bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Cleft Rhinoplasty with Custom Suture Needle for Alar Cartilage Repositioning in Unilateral Cleft Lip Patients: 3D Nasal Analysis
Authors: Kim Young Chul , Yoon Inah , Min Jae Cheong , Woo Soo Hyun , Kwon Soon Man , Oh Tae Suk
Published: June 2023

Objective

Primary nasal correction has been demonstrated to be a beneficial practice for patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate. However, there is currently no consensus among cleft surgeons regarding the ideal approach to addressing the malpositioned cartilages. This study aims to introduce a new surgical technique for repositioning deformed lower lateral cartilage during primary cleft rhinoplasty, which involves using a customized suture needle.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Tertiary university-affiliated hospital.

Participants

This retrospective study included 51 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate who underwent primary rhinoplasty during the labial repair.

Main outcome measures

A morphological analysis of the nose was conducted using three-dimensional (3D) photographs. The cleft-to-noncleft side ratios of various nasal parameters, including nasal tip volume, nostril width, height, and area, were calculated at three time points: preoperative (T0), 3 months postoperative (T1), and 1 year postoperative (T2).

Results

Significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed in the cleft-to-noncleft side ratios of nasal volume and nostril parameters. The nasal volume ratio and nostril height ratio remained stable, with no significant differences between the T1 and T2 periods. The nostril width ratio increased from 0.96 ± 0.13 at T1 to 1.05 ± 0.16 at T2, indicating an appropriate degree of surgical overcorrection of nasal width during primary lip repair.

Conclusion

Primary cleft rhinoplasty using a Chang's needle allows direct suture placement in the intercartilaginous region with minimally invasive approach, thereby preserving growth potential of the nose and restoring the nasal symmetry.
Perceived Overqualification Among Therapists: An Experimental Study
Authors: Allan Blake A. , Sterling Haley M. , Kim Taewon , Joy Eileen E. , Kahng Derek S.
Published: June 2023

The goal of the current study was to experimentally manipulate perceived overqualification (POQ) among a sample of therapists and assess this manipulation’s effect on task meaningfulness, positive affect, and negative affect. To conduct the experiment, we had participants read a clinical case vignette and then randomly assigned them to answer questions using their specialized clinical skills (control group) or using simple recall and transcription (perceived overqualification group). The POQ group reported significantly greater perceived overqualification and significantly less task meaningfulness than the control group. Perceived overqualification also mediated the relation between the experimental condition and task meaningfulness. The groups did not differ on positive or negative affect. Results support previous research and theory suggesting that perceived overqualification can have deleterious effects on job attitudes, which has implications for organizational and individual interventions.
Transcription Factor E2F8 Promotes Cisplatin Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating DNA Damage via NUSAP1
Authors: Kong Jianqiao , Xu Song , Zhang Peng , Wang Yi
Published: June 2023

DNA damage repair has been the key mechanism of cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study elucidated the molecular mechanism by which nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) influenced cisplatin tolerance in HCC by regulating DNA damage. First, high mRNA expression of E2F8 and NUSAP1 in HCC was detected by real-time quantitative PCR in cells and tumor tissue. The interaction between E2F8 and NUSAP1 was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual-luciferase reporter assays that E2F8 bound to the promoter region of NUSAP1 and regulated its transcriptional activity. The effects of the E2F8/NUSAP1 axis on cell viability, cell cycle, DNA damage protein γ-H2AX, and cisplatin resistance were investigated by CCK-8, flow cytometry, comet detection, and western blot. The results showed that NUSAP1 knockdown blocked the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase, promoted cisplatin-induced DNA damage, and enhanced cisplatin sensitivity in HCC. Overexpressed E2F8 promoted cell cycle arrest by silencing NUSAP1 in HCC, and promoting DNA damage as well as cisplatin sensitivity. In conclusion, our results suggested that E2F8 enhanced the chemoresistance of HCC cells to cisplatin by activating NUSAP1 to inhibit DNA damage, which provides a basis for describing new therapeutic targets that effectively exacerbate DNA damage and improve the chemical sensitivity of HCC to cisplatin.
Hepatocellular Adenoma: Report of 2 Cases That Highlight the Relevance of Phenotype-Genotype Correlation in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Jiao Jingjing , Finberg Karin E. , Jain Dhanpat , Morotti Raffaella
Published: June 2023

Background:

Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) in the pediatric population is very rare and there are only limited studies, especially with molecular characterization of the tumors. Main HCA subtypes recognized in the current WHO classification include HNF1A-inactivated HCA (H-HCA), inflammatory HCA (IHCA), β-catenin-activated HCA (b-HCA), and β-catenin-activated IHCA (b-IHCA) and sonic hedgehog HCA (shHCA) is reported as an emerging subtype.

Methods:

Clinical history, pathological information, and molecular studies for a series of 2 cases of pediatric HCA were reviewed.

