bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disrupting “all the familiar geometry”: Drones, Settler Colonialism, and Nasser Hussain’s Difficult Questions
Authors: Stauffer Jill
Published: December 2017

U.S. citizens rarely feel implicated in the harm caused by the U.S.’s widespread use of drones, and both drones’ opponents and proponents focus on value calculus of their usage. Nasser Hussain’s “Phenomenology of a Drone Strike” looks at the problem from the wider angle of the harm continuous use of drones wages on affected communities. This article links inattention to drones’ effects to a related blind spot, “settler common sense”: the way non-native settler colonial subjects rely on framings of the world that normalize settlement as the background truth against which experience of the world is interpreted – and thereby render invisible other possible framings of justice and resistance. If U.S. citizens do not feel implicated in ongoing injustice toward Native Americans, how did that denial become possible? Looking at this problem may help us understand something about our capacity to ignore the use of drones as instruments of terror. In turn, Hussain’s points about how drones are experienced on either side of their usage may help us understand something about settler common sense and indigenous resistance.
Why fencers should bounce: A new method of movement to engage the stretch-shortening cycle
Authors: Turner Anthony N , Harmenberg Johan
Published: December 2017

While teaching a heel first contact style of footwork in fencing (also referred to as toe contribution avoidance) is in keeping with long-standing traditions, it is not conducive to today’s modern style of fast paced and explosive fencing. Equally, fencers towards the elite-end seem to be gradually adopting a more spring-based style, as their body progressively and organically transitions to “ball of the foot” based footwork, in order for them to fence competitively in the manner they have intuitively associated with success. Therefore, if from a young age fencers are taught to make full use of the stretch-shortening cycle via “bouncing” or simply by initiating movement via the ball of the foot, this will expedite the learning process. It will demonstrate to them how the stretch-shortening cycle can be used to move at greater speed, cover greater distances when advancing, retreating and lunging, and conserve the much-needed energy required to compete over daylong competitions. This paper details the mechanistic underpinnings of the stretch-shortening cycle and its application to the modern day fencer.
Digital Diabetes Management Application Improves Glycemic Outcomes in People With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Offringa Reid , Sheng Tong , Parks Linda , Clements Mark , Kerr David , Greenfield Michael S.
Published: December 2017

Background:

Diabetes is a chronic condition that requires constant self-management. As a consequence, several software platforms have been developed to facilitate the tracking of diabetes data to improve diabetes management. Our aim was to determine the real-world glycemic benefits of a mobile diabetes management platform used by individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Methods:

Mobile platform-using (n = 899) and control (n = 900) participants meeting specific minimum data criteria were randomly selected from a database of diabetes users. All results were modeled using different mixed effect generalized linear models, assigning random intercepts for each user, and adjusting the distribution assumption for each outcome.

Results:

Users of the mobile platform increased their frequency of blood glucose monitoring (+8.8 tests per month, 95% CI [3.4, 14.1], P < .001) and had fewer hyperglycemic events and lower average glucose levels compared to the control group. In addition, a mobile user could expect a 3.5% drop in average BG (−6.4 mg/dL, 95% CI [−2.0, −10.7], P < .001) and a 10.7% decrease in hyperglycemia ( P < .001) after 2 months.

Conclusion:

Users of the mobile platform tested their BG more often and demonstrated greater improvement in blood glucose compared to users who did not use the mobile platform. This supports previous studies indicating that digital technologies can enhance diabetes care in a real-world setting.
The Support of Local Underdogs: System Justification Theory Perspectives
Authors: Shin Legendre Tiffany , Warnick Rodney , Baker Melissa
Published: December 2017

Despite the copious anecdotal evidence available, research only recently examines the multidimensional dynamics associated with underdog brands and their essential, complex place in the business world. This research seeks to better conceptualize, operationalize, and refine the theories and constructs surrounding underdogs. The study conducts two 2 × 2 × 2 quasi-experimental between-subjects design studies to fulfill these objectives. Study 1 is designed to confirm that brand localness needs to be separated from underdog concepts as both brand cues distinctively prompt customers’ purchase activism depending on their political orientations. Study 2 extends the system justification theory by replicating Study 1 using a different context and refining control variables to better understand other potential explanations of customer behavior toward underdog/localness brand cues. The results indicate that brand positioning status and brand localness both have main effects on intent to purchase and willingness to pay a price premium. Furthermore, results find political orientation is an important moderator in determining whether customers purchase underdog brands.
Emotional Exhaustion Among Hotel Employees: The Interactive Effects of Affective Dispositions and Positive Work Reflection
Authors: Xu Shi , Martinez Larry R. , Van Hoof Hubert , Estrella Duran Mateo , Maldonado Perez Gabriela , Gavilanes Julio
Published: December 2017

