bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth Dynamics and Tree Shape of Common Beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) in the International Provenance Test
Authors: Memišević Hodžić Mirzeta , Ballian Dalibor
Published: November 2021

Provenance tests of forest tree species are important experiments in silviculture and tree breeding. Their results provide information about provenances' growth, adaptability, and other features. The research aimed to determine the dynamics of growth and tree shape of common beech plants per provenances in the international provenance test in Bosnia and Herzegovina to choose the best provenances considering wood production and quality. Research was conducted in the provenance test containing eight provenances from Bosnia and Herzegovina, four from Germany, three from Serbia, two each from Croatia, Romania, and Switzerland, and one from Hungary. Provenance test was established in 2007 by planting 2-year-old and 3-year old seedlings. Height and root collar diameter were measured, and tree shape was assessed in 2019. Data were processed in SPSS 26.0. Descriptive statistics, variance analysis, multiple Duncan's test for all traits, and Pearson's coefficient of corelation among morphological traits and tree shape were calculated. Variance for the height and root collar diameter showed statistically significant differences among different ages of plants and among provenances. Provenance from Croatia (Dilj Čaglinski) had the highest, and provenance from Romania (Alba-Iulia) had the lowest average height. The highest average value of root collar diameter had provenance Dilj Čaglinski, and the lowest value had provenance Sihlwald (Switzerland). The highest percentage of category 10 (ideal tree form) had provenance Bad Wildbad (Germany), and categories 1-4 (no silviculture value) had provenance Alba-Iulia (Romania). Pearson's coefficient showed that height, root collar diameter, and tree shape are highly correlated. Considering all the above, when planning forest-breeding works, it is recommended to continue the research and favor provenances with the best growth and tree shape.
QUALITY OF BLACK SCORPIONFISH (Scorpaena porcus, Linnaeus 1758) MEAT COOKED IN DIFFERENT COOKING MATERIALS
Authors: ÇORAPCI Bengunur
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to investigate the effect of different cooking materials on some physical, nutritional, and sensory characteristics of black scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus) meat. To achieve this aim, scorpion fish fillets were divided into four groups as open-roasted (control), oven bag cooked (Group A), baking paper wrapped (Group B) and aluminum foil wrapped (Group C). All fillets were cooked in an electrical oven. The nutritional and amino acid composition, water activity and color measurements were carried out in all samples including raw fish. Sensorial properties of all cooked samples were also evaluated. On comparing the raw and cooked groups it was found that cooking materials had a considerable effect on the nutritional and amino acid composition. The protein and total amino acid contents of the Control group were higher than that of the other groups due to water loss. It was also determined that the aromatic amino acid content of the control group was higher than the other groups. The cooking losses varied according to the type of cooking material. The method of cooking in the baking paper can be said to be the most preferable method for this fish according to the sensory analysis results.
Mogućnosti implementacije učinkovitih pristupa u radu s darovitim učenicima
Authors: Erdeš Babić Nina , Mirosavljević Ana
Published: November 2021

Uloga obrazovanja u poticanju darovitosti učenika očituje se u unaprjeđenju procesa identifikacije te implementaciji odgovarajućih metoda, oblika, pristupa u radu te nastavnih planova i programa koji trebaju biti prilagođeni individualnom profilu učenika. Neizostavnu ulogu ima kompetentan učitelj osposobljen i intrinzično motiviran za rad s učenicima iznadprosječnih sposobnosti, usmjeravajući potencijalnu prema manifestnoj darovitosti. Podrška darovitim učenicima još uvijek nije dovoljno razvijena, čime se zapostavljaju i podcjenjuju posebnosti darovitih učenika i izazovi s kojima se susreću u suvremenom odgojno-obrazovnom sustavu. Stoga se kroz ovaj rad aktualizira i dalje nedovoljno istražena tematika obrazovanja darovitih učenika koji predstavljaju pokretačku snagu razvoja suvremenog društva. Rad se bavi teorijskim razmatranjem fenomena darovitosti, karakteristikama darovitih učenika te kompetencijama učitelja za rad s darovitim učenicima. Nadalje, razmatra se diferencijacija u nastavi i pristupi u radu s darovitim učenicima.
The Roman port of Ancona during the Trajanic era
Authors: Ugolini Federico
Published: November 2021

During the Trajanic era, Ancona was one of the greatest ports of the Western Adriatic. Scholars have so far considered its remains from a limited historical and topographic perspective. This paper explores the Roman port of Ancona during the Imperial period, through a multidisciplinary examination of literary, archaeological and epigraphic sources. This paper investigates the scale, capacity and urban setting of Ancona’s port. Using topographic observations and excavation data, the first section summarises the form and development of the port and identifies its recurring elements, including the quay, mole(s), lighthouse, horrea, etc. The second section investigates the agents and sponsorships responsible for the construction of Ancona’s port. The third section examines the capacity of the port. Using epigraphic, statistical and shipwreck data, it assesses the capacity of the port, by analysing berth widths and the mooring and manoeuvring of ships. The fourth section explores its urban setting and makes a case for the practical and monumental characters of the port. Supporting information on the port topography and epigraphic and archaeological data are presented in the Table.
Directly measured free and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in relation to metabolic health in multi-ethnic postmenopausal females in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharazy Shatha , Robertson M Denise , Lanham-New Susan , Naseer Muhammad Imran , Chaudhary Adeel G , Alissa Eman
Published: November 2021