Results:

Case 1 was a b-HCA characterized by somatic CTNNB1 S45 mutation in a 11-year-old male with Abernethy malformation. Case 2 was a H-HCA characterized by germline HNF1A variant (c.526+1G>A) in a 15-year-old male associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 (MODY3).

Conclusion:

Our findings highlight the rarity of these 2 cases associated with adenomatosis, and the contribution of molecular/genetic analysis for proper sub-typing, prognosis and family surveillance.
Comparison of the effects of Valsalva maneuver, EMLA cream, and the combination of both in relieving pain of needle insertion on totally implantable access port: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Shi Simei , Zhu Ruiyun , Huang Xuxia , Qu Yanshan , Liang Qingtao , Lin Qiulian , Chen Youjing , Li Qiao , Liao Ting , Xin Mingzhu
Published: June 2023

Background:

Totally implantable access port (TIAP) is a subcutaneously implanted, long-term infusion device that is widely used in oncology patients. However, multiple needle insertions into TIAP may lead to pain, anxiety, and dread in patients. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Valsalva maneuver, eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream, and the combination of both in relieving pain of cannulations on TIAP.

Methods:

This was a prospective randomized controlled study. We included 223 patients treated with antineoplastic drugs and randomized them into four groups: EMLA Group (Group E), control Group (Group C), Valsalva maneuver Group (Group V), and EMLA cream combing with Valsalva maneuver Group (Group EV). Each group was given the corresponding intervention before non-coring needle insertion. The data on pain scores and overall comfort were collected by numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) and visual analog scale (VAS).

Results:

Group E and Group EV experienced the least amount of pain scores in needle insertion, which was significantly lower than Group V and Group C ( p < 0.05). Meanwhile, Group E and Group EV obtained the highest comfort level, which was significantly higher than group C ( p < 0.05). Fifteen patients developed localized skin erythema after the application of medical Vaseline or EMLA cream and subsided within half an hour after rubbing.

Conclusion:

EMLA cream is a safe and effective way to alleviate pain during non-coring needle insertion in TIAP and enhance the overall comfort of patients. We recommend applying EMLA cream 1 h before needle insertion of TIAP, especially in patients having needle phobia or high pain scores from previous non-coring needle insertion.
Subacute Thyroiditis Complicating COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Henke Katrin , Odermatt Jonas , Ziaka Mairi , Rudovich Natalia
Published: June 2023

Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is a self-limited inflammatory disease and a rare cause of thyrotoxicosis. Although the exact etiology of SAT is not sufficiently understood, it is generally associated to viral infections. Current evidence highlights that SAT may be a potentially uncommon manifestation of ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection or a post-viral complication of the disease. Despite that SAT is a rare manifestation associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease both in ongoing and resolved COVID-19 infection, the ever-increasing numbers of COVID-19 patients strengthens the possibility that this particular disease entity will be of more immediate concern in the future. The current work aims to summarize the approach of SARS-CoV-2-associated SAT, present its pathophysiology, outline current research evidence found in the literature, and discuss potential differential diagnoses and diagnostic dilemmas through an illustrative case.
Tourism development and income inequality in OECD countries: New insights from method of moments quantile regression
Authors: Chi Junwook
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to investigate the dynamic effects of tourism, economic growth, urbanization, trade openness, and globalization on income inequality in OECD countries. Using the novel method of moments quantile regression (MMQR) approach, we aim to provide new perspectives on the Kuznets curve hypothesis regarding the relationship between tourism and income inequality. The results indicate that from the 0.1 to 0.8 quantiles, the linear and cubic terms of the tourism variable positively affect income inequality, while the quadratic term has a negative impact on income inequality. These findings suggest that tourism growth is relinked with income inequality after an inverted U-shape, supporting the N-shape Kuznets curve hypothesis. Based on this evidence, tourism development may not be a sustainable solution for reducing the income gap in the long term. Our results also show a negative association between trade openness and income inequality, while urbanization is linked to unequal income distribution in most cases. Unlike other conditional mean techniques, the MMQR estimation reveals a significant linkage between globalization and income inequality from the 0.4 to 0.9 quantiles. These findings suggest that countries with stronger connections to the global economy may have more equal employment opportunities, thus decreasing income inequality.
A modern survey method for determining extraordinary loads based on multi-source online data
Authors: Xu Chi , Chen Jun , Li Jie
Published: June 2023

