bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problems of legal science in the context of modern state-building processes in Ukraine: Challenges and tasks
Authors: Parkhomenko Nataliia M. , Podorozhna Tetiana S. , Tarakhonych Tetiana I. , Andrusiv Liudmyla M. , Mozoliuk-Bodnar Liudmyla M.
Published: July 2021

The article examines the problems of legal science in the context of modern state-building processes in Ukraine through the prism of constitutional reform and ensuring the constitutional order. It is emphasised that one of the main causes of the socio-political crisis, economic unrest and social regress is imperfect legislation, which often does not meet the needs of Ukrainian society, European principles and international standards. On the other hand, it is obvious and historically confirmed that the adoption of a new Constitution or amendments to the current and improvement of legislation does not in itself mean a real law and order. For more than a quarter of a century, Ukraine has remained in a state of transition. It is noted that the assessment of the impact of constitutional legislation, which determines almost all reforms in the state, revealed the following priorities: the creation of favourable conditions for the formation of a new constitutional (state and social) system; determining the conditions for the formation of a new system of economic relations; consolidation of new principles of organisation and functioning of state and socio-political life; actual implementation of the provisions of the Basic Law; further constitutionalisation of all elements of the legal system; recognition of the authority of international law. Regarding the latter, it is stated that the legal ideas, norms and principles proclaimed in the Constitution of Ukraine, provisions on human and civil rights and freedoms must meet international standards, because by becoming a member of the Council of Europe, Ukraine has committed itself to implement European human rights standards, the supremacy of law and democracy. It is the amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine that should provide the foundation for democratic change and the construction of a European democracy that will allow building in Ukraine an independent European state, where every Ukrainian will feel dignified and protected. It was concluded that modern jurisprudence is characterised by a number of scientific methodological approaches, which allows a comprehensive approach to the study of law and legislation in different dimensions. This is objectively due to the constant complication of social relations, including international ones, and requires a deeper understanding of the content of this category and the prospects for its further development. This process will be effective only if it is carried out taking into account the specifics of law and, accordingly, the principles of its knowledge. There is also no doubt that only methodologically sound research of law will allow forming a holistic internally consistent theory of law, which can be applied in the theory of state and law, other areas of law, as well as in the course of state and legal development, including in Ukraine
Paradigm of reforming higher legal education in Ukraine in the context of training practising students
Authors: Nosik Volodymyr V. , Khomenko Mykhailo M. , Krasytska Larysa V.
Published: July 2021

The relevance of the study was explained by a special public demand for the quality of legal education, ensuring compliance of the content of legal education with modern requirements of the labour market and the tasks of professional activity of lawyers. The purpose of the study was to consider methodological, research and theoretical, legislative, educational, and methodological foundations regarding the practical orientation of the educational process of training lawyers as a paradigm for reforming higher legal education and determining the forms of organising the educational process aimed at improving the quality of legal education. The methodological framework of the study was formed considering philosophical, general scientific, and special scientific methods of scientific cognition. Conceptual approaches to the introduction of possible methodological forms of organising practical training of students into the educational process of higher legal educational institutions were proposed, considering the elements of the Bologna Process and the development of a unified educational space according to the European vector of development of Ukraine. The study considered methodological, scientific and theoretical, legal, and methodological foundations for a general understanding of the practical training of law students in the educational process, its functional purpose in the context of implementing the reform of legal education as a component of legal reform in Ukraine. The study emphasised the necessity of preserving and further developing fundamental higher legal education and combine it with the established national and foreign doctrines of law and the practical orientation of the educational process as a paradigm for reforming legal education in Ukraine. It was concluded that the development of practical skills and abilities of a legal education applicant occurs in the educational process due to various forms of methodological organisation of the educational process. In particular, the authors considered the features of conducting practical classes using case methods and solving incidents, as well as binary classes, practical training, working in a law clinic, performing dual education, taking part in court debates, etc. The practical value of this study lies in the fact that it proved the advisability of preserving the national traditions of higher legal education in the educational process and introducing new, progressive forms of the educational process aimed at improving the quality of higher legal education, which would meet the requirements of the labour market and the challenges facing a modern democratic society, global development trends and tasks of professional activity of lawyers in various fields
Features of the legal status of subjects of Civil Law
Authors: Banasevych Iryna I. , Heints Ruslana M. , Lohvinova Mariia V. , Oliinyk Oksana S.
Published: July 2021

