bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural and phylogenetic implications of the complete mitochondrial genome of Ledra auditura
Authors: Wang Jia-Jia , Li De-Fang , Li Hu , Yang Mao-Fa , Dai Ren-Huai
Published: October 2019

We sequenced and annotated the first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Ledra auditura (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae) and reconstructed phylogenetic relationships among 47 species (including 2 outgroup species) on the basis of 3 datasets using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses. The complete L. auditura mitogenome (length, 16,094 bp) comprises 37 genes [13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs], 1 control region, and 2 long non-coding regions. The first long non-coding region (length, 211 bp) is located between tRNA-I and tRNA-Q and the second region (length, 994 bp) between tRNA-S2 and ND1. All PCGs show ATN (Met/Ile) as their start codon and TAR as their stop codon. Except tRNA-S1 (AGN), which lacks the dihydrouridine arm, all tRNAs can fold into the typical cloverleaf secondary structure. The complete L. auditura mitogenome shows a base composition bias of 76.3% A + T (A = 29.9%, T = 46.4%, G = 13.3%, and C = 10.5%), negative AT skew of −0.22, and positive GC skew of 0.12. In ML and BI analyses, L. auditura was clustered with Evacanthus heimianus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae) with strong branch support.
Vibration behavior of diamondene nano-ribbon passivated by hydrogen
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhang Ranran , Shi Jiao , Cai Kun
Published: October 2019

Diamondene is a new kind of two dimensional carbon allotrope with excellent properties and passivation approaches are often used to reduce the extremely high pressure required during its fabrication. When a one-end-clamped diamondene ribbon is hydrogenated on one surface, the ribbon tends to bend and vibrate due to asymmetric layout of C-H bonds on two surfaces. In the present work, the vibration behavior, including natural curvatures and vibration frequencies of diamondene ribbons, were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. Results indicate that the natural curvature radius of a narrow diamondene ribbon is close to 12.17 nm at a temperature below 150 K, which is essential for fabricating an arc nanodevice. The first order frequency (f1) of a cantilever beam made from the ribbon follows traditional beam vibration theory if the slenderness ratio is low. In particular, f1 increases logarithmically at temperature below 50 K, but changes slightly between 50 K and 150 K. It suggests a design scheme for a nanoresonator with temperature-controlled frequency.
Serum milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shimagaki Tomonari , Yoshio Sachiyo , Kawai Hironari , Sakamoto Yuzuru , Doi Hiroyoshi , Matsuda Michitaka , Mori Taizo , Osawa Yosuke , Fukai Moto , Yoshida Takeshi , Ma Yunfei , Akita Tomoyuki , Tanaka Junko , Taketomi Akinobu , Hanayama Rikinari , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Mori Masaki , Kanto Tatsuya
Published: October 2019

Current serum hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarkers are insufficient for early diagnosis. We aimed to clarify whether serum MFG-E8 can serve as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker of HCC. Serum MFG-E8 levels of 282 HCC patients, who underwent primary hepatectomy, were examined by ELISA. We also quantified serum MFG-E8 levels in patients with chronic hepatitis (CH), liver cirrhosis (LC), as well as in healthy volunteers (HVs). Serum MFG-E8 levels were significantly lower in HCC patients than in HVs regardless of the etiology of liver disease (3.6 ± 0.1 vs 5.8 ± 0.2 ng/mL, p < 0.0001), and recovered after treatment of HCC. Serum MFG-E8 levels in CH and LC patients were comparable to those in HVs. Serum MFG-E8 could detect HCCs, even α-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative or des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP)-negative HCCs, in CH and LC patients. Our new HCC prediction model using MFG-E8 and DCP (Logit(p) = 2.619 − 0.809 × serum MFG-E8 + 0.0226 × serum DCP) distinguished HCC patients from CH and LC patients with an area under the curve of 0.923, a sensitivity of 81.1%, and a specificity of 89.8%. Futhermore, low preoperative serum MFG-E8 was an independent predictor of poor overall survival. Thus, serum MFG-E8 could serve as a feasible diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC.
Gene expression profile analysis of ileum transcriptomes in pigs fed Gelsemium elegans plants
Authors: Huang Chong-Yin , Yang Kun , Cao Jun-Jie , Li Yu-Juan , Wang Zi-Yuan , Yu Hui , Sun Zhi-Liang , Zheng Xiaofeng , Liu Zhao-Ying
Published: October 2019

Gelsemium elegans is a flowering plant in the Loganiaceae. Because it can promote the growth of pigs and sheep, it is widely used, including in veterinary clinics, but little information is available about its biological effects. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing to characterize the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the ileums of pigs between a control group and a group fed Gelsemium elegans for 45 days. We found that Gelsemium elegans affected many inflammatory and immune pathways, including biological processes such as defense responses, inflammation and immune responses. Moreover, this study identified several important genes related to the anti-inflammatory activity of Gelsemium elegans (e.g., CXCL-8, IL1A, and CSF2), which will be beneficial for further study of the pharmacological mechanisms and clinical applications of Gelsemium elegans.
Improved 18S and 28S rDNA primer sets for NGS-based parasite detection
Authors: Kounosu Asuka , Murase Kazunori , Yoshida Akemi , Maruyama Haruhiko , Kikuchi Taisei
Published: October 2019

