bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TLRs and Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: Krishnan Jayalakshmi
Published: May 2023

Sandly bites transmit the Leishmania parasites under the skin, and the
disease remains a major public health problem in infected countries. There are two
types of Leishmaniasis, 1) Visceral Leishmaniasis 2) cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Among
these two types, Visceral Leishmaniasis is fatal, and, if not treated, leads to mortality. It
is observed that approximately 90% of cases come from India, Bangladesh, Sudan,
South Sudan, Ethiopia, and Brazil. These diseases are caused by L. major, L. mexicana,
L. guyanensis, L. amazonensis, L. braziliensis, and visceral Leishmaniasis by L.
donovani, and L. chagasi. Experimental studies in KO of TLR2 and TLR4 have shown
larger lesions and higher parasite loads upon infection with L. mexicana than the
control mice [1]. Leishmania DNA is recognised as a PAMP by TLR9 [2]. These
parasites are rapidly phagocytosized by neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells.
Different parasites of Leishmania elicit different kinds of responses in the host, which
in turn depends on the genetics and immune responses of the host.
Playful activities in the learning process
Authors: Bravo-Velasquez Gema Mercedes , Saldarriaga-Zambrano Jose Carlos , Figueroa-Moreira Lucia Lilibeth , Candela-Muñoz Johanna Lisbeth , Reyes-Meza Orley Benedicto
Published: May 2023

In the field of education, the benefits of playfulness are widely known in the teaching-learning process, from where they contribute to the integral development of the student. As a problem in the Juan Montalvo Educational Unit No. 41, these activities have not been used as a strategic tool to facilitate the teaching-learning process, the objective of the research is to analyze the playful activities in the teaching-learning process, in its development the playful characterizes , its benefits in the teaching-learning process are identified, and activities are proposed to strengthen the teaching-learning process. This study is based on a qualitative type of research where the documentary analysis and interview techniques were used. The study population corresponds to two managers, to whom the interview was applied. It was obtained as a result that the playful are necessary in the teaching-learning process, having benefits that contribute to creative thinking.
सर्व षिक्षा अभियान की प्रभावषीलता के प्रति अभिभावकों का दृष्टिकोण
Authors: चन्द्र सुरेष , सिंह यष पाल
Published: May 2023

प्रस्तुत षोध का उद्देष्य सर्व षिक्षा अभियान की प्रभावषीलता के प्रति अभिभावकों के दृष्टिकोण का लिंग व उनकी आवासीय पृष्ठभूमि के आधार पर अध्ययन करना था। पस्तुत षोध कार्य वर्णनात्मक सर्वेक्षण विधि पर आधारित है। न्यादर्ष के रूप में से षोधार्थी द्वारा बरेली मण्डल के चार जनपद (बदायूं, बरेली, षाहजाँपुर व पीलीभीत) में से दो जनपद बरेली व पीलीभीत के पाँच विकास खण्ड व दो नगर क्षेत्र के प्राथमिक व उच्च प्राथमिक विद्यालयों में अध्ययन करने वाले विद्यार्थियों के 200 अभिभावकों का चयन साधारण यादृच्छिक न्यादर्षन की लॉटरी प्रविधि के द्वारा किया गया। आकड़ों के संग्रहण हेतु षोधार्थी द्वारा स्व-निर्मित मापनी का प्रयोग किया गया। यह मापनी पाँच बिन्दु लिकर्ट मापनी (पूर्णतः सहमत, सहमत, कह नहीं सकते, असहमत व पूर्णतः असहमत) पर आधारित है। षोधार्थी द्वारा संग्रहीत आकड़ों के सांख्यिकी विष्लेषण हेतु टी-परीक्षण सांख्यिकी को उपयोग में लाया गया। प्रस्तुत अध्ययन से निष्कर्ष प्राप्त हुए कि सर्व षिक्षा अभियान की प्रभावषीलता के प्रति पुरूष अभिभावकों एवं महिला अभिभावकों के दृष्टिकोण में कोई सार्थक अन्तर नहीं है साथ ही षहरी अभिभावकों एवं ग्रामीण अभिभावकों के दृष्टिकोण में भी सर्व षिक्षा अभियान की प्रभावषीलता के प्रति यही परिणाम प्राप्त हुआ।
TO STUDY THE IMPACT OF YOGA IN ACHIEVEMENT OF STANDARD 10TH STD. STUDENTS
Authors: Dhaigude Anita Kumar
Published: May 2023

Yoga is the most integral part of Health. Yoga means union of body, spirit and mind. Its impact is not just for physical development but for mental and psychological development also. Yoga is a physical, mental and spiritual practice that originated in ancient India. The word Yoga is derived from the Sanskrit word yuj, it means to join or to yoke. The ultimate goal of yoga is to achieve liberation. But for adolescent students it is useful for increasing concentration and relief from stress. Purpose of this study is to find out benefit of yoga on adolescent students.
STUDENTS BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR LEVEL OF PARTICIPATION IN CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
Authors: Gangwar J P
Published: May 2023

