bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Choice of Drug for Intravenous Fluid Therapy in the Early Postoperative Period in Children
Authors: Lazarev V. V. , Sulaimanova Zh. D. , Tsypin L. E. , Brusov G. P. , Eryasheva T. V.
Published: November 2020

The choice of drug for initial fluid therapy in the early postoperative period is important in terms of clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the combination treatment.The aim of the study was to compare the effects of a succinate-containing solution and 0.9% NaCl solution when used as a drug of initial intravenous fluid therapy in early postoperative period in children.Materials and methods. A prospective randomized trial was conducted with participation of 43 patients having ASA II—III score after elective surgical interventions with a duration of 1-3 hours. In Group I («N») (n=23) the patients received continuous infusion of 0.9% NaCl solution in the early postoperative period (within 3 hours after the operation), in Group 2 («R») (n=20) continuous infusion of a succinate-containing solution was administered in 2.3 (1.6; 2.8) mode. The inter- and intragroup differences during the study were estimated by the changes of water-electrolyte and acid-base balance, basal metabolism, and phase angle (estimated integral index of cellular membranes condition) values. The data were recorded during the 5 stages of the study: 1 — immediately upon ICU admission (baseline), 2 — 60 minutes, 3 — 90 minutes, 4 — 120 minutes, 5 — 180 minutes after the ICU admission.Results. Significant differences in plasma potassium level between the groups 60 minutes (P=0.01) and 180 minutes (P=0.04) after the initiation of drugs infusion were found. In group N, at the 2nd stage, a 7% decrease in the potassium level was observed, while in group R, it increased by 2.1% as compared with the baseline. By the end of the study, potassium level decreased by 6.9% in group N and by 6.5% in group R. The intragroup differences were significant in Group N at the 2nd (P=0.02) and 5th (P=0.01) stages. In group R, no significant differences vs the baseline were found at any stage. In all cases, the values were within the reference values. In group N, at the 2nd stage the sodium concentration increased compared with the 1st stage by 2.1% (P=0.01). In group R, at the 5th stage, a significant decrease of Cl- concentration by 2.7% (P=0.01) was observed. The acid-base status showed a trend towards mixed acidosis at the 2nd stage in both groups, with the similarly significant pH reduction by 1.3% vs the baseline, whereas at 5th stage the decrease of pH was more significant in Group N (by 1.2% vs the baseline) than in Group R (by 0.9%) (P=0.01). In group N, the phase angle value was found to decrease by 8.6% at the 2nd stage and by 6% at the 5th stage (P=0.01). In group R no significant differences in the phase angle values were found.Conclusion. The succinate-containing solution has more favorable effect on the water-electrolyte and blood acid-base balance, as well as the state of cell membranes compared with the 0.9% NaCl solution.
A new three-parameter size-biased poisson-lindley distribution with properties and applications
Authors: Shanker Rama , Kumar Shukla Kamlesh
Published: November 2020

A new three-parameter size-biased Poisson-Lindley distribution which includes several one parameter and two-parameter size-biased distributions including size-biased geometric distribution (SBGD), size-biased negative binomial distribution (SBNBD), size-biased Poisson-Lindley distribution (SBPLD), size-biased Poisson-Shanker distribution (SBPSD), size-biased two-parameter Poisson-Lindley distribution-1 (SBTPPLD-1), size-biased two-parameter Poisson-Lindley distribution-2(SBTPPLD-2), size-biased quasi Poisson-Lindley distribution (SBQPLD) and size-biased new quasi Poisson-Lindley distribution (SBNQPLD) for particular cases of parameters has been proposed. Its various statistical properties based on moments including coefficient of variation, skewness, kurtosis and index of dispersion have been studied. Maximum likelihood estimation has been discussed for estimating the parameters of the distribution. Goodness of fit of the proposed distribution has been discussed.
An artificial neural network to classify healthy aging in elderly Brazilians
Authors: Araujo Ágatha Yasmin de Sousa , Rocha Maylon Sivalcley da Costa , Alves Elton Rafael , Campos Ana Cristina Viana
Published: November 2020

Aging in Brazil, especially in the Amazon, is a complex and irregular process. Something is happening here that cannot be explained simply due to social inequalities. The objective of this study was to present the development of an artificial neural network and the stages of training, validation and testing for the classification of healthy aging among elderly Brazilians. We constructed a protocol for rapid diagnosis and health screening for the elderly. The form was developed offline in Microsoft Excel. Macros (routines capable of performing pre-programmed tasks) were created using Microsoft's Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) language. In the analysis of the confusion matrix, good accuracy were obtained in all stages, training (61.5%), validation (60.0%) and test (80.0%), which indicates that the network learned through the inputs and outputs initially defined and during the sample divisions performed for testing and validation. In the test stage, a ROC curve was obtained with better true positive rates and lower false positive rates, being close to the Y axis (left side), thus indicating better results. We conducted a pilot study with thirty-six community active elderlies from a city in Eastern Amazonia, Brazil. This study was divided into four parts: data collection, data pre-processing, training of an artificial neural network and evaluation methods.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATIONS OF THE SEVENTH BOOK OF PLATO’S “ ” WITH THE ORIGINAL TEXT. POLYVARIATIVITY OF FORM AND MEANING
Authors: Samsonenko Mykyta
Published: November 2020

