bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of geometrical configuration of the cavity in the stress distribution of restored premolars with composite resin
Authors: Soares Paulo Vinicius , Milito Giovana de Almeida , Pereira Fabrícia Araújo , Zéola Lívia Fávaro , Naves Marina Ferreira de Lima , Faria Vítor Laguardia Guido , Machado Alexandre Coelho , Souza Paola Gomes , Reis Bruno Rodrigues
Published: March 2017

The aim of the study was to analyze and quantify the influence of isthmus extension and depth of MOD cavity of upper premolars on stress distribution by means of two-dimensional finite element method. Seven different homogeneous and elastic models were created:Model 1, intact teeth;Model 2, MOD cavity with 2 mm isthmus, 2 mm depth and composite resin restoration;Model 3, MOD cavity with 2 mm isthmus, 3 mm depth and composite resin restoration;Model 4, MOD cavity with 2 mm isthmus, 4 mm depth and composite resin restoration;Model 5, MOD cavity with 4 mm isthmus, 2 mm depth and composite resin restoration;Model 6, MOD cavity with 4 mm isthmus, 3 mm depth and composite resin restoration;Model 7, MOD cavity with 4 mm isthmus, 4 mm depth and composite resin restoration. Each model were submitted to a 100N load and analyzed. The greater the depth extent of MOD cavity, the greater the stress generated in the cavity pulp wall and in the cervical region of the tooth. Increasing the extension of the cavity isthmus intensifies stress in these regions and generates stress concentration on palatal and vestibular faces. Stress generated in the cavity pulp wall was predominantly tensile stress. The loss of marginal ridges influences the stress distribution pattern of upper premolars. It is indicated restorative techniques that allow greater conservation of tooth structure.
SEM analysis and push-out bond strength of fiberglass posts luted with different cements of glass-ionomer in humid environment: pilot test
Authors: Pereira Jefferson Ricardo , Vidotti Hugo Alberto , Valle Accácio Lins , Pamato Saulo , Ghizoni Janaina Salomon , Honório Heitor Marques , Lorenzoni Fábio César
Published: March 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the push-out bond strength of fiberglass resin reinforced bonded with five ionomer cements. Also, the interface between cement and dentin was inspected by means of SEM. Fifty human canines were chose after rigorous scrutiny process, endodontically treated and divided randomly into five groups (n = 3) according to cement tested: Group I – Ionoseal (VOCO), Group II – Fugi I (GC), Group III – Fugi II Improved (GC), Group IV – Rely X Luting 2 (3M ESPE), Group V – Ketac Cem (3M ESPE). The post-space was prepared to receive a fiberglass post, which was tried before cementation process. No dentin or post surface pretreatment was carried out. After post bonding, all roots were cross-sectioned to acquire 3 thin-slices (1 mm) from three specific regions of tooth (cervical, medium and apical). A Universal test machine was used to carry out the push-out test with cross-head speed set to 0.5mm/mim. All failed specimens were observed under optical microscope to identify the failure mode. Representative specimens from each group was inspected under SEM. The data were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Levene’s tests and by two-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s port hoc test at a significance level of 5%. It was compared the images obtained for determination of types of failures more occurred in different levels. SEM inspection displayed that all cements filled the space between post and dentin, however, some imperfections such bubles and voids were noticed in all groups in some degree of extension. The push-out bond strength showed that cement Ketac Cem presented significant higher results when compared to the Ionoseal (P = 0.02). There were no statistical significant differences among other cements.
Influence of light source and immersion media in surface roughness and hardness of a nanofilled composite resin
Authors: Domingos Patrícia Aleixo dos Santos , Garcia Patrícia Petromilli Nordi Sasso , Oliveira Ana Luisa Botta Martins , Campos Juliana Álvares Duarte Bonini , Dibb Regina Guenka Palma
Published: March 2017

The study evaluated the influence of light curing units and immersion media on superficial roughness and microhardness of the nanofilled composite resin Supreme XT (3M/ESPE). Light curing units used were: XL 3000 (3M/ESPE), Jet Lite 4000 Plus (JMorita) and Ultralume Led 5 (Ultradent) and immersion media were artificial saliva, Coke®, tea and coffee, totaling 12 experimental groups. Specimens (10mm x 2mm) were immersed in each respective solution for 5 seconds, three times a day, during 60 days and so, were submitted to measure of superficial roughness (Ra) and Vickers hardness. Data were subjected to two-way ANOVA test (p<0.05). Results showed that only the light source factor showed statistically difference for hardness. It was observed that the hardness of the composite resin Filtek Supreme XT (3M/ESPE) was influenced by the light source (p<0.01) independently of the immersion media (p= 0.35) and the Jet Lite 4000 Plus (JMorita) was the light curing unit that presented lower values. In relation to surface roughness, it was noted no-significant statistical difference for light source (p=0.84), when specimens were immersed in different beverages (p=0.35).
Self-etching primer: the effect of contamination with a mixture of saliva and blood on bonding metallic brackets
Authors: Peres Bernardo Urbanetto , Degrazzia Felipe Weidenbach , Ghers Renésio Armindo , Arrais Fabíola Rossato , Ferrazzo Vilmar Antonio
Published: March 2017

