bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Service Delivery, State Legitimacy and Conflict in Arab Countries: Exploring the Key Linkages Using a Social Policy Perspective
Authors: Jawad Rana , Walton Oliver , Merouani Walid
Published: December 2021

This paper addresses the question of how service delivery (SD) affects state legitimacy (SL) and conflict (C) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, drawing particularly on frameworks that move beyond a state-centric approach. Focusing on the majority-Arab countries of MENA, the paper aims to: (1) offer a preliminary explanation of the distinctiveness of this region in light of some of the main findings of the introductory paper by the lead guest editor Timo Kivimäki and (2) explore the potential of a social policy perspective in explaining the relationship between SD, SL and C. This is achieved by combining research insights acquired through extensive qualitative social policy research in the MENA region with a re-reading of the existing literature on SD, SL and C. To support a comprehensive re-examination of the issues at hand, the paper also draws on the 5th Wave of the Arab Barometer micro-level survey (ABS) on Arab citizen perceptions of socio-economic conditions in their countries and macro-level social welfare expenditure data from the World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI). By bringing insights from the social policy literature on the MENA region into conversation with broader research on the relationship between SD, SL and C, we identify several distinctive features of service delivery in the MENA context and examine their implications for state legitimacy and conflict.
Adaptive Resilience of Complex Safety-Critical Sociotechnical Systems: Toward a Unified Conceptual Framework and Its Formalization
Authors: Vert Matthieu , Sharpanskykh Alexei , Curran Richard
Published: December 2021

Resilience is commonly understood as the capacity for a system to maintain a desirable state while undergoing adversity or to return to a desirable state as quickly as possible after being impacted. In this paper, we focus on resilience for complex sociotechnical systems (STS), specifically those where safety is an important aspect. Two main desiderata for safety-critical STS to be resilient are adaptive capacity and adaptation. Formal studies integrating human cognition and social aspects are needed to quantify the capacity to adapt and the effects of adaptation. We propose a conceptual framework to elaborate on the concept of resilience of safety-critical STS, based on adaptive capacity and adaptation and how this can be formalized. A set of mechanisms is identified that is necessary for STS to have the capacity to adapt. Mechanisms belonging to adaptive capacity include situation awareness, sensemaking, monitoring, decision-making, coordination, and learning. It is posited that the two mechanisms required to perform adaptation are anticipation and responding. This framework attempts to coherently integrate the key components of the multifaceted concept of STS adaptive resilience. This can then be used to pursue the formal representation of adaptive resilience, its modeling, and its operationalization in real-world safety-critical STS.
Pharmacological Investigation of CC-LAAO, an L-Amino Acid Oxidase from Cerastes cerastes Snake Venom
Authors: Abdelkafi-Koubaa Zaineb , ELBini-Dhouib Ines , Souid Soumaya , Jebali Jed , Doghri Raoudha , Srairi-Abid Najet , Essafi-Benkhadir Khadija , Micheau Olivier , Marrakchi Naziha
Published: December 2021

Snake venom proteins, which are responsible for deadly snakebite envenomation, induce severe injuries including neurotoxicity, myotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, hemorrhage, and the disruption of blood homeostasis. Yet, many snake-venom proteins have been developed as potential drugs for treating human diseases due to their pharmacological effects. In this study, we evaluated the use of, an L-amino acid oxidase isolated from Cerastes cerastes snake venom CC-LAAO, as a potential anti-glioblastoma drug, by investigating its in vivo and in vitro pharmacological effects. Our results showed that acute exposure to CC-LAAO at 1 and 2.5 µg/mL does not induce significant toxicity on vital organs, as indicated by the murine blood parameters including aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, and creatinine levels. The histopathological examination demonstrated that only at high concentrations did CC-LAAO induce inflammation and necrosis in several organs of the test subjects. Interestingly, when tested on human glioblastoma U87 cells, CC-LAAO induced a dose-dependent apoptotic effect through the H2O2 generated during the enzymatic reaction. Taken altogether, our data indicated that low concentration of CC-LAAO may be safe and may have potential in the development of anti-glioblastoma agents.
Testing General Relativity with Gravitational Waves: An Overview
Authors: Krishnendu N. V. , Ohme Frank
Published: December 2021

The detections of gravitational-wave (GW) signals from compact binary coalescence by ground-based detectors have opened up the era of GW astronomy. These observations provide opportunities to test Einstein’s general theory of relativity at the strong-field regime. Here we give a brief overview of the various GW-based tests of General Relativity (GR) performed by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration on the detected GW events to date. After providing details for the tests performed in four categories, we discuss the prospects for each test in the context of future GW detectors. The four categories of tests include the consistency tests, parametrized tests for GW generation and propagation, tests for the merger remnant properties, and GW polarization tests.
Effects of Pope Francis’ Religious Authority and Media Coverage on Twitter User’s Attitudes toward COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Gaweł Arkadiusz , Mańdziuk Marzena , Żmudziński Marek , Gosek Małgorzata , Krawczyk-Suszek Marlena , Pisarski Mariusz , Adamski Andrzej , Cyganik Weronika
Published: December 2021

