bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A COMBINATION OF CHEEK FLAP, CARTILAGE INSERTION, AND FAT TRANSFER ON POST-TRAUMA LOWER EYELID ECTROPION RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Elfiah Ulfa , Aprinova Dicky Primadika
Published: December 2024

Highlights:

This study introduces an innovative approach for post-traumatic ectropion reconstruction in children by combining Mustarde rotational cheek flap, cartilage insertion, and fat transfer.
This method effectively addresses the challenges of cicatricial ectropion caused by injuries or burns, leading to improved, durable, and cost-effective outcomes in restoring eyelid function and volume.

Abstract:
Introduction:Ectropion correction surgery is a procedure designed to restore the anterior lamella to its anatomical position. This study aims to propose a combination of cheek flap and fat transfer as a method for post-traumatic ectropion reconstruction surgery.
Case Illustration:A 10-year-old girl presented with ectropion caused by scar formation and volume loss in the infraorbital region following a traumatic incident seven years prior. The procedures performed in this case included a Mustarde rotational cheek flap to reconstruct the scar tissue in the infraorbital region that led to the ectropion, pure ear cartilage insertion to repair the damaged tarsal plate or tarsus, and fat transfer to address the volume loss in the infraorbital area. The donor fat was harvested from the inguinal region
Discussion: The rationale for using the Mustarde rotational cheek flap, cartilage insertion, and fat transfer was based on the wide donor area, particularly in cases where the vertical dimension exceeds the horizontal dimension. This approach is believed to yield better outcomes compared to other methods, such as skin grafts. In this case, fat transfer was employed to restore the volume lost beneath the scar tissue following trauma. This combination technique is thought to be more durable and to provide superior results compared to alternative methods, while also being economically advantageous.
Conclusion: The combination of the Mustarde rotational cheek flap, cartilage insertion, and fat transfer is believed to improve the outcomes of the reconstruction procedure following scar tissue release and correction of volume loss beneath the scar.
Prospects for Using Marketing Technologies in Phygitalization of Library Services. Part 1
Authors: Kapterev A. I.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to justify the importance and prospects of using various marketing technologies in phygitalization of library services, which we understand as a synthesis of user interaction experience in the physical and digital spaces of the library. The following areas of digital marketing in the library user service are considered: a) search engine optimization (SEO); b) engagement marketing; c) advertising in social networks.We will examine other areas of digital marketing in libraries in the next article. The research uses the following methods: content analysis, conceptual modeling, comparative analysis, problematization. Use of digital marketing will allow library administrators to implement more effectively digital transformation plans at the national or regional levels. We suppose that at the present stage of the digital society formation, each library must bring its services, policies and procedures in line with the requirements of the time, or rather, the digital transformation of libraries and its component such as phygitalization of library user services.
Development of Libraries of Scientific Institutions and Universities, Branch and Multidisciplinary Libraries in Siberia: Experience and Strategic Initiatives
Authors: Lizunova I. V. , Artemyeva E. B.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is, basing on the results of studying the experience of interaction between scientific libraries of Siberia and the Far East in the 20th – first decades of the 21st century, to determine trends in the development of libraries, goals and objectives of the State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch (SPSTL SB RAS) when working out the project for the development of multidisciplinary scientific libraries, libraries of scientific institutions and universities in the region in 2025–2030 in accordance with the priority directions of the State scientific, technological, socio-cultural policy of the Russian Federation.

A brief history and dynamics of the formation of the network of libraries of scientific institutions and universities, branch and multidisciplinary libraries in Siberia and the Far East are presented – an important part of the information support of specialists in scientific, educational and industrial complexes. The role of the State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch (SB) of the Academy of Sciences (AS) of the USSR – SB of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAN) – the leading multidisciplinary scientific and technological library, an information and methodological center for academic libraries; which was in the 1960s–1990s the coordination center of libraries of scientific institutions, largest universities, industry and central scientific libraries of provinces, territories and republics of the region is examined. In connection with the adoption of a number of legislative acts in 2013–2024 and the transformation of scientific libraries activities, the need to work out and implement the project for the development of multidisciplinary scientific libraries, libraries of scientific institutions and universities in Siberia and the Far East is substantiated.
Breeding biology of the Northern Fantail, including brood parasitism by the Brush Cuckoo
Authors:   Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin NT 0909, Australia, Noske Richard ,   Current address: Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia Email: rnoske@tpg.com.au
Published: December 2024