Hospitality employees inevitably face emotional exhaustion when performing their jobs. The purpose of this study was to investigate dispositional antecedents of hospitality employees’ emotional exhaustion, including self-instability, pessimism, and affect variability, and how employees’ affect variability mediates the relations between self-instability and pessimism and emotional exhaustion. In addition, we explored the moderating role of positive work reflection on the relation between affect variability and emotional exhaustion. A total of 224 frontline employees in 18 four- and five-star hotels in Ecuador responded to surveys about their emotions and work lives. The findings suggest that (a) emotional exhaustion was influenced by affect variability, (b) affect variability mediated the relations between self-instability and pessimism and emotional exhaustion, and (c) the relation between affect variability and emotional exhaustion was weakened by positive work reflection. The results highlight the importance of potential low-cost and easily trainable interventions that could help in attenuating the negative effects of highly variable emotions and the resulting exhaustion that are prevalent in the hospitality industry. This research is among the first to examine the dispositional antecedents of emotional exhaustion, and the first to highlight the role of positive work reflection as a moderating variable that can buffer the negative effect of affect variability on emotional exhaustion.
E-learning, resilience and change in higher education: Helping a university cope after a natural disaster
Authors: Ayebi-Arthur Kofi
Published: December 2017

This paper presents a case study of one College of Business (College of Business and Law from 2013) impacted in 2011 by earthquakes in New Zealand. Analyses from interviews of nine staff and documents were used to describe processes of increasing resilience with e-learning over the worst seismic events. Increasing deployment of the University’s learning management system by staff and students plus audio recordings and video recordings of lectures enabled the College to continue its teaching. The Technology Acceptance Model and the generic model of organisational resilience by Resilient Organisations informed the analysis of the adoption and adaptation of e-learning than continued after the crises in the university.
Validation of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis in Japan
Authors: Niino Masaaki , Fukazawa Toshiyuki , Kira Jun-ichi , Okuno Tatsusada , Mori Masahiro , Sanjo Nobuo , Ohashi Takashi , Fukaura Hikoaki , Fujimori Juichi , Shimizu Yuko , Mifune Nobuhiro , Miyazaki Yusei , Takahashi Eri , Kikuchi Seiji , Langdon Dawn , HB Benedict Ralph , Matsui Makoto
Published: December 2017

Background

The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) is a practical battery for measuring cognitive function in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objectives

We aimed to validate a Japanese version of the BICAMS in patients with MS and healthy controls.

Methods

The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT2) and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test Revised (BVMTR) were administered to 156 patients with MS and 126 healthy controls (HCs). The BICAMS was re-administered in a subset of 27 MS patients and 30 HCs.

Results

The mean (±SD) raw scores in the MS and HC groups were as follows: SDMT: MS 47.9 ± 14.0, HC 61.0 ± 9.5; CVLT2: MS 48.6 ± 12.6, HC 55.7 ± 10.5; BVMTR: MS 23.5 ± 8.4, HC 28.3 ± 5.4, respectively, and significant differences were found between the two groups on all tests ( p < 0.0001). Cohen’s d values were 1.07, 0.60, and 0.67 in SDMT, CVLT2, and BVMTR, respectively. The test-retest reliability coefficients for each test were as follows: SDMT: r = 0.93; CVLT2: r = 0.82; and BVMTR: r = 0.77 ( p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

This study provides results that support the reliability and validity of the BICAMS in Japan.
Employee Commitment: The Role of Organizational Socialization and Protean Career Orientation
Authors: Nishanthi Hewawaduge Menaka , Kailasapathy Pavithra
Published: December 2017

The current study examines the impact of organizational socialization on employee commitment of executive employees in banking sector of Sri Lanka and the moderating role of protean career orientation. It is hypothesized based on affect theory of social exchange and social exchange theory that organizational socialization has a positive impact on employee’s affective, continuance and normative commitment forms. Further, it is suggested that these three direct relationships are moderated by the protean career orientation of the banking employees based on self-determination theory. These relationships are tested using data collected from a sample of 209 executive employees in the banking industry of Sri Lanka. Data were collected using questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS and AMOS. Results showed that there is a positive effect of organizational socialization on the three forms of commitment while no moderator effect of protean career orientation was identified on these direct relationships.
Race as an Open Field: Exploring Identity beyond Fixed Choices
Authors: Croll Paul R. , Gerteis Joseph
Published: December 2017

This paper uses new, nationally representative data to examine how Americans describe their own racial and ethnic identities when they are not constrained by conventional fixed categories. Recent work on shifting racial classifications and the fluidity of racial identities in the United States has questioned the subjective and cultural adequacy of fixed categorization schemes. Are traditional racial boundaries breaking down? We explore the possibility in three ways. First, we explore the relationship between open-field identification (asked at time of survey) with fixed-choice racial and ethnic identifications (asked upon panel entry). Despite changes in American racial and ethnic discourse, most people reproduce normative, categorical racial and ethnic descriptors to identify themselves. Yet racial and ethnic classification is more complex and fluid for some respondents, particularly those who had earlier described themselves as Hispanic or mixed race. Second, we investigate the social meaning of alternative racial labels. Within the standard racial and ethnic categories, there are both dominant labels (e.g., White, Black, Hispanic) and less dominant alternatives (e.g., Caucasian, African American, Latinx); in some cases, the differences come with important social distinctions. Third, we explore the ways that a small but important subset of respondents refuse or deny racial identification altogether. We conclude with a discussion of the future of racial and ethnic classifications, paying particular attention to plans for the 2020 U.S. census.
Meaningful and Complex Work: An Exercise to Help Students Understand Intrinsic Motivation
Authors: Blair Carrie A. , Shaver Kelly G.
Published: December 2017

