bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why We Need the Demonic: A Phenomenological Analysis of Negative Religious Experience
Authors: Nelson James M. , Koetke Jonah
Published: December 2018

An enduring feature of Christian religious life has been the experience of the demonic. This experience can be found in the New Testament, most obviously in reported encounters with demons, but more centrally in the language of spiritual warfare that pervades much of the Pauline literature. In the Patristic period, these ideas were cemented in the Christian tradition in the writings of the Desert Fathers. A phenomenological understanding of experience holds that percepts have qualities that are inherently given as part of the experience, and that these qualities can be observed through the use of phenomenological concepts. An examination of the writings of the Desert Fathers suggests that one inherent quality of some religious experiences is their externality. Thoughts or feelings within the person are perceived as having an external source, and external threats can take on an embodied quality in perception, as in visions of demonic beings. These experiences have their initial constitution in an Otherness centered in the body. On reflection, it is not surprising that we would find a quality of externality in religious experience. Religion and spirituality deal with our relationship to the broader world around us. Recent phenomenological writings by Levinas and Marion have begun to recover the importance of externality, however, they neglect aspects of demonic experiences such as their negative valence. Critics of the demonic have tried hard to expel the idea from Western consciousness, pointing to tragic experiences in early modern history and the apparent need to posit the existence of immaterial entities. However, a careful phenomenological and historical analysis casts serious doubt on this modernist picture. The abandonment of the demonic in much of Christian religious thought and practice carries negative consequences, as it invalidates the external quality of many difficult religious experiences. A recovery of the concept of the demonic would help us better understand the phenomenology of religious life.
Die (Un)Möglichkeit allgemeiner Gütekriterien in der Qualitativen Forschung – Replik auf den Diskussionsanstoß zu „Gütekriterien qualitativer Forschung“ von Jörg Strübing, Stefan Hirschauer, Ruth Ayaß, Uwe Krähnke und Thomas Scheffer
Authors: Eisewicht Paul , Grenz Tilo
Published: December 2018

Der Text ist eine Replik auf den Diskussionsanstoß zu Gütekriterien Qualitativer Forschung von Jörg Strübing et al. (2018). Die kritische Auseinandersetzung wird entlang dreier Hauptpunkte entwickelt: a) der Rezeption des Forschungsstandes, aus dem sich Anforderungen an Gütekriterien ableiten, die in dem von Strübing et al. vorgelegten Vorschlag unberücksichtigt geblieben sind; b) der Problematik der heutigen Vielfalt qualitativer Ansätze, die im Text nicht eingeholt wird; c) der Anwendungsanforderungen an Gütekriterien, die im Text durch auslegungsbedürftige Überbegriffe problematisch werden. Mit Blick auf die Kritik und den Forschungsstand stellt sich die Frage, ob überhaupt und wenn wie adäquat ansatzübergreifende Gütekriterien für die Qualitative Forschung formuliert werden können. Wir schließen daher mit einer Überlegung zu Möglichkeiten ansatzübergreifender Kriterien und plädieren für ‚rhetorisch-performierende‘ anstelle ‚paradigmatisch-operationalisierender‘ Kriterien.
Na3Sm(PO4)2: (3+1)-dimensional commensurately modulated structure model and photoluminescence properties
Authors: Zhang Rui-Juan , Zhao Dan , Zhong Qiu , Xue Ya-Li , Huang Guang-Xu
Published: December 2018

For the first time, we determined the detailed crystal structure of Na3Sm(PO4)2 using single crystal X-ray diffraction and established the commensurately modulated structure model using the superspace formalism. The structure adopts a (3+1)-dimensional superspace group Pca21(0β0)000 with the modulation vector q=1/3b*. At the same time, the photoluminescent properties of Na3Sm(PO4)2 sintered at different temperatures between 800 and 1200°C were studied. Under near-UV excitation (402 nm), Na3Sm(PO4)2 shows intense characteristic emission bands of Sm3+ (561, 596, 642 nm) with the CIE coordinate of (0.5709, 0.4282), corresponding to orange color. The excitation spectrum covers a wide range from 350 nm to 470 nm, which indicates that Na3Sm(PO4)2 can be efficiently activated by near-UV or visuable LED ship.
The symmetry origin of the austenite-cementite orientation relationships in steels
Authors: Kraposhin Valentin , Talis Alexander , Simich-Lafitskiy Nenad
Published: December 2018

The connection between austenite/cementite orientation relationships and crystal structure of both phases has been established. The nucleus formation mechanism at the mutual transformation of austenite and cementite structures has been proposed. Mechanism is based on the interpretation of the considered structures as crystallographic tiling onto triangulated polyhedra, and the said tiling can be transformed by diagonal flipping in a rhombus consisting of two adjacent triangular faces. The sequence of diagonal flipping in the fragment of the initial crystal determines the orientation of the fragment of the final crystal relative to the initial crystal. In case of the mutual austenite/cementite transformation the mutual orientation of the initial and final fragments is coinciding to the experimentally observed in steels Thomson-Howell orientation relationships:

