bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Item Analysis of Multiple Choice Questions at the Department of Paediatrics, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
Authors: Kheyami Deena , Jaradat Ahmed , Al-Shibani Tareq , Ali Fuad A.
Published: April 2018

Objectives: The current study aimed to carry out a post-validation item analysis of multiple choice questions (MCQs) in medical examinations in order to evaluate correlations between item difficulty, item discrimination and distraction effectiveness so as to determine whether questions should be included, modified or discarded. In addition, the optimal number of options per MCQ was analysed. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Paediatrics, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain. A total of 800 MCQs and 4,000 distractors were analysed between November 2013 and June 2016. Results: The mean difficulty index ranged from 36.70–73.14%. The mean discrimination index ranged from 0.20–0.34. The mean distractor efficiency ranged from 66.50–90.00%. Of the items, 48.4%, 35.3%, 11.4%, 3.9% and 1.1% had zero, one, two, three and four nonfunctional distractors (NFDs), respectively. Using three or four rather than five options in each MCQ resulted in 95% or 83.6% of items having zero NFDs, respectively. The distractor efficiency was 91.87%, 85.83% and 64.13% for difficult, acceptable and easy items, respectively (P <0.005). Distractor efficiency was 83.33%, 83.24% and 77.56% for items with excellent, acceptable and poor discrimination, respectively (P <0.005). The average Kuder-Richardson formula 20 reliability coefficient was 0.76. Conclusion: A considerable number of the MCQ items were within acceptable ranges. However, some items needed to be discarded or revised. Using three or four rather than five options in MCQs is recommended to reduce the number of NFDs and improve the overall quality of the examination.
Internal Laryngocele: Unusual onset in a 91-year-old female patient
Authors: Spinosi Maria. C , Mezzedimi Chiara , Monciatti Giovanni , Passali Desiderio
Published: April 2018

While internal laryngoceles rarely cause major clinical complaints, they may lead to airway obstruction and require emergency intervention on rare occasions. We report a 91-year-old patient who was referred to the Ear, Nose & Throat Clinic of the Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Siena, Italy, in 2017 due to recurrent episodes of severe dyspnoea. A flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscopic examination revealed an internal laryngocele of approximately 1.5 cm in diameter that moved up and down the glottic plane, occasionally invading the subglottic space during inspiration and impeding airflow. This caused cyanosis and dyspnoea so severe that an emergency tracheotomy was considered. Luckily, after considerable effort, the patient was able to cough, causing the mass to move above the vocal plane and allowing normal breathing. The laryngocele was subsequently removed via laryngomicrosurgery. Although the incidence of internal laryngoceles is quite rare, physicians should consider this potentially life-threatening condition among patients with dyspnoea.
Analisis Risiko dalam Investasi Islam
Authors: Irkhami Nafis
Published: April 2018

Business activities and investments could not be separated from risk, becausethe return was a result of the risk analysis. Based on its nature, it was no small investment activities, especially in the field of financial assets, which in fact exploit the conditions in a way to speculate. In many cases, these speculators caused often create economic inequality, even crisis. This article would find footing construction investment ethical analysis of Islamic pespectives, including the instruments of the screening process, as well as the concept of Islamic investment analysis of risk and return.
Perniagaan Online Syariah: Suatu Kajian dalam Perspektif Hukum Perikatan Islam
Authors: Suhartono Suhartono -
Published: April 2018

Along the vast development in information technology, it creates a new variant in business relation, that once was primarily physical with papers as the transaction mechanism tools, shifts into a more virtual relationship pattern using digital media or well known as electronic commerce (ecommerce). There has been a transformation in the jurisdictional review towards agreement forms, from the conventional trading using textual document with “tinta basah” and physical contact in a real space, into a digital model where all the documents are made in a cyber space.This transaction model provides several benefits within its operational, nevertheless its presence also emerges new complex legal problems regarding the legality of a contract or an agreement, especially in the Islamic law perspective. Does an Islamic bonding law also accommodate this ecommerce transaction model?
Letter of Credit (L/C) dalam Produk Bank Syariah
Authors: Khoiruddin Khoiruddin
Published: April 2018

The existence of letter of credit which is really accordance with Islamicsyariah principles has been waited by moslem bussinessmen who want torun their religion values in all their life. The conventional L/C is consideredas on syariah L/C due to its practice still applicates the interest system. Theregulation of L/C Syariah has been existed in Act No. 21/2008 concerningPerbankan Syariah, in article 19 p, and long before the act was made, theexistence of L/C Syariah has been mentioned in Fatwa Dewan SyariahNasional MUI NO.34/DSN-MUI/IX/2002 concerning L/C Impor Syariah andFatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional MUI No. 35/DSN-MUI/IX/2002 concerningL/C Ekspor Syariah. L/C Syariah can applicate some models of akads/contracts, such as: wakalah bi al-ujrah, qard, murabahah, salam/istisna’,mudarabah, musharakah, hawalah and al-bai’. From the variety of contractmodels which can be applicated to the L/C Syariah, wakalah bi al-ujrah andmurabahah are considered as the most efficient, safest, and the most minimumrisky. Wakalah bi al-ujrah and murabahah are also an agreement that closestto the goal of L/C existence, that is: makes the international trade processbecome easier
Kontribusi Religiusitas dalam Perilaku Pengambilan Keputusan Konsumsi
Authors: Bawono Anton
Published: April 2018

