bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Desbravando o sertão": a expedição sanitarista de 1912 e seu impacto no Piauí do século XX
Authors: Araújo Romão Moura de
Published: September 2024

Este artigo destaca a relevância do movimento sanitarista do início do século XX, enfatizando as contribuições das viagens científicas dos cientistas do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC) para entender as condições sanitárias do interior do Brasil. O foco principal é a expedição de 1912 liderada por Belisário Penna e Arthur Neiva, especialmente no Piauí. A publicação do relatório dessa viagem em 1916 teve um impacto significativo cientificamente e politicamente, ao mostrar que a doença e o isolamento eram os principais obstáculos ao progresso no Brasil. Este relatório impulsionou um debate nacional que resultou na criação da Liga Pró-Saneamento do Brasil, no movimento pelo saneamento dos sertões, em campanhas para criar postos de profilaxia rural e na busca pela federalização dos serviços de saúde pública. No Piauí, o artigo ressalta as ações de saúde pública durante o governo de Eurípedes Clementino de Aguiar (1916-1920), que se alinhou aos debates nacionais sobre saneamento rural. Neiva e Penna percorreram municípios como São Raimundo Nonato, Caracol, Parnaguá e Corrente, visitando vilas, povoados e fazendas para coletar material, realizar consultas e observações. Foram identificadas várias doenças e casos de doença de Chagas em uma região sem serviços médicos.
Fontes jornalísticas e abolição: resenha da obra “Em Nome da Ordem” de Roger Aníbal Lambert da Silva (2021)
Authors: Ferreira Julio Cesar Aquino Teles
Published: September 2024

Resenha do livro: SILVA, Roger Aníbal Lambert da. Em nome da Ordem: o jornal do commercio e as batalhas políticas da abolição. Niteroi: Eduff, 2021.
Trauma, memória comunicativa e geração: a história de uma refugiada (Colônia de Entre Rios, Guarapuava-PR)
Authors: Santos Diego Luiz dos
Published: September 2024

O artigo investiga as narrativas de vida e de sobrevivência de imigrantes alemães conhecidos como Suábios do Danúbio, (Donauschwaben), oriundos da ex-Iugoslávia, Romênia e Hungria e que, que ao final da II Guerra Mundial fugiram ou foram expulsos de seus territórios. Parte destes, após estadia em campos de refugiados na Áustria, foi deslocada para o Brasil, município de Guarapuava, no início da década de 1950. Utilizando como fontes principais o manuscrito autobiográfico de uma sobrevivente imigrante e uma entrevista realizada com um de seus netos já nascido no Brasil, o trabalho apresenta uma análise de trajetórias de vida narradas por duas gerações de uma mesma família buscando identificar a influência do passado familiar nas gerações mais jovens. Com base nos pressupostos teóricos de Aleida e Jan Assmann e Harald Welzer sobre a “memória comunicativa”, o artigo reflete sobre os sentidos construídos a partir de tais narrativas sobre o passado traumático e os (novos) significados a ele são atribuídos.
Impactos da Pandemia de Covid-19 na Organização Urbana e Infraestrutura de Saúde do Município de Montes Claros/MG
Authors: Souza Beirão Éder de , Carvalho dos Anjos Joênio , Pereira Filipe César , Alves Veloso Márcio Antônio , Beirão Maria Eduarda Souza
Published: September 2024

A pandemia de COVID-19 descortinou problemas sociais, econômicos, culturais e ambientais. Além desses, outros problemas que foram acentuados são aqueles ligados à organização do espaço urbano. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem como objetivo geral analisar os impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 na organização urbana e na disponibilidade de infraestrutura urbana de saúde da cidade de Montes Claros/MG, considerando aspectos socioeconômicos e epidemiológicos. Para tal, foi utilizada uma pesquisa classificada quanto a abordagem em quali-quantitativa, quanto aos objetivos em descritiva e exploratória e quanto aos procedimentos em pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de conteúdo. Os dados foram coletados no Boletim Epidemiológico da Prefeitura Municipal de Montes Claros, no período de 2020 a 2023. A partir das análises realizadas foi possível inferir que, os bairros com números mais significativos de casos confirmados de COVID-19 estão localizados, em sua maioria, em regiões não periféricas da cidade de Montes Claros/MG, onde existe um menor contingente populacional, alta renda e boa infraestrutura urbana em saúde, com exceção das regiões de planejamento Independência e Maracanã, que possuem alta concentração populacional, baixa renda e péssima infraestrutura.
El entrenamiento de los músculos inspiratorios durante 3 semanas aumenta la presión inspiratoria, pero no el rendimiento en jóvenes nadadores de élite chilenos (Inspiratory muscle training for 3 weeks increases maximal inspiratory pressure but not the performance in young Chilean elite swimmers)
Authors: Troncoso Galleguillos Pablo Gonzalo , Araneda Oscar Florencio , Naranjo-Orellana José
Published: September 2024

El entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio (IMT) ha mostrado algunos beneficios sobre el rendimiento en deportistas dependiendo de la intensidad, duración y adherencia al entrenamiento. Investigamos el efecto de un protocolo reducido en extensión y de alta intensidad. 14 nadadores jóvenes de nivel regional Chilenos de ambos sexos fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en un grupo control (G-CON) (2M/5H) y uno que realizó entrenamiento de la musculatura inspiratoria (G-IMT) (2M/5H). Ambos grupos continuaron con sus entrenamientos de nado de modo habitual, el G-IMT sumó un tratamiento de 36 sesiones, distribuidas en 2 sesiones al día de 30 respiraciones al 70% de la Presión Inspiratoria Máxima (PIMax) usando la válvula Powerbreathe® durante tres semanas. Finalizada la intervención, la PIMax mostró aumentos en el G-IMT (p=0.0115, η2=0.4254; tamaño del efecto grande), sin cambios morfológicos diafragmáticos, ni mejoras en la espirometría, ni en el test cardiopulmonar en laboratorio, ni en las variables de desempeño físico posterior a la prueba de 200 metros crol. En conclusión, el IMT en jóvenes deportistas durante tres semanas mejoró la fuerza muscular inspiratoria, pero no modificó la morfología del diafragma ni el rendimiento físico, medido tanto en laboratorio como en una prueba de campo.
Palabras clave: entrenamiento músculos inspiratorios, nadadores jóvenes, rendimiento físico, metabolismo, consumo de oxígeno.
Abstract. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has shown some benefits on performance in athletes depending on intensity, duration and adherence to training. We investigated the effect of a reduced extension and high intensity protocol. 14 young Chilean regional level swimmers of both sexes were randomly distributed in a control group (G-CON) (2F/5M) and one group that performed inspiratory muscle training (G-IMT) (2F/5M). Both groups continued with their swimming training as usual, the G-IMT group added a treatment of 36 sessions, distributed in 2 sessions per day of 30 breaths at 70% of the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) using the Powerbreathe® valve for three weeks. At the end of the intervention, MIP showed increases in G-IMT (p=0.0115, η2=0.4254; large effect size), without diaphragmatic morphological changes, nor improvements in spirometry, nor in the cardiopulmonary test in the laboratory, nor in the physical performance variables after the 200-meter crawl test. Conclusion, IMT in young athletes for three weeks improved inspiratory muscle strength, but did not modify diaphragm morphology or physical performance, measured both in the laboratory and in a field test.
Keywords: inspiratory muscle training, young swimmers, physical performance, metabolism, oxygen consumption.
The impact of model-based practices on sustainable physical education in Indonesia: a systematic review
Authors: Gustian Uray , Ma;mun Amung , Erida Megia , Primayanti Intan , Soemardiawan Soemardiawan , Angoy Raisalam D
Published: September 2024

Model-Based Practice (MBP) is a teaching practice that organizes pedagogical models through various sport-based physical activities thematically to solve problems related to appropriate teaching to achieve educational values. Previous systematic reviews that have been carried out cover only one model approach and there has been no systematic review until 2024 that specifically discusses the implementation of MBP in Indonesia. The systematic review aims to explore information related to MBP implementation studies in physical education (PE) teaching that have been conducted by researchers or practitioners to support sports development in Indonesia. The literature search used the Scopus database by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 10 of 1,222 articles met the criteria during the screening process and were extracted into tables including content, problem statement, methods, results, and future research. The results showed that the model used was effective in improving learning outcomes and the development was valid and feasible to use. The implementation of MBP in PE learning in Indonesia only includes three models, namely sports education (SE), cooperative learning (CL), and teaching games for understanding (TGfU) study objectives focus on one objective and do not include social learning outcomes. More studies related to the implementation of MBP are needed to improve the quality of PE teaching to support sustainable sports development in Indonesia. Future research recommended the application of the MBP concept by integrating various pedagogical models in one lesson to achieve legalized PE learning outcomes.
Keywords: model-based practice, physical education teaching, quality of PE teaching, sustainable sports development
Tren Penelitian Pendidikan Ekonomi Keluarga di Indonesia: Sebuah Analisis Bibliometrik
Authors: Ginanjar Ardhita Eko , Prakoso Albrian Fiky
Published: September 2024

Pendidikan ekonomi keluarga penting guna menunjang keberlangsungan hidup individu dalam aspek ekonomi di era society 5.0. Hal tersebut mempengaruhi perkembangan riset terkait. Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengilustrasikan skema dalam riset dan elaborasi topik terkait dengan pendidikan ekonomi keluarga di Indonesia. Analisis bibliometrik dimanfaatkan dalam riset guna memetakan literatur terkait mulai dari tahun 2019 hingga Juni 2024. Sumber data dalam riset ini ialah Scopus dan Google Scholar. Dengan bantuan software VosViewer dan Publish or Perish, didapatkan 33 artikel yang sesuai. Hasil yang didapat berimplikasi bahwa topik pendidikan ekonomi keluarga di Indonesia mengalami fluktuasi sesuai dengan kondisi perekonomian yang ada.
Metafora Konseptual Percintaan Dalam Lagu Didi Kempot Berjudul Banyu Langit Album Kasmaran
Authors: Widyastuti Indah Putri , Fateah Nur
Published: September 2024

