bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial–temporal effect of sea–land gradient on landscape pattern and ecological risk in the coastal zone: A case study of Dalian City
Authors: Han Ying , Zhu Jianfeng , Wei Donglan , Wang Fangxiong
Published: November 2024

Coastal zones have intense human activity and are ecologically fragile. Assessing ecological risks in coastal zones is crucial to promoting ecological safety and sustainable development for coastal cities. However, the relationship between ecological risk assessment and distance from the coastline is indeterminate in current research. To solve this problem, this study constructs the sea–land gradient and reconstructs the landscape pattern index and landscape ecological risk index (ERI) considering the sea–land gradient paradigm. This study aims to analyze the spatial–temporal variation characteristics and effects of the sea–land gradient on landscape pattern and ecological risk in Dalian City from 2000 to 2015. The results show the following: (1) between 2000 and 2015, a significant effect of coastline on the coastal landscape pattern in Dalian is reducing landscape fragmentation. The extent of this influence gradually diminished along the sea–land gradient. The landscape aggregation of urban building sites near the sea was relatively high and gradually increased over the years; (2) in Dalian, the landscape ERI has decreased near the sea and increased near the inland year by year; (3) the dominant pattern of landscape ecological risk was characterized by a transition from high to low levels within the [0, 2.5] km zone, while a transition from low to high levels predominated within the [2.5, Max] km zone; and (4) the northern region in Dalian primarily goes from high to low risk in the buffer zone near the landside, whereas the southern area has this changing pattern in the buffer zone near the seaside.
Exploring emoji usage in intercultural CMC: Insights from Colombian and Argentinian learners of German
Authors: Concu Valentina , Raffo Carlos
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the use of emojis in Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) among Colombian and Argentinian learners of German. Recent research demonstrates that emojis serve multiple functions, including expressing reactions to previous statements and modulating the tone of assertions. Beyond the illocutionary domain, where they help articulate speech acts, emojis facilitate discourse by managing conversation openings and closings. They also signify informality in the stylistic domain and guide the social intent of conversations. While these findings are insightful, they primarily reflect interactions among speakers sharing the same first language (L1) and cultural background. The dynamics of emoji use in a second language (L2) and intercultural settings remain underexplored. To address this gap, this study analyzed a corpus of WhatsApp messages exchanged during a virtual interaction between 24 Colombian and Argentinian learners of German. The results reveal that the use of emojis among L2 speakers largely mirrors their use in L1 contexts, suggesting a strong transferability of their pragmatic, discursive, and stylistic functions. Additionally, this study identifies an extra function in the illocutionary domain, where emojis help signal sociality rights and obligations, thereby maintaining positive interpersonal rapport. Furthermore, the performance of national identities emerged as a unique function of emojis in intercultural communication, supporting the idea of a universal component in emoji use. These findings contribute to our understanding of how emojis operate in L2 and intercultural settings, highlighting their role in facilitating effective digital communication across linguistic and cultural boundaries. The consistent use of emojis by participants from different cultural backgrounds suggests that emojis can act as universal symbols, bridging cultural and linguistic gaps while also allowing for the expression of unique social identities.
Metapragmatic conventions and integrative context: Introducing Sībawayhian pragmatics
Authors: Shahid Sadiya
Published: November 2024

The aim of this paper is to shed light on theories of discourse meaning from the Arabic, namely Sībawayhian, linguistics tradition, that are novel in the contemporary pragmatics space and prompts us to rethink and reshape the Anglo-American, namely Gricean and post-Gricean, lens through which current theories are predominantly defined. The Arabic linguistics tradition was founded by Sībawayhi more than ten centuries ago, yet it is severely underrepresented and under-researched in modern (Western) linguistics. Sībawayhi posited a discourse-oriented, pragmatics-centric, and intuition-driven model of language and communication, providing unique insights into how intentions and conventions figure in meaning representation. Despite his monumental contribution, Sībawayhian theory has hitherto been missing from the present-day field of pragmatics. Instead, pragmatics as a line of study is usually attributed to Grice and subsequent post-Gricean developments, where theory construction has been limited to intra-theoretical analyses and falls short of cross-cultural epistemological perspectives. Many of these analyses are as such reinventions of what can be found in Sībawayhian and post-Sībawayhian pragmatics. And there are many more components of Arabic pragmatic thought that remain to be (re)discovered, with the potential to further current thinking in pragmatics and open a new orientation of contemporary pragmatic study. In this paper, I attempt to address all of the above by closely examining selected sections of Sībawayhi’s monumental al-Kitāb. I particularly introduce two main conceptions Sībawayhi relies on in his theory of meaning – metapragmatic conventions (conventionsmp) and integrative context (contexti) – and investigate their role in shaping major areas of pragmatic theorization, namely syntax, discourse compositionality, and inference.
Consuming the White Terror: Transmedia Adaptation and Franchise-Building of Detention
Authors: Zhang Fengyun
Published: November 2024

