bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal reasoning: a textual perspective on common law judicial opinions and Chinese judgments
Authors: Lu Nan , Yuan Chuanyou
Published: January 2021

The issue of legal reasoning has been addressed widely in legal academia and practice, but rarely considered by linguists. This paper, employing the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) genre perspective and the discourse semantics system as its conceptual framework, attempts to reveal the different ways of legal reasoning of common law judicial opinions and Chinese judgments from a textual perspective. One judicial opinion of a British case and one judgment of a Chinese case are explored for comparison. The findings suggest that Chinese judgments as a legal genre, compared with its counterpart of common law judicial opinions, unfold not in waves construed by multilayered Theme-and-New structure, but in chunks establishing no prediction or consolidation. We argue that this mode of text unfolding in waves is vitally important for readers to follow the judge’s reasoning and construct a sense of fairness and justice. We suggest that the periodicity and the generic structure of common law judicial opinions would be a valuable frame of reference for the Chinese judicial reform on judgments in improving its legal reasoning.
Aesthetic Citizens: Producing Engaged Artists and Civic Art in the Modern University
Authors: Fine Gary Alan
Published: January 2021

The connection between the research university and the creative artist has markedly increased during the past half century. As a result, artists are embedded on campuses with the mandate to contribute to the university’s mission and to shape the civic order. Today artists are researchers, theorists, and activists. How did this occur? Based on a two-year ethnography of three master of fine arts programs in the American Midwest, I explain the creation of the discipline of visual arts as academic practitioners have become professionalized, have become able to control their evaluations, and have developed a set of motivating theoretical ideas that lead to participation in civic culture as their practices are linked to social justice and the good society. Artistic practice is not now value free, if it ever was. With the university as a political and a progressive space, students are encouraged to articulate their practices as linked to their responsibilities as aesthetic citizens.
Surgical Repair for Acute Myocardial Infarction Induced Ventricular Septal Defect: Does Time Matter?
Authors: Chan Tzuhsuan , Xue Yunxing , Chong Hoshun , Zhou Qing , Wang Dongjin
Published: January 2021

Objective: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) induced by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is rare but lethal, with high mortality even after surgical repair. Our aim was to assess the association between the time interval and surgical repair effects in patients with VSD following AMI.
Methods: From January 2003 to December 2017, 14 patients with VSD induced by AMI received surgical therapy in our department. We retrospectively reviewed the patients’ clinical manifestations, surgical methods, and outcomes. According to the time interval from AMI onset and surgery, we divided the patients into two groups: Group 1 (N = 9), more than one week, and Group 2 (N = 5), less than one week. A comparison study was performed, and differences were analyzed.
Results: The mean age of the entire group was 65.5±3.3 years, with 78.6% males (11/14). VSDs were anterior apical in 10 (71.4%) and posterior inferior in 4 (28.6%) patients. The average size of the VSD was 15.8±5.8 mm. Compared with Group 1, Group 2 had poorer left ventricular function (LVEF 40.8±10.3% vs. 30.4±2.3%, P = 0.035) and a higher rate of urgent procedures (11.1% vs. 100.0%, P = 0.003). The mortality rate was 14.3% (2/14). Mechanical support was more common in Group 2 than Group 1. No resistant shunt or death was found during follow up.
Conclusions: VSD following AMI is safer for more than one week, but surgical treatment is also acceptable for patients requiring urgent surgery due to hemodynamic instability. Mechanical assistive devices can improve the perioperative success rate.
A Case Report of Sedation Strategy for a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation After Cesarean Section
Authors: Liao Xiaozu , Cheng Zhou , Wen Junlin , Li Binfei
Published: January 2021

Pneumonia caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease. Unfortunately, research on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) assisted treatments for patients with COVID-19 infection is limited. In this case study, a patient who was in late pregnancy (35+2 weeks of pregnancy) and suffering from severe COVID-19 was extremely irritable during ECMO-assisted treatment after she underwent a cesarean section. Her Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) score reached +3. Nevertheless, the patient successfully was treated with a continuous single/combined application of propofol, midazolam, dexmedetomidine, hibernation mixture, and other drugs for several days (maintaining RASS -2 to -4) and provided with anti-infection, mechanical ventilation, nutritional support, fluid balance under hemodynamic monitoring, liver support, and other organ function support treatments. ECMO-assisted sedation strategy for patients was introduced and discussed in this case to provide a certain reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of such patients.
Knowledge and Awareness Regarding Premarital Screening of β-thalassemia among Undergraduate Students in Bangladesh
Authors: Pervin Samina , Sultana Hafiza , Ahmed Tanvir , Haque Aysha , Abbas Md. Golam , Hasan Md Mahmudul
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Thalassemia is the most common congenital single gene disorder in Bangladesh. Considering the nature of the disease inherited from parents, thalassemia can effectively be prevented by premarital blood screening before marriage. The aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge and awareness regarding premarital screening of β-thalassemia among undergraduate students.

Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among conveniently selected 156 undergraduate students of 2 universities at Dhaka University and American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) from January to December 2019. Data were collected by pretested semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 23.

 

Results: It was found that about 49.5%, 43.6% and 7.1% of respondents had poor, average and good knowledge about premarital screening of β-thalassemia respectively where there was statistical significance between the  level of knowledge and the parental consanguinity and the family history of thalassemia (p-value<.05). On the other hand, 66.7%, 32.1% and 1.3% had poor, average and good awareness in this regards respectively. The level of awareness was significantly associated with the parental consanguinity, family history of thalassemia, monthly income and family type (p-value<.05).

