bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Influence of Rheological Properties on the Printing Quality of Ink
Authors: Jia Xiao Xue , Huang Bei Qing , Wei Xian Fu
Published: July 2011

Design the formula of UV waterless offset ink, through changing the content of padding, different ink samples that with different rheological properties were made. Proof with the IGT printability tester, and the printing qualities of inks were tested. The influence of rheological properties on the printing quality of ink was analysis. The results show that the rheological properties influence the printing quality directly. The higher the viscosity of ink is, the bigger the thixotropy is, and the smaller the fluidity is. The solid density, gloss, ink-transfer rates and dot gain of the printed matter decrease with the increase of ink’s yield value.
Electronic Structure of CdSe/CdXZn1-XS Core/Shell Quantum Dots
Authors: Jia Guo Zhi , Wang Yun Feng , Yao Jiang Hong
Published: July 2011

The electronic structures of CdSe/CdxZn1-xS core/shell quantum dots are investigated systematically using the effective-mass approximation method. The calculated results have shown that both of the electron and hole are completely localized at the range of core, which can be ascribed to the large energy band offset in valence band and conduction band. The carriers appear in the region of core or shell, which mainly depend on the competition between the kinetic energy and the potential energy in the heterostrucuture QDs. The transition energies can be widely tuned by the changing the structure parameters.
Mechanical and Tribological Properties of PTW/PTFE/PPS/PES Composites
Authors: Long Chun Guang , Li Rong Feng , Su Yang , Hua Man Yu , Cao Tai Shan , Xie Wei , Yu Xiao Feng
Published: July 2011

Poly（phenylene-sulfide）/ Poly（ether-sulfone） polymer composites (coded as PPS/PES) reinforced by Potassium Titanate Whisker(PTW) and Polytetraﬂuoroethylene (PTFE) were prepared by compression molding. The effect of the filler on the mechanical and tribological properties of the PPS/PES composites was investigated, based on the evaluation of the composites’ properties and examination of the worn surfaces by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that the incorporation of the PTW contributed to greatly increase the impact strength，tensile strength，and bending strength of the composites, and apparently improve its tribological performance. The composite had a best synthetical performance when the PTW content was about 20wt. %. The wear mechanism of the composites，which could be closely related to the content of PTW, gradually changed from adhesive wear to particle abrasion with the addition of PTW.
Lu1.8Y0.2SiO5:Ce and LaCl3:Ce Scintillators for Gamma-Ray Detection
Authors: CHEWPRADITKUL WEERAPONG , Wanarak Chalerm , Moszynski Marek , Szczesniak Tomasz , Swiderski Lukasz
Published: July 2011

The scintillation properties of Lu1.8Y0.2SiO5:Ce (LYSO:Ce) and LaCl3:Ce scintillators were studied under g-ray excitation. For 662 keV g-rays (137Cs source), energy resolution of 4.5% obtained for LaCl3:Ce coupled to XP5200B PMT is much better than that of 8.2% for LYSO:Ce. The estimated photofraction of 26.1% at 662 keV for LYSO:Ce is higher than that of 15.7 % for LaCl3:Ce. The non-proportionality of the light yield and energy resolution versus g-ray energy were measured and the intrinsic resolution of the crystals was calculated. The coincidence timing resolution, obtained in this work for 511 keV annihilation quanta, was 222 and 229 ps, respectively, for LYSO:Ce – and LaCl3:Ce – based detectors in coincidence with a BaF2 detector.
Capacitive Performance of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Zhou Jin , Zhuo Shu Ping
Published: July 2011

Ordered mesoporous carbons (BOMC) were prepared by doping boric acid using a hard-templating method, while a CMK-3 carbon (OMC) was also prepared for comparison. The capacitive performance of these two carbons was investigated in ionic liquid of EMImBF4 and EMImTSFI. As demonstrated by the structure analysis, BOMC possesses almost same surface area and pore size as OMC, while the former carbon possesses higher content of oxygen-containing groups. In ionic liquid electrolyte, the carbons mainly show typical electric double layer capacitance, and the capacitance retention ratio and ion diffusion of electrolyte is determined to the surface chemical property. BOMC present visible pseudo-capacitance due to the oxygenated groups in hydrophilic EMImBF4, while no visible pseudo-capacitive behavior was observed in hydrophobic EMImTSFI.
Sol-Gel Synthesized Fe-P-O Catalyst for the Benzylation of Benzene with Benzyl Chloride
Authors: Lin Tao , Zhang Xin , Li Rong , Zhang Gui Quan , Bai Ting
Published: July 2011

