bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Dielectric modulated Step-Channel junction less TFET(DM-SC-JLTFET) for label-free detection of Brest cancer Cells: Design and Sensitivity analysis
Authors: Bitra Jayalakshmi , Komanapalli Gurumurthy
Published: June 2023

This work designs a novel dielectric modulated step channel Junctionless tunnel field effect (DM-SC-JLTFET) for the label-free detection of breast cancer cells using their dielectric constant (K) values. The dielectric modulation technique is exploited to detect breast cancer cells (BCC) whose K values are observed at 200 MHz frequency using an open-ended coaxial probe technique. The charge plasma concept is employed to suppress the random dopant fluctuation (RDF). The usage of this concept rendering the complex fabrication process simple and affordable. A novel step channel structure has been implemented with reduced substrate thickness for the TFET device that improves the efficacy of the biosensor. The proposed device uses on-current (Ion) and ambipolar current (Iamb) to measure the sensitivity of cancer biomolecules. An in-depth analysis has been carried out for the biosensor by considering performance parameters such as the electrostatics of the device, energy band diagram, lateral electric field, and threshold voltage (Vth). The device sensitivity is analyzed using parameters like Ion/Ioff, Ioff/Iamb current ratio, Subthreshold Swing (SS), and Vth. The proposed device reports high detection sensitivity of 2.683x106 and a low SS of 32 mV/dec for breast cancer cell biomolecule T47D (K = 32), effectively reducing the RDF effect. The simulated device shows enhanced sensitivity and higher compatibility for breast cancer cell detection, and this device will be an excellent alternative to classical vivo breast cancer detection.
Insight into antibiotic degradation through photocatalysis processes: Photocatalysts semiconductors, transformation products and influencing factors
Authors: Silva Michelle Reis da , Cunha Deivisson Lopes , Saggioro Enrico Mendes
Published: June 2023

Population growth and globalization have led to increasing demands for antibiotics to treat bacterial infections. However, the excessive use of these drugs and their continuous discharge into the aquatic environment now comprise a significant concern, in view of the development of resistant microorganisms. In this scenario, photocatalytic processes comprise an interesting alternative for removing antibiotics from the aquatic environment, due to their high efficiency and non-toxicity. This review discusses recent heterogeneous photocatalysis trends and applications aiming at the removal of the main antibiotics commonly found in aquatic environments (Sulfamethaxazole - SMX, Ciprofloxacin - CIP and Tetracycline - TET). Studies assessing optimal operating conditions, the different photocatalysts (TiO2, ZnO, VO4, WO) used during the process, pH values, matrix effects, transformation products and residual antimicrobial activity are examined. Reaction mechanisms are detailed for each antibiotic, although only 12% of the articles included in this review assessed potential reaction mechanisms. Even though high antibiotic removal efficiencies are reported, residual antibacterial activities are still persistent following photocatalytic processes. Furthermore, studies lack a broader approach in evaluating photocatalytic antibiotic degradation efficiencies. In addition to evaluating parent molecule degradation and reaction parameters, further assessments employing more complex matrices (conducted in only 5% of the included studies) and environmentally relevant contaminant concentrations are also required. The main contribution of this review consists in explaining the relationship between antibiotics and photocatalysis applications and in outlining ways to remove antibiotics from wastewater for safe reuse, meeting United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 6).
Optimization of low-impact development facility area based on surrogate model
Authors: Feng Jing , Yang Yuanyuan , Li Jianzhu
Published: June 2023

Low impact development (LID) facilities are an important element of sponge cities. In this paper, a system of siting suitability indicators was established for three types of LID facility: green roofs, permeable pavement and rain gardens. Based on the superposition analysis tool of ArcGIS, the suitable area and its upper limit of the LID facilities in each sub-catchment were determined respectively. A non-linear function of the LID deployment area and rainfall characteristics was constructed separately using a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) as a surrogate model. The results showed that: (1) The upper limit of the suitable area for the deployment of green roofs in each sub-catchment ranged from 5.46% to 22.87%. The upper limit of the suitable layout area for permeable pavement was between 8.31% and 23.65%. The maximum percentage of suitable area for rain gardens was between 18.12% and 36.95%. (2) The final layout scheme of the LID facilities was selected when the total outflow from the sub-catchment was 10,700,000 m3, the peak discharge was 3.49 m3/s and the total investment in construction and management was 0.76 billion Yuan. (3) The total outflow reduction rate of the sub-catchment under the LID model ranged from 32.15% to 40.29%, and the peak discharge reduction rate ranged from 17.93% to 36.20%. (4) The computation time of the surrogate optimization model could be compressed to 0.37% of that of SWMM violent optimization. The surrogate optimization model had both good convergence measure and diversity measure. This paper provides new ideas for the optimal deployment of LID facilities.
Smart Embedded Health Monitoring System and Secure Electronic Health Record (EHR) Transactions Using Blockchain Technology
Authors: V VijayaDeepa , AL Sriram , B Thamotharan , Mahto Dindayal , R Venkatesan , P Rajendiran
Published: June 2023

