bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiologists Detect A Higher Frequency of Incidental Findings On Radiotherapy-Planning CT Scans of Breast Cancer Patients Than Oncologist
Authors: Nyby Stine , Hansen Signe Hertz , Yammeni Sophie , Delekta Agnieszka Monika , Naujokaite Gintare , Falkmer Ursula G. , Bøgsted Martin , Carus Andreas
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Breast cancer patients scheduled for postoperative radiotherapy undergo radiotherapy-planning computed tomography (CT), and incidental findings (IFs) may appear. This study investigated the interobserver variability between radiologists and oncologists when assessing IFs on radiotherapy-planning CT scans in breast cancer patients prior to adjuvant radiotherapy. Methods: We included 383 breast cancer patients who underwent planning CT at the Aalborg University Hospital between February 1, 2017 and February 28, 2018. IFs noted by the oncologists were identified from medical records. Two specialized radiologists reviewed the scans and described their IFs. IFs were classified as benign or potential malignant lesions. Cohen’s kappa statistic was used to measure interobserver agreement.Results: A total of 513 IFs were registered. The radiologists registered 433 findings, and the oncologists noted 80 (1.1 and 0.2 IFs per patient, respectively). Most potential malignant IFs were found in the liver, lungs, bones, and lymph nodes. The radiologists and oncologists detected potential malignant lesions in 94 (25%) and 34 (9%) patients, respectively. The oncologists’ sensitivity for detecting IFs in the liver and lungs were 29% and 20%, respectively. The agreements on IFs in the liver and lungs were fair (Cohen’s kappa values of 0.33 and 0.28, respectively).Conclusion: Radiologists reported a significantly higher frequency of IFs and potential malignant lesions than oncologists. Additionally, the oncologists had a low sensitivity when reporting IFs in both the liver and lungs. These results emphasize the need for specialized radiologists to scrutinize planning CT scans of breast cancer patients to ensure the intention to treat.
Monitoring and Ecological Risks of Heavy Metals of Urban Soils in Different Functional Areas Based on Plasma Technology
Authors: Jin Meng-Ting , Yuan Hao , Xu Quan , Xu Li-Ping , Yang De-Zheng
Published: January 2022

Heavy metal pollution in soil has become a global environmental problem in recent years. This study assessed heavy metals' pollution distribution, level and ecological risk in soils from different functional areas in Shihezi City, China. Heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, and Cd) were measured using atmospheric pressure discharge plasma and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The mean concentration of all heavy metals in soil was higher than heavy metals' background values. The spatial distribution of Cr is the most different, and the distribution of Cu and Zn are similar in other functional regions. The single pollution index indicated that the heavy metals in industrial, traffic, and residential areas were enriched, and the pollution of Cd was more severe than others. The Nemerow pollution index showed that the near Manas River basin coast is alert (still clean), the industrial area is moderately polluted, and all other functional areas are lightly polluted. The potential ecological risk index demonstrated that only the nearshore Manas River Basin is at a mild ecological risk level, while all other functional areas are at a moderate ecological risk level. The determinate power of DEM, temperature, and precipitation were all over 65%, which meant that the topographic and climatic factors were the main factors affecting the change of heavy metal content. Secondly, socio-economic factors are important factors to promote the change of heavy metal content in soil.
The relationship between white tongue and gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Jamali Raika , Goodarzi Neda , Jamali Arsia , Moslemi Neda
Published: January 2022

Background

Signs of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are limited, therefore, follow up of treatment are mainly based on patients’ symptoms. The aims of study were: 1) to compare the prevalence of white tongue (WT) between individuals with GERD and control group, 2) to evaluate the correlation between WT extension and severity of symptoms in GERD.
Materials and methods

This case-control study consisted of 100 consecutive individuals with GERD who were referred to the gastroenterology clinic of a referral hospital during 2019-2020. The diagnosis of GERD was made by a gastroenterologist if heart burn or regurgitation existed. The same number of healthy accompanies of patients without GERD participated as the control group. A single examiner defined WT if whitish-gray discoloration of tongue surface existed in two separate sessions [Kappa = 0.93; p < 0.01]. WT extension was estimated based on the approximate white discoloration of the tongue surface.
Results

All participants with GERD showed white tongue in the first observation and 98% in the second observation, while only 5% of the individuals in the control group revealed WT in both observations (p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between the WT extension and GERD symptom severity (r: 0.44; p < 0.001).
Conclusion

It seems that WT might be a reliable sign of GERD. Considering the association between GERD symptoms severity and the extent of WT in this observation, further studies may assess the utility of WT extension as a reasonable objective in monitoring treatment response.
Ancestral SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells cross-recognize Omicron (B.1.1.529)
Authors: Gao Yu , Cai Curtis , Grifoni Alba , Müller Thomas , Niessl Julia , Olofsson Anna , Humbert Marion , Hansson Lotta , Österborg Anders , Bergman Peter , Chen Puran , Olsson Annika , Sandberg Johan K. , Weiskopf Daniela , Price David A. , Ljunggren Hans-Gustaf , Karlsson Annika C. , Sette Alessandro , Aleman Soo , Buggert Marcus
Published: January 2022

