bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Aromaterapi Kulit Jeruk Terhadap Intensitas Mual Muntah Pada Ibu Hamil
Authors: Simbolon Marlina L. , Dormauli
Published: February 2022

Latar Belakang: Patogenesis Emesis Gravidarum sampai saat ini belum diketahui secara pasti, namun paritas memiliki peran sekitar 60-80% pada ibu primigravida dan 40% pada multigravida, usia ibu yang muda, dan kekurangan berat badan serta peningkatan konsentrasi hCG, progesterone dan estrogen, serta peningkatan kadar serum GDF15 dalam darah ibu. Mual dan muntah yang terus-menerus dapat mengganggu dan membuat ketidakseimbangan elektrolit dan cairan pada jaringan ginjal sehingga hati menjadi nekrosis. Metode: Quasi experiment dengan pre test and post test, 32 orang ibu postpartum,tehnik pengambilan data random sampling  waktu penelitian Januari - Maret 2021 dan analisi data dengan paired sample t test. Hasil: Adanya pengaruh aroma terapi kulit jeruk terhadap intensitas mual dan muntah yoga postnatal denganP value (0.000) < α (0,05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh aroma terapi kulit jeruk terhadap intensitas mual dan muntah.

Background: The pathogenesis of Emesis Gravidarum is not yet known with certainty, but parity has a role of around 60-80% in primigravida mothers and 40% in multigravida, young maternal age, and underweight as well as increased concentrations of hCG, progesterone and estrogen, as well as increased levels of serum GDF15 in maternal blood. Nausea and vomiting that continue to interfere and create an electrolyte and fluid imbalance in the kidney tissue so that the liver becomes necrotic.Purpose: to find out the effect of postnatal yoga on the psychological condition of postpartum mothers. Methods: Quasi experiment with pre test and post test, 32 postpartum mothers, random sampling data collection technique during the research period January - March 2021 and data analysis with paired sample t test. Conclusion: There is an effect of orange peel aromatherapy on the intensity of nausea and vomiting
New Anthropometric Indicators are associated with Glycemic Control in Type II Diabetics with Excess Weight
Authors: Albuquerque Larissa
Published: February 2022

Objective: To evaluate the association of new anthropometric indicators with glycemic control in overweight patients with type II diabetes. Methods: The sample consisted of 164 type II diabetic patients selected for convenience. Demographic, socioeconomic variables and time since diabetes diagnosis were collected using a structured questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements of weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference were taken. The Body Mass Index (BMI), BodyShape Index (ABSI), BodyShapeRoundness Index (BRI) and Body Adipose Index (BAI) indicators were calculated. The 12-hour fasting blood samples were collected by means of digital puncture by a trained professional. Patients were classified into two groups: controlled (≤ 130 mg/dL) and altered (> 130 mg/dL) glycemia. To evaluate models adjusted for glycemic control (dependent variable) and new indicators (independent variables), logistic regression was used.
PT Pindad's Strategy towards Defense Industry Independence
Authors:   Universitas Pertahanan, Kawasan IPSC Sentul, Sukahati, Kec. Citeureup, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat 16810, Habsari Tien Norma
Published: February 2022

In order to realize defense and security in accordance with the times, Indonesia is obliged to produce the main weapons system equipment independently. The target of achieving the minimum essential force (MEF) has an impact on the development of the domestic defense industry. Government policy regulations related to the defense industry and the development of defense human resources have been regulated in Law Number 16 of 2012 concerning the Defense Industry. This research was carried out through descriptive qualitative studies, literature study techniques sourced from books, journals, and national data. This study describes an analysis of the constraints faced by PT Pindad in an effort to become self-reliant in the defense industry. The transfer of technology process carried out by PT Pindad encountered obstacles such as the availability of company technology and a very short time in meeting the Minimum Essential Force (MEF) III target. Based on the capabilities of its resources, to prove that the Indonesian defense industry is able to compete with other countries' defense industries, PT Pindad has several grand strategies which include efforts to optimize the use of fixed assets and increase product sales, increase profitability, and increase working capital.
Availability and use of Automated External Defibrillators in Karachi, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shoukat Ali Huma , Seth Martins Russell , Maha Quratulain , Syeda Sadia Fatima  , Docherty Charles
Published: February 2022

Objective: To assess the availability and use of automated external defibrillators in various public and private establishments, and to assess knowledge, attitude and practices related to its use.
Methods: The telephone-based survey was conducted from March to August 2019 in Karachi after approval from the ethics review committee of the Aga Khan University, Karachi, and comprised public and private establishments identified through purposive sampling based on the standard requirements for automated external defibrillators installation. Data was collected using a predesigned questionnaire which was pilot-tested for reliability and validity. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 53 establishments, 32(60.4%) were private and 21(39.6%) were public. Overall, 9(17%) establishments were aware of automated external defibrillators and 1(1.9%) had an automated external defibrillator on the premises. Also, 25(47.2%) establishments believed that having an automated external defibrillator on the premises would be useful, while 25(47.2%) were undecided. Besides, 22(41.5%) establishments said they would consider installing an automated external defibrillator on the premises, while 24(45.3%) were undecided. Finally, 37(69.8%) establishments expressed a positive desire to get trained in giving basic life support.
Conclusion: There was a need for a city-wide automated external defibrillator placement project for a reduction in mortality due to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Key Words: Defibrillator, Resuscitation, Training, Bystanders.
An audit of contrast extravasation in patients undergoing contrast enhanced CTs at radiology department in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Masood Laiba , Yasir Sanam , Rana Atif Iqbal , Ali Kiran Mian , Shah Mariam , Riaz Nimra
Published: February 2022