An appealing to original texts, a comparing linguistic variations in the forms of their offsprings (translations), a research of processes of branching of meanings, a reconstruction of the first-sense of texts, and especially those that were created centuries ago in ancient languages, that is enabling to improve translation or understanding of the history of the mentality of native and modern na- tive speakers — will always be relevant for any philological, linguistic and philosophical studies. This article is an attempt to analyze and show how different the form and meaning of the same text can be in different languages and what can be common between different translations. For the first time, the comparison of the original fragments of Plato’s “The Republic” in Ancient Greek with their translations into Japanese and Korean translations has been done. Also, some fragments of Lithuanian, Latin, Latin and English translations are included. For the analysis, I propose the following two fragments of the text of the seventh book, namely the replica numbered 514a-514b of the dialogue of Socrates with Glaucon and the replica numbered 517b-517c. After all, in my opinion, there is the greatest concentration of philosophical terms associated with the myth of the cave, which interests me.
Model Numerik Lintasan Sebaran Larva Karang Di Kandidat Lokasi Penempatan Bekas Struktur Anjungan Migas Lepas Pantai (Rig To Reef)
Authors: Nugraha R. Bambang Adhitya , Surbakti Heron , Rustam Agustin
Published: November 2020

Anjungan migas lepas pantai yang sudah dibongkar ketika telah memasuki masa akhir produksinya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai terumbu karang buatan (artificial reef).  Program ini di beberapa negara dikenal dengan sebutan Rigs-to-Reef (R2R).  Salah satu faktor penting yang harus dipertimbangkan dalam penempatan struktur rigs untuk terumbu buatan ini adalah konektivitas antara habitat asli sebagai sumber larva karang dan kandidat lokasi agar larva karang dapat menyebar, tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik. Faktor penting yang mempengaruhi planulasi (pelepasan dan penyebaran larva karang ke laut sekitar) adalah sirkulasi arus laut di lapisan permukaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat simulasi sebaran larva karang dan memetakan pola konektivitas antara kawasan konservasi Perairan Daerah (KKPD) Bontang (source) dan lokasi baru untuk penempatan struktur rigs (sink).  Sebaran larva karang diperoleh dengan menggunakan pemodelan biofisik untuk mendapatkan skenario rekruitmen dan jejak penyebaran larva.  Pemodelan biofisik digunakan sebagai alat prediksi penyebaran larva untuk menilai konektivitas antar kawasan konservasi dan untuk evaluasi umum dari berbagai faktor yang berperan dalam pergerakan larva.  Simulasi sebaran larva dibuat dengan menggunakan modul Agent Based Modelling (Passive Drifter) menggunakan MIKE 21 FM untuk memprediksi sebaran larva karang di kandidat lokasi.  Simulasi sebaran larva dilakukan di beberapa bulan yang mewakili puncak 4 musim yang berbeda, yakni musim barat (bulan Januari), musim Peralihan I (bulan Mei), musim Timur (bulan Agustus) dan musim Peralihan II (bulan Oktober).  Hasil dari model sebaran larva mengindikasikan bahwa proses penyebaran larva karang di kawasan konservasi Bontang dipengaruhi oleh arus permukaan yang dibangkitkan oleh pasang surut serta variasi angin musiman dan menyebar dengan baik ke kandidat lokasi R2R.
Da Vontade Geral como Poder de Fato e Poder de Direito: do exercício da soberania popular entre a unidade multíplice da sociedade (Unitas Ordinis) e a totalidade Político-Jurídica e Econômico-Social do Estado
Authors: Mariano da Rosa Luiz Carlos
Published: November 2020

Baseada na teoria de Rousseau, a pesquisa assinala que, consistindo na condição sine qua non para o exercício da soberania popular em uma construção que converge para as fronteiras que encerram a Constituição e o Estado, a Vontade Geral envolve a possibilidade de articulação da totalidade dos homens enquanto indivíduos em sua concreticidade histórico-cultural e econômico-social, o que implica a universalidade concreta, que advém do conjunto de vontades e fato econômico que caracteriza a sociedade e a dinâmica das relações intersubjetivas. Dessa forma, fundamentado em uma pesquisa bibliográfica, o artigo dialoga com a perspectiva da teoria institucional de Castoriadis, Lapassade e Lourau, defendendo que, caracterizando-se como um processo ético-jurídico de deliberação coletiva que implica a objetivação dos valores, necessidades e fins do povo enquanto corpo coletivo e moral através de um movimento econômico-político que envolve os momentos que encerram o instituído, o instituinte e a institucionalização, a Vontade Geral converte o conteúdo político-social em poder de direito. Portanto, convergindo para a superação da universalidade de um Direito que encerra um “dever-ser” e uma exterioridade coercitiva que se impõe em nome do bem comum da totalidade político-jurídica e econômico-social do Estado, a pesquisa mostra que a Vontade Geral se sobrepõe à ruptura que, envolvendo a ordem jurídica e a ordem social, caracteriza a instituição estatal sob a égide do liberalismo, possibilitando a instauração da democracia participativa.
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF PROCESSING WHEAT GRAINS INTO WHOLEMEAL FLOUR
Authors: Zhygunov D. , Khorenghy N. , Voloshenko O. , Zhyhunova H. , Marchenkov D.
Published: November 2020

