bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some new fixed point theorems in complete metric spaces
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY ILE-IFE, NIGERIA E-mail address: molaposi@yahoo.com, OLATINWO M. O. ,   wo@oauife.edu.ng E-mail address: memudu.olatinwo@gmail.com
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we obtain some fixed point theorems for more general classes of mappings than the A−contractions of Akram et al. We also give an example of mappings satisfying our new class of contractive mappings but which does not satisfy the contractive condition of Akram et al. Our results generalize and extend the recent results of Akram et al., and unify several other classical results in the literature.
PERAN KEPOLISIAN RESORT PONOROGO DALAM MENJAGA STABILITAS POLITIK DALAM RANGKA PILKADES SERENTAK
Authors: Ridho Irvan Nur , Hilman Yusuf Adam
Published: May 2021

Peran kepolisian tidak dapat dipisahkan dari sistem sosial masyarakat. Kepolisian mempunyai peran yang penting dalam perkembangan sejarah perkembangan masyarakat. Maka dari itu dari waktu kewaktu peran kepolisian selalu mengalami perubahan seiring dengan perubahan sosial, perubahan politik, dan perubahan industri. Proses demokrasi dewasa semakin kompleks, untuk itu diperlukan peran dari berbagai pihak untuk menjaga stalibitas keamanan dan politik khususnya dari pihak kepolisian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan peran kepolisian dalam menjaga stabilitas politik dalam rangka pilkades  serentak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan,  dengan menggunakan pendekatan library research. Peran kepolisian dalam pelaksanaan tugasnya sebagai  penegak hukum dan petugas ketertiban masyarakat mepunyai beberapa peran dalam menjaga stabilitas politik. Upaya represif dan preventif dilakukan untuk menjaga keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat.
EFEKTIVITAS PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA PADANG NOMOR 21 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI KELURAHAN GURUN LAWEH NAN XX KECAMATAN LUBUK BAGALUANG
Authors: Rambe Laila Afni , Dalimunthe Muhammad Alwi
Published: May 2021

Faktor yang melatarbelakangi penulis dalam membahas masalah ini adalah efektifitas Perda Kota Padang Nomor 21 Tahun 2012 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah. Dengan memperhatikan pola sikap dan perilaku masyarakat pasca berlakunya peraturan tersebut. Pertanyaan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana efektifitas Perda Kota Padang Nomor 21 Tahun 2012 di Kecamatan Geh Laweh Nan XX Kabupaten Lubuk Bagaluang. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut penulis melakukan jenis penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara yaitu melakukan wawancara dengan pihak terkait seperti: Kepala Desa, Kepala Desa dan tokoh masyarakat di Desa Geh Laweh. Kemudian penulis menganalisis datanya dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Dari hasil analisis yang penulis lakukan terhadap data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan di Kelurahan Laweh Nan XX Kecamatan Lubuk Bagalung Peraturan Daerah Kota Padang Nomor 21 Tahun 2012 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah belum efektif hal tersebut. didasarkan pada tidak adanya kepastian hukum tentang sanksi dan kurangnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat.
Penerapan Building Performance sebagai Usaha Menciptakan Kenyamanan Termal
Authors: Salim Victor Christian , Kusumowidagdo Astrid
Published: May 2021

Indonesia is a large and rich country, predicted to be number 6th in the world economy by 2023. This is  of course followed by the development of business sectors in the country, especially creative industries including the architectural design industry. The growing competition in the world of architecture with the number of firms that have sprung up has encouraged business performer in search for “added value” that can make their services receive more attention from the public. One thing that is appealing is green architecture, especially building performance that offers environmental friendly and energy-saving options. Aspects of concern in building performance include energy efficiency itself, productivity, and comfort. For many people energy efficiency is often associated with retrenchment, that reduce comfort, one of which is thermal comfort. In fact, building performance works simultaneously. Considering 3 aspects that concern the building performance, one of them is comfort, thermal comfort is one of the concerns. In fact, many building performance strategies can be offered and applied to architectural designs that improve heat management, especially heat loss such as shade and ventilation / ventilation that can handle this. With the right strategy, it is not only the energy savings we get, the comfort of the residents themselves can be maintained.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Buntulia Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Think Talk Write
Authors: Diange Warni
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan mencoba menerapan salah satu model pembelajaran untuk mengaktifkansiswa dan mengefektifkan proses pembelajaran yaitu pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Talk Write. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini apakah model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Talk Write dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Buntulia. Sedangkan yang menjadi tujuan penelitian ini adalahuntuk memperoleh gambaran model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Talk Write dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Buntulia. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Buntulia yang terdiri dari 23 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi untuk aktivitas guru dan siswa. Soal tes untuk hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan rumus persentase.Berdasarkan analisis dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di kelas kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Buntulia dengan subjek penelitian adalah
siswa kelas VIII A sebanyak 23 siswa, dapat di simpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Talk Write dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Buntulia yakni dari yang tuntas berjumlah 8 siswa (34,78%) menjadi 20 siswa yang tuntas (86,96%). Hal ini berarti ada peningkatan yang signifikan sebesar 52,18 %.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD Menggunakan Aplikasi Kahoot Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pada Pendidikan Kesetaraan Paket C
Authors: Pradikto Bayu , Dewi Intan Purnama , Janjumari Restu
Published: May 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan perbaikan pembelajaran di satuan pendidikan nonformal pada program pendidikan kesetaraan paket C menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD di SPNF-SKB Arga Makmur Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara mengunakan aplikasi Kahoot!. Penelitian menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratif pada kelas IPS mahir dasar mata pelajaran sosiologi dengan jumlah 23 warga belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketuntasan belajar klasikal pada siklus I sebesar 78,3% atau masih dibawah presentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar ≥ 85%. Pada siklus II sebesar 87% atau sudah masuk dalam kategori tuntas. Rata-rata nilai pada siklus I sebesar 71 yang selanjutnya mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II menjadi 76. Pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dengan media kahoot! juga dapat meningkatkan aktivitas tutor, berdasarkan hasil obervasi pada siklus I dengan nilai sebesar 21 dengan kategori baik dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 25,5 dengan kategori baik. Hasil observasi aktivitas warga belajar pada siklus I adalah 19 atau masuk kategori cukup, kemudian pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 24 atau masuk ketagori baik. Kesimpulan bahwa pembelajaran koopertif tipe STAD menggunakan aplikasi kahoot! dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar warga belajar paket C IPS Mahir Dasar di SPNF SKB Arga Makmur.
NT DISET 80 - Compras Públicas de Inovações Segundo o Texto Final do PL No 4.253/2020
Authors: Rauen André Tortato
Published: May 2021

