bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTIMACIÓN DE COSTOS DE INVERSIÓN PARA UN ESTUDIO DE CASO: DREN TOPO Y DREN CON TUBERÍA EN LA REGIÓN CENTRAL SANTAFESINA
Authors: CAMUSSI G. , MAINA M. , TRAVADELO M. , MARANO R.
Published: July 2019

El período 1970- 2018 se caracteriza, en gran parte de la región pampeana argentina, por la ocurrencia de eventos con predominio de excesos hídricos que pueden mitigarse con la aplicación de técnicas de manejo integradas. El objetivo del trabajo fue estimar y comparar, aplicando la metodología del estudio de casos, los costos de las inversiones necesarias para implementar dos técnicas de manejo de excesos hídricos: dren topo y dren tubo. Los resultados obtenidos se expresaron en pesos (08/2018), resultando los montos de la inversión de 9.268 $ ha-1 y 48.464 $ ha-1 ̧ y de VAN de $106.319 y $433.348 para el dren topo y tubo respectivamente. Resulta necesario relevar información correspondiente al impacto de ambas técnicas a fin de poder evaluar estos proyectos con respecto a otras alternativas viables desde el punto de vista técnico y económico.
Solar irradiation as an alternative bleaching process for agar extracted from Gracilariopsis heteroclada in Iloilo, Philippines
Authors: Endoma Leonilo F. , Nacional Loda M. , Luhan Rovilla J.
Published: July 2019

The current industrial practice of using chemical bleach to achieve the pure white colour of agar is deleterious to both human and environmental health. This study evaluates the potential of solar irradiation as an alternative bleaching process for agar extracted from Gracilariopsis heteroclada in Iloilo, Philippines. The physico-chemical properties of agar obtained from alkaline-treated seaweed after exposure to different bleaching conditions (e.g. solar irradiation, hypochlorite solution, and ultraviolet and fluorescent lights) were examined and compared with commercial bacteriological agar. Photobleaching through solar irradiation produced agar with superior gel strength (1038.61 g cm−2), high 3,6-anhydrogalactose content (41.44%) and low total inorganic sulphate content (1.87%) without compromising agar yield (19.37%). Solar irradiation offers very promising results as a simple, low-cost, environmentally friendly alternative to the chlorine bleaching process for agar extraction.
The crystal structure of 4-(pyren-1-yl)butyl-3-nitrobenzoate, C27H21NO4
Authors: Barrientos Claudio , Barahona Patricia , Guevara Juan Luis , Squella J. Arturo , Moris Silvana
Published: July 2019

C27H21NO4, triclinic,P1̄ (no. 2),a= 8.1182(5) Å,b= 9.0097(5) Å,c= 14.8013(10) Å,α= 72.603(2)°,β= 82.642(2)°,γ= 79.351(3)°,V= 1012.23(11) Å3,Z= 2,Rgt(F) = 0.0367,wRref(F2) = 0.1018,T= 150 K.
Using Microtechnology to Quantify Torso Angle During Match-Play in Field Hockey
Authors: Warman Geoffrey E. , Cole Michael H. , Johnston Rich D. , Chalkley Daniel , Pepping Gert-Jan
Published: July 2019

Warman, GE, Cole, MH, Johnston, RD, Chalkley, D, and Pepping, GJ. Using microtechnology to quantify torso angle during match-play in field hockey. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2648–2654, 2019—Field hockey is played in a dynamic environment placing specific postural demands on athletes. Little research has been devoted to understanding the nature of a player's torso postures in field hockey match-play and its relationship with the perceptuomotor demands of the sport. We used commercially available microtechnology worn by 16 athletes during a 6-match national tournament to quantify torso flexion/extension angles. Orientation was derived using the inertial and magnetic sensors housed within global positioning system devices, assessing torso angle in the sagittal plane from 91 individual match files. The main independent variable was playing position, whereas the dependent variable was torso flexion/extension, presented as a percentage of playing time spent in 15 × 10° torso postural bands ranging from ≥40° extension to ≥90° flexion. It was shown that athletes spent 89.26% of their playing time in various torso postures, ranging from 20 to 90° of flexion. Defenders spent more time than midfielders (p = 0.004, effect size [ES] = 0.43) and strikers (p = 0.004; ES = 0.44) in the posture band of 10–20° torso flexion, whereas midfielders spent more time between 20 and 30° of torso flexion (p = 0.05; ES = 0.32) than strikers. Conversely, strikers spent more time between 30 and 40° of flexion than defenders (p < 0.001; ES = 0.74). These results reflect the sport-specific and role-specific torso angles adopted by field hockey athletes during match-play. Coaching staff can use these data to gain insight into the postural demands of their sport and inform the preparation of athletes for the perception-action demands of competition.
Solar Radiation Exposure Has Diurnal Effects on Thermoregulatory Responses During High-Intensity Exercise in the Heat Outdoors
Authors: Otani Hidenori , Goto Takayuki , Goto Heita , Hosokawa Yuri , Shirato Minayuki
Published: July 2019

