bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Controlling evaporation in a sugar factory – prevention of color formation
Authors: Bruhns Martin , Klosterhalfen Wolfgang
Published: December 2019

The formation of color during evaporation is influenced by the operation of juice purification, by the laws of physics and chemistry, the design and layout and by the operation of the evaporator station. The influence of the residence time, the residence time distribution, pH value and the temperatures is shown. In a short overview the influence of the juice constituents are explained. Some positive and negative experiences from the operation of the evaporator station are reported and their influence on the formation of color is discussed. By using a short checklist for troubleshooting in the case of color formation during evaporation examples of good practice during the beet processing steps are explained.
Preparation of glyco-gold nanoparticles carrying synthetic mycobacterial hexaarabinofuranoside and their evaluation in vivo
Authors: Burygin Gennady L , Abronina Polina I , Podvalnyy Nikita M , Staroverov Sergey A , Kononov Leonid O , Dykman Lev A
Published: December 2019

Some bacterial glycans are specific markers for detection and serological identification of microorganisms and are widely used as antigenic components of vaccines. The use of gold nanoparticles as carriers for glyco-epitopes is becoming an important alternative to the traditional conjugation with proteins and synthetic polymers. In this study, we aimed at preparation and evaluation in vivo of glyco-gold nanoparticles (glyco-GNPs) bearing the terminal branched hexaarabinofuranoside fragment (Ara6) of arabinan domains of lipoarabinomannan and arabinogalactan, which are principal polysaccharides of the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. Specifically, we were interested in checking if the antibodies generated against Ara6-GNPs would recognize the natural saccharides on the cell surface of different mycobacterial strains. Two synthetic Ara6 glycosides with amino-functionalized spacer aglycons differing in length and hydrophilicity were directly conjugated with spherical gold nanoparticles (d = 15 nm) to give two sets of glyco-GNPs which were used for immunization of rabbits. Dot assay revealed cross-reactions for the two obtained antisera with the hexaarabinofuranoside with 2-aminoethyl aglycon used for the preparation of glyco-GNPs. Both antisera contained high titers of antibodies specific for Mycobacteria as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using M. bovis and M. smegmatis cells as antigens while gave a weak response with M. phlei cells and no interaction with E. coli cells. The results obtained suggest that glyco-GNPs are promising agents for generation of anti-mycobacterial antibodies.
USING EXTREME VALUE THEORY TO IDENTIFY RAILCAR ASYMMETRIC WHEEL WEAR AND ITS BENEFIT ANALYSIS
Authors: Cui Yu , He Qing , Zhang Zhenhua , Li Zhiguo
Published: December 2019

Railcar asymmetric wheel wear leads to severe wear on one wheel but mild wear on the other wheel. The consequences of the asymmetric wheel include accelerated wear, mechanical failure and downtime, and high financial penalties. Therefore, identifying the asymmetric wheel wear is critical not only for cost effective maintenance but also for safe operations. Fortunately, the increasing amount of various wayside detectors is instrumented along the railway that can monitor the health of railcar components and log plenty of detailed information about railroad operations. One can use this information to identify the asymmetric wheel wear in the early stage. However, most elliptically contoured distributions are effective in describing normal events but not in dealing with the outliers, which mainly locate in the tails of the distribution. Asymmetric wheel wear requires effective anomaly detection that mainly focuses on the extreme values in the tail of a right-skewed distribution. In this paper, we employ the Extreme Value Theory (EVT), which handles the unusually high or low data in the distribution, to derive an extreme value score to identify asymmetric wheel wear. Experiment results show that identification of asymmetric wheel wear can generate huge monetary benefit in terms of reducing average maintenance times of railcars.
An Updated Visual Orbit of the Directly Imaged Exoplanet 51 Eridani b and Prospects for a Dynamical Mass Measurement with Gaia
Authors: Rosa Robert J. De , Nielsen Eric L. , Wang Jason J. , Ammons S. Mark , Duchêne Gaspard , Macintosh Bruce , Rameau Julien , Bailey Vanessa P. , Barman Travis , Bulger Joanna , Chilcote Jeffrey , Cotten Tara , Doyon Rene , Esposito Thomas M. , Fitzgerald Michael P. , Follette Katherine B. , Gerard Benjamin L. , Goodsell Stephen J. , Graham James R. , Greenbaum Alexandra Z. , Hibon Pascale , Hom Justin , Hung Li-Wei , Ingraham Patrick , Kalas Paul , Konopacky Quinn , Larkin James E. , Maire Jérôme , Marchis Franck , Marley Mark S. , Marois Christian , Metchev Stanimir , Millar-Blanchaer Maxwell A. , Oppenheimer Rebecca , Palmer David , Patience Jennifer , Perrin Marshall , Poyneer Lisa , Pueyo Laurent , Rajan Abhijith , Rantakyrö Fredrik T. , Ren Bin , Ruffio Jean-Baptiste , Savransky Dmitry , Schneider Adam C. , Sivaramakrishnan Anand , Song Inseok , Soummer Remi , Tallis Melisa , Thomas Sandrine , Wallace J. Kent , Ward-Duong Kimberly , Wiktorowicz Sloane , Wolff Schuyler
Published: December 2019

We present a revision to the visual orbit of the young, directly imaged exoplanet 51 Eridani b using four years of observations with the Gemini Planet Imager. The relative astrometry is consistent with an eccentric (

