bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genomic incompatibilities in the diploid and tetraploid offspring of the goldfish × common carp cross
Authors: Liu Shaojun , Luo Jing , Chai Jing , Ren Li , Zhou Yi , Huang Feng , Liu Xiaochuan , Chen Yubao , Zhang Chun , Tao Min , Lu Bin , Zhou Wei , Lin Guoliang , Mai Chao , Yuan Shuo , Wang Jun , Li Tao , Qin Qinbo , Feng Hao , Luo Kaikun , Xiao Jun , Zhong Huan , Zhao Rurong , Duan Wei , Song Zhenyan , Wang Yanqin , Wang Jing , Zhong Li , Wang Lu , Ding Zhaoli , Du Zhenglin , Lu Xuemei , Gao Yun , Murphy Robert W. , Liu Yun , Meyer Axel , Zhang Ya-Ping
Published: January 2016

Significance

Why is polyploidization rarer in animals than in plants? This question remains unanswered due to the absence of a suitable system in animals for studying instantaneous polyploidization and the crucial changes that immediately follow hybridization. RNA-seq analyses discover extensive chimeric genes and immediate mutations of orthologs in both diploid and tetraploid offspring of the goldfish (♀) × common carp (♂) hybrids. Overall, diploid offspring show paternal-biased expression, yet tetraploids show maternal-biased expression. Some chimeric and differentially expressed genes relate to crucial functions of normal cell cycle activities, and cancer-related pathways in 2nF
1
. The discovery of fast changes at the levels of chromosomes, genomic DNA, and transcriptomes suggests that allopolyploidization hinders genomic functions in vertebrates, and this conclusion may extend to all animals.
Lectal constraining of lexical collocations
Authors: Tummers Jose , Speelman Dirk , Heylen Kris , Geeraerts Dirk
Published: January 2016

Adopting a corpus-based approach, lexical collocations are reconsidered from a lectal perspective. Analyzing adjective-noun collocations, it will be shown that lexical collocations are conditioned by the language settings in which they are used. These lectal constraints do not only apply to lexical collocations as a measure of lexical association but also to their potential function as a determinant of other constructions. These results argue for the inclusion of the heterogeneity of the corpus settings in empirical linguistic models and for the integration of a full-fledged lectal dimension in theoretical frameworks advocating a usage-based methodology, such as construction grammar.
Introduction.
Authors: Artal-Tur A. , Kozak M.
Published: January 2016

This introductory chapter outlines the structure of this book which draws attention to the centrality of the environmental dimension in tourism and how it is currently reshaping the subjects of destination competitiveness and sustainability.
Creativity and city tourism repositioning: the case of Valencia, Spain.
Authors: Nácher Escriche J. M. , SimóTomás P.
Published: January 2016

This chapter investigates the capacity of creativity in reshaping the city tourism product for Valencia (Spain), an emerging creative urban destination. Creative activities induce an urban interaction between visitors and residents. Urban planning strategies show a growing interest of public authorities in promoting creative districts of the city as tourism destinations, given the boost experienced by cultural and city tourism in the past years. In this context, and focusing on creative neighbourhoods or urban clusters of the city, the chapter develops and implements a methodology to characterize better the interaction of creative districts and urban travellers.
Visual semantics and destination competitiveness: the case of wedding tourism in Mexico.
Authors: Novo Espinosa de los Monteros G. , Osorio Garcia M.
Published: January 2016

This chapter analyses how visual semantics in tourism marketing can be employed to foster the competitiveness of a destination. It is particularly interested in getting to know how the systematized use of schemas provides meaning to tourism communication and, in the current study case, how new iconic elements are added to the images used to represent tourism. To report on how these new visual semantics are added to the imagery of tourism, a relatively recent tourism product in Mexico is analysed: wedding tourism.
The potential effects of climate change on the tourism industry: a study in Turkey.
Authors: Pİnar M. , Bİrkan I. , Tanİl G. , Uysal M.
Published: January 2016

This chapter investigates the potential effects of climate change and global warming in Turkey. The chapter begins by reviewing the perceptions of hotel managers on the impact of these two salient issues on the tourism industry. Also analysed is the commitment to actions within the industry in order to face the situation. Further, the study tests for the linkage between managers' perceptions and their demographic profile. By employing a factor analysis, five individual factors are identified, suggesting five different areas of concern of the managerial staff about the impact of climate change on the evolution of business.
Using tourism to mitigate against climate change: the case of the Caribbean.
Authors: Blackwood K. , Wynter-Robertson J. , Valentine N.
Published: January 2016