Otani, H, Goto, T, Goto, H, Hosokawa, Y, and Shirato, M. Solar radiation exposure has diurnal effects on thermoregulatory responses during high-intensity exercise in the heat outdoors. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2608–2615, 2019—This study investigated the diurnal effects of variations in solar radiation associated with changing solar elevation angle on thermoregulatory responses during high-intensity exercise in the heat outdoors. Ten male high school soccer players completed two 2-hour soccer training sessions under a clear sky in the heat of summer. These sessions were commenced at 0900 hours (AM) and 1600 hours (PM) on separate days. Solar radiation and elevation angle were higher in AM (820–1,070 W·m−2 and 45–69°) than PM (620–110 W·m−2 and 34–10°: both p < 0.001). Neither ambient temperature (AM 29–32° C; PM 31–31° C) nor wet-bulb globe temperature was different between trials. Although mean skin temperature was not different between trials, infrared tympanic temperature was higher at the end of exercise in AM than PM (p < 0.001). Heart rate (p < 0.01) and body heat gain from the sun (p < 0.001) were greater during exercise in AM than PM. Dry heat loss was smaller, but evaporative heat loss was greater in AM than PM (both p < 0.001). Thermal sensation and rating of perceived exertion were similar between trials, but GPS measurements showed a less total distance and distance covered by walking, jogging, and running in AM than PM (p < 0.01). This study demonstrates a greater thermoregulatory strain in AM than PM during 2-hour high-intensity soccer training in the heat under a clear sky. This observation is accompanied by a progressive increase in environmental heat stress with rising solar radiation and elevation angle in AM and a greater body heat gain from the sun in AM compared with PM.
Trunk Muscle Endurance, Flexibility, Stride Foot Balance, and Contralateral Trunk Lean in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Myrick Karen M. , Pallone Adam S. , Feinn Richard S. , Ford Kaitlin M. , Garbalosa Juan C.
Published: July 2019

Myrick, KM, Pallone, AS, Feinn, RS, Ford, KM, and Garbalosa, JC. Trunk muscle endurance, flexibility, stride foot balance, and contralateral trunk lean in collegiate baseball pitchers. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2641–2647, 2019—The incidence of shoulder and elbow injuries in baseball is increasing. The trunk is crucial to transmission of energy from lower limbs, achieving the largest angular momentum and torque during pitching, and controlling acceleration of the arm. Excessive contralateral trunk lean has been correlated with increased ball velocity and forces on the elbow. Underlying biomechanical causes contributing toward excessive lean have not been well described. Previous studies outlined the importance of trunk muscle strength and endurance. Understanding contributing factors associated with contralateral lean and pitch velocity may be helpful in pitching performance, informing strength and conditioning protocols, and preventing injuries. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between trunk muscle endurance and flexibility, and stride foot balance with contralateral lean during pitching. Level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Pitching motion analysis and functional assessments were obtained. Three-dimensional motion analysis was used. Average degree of contralateral lean was 2.33° (SD = 3.66). No statistically significant relationships were identified between trunk muscle endurance, flexibility, and stride foot balance with contralateral lean; moderate negative association between contralateral lean and pitch speed (B = −0.631, p = 0.175) was identified along with negative association of ipsilateral maximum trunk rotation (r = −0.108, p = 0.208) and ipsilateral side plank (r = −0.095, p = 0.194) with contralateral lean. Contralateral lean does not appear influenced by trunk muscle endurance, flexibility, or stride foot balance, and does not increase pitch velocity in high velocity pitchers. Future study is warranted to determine why contralateral lean exists at lower pitch velocities, and not at higher velocities.
Making a Difference for Whom?
Authors: Ganz Johnanna
Published: July 2019

Scholarship on victim advocacy—working with victims of violence—has received little attention outside issues of burnout and vicarious trauma. Conceptually, few studies examine the complex relationship between social identities of workers and clients even though these identities frame all interactions, both consciously and unconsciously. Methodologically, the majority of studies rely upon quantitative data collection. My research breaks new conceptual and methodological ground by using autoethnography to examine the subtle ways racial privilege and oppression frame the relationships workers and clients hold with one another. This work blends the experiential with the critical through problematizing the author's complicity in replicating structures of racial power while working with a client in crisis. The study concludes by calling for a critical examination of social identities in advocacy work.
Застосування теорії поколінь у консультуванні персоналу організації
Authors: Лютак Оксана
Published: July 2019

У статті проаналізовано можливість застосування теорії поколінь до консуль­ту­ван­ня персоналу організаціі. Дана теорія допоможе працівникам краще розуміти вікові особ­ливості один одного, відповідно покращити якість взаємодії як по горизонталі, так і по вертикалі; призведе до зростання продуктивності праці і мотивації роботи.
Development of a Multiparent Population for Genetic Mapping and Allele Discovery in Six-Row Barley
Authors: Hemshrot Alex , Poets Ana M , Tyagi Priyanka , Lei Li , Carter Corey K , Hirsch Candice N , Li Lin , Brown-Guedira Gina , Morrell Peter L , Muehlbauer Gary J , Smith Kevin P
Published: July 2019

Germplasm collections hold valuable allelic diversity for crop improvement and genetic mapping of complex traits. To gain access to the genetic diversity within the USDA National Small Grain Collection (NSGC), we developed the Barley Recombinant Inbred Diverse Germplasm Population (BRIDG6), a six-row spring barley multiparent population (MPP) with 88 cultivated accessions crossed to a common parent (Rasmusson). The parents were randomly selected from a core subset of the NSGC that represents the genetic diversity of landrace and breeding accessions. In total, we generated 6160 F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), with an average of 69 and a range of 37–168 RILs per family, that were genotyped with 7773 SNPs, with an average of 3889 SNPs segregating per family. We detected 23 quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with flowering time with five QTL found coincident with previously described flowering time genes. A major QTL was detected near the flowering time gene, HvPpd-H1 which affects photoperiod. Haplotype-based analysis of HvPpd-H1 identified private alleles to families of Asian origin conferring both positive and negative effects, providing the first observation of flowering time-related alleles private to Asian accessions. We evaluated several subsampling strategies to determine the effect of sample size on the power of QTL detection, and found that, for flowering time in barley, a sample size >50 families or 3000 individuals results in the highest power for QTL detection. This MPP will be useful for uncovering large and small effect QTL for traits of interest, and identifying and utilizing valuable alleles from the NSGC for barley improvement.
THE EFFECT OF WORK MOTIVATION ON THE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENTS AS MODERATION VARIABLES AT PT. ASURANSI JIWASRAYA, DENPASAR
Authors: SUARTINA I Wayan , SADIARTHA Anak Agung Ngurah Gede
Published: July 2019

