bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENT OF MATHEMATICAL ABILITIES OF PUBLIC STUDENTS WITH HOLISTIC PROGRAMS AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL QUALITY
Authors: Yulianto Rama Fatahillah
Published: April 2021

Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System is a concrete manifestation of Restorative Justice, which regulates diversion, in which Law Enforcement Officials are obliged to seek diversion for children. So far, the education provided by the government for Children in Conflict with the Law is only limited to formal education and moral formation education, no less important than that mathematical ability should also be a concern for the government with a low level of mastery of mathematics in Indonesia. The learning model that emphasizes comfort and pleasure for children is considered to be very effective in teaching math skills to children at LPKA. This study aims to identify a learning model that is in accordance with the characteristics of education in LPKA. So that it is hoped that children after being free can integrate with the community and have the same abilities as children who are outside the institution, as well as improve the self-concept possessed by children. The benefits of this study can provide input in formulating policies regarding the education system in LPKA.
Port in a Storm: Arriving at a Virtual Theatre Through the Pandemic of 2020
Authors: Roe Alex
Published: April 2021

This article recounts the transition of a New York City resident theatre from staging quarterly, live, in-person performances to broadcasting weekly, live-streamed, remote readings, a response to the closing of theatres during the 2020 pandemic. Part memoir, part instruction manual, part meditation, the article includes the artistic director's personal reflections on the journey, advice on virtual theatre production, and observations of core theatrical values revealed by the search for theatre's substitute. The article concludes by drawing lessons from the work of the Provincetown Players learned by confronting a social, medical, and cultural crisis 100 years later.
Triggering Presuppositions
Authors: Schlenker Philippe
Published: April 2021

While presuppositions are often thought to be lexically encoded, researchers have repeatedly argued for ‘triggering algorithms’ that productively classify certain entailments as presuppositions. We provide new evidence for this position and sketch a novel triggering rule. On the empirical side, we show that presuppositions are productively generated from iconic expressions (such as gestures) that one may not have seen before, which suggests that a triggering algorithm is indeed called for. Turning to normal words, we show that sometimes a presupposition p is triggered by a simple or complex expression that does not even entail p: it is only when contextual information guarantees that the entailment goes through that the presupposition emerges. On standard theories, this presupposition could not be hardwired, because if so it should make itself felt (by way of projection or accommodation) in all cases. Rather, a triggering algorithm seems to take as an input a contextual meaning, and to turn some contextual entailments into presuppositions. On the theoretical side, we propose that an entailment q (possibly a contextual one) of an expression qq’ is treated as a presupposition if q is an epistemic precondition of the global meaning, in the following sense: usually, when one learns that qq’ (e.g. x stops q-ing), one antecedently knows that q (e.g. x q-ed). Presuppositions thus arise from an attempt to ensure that information that is cognitively inert in general experience is also trivial relative to its linguistic environment. On various analyses, q is trivial in its linguistic environment just in case q is entailed by its local context; this provides a direct link between presupposition generation and presupposition projection. (An appendix discusses the relation between this proposal and an alternative one in terms of entailments that are in some sense counterfactually stable.)
Fruit production and quality of mini-watermelon with different number of stems, in troughs cultivation system and substrate reuse
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Dutra Josiéle Garcia , Peil Roberta Marins Nogueira ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Duarte Tatiana da Silva ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rombaldi Cesar Valmor ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Grolli Paulo Roberto ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pereira Aline Soares ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Dorneles Athos Odin Severo ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas
Published: April 2021

Substrate-filled pots are growing systems commonly used for vegetable farming. However, few are the studies available relating them to mini-watermelon cultivation. Our study presents a growing system using substrate-filled troughs and leachate recirculation as a low-cost and less environmentally harmful soilless cultivation system for mini-watermelons. For a growing system to be viable and provide high fruit yield and quality, several aspects must be studied, including substrate physical properties and reuse potential in successive crops, besides plant management-related aspects. Therefore, our goal was to evaluate the effects of a trough system and substrate reuse on changes in the properties of raw rice husk and on fruit yield and quality for mini-watermelons at different stem training. To this purpose, two trials were conducted using nutrient solution recirculation systems. In the first, we evaluated the effects of pot and trough systems. In the second, first- and second-use substrates were compared in the trough system. In both trials, one and two-stem training systems were analyzed. The results of the first trial show that the trough system had a greater positive impact on substrate water holding capacity (WHC), which increased from 7.9 to 15.6%, while the pots increased substrate WHC only to 11.2%. However, both systems neither affected fruit yield (8 kg/m² on average) nor fruit quality. The two-stem training promoted higher fruit yields (4.2 kg/plant) and contents of total soluble solids - TSS (11.4 °Brix) but did not affect average fruit weight. Moreover, the one-stem training provided higher fruit number (7.3 fruits/m²) and fruit yield (9.7 kg/m²). In the second trial, the reused substrate showed a higher WHC (12.4%) than the one used for the first time (9.9%). The reused substrate also provided better results in terms of fruit yield and quality (5.9 fruits/m², 5.3 kg/m², and 10.5o Brix). In the second trial, two-stem training also increased average fruit weight, and hence yields per plant. Nevertheless, the stem number did not affect fruit number per plant, fruit yield per square meter, and fruit quality.
Dissolved organic carbon and nitrate flows in two micro-watersheds with different land uses
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Santos Tulio Gonçalves dos , Amorim Ricardo Santos Silva ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Bocuti Edwaldo Dias ,   Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Weber Oscarlina Lúcia dos Santos ,   Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Nunes Letycia Cunha ,   Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso
Published: April 2021

