bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with habitual time spent in different physical activity intensities using multiday accelerometry
Authors: Jaeschke Lina , Steinbrecher Astrid , Boeing Heiner , Gastell Sylvia , Ahrens Wolfgang , Berger Klaus , Brenner Hermann , Ebert Nina , Fischer Beate , Greiser Karin Halina , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Kaaks Rudolf , Keil Thomas , Kemmling Yvonne , Kluttig Alexander , Krist Lilian , Leitzmann Michael , Lieb Wolfgang , Linseisen Jakob , Löffler Markus , Michels Karin B. , Obi Nadia , Peters Annette , Schipf Sabine , Schmidt Börge , Zinkhan Melanie , Pischon Tobias
Published: January 2020

To investigate factors associated with time in physical activity intensities, we assessed physical activity of 249 men and women (mean age 51.3 years) by 7-day 24h-accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+). Triaxial vector magnitude counts/minute were extracted to determine time in inactivity, in low-intensity, moderate, and vigorous-to-very-vigorous activity. Cross-sectional associations with sex, age, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking, alcohol consumption, education, employment, income, marital status, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia were investigated in multivariable regression analyses. Higher age was associated with more time in low-intensity (mean difference, 7.3 min/d per 5 years; 95% confidence interval 2.0,12.7) and less time in vigorous-to-very-vigorous activity (−0.8 min/d; −1.4, −0.2), while higher BMI was related to less time in low-intensity activity (−3.7 min/d; −6.3, −1.2). Current versus never smoking was associated with more time in low-intensity (29.2 min/d; 7.5, 50.9) and less time in vigorous-to-very-vigorous activity (−3.9 min/d; −6.3, −1.5). Finally, having versus not having a university entrance qualification and being not versus full time employed were associated with more inactivity time (35.9 min/d; 13.0, 58.8, and 66.2 min/d; 34.7, 97.7, respectively) and less time in low-intensity activity (−31.7 min/d; −49.9, −13.4, and −50.7; −76.6, −24.8, respectively). The assessed factors show distinct associations with activity intensities, providing targets for public health measures aiming to increase activity.
YqfB protein from Escherichia coli: an atypical amidohydrolase active towards N4-acylcytosine derivatives
Authors: Stanislauskienė Rūta , Laurynėnas Audrius , Rutkienė Rasa , Aučynaitė Agota , Tauraitė Daiva , Meškienė Rita , Urbelienė Nina , Kaupinis Algirdas , Valius Mindaugas , Kaliniene Laura , Meškys Rolandas
Published: January 2020

Human activating signal cointegrator homology (ASCH) domain-containing proteins are widespread and diverse but, at present, the vast majority of those proteins have no function assigned to them. This study demonstrates that the 103-amino acidEscherichia coliprotein YqfB, previously identified as hypothetical, is a unique ASCH domain-containing amidohydrolase responsible for the catabolism ofN4-acetylcytidine (ac4C). YqfB has several interesting and unique features: i) it is the smallest monomeric amidohydrolase described to date, ii) it is active towards structurally differentN4-acylated cytosines/cytidines, and iii) it has a high specificity for these substrates (kcat/Kmup to 2.8 × 106 M−1 s−1). Moreover, our results suggest that YqfB contains a unique Thr-Lys-Glu catalytic triad, and Arg acting as an oxyanion hole. The mutant lacking theyqfBgene retains the ability to grow, albeit poorly, onN4-acetylcytosine as a source of uracil, suggesting that an alternative route for the utilization of this compound exists inE. coli. Overall, YqfB ability to hydrolyse variousN4-acylated cytosines and cytidines not only sheds light on the long-standing mystery of how ac4C is catabolized in bacteria, but also expands our knowledge of the structural diversity within the active sites of amidohydrolases.
Ecological drivers of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis detection in mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) using IS900 as proxy
Authors: Cunha Mónica V. , Rosalino Luís Miguel , Leão Célia , Bandeira Victor , Fonseca Carlos , Botelho Ana , Reis Ana C.
Published: January 2020

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of Johne’s disease or paratuberculosis, a chronic infection affecting domestic ruminants worldwide. Despite sporadic reports of MAP occurrence in non-ruminants, information on the risk factors predisposing for infection is still scarce and evidence of transmission paths linking the livestock-wildlife-environment interfaces also remains lacking. In this study, we predicted that environmental, host-related, land use and human driven disturbance factors would modulate carnivore exposure to MAP. To test these hypotheses, we performed a retrospective survey, based on microbiological and molecular methods, in mainland Portugal including five sympatric species from the Herpestidae, Canidae, Viverridae, and Mustelidae families (n = 202) and examined 16 variables as putative predictors of MAP occurrence. Molecular evidence of MAP using IS900 as proxy was demonstrated in 7.43% (95%CI: 4.55–11.9) of surveyed carnivores, the highest proportions being registered for red fox (Vulpes vulpes) (10%; 95%CI: 4.0–23) and Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) (6.0%; 95%CI: 3.2–11). We demonstrate that important species of the Mediterranean carnivore guild, such as stone marten (Martes foina) and common genet (Genetta genetta), may also be exposed to MAP, being this the first time that occurrence in genet is reported. The high proportion of DNA-positive specimens, concurrent with the apparent lack of gastro-enteric lesions and molecular confirmation of IS900 in feces, argue for the presence of subclinical carriers that occasionally shed bacteria, potentially aiding as source of infection to susceptible species and possibly contributing for environmental contamination. Achievement of MAP isolation would prove beyond any doubt that MAP is present in this wildlife population. Ecological modelling results suggested that the probability of MAP infection using IS900 as proxy in mongoose is positively associated with higher altitude and temperature stability, as well as with lower annual rainfall. Density of livestock farms was found not to be a significant predictor, which may indicate that the livestock-wildlife interface is probably not important as an infection route for mongoose.
Use of silver-based additives for the development of antibacterial functionality in Laser Sintered polyamide 12 parts
Authors: Turner Robert D. , Wingham James R. , Paterson Thomas E. , Shepherd Joanna , Majewski Candice
Published: January 2020

