bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMASI OPERASI ANJUNGAN AKOMODASI OFFSHORE (Manajemen Mutu Melalui Pengendalian Resiko, Penerapan Analisis Keselamatan Kerja, Dan Implementasi Qa/Qc Pada Proses Pekerjaan Offshore Lepas Pantai)
Authors: Soesanto Edy , Ratono Erfprins Azhar , Surya Adhi
Published: December 2024

Operasi anjungan akomodasi offshore di lingkungan lepas pantai merupakan kegiatan yang kompleks dan memerlukan fokus khusus pada aspek manajemen mutu, pengendalian risiko, dan keselamatan kerja. Dalam upaya untuk mengoptimalkan efisiensi dan keberlanjutan operasi, pendekatan yang holistik dan terintegrasi diperlukan. Manajemen mutu menjadi pondasi utama dalam memastikan bahwa seluruh tahapan operasi mencapai standar kualitas tertinggi. Pengendalian risiko, sebagai elemen kritis dalam lingkungan lepas pantai yang penuh tantangan, menjadi landasan untuk menjalankan operasi secara lebih aman dan efektif. Identifikasi dan mitigasi risiko yang cermat membantu dalam mencegah potensi gangguan serius. Penerapan Analisis Keselamatan Kerja (Job Safety Analysis/JSA) menjadi langkah proaktif untuk mengidentifikasi risiko keselamatan di setiap tugas. Dengan menganalisis langkah-langkah pekerjaan, para pemangku kepentingan dapat merancang tindakan pencegahan yang efektif untuk menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang aman.Quality Assurance (QA) dan Quality Control (QC) menjadi instrumen utama dalam memastikan bahwa setiap output operasi memenuhi standar kualitas yang ditetapkan. QA memastikan kesesuaian proses operasional dengan kebijakan dan prosedur, sementara QC memantau hasil akhir untuk menjamin kepatuhan terhadap standar kualitas.Implementasi integratif manajemen mutu, pengendalian risiko, Analisis Keselamatan Kerja, dan QA/QC bertujuan untuk mencapai optimasi operasi anjungan akomodasi offshore. Pendekatan ini tidak hanya meningkatkan efisiensi operasional tetapi juga menghadirkan lingkungan kerja yang lebih aman dan andal. Keseluruhan, langkah-langkah ini berkontribusi positif terhadap keberlanjutan industri minyak dan gas di perairan lepas pantai.
The potential role of synthetic computed tomography in spinal surgery: generation, applications, and implications for future clinical practice
Authors: Sankar Shreya , McDonnell Jake Michael , Darwish Stacey , Butler Joseph Simon
Published: December 2024

Computed tomography (CT) is widely used for the diagnosis and surgical treatment of spinal pathologies, particularly for pedicle screw placement. However, CT’s limitations, notably radiation exposure, necessitate the development of alternative imaging techniques. Synthetic CT (sCT), which generates CT-like images from existing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, offers a promising alternative to reduce radiation exposure. This study examines the emerging role of sCT in spinal surgery, focusing on usability, efficiency, and potential impact on surgical outcomes. This qualitative literature review evaluated various sCT generation methods, encompassing traditional atlas-based and bulk-density models, as well as advanced convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures, including U-net, V-net, and generative adversarial network models. The review assessed sCT accuracy and clinical feasibility across different medical disciplines, particularly oncology and surgery, with potential applications in orthopedic, neurosurgical, and spinal surgery. sCT has shown significant promise across various medical disciplines. CNN-based techniques enable rapid and accurate generation of sCT from MRI scans, rendering clinical use feasible. sCT has been used to identify pathologies and monitor disease progression, suggesting that MRI alone may suffice for diagnosis and planning in the future. In spinal surgery, sCTs are particularly useful in visualizing key anatomical features like vertebral dimensions and spinal canal diameter. However, challenges persist, especially in visualizing complex structures and larger spinal regions, like the lumbar spine. Additional limitations include inaccuracies stemming from surgical implants and image variability. The application of sCT technology in spinal surgery holds great promise, improving diagnostics, planning, and treatment outcomes. Although further research is required to improve its precision, it offers a viable alternative to traditional CT in many clinical contexts, with the potential for broader application as the technology matures.
Comparison of en-bloc direct vertebrae rotation and non-direct vertebrae rotation for the correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis Lenke 5C: a retrospective study in Changsha, China
Authors: Alonge Emmanuel , Zhang HongQi , Liu Shaohua , Wang Yuxiang
Published: December 2024