Very little is known about the breeding biology of the Northern Fantail Rhipidura isura, despite it being an abundant
species of forests and woodlands in tropical Australia and New Guinea. I collated breeding records of the species from personal observations and those of other birdwatchers in the Northern Territory (NT), the Western Australian Museum in Western Australia (WA), BirdLife Australia’s Nest Record Scheme and Atlas Scheme, and the literature. In the NT, eggs were laid from May to January, with a peak in October, and in WA from June to February, with a peak in December. Nests were built in a wide range of tree species and at heights above the ground ranging from 0.9 to 10 m, with a mean height of 3.3 m in both the NT and WA. At least five (42%) of 12 nests built in the mangroves lost their eggs after they were flooded by high spring tides. Clutch size was usually two, the mean (1.98) being slightly smaller than those of the three fantail species that breed in temperate south-eastern Australia. The incubation period of c.14 days (n = 1) and nestling period of 12–13 days (n = 2) are comparable with those of the species that breed in temperate Australia. One of the two eggs in one nest was larger than, but similar in appearance to, the other (Fantail) egg. This nest subsequently contained a single nestling Brush Cuckoo Cacomantis variolosus, providing the first confirmed record of this species parasitising broods of the Northern Fantail. This record and observations of young Brush Cuckoos being provisioned by Northern Fantails advance the known breeding season of this Cuckoo in the NT and WA forward by 2 months.
The Effect of Direct Instructions Strategy Integrated Computational Thinking and Prior Knowledge on Critical Thinking and Problem-solving
Authors: Maulidah Siti , Setyosari Punaji , Kuswandi Dedi , Ulfa Saida
Published: December 2024

In the current digital era, critical thinking and problem-solving skills are becoming increasingly important in everyday life, especially in the industrial era 4.0. One way to develop this ability is to use computational Thinking methods (CT). This research aims to test the effect of direct instruction strategy, integrated computational thinking, and prior knowledge on elementary schools' critical thinking and problem-solving skills in Heat and Changes in Science. The method used in this research is a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design. This research was conducted at Madrasah Ibtidyah Ar-Rahmah Samarinda, involving 58 research subjects. The research instrument includes a prior knowledge test and critical thinking and problem-solving skills. To test the prerequisites for analysis using the normality test and homogeneity. Data analysis was used to test the research hypothesis using parametric statistics Tow Way MANOVA analysis technique. The research results show that (1) There are significant differences in critical thinking skills between groups of students who use computational learning and direct learning methods instructions; (2) critical thinking skills between groups of students with high prior knowledge are significantly from low prior knowledge; (3) There is no interaction between computational thinking and prior knowledge on students' critical thinking skills; (4) There are significant differences in problem-solving skills between groups of students who use computational learning and direct learning instructions; (5) The problem-solving skills of students with high prior knowledge is significantly different with low prior knowledge; (6) There is interaction between computational thinking and prior knowledge on students' problem-solving skills.
The Effectiveness of Peer Assessment in the Education Curriculum of Health Workers: A Scoping Review
Authors: Nurfitriyani Ela , Indra Susanti Ari , Susiarno Hadi , Septiana Krisna Siska
Published: December 2024

Peer Assessment has the advantage of providing effective feedback, improving social interaction between individuals, and improving the overall quality of learning. This research was conducted to explore scientific evidence regarding the benefits and challenges of peer assessment implementation, as well as to understand its impact on professional competence and learning quality. This research will help optimize the use of peer assessment in the education curriculum of health workers. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of peer assessment in learning the health education curriculum. This study uses the scoping review research method to analyze various research sources related to the same topic. The research question is based on mnemonic Population, Exposure, and Outcome (PEO). The results of the article review were obtained from the synthesis of three main ones: the benefits of peer assessment, the implementation of peer assessment, and the impact of peer assessment. The articles are from various developed countries (United Kingdom, Singapore, Netherlands, and Belgium) as well as developing countries such as (Indonesia, and Turkey). Peer assessment in the midwifery curriculum has been proven to significantly improve the quality of learning and student competence. In addition, the use of peer assessment facilitates interactive and in-depth learning, so that students are actively involved in the evaluation process in the form of feedback to improve clinical and interpersonal skills.
Sejarah Nasionalisme Arab: Revolusi Gamal Abdul Nasser dan Implikasinya pada Mesir Modern
Authors: Purba Safna Putri , Umar Lubis Amany Burhanuddin , Hannase Mulawarman , Muttaqin Mohammad Izdiyan
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dampak Nasionalisme Arab dalam sejarah Timur Tengah, dengan fokus khusus pada peran yang dimainkan oleh Gamal Abdul Nasser. Metode penelitian melibatkan analisis historis mendalam terhadap perkembangan Nasionalisme Arab di bawah kepemimpinan Nasser, dengan memeriksa pidato, kebijakan, dan tindakan kunci yang membentuk arah gerakan tersebut. Argumentasi utama penelitian ini mencakup kemampuan Nasionalisme Arab yang digagas oleh Nasser dalam memobilisasi dukungan dan memimpin revolusi di Mesir. Faktor-faktor kunci, seperti perjuangan melawan kolonialisme, advokasi keadilan sosial, dan upaya untuk membangun identitas kebangsaan yang bersatu, menjadi fokus analisis. Penelitian juga mengeksplorasi dampak Nasionalisme Arab pada tingkat regional, memperhatikan kontroversi dan perdebatan seputar sifat eksklusif gerakan ini. Dalam keseluruhan, penelitian ini mengusulkan bahwa Nasionalisme Arab di bawah kepemimpinan Nasser tidak hanya memainkan peran sebagai simbol sejarah, tetapi juga sebagai kekuatan transformasional yang membentuk identitas politik dan budaya di Timur Tengah. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang warisan Nasionalisme Arab dan dampaknya terhadap dinamika politik dan sosial di kawasan tersebut, khususnya untuk Mesir.
Technology Focus: Bits and Bottomhole Assemblies (December 2024)
Authors: Hayes Martin
Published: December 2024