PURPOSE: To evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic brackets bonded with Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer (TPSEP) and Transbond Plus Color Change (TPCC) under contamination with a mixture of saliva and blood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 42 human premolars were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=21). Group 1 (G1) were bonded under no contamination, and Group 2 (G2) was contaminated with saliva/blood before bonding. Both groups were bonded according to the manufacturer’s instructions and were cleaned with pumice before bonding. The shear bond strength (SBS) tests were performed after 24 hours in distilled water at 37°C and after thermocycling. RESULTS: Both groups showed a homogeneous distribution in the Levene’s test (p>0.05). The main shear bond strength value of G1 was 8.89 MPa with a standard deviation of 2.27; the value for G2 was 6.00 MPa with a standard deviation of 2.62 MPa. There was a significant difference between G1 and G2 (t-student test p<0.05). IRA scores indicated that the main value was IRA 0, and no significant difference (α=0.05) was found between the groups. CONCLUSION: Contamination of blood mixed with saliva significantly decreases the shear bond strength, but even so, the performance is clinically acceptable.
Imperfections in plaster surfaces caused by the release of hydrogen gas of polyvinylsiloxane impression materials
Authors: Pereira Jefferson Ricardo , Ghizoni Janaina Salomon , Rossetti Paulo Henrique Orlato , May Naudy Brodbeck , Valle Accácio Lins do
Published: March 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the number of bubbles of hydrogen liberation from different polyvinylsiloxane impression materials. Material and Methods: A metallic stainless steel jig containing six receptacles, like trays, was constructed to accommodate the impression materials. The molds were poured immediately, and at 1 hour, 12 hours and 24 hours in order to evaluate the number of bubbles present in each sample. Each sample was made of improved stone (type IV), totaling 48 samples for each polyvinylsiloxane impression material. After setting, the surface of each sample was inspected under a light microscope at 40x magnification and the number of bubbles was recorded. Results were submitted to statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey Test (p=.05). Results: ANOVA test showed statistically significant differences among the polyvinylsiloxane impression materials, as determined by the number of bubbles (p<.05). The Tukey test showed statistically significant differences among the three groups (p<.05). Conclusions: Statistical differences were found between addition silicone with regard to the ideal time to wait for the plaster cast, showing that Aquasil results in fewer bubbles in plaster, followed by the President and Simply Perfect samples.
Evaluation of the fracture resistance of remaining thin-walled roots restored with different post systems
Authors: Pinho Luis Gustavo Nunes Dias , Vinholi Gustavo Helder , Coelho Tulio Kalife , Rodrigues Neto Dimas João , Cerutti Kopplin Daiane , Silva Anísio Lima
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this work was evaluating the fracture strength of bovine roots weakened experimentally, restored with two different techniques: internal reinforcement of root canal walls with composite resin and a cast metal post and core or anatomic post (glass fiber post associated with composite resin). Thirty bovine lower central incisive were selected and transversally sectioned, remaining 14 mm of root in order to approximate to the human maxillary central incisive.  A sequence of standardized wear was used to weak the root until the walls remaining achieved from 0.5 to 0.7 mm of thickness at the cervical edge. Two groups were separated randomly (n=15) in order to test the roots reinforced with composite resin associated with cast metal post and core (CMP), or roots restored with composite resin associated to the glass fiber post (GFP). The test were applied in a Universal Test Machine (EMIC) with tangential compressive loading focused on the lingual face of core in an angle of 135° with the long axis of the tooth at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until failure occurred. The results showed that the fracture strength of remaining roots with weakened walls was influenced by the restorative technique, and the higher values of strength fractures were observed in the group of roots reinforced by composite resin associated with CMP (p<0.001) when compared to the group of roots restored with anatomic post.
Reverse torque values in indexed abutments
Authors: Cerutti-Kopplin Daiane , Rodrigues Neto Dimas João , Do Valle Accácio Lins , Pereira Jefferson Ricardo , Pinho Luis Gustavo Nunes Dias
Published: March 2017

Mechanical stability of implant-abutment set is fundamentally important for the success in implant supported rehabilitation. For this, the knowledge about torque removal values is essential. In this way, the objective of this work was to evaluate the torque reverse values in indexed abutments of Morse Taper system. Five Morse taper implants with their respective abutments were tested (n=5). Each abutment received a sequence of two consecutive torques in insertion (15Ncm) with an interval of ten minutes, and one reverse torque, all measured by digital torque wrench. The t-student test with 5% significance was used to evaluate the data. The analysis of results showed there is statistical significant difference in reverse torque values between the insertion torque value and reverse torque value intra-group, the indexed abutments presented an average percentage of torque loosing of 15% (P=0.002). It is possible to conclude that the use of indexed abutments of Morse taper system presented statistical significant reduction of reverse torque values, which in turns increase the risk of no biomechanical instability.
Evaluation of surface roughness and color change of a light-cured and a heat-cured acrylic resin employed for fabrication of prosthetic bases after exposure to different types of disinfectants
Authors: Silva Adriana Maria Jorge Dal'acqua , Guerrero Joice González , Pinto Luciana De Rezende , Carvalho Ricardo Martins , Porto Vinicius Carvalho
Published: March 2017