Extrinsic and intrinsic motivations are simple concepts that our students seem to quickly understand, yet few of our students grasp the complexity of sustaining intrinsic motivation. This exercise aims to help students better understand that complexity. Students are given a two-part scenario. In Part 1, the individual motives to innovate are intrinsic (e.g., to have societal impact); in Part 2, the individual is faced with realities that constrain the impact of the innovation (e.g., policies to protect idea ownership and profit). The scenario is purposefully based on an important topic unfamiliar to students (childhood cancer research), which provides an opportunity for inductive learning, and keeps student perceptions between Part 1 and Part 2 separate. The exercise allows for discussion of motivation theory, incentives, ethical decision making, and transformational leadership. In advanced entrepreneurship classes the exercise may help students understand intrapreneurship and technology commercialization. The exercise pairs well with Kerr’s classic article, “The folly of rewarding A . . . ,” on the juxtaposition between goals and incentives. Suggestions for an article and video on childhood cancer research are also provided for the instructor to use to increase perceptions of validity of the scenario. Target audiences for this exercise include undergraduate, graduate, and executive groups.
Successful outcome following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adults with primary immunodeficiency
Authors: Fox Thomas A. , Chakraverty Ronjon , Burns Siobhan , Carpenter Benjamin , Thomson Kirsty , Lowe David , Fielding Adele , Peggs Karl , Kottaridis Panagiotis , Uttenthal Benjamin , Bigley Venetia , Buckland Matthew , Grandage Victoria , Denovan Shari , Grace Sarah , Dahlstrom Julia , Workman Sarita , Symes Andrew , Mackinnon Stephen , Hough Rachael , Morris Emma
Published: December 2017

Key Points

Allo-HSCT with RIC is safe and effective in younger adults with severe PID. Referral triggers should include severe infections, autoimmunity, malignancy, and disease progression despite conservative management.
In silico VHL Gene Mutation Analysis and Prognosis of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in von Hippel–Lindau Disease
Authors: Tirosh Amit , el Lakis Mustapha , Green Patience , Nockel Pavel , Patel Dhaval , Nilubol Naris , Gara Sudheer Kumar , Keutgen Xavier M , Linehan W Marston , Kebebew Electron
Published: December 2017

Context

Patients with von Hippel–Lindau (vHL) disease caused by a missense VHL mutation have a more severe phenotype compared with other VHL mutation types.

Objective

To define pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) aggressiveness according to VHL genotype.

Design

A prospective natural history study.

Setting

The National Institutes of Health clinical center.

Patients

Patients with vHL disease, pancreatic manifestations, and germline missense VHL gene mutations.

Intervention

In-silico prediction of VHL mutation via five computational prediction models. Patients with >80% prediction for disease-causing mutations in all models [high predicted risk (HPR)] were compared with others [low predicted risk (LPR)].

Main Outcome Measure

Rates of metastases, surgical intervention, and disease progression.

Results

Sixty-nine patients were included: 2 developed metastases, 12 needed surgery, and 31 had disease progression during a median follow-up of 60 months (range 13 to 84 months). Thirteen patients were excluded for low prediction reliability. In the remaining 56 patients (45 with PNETs, 11 with pancreatic cysts), the HPR group (n = 13) had a higher rate of disease progression than the LPR group (n = 43) in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio 3.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 11.9; P = 0.037). The HPR group also had a higher risk of developing metastases (P = 0.015). Among patients with codon 167 hotspot mutations (n = 26), those in the HPR group had a higher risk for disease progression (P = 0.03) than other patients.

Conclusions

Computational models for predicting the impact of missense VHL gene mutations may be used as a prognostic factor in patients with PNETs in the context of vHL disease.
Biochemical and Antioxidative Properties of Unprocessed and Sterilized White and Black Sesame By-product from Northern Thailand
Authors: Plaitho Yossaporn , Rattanasena Pawaweena , Chaikham Pittaya , Prangthip Pattaneeya
Published: December 2017

The objectives of this research were to determine the effects of sterilization on storage stability of white and black sesame by-products. Results showed that sterilization at 120 ºC for 10 min had no effect on proximate compositions and mineral contents of both sesame seed cakes, but the significant reductions of thiamine, riboflavin, sesamin, sesamolin, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP assays) were observed. During the storage at 37 ºC, all bioactive components and antioxidant properties apparently tended to decrease when the storage time rose. At the end of storage, PV (peroxide value) and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) values of stored black sesame seed cakes were shown to be significantly lower than that in white sesame seed cakes. This study may suggest the application of black and white sesame seeds cakes as functional food ingredients in the future production.
Physico-Chemical, Mechanical and Antioxidant Properties of Kendu (Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb.)
Authors: Hmar Baby , Mishra Sabyasacasachi , Pradhan Rama
Published: December 2017