This article examines the Taiwanese video game Detention (Fanxiao 返校, 2017) and its namesake film and television series adaptations, each of which has achieved critical acclaim and commercial success. Despite the franchise’s preoccupation with the history of the White Terror, this article argues that the video game’s theme of “memory as remedy” – a crucial discourse in the quest for transitional justice in contemporary Taiwan – has been diluted rather than preserved in the process of transmedia adaptation and franchise-building. Through a close-playing of the game and close-readings of the film and TV series, I demonstrate that the transmedia development of Detention is not always unified and coordinated, but rather filled with contradictions and incongruities that lead to the displacement of historical trauma. These divergent narratives reveal how the White Terror remains contested terrain in contemporary Taiwan. Dominated by the managerial logic of media franchising, a confluence of social, political, and economic factors has made Detention a unique case for contemplating transmedia storytelling in the age of convergence culture.
Effects of CFTR-ENaC on spinal cord edema after spinal cord injury
Authors: Shen Guowei , Zhang Yunpeng , Cheng Xinkun , Li Dongdong , Ding Zhiyong , Tian Jiwei , Chen Hui , Ding Huiming
Published: November 2024

Objective

To explore the role of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conduction regulator (CFTR)-Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in spinal cord edema after spinal cord injury (SCI) and the related mechanism.

Methods

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated M1830 astrocytes were applied as the SCI in vitro model. Immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and Western blotting were utilized to detect CFTR and ENaC expression. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18. Transmission electron microscope examined ultrastructure changes, while CFTR-172 or Capsazepine treatment assessed their effects on edema and inflammation. Western blot analysis was employed to evaluate the PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT signaling pathways in treated cells.

Results

LPS-treated M1830 cells exhibited increased levels of CFTR and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18, alongside decreased ENaC expression and suppressed p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT levels. Degeneration of the myelin sheath and axons was observed in LPS-treated M1830, while changes in ultrastructural were recovered after adding CFTR-172 or Capsazepine. The level of CFTR, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 was decreased, while the level of ENaC, p-PI3K/PI3K, and p-AKT/AKT was increased obviously in LPS-treated M1830 with CFTR-172, Capsazepine, or IGF-1.

Conclusion

Down-regulation of CFTR and up-regulation of ENaC can attenuate inflammation in SCI by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, highlighting a new therapeutic approach for SCI treatment. These findings address a critical gap in current SCI treatments and suggest a novel intervention strategy targeting ion channel regulation.
Characteristics of induced magnetic field on the time-dependent MHD nanofluid flow through parallel plates
Authors: Sahoo Rajesh Kumar , Mishra Satya Ranjan , Alkarni Shalan , Shah Nehad Ali
Published: November 2024

The heat transfer characteristics of an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow through non-conducting infinite vertical parallel plates are presented in this investigation. The flow is subjected to an induced magnetic field, and the base fluid water contains carbon nanotubes (CNTs), in particular multi-wall carbon nanotubes, to present the behaviour of the nanofluid. The aim is to examine the effect of the applied magnetization and CNT concentration on the heat transport performance of the system. However, suitable transformation rules are adopted for the re-designing of the proposed design model into its non-dimensional form. This transformed system is then solved analytically following the standard transformations. The influence of key parameters, including the Hartmann number (Ha), the angle of inclination of the magnetic field, thermal buoyancy, heat source, and the concentration of CNTs in the nanofluid, on the flow phenomena is analysed. The consequences reveal that the occurrence of the inclined magnetic field affects the flow and heat transfer characteristics significantly. Additionally, the introduction of CNTs to the nanofluid enhances the heat transfer performance due to their unique thermal properties. The study demonstrates that enhanced Ha and CNT concentration augments the heat transfer rate.
Young Icelanders and popular culture: An empirical study of Anglicisms in conversation
Authors: Hilmisdóttir Helga
Published: November 2024

The aim of the study is to investigate how young Icelanders use Anglicisms in conversation that is shaped by popular culture. The data comprises 4 hours and 30 minutes of recordings: spoken interaction between two fifteen-year-old boys that are playing a computer game, and a conversation between two young women hosting a podcast on fashion, lifestyle, and entertainment. The methodological approach applied in the study is interactional linguistics. The research questions are as follows: 1) What kind of Anglicisms occur in the data in respect to parts-of-speech? 2) What interactional functions do these items have in their context? The study begins by addressing the frequency and distribution of Anglicisms in the data, but the main emphasis is on the qualitative analysis of segments of talk. The study shows that speakers use Anglicisms in a systematic and meaningful way. In the analysis, the functions were categorised as follows: Anglicisms that appear on the screen, Anglicisms that index an international identity, Anglicisms as assessments and comments, and Anglicisms in rituals such as greetings and farewells.
Nondum tecum in gratiam redii
(Suet.
Tib
. 61.5): Reconciliation and Compromise in the Tiberian Reign of Terror
Authors: Rytwo Noam
Published: November 2024

