bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Calcitriol Treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells as an Immunomodulation
Micro-environment on Allergic Asthma in a Mouse Model
Authors: Ghalavand Majdedin , Gouvarchin Ghaleh Hadi Esmaeili , Khafaei Mostafa , Paryan Mahdi , Kondori Bahman Jalali , Nodoushan Majid Mirzaei , Vazifedust Soheil , Mohammadi-Yeganeh Samira
Published: January 2023

Background:

Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory illness of the respiratory system
characterized by an increase in the number of inflammatory cells in the airways and trouble breathing.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to be used in inflammatory diseases as a
cellular immunosuppressive treatment. They express calcitriol receptors and communicate with other
immunocytes, which increases their anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to determine the
effects of calcitriol-treated MSC treatment on allergic asthma pathways in a mouse model.

Methods:

To generate a mouse model of asthma, the mice were sensitized intraperitoneally with
ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide emulsion and then challenged intra-nasally with OVA.
On day 14, experimental mice received tail vein injections of calcitriol-treated MSCs in PBS prior
to allergen exposure. The cytokines assays including IL-4, 10, 12, 17, TGF-β and IFN-γ, splenocytes
proliferation, and histological examination of lungs samples were performed. The mice were sensitized
with OVA and the response to dexamethasone treatment was compared.

Results:

Calcitriol-treated MSCs significantly increased the levels of IL-12, TGF-β, and IFN-γ compared
to non-treated MSCs groups. Moreover, calcitriol-treated and non-treated MSCs significantly
decreased IL-4 and IL-17 compared to asthmatic groups. The results of the histopathological examination
showed that calcitriol-treated MSCs reduced the accumulation of inflammatory cells and
bronchial wall thickening in comparison with the asthma group.

Conclusion:

Using the allergic asthma model, we were able to show that calcitriol-treated MSCs
had an inhibitory impact on airway inflammation. Our findings suggest that the injection of calcitrioltreated
MSCs may be a viable treatment option for allergic asthma.
Research on Torque Ripple and Influencing Factors of Hydro-Generator
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , He Kun
Published: January 2023

Background:

The safe and stable operation of large-capacity hydro-generators is of great
significance to the power grid. However, due to the armature reaction and the stator slots of the
hydroelectric generator, the torque ripple of the generator is usually large. Long time running under
the condition of large torque ripple will cause damage to the generator components and even threaten
the safety of the power grid.

Objective:

To study the factors affecting the torque ripple of the hydro-generator and reduce the
torque ripple.

Methods:

A 24 MW bulb tubular hydro generator is taken as an example, a two-dimensional transient
electromagnetic field model was established, and the correctness of the model was verified by
experiments. The causes of armature reaction and cogging effect on motor torque are analyzed. The
effects of these two factors on torque ripple are studied respectively. The torque ripple under different
working conditions is calculated, and the main factors causing and increasing torque ripple
during normal operation of hydro generator are determined.

Results:

The torque ripple increases approximately linearly with the increase of the 7th and 11th
harmonic contents, while it increases nonlinearly with the increase of the 5th harmonic contents.
When the excitation current increases from 720 A to 960 A, the torque ripple is increased by
11.4kN•m. In addition, when the excitation current increases from 720A to 840A (Rated excitation
current of the generator is 840A), the torque ripple increases greatly, the torque ripple increases by
6.6kN•m. When the excitation current exceeds the rated excitation current, due to the influence of
magnetic saturation, the increasing extent of torque ripple gradually decreases. When the excitation
current increases from 840A to 960A, the torque ripple increases only by 4.8kN•m.

Conclusion:

Due to the armature reaction, the harmonic magnetic potential will be generated in the
generator, which will affect its torque ripple. The torque ripple of the generator will increase obviously
with the increase of harmonic content. When the generator is in no-load operation, the slot
effect is the main cause of the torque ripple. In the actual operation of the generator, it usually
needs to adjust the excitation current to make the generator meet the requirements of various working
conditions.
Quality by Design Driven Formulation Development, Optimization of Rosuvastatin Calcium Loaded Floating Microballoons: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization
Authors: Kothamasu Sasikanth , Swain Suryakanta , Bhanoji Rao Muddana Eswara , Jena Bikash Ranjan
Published: January 2023

Background:

The prime intent of this study was to formulate, optimize and evaluate the floating microballoons of rosuvastatin calcium to extend the stomach or gastrointestinal residence time, dissolution rate, and bioavailability of the drug.

Objective:

Rosuvastatin calcium-loaded floating microballoons were prepared by solvent evapora-tion technique and systematic optimization of such formulations by response surface methodology using Box-Behnken Design, with the selected independent variables like concentration of HPMC K4M (X1), K15M (X2), and K100M (X3) and dependent variables as mean particle size in μm (R1), % entrapment efficiency (R2), and % drug released at 12h (R3).

