bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A REVIEW: AZADIRACHTA INDICA AS ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY
Authors: Baghel Shalu , Singh Charanjeet
Published: November 2019

Antihyperlipidemic agents having various pharmacological actions are being tested clinically3. Elevated lipid levels result from increased absorption through the gut or enhanced endogenous synthesis and therefore two ways are feasible to reduce hyperlipidemia; to block endogenous synthesis or to decrease absorption. Whole plant of Azadirachta indica gives the Antihyperlipidemic activity. Several genetic conditions are known to responsible for primary Hyperlipidemia, such as lipoprotein lipase deficiency, apolipoprotein C-II deficiency etc. In our study we choose cholesterol diet which contains the common ingredients in our daily food. Cholesterol feeding has been often used to elevate serum or tissue cholesterol levels to assess the hypercholesterolemia- related metabolic disturbances in animals. Cholesterol feeding alone however does not affect the serum TG level.

Keywords: Azadirachta indica, antihyperlipidemic, antiatherosclerotic activities, Maceration.
EFEKTIVITAS STRATEGI BAURAN PEMASARAN TERHADAP DAYA SAING PRODUK BONEKA
Authors: TIRIS SUDRARTONO
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Marketing Mix Strategy on Product Competitiveness. In this research, the results show that the Product Strategy, Price Strategy, Distribution Strategy and Promotion Strategy if implemented well, the Product Competitiveness will experience a significant increase. The resulting product model must be in accordance with market desires, the product brand must be easily read and remembered by consumers, the size of the product is made standard by including on the Production Brand, Providing raw materials that are always available at competitive prices and quality and Choosing the right media in product promotion so the strategy used can be more effective in increasing product competitiveness.
Peningkatan Mutu Fisiologis Benih Padi Lokal Jambi melalui Invigorasi
Authors: Primilestari Suci , Salvia Eva , Perdani Ambar Yuswi
Published: November 2019

Kemunduran benih merupakan suatu peristiwa yang pasti terjadi. Penanaman padi lokal oleh petani umumnya menggunakan benih yang berasal dari sisa hasil panen sebelumnya dan telah melewati tahap penyimpanan sebelum ditanam kembali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui materi invigorasi hydropriming yang optimal dalam meningkatkan mutu fisiologis beberapa varietas padi lokal Jambi. Perlakuan diterapkan pada rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor 1 adalah varietas padi: Padi karya, Kuning Betung, Kuning Kerinci dan Gadis Jambi. Faktor 2 adalah invigorasi yang terdiri atas: kontrol (aquadest), larutan bawang merah dan larutan air kelapa muda. Sebanyak 30 butir benih untuk setiap satuan percobaan direndam selama 24 jam. Benih ditanam pada media kertas saring lembab dengan metode uji di atas kertas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada interaksi nyata antara varietas dan invigorasi terhadap perkecambahan benih padi lokal yang diuji. Perlakuan invigorasi menggunakan air kelapa nyata berpengaruh pada panjang akar, panjang plumula, panjang kecambah normal dan indeks vigor padi lokal. Varietas Kuning Betung memberikan tanggapan terbaik terhadap invigorasi. Perlakuan invigorasi merupakan upaya untuk memperbaiki performa benih sehingga mengurangi resiko kegagalan di lapangan, diharapkan berimplikasi terhadap peningkatan produksi padi.
土木工程施工中裂缝处理方法研究
Authors: 王 强健
Published: November 2019

在土木工程施工中裂缝问题的发生十分的频繁，经过大量的信息数据分析我们发现，造成土木工程施工裂缝问题的重要根源是施工物料的质量问题，所以要想从根本上对土木工程施工质量加以保证，确保施工质量能够达到相关行政机构制定的标准，最为关键的是要针对施工物料的质量加以管控。其次，要提升一线施工人员的专业培训力度，增强后期混凝土结构的维保工作，推动施工单位健康稳定发展。
浅析土木工程施工项目管理的实践与规划
Authors: 郭 亮
Published: November 2019

土木工程施工项目管理是土木工程施工中的重要组成部分，尤其是在目前的市场环境下，优良的土木工程施工项目管理不仅能够有效的保证土木工程的施工质量，更有利于提高企业的和核心竞争力，有利于企业的长远发展。
建筑工程绿色施工技术的现场实施及管理
Authors: 唐 伟 , 段 连法 , 李 思齐
Published: November 2019

在社会快速发展的影响下，使得民众的思想意识发生了翻天覆地的变化，人们对绿色工程施工工作质量和效果越发的重视。建筑工程绿色施工最为突出的特征是具有较强的系统性，绿色施工过程包括多个层面的工作，诸如：现场勘查，施工计划制定，物料和施工机械的准备，施工管理，工程完工验收等等。绿色施工技术与以往陈旧的施工模式存在本质的区别，在实际运用绿色施工技术的时候，要在保证施工质量的基础上，尽可能的缩减施工成本。
砂浆锚杆腐蚀介质扩散模型及拉拔数值试验研究
Authors: 段 光韬
Published: November 2019

目前对地面建筑结构的耐久性研究已经取得丰硕成果，而地面结构在受力状态和工作环境，与地下锚固系统均存在较大的差别。于是前人的研究成果不能直接适用于岩土锚固结构工程，文中以众多物理试验资料为研究基础，研究了地下环境中腐蚀介质在砂浆锚固体内部非对称扩散结果，发现腐蚀介质一般沿径向传播，沿横向传播较少；并在此基础上修正了腐蚀介质扩散模型。其次验证了砂浆锚杆在只受到拉拔力作用下的物理拉拔试验[6]，发现有限元计算中，锚固体长度越长，越能反应实际工作中的界面粘结力的分布情况。最后通过有限元优化—反分析方法反演出了有限元模型接触面参数法向刚度因子FKN和界面摩擦系数MU，并拟合出了它们与腐蚀时间的关系公式。
测绘新技术在地质工程勘察中的运用
Authors: 张 志生
Published: November 2019

