bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gloria's Monologue
Authors: Androulakis Victoria
Published: August 2024

Barbie showcased, in part, many women's dream world—one in which we are dominant. It also presented the everyday truths of women's lives and society's expectations. As young women, we see posed models on billboards and on TV, and now that we have access to personal cellphones that highlight and broadcast images of beautiful women, we are reminded constantly of women who are apparently naturally more attractive than we are. We are bombarded by advertisements that tell us about the steps we need to take if we are to achieve this level of perfection. It is exhausting! Being a young woman in the digital age is extremely challenging; not only are we comparing ourselves to our friends and to famous women but now we can see women from around the world with whom we did not even know we were competing.
Nuclear Proliferation and International Security Case Studies of Iran and North Korea
Authors: Jan Waheed , Fahim Khan Muhammad , Farooq Naila
Published: August 2024

The widespread existence of weapons presents a threat, to global security as evidenced by the circumstances involving Iran and North Korea. Both countries pursued nuclear policies, leading to regional and global conflict. Rightly needing peace, Iran’s nuclear energy has faced international skepticism, resulting in sanctions and the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action to Control its Nuclear Activities (JCPOA) but the effectiveness of "the JCPOA remains controversial", worrying Iran to comply according to the law. In contrast, North Korea's nuclear program is growing more military, with many tests of nuclear weapons and missile launches in defiance of UN resolutions. Despite international attempts, including treaties and penalties, North Korea's nuclear development continues to deteriorate, defying global non-proliferation rules. Global security requires better international collaboration, robust verification methods, and long-term transnational solutions.
Assessment of Cardiac Involvement in Adult Filipino Patients Recovered From Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Infection Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Sales-Florentino Maria Stephanie Alessa R. , Javier Saturnino P. , Sawit Simonette T. , Geron Valerie Z. , Rosa Joel A. Dela , Quetua Paul C. , Rosas Noel L.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND Cardiac sequelae after recovery from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has not been well-established. Recent studies have used cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to assess myocardial involvement or ongoing myocarditis in patients with prior COVID-19 infection. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to identify the CMR imaging findings in adult Filipino COVID-19 recovered patients. METHODS This was a single-center retrospective observational cohort study of adult Filipino COVID-19 recovered patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Patient demographics, CMR findings, blood marker results, and treatment received were obtained. RESULTS Of the 77 included patients, 42 (54.55%) were male, and the median age was 45 years. Only 6 patients had completely normal scans, making the prevalence of an abnormal CMR 92.21% (95% CI 83.5%–96.5%). All those with an abnormality demonstrated late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), and of these, 64 (90%) had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Thirtyfour patients (44%) had evidence of myocardial edema. Among patients with myocardial edema and LGE, the median numbers of involved segments were 4 (range 1-16) and 7 (range 1-15), respectively. Myocardial edema was most frequently found in the mid inferolateral segment (53%), followed by the basal inferior septum, basal anterior septum, and basal inferolateral segments (each with 41%). Meanwhile, late gadolinium enhancements were most commonly located in the basal inferior septum (75%), mid inferior septum (80%), and basal anterior septum (73%). CONCLUSION Cardiac involvement, particularly edema and late gadolinium enhancement, affecting multiple myocardial segments were observed in a considerable number of patients recovered from COVID-19.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Yuliani Arpia , Nugraha Yandika , Samura Asri Ode
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan pembelajaran berbasis proyek (PBP) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa sekolah menengah atas melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review. Data diperoleh dari pengindek Scispace dan Elicit dengan pencarian terbatas pada Google Scholar, DOAJ, dan Scopus untuk terbitan tahun 2013 hingga 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PBP, terutama dengan pendekatan Project-Based Learning (PBL), memiliki potensi yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika. Faktor-faktor pendukung, seperti desain pembelajaran yang sesuai dan kemampuan guru, serta integrasi nilai-nilai Islami dalam konteks pembelajaran matematika, juga diidentifikasi sebagai elemen penting dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar dan pengembangan karakter siswa. Temuan ini menekankan perlunya integrasi PBP dalam kurikulum untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran matematika. Studi ini memberikan landasan bagi penelitian lebih lanjut tentang strategi implementasi yang efektif dan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang pengaruh PBP terhadap pembelajaran matematika di tingkat sekolah menengah atas.Abstract: The study aims to evaluate the impact of project-based learning (PBL) on high school students' mathematical problem-solving abilities through a Systematic Literature Review approach. Data were obtained from Scispace and Elicit indexes, with searches limited to Google Scholar, DOAJ, and Scopus publications from 2013 to 2023. The findings indicate that PBL, particularly when employing a Project-Based Learning (PBL) approach, significantly enhances mathematical problem-solving skills [4]. Supporting factors such as appropriate instructional design, teacher competence, and the integration of Islamic values in the context of mathematical learning, are also identified as crucial elements in improving learning outcomes and student character development. These findings underscore the importance of integrating PBL into the curriculum to enhance the effectiveness of mathematical instruction. The study provides a foundation for further research on effective implementation strategies and a deeper understanding of the impact of PBL on mathematics education at the high school level.
Physical characteristics of agricultural waste decomposition using different bio-activators
Authors: Muliatiningsih Muliatiningsih
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the physical characteristics of agricultural waste decomposed with different bio-activator sources. The method used in the research is an experimental method using a one-factor Completely Randomised Design, namely the source of Bio-Activator with 4 (four) treatments, namely B0: Commercial EM 4, B1: PGPR bamboo, B2: MOL, B3: Coconut water.  Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that 12 experimental units were obtained. The parameters observed included moisture content, biomass weight change, temperature and compost colour. The research was conducted in the Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah Mataram University. The data obtained were statistically analysed using Analysis of Variance at the 5% level. Treatment results that have a significant effect will be continued with the BNJ test at the 5% level. The results showed that the temperature value, the final weight of compost and the percentage difference in compost weight were not significantly different in all treatments.
Effect Of Variation In Volume Addition Of Tofu Waste To Rice Straw On Biogas Formation
Authors: Pacitra Silda , Karyanik Karyanik , Abdullah Sirajuddin H. , Dewi Earlyna Sinthia
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Biogas is a renewable energy source. Biogas can be produced from agricultural waste and industrial waste. One of the alternatives to handling tofu industry waste that currently has a lot to be developed is to convert industrial waste into alternative fuel in the form of biogas. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of tofu liquid waste on changes in temperature, pH, volume and pressure that occur during the formation of biogas. This research was conducted from July to August for 22 days. The method used in this research is the experimental method by conducting direct experiments. The design used in this study was a one-factor Completely Randomised Design (CRD), consisting of P0 with rice straw + 4 litres of water, P1 with the addition of 20% tofu liquid waste, P2 with 40%, P3 with 60%, P4 with 80% and P5 with 100%. Observation data were analysed with Analysis of Variance at the 5% level. The parameters observed in the study were temperature, pH, volume and pressure. Based on the results of the analysis that has been done, the lowest temperature was obtained in the P3 treatment at 27.39 ° C, while the highest temperature was obtained in the P2 treatment at 27.86 ° C. The lowest pH was obtained in the P5 treatment at 4.24, while the highest pH was obtained in the P1 treatment at 4.57. The lowest volume was obtained in the P1 treatment at 0.00000011513 m3, while the highest volume was obtained in the P0 treatment at 0.00000161291m3, the lowest pressure was obtained in the P3 treatment at 109.08 N/m2, while the highest pressure was obtained in the P2 treatment at 109.25 N/m2. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of tofu waste to rice straw does not significantly affect the formation of biogas produced.
Čistilište u Bibliji
Authors: Turalija Dubravko
Published: August 2024