Theoretical and applied research of the features of the legal status of the subjects of civil law remains debatable today. Doctrinal and legislative analysis of this subject points to unresolved issues in this area. In particular, the provision on defining the state as a party to civil law remains controversial. There is no consensus on the definition of individuals and legal entities as subjects of civil law among scholars. Furthermore, the legal regulation of certain types of entities is somewhat unsystematic and chaotic. This is largely due to the insufficient development of theoretical issues related to the subjects of civil law. The above issues determine the relevance of the study of the features of the legal status of subjects of civil law. The purpose of the study is to investigate the features of the legal status of subjects of civil law based on doctrinal and legislative analysis. The study is based on a systematic approach, which lies in studying a complex system of relationships between subjects of civil law. Furthermore, the study is based on the laws and principles of dialectics, which contribute to the study of the legal status of the subjects of civil law. Systemic and structural-functional analysis was used to comprehensively describe the legal status of subjects of civil law. The historical method contributed to the study of the evolution of research on the subjects of civil law. The formal legal method helped identify the special features of the provisions of regulations concerning the subjects of civil law. With the help of the comparative legal method, the study analysed the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine in terms of regulation of subjects of civil law and such regulation was compared with other countries. The study defined the concepts and types of subjects of civil law and considered the features of the legal status of individuals, legal entities, as well as the state as a special participant of civil law. Special attention was paid to the historical analysis of the development of approaches to the definition of subjects of law, starting with Roman law
The influence of COVID-19 on labor and social relations: Rules of memory of Belarus and Ukraine
Authors: Yaroshenko Oleg M. , Tomashevski Kirill L.
Published: July 2021

The article presents a brief analysis of the situation in Belarus and Ukraine with the spread of coronavirus COVID-19 and measures taken by employers to optimise labour and social security relations during 2020. A brief overview of the decisions taken by Presidents, Parliaments, Governments and Ministry of Healthcare of both countries aimed at containment of coronavirus infection is presented. The latest changes in the Labour Code of Belarus and Labour Code of Ukraine, which regulated remote work since 2020, were touched upon. Attention is paid to the concept of self-isolation under the legislation of Belarus and Ukraine, restrictive measures that must be observed when self-isolating citizens in connection with COVID-19 infection, as well as level 1st and 2nd contacts. The authors analyse the new legislative provisions governing home and remote work, introduced into the labour legislation in Belarus in 2020, in Ukraine in 2020 and 2021. The article presents the specific experience of Belarus, where the presidential decree extended the rights of employers to temporarily transfer employees without their consent, as well as to change essential working conditions, and without making changes to the Labour Code. The authors give an assessment of such legislative innovations. The article deals with some issues of social support for employees who find themselves in a situation of downtime due to the suspension of the activities of organisations that are idle, as well as self-isolation. At the end of the article, some suggestions and recommendations are made for further adaptation of labour and social security legislation in Belarus and Ukraine in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Modern challenges to international security and protection of Human Rights (international and Ukrainian context)
Authors: Karpachova Nina I.
Published: July 2021

At the moment, two mechanisms for protecting human rights can be distinguished in Ukraine: an appeal to the European Court of Human Rights at the international level and an appeal to the Commissioner for Human Rights at the national level. Therewith, the activity of the ombudsman constitutes the state’s performance of its obligations at the international level to ensure the national mechanism for the protection of human rights. In Ukraine, the Ombudsman acts according to the model of the classic parliamentary Commissioner for Human Rights. In addition, along with the parliamentary Commissioner for Human Rights, which has a constitutional status, there are government commissioners (“quasi-ombudsmen”) in Ukraine, whose activities do not have a special status and can be terminated at the will of the government at any time. Considering the above, the purpose of this study lies in a comprehensive analysis of modern challenges to international security and the impact of these factors on the observance of human rights in Ukraine (using the methods of both international law and classical legal methodology), as well as studying the role of the ombudsman in this process. The analysis allowed to conclude that the causes of human rights violations lie not only in the country’s problems, but are also the consequences of global processes. A huge challenge to the rights and freedoms in Ukraine is the intensifying poverty of the population, which in itself is a violation of human rights and allows to exercise all other rights. Furthermore, the hostilities in the Donbas region led to gross, massive, and systematic violations of human rights: residents of the front-line territories were faced with two challenges at once – the danger that arises due to the impossibility of ensuring security in the immediate vicinity of the war zone and the increasing risks of poverty
Reliability evaluation of a forensic expert's opinion: World practices and Ukrainian realities
Authors: Zhuravel Volodymyr A. , Konovalova Violetta E. , Avdeyeva Galina K.
Published: July 2021