This study evaluated the changes in surface roughness and color of materials employed in the fabrication of prosthetic bases after immersion in disinfectants. Sixty specimens were fabricated using a round matrix; half of the specimens were fabricated with a heat-cured composite resin, and the other half with a light-cured composite resin. After polishing, the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37ºC from 48 to 52 hours, and then submitted to initial tests of surface roughness and color. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups and immersed in the following chemicals: G1 (1% sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes), G2 (5.25% sodium hypochlorite for 5 minutes) and G3 (2% acidic glutaraldehyde for 10 minutes). The surface roughness and color tests were once again performed and the specimens were then stored in deionized water at 37ºC for 6 days. On the seventh day, the immersion was repeated; this procedure was performed at every 7 days during 1 month and the tests were repeated after the fourth week. The results were submitted to three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and to the Tukey test. Within the same groups of specimens, statistically significant differences were only observed for the light-cured resin, which presented slight changes after exposure to 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 2% glutaraldehyde for the interval ΔE2, which indicates differences in reading values between immersion after 30-day storage and the first immersion in the disinfectants.
Influence of fibreglass post design and lengths on the bond strength
Authors: Santos Filho Paulo César Freitas , Reis Bruno Rodrigues , Veríssimo Crisnicaw , Soares Paulo Vinicius , Menezes Murilo Souza , Soares Carlos José
Published: March 2017

Post retention in root canal is an important factor on the clinical success of restorations in endodontically treated teeth. AIM: To evaluate the effect of luting agent, fibreglass post design and lengths on the bond strength of posts. MATERIALS AND METHOD: One hundred eighty single-rooted teeth were root filled and prepared to receive either a parallel-sided and serrated fibreglass post or a tapered and smooth fibreglass post (n=90). The posts were cemented with the following resin cements: dual-cured resin cement (RelyX ARC), self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX Unicem) and a self-cured resin cement (RelyX ARC Luting) (n=30). The posts were luting in different depths: 5.0 mm; 7.5 mm; 10.0 mm (n=10). The posts were submitted to a traction test at a speed of 0.5 mm/min and the bond strength values (MPa) were submitted to anova in a split-plot arrangement and Tukey’s test ( α < 0.05). RESULTS: The analyses of bond strenght values revealed that post length (depths of luting), resin cement and post design was statistically significant ( α < 0.05). The highest values of retention were observed in the smooth posts.  No difference of retention values was observed in the posts cemented into 5 or 7.5 mm. The highest values were obtained cementation depth of 10 mm. The RelyX ARC and RelyX Unicem showed the highest values of retention. CONCLUSION: Greater depths of cementing provide greater retention. Dual-cured resin cement and self-adhesives had the highest retention values especially when the post format used is smooth and tapered.
Effects of coronal leakage on concentration of hydrogen ions and calcium release of several calcium hydroxide pastes over different periods of time
Authors: Crespo Mariana Pires , Kuga Milton Carlos , Só Marcus Vinicius Reis , Keine Katia Cristina , Shinohara André Luis
Published: March 2017

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of coronal leakage on concentration of hydrogen ions (pH) and calcium release of several calcium hydroxide pastes, over different periods of time. MATERIAL AND METHODS:  Fifty extracted human mandibular central incisors (n=10) were instrumented up to the F2 instrument and assigned to the following intracanal dressing: G1- Calen, G2- Calen with 0.4% chlorhexidine (CHX), G3- Calcium hydroxide with camphorated paramonochlorophenol (CPMC) and glycerin, G4- Calen, but temporary filling material maintained during all test (positive control) and G5- Root canal without intracanal dressing (negative control). All groups were immersed in distilled water for 7 days. In sequence, the temporary filling materials were removed, except in controls groups. All specimens were individually mounted on a specific device and only its root again immersed in distilled water. Concentration of hydrogen ions and calcium release by calcium hydroxide pastes in distilled water were evaluated in 24h, 7, 14 and 28 days. The results were submitted to ANOVA test (p = 0.05). After 28 days, root canals from experimental groups were examined in SEM. RESULTS: G1, G2, G3 and G4 presented similar pH values and calcium release and did not differ from each other (p>0.05), up to 7 days. After this time G1, G2 and G3 presented values lower values than G4 (p<0.05). In SEM analysis, calcium hydroxide residues were observed in all experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS: After 7 days, coronal leakage decreased the concentration of hydrogen ions and calcium ion release provided by all calcium hydroxide pastes.
Effect of the light-emitting diode units on the depth of polymerization of a composite
Authors: Catelan Anderson , Barreto Bruno De Castro Ferreira , Suzuki Thaís Yumi Umeda , Marchi Giselle Maria , Lima Débora Alves Nunes Leite , Santos Paulo Henrique , Aguiar Flávio Henrique dos Santos
Published: March 2017