) orbit at an intermediate inclination (

°), although circular orbits cannot be excluded due to the complex shape of the multidimensional posterior distribution. We find a semimajor axis of

au and a period of

yr, assuming a mass of 1.75

for the host star. We find consistent values with a recent analysis of VLT/SPHERE data covering a similar baseline. We investigate the potential of using the absolute astrometry of the host star to obtain a dynamical mass constraint for the planet. The astrometric acceleration of 51 Eri derived from a comparison of the Hipparcos and Gaia catalogs was found to be inconsistent at the 2σ–3σ level with the predicted reflex motion induced by the orbiting planet. Potential sources of this inconsistency include a combination of random and systematic errors between the two astrometric catalogs and the signature of an additional companion within the system interior to current detection limits. We also explored the potential of using Gaia astrometry alone for a dynamical mass measurement of the planet by simulating Gaia measurements of the motion of the photocenter of the system over the course of the extended 8 yr mission. We find that such a measurement is only possible (>98% probability) given the most optimistic predictions for the Gaia scan astrometric uncertainties for bright stars and a high mass for the planet (≳3.6 M
Jup).
The Pre-He White Dwarf in the Post-mass Transfer Binary EL CVn
Authors: Wang 王 Luqian 璐茜 , Gies Douglas R. , Lester Kathryn V. , Guo Zhao , Matson Rachel A. , Peters Geraldine J. , Dhillon Vik S. , Butterley Tim , Littlefair Stuart P. , Wilson Richard W. , Maxted Pierre F. L.
Published: December 2019

EL CVn is the prototype of a class of eclipsing binaries that consist of an A- or F-type main-sequence star and a hot, low-mass, pre-He white dwarf (pre-He WD), the stripped down remains of the former mass donor. Here we present the first direct detection and characterization of the spectrum of the pre-He WD in EL CVn that was made possible through far-UV spectroscopy with the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph. These spectra straddle the wavelength range where flux dominance shifts from the pre-He WD to the A star. Radial velocities of both components were measured from the far-UV spectra and new optical spectra from the Apache Point Observatory Astrophysical Research Consortium Echelle Spectrograph. We also obtained fast cadence photometry of the eclipses with the pt5m telescope at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory. A combined analysis of the velocities and light curve yields the component masses and radii. We applied a Doppler tomography algorithm to reconstruct the individual spectra, and we compared these to models to estimate the effective temperatures. The pre-He WD has low mass (0.176 ± 0.004 M
⊙), is small (0.284 ± 0.003 R
⊙), and is relatively hot (11,800 ± 400 K), and these parameters are approximately consistent with predictions for a star stripped through stable mass transfer. The spectral lines of the pre-He WD show that its atmosphere is H-rich, He-depleted, and metal-poor, probably as the result of elemental diffusion that has occurred since mass transfer ceased.
Probing Coronal Magnetic Fields with Sungrazing Comets: H i Lyα from Pickup Ions
Authors: Raymond J. C. , Giordano S.
Published: December 2019

Observations of sungrazing comets can be used to probe the solar corona, to study the composition of the comets, and to investigate the plasma processes that govern the interaction between the coronal plasma and cometary gas. UVCS observations of the intensities and line profiles of H i Lyα trace the density, temperature, and outflow speed of the corona. Analysis of H i Lyα observations of comet C/2002 S2 showed a surprising split in the comet’s Lyα tail and an asymmetry of redshifted and blueshifted emission across the tail axis. It was suggested that the velocity structure might result from a population of neutrals produced by charge transfer between pickup ions and cometary neutrals. Here we present numerical simulations of the H i Lyα intensity and velocity centroid for sungrazing comets under the assumptions that the magnetic field and solar wind are radial. The models qualitatively reproduce the observations of Comet C/2002 S2 and potentially explain the split tail morphology that was seen in C/2002 S2 and also C/2001 C2. They also match the observed red- and blueshifts, though the solar wind velocity needed to explain the blueshift implies strong Doppler dimming and requires a higher outgassing rate to match the light curve. However, the models do not match the observations in detail, and we discuss the remaining discrepancies and the uncertainties in the model. We briefly discuss the implications for other UVCS comet observations and sungrazing comet observations with the Metis coronagraph.
Detecting the 21 cm Signal from the Epoch of Reionization Using Drift Scans: Correlation of Time-ordered Visibilities
Authors: Patwa Akash Kumar , Sethi Shiv
Published: December 2019

We present a formalism to extract the H i power spectrum from the epoch of reionization for drift scans using radio interferometers. Our main aim is to determine the coherence timescale of time-ordered visibilities. We compute the two-point correlation function of the H i visibilities measured at different times to address this question. We determine, for a given baseline, the decorrelation of the amplitude and the phase of this complex function. Our analysis uses primary beams of four ongoing and future interferometers—Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization, Murchison Widefield Array, Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array, and Square Kilometre Array (SKA1-Low). We identify physical processes responsible for the decorrelation of the H i signal and isolate their impact by making suitable analytic approximations. The decorrelation timescale of the amplitude of the correlation function lies in the range of 2–20 minutes for baselines of interest for the extraction of the H i signal. The phase of the correlation function can be made small after scaling out an appropriate term, which also causes the coherence timescale of the phase to be longer than the amplitude of the correlation function. We find that our results are insensitive to the input H i power spectrum, and therefore, they are directly applicable to the analysis of the drift scan data. We also apply our formalism to a set of point sources and statistically homogeneous diffuse correlated foregrounds. We find that point sources decorrelate on a timescale much shorter than the H i signal. This provides a novel mechanism to partially mitigate the foregrounds in a drift scan.
Multispacecraft Observation of Unidirectional and Bidirectional Alfvén Waves within Large-scale Magnetic Clouds
Authors: Wang Zehao , Feng Xueshang , Zheng Jianchuan
Published: December 2019