Three Fe-P-O catalysts were prepared by different methods. The as-prepared catalysts were comparatively characterized by N2 isothermal adsorption-desorption, XRD, SEM and Py-IR techniques. The reactivity of these catalysts was tested in the benzylation of benzene with benzyl chloride. So-gel prepared Fe-P-O catalyst showed the highest activity among these catalysts and could keep high reactivity even after six reactions cycled because it is not only the large-surface-area superfine particle but also has a large amount of weak and medium Lewis acid sites.
Analyses of Transmission Characteristics of a Magneto-Optic Material Used for Faraday Optical Filters at 532nm
Authors: Peng Yu Feng , Zhang Wen Jin
Published: July 2011

In this paper, the transmission characteristics of rubidium excited state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filters at 532nm for a practical and important wavelength are analyzed and discussed. A weak magnetic field method is employed to calculate the transmission characteristics versus external magnetic field, laser pump power, cell temperature and cell length for natural Rb, 85Rb and 87Rb atomic vapors, respectively. The theoretical results show that the transmission property of 85Rb atomic vapor is superior to that of Rb, 87Rb atomic vapors in the weak magnetic field, which makes it more suitable for the magneto-optic filtering material of Faraday optical filters by comparison with natural Rb atomic vapor.
Investigation of Microemulsion System for Transdermal Delivery of Matrine
Authors: Wei Hong , Fu Zheng , Mu Jie , Guo Rui Chen
Published: July 2011

A new O/W microemulsion system for transdermal matrine delivery was developed in order to provide clinical medication of matrine with a more convenient,reasonable and effective new form.Various factors were investigated including solubility of matrine,the skin permeability of matrine in various components, and the compatibility among surfactants, cosurfactants and oils, aiming to choose suitable surfactants, cosurfactants and oils.The pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to determine the concentration ratio of components in the microemulsion. The formulation of microemulsion was optimized by using the simplex lattice method.The optimum formulation with the highest skin permeation rate (1239.56 μg /cm2/h) consisted of 7.2% matrine,4.5% ethyl oleate- ethyl butyrate(4:1), 23 % EL-OP(1:1) ,15 % PEG-400 and water.
Synthesis and Properties of 1,4-Bis(2'-Aryl-1',3',4'-Oxadiazole)-1,3-Butadiene and its Analogues
Authors: Qian Yi Ping , Zhang Xiong Lu , Li Yuan Yan , Fan Xiao Lin
Published: July 2011

1,3,4-oxadiazole (OXD) and its derivatives have excellent thermal stability and oxidation resistance and strong blue fluorescence emission. Six novel compounds have been designed and synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by 1HNMR, FT-IR and MS. Their UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy data were studied. The UV-Vis absorption results showed that the maximum absorption wavelength appeared at 335-355 nm. and fluorescence spectroscopy results showed that they emit strong purple fluorescence in DMF solution. The electrochemical properties Show that electron affinity (EA) of these compounds show their electronic transmissions more transfer than commonly used electron transport material PBD (EA = 2.82eV).
A Lead Free Graphite Conducting Paste for Screen Printing
Authors: Luo Shi Yong , Chen Juan , Xu Wen Cai , Huo Li Xia , Zhao Jun Yan
Published: July 2011

A lead free graphite conducting pastes were prepared by using graphite powder, lead free low-melting glass and terpineol ethyl cellulose solution. By analyzing the sheet resistance, Vickers hardness as well as the adhesion strength of the sintered film prepared by the pastes formulated with different composition, the composition of the paste with preferable properties was evaluated as in mass percent: organic vehicle 60, graphite powder 15~20, and low melting glass 20~25. The films, prepared by the pastes using the lead free glass with a glass transition temperature of 476°C, were perfectly flat and compact after fired at a peak temperature within the range from 520°C to 580°C. The sheet resistance of the fired film with glass content of 25wt% was 135Ω/mm2 when the thickness of the film was 25±3μm, while the Vickers hardness and the binder force between the sintered film and the substrate were favorable. In addition, the rheological behaviors of the typical paste were characterized by using an ARES (RFS-III) rheometer. It is found that a weak flocculated network structure is formed in the paste for the high solid filler.
Investigation of V Residence in Sr2(Fe1-XVX)MoO6 Compounds
Authors: Zhang Qin , Xu Zhen Feng , Sun Zhen Cui , Wang Ke Yan
Published: July 2011

