 2022

Heteroclinic networks have been proposed to describe, at low speeds, complex interaction phenomena. This paper explores their possible applications in controlling dynamical systems. First the principles of heteroclinic interactions with delay and with bifurcations, when applied for the description of biochemical reactions are discussed. Then examples using a classical model of chaotic membrane in biological brains are presented which show how switching is a basic interaction mechanism which can easily be used for control applications. It is shown that the mechanism of switching, as predicted by the theory, is also a mechanism for synchronization. In the intermediate part of the paper the application of the theory to biological models with discrete time is discussed. It is shown that it is possible to derive a simple procedure for simulating the switching dynamics and that the effect of noise on this process can be studied. It is also shown that the interaction of these different types of oscillators gives rise to some simple rules for control.
Microcomputer or micromatrix? (historiography VI:5)
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: August 2022

Computer science and technology : historiography VI (5). Felsenstein and Osborne, the BBC computer programme...
学習者コーパス研究におけるマルチレベル順序ロジットモデルの活用
Authors: Kobayashi Yuichiro
Published: August 2022

言語習得研究では，学習者の習熟度を客観的に予測する指標が大きな関心を集めている。そして，そのような発達指標の特定には，学習者コーパスの活用が有効である。コーパスを用いた発達指標の研究では，慣習的に仮説検定が用られることが多いが，近年の言語研究では，回帰分析に基づく言語習得のモデル化が提唱されている。そのような流れの中で，本稿では，(a) 言語習得における母語やタスクの影響を統制できる，(b) 習熟度のような順序尺度のデータを統計的に適切な形で取り扱える，(c) 集団レベルだけではなく個人レベルの分析も行うことができる，などの利点を持つマルチレベル順序ロジットモデルを，実際のデータに基づく活用事例とともに紹介する。また，Rでマルチレベル順序ロジットモデルを実行するためのコードも示す。
Using an expert survey and user feedback to construct PRECHECK: A checklist to evaluate preprints on COVID-19 and beyond
Authors: Turoman Nora , Heyard Rachel , Schwab Simon , Furrer Eva , Vergauwe Evie , Held Leonhard
Published: August 2022

Background: The quality of COVID-19 preprints should be considered with great care, as their contents can influence public policy. Efforts to improve preprint quality have mostly focused on introducing quick peer review, but surprisingly little has been done to calibrate the public’s evaluation of preprints and their contents. Purpose: The PRECHECK project aimed to generate a tool to teach and guide scientifically literate non-experts to critically evaluate preprints, on COVID-19 and beyond. Methods: To create a checklist, we applied a 4-step procedure consisting of an initial internal review, an external review by a pool of experts (methodologists, meta-researchers/experts on preprints, journal editors, and science journalists), a final internal review, and an implementation stage. For the external review step, experts rated the relevance of each element of the checklist on five-point Likert scales, and provided written feedback. After each internal review round, we applied the checklist on a set of high-quality preprints from an online list of milestone research works on COVID-19 and low-quality preprints, which were eventually retracted, to verify whether the checklist can discriminate between the two categories. Results: At the external review step, 26 of the 54 contacted experts responded. The final checklist contained 4 elements (Research question, Study type, Transparency and integrity, and Limitations), with ‘superficial’ and ‘deep’ levels for evaluation. When using both levels of evaluation, the checklist was effective at discriminating high- from low-quality preprints. Its usability was confirmed in workshops with our target audience: Bachelors students in Psychology and Medicine, and science journalists.Conclusions: We created a simple, easy-to-use tool for helping scientifically literate non-experts navigate preprints with a critical mind. We believe that our checklist has great potential to help guide decisions about the quality of preprints on COVID-19 in our target audience and that this extends beyond COVID-19.
Meteorological Drivers of Resource Adequacy Failures in Current and High Renewable Western U.S. Power Systems
Authors: Sundar Srihari , Craig Michael , Payne Ashley , Brayshaw David , Lehner Flavio
Published: August 2022