Employee Performance is a particular concern for all companies because the achievement of company goals and objectives are dependent on the performance of HR in it. In carrying out the activities of the company Human Resources are influenced by many factors including the influence of internal and external factors. It can be understood that the problem of improving performance is not a problem that can be resolved directly. After going through the calculation results obtained the significance level of research for work motivation system variables on organizational performance by 0,000 <0,05, so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, in other words work motivation has a significant effect on employee performance. There is a positive and significant influence between work motivation on employee performance at PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya, Denpasar seen from the results of t-test obtained t1-count is 5.159 greater than t-table of 1,671 and sig value 0.000 so the first hypothesis is suspected that work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, accepted. Organizational commitment is able to moderate the effect of work motivation on employee performance. Based on the calculation results obtained by Zhitung (3.19)> Z table (1.98), in other words organizational commitment is an intervening variable (moderation) that connects work motivation with employee performance.Keywords: work motivation, employee performance, organizational commitment.JEL Codes: J21, M10
Pojęcie i zakres polityki rachunkowości w polskich oraz w międzynarodowych regulacjach rachunkowości
Authors: Stępień Konrad
Published: July 2019

Accounting policy can be interpreted and defined in numerous ways. It is often associated with the principles of accounting. The scope of accounting policy is also determined in a variety of ways.The study examines accounting policy in the context of accounting principles and defines the concept of accounting policy. It compares the scope of accounting policy defined in Polish and international accounting regulations and indicates differences in this area. In so doing, it analyses the subject literature and legal acts, comparing them and drawing deductions.Currently, Polish legal regulations do not match international regulations in terms of how they define accounting policy and its scope. While Poland is gradually adjusting its regulations to EU regulations, the scope of accounting policy has still not been standardized.The analysis shows that accounting policy is not determined by accounting principles, but by the choosing if these principles. The selected accounting policies are the result of accounting policy and evidence of its implementation. On the other hand, in accounting regulations (Polish Accounting Act, IAS), accounting policy is synonymous with the principles or as detailed accounting solutions, which is incorrect. In addition, there is considerable discrepancy in the scope of accounting policy in the Polish Accounting Act and IAS.
Crowdfunding jako innowacyjna metoda finansowania start-upów
Authors: Rymarczyk Jan
Published: July 2019

An innovative form of financing, crowdfunding consists of raising cash online to realise charity and commercial projects. It has played a smaller role than other forms of innovative financing that do not rely on traditional intermediaries. With a relatively short history, advantages and constraints that are not well known and, in many countries, a lack of right legal regulations, confidence in its effectiveness is rare. This holds particularly in the countries of East Central Europe, including Poland, which have only gradually adopted the global economy’s instruments and innovative methods of financing. There is therefore a need to disseminate knowledge on crowdfunding and to show that it can meaningfully increase development, especially of small firms and start-ups, as a complementary and sometimes alternative source of financing. The paper uses empirical, theoretical and general logic methods to analyse the subject literature, reports from international organisations and online sources of information.
Türkçe Ders Kitaplarındaki Metinlerin İlettiği Değerler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: TÜRKBEN Tuncay
Published: July 2019

Değerlerimiz
ve yetkinliklerle bütünleşmiş bilgi, beceri ve davranışlara sahip nitelikli
bireylerin yetişmesinde Türkçe ders kitabı metinlerinin katkısı yadsınamaz.
Öğretim programlarının perspektifini oluşturan değerlerin öğrencilere
aktarılmasında bu metinler, temel araç konumundadır. Bu çalışmada, 2018 yılı
Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı doğrultusunda hazırlanmış Türkçe ders kitapları,
değerler iletimi açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma
yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Metinler, oluşturulan “Değerler
İnceleme Formu”na göre taranmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular tablolar halinde
verilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre metinlerin değerleri iletmede yetersiz
kaldığı görülmektedir. Türkçe ders kitapları metinleri arasında değerler
iletimi açısından bir dengenin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Benzer şekilde ders
kitaplarındaki değerlerin dağılımında da bir dengenin gözetilmediği
görülmektedir. Ders kitaplarındaki metinlerde en fazla sevgi, saygı,
yardımlaşma, duyarlılık, çalışkanlık, dayanışma değerleri yer alırken; en az
iletilen değerlerin ise tasarruf, eşitlik, adalet olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Elde edilen bulgular,  alanyazından elde
edilen bulgularla birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları
doğrultusunda birtakım önerilere de yer verilmiştir.
Ana Dili Eğitiminde Popüler Kültür Metinlerinin Kullanımına Yönelik Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin ve Velilerin Görüşleri
Authors: BAL Mazhar
Published: July 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin Türkçe dersiyle popüler kültür metinlerinin ilişkilendirilmesine yönelik öğretmen ve veli görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir.  Bu yüzden durum çalışmasıyla desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu; 4 Türkçe öğretmeni, 48 veliden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu, ses kaydı kullanılmıştır. Öğretmen, veli görüşleri içerik analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma verilerine göre Türkçe öğretmenleri ve velilerin çoğu, popüler kültür metinlerinin Türkçe dersiyle ilişkilendirilmesinin gerekli olduğunu belirtmiştir. Gerekçe olarak ise popüler kültür metinlerinin, öğrenme-öğretme sürecini olumlu yönde etkileyeceğini ve öğrencilerin kendilerini okula daha ait hissedeceğini göstermişlerdir. Araştırmanın sonucunda dikkat çeken bir diğer ortak nokta ise popüler kültür metinlerine yönelik velilerin ve öğretmenlerin çoğu, olumsuz bir algıya sahip olmalarıdır. Bu olumsuz algıya rağmen popüler kültür metinlerinin öğrencilerin günlük yaşamında vazgeçilmez olduğunu düşündükleri için Türkçe dersinde kullanılmasının gerekliliğini savundukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Konuşma Eğitiminin Program ve Ders Kitabı Ekseninde Uygulamaya Yansıması
Authors: ÜNSAL Faruk , BENZER Ahmet
Published: July 2019

