bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors related to the exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of PHC Poasia, Kendari City
Authors:   College of Public Health, Haluoleo University, Kendari, Indonesia, La Adili Desi Ratna Sari , Salma Wa Ode ,   Department of Nutrition, College of Public Health, Haluoleo University, Kendari, Indonesia, Tosepu Ramadhan ,   College of Public Health, Haluoleo University, Kendari, Indonesia, Husen Abd Hakim ,   Department of Medical, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Inadequate exclusive breastfeeding is responsible for more than 236,000 child deaths each year and significantly increases the risk of death in infancy and childhood. While the COVID-19 Pandemic continues, this should not be a barrier for breastfeeding mothers to breastfeed their babies. This study aims to analyze the factors related to exclusive breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic in the working area of the Poasia Health Center, Kendari City. Methods: This cross-sectional study involves 100 participants in the working area of the Poasia Public Health Center, Kendari City. The dependent variable in this study was exclusive breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic, while the independent variables were age, employment status, education level, parity, family support, and support from health workers. Data analysis was carried out in stages, including univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Results: The results showed a relationship between parity (p-value = 0.006), family support (p-value = 0.001), and support from health workers (p-value = 0.003) with exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of the Poasia Health Center, Kendari City. At the same time, age (p-value = 0.524), status, occupation (p-value = 0.452), and education level (p-value = 0.708) are not related. The results of multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that family support was most associated with exclusive breastfeeding (Exponent (B) = 8.549). Conclusions: The lower the mother's parity, the more likely she is to give exclusive breastfeeding. Good and maximal family and staff support will stimulate the mother to give exclusive breastfeeding.
Risk Factors for Ectopic Pregnancy: A Case-Control Study in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Jammu and Kashmir
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMGS Hospital, Jammu, India, Mahajan Neha , Raina Rohit ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India, Sharma Pooja ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMGS Hospital, Jammu, India
Published: October 2021

Introduction: An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg attaches somewhere outside the uterus.There are many risk factors for ectopic pregnancy. This study will help us to prepare a list of risk factors associated with ectopic pregnancy in our state. In addition, it will help implement a risk-reduction counseling program before conception, which will help us screen high-risk patients and reduce and manage ectopic pregnancy. Materials and methods: The present study was conducted in our department for two years, from August 2018 to July 2019. Cases included all patients with ectopic pregnancy admitted in labor. A total of 192 cases were taken, out of which 8 cases refused to participate in the study, so 184 patients were included in the study. Results: Patients with previous ectopic pregnancy have 6.34 times increased risk of a repeat ectopic pregnancy (odds ratio 6.34, confidence interval 1.40-28.77), and this association was highly significant (p = 0.006). The risk of ectopic pregnancy is 3.02 times increased (odds ratio 3.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-7.84) if the patient once had the pelvic inflammatory disease and is statistically significant (p = 0.01). The study also revealed that 17 (10.3%) patients with ectopic pregnancy had a history of tubal ligation or some other tubal surgery done in the past compared to 3 (2.2%) patients among controls, and this finding is statistically highly significant (p = 0.001). Conclusions: In the present study, we found that the main risk factors for incidence of ectopic pregnancy are prior ectopic pregnancy, prior tubal ligation, and prior pelvic/abdominal surgery. In addition, ectopic pregnancy was positively related to the previous history of ectopic pregnancy, abortion, cesarean section, and infertility. These findings can be helpful for early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy to pursue proper medical therapy instead of unnecessarily surgical treatment.
Effectiveness of the Family and Friends CPR course in learning cardiopulmonary resuscitation in relatives of patients with high cardiovascular risk or who have suffered a cardiovascular event
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru, Vargas-Sánchez Bruno Enzo , Salazar-Arteaga Miluska Madeleine ,   Faculty of Medicine, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru, Rotta-Rotta Aida Del Carmen ,   Faculty of Medicine, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru, Dueñas-Carbajal Roy Germán ,   Faculty of Medicine, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Early, high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) increases survival rates in cardiac arrest. Although most cases occur at home and are witnessed, CPR is performed in few of these cases. For this reason, teaching CPR is especially important in relatives of patients with high cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Family and Friends CPR course in the theoretical and practical learning of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in relatives of patients with high cardiovascular risk or who have suffered a cardiovascular event. Materials and methods: We carried out an analytical, quasi-experimental, prospective, before-and-after study. We selected 20 participants during outpatient consultation at the Cardiology Department of the Cayetano Heredia Hospital in Lima, Peru. A theoretical knowledge questionnaire and an adult CPR checklist were used to assess the level of theoretical and practical knowledge, respectively. The theoretical knowledge was measured at three points in time (before, immediately after and one month after the intervention) and the practical skills at two points in time (immediately after and a month after the intervention). Results: The level of theoretical knowledge was low (8.64 ± 2.47) before the intervention, achieving a good level of knowledge immediately after (17.33 ± 2.02) and one month later (16.5 ± 1.91). Furthermore, the medians of the level of practical knowledge were 15 immediately after and one month later, showing that they maintained a good level of practical knowledge. Conclusions: The Family and Friends CPR course was effective in the theoretical and practical learning of CPR in the studied population, and was sustained one month after the intervention.
Predicting of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients: Experience from an Argentinean hospital
Authors:   JB Iturraspe Hospital, Santa Fe, Argentina, Castro Maximiliano Gabriel , Sadonio María José ,   JB Iturraspe Hospital, Santa Fe, Argentina, Castillo Landaburo Aida Agustina ,   JB Iturraspe Hospital, Santa Fe, Argentina, Cuevas Gisel ,   JB Iturraspe Hospital, Santa Fe, Argentina, Cogliano Florencia ,   JB Iturraspe Hospital, Santa Fe, Argentina, Galluccio Federico ,   JB Iturraspe Hospital, Santa Fe, Argentina
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The pressure over health systems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic brought about the need to develop tools that would allow for the identification of those patients that require immediate attention. Our objective was to identify clinical and biochemical predictors of poor outcomes (PO) in a cohort of patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 in an Argentinean public hospital. Methods: Prospective cohort study conducted from March 3rd, 2020 to February 16th, 2021 in a tertiary care center in Santa Fe, Argentina. Clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted consecutively were analyzed in order to identify predictors of a composite of poor outcomes (PO) -all-cause mortality and/or need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Results: 421 patients were included. The mean age was 56.13 ± 15.05 years. 57.0% were males. 79.7% presented at least one comorbidity. 27.7% (n=116) presented PO. In the multivariate analysis, a higher 4C-score and a higher LDH, as well as a lower SatO2/FiO2, were associated with a higher risk of PO. No variable reached an AUC of 0.800 in the ROC analysis. 4C-score presented a numerically higher AUC (0.766 IC 95% 0.715-0.817). Conclusions: Each point that the 4C-score increases, the risk of PO rises by 28%. Also, for every 100-units increase in LDH or 50-units decrease in SatO2/FiO2 at admission, there is a 20% increased risk of PO.
Comparative Analysis of Ecological Footprint of Urban and Rural Households in Minna Emirate of Niger State, Nigeria
Authors:   Legacy University, Abd'Razack Nelson Tajudeen Adewale , Medayese Samuel O ,   Olusegun O Idowu, Martins Itunu Valda ,   Federal University of Technology, O.O Idowu
Published: October 2021