This chapter investigates how tourism activities can be used to improve people's awareness of the effects of climate change, focusing on the Caribbean. It provides suggestions regarding strategies that Caribbean governments might adopt and promote in tourism in order to mitigate the effects of climate change.
Green economy practices in the tourism industry: the case of Limpopo Province, South Africa.
Authors: Nhemachena C. , Jonas S. , Karuaihe S.
Published: January 2016

This chapter explores the degree of understanding of the green economy concept and the green practices undertaken by the tourism industry in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The findings show that there is generally a lack of understanding of the green economy concept among the 41 tourism businesses sampled. Further, the main green economy practices being implemented include water- and electricity/energy-saving initiatives driven mainly by the need to cut operating costs and increase net profits. Most of the tourism businesses interviewed showed a lack of knowledge of any government policies and/or incentives to promote green economy investments in the tourism industry besides the provision of energy-saving bulbs. The results also show the need for increased awareness-raising on the green economy concept and how it will benefit the businesses, including skills development in green economy practices to encourage implementation. The lack of information on the green economy and the high costs of implementation were identified as the key constraints in implementing green economy initiatives in the province.
Tourism policy and the challenge of seasonality: the case of the Balearic Islands.
Authors: Alemany M. , García M. A. , Aguilo Á.
Published: January 2016

This chapter studies the role of tourism policy in providing adequate responses to the challenge of seasonality at a crowded coastal destination in Spain, the Balearic Islands. The study starts by developing a qualitative review of the evolution of successive marketing plans in the Balearics in the framework of tourism policies. Strategies based on product, price and communication policies conform to the main approach of the public policies to this matter. Further, the study tests for a statistical correlation between the policy stimuli set out in the regional plans and the evolution of the seasonal behaviour of tourists. In spite of being unable to establish a link between the main features of the marketing plans and the behaviour of demand, a coincidence has been found between expansive economic cycles and periods of reduction in seasonality.
Expenditure and stay behaviour of nature-based visitors: the case of Costa Rica.
Authors: Artal-Tur A. , Briones-Peñalver A. J.
Published: January 2016

This chapter explores the expenditure and stay behaviour of tourists, and the capacity of these two variables in improving the sustainability of a nature-based destination such as Costa Rica. Two equations explaining the expenditure and stay patterns of international tourists arriving in Costa Rica are estimated. In particular, the study tests for the role played by time and budget restrictions, socio-economic features of visitors, destination characteristics and previous knowledge of the country. All these findings help to improve the knowledge on visitors' behaviour arriving in a nature-based tourist location, obtaining interesting conclusions to improve the management of the destination on a sustainable basis.
Recent research on operant conditioning in horses.
Authors: McGreevy P. D. , Hawson L.
Published: January 2016

This paper introduces the key challenges encountered when investigating the human-horse interface. With a focus in recent research on the application of learning theory in horses, it reviews the progress made in the emergent discipline of equitation science over the past decade. An appreciation of the role of learning theory in horse training is still in its infancy and is still refuted by traditionalists who believe that the horse can be trained as a willing participant that knows what is being asked of it. Despite this predictable resistance, the growing body of peer-reviewed evidence shows how equitation science reveals equestrian techniques that are difficult to justify within an ethical framework. Regardless of what some traditional critics claim, equitation science does nothing to undermine the emotional bonds that humans share with horses. On the contrary, it forces those who use horses to adopt a horse-centric approach to their training; an approach that ensures the cognitive powers of their trainees is not overestimated. The strength of this approach lies in acknowledging that training deficits are the main cause of poor performance, and that rider safety and horse welfare can be compromised by sloppy application of learning theory. The present paper describes the tools being used to study rider-horse interactions and concludes with a summary of the abiding challenges in applying learning theory to equitation.
The global land rush: implications for agricultural communities.
Authors: German L. A.
Published: January 2016

Over the past decade, a host of interrelated and mutually reinforcing processes have stimulated a renewed interest in farmland in the global South. This has resulted in a growing trend in which long-term rights over customary land and natural resources are being acquired by corporations, investment funds and government agencies alike, either as an investment vehicle, risk hedging mechanism or economic asset. While the data on large-scale land acquisitions are notoriously slippery and hard to acquire (Edelman 2013), estimates place the scope of land acquisitions initiated since 2000 at between 38 million and 55.7 million ha (Land Matrix online database (http://www.landmatrix.org/en/ [accessed 19 October 2015])). Some have viewed these trends as an opportunity to secure much-needed investment in rural areas, in the anticipation of the benefits that will flow from it: employment, technological innovation, smallholder market integration and other positive social and economic spillovers. It has also been met with a critical response from other circles due to the risks posed to rural livelihoods, food and tenure security, the environment and self-determination. This paper reviews what is known about the implications of large-scale land acquisitions for agricultural communities in the global South, with a focus on Africa and on the (relatively limited) empirical work that has been done to shed light on a very polarized debate. Following a brief overview of the trends and drivers of the land rush, I review the evidence around some of the key themes defining this debate. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of implications for further research.
Ecosystem services and biodiversity of rubber plantations - a systematic review.
Authors: Häuser I. , Thellmann K. , Cotter M. , Sauerborn J.
Published: January 2016