The physical characteristics of composite resins strongly influence their clinical durability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of different light-emitting diode units on the Knoop hardness (KHN) and plasticization (P) of a composite resin. Disc-shaped specimens (5 x 2 mm) of the Filtek Supreme (3M ESPE) methacrylate-based nanofilled composite were light-cured using second-generation light-emitting diode (LED2) Bluephase 16i (Vivadent) or third-generation (LED3) Ultralume LED 5 (Ultradent) curing units at 1390 and 800 mW/cm2 of irradiance, respectively. After 24 h, KHN was measured with 50-g load for 15 s, and was evaluated by percentage reduction of the hardness after 24 h immersed in absolute alcohol at top and bottom surfaces. Data were subjected ANOVA and Tukey’s test at a pre-set alpha of 0.05. LED2 device showed higher KHN than LED3 (p < 0.05), top surface of composite cured with LED 2 showed higher softening resistance after alcohol storage than bottom surface (p < 0.05), but there was difference on the plasticization values between curing devices and between the top and bottom surface of composite cured with LED3 (p > 0.05). The highest irradiance promoted higher KHN, but overall not affected the plasticization.
Comparative analysis of three rotary instruments used for coronal pre-enlargement in radicular dentin thickness and root canal area of mandibular molars
Authors: Jordão Basso Keren Cristina Fagundes , Kuga Milton Carlos , Keine Katia Cristina , Galoza Marina Oliveira Gonçalves , Só Marcus Vinicius Reis
Published: March 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the increase of the cervical area and dentin thickness in mesial and distal walls of the mesial canals from mandibular molars after the use of LA Axxess (LA), CP Drill (CP) and Gates-Glidden (GG) rotary instruments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty root canals from thirty mandibular first  molar were sectioned 3 mm below the cement-enamel junction, divided in 3 groups (n = 20 root canals, each) according to rotary instrument used, and the cervical images were captured before and after pre-enlargement instrumentation. The increase of the instrumented cervical area (mm2) and the dentin removal thickness (mm), at mesial and distal walls were calculated using Image tools software, by comparison of images. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests (p=0.05). RESULTS: All rotary instruments promoted thickness reduction in dentin walls. In mesial wall, all rotary instruments promoted similar thickness reduction of dentinal wall and did not differ from each other (p>0.05). In distal wall, LA Axxess instrument promoted higher dentin thickness reduction than other groups (p<0.05). The three rotary instruments promoted different increase at the instrumented cervical area (p<0.05), LA promoted the highest increase area and GG and CP presented similar results. CONCLUSION: LA 20/0.06 promoted the highest thickness reduction in distal wall and increase of cervical area of root canal. On the other hand, CP was the safest instrument, with lower dentin removal of distal wall and similar increased area to GG.
Effect of pre-heating composites on film thickness
Authors: Goulart Marcelo , Damin Deisi Fátima , Melara Rafael , Conceição Andréa De Azevedo Brito
Published: March 2017

Resin composite has been suggested as a luting material for aesthetic indirect restorations and temperature affects material viscosity. Reports of film thickness from new composites are important. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of pre-heating two resin composites on its film thickness in order to use it as a luting agent for indirect restorations (inlays and onlays). Three materials were divided into 5 groups. Two resin composites, nanofilled (Z350 XT/3MESPE) and microhybrid (Opallis/FGM), pre–heated and room temperature, and a resin cement (AllCem/FGM) were tested. Following the guidelines from ISO 4049, each material (0,05mL) was pressed under 15kg between two glass plates covered with polyester film for 180 seconds. After pressed, the material was light polymerized with a LED for 40s and the film thickness measured using a digital micrometer. When testing the groups of pre-heated resin composites the material was heated (64°C) on a specific device (CalSet/AdDent) before all procedures. Data were analyzed using t-Student, ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (α=.05). Resin cement group showed the lower film thickness mean (28,2 µm), followed by the pre-heated microhybrid (45,3 µm). The higher values were obtained with nanofilled composite. Nanofilled room temperature group presented the highest thickness (96,1 µm). Statistical difference was found between all groups. Pre-heating influenced the film thickness of both composites. In this study a microhybrid composite showed better results among resin composite groups. Although not presenting the lower film thickness, as resin cement, some composites could be used for luting indirect restorations when heated.
Efficiency of cares over toothbrush storage to prevent contamination
Authors: Domingos Patrícia Aleixo dos Santos , Bozelli Aline Maria , Cardinali Érika Tieko Kaibara , Bernardi Adilson César Abreu , Campos Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini , Oliveira Ana Luisa Botta Martins
Published: March 2017

This study evaluated the efficiency of a toothbrush holder to prevent contamination of toothbrushes used by preschool children. For that, the sample was composed by children 6 years old, enrolled in an educational and recreational center in Araraquara/SP, and divided into 3 groups: G1: same continuing routine storage toothbrushes, G2: children received only a new toothbrush holder for storage; G3: they received new toothbrushes holder for storage and solution of chlorhexidine digluconate to 0.12% to dabble in the toothbrush after use. After brushing their teeth, toothbrushes were collected for microbiological analysis. The data were analyzed using the distribution of frequencies. It was observed that, in general, higher prevalence of the microorganism in the toothbrushes was Streptococcus viridans (58.97%), followed by Estafilococcus (35.90%), the bacillus of air (28.21%) and Neisseria mucosa (5.13%). Evaluating frequency, it was noted that the contamination presented by Streptococcus is higher in G1 when compared to G2 and G3, while for Estafilococcus, the presence was more significant in G3. Thus, it was concluded that the use of new toothbrushes holder able to avoid direct contact between brushes and allow drying without smothering could be an excellent alternative to educational institutions that require the storage group.
Evaluation of surface roughness of resin-based composites submitted to different light-activation protocols and bleaching agents
Authors: Pereira Renata , Aguiar Flávio Henrique Baggio , Oliveira Bárbara Bruna Malta Neves , Ambrosano Gláudia Maria Bovi , Lima Débora Alves nunes Leite , Baron Giselle Maria Marchi , Giorgi Maria Cecília Caldas
Published: March 2017