he impacts of human activities on watersheds can change the quality and possible uses of water resources. In this context, we evaluated the flows of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate (NO3) in the surface waters of two micro-watersheds with different anthropic impacts. Water samples were collected from two micro-watersheds with different land uses (regenerated savanna and an agricultural site) from January 2014 to April 2015. In the rainy season, the samples were collected every 15 days, while in the dry season, samples were collected every 30 days. An automatic sampler in the stream collected the composed samples. Water flow was monitored with a sensor that measured the hydraulic load on the sill of the triangular spillway installed in each micro-watershed. The DOC and NO3 contents were analyze via UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The flow was estimated based on the DOC and NO3 flows and concentrations. The DOC concentrations were higher in the Cerrado micro-watershed; however, there was no difference in NO3 concentrations. In both watersheds, there was a significant increase in the concentrations of DOC and NO3 on rainy days, with was more pronounced in the agricultural watershed. The DOC and NO3 flows were higher in the micro-watershed with Cerrado vegetation on days with rain; while on days without rain, there was no difference.
Growth, photosynthetic pigments, and photochemical efficiency of sour passion fruit as a function of the cationic nature of water
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Paiva Francisco Jean da Silva , Lima Geovani Soares de ,   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Lima Vera Lúcia Antunes de ,   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Ramos Jailton Garcia ,   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Gheyi Hans Raj ,   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Farias Maria Sallydelândia de ,   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Fernandes Pedro Dantas ,   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Azevedo Carlos Alberto Vieira de ,   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande
Published: April 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth, photosynthetic pigments, and photochemical efficiency of sour passion fruit cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado irrigated with waters of different cationic natures. The experiment was carried out from March 2019 to January 2020 in a protected environment belonging to the Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. The treatments consisted of eight combinations of irrigation water with different cationic natures: S1 - Control; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Mg2+; S5 - Na+ + Ca2+; S6 - Na+ + Mg2+; S7 - Ca2+ + Mg2+, and S8 - Na+ + Ca2+ + Mg2+. Plants in the control treatment (S1) were irrigated using water with an electrical conductivity (ECw) of 0.4 dS m-1, while the other treatments (S2; S3; S4; S5; S6; S7; and S8) were subjected to an ECw of 3.5 dS m-1. Sour passion fruit growth was affected by variations in the level of electrical conductivity, regardless of the cationic nature of irrigation water. The use of salinized water with sodium favored the synthesis of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids of passion fruit plants at 180 days after transplanting. The distinct cationic natures of irrigation water did not influence the fluorescence variables of sour passion fruit.
Percepção dos professores sobre a política educacional na cidade do Rio de Janeiro – 2009/2016
Authors: Santos Jairo Campos dos , Oliveira Luiza Alves de
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho procura analisar uma nova política pública educacional implementada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2009 até 2016, caracterizada por uma gestão com foco no gerencialismo público. O objetivo principal foi identificar se, no período analisado, a política educacional deixou para a cidade um legado positivo, de acordo com a percepção dos profissionais (professores) que viveram essa política antes, durante e depois de sua implementação. Ficou evidente que esses professores não ficaram satisfeitos com a referida política. Com exceção de alguns aspectos tipicamente profissionais e um de âmbito nacional, ficou claro observar a insatisfação do grupo e, principalmente, a baixa aderência às ideias implementadas durante os oito anos em que a política esteve em prática.
O modelo de gestão esportiva da província de Barcelona a partir da ótica dos gestores esportivos municipais
Authors: Avila Marco Aúrelio , Donato Francesc Solanellas , Rosa Claudio D. , Vázquez Joshua Muñoz
Published: April 2021