The present study is an attempt to explore the relationship between selected personal, academic and socio-demographic characteristics of students studying different grades of secondary school level. The study revealed that the variables of Grade, Age, Income, Father’s Occupation and Educational category of parents interact significantly with the level of participation in co-curricular activities among students. It was also found that variables of Sex, Type of school, Caste and Nature of permanent residence do not have a significant bearing on the level of participation in co-curricular activities in the specific population. It has been suggested that a search for the causative factors need to be directed towards psycho-social dimensions of home and school environment, show that facilitative or inhibitive factors may be identified.
APPLICABILITY OF THE EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND and MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS ACT, 1952
Authors: Meena Nand Ram
Published: May 2023

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PROFESSIONAL CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED BY WAITERS IN RESTAURANTS OF STAR HOTELS IN TAMILNADU
Authors: Selvanayagam B Lenin
Published: May 2023

Waiters and waitress play a great role in customer service. Since they are the one who have direct contact with customers of diversified nature, everyday is a challenge for them in performing their job. The present study enquired about the challenges faced by the wait staff and tried to provide some implications. The researcher employed descriptive method of research and to collect data survey technique was used. There were 184 wait staff responded to this study. The sample was drawn through cluster sampling technique from 10 three star hotels in Tamilnadu. A Challenge Checklist with three alternatives was developed and validated. The findings reveal that majority of the waiters face moderate level of challenge in their profession, most of them face problem with running children, parents who don’t care about their children’s behaviour, lengthy working time, sore feet, Disruptive shift pattern, hands smelling condiments etc. The wait staffs significantly differ in facing challenges with regard to their age and the locality of the hotel. Implications were provided.
AWARENESS AND USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA BY PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS
Authors: Yadav Chandra Dhari , . Ranjana
Published: May 2023

Social media have the most popular medium for the exchange of Information and knowledge across the globe. Globally the use of social media has significantly increased and it certainly has for reaching impact on the academic and allied activities of the prospective teachers. The younger generation makes most of the use of social media than any other demographic. In the past several years the use of social networking sites has increased which has become an international issue. Due to increased Technology uses for communicating with others social networking has been a primary activity on the internet with the sites like Facebook, Myspace, WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter etc. The present study aimed to examine the use of social media among the prospective teachers of B.Ed. to know the awareness and use of social media and to determine how actively prospective teachers are using social media and getting advantage from it. The study used survey method and a well- structured questionnaire was designed and the random sampling technique was used for data collection. The questioner was handed over personally by researchers to 150 prospective teachers and question award received back. The analysis of the data collection is presented in the form of tables and charts followed by it interpretation visibility of a student teachers prefer social media to find Useful information sources and prospective teachers agree that the social media tools are very much useful in pursuing their academic activities.
भारत में म्हिलाओं को प्रदत्त सामाजिक एवं विधिक अधिकारों के प्रति जागरूकताः जनपद अलीगढ़ के विषेश संदर्भ में
Authors: . आषा , कुमार मुकेष
Published: May 2023

पुरूश प्रधान समाज, लेंगिक भेद - भाव, भौतिकवादी सोच, सांस्कृतिक आदान-प्रदान तथा संस्थात्मक परिवर्तनों आदि के कारण यद्यपि वर्तमान समय में स्त्रियों की सामाजिक, आर्थिक एवं राजनैतिक गतिषीलता में वृद्धि हुई है। भारतीय समाज में मुख्यतः पिछले पचास वर्शों में अनेक परिवर्तन हुए हैं एवं वर्तमान में भी हो रहे हैं। किन्तु विचारणीय तथ्य यह है कि यह परिवर्तन कितने लाभदायक व तर्क संगत हैं, इनसे वास्तविक रूप में क्या-क्या लाभ हो रहा है, इन परिवर्तनों की दिषा क्या है तथा सामाजिक जीवन पर इनका क्या प्रभाव पड़ रहा है। महिलाओं को प्रदत्त संवैधानिक अधिकारों के प्रति भारतीय ग्रामीण महिलाओं में जागरूकता का अभाव आषातीत सषक्तिकरण के मार्ग की प्रमुख बाधा है ।
THE PROTECTION OF NORTH EAST BORDER AREAS AND CROSS BORDER INSURGENCY
Authors: J. Manoj Kumar
Published: May 2023

The armed insurrections in north-east India have tested the Indian military might for over four decades. The region is characterised by widespread conflicts which are related to the geography of the region, the multi ethnicity of its population and the political and economic feeding grounds of discontent. The conflict dynamics range from insurgency for secession to insurgency for autonomy, from sponsored terrorism to ethnic clashes, to conflicts generated as a result of a continuous inflow of migrants from across the borders, as well as from the other states of the country. Terrorism in the region can best be understood as a rational strategy to achieve political and personal ends, both through the use of extreme violence and intimidation through the instrumentalities of the state and at times with the complicity of the state's agencies Border areas have their own problems and peculiarities. Such areas are in general less accessible, making provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly. Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of population, which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources. Moreover, porous nature of the border enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers. Thus, governments of the states with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border. The Northeast region with 99 per cent of its boundary being international border, the problems and peculiarities are even more accentuated. The region consists of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and Sikkim. The region is located between latitudes 290 and 220 North and longitudes about 89.46 and 97.5/ East. The region is covering an area of 262185 sq. km, which is nearly 8 per cent of the total geographical area of the country. The region has a population of 389.84 Lakh that is 3.79 per cent of the total population of India. The region has a vast coverage of forest nearly 55 per cent of the total geographical area. The States of the region are surrounded by China, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Bhutan. In fact, the region has a long international border of (5182 km), which is more than 99 percent of its total geographical boundary. These States have international border with China (1395 km), Bhutan (455 km), Myanmar (1640 km), Bangladesh (1596 km) and Nepal (97 km).
RELEVANCE OF MINDFULNESS IN PARENT EDUCATION FOR INCLUSIVE CLASSROOMS
Authors: Vaze Kirti , Vartak Lalita , Gandhe Charudatta
Published: May 2023

