bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early endocrine alterations reflect prolonged stress and relate to 1-year functional outcome in patients with severe brain injury
Authors: Marina Djordje , Klose Marianne , Nordenbo Annette , Liebach Annette , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla
Published: April 2015

Objective

Severe brain injury may increase the risk of developing acute and chronic hypopituitarism. Pituitary hormone alterations developed in the early recovery phase after brain injury may have implications for long-term functional recovery. The objective of the present study was to assess the pattern and prevalence of pituitary hormone alterations 3 months after a severe brain injury with relation to functional outcome at a 1-year follow-up.

Design

Prospective study at a tertiary university referral centre.

Methods

A total of 163 patients admitted to neurorehabilitation after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI,n=111) or non-TBI (n=52) were included. The main outcome measures were endocrine alterations 3.3 months (median) after the brain injury and their relationship to the functioning and ability of the patients at a 1-year follow-up, as measured by the Functional Independence Measure and the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended.

Results

Three months after the injury, elevated stress hormones (i.e. 30 min stimulated cortisol, prolactin and/or IGF1) and/or suppressed gonadal or thyroid hormones were recorded in 68 and 32% of the patients respectively. At 1 year after the injury, lower functioning level (Functional Independence Measure) and lower capability of performing normal life activities (Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended) were related to both the elevated stress hormones (P≤0.01) and the reduced gonadal and/or thyroid hormones (P≤0.01) measured at 3 months.

Conclusion

The present study suggests that brain injury-related endocrine alterations that mimic secondary hypogonadism and hypothyroidism and that occur with elevated stress hormones most probably reflect a prolonged stress response 2–5 months after severe brain injury, rather than pituitary insufficiencyper se. These endocrine alterations thus seem to reflect a more severe disease state and relate to 1-year functional outcome.
The Chromatin and Transcriptional Landscape of NativeSaccharomyces cerevisiaeTelomeres and Subtelomeric Domains
Authors: Ellahi Aisha , Thurtle Deborah M , Rine Jasper
Published: April 2015

Saccharomyces cerevisiae telomeres have been a paradigm for studying telomere position effects on gene expression. Telomere position effect was first described in yeast by its effect on the expression of reporter genes inserted adjacent to truncated telomeres. The reporter genes showed variable silencing that depended on the Sir2/3/4 complex. Later studies examining subtelomeric reporter genes inserted at natural telomeres hinted that telomere position effects were less pervasive than previously thought. Additionally, more recent data using the sensitive technology of chromatin immunoprecipitation and massively parallel sequencing (ChIP-Seq) revealed a discrete and noncontinuous pattern of coenrichment for all three Sir proteins at a few telomeres, calling the generality of these conclusions into question. Here we combined the ChIP-Seq of the Sir proteins with RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in wild-type and in SIR2, SIR3, and SIR4 deletion mutants to characterize the chromatin and transcriptional landscape of all native S. cerevisiae telomeres at the highest achievable resolution. Most S. cerevisiae chromosomes had subtelomeric genes that were expressed, with only ∼6% of subtelomeric genes silenced in a SIR-dependent manner. In addition, we uncovered 29 genes with previously unknown cell-type-specific patterns of expression. These detailed data provided a comprehensive assessment of the chromatin and transcriptional landscape of the subtelomeric domains of a eukaryotic genome.
Prevalence of Non Strabismic Binocular Vision Disorders in Patients with Asthenopia
Authors:   Sankara college of optometry, Bangalore, Karnataka, Rao Diwakar
Published: April 2015

Non-strabismic binocular vision disorders are highly prevalent conditions. Patients report to eye care practitioners with symptoms of eyestrain, headaches, blurred vision etc. These conditions are generally missed out unless a complete orthoptic and binocular vision examination is performed. Treatment of these conditions is very successful with vision therapy, lenses and prisms. Successful treatment leads to a significant improvement in the quality of life of the patients. This study was aimed towards finding the prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision disorders in patients complaining of asthenopia.
Psychological Injuries at Work – What Every Manager Should Know
Authors:   Associate Professor, VIT- Business School, VIT- University, Vellore, Tamilnadu, Resmi A T , Mathew Mercy ,   Assistant Professor, VIT- Business School, VIT- University, Vellore, Tamilnadu, V J Gemini ,   Assistant Professor (S.G), VIT- Business School, VIT- University, Vellore, Tamilnadu, S Paul Silvian ,   Professor, Vyaghreswarudu College of Physical Medicine, Vizag, Andhra Pradesh
Published: April 2015

A psychological injury is a diagnosable illness that affects a person’s thinking, emotional state and behavior. It can disrupt their ability to work and carry out other daily activities, and to engage in satisfying personal relationships. Unlike a physical injury, a psychological injury cannot be easily recognized and understood. This research document is a conceptual work, which tries to define and isolate stress and stress related injuries, as well as psychological injuries at work. Such an understanding would help the top management to cater and prevent injuries of such extent. Based on literature, a model has been developed for the study and the research document has defined “Psychological injury as an employee’s explicit manifestation of distress in the form of affective behavioral and cognitive dysfunction in work context”. This research document can be considered a seminal work done in Indian context. This works gains importance in the light of increasing number of lawsuits in Indian courts on work- related stress and agony. India still does not have any laws that deal with emotional health and stress related injuries at work or psychological injuries as compared to other countries like Canada, U.K and the U.S.
Employee Empowerment
Authors:   Dean, Chitkara School of Health Sciences Chitkara University, Punjab, Pradhan Preethi , Kamlanabhan T J ,   Professor, Department of Management Studies, IIT, Madras, Thulasiraj R D ,   Executive Director, Aravind Eye Care System, Muraleedharan V R ,   Professor, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, IIT, Madras
Published: April 2015