This paper is interdisciplinary and combines the research perspective of medical studies with that of media and social communication studies and theological studies. The main goal of this article is to determine [from arguments on all sides of the issue] whether, and to what extent, statements issued by a religious authority can be used as an argument in the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. The authors also want to find answers to the questions of how the pope’s comments affect public opinion when they concern the sphere of secular and everyday life, including issues related to health care. The main method used in this study is desktop research and the analysis of the Roman Catholic Church’s teaching on vaccination and on the types and significance of the pope’s statements on various topics. The auxiliary methods are sentiment analysis and network analysis made in the open source software Gephi. The authors are strongly interested in the communication and media aspect of the analyzed situation. Pope Francis’ voice on the COVID-19 vaccination has certainly been noticed and registered worldwide, but the effectiveness of his message and direct impact on Catholics’ decisions to accept or refuse the COVID-19 vaccination is quite questionable and would require further precise research. Comparing this to the regularities known from political marketing, one would think that the pope’s statement would not convince the firm opponents of vaccination.
Design and Modeling of Viscoelastic Layers for Locomotive Wheel Damping
Authors: Podile Mpho , Kallon Daramy Vandi Von , Balekwa Bingo Masiza , Cali Michele
Published: December 2021

Rail–wheel interaction is one of the most significant and studied aspects of rail vehicle dynamics. The vibrations caused by rail–wheel interaction can become critical when the radial, lateral and longitudinal loads of the vehicle, cargo and passengers are experienced while the vehicle is in motion along winding railroad paths. This mainly causes an excessive production of vibrations that may lead to discomfort for the passengers and shortening of the life span of the vehicle’s body parts. The use of harmonic response analysis (HRA) shows that the wheel experiences high vibrational amplitudes from both radial and lateral excitation. The present study describes a numerical and experimental design procedure that allows mitigation of the locomotive wheel resonance during radial and lateral excitations through viscoelastic layers. It is proven that these high frequencies can be reduced through the proper design of damping layer mechanisms. In particular, three parametric viscoelastic damping layer arrangements were analyzed (on the web of both wheel sides, under the rim of both wheel sides and on the web and under the rim of both wheel sides). The results demonstrate that the correct design and dimensions of these viscoelastic damping layers reduce the high-amplitude resonance peaks of the wheel successfully during both radial and lateral excitation.
Point-of-care testing, antibiotic prescribing, and prescribing confidence for respiratory tract infections in primary care: a prospective audit in 18 European countries
Authors: van der Velden Alike W , van de Pol Alma C , Bongard Emily , Cianci Daniela , Aabenhus Rune , Balan Anca , Böhmer Femke , Bralić Lang Valerija , Bruno Pascale , Chlabicz Slawomir , Coenen Samuel , Colliers Annelies , García-Sangenís Ana , Ghazaryan Hrachuhi , Godycki-Ćwirko Maciej , Jensen Siri , Lionis Christos , van der Linde Sanne R , Malania Lile , Pauer Jozsef , Tomacinschii Angela , Vellinga Akke , Zastavnyy Ihor , Emmerich Susanne , Zerda Adam , Verheij Theo J , Goossens Herman , Butler Christopher C
Published: December 2021

Background

Between-country differences have been described in antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infection (RTI) in primary care, but not yet for diagnostic testing procedures and prescribing confidence.

Aim

To describe between-country differences in RTI management, particularly diagnostic testing and antibiotic prescribing, and investigate which factors relate to antibiotic prescribing and GPs’ prescribing confidence.

Design & setting

Prospective audit in 18 European countries.

Method

An audit of GP-registered patient, clinical, and management characteristics for patients presenting with sore throat and/or lower RTI (n= 4982), and GPs' confidence in their antibiotic prescribing decision. Factors related to antibiotic prescribing and confidence were analysed using multi-level logistic regression.

Results

Antibiotic prescribing proportions varied considerably: <20% in four countries, and >40% in six countries. There was also considerable variation in point-of-care (POC) testing (0% in Croatia, Moldova, and Romania, and >65% in Denmark and Norway, mainly for C-reactive protein [CRP] and group A streptococcal [strep A] infection), and in laboratory or hospital-based testing (<3% in Hungary, the Netherlands, and Spain, and >30% in Croatia, Georgia, Greece, and Moldova, mainly chest X-ray and white blood cell counting). Antibiotic prescribing was related to illness severity, comorbidity, age, fever, and country, but not to having performed a POC test. In nearly 90% of consultations, GPs were confident in their antibiotic prescribing decision.