Induced by unusual events such as people gatherings or furniture stacking, extraordinary loads rarely occur but can exhibit significant amplitudes. Though, sufficient statistical data are required to quantify the stochastic behavior of such loads, traditional surveys typically depend on manual on-site questionnaires, leading to low efficiency, occupant resistance and problematic weight estimation. In this study, multi-source online data are therefore used to propose a new survey method. Object weights are obtained from commodity information on e-commerce websites. Object quantities and occurrence intervals are acquired from questionnaires whose distribution employs an online user database. Using the proposed method, an online extraordinary load survey is conducted on residential buildings, covering 43,941 [Formula: see text] of floor area and collecting 14,186 weight samples. Three types of extraordinary loads are considered and their statistical properties of amplitudes and occurrence intervals are determined. The survey results indicate that the variations of amplitude statistics with area are well fitted by a form of the power function. On average, furniture stacking events are found to occur 0.07 time per year, but are most likely to exhibit a considerable amplitude. Finally, the acquired data are utilized to determine the fractile values of the lifetime maximum extraordinary loads.
Large deformation of longitudinal-torsional-lateral coupled effect of round balance rope in mine friction hoisting system
Authors: Zhang Ning , Cao Guohua , Zhu Zhencai , Peng Weihong
Published: June 2023

Torsion deformable spatial beam and Costello theory are used to establish longitudinal-torsional-lateral coupled model of round balance rope. Based on Coulomb’s friction law and longitudinal-torsional-lateral coupled model, the nonlinear coupled dynamic model with friction constraint of round balance rope is established. Meanwhile, time-varying multi-segments non–equal-length element transformation method (TMN-ETM) is proposed to save computation time. Then, natural frequencies, lateral responses are calculated when the coupled stiffness coefficient is zero. And the calculations are compared with traditional solution method. The results show that only about few areas in the round balance rope loop have large stress norm value, while the rest parts have small stress values. Besides, dynamic responses of the balance rope with balance rope suspension rotor releasing are conducted. When the static friction is converted to dynamic friction, the friction torque and angle acceleration will be mutated at the switching instants, and slip-stick transition in angle acceleration occurs.
Understanding Vulnerability to Poverty, COVID-19’s Effects, and Implications for Social Protection: Insights from Ghana
Authors: Awuni Evans Tindana , Malerba Daniele , Never Babette
Published: June 2023

The Coronavirus pandemic has created new vulnerabilities and deepened existing ones. In Ghana, the overall headcount poverty decline has disguised a large group of vulnerable households now threatened with falling back into poverty given the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. This article draws on new household panel data to analyse transient poverty, the drivers of vulnerability before and since the COVID-19 pandemic and provides implications for social protection. Using poverty transition matrices, we first measure poverty episodes which help to not only track the movements in and out of poverty but also to identify and categorize households into distinctive groups. We then apply logistic regression to examine the determinants of vulnerability to poverty before evaluating COVID-19 vulnerabilities in the context of social protection in Ghana. We find that a large group of struggling households exist between the poor and the stable middle classes that have been overlooked by cash transfer programmes. We characterize this group and show that current vulnerability measurements and social protection design need adjustments. We also find that poverty and vulnerability to it is no longer a rural phenomenon as the transient poor since the COVID-19 pandemic are mostly located in urban areas and largely not covered by current social protection systems. Both vertical and horizontal expansion of social policy is required to reach these new groups and new locations. For reducing poverty and limiting vulnerability in developing country contexts, our findings imply that (a) new measurements and targeting may be required, (b) vulnerable informal groups in urban areas need to be included, and (c) new types of social protection for struggling households are required to prevent their falling back into poverty in the event of aggregate shocks.
Temporal light modulation: Data processing and metric calculations
Authors: Tan J , Leon FA , Miller NJ
Published: June 2023

There are multiple metrics used in research and industry to describe the visibility of temporal light modulation (TLM), colloquially referred to as ‘flicker’. However, the metrics are not straightforward to calculate, and the values sometimes vary according to sampling rates. This work addresses the vagaries in processing TLM waveform data and calculating the metrics. For each TLM metric, its sensitivity to sampling rate is presented, followed by recommendations for improving the reliability and consistency of calculated metrics. Appropriate sampling rates are proposed according to the nature of the waveform and metric. The analyses of this paper are based on ideal waveforms without noise or instability, but the effects of sampling rate also apply to real-world waveforms. Some metrics, such as the Stroboscopic Visibility Measure, were relatively stable (i.e. produced the same value regardless of sampling rate) – within the ranges for which they are defined – for sinusoidal and/or rectangular TLM waveforms. In contrast, short-term flicker indicator [Formula: see text] and perceived modulation [Formula: see text] values exhibited greater variability based on sampling rate. Metric values from sinusoidal waveforms were generally more stable than those from rectangular waveforms, although [Formula: see text] showed inconsistency even with sinusoidal TLM.
Labour-power production and the skills agenda in lifelong learning: A critical policy analysis of the Skills and Post-16 Education Act 2022
Authors: Cogavin Darren
Published: June 2023