»Jahve kažnjava i prašta, dovodi u podzemlje (šeol) i odande izvodi« (Tob 13, 2). Starozavjetna i novozavjetna teologija šeola (dalj. šeᵓôl) prati logični slijed ljudskoga življenja i umiranja. Čovjek ulazi u šeᵓôl onako kako je sebe izgradio za života, što znači da se u šeᵓôlu ne mijenja temeljna ljudska opredijeljenost i narav. U šeᵓôlu se ne može dogoditi prevrat da se pravednik prometne u bezbožnika, a bezakonik da postane pravednik. Ipak, ključna karakteristika šeᵓôla nije nepromjenjivost zauzetoga položaja, nego nemogućnost iskazivanja pohvale Bogu. Ta pak vlastitost karakterizira pravednikov život koji svojom pravednošću veliča Boga. Stoga pravedniku po svojoj naravi to mjesto ne pripada jer onaj koji je za života hvalio i blagoslivljao Jahvu ne može ga prestati veličati ni u šeᵓôlu. Bezbožniku međutim, koji za života ne veliča Jahvu, odgovara poslijesmrtni šeᵓôlski ambijent, u kojemu se ne zaziva Božje ime. Tako dolazimo do zaključka da šeᵓôl pripada isključivo grješnicima, odnosno onima koji ne slave Jahvu. Time je teologija šeᵓôla dosegnula svoj vrhunac u nauci da šeᵓôl nije vječno prebivalište pravednika. Pravednik, doduše, silazi do šeᵓôla, ali mu tamo ne trune duša niti postaje dio bezličnoga šeᵓôlskoga sadržaja. Budući da ne može ostati u šeᵓôlu, opravdana duša, pošto se oslobodi svojih navika koje su je za života navodile na grijeh i pošto se ustali u svetosti, uzdiže se u visine, a sam Bog jest taj koji ju izbavlja i koji ju nagrađuje sretnom vječnošću. Za dominantnu biblijsku teologiju nije upitno da će pravednici gledati lice Božje, nego ono što privilegira jedne naspram drugih jest vrijeme boravka u mjestu mrtvih, tj. šeᵓôlu. Razrađena kršćanska teologija to vrijeme boravka duša u mjestu mrtvih naziva čistilište.
Improving The Reading Comprehension of The Eight Grade Students of SMP Negeri 12 Parepare Through Guessing Game
Authors: Soraya Ayu
Published: August 2024