Conclusion

Despite high confidence in decisions about antibiotic prescribing, there is considerable variation in the primary care of RTI in European countries, with GPs prescribing antibiotics overall more often than is considered appropriate. POC testing may enhance the quality of antibiotic prescribing decisions if it can safely reverse decisions confidently made on clinical grounds alone to prescribe antibiotics.
Intolerance in the Media and Representations of the Catholic Church
Authors: Kraner David
Published: December 2021

Intolerance toward Christians in Europe including Slovenia is increasing and experts are not dealing with it sufficiently. The media plays a key role in disseminating information and shaping social representations. The fact that the media, due to the nature of their action, will always be in conflict with the Church, must not be a reason for intolerance. In Slovenia, the media are the central creators of negative opinions about the Church. They are very sophisticated in spreading Christianophobia. The journalists with the most published articles with negative connotations regarding the Church create negative social representations. Negative topics that are most often associated with the Church in the media are sexual abuse, money and politics. An analysis of the connotation and topic of the articles shows that the serious socio-political themes of the Church are neglected in the media. The local media mostly write positively about the Church, as they are aware of specific events, while the national media write about it negatively since they are often distant from specific events and usually evaluate them according to editorial policy criteria, and not according to professional arguments and varied opinions. The location of events covered negatively in articles happen both within and outside Slovenia. Most negative articles do not include photos; however, tabloids usually include them. By reducing the dissemination of negative and discriminatory messages about the Church and raising the ethics of reporting, intolerance towards Christians and other minorities will decrease.
L’amministrazione dei centri minori della regione di Umma nel periodo protodinastico
Authors: Bramanti Armando
Published: December 2021

Tras una breve introducción al concepto de geografía histórica y a su aplicación a los estudios del Próximo Oriente antiguo se presentan en este ensayo algunas reflexiones de tipo histórico-geográfico acerca de los centros menores de la región de Umma en el periodo protodinástico. Se analiza en particular la información conocida en relación con los centros de Zabala, Ki’an, Dulum y Kardaḫi en la época de referencia, probando la importancia de una aproximación histórico-geográfica en la reconstrucción de un complejo panorama económico-administrativo resultante en múltiples niveles jerárquicos.
El reino de Mari: ciudades, aldeas e identidades durante el período Paleobabilónico (2000-1600 a.C.)
Authors: Rovira Leticia
Published: December 2021

En este breve artículo quisiéramos marcar unas líneas sobre dos tipos diferentes de asentamientos que se emplazaban en todo el reino de Mari, durante el período Paleobabilónico: las ciudades y las aldeas. A través del acercamiento a las fuentes del Archivo Real de Mari, notamos que para nombrar a los moradores del centro político de Mari se utilizan referencias más unidas a lo laboral que a otros diacríticos identitarios. En tanto en las urbes más pequeñas y aldeas las identidades que aparecen atestiguadas en las fuentes también ponen de relieve lo étnico, cuestión mayormente ocluida en la ciudad capital.
Determination of fighting styles of qualified veteran boxers based on cluster analysis of biomechanical and psychophysiological indicators
Authors: Kozin V.Yu. , Falova O.Ye. , Cretu M. , Cieślicka M.
Published: December 2021

Purpose: to reveal the styles of fighting veteran boxers on the basis of a multivariate analysis of psychophysiological and biomechanical indicators.
Material and methods. The study involved 42 qualified veteran boxers (age 45-50 years). As research methods, we used a biomechanical analysis of the indicators of the speed of movement of various points and the values ​​of the angles in the joints when performing a direct blow by boxers. The psychophysiological method was used to determine the time of a simple and complex reaction under standard conditions and in various testing modes. We used the method of cluster analysis to distribute athletes into groups using the SPSS - 17.0 program. Within the groups, the athletes are as similar as possible to each other in terms of the analyzed indicators, and between the groups they differ as much as possible. The analysis of the groups of athletes obtained with the help of cluster analysis made it possible to identify athletes with the following styles of fighting: tempo, game, power.
Results. Cluster analysis of psychophysiological and biomehanical testing showed the presence of 3 groups of athletes. The clusters were named as follows: Cluster 1 - "Speed and coordination endurance", corresponds to the boxers of the pace of the fight; Cluster 2 - "Speed", corresponds to the boxers of the game style of fighting; Cluster 3 - "Strength and speed", corresponds to the boxers of the pace of the fight. Biomechanical features of boxers of different styles of fighting are reflected in the trajectories of the points of the fist, elbow, knee.
Conclusions. The results of this study should be used when planning the individual training of athletes in boxing and to determine the optimal style of competitive competition for qualified veteran boxers. The proposed methods of psychophysiological and biomechanical testing to determine the individual characteristics of boxers are an effective, fairly accessible and convenient tool for revealing the predisposition of boxers to a certain style of fighting.
INFLUENCE OF RECIPE AND TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE PROPERTIES OF ALKALINE ACTIVATION BINDERS
Authors: Саламанова М. Ш.
Published: December 2021

В работе исследовано влияние микрокремнезема на кинетику набора прочности, изменение плотности и порового пространства цементного камня, рецептурно-технологических факторов и условий твердения. Обоснованы химические превращения микрокремнезема в условиях щелочной среды, приводящие к изменениям водородного показателя. Структура цементного камня характеризуется присутствием гидроалюмосиликатов натрия и кальция, кристаллических новообразований, близких к ларниту, и их гидратов, аморфной субстанции, сульфоалюминатов кальция, гидроалюминатов кальция.