Methods:

For each of the studied response variables, the trial formulations were subsequently eval-uated for in vitro floating lag time, drug content, total floating time, and drug content, and the data analysis through optimization was carried out by placing the experimental data with an appropriate mathematical model.

Results:

In vivo pharmacokinetics study parameters for the optimized batch showed a 4 to 5 folds elevation of peak plasma concentration (Cmax), the area under the curve (AUC) data, and reduction of time to reach peak concentration (Tmax) value compared to marketed product (p < 0.05). As per ICH guidelines, the stability study results show that floating microballoons remain stable for 6 months.

Conclusion:

Hence, the floating microballoons of rosuvastatin calcium are a valuable technique to improve the solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability of a poorly water-soluble drug, rosuvastatin calcium.
Peer Effect on Environmental Information Disclosure: Evidence from
High-polluting Industries in China
Authors: Ji Zhiying , Chen Zhuo , Chen Jun
Published: January 2023

Background:

Among the research on the influencing factors of environmental information
disclosure, scholars rarely identify the factors from the perspective of the enterprise’s external environment,
especially peer enterprise behavior. In fact, the disclosure of environmental information by most
enterprises in China is still only voluntary, and the form of disclosure is so chaotic that it is easy to be
influenced by other enterprises.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine whether a firm's EID is affected by peer firms and contribute
to the existing literature on the influencing factors of EID.

Methods:

An analytical framework incorporating the herd behavior hypothesis, the legitimate theory,
and the stakeholder theory is constructed, and fixed effect estimation, as well as a two-stage least
square, is used to test the hypotheses.

Results:

There is a peer effect on environmental information disclosure of high-polluting firms. It has
been observed that the focal firm imitates the disclosure behavior of small peer firms more than the
large peer firms. Moreover, a peer effect of environmental disclosure on sensitive and non-sensitive information
is also reported, but the peer effect on sensitive information is larger than that on nonsensitive
information.

Conclusion:

First, policymakers need to realize that there is a peer effect involved in EID among highpolluting
firms and improve the binding force of environmental regulations. Second, there are “demonstration
effects” involved in EID. In the practice of regulations on disclosure, the smaller firms need to
be under stricter scrutiny and set as models of EID to improve the efficiency of supervision and regulation.
Third, enterprises have a stronger peer effect on the disclosure of sensitive information. Governments
should strengthen the supervision of sensitive information disclosure.
Construction of User Electricity Behavior Portrait based on QFPAKmeans
Clustering
Authors: Yu Xiuwen , Li Yuancheng
Published: January 2023

Background:

With the further opening of the electricity sales market, based on the current
power reform situation, it is more emphasized to focus on the market and customers and carry
out value marketing. Therefore, further mining the user value has become a necessary means for the
transformation of power grid enterprises, and the construction of power user behavior portraits has
very practical significance for the business expansion of power grid companies and the improvement
of customer service levels.

Objective:

In order to further explore user value, a method of user electricity behavior portrait based
on QFPAK-means (quantum flower pollination K-means) clustering is proposed.

Methods:

Through the quantum flower pollination algorithm, considering the overhead cost, the
optimal classification number is automatically determined, and on this basis, K-means clustering is
completed. In the meantime, the typical power consumption patterns of users are extracted by using
the K-means clustering algorithm based on quantum flower pollination, and the features are extracted
as the power consumption behavior portraits of users.

Results:

Through the comparative simulation of different methods, the effectiveness of the proposed
algorithm is verified, which can provide outstanding guidance for power grid companies to expand
their business and improve customer service levels.

Conclusion:

A method of user electricity behavior portrait based on QFPAK-means clustering is
proposed to further explore user value, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness
and advantage of the proposed method.
DNA Methylation Landscapes in Cancer and Non-Cancer Cells
Authors: Stangl Shaun , Gopalan Vinod
Published: January 2023

Epigenetic modifications are heritable changes to gene expression without
physical changes to the actual DNA sequence. The most widely studied epigenetic
modification is DNA methylation, as it is influenced by aging, diet, diseases and the
environment. DNA methylation involves direct chemical modification to the DNA and
plays an important role in gene regulation by preventing proteins from binding to
certain regions of the DNA, which causes these regions to be repressed. It is essential
for normal development, cell differentiation and regulation of cellular biology. The
DNA methylation landscape of each unique cell type helps to determine which genes
are expressed and silenced. It is well known today that the accumulation of both
genetic and epigenetic abnormalities contributes to the development of cancers.
Aberrant DNA methylation is a hallmark of cancer. During cancer development and
progression, the methylation landscape undergoes aberrant remodelling. Recently
within cancer research, the advancements in DNA methylation mapping technologies
have enabled methylation landscapes to be studied in greater detail, sparking new
interest in how the methylation landscape undergoes a change in cancer and possible
applications of DNA methylation. This chapter focuses on reviewing DNA methylation
landscapes in normal cells and then how they are altered in cancer. It also discusses the
applications of DNA methylation as cancer biomarkers.
Glycoproteins and Cancer Biomarkers
Authors: Abedul Haque Md
Published: January 2023