Relevância: A gestão esportiva (GE) é essencial para a ampla oferta de atividades esportivas e de lazer. A província de Barcelona é uma referência mundial em GE mas pouco se sabe sobre o seu serviço de gestão municipal. Objetivo do estudo: No presente estudo, caracterizamos o serviço esportivo dos municípios da província de Barcelona com base na perspectiva dos gestores esportivos. Metodologia: Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 gestores esportivos de diferentes municípios da província de Barcelona e o seu conteúdo foi analisado com base em Bardin (2009). Resultados principais: Os dirigentes esportivos explicaram que o serviço esportivo se dá através de interações entre o Conselho Provincial de Barcelona, as entidades esportivas e a Generalitat da Catalunha (Secretaria Geral de esporte). Não existe um padrão na configuração das estruturas organizacionais adotadas pelos municípios para a prestação de serviços esportivos e os modelos de gestão mais comuns são direta, mista e indireta, respetivamente. A seleção de pessoas para trabalhar no serviço esportivo comumente ocorre por meio de concursos públicos e há ações de educação e treinamento. Existem programas e projetos com o objetivo de ampliar a participação em atividades físicas sendo as mulheres o público-alvo. Contribuições teóricas: Identificamos possíveis caminhos para avanços.
Sistema esportivo do Reino Unido: dinâmica, funcionamento e reflexões para o Brasil
Authors: Starepravo Fernando Augusto , Piggin Joe
Published: April 2021

Objetivo do estudo: Apresentar o sistema esportivo do Reino Unido, buscando explicar sua dinâmica, funcionamento e estabelecer algumas reflexões para pensar o sistema esportivo brasileiro.Metodologia: Este estudo utiliza a metodologia proposta por Scheerder, Willem e Claes (2017) e suas cinco questões chave para a compreensão da relação entre Estado e federações esportivas. Os dados foram coletados a partir de banco de dados oficiais, leis, estudos anteriores sobre sistemas esportivos, estatutos de federações esportivas e conselhos e websites de órgãos governamentais e federações esportivas, e analisados com base na análise de conteúdo.Originalidade/Relevância: Há uma lacuna a discussão da relação entre entidades governamentais e federações esportivas e estudos comparativos envolvendo o Brasil.Principais resultados: O sistema esportivo do Reino Unido baseia-se nos princípios de independência, parcerias e colaboração entre atores de todos os níveis. Todavia, há centralidade de poder em instituições intermediárias, como a UK Sport e a Sport England. Ao passo que o Sistema esportivo do Reino Unido mostra certo equilíbrio no tratamento do esporte de elite e do esporte de massa, no Brasil a ênfase recai sobre o esporte de elite.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: O trabalho utiliza o modelo metodológico de Scheerder, Willem e Claes (2017), dialogando-o com a realidade de dois diferentes paises, avançando na comparação entre eles tendo como pano de fundo o contexto da globalização.
Branding no esporte: apontamentos entre teoria x prática
Authors: Reis Rômulo Meira , Serpa Caio , DaCosta Lamartine Pereira , Telles Silvio De Cássio Costa
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é fazer apontamentos teóricos e metodológicos sobre o branding no esporte. Os objetivos específicos são: (i) Compreender nuances teóricas sobre branding no esporte; (ii) Verificar casos práticos de branding no esporte; (iii) Fazer análises dos casos práticos frente a literatura.Metodologia: Para atingir os objetivos propostos, utilizamos os métodos de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Catalogamos e classificamos as fontes em: a) Livros e periódicos; b) Relatórios e pesquisas de mercado; e c) Reportagens especializadas. Realizamos a leitura do material, separamos o conteúdo e organizamos cinco seções temáticas: Marcas esportivas (re)construídas; A marca esportiva como ativo; Elementos da marca; Personalidade e identidade da marca; Estratégias e táticas de gerenciamento de marcas esportivas.Originalidade/Relevância: Ao apresentar os conteúdos e o panorama deste artigo, buscamos contribuir para a elucidação do conceito de branding no esporte, que é pouco explorado pelas organizações esportivas brasileiras, e provocar a reflexão de estudantes, professores, pesquisadores e profissionais de mercado, incentivando-os a utilizá-lo em suas atividades.Principais Resultados: Branding no esporte é um conceito amplo que abrange aspectos como marca esportiva, nível de exposição, identidade, personalidade, posicionamento e comunicação. Enquadram-se nesse conceito tanto empresas que se associam ao esporte por compreenderem que tal relação pode promover ganhos de visibilidade, intensidade de relacionamento, retorno de vendas, como também marcas esportivas propriamente ditas.Contribuições Teóricas: O artigo apresenta apontamentos teóricos e exemplos práticos explícitos didaticamente para todos aqueles que tenham interesse em empregar o processo branding no esporte, seja no campo teórico ou no prático.
Obstacles to obtaining Informed Consent from the Perspective of Transplant Coordinators: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Shamsaeefar Alireza , Motazedian Nasrin , Rahmanian Fatemeh , Nikeghbalian Saman , Malek-Hosseini Seyed Ali
Published: April 2021