The paper investigates the effect of microsilica on the kinetics of strength gain, changes in the density and pore space of cement stone, formulation and technological factors and hardening conditions. The chemical transformations of silica fume under alkaline conditions, leading to changes in the pH value, have been substantiated. The structure of the cement stone is characterized by the presence of sodium and calcium hydroaluminosilicates, crystalline neoplasms similar to larnite and their hydrates, amorphous substance, calcium sulfoaluminates, calcium hydroaluminates.
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND INNOVATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Баснукаев И. Ш. , Абуханов А. З. , Алиев С. А.
Published: December 2021

Строительство - отрасль материального производства, в которой создаются основные фонды производственного и непроизводственного назначения: готовые к эксплуатации здания, строительные конструкции, сооружения и их комплексы. В данной статье исследуются инновационные технологии и устойчивые строительные материалы, производство которых подразумевает минимальный ущерб экологии и здоровью населения.

Construction is a branch of material production in which fixed assets of industrial and non-industrial purposes are created: ready-to-use buildings, building structures, structures and their complexes. This article examines innovative technologies and sustainable building materials, the production of which implies minimal damage to the environment and public health.
ROLA I ZNACZENIE NAUCZYCIELA WSPOMAGAJĄCEGO W PROCESIE TERAPII UCZNIÓW ZE SPECJALNYMI POTRZEBAMI EDUKACYJNYMI
Authors: Soszyńska Kamila
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the research in this paper was to establish the role and importance of a support teacher in the therapy process of students with special educational needs. The role and tasks of the teacher were taken into account on the legal basis. An interview was used as a research technique in the work. Thanks to the precise questions, the interview questionnaire was compiled as a research tool. Problems corresponding to specific hypotheses were discussed. The study used the method of individual cases. The characteristics of the support teacher and the leading teacher in the integrated class were carefully compared and special attention was also paid to the relationship between teachers and parents. Based on the research, the characteristics of working with students with special educational needs were established. Conclusions were drawn for the effective development of the activities of the support teacher who works with students with judgment.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ЭФФЕКТЫ ДИСТАНЦИОННОЙ ФОРМЫ ОБУЧЕНИЯ НА ПРОЦЕСС ПРИОБЩАЮЩЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ В НЕРАВНОЦЕННОМ ПОЛОЖЕНИИ
Authors: Racheva Daniela
Published: December 2021

The article discusses some of the main effects of distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic on the inclusion of disadvantaged children.
VIII MIĘDZYNARODOWY KONGRES INKLUZJI SPOŁECZNEJ – SPRAWOZDANIE MERYTORYCZNE
Authors: Jówko Ewa
Published: December 2021

x
Sobre la ambivalencia de “afectos y sentimientos” en liderazgos emergentes.
Authors: Ruy Molina Martin
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la ambivalencia de específicos “afectos y sentimientos” en liderazgos emergentes, en específico en la práctica del “liderazgo ontológico” en el contexto neoliberal actual. Valiéndose de un análisis articulado de testimonios, documentos y entrevistas el objetivo será analizar cómo se modula la categoría de “líder” en función de procesos conflictivos, de clasificaciones burocráticas, académicas e institucionales. Asimismo, se propone detectar ejes, plantear preguntas y generar futuras líneas de investigación. La metodología de análisis se basa en el uso herramientas etnográficas como la observación participante y entrevistas abiertas desarrolladas con integrantes del Instituto de Capacitación profesional (ICP) con sede en Capital Federal.
Fertilizers in the yield of chile habanero (Capsicum chínense) in Úrsulo Galván, Veracruz
Authors: Garay-Peralta Ignacio , Díaz-Criollo Alfredo , Escudero-Ramírez Leira Carol , Elvira-Ramírez Dassael
Published: December 2021