Nigeria is an unsustainable country due to an ecological deficit arising from the excessive utilization of natural resources. Resources are consumed more than their bio-capacity. Lifestyle and variation in the needs of households have exerted demands on the natural resources and eventually on the global environment. This research therefore aimed at estimating the Ecological Footprints of the average individual in a household in the urban and rural areas of the Minna region in Nigeria. It identifies the types of resource consumption; the impact of consumption on the EF and compares the EF of both about the level of sustainability. Data were collected employing primary and secondary sources for the study. A total of 400 households was selected for the study. Questionnaire administration was employed to collect the data and random sampling was employed. The data were analyzed through explanatory and inferential statistics. The result of the study shows that the EF of Minna and Maikunkele were 1.10 and 0.892 gha. Households require an average of 0.91 and 0.74 planets to sustain their living standard and generate 6.2 and 4.3 tonnes of CO2 annually. 9 and 6 factors influence EF. It is recommended that the lifestyle of the household in the Minna region has to be modified to reduce pressure on environmental resources and the emission of GHG for sustainable development.
Socio-Environmental Effects of Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Depot, Apata, Ibadan on the Adjoining Neighbourhoods
Authors:   University of Ibadan, Omirin Olayide Josiah
Published: October 2021

Nigeria, one of the major crude oil producing countries in the world, transports petroleum products through pipelines to several oil depots located across the country from where it is trucked to end users. Activities within these depots are known to have impact on their immediate environment due to the nature of operations and the externalities generated. This paper therefore examined the socio-environmental effects of the Nigerian National Petroleum Depot, Apata, Ibadan on its immediate neighbourhood. A case study approach utilising primary and secondary data collection was adopted in which 205 residential buildings and respondents were proportionally selected for sampling from four neighbourhoods within 500 metres radius of the facility. An environmental audit including ground water samples were randomly collected for testing and analysis from Adebisi stream and residential hand-dug wells. Findings revealed local access road incapacitation emanating from indiscriminate parking of fuel tankers and spiralling into constant traffic congestion on major roads. Desludging of fuel storage tanks (79.5%) resulting into regular effluent discharge into the Adebisi stream and fume emission (62.6%), were attested to by residents. Water quality analysis revealed a high concentration of lead (pb.0.06mg/l) above the maximum permissible limit of (0.01mg/l) for potable water. Other detected metals, Cadmium (0.003mg/l), Copper (0.006mg/l) and Zinc (3.0 mg/l) were all within the appropriate recommended limits. The study recommended a periodic environmental audit and regular dialogue with stakeholders of the host communities for socio-environmental sustainability.
Assessing the Inclusiveness of Housing Conditions in Ogbomoso Township, Nigeria
Authors:   Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Olanrewaju Samson Olaitan , A. A Siyaka , G.G Audu
Published: October 2021