The development and application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) have enabled comprehensive analyses of the microbial community through extensive parallel sequencing. Current analyses of the eukaryotic microbial community are primarily based on polymerase chain reaction amplification of 18S rRNA gene (rDNA) fragments. We found that widely-used 18S rDNA primers can amplify numerous stretches of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, preventing the high-throughput detection of rare eukaryotic species, particularly in bacteria-rich samples such as faecal material. In this study, we employed in silico and NGS-based analyses of faecal samples to evaluated the existing primers targeting eukaryotic 18S and 28S rDNA in terms of avoiding bacterial read contamination and improving taxonomic coverage for eukaryotes, with a particular emphasis on parasite taxa. Our findings revealed that newly selected primer sets could achieve these objectives, representing an alternative strategy for NGS.
Static magnetic field stimulation of the supplementary motor area modulates resting-state activity and motor behavior
Authors: Pineda-Pardo José A. , Obeso Ignacio , Guida Pasqualina , Dileone Michele , Strange Bryan A. , Obeso José A. , Oliviero Antonio , Foffani Guglielmo
Published: October 2019

Focal application of a strong static magnetic field over the human scalp induces measurable local changes in brain function. Whether it also induces distant effects across the brain and how these local and distant effects collectively affect motor behavior remains unclear. Here we applied transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) over the supplementary motor area (SMA) in healthy subjects. At a behavioral level, tSMS increased the time to initiate movement while decreasing errors in choice reaction-time tasks. At a functional level, tSMS increased SMA resting-state fMRI activity and bilateral functional connectivity between the SMA and both the paracentral lobule and the lateral frontotemporal cortex, including the inferior frontal gyrus. These results suggest that tSMS over the SMA can induce behavioral aftereffects associated with modulation of both local and distant functionally-connected cortical circuits involved in the control of speed-accuracy tradeoffs, thus offering a promising protocol for cognitive and clinical research.
A natural mouse model reveals genetic determinants of systemic capillary leak syndrome (Clarkson disease)
Authors: Raza Abbas , Xie Zhihui , Chan Eunice C. , Chen Wei-Sheng , Scott Linda M. , Robin Eisch A. , Krementsov Dimitry N. , Rosenberg Helene F. , Parikh Samir M. , Blankenhorn Elizabeth P. , Teuscher Cory , Druey Kirk M.
Published: October 2019

The systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS, Clarkson disease) is a disorder of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent episodes of vascular leakage of proteins and fluids into peripheral tissues, resulting in whole-body edema and hypotensive shock. The pathologic mechanisms and genetic basis for SCLS remain elusive. Here we identify an inbred mouse strain, SJL, which recapitulates cardinal features of SCLS, including susceptibility to histamine- and infection-triggered vascular leak. We named this trait “Histamine hypersensitivity” (Histh/Histh) and mapped it to Chromosome 6.Histhis syntenic to the genomic locus most strongly associated with SCLS in humans (3p25.3), revealing that the predisposition to develop vascular hyperpermeability has a strong genetic component conserved between humans and mice and providing a naturally occurring animal model for SCLS. Genetic analysis ofHisthmay reveal orthologous candidate genes that contribute not only to SCLS, but also to normal and dysregulated mechanisms underlying vascular barrier function more generally.
Biexciton in one-dimensional Mott insulators
Authors: Miyamoto T. , Kakizaki T. , Terashige T. , Hata D. , Yamakawa H. , Morimoto T. , Takamura N. , Yada H. , Takahashi Y. , Hasegawa T. , Matsuzaki H. , Tohyama T. , Okamoto H.
Published: October 2019

Mott insulators sometimes show dramatic changes in their electronic states after photoirradiation, as indicated by photoinduced Mott-insulator-to-metal transition. In the photoexcited states of Mott insulators, electron wave functions are more delocalized than in the ground state, and long-range Coulomb interactions play important roles in charge dynamics. However, their effects are difficult to discriminate experimentally. Here, we show that in a one-dimensional Mott insulator, bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene-difluorotetracyanoquinodimethane (ET-F2TCNQ), long-range Coulomb interactions stabilize not only excitons, doublon-holon bound states, but also biexcitons. By measuring terahertz-electric-field-induced reflectivity changes, we demonstrate that odd- and even-parity excitons are split off from a doublon-holon continuum. Further, spectral changes of reflectivity induced by a resonant excitation of the odd-parity exciton reveals that an exciton-biexciton transition appears just below the exciton-transition peak. Theoretical simulations show that long-range Coulomb interactions over four sites are necessary to stabilize the biexciton. Such information is indispensable for understanding the non-equilibrium dynamics of photoexcited Mott insulators.
Superradiance from lattice-confined atoms inside hollow core fibre
Authors: Okaba Shoichi , Yu Deshui , Vincetti Luca , Benabid Fetah , Katori Hidetoshi
Published: October 2019

Unravelling superradiance, also known as superfluorescence, relies on an ensemble of phase-matched dipole oscillators and the suppression of inhomogeneous broadening. Here we report a superradiance platform that combines an optical lattice free from the ac Stark shift and a hollow-core photonic crystal fibre, enabling an extended atom-light interaction over 2 mm free from the Doppler effect. This system allows control of the atom spatial distribution and spectral homogeneity whilst efficiently coupling the radiation field to an optical fibre. The experimentally-observed and theoretically-corroborated temporal, spectral and spatial dynamic behaviours of the superradiance, e.g., superradiance ringing and density-dependent frequency shift, demonstrate a unique interplay between the trapped atoms and the fibre-guided field with multiple transverse modes. Our theory indicates that the resulting temporal evolution of the guided light shows a minimal beam radius of 3.1 µm which is three times smaller than that of the lowest-loss fibre mode.
Rotating-disk sorptive extraction coupled to gas chromatography mass spectrometry for the determination of phthalates in bottled water
Authors: Manzo Valentina , Becerra-Herrera Mercedes , Arismendi Daniel , Molina-Balmaceda Alejandra , Caraballo Manuel A. , Richter Pablo
Published: October 2019