Infectious diseases (exacerbated by antimicrobial resistance) cause death, loss of quality of life and economic burden globally. Materials with inherent antimicrobial properties offer the potential to reduce the spread of infection through transfer via surfaces or solutions, or to directly reduce microbial numbers in a host if used as implants. Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques offer shorter supply chains, faster delivery, mass customisation and reduced unit costs, as well as highly complicated part geometries which are potentially harder to clean and sterilise. Here, we present a new approach to introducing antibacterial properties into AM, using Laser Sintering, by combining antimicrobial and base polymer powders prior to processing. We demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the resultant composite parts are similar to standard polymer parts and reveal the mode of the antibacterial activity. We show that antibacterial activity is modulated by the presence of obstructing compounds in different experimental media, which will inform appropriate use cases. We show that the material is not toxic to mammalian cells. This material could be quickly used for commercial products, and our approach could be adopted more generally to add new functionality to Laser Sintered parts.
Intramuscular Botulinum toxin A injections induce central changes to axon initial segments and cholinergic boutons on spinal motoneurones in rats
Authors: Jensen D. B. , Klingenberg S. , Dimintiyanova K. P. , Wienecke J. , Meehan C. F.
Published: January 2020

Intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin block pre-synaptic cholinergic release at neuromuscular junctions producing a temporary paralysis of affected motor units. There is increasing evidence, however, that the effects are not restricted to the periphery and can alter the central excitability of the motoneurones at the spinal level. This includes increases in input resistance, decreases in rheobase currents for action potentials and prolongations of the post-spike after-hyperpolarization. The aim of our experiments was to investigate possible anatomical explanations for these changes. Unilateral injections of Botulinum toxin A mixed with a tracer were made into the gastrocnemius muscle of adult rats and contralateral tracer only injections provided controls. Immunohistochemistry for Ankyrin G and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter labelled axon initial segments and cholinergic C-boutons on traced motoneurones at 2 weeks post-injection. Soma size was not affected by the toxin; however, axon initial segments were 5.1% longer and 13.6% further from the soma which could explain reductions in rheobase. Finally, there was a reduction in surface area (18.6%) and volume (12.8%) but not frequency of C-boutons on treated motoneurones potentially explaining prolongations of the after-hyperpolarization. Botulinum Toxin A therefore affects central anatomical structures controlling or modulating motoneurone excitability explaining previously observed excitability changes.
Transcriptional trajectories of anther development provide candidates for engineering male fertility in sorghum
Authors: Dhaka Namrata , Krishnan Kushagra , Kandpal Manu , Vashisht Ira , Pal Madan , Sharma Manoj Kumar , Sharma Rita
Published: January 2020

Sorghum is a self-pollinated crop with multiple economic uses as cereal, forage, and biofuel feedstock. Hybrid breeding is a cornerstone for sorghum improvement strategies that currently relies on cytoplasmic male sterile lines. To engineer genic male sterility, it is imperative to examine the genetic components regulating anther/pollen development in sorghum. To this end, we have performed transcriptomic analysis from three temporal stages of developing anthers that correspond to meiotic, microspore and mature pollen stages. A total of 5286 genes were differentially regulated among the three anther stages with 890 of them exhibiting anther-preferential expression. Differentially expressed genes could be clubbed into seven distinct developmental trajectories using K-means clustering. Pathway mapping revealed that genes involved in cell cycle, DNA repair, regulation of transcription, brassinosteroid and auxin biosynthesis/signalling exhibit peak expression in meiotic anthers, while those regulating abiotic stress, carbohydrate metabolism, and transport were enriched in microspore stage. Conversely, genes associated with protein degradation, post-translational modifications, cell wall biosynthesis/modifications, abscisic acid, ethylene, cytokinin and jasmonic acid biosynthesis/signalling were highly expressed in mature pollen stage. High concurrence in transcriptional dynamics andcis-regulatory elements of differentially expressed genes in rice and sorghum confirmed conserved developmental pathways regulating anther development across species. Comprehensive literature survey in conjunction with orthology analysis and anther-preferential accumulation enabled shortlisting of 21 prospective candidates for in-depth characterization and engineering male fertility in sorghum.
Vascular smooth muscle TRPC3 channels facilitate the inverse hemodynamic response during status epilepticus
Authors: Cozart Michael A. , Phelan Kevin D. , Wu Hong , Mu Shengyu , Birnbaumer Lutz , Rusch Nancy J. , Zheng Fang
Published: January 2020