Konuşma eğitimi, dört temel beceri içerisinde en çok
kullanılan ikinci beceridir. Eğitimi hususunda alandan elde edilecek veriler,
becerinin öğretimi hususunda araştırmacılara yön gösterecektir. Bunun için
konuşma eğitimine yönelik değişkenler ve Türkçe öğretmenlerinin bu değişkenler
hakkındaki görüşlerini tespit etmek araştırmada amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış anket
kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilim deseni ile
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada Türkçe derslerinin genelinde okuma, yazma,
dinleme ve konuşma becerileri içerisinde en az eğitimin konuşma becerisi
üzerine olduğu görülmüştür. Ders kitabından örnek olarak alınmış konuşma
etkinlikleriyle ilgili öğretmenlerin yönerge eksikliği, öğrencinin ilgisini
çekememe, uygulanmasının zor olması gibi nedenlerle etkinlikleri yetersiz
görmektedir. Öğretmenler tarafından en çok “Tartışma’’ ve “Katılımlı
Konuşma’’nın kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Araştırma ile ders kitaplarındaki konuşma
etkinliklerinin gerçek yaşamın içinden konuşma örnekleriyle zenginleştirilmiş,
öğrencilerin ilgi ve seviyelerine uygun, yönergelerle desteklenmiş ve öğrencilerin
sözel ifade gücünü artırıcı nitelikte olması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Ders Kitaplarındaki Konuşma Etkinliklerinin Konuşma Türleri Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: KURUDAYIOĞLU Mehmet
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırma, yabancı dil olarak Türkçenin öğretimi
kitap setlerinde konuşma etkinliklerinin hangi konuşma türlerinin öğretimine
yönelik olarak tasarlandığını ortaya koymayı amaçlayan nitel bir çalışmadır.
Araştırmada, bu amaca ulaşmak ve veri toplamak için doküman incelemesinden
yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın inceleme nesnesini temel düzeyi temsilen Yedi
İklim ve İstanbul setlerinden A1 düzeyi kitapları, orta düzeyi temsilen B1
düzeyi kitapları ve ileri düzeyi temsilen C1 düzeyi kitapları oluşturmaktadır.
Veriler içerik analizi kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. İçerik analizi sonucunda
elde edilen veriler frekans hesaplamaları kullanılarak sınıflandırılmıştır.
İnceleme neticesinde temel, orta ve ileri düzey
yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi kitaplarında bulunan hazırlıklı konuşma
etkinliklerine göre hazırlıksız konuşma etkinliklerinin nicel olarak çok düşük
olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sonuçtan hareketle hazırlıklı ve hazırlıksız konuşma
etkinliklerinin sayısında bir denge gözetilmesi önerilmektedir
Gümüş Nanopartiküllerinin Üzüm Çekirdeği Ekstraktının Endotoksik Kalp Dokusundaki Histolojik Değişiklere ve TNF-α ve BNP Ekspresyonuna Etkisi
Authors: DOĞANYİĞİT Züleyha , ÖZTÜRK KÜP Fatma , KAYMAK Emin , OKAN Aslı , KOÇAK Burçin , AKİN Ali Tuğrul
Published: July 2019

LPS tarafından oluşturulan endotokseminin
patofizyolojik mekanizmalarının anlaşılmasında ve tedavisinde pek çok strateji
geliştirilmesine rağmen, hala yoğun bakım ünitelerinin en önemli problemlerinden
biridir. Bu çalışmada, endotoksik şok üzerine üzüm çekirdeği kullanılarak
biyolojik olarak sentezlenmiş gümüş nanopartiküllerin (AgNP) koruyucu bir
etkisi olup olmadığının kalp dokusundaki histolojik değişiklikler ve BNP
ekspresyonlarındaki değişimler ortaya konularak belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma için 80 adet
Wistar albino cinsi yetişkin erkek sıçan 8 eşit gruba ayrılmıştır.  Çalışma sonucunda Kontrol
ve AgNP uygulanan gruplarda sağlıklı normal bir kalp görüntüsü izlenirken, LPS
uygulanan grupta hücre çekirdeklerinde küçülme ve yapısal olarak düzensizlik görülmüştür.
LPS ile birlikte AgNP uygulanan gruplarda normale yakın görüntü izlenmiştir.
TNF-α ve BNP immünreaktivite sonuçlarının LPS grubunda kontrol grubuna göre
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde arttığı, LPS ile birlikte AgNP uygulanan
gruplarda ise artmış olan TNF-α ve BNP immünreaktivitesinin kontrol grubuna
benzer şekilde olduğu görülmüştür.
Географические особенности старения населения России
Authors: Петросян Артур Нельсонович , Шевчук Егор Игоревич , Кириллов Павел Линардович , Мозгунов Никита Александрович
Published: July 2019

Статья посвящена поиску географических особенностей демографического старения с точки зрения экономической границы старости – возраста выхода на пенсию. Исследование основано на демографической статистике Росстата и Отдела народонаселения ООН. На основе данных, агрегированных по пространственным ячейкам различных уровней, изучены возможные связи старения населения с осуществлением мер социальной политики в сфере пенсионного регулирования. Была проверена гипотеза о зависимости между низким уровнем и высокими темпами старения населения для стран мира и субъектов Российской Федерации.