The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 variant-of-concern Omicron (B.1.1.529) has destabilized global efforts to control the impact of COVID-19. Recent data have suggested that B.1.1.529 can readily infect people with naturally acquired or vaccine-induced immunity, facilitated in some cases by viral escape from antibodies that neutralize ancestral SARS-CoV-2. However, severe disease appears to be relatively uncommon in such individuals, highlighting a potential role for other components of the adaptive immune system. We report here that SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells induced by prior infection and, more extensively, by mRNA vaccination provide comprehensive heterologous immune reactivity against B.1.1.529. Pairwise comparisons across groups further revealed that SARS-CoV-2 spike-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells exhibited similar functional attributes, memory distributions, and phenotypic traits in response to the ancestral strain or B.1.1.529. Our data indicate that established SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, especially after mRNA vaccination, remain largely intact against B.1.1.529.
Performance Modelling and Design Techniques for Efficiency Improvement in On-chip Switched-Capacitor DC-DC Converter
Authors: Saini Sunita , Saini Davinder Singh
Published: January 2022

Fundamental charge vector method analysis is a single parameter optimization technique limited to conduction loss assuming all frequency-dependent switching (parasitic) loss negligible. This paper investigates a generalized structure to design DC-DC SC converters based on conduction and switching loss. A new technique is proposed to find the optimum value of switching frequency and switch size to calculate target load current and output voltage that maximize the efficiency. The analysis is done to identify switching frequency and switch size for two-phase 2:1 series-parallel SC converter for a target load current of 2.67mA implemented on a 22nm technology node. Results show that a minimum of 250MHz switching frequency is required for target efficiency more than 90% and the output voltage greater than 0.85V where the switch size of a unit cell corresponds to 10Ω on-resistance. MATLAB and PSpice simulation tools are used for results and validation.
Toxicity Evaluation of Chlorpyrifos Metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol to Eisenia Fetida in Different Soils
Authors: Hou Kaixuan , Yang Yue , Zhu Lei , Wu Ruolin , Du Zhongkun , Li Bing , Zhu Lusheng , Sun Shujuan
Published: January 2022

The present study utilized a biomarker response method to evaluate the effect of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) in artificial and natural soils on Eisenia fetida after 7, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days exposure. Results indicated that TCP induced excessive reactive oxygen species, caused oxidative stress and DNA damage to Eisenia fetida. Biomarker responses were standardized to calculate the Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index. The IBR index of three enzymes activities showed that TCP induced the enzymes activities of earthworm in red clay was stronger than the other three soils. Specifically, chlorpyrifos exposure group showed a lower toxicity than TCP exposure group after 28 days exposure but a higher toxicity than TCP exposure group after 56 days exposure. Despite the deficiencies of this study, the above information is of great significance for assessing the risk of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite TCP pollution in soil ecosystems.
Microsatellite Instability as a Maker of Prognosis: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer Survival Data
Authors: Xiao Jing-ping , Wang Ji-sheng , Zhao Yuan-yu , Du Jiang , Wang Yunzi
Published: January 2022

Introduction To investigate whether microsatellite instability (MSI) is an important prognostic biomarker for endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).Methods The PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Cooperative Library databases were searched from inception to July 2021. Overall survival, disease-free survival, progression-free survival, EEC-specific survival, recurrence-free survival and the recurrence rate were pooled to analyze the correlation between MSI and EEC. In addition, Egger’s regression analysis and Begg’s test were used to detect publication bias.Results 17 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in our meta-analysis with a sample size of 4723, and the included patients with endometrioid cancer (EC) all were EEC. The pooled hazard ratios (HR) in patients with EEC shown that MSI was significantly associated with shorter overall survival [HR=1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.00-1.86), p=0.048, I2=60.6%], shorter disease-free survival [HR=1.99, 95% CI (1.31-3.01), p=0.000, I2=67.2%], shorter EEC-specific survival [HR=2.07, 95% CI (1.35-3.18), p=0.001, I2=31.6%] and a higher recurrence rate [Odds ratios (OR)=2.72, 95% CI (1.56-4.76), p=0.000, I2=0.0%]. In the early-stage EEC subgroup, MSI was significantly associated with shorter overall survival [HR=1.47, 95% CI (1.11-1.95), p=0.07], shorter disease-free survival [HR=4.17, 95% CI (2.37-7.41), p=0.000], and shorter progression-free survival [HR=2.41, 95% CI (1.05-5.54), p=0.039]. No significant heterogeneity was observed in overall survival (I2=20.9%), disease-free survival (I2=0.0%), or progression-free survival (I2=0.0%) in patients with early-stage EEC. Meanwhile, publication bias was not observed, and the p-value for Egger’s test of overall survival, disease-free survival, and EEC-specific survival were p=0.131, p=0.068 and p=0.987, respectively.Conclusion MSI is likely an important biomarker for poor prognosis in patients with EEC, and this correlation is even more certain in patients with early-stage EEC.
Comprehensive Genome-wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of CCHC Zinc Finger Gene Family in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Sun Aolong , Li Yongliang , Zou Xiaoxiao , Chen Fenglin , Cai Ruqiong , Xie Hai , Xiao Wenjun , Guo Xinhong
Published: January 2022

