bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Depressive Symptoms in Elderly Chinese Primary Care Patients: Prevalence and Sociodemographic and Clinical Correlates
Authors: Zhong Bao-Liang , Xu Yan-Min , Xie Wu-Xiang , Liu Xiu-Jun , Huang Zhuo-Wei
Published: September 2019

Objective:

To estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms (depression thereafter) and to identify the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of depression in a sample of elderly patients treated in the primary care setting in Wuhan, China.

Background:

Primary care is an opportune setting for the management of late-life depression in China, but there have been no representative studies on the clinical epidemiology of depression in elderly Chinese primary care patients.

Methods:

In total, 752 elderly patients (≥ 65 years) were consecutively recruited from 13 primary care centers in Wuhan, China, and interviewed with a standardized questionnaire. Depression was assessed with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15).

Results:

Of the elderly Chinese primary care patients, 30.6% had depression (GDS-15 ≥ 5). Correlates of depression were an education level of primary school or less (odds ratio [OR]: 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-2.77, P < .001), poor financial status (OR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.16-4.15, P = .016), lack of an exercise habit (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.06-1.74, P = .023), 2 or more chronic medical conditions (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.34-2.69, P < .001), and loneliness (OR: 3.53, 95% CI: 2.46-5.08, P < .001).

Conclusions:

Depression is prevalent among elderly Chinese primary care patients, indicating that elderly patients treated in primary care have a high level of need for mental health services in China. There is an urgent need to integrate mental health services into primary health care.
Prevalence, Sociodemographic, and Clinical Correlates of Older Chinese Patients With Deficit Schizophrenia
Authors: Liu Junjun , He Jinfeng , Cheng Min , Cao Hui , Zhang Xiangrong
Published: September 2019

Objective:

No study has investigated the frequency and risk factors for deficit schizophrenia (DS) in Chinese Han population. We investigated the prevalence of DS among community-dwelling older Chinese patients with schizophrenia and examined the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of DS in this population.

Methods:

A total of 326 community-dwelling older patients with schizophrenia were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Deficit schizophrenia was confirmed using the Chinese version of the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome. Data pertaining to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected. Psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).

Results:

The prevalence of DS in the study population was 26.7% (31.2% among male patients and 21.6% among female patients with schizophrenia). Patients with DS had significantly higher current smoking rate, hospitalizations, PANSS negative score, PANSS total score, and had earlier age at onset than patients with non-deficit schizophrenia (N-DS). The N-DS patients had higher PANSS positive scores and a greater proportion of married patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that negative PANSS score (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04-1.16, P < .001), male sex (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.53-1.91, P = .037), age at onset (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.82-0.94, P = .035), and current smoking (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.15-1.63, P = .041) were independently associated with DS.

Conclusion:

Deficit schizophrenia is relatively common among older community-dwelling Chinese patients with schizophrenia. High negative symptom scores, male sex, early onset, and smoking were independent correlates for DS.
Absence of Political Security in Ethiopian and Its Consequences on State Security
Authors: Chekol Yayew Genet
Published: September 2019

The main purpose of this article is to examine the absence of political security and its consequences on state security of Ethiopia. The study was conducted through case study design and used qualitative research approach, and key informant interview was held. The main finding of the article is that in Ethiopia there is a prevalence of political insecurity which is committed by government officials via security sectors and which has led to the existence of mistrust on security sectors, the expansion of mob justice and the existences of social insecurity in the state.
Commentary on disordered eating symptoms and bariatric/metabolic surgery
Authors: Surgenor Lois J
Published: September 2019

Objective:

This article presents an argument for the rethinking of concerns around bariatric/metabolic surgery in people with disordered eating.

Conclusion:

Practice has usually been cautious but disordered eating and eating disorders should not be a contraindication other than exceptional cases. Further research directions are suggested.
Electric field effect on dynamic analysis of smart porosity-dependent nanocomposite sandwich plate resting on silica aerogel foundation considering carbon nanotubes agglomeration
Authors: Zamani Mohammad Hossein , Heidari-Rarani Mohammad , Ariaei Alireza
Published: September 2019

In this study, the influence of carbon nanotubes agglomeration is investigated on the electroelastic dynamic behavior of a sandwich plate. The smart sandwich plate consists of functionally graded porous layer as the core and piezoelectric layers as the face sheets, which is subjected to the harmonic electrical loading. In order to take into account the continuum model for the silica aerogel foundation of the smart structure, the modified Vlasov’s model is applied. The porosity distribution of the core layer varies non-uniformly throughout the thickness due to the non-uniform function. The equivalent material properties of nanocomposite core layer are determined using the Eshelby–Mori–Tanaka approach, in which the influence of carbon nanotube agglomeration is considered. For modeling the electroelastic fact sheets behavior, the piezoelasticity theory is adopted. On the basis of non-polynomial shear and normal deformation theory, the governing equations of motion are inferred applying the Hamilton’s principle and the obtained equations are solved by an iterative procedure. The verification is accomplished through the available results in the literature and the influences of carbon nanotube agglomeration, different geometrical parameters, porosity index, and applied voltage are assessed on the dynamic deflection of nanocomposite sandwich plate.
Utah Valley University: A Continuing Culture of Transformation
Authors: Andrade Maureen Snow
Published: September 2019