This study evaluated the surface roughness (Ra) of methacrylate and silorane-based composites submitted to different light-activation protocols and bleaching agents. The samples were divided into 12 groups (n=10) according to the composite (Filtek Z250 - 3M Espe, Filtek P90 - 3M Espe and Opallis - FGM); to the light-activation protocol (1000 mW/cm2 X 18 s (S) and 3200 mW/cm2 X 6 seconds (PE)); and bleaching agent (hydrogen peroxide at 6% and hydrogen peroxide at 35%). Roughness test were carried out at the following set times: initial (R1), after polishing (R2) and 24 hours after bleaching (R3). Data obtained were submitted to the statistical analysis. The results showed that higher values of Ra in R1 were obtained by Filtek P90 composite, differing significantly of the other samples, which showed similar results among them. There was significant decrease of Ra in R2 under all the conditions, except by the Opallis composite, independently on the light-activation protocol, and Filtek Z250 light-activated by PE protocol. There were no difference between R2 and R3 for all the composites and any light-activation protocol. It was possible conclude that bleaching agents did not interfere in significant way on surface roughness of the composite evaluated.
Influence of different adhesive systems on bond strength of carbon fiber posts used to restore endodontically treated teeth
Authors: Silva Lorena Dos Santos , Reis Kátia Rodrigues , Ambrosano Glaucia Maria Bovi , Chuí Fabíola Mendonça da Silva , Sena Neylla Teixeira , Carvalhal Cintia Iara Oda , Oliveira Jonas Alves de
Published: March 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of three adhesive systems on resinous bonding of carbon fiber posts on roots of endodontically treated bovine incisors. Thirty bovine lower incisors with similar dimensions were selected for this study. The roots were endodontically treated and subsequently prepared for post cementation. The posts were treated with adhesive systems Scotchbond MultiPurpose Plus – 3M chemical cure (Group I), light cure (Group II) and dual cure (Group III). Carbon fiber posts were adjusted to 8mm and cemented in the canal with resinous dual cement RelyX ARC – 3M. Those were taken to Universal Essay Machine for the push-out shear bond strength test. Analysis of the results were made with 2-Way ANOVA and post-hoc with Tukey’s test (p<0.05). The groups were statistically different. The chemical cure adhesive system (Group I) showed highest values of resistance to push-out, both at all thirds as well as in total average (24.77 MPa), followed by light cure adhesive (Group II, 22.26 MPa), and dual cure (Group III, 18.38 MPa). Scothbond Multi-Purpose Plus – 3M adhesive system presented highest shear bond strength on resinous cementation of carbon posts to root dentin, and therefore is the first choice among the materials presented in this study.
Evaluation of osifix software with craniofacial anthropometric purposes.
Authors: Dias Paulo Eduardo Miamoto , Beaini Thiago Leite , Melani Rodolfo Francisco Haltenhoff
Published: March 2017

Forensic Facial Reconstruction is a branch of Forensic Anthropology that attempts to approximate the appearance of an unknown individual through soft tissue reconstruction, after anthropological craniofacial analysis is carried out. The reconstruction publicized in the media aims at a recognition, which can trigger formal human identification. Knowing the anthropometric relationships between hard and soft tissues is useful to increase the accuracy of reconstructions. It was sought to evaluate the performance of the software OsiriX as a tool for anthropometric analysis of both hard and soft tissues. In cone beam CBCT scans of eight individuals, seven linear distances, determined by 14 anatomical landmarks on hard and soft tissues were measured. Intra-observer and inter-observer variation were evaluated by two criteria: reproducibility of landmark location on skull surface and reproducibility of measurement values in millimeters. For intra-observer evaluation, the sample was measured twice within an interval of two weeks. To assess inter-observer variation three independent operators performed measurements once. For reproducibility of anatomical landmarks, the metadata containing the distance in millimeters from each point to the origin of the x, y and z axis were obtained from the software. Means and standard deviations for the set of linear measurements and coordinates of the points were analyzed, and the difference between the standard deviations was used to classify reproducibility. For intra and inter-observer variations, most of the landmarks were located with less than 0.5mm of difference between measurements. For the corresponding measurements, made between these landmarks, most were repeated with less than 1.5 mm of difference for both intra and inter-observer variation. In practical terms, the differences detected did not hamper the use of the software as a tool for anthropometric studies. The use of OsiriX is an alternative for anthropological study of craniofacial hard and soft tissues from CBCT.
Effect of two formulations of 10% sodium ascorbate on fracture resistance of endodontically treated tooth submitted to dental bleaching with hydrogen peroxide associated titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Authors: Bontorim Francisco Carlos , Kuga Milton Carlos , Cioffi Sabrina Spinelli , Só Marcus Vinicius Reis , Faria Gisele , Pereira Jefferson Ricardo
Published: March 2017