Background

Measurement of free 25-hydroyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status has been suggested as a more representative marker of vitamin D status than that of total 25(OH)D. Previously, free 25(OH)D could only be calculated indirectly; however, a newly developed direct assay for the measurement of free 25(OH)D is now available. The aim of this study therefore was to investigate directly measured total and free vitamin D levels association with metabolic health in postmenopausal healthy women living in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

A sample of 302 postmenopausal women aged ≥50 years (n  = 302) living in Saudi Arabia were recruited in a cross-sectional study design. Blood samples were collected from subjects for measurement of serum levels of total 25(OH)D, directly measured free 25(OH)D, metabolic bone parameters, lipid profile, and other biochemical tests.

Results

A positive correlation was found between directly measured free and total 25(OH)D (r = 0.64, P< 0.0001). Total but not free 25(OH)D showed significant association with serum intact parathyroid hormone (P = 0.004), whilst free 25(OH)D but not total 25(OH)D showed a significant association with total cholesterol and LDL-C (P = 0.032 and P = 0.045, respectively).

Conclusions

Free 25(OH)D and total 25(OH)D were found to be consistently correlated but with different associations to metabolic health parameters. Further research is needed to determine which marker of vitamin D status would be the most appropriate in population studies.
THE SUCCESSFUL MODEL OF DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Branekova D.
Published: November 2021

The main focus of the article is the presentation of a model of distance learning in the process of its implementation in the conditions of a global pandemic. A study is included related to the readiness of teachers and students to implement distance learning without time for prior preparation. The influence of the model has been studied on the readiness of the students for learning, as well as the student's attitude to distance learning. Recommendations are made for the development and improvement of the model of distance learning as a component of the university educational environment.
NATIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF FOREIGN STUDENTS AND THE STYLE OF PEDAGOGICAL COMMUNICATION
Authors: Angelova I.
Published: November 2021

The paper considers that the pedagogical communication in a foreign audience is a specific form of interaction between the subjects of intercultural communication a teacher and a student. It is formed on the basis of proficiency of the teacher of special communication technology, depends on his pedagogical mastery and is aimed at education, upbringing and development of the foreign students. It also has reserved for improving the educational process and developing the foundations of intercultural competence for both the student and the teacher. The author points out that the organization of professional pedagogical communication with foreign students requires the teacher to improve his psychological and pedagogical training and sufficient theoretical knowledge in the field of ethnopsychology and ethnopedagogy. Тhe paper analyzes some of the most important national psychological features of the foreign students and their relation to the pedagogical communication.
Żądania „Solidarności” wobec władz komunistycznych dotyczące wolności słowa w radiu i telewizji
Authors: Dziekan-Łanucha Agata
Published: November 2021

Żądania „Solidarności” wobec władz komunistycznych dotyczące wolności słowa w radiu i telewizji. Formujący się na początku lat 80. Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy „Solidarność” od pierwszych momentów swojej działalności walczył o wolność mediów, likwidację monopolu władz komunistycznych w radiofonii i telewizji, dopuszczenie do głosu niezależnych środowisk. Rozpoczynał tuż przed wybuchem stanu wojennego od żądań dostępu do radia i telewizji dla siebie oraz dla wszystkich środowisk odgrywających istotną rolę w życiu publicznym kraju. W czasie obrad Okrągłego Stołu opozycjoniści domagali się likwidacji Komitetu do spraw Radia i Telewizji oraz stworzenia systemu mediów poddanego kontroli społecznej. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja wyników badań polegających na analizie głównie materiałów źródłowych (oficjalnych dokumentów, doniesień prasowych) wytworzonych w 80. latach, a odnoszących się do poglądów i żądań przedstawicieli „Solidarności” dotyczących pluralizmu w mediach elektronicznych.
News Values vs. Gospel Values. Religious messages in the media – case study of celebrity gossip column “Virtues and Vices”
Authors: Rončáková Terézia
Published: November 2021

News Values vs. Gospel Values. Religious messages in the media – case study of celebrity gossip column “Virtues and Vices”. By conveying religious messages through a media communication channel, researches often point to the “news non-value” of religious events. This is a conflict between “news values” (headed by conflict) and “gospel values” (which are Christian virtues). However, some religious topics are also interesting for the secular media. Among them, the most popular are the stories and fortunes of well-known people (and their private lives). The Slovak weekly, “.týždeň”, has published a regular column of Virtues and Vices, since 2011, in which celebrities – including many Christians – openly talk about their strengths and weaknesses. This study offers a content analysis of the presented virtues and vices; answering the question, what (Christian) virtues and their negations are of interest to the secular media?
O historii komunikowania muzyką i jej inspiracjach
Authors: Raś Dariusz
Published: November 2021