The article presents and briefly discusses the benefits of consuming wholemeal products, including wholemeal flour. The production technologies of wholemeal flour have been classified, and their advantages and disadvantages analysed. The academic community’s research results are contradictory: researchers disagree about whether recombined wholemeal flour is higher in its biological and nutritional value than ordinary flour or not, nor their findings allow definitely recommending this or that technology of its production as effective. Therefore, it is important to develop a new technology of producing wholemeal flour for flour mills. This technology would incorporate the advantages of existing grinding methods and at the same time minimise their negative impact on the gluten complex quality and the nutrient content. The purpose of the study is to give reasons for the structure of the combined technological scheme of milling and the optimum modes of wholemeal flour production. The properties of industrially produced wholemeal flour samples have been studied. The findings allow concluding that the quality of these flour samples varies greatly. This is due to differences in the manufacturing technologies and the vagueness of the very concept of wholemeal flour, which should be defined by regulations along with quality requirements prescribed. Such parameters as ash content and flour particles size (which directly depend on how well the milling scheme is build up and whether all anatomical particles get into the flour) have a significant effect on the baking performance. The laboratory milling was performed following the principle of 100% grinding of grain. Three variants of the combined technological scheme of milling have been studied. The best baking performance resulted from using four roller systems for the primary grinding of the bran products and two millstone systems for the final milling. This allowed obtaining wholemeal flour with smaller particles: the residue on sieve No. 067 was 1.4%, and the outsiftings from sieve No. 38 were 40%. Using more grinding systems is impractical: it will allow obtaining even finer particles, but milling will become too energy-intensive and material-consuming
DEVELOPMENT OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY OF STREPTOCOCCUS THERMOPHILUS BACTERIA AS PRODUCERS OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDESDEVELOPMENT OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY OF STREPTOCOCCUS THERMOPHILUS BACTERIA AS PRODUCERS OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES
Authors: Naumenko O. , Danylenko S. , Bal-Prylypko L. , Gunko S. , Melnik I.
Published: November 2020

On carrying out a screening, phage-resistant strains of Streptococcus thermophilus have been selected.  As producers of exopolysaccharides, they can be used to form the texture of fermented milk and improve the rheological properties of fermented milk products in a natural, effective, and safe way. It has been suggested to use analysis of the capsule-formation of strains as an express method to evaluate the rheological properties. The technology of the bacterial concentrate Iprovit – Streptococcus thermophilus with phage-resistant producers of exopolysaccharides has been developed. The following technological modes were used: growing in a growth medium with the ratio of carbohydrates to soluble nitrogen C:N=3.5; biomass stabilisation (10% inulin protective medium, freezing at minus 60±1°C for 16±2 h, drying for 24±2 h to 32±1°C, moisture content in the preparation not more than 5%). These modes allowed obtaining 7.83±0.02 g of bacterial concentrate from 1 dm3 of the growth medium. Depending on the strain of Streptococcus thermophilus, the dry bacterial concentrate contained 4.4×1011–1.1×1011 CFU/g of active microbiota. A technique has been developed that allows improving the rheological properties of fermented milk products by blending bacterial preparations to produce various products with concentrate of the Streptococcus thermophilus strain. The optimal formulations of the mixtures have been selected. This has made it possible to modify the rheological characteristics of fermented products without using other thickeners. The effective viscosity of the products obtained has been increased by 13.3–54.3%, depending on the formulation of the mixture. The biotechnology of the bacterial concentrate Iprovit – Streptococcus thermophilus was implemented at the State Research Enterprise of the Institute of Food Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine. Manufacture of the concentrate is regulated by the regulatory documents developed and approved: TU 15.5-00419880-100:2010 “Dry and liquid fermenting cultures. Specifications,” Technological Instructions for production of the fermented cultures IPROVIT for TU 15.5-00419880-100:2010 “Dry and liquid fermenting cultures. Specifications.” The novelty of the technological solutions was confirmed by Copyright Registration Certificate No. 51033.
THE POTENTIAL OF FLOUR FROM SOLVENT-EXTRACTION HEMP OILCAKE AS AN INGREDIENT OF LOW-MOISTURE BAKERY PRODUCTS
Authors: Sokolova N. , Iorgacheva K.
Published: November 2020

The paper focuses on how to improve the nutritional value of traditional low moisture bakery products from wheat flour by using flour from hemp oilcakes obtained by solvent extraction of oil. It has been considered how to provide enough raw materials in the case of wide use of hemp and products of its processing in the food industry. The main tendencies in cultivating and applying industrial hemp in Ukraine and worldwide have been outlined; the chemical composition of hemp seeds (the plant’s part mainly used in food products) has been analysed and characterised; and it has been suggested how hemp by-products can be used in the bakery technology. It has been studied whether flour from hemp extraction cake can be used in the technology of low-moisture bakery products such as breadsticks. It has been found that 10, 15, and 20% of hemp flour added to wheat flour increase the water absorption capacity of the resulting flour blend by 3, 6, and 13% respectively, in comparison with the control. If hemp flour is included in the formulation of breadstick dough, the slackness of a dough ball increases by 6.1, 7.4, and 11%, and this increase is bigger, the higher the hemp flour content in the formulation is. However, it has been found that if the flour component of the recipe is partly replaced with hemp flour, this changes the growth medium of yeast cells and lactic acid bacteria and thus leads to a 23, 16, and 30% decrease in the amount of carbon dioxide formed during the 180 min fermentation period of the dough. The 6, 16, and 40% increase of titratable acidity in the samples analysed is due to the content of biogenic and oligobiogenic elements in the flour mixture, which satisfy the needs of lactic acid bacteria rather than those of baker’s yeast. The quality assessment of the finished products by their sensory and physicochemical characteristics has shown how promising it is to use hemp flour in the breadstick technology, provided that the recipe and the production parameters are modified to improve the products’ rheological properties and quality.
THE QUALITY PARAMETERS OF TOMATO PASTE STORED IN CONTAINERS ROBBY IN COMPARISON WITH CONVENTIONAL WAYS OF COLD STORAGE
Authors: Panahi Elnaz , Mousavi Ali Reza , Sami Masoud , Mirlohi Maryam
Published: November 2020