Recent years have seen growing evidence of the existence of Alfvén waves within interplanetary magnetic flux ropes, which are believed to be an important aspect of dynamics connecting the Sun and the heliosphere. Previous studies, due to localized observation by single spacecraft, focused on sunward or antisunward Alfvén waves propagating along with magnetic field lines. In this Letter, for the first time, we use multispacecraft observations to verify and analyze two large-scale magnetic clouds (MCs), when the spacecraft had quite different spatial separations. What surprises us is that not only unidirectional but bidirectional Alfvén waves exist in the large-scale MC, which is rooted to the Sun. We speculate that unidirectional Alfvén waves within an MC are generated by distortions produced within a preexisting flux rope, and bidirectional Alfvén waves are emitted from the center of reconnection and then travel outward along with two loop legs of an MC.
Review of the millipede genus Orthomorpha Bollman, 1893 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) in Vietnam, with several new records and descriptions of two new species
Authors: Likhitrakarn Natdanai , Golovatch Sergei I. , Semenyuk Irina , Efeykin Boris D. , Panha Somsak
Published: December 2019

The genus Orthomorpha is shown to currently be represented in Vietnam by ten species or varieties, including new records of O. arboricola (Attems, 1937), O. coarctata (de Saussure, 1860), O. rotundicollis (Attems, 1937) and O. scabra Jeekel, 1964, and two new species, O. caramelsp. nov. and O. vietnamicasp. nov. A key to all eight Orthomorpha species and two varieties known to occur in Vietnam is provided. Although the morphological characters that have been traditionally used for Orthomorpha taxonomy are here considered superior to molecular ones, molecular-based phylogenetic relationships and taxon assignments within the tribe Orthomorphini are provisionally analyzed using fragments of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial gene. The preferred phylograms, both rooted and unrooted, demonstrate the monophyly of the tribe Orthomorphini, but due to the special, uncertain or even controversial position of O. coarctata, which occurs closer to the genera Antheromorpha and Hylomus, the genus Orthomorpha in current usage appears to be polyphyletic. However, if O. coarctata is to be treated within the monotypic genus Asiomorpha, the monophyly of Orthomorpha becomes manifest. On the other hand, a cautious approach is followed to avoid descriptions of suspicious new taxa/species. Thus, solely because the average genetic distance between O. rodundicollis subrotundicollisvar. nov. and O. rodundicollis, as well as that between O. scabra grandisvar. nov. and O. scabra, are both found to be negligibly small, the statuses of the sympatric and closest yet morphologically different varieties are treated only as such, i.e., infrasubspecific categories. The apparent discord observed between morphological and molecular data is obviously due to only partial and single-gene topologies used, possibly also to hybridization already known to occur in some closely related and sympatric paradoxosomatid species or even genera.
Internet rattrapé par le droit
Authors: Grange Maryline
Published: December 2019

À l’origine, Internet apparaissait comme un nouvel espace de liberté. Dépourvu de frontières, il semblait pouvoir s’affranchir du contrôle des autorités étatiques. Toutefois, des dérives et des atteintes à la sécurité ont poussé les États à affirmer leur souveraineté sur le cyberespace. Ce dernier a progressivement été rattrapé par le droit. Toutefois, cette évolution ne se fait pas sans résistance et révèle de fortes tensions entre les États eux-mêmes et entre les secteurs public et privé.
Paris/Berlin : de l’histoire à la durée ?
Authors: David Dominique
Published: December 2019

Le « couple franco-allemand » a historiquement légitimé la construction européenne, puis celle de l’Europe issue de l’effondrement bipolaire. Les images croisées de l’autre et les affirmations nationales suscitent aujourd’hui entre Paris et Berlin d’innombrables divergences. Mais dans le contexte de l’émergence des nouvelles puissances, du retrait américain, du Brexit, le binôme franco-allemand reste attendu et nécessaire pour définir la place des Européens dans un nouveau monde.
L’Afrique du Sud, un modèle démocratique fragilisé ?
Authors: Magnani Victor
Published: December 2019

Les élections générales sud-africaines ont eu lieu en mai 2019. Le Congrès national africain (ANC) est sorti vainqueur, sans réunir toutefois la majorité des électeurs inscrits. Cyril Ramaphosa, devenu président à la suite de la démission de Jacob Zuma en 2018, a été reconduit à son poste. Si l’Afrique du Sud a réussi sa transition démocratique après l’apartheid, des facteurs de fragilité suscitent des inquiétudes. On peut s’interroger sur la capacité de l’ANC à relever les défis du pays.
Qui a tué Dag Hammarskjöld ? Sisyphe à New York
Authors: Vaïsse Maurice
Published: December 2019

En pleine crise du Katanga, le secrétaire général de l’ONU Dag Hammarskjöld trouve la mort dans un accident d’avion en septembre 1961. On rend ici compte d’une enquête menée dans les archives sur une éventuelle implication de responsables ou de services français. Rien ne semble la prouver. De même, le rapport rendu au secrétaire général de l’ONU en 2019 ne permet pas de conclure à l’assassinat, même si une conclusion définitive n’est pas possible, l’ensemble des hypothèses demeurant donc ouvert.
L’idée de nature humaine dans les Essais
Authors: de Lajarte Philippe
Published: December 2019