This article considers how neoliberalism has created a reductionist view of lifelong learning in the UK focused on upskilling workers for the labour market. This critical policy analysis uses Marx’s theory of labour-power, as conceptualised by Glenn Rikowski, to examine the Skills and Post-16 Education Act, 2022 and to identify its ideological roots, its distribution of power, resources and knowledge, and the potential effect it will have on inequality. Findings indicate that while the Act aims to make it easier for adults to study more flexibly, not all adults will have the labour-power attributes and financial resources to access the higher-level qualifications prioritised for funding. This article argues that the Act represents a general deepening of neoliberalism in lifelong learning that will further stratify adult education and increase inequalities. This article concludes that policy has shifted from widening participation in lifelong learning linked to social enrichment and the development of democratic citizenship, to widening participation in higher levels of education and training aimed at enhancing labour-power for the capitalist labour market .
Comparison of Doppler and Oscillometric Methods of Assessing Ankle-Brachial Index in Non-diabetic Premenopausal Women in Ghana
Authors: Agyekum Jennifer A. , Oblitey Jared , Yeboah Kwame
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common cardiovascular disorder less commonly diagnosed in female patients. Peripheral arterial disease is objectively diagnosed using the ankle-brachial index (ABI), which can be measured using the “gold standard” Doppler method or the oscillometric method. The agreement between these 2 methods is less investigated in the sub-Saharan African population. Therefore, we compared the diagnostic characteristics of the oscillometric method of measuring ABI with the Doppler method in premenopausal female patients in Ghana. Methods: The ABI was measured in non-diabetic premenopausal women suspected of having PAD using the Doppler method with an 8 MHz handheld Doppler (LifeDop 250, Summit Doppler) and an oscillometric device (Vasera 1500N, Fukuda Denshi) in 160 patients (320 legs). Peripheral arterial disease was defined as an ABI <0.90 in at least one leg. Leg symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh claudication questionnaire. Results: Leg pain on exertion was present in 101 patients screened with similar mean ABIs in the right and left legs. The prevalence of PAD as screened by the Doppler method was 25.7% (18.9%-33.4%) and that of the oscillometric method was 32.2% (24.9%-40.3%). In comparison with the Doppler method, the accuracy of the oscillometric method was 88.2%, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 89.7%, 87.6%, 71.4%, and 96.1%, respectively. The overall agreement between the Doppler and oscillometric methods was high, = 0.78 (0.62-0.91), P < .001, with an intraclass correlation of 0.89 (0.87-0.92, P < .001). In receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the oscillometric method showed an area under the curve of 0.925 compared with the Doppler method in the diagnosis of PAD. Conclusion: In non-diabetic premenopausal women in our study, oscillometric ABI performed acceptably in the diagnosis of PAD when compared with Doppler ABI.
Barriers and Strategies to Finding Employment for Substance-Involved Women Leaving Jail: A Feminist Analysis
Authors: Roddy Ariel L.
Published: June 2023

Women transitioning from jail contexts have cited employment as their greatest priority, though this population often has difficulty finding and maintaining employment. Using an applied thematic analysis and a sample of 60 women leaving substance use treatment after spending time in jail, this research identifies common barriers to employment, as well as strategies used to overcome these barriers. The most common barrier faced by women was transportation, followed by justice system involvement and physical disabilities/mental health concerns. Though transportation barriers were most often mentioned, women were also most likely to mention strategies to address them. Women were least likely to mention strategies to navigate caretaking responsibilities and physical disabilities/mental health concerns. Finally, this work identifies several facilitators of employment for women who did not experience barriers to finding work. The results of this research promote gender-responsive approaches to employment-related programming.
Mind the Gaps: The Need for Inclusion of Male-Identified Voices in Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
Authors: Valdez Elizabeth Salerno , Valdez Luis , Gorry Eddie , Chan Jazmine , Dixon Saharra , Fisher Tiarra , Simoun Alya , Weil Mira , Collins-Lovell Camille , Egan Justine , Gubrium Aline
Published: June 2023

Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) inequities are well documented for historically excluded youth (i.e., youth of color, LGBTQIA+ youth, youth with disabilities, recently im/migrated youth) living in the U.S. Northeast. However, the lived experience of male-identifying young people from historically excluded backgrounds in ASRH remains largely unexamined. The purpose of this paper is to present findings related to male-identified perspectives on social constructions of sexuality, sexual and reproductive health, and sexuality education. A research team composed of two local youth-serving organizations, eight youth researchers, and university researchers, used Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) methods to examine how structural violence contributes to inequitable ASRH outcomes for historically excluded youth. Photovoice and community mapping were used as YPAR methods. We also completed individual interviews on the same topic with the youth and with 17 key stakeholders that either provide services to youth or are emerging adult service recipients. Community-driven data reveal two major themes around the silencing of male-identified voices in ASRH: lack of culture-centered and gender-expansive approaches for ASRH, and the subsequent toll of sexism and (cis)gendered social and educational norms on young people. Our findings highlight that sexuality education, cisgender hetero culture, and social norms have put the onus of responsibility on people identifying as women for sexual and reproductive health. An unintended consequence of that is that young people identifying as men may feel powerless and uninformed around their own SRH. Our findings illustrate the importance of using culture-centered and gender-transformative approaches to ASRH to address inequity.
Multiple response optimization of sizing machine settings and sized yarn tensile properties using advanced method of experimental design
Authors: Genene Abay Andualem , Ayele Million
Published: June 2023