Food containers, especially those used for cooked and processed food, should comply with certain standards to increase the shelf life of food products. Tomato paste is the most popular processed food due to the presence of such functional compounds as lycopene, β-carotene, ascorbic acid, and phenolics. In this regard, the present study compares the quality of products stored for 56 days in the new container Robby (invented to keep tomato paste in) and in conventional containers (industrially manufactured or homemade). This study was a full factorial design experiment with 48 experimental treatments involving 3 different containers, 2 types of tomato paste (homemade and industrially manufactured), 2 different producers for each type of tomato paste, 2 refrigeration environments (an isolated laboratory refrigerator and a refrigerator used in a dormitory with normal household conditions), and 2 replicates. Chemical and microbial tests were performed using precise methods. The chemical tests included determining the acidity, measuring vitamin C and total soluble solids, salt content, concentrations of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2, and the findings were compared at the end of the storage period. All microbial tests were carried out by the pour plate method. The total viable cells were counted on Plate Count Agar (PCA) after incubation at 30°C for 24 h. Acid-resistant bacteria and mould/yeast were counted, respectively, on de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe agar (MRS) and DRBC after incubation at 30°C for 3–5 days. To analyse the data, three‑way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t-test were applied, using the SPSS20 software. At the end of the study period, the least and the worst contaminated homemade samples were examined for aflatoxin. As to the industrial samples, the type of a container had a significant effect on the total microbial count, yeast and mould count, LAB and vitamin C concentration. The same results (except those concerning vitamin C) have been obtained for the homemade samples. Compared with conventional means of cold storage of tomato paste, using Robby containers results in the least change in the microbial and chemical quality of tomato paste, preserves more vitamin C in the product, hinders the secondary contamination and microbial growth. Also, proliferation of microorganisms in homemade tomato paste during refrigeration can be well controlled when this container is used
RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF SUPER HIGH FREQUENCY FIELD ON GREEN TEA EXTRACTION AND EXTRACT QUALITY
Authors: Rubanka K. , Bessarab A. , Terletska V.
Published: November 2020

The article characterises non-brick green tea as a product of mass consumption. It has been described how practical it is  to produce liquid extracts based on it and use them further in the non- alcoholic drinks technology. Achieving high yields of extractives from tea requires intensification of the mass transfer process. The analysis of scientific sources has shown that pre-treatment of raw materials is one  of the most promising methods for this purpose. The article presents comparative characteristics of green tea extracts obtained using pre- treatment in the super high frequency field and of ones  produced without it. The optimal power of the super high frequency field for extracts heated up to 60°С has been selected and analysed. If the energy of super high frequency is applied to a fresh mixture of tea and an extractant, with its further extraction in a rotary extractor IKA-RV-10 at the dilution 280 mBr, the yield of extractives doubles. The action of the microwave field leads to a 40% increase in the content of extractives in the resulting extract: the yield of phenolic substances increases by 44%, of caffeine by 45%, of substances with vitamin P activity by 23%, compared with the extracts produced without additional treatment. However, the chlorophyll and aldehyde content decreases. Pre-treatment with super high frequency energy in the course of green tea extraction helps effectively extract phenolic compounds like catechins that affect the taste of final beverages. This technique allows doubling the yield of catechins. Besides, it has been confirmed that the chemical composition (namely the quantity of hydroxyl groups in the catechin structure) determines the intensity of the transition of catechins into the composition of the extract. The findings on the safety of the extracts obtained have allowed establishing that though the contents of mercury, arsenic, lead, copper, and iron increase, they do not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. This proves the safety of the extracts produced. The research results obtained make it possible to intensify the plant extract production technology without using any special extractors.
Alleged amnesia in sexual crime
Authors: Leal Cláudia Cristina Studart , Valença Alexandre Martins
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The current article describes the case of a man who claimed amnesia in relation to a sexual crime he had allegedly committed. Psychiatric examination concluded that the individual was feigning amnesia. Claimed amnesia of a criminal offense is one of the most commonly feigned symptoms in the forensic medical setting. It is thus necessary to rule out organic or psychogenic causes of amnesia and always consider feigned amnesia in the presence of psychopathological alterations that do not reflect classically known syndromes.
Estrutura fundiária e concentração da propriedade da terra na colônia de imigrantes Dona Francisca (Joinville), Santa Catarina, 1850-1920
Authors: Ferreira Luiz Mateus da Silva
Published: November 2020

Resumo A partir de um conjunto variado de documentação primária, especialmente registros de proprietários de terras na colônia Dona Francisca e Joinville e o censo agrícola do Brasil de 1920, este artigo apresenta estatísticas e indicadores que permitem avaliar a estrutura fundiária e o grau de concentração da propriedade da terra na colônia Dona Francisca e Joinville no século XIX e Santa Catarina no início do século XX. As evidências apresentadas neste estudo demonstram que o tipo de colonização, o predomínio da pequena propriedade rural e a distribuição mais igualitária da terra em algumas regiões catarinenses, notadamente nas áreas de colonização europeia como Joinville, um dos maiores e mais importantes núcleos de imigração alemã do Brasil no século XIX, não impediram que Santa Catarina apresentasse índices de desigualdade fundiária semelhantes ou ainda mais elevados do que os de estados brasileiros marcados pela grande lavoura exportadora do açúcar e do café.
DISTRIBUCIÓN DE BECAS Y VACANTES EN ESCUELAS DE UNIVERSIDADES NACIONALES EN ARGENTINA: PERCEPCIONES DE JUSTICIA DE ESTUDIANTES Y DOCENTES
Authors: NÚÑEZ PEDRO , DI PIERO EMILIA
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN: En toda sociedad existen bienes valiosos que es necesario distribuir, para lo cual es preciso contar con un principio que legitime cómo repartirlos. En un contexto latinoamericano que combina expansión del nivel medio y nuevas estrategias de distinción, nos preguntamos por las nociones de justicia a las que apelan estudiantes y docentes de establecimientos educativos dependientes de universidades nacionales en Argentina: escuelas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata y de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Exploramos los sentidos en torno a los criterios de justicia distributiva ante bienes escasos: vacantes y becas de estudio. Luego de una breve presentación de las tendencias del sistema educativo y de la discusión sobre el concepto de justicia, analizamos normativas que regulan la admisión. Finalmente, nos detenemos en el caso de las escuelas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
INVENTÁRIO DE PRÁTICAS DOCENTES QUE FAVORECEM A CRIATIVIDADE: ESTUDO DE ADAPTAÇÃO E EVIDÊNCIAS DE VALIDADE
Authors: LIMA DORIS BARRINUEVO MARTINS DE , SILVA GILDENE DO OURO LOPES
Published: November 2020