Картографический и статистический анализ пространственных данных на уровне регионов и муниципалитетов РФ позволил выделить и описать основные географические факторы дифференциации старения населения. Наиболее стремительно «стареют» национальные субъекты РФ, а также северные регионы нового освоения (автономные округа) с минимальным удельным весом лиц пенсионного возраста. В то же время до сих пор большую роль в темпах старения играет эффект демографических волн – эхо социальных потрясений XX века. На протяжении текущего столетия влияние этого процесса будет всё больше ослабевать.

На локальном уровне этническая и сельско-городская дифференциация сменяется миграционной: продолжаются процессы концентрации трудоспособного населения в крупнейших агломерациях. Основными ареалами концентрации «молодого» населения становятся региональные центры, районы компактного проживания представителей этносов с высоким суммарным коэффициентом рождаемости (СКР), а также некоторые другие территории «азонального» характера.
Многолетний анализ особенностей учета несчастных случаев на производстве в России
Authors: Тихонова Галина Ильинична , Чуранова Анастасия Николаевна
Published: July 2019

Класс внешних причин – один из ведущих в формировании сверхсмертности мужчин трудоспособного возраста. В России велико количество травмоопасных отраслей и число погибших на производстве в результате несчастных случаев. При изучении производственного травматизма (ПТ) выделяют травматизм общий и со смертельным исходом.

Несколько десятилетий наблюдается устойчивое снижение частоты производственных травм при ухудшающихся условиях труда. В 2016 г. коэффициент ПТ составил в России 1,3 на 1000 работников, а в старых странах Европы – 7,2-34,6‰. Исходя из опыта развитых стран, для оценки вероятного общего числа пострадавших на производстве в странах с плохим учетом Международная организация труда рекомендует использовать отношение общего числа травм к 1 случаю гибели, равное 500-1000:1. Возможность использования данной характеристики для России подтвердил исторический анализ. Приближенное к современным показателям в Европе отношение регистрировалось в России в 1904-1930 гг. В 2016 г. оно составляло лишь 21:1. При рекомендуемом показателе число пострадавших на производстве в России могло составить 1,0-2,1 млн по сравнению с 39,9 тыс. официально зарегистрированных.

В Плане мероприятий по реализации третьего этапа Концепции демографической политики в РФ предусмотрено сокращение смертности в трудоспособном возрасте за счет улучшения условий и охраны труда, включающего внедрение новой системы управления охраной труда, основанной на оценке профессиональных рисков. ПТ – один из двух официальных статистических показателей состояния здоровья работающих. Массовое сокрытие несчастных случаев препятствует формированию адекватной информационной базы и принятию обоснованных управленческих решений.
Más allá del mar: la construcción del Pacífico español, Siglos XVI-XVII
Authors: Hernández-Legorreta Cutberto
Published: July 2019

En este artículo examina las expansiones españolas entre los siglos XVI y XVII hacia “oriente” que resulto en la conquista y colonización de las islas Marianas (1668-1676) como un ejemplo de la construcción de lo que se ha intentado llamar entre los estudiosos del periodo y del proceso como “El Pacífico español” en clara referencia al “Mediterráneo romano” la narrativa se centra en los avances principalmente de carácter religioso, que corresponde a la lógica que se seguía en el período de estudio, resulta interesante  explorar la dinámica que siguió la construcción de la frontera católica en las posesiones españolas del Pacífico.Uno de los objetivos es analizar cuáles fueron los cambios culturales que se produjeron a partir de los mecanismos utilizados por los misioneros jesuitas para convertir las islas Marianas al catolicismo. Se sabe que en paralelo se produjeron los primeros mártires –Diego Luis de San Vítores, Luis de Medina y Sebastián de Monroy, SJ, entre otros– ampliamente documentado aquí y en el acervo global, las nuevas tecnologías permiten el acceso a una masa de información, sin embargo, el artículo esta se fundamente en buena parte documentos originales que, si bien en ocasiones se encuentran en repositorios digitales, no es el caso para los consultados en esta ocasión.
From Selective Exposure to Selective Information Processing: A Motivated Reasoning Approach
Authors: Camaj Lindita
Published: July 2019

Literature suggests that while without doubt people engage in selective exposure to information, this does not entail that they also engage in selective avoidance of opinion-challenging information. However, cross-cutting exposure does not always lead to dispassionate deliberation. In this commentary I explore psychological conditions as they apply to attitude-based selection and make an argument that selectivity does not stop at exposure but continues as audiences engage with information they encounter and incorporate in their decision-making. I propose the theory of motivated reasoning as a rich theoretical underpinning that helps us understand selective exposure and selective information processing.
Selective Exposure in a Changing Political and Media Environment
Authors: Humanes María Luisa
Published: July 2019

Currently, the transformations occurring in media systems (especially those relating to technologies, the Internet and social networks) have led to a renewed interest in analysing the conditions that potentially foster selective exposure and, specifically, politically-oriented selection. As a result, that theory is now among the 21st century’s top eight most used approaches (Bryant & Miron, 2004, p. 696). This thematic issue addresses some of the key questions about selective exposure and associated phenomena by means of two comment articles and three research articles.
Ein Interview mit Josef Richter
Authors: Richter Josef , Bacher Johann , Müller Werner G.
Published: July 2019