The work done by the human resource in healthcare are the key to bringing about patient healing. As the tasks that each of the different human resource healthcare professionals have to do is quite enormous and varied and differs from patient to patient depending upon their unique needs it is also equally challenging to train the staff. The concept of employee empowerment is therefore extremely critical for staff to do what requires to be done for patients in a timely manner keeping the best interest of the patient in the mind. This article takes a thorough look at this concept as well as how it is measured. Its application is also discussed taking the example of the Aravind Eye Hospital.
Variability of Intensive Care Management for Children With Bronchiolitis
Authors: Pierce Heather C. , Mansbach Jonathan M. , Fisher Erin S. , Macias Charles G. , Pate Brian M. , Piedra Pedro A. , Sullivan Ashley F. , Espinola Janice A. , Camargo Carlos A.
Published: April 2015

Objective:

To determine the extent of variability in testing and treatment of children with bronchiolitis requiring intensive care.

Methods:

This prospective, multicenter observational study included 16 academic children’s hospitals across the United States during the 2007 to 2010 fall and winter seasons. The study included children <2 years old hospitalized with bronchiolitis who required admission to the ICU and/or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) within 24 hours of admission. Among the 2207 enrolled patients with bronchiolitis, 342 children met inclusion criteria. Clinical data and nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected.

Results:

Respiratory distress severity scores and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated. The study patients’ median age was 2.6 months, and 59% were male. Across the 16 sites, the median respiratory distress severity score was 5.1 (interquartile range: 4.5–5.4; P < .001). The median value of the percentages for all sites using CPAP was 15% (range: 3%–100%), intubation was 26% (range: 0%–100%), and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) was 24% (range: 0%–94%). Adjusting for site-specific random effects (as well as children’s demographic characteristics and severity of bronchiolitis), the intraclass correlation coefficient for CPAP and/or intubation was 21% (95% confidence interval: 8–44); for HFNC, it was 44.7% (95% confidence interval: 24–67).

Conclusions:

In this multicenter study of children requiring intensive care for bronchiolitis, we identified substantial institutional variability in testing and treatment, including use of CPAP, intubation, and HFNC. These differences were not explained by between-site differences in patient characteristics, including severity of illness. Further research is needed to identify best practices for intensive care interventions for this major cause of pediatric hospitalization.
Effect of Early-Onset Sepsis Evaluations on In-Hospital Breastfeeding Practices Among Asymptomatic Term Neonates
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Sagori , Lieberman Ellice S. , Puopolo Karen M. , Riley Laura E. , Johnson Lise C.
Published: April 2015

Objective:

To examine the effect of separation for early-onset sepsis (EOS) evaluations due to perinatal risk factors on breastfeeding practices among asymptomatic term newborns.

Methods:

This observational study included 692 nulliparous women with term, singleton uncomplicated pregnancies who intended to breastfeed and whose infants were well appearing at birth. We examined the rate of early breastfeeding initiation (within 2 hours of birth) and formula supplementation (in the first 24 hours) among this mother–infant cohort.

Results:

Asymptomatic infants separated for EOS evaluation within 2 hours of birth were more likely to have delayed initiation of breastfeeding (46.5% vs 12.5%; P < .001). This association remained significant when adjusted for potential confounders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.4–8.9]; P < .001). Among infants separated for EOS evaluation, mother–infant time together of ≤0.5 hour in the first 2 hours of life significantly delayed initiation (aOR: 8.9 [95% CI: 1.5–53.7]; P = .02) compared with infants spending >1.5 hours with their mothers. In bivariate analysis, both separation and initiation were associated with formula supplementation. After adjusting for confounders, only delayed initiation remained significantly associated with supplementation (aOR: 1.9 [95% CI: 1.1–3.5]; P = .03).

Conclusions:

Early separation of asymptomatic infants from their mothers for EOS evaluation was significantly associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding, which in turn was associated with increased formula supplementation in the first day of life. This unintended consequence of EOS evaluations among asymptomatic infants may be minimized by delaying early separation for performance of the evaluation, attempting breastfeeding initiation before separation, and/or applying more efficient criteria for identifying infants requiring evaluation.
Evaluation and Treatment of Fetal Exposure to Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Wild Bridget M. , Obringer Emily , Farrell Elaine
Published: April 2015

Symptomatic congenital toxoplasmosis is a rare disease in the United States. However, prenatal screening is becoming increasingly available, resulting in identification of infants at risk of developing the disease. Infants who are born asymptomatic may still develop significant neurodevelopmental sequelae months or even years after birth if untreated. Congenital toxoplasmosis is a difficult infection to diagnose. Using one case as an example, this review attempts to highlight the importance of identifying at-risk infants and summarize the most current recommendations with regard to workup and treatment of affected infants. Initial evaluation of an infant at risk of congenital toxoplasmosis includes complete history and physical examination, lumbar puncture, head computed tomography, complete blood cell count with differential, detailed ophthalmologic examination, and Toxoplasma gondii polymerase chain reaction and serologic testing. Because of the complexity of the laboratory studies involved, expert interpretation is required. Although there is still much to learn about the best approach to the identification and treatment of affected infants, we know that early treatment leads to the best neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Executive Functioning of 4 Children With Hyperphenylalaninemia From Childhood to Adolescence
Authors: Sharman Rachael , Sullivan Karen A. , Jones Toni , Young Ross McD. , McGill Jim
Published: April 2015