Consequential is one aspect of religiousity, which one is away from any form imposed by Allah s.w.t. Consumption is forbidden by Allah swt is the consumption of haram goods. In this study will look at contributions halalness a product of consumption decisions. This study used four independent variables of quality, halal, price and side effects. The sampling method used was non-probability sampling method using the method of sampling convenience. Analysis of data has using multiple linear regression analysis. The findings of the four variables showed a positive and significant effect, the variable side effects are most dominant variable. While halal variable have the second greatest influence in determining consumption decisions. This suggests that religiosity variable is a variable that determines the capture market share, in the marketing strategy
Rethinking Ajaran Zakat
Authors: Rahman Taufikur
Published: April 2018

Salah satu kajian yang cukup diminati oleh umat sampai saat ini adalah kajian tentang zakat. Banyak buku, penelitian, media massa, dialog, diskusi, workshop dan seminar yang telah membahas tema tentang seputar ajaran zakat. Tema zakat ini menarik untuk dibahas karena zakat merupakan bentuk ibadah yang tidak hanya sekedar bersifat individual/personal, melainkan juga bercorak kemasyarakatan. Artinya, di dalam ajaran zakat, pandangan dan komitmen sosialnya cukup jelas, bahkan dari titik kepentingan yang menyentuh hajat orang banyak, yaitu pemenuhan kebutuhan ekonomi. Ajaran zakat juga menyentuh langsung dengan realitas kehidupan manusia yang nyata atau realitas sosial yang terus berkembang dan berubah dari waktu ke waktu. Sehingga, zakat sering disebut juga dengan ibadah maliyah ijtima’iyah, yaitu ibadah kebendaan yang bertujuan kemasyarakatan.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi Kerja dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Bank Muamalat Indonesia Cabang Surakarta
Authors: Marimin Agus
Published: April 2018

Human resource represent the key factor go to the success, along of human resource activator in operational company. The purpose if this research is to prove the influence of leadership style, work motivation, and organization culture toward employee performance of Bank Muamalat branch Indonesia Surakarta. The method used in this research is survey which using questioner for getting data. The respondents of this research are all of employee at Bank Muamalat branch Indonesia Surakarta. The data that get in this research is processed with program SPSS version 16.00. The test is done with linear regression model, t test, f test, R2 and Classic Assumption. Conclusion of this research is there is influence which significance of among leadership style, motivation, and organization culture toward employee performance of Bank Muamalat branch Indonesia Surakarta as individually.
Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HaKI) dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Quraisy Mujahid
Published: April 2018

This research started from the need for appreciation to intellectuality, creativity and ideas of every individual, which is known as the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). The problem arises when IPR was crashed with the mission of learning and empowerment for the benefit of the people. The result of this study was that intellectual property could become public goods if used as a means or tool to achieve the objectives of production, distribution and consumption in order to improve their quality. However, it is done without losing the identity of the inventor and the responsibility of government to procure. Intellectual property as private property becomes syubhat for others in taking it if it is associated with personal goals. In other words, the Intellectual Property becomes halal if it comes from the source of the original owner if it is given as a gift. It is becomes unlawful if it used in according with the goal for both commercial production and distribution levels
Distribusi dalam Sistem Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Madnasir Madnasir
Published: April 2018

Distribution of economic activity in a government are very important. This is because the distribution itself became an objective of fiscal policy in a government with a form of taxation (taxes are both individual and corporate taxes). When talking about economic activity in the distribution, of course, will talk about the concept of “economy” that “offered” by the Islamic. Looking at how Islam introduced the concept of equitable distribution of wealth of the country through the distribution, which is certainly not independent of the state revenue the teachings of Islamic Shariah, such as waris, sadaqah, zakat and waqf.
Mereview Arah Undang-Undang Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Zuliansyah A.
Published: April 2018

The application of Islamic law in the activities of banking/finance  or  other modern economic activities is not a simple job. The study of the banking law, or sharia  finance law to be an interesting study and challenging for the world of law in Indonesia, where the positive law (law) in the country of Indonesia is different from  that applicable to the religious law  (Islam). Enforcement of religious law (Islam)  must go through a process referred to as  the ”positivisasi” Islamic law. In this case, Islamic law accepted by the state  in  positive laws and regulations that apply  nationally. This paper will examine  the law of Law no. 10 of 1998 concerning Amendment to law number 7 of 1992. Likewise, Law number 21 of 2008 has some interesting general provisions to be observed. General provisions referred to (Article 1) is a novelty and will  provide certain implications
Perdagangan Efisien dalam Perspektif Islam: Kepentingan Simetris, Keseimbangan Informasi dan Keseimbangan Antar Sektor
Authors: Khoiruddin Moh
Published: April 2018

Many major problems arise in the trading. All these problems could not beseparated from the conventional economic concept belief that market force will create “order” and “harmony”, and every effort for the government intervention will only lead to market distortions and inefficiency. Symmetry concept between the public and private interests that will be able to realize a good trade order and fair, also the concept of self-interest as the cornerstone of all activities, including producers / sellers and consumers. That concept has been proven to cause market distortions and inefficiency within the micro and macro. Trade sector is a special emphasis in Islamic economics, for its links directly with the real sector. The author, based on reality problems and as well as exploration of Islamic values, particularly in trade areas, recommending solutions to trade problems. First, the concept of symmetry between the private and public interests are believed to bring good order and fair trade must be changed to be symmetrical between the interests of consumers, producers / sellers and the government. Second, the government as a regulator of trade must build systems that ensure the minimization of assymetric information anytime and anywhere, which essentially includes the publication of prices and product specifications in real time, accurate, inexpensive, and informative so that all parties to avoid deception or inaccurate information. Third, the regulations should not increase the cost burden of the public or business, let alone the additional costs outweigh the benefits. Fourth, to ensure stability and economic security, the development of financial sector development should be based on the real sector, in which is dominated by the trade sector
AT-TA’MIN AT-TA’AWUNI: ALTERNATIF ASURANSI DALAM ISLAM
Authors: Hakim M. Arif
Published: April 2018

