bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential effects of atmospheric pollutants on tuberculosis incidence in specific geographical Settings: a case of dust transmission in Kashgar, China
Authors: Shang Bo , Wei Chengjing , Wang Chenchen , Zheng Yanling , Zhang Liping
Published: June 2024

Objective
Air pollution can impact the human immune system through inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, immune regulation, respiratory health, and various other mechanisms. Particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) in the aimay act as a carrier, facilitating the spread of tuberculosis bacilli among populations.However, the complex nature of real-world environments often makes experimentalsimulation challenging.This study starts from the spatial dimension, simulates the transport of pollutants and analyzes the incidence of tuberculosis and the distribution characteristics of pollutants in the typical area of surrounded by three mountains and facing the desert: Kashgar region.
Methods
The distribution characteristics of pollutants and tuberculosis epidemic areas were analyzed by Kriging interpolation
Immobilization of Bacillus subtilis in biohybrid crosslink chitosan-glutaraldehyde for acid red 88 dye removal: Box–Behnken design optimization and mechanism study
Authors: Agha Hasan M. , Allaq Abdulmutalib , Jawad Ali H. , Aazmi Shafiq , ALOthman Zeid A.
Published: June 2024

Herein, a novel biomaterial of crosslink chitosan-glutaraldehyde combined with Bacillus subtilis biomass (CHS-GLU/BCL) was synthesized via hydrothermal synthesis to effectively remove the anionic dye (Acid red 88; AR88) from synthetic wastewater solution. The features of the CHS-GLU/BCL biomaterial were assessed using SEM-EDX, pHpzc, BET, and FTIR studies. To optimize the adsorption efficiency of CHS-GLU/BCL to remove AR88 dye a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was utilized. The experiment utilized three independent variables including, the dosage of CHS-GLU/BCL (A: 0.02–0.1 g/100 mL), the contact time (B: 5–30 min), and the pH of the AR88 solution (C: 4–10). The investigation of adsorption kinetics confirms that the AR88 dye adsorption onto the CHS-GLU/BCL biomaterial follows the pseudo second order and pseudo first order kinetics models. Moreover, the isotherm data fits the Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of AR88 dye onto CHS-GLU/BCL biomaterial was determined to be 148 mg/g in an acidic pH environment (pH = 4). The adsorption mechanism of AR88 and dye onto the biomaterial surface can be related to many connections, such as hydrogen bonding, n-π interactions, and electrostatic attraction. Hence, the biomaterial CHS-GLU/BCL has a good potency affinity for adsorbing anionic dye.
Unveiling Ophiuroid Diversity Across North Atlantic Habitats: an integrative perspective
Authors: Schmidt Lydia Anastasia , Brix Saskia , Rossel Sven , Forster Stefan , Eichsteller Angelina
Published: June 2024

The depths of the North Atlantic Ocean host a species-rich fauna providing heterogeneous habitats from thermal vent fields to cold-water coral reefs. With the increasing threat of destruction of deep-sea habitats due to human impacts, such as demersal fishing and the beginning of deep-sea mining, an analysis of the diversity and distribution of species is crucial for conservation efforts. Brittle stars occur in high biomasses, contributing to the biodiversity of the seafloor. We collected specimens during several scientific expeditions to gain a more detailed insight into the brittle star diversity in the North Atlantic Ocean. The integrative approach to identify the species with DNA barcoding (mtCOI) in combination with morphological studies revealed 24 species. Most species are previously known from the North Atlantic, but sequences for 13 species are newly added to public repositories. Additionally, we successfully applied the MALDI-TOF-MS proteomic analysis for 196 specimens with known COI barcodes. This results in a congruent species delimitation demonstrating the functionality of proteomics for identification of brittle stars. This dataset significantly expands our understanding of the taxonomic and genetic diversity and contributes to publicly available data. It emphasizes the importance of considering habitat heterogeneity for large scale patterns of biodiversity.
Absorption of Ajwain Essential Oil on Chitosan to Enhance Antibacterial Activity of Polyethylene-based Composite Food Packaging Films
Authors: Shiva Kasra , Soleimani Adel , Morshedian Jalil , Farahmandghavi Farhid , Shokrolahi Fatemeh
Published: June 2024