Objective: To audit the radiology department of a health facility, focusing on contrast extravasations management pre- and post-implementation of a standard protocol.
Methods: The audit was conducted at the Radiology Department of Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan and comprised reported computed tomography contrast extravasation incidents from January 2017 to December 2019 in the retrospective phase before the implementation of a standard protocol. Post-implementation, re-audit was done prospectively to assess compliance from January 2020 to May 2021. Overall score of >80% was chosen arbitrarily as a qualifying standard for adequate documentation.
Results: Of the 49 total cases, 26(53%) related to the first phase and 23(47%) to the second. In the first phase, 2(20%) of the 10 parameters cleared the cut-off mark; 'study performed' 25(96%) and 'limb assessment by technician' 26(100%). In the second phase, 2(20%) parameters failed to clear the cut-off mark; site of cannula/extravasation' 18(78.3%) and 'volume of contrast' 15(65%).
Conclusion: Lack of early identification and appropriate management, especially in cases of large-volume extravasation, may result in significant morbidity.
Key Words: Contrast extravasation, Contrast-enhanced CT, IV contrast media.
COVİD-19 PANDEMİ DÖNEMİNİN KİŞİLİK BOZUKLUĞU OLAN BİREYLERDEKİ OLASI ETKİLERİNE DAİR BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ÇARESİZ Dilara , FARAJİ Haydeh
Published: February 2022

Bireyin kendine özgü düşünme, hissetme, algılama ve/veya başkalarıyla ilişki kurma biçimini kapsayan kişiliği çoğu durumda sorunlu, zararlı, işlevsiz ve hatta yıkıcı bir hal aldığında bu durum kişilik bozukluğu olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Toplumdaki bireylerin tahminen %6-10'u gibi önemli bir oranında kişilik bozukluğu vardır. Kişilik bozukluğu eşlik eden Eksen I psikopatolojisinin varlığında söz konusu psikopatolojinin gidişatını olumsuz yönde etkilediği gibi, eşlik eden bir ikincil psikopatoloji olmasa dahi bireyin yaşamını olumsuz etkilemekte ve güçleştirmektedir. Ülkemizde Koronavirüs vakası ilk olarak 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde İstanbul Çapa Tıp Fakültesi’nde görülmüştür ve Covid-19 salgın hastalık süreci halen devam etmektedir. Dünyaya ölümcül bir şekilde yayılan salgın hastalıkların, insanlar ve insan psikolojisi üzerinde ciddi etkileri olmaktadır. Koronavirüs gibi milyonlarca kişinin ölümüne sebep olan bir hastalık sürecinde tehlikeli bir durumun varlığı, sosyal izolasyona maruz kalmak insanları çok boyutlu bir biçimde etkilemiştir. İnsanların hem bireysel hem toplumsal bağları zarar görmüş olmakla birlikte; insanlar, ekonomik, sosyal, iş yaşantıları bakımından da bugüne kadar alışkın olmadıkları bir düzene geçiş yapmışlardır. Pandemi döneminin genel itibariyle insanlık üzerinde olumsuz ruhsal etkileri olduğu görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda hâlihazırda günlük yaşamlarında çeşitli güçlükler yaşayan kişilik bozukluğu hastalarının bu dönemde daha fazla zorluk yaşadığı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Covid-19 Pandemi döneminin kişilik bozuklukları üzerindeki etkileri hakkında literatürdeki çalışmaların incelenmesiyle bir değerlendirme yapmaktır. Çalışman sonucunda, herhangi bir ruhsağlığı bozukluğu olmayan bireyler dahil tüm insanlar üzerinde önemli ölçüde zorlayıcı etkileri olan Covid-19 pandemisinin kişilik bozukluğu olan bireyler için çok daha zorlayıcı olabildiği ve günlük işlevselliklerini, özellikle de sosyal işlevselliklerini olumsuz yönde etkilediği görülmüştür.
Szokásjog és analógia a büntető jogalkalmazás történetében és jelenében
Authors: Ambrus István
Published: February 2022

In my article, I deal with the prohibition of customary law and analogy to the detriment of the perpetrator. Both mentioned prohibitions arise from the principle of legality. The starting point of the analysis is a decision of the Hungarian Supreme Court in 1898 dealing with the criminal offence of theft related to electricity. I presented examples of the extensive and then of the restrictive interpretation by Hungarian criminal courts. My conclusion is that the principle of legality may obviously infringe, for example, criminal liability extended by analogy. However, an overly restrictive interpretation must also be avoided, as this could threaten to violate the state’s obligation for criminalization.
Az orvosi látlelet szerepe a csecsemőgyilkosság miatt indított eljárásokban
Authors: Bató Szilvia
Published: February 2022