The determination of eight phthalates in plastic bottled water was carried out using rotating disk sorptive extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Synthesis and electroluminescence of novel white fluorescence quantum dots based on a Zn–Ga–S host
Authors: Zhang Wen-Jin , Pan Chun-Yang , Cao Fan , Wang Haoran , Wu Qianqian , Yang Xuyong
Published: October 2019

White-light-emitting Ag, Mn: Zn–Ga–S/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) with a gratifying photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY) of up to 90% were prepared, and shown to be ultra-stable, maintaining a high PL intensity at 300 °C or for 32 h of UV illumination.
Supramolecular self-assembled coordination architecture composed of a doubly bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazolate bridged dinuclear CuII complex and 7,7′,8,8′,-tetracyano-p-quinodimethanide radicals
Authors: Ishikawa Ryuta , Ueno Shunya , Iguchi Hiroaki , Breedlove Brian K. , Yamashita Masahiro , Kawata Satoshi
Published: October 2019

A tetranuclear CuII complex composed of a doubly bpypz− bridged dinuclear CuII complex with TCNQ˙− self-assembles into a 3D supramolecular coordination architecture via complementary weak coordination bonding and π-stacking interactions.
Strategies for computational design and discovery of two-dimensional transition-metal-free materials for electro-catalysis applications
Authors: Dong Huilong , Ji Yujin , Ding Lifeng , Li Youyong
Published: October 2019

Two novel strategies for computational design and discovery of two-dimensional transition-metal free electro-catalysts are reviewed.
Unexpected reversal of stability in strained systems containing one-electron bonds
Authors: Fantuzzi Felipe , Wolff Wania , Quitián-Lara Heidy M. , Boechat-Roberty Heloisa M. , Hilgers Gerhard , Rudek Benedikt , Nascimento Marco Antonio Chaer
Published: October 2019

One-electron ring stabilization energy (1e-RSE) drives reversal of stability in strained systems containing one-electron bonds.
Photocatalytic oxidation of glucose in water to value-added chemicals by zinc oxide-supported cobalt thioporphyrazine
Authors: Cheng Ming , Zhang Quanquan , Yang Changjun , Zhang Bingguang , Deng Kejian
Published: October 2019

Efficient photocatalytic oxidation of glucose into value-added chemicals was achieved by ZnO/CoPzS8 composite in water, the presence of CoPzS8 changed the glucose reaction pathway and glucaric acid was obtained in this photocatalytic system.
Interfacial reactions of Cu(ii) adsorption and hydrolysis driven by nano-scale confinement
Authors: Knight Andrew W. , Ilani-Kashkouli Poorandokht , Harvey Jacob A. , Greathouse Jeffery A. , Ho Tuan A. , Kabengi Nadine , Ilgen Anastasia G.
Published: October 2019

Spatial confinement of silica surfaces leads to increased polymerization of adsorbed copper(ii) species.
High-κ polymers of intrinsic microporosity: a new class of high temperature and low loss dielectrics for printed electronics
Authors: Zhang Zhongbo , Zheng Jifu , Premasiri Kasun , Kwok Man-Hin , Li Qiong , Li Ruipeng , Zhang Suobo , Litt Morton H. , Gao Xuan P. A. , Zhu Lei
Published: October 2019

For the first time, sulfonylated polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are exploited for high-κ, high-temperature, and low-loss gate dielectric applications.
Advances in nanomaterial application in enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors: a review
Authors: Kucherenko I. S. , Soldatkin O. O. , Kucherenko D. Yu. , Soldatkina O. V. , Dzyadevych S. V.
Published: October 2019

Application of nanomaterials greatly improves performance of electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors.
Phytic acid-guided ultra-thin N,P co-doped carbon coated carbon nanotubes for efficient all-pH electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Xiao Fei , Chen Zhimin , Wu Hao , Wang Ying , Cao Erping , Lu Xiaodong , Wu Yiqun , Ren Zhiyu
Published: October 2019

An ultra-thin N, P co-doped carbon (NPC) was constructed on CNT by selecting phytic acid as a “guide”. The obtained CNT@NPC performs as an efficient and robust metal-free electrocatalyst for pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction.
Nanographene oxide–TiO2 photonic films as plasmon-free substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Papadakis Dimitrios , Diamantopoulou Angeliki , Pantazopoulos Petros Andreas , Palles Dimitrios , Sakellis Elias , Boukos Nikos , Stefanou Nikolaos , Likodimos Vlassis
Published: October 2019

Nanographene oxide–TiO2 photonic crystal films are demonstrated as sensitive, recyclable SERS substrates that integrate slow-photon amplification effects with the high adsorption capacity of GO nanosheets.
2D DNA lattice arrays assembled from DNA dumbbell tiles using poly(A-T)-rich stems
Authors: Ali Mashooq , Afshan Noshin , Jiang Chuan , Zheng Hongning , Xiao Shou-Jun
Published: October 2019

Poly(A-T)-rich sequences as stems of DNA dumbbell tiles have been evidenced to be more rigid than randomly-sequenced stems for construction of single crystalline 2D lattice arrays with sub-tiles resolved by AFM in slightly acidic solutions.
Light-harvesting porphyrazines to enable intramolecular singlet fission
Authors: Medina Diana-Paola , Papadopoulos Ilias , Lavarda Giulia , Gotfredsen Henrik , Rami Parisa R. , Tykwinski Rik R. , Rodríguez-Morgade M. Salomé , Guldi Dirk M. , Torres Tomás
Published: October 2019