In this research, we prepared an antibacterial packaging composite film for food packaging. Ajwan essential oil (AEO) was adsorbed onto chitosan (CS) particles, which were loaded in a combination of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and polyethylene graft-maleic anhydride (PEma, 4%). Gas chromatography (GC) results confirmed successful AEO adsorption on chitosan particles, with protection from evaporation during the film formation process. Additionally, inhibition zone (IZ) tests demonstrated increased antibacterial activity in the film. Mechanical tests revealed that AEO incorporation decreased tensile strength but increased elongation at break, while CS reduced elongation at break. CS particles in PE-7.5-0 (910 cm³/m²·day·bar) reduced oxygen permeability compared to PE-0-0 (1680 cm³/m²·day·bar), but adding AEO increased oxygen permeability (PE-0-10, 2200 cm³/m²·day·bar). The antibacterial activity results indicated a synergistic inhibitory effect of CS and AEO. The composite film containing 7.5% chitosan and 10% adsorbed AEO (PE-7.5-10) exhibited suitable mechanical properties and improved antibacterial behavior due to AEO adsorption on CS. Consequently, it can be considered a suitable candidate for food packaging.
Stephan Blowing Impact on Chemical Reactive Flow of Trihybrid Nanofluid over a Riga Plate with Bioconvection: An Applications of Cattaneo-Christov Flux model
Authors: Abbas Munawar , Elhag Ahmed Babeker , Fatima Nahid , Muhammad Taseer , Gómez-Aguilar J. F. , Ali Ali Hasan
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the Stephan blowing impact on chemical reactive flow of THNF (trihybrid nanofluid) across a Riga plate with Marangoni convection and bio convection. The Riga plate consists of an electrode and magnet configuration on a plate. Around the vertical direction, the Lorentz force increases exponentially due to the fluid's electrical conductivity. The properties of the transfer of mass and heat are explained by the Cattaneo-Christov flux model. Comprising three distinct types of nanoparticles, the ternary hybrid nanofluid takes into consideration the influence of chemical reactions on its thermal conductivity. The characteristics of the ternary hybrid nanofluid model are said to be developed by combining Mgo, Ag, and Tio2 particles with water (H2O) base fluid. The governing equations are converted via similarity substitutions to convert a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations into a numerical solution by applying the RKF-45th method. In addition, gyrotactic bacteria speed up the rate of heat transfer. Results indicated that while the velocity profile of the hybrid and trihybrid nanofluid increased with an increase in the Stephan blowing parameter, the profiles of microorganisms, concentration, and temperature declined.
Contribution to predicte of PIC50 using algorithms of Deep Learning
Authors: Belaidi Ayoub , Ayachi Rachid El , Biniz Mohamed
Published: June 2024

Developing innovative drug design methods that are faster and more cost-effective is a priority. To achieve this, new processes and approaches based on artificial intelligence have been adopted for drug design and development, reducing both time and cost.
This paper focuses on the prediction of pIC50 to estimate the concentration necessary to inhibit 50% of the biological activity of a substance, mainly in pharmacological tests.
The experimental results of the present research were based on MAE, MSE, RMSE, and R2 values, which were respectively 0.02778, 0.0052, 0.0727 and 0.8989 for the LSTM model; 0.0213, 0.0050, 0.0710 and 0.9036 for the GRU architecture and 0.0241, 0.0055, 0.0742 and 0.8949 for the BILSTM-BIGRU hybrid model.
The models used demonstrated highly satisfactory performance in predicting Pic50 and facilitating the selection of candidates for developing and designing pharmaceutical compounds.
Mathematical analysis and chaos control of HBV causing hepatocellular carcinoma by taking asymptomatic and early detection measures
Authors: Junjua Moin-ud-Din , Ahmad Aqeel , Kulachi Muhammad Owais , Hincal Evren , Jan Ahmed Zubair , Kedzia Krzysztof
Published: June 2024

It is essential to reformulate physical phenomena of the dynamics of various diseases according to the objectives which are spread in the world wide for better understanding. Objective of this study is to examine the HB virus by early detection and its treatment by taking asymptomatic as well as vaccinated measures. For this purpose, a new mathematical model is formulated with the generated hypothesis. A new formulated system for HBV is SEVI 1 I 2 R, which is tested in a qualitative way as well as quantitative investigation to observe the real impact of its stable position. Reliable bounded findings are ensured by examining the generated system’s boundedness, positivity, existence, uniqueness, and local and global stability analysis which are crucial characteristics of epidemic models. Additionally, Lipschitz condition is employed in order to satisfy the requirement of the uniqueness including existence for the newly developed system with, fixed point theory tool. The positivity is verified using the global derivative and Lipschitz criteria to determine the rate of changes in each sub-compartment. Using Lyapunov first derivative functions, the system is examined for global stability in order to evaluate the overall effect of asymptomatic and vaccinated measures. Chaos control is also verified to see the chaotic behavior of different compartments after taking combine measures for HBV. Reliable solutions are achieved by employing the Mittag-Leffler kernel in conjunction with a fractal-fractional operator. Moreover, the actual state of the HBV outbreak as well as control after implementing the asymptomatic and vaccinated approach with continuous monitoring is determined. Simulations have been made to see the real behavior and effects of HBV with asymptomatic and vaccinated effects in the community. This kind of research will be important in determining how viruses propagate and in creating control plans based on our validated findings.
Differential Rotation of Individual Sunspots and Pores
Authors: Tlatov Andey , Tlatova Ksenia
Published: June 2024