Background: The CCHC zinc finger proteins (CCHC-ZFPs) are transcription factors that play versatile roles in plant growth, development, and responses to biotic/abiotic stress. However, little is known about the CCHC-ZF genes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), an important food crop.Results: In this study, 50 TaCCHC-ZF genes were identified and distributed unevenly on 21 wheat chromosomes. According to the phylogenetic features, the 50 TaCCHC-ZF genes were classified into eight groups with specific motifs and gene structures. 43 TaCCHC-ZF genes were identified as segmentally duplicated genes that formed 36 segmental duplication gene pairs. Additionally, the collinearity analyses between wheat and eight other representative plant species showed that wheat had closer phylogenetic relationships with monocots compared to dicots. A total of 636 cis-elements related to environmental stress and phytohormone responsiveness were identified in the promoter of TaCCHC-ZF genes. Moreover, GO enrichment results revealed that all 50 TaCCHC-ZF genes were annotated under metal ion binding and nucleic acid binding. 91 miRNA binding sites within the 34 TaCCHC-ZF genes were identified by miRNA targets analyses, indicating that the expression of TaCCHC-ZF genes could be regulated by the miRNAs. Based on published transcriptome data, 38 TaCCHC-ZF genes were identified as DEGs, and 15 TaCCHC-ZF genes among them were verified by qRT-PCR assays, which showed response to drought, heat, or simultaneous response of them.Conclusions: This study systematically explored the gene structures, evolutionary characteristics, and potential roles during environmental responses of TaCCHC-ZF genes, providing a foundation for further investigation and application of TaCCHC-ZF genes in the molecular breeding of T. aestivum.
AXL/GAS6 Inhibition Induces Apoptosis and Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Migration by Blocking the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways in Thyroid Cancer Cells in Vivo
Authors: Zhang Zhenhua , Su Zijie , Zhang Ji
Published: January 2022

Background: The Gas6/Axl-PI3K/Akt pathway is known as one of the most critical molecular signaling pathways involved in the regulation of key cellular processes. GAS6 has emerged as the perfect target for many malignancy treatments, but its role in thyroid cancer remains less described. This study aimed to evaluate both knockdown and overexpression effects of GAS6 on thyroid cancer cell proliferation, migration, and viability.Methods: Both RT-PCR and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate mRNA and protein expressions of GAS6; cell viability was assessed by MTT assay; then, TUNEL apoptosis, Transwell and migration assays were monitored to determine the effects of GAS6 knockdown or GAS6 overexpression on 850-5C and CAL62 thyroid cancer cells. Results: The mRNAs and protein expressions of GAS6 were the highest in CAL62 cancer cells. AXL/GAS6 knockdown through the application of siGAS6 and XL184, an AXL inhibitor, strongly diminished the proliferation and migration levels of CAL62 by inducing cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, overexpression of GAS6 produced the inversed effects, and the protein levels of PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT were significantly up and downregulated, accordingly. Conclusion: GAS6 inhibition promotes apoptosis and represses the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells by activating PI3K/AKT pathway; thus, provides a novel target for thyroid cancer therapy.
The Role of Neutrophil Elastase in Aortic Valve Calcification
Authors: Liu Yan , Jiang Peng , An Liqin , Zhu Mengying , Li Jin , Wang Yue , Huang Qin , Xiang Yi , Li Xiaorong , Shi Qiong , Weng Yaguang
Published: January 2022

Background: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most commonly valvular disease in the western countries initiated by inflammation and abnormal calcium deposition. Currently, there is no clinical drugs for CAVD. Neutrophil elastase(NE) plays a causal role in inflammation and participates actively in cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of NE on valve calcification remains unclear. So we next explore whether it is involved in valve calcification and the molecular mechanisms involved.Methods: NE expression and activity in calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) patients (n=58) and healthy patients (n=30) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Porcine aortic valve interstitial cells (pVICs) were isolated and used in vitro expriments. The effects of NE on pVICs inflammation, apoptosis and calcification were detected by hochest 33258 staining, MTT assay, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot. The effects of NE knockdown and NE activity inhibitor Alvelestat on pVICs inflammation, apoptosis and calcification under osteogenic medium induction were also detected by RT-PCR, western blot, alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining. Changes of Intracellular signaling pathways after NE treatment were measured by western blot.Results: The level and activity of NE were evaluated in patients with CAVS and calcified valve tissues. NE promoted inflammation, apoptosis and phenotype transition in pVICs in the presence or absence of osteogenic medium. Under osteogenic medium induction, NE silencing or NE inhibitor Alvelestat both suppressed the osteogenic differentiation of pVICs. Mechanically, NE played its role in promoting osteogenic differentiation of pVICs by activating the NF-κB and AKT signaling pathway.Conclusions: Collectively, NE is highly involved in the pathogenesis of valve calcification. Targeting NE such as Alvelestat may be a potential treatment for CAVD.
Aspectos gerais da Síndrome de Treacher Collins e seus impactos na qualidade de vida: revisão de literatura
Authors: Moreira Amanda de Almeida Prazeres , Marques Suzie Clara da Silva , Nóbrega Marina Tavares Costa
Published: January 2022

A Síndrome de Treacher Collins é um distúrbio de desenvolvimento de herança autossômica dominante, que ocorre devido à mutação do gene TCOF1. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi abordar um panorama geral sobre a Síndrome de Treacher Collins, por intermédio de uma revisão de literatura, destacando os principais sintomas clínicos e suas consequências nas distintas esferas na qualidade de vida do indivíduo acometido. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão de literatura, embasada na análise e coleta de dados, por meio das plataformas digitais: Sciello, PubMed e Lilacs. Constata-se que a anomalia em estudo possui uma expressividade variável, podendo manifestar alterações respiratórias, mastigatórias, oftalmológicas e auditivas, devido a mutações no primeiro e segundo arco branquial. Esse quadro torna os indivíduos da síndrome mais propensos a desenvolverem problemas psicológicos não só em virtude dos preconceitos sociais existentes, mas também pelo complexo e multiprofissional tratamento no qual devem ser submetidos para melhores condições de vida.
Trigeminal Herpes Zoster: Case Report
Authors: Killner Marcos André , Sum Fernanda Noguez , Melzer Rafaela Savio , Milani Cintia Mussi
Published: January 2022