Mexico is the country in the world with the greatest genetic variety of Capsicum: its richness is largely due to the diversity of climates and soils, which is why the commonly called “habanero” pepper is found throughout the peninsula. The objective of this project is to evaluate their adaptation to edaphoclimatic conditions different from those prevailing in their area of origin. As well as different mineral and organic fertilizers, which meet the nutritional needs in the cultivation of habanero pepper to obtain better yields and better profits for the producer. The experiment was carried out at the Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico Campus Úrsulo Galván. The experiment was carried out in a shade mesh cover, the experimental design was completely randomized with 5 treatments and 7 repetitions with a total of 35 experimental units. Therefore, it is expected that fertilizers and fertilizers have a greater significant response in the increase of the habanero pepper (Capsicum chínense Jacq) in Úrsulo Galván, Ver.
REPRESENTATION OF THE LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL DIMENSION OF THE DIALECT WORD IN MODERN LEXICOGRAPHICAL PUBLICATIONS
Authors: Hrymashevych H.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the ways of representation of a dialect word in lexicographic editions of the end of the XX – beginning of the XXI century. First of all, the dynamics of the speech of the spoken word over the last decades is noted, because in the publications of the 70-90s of the last century dialectologists-lexicographers mostly presented the spoken word as a dialect unit with clear heuristic potential and can be a reliable source for various dialectological studies, especially in the field of phonetics, lexicology, morphology etc., because the dictionaries contained information about the variants of the dialect word (phonetic and grammatical), its grammatical parameters, semantics, localization, mostly even accurately to the settlement, sporadically presented an illustrative material that did not allow to fully represent the nominated subject, especially associated with its use in various traditions, beliefs, rituals, because there was a lack of descriptiveness. Instead, in modern dialect lexicographical publications, the way of representing the material has shifted with the emphasis on the functioning of the dialect word in a coherent text of different volume depending on the purpose of presenting the material. Modern dictionaries record not only the above parameters of the dialect word, but also its linguistic and cultural content, the valence of the represented word, its cultural understanding, which allows to trace the functioning of the colloquial name from different positions, to establish the cultural background of the nomination, to reveal emotional and aesthetic words.
It is concluded that the future of Ukrainian dialect lexicography is based on dictionaries of a new type with maximum representation of the spoken word in the context of its functioning, according to dictionaries-concordances.
THE DICHOTOMOUS STRUCTURE OF THE TEXTUAL WORLD OF IVAN FRANKO’S NOVEL "LEL’ AND POLEL’" IN THE ASPECT OF LINGUOPOETICS OF MOTIVENESS
Authors: Zaoborna M.
Published: December 2021

Based on literary studies, the article highlights the text of Ivan Franko's novel "Lel’ and Polel’" from the perspective of motif as a linguistic text category. In this respect, the motive is defined as linked with the personality of the author (narrator) impulse to create the text, related to the psychological aspect of text-creation and actualized by means of certain lingual signals. Understanding the motive as a text-creating category is expressed against the background of the stages of text generation that structure the trajectory of research considerations: situation → actualization of meanings → motive → intention → text concept → semantic organization of text. At the same time, given the presumption of modern French studies on the implicit autobiography of the writer's novels, the conceptual core of the study turns out to be the thesis of the personal senses of the author (narrator) as the basis for the motive. Thus, the effective summarizing positions of the analysis are centered around the linguistic signals associated with the individual consciousness of the sense-creating activity of the writer. In this respect, the intertextual field of the novel is determined to be relevant for grasping the sense, the basis for deriving the motive for creating the text "Lel’ and Pole’l". Intertextual connections, on the one hand, emphasize and maintain the effect of polarity in the text of the novel, and on the other hand, actualize the state of mental dichotomy that the writer experienced throughout his life. On this basis, an implicit presuppositional assessment of life in general and of the man in particular as dual phenomena has been derived, which correlates with the sense-being problem of Franko's life. As a result, the proposed theoretical construct of the logic of understanding the motivation of the text in relation to the novel "Lel’ and Polel’" has been concretized with the conclusive position: the spiritual and mental world of the writer → ambivalent evaluative sense as a basis for the formation of motive → motive, realized in the image of twin brothers → the intensity of explanatory psychology → textual concept as a logos of human destiny. Therefore, the dichotomous structure of the textual world of the novel "Lel’ and Polel’" is realized as a consequence of emanating the nature of the author's motive for the meaningful organization of the text. At the same time, the specificity of the figurative embodiment of the motive, which is consistent with the figurative-conceptual paradigm of text units formed on the basis of changing narrative strategies of the author, connected by means of associative cohesion, determines the centripetal nature of the text of this literary work.
VERBAL ACTUALISATION OF HOLOGRAPHIC EFFECTS IN URBAN SPACE DESCRIPTION (A STUDY OF VIRGINIA WOOLF’S "MRS DALLOWAY")
Authors: Movchan D.
Published: December 2021