The proposed work integrates a smart Embedded health monitoring system with IoT. The data that is sensed and analyzed from the system is secured using blockchain technology and is transmitted and further analyzed. Blockchains are used in various sectors. Mainly they are welcomed for their secure transactions and the privacy that we can ensure through it. In this paper, our proposed system explored its uses in the Health Care sector. The health sector is where information is of privacy concern for patients and needed information for doctors treating them. Blockchain is the best-suited solution for Identity and Access Management (IAM) needed in the HealthCare sector. As blockchains have different types named public and private blockchains, We recommend private blockchains be implemented where no anyone can make transactions and mine the transactions. Patients, Doctors, and hospital organizations care for their privacy, and authorized access to others’ data, is the reason for the choice of the private blockchain. Adding to the IAM, blockchain also accounts for flexibility, decentralization, and an Immutable ledger. Those operations are authenticated and authorized by a blockchain Admin who has no relationship with the entities that exist in the network. The owner of the data is given the sole control of permitting access to their data. Our system asks patients for permission to be given to any doctor who is requesting access to that data. Also, patients can permit a doctor they want within the network. Hyperledger uses no online currencies hence no miners to wait for. This is important as it reduces the waiting time for a transaction to be verified. REST API is used for collecting information requested from the blockchain and presenting it to the end-users. Our system provides a secure, reliable, and IAM-included network in a webpage that can be accessed across all devices.
The value of Heparin-binding protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in ARDS：a case control study
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Haitao , Wang Xuebing , Ma Shaolin
Published: June 2023

Background
Heparin-binding protein (HBP) play an important role in ARDS. Plasma HBP is a good biomarker on predicting ARDS, but the value of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) HBP in ARDS has not been studied.
Methods
We use cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce ARDS model in mice and study plasma HBP, BALF HBP and lung injury severity, lung wet/dry ratio and total protein levels in BALF. Also we included a total of 44 patients with ARDS and 38 patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE). We compared BALF and plasma HBP levels between the two groups and studied their correlation.
Results
Animal study show, compare with sham group, CLP group mice show significant higher lung WD Ratio(P = 0.002), BALF protein(P < 0.001), BALF HBP(P = 0.013) and plasma HBP(P = 0.003) than sham group. Lung injury index WD Ratio and BALF protein have significant correlation with plasma HBP and BALF HBP in CLP group mice. Plasma and BALF HBP also have significant correlation (P = 0.026). Study in patients showed there are significant difference in BALF HBP (P < 0.001), BALF Protein (P < 0.001) and Plasma HBP (P < 0.001) between ARDS and CPE patients. There are significant correlation between P/F ratio and BALF HBP(P = 0.005) and plasma HBP(P = 0.021).We also found a strong correlation between BALF HBP and plasma HBP levels (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Our study suggests that both in animal or human, Both BALF and Plasma HBP were significantly increased during lung injury, and were significantly correlated with the severity of lung injury, while BALF was better correlated with lung injury. BALF is associated with elevated plasma HBP levels. BALF HBP could be used as a biomarker to guide the diagnosis and treatment of ARDS.
Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in neonatal “Near Miss” in Brazil
Authors: Marano Daniele , Pereira Theonas Gomes , Fonseca Vânia Matos
Published: June 2023

Objective To assess the association between sociodemographic and perinatal factors and hospital practices to encourage exclusive breastfeeding in near miss neonates in maternity hospitals.Methods This is a prospective cohort with 518 cases of neonatal near miss evaluated between 2011 and 2012. Exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge and 45 days after delivery were dependent variables of the study. The sociodemographic and perinatal factors of the puerperal women and hospital practices to encourage breastfeeding were independent variables.Results Mothers with incomplete elementary education were more likely to have exclusive breastfeeding at discharge. Women who did not offer the breast to the newborn in the joint accommodation were less likely to be breastfeeding exclusively at discharge. Primiparity and having the newborn in the delivery room were associated with exclusive breastfeeding after 45 days of delivery.Conclusion Exclusive breastfeeding in neonatal near misses was associated with maternal characteristics and hospital practices.
Construction of prognostic model and molecular subtypes based on endoplasmic reticulum stress-related lncRNAs in endometrial cancer
Authors: Wang Caixia , Luo Yue , Yin Rutie
Published: June 2023

Background
Recently, TCGA molecular typing of endometrial cancer is a research hotspot and plays an important role in clinical practice. However, microsatellite instability hypermutated and low copy number groups still lack a clear prognostic significance. Here, we established a prognostic model and molecular subtypes on the basis of ten ERS-related lncRNAs in UCEC, which complement TCGA molecular subtypes.
Methods
Significant ERS-related lncRNAs were identified through co-expression and differential analysis of the TCGA cohort. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), univariate and multivariate Cox regression methods, we collected ten ERS-related lncRNAs, developed a prognostic model and molecular subtypes, and analyzed overall survival (OS), tumor microenvironment (TME), and drug susceptibility. Afterwards, we validated the predictive accuracy of the ERS score and developed a nomogram to optimize the ERS prognostic model.
Results
High ERS score and cluster 1 predicted shorter OS in UCEC. ERS score and molecular subtypes were related to immune responses, checkpoints, and drug sensitivity. To sum up, our research indicates that ERS prognostic model and molecular subtypes contribute to the formation of the diverse and complex TME and predict OS as well as drug sensitivity in UCEC.
Conclusions
Collectively, we constructed a prognostic model and molecular subtypes based on ten ERS-related lncRNAs. Findings from this study will provide a deeper understanding of how ERS-related lncRNAs function in UCEC, allow for new directions in prognostic assessment, and help develop personalized treatments for UCEC patients.
Single-cell transcriptome sequencing reveals alfalfa root tip developmental landscape
Authors: Yan Zhenfei , Yan Su , He Yong , Ma Lichao , Li Shuo , Liang Jian , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Gong Yayun , Cong Lili , Wang Zengyu , Yang Guofeng
Published: June 2023