Herpes Zoster is an acute, self-limiting, viral infection caused by the reactivation of the Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) that remains latent in the dorsal root ganglion. It commonly affects the older people and immunocompromised individuals. Diabetes patients present an increased risk for Herpes Zoster due to their impaired cell-mediated immunity.  Clinically it manifests with tingling, pruritus and painful vesicular eruptions along the affected nerve. The most commonly affected dermatomes are the thoracic and lumbar; trigeminal nerve can be involved and the ophtalmic nerve is the mostly affected. The diagnosis is based on clinical examination and laboratory confirmation. Treatment consists of antiviral therapy and is indicated to reduce acute pain symptoms, limit the spread and duration of the lesions, and prevent complications. The objective of the present study was to present a case report of Herpes Zoster involving the first and second division of the trigeminal nerve, in a 55 year old, male, diabetes patient.
Odontoma complexo: relato de caso
Authors: Barros Maylson Alves Nogueira , Teslenco Vitor Bruno , Cavalcanti Herbert de Abreu , Reis Guilherme Nucci , Pancini Everton Floriano
Published: January 2022

Introdução: Os odontomas são lesões benignas de crescimento lento, compreendem uma alteração de desenvolvimento e sua estrutura é formada por esmalte, dentina e cemento, geralmente são assintomáticos, associados a dentes erupcionados ou não, sendo diagnosticada em exames de rotina, devido atraso das erupções dos dentes adjacente. Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever o tratamento de um odontoma complexo em mandíbula de grande proporção, através da enucleação com acesso extra oral. Relato de Caso: Uma paciente do gênero feminino, 15 anos, buscou atendimento referindo aumento de volume na região mandibular esquerda, associado quadro de dor, e dormência do lábio inferior e o atraso da erupção do dente.  A anamnese negava alergias, comorbidades e ou trauma na região mandibular esquerda. Com a hipóteses de diagnóstico de odontoma complexo, foi proposto então tratamento através da enucleação da lesão com acesso submandibular sob anestesia geral. Conclusão: O tratamento conservador, através da enucleação foi eficaz, a paciente permaneceu em um acompanhamento clinico e radiográfico durante um ano, sem manifestações clinicas ou radiográficas de recidiva ou complicações
Chemical injury induced by the use of topical imiquimod: case report
Authors: Morais Anne Diollina Araújo , Sousa Gabrielle Oliveira , Aguiar Valdelya Nara Pereira , Chaves Filipe Nobre , Sampieri Marcelo Bonifácio da Silva , Oliveira Denise Hélen Imaculada Pereira
Published: January 2022

Chemical injury consists in damage caused by a substance when it comes into contact with living tissue. Certain drugs can cause this type of lesion in the oral mucosa. Imiquimod (INN) is an example. Erythema, edema, vesicles, erosions, ulcerations and inflammatory reactions are among the adverse effects associated with the use of INN. Nevertheless, since its effects disappear when terminating treatment, INN is still considered an essential drug in the treatment of condyloma acuminata, actinic cheilitis, superficial basal cell carcinoma and molluscum contagiosum. The objective of this work is to report a clinical case of a 34-year-old male patient presenting a symptomatic lesion on the lower and upper lip mucosa; while including a literature review on potential adverse effects when prescribing topical INN 5% for the oral mucosa.
Implications of the use of Strontium Ranelate (SRAN) in periodontics, dental implantology, oral surgery, orthodontics and endodontics and its possibility of application as storage media for avulsed teeth
Authors: Britto Amanda Cristine dos Santos , Lacerda Priscila Bruna Gonçalves , Batista Victor Eduardo de Souza , Martins Christine Men
Published: January 2022

Dental avulsion is still public health problem and tooth replantation has important unsuccess rates due to root resorption. Strontium ranelate (SRAN) presents antiresorptive property on the bone tissue and stimulates bone formation. So we aimed to comprehensively review the literature to 1- understand the mechanism of action of SRAN regarding to its propaedeutic in periodontics, dental implantology, oral surgery, orthodontics and endodontics, 2- present the current scientific knowledge about the SRAN efficiency on tooth avulsion; 3- observe fails and gaps in the literature and open up for unexplored ideas for SRAN uses and applications. An electronic search was performed crossing the key words ‘strontium ranelate’, ‘periodontics’, ‘dental implantology’, ‘oral surgery’, ‘orthodontics’ and ‘endodontics’, PubMed/Medline, Lilacs and BBO electronic databases were searched for research articles, reviews of literature, animal laboratory studies and laboratory studies, which had been published in English until July 2020. Twenty-five articles fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The available literature demonstrates that SRAN provides a really better propaedeutic on the bone tissue and that the topical applications show a lower risk of side effects. That open up new perspectives and for the use of SRAN as a potential storage media for avulsed teeth.
Remoção cirúrgica de dente supranumerário incluso em região de mandíbula: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Sousa Ygor Alexandre Beserra de , Santos Carlus Alberto Oliveira dos , Rolim Ana Karina Almeida , Barbosa Jussara da Silva , Bezerra Silva Diego Filipe , Lima Wliana Pontes de
Published: January 2022