The study examines the role of medical records (visum repertum) in three criminal proceedings initiated for infanticides in Békés County. The expert opinions were written in accordance with the provisions of decrees and with the regulations of the medical profession. The prosecution and the defence based their arguments on the expert opinions, and the court accepted, in every instance, the forensic medical expert’s position. In one case, the body of the infant was not found, wherefore the woman was convicted for adultery, on the basis of the medical examination proving childbirth (1823). In the second case, a preterm birth occurred, so the widow was punished for concealing her pregnancy (1847). In the third case, only the infant’s fatal bleeding could be proven, but the intent to cause injury could not; consequently, the girl was found guilty in wrongful death caused by negligence (1834).
Aki vallási motivációból ölt – a nădragi sorozatgyilkos
Authors: Kádár Hunor
Published: February 2022

The present study is intended to illustrate the activities of a serial killer who committed a series of crimes in a small village. During the investigation, the police interrogated several suspected candidates but excluded them from the list of potential perpetrators due to lack of motive. Finally, by narrowing down the investigation to include psychiatric patients, the perpetrator, who was member of an aggressive religious sect, was identified. The serial killer testified that he had planned to commit further murders and showed no remorse at all, but instead he regretted killing so few unbelievers.
A romák elleni sorozatgyilkosság néhány aspektusának kriminológiai elemzése
Authors: Sivadó Máté
Published: February 2022

"The case known in the public discourse as the Roma murders was a series of attacks on Roma committed with a distinctly anti-Gypsy, racist motive by Árpád Kiss, István Kiss, Zsolt Pető, and István Csontos – the latter having joined them later – between July 2008 and August 2009.
The perpetrators had previously committed a gun robbery in Besenyszög and then carried out firearm and Molotov cocktail attacks on Gypsies in a total of nine settlements across five counties, killing a total of six people. The investigation revealed that several of the offenders were related to the skinhead community in Debrecen, and their motive was retaliation for crimes related to gypsies and incitement of anti-Gypsy sentiments among the population.
They were arrested on 21 August 2009, in a nightclub in Debrecen, where two of the perpetrators worked as bouncers. Their criminal proceedings began on 25 March 2011, and the verdict was pronounced on 6 August 2013. The first-, second-, and third-degree defendants were sentenced to actual life imprisonment, while the fourth-order defendant was sentenced to 13 years in prison, of which he could not be released on parole, so he is expected to be released at the end of August 2022.
The publication presents the events, the process of the investigation, the arrest, and the perpetrators. The author seeks to find motivation for the events and broader social aspects."
Real-Time Waste Object Segregation Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Patankar Yukti , Mirge Manasi , Edakhe Vaishnavi , Gohokar Pooja , Malpe Ruchika , Singam Prajakta
Published: February 2022

The increasing number in solid waste in the urban area is becoming a great concern, and it would result in environmental pollution and may be dangerous to human health if it is not properly organized It is important to have an advanced or intelligent waste management system to manage a variety of waste material. One of the most important steps of waste management is the separation of the waste into the different components and this process is normally done by handpicking. To simplify the process, we propose an intelligent waste material classification system, which contains 14 million images belonging to 1000 classes (VGG16) Convolutional Neural Network model which is used to pre-train dataset and serves as the extractor, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) which is used to classify the waste into different groups or types such as glass, metal, paper, and plastic etc. The proposed system is examined on the trash image dataset which was developed by Karen Simonyan and Andrew Zisserman, and is able to achieve an accuracy of 92.7% on the dataset. The separation process of the waste will be faster and intelligent using the proposed waste material classification system without or reducing human involvement.
Trajetória política e intelectual de uma mulher preta da/na Amazônia
Authors: Torres Aleixo Mariah
Published: February 2022

Resenha da obra DEUS, Zélia Amador de. Caminhos trilhados na luta antirracista. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica, 2020. 111 p.
Etnografar encontros
Authors: Da Silva Anaxsuell Fernando
Published: February 2022

Resenha do livro: ARAUJO, Erick. A vida em cenas de uso de crack. Rio de Janeiro: Papeis Selvagens, 2017. 175p.
Na viatura
Authors: Cerqueira Bastos Alessandro
Published: February 2022

Resenha da obra: MEDEIROS, Flavia.2018. Linhas de investigação : uma etnografia das técnicas e moralidades numa divisão de homicídios da polícia civil do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro : Autografia.
ANALYSIS OF FALSE-POSITIVE RESULTS AND THE REAL EFFECTIVENESS OF LUMINOL IN THE DETECTION OF BLOOD SPOTS.
Authors: ZILIOTTO Luis Henrique Carra , DA SILVA Isaac Newton Lima
Published: February 2022

Forensic investigators have widely used luminol for more than 90 years in the identification of blood in life crime scenes. When mixed with an alkaline solution and sprayed on a catalyst (iron present in blood hemoglobin), it reproduces a chemiluminescent reaction with a bluish color. As it is a presumptive blood test, the present study sought to demonstrate that only the photons emission is not a prerogative to attest that the result is indeed human blood. In this perspective, 24 samples of both liquid and solid substances that can easily be found in residences and potentially used by criminals to impair the interpretation of the investigator at the crime scene were prepared. Out of the total of the analyzed samples, there was a chemical reaction with sodium hypochlorite and wood varnish, proving the known understanding that some samples may cause interference in the examination with luminol.
AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR, BIODIESEL E COMPETITIVIDADE: O CASO DO NÚCLEO DE PRODUÇÃO DE OLEAGINOSAS DE SERRA DO RAMALHO (BA)
Authors: Fernandes Fábio Matos , Silva Marcelo Santana , Martins Luís Oscar Silva , Freires Francisco Gaudêncio Mendonça
Published: February 2022