It is against the background of deficit in housing stock in Nigeria major cities and its associated exclusion in that this study evaluates housing condition in Ogbomoso Township. This is with a view to proffering recommendations that will aid the achievement of sustainable and inclusive housing in the town, and other ones with similar socioeconomic characteristics. Assessed were the socioeconomic characteristics of residents in the study area, characteristics and condition of housing units and impact of the identified condition on residents. The study utilized a multistage sampling approach to sample 150 buildings, and questionnaire administered to an adult resident in each of the sampled building. Data obtained were summarized using tables and percentages while analysis of variance was used to evaluate variation in the condition of housing units across political wards in the study area. The study discovered that 50.7% of the residents are male, and 52.7% are youths. Also, 50.7% of the respondents are single as about 29.3% are students, and 46% of the residents earn below N18, 000 monthly. About 44.7% of the residents have been living in their residences for less than 5 years, 26.7% have used 6-10 years in their residence while about 8% have used 16-20 years in their residences. Thus suggesting frequent change of residences by residents to adjust and readjust to various exclusion tendencies. The predominant housing type in the study area is flat (58.7%), and 69.3% of the housing units were constructed between 1 and 3 years. Meanwhile, 78.7% of the housing units have good roof, 12.0% are leaking and 9.3% are sagging. 48.7% of the housing units were perceived to be substandard, 45.8% were standard building while 5.5% were dilapidated. With F=13.050, p=0.000; there is variation in the condition of housing units across political ward in the town. Urban renewal, granting of loans for housing renovations as well as subsidizing of building materials were therefore recommended. The study concluded that sustainable and inclusive housing can only be achieved with conscious policy and planning intervention.
Reprint and Analysis of ``The Rio Conference : Some Bare Truths’’from Vol. 6
Authors: Phatak Ajay
Published: October 2021

We re-print a note, “The Rio Conference: Some Bare Truths” by Prof. Prakash Gole, which appeared in Vol. 6 (1993) of this journal, along with an analysis as to where the global community stands onenvironmental justice and equity 25 years later.
Fire prevention and firefighting as stipulated in the rules and regulations for the neighbourhoods of Sibiu
Authors: Frîncu Raluca Maria ,   The National Brukenthal Museum in Sibiu
Published: October 2021

Fire was a constant imminent danger, not only for the Transylvanian communities, but for others as well; this article brings forward the way in which the neighborhoods of Sibiu, a model of social organization documented in Transylvania since the fifteenth century, were involved in fire prevention and firefighting by introducing rules and fines into their statutes of organization.
Militant portraits. The promotion of Hungarian National History through nineteenth‑century graphics. Case study
Authors: Bonţa M. Claudia ,   National Museum of Transylvanian History
Published: October 2021

This work presents a series of group portraits of past Transylvanian leaders and of nineteenth-century politicians, signed by Magyari Lajos and Miklós Barabás, from the heritage of the National Museum of Transylvanian History in Cluj-Napoca. Throughout the nineteenth century, as nationalist sentiment expanded in Europe, interest in national history and historical figures was extremely high and people genuinely revered historical figures. The cult of these personalities was intensively cultivated, in all environments. There was major popular enthusiasm, in an atmosphere animated by the patriotic spirit. This subject was frequently approached in the periodicals of the nineteenth century, which published not only historical prose and biographies, but also images, which ensured a greater impact of these publications on the public. The Hungarian society of the era developed a genuine educational program based on the heroic past and on portraits of personalities.
Two years on the Galician front (1914–1915). Pages in the diary of the Transylvanian Officer Marian Popu
Authors: Muntean Ovidiu ,   National Museum of Transylvanian History
Published: October 2021

"Marian Popu was born in 1889 in the village of Diviciorii Mici in Solnoc-Dăbâca County and came from a Romanian family of intellectuals, his father being a teacher. He attended primary school in his native village and then attended secondary and high school in Gherla. After graduating from high school, in 1909 he enrolled in the ‘Ludovika’ Honvéd Military Academy in Budapest. Here he attended classes for three years and graduated in 1912, obtaining the rank of second lieutenant. Among his teachers there was also Lieutenant-Colonel Aurél Stromfeld, who would later be his regimental commander on the Galician front. In 1914, at the outbreak of the First World War, Marian Popu was promoted to the rank of lieutenant major and was sent to the Galician front at the head of a subunit of the Honvéd Infantry Regiment no. 32 of Dej. In 1914–1915, the Romanian officer reached this front four times. Each time he fought on the front line. His memory recalls the grim reality of the war, the entry into the front line of battle, the marches, the cold, the terrible death of his comrades but also the periods of convalescence spent in the military hospitals of Vienna and Dej. Here he was treated three times due to illness, exhaustion and the fact that he was shot in the arm during the offensive of May 1915. After the stabilization of the front, in the fall of 1915, Lieutenant Marian Popu reached the front line on defensive fighting positions in a forest in the area of Bedrykivti, on the banks of the Tupa River. Here he remained until June 1916, when he was forced to retreat after the start of the offensive led by Russian General Alexei Brusilov."
The restoration of a Dacian oversized decorated 'tack': conventional mechanical cleaning and ultrasound cleaning
Authors: Cordoș Radu ,   National Museum of Transylvanian History
Published: October 2021

