bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Raymond Williams, cultura e extensão universitária
Authors: Paixão Alexandro Henrique , Trevisan Anderson Ricardo
Published: August 2020

Este artigo faz um recorte dentro da extensa obra de Raymond Williams para abordar suas experiências intelectuais ligadas à cultura e à extensão universitária. Trata-se de discutir textos do autor pouco conhecidos pelo público brasileiro, majoritariamente produzidos entre 1946 e 1961, dentro de um projeto de extensão entre a Universidade de Oxford e a Workers’ Educational Association (WEA). Para tais experiências de ensino, Williams se valia da literatura e do cinema, numa clivagem sociológica que pode ser percebida em diversas obras do autor, como Cultura e Sociedade, datada de 1958, realizada concomitantemente a essa experiência. Trata-se, assim, de explorar um aspecto particular e pouco discutido de Williams, que é relação entre cultura, universidade e os trabalhos de extensão, tentando pensar as possíveis contribuições do autor para esse debate, ontem e hoje.
Raymond Williams e “estruturas de sentimentos"
Authors: Ribeiro Adelia Maria Miglievich
Published: August 2020

Retomo a relevância da primeira geração dos Estudos Culturais Britânicos mediante o exame da contribuição específica de Raymond Williams no diálogo com a contemporânea “virada afetiva” nas ciências sociais. Para tal, busco explorar seu conceito de “estrutura de sentimentos” que remonta à possibilidade do estudioso enxergar os modos como pessoas e grupos, num dado contexto histórico, articulam suas experiências em resposta a uma situação anterior. O movimento de articulação configura ele mesmo a cultura, para o “novo materialismo” de Williams, atento às formas de emergência e, por conseguinte à transformação social. Revisito as noções de Stimmung e de mood para me aproximar da descrição de “afetos comuns” que entrelaçam corpos e matérias e são capazes de contagiar um tempo. Pretendo, ao fim, demonstrar a atualidade do crítico galês que se moveu dentro da “nova esquerda” britânica atuando também na renovação do marxismo, ao substituir a “estrutura” de Louis Althusser  por uma intrincada rede de relações complexas que se traduzem nas dinâmicas reais da vida em que afetar uns aos outros é um “inesperado potencial para o sentido” (GUMBRECHT, 2014). Deixo aos leitores a chance de julgar tais potências como avanços ou recuos numa ordem social desejável, apenas que busco assegurar que as mudanças começam em aspectos os mais sutis da vida social.
Comorbidade entre Uso de Álcool e Outras Drogas, Transtornos Psiquiátricos e Comportamento Suicida: Uma Revisão
Authors: Baltar Juliana Gomes da Cunha , Iglesias Alexandra , Borloti Elizeu Batista
Published: August 2020

Estudos e dados governamentais apontam possível associação entre uso abusivo de álcool e outras substâncias e comportamento suicida, com consequente impacto em diversos âmbitos, como o econômico e o da saúde pública. Diante desse panorama, objetivou-se descrever a comorbidade a partir de uma revisão de literatura, de modo a apontar aspectos relevantes para sua prevenção. Para tanto, realizou-se busca avançada no Portal de Periódicos CAPES, a partir da qual 17 artigos foram selecionados e agrupados em cinco temas. Em suma, compareceu nos estudos revisados o cuidado em assinalar subgrupos de risco para o suicídio entre os usuários de álcool e outras drogas, que se constituem como público-alvo para intervenções preventivas de agravos e de promoção à saúde.
As Percepções de Psicólogos em Relação ao Suicídio: Uma Pesquisa Qualitativa no Cenário Sul Catarinense
Authors: Malgarezi Vitor Apolinário , Borowski Sílvia Batista von , Cesconetto Rousel Aparecida Zanoni , Whachholz Thaís
Published: August 2020

O manejo profissional perante a ideação suicida é um desafio complexo e pouco explorado em pesquisas. As estatísticas brasileiras demonstram aumento na incidência e dificuldades nas estratégias de proteção. Diante disso e justificado pelo acordo brasileiro em criar um plano de redução de danos, este estudo tem como objetivo descrever as percepções e as especificidades de psicólogos no acompanhamento de risco de suicídio. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e exploratório, em que seis psicólogas com histórico de atendimentos ao fenômeno concederam entrevistas. Com base na análise de conteúdo de tais entrevistas, foram identificados três eixos de análise, a saber: impacto perante o suicídio − a experiência dos profissionais; o aprimoramento técnico-metodológico; e o compromisso ético de divulgação. Como considerações, destacam-se a necessidade de uma maior produção científica relacionada a essa temática, a fim de aperfeiçoar discussões, e as possibilidades de atuação em tal contexto.
Avaliação de um Programa Psicoeducativo Preventivo para Cuidadores de Bebês
Authors: De Souza Pâmella Batista , Batista Ana Priscila , De Salvo Toni Caroline Guisantes
Published: August 2020