Study Design: A retrospective study.Purpose: This study aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of en-bloc direct vertebrae rotation (DVR) to non-DVR for the correction of Lenke 5C.Overview of Literature: The primary goal of posterior correction is to preserve the lumbar spine and achieve a well-balanced spine. However, very few studies have examined the effects of en-bloc DVR (ED) on Lenke 5C correction.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with a minimum follow-up of four years involving 95 patients (ED group, n=45; non-DVR [ND] group, n=50). Radiographic measurements included thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sagittal vertical axis, coronal balance, and Cobb angles preoperatively and postoperatively. Flexibility curves and axial vertebral rotation were assessed using computed tomography before and after surgery. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire.Results: The preoperative major Cobb angles were comparable between the ED group (52.2°±2°) and the ND group (52.8°±3°), with no significant difference (p=0.327). At the last follow-up, the average Cobb angle was significantly lower in the ED group (4.6°±2°) compared to the ND group (6.1°±3°), indicating a significant difference (p=0.005). The postoperative radiographic shoulder height showed no significant difference at the last follow-up. The axial vertebral rotation was significantly greater in the ED group (8.4°±0°) than in the ND group (11.1°±1°) (p=0.001). Additionally, the ED group demonstrated substantial preservation of fusion levels with an average of 5.6 fused segments compared to 6.3 in the ND group.Conclusions: A significantly higher incidence of satisfactory outcomes was observed at the final follow-up, with the correction rate of the ED group superior to that of the ND group for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis Lenke 5C. Moreover, patients in the ED group reported better outcomes on the SRS-22 questionnaire and had a shorter hospital stay than those in the ND group.
Optimising deformity correction: a retrospective comparative analysis of two techniques in high magnitude curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Kulkarni Arvind Gopalrao , Kumar Priyambada , Yeshwanth Thonangi , Gunjotikar Sharvari , Goparaju Praveen , Adbalwad Yogesh Madhavrao , Chadalavada Aditya Raghavendra Sai Siva , Umarani Arvind , Patil Shankargouda
Published: December 2024

Study Design: A retrospective comparative study.Purpose: To validate the hypothesis that a combination of multilevel Ponte osteotomy (PO) with intraoperative traction (IOT) results in a better correction than IOT alone in high-magnitude curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and does not possess an attributable risk of neurological injury.Overview of Literature: On a comprehensive review of the literature, the choice of technique adopted for curves between 65° and 100° remains controversial with no major consensus favoring one technique over the other.Methods: Twenty-four patients with AIS (Cobb >65°) underwent surgery at a single center between January 2014 and December 2021. The first 10 patients underwent surgery using only IOT (T group), whereas the subsequent 14 patients underwent surgery with a combination of IOT and PO (TP group).Results: The mean preoperative Cobb angles in the T and TP groups were 89.35°±6.05° and 92.32°±9.28°, respectively (p=0.59). The mean flexibility index (FI) of the T and TP groups were 0.31±0.016 and 0.36±0.03, respectively (p=0.41). The mean postoperative Cobb angle in the T and TP groups were 40.25°±5.95° and 19.1°±3.20°, respectively (p=0.041). Apical vertebral rotation improved from mean grade 3.2 (2–4) to grade 2.6 (1–3) in the T group and from mean grade 3.6 (2–4) to mean grade 1.8 (1–3) in the TP group. Postoperatively, the mean thoracic kyphosis was 13.84°±2.10° and 21.02°±1.68° in T and TP groups (p=0.044). Transient signal-loss intraoperatively was noted in two patients, one in each group. No episodes of postoperative neurological deficits were reported. No incidences of pseudarthrosis/implant-related complications were reported at the end of 2 years in either group.Conclusions: IOT and PO complement one another and can be safely combined without an attributable risk of neurological injury.
ЧАТ GPT ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ РОЗВИТКУ ЦИФРОВОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ У ПІДГОТОВЦІ ВЧИТЕЛІВ ІНОЗЕМНИХ МОВ
Authors: Глазунова Тамара , Кузьміна Світлана , Довгалюк Таміла
Published: December 2024

The rapid digitalization of all spheres of life has made digital competence development among modern foreign language teachers crucial to preparing competitive specialists. Using GPT chat as a primary learning tool, future teachers must anticipate the outcomes of such interactions and design tasks according to a specific algorithm. This research aims to develop digital competence in future foreign language teachers by applying GPT chat within the framework of Task-Based Learning (TBL) for teaching English. The choice of GPT chat is based on its significant didactic potential, the limited methodological approaches for its use in foreign language teacher training, and the low proficiency levels among teachers in utilizing this tool effectively. To build digital competence with GPT chat, an algorithm was designed for student interaction in the context of a communicative situation, such as "Receiving unexpected guests." The novelty of this research lies in the practical development of an algorithm for student interaction with GPT chat to enhance speaking competence through TBL. This approach incorporates real-life, problem-based tasks. Additionally, the research advances the methodology of teaching speaking with the phased use of GPT chat, introduces specific "prompts" for generating instructions, and establishes criteria for assessing speaking skills. The use of GPT chat to evaluate speaking promotes student autonomy. The formulated "prompts" serve to clarify task content, align with learners' speech competence levels, and connect tasks to real-life outcomes. Digital competence development is holistic, achieved by integrating oral communication skills and social abilities
РОЗВИТОК НАВИЧОК ЕФЕКТИВНОЇ МІЖКУЛЬТУРНОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ
Authors: Ігнатова Олена
Published: December 2024

The article discursively analyzes the skills of effective intercultural communication. It highlights the importance of developing communication skills and examines key aspects of the development of effective intercultural communication skills, which are crucial in the context of globalization. The concepts of intercultural communicative competence, which includes knowledge, skills, motivation, and empathy necessary for effective interaction with representatives of other cultures, are analyzed. The factors influencing the development of intercultural competence, such as education, immersion experience, and language training, are identified. The importance of continued research to improve strategies for teaching and developing intercultural skills is emphasized.
DEVELOPING GRAMMAR COMPETENCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS VIA INTERACTIVE APPS (BAMBOOZLE, QUIZZIZ, GENIALLY)
Authors: Melnytska Олена , Kudelska Olha
Published: December 2024