No momento em que se escreve esta nota técnica (janeiro de 2021), o Projeto de Lei (PL) no 4.253 de 2020, que cria todo um novo arcabouço legal para licitações e contratos no Brasil, encontra-se aprovado pelo Congresso Nacional e aguarda análise pela Presidência da República.1 Nesse sentido, é possível que o mesmo sofra vetos e que estes sejam analisados pelo Congresso Nacional. Ou seja, ainda é possível haver mudança, mesmo que através da simples supressão do texto pela Presidência da República.

De qualquer forma, a abrangência da legislação já permite uma primeira análise sobre seu contexto geral e sobre pontos ligados à inovação. Isto porque trata-se de um texto legal de 187 páginas.

Portanto, esta nota técnica tem por objetivo fazer uma primeira análise do texto final do PL no 4.253/2020 (cuja redação revisada ainda não foi disponibilizada pelo Congresso Nacional) de forma a preparar gestores públicos e operadores do direito no Brasil quanto às novidades relativas ao uso do poder de compra do Estado e sua relação com a legislação em vigor.

Destaca-se que este é um trabalho ainda muito inicial, cujas análises podem sofrer alterações na medida em que novos acontecimentos e novas interpretações ocorram. Inclusive, a própria revisão do texto final pelo Congresso Nacional trazer alguma mudança. Mesmo assim, a análise precisa ser feita dada a quantidade de mudanças possíveis e seus inúmeros impactos potenciais.
Co-thérapie
Authors: Bartoloni Carla
Published: May 2021

La co-thérapie, lorsqu’elle est pratiquée, peut avoir un impact sur la famille du fait de la représentation que le couple de thérapeutes peut susciter. La composition même du couple de thérapeutes – deux femmes, un homme et une femme, un thérapeute jeune et un plus âgé – peut susciter des réactions et des projections qui méritent en certains cas d’être prises en compte. Parfois, le couple de thérapeutes peut devoir repérer que certaines notes d’agressivité ou de rivalité sont activées par la famille en réaction à une problématique interne ou à une projection de modèle de couple familial. Le couple de thérapeutes mérite d’être au clair sur son mode de fonctionnement et doit mesurer les effets que cela peut produire sur la famille.
Experimental Investigation on a PCM Based Thermal Energy Storage System for a VCR System
Authors: Basha Shaik Riyaz
Published: May 2021

Thermal energy storage (TES) based on hidden heat concept is good substitute for sensible heat storage because of its dense storage capacity and almost constant temperature heat transfers during the charging and discharging cycle. During no load and low cooling load conditions the system stores the thermal energy in the storage medium (phase change material) which will be used latter to meet the requirement in off cycle conditions. The intention of present work is to increase the system off cycle time, maintain required temperatures during power cuts by joining a few inch thick layer of phase change material on the outer surface of the evaporator. For investigation purpose a deep freezer which runs on vapor compression system of 50 liters storage capacity is fabricated with and without phase change materials. The eutectic compositions nearly 23 wt% salt (NaCl) dissolved in water and aluminium nitrate around 26 wt% dissolved in water are used as phase change materials. By the end of all experimental investigations it was noticed that the off cycle time system with phase change material is increased by 5.5 hours compared to system without phase change material, food storage time is enhanced by 8 to 14 hrs and a little power saving also achieved.
Real Time Remote Monitoring, Control and Reporting Dashboard System to Avoid Industrial Disasters Using Industrial IOT
Authors: Kumar Lokku Guru , Reddy Gangireddy Harinatha , Venkata Sai Payasam , Irfan Sk. , Pujitha K. Pushpa
Published: May 2021