Programas preventivos de saúde buscam agir com menores custos e alcançar efeitos positivos em longo prazo. Este artigo realizou a avaliação de um programa de orientação a cuidadores de bebês, que teve como foco a interação positiva e a prevenção de maus-tratos. Participaram 50 cuidadores, que responderam a um questionário, aplicado antes e após a participação no programa. Os dados foram analisados com auxílio do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18.0 (SPSS), em que foi verificada a normalidade dos dados e utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon. Entre as 27 questões, 15 tiveram diferenças estatisticamente significativas referentes às concepções de práticas adequadas. As questões que não indicaram diferenças significativas referiam-se aos cuidados que possivelmente já eram realizados pelos cuidadores. Os resultados evidenciam que o programa foi eficaz em seu objetivo de atuar enquanto prevenção primária e levar informações relevantes sobre o tema a um público amplo.
A Clínica Ampliada e o Trabalho do Psicólogo nos Centros de Referência de Assistência Social
Authors: Silva Rafael Bianchi , Bonatti Graziela Lastoria
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho consiste em discutir, a partir de três eixos de análise, o trabalho do psicólogo no Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS) dentro dos Centros de Referência de Assistência Social (CRASs), no que diz respeito ao trabalho social com famílias em sua relação com a clínica ampliada. Inicialmente, realiza-se uma revisão em documentos para parametrizar o trabalho do psicólogo; em seguida, relatam-se pesquisas sobre a prática realizada nos CRASs para analisar as possibilidades de a clínica ampliada ser um instrumento de trabalho para o psicólogo nesse contexto. Conclui-se que, em vista dos objetivos traçados pela política pública de Assistência Social, a clínica ampliada pode se configurar como uma referência importante para o trabalho do psicólogo no CRAS, colaborando para a construção de uma leitura crítica das realidades em que estão inseridos e para o desenvolvimento do protagonismo social junto aos sujeitos e à comunidade em que se acontece sua atuação.
Otimismo: Teoria e Aplicabilidade para a Psicologia
Authors: Santos Laís , Faro André
Published: August 2020

Estudos revelam que otimistas apresentam mais comportamentos de promoção de saúde, maior qualidade de vida e melhores índices de saúde física e mental. Diante disso, este trabalho objetivou apresentar aspectos conceituais, principais medidas usadas para aferir o otimismo e evidências de pesquisa em relação ao otimismo, por meio de um estudo teórico. Inicialmente, delimitou-se o conceito de otimismo, teoria e seus principais tipos. Em seguida, abarcaram-se evidências da relação do otimismo com saúde, coping e bem-estar, caracterizando o seu impacto na saúde das pessoas. Elencaram-se, por fim, intervenções relacionadas à manutenção ou ao aumento dos níveis de otimismo e seus resultados. Em geral, viu-se que o otimismo influencia positivamente o ajustamento psicológico em diferentes contextos. Ao final, foram feitas recomendações de novos estudos, com base nas lacunas detectadas na produção nacional a respeito da temática.
Processo Patológico do Transtorno de Ansiedade Segundo a Literatura Digital Disponível em Português – Revisão Integrativa
Authors: D´'Avila Lívia Ivo , Rocha Fernanda Cardoso , Rios Bruna Roberta Meira , Pereira Sabrina Gonçalves Silva , Piris Alvaro Parrela
Published: August 2020

Com o objetivo de discutir as possibilidades estratégicas quanto aos processos patológicos que envolvem o transtorno de ansiedade, para embasar os profissionais quanto à ansiedade e aos seus tipos, este estudo configura-se como uma pesquisa de caráter integrativo sistematizado, com uma busca on-line das produções científicas na base de dados Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, utilizando os descritores “Transtorno de ansiedade”, “Ansiedade” e “Tratamento da ansiedade”, veiculados em periódicos de estratos de A1, A2, B1, B2, B3 e B4, disponíveis para download na íntegra, escritos na língua portuguesa. Os achados identificam que as possibilidades estratégicas perante esse transtorno se dão por duas categorias, a Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental e o Tratamento Humanizado e Apoio Familiar, sendo este último mais eficaz quando associado ao uso de outros tratamentos para a ansiedade. Ressalta-se a importância de estudos e capacitação para atuar efetivamente na prevenção e no tratamento dessa patologia, além de mais estudos sobre a temática.
Transisi kelembagaan dan isi siaran radio PEMDA menjadi radio publik lokal di Jawa Timur
Authors: Surokim Surokim , Handaka Tatag
Published: August 2020

The existence of Local Government Radio (namely Radio Khusus Pemerintah Daerah, abbreviated as RKPD) in East Java Province, Indonesia faced many problems in post implementing of Broadcasting Act No. 32/2002. This study used constructivism paradigm. The method used in this research is descriptive research with qualitative analysis. This research conducted observation, indepth interview, limited discussion to collect data; complemented with secondary data. The research uses purposive sampling technique. The data analyzed along with data interpretation and narrative report writing. By the research, it is found that RKPD faced complex problems regarding transition of both institutions and broadcasting content programs. Until recent time, RKPD did not have a standard design to be a public radio, both in the institutional aspect and broadcasting content program. In fact, there were various types of institution and legal entities as result of interpreting the act. The Broadcasting content program was also still dominated by the government interest. The program also discussed public issues minimally and gave limited access for the public to participate and engage. Institutional design and broadcasting program should be designed according to act No. 32/2002 as public radio that reflected the interests of public and supporting of public service
Pekerja Rumah Tangga (PRT) dan penerimaan terhadap makna spiritual dalam tayangan religi di televisi
Authors: Triwardani Reny , Asrianto Panji Dwi
Published: August 2020