O historii komunikowania muzyką i jej inspiracjach. Jedną z centralnych ról w historii komunikacji międzyludzkiej pełni muzyka. Z początku proste, a potem coraz bardziej wyszukane formy muzyczne towarzyszą człowiekowi już od starożytności. Muzyczna komunikacja i ekspresja odróżnia się od innych form wyrazu znacznie większą abstrakcyjnością przekazywanych treści oraz wykorzystaniem oprócz głosu ludzkiego, również innych dźwięków naturalnych oraz instrumentów muzycznych. Celem opracowania jest przestawienie emanacyjnej analizy źródeł muzycznych autorstwa papieża Benedykta XVI w zestawieniu z wybranymi informacjami o źródłach, gatunkach muzyki i historii tej formy komunikacji.
Media jako przestrzeń komunikacji wiary i kultury w nauczaniu Jana Pawła II. Szkic do problemu
Authors: Lamch Marzanna
Published: November 2021

Media jako przestrzeń komunikacji wiary i kultury w nauczaniu Jana Pawła II. Szkic do problemu. Kultura jest rzeczywistością właściwą tylko człowiekowi. Środki społecznego przekazu, które w dużej mierze tworzą kulturę i ją przekazują, służą osobie ludzkiej i całemu społeczeństwu. Stanowią swoisty pomost między kulturą a wiarą; poszerzają i zgłębiają wiedzę religijną, inspirują, intrygują i służą jako narzędzie ewangelizacji. Jan Paweł II zwraca uwagę na to, jak ważne w kulturze są treści religijne, które oddają pełny obraz człowieka jako jedności psychofizycznej, jedności duszy i ciała, i jego powołania do miłości.
Influencia del protocolo adhesivo en la integridad marginal de resinas compuestas cervicales. Revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Rios Navas Fabian Alberto , Cáceres Cortés Fernando , Azocar Cabello Teresa
Published: November 2021

Una opción rehabilitadora de lesiones cervicales no cariosas es a través de resinas compuestas, sin embargo, estas presentan dificultades debido a factores biológicos y clínicos, los cuales pueden afectar el mecanismo de adhesión. 

Los adhesivos podemos utilizarlos bajo el protocolo de grabado y  enjuague, como también de autograbado, estos últimos han simplificado pasos con el fin de reducir tiempo clínico sin afectar la calidad de la restauración. A pesar del desarrollo de nuevos materiales adhesivos, aún presentan fallas.

A través de esta revisión sistemática buscamos determinar que protocolo adhesivo presenta un mejor comportamiento clínico frente a la integridad marginal de resinas compuestas en lesiones cervicales no cariosas, con el fin de obtener mejores resultados clínicos y evitar el fracaso del tratamiento.

Se examinaron tres bases de datos: PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, utilizando criterios de búsqueda predefinidos: P: Pacientes con necesidad de restauraciones LCNC,  I: Resinas compuestas adheridas con adhesivos autograbantes, C: Resinas compuestas adheridas con adhesivos de grabado y enjuague, O: Integridad marginal (adaptación y tinción marginal). Realizamos la selección de artículos y la extracción de datos en duplicado y de forma independiente. El proceso fue predefinido y piloteado por lineamientos PRISMA. Según la evidencia, hemos determinado el sistema adhesivo que presenta mejor desempeño clínico en cuanto a tinción y adaptación marginal, estableciendo que los adhesivos de autograbado de 2 pasos presentan el mismo rendimiento que los adhesivos de grabado y enjuague de 3 pasos, sin embargo estos últimos entregan menor tinción de los márgenes de la restauración.
Ansiedad de estudiantes de Estomatología cubanos e intención de abandonar estudios durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Chaple Gil Alain Manuel , Monzón Pérez Maicel Eugenio , Rodríguez Ledezma Ernesto Boris
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de la ansiedad en estudiantes de estomatología durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 y su relación con la intención de dejar sus programas de estudio.

Métodos: estudio descriptivo- transversal donde se aplicó una encuesta online donde se evaluó la salud mental de estudiantes y residentes de estomatología y la intención de abandonar sus estudios durante la COVID-19. Respondieron 917 estudiantes de 16 provincias. Se confeccionó encuesta de 24 ítems sobre intenciones de dejar los programas de estudios tanto en estudiantes de pregrado como residentes de especialidades, salud mental general desde el punto de vista de la ansiedad y efectos de la Pandemia de COVID-19. Para la determinación de la ansiedad se empleó la escala de trastorno de ansiedad generalizada. Se dicotomizaron las variables necesarias para efectuar los análisis y evaluó las relaciones bivariadas entre la intención de abandonar los programas de estudio y cada predictor mediante la generación de Relación de Momios como medida de tamaño del efecto.  Se realizaron pruebas de independencia para identificar diferencias en las proporciones.