Kendu (Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb.) is considered to be a minor forest produce (MFP) in India. The Kendu plant is grown in plenty all over the eastern parts of India for commercialization of its leaves for making bidi, a traditional cigarette. However, most of the harvest goes waste as the fruit has never been explored for its nutritional aspects. Proper processing techniques need to be developed for value-addition of Kendu. The physico-chemical, mechanical, antioxidant properties and, mineral composition of the Kendu fruit were investigated. The fruit is of spherical shape with average sphericity, volume and surface area values of 0.97±0.02, 25.25± 1.37 cm3, and 40.30±1.55 cm2, respectively. The average moisture content of pulp was 66.17±1.84 % (db.). The energy value of the pulp was 491.75±2.0 KJ. Hardness of the fruit in axial direction was 9.5±1.85 N. Total phenolic content (TPC), 2, 2-diphenil-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity and ferric reducing ability in plasma (FRAP) values of fruit were high. Mineral such as potassium, calcium and phosphorus were present in high concentration. Various physico-chemical and mechanical properties found can be used in designing proper equipment for value-addition of the fruit. The data on antioxidant properties suggests the nutritional importance of Kendu fruit.
Determination of Critical Processing Parameters During Instant Ginger Drink Production in Small Scale Industry
Authors: Estiasih Teti , Ahmadi Kgs , Purwantiningrum Indria
Published: December 2017

Ginger is very rich in bioactive compounds and has beneficial effects on health. Ginger based products are assumed as herbal to prevent diseases and maintain health. One of ginger based products is instant ginger drink. This product is processed simply, principally by crystallization of sugar. This study was aimed to determine critical processing parameters, as well as control and critical control points during instant ginger drink production at small scale industry. Processing parameters evaluation were method of size reduction (grating and blending), sedimentation time, and ginger to sugar ratio. Analysis of control and critical control points were performed for all steps of processing. The result showed that method of size reduction did not affect time and yield. Sedimentation time affected residual starch content of ginger extract. Ginger to sugar ratio had significant effect on crystallization time. Control points and critical control point have been established for instant ginger drink production. All steps in instant ginger drink processing are control points, except crystallization which is a critical control point.
Resistant Starch Content of Traditional Indian Legume Preparations
Authors: Nigudkar Madhuri , Gurminder Jagmeet
Published: December 2017

Foods rich in resistant starch RS can play an important role in the management of chronic diseases. Legumes contain higher amount of RS than cereals, roots and tubers. Therefore the current study was undertaken to estimate RS content of some commonly consumed Indian legume preparations. 26 cooked legume based products including 6 readymade traditional snacks were tested for their RS content using Megazyme Assay Kit for Resistant Starch. RS content was estimated for 100 g cooked food and for the cooked portion obtained by using 30 g of major ingredient. One way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s test was used to compare the mean RS content in one portion of different categories of legume preparations. Level of significance was set at p<0.05. RS content of four types of plain pressure cooked dhal, common to Indian cooking, was in the range of 1.21 g% to 2.16 g% whereas aamti, a thinner preparation of dhal contained RS in the range of 0.42 g% to 0.69 g%. In both types of dhal preparations, red gram dhal showed highest RS content followed by bengal gram dhal. Usal made using bengal gram kabuli contained 2.38 g% RS followed by 1.42 g% RS in bengal gram brown usal. RS in bengal gram flour based traditional recipes like zunka, dhirda and pithle was 1.23 g%, 1.48 g% and 0.09 g% respectively. When mean RS content of one portion of different categories of legume preparations was compared, there was no significant difference p≥0.05 found among any of the categories. The results of the study generated useful data with respect to RS content in 100 g as well as RS in one portion of legume preparations and identified preparations with red gram dhal, bengal gram kabuli and brown variety and lentil as relatively higher in RS content.
Development of Probiotic Beetroot Drink
Authors: Panghal Anil , Virkar Kiran , Kumar Vikas , B. Dhull Sanju , Gat Yogesh , Chhikara Navnidhi
Published: December 2017

The study was planned to prepare non- dairy probiotic drink using beetroot juice. Probiotic potential was examined on the basis of viability of Lactobacillus rhamnnosus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus delbrueckii sb. Probiotic drink was prepared at pH 6.5 and optimum fermentation temperature of 37°C. There was gradual decline in pH and sugar content with time. Total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity were enhanced in probiotic drink as compared to fresh juice sample. Study revealed that beetroot drink is a good approach for non-dairy probiotic, free from cholesterol and with health promoting components.
Effect of Microwave Blanching on Slice Thickness and Quality Analysis of Star Fruit
Authors: Behera Gitatanjali , Rayagaguru Kalpana , Nayak Prakash
Published: December 2017