Introdução. Os dentes supranumerários (DS) são definidos como dentes ou qualquer estrutura odontogênica que estão em excesso em determinada região da arcada dentária. Dependendo da localização anatômica, os DS podem ocasionar falhas na erupção, diastemas, reabsorção radicular, deslocamento dos dentes adjacentes, dilaceração e formação de lesões odontogênicas. Nestes casos, o tratamento de escolha é a exodontia do DS. Objetivo. Relatar um caso de exodontia de DS incluso assintomático em região posterior de mandíbula.  Relato do caso. Paciente do sexo masculino, 28 anos de idade, foi encaminhado por um ortodontista para realização de exodontia de DS incluso na região dos dentes 33 a 35, identificado por meio de radiografia panorâmica. A tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) revelou inclinação distal e posição transversal do DS, cuja coroa estava localizada entre os dentes 34 e 35, com raiz próxima ao ápice radicular do dente 33 e proximidade com o forame mentual e com a raiz do dente 34. Diante da necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico, realizou-se a exodontia do referido dente. O paciente retornou após oito dias para remoção das suturas, sem relatar queixas. Decorridos 60 dias após a cirurgia, o paciente não referiu qualquer sintomatologia na região onde o DS havia sido extraído. Conclusão. O DS é uma das anomalias de desenvolvimento mais comuns em humanos. Ressalta-se a importância dos exames imaginológicos para a identificação e localização precisa deste tipo de anomalia, sendo essencial no caso ora relatado, em que esses exames foram essenciais para o diagnóstico e correto planejamento cirúrgico.
Atividade antimicrobiana da nanopartícula de prata incorporada a resinas compostas na Odontologia Restauradora: revisão integrativa
Authors: Correia José Ruan Cunha , Lima Karlos Eduardo Rodrigues , Lemos Marcelo Victor Sidou , Dinelly Érika Matias Pinto , Fontes Natasha Muniz , Mendes Talita Arrais Daniel
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: revisar a literatura de forma integrativa para o estudo da atividade antibacteriana de compósitos resinosos com nanopartículas de prata incorporadas em sua composição. Metodologia: realizou-se três buscas distintas na literatura nas bases de dados Pubmed, Science Direct e Google Acadêmico, sendo que na primeira utilizou-se as palavras-chave “Antibacterials-agents, composite resins” na base de dados Pubmed, combinadas entre si pelo operador booleano “OR”. Resultando em 52 estudos sem restrição de período que, após leitura crítica de títulos e resumos, selecionou-se 6 destes. Já no Science Direct, utilizou-se as palavras-chave “bacterial agentes” e “composite resins”, combinadas pelo operador booleano “OR”. Foram encontrados 110 estudos sem restrições de período que, após leitura crítica de títulos e resumos, selecionou-se 4. Por fim, no Google Acadêmico utilizou-se as palavras-chave “composite resins”, “silver” e “atibacterial agentes” combinadas pelo operador booleano “AND”, resultando em um total de 20 estudos, sem restrição de período, que após leitura criteriosa de títulos e resumos, selecionou-se 2. Resultados: Pode-se notar que com a implementação nanopartículas de prata em resinas compostas há um aumento significante na resistência contra Streptococus mutans e melhoras nas propriedades mecânicas destes materiais. Considerações finais: Os estudos comprovaram a eficácia da utilização das NP incorporadas em compósitos resinosos.
Comparison of the hydrocolloids application efficiency for stabilizing the foam of beer
Authors: Kosiv Ruslana
Published: January 2022

Subject of research: technology of high gravity brewing, developed to improve production efficiency and reduce energy consumption. This technology has a wide range of benefits, from improving process economics to reducing environmental impact.

Investigated problem: despite the presence of significant advantages, there are a number of problems in the technology of high gravity brewing that need to be solved. The main problem is to reduce the foam stability of the resulting beer, which, together with the appearance, aroma and taste, is the most important attributes of the quality of the beverage for the consumer.

The stability and texture of the foam depend, among other things, on the quality of grain and hop raw materials, and the course of technological processes. Elevated levels of key malt proteins (LTP1, Z4 and Z7) and hop α-acids have a positive effect on foam quality. Yeast protease A has a negative effect. Yeast secretes this enzyme to a greater extent during fermentation of high gravity wort, which may be one of the reasons for the decrease in foam stability in high gravity brewing.

High molecular weight a- and b-glucans with hydrophilic properties can play an important role in foam stabilization. They increase the viscosity of the liquid, slow down its drainage from the foam segments and thereby increase the foam retention.

Main scientific results: the effect of hydrocolloids (highly methoxylated pectin, carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, guar gum, a mixture of xanthan and guar gum) on foam performance and beer filtration rate was investigated. The advantages of pectin as an additive allowing to stabilize beer foam, in particular, in high gravity - brewing, have been established. The recommended dosage of the additive is 0.4-1 g/hl. Highly methoxylated pectin is a good alternative to the currently widespread use of propylene glycol alginate.

The area of practical implementation of the research results: brewing companies.

Innovative technological product: highly methoxylated pectin as a stabilizing additive for beer foam.

Scope of application of the innovative technological product: the use of highly methoxylated pectin as additives that stabilize beer foam, in particular in high gravity brewing.
Development of a recipe for a multicomponent mixture "Solodok +" to improve the consumer properties of bakery products
Authors: Bilyk Olena , Bondarenko Yulia , Kochubei-Lytvynenko Oksana , Burchenko Liudmyla
Published: January 2022

The object of research is the technology of bakery products enriched with a mixture of germinated grains of wheat, corn, barley and oats.

Investigated problem: The problem of using a mixture of germinated grains is the formation of a closure sticky crumb in baked goods with a mixture. The reason for this is the high activity in the mixture of amylolytic and proteolytic enzymes.