Asuransi pada awalnya adalah suatu kelompok yang bertujuan membentukarisan untuk meringankan beban keuangan individu dan menghindari kesulitan pembiayaan. Secara umum konsep asuransi merupakan persiapan yang dibuat oleh sekelompok orang yang masing-masing menghadapi kerugian kecil sebagai sesuatu yang tidak dapat diduga. Apabila kerugian itu menimpa salah seorang dari mereka yang menjadi anggota perkumpulan itu, maka kerugian itu akan ditanggung bersama oleh mereka. Dalam praktek asuransi konvensional disinyalir terdapat unsur-unsur yang bertentangan dengan syari’ah Islam, seperti maisir, gharar, riba, dzalim dan sebagainya. Secara spesifik ada tiga unsur pokok dalam asuransi yang dipandang bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai syariah yaitu bahaya yang dipertanggungkan, premi pertanggungan dan sejumlah uang ganti rugi pertanggungan. Pembahasan asuransi dalam wilayah kajian ilmu-ilmu ke-Islaman baru muncul pada fase lahirnya ulama kontemporer. Di sisi lain, kajian tentang asuransi merupakan sebuah paket dari kajian ekonomi Islam yang biasanya selalu dikaji bersama-sama dengan pembahasan perbankan dalam Islam. Secara prinsipil kajian ekonomi Islam selalu mengedepankan asas keadilan, tolong menolong, menghindari kedzaliman, pengharaman riba (bunga), prinsip profit and loss sharing serta penghilangan unsur maisir dan gharar. Di samping itu, lembaga asuransi syariah perlu mengembangkan sebuahmanajemen asuransi secara mandiri, terpadu dan profesional serta tidakmenyalahi aturan dasar yang telah digariskan dalam ajaran syariah Islam.
Tantangan Lembaga Keuangan Syariah dalam Menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN
Authors: Kolistiawan Budi
Published: April 2018

Islamic law is basically a standard concept. As the time goes by, there is an ijtihad in some aspects of life, but they do not deviate from the teaching of Islam. So Islam in solving the problem is in accordance with Islamic teaching. It is an economic system that is part of human life. Islamic economic system is expected to solve the problems of human life without deviating from Islamic law of Allah SWT. Along with the development of the era, nowadays there are many emerging Islamic-based financial institutions or commonly called as Islamic financial institutions amid community. The purpose of this study is to determine how far the reediness of Islamic financial institutions in facing the ASEAN Economic Community. The method of discussion used in this study is analysis technique based on data and references of library research. Hukum Islam pada dasarnya merupakan konsep yang baku. Tetapi seiring berjalannya waktu, terdapat ijtihad dalam beberapa bidang kehidupan, namun tetap berada pada batasan yang tidak menyimpang dari ajaran Islam. Sehingga Islam dalam menyelesaikan masalah akan sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman. Demikian juga dengan sistem ekonomi yang merupakan bagian dari bidang kehidupan manusia. Sistem ekonomi Islam diharapkan bisa menyelesaikan permasalahan yang ada pada kehidupan manusia tanpa melanggar ketentuan hukum syariat Allah SWT. Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, saat ini telah banyak bermunculan lembaga keuangan yang berbasis Islam atau sering disebut lembaga keuangan syariah ditengah masyarakat. Tujuan dari pembahasan ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kesiapan lembaga keuangan syariah menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean. Metode pembahasan dalam artikel ini menggunakan teknik analisis berdasarkan data dan referensi kepustakaan yang ada.
Современные научные журналы: характеристика отечественного документопотока
Authors: Лакизо Ирина Геласиевна
Published: April 2018

В статье приведены данные об объеме документопотока, составе учредителей новых журналов, географической, отраслевой, видовой структуре, формах распространения журналов и моделях доступа к контенту. Сделаны выводы о вступлении научного книгоиздания в этап перехода от традиционных к электронным видам изданий, характеризующийся частично пересекающимися потоками печатных и сетевых изданий, массовой миграцией научной информации в открытый доступ, децентрализацией издательской активности.
К законодательному вопросу проверки уникальности (оригинальности) текста гуманитарных научных работ
Authors: Арутюнов Эрик Каренович , Улитин Илья Николаевич
Published: April 2018

В современной науке уникальность текста играет важную роль. В течение нескольких лет правила плагиата были установлены в учебных заведениях и научных журналах. Однако, на законодательном уровне проверке уникальности уделялось недостаточно внимания. В работе затрагиваются вопросы уникальности (оригинальности) текста гуманитарных научных работ. В статье автор приводит глобальные проблемы при проверке оригинальности текста гуманитарных научных работ, предлагает пути их решения.
EFFECT OF GRAPHENE OXIDE (GO) ON THE PROPERTIES OF ITS NANOCOMPOSITE WITH POLY (N-VINYL CARBAZOLE) (PVK)
Authors: Milagros Karina , Cui-Lim R.
Published: April 2018

Purpose of Study-- Herein we report the preparation of poly(N-vinyl carbazole) (PVK) and graphene oxide (GO) or nanocomposite was carried out by solution mixing process with the aid of sonication. Solutions of the GO with the PVK were prepared using mixed solvents aided by sonication which resulted in exfoliation and disaggregation of the GO into the PVK polymer matrix.