Utah Valley University is a large, regional, open-admission institution with growing enrollments and changing demographics. It has a history of transformation and change, beginning as a trade school in 1941 and evolving to a university in 2008. This article illustrates how the university has engaged in on-going strategic planning to anticipate and effectively manage threats and opportunities. The article begins with background information and statistics about the university and the Woodbury School of Business, explains how the university has leveraged its elective Carnegie classification as a community engaged institution, and shares examples of transformations in teaching and learning to enable student success. It then illustrates how the university’s Woodbury School of Business has paralleled the directions of the university to build capacity among its faculty for engaged learning and pedagogical innovations. The article ends with a summary of key outcomes and thoughts on the sustainability of transformation.
Impact of BMI on Complications and Satisfaction in Patients With Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Lateral Neck Metastasis
Authors: Jin Qiu-feng , Fang Qi-gen , Qi Jin-xing , Li Peng
Published: September 2019

Background:

This study investigates the effect of body mass index (BMI) on complications and satisfaction in patients who underwent thyroidectomy and lateral neck dissection.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed 386 patients with papillary thyroid cancer who underwent total thyroidectomy and lateral neck dissection between January 2013 and December 2016. We compared variables including population characteristics, subjective satisfaction, and complications in nonobese (BMI < 28.0 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2) patients.

Results:

Obesity was associated with an increased risk of postoperative hemorrhage (POH) ( P = .014), accessory nerve injury ( P < .001), operative time ( P < .001) and infection ( P = .013). However, obese patients had higher subjective satisfaction and Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores ( P < .05).

Conclusions:

Obesity was associated with increased risk of POH, injury of the SAN, and infection. Interestingly, we found that obese patients had higher subjective satisfaction and VSS scores.
Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm With Papillary-Like Nuclear Features in Children: An Institutional Experience and Literature Review
Authors: Wang Huiying , Correa Hernan , Sanders Melinda , Neblett Wallace W , Liang Jiancong
Published: September 2019

Background

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in children has a distinctive set of clinicopathologic features and molecular signature compared to their adult counterparts. The recent recommendation to reclassify encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (EFVPTC) without invasion as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) is based on evidence derived almost exclusively from studies in adults. Clinicopathologic studies restricted to pediatric NIFTP are limited.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed all pediatric PTC and NIFTP diagnosed and treated in our institution from 1999 to 2016 (n = 31).

Results

Using recently published consensus diagnostic criteria, we identified 3 NIFTP and 2 infiltrative follicular variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) among 31 cases. Two of the NIFTP cases were initially diagnosed as EFVPTC. All 3 patients with NIFTP had unifocal tumors of lower American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) classification (T2 or lower) and were free of lymph node or distant metastasis. Total (n = 1) or completion (n = 2) thyroidectomy was performed in all cases, and only 1 NIFTP patient received subsequent radioablative therapy. No residual or recurrent disease has been observed during follow-up (15–138 months) in patients with NIFTP.

Conclusions

Our experience with NIFTP in children is similar to outcomes reported in adult studies, suggesting that pediatric NIFTP behave indolently as evidenced by the absence of local recurrence in our cohort.
The effects of working memory and declarative memory on instructed second language vocabulary learning: Insights from intelligent CALL
Authors: Ruiz Simón , Rebuschat Patrick , Meurers Detmar
Published: September 2019

The extent to which learners benefit from instruction may be largely dependent on their individual abilities. However, there is relatively little work on the interaction between instructional effectiveness in second language learning and learner individual factors. In this study, we investigated the relationship between instruction, individual differences in cognitive abilities (working memory and declarative memory), and second language vocabulary acquisition in the context of web-based intelligent computer assisted language learning (ICALL). To this end, 127 adult learners of English, predominantly advanced-level, German-speaking learners, read news texts on the web for about two weeks using an ICALL system under two instructional conditions: form-focused and meaning-focused instruction. Learners in the form-focused condition read and completed automatically-generated multiple-choice gaps where phrasal verbs appeared in the text, while learners in the meaning-focused condition simply read and did not complete any gaps. Mixed-effects regression analyses showed that working memory was associated with vocabulary acquisition and that this association depended on the instructional context, with working memory being predictive of learning only in the form-focused condition, suggesting an aptitude-treatment interaction. Furthermore, declarative memory abilities were related to learning only as measured by the Continuous Visual Memory Task, and the relationship was not moderated by instructional condition. Overall, the study contributes to accounting for variability in second language learning in general, as well as in instructional contexts supported by intelligent CALL.
Inequality in talk and group size effects: An analysis of measures
Authors: Rose Mary R. , Diamond Shari Seidman , Powers Daniel A.
Published: September 2019