Improving the activities of pre-trial investigation and judicial review largely depends on the increased use of special knowledge in forensic investigative practice and, above all, the involvement of an expert and their analysis. The relevance of the subject matter is explained by the need to introduce new forms and approaches to evaluating the reliability of expert opinions, in particular with the involvement of independent specialists of the corresponding speciality. The purpose of this study was to provide arguments regarding the expediency of attracting knowledgeable persons as reviewers to evaluate the objectivity and completeness of forensic analysis, the correctness of the methods and techniques applied by the expert, and the validity of the opinion. To achieve this purpose, the following general scientific and special research methods were used: Aristotelian, comparative legal, functional, sociological, statistical, system and formal legal analysis, legal modelling, and forecasting. It was established that in the vast majority of countries of the world, except Ukraine, an independent, knowledgeable person with special knowledge in the corresponding field is involved to help evaluate the reliability of an expert opinion. It was proved that contacting knowledgeable persons to evaluate the objectivity, validity, completeness of expert research helps establish the causality between the identified features of the object of analysis and the fact that is subject to establishment, and also gives grounds for determining the affiliation, admissibility, reliability, and sufficiency of the expert opinion. At the same time, a specialist's review cannot serve as a source of evidence, but only has an auxiliary (advisory, technical) nature and can serve as a basis for appointing a second (additional) forensic analysis or a cross-examination of the expert and the reviewer. To exercise the rights of individuals to fair justice, it is proposed to introduce this procedure for evaluating the reliability of expert opinions in Ukraine, with the necessary changes in the current procedural legislation of Ukraine to provide an opportunity for participants in criminal proceedings and the victim to attract knowledgeable persons as reviewers of expert opinions
The essence of a helpless state of a person as an important component in the investigation of crimes
Authors: Kravchuk Oleh V. , Atamanchuk Volodymyr M. , Turovets Yurii M. , Volkotrub Serhii H. , Ostapenko Oleksandr Ye.
Published: July 2021

The modern legal framework, despite the definition of a helpless state in the corresponding provisions of criminal, administrative, and civil legislation, does not answer the question of what exactly should be understood by such a state due to the lack of any definitions or interpretations of this concept. This determines the relevance of this study. The purpose of this study is to develop an interpretation of a helpless or other life-threatening condition, with the subsequent possibility of the corresponding improvement of the current legislation of Ukraine. The leading method of research is the method of comparative legal analysis. The study analyses the definitions of the concept of a helpless state of a person available in legal and scientific sources. Based on the results of the study, the author’s position on the essence of the concept of a helpless state is presented. The causes that can act as factors of a helpless state are identified. It is noted that the helpless state of a person, under certain conditions, can transform into a dangerous state of a person, as a result of which there is a threat of violation of citizens’ rights. The authors conclude that a helpless state is not only a physical or mental state in which a person can be located, but also a physiological state (psychophysiological), as its factor, acts as a component of the content of a helpless state. Identification of the scope and content of the rights of citizens in need of external security due to the presence of the relevant citizens, owners of these rights in a helpless or other life-threatening state, another task of solving which requires prior clarification of the essence of the helpless state or related states. Based on the analysis, the authors propose an original definition of the helpless state, as well as determine its features
National resilience in democracy: Ukrainian experience
Authors: Korolchuk Olena L.
Published: July 2021

The actuality and importance of this issue are due to the fact that ensuring resilience of the nation and the country and modern development of democratic societies requires synergistic activities and effective dialogue between public authorities and citizens to understand the problems and needs of the state and society, especially under rapidly changing turbulent conditions. The purpose of this article is to identify the main threats to Ukraine and clarify the definition of national resilience, understanding that the basis of the interface between national security and national resilience is the human perception of these problems, including their relationship to the government and administrative institutions. The leading approach to the study of this issue was content analysis, which allowed to provide the main answers, in accordance with the goal – to identify the main threats and clarify the concept of national resilience; statistical methods were also used – combined methods of data collection and processing, such as generalization and systematization, processing of sociological information, assessment of distribution patterns, graphical method, etc. The article reveals that the main threats to Ukraine among the Ukrainian student youth are considered to be the internal challenges of governing society, external threats to territorial integrity and economic danger; at the same time, we update the concept of national resilience, emphasizing the most commonly used components, such as the ability of nations and countries to successfully overcome internal and external threats, while maintaining patriotic spirit and national identity, given the high level in quality of life in a socially independent country. This article has practical value for rethinking the term “national security” and “national resilience”, according to their characteristics, bringing the quality of the results of this concept to the most satisfactory for both the state and its citizen. Thus, the development of necessary measures of resilience in Ukraine can be directed; the results of the article can be used by scientists, practitioners, government officials, civil society for the development and implementation of this concept in Ukraine and be a basis for further study of this concept in other democracies
Foreign experience in constitutional and legal regulation of restrictions on human rights in conditions of emergency and martial law
Authors: Bukhanevych Oleksandr M. , Kuznichenko Serhii O. , Mernyk Anastasiia M.
Published: July 2021