This paper highlights the current state of interpreting the concept of space in literary text as a trend in present-day philological studies. This concept reflects the internal structural and compositional features of literary text and its fragments, further determining its genre features and the author’s individual style characteristics. The paper systematizes the theoretical foundations for the study of literary space, while clarifying the phenomenon of urban space, viewed from semantic and structural perspectives. It focuses on the combination and integration of various semiotic codes and modes of perception against the background of the artistic imitation of other arts, including architecture. The effect of portraying the majesty and congestion of the urban life, its noisy and vibrant nature is achieved due to combining a variety of techniques, which provides a three-dimensional description of the cityscape. The research reveals the mechanisms of verbal holography in the system of urban space representational modes in Virginia Woolf ‘s "Mrs Dalloway",  reached through implicit and explicit multimodality along with manifestations of intermediality. Describing the life of London with Big Ben and the Palace of Westminster as its symbols,  Virginia Woolf skillfully combines their audible and visual facets not only as of artifacts, but also as part of nature, emphasizing its impact on the atmosphere of the city. The research proves that   verbal manifestations of multimodality, detected in the course of analysis, reinforce each other, clearly demonstrating the liveliness and fullness of urban London. The paper concludes with outlining vectors of  further research  addressing holographic effects in spatial descriptions of cities and towns, while systematizing verbal means used to represent urban space in English literary prose of modernism, as well as defining their functions in literary works  by British and American modernist writers.
RENAISSANCE RESEARCH ON SIMILE (16TH–18TH CENTURIES)
Authors: Oleniak M.
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the study of the concepts of simile in the Renaissance during the 16th –18th centuries in both Western and Eastern traditions. It outlines the transition from the classical fundamentals to their renaissance interpretation in the European specialized literature, the original texts of which became the subject of analysis. The correlation of terminology of different epochs is established and the dependence of scientific thought on the historical stage of society development is highlighted. It was found that because simile was regarded as a rhetorical figure, interest in it was limited to specific practical tasks related to the art of eloquence and, to a lesser extent, belles-lettres style. The functions of the described category, which were singled out by leading linguists, are stated as well as the most influential researchers who deepened the development of the basic principles of simile interpretation by classical rhetoricians. The article proves that the content, scope and hierarchy of terms for simile differ depending on the eras and the authors of rhetoric, reflecting the specifics of translation of ancient Greek and Latin texts, the development of linguistic thought and deepening the analysis of ancient Greeks and Romans. It is established that only at the end of the 18th century the English term "simile" was introduced as a descendant of a number of ambiguous, not always specialized terms (homoeosis, icon, paradigm, parabola, similitude, resemblance, comparison), often synonymous with one another.
SURZHIK AS A LANGUAGE BARRIER IN THE PROCESS OF MASTERING THE LITERARY NORM OF THE LANGUAGE
Authors: Pryshchepa O. , Chernysh O. , Biloshytska Z.
Published: December 2021

The topicality of the study lies in the fact that the level of language proficiency is considered a criterion in characterizing intellectual and cultural development of the society.
Nowadays in Ukraine we have the problem of so called surzhik, which is the result of long-term coexistence of Ukrainian and Russian languages in Ukraine. Surzhik is a mixture of grammatical features of two languages − Ukrainian and Russian, thus it is a mixed language that grammatically is neither of the languages mentioned above.
Surzhik negatively contributes to the foundations of the national language. Moreover, it is the result of illiterate language use. Therefore, it becomes a serious obstacle in communication between students and teachers during the classes.
Furthermore, the results of a poll of 200 students of higher education institutions in Zhytomyr prove that students who speak surzhik speak neither Ukrainian nor Russian fluently. In addition, they have low speech self-esteem. Thus, at least 22% of respondents do not have a clear understanding of which language they speak. Consequently, it signifies about the immaturity of their linguistic personality.
Therefore, the aim of the study is to determine, based on the survey data, for which language group and to what extent surzhik is a speech barrier in the process of studying the literary norm of Ukrainian and whether there is any relationship between the ability to master its literary norm and readiness to learn a foreign language. The authors use the methods of sociology − questionnaires and statistical processing of data. The results of the research prove that surzhik is a speech barrier not only in mastering the literary norm of native language, but also in learning a foreign language.
SEMANTIC AND LINGUOCULTURAL SPECIFICITY OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH COMPONENTS HEN, CHICKEN IN THE MODERN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Shulenok O.
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the study of ornithonyms "hen", "chicken", which are part of the phraseology of the modern Ukrainian language. The object of phraseology is considered in a broad sense of the word – this intermediate level includes both idioms and proverbs, sayings, idiomatic figurative comparisons, and so on. It is found that phraseological units with the names «hen», «chicken» are widely represented in the Ukrainian language and are actively used by speakers to enhance the figurative characteristics of man, the situation, quite fully and conceptually represent different areas of material and spiritual life. The semantic and linguistic-cultural peculiarities of idiomatic expressions with ornithonyms "hen", "chicken" are analyzed. It is determined that the semantic structures of the studied phrases contain a significant number of metaphorical meanings used to denote a person. It is established that the majority of idioms with studied components describe human traits: positive (caring, diligence, observation, humility, gentleness) and negative (cunning, foolishness, carelessness, talkativeness, greed, meanness, deceit, indecision, dirtiness, etc). In addition, constant expressions that characterize emotional states (joy, sadness, fussiness, anger, loneliness, etc.), social statuses (wealth, poverty, family relationships), physical characteristics (poor eyesight, hunger), appearance are given in the article. Phraseological units related to the main function of a hen (laying eggs), chicken feed (cereals) and predators (fox), which pose a danger to hens, are also widely represented in the Ukrainian language. Symbolism, existing signs, beliefs associated with these birds are studied. The examples of functioning the analyzed ornithophraseologisms in literary and publicist texts are given. The typical conception that exists in the collective consciousness of Ukrainians about the names "hen", "chicken" is also highlighted.
LITERARY WORK IN THE SYSTEM OF CULTURE
Authors: Astrakhan N.
Published: December 2021