Religious soap opera is a tv shows that display story and culture which related to Islam within its story line. Different representations within religoius soap opera could lead to various interpretations. The text displayed posses dynamic values, particularly about how a text receive a value after being consumed by its audience. This research aims to describe audience acceptance level of spiritual meaning in religion tv shows. TV programs that had been observed were Layar kemilau (MNC TV) and sinema Pintu Taubat (Indosiar). This research uses descriptive qualitative method with in depth interview using 3 informants. Stuart Hall acceptance analysis was was used to identify two from three different affeptance models; dominant and negotiating. This research identify dominant and negotiating audience as informant to answer the research question. Informant background, peer group influence, the need of enterainment and audience gender were founded as significant inlfluencer of domestic workers’ decision to watch religion soap opera in TV. This research shows that different interpretation obtained the audience can be reciprocal or contradict with the content of religious soap opera in TV
Kekurangan energi makanan tidak berefek negatif terhadap pertambahan tinggi badan laki-laki usia 18-21 tahun: Studi di Akademi Angkatan Laut Surabaya
Authors: Ayu Mega I D , Artaria Myrtati D
Published: August 2020

This research was carried out to know increase of growth of males attending Indonesian Naval Academy in order to found the normal growth of healthy males for reference of Indonesia population, especially those in 18 to 21 years age. The variables measured were body height, weight, grip strength, and subscapular, biceps, triceps, and suprailiac skinfold thicknesses, while undergoing the first year of training. This research also analysed the difference between more activities and less activities group, while they were given the same kind and amount of food every day. The sample consisted of 50 male cadets aged 18-21 years. The sample was divided into two groups. Group 1: the group that was enrolled in CC (Cross Country) extra-curricular activity, and Group 2: the group that did not enrol in CC (Cross Country) extra-curricular activity. The two groups experienced the same treatment of basic physical exercises, and both received the same quality and amount of food every day. The Group 1 was arranged to get several additional hours of training in the morning and in the afternoon, related to the CC activities. The individuals within the two groups were measured twice—at the beginning of their training year, and a year later. Paired Sample T Test was used in seeing the difference between the two measurements. This research revealed that the physical exercise that was carried out in the Naval academy for a year did not cause any significant increases in the right and left grip strength of both groups. Both of the groups had a high intensity of physical exercise, consequently the significant declined in skinfold thicknesses. A difference in the increase of weight after a year was found between the two groups. The unsignificant increase of weight was found in Group 1. This was caused by the fact that they were subjected to extra physical training compared to Group 2. Although individuals in Group 1 were having tougher training, evidently they experienced significant increase in body height. Moreover, Group 1 experienced that significant increase in body height even though they did not experience significant increases in body weight. The increase of body height in the two groups possibly was caused by the fact that they were still at the age of growth in length. It might as well caused by good nutritive supplies throughout the year, and regular workouts. A further study comparing the cadets with common people must be carried out to further understand the influence of physical exercise and nutritive supplies to the increase of body height among males within the range of this age group.
Konstruksi perempuan dan gender dalam gerakan Tarbiyah di kampus-kampus universitas negeri di Surabaya: sebuah modalitas pembangunan karakter bangsa
Authors: Arimbi Diah Ariani
Published: August 2020

The Tarbiyah (education) movement in Indonesia today is the best known and has the largest number of members amongst groups in the Dakwah (proselytising) movement that mostly work in Indonesian campuses. However, in contrast to other Islamic revivalist organizations, the Tarbiyah movement, is reformist, and relies heavily on modern interpretations of Islam concerned with democracy, civil society, human rights and equality of women, although these values are understood differently from common Western notions. The group has many female activists but unfortunately until today there has never been any study looking at the ways women has involved in this Tarbiyah movement. This paper aims to explore the numerous and varieties of women‟s activities in this movement, especially in relation the ways women see their rights, roles and sexual identities within their notion of piety. Female and male activists of Tarbiyah movement in Airlangga University (UNAIR), Surabaya State University (UNESA) and Institute of Technology Surabaya (ITS) are respondents in this research. Participation observation and in-depth interviews will used as techniques of data collection. Some finding shows that the Tarbiyah movement‟s espousal of women‟s and gender issues in an Islamic setting complicates even more the dissemination of such issues to the Indonesian public. One important finding indicates that the Tarbiyah conceives that male and female are segregated in nature (biological construction) yet in that segregation lies irreplaceable equality in any sphere and any value. Although many female members of the Tarbiyah movement claim to reject feminism, in particular they reject liberation of women‟s (and men‟s) sexuality, as it is believed to be of Western origin, in fact they subscribe to concepts of sexual equality while maintaining sexual segregation. The rise of the Dakwah movement and its various groups has raised concern in Indonesian society that such groups may pose a threat to civil Islam. However, to see all groups in the Dakwah movement as militant, radical or even fundamentalist is wrong, the complexity of Islamic movements requires careful examination as within these movements groups are fragmented in terms of their interpretations of Islam and its application. Teaching of this Dakwah movement can also be an alternative to national character building as its teachings and morale are in accordance to the values of Indonesian national characters such as honesty, religiousness and others.
Development of E-Modules Based on Multi-representations in Solid-State Physics Introductory Subject
Authors: Nisa Wafi Lutfiatun , Ismet Ismet , Andriani Nely
Published: August 2020