Human status epilepticus (SE) is associated with a pathological reduction in cerebral blood flow termed the inverse hemodynamic response (IHR). Canonical transient receptor potential 3 (TRPC3) channels are integral to the propagation of seizures in SE, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) TRPC3 channels participate in vasoconstriction. Therefore, we hypothesize that cerebrovascular TRPC3 channels may contribute to seizure-induced IHR. To examine this possibility, we developed a smooth muscle-specific TRPC3 knockout (TRPC3smcKO) mouse. To quantify changes in neurovascular coupling, we combined laser speckle contrast imaging with simultaneous electroencephalogram recordings. Control mice exhibited multiple IHRs, and a limited increase in cerebral blood flow during SE with a high degree of moment-to-moment variability in which blood flow was not correlated with neuronal activity. In contrast, TRPC3smcKO mice showed a greater increase in blood flow that was less variable and was positively correlated with neuronal activity. Genetic ablation of smooth muscle TRPC3 channels shortened the duration of SE by eliminating a secondary phase of intense seizures, which was evident in littermate controls. Our results are consistent with the idea that TRPC3 channels expressed by cerebral VSMCs contribute to the IHR during SE, which is a critical factor in the progression of SE.
Structure-based development of caged dopamine D2/D3 receptor antagonists
Authors: Gienger Marie , Hübner Harald , Löber Stefan , König Burkhard , Gmeiner Peter
Published: January 2020

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter of great physiological relevance. Disorders in dopaminergic signal transduction are associated with psychiatric and neurological pathologies such as Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia and substance abuse. Therefore, a detailed understanding of dopaminergic neurotransmission may provide access to novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of these diseases. Caged compounds with photoremovable groups represent molecular tools to investigate a biological target with high spatiotemporal resolution. Based on the crystal structure of the D3 receptor in complex with eticlopride, we have developed caged D2/D3 receptor ligands by rational design. We initially found that eticlopride, a widely used D2/D3 receptor antagonist, was photolabile and therefore is not suitable for caging. Subtle structural modification of the pharmacophore led us to the photostable antagonist dechloroeticlopride, which was chemically transformed into caged ligands. Among those, the 2-nitrobenzyl derivative 4 (MG307) showed excellent photochemical stability, pharmacological behavior and decaging properties when interacting with dopamine receptor-expressing cells.
A micromechanics based elasto-plastic damage model for unidirectional composites under off-axis tensile loads
Authors: Wang Yanchao , Chen Dong , Li Nengwen , Yuan Huanquan , Zhu Zengyu , Li Yongxiang , Huang Zhengming
Published: January 2020

Nonlinear properties of composite materials are essential for their engineering application. In this work, a three-phase micromechanics bridging model is employed to evaluate the nonlinear behavior of a composite from properties of fiber, matrix and interphase. It is assumed that the matrix elastoplasticity and the interface damage are two major sources of the nonlinearity. The former is described by the J2 flow rule. The latter is approximated by an interphase with stiffness degradation. For an interphase, an equivalent damage stress is introduced to account for the effect of normal and shear stress on the interface damage growth. Further, an explicit empirical equation is developed to relate the equivalent damage stress and the stiffness degradation of an interphase. The present elasto-plastic damage model is validated by comparing with experimental data of a series of composites under off-axis tensile loads.
Heart rate variability as an independent predictor for 8-year mortality among chronic hemodialysis patients
Authors: Chang Yu-Ming , Huang Ya-Ting , Chen I-Ling , Yang Chuan-Lan , Leu Show-Chin , Su Hung-Li , Kao Jsun-Liang , Tsai Shih-Ching , Jhen Rong-Na , Shiao Chih-Chung
Published: January 2020

The repeated measurements of heart rate variability (HRV) is more relevant than a single HRV measurement in predicting patient prognosis but is less addressed previously. This prospective study aimed to investigate the association between repeated measurements of HRV and long-term mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients. The 164 patients (65.0 ± 13.1 years; woman, 57.3%) were enrolled from June 1, 2010, to August 31, 2010, and received four HRV measurements (before and during the index hemodialysis session) after the enrollment. The baseline characteristic and clinical variables, including mortality, were documented. The joint modeling method and Cox regression were used for statistical analyses. After an 8-year follow-up, 79 patients expired, and 85 patients survived. We found that higher normalized high-frequency (nHF) (hazard ratio [HR] 1.033) as well as lower very-low-frequency (HR 0.990), Variance (HR 0.991), normalized low-frequency (HR 0.999, P = 0.006), and low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (HR 0.796) were independent predictors for cardiovascular mortality. Whereas the independent predictors for infection-associated mortality included higher nHF (HR 1.033) as well as higher age (HR 19.29) and lower serum albumin (HR 0.01, P = 0.001). (all P < 0.001 unless otherwise stated) In conclusion, HRV measurement predicts long-term mortality among hemodialysis patients.
Human liver stem cells express UGT1A1 and improve phenotype of immunocompromised Crigler Najjar syndrome type I mice
Authors: Famulari Elvira Smeralda , Navarro-Tableros Victor , Herrera Sanchez Maria Beatriz , Bortolussi Giulia , Gai Marta , Conti Laura , Silengo Lorenzo , Tolosano Emanuela , Tetta Ciro , Muro Andrés Fernando , Camussi Giovanni , Fagoonee Sharmila , Altruda Fiorella
Published: January 2020