Lagu Didi Kempot berjudul Banyu Langit dalam album Kasmaran menarik perhatian karena di dalam lirik lagu terdapat ungkapan-ungkapan yang memiliki bahasa yang indah. Dalam lagu tersebut liriknya mengandung metafora konseptual. Penelitian lirik lagu Jawa tentang metafora konseptual sudah ada namun terdapat pembaruan. Penelitian ini ingin mengungkap metafora konseptual percintaan yang ada pada lirik Banyu Langit karya Didi Kempot dengan menggunakan gagasan George Lakoff dan Mark Johnson. Tujuannya memaparan metafora percintaan pada lirik lagu Banyu Langit berdasarkan ranah sumber dan ranah sasarannya. Penggunaan metode deskriptif penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data simak catat dari YouTube. Analisis data penggunaan metafora percintaan, diklasifikasi pada tabel ranah percintaan. Hasil yang didapat berupa pemetaan pada lirik lagu ke dalam ranah sumber berdasarkan metafora eksplisit (in praesentia) secara lugas bermakna tentang pernyataan cinta atau ungkapan janji sepasang kekasih. Pada  temuan lirik lagu metafora implisit (in absentia) secara tersirat bermakna tentang harapan dan kerinduan karena ditinggal kekasih.
Correlation of inflammatory indices with staging of esophageal carcinoma: a prospective study at Dr. Ruth K M Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi
Authors: Sajida Qureshi  , Sumayah Khan  , Kashif Shafique  , Saba Mughal
Published: September 2024

Objective: To determine the correlation between inflammatory indices and the Tumour-Node-Metastasis stage of oesophageal carcinoma.
Method: The prospective study was conducted from January 2021 to January 2023 at the Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dr Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, and comprised patients of either gender aged 18-60 years with biopsy-proven oesophageal cancer. Blood samples were drawn and on the basis of plasma obtained, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and platelet-to red cell distribution width ratio were calculated. Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score was calculated on the basis of C-reactive protein and albumin levels. Values were compared with tumour length, depth of invasion, lymph node status, vascular involvement, metastasis, pathological subtype and grade of differentiation. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.
Results: Of the 220 patients aged 46.1±14.2 years, 120(54%) were females and 100(46%) were males. C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio demonstrated the highest predictive power for advanced disease stage (p=0.003). Elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (p=0.010 and p=0.044) were positively correlated with node stage, while elevated platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio was associated with advanced clinical stage (p=0.046). C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio exhibited positive association with higher tumour stage (p=0.033), node stage (p<0.001) and clinical stage IV (p<0.001). Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, and Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score could be used effectively as a predictor of advanced oesophageal cancer.
Key Words: Oesophageal carcinoma, Inflammatory indices, TNM classification.
Effects of postural and kinesthetic awareness on static standing balance and plantar pressure in chronic stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rauf Wardah , Sarmad Samia , Liaqat Sameed , Saleem Safa , Jawad Muhammad , Ahad Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Objective: To determine effects of postural and kinesthetic awareness on plantar pressure and static standing stability in chronic stroke patients.
Method: The cross-sectional single-blind study was conducted at the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from January 19 to March 2, 2023, and comprised stroke patients of both genders. aged 45-60 years having visual spatial neglect. They were randomised into control group A and experimental group B. Group A received routine physical therapy, while group B additionally received postural and kinesthetic awareness sessions. Static component of the Berg balance scale was used to measure balance, and PoData Stabiliometeric plate ("Chinesport, Italy") to measure plantar pressure. Data was analysed using SPSS version 25.
Results: Of the 52 patients, 26(50%) were in group A with mean age 51.97±4.37 years and mean weight 79.48±5.7kg. The remaining 26(50%) patients were in group B with mean age 50.69±4.41 years and mean weight 78.27±4.55kg. The outcome measures were significantly better in group B compared to group A (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Postural and kinesthetic awareness could possibly be a well-grounded rehabilitative strategy that may support and enhance the balance of individuals with chronic stroke.
Clinical Trial Number: The study was registered at the United States National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov) with registration number NCT05915195
Key Words: Stroke, Postural balance, Proprioception, Kinesthetic sense, Perceptual disorders.
Respiratory viral infections in bone marrow transplant patients: insights from a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Noman Shakoor  , Saifullah Khan Niazi  , Eijaz Ghani  , Raheel Iftikhar  , Ali Rathore  , Misbah Noor
Published: September 2024