This study also aims to produce e-modules based on multi-representations in solid-state physics introductory subjects with good validity and practicality. The products produced are in the form of e-modules in the form of 3D flipbooks, including video, animation, sound, flash, and hyperlinks. This study uses the Rowntree development model. This model has three stages, planning, development, and evaluation stage. In the evaluation phase, Tessmer formative evaluation used, which consist of 5 stages, self-evaluation, expert review, one-to-one evaluation, small group evaluation, and field test. In the expert review stage, the average results of evaluations from experts obtained at 4.6 or 92.2% with a very valid category. The one-to-one evaluation stage found that the average result of the student questionnaire's impression on the use of teaching materials was 89%, with the category very practical. At the small group evaluation trial stage, the average score of the students' questionnaire assessment towards the use of teaching materials was 93.48% (very practical category). Based on the assessment that has been done, the e-module (electronic module) based on a multi-representation in solid-state physics introductory subject has been successfully developed with good validity and practicality.
Development of Dinamic Fluid Learning Video Based on Contextual in Water Area for High School Students
Authors: Saparini Saparini , Wiyono Ketang , Muslim Ahmad Bukhori
Published: August 2020

The research aims to develop a fluid dynamic learning video-based contextual in water areas that valid and practical. This research is a development study using the Rowntree model, which consists of planning, development, and evaluation stages. The evaluation phase uses the Tessmer evaluation only to the small group evaluation stage. The one to one and small group evaluation stages will be carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Air Saleh in the even semester 2018/2019. Data collected through a walkthrough and questionnaire. The data is then analyzed by determining the mean percentage then converted to get the conclusion of validity and practicality of the video developed. The research conducted concluded that a fluid dynamic learning video-based contextual in water areas have been successfully developed with a percentage of 94% and very practical with a percentage of 87%, making it feasible to use. The product developed can then be used by the teacher to teach the concept of dynamic fluid, especially in schools in water areas, so that students can understand the concept of dynamic fluid based on the surrounding environment.
Analisis Evaluasi Kemampuan Lahan Pada Daerah Rentan Longsor Dengan Citra Satelit
Authors: Harjadi Beny
Published: August 2020

Watersheds that are bordered by hillsides and mountains often experience land degradation due to erosion and landslides. Areas with high erosion rates will cause marginal land. Starting from the problem of land experiencing land degradation, the purpose of this study is an analysis of the evaluation of land capability in areas prone to landslides. A combination of plants that are suitable for the LUC class and also for those that are resistant to landslides is needed. Determination of the LUC class in a watershed that is quite extensive requires analytical aids with satellite images that are relatively easy, fast, and accurate. Analysis of satellite images with SRTM radar images (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) and Landsat TM 7+ images can analyze the LUC class. The results of the LUC analysis in the Banjarnegara watershed obtained the widest class of LUC IV 38.7% (4,940.6 ha) and the narrowest LUC VII for production forests was limited to 0.05% (6.4 ha), and no LUC class I (rice fields) and VIII (protected forest). Low LUC classes from LUC I, II, III, and IV are commonly used for agriculture (annual crops) and LUC V, VI, VII, and VIII for forestry plants (annual).
Perubahan Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Di Kawasan Wisata, Faktor Penyebab Dan Strategi Penanggulangannya
Authors: Sumantra I Ketut , Mahardika Mohammad Dieng , Arnawa I Ketut
Published: August 2020

Interpretation of the function of agricultural land that is unstoppable can threaten the availability of food, and in the long term can cause environmental, economic, and social losses. On the other hand, the effectiveness of the implementation of land use control instruments has not run optimally as expected. The village of Tibubeneng, North Kuta sub-district, Badung Regency was used as the object of research because the amount of agricultural land conversion was very high due to the development of tourism facilities. The research was aims to determine the change in land used for tourism activities and the factors that influence it and to find out the changes in land use and driving factors using observation and interview methods. Data on land-use change uses overlay techniques while to determine the driving factors for agricultural land change using the method Principal Component Analysis. The results showed that the biggest changes in land use for tourism activities occurred in rice fields, with a change of 40.52%. Economic factors and the availability of infrastructure are the dominant factors in changing the function of agricultural land for tourism activities. Reducing the conversion of agricultural land functions needs to be done: 1) integration of agricultural activities with the tourism sector. 2) Increase and strengthen the economic role of rural communities through the establishment of BUMDes. 3) Increase and optimize supervision and control of buildings that violate applicable regulations. 4) Designing spatial products related to controlling land-use utilization. 5) Implement a system of incentives and disincentives so that the economic interests of the population can be sustained.
Penanganan Sampah Skala Kawasan Di Fasilitas Unit Pengolah Sampah Dan Bank Sampah Di Kota Depok
Authors: Chaerul Mochammad , Aliyyu Dhia Atikah
Published: August 2020