Resultados: El 37.4% de los estudiantes tuvieron Trastorno de Ansiedad Generalizada. La necesidad de bibliotecas (1.92 [1.34;2.74]), bibliotecas virtuales (2.19 [1.66;2.89]), servicios de tutoría (3.26 [2.47;4.32]), libros digitales (1.65 [1.26;2.17]) y otras necesidades (1.70 [1.06;2.75]). La ansiedad estuvo relacionada con la intención de abandonar sus carreras (3.05 [2.01;4.69]) e igual que la percepción de si la pandemia de la COVID-19 había impactado negativamente en su salud mental (1.87[1.20;2.99]. La regresión logística arrojó significación reafirmando los resultados.

Conclusiones: Más de la cuarta parte de los participantes tuvo trastorno de ansiedad generalizada. El deseo de abandonar sus programas de estudio por los participantes estuvo relacionado la presencia de ansiedad y la autopercepción de estos de que la pandemia del COVID-19 ha impactado en su salud mental.
PRÁCTICAS DE LECTURA LITERARIA ESCOLAR: REVISIÓN CRÍTICA DE SU AGENDA Y DESAFÍOS EN CLAVE DE JUSTICIA SOCIAL
Authors: Sánchez Lara Ricardo
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo se enmarca en una línea investigativa emergente: la lectura literaria escolar en clave de justicia social. El principal propósito del texto es analizar, crítica y descriptivamente, las prácticas lectoliterarias documentadas por la comunidad científica. Para tales fines, se emplea una metodología de análisis bibliográfico dividida en tres momentos: rastreo, análisis y presentación de resultados. El corpus analítico (25 textos) reconoce dos bloques de evidencias: aquellas que refieren al ser escolar de la lectura literaria, y aquellas que dan cuenta del mismo objeto pero se documentan desde el marco teórico de la justicia (o tributándole). Entre los hallazgos destacan: buena parte de las prácticas reportadas sintonizan con la lectura como tecnología universal y con la educación literaria desde su enfoque lectointerpretativo, mientras que, en menor medida, las prácticas lectoras son interpeladas o diseñadas desde la justicia como marco político, epistémico y didáctico. La relevancia del trabajo está en proponer, a partir de la identificación de agendas, sentidos y nudos críticos, algunos desafíos pedagógicos que allanen la ruta para nuevas investigaciones y posibiliten la reflexión sobre el quehacer político de la lectura literaria escolar.
LITERATURA DE TRADICIÓN DESDE LA INCLUSIÓN Y LA JUSTICIA SOCIAL
Authors: Ponce-Naranjo Genoveva
Published: November 2021

La literatura de tradición oral merece un espacio en el currículo, diseñado principalmente desde un canon que deja de lado al lector desde su contexto y al oyente sin el abastecimiento de la memoria de su pueblo. En este marco, el propósito de este trabajo se enfoca en establecer una discusión relacionada con la literatura de tradición como propuesta desde la justicia social, la interculturalidad y la inclusión. La reflexión surge de una investigación de enfoque cualitativo basada en la experiencia etnográfica en parroquias rurales del cantón Riobamba. Dicho trabajo estuvo compuesto por las fases: 1) Delimitación del área etnográfica; 2) Localización de informantes depositarios de un acervo tradicional; 3) Diseño, validación por expertos de la guía de entrevista abierta y aplicación a treinta y tres informantes claves y 4) Trabajo de gabinete: transcripción, clasificación y edición de los etnotextos registrados. Además, desde la sustentación teórica se plantean otras formas de docencia en Pedagogía de la Lengua y la Literatura. Se arribó a dos resultados importantes: el corpus valorado evidencia a la comunidad como una fuente inagotable y el mantenimiento de espacios a través de la tradición oral contrarresta las dificultades relacionadas con los pobladores que no han accedido a la escritura.
Retromandibular Approach as a Method for Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Mandibular Condyle Fractures. Experience in the Regional Hospital 1º de Octubre, ISSSTE and Literature Review
Authors: MGR González , AMN Munguía , CASJ González , EB Tellez , IDG Montes
Published: November 2021

Mandibular condyle fractures constitute 17.5% to 52% of mandibular fractures. Open reduction with internal fixation and closed reduction are described for their treatment. Fonseca describes the absolute indications for open treatment when there is displacement of the mandibular condyle to the middle cranial fossa, foreign body invasion, extra capsular displacement of the condyle, and/or malocclusion not susceptible to closed reduction. It includes indications with vast evidence for open treatment of bicondyle fractures, condylar displacement greater than 45 degrees, reduction in the height of the mandibular ramus greater than or equal to 2mm, fractures associated with fractures of the middle third and when there is unstable occlusion. The above establishes sufficient evidence to perform open treatment in various situations of condylar fractures. Regarding the approach of the mandibular condyle region there are different surgical techniques, such as, the preauricular, retroauricular, submandibular, retromandibular, and rhytidectomy approaches.
Early Osseointegration Attained by UV-Photo Treated Implant into Piezosurgery-Prepared Site. Report III. Influence of Surface Treatment by Hydrogen Peroxide Solution and Determination of Early Loading Timing
Authors: T Miyazaki , T Yutani , N Murai , A Kawata , H Shimizu , N Uejima , Y Miyazaki , Y Oshida
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The aims of this study were (1) to investigate effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide treatment on early osseointegration, and (2) to determine the best timing for early loading.
Uniting the Nation through Transcending Menstrual Blood: The Period Products Act in Historical Perspective
Authors: Bildhauer Bettina
Published: November 2021