The earliest studies of talk in small groups indicated that larger groups experience more inequality in participation than smaller groups. However, there has been insufficient attention to how to properly measure inequality when group size varies. We describe properties of a common inequality metric, the Gini coefficient, and consider it in light of early efforts that modeled talk in small groups using harmonic and exponential distributions. We use these classic distributions to develop novel inequality measures and also consider a measure developed specifically to examine inequality across small systems of different sizes (the CON). We apply all measures of inequality to data from four highly realistic jury deliberation datasets, including one involving real juries, examining both word counts and turns. All indicators correlate very highly with one another, but both the Gini and a Gini adjusted for group size privilege smaller groups over larger ones, producing significant positive correlations with group size. The model-based values and the CON offer a different ordering of datasets compared to the Gini and do not show the same correlations with group size. Results offer several reasons to recommend the CON measure as a promising way of comparing inequality across small groups of different sizes.
A novel rapid screening method for health monitoring of building structures from earthquake records
Authors: Lin Ging-Long , Wang Jer-Fu , Lin Chi-Chang , Lin Jim
Published: September 2019

This study presents a rapid screening method for health monitoring of building structures based on earthquake records. Compared with conventional damage detection techniques, the rapid screening system with few sensors is more attractive and cost-effective in assessing the global behaviors of a building structure. Only two tri-axial accelerometers are required for a building. One is mounted at the ground level, and another one is mounted at the top floor. First, the relative displacement of top floor to ground is calculated by on-line integration. Then, the diagram of absolute acceleration versus relative displacement of top floor is used to determine the pseudo stiffness of the whole building by linear regression. The decrease of pseudo stiffness denotes the occurrence and degree of damage in the building. A novel real-time damage technique is also proposed to detect nonlinear behavior of a building. A five-story shear-type building under earthquake excitations was illustrated for sensitivity analysis of pseudo stiffness considering different damage cases. Shaking-table-test data of a three-story benchmark building were used to verify the accuracy of the proposed damage assessment technique. In addition, the proposed method was also applied to evaluate a new eight-story residential building equipped with accelerometers in Taipei, Taiwan. Finally, the acceleration response records of a real building, which experienced moderate damages caused by the main shock of 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake ( ML = 7.3), were considered to examine the applicability of the proposed method to generate a real-time damage indicator for a building with nonlinear behavior. All of the results show that the proposed method is reliable and effective for rapid diagnosis of building health.
Breast cancer-related lymphedema and quality of life: A qualitative analysis over years of survivorship
Authors: Anbari Allison B , Wanchai Ausanee , Armer Jane M
Published: September 2019

Objectives

The study purpose was to examine perspectives of women with newly diagnosed breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) regarding their quality of life over seven years.

Method

Data were collected over seven years using the Lymphedema and Breast Cancer Questionnaire (LBCQ). Participants with BCRL answered open-ended questions corresponding to changes in mood and lifestyle from post-op through annual interviews and surveys. Self-reported data from 97 participants with BCRL were analyzed using in vivo coding and template-style content analysis to elicit the impact of BCRL on quality of life domains.

Results

Data saturation was achieved as participants neared 30 to 36 months post- breast cancer diagnosis. Three major themes were identified related to BCRL’s impact on: physical function; daily living and social function; and psychological function.

Discussion

Findings suggest that BCRL impacts quality of life not only soon after diagnosis, but also throughout survivorship years. Healthcare providers should develop programs to enhance quality of life for survivors with BCRL.
Comparison of MRI IVIM and MR perfusion imaging in acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion
Authors: Zhu Guangming , Federau Christian , Wintermark Max , Chen Hui , Marcellus David G , Martin Blake W , Heit Jeremy J
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Intravoxel incoherent motion is a diffusion-weighted imaging magnetic resonance imaging technique that measures microvascular perfusion from a multi-b value sequence. Intravoxel incoherent motion microvascular perfusion has not been directly compared to conventional dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion-weighted imaging in the context of acute ischemic stroke. We determined the degree of correlation between perfusion-weighted imaging and intravoxel incoherent motion parameter maps in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study of acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing thrombectomy treatment triage by magnetic resonance imaging. Intravoxel incoherent motion perfusion fraction maps were derived using two-step voxel-by-voxel post-processing. Ischemic core, penumbra, non-ischemia, and contralateral hemisphere were delineated based upon diffusion-weighted imaging and perfusion-weighted imaging using a Tmax >6 s threshold. Signal intensity within different brain compartments were measured on intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM f, IVIM D*, IVIM fD*) parametric maps and compared the differences using one-way ANOVA. Ischemic volumes were measured on perfusion-weighted imaging and intravoxel incoherent motion parametric maps. Bland–Altman analysis and voxel-based volumetric comparison were used to determine the agreements among ischemic volumes of perfusion-weighted imaging and intravoxel incoherent motion perfusion parameters. Inter-rater reliability on intravoxel incoherent motion maps was also assessed. Significance level was set at α < 0.05.