Parents play a pivotal role in shaping their child’s future. They want to be loving, provide structure, and have rules and consequences. Parents need to instill qualities and values in the child such that the child is happy and flourishes in a school with an inclusive setup. So, Parent Education is very important as parents are the permanents in their child’s life. The parents’ priorities, strengths and competencies would determine the success/failure of the plans made for the child. This paper discusses the relevance, that is, the degree of usefulness of education of parents in bringing about inclusion in classrooms. It states the need of parent education, the connection between the mindfulness education and inclusion in classrooms, and explores the means and methods of attaining parent education for inclusive classrooms. As and how this happens, the changes in the classrooms are going to be satisfying, not only of having accepted diversity in classrooms but also in the society. It would lead the child to understand that diversity is a part of one’s life and being equipped to embrace that, would be a true mark of a worthy Parent!!
INDIA’S ECONOMIC TIES WITH CENTRAL ASIAN REPUBLICS: SOME REFLECTIONS
Authors: Palei Jyotiprakash
Published: May 2023

The five Central Asian countries – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan – became independent in the early 1990s, more precisely after the fall of the Soviet Union. The region has been endowed with abundant availability of natural mineral resources like uranium ore, hydrocarbon deposits, vast hydropower potential etc. That made the region of great significance and prime attention of international powers. Central Asia therefore emerged as a pivot for intra and intercontinental trade and economic linkages. India took keen interests in the region. India’s major concerns with the Central Asian Republics include energy security, trade, investment, infrastructure development, fight against Islamic fundamentalism and so on. It is in this backdrop, India’s perceptions and policies towards Central Asia have been of immense significance, which has been the subject matter of this paper.
मध्य बिहार में नक्सलवाद के विरोध में कृषकों का प्रतिरोध और रणवीर सेना की भूमिका
Authors: कुमार भानु
Published: May 2023

मध्य बिहार 90 के दशक में कृषक संघर्ष और नक्सलवाद का केंद्र बनकर उभरा था। इस संघर्ष को राज्य की उदासीनता ने जातीय संघर्ष का रूप दे दिया। मध्य बिहार में बदलते रजनीतिक,सामाजिक और आर्थिक परिवर्तन को इस लेख के मध्याम संसें समझा जा सकता है। साथ हीं राज्य, जाति और विचारधारा के आपसी टकराव पर आधारित हिंसा को भी लेख के द्वारा समझने का प्रयास किया गया है।
RIGHT TO EDUCATION-A NEED TO MODERN SOCIO-POLITICAL SET-UP
Authors: Pandey Sushil Kumar
Published: May 2023

The fundamental link between the right to work and the right to education established at the conferences on education policy held by the Federation of Geman Trade Unions in 1976 is one of those elements of trade-union policy in which, with education understood as “participation” in progress in science, research and “technology”, trade union policy necessarily assumed an anti-capitalist, democratic character. In it, education is no longer conceived as qualification alone, but as a human right, which is equated with the right to work and hence points, in the same way as this right to the limits to economic, capitalist and social organization.
EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT AND EMPOWERING LEADERSHIP: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kumar Rajender , Sondhi Jyoti
Published: May 2023

Empowerment fosters employee’s creativity, quality of work-life, spirit of teamwork and organizational effectiveness. organizations do not only need to empower employees but should also encourage empowering leadership. Empowering leadership connotes the sharing of power and motivating employees to crave for superior performance. This paper focuses on literature in the employee empowerment and empowering leadership contexts. Considering the role people play in organisations, it is important to understand the impact of employee empowerment and empowering leadership on organizational outcomes. The author used historical data and findings from previous studies to draw insight on the subject. Based on our review, it was observed that employee empowerment fosters employee performance, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, customer satisfaction, productivity and business growth. Empowering leadership have been examined from the structural and motivational theoretical perspective. Several studies lend credence to the positive influence of empowering leadership on employees’ psychological empowerment. The author proposed some recommendations for managers to implement.
HEALTH AND HYGIENE RELATED PROBLEMS AMONG SLUM WOMEN
Authors: Shukla Ratna
Published: May 2023