In today’s global scenario, with the evolution of new technologies and robust ideas, the world gets more involved and embed the advancements of wireless communication with information technology. An ongoing Gartner report assesses that, by 2021, there will be 25.1 billion web associated gadgets, developing at a pace of 32% every year. Bounties of automation are minimizing the human assistance, intervention and reduced risk factor in industry. Here Industrial Automation is used to control systems or things such as computers or robots or machines or sensors with the help of Internet protocol and cloud computing. In this paper six parameters viz., vibration, temperature, humidity, air quality, sound rate and pressure are monitored and controlled remotely using cloud computing. The system performance automatically changes on the basis of sensor data being collected at regular intervals with a feedback mechanism, thereby allowing the system to control or monitor various devices using internet protocols. The threshold values for all the sensors are set as per the industrial standards. These automation techniques find extensive applications in various control mechanisms to operate the equipment under production processes like boilers and heat-treating ovens, steering and stabilization, pressure exerted by ideal gases in confined containers, vibrations by machinery, air pollution released from chemical composites etc.,
Effect of Silicon Carbide Boron Carbide and Fly-Ash Particles on Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite
Authors: Thirupathaiah C. , Hudgikar Sanjeev Reddy K.
Published: May 2021

The current paper deals about the fabrication of composite material is to combine the desirable attributes of metals and ceramics. Aluminium 6063 used as a base material in combination with the Silicon carbide ,Boron carbide and fly-ash were used as reinforcement material. Our intention is to increased or enhanced properties of pure Aluminium 6063 by addition of Silicon Carbide ,Boron Carbide and fly-ash. The process of fabrication composite material is prepared by using stir casting method. In this paper, addition of Silicon Carbide 1% , Boron Carbide 1% and fly-ash1% with aluminium increasing percentage ratio the mechanical properties of composite material is enhanced, so it is clear that the effect of Silicon Carbide , Boron Carbide and fly-ash were helpful to increasing properties of pure Aluminium by addition. The influence of reinforced ratio of silicon carbide, Boron carbide and fly-ash particles on mechanical behavior was examined. The effect of different weight percentage of silicon carbide, Boron carbide and fly-ash in composite on tensile strength, hardness, microstructure was studied. It was observed that the hardness & tensile strength of the composites increased with increasing reinforcement elements addition in it. The distribution of silicon carbide, Boron carbide and fly-ash particles was uniform in aluminum.
Numerical Simulation Investigation on Machining Deformation of Aviation Thin-Walled Parts Caused by Residual Stress
Authors: Deng Jie , Zhou Shi Jie , Gao Han Jun , Lin Ming Hui , Li Xin
Published: May 2021

Holistic thin-walled parts are common structural parts of modern aircraft to reduce the weight and increase the stiffness. Over 90% of the materials are removed from the blank, as a result, large machining deformations occur to the parts, which causes the manufacturing discrepancies and even the scrap parts. In this paper, numerical simulation models are established to predict the machining deformation of two typical aviation thin-walled parts. The blank initial and machining induced residual stresses, as well as the cutting parameters, are considered in the model. The deformations and stresses after machining are calculated using the proposed model, and the deformation and stress distributions are analyzed.
An ethnobotanical survey of seventeen plants species used against diarrhoea and other diseases in southern Benin (West Africa)
Authors: Dougnon Victorien , Agbodjento Eric , Hounsa Edna , Legba Boris Brice , Deguenon Esther , Bohoungbe Narcisse , Akotegnon Rémi , Klotoe Jean Robert , Dougnon Jacques
Published: May 2021

Ethnobotanical relevance: Many plants are widely used in traditional medicine across Africa. In Benin, practitioners of Beninese traditional medicine make use of diverse medicinal plants in the traditional management of various diseases including diarrhoea. Aim of the study: This study aimed at highlighting the ethnomedicinal uses of 17 plants in the traditional treatment of diarrhoea and other diseases in southern Benin. Methods: An ethnomedicinal survey was carried out using the semi-structured interview method among practitioners of traditional medicine in Benin. This allowed for the identification of the traditional uses of these plants. The ethnobotanical data collected was analyzed using indices such as Use Value, Informant Consensus Factor and Fidelity Index of medicinal plants. A total of 72 informants participated in this study, including 52 market herbalists and 20 traditional healers. Results: The cited plants were involved in the treatment of 39 diseases and symptoms of diseases which have been divided into 15 categories. The most frequently mentioned disease categories were infectious-, blood and digestive diseases,offering treatement for malaria, diarrhoea and fever, amongst others. These plants have maximum potential for the treatment of infectious diseases, as well as metabolic, respiratory, skin, blood, digestive and circulatory diseases. Conclusion: This study revealed that interviewed informants (market herbalists and traditional healers) had good knowledge of the treatment of several diseases using the 17 plants . . It confirmed that the 17 selected plants are used in the traditional treatment of diarrhoea as well as other diseases. This study provided a database for Future pharmacological investigations on the basis of this ethnobotanical documentation.
Effectiveness of a Health Literacy Intervention Based on Transformative Learning and Incorporating Positive Psychology on Health Behavior and Well-Being of Thai Families with Ncds Risk
Authors: Intarakamhang Ungsinun , Macaskill Ann
Published: May 2021