 

Conclusion: This study showed knowledge and awareness levels among undergraduate students regarding premarital screening of β-thalassemia were insufficient. The thalassemia prevention can be enhanced by a well-organized educational program focusing on thalassemia and early screening in young adults.

 

Keywords: Thalassemia; gene disorder; premarital blood screening
Avaliação da qualidade do serviço online prestado pelos aplicativos móveis para delivery utilizando a escala SERVQUAL adaptada
Authors: Potzik Fabiola De Mattos , Pierre de Messias Luana Costa , Oliveira Sérgio Luis Ignácio de , Gonçalves de Oliveira Paulo Sergio
Published: January 2021

Este artigo de caráter descritivo, tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade do serviço online prestado por aplicativos móveis para delivery de refeição, identificando as necessidades de quem utiliza o serviço e apontar os fatores mais críticos. Os métodos empregados para obtenção dos dados foram à pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A amostra do artigo foi composta por respondentes que conheciam ou não os aplicativos para pedido e delivery de refeição. O levantamento foi realizado através da internet, por meio de formulário do Google Docs.  A aplicação do questionário ocorreu no período de abril a junho de 2017, e obteve-se 110 respostas, das quais todas foram consideradas válidas para fins de pesquisa. Através da análise fatorial os dados obtidos com o questionário foram avaliados, e verificou-se a variância explicada pelo modelo, cuja extração foi efetuada pelo método das “Componentes Principais” e a rotação pelo método “Varimax”, gerando uma solução de três constructos, que explica cerca de 70% da variância total. A análise seguinte foi à verificação da confiabilidade interna dos constructos por meio do uso do Alpha de Cronbach para cada um dos três constructos gerados. Os resultados do artigo apontam os fatores determinantes para a aplicação e ampliação de canais de Marketing voltados para delivery de refeições, a segurança no processo de transferência patrimonial e facilidades na interface gráfica dos aplicativos.
Consumidores: Sujeitos Multifacetados e Incontroláveis.
Authors: Moura Renan Gomes de
Published: January 2021

O que seria consumir? Quem são os consumidores? O que consomem? Como consomem? O que significa para o consumidor ser 'incontrolável'? O que isso implica para o futuro do consumismo? E há alguma esperança aqui para o futuro do planeta? O consumo passou a ocupar um espaço central na vida dos indivíduos, uma vez que esse passou a ser uma das formas de se constituir a identidade dos sujeitos, de demonstrar status social, como uma forma de se entrar em grupo social etc. Posta essa centralidade na vida dos sujeitos Yiannis Gabriel e Tim Lang buscam no livro The Unmanageable Consumer mostrar como os consumidores, se mostraram imprevisíveis, contraditórios e incontroláveis, exibindo muitas faces e imagens diferentes.
Análise das relações entre uso de indicadores de desempenho organizacional e fatores contingenciais: uma investigação em empresas de construção civil da cidade de Recife – PE
Authors: Bandeira Herivânio Torres , Callado Aldo Leonardo Cunha
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a associação entre uso de indicadores de desempenho associáveis às perspectivas do Balanced Scorecard (BSC) e fatores contingenciais em empresas de construção civil da cidade do Recife. A teoria da contingência enfatiza como os fatores contingenciais impactam o funcionamento e a estrutura das organizações e consequentemente o desempenho. Nessa perspectiva, foi analisado o uso dos indicadores de desempenho associáveis às perspectivas do BSC, sob a ótica da teoria da contingencia. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, de modo a atender ao objetivo desta pesquisa foi utilizado como instrumento de coleta de dados o questionário, aplicado junto a gestores de 20 empresas do setor da construção civil, localizadas na cidade do Recife. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada a estatística descritiva e o teste não paramétrico coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, como auxílio do software STATISTICA for windows. Ao final da análise dos resultados pôde-se concluir que existe relação entre as diversas características dos gestores, das empresas e dos fatores relacionados à mensuração de desempenho e o uso dos indicadores das quatro perspectivas do BSC, ou seja, evidenciou-se que os fatores contingenciais influenciam a maneira de gerir as empresas conforme preconizado na teoria da contingência.
PTP1B INHIBITORS FROM ISODON TERNIFOLIUS COLLECTED IN VIETNAM
Authors: Phi-Hung Nguyen
Published: January 2021

From the whole plant of Isodon ternifolius collected in Vietnam, four triterpens including ursaldehyde (1), ursolic acid (2), b-sitosterol (3) and b-sitosteryl ferulate (4) were purified. Their chemical structures were determined by interpretation of NMR and MS data and comparison with the literatures. Compounds 1-4 were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against PTP1B enzyme activity using in vitro assay. Compounds 1 and 2 displayed potential activities with IC50 values of 16.92 ± 0.12 and 3.42 ± 0.45 μM, respectively. This is the first time that compounds 1 and 4 have been isolated from the Isodon genus and I. ternifolius has been evaluated for the PTP1B inhibitory activity.
BIO-OIL FROM RUBBER WOOD: EFFECTS OF UPGRADING CONDITIONS
Authors: Nguyen Hong Nam , Đức Bùi Văn , Vu Ngoc Linh , Nguyen Hong Nam , Vu Thi Thu Ha , Pattiya Adisak
Published: January 2021