The solution to the problem consists in the developed multicomponent mixture (MM) to improve the consumer properties of bakery products, the formulation of which includes 15 % of the flour mass of the germinated grain mixture.

Main scientific results: On the basis of experimental studies, the formulation of the "Solodok+" multicomponent mixture has been developed. The mixture contains: chicory inulin, dry milk whey enriched with Mg and Mn, apple pectin, phosphatide concentrate, enzyme preparation Deltamalt FN-A 50 and ascorbic acid. The optimal dose of the "Solodok+" MM for bakery products is 2.5 % by weight of flour.

The area of practical use of the research results: "Solodok+" MM is recommended to be used in the production of bakery products enriched with sprouted grains at enterprises of the bakery industry of various capacities.

An innovative technological product: "Solodok+" MM helps not only to reduce the stickiness of the crumb, improve its porosity, increase the volume of products, but also lengthen the freshness of unpackaged products.

Scope of application of the innovative technological product: Bakery products with a mixture of sprouted grains and "Solodok+" MM have increased nutritional value, high consumer properties and are intended for a wide range of consumers.
The "competence" concept in the educational system of European countries within a competence-oriented approach
Authors: Spyrydonova Yevheniia
Published: January 2022

The object of research is the concept of "competence" in the educational system of different countries.

Investigated problem. Theoretical generalization of the concept of "competence" and the peculiarities of its formation in the process of professional training of applicants for higher education in European countries. Creation of a model of professional training for applicants for education of the first (bachelor's) level.

Main scientific results. The definition of the concepts "competence" and "legal competence", which are most often used in pedagogical research, has been analyzed. The definition of "competence" within the competence-oriented approach is given. The competence-based approach in education is understood as training not just a specialist with a system of knowledge, but a high-level professional and a comprehensively developed personality. A model for the formation of legal competence of applicants for higher education has been created. Through the introduction of innovative methods into educational processes, the legal thinking of bachelors is developing. Legal competence presupposes a set of knowledge, skills, characteristics acquired by students in the learning process, necessary to perform certain actions in order to solve problems, tasks, situations in accordance with the prescriptions of the rule of law. The formation of a system of knowledge, abilities, skills, methods of activity in students in the learning process are significant. This requires both their psychological "restructuring" and the improvement of curricula and educational technologies. The traditional teaching of lectures and the conduct of seminars should be complemented by elective courses and special courses.

The area of practical implementation of the research results. Formation of competencies in the process of professional training of applicants for higher education of the first (bachelor's) level in order to achieve programmatic learning outcomes, apply the acquired knowledge in future professional activities and everyday life.

Innovative technological product. Creation of a training model for applicants for higher education based on a competence-oriented approach.

Application area of an innovative technological product. Introduction of the educational model into the process of professional training of applicants for higher education of the first (bachelor's) level in order to promote the creation and strengthening of legal culture and creativity of students.
OFICINAS INTERDISCIPLINARES REMOTAS: O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS PARA PESSOAS COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA E A BUSCA PELA INCLUSÃO
Authors: Soares Lemos Shaw Gisele , Maria de Oliveira Letícia
Published: January 2022

A pandemia de COVID-19 gerou novas formas de ensinar e aprender, o que ocorreu, inclusive, em cursos de formação de professores, nas universidades. Tendo em vista propiciar formação inclusiva de treze licenciandos em ciências da natureza relatou-se experiências de oficinas pedagógicas interdisciplinares e  inclusivas para estudantes autistas e não autistas, realizadas de forma remotas e suas contribuições à mudanças das percepções de autismo desses estudantes de licenciatura. Essas oficinas ocorreram no âmbito da disciplina acadêmica Núcleo Temático Inclusivo no Ensino de Ciências, que possui caráter de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Os dados foram coletados por materiais produzidos por esses estudantes, observação e questionários. Os mesmos foram analisados por análise de conteúdo. Foi observado que esses licenciandos possuíam conhecimentos sobre o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e, apesar de surgirem ideias estereotipadas sobre pessoas com TEA, verificou-se ampliação de suas percepções, exceto em dois casos.
ATIVIDADE EXPERIMENTAL PROBLEMATIZADA (AEP): DISCUSSÕES PEDAGÓGICAS E DIDÁTICAS DE UMA ASSERÇÃO DE SISTEMATIZAÇÃO VOLTADA AO ENSINO EXPERIMENTAL DAS CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Silva da Silva André Luís , Garcez de Moura Paulo Rogério , Del Pino José Cláudio
Published: January 2022

Consideradas as interfaces entre discussões pedagógicas e didáticas (praxiológicas) como oportunas à qualidade do processo de ensino, aqui configuradas como constituintes de uma Cultura Educacional, tendo em vista a garantia dos meios e métodos para fins de aprendizagem, neste artigo é apresentada a Atividade Experimental Problematizada (AEP), caracterizada como uma proposta de sistematização teórico-metodológica voltada ao ensino das Ciências, nas particularidades da experimentação. Para tanto, sob o âmbito de uma pesquisa teórica amparada por fundamentos bibliográficos qualitativos, em caráter propositivo e reflexivo, se discute a asserção da AEP, cuja tessitura articula pressupostos próprios da Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa e da Epistemologia de Thomas Kuhn, pretendendo-se, como resultado do processo da instrução em ambientes formais de ensino, a produção de interpretações, significados e sentidos em Ciências, a partir dos quais deverão ser desenvolvidos modos mais complexos e satisfatórios de reflexão e posicionamento individual em sociedade.
INDAGAÇÃO DIALÓGICA DE GORDON WELLS EM PROCESSOS FORMATIVOS COM PROFESSORES: INTERLOCUÇÕES COM A COMUNIDADE CIENTÍFICA INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Arrieche Fazio Anahy , Heckler Valmir , Galiazzi Maria do Carmo
Published: January 2022