在社会快速发展的影响下，使得大量的新型科学技术被研发出来，并被人们大范围的运用到了各个领域之中，取得了显著的成绩。所有的建筑工程正式开始施工之前，都需要进行勘察工作，岩土工程勘察工作是需要工程地质测绘技术加以辅助的，工程地质测绘工作其实质是在多个方面信息资料的基础上，对地质工程实际情况进行综合评估，更加直观的将地质情况加以呈现。在针对地质工程实施测绘工作的时候，需要利用到大量的不同类型的测绘技术，而以往传统的测绘技术很显然已经不能满足现如今地质工程测绘工作的需要的，大量的新型测绘技术越发的受到了人们的青睐，并且在促进工程测量质量不断提升方面表现出了积极的影响作用。
电力基建工程创优管理的主要措施
Authors: 余 建华
Published: November 2019

在社会经济快速发展的推动下，使得我国各个行业得到了显著的进步，所以对电力能源的需求量在不断的增加。这篇文章主要围绕电力基建工程管理工作的主要措施展开全面的分析研究，并针对性的提出了优化的管理工作的建议。
Bioecology of the tea thrips, Scirtothrips bispinosus Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) infesting tea in south India
Authors: Mahendran P. , Radhakrishnan B.
Published: November 2019

Investigations were carried out on the life history and seasonal abundance of the thrips, Scirtothrips bispinosus infesting tea at Coonoor, The Nilgiris, Tamilnadu. The total developmental duration of females from egg to adult stage was 18.15Â±0.23, 12.55Â±0.15 and 10.30Â±0.23 days at 20, 25 and 30oC respectively. The net reproductive rate (Ro), mean generation time (Tc), intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), finite rate of increase (Ã«) and weekly multiplication (Wm) rates were high at 25oC followed by 30oC and 20oC. Multiple regression analysis revealed that population density of S. bispinosus showed a negative relationship with rainfall (-0.266), maximum temperature (-38.839) and maximum relative humidity (-3.356) and positive relationship with minimum temperature (63.205), minimum relative humidity (1.686) and sunshine period (2.887). Incidence of thrips was high in the fields recovering from pruning followed by second, third and fourth year in a pruning cycle. The number of thrips per shoot was significantly higher on the plucking table when compared to the shoots present below the plucking table and side branches. In the tea plantations of South India, four species of predatory mites (Amblyseius cucumeris, A. fallacies, A. degenerans and Balaustium sp.), two species of predatory thrips (Franklinothrips vespiformis and Leptothrips mali), an anthocorid predator (Orius sp.) and one parasitoid (Trichogramma sp.) were found feeding and parasitizing on tea thrips, S. bispinosus.
Efficacy and biosafety of new generation insecticides for the management of Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in brinjal and Earias vitella Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in okra
Authors: Vijayasree V. , Bai Hebsy
Published: November 2019

The field trials were conducted at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani to determine the efficacy of eight new generation insecticides viz., emamectin benzoate 5SG @10 g a.i. ha-1, spinosad 45 SC @ 75 g a.i. ha-1, novaluron 10 EC @ 100 g a.i.ha-1, chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 30 g a.i. ha-1, indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 60 g a.i. ha-1, fipronil 80 WG @ 50 g a.i. ha-1, thiodicarb 75 WP@ 750 g a.i. ha-1 and flubendiamide 480 SC@ 100 g a.i. ha-1 against fruit borers of brinjal and okra. Two conventional insecticides (carbaryl 50 WP @ 750 g a.i. ha-1 and malathion 50 EC @ 500 g a.i. ha-1) and an untreated control were maintained as check. Damages to brinjal and okra fruits were reduced by 45.96 to 72.21 per cent and 44.34 to 83.26 per cent, espectively by these new generation insecticides. Chlorantraniliprole, indoxacarb, emamectin benzoate and flubendiamide recorded more than 60 per cent reduction in fruit damage in brinjal, and chlorantraniliprole, flubendiamide and indoxacarb with more than 70 per cent reduction in fruit damage in okra were superior. The yield was also significantly high in these treatments in the two crops. All the insecticides were compatible with Beauveria bassiana (Blas.) Vuill, and Metarhizhium anisopliae (Metsch). Flubendiamide and carbaryl inhibited the growth of Lecanicillium (Verticillium) lecanii Humber.
Greek Demons and the Ambivalence of Clemens Alexandrinus
Authors: ALBINUS LARS
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
Soteriology and Meditation of the Pali Canon in the Socio-Religious Context of Early Buddhism
Authors: FOG FRANK GERHARD
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
A Structural Approach to the Biblical Psalms: The Songs of Degrees as a Year-End Pilgrimage Motif
Authors: McELWAIN THOMAS
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
Ethical Issues in Indian Proverbial Wisdom
Authors: KLIMKEIT HANS-J.
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
Defective Ca2+ Handling Proteins Regulation During Heart Failure
Authors: HU S.-T. , LIU G.-S. , SHEN Y.-F. , WANG Y.-L. , TANG Y. , YANG Y.-J.
Published: November 2019