On a loom, the warp yarns experience exceptionally high mechanical stresses and strains, as well as significant abrasion from friction. As a result, significant yarn breakages cause loom stoppages and, hence, production and quality interruptions. To mitigate this problem, the warp yarns should be treated with a thin, strong film of an appropriate adhesive. The aim of this study is therefore, to investigate the effect of sizing machine parameters on tensile properties of the yarn and to optimize the sized yarn tensile properties. Design expert 11 software with Box-Behnken design has been employed to design the research, analyze the results of experiments, and optimize the responses. In this research, three factors, each at three levels (wet zone yarn tension (A) (340, 380, and 420 N), squeezing roller pressure (B) (13, 15, and 17 N), and sizing machine speed (C) (30, 49, and 68 m/min), as well as three response variables (gain strength, loss elongation, and stretch), are considered. 15 samples of sized yarn have been produced with various combinations of the given factors, and the values of the response variables are measured for each sample. It has been observed that wet zone yarn tension and squeezing roller pressure have a significant effect on gain strength, stretch, and loss elongation. According to the regression analysis, gain strength has a negative relationship with wet zone yarn tension and a positive relationship with squeezing roller pressure. In the other case, both wet-zone yarn tension and squeezing roller pressure have a positive and significant effect on loss elongation and yarn stretch. At 340 N wet zone yarn tension, 13 N squeezing roller pressure, and 51 m/min sizing machine speed, the optimum values of gain strength (32.7 cN/tex), loss elongation (18.5%), and stretch (1.4%) were obtained. The methodologies employed in this study revealed the empirical relationship between the factors and the responses, the interaction effects of the factors on the responses, and multiple response optimizations. The optimized result of this study can be applied to the warp yarn sizing and can improve the tensile properties of the yarn and the loom’s efficiency significantly.
Role of knitted techniques in recent developments of biomedical applications: A review
Authors: Ahmed Usman , Hussain Tanveer , Abid Sharjeel
Published: June 2023

All the surgical bandages, extracorporeal devices, and prosthetic implants that we use today are the product of textiles. Because they conform well to the body and feel good against the skin. Woven, non-woven, and knitted are only textile fabric construction methods. Among all, the knitted structures are more breathable and simpler to produce. In the previous two decades, knitting technology has advanced, now it is simple to create customized flexible and cost-effective biomedical devices. Knitted structures are increasingly used in implantable textiles like hernia and heart patches etc. due to their comfort, optimal strength, and ability to ravel from the last loop. The porous structure of knitted fabrics is particularly well suited for the transport of drugs. Since the knitted pattern, yarn effect, and dimensional parameters of fabric are all displayed in the 3D simulation software like Apex-lll and M-1, there is no longer any need to use actual fabric for quality control purposes, which greatly aids in reducing fabric waste. This article offers recent research on knitted fabrics including their advantages, disadvantages and future solutions that could be achieved by using advanced knitting manufacturing technologies. In addition, it calls attention to the significance of knitted structure in biomedical applications which may motivate further research into materials of this kind in the future.
Develop an optimal daily washing care for technical jacket by balancing washing efficiency and functional degradation
Authors: Wei Yuhui , Zhang Haiyan , Su Zhaowei , Tao Siqi , Cao Xuejiao , Wan Zihao , Pan Wei
Published: June 2023

In order to reduce the functional degradation caused by improper daily washing-care and prolong the service life of technical jacket, the relationship between the daily washing conditions and functional degradation in the wearing performance of technical jacket (waterproof, windproof, warmth retention) was quantitatively investigated with the help of hydrostatic pressure, surface contact angle, air permeability, warmth retention, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of technical jacket after different daily washing conditions. Results showed that no matter what kind of washing modes, washing parameters, type and dosage of detergent, the wearing performance of technical jacket after washing were subjected to decrease compared with pre-washing. Additionally, it was also found that the effects of washing modes, type of detergents and washing parameters on the wearing performance of the technical jacket were significant, instead of the dosage of detergents. This indicates it was possible ways to minimize functional degradation by setting optimal washing conditions (washing parameters, washing mode, types and dosage of detergent). Balancing considerations of functional degradation and washing efficiency, the washing combination of mechanical agitation + micro-nano bubbles), type of detergent (neutral liquid detergent), dosage of detergent (3 g/L), water temperature (20°C), main washing bath ratio (1:10), main washing speed (15 rpm), main washing time (20 min), rinsing speed (30 rpm), rinsing cycles (2), belonged to the optimal washing combination in this study of washing condition. The results were of practical significance to guide manufacturers of washing machine to develop optimal daily washing produce for outdoor clothing, especially technical jacket.
Intra-cranial aneurysm treatment with contour or WEB – a single center comparison of intervention times and learning curves
Authors: Gärtner Friederike , Klintz Tristan , Peters Sönke , Bueno Neves Fernando , Mostafa Karim , Mahnke Justus , Hensler Johannes , Flüh Charlotte , Larsen Naomi , Jansen Olav , Wodarg Fritz
Published: June 2023

Background and purpose

Treating aneurysms with intra-saccular flow disruption is a feasible alternative to coil-embolization. Besides the established WEB device, the novel Contour Neurovascular System has emerged as a potentially easier alternative regarding sizing and deployment. We report the learning curve experienced at our center from the first 48 patients treated with Contour and compared it with 48 consecutive WEB cases.