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The observed orientation relationship between FCC austenite and cementite is determined by crystallographic group-subgroup relationship between transformation participants, and non-crystallographic symmetry which is determining the transformation of triangulated clusters of transformation participants.
Determination of the charge of Al13 Keggin oligocations intercalated into synthetic hectorite
Authors: Schöttle Marius , Schuchardt Dominik , Edenharter Andreas , Koch Sebastian , Senker Jürgen , Breu Josef
Published: December 2018

Applying a nematic liquid crystalline phase of a synthetic Na-hectorite with layer separations >100 nm, the reaction time for pillaring with Al13 Keggin oligocation could be reduced to seconds ensuring that cation exchange is controlled by thermodynamics. With this material at hand we are able to resolve the long-standing dispute regarding the charge of intercalated Keggin oligocations. Micropore sizes as determined by physisorption isotherms, adsorption isotherms obtained via elemental analysis, and results of 27Al solid-state NMR and pyridine probe IR spectroscopy favor a charge of +7 for the Al13 pillars intercalated into hectorite unaltered.
RhSn3 and the Modifications of RhSn4 – Structure and 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopic characterization
Authors: Fickenscher Thomas , Lösel Stefan , Hillebrecht Harald , Kösters Jutta , Block Theresa , Heymann Gunter , Huppertz Hubert , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: December 2018

Single crystals of the high-temperature modification of RhSn4 were obtained from a tin flux (1:20 molar ratio; final annealing at 920 K; dissolution of the tin matrix in 2N HCl). The structure was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: I41/acd, a=629.73(5), c=2288.36(18) pm, wR2=0.0382, 447 F
2 values and 14 variables. β-RhSn4 is isotypic with β-IrSn4. The rhodium atoms have slightly distorted square-antiprismatic tin coordination with Rh–Sn distances of 4×273.4 and 4×274.1 pm. The RhSn8 units are condensed via common edges to layers that are staggered with respect to each other and stacked in ABCD sequence. A 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopic characterization of ß-RhSn4 and the stannides RhSn3 and α-RhSn4 shows the typical isomer shifts for transition metal stannides. Only for α-RhSn4 the three crystallographically independent tin sites could be resolved, a consequence of the different s-electron density. Treatment of α-RhSn4 under high-pressure (up to 10 GPa)/high-temperature (up to T=1370 K) conditions leads to decomposition into Rh1.5Sn, RhSn2 and β-Sn.
Student reviewers of teaching practice: Reflections on the design & experience of participants
Authors: Marie Jenny , Hansen Jesper , Hazen Melissa , Irarrazabel Elliott Manuela , Piccoli Giacomo , Thorogood Joe
Published: December 2018

This case study focuses on the benefits and challenges of students and staff working in partnership to review virtual learning environments as part of a wider review of an academic course. The paper considers how it enables a more rounded view of the course to be gained and how students identified possible enhancements to online sites in their own departments from the experience. Most issues raised by students related to the organization of the sites, with differences between students and staff in both the approach they thought should be taken to this and the importance placed upon it. These different perspectives make dialogue and respect very important in this area of student-staff partnership.
Enacting student partnership as though we really mean it: Some Freirean principles for a pedagogy of partnership
Authors: Peters John , Mathias Leoarna
Published: December 2018

The idea of student-staff partnership working is becoming increasingly popular in higher education. However, there is a risk that, as the idea spreads, the radical nature of partnership working can be diluted and domesticated by established power structures. This article explores the theoretical and practical implications of adopting approaches to partnership working informed by the ideas of Paulo Freire. This is partnership working with a political point—consciously seeking to resist the forces of neoliberalism and any attempts to domesticate partnership to that paradigm. Instead, a pedagogy of partnership, informed by Freire, is juxtaposed with neoliberal domesticated partnership, and six principles are offered for enacting partnership as though we really mean it.
Centrifuge Modeling of Geogrid-Reinforced and Rammed Soil-Cement Column-Supported Embankment on Soft Soil
Authors: Cui Wei , Xiao Ming
Published: December 2018

Rammed soil-cement column (RSCC) is a relatively new technology for soft ground improvement. Its properties and construction are different from traditional soil-cement column. The reinforcement mechanism and the effectiveness of RSCC, especially combined with geogrid reinforcement at the bottom of an embankment, are not well understood. In this study, four centrifuge model tests were conducted to investigate the behavior and reinforcement mechanism of geogrid-reinforced, rammed soil-cement column-supported embankments. Displacements, stress concentration ratios, and failure modes of such embankments were obtained in the tests. The test results indicate that RSCC can effectively reduce total and differential settlements and increase global and local stability of embankment on soft ground. Geogrid can reduce the lateral displacement of embankment and facilitate load transfer from the soil to the columns; this reduces the potential of soil yielding and improves the stability of the embankment. Without RSCCs, sliding failure can occur in embankment with or without geogrid reinforcement beneath the embankment. The shear sliding can be circular or noncircular.
Self-Sharpening of Tools with Unilateral Braze Coating Fabricated Using WC- and Ni-Based Alloys
Authors: Ma Bojiang , Song Qi , Bu Fanning , Wang Xianxian , Cao Tongkun
Published: December 2018