De même que l’idée de nature est au centre de la pensée de Montaigne, suivre la nature est l’un des préceptes fondamentaux de son éthique. Précepte on ne peut plus problématique, cependant, car tout atteste, dans le mode de pensée comme dans le comportement des hommes, que, chez eux, la coutume, construction arbitraire de leur esprit, s’est, à leur grand dommage, substituée à la nature. Il semble cependant que celle-ci ne soit pas totalement perdue, sa voix se faisant encore entendre, aux deux extrémités de l’échelle civilisationnelle, d’une part chez les habitants des campagnes et chez les peuples du Nouveau Continent, d’autre part chez certains grands esprits comme Socrate. Ces êtres sont la preuve vivante qu’aux problèmes que l’existence pose aux hommes, la nature apporte des solutions à la fois plus simples et plus efficaces que ne sont celles issues des constructions de leur esprit.
Ethical Dilemmas in Nursing: The Role of the Nurse and Perceptions of Autonomy
Authors: Pinch Winifred J
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

This study investigated decision making in ethical dilemmas and attitudes toward professional autonomy. It was based on Murphy's identification of three nurse-patient relationship models. The model identification was the result of Murphy's investigation of the levels of moral reasoning of nurse practitioners, from Kohlbergs theory of moral development. Autonomy is necessary for patient advocacyin Murphy's highest order model of nurse-patient relationship. 109 freshmen, 103 seniors, and 82 graduates (baccalaureate nursing) were examined for model selection, risk-taking, restrictions, and anxiety in the decisionmaking process in specific situations. Autonomy was measured independently. The most significant results indicated that freshmen were less likely to select the autonomous model of relationship, had lower attitudes toward professional nursing autonomy, and were less willing to take risks. Graduates were lower than either student group in their perceptions of restrictions and anxiety. The responses to each dilemma itself varied by situation in relation to the model preferred.
Clastos con calcimicrobios y arqueociatos procedentes de depósitos marinos del talud de la Formación cámbrica del Monte Wegener, Coats Land, Cordillera de Shackleton Antártida
Authors: Rodríguez-Martínez M. , Perejón A. , Moreno-Eiris E. , Menéndez S. , Buggisch W.
Published: December 2019

Los clastos carbonatados de la Formación del Monte Wegener proporcionan evidencias sedimentológicas, diagenéticas y paleontológicas de la destrucción y resedimentación de un registro carbonatadoo cámbrico oculto/no conocido en aguas someras de la región de Coats Land en la Antártida. Este mosaico incompleto podría jugar un papel clave en las comparaciones y correlaciones bioestratigráficas entre el registro cámbrico de las Montañas Transantárticas, el bloque Ellsworth-Whitmore y la Península Antártica del continente antártico. Además, representa un registro clave en las futuras reconstrucciones paleobiogeográficas de Gondwana meridional basadas en asociaciones de arqueociatos.
Análisis de sistemas de valoración de la sostenibilidad en la edificación en relación con la norma CEN/TC 350
Authors: Huedo Dorda P. , López-Mesa B. , Mulet E.
Published: December 2019

En el sector de la construcción se han desarrollado numerosos sistemas de calificación de sostenibilidad. En este documento distinguimos entre aquellos que pretenden que las empresas que luchan por mejorar su sostenibilidad obtengan una base objetiva para comunicar sus esfuerzos, como LEED, y aquellos que evalúan el impacto medioambiental de los productos durante el ciclo de vida, como ATHENA Impact Estimador. Denominamos a los primeros, sistemas de evaluación basada en el esfuerzo y a los segundos, sistemas de evaluación basada en datos. Este trabajo revisa el estado del arte de estos sistemas y evalúa su efectividad comparando los indicadores utilizados con los estándares establecidos por el the Technical Committee (TC) 350 of the European Committee for standardization (CEN). Observamos que un 62% de los indicadores sociales y económicos propuestos por el CEN/TC 350 no son considerados por los sistemas de evaluación basados en datos mientras que los sistemas de evaluación basados en el esfuerzo tienen en cuenta aproximadamente la mitad de estos indicadores.
La construcción del Capitolio de La Habana
Authors: Mestre Martí M. , Jiménez Vicario P. M. , Ródenas-López M. A.
Published: December 2019

Este año (2019), la Oficina del Historiador de la Ciudad de La Habana ha finalizado la restauración del Capitolio Nacional de Cuba. Este artículo describe los métodos constructivos utilizados en su ejecución, entre 1926 y 1929, poniendo énfasis en las proezas que lograron finalizar la obra en un plazo de ejecución brevísimo para las condiciones y técnicas del momento: tan solo tres años. Ello ha sido posible gracias a un proyecto de cooperación internacional subvencionado por la Universidad de Alicante, que permitió varias estancias de investigación allí. Se consultaron las pocas publicaciones históricas que existen en los archivos cubanos, así como los escritos y planos originales del Capitolio, realizados a mano, y se realizaron múltiples visitas in situ, para elaborar un análisis del estado de conservación de la obra y del método constructivo empleado, que ha permitido conocer y valorar mejor la obra y facilitar el proceso de intervención arquitectónica.
Artificial Techniques for Language Disorders
Authors: Gkeka Eugenia , Agorastou Eleni , Drigas Athanasios
Published: December 2019