Humans benefit from ecosystems which provide free goods and services. The capacity of ecosystems to deliver such services is under constant stress since humans continue to alter the environment. Ecosystem service (ESS) approaches have the potential to pinpoint multiple benefits that humans derive from nature, including services without direct market value such as climate regulation, pollination and flood protection. Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) schemes and land-use planning are two main fields of application that require reliable data about key ESSs provided by a given landscape. This review focuses on ESS studies on rubber (
Hevea brasiliensis
) cultivation and investigates whether the studies fulfil the mentioned requirements. We analysed 76 studies in respect to the regional origin, number of assessed ESSs by each study, distribution of ESSs concerning provisioning, regulating and maintenance, and cultural ESSs, and if the studies also included biodiversity. We found that there is still a huge gap between what topics scientists research (single or few ESSs that are easy to measure) and what information policymakers would need (results including multiple ESSs, ideally from different sections, which include less tangible ESSs such as cultural services). Of the analysed 76 publications only two fulfilled the requirements to inform policymakers, and even they were not truly interdisciplinary. The main challenge remains to develop interdisciplinary studies which require joint research or collaborative projects with sufficient funding to fulfil the required task.
Temperature evolution analysis of AZ31B magnesium alloy during quasi-static fracture
Authors: Zhang H. X. , Wang Z. N. , Zhou Y. G. , Guo S. F. , Yan Z. F. , Wang W. X.
Published: January 2016

Fracture toughness of AZ31B magnesium alloy subjected to quasi-static loading was investigated by infrared thermography. The results showed that temperature evolution around the crack propagation path during fracture underwent three stages: initial steady stage, monotonic increase stage and final steady stage. The temperature increase at the beginning of stage II is nearly corresponding to the initiation of unstable crack propagation. And based on this phenomenon, a method applying infrared thermography to estimate fracture toughness of AZ31B magnesium alloy was proposed. Fracture toughness was calculated through infrared thermography, which was in good agreement with the result determined by traditional standard method. Finally, the fracture mechanism was investigated.
Transthoracic Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension and Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Koestenberger Martin , Friedberg Mark K. , Nestaas Eirik , Michel‐Behnke Ina , Hansmann Georg
Published: January 2016

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the most accessible noninvasive diagnostic procedure for the initial assessment of pediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH). This review focuses on principles and use of TTE to determine morphologic and functional parameters that are also useful for follow‐up investigations in pediatric PH patients. A basic echocardiographic study of a patient with PH commonly includes the hemodynamic calculation of the systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), the mean and diastolic PAP, the pulmonary artery acceleration time, and the presence of a pericardial effusion. A more detailed TTE investigation of the right ventricle (RV) includes assessment of its size and function. RV function can be evaluated by RV longitudinal systolic performance (e.g., tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion), the tricuspid regurgitation velocity/right ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral ratio, the fractional area change, tissue Doppler imaging–derived parameters, strain measurements, the systolic‐to‐diastolic duration ratio, the myocardial performance (Tei) index, the RV/left ventricle (LV) diameter ratio, the LV eccentricity index, determination of an enlarged right atrium and RV size, and RV volume determination by 3‐dimensional echocardiography. Here, we discuss the potential use and limitations of TTE techniques in children with PH and/or ventricular dysfunction. We suggest a protocol for TTE assessment of PH and myocardial function that helps to identify PH patients and their response to pharmacotherapy. The outlined protocol focuses on the detailed assessment of the hypertensive RV; RV‐LV crosstalk must be analyzed separately in the evaluation of different pathologies that account for pediatric PH.
Testing the cores of first ascent red giant stars using the period spacing of g modes
Authors: Lagarde N. , Bossini D. , Miglio A. , Vrard M. , Mosser B.
Published: January 2016