Reading comprehension is one of English aspect that is not easy to be learned. When doing observation at SMP Negeri 12 Parepare, the researcher found that the students’ reading comprehension was low. It was caused by the unsatisfied of the teacher’s technique in teaching learning process. The researcher has suggested a technique namely guessing game to solve the problems. Then, the objective of this research is to find out whether or not the use of guessing game able to improve the students' reading comprehension. The researcher applied quasi-experimental method, with two group pre- test and post- test design. The samples in this research consisted of 40 students from two classes. The first is experimental class handled through guessing game and the second is control class handled through think pair share. It is taken from the population of the eight grade students of SMP Negeri 12 Parepare. The researcher used cluster random sampling technique. The result of the data analysis shows that the students’ reading comprehension improved significantly. It was showed that the mean score of pre-test was 46.66 and post-test was 72.33. It proves that the use of contextual guessing technique can improve the reading comprehension of the eight grade students of SMP Negeri 12 Parepare. After analyzing the data by using SPSS ver. 21.0, the result of t-test value was 2.394. In this case, t-test value was (2394) was higher than t-teble value (2040). It means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted.
The Effect of Teacher Creativity On Student Learning Interest of The Seventh Grade Students at Junior High School 2 Parepare
Authors: Nun Afifa  , Patahuddin  , Amir Patintingan
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted to know how the teachers effect on their students. In particular, the influence of teacher creativity on students' interest in learning in seventh grade SMP Negeri 2 Parepare. Teacher creativity is one way to increase student interest in learning, therefore researchers researched to determine how efficiently the influence of teachers on students in seventh grade of Junior High School 2 Parepare.
This type of research is a qualitative one conducted with teachers and students. The population of this research is the seventh grade of junior high school 2 Parepare. The respondents of this study consisted of 3 seventh grade teachers. Researchers conducted interview and observation to obtain data.
The results showed that the teacher's creativity in teaching greatly increased student interest in learning. Students become very enthusiastic and excited about the teaching and learning process. Especially in this modern era, teaching millennial children is very difficult; therefore it requires high teacher creativity.
The Use of Fix Up Strategy to Improve The Students’ Reading Comprehension Skill of SMP Negeri 10 Parepare
Authors: Nursyuhada  , Ammang Latifa
Published: August 2024

Reading skill is one of skill in language teaching and learning, besides grammar and vocabulary. Reading is the important thing for students in the process of acquiring, learning, mastering and using the language they learn. Without having Reading ability or without read, student and teacher cannot understand, pay attention, listen, and of course read. Based on the observation in SMP Negeri 10 Parepare, the students cannot be read the English passage well because the students are lack of attention, analyze and understanding the reading passage Then, the researcher hopes this proplem will be solved through fix up Strategy. Therefore, the objective of this research is to find out and analyze the use of fix up Strategy able to improve the students Reading Comprehension of eight grade student of SMP Negeri 10 Parepare.
 
This research used quasi experimental method by using two classes with pre-test and post-test design. The population of this research was the eight year students of SMP Negeri 10 Parepare. In sampling process was taken cluster random sampling and this sample of this research VIII.1 as experimental class with 31 students and VIII.4 as control class with 31 students. The students were give treatment with Narrative texts. The data were collected by using Reading comprehension test.
 
The result of data analysis shows that the students’ reading comprehension improved significantly. It was showed by the mean score of pre-test and post-test was 52.45 and the post-test was 80.41 It showed that through fix up Strategy as a mcan improve the reading comprehension of tenth year students of SMP Negeri 10 Parepare. Furthermore, after analyzing the data by using the test formula, the result of t-test value in post-test was 2.948 and t-table value was (2.000) It means that the t-test value (2.948) was higher than t-table value (2.000) Those indicate that H1 was accepted and H0 was rejected and the students who were taught through fix up Strategy were better than the students who were taught through Think, pair and share. From the results above can be concluded that fix up Strategy as method can improve the Reading Comprehension of the Eight year students at SMP Negeri 10 Parepare.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUE TO INCREASE STUDENTS SPEAKING ABILITY BY ONLINE CLASS AT THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 4 PAREPARE
Authors: Ismail
Published: August 2024