Background

Thailand has a higher global non-communicable disease (NCD) mortality rate in comparison to the rest of the world, accounting for 75% and 71% of all deaths. WHO focused increasingly on health literacy (HL) in order to decrease NCDs. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an HL intervention utilizing transformative learning and positive psychology with mindfulness training in terms of changing levels of HL, health behavior (HB), and health outcomes.

Design and methods

The study was a randomized control trial from May to September 2019. The participants were a rural Thai population with low levels of HL, living in an area with high levels of NCDs. The 200 participants were cluster randomly allocated to an eight-week intervention, and the control group. The data were collected by Likert questionnaires and physical exams, and analyzed via ANOVA.

Results

The intervention group mean scores for HL, psychological capital, HB, and family well-being increased from baseline to post-intervention, but decreased during the follow-up but were still significantly higher than the control group and baseline scores. The increases in HL and HB were matched by improvements in physiological measurement. The BMI scores of the intervention group decreased in each phase, while the control group scores remained largely unchanged. An intervention group had significantly lower fasting blood sugar than the controls at the intervention and in the follow-up. There was no interaction between social support and any other variables.

Conclusions

This program demonstrated improvements in HL, HB and the well- being of Thai families at risk of NCDs in rural communities.
Required Research Activities to Overcome Addiction Problems in Japan
Authors: Ikeda Kazutaka , Ide Soichiro , Takahashi-Omoe Hiromi , Minami Masabumi , Miyata Hisatsugu , Kawato Mitsuo , Okamoto Hitoshi , Kikuchi Tetsuro , Saito Yumiko , Shirao Tomoaki , Sekino Yuko , Murai Toshiya , Matsumoto Toshihiko , Iseki Masako , Nishitani Yoko , Sumitani Masahiko , Takahashi Hidehiko , Yamawaki Shigeto , Isa Tadashi , Kamio Yoko
Published: May 2021

Background:

The term “addiction” encompasses both substance dependence and behavioral addiction and is associated with major societal problems. Measures to combat addiction are currently insufficient in Japan, and further research on addiction is necessary.

Methods:

Science Council of Japan (SCJ) has three subcommittees – the Addiction Subcommittee, Brain and Mind Subcommittee, and Neuroscience Subcommittee among others. Those three subcommittees are dealing directly or indirectly with addiction problems in Japan. Thus, all authors of this review, members of those subcommittees, collectively recommended what research activities are required in Japan for continuing effort in overcoming addiction problems in Japan.

Results:

We proposed the following measures. Proposal 1: Understand diversity in addiction and promote related research and education; Proposal 2: Promote personalized measures for patients with addiction disorders; Proposal 3: Foster addiction research personnel; Proposal 4: Develop new guidelines for the rehabilitation of patients with drug dependence; Proposal 5: Establish an institute specializing in addiction research and comprehensively handling information collection, research, countermeasures, treatment, and public relation related to addiction.

Conclusion:

The opinions of the review are based on the recommendations that were published in 2020 in Japanese by the Addiction Subcommittee, Brain and Mind Subcommittee, and Neuroscience Subcommittee of the SCJ. The authors here are sharing colleagues of Taiwanese Society of Psychiatry with these proposed research activities required to overcome addiction problems in Japan.
Public order and morality in China's Trademark Law: a vague scrutiny based on political order and social morals
Authors: Zhang Ling
Published: May 2021

Under Article 10(1)(8) of China's Trademark Law, a trademark that is contrary to public order and accepted principles of morality is not only refused registration, but also forbidden to be used in commerce. Numerous cases involving the registrability of trademarks are brought to China's courts, and Article 10(1)(8) is one of the main grounds for refusing trademark registration. In general, there are two specific legal issues concerning the application of this provision. One is the legislative purpose and rational basis of this provision. In fact, China's Trademark Office and courts used this provision to block trademark hoarding and to protect the civil rights of others before the Supreme People's Court clarified that the purpose of this provision was to protect public interests. The other is the standard for determining what is offensive, which is a common problem among countries with a similar provision. Indeed, it is difficult to create a consistent standard because of the subjectivity involved in drawing moral conclusions, the cultural conflicts between different groups and the unpredictability of the perception of the general public. However, these problems could be solved if the examiners set a low moral threshold for trademark registration, as the perception of the general public with normal sensitivity and tolerance is easier to ascertain when a mark is deeply offensive. In addition, not all trademarks related to public authorities and serious social events should be forbidden under the morality provision, and the court should take account of the possibility of damaging political order and traders' freedom of expression.
Investigation of the Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Dual Task Questionnaire in Older Individuals
Authors: SERTEL Meral , ABİT KOCAMAN Ayşe , AYDOĞAN ARSLAN Saniye , DEMİRCİ Cevher , ŞENGÜL AYÇİÇEK Gözde
Published: May 2021