Quantitative intramolecular FRET from a porphyrazine to pentacene enhances singlet fission with triplet quantum yields up to 200% ± 20% in benzonitrile.
Expedient synthesis of highly substituted 3,4-dihydro-1,2-oxathiine 2,2-dioxides and 1,2-oxathiine 2,2-dioxides: revisiting sulfene additions to enaminoketones
Authors: Aiken Stuart , Anozie Kelechi , de Azevedo Orlando D. C. C. , Cowen Lewis , Edgar Ross J. L. , Gabbutt Christopher D. , Heron B. Mark , Lawrence Philippa A. , Mills Abby J. , Rice Craig R. , Urquhart Mike W. J. , Zonidis Dimitrios
Published: October 2019

The addition of sulfenes to substituted enaminoketones, followed by a facile Cope elimination, provides efficient access to a diverse series of 1,2-oxathiine 2,2-dioxides.
Single-chain tethered nanoparticles with tunable softness: scalable synthesis and unique self-assembly behavior
Authors: Huo Haohui , Tan Tianyi , Gou Lu , Chen Long , Zhang Lei , Zhang Qilu , Liu Feng
Published: October 2019

A scalable method to prepare single-chain tethered nanoparticles with tunable softness, which results in unique self-assembly behaviors.
Weak exchange coupling effects leading to fast magnetic relaxations in a trinuclear dysprosium single-molecule magnet
Authors: Meng Yin-Shan , Qiao Yu-Sen , Yang Mu-Wen , Xiong Jin , Liu Tao , Zhang Yi-Quan , Jiang Shang-Da , Wang Bing-Wu , Gao Song
Published: October 2019

In this work, we investigated the magnetic anisotropy and the influence of weak exchange interactions on the magnetic relaxations of a triangular type dysprosium single-molecule magnet.
A dual-mode nanoparticle based on natural biomaterials for photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging of bone mesenchymal stem cellsin vivo
Authors: Zhang Hua , Wang Zhen-Jun , Wang Ling-Jie , Li Ting-Ting , He Sheng , Li Li-Ping , Li Xiao-Yan , Liu Shi-Jie , Li Jian-Ding , Li Si-Jin , Zhang Rui-Ping
Published: October 2019

Stem cell imagingin vivois critical to elucidate the homing, distribution, survival, and repair mechanisms and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of engrafted stem cells.
Enhanced ultrasound imaging and anti-tumor in vivo properties of Span–polyethylene glycol with folic acid–carbon nanotube–paclitaxel multifunctional microbubbles
Authors: Zhang Jie , Song Limei , Zhou Shujing , Hu Ming , Jiao Yufeng , Teng Yang , Wang Ying , Zhang Xiangyu
Published: October 2019

With Span and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the membrane material, the as-prepared folate–carbon nanotube–paclitaxel (FA–CNT–PTX) complex was added to the reaction system under sound vibration cavitation and Span–PEG with FA–CNT–PTX microbubbles was obtained.
Constructing ZIF-8 derived C–ZnS/ZnMoO4@MoS2 and C–ZnS/MoS2 nanocomposites using a simple one-pot strategy to enhance photocatalytic degradation activity
Authors: Cui Yi-Wei , Zhang Hai-Huan , Yu Shi-Yong
Published: October 2019

C-doped ZnS/ZnMoO4@MoS2 and ZnS/MoS2 were prepared using ZIF-8 as a precursor; a simple one-pot strategy was adopted to produce the catalysts with tighter contact.
Retracted Article: Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 accelerates cell progression in cervical cancer by regulating the miR-889-3p/E2F7 axis through the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Zhou Hongmei , Guo Ruixia , Wang Chunfang
Published: October 2019

Cervical cancer (CC) is a common malignant gynecological cancer that is frequently diagnosed in women.
Adsorption–desorption behavior of carbendazim by sewage sludge-derived biochar and its possible mechanism
Authors: Ding Tengda , Huang Tuo , Wu Zhenhua , Li Wen , Guo Kexin , Li Juying
Published: October 2019

Biochar application in agricultural soil for environmental remediation has received increasing attention, however, few studies are focused on sewage sludge based biochar.
Detection of toxic choline based on Mn2O3/NiO nanomaterials by an electrochemical method
Authors: Rahman Mohammed M. , Alam M. M. , Asiri Abdullah M.
Published: October 2019

In this study, a novel in situ choline sensor was assembled by attached the binary Mn2O3/NiO nanoparticles onto glassy carbon electrode, which might be a reliable way to develop of future sensor in the field of biomedical and healthcare fields.
Electronic properties of α-graphyne on hexagonal boron nitride and α-BNyne substrates
Authors: Di Maoyun , Fu Lin , Wang Yong , Zhang Kaiyu , Xu Yongjie , Pan Hongzhe , Du Youwei , Tang Nujiang
Published: October 2019

Distinct band gaps appear in both of the heterostructures, while the linear band structure is retained in α-GY/α-BNy.
Advances in microbial production of medium-chain dicarboxylic acids for nylon materials
Authors: Li Guohui , Huang Dixuan , Sui Xue , Li Shiyun , Huang Bing , Zhang Xiaojuan , Wu Hui , Deng Yu
Published: October 2019

Medium-chain dicarboxylic acids (MDCAs) are widely used in the production of nylon materials, and among which, succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic and sebacic acids are particularly important for that purpose.
Site-averaged kinetics for catalysts on amorphous supports: an importance learning algorithm
Authors: Vandervelden Craig A. , Khan Salman A. , Scott Susannah L. , Peters Baron
Published: October 2019