Interviewing technique was attractived technique to implement on English learning process specially in speaking field of the students that still low, caused of teachers teachnique that made students less of self-confidence and doesn’t actively in learning process. It was proved based on the students achievment in researchers observatioan data which was showed that their speaking ability was still low. Therefore, the objective of this research was to find out whether or not the implementation of interviewing technique can increase students speaking ability at the tenth grade students of SMAN 4 Parepare in online class by using whatsapp group as a teaching media.
The researcher applied pre-experimental class design with one group pretest and posttest design. The population of this research was tenth grade students of SMAN 4 Parepare academic year 2020/2021. The sample of this research was taken by using purposive sampling which was class X MIPA 3 that consisted of 20 students as a samples.
The result of data analysis showed that the students speaking ability was increased. It was proved by the mean score in pretest was 56,3 while the mean score in posttest was 80,95. So, the score of t-test 2,217 was greater than t-table th degree of freedom (df = n − 1) 19 for 0,05 level of significance. It can be said that the implementing of interviewing technique increased the students speaking ability at the tenth grade students of SMAN 4 Parepare.
Improving The Reading Comprehension of The Eighth Grade Students of SMP Negeri 4 Parepare Through Cooperative Integrated Reading Composition (CIRC) Method
Authors: Suci Anugrah
Published: August 2024

The objective of the research is to find out whether or not the use of Cooperative Integrated Reading Composition (CIRC) method able to improve the students’ reading comprehension of the eighth grade students at SMP Negeri 4 Parepare The researcher applied quasi-experimental method, with two classess pretest and posttest design. The sample analysis consisted of 40 students from two classes. In the sampling process was taken cluster random sampling and this sample of this research took VIII.8 as experimental class with 20 students and VIII.7 as control class. The students given treatment with material about narrative text. The data were collected by using reading test. In experimental class through Cooperative Integrated Reading Composition (CIRC) method and control class through Discussion Conventional Method. The result of the data analysis showed that Cooperative Integrated Reading Composition (CIRC) method can improved the reading comprehension significantly. It was proved by the mean score on pretest was 55 and the posttest was 79. In addition, after analyzing the data by using the test formula, the result of t-test value is 2.654 and t-table value 1,685. It means that the t-test value was greater than t-table value (1.685). It indicated that H1 was accepted and H0 was rejected. Therefore, the hypothesis of the research is reading comprehension of the eighth year students at SMP Negeri 4 Parepare who are taught through Cooperative Integrated Reading Composition method is better than the students who are taught through Discussion Conventional Method
Identifying the Students’ Needs in Teaching Speaking to the Middle School Students in Pinrang Indonesia
Authors: Haryanti Tri , Nur Rafiah
Published: August 2024