Abnormal release of Ca2+ from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) via the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) may contribute to contractile dysfunction in heart failure (HF). We previously demonstrated that RyR2 macromolecular complexes from HF rat were significantly more depleted of FK506 binding protein (FKBP12.6). Here we assessed expression of key Ca2+ handling proteins and measured SR Ca2+ content in control and HF rat myocytes. Direct measurements of SR Ca2+ content in permeabilized cardiac myocytes demonstrated that SR luminal [Ca2+] is markedly lowered in HF (HF: ΔF/F0 = 26.4±1.8, n=12; control: ΔF/F0 = 49.2±2.9, n=10; P<0.01). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the expression of RyR2 associated proteins (including calmodulin, sorcin, calsequestrin, protein phosphatase 1, protein phosphatase 2A), Ca2+ATPase (SERCA2a), PLB phosphorylation at Ser16 (PLB-S16), PLB phosphorylation at Thr17 (PLB-T17), L-type Ca2+ channel (Cav1.2) and Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) were significantly reduced in rat HF. Our results suggest that systolic SR reduced Ca2+ release and diastolic SR Ca2+ leak (due to defective protein-protein interaction between RyR2 and its associated proteins) along with reduced SR Ca2+ uptake (due to down-regulation of SERCA2a, PLB-S16 and PLB-T17), abnormal Ca2+ extrusion (due to down-regulation of NCX) and defective Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (due to down-regulation of Cav1.2) could contribute to HF.
Heart Rate, Body Temperature and Physical Activity Are Variously Affected During Insulin Treatment in Alloxan-Induced Type 1 Diabetic Rat
Authors: HOWARTH F. C. , JACOBSON M. , SHAFIULLAH M. , LJUBISAVLJEVIC M. , ADEGHATE E.
Published: November 2019

Diabetes mellitus is associated with a variety of cardiovascular complications including impaired cardiac muscle function. The effects of insulin treatment on heart rate, body temperature and physical activity in the alloxan (ALX)-induced diabetic rat were investigated using in vivo biotelemetry techniques. The electrocardiogram, physical activity and body temperature were recorded in vivo with a biotelemetry system for 10 days before ALX treatment, for 20 days following administration of ALX (120 mg/kg) and thereafter, for 15 days whilst rats received daily insulin. Heart rate declined rapidly after administration of ALX. Pre-ALX heart rate was 321±9 beats per minute, falling to 285±12 beats per minute 15-20 days after ALX and recovering to 331±10 beats per minute 5-10 days after commencement of insulin. Heart rate variability declined and PQ, QRS and QT intervals were prolonged after administration of ALX. Physical activity and body temperature declined after administration of ALX. Pre-ALX body temperature was 37.6±0.1 °C, falling to 37.3±0.1 °C 15-20 days after ALX and recovering to 37.8±0.1 °C 5-10 days after commencement insulin. ALX-induced diabetes is associated with disturbances in heart rhythm, physical activity and body temperature that are variously affected during insulin treatment.
A New Non-Uremic Rat Model of Long-Term Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: PENG Y.-M. , SHU Z.-J. , XIAO L. , SUN L. , TANG W.-B. , HUANG Y. , LIU Y.-H. , LI J. , LING G.-H. , XU X.-Q. , HALMURAT U. , LIU F.-Y.
Published: November 2019

Together with the development of peritoneal dialysis (PD), appropriate animal models play an important role in the investigation of physiological, pathophysiological and clinical aspects of PD. However, there is still not an ideal experimental PD animal model. In this study, 45 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 (n=15) was receiving daily peritoneal injection through the catheter connected to the abdominal cavity, using PD solution containing 3.86 % D-glucose. Group 2 (n=15) was receiving daily peritoneal injection of 0.9 % physiological saline through a catheter. Group 3 (n=15), which was subjected to sham operation, served as controls. Our results showed that WBC counts in peritoneal effluent of Group 1 were slightly higher than those of Group 2 and control group, respectively (p<0.05). However, there was no episode of infection in any group. In addition, there was no significant difference in neutrophils fractions among these three groups. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining demonstrated a dramatic increase in thickness of the mesothelium-to-muscle layer of peritoneum exposed to high glucose (Group 1) compared to Group 2 and controls (p<0.01). These data indicated that we established a novel rat model of PD with a modified catheter insertion method. This model is more practical, easy to operate, not too expensive and it will facilitate the investigate of long-term effects of PD.
Phosphodiesterases Inhibition Enhances the Effect of Glucagon on Cardiac Automaticity in the Isolated Right Ventricle of the Rat
Authors: GONZALEZ-MUÑOZ C. , HERNÁNDEZ J.
Published: November 2019

We evaluated the effect of glucagon on cardiac automaticity as well as the possible role of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE) in regulating this effect. Concentration response curves for glucagon in the absence and in the presence of the non-selective PDE inhibitor IBMX were performed in the isolated right ventricle of the rat. We found that glucagon produces only a minor increase of ventricular automaticity (11.0±4.1, n=5) when compared to the full agonist of β-adrenoceptor isoproterenol (182.2±25.3, n=7). However, IBMX enhances the maximal efficacy of glucagon on cardiac automaticity (11.0±4.1, in the absence and 45.3±3.2 in the presence of IBMX, n=5, P<0.05). These results indicate that PDE blunts proarrhythmic effects of glucagon in rat myocardium.
Fatty Acid Transfer From Sow to Piglet Differs for Different Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA)
Authors: SAMPELS S. , PICKOVA J. , HÖGBERG A. , NEIL M.
Published: November 2019

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential for the development of the nervous system in animals. It is known that pigs are good models for human in many aspects. The aim of the study was to investigate how fat content and FA composition in sows’ diet influence FA composition in brain of newborn and in liver and brain of one-day-old piglets, respectively. High fat (6 %) feeds were designed with regard to saturated or polyunsaturated fat content and n-6/n-3 ratio by adding either oats rich in linoleic acid (LA) or linseed oil rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA). The ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA was 11 in all three diets (the low fat (3 %), high fat saturated and high fat oats diet), while the ratio in the linseed oil diet was 2. Increased proportion of ALA in the diet increased ALA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in piglets’ neutral and polar liver lipids and the long chain PUFA, EPA, docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid in piglet brain. The results suggest that transport of n-3 PUFA from sow to piglet was higher via milk than via bloodstream in the uterus and that increased content of ALA in sows’ feed led to an increased accumulation of n-3 FA in piglets’ liver and brain.
Immunocytochemical Demonstration of M1 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors at the Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Membranes of Rat Diaphragm Endplates
Authors: MALOMOUZH A. I. , ARKHIPOVA S. S. , NIKOLSKY E. E. , VYSKOČIL F.
Published: November 2019