We combine importance sampling and kernel regression techniques to efficiently predict site-averaged kinetics for isolated catalyst sites on amorphous supports.
Boron and nitrogen co-doped porous carbon nanofibers as metal-free electrocatalysts for highly efficient ammonia electrosynthesis
Authors: Kong Yan , Li Yan , Yang Bin , Li Zhongjian , Yao Yao , Lu Jianguo , Lei Lecheng , Wen Zhenhai , Shao Minhua , Hou Yang
Published: October 2019

A metal-free B, N co-doped porous carbon nanofiber with a synergistic effect was developed for efficient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction in basic solution.
Efficient separation of propane and propene by a hypercrosslinked polymer doped with Ag(i)
Authors: Stephenson Andrew , Li Buyi , Chen Linjiang , Clowes Rob , Briggs Michael E. , Cooper Andrew I.
Published: October 2019

A hypercrosslinked polymer doped with Ag(i) shows high selectivity toward olefins over paraffins under flowing conditions.
Zinc niobate materials: crystal structures, energy-storage capabilities and working mechanisms
Authors: Zhu Xiangzhen , Cao Haijie , Li Renjie , Fu Qingfeng , Liang Guisheng , Chen Yongjun , Luo Lijie , Lin Chunfu , Zhao Xiu Song
Published: October 2019

Two tungsten-free and niobium-rich Zn2Nb34O87 materials with excellent electrochemical reversibility are explored as better anode materials than the famous W5Nb16O55.
Recent progress in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells employing metal chalcogenides
Authors: Wang Donghao , Yin Feifei , Du Zhonglin , Han Dongni , Tang Jianguo
Published: October 2019

Metal chalcogenides play a vital role in the development of QDSCs. Here, we review recent progress on metal chalcogenide-based QDSCs in practical applications based on QD sensitizers, counter electrodes, and interface modification layers.
Functionalizing tetraphenylpyrazine with perylene diimides (PDIs) as high-performance nonfullerene acceptors
Authors: Li Gang , Yang Shufan , Liu Tao , Li Jiewei , Yang Wenbin , Luo Zhenghui , Yan Cenqi , Li Dandan , Wang Xinyu , Cui Guanwei , Yang Tao , Xu Liang , Zhan Shun-Ze , Huo Lijun , Yan He , Tang Bo
Published: October 2019

A high efficiency of 7.47% is obtained in non-fullerene OSCs using PPDI-Se as the acceptor and PDBT-T1 as the donor.
Improving Patient Safety and Patient–Provider Communication
Authors: Hurtig Richard R. , Alper Rebecca M. , Bryant Karen N. T. , Davidson Krista R. , Bilskemper Chelsea
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Many hospitalized patients experience barriers to effective patient–provider communication that can negatively impact their care. These barriers include difficulty physically accessing the nurse call system, communicating about pain and other needs, or both. For many patients, these barriers are a result of their admitting condition and not of an underlying chronic disability. Speech-language pathologists have begun to address patients' short-term communication needs with an array of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) strategies.

Method

This study used a between-groups experimental design to evaluate the impact of providing patients with AAC systems so that they could summon help and communicate with their nurses. The study examined patients' and nurses' perceptions of the patients' ability to summon help and effectively communicate with caregivers.

Results

Patients who could summon their nurses and effectively communicate—with or without AAC—had significantly more favorable perceptions than those who could not.

Conclusions

This study suggests that AAC can be successfully used in acute care settings to help patients overcome access and communication barriers. Working with other members of the health care team is essential to building a “culture of communication” in acute care settings.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9990962
Top-Down vs. Bottom-Up: A Case Series in Verbal Working Memory Treatments for Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury Deficits
Authors: Wood Teryl Jean , Wolgemuth Keith
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Individuals with traumatic brain injury may suffer chronic cognitive–linguistic deficits in areas such as verbal working memory, which impede attainment of long-term rehabilitation goals. The purpose of this study was to determine whether individual rehabilitation programs focusing on cognitive skill building of memory and attention in the verbal domain may provide comparable outcomes to traditional compensatory, mnemonics-based training approaches.

Method

Rhythmic language training is presented as a novel therapeutic tool for targeting discrete cognitive skills that may provide specific benefits for chronic traumatic brain injury symptoms that conventional therapy programs may not. Standardized testing with the California Verbal Learning Test–Second Edition (
Delis, Kramer, Kaplan, & Ober, 2000
) was used for pre- and posttest comparisons in 2 cases presented as a series. Electroencephalography was employed concurrently with behavioral testing to examine changes in working memory for each case.

Results

Posttest measurements indicated positive changes in verbal working memory occurred, but to different degrees for each participant.

Conclusion

The preliminary positive effects observed in standardized testing for the experimental method of rhythmic language training warrant further investigation for potential clinical applications.
Forum on Augmentative and Alternative Communication in Acute Care
Authors: Hurtig Richard R.
Published: October 2019

This forum provides some insights into the process of initiating a clinical service to enhance patient–provider communication. It also provides a report of a large-scale clinical trial that introduced augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) tools in an acute-care setting.
Precision testing method of five‐axis NC machine tool based on ‘S’ specimen cutting
Authors: Xu Mengying , Wang Hongjun
Published: October 2019

‘S’ specimen through its unique profile features makes it possible to fully mobilise the five‐axis linkage function in the five‐axis finishing stage. The continuous rotation direction of the rotating axis not only reflects the static error of the machine tool but also the servo system follow error, tool positioning error, profile error etc. The authors studied its influence on the accuracy of each axis of five‐axis CNC machine tool by analysing the geometrical characteristics of a S specimen and using UG's CAM environment to process ‘S’ specimen. Finally, the corresponding program forming system for S specimen machining experiments is designed by LabVIEW, and the authors used macro instruction to do NC program trigger system to collect vibration signals segmentally, so that the processing and acquisition system can be synchronised. This provides a more complete basis for the test piece cutting method to evaluate performance of machine tools.
Improved method for extracting resistive leakage current of surge protectors
Authors: Xu Wei , Sheng Feng
Published: October 2019