Background: The lack of consent to donate body organs leads to an increase in the death rate of patients on the waiting list for transplantation. Unwillingness of families is known as the main obstacle to organ donation, and the media has an essential role in motivating organ donation. Objectives: This study aimed to explore obstacles to obtaining consent for organ donation from transplant coordinators’ perspective throughout Iran. Methods: In this qualitative study, 13 in-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with transplant coordinators from November 2018 to March 2019. The participants were investigated using a purposive sampling method. The participants’ age and work experience ranged between 32 - 49 years and 6 - 25 years, respectively. Open-ended questions were asked from the participants in a private room. An experienced interviewer explained the study’s objectives to the coordinators, and each interview lasted on average 50 minutes. The interview scripts were analyzed using a content analysis method. Results: The findings highlighted the difficulty of obtaining consent from brain-dead patients’ families. The obstacles could be internal or external. External determinants were healthcare providers’ lack of empathy, inadequate consultation from doctors outside the hospital, media content, and uninformed comments from relatives. Internal determinants were hoping for recovery, denial, and disagreement among family members. Conclusions: The healthcare team should have a better connection with families to obtain organ donation consent from them. Therefore, a training program must be developed for the treatment team so that they show more supportive behavior and improve quality of care in hospitals before and after brain death.
Self-Medication with Over-the-Counter and Prescription Drugs and Illness Behavior in Nigerian Artisans
Authors: Akinnawo Ebenezer Olutope , Onisile Deborah Foluke , Alakija Oluseyi Abiodun , Akpunne Bede Chinonye
Published: April 2021

Background: Self-medication (SM), the use of drugs by individuals to treat self-recognized illnesses or symptoms is one of the major health problems. Objectives: The study assessed the patterns and links between SM and illness behavior in Nigerian artisans. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, a multistage sampling procedure was employed to select 186 participants (age range = 15 - 61 years; mean = 31.5) in the Ede community of Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria. The artisans (beauticians, autoworkers, and house building construction workers) responded to the self-medication test (SMT) and Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ). Frequency counts were employed to analyze the participants' demographic characteristics, while linear regression analysis was used to answer the research question. Results: The findings from this study revealed a 47.8% prevalence of SM, ranging from 14.2% of antibiotics SM to 51.1% of alternative medicine SM. SM was observed to independently and significantly predict disease conviction (R2 = 0.030, P = 0.018), psychological/somatic perception (R2 = 0.034, P = 0.012), general illness reaction (R2 = 0.064, P = 0.000), and general illness behavior (R2 = 0.028, P = 0.023) of the participants. Conclusions: Our findings revealed the need for an increase in public enlightenment, awareness, and sensitization among artisans on ills of SM. Also, we recommend psycho-education among this vulnerable group.
Effect of Cool Dialysate on Depression in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Treated with Hemodialysis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Farhadi Maryam , Mirhosseini Zahra , Rastaghi Sedigheh , Rad Mostafa
Published: April 2021

Background: Depression is one of the most common psychiatric problems in hemodialysis patients. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cool dialysate on depression in patients with chronic renal failure treated with hemodialysis. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 66 hemodialysis patients suffering from depression. Patients were selected by a convenience sampling method and divided equally into intervention and control groups randomly by permuted block allocation, each group containing 33 patients. Data were acquired with the Beck Depression inventory-I. The intervention and control groups underwent one month of treatment with cool dialysate at 35.5 and 37°C, respectively. The severity of depression for each group was measured at the end of each treatment stage and two weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed using R version 25 software with a confidence level of 95%. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the control and intervention groups before and after the intervention (P-values more than 0.05). While the mean of depression severity for the control group decreased from 26.15 ± 1.46 to 22.24 ± 2.00 (P-values < 0.01), the mean of depression severity for the intervention group decreased from 25.56 ± 1.28 to 22.41 ± 1.65 by the intervention (P-value > 0.05). Conclusions: The application of cool dialysate as a non-pharmacological method did not significantly reduce the severity of depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Therefore, it is advised to perform further studies that include more research units from different geographical locations, considering a longer intervening duration.
Cellulose nanocrystals induce a dose-dependent effect on cytotoxicity and proliferative activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Vasiljević Miloš , Tomić Sergej , Bekić Marina , Joksimović Bojan , Vučević Dragana , Čolić Miodrag
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as attractive natural materials, have numerous applications in the biomedical field. Their unique biomechanical characteristics, surface chemistry, low cost and sustainable nature make them an engaging alternative to conventional materials and potentiate their use as progressive material. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate the cytocompatibility and immunomodulatory properties of nCNCs, which have not been completely explored. The objective of this study was to examine a dose-dependent effect of native (n)CNCs on cytotoxicity and proliferative activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) in vitro. Methods. PBMNCs, obtained from the healthy blood donors, were cultivated with nCNCs. Cell viability was analyzed by flow cytometry assay, while proliferative activity was determined by MTT, [3H]-thymidine uptake assay and detection of IL-2 production. Results. The cytotoxicity results suggested that no concentration of nCNCs (50-400 mg/ml) affected necrosis of PBMNCs, whereas apoptosis was induced by the highest concentration of nCNCs compared to control (p<0.05). Unexpectedly, the highest concentration of nCNCs increased the metabolic activity of PHA-stimulated cells compared to control (p<0.05). In contrast to these findings, lower concentrations of nCNCs (50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml) stimulated proliferation of PBMNCs (p<0.05 and p<0.001). It was followed by increased production of IL-2 (100 mg/ml) (p<0.001). Conclusion. The results suggest that non-cytotoxic concentrations of nCNCs modulate the proliferative activity of human PBMNCs, a phenomenon which has not been published up to now and which is relevant for further studies.
Déjà vu phenomenon as symptom of temporal lobe epilepsy in eight-year-old girl: A case report
Authors: Popović Goran , Mirković Ranka
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Deja vu (franc. Déjà vu) is a phenomenon experienced by two thirds of all people. However, this phenomenon can follow aura during the temporal lobe epilepsy. It is believed that it originates from hippocampus, which plays a major role in generating epileptic discharges. Some authors emphasize that in these patients déjà vu phenomenon is not an aura but rather it sometimes refers to the attack itself. Method. In this case report, an eightyear-old girl suffering from repeated crisis of consciousness is described. Case report. The aim of the study was to present the case of an eightyearold girl who underwent three crisis of consciousness, headache behind the forehead as well as the repeated déjà vu phenomenon. The girl was hospitalized, after which medical history was taken and physical examination, as well as other diagnostic tests, were performed. EEG recording revealed an increased electrocortical epileptic activity above the right frontotemporal region. An antiepileptic therapy (Karbapin) leading to attack control was introduced. Conclusion. It is necessary to give temporal lobe epilepsy in children with déjà vu phenomenon serious consideration.
Enseñar historia en tiempos de pandemia: un estudio de caso en una escuela chilena
Authors: Marolla Gajardo Jesús , Salazar Marta María , Maya Alexandro
Published: April 2021