Crystal structure and magnetic properties of the double perovskite compounds Sr2(Fe1-xVx)MoO6 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) have been investigated in this work. Rietveld refinement of the crystal structure shows that the cation ordering decrease monotonously with the V content. Magnetic measurement shows that saturation magnetization of the compounds decrease with increasing x due to the reduced degree of ordering. Analysis of saturation magnetization based on the ferrimagnetic model (FIM) indicates that the V atoms in Sr2(Fe1-xVx)MoO6 selectively occupy the Mo sites instead of Fe sites.
Mn3+ Ion Co-Doped in Y3Al5O12Ce3+ Phosphor to Enhance the Red Spectral Emission
Authors: Zhao Yin Sheng , Yang Hai Long , Wang Jing , Zhong Jia Song , Xiang Wei Dong , Dong Yong Jun
Published: July 2011

Mn3+ ions doped in YAG:Ce phosphors as a co-activator and host lattice element by co-precipitation method, which have enlarged the emission spectral of pure YAG:Ce phosphor in the emission spectral, caused by 5T2-5E and 5T2-1T2 transition. Respectively, the manganese co-doped yttrium aluminum garnet doped cerium blended with YAG:Ce phosphor would show an improved white light emission.
Research on Photoluminescence Characteristics of the Active Cl-Doped ZnS
Authors: Zhang Hua , Liu Jun Cheng , Li Jiao
Published: July 2011

A active Cl-doping for photoluminescent ZnS powder has been carried out by thermal decomposed AlCl3·6H2O in a quartz tube. Room temperature photoluminescence of the Cl-doped ZnS powder has been investigated using a photoluminescence spectrometer with 365 nm excitation wave length. A strong blue photoluminescence with maximum peak about 450 nm and green photoluminescence with maximum peak about 500 nm can be observed if the doping temperature in range of 800 ~ 900 °C and 1100 ~1200 °C, respectively. The structural characterizations of the Cl-doped ZnS powders were performed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the mechanism of photoluminescence was preliminarily discussed.
Chiral Liquid Crystal Polymers Containing Electron Donor- Acceptor Action-Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: He Xiao Zhi , Tian Mei , Chen Yang , Zhao Jing , Zhang Bao Yan
Published: July 2011

A series of new chiral side-chain liquid crystalline polymers with electron donor-acceptor action were prepared containing chiral monomer with donor group and nematic LC monomer with acceptor group. All polymers were synthesized by graft polymerization using polymethylhydro- siloxane as backbone. The mesomorphic properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), polarizing optical microscopy(POM)，thermogravimetric analyses（TGA） and X-ray diffraction measurements(XRD). The chemical structures of monomers and polymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra(1H NMR and 13CNMR). M1 showed nematic phase and M2 turned out cholesteric phase on heating and cooling cycle. Polymers P3~P8 were cholesteric phase. Experimental results demonstrated that the glass transition temperatures and isotropization temperatures and the ranges of the mesophase temperature increased with increasing the content of chiral agent. All of the obtained polymers showed high thermal stability.
Structures and Electronic Spectroscopy of Rhodium-Based Complexes: a Theoretical Study on Promising Optical Materials
Authors: Guo Yuan Ru , Pan Qing Jiang
Published: July 2011

A series of rhodium-based complexes were explored theoretically to understand their application in optical materials and potential photocatalytic activity. Better structural description of [RhAu(CNH)2(PH2CH2PH2)2]2+ (1) were achieved with the ab initio MP2, XαVWN, and SVWN methods. To fine-tune the electronic spectroscopy, two analogues of 1 were taken into account by varying its Au metal center and bridging bidentate ligand. The experimental spectra were well reproduced by our TD-DFT calculations. It was shown that the lowest-energy absorption of homobimetallic Rh-Rh complex occurs in lower-energy region than those of heterobimetallic Rh-Au complexes.
Reduced-Pressure Melts Growth of the Vacuum Ultraviolet Double Frequency Crystal KBe2BO3F2 (KBBF)
Authors: Wang Wen Li , Wang Kuai She , Wang Wen
Published: July 2011