In an anecdote written by Suetonius to emphasize Tiberius’ extreme cruelty, the emperor is said to have been so vindictive as to not only inflict death upon multitudes of people, but also keep death from others wishing to die. These people were imprisoned and sustained by the smallest rations of food, just enough to keep them alive and suffering. When one such victim begged to be put to death, the emperor replied that he had not yet made his peace with him. Unbelievable as this anecdote may be, it raises the question of whether, and on what terms, reconciliation with this seemingly unforgiving emperor would have been possible. Most ancient authors presented Tiberius as a cruel tyrant. This is especially so in their depiction of his so-called “reign of terror” following the death of his all-powerful praetorian prefect Sejanus in 31 CE, which saw the persecution of many of the latter’s followers. Nonetheless, some notable individuals escaped the fate of their comrades. Did Tiberius simply forgive the likes of Lentulus Gaetulicus and M. Terentius for their support of Sejanus, or did he rather compromise and come to terms with them, and if so, how, and why? In this article, I argue that despite Tiberius’ traditional image and the reality of his “reign of terror”, he was perfectly capable of making pragmatic and reasonable compromises to maintain relative peace with some of Sejanus’ most powerful adherents. I will also suggest that these compromises were hardly perceived as such, not just because of the prejudice of the sources against Tiberius, but perhaps also due to a semantic and conceptual gap, which made it difficult for the ancient Romans to accept compromise as a fact.
Que signifient les « besoins des élèves » dans la littérature scientifique? Un examen de la portée.
Authors: Nadeau Sandy , Nadeau Marie-France
Published: November 2024

L’éducation inclusive place les besoins des élèves au cœur de l’intervention éducative. Cependant, le terme besoin reste défini de manière variable selon les perspectives théoriques adoptées, fournissant peu de repères pour guider les milieux de pratique. Cette situation a pour conséquence d’entrainer une disparité et une confusion dans l’interprétation de ce qui constitue un besoin, et une incertitude quant à la façon de répondre avec équité à la diversité des besoins des élèves. Cet article vise à identifier le sens attribué aux besoins des élèves (Kaufman, 1972) dans la littérature scientifique. Au terme de l’analyse des études recensées, quatre catégories de sens se distinguent, renvoyant à un risque d’inadaptation, à un développement positif, à une tension interne propre à l’élève et à un moyen d’interventions. L’implication de ces sens sur l’éducation inclusive sera le sujet d’une discussion en vue de faire émerger des pistes de réflexion permettant de contribuer à une clarification du terme « besoins des élèves ».
La différenciation pédagogique et l'évaluation en aide à l'apprentissage : perceptions et pratiques enseignantes en classe ordinaire au primaire
Authors: Croteau David , Barroso da Costa Carla , Dufour France
Published: November 2024

La recherche en éducation inclusive encourage l’adoption de divers dispositifs de différenciation pédagogique dans les pratiques évaluatives enseignantes afin de mener tous les élèves vers la réussite éducative. Cet article présente une partie des résultats liée à la planification et à la mise en œuvre d'évaluations visant l'aide à l'apprentissage issue d'une recherche portant sur les pratiques évaluatives différenciées. Les données ont été collectées par des entretiens individuels avec quatre titulaires en classe ordinaire au primaire. Les résultats encouragent le recours à l'évaluation authentique, collaborative, souple et plurilingue lors de la planification et de la mise en œuvre d'évaluations différenciées.
China’s Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Wu Jingwen
Published: November 2024

Is China using the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) to advance its economic development or to fulfill broader geopolitical objectives? While the BRI is often touted as a primarily economic venture aimed at addressing domestic overcapacity, this paper posits that political objectives are equally important. Drawing on selectorate theory, I assess whether China uses this initiative for political purposes. If so, it would be more likely to partner with authoritarian countries it sees as more amenable to political influence. Using logistic and Cox models to analyze data from 2013 to 2020, I find that political considerations are as relevant as economic ones. This research contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the BRI within global political and economic contexts and explains China’s international strategy.
Structural and optical features improvement of Tm3+–doped B2O3 – BaSO4 – TeO2 – Na2O glasses
Authors:   Physics Department (AOMRG), Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Azmi S. , Ghoshal S. K. ,   Physics Department (AOMRG), Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Mohd-Noor F. ,   Physics Department (AOMRG), Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Jupri S. A. ,   Physics Department (AOMRG), Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Alqarni A. S. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah binti Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
Published: November 2024

Highly transparent sodium-telluro-sulphate-borate glasses doped with thulium (Tm3+) were useful for variety of purposes. Thus, a new type of glass system composed of (57- x)B2O3 – 20BaSO4 – 13TeO2 – 10Na2O – (x)Tm2O3 (x = 0.2 to 0.8 mol%) was produced via standard melt-quenching route. The impacts of different Tm3+ contents on the glasses’ physical and optical characteristics were ascertained for the first time. The amorphous nature of the samples was validated by their XRD patterns, and Raman analysis revealed the presence of various chemical functional groups. These samples exhibited Urbach energy, direct band gap and indirect band gap between 0.088 – 0.262 eV, 2.458 – 2.545 eV and 2.098 – 2.425 eV respectively. UV-Vis-NIR absorbance displayed six prominent peaks at 464, 657, 686, 795, 1210 and 1680 nm characteristics to various electronic transitions of Tm3+. The prepared glass composition could be effective in the production of solid-state lasers with a narrow wavelength range.
Role of MoO3 /ZnO substitutions on radiation shielding and mechanical characteristics of lead silicate glasses
Authors:   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, P.O 71524, Egypt, Abdel Wahab E. A. , Al-Baradi Ateyyah. M. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Shaaban Kh. S. ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. 71524, Assiut, Egypt
Published: November 2024

