bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Aptamer Beacon-based SERS biosensor for the detection of nucleic acids
Authors: Martino Sara , Yilmaz Deniz , Esposito Alessandro , Giannetti Ambra , Misso Gabriella , Caraglia Michele , De Luca Anna Chiara , De Stefano Luca , Rea Ilaria
Published: October 2024

Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules for the functioning of cells. In past years, nucleic acids have been assessing their role in prognostics and diagnostics. The progress of nanotechnology has allowed the fabrication of various type of nanostructured biosensors able to detect them with high sensitivity and specificity. Among the available sensing mechanisms, the sensor technology based on Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is frequently preferred for identifying nucleic acids. In these sensors, natural or synthetic oligonucleotide sequences, acting as probes to hybridize the target molecules, are immobilized on a plasmonic sensing platform. In particular, aptamers, short DNA/RNA sequences, are emerging as new recognition elements for their chemical stability and specificity. Here, we focus on the combination of a specific type of aptamer, a molecular aptamer beacon, and nanostructured SERS biosensors for a sensitive detection of nucleic acids.
Investigating gravitational lensing diffraction in the laboratory with structured light
Authors: Galvez Enrique J. , Nguyen Thao , Rodriguez-Fajardo Valeria , Kendja Kwakye , Moreso Serra Anna , Bulashenko Oleg
Published: October 2024

We use spatial light modulation to investigate the diffractive effects of gravitational lensing in the laboratory. Using this new platform for laboratory astrophysics, we can overcome the coherence challenges that prevent the observation of diffraction in astronomical imaging. These studies will inform gravitational lensing of gravitational waves when imaging of gravitational waves becomes available. Our previous work involved studying lensing by a single mass, symmetric and elliptical. This work focuses on the patterns produced by a binary-mass system. We observed rich 2-dimensional interference patterns bounded by caustics. Comparison of experimental results with preliminary theoretical calculations is excellent.
Closing the debate on the transverse orbital angular momentum of spatiotemporal optical vortices
Authors: Porras Miguel A.
Published: October 2024

We present a theory of the transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) of spatiotemporal wave packets that explains the different values of the transverse OAM of spatiotemporal optical vortices (STOVs) provided by several authors as belonging to different canonical STOVs. The theory also rules out inaccurate values contributed by other authors, closing the debate on this issue.
Structured light and ultracold atoms in a driven optical cavity
Authors: Henderson Grant W. , Robb Gordon R. M. , Oppo Gian-Luca , Yao Alison M.
Published: October 2024

We consider a far-red-detuned optical cavity, driven by a pump, which contains an ultracold atomic medium. Using coupled partial differential equations which describe the evolution of the atomic and optical fields, we demonstrate that our model leads to novel self-structuring, led by the optical field through the dipole force, within the ultracold atomic medium. Introducing OAM to the optical pump, we demonstrate that these structures may be made to rotate, forming atomic fields analogous to persistent phase currents.
Structured Light in Vision Science Applications
Authors: Sarenac Dusan , Cory David , Garrad Davis , Kapahi Connor , Kulmaganbetov Mukhit , Mungalsingh Melanie , Salehi Iman , Silva Andrew , Singh Taranjit , Thompson Ben , Pushin Dmitry
Published: October 2024

The dichroic macular pigment in the eye acts as a natural radial polarization filter and enables humans to directly perceive polarization-related entoptic phenomena. Linearly polarized blue light induces a subtle bowtie-like pattern known as Haidinger’s brush in the central point of vision. The clarity and shape of this perceived pattern are directly linked to the health of the macula, rendering Haidinger’s brush a potential diagnostic marker in research on early-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and central field visual dysfunction. However, due to the faint nature of this signal, integrating the perception of Haidinger’s brush into modern clinical methods remains a challenge. Here we review some advances in techniques to increase the strength of the perceived signal by employing polarization coupled orbital angular momentum states. We successfully achieved the creation of stimuli with higher numbers of azimuthal fringes, enabling the perception and discrimination of Pancharatnam-Berry phases, measuring the visual angle of entoptic phenomena, retinal imaging using structured light, and the creation of radially varying entoptic stimuli. Our current studies are focusing on applying the structured light methods that we developed to subjects that suffer from ocular diseases such as AMD.
Integrating Optical Nanofibres with Cold Rubidium Ground-State and Rydberg Atoms
Authors: Nic Chormaic Síle
Published: October 2024