Results

Twenty patients (11 males, 55%; mean age 67.1 ± 13.8 years) were included. Vessel occlusions involved the internal carotid artery (6 patients, 30%) and M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (14, 70%). Mean pre-treatment core infarct volume was 19.07 ± 23.56 ml. Mean pre-treatment ischemic volumes on perfusion-weighted imaging were 10.90 ± 13.33 ml (CBV), 24.83 ± 23.08 ml (CBF), 58.87 ± 37.85 ml (MTT), and 47.53 ± 26.78 ml (Tmax). Mean pre-treatment ischemic volumes on corresponding IVIM parameters were 23.20 ± 25.63 ml (IVIM f), 14.01 ± 16.81 ml (IVIM D*), and 27.41 ± 40.01 ml (IVIM fD*). IVIM f, D, and fD* demonstrated significant differences ( P < 0.001). The best agreement in term of ischemic volumes and voxel-based overlap was between IVIM fD* and CBF with mean volume difference of 0.5 ml and mean dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.630 ± 0.136.

Conclusion

There are moderate differences in brain perfusion assessment between intravoxel incoherent motion and perfusion-weighted imaging parametric maps, and IVIM fD* and perfusion-weighted imaging CBF show excellent agreement. Intravoxel incoherent motion is promising for cerebral perfusion assessment in acute ischemic stroke patients.
Trayectorias de atención en Mayas de México que padecen diabetes tipo 2
Authors: Juárez-Ramírez Clara , Théodore Florence L. , Villalobos Aremis L. , Sauceda Alma L. , Treviño Sandra , Allen-Leigh Betania
Published: September 2019

Objetivo:

mostrar cómo pacientes de pueblos originarios (Mayas) que padecen diabetes tipo 2 manejan recursos de los diferentes modelos de atención para atender su enfermedad.

Material y métodos:

el diseño del estudio fue de métodos mixtos de tipo secuencial; incluyó un cuestionario ( n=195), entrevistas cualitativas cortas ( n=103) y 20 entrevistas a profundidad entre población originaria Maya diagnosticada con diabetes tipo 2, usuarios de servicios de atención pública para la salud en tres estados de México: Chiapas, Yucatán y Quintana Roo.

Resultados:

las trayectorias de atención se orientaron de acuerdo con las creencias sobre el origen de la enfermedad. La ruta seguida puede iniciar en los servicios públicos de salud, la medicina privada, tradicional o alternativa, o en el ámbito de las creencias religiosas; pero en algún punto se transita por todos estos recursos. La utilización de los recursos institucionales de la atención pública en salud depende de la apreciación de los pacientes sobre la eficacia del sistema de salud y las causas de la enfermedad, frecuentemente emocionales: sustos, enojos y/o preocupaciones.

Conclusiones:

las y los participantes buscaron activamente atender su salud por varios medios; esto implica que en la trayectoria de atención se mezclan modelos, recursos y medicamentos, en parte debido a las condiciones de pobreza. La evidencia puede ser usada para ajustar los programas de educación para la salud, siguiendo la propuesta de la promoción de la salud sobre impulsar que las personas tengan mayor control de su propia salud.
Climate Drives Environmental Efficiency Across Chinese Provinces
Authors: Zhang Bin , Ye Shijing , Wang Wei , Huang Feihua , He Yan
Published: September 2019

Balancing economic growth and environmental pollution is essential for the sustainable development of Mainland China. To address this issue, this study applied an improved data envelopment analysis model to evaluate the environmental efficiency of 29 provinces in Mainland China from 2006 to 2016. The study divided the 29 provinces into two groups: the subtropical and tropical zones and the temperate zone. The study then compared the differences in environmental efficiency between the two groups. The results indicate that the overall environmental efficiency of the provinces in Mainland China increased significantly from 2006 to 2016; however, there remained significant potential for improvement. In particular, the environmental efficiency is significantly lower in the temperate zone compared with the subtropical and tropical zones. As Mainland China’s population is increasingly moving to coastal areas in the subtropical and tropical zones, each province should adopt targeted policy measures to improve its environmental efficiency based on its industrial and population conditions.
Colour Order
Authors: Koenderink Jan , van Doorn Andrea , Gegenfurtner Karl
Published: September 2019

Scrambled hue circles with a resolution ranging from 6 steps to 60 steps were presented on a varicoloured background. The hue steps were presented as mutually non-contiguous “chips,” small circular disks, placed uniformly on a large circle. The task was to sort the chips with respect to their hue. Participants generally manage to sort a 24-step hue circle faultlessly but commit many ordering reversals (also of several steps, up to five) on sorting a 60-step hue circle. The pattern of local reversals of chips depends on the hue region. The findings are relevant for the design of user interfaces for various types of applications, such as colour pickers or graphical design, that rely on rgb screen colours as the available palette.
Indigena: Teaching case of IT Impact Sourcing
Authors: Babin Ron , Nicholson Brian , Young Megan
Published: September 2019