Methods

Both groups were compared concerning intervention time, sizing failures leading to device changes and radiation dose. Additionally, we analyzed potential learning effects by comparing the first 24 Contour cases with our last 24 Contour cases and WEB cases respectively.

Results

Patient demographics, acute vs. incidental cases and aneurysm localization were comparable in both groups. The deployment time was faster in our 48 Contour cases (median: 22.0 ± 17.0 min), than in the WEB group (median: 27.5 ± 24.0 min). Total intervention time was similar for Contour (median: 68.0 ± 46.9 min) and WEB cases (median: 69.0 ± 38.0 min). Device implantation times in our WEB cases were slightly shorter in the later cases (median: 25.5 ± 24.1 min) than in the earlier (median: 28.0 ± 24.4 min) cases. In the Contour cohort, deployment times were similar for the first 24 cases (median: 22.0 ± 14.5 min) and the final 24 (median: 22.0 ± 19.4 min). Radiation dose was lower in the Contour group (1469.0 ± 1718 mGy*cm2 vs. 1788.0 ± 1506 mGy*cm2 using the WEB device). Less intra-procedural device changes were performed in the Contour cohort (6 of 48 cases, 12.5%), than in the WEB group (8 of 48 cases, 16.7%).

Conclusion

Aneurysm occlusion times and consequently radiation doses, as well as the amount of device changes were lower in the Contour group. Occlusion times did not differ in the first and last 24 Contour cases, leading to the assumption that the handling of Contour does not require extended training. A short training effect in occlusion times was noted, however, between the first and last WEB cases as shorter procedure times were seen in the latter cases.
Experimental investigation and crashworthiness analysis of 3D printed carbon PA automobile bumper to improve energy absorption by using LS-DYNA
Authors: Yeshanew Eyob Sisay , Ahmed Gulam Mohammed Sayeed , Sinha Devendra Kumar , Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Kamangar Sarfaraz , Alarifi Ibrahim M , Hadidi Haitham M
Published: June 2023

This research work aimed to enhance the crashworthiness of the existing automobile bumper to minimize crash injuries. As per the simulation results the weight of the carbon polyamide-based bumper is reduced in comparison with the existing steel bumper by 9.7 kg or 47.5%, with this reduction in weight 38% increase in fuel economy has been estimated. The energy absorption capability of carbon polyamide bumper is improved from the existing steel and aluminum bumper by 11.15% and 16.3% respectively and with this modification, the impact force is reduced from the existing steel bumper, which has 4.87 kN and aluminum alloy bumper, which has 4.10–1.86 kN. The crashworthiness parameter result analysis showed that the corrugated bumper geometry had a structural energy absorption (SEA), total energy absorption (TEA), and crush force efficiency (CFE) of 103.28 J/kg, 911 J, and 77.99%, which is higher than the hallow bumper geometry of 102.4 J/kg, 847 J, and 65.83% respectively. In addition to that, as the thickness of carbon polyamide bumper reduced from 4 mm to 3.5, 3, and 2.5 mm, deformation increased with a small rate from 13.5 mm to 16.7, 18.52, and 22.04 mm.
Changes in postpartum contraception utilization rates during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chin Emily , Leung Katherine , Moore Simas Tiffany A , Kumaraswami Tara
Published: June 2023

Background:

The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with restricted access to reproductive care including delayed abortion and female sterilization procedures, in addition to altered maternity care experiences. Given high rates of unintended and short-interval pregnancies in the United States in general and negative obstetric outcomes specifically associated with COVID-19, access to all effective pregnancy prevention methods during the pandemic was crucial.

Objectives:

To investigate changes in contraception utilization rates prior to delivery discharge, at outpatient postpartum visits, and at 10 weeks’ postpartum, at the largest healthcare system in Central Massachusetts, during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (15 March to 15 May 2020), compared to the same period in 2019.

Design:

Retrospective cohort review.

Methods:

Compared perinatal individuals (n = 495) who received prenatal care and delivered at UMass Memorial Medical Center from mid-March to mid-May in both 2019 (non-pandemic) and 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic). Receipt of contraception prior to delivery discharge and at outpatient postpartum visit was estimated and compared between the two time periods using the Chi-square test for categorical variables (or Fisher’s exact test when cell counts were < 5) and Student’s t-test for continuous variables. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to adjust for confounders.