Background: Root development relies on establishing stem cells and meristems, which differentiate into different heterogeneous cell types with varying temporal and spatial gradients. Constructing the developmental trajectories and dissecting the transcriptional regulatory networks of these cells, therefore, improves the functional understanding of the stem cells and meristems of dicot root tips. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has more advantages in obtaining the dynamic expression of genes in time and space than traditional RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Pseudo-time trajectory analysis enables a re-study of the developmental process of root tips, stem cells, and meristems.
Results: This study used high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze 11,344 cells of the 5-day-old alfalfa root tips and identified 17 cell clusters and cluster-specific marker genes. Pseudo-time analysis of the single-cell transcriptome data using an unsupervised algorithm enabled the reconstruction of developmental trajectories between cells in different developmental states. The gene expression status during the differentiation of meristem cells was also revealed.
Conclusions: Our study constructed a single-cell transcriptomic map of alfalfa roots and revealed heterogeneity among the different root cells. The study also conducted a single-cell resolution of the root cells during differentiation and intermediate transitions. The gene expression characteristics of the living cells provide valuable information and a resource library for studying the developmental biology of alfalfa.
Insulin-induced Gene 2 Protects against Hepatic Ischemia-reperfusion Injury via Metabolic Remodeling
Authors: Wu Yichao , Li Changbiao , Khan Abid Ali , Chen Kangchen , Su Renyi , Shengjun Xu , Sun Yiyang , Gao Fengqiang , Wang Kai , Wang Xiaodong , Lian Zhengxing , Wang Shuo , Yu Mengyuan , Hu Xin , Yang Fan , Zheng Shusen , Qiu Nasha , Liu Zhikun , Xu Xiao
Published: June 2023

Background:Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is the primary reason for complications following hepatectomy and liver transplantation (LT). Insulin-induced gene 2 (Insig2) is one of several proteins that anchor the reticulum in the cytoplasm and is essential for metabolism and inflammatory responses. However, its function in IR injury remains ambiguous.
Methods: Insig2 global knock-out (KO) mice and mice with adeno-associated-virus8 (AAV8)-delivered Insig2 hepatocyte-specific overexpression were subjected to a 70% hepatic IR model. Assessment of liver injury was performed by monitoring hepatic histology, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis. Hypoxia/reoxygenation stimulation (H/R) of primary hepatocytes was used for in vitro experiments. Multi-omics analysis of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics was used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying Insig2.
Results: Insig2 expression was significantly reduced in both clinical samples undergoing LT and the mouse IR model. Our findings showed that Insig2 depletion significantly aggravated IR-induced hepatic inflammation, cell death and injury, whereas Insig2 overexpression caused the opposite phenotypes. The results of in vitro H/R experiments were consistent with those in vivo. Mechanistically, multi-omics analysis revealed that Insig2 is associated with an increase in antioxidant pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activity. The inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD), rate-limited enzyme of PPP, rescued the protective effect of Insig2 overexpression exacerbating the liver injury. Finally, our findings indicated that mouse IR injury could be attenuated through the development of a nanoparticle delivery system that enable liver-targeted delivery of substrate (glucose 6-phosphate) of PPP.
Conclusions: Insig2 has a protective function in liver IR by upregulating the PPP activity. This may serve as a viable therapeutic target for alleviating hepatic IR.
The potential coordination benefits in disease control - evidence from rabies elimination efforts in Africa
Authors: Bucher Alvar , Dimov Artemiy , Fink Günther , Chitnis Nakul , Bonfoh Bassirou , Zinsstag Jakob
Published: June 2023