Das Interview mit Josef Richter wurde von Johann Bacher und Werner G. M\"uller am 28.3.2019 durchgef\"uhrt.Es beleuchtet die Entwicklungen in der amtlichen und angewandten Statistik insbesondere der Input-Output Analyse und Richters Rolle in der Österreichischen Statistischen Gesellschaft und bei der Entstehung des aktuellen Statistikgesetzes. Außerdem wird auf aktuelle Debatten eingegangen und ein Ausblick für das Fach Statistik gegeben. \\

Josef Richter war von 1967 bis 2003 in der Abteilung für Statistik in der Wirtschaftskammer tätig; 1979 bis 1990 auch Konsulent des Statistischen Zentralamts für methodische Fragen der Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnung. Seit 1983 Lehrtätigkeit an der Universität Innsbruck und an der Universität Linz. Nach 2003 freiberuflich vor allem in Projekten für Eurostat tätig, darunter auch geblockte Vorlesungen für Mitarbeiter von Eurostat. Zahlreiche Forschungsarbeiten, vor allem auf dem Gebiet der Input-Output Analyse; mehr als 100 einschlägige Publikationen. Im Zentrum seines Interesses stehen derzeit vor allem Basiskonzepte der Statistik und die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der empirischen Verankerung der Wirtschaftsforschung.
Spatiotemporal Variation of Crustal Anisotropy in the Source Area of the 2004 Niigata, Japan Earthquake
Authors: Cao Lingmin , Kao Honn , Wang Kelin , Chen Chuanxu , Mori Jim , Ohmi Shiro , Gao Yuan
Published: July 2019

We investigate the spatiotemporal pattern of crustal anisotropy in the source area of the 2004 Niigata earthquake (M 6.8) that occurred in the northern segment of the Niigata–Kobe tectonic zone, central Japan, by measuring shear‐wave splitting parameters from waveform data of local earthquakes. Our results show that the fast polarization directions in the upper crust have spatial variations across the region of the earthquake that are likely caused by both structural and stress field effects. The northwest–southeast direction near the northeastern end of the source zone (beneath station N.NGOH) and the east–west direction to the southwest (beneath station N.KWNH) are consistent with the spatial variation of the orientation of the maximum compression of the local stress field. Fast polarization directions at other stations tend to align in the directions of active faults and folds and thus are considered to be structure induced. These spatial patterns were unaffected by the earthquake. However, at two stations (N.NGOH and N.KWNH) we observe an increase in both the average and scatter of the normalized delay times (δt) during the aftershock period. In addition, two stations (HIROKA and N.YNTH) that are located in the strike‐normal direction east of the source area show an increase in the average of the normalized δt and a rotation of up to 90° of the fast direction immediately after the mainshock. We also notice that stations located very close to the source fault (DP.YMK and DP.OJK) show larger average delay times compared with stations farther away (HIROKA and N.YNTH) during the postseismic stage. To explain the temporal changes in the strength of the anisotropy, we speculate that spatiotemporal variations in microcrack development in and around the source area could be caused by static stress changes due to tectonic deformation and the earthquake rupture.
Azimuthally Dependent Seismic‐Wave Coherence at the Source Physics Experiment Large‐N Array
Authors: Darrh Andréa , Poppeliers Christian , Preston Leiph
Published: July 2019

We document azimuthally dependent seismic scattering at the Source Physics Experiment (SPE) using the large‐N array. The large‐N array recorded the seismic wavefield produced by the SPE‐5 buried chemical explosion, which occurred in April 2016 at the Nevada National Security Site, U.S.A. By selecting a subset of vertical‐component geophones from the large‐N array, we formed 10 linear arrays, with different nominal source–receiver azimuths as well as six 2D arrays. For each linear array, we evaluate wavefield coherency as a function of frequency and interstation distance. For both the P arrival and post‐P arrivals, the coherency is higher in the northeast propagation direction, which is consistent with the strike of the steeply dipping Boundary fault adjacent to the northwest side of the large‐N array. Conventional array analysis using a suite of 2D arrays suggests that the presence of the fault may help explain the azimuthal dependence of the seismic‐wave coherency for all wave types. This fault, which separates granite from alluvium, may be acting as a vertically oriented refractor and/or waveguide.
Unsupervised Large‐Scale Search for Similar Earthquake Signals
Authors: Yoon Clara E. , Bergen Karianne J. , Rong Kexin , Elezabi Hashem , Ellsworth William L. , Beroza Gregory C. , Bailis Peter , Levis Philip
Published: July 2019

Seismology has continuously recorded ground‐motion spanning up to decades. Blind, uninformed search for similar‐signal waveforms within this continuous data can detect small earthquakes missing from earthquake catalogs, yet doing so with naive approaches is computationally infeasible. We present results from an improved version of the Fingerprint And Similarity Thresholding (FAST) algorithm, an unsupervised data‐mining approach to earthquake detection, now available as open‐source software. We use FAST to search for small earthquakes in 6–11 yr of continuous data from 27 channels over an 11‐station local seismic network near the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant in central California. FAST detected 4554 earthquakes in this data set, with a 7.5% false detection rate: 4134 of the detected events were previously cataloged earthquakes located across California, and 420 were new local earthquake detections with magnitudes −0.3≤ML≤2.4, of which 224 events were located near the seismic network. Although seismicity rates are low, this study confirms that nearby faults are active. This example shows how seismology can leverage recent advances in data‐mining algorithms, along with improved computing power, to extract useful additional earthquake information from long‐duration continuous data sets.
Bunge e Sanbra: formação de grupos econômicos no Brasil (1923-1994)
Authors: Costa Armando J. D. , Silva Gustavo P.
Published: July 2019