The differential rotation of individual sunspots and pores is analyzed according to Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (SDO/HMI) observations processing in the period 01.05.2010 – 31.05.2024. To accurately track sunspots, we processed 5 images for each day. To determine the polarity of the magnetic field, we superimposed the contours of sunspots on observations of magnetic fields at the same time. This made it possible to track the movement of more than 175 thousand individual sunspots and pores. It is found that the rotation rate of individual sunspots and pores differs significantly from the differential rotation of sunspot groups. In particular, solar pores with no penumbra and a characteristic area of S ≈ 10 μhm rotate ≈ 1.7% slower than regular sunspots with penumbra. Perhaps this is due to a change in the rotation rate with depth in the convective zone, namely in the leptocline (0.95R⊙). Sunspots and pores of the leading polarity have rotation rate of ≈ 2.3% faster than trailing polarity spots. This difference is probably due to the movement of the spots when the arches of the magnetic field rise.
Multifunctional MnO2 nanorods-modified wood sponge for water remediation: Applications for heavy metal sorption and oil/water separation
Authors: Saghir Siavosh Vojdani , Goharshadi Elaheh K.
Published: June 2024

This study focuses on the development of a wood sponge (WS) modified with MnO2 nanorods (MnO2/WS) from balsa natural wood, as an abundant environmental-friendly raw material, to adsorb organic solvents, oils, and heavy metal ions from water. The MnO2/WS composite exhibits an exceptionally low density of 0.014 g cm− 3 and a high porosity exceeding 97%. MnO2/WS demonstrates successful sorption-desorption cycles over 20 iterations. Zeta potential analysis reveals the negative charge (-22.31 mV) of MnO2 nanorods at pH 4.68, underscoring their affinity for adsorbing positively-charged heavy metal ions commonly found in industrial effluents. Moreover, WS exhibits exceptional mechanical robustness, enduring 1000 stress-strain cycles with high shape recovery, ensuring its durability under operational conditions. Data above proved several strengths for MnO2/WS, such as cost-effective production process, high reusability, remarkable sorption capacities for carbon tetrachloride and soybean oil at 29.56 and 17.65 times its mass, respectively, efficient performance, and the capability to produce potable water from real industrial effluents position MnO2/WS as an ideal solution for mitigating water crises.
Interpretable Attention-based Transfer Learning in Plasma Catalysis: A Study on the Role of Surface Charge
Authors: Mesbah Ali , Shao Ketong , Lele Aditya , Shi Zhiyu , Miller Victor , Ju Yiguang
Published: June 2024

Low-temperature plasma catalysis holds promise for electrification of energy-intensive chemical processes such as methane reforming and ammonia synthesis. However, fundamental understanding of plasma-catalyst interactions, essential for catalyst design and screening for plasma catalysts, remains largely limited. Recent work has demonstrated the importance of first-principles studies, including density functional theory (DFT), for elucidating the role of electro- and photo-effects such as electric field and charge in plasma catalysis. The availability of increasing amounts of DFT data in thermal catalysis presents a unique opportunity for plasma catalysis research to efficiently leverage this existing first-principles knowledge of thermal catalysis towards investigating plasma-catalyst interactions. To this end, this paper investigates interpretable transfer learning from thermal to plasma catalysis, with a focus on the role of surface charge.
Pre-trained attention-based graph neural networks (GNNs) from the Open Catalysis Project, trained using millions of thermal catalysis DFT data points, are structurally adapted to account for surface charge effects and fine-tuned using plasma catalysis DFT data of single metal atoms on Al$_2$O$_3$ support and adsorbates involved in plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis. Not only the fine-tuned attention-based GNN model provides a high test accuracy for predicting adsorption energies and atomic forces in plasma catalysis, but also shows adequate extrapolation for unseen single metal atoms in the plasma catalysis data used for the model fine-tuning. To distinguish the effects of surface charge from other dissimilarities in DFT data of thermal and plasma catalysis, a dual-model framework is presented that relies on two pre-trained GNNs, one of which is specifically tasked to capture surface charge effects using an attention mechanism that provides interpretable insights into their role. Lastly, it is demonstrated how the attention-based GNNs developed for single metal atoms can be efficiently adapted for predicting adsorption energies and atomic forces for metal clusters in plasma catalysis. This work highlights the vast potential of interpretable transfer learning from thermal catalysis to plasma catalysis to mitigate excessive computational requirements of first-principles studies in plasma catalysis, towards accelerating fundamental research in this domain.
Project Equity. Interschool programs based on Intersocial and Intercultural Competencies.
Authors: Rueda Pablo Santaolalla
Published: June 2024