This paper presents the restoration of an iron decorated ‘tack’ with a diameter of about 20 cm, which was discovered in the area of the Dacian fortresses. The method of restoration is conventional mechanical cleaning alternating with ultrasonic cleaning, for the object’s ornaments.
The Flow of Memory during the Obsessive Decade. The Case of A.E. Baconsky at Steaua Magazine
Authors: Trufan Marina ,   Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai
Published: October 2021

"The relationship between the literary and the political field is a debated topic in historiography, especially with the rise of new research methods. The question of how the writer constructs his artistic identity in a communist regime will be given an answer by studying the literary events and developments, which took place in Cluj‑Napoca, in the editorial office of Steaua (The Star) magazine during the 1950s. Steaua quickly enjoyed success in the cultural landscape of the time, and the editorial policy promoted under its editor‑in‑chief A.E. Baconsky, managed through numerous concessions, but also through a game in the mirror, to stage a literature with moderate ideological influences. Based on different sources, the paper reconstructs the environment in which the writers were formed during the communist period, focusing on the attempts made by them to obey the line in order to ensure their financial and professional survival."
Romanian Urban Monuments and Place Names in Cluj
Authors: Mitu Sorin ,   Facultatea de Istorie și Filosofie, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca
Published: October 2021

This article analyses the sites of memory in Cluj, in order to highlight the process of the city’s symbolic Romanianization. The main sources are public monuments and street toponymy, while the methodology is based on anthropological literature and direct observation of sites and their corresponding social practices. The results of the research reveal the main ideological themes and symbolic functions associated with the monuments and names of Cluj.
Producción de Kale en diferentes sustratos bajo condiciones de invernadero
Authors: Ordaz Gallegos Jordan , Sánchez Escudero Julio , Marquez de la Cruz Jonathan Edilberto , Cabanzo Atilano Ivan , Rodríguez Mendoza María De Las Nieves
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de la investigación fue comparar la respuesta de cuatro cultivares de Kale a cuatro diferentes sustratos, un factorial 4 x 3 con un diseño experimental completamente al azar. Semillas de los cultivares de Kale, Chinese, Siberiano, Rusian y Etiopia se germinaron en charolas con peat moss y se trasplantaron en 1) tezontle rojo de 0.3 cm, 2) una mezcla de vermicompost-perlita-tierra de monte y 3) una mezcla bocashi-perlita-tierra de monte. Cuatro meses después del trasplante se cosecho y se hicieron evaluaciones de nitratos en savia, y variables de desarrollo para comparar entre los sustratos. La respuesta de los cultivares fue diferente, en cada cultivar se presentó una respuesta diferente de desarrollo en función del sustrato en donde creció, el tezontle y la solución Steiner fue el suministro más balanceado de la nutrición y a la que respondieron todos los cultivares. El cultivar Etiopia fue el único cultivar que no presento diferencias estadísticas en las variables de estudio en función del sustrato. El Kale es un cultivo fácil de producir y una alternativa viable para la producción y consumo entre la población urbana y rural como fuente nutrimental y fácil de producir.
Propiedades físico-químicas de jamones elaborados con carne pálida, suave y exudativa de cerdo
Authors: Alarcón Rojo Alma Delia , Pérez Linares Cristina , García Macías José Arturo , Janacua Vidales Héctor
Published: October 2021

Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron evaluar las pro- piedades físico-químicas de jamones elaborados con 0, 10 y 20% de carne de cerdo con características pálida, suave y exudativa, así como determinar el rendimiento en jamón al adicionar carragenina como agente ligador. Los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente en un diseño de cuadro latino con cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento en el experimento 1 y tres en el experimento 2, y las me- dias fueron sometidas a contrastes ortogonales. No hubo efecto (P>0.05) de los porcentajes de carne pálida, suave y exudativa y del almacenamiento en el color, pH, esfuerzo de corte, capacidad de retención de agua y proteína total. La calidad sensorial no fue diferente (P>0.05) entre el ja- món PSE y el control, no obstante el jamón con el 20% mostró (P>0.05) la mayor pérdida por cocimiento y alma- cenamiento. La adición de los niveles de carne disminuyó (P<0.05) el pH de los jamones al día 1 de almacenamien- to (5.90, P>0.05). La adición de carragenina no modificó (P>0.05) la capacidad de retención de agua, esfuerzo de corte, color y calidad sensorial de los jamones normales y con C-PSE, pero sí redujo (P>0.05) la pérdida de peso por cocimiento y por almacenamiento. Los resultados sugie- ren que la adición de hasta un 20% de C-PSE y carrageninas para los jamones reestructurados no tiene efectos perjudiciales en la calidad del producto.
Importancia de la tecnología en el valor agregado de empresas manufactureras de la ciudad de Chihuahua, México
Authors: Ollivier Fierro Juan Óscar
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo pretende poner de relieve la impor- tancia que tiene la tecnología empleada en los procesos sobre los resultados económicos en las empresas de la industria manufacturera, particularmente en el valor agre- gado por trabajador. Se realizó una encuesta a una mues- tra aleatoria estratificada de 125 empresas de la industria manufacturera de la Ciudad de Chihuahua, tomada en los años 2003 y 2004. Se determinaron las relaciones que existen entre las inversiones en equipo y el nivel tec- nológico en los procesos y entre este último y el valor agre- gado económico en las empresas. Se hizo un análisis descriptivo y de regresión lineal que permite la compro- bación de las hipótesis al poner de relieve: (1) la inver- sión en equipo administrativo es la variable de mayor peso (ß = 0.456, P<0.01), en la determinación del nivel tecnoló- gico del proceso y (2) la automatización de las funciones administrativas es la variable de mayor peso (ß = 0.367, P<0.01), en la determinación del valor agregado por tra- bajador en la empresa. Estas relaciones positivas signi- ficativas del encadenamiento entre las inversiones en equipos para las tareas administrativas, la tecnología en la automatización del proceso administrativo y el valor agregado por trabajador, sugieren un círculo virtuoso que contribuye al crecimiento de las empresas y a las conse- cuentes economías de escala por el incremento de la pro- ductividad.
Efficient Electricity Forecasting in Multiple Residential Buildings considering Demand-Side Management
Authors:   Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University Institute of Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya (Technological University of Madhya Pradesh), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Shukla Piyush Kumar , Shukla Prashant Kumar ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, K L University, Vijayawada, 29-36-38, Museum Rd, Governor Peta, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: October 2021