M1-muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (M1R) were directly demonstrated immunocytochemically in electronmicroscopic images of rat diaphragm neuromuscular junctions (NMJ). Specific electron-dense granules were located at presynaptic nerve ending membranes and in the sarcolemma in the depths of postsynaptic folds. This first visualization of M1R on both sides of the NMJ is in agreement with previous pharmacological data on the regulatory role of M1R in quantal and non-quantal ACh release.
Research in the village of Jaskavičy-1 in 2018: to the study of the monuments of the «pre-Prague culture» horizon in Belarusian Polesia
Authors: Beliavets Vadzim G.
Published: November 2019

Unfortified settlement near the Jaskavičy village, Salihorsk District, Minsk Region is located on the northern margin of Pripyat Polesia. The settlement was discovered in 2017 by H. M. Byalickaya, researcher from the Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. In 2018, archaeological investigation of the settlement was continued by an expedition of Belarusian State University and an area of 364 m2 was excavated there. Two dwelling structures (a log hut and a hut with post walls) and household structure, and several other features were excavated during field seasons of 2017 and 2018. This article deals with the major part of obtained materials that belong to the Roman period. Preliminary, this horizon on the settlement can be synchronized with phases B2/C1–C1a – C2–C3 according to the Central European relative chronology and roughly can be dated to the period from the second part of the 2nd century or the boundary of the 2nd and 3rd centuries till the beginning or the middle of 4th century AD. Analysis of pottery, most prevalent tools – clay spindle whorls as well as adornments and pieces of clothing allows to attribute the settlement to the Kyiv cultural circle. Based on the finds from the dwelling structures and their surroundings, it can be assumed that the residents of the settlement were specialized in working with non-ferrous metals and, probably, in iron production. Imports from the Wielbark culture are registered among metal items and, occasionally, fragments of pottery. These imports are the evidences of contacts between community of Jaskavičy-1 settlement and foreign population – the Goths who had started to penetrate territories in the middle flow of the Pripyat river from the end of the 2nd century AD. The Jaskavičy-1 settlement, most actively occupied in the Late Roman period (3rd – middle 4th century AD), can become the reference site of the Kyiv cultural circle for the territory of the Central Polesia. Even preliminary results of archaeological investigations there allow to state that the chronological lacuna between Polesian settlements of post-Zarubintsy period (middle 1st–2nd century AD) and the earliest (of phase «0») settlements of the Prague culture form the Migration Period (which is associated with Slavs people) is being filled. Hence, at the Jaskavičy-1 settlement we have got a new argument supporting the theory about the beginning of formation of culture of the early Slavs in the territory of Pripyat Polesia.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KONSERVASI HUTAN UNTUK PELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP (Studi dalam Penerapan Kebijakan Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai Kabupaten Kuningan Jawa Barat)
Authors: Sutrisno Endang , Sulastri Tuty , Sheilla Ayu Feby
Published: November 2019

Persoalan lingkungan hidup telah menjadi masalah yang sangat krusial untuk negeri ini, perilaku manusia yang tidak ramah lingkungan dengan pendekatan anthroposentrisme-nya telah menyampingkan kepentingan yang lebih besar yaitu kebajikan untuk mengindahkan kepentingan lingkungan hidup. Titik berat pembangunan yang sifatnya konvensional telah memberikan kontribusi pada masalah lingkungan untuk negara berkembang semisal Indonesia yaitu eksploitasi sumber daya alam yang berlebih dalam pemahaman peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi, akan tetapi di sisi lain telah terjadi degradasi kualitas lingkungan hidup secara menyeluruh. Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai sebagai salah satu aset sumberdaya alam harus diperhatikan dalam ranah penerapan kebijakan yang lebih bersifat biosentrisme, sebuah pendekatan dalam hukum lingkungan yang sifatnya integral-komprehensif-holistik, reasoning-nya menyangkut posisi strategis dari keberadaan taman nasional tersebut untuk menjaga kualitas lingkungan dan perspektif pembangunan yang lebih mengedepankan adanya keseimbangan pengelolaan, sebuah penerapan kebijakan dari produk hukum di daerah dalam bentuk Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Kuningan harus lebih merespon kepentingan-kepentingan tersebut.
KEBIJAKAN ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN KAWASAN PERUMAHAN DI KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Manurung Agus
Published: November 2019

The growth of the housing industry in Cirebon is growing rapidly the last five years . This correlates with the urgent needs of the land , sparking rampant conversion of agricultural land . Is the land acquisition have noticed regulations set zoning in which productive agricultural land as a safeguard sustainable food security . Cirebon District Regulation No. 17 Year 2011 on Spatial Planning has arranged it . But the problem is , whether the land conversion policy in Cirebon has been referred to the applicable law and how policy formulation over the land to be allocated for housing development .
PERLINDUNGAN LAHAN PERTANIAN PANGAN BERKELANJUTAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN DI KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Masrukhin Masrukhin
Published: November 2019