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the effect of 10% sodium ascorbate (10SA), in gel (10SAg) or aqueous solution (10SAs) formulations, on fracture resistance of endodontically treated tooth submitted to dental bleaching procedures with 15% hydrogen peroxide associated with titanium dioxide (15HP-TiO2) nanoparticles and photoactivated by LED-laser. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty maxillary premolars were endodontically-treated and embedded in acrylic resin up to the cement-enamel junction. The specimens were divided into four groups (n=10): G1 (negative control): no bleaching, coronal access restored with composite resin; G2 (positive control): three dental bleaching  sessions using 15HP-TiO2 and LED-laser photoactivation and restored with composite resin (positive control); G3 (10SAg): similar procedures to G2, but applied  10SA, in gel formulation, for 24 hours before restoration; G4 (10SAs): similar procedures to G3, but applied  10SA, in aqueous solution formulation.  The 15HP-TiO2 was applied on buccal and lingual surfaces of the crown tooth and inside the pulp chamber and photoactivated by LED-laser. Between each bleaching session, the teeth were maintained in artificial saliva, at 37oC, for 7 days. In sequence, the teeth were submitted to fracture resistance testing using an eletromechanical machine test. The data was analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test (p = 0.05) RESULTS: There are no differences significant among the groups in relation to fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of 10% sodium ascorbate, in gel or aqueous solution formulations, did not interfered on the fracture resistance teeth after dental bleaching using 15HP-TiO2 and LED-laser photoactivation.
Immediate Dentin Bond Strength of Self-etch Dentine Adhesives
Authors: Lafuente David , Ferreto Isabel
Published: March 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immediate bond strength of two sixth generation and two seventh generation dentin bonding agents to superficial dentin. Specimens were prepared to exposed superficial dentin and either Clearfil SE, Clearfil S3, Adper Prompt-l-pop of G-bond was applied over the dentin surface and light cured. Then composite resin was applied to the treated surface and light-cured in two increments. Specimens were tested 15 minutes after they were made for shear bond strength at 0.01 cm/min. Clearfil SE had statistically higher bond strength than the other three adhesives evaluated (42.9 MPa). There was no statistical difference among Clearfil S3, Adper Prompt-l-pop and G-Bond. The dentin adhesive with an application of an acidic primer before the application of the adhesive showed better immediate bond strength.
Comparison of condylar translation in hyperdivergent and hypodivergent patients: a pilot study
Authors: Poluha Rodrigo Lorenzi , Furquim Bruno D'Aurea , Takeshita Wilton Mitsunari , Silva Rafael Santos
Published: March 2017

Introduction: The present pilot study aims to compare the condylar translation between patients with hyperdivergent and hypodivergent facial pattern. Methods: after analysis of photographs and cephalometric data, sample obtained was divided into two groups: hyperdivergent (n = 12) and hypodivergent (n = 12). For evaluation of condylar translation, temporomandibular joint planigraphys with maximum mouth opening and maximum intercuspal were performed. Subsequently, the tracing of maximum mouth opening in the articulation of each planigraphy was carried out. Metric values were obtained from the measurement of the distance between the point in the lower region of the articular eminence and the point in the most anterior superior mandibular condyle. Results: no statistically significant differences were found between the groups compared. However, the values obtained for horizontal translation performed by the right mandibular condyle were 6.00 mm for the hyperdivergent group, and 3.25 mm in the hypodivergent group. For condyle on the opposite side the horizontal translation averages were 5.66 mm for the hyperdivergent group, and of 4.50 mm for the hypodivergent group. Conclusions: the divergence between the means suggests that hyperdivergent patients show higher condylar translation in both condyles when compared with hypodivergent patients. Further studies should be conducted aiming to elucidate the relationship among facial pattern, cortical thickness condylar and condylar translation.
Documentation and comunication between dental offices and dental laboratories
Authors: Rondon Bruna Carolina Santos , Fernandes Mário Marques , Tinoco Raquel Lima Ribeiro , Daruge Júnior Eduardo
Published: March 2017

Purpose: This research was conducted to review the documentation and communication protocols used by dental offices and dental laboratories in the cities: Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and Araçatuba (SP), focusing on legal aspects of this practice, through a questionnaire with open and structured questions. The answers were subjected to statistical analysis with Chi-square and Fisher´s exact test, and showed that there is no agreement in the literature regarding documentation and communication protocols between the observed samples, as well as the perception of this practice by the interviewed, making evident the need to rethink the aspects that work through the relationship between dental offices and dental laboratories.
Effects of repeated long-term sodium hypochlorite disinfection treatment on surface hardness and roughness of self-polymerizing reline acrylic resins
Authors: Pinto Luciana Rezende , Rubim Dayane , Silva Paulo Maurício Batista , Porto Vinícius Carvalho
Published: March 2017