In recent years, optical nanofibres have become a promising platform for trapping, manipulating and controlling atomic systems. In this work, I will highlight our recent work on the demonstration of multiphoton processes using optical nanofibres embedded in a Rb MOT for the generation of entangled photons and the excitation of Rydberg atoms for all-fibred quantum networks.
Directional spectral emissivity characterization and modeling of laser-patterned steel surfaces
Authors: Gabirondo-López Jon , González de Arrieta Iñigo , Soldera Marcos , Lasagni Andrés F. , Arredondo Iñigo , Igartua Josu M. , López Gabriel A.
Published: October 2024

We present preliminary results on the fabrication of patterned surfaces by Direct Laser Interference Patterning and the characterization and theoretical interpretation of their infrared emissivities. The upgraded experimental method is capable of studying the full directional emission of samples under a controlled atmosphere at high temperatures. The effects of surface patterning can be quantitatively studied and modeled using a numerical method based on rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA), a technique usually employed for periodic surfaces. The results show that laser interference patterning is capable of modifying the infrared emission of metallic materials, and that these changes can be accurately measured and numerically reproduced.
Solvent role for the electrospinning of PVDF-HFP nanofibrous coatings for passive radiative cooling applications
Authors: Talamo Ruiz Jessica Alexandra , Vitale Alessandra , Pattelli Lorenzo
Published: October 2024

Due to the increasing demand of cooling systems, new techniques to produce materials with specific optical properties are being developed for innovative applications such as passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC). In recent years, electrospun polymeric coatings have been proposed as one of the most promising and scalable techniques for PDRC, due to the high solar reflectivity induced by their nanofibrous structure. Specifically, electrospun poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) exhibit negligible absorption in the solar wavelength range, and a selective emissivity in the atmospheric transparency range provided by its C-F bonds. However, the production of these coatings by electrospinning involves the use of toxic or hazardous solvents. In this study, we explore the substitution of traditional solvents with a non-toxic one, i.e., dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), to produce PVDF-HFP electrospun coatings. Through an easy one-step electrospinning process, 35 μm-thick coatings composed of well-defined, cylindrical, uniform, and continuous fibers are obtained with comparable properties to those obtained using traditional solvents.
Multimodal spectroscopic assessment of mechanical and chemical properties of ABS objects in cultural heritage preservation
Authors: Cardinali Martina Alunni , Bargagli Irene , Di Tullio Valeria , Doherty Brenda , Paolantoni Marco , Fioretto Daniele , Proietti Noemi , Sabatini Francesca , Miliani Costanza , Storace Elisa , Russo Sara , Trevisan Rafaela , Vannini Alessandra , Cartechini Laura , Romani Aldo , Comez Lucia , Rosi Francesca
Published: October 2024

The 1960s saw the emergence of plastic as an indispensable component in various fields, including art and design. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) is widely used by artists and designers for a range of applications including sculptures and decorative pieces. Consequently, the necessity to conserve ABS from deterioration is a crucial issue in the field of cultural heritage preservation. Many studies have highlighted the criticality of the stability of the polybutadiene component when exposed to light. We propose a new multimodal spectroscopic approach to assess the conservation status of plastic design objects. This non-destructive approach combines correlative Brillouin and Raman micro-spectroscopy (BRaMS), external reflection IR spectroscopy and portable NMR relaxometry. BRaMS is a novel non-destructive technique in the field of heritage conservation, allowing simultaneous monitoring of chemical and mechanical changes occurring at the sample surface. The present study focused on photochemically aged LEGO® bricks made of ABS and aimed to i) correlate chemical and mechanical changes induced by light exposure and ii) introduce a surface degradation index (SDI), measurable in situ by external reflection IR spectroscopy, to assess the state of conservation of plastic artefacts. Finally, non-invasive investigations were carried out on real design objects using the MObile LABoratory (MOLAB) platform.
Multivariate analysis on fused hyperspectral datasets within Cultural Heritage field
Authors: Di Benedetto Alessia , de Almieda Nieto Luìs Manuel , Candeo Alessia , Valentini Gianluca , Comelli Daniela , Alfeld Matthias
Published: October 2024

This work introduces a novel method to multivariate analysis applied to fused hyperspectral datasets in the field of Cultural Heritage (CH). Hyperspectral Imaging is a well-established approach for the non-invasive examination of artworks, offering insights into their composition and conservation status. In CH field, a combination of hyperspectral techniques is usually employed to reach a comprehensive understanding of the artwork. To deal with hyperspectral data, multivariate statistical methods are essential due to the complexity of the data. The process involves factorizing the data matrix to highlight components and reduce dimensionality, with techniques such as Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) gaining prominence. To maximize the synergies between multimodal datasets, the fusion of hyperspectral datasets can be coupled with multivariate analysis, with potential applications in CH. In this work, I will show examples of this approach with different combinations of datasets, including reflectance and transmittance spectral imaging, Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging and Time-Gated Hyperspectral Imaging, and Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy micro-mapping.
Use of hyperspectral imaging to monitor the effectiveness of plasma-generated atomic oxygen for non-contact cleaning of indigo dyed silk
Authors: Martinelli Elisabetta , Candeo Alessia , Di Benedetto Alessia , Yang Nan , Cremonesi Marta , Mederos-Henry Francisco , Van der Snickt Geert , Nikiforv Anton , Comelli Daniela
Published: October 2024