Sektor pertanian masih menjadi sektor unggulan di Indonesia. Selain tenaga kerja yang terserap cukup besar, sektor ini juga masih mampu memberikan kontribusi pendapatan yang cukup besar bagi perekonomian nasional.Akan tetapi, permasalahan yang paling mendasar dari sektor pertanian ini adalah semakin menyusutnya lahan pertanian akibat alih fungsi lahan.Lahan merupakan faktor utama dalam pengembangan pertanian.Oleh karena itu, pada tahun 2009 Pemerintah bersama-sama dengan DPR mengesahkan lahirnya Undang-Undang No.41 Tahun 2009 tentang Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (LP2B).Undang-undang ini diharapkan dapat menahan laju konversi lahan sawah khususnya sawah dengan irigasi teknis sehingga dapat menopang ketahanan pangan nasional dan Indonesia memiliki lahan pertanian abadi. Pelaksanaan LP2B di Kabupaten Cirebon dapat dikatakan belum berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Hal ini disebabkan berbagai kendala yang dihadapi oleh pemerintah daerah dalam melaksanakan amanat undang–undang tersebut. Aspek pengembangan, pemanfaatan, pembinaan, sampai dengan aspek sanksi belum diterapkan karena masih terfokus pada proses perencanaan dan penetapan LP2B. Perlindungan Hukum terhadap lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Cirebon masih belum berjalan maksimal, alih fungsi lahan belum mengindahkan aturan yang ada. Sanksi terhadap pelanggaran belum diterapkan secara maksimal.
Beatrix Potter's Mycological Aesthetics
Authors: Kalnay Erica Kanesaka
Published: November 2019

This essay argues that Beatrix Potter's work on mushrooms reveals the ways in which the Western ecological imaginary has responded to Victorian and Edwardian notions of childhood animism. It finds Potter's ‘mycological aesthetics’, or the interplay between attention and imagination that characterises her work, lingering in present-day ecocritical thinking that aims to dismantle the binary constructs underwriting human exceptionalism.
The Posthumanist Child: Pharmakon and Collodi's Pinocchio
Authors: Burton Lindsay
Published: November 2019

The childlike elements of deconstruction—deconstruction's suggestion of play—require an interdisciplinary attention that they have previously not been afforded in scholarly discourse on Derrida. The power of the child in children's literature scholarship has similarly been immune to binary-disrupting forces common in adjacent literary fields; such immunity has been granted under the banner of ‘aetonormativity,’ which norms adult power while subverting that of the child. In light of the posthumanist turn in critical thinking, which demands a dissolution of binaries in favour of heterogeneity, deconstruction offers a novel approach to analysing the child in children's literature. In this paper, I draw upon Donna Haraway's diffractive approach to textual analysis to read Derrida's discussion of pharmakon through Maria Nikolajeva's conceptualization of aetonormativity. The resulting shift in understanding of both concepts allows for a reading of Carlo Collodi's The Adventures of Pinocchio that explores a figure I term the posthumanist child, whose undecidable embodiment works to disrupt the aetonormative binary.
Why Does Sex/Gender (Come to) Matter? Researchers' Reasons for Sex/Gender Assessment Illustrate its Context-Dependencies and Entanglements
Authors: Schellenberg Diana
Published: November 2019

The simultaneous artificiality and reality of social categories such as (dis)abilities, ethnicity, gender, race, sex, sexuality, or social class can pose methodological and ethical problems that can be obscured and aggravated by a lack of transparency about the categories' operational definitions. In the case of sex/gender, for example, theoretical and empirical evidence suggests that mutually exclusive categories such as ‘female’ and ‘male’ can fail to adequately represent human and nonhuman variability and may not meet the standards of scientific measurement. A lack of information about what these or similar labels mean, how they were derived, or what prompted their inclusion in a study can therefore make it difficult to evaluate not only the operationalizations themselves but also the data they yield. In this article, I argue for the consideration of context in the development and evaluation of sex/gender-related assessment methods by exploring the phenomenon's instrumental and abstract roles in research. In an online survey, sixty-four international researchers from various disciplines shared the reasons why they assess or report sex/gender and which purpose sex/gender variables serve in their research. The findings indicate that although researchers' motivation can stem from research topics or general methodological considerations, it is also possible that structural conventions or institutional constraints lead to default inclusions of sex/gender variables. The findings also indicate that sex/gender is attributed with various forms of agency and spatio_temporal (non)locations, ranging from concrete physiological (e.g. hormones) to abstract social concepts (e.g. human history), which could be seen as potential precursors for definitions. The results demonstrate that science is both affected by and contributes to societal constructions of social categorisations, and that sex/gender in research is an entangled, multifaceted, unstable phenomenon. I conclude by proposing to engage in the default assumption that sex/gender is not one thing that can be measured and that the dissonances that surround its assessment could be addressed by identifying and operationalizing aspects of sex/gender that are meaningful in the context of a study.
Prescriptive Power: Biologism, Biopsychiatry and Drug-centred Psychopharmacology
Authors: Russell Francis
Published: November 2019

This paper looks to make a contribution to the critical project of psychiatrist Joanna Moncrieff, by elucidating her account of ‘drug-centred’ psychiatry, and its relation to critical and cultural theory. Moncrieff's ‘drug-centred’ approach to psychiatry challenges the dominant view of mental illness, and psychopharmacology, as necessitating a strictly biological ontology. Against the mainstream view that mental illnesses have biological causes, and that medications like ‘anti-depressants’ target specific biological abnormalities, Moncrieff looks to connect pharmacotherapy for mental illness to human experience, and to issues of social justice and emancipation. However, Moncrieff's project is complicated by her framing of psychopharmacological politics in classical Marxist notions of ideology and false consciousness. Accordingly, she articulates a political project that would open up psychiatry to the subjugated knowledge of mental health sufferers, whilst also characterising those sufferers as beholden to ideology, and as being effectively without knowledge. Accordingly, in order to contribute to Moncrieff's project, and to help introduce her work to a broader humanities readership, this paper elucidates her account of ‘drug-centred psychiatry’, whilst also connecting her critique of biopsychiatry to notions of biologism, biopolitics, and bio-citizenship. This is done in order to re-describe the subject of mental health discourse, so as to better reveal their capacities and agency. As a result, this paper contends that, once reframed, Moncrieff's work helps us to see value in attending to human experience when considering pharmacotherapy for mental illness.
Broadmoor's Early ‘Pleasure Women’, or the Somatechnics of Maternal Filicide in Late Nineteenth-Century Britain
Authors: Sullivan Nikki , Hawkins Cathy
Published: November 2019