Crigler Najjar Syndrome type I (CNSI) is a rare recessive disorder caused by mutations in the Ugt1a1 gene. There is no permanent cure except for liver transplantation, and current therapies present several shortcomings. Since stem cell-based therapy offers a promising alternative for the treatment of this disorder, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of human liver stem cells (HLSC) in immune-compromised NOD SCID Gamma (NSG)/Ugt1−/− mice, which closely mimic the pathological manifestations in CNSI patients. To assess whether HLSC expressed UGT1A1, decellularised mouse liver scaffolds were repopulated with these cells. After 15 days’ culture ex vivo, HLSC differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells showing UGT1A1 expression and activity. For the in vivo human cell engraftment and recovery experiments, DiI-labelled HLSC were injected into the liver of 5 days old NSG/Ugt1−/− pups which were analysed at postnatal Day 21. HLSC expressed UGT1A1 in vivo, induced a strong decrease in serum unconjugated bilirubin, thus significantly improving phenotype and survival compared to untreated controls. A striking recovery from brain damage was also observed in HLSC-injected mutant mice versus controls. Our proof-of-concept study shows that HLSC express UGT1A1 in vivo and improve the phenotype and survival of NSG/Ugt1−/− mice, and show promises for the treatment of CNSI.
Exploring Patterns of Dynamic Size Changes of Lesions after Hepatic Microwave Ablation in an In Vivo Porcine Model
Authors: Bressem Keno K. , Vahldiek Janis L. , Erxleben Christoph , Poch Franz , Shnaiyen Seyd , Geyer Beatrice , Lehmann Kai S. , Hamm Bernd , Niehues Stefan M.
Published: January 2020

Microwave ablation (MWA) is a type of minimally invasive cancer therapy that uses heat to induce necrosis in solid tumours. Inter- and post-ablational size changes can influence the accuracy of control imaging, posing a risk of incomplete ablation. The present study aims to explore post-ablation 3D size dynamics in vivo using computed tomography (CT). Ten MWA datasets obtained in nine healthy pigs were used. Lesions were subdivided along the z-axis with an additional planar subdivision into eight subsections. The volume of the subsections was analysed over different time points, subsequently colour-coded and three-dimensionally visualized. A locally weighted polynomial regression model (LOESS) was applied to describe overall size changes, and Student’s t-tests were used to assess statistical significance of size changes. The 3D analysis showed heterogeneous volume changes with multiple small changes at the lesion margins over all time points. The changes were pronounced at the upper and lower lesion edges and characterized by initially eccentric, opposite swelling, followed by shrinkage. In the middle parts of the lesion, we observed less dimensional variations over the different time points. LOESS revealed a hyperbolic pattern for the volumetric changes with an initially significant volume increase of 11.6% (111.6% of the original volume) over the first 32 minutes, followed by a continuous decrease to 96% of the original volume (p < 0.05).
Using social media user attributes to understand human–environment interactions at urban parks
Authors: Song Xiao Ping , Richards Daniel R. , Tan Puay Yok
Published: January 2020

Urban parks and green spaces are among the few places where city dwellers can have regular contact with nature and engage in outdoor recreation. Social media data provide opportunities to understand such human–environment interactions. While studies have demonstrated that geo-located photographs are useful indicators of recreation across different spaces, recreation behaviour also varies between different groups of people. Our study used social media to assess behavioural patterns across different groups of park users in tropical Singapore. 4,674 users were grouped based on the location and content of their photographs on the Flickr platform. We analysed how these groups varied spatially in the parks they visited, as well as in their photography behaviour. Over 250,000 photographs were analysed, including those uploaded and favourited by users, and all photographs taken at city parks. There were significant differences in the number and types of park photographs between tourists and locals, and between user-group axes formed from users’ photograph content. Spatial mapping of different user groups showed distinct patterns in the parks they were attracted to. Future work should consider such variability both within and between data sources, to provide a more context-dependent understanding of human–environment interactions and preferences for outdoor recreation.
Exploratory study on the role of emotion regulation in perceived valence, humour, and beneficial use of depressive internet memes in depression
Authors: Akram Umair , Drabble Jennifer , Cau Glhenda , Hershaw Frayer , Rajenthran Ashileen , Lowe Mollie , Trommelen Carissa , Ellis Jason G.
Published: January 2020

This study examined whether individuals experiencing significant depressive symptoms would differ from non-depressed controls in their interpretation of internet memes related to depression, whilst incorporating the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulty. Forty-three individuals presenting clinically significant depressive symptoms (indicating ≥15 on the PHQ-9) and 56 non-depressed controls (indicating ≤4) rated the emotional valance, humour, relatability, shareability, and mood improving potential of 32 depressive and control (depicting general neutral or positive social commentaries) internet memes. Measures of depression and emotion dysregulation were also completed. The perception of humour, relatability, shareability and mood improving potential of depressive, but not control, memes were all greater amongst individuals with symptoms of depression relative to controls. However, these differences were mediated by deficits in the ability to deploy adaptive emotion regulation strategies. Despite their negative orientation, internet memes related to depression may be beneficial for individuals experiencing consistent symptoms. Specifically, by potentially facilitating: a humorous take on a negative experience and situation; the perception of peer-support through affiliation with others experiencing similar symptoms; and adaptive emotion regulation strategies amongst those with deficits in the ability to deploy such strategies.
Prognostic Nomogram For Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Yanming , Qu Song , Pan Xinbin , Huang Shiting , Zhu Xiaodong
Published: January 2020