Despite its prominent potential, the use of rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) for bio-oil production has not been fully investigated. This study reported experimental results of the bio-oil production and upgrading from rubber wood using fast pyrolysis technology. The effects of catalyst nature (vermiculite and dolomite), upgrading temperature and bio-oil/catalyst ratio on the product quality were deeply investigated. The results showed that dolomite was suitable to be used as a catalyst for bio-oil upgrading. At 600 °C and a bio-oil/catalyst ratio of 1:1, the bio-oil yield was maximized, while at 400 °C and a ratio of 1:3, the bio-oil heating value was maximized. Depending on usage purposes, a yield-oriented, heating value-oriented or in-between bio-oil upgrading solution could be considered.
A STUDY ON COMBINATION OF BIOCHAR AND ACTIVATED SLUDGE FOR REMOVING AMMONIUM FROM LOW C/N RATIO WASTEWATER
Authors: Vu Ngoc-Thuy , Do Khac-Uan
Published: January 2021

Grey domestic wastewater from septic tank contains high nitrogen content and low C/N ratio. Therefore, the aerobic biological treatment is often not effective for ammonium and nitrogen removal. The aim of this work was to study the performance of nitrogen removal and production of aerobic granular sludge using biochar produced from coffee husk pyrolyzed at 350oC as biocarrier. It was performed under the lab-scale SBR systems. Low C/N ratio domestic wastewater was used for this work. Coffee husk biochar (CFH 350) was added into the systems at different dosage. As a result, the biochar made from coffee husk pyrolyzed at low temperature promoted the adhesion of sludge onto biochar surface. The particles size of biochar played an important role for adsorption and adhesion capacity of activated sludge on biochar. The growth rate of bacterial sludge was accelerated and higher than control sample when biochar was used with biochar dose of 15 g/L. Though nitrification rate was improved as the bacterial sludge was accelerated, however, at initial stage, the removal efficiency of COD and total nitrogen was not as high as compare to traditional activated aerobic sludge system.
COMBINATION IMPACT OF pH AND TEMPERATURE ON THE TOXICITY OF LEAD ON ZOOPLANKTON IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL WARMING
Authors: Thu-Huong Hoang Thi , Pham Hong Thi , Nguyen Chung Thuy , Nguyen Hien Thi Thu
Published: January 2021

Heavy metal pollution in urban lakes of Hanoi has become one of the major environmental issues in the last decades. Research on the toxicity of Pb is necessary due to the extent of its harm to aquatic ecosystems. The toxicity of Pb to aquatic organisms (EC50 values) depends on different environmental conditions. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of temperature on the toxicity of Pb on the test organism Moina Dubia.  Moina Dubia belongs to the Cladocera group (Cladocera) which is an indigenous creature collected at Lake Hanoi.  Moina Dubia was cultured under laboratory conditions and has been used to conduct EC50 determination for Pb. Moina Dubia grew and developed well in the laboratory and was suitable as a test organism in toxicological studies. A survey from 24oC to 28oC water temperature conditions showed that the EC50 value decreases from 1402 ug/l to 775 ug/l. The higher water temperature, the higher toxicity level of Pb on Moina Dubia. Clear impact of water temperature on toxicity of heavy metal as Pb showed that global warming may gradually lead to potential biodegradation in freshwater ecology.
Synthesis of nano Ag catalyst embeded vanadium phosphorus oxide for oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde by hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Nguyen Kieu Van , Nguyen Khanh Kim , Diep Duyen Thi , Nguyen Hoang Van , Co Thien Thanh
Published: January 2021

In this work, nano silver catalyst loaded on vanadium phosphorus oxide (Ag/VPO) for oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde was synthesized by impregnating method including impregnating of VPO substrate with colloid solution of nano silvers. VPO substrate was prepared by microwave-assisted reaction of vanadium and phosphorus precursors. Meanwhile, nano Ag/PVP was prepared in solution using NaBH4 as reducing agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as protecting agent and spherical-shaped nano particles with mean diameter of about 7.5 nm determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was obtained.
The interaction between [Pt(µ-Cl)(Safrole-1H)]2 and 1,3-diisopropylbenzimidazolium bromide in the presence of Ag2O
Authors: Mai Nguyen Thi , Thao Pham Thi Minh , Chi Nguyen Thi Thanh
Published: January 2021

The interaction of the dimeric complex [Pt(µ-Cl)(Saf)]2 (1) (Saf: deprotonated safrole) with the salt iPr2-bimy·HBr in the presence of Ag2O in acetone solvent was studied. The obtained products were mixed complexes of [PtCl(Saf)(iPr2-bimy)] (2) and [PtBr(Saf)(iPr2-bimy)] (3) with different molar ratio (PI, PII, PIII)  depended on the used molar ratio of 1:salt:Ag2O. In the case of this ratio being 1:2:1.1, the mixture PI with 75% for the complex 2 was obtained. When concentration of the salt was increased, the product was PII with the molar ratio of 2 : 3 of 1 : 3. However, when both the salt and Ag2O were increased at the same time, 2 and 3 in PIII had equal molar proportions. The two main factors affecting the 2 : 3 molar ratio are the different solubility of AgCl and AgBr and the different coordinating ability of Cl- and Br- ligands. The structure of 2 and 3 was determined by 1H NMR spectra and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The results reveal that Saf in 2 and 3 coordinates with Pt(II) via C=Colefinic and C5 of benzene ring. Meanwhile, iPr2-bimy coordinates with Pt(II) through CNCN and is in trans-position compared with the C=Colefinic bond.
The structure of man-person dynamism in Karol Wojtyła’s adequate anthropology
Authors: Pala Amadeusz
Published: January 2021