Slums are the areas of substandard housing conditions within a city .The United Nations defines the slum as ... a building, group of buildings or area characterized by overcrowding, deterioration, unsanitary conditions or absence of facilities or amenities which, because of these conditions or any of them in danger, the health, the safety or morals of its inhabitants or the community. Various terms such as 'blighted area', 'deteriorated areas', ' marginal areas', 'transitional areas', 'substandard settlement', 'provisional settlement', 'squatter settlement', 'overnight settlement', 'urban villages' etc. are very loosely used to denote slums.
It has been found by number of researchers that due to poor economic and educational status, awareness regarding health and hygiene is found to be very poor among slum dwellers. Slums are very prone to unhygienic and unhealthy conditions because of their socio-ecological settings. Slum areas have been the breeding grounds of epidemics such as cholera, jaundice, hepatic disorder. Infectious diseases like tuberculosis, chest disease like asthma, lung cancer due to excessive use of tobacco, alcohol and spirit are very common. Abject poverty, social and economic deprivations, lack of essential food and nutrients and the unhygienic and contaminated water force them to live on the mercy of nature than on human resources. The water borne diseases like amoebiasis, helmenthiasis, diarrhoea, dysentery, viral hepatitis, and typhoid are very much common among them. Eighty to ninety percent of the slum inhabitants have no access to human waste disposal facilities. These conditions render the surroundings polluted and un conducive for human habitation resulting in environmental degradation. These slum dwellers are also not aware of small family norms. The size of their family is very large. Child marriages are prevalent among them.
In spite of hard work by the women in slum, their condition is very bad. They have very low literacy rate and their economic condition is also not good. Most of the slum women get married at the age of 13 to 15 years. But the condition of unmarried girls is also far from satisfactory. They are treated as an unpaid worker who helps in cooking food, cleaning utensils and looking up their young brothers and sisters when the parents go to their work. Socially, these women's are very much deprived and engaged in anti-social work and are the easy victim of unhealthy physical as well as social environment.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING ON FLIES CONTROL TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF CARRIER DEPENDENT INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Authors: Singh Usha
Published: May 2023

The paper presents a mathematical model to control flies population using biocontrol agent parasitic wasps. Parasitic wasp will control the growth of larvae of flies and thus adult fly population. Mathematical analysis has been done by using stability theory of differential equation.
EFFECT OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF UNDER-GRADUATE STUDENTS ON THEIR EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Wakde Hemakant N
Published: May 2023

Emotional intelligence is very important in today’s life for every individual. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of academic achievement of under-graduate students on their emotional intelligence in relation to their gender. A sample of 55 under-graduate college students was selected randomly from graduate degree colleges of Bhopal City. To measure the emotional intelligence of under- graduate students, Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) developed by Anukool Hyde and Sanjyot Dethe were used and for measure the academic achievement of under- graduate students, their XII standard obtained percentage were used. Mean, SD and ‘t’ test were used for data analysis. The result reveals that there is no significant effect of academic achievement on emotional intelligence of under-graduate students. The significant effect was found in the area of self motivation of emotional intelligence. This indicates that high achievers are more self-motivated than the low achievers under-graduate students. No significant effect of gender was found in respect of academic achievement, emotional intelligence and factors of emotional intelligence except in the area of emotional stability of emotional intelligence. This shows that the male under- graduate students are better in the area the emotional stability that of their female counterparts.
LADLI BETI SCHEME: SUCCESS OR FAILURE IN JAMMU DISTRICT
Authors: Warwa Jaspal Singh , Bhagat Deepali
Published: May 2023

Era has transformed. A global attention to various issues in the society has reached an unprecedented level as nations prepare themselves to achieve higher economic growth. The future of India, rests on the foundation being laid today. Children of today are the leaders of tomorrow. If the role of children in the development of the nation is so important, the role of the way they are being brought up is much more important. And here comes the issue of raising a girl in a family as compared to boys. As we know the status of girl child stands very low in Indian society hence there is a low sex ratio in our country. In the process of preparation of the future builders of the nation it has become very important to look towards this issue very seriously. Even after more than seventy years of independence the situation is no more different. Considering these factors in mind the government of Jammu and Kashmiri has started few projects for the benefit of women and girls. Ladli Beti scheme is one of them which is started as a pilot project in few districts of Kashmir and Jammu showing low child sex ratio in April 2015 under the Integrated Child Development Service Scheme. The present study was thus carried to know about the Ladli Beti Scheme and its functioning. Also who are benefitted by the scheme, the problems faced by the beneficiaries in availing this scheme and any change if brought so far. The present study was carried on a total of 24 AWCs. A total of 96 parents were interviewed for the study. The results showed 18.75% of the parents were benefitted by the scheme 76.04% of the parents were not benefitted by the scheme. It was found that the beneficiaries should be provided proper help and guidance time to time by the authorities for proper benefit of the scheme. Some more efforts and focus is required by the authorities towards the scheme.
LIFE SKILLS KEY TO TRANSFORM STUDENTS’ WORLDVIEW: INVESTIGATION OF LIFE SKILLS IN SECONDARY SCHOOL PUPILS
Authors: Pandit Pandurang Bhagwan , Chavan Shashikant Eknath
Published: May 2023

The main goal of present study was to determine the current status of Life Skills in Secondary School students and to also find out status of life skills with respect to gender. The current study is a descriptive research study in which data from Secondary school students is gathered using survey Method. Data was collected from 130 secondary school students from three different schools from Pernem Taluka of North Goa district of State of Goa. The study's findings revealed that pupils have average life skills overall, but poor thinking skills when compared to social and emotional skills. When comparing the Life Skills of girls and boys, no differences were discovered.
UTILIZATION OF ICDS ACTIVITIES AMONG SCHOOL DROPOUT OUT ADOLESCENT GIRL IN GWALIOR URBAN, MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Anjali Oinam , Bapat1 Vivek
Published: May 2023