The TNM staging system of NPC is the most important model for survival prediction. However, this model does not consider the biological variability of the tumor itself. This study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting the overall survival of loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 487 Patients with confimed nasopharyngeal carcinoma who underwent IMRT and chemotherapy were included in this study. We established prognostic nomogram for overall survival (OS) based on the Cox proportional hazards model. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were measured using the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve. Nomogram was validated externally by assessing discrimination and calibration using an independent data set. Continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to analyze whether nomogram improve the prediction of survival than TNM stage system. Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) was performed to stratifying risk of patients. Age, T-stage, N-stage, NLR, LDH were included in the nomogram for OS. The C-index of the nomogram for OS were 0.726 (95% CI, 0.690 to 0.762); The calibration curve showed the nomogram was able to predict 5-year OS accurately. The nomogram had a higher C-index than the TNM stage system (0.726 VS 0.632, P-value < 0.001). The NRI was 0.235 (95% CI: 0.129 to 0.396, P < 0.001), the IDI was 0.079 (95% CI: 0.034 to 0.396, p < 0.001). RPA was performed to stratify patients into three risk group, OS was significantly different between all three risk groups. High risk groups can be benefited survival from adjuvant chemotherapy. The nomogram outperformed the TNM staging system in predicting the OS of loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma underwent intensity modulated radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
Author Correction: miR-20a suppresses chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells by regulating Atg7
Authors: Xu Rui , Wei Yuhao , Yin Xing , Shi Bing , Li Jingtao
Published: January 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Engineering a humanized telomerase reverse transcriptase gene in mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Cheng De , Zhao Yuanjun , Zhang Fan , Zhang Jinglong , Wang Shuwen , Zhu Jiyue
Published: January 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Publisher Correction: The glycogen synthase kinase MoGsk1, regulated by Mps1 MAP kinase, is required for fungal development and pathogenicity in Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Zhou Tengsheng , Dagdas Yasin F. , Zhu Xiaohan , Zheng Shiqin , Chen Liqiong , Cartwright Zachary , Talbot Nicholas J. , Wang Zonghua
Published: January 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Recurrent pregnancy loss is associated with a pro-senescent decidual response during the peri-implantation window
Authors: Lucas Emma S. , Vrljicak Pavle , Muter Joanne , Diniz-da-Costa Maria M. , Brighton Paul J. , Kong Chow-Seng , Lipecki Julia , Fishwick Katherine J. , Odendaal Joshua , Ewington Lauren J. , Quenby Siobhan , Ott Sascha , Brosens Jan J.
Published: January 2020

During the implantation window, the endometrium becomes poised to transition to a pregnant state, a process driven by differentiation of stromal cells into decidual cells (DC). Perturbations in this process, termed decidualization, leads to breakdown of the feto-maternal interface and miscarriage, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we reconstructed the decidual pathway at single-cell level in vitro and demonstrate that stromal cells first mount an acute stress response before emerging as DC or senescent DC (snDC). In the absence of immune cell-mediated clearance of snDC, secondary senescence transforms DC into progesterone-resistant cells that abundantly express extracellular matrix remodelling factors. Additional single-cell analysis of midluteal endometrium identified DIO2 and SCARA5 as marker genes of a diverging decidual response in vivo. Finally, we report a conspicuous link between a pro-senescent decidual response in peri-implantation endometrium and recurrent pregnancy loss, suggesting that pre-pregnancy screening and intervention may reduce the burden of miscarriage.
Ultrafast photonics of two dimensional AuTe2Se4/3 in fiber lasers
Authors: Liu Wenjun , Liu Mengli , Chen Xu , Shen Tao , Lei Ming , Guo Jiangang , Deng Huixiong , Zhang Wei , Dai Chaoqing , Zhang Xiaofei , Wei Zhiyi
Published: January 2020

The exploration of promising nonlinear optical materials, which allows for the construction of high-performance optical devices in fundamental and industrial applications, has become one of the fastest-evolving research interests in recent decades and plays a key role in the development and innovation of optics in the future. Here, by utilizing the optical nonlinearity of a recently synthesized, two dimensional material AuTe2Se4/3 prepared by the self-flux method, a passively mode-locked fiber laser operating at 1557.53 nm is achieved with 147.7 fs pulse duration as well as impressive stability (up to 91 dB). The proposed mode-locked fiber laser reveals superior overall performance compared with previously reported lasers which are more widely studied in the same band. Our work not only investigates the optical nonlinearity of AuTe2Se4/3, but also demonstrates its ultrafast photonics application. These results may stimulate further innovation and advancement in the field of nonlinear optics and ultrafast photonics.
Microencapsulation improves chondrogenesisin vitroand cartilaginous matrix stabilityin vivocompared to bulk encapsulation
Authors: Li Fanyi , Levinson Clara , Truong Vinh X. , Laurent-Applegate Lee Ann , Maniura-Weber Katharina , Thissen Helmut , Forsythe John S. , Zenobi-Wong Marcy , Frith Jessica E.
Published: January 2020

The encapsulation of cells into microgels is attractive for applications in tissue regeneration.
Cytosine-functionalized bioinspired hydrogels for ocular delivery of antioxidant transferulic acid
Authors: Varela-Garcia Angela , Concheiro Angel , Alvarez-Lorenzo Carmen
Published: January 2020