The article considers a literary work in the context of the problem of preservation and development of cultural traditions, in particular the traditions of an author's literary and artistic creativity and reader`s co-creation. These traditions are characterized as fundamental to culture as a whole in the context of Yu. Lotman's ideas about the semiosphere as a semiotic space, which is both a prerequisite and a result of the functioning of culture. The intersection of dialogical-communicative, aesthetic-receptive, and ontological-hermeneutic understanding of a literary work presupposes a productive going beyond the narrow literary perspective on this phenomenon, requires the expansion of the theoretical scope of its subject. It is about realizing the special role of literature and, in particular, literary works representing it in the process of dialogical self-disclosure of creative individuals who need artistic expression to reconstruct the position of the other, necessary in the course of artistic cognition and self-knowing. Understanding and self-understanding, achieved in the process of dialogical interaction with the other in the space of a literary work, become a prerequisite for the fullness of life meeting the spiritual needs of personal development. Moreover, a literary work, potentially open to any person, becomes a crossroads of different cultures and eras, a mechanism for the formation and manifestation of the integrity of culture, the unity of mankind, the continuity of culture genesis.
The need to return to the position of the author, to restore the idea of ​​the semantic center of the work outlined by the author is stated. By analogy with the concept of "Text", developed by R. Bart, it is proposed to use the concept of "Author", meaning a set of personal dialogic relationships of the author of a literary work with other authors and readers, open into the infinity of time perspective. This understanding of the author's position is aimed to prevent the simularization of a literary work, contribute to the preservation of it as a cultural value, an important tool of culture genesis.
NARRATIVE SPECIFICITY OF THE SHORT STORY "HEY YOU, LITTLE BARRELL..." BY V. VYNNYCHENKO
Authors: Horban A.
Published: December 2021

The paper discusses the methodological potential of narratology that extends beyond the boundaries of traditional poetics taking the text of Volodymyr Vynnychenko’s short story "Hey you, little barrell..." as a case study. G. Genette’s definitions of the basic categories of narratology, such as story, discourse, anachronies, narrator’s types and functions, narrative distance and focalization are discussed. First and foremost, categories and paradigms introduced by G. Genette increase the possibilities of literary analysis. For example, there is no concept of a subject of vision (a focalizer) in traditional poetics. The paradigm of narrative perspective (focalization) developed by G. Genette is very important for studies of the narratives, besides, the narrative technique of modernism without this category is incomprehensible at all. Traditional poetics does not pay enough attention to anachrony, considering it together with other "off-plot elements", although analepsis and prolepsis are neither discursive nor descriptive. G. Genette presents detailed classification of analepsises and prolepsises, that determines the functionality of the analysis in context. Secondly, the paper clarifies, that the method of G. Genette’s narratology is not limited to tracing narrative categories as elements – it is also about their constant interrelation, i.e. the narrative model of the stories.
Vynnychenko’s short story is analyzed in terms of correlations between telling, showing and talking, as well as displays of character’s discourse and attributive discourse. The artistic viability of anachronies (analepses and prolepses) is examined in the compositional and semantic aspects. The paper focuses on some specific features of Vynnychenko’s narrative style, such as dominance of mimesis over diegesis, as well as narrative distance and the author’s self-elimination by means of focalization (both the internal and external one) that are typical for modernist writing.
THE PAINFUL EXISTENCE IN THE BOLESŁAW LEŚMIAN’S POEM "AT NIGHT"
Authors: Pavlinchuk T.
Published: December 2021

The paper deals with poetic translation analysis of the poem "At Night"of the Polish poet Bolesław Leśmian. The appearance of Bolesław Leśmian’s poetry in Ukrainian translation (the collections of selected works "Садбожий спалахненець" and "Ангели" translated by M. Kiianovska) has become an important event. The researcher focuses their attention on the contextual, poetic, poetical, artistic and stylistic peculiarities of the poem "At Night", in connection with the philosophic and literary views of the poet. The wide range of scientific works on Bolesław Leśmian’s poetry in Polish literary studies allows us to study different aspects of this poet’s poetics: symbolism, peculiarities of the artistic images creation, the appeal to folk sources, the language of his literary works, the image of God in his poetry, the role of rhythm, immediacy of worldview and creating the world anew in "song without words" etc.  The poetics of the poem has been studied, its interpretation is based on the unity of compositional, semantic, figurative elements of the poem.
The translation analysis, aimed at the study of structural and semantic features of the poem "At Night" in Ukrainian translation, is concentrated on the author’s peculiarities of creating images and their representation by M. Kiianovska in her translation of the poem. The author of the article focuses on the concept of the original and translation, the overall mood of the poem, its content, figurative system, structure, rhythmic organization, the rhyming system of the translation and the original. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the selection of lexical equivalents, the poetic syntax of the poem and other translation techniques on the way to better understanding of the text, the artistic images creation and grammatical and compositional integrity of the translation of the poem.
METACRITICISM AS A LITERARY PROBLEM
Authors: Savyna A.
Published: December 2021