Background: For the first time in India, the Department of Women and Child Development implemented an effort in 1991-92 to integrate 11-18-year-old school dropout girls in the ICDS scheme in 507 blocks across the country. With the Anganwadi Centres (AWCs) as the focus medium for delivering services and improving the capacity of adolescents, this scheme aims on school dropout adolescent girls in the age range of 11-18 years to satisfy their requirement for health, nutrition, education and other life skill development. Objective: The study is designed to find out the different activities of programme and utilization under ICDS scheme are being implemented to prepare for school dropout adolescent girls to re-join at the school. Methods: The study is primarily focus on those school drop girls age between of 11-18 years who are registered in AWCs of Gwalior urban, sub-divided into five blocks govern under ICDS scheme. 395 respondents (samples) are gathered by using random sampling. Data are collected from each respondent, through interview method (pre-tested questionnaire) and observation method. Results: Different activities are found to be organized for school dropout adolescent girls at the AWC, with majority of respondents 354 (89.62%) are found to be effectively participated in cultural and arts activities, 329 (83.29%) in home management activities and 246 (62.28%) in health issues and hygienic activities. Conclusion: The study strongly recommended that the activities be made more exciting and creative, which will make it simpler to learn and produce results more successfully, as well as ensuring that all of the beneficiaries participate in all of the activities.
TEACHER TRAINEES PERCEPTION ON EFFICACY OF ONLINE TEACHING LEARNING DURING CORONA PANDEMIC
Authors: Bisht Bhawna
Published: May 2023

Education has changed globally due to covid 19. At present due to covid 19 ,online teaching learning is emerged as most popular way of teaching learning.Covid 19 has affected the education at all levels and teacher education is also not exception.This study is conducted on 210 teacher trainees.Data was collected through online mode with the help of self developed opinionnaire.The main aim of the study is to find out the B.Ed teacher trainees perception towards online teaching learning.Survey method is employed for the study.Finally the investigator concludes that teacher trainees has positive perception towards online teaching learning.
शिक्षकाचे व्यक्तिमत्व समृद्धी आणि व्यावसायिक विकास विषयक अपेक्षा व बदलते संदर्भ
Authors: थूल सज्जन , पाटील मनीषा   गुलाबराव
Published: May 2023

आजच्या विज्ञान युगात सर्वच क्षेत्रात प्रचंड गतीने बदल होत आहेत. प्रत्येक क्षेत्रात आश्चर्यजनक परिवर्तने घडून येतांना दिसत आहेत. समाजाच्या गरजा व अपेक्षा बदलत आहेत. त्याच बरोबर समस्यांचे स्वरुप व क्षेत्र हे व्यापक होत आहे. अशा परिस्थितीत शिक्षण हे मध्यस्थानी आलेले आहे. आपली शिक्षण पध्दती विद्यार्थी केंद्रित असली तरीही शिक्षकाचे महत्व आजही पूर्णत्वाने टिकून आहे. शिक्षक फक्त विद्यार्थ्यांना शिकवित नसतो तर तो विद्यार्थ्यांना भविष्यासाठी घडवित असतो. असा हा शिक्षक जुन्या विचारसरणीचा असून चालणार नाही तर तो काळानूसार व येणाऱ्या नवनविन विचार प्रवाहांच्या अनुसार बदलला पाहिजे. विश्व बदलायचे असेल तर राष्ट्र बदलले पाहिजे, राष्ट्र बदलायचे असेल तर समाज बदलला पाहिजे व समाज बदलायचा असेल तर व्यक्ती बदलायला पाहिजे. अर्थातच व्यक्ती हा फक्त शिक्षणातूनच बदलू शकतो व शिक्षणातून व्यक्ती बदलण्याचे सामर्थ्य फक्त शिक्षकातच आहे. विश्व बदालाची प्रक्रिया ही शिक्षकापासून सुरु होत असते. यासाठी शिक्षकाने स्वत:ला सर्वांगिण विकसित करणे, सतत अध्ययनशील असणे, आपल्या कौशल्यांचा विकास करणे, स्वत:चे मुल्यमापन करणे, ज्ञानाच्या कक्षा रुंदावणे, राष्ट्रीय विकासातील स्वत:चे योगदान समजून घेणे व आजचा विद्यार्थी हा राष्ट्राचे भविष्य आहे या दृष्टीने विद्यार्थी विकासासाठी झटणारा व तळमळ करणारा अशी स्वता:ची प्रतिमा व आदर्श निर्माण करणे आवश्यक आहे. अर्थातच या आधुनिक बदलत्या काळानुसार शिक्षकाने स्वत:चे व्यक्तिमत्व समृध्द करण्याबरोबर आधुनिक काळाशी सुसंगत व्यावसायिक विकास करणे आवश्यक झाले आहे.
Manejo agronómico: Preparación del terreno
Authors: Aguilar Aguilar Paula Andrea , Velásquez Arroyo Carlos Enrique , Dominguez Pulgarín Cristian , Latorre Gonzalez Michael Ángel , Mira Herrera Rosa Helen
Published: May 2023