The study investigates the foreign experience of constitutional and legal regulation of restrictions on human rights in conditions of emergency and martial law in Macedonia, Armenia, Belarus, Moldova, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania, Albania, Azerbaijan, which is relevantin modern conditions, based on the presence of local military conflicts, emergencies, or the possibility of their existence in many countries of the world. The purpose of this study was to analyse the text and content of the constitutions of foreign countries to clarify and explain the groundsfor restricting human and civil rights and freedoms in conditions of emergency and martial law. To achieve this purpose, the study employed a system of methods of scientific cognition, namely general scientific (analysis, synthesis), particular (comparative, quantitative and qualitative analysis, approximation), as well as special legal (formal legal, comparative legal) methods. The practical value of the study lies in the identification of four prevailing trends in the constitutions of foreign states to the procedure for determining the scope of restrictions on human rights under special regimes: 1) consolidation of an exhaustive list of rights and freedoms in the constitutions, which cannot be restricted during the period of emergency and martial law; 2) consolidation of an exhaustive list of rights and freedoms in the constitution, which can be restricted to protect human rights, the democratic structure of the state, public safety, the well-being of the population and morals; 3) combining the first two options for consolidating restrictions in the text of the constitutions; 4) consolidation of the possibility of limiting the rights and freedoms of the individual in the texts of constitutions by state authorities under special legal regimes in the interests of national security without specifying partiular rights and freedoms that may (or may not) be restricted
Theoretical foundations and development priorities of national security rights
Authors: Pylypchuk Volodymyr G. , Bohutskyi Pavlo P. , Doronin Ivan M.
Published: July 2021

The legal content of national security is revealed in the law of national security and becomes a crucial area for the development of legal science in modern conditions of the armed aggression unleashed by the Russian Federation against Ukraine and crisis processes in the international security system. The purpose of this study was to determine the features of national security law as a branch of the national legal system and establish prospects for the development of this branch of law. This study employed a set of methods, which include dialectical, Aristotelian, historical-legal, comparative-analytical, sociological methods, as well as methods of structural analysis, legal modelling, and forecasting. National security law is considered an independent branch of law that demonstrates its public significance in the legal support of national security. National interests, as generally significant interests protected by law, form objects of national security law, are reflected in social communications, which, under the influence of national security law, acquire the features of legal strategic communications. At the same time, the integrative qualities of national security law are manifested in interaction with international security law and military law. National security law forms a system of legal support for national security. Priorities for the development of national security law are implemented in a complex of research, organisational and educational measures, which determines the introduction of the corresponding scientific speciality and educational specialisation. The practical value of the study was to cover the features of national security law as a value-normative system of statuses, rules of conduct, communications, which has public recognition and is legitimised to ensure safe conditions for human life, the existence and development of society and the state, and to justify the development of the subject area of national security law towards qualitative indicators of legal support of all components of the national security system, structuring its types, levels – from national to international, entering the legal system of collective international security based on international principles and standards that form such a security system
The legal regulation of service and combat activities of the security and defense sector of Ukraine in crisis situations
Authors: Bielai Serhii V. , Kobzar Oleksandr F. , Yevtushenko Ihor V. , Korniienko Vasyl , Koba Oleksandr V.
Published: July 2021

The article states that nowadays situations in Ukraine shows that the theory of military activity of law enforcement forces needs a new development in the terms of settlement of armed confrontation in separate areas of Donetsk and Luhansk areas. Therefore, the issues of regulatory and legal support of law enforcement agencies in responding to crisis situations come to the fore. The analysis of normative legal acts shows that legal norms are not formulated clearly enough and ambiguously interpreted by law enforcement agencies. Therefore, it is necessary to refine the legislative mechanism for preventing and responding to crisis situations that threaten the national security of Ukraine. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to comprehensively reveal the essence and features of the legal regulations of combat operations of the security and defense sector of Ukraine in crisis situations and to develop specific practical recommendations, scientifically sound proposals for improving State governance in this field. In order to research the best practices of Ukraine on the functioning of Public mechanisms of response of the security and defense sector of Ukraine to crisis situations during the Anti-Terrorist Operation and the Joint Forces Operation in some districts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, an expert survey of anti-terrorist security experts was conducted. The results of the survey provided an opportunity to identify the main problematic issues in the functioning of the anti-terrorist security system and provide appropriate development proposals. The State authorities today need to focus on improving the organization of management, establishing interagency cooperation between government agencies, increasing the level of pre-training of personnel, a clear definition of tasks for law enforcement units during special operations. Areas of further research will be aimed at developing State mechanisms of responding by the components of the security and defense sector of Ukraine to crisis situations
FACTORI PROGNOSTICI ÎN EVOLUŢIA POSTOPERATORIE PRECOCE A ATREZIEI ESOFAGIENE. EXPERIENŢA UNUI CENTRU TERŢIAR ÎNTR-UN INTERVAL DE 5 ANI
Authors:   Clinica de Chirurgie Pediatrică, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie ,,Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Ciornei Mihaela , Savu Bogdan ,   Clinica de Chirurgie Pediatrică, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie ,,Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Hanganu Elena ,   Clinica de Chirurgie Pediatrică, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie ,,Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Popa Diana Ecaterina ,   Clinica de Chirurgie Pediatrică, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie ,,Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Burlea Marin ,   Clinica de Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie ,,Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi
Published: July 2021