This article situates the Period Products (Free Provision) (Scotland) Act 2021 in the context of historical imaginations both of menstruation and of the nation. It shows that despite the law- makers’ stated intentions, traditional menstrual stigma still underlies the Act and its parliamentary debates. This allows politicians speaking about menstruation to distance themselves from those who menstruate, claiming a position as part of a privileged, authoritative community, and further associating menstruation with being underprivileged. The article shows how deep and pervasive the roots of this stigmatising pattern are, tracing it back to premodern and early modern humoral medicine, specifically to Pseudo-Albertus Magnus’ Secreta mulierum (The Secrets of Women), and to modern fiction directly discussed in the Scottish parliament: the film I, Daniel Blake and Alasdair Gray’s novel Poor Things. The parliamentarians, moreover, imagine that the bonds created by speaking about menstrual blood extend to the whole nation. They implicitly understand the nation to be united by a shared blood and at the same time as transcending blood, in this case menstrual blood. This tacit conception is part of a historical pattern of similar imaginations of the Scottish nation in relation to blood, as this article will show in a sample of Scottish historical, fictional and political writing and thought from the Middle Ages to today. Menstruation in this way turns out to be central to historical and contemporary understandings of citizenship.Featured image: Matriline by Bibo Keeley, digital image, 2016
From the Autochthonous Grape Varieties of the Kastav Region (Croatia) to the Belica Wine
Authors: Pavlešić Tomislav , Saftić Martinović Lara , Peršurić Željka , Maletić Edi , Žulj Mihaljević Maja , Stupić Domagoj , Andabaka Željko , Grgić Zoran , Kraljević Pavelić Sandra
Published: November 2021

Research background. Coastal region of Croatia is rich in autochthonous grape varieties. Many of them have been almost abandoned, such as the autochthonous varieties of Kastav (Croatia), used for the production of the Kastavska Belica wine. Therefore, the rationale of the presented study is to characterize autochthonous grape varieties Verdić, Mejsko belo, Jarbola, Divjaka and Brajkovac. In addition, we performed a molecular characterization of the corresponding Belica wines.
Experimental approach. Firstly, the genetic origin and ampelographic and economic characteristics of five autochthonous grape varieties were determined. Standard physicochemical profiles and phenolic components of 12 wines from different producers were determined by liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (LC-QQQ-MS). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used for determination of standard physicochemical parameters.
Results and conclusions. Ampelographic analysis, which includes the data on producing characteristics and cluster and berry composition of the varieties, revealed significant differences between the analysed grape varieties. Results of the physicochemical analysis of the Belica wine showed that all wines met the requirements needed for the production of quality and top quality wines labelled with protected designation of origin (PDO) in Croatian coastal region. The LC-QQQ-MS analysis confirmed the presence of different phenolic components in the Belica wines, where the most prominent phenols were flavonoids from the flavan-3-ol group. Overall, these results showed that autochthonous grapes from the Kastav region can be used for production of wines with added market value due to a
growing demand for autochthonous products on the global market.
Novelty and scientific contribution. The presented results give scientific insight and a basis for further determination of the optimal cultivation technology aimed to take advantage of the best characteristics of each variety for production of a wine with desirable features.
Prospects of Maize (Corn) Wet Milling By-Products as a Source of Functional Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals
Authors: Thalli Satyanarayana Deepak Thalli Satyanarayana Deepak , Padmanabhan Appukuttan Jayadeep Padmanabhan Appukuttan Jayadeep
Published: November 2021

Maize (corn) consists of germ, endosperm and pericarp, with different chemical compositions. During wet milling, the maize is disintegrated into the main product starch and by-products, including maize germ, maize fibre and maize gluten (the technical term for maize/corn endosperm-specific proteins and not the same as wheat gluten). These by-products are used as low-value animal feed products. The maize germ contains high amounts of tocols and phospholipids, the maize gluten is rich in carotenoids and the maize
fibre fraction is rich in phytosterols and complex carbohydrates. Each by-product has a potential to serve as a precursor in the manufacture of functional food ingredients or nutraceuticals that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolaemic, hypolipidaemic and hypoglycaemic properties. These food ingredients/nutraceuticals can be obtained through physical, chemical or enzymatic processes. Some nutraceuticals and food ingredients with market potential include maize/corn fibre gum, oil, arabinoxylans and xylooligosaccharides from maize fibre; maize germ oil and phospholipid ester from maize
germ; and carotenoids and oligopeptides from maize gluten. This review focuses on current and prospective research into the use of maize germ, maize fibre and maize gluten in the production of potentially high-quality food ingredients or nutraceuticals.
THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RECYCLED-PLASTIC PELLETS OBTAINED FROM DISPOSABLE FACE MASK WASTES
Authors: Saraswaty Vienna , Nissa Rossy Choerun , Firdiana Bonita , Abdullah Akbar Hanif Dawam
Published: November 2021

THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RECYCLED-PLASTIC PELLETS OBTAINED FROM DISPOSABLE FACE MASK WASTES. The government policy to wear a face mask during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased disposable face mask wastes. Thus, to reduce such wastes, it is necessary to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of disposable face masks wastes before the recycling process and the recycled products. In this study, physicochemical characterization of the 3-ply disposable face masks and the recycled plastic pellets after disinfection using 0.5% v/v sodium hypochlorite were evaluated. A set of parameters including the characterization of surface morphology by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), functional groups properties by a fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal behavior by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile strength and elongation at break were evaluated. The surface morphological of each layer 3-ply disposable face mask showed that the layers were composed of non-woven fibers. The FT-IR evaluation revealed that 3-ply disposable face mask was made from a polypropylene. At the same time, the DSC analysis found that the polypropylene was in the form of homopolymer. The SEM analysis showed that the recycled plastic pellets showed a rough and uneven surface. The FT-IR, tensile strength and elongation at break of the recycled plastic pellets showed similarity with a virgin PP type CP442XP and a recycled PP from secondary recycling PP (COPLAST COMPANY). In summary, recycling 3-ply disposable face mask wastes to become plastic pellets is recommended for handling disposable face mask wastes problem.
From «Commercial» to «Economic» Education: the Case of Irkutsk Financial and Economic Institute of 1941–1945
Authors: Maidachevsky Dmitry
Published: November 2021

The author of the article reconstructs the shift, which occurred in the model and disciplinary structure of «commercial» education towards «economic» one. The research is based on disciplinary approach in the history of education, which builds on subject-oriented character of knowledge and empirical analysis of Irkutsk Financial and Economic Institute case. Although the shift was being discreetly prepared for several decades and included many attempts to integrate commercial functions of education with economic field, its real start was caused by external to science and education factors. The subject area of a business economics became the point of intersection for economic and commercial disciplines. The area appeared mainly due to political and ideological campaign aimed at making the enterprises’ party core groups aware of economic knowledge. The 18th All-Union Conference of Communist Party initiated the campaign in 1941. The outbreak of war forced people to view the business economics as a scientific and practical field of study, which applies many techniques and methods of economic analysis in order to ensure effective operation and reveal its potential reserves. After obtaining the right to operate beyond the scientific and practical environment, the subject area of business economics entered the higher education area, transforming its educational and research programs and integrating the disciplinary models and structures of economic and commercial education.
Stakhanovite Movement and the Policy of Labour Efficiency Improvement in the Second Part of the 1930s (by the Example of Tula Gunsmiths)
Authors: Volodin Sergey
Published: November 2021

The article considers the phenomenon of Stakhanovite Movement in terms of labor efficiency management in the second part of the 30-s of the 20th century. The author describes the sources of Stakhanovite Movement based on unity of research subject, succession and development. According to the research, the main prerequisites of Stakhanovite Movement include such new phenomena of the Soviet economy as increase in power availability of workers, enhancing their technical literacy, raising the level of workers’ general culture and the role of labor financial incentives. The Stakhanovitе method of improving labor efficiency was based on specialization of qualified and supplementary labor, rationalization of technological process, transfer of best practices and political management of Stakhanovite Movement. At the same time, Stakhanovite Movement had some drawbacks, which were widely described by national and foreign historians. The rhythm of production cycle was regularly disrupted due to arrangement of Stakhanovite shifts, five-day working weeks and month’s campaigns. The expanding progressive piece-work pay system also had some disadvantages. The Stakhanovite Movement content included the strengthening of psycho-physical pressure, which workers were strongly opposed to. Although Stakhanovite Movement played a very meaningful role in labor efficiency improvement based on technological advancement and new financial incentives that led to establishing the Soviet industrial patriotism, a new historical phenomenon.
Merchant Libraries in the Cultural Heritage of Irkutsk
Authors: Shakherov Vadim
Published: November 2021

The article considers the role of merchant libraries in the history of the city. The reviewed books open a new publishing series of the scientific library of Irkutsk University, dedicated to merchant libraries of Irkutsk. Its publications provide an opportunity to get familiar with the old book collections of Irkutsk residents, know more about the interest in books and reading in our city as well as the history of private libraries. The first book in the series, published in 2019, was dedicated to the book collection of the largest Irkutsk merchant, the philanthropist and bibliophile V.N. Basnin, whose estate was one of the largest cultural salons in Irkutsk in the first half of the 19th century. The book under review contains the most complete catalog of Basnin’s library, which he had been collecting for more than 40 years. It should be noted that he was not only a reader, but also quite a professional bibliographer, ordered by mail novelty books, making their systematization and description. The second book in the series is dedicated to other merchant libraries. Its compilers have done a lot of research work to find these publications, systematize them and identify their owners. The catalog presented by the Irkutsk State University library most fully reflects the merchants’ interest in printed publications. It includes 969 book titles, reflecting 1 194 editions with exlibrises, autographs and notes of their owners. Despite the purely bibliographic nature of the peer-reviewed publications, which are considered in the research, they are of interest to different groups of people. The author notes the importance of the books not only to library workers, but also to all the readers who are not indifferent to the history of cultural life in Irkutsk, as well as to the role of books and home libraries in personality development and formation of human abilities.
Criminological Aspect of Area Studies as a Trend in the Scientific Study of Crime
Authors: Inshakov Sergei
Published: November 2021