English is one of the subject that learners must be follow in Indonesia such as in play group, elementary school, junior high school, senior high school even in a college. It will have a long time for the students learn this subject. It still doesn't work as we hope,  the students reason that their lack of speaking coming from the media of teachingteaching,  ascribe from the teaching strategy and the material. It is found from pondok pesantren Darul Ulum Ath Thahiriyah paladang pinrang (2018),  the teacher found that there are 95% students’ classification speaking is poor, and 5% fair in this school. Although the government and the expert had been put a big attention in this subject but a problem still occurring until today, therefore the researcher decided to involve a learning strategy on this paper, the researcher will analyze the students’ need to find out the problems, that can helps the students’ and teacher to be solve it It will analyze and formulate by long step and recur, besides it will be supporting by several sources such as the students, alumnus and the teacher, this research question is what are the students of SMPN 1 problems in teaching learning english ?The researcher had been applied apply a mixed method, quantitative and descriptive approaches. There are two instruments used, Interview and questioners. The finding is the teacher's interview said that students have a lack pay attention in learning this subject, it causes by the teacher strategy that unsuitable with the students' needs, it supports by some suggestion of the alumni, and students' expectation that they want to more variant in speaking activity. The students rarely hope to cover this because of it is the international language, several hope it can help to take a scholarship, some of them said because they want to abroad and speak with the native speaker, and most of them hope it can help their dream, their ambition, the researcher also has given four choices of media, these are a picture, video, song, and story, there are 8 students choose the story, 10 students choose the picture, 36 students choose song and 36 also choose video. The students’ lack occurring by the teaching learning process that unsuitable with them, they have lot of hopes in teaching learning as EFL Learner including students high expect to the activities in learning process are dominated by answer the question, students expect that they could participating in a conversation of English daily, they expect high to communicate with a native speaker, and of students expect to participating in class discussion using English to ask or answer question
The Students’ Readiness in Facing Offline Class After Pandemic Covid-19 at The Eleventh Grade Students’ of UPT SMAN 4 Parepare
Authors: HS Tri Mulyanugrahah , Salasiah Salasiah , Sakti Ika Yanti
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 virus in Indonesia is currently having an impact on the entire community and has an impact in various fields such as social, economic, religious fields, including the field of education. In the field of education, the government has set one policy, namely online schools as a solution during the current pandemic. This study was conducted to determine how prepared students are to face offline classes after the COVID-19 pandemic. This research used desciptive qualitative approach and the data analysis Braun and Clarke. Participants in this study were 11th grade students of SMAN 4 Parepare which consisted of 15 students. The data in this study were obtained using semi-structured interviews and chosing random samplin. From the results of the study, it is known that the students are ready for offline learning to be held at school. They are ready if given an uncertain study schedule, facing new media and different learning methods during offline learning. Most importantly, students will also continue to apply health protocols during offline learning. In addition, the students were also enthusiastic about the resumption of offline learning because they found it difficult to understand the material given by their teacher during online learning, and because they met again with their teacher and classmates.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF POSYANDU CADRES WITH NUTRITION KIE PRACTICES IN THE WORK AREA OF OELE HEALTH CENTER, ROTE NDAO DISTRICT
Authors: Risca Merlince Isach  , Helga. J.N. Ndun  , Marni Marni  , Christina Rony Nayoan
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Kader posyandu merupakan ujung tombak dalam pelayanan posyandu, karena kader menjadi kelompok yang sering berinteraksi dengan masyarakat sehingga mempunyai kedudukan yang strategis dan menjadi sarana yang efektif dalam menyampaikan informasi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan kader dengan praktik KIE gizi dan hubungan antara sikap kader dengan praktik KIE gizi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Oele, Kabupaten Rote Ndao. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian yaitu cross-sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 55 orang kader posyandu yang ada pada tujuh desa di Kecamatan Rote Selatan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan kader dengan praktik KIE gizi (ρ value = 0,001).  Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap kader dengan praktik KIE gizi (ρ value = 0,200). Puskesmas Oele perlu memberikan edukasi gizi dan pelatihan  kepada semua kader posyandu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan memberikan KIE. Pengetahuan yang meningkat menjadi dasar kader dalam memberikan KIE gizi kepada ibu balita sehingga dapat mengurangi masalah gizi yang ada di Kecamatan Rote Selatan.
ABSTRACT
Cadres (posyandu) are the spearhead of posyandu services, because cadres are a group that often interacts with the community so that they have a strategic position and become an effective means of delivering health information. This study aims to determine the relationship between cadre knowledge and communication, information and nutrion education practies and the relationship between cadre attitude and  communication, information and nutrion education practies in the working area of Oele Health Center, Rote Ndao District. This type of research is analytic observational with cross-sectional research design. The sample in this study was 55 posyandu cadres in seven villages in South Rote Subdistrict. Data analysis technique used was chi square test. The results showed a significant relationship between knowladge of cadres and communication, information and nutrion education practice (ρ value = 0.001).  There was no significant relationship between cadre attitude and communication, information and nutrion education practice (ρ = 0.200). Oele Health Center needs to provide nutrition-related education and training to all posyandu cadres to improve their knowledge and skills in providing communication, information and nutrion education practies. Increased knowledge becomes the basis for cadres in providing communication, information and nutrion education practies to mothers of children under five so as to reduce nutrition problems in South Rote Subdistrict.
PENGARUH GEN Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT KARDIOVASKULAR
Authors: Setiawati Tri , Jumriana  , Rabiatul Adawiyah  , Ryka Marina Walanda
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Gen PGC-1α sebagai pengatur metabolisme sel, biogenesis mitokondria, mempengaruhi regulasi sel endotel dan sel otot polos yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan penyakit vaskular terutama penyakit aterosklerosis. PGC-1α dapat mengontrol beberapa aspek fungsi otot terkait dengan olahraga, karena PGC-1α dapat mengontrol paralisis otot, menekan respon inflamasi yang luas dan memediasi efek baik akibat olahraga.  Peningkatan PGC-1α dapat mencegah dan mempengaruhi regresi lesi penyakit terutama aterosklerosis. Ekspresi PGC-1α yang rendah berhubungan dengan kejadian gagal jantung akibat stres dan kematian sel kardiomiosit. Disfungsi PGC-1α kemungkinan mendasari patologi penyebab berbagai penyakit degerenratif, termasuk kardiovaskular, penyakit degenerasi saraf, dan kanker.
 
ABSTRACT
Gene of PGC-1α functions as a regulator of cell metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, affects the regulation of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells that are related to the development of vascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis. PGC-1α can control several aspects of muscle function related to exercise, as PGC-1α can control muscle paralysis, suppress extensive inflammatory responses and mediate exercise-induced good effects.  Increased PGC-1α may prevent and influence regression of disease lesions especially atherosclerosis, whereas lack of PGC-1α levels are associated with the incidence of stress-induced heart failure and cardiomyocyte cell death. PGC-1α dysfunction likely underlies the causative pathology of various degenerative diseases, including cardiovascular, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer.
Strategic food reserves storage, safety and risk minimization: Problems and perspectives
Authors: Shahinyan Samvel , Badasyan Ani , Babayan Bella , Melkumyan Marina , Yesayan Tigran , Yesayan Alexander
Published: August 2024

