bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cheminformatics Data Mining and Modeling for Drug Repurposing
Authors: Avram S. , Curpan R. , Oprea T. I.
Published: January 2022

Market-availability and protection rights of the chemical structures of approved drugs are essential for drug repurposing (DRP). We examine the DRP chemical and disease space for three distinct drug categories: off-patent (OFP; on-market drugs with expired patent and/or exclusivity), on-patent (ONP; on-market drugs with ongoing patent and/or exclusivity) and off-market (OFM; discontinued drugs), as defined by FDA-approved drugs. To streamline DRP strategies and to better understand the chemical space available for DRP, we illustrate repurposing opportunities using drug-molecule similarity in a manner that validates drug classes (i.e., drugs with similar structures addressing similar diseases) and offers unexpected groups of drugs (i.e., drugs with similar structures but different medical uses).
Field Discoveries (Case Reports)
Authors: Rogosnitzky Moshe
Published: January 2022

Field discoveries represent a unique source of innovation leading to drug repurposing. This chapter follows the process by which field discoveries made by clinicians in their everyday practice are diffused, validated in larger trials, and adopted into clinical practice through real-world drug repurposing (off-label use), sometimes gaining regulatory approval. The significance of publishing case reports is highlighted. The relevance of field discoveries for drug repurposing is illustrated using several examples. Propofol that was approved as an anesthetic was repurposed to treat morphine-induced pruritus, rituximab approved for the treatment of certain types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was repurposed for prostate cancer, dipyridamole introduced to treat angina was repurposed for pterygium, thalidomide introduced as a sleeping aid – and soon banned because of its teratogenicity in the developing embryo – was repurposed to treat leprosy, and botulinum neurotoxin type A approved for strabismus was repurposed for the treatment of facial wrinkles. The serendipitous character of many field discoveries is emphasized. The embracement of real-world evidence by regulatory authorities strengthens the efforts to make the road from field discovery to drug repurposing an easier one and will benefit many patients suffering from currently incurable diseases.
Crateva unilocularis Buch. shoots attenuate d-galactose-induced brain injury and cognitive disorders of mice through the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Ma Qian , Chen Yanmei , Zhang Xue , Cai Shengbao , Sun Yilin , Ma Nan , Yi Junjie
Published: January 2022

C. unilocularis Buch. shoots are traditionally served as a vegetable with many health-promoting benefits.
Fabrication of durable underoil superhydrophobic surfaces with self-cleaning and oil–water separation properties
Authors: Ren Wanfei , Lian Zhongxu , Wang Jiaqi , Xu Jinkai , Yu Huadong
Published: January 2022

This paper provides a simple method for the fabrication of underoil superhydrophobic surfaces, which is expected to be useful in promoting functional interface materials to practical application.
Assessing the potential biological activities of TiO2 and Cu, Ni and Cr doped TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Munir Shamsa , Asghar Faiza , Younis Faryal , Tabassum Saira , Shah Afzal , Khan Sher Bahadar
Published: January 2022

Nanoparticles bind to the surface of the cell membranes of microbes altering their basic cell functions and resulting in cell death.
Structural and spectroscopic studies of spontaneously formed crystalline Eu(iii)–aliphatic dicarboxylates at room temperature
Authors: Kim Hee-Kyung , Lee Dong Woo , Park Sojeong , Chang Jung Euo , Lim Sang Ho , Cha Wansik , Cho Hye-Ryun
Published: January 2022

This study captures the transition of the coordination modes of aliphatic dicarboxylate ligands from side-on to end-on binding, which is illustrated in malonate bindings involving a combination of side-on and end-on modes.
Selenium nanoparticles inhibited H1N1 influenza virus-induced apoptosis by ROS-mediated signaling pathways
Authors: Liu Xia , Chen Danyang , Su Jingyao , Zheng Ruilin , Ning Zhihui , Zhao Mingqi , Zhu Bing , Li Yinghua
Published: January 2022

SeNPs inhibited the apoptosis induced by H1N1 virus infection in MDCK cells by improving the level of GPx1. Our results suggest that SeNPs are an effective selenium source and a promising H1N1 influenza antiviral candidate.
Visible light photocatalytic one pot synthesis of Z-arylvinyl halides from E-arylvinyl acids with N-halosuccinimide
Authors: Yu Qiong , Yu Kun Yi , Xu Cai Feng , Wong Man-Kin
Published: January 2022

An efficient visible light photocatalytic strategy to synthesize Z-arylvinyl halides from E-arylvinyl acids using N-halosuccinimide through a sequential halodecarboxylation/photoisomerization with up to >99/1 Z/E ratio and 86% yield under mild reaction conditions.
Pen-writing high-quality perovskite films and degradable optoelectronic devices
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhang Shasha , Gu Zhenkun , Zhao Rudai , Wang Shiheng , Guo Lutong , Li Tiesheng , Zhang Yiqiang , Song Yanlin
Published: January 2022