Gateway based Home Area Network (HAN ) to Neighbourhood Area Network (NAN); NAN to HAN improved the communication in the Smart grid. The gateway reduces the Load dispatch centre (LDC) work in varying power consumption in a short time interval. The proposed work explains the working of gateway, reducing the work of LDC using the load scheduling procedure. Deep learning methods incorporated gateway will aid in achieving the requirement. It reduces black start operation and it may be prevented by indulging consumers in the supply automation of the grid. It will produce the grid to maintain the operating frequency, avoiding the substations' disciplinary charges. A variety of types of abrupt load variation and load kinds has been taken in this function. The analysis shows that the gateway achieves a decrease in complexity in the proposed work. This method provides the detail of employment of deep learning for predicting the load forecasting performances in smart grids that can be made better through a gateway between SMs-DCU. The Proposed work compares with systems that employ the predictable profound estimating methods for load forecasting, which has provided better performance. Load Prediction, Deep Learning, Gateway, Smart Grid, Estimation
PRISÃO: CERCEAMENTO DO DIREITO À LIBERDADE E DO DIREITO À PREVIDÊNCIA
Authors: Faria Araújo Mapa Amanda Michelle
Published: October 2021

A vultuosa população carcerária brasileira justifica a preocupação deste estudo que é revisitar a situação previdenciária do cidadão recolhido à prisão, especialmente considerando a obrigatoriedade do trabalho, para através da metodologia jurídico-social e com amparo no direito internacional comparado, avaliar se há restrição a outros direitos, além da privação da liberdade.
TIPOLOGI FASAD RUMAH ADAT BATAK TOBA
Authors: Sihotang Koriana M. , Naibaho Polin DR , Aritonang Emmy Ria
Published: October 2021

Batak Tobaâ€™s traditional houses is one of the relics of batak tribe tradition that up to now still many abandon the values ofÂ philosophy and beauty and create a natural picture that is considered to have soul. Batak traditional house is a building thatÂ characterizes the house or typical of the tribe of Batak which symbolizes the culture and characteristics of theÂ  batakÂ community. Discussion in this research about typology facade of traditional Batak Toba house building in Tomok Village, HutaÂ Bolon and Huta Siallagan. Facade typology discussed in this research is the front view, the use of materials, dimensions, theÂ use of color, the placement of doors and windows of traditional houses of Batak Toba in Samosir. The research method usedin this research is qualitative, that is describing the existing condition data of facade design from some custom house of BatakÂ Toba which is located from three different villages namely Tomok Village, Huta Siallagan and Huta Bolon. Data analysis in thisÂ qualitative research is to search and arrange systematically data obtained from the results of field notes and documentationby organizing into categories, describing in units, synthesizing, arranging into patterns and making conclusions.
Willem Einthoven y su aporte a la Medicina
Authors: Padilla Cuadra Juan Ignacio
Published: October 2021

Willem Einthoven, creador del electrocardiógrafo, nos permitió darle uso clínico al estudio de la actividad eléctrica cardiaca. Las mejoras que introdujo al galvanómetro de cuerda hicieron posible el uso de esta técnica como método diagnóstico universalmente reconocido. Se realiza una reseña biográfica de este científico incluyendo el desarrollo del electrocardiograma y situaciones de interés en relación con este invento.
Recocimiento de Electrocardiograma
Authors: Cairol Andres
Published: October 2021