O estudo comunica, em perspectiva fenomenológica hermenêutica, o que se mostra da indagação dialógica de Gordon Wells em comunicações da comunidade científica internacional que envolvam processos formativos. Desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa exploratória-descritiva a partir das 10 obras mais citadas do autor na base de dados do Google Acadêmico. Foram selecionados 119 trabalhos, lidos integralmente e organizados em sínteses, traduzidas para língua portuguesa, evidenciando os aspectos teórico-práticos da indagação dialógica em cada um deles. Emergiram do processo da análise cinco  categorias: i) Escrita, Leitura e Comunicação via Ferramentas Tecnológicas; ii) A Interatividade e a Colaboração em Redes; iii) Desenvolvimento Profissional em Comunidades; iv) Aprendizagem Colaborativa no Ensino de Ciências; v) Tutoria e Mediação no Desenvolvimento Profissional. Os aspectos que se mostram em relação aos contextos em que a indagação dialógica de Gordon Wells é integrada fornecem pistas para que seja possível compreender o desenvolvimento profissional em um viés dialógico, social e colaborativo em ambientes com sujeitos diferentes.
INICIAÇÃO À DOCÊNCIA: IMPORTÂNCIA DA CONSTRUÇÃO DE SABERES RELACIONADOS À PRÁTICA DOCENTE
Authors: Molina Lopes Tanes Talita , Terra Werner Elias
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os saberes docentes construídos ao decorrer das atividades desenvolvidas por egressos do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) no subprojeto “PIBID Biologia-Alegre” do Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde (CCENS) da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES). A pesquisa tem caráter qualitativo, caracterizada por um estudo de caso. O levantamento de dados foi realizado através de questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas e as informações foram analisadas através da análise de conteúdo, a partir de quatro categorias: saberes da formação profissional, saberes curriculares, saberes disciplinares e saberes experienciais. Os entrevistados relataram experiências formativas durante a participação no PIBID que possibilitaram a construção de saberes inerentes à prática docente e ressignificação de conceitos e aspectos relacionados ao saber-fazer docente, a partir da vivência em sala de aula. Ainda, a construção desses saberes possibilitou a compreensão de atividades que auxiliam a função, como o planejamento e organização; utilização de diferentes metodologias e recursos; conhecimento curricular e científico contextualizados e; interação com alunos e demais sujeitos que compõem o ambiente escolar. Logo, conclui-se que o PIBID auxilia a prática docente, caracterizando-se como espaço formativo de construção e desenvolvimento de saberes docentes essenciais à profissão.
THE INTERNATIONAL POPULARISATION OF LESSON STUDY: EARLY STUDIES AND THEIR RELEVANCE IN LATER LITERATURE
Authors: Hervas Gabriel
Published: January 2022

Lesson study (LS) is a teachers’ professional development practice with a Japanese origin that, at present, is practiced in more than 30 countries. Literature on LS acknowledges the works of Stigler and Hiebert and of Yoshida in 1999 as the origin of its internationalization. However, earlier studies described its practice and have mostly remained under the radar of LS previous researcher. This historical and documentary literature review sheds light on these previous studies describing LS, analyses their bibliometric relevance, and uncovers the first use of ‘lesson study’ as the terminology adopted in the international literature. Results reveal eight studies clearly describing LS before 1999 and more oblique references in the 1980s. ‘Lesson study’ appeared first in 1997, but we make the case for the previous use of other terminology. Findings also show that only those studies written by authors who later became key in the field of LS have received a high number of citations. These results bring attention to LS-related literature that has infrequently been cited, granting it recognition in the international history of LS, and expanding our current view in relation to its practice.
NANKİNG’İN İŞGALİ VE TÜRK BASINI (1937-1938) THE INVASION OF NANKING AND TURKISH PRESS (1937-1938)
Authors: BENHÜR Çağatay , ERASLAN Metehan
Published: January 2022

20. yüzyılın ortalarına yaklaşırken dünyanın emperyalist söylemlerle giderek gerginleştiği bir dönemde Japonya Temmuz 1937’de Çin içlerine doğru yürüyerek bir istila hareketi başlatmıştır. Batılı ülkelerin sessizliği ve Milletler Cemiyeti’nin bu girişimle ilgili caydırıcı bir karar alamaması Japonya’nın giderek Çin üzerinde yayılmasına ve dozu giderek artan şiddet olaylarına imza atmasına sebep olmuştur. Pekin, Şanghay ve sonra dönemin başkenti Nanking Japonya tarafından işgal edilmiştir. Nanking’in işgali sırasında Japon orduları tarafından birçok sivil, işkence ve tecavüze uğratılarak öldürülmüş ve bu olay tarihe Nanking Katliamı olarak geçmiştir. Türk basını da dünya ile beraber Çin-Japon Savaşı’nın başından itibaren Uzakdoğu’da yaşanan olayları yakından takip etmiş ve değerlendirmelerde bulunmuştur. Bu istila hareketini Japonya’nın asıl hedefi olan Sovyet Rusya’dan bir önceki basamak olarak gören Türk basını Avrupa ve Amerika’nın müdahalesi halinde bunun bir dünya savaşı getireceği tahmininde bulunmuştur. Japon ordusunun Nanking kapılarından içeri girişini ve şehrin düşüşünü ayrıntılı olarak veren Türk basını başkentin düşüşünden sonra işgal hareketlerinin sona ermeyeceği görüşündedir. Gerçekleşen işgalin askeri boyutu ve uluslararası ilişkilere olan etkisine Türk basınında geniş yer verilirken şehirde yaşayan halkın durumu ancak satır aralarında kendine yer bulabilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Çin-Japon savaşının başlamasından Nanking’in işgaline kadar olan süreçte yaşanan hadiselerin ve işgal sırasında gerçekleşen sivil ölümlerinin Türk basınında seçilen gazeteler üzerine yansımaları takip edilecek ve değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır.
DAVID H. NUTTING AND TWO OTTOMAN CITIES: DİYARBAKIR, BİTLİS (1854-1864)
Authors: KUTKAN Özlem
Published: January 2022