Objective: The aim of the study is to indicate the Turkish version of the Dual Task Questionnaire for older adults and its suitability for Turkish society. Methods: This study included a total of 118 older adults living in the community. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was applied by recording the physical characteristics and clinical conditions of the individuals in their initial evaluation. The Turkish version of the Dual Task Questionnaire was translated by experts for its validity and reliability. The Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) were applied together with both motor and cognitive tasks and Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment Test to test validity in the study. For test-retest reliability, retest was performed by the same physiotherapist 1 week later. Results: ICC values on the individual test were 0.991 [95% CI; 0.984–0.995 (excellent agreement)]. According to the correlation analysis, a very high correlation (r=0.982) was found between the first assessment and second assessment of Dual Task Questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to be 0.695. Ten items had correlation values above 0.90, which indicated a very high correlation for intra-rater reliability. A low level of correlation was revealed between the Dual Task Questionnaire and TUG Motor, TUG Cognitive, and Tinetti scales. Conclusion: The study was indicate that the Turkish version of the Dual Task Questionnaire in older adults was valid and reliable.
DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF ADULT PATIENTS WITH SCAPHOID FRACTURES IN POPULATION OF DISTRICT D.I.KHAN, PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan` Muhammad Shafiq , Rasheed Nusrat , Hussain Khadim , Farooq Muhammad Zubair
Published: May 2021

Background: Scaphoid fractures are common and account for 60-70 % of all carpal fractures. The objectives of this study were to determine the demographic and clinical profiles of adult patients with scaphoid fractures in population of District D.I.Khan, Pakistan. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Orthopedics, Gomal Medical College, D.I.Khan, Pakistan from January 2015 to December 2019. Sample size was 40. Demographic variables were sex, age groups and time to presentation in weeks. Research variables were; cause, laterality, site, management options, time to union in months and presence of infection. All variables were categorical and analyzed by count and percentages for sample and as CI at 80% CL for proportion for population using Wilson score for binomial distribution. Results: Forty patients included 34 (85%) men & 16 (15%) women, 24 (60%) in 17-30 and 16 (40%) in age group 31-50 years. Time to presentation was ≤1 week of injury in 19 (47.5%) patients and 21 (52.5%) presented later. Cause was fall on out-stretched hand in 27 (67.5%) and RTA in 13 (32.5%) patients. Right hand was involved in 29 (72.5%), left in 9 (22.5%) while bilateral in 2 (5%) patients. Site of fracture was waist in 24 (60%), proximal pole 11 (27.5%) and distal pole 5 (12.5%) cases. Conservative treatment was done in 7 (17.50%) patients, percutaneous screw fixation 7 (17.50%), open reduction and internal fixation through palmar in 11 (27.50%) and though dorsal 15 (37.50%) cases. Time to union was ≤3 in 7 (17.50%), >3-6 months 29 (72.5%), while >6 months in 4 (10%) patients. Presence of infection was 1/40 (2.38%). Conclusion: Scaphoid fractures are more common in men and younger adults and most are presented within a week of injury. These are caused mostly by fall on outstretched hand, involving right hand and involving waist. Substantial number of cases requires open reduction with internal fixation. Mostly unite in 3-6 months.
Pénzügykutató Zrt.: Elhúzódó járvány, lassú kilábalás
Authors: Várhegyi Éva
Published: May 2021

Több mint egy éve tombol világszerte a Covid–19 okozta járvány, és még nem látszik a vége. A magyar gazdaság tavalyi 5 százalékos visszaesése a kelet-közép-európai térségben az egyik legrosszabb teljesítményt tükrözi. Bár a magyar kormány látszólag jelentős összeget fordított a kettős krízis leküzdésére, e pénzek jelentős hányada nem a kitűzött célokat szolgálta. A válságkezelés eredményességét rontotta, hogy a kormány nem pótolta elégséges mértékben a járvány miatt kieső jövedelmeket, továbbá téves módon azt feltételezte, hogy átváltás van az egészség és a gazdaság védelme között. Az idén a magyar GDP 3,8 százalékkal bővülhet, ám reálértéke elmarad a 2019. évitől. A háztartások fogyasztása csak lassan épül fel, de a beruházások nagyobb lendületet vehetnek. A megélénkülő gazdaságban romlik a külső egyensúlyi helyzet. A jegybanki és a költségvetési politikák tovább lazulnak, a gazdaságpolitika prociklikussá válik.
DIDACTICAL PRINCIPLES OF CONCEPT FORMATION IN PHYSICS
Authors: Šlekienė Violeta , Ragulienė Loreta
Published: May 2021