Paciente masculino de 52 años, conocido hipertenso, cardiópata, con antecedente de haber tenido un infarto agudo al miocardio hace 6 años, el cual hace 4 días fue sometido a una intervención quirúrgica para la colocación de un cardio desfibrilador. A su llegada al servicio de emergencias refiere que siente dolor en el sitio de la incisión donde le colocaron el desfibrilador y que además tiene leve dificultad para respirar. Es clasificado como CTAS II según la escala canadiense de triage y es valorado de manera inmediata por un médico el cual en el examen físico encuentra: paciente sin datos de dificultad para respirar, dolor en el sitio quirúrgico, más no en el resto del tórax consciente alerta, a la auscultación cardiaca presenta ruidos cardiacos con una frecuencia muy elevada y no se logra distinguir ningún soplo. Presenta murmullo vesicular normal y no hay datos de ruidos agregados. Los signos vitales al ingreso son: frecuencia cardiaca en 220 y sube a 250 por minuto, frecuencia respiratoria en 18, Presión arterial 96/ 50 mmHg.
Historia de la Medicina Frederic Foley: De Neurocirujano a Urólogo
Authors: Padilla Cuadra Juan Ignacio
Published: October 2021

Federic Eugene Basil Foley fue un médico estadounidense quien inventó la sonda vesical que recibe su nombre. Inicialmente, tuvo interés en convertirse en neurocirujano mientras trabajaba junto a Harvey Cushing. Sin embargo, terminó dedicándose a la urología, donde realizó su mayor aporte.
Revisión de Farmacología de Urgencias ¿Cómo revertir el efecto de medicamentos anti trombóticos en sangrado grave?
Authors: Padilla Cuadra Juan Ignacio
Published: October 2021

El uso frecuente de fármacos con efectos antitrombóticos obliga al médico encargado del servicio de emergencias a conocer exhaustivamente su farmacología y muy especialmente como revertir sus efectos. Cuando un enfermo se presenta con un sangrado que puede estar relacionado con algún medicamento que afecta la hemostasia es conveniente conocer el uso de antídotos específicos, factores de coagulación y algunos hemoderivados.
10 Recomendaciones para Tratar Neumonía Nosocomial
Authors: Padilla Cuadra Juan Ignacio
Published: October 2021

La neumonía es una de las infecciones más frecuentes adquiridas a nivel nosocomial, especialmente la asociada a la ventilación mecánica. Para asegurar una mejor evolución del paciente es importante seguir ciertas reglas. Estas incluyen la escogencia inicial de tratamiento, tiempo de administración, descalación de antibióticos y, finalmente, el traslape a tratamiento oral cuando la condición del enfermo lo permite. En esta revisión se intenta contestar algunas de estas interrogantes según la evidencia disponible y se emiten recomendaciones prácticas en el manejo de la neumonía nosocomial.
Signo de Monte Fuji
Authors: Juan Ignacio
Published: October 2021

Masculino 61 años, portador de un tumor invasivo de base de cráneo a nivel de fosa anterior es sometido a resección extensa del miso. Aunque en el postoperatorio inmediato cursa muy estable, se considera que es de alto riesgo de fístula de líquido cefalorraquídeo. Esto amerita colocación de drenaje lumbar externo. El paciente evoluciona hacia el deterioro del estado de conciencia por lo que se decide realizar tomografía axial de cabeza.
Troponinas cardiacas: Correlación entre el valor real y la injuria miocárdica
Authors: Vargas Fonseca Wadgner Antonio , Rojas Mora Erick José , Navas Gámez Daniela María
Published: October 2021

Las troponinas son parte de estructuras miocárdicas que se liberan durante el proceso infarction de daño tisular generado por los diferentes tipos de infarto o de patologías que pueden llegar a producir un efecto deletéreo en la estructura muscular. Han formado parte de los diferentes métodos de diagnóstico e incluso de seguimiento, aunque el nivel de concentración definido no ha sido estandarizado. Además, se intenta hacer una correlación entre las diferentes isoformas y su utilidad a corto y largo plazo. Es por esto que es importante mantener la perspectiva de que los marcadores de daño miocárdico orientan al clínico en la objetividad diagnóstica.
Variability in reference evapotranspiration and moisture availability in three agroclimatic zones of Punjab, India
Authors: S. AATRALARASI  , P.K.KINGRA  , R.K.SETIA  , SOM PAL SINGH
Published: October 2021

A research study was undertaken to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ETO), moisture index (MI) and aridity index (AI) and analyse their trends in different locations/zones of Punjab. Annual and seasonal ETO was observed to be highest in south-west and lowest in north-east zone. North-east zone experienced increasing trend in annual as well as seasonal ETO. Districts within the central zone had large variability within the zone. MI and AI were in the order of north-east zone followed by Central zone and South-west zone indicating better moisture availability conditions in north-east. Mean difference in annual and seasonal MI and AI also indicated statistical similarities within the districts of north-east and south-west zones but different from other zones. Thus, increasing trend of ETO in north-east region and higher ETO range in south-west zone along with severe moisture availability necessitates the need for more careful planning of water resources in the region.
Incidence forecasting of new invasive pest of coconut rugose spiraling whitefly (Aleurodicus rugioperculatus) in India using ARIMAX analysis
Authors: K.ELANGO  , S. JEYARAJAN NELSON  , P.DINESHKUMAR
Published: October 2021