Scop. Studierea factorilor prognostici care pot influenţa evoluţia postoperatorie a pacienţilor cu atrezie de esofag, ţinând cont de particularităţile loco-regionale ale problemei. Metode. S-a efectuat o analiză retrospectivă a documentelor medicale pentru 28 de pacienţi diagnosticaţi cu atrezie esofagiană între 2009-2014 în centrul autorilor, utilizând ca instrument de prelucrare a datelor regresia logistică. Supravieţuirea a fost considerată variabilă dependentă, iar detaliile demografice, greutatea la naştere, vârsta intervenţiei chirurgicale, anomaliile asociate, evoluţia postoperatorie şi managementul complicaţiilor au fost studiate ca şi variabile independente. Rezultate. Aplicând clasificarea prognostică propusă de Spitz, grupul I cu greutatea la naştere (G.N.) ≥ 1.500 g, fără malformaţii cardiace majore, a cuprins 21 de nou-născuţi cu o mortalitate de 33%. Pentru 3 copii încadraţi în grupul II (G.N.≤1.500 g sau malformaţii cardiace majore) şi, respectiv, 4 copii din grupul III (G.N.≤1.500 g şi malformaţii cardiace asociate), mortalitatea a fost de 100%. Greutatea medie la naştere a fost de 2.282 g ±2DS, iar vârsta gestaţională medie de 31 de săptămâni. Vârsta la internare a fost de peste 24 de ore în 15 cazuri, cu deces în 13 dintre situaţii. Malformaţiile asociate cu cea mai mare pondere au fost cele cardiace. Tratamentul chirurgical a constat în: anastomoză primară (21 de cazuri), cervico- şi gastrostomie (6 cazuri), tehnica Foker (1 caz). Complicaţia postoperatorie cea mai frecventă a fost dezunirea anastomozei (la 6 pacienţi, cu deces în 4 situaţii). Concluzii. Analiza seriei studiate indică o rată de supravieţuire scăzută pentru această patologie în centrul autorilor. În plus, faţă de factorii de prognostic citaţi în literatură (greutatea şi vârsta mică la naştere, anomaliile congenitale asociate), întârzierea diagnosticului şi, implicit, a internării într-un centru terţiar, au contribuit la creşterea mortalităţii în lotul studiat. Rafinarea abordării multidisciplinare a acestei patologii ar putea determina în viitor o supravieţuire mai mare şi o îmbunătăţire a rezultatelor managementului terapeutic.
SINDROMUL BARDET-BIEDL – PREZENTARE DE CAZ
Authors:   Universitatea „Lucian Blaga“, Sibiu, Iurian Sorin Ioan ,   Spital Clinic de Pediatrie, Sibiu, Arts Heleen ,   Departamentul de Genetică Medicală, Universitatea Radboud, Nijmegen, Olanda, Brunner Han ,   Departamentul de Genetică Medicală, Universitatea Radboud, Nijmegen, Olanda, Fîntînă Dana ,   Spital Clinic de Pediatrie, Sibiu
Published: July 2021

Sindromul Bardet-Biedl (transmitere autozomal-recesivă) este caracterizat prin obezitate, degenerescenţă retiniană, polidactilie şi retard mental. Autorii prezintă demersul diagnostic la un sugar cu paratrofie, polidactilie şi hipogenitalism.
TULBURARE DE MIGRARE NEURONALĂ – CAZ CLINIC
Authors:   Institutul de Ocrotire a Mamei şi Copilului „Alfred Rusescu“, Bucureşti, Voicilă Carmen , Cabat Anca ,   Institutul de Ocrotire a Mamei şi Copilului „Alfred Rusescu“, Bucureşti, Ioan Raluca Gabriela ,   Institutul de Ocrotire a Mamei şi Copilului „Alfred Rusescu“, Bucureşti
Published: July 2021

Autorii prezintă cazul unui nou-născut transferat la 43 h de la naştere în Clinica de Neonatologie IOMC Polizu pentru sindrom de detresă respiratorie neonatală şi suspiciune de infecţie materno-fetală, care a fost investigat extensiv pe parcursul internării pentru persistenţa tulburărilor de tonus muscular neexplicate printr-o asfixie la naştere, fiind diagnosticat în urma examenului RMN cu heterotopie periventriculară dreaptă asociată cu chist porencefalic temporal stâng şi schizencefalie de aceeaşi parte.
RECOMANDĂRI PRE-PROCEDURALE ÎN ENDOSCOPIA DIGESTIVĂ LA PACIENTUL PEDIATRIC
Authors:   Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Diaconescu Smaranda , Păduraru Gabriela ,   Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Olaru Claudia ,   Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Gimiga Nicoleta ,   Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Soponaru Camelia ,   Universitatea „Al. I. Cuza“, Iaşi, Ciubară Anamaria ,   Psihiatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Bolat Maria ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Iorga Magdalena ,   Psihologie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi
Published: July 2021