A reduced-pressure melts growth method was first presented to grow the vacuum ultraviolet double frequency crystal KBe2BO3F2 (KBBF). The bulk KBBF crystal, with a dimension of about 11mm×10mm×5mm, has been grown successfully, and the grown crystal exhibits a high optical homogeneity except for the seed zone. The optical transmittance spectrum of the grown KBBF crystal was measured and it indicated that the high-frequency absorption edge is observed at 160nm, the transmittance is up to about 70% between 250nm and 400nm. The results show that the reduced-pressure melts growth is a promising growth method for bulk KBBF crystal and the grown KBBF crystal is possible for applying as a frequency-doubling device for the vacuum ultraviolet region.
A New Structure of the 2D Photonic Crystal Microcavities with Hexagonal Lattice
Authors: Wang Zi Qiang , Cao Wen Bin , Huang Jia Yuan
Published: July 2011

A new 2D photonic crystal microcavity is proposed based on the localized modulation and the model match technique. Structure of the new PC cavity is characterized in that several scatters are introduced into the edges of the L3 microcavities. The local field modulation method is applied in the new PC microcavity to optimize the cavity structure, and the quality factor Q and transmission T can be both improved after modulation. During the modulation process, Q and T of the new PC cavity represent an identical variation trend. The Q and T of the optimized PC cavity, with the simulation parameters confined in our work, reach to 240000 and 0.68 respectively.
Composition and Properties of Phosphate Cement
Authors: Tong Yan , Long Sha , Wang Zhong Fu , Xu Xiao Ming , Long An Hou
Published: July 2011

The composition and properties of phosphate cement, the requirement of its materials needed are discussed. Its compositional materials are heavy burnt magnesia and polyphosphatic solution. The effect of features, the amount of magnesium oxide and phosphate on the cement properties are described. It can be used in large fabrication repairing and in industrial waste disposal.
TiAl Alloy Spark Plasma Sintered from Mechanically Activated Powders
Authors: Wang Zhi Wei , Chen Jun
Published: July 2011

Powder of Ti-46at%Al alloy was synthesized through mechanical activation (MA) and then sintered and concurrently consolidated in a short sintering time of 900 s by using spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. The XRD and SEM profiles show that the microstructures of TiAl alloys contained γ TiAl and small amount α-2 Ti3Al phase, whose amount can be controlled by the sintering temperature. The compacts retained the original fine-grained fully densified bodies by avoiding an excessively high sintering temperature. The alloys sintered at higher temperature with this process showed a coarser microstructure. So it is possible to produce dense nanostructured TiAl alloys by mechanically activated spark plasma sintering (MASPS) within a very short period of time.
Analysis of Microstructure of Phosphate Cement
Authors: Long Sha , Tong Yan , Shen Fu Xuan , Ai Hong Ke , Long An Hou
Published: July 2011

The mechanism for phosphate cement hydraulic reaction is determined. The microscopic process is described by means of scanning electronic microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis,infrared spectrophotometry and differential heat analysis. The results show the three main phases are present, i.e. hydromagnesium phosphates, Mg (OH)2 and MgO phase. The type, structure, and amount of every phase play an important role in phosphate cement properties. Hydromagnesium phosphate phase structure has a close relation to phosphate cement setting and hardening. The development of strength has much to do with the formed crystalline directing.
Study on Removal Arsenic from Iron Ore with Arsenic in Sintering Process
Authors: Lu Qing , Zhang Shu Hui , Hu Xiao
Published: July 2011

The physicochemical properties of iron ore with arsenic in South of China was analyzed by chemical analysis, XRD, high power microscope. The effects of various factors on arsenic removal in sintering process were studied and the optimal technique parameters were obtained. The results show that the mineral of iron ore with arsenic in South of China mainly is composed of magnetite and gangue, in which arsenic with 0.282% mass content exists as FeAsS and few as As2S3. The oxidation and thermal decomposition reaction of FeAsS occurs in sintering process. Under feeble oxidation atmosphere the arsenic removal rate of iron ore along with reaction temperature increases, and the holding time elongates, or the coke powder content rises. The optimal removal arsenic process parameter is: reaction temperature 1050~1100°C, holding time 8~15min, and coke powder content 6%.
Friction and Wear Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites
Authors: Li Jian , Cai Chi Lan
Published: July 2011