Cytosine endows HEMA hydrogels with affinity for antioxidants, such as transferulic acid (TA), having complementary hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking ability. The affinity was reinforced with EGPEM, suggesting molecular cleft-like binding sites.
Multifunctional coatings combining bioactive peptides and affinity-based cytokine delivery for enhanced integration of degradable vascular grafts
Authors: Clauder Franziska , Zitzmann Franziska D. , Friebe Sabrina , Mayr Stefan G. , Robitzki Andrea A. , Beck-Sickinger Annette G.
Published: January 2020

Mussel-derived surface coatings present integrin- and heparin-binding peptides for cell adhesion and modulator protein delivery to improve the endothelialization of biodegradable cardiovascular implants.
Additively manufactured functionally graded biodegradable porous zinc
Authors: Li Y. , Pavanram P. , Zhou J. , Lietaert K. , Bobbert F. S. L. , Kubo Yusuke , Leeflang M. A. , Jahr H. , Zadpoor A. A.
Published: January 2020

First report on the effect of topology design on the biodegradation, mechanical properties, and cell responses of additively manufactured Zn.
Pd nanoparticles confined in mesoporous N-doped carbon silica supports: a synergistic effect between catalyst and support
Authors: Oliveira Rafael L. , Kerstien Julius , Schomäcker Reinhard , Thomas Arne
Published: January 2020

Palladium nanoparticles of similar size were deposited on different supports, layers of carbon materials (with and without nitrogen doping) on the surface of a MCF (mesocellular foam) silica.
Engineering an alcohol dehydrogenase with enhanced activity and stereoselectivity toward diaryl ketones: reduction of steric hindrance and change of the stereocontrol element
Authors: Wu Kai , Yang Zhijun , Meng Xiangguo , Chen Rong , Huang Jiankun , Shao Lei
Published: January 2020

Engineering an alcohol dehydrogenase with enhanced activity and stereoselectivity toward diaryl ketones: reduction of steric hindrance and change of the stereocontrol element.
Impact of iron- and/or sulfate-reduction on a cis-1,2-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride respiring bacterial consortium: experiments and model-based interpretation
Authors: Murray Alexandra , Maillard Julien , Rolle Massimo , Broholm Mette , Holliger Christof
Published: January 2020

Process understanding of microbial communities containing organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) is important for effective bioremediation of chlorinated ethenes.
Photochemistry of 2,2-dichloroethanol: kinetics and mechanism of the reaction with Cl atoms and OH radicals
Authors: Sulbaek Andersen Mads. P. , Hass Sofie A. , Lyster Kjertan , Avetikyan Mila , Wallington Timothy J. , Nielsen Ole J.
Published: January 2020

Smog chamber/FTIR study investigates the atmospheric chemistry and environmental impact of 2,2-dichloroethanol.
Attenuation of benign prostatic hyperplasia by hydrophilic active compounds from pigmented rice in a testosterone implanted rat model
Authors: Yeewa Ranchana , Sakuludomkan Wannachai , Kiriya Chanarat , Khanaree Chakkrit , Chewonarin Teera
Published: January 2020

Hexane insoluble fraction—an anthocyanin-rich extract from purple rice—presented the anti-prostatic hyperplasia effects in the testosterone implanted rat model.
Geometry-induced protein reorientation on the spikes of plasmonic gold nanostars
Authors: Lopes Rodrigues Rosália , Xie Fang , Porter Alexandra E. , Ryan Mary P.
Published: January 2020

Protein orientation changes on side of AuStr's spikes when protein concentration increases but remains unaltered at tips of those spikes.
Homogeneous nucleation of Li2O2under Li–O2battery discharge
Authors: Zakharchenko Tatiana K. , Sergeev Artem V. , D. Bashkirov Alexander , Neklyudova Polina , Cervellino Antonio , Itkis Daniil M. , Yashina Lada V.
Published: January 2020

Initial stages of Li-O2battery discharge are characterized by high supersaturation of lithium peroxide in highly solvating media. It leads to homogeneous nucleation of Li2O2nanoplates instantly assembled into mesocrystals in the solution bulk.
Self-reporting of payload release in polymer coatings based on the inner filter effect
Authors: Theerasilp Man , Crespy Daniel
Published: January 2020

New polymeric nanoparticle sensors are developed for monitoring the release of non-fluorescent payloads in coatings by the naked eye.
Fabrication of bio-based polyurethane nanofibers incorporated with a triclosan/cyclodextrin complex for antibacterial applications
Authors: Lee Joo Hyung , Park Sang Ho , Kim Seong Hun
Published: January 2020

Bio-polyurethane nanofibers containing triclosan–cyclodextrin complexes to enhance antibacterial properties were prepared using an electrospinning method.
Synthesis and activation of an iron oxide immobilized drug-mimicking reporter under conventional and pulsed X-ray irradiation conditions
Authors: Barosi Anna , Dunkel Petra , Guénin Erwann , Lalatonne Yoann , Zeitoun Philippe , Fitton Isabelle , Journé Clément , Bravin Alberto , Maruani Antoine , Dhimane Hamid , Motte Laurence , Dalko Peter I.
Published: January 2020