Star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) is one of the underutilized tropical fruits and is a good source of vitamins and minerals. Peroxidase (POD) is the most heat stable enzyme which is used as an indicator for adequacy of blanching process. Blanching is a prerequisite for the preservation of fruits and vegetables. Hot water blanching is having disadvantages like wastewater production and loss of valuable nutrients by leaching. Microwave blanching is one of the emerging and clean technology which seems to provide a better nutrient retention due to shorter heating time and zero wastewater production. Therefore, the present investigation was carried out to identify a suitable blanching method (hot water blanching and microwave blanching) for different slice thickness (5, 10 and 15 mm) of star fruit that ensures enzyme inactivation and maximum retention of therapeutic value (ascorbic acid and oxalic acid). It was observed that blanching at 600, 480, 240 and 120 W power level for a slice thickness of 5, 10 and 15 mm required blanching time of 30-60 s, 40-70 s, 60-80 s, 80-150 s and 300-720 s respectively. For a given slice thickness, the moisture content of samples decreased with increase in power level. The moisture content was reduced to 84-88% w.b. from an initial value of 90% w.b. depending on power level and blanching time combinations. At the same time, the oxalic acid decreased significantly with increase in slice thickness and a decrease in power level. The change in ascorbic acid also showed a similar trend but the influence of slice thickness was not significant (p>0.05).
Antioxidant Capacity and Total Phenolic Content of Fresh, Oven-Dried and Stir-Fried Tamarind Leaves
Authors: Leng Lee , Nadzri Nuramira , Shaari Abdul , Abdul Razak Norawanis , Yee Khor
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content as well as the chemical groups of fresh, oven-dried and stir-fried tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) leaves. Methanol was used for extraction of fresh, oven-dried and stir-fried tamarind leaves. The stir-fried leaves were prepared using medium heat for 10 minutes prior to extraction and chemical analysis while dried leaves were obtained by oven drying at 60°C for 3 hours. The stir-fried leaves had significantly highest total phenolic content (TPC) (139.87 mg/g) and percentage DPPH radical-scavenging inhibition (69.92%) while the fresh leaves had the lowest TPC (39.31 mg/g) and antioxidant capacity (16.46%). The FTIR spectral data suggest that the heat treatment increased the amine groups as well as the antioxidant capacity of the tamarind leaves. To increase the antioxidant capacity, the tamarind leaves should be prepared in a stir-frying process.
Physichochemical Properties of Kefir Drink Using Modified Porang Flour (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) During Storage Period
Authors: Manab Abdul , Purnomo Hari , Widjanarko Simon , Radiati Lilik , Thohari Imam
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this research was to compare physicochemical characteristics of goat milk kefir drink produced by using porang flour and modified porang flourthroughout 21 days storage period. Goat milk kefir drink weretaken at 1, 7, 15 and 21 day of storageperiod, analysed for microstructure, particle size and ethanol content. Analyses of microstructure using confocal laser scaning microscopy (CLSM), particle size using particle size analyser,ethanol content usinggas chromatography (GC).There were significant differencesconsidering the microstructure, particle size and ethanol content of goat milk kefir drink using modified porang flour during storage period.Lower ethanol content was observed in goat milk kefir drink with porang flour and modified porang flour as compared to control sample (no porang flour added) addition, lower ethanol in sample resulted from lower metabolism activity of microbial under lower water activity condition effect of glucomannan in porang flour. Goat milk kefir drink with modified porang flour addition produced lower particle diameter than control and porang flour treatment, it may due to the disruption of milk protein aggregate by modified porang flour. Confocal microscopy showed at modified porang flour treatment shows more homogenous protein milk aggregate.It can be concluded that modified porang flour produced lower ethanol content and particle diameter of goat milk kefir drink and more homogenous protein milk aggregate.
A Potential of Coleus Tuberosus Crackers Rich in Resistant Starch Type 3 Improves Glucose and Lipid Profile of Alloxan –Induced Diabetic Mice
Authors: Nugraheni Mutiara , Hamidah Siti , Auliana Rizqie
Published: December 2017

This study aims to determine the consumption effect of Coleus tuberosus flour and crackers rich in resistant starch type 3 to glucose and lipids profiles in diabetic mice. The study was conducted with four treatments (normal mice with AIN 93 diet, diabetic mice with AIN 93 diet, diabetic mice with Coleus tuberosus flour diet, diabetic mice with coleus tuberosus crackers rich in resistant starch type 3). The analysis of blood glucose levels and lipids profile were determined using an enzymatic colorimetric method with a commercial kit. The results showed that the consumption of Coleus tuberosus flour and crackers rich in resistant starch type 3 can improve glucose and lipids profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein) in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The atherogenic index was smaller on the diet treatment of Coleus tuberosus flour rich in resistant starch type 3 and Coleus tuberosus crackers rich in resistant starch type 3 compared to the AIN 93 feed.This study shows that the raw material (Coleus tuberosus flour rich in resistant starch type 3) and Coleus tuberosus crackers that are rich in resistant starch type 3 can potentially be consumed as a functional food to improve glucose and lipid profiles in diabetes mellitus condition.
Dietary Practices, Lifestyle Patterns and Nutritional Status of Emerging Male Adults in Different Living Arrangements
Authors: Gupta Medha , Gupta Shipra
Published: December 2017