The friction and wear properties of carbon fibers (CF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite were studied. The influences of the fiber volume fraction, load applied, rotating speed, and wear mechanism were discussed. The results indicated that CF/PP composite had better tribological properties than pure PP. The friction coefficient and wear mass loss decreased with the fiber volume fraction increased, but increased as the load and rotating speed increased, respectively. CF reduced direct contact between the matrix and counterpart and improved the wear resistance of CF/PP composite greatly. The wear displayed a linear evolution in all the range of load. Surfaces after wear tests were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Preparation of Nano Ti3SiC2/MoSi2 Composite by SPS Process
Authors: Zhang Jun Cai , Jia Cheng Chang
Published: July 2011

In this paper, nano-Ti3SiC2/MoSi2 composite, whose second phase was 20-150nm, was in situ prepared by mechanical activation (MA) and SPS process with the quaternary powers of Mo, Si, Ti, and C. The results showed that: (1) matrix MoSi2 has strong repulsion to other elements, which leads to more second-phase particles inside the matrix rather than on the matrix surface; (2) matrix MoSi2 has strong restriction on the growing of the second phase, which makes the particle diameter of the second phase inside the matrix only in 200 nm around, while that over the surface reaches to 800 nm around.
Effect of Molar Ratio of MgO/Al2O3 on the Performance of MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3 Composite
Authors: Cai Yan Qing , Wang Zhi Fa , Yu Li Xue , Bu Jing Long , Wang Rong Lin , Wang Rui Sheng
Published: July 2011

The MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3 composite was prepared at 1600°C for 3h with magnesia powder and alumina powder as raw materials and with ferric oxide powder as additive. The effect of the molar ratio of MgO/Al2O3 on the sintering and thermal shock resistance of the composite materials was studied. The results showed that increasing the molar ratio of MgO/Al2O3 could improve the densification of the Al2O3-Fe2O3 composites, with the molar ratio of MgO/Al2O3 increased from 3 to 5, densification of the composites didn't increased but decreased. The optimum molar ratio of MgO/Al2O3 of the Al2O3-Fe2O3 composite is equal to 3, the sample MA-3 exhibits better sintering densification and thermal shock resistance. Its primary crystal phases are spinel and periclase, and less amount of sosoloid 20MgO·19Al2O3·Fe2O3. So, the MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3 composite is acceptable for application in cement rotary kiln linings and high temperature gas filter support.
Preparation and Application Performance Study of High Purity Montmorillonite
Authors: Qiu Jun , Liu Xiao Dong , Lu Xian Jun , Wang Gui Fang
Published: July 2011

In order to research the colloidal and thixotropic performance of the inorganic gel prepared by high purity montmorillonite, this study uses the moderate grade bentonite ores from Weifang (China) as raw material. Two-stage hydrocyclone classification was applied to obtain the high purity montmorillonite with its content of 94.8 per cent. In contrast to other methods of montmorillonite purification, two-stage purification by hydroclone has the advantages of larger throughput and easily achieving auto-control in industry, and products with different montmorillonite content can be obtained by this method. And then the inorganic gel was prepared by the prepared high purity montmorillonite , its colloidal and thixotropic performances were further studies. Research results show that the inorganic gel belongs to plastic body liquidity, the viscosity decreases with the increase of the shear rate, the static and dynamic shearing stress values are 33.98 Pa and 91.89 Pa respectively, and the thixotropic value is 95.2 dyne·s/cm2, which indicates that it has preferable colloidal and thixotropic performance. Montmorillonite inorganic gel prepared by bentonite with high montmorillonite content and low- layer charge has better gel performance. The application result of inorganic gel in dentifrice and medicine shows that it has excellent effect.
Investigation on Denitrogenation Technology and Mechanism during VIM Refining Ni-Base Superalloy
Authors: Niu Jian Ping , Hu Zhuang Qi
Published: July 2011