In the composition range of x= 0-5 mol%, glasses in the system 60SiO2-35Pb3O4-(5 − 𝑥𝑥) ZnO-xMoO3 have been investigated. An amorphous network structure characterizes the glasses. The density values for the LZSM glasses scaled between 5.91 g/cm³ for Mo0 and 6.249 g/cm³ for Mo5. The ultrasonic technique indicates that the shear and longitudinal speeds (VT & VL) increase linearly as the amount of MoO3 substituted for ZnO in the fabricated glasses increases. The elastic moduli were calculated and found to be increased with an increase in both ultrasonic velocities and density of the glass, which suggests a correlation between these parameters in the fabricated glasses. The radiation attenuation capacity with the addition of MoO3 increased systematically, which indicates the role of MoO3 in modifying the glass composition and enhances its ability to attenuate against harmful radiation. Mo5 establishes excellent protective resources compared to other substances, so Mo5 develops a favorable selection for building radiation absorption blocks. Such blocks show an acute character in protecting both nature and a person's health versus the dangerous impacts of radiation exposure.
Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanorods via hydrothermal route for wastewater recycling
Authors:   Department of Physics, University of Okara, 3600, Okara, Pakistan, Ahmad B.. , Irfa M. ,   Department of Physics, University of Okara, 3600, Okara, Pakistan, Khan M. I. ,   Department of Physics, University of Lahore, 53700, Pakistan, Atif M. ,   Department of Physics and Astronomy, college of science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, Ahmad I. ,   Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA, Sharif A. ,   Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
Published: November 2024

In this work, highly efficient ZnO nanorods (NRs) were prepared using an easy and costeffective hydrothermal process. The Synthesized ZnO NR have been analyzed for their structure, morphology, and optical characteristics using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-visible) spectroscopy, respectively. Additionally, a test is conducted on the ZnO nanorod's photocatalytic efficiency towards the degradation of certain dyes, Methylene Blue (MB) and Methyl Orange (MO). The FESEM investigation revealed that the ZnO nanostructures show nanorods with varying diameters (needle-like shape) with an estimated size of (10 to 20) µm. According to the XRD examination, the NRs had a hexagonal-shaped wurtzite pattern, exhibiting an average crystallite diameter of about 50 nm. FTIR spectra confirmed that functional groups from the substance being extracted were present in the ZnO NRs. The band-gap value of 3.37 eV was determined through the TAUC plot model from the ultraviolet-visible spectrum data. In the presence of as-synthesized ZnO NRs, the MO dye degraded by 100 percent in 46 minutes, but the MB dye significantly degraded by approximately 100 % in 20 minutes with high degradation rate constants kMO = 0.086 min-1 and kMB = 0.180 min-1, respectively.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСІВ МАСОВІДДАЧІ ТА ДИФУЗІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ ЦУКРОЗИ В ЧАСТИНКИ ПЛОДУ ЯБЛУКА
Authors: Гузьова Ірина О. , Атаманюк Володимир М.
Published: November 2024

У роботі спроектовано установку для бланшування та насичення цукрозою частинок плоду яблука в режимі барботування цукрового сиропу інертним газом. Для процесу насичення підготовлено цукровий сироп з температурою 70 °С та концентрацією 60 % Brix. На основі фото зрізів бланшованих плодів визначено середній діаметр та загальну довжину каналів між клітинами бланшованого яблука, і, відповідно, поверхневу поруватість частинок – 0.162 м2/м2. Розроблено механізм процесу насичення на основі залежності швидкості насичення плодів яблука від часу. Це обгрунтовує фізичний зміст процесів насичення в зовнішньо- та внутрі-шньодифузійній областях. Доведено, що в зовнішньодифузійній області існує нерегулярне насичення на початку процесу та насичення в періоді постійної швидкості. У внутрішньодифузійній області існує період спадаючої швидкості насичення. Доведено, що ефективні коефіцієнти дифузії залежать як від гідро-динамічних умов процесу, так і від області насичення. В зовнішньодифузійній області коефіцієнт ефективної дифузії є більшим, ніж у внутрішнодифузійній, в 100–200 разів. Авторами статті запропоновано проводити процеси насичення окремо для зовнішньо- та внутрішньодифузійної області. На основі узагальнення експериментальних даних виведені аналітичні залежності зміни концентрації цукрози в частинках плодів яблука в часі для зовнішньодифузійної та внутрішньодифузійної області. Виведені залежності дають змогу теоретично розрахувати кількість цукрози, яка переходить в частинку плоду яблука у внутрішньо- та зовнішньодифузійній областях. Також виведені критеріальні рівняння для розрахування коефіцієнту масовіддачі для ламінарного, турбулентного та перехідного режимів барботування сиропу інертним газом. За допомогою критеріальних рівнянь можна визначити кількість цукрози, яка переходить з сиропу в частинку плоду яблука шляхом масовіддачі.
ENTRE PATERNIDADES E MATERNIDADES: PERSPECTIVAS INTERSECCIONAIS
Authors: Cerqueira Santos Elder , Barbosa dos Santos Helen , Brandelli Costa Angelo
Published: November 2024