The issue of dynamism plays an important role in Karol Wojtyła’s philosophical anthropology. His study takes into account the context of the philosophy of being and the philosophy of consciousness. He emphasizes the importance of experiencing one’s own subjectivity in the course of dynamism. The purpose of the article is to present the structure of human dynamism proposed by Wojtyła. It contains three types of dynamism: dynamism of suppositum, dynamism in a human being (when something happens to him) and dynamism of human action. The first is in the metaphysical field, two more in the phenomenological field. This structure also contains the fieri factor understood as directing the dynamism to the subject.
George Florovsky’s critique of the Russian eligious-philosophical renaissance: an attempt at evaluation
Authors: Obolevitch Teresa
Published: January 2021

In the present paper I present a project of Neopatristic synthesis by prominent Russian thinker Fr. George Florovsky, as well as the main reasons for which he criticised the existing style and direction of development of Russian thought in the form of religious-philosophical renaissance, or “the Silver Age.” By engaging in polemics with Florovsky’s approach, I advance four remarks. First, Florovsky himself was under the influence of the Russian religious-philosophical renaissance. Second, it was not Florovsky who initiated the Patristic studies in Russia, since they had been conducted from the 18th century. Third, the Neopatristic synthesis and the “Silver Age” philosophy could have been perceived as complementary projects rather than contrary in their tenor. Fourth, Florovsky left  his own postulate uncompleted. In the concluding part of the paper I compare Florovsky’s and Zenkovsky’s approaches, arguing in favour of the latter thinker.
Fragile subjectivity, or the controversy grounded on the Lévinasian and Ricœurian philosophies of man, and some of its implications for understanding mental health
Authors: Grzywacz Robert
Published: January 2021

The study aims to confront two concepts of fragile subjectivity: one by Emmanuel Lé vinas and the other by Paul Ricœur. However, this is not the purpose in itself. Actually, the first step consists on the pointing out the similarities and divergences that exist between both approaches in dealing with the open and labile trait of human identity. This step further serves to highlight the discussion points which, due to the tension generated by the underlined incompatibilities, stimulate thinking and the search for mediation. To illustrate the fertility of this controversy, it is transferred to the area of philosophy of psychiatry, where an attempt is made to apply both anthropological positions to a philosophical interpretation of the essence of the phenomenon of schizophrenia. This interpretation of the pathogenesis of the chosen phenomenon allows, in turn, for a cautious conclusion to be drawn as to the described controversy between Lé vinas and Ricœur.
The contemporary science and the new theo(cosmo)logy project
Authors: Gałecki Sebastian , Szufa Katarzyna
Published: January 2021

Balázs Mezei, in an essay entitled Demythologizing Christian philosophy: an outline, criticizes the position he describes as “cosmotheology”. By this he means a philosophical refl ection on the world that is strongly conditioned by the pre-Copernican conception of the universe. In his opinion, the only solution to the problem of “cosmotheology” is to “demythologize” philosophy, freeing it from all cosmological conditions, which constitute only an unnecessary burden. Michał Heller presents a diff erent attitude. He argues that theology – that is, rational refl ection on Christian revelation – must take into account what in many publications he calls “the current image of the world.” Science is supposed to be a specific locus theologicus: a source of refl ection and theological argumentation. A theologian cannot turn his back on such important issues for modern science as the Big Bang theory, the eternity and infinity of the universe, fine tuning of the initial conditions of the universe. These data from the natural sciences can not only inspire but also point to new ways of understanding classical theological theories. It is the concept of “inspiration” that seems to be central to the approach that we have defined as “the new theo (cosmology)”. On a few selected examples we want to show how, on the basis of the latest cosmological data, Heller shapes the “new theology”, creatively refl ecting on questions about the creation of the world, its eternity, and Providence caringly supporting the existence of the universe.
Charcoal rot severity and yield components of common bean cultivars inoculated with Macrophomina phaseolina
Authors: Zanella Eduardo José , Berghetti Juliano , Scheidt Bruno Tabarelli , Casa Ricardo Trezzi , Bogo Amauri , Gonçalves Mayra Juline , Berghetti Juliano , Martins Flávio Chupel
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Macrophomina phaseolina is a soilborne pathogen with a wide range of hosts and its control through agricultural practices is difficult. The aim of this study was to quantify the severity of root rot (SRR) caused by M. phaseolina in common bean cultivars and its impact on yield components. The experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions with the common bean cultivars ‘ANFC-9 Agro Norte’, ‘BRS Esteio’, ‘BRS Estilo’, ‘BRS Pérola’, ‘FTS Soberano’, ‘IPR Campos Gerais’, ‘IPR Tangará’, ‘IPR Tuiuiú’, ‘IPR Uirapurú’ and ‘TAA Dama’. Three isolates of M. phaseolina obtained from infected plants of common bean, soybeans and maize were inoculated in the common bean cultivars. In the phenological stage R9 of grain harvest maturity, the SRR and the yield components of root dry mass (RDM), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of grains per plant (NGP) and grain mass per plant (GMP) were assessed. All common bean cultivars were susceptible to M. phaseolina, showing a reduction in NPP, NGP and GMP. SPR was greater than 75%, regardless of the origin of isolates. Considering the average of cultivars, there was a significant decrease of 54.3% in RDM, compared to control treatments. The cultivars ‘IPR Tangará’, ‘ANFC-9 Agro Norte’, ‘BRS Esteio’, ‘BRS Pérola’ and ‘FTS Soberano’ had a decrease in at least one yield component, while a reduction occurred in all components for cultivar ‘IPR Tangará’. There was an average decrease in NPP, NGP and GMP of 7.9%, 7.6% and 7.2%; 13.4%, 12.8% and 6.7%; and 14.2%, 12.9% and 10.1%, considering the isolates obtained from beans, soybeans and maize, respectively.
ETNOMETODOLOGIA E SEUS BASTIDORES NO BONS SONS: DESVENDANDO PERCURSOS
Authors: Almeida Maria Luciana de , Wanderley Lilian Soares Outtes
Published: January 2021