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi o de fazer uma adaptação do Inventário de Práticas Docentes que Favorecem a Criatividade no Ensino Superior e analisar as evidências de sua validade para o Ensino Médio. As etapas para a adaptação desse Inventário foram: adaptação semântica, avaliação de juízes e estudo piloto com 106 estudantes matriculados no Ensino Médio. O Inventário com as adequações realizadas foi aplicado em 1.118 alunos, de 30 unidades escolares de uma rede particular de ensino, distribuídas em nove estados. A análise fatorial resultou em um inventário composto por 35 itens e confirmou quatro fatores: Incentivo a novas ideias; Clima para expressão de ideias; Procedimentos tradicionais de ensino; e Interesse pela aprendizagem do aluno, os quais explicaram 44,92% da variância obtida neste estudo. A confiabilidade da análise dos dados foi adequada pelo coeficiente Lambda 2 de Guttman, que variou entre 0,61 a 0,91. Os componentes dos coeficientes de ajuste mostraram-se adequados, apresentando os seguintes valores: AGFI=0,980; NNFI=0,984; RMSEA=0,034; SRMR=0,049. Concluiu-se que o “Inventário de Práticas Docentes que favorecem a criatividade no Ensino Médio” constitui uma ferramenta que abre novas perspectivas para fins de futuras pesquisas e auxilia nas atitudes em âmbito educacional, quanto ao estímulo à criatividade. Sendo o fim último o que requer a contemporaneidade: professores aptos para lidar, de forma criativa, com a formação de alunos criativos.
Visibilizando la Concepción del Tiempo Qom en Instituciones Educativas del Gran Chaco Argentino
Authors: Chadwick Geraldine , Bonan Leonor , Castorina José Antonio
Published: November 2020

Resumen: El objetivo general de este proyecto fue indagar sobre las concepciones de tiempo diurno y nocturno que circulan por las aulas multiculturales de diferentes instituciones educativas de la Provincia de Chaco, Argentina. Con este fin, se eligió anclar en la etnia Qom que forma parte de la familia lingüística Guaycurú. A través de una investigación-acción se decidió generar diferentes actividades a implementar en escuelas secundarias a las que asisten estudiantes, mayoritariamente de la etnia Qom. Se obtuvieron registros mediante producciones escritas, observaciones, etc. Finalmente, se analizaron los resultados obtenidos, mediante los cuales se observa una concepción de tiempo cíclica donde cobran vital relevancia la observación de las posiciones aparentes del Sol a lo largo del día, la luminosidad atmosférica durante la noche y el canto de aves específicas para ambos momentos. La realización de las tareas propuestas promovió el acceso a un fenómeno desde los conocimientos ancestrales, ofreciendo una mirada diversa sobre los fenómenos naturales.
Tarefas Investigativas Relacionadas à Educação Financeira: possibilidades de conjecturas e estratégias de resolução
Authors: Franzoni Patricia , Quartieri Marli Teresinha
Published: November 2020

Resumo: Este artigo caracteriza-se como pesquisa qualitativa e tem como objetivo analisar as possibilidades de conjecturas e estratégias de resolução de duas tarefas investigativas resolvidas pelos licenciandos em Matemática de uma universidade no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram utilizadas as resoluções das tarefas investigativas e gravação/filmagem do debate em aula como instrumentos de coleta de dados. Os dados produzidos foram analisados mediante a análise textual discursiva, surgindo três categorias: (a) Conjecturas e estratégias de resolução; (b) Manifestações de aprendizagem; e, (c) Análise das dificuldades durante a resolução da tarefa. Por meio deste estudo, conclui-se que os alunos, envolvidos na pesquisa, conseguiram formular, testar e validar conjecturas. As reflexões, análise das dificuldades e discussões com a turma foi importante para refinar conjecturas, repensar variáveis que não foram consideradas na atividade, o que ampliou o conhecimento de educação financeira, fortalecendo o aprendizado e o desenvolvimento do espírito crítico e colaborativo.
Antifungal efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf and seed extracts against Botrytis cinerea causing gray mold disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Ahmadu T. , Ahmad K. , Ismail S. I. , Rashed O. , Asib N. , Omar D.
Published: November 2020