Objective: To determine the incidence of respiratory viral infections in bone marrow transplant patients.
Method: The prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from September 2019 to August 2020, and comprised respiratory specimens from recipients of haematopoietic stem cell transplant. The specimens were collected in viral transport medium, and were then taken to the Department of Virology. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was performed on the specimens to ascertain the incidence and prevalence of respiratory viruses. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.
Results: Of the 85 subjects, 53(62.35%) were males and 32(37.65%) were females. The overall median age was 20.0 years (interquartile range: 11.0-32.0 years). Respiratory viral infections were detected in 31(36.4%) specimens. Among them, human rhinovirus was detected in 12(38.7%) cases, respiratory syncytial virus in 5(16.1%), influenza A/H3 in 4(13%), human parainfluenza virus-1 in 3(9.7%), adenovirus in 2(6.4%), human parainfluenza virus-3 in 1(3.2%), human parainfluenza virus-4 in 1(3.2%) and human metapneumovirus in 1(3.2%) case. There were 2(6.4%) cases of co-infection.
Conclusion: More than one-third recipients of haematopoietic stem cell transplant were found to have respiratory viral infections, highlighting the importance of employing multiplex respiratory polymerase chain reaction in early diagnosis and treatment of such infections.
Key Words: Respiratory viral infections, Bone marrow transplantation, Multiplex respiratory PCR, Diagnosis.
Treating a patient with pan-resistant Acinetobacter: a case study
Authors: Nazar Maimoona , Nasir Ashraf  , Laiba Sultan  , Laiba Sultan
Published: September 2024

Acinetobacter has emerged as a highly important organism in global healthcare, owing to its propensity to develop pan-resistance. This resistant pathogen poses a significant challenge to healthcare professionals because it not only restricts patient care through ineffective treatment modalities but also leads to high mortality and morbidity rates. The case of a 22-year-old young man reporting to the Emergency department (ER) of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, on 6th June, 2023 is presented. He complained of fever accompanied with seizures which gave a suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis or viral haemorrhagic fever. Despite initial therapeutic interventions, the patient's condition worsened, prompting further investigations. Culture and sensitivity testing of tracheal secretions revealed pan-resistance, and subsequent treatment with a combination of antibiotics including Tigecycline and Colistin, yielded a favourable response.
---Continue
Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in uncomplicated UTI in Pakistani women
Authors: NIAZ WAQAR , Yasmeen Haleema , Shamsher Saadia
Published: September 2024

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of lower urinary tract symptoms in uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to December 2021 after approval from the ethics review board of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, and comprised data of women aged at least 16 years from 8 institutions across Pakistan. Data included menstruation status, symptoms, urinalysis and organisms found in urine samples. The association of urinalysis variables with symptoms among culture-positive patients was measured to assess the certainty of positive diagnosis. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 457 women with mean age 37.87±13.9 years, 182(39.8%) had a positive urine culture. Dysuria was the most significant symptom 120(65.9%), followed by daytime frequency 114(62.6%) amongst culture-positive patients. On urinalysis, 139(76.3%) had white blood cells, and 66(36.2%) had haematuria. Dysuria along with the presence of leucocyte esterase had the highest diagnostic utility (p=0.002). Urgency along with haematuria was strongly predictive of urinary tract infection (p=0.058).
Conclusion: The diagnosis of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women could be reliably made based on a combination of symptoms along with urine analysis without urine culture.
Key Words: Urinary tract infection, Lower urinary tract symptoms, Urinalysis; Urine culture.
Addressing the stigma of bipolar disorder in Pakistan: A matter of public health importance
Authors: Muhammad Ibrahim  , Ghaniya Rafi  , Abdul Hadi
Published: September 2024

Madam,
Bipolar disorder is a serious psychiatric illness and affects about 2% of the world’s population (1). The disease burden of bipolar disorder is particularly high in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where access to adequate mental health care is often limited. It is marked by recurring manic and depressive episodes, profoundly affecting an individual’s mood, energy levels and overall functioning. This condition is linked to elevated rates of morbidity, mortality, disability and social stigma.
The undermining of bipolar disorder as a mental illness in Pakistan is a complex issue with a variety of contributing factors. Many people in Pakistan are unaware of this disorder or do not understand its symptoms and impact, which can lead to people with bipolar disorder being stigmatized and discriminated against. Stigmatization of mental illness in the broader context acts as a significant barrier, impeding individuals from actively seeking medical intervention, thereby preventing the timely diagnosis of these conditions. A widely held belief (85%) is that the individual should refrain from disclosing and discussing their condition (2). Moreover, greater negative attitudes were observed towards bipolar disorder and other mental illnesses (higher mean SDS scores) as compared to physical illnesses in Pakistan (3). The stigma often extends to the individual’s family/caretakers and can affect them at numerous levels as well (4).
In nations such as Pakistan, the insufficiency of mental health accessibility, particularly in rural locales, constitutes a substantial impediment to individuals seeking assistance for bipolar disorder. The dearth of adequately trained healthcare personnel and suitable facilities represents a primary contributory factor in the underestimation of bipolar disorder as a serious mental health condition. For a group of 3,60,000 people, Pakistan has only 1 psychiatrist (5). Neglecting Bipolar Disorder on national grounds can lead to a significant increment in its related complications as it contributes to higher estimated risks of completed and attempted suicides, migraine, sleep deprivation and increased risk of obstetric complications (6).
It is essential to invest in public education for raising awareness and reducing stigma around bipolar disorder. Increasing workforce of mental health practitioners is also vital to lessen population burden. One way to achieve it is to introduce two-year program to ensure feasibility for individuals to pursue a career in psychiatry. Substantial research in this aspect would exponentially improve the lives of people affected with the bipolar disorders and alleviate the burden of bipolar disorder in Pakistan.
Effect of different dialysate temperatures on post dialysis fatigue in patients undergoing haemodialysis: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Anwar Aizaz , Arshad Abdul Rehman , Sadiq Muhammad Arif , Saleem Muhammad Zulqarnain , Muhammad Iqbal  , Abbas Muttahar
Published: September 2024