Entre os principais objetivos do Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel (PNPB) está a redução das desigualdades regionais com a inclusão de agricultores familiares na cadeia produtiva do biodiesel. Com isso, uma nova oportunidade despontou para os agricultores familiares de todo o país, especialmente nas regiões semiáridas do Norte e Nordeste. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo compreender os fatores que influenciam na competitividade da produção de mamona destinada ao programa de biodiesel pelos agricultores familiares do município de Serra do Ramalho, no estado da Bahia. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, onde foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e aplicados questionários estruturados com os principais atores envolvidos na organização do Núcleo de Produção (NP – SR). No resultado obtido, constatou-se que fatores ligados à má gestão das propriedades rurais; baixa organização produtiva dos agricultores familiares; quebras dos contratos de compra e venda firmados; baixo nível tecnológico utilizado na produção da oleaginosa e; a logística deficiente de transporte e armazenamento contribuem significativamente para a baixa produção da mamona pelos agricultores familiares do NP-SR, reduzindo a sua competitividade. Para mudar este quadro, faz-se necessário uma redefinição dos papeis dos atores envolvidos, estimular boas práticas de gestão entre os agricultores familiares, investir na melhoria do nível tecnológico e da assistência técnica prestada e aumentar a fiscalização por parte dos agentes públicos.
Análisis del costo-utilidad de los nuevos fármacos para tratamiento del cáncer de próstata metastásico resistente a la castración
Authors: Velasco Roces Lucía
Published: February 2022

OBJETIVO: estudiar el costo-utilidad en España de los diferentes fármacos para tratamiento del cáncer de próstata metastásico resistente a la castración (abiraterona, cabazitaxel, mitoxantrona y docetaxel) en pacientes que evolucionaron a un régimen de quimioterapia con docetaxel. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo de corte longitudinal efectuado en pacientes con cáncer de próstata metastásico resistente a la castración. El costo-eficacia incremental para los diferentes fármacos se expresa en euros por años de vida ajustados por calidad para cáncer de próstata metastásico resistente a la castración. Para la estimación de los años de vida ajustados por calidad sólo se tuvieron en cuenta los costos directos y las utilidades se extrajeron de la bibliografía y se obtuvieron mediante estimaciones indirectas. Para la perspectiva del pagador se estimó un horizonte temporal de 18 meses y el índice de precios al consumidor en España, correspondiente a 2014.RESULTADOS: cabazitaxel y abiraterona son los tratamientos más efectivos y más costosos. El costo-utilidad incremental de docetaxel, abiraterona, enzalutamida y cabazitaxel, tomando como referencia mitoxantrona, fue de -3.581, 41.720, 98.845 y 118,788 euros por años de vida ajustados por calidad, respectivamente. Mitoxantrona es dominado por docetaxel, fármaco tomado como referencia en este estudio.CONCLUSIONES: con base en nuestro modelo, abiraterona es un tratamiento costo-efectivo para pacientes con cáncer de próstata metastásico resistente a la castración, enzalutamida y cabazitaxel resultaron opciones no costo-efectivas.PALABRAS CLAVE: cáncer de próstata metastásico, cáncer de próstata metastásico resistente, docetaxel.
Quemaduras en genitales y periné: consideraciones generales y tratamiento urológico
Authors: Carrillo Cordova Luis Daniel
Published: February 2022

ANTECEDENTES: las quemaduras en genitales y periné ocurren en un grupo pequeño de pacientes que requieren diagnósticos precisos, tratamiento intensivo y oportuno por parte de equipos multidisciplinarios. Las quemaduras en los genitales representan, aproximadamente, 2% de todas las series estadounidenses de quemados. En la mayor parte de los casos se asocian con una gran superficie corporal quemada; el fuego directo y la escaldadura son las causas más frecuentes. El tratamiento de las quemaduras se inicia con el diagnóstico oportuno; para ello deben clasificarse correctamente según la profundidad de la lesión. Después de establecido el diagnóstico, el tratamiento debe ser intenso y dirigido a evitar la profundización de la quemadura. La reanimación hídrica es el paso inicial seguida de curaciones, cuando se trata de quemaduras superficiales. En quemaduras de segundo grado profundo o tercer grado, la reconstrucción dependerá de la afectación. Entre las opciones de reconstrucción destacan: aplicación de injertos cutáneos, colgajos locorregionales, colgajos libres y, en casos graves, reconstrucción total del pene. Las complicaciones dependen de la extensión de la quemadura. Las quemaduras en los genitales y periné representan un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico para el urólogo.Palabras clave: reconstrucción en quemados, quemaduras genitales, reconstrucción genital
The Polish adaptation of the Revised NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol
Authors: Żurek Alina , Szostak Maciej
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we introduce the Polish adaptation of the Revised NICHD (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development) Investigative Interview Protocol (2014). The protocol is an evidence-based method for interviewing child witnesses and crime victims. Compared with the Standard NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol (2008), the revised version includes strategies and techniques for providing emotional support to the interviewed child. This paper describes both the standard and the revised versions of the protocol, presents scientific evidence for its efficacy, and introduces the Polish language adaptation of the tool. The recipients of this methodological instrument could include judges and forensic psychology expert witnesses, who are to actively participate in interviewing child witnesses and victims under Article 185 of the Polish Code of Criminal Procedure, as well as students of law, psychology and criminology preparing to perform these roles in the future.
Deep learning-based automatic detection of tuberculosis disease in chest X-ray images
Authors: Showkatian Eman , Salehi Mohammad , Ghaffari Hamed , Reiazi Reza , Sadighi Nahid
Published: February 2022