Within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) articulated in the 2030 Agenda, the mandates for Quality Education, the diminution of disparities, and the fostering of sustainable cities and communities underscore the necessity for collective endeavors, equity, and the celebration of diversity. The discourse on quality education and equity becomes complex when diverse social communities cohabiting a common geographical space lack positive interaction or, worse, are mired in relationships of service or unsustainable coexistence. This study examines the dynamics of educational equity within public and private schools in Alicante and Playa del Carmen by analyzing interview data coded using MAXQDA and questionnaires coded using Anaconda (Python). Through a mixed-method approach, we identified key issues such as inclusion, equity, discrimination, exclusion, equality, inequality, lack of intercultural programs, and access to resources. Public schools displayed higher frequencies of discrimination (45 instances) and inequality (32 instances), whereas private schools reported greater occurrences of equity (15 instances) and a more balanced implementation of intercultural programs. These findings underscore the need for tailored educational policies that address the specific challenges of each school type. Visual representations of the interviews, including frequency tables and a code frequency coincidence matrix, highlighted the intersections and divergences between public and private schools. The heatmap further illustrated common challenges, such as exclusion and lack of access to resources, that both school types face. The study emphasizes the importance of InterProjects—collaborative educational initiatives designed to foster intercultural and intersocial competencies—as these initiatives contribute to the understanding of educational equity by providing empirical evidence of the disparities and challenges in public and private schools. The development and implementation of inclusive programs that are sensitive to the socioeconomic and cultural contexts of different schools are needed, as these programs ultimately lead to a more equitable and inclusive educational system.
Serous otitis media in children and its impact on hearing
Authors: Farraj Majed Abou , Ali Diaa Haj , AlAwa Mouhammad Nabough
Published: June 2024

Background
Serous otitis media (SOM) is characterized by fluid collection behind the intact eardrum without signs and symptoms of general and local infection. The disease occurs especially in infants and early childhood. The prevalence of SOM varies between 2 and 18% in different studies. otitis media-related hearing loss may result in significant speech and language delay with impaired quality of life in childhood
Research Materials and Methods
A retrospective cohort study (COHORT) was conducted On a random group of patients from April 2023 to January 2024.
A paper questionnaire was conducted based on a review of patient files in the Clinics Department at Al-Mouwasat University Hospital. Accordingly, the questionnaire was filled out and the data was reviewed under the supervision of the research supervisor.
Results
Symptoms varied among the sample members, 20of whom had exoserosis, at a rate of 28.5%.
14 (20%) had ear itching, while 24 had pain in the infected ear, at a rate of 34.2%. Adenoid enlargement was the most common disfunction that causes serous otitis media with a percentage of 70%.
Treatment for all samples diagnosed with serous otitis media was either medicinal treatment using nasal drops in addition to ear drops in the event of a serous discharge from the affected ear, surgical treatment by installing a ventilation tube, or surgical treatment of the cause of the obstruction.
Finally, 55.8% of children developed hearing loss and 44.2% did not
Conclusion
It is necessary not to neglect any child suspected of having serous otitis media, especially younger children, as the hearing ability of every child who has or has suffered from serous otitis media must be examined. It is also essential to ensure that ventilation tubes are in place during the treatment period because it is the most important means of prevention and maintaining the sense of hearing normally without being affected by the accumulation of serous fluid behind the tympanic membrane.
Relationship between peritumoral brain edema and Ki-67 antigen labelling index in intracranial meningiomas
Authors: Rahman Mantaka , Mahbub Abdullah Al , Esha Tamanna Ahmed , Nath Prof. Dr. Haradhan Deb
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The most common benign non-glial cerebral tumor in adults is a meningioma. In roughly 50–78% of instances, peripheral brain edema (PTBE) is a common observation in meningioma, while it may not be present in others. Although the Ki67 proliferation index may be able to predict the recurrence of tumors in meningioma patients, there is a lack of conclusive evidence and relationships.
Objective: To enhance evaluation, correlate the Ki67 index of meningioma patients with peritumoral cerebral edema.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 24 patients with meningioma (20 female, 4 male; mean age 39.95 ± 14.54 years). Pre-operative neuroimaging was used to evaluate all patients for the presence of cerebral edema surrounding the lesion using brain MRI and histological confirmation. An immune-histochemical staining known as the Ki-67 index was used to measure proliferative activity. The possibility of a relationship between the levels of the Ki67 index and the existence of PTBE was investigated.
Result: WHO grade I tumors were identified in approximately twenty-three (95.8%) of the patients with PTBE, mean age 39.95 with 14.54 SD and male to female ratio 5:1. Eight patients (33.3%) were classified as GR1patients, one as GR2, and the majority of patients (15/62.5%) as GR0 patients. For G1, the greatest level is represented by the mean value of the Ki-67 Index level, which is 7.00. When compared to gender, tumor location, and meningioma type (p>0.05), the PTBE grading was statistically significant when it came to the Ki-67 indices (p<0.05). Furthermore, the grading of peritumoral edema (PTBE) and the Ki-67 labelling index value exhibited a substantial positive association, as indicated by the spearman correlation test, with a significant p-value <0.05 and a coefficient value of r = 0.647.
Conclusion: Peritumoral brain edema (PTBE)-encircled meningioma had a strong correlation with Ki67 indices.
The Impact of Frontier Technology Adoption onGender Inequality: Evidence from Africa
Authors: Ofori Pamela E. , Ofori Isaac K.
Published: June 2024