Methodology-- In this work, the PVK/GO was prepared from exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets using solution mixing process with the aid of sonication in a suitable solvent like N-cyclohexyl-2- pyrrolidone (CHP).  The as-prepared nanocomposites were characterized using XRD, DSC, FTIR-KBr, UV-Vis and EIS analysis.

Main Findings-- The preparation of PVK/GO nanocomposites was carried out by solution mixing process with the aid of sonication.  Using this method in dispersing the GO both exfoliation of the GOinto the PVK polymer matrix was attained.  Nanocomposite solution comprising GO wrapped within PVK polymer matrix was characterized using TGA, XRD, and EIS analysis. FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and XRD invoked the wrapping of GO outer surfaces by PVK.  The thermal properties of PVK/GO nanocomposites were analyzed using TGA.  Correlation of impedance data and XRD provided a structural rationale for PVK/GO nanocomposites. 

Application of Study-- The PVK/GO nanocomposites can be applied to various applications such as precursor polymer for hole-transporting materials and for electro nanopatterning.

Limitations-- The study is limited to the characterization of the prepared GO and PVK/GO nanocomposites.  Possible applications of the composites were not part of the study.

The originality of Study-- The findings of the study show that it is possible to prepare graphene/PVK nanocomposites using solution mixing process.
Análise Fatorial por Meio da Matriz de Correlação de Pearson e Policórica no Campo das Cisternas
Authors: Lidiane Lordelo Mendes Kruschewsky , Kuang Hongyu , Patrícia Borja Campos , Milton Porsani José
Published: April 2018

A partir da pesquisa realizada em cinco municípios do semiárido baiano sobre o uso e funcionamento do sistema de captação da água de chuva segundo as dimensões ambientais, técnicas, sanitárias, institucionais e sociais, o presente trabalho buscou identificar o método da Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) que melhor se ajusta a variabilidade dos dados e cujos fatores gerados são capazes de explicar o conjunto de variáveis. Foram aplicados 455 questionários nos e estudadas 36 variáveis. Foram analisados dois métodos de Análise Fatorial Exploratória, sendo eles: (i) Matrizes de Correlação de Pearson e (ii) Policórica, ambas utilizando rotação Varimax. Os dois métodos permitiram a geração de 6 Fatores. Os dois métodos da análise fatorial com a matriz de correlação de Pearson e Policórica foram adequados para este conjunto de dados, logo, o método pela matriz de policórica foi o mais eficaz na identificação de grupos das variáveis, portanto foi o melhor para este conjunto de dados. O Fator 1 foi considerado o fator mais influente do estudo, pois explicou a maior variância dos dados (11%), agrupando variáveis relacionadas as dimensões técnica e sanitária que interferem diretamente na qualidade da água armazenada na cisterna.
Grandes empreendimentos hidrelétricos e questões ambientais no Brasil
Authors: Dorileo Ivo Leandro
Published: April 2018

AAs políticas energéticas no Brasil têm sido formuladas de forma centralizada pelo governo federal, enquanto que as políticas de recursos hídricos e de meio ambiente estão sendo praticadas descentralizadamente. Este modelo tem conduzido a uma série de problemas e conflitos entre essas áreas, notadamente em relação aos grandes empreendimentos de usinas hidrelétricas. Uma nova forma de se aperfeiçoar o planejamento energético, que garanta a expansão da geração, da transmissão e da distribuição de energia, de forma articulada com as políticas energéticas de diversas vertentes, com as políticas setoriais de desenvolvimento e de meio ambiente, de recursos hídricos e com o sistema de regulação e de controle social, é a implementação de um modelo de planejamento integrado de recursos por bacias hidrográficas. Este pode responder às questões essenciais de infraestrutura através da busca do equilíbrio entre o meio ambiente, os interesses econômicos e as populações envolvidas.
Aplicação do Método VERAH no Diagnóstico Ambiental de uma Microbacia no Estado de Mato Grosso-Brasil
Authors: São Pedro Aline Nayara Rodrigues , Marchetto Margarida , São Pedro Ana Paula Rodrigues
Published: April 2018

O aumento da população da cidade de Cuiabá e o consequente incremento da demanda de água reforçam a ideia de que medidas de recuperação e conservação das microbacias são necessárias. Todos os setores de atividades humanas precisam de água para desempenhar suas funções, por isso ela é apontada como um recurso natural de altíssimo valor econômico, estratégico e social, no entanto o descaso e a falta de planejamento aliado ao crescimento desordenado das cidades tem levado a destruição dos córregos urbanos. A urbanização é um processo que acarreta diversas complicações para as cidades, como alagamentos, enchentes e inundações. Estes problemas são recorrentes em zonas urbanas e causam inúmeros prejuízos tanto para a população quanto para o poder público. Dessa maneira a realização de estudos sobre o gerenciamento ambiental dos espaços urbanos é de elevada relevância. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho foi diagnóstico ambiental da microbacia do Córrego do Barbado, localizado na zona urbana de Cuiabá pelo método VERAH em que foram abordados os temas vegetação, erosão, resíduos sólidos, água e habitação.  Os resultados mostraram que o córrego do Barbado sofre com diversos problemas como: escassez de área verde na microbacia; o alto índice de urbanização, a ineficiência ou inexistência dos sistemas coletores de águas pluviais, etc., tendo influência direta no comportamento hidrológico da bacia contribuindo para as ocorrências de alagamentos de inundações no trecho do córrego da Avenida Fernando Correa da Costa.  O estudo também apontou que ocupação urbana impacta a qualidade ambiental da bacia.
Estratégias Construtivas Para Adequação da Envoltória de uma Habitação de Interesse Social às Zonas Bioclimáticas Mato-Grossenses
Authors: Guarda Emeli Lalesca Aparecida da , Durante Luciane Cleonice , Callejas Ivan Julio Apolonio , Jorge Stefany Hoffmann Martins , Brandão Raphael Pinto
Published: April 2018