Objective: To compare the effects of warm and cold dialysate solutions on the duration of post-dialysis fatigue in patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis.
Method: The quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Department of Nephrology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from May 9 to September 10, 2023, and comprised adult patients of either gender undergoing maintenance haemodialysis for a minimum 3 months. The patient initially underwent haemodialysis with a dialysate temperature of 36°C for 2 weeks. During the subsequent washout period of one week when the dialysate temperature was not monitored, they underwent haemodialysis with a dialysate temperature of 37°C for another 2 weeks. Blood pressure was monitored every 30 minutes to record any hypotensive episodes. Patients were asked if they felt fatigued after the last haemodialysis session, and the duration was noted down. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.
Results: Of the 92 patients with mean age 49.1±16.1 years, 57(62%) were males. Post-dialysis fatigue was seen in 67(72.8%) and 75(81.5%) patients with dialysate temperatures at 36°C and 37°C, respectively (p<0.001). The duration of post-dialysis fatigue was also significantly longer at dialysate temperatures 37°C p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the proportion of hypotensive episodes in the two groups (p=0.445).
Conclusion: Dialysate temperature 36°C was found to be associated with less frequent and shorter duration of post-dialysis fatigue compared to dialysate temperature 37°C.
Key Words: Cold temperature, Fatigue, Haemodialysis, Haemodialysis solutions, Hypotension, Renal replacement therapy.
Comparative effects of isometric and isotonic global neck muscles strengthening exercise program on pain, range of motion, strength, function and quality of life in patients with chronic mechanical neck pain
Authors: Amjad Misha , Shakil Ur Rehman Syed , Fatima Ghulam , Ikram Mehwish , Ghafoor Sobia
Published: September 2024

The randomised clinical current study was planned to determine the comparative effects of isometric and isotonic global neck muscles strengthening exercises on pain, range of motion, strength, function and quality of life in patients with chronic mechanical neck pain. The study comprised 22 patients with chronic mechanical neck pain. The subjects were randomly divided into two interventional groups, with group A receiving isometric exercises and group B receiving isotonic exercises. Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Neck Disability Index, goniometer, dynamometer and Short Form-36 questionnaire were used for data collection. Isometric and isotonic exercise groups showed significant improvement (p<0.05) in terms of decreasing pain and functional disability, and increasing range of motion and strength. Intergroup comparison showed no significant differences (p>0.05), indicating similar efficacy of isometric and isotonic global neck muscles strengthening exercises.
Trial Registration Number: This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05865951.
Vorasidenib- A Paradigm Shift in IDH1- or IDH2-Mutant Low-Grade Glioma Treatment
Authors: Malik Hurais , Hudaib Muhammad , Rehman Abdul
Published: September 2024

Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) pose significant challenges in cancer research and treatment due to their infiltrative nature and tendency for recurrence, making them the most common brain tumour in adults. Most of the LGGs have the propensity to cause notable alterations in the microenvironment of the tumour thus making them difficult to treat. These alterations can be attributed to the prevalent mutations in the genes that produce isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes, especially in grade 2 diffuse gliomas. [1] Despite its inability to provide a complete cure, chemoradiation has been adopted as the standard therapy in grade 3 gliomas since it can lead to long-lasting remission. Chemoradiotherapy, when administered promptly, can help prevent tumour progression, and recurrence after surgery and improve long-term outcomes. Nevertheless, immediate adjuvant chemoradiotherapy is not administered in patients afflicted with tumours containing IDH mutant grade 2 gliomas. This decision is often made to circumvent potential harm such as radiation-induced cognitive problems, chemotherapy-related DNA mutations, and other negative effects on their health. [2] Due to the intricacies associated with the treatment decisions and the inclination to delay aggressive therapies to avoid adverse events, creates a necessity for a novel therapeutic strategy that is both effective and well tolerated.
Vorasidenib, an oral medication specifically designed to deal with IDH mutations has displayed promise despite existing challenges. By aiming to specifically target aberrant metabolic pathways triggered by mutant IDH enzymes, Vorasidenib offers a potential treatment capable of interrupting tumour growth and could subsequently result in better patient outcomes. Among the many reasons that make Vorasadenib an appealing option are its capability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and its promising safety profile, resulting in effective treatment while alleviating potential side effects. [3]
Vorasidenib’s efficacy is derived from its ability to halt the metabolic cascades driven by mutant IDH enzymes thus leading to decreased progression of the gliomas. Clinical studies elicit the substantial value Vorasadenib has to offer by enhancing progression-free survival and postponing the advancement of the illness in patients with grade 2 IDH-mutant gliomas. This offers an optimistic prospect for delaying the need for more aggressive treatments in these patients. [2,4]
Hence, to conclude Vorasadenib can transform treatment norms and enhance outcomes for those suffering from IDH-mutant LGG. Furthermore, it is crucial to investigate different treatment combinations, finding markers that would help assess clinical response to treatment, which in turn would be an important milestone in the treatment journey.
Endoscopic thermal injuries should not be ignored, especially in developing countries
Authors: Huang Yangzhou , Zhu Daobin , Zhao Hong
Published: September 2024