A facile approach to fabricate high-quality perovskite films and optoelectronic devices by pen-writing is reported. With perovskite material and graphite as the photosensitive layer and the electrode, perovskite photodetector arrays are written on paper.
Permeability of boron- and nitrogen-doped graphene nanoflakes for protium/deuterium ions
Authors: Gul Iram , Yar Muhammad , Ahmed Arsalan , Hashmi Muhammad Ali , Ayub Khurshid
Published: January 2022

Two-dimensional (2D) monolayer nanomaterials are the thinnest possible membranes with interesting selective permeation characteristics.
Tuning the electronic structure of Co@N–C hybrids via metal-doping for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhou Peiyun , Wang Linmeng , Lv Junjun , Li Rushuo , Gao Fengyu , Huang Xiubing , Lu Yunfeng , Wang Ge
Published: January 2022

The introduction of W optimizes the electronic structure of the Co@N–C system and promotes the transfer of electrons to the surface carbon layer, thus greatly improving the HER activity.
Boosting CH4 selectivity in CO2 electroreduction using a metallacycle-based porous crystal with biomimetic adaptive cavities
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Zhi-Wei , Huang Zi-Jun , Li Li-Ping , Peng Xiao-Ru , Shang Mei-Jie , Liao Pei-Sen , Chao Hsiu-Yi , Ouyang Gangfeng , Liu Gao-Feng
Published: January 2022

A metallacycle-based porous crystal with intrinsic cavities could efficiently steer CO2-to-CH4 electrocatalytic conversion by the synergic effect of size-adaptivity and confined microenvironment.
Trajectory dimensionality reduction and hyperparameter settings of DBSCAN for trajectory clustering
Authors: Yu Xiaohong , Long Wei , Li Yanyan , Gao Lin , Shi Xiaoqiu
Published: January 2022

The density‐based spatial clustering of application with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm has good robustness and is widely employed to cluster vehicle trajectories for vehicle movement pattern recognition. However, the distance or similarity between two trajectories varies from tens to hundreds of thousands, and there is no effective method for determining the values of the hyperparameters eps and MinPts of DBSCAN. In addition, with increasing sizes of trajectory datasets, some trajectory clustering methods that directly analyse points and line segments incur large computational costs and time overhead. To solve these two dilemmas, the authors propose an effective trajectory dimensionality reduction method and a DBSCAN hyperparameter initial value setting method. The trajectory dimensionality reduction algorithm processes trajectories with different lengths into the same dimensionality (the same number of feature points). The reserved points preserve the spatial and temporal information of these trajectories as much as possible. The DBSCAN hyperparameter initial value setting algorithm obtains the effective initial values of eps and MinPts for facilitating subsequent adjustments. Finally, we validate these proposed methods on two trajectory datasets collected from two real‐world scenes, and the experimental results are promising and effective.
Thermal/fluid characteristics of the inline stacked plain‐weave screen as solar‐powered Stirling engine heat regenerators
Authors: Mortazavi Hamed , Mortazavy Beni Hamidreza , Islam Mohammad Saidul
Published: January 2022

The present work demonstrates the results of a 3D numerical analysis of heat transfer and fluid flow through a fabricated aluminium wire filament, bonded mesh deployed as a regenerator surface in the Stirling engine. Here, two inline regenerator models with the same mass but different geometry were simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element method (FEM). The results show that the temperature efficiency of both inline with non‐uniform and uniform wire diameters is almost equal. However, the non‐uniform diameter model is shorter and reaches the maximum thermal efficiency faster in reduced length . Also, it shows approximately 5% a greater mean thermal efficiency. In general, from this simulation, it can be seen that changes in the geometry of the heat regenerator can have a direct effect on thermal efficiency and pressure drop in the same mass. Therefore, using the inline stacked plain‐weave screen with a non‐uniform wire diameter regenerator in the powered Stirling engine is recommended due to space constraints. Small changes in the regenerator geometry lead to immense leaps in increasing a solar power plant's overall efficiency.
Research on calibration‐free fingerprinting positioning techniques based on terrestrial magnetism databases for indoor environments
Authors: Yeh Sheng‐Cheng , Lai Chuan‐Jiang , Tsai Fuan , Chiou Yih‐Shyh
Published: January 2022

Location‐based services (LBSs) in such indoor places as museums, airport terminals, and train stations are becoming more and more popular among smartphone users. Hence, the research on indoor positioning technologies is increasing. Indoor positioning technologies using Wi‐Fi or Bluetooth wireless signals have some problems that cannot be overcome, for example, inconsistent data caused by human body shadowing effects. Positioning accuracy and stability still need to be improved to provide higher quality LBS applications. Smartphones have built‐in geomagnetic and acceleration sensors, and the Earth's magnetic field is not affected by human body shadowing effects, so it increases the appeal of using geomagnetism to enable indoor positioning with smartphones. This article proposed approaches in light of calibration‐free fingerprinting positioning techniques with terrestrial magnetism databases for indoor environments. For the differences in measurements yielded by various mobile phone (MP) models and brands, adjustments can be made using the ratio of the total intensity of the magnetic field and its horizontal component to correct the discrepancies. Finally, with the arrangement of four landmarks, the average error distance of the research results in the experimental environment is 3.59 m. The average accuracy of the k‐nearest neighbour (k‐NN) mobile phones is 71.3%.
A new approach to improve knowledge and management of grapevine virus diseases: the PAThOGEN project and course
Authors: Angelini Elisa , Bettati Tiziano , Rossi Vittorio , Cabaleiro Cristina , Spilmont Anne-Sophie , Duran Daniel , Di Gaspero Mattia , Casarin Sofia , Forte Vally , Bertazzon Nadia
Published: January 2022