Background
Previous research suggests that dog mass vaccination campaigns can eliminate rabies locally, resulting in large human and animal life gains. Despite these demonstrated benefits, dog vaccination programs remain scarce on the African continent.
Methods
In this paper, we conduct a detailed benefit-cost analysis to demonstrate that the low deployment of dog vaccination campaigns is the result of systematic coordination failure between key stakeholders, resulting in a suboptimal policy equilibrium. Combining the most recent cost and effectiveness data with a mathematical model of rabies transmission, we compute the benefits and costs of multiple strategies for 48 countries in mainland Africa.
Findings
Lack of or incomplete human post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and not vaccinating dogs is currently the dominant practice for all countries in Africa. We show that coordinated dog mass vaccination between countries and PEP would lead to the elimination of dog rabies in Africa with total welfare gains of USD 9.5 billion (95% CI: 8.1 – 11.4 billion). Uncoordinated dog mass vaccination between countries and incomplete human PEP have lower welfare gains and don’t lead to the elimination of dog rabies. Nevertheless, for many countries, even with the possibility of reintroduction of rabies from other countries, mass dog vaccination is the dominant strategy in the game-theoretic sense.
Interpretation
Coordinated disease control between African countries can lead to more socially and ecologically equitable outcomes by reducing the number of lost human lives to almost zero and possibly eliminating rabies. African inter-governmental platforms like the African Union Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources (AU-IBAR) and regional platforms like the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) are best placed to achieve such coordination.
Coexistence of early gastric cancer and benign submucosal lesions mimic invasive cancer: a retrospective multicenter experience
Authors: YANG Huawei , LI Zhen , WEI Zhi , LI Guodong , LI Yi , WU Shanbin , JI Rui
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To present a study to identify the characteristics of coexisting early gastric cancer (EGC) and benign submucosal lesions, with the aim of reducing the adverse consequences of overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
Methods:
In this retrospective study, we searched the endoscopic databases of three tertiary centers. We screened of patients suspected of early gastric cancer submucosal infiltration by conventional endoscopy and ultimately selected for endoscopic submucosal dissection treatment after endoscopic ultrasonography and magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging examination. Patients with coexisting EGC and benign submucosal lesions in histological sections were included. Clinical data and endoscopic images were reviewed. To evaluate the precision of endoscopists' diagnoses for this type of lesion, eight endoscopists with different experiences were recruited to judge the infiltration depth of these lesions and analyze the accuracy rate.
Results:
We screened 520 patients and retrospectively identified 18 EGC patients with an invasive cancer-like morphology. The most common lesion site was the cardia (12/18, 66.67%). The coexisting submucosal lesions could be divided into solid (5/18, 27.78%) and cystic (13/18, 72.22%). The most common type of submucosal lesion was gastritis cystica profunda (12/18, 66.67%), whereas leiomyoma was the predominant submucosal solid lesion (3/18, 16.67%). Ten (55.56%) patients underwent endoscopic ultrasonography; submucosal lesions were definitively diagnosed in 6 patients (60.00%). The accuracy of judgement of the infiltration depth was significantly lower in coexistence with EGC and benign submucosal lesions than in simple EGC (38.50% versus 65.60%, P = 0.0167), especially for inexperienced endoscopists, and the overdiagnosis rate was up to 75.00%.
Conclusions:
We should be aware of the coexistence of EGC and benign submucosal lesions, the most common of which is early cardiac-differentiated cancer with gastritis cystica profunda. Endoscopic ultrasonography is a useful modality for diagnosing these coexisting submucosal lesions.
Text mining and association rules-based analysis of 245 cement production accidents in a cement manufacturing plant
Authors: Wang Bing , Gong Yan , Zhou Jiasheng
Published: June 2023

Accidents such as collapse, fire, suffocation, poisoning, scalding and mechanical injuries occur frequently in cement industries. Understanding the causes of past accidents in cement companies is essential to prevent cement production accidents and reduce safety risks. However, there is currently no cause analysis of accidents that have occurred in cement companies. Hence, this paper takes cement accident cases as the basis of research, proposes a unified report analysis framework, combines data mining technology, probes deeply into the law of cement production accidents, and establishes cement accident causation analysis model to provide a basis for current safety management decisions. Firstly, 245 accident records were collected to categorize the causal factors of cement accidents in this plant according to the LDA model, and then a systematic accident causal analysis method was proposed according to the 24Model to establish a unified report analysis framework. Based on this, an improved Apriori algorithm suitable for multi-dimensional multi-layer cement enterprise accident correlation rule mining was proposed to improve the efficiency of accident mining. Using the improved Apriori algorithm, the correlation between accident causative factors and accident types as well as accident causative factors of cement enterprises was quantitatively mined, and targeted safety management suggestions were put forward.
Lumbar Multifidus Characteristics in University Level Athletes May be Predictors of Low Back Pain and Lower Limb Injury
Authors: Anstruther Meagan , Valentin Stephanie , Dover Geoffrey , Fortin Maryse
Published: June 2023