Drillstring dynamics has been a central focus of research and mitigation efforts in the drilling industry for many years. The effect of dysfunction and poor dynamic motion extends far beyond simply reducing the lifespan of drilling equipment. When these issues degrade borehole quality to the extent that petrophysical measurements become compromised, managing these dynamics becomes crucial.

Addressing drillstring dynamics in these cases effectively can be the key to improving our understanding of reservoir characterization, which directly affects hydrocarbon-recovery strategies. Neglecting to manage these dynamics thus not only risks immediate operational setbacks but also threatens to diminish overall hydrocarbon recovery.

The integration of the latest state-of-the-art technology in modeling and measurement of drilling dynamics and borehole quality has enhanced the understanding of bit, bottomhole assembly (BHA), and drillstring design. This can be seen in recent work on analysis of cutter-formation interaction, borehole-quality improvement, and modeling improvements.

This progress allows drilling teams to make more-informed, proactive adjustments to drilling parameters, thereby avoiding the negative consequences of dysfunction.

As the drilling industry shifts its focus toward geothermal drilling, understanding and modeling drillstring dynamics takes on even greater importance. Geothermal drilling frequently encounters harder igneous and metamorphic rocks, which pose unique challenges. In these conditions, the performance of the drill bit, BHA, and drillstring becomes critical. Accurate modeling and effective management of these dynamics are essential to optimizing drilling efficiency and minimizing the risk of equipment loss or operational failures. In this context, ongoing research and innovation in both drillstring dynamics and its modeling are vital to the success of geothermal, hydrocarbon, and other drilling projects. Yet the best mitigation applied may not be the latest but existing tried and tested equipment.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

OTC 35320 Applications, Results, and Lessons Learned From Using Roller Reamers in Hard, Abrasive Formations—The FORGE Project Application by E. Almanza, Redback Drilling Tools, et al.

SPE 217939 Avoiding High Local Doglegs by Integrating the Drill Bit Into the Rotary Steerable System by M. Hahn, Baker Hughes, et al.

SPE 220789 Modeling PDC Cutter Loads When Drilling Interbedded Formations at Constant Penetration per Revolution vs. Weight on Bit by Paul E. Pastusek, Pastusek and Associates, et al.
Study Explores Sustainable Solutions for Managing Contaminants in Produced Water
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: December 2024

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 221002, “Sustainable Solutions for Contaminant Management in Produced Water,” by Nick Nicholas, Genesis Water Technologies, and Andrea Bautista-Gomez, SPE, UniXporter. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

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The primary objectives of this paper include identifying key challenges in managing produced water, assessing current produced-water treatment practices, identifying areas for improvement, and establishing an approach focusing on innovative sustainable solutions that benefit both the industry and the environment. In the case-studies section of the complete paper, the authors include detailed application case studies from Colombia and India (the latter is included in this synopsis).

Key Challenges in Managing Produced Water

Produced-water management presents a complex set of challenges that spans environmental, technical, economic, and regulatory areas, often requiring multifaceted treatment solutions. The following primary impediments faced in produced-water management are detailed in the complete paper:

- Variability in water composition

- High treatment costs

- Large flow volumes

- Environmental risks

- Regulatory compliance

- Limited disposal options

- Technological limitations

- Beneficial reuse obstacles

- Climate change considerations

Current treatment technologies include physical separation, chemical treatment, membrane filtration, thermal technologies, and biological treatment. Current disposal methods for produced water management in the US are diversified, with 46% of the water being disposed of, 41% reinjected, and 13% recycled. Various disposal and recycling methods, detailed in the complete paper, include deep well injection, surface discharge, evaporation ponds, and reuse and recycling.