Abstract Drawbacks associated with the use of chemical fungicides to control plant pathogenic fungi such as Botrytis cinerea stimulate the need for alternatives. Therefore, the present study was carried out to determine the antifungal potentials of Moringa oleifera extracts against B. cinerea. Phytochemical analysis using qualitative chemical tests revealed the presence of huge amount of crucial phytochemicals compounds like phenolic compounds, alkaloids and saponins in the M. oleifera leaf extract. Antifungal bioassay of the crude extracts indicated better mycelial growth inhibition by methanol leaf extract (99%). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 5 mg/ml with 100% spore germination inhibition and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was 10 mg/ml with 98.10% mycelial growth inhibition using broth micro dilution and poisoned food techniques. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis led to the identification of 67 volatile chemical compounds in the leaf extract with 6-decenoic acid (Z)- (19.87%) was the predominant compound. Further chemical elucidation of the crude extracts performed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) showed the presence of non-volatile chemical compounds, mostly flavones, flavonoids and phenolic acids (i.e. quercetin and kaempferol). Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis showed positive effect of M. oleifera leaf extract on the treated conidia and mycelium of B. cinerea. Findings revealed that irreversible surface and ultra-structural changes with severe detrimental effects on conidia and mycelium morphology compared to control treatment. Overall findings suggested that M. oleifera leaf extract is a promising candidate for biological control of fungal pathogens, thus limiting overdependence on chemical fungicides.
Valor nutricional do capim-elefante verde colhido em diferentes idades de rebrota
Authors: Martins L.F. , Prado D.M.B. , Gomes G.R. , Teixeira A.M. , Oliveira L.N. , Gonçalves L.C. , Oliveira F.S.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Avaliou-se o valor nutricional do capim-elefante verde colhido aos 56, 84 e 112 dias de idade, por meio do consumo e da digestibilidade em ovinos, da degradabilidade in situ e da cinética da fermentação ruminal. O capim-elefante colhido aos 56 dias proporcionou maiores valores de consumo da MS (1204,81g/dia), da EB (4910,41kcal/dia), da ED (3436,21kcal/dia) e da PB (130,90g/dia). Para o capim-elefante colhido aos 56 dias, ainda foram observados os maiores valores de digestibilidade da MS (70,64%), da EB (70,11%), da PB (68,96%), da FDN (71,4%) e do conteúdo ED (2,86Mcal/kg MS). Com o avanço da idade de corte, houve redução da degradabilidade potencial da MS (77,99% x 68,33%), da PB (84,80% x 56,52%) e da FDN (72,18% x 64,33%), para as idades de corte de 56 e 112 dias, respectivamente. O capim cortado aos 56 dias apresentou maior valor de produção cumulativa de gases (210,50mL/g de MS) e de degradabilidade da matéria seca (63,9%) após 96 horas de fermentação. O capim-elefante verde deve ser colhido aos 56 dias de rebrota em razão das características nutricionais apresentadas.
Destoxificação e perfil nutricional da torta de mamona destoxificada por diferentes soluções alcalinas
Authors: Araújo R.A. , Neiva J.N.M. , Rogério M.C.P. , Cândido M.J.D. , Egito A.S. , Pereira P.L. , Lucas R.C. , Pompeu R.C.F.F.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a destoxificação da torta de mamona bruta (TMB), por meio de dois produtos alcalinos em diferentes concentrações, e seus efeitos sobre a composição química, a degradabilidade in situ da MS e o fracionamento de proteínas. Utilizou-se o hidróxido de cálcio [Ca(OH)2] e o hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) em duas concentrações (60 e 90 gramas), diluídos em quatro quantidades de água (1.000; 1.500; 2.000 e 2.500mL de água por quilo de TMB). Observou-se que, das diferentes concentrações utilizadas, somente a utilização de 90 e 60 gramas de Ca(OH)2 e NaOH, respectivamente, conseguiu destoxificar 100% da TMB, ambas diluídas em 2.000mL de água. Por outro lado, ao avaliar o tempo mínimo de contato dos reagentes com a TMB para uma máxima destoxificação, observou-se que três horas de contato é o tempo necessário para os reagentes diminuírem em 100% as proteínas citotóxicas, além de não deixar atividade hemaglutinante nesse material. A destoxificação com o NaOH proporcionou maior degradação das proteínas solúveis e da matéria seca, favorecendo a disponibilização do nitrogênio não proteico, estando sua aplicação em escala industrial na dependência de estudos sobre viabilidade operacional e econômica.
Dispersão da lidocaína administrada por via epidural em cães posicionados em decúbito lateral ou esternal
Authors: Boff G.A. , Naspolini B.M. , Marco C.J. de , Andrades J.L. , Caye P. , Kalb A.C. , Guim T.N. , Gehrcke M.I.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi verificar clinicamente a dispersão da lidocaína no espaço epidural de cães posicionados em diferentes decúbitos. Foram utilizados 16 cães, com peso médio de 17,5 quilogramas. Esses foram tranquilizados com acepromazina, anestesiados com propofol e alocados em dois grupos, conforme o decúbito de posicionamento: decúbito esternal (GE) e decúbito lateral direito (GLD). Ambos os grupos receberam lidocaína a 2%, no volume de 0,25mL/kg, e permaneceram no mesmo decúbito por 20 minutos. Em seguida, avaliou-se o bloqueio dos membros pélvicos e a extensão do bloqueio, a partir da sétima vértebra lombar, por meio de pinçamento interdigital e do panículo paravertebral. Foi, então, realizada cirurgia de orquiectomia. Após tal procedimento, avaliou-se o tempo total de bloqueio dos membros pélvicos. Todos os cães apresentaram bloqueio bilateral, sem diferenças quanto à extensão cranial entre os grupos, sendo a mediana de 7,5 (1-14) vértebras para GE e de 4 (1-14) para GLD. O tempo de bloqueio dos membros direito e esquerdo foi de 123 ± 26 e 130 ± 20 minutos, para GE, e de 120 ± 21 e 121 ± 20 minutos, para GLD, sem diferenças entre os grupos ou entre os membros. Conclui-se que o decúbito não interfere na distribuição da lidocaína administrada por via epidural.
Desenvolvimento pós-embrionário de Chrysomya putoria (Calliphoridae) em carne equina e sua importância para a entomologia e veterinária forenses