Background Low back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent in athletes, with lumbar multifidus (LM) atrophy and increased LM cross-sectional area (CSA) reported in athletes with LBP. Decreased LM CSA and thickness have also been previously associated with lower limb injury (LLI) in athletes. Yet, previous research has only investigated connections between LM, LBP, and LLI in small samples of athletes in a single sport at a time. The current study aimed to (1) examine LM morphology and function across a general sample of male and female university level varsity athletes; (2) investigate whether LM characteristics were predictors of LBP and LLI. Methods Exclusion criteria included previous severe spinal trauma or spinal fracture, spinal surgery, observable spinal abnormalities, and pregnancy. Ultrasound images of LM at L5 were acquired in prone and standing. Body composition was assessed with DEXA and a self-reported questionnaire provided demographics and history of injury. Paired t-tests and independent t-tests compared LM measurements between the sides and sex, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess if LM characteristics were predictors of LBP and LLI. Results 134 university varsity athletes (mean age, 21.0 ± 1.5, 84 male) were evaluated. LM CSA was larger on the non-dominant side in both males (non-dominant, 10.54 ± 1.55, dominant, 10.34 ± 1.58, p < 0.05) and females (non-dominant, 8.26 ± 1.32, dominant, 8.11 ± 1.33, p < 0.05) in prone. Increased LM thickness was associated with decreased odds of LBP in the previous 4-week (OR = 0.49 [0.27, 0.88], p = 0.02) and 3-month (OR = 0.43 [0.21, 0.89], p = 0.02) in the multivariable model, while a greater number of years playing at the university level was associated with increased odds of LBP (OR = 1.29 [1.01, 1.65], p = 0.04). Greater LM CSA asymmetry (OR = 1.14 [1.01, 1.28], p = 0.03) and sport (OR = 1.44 [1.04, 1.96], p = 0.02) were significant predictors of LLI in the previous 12 months. Conclusion Leg dominance may play a role in unilateral differences. LM thickness and LM CSA asymmetry were predictors of injury. Preseason screening of LM morphology and function could help identify athletes at risk of LBP and LLI. This could allow coaches, medical staff, and strength and conditioning staff to target these individuals and provide specific injury prevention programs.
Discharge to home from a palliative care unit: impact on survival and factors associated with home death after the discharge: a cohort study
Authors: Murakami Nozomu , Kajiura Shinya , Tanabe Kouichi , Tsukada Kenichiro , Shibata Kazuhiko , Minabe Yoshio , Morita Tatsuya , Hayashi Ryuji
Published: June 2023

Background
Staying at home during the dying process is important for many patients; and palliative care units (PCUs) can help facilitate home death. This study aimed to compare patient survival between those who were discharged to home from a palliative care unit and those who were not, and identify the factors associated with home death after the discharge.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study used a database of the patients admitted to a palliative care unit at Kouseiren Takaoka Hospital in Japan. All consecutive patients admitted to the hospital’s PCU between October 2016 and March 2020 were enrolled. Patient survival and factors potentially associated with survival and place of death were obtained. A total of 443 cancer patients were analyzed, and 167 patients were discharged to home and 276 were not.
Results
Propensity score matching analyses revealed that median survival time was significantly longer in patients who were discharged to home than those who were not (57 vs. 27 days, P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified that worse Palliative Prognostic Index and family members’ desire for home death were significantly associated with home death after their discharge (odds ratio, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.03, 1.44], p = 0.025 and 6.30 [2.32, 17.1], p < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions
This study found that discharge to home from palliative care units might have some positive impact on patient survival.
Follow up of Pre-motor Symptoms of Parkinson Disease In Adult Patients With Gaucher Disease Type I and Analysis of Their Lysosomal Enzyme Profiles in Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Wilke Matheus Vernet Machado Bressan , POSWAR Fabiano , BORELLI Wyllians Vendramini , Tirelli Kristiane Michelin , RANDON Devora , LOPES Franciele Fátima , PASETTO Fernanda Bender , SEBASTIÃO Fernanda Medeiros , IOP Gabrielle Dineck , FAQUETI Larissa , KUBASKI Francyne , Schuh Artur Francisco Schumacher , GIUGLIANI Roberto , Schwartz Ida
Published: June 2023

Background
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Its classic motor symptoms may be preceded by non-motor symptoms (NMS). Population studies have identified GBA variants as risk factors for idiopathic PD. The increased risk of PD has also been suggested in other Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs).
Objective
To assess the evolution of the prevalence of NMS compatible with PD in a cohort of South Brazilian adult patients with Gaucher Disease (GD) type 1, already evaluated 3 years ago. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) was collected to assess the levels of LSD enzymes (hexosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase) and biomarker of macrophage activation (chitotriosidase, ChT), compared to controls (metachromatic leukodystrophy, MLD). Cognition was evaluated by the MoCa questionnaire, daytime sleepiness by the Epworth Scale (ESS), depression by Beck´s Inventory, constipation by the UMSARS scale, and REM sleep behavior disorder by the single-question screen. Hyposmia was assessed with Sniffin’ Sticks (SST).
Results
Nineteen patients completed the follow up (mean age of the sample was 44 years; range, 26–71). The patient with the highest number of NMS at the baseline (4 including the lowest SST score) was diagnosed with PD four years later. Apart from an improvement in the ESS score, no other statistical significance was found between the number of NMS between the first and second evaluation, nor between patients with one L444P variant (n = 5) and the rest of the cohort. CSF was collected in five patients (mean age of the sample was 40 years, range 30–53. Significant difference was found between mean CSF activity of total hexosaminidase and beta glucuronidase between GD1 and MLD patients. Mean ChT (CSF) was 62 nmol/h/mL in GD patients and 142 in MLD (n = 7) patients.
Conclusions
The patient with the highest number of NMS in our 2018 cohort was the one that developed PD, corroborating with the importance of this longitudinal follow-up. CSF and plasma analysis might allow a better understanding of the neurodegenerative processes connecting PD and the lysosomal environment. Further analysis is needed to understand this relationship.
M2 TAM-related risk signature based on single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing to evaluate tumor immune microenvironment and predict prognosis in glioma
Authors: Dinghao Zheng , Liming Liu , Chengde Pan , Minghua Tao , Mingshan Tang
Published: June 2023