Es recomendable hacer la preparación del suelo para el cultivo de fríjol voluble cerca de la época de siembra, para así, obtener un terreno más suelto y manejable.
Establecimiento : Definición de arreglos y área a intervenir
Authors: Barragán Hernández Wilson Andrés , Carvajal Bazurto Christian Thomas , Portilla Pinzón Danilo , Upegui Gómez Sara Isabel
Published: May 2023

PARA ESTABLECER SISTEMAS SILVOPASTORILES, ¿POR QUÉ LO ESPACIAL ES TAN ESPECIAL? Una ganadería puede considerarse como un Agroecosistema Los componentes y sus características se ubican en un lugar y un momento. Conocer su ubicación y extensión en un sistema ganadero, sirve para identificar dónde y cómo establecer un modelo de sistema silvopastoril de estratos múltiples.
Manejo agronómico: fertilización
Authors: Yacomelo Hernández Marlon José
Published: May 2023

Estos análisis son los de mayor precisión para estimar el estado de la fertilidad del suelo y de la nutrición de las plantas.
Socioeconómico y ambiental: socioeconomía
Authors: Rodríguez Borray Gonzalo Alfredo , Forero Camacho Cesar Augusto , Roa Ortiz Santiago Andrés , Ramírez Gómez Maria Margarita , Huertas Carranza Bellanid
Published: May 2023

Colombia, primer consumidor y segundo productor de panela en el mundo, después de la India. En la presente infografía se dan a conocer datos de los costos de producción nacional.
The Next Infodemic: Abortion Misinformation
Authors: Pagoto Sherry L , Palmer Lindsay , Horwitz-Willis Nate
Published: May 2023

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines an infodemic as the proliferation of false or misleading information that leads to confusion, mistrust in health authorities, and the rejection of public health recommendations. The devastating impacts of an infodemic on public health were felt during the COVID-19 pandemic. We are now on the precipice of another infodemic, this one regarding abortion. On June 24, 2022, the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization resulted in the reversal of Roe v. Wade, which had protected a woman’s right to have an abortion for nearly 50 years. The reversal of Roe v. Wade has given way to an abortion infodemic that is being exacerbated by a confusing and rapidly changing legislative landscape, the proliferation of abortion disinformants on the web, lax efforts by social media companies to abate abortion misinformation, and proposed legislation that threatens to prohibit the distribution of evidence-based abortion information. The abortion infodemic threatens to worsen the detrimental effects of the Roe v. Wade reversal on maternal morbidity and mortality. It also comes with unique barriers to traditional abatement efforts. In this piece, we lay out these challenges and urgently call for a public health research agenda on the abortion infodemic to stimulate the development of evidence-based public health efforts to mitigate the impact of misinformation on the increased maternal morbidity and mortality that is expected to result from abortion restrictions, particularly among marginalized populations.
The Role of Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Developing Chronic Kidney Disease: Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Wei Suosu , Song Jian , Xie Yujie , Huang Junzhang , Yang Jianrong
Published: May 2023

Background

The association between metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unclear.

Objective

This longitudinal cohort study aimed to test whether MAFLD plays an important role in the development of CKD.

Methods

This cohort study included 41,246 participants who had undergone 3 or more health examinations from 2008 to 2015 at the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Participants were categorized into 2 groups according to whether they presented with or without MAFLD. The occurrence of new-onset CKD was stated as either an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or a higher level of albuminuria during their follow-up appointment. The association between MAFLD and CKD was evaluated using a Cox regression method.

Results

Of the 41,246 participants, 11,860 (28.8%) were diagnosed with MAFLD. Over the course of the 14-year follow-up (median 10.0 years), 5347 (13%) participants experienced a new incident of CKD (135.73 per 10,000 person-years). MAFLD was discovered as an important risk factor for new incidents of CKD (hazard ratio 1.18, 95% CI 1.11-1.26) by using the multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model. When stratified by gender, the adjusted hazard ratio for the incidence of CKD in men and women with MAFLD were 1.16 (95% CI 1.07-1.26) and 1.32 (95% CI 1.18-1.48), respectively. According to the subgroup analysis results, after adjusting for confounding factors, the MAFLD-related CKD risk was greater in men aged <60 years (Pinteraction=.001) and in those with combined dyslipidemia (Pinteraction=.02), but this relationship was not found in women (all Pinteraction>.05).

Conclusions

MAFLD plays an important role in the development of new incidents of CKD in the long run.

Trial Registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2200058543; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=153109
Patient Perceptions of e-Visits: Qualitative Study of Older Adults to Inform Health System Implementation
Authors: Judson Timothy J , Subash Meera , Harrison James D , Yeager Jan , Williams Aimée M , Grouse Carrie K , Byron Maria
Published: May 2023

Background

Electronic visits (e-visits) are billable, asynchronous patient-initiated messages that require at least five minutes of medical decision-making by a provider. Unequal use of patient portal tools like e-visits by certain patient populations may worsen health disparities. To date, no study has attempted to qualitatively assess perceptions of e-visits in older adults.

Objective

In this qualitative study, we aimed to understand patient perceptions of e-visits, including their perceived utility, barriers to use, and care implications, with a focus on vulnerable patient groups.