RESUMO Nos estudos em administração existe um debate acerca do que as pessoas realmente fazem e/ou como fazem. Para entender o cotidiano é necessário vivenciar a realidade a fim de gerar interpretações a respeito do contexto de formação das práticas, o que remete ao uso da etnometodologia. Tendo em vista que existem poucas informações sobre o uso da etnometodologia enquanto método em pesquisas empíricas aplicadas no campo de estudos em administração este trabalho tem como objetivo dissertar sobre o percurso teórico-metodológico adotado para construção de um estudo no campo da administração usando como base metodológica a etnometodologia. Para tanto, descreve-se os processos envoltos na realização de uma pesquisa aplicada focando na aproximação do campo e na construção do corpus e na interpretação dos construtos. Este estudo resultou em alguns aspectos relevantes, quais sejam: conexão local e pessoal, densidade da imersão, interpretação do cotidiano e transparência nas interações e identificação de pessoas chave.
Sistema climático e corpo humano: conceitos da física de sistemas complexos para a sala de aula
Authors: Magalhães Diogo Amaral de , Cruz Frederico Firmo de Souza
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é subsidiar reflexões e abordagens didáticas acerca de conceitos da complexidade de sistemas físicos. Em particular, discute-se a complexidade do sistema climático no contexto do aquecimento global a partir de uma analogia com o corpo humano e com base no conceito de temperatura. São apresentadas falsas críticas à ideia de temperatura global e possíveis respostas a elas. Após o sistema climático ser caracterizado como complexo, são abordados aspectos dessa complexidade contemplados nos modelos climáticos. Por fim, utiliza-se o corpo humano como modelo de sistema complexo para discutir a complexidade do sistema climático. Afinal, por que a Terra está doente?
Uma Análise do Ensino Atual da Oncologia e Proposta de um Conteúdo Curricular Mínimo para o Curso de Graduação
Authors: Barrios Carlos Henrique
Published: January 2021

Resumo O ensino da oncologia clínica em nível de graduação carece da tradição que outras disciplinas no curso de Medicina possuem. O rápido desenvolvimento da especialidade, motivado por uma importância cada vez maior das neoplasias no contexto da saúde pública do nosso país, não tem sido acompanhado por programas bem estabelecidos no processo de ensino. O questionamento fundamental que deve ainda ser respondido é qual o conjunto de conhecimentos, atitudes e habilidades que qualquer acadêmico deve possuir ao completar o curso de Medicina. Uma análise de diferentes programas demonstra problemas similares em escolas médicas americanas, européias e latino-americanas. É crítico reconhecer que o ensino da oncologia tem uma característica muito singular que o diferencia da maior parte das matérias clínico-cirurgicas do curso médico. Diferentes aspectos relacionados à oncologia são ensinados em praticamente todas as disciplinas. Isto resulta em fragmentação dos conteúdos e até mesmo na apresentação de informações contraditórias que confundem o processo de aprendizado. Após uma revisão dos problemas identificados em diferentes programas, este trabalho procura iniciar um processo de definição de metas e objetivos para o ensino de graduação na área de oncologia. Pretendemos, com isto, motivar uma discussão ampla e multidisciplinar que resulte no aperfeiçoamento desta proposta.
Desenvolvimento de Habilidades de Aprendizagem: Estudo dos Efeitos de uma Experiência
Authors: Sobral Dejano T.
Published: January 2021

Resumo: O estudo se baseia em dados dos egressos do curso de Medicina no período de 1994-98. Do total de 255 egressos, 122 cursaram uma disciplina optativa visando à promoção da função educativa do aprendiz, com ênfase na melhoria de habilidades de aprendizagem autodirigida e cooperativa. Foram obtidos dados de rendimento cognitivo e de exercício de monitoria em semiologia, bem como de atributos dos egressos antes da opção de seguir ou não a optativa. Os resultados revelaram similaridade de atributos entre os grupos. Na comparação com o grupo controle, o grupo de participantes mo5trou índice de rendimento na graduação significativamente superior. A proporção de participantes que exerceram a monitoria foi também significativamente maior. Entre os participantes, o índice de rendimento na graduação mostrou relações significativas com o escore de desempenho no trabalho em equipe e o nível de autonomia na aprendizagem alcançados na disciplina. O escore de desempenho no trabalho em equipe foi significativamente superior entre os que exerceram a monitoria. A apreciação da experiência eletiva foi estreitamente relacionada ao aprendizado percebido e seu significado pessoal. Os resultados ampliam achados anteriores e sugerem a utilidade do refinamento de habilidades de aprendizagem na busca de um aprendizado mais significativo e duradouro.
Delayed sampling of intraoperative parathormone may be unnecessary during parathyroidectomy in kidney-transplanted and dialysis patients
Authors: Silveira Andre Albuquerque , Brescia Marilia D'Elboux Guimarães , Nascimento Jr. Climério Pereira do , Arap Sergio Samir , Montenegro Fabio Luiz de Menezes
Published: January 2021