Law No. 18 of 2008 on Waste Management prioritizes waste handling nearer the generator by considering economical value remained. In Depok City, waste handling at the community level has been performed at the Waste Treatment Unit (WTU) and waste bank. WTU focuses on organic waste treatment, while waste bank for inorganic waste recycling. The paper aims to identify waste generation and to evaluate the operational activity of the facilities. The sampling procedure proceeded for 8 days consecutively for 14 WTUs and 1 day for 7 waste banks applying stratified random sampling from a total of 30 WTUs and 428 waste banks operated in Depok City. Waste received daily were varied between 95,32-1.436,98 kg of organic waste at each WTU and 69,65-868,40 kg of inorganic waste at each waste bank. The variation of waste received was proportional to the number of inhabitants served and the character of the community surrounding the facility. The performance of the facilities could be improved including through promotion and financial support attained from the retribution. Waste handling at the community level could reduce the amount of waste transported to the Final Disposal Site (FDS) and reduce land required for FDS which becomes difficult to find especially in big cities in Indonesia.
Karakter Agronomi Dan Satuan Panas Padi Varietas Unggul Pada Berbagai Dosis Nitrogen Di Lahan Pasang Surut
Authors: Ariyani Nur I. , Adriani Dewi E. , Rusmayadi Gusti
Published: August 2020

Rice is the staple food of Indonesian people and part of the world community. Indonesia, with a population growth rate of around 1.3-1.5% per year, requires additional rice production of about 1,8- 3 million tons of rice per year. This additional production can be achieved by using tidal swampland which is quite a large area in South Kalimantan. However, one of the obstacles in tidal swampland is the lack of nitrogen (N). N is a macronutrient that becomes the main limiting factor for plant growth as it is needed most among other nutrients. This study aimed to determine the agronomic traits of superior varieties at various N concentration. The experiment used a Split plot design with N concentration as the main plot and three rice varieties as sub-plots, while the environmental design used Randomized Block Design based on the direction of water flow. The agronomic characters observed were the number of leaves, number of tillers, plant height, the total number of panicles per plant, 1000 filled grains dry weight rice, and yield (t ha-1). The results showed that different varieties affected the plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, the weight of 1000 grains of filled grain with IPB3S and IPB Batola 6R as the best variety, and the concentration treatment effect total of rice tillers, total of rice leaves and total number of per plant with 300 t N ha-1 as the best concentration.
Teknik Pemanfaatan Biji Buah Pohon Raja (Pangium edule) Sebagai Bahan Makanan Oleh Masyarakat Kampung Kumurkek, Distrik Aifat, Maybrat-Papua Barat
Authors: Fatem Sepus M. , Panambe Novita , Kosamah Novita , Boseran Melanesia B.
Published: August 2020

In rural forest areas, plants and animals provide communities’ daily needs as well as marketable products that generate income for local communities. Healthy forests not only provide important ecological functions but also contribute to an indigenous population’s economy and culture. Papua is an important region in the world to study the social importance of tropical rainforests, as this vast region contains over 250 ethnic groups, most of whom depend on forest ecology for their livelihood. This research was aims to understand the process and utilization technique of Raja’s seeds (Pangium edule) as a traditional food source according to the indigenous knowledge of the Aifat people in Kumurkek, Aifat sub-District, Maybrat Regency. The study uses descriptive methods, field observations, and semi-structured interviews. Results indicate that there are six stages of Raja’s seeds processing, including seed harvesting, poaching, slicing, soaking in a river, and culminating in consumption. Tools and materials used in processing the seeds include machetes, wood, stone, and metal pans.  As of now, there is no conservation scheme to preserve the Raja plant. However, the knowledge of Raja plant production is still bequeathed among relatives according to local tradition. Further research is needed in order to find other benefits of this species, such as use as a natural pesticide and other potential products that can provide additional income for the Aifat sub-District.
MÍDIACIÊNCIA FAPESP: retrospectiva de duas décadas de projetos em jornalismo científico
Authors: Pessoni Arquimedes , Treulieb Luciane
Published: August 2020

A Fapesp lançou, em 1999, o Programa José Reis de Incentivo ao Jornalismo Científico, também conhecido como Bolsa MídiaCiência. Este artigo identifica o perfil dos projetos selecionados, quem são os principais beneficiados com estas bolsas, as propostas contempladas e quais tipos de mídias são utilizados para a produção e veiculação da divulgação científica durante os 20 anos do projeto. Verificou-se que o Laboratório de Estudos Avançados em Jornalismo da Unicamp foi o que mais recebeu recursos ao longo dos anos, sendo Carlos Vogt o pesquisador responsável por mais projetos no período e que a revista eletrônica ComCiência é o principal veículo utilizado para divulgação dos projetos contemplados.
The meanings of work: a study in the perception of nurses
Authors: Beraldo Keile Aparecida , Mauricio Nathanni Marrelli Matos , Lima Thiago Carneiro de , Bezerra Nathalia de Sousa , Rodrigues Tatyane Alves das Neves Mendes
Published: August 2020

The general objective of this study was to investigate the meanings that nurses from a private hospital located in Palmas attribute to their work. The method used in the research was literature review and field research through the application of questionnaires, using the quantitative approach. The data collection instrument was developed adapted from Morin's studies. The results reveal that the researched population has a positive understanding of work, which is defined as an activity that pays financially, but also allows people to improve their quality of life and grow personally. As for the meaning of work, it was identified that for the researched population, meaningful work is one that has clear objectives and goals, with a salary that meets personal needs, but that respects human values, has a safe environment and brings pleasure.
Ensino de sociologia da comunicação e percepções formativas
Authors: Porto Junior Francisco Gilson Rebouças , Rodrigues Joselinda Maria
Published: August 2020