Hyperphenylalaninemia is a variant of phenylketonuria, and debate remains as to what, if any, active management of this condition is required to preserve cognitive function and psychological well-being. This study is the first to examine longitudinally the executive function (EF) in adolescents with hyperphenylalaninemia. Two sibling pairs with mild hyperphenylalaninemia underwent neuropsychological examination in early childhood and again in adolescence using EF tests that were highly sensitive to phenylalanine exposure. By early adolescence, none of the 4 children demonstrated EF impairment. The children demonstrated a typical developmental trajectory of EF from childhood to adolescence, given phenylalanine exposure consistent with their condition.
Incidental Findings on Brain and Spine Imaging in Children
Authors: Maher Cormac O. , Piatt Joseph H. ,   SECTION ON NEUROLOGIC SURGERY, Ragheb John , Aldana Phillip R. , Gruber David P. , Jea Andrew H. , Brockmeyer Douglas , Ritter Ann
Published: April 2015

In recent years, the utilization of diagnostic imaging of the brain and spine in children has increased dramatically, leading to a corresponding increase in the detection of incidental findings of the central nervous system. Patients with unexpected findings on imaging are often referred for subspecialty evaluation. Even with rational use of diagnostic imaging and subspecialty consultation, the diagnostic process will always generate unexpected findings that must be explained and managed. Familiarity with the most common findings that are discovered incidentally on diagnostic imaging of the brain and spine will assist the pediatrician in providing counseling to families and in making recommendations in conjunction with a neurosurgeon, when needed, regarding additional treatments and prognosis.
Point-of-Care Ultrasonography by Pediatric Emergency Medicine Physicians
Authors: Marin Jennifer R. , Lewiss Resa E. ,   AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS, Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine,   SOCIETY FOR ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Academy of Emergency Ultrasound,   AMERICAN COLLEGE OF EMERGENCY PHYSICIANS, Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee,   WORLD INTERACTIVE NETWORK FOCUSED ON CRITICAL ULTRASOUND, Shook Joan E. , Ackerman Alice D. , Chun Thomas H. , Conners Gregory P. , Dudley Nanette C. , Fuchs Susan M. , Gorelick Marc H. , Lane Natalie E. , Moore Brian R. , Wright Joseph L. , Benjamin Lee S. , Alade Kiyetta , Arms Joseph , Avarello Jahn T. , Baldwin Steven , Barata Isabel A. , Brown Kathleen , Cantor Richard M. , Cohen Ariel , Dietrich Ann Marie , Eakin Paul J. , Gausche-Hill Marianne , Gerardi Michael , Graham Charles J. , Holtzman Doug K. , Hom Jeffrey , Ishimine Paul , Jinivizian Hasmig , Joseph Madeline , Mehta Sanjay , Ojo Aderonke , Paul Audrey Z. , Pauze Denis R. , Pearson Nadia M. , Rosen Brett , Russell W. Scott , Saidinejad Mohsen , Schwartz Gerald R. , Sloas Harold A. , Swenson Orel , Valente Jonathan H. , Waseem Muhammad , Whiteman Paula J. , Woolridge Dale , Bird Steven B. , Blomkalns Andra L. , Clem Kathleen J. , Courtney D. Mark , Diercks Deborah B. , Hockberger Robert S. , Holmes James F. , Hudak Lauren , Jones Alan E. , Kaji Amy H. , Martin Ian B. K. , Noble Vicki , Storti Enrico , Tsung Jim , Volpicelli Giovanni
Published: April 2015

Emergency physicians have used point-of-care ultrasonography since the 1990s. Pediatric emergency medicine physicians have more recently adopted this technology. Point-of-care ultrasonography is used for various scenarios, particularly the evaluation of soft tissue infections or blunt abdominal trauma and procedural guidance. To date, there are no published statements from national organizations specifically for pediatric emergency physicians describing the incorporation of point-of-care ultrasonography into their practice. This document outlines how pediatric emergency departments may establish a formal point-of-care ultrasonography program. This task includes appointing leaders with expertise in point-of-care ultrasonography, effectively training and credentialing physicians in the department, and providing ongoing quality assurance reviews.
ADSORPTION OF PARAQUAT DICHLORIDE TO KAOLIN PARTICLES AND TO MIXTURES OF KAOLIN AND HEMATITE PARTICLES IN AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS
Authors: Martins Dina Alexandra , Simões Manuel , Melo Luís
Published: April 2015

Deliberate contamination with pesticides is a potential risk to water security, due to the availability of these contaminants and the fact that they do not need special expertise to handle or apply. Adsorption of the herbicide paraquat from an aqueous solution to suspended particles of kaolin and kaolin/hematite mixture was investigated by kinetic and equilibrium assays, taking into consideration several parameters such as initial pH, sorbent dosage and agitation speed. The results showed that the adsorption process is quite fast, reaching an 18% reduction in paraquat concentration in a very short period of time. The addition of hematite particles to kaolin suspension had no apparent effect on the maximum amount of paraquat adsorbed. Kinetic parameters were determined by fitting the pseudo-second order model to the experimental data (correlation coefficients close to 1). Isotherm studies indicate an inhibitory effect, promoted by hematite particles, that was not detected in the adsorption assays. Equilibrium data was best adjusted using the Langmuir model which yielded higher correlation coefficient values and smaller normalized standard deviations.
Immune response to gut Escherichia coli and susceptibility to adjuvant arthritis in the rats
Authors: Kovačević-Jovanović Vesna , Miletić Tatjana , Stanojević Stanislava , Mitić Katarina , Dimitrijević Mirjana
Published: April 2015