Endoscopia digestivă, una dintre cele mai frecvente investigaţii invazive în gastroenterologia pediatrică, nu este lipsită de riscuri. Complexul de măsuri necesare acestei manevre cuprinde: evaluarea corectă a bolnavului ţinând seama de indicaţiile şi contraindicaţiile endoscopiei, obţinerea consimţământului informat, pregătirea psihologică a părinţilor/copilului, aplicarea unor restricţii dietetice, profilaxia infecţiilor. De asemenea, trebuie ales tipul de anestezie, monitorizarea continuă intra şi post-procedurală pentru evitarea complicaţiilor legate de procedură sau de reacţii adverse medicamentoase.
COMPLICAŢII CARDIACE ÎN DISTROFIA MUSCULARĂ DUCHENNE LA COPIL
Authors:   Secţia de Neurologie Pediatrică, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţe pentru Copii ,,Sfânta Maria“, Iaşi, Grigore Ioana , Frasin Mariana ,   Laboratorul de explorări funcţionale, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţe pentru Copii ,,Sf. Maria“, Iaşi, Diaconu Georgeta ,   Secţia de Neurologie Pediatrică, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţe pentru Copii ,,Sfânta Maria“, Iaşi
Published: July 2021

Complicaţiile cardiace sunt frecvent diagnosticate în distrofia musculară Duchenne (DMD), manifestările clinice fiind în general evidente după vârsta de 10 ani. Înregistrările electrocardiografice au obiectivat la aceşti pacienţi diferite modificări, cele mai frecvente fiind reprezentate de unde R ample în precordialele drepte, unde Q profunde stângi, tulburări de conducere şi aritmii. Examenul ecocardiografic poate obiectiva prezenţa disfuncţiilor cardiace subclinice la copiii cu vârstă sub 12 ani diagnosticaţi cu DMD. La pacienţii la care examenul ecocardiografic standard este în limite normale, indexul de performanţă miocardic este un parametru util în de pistarea precoce a anomaliilor cardiace asimptomatice. Rezonanţa magnetică cardiovasculară oferă informaţii atât cu privire la funcţia sistolică a ventriculului stâng, cât şi a modificărilor ţesutului miocardic şi a apariţiei fibrozei, leziuni ce rar pot fi obiectivate înaintea vârstei de 10 ani. Toate aceste explorări trebuie avute în vedere la copiii cu DMD la finalul unui bilanţ neurologic complet.
REFLUXUL GASTROESOFAGIAN LA NOU-NĂSCUT ŞI SUGAR (I)
Authors:   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Lupu Valeriu V. , Ignat Ancuţa ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Păduraru Gabriela ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Burlea Marin ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi
Published: July 2021

Refluxul gastro-esofagian (RGE) la nou-născut şi sugar se particularizează prin patogenie, încadrare diagnostică şi abordare terapeutică. La aceştia situaţia este mai complexă dacă avem în vedere imaturitatea funcţională a aparatului digestiv, imaturitatea anatomică a sfincterului esofagian inferior Hiss şi aciditatea gastrică mai mică. În cazul sugarilor se ţine cont şi de complianţa redusă la procedurile laborioase cum sunt pH-metria, impedanţ-pH-metria şi endoscopia digestivă. Graniţa dintre regurgitaţii, reflux gastro-esofagian fiziologic şi boală de reflux este uneori dificil de trasat. Modificarea stilului de viaţă la sugari (alimentaţia şi modificările poziţionale), prin obţinerea aderenţei mamei la recomandările medicale, reprezintă un prim pas în tratamentul RGE, fiind urmat în cazurile non-responsive de terapia farmacologică şi intervenţia chirurgicală.
ASPECTE CLINICE ŞI TERAPEUTICE ÎN COARCTAŢIA DE AORTĂ SEVERĂ CU CIRCULAŢIE SISTEMICĂ DUCTAL DEPENDENTĂ LA NOU-NĂSCUT
Authors:   Secţia Clinică de Cardiologie Pediatrică, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţe pentru Copii „Sf. Maria“, Iaşi, Luca Alina-Costina ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Holoc Andreea-Simona ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Iordache Constantin ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi
Published: July 2021

Coarctaţia de aortă are incidenţă de 0,6-0,8/1.000 nou-născuţi, manifestându-se clinic din perioada neonatală. La nou-născut, malformaţiile congenitale cardiace asociate cu insuficienţă cardiacă şi răsunet clinic încă din primele ore de viaţă au un prognostic rezervat, necesitând un diagnostic precoce şi o conduită terapeutică adecvată. Prezentăm un caz clinic de coarctaţie de aortă severă cu circulaţie sistemică ductal dependentă, diagnosticat din perioada neonatală. Tratamentul precoce cu prostaglandină E1 a permis menţinerea echilibrului hemodinamic, copilul beneficiind de corecţie chirurgicală în prima lună de viaţă.
GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX IN NEWBORNS AND INFANTS (I)
Authors:   Pediatrics Department, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Lupu Valeriu V. , Ignat Ancuta ,   Pediatrics Department, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Paduraru Gabriela ,   Pediatrics Department, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Burlea Marin ,   Pediatrics Department, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi
Published: July 2021