Formation of concepts and their correlation with mental activity has been an object of con-cern for philosophers, psychologists and educators. Selecting the most efficient way of con-cept formation, knowledge of various methods, their advantages and disadvantages, condi-tions of their successful application, peculiarities of the comprehension process is necessary. This article deals with the didactical principles of concept formation in physics. The main stages of formation and development concepts of physics have been analysed: a definite sensual perception, distinction of basic general features of the observed objects of a class, abstraction of a concept, specification and consolidation of basic features of concept, defini-tion of relations with other concepts, application of a concept, generalisation and specifica-tion. It has been stated in this article, that the quality of concept formation depends on the ways how the basic features of a concept are detailed and consolidated, relations with other concepts are revealed, how the concept is applied solving tasks of various types, i.e., how the process of concept expansion has been organised. Concept comprehension is not a single act of the definition memorisation but a long-term process. Aiming at pupils’ conscious compre-hension of scientific concepts, their ability to apply them in definite situations it is essential to organise the process of their formation in the right way and to manage it. Teachers should realise, that definition memorising does not mean concept formation, quality of concept comprehension mainly depends on the ways its basic features are being detailed and consoli-dated, correlation with other concepts is being disclosed, the concept is being applied solving the tasks of various character, i.e. how the process of concept expansion is being organised.
Key words: physics teaching, concepts formation, didactical principles.
MISUSE AND ABUSE OF DRUGS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY AMONG PHARMACY PROFESSIONALS IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: ALSHAYBAN Dhafer , JOSEPH Royes , LUCCA Jisha , ALJISHI Fatimah , ALSADIQ Yara
Published: May 2021

Prescription and non-prescription medication misuse or abuse is a global problem that has a negative impact on all human life aspects, including health, social, economic, and security status. According to the United Nations Office on Drug and Crime reports, over 5% of adult people used drugs at least once in the year 2015, and 29.5 million of them were suffered from the consequences of inappropriate use of drugs. Information on the knowledge and perception among pharmacists regarding the misuse and abuse medications in Saudi Arabia are limited, and therefore, a study was conducted among pharmacy staff to assess their knowledge and awareness on drug misuse and abuse. A cross-sectional study was carried out in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Pharmacy professionals with more than three months of experience were included in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain the participant's responses. A Chi-square test was used to evaluate the association of sociodemographic factors with the participant's responses. Ninety pharmacy professionals were responded. Overall, 69 (76.7%) participants agreed that misuse and abuse are two different terms. In addition, the study showed different responses for patients who suspected to be medication abusers. In conclusion, this study provides an initial picture of pharmacy staffs' knowledge and opinion regarding the misuse and abuse of medicines in Saudi Arabia. Participants' reactions toward such behaviors were different and not consistent. Therefore, there should be a clear policy to define the role of the pharmacy staff toward the misuse and abuse of medication in Saudi Arabia.
The role of valuation in the construction industry of the post-Covid era / Il ruolo del settore delle costruzioni nell’epoca del dopo corona virus
Authors: Fattinnanzi Enrico
Published: May 2021

Following the pandemic, investments in theconstruction sector are destined to reach exceptionallevels, with noteworthy effects on economicproduction, all while providing a very real opportunityto carry out projects that could resolve a good many ofthe critical problems currently affecting the towns, citiesand surrounding territory of Italy: problems such asaccessibility, the distribution of public resources andservices, and seismic and hydrogeological safety;foremost among these are problems plaguing structuralfunctions, as well as the lack of social and economicintegration in outlying urban areas. And yet there is arisk that pursuit of these objectives could be seriouslyhampered by distressing levels of inefficiency in theoverall organisation of the processes of intervention, aswell as the unwarranted influence of special interests,including, in some cases, infiltration by organised crime.The resulting situation presents an unacceptable ratioof resources allocated to the quality of results. Thispaper illustrates why significantly different forms ofgovernance should be adopted, together with a totallynew, innovative approach to organising the processesof intervention. A reference found to be especially useful in formulatingthe considerations developed in the paper was a criticalanalysis of the results - ultimately judged to be positive- of the project to replace the Morandi Bridge in Genoa,though mention was also made of the factors thatrender a generalised application of this example tofuture investments unfeasible. Instead we have focussed on certain aspects that, as wesee it, may prove useful in arriving at a new approach tomanaging project programs: first of all, theestablishment, at the heart of any project, and especiallythose that are particularly demanding in terms of sizeand/or quality, of a strong management function that,being in possession of all the necessary powers andknow-how, is responsible for successful performance ofthe work, meaning proper use of the availableresources, compliance with deadlines and pursuit of allthe objectives and standards of performance that gaverise to investment in the first place. To this end, planningquality is held to be of the utmost importance, and soplanning decisions should be supported by effectiveevaluation procedures. And such procedures, the paperargues, prove all the more effective when they supportfor each and every one of the phases of decision-making involved in planning, covering governance ofthe entire process, up to and including the actualexecution of the project.AbstractYou delight in laying down laws, Yet you delight more in breaking them.Like children playing by the ocean who build sand-towerswith constancy and then destroy them with laughter...... But while you build your sand-towers the ocean brings more sand to the shore.From The ProphetKhalil Gibran
How Covid-19 influences the 2030 Agenda: do the practices of achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 11 need rethinking and adjustment?
Authors: Abastante Francesca , Lami Isabella , Mecca Beatrice
Published: May 2021