This review focuses on artificial techniques which include the artificial intelligent techniques and applications, the robot technology and the serious games supporting the procedure of learning and teaching of language disorders and deficits as well the evolution of speech. Especially, the written language, the oral language and the phoneme pronunciations, the communication and consequently the social interaction are benefited and are assisted by these achievements of technology.
Proposal for Pervasive Elderly Care
Authors: Huttunen Hanna-Leena , Halonen Raija , Klakegg Simon
Published: December 2019

This chapter reports how interaction between family members and caregivers as perceived by family members could be improved via context-aware, imperceptible internet of things (IoT)-based solutions. The qualitative study focused on investigating experiences of the family members and the communication between caretakers in sheltered accommodation. Interviews including both open and closed questions revealed that there is high need for improving the communication, adding to the sparse earlier knowledge. The study revealed that the family members were willing to adopt an application to improve the communication that currently was experienced as too limited and vague. The results provide a fruitful base for further actions to improve communication between family members and professional caretakers.
Intelligent Mental Health Analyzer by Biofeedback
Authors: Rastogi Rohit , Chaturvedi Devendra Kumar , Gupta Mayank , Singhal Parul
Published: December 2019

Many apps and analyzers based on machine learning have been designed to help and cure the stress issue. The chapter is based on an experimental research work that the authors performed at Research Labs and Scientific Spirituality Centers of Dev Sanskriti VishwaVidyalaya, Haridwar and Patanjali Research Foundations, Uttarakhand. In the research work, the correctness and accuracy have been studied and compared for two biofeedback devices named as electromyography (EMG) and galvanic skin response (GSR), which can operate in three modes—audio, visual, and audio-visual—with the help of data set of tension type headache (TTH) patients. The authors have realized by their research work that these days people have lot of stress in their lives, so they planned to make an effort for reducing the stress level of people by their technical knowledge of computer science. In the chapter, they have a website that contains a closed set of questionnaires from SF-36, which have some weight associated with each question.
Scaling Up Telemedicine Initiatives
Authors: Otto Lena , Whitehouse Diane , Schlieter Hannes
Published: December 2019

Telemedicine maturity models aim to support telemedicine scaling up. Even though a diversity of telemedicine maturity models, and further support tools, exist, they are often unable to support users proactively or offer substantial guidance for the improvement of the status quo. A new maturity model is therefore needed that overcomes the shortcomings evident in existing approaches. This chapter aims to identify requirements that such a model has to fulfil based on an analysis of existing maturity models. The results guide future research and can support the scaling up of telemedicine initiatives.
3D Printing in Healthcare
Authors: Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: December 2019

3D printing has developed as a modification of an old injection printer. Today, it is rapidly expanding offering novel possibilities as well as new exciting applications for various sectors including healthcare, automotive, aerospace, and defense industries. This chapter presents key application areas within the healthcare sector. In medicine, 3D printing is revolutionizing the way operations are carried out, disrupting prosthesis and implant markets as well as dentistry. The relatively new field of bioprinting has come to be because of advances with this technology. As will be discussed, numerous applications of 3D printing in healthcare relate to personalized medicine. For instance, implants or prostheses are 3D printed for a specific user's body, optimizing the technology to work for an individual, not an average user as with most mass-produced products. In addition, 3D printing has applications on the nanoscale with printing of drugs and other smaller items. Hence, 3D printing represents a disruptive technology for healthcare delivery.
A Theoretical Framework for Research on Readmission Risk Prediction
Authors: Eigner Isabella , Bodendorf Freimut , Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: December 2019

On the one hand, predictive analytics is an important field of research in information systems; however, research on predictive analytics in healthcare is still scarce in IS literature. One area where predictive analytics can be of great benefit is with regard to unplanned readmissions. While a number of studies on readmission prediction already exists in related research areas, there are few guidelines to date on how to conduct such analytics projects. To address this gap the chapter presents the general process to develop empirical models by Shmueli and Koppius and extends this to the specific requirements of readmission risk prediction. Based on a systematic literature review, the resulting process defines important aspects of readmission prediction. It also structures relevant questions and tasks that need to be taken care of in this context. This extension of the guidelines by Shmueli and Koppius provides a best practice as well as a template that can be used in future studies on readmission risk prediction, thus allowing for more comparable results across various research fields.
Using Intelligent Tools to Support Clinical Decision Making
Authors: Wickramasinghe Nilmini , Schaffer Jonathan L
Published: December 2019

Intelligent tools and collaborative systems can be used in healthcare contexts to support clinical decision making. Such an approach is concerned with identifying the way in which information is gathered and decisions are made along specific care pathways. This study develops a real-time collaborative system using an intelligent risk detection model (IRD) to improve decision efficiency in the clinical case of patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty. The benefits of adopting this improved clinical decision-making solution include increasing awareness, supporting communication, improving the decision making process for patients and caregivers while also improving information sharing between surgeons as key collaborative parties in the research case. This in turn leads to higher levels of patient and clinical satisfaction and better clinical outcomes.
Exploring Potential Therapeutic Properties of Camel Milk
Authors: Alhaj Omar Amin
Published: December 2019