Gastroesophageal reflux in newborns and infants is particularized by pathogeny, diagnosis and therapeutically approach. The situation is much more complex for them due to the functional immaturity of the digestive tract, to the anatomic immaturity of the Hiss lower esophageal sphincter and to the lower gastric acidity. In infants, the low compliance with the laborious procedures such as pH-metry, impedance – pH-metry and digestive endoscopy is also considered. The border between regurgitations, physiological gastroesophageal reflux and the reflux disease is sometimes hard to establish. Changing the life style of infants (feeding and position changes) based on the mother’s compliance with the medical recommendations is a first step in the treatment of GER, followed in non-responsive cases by pharmacological therapy and surgery.
MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION AND STUDY OF CONTROL STABILITY OF THE CHEMICAL-ENGINEERING PROCESSES IN INDUSTRY
Authors: Abitova G
Published: July 2021

In this work is consider study and analysis of dynamic system for simulation of the technological process under uncertainty and complexity. To study and simulate a complicated technology process we carry out for consideration the technology of the process of roasting in fluidized bed furnaces of polymetallic sulphide ores. The choice is justified by the fact that, operation line producing of polymetallic sulphide ores represents a complex process, is characterized by a big number of transient processes, presence of process variables and deviations from technical regimes. To study process characteristics of any system functioning by means of mathematical methods the process should be formalized. This means, that adequate mathematical model needs to be developed. The choice of mathematical model depends a lot upon the features of the object and its controllability as well as of technological scheme and complexity of processes. Chemical engineering processes are complicated physical and chemical systems. Substance flows, which are part of these systems, are, as a rule, multicomponent. Therefore, for the purpose of study and qualitative control over chemical-engineering processes it is essential to apply the method of mathematic simulation, based on system analysis strategy, analysis of its structure, mathematical formulation development and evaluation of unknown parameters. Controllability means that such system attribute as having control actions, which make it possible to transfer the system from a pre-set initial state to the required condition during finite quantum of time. Therefore, the developed mathematical model of the process or control object should be controllable and stability.
Reordenamento dos serviços de acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes e implementação de novas modalidades : família acolhedora e repúblicas (2010-2018)
Authors:   Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea)
Published: July 2021

Este relatório tem como objetivo analisar a situação atual e a trajetória dos serviços socioassistenciais de acolhimento voltados para crianças e adolescentes e para os jovens que atingem a maioridade nesses serviços. Os serviços de acolhimento institucional (SAIs), família acolhedora e de repúblicas são ofertados, financiados, regulados e executados no âmbito da política de assistência social. Os dois primeiros atendem a crianças e adolescentes que tiveram direitos ameaçados ou violados e que estão sob medida protetiva de acolhimento, aplicada por autoridade judiciária1 em casos nos quais as famílias/ responsáveis se encontrem temporariamente impossibilitados de cumprir sua função de cuidado e proteção. O serviço de repúblicas, por sua vez, abrange grupos de jovens que foram desligados dos serviços de acolhimento por terem alcançado a maioridade.
Leadership and management training need assessment of health manager in vietnam in 2016
Authors:   Hanoi University of Public Health, Le Bao Chau , Phan Van Tuong , Nguyen Minh Hoang
Published: July 2021

Objective: Assess the leadership and management training need of health manager nation-wide based on the core competency framework. Method: The study applied cross-sectional research method. Data was collected from health manager by self-administration questionnaires. Data collection was carried out in 2016 in in person in 7 provices representatives for 7 ecological areas of Vietnam. Data from other provinces was collected via mail and email. Results: Findings from 1749 respondents in the study showed the pretty low level of leadership and management competency of health manager, the proportion of health manager selt-evaluated have enough competency to perform their work was roughly 20%. Leadership and management capacity of director board was higher than middle level manager. There was no statistical difference on the leadership and management competency of staff at district and provincial/central level. More than 65% study participants expressed high demand of training for all 14 leadership and management core competencies. Conclusion: It is essential to develop and provide leadership and management training for health manager in the whole system. However, the programs also needs to be tailoired to be appropriate with the different need of different group of health manager. Key words: training need, competency, leadership and management.
Direct medical cost of acute stroke a Nhan Dan Gia Dinh hospital in 2020 and some influencing factors
Authors:   Hanoi University of Public Health, Nguyen Quynh , Vo Van Tan
Published: July 2021