This study explores the use of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to monitor the effectiveness of plasma-generated atomic oxygen (AO) treatment for non-invasive cleaning of cultural heritage object. Silk samples dyed with indigo blue, including those soiled with soot to mimic historical artifacts, were treated with plasma-generated atomic oxygen for varying durations. Using HSI with a TWINS [1,2] birefringent interferometer, diffuse reflectance and light-induced fluorescence are observed. That allowed a precise evaluation of sample degradation avoiding any invasive sample extraction. This research not only contributes to the field of cultural heritage conservation but also enhances understanding of indigo colour degradation processes and the evaluation of non-invasive cleaning techniques on sensitive materials.
Deep Classification from Scattered Light
Authors: Peña-Gutiérrez Sara , Leonetti Marco
Published: October 2024

Photonic Stochastic Emergent Learning (PSEL) represents an innovative paradigm rooted in mathematical brain modelling and emergent memories. In this study, we explore the intersection of these concepts to address memory storage and classification tasks. Leveraging optical computing principles and random projections, PSEL constructs memory representations from the inherent randomness in nature. Specifically, we select a set of highly similar random states generated by coherent light scattered from a diffusive medium. Classification is performed by organizing the memories spatially into different classes and comparing inputs to those stored memories. The results demonstrate the efficacy of PSEL in memory construction and parallel classification, emphasizing its potential applications in high-performance computing and artificial intelligence systems.
Schistosoma antigens: A future clinical magic bullet for autoimmune diseases?
Authors: Chaponda Mphatso Mayuni , Lam Ho Yin Pekkle
Published: October 2024

Autoimmune diseases are characterized by dysregulated immunity against self-antigens. Current treatment of autoimmune diseases largely relies on suppressing host immunity to prevent excessive inflammation. Other immunotherapy options, such as cytokine or cell-targeted therapies, have also been used. However, most patients do not benefit from these therapies as recurrence of the disease usually occurs. Therefore, more effort is needed to find alternative immune therapeutics. Schistosoma infection has been a significant public health problem in most developing countries. Schistosoma parasites produce eggs that continuously secrete soluble egg antigen (SEA), which is a known modulator of host immune responses by enhancing Th2 immunity and alleviating outcomes of Th1 and Th17 responses. Recently, SEA has shown promise in treating autoimmune disorders due to their substantial immune-regulatory effects. Despite this interest, how these antigens modulate human immunity demonstrates only limited pieces of evidence, and whether there is potential for Schistosoma antigens in other diseases in the future remains an unsolved question. This review discusses how SEA modulates human immune responses and its potential for development as a novel immunotherapeutic for autoimmune diseases. We also discuss the immune modulatory effects of other non-SEA schistosome antigens at different stages of the parasite’s life cycle.
Prediction and Analysis of Corporate Financial Distress Based on Random Forest Model and GBDT
Authors: Cao Yusheng
Published: October 2024

Predicting financial trouble effectively is now crucial as businesses face an increasing variety of financial threats. This research utilizes a dataset to predict a company's financial difficulties using GBDT and Random Forest models. The objective is to assess how well these models handle nonlinear interactions, capture data properties, and prevent overfitting. Firstly, data preprocessing ensures data quality, and then random forest and GBDT models are applied for analysis. Random forests perform outstandingly in feature selection and avoiding overfitting, while GBDT has significant advantages in capturing nonlinear relationships. The evaluation results show that the single model has limitations. Therefore, this article proposes to integrate the random forest and GBDT model to comprehensively leverage their respective advantages. The experimental results of the integrated model show a significant improvement in predictive performance. In summary, the model integration strategy effectively improves the accuracy of financial distress prediction, provides a more reliable tool for enterprise risk management, and also offers new directions for future research.
Development and Challenges of the Second-Hand Electronic Product E-commerce Market from the Perspective of Circular Economy
Authors: Feng Ming
Published: October 2024