This teaching case introduces the concept of Impact Sourcing, in the context of global IT outsourcing. While IT outsourcing is a well-established management technique, with a history of at least 30 years, Impact Sourcing is a relatively new concept, conceptualized by the Rockefeller Foundation in 2011 and recently defined by the Global Impact Sourcing Coalition. To summarize this case, a First Nations band collaborated with a successful global outsourcing firm, Accenture, to establish Indigena, a Canadian-based impact-sourcing enterprise. Indigena found it difficult to attract, hire and retain qualified Aboriginal employees. The suburban office location in the high-cost Vancouver market may have been a key challenge in building a robust Aboriginal workforce. However, the challenge of winning outsourcing contracts in a competitive market may have been hindered by the Aboriginal workforce, despite the outward positive response of clients to the Impact Sourcing model. Indigena was not able to meet its social goals and at the same time it struggled to attract and retain clients. It was unable to demonstrate profitable business success, resulting in a strategic challenge from its investors.
Health-Care Reform in Saudi Arabia: Patient Experience at Primary Health-Care Centers
Authors: Senitan Mohammed , Gillespie James
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between patients’ demographics, the quality of physician–patient communication, care coordination, and the overall satisfaction rating in primary health-care centers (PHCs). A cross-sectional study was conducted using a patient experience tool. A convenience sample of 157 patients visiting PHCs were retrieved from 10 out of the 13 Saudi regions. A total of 81% of the overall ratings could be attributed to the predictors included in the model. The highest predictor of the overall rating in this model was physicians answering of patient questions, followed by time spent with the physician, type of PHC, and the abilities of the physician to listen carefully, explain things clearly, and show respect. The weakest predictors were follow-up by the health-care provider and physician’s knowledge of the patient’s medical history. Our findings suggest that to improve the overall patient experience and the quality of care at PHCs requires extra attention to physician–patient communication. To improve quality, safety, and efficiency, the Ministry of Health should ensure interpretation service for patients at PHCs either public or private. The Saudi Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions should enhance the physician–patient communication as part of their standards for accrediting PHCs.
Elbow Arthrodesis—A Review
Authors: Kamineni Srinath , Eads Matthew E , Desai Rasesh
Published: September 2019

Elbow arthrodesis is an uncommonly performed operation, but it has a specific and niche place in the management of difficult elbow pathology. Many indications and contraindications have been reported, but one of the more challenging aspects of this procedure remains choosing the appropriate angle of fusion. Varying results have been reported along with speculations as to why the fusion may not have been obtained, such as lack of bony structure in the site. Common complications have also been reported most notably fractures distal to the plate. One area of future research is that of the reversibility of this procedure; going from a total elbow arthroplasty to an elbow arthrodesis has been studied well but not so for converting an arthrodesis to an arthroplasty. Elbow arthrodesis remains a valuable but niche solution for complex elbow pathologies that cannot be addressed with other commoner elbow operations.
Nitric oxide loading reduces sickle red cell adhesion and vaso-occlusion in vivo
Authors: McMahon Timothy J. , Shan Siqing , Riccio Daniel A. , Batchvarova Milena , Zhu Hongmei , Telen Marilyn J. , Zennadi Rahima
Published: September 2019

Sickle red blood cells (SSRBCs) are adherent to the endothelium, activate leukocyte adhesion, and are deficient in bioactive nitric oxide (NO) adducts such as S-nitrosothiols (SNOs), with reduced ability to induce vasodilation in response to hypoxia. All these pathophysiologic characteristics promote vascular occlusion, the hallmark of sickle cell disease (SCD). Loading hypoxic SSRBCs in vitro with NO followed by reoxygenation significantly decreased epinephrine-activated SSRBC adhesion to the endothelium, the ability of activated SSRBCs to mediate leukocyte adhesion in vitro, and vessel obstruction in vivo. Because transfusion is frequently used in SCD, we also determined the effects of banked (SNO-depleted) red blood cells (RBCs) on vaso-occlusion in vivo. Fresh or 14-day-old normal RBCs (AARBCs) reduced epinephrine-activated SSRBC adhesion to the vascular endothelium and prevented vaso-occlusion. In contrast, AARBCs stored for 30 days failed to decrease activated SSRBC adhesivity or vaso-occlusion, unless these RBCs were loaded with NO. Furthermore, NO loading of SSRBCs increased S-nitrosohemoglobin and modulated epinephrine’s effect by upregulating phosphorylation of membrane proteins, including pyruvate kinase, E3 ubiquitin ligase, and the cytoskeletal protein 4.1. Thus, abnormal SSRBC NO/SNO content both contributes to the vaso-occlusive pathophysiology of SCD, potentially by affecting at least protein phosphorylation, and is potentially amenable to correction by (S)NO repletion or by RBC transfusion.
The therapy of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: what is next?
Authors: Somogyi Vivien , Chaudhuri Nazia , Torrisi Sebastiano Emanuele , Kahn Nicolas , Müller Veronika , Kreuter Michael
Published: September 2019