Transportation and storage methods include pipeline networks, trucking, and storage facilities, while monitoring and compliance methods include water-quality testing and reporting systems. Waste minimization strategies include downhole water separation and various water-shutoff techniques.
Diagnostic Value of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing and Galactomannan Test in Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Authors: Yang Jia , Wu Xuan , Zhang Qianqian , Lin Chenchen , Yu Yi , Zhang Xinyan , Liu Hongmei , An Yunxia
Published: December 2024

Objective
To evaluate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and galactomannan (GM) testing in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) and to compare mNGS with other diagnostic approaches (serum/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-GM and conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) including sputum smears and culture, BALF fungal culture, and bronchial brushing).
Materials and Methods
In all, 237 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study, including 120 patients with IPA and 117 with non-IPA pulmonary infections treated at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital between June 2021 and February 2024. The diagnostic performance of mNGS was compared to conventional diagnostic methods including serum GM, BALF-GM, sputum smear microscopy, sputum culture, bronchial brushings, and BALF culture.
Results
The proportion of patients with underlying diseases was significantly higher in the IPA group than in the non-IPA group (P < 0.05). Compared to conventional diagnostic methods for IPA, mNGS showed higher diagnostic efficacy, with a sensitivity of 92.5% and a specificity of 94.02%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for BALF-GM for diagnosing IPA was 0.8, with an optimal cutoff value of 0.546, sensitivity of 66.7%, and specificity of 82.1%. The combination of mNGS and BALF-GM testing further improved diagnostic performance (sensitivity of 96.67% and specificity of 78.63%).
Conclusion
mNGS testing has excellent diagnostic efficacy for IPA, which is further enhanced by combining it with BALF-GM testing. This approach has considerable potential for the early diagnosis and targeted treatment of IPA.
Giant cystic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma: Misdiagnosis and analysis of clinical characteristics
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhou Bo
Published: December 2024

Introduction: To explore the clinical characteristics of giant cystic pheochromocytoma and misdiagnosis, and provide experience for correct and timely diagnosis and treatment.
Methods: A total of 170 cases of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from April 2011 to April 2020 were confirmed by clinical, catecholamine metabolites, imaging, or surgical pathology. The patients were classified into two groups according to the maximum diameter of the tumor and the cystic components. The clinical characteristics of patients timely diagnosis and misdiagnosis in the giant cystic group are summarized. Furthermore, the differences in demographics, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, imaging features, treatment, and tumor characteristics between the two groups were analyzed.
Results: Of the 17 patients in the giant cystic group, eight (47.1%) patients were misdiagnosed. Misdiagnosis and mistreatment characteristics of PPGL were as follows: females (accounted for 50%); median age was 51 years: more patients had normal blood pressure; greater mass effect at the onset; larger tumors; median time to diagnosis extension was 180 days; and the misdiagnosed disease was mainly: tumors of adjacent organs, digestive system, cardiovascular system, urinary system, nervous system, and endocrine system diseases. The giant cystic group had a greater mass effect than the non-cystic group (P < 0.05). The proportion of the triad of pheochromocytoma and hypertension were lower; however, this difference was not statistically significant. Blood MN(metanephrine) was higher, hemoglobin and blood low-density lipoprotein levels were lower (P < 0.05). The proportions of tumor calcification and hemorrhagic necrosis were significantly higher (P < 0.05). There was more intraoperative bleeding, more patients who underwent blood transfusions, and a longer postoperative hospital stay; however, the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Giant cystic PPGL is not uncommon, clinical manifestations may not show as high blood pressure, and imaging is not easy to identify with the large space-occupying adjacent organs. Therefore, it is easily misdiagnosed when giant cystic lesions of unknown nature,and require early biochemical examination, combined with imaging features, clearing the nature of the tumor to improve the rate of correct diagnosis.
Factors Influencing Healthcare-Seeking Decisions Delay During Acute Exacerbations in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: An Analysis Based on a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Bei-Bei , Wang Si-Yi , Han Si-Xuan , Yang Xiao-Bin , Liu Qi-Di , Chen Shao-Yue , Wu Xiao-Xian , Shen Bin , Lin Yan-Li , Hong Yan-Yan
Published: December 2024

Background: Elderly patients with chronic heart failure often experience significant delays in making healthcare-seeking decisions from the onset of symptom acute exacerbations to the final decision to seek medical care. Guided by the Health Belief Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior, this study investigates the duration and factors influencing delayed healthcare-seeking decisions following symptom acute exacerbations in elderly patients with chronic heart failure.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2023 to June 2024, involving 244 elderly patients with chronic heart failure hospitalized in two general hospitals in Nanjing, China. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey. The distributed questionnaire included a General Information Questionnaire for Heart Failure Patients, the Chinese version of the Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale, the Chinese version of the Perceived Barriers to Care Seeking Scale, the Symptom Management Self-Efficacy Scale, the Chinese version of the Social Support Rating Scale, and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire.
Results: The results showed that the healthcare-seeking decisions time among the 244 patients ranged from 2 hours to 4410 hours, with a median time of 187.5 hours (7.8 days), Q1 of 82.0 hours, and Q3 of 504.5 hours. Regression analysis indicated that symptom management self-efficacy ( β = 0.637, P < 0.001), social support (β = -0.194, P < 0.001), the location of onset (β = -0.147, P < 0.001), heart failure somatic perception (β = -0.147, P = 0.002), the onset pattern (β = -0.121, P = 0.005), and attempts at self-management (β = 0.107, P = 0.023) were significantly associated with the delay in healthcare-seeking decisions.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that delayed healthcare-seeking decisions are common among elderly patients with chronic heart failure in China. The factors influencing this delay include symptom management self-efficacy, social support, location of onset, heart failure somatic perception, and onset pattern. These findings not only enhance our understanding of healthcare-seeking behavior in heart failure patients but also provide a scientific basis for developing more effective interventions.
Left atrial appendage cannulation for left ventricular unloading in a patient with ventricular thrombus on extracorporeal life support
Authors: Schaefer Anne-Kristin , Wiedemann Dominik , Heinz Gottfried , Riebandt Julia , Zilberszac Robert
Published: December 2024