The author suggests reviving one of the traditional approaches to researching life in different regions — area studies — within the framework of criminology. Area studies are defined as a comprehensive study of the country, its territory, people and tribes that inhabit it, as well as specific features of its state system, social and political processes, institutions and other phenomena that could present interest for research. The correlation between area studies and regional studies is shown, and the prerequisites for the development of area studies as a source of practical information and a method of fundamental cognition of nature and society are described. The author studies key stages of the development of area studies as an independent discipline and as a field of research and analyzes its specific branches: military and criminological area studies, Oriental studies, etc. The criminological component of area studies played a significant role at the earliest stages of this discipline’s development. The author also describes the essence of criminological area studies, shows the significance of this field of research, delineates criminological area studies and such research fields as the geography of crime and the regional differences of criminal-criminogenic phenomenon. The difference between criminological area studies and comparativism as a method of criminological research is shown. It is proven that area studies are a prerequisite for the development of a new criminological paradigm. At the same time, criminological area studies are viewed as a productive method of understanding new regularities in the criminal sphere that opens up new knowledge frontiers for researchers. The author describes the advantages of studying different aspects of a country’s life as indicators of crimes in comparison with statistical analysis. Examples of identifying fundamental regularities of the criminal-criminogenic phenomenon based on area studies are presented. Considerable attention is paid to the comparative analysis of corruption in the People’s Republic of China, the Russian Federation and Ukraine. The author compares the objectivity of statistical data on the level of corruption and the area studies’ indicators of the degree to which a society is affected by corruption processes. Using the data of criminological area studies, the author argues for the civilization approach to researching deviant behavior and the criminal sphere as well as for identifying civilizational types of crime.
Risk-Oriented Justice
Authors: Babayev Mikhail
Published: November 2021

In the situation of growing uncertainty for the society of global risk, new management technologies based on the concept of risk management should penetrate all spheres of human activities, including the sphere of regulating legal relations and enforcement of law norms by courts. Risk-oriented justice is a new area for Russian jurisprudence, and the author aims to outline key approaches to analyzing the opportunities of using the concept of «risk» to optimize the process of adjudication. The author presents the scientific definition of risk, draws attention to the necessity of identifying, assessing risks, i.e., the possible dangers inevitably emerging in the criminal court activities. Risks are ranged depending on their source, and the necessity of differentiating the strategies of reacting to various risks is proven. The author defines the infrastructure of making a court decision in the conditions of risk, which includes the following: the existence and due normative regulation of the space for court risk; effective rules of adjudication; due information support of adjudication; clearly defined goals of risky court actions. It is shown that uncontrolled risks lead to wrong judgments, reduce the stability of sentences and create victims of unfair justice. The author suggests implementing the idea of risk-oriented justice based on the principles and techniques of risk management developed by the science of riskology, which minimize risks and their consequences.
Extrajudicial Forms of Protecting Rights and Freedoms of a Person in the Field of Criminal Law Relations: Conceptual Aspects and Improvement of State Response
Authors: Smirnov Alexander , Santashov Andrey
Published: November 2021

The article describes the conceptual basis for a new special research theory — extrajudicial forms of protecting rights and freedoms of a person in the field of criminal law relations. The authors introduce the concept of these forms and their system consisting of legal and non-legal forms of such protection. It is concluded that the reaction of the state to the implementation of legal extrajudicial forms of protecting rights and freedoms of a person in the field of criminal law relations should be improved with the purpose of ensuring greater justice when making decisions on criminal prosecution for the self-defense of the legal status of a person in the analyzed sphere of relations. The authors offer a number of suggestions on changes and amendments to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation that would improve the effectiveness of this reaction. On the other hand, non-legal forms of self-defense in the field of criminal law relations should be prevented. The authors present a list of factors determining the existence of these forms in the Russian society, some of which, due to certain circumstances both in the past and present period of the deve­lopment of Russian state and society, have an «excusable» character. These factors include both global (the spread of various discrimination practices, ideas of extremism and religious radicalism; the escalation of violence) and national factors (historical predetermination of state and public development; features of cultural development of the Russian society; specifics of the implementation of state policy and public administration activities; drawbacks of criminal law regulation of social processes and law enforcement activities; destructive practices of social relations; moral and psychological state of the society; influence of propaganda; defective educational and pedagogical influences, etc.). The authors also present a system of preventive measures aimed at eradicating non-legal forms of the analyzed extrajudicial protection. This system includes measures of developing a state reaction to crimes that would correspond to social expectations, ensuring a greater strictness of criminal law, unavoidability of prosecution, as well as measures of moral rehabilitation of the Russian society, raising the level of its legal conscience and culture. The authors suggest the introduction of a norm that establishes criminal liability for usurping the power of the court connected with the administration of justice.
The association between primary open-angle glaucoma and helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Mohammad Mehdi Raji
Published: November 2021