O livro Entre Paternidades e Maternidades: Perspectivas Interseccionais, organizado por Elder Cerqueira Santos (professor do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe), Helen Barbosa dos Santos (pós-doutoranda CNPq no Grupo de Estudos em Preconceito, Vulnerabilidades e Processos Psicossociais da Psicologia da PUCRS, professora visitante da Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, FURG) e Angelo Brandelli Costa (Grupo de Estudos em Preconceito, Vulnerabilidades e Processos sicossociais da Psicologia da PUCRS), visa à publicação atual sobre as múltiplas dimensões e configurações acerca das maternidades e paternidades na realidade contemporânea do Brasil e de Portugal, e de suas interfaces em diversas esferas de interesse da sicologia a partir de temas centrais, em linguagem clara, mantendo rigor teórico e científico. Os textos são apresentados como ensaio teórico, artigo de revisão teórica ou artigo científico advindo de pesquisa. A comissão editorial, além de especialista na temática das relações de gênero, parentalidades, masculinidades e paternidades, possui um quadro de pesquisadores/professores de diversas universidades brasileiras e instituições não governamentais atuantes no Brasil, em Portugal e na América Latina, que estão convidados a compor cada seção do livro.
A SAÚDE MENTAL PERINATAL: DESENVOLVENDO UM OLHAR SOBRE AS MATERNIDADES LÉSBICA E BISSEXUAL
Authors: Andrade Barbosa Isabelle Haaiara , Cerqueira Santos Elder
Published: November 2024

A sociedade ocidental trabalha com uma representação historicamente construída da gestação como período de plenitude, alegria e instauração do que se tem como amor materno pelo feto (Maldonado, 2013). A gravidez é caracterizada como um período de mudanças intensas em dimensões fisiológicas, anatômicas, psicológicas, neurológicas, relacionais e socioeconômicas, vivenciada de forma singular por cada pessoa (Maldonado, 2013; Wenzel; Kleiman, 2015).
Características da moradia
Authors: Maria Longhi de Oliveira Suelyn , Karina Silva da Rocha Tanaka Ana , Picoli Gheno Brenda , Furtado Marinho Daltiéli
Published: November 2024

Neste capítulo serão abordadas as características da moradia dos idosos e longevos do Brasil, dados obtidos por meio da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) de 2019 em comparação à pesquisa realizada em 2013 pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Pesquisa (IBGE). Esses dados mostram a realidade e a perspectiva das necessidades e demandas das pessoas idosas, para dessa forma ser possível planejar e implementar políticas públicas para o público idoso no Brasil.
Utilização de serviços de saúde – atendimento hospitalar
Authors: Helena da Rosa Bruna , Mocelin Guilherme , José Gonçalves Bós Ângelo
Published: November 2024

O presente capítulo compara aspectos relacionados às características das internações hospitalares entre idosos (60-79 anos) e longevos (80 anos ou mais) brasileiros entre os anos de 2013 e 2019. Os dados analisados para esta comparação foram extraídos das duas edições da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) realizadas pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), presentes no módulo J (Utilização de serviços de saúde), e abrangem o relato de internação no último ano (relativo à entrevista), média do número de internações, tratamento utilizado durante a internação, período de internação, tipo de estabelecimento entre as categorias etárias, idosos e longevos entre os anos estudados. Os resultados dessa comparação são apresentados na forma de tabelas, em frequências relativas e absolutas, médias e desvio padrão, valores mínimo e máximo. O capítulo é uma atualização da primeira edição deste livro e teve o original escrito pelos autores: Fabrício Oliveira Cardoso; Eliane Bariviera; Andressa Dutra Dode; e Josemara de Paula Rocha, os quais não puderam participar da sua atualização. (se público ou privado), tipo de serviço (se particular, Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS -, ou plano de saúde) e qualidade do serviço recebido. O objetivo deste capítulo é diferenciar as características supracitadas
Utilização de serviços de saúde – estado de saúde de idosos e longevos
Authors: Breda Martins Renata , Nunes Stahnke Douglas , Baccarin Ianiski Valéria , de Paula Rocha Josemara
Published: November 2024

A população idosa tem se tornado crescente pelo aumento de expectativa de vida, fazendo com que seja notável uma demanda maior para a área da saúde, social e política (OPAS, 2019). Para o Brasil as estimativas projetadas apontam que em 2030 o percentual de indivíduos com idade ≥ 60 anos deve chegar a 18,7%, e cerca de 6.852.053 (3,05%) terão 80 anos ou mais. Com o aumento do número de pessoas com 60 anos ou mais, há uma maior prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) com alterações do estado de saúde, que muitas vezes são acompanhadas de prejuízos à capacidade funcional, isto é, da capacidade da pessoa de realizar as tarefas cotidianas relacionadas à vida independente na comunidade (chamadas instrumentais, de maior complexidade) e à sobrevivência (chamadas básicas, mais simples), que demandam a procura pelos sistemas prestadores de serviços a saúde (Alves; Leite; Machado, 2008; Pinheiro, 2019; Figueiredo et al., 2021).
Características das quedas de idosos e longevos
Authors: Guimarães Oliveira Zmuda Gabriela , de Oliveira Brauner Fabiane , de Paula Rocha Josemara , Cristina Werlang Maria , Cristofoli Caberlon Iride , José Gonçalves Bós Ângelo
Published: November 2024