Emerging adulthood is a unique developmental period when many individuals are attending college, and their autonomy and self-sufficiency are increasing. Enrolment to higher education impacts the living arrangements of emerging adults contributing to a high-risk time for adverse health behaviours. The present study determined and compared the dietary practices, lifestyle patterns and nutritional status of emerging male adults (18-25 years) in different living arrangements. A total of 75 emerging males; 25 each living at home, in on-campus hostels, and in off-campus rented accommodations constituted the study sample. Data were gathered from the participants using an interview-cum-questionnaire schedule and a two day 24 hour diet recall method. Anthropometric measurements were also recorded. Findings revealed that higher percentage of participants living in hostels participated in outdoor games frequently, had regular meals and better mean nutrient intake as compared to participants living at home or in rented accommodations. A significant difference among the three groups was observed for the mean intake of energy, protein, carbohydrate, calcium, and riboflavin. Higher percentages of participants living at home and in rented accommodations were classified as overweight or obese as compared to those living in hostels, though the difference was not statistically significant. It could be concluded that living in hostels under some adult supervision in the form of hostel authorities provided the much needed independence as well as control in the correct dose to the emerging adults, to become responsible adults and develop healthy dietary and lifestyle practices.
Production of Exopolysaccharide from Local Fungal Isolate
Authors: Al-Manhel Alaa Jabbar
Published: December 2017

The study investigated in isolation of 26 fungal isolates belonging to 6 different genera viz., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp. , Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., , Rhizopus sp. and Phoma sp. Were screened for exopolysaccharide production. Glucose in culture media was studied to select the medium that gives a maximum production of exopolysaccharide by Penicillium sp., Exopolysaccharide was isolated by ethanol precipitation. The medium which contains glucose had been selected to get the heights production of exopolysaccharide . Fermentation conditions were further investigated to optimize exopolysaccharide production by Penicillium sp. , The optimum substitution ratio, temperatures, pH and incubation periods for the maximum production of the polysaccharide were 100% , 30 ˚C , pH 5 and 9 days respectively. Characteristic of exopolysaccharide compounds were observed in the FTIR spectrum. Thin layer chromatography of the hydrolyzed polysaccharide showed that the exopolysaccharide production was heteropolysaccharide consists of galactose, glucose and mannose.
Low Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) In Adult Population an Indicator of Zinc (Zn) and Magnesium (Mg) Deficiency
Authors: Sundar Ray Chinmaya , Singh Bratati , Jena Itishri , Behera Sudeshna , Ray Subhashree
Published: December 2017

Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity is usually measured as a part of liver function test (LFT) to detect increases in its activity. Less attention has been put to know the conditions associated with decreases in its activity. Micronutrients like Zinc (Zn) and Magnesium (Mg) are important causes of low ALP activity. Our Objective is to find out Zn and Mg deficiencies as important cause of decrease in ALP activity and to initiate supplementation of these minerals. The study was done to assess Zn and Mg deficiency in 42 persons having low ALP activity and 45 healthy controls. Correlation between minerals and ALP activities were also carried out. It was found that 52.38% of cases are Mg deficient and 47.62% cases are Zn deficient. A significant decrease in Zn and Mg was observed in low ALP cases when compared with control (p<0.001, p<0.05). Significant positive correlation was found between the minerals and ALP. Serum Zn and Mg are essential for human body and by screening their deficiency, supplementation of minerals can be initiated.
Effect of Resistant Cassava Starch on Quality Parameters and Sensory Attributes of Yoghurt
Authors: Mwizerwa Herve , Ooko Abong George , Okoth Michael , Ongol Martin , Onyango Calvin , Thavarajah Pushparajah
Published: December 2017