Background
Left ventricular unloading is needed in patients on extracorporeal life support (ECLS) with severely reduced left ventricular contractility to avoid stasis and pulmonary congestion, and to promote LV recovery. The presence of thrombi in the LV precludes the use of conventional active unloading methods such as transaortic microaxial pumps or apical LV vents. We describe placement of a vent cannula via the left atrial appendage (LAA) as a useful bailout option.
Case Presentation:
A 61-year-old patient presenting with normotensive cardiogenic shock (SCAI C) after subacute anterior wall myocardial infarction deteriorated with pulmonary edema and ventricular fibrilation, requiring veno-arterial extracorporeal life support under ongoing CPR (SCAI E). An Impella CP was placed for LV unloading, but was unable to generate flow and removed. A large left ventricular thrombus was detected as the cause for insufficient Impella flow. For urgent LV unloading, we placed a vent cannula via the LAA through a thoracotomy to bridge our patient to total artificial heart implantation. However, intraoperative TEE showed resolution of the LV thrombus, enabling to change the strategy to left ventricular assist device implantation. Our patient made a full recovery and is now doing well in regular outpatient follow ups.
Conclusions
ECLS provides excellent circulatory support at the price of a high complication burden and considerable LV afterload increase. ECLS complications often require individualized solutions not represented in current HF guidelines. This patient has developed a dreaded and nearly always fatal ECLS complication, which was successfully managed with vent placement via the LAA.
Evaluating the Role of Calcium Dobesilate in COVID-19-Related Pulmonary Vascular Endotheliitis and Thrombosis: A Retrospective Analysis of Real-World Data
Authors: Flota-Cervera Luis Fernando , Arellano-Bárcenas Alejandra , Salazar-G José Luis , Alexanderson-R Elvira Graciela , Martins-G Alina , Morin-Contreras Andrea , Gonzalez-G Francisco , Zingg Daniel
Published: December 2024

Background
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection is known to cause acute inflammatory pulmonary microangiopathy, leading to alveolar-capillary thrombosis, severe respiratory failure, and potential mortality. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of calcium dobesilate (CaD) in treating COVID-19-related pulmonary complications using real-world data.
Methods
This retrospective study included 60 COVID-19 patients treated with CaD in addition to standard care at three outpatient centers in Mexico City and Guadalajara. Patient data, including demographics, medical history, COVID-19 symptoms, and concomitant treatments, were collected from medical records.
Results
The median dose of CaD was 2 grams per day, starting on the third day after diagnosis and continuing for a median of 28 days. Half of the patients also required steroid therapy, with 14 receiving dexamethasone and 16 receiving prednisone. Additionally, 23.3% of patients required oxygen therapy, with volumes ranging from 3 to 10 liters per minute. Improvement in clinical symptoms was observed after a median of 18.6 ± 10.6 days (n = 50), with full recovery occurring after 25.6 ± 10.3 days (n = 42). Importantly, no deaths or long-term complications were reported among the study participants.
Conclusion
The use of CaD in treating COVID-19-associated pulmonary microangiopathy shows promising outcomes, with a notable absence of mortality or severe sequelae. However, future randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials with larger sample sizes are essential to confirm these findings and establish CaD's role in COVID-19 management.
An interlaced toolpath strategy for void reduction in material extrusion additive manufacturing
Authors: Sun Xiaochen , Mazur Maciej , CHENG Chi-Tsun
Published: December 2024

Material Extrusion (MEX) is one of the most popular forms of Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies due to its accessibility, versatility, and cost-effectiveness. However, the layer-by-layer and track-by-track nature of MEX technology is prone to the formation of defects, such as voids between deposited material tracks, which are detrimental to the print’s structural integrity and visual quality. Intertrack voids are the primary type of void in most MEX parts. This work proposes an interlaced toolpath material deposition strategy for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technologies that can reduce the formation of inter-track voids. Unlike other proposed void-minimising strategies based on thermal post-treatments, laser, or ultrasonic-assisted deposition methods, the proposed one is a software-based approach that does not require hardware modification or part-post processing. While other state-of-the-art void-minimising strategies concentrate mainly on improving print quality and often omit their corresponding impact on other aspects, this research treats toolpath generation as a multi-objective optimisation problem, aiming to enhance the print’s mechanical performance with an insignificant degradation in the print’s dimensional accuracy.
Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children with Sickle Cell Disease: Does Donor Sickle Cell Trait Status Matter?
Authors: Bayoumy Mohamed , Raffa Enass , Al-Seraihy Amal , Abosoudah Ibraheem , Orabe Amany , Altrabolsi Hassan , Ahmed Abdulatef , Elhadidy Marwa , AlKhateeb Lamis , Jastaniah Wasil
Published: December 2024