The denitrogenation technology and mechanism of a new kind of Ni-base superalloy during vacuum induction melting (VIM) were studied. The nitrogen content could be reduced from 0.0005% to 0.0002% by this technology. The calculated interaction coefficient of Ti with N () is about -0.38, and the activity coefficient of N () is 0.714. The denitrogenation mechanism was discussed through the calculation of the reaction ratio constants and .
Design for a Type of Vertical Rotary and Adjustable Magnetorheological Rheometer
Authors: Wang Hai Xia
Published: July 2011

Working model and the structure in common use for Magneto-Rheological rheometer was investigated based on the former investigation. Then the parallel plate structure under shearing mode was selected. Theoretical calculation for the measurable parameters of Magnetorheological Rheometer was discussed. The drawings for the parts and assemblage of the Magnetorheological Rheometer were devised. And finally the explanation for the Magnetorheological Rheometer was provided.
Fault Diagnosis to a Rolling Bearing in a Blowing Machine Based on the Theories of EMD and Intrinsic Modal Energy Entropy
Authors: Liu Hai Lan , Li Xiao Ping , Rui Yan Nian
Published: July 2011

Based on the research of the theory and the experiment of EMD and Intrinsic Modal Energy Entropy，the vibration signal of a rolling bearing in a Blowing Machine of a certain factory was measured when working. Then the signal was decomposed by EMD, its Intrinsic Modal Energy Entropy was calculated and used as fault feature. Finally, using a Support Vector Classification System, a satisfied effect of fault diagnosis of a rolling bearing in a Blowing Machine was got. The experiment had confirmed that the method was advanced, reliable and practical. A new method was provided for fault diagnosis of rolling bearings in some Blowing Machines.
3rd Degree Mathematical Model Appropriate for Parametric Estimation of SAW Process
Authors: Ghosh Aniruddha , Singh N.K. , Chattopadhyaya Somnath
Published: July 2011

An attempt has been made in this paper to develop a appropriate model for predicting the output responses of Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) process with the help of neural network technique. Also a mathematical model has been developed to study the effects of input variable (i.e. current, voltage, travel speed) on output responses (i.e. reinforcement height, weld bead width, metal deposition rate). SAW process has been chosen for this application because of the complex set of variables involved in the process as well as its significant application in the manufacturing of critical equipments which have a lot of economic and social implications. Under this study the neural network model is trained according to the actual inputs and outputs. When the training is completed then the desired inputs are given to the model and it gives the estimated output value. And according to this we can also estimate the error between the actual and predicted results. Side by side accurecy of mathematical model has been checked.
Prediction of Temperature Distribution on Submerged Arc Welded Plates through Gaussian Heat Distribution Technique
Authors: Ghosh Aniruddha , Chattopadhyaya Somnath
Published: July 2011

Submerged Arc Welding process (SAW) is a high quality, very high deposition rate welding process. It has lot of social and economical implecations.This paper makes an attempt to uncover an important area on studies of temperature distribution during submerged arc welding because this may pave the way for application of microstructure modeling, thermal stress analysis, residual stress/distribution and welding process simulation. Prediction of temperature variation of entire plates during welding through an analytical solution is derived from the transient multi dimensional heat conduction of semi infinite plate. The heat input that is applied on the plate is exactly same amount of heat lost for electric arc, which is assumed to be a moving double conical heat source with Gaussian distribution for Submerged Arc Welding process. Good agreement between predicted and experimental results has been achieved.
Prediction of HAZ Width of Submerged Arc Welded Plates
Authors: Ghosh Aniruddha , Chattopadhyaya Somnath
Published: July 2011

This paper is focused on deriving an analytical solution to predict the transient temperature distribution on the plate during the process of Submerged Arc Welding (SAW). An analytical solution is derived from the transient three-dimensional heat conduction equation. The energy input that is applied on the plate is taken as the volume of heat lost from the electric arc. The electric arc is assumed to be a moving double-ellipsoidal heat source with a close proximity to a Gaussian distribution. It is observed that the predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental results. HAZ width calculation is also done with the help of the analytical solution of the transient-three dimensional heat conduction equation. Very good agreement between predicted and experimental values has been archived.
Fracturing Mechanism of Marine Gas Hydrate with Vibration and Model of Experimental Device
Authors: Zhang Zhen Guo , Shi Guo Yuan , Zhang Ying , Gao Lian Feng , Liu Chang Shui , Zhang Peng
Published: July 2011