Pensar as construções habitacionais de forma que se adequem ao clima de Mato Grosso é um exercício interessante de decisões projetuais, uma vez que o estado possui extenso território, com elevadas temperaturas do ar durante o ano todo e também ampla variação higrométrica. Em virtude das características de clima quente, com estações seca e úmida, muitas vezes requerem estratégias projetuais antagônicas. Assim sendo, este artigo objetiva elaborar propostas de readequação da envoltória de uma Habitação de Interesse Social (HIS) considerando os requisitos de desempenho térmico e eficiência energética das quatro zonas bioclimáticas (ZB) do estado de Mato Grosso. Para o estudo foi considerado a orientação de implantação mais desfavorável sob o ponto de vista térmico. A metodologia consiste em identificar das propriedades dos materiais das paredes e coberturas, cores da envoltória e áreas mínimas de iluminação e ventilação natural, para fins comparação com os pré-requisitos bioclimáticos das normas e regulamentos brasileiros e elaboração de propostas de adequação com vistas à obtenção do melhor nível de eficiência energética. As propostas de intervenções para o sistema de vedação vertical utilizadas na readequação do projeto foram o aumento da espessura do reboco para as zonas ZB 5, 6 e 7 e inserção de material isolante do tipo poliuretano de 2,5cm (EPS) entre a argamassa e tijolo cerâmico para a zona ZB 8. Na o sistema de cobertura, as intervenções foram a inserção de manta isolante de poliuretano de 0,5cm com aumento do pé-direito e alteração da posição do forro para as zonas ZB 5 e 8 e adoção de forro de madeira para ZB 7. A contribuição deste estudo reside no fato de evidenciar que é possível adequar a habitação com intervenções construtivas de fácil incorporação nos sistemas originais do projeto, mas com grande contribuição para a sustentabilidade da habitação.
Evaluation of brinjal varieties for yield, genetic variability and disease reaction grown as late rabi season crop in Assam
Authors: Gogoi S , Mazumder N. , Talukdar Juri
Published: April 2018

Five hybrid brinjal varieties viz., Ketan, Vijay Kiron, Utkal Green, NV2035 Sarpan Bharata and two local cultivars viz., JC-1, Longai were evaluated at Horticultural Research Station, Kahikuchi, Guwahati as late rabi crop during 2014-16. Significant variation in plant growth parameters and fruit yield as well as on bacterial wilt incidence (Ralstonia solanacearum) were shown by all the varieties.Utkal Green recorded the highest per plant fruit yield (2.32 kg/plant) leading to the maximum total marketable yield (469.66 q/ha) and longer active fruiting duration (43.70 days).It also showed resistant reaction to bacterial wilt, recording only 12.44 per cent wilt incidence as compared to other varieties where it was in the range of 34.44 to 62.22 % at 55 days after transplanting. Although, Ketan and Vijay Kiron recorded moderately higher per plant fruit yield of 1.52 and 1.47 kg/plant,respectively but their total marketable fruit production reduced substantially due to high incidence of bacterial wilt (62.22 and 57.78%, respectively).The local cultivars, JC-1 and Longai exhibited moderately resistant reaction to bacterial wilt which registered 40.00 and 34.44 % , respectively.
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of NBS-LRR genes in wild relatives of eggplant (Solanum melongena L
Authors: Dev Sona. S , Poornima P. , Venu Akhil
Published: April 2018

Eggplantor brinjal (Solanum melongena L.), is highly susceptible to various soil-borne diseases. The extensive use of chemical fungicides to combat these diseases can be minimized by identification of resistance gene analogs (RGAs) in wild species of cultivated plants.In the present study, degenerate PCR primers for the conserved regions ofnucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) were used to amplify RGAs from wild relatives of eggplant (Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum), Indian nightshade (Solanumviolaceum)and Solanu mincanum) which showed resistance to the bacterial wilt pathogen, Ralstonia solanacearumin the preliminary investigation. The amino acid sequence of the amplicons when compared to each other and to the amino acid sequences of known RGAs deposited in Gen Bank revealed significant sequence similarity. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that they belonged to the toll interleukin-1 receptors (TIR)-NBS-LRR type R-genes. Multiple sequence alignment with other known R genes showed significant homology with P-loop, Kinase 2 and GLPL domains of NBS-LRR class genes. There has been no report on R genes from these wild eggplants and hence the diversity analysis of these novel RGAs can lead to the identification of other novel R genes within the germplasm of different brinjal plants as well as other species of Solanum.
Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance studies in french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes
Authors: Jhanavi D R , Patil H B , Justin P , . Revanappa. , Hadimani H. P , R mulla S. W , Sarvamangala C.
Published: April 2018

An experiment on evaluation in 36 genotypes of french bean was conducted at department of vegetable science, college of Horticulture, Bagalkot during rabi season of the year 2015-2016. The analysis of variance was significant (p=0.01) for all characters indicated higher magnitude of variability. Moderate GCV and PCV were observed for the traits plant height, number of primary branches, pod length, pod width, pod flesh thickness, number of pods / cluster, number of pods/ plant, weight of ten pods, number of root nodules/ plant, drymatter content of pods and roots. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for the plant height, pod width, number of pods/plant, weight of ten pods, yield /plant, number of root nodules /plant, drymatter content of pods, roots and protein content. It indicated the presence of additive gene effects. Thus, there is an ample scope for improving yield and quality characters in french bean through direct selection.
Weed dynamics and yield of direct seeded upland autumn rice (oryza sativa l.) Varieties as influenced by integrated weed and nutrient management practices
Authors: Goswami G , Deka N C. , Ojha N J
Published: April 2018