The surge in frontier technology adoption (FTR) in education, health, and labour markets cannot be overemphasised. Notwithstanding, rigorous empirical findings concerning their socioeconomic impacts in the Global South are hard to find. Accordingly, this study explores the impact of FTR on gender inequality in low-income, and middle- and high-income African countries. Second, this study investigates the moderating role of electricity access in the FTR-gender inequality nexus. Third, the study examines the threshold effect of electricity access in the FTR-gender inequality relationship. Compelling evidence, based on country-level data for 29 African countries from 2010-2020, reveals that FTR promotes gender equality in both low-income, and middle- and high-income African countries. However, this impact is striking in the middle- and high-income African countries. Further, the contingency analysis establishes that electricity access amplifies the effect of FTR on gender equality but only in middle- and high-income African countries. Additionally, the threshold analysis demonstrates that broadening electricity access coverage conditions FTR to further enhance gender equality. However, this positive impact eludes low-income African countries. We conclude that investments in broadening electricity access and the capacity of African countries in adopting, mastering, and adapting frontier technologies are critical for inclusive human development.
JEL Code: J16; O3; O55; Q01; O43
Frontier Technology Readiness, Democracy, and Income Inequality in Africa
Authors: Ofori Isaac K.
Published: June 2024

The proliferation of frontier technologies in the Global South has increased over the past decade. Despite this development, evidence-based policy recommendations regarding their socioeconomic impacts within the context of Africa are scarce. This study addresses this gap by employing macro data from 39 African countries to investigate the impact of frontier technology adoption (FTR) on income inequality. Additionally, the study explores whether democracy serves as a moderator of FTR, influencing a more equitable income distribution. Furthermore, this study assesses the inequality impacts of FTR across various policy thresholds of democracy. Results from the dynamic system GMM estimator reveal that: (i) FTR increases income inequality, (ii) democracy, particularly electoral and participatory democracy, mitigates income inequality, and (iii) FTR reduces income inequality only at a higher threshold of democracy (0.5 or better). This leads to the conclusion that, without inclusive democracy, FTR may impede Africa's social progress agenda by widening the income disparity gap.
JEL Codes: D63; O31; O33; O55; Q01
The Paradox of Air Quality Decline Caused by Industrial Waste Gas Emissions: An Empirical Study on Economic Growth and Air Quality in Zhejiang Province
Authors: Zhou Panyilang
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the paradoxical relationship between economic growth, specifically the expansion of Zhejiang Province's Gross Domestic Product of the Second Industry (GDPSI), and air quality. Despite a significant increase in Total Industrial Exhaust Emissions(TIEE),The data shows that the proportion of days with air quality at or above Level 2(PDAQ2) has not deteriorated despite the increase in TIEE. The research delves into the complex interplay of factors that influence this phenomenon, including the adoption of cleaner production technologies, stringent environmental regulations, and the commitment to ecological civilization and green development. The findings suggest that while the GDPSI has grown robustly, contributing to economic prosperity, the implementation of advanced emission control measures and environmental policies has mitigated the adverse effects on air quality. The study also highlights the role of natural environmental processes in absorbing pollutants and the importance of considering long-term data when assessing the impact of industrial emissions. The research underscores the importance of a balanced approach to sustainable development, integrating economic growth with environmental conservation. It recommends continuous monitoring of air quality, extended research for a more comprehensive understanding, and proactive strategies to address potential long-term effects of industrial activities. Public awareness and education on environmental protection are also deemed crucial for sustainable development.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Ukrainian College Students: Mediating Role of Intimate Partner Violence and Lifetime Trauma Experience
Authors: Burlaka Viktor , Shyrokonis Yuliya , Burlaka Julia , Bogdanov Roman , Serdiuk Oleksii , Javanbakht Arash
Published: June 2024

This study assessed the prevalence of PTSD and its association with ACEs, IPV and lifetime trauma experiences in the context of Russian war on Ukraine. 999 college students from all Ukrainian regions (68.57% females, Mage = 19.1 years), reported on PTSD, ACEs, IPV, and lifetime trauma experiences. Structural Equation Modeling was used to assess direct and indirect (mediated by IPV and lifelong trauma experiences) effects of ACEs on participants’ PTSD symptoms. Results indicated that 24.97% of the participants have met the clinical cutoff for PTSD. Lower PTSD symptomatology was associated with fewer ACEs (b = .40, p < .001), fewer lifetime traumatic events (b = .17, p < .05), and male sex (b = − .15, p < .05). Participants with more ACEs were more likely to experience IPV (b = .35, p < .001) and lifetime traumatic events (b = .36, p < .001). ACEs had a significant standardized indirect association, mediated by lifetime traumatic events, with increased PTSD symptomatology (b = .06, p < .05). ACEs had a direct effect on PTSD. Early adversity also had an indirect association with PTSD mediated by lifelong victimization.
Dual Anti-Inflammatory Activities of COX-2/5-LOX Driven by Kratom Alkaloid Extracts in Lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 Cells
Authors: Rahmawati Siti Irma , Indriani Dwi Wahyu , Ningsih Febby Nurdiya , Hardhiyuna Mutia , Firdayani  , Ahmadi Peni , Rosyidah A’liyatur , Septiana Eris , Dharmayanti Ni Luh Putu Indi , Bayu Asep , Putra Masteria Yunovilsa
Published: June 2024

Cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes play a crucial role in the production of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes (LTs) via arachidonic acid (AA) pathways. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) typically work by inhibiting COX enzymes (COX-1, COX-2) to alleviate inflammatory responses in our bodies. However, the use of these selective COX inhibitors results in an upregulation of the AA pathway. This condition stimulates the LOX enzymes to increase LT production, exacerbating the severity of the disorders. In this study, the alkaloid extract derived from the leaf of Mitragyna speciosa (Kratom) demonstrated a dual inhibitory effect on COX-2/5-LOX enzymes in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The alkaloid extract containing ~ 46% mitragynine inhibited COX-2 and 5-LOX activity at concentrations of less than 25 ppm with no toxicity to the cells. Above 25 ppm, the alkaloid extract exhibited toxicity to the cells (e.g,, ~ 46% viability at 50 ppm) and only inhibited COX-2 activity. In contrast, the Kratom crude extract containing ~ 5% mitragynine did not inhibit COX-2 or 5-LOX activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells at more than 25 ppm and did not exhibit toxicity to the cells even at 100 ppm. The alkaloid compounds in the Kratom leaf are likely responsible for this activity, as the alkaloid extract containing these biomolecules suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Molecular studies also suggested a strong binding affinity of Kratom alkaloids to the active sites of COX-2 and 5-LOX. The dual inhibitory activity of the Kratom alkaloids against COX-2 and 5-LOX provides insights into their potential as safer NSAIDs.
Microstructural Analysis and Synthesis of Organic Geopolymer Matrix
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Iynthezhuthon , Subramanian LR Ganapathy
Published: June 2024

Organic polymer resins generally cannot withstand temperatures exceeding 300°C, making them non-fire-resistant. However, inorganic alumino silicate polymers, synthesized by sodium silicate and sodium aluminate, have good thermal properties. This article discusses the synthesis of a geopolymer resin matrix based on different concentration ratios. The compositions of various constituent elements for the geopolymer matrix were varied, and hardeners were added with liquid solutions. The primary materials used are liquid sodium aluminate solution and sodium silicate solution, which are mixed with smaller quantities of fly ash and metakaolin. Several samples of geopolymer matrix were prepared and cured at elevated temperatures to remove water content. There was minimal shrinkage during curing. Microstructural tests were conducted to confirm the formation of a viable geopolymer resin, and the results confirmed the successful development of the geopolymer.
Comparison between laparoscopic and Open surgery in appendectomy and return-to-work
Authors: Al-Abdullah Rawan , abdullatif Raghad
Published: June 2024

Background: Laparoscopic appendectomy has rapidly become established as the popular alternative to open appendectomy, it has a safety profile better than open procedure.
Objectives: Laparoscopic procedure for appendectomy is compared with open surgical Technique with respect to: Duration of procedure, Post-operative pain, Cosmetic benefit, Complication encountered, Post-operative length of hospital stay, Return to the work
Methods and materials: A prospective retrospective study that included 200 male and female patients with acute appendicitis, Statistical comparison was made using the X2 test and the Students’ t’ test.
Results: In this study, the average pain score was 1.31 ± 0.49 in the laparoscopic surgery group, and the average pain score in the open surgery group was 3.27 ± 0.828, statistical significance (P<0.0001).
Vomiting occurred in 20% of laparoscopic surgery patients and 53% of open surgery patients. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.007). Wound infection occurred in 3% of laparoscopic surgery patients and 27% of open surgery patients. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01), fever occurred in 13% of laparoscopic surgery patients and 27% of open surgery patients, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).
The average hospital stay was 1.77 days in laparoscopic patients and 7.73 days in open surgery, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.0001).
The average return to work was 9.6 days in laparoscopic patients and 17.67 days in open surgery, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.0001).
The average duration of surgery was 36.17 minutes in laparoscopic patients, while it was 17.5 minutes in open surgery patients, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.0001).
Postoperative scar satisfaction was higher among patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery (87%), compared to open surgery (50%), with a statistically significant difference (p-value=0.004)
Conclusion: Laparoscopic appendectomy was better than open appendectomy in a properly prepared and selected patient in terms of Post-operative pain, Post-operative complications like vomiting, wound infection, fever, Duration of the hospital stay, return to the work, Cosmetic benefit, Overall, laparoscopic appendectomy is better than open appendectomy in the properly selected patients of acute appendicitis at the cost of increase in the duration of the time of surgery.
Letting AV Media Work for You
Authors: Stoddart Jarvis
Published: June 2024

Over the years, a great deal of research has been devoted to the study of the cost effectiveness of media. This article is an attempt to summarize some of the research as found in the books and articles listed in the references.
Macintosh Computer Viruses: Descriptions and Eradication Methods
Authors: Ffolliott Sheila
Published: June 2024

Computer viruses and trojan horse programs are computer programs that spread from computer to computer, sometimes (but not always) causing damage to data. Since the people who spread them are usually unaware that they are doing so, computer viruses pose a threat to those who use computers. This article concentrates on detection and prevention of viruses on Macintosh and IBM PC and compatible machines.
CONSUMERS ATTITUDE TOWARDS ELECTRIC CARS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KOLLAM DISTRICT
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Commerce, St.Johns College, Anchal., George Bainy
Published: June 2024