The rugose spiraling whitefly (RSW), Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin is a new invasive pest occurring in several crops including coconut since 2016 in India from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh. The population dynamics of new invasive whitefly species, A. rugioperculatus study indicated that RSW was found throughout the year on coconut and the observation recorded on weekly interval basis shows that A. rugioperculatus population escalated from the first week of July 2018 (130.8 nymph/ leaf/ frond) reaching the maximum during the first week of October (161.0 nymph/ leaf/ frond) which subsequently dwindled to a minimum during April. Due to variation in the agro-climatic conditions of different regions, arthropods show varying trends in their incidence also in nature and extent of damage to the crop. Inﬂuence of weather parameters on rugose spiralling whitefly incidence is lacking, which is essential for developing management strategies. The forecasting model to predict rugose spiralling whitefly incidence in coconut was developed by ARIMAX model of weekly cases and weather factors. In exploring different prediction models by fitting covariates to the time series data, ARIMA (0,2,1) with Maximum temperature was found best model for predicting the rugose  spiralling whitefly incidence and all covariates were found non-significant predictors except maximum temperature.
Population dynamics of aphid and coexisting predators in tomato agroecosystem
Authors: SHIVANI KHOKHAR  , KRISHNA ROLANIA
Published: October 2021

Aphids generally attack vegetative plant parts, preferably leaves, and devitalize the plant by sucking the cell sap. Thorough knowledge of pest-predator ecology and their interaction is requisite to initiate timely pest management strategies. Therefore, we aimed to study the population dynamics of aphids and their predators on tomato in Hisar, Haryana during Rabi, 2016-17 and 2017-18. We observed two dominant aphid species viz., Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae and three aphidophagous predator groups viz., coccinellids, spiders and syrphid fly maggots in the tomato agroecosystem. Aphid infestation started during the 9th standard meteorological week (SMW) and attained a peak during the 12th SMW (22.65 aphids per three leaves per plant). Aphid population exhibited highly significant negative correlation with minimum temperature (r= -0.917**), maximum temperature (r= -0.895**) and wind speed (r= -0.809**). However, it was positively correlated with morning relative humidity (r= 0.933**) and evening relative humidity (r= 0.856**). We used Principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensions of data and variables were transformed into principal components (PC) to explain the nature and extent of the relationships among different variables. PC1 and PC2 capture 57.6 and 20.3% of the variability in the data, respectively. Aphid predators exhibited a significant positive correlation with the prey population suggesting a positive density-dependent response.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SEMI-DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGICAL MODEL FOR GLACIATED PUNATSHANGCHU BASIN IN BHUTAN
Authors: Sharma Vasker , Jorden Jessica , Manso Pedro , Cesare Giovanni De
Published: October 2021

Hydropower plays a pivotal role in the socio-economic development of Bhutan where water resource is abundantly available and therefore several hydropower plants are being planned and a few under construction. However, with the presence of several potentially dangerous glacier lakes within the higher elevations, the country is always at the risk of Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) and climate change which poses higher uncertainty regarding the sustainability of hydropower reservoirs in the long run. To understand the hydrological response of the basin, where new hydropower plants are going to be installed soon, a complex semi-distributed hydrological model has been prepared for the Punatshangchu basin using RS MINERVE. After calibration and validation of the model, it is observed that the model reflects low relative volume bias (-0.196 - 0.050) and high Nash efficiency (0.540 - 0.990) which is an important aspect to be considered for any hydropower dam and its operational schemes. Such a model is a viable tool well adapted to an operational flood forecasting system and management. With the built-in scheme for hydropower, reservoir, planner, and turbines within RS Minerve, it could be used to understand the array of scenarios for planning and operations.
ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING DESIGN - A CASE STUDY OF JIGME NAMGYEL ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Authors: Yangzom Karma , Bhattarai Hemlal , Choki Sonam , Choden Pema , Yangden Sonam
Published: October 2021

This study focuses on efficient lighting design in Jigme Namgyel Engineering College (JNEC), under the Royal University of Bhutan (RUB). To carry out the detailed study and review of the existing lighting scheme, Relux simulation software was used and it is one of the high-performance software to simulate electric and daylight for illumination design and study.
The study was based on the existing lighting scheme and a comparative study employing different luminaires (fluorescent lamp and LED) was performed succeeded by designing an efficient illumination lighting scheme. Further to increase energy saving during the daytime, daylight has been integrated with all the lighting schemes studied. The simulation result exhibits that the average illuminance for the existing lighting scheme is 161lx which does not meet the standard lx level for given infrastructures. Two new lighting schemes using fluorescent lamps and LED lamps were suggested following the standard lx level recommended at the workplace. The comparative life cycle cost analysis of the proposed lighting scheme resulted in 59.9% energy saving potential and accounted for a payback period of 2years when employing LED lamps instead of existing illumination fixtures.
PERFORMANCE MEASURE OF SERIES-PARALLEL PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCER CIRCUITY FOR IMPROVEMENT OF OUTPUT VOLTAGE
Authors: Dema Tenzin , Gajmer Srijana , Dema Tashi , Mothey Renuka , Rai Birman
Published: October 2021