This chapter highlights the potential health benefits of camel milk including antioxidant, anti-cancer activity, antihypertensive properties, antidiabetic activity, antimicrobial activity, hypoallergenicity activity, and anti-Crohn's disease. In addition to the most recent identified functional properties of camel milk. The bioactivity of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), D and L amino acid, as well as oligosaccharide in camel milk will be also discussed. The proposed mechanisms behind these properties and potential health benefits are explained. This chapter also describes composition and nutritive value of camel milk and their association to functional properties. The current available information in the literature on camel milk is covered too.
Health-Improving and Disease-Preventing Potential of Camel Milk Against Chronic Diseases and Autism
Authors: Faris Mo'ez Al-Islam Ezzat , Ghazzawi Hadeel
Published: December 2019

Camel milk has been used as part of the human diet since ancient times. This chapter tries to elaborate the different aspects of nutraceutical functional properties of camel milk, focusing on the nutritional composition, presence of bioactive zoochemicals and peptides, antioxidant nutrients (vitamin C), and health rendering properties of this unique milk. Recent research has identified camel milk as a prophylactic and therapeutic functional food due to its noticeable content of essential macronutrients, namely bioactive functional proteins and peptides, along with its considerable content of essential micronutrients. Indeed, the presence of this unique mixture has shown to be promising contributors to the management and prevention of chronic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, liver and kidney, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel diseases in adults, and autism. In vivo, in vitro, and epidemiological and experimental studies were reviewed, and molecular mechanisms were highlighted for better understanding of the health-promoting, disease-preventing potential of camel milk.
DELINEAMENTOS INTRASSUJEITOS NA AVALIAÇÃO DE PRÁTICAS PSICOEDUCACIONAIS BASEADAS EM EVIDÊNCIA
Authors: Santos Jackeline Joyce de Santana , Sella Ana Carolina , Ribeiro Daniela Mendonça
Published: December 2019

Em diversos países, a educação baseada em evidências (EBE) ocupa um papel central na tomada de decisões acerca dos processos e procedimentos educacionais. No Brasil, a EBE ainda não é muito difundida na educação, mas dado o aumento gradual de publicações e organizações relacionadas a esta temática e dada a sua importância no cenário educacional internacional, é esperado que esta prática passe a ser mais discutida no país, especialmente pelos profissionais que trabalham na interseção entre a psicologia e a educação. Tendo por base o processo de tomada de decisão da EBE, mais especificamente, a necessidade de avaliação sistemática das intervenções educacionais e, tendo como corpo teórico-conceitual a análise do comportamento, os objetivos deste artigo são (a) apresentar como as formas de avaliação diagnóstica e formativa propostas pela análise do comportamento se relacionam a formas tradicionais de implementar avaliações de práticas psicoeducacionais e (b) demonstrar a importância dos delineamentos intrassujeitos como forma de avaliação e monitoramento de intervenções psicoeducacionais na busca por decisões que levem à EBE a partir da literatura da área. As análises realizadas neste manuscrito permitem a conclusão de que delineamentos intrassujeitos podem ser utilizados como avaliações na prática educacional como produtores de evidência.
DIMENSÕES CLÍNICAS DO ATO NA OBESIDADE: COMPULSÃO POR COMER E SINTOMA NA PERSPECTIVA PSICANALÍTICA
Authors: Seixas Cristiane Marques
Published: December 2019

A partir da diferenciação de algumas dimensões clínicas do ato, conceituando com Freud o ato sintomático, o acting out, o ato falho e a passagem ao ato, e da problematização da ideia de sintoma, o presente trabalho procura entender o que se trata na compulsão por comer presente nos pacientes ditos obesos. Essa diferenciação visa instruir uma nova maneira de apreender a compulsão por comer dentro do campo psicanalítico acompanhando os desenvolvimentos freudianos na segunda tópica. Tendo em vista o advento do conceito de pulsão de morte em 1920, a compulsão lato sensu não pode mais ser considerada somente como formação de compromisso, pois no caso dos pacientes ditos obesos a compulsão comporta uma satisfação que ultrapassa o princípio do prazer. Discute-se a diferenciação entre Neurose e Psicose, lançando mão da ideia de Psicose Ordinária para apontar uma possibilidade de ‘falha’ no efeito de barra ao gozo que se evidencia na insistência desses sintomas que carregam consigo um ganho secundário ao qual os sujeitos permanecem atados. A compulsão por comer constitui, portanto, uma forma de evitar a angústia que paradoxalmente produz um sofrimento, ou ainda, um ato que se funde ao eu e cobra seu preço na moeda da angústia. Sugere-se avançar no entendimento da última teoria freudiana da angústia para distinguir as diferentes maneiras de abordagem clínica do ato em suas diferentes declinações.
MOBILIDADE URBANA E COGNIÇÃO AMBIENTAL DE CICLISTAS
Authors: Olekszechen Nikolas , Massola Gustavo Martineli , Kuhnen Ariane
Published: December 2019

Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa que teve por objetivo analisar as cognições ambientais de ciclistas na cidade de Florianópolis (SC). Na perspectiva da psicologia ambiental e dos estudos pessoa-ambiente, entende-se por cognição ambiental a capacidade humana de conhecer, extrair e armazenar informações a respeito do ambiente, produzindo conhecimentos que auxiliam na resolução de problemas cotidianos. O estudo foi conduzido em duas etapas, sendo uma exploratória e centrada no ambiente e outra descritiva e centrada na pessoa. Nesta, 18 pessoas que utilizavam a bicicleta como meio de transporte responderam uma entrevista semiestruturada e um questionário orientados por questões a respeito das barreiras e facilitadores para o uso da bicicleta, as motivações e dificuldades para tal, bem como os aspectos que chamavam a atenção no trânsito. Os resultados indicaram que pedalar na cidade é um modo de conhecer seu terreno e pode mediar a construção de uma imagem a partir da experimentação.
PIAGET E MODERNIDADE: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A CONSTITUIÇÃO DO SUJEITO
Authors: Carli Tassiana , Silva Nelson Pedro
Published: December 2019