The global economy is entering a new age, and with it, the online marketplace for used electronics is entering a period of high-quality development. Following the tenets of the circular economy, it is critical to provide ways for market growth that cater to customers' needs for ecological preservation and economical efficiency. This goal has been attained by constructing a theoretical analytical framework that, in light of the ever-changing principles of the circular economy, will allow us to investigate how the e- commerce market for used electronic products has evolved. With the help of governmental frameworks and technological advancements, this framework explains how the market develops, including market-driven processes and quality control cycles. Examining changes in market growth modes and real-world applications as means to attain high-quality development within the circular economy is the goal. With a dedication to boosting product quality and increasing customer happiness, the goal of developing the second- hand electronic device e-commerce sector is to provide consumers with items that satisfy their expectations. Consequently, in order to meet the diverse needs of consumers and advance the circular economy, it is crucial to strengthen quality control through internal product quality circulation, build trust and perception among consumers, and create evaluation systems for products and after-sales services. This will promote the high-quality evolution of the second-hand electronic product e-commerce market.
Research on Hotel Green Management Model Based on Sustainable Development Strategy
Authors: Sun Langjing
Published: October 2024

Currently, the traditional hotel business model urgently needs to be transformed and upgraded. It should be combined with sustainable development strategies, integrate green development concepts, and create a hotel green management model based on sustainable development strategies. Meanwhile, scientifically improving the green management system of hotels cannot be achieved overnight. It requires the joint efforts of hotels and customers to fully implement the concept of green development. It can be said that implementing and improving the green management model of hotels, following the sustainable development strategy, not only requires the participation of hotel managers but also the cooperation of consumer groups. Therefore, this article explores the definitions of sustainable development strategy and hotel green management, emphasizes the significance of hotel green management model based on sustainable development strategy, and points out the basic principles of hotel green management model based on sustainable development strategy, including resource reduction principle, resource substitution principle, resource reuse principle, and resource recycling principle. It also points out the problems that hotels currently face in implementing a green management model and proposes targeted solutions.
Research on FinTech Promoting Financial Innovation and Growth in Emerging Markets
Authors: Liu Yutong
Published: October 2024

With the rapid development of science and technology, financial technology has become an important force driving global financial innovation and growth. Especially in emerging markets, the application of FinTech enhances financial services' efficiency, promotes financial inclusion, and injects new vitality into economic growth. This article explores the concept and components of fintech and describes its role in emerging markets. The article begins by unpacking the definition and functional scope of FinTech and provides a compendium of its information categorization. It then delves into the specific steps of FinTech in blockchain implementation, encompassing the construction of knowledge architectures and technological processes, highlighting the mechanisms of information mining, integration, and access. Taking the case of developing countries in particular, the article reviews the positive contribution of the practical application of blockchain in conjunction with fintech to financial innovation in these countries in terms of expanding financial penetration, enhancing the effectiveness and security of transactions, and stimulating new service models. In addition, the challenges faced by these countries in implementing fintech strategies are also analyzed. Overall, the analysis in this paper provides insights into how FinTech can support financial development and economic growth in emerging markets.
Analysis of Metaverse and International Marketing Strategy: A Case Study by Using Roblox as a Sample
Authors: Lin Xuanru
Published: October 2024

Virtual reality technology is significantly affecting global business marketing strategies. This article uses Roblox as a case study to explore the application and impact of virtual reality in international marketing. The article reviews the current status of virtual reality, analyzes the importance of international marketing and traditional models, proposes the impact of virtual reality on international marketing strategies, and predicts potential changes in the future market. The study found that while there are challenges to international marketing of virtual reality, these limitations can be overcome with sound strategies. This article provides theoretical support and practical guidance for enterprises’ marketing in virtual reality.
Research on the Development and Challenges of Remote Medical Service Models in the Medical Digital Economy
Authors: Kwok Ka Chun
Published: October 2024