Purpose

To train a convolutional neural network (CNN) model from scratch to automatically detect tuberculosis (TB) from chest X-ray (CXR) images and compare its performance with transfer learning based technique of different pre-trained CNNs.

Material and methods

We used two publicly available datasets of postero-anterior chest radiographs, which are from Montgomery County, Maryland, and Shenzhen, China. A CNN (ConvNet) from scratch was trained to automatically detect TB on chest radiographs. Also, a CNN-based transfer learning approach using five different pre-trained models, including Inception_v3, Xception, ResNet50, VGG19, and VGG16 was utilized for classifying TB and normal cases from CXR images. The performance of models for testing datasets was evaluated using five performances metrics, including accuracy, sensitivity/recall, precision, area under curve (AUC), and F1-score.

Results

All proposed models provided an acceptable accuracy for two-class classification. Our proposed CNN architecture (i.e., ConvNet) achieved 88.0% precision, 87.0% sensitivity, 87.0% F1-score, 87.0% accuracy, and AUC of 87.0%, which was slightly less than the pre-trained models. Among all models, Exception, ResNet50, and VGG16 provided the highest classification performance of automated TB classification with precision, sensitivity, F1-score, and AUC of 91.0%, and 90.0% accuracy.

Conclusions

Our study presents a transfer learning approach with deep CNNs to automatically classify TB and normal cases from the chest radiographs. The classification accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and F1-score for the detection of TB were found to be more than 87.0% for all models used in the study. Exception, ResNet50, and VGG16 models outperformed other deep CNN models for the datasets with image augmentation methods.
Bio wächst, aber zu langsam
Authors: Vetter Bernhard
Published: February 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Die ökologisch bewirtschaftete Fläche in Deutschland hat 2021 weiter zugenommen. Mit dem derzeitigen Tempo werden die Ausbauziele 2030 allerdings verfehlt.
So lösen Sie das Düngerproblem
Authors: Vetter Bernhard
Published: February 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Stark gestiegene Kosten für Düngemittel treiben Landwirten Sorgenfalten auf die Stirn. Ein Papier des ZALF analysiert nun, welche Auswirkungen die Preise auf den Düngereinsatz haben und was Handlungsalternativen sein könnten.
Winzlinge unter der Lupe
Authors: Schaal René
Published: February 2022

Pflanzenschutzmittel in Nano-Größe sollen einen besseren Schutz vor Krankheiten, Parasiten und Unkräutern bieten. Bei den Zulassungsverfahren ergeben sich für diese Produkte neue Herausforderungen.
„Bei Mähdreschern einer der marktführenden Taktgeber“
Authors: Dänzer Dieter
Published: February 2022

New Holland ist eine vergleichsweise junge Marke, da sie erst nach der Fusion der Landtechniksparten von Fiat und Ford im Jahr 1999 entstanden ist. Steven van Kooten Niekerk, der vor zwei Jahren das Ruder der deutschen Vertriebsgesellschaft in Heilbronn übernommen hat, erläutert, wie sich die Firma am europäischen Markt etabliert hat.
Regionale Vermarktung gerettet
Authors: Lachmann Filip
Published: February 2022

Crimmitschau. Weniger als zehn Minuten sind die Schweine vom Erzeugerbetrieb meist unterwegs gewesen, wenn sie Human Mihan Nejad in Empfang nimmt. Auf regionale Wertschöpfung legt der Geschäftsführer des sächsischen Schlachtbetriebs größten Wert.
Experiences of pregnant women from a rural community regarding antenatal care services in eThekwini district, KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Khambule Nelisiwe Zandile Barbara
Published: February 2022

Introduction and Background According to the Declaration of Alma-Ata, maternal and child health care forms an integral component of primary health care. In line with this, the South African national government legislated free maternal and child healthcare services in the public sectors to ensure accessibility and availability of basic health care services to the community of South Africa. However, poor access and utilization of antenatal care services in rural areas continues and contributes to high maternal mortality and morbidity rates and untoward pregnancy outcomes. Aim The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of pregnant women from the KwaMkhizwana rural area regarding antenatal care services in order to identify the factors affecting effective provision of and access to the antenatal care services. Method A qualitative, explorative, descriptive research design, which was guided by Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model, was used to conduct the study. Data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with 15 participants who were purposively sampled between February and March 2016 and was analysed using Tesch’s method of data analysis. The sample size was determined by data saturation that was reached after ten interviews were conducted. A total of five additional interviews were conducted to confirm saturation of data. Findings There were five major themes and several sub-themes that emerged from the interviews. The major themes included: 1) availability and accessibility of antenatal care services; 2) established practices by the health post staff to reduce the number of clients; management and administration of the health posts; 3) access to health information by pregnant women; 4) communication between the pregnant women and the health post staff; and 5) socio-cultural taboos and beliefs of the community in the area. Conclusion and Recommendations The information gathered from the participants with regard to their experiences affirms that challenges still exist in this rural community regarding access to health care services, particularly antenatal care services. Recommendations pertaining to policy development, institutional management, practice, and research were made. Some of these recommendations included that several policies that are currently non-existent should be developed in order to promote accessibility of antenatal care service at primary health care level, more primary health care training schools should be established to increase the number of primary health care trained nurses, short courses for training of clinic supervisors should be conducted and that further research studies looking at ANC service accessibility especially in rural areas, focusing on health care workers and management experiences be conducted.
The efficacy of combined diclofenac therapy and spinal manipulation compared to combined placebo therapy and spinal manipulation in the treatment of mechanical low back pain
Authors:   , White Powan Harvey
Published: February 2022