The resistive leakage current in surge protectors is an important indicator to characterise its aging degree. It is of great significance to accurately extract the resistive components from the total leakage current for online monitoring of the surge protectors. An improved phase‐shift current method is proposed to extract the weak resistive components. The fundamental frequency and phase‐shift angle of the total leakage current are determined by the measures of zero‐crossing detection, low‐pass filtering, and phase measurement on the leakage current. The resistive components extracted from simulation and experimental data by this improved method are analysed with FFT. The results show that the improved method can significantly improve the extraction accuracy of the fundamental and harmonic resistive components.
Das weibliche Becken aus osteopathischer Sicht
Authors: Hinkelthein Edgar , Mihajlovic Zoran
Published: October 2019

Dieser Beitrag frischt Ihre Kenntnisse zur Anatomie und Biomechanik des weiblichen Beckens auf. Sie lernen außerdem die osteopathische und geburtsheilkundliche Sicht der Osteopathie auf das Becken kennen.
Mundhygiene und Mundgesundheit im 1. Lebensjahr – Beratung der Eltern zur Prophylaxe der frühkindlichen Karies
Authors: Hertwig Dr. Juliane
Published: October 2019

Alle Kinder kommen kariesfrei zur Welt. Durch ungünstige Putz- und Ernährungsgewohnheiten kann sehr schnell die Mundgesundheit gefährdet werden. Trotz der Erfolge der zahnmedizinischen Prophylaxe im Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter sind regional bis zu 17 % der 3-Jährigen an frühkindlicher Karies in Deutschland erkrankt [1]. Bereits zur Geburt sind alle Milchzähne im Kieferknochen vorhanden, somit muss die zahnmedizinische Prophylaxe noch vor dem Durchbruch der Milchzähne im 6. Lebensmonat beginnen. Dies ist nur möglich durch eine intensive interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit von Zahnärzten, Hebammen, Kinderärzten und Gynäkologen.
Digitale Bildverarbeitung und Tiefe Neuronale Netze in der Augenheilkunde – aktuelle Trends
Authors: Bartschat Andreas , Allgeier Stephan , Bohn Sebastian , Scherr Tim , Blessing Denis , Reichert Klaus-Martin , Reischl Markus , Stachs Oliver , Koehler Bernd , Mikut Ralf
Published: October 2019

Der Einsatz von Tiefen Neuronalen Netzen (Deep Learning) eröffnet neue Möglichkeiten in der digitalen Bildverarbeitung. Auch für die Auswertung von Bilddaten in der Ophthalmologie wird diese Methode erfolgreich eingesetzt und findet weite Verbreitung. In diesem Artikel wird die methodische Vorgehensweise beim Deep Learning betrachtet und der klassischen Vorgehensweise für die Entwicklung von Methoden für die digitale Bildverarbeitung gegenübergestellt. Dabei wird auf Unterschiede eingegangen und die wichtiger werdende Rolle von Trainingsdaten für die Modellbildung erklärt. Weiterhin wird die Vorgehensweise des Transfer-Lernens (Transfer Learning) für Deep Learning am Beispiel eines Datensatzes aus der kornealen Konfokalmikroskopie vorgestellt. Dabei wird auf die Vorteile der Methode und auf Besonderheiten beim Umgang mit medizinischen Mikroskopdaten eingegangen.
Ambulante Haus- und Facharztversorgung im ländlichen Raum in Deutschland – Wie stellt sich die Versorgungssituation aus Sicht älterer Einwohner im Landkreis Oberspreewald-Lausitz dar?
Authors: Löffler Antje , Hoffmann Stephanie , Fischer Stefanie , Spallek Jacob
Published: October 2019

Ziel der Studie Die medizinische Versorgung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ist von Verteilungsproblemen geprägt. Vor allem in ländlichen Regionen droht Unterversorgung. In dieser Studie wurde untersucht, wie ältere Bewohner des Landkreises Oberspreewald-Lausitz (OSL) des Bundeslandes Brandenburg ihre derzeitige medizinische Versorgungssituation einschätzen und welche Wünsche und Bedenken sie hinsichtlich deren zukünftigen Entwicklung im Jahr 2030 haben.

Methodik In der vorliegenden Querschnitterhebung wurden 3006 Einwohner im Alter von 50–56 Jahren und von 65–71 Jahren des Landkreises OSL befragt. Ein Fragebogen mit geschlossenem und offenem Antwortformat wurde zur Erfassung der Zielstellung eingesetzt.

Ergebnisse In der vorliegenden Untersuchung äußerten sich die Einwohner des Landkreises OSL aktuell zufrieden oder sehr zufrieden mit der hausärztlichen (93,1%) und der fachärztlichen Versorgung (83,3%). Innerhalb des Landkreises zeigen sich in einigen Regionen Defizite. Im Gebiet Lauchhammer/Schwarzheide äußerten sich insbesondere zur fachärztlichen Versorgung 27,1% der Befragten unzufrieden oder sehr unzufrieden. Alternative und ergänzende Versorgungsangebote wie die Community Nurse sind akzeptierte, jedoch derzeit unterrepräsentierte Maßnahmen zur Sicherstellung der zukünftigen medizinischen Versorgung.