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the gold standard curative therapy for sickle cell disease (SCD). A matched related donor (MRD) with sickle cell trait (SCT) is a viable option, with no evidence of adversely affecting transplant outcomes. We conducted a retrospective chart review of children (≤ 14 years) who underwent myeloablative HSCT from MRDs for SCD between 2013 and 2023, comparing outcomes for MRD with SCT to those with normal hemoglobin (Hgb) electrophoresis. Overall, 73 children underwent HSCT at a median age of 11.3 years. The main indication for HSCT was central nervous system insult in 43 (60%) patients. Among the donors, 48 (66%) had SCT, whereas 25 (34%) had normal Hgb electrophoresis. The mean time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 21.3 (10–84) and 22.61 (14–78) days, respectively. None of the patients developed graft rejection. The incidence of both acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was similar across the donor groups. With a remarkable 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rate of 97.3%, our findings demonstrate that there is no significant difference between donor groups. Our results align with international HSCT outcomes for SCD, reinforcing the efficacy of allogeneic HSCT from MRDs, regardless of SCT status.
Pharmacy Role In the proMotion of continencE (PRIME): a co-production study to develop a Pharmacy Bladder and Bowel Service
Authors: Cotterill Nikki , Uren Alan , Williams Ade , Chandler David , McLeod Hugh , Dawson Shoba , Watson Margaret
Published: December 2024

Background
Urinary and faecal incontinence affects millions. Community pharmacies provide local community healthcare highlighting opportunity for innovation in continence promotion. The Pharmacy Role In the proMotion of continencE (PRIME) study was conducted to investigate development of a Pharmacy Bladder and Bowel Service (PBBS) incorporating key stakeholder engagement.
Methods
A UK online survey of community pharmacy staff identified current practice, and barriers and facilitators to PBBS development. Findings from earlier PRIME sub-studies: systematic literature review and qualitative interviews were incorporated into an evidence brief alongside the survey findings. This evidence informed key stakeholder participant discussions at two workshops using co-production methodology.
Results
Twenty-nine community pharmacy participants completed the survey reporting some provision of lifestyle advice in practice with clear scope for expansion.
Sixteen participants including Community Pharmacists, Bladder and Bowel Service staff, Service users and healthcare commissioners participated in workshops. A protocolised service specification was derived detailing underpinning requirements and scope of service. Record sharing, advances in training, and reimbursement are required to enable the PBBS to be viable for community pharmacy provision. Acknowledged limitations are the pressures and relatively novel nature of pharmacy research which presents challenge in promoting participation.
Conclusions
This is the first evidence-based PBBS service specification, developed to inform future practice. An evaluation of implementation along with clinical and cost-effectiveness will be undertaken to inform optimised uptake. The PBBS provides potential for early identification, promotion of continence health, and self-help activation in community settings.
Association between CDSS score and 30-day mortality in non-APL acute leukemia patients with intracranial hemorrhage: A cohort study
Authors: Zhang Jia-Yuan , Yan Zhang-Song , Li Da-Peng , Sun Xiu-Juan , Liu Yong-Ze , Yin Yan-Ke , Hu Bo , Su Ming-Huan , Li Qiu-Ling , He Jin-Song , Li Jie-Si , Mi Ying-Chang
Published: December 2024

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between CDSS (Chinese DIC Scoring System) score and 30-day mortality in patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) with nonacute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) acute leukemia.
Methods
This cohort study enrolled patients with non-APL acute leukemia complicated by ICH. The CDSS score was assessed in this patient population. Multivariable Cox regression was used to analyze the association between CDSS score and 30-day mortality. Additionally, interaction and stratified analyses were conducted based on variables such as age, sex, white blood cell count, platelet count, and albumin levels.
Results
In a study involving 82 patients diagnosed as nonAPL acute leukemia with ICH, the overall 30-day mortality rate was 61.0%, with 50 out of the 82 patients succumbing to the condition. Among those with CDSS scores ≥ 6, the mortality rate was 87% (20 out of 23), which was higher than the 50.8% mortality rate of the CDSS scores < 6 group (30 out of 59) (p = 0.002). In multivariate regression models, a 28% increase in 30-day mortality was linked to a one-point increase in CDSS score(HR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.06–1.56). Furthermore, it was associated with a 124% increase in 30-day mortality in CDSS scores ≥ 6 compared with that in the CDSS scores < 6 (HR = 2.24, 95% CI 1.1–4.56). Interaction analysis revealed no significant interactive effect on the relationship between CDSS score and 30-day mortality.
Conclusions
The CDSS score was linked to a higher 30-day mortality rate, particularly in patients with CDSS scores ≥ 6.
Management and protection of soil resources using smart technologies to measure and predict erosion mechanism
Authors: Ikram Rana Muhammad Adnan , Wang Mo , Moayedi Hossein , Dehrashid Atefeh Ahmadi , Gharibi Shiva
Published: December 2024