With the rapid development of the digital economy, the remote medical service model is undergoing unprecedented profound changes. This change is not only reflected in the continuous innovation of technology, such as the wide application of advanced technologies such as the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence, but it also involves the comprehensive upgrading of medical service concepts, models, and management systems. In the context of the medical digital economy, remote medical services have gradually become an important component of medical services due to their unique advantages, such as cross- regional and efficient convenience, bringing patients a more convenient and efficient medical experience. While remote medical services are rapidly developing, they also face many challenges. Information security issues, technological ethical dilemmas, and uneven service quality are all urgent problems that need to be addressed in the current development of remote medical services. These issues are not only related to the sustainable development of remote medical services but also directly affect the vital interests of patients. This article aims to explore in depth the current development status of remote medical service models under the background of the medical digital economy, comprehensively analyze the challenges they face, and propose corresponding response strategies. We hope that this study can provide useful references for the sustainable development of remote medical services, promote their better service to the health needs of patients, optimize the allocation of medical resources, and comprehensively improve the quality of medical services.
Research on the Innovation Driven Growth Path of Developing Economies in the Context of Globalization
Authors: Xu Xiaoyu
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on the challenges and opportunities faced by developing economies in a globalizing world and explores the path to innovation-driven growth. According to research, globalization presents developing economies with tremendous opportunities for market and technological exchange, but it also brings intense international competition and pressure to upgrade their industries. Case studies, such as the success of South Korea and the challenges of Argentina, demonstrate the importance of innovation- driven growth strategies. To cope with the challenges brought by globalization, it is suggested that developing economies need to enhance their innovation capabilities and economic competitiveness by strengthening international cooperation, increasing education investment, and improving the institutional environment. Through these strategies, these economies can be transformed into more efficient and sustainable development models, thereby occupying a more advantageous position in the global economy.
Exploring the Significance of Enhancing Leadership for Promoting Sustainable Development in Enterprises
Authors: Jin Ruibo
Published: October 2024

In today’s rapidly changing economic environment, leadership is one of the key factors driving sustainable development in enterprises. Excellent leadership not only guides companies to adapt to market changes but also motivates employees to pursue higher standards of business performance. This paper explores the importance of enhancing leadership for sustainable development in enterprises by analyzing the relationships between leadership, corporate innovation, employee satisfaction, and environmental responsibility. A comprehensive framework for enhancing leadership is proposed, aimed at helping enterprises build a stronger and more forward-thinking leadership team. Leadership is the driving force behind the advancement of enterprises. Firstly, leadership is crucial for promoting corporate innovation. Innovation is not merely about offering new products or services; it encompasses continuously seeking breakthroughs in thinking, management processes, and corporate culture. Visionary leaders can foster an open and supportive environment, encouraging employees to contemplate possible future trends and solutions, thereby maintaining a competitive edge in the market.
Discourse Analysis of Social Media Discourse: Construction and Deconstruction of Social Reality
Authors: Pan Xin
Published: October 2024

With social media’s rise and widespread application, social science research has entered a new era, bringing new challenges and opportunities to the academic community on how to use social media data for high-quality social reality construction and deconstruction research. Based on the dynamic evolution of social media development, this study constructs a theoretical framework for social media discourse analysis, aiming to explain the social reality construction and development mechanism jointly generated by user- generated content (UGC) and algorithmic recommendation systems in terms of discourse dissemination mechanism and information circulation mechanism. The core goal of social media development is to provide information services that meet user expectations, while committed to continuously improving user experience quality and enhancing user satisfaction. To achieve this goal, we have proposed a series of measures, such as strengthening information control based on the internal circulation of content quality, building an interactive mechanism between users and platform quality perception, and establishing an evaluation system for user feedback and platform governance to achieve high-quality development of social media, promote the construction and deconstruction of social reality, and truly meet user needs.
Research on the Meaning of Freedom and Profound Philosophy Based on Abstract Expressionist Painting
Authors: Wei Yun
Published: October 2024

Art studies encompass the exploration of painting, sculpture, design, and other visual arts. It is a collective term for aesthetics and artistic practice (hereafter referred to as “art”). It has distinct creativity and expressiveness and presents more complex attributes than social science. In the research process in this field, deeper exploration cannot be reached through the quantification and application of scientific models, and the types of research methods are limited to a certain extent. With the advent of the era of digital technology and multimedia technology, the academic community has paid more and more attention to the research methods of art. In recent years, scholars have begun to focus on the combination of innovation and interdisciplinary studies. Applying digital technology in art theory is a notable example. Due to the complexity of the research objects and problems involved, how to effectively integrate digital technology and art has become a key issue to be solved urgently in academia. This research aims to investigate how the theories mentioned can be applied in practice, to offer a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for enhancing the blending and creativity of internal and external components of the discipline.
Universalization of Education and Educational Entrepreneurship in China: Market Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Ma Mingchuan
Published: October 2024

This study examines Chinese education’s universalization, entrepreneurship, and potential. Since 1949, when China started tackling adult illiteracy, its education system has gone from universal to global. This advances national growth and human quality. Through research education, evidence-based policy, and industrial excellence, the study examines Chinese universal education and educational entrepreneurship. Educational entrepreneurship involves promotion, early childhood education in rich areas, K12, vocational training, and adult education. This study examines prominent education companies’ business strategy, market share, and competitive strategies and how Internet platforms, VR, AR, and gamification effect education. National policy affects special, minority, and social education. This research analyzes how Western teaching methods increase educational accessibility and entrepreneurship in China and other countries. This article discusses global education penetration, education entrepreneurship definitions and qualities, and success and failure stories. It provides evidence-based education policy, practice, and industry development advice to China. Chinese and international education accomplishments are examined for equality, technology integration, and educational entrepreneurship.
Research on Strategies for Wound Healing and Infection Control in Skin Disease Nursing
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu
Published: October 2024