The principal focus of this paper is developing grammatical competence with interactive platforms. It illustrates how grammar plays a crucial part in the process of learning a foreign language, acting as a tool for studentsto subsequently join words together to form phrases and construct coherent sentences. The purpose of this research is to thoroughly examine and evaluate the fundamental ideas behind improving secondary school pupils’ grammar proficiency and enabling this process with the aid of interactive technology. Throughout the study, we have viewed how well interactive technologies in general and such platforms/applications as Bamboozle, Genially, Quizziz specifically can assist in teaching grammar to secondary school students. Since these interactive apps and platforms capture students’ interest and boost their desire to participate in the learning process, the level of motivation among students increases considerably. The educational process can be tailored to each student’s unique needs with this interactive approach to grammar instruction. Assignments are chosen based on students’ interests and knowledge levels, and students receive immediate feedback that helps them reflect on their mistakes, improve their skills, and address any weaknesses. Grammar instruction is a difficult procedure that is accompanied with complex and detailed explanations that typically leave students perplexed and deterred from further learning. Due to students' short attention spans and difficulty maintaining focus, they quickly find these grammar lessons tedious and exhausting. Additionally, the article focuses on the different ways that interactive technologies now recommend working with video/audio content, tests, quizzes, etc. Furthermore, this article outlines realistic challenges that students may face when dealing with interactive technologies and offers ways of overcoming these problems. We have come to conclusion that incorporating interactive technologies into the English grammar learning process greatly enhances its quality and makes it more engaging and compelling
Comprehensive AI assessment framework: Enhancing educational evaluation with ethical AI integration
Authors: Kılınç Selçuk
Published: December 2024

The integration of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools into education has been a game-changer for teaching and assessment practices, bringing new opportunities, but also novel challenges which need to be dealt with. This paper presents the Comprehensive AI Assessment Framework (CAIAF), an evolved version of the AI Assessment Scale (AIAS) by Perkins, Furze, Roe, and MacVaugh, targeted toward the ethical integration of AI into educational assessments. This is where the CAIAF differs, as it incorporates stringent ethical guidelines, with clear distinctions based on educational levels, and advanced AI capabilities of real-time interactions and personalized assistance. The framework developed herein has a very intuitive use, mainly through the use of a color gradient that enhances the user-friendliness of the framework. Methodologically, the framework has been developed through the huge support of a thorough literature review and practical insight into the topic, becoming a dynamic tool to be used in different educational settings. The framework will ensure better learning outcomes, uphold academic integrity, and promote responsible use of AI, hence the need for this framework in modern educational practice.
Assessing the readiness and attitudes of Nigerian teacher educators towards adoption of artificial intelligence in educational settings
Authors: Ogbu Eke Eke
Published: December 2024

This study investigated readiness and attitudes of Nigerian teacher educators towards adoption of Artificial intelligence (AI) in educational. The population of the study included teacher educators from various educational institutions in Nigeria, and a sample size of 250 participants was used. The study utilized four research questions to explore the familiarity, attitudes, and perceived barriers related to AI adoption. The researchers employed a survey instrument to collect data, which was validated for reliability using Cronbach's alpha test. The results showed a high level of readiness and positive attitudes among the Nigerian teacher educators towards the adoption of AI-powered educational tools, such as personalized learning platforms, automated grading systems, and virtual tutors. The findings highlighted the teacher educators' recognition of the potential benefits of AI in addressing educational challenges, as well as their confidence in integrating AI-driven automated grading systems into their teaching practices. However, the study also identified perceived barriers, including inadequate infrastructure, insufficient training, and ethical concerns, which need to be addressed to ensure successful AI integration. One of the key recommendations from the study is to implement comprehensive training and professional development programs for Nigerian teacher educators, focusing on the practical implementation of AI-powered educational tools. This will enhance their confidence, competence, and ability to effectively integrate these technologies into their teaching practices.
INTERSECCIONALIDADES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS E O USO DE ERVAS MEDICINAIS EM COMUNIDADES ESCOLARES
Authors: NASCIMENTO Ayrton Matheus da Silva , NASCIMENTO Adrielly Katharine Barbosa Ferreira
Published: December 2024

Este estudo investiga as interseccionalidades étnico-raciais no uso de ervas medicinais em comunidades escolares, analisando como essas práticas se conectam às identidades culturais dos estudantes e suas famílias. Por meio da aplicação de questionários a estudantes do ensino médio, foram levantados dados sobre frequência de uso, fatores que influenciam a escolha das ervas e percepções relacionadas à sua sustentabilidade, eficácia e papel cultural. Os resultados revelaram uma forte influência de saberes tradicionais, transmitidos predominantemente por redes familiares, destacando a relevância do custo e da facilidade de acesso como critérios principais para o uso das plantas. No entanto, lacunas como a ausência de consultas a profissionais de saúde e a percepção limitada sobre os riscos associados ao uso de ervas indicam a necessidade de ampliar a conscientização sobre segurança e contraindicações. A análise também revelou uma coexistência de práticas modernas e tradicionais, com muitas famílias utilizando ervas em conjunto com medicamentos convencionais. Além disso, embora as práticas culturais relacionadas às ervas sejam valorizadas, muitos participantes indicaram que tais tradições são pouco reconhecidas ou respeitadas pela sociedade. Esses achados reforçam a importância de integrar esses saberes ao ensino formal, especialmente na disciplina de Química, onde é possível explorar temas como a química dos compostos bioativos, interações medicamentosas e práticas sustentáveis de manejo. O artigo propõe que o ensino de Química pode atuar como uma ferramenta transformadora, promovendo uma educação inclusiva e antirracista ao valorizar os saberes ancestrais e sua interseção com a ciência. A inclusão de projetos interdisciplinares que conectem tradição e modernidade pode fortalecer a identidade cultural dos estudantes, ao mesmo tempo em que fomenta uma visão crítica e científica sobre o uso de ervas medicinais. Por fim, o estudo aponta para a necessidade de futuras pesquisas que aprofundem a relação entre práticas culturais e modernização, ampliando o diálogo entre ciência, cultura e sustentabilidade no ambiente escolar
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES E INCLUSÃO
Authors: QUEIROZ JOSÉ GUILHERME GOMES , MARTINS JAELSON MARQUES , LOPES JOSÉ RENATO GOMES , JACINTO AFONSO SERAFIM , SILVA JÚNIOR CARLOS ALBERTO DA
Published: December 2024