Soil is a critical natural resource, and accurate estimation of soil erosion is vital for the optimal management and development of soil resources. Soil erosion assessment is necessary for long-term conservation plans, but the process can be expensive and time-consuming over large areas. It is imperative to examine the impact of water-induced soil erosion on cultivated lands, as it can cause significant damage. This study evaluates the effectiveness of four data-driven approaches (biogeography-based optimization, earthworm optimization algorithm, symbiotic organisms search, and whale optimization algorithm) combined with artificial neural network models in estimating soil erosion. The examined criteria include 14 geographic and environmental criteria, and the data used in a ratio of 70 to 30 for training and testing operations. And its results were measured by AUC values. The evaluation of AUC accuracy indices revealed compelling results. Specifically, in the case of SOS-MLP, the highest AUC values were observed, reaching 0.9973 for test data and 0.9296 for train data. Conversely, for WOA-MLP, the AUC values obtained were slightly lower but still notable, registering at 0.9809 for test data and 0.959 for train data. These values were also calculated for BBO-MLP (0.999 and 0.9327) and EWA-MLP (0.9304 and 0.9296) in the training and testing phases, respectively. Results showed that all four methods could successfully evaluate erosion susceptibility according to AUC values greater than 0.92, especially the BBO-MLP with the highest AUC values. Therefore, the findings of this study have shown that the combined optimization algorithms and Machine Learning used in this research have a suitable ability to optimize the artificial neural network and are very useful for identifying areas sensitive to erosion.
Using the DCJM deep-learning model to diagnosis drug-resistant lymph node tuberculosis based on ultrasound images: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Chen Peijun , Luo Jialei , Yan Xinyi , Zhang Ying , Zhang Wenzhi , Yang Gaoyi
Published: December 2024

Our objective was to develop a deep learning model based on grey-scale ultrasound (GUS) images for predicting whether lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) of the neck is drug resistant. The GUS images of 297 cases of cervical LNTB confirmed to be drug-resistant or sensitive by laboratory examination in three hospitals were retrospectively collected. A target detection-image classification joint learning method (DCJM) model combining target detection and image classification was constructed from the training set, and the diagnostic efficacy of the DCJM model was evaluated by the data from the internal validation set, Test A and Test B. We used mean average precision (mAP) to assess the accuracy of target detection in the DCJM model, The mAP_0.5 and mAP_0.5:0.95 of the DCJM model for LNTB detection were 0.995 and 0.897, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of this model in the training set, validation set, Test A, and Test B were 0.992 (95% CI, 0.972-1.000), 0.851 (95% CI, 0.733–0.948), 0.727 (95% CI, 0.488–0.924), and 0.777 (95% CI, 0.644-0.900), respectively. The DCJM model has a strong detection function as well as a good predictive value for drug-resistant LNTB, providing valuable information for individualized treatment decisions.
Combining Immunotherapy with Anlotinib in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Analysis of Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Gao Guogang , Sun Meiling , Deng Fang , Li Jingyi , Yu Ge , Ji Huaijun
Published: December 2024

Background: Patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) face considerable therapeutic challenges and limited survival outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and potential synergistic effects of combining immunotherapy (IT) with anlotinib in patients with ES-SCLC.
Methods: We enrolled patients with ES-SCLC who received regular treatment at three centers from January 2020 to January 2024. Survival outcomes were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression.
Results: A total of 147 eligible patients with ES-SCLC were included in the analysis. The median overall survival (mOS) for all patients was 15.5 months (95% CI, 13.9-17.1). In the chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy (CT+IT) group, the mOS was 17.8 months, compared to 12.6 months in the CT group (p = 0.055). The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 7.1 months in the CT+IT group and 6.5 months in the CT group (p = 0.157). Additionally, when the cohort was divided into three groups (CT+IT+Anlotinib, CT+IT and CT alone), the mOS was 18.5, 16.3, and 12.6 months, respectively. A significant improvement in OS was observed in the CT+IT+Anlotinibgroup compared to the CT-alone group (p = 0.044), although there were no significant differences in PFS among the three groups (7.3 months vs. 6.9 months vs. 6.5 months). Multivariate analysis identified radiotherapy (p = 0.003) and immunotherapy (p = 0.021) as independent prognostic factors for OS, while liver metastasis (p = 0.023) and radiotherapy (p = 0.018) were independent predictive factors for PFS. Furthermore, patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) and CT showed significant improvements in OS (17.5 months vs. 12.5 months; p = 0.002) and PFS (7.3 months vs. 6.3 months; p = 0.004) compared to those who received CT alone. The rates of treatment-related adverse events were similar across the three groups (p = 0.721).
Conclusion: An increasing number oftreatment options are being explored for ES-SCLC, and CT is the cornerstone of treatment for this disease. The combination of Anlotinib with IT can significantly prolong survival in patients with ES-SCLC, while maintaining an excellent safety profile, and such treatments are worthy of further exploration.
A study of the effects of fresh and processed fish oils of Tenualosa ilisha, Mystus bleekeri, and Puntius sophore on Experimental Model on Atherosclerosis
Authors: Goswami Sanchari , Bala Asis , Gandla Kumaraswamy , Debnath Bikash , Singh Waikhom Somraj , Repudi Lalitha , Mande Srinivasarao , Manna Kuntal
Published: December 2024