This project presents a comparative study between power generation using piezoelectric transducers available in the literature and the proposed model design. The parallel and series-connected piezoelectric transducers arrangement in this project, when subjected to mechanical stress (footsteps), generates an electric charge. The power generated from piezoelectric transducers will be given as input to bridge rectifier and chopper for conversion to dc quantity and its amplification respectively. This energy will be stored in a Li-ion battery. The paper mainly highlights aspects of improvement of power generation by optimizing circuit design and adapting output enhancement and amplification. Comparative analysis of power generated from predecessor circuit designs and output voltage obtained from current circuit design is validated and presented
LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL OF INTERCONNECTED POWER SYSTEM GRID INVOLVING WIND AND HYDROPOWER PLANT AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Rai Pradeep , Chhetri Bikram , Dem Chimi , Chhetri Khalishore , Tashi Phuntsho , Lepcha Sanjita
Published: October 2021

Power demand is expanding day by day. The greatest test is to give continuous and top-notch power to clients in factor conditions particularly when we interconnect the two areas utilizing power tie-line. To achieve this, the two boundaries should consistently be checked for each condition, these boundaries are Load Distribution and Load Frequency Control (LFC).The primary work of the load frequency control is to regulate the power output of the generator within a specified area with respect to change in system frequency and tie-line power, such as to maintain the scheduled system frequency and power interchange with other areas in a prescribed limit [1][2]. In this paper, the study of LFC system for two areas consisting of Hydropower Plant and Wind Power Plant are carried out. The fuzzy gain scheduled proportional-integral (FGSPI) and fuzzy gain scheduled proportional integral derivative (FGSPID) controllers are designed for load frequency control (LFC) of a two-area interconnected power system. The proposed FGSPI and FGSPID controllers are compared against conventional proportional-integral (PI) controllers and Proportional integral derivation (PID) controllers concerning settling times and peak overshoots of the tie-line power and frequency deviations as performance indices. Comparative analysis indicates that the proposed intelligent controller gives better performance than conventional controllers. Simulations have been performed using Simulink toolbox in MATLAB.
ANALYSIS ON PREDICTION OF PATH LOSS FOR MOBILE NETWORK IN JNEC, DEWATHANG AT 1800 MHz
Authors: Subba Bevek , Dema Namgay , Wangmo Thinley
Published: October 2021

As the mobile cellular subscription is constantly increasing, the demand for good network and data traffic, remains to be high. In order to achieve that, proper network planning is important to enhance reliable mobile network and optimization. Path loss modelling is extensively used in the initial feasibility studies for the proper deployment of telecommunication. Prediction of path loss helps to indicates the field strength of the radio propagation. Path loss is the weakening of signal strength during propagation and can be determined by using different models. Largely affected by the complex terrain, buildings, trees, generally, the path loss is caused by reflection, refraction and diffraction. The evaluation is performed at 1800 MHz frequency which is the operating band of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) 4G network service in the region. A comparative study is done between different types of path loss models used in LTE networks in MATLAB. Analysis of path loss for irregular terrain in the region is also being simulated using Radio-mobile. With this study, a person can predict the mobile signal quality and a proper network can be planned.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MAPPING FROM HIGH-RESOLUTION STEREO IMAGERY AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS USING EXISTING DATA
Authors: Pelmo Yangchen , TENZIN Jigme , Tshering Dawa , Tshedrup Pema
Published: October 2021

The launch of the very high resolution (VHR) sensor satellites has paved the way for further exploitation of the capabilities of stereo satellite imagery for many applications and most importantly in the extraction of topographical details. Advances in digital technologies in the photogrammetric technique provide more accurate and up to date topographic representation, while traditional methods of topographic mapping are time-consuming and require large technical support. This paper explores the methods of production and an analysis of the capabilities of the high-resolution stereo imaging system for the extraction of features (topographic map) and generation of digital elevation model (DEM). This study uses high-resolution GeoEye-1 stereo pair images. For qualitative assessment, topographic features were extracted by digitizing the georeferenced stereo pair images and overlapped to form a DEM and orthophoto within the Summit Evolution software. Georeferencing was carried out using the existing Ground Control Points (GCPs) and Check Points (CPs) established using Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System (RTK-GNSS) technique. For quantitative assessment, a total of 7 existing GCPs were considered suitable for use and 5 CPs were established as a check for accuracy of the output. The accuracy of the CPs was evaluated by computing Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The average horizontal RMSE for the left image and right image were 1.17150098m and 0.819334672m respectively and the average vertical RMSE was 1.605898565m. Additionally, the standard deviation for elevation data from generated DEM using photogrammetric technique and existing elevation data of RTK-GNSS technique were computed, which resulted in 15.91286667 and 16.59529228 respectively. The accuracy was evaluated by comparing the results of the data extracted using stereo satellite images and those extracted from ground measurement techniques (Total station and RTK-GNSS). The comparative analysis showed that stereo pair images provide a viable alternative to other ground mapping techniques providing results within the acceptable range. Based on error estimation and analysis, it concludes that, if strict photogrammetric processing model and ground control points are employed, high-resolution satellite imagery can be used for the accurate generation and update of the topographic maps, DEM and digital orthophotos, which can be further be used as a reference for comparative analysis applications.