A educação é um direito fundamental para o desenvolvimento pleno do cidadão. No contexto do Ensino de Química, a inclusão na formação de professores enfrenta desafios, especialmente devido ao despreparo docente e, no caso de estudantes surdos, à falta de sinais-termo específicos na Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS). Diante dessa problemática, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a Metáfora da Bipirâmide Triangular (MBT) como uma ferramenta didática para subsidiar o planejamento de aulas potencialmente inclusivas no âmbito da formação de professores. Na MBT, o conhecimento químico é estruturado em cinco níveis de representação: simbólico, microscópico, macroscópico, elemento humano e inclusão. A pesquisa, de natureza quali-quantitativa, foi conduzida em três etapas: (1) aplicação de um pré-teste, (2) ministração de aulas sobre a MBT, nas quais onze licenciandos em Química prepararam suas propostas de aulas de forma colaborativa, e (3) aplicação de um pós-teste. Os resultados evidenciaram que a utilização da MBT estabeleceu condições favoráveis à elaboração de práticas pedagógicas mais acessíveis para ouvintes e surdos, demonstrando, por meio dos dados do pós-teste, que os estudantes mobilizaram seus conhecimentos para o desenvolvimento de aulas potencialmente inclusivas. Como perspectiva, é fundamental divulgar e discutir amplamente a MBT para promover o planejamento, a execução e a avaliação de abordagens inclusivas no Ensino de Química, enquanto refletimos criticamente sobre nossa formação como professores. A inclusão deve ser uma prioridade em nossa prática pedagógica.
ANSIEDADE E ALIMENTAÇÃO
Authors: SOUSA GIOVANA MARIA SILVA , SILVA JANICIARA BOTELHO , ROSA IRIANE DO NASCIMENTO
Published: December 2024

A ansiedade tem se tornado cada vez mais presente no cotidiano da população, e o aumento considerável dos números de casos vem alarmando a sociedade. As sensações de medo, descontrole e desconforto emocional provocados pela ansiedade têm interferido de forma extremamente negativa na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. O consumo em excesso de constituintes químicos presentes nos alimentos ingeridos diariamente na rotina dos ansiosos, ocasionado pelo pouco tempo livre e pelo estilo de vida acelerado, somados ao estresse diário de estudo e trabalho, consequentemente gera maus hábitos alimentares e esses hábitos podem interferir diretamente nos níveis de ansiedade, propiciando uma piora dos sintomas, dentre os mais comuns a falta de ar, distúrbios no sono e aceleração dos batimentos cardíacos. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo, identificar e discutir os constituintes químicos contidos nos alimentos consumidos no cotidiano que podem aumentar os níveis de ansiedade, como a cafeína, o açúcar (glicose) e o chocolate. Nesse sentido foi realizado uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva e realizado uma revisão integrativa da literatura, a fim de analisar os bancos de dados da Web of Science e Scopus buscando discussões científicas pertinetes que enfatizassem os mecanismos de ação de constituintes químicos dos alimentos relacionados à ansiedade. Foi possível constatar que a cafeína, ao antagonizar os receptores de adenosina, pode agravar os sintomas de ansiedade, assim como o consumo excessivo de açúcar que provoca resistência à insulina, prejudica a função cerebral e aumenta o risco de condições neurodegenerativas. E dependendo do tipo de chocolate consumido tem-se os dois fatores de agravamento (a cafeína e o açúcar) que podem agravar esses sintomas, pois, a conexão entre açúcar, inflamação e estresse oxidativo destaca potenciais impactos nos sintomas de ansiedade.
Studying of high pressure/deep formations based on rock mechanical properties evaluation
Authors: Bandar Muayad Khalaf , Al- Ameri Nagham Jasim
Published: December 2024