We have investigated the humoral immune response to antigens of predominant gut aerobic bacterial strains (i.e.Escherichia coli) over the course of adjuvant arthritis and oil-induced arthritis in two inbred rat strains: Dark Agouti (DA) and Albino Oxford (AO). We report the presence of antibodies specific to proteins ofE. coliin molecular weight range between 20–30 kDa in sera of diseased DA rats, and the absence of these antibodies in the sera of AO rats. In DA rats, CFA and IFA provoked a stronger antibody response toE. coli, especially of the IgG2b antibody class. Intramuscular administration ofE. colipreceding the adjuvant arthritis induction had no effect on the development and course of disease, as well as on the activation of T cells in the draining inguinal lymph nodes. Higher serum levels of natural and induced IgA antibodies, combined with a higher CD3+CD26+cell percentage were found in AO rats. The observed correlation between the serologic response to commensal flora and rats’ genetic background as a defining factor for arthritis susceptibility may contribute to the process of creating a favorable (or less favorable) milieu for arthritis development.
Retrovesical hydatidosis associated with urinary tract pathology — Case report
Authors: Barabás-Hajdu Enikő , Maier Adrian , Coroş Florin , Mártha Orsolya
Published: April 2015

Cystic hydatidosis (CH) is a worldwide distributed parasitic zoonosis. It is considered one of the 17 neglected parasitic tropical diseases, among cysticercosis and soil transmitted helminthiases. CH is caused by the larval stage ofEchinococcus granulosus, a tapeworm that usually infects dogs and other carnivorous animals as definitive hosts and herbivorous animals and rarely humans as intermediate hosts. Main primary localizations are the liver and the lung. In less than 3% they can primarily be present in the spleen. Treatment is mainly surgical, in some cases resulting in reoccurrence. In this paper we present the case of a male 55 years old patient who underwent a surgical intervention on his spleen for a solitary hydatid cyst as primary localization. Fifteen years after the operation the patient presented macroscopic haematuria; routine laboratory findings presented soft eosinophilia, 5%, without any other modification. There was found no palpable tumour in the pelvis by rectal examination. Abdominal ultrasound investigation revealed a 2×1 cm formation in the urinary bladder at the base of the left bladder-wall and a retrovesical, inhomogeneous 10×10 cm tumour with multiple septa and transonic zones. Computed tomography (CT) scan strongly suggested the presence of a bladder tumour and a hydatid cyst. The symptoms caused by the bladder tumour revealed the co-existing non-symptomatic retrovesical secondary CH, which is a rare complication of splenicEchinococcus granulosusinfection. Close follow-up and a proper pre- and postoperative anti-parasitic medication of the patient could have prevented reoccurrence of CH.
Comparative study of antibody levels developed by vaccination against polio virus in population after vaccine type alteration
Authors: Farkas Ágnes , Magyar Nóra , Szomor Katalin , Takács Mária
Published: April 2015

During clinical trials, samples from Hungarian patients of different age groups were tested for antibodies against all 3 serotypes of poliovirus, a member of Picornaviridae family. During the virus neutralization serological test, blood samples were titrated using permanent virus concentration. Based on the cythopathic effect observed under a light microscope, the antibody level of the patient was assessed. The 100 people examined were classified into 5 groups based on age and type of original vaccine: I. Newborns, no vaccination given; II. Immunosuppressed patients; III. Born before 1986, received only OPV vaccine; IV. Born between 1992–2005, received a combination of OPV and IPV vaccines; V. Born after 2006, received only IPV vaccine. Results show that vaccination coverage meets all the criteria. None of the immunized persons was seronegative to all three polioviruses. Both IPV and OPV vaccines are effective against poliovirus. Blood samples from newborn babies with no immunization were also examined. Results show that most newborns have maternal antibodies in their blood. Results of group II show that immunosuppression does not have a negative influence on blood antibody levels against polioviruses. In spite of the low number of samples, our results show that seroconversion after immunization in the Hungarian population is adequate. For more accurate results about vaccination coverage in the population, further trials would be necessary.
Modulation of ConA-induced inflammatory ascites by histamine — Short communication
Authors: Baintner Károly
Published: April 2015

The early phase of the ConA-induced inflammatory ascites was studied, with special reference to histamine. Concanavalin A (ConA), a cell-surface binding lectin was injected i.p. (25 mg/kg bw) to mice. After 1 h the animals were killed, the ascitic fluid collected and measured. Other agents were injected s.c., 10 min before the ConA-challenge. Exogenous histamine markedly inhibited the ConA-induced ascites. Release of endogenous vasoactive agents from the mast cells by Compound 48/80 had a similar, but slight effect. Cromolyn, a mast cell stabilizing agent, and chloropyramine, a histamine H1 receptor antagonist was ineffective. Although histamine increases endothelial permeability, it did not enhance the formation of ascitic fluid, on the contrary, it inhibited the ConA-induced ascites, presumably due to its known hypotonic effect. It is concluded that ConA-induced ascites is not mediated by mast cell histamine.
Indivíduo, subjetivação e cultura
Authors: Vincent Hubert
Published: April 2015