This article aims to portray the sociological and urban conditions as well as the geographical features of the two Ottoman cities, Diyarbakır and Bitlis, through the eyes of American missionary physician David H. Nutting and his working conditions in the third quarter of the nineteenth century (1854-1860). This testimony, with its high level of education, watchful eyes and narratives is particularly noteworthy. Indeed, due to the missionary physician's medical knowledge and the needs of the society for this, he could meet people from quite different social classes and wrote down his observations in great detail. This study, first of all, endeavours to describe the process of Dr.Nutting and his family’s departure from America and their arrival in the Ottoman Empire briefly. Afterwards, the letters which he started to write in Diyarbakır are examined for certain themes aside from detailed transfers on medical science. These themes shaped by the relationships that he had with the Muslim and especially the Armenian community and its leaders, as a physician and protestant, the geographical and architectural features of the cities and their reflections on human health. Finally, it should be noted that his observations and thoughts about Bitlis are handled more limitedly, since he was in Bitlis for a much shorter time than in Diyarbakır.
ÜÇÜNCÜ HAÇLI SEFERİ DÖNEMİNDE TÜRKİYE SELÇUKLULARI VE ROMA-GERMEN İMPARATORLUĞU’NUN DİPLOMATİK MÜNASEBETLERİ
Authors: ESKİKURT Adnan
Published: January 2022

III. Haçlı Seferi, Selâhaddin Eyyûbî’nin 1187 yılında Kudüs Krallığı Ordusu’nu Hıttin Savaşı’nda (4 Temmuz) mağlup edip Kudüs’ü fethi (2 Ekim) ardından başlamış ve Ortaçağ kaynaklarına göre 1189-1192 yılları arasında devam etmiştir. Bu, güzergâhında Anadolu Yarımadası’nın yer aldığı üçüncü seferdir. Sefer sırasında yarımadadan geçen birliklere Kutsal-Roma Germen İmparatoru Friedrich Barbarossa komuta etmiştir. Sefer öncesinde güzergâhında bulunan memleketlerin liderleri ile kurduğu diplomatik temaslarla Haçlı Ordusu’nun ilerleyişini ve erzak ihtiyacını emniyet altına almak istemiştir. Diplomatik temas kurduğu hükümdarlardan biri de Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti Sultanı II. Kılıç Arslan olmuştur. Ancak ilerlemiş yaşta olan Sultan’ın ülkesini oğulları arasında taksim etmesi idarî zafiyet yaratmış, başta Melik Kutbeddin Melikşah olmak üzere kimi Selçuklu ileri gelenlerinin Sultan’ın itidalli politikası hilâfına davranmaları da tarafların çatışması ile neticelenmiştir. Neticede başkent Konya haçlıların işgaline uğramıştır. Ortaçağ kaynaklarından faydalanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışmada tarafların Godefroi von Wiesenbach ve Tokili gibi elçiler vasıtası ile yürüttükleri diplomatik temaslara yer verilmiştir. Temel konusunu Haçlı Ordusu’nun yarımadadan güvenli geçişi ve iaşesinin temini olan bu görüşmeler dışında dönemin ileri gelen Selçuklu idarecilerinin süreci etkileyen siyasi ve askeri kararları da dönem kaynakların elverdiği ölçüde mümkün mertebe müzakere edilmiştir.
İNGİLİZ DİPLOMAT CHARLES YATE'İN HORASAN VE ESTERABAD'IN ETNİK YAPISI ÜZERİNE GÖZLEMLERİ
Authors: ŞAHSİ Resul
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmada İngiliz asker ve diplomat Charles Edward Yate’in Horasan ve Esterabad’da 1893 -1897 tarihleri arasında yaptığı gezi notlarından oluşturmuş olduğu Horasan ve Sistan isimli eserine istinat edilerek İran Horasanı ve Esterâbâd (günümüzde Gülistan) bölgesin etnik unsurları ve bunların yaşadıkları bölgeler incelenmiştir. Askeri ve diplomatik görevlerle uzun süre İran ve Afganistan’da bulunmuş olan Yate, bu iki ülkenin de etnik yapısına ve kültürüne son derece hâkimdir. Horasan ve Esterabad’ın tamamına yakınını kapsayan gezilerinde, gezdiği şehir ve bölgelerin siyasi ve etnik yapısına dair zaman zaman son derece ayrıntılı ve dikkat çekici bilgiler vermiştir. Eserdeki bilgilerden bu iki bölgenin etnik terkibini tespit etmek mümkündür.