Geomechanics plays a significant role in all phases of an oil and gas field’s life cycle, from exploration to production and even beyond field abandonment. It has various applications in the petroleum industry, such as predicting safe mud window and determining the magnitude and direction of in-situ stresses. The objective of this study is to determine the magnitude and orientation of far-field stresses, identify fault types, estimate pore pressure, and evaluate mechanical properties for different formations by constructing a one-dimensional geomechanical model (1D-MEM) for a deep well in the Halfaya oilfield. This study utilizes open-hole log measurements, including density, sonic compression and shear wave velocities, gamma-ray, caliper, and bit size. The results from the model indicate that the Mishrif A, Mishrif B1, Mishrif B2, Mishrif C1, Mishrif C2, Mishrif C3, Mauddud, Nahr Umr B, Ahmadi, and Zubair formations exhibit normal faulting. On the other hand, the Nahr Umr A, Shuaiba, Ratawi, and Yamama formations show strike-slip faulting. The Rumaila formation, based on the magnitudes of the far-field stresses, appears to exhibit reverse faulting. Furthermore, the Yamama formation demonstrates abnormally high pore pressure, while other formations are considered natural pressure formations. In terms of rock properties, shale and sand formations have lower Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and UCS, whereas limestone formations have higher values. Moreover, limestone formations exhibit higher friction angles compared to sandstone and shale formations.
Examining the Relationship Between School Engagement and Learning Responsibility in Middle School Students
Authors: Arıyürek Ecem Ayça , Yurtseven Nihal
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between middle school students' levels of school engagement and their learning responsibilities. The study was conducted using the relational survey model, which is one of the quantitative research models. The sample of the study consisted of 353 middle school students selected through simple random sampling, one of the non-probability sampling methods. The data collection tools used in the study were a personal information form, School Engagement Scale, and Learning Responsibility Scale. Independent samples t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple linear regression techniques were used in the analysis of the collected data. In the study, it was found that both school engagement and learning responsibility levels of female students were significantly higher. When examining students' learning responsibility, it was found that seventh-grade students and students attending public schools had significantly higher levels of learning responsibility than other students. When examining the predictive power of school engagement on learning responsibility, it was found that the school engagement predicted learning responsibility by 64.9%.
Analysis of Türkiye Century Maarif Model Secondary School Mathematics Curriculum According to SOLO Taxonomy
Authors: Satmaz İsmail , Yabanova Ulaş
Published: December 2024

Educational programs are regularly updated to keep pace with social developments and scientific advancements. In this context, a new educational program called the Türkiye Century Maarif Model was introduced into the Turkish Education System in 2024. Taxonomic approaches are often employed in the development of educational programs; however, the specific taxonomic approach used in this program has not been disclosed. The aim of this study is to analyze the secondary school Mathematics Course outcomes of the Türkiye Century Maarif Model Educational Program using the SOLO taxonomy. The study utilized document analysis, a qualitative research method. The outcomes were analyzed according to the SOLO taxonomy using software developed by the researchers. The results of the analysis were then reported and discussed.
Early postoperative lumbar catheter severing in a lumboperitoneal shunt due to bite-off by the spinous processes following a fall on the buttocks: illustrative case
Authors: Munakata Ryoji , Horiuchi Kazuomi , Watanabe Zenichiro , Segawa Banri , Kobayashi Yuta , Kameno Rikiya , Onuki Akinori , Fujimori Daichi , Oinuma Masahiro , Watanabe Kazuo
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Rupture of the lumbar catheter in lumboperitoneal (LP) shunts is rare and typically occurs due to long-term mechanical stress. The authors describe an unusual case of early postoperative lumbar catheter severing after a fall on the buttocks.

OBSERVATIONS

A 78-year-old woman underwent LP shunt placement for communicating hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The lumbar catheter was inserted via a median approach, and the postoperative course was uneventful. However, 2 months after the LP shunt surgery, she accidentally fell on her buttocks in the hospital ward. Radiography showed a rupture of the lumbar catheter due to the shearing force caused by compression of the spinous processes from the impact of the fall.

LESSONS

In patients who have undergone catheter placement via a median approach, even within a short period after LP shunt placement, the lumbar catheter that has deteriorated due to “pinch-off” can rupture due to “bite-off” by the spinous processes following a fall on the buttocks.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24509
Continuous quantitative electroencephalography for early detection of acute low-pressure obstructive hydrocephalus in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: illustrative case
Authors: Wang Jing , Balu Ramani , Chitale Ameet , Waziri Allen , Altaweel Laith R.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is often associated with acute high-pressure hydrocephalus. Less commonly, an acute low-pressure hydrocephalus (ALPH) variant can develop and contribute to increased morbidity. ALPH is particularly challenging to diagnose and manage, as patients present with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) despite the absence of corroborating evidence from ICP measurements. Misdiagnosis or delayed recognition can result in increased morbidity.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors describe a patient with aSAH who developed neurological deterioration from ALPH. Despite normal ICP readings, the patient displayed symptoms of increased ICP. Significant electroencephalography (EEG) changes preceded the neurological deterioration by many hours. In addition, these EEG changes reversed with cerebrospinal fluid removal and eventual hydrocephalus resolution.

LESSONS

ALPH presents with paradoxical ICP dynamics, complicating its diagnosis. Careful monitoring, including EEG, can provide an early indication of neurological deterioration and guide timely intervention. This case underscores the importance of considering ALPH in patients with aSAH who show clinical worsening without corresponding increases in ICP. Tailoring management to address the atypical pressure dynamics is crucial for improving outcomes.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24612
Fuzarioze češnjaka
Authors: Petrović Elena , Vrandečić Karolina , Ćosić Jasenka , Godena Sara
Published: December 2024