Background: The hunger problem is a significant issue arising from global challenges in the 21st century. It is a consequence of inadequate food safety and poor strategic food storage. This makes innovations and improvements in these areas particularly crucial, especially for developing countries and regions affected by military conflicts and natural disasters. 
Context and purpose of this study: We aimed to study carbonate limestone caves as potentially safe locations for constructing strategic food storage facilities.
Results: The preliminary results from Magellan Cave (Magill Cave) in the Areni region of the Republic of Armenia indicate that the cave has suitable conditions for use as a potential site for strategic food storage, particularly for cereal grains. Biological studies have proved the absence of mesophilic microbes in rock minerals and in soil samples from its inner space. Additionally, psychrophilic microbes, thermophilic algae, and representatives of Cyanobionta were found in waters that meet underground hot springs. Chemical analyses revealed no toxic compounds in the rock minerals, poisonous gases, or radon accumulation. The radiation levels were also found to be safe.
Conclusions: Physical, chemical, and biological research have demonstrated the absence of risk factors for health and food safety in Magellan Cave. No spoilage microbes or human pathogenic bacteria were found. Additionally, no fungi were detected. The results suggest that this cave could be a promising location for constructing underground food storage for strategic reserves.
Keywords: Magellan Cave (Magill cave), underground constructions, food strategic reserve storage, biological safety, spoilage, psychrophilic microbes
Cognitive Outcomes in Autosomal-Dominant Alzheimer’s Disease: A Comprehensive Review from a Colombian Kindred with the Presenilin-1 E280A Mutation
Authors: Giudicessi Averi , McDowell Celina Pluim , Martinez Jairo E. , Baena Ana , Vila-Castelar Clara , Norton Daniel , Aguirre-Acevedo Daniel C. , Tirado Victoria , Bocanegra Yamile , Guzman-Velez Edmarie , Lopera Francisco , Cronin-Golomb Alice , Quiroz Yakeel T.
Published: August 2024

Background:

The largest identified kindred worldwide with a single mutation causing autosomal-dominant Alzheimer’s disease (ADAD) is a family from Antioquia, Colombia, carrying the Presenilin-1 ( PSEN1) E280A (Paisa) mutation. The majority of mutation carriers develop dementia, typically commencing in their late 30 s, with a median onset age of 49 years. Cognitive decline is a hallmark feature.

Objective:

This review synthesizes the existing literature on neuropsychological assessments in PSEN1 E280A mutation carriers throughout their lifespan. We provide a comprehensive overview of cognitive outcomes in this unique population.

Methods:

We reviewed and integrated the published research, analyzing studies on neuropsychological assessments in PSEN1 E280A carriers. Our focus was on measures of verbal, semantic, episodic, and spatial memory, and encompassed other cognitive domains such as language, attention, visuospatial memory, and executive functioning.

Results:

Verbal, semantic, episodic, and spatial memory emerged as the most sensitive indicators of preclinical changes in PSEN1 E280A carriers. Inconsistencies were noted in findings from tests assessing language, attention, visuospatial memory, and executive functioning, suggesting potential limitations in detecting early cognitive changes in PSEN1 mutation carriers. Specific cognitive tasks developed for this population proved effective but underutilized.

Conclusions:

The review underscores the importance of continued test development tailored to detect early cognitive changes in PSEN1 E280A carriers, potentially enhancing ADAD screening. Furthermore, investigating ADAD mutations in children may identify early changes in AD and enhance our understanding of neuropsychological functioning across the lifespan. This synthesis provides valuable insights for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers engaged in the study and management of ADAD.
Degradation of Amyloid-β Species by Multi-Copper Oxidases
Authors: Yang Jing , Ran Kathleen , Ma Wenzhe , Chen Yanshi , Chen Yanxin , Zhang Can , Ye Hui , Lu Ying , Ran Chongzhao
Published: August 2024

Background:

Reduction of the production of amyloid-β (Aβ) species has been intensively investigated as potential therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the degradation of Aβ species, another potential beneficial approach, has been far less explored.

Objective:

To investigate the potential of multi-copper oxidases (MCOs) in degrading Aβ peptides and their potential benefits for AD treatment.

Methods:

We investigated the degradation efficiency of MCOs by using electrophoresis and validated the ceruloplasmin (CP)-Aβ interaction using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence photometer, and fluorescence polarization measurement. We also investigated the therapeutic effect of ascorbate oxidase (AO) by using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) neuron cells and electrophysiological analysis with brain slices.

Results:

We discovered that CP, an important MCO in human blood, could degrade Aβ peptides. We also found that other MCOs could induce Aβ degradation as well. Remarkably, we revealed that AO had the strongest degrading effect among the tested MCOs. Using iPS neuron cells, we observed that AO could rescue neuron toxicity which induced by Aβ oligomers. In addition, our electrophysiological analysis with brain slices suggested that AO could prevent an Aβ-induced deficit in synaptic transmission in the hippocampus.