There are many non-surgical treatments that are available to patients with low back pain but few have been proven effective in controlled clinical trials. Arguably, the treatments with the greatest evidence for efficacy are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), some muscle relaxants and spinal manipulation (Deyo et al.(1983) and Shekelle et al.(1992). Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs are the most widely used agents for musculoskeletal pain and inflammation. The widespread use of NSAIDs augments the impact not only of their benefits but also the risk of their adverse effects. The effectiveness of chiropractic management is now firmly established for most patients with acute and chronic low-back pain (Koes et aI.1996). The purpose of this study was to determine the relative efficacy of combined diclofenac sodium therapy and spinal manipulation compared to combined placebo therapy and spinal manipulation in the treatment of mechanical low back pain. Sixty subjects were selected and randomly divided into two groups of thirty subjects. Subjects were treated four times over a two-week period, including a diclofenac or placebo medication course, taken three times daily for five days, starting from the first consultation. The results of the Numerical Pain Rating Scale-101, Revised Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, Orthopaedic Rating Scale and Algometer readings were taken before the first, third and fourth consultations. The statistical tests used were the parametric two-sample unpaired t-tests and the paired t-tests, and the nonparametric intra-group Friedman test, multiple comparison procedure, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test and the inter-group Mann Whitney U-test at the 95% level of significance using the SPSS statistical package. There was a statistically significant improvement in both treatment groups for both subjective and objective clinical findings, suggesting that spinal manipulation combined with either an NSAID or placebo medication will ultimately give relief to a patient suffering from lower back pain. The conclusions
The efficacy of acupuncture combined with chiropractic manipulative therapy in the management of migraines
Authors:   , Cullinan Adam
Published: February 2022

The aim of this investigation was to determine the relative effect of two treatments for migraine headache. It was hypothesised that by combining chiropractic adjustments with acupuncture, there would be a greater effect as opposed to using chiropractic adjustments only. Thirty subjects diagnosed as having migraine headaches were randomly divided into two treatment groups. Each group consisted of 15 subjects, between the ages of 20 and 59, selected from the general population. The first group received chiropractic adjustment with acupuncture, whilst the second group received chiropractic adjustment only. The research project was carried out where both groups received 10 treatments over a period of four weeks. After a follow-up period of eight weeks, the patients were reassessed. Subjective and objective measurements of the cervical spine using the Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) goniometer and completion of Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (CMCC) neck disability index and McGill Short Farm questionnaire were performed before the first, fifth and to' treatment and at the last follow-up assessment Headaches were recorded in a headache diary at intervals of four weeks over a period of twelve weeks. Following this, the data was then analysed statistically using a 95% confidence level. Intra-group comparisons were done using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Inter-group comparisons were done using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Inter-group comparisons indicated that neither group improved statistically significantly more than the other. (p>O.05). Intra-group results indicated that the adjustment group improved statistically significantly in terms of frequency, duration, and intensity and also with regard to the eMee and the McGill Short Form questionnaires (pIntra-group results for the adjustment and acupuncture group indicated statistically significant findings for only headache intensity and the McGill short form questionnaires (pThere were no statistically significant changes with regards to the CROM readings for both Inter and Intra-group analyses for either of the treatment groups. From these results, it would seem that the adjustment group performed better than the adjustment and acupuncture group in terms of subjective findings. However, the inter-group analysis indicated this was not the case and it therefore could not be inferred that the adjustment group responded more favourably than the adjustment with acupuncture group in the treatment of migraine headaches. It is suggested that further studies with a larger sample size are needed together with a placebo and/or control group to clearly evaluate the use of combined adjustment with acupuncture. It was also suggested that any future studies study the effects of combined adjustment with acupuncture on specific types of migraine. With regard to acupuncture treatment, it is recommended that different points be tried for migraine headache and furthermore different points for different symptom pictures of migraine be used.
Analisis dan Desain Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Menggunakan Framework COBIT 2019 pada PT. XYZ
Authors: Darmawan Diki , Wijaya Agustinus Fritz
Published: February 2022