Pode-se falar em subjetividade autônoma nos dias atuais? Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa concluída, que teve como objetivo analisar o projeto da modernidade e a constituição do sujeito. Tratou-se de pesquisa teórica/bibliográfica, cuja análise apoiou-se na psicologia ético/moral piagetiana e em estudos sobre as consequências da modernidade e pós-modernidade na subjetividade. Os resultados informaram que a sociedade moderna possibilitou a emergência do sujeito autônomo, isto é, de um ser que busca agir de acordo com as suas decisões, contanto que vivencie relações de cooperação, pois apenas estas permitem a livre troca de perspectivas e, por conseguinte, o exercício da reciprocidade. O cenário atual, contudo, não tem sido potencialmente desequilibrador, a ponto de dificultar o estabelecimento de relações sociais desse tipo. Pelo menos, é o que a ordem social capitalista procura incutir por meio da veiculação da ideologia de que tudo está sob o seu controle. Em decorrência, pode parecer problemática a defesa da tese piagetiana acerca do a priori moral – de uma maneira ou de outra, caminhar-se-á para a solidariedade genuína. Isso leva ao conceito de dialética, pois a sua teoria evidencia a ideia de que toda afirmação (assimilação) traz em si o germe da sua contradição (acomodação). E é nessa perspectiva que se se pode pensar a relação indivíduo/sociedade e a construção de autonomia.
UMA PRÁTICA DE TRABALHO COM PESSOAS EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA NO SUAS
Authors: Souza William Azevedo , Costa-Rosa Abílio , Benelli Silvio José
Published: December 2019

Este texto consiste no relato de trabalho com pessoas em situação de rua no Sistema Único da Assistência Social (SUAS) em um município de grande porte, a partir da práxis de um trabalhador-intercessor que participou da estruturação dos serviços especializados e da rede territorial de atendimento. Apesar de a população em situação de rua ser tema recorrente de pesquisas acadêmicas, a realidade do trabalho na instituição Assistência Social com tal grupo é pouco abordada. A metodologia utilizada nesta pesquisa foi o Dispositivo Intercessor, por ser uma ferramenta de intercessão na realidade dos sujeitos e dos estabelecimentos institucionais, bem como na produção de conhecimento. Considerando o protagonismo dos sujeitos envolvidos nesse fazer-saber, destaca-se, em particular, a realidade vivida por um trabalhador, aliás, os impasses e os desafios cotidianos na estruturação dos serviços e da rede, tanto quanto no atendimento à população, contribuindo, dessa forma, na construção de uma práxis e de políticas públicas mais efetivas. Foi observado que a atuação dos trabalhadores modificou-se a partir do contato com a população, pois, no primeiro momento, o trabalho consistia em abordar e atender as pessoas em situação de rua, visando à saída dessa condição; no segundo momento, as ações dos trabalhadores foram ampliadas para o mapeamento do território, para o atendimento e o acompanhamento dos sujeitos, buscando a construção de saídas possíveis da situação de rua ou para a constituição de outros modos de habitar a realidade social.
THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE CHILD: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW OF ENGLISH AND PORTUGUESE LITERATURES
Authors: Mendes Josimar Antônio de Alcântara , Ormerod Thomas
Published: December 2019

The best interests of the child (BIC) should be of primary consideration in any situation involving children. Thus, BIC is commonly adopted as a principle, doctrine or test to weight decision-making regarding children. This study consists of an integrative literature review of English and Portuguese publications aimed at investigating how various studies address BIC definitions, characteristics and applications. The inclusion criteria were: 1) articles published between 2012 and 2017, and 2) those clearly addressing a BIC definition, characteristic and/or application. The chosen English databases were ASSIA, PsychARTICLES, PsychInfo, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar; the Portuguese databases were: LILACS, PePsic, Redalyc, Periódicos CAPES and Google Scholar. The main descriptor used was ‘best interests of the child’ which led to 1488 articles being found, and 14 selected. Brazilian articles have focused on the need to protect the child’s physical and psycho-socioemotional well-being, highlighting the child as a subject of rights, and maintaining child’s familial bonds. English articles have broadened the BIC perspective, highlighting the child’s idiosyncrasies, the role of the parent’s interests, and BIC as non-individualistic, flexible and complex. Other results show that BIC is largely related to the child’s development, which is divided into ‘material-physiological’ (basic needs and surviving) and ‘contextual’ (non-material and psychosocial and emotional needs) domains. Overall, BIC is a pluralistic, complex and multi-dimensional construct that depends on the child’s relational contexts.
A replication of ‘The long-run impact of foreign aid in 36 African countries: Insights from multivariate time series analysis’ (Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2014)
Authors: Roger Lionel
Published: December 2019