Power system resource adequacy (RA), or its ability to continually balance energy supply and demand, underpins human and economic health. How meteorology affects RA and RA failures, particularly with increasing penetrations of renewables, is poorly understood. We characterize large-scale circulation patterns that drive RA failures in the Western U.S. at increasing wind and solar penetrations by integrating power system and synoptic meteorology methods. At up to 60% renewable penetration and across analyzed weather years, three high pressure patterns drive nearly all RA failures. The highest pressure anomaly is the dominant driver, accounting for 20-100% of risk hours and 43-100% of cumulative risk at 60% renewable penetration. The three high pressure patterns exhibit positive surface temperature anomalies, mixed surface solar radiation anomalies, and negative wind speed anomalies across our region, which collectively increase demand and decrease supply. Our characterized meteorological drivers align with meteorology during the California 2020 rolling blackouts, indicating continued vulnerability of power systems to these impactful weather patterns as renewables grow.
Down-delta hydraulic geometry and its application to the rock record
Authors: Prasojo Octria , Hoey Trevor , Williams Richard , Owen Amanda
Published: August 2022

Paleodischarge estimation is largely undertaken within fluvial settings, and there are limited paleodischarge estimates specifically from delta deposits, despite their significance globally. Making water paleodischarge estimates for deltas using catchment-based approaches developed using data from fluvial settings requires estimation of parameters from the rock record (e.g. paleotemperature, paleoslope, paleorelief) that may be difficult to determine, and may lead to under- or over-estimation of paleodischarge values due to differences in process-form relationships between alluvial rivers and deltas. When a sediment-conveying fluvial channel starts to debouch into a standing body of water, delta lobes develop through repeating mouth bar deposition due to flow deceleration, forming a deltaic morphology with distributary channel networks that differ morphologically from those developed in unidirectional flowing alluvial rivers. This study provides empirical relationships determined across five climate regions, using 3823 measurements of distributary channel width from 66 river deltas alongside their bankfull discharge, by applying the concept of hydraulic geometry. Empirical relationships are developed from the global delta dataset between bankfull discharge and catchment area (Qb-A) and also bankfull discharge and distributary channel width (Qb-w). These empirical relationships produce very strong statistical correlations, especially between Qb and w, across different climate regions (Qb = 0.34w1.48, R2 = 0.77). However, both Qb-A and Qb-w relationships have outliers that may be explained by particular hydrological or geomorphic conditions. These new empirical relationships derived from modern systems are applied to Cretaceous outcrops (Ferron Sandstone, Dunvegan and McMurray formations). The comparatively simple scaling relationships derived here produced paleodischarge estimates within the same order of magnitude as the paleodischarge values derived from existing, more complex approaches. Our study contributes to source-to-sink investigations by enabling paleodischarge estimates that intrinsically account for climate impacts on channel geometry at the time of deposition, using measurements of channel width or catchment area of a deltaic outcrop.
Fingerprinting construction sand supply-networks for traceable sourcing
Authors: Sickmann Zach , Lammers Nicholas , Torres Aurora
Published: August 2022

Globally increasing demand for construction sand needs to be met with transparent and responsible supply-networks. Currently, there are no scalable methods for tracing construction sand distribution without direct observation. We examined sand “fingerprinting” as a potential tool to trace construction sand supply-networks from “source to sink” in a case study from Texas, USA. Both natural bulk major element and optical petrography fingerprints are preserved through construction sand processing and transport such that sand can be tied back to its original mining source even at the final point of distribution. Additionally, we developed an image analysis model called sandID that is ~90% effective at determining the original mining source of sand in the study area. Our results demonstrate that sand fingerprinting, has untapped potential to support traceability and certification schemes and to support monitoring and enforcement in areas where there are concerns about illegal, illicit or simply unknown construction sand sourcing.
Anxiety as a disorder of uncertainty: Implications for understanding maladaptive anxiety, anxious avoidance, and exposure therapy
Authors: Brown Vanessa M , Price Rebecca , Dombrovski Alexandre
Published: August 2022

In cognitive-behavioral conceptualizations of anxiety, exaggerated threat expectancies underlie maladaptive anxiety. This view has led to successful treatments, notably exposure therapy, but is not consistent with the empirical literature on learning and choice alterations in anxiety. Empirically, anxiety is better described as a disorder of uncertainty learning. How disruptions in uncertainty lead to impairing avoidance and are treated with exposure-based methods, however, is unclear. Here, we integrate concepts from neurocomputational learning models with clinical literature on exposure therapy to propose a new framework for understanding maladaptive uncertainty functioning in anxiety. Specifically, we propose that anxiety disorders are fundamentally disorders of uncertainty learning and that successful treatments, particularly exposure therapy, work by remediating maladaptive avoidance from dysfunctional explore/exploit decisions in uncertain, potentially aversive situations. This framework reconciles several inconsistencies in the literature and provides a path forward to better understand and treat anxiety.
Self-Esteem Development and Life Events: A Review and Integrative Process Framework
Authors: Reitz Anne K.
Published: August 2022