Our cities represent the crucial nodes of intervention to improve living conditions and promote sustainability.Therefore, the current pandemic, combined with the climate emergency, translates into an urban emergency.In light of the devastating effects of Covid-19 and the rethinking of the concept of sustainability, the goal of developing inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and human settlements pursued by theSustainable Development Goal 11 may now require re vision in terms of the indicators used for its monitoring. Indicators are crucial since they help to make sustainable development visible and transparent, enable comparison, build and harmonize databases and provide information relevant to decision-making processes and urban and territorial policies by facilitating communication across arenas. The aim of this paper is to provide a picture of the indicators currently used to monitor SDG11, to present a series of critical reviews of them in light of the Covid-19emergency, and to suggest the introduction of some new indicators, thus opening a scientific debate on the topic.
The urban rent in the multicultural city: retail shops, migrants and urban decline in the historic centre of Palermo [La rendita urbana nella città multiculturale: attività commerciali, migranti e declino urbano nel centro storico di Palermo]
Authors: Napoli Grazia , Bonafede Giulia
Published: May 2021

Changes in consumer shopping behavior and in retail spaces, such as shopping malls, department stores and e-commerce, have modified localization models of traditional retail shops, also affecting urban fabric and spatial distribution of urban rent. Even city centers have undergone significant transformations or even decline, especially if local economic system and real estate market are weak and recessionary. A significant amount of commercial properties may have long vacancy due to excess supply, since many traditional shops close their business because they are no longer competitive and, moreover, there is no immediate takeover by new tenants. The decline of central urban areas depends on the interaction of multiple economic, social and cultural factors, but it can be countered by urban policies oriented not only to physical redevelopment of urban fabric, but also to social cohesion and multiculturalism. Migrants bearers of varied cultural values, coming from different continents and settling permanently in the Italian cities, have rented some of these empty properties by locating retail shops specifically oriented to their own communities or also to the citizens needs. The presence of migrants contributes, indeed, to support the retail real estate demand, to mitigate the minus-valorization of real estate capital and also to contain the revenues contraction. This phenomenon has been analyzed in some streets of the historic centre of Palermo that are traditionally shopping areas and have become the privileged place for locating retail shops managed by immigrants.
НАЦИОНАЛЬНО-ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВО В СЕМИПАЛАТИНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ В НАЧАЛЬНЫЙПЕРИОД СОВЕТСКОЙ ВЛАСТИ: ПРОТИВОРЕЧИЯ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПАВЛОДАРСКОГО УЕЗДА)
Authors: Нұрбай Қ.Ж., д.и.н.
Published: May 2021

В статье рассматривается процесс национально-государственного строительства в Павлодарском уезде Семипалатинской области в первые годы советской власти, который имел противоречивый характер. Это было связано с изначально избранным антинародным курсом правящей коммунистической партии и советских органов власти на подавление политической и экономической свободы граждан, частного предпринимательства и декларативным характером проводимых советским государством реформ, расхождением провозглашаемых лозунгов и конкретными действиями, искусственным разрастанием бюрократического аппарата власти. Методологической базой данного исследования является концепция казахской политической элиты начала XX века, в частности, М. Шоқая и современных казахстанских исследователей Қозыбаева М.Қ., Қойгелдиева М., Т. Омарбекова, Абылхожина Ж.Б. о колониальной сущности советского государства. Источниковую базу статьи составили материалы из фондов государственного архива Павлодарской области, городского отдела государственного архива Павлодарской области (бывший партийный архив), а также - Центрального государственного архива РК. Использованные в статье методы исторического анализа и синтеза архивных источников позволили показать противоречивый характер советских социалистических реформ и советского социалистического строительства в целом, выявить проблемы в политическом, социально-экономическом развитии региона в условиях непрерывного преследования инакомыслия и ограничения национальных интересов казахского населения. На основе критического анализа архивных источников проанализированы социально-экономическая политика и действия местных органов в первые годы советской власти, в период формирования основ советской казахской государственности, проведения и после проведения новой экономической политики, и делается вывод о репрессивной и декларативно-показательной сущности советского государства, основанного на административно-командной системе власти и управления.
Determination of Evaluation Indicators and Establishment of Employees Performance Evaluation System
Authors: DANIALI Sara , RODIONOV Dmitrii , BEIGI KHORTABI Farzin MOHAMMAD
Published: May 2021