Dear Editor,
My purpose in writing this letter is to draw your attention to endoscopic thermal injuries, especially in developing countries such as Pakistan and China.
I recently encountered a case that disturbed me. While replacing a nasal endoscope, the fibre optic light cable accidentally fell onto the surgical drape, and I immediately noticed a burnt smell. When I removed the optic cable, I found a hole in the drape (Figure). Moreover, in conversations with my colleagues, I discovered that at least three such incidents had occurred in the operating room of our hospital in nearly 5 years. Even more disturbing is the prospect of an optic cable falling on a patient's face leading to disfigurement. In addition, the heat generated may cause thermal injuries to nerves.
Therefore, endoscopic thermal injuries should not be ignored. Fortunately, previous studies have emphasized the importance of avoiding endoscopic thermal injuries. To avoid endoscopic thermal injuries, Ozturan et al.1 designed endoscopic thermal monitoring equipment and recommended setting the light intensity at <50% as well as removing the endoscopic tip and intermittently flushing the tissue. Rice et al.2 recommended that a temperature >43°C posed a high risk for endoscopic thermal injuries. Panigrahi et al.3 recommended using a finer diameter optic cable, light intensity <60%, and an increased working distance. Souza et al.4 recommended using LED rather than a halogen or xenon as the light source.
Bright endoscopic light sources improve the visibility of tissues. However, thermal injuries from the optic cable can be produced as a by-product. Heat applied to tissues can cause protein denaturation and dehydration as well as collagen contraction at temperatures >50°C.5 Many of the world's leading endoscope manufacturers, such as Storz, Olympus, and Stryker, can produce endoscopes with bright light sources that rarely result in endoscopic thermal injuries. However, some domestic endoscopes, especially in developing countries, are obsolete with insufficient brightness. Increasing the intensity of the light source has been used to overcome this issue, resulting in endoscopic thermal injuries. Notably, several Chinese endoscope manufacturers, including Mindray, Tiansong, and Shenda, have been performing increasingly better. Pakistan's endoscope manufacturers may also have been performing better. However, in many developing countries, endoscopists do not undergo professional endoscopic training, as they prefer to excessively increase the endoscopic light intensity, which can easily cause endoscopic thermal injuries.
In conclusion, endoscopic thermal injuries should not be overlooked, particularly in developing countries.
The octagon of opportunities in obesity
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Madhur Verma  , Saurabh Arora  , Nitin Kapoor
Published: September 2024

The Ominous Octet is a popular construct, which has beenused to describe the aetiopathology of diabetes, as wellas the endocrine causation of obesity. We utilize thismodel to create a smart and salutogenic rubric of obesitypathogenesis. Our optimistic Octagon of Opportunitieslists eight causative or contributory factors, all of whichare associated with the development of obesity. Themodel gives equal weightage to the biomedical andpsychosocial arms of the biopsychosocial model ofhealth. The framework encourages a proactive andcomprehensive approach to the prevention andmanagement of obesity.
Continued...
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an adult after Covid-19 vaccination (MIS-V): a case report and review of published literature
Authors: Iftikhar Namirah , Ashar Ekhlaq Ahmed  , Muhammad Osama Rehman Khalid  , Rameel Muhammad Aftab
Published: September 2024

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic began in Wuhan (China) in December 2019. Due to the severity of the illness, extent and speed of its spread, vaccines were developed rapidly, and concerns have remained about their safety profile. Although the vaccines have proven to be safe and effective in most cases, as the number of people getting vaccinated for SARS-COV-2 increased, several adverse reactions following the administration of vaccine were reported, one of them being Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome secondary to vaccination (MIS-V). Here, we report the case of a patient with MIS-V as well as a summary of all other published cases of this syndrome to-date.
Keywords: Adverse events following immunisation, SARS-COV 2, Immunisation triggered inflammation, MIS-V, Immunisation related syndrome.
PROTECCIÓN LEGAL DEL AMBIENTE Y LA AGENDA 2030 EN LA ACTUALIDAD ARGENTINA
Authors: Minaverry Clara Maria , Cáceres Verónica Lucía
Published: September 2024