Objective : Describe the direct medical cost of acute stroke a Nhan Dan Gia Dinh hospital in 2020 and some influencing factors. Methods: Design of cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted two steps: quantitative research to describe the direct medical cost of acute stroke with the patient's medical records and hospital discharge payment slip: cerebral infarction stroke and cerebral hemorrhagic stroke from 3/2020 to 10/2020. And qualitative research analyzes factors affecting direct medical cost of acute stroke: hospital managers, doctor and nurse, the patients. Main findings: The study performed a sample size of 249 and results: Direct medical cost for treatment of ischemic stroke: 13.260.620 VND, treatment of ischemic stroke with alteplase: 21.026.494 VND, treatment of ischemic stroke with alteplase and mechanical thrombectomy: 120.521.658 VND, treatment of ischemic stroke with mechanical thrombectomy: 73.979.558 VND, treatment of ischemic stroke without revascularization: 5,250,087 VND, treatment of hemorrhagic stroke: 6,305,926 VND. Influencing factors include: age, type of stroke, treatment, length of stay in the intensive care unit, and length of stay. Conclusions: Our study evaluated economic burden of stroke which had significant consequences for patients and society. This study provided evidences for decision makers to implement healthcare policies for stroke prevention and management to reduce the economic burden of stroke in Vietnam. Keywords: direct medical cost, acute stroke, stroke subtypes, length of stay, treatment
The methods of community-based organizations (cbos) in HIV prevention and support services in Vietnam during the social distancing caused by the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Center for Creative Intiniative in Health and Population, Le Thu Giang , Dinh Phuong Nga , Hoang Cam Hang , Bui Thi Ngoc Diep , Nguyen Hoang Bao Ngoc , Pham Thi Tuoi , Nguyen Ngoc Son , Cao Van Minh , Dang Quoc Phong
Published: July 2021

Objective: To explore the methods of community-based organizations (CBOs) in HIV prevention and support services in Vietnam during the social distancing caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Qualitative research method, in-depth interview with 20 CBO representatives in 10 provinces and cities of Vietnam. Result: CBOs have changed forms of communication, counseling offline on HIV prevention to media, online counseling through Blued, Grindr, and social networks such as Facebook, Zalo. Some CBOs provide HIV prevention items by making appointments for clients in a familiar location, while at the same time following COVID-19 disease prevention regulations. Strengthening the connection of CBO representatives to private clinics and local HIV prevention centers contributes to the timely delivery of medicines to customers. Conclusion: The methods of transforming service delivery to online, connecting CBOs, between CBOs and private clinics, local HIV prevention centers, and HIV prevention departments is essential to respond meet the needs of customers during a social distancing caused by COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19, a community-based organization, HIV prevention and treatment support services.
Compliance with regulations on recording inpatient obstetric medical records and its influencing factors at Tra Vinh obstetrics and pediatrics hospital in 2020
Authors:   Tra Vinh obstetrics and pediatrics hospital, Tran Thi Tra Mi , Tran Thi Hong
Published: July 2021

Background: Medical records are one of the important contents to ensure the monitoring, management of medical examination and treatment, storing and searching patient information, and scientific research. Objects and research methods: Cross descriptive research design with actual sample size of 255 HSBA. Results: The content of the general information section reached the lowest rate in the content of the administrative section of 83.9%. Other contents in this section have the rate of 90.9% - 99.8%. The average rate of general information is 92.9%. Contents of the medical history section, the proportion of satisfactory contents such as the reason for admission to the hospital (99.6%), the questioning part (96.3%) and the medical examination were quite high (97.8%), content of monitoring at the delivery chamber was only 73.7%. The average percentage of medical records meeting the requirements of the medical record part is 91.9%. Content inside medical records: The average rate is 91.1%. Conclusion: The medical records which have 85% to <100% of corrected items accounts for 98.1%. There should be specific instructions on how to record medical records at Tra Vinh Obstetrics and Pediatrics hospital Keywords: Medical record, completeness, timeliness
Situation and some factors affecting of medical devices management in Tieu Can Regional hospital, Tra Vinh province, 2020
Authors:   Hanoi University of Public Health, Vo Tuan Ngoc
Published: July 2021

Objectives: This study has two objectives as the follows: to describe the management situation Medical devices and some factors affecting of medical devices management in Tiêu Cân regional hospital, Tra Vinh province, 2020. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, combining quantitative and qualitative method. Quantitative data was conducted via self-administered questionnaire among 50 Staff directly managing, using medical devices and 68 medical device records. Qualitative data was collected from 06 in-dept interviews and 07 focus groups discussion. Main findings: Medical equipment invested very little by the hospital (7.4%), low frequency of use of equipment accounted for 51.5%, unused equipment accounted for 23.5%, this showed low investment efficiency. Dossiers of incomplete equipment, mainly lack of operational logs and documents for maintenance and repair, medical equipment with certificates of use accounted for 98.5%, all equipment is built using procedures, operating procedures but inspection and inspection are only carried out periodically and incompletely , post-repair inspections have not been carried out. Equipment maintenance costs are low; information systems and human resources for maintenance and repair have not met the requirements. Hospital need to regularly check and supervise, especially the situation management in departments, to have plans for timely maintenance, repair, procurement, well management of the hospital's revenues and staffing. a specialized set of medical equipment techniques to contribute to improving the quality of medical examination and treatment Key words: Medical devices, influenced factor, Tiêu Cân regional hospital, Tra Vinh province.