Drawing on primary and secondary sources including Broadmoor Criminal Lunatic Asylum patient files (specifically for the years 1863–1874), trial notes, newspaper reports, medical treatises, parliamentary debates, government reports, and juridical texts, this paper offers a critical genealogy of what we identify as the key somatechnologies that contributed to the gathering together, for the first time in British history, of a large number of women who murdered (or attempted to murder) their offspring in a purpose-built asylum for the criminally insane. Our analysis offers a (necessarily partial) mapping of the dispositif – that is, the ‘thoroughly heterogeneous ensemble … of discourses, institutions, architectural forms, regulatory decisions, laws, administrative measures, scientific statements, philosophical, moral and philanthropic propositions' ( Foucault 1980b : 194) – that we contend engendered a culturally- and historically-specific configuration of the maternal filicide that thoroughly saturated the lives of women on whom this study is based.
CALCULATION OF STRESS BEHAVIOR OF UNDERGROUND MINING SUPPORT CONSIDERING ITS INTERACTION WITH ROCK SOLID
Authors: Seryakov Viktor
Published: November 2019

In the work, issues of calculation of stress-strain behavior of support set at working under incomplete release of its contour from forces, according initial stress behavior of rock solid are considered. Calculating algorithm based on using stiffness matrix of calculated system, formed using mechanical parameters of the initial solid is proposed. Features of stress behavior of the support under different values of free working contour strain are established. Recommendations for choice of mechanical parameters of support are given.
PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN GAS INDUSTRY
Authors: Eder Leontiy
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the steady patterns of development of the sectors of extraction and processing of the gas industry in Russia, taking into account global, regional and organizational trends in the global gas supply system. The structure of the current state of gas production in the country with differentiation by federal districts and companies was analyzed separately, the features of gas processing development by regions were investigated. After a steady decline in gas production in the period 2011-2016, in 2017 gas production in Russia increased by 8% compared with the previous year, which is associated with an increase in production of both natural and associated petroleum gas (decipher briefly why and processes as in MPP).
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS OF THE PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE OIL AND GAS SECTOR OF RUSSIA
Authors: Belozsertsev Arseniy , Provornaya Irina
Published: November 2019

The linear model for «Yamal LNG» is estimated using DCF method. The hypothetical model without PPP mechanisms is also considered in the article. The linear estimation is not enough for a huge long-term project. Therefore, the risk analysis is carried out in the article. The positive effect on region development is shown in order to estimate social sides of the project realization.
As a result, we get project’s NPV of $1,337 blns, which would be true with 49,3% likelihood. The denial of PPP mechanisms leads to $-7,1 blns NPV.
TESTS OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTING BURIED PNEUMOHAMMERS OF HIGH PRESSURE
Authors: Timonin Vladimir , Alekseev Sergey , Kokoulin Daniar
Published: November 2019

In the paper, technical and economic advantages of using buried pheumohummers of high pressure including increasing of boring rate up to 1000mm/min and life time increasing up to 5000 buried meters and more are shown. Construction features of pheumohummers of high pressure concluding in using schemes of closed type and slide-valveless system of air distribution are considered. Native scheme of buried pheumohummer meeting all requirements with hummer without inner channels, weakening its cross-sections is represented. Constructions of pheumohummers PV170 and PV 130, created by this scheme, are considered; its parameters are represented. Conditions of pheumohummer prototypes tests at various areas are shown. Some test results are represented. Mechanical boring rate by pheumohummer PV 130 of granite is 600mm/min. It does not yield to foreign analogues.
OS TIPOS DE PESQUISA UTILIZADOS NA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS E MATEMÁTICA: UM OLHAR PARA TENDÊNCIAS CONTEMPORÂNEAS
Authors: Flores Jeronimo Becker , Lima Valderez Marina do Rosário , Pescador Cristina Maria
Published: November 2019

Neste trabalho objetivamos identificar e compreender tendências em relação ao tipo de pesquisa utilizados por pesquisadores vinculados a Programas de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática em um estado do Brasil. A partir de uma leitura crítica e analítica de teses e dissertações, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa bibliográfica, focando nas decisões metodológicas tomadas por pesquisadores. Por ora, são ressaltados aspectos relativos ao tipo de pesquisa e como ele vem sido concebido em investigações contemporâneas. Os resultados indicam uma predominância do estudo de caso e salientam o fato de que distintos trabalhos não apresentam ou justificam o tipo de pesquisa inerente à investigação.
ANÁLISE DAS DIFICULDADES DE ALUNOS DOS ANOS FINAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL NA RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS DE PERÍMETRO E ÁREA
Authors: Stefani Amanda , Proença Marcelo Carlos de
Published: November 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as dificuldades apresentadas por alunos do sétimo, oitavo e nono anos do Ensino Fundamental na resolução de problemas que envolvem os conceitos de perímetro e área. Participaram da pesquisa seis alunos de uma escola pública do interior do Estado do Paraná. Esses participantes foram selecionados a partir das notas obtidas em uma prova de Matemática e, por meio da técnica “pensar em voz alta”, realizamos entrevistas individuais e áudio-gravadas. Os resultados evidenciados na entrevista mostraram, em geral, que as principais dificuldades evidenciadasforam em relação aos problemas 1, 5 e 6, pois os alunos não compreenderam a estrutura formal do problema, haja vista que os problemas 1 e 5 apresentavam informações incompletas e o problema 6 continha informações supérfluas. Dificuldades essas relacionadas ao conceito de perímetro ao considerar que perímetro seria a soma de alguns dos lados dos polígonos e não de todos os lados e ao conceito de área, considerando que a área seria a soma de suas medidas, ao invés de multiplicar ou aplicar a fórmula corretamente aos respectivos problemas, além dá má compreensão e a interpretação dos enunciados dos problemas.
Optimal and Robustly Optimal Consumption of Stretch Film Used for Wrapping Cylindrical Baled Silage
Authors: Stankiewicz Anna
Published: November 2019