Glycoproteins or glycosylated proteins are carbohydrates (oligosaccharide
chains or glycan’s) linked proteins and execute important functions in the biological
systems, such as embryonic development, cell-to-cell recognition, adhesion, pathogen
identification and immune functions. It is evident that the alteration of glycoproteins in
cells are associated with a number of human diseases, including cancer, rheumatoid
arthritis, inflammatory diseases as well as immunodeficiency diseases. Recent
advances in modern technologies in cancer treatment are promising. However,
researchers and clinicians are still searching for appropriate biomarkers for the early
detection and management of patients with cancer. Altered glycoprotein levels are
associated with critical events in cancer pathogenesis and progression. Also, abnormal
glycosylation of protein is a common regulatory event in carcinogenesis, therefore,
aberrant glycosylation could act as a promising resource in identifying a cancer
biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring of the progression of patients with cancers.
This chapter summarizes the major clinically approved glycoproteins utilized for
screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of the treatment response of patients with cancers.
RABIES OUTBREAK IN DOMPU, WEST NUSA TENGGARA, INDONESIA: A CASE STUDY
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Rahmad Rahmad , Fatmawati Mira , Priyanto Nugroho Nurponco , Djajati Ninik , Mujahidin Mujahidin , Arifin Zainal , Kastianti Iris Juita , Andarini Sri , Al Rasyid Harun , Zuhriyah Lilik
Published: January 2023

Rabies, transmitted through a bite from a dog, is a highly fatal disease that is a health hazard throughout the world including Indonesia. In February 2019, there was an outbreak of rabies at Dompu, West Nusa Tenggara (WNT), Indonesia. As such, Dompu district has become one of the beginning points for many rabies cases being experienced in WNT. Lately, there have been fatal cases of the outbreak to the tune of 1,315 victims due to rabies-borne animal bite. Among these cases, nine of them are human rabies. Out of the 182 samples examined for brain rabid animal, 90 turned positive. Efforts from local, provincial, and federal agencies representatives activated a rabies response involving update of policies, enhancing of surveillance, a campaign to educate the public as well as widespread vaccination of domestic and wild animals. There has not been experienced a rabies outbreak like this in WNT region, Indonesia, over the years. Therefore, there require integration of all intervention strategies as well as a collaboration of all human health, animal health, and wildlife authority to bring to a halt the outbreak. To further enhance the intervention strategies, the government is recommended to respond immediately.
GREEN HOSPITAL IMPLEMENTATION IN INDONESIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Marshal Octavianus , Sunaryo Nico , Kurniawan Sylvia , Herwendanasari Deltania , Hariyanto Engelbert , Andarini Sri
Published: January 2023

Hospital is one of the institutions that use a considerable amount of energy and contribute the largest amount of waste. In order to reduce its impact, initiatives have emerged in the form of green hospitals for the effective use of resources. Although there are standard criteria for each country in applying environmentally friendly buildings in each country, there is still no internationally referenced certification. This study intends to compare the implementation of green hospitals in various hospitals in Indonesia. The comparisons will be taken from the elements of a green hospital, namely energy efficiency, green building design, alternative energy generation, transportation, food, water, and the availability of green open space. This research type is a literature review, with data taken from an online database. The online databases used are Science Direct and Google Scholar. The criteria used are elements of the implementation of green hospitals in Indonesia, and must mention the name of the hospital or the area where the research was carried out. There were 12 studies that matched the inclusion criteria. It can be seen that there are various efforts by hospitals in Indonesia in implementing green hospitals. However, there is unpreparedness in the application of all of its elements, especially in the transportation and food elements.
Ultra-brief Assessment of Working Memory Capacity: Ambulatory Assessment Study Using Smartphones
Authors: Hakun Jonathan G , Roque Nelson A , Gerver Courtney R , Cerino Eric S
Published: January 2023

Background

The development of mobile technology with substantial computing power (ie, smartphones) has enabled the adaptation of performance-based cognitive assessments to remote administration and novel intensive longitudinal study designs (eg, measurement burst designs). Although an “ambulatory” cognitive assessment paradigm may provide new research opportunities, the adaptation of conventional measures to a mobile format conducive to intensive repeated measurement involves balancing measurement precision, administration time, and procedural consistency.

Objective

Across 3 studies, we adapted “complex span” tests of working memory capacity (WMC) for ultra-brief, smartphone-based administration and examined their reliability, sufficiency, and associations with full-length, laboratory-based computerized administrations.

Methods

In a laboratory-based setting, study 1 examined associations between ultra-brief smartphone adaptations of the operation span, symmetry span, and rotation span tasks and full-length computerized versions. In study 2, we conducted a 4-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study (4 assessments per day), where we examined the reliability of ultra-brief, ambulatory administrations of each task. In study 3, we conducted a 7-day EMA study (5 assessments per day) involving the ultra-brief rotation span task, where we examined reliability in the absence of extensive onboarding and training.