The skin, as the largest organ in the human body, plays multiple roles such as protecting, sensing, and regulating body temperature. Wound healing and infection control are two extremely important links, in the treatment and care of skin diseases. Efficient wound healing and infection control strategies affect the speed and quality of patient recovery and can reduce medical costs and alleviate social burdens. This study adopts the method of literature review to systematically sort out the basic theory of skin wound healing, analyze the particularity of skin disease wound care, and summarize the key technologies of wound healing and infection control. Research has found that skin wound healing is a complex physiological process involving multiple stages such as inflammatory response, cell proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Therefore, wound care for skin diseases requires personalized nursing measures based on the characteristics of different types of skin diseases. The research results indicate that effective wound healing and infection control strategies include: cleaning the wound, rational use of dressings, maintaining a moist environment for the wound, and timely treatment of infections. These strategies provide a scientific theoretical basis and practical guidance for wound healing and infection control in skin disease care, which helps to improve the quality of clinical nursing and promote patient recovery.
Exploration on the Impacts of AI on the Labor Market and Recommendations on Government Intervention
Authors: Sun Yongtai , Wang Yige
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence develops rapidly and occupies an important position in people’s lives. AI technology can automate many repetitive tasks, thus improving production efficiency and reducing labor costs, promoting economic growth. The extensive adoption of AI will lead to the decline of specific traditional jobs, particularly those that are repetitive and require low skill levels, like assembly line manufacturing and data entry. At the same time, AI technology in workplaces leads to a growing need for employees who can adapt to various tasks and responsibilities in different areas. Therefore, there is a demand for individuals skilled in multiple disciplines to integrate these technologies, such as physicians with expertise in medicine and AI technology. Simultaneously, AI advancements are creating fresh job requirements. This paper looked into AI’s influence on the labor market. By evaluating government policy, this paper aims to discover how the labor market should adjust to keep pace regarding work requirements, education, and working arrangements to mitigate AI’s disruption to the labor market and ensure the country’s economic growth.
Research on the Application of Smart Elderly Care Services in Home Elderly Care
Authors: Shi Zhoutian , Zhou Zitong
Published: October 2024

The conventional wisdom about caring for the elderly inside families is crumbling under the weight of a fast-changing society and the mounting problems caused by an aging population. Smart senior care services leverage cutting-edge technology like AI, IoT, and big data analytics to provide comprehensive, specifically personalized care. This paper explores the theoretical foundations, practical applications, challenges, and recommended solutions for smart care services for the elderly using specific case studies to illustrate possible trends in future development. These services’ technical foundation consists of big data analysis to help identify the needs of the elderly, internet of things (IoT) to enable real-time monitoring, and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that offer smart health management solutions. These services include a wide range of tasks, such as monitoring health, helping with everyday tasks, and responding to emergencies. Costs, data security, and privacy protection are three of the many obstacles to marketing and expanding these services. A variety of approaches, including increased public awareness, supporting legislation, and regulatory actions, are proposed in the paper as potential solutions to these problems. Smart senior care services show great potential for home-based care, according to case studies. As time goes on and society evolves, these services are predicted to become more popular, making life easier and more pleasant for elders.
Research on Ethical Issues in the Design of Intelligent Assistive Devices: Privacy, Security, and Responsibility
Authors: Yang Haokun
Published: October 2024

With the widespread application of intelligent assistive devices, ethical issues in their design are becoming increasingly prominent. This paper explores ethical issues in the design of intelligent assistive devices from three aspects: privacy protection, security assurance, and responsibility attribution, and proposes corresponding solutions. By analyzing the collection and processing of user data, data sharing, and third-party access, device security design, network security, and data encryption, the responsibilities of designers and manufacturers, as well as the responsibilities and obligations of users, this paper aims to provide ethical guidance for the design of intelligent assistive devices, ensuring that they are fully considered in protecting user privacy, ensuring security, and clarifying responsibility attribution.
Research on Investment Benefits and Risk Management of Solar Energy Projects Based on Green Finance
Authors: Yang Zining
Published: October 2024