É sempre num sentido substancialista que compreendemos a noção de diferença: diferenças existiriam, seriam dadas, e nossa responsabilidade estaria em nos adaptarmos a elas. Quer se valorizem, quer se critiquem nossas sociedades pós-modernas, elas parecem situar no cerne de suas atenções a preocupação com as diferenças individuais. O objetivo deste artigo é considerar essa valorização e essa crítica, sem privilegiar uma ou outra. Tomando apoio em Montaigne, procura mostrar que o indivíduo não é assimilável a uma realidade substancial e estável, e que, se quisermos refletir sobre o que seria, na educação, a preocupação com a individualidade, é outra a direção que deveremos tomar. O que seria, assim, uma "educação principesca", a admitirmos que esse tema clássico da filosofia da educação seja o tema em que a filosofia reflete essa preocupação com o indivíduo, com Montaigne particularmente, mas também com Emerson, Nietzsche, Dewey e, mesmo, Kant? Em que medida, além disso, a educação do indivíduo assim compreendida se articula com a preocupação com a cultura e as suas obras, a ponto de permitir nossas condições de subjetivação?
Padrão físico-químico e microbiológico da água de nascentes e poços rasos de propriedades rurais da região sudoeste do Paraná
Authors: Daneluz Débora , Tessaro Dinéia
Published: April 2015

Este trabalho avalia a qualidade da água em propriedades rurais do município de Dois Vizinhos, Paraná, por meio de analises físico-químicas e microbiológicas. Foram analisadas 90 amostras, sendo 45 provenientes de nascentes e 45 de poços rasos, quanto aos parâmetros pH, temperatura, turbidez, coliformes totais e termotolerantes. Das 90 amostras analisadas, 23 atenderam à legislação vigente, enquanto que 67 estavam em desacordo, logo, inapropriadas para o consumo humano e animal, representando fator de risco à saúde.
Weight loss and nutritional anemia in patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on use of vitamin and mineral supplementation
Authors: RAMOS Natalia Maria Coutinho Pinheiro de Jesus , MAGNO Fernanda Cristina Carvalho Mattos , COHEN Larissa , ROSADO Eliane Lopes , CARNEIRO João Régis Ivar
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a chronic disease with high growth in population and bariatric surgery is currently considered the most effective treatment for weight reduction; on the other hand, nutritional deficiencies are observed after this procedure. AIM: To analyze weight loss progression and nutritional anemia in patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on use of vitamin and mineral supplementation. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 137 patients of both sexes, aged between 18-60 years, using supplemental multivitamins and minerals, were included; personal information, anthropometric and laboratory data in the preoperative, 12, 24, 36 and 48 months postoperatively were collected. RESULTS: Postoperatively, in both sexes, occurred weight loss compared to the pre-operative weight gain at 48 months and maintenance of body mass index. There was a decrease in the percentage of excess weight loss at 48 months postoperatively compared to the time of 12, 24 and 36 months in men and decreased at 48 postoperative months compared to the time of 24 months in females. There was a decreased in serum ferritin in both sexes and increased serum iron at 48 months postoperatively in males. There was a decreased in vitamin B12 and folic acid increased serum at 48 postoperative months in females. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment was effective for reducing weight, body mass index reduction and achievement of success in the late postoperative period along with multivitamin and mineral supplementation on prevention of serious nutritional deficiencies and anemia.
An investigation of the nature of a Pc5 pulsation event using SuperDARN and magnetometer data
Authors: Mtumela Zolile , Stephenson Judy A.E. , Walker Anthony D.M.
Published: April 2015

Pc5 pulsations are global magnetohydrodynamic events in the magnetosphere. We employed an Automated Pulsation Finder program to identify significant Pc5 pulsation events in SuperDARN radar data. The event presented here was visible in the Goose Bay, Saskatoon and Þykkvibaer high-frequency radars, located in the northern polar region. These observations were coordinated with magnetometers within their field of view. These two instrument types – radars and magnetometers – complement each other. These observations represent a significant fraction of the globe in longitude. Pulsation studies of this nature are rare in the literature. Combining these two instrument types, we investigated the nature of the pulsation and determined its qualitative polarisation characteristics. A complex demodulation technique was employed to determine amplitude and phase relationships between field components observed by the radars and magnetometers, which, in turn, afforded resolution of other characteristics of pulsations, such as wave number and phase velocity. The results are discussed in the context of the magnetohydrodynamic theory of magnetic pulsations, speculating on its generation mechanism. Investigation of this mechanism will be the subject of a future publication.
Variables and Challenges in Assessing EU Experts’ Performance
Authors: Holst Cathrine , Tørnblad Silje H.
Published: April 2015