Results

Measurement models in study 1 suggest that comparable estimates of latent WMC can be recovered from ultra-brief complex span task performance on smartphones. Significant correlations between the ultra-brief tasks and respective full-length versions were observed in study 1 and 2, ranging from r=0.4 to r=0.57. Results of study 2 and study 3 suggest that reliable between-person estimates of operation span, symmetry span, rotation span, and latent WMC can be obtained in 2-3 ultra-brief administrations (equivalent to <1 day of testing in an EMA study design). The results of study 3 replicated our findings, showing that reliable between-person estimates of rotation span may be obtained in as few as 2 ultra-brief administrations in the absence of extensive onboarding and training. In addition, the modification of task parameterization for study 3 improved the estimates of reliability of within-person change.

Conclusions

Ultra-brief administration of complex span tasks on smartphones in a measurement burst design can generate highly reliable cross-sectional estimates of WMC. Considerations for future mobile cognitive assessment designs and parameterizations are discussed.
Technology Implementation for Mental Health End Users: A Model to Guide Digital Transformation for Inpatient Mental Health Professionals
Authors: Westheimer Jessa Lin , Moukaddam Nidal , Lindsay Jan A , Sabharwal Ashutosh , Najafi Bijan , Iacobelli Peter A , Boland Robert J , Patriquin Michelle A
Published: January 2023

Digital transformation is the adoption of digital technologies by an entity in an effort to increase operational efficiency. In mental health care, digital transformation entails technology implementation to improve the quality of care and mental health outcomes. Most psychiatric hospitals rely heavily on “high-touch” interventions or those that require in-person, face-to-face interaction with the patient. Those that are exploring digital mental health care interventions, particularly for outpatient care, often copiously commit to the “high-tech” model, losing the crucial human element. The process of digital transformation, especially within acute psychiatric treatment settings, is in its infancy. Existing implementation models outline the development of patient-facing treatment interventions within the primary care system; however, to our knowledge, there is no proposed or established model for implementing a new provider-facing ministration tool within an acute inpatient psychiatric setting. Solving the complex challenges within mental health care demands that new mental health technology is developed in concert with a use protocol by and for the inpatient mental health professional (IMHP; the end user), allowing the “high-touch” to inform the “high-tech” and vice versa. Therefore, in this viewpoint article, we propose the Technology Implementation for Mental-Health End-Users framework, which outlines the process for developing a prototype of an IMHP-facing digital intervention tool in parallel with a protocol for the IMHP end user to deliver the intervention. By balancing the design of the digital mental health care intervention tool with IMHP end user resource development, we can significantly improve mental health outcomes and pioneer digital transformation nationwide.
ASSOCIATION OF BLOOD COMPOSITION OF HORMONES, CYTOKINES AND LEUKOCYTES WITH LASER TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF KELOID SCARS
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical University, Vasilieva Lyudmila S. , Kobets Maksim V. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University
Published: January 2023

One of the topical aspects of the problem of keloid treatment is the lack information about biomarkers that can predict the success of the treatment of this pathology. The aim of the work is to identify the association of changed levels of hormones, cytokines and the number of leukocytes in the blood with the laser treatment result of keloid scars. Materials and methods. Hormonal, cytokine and leukocyte blood composition was studied in 45 women: 30 with keloid scars, 15 with normotrophic scars (control). Blood was taken before treatment on the 5th–7th day of the menstrual cycle. Keloids were treated with multiple laser perforations of the scar tissue. Clinical characteristics of keloid scars were assessed using the Vancouver scale before treatment and after 3 months. According to the result of treatment, two subgroups were formed: with positive dynamics of keloids and with no result of treatment. Data analysis was carried out using non-parametric statistics, the level of statistical significance was p<0.05. Results and discussion. In all patients with keloids, the blood level of cortisol is reduced, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha is increased, which promotes to the proliferation of fibroblasts with inhibition of apoptosis. In addition, in the subgroup with a positive result of treatment, the number of segmented neutrophils and the level of anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 were increased. Discriminant analysis confirmed the high informational significance of these indicators. In patients with no result of keloid treatment, the level of a growth hormone is sevenfold increased, the concentration of luteinizing hormone, prolactin, interleukin-10 are reduced. That can lead to a weakening of anti-inflammatory effects and stimulation of fibrosis. Discriminant analysis highlighted the high informational significance of cortisol, growth hormone and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Regression analysis established the association of detected changes in blood composition with clinical parameters of keloids in each subgroup. Conclusion. The revealed differences in the blood composition in patients with keloid scars are associated with a positive or negative result of laser treatment of keloids.
Bioelectrical impedance of the lung in rats under chronic exposure to doxorubicin
Authors:   Federal Research Centre “Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Kolomeyets Nataliya L. , Suslonova Olga V. ,   Federal Research Centre “Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Smirnova Svetlana L. ,   Federal Research Centre “Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Roshchevskaya Irina M. ,   Federal Research Centre “Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”
Published: January 2023