Marine gas hydrate is a new energy in the 21st century with the huge amount of resources and cleaning. But its decomposition and the release can lead to decrease the stability of seabed, causing submarine landslide. And its overflowed can intensify the greenhouse effect, interaction between which can lead to more serious ecological and environmental disasters. All of the exploitation technologies, such as depressurization, thermal methods, chemical injection method, CO2 replacement method, and fluorine gas+microwave method, are limitations in controlling of the decomposed rates and decomposed range. The research based on the marine gas hydrate decomposition caused by vibration, by adjusting the excitation intensity, frequency, and amplitude. Different local oscillator strength applied on the occurrence of gas hydrate layer. Gas hydrate stable state changed in mining region, prompting the gas hydrate conversing from the sediments. Model of the experiment is made for simulations on the decomposition of gas hydrate. This method has a good controllability for the region and the process of mining, avoiding geological disasters and environmental issues in the seabed caused by the mining process.
The Study of Projectile Penetration into Aluminum Armor Plate
Authors: Liu Wen Hui , Hu Zhong Ju , Ye Ling Ying , Liu Ying Feng
Published: July 2011

The experiments of certain aluminum alloy plate penetrated by 7.62mm armor piercing projectile were carried out, then a penetration model of aluminum alloy plate impacted by 7.62mm projectile was created by using ABAQUS software and Johnson-Cook constitutive equation, and the distribution of stress during penetration process was analyzed. Experimental and simulation results show that the penetration model can simulate the shape and depth of crater, and the outputs of stress and strain during penetration process can provide basis of the formation mechanism of adiabatic shear bands for aluminum alloys.
Properties of PANI-PVA Composite Film
Authors: Wang Xiao Hua , Nie Ming
Published: July 2011

The polyaniline(PANI)-poly(vinyl alcoho1)(PVA) composite film doped with HC1 was prepared with PVA as matrix. Effects of PVA content, film drying temperature on properties of PANI-PVA composite film were studied. Tensile strength, elasticity, conductivity and thermal stability of PVA, HC1-PANI or PANI-PVA were compared. Tensile strength and elasticity of PVA film were the largest, its conductivity was the least. The conductivity of PANI-PVA was the largest, tensile strength and elasticity of PANI-PVA are bigger than those of HC1-PANI. The order of their thermal stability is PVA> HC1-PANI > PANI-PVA before 260°C, the order of their thermal stability is HC1-PANI>PANI-PVA> PVA after 260°C.
Micro-Structure and Rheological Properties of HIPS Matrix Composites Filled with Magnesium Hydroxide Whisker Modified with Styrene via In Situ Polymerization
Authors: Xu Li Li , Liu Sheng Peng
Published: July 2011

The magnesium hydroxide (MH) whiskers were modified with 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (γ-MPS) followed by in situ copolymerization of styrene. The high impact polystyrene (HIPS)/MH composites were prepared by melt compounding of HIPS with untreated MH whiskers and modified MH whiskers (MMH), respectively. Their morphological structure and rheological properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and capillary rheometer. The results show that the HIPS/MH composites are a shear-thinning non-Newtonian, its apparent viscosities are bigger than those of the HIPS melt. With increasing MH loading, apparent viscosity of HIPS/MH composites increase. The PS encapsulated on MH whiskers surface enhanced the interface adhesion between inorganic particles and HIPS matrix and improved the flow abilities of the HIPS/MH composites melts.
Neural Network Based On the Improved Genetic Algorithm to Optimize Component Separation Conditions of Small Peptide
Authors: Tian Jing Wen , Wu Feng Jun , Chen Hui , Ren Jing Di
Published: July 2011

Reference to traditional optimization methods, neural network based on improved genetic algorithm is used in optimization of reversed phase chromatography pluralistic isocratic mobile phase separation conditions. With detailing the combination of the improved genetic algorithm and neural network theory, the optimization process for the liquid chromatography conditions is introduced in details. Used this method to small peptide RP chromatography optimization, after searching operation, the establishment of an effective separation of forecast model receives satisfactory predictive value, which can prove that this method can be used in optimization of drug liquid chromatography conditions.
Implementation of Crack Problem of Functionally Graded Materials with ABAQUSTM
Authors: Zhou Hong Liang
Published: July 2011