Lukovi su biljne vrste koje pripadaju porodici Amaryllidaceae J.St.-Hil. i uzgajaju se zbog lukovice, poput češnjaka (Allium sativum L.), luka (Allium cepa L.) i ostalih manje poznatih vrsta. U Hrvatskoj je posljednjih godina zabilježen pad proizvodnje češnjaka, a kao razlozi navode se nepovoljni vremenski uvjeti i napadi uzročnika bolesti. Jedna od čestih bolesti je i fuzarioza češnjaka izazvana gljivama iz roda Fusarium. Među najčešćim uzročnicima navode se vrste Fusarium proliferatum (Matsush.) Nirenberg ex Gerlach & Nirenberg i F. oxysporum Schltdl. Simptomi pojave bolesti uključuju žućenje i uvijanje listova, pojavu smeđih udubljenja i trulež lukovica. Bolest predstavlja problem tijekom uzgoja, ali i skladištenja. Prenosi se putem zaraženog tla, biljnih ostataka i sadnog materijala. Iako u Hrvatskoj nije registriran niti jedan fungicid za tretiranje češnjaka protiv ove bolesti, istraživanja su pokazala da su kombinacije pojedinih fungicida te antagonistička gljiva Trichoderma spp. djelotvorni u suzbijanju Fusarium spp. na češnjaku. Unatoč izazovima, pridržavanje preventivnih mjera može pridonijeti smanjenju širenja fuzarioze. Ciljevi ovog rada bili su navesti uzročnika bolesti na prikupljenim uzorcima češnjaka u Poreču, opisati tipične simptome koji se pojavljuju na češnjaku tijekom zaraze, navesti načine prijenosa te mogućnosti kontrole bolesti.
Regionalna obilježja proizvodnje grožđa u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Prša Ivan , Cenbauer Darko , Grgić Ivo
Published: December 2024

U radu se istražuje regionalni aspekt proizvodnje grožđa na obiteljskim poljoprivrednim gospodarstvima u Republici Hrvatskoj. Hrvatska je zemljopisno i klimatsko-pedološki heterogeno proizvodno područje podijeljeno na četiri regije i 12 podregija. Ovakav pristup dobar je temelj za novu poljoprivrednu politiku koja odstupa od horizontalnih prema ciljanim mjerama. Autori istražuju geografski razmještaj proizvodnje grožđa po vinogradarskim regijama, podregijama i pripadajuća im vinogorja, koji sa svojim specifičnostima značajno utječu na proizvodnju grožđa, količinski i kakvonosno. Vinova loza (Vitis vinifera) jedna je od najznačajnijih poljoprivrednih kultura, ali i jedna od najrasprostranjenijih voćnih vrsta u Hrvatskoj, posebno na obiteljskim poljoprivrednim gospodarstvima. Istraživanje pokazuje da klimatske promjene, poput porasta prosječnih temperatura zraka, promjene u rasporedu i količini oborina te sve učestaliji ekstremi, uvelike utječu na vinogradarsku proizvodnju u svim vinogradarskim regijama Hrvatske. Poseban izazov za buduću proizvodnju biti će prosječno visoka dob nositelja obiteljskih poljoprivrednih gospodarstava, starosna struktura vinogradarskih nasada, negativne demografske promjene i velika konkurencija na tržištu. Buduća prilika vinogradarstva i vinarstva nudi se kroz promociju široke palete vina proizvedenih od autohtonih sorti vinove loze te jači razvoj ruralnog turizma.
Folijarna gnojidba soje
Authors: Gluhić David
Published: December 2024

Soja predstavlja važnu kulturu u ratarskoj proizvodnji u Hrvatskoj. Prosječno se uzgaja na 80.000 ha površine, uz prosječni prinos od 2,1-3,0 t/ha suhog zrna. Osim osnovne gnojidbe u tlo, za postizanje visokih i stabilnih prinosa, potrebno je primijeniti i folijarnu gnojidbu. U folijarnoj gnojidbi soje koriste se biostimulatori protiv stresnih uvjeta (poput visoke temperature ili suše ili kod primjene herbicida), fosfor i bor (prije cvatnje) te posebni mikroelementi, molibden (Mo) i kobalt (Co) koji su važni za razvoj kvržičnih bakterija na korijenu soje i bolju fiksaciju dušika. Pravilnom primjenom folijarnih gnojiva, može se osigurati visokih prinos soje i ostvariti dobar prihod u proizvodnji.
Koncentracija hlapljivih spojeva u vinu ‘Graševina’ različitih berbi
Authors: Jeromel Ana , Jagatić Korenika Ana-Marija , Karoglan Marko , Tomaz Ivana , Vasilj Matija
Published: December 2024

Graševina je prema površinama vinograda i količini proizvedenog vina najvažnija sorta vinove loze u Republici Hrvatskoj. Mali broj istraživanja obuhvatio je definiranje njezinog aromatskog profila te promjena vezanih uz duljinu dozrijevanja vina u boci koje može značajno utjecati na kemijski sastav te senzorna svojstva vina. Za potrebe izrade ovog rada korištena su vina ‘Graševina’ različitih berbi (2018., 2019., 2020., 2021. i 2022.). Cilj rada bio je utvrditi razlike u koncentraciji hlapljivih spojeva i senzornim svojstvima vina ‘Graševina’ različitih berbi i duljine dozrijevanja vina u boci. Osnovne fizikalno-kemijske analize vina provedene su primjenom Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spektrometrije, a analiza hlapljivih spojeva pomoću vezanog sustava plinske kromatografije – spektrometar masa. Vino ´Graševina´ 2018. izdvojilo se najvišim koncentracijama ukupnih terpena, C13-norizoprenoida te pojedinačnim spojevima poput dietil-sukcinata, dok su više koncentracije etilnih i acetatnih estera te viših alkohola utvrđene u vinima berbe 2021. i 2022. Utvrđene razlike u sastavu hlapljivih spojeva utjecale su i na senzorna svojstva istraživanih vina pri čemu se ‘Graševina’ 2018. izdvojila aromama sušenog voća i meda, a berba 2022. izraženim cvjetnim i voćnim aromama.
“Las plantitas van secando” (Extractivismos, discursos y conocimientos en el Antropoceno)
Authors: Mantiñán Luciano Martín
Published: December 2024