Abstract Introduction: Some authors advise in favor of delayed sampling of intraoperative parathormone testing (ioPTH) during parathyroidectomy in dialysis and kidney-transplanted patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the intensity and the role of delayed sampling in the interpretation of ioPTH during parathyroidectomy in dialysis patients (2HPT) and successful kidney-transplanted patients (3HPT) compared to those in single parathyroid adenoma patients (1HPT). Methods: This was a retrospective study of ioPTH profiles in patients with 1HPT, 2HPT, and 3HPT operated on in a single institution. Samples were taken at baseline ioPTH (sampling at the beginning of the operation), ioPTH-10 min (10 minutes after excision of the parathyroid glands), and ioPTH-15 min (15 minutes after excision of the parathyroid glands). The values were compared to baseline. Results: Median percentage values of ioPTH compared to baseline (100%) were as follows: 1HPT, ioPTH-10 min = 20% and ioPTH-15 min = 16%; 2HPT, ioPTH-10 min = 14% and ioPTH-15 min = 12%; 3HPT, ioPTH-10 min = 18% and ioPTH-15 min = 15%. Discussion: The reduction was equally effective at 10 minutes in all groups. In successful cases, ioPTH decreases satisfactorily 10 minutes after parathyroid glands excision in dialysis and transplanted patients, despite significant differences in kidney function. The postponed sampling of ioPTH appears to be unnecessary.
Rice bran modulates renal disease risk factors in animals submitted to high sugar-fat diet
Authors: Siqueira Juliana Silva , Francisqueti-Ferron Fabiane Valentini , Garcia Jéssica Leite , Silva Carol Cristina Vágula de Almeida , Costa Mariane Róvero , Nakandakare-Maia Erika Tiemi , Moreto Fernando , Ferreira Ana Lúcia A. , Minatel Igor Otávio , Ferron Artur Junio Togneri , Corrêa Camila Renata
Published: January 2021

Abstract Introduction: Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are common risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD arises due to many pathological insults, including inflammation and oxidative stress, which affect renal function and destroy nephrons. Rice bran (RB) is rich in vitamins and minerals, and contains signiﬁcant amount of antioxidants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect of RB on renal disease risk factors. Methods: Male Wistar rats (±325 g) were divided into two experimental groups to received a high sugar-fat diet (HSF, n = 8) or high sugar-fat diet with rice bran (HSF + RB, n = 8) for 20 weeks. At the end, renal function, body composition, metabolic parameters, renal inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Results: RB prevented obesity [AI (HSF= 9.92 ± 1.19 vs HSF + RB= 6.62 ± 0.78)ENT#093;, insulin resistance [HOMA (HSF= 83 ± 8 vs. HSF + RB= 42 ± 11)ENT#093;, dyslipidemia [TG (HSF= 167 ± 41 vs. HSF + RB=92 ± 40)ENT#093;, inflammation [TNF-α (HSF= 80 ± 12 vs. HSF + RB=57 ± 14), IL-6 (903 ± 274 vs. HSF + RB=535 ± 277)], oxidative stress [protein carbonylation (HSF= 3.38 ± 0.18 vs. HSF + RB=2.68 ± 0.29), RAGE (HSF=702 ± 36 vs. RSF + RB=570 ± 190)], and renal disease [protein/creatinine ratio (HSF=1.10 ± 0.38 vs. HSF + RB=0.49 ± 0.16)]. Conclusion: In conclusion, rice bran prevented renal disease by modulating risk factors.
Software solution to design energy-efficient retrofitting projects at district scale
Authors: Martín-Toral Susana , Serna-González Víctor I , Álvarez-Díaz Sonia , García-Fuentes Miguel Á , Hernández-Moral Gema , Sicilia-Gómez Álvaro , Costa-Jutglar Gonçal
Published: January 2021

The EU strategies to reduce carbon dioxide emissions highlight the importance of renovating the existing building stock. It is one of the most contributing sectors to these undesired emissions to the atmosphere. The business-as-usual practices for designing energy-efficient retrofitting projects are still too time consuming and imprecise, and their supporting tools are not interconnected, provoking a lack of trust within the sector, particularly from investors. There is a need to improve these practices by reducing the errors and the time required to evaluate retrofitting alternatives to select the most appropriate according to the stakeholders’ priorities. To address this gap, the Optimised Energy Efficient Design Platform for Refurbishment at District Level (OptEEmAL) solution enables the automatic generation of scenarios of energy conservation measures and their simulation and optimisation, based on data provided by the users. This solution automatically launches and connects the processes that the different stakeholders usually carry out in a long period of time. This allows testing a more varied set of solutions and engages stakeholders along the process supported by the integrated project delivery approach. As a result, time is reduced, as well as errors and, therefore, costs, which will lead to increase in efficiency and confidence among stakeholders.
Novel carbon-nanotube-enhanced composite load sensor to monitor the whole-life structural performance of buildings
Authors: Xuereb Konrad , Parkin Ivan P
Published: January 2021