Background
Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor, and the treatment effect is still not satisfactory. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial in the incidence and development of tumors. Previous research has shown that TAMs are a vital ingredient of the tumor microenvironment and relate to tumor development, but their roles in glioma remain a mystery.
Results
In this study, we combined the TCGA dataset and GEO single-cell dataset to obtain 58 M2 TAM-related genes. Use univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO-Cox regression analysis to screen out ten prognostic-related genes and construct a prognostic signature. The CCGA dataset was used to validate the prognostic signature. TCGA and CCGA cohorts were divided into two groups based on the prognostic signature. The AUCs at 1, 3, and 5 years in the TCGA cohort were 0.81, 0.91 and0.90, and 0.67, 0.72 and 0.77 in the CCGA cohort, respectively. In addition, we developed a highly reliable nomogram based on prognostic signatures and clinical characteristics. According to Functional Enrichment Analysis, the differential genes between the two groups were enriched in immune-related pathways. The tumor immune microenvironment showed immune cell infiltration and immune responses are more pronounced in the high-risk group. Drug sensitivity prediction identifies twelve drugs sensitive to high-risk groups, with Bortezomib having the lowest IC50.
Conclusion
In summary, M2 TAM-related risk signature will assist clinical prognosis prediction and personalized treatment of glioma patients.
Diversity, Origin and Evolution of the ESCRT Systems
Authors: Makarova Kira , Tobiasson Victor , Wolf Yuri , Lu Zhongyi , Liu Yang , Zhang Siyu , Krupovic Mart , Li Meng , Koonin Eugene
Published: June 2023

ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport) is a multicomponent system that plays a key role in protein sorting between membrane-bounded compartments of eukaryotic cells. Homologs of many ESCRT components are identifiable in various groups of archaea but not in bacteria. We performed a comprehensive search for ESCRT protein homologs in archaea and attempted to reconstruct ESCRT evolution using as a scaffold the phylogenetic tree of Vps4 ATPase (ESCRT IV). This reconstruction suggests that the Last Archaeal Common Ancestor possessed a complex ESCRT system that was involved in protein sorting. Subsequent evolution involved either simplification, as in the TACK superphylum, where ESCRT was co-opted for cell division, or complexification as in Asgardarchaeota, the archaeal ancestors of eukaryotes. In Asgard archaea, distinct ESCRT components evolved by gene or domain duplication and recruitment of additional domains, and connection between ESCRT and the ubiquitin system previously considered a eukaryotic signature was established.
Trends in the growth of aggregated measures of failures in a steel conveyor belts core
Authors: Jurdziak Leszek , Błażej Ryszard , Rzeszowska Aleksandra , Kirjanów-Błażej Agata
Published: June 2023

The initial set of four measurements captures the failures occurring in the core of steel link conveyor belt segments used in a lignite coal mine in Poland. These measurements utilize the DiagBelt+ magnetic system, enabling the analysis of averaged damage sizes. Specifically, the sizes of digital damage signals in a 2D image of the belt are examined, with "x" representing the size along the belt axis and "y" representing the size across the belt (measured in the number of channels detecting damage times 25 mm).
The loop of the 2021-meter-long conveyor belt consisted of 11 segments of different ages. Measurements were conducted four times over a span of less than 2 years, allowing for the observation of averaged size changes for a maximum of 6 different time intervals ranging from 1 to 19 months (approximately 1, 6, 7, 12, 13, and 19 months). Due to the replacement of several segments during the analyzed period, five segments were examined only three times.
Conducting measurements on the same conveyor allowed for the examination of changes in the number and sizes of failures while maintaining the stability of all factors that could influence the rate of damage development. The type of material being conveyed (overburden), belt speed (6 m/s), and conveyor length (approximately 1 km) remained constant. The primary factor causing changes in the number and sizes of damages was, therefore, the duration of belt operation between measurements.
The aim of the research was to determine the nature of cumulative increases in length and width of failures in segments over time between measurements. It was found that these increases could be described by linear functions, but their growth rates (expressed by the slope coefficients of the lines) depended on the age of the belt at the time of the first measurement. A regression function was determined for the slope coefficients Ax and Ay in relation to the belt's age. The obtained results are of significant importance for the possibility of developing a reliable short-term forecast of the rate of damage changes in the following months based on the latest measurement. This allows for rational management of the belts, including planned replacement of segments based on their condition, preparation of a belt demand schedule, and aligning the budget with replacement needs.
Quantitative imaging of doxorubicin diffusion and cellular uptake in biomimetic gels with human liver tumor cells
Authors: Degerstedt Oliver , O’Callaghan Paul , Clavero Ada Lerma , Gråsjö Johan , Eriksson Olle , Sjögren Erik , Hansson Per , Heindryckx Femke , Kreuger Johan , Lennernäs Hans
Published: June 2023