In the context of the determination of stellar properties using asteroseismology, we study the influence of rotation and convective-core overshooting on the properties of red giant stars. We used models in order to investigate the effects of these mechanisms on the asymptotic period spacing of gravity modes (ΔΠ1) of red-giant stars that ignite He burning in degenerate conditions (M ≲ 2.0 M⊙). We also compare the predictions of these models with Kepler observations. For a given Δν, ΔΠ1 depends not only on the stellar mass, but also on mixing processes that can affect the structure of the core. We find that in the case of more evolved red-giant-branch stars and regardless of the transport processes occurring in their interiors, the observed ΔΠ1 can provide information as to their stellar luminosity, within ∼10–20 per cent. In general, the trends of ΔΠ1 with respect to mass and metallicity that are observed in Kepler red-giant stars are well reproduced by the models.
Determinants of job satisfaction for novice nurse managers employed in hospitals
Authors: Djukic Maja , Jun Jin , Kovner Christine , Brewer Carol , Fletcher Jason
Published: January 2016

Background:

Numbering close to 300,000 nurse managers represent the largest segment of the health care management workforce. Their effectiveness is, in part, influenced by their job satisfaction.

Purpose:

We examined factors associated with job satisfaction of novice frontline nurse managers.

Methodology/Approach:

We used a cross-sectional, correlational survey design. The sample consisted of responders to the fifth wave of a multiyear study of new nurses in 2013 (N = 1,392; response rate of 69%) who reported working as managers (n = 209). The parent study sample consisted of registered nurses who were licensed for the first time by exam 6–18 months prior in 1 of 51 selected metropolitan statistical areas and 9 rural areas across 34 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. We examined bivariate correlations between job satisfaction and 31 personal and structural variables. All variables significantly related to job satisfaction in bivariate analysis were included in a multivariate linear regression model. In addition, we tested the interaction effects of procedural justice and negative affectivity, autonomy, and organizational constraints on job satisfaction. The Cronbach’s alphas for all multi-item scales ranged from .74 to .96.

Findings:

In the multivariate analysis, negative affectivity (β = −.169; p = .006) and procedural justice (β = .210; p = .016) were significantly correlated with job satisfaction. The combination of predictors in the model accounted for half of the variability in job satisfaction ratings (R
2 = .51, adjusted R
2 = .47; p <. 001).

Practice Implications:

Health care executives who want to cultivate an effective novice frontline nurse manager workforce can best ensure their satisfaction by creating an organization with strong procedural justice. This could be achieved by involving managers in decision-making processes and ensuring transparency about how decisions that affect nursing are made.
The Relationship Between Vision-related Quality of Life and Visual Function in Glaucoma Patients
Authors: Hirooka Kazuyuki , Sato Shino , Nitta Eri , Tsujikawa Akitaka
Published: January 2016

Purpose:

To evaluate the relationship between vision-related quality of life (QOL) as measured by the short-form 11-item Japanese version of the Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-J11) and the severity of visual field (VF) defects in patients with glaucoma.

Methods:

The study included 134 glaucoma patients and 30 normal subjects. VF testing using the Humphrey Field Analyzer was performed to obtain both the VF index (VFI) and MD in both eyes of each glaucoma patient. Binocular integrated VF was constructed for each patient by merging corresponding sensitivity values from monocular VFs, and the correlation between visual function and vision-related QOL was then assessed.

Results:

A significant relationship was found between QOL and VF in 6 of 7 subscales on the VFQ-J11, and between the composite scores in both the better eye and the worse eye in glaucoma patients. The relationship was stronger in the worse eye than in the better eye. Overall, correlation coefficients of the VFI were higher than those of MD and slightly higher than those of integrated VF in the worse eye.

Conclusions:

The VFI showed a marginally better correlation than MD. Assessment of VFI in the worse eye may provide useful information regarding vision-related QOL in glaucoma patients.
Gluten Introduction and the Risk of Coeliac Disease
Authors: Szajewska Hania , Shamir Raanan , Mearin Luisa , Ribes‐Koninckx Carmen , Catassi Carlo , Domellöf Magnus , Fewtrell Mary S. , Husby Steffen , Papadopoulou Alexandra , Vandenplas Yvan , Castillejo Gemma , Kolacek Sanja , Koletzko Sibylle , Korponay‐Szabó Ilma R. , Lionetti Elena , Polanco Isabel , Troncone Riccardo
Published: January 2016

Background:

The European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition recommended in 2008, based on observational data, to avoid both early (<4 months) and late (≥7 months) introduction of gluten and to introduce gluten while the infant is still being breast‐fed. New evidence prompted ESPGHAN to revise these recommendations.

Objective:

To provide updated recommendations regarding gluten introduction in infants and the risk of developing coeliac disease (CD) during childhood.