A field experiment was conducted during autumn, 2014 at ICR Farm, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam to compare three different direct seeded upland rice varieties along with different integrated weed and nutrient management practices. The experiment was carried out in factorial randomized block design replicated thrice with 15 treatments involving 3 varieties: Inglongkiri, Maizubiron and Rasi along with 5 treatments of weed and nutrient management,
Reduction in Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in a NICU: Practical Lessons for Its Achievement and Sustainability
Authors: Hawes Judith A. , Lee Kyong-Soon
Published: April 2018

Central venous catheters are commonly used for the provision of parenteral nutrition and medications for critically ill neonates in the NICU. However, central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are a major complication associated with their use and remain an important cause of nosocomial sepsis in NICUs. Central line-associated bloodstream infection has shifted from being an expected routine complication of central line use to an adverse event now evaluated as a critical event with the goal of identifying root causes so future CLABSI events are prevented. Success has been achieved through multiple strategies including implementation and maintenance of care bundles, education strategies to promote consistent adherence to bundle components, and institutional and unit support. Although low CLABSI rates can be achieved, sustaining low CLABSI rates and achieving zero CLABSI remain an ongoing challenge. We describe our experience with lessons learned, with an emphasis on the areas of difficulty during implementation of the bundle elements and the strategies and tools we utilized to overcome them.
Effect of land conflict on arable crops production in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Ofuoku Albert , Evwierhurhoma Faith
Published: April 2018

This study was designed to investigate the effect of land related conflicts on crop production in Delta State, Nigeria. Communities that have and are still experiencing land related conflicts were purposively selected for this study. The community and opinion leaders in such communities were also purposively selected for the study. This resulted to the selection of 255 respondents. Data were collected with the use of questionnaire and structured interview schedule. All the conflicts were at inter-community level and were caused by boundary disputes. The conflicts took serious dimensions. Arable crop production was adversely affected, but picked up after resolution of the conflicts in most communities. Agricultural activities were negatively affected by the conflict incidences. The conflict cases were managed with adoption of negotiation, security agents, and governmental agencies’ intervention and judicial injunction. However they were resolved through legal procedure, intervention of Ministry and Land Survey, and Land and Boundary Commission’s intervention. There were significant differences between level of crop production before and after conflicts; significant relationships between magnitude of land conflicts and some socioeconomic characteristics of respondents. Seriousness of land conflicts had inverse significant relationship with agricultural activities. It was recommended that government agencies should properly define boundaries between communities, Land and Boundary Commission should promptly wade into land related disputes before they escalate; and communities are required to contact the relevant government agencies to report any matter of disagreement relating to land boundaries with other communities; and extension agency needs to integrate anti-conflict education in their interaction with farmers.
Intraventricular Ganglioglioma Presenting with Spontaneous Hemorrhage
Authors: Campos Alexandre Rainha , Biscoito Luisa , Gasparinho Maria Gabriela
Published: April 2018

Intraventricular gangliogliomas presenting with spontaneous hemorrhage are rare. Due to high density of important tracts lateral to the ventricular atrium, the intraparietal trans sulcal approach is a good option to remove lesions in this location. These tracts are displaced and sometimes destroyed by the presence of large masses. A 33-year-old male presented with a sudden headache and a generalized seizure. He had a left visual field hemianopia and left visual field neglect. Brain computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a hemorrhagic tumor located in his right atrium. With the help of tractography an optimal corridor to the tumor through the intraparietal sulcus was planned. Gross total removal of a ganglioglioma was possible with recovery of visual impairment and control of epilepsy. The efficacy in using tractography as a planning tool for safe tumor removal is demonstrated with clinical, imagiological and histological data, and a surgical video.
KONTRIBUSI AGROFORESTRI DALAM MITIGASI GAS RUMAH KACA MELALUI PENYERAPAN KARBON Contribution Of Agroforestry Mitigation Greenhouse Gases Through The Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Insusanty Enny , Ikhwan M. , Sadjati Emy
Published: April 2018

Agroforestri memiliki kemampuan dalam mitigasi iklim melalui dalam penyerapan karbon. Dengan kondisi  tegakan agroforestry  menyerupai hutan skunder sehingga memiliki kemampuan dalam menyerap karbon yang cukup besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karbon yang dapat diserap pada setiap model agroforestri yang ada di Kecamatan XIII Koto Kampar. Model agroforestri Karet-GaharuDurian memiliki biomassa adalah 135,35 ton/ha dan potensi karbon 62,26 C ton/ha sedangkan Model KaretDurian memiliki biomassa 82,14 ton/ha dan  karbon   37,78 ton/ha. Biomassa model Karet-Gaharu  adalah 93,70 ton/ha dengan potensi karbon 43,10 ton/haKata Kunci : model agroforestri; biomassa; karbon Agroforestry has the ability to mitigate climate through in carbon sequestration. With the condition of agroforestry stands resembling a secondary forest that has the ability to absorb considerable carbon. The purpose of this research is to know the carbon that can be absorbed in every model of agroforestry in District XIII Koto Kampar. The agroforestry model of Rubber-Gaharu-Durian has biomass is 135.35 ton / ha and carbon potential is 62.26 C t / ha while the Durian-Rubber Model has 82.14 ton / ha biomass and 37.78 ton / ha of carbon. Rubber-Gaharu model biomass is 93,70 ton / ha with carbon potential 43,10 ton / h
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PELEPAH DAN DAUN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) SEBAGAI PUPUK KOMPOS Utilization Of Waste District And Palm Oil Leaves (Elaeis guineensis jacq) As Composted Fertilizers
Authors: Daryono Daryono , Alkas Taufiq Rinda
Published: April 2018