Resistant starch is known to impart a number of health benefits to consumers. It is therefore desirable to increase the content of resistant starch in popular foods such as yoghurt. The current research investigated the effect of cassava resistant starch synthesized by heat-moisture treatment of starch from I92/0057 cassava variety on physico-chemical properties and sensory attributes of yoghurt. Cassava starch rich in resistant starch was incorporated into yoghurt in the proportions of 0, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1%. Corn starch (0.6%) was used as control. Yoghurt was stored at 4oC for 21 days and the effect of starch modification on resistant starch content, viscosity, syneresis, total solids, acidity, lactic acid bacteria count and sensory properties were determined on weekly basis. Applying cassava starch rich in resistant starch into yoghurt in the proportions of 0.5% and 1% had significantly higher (p≤0.05) resistant starch content of yoghurt reaching 3.40 g/100 g and 5.58 g/100 g on day one and 1.92 g/100 g and 4.47 g/100 g on day 21, respectively. There was a significant correlation (p≤0.05) between resistant starch concentration and the physico-chemical properties of yoghurt. Yoghurt treated with 1% resistant starch enriched cassava starch had the highest viscosity during cold storage which was determined as 2721.5 mPa s, mPa s, 2650.0 mPa s and 1034.5 mPa s at day 1, day 7, day 14 and day 21 respectively and it had the least syneresis (22.25%). Addition of cassava starch rich in resistant starch significantly increased (p≤0.05) the total solids content of yoghurt but did not significantly (P>0.05) change the sensory properties of yoghurt. The application of 1% of resistant starch enriched cassava starch as yoghurt thickener produces significant quantity of resistant starch in yoghurt with acceptable sensory and physico-chemical properties.
Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic effects of Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) Seed Kernels on Male Albino Rats
Authors: Biswas Reetapa , Chattopadhyay Alok , Datta De Santa
Published: December 2017

The current investigation was planned to assess the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic efficiency of watermelon seeds on male albino rats. Eight male albino rats weighing between 105-150g were randomly selected for the present experiment and were placed into two equal groups (n=4) designated as control and treated group. The control group received normal stock diet (20% protein, 5 % fat, 60 % carbohydrate). The treated group received a modified diet (90g Stock diet excluding groundnut oil + 9g watermelon seed kernel + 1g sugar). Percentages of protein, fat and carbohydrate in the modified diet were kept same as that of the stock diet. All animals were given water ad libitum. Rats were weighed at weekly intervals. After 28 days rats were anesthetized using chloroform anesthesia and blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture and serum was obtained for evaluation of some biochemical parameters. Result showed that serum glucose, triglyceride (TG) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) of the treated group were decreased significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.05 and p < 0.05 respectively) compared to that of the control group. Liver glycogen, serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and AI (Atherogenic Index) were decreased (non-significant) whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) increased (non-significant) in the treated group.
Prevalence and Socio Demographic Determinants of Malnutrition in Rural Communities of District Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab
Authors: Khanna Poonam , Kaur Rajbir , Singh Tejinder , Miller Jill , Sandhu Amandeep , Jyoti Jyoti
Published: December 2017

Malnutrition is a global concern in developing countries. About one third of the world's malnourished children live in India.
To study the prevalence of malnutrition and its associations with socio demographic factors among under 5 children in rural areas.
A community based cross sectional study was conducted in district Fatehgarh Sahib. A census based technique was used with 573 under 5 children from nine villages of Fatehgarh Sahib District. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements.
573 children, ages 5 years and below, were enrolled for this study with 58.2% participants in upper middle and upper class, and 5.9% in lower and lower middle class. It was found that 14.14%, 15.71% and 18.85 % of the children were malnourished with respect to Weight for age (WHZ) and Height for age (HAZ) z-scores and disturbet body weight. Multivariate regression analyses of all indicators of malnutrition reflect parental education, socioeconomic status, an increase in number of children in household and children born in second or third order were some of the socio-demographic factors, which had an impact on the nutritional status of the under-five children. Significantly for stunting ( a marker of malnutrition of great concern), children from a lower caste had a 2.2 fold higher odds (OR 2.24), second or higher birth order was associated with 26% higher odds (OR 1.262), and children born to parents with lower literacy ( primary and below) had 52% and 33% higher odds for mother’s and father’s education respectively (OR 1.52 and 1.32).
The burden of under-nutrition among under-5 children has not changed significantly even after several intervention programs. Therefore, policy makers must focus on simultaneous socioeconomic development also. Additional qualitative research is needed on identifying and designing new programs or modifying existing programs with services which can be easily understood and afforded equitably by the intended beneficiaries
Physical Attributes and Modelling of Trans- Himalayan Seabuckthorn Berries
Authors: G. JAISWAL SWAPNIL , R. DOLE BHUSHAN , K. SATPATHY SANGRAM , NAIK S.N.
Published: December 2017

Seabuckthorn is a highly perishable fruit found in trans-Himalayan region and North-Eastern part of India. It has enormous nutritional and medicinal properties. Physical attributes of fruits play an important role in the design of machines to meet various harvest and post harvest operations. In the present study properties like dimensions, true density, bulk density, sphericity, porosity and angle of repose were measured and correlated with the mass of the fruit. In addition linear, polynomial, quadratic, logarithmic and exponential models were used for mass and surface area. The length, diameter, thousand berry weight, geometric mean diameter, arithmetic mean diameter, surface area, aspect ratio, angle of repose, sphericity, porosity, true density, bulk density, moisture content were found in the range of 6.5-7.5, 4.74-6.28, 362.67-910.14, 5.49-6.99, 6.17-6.24, 76.87-154.76, 72.81-83.73, 3.59-6.82, 65.84-90.47, 17.05-60.07, 647.19-1399.24, 453.81-725.88, 84.53-87.34 respectively. Polynomial model was suited to be best for mass with length and diameter. Polynomial model between surface area and geometric mean diameter gave highest R2 of 0.981.
Apontamentos de literatura fantástica nas Origines de Catão
Authors: Ferreira Paulo Sérgio Margarido
Published: December 2017