El presente trabajo considera los cambios recientes que se introdujeron en la legislación ambiental de Argentina durante 2024, que tienen incidencia sobre los objetivos establecidos en la Agenda 2030 que se vinculan con la biodiversidad y el cambio climático y en el rol internacional que cumple el país. La investigación se basó en una metodología cualitativa que enfatiza la atención en la legislación ambiental nacional y en el contenido de dos normas claves sancionadas durante 2024: el Decreto de Necesidad y Urgencia Nº 70/2023 y la Ley Nº 27.742 de Bases y Puntos de Partida para la Libertad de los Argentinos. Además, se relevaron y analizaron los objetivos de la Agenda 2030 y una selección de informes elaborados en el ámbito de dos organismos internacionales sectoriales especializados la protección de la biodiversidad y la lucha contra el cambio climático: IPBES e IPCC. Se concluye que las actuales modificaciones en la regulación son regresivas en materia ambiental, inciden negativamente en la biodiversidad y en la lucha contra el cambio climático, impactan en los compromisos que asumió el país en la Agenda 2030 y es contrario a las tendencias promovidas por los organismos internacionales de los cuales el país es parte.
Gender Mainstreaming through Political Participation of Women
Authors: Bansal Rajeev
Published: September 2024

Political participation of women is adjudged as a method of gender equality with the objective of gender mainstreaming. The issue has been in focus at national and international level and addressed through the efforts of United Nations, Millenium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals intended to transform the world. India has also made all sincere efforts to bring gender into mainstream including giving opportunities to women in political arena through different instruments viz. constitutional amendments, formulation of policies and constitution of committees. This paper has taken a stock of above efforts in the descriptive research with analytical approach to assess the progress achieved in India. A comparison has also been made with the international practices in this regard to know the ranking of India. The paper has studied and examined the strides of different policies, reports and discussed them to reach the results for the diagnosis of grey areas and suggestion have been proposed to ameliorate the situation. It has been found India has taken many initiatives in the form of constitutional amendments, constitution of committees, formulation of policies but the gap in actual implementation has adversely affected the progress, consequently the political participation of women could not be realised to the expected level. The findings and recommendations guide the academicians, policy planners, researchers and others who are at the helm of affairs
Sustentabilidade e desempenho empresarial: uma análise do segmento de energia elétrica sob a ótica do Triple Bottom Line
Authors: Lopes Bruno Ribeiro , Wissmann Martin Airton
Published: September 2024

Sob a perspectiva do triple bottom line e da teoria da legitimidade, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar se a participação das empresas no Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE), impacta positivamente no desempenho Econômico, Social e Ambiental, em comparação com as empresas não participantes. A análise foi realizada utilizando indicadores quantitativos, como Intensidade de Emissão de GEE, Intensidade Hídrica, ROE, ROI e DVA. Para atingir o objetivo deste estudo foram selecionadas as empresas do segmento de energia elétrica da [B]³, sendo que a amostra final foi composta por 15 empresas, divididas entre pertencentes e não pertencentes ao ISE da [B]³, e a análise estatística foi conduzida com o teste U de Mann-Whitney. Os resultados, a partir da análise descritiva, revelaram que as empresas pertencentes ao ISE apresentaram melhor desempenho nas dimensões econômica, social e ambiental. No entanto, com base na análise estatística não-paramétrica, observou-se que os resultados não se mostraram estatisticamente significantes, denotando que pertencer ao ISE não resultou em melhor desempenho, quando comparado com empresas do mesmo setor, que não pertencem ao índice.
Perspectivas jurídicas da proteção à saúde mental na sociedade do esgotamento
Authors: Blank Milena de Lima , Bona Celito de
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo propõe uma análise da racionalidade neoliberal e seus impactos na psiquê humana, particularmente quando causadas pelas relações laborais. Seu objetivo principal é refletir acerca de um regime jurídico preventivo mais efetivo para transtornos psiquiátricos decorrentes de rotinas laborais estressantes e abusivas, além de sugerir mecanismos para responsabilizar os empregadores pela promoção de um ambiente de trabalho saudável, também no aspecto psicológico. A abordagem metodológica adotada é multidisciplinar e interseccional, transcendendo as teorias jurídicas convencionais, além de um enfoque analítico-prescritivo e qualitativo. A evolução do adoecimento mental relacionada ao modelo de produtividade capitalista contemporâneo é discutida, assim como os riscos psicossociais, especialmente os ligados à racionalidade neoliberal. Destacando-se a transição entre o regime biopolítico e o psicopolítico, bem como o binômio "desempenho-fracasso" e a correlação entre essas duas estruturas. É realizada, em seguida, uma revisão jurisprudencial da temática, contemplando a constitucionalização do Direito do Trabalho no que diz respeito à responsabilização objetiva e a promoção de ambientes laborais mais saudáveis, estabelecendo um regime jurídico preventivo do adoecimento mental. O estudo também aponta perspectivas futuras para a saúde mental no ordenamento jurídico, enfatizando a necessidade de estimular práticas mais saudáveis à sociedade civil, de modo que diminua os impactos da auto cobrança e da auto comparação. Embora não esgote o tema, o presente artigo contribui significativamente para a proteção dos direitos individuais e da dignidade humana, também para o acesso universal à saúde. É um ponto de partida para a discussão sobre a importância da prevenção do adoecimento, bem como da promoção da saúde mental.
Continuity in Teaching the Course Algebra and the Beginning of Analysis: Adaptation of Students to New Conditions
Authors: Umiralkhanov Azizkhan , Abylkassymova Alma , Tuyakov Yessenkeldy , Zhadrayeva Larissa , Ardabayeva Almagul
Published: September 2024