Este artículo se propone como una continuación de anteriores publicaciones en las cuales se investiga la cuestión de la explotación del litio en Argentina. En esta oportunidad, se centra en la reflexión acerca de los discursos que rodean la cuestión, así como en los conocimientos que los fundamentan. En un primer momento se establece una relación entre el Antropoceno, el desarrollo del capital y los extractivismos. Posteriormente, se enfoca en la cuestión del litio y los discursos y conocimientos que se pronuncian sobre el aprovechamiento de este, lejos de los territorios. Finalmente, se contrapone a dicha visión los discursos y conocimientos que se enraízan en los territorios y son esgrimidos por las comunidades. Se propone, a modo de conclusión, que tomar en consideración seria y profunda los saberes del territorio es una tarea irrenunciable para afrontar el Antropoceno y los graves problemas asociados con esta época.
Studi Pengaruh Pembebanan Terhadap Umur Transformator Daya #1 150/20 KV Pada Gardu Induk Teluk Lembu PT. PLN (Persero) UPT Pekanbaru
Authors: Saragih Dwi Ramona Diningsih , Situmeang Usaha , Zulfahri
Published: December 2024

Transformator daya merupakan peralatan penting pada sistem tenaga listrik khususnya pada penyaluran energi listrik. Penyaluran energi listrik keberadaannya sangat berpengaruh terhadap kontinuitas pelayanan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi umur pemakaian transformator adalah pembebanan yang dilayani oleh transformator tersebut dan suhu sekitar. Suhu rendah terlihat pada beban 70% dengan standar IEC No. 60076 (20˚ C)  keadaan siang sebesar 72,724  dan keadaan malam sebesar 71,032  dan suhu tinggi terlihat pada beban 100% dengan standar rata-rata suhu Indonesia (33˚ C)  dalam keadaan siang sebesar 94,024. Suhu Indonesia cukup ekstrim harus diseimbangi dengan pembebanan yang rendah agar transformator dapat bertahan lebih lama atau memiliki umur yang lebih panjang. Pembebanan transformator berpengaruh terhadap temperatur minyaknya. Semakin besar bebannya maka semakin tinggi temperaturnya dan semakin rendah kecil bebannya makan semakin rendah temperaturnya. Pembebanan oleh transformator dan suhu sekitar berpengaruh terhadap temperatur, semakin besar beban dan suhu sekitar maka semakin tinggi temperatur pada ransformator tersebut. Perkiraan umur transformator paling lama pada beban 70 % dengan standar IEC No. 60076 (20˚ C)  keadaan siang lama pemakaian 8,3 tahun dan keadaan malam 11,7 tahun. Apabila ternyata transformator tidak bisa bekerja dengan beban 70% maka dari itu bisa menerima beban 80% agar menjaga transformator memiliki umur yang lebih panjang. Berdasarkan validasi menggunakan metoda Fuzzy Logic Pada beban 70% prediksi umur 8,3 tahun sedangkan untuk prediksi umur paling buruk pada beban 100% sebesar 4,8 tahun.
Kata Kunci : Beban, Life Time, temperatur, transformator, fuzzy logic.
Current knowledge of base editing and prime editing
Authors: Averina O. A. , Kuznetsova S. A. , Permyakov O. A. , Sergiev P. V.
Published: December 2024

Modern genetic engineering technologies, such as base editing (BE) and prime editing (PE), have proven to be effective and reliable genome editing tools that do not require the introduction of double-strand breaks in DNA and the presence of donor templates. Relatively new, they quickly gained recognition for their accuracy, simplicity and multiplexing capabilities. This review summarizes new literature on these technologies: architecture and methods for creating editors, specificity, efficiency and versatility. The advantages, disadvantages and prospects for using these editors in basic and applied research are discussed. The information presented in the review may be useful for planning genome editing studies and for analyzing their results when solving various problems in fundamental biology, biotechnology, medicine and agriculture.
How to shift the equilibrium of dna break repair in favor of homology recombination
Authors: Averina O. A. , Kuznetsova S. A. , Permyakov O. A. , Sergiev P. V.
Published: December 2024

With the practical implementation of the CRISPR/Cas technology for targeted genome editing, it has become possible to carry out genetic engineering manipulations with eukaryotic genomes with high efficiency. One of the key stages of this technology is the targeted induction of site-specific DNA cleavages (breaks). The cell repairs these breaks via one of two pathways: nonhomologous end joining or homologous recombination. The choice of DNA repair pathway is determined by the architecture of the sites at the DNA break area formed as a result of terminal resection and depends on the phases of the cell cycle. Nonhomologous end joining is the main pathway for repair of double-stranded DNA breaks in mammalian cells. It involves a nonspecific ligation reaction, the accuracy of which depends on the structure of the ends of the break, and can result in various insertions or deletions in the target region of the genome. Integration of the desired sequence into the genome occurs along the path of homologous recombination, the implementation of which requires a matrix with homology regions on both sides of the double-strand break. The introduction of a genetic construct into a given location in the genome is an important, but currently complex and labor-intensive task. At the same time, for fundamental studies of gene function and the creation of animal models of human diseases, the choice of the repair pathway can be of fundamental importance. This review is an attempt to combine and structure all known information on approaches to increasing the efficiency of DNA repair involving homologous recombination. The article lists the most effective strategies to shift the balance towards homologous repair, such as the use of inhibitors of the non-homologous end joining mechanism, regulation of key factors of homologous recombination, control of the cell cycle, chromatin status, construction of templates for homologous recombination.
The Drosophila Zinc Finger Proteins Aef1 and Cg10543 Are Co-Localized with SAGA, SWI/SNF and ORC Complexes on Gene Promoters and Involved in Transcription Regulation
Authors: Nikolenko J. V. , Kurshakova M. M. , Kopytova D. V. , Vdovina Y. A. , Vorobyova N. E. , Krasnov A. N.
Published: December 2024