Beside the well-known fungal pathologies, grapevine virus diseases are of major importance in grapegrowing areas, also due to the limited knowledge by the professionals of the sector. To face this problem, the PAThOGEN training program was developed, with the aims of: (i) building a high-quality Vocational and Education Training program, (ii) improving the skills of the main actors of the wine sector. The pilot courses were developed in two levels (Basic and Advanced) and made available on a dedicated online platform in 4 languages (French, Italian, Spanish and English). Moreover, two field sessions were organized in each of the 3 partner countries in order to complete the theoretical training. A specific feature of this project was the “demand driven approach” used to conceive the courses. Indeed, a panel of experts and 128 “student-testers” were selected in the 3 countries in the different professional categories to test the training program. 98% of the testers evaluated the training course as “interesting” or “very interesting”. The detailed evaluations allowed us to rework the courses both in terms of content and functionality. The elearning training is now available in the four languages, and the field training is annually organized in France, Italy and Spain.
Fluorimetric parameters for an early diagnosis of Esca disease in grapevine
Authors: Valentini Paolo , Perria Rita , Zombardo Alessandra
Published: January 2022

Esca disease is an increasingly widespread grapevine syndrome that currently has no valid remedies; it causes countless symptoms and almost always leads to plant death. The aim of this work was to develop a method for the early diagnosis of the presence of the fungal complex responsible for esca disease on leaves, through the identification of fluorimetric parameters of Photosystem II (PSII) efficiency, which can signal not yet evident physiological dysfunctions.
Studi sui tratti di qualità negativa nelle nuove viti mediamente resistenti alle malattie fungine
Authors: Stefanini Marco , Gratl Verena , Bettinelli Paola , Zini Elena , Letschka Thomas , Sturm Sonja , Velasco Riccardo , Stuppner Hermann , Khomenko Iuliia , Eisenstecken Daniela , Robatscher Peter , Chitarrini Giulia , Pedri Ulrich , Silvia Vezzulli
Published: January 2022

The varieties of vines tolerant to the main fungal diseases are the object of growing interest because they require fewer treatments for the production of quality grapes. These varieties are considered qualitatively unsuitable especially for some characteristics such as the foxy aroma, the level of anthocyanin diglucosides and the level of methyl alcohol in wines. In the three-year period 2016-2018, from a population of 74 medium resistant varieties placed in a single collection, in Marlengo (BZ), young leaves were taken for DNA analysis; annually 2 surveys of the OIV 452 453, 455 and 456 descriptors were carried out, and, at 18° Brix, sombunches were collected for the analysis of different metabolites. Nano-vinifications were carried out for 32 genotypes. Genotypes with different levels of stacked loci associated with resistance to downy and powdery mildew were detected, with different resistance behaviors over the years. Only some genotypes have aromas of foxy and only 20% of the genotypes analyzed have levels of anthocyanin diglucosides higher than the levels required by current legislation. Some vinifications showed methanol levels higher than the legal limit set. High percentages of genotypes respected the legal levels of metabolites required by current regulations and only genotypes with the presence of V. labrusca showed the aroma of foxy.
Innovation in grapevine water status monitoring and drought adaptation: leaf angle and temperature regulation
Authors: Nuzzo Vitale , Amato Davide , Briglia Nunzio , Challet Emmanuel , Attia Faouzi , Petrozza Angelo , Cellini Francesco , Montanaro Giuseppe
Published: January 2022

Increase of frequency, duration, and intensity of drought and heatwave and related water and heat crops stress are among the principal effects of climate change. This paper reports: (i) the effect of calcite particle film (CaPF) as a mitigation strategy against heat stress in well-watered (WW) or in drought-stress (D) conditions; and (ii) response of leaf angle variation to stomatal conductance changes induced by drought stress of Aleatico grapevine cultivar. Results have showed that CaPF, under WW conditions, reduced leaf temperature, and increased gas exchange, but, under very severe water stress, CaPF treatment was ineffective. Leaf angle ranged from 70° (WW vines) to 100° (drought stressed vines) and showed a good fit (R2=0.81) with stomatal conductance within the range of 0.25 – 0.05 mol m-2s–1proving it might be a reliable proxy of vine water status.
The potential of using corn straw biochar to compensate the loss of available soil organic matter
Authors: Akhmetzyanova Leisan , Kuritsin Ivan , Zinnatov Marat , Gordeev Alexander , Kamalova Alina , Karamova Kamalya
Published: January 2022