Changes in lung bioelectric impedance were revealed in male Wistar rats exposed chronically to doxorubicin. Bioimpedance measurements were performed in rats two months after the first injection of doxorubicin (a cumulative dose of 10 mg/kg divided into 4 injections for 4 weeks) or saline. Bioimpedance was analysed at multiple frequencies (10, 30, 70 and 150 kHz) of electric current. Electrodes were placed on the surface of the lung. Significantly lower absolute values of the reactance and phase angle of bioelectrical impedance of the myocardium, liver (noted by us earlier) and lung in rats treated with doxorubicin compared with control animals indicated toxic damage to organs. Significantly higher amplitude (at a frequency of 70 kHz) of bioelectrical impedance of the rat’s lung may be associated with emphysematous changes and inflammation in the lung in the group with chronic exposure to doxorubicin compared to the rats in the control group.
Changes in the cellular composition of blood, phagocytic function of neutrophils in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors:   South Ural State Medical University, Safronova Eleonora A. , Ryabova Liana V. ,   South Ural State Medical University
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was to determine changes in the cellular composition of the neutrophil blood, the phagocytic function in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), who underwent coronary artery (CA) stenting. We examined 40 patients with acute coronary syndrome aged 40 to 65 years (mean age 52.58±6.82), who immediately after admission or within the next 72 hours, depending on the clinical situation, underwent coronary angiography and implanted stents with drug Xience Alpine finish. The control group consisted of 30 healthy men who had no contact with harmful production factors, and in whom no clinical, laboratory and instrumental deviations from the norm were detected during medical examinations. Complete blood count (25 parameters: leukocyte, erythrocyte, and platelet hematopoietic sprouts), quantitative and qualitative composition of hematopoietic sprouts was performed by a standardized method on a Medonic M20 hematological analyzer (Sweden). Evaluation of neutrophil phagocytic activity of latex particles with a diameter of 1.7 μm by neutrophils (phagocytosis activity, phagocytosis intensity, phagocytosis number), spontaneous and induced neutrophil HBT activity were recorded by a morphological method (light microscopy using Olimpus microscopes (Japan). Conventional methods were used to assess the functional activity of phagocytes. In patients with ACS, compared to the control group, leukocytosis was observed (10.34±0.764, p<0.001), a relative increase in the number of stab and segmented neutrophils in % (4.98±0.736, p<0.05 and 61.09±1.908, p<0.001, respectively), absolute number of granulocytes -7.30±0.711×10⁹/l (p<0.001), absolute increase in monocytes — 0.92±0.093 (p<0.05). Decreased percentage of lymphocytes -22.43±2.013 (p<0.001). The index of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was 2.95 in the examined patients. rophils in % (38.55±3.230 — ACS, 50.6±3.44 — control, p<0.05), but higher NST induced activity in % (59.73±2.936 versus 39.4±1.51 , respectively, p<0.001) and the index of NBT-induced cell activity (0.90±0.065 vs. 0.63±0.031, respectively, p<0.001). These data indicate the severity of the process and characterize the exacerbation of inflammation in these patients against the background of a decrease in the immune activity of the phagocytic link.
Cash Holdings and R&D Intensity with Different Controlling Shareholders
Authors: Brahmana Rayenda Khresna , Setiawan Doddy , Kontesa Maria , Soo Lee-Ung
Published: January 2023