A conventional method for wrapping round bales of agricultural materials by wrappers with a rotating table or with rotating arms is considered. In contemporary agriculture, the demand for minimal consumption of the film used to wrap bales is very high, in order to apply this method with lower cost and less damage to the environment. A combined model-based problem of such a design, focusing on the width of stretch film and the overlap between adjacent film strips that minimizes film consumption, was mathematically formulated and solved. It was proven that the complete set of optimal film widths is defined by a simple algebraic equation described in terms of film, bale, and wrapping parameters. The optimal overlap ratios were found to be irreducible fractions in which the dividend is the divisor minus one; however, only the first three factions, 1 2 , 2 3 ,   and   3 4 , are practically significant. Next, the robustness to disturbances in the functioning of an actual bale wrapper, which leads to overlap ratio uncertainty, is examined. It was shown that, unfortunately, the optimal film widths applied together with the optimal overlaps do not provide any robustness to overlap variations. To overcome this inconvenience, the problems of a choice of the best commercially available film width guaranteeing minimal film consumption or maximal tolerance on the overlap uncertainty were formulated and solved. A new algorithm for a robust design of wrapping parameters was developed, motivated, and numerically verified to achieve a trade-off between satisfactory robustness and low film usage. For the resulting wrapping parameters, near-optimal film usage was achieved; the relative errors of the minimal film consumption approximation did not exceed 4%. It was proven that for the overlap, slightly more than 50%, i.e., 51% or 52%, provides both optimality and robustness of the overlap over disturbances, which are ensured regardless of the number of film layers. Moreover, it was found that for these overlaps and for the commercially available film widths selected according to the algorithm, the film consumption was more than twice as small than the film usage for exactly 50% overlap, if the actual overlap was smaller than pre-assumed. Similarly, an overlap of slightly more than the commonly used 67% will result in about 30% to 40% reduction in film usage in the presence of unfavorable disturbances, depending on the number of film layers and wrapping parameters.
Can Genetic Progress for Drought Tolerance in Popcorn Be Achieved by Indirect Selection?
Authors: Kamphorst Samuel Henrique , Amaral Júnior Antônio Teixeira do , Lima Valter Jário de , Guimarães Lauro José Moreira , Schmitt Kátia Fabiane Medeiros , Leite Jhean Torres , Santos Pedro Henrique Araújo Diniz , Chaves Marcelo Moura , Mafra Gabrielle Sousa , Santos Junior Divino Rosa dos , Cruz Cosme Damião , Campostrini Eliemar
Published: November 2019

The objective of this study was to estimate the direct and indirect effects of agricultural, morphological, physiological, and root traits of popcorn lines, under two conditions of water supply: full irrigation (FI) and drought stress (DS). A complete randomized block design with three replications was used to evaluate the following traits: expanded popcorn volume per hectare (EPV), 100-grain weight (100GW), mean ear length, mean ear diameter, number of grains per row (NGR), prolificacy (PRO), anthesis to silking interval, tassel length, number of tassel branches, plant height, shoot dry matter, green index (SPAD), and canopy temperature depression (CTD), root angle (RA), tap root volume (TRV), and crown root volume (CRV). Analyses of variance and path analysis, and subsequent partitioning of direct and indirect effects were performed. For the traits EPV, PRO, CTD, RA, CRV and TRV, the genotype x environment interaction was significant. Drought stress had significant effects on EPV (−7.15%), 100GW (−23.52%), SPAD (−29.31%), CTD (87.15%), RA (24.54%), and CRV (44.89%). The traits NGR and SPAD were found to be decisive for the expression of EPV. The exploitation of these traits by indirect selection is expected to induce increments in EPV in environments under DS and FI.
Unraveling the Adipose Tissue Proteome of Transition Cows through Severe Negative Energy Balance
Authors: Piras Cristian , Morittu Valeria Maria , Spina Anna Antonella , Soggiu Alessio , Greco Viviana , Ramé Christelle , Briant Eric , Mellouk Namya , Tilocca Bruno , Bonizzi Luigi , Roncada Paola , Dupont Joëlle
Published: November 2019

Fat mobilization in high-yielding dairy cows during early lactation occurs to overcome negative energy balance (NEB), caused by insufficient feed intake and the concomitant increased nutritional requirements. For this reason, adipose tissue represents an essential organ for healthy and performant lactation. However, only a few data are known about adipose tissue proteome and its metabolic status during peripartum. The aim of this study was to analyze the differential proteomics profiles of subcutaneous adipose tissue belonging to cows with different NEB scores (low NEB and severe NEB). Both groups were analyzed at three different time points (one month before calving, one and sixteen weeks after calving) that were related to different levels and rates of adipose tissue mobilization. The dataset highlighted the differential expression of the same four key proteins (annexin A2, actin-related protein 10, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and fatty acid-binding protein) involved in lipid metabolism during all time points and of other 22 proteins typical of the other comparisons among remaining time points. The obtained dataset suggested that the individual variability in adipose tissue metabolism/mobilization/energy availability could be linked to the different outcomes in levels of energy balance and related physical complications among dairy cows during peripartum.
Changes in Hoof Shape During a Seven-Week Period When Horses Were Shod Versus Barefoot
Authors: Malone Sara R. , Davies Helen M. S.
Published: November 2019