The process of migration of organic carbon from the biochar into the substrate and the aqueous phase was simulated. The process of organic carbon migration in passive and washing mode was evaluated. Part of the organic carbon was washed with water and passed into the aqueous phase, the other part remained in the mass of biochar. Biochar can be a source of available organic carbon, providing nutrition to rhizosphere microorganisms that improve the mineral nutrition of plants, both in the short and long term.
Thermal properties of the three-dimensional graphene/paraffin nanocomposite phase change materials
Authors: Li Jing , Liao Yanning , Li Shaowei , Yang Xu , Jiao Naixun
Published: January 2022

The excellent properties of graphene phase change nanocomposite made it have potential application value in the field of heat storage materials, which was expected to achieve the integration of heat transfer and storage. In order to enhance the thermal performance of paraffin in energy storage, the structure models of n-octadecane and three kinds of graphene/n-octadecane composites were established. Molecular dynamics method was used to study the variation of thermophysical properties. It is found that the strong interaction between graphene and noctadecane restricts the diffusion intensity of n-octadecane molecules, which reflects in the decreasing trend of the self-diffusion coefficient. In addition, the thermal conductivity of each system in the solid state is higher than that of liquid, and abruptly drops near the melting point. The thermal conductivity of the composite PCM always higher than the pure noctadecane and increases with the amount of graphene.
The interaction between Sedum root traits and engineered media in green roofs
Authors: Chen Xuan , Liu Ruifen , Ma Jun
Published: January 2022

Sedum sarmentosum and Sedum lineare, two common plants for green roof, were planted in two engineered media meeting FLL standards at three depths. Root characteristics of root length density, root surface area density, and root volume density were quantified. And a key hydraulic property, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) values of the engineered media with and without plants were measured. The results showed that engineered media type, engineered media depth, and their interaction all have a significant impact on Sedum root traits. For the engineered media with Sedum, only engineered media type and depth had a significant effect on Ks. When the type of engineered media was the same, with the same plant used, Ks of the engineered media at a depth of 14 cm was significantly smaller than Ks of any other depth. This can be attributed to the maximum level of RSD and RVD at the 14-cm depth. The reduction in Ks of the perlite-based engineered media due to plant roots is an important finding, as plant roots clog the pore spaces and lead to poor drainage and unexpected ponding in roofs. This research provides better understanding of the interaction between plant roots and engineered media in green roofs.
Study on low-temperature treatment of nitrogen-containing wastewater by anaerobic biological filter with alkali-treated loofah-based filler
Authors: Guang Jiaxu , Lu Jiayi , Ting Qing
Published: January 2022

In this study, a new type of anaerobic biological filter (ABF) packed with alkali-treated loofah filler and a filler-free suspension growth control group (SBR) were used to cultivate the inoculated activated sludge to improve the activity and low temperature tolerance of the enriched anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the reactor. The results show that ABF and SBR were acclimated and started quickly, and the total nitrogen removal rate was maintained at 70.9% and 63.7%, respectively. Under the low temperature operating conditions, the total nitrogen removal rate of ABF maintained 59.9%, which was 16.5% higher than that of SBR. The detected EPS in the biomass of ABF and SBR increased by 100% and 272%, respectively, under low temperatures (15°C). Metagenomic testing revealed that the anammox bacteria (Candidatus Brocadiae) were the dominant functional populations both in ABF and SBR systems, and their relative abundances were 22.5% and 11.38%, respectively. In addition, it is found for the first time that anammox bacteria and denitrifying bacteria were the main contributors to EPS synthesis, which is important to the stable operation of the reactor at low temperature.
Research on hydrogen fuel application (inaircraft) based on carbon neutralization
Authors: Zhang Yan , Sun Liang
Published: January 2022

Hydrogen fuel has the advantages of green environmental protection and high energy density, hydrogen aviation is also developing rapidly in China. Due to the high-quality characteristics of hydrogen, hydrogen aviation is the key to zero pollutant emission and sustainable development of aviation industry in the future. In the context of “carbon neutralization”, the EU and other countries have launched the promotion of large-scale green hydrogen plan focusing on the aviation industry. Although they are still facing some technical bottlenecks to break through some problems of hydrogen fuel in their development, hydrogen fuel will be an important means to achieve low-carbon and environmental protection in the post epidemic era.
Effect of humification during hydrothermal treatment of Aquatic Wastes with inorganic acid
Authors: Zhang Huijun , Xie Nana , Fan Zihong , Xu Tengtun , Tang Chunhong
Published: January 2022