Introduction/Main Objectives: This research aims to examine the effects of cash holdings on a firm’s R&D intensity. We further examine how that relationship may be varied across different controlling share­holders. For robustness reasons, we test it in a developing market and a developed market. Background Problems: Economics and business theories state that research and development (R&D) is susceptible to financing constraints due to the lack of collateral value and asymmetric information issues. This argument has been extensively debated with no consensus being reached. Therefore current study focuses on the examination of R&D and cash holding and the role of controlling shareholders. Novelty: The current study considers the importance of controlling shareholders on the relationship between cash holding and R&D intensity. We expect that different controlling shareholders will have different constraints on R&D financing. Research Methods: This study focuses on a sample of public listed companies in Malaysia and Singapore from the year 2012 to 2018, and estimates the model under a two-step GMM panel regression to eliminate the endogeneity issue. Finding/Results: The results show that cash holdings have significant effects on the intensity of R&D. However, that relationship is different across countries and across controlling shareholders. Malaysia’s foreign firms will increase their R&D’s intensity when their cash holdings are high. Meanwhile, Singaporean family firms will reduce the intensity of their R&D when their cash holdings are high. Overall the findings confirm the hypothetical alignment of the agency theory and also the resource-based view theory. Conclusion: Our findings surmise that higher cash holdings cause a lower R&D intensity due to the cash management decisions by managers. A firm with high leverage tends to reduce its R&D intensity when cash holdings are high, and vice versa. This behavior can be found in all the controlling shareholders.
Функциональное назначение некоторых обрядов бурят, посвященных всеобщему благополучию и лучшему перерождению
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Zhamsueva Darima S.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Nowadays lay Buddhist rites pertaining to everyday life and dealing with community, group, family, individual and household causes are viable, needed, and productive enough. Goals. The study aims at revealing most stable household / family rites of the Buryats and determining their essentials and features. Methods. Traditional classification and systematization methods have proved instrumental in identifying stable and changeable properties, local features of family / household rites across various Buddhist ethnic groups in Buryatia. The method of comparative historical analysis serves to define the actual processes of preserving and transforming life cycle rites. Those of observation, interview, and interrogation make it possible to characterize the present-day religious consciousness of lay Buddhists and reveal certain changes in traditional Buryat attitudes and customs that emerged due to historical processes to have yielded some formal peculiarities of basic rituals and rites. The paper pays special attention to the revived everyday rite of sangaril. Results. Field data show that cult practices have preserved only what is best remembered without books and experts, i.e. what is familiar since olden times, most common, and requires no high theological qualifications — if there is a significant loss of the bookish tradition, and in the absence of Buddhist ritual experts of Tibetan origin. So, those are everyday rites most closely connected with folk customs and dealing with economic and household needs of believers that prove most persistent. In other words, what is most closely connected with everyday life does survive and exist. Conclusions. Traditional family and everyday rites, such as oboo, sangaril, maani, funeral and Sagaalgan-related ones (New Year), collective worshipping of sahiusan-protectors for family well-being, are currently perceived as folk customs and viewed as integral elements of the original Buryat ethnic tradition. To date, those are religious ideas and beliefs of the public that serve a most characteristic phenomenon in religious life of Burya­tia’s Buddhists, rather than activities of the official clergy. Our observations also attest to that religious efforts of believers tend to increase.
Концепт «дом» в фольклорной картине мира монголоязычных народов
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Gympilova Sesegma D. , Gomboev Bair Ts.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The article examines a basic concept of any linguistic worldview — that of home (Mong. ger). Goals. The study aims at identifying and revealing semantic features of the concept in folklore texts of Mongolic peoples — Buryat, Kalmyk, and Mongolian paroemias. Methods. Folklore texts are analyzed with the aid of the structural / semantic and structural / typological methods that make it possible to consider different semantic aspects of the concept ger ‘home’. The analysis of Buryat proverbs shows the paroemias characterizing the concept can be divided into two groups: group one to include folklore texts that directly characterize somewhat general meaning of the word ger ‘home’, while group two is compiled from proverbs with an additional meaning manifested through the use of the concept ‘home’ depending on various life situations. Results. The work reveals the image of home — through the prism of proverbs — not only essentially expands its semantic content, but also characterizes specificities of ethnic worldviews inherent to Mongolic peoples, their mentality patterns. Our semantic analysis of Mongolic paroemias with the component ger ‘home’ shows the concept comprises quite a number of semes — from ‘house’, ‘dwelling’, and ‘hearth’ to ‘family’ and even ‘homeland’ (metaphorical meanings). The investigation of Buryat, Kalmyk, and Mongolian proverbs proves instrumental not only in revealing a universal nature of the binary scheme ‘us–them’ in cultural contexts, but also in an attempted characterization of the traditional nomadic worldview through the prism of specific economic and sociocultural activities.
Буддийские тексты, изданные калмыцкими монахами (1900–1918 гг.)
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, Pushkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Bicheev Baazr A.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The changes in Imperial Russia’s socioeconomic structures witnessed by the mid-to-late 19th century led to the development of education in Kalmyk society. In the early 20th century, the ethnic intelligentsia initiated a national newspaper, participated in the preparation of textbooks and dictionaries for Kalmyk schools. And the Buddhist clergy were actively involved in the renovation processes. After a long break, ties with the Mongolian and Buddhist worlds were being restored. Congresses of Kalmyk priests were developing measures for the opening of Buddhist educational institutions and intensifying Buddhist publication activities. Goals. The study seeks to analyze Clear Script texts published by the Kalmyk clergy between 1900 and 1918. Results. The mentioned texts were essentially to serve the needs of ordinary believers. However, our comparative analysis of printed editions and handwritten texts shows the level of the ethnic written tradition among Kalmyk monks had decreased dramatically. At the same time, handwritten Clear Script books were still actively circulating within Kalmyk society proper. So, the study focuses on texts of printed Kalmyk-language publications issued by Kalmyk clerics in the early 20th century and stored at the Russian State Library, Russian National Library, and ones included in scientific collections of Oriental research centers. The comparative analysis involves independent handwritten copies of theirs from private and scientific Oirat manuscript collections.
Evaluación de los resultados tecnológicos, productivos y económicos de la estrategia de extensionismo Plan Tierra Blanca.
Authors: Domínguez Torres Victoria , Jaramillo Villanueva José Luis , Macías Laylle Alfonso , Estrella Chulim Néstor , Martínez Domínguez Marlene
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los cambios tecnológicos, económicos y productivos generados por la estrategia de extensionismo “Plan Tierra Blanca” en los productores agrícolas beneficiarios, y generar reco­mendaciones para futuras intervenciones. La información se obtuvo mediante una encuesta probabilística con tamaño muestral de 66 productores, con precisión de 10% y confiabilidad de 95%. Los datos se colectaron en diciembre de 2018. Los resultados mostraron que la edad promedio del jefe de familia es de 58 años, la escolaridad promedio de 5 años, 80.3% de los entrevistados se dedican a la agricultura como su principal ocupación. El 66.7% se dedica a la siembra de maíz como su principal cultivo, el tamaño promedio de las parcelas es de 9.7 hectáreas, y la superficie promedio sembrada con maíz es de 2.2 hectáreas. Los entrevistados enfrentaron pérdidas de sus cosechas o animales en 2018 principalmente por sequía. En 2016, segundo año de operación del PTB, hubo rendimientos más altos con un promedio de 4,369.8 kg/ha. En 2017, las medias de semilla, densidad de población, y rendimiento (kg/ha) fueron estadísticamente significativas (p≤0.05), con respecto al año base, en tanto que, en 2018, la media de ingreso por venta de maíz también fue estadística­mente significativa.
Students’ failure to understand fraction multiplication as part of a quantity
Authors: Purnomo Yoppy Wahyu , Pasri  , Aziz Tian Abdul , Shahrill Masitah , Prananto Irfan Wahyu
Published: January 2023