Macroeconomic data have been shown to vary substantially between sources, especially so for low-income countries. While the impact of data revisions on inference is well documented for cross-country studies, there is no systematic analysis of the robustness of results obtained from time series analysis. This is despite the fact that time series analysis is an integral part of the econometric toolkit of government analysts, and informs policy decisions in many areas of macroeconomics. This study fills this gap for the notoriously controversial aid-effectiveness debate using the statistical framework by Juselius et al. (2014,Oxf Bull Econ Stat): by adopting alternative sources of GDP data in 36 sub-Saharan African countries the author finds that results remain robust across datasets in two thirds of the countries, but sometimes drastically change in others. These findings suggest that robustness checks such as those carried out here should become standard procedure for macroeconomic analysis using single-country time series.
Satellite passive microwave sea-ice concentration data set intercomparison: closed ice and ship-based observations
Authors: Kern Stefan , Lavergne Thomas , Notz Dirk , Pedersen Leif Toudal , Tonboe Rasmus Tage , Saldo Roberto , Sørensen Atle MacDonald
Published: December 2019

Abstract. We report on results of a systematic inter-comparison of
10 global sea-ice concentration (SIC) data products at 12.5 to 50.0 km grid resolution for both the Arctic and the Antarctic. The products are compared with each other with respect to differences in SIC, sea-ice area (SIA), and
sea-ice extent (SIE), and they are compared against a global wintertime
near-100 % reference SIC data set for closed pack ice conditions and
against global year-round ship-based visual observations of the sea-ice
cover. We can group the products based on the concept of their SIC retrieval
algorithms. Group I consists of data sets using the self-optimizing
EUMETSAT OSI SAF and ESA CCI algorithms. Group II includes data using the
Comiso bootstrap algorithm and the NOAA NSIDC sea-ice concentration climate
data record (CDR). The standard NASA Team and the ARTIST Sea Ice (ASI)
algorithms are put into group III, and NASA Team 2 is the only element of
group IV. The three CDRs of group I (SICCI-25km, SICCI-50km, and OSI-450)
are biased low compared to a 100 % reference SIC data set with biases of
−0.4 % to −1.0 % (Arctic) and −0.3 % to −1.1 % (Antarctic). Products
of group II appear to be mostly biased high in the Arctic by between
+1.0 % and +3.5 %, while their biases in the Antarctic range from
−0.2 % to +0.9 %. Group III product biases are different for the
Arctic, +0.9 % (NASA Team) and −3.7 % (ASI), but similar for the
Antarctic, −5.4 % and −5.6 %, respectively. The standard deviation is
smaller in the Arctic for the quoted group I products (1.9 % to 2.9 %)
and Antarctic (2.5 % to 3.1 %) than for group II and III products:
3.6 % to 5.0 % for the Arctic and 4.0 % to 6.5 % for the Antarctic. We refer to the
paper to understand why we could not give values for group IV here. We
discuss the impact of truncating the SIC distribution, as naturally
retrieved by the algorithms around the 100 % sea-ice concentration end. We
show that evaluation studies of such truncated SIC products can result in
misleading statistics and favour data sets that systematically overestimate
SIC. We describe a method to reconstruct the non-truncated distribution of
SIC before the evaluation is performed. On the basis of this evaluation, we
open a discussion about the overestimation of SIC in data products, with
far-reaching consequences for surface heat flux estimations in
winter. We also document inconsistencies in the behaviour of the weather
filters used in products of group II, and we suggest advancing studies about
the influence of these weather filters on SIA and SIE time series and their
trends.
Community Sanctions as Pervasive Punishment: A Review Essay
Authors: Brown David
Published: December 2019

Community sanctions involving supervision are a neglected field in criminological research and are widely viewed in political, media and public discourse as ‘not prison’ and a ‘let-off’. An important new book, Pervasive Punishment by Fergus McNeill (2019), redresses this neglect by attempting to ‘make sense of mass supervision’ as a lived experience. Utilising a short story and allied projects with supervisees involving photographs and songs, he constructs a ‘counter-visual’ criminology that elucidates the ways supervision constitutes ‘pervasive punishment’. This article reviews McNeill’s argument and assesses its applicability in the Australian context.
La gran inundación del 2007 en Villahermosa, Tabasco, México: antecedentes y avances en materia de control
Authors: Ramos Reyes Rodimiro , Palomeque de la Cruz Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2019

Durante el siglo XX y principios del XXI, se realizó una gran transformación en el sistema hídrico en la cuenca del río Grijalva, México, debido al inadecuado crecimiento urbano en Villahermosa, Tabasco, que invadió tierras bajas e inundables, provocando vulnerabilidad en la población. Estos antecedentes se relacionaron con las grandes inundaciones del 2007, que afectaron aproximadamente 1,500 localidades y dañaron hasta el 75% de la población, causando enormes pérdidas millonarias en la infraestructura urbana; cultivos agrícolas, comercio y vivienda, principalmente en Villahermosa. Luego de las grandes inundaciones de 2007, el Plan Hídrico Integral de Tabasco (PHIT), fue diseñado para reducir al máximo la condición de riesgo y vulnerabilidad, donde se dio el reforzamiento y la protección de bordos, sin embargo, aún es primordial la ejecución del programa de ordenamiento ecológico, los programas de desarrollo urbano y el atlas de riesgo, donde se promuevan las regulaciones del crecimiento urbano y los asentamientos irregulares. Queda mucho trabajo por hacer concienzudamente, donde los actores políticos y los centros de investigación no solo hacen lo que deben hacer, sino que la sociedad en general debe reconocer los beneficios de respetar la naturaleza y las regulaciones sociales. A más de una década de la inundación más grande y drástica no ha habido otra catástrofe o bien las obras realizadas han mitigado los estragos. Se han logrado ciertos objetivos, pero no hay que bajar la guardia y seguir generando información base que sirva para convivir con la naturaleza y el medio ambiente.