Taking aquatic processing waste as the main experimental object, to explore the effect of different treatment conditions on the humification process in the acid-hydrothermal reaction process, through the analysis of the hydrothermal process of pH value, organic matter and humus content, humification rate, and infrared spectrum analysis verification to speculate the formation mechanism of humus. The results show that hydrothermal treatment can promote the formation of humus to a certain extent. Under the working conditions of 195℃ and 80min, the humus content of aquatic wastes reaches 78.1% and the humification rate reaches 0.35. In addition, within a certain treatment intensity, the hydrothermal humification intensity will increase with the increase of reaction time and temperature. Under the same working conditions mentioned above, adding a certain amount of inorganic acid for hydrothermal treatment, the humus content is slightly higher than that of the group without acid. The humification rate reaches 0.45, which is 0.3 times higher than that of the group without acid. It shows that hydrothermal treatment can promote the formation of humus to a certain extent. Compared with prolonging the reaction time, the increase of temperature has a more obvious effect on the increase of humification rate.
Construction of evaluation system and evaluation model of urban environmental engineering geological problems —— a case study of Jinan City
Authors: Zhang Yunfeng , Wu Ana , Shen Jianjun , Cao Qing
Published: January 2022

In order to further study the problems of urban engineering geological environment, taking Jinan as an example, the environmental engineering geological problems are divided into four aspects: primary environmental engineering geological problems, secondary environmental engineering geological problems, the influence of human activities and the restriction of spring water on engineering construction. A multi-level, multi-objective and multi factor evaluation index system suitable for environmental engineering geology is established. The mathematical model is established by using analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the primary environmental engineering geological problems, secondary environmental engineering geological problems, the impact of human activities and the restrictive effect of spring water on engineering construction. The mathematical model is established by using Nemero index method to comprehensively evaluate the environmental engineering geological problems in Jinan, and the suitability zoning of engineering construction is carried out.
Discussion on rapid evaluation method of large-scale land degradation in China
Authors: Xing Yu , Zhou Yingjie , Yao Weiling , Wang Hao , Li Li , Wang Jie
Published: January 2022

This paper discusses the effects of land degradation assessment based on the index of net primary productivity (NPP), rain use efficiency of vegetation (RUE) and relative rain use efficiency of vegetation(rRUE). The results show that the land degradation evaluation method based on the correlation coefficient of NPP with time and the annual average and annual maximum of rRUE can comprehensively reflect the status of land productivity. It plays a good role in indicating the effect of land degradation, and is more conducive to remote sensing quantitative evaluation and rapid monitoring of large-scale land degradation.
Study on the construction of underground reservoirs on Zhoushan Island and related environmental issues based on the use of typhoon rain
Authors: Ye Zhou , Zhou Danna , Chen Fang
Published: January 2022

Water resources in the island area vary greatly from year to year and are unevenly distributed within the year, especially during typhoon and rainstorm periods when the lack of reservoirs leads to a large loss of rainfall and flood resources. In order to improve the water resources supply capacity of the island, this paper takes the excavated underground reservoir on Zhoushan Island as the research object to solve the problem of abundant rainfall and flood resources but lack of saving space during the plum and typhoon floods, and to enhance the self-sufficiency of water resources on the island. The study focuses on three environmental issues in the construction of underground reservoirs, and analyses the actual effect of the resourceful use of rainwater floods using the actual measurement data of Typhoon 2106 (In fa) to prove the feasibility of the construction of underground reservoirs. It makes a useful exploration for the future planning and construction of underground reservoirs on Zhoushan Island using underground space resources to solve water shortage.
Analysis of wind-photovoltaic-thermal-pumped storage integration system considering carbon emission
Authors: Chen Haofei , Yan Huimin , Wu Feng , Yang Tianye , Shen Yang
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a new evaluation model of wind-Photovoltaic (PV)-thermal-pumped storage integration system considering carbon emission. The model is constructed on the basis of comprehensively considering the construction cost, operation cost, start-up and shutdown cost of the unit, wind abandonment rate, PV abandonment rate and carbon emission cost, and fully utilizing the power curtailments of wind and PV. It analyzes the electric energy benefit and low-carbon economy in three different operation modes including wind-PV-thermal-pumped storage, wind-PV-thermal and thermal under the same load. The effectiveness and rationality of the evaluation method are verified by a simulation example. Combined with the dynamic carbon price, the carbon economy of three different operation modes is analyzed. The analysis results show that wind-PV-thermal-pumped storage integration system has the best electric energy benefit and carbon economy, and with the increase of carbon price, it has more development prospects.
The consistency measure of hunan’s electric power industry prosperity index
Authors: Xu Chufan , Wen Ming
Published: January 2022

In view of the problem that the traditional electric power prosperity index lacks the support of the mixed frequency and multi-dimension data, a new consistency measure method is constructed, which uses time difference correlation analysis and principal component and consider the linkage of electric power and economy at the same time. Take the Hunan province for example, we set the pool of kinds of sectional electricity power consumption and other relatives data, use the method of principal component analysis to capture main character of electricity’s change. The results show that the proposed consistency measurement model can describe the fluctuation characteristics of Hunan’s Power Prosperity Index well. The model can be used for monitor the changes in the power industry status and promoting the policy-making about the adjustment of the energy-saving and environment-friendly structure.
Techno-economic analysis of 30MW biomass power plant modification for heating supply
Authors: Qian Wei , Qiao Jiawei , Li Bin , Zheng Xing , Zheng Zongming , Xiao Xianbin
Published: January 2022