Tools such as agricultural grass cutters, stubble blades, machetes, and grain crushing knives can become passivated gradually during use without self-sharpening. To resolve this problem, a composite coating of a Ni-based alloy and tungsten carbide (WC) was brazed onto the unilateral surface of 45 steel tools. To ensure that the unilateral coating tool can self-sharpen, different heat treatments were tested that can change the microstructure of the substrate. This makes it possible to regulate the wear resistance on both sides of the tool. Previous research shows that multiple phases can coexist at the interface between WC and Ni-based brazing alloys. These can decrease the initial melting temperature and the finishing melting temperature of the coating by 30.7°C and 49°C, respectively. A quantitative wear test of the tool indicates that the material-removal rate of the coating and the substrate is inversely proportional to its hardness. As a result, the optimal coating thickness can be estimated using the material-removal rate, i.e., the wear. A plowing simulation in gravel shows that after long-time usage (for example, 100 h), the tool, which was treated with quenching/tempering, is very good at self-sharpening. Moreover, the shortening in the direction of the symmetry line of the tool is small. The aim of the study is to improve both self-sharpening and service life of the tools.
Whole Genome Sequencing,de NovoAssembly and Phenotypic Profiling for the New Budding Yeast SpeciesSaccharomyces jurei
Authors: Naseeb Samina , Alsammar Haya , Burgis Tim , Donaldson Ian , Knyazev Norman , Knight Christopher , Delneri Daniela
Published: December 2018

Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex consist of yeast species, which are not only important in the fermentation industry but are also model systems for genomic and ecological analysis. Here, we present the complete genome assemblies of Saccharomyces jurei, a newly discovered Saccharomyces sensu stricto species from high altitude oaks. Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis revealed that S. jurei is more closely related to S. mikatae, than S. cerevisiae, and S. paradoxus. The karyotype of S. jurei presents two reciprocal chromosomal translocations between chromosome VI/VII and I/XIII when compared to the S. cerevisiae genome. Interestingly, while the rearrangement I/XIII is unique to S. jurei, the other is in common with S. mikatae strain IFO1815, suggesting shared evolutionary history of this species after the split between S. cerevisiae and S. mikatae. The number of Ty elements differed in the new species, with a higher number of Ty elements present in S. jurei than in S. cerevisiae. Phenotypically, the S. jurei strain NCYC 3962 has relatively higher fitness than the other strain NCYC 3947T under most of the environmental stress conditions tested and showed remarkably increased fitness in higher concentration of acetic acid compared to the other sensu stricto species. Both strains were found to be better adapted to lower temperatures compared to S. cerevisiae.
PLANTAS EMERGENTES Y FLOTANTES EN LA DIETA DEL MANATÍ (FAMILIA: TRICHECHIDAE: TRICHECHUS MANATUS) EN EL CARIBE DE COSTA RICA
Authors: Gómez Lépiz Alexander
Published: December 2018

Para determinar la dieta del manatí y cuantificar el uso y la disponibilidad de las plantas contenidas en su dieta, se realizaron recorridos sobre diferentes sectores del Parque Nacional Tortuguero, en la búsqueda de rastros de alimentación dejados por los manatíes. En los sitios de ramoneo recientes, la proporción de plantas se cuantificó a través de un análisis con los porcentajes de las plantas encontradas en los sitios de alimentación (uso) y sobre las áreas muestreadas alrededor de estos (disponibilidad). Se pudo determinar que dos especies de pastos: gamalote (Paspalum repens) y pará (Urochloa mutica), son las plantas que principalmente selecciona el manatí para su consumo. La presente investigación ha permitido cuantificar la forma en que el manatí consume los recursos alimenticios en la zona, esto ha sido la base para otras investigaciones que requieren de información sobre los elementos de la dieta para el cebado como técnica de captura, también se están implementando propuestas de sitios sensibles para la conservación de manatíes con base en la distribución de las plantas que este animal consume en la zona.Trips were conducted on different sectors of the Tortuguero National Park in search of traces of food left by the manatees to determine their diet and quantify the use and availability of plants contained in their diet,. In recent browsing sites the proportion of plants was quantified by analyzing the percentages of the plants found in the feeding sites (use) and sampled areas around them (availability). It was determined that two grass species: gamalote (Paspalum repens) and (Urochloa mutica) are plants that the manatees primarily selected for consumption. The present study permitted to determine how the manatee consumes food resources in the area.  This has been the basis for other research requiring information on dietary factors.  There are also other proposals being implemented for baiting and capture techniques in sensitive sites for the conservation of manatees, based on the distribution of the plants that the animals consume  in the area.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CORAL COMMUNITIES AND REEFS OF TWO PREVIOUSLY UNDESCRIBED LOCATIONS IN THE UPWELLING REGION OF GULF OF PAPAGAYO (COSTA RICA)
Authors: Jiménez Carlos , Bassey Giovanni , Segura Álvaro , Cortés Jorge
Published: December 2018