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease, characterised by progressive scarring of the lung and associated with a high burden of disease and early death. The pathophysiological understanding, clinical diagnostics and therapy of IPF have significantly evolved in recent years. While the recent introduction of the two antifibrotic drugs pirfenidone and nintedanib led to a significant reduction in lung function decline, there is still no cure for IPF; thus, new therapeutic approaches are needed. Currently, several clinical phase I–III trials are focusing on novel therapeutic targets. Furthermore, new approaches in nonpharmacological treatments in palliative care, pulmonary rehabilitation, lung transplantation, management of comorbidities and acute exacerbations aim to improve symptom control and quality of life. Here we summarise new therapeutic attempts and potential future approaches to treat this devastating disease.
Post-diagnostic allied health interventions for people with dementia in Australia: a spotlight on current practice
Authors: Cations Monica , Radisic Gorjana , de la Perrelle Lenore , Laver Kate E. ,   The Agents of Change Collaborative Group, Shepherd Karen , Methorst Fiona , Baldwin Emma , Maher-Norris Danelle , Gibson Joyce , Marsh Ebony , Brown Wendy , Palagyi Jaimee , Arndt Pamela Maryse , Vladcoff Kerri-Anne , Sabja Mariana Perez , Caruana Emily , Tung Jean , Doljanin Jessica , Anderson Jennifer , Brittain Jennifer , Comerford Lucy , Wharley Allison , McKenzie Erin , Wong Su-Min , Seeliger Megan , Delgado Vilma , Kaizik Cassandra , Kuo Katherine , Millen Anne
Published: September 2019

Objective

The Clinical Practice Guidelines for Dementia in Australia provide evidence-based recommendations for the assessment, diagnosis, and care of people with dementia and their informal carers. The extent to which current Australian post-diagnosis care reflects these recommendations is not well understood. This brief report provides a snapshot of current practice related to three key recommendations from the Guidelines: occupational therapy, exercise, and informal carer support.

Results

Nursing (n = 3) and allied health clinicians (n = 29) provided data about 1114 consultations with people with dementia and/or informal carers over a 9-month study period. Results showed that delivery of evidence-based dementia care remains a significant challenge in Australia. Clinicians found it difficult to tailor exercise interventions to overcome cognitive and organisational barriers to adherence during and between consultations. Occupational therapists primarily focussed on functional assessment rather than on delivering evidence-based interventions. Clinicians also found it difficult to identify and address the array of needs reported by informal carers, especially when the person with dementia is present during the consultation. Though these results are reported by a selected sample, they emphasise the need for innovative knowledge translation strategies to facilitate widespread quality improvement in post-diagnosis dementia care.

Trial registration Registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry 21 February 2018 (ACTRN12618000268246)
Convert one outfit to more looks: factors influencing young female college consumers’ intention to purchase transformable apparel
Authors: Lang Chunmin , Wei Bingyue
Published: September 2019

Transformable apparel offers two or more functional and/or alternative aesthetic styles through various manipulative methods, which is considered a sustainable alternative in the fashion industry to reduce excess clothing consumption. The study intends to identify the influences of environmental apparel knowledge, environmental beliefs, and personal values on consumers’ intention to purchase transformable apparel products. The theory of reasoned action (TRA) was applied as the foundation for the conceptual framework, which considered attitude and social factors to be crucial factors influencing the intention. Data were collected from 306 female college students in the United States through an online survey. Proposed hypotheses were tested by structural equation modeling (SEM). The results confirmed the positive influences of the tendency for creative choice, environmental beliefs, environmental apparel knowledge, and attitude on female college students’ intention to purchase transformable apparel products. Furthermore, practical and theoretical implications based on the results were discussed as well.
Noise suppression in 2D and 3D seismic data with data-driven sifting algorithms
Authors: Gómez Julián L. , Velis Danilo R. , Sabbione Juan I.
Published: September 2019

We have developed an empirical-mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm for effective suppression of random and coherent noise in 2D and 3D seismic amplitude data. Unlike other EMD-based methods for seismic data processing, our approach does not involve the time direction in the computation of the signal envelopes needed for the iterative sifting process. Instead, we apply the sifting algorithm spatially in the inline-crossline plane. At each time slice, we calculate the upper and lower signal envelopes by means of a filter whose length is adapted dynamically at each sifting iteration according to the spatial distribution of the extrema. The denoising of a 3D volume is achieved by removing the most oscillating modes of each time slice from the noisy data. We determine the performance of the algorithm by using three public-domain poststack field data sets: one 2D line of the well-known Alaska 2D data set, available from the US Geological Survey; a subset of the Penobscot 3D volume acquired offshore by the Nova Scotia Department of Energy, Canada; and a subset of the Stratton 3D land data from South Texas, available from the Bureau of Economic Geology at the University of Texas at Austin. The results indicate that random and coherent noise, such as footprint signatures, can be mitigated satisfactorily, enhancing the reflectors with negligible signal leakage in most cases. Our method, called empirical-mode filtering (EMF), yields improved results compared to other 2D and 3D techniques, such as [Formula: see text] EMD filter, [Formula: see text] deconvolution, and [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] adaptive prediction filtering. EMF exploits the flexibility of EMD on seismic data and is presented as an efficient and easy-to-apply alternative for denoising seismic data with mild to moderate structural complexity.
President's Page
Authors: Stewart Robert R.
Published: September 2019