Biomass combined heat and power (CHP) generation is the more efficient use of biomass compared the direct combustion power generation. The techno-economic analysis of 30 MW biomass direct combustion power set’s modification for heat supply is investigated in this work. Three schemes are employed to provide the district heating supply, including low vacuum condenser, steam extraction, and turbine bypass. The low vacuum condenser approach is the most promising based on the techno-economic analysis. The calculated outlet pressure of the steam turbine, the power generation capacity, the heating supply and the maximum heating area are 30KPa, 27MW, 143.58GJ/h, and 900,000 m2respectively. The expected annual income of biomass combined heat and power plants amounts up to 7,422,700 RMB.
Method of forest fire automatic early warning and alarm system design
Authors: Wang Yucun , Ma Fengyun , Fan Hao
Published: January 2022

Forest is a huge green wealth bestowed by nature to mankind, but forest fire will cause great harm. Automatic forest fire early warning and alarm system can warn the high fire risk areas in the forest, or find and alarm the forest fire as early as possible, which is of great significance to reduce the loss of forest fire. This paper introduces a construction method of forest fire automatic early warning and alarm system, which provides knowledge and experience accumulation for the subsequent research and development of related systems.
Les matériaux au cœur des enjeux stratégiques
Authors: Quantin Danièle
Published: January 2022

Les matériaux sont partout. Ils peuvent se vanter d’un rôle sociétal et économique majeur. Ils évoluent avec le monde qui les entoure. Leur production, développement et utilisation font la signature d’une société. Le monde « post-Covid » sera de plus en plus concurrentiel ; les « matériaux » font et feront partie de cette concurrence accrue.
The Role of Cartilage-perichondrium Tympanoplasty in the Treatment of Tympanic Membrane Retractions: Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Immordino Angelo , Sireci Federico , Lorusso Francesco , Martines Francesco , Dispenza Francesco
Published: January 2022

Introduction Tympanic retraction is a condition characterized by the displacement of the tympanic membrane toward the structures of the middle ear. Clinically, tympanic retractions can lead to hearing loss, ear discharge and/or ear pain. In most of the cases, however, tympanic retractions are asymptomatic and are found accidentally during an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) examination. This condition has created numerous debates regarding the optimal choice of treatment, especially in the asymptomatic forms. The main controversy is regarding the relationship between retraction and the development of cholesteatoma, which would justify a surgical intervention performed for preventive purposes.

Objectives To study the effectiveness of cartilage tympanoplasty in the management of tympanic membrane retractions by analyzing the results of the studies conducted on the use of cartilage as a reconstruction material.

Data Synthesis A literature review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses group (PRISMA). Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers. Our initial literature search yielded 2,258 references. Applying the PRISMA flow chart, 1,415 duplicates were excluded, and the remaining 843 abstracts were examined. Afterwards, 794 articles were excluded based on the research protocol criteria. Only 8 papers were included in the review by applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Conclusions Despite the limitations of the studies taken into consideration, we can conclude that cartilage tympanoplasty may successfully rehabilitate the atelectatic ear especially in the more advanced stages of retraction, unlike the conservative strategies.
Introduction
Authors: Asavanant Warit , Furusawa Akira
Published: January 2022

We introduce basic ideas and contexts of quantum computation. The idea of the quantum computation is based on quantum mechanics which is a set of ideas that greatly differs from our daily-life intuitions. To encode information in quantum computation, there are two main approaches: discrete-variable (qubit) approach and continuous-variable (mode) approach. In this book, we will be focusing on continuous-variable quantum computation which uses wave functions to encode the information. For an actual physical system, we describe optical system. We give a brief comparison between optical classical computer and optical quantum computer.
Quantum Optics
Authors: Asavanant Warit , Furusawa Akira
Published: January 2022

Basic concepts of quantum optics are introduced in this chapter. In the beginning, we give a review of the basic quantum mechanics. Then, we perform quantization of an electromagnetic field, which naturally introduces the concept of mode and quadrature. After that, we introduce basic quantum states of light and their phase space representation. Quantum operations in the continuous-variable system and their universality are also explained. To obtain the values of the physical quantities, we have to measure our quantum systems. In the optical continuous-variable system, homodyne measurement and photon number measurement are among the most common measurements that are also discussed here. Finally, we introduce the concept of quantum entanglement, which is one of the central concepts in quantum computation.
Diet of dingoes in the West Kimberley, and the impact of linear clearing
Authors: Duncan Tenaya A. , Fleming Patricia A. , Dawson Stuart J.
Published: January 2022