The carried out research aims to identify and understand the main advantages and challenges for history and social sciences teaching in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, this study recognizes the work spaces that allow teachers to develop historical empathy and the teaching of participatory citizenship through this new school context. This is done through a case study of a group of teachers who belong to an educational centre in the Metropolitan Region of Chile; we have been able to collect the perceptions, emotions, feelings and views of history and social sciences teachers on how they develop their educational practice in a setting of pandemic. The methodology followed is of qualitative nature under a case study design. The results stand out concerning the interrelation that is generated. On the one hand, it interrelates in the complexity that teaching during the pandemic implies with the context of inequalities that the school faces highlighting the efforts of educational innovation to generate significant learning for and the students. Amongst the main conclusions there are the efforts made by teachers to generate educational innovation in the complex context of the pandemic, where the school and all the social problems that arise are inserted. Teachers have found the spaces and raised new perspectives of teaching that promote historical empathy and education for citizenship in students.
What the Shipbuilding Future Holds in Terms of CAD/CAM/CIM Systems
Authors: Fernandez Rodrigo Perez
Published: April 2021

We are living a continuous and fast technology evolution, maybe this evolution goes faster than our capacity to assimilate what we can do with it, but the potential is clear and the future will be for those who identifies the right technology with the right application. In the information era, we are literally swimming in an ocean of structured and not structured data and thanks to the evolution in the Telecommunications technologies, all that information can be used from everywhere. However, information means nothing without the capability to analyze, extract conclusions and learn from it, which is way the technologies like treatment of Big Data and the Artificial Intelligence are crucial.

Imagine how these technologies shall allow engaging the design of a part or any concept by applying rules, which will facilitate the design significantly, how the integration of the validation of the structural models by the Classification Societies will be linked directly by cloud applications. Imagine all the benefits of this two simple examples that can be implemented thanks to the potential of these technologies.

The way we work with shipbuilding CAD tools is also changing thanks to the ubiquitous access to the information and the different hardware available to explode that information: AR, VR, MR, Smartphones, tablets, etc.

Nevertheless, not only the way we work, but also the way we interact with shipbuilding CAD tools is changing, with technologies like natural language processes that allows having a direct conversation with the applications.

The concepts that are absolutely clear from now to the future in shipbuilding is the use of Data Centric model and the concept of Digital Twin, a real and effective synchronization between what we design, what we construct, by covering the complete life cycle of the product thanks to technologies like IoT and RFID.