Most people love a little traveling, but this year we celebrate the anniversaries of some of the greatest voyages of exploration. It was 50 years ago on 20 July 1969 that mankind, in the person of Neil Armstrong, first walked on another celestial body, the Moon, with the Apollo 11 mission — certainly a pinnacle step in human accomplishment. We anticipate that a woman, hopefully a geoscientist (such as Harrison Schmitt, the second-to-last man on the Moon), soon will accomplish a similar feat. Perhaps, less well remembered is 500 years ago on 20 September 1519 when Ferdinand Magellan began in Spain what finished as the first circumnavigation of Earth, further mapping the New World ( Figure 1 ), providing another link between East and West, and capturing the vast oceans under his sail.
Foundation News
Authors: Rodriguez Ashley
Published: September 2019

Why pursue a career in geophysics? According to aspiring geophysics students: because it's fascinating. It's a career that can take you around the world on an adventure with countless opportunities and life-changing impact. Students studying geophysics dream big — whether it's in pursuit of oil and gas, seismic interpretation, environmental hazards, groundwater assessment, infrastructure revitalization, or even space exploration. With recent advances in technology, geophysicists literally have the world at their fingertips, and the ride only gets more exciting.
Leveraging deblending of overlapping shots for multisource towed streamer acquisition
Authors: Fontana Philip , Hager Edward
Published: September 2019

The availability of reliable simultaneous source deblending routines in seismic data processing allows 3D survey designers to consider the use of more than the traditional two sources used in marine towed streamer 3D surveys. Crossline sampling with sources rather than streamers provides opportunities to produce denser sampling for the same vessel sail-line effort, or the same sampling with fewer streamers, and/or the same sampling with wider streamer separations resulting in a considerable uplift in vessel efficiencies and reductions in cost, operational risks, and crew safety exposure.
The shape of things to come — Development and testing of a new marine vibrator source
Authors: Teyssandier Benoît , Sallas John J.
Published: September 2019

Ten years ago, CGG launched a project to develop a new concept of marine vibrator (MV) technology. We present our work, concluding with the successful acquisition of a seismic image using an ocean-bottom-node 2D survey. The expectation for MV technology is that it could reduce ocean exposure to seismic source sound, enable new acquisition solutions, and improve seismic data quality. After consideration of our objectives in terms of imaging, productivity, acoustic efficiency, and operational risk, we developed two spectrally complementary prototypes to cover the seismic bandwidth. In practice, an array composed of several MV units is needed for images of comparable quality to those produced from air-gun data sets. Because coupling to the water is invariant, MV signals tend to be repeatable. Since far-field pressure is directly proportional to piston volumetric acceleration, the far-field radiation can be well controlled through accurate piston motion control. These features allow us to shape signals to match precisely a desired spectrum while observing equipment constraints. Over the last few years, an intensive validation process was conducted at our dedicated test facility. The MV units were exposed to 2000 hours of in-sea testing with only minor technical issues.
Diversifying geoscience: Earth Science Week 2019
Authors: Camphire Geoff
Published: September 2019

No one should be excluded from the geosciences. The more people who are included in exploration geophysics and related fields, the richer the profession becomes. That is just one of the reasons Earth Science Week 2019, 13–19 October, is focusing on the theme “Geoscience is for everyone.”
Altitude Training and Recombinant Human Erythropoietin: Considerations for Doping Detection
Authors: Sutehall Shaun , Muniz-Pardos Borja , Lima Giscard , Wang Guan , Malinsky Fernanda Rossell , Bosch Andrew , Zelenkova Irina , Tanisawa Kumpei , Pigozzi Fabio , Borrione Paolo , Pitsiladis Yannis
Published: September 2019

The benefit of training at altitude to enhance exercise performance remains equivocal although the most widely accepted approach is one where the athletes live and perform lower-intensity running at approximately 2300 m with high-intensity training at approximately 1250 m. The idea is that this method maintains maximal augmentations in total hemoglobin mass while reducing the performance impairment of high-intensity sessions performed at moderate altitude and thus preventing any detraining that can occur when athletes live and train at moderate altitude. This training regimen, however, is not universally accepted and some argue that the performance enhancement is due to placebo and training camp effects. Altitude training may affect an athlete’s hematological parameters in ways similar to those observed following blood doping. Current methods of detection appear insufficient to differentiate between altitude training and blood doping making the interpretation of an athlete’s biological passport difficult. Further research is required to determine the optimal method for altitude training and to enhance current detection methods to be able to differentiate better blood doping and altitude exposure.
Strategies to Counter Weight Loss-Induced Reductions in Metabolic Rate
Authors: Palmer Biff F. , Clegg Deborah J.
Published: September 2019

A significant percentage of the population is classified as obese, and there is a growing need to develop novel therapy to reduce body weight. It has long been appreciated that caloric restriction and exercise are the cornerstones of any weight loss method. This review outlines the challenges faced when attempting to achieve weight loss and the metabolic adaptations that ensue upon reductions in body weight which make sustaining weight loss extremely difficult. We discuss the need for novel approaches to weight loss that would increase basal metabolic rate and counter the biological adaptations that provide barriers for maintaining weight reduction. We introduce two metabolic processes, hypobaric hypoxia and cold exposure, which, when activated, cause increased metabolic rate even in the presence of reduced caloric intake. While we do not suggest that these are long-term viable options for methods to achieve weight loss, we are introducing these as pathways that may be targeted to eventually develop novel therapies to achieve sustainable weight loss.
Physicochemistry in medicine: some selected examples
Authors: Bazin Dominique , Daudon Michel
Published: September 2019