Background
Fish and rice are very popular among the common people of Tripura. Different types of processed fish are available in Tripura, and they are very popular because of their taste and odor. They are the primary source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. analysis of Atherosclerosis activities of processed fish samples of Tripura has not been explored scientifically. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the anti-atherosclerosis activity of laboratory-extracted fish oils of fresh and processed (salted, sun-dried, and fermented) samples of T. ilisha, M. bleekeri, and P. sophore.
Methods
For the above purpose, Swiss albino mice (20–25 g) was taken and developed atherosclerosis by feeding a high-fat experimental diet for three months at Animal House, Tripura University. At the end of the three months, in vivo atherosclerosis activity was measured by estimation of biochemical composition, plasma component, liver component, and determination of collagen, calcium, and protein.
Result
From the above study, it was observed that fresh T. ilisha oil was able to reduce the amount of cholesterol, cholesterol esters, and unesterified cholesterol. In fresh T. Ilisha unesterified cholesterol content and total cholesterol content was significantly decreased than the standard diet of olive oil (**p < 0.05, ##p < 0.001). Blood glucose level was found to be increased after addition of salt. Serum ALT and AST level was significantly higher in fermented P. sophore after comparison with the standard diet with olive oil (##p < 0.001, **p < 0.01 As compared with standard diet with olive oil). The serum LDH level was significantly higher in salted T. Ilisha and sun-dried M. bleekeri **p < 0.01 (As compared with standard diet with olive oil). Through the estimation of liver component, it was observed that total cholesterol content was found to be significantly higher in sun-dried P. sophore than the standard diet of olive oil (#p < 0.01 As compared with the standard diet of olive oil).
Conclusion
Comparing all atherosclerotic parameters, liver and plasma component of fresh and processed fish samples with standard diet of olive oil the present experiment revealed that, oil from fresh sample may be considered safe for human health.
Barriers to uptake of RTS, S malaria vaccine in a malaria endemic area of western Kenya
Authors: Okanda Irine , Okuto Erick , Kwach Timon , Omolo Mevice , Abuonji Emily , Seda John , Ayodo George
Published: December 2024

Background:
Globally in 2021, there were an estimated 247 million malaria cases in 85 malaria-endemic countries which accounted for over 619,000 deaths worldwide. An estimated 27 million malaria cases and 12,600 deaths attributed to malaria in Kenya in the year 2020 (1). In every 1000 live births, 84 die before attaining 5 years in Kenya(12). Despite the implementation of several malaria prevention measures, malaria infection is still high in Kenya with children under the age of 5 being most vulnerable. As a complimentary to the existing malaria prevention measured, there is a malaria vaccine for children under 5 years of age. However, there is a low uptake, especially the 3rd and 4th doses with limited information on the reasons for the low uptake. This study aimed at identifying reasons for the low uptake of RTS, S malaria vaccine in Muhoroni sub-county Kenya.
Methods:
Study design:
The study employed an exploratory study design. A purposeful sampling method was used to select participants for focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs). Four FGDs were conducted, 3 of them involved 25 parent/guardian whose children either completed or didn’t complete the recommended 4 doses or didn’t receive the vaccine at all, and 1 FGD involved 11 community health volunteers (CHVs). The KII involved 11 nurses in charge of maternal and child health (MCH) clinics. FGDs and KIIs guides were used for data collection. Data was analyzed thematically using NVIVO version 12.
Results:
The gaps in malaria vaccine implementation are inadequate knowledge about the vaccine to both parents/guardians and nurses, vaccine side effects and high number of doses. Others are the poor attitude of health care providers, vaccine unavailability, understaffing of the health providers resulting in long waiting times, and migration to non-implementing sub-counties.
Conclusion:
Barriers for malaria vaccine uptake were: Inadequate knowledge about the vaccine, vaccine side effects and number of doses, poor attitude of health care providers, migrations, vaccine unavailability, long waiting queue due to staff understaffing, economic activities, cultural beliefs and inadequate trainings of nurses.