Expert advice in political processes is supposed to improve decisions. If expertise fails in this function, a legitimacy problem occurs: granting political power to experts may be defensible, but only on the grounds that it contributes to enlightening political processes and facilitate problem-solving. The paper provides a theoretical exploration of four variables that are key when assessing the epistemic quality of expert deliberations: the degree to which these deliberations are 1) informed by technical expertise, 2) regulated by epistemically optimal respect and inclusion norms, 3) focused on politically relevant and applicable knowledge, and 4) approaching questions involving moral judgment and standard setting competently. Previous research on the European Commission’s use of expert advice has more or less overlooked the question of experts’ epistemic performance, and this paper discusses the possible reasons for this in light of well-known methodological challenges in studies of elite behaviour; access and bias problems. A discussion of the merits and limitations of different available data on the Commission experts shows that the biggest obstacle in the study of experts’ epistemic performance is rather the problem of epistemic asymmetry, i.e. of how researchers as non-experts can assess the epistemic quality of experts’ contributions and behaviour. The paper offers, finally, a set of strategies to get research going despite this problem.
CONSULTA DE ENFERMAGEM EM ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA AO PORTADOR DE HANSENÍASE: PROPOSTA DE INSTRUMENTO
Authors: Da Silva Reinilson Pereira , Beserra Eveline Pinheiro , Nunes Elicarlos Marques , Ribeiro César Alves Erica Surama , Gomes Marinalva Roberto
Published: April 2015

Introdução: A hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa, estimulada pelo Mycobacterium leprae, que se manifesta através de sinais e sintomas dermatoneurológicos, causando lesões na pele e nervos periféricos. O enfermeiro possui fundamental importância para o controle e eliminação desta enfermidade. Tem como objetivo relatar a proposta de um instrumento de Consulta de Enfermagem para o portador de hanseníase. Relato de experiência: Caracteriza-se um estudo descritivo, resultado de um Projeto de Intervenção, realizado no município de Icó, interior do Ceará. O instrumento foi fundamentado no Processo de Enfermagem de Wanda Horta. Sistematizar a prática da enfermagem possibilita identificar variáveis individuais e sociais que influenciam o transcorrer do tratamento do paciente com hanseníase, contribuindo para modificações no estilo de vida, o que favorece um plano de cuidados para evitar futuras incapacidades físicas e assegurar a continuidade da assistência. Conclusão: O instrumento elaborado concorre para ampliar a prática assistencial do enfermeiro, incorpora novas informações para tornar o atendimento mais efetivo e o incentiva a aplicar o Processo de Enfermagem na Atenção Primária, reafirmando sua autonomia profissional.
ASPECTOS SOCIOFAMILIARES CONSTITUTIVOS DO ESTUDO SOCIAL DE ADOLESCENTES COM FISSURA LABIOPALATINA
Authors: Graciano Maria Inês Gândara , Santiago Maisa Coutinho , Bonfim Elisabeth De Oliveira , Galvão Karoline Angélico
Published: April 2015

Introdução: O Serviço Social do cenário deste estudo busca conhecer a realidade socioeconômica dos usuários, identificando os fatores determinantes e condicionantes da saúde, para fins de orientação e intervenção diante do processo de reabilitação. Objetivo: Demonstrar os aspectos sociofamiliares constitutivos do estudo social realizado pelos assistentes sociais de um hospital de ensino no atendimento de adolescentes com fissura labiopalatina residentes em Bauru. Material e Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quanti-qualitativa mediante análise documental de 58 prontuários de pacientes adolescentes (de 12 a 18 anos) com fissura labiopalatina realizada no ano de 2012. Resultados: a) Aspectos Sociais: - famílias nucleares (65,5%), monoparentais (19%) e extensas (10,3%) de estratos socioeconômicos baixos (84,5%) e religião católica (48,1%) ou evangélica (38,9%); - pacientes com nível educacional fundamental (75,8%); estudantes (100%); com bom relacionamento escolar e apoio dos professores (98,3%); sem vínculo ocupacional (96,6%); utilizam recursos próprios para locomoção (51,8%) ou são beneficiados com o passe deficiência (48,2%); expectativa de tratamento global com equipe de reabilitação (91,4%); histórico de assiduidade (75,1%), porém sem abandono ou interrupção de tratamento. b) Ações Interventivas do assistente social: socioassistenciais (94,8%); socioeducativas (93%); articulação com a equipe de saúde (98,3%) e mobilização, participação e controle social (100%) em cumprimento aos princípios para atuação dos assistentes sociais na saúde. Conclusão: Os adolescentes com fissura labiopalatina, apesar do estigma que envolve a deformidade congênita, superaram os limites da deficiência, com boa interação social e apoio na reabilitação. As ações interventivas do Serviço Social evidenciadas nos estudos socioeconômicos revelam o importante papel do assistente social, especialmente na orientação das famílias no sentido de identificar e utilizar os recursos no atendimento e na garantia de seus direitos, tendo como eixo fundamental a prevenção e intervenção junto às situações de abandono e/ou interrupção do tratamento de forma a viabilizar o processo de reabilitação interdisciplinar.
SENTIMENTOS DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM CIRÚRGICA DIANTE DA MORTE
Authors: Salimena Anna Maria De Oliveira , Ferreira Gisele Da Cruz , De Melo Maria Carmen Simões Cardoso
Published: April 2015

Introdução: A morte é um desafio para todos os profissionais de enfermagem, principalmente para aqueles que atuam na área cirúrgica. Objetivo: Compreender a experiência de morte de paciente, na vivência dos profissionais de enfermagem de um setor cirúrgico. Casuística e Métodos: Utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa, visando à essência nos depoimentos, buscando uma aproximação com a Fenomenologia, por meio de entrevista aberta, com dez profissionais de enfermagem, realizada nos meses de março a maio de 2011. O cenário foi um Hospital Universitário do interior de Minas Gerais. Resultados: A análise compreensiva desvelou a Unidade de Significação: Sentimento de tristeza, de perda, de impotência e derrota diante da morte. Conclusão: Considera-se que apesar de todo o avanço tecnológico, a morte está presente no cotidiano de trabalho da enfermagem e este profissional deve ter embasamento cientifico e estabilidade emocional para ser capaz de lidar com a morte, uma experiência tão repleta de sentimentos e sensações.
Changes in organic mental disorders features in persons who have repeatedly committed socially dangerous acts
Authors: Popov S N , Vinnikova I N
Published: April 2015