The investment in solar energy projects is the main emphasis of green financing. To a further degree, this encourages the renewable energy industry to embrace green financial practices. This method has emerged as an important theoretical framework. On top of that, it is an essential instrument for attaining sustainable development. Solar energy projects under green finance are analyzed for their investment benefits, risk management, and related investment strategies. By analyzing green finance policies and tools, the thesis is going to be able to identify risk, evaluate it, and propose ways to respond. Improving economic, ecological, and societal advantages is our primary goal in introducing a new research paradigm and a new point of view. Green finance innovation is another area we want to encourage. In particular, we look at how the green financing system came to be. Our long-term objective is to combine solar energy projects with green financing.
Exploring New Judicial Models under the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Ao Ieong Man Chon
Published: October 2024

Amidst global environmental issues and social justice challenges, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) serve as essential guidance for policy formulation and societal advancement worldwide. As a pivotal institution for upholding legal fairness and justice, the judiciary must also align with this global consensus. Contemporary judicial models emphasize traditional legal procedural fairness while integrating considerations of environmental protection, resource allocation, and social inclusivity. This paper examines the judiciary’s evolving role within the framework of the SDGs, analyzing how it synthesizes the three pillars of economy, society, and environment to more comprehensively achieve justice and equity. The SDGs provide novel perspectives and impetus for judicial innovation. The judiciary must not only render equitable decisions in civil and criminal matters but also foster sustainable societal development through legal reforms. This emerging model underscores the judiciary’s enhanced focus on social responsibility, commitment to safeguarding vulnerable populations, raising environmental consciousness, and promoting values of peace and justice in society.
Psychological Exploration of Student Identity Recognition and Academic Adaptation in a Multicultural Context
Authors: Ye Shanhai
Published: October 2024

In the context of multiculturalism, students’ identity recognition and academic adaptation have become hot topics in psychological research. This article aims to explore the psychological mechanisms behind this phenomenon and the impact of different cultural backgrounds on students’ psychological development and academic performance. A multicultural environment provides students with a diverse learning and living space, but at the same time, it also brings about confusion and conflict in identity recognition. Students may struggle between self-identity and social expectations, which can affect their mental health and academic adaptation. The construction of identity is a complex and ever-changing process, influenced by various factors such as family, peers, education, and social culture. Students in a multicultural environment need to find their own positioning in different cultural values, which is of great significance for their psychological adaptation and social integration. In terms of academic adaptation, students from multicultural backgrounds also face significant challenges. Language barriers, cultural differences, and differences in educational systems can all become obstacles to academic adaptation. How to effectively support these students, help them overcome obstacles, and improve academic performance is the focus of attention for educators and psychologists. Research has shown that support systems in schools and society, inclusive education strategies, and positive awareness and understanding of multicultural backgrounds are crucial for promoting students’ mental health and academic success.
Radiology during a war – experience in Ukraine
Authors: Nehria Nataliia , Nehria Yevhenii , Bukharin Tymofii
Published: October 2024

Military radiology, an integral part of military medicine, plays a pivotal role in medical triage, diagnosis, and treatment. Its significance lies in providing timely and accurate assessments in challenging situations.

The utilization of contemporary sonographic techniques enables rapid identification of life-threatening conditions, ensuring prompt medical aid and facilitating regional anesthesia. Computed tomography emerges as a critical tool for assessing injury extent, planning surgeries, monitoring postoperative phases, and conducting retrospective evaluations, especially when anatomical dissection is complex.

Battlefield radiology not only enhances the understanding of injury mechanisms and battlefield traumas but also contributes significantly to the overall improvement of diagnostic and treatment approaches. Ukrainian doctors actively engaged in diverse stages of patient care accumulate a wealth of knowledge, substantially elevating the survival rates of wounded individuals. This experience serves as the foundation for ongoing enhancements and the advancement of military radiology, even during periods of peace.
The Association between the Social Vulnerability Index and Adverse Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: McCarley Charlotte B. , Blanchard Christina T. , Nassel Ariann , Champion Macie L. , Battarbee Ashley N. , Subramaniam Akila
Published: October 2024

Objective Identifying underlying social risk factors for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission is important for designing interventions to reduce adverse outcomes. We aimed to determine whether a patient's exposure to community-level stressors as measured by the social vulnerability index (SVI) is associated with NICU admission.

Study Design Retrospective cohort study (2014–2018) of patients delivering a liveborn ≥ 22 weeks' gestation at a quaternary care center. Patient addresses were used to assign each individual a composite SVI and theme score. The primary exposure was a composite SVI score categorized into tertiles. The primary outcome was NICU admission. Secondary outcomes included NICU length of stay and neonatal morbidity composite. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between composite SVI and outcomes (low SVI as referent). We secondarily compared mean composite and theme SVI scores; individual components of each theme were also compared.