This paper presents research on novel load sensors for use in building structures carried out by the principal investigator in his multidisciplinary doctorate research. The sensors consist of carbon-nanotube-enhanced cement matrix and polymer composites. They record a change in electrical resistance when subjected to a change in imposed load. The sensor types are subjected to load tests, Raman spectroscopy characterisation and scanning electron microscopy tests. The gauge factors of the preferred sensor types are calculated and compared with those obtained from the literature. A critique of the preferred novel sensor system is provided.
Dynamic response and safety assessment of propylene tower subjected to blasting vibration
Authors: Liu Yijia , Lu Wenbo , Sun Pengchang , Suliman Muhammad , Wang Linggui , Yan Peng
Published: January 2021

This paper investigates the dynamic response and assesses the safety of a propylene tower subjected to blasting vibrations. A group of monitoring experiments on the response of the tower to blasting vibrations was carried out to this end. A model of a cantilever beam was used for the response along the horizontal direction and that of a strut for along the vertical direction. The theoretical and measured displacements were consistent in terms of time history curves and peak values. The design spectrum of the tower suitable for sustaining blasting vibrations was then proposed and verified, and its safety was assessed in combination with local requirements on seismic design. The results show that the first six modes of response should be considered under blasting vibrations in the horizontal direction, instead of the first three modes as in the case of an earthquake. The first three modes should be considered under blasting vibrations in the vertical direction. Owing to the importance higher modes in this scenario, the shear should be taken as the primary object of evaluation when assessing the safety of a tall propylene tower subjected to blasting vibrations.
Ten Days Late and Billions of Dollars Short: The Employment Effects of Delays in Paycheck Protection Program Financing
Authors: Doniger Cynthia L. , Kay Benjamin
Published: January 2021

Delay in the provision of Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans due to insufficient initial funding under the CARES Act substantially and persistently reduced employment. Delayed loans increased job losses in May and persistently reduced recalls throughout the summer. The magnitude and heterogeneity of effects suggest significant barriers to obtaining external financing, particularly among small firms. Effects are inequitably distributed: larger among the self-employed, less well paid, less well educated and--importantly for the design of future programs--in very small firms. Our estimates imply the PPP saved millions of jobs but larger initial funding could have saved millions more, particularly if it had been directed toward the smallest firms. About half of the jobs lost to insufficient PPP funding are lost in firms with fewer than 10 employees, despite such firms accounting for less than 20 percent of employment.
RESERVES OF UNDERGROUND PHYTOMASS AND PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF MEADOW ECOSYSTEMS (KAYBASOV SEGMENT OF THE MIDDLE OB FLOODHLAIN)
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Shepeleva L.F. , Ledeneva Y.A. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

Indicators of the structure of the plant matter of the meadows of the Kaybasov subtaiga section of the Middle Ob floodplain are presented. The reserves of underground organs in a layer of 0–20 cm, the aboveground phytomass of meadows, and the characteristic parameters of the structure of plant matter were determined. It is shown that in this area, in the absence of floodplain flooding in dry and warm 2019, the indicators of the reserves of the structure of the plant matter correspond to forest-steppe conditions.
Germanium Extraction from Sulfuric Acid Solutions in the Presence of Thiocyanate Ion
Authors: Grigorieva Natalya A. , Kulmuchamedov Gani K. , Fleitlikh Isaak Yu.
Published: January 2021

The extraction of Ge (IV) from sulfuric acid solutions in the presence of thiocyanate ion with various extractants (caprylic, poly(2-ethylhexyl)phosphonitrile, bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphinic acids, trialkylmethylammonium thiocyanate, etc.) has been studied. In all cases, the thiocyanate ion increases germanium extraction as compared to the extraction from sulfuric acid solutions. During the germanium extraction with bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 301, HR), a significant increase in the germanium extraction is due to the formation of a cationic intracomplex compound of the composition [Ge(OH)3-nRn]+[HSO4], where n = 1-3. Due to the large synergistic effect for the extraction of Ge, it is possible to use an extractant with a concentration of 0.1-0.15 mol/l. Trialkylmethylammonium thiocyanate (TAMAR), also shows a high efficiency of germanium extraction from sulfate thiocyanate solutions. For 5-6 stages of extraction with a 0.5 M solution of ТАМАР, the extraction of Ge was 99.5 %. The composition of the extracted complex supposedly corresponds to (R4N)2[Ge(CNS)6]. The use of extraction systems based on Cyanex 301 and ТАМАR in the presence of thiocyanate ion significantly reduces the concentration of extractants and is of undoubted practical interest for hydrometallurgical processes for the germanium extraction
Metal–Metal and Metal–Ligand Bonding in Trinuclear Vinylidene Rhenium-Iron-Platinum Complex Studied by Topological Analysis of Electron Density
Authors: Shor Aleksey M. , Laletina Svetlana S. , Rubaylo Anatoly I. , Ivanova-Shor Elena A.
Published: January 2021