Aim. Comparative analysis of the changes in clinical manifestations of organic mental disorders in persons who have repeatedly committed socially dangerous acts, and in patients without recurrence of misconduct.Methods. 93 patients with organic mental disorders who have committed socially dangerous acts and were declared as mentally insane and in whom compulsory medical measures assigned to them by the court were used were examined. Patients who have committed repeated socially dangerous acts after treatment were included in the main group (30 persons), patients who does not commit repeated socially dangerous acts were allocated to the comparison group (63 persons).Results. In the main group, patients with organic delusional disorder (F06.2, 20% vs 11.1%) dominated. In the control group, the share of patients with dementia of mixed origin (F02) was 22.2%, and in the main group - only 3.3%. In the main group, the prevalence of patients with psychotic conditions within the organic mental disorder was 43.3% versus 30.2% in the comparison group. At that, the rate of progression varied only slightly. The proportion of patients with no previously recorded episodes of decompensation was higher in the control group - 46.0% versus 13.3% in the study group. A few patients in both groups (10%) were supervised and regularly visited a psychiatrist. The number of patients who were not supervised or who attended psychiatrist rare was almost the same (46.7 and 47.6% in the study group and control group, respectively). At that, in the control group 12.7% of patients were not supervised due to the short disease duration (patients with dementia). There were a few more patients with a disease duration of more than 10 years in the comparison group - 54.0%, whereas in the study group - 43.3%.Conclusion. There is a number of differences in clinical manifestations of organic mental disorder and their changes over time, affecting the criminogenic risk of this population; an integrated approach to disease prevention, which can lead to an improvement in the criminal forecast, is needed.
The Role of Professor V.I. Razumovskiy and His Disciples in Pediatric Surgery Formation in Kazan
Authors: Akhunzyanov A A
Published: April 2015

The history of pediatric surgery development at the Medical Faculty of the Kazan Imperial University and Kazan city is full of white spots. The most important among them, in our opinion, is that published biographies of Imperial Kazan University’s and Kazan State Medical Institute’s prominent pediatricians and surgeons almost do not contain information about their role in the formation of pediatric surgery as a separate specialty. Even in detailed biography of professors Nikolay Aleksandrovich Tolmachev and Vasiliy Ivanovich Razumovskiy, we only find a description of their activities as a pediatrician and a surgeon. In view of the above, this paper provides unpublished reliable information to reflect their contribution to the development of pediatric surgery in Kazan. The initial stage of the official establishment of the pediatric surgical diseases course at the Kazan Imperial University medical faculty, followed by foundation of pediatric surgery faculty at the Kazan State Medical Institute, is described. Biography of the first pediatric surgeon of Kazan Imperial University Vladimir L. Borman is presented. While analyzing the historical facts, it’s worth noticing that many organizational and personnel matters of delivering pediatric surgery classes to the students of Kazan Imperial University Medical Faculty and Kazan State Medical Institute were mainly resolved due to the efforts of outstanding for their time Kazan Imperial University professors: pediatricians N.A. Tolmachev, P.M. Argutinskiy-Dolgorukov, surgeon V.I. Razumovsky and his disciples - V.L. Borman, V.L. Bogolyubov, I.F. Kharitonov.
Liberdade, igualdade e solidariedade como direitos fundamentais na democracia
Authors: Barletta Fabiana
Published: April 2015

Este estudo traça um arco teórico que liga reflexões acerca da democracia em algumas tradições à democracia do Brasil dos dias de hoje, para, por meio do legado desses quadros, encontrar o modelo de democracia que se pretende construir. Para isso, afirma-se que, em qualquer tempo vindouro, liberdade, igualdade e solidariedade serão sempre direitos fundamentais no Estado Democrático. Compreende-se, pela alta carga valorativa desses direitos, seu conteúdo denso e elástico, posto que relacionado com o momento histórico, econômico-social e ideológico-cultural de dada sociedade, bem como com as especificidades de um caso concreto. Ao final são elaboradas algumas proposições para o desenvolvimento da democracia no Brasil com base na cognição, interpretação e aplicação desses direitos fundamentais.
A importância da brincadeira na constituição do homem cívico
Authors: Francisco Rachel Herdy Barros
Published: April 2015

A questão da emergência do homem cívico, essencial à concepção republicana de cidadania, remete a outras áreas do conhecimento, especialmente às abordagens psicanalíticas sobre a vida ativa e criativa. O presente ensaio pretende mobilizar os estudos de Winnicott com o objetivo de identificar as possíveis aproximações entre a psicanálise e as principais abordagens sociológicas acerca do civismo, com especial ênfase na centralidade do conceito de confiança. O exame proposto, por se situar no campo das interações entre cultura e política, não poderá prescindir de uma identificação das principais matrizes teóricas acerca do conceito de cultura política, hoje amplamente revisitado. O argumento central consiste na impossibilidade epistemológica de uma sociologia que se pretende neutra com relação aos estudos acerca do psiquismo individual.
A cultura do medo e as transgressões contemporâneas
Authors: Sobrinho Sergio Francisco
Published: April 2015