In the body of knowledge in mathematics education research, fractions are one of the researchers' concerns. The reason is because fractions are very difficult for students to understand. This study explores elementary school students' knowledge and obstacles in dealing with the multiplication of fractions. This study employs descriptive quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected using the fractional knowledge test administered to 56 fifth-grade students and cognitive semi-structured interviews with six students depending on their test scores. The results of this study show that students’ knowledge of fractions is restricted, with challenges interpreting context-based problems and the usage of “of” terms. Another finding shows that students’ procedural knowledge is more dominant than conceptual knowledge. To develop students’ knowledge of fractions, the portion of context-based learning must be an emphasis. The importance of developing research-based textbooks based on a suitable learning trajectory is highlighted.
Parallel Transmission strategy for Channel Sensing Mechanism in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: P Mallikarjun , Lakshmi J. Divya , Ganji Vivekananda , Takele Abere
Published: January 2023

Cognitive Radios are the best available options for the
increasing number of devices and users who need to access the limited
physical spectrum for wireless network communications. They use the
spectrum efficiently and allow the secondary users to be accommodated to
use the network spectrum when the primary users are not actively
transmitting. However, sensing the channel for primary users and their
active transmissions is a challenge because there are numerous
parameters in the transmission that are uncertain. The paper addresses
this problem of channel sensing by proposing a parallel transmission and
hence power control scheme has been developed for the transmission to
analyze the power management and QoS parameters. The design has been
simulated using the Qualnet simulation tool.
“People are just firefighting and coping with it, until they’re not”: Qualitative insights into barriers to staff seeking support before they reach crisis in an NHS Trust.
Authors: Luce Ann , Turner Georgia , Kennedy Lauren , Bush-Evans Reece
Published: January 2023

Abstract Introduction NHS staff face mental health problems due factors
including burnout, workload, exposure to trauma and lack of support.
Healthcare professionals often face barriers to seeking help and are
less likely to seek out professional help for their own mental health.
Following staff suicides, this study aimed to identify the perceived
barriers to seeking support faced by staff members across an NHS Trust.
Methods Semi-structured interviews with 29 participants, each lasting
approximately 90 minutes. A further 10 informal conversations were had
with staff not wanting to be formally interviewed. Results Framework
analysis was used to analyse the data, resulting in four themes being
identified around perceived barriers to seeking support: stigma
organisational culture privacy access to support Discussion Findings
indicated that staff perceived significant barriers, including mental
illness-related stigma, workplace trauma, organisational culture,
confidentiality concerns and access to support. Many staff members who
needed to help did not reach out for support within the workplace,
despite knowing they needed it. Conclusion There are perceived barriers
to seeking help affect both the individual and the culture of the
organisation. Larger studies are needed to assess the perceived barriers
experienced by staff nationwide, with the aim of tackling these to
improve staff wellbeing.
How regional integration agreements can foster inclusive growth: lessons from exporting SMEs in the Western Balkans
Authors: Avlijas Sonja
Published: January 2023