Results:

The proportion of individuals who used long-acting reversible contraception before delivery discharge was 4% in 2019 and 13% in 2020 ( p = 0.01). Modes of outpatient postpartum visit contraception did not vary from 2019 to 2020, ( p = 0.06). Overall, there were no differences in contraception utilization rates at 10 weeks’ postpartum from 2019 to 2020, ( p = 0.50).

Conclusion:

Compared to a year prior, immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception use increased during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, while overall contraception use at 10 weeks’ postpartum remained unchanged. The evaluation of contraceptive use during the most restrictive time of COVID-19 pandemic can help identify opportunities to increase access to effective contraception, such as the immediate postpartum period prior to hospital discharge.
Non-arbitrary mappings between size and sound of English words: Form typicality effects during lexical access and memory
Authors: de Zubicaray Greig I , Arciuli Joanne , Guenther Frank H , McMahon Katie L , Kearney Elaine
Published: June 2023

A century of research has provided evidence of limited size sound symbolism in English, that is, certain vowels are non-arbitrarily associated with words denoting small versus large referents (e.g., /i/ as in teensy and /ɑ/ as in tall). In the present study, we investigated more extensive statistical regularities between surface form properties of English words and ratings of their semantic size, that is, form typicality, and its impact on language and memory processing. Our findings provide the first evidence of significant word form typicality for semantic size. In five empirical studies using behavioural megastudy data sets of performance on written and auditory lexical decision, reading aloud, semantic decision, and recognition memory tasks, we show that form typicality for size is a stronger and more consistent predictor of lexical access during word comprehension and production than semantic size, in addition to playing a significant role in verbal memory. The empirical results demonstrate that statistical information about non-arbitrary form-size mappings is accessed automatically during language and verbal memory processing, unlike semantic size that is largely dependent on task contexts that explicitly require participants to access size knowledge. We discuss how a priori knowledge about non-arbitrary form-meaning associations in the lexicon might be incorporated in models of language processing that implement Bayesian statistical inference.
The endeavour for political and professional freedom in Hungarian television during the 1956 October revolution
Authors: Rajcsányi Péter
Published: June 2023

This study tracks the activities of Hungarian Television’s Executive Committee, elected during the October 1956 revolution, which played a key role in the establishment of said television. The work of the Executive Committee included the development of a new television programme policy and structure, as well as the first transmissions of sports events, operas and theatrical performances, the renewal of newscasts and the introduction of entertainment and scientific programmes. It had a long-lasting impact and provided a solid basis for the future operation of Hungarian television.
Anatomical depth parameters of pronator quadratus: a cadaveric study
Authors: Duncumb Joseph W. , Chisholm Fraser , Cezayirli Enis
Published: June 2023

There is a paucity of literature documenting the cadaveric muscle thickness of pronator quadratus. We measured the width and depth of this muscle bilaterally in 15 cadavers. There was a significant difference in thickness between male and female cadavers, but the width was proportional to radius length.
Cross-Cultural Calibration of Words and Emotions: Referential, Constructionist, and Pragmatic Perspectives
Authors: Parkinson Brian
Published: June 2023

Emotion-related words differ across societies and eras. Does this mean that emotions themselves differ in similar ways? Three perspectives on language-emotion relations suggest alternative answers to this question. A referential approach implies that any language's emotion concepts provide a potentially perfectible mapping of the emotional world. Constructionist approaches suggest that linguistic concepts shape culturally different emotion perceptions. By contrast, a pragmatic approach emphasizes the performative functions served by conversational uses of emotion words. From this perspective, emotional language is attuned to culture-specific requirements for aligning relations between people and objects. Thus, emotional utterances may be constituents of socially functional emotions rather than separate commentaries on them. Full understanding of cultural variation requires investigation of naturalistic emotional conversations in different societies.
Systematic review of the barriers and facilitators to cross-sector partnerships in promoting physical activity
Authors: Kolovou V , Bolton N , Crone D , Willis S , Walklett J
Published: June 2023

Aims:

To review the barriers and facilitators that cross-sector partners face in promoting physical activity.

Methods:

We searched Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, ProQuest Central, SCOPUS and SPORTDiscus to identify published records dating from 1986 to August 2021. We searched for public health interventions drawn from partnerships, where the partners worked across sectors and their shared goal was to promote or increase physical activity through partnership approaches. We used the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme UK (CASP) checklist and Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies – of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool to guide the critical appraisal of included records, and thematic analysis to summarise and synthesise the findings.

Results:

Findings ( n = 32 articles) described public health interventions ( n = 19) aiming to promote physical activity through cross-sector collaboration and/or partnerships. We identified barriers, facilitators and recommendations in relation to four broad themes: approaching and selecting partners, funding, building capacity and taking joint action.