Este artigo, de natureza multidisciplinar, insere-se na interface entre os Estudos de Sociologia Política, Criminologia Crítica e Psicoanálise - um importante referencial teórico para a compreensão do sujeito como receptor do fenômeno jurídico - com a finalidade de analisar o vínculo dos diversos mecanismos de interação social com a cultura do medo, numa tentativa de compreender como o discurso do poder produz a imagem necessária do terror social, o qual justifica ações estatais cada vez mais disciplinadora e emergencial, típicas dos estados totalitários.
A liberdade republicana e a necessidade de limitação do narcisismo pela interferência sem dominação
Authors: Scarpi Vinicius
Published: April 2015

Toda teoria política parte de uma concepção antropológica que lhe serve de alicerce. Neste sentido, o republicanismo pensa o homem como um animal político ou, em outras palavras, como um animal social que se constrói sempre na presença de outros indivíduos. Dessa forma, partindo da intersubjetividade e o do erotismo como aspectos não apenas necessários, mas como fatores positivos na formação das subjetividades, defende-se no artigo um conceito de liberdade que se atualiza num contexto social e que prescreve a necessidade de limitação do narcisismo como condição para a construção de uma sociedade livre de dominação.
Análise econômica do direito: contribuições e desmistificações
Authors: Alvarez Alejandro Bugallo
Published: April 2015

O presente artigo equaciona a Análise Econômica do Direito no panorama do pensamento Jurídico americano, suas conexões com o realismo, o pragmatismo e o utilitarismo, bem como as convergências e diferenças específicas com o Critical Legal Studies. Ressalta-se a perspectiva interdisciplinar polarizada na dimensão e lógica econômica, destaca-se a eficiência como princípio polarizador do movimento e fixa parâmetros de contraposição com a justiça e as teorias da justiça.
Notícias e Informações
Authors: Direito Revista
Published: April 2015

dissertações e teses defendidas no 2º semestre de 2006 no âmbito dos Programas de Pós-Graduação (Mestrado e Doutorado) em Teoria do Estado e Direito Constitucional do Departamento de Direito da PUC-Rio.
Os direitos do trabalho nas Constituições do Brasil de 1934 e do México de 1917
Authors: Bentes Fernando Ramalho Ney Montenegro
Published: April 2015

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Estudo comparativo entre a Assistência Judiciária Gratuita no Brasil e o Apoio Judiciário em Portugal
Authors: Da Silva João Fernando Vieira
Published: April 2015

O presente texto colima tecer singelas comparações entre os modelos de prestação do acesso à justiça isento de custas, despesas processuais e honorários no Brasil e em Portugal, destacando vicissitudes e virtudes de cada ordenamento, bem como apontando a possibilidade de interações proficientes entre as vantagens de cada modelo.
Judiciário e mídia: o problema da realização da cidadania no Brasil
Authors: Rocha Álvaro Filipe Oxley
Published: April 2015

O presente artigo é uma primeira aproximação para explicitar as relações entre a mídia e o Judiciário brasileiro, no sentido de compreender as conseqÃ¼ências políticas e sociais dessa interação para a realização da cidadania no Brasil.
Notícias e Informações
Authors: Direito Revista
Published: April 2015

Resumos das dissertações e teses defendidas no 1º semestre de 2009 no âmbito dos Programas de Pós-Graduação (Mestrado e Doutorado) em Teoria do Estado e Direito Constitucional do Departamento de Direito da PUC-Rio
Loucura e direito em King Lear de William Shakespeare
Authors: Paiva Nunziata Stefania
Published: April 2015

A loucura em suas diversas manifestações sempre causou grande fascínio ao homem. Relatos de loucura estão presentes nas produções literárias ao longo da história, a começar pela antiguidade grega, na qual a loucura se aproximava da razão com ela dialogando, até os tempos modernos em que loucura significa, apenas ou prioritariamente, doença. O tema da loucura humana permeia as obras do gênio Shakespeare. Pode-se encontrá-la de forma evidente na peça King Lear que transcorre em torno do enlouquecimento de um rei. King Lear escrita no início do século XVII fornece uma percepção social da loucura que reconstrói exatamente o momento em que a loucura na história é reduzida à condição de doença mental. A partir desse momento consolida-se o modelo de exclusão social na expansão dos asilos psiquiátricos. Utilizando como base teórica a História da Loucura de Foucault, o presente trabalho pretende estabelecer um diálogo entre a Literatura de William Shakespeare na obra King Lear e o Direito tendo em vista que a percepção social da loucura irá influenciar a compreensão dos institutos jurídicos da incapacidade civil ocasionada pela enfermidade ou deficiência mental, da interdição, da imputabilidade penal, da senilidade associada à diminuição da capacidade de discernimento e, enfim, a luta antimanicomial em que emerge a proteção inconteste dos direitos humanos.
"A quem cabe a escolha?" Sobre a importância de distinguir os métodos alternativos de interpretação jurídica
Authors: Shecaira Fábio Perin
Published: April 2015

O artigo oferece uma taxonomia dos métodos de interpretação jurídica correntes nos sistema jurídicos modernos. Os métodos são descritos e discriminados em função da sua capacidade de fornecer poder de escolha, ou discricionariedade, ao intérprete. O principal objetivo do artigo é mostrar como o papel político exercido pelo intérprete de normas jurídicas varia de acordo com o tipo de método que ele escolhe empregar.