A queda é considerada um problema de saúde pública para a população idosa, devido a sua alta prevalência, suas complicações e os altos custos para os serviços de saúde (Franklin et al., 2018). De forma geral, o risco aumentado de quedas está associado a características intrínsecas e/ou extrínsecas. Os fatores intrínsecos são pertinentes às alterações fisiológicas do processo de envelhecimento, como a redução da acuidade visual, o uso de determinados medicamentos, doenças crônicas, diminuição da força muscular e do equilíbrio. Por outro lado, os fatores extrínsecos estão relacionados a fatores ambientais e sociais, tais como iluminação imprópria, tapetes sem antiderrapantes pisos lisos, vias públicas com calçamento precário, comportamentos de risco, entre outros (Almeida et al., 2012). Geralmente, uma queda isolada é causada por algum fator ambiental, contudo, quando mais de uma queda ocorre, observa-se a presença de doenças crônicas e/ ou déficits sensoriais (Leite et al., 2012).
Características da funcionalidade
Authors: Maahs Flores Liziane , Antônio Dal Molin Flores Álvaro , Cássio Pereira Grigol Marlon , Pacheco Estima Correia Sofia , Guimarães Oliveira Zmuda Gabriela
Published: November 2024

Funcionalidade é a capacidade de o indivíduo realizar atividades em seu dia a dia e participar na sociedade, envolvendo todas as funções do corpo (Costa et al., 2017). A capacidade funcional pode ser definida como o potencial que os idosos apresentam para “funcionar”, decidindo e atuando em suas próprias vidas de forma independente, cuidando dos seus negócios e de si próprios (Barbosa et al., 2014). A incapacidade, por sua vez, se refere a um declínio funcional, gerando dificuldades para o idoso realizar algumas atividades e desenvolver seu papel na sociedade de forma independente, e por isso está sendo considerada como um novo paradigma de saúde do idoso (Nunes et al., 2017; Schmidt et al., 2020).
Proventos de pessoas idosas e longevas: rendimentos e/ou aposentadoria
Authors: Paula Romite Fagundes Ana , Silvana Risson Ranna Darla , Monticelli Giongo Milena , Lunardelli Priscilla
Published: November 2024

Este capítulo aborda questões sobre a existência/provimento de renda para o estrato etário de pessoas com 60 anos ou mais, sendo classificados em idosos jovens e longevos no ano de 2019, em que será realizada uma comparação indireta ajustada para o salário mínimo nacional vigente nos anos de 2013 e 2019. Isto porque o módulo F, do questionário da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), trata prioritariamente de dados medidos em valores financeiros, e o valor nominal do dinheiro, expresso em diferentes períodos históricos, não é comparável diretamente desde o ponto de vista econômico, pois “o valor de uma quantia em dinheiro hoje vai ser sempre maior do que amanhã, em virtude do risco de crédito e da perda do poder de compra da moeda” (Cabral, 2021).
Az opioidkrízis egy lehetséges megoldása: új típusú fájdalomcsillapítók fejlesztése
Authors: Angyal Péter , Varga Szilárd , Soós Tibor
Published: November 2024

Az opioidválság hatására kiemelten fontos kutatási iránnyá vált az új fájdalomcsillapítók fejlesztése, amelyek a korábbiaknál kedvezőbb mellékhatásprofillal rendelkeznek. A probléma lehetséges megoldását ismét a természet inspirálta: a kratom növény egy metabolitja, a mitraginin-pszeudoindoxil, amelynek gyógyszeripari fejlesztését akadályozza a vegyülethez való korlátozott hozzáférhetőség. A Kooperatív Doktori Program keretében megvalósítottuk e természetes vegyület, majd számos származék első totálszintézisét. Ezzel lehetőség nyílt a szerkezet–hatás összefüggéseket feltérképező biológiai vizsgálatok és a célzott fejlesztés elvégzésére, továbbá felfedeztünk egy a farmakológiai hatást is befolyásoló izomerizációs jelenséget. Mindemellett egy olyan módszertani fejlesztést is végrehajtottunk, amely olefinek ipari szempontból jelentős vegyületekké (pl. Lobesia botrana szexferomonja) való átalakításában talált alkalmazást.
Fluoreszcens in situ hibridizációval igazolt onkopatológiai génelváltozások automatizált kiértékelése digitalizált teljes mintákon
Authors: Csizmadia Annamaria , Molnár Béla , Kapczár Dóra , Papp Gergő , Krenács Tibor
Published: November 2024

Fluoreszcens in situ hibridizációval (FISH) genetikai aberrációk igazolhatók tumormintákon. Digitális mikroszkópiára épülő automatizált képanalízissel a nagy felbontású FISH génjelek mintánként több ezer sejtben igazolhatók, és a kezelést befolyásoló daganatheterogenitás is pontosan meghatározható. A módszer a patológus munkaterhelésének csökkentése mellett támogatja a hatékonyabb diagnózist és az erre épülő onkológiai terápiát. A FISHQuant algoritmus finombeállítás után nagyszámú tumormintán igazolta a módszer alkalmasságát diagnosztikus célokra, mind génátrendeződéses, mind kópiaszám-eltéréses génhibák megbízható kimutatásában. Vizsgálataink ugyancsak rávilágítottak a 3D magszegmentálás előnyeire a 2D módszerrel szemben. A dolgozatban röviden bemutatjuk kutatásunk néhány eredményét.
Measured or communicated?
Authors: Fábri György
Published: November 2024