Conclusions:

To the best of our knowledge, our report is the first to demonstrate that MCOs have a degrading function for peptides/proteins. Further investigations are warranted to explore the possible benefits of MCOs for future AD treatment.
The Association Between Distinct Delusional Ideations and Depressive Symptoms in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Re-Analysis of CATIE-AD
Authors: Nagata Tomoyuki , Nakajima Shinichiro , Kito Shinsuke , Shinagawa Shunichiro
Published: August 2024

Background:

Delusional ideations, one of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs), are frequently shown in the long-term progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and comorbid with other NPSs including depression or agitation. Despite various types of delusional ideations, the comorbidity between each delusional ideation and depressive symptoms has not been discussed.

Objective:

The present cross-sectional study is aimed at testing the hypothetical mechanism of comorbid pattern in AD.

Methods:

Among 421 patients with AD, we analyzed the dataset of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness–Alzheimer’s Disease to compare age, sex, racial type, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) depression score of between the presence and absence of each delusional ideation (delusion of persecution, theft, jealousy, abandonment, phantom boarder, Capgras syndrome, misidentification of place, or television sign). Next, with the stratification based on MMSE score of < or > = 15 points, we further explored association between delusional ideation and depressive symptom that was found significances in the primary analysis

Results:

Among eight subtypes of delusional ideations, depression score was higher in those with persecution delusion or Capgras syndrome. Moreover, the Capgras syndrome was associated with presence of depression in severer global cognitive impairment status.

Conclusions:

As comorbid NPSs of delusional ideation in AD, depressive severity is associated with specific delusional subtype: persecution delusion and Capgras syndrome. Capgras syndrome may be attributable to severe cognitive impairment in addition to depressive symptom. The consideration of pathogenetic differences in the distinct delusional ideations may be helpful for clinicians to select the treatment strategy.
A neurosymbolic approach to AI alignment
Authors: Wagner Benedikt J. , d’Avlia Garcez Artur
Published: August 2024

We propose neurosymbolic integration as an approach for AI alignment via concept-based model explanation. The aim is to offer AI systems the ability to learn from human revision but also assist humans at evaluating AI capabilities. The proposed method allows users and domain experts to learn about the data-driven decision making process of large neural network models and to impose a particular behaviour onto such models. The models are queried using a symbolic logic language that acts as a lingua franca between humans and model representations. Interaction with the user then confirms or rejects a revision of the model using logical constraints that can be distilled back into the neural network. We illustrate the approach using the Logic Tensor Network framework alongside Concept Activation Vectors and apply it to Convolutional Neural Networks and the task of achieving quantitative fairness. Our results illustrate how the use of a logical language is able to provide users with a formalisation of the model’s decision making whilst allowing users to steer the model towards a given alignment constraint.
TBICoE approach to concussion rehabilitation in service members and veterans
Authors: Gano Amanda , Gold Joanne , Remigio-Baker Rosemay A. , Monti Katrina
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Concussion, also known as mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a condition with unique ties to military service. Service members (SMs) are inherently at a higher risk for concussive injuries due to the intense physical training environment and combat operational tempo required to serve. The Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence (TBICoE) is the US Department of Defense authority on this condition and provides a thorough approach to management of concussion and associated symptom sequela. OBJECTIVES: This article seeks to review the TBICoE approach to the management and rehabilitation of military SMs with mTBI, and highlight resources available to military medical providers. METHODS: The authors reviewed evidence and TBICoE resources to provide this comprehensive overview of the TBICoE approach to management and rehabilitation of concussion in military SMs. RESULTS: A progressive return to activity protocol in conjunction with symptom-guided management of common post-concussive sequelae, including headache, vestibular and oculomotor issues, sleep dysfunction, cognitive rehabilitation, and behavioral health comorbidities are essential for concussion management in the acute, post-acute and chronic phases of injury. CONCLUSION: The TBICoE approach to the rehabilitation of military SMs is comprehensive, and includes initial management with a stepwise return to duty protocol and an objective return to duty screening. The mainstays of treatment for SMs with post-acute and chronic post-concussion symptoms are headache management, vestibular and oculomotor rehabilitation, sleep interventions, cognitive rehabilitation, and early intervention for behavioral health comorbidities. These evidence-based strategies may be applied in the treatment of SMs in the US and internationally.
Caregiver and student perspectives on school services for students with traumatic brain injury during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Palusak Cara , Dart Libby , Ciccia Angela , Nagele Drew , Lundine Jennifer P.
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify unique challenges created by COVID-19 school closures for students with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their families with relation to special education accommodations, therapy services, social support systems, and mental health complications. METHODS: Forty-one caregivers and students participated in semi-structured, virtual interviews. Families had students in kindergarten through 12th grade who experienced a TBI prior to spring 2020 and were receiving support services at schools in Pennsylvania (US). Researchers used reflexive thematic analysis to identify themes across interviews. RESULTS: Central themes encompassing the student- and caregiver-reported challenges and advantages of COVID-19 school closures were changes in [1] education delivery, special education services, and accommodations for children with TBI, and [2] social relationships for students with TBI and their caregivers. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 and the transition to remote learning significantly impacted special education services and education received by students with TBI. Families in this study discussed both perceived obstacles to and advantages of remote learning in this population. As remote and asynchronous learning are now commonly integrated into the curriculum, research should clarify the facilitators and barriers for successful service provision for students with TBI.
Health behaviours and work-related musculoskeletal pain among polish physiotherapists and nurses
Authors: Kuligowski Tomasz , Kowalewska Karolina , Skrzek Anna , Kiper Pawel , Cieślik Błażej
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Physiotherapists and nurses play crucial roles in healthcare, often requiring them to adopt physically demanding positions. However, these positions can lead to joint stress and an increased risk of injury, as well as work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). These disorders can significantly impact the performance of their duties, which can negatively affect patient recovery. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed and compared health behaviour and work-related musculoskeletal pain among Polish physiotherapists and nurses. METHODS: The study encompassed a group of 304 participants. The methodology consisted of a survey addressing pain-related questions and the Health Behaviour Inventory (HBI). The HBI evaluates health behaviour in four categories. RESULTS: The average HBI score was 5.05 (±1.96) points for physiotherapists and 4.50 (±1.86) points for nurses (P = .01). When analysing the HBI components, a statistically significant difference was observed in positive mental attitude and health practices (P <  .05). Regarding work-related musculoskeletal pain, 92% of nurses and 79% of physiotherapists reported experiencing pain while working (P <  .01). Pain intensity, measured with the VAS, was 3.77 (±2.37) for physiotherapists and 4.73 (SD 2.04) for nurses (P <  .01). Physiotherapists more often suffered from upper limb pain (57% vs 49%), while nurses experienced middle/lower back pain (82% vs 63%) and lower extremity pain (38% vs 23%) more frequently. CONCLUSIONS: Both professional groups experience WRMSDs, with nurses suffering more regularly and severely. In contrast, physiotherapists exhibit superior health behaviour practices, potentially mitigating musculoskeletal pain. Nonetheless, the prevalence of pain related to WRMSDs remains alarmingly high in both professions.
Integrative technical solutions and their protection
Authors:   “Moscow State Industrial University”, Moscow, Russia, Kondratiev Maksim
Published: August 2024