Authors: Carraro V.M. , Cruz I.L.S. , Ururahy-Rodrigues A. , Maleck M.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Devido à importância médica, veterinária, ambiental e forense do califorídeo Chrysomya putoria (Diptera), foi avaliado o desempenho apresentado por estágios imaturos criados em carne de cavalo. Os espécimes foram colocados em câmaras aclimatizadas reguladas a 30 ºC, 60 ± 10% UR e 14 horas de fotofase. Os estágios larval e pupal concluíram seu desenvolvimento em 4,16 e 4,12 dias, respectivamente. As larvas pós-alimentação e pupas com 24h de idade pesaram, em média, 58,06 e 40,10mg, respectivamente. As taxas de emergência registradas foram de 65% nas condições experimentais propostas. Como os compostos orgânicos voláteis são diferentes na decomposição de um animal para outro, este trabalho e outros realizados com a mesma dieta são os mais apropriados para estimativa de intervalo post mortem envolvendo cavalos.
Supplementation of Curcuma longa hydrolate improves immunomodulatory response in Nile tilapia reared in a recirculation aquaculture system
Authors: Pereira M.O. , Moraes A.V. , Rodhermel J.C.B. , Hess J.D. , Alves L. , Chaaban A. , Jatobá A.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with different doses of Curcuma longa hydrolate on the hematological, immunological and zootechnical parameters of Nile tilapia cultivated in a recirculation system (RAS). Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were used, distributed in 16 polyethylene boxes, divided into four treatments: 0.0%; 2.5%; 7.5% and 10.0% of Curcuma longa hydrolate, in quadruplicate. After 45 days of treatment, four fish per experimental unit were anesthetized to remove blood aliquot for hematological and immunological analyzes and dissect the liver to evaluate the hepatosomatic index and final biometry. In the haematological analysis, the fish fed with 2.5% had a higher number of leukocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes than control, while the doses of 7.5% and 10.0% did not differ. Antimicrobial activity showed a significant decrease as the dose of C. longa hydrolate increased. The other hematological, immunological, hepatosomatic index and zootechnical data did not differ between treatments. Thus, supplementation of the hydrolate of Curcuma longa at a dosage of 2.5%, improved and maintained blood-immune homeostasis parameters in these animals, being suggested for further studies.
Prevalência e distribuição espacial da ocorrência de helmintos em primatas não humanos de vida livre no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Pereira F.V. , Lucena F.P. , Rodrigues R.L. , Barros L.A. , Pires C.A. , Ferreira A.M.R. , Mello M.F.V.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Seiscentos primatas neotropicais foram submetidos a exames post mortem para avaliação da prevalência parasitária de helmintos gastrointestinais. Foram examinados 556 calitriquídeos (Callithrix spp.), 23 bugios (Alouatta guariba), 19 macacos-pregos (Sapajus nigritus), um mico-leão-dourado (Leontopithecus rosalia) e um mico-leão-da-cara-dourada (Leontopithecus chrysomelas). Do total de 600 animais, foram encontrados espécimes parasitos pertencentes aos filos Acanthocephala, Nemathelmintes e Platyhelminthes (classes Trematoda e Cestoda) em 110 primatas. A prevalência de primatas positivos para, pelo menos, uma espécie de helminto foi de 18,3% (110/600), sendo destes 83,6% (92/110) calitriquídeos, 8,2% (9/110) bugios, 6,4% (7/110) macacos-pregos, 0,9% (1/110) mico-leão-dourado e 0,9% (1/110) mico-leão-da-cara dourada. Em 80,4% (74/92) dos calitriquídeos foram encontrados nematoides Primasubulura sp. e em 1,1% (1/92) nematoides Trypanoxyuris callithrix, em 26,1% (24/92) acantocéfalos (Pachysentis sp.) e em 5,4% (5/92) digenéticos (Platynosomum sp.); em 77,8% (7/9) dos bugios foram encontrados nematoides (Trypanoxyuris minutus), em 11,1% (1/9) acantocéfalos (Pachysentis sp.) e em 11,1% (1/9) cestoides (Bertiella sp.); em 14,3% (1/7) dos macacos-pregos foram encontrados nematoides (Physaloptera sp.), em 28,6% (2/7) acantocéfalos (Prostenorchis sp.) e em 14,3% (1/7) digenéticos (Platynosomum sp.) e no mico-leão-da-cara-dourada foram encontrados acantocéfalos (Prostenorchis sp.). Foi realizado o georreferenciamento dos pontos de encontro dos cadáveres para pontuar a distribuição dos helmintos por região.
Performance of calves born in different periods of the calving season in intensive beef cattle farming
Authors: Vaz R.Z. , Lobato J.F.P. , Restle J. , Conceição V.G.D. , Ferreira O.G.L. , Costa J.L.B. , Eloy L.R.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate, for two years, the performance of 124 female and 105 male Braford calves born during the first and second halves of the same calving season and the effects of birth period on the development of males until slaughter, as yearlings, and of females until calving, after having mated at 13-15 months of age. Early-born females were heavier than those born late at weaning (119.3 vs 109.9kg; P<0.05), at the start of the breeding season (275.0 vs 263.0kg; P<0.05), and at the end of the breeding season (300.0 vs 289.5kg; P<0.05), in addition to being more fertile (70 vs 50% pregnancy rate). There was no difference (P>0.05) in the development of males born early in relation to those born late, except for weaning weight, which was higher in the former. Steers born early were ready for slaughter at a younger age (459.6 vs 490.1 days; P<0.05), and both groups (early- and late-born) had a body condition classified as fat (4.21 points). In intensive production systems, both male and female calves perform better if they are born during the first half of the calving season.
Indigenous protagonism in the context of food insecurity in times of Covid-19
Authors: LEITE Maurício Soares , FERREIRA Aline Alves , BRESAN Deise , ARAUJO Jessica Rasquim , TAVARES Inara do Nascimento , SANTOS Ricardo Ventura
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT In Brazil, indigenous peoples present a complex reality characterized by a marked social vulnerability that is manifested in health and nutritional indicators. In this scenario, poor sanitary conditions prevail, with a high burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases; infectious/parasitic diseases; and nutritional disorders, including malnutrition and anemia. This situation is reflected in numerous aspects of food insecurity, placing this population in a position of particular vulnerability to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and its effects. The objective of our study was to present a set of preliminary reflections on food insecurity and indigenous protagonism in times of Covid-19. The pandemic has deepened the inequalities that affect the indigenous peoples, with a direct impact on food security conditions. Amid the effects of the pandemic, indigenous protagonism has played a fundamental role in guaranteeing these peoples’ rights and access to food, denouncing the absent and slow official responses as acts of institutional violence, which will have serious and lasting effects on the lives of indigenous peoples.
Aceleração da gravidade: Análise de experimentos didáticos
Authors: Souza F. M. L de , Cardoso S. C.
Published: November 2020