The nano-sized delivery system allowed releasing complex organic ligands by X-ray irradiation. Marked difference was observed in the release efficiency by using conventional Cs-137 vs. pulsed sources.
Synthesis and adsorption performance of La@ZIF-8 composite metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Li Junqi , Chang Haizhou , Li Yuhao , Li Qiuping , Shen Kaiyuan , Yi Han , Zhang Jiwei
Published: January 2020

In this study, La(OH)3 was successfully loaded on ZIF-8 by immersion deposition method, to form lanthanide-based metal–organic frameworks (La@ZIF-8) composites.
Effects of a natural PTP1B inhibitor from Rhodomela confervoides on the amelioration of fatty acid-induced insulin resistance in hepatocytes and hyperglycaemia in STZ-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Guo Shuju , Wang Lijun , Chen Dong , Jiang Bo
Published: January 2020

A natural bromophenol BPN was identified as a competitive PTP1B inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo.
Study on the wetting interface of Zr–Cu alloys on the SiC ceramic surface
Authors: Zhou Bofang , Wang Jinfeng , Feng Keqin
Published: January 2020

A Zr–Cu alloy, as a new type of filler metal, is proposed for brazing SiC ceramic under special working conditions.
Rapid CO2 capture-to-mineralisation in a scalable reactor
Authors: Zhang Ning , Santos Rafael M. , Šiller Lidija
Published: January 2020

A CO2 mineralisation process using brine solutions with a catalyst was investigated from experimental and modelling perspectives.
A self-healing, robust adhesion, multiple stimuli-response hydrogel for flexible sensors
Authors: Zhu Yi , Lin Ling , Chen Yu , Song Yeping , Lu Weipeng , Guo Yanchuan
Published: January 2020

The ionic GPNs gel presents excellent self-healing, robust adhesion, sensitive multiple responses and good biocompatibility, which can lead to its application as a sensitive pressure sensor for use in monitoring human motion.
Controllable synthesis of conical BiVO4 for photocatalytic water oxidation
Authors: Wang Li Jie , Bai Jing Yang , Zhang Yi Jun , Mao Fangxin , Liu Yuanwei , Yuan Haiyang , Liu Peng Fei , Yang Hua Gui
Published: January 2020

Free-standing conical BiVO4 crystals featuring a curved surface and sharp tips were synthesized. The sample exhibited an enlarged visible light absorption region and good photocatalytic water oxidation ability.
A multifunctional MXene additive for enhancing the mechanical and electrochemical performances of the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Liao Song-Yi , Huang Xing-Wen , Rao Qiu-Shi , Li Yue-Zhu , Hu Jun-Qi , Zheng Feng , Ma Zhi-Yuan , Cui Ting-Ting , Liu Yi-Dong , Min Yong-Gang
Published: January 2020

The additive of few-layer and rod-like MXene shows great effect on improving the mechanical property and electrochemical performance of Ni-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1 cathode.
The identification of optimal active boron sites for N2reduction
Authors: Yin Hui , Gan Li-Yong , Wang Ping
Published: January 2020

Identifying the nature of active centers and structure–performance correlations is of fundamental importance for the successful design of more energy-efficient and/or selective catalysts.
Large area high-performance bismuth vanadate photoanode for efficient solar water splitting
Authors: Huang Meirong , Lei Wenhai , Wang Min , Zhao Shuji , Li Changli , Wang Moran , Zhu Hongwei
Published: January 2020

Large-scale BiVO4 photoanodes were prepared for solar water splitting. A photocurrent density of water oxidation of ∼2.23 mA cm−2 at 1.23 VRHE and ∼0.83% conversion efficiency at 0.65 VRHE were achieved, with <4% decay after 5 h of operation under harsh conditions.
Self-assembling RATEA16 peptide nanofiber designed for rapid hemostasis
Authors: Wei Shuda , Chen Fangping , Geng Zhen , Cui Ruihua , Zhao Yujiao , Liu Changsheng
Published: January 2020

In this study, we synthesized a novel polypeptide material, RATEA16, by the solid phase method, and investigated the secondary structure, self-assembly performance, gelation ability, biocompatibility and hemostatic efficiencyin vitroandin vivo.
Pure-blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes by co-doping a supplementary host material into a light-emitting layer as an electron transport ladder
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Zhou Liang , Wu Ruixia , Zhu Qi , Sun Weidong , Li Shuaibing , Zhang Hongjie
Published: January 2020

Electroluminescent (EL) performances of pure-blue fluorescent emitter 9,10-bis[4-(6-methylbenzothiazol-2-yl)phenyl]anthracene (DBzA) were significantly improved by employing a supplementary host material as an electron transport ladder.
A porous framework infiltrating Li–O2 battery: a low-resistance and high-safety system
Authors: Zhang Yi-Peng , Li Yi-Qiu , Cui Zhong-Hui , Wang Jia-Cheng , Yamamoto Osamu , Imanishi Nobuyuki , Zhang Tao
Published: January 2020

With the concept of “porous framework infiltrating” based on solid electrolytes, Li–O2 batteries exhibit non-flammability, low-resistance and excellent cycling performance.
Bi‐level optimised emergency load/generator shedding strategy for AC/DC hybrid system following DC blocking
Authors: Zhu Shaoxuan , Wang Tong , Wang Zengping
Published: January 2020