Generalist predators, such as the dingo (Canis familiaris), frequently use linear clearings as movement corridors, increasing their mobility, landscape access, and sometimes modifying predator–prey relationships. We quantified the diet of the dingo in the West Kimberley region of Western Australia and tested the hypothesis that clearing of seismic lines would result in a change to the diet of dingoes. A total of 199 scats were collected from inside and outside the footprint of a seismic survey at three collection time points (before and twice after the disturbance). Overall, the diet of dingoes varied over seasons (P = 0.003), and between control and treatment sites (P = 0.013); however, there was no evidence of a shift in diet caused by seismic clearing (time × treatment interaction term, P = 0.848). Cattle were the most frequently occurring item (frequency of occurrence = 65% of 199 samples; the greatest value recorded in Australia), with greater consumption of cattle in control and treatment sites at the end of the dry season compared to the early dry season, likely driven by an increase in cattle mortality and susceptibility to predation. Despite dingoes using seismic lines as movement corridors, there is little evidence that this results in a change in their diet.
The evolution of football live text commentaries
Authors: Meier-Vieracker Simon
Published: January 2022

Since the emergence of online live text commentaries on football games in the late 1990s, the genre has undergone
continuous change. While linguistic research on the genre of live text commentaries emphasizes its novelty, the genre has existed
in football for at least 20 years. However, diachronic studies still lack. This paper presents a corpus linguistic analysis of
genre and register-specific features of German live text commentaries from 2003 until 2020. Using quantitative methods, it focuses
on the distribution of linguistic features on different linguistic (i.e. syntactical, lexical, graphemic etc.) levels over
time. It is shown that various markers, which signal a colloquial register and emulate orality in the written mode, decrease,
leading to a more impersonal way of reporting. Moreover, markers of individual perspective decrease in favor of a neutralistic
stance. Thus, the evolution of live text commentaries can be described as a process of standardization.
Naming rights sponsorship in Europe
Authors: Gerhardt Cornelia , Clarke Ben , Lecarpentier Justin
Published: January 2022

Football stadiums have traditionally been named after local sites (e.g.Goodison Park, Everton FC) or regions (Ruhrstadion, VfL Bochum). As big business takes increasing precedence in decision making in football at large (e.g. associations and leagues, regarding fixtures, media coverage, kick-off times, player transfers, etc.) and within individual football clubs (e.g. regarding kits and sponsorship), such toponyms are more and more being replaced by company or product names (e.g.bet365 Stadium, Stoke City). In this paper, we will consider corporate renamings from the German Bundesliga, the English Premier League and the French Ligue 1 and particularly fan reactions to controversial, badly received corporate renamings. As revealed by earlier studies, in our data here we also find the discourse and practices of the fans celebrating local identification with their city or region, often with the stadiums constituting the homestead of a tradition. Where corporate stadium renamings are badly received, this discourse clashes with the discourse of big business and thus a number of tensions are revealed. More specifically, in fans’ reactions to controversial corporate stadium renamings, we find a number of recurrent themes – for example, concerning consequences to fans’ identity to the club; in managing (anticipated) humorous retorts from rivals consequent from the stadium renaming; in resisting, but also feeling resigned to, financial pressures in selling the stadium name; etc. – some of them across our three national contexts and others specific to one national context.
Understanding Current Staff Experiences, Practices and Needs in Supporting Young People with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in the Queensland Youth Justice System
Authors: Heanue Alanna , Gullo Matthew J. , Hayes Nicole , Passmore Hayley , Reid Natasha
Published: January 2022

Young people with neurodevelopmental disorders are overrepresented in the youth justice system and face many disadvantages due to their impairments. The current study investigated what factors predict and contribute to the behavior of youth justice professionals working in the Queensland (QLD) youth justice system, utilizing a behavior change wheel framework. Eighty-one youth justice professionals participated in an online survey assessing capability, opportunity and motivation and additional open-ended questions capturing their recommendations for improvement. Results demonstrated that training frequency, capability, opportunity and motivation significantly predicted behaviors to identify and support young people with neurodevelopmental disorders (i.e., target behaviors). Capability ( p = <.001) and motivation ( p = .02) were significant independent predictors of the target behaviors. Examination of open-ended responses provided by the youth justice professionals identified several key areas, consistent with existing literature, which were in need of modifications to further support young people with neurodevelopmental disorders. These included: use of language, availability of resources, increased liaison with stakeholders, and knowledge and understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders. Overall, the current results provide helpful directions in terms of future targets for implementation strategies and interventions to better support young people with neurodevelopmental conditions who are involved with the QLD youth justice system.
Investigating the Z' gauge boson at future lepton colliders *
Authors: Yin Xinyue , Li Honglei , Jin Yi , Han Zhilong , Lu Zongyang
Published: January 2022

boson as a new gauge boson has been proposed in many new physics models. The interactions of

coupling to fermions have been studied in detail at the large hadron collider. A

with the mass of a few TeV has been excluded in some special models. Future lepton colliders will focus on the studies of Higgs physics, which provide the advantage to investigate the interactions of the Higgs boson with the new gauge bosons. We investigate the

interaction via the process of

. The angular distribution of the final leptons decaying from the Z-boson is related to the mixing of