Atônitas pessoas ao redor do mundo escrutinam noticiários em busca de informações confiáveis sobre a terrível pandemia do Covid19 em uma avalanche de notícias falsas sobre a realidade dos fatos. Notícias verdadeiras podem ser a diferença entre viver ou morrer para milhões de pessoas em todo o globo embora o acesso a notícias verdadeiras possa ser privilégio de poucos. Notícias variam sobre a letalidade da doença, medidas de prevenção e medicamentos que podem surtir efeito no tratamento da afecção, porém também neste aspecto são os cidadãos periféricos de países periféricos os mais prejudicados em se tratando de informações confiáveis.
The challenges of education in front of new technologies
Authors: Ferreira Rodrigues Raimundo , Teixeira Castro Darlene
Published: August 2020

The research deals with the obstacles and challenges of education in the face of new technologies. The objective was to know the recurring obstacles regarding the use of technologies in view of the current reality of schools. The research problem asks what are the obstacles that challenge professionals regarding the use of technologies in the school routine? Bibliographic, descriptive research was used, through the identification, registration and analysis of factors that are related to the theme in question. The main conclusions point out that the teacher is devoid of training in the use of technologies and materials and methods that are conducive to doing everyday teaching and the school needs adaptation to the contemporary technological context.
The commendable man: an anthropological experience of self-slimming based on health TV journalism
Authors: Bertolini Jeferson
Published: August 2020

This article presents the results of an ethnographic research about food, a theme that has gained prominence in Brazilian TV. The author of this work followed feeding tips from the Bem Estar program, Rede Globo; slimmed 25 kg in four months, and noted the sensations he had and the reactions of others. The study considers that Brazilian TV propagates the idea of lean body as "normal" and as a model to be followed. The work uses observant participation. It is an ethnographic research technique in which the researcher not only observes the phenomenon, but also participates in it (in this case, noting changes in the body itself). The manuscript uses an interdisciplinary technique to associate themes from Anthropology to Social Communication. He concludes that the television message in favor of thinness transforms the one who slims into a commendable man.
O homem elogiável: uma experiência antropológica de autoemagrecimento a partir do jornalismo de TV sobre saúde
Authors: Bertolini Jeferson
Published: August 2020

Este artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa sobre alimentação, tema em voga no jornalismo de TV no Brasil. O autor deste trabalho seguiu dicas do programa Bem Estar, da Rede Globo, e emagreceu 25 kg em quatro meses. Durante o emagrecimento, anotou sensações que teve e reações dos outros. Este trabalho considera que, ao ensinar os segredos da alimentação, a TV propaga a ideia de corpo magro como modelo a seguir. O trabalho usa participação observante, técnica etnográfica na qual o pesquisador não só observa o fenômeno como também participa dele (no caso, mudanças no próprio corpo). O manuscrito usa técnica interdisciplinar para associar temas da Antropologia à Comunicação Social. Conclui que a mensagem televisiva em favor da magreza transforma aquele que emagrece em homem elogiável.
Prepulse Inhibition of the Auditory Startle Reflex Assessment as a Hallmark of Brainstem Sensorimotor Gating Mechanisms
Authors: Gómez-Nieto Ricardo , Hormigo Sebastian , López Dolores E.
Published: August 2020

When a low-salience stimulus of any type of sensory modality—auditory, visual, tactile—shortly precedes an unexpected startle-like stimulus, such as the acoustic startle reflex, the startle motor reaction becomes less pronounced or is even abolished. This phenomenon is known as prepulse inhibition (PPI), and it provides operational measures of information processing by filtering out irrelevant stimuli. Because PPI implies plasticity of a reflex and is related to automatic or attentional processes, depending on the interstimulus intervals, this behavioral paradigm might be considered a potential marker of short- and long-term plasticity. Assessment of PPI is directly related to the examination of neural sensorimotor gating mechanisms, which are plastic adaptive operations for preventing overstimulation and help the brain focus on a specific stimulus among other distracters. Despite their obvious importance in normal brain activity, little is known about the intimate physiology, circuitry, and neurochemistry of sensorimotor gating mechanisms. In this work, we extensively review the current literature focusing on studies that used state-of-the-art techniques to interrogate the neuroanatomy, connectomics, neurotransmitter-receptor functions, and sex-derived differences in the PPI process, and how we can harness it as biological marker in neurological and psychiatric pathology.
Effects of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Hybrids and Nitrogen Application on Striga Infection and Grain Yield under Natural Infestation with the Parasitic Weed Striga Hermonthica
Authors: Solomon Reuben , Y. Kamara Alpha , Menkir Abebe , Chikoye David , Aliyu Kamaluddin , Ademulegun Temitope , Mohammed Ibrahim , Tofa Abdullahi , Omoigui Lucky
Published: August 2020