Tata kelola teknologi Informasi merupakan langkah mitigasi penyelarasan implementasi teknologi informasi dengan tujuan perusahaan. Tata kelola teknologi informasi yang tepat akan membantu organisasi untuk mampu bersaing dengan kompetitor-kompetitor lain, maka dari itu penerapan tata kelola teknologi menggunakan kerangka kerja COBIT 2019 akan sangat memiliki pengaruh dalam menunjang tujuan perusahaan. Pada kemajuan era industri saat ini banyak sekali kemajuan dan memberikan pengaruh yang bersar terhadap berbagai aspek kehidupan, salah satunya bidang bisnis yaitu munculnya online shop. Sehingga di temukan permasalahan di perusahaan PT. XYZ adalah belum pernah ada tindakan penilaian tata kelola teknologi informasi secara menyeluruh, selain itu juga ditemukan kendala dalam pengelolaan data pesanan dan data stock barang pada perusahaan. Analisa yang dilakukan dengan acuan Governance System Design Workflow yang tertera pada COBIT 2019.
Formulasi Formulasi Dan Evaluasi Sediaan Masker Clay Dari Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pepaya (Carita Papaya L) Dan Labu Kuning (Cucurbita Moschata.)
Authors: Sylvia Br. Ginting Ovalina , Susanti Siregar Siti
Published: February 2022

Kulit wajah merupakan bagian tubuh yang menggambarkan keseluruhan kondisi seseorang. Kulit wajah memerlukan pemeliharaan yang khusus, karena kulit wajah merupakan organ yang sensitive terhadap perlakuan dan rangsangan. Masker kulit wajah merupakan salah satu jenis kosmetika tradisional yang dapat digunakan sebagai perawatan wajah untuk mempertahankan kesehatan kulit wajah.Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimental. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental. Penelitian ini meliputi, pembuatan orientasi basis masker clay, mengkombinasi ekstrak etanol daun papaya dan ekstrak labu kuning menjadi masker clay dengan variasi konsentrasi F0 (0:0), F1 (2:6), F2 (4:4), F3 (6:2) sediaan masker clay, uji evaluasi sediaan meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, uji iritasi pada kulit sukarelawan, pengujian waktu kering dan uji antimikroba. Hasil penelitian menunjukan uji evaluasi sediaan masker clay ektrak daun papaya yang dikombinasi ekstrak etanol labu kuning pada uji homogenitas semua konsentrasi homogen, uji pH menunjukan semua konsentrasi sediaan memenuhi persyaratan pH yakni berkisar antara 5-8, pada uji iritasi semua sediaan tidak menimbulkan kemerahan dan pada uji waktu kering semua sediaan memenuhi persyaratan yakni dibawah 30 menit. Pada uji mikroba terhadap bakteri Propianibacterium acne menunjukan zona hambat yang baik pada sediaan masker F2 yaitu 16mm.Kesimpulan ekstrak etanol daun papaya yang dikombinasi dengan ekstrak etanol labu kuning menunjukan dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif kosmetik dan dapat dijadikan referensi untuk digunakan sebagai kosmetik alami.Kata kunci: kombinasi, daun papaya, labu kuning, sediaan, masker clay
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DETERMINING THE LIPOCALIN ASSOCIATED WITH NEUTROPHIL GELATINASE URINE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND ACUTE ISCHEMIC KIDNEY INJURY
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, E. Brankovskaya ,   Pervomaisky District Cardiological Center, Е. Grigorenko ,   Belarusian State Medical University, T. Statkevich ,   Belarusian State Medical University, L. Kartun ,   Belarusian State Medical University, E. Hodosovskaya ,   Belarusian State Medical University, N. Mitkovskaya ,   Belarusian State Medical University,   Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study was to assess the clinical significance of determining the level of lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase in urine (uNGAL) at the time of hospital admission in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and acute ischemic kidney injury. Methods. The study included 173 patients with STEMI complicated by hemodynamic disorders. 111 of them developed acute ischemic kidney injury (main group), 62 didn’t develop the disorder (comparison group). Blood samples to determine the level of creatinine, as well as urine to determine the level of NGAL were taken upon hospital admission before coronary angiography. Results. Acute ischemic kidney injury was diagnosed in 64.2% of patients with STEMI complicated by hemodynamic disorders. The level of lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase in urine exceeded the reference values in all patients with acute ischemic kidney injury. Moreover, in 18.1% of cases elevated levels of this marker preceded the diagnostically significant increase in creatinine concentration. Threshold values of uNGAL were established allowing us to identify AKI upon hospital admission with high sensitivity and specificity, as well as to predict the development of CKD in the post- discharge period. Conclusion. Acute ischemic kidney injury is a frequent complication of STEMI. Based on the findings of the study uNGAL can be applied as an early marker of acute ischemic kidney injury and a predictor of post-discharge CKD in patients with MI.
A CONTEMPORARY OUTLOOK ON THE POTENTIALITIES OF MICROCIRCULATORY BED EVALUATION AND METHODS FOR CORRECTING DISORDERS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, A. Birulya
Published: February 2022