Conclusion:

Common challenges that partners face are related to allocating time and resources, and sustaining momentum. Identifying similarities and differences between partners early on and building good relationships, strong momentum and trust can take considerable time. However, these factors may be essential for fruitful collaboration. Boundary spanners in the physical activity system could help translate differences and consolidate common ground between cross-sector partners, accelerating joint leadership and introducing systems thinking.

PROSPERO registration number:

CRD42020226207.
Medication holidays in osteoporosis: evidence-based recommendations from the Italian guidelines on ‘Diagnosis, risk stratification, and continuity of care of fragility fractures’ based on a systematic literature review
Authors: Migliaccio Silvia , Moretti Antimo , Biffi Annalisa , Ronco Raffaella , Porcu Gloria , Adami Giovanni , Alvaro Rosaria , Bogini Riccardo , Caputi Achille Patrizio , Cianferotti Luisella , Frediani Bruno , Gatti Davide , Gonnelli Stefano , Lenzi Andrea , Leone Salvatore , Nicoletti Tiziana , Paoletta Marco , Pennini Annalisa , Piccirilli Eleonora , Michieli Raffaella , Tarantino Umberto , Rossini Maurizio , Corrao Giovanni , Brandi Maria Luisa , Iolascon Giovanni
Published: June 2023

Background:

Noncommunicable, chronic diseases need pharmacological interventions for long periods or even throughout life. The temporary or permanent cessation of medication for a specific period, known as a ‘medication holiday,’ should be planned by healthcare professionals.

Objectives:

We evaluated the association between continuity (adherence or persistence) of treatment and several outcomes in patients with fragility fractures in the context of the development of the Italian Guidelines.

Design:

Systematic review.

Data Sources and Methods:

We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to November 2020 for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies that analyzed medication holidays in patients with fragility fracture. Three authors independently extracted data and appraised the risk of bias of the included studies. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. Effect sizes were pooled in a meta-analysis using random effects models. Primary outcomes were refracture and quality of life; secondary outcomes were mortality and treatment-related adverse events.

Results:

Six RCTs and nine observational studies met our inclusion criteria, ranging from very low to moderate quality. The adherence to antiosteoporotic drugs was associated with a lower risk of nonvertebral fracture [relative risk (RR) 0.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20–0.87; three studies] than nonadherence, whereas no difference was detected in the health-related quality of life. A reduction in refracture risk was observed when continuous treatment was compared to discontinuous therapy (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25–0.98; three studies). A lower mortality rate was detected for the adherence and persistence measures, while no significant differences were noted in gastrointestinal side effects in individuals undergoing continuous versus discontinuous treatment.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that clinicians should promote adherence and persistence to antiosteoporotic treatment in patients with fragility fractures unless serious adverse effects occur.
T-score discordance between hip and lumbar spine: risk factors and clinical implications
Authors: Chiang Ming-Hsiu , Jang Yeu-Chai , Chen Yu-Pin , Chan Wing P. , Lin Ying-Chin , Huang Shu-Wei , Kuo Yi-Jie
Published: June 2023

Background:

T-score discordance is common in osteoporosis diagnosis and leads to problems for clinicians formulating treatment plans.

Objectives:

This study investigated the potential predictors of T-score discordance and compared fracture risk among individuals with varying T-score discordance status.

Design:

This was a single-center cross-sectional study conducted at Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei City, between 1 February 2020 and 31 January 2022.

Methods:

The present study enrolled patients aged ⩾50 years who received advanced bone health examination. Participants with a history of fracture surgery or underlying musculoskeletal diseases were excluded. Bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were used to determine the body composition and T-score, respectively. Discordance was defined as different T-score categories between the lumbar spine and hip. The impact of discordance on an individual’s fracture risk was assessed using the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX).

Results:

This study enrolled 1402 participants (181 men and 1221 women). Of the 912 participants diagnosed with osteoporosis, 47 (5%) and 364 (40%) were categorized as having major and minor discordance, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression revealed that decreased walking speed was significantly correlated with major discordance but not osteoporosis in both the hip and lumbar spine (odds ratio of 0.25, p = 0.04). The adjusted FRAX scores for the major osteoporotic fracture risks of the major and minor discordance groups were approximately 14%, which was significantly lower than that of people having osteoporosis in both the hip and lumbar spine.

Conclusions:

Walking speed exhibited the most significant correlation with major discordance in patients with osteoporosis. Although adjusted major fracture risks were similar between the major and minor discordance groups, further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm this finding.

Registrations:

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Taipei Medical University on 01/04/2022 (TMU-JIRB N202203088).
2022—A Challenging Year in Local TV News
Authors: Papper Bob , Henderson Keren
Published: June 2023

An overview of the 2023 RTDNA/Newhouse School at Syracuse University Survey shows that 2022 was a year of mixed results in local TV news. This summary report includes information about local television newsroom staff size, matters of employee retention, use of MMJs, and both hiring and salary data.