The risk of inducing CD through a gluten‐containing diet exclusively applies to persons carrying at least one of the CD risk alleles. Because genetic risk alleles are generally not known in an infant at the time of solid food introduction, the following recommendations apply to all infants, although they are derived from studying families with first‐degree relatives with CD. Although breast‐feeding should be promoted for its other well‐established health benefits, neither any breast‐feeding nor breast‐feeding during gluten introduction has been shown to reduce the risk of CD. Gluten may be introduced into the infant's diet anytime between 4 and 12 completed months of age. In children at high risk for CD, earlier introduction of gluten (4 vs 6 months or 6 vs 12 months) is associated with earlier development of CD autoimmunity (defined as positive serology) and CD, but the cumulative incidence of each in later childhood is similar. Based on observational data pointing to the association between the amount of gluten intake and risk of CD, consumption of large quantities of gluten should be avoided during the first weeks after gluten introduction and during infancy. The optimal amounts of gluten to be introduced at weaning, however, have not been established.
Cyclin D1 and p16 Expression in Blue Nevi and Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Donigan Jessica M. , De Luca Jacqueline , Lum Christopher
Published: January 2016

Background:

Differentiating benign blue nevi from blue nevus-like melanoma can be diagnostically challenging. We aimed to determine the utility of immunohistochemical staining for p16 and cyclin D1 in distinguishing benign blue nevi and malignant melanoma.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-two biopsy specimens taken between 2007 and 2015 were obtained from the Department of Pathology at the Queen’s Medical Center in Honolulu, HI. These included 9 common blue nevi, 8 cellular blue nevi (2 with atypical features), and 15 malignant melanomas (3 blue nevus-like melanoma). The primary outcome was the difference in p16 and cyclin D1 staining between benign blue nevi and malignant melanoma. Staining of specimens for p16 and cyclin D1 was graded on the strength of staining, and the percent of tumor that stained positive. A specimen was deemed positive if it showed 2+ staining in ≥50% of the tumor.

Results:

The majority (82%) of blue nevi stained negative for p16. There was not a significant difference between p16 staining in benign blue nevi and melanoma (P=0.06). Eleven (73%) melanomas stained positive for cyclin D1 with a sensitivity of 0.73 and positive predictive value of 1.0. All blue nevi were negative for cyclin D1, making its specificity 1.0 and its negative predictive value 0.8. This difference in cyclin D1 staining in blue nevi and melanoma was significant (P=0.0001).

Conclusions:

Cyclin D1 may be useful in differentiating benign blue nevi from melanoma.
Overlap of copper and iron uptake systems in mitochondria in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Vest Katherine E. , Wang Jing , Gammon Micah G. , Maynard Margaret K. , White Olivia L. , Cobine Jai A. , Mahone Wilkerson K. , Cobine Paul A.
Published: January 2016

In
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
, the mitochondrial carrier family protein Pic2 imports copper into the matrix. Deletion of
PIC2
causes defects in mitochondrial copper uptake and copper-dependent growth phenotypes owing to decreased cytochrome
c
oxidase activity. However, copper import is not completely eliminated in this mutant, so alternative transport systems must exist. Deletion of
MRS3
, a component of the iron import machinery, also causes a copper-dependent growth defect on non-fermentable carbon. Deletion of both
PIC2
and
MRS3
led to a more severe respiratory growth defect than either individual mutant. In addition,
MRS3
expressed from a high copy number vector was able to suppress the oxygen consumption and copper uptake defects of a strain lacking
PIC2
. When expressed in
Lactococcus lactis
, Mrs3 mediated copper and iron import. Finally, a
PIC2
and
MRS3
double mutant prevented the copper-dependent activation of a heterologously expressed copper sensor in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Taken together, these data support a role for the iron transporter Mrs3 in copper import into the mitochondrial matrix.
Consumer responses to a future UK food system
Authors: O'Keefe Laura , McLachlan Carly , Gough Clair , Mander Sarah , Bows-Larkin Alice
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to describe research exploring consumer responses to potential changes in food-related practices to mitigate and adapt to climate change.

Design/methodology/approach

– Six focus groups explored consumer responses to measures to intended to mitigate the emissions from, and adapt to the impacts of climate change. These included: meat reduction, greater reliance on seasonal British food, meal replacement tablets, laboratory grown meat, communal eating houses, genetically modified food and food waste. Practice theory provided the lens to interpret the changes to meanings, competences and materials associated with food consumption.

Findings

– Changes that could be assimilated within existing competencies were viewed more positively, with lack of competence a key barrier to accommodating change. At present, climate change and sustainability do not influence purchasing decisions. Policy measures delivering multiple benefits (“win-wins”), of which environmental performance may be one, stand an improved chance of establishing more sustainable practices than those focusing exclusively on environmental drivers.