This paper tries to explain the importance to understand how the new generations of naval architects and marine engineers are immersed in a technological world in constant and rapid evolution. The way they interacts with this ecosystem will determine the way we should define the new rules of the shipbuilding CAD systems.
Examination of Sensitization on 5xxx Series Aluminum Alloy Sheets from Structural Parts of Hellenic Navy High-Speed Craft
Authors: Galoni Myrto K. , Gougoulidis George , Pantelis Dimitrios , Papaefthymiou Spyors
Published: April 2021

Al - Mg alloys are extensively used as structural materials in marine applications. Sensitization has emerged as a severe concern during the operation of aluminum vessels, due to the consequent high susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion - IGC. Herein, a detailed study of sensitization on naturally sensitized, field retrieved, Al-Mg alloy samples, is presented. Specifically, samples from four Hellenic Navy - HN high speed vessels were tested according to ASTM G67 in order to quantify their Degree of Sensitization - DoS and qualified, in terms of grain boundaries (GBs) coverage with β phase with microstructural observation using Scanning Electron Microscopy - SEM and light optical microscopy. Consequently, the correlation of DoS value to the external factors that affect it becomes possible. Remarkably, material under investigation has significantly diverse chemical composition, compared to common marine grade aluminum alloys. Ultimately, correlation of Stress Corrosion Cracking behavior with the microstructure is discussed.
Recensão: Resonance. A Sociology of Our Relationship to the World [Hartmut Rosa, 2019, Cambridge, Polity Press]
Authors: Oliveira Nuno
Published: April 2021

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The role of oxytocin in delay of gratification and flexibility in non-social decision making
Authors: Kapetaniou Georgia Eleni , Reinhard Matthias A , Christian Patricia , Jobst Andrea , Tobler Philippe N , Padberg Frank , Soutschek Alexander
Published: April 2021

Oxytocin is well-known for its impact on social cognition. This specificity for the social domain, however, has been challenged by findings suggesting a domain-general allostatic function for oxytocin by promoting future-oriented and flexible behavior. In this pre-registered study, we tested the hypothesized domain-general function of oxytocin by assessing the impact of intranasal oxytocin (24 IU) on core aspects of human social (inequity aversion) and non-social decision making (delay of gratification and cognitive flexibility) in 49 healthy volunteers (within-subject design). In intertemporal choice, patience was higher under oxytocin than under placebo, although this difference was evident only when restricting the analysis to the first experimental session (between-group comparison) due to carry-over effects. Further, oxytocin increased cognitive flexibility in reversal learning as well as generosity under conditions of advantageous but not disadvantageous inequity. Our findings show that oxytocin affects both social and non-social decision making, supporting theoretical accounts of domain-general functions of oxytocin.
miR-155-5p upregulation ameliorates myocardial insulin resistance via mTOR signaling in chronic alcohol drinking rats
Authors: Li Zhaoping , Hu Zhenzhen , Meng Yan , Xu Hongzhao , Wei Yali , Shen Deqiang , Bai Hao , Yuan Huacai , Chen Liyong
Published: April 2021

Background

Chronic alcohol intake is associated with an increased risk of alcoholic cardiomyopathy, which may present with pathological changes such as myocardial insulin resistance, leading to ventricular dilation and cardiac dysfunction. Although a correlation between microRNA-155 (miR-155) and insulin signaling has been identified, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated to date. The purpose of the study was to determine whether overexpression of miR-155-5p in vivo could ameliorate chronic alcohol-induced myocardial insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction.

Material and Methods

Wistar rats were fed with either alcohol or water for 20 weeks to establish chronic alcohol intakes model. Then the alcohol group were divided into three groups: model group, miRNA-155 group and AAV-NC group. Rats undergoing alcohol treatment were injected with AAV-miRNA-155 (adeno-associated virus 9) or its negative control AAV-NC, respectively. Gene expression was determined by real-time PCR, and protein expression was determined by western blot. Echocardiography was performed to assess terminal cardiac function. Insulin responsiveness was determined through the quantification of phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (ser 307) and phosphorylated insulin receptor (Tyr 1185) levels.

Results

We found that cardiac function was attenuated in chronic alcohol intake rats, with an activated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, accompanied by an increase in p-IRS1(ser 307) and a decrease in p-IR (Tyr 1185) level in myocardial tissue. Also, alcohol drinking significantly up-regulated miR-155-5p level and its overexpression decreased p-IRS1 (ser 307) and increased p-IR (Tyr 1185) levels, and meanwhile inhibited the mTOR signaling pathway.

Conclusion

miR-155-5p upregulation ameliorates myocardial insulin resistance via the mTOR signaling in chronic alcohol drinking rats. We propose that miR-155 may serve as a novel potential therapeutic target for alcoholic heart disease.
Multi-schema computational prediction of the comprehensive SARS-CoV-2 vs. human interactome
Authors: Dick Kevin , Chopra Anand , Biggar Kyle K. , Green James R.
Published: April 2021

Background

Understanding the disease pathogenesis of the novel coronavirus, denoted SARS-CoV-2, is critical to the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics. The global propagation of the viral disease, denoted COVID-19 (“coronavirus disease 2019”), has unified the scientific community in searching for possible inhibitory small molecules or polypeptides. A holistic understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 vs. human inter-species interactome promises to identify putative protein-protein interactions (PPI) that may be considered targets for the development of inhibitory therapeutics.