This research paper explores the intricate relationship between university rankings, mass democracy, and postmodernity, elucidating the societal shift in evaluating academic excellence. As higher education experiences mass democratization, rankings emerge as vital tools in the new information market, providing accessible metrics for an increasingly diverse audience. The concept of “medialization” underscores the impact of rankings on shaping public perception, as journalists, lacking deep understanding of academic intricacies, turn to rankings for clarity. Reactivity within universities to achieve higher ranking placements underscores the internal influence of external media-driven evaluations. The paper argues that postmodern relativism challenges traditional meritocracy, disrupting the established communicative status of universities. Amidst ongoing debates about the legitimacy of rankings, the research recommends embracing a communicative meritocracy as a strategic response, emphasizing the importance of universities actively shaping their narrative. The emergence of AI, exemplified by chatGPT, is identified as a potential transformative force, offering personalized information and challenging traditional ranking methodologies. The research concludes with a call for continuous self-reflection within ranking systems and universities amidst a changing higher education landscape.
Receipt of Family Planning Services in the United States: 2022-2023
Authors: Martinez Gladys
Published: November 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Influência de tratamentos térmicos sobre varetas combustíveis de Zr-1.0Nb-1.0Sn-0.1Fe: Evolução microestrutural, propriedades mecânicas e comportamento sob desgaste por fretting
Authors: De Azevedo Baêta Daniele , De Medeiros Neil
Published: November 2024

Neste trabalho, estudou-se o comportamento de varetas combustíveis de Zr-1Nb-1Sn-0,1Fe submetendo-as a ensaios físicos visando reproduzir a ocorrência de fretting e reduzir a ocorrência de GTRF por meio de engenharia de superfície/transformação de fase. Para tanto, tratamentos térmicos foram realizados nas superfícies das varetas combustíveis em diferentes temperaturas para modificar a microestrutura (α-Zr a β-Zr) e melhorar as propriedades mecânicas. Os testes mecânicos confirmaram a melhora nas propriedades mecânicas e os testes MEV, EED e DRX confirmaram a modificação da microestrutura da liga. Os testes de fretting foram realizados em equipamentos projetados para induzir deslocamentos horizontais das varetas combustíveis em relação à grade espaçadora. Verificou-se, por microscopia confocal, que os mecanismos de desgaste por fretting observados nas varetas combustíveis incluem abrasão, adesão e deformação plástica, e que o aumento da temperatura de tratamento térmico diminui a perda de massa, indicando desgaste por fretting menos severo
MOTIVAÇÃO PARA A PRÁTICA DE CROSSFIT
Authors: Nunes Coelho Marcelo , Dantas Alessandro
Published: November 2024

Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo utilizar a teoria da autodeterminação para avaliar a qualidade motivacional em praticantes de Crossfit e buscar por correlações entre a qualidade motivacional medida e a satisfação autorrelatada das necessidades psicológicas básicas de autonomia, competência e pertencimento. Os dados foram coletados a partir de um instrumento psicométrico (escala) validada e aplicada a 301 indivíduos praticantes de Crossfit em diversos boxes de várias cidades. Nossos resultados informam que a grande maioria dos praticantes de Crossfit tem motivação autônoma. Revelou também que essa motivação é independente de sexo, idade e tempo de prática. Além disso, observamos que os participantes relataram um alto grau de satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas de autonomia, pertencimento e competência.
Far-right Terrorism in the West in Years 2015–2022
Authors:   Siedlce University, Stempień Marta Sara
Published: November 2024

Most politically motivated terrorist incidents in the West are now classified as far-right. The growing threat is confirmed by statistics. In 2010, only one far-right terrorist attack was recorded, compared to 49 in 2019. In the past five years, there have been more than 35 far-right terrorist incidents in the West yearly, and over the past two decades, far-right terrorism has been more fatal than far-left terrorism. The aim of this article is to characterise the far-right terrorism in selected countries, by identifying similarities and differences. The following research problem is central to this analysis: in which regions of the West is far-right terrorism becoming a greater threat than Jihadi-oriented terrorism? Research has shown that despite the low level of casualties caused by far-right terrorists compared to those caused by jihadists, in some regions, the number of fatal far-right attacks has increased by 250% since 2014.
Una escatología de la narcotelenovela: visiones y versiones
Authors: Renjel Daniela
Published: November 2024

El presente ensayo explora las herencias que recibió la narcotelenovela colombiana de tres vertientes narrativas de distinto orden: el melodrama, el thriller y el neopolicial. A través del rescate de estas herencias conceptualizadas desde la academia, veremos la articulación y transformación de un género popular en un producto específico que intentó narrar diariamente la contracara de una historia hegemónica que, una vez agotada, dio paso a su propia parodia. El resultado es que las narcotelenovelas son un subgénero conceptualmente complejo, pero también capaz de abrir una reflexión democrática sobre responsabilidades ignoradas. El ensayo concluye en que este ejercicio ha permitido que la telenovela, entendida como una narrativa de entretenimiento, permita avanzar en la reelaboración de un capítulo pendiente en la historia de Colombia y, por otro lado, a extender ese análisis desmitificador a las series de estirpe biográfica, que han venido a reemplazar/continuar a las narcotelenovelas en la oferta televisiva.
Optimal control of the catalytic reaction process
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Antipina Evgenia V. , Mustafina Svetlana A. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Antipin Andrey F. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the development of an algorithm for determining the optimal operating parameters of a catalytic reaction. Statements of optimal control problems are formulated, in which the temperature and time of the reaction act as control parameters. To solve them, a genetic algorithm with real coding is given. The efficiency of the algorithm is confirmed by the results of numerical experiments for the ethylene oligomerization reaction.
On energy efficiency and performance of polynomial and LUT-based approximation of elementary functions in floating-point systems
Authors:   Far-Eastern Federal University, Chusov Andrey A. , Shklyar Anna A. ,   Far-Eastern Federal University, Efimova Yulia I. ,   Far-Eastern Federal University
Published: November 2024