Originality/value

– Awareness of the role of sustainable food systems in the context of anthropogenic climate change is growing. Whilst scientific and technological research explores methods for reducing emissions and building resilience in food supply chains to changes in climate, there is comparatively little study of how consumers perceive these proposed “solutions”. This research provides a comprehensive overview of consumer responses to potential changes in eating practices related to climate change mitigation and adaptation and is of value to policy makers, academics and practitioners across the food supply chain.
“Bagels and doughnuts … round food for every mood” food advertising discourses
Authors: Maddock Sarah , Hill Beverley
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– The relationship between food and mood has been discussed for many years. The purpose of this paper is to extend that debate by exploring how food advertising, a key source of consumer information about food, utilises and implies varied associations between food and mood.

Design/methodology/approach

– The research combines a textually oriented analysis with an analysis of the visual images in a sample of typical food advertisements drawn from women’s magazines.

Findings

– Although healthy foods have the potential to enhance mood this is not often used as a key advertising message. Conversely, advertisements for foods that can depress mood frequently adopt messages of happiness and wellbeing.

Research limitations/implications

– This exploratory research provides an initial investigation of advertising discourses of food and mood at a snapshot in time. Based on the findings derived from this limited sample, further research is suggested which would provide a more comprehensive survey of food advertising.

Practical implications

– The research is of value to food promoters in suggesting that they review food messages and the use of emotional appeals in the light of developing scientific research on the link between food and mental wellbeing.

Social implications

– The growing interest in promoting mental health and wellbeing means that consumers and governments are keen to understand the relationship between food and mood and its potential influence on consumer food choices.

Originality/value

– This research indicates that some food advertising diverges from the scientific evidence on food and mental health and wellbeing. The research is therefore of value to food promoters and advertising regulators.
What is food poverty? A conceptual framework
Authors: O'Connor Niamh , Farag Karim , Baines Richard
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– Recently, food poverty has been subject to much academic, political and media attention following the recent reduction in consumer purchasing power as a result of food and energy price volatility. Yet the lack of consensus related to food poverty terminology acts as an inhibitor in both identifying and addressing the issue in the UK, specifically as a separate problem to that of food insecurity. Misunderstanding of terminology is an impediment to identifying similarities and differentials with both developed and developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to address these issues and enhance political and academic discourse.

Design/methodology/approach

– An exploratory approach utilising secondary research was conducted to assemble sufficient information to ensure an extensive examination, consisting of several sources inclusive of academia, government and non-governmental organisations. The literature was screened for relevance following a broad search which primarily focused upon UK publications, with the exception of national data relevant to specified countries of USA, Canada, Yemen and United Republic of Tanzania (Tanzania).

Findings

– Economic access, quality, quantity, duration and social dimensions were the common features identified in the majority of the literature. Based upon these elements the proposed concise definition was constructed as; food poverty is the insufficient economic access to an adequate quantity and quality of food to maintain a nutritionally satisfactory and socially acceptable diet.

Originality/value

– This study provides a conceptual approach in defining food poverty. Comparative to the countries examined, the UK has significant gaps in understanding and providing strategies in relation to individuals experiencing food poverty, causes and symptoms, methods of alleviation and coping strategies. There is no peer reviewed paper clearly discussing the definition of food poverty, hence, this review paper is original in three areas: establishing a definition for food poverty; clarifying the relationship between food poverty and food security; and discuss food poverty in UK with international comparison.
Customer value perception of organic food: cultural differences and cross-national segments
Authors: Seegebarth Barbara , Behrens Stefan Henrik , Klarmann Christiane , Hennigs Nadine , Scribner Lisa Luebbehusen
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– Due to consumer concerns about food-related diseases and an increase in the use of genetically modified food, more and more “green consumers” integrate environmental considerations into daily purchases, asking for healthier, safer and higher quality food. Marketing managers still face the challenge of broadening the understanding of how and why consumers purchase organic food. Specifically, a deeper understanding of the value dimensions consumers perceive in the context of organic food products is required to develop and implement successful management strategies which might transfer positive consumer perceptions to actual buying behavior and satisfaction. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

– Drawing on theoretical and empirical insights on organic food consumption in different markets, this research investigates antecedents of organic food products and differences regarding the relative importance of the value-based drivers across two Western nations.

Findings

– The results from survey data indicate significant differences in the value perceptions, especially the functional and individual value perceptions, and recommendation behavior related to organic food for consumers from the USA and Germany. In addition, the segmentation approach provides evidence for consumer segments that cross-national borders: the “convinced opponents,” the “silent/private consumers,” the “prestige-seekers” and the “passionate evangelists.”