Results From 2014 to 2018, 13,757 patients were included; 2,837 (21%) had a neonate with NICU admission. Patients with higher SVI were more likely to self-identify as Black race and have medical comorbidities. Living in areas with moderate or high SVI was not associated with NICU admission (moderate SVI adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.96–1.34; high SVI aOR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.95–1.33). Moderate SVI was associated with increased neonatal morbidity (aOR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.001–1.38). In an analysis of SVI as a continuous variable, mean SVI scores were significantly higher in individuals who had an infant admitted to the NICU. Those requiring NICU admission lived in areas with lower per capita income and a higher number of mobile homes (p < 0.001).

Conclusion Patients living in areas with moderate or high SVI were not shown to have higher odds of having a neonate admitted to the NICU. Neonatal morbidity was higher in those living in areas with moderate SVI. Increased access to social services may improve neonatal outcomes.

Key Points
China–US scientific collaboration on sustainable development amidst geopolitical tensions
Authors: Li Rongrong , Ren Feng , Wang Qiang
Published: October 2024

This study aims to investigate whether growing geopolitical competition has affected international collaboration in sustainable development research, with a particular focus on structural changes in bilateral research collaboration between China and the United States. Three datasets have been created and compared using bibliographic information provided by the Web of Science core collection: before the Trump administration, during the Trump administration, and during the Biden administration. The results indicate that countries worldwide have conducted extensive research in sustainable development, and the United States, China, and the United Kingdom have produced the most publications, demonstrating a high level of scientific research productivity. Concerning the collaborative patterns of sustainable development research, China and the United States are each other’s largest collaborative partners. The intensity of scientific research collaboration between the two countries has not declined due to geopolitical tensions. Conversely, the intensity of scientific research between the two countries is still increasing. The keyword thematic explorations reveal that research on China–US collaboration has focused differently across the three time periods and that despite differences in research bias, efforts to contribute to advancing the achievement of the SDGs have been consistent. It is possible that geopolitical considerations have heightened the urgency of policy research and led to its incorporation into research centers.
Controllable multilevel quantized conduction states in vertical CBRAM using Cu-nanodot ion source
Authors: Lee Sunhyeong , Lee Chuljun , Kwon Ohhyuk , Heo Seongjae , Hwang Hyunsang
Published: October 2024

Restricting the injection of cations is crucial for implementing precise quantized conduction (QC) during the multi-level operation of conductive-bridge random-access memory (CBRAM). This study proposes a method that controls ion supply by confining the Cu ion source to 0D in a vertical structure. This confinement enables sophisticated filament control for multilevel operation. Cu nanodots are formed between the W electrodes, with W and Cu serving as the electron and ion sources for the conducting filament, respectively. When the Cu filament is confined to 0D, the controllability of the QC implementation is better than that in cases where the filament is restricted to 1D or bulk Cu. The highest number of quantized levels was observed for 0D Cu, which can be attributed to the synergistic effects of filament confinement and the decrease in the Cu electrochemical reaction rate. Furthermore, we analyzed the switching mechanism of the Cu nanodots by employing the activation energy extracted by the slope of the voltage-time dilemma. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of confining the ion source to 0D for achieving precise filament control in CBRAM and enabling its applicability to vertical structures.
Utilizing the multifrequency resonances of the electron spins in diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers under strong radio frequency driving for quantum sensing
Authors: Onodera Shunta , Ohkubo Yoshikatsu , Azuma Yusuke , Watanabe Hideyuki , Kashiwaya Satoshi , Nomura Shintaro
Published: October 2024

Multifrequency resonances in the pulsed-optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectra of electron spins in ensemble nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds are investigated under strong radio frequency (RF) driving at a MHz frequency range and weak microwave driving at a GHz frequency range in a bias static magnetic field for quantum sensing applications. First, we demonstrate that the coherent destruction of tunneling, which leads to the disappearance of the main resonance peaks, can be utilized for precise calibration of the RF amplitude. Next, we clarify the condition for enhancing the sensitivity of a DC magnetic field under strong RF driving at the RF frequency that matches the split frequency due to the hyperfine interaction between 15N nuclear spins and the NV electron spins. Our findings indicate that strong RF driving increases the sensitivity of the DC magnetic field by enhancing the ODMR contrast and reducing the linewidth. The above results contribute to certifying the quantitative accuracy of RF imaging and enhancing the sensitivity of the DC magnetic field imaging using ensemble NV centers in diamonds.