Este artigo identifica os motivos que levaram a Sociedade Algodoeira do Nordeste Brasileiro, S. A. (Sanbra), subsidiária da Bunge Brasil, a se tornar um grupo econômico. Será analisada sua história de mais de 70 anos, de 1923 até 1994, quando a firma foi incorporada na reestruturação da Bunge. O artigo baseia-se em fontes primárias consultadas no Centro de Memória Bunge, em São Paulo, sobretudo os Relatórios de Diretoria e Balanços Anuais e a revista Atualidades Sanbra. Teoricamente seguirá os autores que tratam da formação de business groups em economias periféricas. Como conclusão prévia pode-se afirmar que alguns fatores contribuíram para a transformação da Sanbra em grupo econômico, principalmente o reinvestimento do capital próprio, o lançamento de novos produtos, a atuação em diversos setores, relacionamento com fontes creditícias do Estado, assim como a ocupação do território nacional.
Nuevos sujetos de derecho: un estudio de las decisiones judiciales más relevantes
Authors: Molano Bustacara Alejandra , Murcia Riaño Diana Milena
Published: July 2019

Este texto es una revisión de jurisprudencia internacional y nacional con elobjetivo de presentar y evaluar las consideraciones de las sentencias colombianasque han intentado abrir camino al reconocimiento de nuevos sujetos de derechos,y de las sentencias extranjeras que les sirvieron como fundamento. Para lograreste objetivo (i) se realizan precisiones conceptuales sobre los términos de ladiscusión en derecho; (ii) se estudian los antecedentes judiciales internacionales;(iii) se estudia la jurisprudencia colombiana relevante y (iv) se presentan unasreflexiones adicionales a las de cada sentencia, a modo de conclusión, sobre losprincipales retos o problemas que surgen.
LA BIOÉTICA Y LA PAZ: ELEMENTOS PARA UNA SABIDURÍA CONTEMPORÁNEA. ENTRE VISIÓN Y MÉTODO; ENTRE ESTADO Y PROCESO
Authors: Hottois Gilbert
Published: July 2019

Pacificación y reconciliación son nociones y procesos diferentes. Si la reconciliación implica la pacificación, lo inverso no es verdadero. Una evolución cognitiva y emocional más profunda puede desarrollar una cierta comprensión, incluso, un respeto mutuo ante la posibilidad de una reconciliación facilitada, algunas veces, por el sueño de un retorno a la armonía anterior a los conflictos. Por lo cual, los relatos son muy importantes. Tengo la intención de tratar una noción estrechamente ligada a la filosofía: la noción de sabiduría. Sabiduría y paz no son conceptos tan alejados uno del otro. Examinaré lo que la sabiduría puede aún significar hoy día, en un mundo tan alejado de aquel en cuyo seno ella aparece.
SIGNIFICACIÓN BIOÉTICA DE DIVERSIDAD, SOLIDARIDAD Y JUSTICIA EN TORNO AL CONFLICTO DE OBLIGACIÓN CONFIGURADO EN LA ACCIÓN BIOTECNOLÓGICA SOBRE RECURSOS ZOOGENÉTICOS NATURALIZADOS
Authors: Serrano César Augusto
Published: July 2019

En medio de la reflexión acerca de las implicaciones que se derivan del ejercicio biotecnológico en la intervención de recursos zoogenéticos naturalizados en Colombia, a los que usualmente se vinculan actores sociales con alto grado de vulnerabilidad/vulneración, no solo surge la preocupación de conciliar estrategias que preserven tanto la integridad ambiental como la social, sino que emerge un conflicto de obligación relativo al ejercicio veterinario. Esta situación difícilmente se resuelve bajo los marcos de la ética tradicional, dada la dicotomía naturaleza/sociedad presente en las teorías disponibles. De esta manera el presente trabajo intenta re-significar tres elementos conceptuales recurrentes en la literatura preocupada por el tema tecno-científico: Diversidad, Solidaridad y Justicia, desde la propuesta de Bioética Global de Potter, vinculando revisión crítica de literatura y aportes de agentes biotecnólogos mediante una metodología originada en el giro empírico de la bioética, la cual vincula descripciones provenientes del reconocimiento de la realidad, en la elaboración de una propuesta bioética, con lo que se pretende aportar conceptual y metodológicamente elementos de abordaje de los problemas derivados de la tecno-ciencia en el campo de las ciencias agrarias con criterios bioéticos.
Presentación
Authors: Escobar Triana Jaime
Published: July 2019

Presentación del núemro 13(1) de la Revista Colombiana de Bioética
¿QUÉ HACER EN EL POSTCONFLICTO PARA ALCANZAR LA PAZ EN EL SENO DE LA FAMILIA COLOMBIANA?
Authors: Cabrera Díaz Esperanza , Molina-Sánchez Deicy
Published: July 2019

El artículo de reflexión se propuso como objetivo analizar la violencia en el seno de la familia si se quiere lograr una paz real en Colombia. Deliberar sobre la paz posible en Colombia, exige volver la mirada a la historia de violencia en el seno de la familia colombiana. El modelo de pater familiae, cuyo origen es muy primitivo, constituye el acervo cultural transmitido de una a otra generación, establece al hombre como dueño absoluto de bienes, posesiones, mujer e hijos y esclavos. Esta violencia silenciosa y habitual es un problema de salud pública, ha convertido al espacio familiar en el más peligroso para mujeres, niños y niñas y ha formado personas resentidas socialmente. Esto requiere transformar el modelo patriarcal tradicional del hombre, de la mujer y de los hijos/as en el seno de la familia. La violencia en el seno familiar reclama ser tenida en cuenta en el postconflicto, para crear estrategias eficaces que logren alcanzar un país realmente en paz
Caquetá: De Territorio de Guerra a Territorio de Paz
Authors: Casanova Farid , Higuera-Acevedo Clara Lucía
Published: July 2019