Low soil nitrogen status of savanna soils in Nigeria contributes to the persistent Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. infestation that limits maize production. The application of nitrogen fertilizer to Striga-resistant hybrids may reduce Striga infection and increase grain yields. This study assessed the performance of maize hybrids at low (30 kg ha-1) and high (120 kg ha-1) nitrogen application under natural infestation with Striga at Kafin Madaki and Tudun Wada in 2014 and 2015. Results showed that the application of nitrogen at 120 kg ha-1 reduced number of Striga plants by 59% compared to application at 30 kg N ha-1 in Kafin Madaki and by 21% in Tudun Wada. Compared to 30 kg N ha-1, the 120 kg N ha-1 rate also reduced Striga damage rating by 22% in Kafin Madaki and by 33% in Tudun Wada across the hybrids. Hybrids 8338-1 (5.3) and OBASUPER 1 (4.3) were the only entries with Striga damage rating greater than 4.5 (SDR > 4.5) when averaged across the nitrogen levels at both locations. Grain yield was 86 and 98% higher in Kafin Madaki and Tudun Wada, respectively when N was applied at 120 kg N ha-1 than at 30 kg N ha-1. The hybrids M1124-3 and M1227-14 produced grain yields that were significantly higher than those of the other hybrids in all locations. The hybrid 8338-1 produced the lowest grain yield across locations. Our results showed that, the application of 120 kg N ha-1 to Striga resistant maize hybrids will reduce Striga infection and increase grain yield.
Melatonin-induced Water Stress Tolerance in Plants: Recent Advances
Authors: Moustafa-Farag Mohamed , Mahmoud Ahmed , Arnao Marino B. , Sheteiwy Mohamed S. , Dafea Mohamed , Soltan Mahmoud , Elkelish Amr , Hasanuzzaman Mirza , Ai Shaoying
Published: August 2020

Water stress (drought and waterlogging) is drastic abiotic stress to plant growth and development. Melatonin, bioactive plant hormone, has been widely tested in drought situations in diverse plant species, while a few studies on the role of melatonin in waterlogging stress conditions have been published. In the current review, we analyze the bio-stimulatory functions of melatonin on plants under both drought and waterlogging stress. Melatonin controls the levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and positively changes the molecular defense to improve plant tolerance against drought and waterlogging stress. Moreover, the crosstalk of melatonin and other phytohormones is a key element on plant survival under drought stress, while this relationship needs further investigation under waterlogging stress. In this review, we draw the complete story of water stress on both sides: drought and waterlogging through discussing the previous critical studies under both conditions. Moreover, we suggest several research directions, especially for waterlogging, which remains a big vague piece of melatonin and water stress puzzle.
Two New Localities of Astyanax Cavefish Plus Revision of its Biogeography
Authors: Espinasa Luis , Ornelas-García Claudia Patricia , Legendre Laurent , Rétaux Sylvie , Best Alexandra , Gamboa-Miranda Ramses , Espinosa-Pérez Hector , Sprouse Peter
Published: August 2020

The Astyanax species complex has two morphs: a blind, depigmented morph which inhabits caves in México and an eyed, pigmented surface-dwelling morph. The eyed morph can also be found in caves, sometimes hybridizing with the cave morph. This species complex has arguably become the most prominent model system among cave organisms for the study of evolutionary development and genomics. Before this study, 32 caves were known to be inhabited by the cave morph, 30 of them within the El Abra region. The purpose of this study was to conduct new surveys of the area and to assess some unconfirmed reports of caves presumably inhabited by troglomorphic fish. We describe two new localities, Sótano del Toro #2 and Sótano de La Calera. These two caves make a single hydric system together with the previously described cave of Sótano del Toro. The system is inhabited by a mixed population of troglomorphic, epigeomorphic and presumably hybrid fish. Furthermore, Astyanax cavefish and the mysid shrimp Spelaeomysis quinterensis show a phylogeographic convergence that supports the notion that the central Sierra de El Abra is a biogeographical region that has influenced the evolutionary history of its aquatic community across species. The presumptive location of its boundaries, which may limit cave-to-cave or surface-to-cave gene flow, are identified.
The Effect of Acute Intense Exercise on Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Smokers and Non-smokers
Authors: Nobari Hadi , nejad Hamzeh Abdi , Ahmadi Mina , Mohseni Soghra , Kargarfard Mehdi , Pérez-Gómez Jorge , Carmelo Adsuar Jose , Suzuki Katsuhiko
Published: August 2020

Acute intense exercise causes significant oxidative stress and consequently an increase in total antioxidant capacity; however, the mechanisms and combined effects of intense exercise and smoking on oxidative stress among active and non-active smokers are not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute intense exercise on antioxidant enzyme activity responses in active and non-active individuals exposed to cigarette smoke. The study included 40 subjects who were equally classified as: smokers that did exercise (SE), smokers that did not do exercise (SnE), non-smokers that did exercise (NSE), and non-smokers that did not do exercise (NSnE). The adjusted Astrand test was used to exhaust the subjects. Salivary enzymes of peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured, by spectrophotometry methods, at 3 different time points: pre-test (TP1), post-test (TP2), and one hour after finishing the test (TP3). Significant (p<0.05) group x time interactions were found for the three enzymes. Salivary POX, CAT and SOD increased in all groups from TP1 to TP2 and decreased from TP2 to TP3. Only the NSE showed a significant difference between TP1 to TP3 in POX and SOD by +0.011 ± 0.007 and +0.075 ± 0.02 (U/ml), respectively. The NSE showed significantly higher levels of POX, CAT and SOD in TP2 compared to the other groups. Furthermore, NSE and NSnE had higher levels of POX, CAT and SOD in TP1 and TP3 (p<0.05) compared with SE and SnE. Only in the NSnE, were no differences observed in CAT compared with SE and SnE in TP3. These results showed that the antioxidant level at rest and in the recovery time after the acute intense exercise was lower in SE and SnE compared with NSE and NSnE, suggesting that smoking habit may reduce the ameliorating effect of regular physical activity on acute exercise-induced oxidative stress.
60 Years in 100 Days: How COVID-19 Exposes the Lethality of Social Inequality
Authors: Pessoa Gabriella Emilly , Steinke Valdir Adilson
Published: August 2020

The pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 had begun in March of 2020 on a global scale. This outbreak has originated numerous questions for society and many challenges for public managers. The disease is worrying because it has a high propagation velocity, high lethality levels, and there is no cure. Some groups are considered more vulnerable due to pre-existing disease conditions, age-range, and living conditions. In Latin American countries, people live in different conditions than those who live in countries located in the North hemisphere, such as climatic conditions, less favorable socioeconomic conditions, different educational levels, inequality, precarious urban infrastructure, etc. These factors generate even more concern and uncertainty about the pandemic than in developed countries. This study aimed, although preliminarily, to identify areas of great socio-spatial vulnerability and susceptibility of infection of people over 60 years old of COVID-19 in Brasília, Brazil. In this research, publicly available data and information about the population characteristics and social aspects were used, all connected directly to the census sectors. With the support of Geographic Information System (GIS), a matrix was used to cross-check the data and, thereby, achieve the objective of identifying the most vulnerable sectors for people aged over 60 years old. The results point out to more than 400 census sectors classified as Extremely Vulnerable in Brasília and it should be the object of special attention for public managers to do specific health care actions.
Weak Deflection Angle of some Classes of non-linear Electrodynamics Black Holes via Gauss-Bonnet Theorem
Authors: El Moumni Hasan , Masmar Karima , Övgün Ali
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we study the gravitational lensing by some black hole classes within the non-linear electrodynamics in weak field limits. First, we calculate an optical geometry of the non-linear electrodynamics black hole then we use the Gauss-Bonnet theorem for finding deflection angle in weak field limits. The effect of non-linear electrodynamics on the deflection angle in leading order terms is studied. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of the plasma medium on the weak deflection angle.
Nondestructive Detection for Egg Freshness based on Hyperspectral Scattering Image combined with Ensemble Learning
Authors: DAI Dejian , JIANG Tao , LU Wei , SHEN Xuan , XIU Rui , ZHANG Jingwei
Published: August 2020

Scattering hyperspectral technology is a nondestructive testing method with many advantages. Here, we propose a method to improve the accuracy of egg freshness, research the influence of incident angles of light source on the accuracy and explain its mechanism. A variety of weak classifiers classify eggs based on the spectra after preprocessing and feature wavelength extraction to obtain three classifiers with the highest accuracy. The three classifiers are used as metamodels of stacking ensemble learning to improve the highest accuracy from 96.25% to 100%. Moreover, the highest accuracy of scattering, reflection, transmission and mixed hyperspectral of eggs are 100.00%, 88.75%, 95.00% and 96.25%, respectively, indicating that the scattering hyperspectral for egg freshness detection is better than that of the others. In addition, the accuracy is inversely proportional to the angle of incidence due that the smaller the incident angle, the camera collects a larger proportion of scattering light, which contains more biochemical parameters of an egg than that of reflection and transmission. These results are very important for improving the accuracy of non-destructive testing and selecting the incident angle of the light source, and have potential applications in online non-destructive testing.
Nutritional Risk Screening Tools for Elderly Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Silva David Franciole de Oliveira , Lima Severina Carla Vieira Cunha , Sena-Evangelista Karine Cavalcanti Mauricio , Marchioni Dirce , Cobucci Ricardo Ney , Andrade Fábia Barbosa de
Published: August 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high risk of malnutrition, primarily in elderly people; assessing nutritional risk using appropriate screening tools is critical. This systematic review identified applicable tools and assessed their measurement properties. Literature was searched in the MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS databases. Four studies conducted in China met the eligibility criteria. Sample sizes ranged from six to 182, and participants’ ages from 65 to 87 years. Seven nutritional screening and assessment tools were used: the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), MNA-short form (MNA-sf), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), Geriatric NRI (GNRI), and modified Nutrition Risk in the Critically ill (mNUTRIC) score. Nutritional risk was identified in 27.5% to 100% of participants. The NRS-2002, MNA, MNA-sf, NRI, and MUST demonstrated high sensitivity; the MUST had better specificity. The MNA and MUST demonstrated better criterion validity. The MNA-sf demonstrated better predictive validity for poor appetite and weight loss; the NRS-2002 demonstrated better predictive validity for prolonged hospitalization. mNUTRIC score demonstrated good predictive validity for hospital mortality. Most instruments demonstrate high sensitivity for identifying nutritional risk, but none are acknowledged as the best for nutritional screening in elderly COVID-19 patients.