The latest decades are associated with an active rethinking of the existing literary and philosophical achievements, which are reflected significantly in changes and refinements in contemporary literary terminology. Along with the already known concepts such as "literature", "postmodernism", "criticism", the concepts "metafiction", "metamodernism" and "metacriticism" exist and become popular. At the same time, one may notice that the widely used now prefix meta- lays claim to a greater depth and coverage of higher horizons. If criticism marks the analysis, comprehension, and interpretation of literary works, then metacriticism focuses on literary-critical, historical-literary, and methodological researches, thus showing "criticism of criticism". The article deals with a complex analysis of the concept of "metacriticism". On the one hand, both aesthetic and philosophical approaches to the understanding of the notion of criticism are taken into account – starting from the antique times to Karl Popper’s critical-rationalistic approach. On the other hand, it is found that metacriticism as a phenomenon dates back to the end of the XVIII century when the works of two famous German philosophers Johann Georg Hamann’s "Metacritique on Purism of Reason" and Johan Gottfried Herder’s "Metacriticism of Critique of Pure Reason" were published as a debate on Immanuel Kant’s ideas. Based on the available data, it is found that metacriticism is a rather convenient multilevel term that may qualitatively contain various interpretations, including the criticism of criticism, metascience concerning criticism, criticism of the highest level, short form of the term "metaphysical critique" as a critique of "metaphysical realism". At the same time, while taking into account the current trends of the digital age, metacriticism becomes a product of digital technology - popular platforms for writing reviews, making discussions, and even creating a virtual library, such as site Metacritic, the English-language portal Goodreads and its Russian equivalent Livelib. The article itself does not exhaust the problem of metacriticism as a multidimensional phenomenon, but it provides opportunities for further and deeper studies of the outlined issues, in particular within the context of theoretical and literary discourse.
АРХЕТИПИ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МЕНТАЛЬНОСТІ: СОЦІАЛЬНО-ФІЛОСОФСЬКИЙ АНАЛІЗ
Authors: Гордійчук О.
Published: December 2021

У статті представлено аналіз національного менталітету як духовно-інтелектуального феномену гетерогенної природи, що поєднує у собі усвідомлювані та неусвідомлювані (підсвідомі) складові. Проаналізовано основні архетипи української ментальності як екзистенціали буття української нації, що сформувалися протягом століть відповідно до географічного положення, природно-кліматичних умов, історії та низки інших чинників. Досліджено особливості формування архетипів української ментальності та їх вплив на соціокультурні явища та суспільно-політичне життя загалом.
ПОСТАНОВКА СИСТЕМЫ ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ НАБЛЮДЕНИЙ ДЛЯ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ГЕОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ
Authors: Александров П.Н. , Непеина К.С.
Published: December 2021

Геофизические наблюдения, осуществляемые в пассивном режиме (без использования
активных источников) в заданной точке позволяют наблюдать изменения петрофизических
характеристик, наиболее чувствительным из которых является неоднородность, формирующаяся за
счет анизотропии свойств. Для частного случая бианизотропных сред в работе [29] была установлена
явная корреляция между двумя группами анизотропных эффективных свойств - проводимостью и
упругостью. В результате изменения напряженно-деформирования состояния литосферы происходит
структурно-текстурная перестройка горной породы, которая на макромасштабном уровне выражается
в изменении макроанизотропных электромагнитных параметров геосреды. При изучении
электромагнитных полей обычно получают отклик в макропараметрах, таких как распределение
удельного электрического сопротивления. Для учёта внутреннего строения горной породы в
макропараметрах необходимо осуществить переход от микронеоднородной среды к однородной
анизотропной (эффективным средам).
ПОЛЕ ПОГЛОЩЕНИЯ В СЕЙСМОАКТИВНЫХ РАЙОНАХ И СЕЙСМИЧЕСКИЙ МОНИТОРИНГ
Authors: Аптикаева О.И.
Published: December 2021

Сейсмический мониторинг в сейсмоактивных районах предназначен, прежде всего, для
оценки текущего сейсмического режима территории и отдельных её зон, а также выявления (или
уточнения) связи очагов землетрясений с геодинамическими зонами. В случаях, когда наблюдения
продолжаются длительное время, или в период возросшей сейсмической активности (например, в
эпицентральных зонах), когда регистрируется большое число событий с продолжительной кодой, для
выявления здесь вариаций поля поглощения может привлекаться метод короткопериодной коды.
Методика построения трехмерной структуры поля поглощения поперечных волн по
короткопериодной коде в сейсмоактивных районах [1, 2] опробована на данных более чем 40-летнего
сейсмического мониторинга на Гармском прогностическом полигоне в Таджикистане и использована
на Алтае, Кавказе, в Восточной Анатолии, а также в эпицентральных областях ряда сильнейших
землетрясений. В данной работе представлены результаты таких исследований в нефтегазоносном
Ферганском бассейне.