Research on pathological calcifications constitutes an exciting topic at the interface between physics, chemistry
and medicine. The relationship between their physicochemical characteristics and the pathology responsible for their
formation offers a unique opportunity to perform a significant medical diagnosis, to assess the interaction between drugs
and these biological entities as well as to develop new drugs. Regarding synchrotron radiation, the emergence of
microbeam allows the clinician to perform an early diagnosis. Indeed, we will start this review with a clinical case where
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation as a probe allowed the clinician to save the kidney
function of a patient. Following this example, we will see that investigations on pathological calcifications constitute an
elegant way to gather major information on different public health problems such type 2 diabetes as well as on rare
diseases. To attain this goal, this mini-review dedicated to structural and chemical investigations and based on selected
and recent data collected through techniques using third generation synchrotron radiation as a probe is proposed to the
reader.
Eficiência da alocação de recursos públicos nas unidades da federação nos governos Lula e Dilma
Authors: Silva Clayton Robson Moreira da , Alves Roberta Michele Ponte , De Luca Márcia Martins Mendes , Vasconcelos Alessandra Carvalho de
Published: September 2019

A eficiência nos gastos constitui um dos principais desafios da gestão pública. Neste artigo, analisa-se a eficiência na alocação de recursos públicos nas 27 Unidades da Federação (UF) durante os governos Lula e Dilma. Para tanto, utilizou-se a Análise Envoltória de Dados (Data Envelopment Analysis – DEA), no modelo Retornos Constantes à Escala, proposto por Charnes, Cooper e Rhodes (1978) e conhecido como modelo CCR, e no modelo Retornos Variáveis à Escala, proposto por Banker, Charnes e Cooper (1984) e nomeado BCC, com orientação de output, para o cálculo de eficiência das 27 UFs. Como entrada para os dois modelos, foram utilizados os gastos com saúde e educação de cada UF, assim como a renda média familiar. Como saída, utilizou-se a média do Índice FIRJAN de Desenvolvimento Municipal (IFDM) dos municípios de cada UF. Foram feitas correlações entre a eficiência de cada UF obtida pela DEA e o respectivo Produto Interno Bruto (PIB). Com base no CCR, em que a eficiência é calculada considerando-se o axioma da proporcionalidade entre inputs e outputs, houve maior número de UFs eficientes no governo Dilma. Em relação ao BCC, o qual admite que a eficiência máxima varie em função da economia de escala, os resultados são semelhantes entre os dois governos, apresentando o governo Lula maior número de UFs eficientes. Há correlação entre os modelos CCR e BCC, assim como entre o modelo CCR e o PIB, mas não há correlação entre o modelo BCC e o PIB.
Terceirizar ou primarizar? Caso de ensino sobre a operacionalização de serviços de departamento de pessoal numa empresa do setor de petróleo e gás
Authors: De Oliveira Victor Marques , Veiga Carlos Figueiredo , Kurtz Renata Georgia Motta , Tractenberg Leonel , Gouveia Tania Maria de Oliveira Almeida
Published: September 2019

Este caso de ensino enfoca o processo decisório sobre a terceirização das atividades de departamento pessoal de uma empresa fornecedora de equipamentos e prestadora de serviços para a indústria de petróleo e gás. Tem como objetivo fomentar a discussão sobre os riscos e benefícios relacionados a essa tomada de decisão, bem como sobre os fatores a serem considerados pela Presidente da empresa ao optar por determinada configuração operacional para essa atividade, que inclui a elaboração da folha de pagamento de seus empregados.
Diferencial competitivo
Authors: Romani-Dias Marcello , Carneiro Jorge
Published: September 2019

Em um mercado de trabalho cada vez mais concorrido, a internacionalização de executivos-alunos de MBA traz vantagens em conhecimentos, oportunidades profissionais e networking.
Estratégia de alcance global
Authors: Xiongwen Lu
Published: September 2019

Parcerias com escolas de negócios proeminentes no mundo permitiram à chinesa Fudan University conquistar um nível de qualidade reconhecido internacionalmente.
Trilhas que se abrem
Authors: Ferreira Renato Guimarães , Zambaldi Felipe , Galilea Gisele Walczak
Published: September 2019

Acreditações internacionais, intercâmbio de alunos e professores, fluxo global de ideias: a internacionalização das instituições de ensino superior abre caminho para o reconhecimentomundial e para a promoção de qualidade e inovação.
(In)Decisões financeiras para a aposentadoria
Authors: Yoshinaga Claudia Emiko
Published: September 2019

As finanças comportamentais mostram como vieses fazem com que as pessoas não poupem adequadamente para quando deixarem de trabalhar – e indicam caminhos para resolver esse problema.