Metal–metal and metal–ligand bonding in vinylidene ReFePt complex was studied by density functional method and topological analysis of electron density. Topological analysis did not found direct bonding between the metal atoms pointing to indirect metal–metal interaction mediated via the bridging vinylidene ligand. At the same time, the delocalization index δ(Fe,Pt) reveals the strong Fe–Pt interaction that allows for supposing a chemical bonding between these atoms
Development of Nitrogen-Containing Fertilizer Based on Pine Bark and Study of its Effectiveness in Wheat Growing in the Agricultural Zone of the Krasnoyarsk
Authors: Belash Mikhail Yu. , Sobolev Anatoly A. , Veprikova Evgenia V. , Romanov Vasily N. , Kozulina Natalia S. , Snitkova Tatiana A. , Vasilenko Albina V. , Mikhailets Mikhail А. , Lipshin Alexey G. , Taran Oxana P.
Published: January 2021

A method for production a new fertilizer was proposed. This method is based on the impregnation of a substrate from pine bark with a water solution of ammonium nitrate, and containing 20.0 wt. % nitrogen. The physicochemical properties of a pine bark substrate and prepared fertilizers were studied. A field experiment was conducted on growing wheat of the variety “Krasnoyarskaya 12”. The yield of wheat when fertilized with pine bark was applied to the soil increased by 2.9 centners/ha compared to blank experiment without fertilizer. The use of this fertilizer results in an increase in the quality (higher nutritional value) of the grains in comparison blank experiments with ammonium nitrate and without fertilizer
The Influence of Retention of Volatile Substances in Pyrolysis Zone of Kaa-Khemsky and Mezhegeisky Coal Deposits on Component Composition of Coal Tar
Authors: Mongush Grigoriy R. , Chuldum Kezhik K. , Garyntseva Natalia V. , Kuznetsov Boris N.
Published: January 2021

Pyrolysis of Kaa-Khemsky and Mezhegeisky coals was investigated with an increase in temperature to 900 °С with a change in pressure in the reactor by increasing the retention time of volatile substances in the pyrolysis zone at 600 °С and 640 °С. Liquid products of coal pyrolysis were extracted by hexane and benzene. The composition of liquid extracts was studied by chemical analysis, GC-MS and IR-spectroscopy, the solid product of extraction-by elemental analysis and scanning electron microscopy. It was established, that coal nature and pyrolysis conditions affect significantly on the yield of liquid, solid and gaseous products. Also, the retention time of volatile substances in pyrolysis zone influences on the yield of solid product (increases from 60 %wt to 73 % wt) and on composition of hexane and benzene soluble tar fractions. This is also facilitated by an increase in pressure in the reactor as a result of the release of volatile substances from coal in the pyrolysis zone
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL CHARTER STANDARDS OF RIGHT TO HOUSING: UKRAINE’S COMPLIANCE WITH COMMITMENTS
Authors: Fedorova A. L. , Lysenko O. M.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the protection of the human right to housing in Ukraine in the context of the analysis of the fulfillment of obligations of Ukraine under the article 31 of the European Social Charter revised. Ukraine accepted the first two paragraphs of Article 31 devoted to the right to housing, avoiding the provision enshrined under third paragraph. Since the time of ratification of the ESC, the fulfillment of these obligations has remained problematic for Ukraine in spite of including the key aspects of the right to housing in the Constitution of Ukraine, detailing in numerous national legal acts. European Committee of Social Rights’ recommendations issued following the consideration of Ukraine reports for different periods, including the latest recommendations in 2020 for 2014-2017 are analyzed in the article. The main problems of bringing
Ukrainian legislation into accordance of ESC standards in the sphere of right to housing have been identified and highlighted.
By comparing the main comments of the European Committee of Social Rights of different years on the right to housing, authors concluded that the lack of significant progress in the implementation of Committee’s recommendations in Ukraine is associated with many factors, among which the total lack of Ukrainian translation of the decisions and conclusions of the Committee, the lack of understanding of the Committee's interpretation of the right to housing and as a result, delays in the submission of state reports, not providing sufficient information in reports, even statistical (for example, data of the number of homeless people), as well as the lack of an integrated complex understanding of the necessary changes in national legislation and practice for the adequate implementation of the Charter standards.
Holistic Face Processing: the Eye Tracking Data
Authors: Menshikova G.Y. , Pichugina A.O.
Published: January 2021

In modern literature, the question of holistic and analytic processing of facial perception and facial expressions is actively debated. Various experimental paradigms have been developed for their study, one of which was based on the face inversion effect. In a number of works to study the role of eye movements in holistic and analytic processing, the procedure of presenting upright and inverted faces was followed by recording eye movements. The results were contradictory: some works revealed significant changes in the characteristics of eye movements in the inversion effect, but the others have not found the changes. The aim of our work was to study individual eye movement strategies in the task of assessing the attractiveness of upright and inverted faces. The participants were 57 students. The results showed that a decrease in the role of holistic processing in the face inversion effect led to a significant change in fixation durations and saccade amplitudes, as well as to a change in the distribution of the dwell time on four areas of interest (eyes, nose, nose bridge and mouth). Two groups of participants with individual types of eye movement strategies (static and dynamic) were identified. Comparing eye movement strategies for upright and inverted faces showed that the dwell time distribution on areas of interest varied significantly depending on the group. These data showed the importance of incorporating the individual eye movement strategies when studying holistic and analytic face processing.