In the seasonal upwelling region of Gulf of Papagayo (Northern Pacific coast of Costa Rica), we evaluated and described two previously poorly known coral habitats, Punta Cacique and Bahía Guacamaya. Both localities differed in the extent of the frame-building coral communities and their composition. While Bahía Guacamaya and Punta Cacique had a similar number of coral species (16), live coral cover percent was higher in the coral reefs (ca. 50% vs. 90%) and coral communities (ca. 40% vs. 50%) of the latter. At both localities, branching species (Pocillopora spp.) contributed more as a group to the live coral cover than massive and encrusting corals. Bahía Guacamaya has the largest colonies found so far of two coral species (Pocillopora eydouxi and Pocillopora meandrina) with a limited distribution in Costa Rica. Using long-term records of environmental data, we characterized the seasonality of the upwelling and the dry and rainy seasons that partially explained the low suspension sediment loads and fresh water discharge into Papagayo’s coral habitats. The results of our study are important due to the rapid development of the coastal zone of Papagayo and because only a fraction of the littoral has been systematically surveyed. Therefore, we call for more studies that aim to produce baseline data of coral habitats in the area.En la región de afloramiento estacional del Golfo de Papagayo (Costa Rica), se evaluaron dos ambientes coralinos que nunca antes habían sido estudiados: Punta Cacique y Bahía Guacamaya. En ambas localidades, la extensión y la composición de las comunidades coralinas constructoras de la estructura arrecifal fueron diferentes. En tanto que el número de especies coralinas (16) fue similar en ambas localidades, el porcentaje de cobertura de coral vivo fue mayor en los arrecifes (apróximamente 50% vs. 90%) y las comunidades (aproximadamente 40% vs. 50%) coralinas de Punta Cacique. En ambos sitios, las especies de corales ramificados (Pocillopora spp.) como grupo contribuyeron más a la cobertura de coral vivo que otras formas (masivas e incrustantes).  La Bahía Guacamaya tiene las colonias más grandes encontradas hasta el momento en Costa Rica de dos especies de distribución limitada (Pocillopora eydouxi y Pocillopora meandrina). Se utilizaron series temporales extensas de datos ambientales para caracterizar la estacionalidad del afloramiento y la estación seca y la lluviosa. Estos dos factores explican parcialmente la poca sedimentación y descarga de agua dulce en los ambientes coralinos de Papagayo. Los resultados de nuestro estudio son importantes dado que apenas una pequeña fracción de la costa de Papagayo ha sido estudiada sistemáticamente a pesar del rápido desarrollo costero que ocurre en el área. Por lo tanto, resaltamos la necesidad de realizar más estudios, con el fin de obtener datos de línea base de los ambientes coralinos del área.
Positive Predictive Value of Administrative Data for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Maalouf Faouzi I. , Cooper William O. , Stratton Shannon M. , Dudley Judith A. , Ko Jean , Banerji Anamika , Patrick Stephen W.
Published: December 2018

OBJECTIVES:

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a postnatal withdrawal syndrome experienced by some infants with opioid exposure. Hospital administrative data are commonly used for research and surveillance but have not been validated for NAS. Our objectives for this study were to validate the diagnostic codes for NAS and to develop an algorithm to optimize identification.

METHODS:

Tennessee Medicaid claims from 2009 to 2011 (primary sample) and 2016 (secondary sample; post–International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-10-CM]) were obtained. Cases of NAS were identified by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code (2009–2011) 779.5 and ICD-10-CM code (2016) P96.1. Medical record review cases were then conducted by 2 physicians using a standardized algorithm, and positive predictive value (PPV) was calculated. Algorithms were developed for optimizing the identification of NAS in administrative data.

RESULTS:

In our primary sample of 112 029 mother-infant dyads, 950 potential NAS cases were identified from Medicaid claims data and reviewed. Among reviewed records, 863 were confirmed as having NAS (including 628 [66.1%] cases identified as NAS requiring pharmacotherapy, 224 [23.5%] as NAS not requiring pharmacotherapy, and 11 [1.2%] as iatrogenic NAS), and 87 (9.2%) did not meet clinical criteria for NAS. The PPV of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code for NAS in clinically confirmed NAS was 91% (95% confidence interval: 88.8%–92.5%). Similarly, the PPV for the ICD-10-CM code in the secondary sample was 98.2% (95% confidence interval: 95.4%–99.2%). Algorithms using elements from the Medicaid claims and from length of stay improved PPV.