Background: Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) the most common form of glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease, which is the third most common cause of blindness worldwide. It is estimated that 60 million people in the world are affected by this disease and 8.4 million are bilaterally blind. Among the various factors that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of this disease is infection with Helicobacter pylori (HP), a Gram-negative bacterium that is commonly found in stomach and present in approximately one-half of the world’s population. Establishment of such a causal correlation will probably have important practical applications as the eradication of H. pylori might lead to developments in the treatment of glaucoma. Objectives: To investigate the association between Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and Helicobacter Pylori infection and to observe fluctuations in intra ocular pressure after Helicobacter Pylori infection eradication. Design: Duration based, prospective observational study. Participants: 50 patients with documented Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) as case group and 50 non-glaucoma participants as control group. Methods: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed to evaluate macroscopic abnormalities, and gastric mucosal biopsy specimens were obtained for the presence of H. pylori infection tested by Rapid Urease Test (RUT). All subjects underwent detailed ocular examinations including visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, fundoscopy, intra-ocular pressure recording, gonioscopy, GHT to assess visual fields and OCT of optic nerve head. Results: In 90% of POAG patients of case group and in 68% of non-glaucoma participants of control group Helicobacter pylori infection was detected by RUT (P-Value=0.007). Conclusion: H. pylori infection is more frequent in glaucoma patients, perhaps more so in those of Indian ethnicity. It may play a role as a secondary aggravating factor or even may be the primary cause. The establishment of such a causal relationship will probably have important practical applications as the eradication of H. pylori might lead to developments in the treatment of glaucoma.
Penetrating keratoplasty for the management of a severe idiopathic lipid keratopathy
Authors: Eirini Kaisari
Published: November 2021

An 83-year-old female presented with progressive bilateral lipid keratopathy (LK) during the last 12 years. There was no history of previous ocular disease or trauma. Slit lamp examination of the left eye revealed a diffuse LK obscuring the visual axis and a temporal epithelial papillomatous lesion with superficial neovascularization (Figure A), while Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) was 20/200 with eccentric fixation. An uneventful Penetrating Keratoplasty (PKP) combined with excision of the temporal lesion was performed.
Isolation of Nucleated Cells from Whole Blood v1
Authors: B. Wells Steven
Published: November 2021

This protocol describes a method for the isolation of pan-lymphocytes and pan-myeloid cells from human whole blood. By providing defined media formulations, volumes at each step, and a defined dilution factor for density centrifugation, it yields consistent single-cell suspensions across samples.
Preparation of Single Cell Suspension from Human Lung Tissue v1
Authors: B. Wells Steven
Published: November 2021

This protocol describes a method for the isolation of the immune cells, structural and epithelial cells, and progenitors from human lung sections of about two grams. By providing defined media formulations, volumes at each step, and a defined dilution factor for density centrifugation, it yields consistent single-cell suspensions across samples.
Spatial Transcriptomics Protocol v1
Authors: Eadon Michael , Melo Ferreira Ricardo , Cheng Ying-Hua , Ashkar Tarek
Published: November 2021

The tissue in OCT undergoes cryosectioning, affixment to the cDNA capture slide, H+E staining, 20x Keyence imaging, tissue permeabilization, RNA capture, and cDNA synthesis. Data is analyzed in Loupe browser and in R prior to uploading to the KPMP Data Lake.
Disclaimer Labels Used in Ads: An Eye-Tracking Study Exploring Body Dissatisfaction and Physical Appearance Comparison Among University Students
Authors: ATAR G. Motif , İSPİR Bilge , ŞENER Gülcan
Published: November 2021

The necessity of having a perfect beauty created with advertisements has negative impacts on young people.
Advertisements usually feature very slim models and their digitally altered, airbrushed and trimmed
photos. Ideal beauty is created by retouching and changing digitally existing images. People compare their
bodies to the perfect bodies in advertisements. Especially young women and men compare these perfect
bodies with their own bodies and experience dissatisfaction. This may lead to anxiety, depression and lack
of self-confidence in people who are not ideally sized.
Since ideal beauty influences the audience, the physical attractiveness of people starring in advertisements
is one of the subjects worth stressing. With an experimental design, the eye movements of young female
(40) and male (40) participants were recorded using the eye-tracking method. During this process,
participants saw advertisements with and without disclaimer labels. The male participants saw the print
advertisement which included the male model, and the female participants saw the print advertisement
which included the female model. At the end of the experiment, the Body Dissatisfaction Scale (BDS)
and the Physical Appearance Comparison Scale (PACS) were applied to the participants. The relationship between the participants’ levels of body dissatisfaction and physical appearance comparison and their focus
on Areas of Interest (AOI) in stimulated and non-stimulated advertising was revealed. The findings of the
study showed that body dissatisfaction is high among young people and the level of body dissatisfaction did
not affect more attention to any part of the model (body and face).