Automotive industry is undergoing a major transformation.Electric vehicles is gaining popularity owing to technological advancements,environmental benefits and government incentives.This paper presents a review regarding consumer attitude towards electric vehicles.Factors influencing the shift towards electric vehicles such as demographic,socio-economic,environmental and technological readiness are examined.80 respondents are taken for the study from Kollam District in Kerala.The study found a positive attitude towards electric cars. Cost,lack of different models,recharging concerns were the main hindering factors.Overcoming these factors with the help of technological advancement will result in a greener environment.
An Art in Sharing: Reflections on Somatic Attention and Queer Choreographies
Authors: Wynne-Jones Victoria
Published: June 2024

Looks at the ways in which the queer is performed, choreographed and received in contemporary art, particularly in relation to the ways in which connection functions in dancing and dance reception. Particular emphasis is given to the concept of intersubjectivity and its connective function, using theories taken from Hannah Arendt and Emmanuel Levinas. Examples of artworks by Forest V. Kapo, val smith are discussed. The concept of somatic attention is addressed, the ways in which somatics is a normative system that often generalises and promotes bodies that are homogenous, a-historical and so-called natural. Another central concept is kinaesthetic queerness and the role it might play in de-naturalising somatics and somatic attention. A brief history of how somatics came to the shores of Aotearoa New Zealand is included. A first-person account of the choreographic artwork Moving Backwards (2019) by Pauline Boudry and Renate Lorenz is included, exploring moving backwards as a way to physically perform resistance, challenge progress and encourage strange encounters that might be points of departure for the unexpected. The final section explores aspects of dancing and dance reception that are unchosen, employing theories of encounter gleaned from Levinas, arguing that his idea of appeal or call and response is an interesting model for the reception of dance.
EXPIRED AMOXICILLIN AND PENICILLIN V POTASSIUM TABLETS AS THE GREEN CORROSION INHIBITOR FOR LOWCARBON STEEL IN ACETIC ACID SOLUTION CONTAINING CHLORIDE IONS
Authors: Liang Yongshun , Lei Chaojie , Xu Lang , Li Ya , Yang Ting , Guo Junming , Xiang Mingwu , Bai Wei
Published: June 2024

The recycle and utilization of expired drugs is a challenge for many countries at present. The employment of expired drugs as green corrosion inhibitors is expected to address both drug recycling and corrosion prevention issues, with significant economic and environmental value. Herein, the individually and combination corrosion inhibition performance of expired amoxicillin (AMC) and penicillin V potassium tablets (PVP) for lowcarbon steel in 20% acetic acid solution containing 600 mg L-1 chloride ion are evaluated by electrochemistry and weight loss method. Both the AMC and PVP present the mixed-type corrosion inhibitors mainly affect the cathode process when used individually. The optimum inhibition efficiency is 61.22% (AMC) and 79.21% (PVP), which all appear in 5.0 × 10-3 mol L-1. The AMC and PVP are adsorbed on the steel surface by mixed physisorption and chemisorption, which are consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The corrosion inhibition rate drops sharply when AMC and PVP are combined use with a close mole ratio. But a small amount of PVP significantly enhance the corrosion inhibition effect of AMC, the corrosion inhibition rate from 61.22 to 79.72%. The corrosion inhibition rate of AMC and PVP combination inhibitor decreased with the increase of temperature.
Fe-TiO2 WITH LOW QUANTITY OF IRON EXTRACTED FROM (ILMENITE) MINING WASTE TO THE PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF CYANIDE IN WATER
Authors: Henao-Hoyos Yuli Marcela , Márquez-Godoy Marco Antonio , Carriazo José
Published: June 2024

Nanoparticles of TiO2 doped with low amount of Fe were synthesized from natural ilmenite obtained from alluvial gold mine wastes. The obtained TiO2 were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance, thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results confirm the formation of mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticles in anatase phase with 0.05 wt.% of iron possibly replacing some titanium places. All the characterizations were performed to the synthesized solid and the reference materials (TiO2 anatase and Degussa P25). The photocatalytic activity of both the synthesized solid and references were evaluated in the photo-oxidation of cyanide in aqueous medium under UV illumination. An experimental design type Box-Behnken was performed choosing three different parameters: the initial concentration of cyanide (50, 150 and 250 ppm) the catalyst load (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 g L-1) and the oxygen source. The percentage of cyanide conversion was chosen as response in the design obtaining as optimal conditions [CN-]0 = 50 ppm, catalyst load = 0.6 g L-1 and air bubbling. Under these conditions it was reached 32, 32 and 89% of cyanide conversion for Fe-TiO2 synthesized, TiO2 anatase and Degussa P25, respectively.
ANTI-SPERMAL ANTIBODIES AND PERIPHERAL DOPAMINE IN MEN WITH CONSIDERATION OF CONTRAST PHOTOPERIODISM IN THE EUROPEAN NORTH
Authors:   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Archangelsk, Tipisova E.V. , Alikina V.A. ,   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Archangelsk, Ziabisheva V.N. ,   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Archangelsk, Tipisov I.N. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Archangelsk, Elfimova A.E. ,   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Archangelsk, Molodovskaya I.N. ,   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Archangelsk
Published: June 2024