Self-esteem is a pervasive individual characteristic with major consequences for people’s lives. Recent research demonstrated normative change and substantial individual differences in change across the lifespan, which triggered great interest in the sources of self-esteem development. This article provides an overview of the present state of the field of self-esteem development. First, to gain a comprehensive picture, I reviewed findings of different change indicators: mean-level change, individual differences in change, rank-order stability, and state (fluctuations). Second, I reviewed theory and empirical evidence on self-esteem change in response to normative and non-normative life events in the domains school/work and social relationships. Third, I reviewed theory and empirical evidence on situational processes and psychological mechanisms of self-esteem development. I integrated theoretical approaches from lifespan, personality developmental, and social-personality psychology in a process-oriented framework of self-esteem development in response to life events. Finally, I discussed directions for theoretical and methodological advancements.
Permitting immoral behavior: A generalized compensation belief hypothesis
Authors: Wang Xijing , Chen Zhansheng , Van Tongeren Daryl R. , DeWall C. Nathan , Yang Fan
Published: August 2022

When are we more likely to permit immoral behaviors? The current research examined a generalized compensation belief hypothesis that individuals, as observers, would morally tolerate and accept someone paying forward unfair treatment to an innocent person as a means to compensate for the perpetrator's previously experienced mistreatment. Across five experiments (N = 1,107) based on economic games (Studies 1–4) and diverse real-life scenarios (Study 5), we showed that participants, as observing third parties, were more likely to morally permit and engage in the same negative act once they knew about previous maltreatment of the perpetrator. This belief occurred even when the content of received and paid forward maltreatment was nonidentical (Study 2), when the negative treatment was received from a nonhuman target (Study 3), and when the maltreatment was intangible (e.g., material loss) or relational (e.g., social exclusion; Study 5). Perceived required compensation mediated the effect of previous maltreatment on moral permission (Studies 4 and 5). The results consistently suggest that people’s moral permission of immoral behaviors is influenced by perpetrator’s previous mistreatment, contributing to a better understanding of the nature and nuances of our sense of fairness and contextualized moral judgment.
The prevalence and associated factors for self-harm and suicide ideation among Chinese Indonesians during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Prawira Benny , Liem Andrian , Yulianto Jony Eko , Han Jin
Published: August 2022

Background: This study aimed to identify the associated factors of self-harm and suicide ideation among Chinese Indonesians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A non-random sampling was performed through a nationwide online survey in Indonesia (May-June 2021). The online survey covered participants’ demographic information, suicide literacy, suicide stigma, loneliness, and self-harm and suicide ideation. A series of t-tests, Chi-squares, and hierarchical logistic regressions with the backward-stepwise method were used to identify the factors associated with self-harm and suicide ideation. Responses from a total of 484 Chinese Indonesians were analyzed in this study.Results: The predictive model showed a significant goodness-of-fit to the observed data (x2[17]=174.1, p<.001; RN2=.41). Chinese Indonesians with an average monthly income of ≥USD 843 were found to be 0.23 (95% CI=0.07-0.99) times less likely to experience self-harm and suicide ideation than those who did not have an income. A one-point increase in the intensity of suicide glorification and loneliness were associated with 3.06 and 3.67 increase in the chance of experiencing self-harm and suicide ideation, respectively. Conclusion: One-third of Chinese Indonesians self-reported self-harm and suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health and suicide prevention intervention programs are recommended to target those with low-socioeconomic status, high glorification towards suicide, and high perceived loneliness.
Linking Race and Genes: Racial Conceptualization among Genetic Ancestry Test-Takers
Authors: Hu Olivia , Lu Xiang , Roth Wendy D.
Published: August 2022

Scholarship on racial conceptualization has largely overlooked the impact of the genomic revolution on the public. As genomic research has increasingly focused on small amounts of variation between ancestral groups, it may promote beliefs in racial essentialism. Genetic ancestry tests are one of the primary ways the consequences of the genomic revolution are communicated to laypersons, necessitating a better understanding of how test-takers conceptualize race. We analyze 108 interviews with U.S. and Canadian test-takers to inductively examine how they conceptualize the connection between race and genes. We present a typology of race concepts that moves beyond a dichotomy and toward a continuum between essentialism and constructivism. We also analyze patterns in racial conceptualization across respondent characteristics. Our findings have important implications for how social scientists teach about race; in particular, we advocate constructivist models that are both consistent with scientific evidence and more intuitive for the public to understand.
Virtual Reality in the Social Sciences
Authors: Oppermann Daniel
Published: August 2022