Methods

We leverage two state-of-the-art, sequence-based PPI predictors (PIPE4 & SPRINT) capable of generating the comprehensive SARS-CoV-2 vs. human interactome, comprising approximately 285,000 pairwise predictions. Three prediction schemas (all, proximal, RP-PPI) are leveraged to obtain our highest-confidence subset of PPIs and human proteins predicted to interact with each of the 14 SARS-CoV-2 proteins considered in this study. Notably, the use of the Reciprocal Perspective (RP) framework demonstrates improved predictive performance in multiple cross-validation experiments.

Results

The all schema identified 279 high-confidence putative interactions involving 225 human proteins, the proximal schema identified 129 high-confidence putative interactions involving 126 human proteins, and the RP-PPI schema identified 539 high-confidence putative interactions involving 494 human proteins. The intersection of the three sets of predictions comprise the seven highest-confidence PPIs. Notably, the Spike-ACE2 interaction was the highest ranked for both the PIPE4 and SPRINT predictors with the all and proximal schemas, corroborating existing evidence for this PPI. Several other predicted PPIs are biologically relevant within the context of the original SARS-CoV virus. Furthermore, the PIPE-Sites algorithm was used to identify the putative subsequence that might mediate each interaction and thereby inform the design of inhibitory polypeptides intended to disrupt the corresponding host-pathogen interactions.

Conclusion

We publicly released the comprehensive sets of PPI predictions and their corresponding PIPE-Sites landscapes in the following DataVerse repository: https://www.doi.org/10.5683/SP2/JZ77XA. The information provided represents theoretical modeling only and caution should be exercised in its use. It is intended as a resource for the scientific community at large in furthering our understanding of SARS-CoV-2.
Mental health service use and its associated factors among nurses in China: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Tian Yusheng , Yue Yuchen , Liao Xiaoli , Wang Jianjian , Ye Man , Liu Yiting , Li Yamin , Zhou Jiansong
Published: April 2021

Background

To facilitate mental health service planning for nurses, data on the patterns of mental health service use (MHSU) among nurses are needed. However, MHSU among Chinese nurses has seldom been studied. Our study aimed to explore the rate of MHSU among Chinese nurses and to identify the factors associated with MHSU.

Methods

A self-designed anonymous questionnaire was used in this study. MHSU was assessed by the question, “Have you ever used any kind of mental health services, such as mental health outpatient services or psychotherapies, when you felt that your health was suffering due to stress, insomnia, or other reasons?” The answer to the question was binary (yes or no). Sleep quality, burnout, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index , the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire, respectively. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were used for univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

A total of 10.94% (301/2750) of the nurses reported MHSU. 10.25% (282/2750) of the nurses had poor sleep quality, burnout and depressive symptoms, and only 26.95% of these nurses reported MHSU. Very poor sleep quality (OR 9.36, 95% CI [5.38-16.29]), mid-level professional title (OR 1.48, 95% CI [1.13-1.93]) and depressive symptoms (OR 1.66, 95% CI [1.28-2.13]) were independent factors associated with MHSU.

Conclusions

Most of the nurses have experienced burnout, poor sleep quality or depressive symptoms and the MHSU rate among them was low. Interventions to improve the mental health of nurses and to promote the use of mental health services are needed.
Honey bees communicate distance via non-linear waggle duration functions
Authors: Kohl Patrick L. , Rutschmann Benjamin
Published: April 2021