-Z and the mass of

. The forward-backward asymmetry is proposed as an observable to investigate

-Z mixing. The angular distributions change significantly with some special beam polarization compared with the unpolarized condition.
High-quality grand unified theories with three generations *
Authors: Chen Ning
Published: January 2022

We extend the unitary groups beyond the

and

to determine possible grand unified theories that give rise to three-generational Standard Model fermions without simple repetitions. By demanding asymptotic free theories at short distances, we find gauge groups of

,

, and

, together with their anomaly-free irreducible representations, are such candidates. Two additional gauge groups of

and

can also achieve the generational structure without asymptotic freedom. We also deduce that these models can solve the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) quality problem, which is intrinsic in the axion models, with the leading PQ-breaking operators determined from the symmetry requirement.
Electromagnetically coupled processes – An error estimator for electromagnetic computational models
Authors: Garcia Jesus , Alves José , Barlier Julien , Puaux Grégory , Bay François
Published: January 2022

Reliable modelling of electromagnetic processing technologies largely depends on the accuracy of electromagnetic computations. This work will thus focus on the development of error estimators for evaluating the accuracy of finite element electromagnetic computations dedicated to improving induction heating process modelling accuracy. Application to induction heating and magnetic stirring cases will prove the efficiency of the approach. Error estimation results will be used later on for carrying out anisotropic adaptive remeshing.
Design of induction tempering of surface hardened components
Authors: Baldan Marco , Nacke Bernard
Published: January 2022

Induction hardening is a well-known heat treatment in the automotive and aerospace industries. Very often it is accompanied by tempering that is conventionally performed in ovens. However, induction tempering is getting more popular and this introduces the chance of using numerical simulations and optimization in the design stage. In this paper, based on a real case study, we will describe how to model and choose the regime parameters in both induction hardening and tempering.
Numerical investigation of double sided plasma vortex generator in separation control
Authors: Mukut A N M M I , Afroz H M M
Published: January 2022

Control of flow separation is a great issue to deal with a moving body to ensure its proper aerodynamic characteristics. To achieve this, various methods including active and passive control are suggested depends upon the flow characteristics and the surface in which control is necessary. To make the better use of both active and passive method of flow control this article proposed a new type of double sided plasma actuator (DSPVG) to overcome the drag penalty of conventional vortex generators (VGs) that commonly used in controlling flow and to use actively control. In this regard, the effectiveness of DSPVG has been numerically and experimentally investigated in a separated flow region of a 20° diffuser of an open type tunnel. DSPVG is placed at the upstream of separation location normal to the surface as like as conventional VG except zero angle with flow direction. Both numerical and experimental results of DSPVG are compared with that of VG and baseline flow and better agreements are found. Moreover, DSPVG has shown better separation suppression ability than conventional VGs due to its dual vortices. It is found that DSPVG significantly delay the separation. A freestream flow of 4 m s−1 is used for experiments and numerical computations.
Facilitated case conferences on end-of-life care for persons with advanced dementia—a qualitative study of interactions between long-term care clinicians and family members
Authors: Francisco Mari Claire , Lane Heather , Luckett Tim , Disalvo Domenica , Pond Dimity , Mitchell Geoffrey , Chenoweth Lynette , Phillips Jane , Beattie Elizabeth , Luscombe Georgina , Goodall Stephen , Agar Meera
Published: January 2022

Background

Prognostic uncertainty and the need for proxy decision-making owing to cognitive impairment in advanced dementia, adds complexity to end-of-life care planning within the long-term care setting. Case conferences provide a structure to facilitate difficult conversations and an opportunity for family and clinicians to engage in prospective planning, and reach agreement on goals of end-of-life care.

Objective

To explore interactions between multidisciplinary healthcare clinicians and families during facilitated case conferences on end-of-life care for residents with advanced dementia.

Methods

A qualitative approach was used. Transcripts of audio-recorded case conferences facilitated by a trained registered nurse were coded by two independent researchers and analysed inductively. Transcripts were selected from an available pool until thematic saturation was reached. Emerging themes were confirmed with the wider research group.

Results

Thematic saturation was reached after 25 transcripts. An overarching theme concerned the ways in which clinicians and families bridged medical and person-centred perspectives. Subthemes included: details of day-to-day care versus establishing overall goals of care; expression of emotion versus retreat from emotion; and missed opportunities versus expressed cues. Successful facilitation served to ‘bridge the gap’ between family and clinicians.

Conclusion

Facilitation of case conferences for residents with advanced dementia should focus on ensuring that: clinicians do not miss opportunities to discuss end-of-life care; discussions on the minutiae of care regularly return to the resident’s broader goals of care; and information on dementia and treatments provided by clinicians is integrated with advice by family members regarding the resident’s premorbid values and likely preferences.