Este estudo faz uma breve apresentação das Origines de Catão; procura, com base em Tzvetan Todorov, distinguir do fantástico o maravilhoso e o estranho; considera a origem rural e etnográfica do fantástico; reflete sobre a relação entre a verosimilhança e o fantástico; e equaciona o modo como o leitor antigo e o moderno interpretam os passos catonianos de natureza fantástica, maravilhosa ou estranha.
Porque foi Páris escolhido para julgar as deusas?: a resposta do Excidium Troiae
Authors: Abrantes Miguel
Published: December 2017

O Julgamento de Páris é provavelmente um dos episódios mitológicos mais famosos da cultura ocidental. Porém, pouco sabemos sobre os contornos originais do episódio. Recorrendo ao texto do Excidium Troiae, que será apresentado de forma breve, este artigo apresentará o porquê de ter sido Páris o herói escolhido para decidir sobre a beleza das três deusas.
Notas sobre tropas auxiliares romanas no Oriente: lusitanos e dromedários
Authors: Mantas Vasco Gil
Published: December 2017

As forças auxiliares do exército imperial romano têm despertado o interesse dos investigadores e sobre elas existem numerosos estudos. Neste artigo procuramos ilustrar a presença de uma dessas forças, a Cohors I Augusta Praetoria Lusitanorum Equitata, bem documentada no Egipto, tratando igualmente do dispositivo romano na região, das funções destas unidades, ilustradas por trabalhos arqueológicos recentes, e da utilização de dromedários por algumas delas.
Consumo y percepción juvenil sobre la ficción seriada televisiva: influencia por sexo y edad
Authors: Menéndez Menéndez María Isabel , Figueras-Maz Mònica , Núñez Angulo Beatriz Fermina
Published: December 2017

Este artículo se centra en la influencia de la ficción seriada televisiva en la construcción de la identidad juvenil. Los objetivos del trabajo son conocer la dieta mediática de la juventud española sobre ficción seriada, así como la percepción que tiene sobre la influencia de dichos formatos en sus vidas. Las principales conclusiones revelan el todavía gran consumo de series de ficción televisiva entre jóvenes en nuestro país, aunque se aprecian diferencias significativas entre los gustos masculinos y femeninos y entre las distintas edades, además de la mayor percepción de influencia entre las chicas en todos los ítems cuestionados.
Medios de comunicación y religiones minoritarias en España: Judaísmo, islamismo y protestantismo
Authors: Rodrigues de Mendonça Mateus , Rodríguez-Díaz Raquel
Published: December 2017

Esta investigación aborda el tratamiento que ofrece la prensa de referencia española cuando informa de temas vinculados a confesiones religiosas como la judía, la musulmana y la protestante, presentes en la cultura española desde hace siglos, pero actualmente minoritarias como práctica religiosa.Desde una perspectiva académica de los efectos de los medios de comunicación en la opinión pública, ligados a la teoría de la agenda setting y del framing, planteamos que, tanto los temas como los enfoques de dichas confesiones que ofrece la prensa, contribuirán a la construcción de su imagen pública. El estudio contempla un análisis de contenido en los periódicos El País y ABC a lo largo de doce meses con una muestra de más de 800 noticias analizadas, que presenta diferentes resultados individuales para cada religión, más vinculados a aspectos culturales que a la identidad religiosa.
Cuidado paliativo pediátrico
Authors: Chavarro Carlos Alfonso , Triana Figueroa Lius Felipe , García Ximena
Published: December 2017

El cuidado paliativo pediátrico (CPP) es una subespecialidad emergente de la pediatría que, desde sus inicios en la década de los 90, busca mejorar la calidad de vida de pacientes que padecen enfermedades que ponen en riesgo su vida, incluyendo, por supuesto, enfermedades terminales, pero no solo estas, puesto que la atención interdisciplinaria que ofrece el CPP también beneficia a pacientes con patologías para las cuales hay tratamientos posibles con fines curativos, pero cuya probabilidad de falla es muy alta. Su principal objetivo es brindar confort a los pacientes pediátricos, así como asistencia espiritual y física mediante el alivio farmacológico y no farmacológico de síntomas, el apoyo social y el acompañamiento a sus familias. Su inclusión en el manejo integral del niño no implica la exclusión de medidas terapéuticas con objetivo curativo, por el contrario, en la mayoría de los casos puede haber un trabajo conjunto entre el equipo tratante y el equipo paliativo. Muchos grupos alrededor del mundo se han dedicado a la investigación y el desarrollo de este campo, pero, a pesar de ello, en algunos lugares del mundo hay un significativo desconocimiento de la literatura actual sobre el tema, lo cual genera una serie de barreras que, junto con los prejuicios y mitos existentes en la sociedad en general, limitan el acceso al CPP.