Pelepah daun kelapa sawit yang selama ini kurang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat dan lebih bersifat limbah biasanya pelepah ini hanya ditumpuk disekitar pohon saja. Pelepah daun sawit ini berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan kompos.Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 perlakuan yaitu: P1 : 25 kg pelepah dan daun kelapa sawit + 6 kg kotoran ayam + 1 kg dedak + 200 ml EM-4 + 20 l air + gula merah 2 kg, P2 : 25 kg pelepah dan daun kelapa sawit +  8 kg kotoran ayam + 2 kg dedak  + 300 ml EM-4 + 30 l air + gula merah 3 kg, P3 : 25 kg pelepah dan daun kelapa sawit + 10 kg kotoran ayam + 3 kg dedak + 400 ml Em-4 + 40 l air + gula merah 4 kg. Dari hasil pengamatan fisik pada penelitian ini untuk suhu,warna, bau, tekstur ,pH dan waktu lama pengomposan terbaik pada Perlakuan P2, P3 dan P1. Untuk perlakuan P2 44 hari, perlakuan P3 49 hari dan perlakuan P1 52 hari dilihat dari stabilnya suhu dan pH. Untuk warna, bau dan tekstur pada perlakuan P2 35 hari, perlakuan P3 40 hari dan perlakuan P1 43 hari.Sedangkan kimia kompos yang memenuhi Standar Mutu Pupuk Organik berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian No. 70 /Permentan / SR.140 / 10 / 2011 yaitu Kadar air koreksi pada P2 sebesar 23.82 dan C-Organik Pada P1=29.96, P2=31.30,P3=30.03,mikro Fe pada P1=0.154,P2=0.106,P3=0.187dan C/N Rasio pada P1=9.46,P2=9.54,P3 =8.56.Kata Kunci: Pelepah dan daun kelapa sawit; Kotoran ayam; dedak; EM-4; gula merah dan airThe leaves of palm leaf that has been underused by the community and more waste is usually stacked only around the tree.This leaves of palm leaf has the potential to be used as compost material.This study consisted of 3 treatments: P1: 25 kg midrib and palm leaf + 6 kg chicken dung + 1 kg bran + 200 ml EM-4 + 20 l water + brown sugar 2 kg, P2: 25 kg midrib and coconut leaf sawit + 8 kg chicken manure + 2 kg bran + 300 ml EM-4 + 30 l water + brown sugar 3 kg, P3: 25 kg midrib and palm leaf + 10 kg chicken manure + 3 kg bran + 400 ml Em-4 + 40 l water + brown sugar 4 kg.From the physical observation in this research to temperature, color, odor, texture, pH and long time of best composting on Treatment P2, P3 and P1.For treatment of P2 44 days, treatment P3 49 days and treatment P1 52 days seen from stable temperature and pH. For the color, odor and texture of the P2 35 days, P3 40 days and P1 43 days.While compost chemistry that meets the Organic Fertilizer Quality Standard based on Regulation of Minister of Agriculture no. 70 / Permentan / SR.140 / 10/2011 Water content correction at P2 of 23.82 and C-Organic At P1 = 29.96, P2 = 31.30, P3 = 30.03, Fe micro at P1 = 0.154, P2 = 0.106, P3 = 0.187 and C / N Ratio at P1 = 9.46, P2 = 9.54, P3 = 8.56.
KEBIJAKAN PENDUKUNG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI GUNUNGKIDUL MELALUI USAHA SAMPINGAN AGRIBISNIS BAMBU (Supporting Policies to Strengthen Gunungkidul Farmers’ Livelihoods through Bamboo-based Agribusiness)
Authors: M.B. Utomo Marcellinus , A.G. Pieter Levina , Nadiharto Yusuf , Tegar P Henricus
Published: April 2018