This study presents a bi‐level optimised emergency control strategy, including load and generators shedding following DC blocking. Due to different constraints for networks with different voltages, a bi‐level optimised model spanning from the high voltages networks to the lower voltages is put forward. For the higher voltage level network, the overload area is identified and the seriousness of the overload is classified after DC blocking with the help of wide‐area measurement systems. Then, the objective function is built with the minimum total amount of load shedding and generator tripping to be solved by improved particle swarm optimisation (IPSO), considering the constraints of frequency and voltage stability, respectively. For the low voltage level networks, the least cost as the objective function with the constraints of load shedding and generator tripping strategy based on the analytic hierarchy process‐fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The modified 10‐machine 39‐bus system with HVDC lines is used as the test system. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed strategy can give good control performance with consideration of different optimisation constraints following the DC line blocking.
Particle acceleration with anomalous pitch angle scattering in 3D separator reconnection
Authors: Borissov A. , Neukirch T. , Kontar E. P. , Threlfall J. , Parnell C. E.
Published: January 2020

Context.Understanding how the release of stored magnetic energy contributes to the generation of non-thermal high energy particles during solar flares is an important open problem in solar physics. There is a general consensus that magnetic reconnection plays a fundamental role in the energy release and conversion processes taking place during flares. A common approach for investigating how reconnection contributes to particle acceleration is to use test particle calculations in electromagnetic fields derived from numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of reconnecting magnetic fields. These MHD simulations use anomalous resistivities that are orders of magnitude larger than the Spitzer resistivity that is based on Coulomb collisions. The processes leading to such an enhanced resistivity should also affect the test particles, for example, through pitch angle scattering. This study explores the effect of such a link between the level of resistivity and its impact on particle orbits and builds on a previous study using a 2D MHD simulation of magnetic reconnection.

Aims.This paper aims to extend the previous investigation to a 3D magnetic reconnection configuration and to study the effect on test particle orbits.

Methods.We carried out orbit calculations using a 3D MHD simulation of reconnection in a magnetic field with a magnetic separator. The orbit calculations use the relativistic guiding centre approximation but, crucially, they also include pitch angle scattering using stochastic differential equations. The effects of varying the resistivity and the models for pitch angle scattering on particle orbit trajectories, final positions, energy spectra, final pitch angle distribution, and orbit duration are all studied in detail.

Results.Pitch angle scattering widens highly collimated beams of unscattered orbit trajectories, allowing orbits to access previously unaccessible field lines; this causes final positions to spread along other topological structures which could not be accessed without scattering. Scattered orbit energy spectra are found to be predominantly affected by the level of anomalous resistivity, with the pitch angle scattering model only playing a role in specific, isolated cases. This is in contrast to the study involving a 2D MHD simulation of magnetic reconnection, where pitch angle scattering had a more noticeable effect on the energy spectra. Pitch scattering effects are found to play a crucial role in determining the pitch angle and orbit duration distributions.
Gamma Irradiator Facilities for Processing Plant Industries Products
Authors: Satmoko Ari , Ardiyati Tanti , Gunawan Hyundianto Arif
Published: January 2020

Indonesia is rich in diversity of agroindustrial products. Yet the tropical climate causes agroindustrial products being easily damaged. Techniques for food preservation have been widely known such as drying, cooling or freezing, canning, chemical use and others. To complement these techniques, a promising unconservative technique using ionizing radiation can be safely used to preserve food, without leaving residual radiation or hazardous chemical residues. Unfortunately in Indonesia, the irradiation technique was still not common since few industries have used this technique. Compared to the neighbouring countries, only Indonesia as a big country had no interest in developing irradiator technology. To introduce this technique to the public, especially investors, BATAN in 2017 built a pilot project named as Iradiator Gamma Merah Putih (IGMP). It was designed with maximum activity up to 2 MCi using Cobalt-60 as radioactive sources and can serve from low to high dose. By the time, the number of agroindustrial customers, as well as their quantity to be processed, are increasing. The irradiation technique becomes an appropriate technology for Indonesian agroindustries. It is then necessary to build gamma irradiation facilities in areas that have large agricultural yields. This way can minimalize crop losses and increase the quality of the agricultural products.
Biochemical Response of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.) to NPK Fertilization Based on Spent Bleaching Earth in Field Scale
Authors: Anugrah Cahya , Indradewa Didik , Tarwaca Susila Putra Eka
Published: January 2020

Indonesia is one of the largest crude palm oil (CPO) producing countries in the world. To improve oil quality, CPO purification is carried out including bleaching earth. The process produced spent bleaching earth (SBE) and deoiled spent bleaching earth (DSBE) classified as hazardous and toxic materials waste. SBE and DSBE have the potential as an adhesive material in the manufacture of NPK fertilizers. This study aimed to compare the effects of SBE and DSBE on replacing clay minerals in terms of biochemical response. The study was arranged in randomized completly block design with three treatments and blocks. The treatment consisted of NPK fertilizer containing 10% brown clay (control), NPK fertilizer containing 5% pure clay minerals + 5% SBE, and NPK fertilizer containing 5% pure clay minerals + 5% DSBE. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and tested using LSD test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that NPK containing DSBE was able to increase nitrate reductase activity (NRA) (41.9%), chlorophyll b content (4.7%), glycine betaine (GB) (2.5%), decreasing electrolite leakage (19%), malondialdehyde (MDA) (23%) compared NPK containing brown clay. Thus the use of NPK containing DSBE and NPK containing SBE to be able to replace NPK containing brown clay.