This crossover study tested the hypothesis that hoof shape would differ after a seven-week period of horses (n = 11) wearing shoes versus barefoot. An ANOVA appropriate to a crossover design was used to assess the differences in the change in hoof shape over the seven-week period and significance was set at p < 0.05. Results are displayed as the mean difference for horses when shod versus barefoot ± the SEM for the left (L) and right (R) front hooves. Proximal hoof circumference (PHC) decreased when horses were shod and barefoot, but this decrease was greater when horses were shod (L −0.65 ± 0.16 cm; p = 0.0026; R −0.78 ± 0.13 cm; p = 0.0002). Hoof angle increased slightly when horses were barefoot and decreased when they were shod (L −1.70 ± 0.31°; p = 0.0004; R −1.84 ± 0.54°; p = 0.0079). Sole length decreased more when horses were barefoot, but this was only significant for the right fore (R 5.07 ± 1.06 mm; p = 0.0010). Solar circumference increased when horses were barefoot but decreased when shod (L −1.19 ± 0.41 cm; p = 0.0182; R −1.50 ± 0.31 cm; p = 0.0010). This is the first study to show a significantly lower PHC when horses were shod compared to barefoot. The study suggests that shod horses may benefit from a shorter shoeing interval to help mitigate the changes in hoof angle.
An Endophytic Diaporthe apiculatum Produces Monoterpenes with Inhibitory Activity against Phytopathogenic Fungi
Authors: Song Xiao-Yu , Wang Huihua , Ren Fei , Wang Kaiying , Dou Guiming , Lv Xing , Yan Dong-Hui , Strobel Gary
Published: November 2019

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from endophytic fungi are becoming a potential antibiotic resource. The inhibitive effects of VOCs produced by an endophytic fungus in Leucaena leucocephala were investigated on plant pathogens in this study. Using standard morphological methods and multigene phylogeny, the fungus was identified as Diaporthe apiculatum strain FPYF 3052. Utilizing a two- compartment Petri plate bioassay method, the VOCs from this fungus showed bioactivity ranging from 23.8% to 66.7% inhibition on eight plant pathogens within 24 hours. The SPME-GC/MS technique identified fifteen volatile compounds with dominant terpenoids γ-terpinene (39.8%), α-terpinene (17.2%), and (-)-4-terpineol (8.4%) from the VOCs. Commercial α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, and (-)-4-terpineol demonstrated inhibition on the tested pathogens at concentrations from 0.2 to 1.0 µl/ml within 72 h in the bioassay system. The inhibition rates were from 28% to 100% percent using 1.0 µl/ml within 48 h. (-)-4-Terpineol was the most active of the terpenoids causing up to 100% inhibition. The data illustrate that these monoterpenes play an important role in the inhibitive bioactivity of the VOCs of D. apiculatum FPYF 3052. Most importantly, (-)-4-terpineol is now for the first time, reported to have capability of strong antifungal activity and could be developed as an antibiotic substance.
Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-Activation Enhances Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Action of Low Concentrations of Sodium Hypochlorite in Root Canals
Authors: Betancourt Pablo , Sierra Josep María , Camps-Font Octavi , Arnabat-Domínguez Josep , Viñas Miguel
Published: November 2019

The onset and persistence of endodontic infections due to residual biofilm after chemical disinfection promotes secondary bacterial infection. Alternative methods to disinfect operated root canals are a matter of great interest. The aim was to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at low concentrations activated by the Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated irrigation (LAI) against 10-day-old intracanal Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Biofilms were formed inside the root canals and divided into 7 groups (n13): 0.5% NaOCl + Er,Cr:YSGG; Saline + Er,Cr:YSGG; 0.5% NaOCl + syringe irrigation(SI); 2.5% NaOCl + SI; 5% NaOCl + SI; positive and negative controls. Bacterial survivors were counted and specimens visualized under scanning electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Treatments with 0.5% NaOCl + Er,Cr:YSGG and 2.5% NaOCl + SI gave a significant reduction in the number of CFU/mm2. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging confirmed and reinforced bacteriological data. Thus, Er,Cr:YSGG LAI proved to be able to improve the intracanal distribution of 0.5% NaOCl after 60 s of activation, reaching the same level of effectiveness than 2.5% NaOCl. This is regarded as of clinical interest, since working with lower concentrations may contribute to reduce undesired effects.
Sulforaphane Protects Cells against Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Inflammation in Murine Macrophages
Authors: Ruhee Ruheea Taskin , Ma Sihui , Suzuki Katsuhiko
Published: November 2019

Inflammation is an essential part for the general or innate immune defenses to defend against tissue damage and accelerate the curing process by providing protection against pathogens. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural isothiocyanate that has potential properties against inflammation, along with other protective functions. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanism of its protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in Raw 264.7 macrophages. Here, we compared LPS-challenged macrophages with or without SFN pretreatment. Macrophages were pre-incubated for 6 h with a wide range of concentrations of SFN (0 to 50 µM), and then treated with LPS for 24 h. Nitric oxide (NO) concentration and gene expression of different inflammatory mediators, i.e., interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-1β, were measured. SFN neither directly reacted with cytokines, nor with NO. To understand the mechanisms, we performed analyses of the expression of regulatory enzyme inducible nitic oxide synthase (iNOS), the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and its enzyme heme-oxygenase (HO)-1. Our results revealed that LPS increased significantly the expression of inflammatory cytokines and concentration of NO in non-treated cells. SFN was able to prevent the expression of NO and cytokines through regulating inflammatory enzyme iNOS and activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signal transduction pathway.