Employees’ performance appraisal can be seen as an intersection between employees and organizations’ expectations. The two main tasks in evaluating employees’ performance are the establishment of a system for evaluating performance, and the preparation of supervisors to play an effective role within the system and related executive processes.
The role of coarse aerosol particles as a sink of HNO3 in wintertime pollution events in the Salt Lake Valley
Authors: Hrdina Amy , Murphy Jennifer G. , Hallar Anna Gannet , Lin John C. , Moravek Alexander , Bares Ryan , Petersen Ross C. , Franchin Alessandro , Middlebrook Ann M. , Goldberger Lexie , Lee Ben H. , Baasandorj Munkh , Brown Steven S.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Wintertime ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) pollution events
burden urban mountain basins around the globe. In the Salt Lake Valley of
Utah in the United States, such pollution events are often driven by the
formation of persistent cold-air pools (PCAPs) that trap emissions near the
surface for several consecutive days. As a result, secondary pollutants
including fine particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter
(PM2.5), largely in the form of NH4NO3, build up during these
events and lead to severe haze. As part of an extensive measurement campaign
to understand the chemical processes underlying PM2.5 formation, the
2017 Utah Winter Fine Particulate Study, water-soluble trace gases and
PM2.5 constituents were continuously monitored using the ambient ion
monitoring ion chromatograph (AIM-IC) system at the University of Utah
campus. Gas-phase NH3, HNO3, HCl, and SO2 along with
particulate NH4+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+,
NO3-, Cl−, and SO42- were measured from 21 January
to 21 February 2017. During the two PCAP events captured, the fine
particulate matter was dominated by secondary NH4NO3. The
comparison of total nitrate (HNO3 + PM2.5 NO3-) and
total NHx (NH3 + PM2.5 NH4+) showed NHx was
in excess during both pollution events. However, chemical composition
analysis of the snowpack during the first PCAP event revealed that the total
concentration of deposited NO3- was nearly 3 times greater
than that of deposited NH4+. Daily snow composition measurements
showed a strong correlation between NO3- and Ca2+ in the
snowpack. The presence of non-volatile salts (Na+, Ca2+, and
Mg2+), which are frequently associated with coarse-mode dust, was also
detected in PM2.5 by the AIM-IC during the two PCAP events,
accounting for roughly 5 % of total mass loading. The presence of a
significant particle mass and surface area in the coarse mode during the
first PCAP event was indicated by size-resolved particle measurements from
an aerodynamic particle sizer. Taken together, these observations imply that
atmospheric measurements of the gas-phase and fine-mode particle nitrate may
not represent the total burden of nitrate in the atmosphere, implying a
potentially significant role for uptake by coarse-mode dust. Using the
NO3- : NH4+ ratio observed in the snowpack to estimate the
proportion of atmospheric nitrate present in the coarse mode, we estimate
that the amount of secondary NH4NO3 could double in the absence of
the coarse-mode sink. The underestimation of total nitrate indicates an
incomplete account of the total oxidant production during PCAP events. The
ability of coarse particles to permanently remove HNO3 and influence
PM2.5 formation is discussed using information about particle
composition and size distribution.
Retrieval algorithm for the column CO2 mixing ratio from pulsed multi-wavelength lidar measurements
Authors: Sun Xiaoli , Abshire James B. , Ramanathan Anand , Kawa Stephan R. , Mao Jianping
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The retrieval algorithm for CO2 column mixing ratio from
measurements of a pulsed multi-wavelength integrated path differential
absorption (IPDA) lidar is described. The lidar samples the shape of the
1572.33 nm CO2 absorption line at multiple wavelengths. The algorithm
uses a least-squares fit between the CO2 line shape computed from a
layered atmosphere model and that sampled by the lidar. In addition to the
column-average CO2 dry-air mole fraction (XCO2), several other
parameters are also solved simultaneously from the fit. These include the
Doppler shift at the received laser signal wavelength, the product of the
surface reflectivity and atmospheric transmission, and a linear trend in the
lidar receiver's spectral response. The algorithm can also be used to solve
for the average water vapor mixing ratio, which produces a secondary
absorption in the wings of the CO2 absorption line under humid
conditions. The least-squares fit is linearized about the expected XCO2
value, which allows the use of a standard linear least-squares fitting method
and software tools. The standard deviation of the retrieved XCO2 is
obtained from the covariance matrix of the fit. The averaging kernel is also
provided similarly to that used for passive trace-gas column measurements.
Examples are presented of using the algorithm to retrieve XCO2 from
measurements of the NASA Goddard airborne CO2 Sounder lidar that were
made at constant altitude and during spiral-down profile maneuvers.
GCAP 2.0: A global 3-D chemical-transport model framework for past, present, and future climate scenarios
Authors: Murray Lee Thomas , Leibensperger Eric M. , Orbe Clara , Mickley Loretta J. , Sulprizio Melissa
Published: May 2021

Abstract. This manuscript describes version 2.0 of the Global Change and Air Pollution (GCAP 2.0) model framework, a one-way offline coupling between version E2.1 of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) general circulation model (GCM) and the GEOS-Chem global 3-D chemical-transport model (CTM). Meteorology for driving GEOS-Chem has been archived from the E2.1 contributions to Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) for the preindustrial and recent past. In addition, meteorology is available for the near future and end-of-the century for seven future scenarios ranging from extreme mitigation to extreme warming. Emissions and boundary conditions have been prepared for input to GEOS-Chem that are consistent with the CMIP6 experimental design. The model meteorology, emissions, transport and chemistry are evaluated in the recent past and found to be largely consistent with GEOS-Chem driven by the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) product and with observational constraints.