Methods

We conducted a qualitative study using in-depth structured individual interviews with patients from diverse backgrounds to assess their knowledge and perceptions surrounding e-visits as compared with unbilled portal messages and other visit types. We used content analysis to analyze interview data.

Results

We conducted 20 interviews, all in adults older than 65 years. We identified 4 overarching coding categories or themes. First, participants were generally accepting of the concept of e-visits and willing to try them. Second, nearly two-thirds of the participants voiced a preference for synchronous communication. Third, participants had specific concerns about the name “e-visit” and when to choose this type of visit in the patient portal. Fourth, some participants indicated discomfort using or accessing technology for e-visits. Financial barriers to the use of e-visits was not a common theme.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that older adults are generally accepting of the concept of e-visits, but uptake may be limited due to their preference for synchronous communication. We identified several opportunities to improve e-visit implementation.
Developing an Audit and Feedback Dashboard for Family Physicians: User-Centered Design Process (Preprint)
Authors: Shuldiner Jennifer , Kiran Tara , Agarwal Payal , Daneshvarfard Maryam , Eldridge Kirsten , Kim Susie , Greiver Michelle , Jokhio Iffat , Ivers Noah
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Audit and feedback (A&F), the summary and provision of clinical performance data, is a common quality improvement strategy. Successful design and implementation of A&F—or any quality improvement strategy—should incorporate evidence-informed best practices as well as context-specific end user input.

OBJECTIVE

We used A&F theory and user-centered design to inform the development of a web-based primary care A&F dashboard. We describe the design process and how it influenced the design of the dashboard.

METHODS

Our design process included 3 phases: prototype development based on A&F theory and input from clinical improvement leaders; workshop with family physician quality improvement leaders to develop personas (ie, fictional users that represent an archetype character representative of our key users) and application of those personas to design decisions; and user-centered interviews with family physicians to learn about the physician’s reactions to the revised dashboard.

RESULTS

The team applied A&F best practices to the dashboard prototype. Personas were used to identify target groups with challenges and behaviors as a tool for informed design decision-making. Our workshop produced 3 user personas, Dr Skeptic, Frazzled Physician, and Eager Implementer, representing common users based on the team’s experience of A&F. Interviews were conducted to further validate findings from the persona workshop and found that (1) physicians were interested in how they compare with peers; however, if performance was above average, they were not motivated to improve even if gaps compared to other standards in their care remained; (2) burnout levels were high as physicians are trying to catch up on missed care during the pandemic and are therefore less motivated to act on the data; and (3) additional desired features included integration within the electronic medical record, and more up-to-date and accurate data.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that carefully incorporating data from user interviews helped operationalize generic best practices for A&F to achieve an acceptable dashboard that could meet the needs and goals of physicians. We demonstrate such a design process in this paper. A&F dashboards should address physicians’ data skepticism, present data in a way that spurs action, and support physicians to have the time and capacity to engage in quality improvement work; the steps we followed may help those responsible for quality improvement strategy implementation achieve these aims.
Patient and Staff Experience of Remote Patient Monitoring—What to Measure and How: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Pannunzio Valeria , Morales Ornelas Hosana Cristina , Gurung Pema , van Kooten Robert , Snelders Dirk , van Os Hendrikus , Wouters Michel , Tollenaar Rob , Atsma Douwe , Kleinsmann Maaike
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Patient and staff experience is a vital factor to consider in the evaluation of remote patient monitoring (RPM) interventions. However, no comprehensive overview of available RPM patient and staff experience–measuring methods and tools exists.

OBJECTIVE

This review aimed at obtaining a comprehensive set of experience constructs and corresponding measuring instruments used in contemporary RPM research and at proposing an initial set of guidelines for improving methodological standardization in this domain.

METHODS

Full-text papers reporting on instances of patient or staff experience measuring in RPM interventions, written in English, and published after January 1, 2011, were considered for eligibility. By “RPM interventions,” we referred to interventions including sensor-based patient monitoring used for clinical decision-making; papers reporting on other kinds of interventions were therefore excluded. Papers describing primary care interventions, involving participants under 18 years of age, or focusing on attitudes or technologies rather than specific interventions were also excluded. We searched 2 electronic databases, Medline (PubMed) and EMBASE, on February 12, 2021.We explored and structured the obtained corpus of data through correspondence analysis, a multivariate statistical technique.

RESULTS

In total, 158 papers were included, covering RPM interventions in a variety of domains. From these studies, we reported 546 experience-measuring instances in RPM, covering the use of 160 unique experience-measuring instruments to measure 120 unique experience constructs. We found that the research landscape has seen a sizeable growth in the past decade, that it is affected by a relative lack of focus on the experience of staff, and that the overall corpus of collected experience measures can be organized in 4 main categories (service system related, care related, usage and adherence related, and health outcome related). In the light of the collected findings, we provided a set of 6 actionable recommendations to RPM patient and staff experience evaluators, in terms of both what to measure and how to measure it. Overall, we suggested that RPM researchers and practitioners include experience measuring as part of integrated, interdisciplinary data strategies for continuous RPM evaluation.