Denture stomatitis is the most common alteration on the palate of denture wearers and deficient denture hygiene is an important predisposing factor, because it facilitates both the presence of Candida albicans and bacteria in saliva and their colonization on the oral mucosa and denture surfaces. Sodium hypochlorite is an efficient chemical disinfectant to eliminate denture biofilm, but the effect of long-term disinfection on reline acrylic resins was not studied. Purpose: This study investigated the hardness and roughness of three self-polymerizing reline resins after repeated long-term sodium hypochlorite disinfections. Material and methods: Forty round specimens (30 x 6mm) were made from each material: Jet, Kooliner and Tokuyama Rebase II Fast, and divided in 4 groups (n=10). The control group was stored in water and the others were disinfected with 1%, 2%, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, respectively. The specimens were tested for knoop hardness (KHN) and roughness (Ra) before disinfection and after 30, 90 and 180 disinfection cycles. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test at 5%. Results: The hardness of Jet resin varied from 18.74 ± 0.47 to 13.75 ± 0.95 KHN, Kooliner varied from 14.09 ± 1.63 to 7.52 ± 0.88 KHN, and Tokuyama Rebase II Fast from 12.57 ± 0.94 to 8.28 ± 0.39 KHN. Statistically significant decrease in hardness of the three reline acrylic resins was observed early after the first 30 disinfection cycles. Conclusion: The hardness of the tested materials decreased after immersion in water and after repeated long-term chemical disinfections
ESTIMATION OF THREE MICROELEMENTS IN PRIMARY TEETH BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA-ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Peediayil Faizal , Kumar Kiran , Kottayi Soni , Kenchamba Vaibhav , Babu George , Jose Deepak
Published: March 2017

AIM: This study was carried out to estimate the concentrations three microelements in enamel of deciduous normal and carious teeth using atomic emission spectrometry. METHODS: A total of 80 deciduous molar teeth indicated for extraction  from children between the age group of 7-13 yrs. were taken for this study. The specimens were divided into four groups and the samples  were prepared using centrifuge flotation technique. They were analyzed for Manganese, Strontium and Zinc using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. RESULTS: This study shows that  sound enamel contains more of strontium when compared to the carious enamel. Carious enamel contains more of manganese, and zinc when compared to the normal enamel. Elements zinc and strontium occur in high concentrations, whereas elements manganese occur in low concentrations in enamel. The concentrations of elements  manganese, strontium and zinc does not vary in relation to sex of individual. CONCLUSION: The microelements strontium and zinc are present in high concentration. Further  studies are necessary to see their potential in mineralization and anticariogenic process.
DENTAL HOT-COLD SENSITIVITY AND TRAUMATIC DENTAL INJURIES
Authors: Traebert Jefferson , Martins Luiz Gustavo Teixeira , Traebert Eliane Silva de Azevedo , Bortoluzzi Marcelo Carlos
Published: March 2017

AIM: Although several studies have indicated negative impacts of traumatic dental injuries on children’s quality of life, virtually none of them have explored the possible association between them and the occurrence and dental hot-cold sensitivity. The aim of this study was to study the possible association of hot-cold dental sensitivity and history of traumatic dental injuries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving a representative sample of 11- to 14-year-old schoolchildren from 13 Brazilian municipalities was carried out. Data on traumatic dental injuries were collected through oral exanimations. Non-clinical data were obtained through structured interviews on socio-demographic profile and prevalence of dental hot-cold sensitivity. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was performed for the presence of dental hot-cold sensitivity controlled for gender, maternal schooling and history of dental caries. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental hot-cold sensitivity was 30.3% and the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries was 16.6%. Schoolchildren presenting traumatic dental injuries had 22% higher prevalence of dental hot-cold sensitivity compared to those without it regardless other studied variables. CONCLUSIONS: A significant and independent association between dental hot-cold sensitivity and history of traumatic dental injuries was observed.
INFLUENCE OF HORMONAL VARIATION ON PERIODONTAL TISSUES DURING PREMENSTRUAL AND PREOVULATORY PERIODS
Authors: Souza Suelen Pamato Gonçalves , Martins Marceli Vieira , Molina Gustavo Otoboni , Pereira Jefferson Ricardo , Oliveira Marcelo Tomás , Ghizoni Janaina Salomon
Published: March 2017

The aim of this work was to evaluate the hormonal influence on periodontal tissues in two moments: premenstrual and preovulatory, in women whose are in the reproductive phase between 18 and 45 years. The sample is composed by 30 women, who were analyzed following the inclusion criteria as: not pregnant women, who are not using contraceptive or other means of hormonal replacement, who were not in the menopause and who did not present systemic diseases. The periodontal exams were accomplished in two periods: premenstrual and preovulatory, when it was verified bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD) indexes. The premenstrual period obtained greater bleeding on probing index when compared with preovulatory period, showing a statistically significant difference. However, in spite of the probing depth measurements have been greater in the premenstrual period (1.684 ± 0.4728) than in the preovulatory one (1.679 ± 0.4749); the differences were not statistically significant. Basing on the results and according to the methodology used, it was possible conclude that the hormonal variation influences on periodontal tissues.
EVALUATION OF YOUNG’S KNOWLEDGE AND BEHAVIOR ABOUT DENTAL FLUOROSIS
Authors: Domingos Patrícia Aleixo dos Santos , Neves Amanda Soler , Rios Mariana Gisele , Oliveira Ana Luísa Botta Martins
Published: March 2017