El devenir histórico del Caquetá ha estado determinado por tres tipos básicos de poblamiento: ocupación indígena; proceso de colonización agraria, que inició con la reforma agraria (1936) de López Pumarejo, dinamizada desde 1950; y el proceso de urbanización de las últimas décadas, especialmente del piedemonte amazónico. En estas etapas de poblamiento espacial se han vinculado diversas manifestaciones violentas por el control territorial, debido a su ubicación geográfica nacional e internacional, favorable a intereses geopolíticos, económicos y espaciales para las Fuerzas Armadas estatales y los grupos armados insurgentes (FARC, M-19), por sus condiciones topográficas. Igualmente, como territorio de ocupación para la producción coquera.

Colonización, narcotráfico y guerrilla son factores de su identidad política y económica, con diversas vicisitudes en el desarrollo histórico de apropiación y control de libertades de la población caqueteña, por las acciones beligerantes del Estado en sus políticas diversas de colonización, conflicto armado, narcotráfico, deterioro ambiental y la explotación minera a expensas de las políticas económicas del gobierno de turno. Por su ubicación geográfica en la Amazonia, Caquetá es un territorio propicio y estratégico para lograr un territorio de paz.
Decálogo de Principios Bioéticos para Armonizar la Convivencia en una Comunidad Educativa
Authors: Caro romero Henry David
Published: July 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es relatar el proceso desarrollado con la comunidad del colegio distrital Aquileo Parra, que condujo a la elaboración de un decálogo de principios bioéticos para armonizar la convivencia. Se inició explorando los aspectos que más afectaban a esta colectividad, luego se realizó una capacitación sobre la bioética y, más adelante, se sistematizaron los aportes de todos los estamentos para la realización de este documento. La investigación se dividió en dos partes: primero, se elabora una contextualización de la escuela inmersa en un ámbito social conflictivo y desigual. Asimismo, se referencia la bioética principialista y sus cuatro principios. A lo que se suma el abordaje del principio de la responsabilidad y el método deliberativo en bioética. En la segunda parte, se describen los instrumentos y su aplicación y, al final, se presentan los resultados y conclusiones. Se resalta que la mayor dificultad encontrada fue la comprensión del concepto de justicia distributiva. La segunda, fue la interpretación del principio de no maleficencia y el por qué, cuando se actúa en contra de la voluntad de las personas, así sea por su propio bien, se les está vulnerando. En tercer lugar, frente a la convivencia, quedó aclarado que debe existir una reconciliación en este conglomerado social, que incluya las personas, el entorno natural y las instalaciones físicas, para lograr armonizar las relaciones humanas y ambientales, proyectando su uso y cuidado para las generaciones aún por venir. Finalmente, se destaca el papel del bioeticista como mediador y la aceptación que tuvo en esta comunidad.
Situación actual de los trastornos mentales en Colombia y en el mundo: prevalencia, consecuencias y necesidades de intervención
Authors: Tejada Morales Paola Andrea
Published: July 2019

Los trastornos mentales son prevalentes en todo el mundo y constituyen un problema de salud pública, por su frecuencia y consecuencias a nivel personal, familiar y social. Los problemas mentales afectan, no solo la calidad de vida de quienes los padecen, sino también, la de sus cuidadores y familiares. Además, los costos directos e indirectos que genera la atención de estos problemas consumen gran parte de los recursos de los países, principalmente de aquellos de bajos y medianos ingresos.
A pesar del gran número de personas que sufren de algún problema de salud mental, solo un pequeño porcentaje recibe los tratamientos mínimos necesarios para superar estas condiciones. Se han propuesto múltiples alternativas que permitan cerrar esta brecha. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha insistido en la necesidad de integrar la salud mental a los servicios de atención primaria en salud, para garantizar un mejor cuidado de quienes sufren problemas de la esfera mental. Esto implica superar los roles tradicionales que se han asignado a los psiquiatras y a otros trabajadores del área de la salud mental, y replantear su aporte al sistema de salud.
Complejidad, redes y salud pública. Una revisión
Authors: Gómez Barrera Luis Alejandro
Published: July 2019

El presente artículo de revisión presenta una síntesis de los fundamentos teóricos de la relación entre complejidad y salud pública, desde las ciencias contemporáneas, haciendo énfasis en los conceptos y la teoría de redes. Se introduce al lector en los principales marcos epistemológicos para comprender la complejidad del campo de la salud colectiva y se muestran las diferencias con los enfoques tradicionales. Todo el documento propone ejemplos y posibles escenarios de aplicación de las teorías contemporáneas para una mejor explicación y comprensión de los fenómenos de la salud pública. La presente revisión no se hizo a la manera de una revisión sistemática pero se orientó para identiicar y presentar algunos de los conceptos y teorías más relevantes en la relación propuesta. En las conclusiones se identiican experiencias previas en la aplicación de conceptos de complejidad a la salud pública y se sugieren nuevas posibilidades para su desarrollo futuro.
The Immigrant as a Not-invented “Other”
Authors: Romaniszyn Krystyna
Published: July 2019

The paper aims at discussing the problem of adaptation of newcomers who originate form distant cultures. In particular it aims at examining the cultural factor – a key dimension of the concept of the “other” that influence immigrants adaptation to the receiving society. The discussion enters into the wider phenomenon of the cultural determinants of migration and adaptation. It focuses on the encounters with the Muslim immigrants into the European Union states. The paper ends with brief notes on the migration discourses.