CONCLUSIONS

At present, there is a lack of consensus and standardization in the methods used to measure patient and staff experience in RPM, leading to a critical knowledge gap in our understanding of the impact of RPM interventions. This review offers targeted support for RPM experience evaluators by providing a structured, comprehensive overview of contemporary patient and staff experience measures and a set of practical guidelines for improving research quality and standardization in this domain.
Diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT and physicians in patients with abdominal pain: a cohort study (Preprint)
Authors: Lun Weijian , Luo Canhua , Liu Yongjia , Chen Huang Wei , Li Guoyin
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Economic growth has increased the demand for healthcare resources, but has also led to challenges such as lengthy appointment waiting times and a shortage of medical professionals. The uneven distribution of medical infrastructure in some regions has resulted in limited healthcare services in rural or impoverished areas. ChatGPT-3.5, the latest and most popular conversational artificial intelligence(AI), has demonstrated its potential in providing real-time health information and alleviating the burden on healthcare workers. While ChatGPT has performed well in medical knowledge examinations, its capabilities in clinical decision-making remain uncertain.

OBJECTIVE

Evaluate the potential value of GPT in medical diagnosis.

METHODS

The diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT was compared among three groups: patients, questionnaire respondents, and physicians. The results showed that the accuracy was lowest in the patient group (True: 19.1%, False: 80.9%), highest in the physician group (True: 59.6%, False: 39.6%), and moderate in the questionnaire group (True: 51.1%, False: 48.9%). The difference between the patient group and the other groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). Among all disease categories, the highest diagnostic accuracy was observed for appendicitis and pancreatitis, while gastrointestinal tumors were difficult to diagnose accurately across all groups.

RESULTS

The diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT was compared among three groups: patients, questionnaire respondents, and physicians. The results showed that the accuracy was lowest in the patient group (True: 19.1%, False: 80.9%), highest in the physician group (True: 59.6%, False: 39.6%), and moderate in the questionnaire group (True: 51.1%, False: 48.9%). The difference between the patient group and the other groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). Among all disease categories, the highest diagnostic accuracy was observed for appendicitis and pancreatitis, while gastrointestinal tumors were difficult to diagnose accurately across all groups.

CONCLUSIONS

This study reveals that ChatGPT demonstrates promising diagnostic accuracy in abdominal pain-related diseases when provided with detailed information. However, limitations in patient self-expression, information-gathering, and humanistic care prevent it from fully replacing doctors. Further development and research are needed to enhance AI's role in assisting medical professionals and providing medical consultation services to patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

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Public Perceptions About Monkeypox on Twitter: Thematic Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Leslie Abimbola , Okunromade Omolola , Sarker Abeed
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Social media has emerged as an important source of information generated by large segments of the population, which can be particularly valuable during infectious disease outbreaks. The recent outbreak of monkeypox led to an increase in discussions about the topic on social media, thus presenting the opportunity to conduct studies based on the generated data.

OBJECTIVE

By analyzing posts from Twitter (subsequently rebranded X), we aimed to identify the topics of public discourse as well as knowledge and opinions about the monkeypox virus during the 2022 outbreak.

METHODS

We collected data from Twitter focusing on English-language posts containing key phrases like “monkeypox,” “mpoxvirus,” and “monkey pox,” as well as their hashtag equivalents from August to October 2022. We preprocessed the data using natural language processing to remove duplicates and filter out noise. We then selected a random sample from the collected posts. Three annotators reviewed a sample of the posts and created a guideline for coding based on discussion. Finally, the annotators analyzed, coded, and manually categorized them first into topics and then into coarse-grained themes. Disagreements were resolved via discussion among all authors.

RESULTS

A total of 128,615 posts were collected over a 3-month period, and 200 tweets were selected and included for manual analyses. The following 8 themes were generated from the Twitter posts: monkeypox doubts, media, monkeypox transmission, effect of monkeypox, knowledge of monkeypox, politics, monkeypox vaccine, and general comments. The most common themes from our study were monkeypox doubts and media, each accounting for 22% (44/200) of the posts. The posts represented a mix of useful information reflecting emerging knowledge on the topic as well as misinformation.

CONCLUSIONS

Social networks, such as Twitter, are useful sources of information in the early stages of outbreaks. Close to real-time identification and analyses of misinformation may help authorities take the necessary steps in a timely manner.
Imaginative World Cup: The Discursive Construction of the Arab Community
Authors: Sanhaji Mounir
Published: May 2023

The utility of cultural encounters acquires a meaning that contributes to the understanding of the significance of cultural differences. The attempt to know certain people with their cultural specificities spares the embarrassment of misunderstanding cultural contexts whose topicality stems from the cultures and geographies of others. For the sake of achieving ideological purposes, however, textual and cultural encounters become a double-edged sword that works in complicity to produce different perceptions and value judgments about peoples and cultures. This situation is emblematic of Qatar’s hosting of the World Cup 2022, where the negation of the Arab land preoccupies different western voices that determine the process of constructing imaginative Arab space to draw a kind of exoticism to such a worldwide event. This imaginative space has become a western product that measures the mechanisms of understanding and constructing the Arabs. The effect of cultural encounters, in this regard, plays a vital role in determining one’s difference and undertaking an investigation of this western representation that is intervened by the presence of Western fans in Qatar to give it new dimensions and meanings from different positionalities.