The physiological role of reference levels of antispermal antibodies (ASABs) in fertile men and mechanisms controlling their concentration are still not fully understood. It is hypothesized that they may contribute to the immunological tolerance of testicles in healthy organism. We investigated the relation between ASABs and dopamine in blood of different groups of males living in the European North with consideration of contrast photoperiodism. Participants were 20 Caucasian males in Arkhangelsk observed over 4 seasonal photoperiods and 108 male dwellers of local settlements (Caucasians, Nenets, komi and metis aborigines), and aborigines migrating nearby who were observed in the periods of minimal light days (December) and then in March. IFA was used to determine concentrations of ASABs in serum and dopamine in blood. Minimal ASABs and increasing dopamine were determined in Archangelsk in the period of maximal daylight hours and in the Caucasian males in settlements in the period of light time which can serve as an argument for specifying periods most favorable for conception. Males in settlements and migrants were distinguished by a higher ASABs level in comparison to the male population in Archangelsk in December against dopamine imbalance due to, probably, oxidative stress and increased permeability of the blood-testis barrier. This finding calls for a close attention to the reproductive system condition. Elevated ASABs levels were observed on the backgrounds of undetectable (0 nmol/l) and abnormal (>0.653 nmol/l) dopamine values, whereas decreased ASABs concentrations were found with dopamine at reference levels. Based on these results of the investigation we assume a dose-dependent dopamine effect on ASABs and propose a hypothesis that control of dopamine in blood could prevent autoimmune sterility.
Diseño basado en desempeño de estanques de almacenamiento de fluido de pared delgada: una alternativa para cumplir con los requerimientos de la propuesta de norma pr-NCh2369
Authors: Almazán José Luis , Tapia Nicolás , Colombo José Ignacio , Reyes Sergio
Published: June 2024

Durante el año 2021 concluyó el plazo de consulta pública del proyecto de modificación de la norma chilena de Diseño Sísmico de Estructuras e Instalaciones Industriales. Este proyecto, denominado pr-NCh2369, reemplazaría próximamente la actualmente vigente NCh2369 (2003). En este artículo se evalúan las implicancias que tendrán estas modificaciones en el análisis y diseño de estanques de pared delgada para el almacenamiento de fluidos. Entre los aspectos más destacables podemos mencionar: (1) se define un espectro elástico de referencia (que no existía en la versión anterior), el cual puede utilizarse para realizar análisis especiales y también para incorporar sistemas de protección sísmica, ya sea disipación de energía o aislamiento sísmico; (2) seestablece que el corte de diseño de la versión anterior es un corte mínimo, por lo tanto, los estanques nuevos con sistema de anclaje convencionales tendrían una demanda de corte basal igual o superior; (3) cuando corresponda, la interacción suelo-fundación-estanque debe incluirse explícitamente en el modelo; y (4) las estructuras susceptibles de falla prematura por pandeo (elástico o elasto-plástico) deben analizarse con el espectro elástico de referencia (R = 1). Con el propósito de facilitar la aplicación de esta propuesta de modificación normativa, se presenta una metodología general basada en criterios de desempeño, que se puede aplicar a estanques anclados y no anclados, como también a estanques con anclajes disipativos, considerando además fundación de tipo circular y anular.
Root Canal Treatment and Demand for Continuing Education among Thai Dental Practitioners
Authors: Wongwatanasanti Ninnita , Tungsawat Pakit , Suksaphar Warattama , Lertnantapanya Siripat , Yodmanotham Prattana
Published: June 2024

Background

In recent times, there have been significant advancements in the techniques and materials used for root canal treatment. Nevertheless, there is a lack of study on the current methods used for root canal treatment among dentists in Thailand. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to investigate the current root canal treatment procedures and the demand for continuing education among Thai dental practitioners.

Methods

The survey, consisting of two sections and a total of 25 questions, was randomly distributed to 412 dentists in Thailand, both online and offline. Data on demographics, information on current root canal treatment protocols, and demand for continuing education, were collected. The association between demographic data and current root canal treatment protocols was analyzed using the chi-square test. The data gathered were analyzed using the JASP statistical software version 0.18.

Results

Three hundred and ninety-four questionnaires were completed. Sixty percent of the respondents (236) regularly performed root canal treatment. Most respondents treated one to five anterior teeth weekly. Seventy-six percent of the respondents did not use magnification. Fifty-eight percent of the respondents used an electronic apex locator in conjunction with a radiograph to determine the working length. Forty-four percent of the respondents used hand files for mechanical instrumentation. Sodium hypochlorite was the most used irrigant, while cold lateral compaction was the preferred obturation technique. The participants revealed the most interest in enrolling in two to three-day short seminar courses.

Conclusion

More Thai dental practitioners strictly followed the standard protocol compared to the previous survey. The short seminar courses were the most preferred program for continuous education.