CONCLUSIONS:

In a large population-based cohort of Medicaid participants, hospital administrative data had a high PPV in identifying cases of clinically diagnosed NAS.
A negatív érzelmek és a szív- és érrendszeri betegségek összefüggései
Authors: Balog Piroska
Published: December 2018

Abstract:

With regard to cardiovascular health, the role of negative emotions, particularly that of depression, anxiety, vital exhaustion and hostility has been studied the most widely. Mainly the somatic symptoms of depression and, out of anxiety disorders, generalised anxiety and panic disorder have been linked to cardiovascular diseases. Based on an analysis of interviews of patients having suffered myocardial infarction, it was found that vital exhaustion (a combination of loss of energy, increased irritability, and general demoralization) is a precursor of infarction. Vital exhaustion has proven to contribute to the development of coronary heart diseases, being one of the most important risk factors in both sexes. With regard to hostility, studies show that anger suppression and destructive anger expression (blaming others) are closely linked to a higher incidence of coronary heart diseases. Evidence shows that the relationship between negative emotions and cardiovascular diseases is one of a two-way causality, that is, the presence of a cardiovascular disease may also enhance negative emotions, low heart rate variability playing a crucial role in both diseases. This study also presents interview questions suggested by the European Guidelines (2016) to estimate negative emotions related to coronary heart diseases. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(48): 2005–2010.
METODE KRITIK MATAN HADIS MISOGINIS MENURUT FATIMAH MERNISSI
Authors: Dadah Dadah
Published: December 2018

Discourse on gender has never been quietly discussed both among academics, politicians, and in people's daily lives. In the development of the current discussion about gender has involved Islamic thinkers to explore the repertoire of Islamic thought to see the existence of gender discourse in Islam. This condition is inseparable from claims that Islamic teachings are not gender sensitive, and even tend to reduce women, especially when a handful of people talk about the existence of women in the public sphere which is constrained by restrictions on women's movement to gain access in education, social and political fields. Fatimah Mernissi, when analyzing the religious texts already in the yellow book, especially the hadiths of the Prophet. and the narrators who later came up with a new term, namely "Misogynist Hadith" or hadith which hated women. Fatimah Mernissi had been critical, even to the figure of Imam Bukhari's caliber who was highly recognized for his credibility and authority, as well as for several friends of the Messenger of Allah. therefore, this critical attitude should not stop here, and not even bring taqlid attitude. This paper will show the method of criticizing misogynist hadith according to Mernissi.
Hypermedia on peripheral venipuncture: effectiveness in teaching nursing students
Authors: Frota Natasha Marques , Galindo Neto Nelson Miguel , Barros Lívia Moreira , Pereira Francisco Gilberto Fernandes , Melo Geórgia Alcântara Alencar , Caetano Joselany Áfio
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the effectiveness of an educational hypermedia in the knowledge of Nursing academics on peripheral venipuncture. Method: Quasi-experimental study with pre and post-test design. Results: The mean number of right answers of the 73 individuals who participated in the study, in the pre-test, was 7.7 (DP = 1.05), and 8.3 in the post-test (DP = 0.74). The comparation of pre and post hypermedia mean number of right answers showed significant difference (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Hypermedia is a strategy that increases knowledge and is feasible in the teaching-learning process, being useful as a support tool for teachers and for the development of undergraduate Nursing students.
Validation in grounded theory: conversation circles as a methodological strategy
Authors: Adamy Edlamar Kátia , Zocche Denise Antunes de Azambuja , Vendruscolo Carine , Santos José Luis Guedes dos , Almeida Miriam de Abreu
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To present the validation of a theoretical model through conversation circles in a qualitative research guided by the Grounded Theory. Method: Study carried out from a thesis developed in a reference hospital in the south region of Brazil. Two conversation circles happened, with participation of representatives of the “Training Prism”, in the months of October and November, 2016. Results: The conversation circle enabled an in depth dialogic approach of the subject of research, broadening the vision on the phenomenon and on the research. The circle also mobilized thinking as it highlighted the subjectivity of individuals, expanding the group’s ability of understanding and assisting in the validation process of a theoretical model. Conclusion: The conversation circle emerges as a powerful strategy for the development of qualitative research in nursing, more specifically in the validation step of the Grounded Theory.
Predictive factors of the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding in premature infants: a prospective cohort
Authors: Luz Lucyana Silva , Minamisava Ruth , Scochi Carmen Gracinda Silvan , Salge Ana Karina Marques , Ribeiro Laiane Medeiros , Castral Thaíla Corrêa
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the incidence of exclusive breastfeeding and the risk factors associated to its interruption in premature infants after hospital discharge. Method: this is a prospective cohort with 113 premature infants in a neonatal unit, whom were followed-up from 7 to 15 days after hospital discharge. The outcome was the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding. Maternal and neonatal exposure variables were evaluated by a regression model and described by the confidence interval (95%) and risk ratio. Results: exclusive breastfeeding rate was 81.4% at discharge and 66.4% at 7 to 15 days after discharge. Double gestation, time of mechanical ventilation and birth weight were associated with higher risks of interruption of exclusive breastfeeding after discharge. Conclusion: there is a need for the implementation of actions that promote the early onset and maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding of premature infants.
The body marked by the arteriovenous fistula: a phenomenological point of view
Authors: Silva Dejanilton Melo da , Silva Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade , Pereira Eliane Ramos , Ferreira Helen Campos , Alcantara Vanessa Carine Gil de , Oliveira Fabiana da Silva
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the experience of people with chronic kidney disease using arteriovenous fistula. Method: Qualitative and exploratory study based on Social Phenomenology, conducted on 30 adults undergoing hemodialysis by using the fistula, interviewed in 2017. The interviews were analyzed according to the empirical-comprehensive model proposed by Amedeo Giorgi. Results: We found the categories “The changed body aesthetics”; “The perception of the other about my body”; and “The fistula as an inseparable condition for life maintenance.” Final considerations: The experience of people using fistula showed that this venous access leaves marks that change the body aesthetics, making the body imperfect. Such changes cause low self-esteem and attract the look of the other, causing embarrassment in those who have the body changed. Thus, they react by camouflaging the fistula, without which there is no life. This perception arises from the fear that works as a catalyst for self-care.
Adductor Pollicis Muscle Thickness for nutritional assessment: a systematic review
Authors: Pereira Priscila Moreira de Lima , Neves Felipe Silva , Bastos Marcus Gomes , Cândido Ana Paula Carlos
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to systematically review the scientific findings about the efficacy of the measure of the Adductor Pollicis Muscle Thickness for nutritional assessment of individuals in various clinical conditions. Method: Systematic review study performed according to the methodology Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: 13 original articles published between 2004 and 2016 were included. The measure was associated/correlated to parameters of nutritional status (such as weight, body mass index and Global Subjective Assessment) and muscle mass markers (such as circumference brachial muscle circumference, brachial muscle area, calf circumference, and muscle mass). All these correlations were weak or moderate. Conclusion: The measurement can be used in different populations, being able to estimate nutritional status and muscle mass. However, it is suggested that it be used in a complementary way to the nutritional evaluation, not constituting a single diagnostic/monitoring parameter.
Mineral nutrition evolution in the formation of fruit tree rootstocks and seedlings
Authors: Natale William , Lima Neto Antonio João de , Rozane Danilo Eduardo , Parent Léon Etienne , Corrêa Márcio Cleber de Medeiros
Published: December 2018