Originality/value

– Consequently, instead of a country-based segmentation approach, marketers should emphasize the different types of consumers across national borders in order to address the differences in customer value perception in the organic food market.
The accuracy of management profit forecasts in IPO prospectuses
Authors: Hasan Tanweer , Hadad Muliaman , Ahmed Kamran
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to measure the accuracy of management profit forecast in initial public offerings (IPO) prospectuses and investigate the determinants of any observed forecast error in Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach

– A sample of 105 Indonesian IPO firms over a ten-year period, 1999-2008, is used in the present study. The accuracy of management profit forecasts, or forecast errors, in IPO prospectuses is calculated, following Lee et al. (2006), over the ten-year sample period. Then, a multivariate model, following the extant literature, is used to identify the determinants of any observed forecast error in Indonesia.

Findings

– A mean (median) forecast error of 19 percent (9 percent) is reported over the entire sample period. Multivariate analysis shows that, among the explanatory variables used in the present study, forecast horizon and management optimism seem to be the most significant determinants of forecast error in Indonesia.

Research limitations/implications

– The ordinary, specifically small, investors in Indonesia lack the sophistication needed to evaluate new issues while alternative independent sources of information or analysis on IPOs are virtually non-existent. Consequently, whether the forecasts made by the managers during IPOs are reliable or not is of particular importance in Indonesia.

Originality/value

– Indonesia is a significant emerging market in Asia. However, to date, no published work has examined the accuracy of management profit forecasts or forecast errors in this market. The present study attempts to fill this gap in the literature and is the first to capture the magnitude/degree of forecast accuracy or error and investigate the determinants of the documented forecast error in Indonesia using a sample of 105 IPO firms over the period 1999 through 2008.
Adoption of and compliance with IFRS in developing countries
Authors: Samaha Khaled , Khlif Hichem
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to review a synthesis of theories and empirical studies dealing with the adoption of and compliance with IFRS in developing countries in an attempt to provide directions for future research.

Design/methodology/approach

– The review focusses on four main streams including: first, the motives for IFRS adoption; second, corporate characteristics and the degree of compliance with IFRS; third, the economic consequences of IFRS adoption and finally; fourth, the use of regulation as an enforcement mechanism to monitor compliance with IFRS. The authors review empirical studies specifically devoted to developing countries.

Findings

– Regarding the first stream relating to IFRS adoption, the macroeconomic decision of adopting IFRS in developing countries can be justified by two main theories which are: the economic theory of network (Katz and Shapiro, 1985) and isomorphism (DiMaggio and Powell, 1991), however, empirical evidence in developing countries to confirm these theories is limited. Regarding the second stream relating to corporate characteristics and the degree of compliance with IFRS, the authors find that the results are mixed. Regarding the third stream relating to the economic consequences of IFRS adoption, it seems that the evidence is still limited in developing countries especially with respect to the impact of IFRS adoption on foreign direct investment, cost of equity capital and earnings management. Regarding the fourth and final stream in relation to regulation, enforcement and compliance with IFRS, the authors find that research is very limited. It was evidenced in the very few research studies conducted, that global disclosure standards are optimal only if compliance is monitored and enforced by efficient institutions.

Practical implications

– The author’s study attempts to provide a foundational knowledge resource that will inform practitioners, researchers and regulators in developing countries about the relevance of the different theories that exist in the accounting literature to explain the adoption of and compliance with IFRS.

Originality/value

– Compared to developed countries, the four streams outlined remain under-researched in developing countries. Therefore, researchers should examine these topics in developing countries to inform practitioners, regulators and the capital market about the effects of adopting IFRS and their relevance to developing countries. In addition, researchers should embark on identifying new theories to explain the adoption of and compliance with IFRS in developing countries that take into consideration the socioeconomic culture of these settings.
Crafting the community
Authors: Barber Claire Lucy
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– Crafting the Community is a volunteering project run by the Textiles Department at the University of Huddersfield to promote and deliver textile craft activities to the wider community. The purpose of this paper is to explore how volunteering can be a powerful tool for enriching peoples’ lives while deepening students’ textile-related competencies through placing their learning in social and communal settings.

Design/methodology/approach

– Initially the paper will articulate how the project has been developed to bring innovation to the forefront of the curriculum, equipping students with tools for playing a meaningful and constructive role in society. Subsequently the paper will investigate how volunteering can be used to affect real-life changes in homelessness, archival threats and rural transport.

Findings

– The paper uses a case study approach to realise the vision of Crafting the Community that enables students to put into practice their learning while capturing the imagination of local communities.

Social implications

– As active players in society, staff, students and external partners create an engaged and interrelated learning experience as an evolving process, mimicking the repetitiveness and structure of the warp and weft of cloth itself.