Resumo É possível determinar experimentalmente o valor da aceleração da gravidade por diferentes experimentos, dos mais simples aos mais complexos. O objetivo do artigo é fornecer um auxílio para tomada de decisão do docente quanto àsua abordagem de ensino. Estes experimentos apresentam variações significativas com relação à acurácia do valor encontrado, aparatos e tecnologias utilizadas, precisão do experimento entre outros aspectos. Apresentamos quatro experimentos que serão comparados entre si quanto à: exatidão, fontes de incerteza e tecnologias utilizadas para a realização do experimento. O experimento com melhor desempenho utilizou um pêndulo simples.
Elaboração e implementação de uma unidade didática baseada no Just-in-Time Teaching: um estudo sobre as percepções dos estudantes
Authors: Pastorio Dioni Paulo , Ribeiro Bruna Schons , Souza Leonardo Alencastro Vanin Dutra de , Pigosso Letícia Tasca , Fragoso Tainá Almeida
Published: November 2020

Resumo Neste trabalho, desenvolvemos, implementamos e avaliamos uma sequência didática baseada na metodologia ativa Just-in-Time Teaching (JiTT - Ensino sob Medida). Nessa metodologia, os estudantes realizam tarefas antes da sala de aula e o professor, munido dos resultados das atividades, estrutura sua aula abordando, em especial, as dificuldades apresentadas. As tarefas, em geral, são de curta duração e envolvem, na maioria das vezes, questões conceituais e contextualizadas, aludindo o cotidiano do aluno de diferentes formas. Para isso, desenvolvemos uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o JiTT e discutimos a construção de dez tarefas. Após, analisamos a implementação em uma turma de nível superior do curso de Física. Os resultados encontrados, a partir da análise dos dados, apontam para uma boa aceitação por parte dos estudantes, fomentando o desenvolvimento de um hábito de estudos, em especial por proporcionar uma etapa de estudo pré aula. Além disso, o método potencializa a etapa presencial da aula, abordando temas específicos associados às dificuldades dos estudantes. Apesar desses aspectos positivos, a carga excessiva de trabalho foi mencionada por um estudante. Por fim, destacamos a importância do desenvolvimento, da implementação e da avaliação de propostas, trazendo à tona discussões que envolvam a mudança da percepção do aluno no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
An experimental analysis of the effect of recordkeeping over direct reciprocity
Authors: Santos Luis Paulo Guimarães dos , Cerqueira Anderson José Freitas de , Carvalho Júnior César Valentim de Oliveira
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT This article experimentally investigates the impact of recordkeeping over the level of direct reciprocity. The study of reciprocity has been barely explored in accounting. This article helps to fill that gap by presenting the first investigation that provides experimental evidence of the causal relationship between recordkeeping and direct reciprocity. Reciprocity is a key aspect in the human cooperation process, based on its implications for the evolution of economic and social systems. However, understanding the mechanisms that promote it has been an important scientific challenge in various areas, such as biology, anthropology, sociology, psychology, and economics. The results of this study have an impact on accounting teaching as they provide a scientific basis that helps to improve the understanding of the role of accounting, through its most basic function, and its consequences for human cooperation. Moreover, they have implications for accounting research by showing the viability of using economic experiments to investigate emerging themes in accounting. Finally, from a practical viewpoint, the results of the research signal to the formulators of accounting control mechanisms the importance of considering the crowding out effect of those instruments over motivation. The research adopted a single-factor between-subjects experimental design with a pre-test and post-test and a control group. The causal inference was made using difference-in-differences regression models for panel data together with a variety of additional tests, aiming to give robustness to the results. The research presents evidence of the crowding out effect of recordkeeping over direct reciprocity in a trust game. This finding is important because it provides an explanation of how accounting, through its most basic function, influences human cooperation.