Novel tumor-on-a-chip approaches are increasingly used to investigate tumor progression and potential treatment options. To improve the effect of any cancer treatment it is important to have an in depth understanding of drug diffusion, penetration through the tumor extracellular matrix and cellular uptake. In this study, we have developed a miniaturized chip where drug diffusion and cellular uptake in different hydrogel environments can be quantified at high resolution using live imaging. Diffusion of doxorubicin was reduced in a biomimetic hydrogel mimicking tissue properties of cirrhotic liver and early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (373 ± 108 µm2/s) as compared to an agarose gel (501 ± 77 µm2/s, p = 0.019). The diffusion was further lowered to 256 ± 30 µm2/s (p = 0.028) by preparing the biomimetic gel in cell media instead of phosphate buffered saline. The addition of liver tumor cells (Huh7 or HepG2) to the gel, at two different densities, did not significantly influence drug diffusion. Clinically relevant and quantifiable doxorubicin concentration gradients (1–20 µM) were established in the chip within one hour. Intracellular increases in doxorubicin fluorescence correlated with decreasing fluorescence of the DNA-binding stain Hoechst 33342, and based on the quantified intracellular uptake of doxorubicin an apparent cell permeability (9.00 ± 0.74 x 10− 4 µm/s for HepG2) was determined. Finally, the data derived from the in vitro model were applied to a spatio-temporal tissue concentration model to evaluate the potential clinical impact of a cirrhotic extracellular matrix on doxorubicin diffusion and tumor cell uptake.
Risk factors associated with pancreatic fistulas after pancreatoduodenectomy: development and internal validation of a preoperative nomogram
Authors: Namur Guilherme , Mazzucato Fernanda , Jureidini Ricardo , Ribeiro Thiago , Figueira Estela , Rocha Manoel , Ribeiro Ulysses
Published: June 2023

Background
Most complications after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) are due to pancreatic fistula (PF). Therefore, predicting PF is important to individualize treatment. The aim of this study is to develop a preoperative nomogram to predict PF after PD.
Methods
From January 2009 to January 2018, patients that underwent PD were reviewed. After univariate analyses, variables with p < 0.1 were selected for a multivariate analysis. Variables with p < 0.05 were then included in the nomogram, which was internally validated in a different set of patients.
Results
Out of 180 patients evaluated, 19.4% experienced PF. Risk factors for PF were male gender (OR = 2.89), higher BMI (OR = 1.14) and pancreatic duct diameter ≤ 3 mm (OR = 3.52). Weight loss greater than 10% was protective against PF (OR = 0.16). Using these four variables, a preoperative nomogram was built. The nomogram performed well in the validation set (n = 82 patients, 25.6% with PF) with an area under the ROC curve of 0.798.
Conclusions
male gender, main pancreatic duct ≤ 3 mm and higher BMI are risk factors for PF, while weight loss is protective for it. With these variables, it was possible to build a nomogram that accurately predicts the occurrence of PF.
Effects of Aromatherapy on Pain, Stress, and Behaviors of Newborns: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Başdaş Öznur , Özbey Harun , Oğul Gülşah , Güneş Tamer
Published: June 2023

Complementary care applications such as aromatherapy can be used to reduce the negative effects of newborns such as pain and stress. This study was conducted as a randomized controlled double-blind trial to examine the effects of massage and bathing using lavender oil on the pain, stress and behavior of newborns (This clinical trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov with ID number NCT05770999). The sample of the study included 45 term newborns (15 lavender massage groups, 15 lavender bath groups, 15 control groups) with a postnatal age of 1-5 days and a gestational age of 38-42 weeks, who could tolerate enterally administered nutrients, were not connected to a respiratory support device, had no skin disease, had no genetic or chromosomal anomalies, and did not undergo surgical intervention, at least one of the parents gave written consent. Ethics Committee and necessary permissions were obtained for the research, and the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki were complied with. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, Repeated Measures ANOVA and One-Way ANOVA tests were used to evaluate the data. It was determined that the ALPS- Neo scores of the newborns in the lavender massage group decreased at the 5th minute after the study compared to the before the study. It was determined that the ABSS scores of the newborns in the lavender massage group decreased at the 5th minute after the study compared to the before the study. It was determined that the mean difference between the ALPS-Neo scores of the newborns in the lavender massage group was higher than the other groups. It can be said that aromatherapy massage with lavender oil is more effective in reducing pain and stress levels and improving behavioral outcomes in newborns than a bath application made by adding lavender oil. It is recommended to encourage the application of aromatherapy massage in newborn clinics, to inform parents and to include more studies on this subject.
Highly chemo/regioselective alkoxycarbonylation of terminal allenes catalyzed by Ru/N-ligand system
Authors: Wang Peng , Shi Huibing , Feng Baolin , Zhao Deming , Wu Haigang
Published: June 2023

The Ru-catalyzed highly selective alkoxycarbonylation of allenes with aliphatic alcohols allow to produce useful α, β-unsaturated esters in good to excellent yields under mild condition (temperature is 70 oC). Efficient regioselectivity could be controlled in the presence of N-ligands while the P-ligands had no influence on the conversion of substrates and the chemo/regioselectivity of target products. By involving N-ligand (4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, N9) in the catalytic system, α, β-unsaturated esters were obtained with high conversion and chemo/regioselectivity (Conversion up to 99 %, chemical selectivity up to 99 %, regioselectivity of branched ester/linear ester up to 89/11).
Tet2-mediated macrophage activation promotes liver regeneration
Authors: Chen Yiyuan , Meng Lijun , Xu Nan , Chen Huan , Wei Xuyong , Lu Di , Wang Shuai , Xu Xiao
Published: June 2023