In previous studies, we purified the DUB-module of the Drosophila SAGA complex and showed that a number of zinc proteins interact with it, including Aef1 and CG10543. In this work, we conducted a genome-wide study of the Aef1 and CG10543 proteins and showed that they are localized predominantly on the promoters of active genes. The binding sites of these proteins colocalize with the SAGA and dSWI/SNF chromatin modification and remodeling complexes, as well as with the ORC replication complex. It has been shown that the Aef1 and CG10543 proteins are involved in the regulation of the expression of some genes on the promoters of which they are located. Thus, the Aef1 and CG10543 proteins are new participants in the cell transcriptional network and colocalize with the main transcription and replication complexes of Drosophila.
NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE IONIZATION EQUATIONS BY STEP FRACTIONS
Authors: Gavrikov M. B , Tayursky A. A
Published: December 2024

The fractional steps method is applied to solve electron-ion plasma ionization equations involving neutrals, with a focus on processes in stationary plasma thrusters (SPT). The approach is based on splitting by physical processes: plasma evolution is represented as a superposition of pure transport in an external field in phase space followed by ionization. The particle-in-cell method is used for calculating transport. In the case of planar symmetry, the ionization process is calculated using explicit analytical formulas. The derived formulas of the fractional steps method are compared with the numerical solution of the plasma evolution equation through a well-known physical ionization model.
FREE BOUNDARY METHOD FOR COUPLED PROBLEMS OF GAS AND SOLID DYNAMICS
Authors: Menshov I. S
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a new approach to numerical modeling of gas flow around stationary and moving rigid bodies, allowing for the use of Eulerian grids that are not tied to the geometry of the body. The bodies are assumed to be absolutely rigid and undeformable, with their elastic properties disregarded. The gas is inviscid and non-heat-conducting, described by compressible fluid equations. The proposed approach is based on averaging the equations of the original model over a small spatial filter. This results in a system of averaged equations that includes an additional quantity — the solid volume fraction parameter — whose spatial distribution digitally represents the geometry of the body (analogous to an order function). This system of equations operates across the entire space. Under this approach, the standard boundaryvalue problem within the gas region is effectively reduced to a Cauchy problem over the entire space. For a one-dimensional model, the numerical solution of the averaged equations is considered using Godunov’s method. In intersected cells, a discontinuous solution is introduced, leading to a compound Riemann problem that describes the decay of the initial discontinuity in the presence of a confining wall. It is shown that the approximation of the numerical flux for the compound Riemann problem solution ensures transport of the order function without numerical dissipation.
CONSTRUCTION OF SOLUTIONS WITH NEGATIVE EXPONENTS OF A DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM IN THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL ANTI-PERRON EFFECT UNDER HIGHER-ORDER PERTURBATIONS
Authors: Izobov N. A. , Il’in A. V.
Published: December 2024

The two-dimensional anti-Perron effect of changing all positive characteristic exponents of the linear approximation to four different negative exponents, respectively, of four non-trivial solutions of a differential system with a perturbation of higher order of smallness, has been realized.
Polysulfone-Based Anion-exchange Membranes for Alkaline Water Electrolyzers
Authors: Kuleshov V. N. , Kuleshov N. V. , Kurochkin S. V. , Gavrilyuk A. A. , Klimova M. A. , Grigorieva O. Yu.
Published: December 2024

By the method of chloromethylation and further quaternization of polysulfone, the synthesis of an anion-exchange membrane for electrolyzers of water with an alkaline electrolyte was carried out. The characteristics of the resulting membrane are determined: porosity, electrical conductivity, gas density. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of the membrane and the porous diaphragm (analog of ZifronPerl) is given, the results of tests in the composition of an alkaline electrolyzer battery in comparison with a porous diaphragm based on unmodified polysulfone with hydrophilic filler (TiO2) synthesized by phase inversion are presented. A possible mechanism of degradation of the main chain of quaternized polysulfone is described. The ways of further development of the technology of anion-exchange membranes based on polysulfone are proposed.
ON THE STABILITY OF STRICT EQUILIBRIUM OF PLASMA IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF MAGNETIC TRAPS
Authors: Brushlinskii K. V. , Kriuchenkov V. V. , Stepin E. V.
Published: December 2024

The article presents an analysis of instabilities known from previous works in a two-dimensional mathematical model of plasma configuration equilibrium using the example of a toroidal magnetic trap “Galatea–Belt” straightened into a cylinder and possessing plane symmetry. It is established that the previously observed large values of the two-dimensional velocity of disturbances in the plane of the cylinder cross-section arise on the periphery of the configuration near its conventional boundary, do not grow with time, and are due to arbitrarily small values of density, which is not determined by the idealized model of strict equilibrium. By varying the density, it is possible to influence stability. Three-dimensional (corrugated along the axis of the cylinder) disturbances grow with time in accordance with the traditional Lyapunov instability. Calculations allow us to determine the dependence of its quantitative characteristics on the problem parameters.