Abstract The importance of mineral nutrition to the various plant species has been recognized for many years. Since nutrients are directly linked to physiological and metabolic processes, they promote the growth of rootstocks and seedlings, contributing to the formation of more productive orchards. As a consequence of the lack of technical information for most fruit trees, fertilization in nurseries has still been carried out empirically, sometimes underestimating or overestimating nutritional requirements and compromising the quality of plants produced. Given the importance of mineral nutrition in the formation of high-quality seedlings and the lack of scientific information on the topic, the aim of the present review was to raise interest in further research, and contribute to produce nutritionally balanced fruit seedlings.
Advances in pineapple plant propagation
Authors: Reinhardt Domingo Haroldo R. C. , Bartholomew Duane P. , Souza Fernanda Vidigal Duarte , Carvalho Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto de , Pádua Tullio Raphael Pereira de , Junghans Davi Theodoro , Matos Aristoteles Pires de
Published: December 2018

Abstract Pineapple is one of the most important fruits, with large production in tropical and subtropical regions and great appreciation by consumers all over the world. The pineapple plant has many specific morphological, anatomical and physiological characteristics that determine crucial aspects of pineapple crop management, such as flower induction, water use and vegetative methods of propagation. The use of sexual reproduction of pineapple is restricted to breeding purposes carried out by research institutes looking for new hybrids with improved agronomic characteristics. Seeds are only produced if cross pollination among varieties occurs. Commercially pineapple has to be propagated by vegetative material, an asexual reproduction, without new combinations of genes. Some types of propagules are naturally produced by the plants and called conventional planting material. Its availability and quality depend on many factors, especially cultivar and environment. Management techniques of this material have been continuously developed and will be addressed. In addition to the conventional planting material, which in many situations is not sufficient to assure expansion or at least maintenance of the cultivated area, several other methods of vegetative propagation of pineapple have been studied and made available along the last decades and will also be discussed, involving techniques of stem sectioning, apical growing point gouging and chemical treatment for transformation of flowers into plantlets. Stem sectioning has been especially interesting, as it is mostly done using plant residues available at low cost, and is a rather simple method suited for multiplication and production of disease-free planting material in nurseries. Gouging and chemical treatment are less practiced, but can be applied in ratoon crops, thereby avoiding the loss of the first cycle fruit. Chemical treatment usually results in rather small plantlets, that must be further grown in nurseries before planting them in the field. And finally micropropagation will also be focused, as in vitro production of plantlets is a very important method of multiplication of new pineapple varieties, but this method yet has not been transformed into a common commercial way of pineapple propagation due to the final high cost and to the still high risks of incidence of somaclonal variations among the plantlets produced.
Preservation of Dental Sockets Filled with Composite Bovine Bone. A Single-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Natale Júnior Vail , Souza Francisley Ávila , Vedovatto Eduardo , Nishioka Renato Sussumu , Poli Pier Paolo , Carvalho Paulo Sérgio Perri de
Published: December 2018