In the social sciences, teaching methods, approaches and tools have advanced over the past decades. This progress, however, has mostly taken place on a theoretical level. Very few of the ideas and findings were implemented in class. A typical class in the social sciences remains in a lecture format with hardly any technology besides slides. There are several reasons why courses like Political Science, International Relations and others have not implemented more of the methodological and technological progress that has taken place in the 20th and 21st century so far. While the COVID19 pandemic that started in 2020 has caused a major step forward towards acceptance of technologies in the social sciences there are more tools and devices that will bring further experiences to the discipline in the near future. One of the technologies that is entering higher education now is Virtual Reality (VR). This chapter will explore VR as a technology, discuss its application in higher education and analyse its contemporary and future role in the social sciences.
Visualization of soil microbiological processes using a light microscope. Part 2. Observing the fungi participation in the formation of new soil organic matter
Authors:   Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the RAS, Danilova A.A. , Petrov А.А. ,   North-Eastern Federal University, Institute of Applied Ecology of the North
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study was to describe how the initial stage of soil organic matter formation with the participation of fungi looks like in microbial landscapes. Location and time of the study. The studies were carried out in 2018-2021. The objects of study: 1) leached chernozem (Luvic Chernozem), the forest-steppe of the Ob region (54°53'13.5" N and 82°59'36.7" E); 2) agro gray soil (Luvic Greyzemic Phaeozem) under perennial culture of Miscunthus sacchariflorus, the forest-steppe of the Ob region (54°53'13,5" N and 82°59'36,7" E); 3) a complex of permafrost alas soils (Cryosols) of varying degrees of pasture digression, Lena-Amga interfluve (62°33'24.3" N and 130°54'01.4" E); 4) cryogenic meadow-chernozem (Cryosol) soils on the high terrace of the Lena River near the city of Yakutsk (62°08'51" N, 129°45'45" E); and 5) Young soils on dumps after gold and tin mining in polar Yakutia (69°18'02,61'' N, 139°55'35,89'' E). Methodology. The duration of glass slide exposure in field conditions ranged from a growing season to a year. To monitor the formation of new soil organic matter, glass slides were exposed for a year in moist soil samples at a constant temperature of +2oC. After exposure, the glass slides were dried, fixed, stained with carbolic erythrosine (5%), and examined microscopically at magnification of x40-x1000. We studied 50 fields of vision on one glass slide (3 slides on each variant). The snapshots were taken using Primo Star Zeiss microscope with an Axiocam105 color video camera. Results. Visually, the formation of a new soil organic matter consists of the following stages: development of a fungal hyphae, accumulation of mineral particles in the space around hyphae, braiding of mineral particles with hyphae, formation of fungal fruiting bodies (basidiomata) and formation of globules, consisting of mineral particles, plant residues and fungal fruiting bodies of varying degrees of bacterial processing braided with hyphae of fungi. Conclusions, The study presents one of the possible ways of new organic matter formation in the soils of technogenic landscapes of polar Yakutia. It was shown that young organic matter in these soils consists of the aggregation of fungal fruiting bodies at different stages of bacterial processing.
The Parsimonious Gompertzian Mortality Parameters: Evidence From Advanced Actuarial Numerical Estimation Technique
Authors: Michael Ogungbenle Gbenga
Published: August 2022

Efforts in obtaining distribution function which reasonably models life table functions have always constituted a major challenge in mortality construction and attempts with many estimating functions have not solved the problem. Numerous distribution functions have been experimented for this purpose but do not seem to be of interest because they are not parsimonious in actuarial representation and consequently could not adequately describe mortality table data. In order to overcome this problem, it is possible to estimate parameters by adopting less sophisticated mortality distribution functions. In traditional mortality models like Gompertz function, mortality rate increases exponentially as ages advance chronologically. The parametric estimation is meant to produce an estimated value of μx.
This work aims to estimate the Gompertzian mortality model parameters from a new numerical perspective. We present a parametrization that focuses on actuarial information based on Gompertzian mortality from indirect approach. The paper intends to develop an acceptable level of approximating the Gompertz model parameters for mortality rates. The objectives are to estimate (i) the level of mortality at initial age (ii) the rate of mortality increase across ages (iii) construct the modal age at death and (iv) the ageing rate. In order to compute the parameters, a numerical method that is more advanced than the traditional methods is adopted to demonstrate that the Gompertz model describes the behaviour of mortality trajectory with all its actuarial parameters.