Schlussfolgerung Derzeit zeigen sich Bewohner des ländlichen, metropolenfernen Landkreises OSL zufrieden mit der ambulanten medizinischen Versorgung, jedoch stellen sich in einigen Regionen Defizite, insbesondere bei der zukünftigen Facharztversorgung dar. Alternative Versorgungsangebote wie Telemedizin sind seitens der Bewohner gewünschte Maßnahmen zur Ergänzung und Sicherstellung der zukünftigen medizinischen Versorgung im ländlichen Raum.
Postnatales Beckenbodentraining
Authors: Wiechers Verena
Published: October 2019

Schwangerschaft und Geburt verändern und belasten den weiblichen Körper. Frauen, die kein postnatales Rückbildungsprogramm absolvieren, klagen später oft über die Folgen, z. B. Haltungsschwäche, Rückenbeschwerden, Inkontinenz, Organabsenkungen etc. Verena Wiechers ist Dipl.-Sportwissenschaftlerin und hat für Schwangere und Mütter ein MamaWORKOUT-Konzept entwickelt. Einige Übungen seien hier exemplarisch vorgestellt.
Barringtogenol C-type Triterpenoid Saponins from the Stem Bark of Norway Maple (Acer Platanoides)
Authors: Xu Wen , Zhang Lu , Omar Raed , Liu Wei , Wei Zhengxi , Zhang Zengguang , Mu Yu , Seeram Navindra P. , Huang Xueshi , Ma Hang , Li Liya
Published: October 2019

Four new barringtogenol C-type triterpenoid saponins, namely acerplatanosides A – D (1–4), along with 22 known compounds (5–26), were isolated from the stem bark of Norway maple (Acer platanoides). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and chemical hydrolysis. This is the first report of triterpenoid saponins isolated from Norway maple. Compounds 1, 3, and 4 showed cytotoxicity against 4 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 9.4 to 39.5 µM.
Cryoablation of Lung Metastases: Review of Recent Literature and Ablation Technique
Authors: Eiken Patrick W. , Welch Brian T.
Published: October 2019

This article reviews the current indications for image-guided thermal ablation of pulmonary metastatic disease. It also summarizes data regarding the efficacy and complications of lung cryoablation and present techniques for performing lung cryoablation as informed by the recent literature.
Thermal Ablation of Metastatic Colon Cancer to the Liver
Authors: Camacho Juan C. , Petre Elena N. , Sofocleous Constantinos T.
Published: October 2019

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is responsible for approximately 10% of cancer-related deaths in the Western world. Liver metastases are frequently seen at the time of diagnosis and throughout the course of the disease. Surgical resection is often considered as it provides long-term survival; however, few patients are candidates for resection. Percutaneous ablative therapies are also used in the management of this patient population. Different thermal ablation (TA) technologies are available including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation (MWA), laser, and cryoablation. There is growing evidence about the role of interventional oncology and image-guided percutaneous ablation in the management of metastatic colorectal liver disease. This article aims to outline the technical considerations, outcomes, and rational of TA in the management of patients with CRC liver metastases, focusing on the emerging role of MWA.
Tumor de células gigantes tratado con translocación cubital y artrodesis de muñeca tras fracaso de curetaje y cementación
Authors: Oteo José Antonio , Merino Patricia
Published: October 2019

El radio distal es la tercera localización en frecuencia para los tumores de células gigantes. El curetaje de la lesión más relleno de la misma con cemento, es una de las opciones de tratamiento. La cementación tras el curetaje puede tener complicaciones y obligar a la resección de la zona dañada. Presentamos el resultado de un caso, donde se hizo resección en bloque de la zona tumoral cementada más reconstrucción del área con translocación del cúbito y artrodesis de la muñeca. Es una técnica sencilla en la que se pierde movilidad, pero que consigue excelentes resultados clínicos y funcionales en mano y antebrazo.
Underlying Characteristics and Outcome of Extensively Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection and Colonization in a Saudi Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Alsubaie Sarah , Anwar Zahid , Alhadidi Mohamed , Alsaadi Boshra , Alsaadi Muslim
Published: October 2019

Extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDRAB) is a rapidly emerging pathogen causing threat to health care settings. The resultant morbidity and mortality rates are high due to limited therapeutic options. The present study demonstrates the characteristics of neonates, infected or colonized with XDRAB, antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolates, and neonatal outcomes. This retrospective study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Dallah hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period January 2015 to December 2017. All neonates with positive XDRAB cultures from any location in the body were included, infected and colonized cases were compared. XDRAB was isolated from 16 neonates. Seventy-five percent of the affected neonates were preterm, with a median gestational age and birth weight of 32.5 weeks and 1,675 g, respectively. The median time to XDRAB infection/colonization for all cases was 14 days. Seventy-five percent of the cases had central venous catheters and 50 percent had surgery/procedure performed during stay in NICU. Half of the affected neonates had underlying congenital anomalies and chronic medical conditions. Fourteen affected neonates (87%) received prior courses of cefotaxime. In 15 of 16 cases, XDRAB infection manifested clinically as late-onset sepsis with bacteremia and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). XDRAB isolates were resistant to all β-lactams and carbapenems. Resistance rate to other antibiotics was 93% for gentamicin and 50% for ciprofloxacin. All XDRAB isolates were susceptible to colistin. Seventy-five percent of the infected neonates died due to XDRAB sepsis, while 37% of the colonized group died of other underlying diseases. Fifty percent of the infected neonates died within 4 days of XDRAB infection. Prematurity, low birth weight, the use of vascular devices, and prior use of cefotaxime played a major role in XDRAB infection/colonization in our unit. It is crucial to consider early start of colistin, either alone or in combination therapy, especially for the neonates at high risk, for example, those with certain underlying chronic conditions who manifest with late-onset sepsis and/or VAP.
Prediction of ultra-short-term wind power based on BBO-KELM method
Authors: Li Jun , Li Meng
Published: October 2019