Honey bees (genusApis) can communicate the approximate location of a resource to their nestmates via the waggle dance. The distance to a goal is encoded by the duration of the waggle phase of the dance, but the precise shape of this distance-duration relationship is ambiguous: earlier studies (before the 1990s) proposed that it is non-linear, with the increase in waggle duration flattening with distance, while more recent studies suggested that it follows a simple linear function (i.e. a straight line). Strikingly, authors of earlier studies trained bees to much longer distances than authors of more recent studies, but unfortunately they usually measured the duration of dance circuits (waggle phase plus return phase of the dance), which is only a correlate of the bees’ distance signal. We trained honey bees (A. mellifera carnica) to visit sugar feeders over a relatively long array of distances between 0.1 and 1.7 km from the hive and measured the duration of both the waggle phase and the return phase of their dances from video recordings. The distance-related increase in waggle duration was better described by a non-linear model with a decreasing slope than by a simple linear model. The relationship was equally well captured by a model with two linear segments separated at a “break-point” at 1 km distance. In turn, the relationship between return phase duration and distance was sufficiently well described by a simple linear model. The data suggest that honey bees process flight distance differently before and beyond a certain threshold distance. While the physiological and evolutionary causes of this behavior remain to be explored, our results can be applied to improve the estimation of honey bee foraging distances based on the decoding of waggle dances.
Construction and validation of an RNA-binding protein-associated prognostic model for colorectal cancer
Authors: Miao Yandong , Zhang Hongling , Su Bin , Wang Jiangtao , Quan Wuxia , Li Qiutian , Mi Denghai
Published: April 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and fatal malignancies, and novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC must be identified. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are essential modulators of transcription and translation. They are frequently dysregulated in various cancers and are related to tumorigenesis and development. The mechanisms by which RBPs regulate CRC progression are poorly understood and no clinical prognostic model using RBPs has been reported in CRC. We sought to identify the hub prognosis-related RBPs and to construct a prognostic model for clinical use. mRNA sequencing and clinical data for CRC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). Gene expression profiles were analyzed to identify differentially expressed RBPs using R and Perl software. Hub RBPs were filtered out using univariate Cox and multivariate Cox regression analysis. We used functional enrichment analysis, including Gene Ontology and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, to perform the function and mechanisms of the identified RBPs. The nomogram predicted overall survival (OS). Calibration curves were used to evaluate the consistency between the predicted and actual survival rate, the consistency index (c-index) was calculated, and the prognostic effect of the model was evaluated. Finally, we identified 178 differently expressed RBPs, including 121 up-regulated and 57 down-regulated proteins. Our prognostic model was based on nine RBPs (PNLDC1, RRS1, HEXIM1, PPARGC1A, PPARGC1B, BRCA1, CELF4, AEN and NOVA1). Survival analysis showed that patients in the high-risk subgroup had a worse OS than those in the low-risk subgroup. The area under the curve value of the receiver operating characteristic curve of the prognostic model is 0.712 in the TCGA cohort and 0.638 in the GEO cohort. These results show that the model has a moderate diagnostic ability. The c-index of the nomogram is 0.77 in the TCGA cohort and 0.73 in the GEO cohort. We showed that the risk score is an independent prognostic biomarker and that some RBPs may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC.
Validity and reliability of Veloflex to measure active cervical range of motion in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects
Authors: Cánovas-Ambit Germán , García-Vidal José A. , Martín-San Agustín Rodrigo , Dalla-Vecchia Aurelio Arenas , Sánchez-Barbadora Mariana , Medina-Mirapeix Francesc
Published: April 2021

Background

Neck pain has a high annual incidence and decreases the cervical active range of motion (ROM). Clinicians use various methods to evaluate cervical range of motion (CROM) that some of them have also been proposed to give instant feedback. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of Veloflex (VF) to measure the CROM by comparison with the cervical range of motion (CROM) device, and to examine their test-retest reliability.

Methods

Thirty-eight healthy and 20 symptomatic participants were evaluated. Cervical flexion-extension, side bending, and rotations were tested in two sessions, first by the CROM and VF and in the second only with the VF. To evaluate the concurrent validity and agreement between CROM and VF, Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and Bland–Altmann plots were used. Reliability were evaluated using intra-class correlation (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC).

Results

CROM and VF showed excellent correlation for all movements (r > 0.960). Both devices provided small mean ‘bias’ (≤1.29%) in all movements regarding CROM measures. The intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the VF was excellent (ICC > 0.98). SEMs ranging from 0.72% to 2.38% and the MDC ranging from 1.22° to 2.60° in all participants. The results support the validity and reliability of VF to measure CROM. For its use, with a basic training is enough to get reliable measurements.
Risk Factors of Diabetic Nephropathy Development in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Cross-sectional Retrospective Study
Authors: Khiewkhern Santisith , Yoosook Witaya , Thongkum Wisit , Srichompoo Chitkamon , Thitisutti Sawan
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious long-term complications of patients with type 2 diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage kidney failure. Early detection and risk reduction measures can prevent DN. However, data showing the survival time and factors associated with DN development among Thai patients with type 2 diabetes is currently not available. Aim: This study aims to explore the survival time and examine the risk factors associated with the development of DN among Thai patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted during 1st January, 2002 to 3rd December, 2017 to performed and to explore the survival time and examine the risk factors associated with the development of DN among 1,540 patients with type 2 diabetes who received treatment at the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) clinic in Mahachanachai Hospital, Yasothon Province, Thailand. Data was collected from the Hospital Experience (HOSxP) program and medical records from 2002 to 2017. Kaplan-Meier and Cox’s regressions were used for data analysis. Results: From those 15 years, out of 1,540 cases 306 eligible patients with type 2 DM were selected for survival analysis. The results showed that 274 patients met the criteria for DN (89.50%) and 32 patients (10.50%) did not meet the criteria for DN. The median of DN survival time was five years. Multivariate Cox’s regression analysis confirmed that systolic blood pressure had a statistically significant association with the development of DN among hospitalised type 2 diabetic patients. Conclusion: Duration of Diabetes and Systolic blood pressure are associated with the development of DN. The application of future prevention and control measures are highly recommended to control systolic blood pressure for DN protection.