Существенное усложнение техники и особенно различного вида электронных и микроэлектронных устройств в корне изменили принципы их защиты как объектов сложной , многоплановой и многофункциональной интеллектуальной собственности ; Для таких объектов существенные отличия касающиеся чисто конструктивных признаков, схемных решений , комбинаций этих решений не определяют всех аспектов изобретения, так как сегодня очень часто все перечисленные признаки и отличия можно реализовать в работающую систему или прототип только при определённых условиях и возможностях технологии изготовления и контроля, и очень часто именно изготовление определяет основные свойства изобретения ; Развитие систем процессорного управления, также определяет жизнеспособность технического решения, а значит алгоритм или алгоритмы , программы , обратная связь между элементами конструкции или схемы становятся или уже уверенно стали органичной частью технического решения , положенного в основу заявляемого изобретения .
Postfossile Transformation?
Authors: Simon Jenny , Tittor Anne , Kalt Tobias
Published: August 2024

Wie grün ist Wasserstoff? Im Beitrag analysieren wir die Herausbildung einer globalen, vorgeblich klimaneutralen Wasserstoffwirtschaft. Mit Rückgriff auf das Konzept des postfossilen Extraktivismus heben wir drei Punkte hervor: Erstens ist die Wasserstofftransformation umkämpft. Zweitens zeigen sich auch in der Wasserstoffökonomie erhebliche fossile Kontinuitäten. Drittens werden extraktivistische Muster fortgesetzt, die in den Exportländern im Globalen Süden eine eigenständige grüne Industriepolitik erschweren und sozial-ökologische Risiken und Konflikte verursachen. Der Beitrag veranschaulicht diese Dynamiken mit Blick auf Deutschland und Europa sowie den anvisierten Exportländern Südafrika, Namibia, Argentinien und Chile.
Beneficios y repercusiones del turismo a gran escala en Centroamérica, un enfoque propositivo de integración mediante la calidad como estrategia para el abordaje de las problemáticas derivadas
Authors: Gutiérrez Galera Luis Humberto
Published: August 2024

El turismo es una actividad socioeconómica de alto valor transformativo, cuyos réditos y beneficios son innegables en Centroamérica y el mundo entero. Su operación requiere de cambios no siempre positivos en el uso del suelo, procesos de urbanización y en las relaciones socioculturales de las comunidades anfitrionas, lo cual despierta posturas críticas sobre las repercusiones manifiestas sobre todo por el turismo a gran escala. El presente artículo abre la discusión sobre las posibilidades de solución desde una estrategia de integración regional; para esto recurre a la teoría socio critica que establece un balance entre las posturas positivas y negativas del turismo en la región y al enfoque cualitativo para la posterior propuesta de solución desde la calidad, como preámbulo de ordenamiento de la actividad turística a gran escala, que facilite el desarrollo de un turismo sostenible e inclusivo y permita extender sus beneficios a toda la región centroamericana.