Originality/value

– In response to emerging debates concerning the value, relevance and impact of cloth on societies today the project’s aim is to share the course’s own unique philosophy and insight into the importance of a practical and creative engagement with materials and processes in the wider community. This paper would be suitable for academics that who are interested in textile culture and emergent textile volunteering and socially engaged practices in the public realm.
Building a university-community partnership to promote high school graduation and beyond
Authors: Brewster Ann B. , Pisani Paul , Ramseyer Max , Wise Jack
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to describe a new conceptual model integrating research, university-community partnerships, and an innovative undergraduate team approach to more effectively and efficiently address social problems while enhancing university-community relations and providing valuable learning experiences for students.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper describes the rationale for, and the key components, steps, and activities involved in piloting the conceptual model of university-community engagement. The model integrates research, community engagement, and undergraduate development and education along with ongoing evaluation by the relevant stakeholders.

Findings

– As illustrated in a brief case study presentation, the model has significant promise in meeting several university and community objectives simultaneously. Specifically, it focusses on community needs by addressing a mutually agreed upon social issue, it builds and strengthens university-community relationships as a partnership of equals, and it promotes undergraduate development and learning in a way that integrates knowledge and service to society. Specific outcomes in each area are summarized.

Practical implications

– This approach is a viable option for university and college professors interested in synthesizing several important foci: research, developing and sustaining university-community partnerships, and undergraduate development and learning.

Originality/value

– The initial experience with the model indicates that it is an efficient and effective means for colleges and universities to simultaneously meet the goals of education, individual and collective citizenship, community engagement, and research productivity.
Scale development and validation for DART model of value co-creation process on innovation strategy
Authors: Taghizadeh Seyedeh Khadijeh , Jayaraman Krishnaswamy , Ismail Ishak , Rahman Syed Abidur
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to validate scale measurements of dialogue, access, risk assessment and transparency (DART) constructs, as the process of value-co-creation, and then understand its effect on innovation strategy. Further, the paper explores the influence of innovation strategy on the market performance.

Design/methodology/approach

– The model links four dimensions of DART as building blocks of value co-creation, to the innovation strategy. Further, the model links innovation strategy to the market performance. In total, five hypotheses are postulated. Testing was conducted through structural equation modeling using PLS-SEM, utilizing data from 249 managers of telecommunication companies in Malaysia.

Findings

– The result of the analysis revealed dialogue, risk assessment and transparency having a significant positive relationship with innovation strategy. These results signified the importance of value co-creation to formulate an innovation strategy of the firms. The finding of the research shows that innovation strategy has a strong effect on market performance as well.

Practical implications

– Implementing value co-creation process facilitates companies in formulating an innovation strategy that enhances market performance significantly.

Originality/value

– The paper validated scale measurement of DART model which adds substantial knowledge and concepts in the areas of value co-creation process. It describes the first empirical research study on the practice of value co-creation and innovation strategy in developing country focusing on telecommunication industry. Further, the model examines the effect of DART dimensions on innovation strategy result in market performance enhancement.
Entrepreneurial orientation, firm market power and opportunism in networks
Authors: Morgan Todd , Anokhin Sergey , Wincent Joakim
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– This study aims to examine the impact of entrepreneurial orientation, firm market power and their interaction on opportunism in horizontal exchange networks. The aim is to investigate how entrepreneurial orientation and market power individually can lead to opportunism, but possessing both characteristics will mitigate such behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

– Based on an analysis of 108 firms in 25 networks using a panel-corrected standard errors approach, the study tests hypotheses regarding how entrepreneurial orientation, firm market power and their interaction impact opportunism within a focal horizontal network.

Findings

– The results of the analysis show that entrepreneurial orientation and firm market power are both positively related to network opportunism, but when firms possess both characteristics, opportunism toward fellow network actors is mitigated.

Research limitations/implications

– Research on entrepreneurial orientation has primarily examined the positive outcomes of the strategic orientation. Firm power has been studied as an antecedent of opportunism and governance mechanisms. This study examines the joint impact of the two and brings new insight to the research streams.

Practical implications

– Horizontal networks are conduits for resource and knowledge exchange, yet managers need to be concerned about how firms seek competitive advantage. Our framework suggests that managers should be concerned about dealing with network actors with an entrepreneurial orientation philosophy or high market power, but when firms possess both, they are deemed safer partners.

Originality/value

– The manuscript extends research on entrepreneurial orientation, firm power and horizontal networks. While both entrepreneurial orientation and power may impede networking relationships, this paper shows that firms that possess both may be the best relational partners.