For ultrashort-term wind power prediction, an optimized extreme learning machine method based on biogeography-based optimization (BBO-KELM) is proposed. The kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) method only uses the kernel function to represent the unknown nonlinear feature map of the hidden layer and does not need to select the number of nodes of the hidden layer. Meanwhile, the output weight of the network is calculated by the regularized least squares algorithm. The BBO algorithm, which is a new evolutionary algorithm (EA) motivated by biogeography, which is the study of the distribution of biological species through time and space, is efficient in solving high dimensional, multiobjective optimization problems. In this paper, the KELM method is optimized using the BBO algorithm to optimize the selection of input variable sets, the parameters of the kernel function, and the Tikhonov regularization coefficient, so as to further improve the learning performance of the KELM method. To verify the effectiveness of the BBO-KELM method proposed in this paper, the BBO-KELM method is applied to ultrashort-term wind power prediction research in different regions and is compared with benchmark methods such as persistence, neural networks, support vector machine, extreme learning machine (ELM), and other optimized ELM (O-ELM) or KELM (O-KELM) methods such as BBO-ELM, particle swarm optimization (PSO)-ELM, differential evolution-KELM, simulated annealing-KELM, and PSO-KELM, under the same conditions. Experimental results show that the BBO-KELM methods with cosine migration can give better prediction accuracy; in addition, in the proposed method, the parameters of the kernel function do not need to be selected by trial-and-error and the relevant input variables can be automatically selected, improving the generalization capability.
Internal resonance between the extensional and flexural modes in micromechanical resonators
Authors: Zhang Tianyi , Guo Chaowei , Jiang Zhuangde , Wei Xueyong
Published: October 2019

Internal resonance between different vibration modes in micromechanical devices has been widely studied due to its promising application prospects in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators and oscillators. In this paper, we investigated the 2:1 internal resonance between the extensional and flexural modes in a micromechanical cantilever beam resonator using open and closed loop testing methods. In the open loop test, energy transfer from the extensional mode to the flexural mode induced by internal resonance is directly observed. Amplitude saturation and internal resonance bandwidth change in the extensional mode are experimentally studied and theoretically verified with numerical simulation. In the closed loop system, internal resonance produces a bistable self-oscillation frequency. The oscillation frequency of the extensional mode will be locked to one of the two peaks induced by internal resonance. In addition, obvious improvement in short-term frequency stability of the closed loop system is observed with the help of internal resonance. The dynamic characteristics studied in this research can be potentially used to enhance the performance of MEMS vibration devices by internal resonance.
Time resolved transient circular dichroism spectroscopy using synchrotron natural polarization
Authors: Auvray François , Dennetiere David , Giuliani Alexandre , Jamme Frédéric , Wien Frank , Nay Bastien , Zirah Séverine , Polack François , Menneglier Claude , Lagarde Bruno , Hirst Jonathan D. , Réfrégiers Matthieu
Published: October 2019

Ultraviolet (UV) synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) spectroscopy has made an important contribution to the determination and understanding of the structure of bio-molecules. In this paper, we report an innovative approach that we term time-resolved SRCD (tr-SRCD), which overcomes the limitations of current broadband UV SRCD setups. This technique allows accessing ultrafast time scales (down to nanoseconds), previously measurable only by other methods, such as infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), fluorescence and absorbance spectroscopies, and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The tr-SRCD setup takes advantage of the natural polarization of the synchrotron radiation emitted by a bending magnet to record broadband UV CD faster than any current SRCD setup, improving the acquisition speed from 10 mHz to 130 Hz and the accessible temporal resolution by several orders of magnitude. We illustrate the new approach by following the isomer concentration changes of an azopeptide after a photoisomerization. This breakthrough in SRCD spectroscopy opens up a wide range of potential applications to the detailed characterization of biological processes, such as protein folding and protein-ligand binding.
Transition of flow field of acoustically levitated droplets with evaporation
Authors: Sasaki Y. , Kobayashi K. , Hasegawa K. , Kaneko A. , Abe Y.
Published: October 2019

We investigated the multidimensional velocity field of acoustically levitated droplets using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry. To clarify the correlation between evaporation behavior and internal and external flows, binary droplets of ethanol and water were used as test fluids. Immediately following droplet levitation, toroidal vortices were generated in the droplet; however, the internal flow transitioned to uniaxial rotational flow as the ethanol component evaporated. In the external flow field, initially, the flow direction was distant from the top and bottom of the droplet with circulating vortices near the droplet surface. As evaporation progressed, the external flow direction transitioned to the opposite direction as the circulation vortices expanded. To investigate the driving force of the uniaxial rotation of the levitated droplet, we simulated the internal flow of the rotating droplet. The simulation and experimental results were in good agreement relative to the order and distribution profile of the flow velocity. Based on these results, we consider the transition mechanism of internal and external flow structures of acoustically levitated droplets with evaporation. Our experimental and simulation results provide deeper physical insights into noncontact fluid manipulation and indicate potential future applications.
Chip uses microfluidics to detect circulating breast cancer exosomes from blood
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: October 2019

New approach shows strong performance in isolating EpCAM-positive exosomes in nearly one-third the time of conventional ultracentrifugation.
Multidimensional velocity fields highlight toroidal forces in acoustically levitated droplets
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: October 2019

New three-dimensional measurement system characterizes internal and external flows of binary ethanol-water droplets.