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preservation of alveolar dimensions in human fresh extraction sockets filled with a composite bovine bone graft by means of design of single-blind randomized clinical trial. Forty participants had monoradicular teeth extracted (one teeth in each participant), and after were randomly divided into 2 groups: individuals whose fresh sockets were filled with the composite heterologous bone graft (Biomaterial Group), or with blood clot (Control Group). After extraction, the fresh sockets were measured at their greatest mesiodistal (MD) and bucco-lingual/palatal (BL/P) distance. Primary closure of the soft tissue was performed with a fibro-mucosal plug. After 120 post-operative days, the re-entry procedure was performed and the largest MD and BL/P measurements were again obtained to calculate the remodeling of the alveolar bone measured in percentage. In the biomaterial group, a percentage reduction of 1.62% and 3.29% in the MD and BL/P dimensions was observed 120 days after the extractions, whereas a reduction of 4.97% and 7.18% in the MD and BL/P dimensions occurred in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the two groups for the bucco-palatal and mesiodistal measurements in the maxilla. In view of the results obtained, it can be concluded that composite bovine bone graft limited but did not impede alveolar bone remodeling.
Retention Force and Wear Characteristics of three Attachment Systems after Dislodging Cycles
Authors: Marin Danny Omar Mendoza , Leite Andressa Rosa Perin , Oliveira Junior Norberto Martins de , Paleari André Gustavo , Pero Ana Carolina , Compagnoni Marco Antonio
Published: December 2018

Abstract Several attachment systems for mandibular implant-supported overdentures are currently available and studies are required to understand their mechanical properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the retention force and wear characteristics of three attachment systems in a simulation of the cyclic dislodging of implant-supported overdentures. Thirty samples were fabricated and divided into 3 groups: 1-O-ring; 2-Mini Ball; and 3-Equator. A mechanical fatigue test was applied to the specimens using a servo-hydraulic universal testing machine performing 5500 insertion/removal cycles (f=0.8 Hz), immersed in artificial saliva. Retention force values were obtained before and after 1500, 3000, and 5500 cycles using a speed of 1 mm/min and a load cell of 1 kN. One specimen from each group was randomly selected and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA and the Bonferroni post hoc test were used for statistical analyses (α=0.05). The O-ring system remained stable during all periods tested and exhibited significantly lower retention force values than the Mini Ball and Equator systems. The Mini Ball system exhibited a significant increase in retention force after the mechanical test (baseline=21.04±3.29N; 5500 cycles=24.01±3.30N).The Equator system exhibited a significant decrease in retention force after each period tested, but the values were higher than the other systems. The type of attachment was found to influence retention force in different ways after mechanical tests. The Equator system exhibited the highest retention force values. The Mini Ball and Equator matrices produced deformation and wear on the surfaces without breakage of the polyamide rings.
Effect of At-Home Bleaching on Oxygen Saturation Levels in the Dental Pulp of Maxillary Central Incisors
Authors: Solda Caroline , Barletta Fernando Branco , Vanni José Roberto , Lambert Paula , Só Marcus Vinícius Reis , Estrela Carlos
Published: December 2018

Abstract The present study assessed oxygen saturation (SaO2) levels before, during, and after at-home bleaching treatment in the pulps of healthy maxillary central incisors. SaO2 levels were measured in 136 healthy maxillary central incisors using a pulse oximeter. The bleaching protocol consisted of 10% carbamide peroxide gel placed in individual trays and used for four hours daily for 14 days. SaO2 levels were assessed before bleaching (T0), immediately after the first session (T1), on the 7th day of treatment (T2), on the 15th day (the day following the last session) (T3), and 30 days after completion of the bleaching protocol (T4). Data were statistically analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE), Student’s t test (p<0.05) and Pearson’s correlation. Mean pulp SaO2 levels were 85.1% at T0, 84.9% at T1, 84.7% at T2, 84.3% at T3, and 85.0% at T4. Gradual reductions in SaO2 levels were observed, with significant differences (p<0.001) during the course of home bleaching treatment. However, 30 days after the end of the bleaching protocol, SaO2 levels returned to baseline levels. Home bleaching caused a reversible transient decrease in SaO2 levels in the pulps.
In Vivo Study of the Action of a Topical Anti-Inflammatory Drug In Rat Teeth Submitted To Dental Bleaching
Authors: Benetti Francine , Briso André Luiz Fraga , Ferreira Luciana Louzada , Carminatti Marina , Álamo Larissa , Ervolino Edilson , Dezan-Júnior Eloi , Cintra Luciano Tavares Angelo
Published: December 2018

Abstract Bleaching gel containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) cause damages in pulp tissue. This study investigated the action of a topical anti-inflammatory, the Otosporin®, in rats’ bleached teeth with the null hypothesis of which the Otosporin® is no able to minimize the pulp inflammation that bleaching gel generates. The rat’s molars were divided into groups: BLE: bleached (35% H2O2 concentration /single application of 30 min); BLE-O: bleached followed by Otosporin® (10 min); and control: placebo gel. In the second day after dental bleaching, the rats were killed, and the jaws were processed for hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry analysis for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17. The data collected were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests with at a 5% level of significance (p<0.05). The BLE group had moderate to strong inflammation in the occlusal third of the coronary pulp, with necrotic areas; and BLE-O, mild inflammation (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the occlusal and middle thirds of the coronary pulp between the BLE with BLE-O and control groups (p<0.05). There was no difference in the cervical third (p>0.05). The BLE group had a high immunoexpression of TNF-α than BLE-O and control groups (p<0.05), with moderate and mild immunoexpression, respectively. Regarding IL-6 and IL-17, the BLE group had higher immunoexpression than control (p<0.05); the BLE-O was similar to the control (p>0.05). The topical anti-inflammatory Otosporin® can reduce pulp inflammation after dental bleaching in the rat teeth.
How Common is Dry Mouth? Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis of Prevalence Estimates
Authors: Agostini Bernardo Antonio , Cericato Graziela Oro , Silveira Ethieli Rodrigues da , Nascimento Gustavo Giacomelli , Costa Francine dos Santos , Thomson Willian Murray , Demarco Flavio Fernando
Published: December 2018