AIM: This study has evaluated the knowledge about dental fluorosis and the behavior of young people regarding to the use of Fluor. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 313 students from High School of Tabatinga/SP, from 15 to 21 years old have answered a questionnaire with pre-encoded questions in which was approached the variables: gender, age, schooling level, dwelling, water consumption, oral hygiene habits, frequency of consults to the dentist and perception about clinical characteristics of fluorosis. Data obtained were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. RESULTS: There was female prevalence (56.0%). Most of respondents (81.0%) answered brushing the teeth 3 times or more a day. About dentifrice use and quantity on the toothbrush, from 97% who has asserted using them, 58% cover all the bristles; 88% of participants know Fluor; however, regarding to its function or effect on the teeth, 17% and 32%, respectively, have not known how to answer. About water consumption, most of them consume from 1 to 2 liters a day, and the main source is the “faucet” (47%). It was observed that 49% of interviewees have visited the surgeon dentist less than one month ago; 93% have answered that the topic application of Fluor was carried out during the dentist consultation, and 32% have asserted that the application was performed in all the visits. Regarding the surface stains on tooth enamel, 59% have reported that they did not notice them; however, 21% have noticed white stains on the enamel. Regarding to the use of tooth paste in the childhood, 52% have reported that they used to ingest it. CONCLUSION: Young’s knowledge about function and effect of Fluor on dental structures were mistaken, once the concept of dental cleaning was prevalent about prevention of caries, and the behavior about fluoridated toothpaste was inappropriate because they use it excessively, and they also asserted its ingestion in the childhood.
BEVERAGES DRINKING HABITS AND TOOTH SENSITIVITY EXPERIENCE AMONG ADOLESCENT SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Tokumbo Bamise Cornelius , Oluniyi Olusile Adeyemi , Adebanke Kolawole Kikelomo , Ozovehe Peter Augustine
Published: March 2017

AIM: The recent increase in consumption of acidic beverages is thought to be the leading cause of dental erosion observed among adolescents. The study assessed the drinking habits of Adolescent Secondary School Students and also evaluated their tooth sensitivity experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The survey was conducted among adolescent secondary school students. Purposely, students in boarding hostels were excluded. The sample was selected from twelve public and private secondary schools through the class teachers. RESULTS: 582 questionnaires were analyzed (294 females, 288 males). Soft drinks were the most consumed (97%) beverage, predominantly by females (94.6%). Parents especially the mother mostly consume soft drinks.  (78%) pointed out that that “soft drinks are good in between meals” and also 64% indicated that “soft drinks are good for the teeth”.  Participants that preferred drinks at normal room temperature experienced the most tooth sensitivity. Majority (42.3%) use straw but the most tooth sensitivity experience (63.3%) associated with long sipping. A statistically significant difference (X=0.252; df=1; p=0.005) in tooth sensitivity experience found between those that swish their drinks and those that did not. CONCLUSION: Soft drinks were the most consumed with a faulty believe that soft drinks are good in-between meals and for the teeth.  Tooth sensitivity experience is common with preference for drinks at room temperature and long sipping. Swishing drinks is associated with tooth sensitivity.
IMPACT OF LIGHT AND SUGAR-FREE BEVERAGES ON DENTIN EROSION - AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors: Moino Ana Luiza Ubinha , Alencar Catarina Ribeiro Barros , Jordão Maisa Camilo , Buzalaf Marília Afonso Rabelo , Magalhães Ana Carolina , Honório Heitor Marques , Rios Daniela
Published: March 2017

AIM: To compare the erosive effect of different light and sugar free beverages in relation to their regular version, on dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bovine root dentin samples were randomized into 9 different types of drinks (each n=12): Coca-cola®, Light Coca-cola®, Coca-cola® Zero, Guaraná Antartica®, Guaraná Antartica® Zero, Sprite®, Sprite® Zero, Del Valle® Passion fruit juice and Del Valle® Light Passion fruit juice. During each one of the 10 experimental days, the samples were subjected to 3 erosive demineralization (by immersion of the sample in the studied drink) and remineralization (by immersion of the sample in artificial saliva) cycles. Profilometry was evaluated at the end of the 1st, 5th and 10th days. For each type of drink, the data were tested using 2 way ANOVA and Bonferroni test (p<0.05). RESULTS: Erosive cycling with regular cola resulted in a higher wear on the first day, on the 5th day the regular drink was similar to zero and greater than light version, on the 10th day there was no difference between the versions of cola drink. For the Sprite drink there was difference between the versions just in the 10th day, in which the higher wear was promoted by the zero version. For guaraná and juice beverages there was no differences between versions in relation to the resulted erosive wear. CONCLUSION: Erosive tooth wear promoted by light and sugar-free or regular versions of soft drinks and juices showed distinct behaviours over the cycling time.