Without continuity in education, it is impossible to ensure a high level of academic achievement of students and prepare students for learning at the next stage of education. The continuity of school and higher education is one of the most difficult and still unresolved problems of general education. The urgency of this research lies in addressing the critical gap in continuity between school and higher education, as the lack of a seamless transition in teaching algebra and the beginning of analysis significantly hampers students' academic success and adaptability to university-level education. Recent studies show that the low level of training of school graduates in mathematics causes difficulties in adapting them to subjects in pedagogical universities. The purpose of this work is to develop the concept of continuity in the teaching of algebra and the beginning of analysis in secondary and higher educational institutions and to verify the conditions for its implementation. In the course of the study, a systematic analysis of scientific papers based on the PRISMA method was carried out and a questionnaire method was obtained among students. The results of the impact value analysis of 10 studies (N = 105) published from 2010 to 2024 showed that continuity in learning contributed to the average overall impact value (Es = 2.27, 95% CI [2.015–2.35], p < 0.001) compared to other learning methods. Also, an assessment of the effectiveness of continuity-based learning on the algebra and the beginning of analysis course was carried out based on the results of knowledge surveys. This experiment was conducted in accordance with the academic calendar of the 2022-2023 academic year on the basis of 2 universities and 2 secondary schools in Almaty, Kazakhstan. A total of 86 students who participated in the experiment were divided into control and experimental groups. The conditions for the effective implementation of continuity in higher and secondary education have shown that in experimental groups, students have a high rate of adaptation (Temp = 2.315 > 1.96). The scientific novelty of the research is that it solves the problem of continuity in teaching algebra on a fundamentally new basis - in the context of the "school - pedagogical university" system. The results of the study can be used by teachers of mathematical disciplines at a pedagogical university and teachers of mathematics in secondary schools, which will improve both the quality of knowledge of students in grades 10 and 11 of secondary schools and students of a pedagogical university.
Reconversão docente, formação neotecnicista, expropriação cultural e didática empreendedora
Authors: Lima Kátia Regina Rodrigues , Silva Patric Anderson Gomes da , Ferreira Emmanoel Lima , Paula Mauricio de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

A atual política educacional brasileira expressa as orientações da intelligentsia burguesa, que define diretrizes de formação, concepção de docência e didática. Este estudo aborda o novo projeto de formação de professores. Com o aporte do materialismo histórico-dialético, analisamos as diretrizes do neoliberalismo à educação no contexto de metamorfose no universo laboral e seus rebatimentos na formação e trabalho docente. A pesquisa é bibliográfica e documental, realizada a partir da BNC-Formação (Resolução CNE/CP n.º 2/2019), BNC-Formação Continuada (Resolução CNE/CP n.º 1/2020), entre outros documentos-chave. O novo modelo produtivo requer um novo profissional e uma “formação” baseada em aprendizagens flexíveis. A Nova Gestão Pública aprofunda a precarização laboral e a mercantilização da educação, como recomenda o neoliberalismo. O capitalismo contemporâneo exige a reconversão docente, que submete o professor a uma racionalidade instrumental, transformando-o em mero executor de tarefas, e subordinado a metas preestabelecidas. E, paralelo a isso, desenvolve-se um processo de expropriação cultural dos discentes, que aniquila o desenvolvimento pleno das suas potencialidades e a promoção de sua liberdade, além de servir a uma política de lesa-pátria. O empreendedorismo dita uma nova pedagogia e didática, reduzindo esta a uma dimensão gerencial e técnica da sala de aula, focada em resultados de avaliações externas, sob a lógica da política de accountability e do controle ideológico do Estado.
How Canva Aplication Used by Pre-Service Teacher: A Study at PPG Students in Indonesia
Authors: Muhsin Muh Arief
Published: September 2024

This qualitative study looks at the use of Canva as a learning media tool among pre-service teachers enrolled in the Professional Teacher Education Program (PPG). Data were collected through on-the-ground interviews with four PPG students to better understand their experiences and perceptions of using Canva to create teaching materials. The study investigated the most common forms of teaching materials created with Canva, desired features, key benefits, and constraints faced by the teachers. Findings showed that pre-service teachers generally had positive experiences using Canva, praising its ease of use, time-saving capabilities, and collaboration features. They commonly develop presentation materials, infographics and posters using Canva's vast library of templates and graphic tools. Its main advantages include increased teaching efficiency and the creation of visually appealing content that promotes student engagement and understanding. However, issues such as limited internet connectivity and restrictions on Canva's free features underscore the need for improved infrastructure and institutional assistance. This study highlights Canva's potential to improve educational practices and offers significant insights for building curricula and strategies for technology integration in education.