Abstract The aim of this paper is to systematically review the literature to estimate the overall prevalence of xerostomia/hyposalivation in epidemiological studies. An electronic search was carried out up to February 2018 with no language restrictions. A total of 5760 titles were screened and just twenty-nine papers were included in review and the meta-analysis after a two independently reviewers applied the selection criteria. Data were extracted from PubMed and Web of Science databases. Eligibility criteria included original investigations from observational population-based studies that reported the prevalence of xerostomia or data that allowed the calculation of prevalence of xerostomia and/or hyposalivation. Studies conducted in samples with specific health conditions, literature reviews, case reports and anthropological studies, as conferences or comments were excluded. Sample size, geographic location of the study, study design, age of the studied population, diagnosis methods, and evaluation criteria used to determine xerostomia e/or hyposalivation were extracted for meta-analysis and meta-regression. Multivariate meta-regression analysis was performed to explore heterogeneity among studies. The overall estimated prevalence of dry mouth was 22.0% (95%CI 17.0-26.0%). Higher prevalence of xerostomia was observed in studies conducted only with elderly people. Despite diverse approaches to the condition’s measurement, just over one in four people suffer from xerostomia, with higher rates observed among older people. Moreover, the measurement methods used currently may over- or underestimate xerostomia. These findings highlight the need for further work on existing and new clinical measure and will be useful to determine which one is more reliable in clinical and epidemiological perspectives.
BSA and molecular markers screening for salt stress tolerant mutant of Petunia obtained in in vitro culture
Authors: Krupa-Małkiewicz Marcelina , Bienias Anna
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: In this study, we performed BSA to identify genetic markers linked to salt tolerance. We tested the genetic diversity among four bulked DNA samples of EMS induced mutant clones and one bulked DNA sample of non-mutated clone of Petunia for salt tolerance in in vitro callus cultures using RAPD and ISSR markers. Out of the 36 RAPD and 16 ISSR primers identified, 25 and 13 were effectively used to amplify genomic DNA of all the five bulked samples, respectively. In total, 114 RAPD amplifications products were obtained, of which 28% were polymorphic and 2% were genotype-specific bands. Out of the 64 ISSR amplification products obtained, 51% were polymorphic and 1% was genotype-specific bands. Results of this study indicated the existence of two patterns of distorted segregation among the studied markers. The first one indicates the differences between non-mutated clones of Petunia and its putative mutants. The second one was observed only between putative mutants and putative mutants tested for salt tolerance in in vitro culture. Both RAPD and ISSR analysis successfully detected the association with changes induced by chemical mutagenesis and salinity. Furthermore, our results indicate that BSA method can be useful in the rapid detection of molecular markers for further marker-assisted selection.
In vitro activity of six antiviral drugs against equid alphaherpesvirus type 1 indicates ganciclovir as promising drug for in vivo studies
Authors: Oliveira Amanda Lovato de , Cargnelutti Juliana Felipetto , Mortari Ana Paula Gnocato , Flores Eduardo Furtado , Weiblen Rudi
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: Equid alphaherpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is distributed worldwide and is a major agent of abortion, respiratory and neurological disease in horses. No specific treatment is available for EHV-1 infection, yet the potential of antiviral therapy has been explored. In this study we investigated the in vitro activity of Acyclovir, Ganciclovir, Foscarnet, Famciclovir, Vidarabina and Cidofovir against EHV-1. For this, the MTT test was performed, in which all the tested drugs showed no toxicity up to 200μg/mL. Subsequently, different drug concentrations were submitted to viral plaque reduction assays in cell culture. The selectivity index (SI) of the compounds was determined using the cytotoxic concentration for 50% of cells (CC50), obtained by MTT, and effective drug concentration to inhibit by 50% the number of viral plaques (EC50). Ganciclovir (SI: 490; EC50: 1.9 μg/mL) was the most efficient and safest drug against EHV-1, followed by Cidofovir (SI: 150, EC50: 5.7μg/mL), Acyclovir (SI: 37.4, EC50: 22.2μg/mL), Famciclovir (SI: 25.1, EC50: 24.5μg/mL), Vidarabine (SI: 12.2, EC50: 40.9μg/mL) and Foscarnet (SI: 6.9, EC50: 49.5 μg/mL), respectively. These results indicated that Ganciclovir (followed by Cidofovir), is a promising candidate for use in in vivo experiments.