Objective Macrophages are predominant immune cells that secret IL-6 and HGF to promote liver regeneration after liver resection. Ten-eleven translocation- 2 (Tet2) DNA dioxygenase regulates the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages. In this study, we explored the role of Tet2 in macrophages and its function independent of its enzymatic activity in liver regeneration.
Methods A 70% partial hepatectomy mice model was established. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunofluorescences, and flow cytometry were performed to explore the infiltration and phenotypes of immune cells in mice models. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to study the interaction of Tet2 with Stat1.
Results We found Tet2 in macrophages negatively regulates liver regeneration in the partial hepatectomy mice model. In mechanism, Tet2 interacts with Stat1 to inhibit the expressions of proinflammatory factors and suppress liver regeneration. Tet2 inhibitor BC339 attenuated the interaction of Stat1 and Tet2, enhanced Stat1 phosphorylation, and promoted hepatocyte proliferation. Notably, Tet2 also directly affected hepatocyte proliferation, independent of the IL-6-Stat3 signaling pathway.
Conclusion Tet2 in macrophages negatively regulates liver regeneration via interacting with Stat1. Our results suggest that specific targeting Tet2 in macrophages promotes the recovery of liver function after hepatectomy. Keywords Macrophage, Liver regeneration, partial hepatectomy, Tet2.
Association between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Renal Function: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhang Yuheng , Zhao Yuechun , Xu Zhijie , cheng Yongzhong , Sang Zhicheng
Published: June 2023

This article investigates whether there is a causal relationship between Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and renal function (measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate) using Mendelian randomization method. The appropriate single nucleotide polymorphisms were extracted from the GWAS of RA and eGFR as gene instrumental variables. Bidirectional two-sample MR analyses were conducted using inverse variance weighting, weighted median method, and MR Egger regression. The outcome and exposure populations were both East Asians. After screening, a total of 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genome-wide significance were included as RA instrumental variables. The analysis did not show a significant correlation between RA and eGFR (β = 0.007, P = 0.717 in IVW method). Likewise, using 54 genome-wide significant SNPs as eGFR instrumental variables, no causal relationship between eGFR and RA was found (odds ratio = 0.890, 95% CI: 0.691—1.144, p = 0.363). Methods such as MR-Egger regression and weighted median also support the result that there is no evidence of any causal relationship between RA and eGFR in any direction, except for the IVW method.
Use of selective visceral angiography in surgical strategy planning for celiac artery aneurysm in the celiacomesenteric trunk
Authors: Goto Takasumi , Fujimura Hironobu , Shintani Takashi , Shibuya Takashi , Miyagawa Shigeru
Published: June 2023

Background
The celiacomesenteric trunk (CMT) is a common duct of the celiac artery (CA) and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) originating from the aorta, which is an uncommon anatomical anomaly of the visceral artery. Because of the variety of visceral circulation in those with CMT, the visceral circulation associated with each branch should be evaluated prior to surgical treatment of visceral artery aneurysm in the CMT.
Case Presentation:
A 64-year-old woman was diagnosed with a celiac artery aneurysm in the CMT. Aneurysmectomy of the aneurysm was performed successfully. On preoperative selective visceral angiography, the CA was seen to bifurcate into the common hepatic and splenic artery. The left gastric artery was directly isolated from the aorta and perfused to the common hepatic and splenic artery through collateral circulation. These findings showed that celiac artery embolization is anatomically feasible, even in cases of celiac artery aneurysm rupture.
Conclusions
Selective visceral angiography can contribute to surgical strategy planning in similar cases.
The significance of palpation of the lowest point of the rib in the posterior axillary line for spinal surgery
Authors: Liu zhengang , Li pengfu , Yang Fan , Li Jia-Yi , Liang Yu-Ling , ZHANG BOYIN
Published: June 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the feasibility of using palpation of the lowest point of the rib in the posterior axillary line to identify the segment of the spine during spinal surgery.
Methods: Three orthopedic surgeons examined 101 patients and determined, by blind palpation, the lowest point of the ribs that could be reached at the posterior axillary line, placed a radiolucent marker, made a plumb line through this point and intersected it at one point C. From this point, a line was made at an angle of 45° to the plumb line and intersected the posterior midline at another point B, where the markers were placed. A posterior anterior lumbar spine X-ray was then taken. Three orthopedic surgeons then identified the spine segment by radiography and assessed the agreement with the spine segment identified by imaging (kappa coefficient).
Results: Point B is most commonly found in the T12 and T11 vertebrae, with an accuracy rate of 86% (87/101).Point C, most commonly at the L3 vertebral body, was 79% (80/101) accurate. The greatest proportion of these was in the upper third of L3. High consistency of results between right and left side on palpation.
Conclusions: In the prone position, clinicians can use this method as a measurement tool with good reliability for palpating the thoracolumbar vertebrae, but the spinal level estimated by palpation may be inadvertently affected by examiner skill and anatomical variation, as well as by issues of individual variation.