The paper presents results of theoretical and experimental analysis of common methods used for polynomial and table-based numerical approximation of transcendental elementary functions calculated in a finite precision with guarantees on maximal absolute errors, and, particularly, with correct rounding in a given rational or floatingpoint system. The methods of approximation of real-valued functions include Taylor-based polynomial approximation, also one based on the CORDIC “shift-and-add” LUT-based approximation as well as iterative evaluation of digits of a logarithm. The methods are analyzed with the purpose to achieve their energy efficiency and speed given the constraint on maximal absolute errors which is that the result must be off by no more than a half of a unit in the last place of mantissa, with rounding to nearest even in the case of a floating-point system. Experimentally, LUT-based approximation outperforms polynomial approximation by a large margin, and asymptotically, the former consumes resources linearly with the required accuracy while the latter is polynomial and non-linear.
The self-checking digital devices synthesis based on weight-based sum code, which check symbols are described by self-dual Boolean functions
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Efanov Dmitry V. ,   Russian University of Transport,   Tashkent State Transport University
Published: November 2024

The proposed article considers sum code in a residue ring over a given modulo M of the data vector weighted bits. Test symbols are described by self-dual Boolean functions. It is proven that such codes can be constructed only under the condition M  {2, 4, 8, …} for certain arrays of weighting coefficients. The division into special classes of the weight-based sum code special case in the residue ring modulo M=4 is given. Cases with the number of data bits m=4 are considered. It has been determined that only two options for weighing with weight coefficients from arrays [1, 1, 2, 3] and [1, 2, 2, 2], without considering permutations of weights, give codes with the function selfduality property that describe check symbols. The concurrent error-detection circuit structure based on weight-based sum code in a residue ring by modulo M=4 with the m=4 data bits is given.
Linearized necessary optimality condition and study of quasi-singular controls in one step discrete-continuous optimal control problem
Authors:   Baku State University, Mansimov Kamil B. ,   Institute of Control Systems of the Ministry of Science and Education of Azerbaijan, Karimova Aytaj V. ,   Baku State University
Published: November 2024

We consider a stepwise optimal control problem described by a set of nonlinear difference and integrodifferential equations of Volterra type with initial Cauchy conditions and a general nonlinear functional of Boltza type. Control areas are considered to be convex bounded sets. A formula for the second-order increment of the quality functional is constructed. Under certain assumptions, special partial increments of the functional are calculated and, with their making use, an analogue of the linearized maximum condition is proved. In the case of degeneration (quasispecial case) of the linearized maximum condition, a number of necessary conditions for the optimality of quasispecial controls are derived.
Asymptotic analysis of a closed G-network with rewards
Authors:   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Rusilko Tatiana V. , Salnikov Dmitry A. ,   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno
Published: November 2024

A closed exponential G-network with positive and negative customers is studied. In addition, the G-network under study generates a sequence of rewards or earnings associated with network transitions from one state to another. The total network reward is a random process governed by the probabilistic relations of the Markov process that determines the number of customers in the network nodes. The purpose of this paper is to asymptotically study the G-network with rewards under the assumption of a large number of customers. The main objective is to calculate the expected total reward of the G-network in the asymptotic case. It is proved that reward density function satisfies the generalized Kolmogorov backward equation. An ordinary differential equation for the expected reward that the G-network will earn in a time t if it starts in a given initial state, is derived.
Delays and reliability of request servicing in a virtual computer cluster
Authors:   National Research University of Information Technologies, Phung Van Quy , Bogatyrev Vladimir A. ,   National Research University of Information Technologies; Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: November 2024

This research investigates the possibilities of enhancing service quality in a two-tier virtual cluster with the aim of justifying the selection of the number of waiting slots in the queues of second-tier virtual machines and the number of containers deployed within them. The proposed virtual cluster model accounts for the potential decrease in service rate within channels (containers) due to the division of shared limited computational resources among them.
Controlled queuing systems with a stationary uniform distribution
Authors:   Institute for Applied Mathematics, Tsitsiashvili Gurami Sh. , Kharchenko Yury N. ,   Institute for Applied Mathematics
Published: November 2024

The paper considers a method for introducing additional transient intensities into the queuing system, creating a uniform stationary distribution over a set of states. It is basing on the selection of states in which the sum of the input intensities is not equal to the sum of the output intensities. New transitional intensities are introducing between these states, which transform these inequalities into equalities. On the one hand, such a transformation is connecting with the procedure for clearing the service system of customers. On the other hand, this procedure to some extent simulates the process of transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory. In this paper, the procedure for introducing new elements into the graph of transient intensities is understood as management in the queuing system. The algorithms used in the work for introducing new transient intensities are closely relating to the procedure for determining the maximum flow in the network and to the northwest angle method in linear programming.