Empirical evidence on regional integration indicates that CEFTA?s Common Regional Market (CRM) could have spatially unequalising effects across the Western Balkans. Such an outcome would be in conflict with CEFTA?s goal of inclusive regional economic integration. This article offers a roadmap to avoid that pitfall. Literature on the changing global economy in the digital era and ICT-led growth and literature on the political economy of trust and cooperation between smaller economic agents are brought into a conversation with bottom-up empirical insights from small and medium enterprises (SME) from the region. Empirical data are collected from in-depth interviews with 58 export-oriented SMEs in Bosnia & Herzegovina and Serbia. I find that smaller firms are immensely interdependent with the environments within which they operate and that their competitiveness also stems from their ability to successfully leverage on these communal resources and local public goods. Finding ways to preserve and enhance this collective infrastructure is often more of a priority for them than market expansion and technological progress. The paper concludes by arguing that designing (supranational) institutions which can facilitate local and translocal cooperation among competitive exporting SMEs would mobilise greater democratic support for the CRM project.
Predictors of vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 in Serbia
Authors: Ukropina Snezana , Ristic Mioljub , Mijatovic-Jovanovic Vesna , Susnjevic Sonja , Vukovic Vladimir , Markovic Milos
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The main goal of vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019
is to significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. The free-of-charge
recommended vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 in Serbia started
in December, 2020, and it is still ongoing. The aim of this study was to
determine the main socio-demographic characteristics associated with the
acceptance of vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 among the Serbian
population. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted
among the participants aged ? 15 years in the general population of Serbia
during September and October, 2021. Data were collected using an electronic
questionnaire. Results. During the study period, a total of 1,418
participants were included in the survey. In general, vaccination against
coronavirus disease 2019 was significantly (p < 0.05) more often accepted
with increasing age of the participants, among females, those who were
married and with higher education, among the university faculty
members/health workers, employees in the government sector, those who had
one child, and those with unspecified income. satisfaction compared to
comparison groups. Conclusion. Taking into account all identified
predictors, the main predictors of vaccination against coronavirus disease
2019 among our participants were family members/close friends or others who
died from coronavirus disease 2019 and intention to get vaccinated against
influenza in the future. There is an urgent need to conduct further studies
that assess intentions, beliefs, and attitudes towards vaccines against
coronavirus disease 2019 among the population throughout the Republic of
Serbia.
A note on weakly prime hyperideals and (1, n) hyperideals on multiplicative hyperrings
Authors: Ay Elif , Yesilot Gursel
Published: January 2023

In this article we give the definition of weakly prime hyperideals over
multiplicative hyperring. We provide important results showing the
relations between prime hyperideals and weakly prime hyperideals. Then we
give definition of weakly n-hyperideal and weakly (1,n) hyperideal over
multiplicative hyperrings. Then we investigate of their properties and give
some examples. Hyperstructures are very important topic because it satisfy
to study multidisiplinary. Especially in chemistry, coding theory,
geometry, artificial intelligence, etc.
Oscillation theorems for conformable fractional differential equations with damping
Authors: Can Engin
Published: January 2023

In this study, we study the oscillatory solutions of conformable fractional
differential equations with damping term. Some examples have been given to
illustrate the results.
A computational approach for the classifications of all possible derivations of nilsolitons in dimension 9
Authors: Kadioglu Hulya
Published: January 2023

In mathematics and engineering, a manifold is a topological space that
locally resembles Euclidean space near each point. Defining the best metric
for these manifolds have several engineering and science implications from
controls to optimization for generalized inner product applications of Gram
Matrices that appear in these applications. These smooth geometric manifold
applications can be formalized by Lie Groups and their Lie Algebras on its
infinitesimal elements. Nilpotent matrices that are matrices with zero power
with left-invariant metric on Lie group with non-commutative properties
namely non-abelian nilsoliton metric Lie algebras will be the focus of this
article. In this study, we present an algorithm to classify eigenvalues of
nilsoliton derivations for 9-D non-abelian nilsoliton metric Lie algebras
with non-singular Gram matrices.
Multiplicative Chebyshev differential equations and multiplicative Chebyshev polynomials
Authors: Yalcin Numan
Published: January 2023

In this work, the definition of the first and second types of multiplicative
Chebyshev differential equations is given and the solutions of these
equations are investigated with the help of multiplicative power series.
Also, the properties of first and second type multiplicative Chebyshev
polynomials are given and proved. Finally, these studies are supported with
numerical examples.
An unpublished seal of Konstantinos Philosophos, his family, and the thema of the islands
Authors: Malatras Christos
Published: January 2023

In the Barber collection of Fine Arts (University of Birmingham) a seal issued by Konstantinos Philosophos, krites and strategos of the Islands dated to the 1070s or 1080s has been preserved. With this seal as a starting point, I examine the historical circumstances of the appointment of Konstantinos Philosophos in the Islands and particularly the devaluation of the dignities and the fusion of the civil with the military administration. Furthermore, the members of the rather obscure family of Philosophoi from the 11th to the 13th centuries are identified. Finally, the administrative area where Konstantinos Philosophos exercised his duties is located territorially in the Southern Aegean, with Kos as its capital, and its administrative structure is analyzed. This contribution closes with a short prosopography of the officials who served in the region between the late 10th and the late 13th centuries.