Investigation of the microcirculatory bed (MVB) has induced heightened interest both theoretical and practical in the medical world of the XX–XXI century. Evaluation of the MVB state has been widely used for revealing pathogenesis and developing an efficient treatment plan in cardiology, diabetology, oncology, dermatovenereology, dentistry, surgery, nephrology, urology, resuscitation and other branches of medicine. It’s worth noticing that evaluation of the microcirculatory parameters should be included into COVID-19 management for optimal medication of the patients especially in severe cases. The article provides a description of the microcirculatory bed, its structure, functions, mechanisms of regulation, causes of damage, and methods for diagnosing disorders. Proper consideration is given to the current techniques used to improve microcirculatory readings. Non-invasive techniques applied in the Republic of Belarus for improving the microcirculatory readings include the method of enhanced external counterpulsation and gravity therapy.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF VARICOCELE: SHUNTING, OCCLUSIVE AND ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS
Authors:   432nd Holder of Order of the Red Star Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, I. Dub , M. Doronin ,   432nd Holder of Order of the Red Star Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, S. Stoma ,   432nd Holder of Order of the Red Star Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, R. Kurlenko ,   432nd Holder of Order of the Red Star Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus
Published: February 2022

The frequency of recurrence after surgical treatment of varicocele reaches 29%. This circumstance encourages the medical community to search for the optimal surgical aid to prevent pathological reflux of blood into the venous plexuses of the testicle from the overlying parts of the vascular network. The operation is indicated in case of presence of the clinical symptoms, the development of orchopathy and disorders of spermatogenesis, regardless of the degree of development of varicocele (WHO classification 2010). Operations aimed at eliminating varicocele are divided into 2 large groups: the first group – preserving the renocaval shunt or shunting operations and the second group – not preserving the renocaval shunt or occlusive operations. Shunting operations include the creation of intervenous anastomoses: proximal, distal and bidirectional. Proximal anastomoses are aimed at eliminating renal venous hypertension as the direct cause of the disease. The imposition of bidirectional and distal anastomoses is considered inappropriate, since in the first case, the time of surgical intervention increases, and in the second case, renal hypertension is not eliminated. Occlusive operations are indicated for primary varicocele and the absence of pronounced venous hypertension. According to the level of vein ligation, they are divided into supra-inguinal and sub-inguinal, by selectivity into selective and non-selective, and by operative access into open, laparoscopic and endovascular. The lowest number of relapses and postoperative complications is observed in sub-inguinal selective and endovascular techniques. They are the most universal ones and eliminate all hemodynamic types of varicocele. Supra-inguinal selective techniques show their high effectiveness in the renospermatic type of varicocele and, unlike sub-inguinal operations, there is no risk of damage to the testicular artery during the operation. Thus, a differentiated approach to choosing the type of surgery reduces the risk of postoperative complications and prevents recurrence of the disease.
AN ELDERLY PATIENT WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: MANAGEMENT DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, N.L. Tsapaeva , Е.B. Petrova ,   Belarusian State Medical University,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology, A.A. Pleshko ,   Belarusian State Medical University,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology
Published: February 2022

An increased number of elderly people in the medical terms means the pre- dominance of pathology in the morbidity structure, which is determined by comorbidity, systemic lesions and an unfavorable prognosis. Comorbid patients are the most vulnerable group with a particularly high risk of adverse outcomes. In the presented review, the problem of management of acute coronary syndro- me (ACS) in elderly patients in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is addressed. The review demonstrates results of randomized clinical trials and registries of recent years, which purposefully included patients with ACS aged ≥ 75 years. Particular attention is paid to the need for a geriatric assessment of patients, the presence and severity of senile asthenia and its influence on the choice of treatment tactics and prognosis. The problem of choosing a method of myocardial revascularization and drug therapy schemes in elderly patients is considered under pandemic conditions. Issues related to drug interactions between drugs for the treatment of acute forms of coronary heart disease and drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 are reflected. In this situation, taking into account the risks of possible drug-drug interactions is of particular importance, which is especially challenging in elderly comorbid pa- tients. Based on the available data, we have analyzed the main trends in the choice of treatment tactics for elderly patients with ACS during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Impacts of Active Satellite Sensors' Low-level Cloud Detection Limitations on Cloud Radiative Forcing
Authors: Liu Yinghui
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Previous studies revealed that satellites sensors with the best detection capability identify 25–40 % and 0–25 % fewer clouds below 0.5 km and between 0.5–1.0 km, respectively, over the Arctic land. Quantifying the impacts of cloud detection limitations on the radiation flux are critical especially over the Arctic Ocean considering the dramatic changes in Arctic sea ice. In this study, the proxies of the space-based radar, CloudSat, and lidar, CALIPSO, cloud masks are derived based on simulated radar reflectivity and cloud optical thickness using retrieved cloud properties from surface-based radar and lidar during the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) experiment. Limitations in low-level cloud detection by the space-based active sensors, and the impact of these limitations on the radiation fluxes at the surface and the top of atmosphere (TOA), are estimated. The results show that the combined CloudSat and CALIPSO product generally detects all clouds above 1 km, while detecting 25 % (9 %) fewer in absolute values below 600 m (600 m to 1 km) than surface observations. These detection limitations lead to uncertainties in the monthly mean cloud radiative forcing (CRF), with maximum absolute monthly mean values of 2.7 Wm−2 and 4.0 Wm−2 at the surface and TOA, respectively. The uncertainties for individual cases are larger – up to 30 Wm−2. Cloud information from only the CALIPSO or the CloudSat leads to larger cloud detection differences compared to the surface observations, and larger CRF uncertainties with absolute monthly means larger than 10.0 Wm−2. These uncertainties need to be considered when radiation flux products from CloudSat and CALIPSO are used in climate and weather studies.