Bambu di Kabupaten Gunungkidul telah secara terbukti mampu menggerakkan ekonomi perdesaan karena munculnya banyak UKM berbasis bambu yang mampu menciptakan lapangan kerja. Namun masalah di sektor penyediaan bahan baku bambu oleh petani dapat menjadi permasalahan besar kedepannya. Oleh karena itu perlu kebijakan pendukung pro petani bambu agar selain untuk melestarikan industri berbasis bambu, kebijakan ini juga akan meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani. Bambu di lokasi penelitian telah berkontribusi antara 0.7 – 43.2% bagi pendapatan minimum agar terbebas dari garis kemiskinan. Besaran kontribusi ini bergantung sekali dengan luas kepemilikan lahan petani. Permasalahan selain keterbatasan lahan yang dihadapi petani adalah keterbatasan pengetahuan pengelolaan tegakan bambu, kurang menariknya bambu karena harganya yang rendah, dan posisi petani yang lemah dalam jaringan industri berbasis bambu. Kebijakan pendukung ditekankan pada peran pemerintah, baik provinsi maupun kabupaten, serta dukungan dari institusi-institusi penelitian dan lembaga-lembaga donor untuk saling mendukung dalam menciptakan program-program yang meliputi kemitraan pengelolaan hutan oleh masyarakat petani, penyediaan sumberdaya penyuluhan yang memadai, dan pemberdayaan petani melalui riset-riset aksi.Kata kunci: bambu; Gunungkidul; petani; kebijakan pendukungBamboo in Gunungkidul Regency has noticeably moved rural economy as many bamboobased SMEs creating job opportunities. However, unsustainable bamboo raw material provision could be a problem in the near future. As bamboo farmers are the backbone for bamboo production, pro-farmer supporting policies are required, to sustain the industries and eventually strengthen bamboo farmers’ prosperity. Bamboo in the research site contributes between 0.7 – 43.2% of minimum income of the poverty line. This contribution depends on the size of farmland owned by each farmer. Others problems faced by farmers are lack of bamboo stand management knowledge, bamboo is less attractive because its low price, and the weak position of farmer among bamboo-based industry network. The focus of the supporting policies is on the governments’ roles, either in provincial or regency level, and also support from other external parties like research institutes, donor agencies to supportively creating programs comprised of forest partnership, providing adequate extension resources, and farmer empowerment through action researches
KECENDERUNGAN KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN DAN ALTERNATIF PENGENDALIAN BERBASIS KEMITRAAN DI PT. INHUTANI II KOTABARU Trend of Forest and Land Fire and Control Alternative Based on Partnership at PT. Inhutani II Kotabaru
Authors: Aryadi Mahrus , Satriadi Trisnu , Syam’ani Syam’ani
Published: April 2018

Kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Indonesia telah menyebabkan kerugian yang luar biasa, baik dari aspek ekologi, ekonomi dan sosial budaya. Penelitian ini menggali kecendrungan kebakaran hutan dan lahan dengan pendekatan spasial dan penyebab kebakaran hutan dan secara empiris serta alternatif pengendaliannya. Metode yang digunakan perangkat lunak SIG, yaitu ArcGIS for Desktop 10.3.1 yang disediakan oleh Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI), wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hotspot berkorelasi positif, semakin dekat dengan jaringan jalan, intensitas atau jumlah kejadian kebakaran akan semakin besar, dan kecendrungan kebakaran hutan dan lahan berbentuk acak dari waktu ke waktu yang disebabkan oleh adanya pembukaan lahan-lahan baru untuk kepentingan perladangan. Penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan adalah aktivitas perladangan, akses jalan dan iklim. Alternatif Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan berbasis Kemitraan, yaitu membangun kerjasama dengan kelompok masyarakat peladang sistem “Pembukaan Ladang Terkendali”, melibatkan parapihak yakni aparat desa, aparat kecamatan dan aparat kepolisian setempat serta KPHP.Kata kunci: kebakaran; hutan dan lahan; kemitraanForest and land fires in Indonesia have caused tremendous losses, both from the ecological, economic and socio-cultural aspects. This study explores the trend of forest and land fires with spatial approaches and causes of forest fires through empiricall method as well as alternative controls. The method used GIS software, ArcGIS for Desktop 10.3.1 provided by the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI), in-depth interviews and observation. The results show that the hotspots are positively correlated, the closer to the road network, the greater the intensity or number of fires, and the tendency of forest fires and randomly shaped land from time to time due to the opening of new lands for shifting cultivation. Causes of forest and land fires are the activities of cultivation, road access and climate. Alternative Forest Fire Control based on Partnership, which is to build cooperation with community group farmer system “Pembukaan Lahan Terkendali”, involving stakeholders that is village apparatus, subdistrict apparatus and local police apparatus and KPHP.
ANALISIS PRODUKSI DAN FINANSIAL PENGUSAHAAN TENGKAWANG OLEH RAKYAT DI KALIMANTAN BARAT Production and Financial Analysis of Tengkawang Cultivation by People in West Kalimantan
Authors: Winarni Budi , Alex T. , A.M. Lahjie , Y. Ruslim
Published: April 2018

Tengkawang merupakan tanaman khas iklim tropika basah, menjadi salah satu bukti keanekaragaman hayati di Indonesia, khususnya di Pulau Kalimantan.  Keberadaan tengkawang sangat bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat.  Era keemasan tengkawang yang menjadi maskot flora Propinsi Kalimantan Barat itu, kini telah memudar seiring laju deforestasi dan meningkatnya investasi perkebunan kelapa sawit. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis hubungan antara umur pohon dengan volume pohon dan produksi buah tengkawang, menganalisis kelayakan finansial pengusahaan tengkawang dengan menghitung Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C).  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan bentuk survei dan teknik wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner.   Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang erat antara umur pohon dengan volume pohon dan produksi buah tengkawang. Pengusahaan tengkawang skala rakyat tetap layak untuk dilanjutkan. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya pemasaran buah tengkawang secara berkesinambungan.Kata Kunci : Analisis produksi; analisis finansial; tengkawangTengkawang is a typical plant to wet tropical climate that becomes a proof for Indonesia’s biodiversity, especially in Kalimantan Island. The existence of tengkawang is extremely beneficial to improve the local’s economy.  Now, the Golden Era of tengkawang which becomes flora mascot of West Kalimantan Province has faded as deforestation and increased investment in oil palm plantations. The research objectives were to analyze the relation between tree age by tree volume and tengkawang fruit production, analyze the financial feasibility by calculating Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C) of tengkawang cultivation. This research used descriptive method with survey form and interview technique by using questionnaire. The results showed that there was a close relation between tree age by tree volume and tengkawang fruit production, tengkawang cultivation by people was feasible enough to be continued.  It required tengkawang fruit marketing efforts on an ongoing basis.