An implementation method of the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) for fracture problems of non-homogeneous materials such as functionally graded materials (FGMs) with commercial finite element software ABAQUSTM is introduced in this paper. In order to avoid the complex post proceeding to extract fracture parameters, the interface crack element based on the VCCT is developed. The heterogeneity of FGMs is characterized though user subroutine UMAT and the interface crack element is implemented by user subroutine UEL. Several examples are analyzed to demonstrate the accuracy of the present method.
Analysis of Numerical Simulation for Seismic Performance of MMCs
Authors: Gao Hui Ting , Xu Li Na , Meng Song He , Cao Zhan Yi
Published: July 2011

Earthquake damage of MMCs simulated by computer is a very valuable area. It can do large, prototype, repeated and destructive simulation. The failure process of the material and structural can be analyzed .The process of numerical simulation of Fe / Zn MMCs is first described in this paper.
The Mechanical Properties of Epoxy/ Fiber Composites Influenced by Ageing Effects on Coatings
Authors: Xu Li Wei , Huang Yu Dong , Liu Li
Published: July 2011

The stability of the coating is investigated. For the hydrothermal ageing, the result of ageing of glass fiber compatible to resin with ageing of coating, it is obvious to find out that the effect of ageing of glass fiber/resin composite to IFSS is more than ageing of coating. The composites have more depressed. When the coating degraded completely, the IFSS is near to the value of bare glass fiber. Ageing in the different time with different temperature showed that ageing of micro-composite was dependent on this compatible matrix. However, ageing of coating was dependent on its structure.
Preparation and Damping property Study of Styrene-Acrylic IPN/Mt Nano-composite Material
Authors: Hu Bo , Zhang Ze Peng , Liu Xiao Ming , Zhang Ji Chu
Published: July 2011

In the emulsion system, styrene, acrylate monomers and montmorillonite (Mt) were used to prepare interpenetrating polymer network/montmorillonite (IPN/Mt) nano-composite. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used to characterize the structure and damping property of the new material. Results of XRD and TEM showed that the layer structure of Mt was destroyed and Mt dispersed in the polymer matrix by single layer. The result of DMA indicated that the damping property of Styrene-Acrylic IPN/Mt was much better than that of Styrene-Acrylic IPN. Damping value of the Styrene-Acrylic IPN/Mt was well improved and the maximum of tanδ increased from 0.621 to 0.739, with a broad damping domain ranging from -41°C to 140+°C. All these findings indicated that styrene-acrylate IPN /Mt nano-composite of broad damping temperature range and high damping value was successfully prepared.
Dynamic Mechanical Property of Quasi Constrained Layer Structural Piezoelectric Ceramic/Carbon Black/Epoxy Resin Composites
Authors: Huang Wen Chao , Wei Tao , Shi Min Xian
Published: July 2011

Two-step casting method was developed for preparing quasi constrained layer damping structural polymeric composite. Quasi constrained layer structural piezoelectric ceramic P82/carbon black(CB)/epoxy resin(EP) composites were successfully prepared when the ceramic content was less than 30% in volume. Dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA) showed that the composites with quasi constrained layer structure exhibited perfect damping properties. When the piezoelectric ceramic P82 volume fraction was 10%, the composite showed the highest loss factor peak value of 1.182, the widest damping temperature range of 44.2°C, and the largest loss area of 32.17. The storage moduli of composites with quasi constrained layer structures were higher than that with non quasi constrained layer structure.
Method on Accelerated Rupture Life Evaluation for Composite Material Based on Type-II Censored Data
Authors: Ma Xiao Bing , Wang Ting Ting , Wang Jing Yu , Liu Zhen Yu
Published: July 2011

Integral inference method for multi-state type-Ⅱcensored data is presented, which is used to evaluate the rupture life of composite material. The best unbiased estimators for the model parameters, the standard deviation and their covariance are also given. The confidence limits of the acceleration equation and the confidence intervals of percentiles for Weibull distribution are discussed in detail. According to the presented method, the experimental information of accelerated rupture life is fully exploited, and the cross information among test data in different stresses are analyzed as an integration.So its information quantity is much bigger than traditional group test method. The method provides a feasible and effective approach to rupture life evaluation and reliability estimation of composite material.
Preparation and Characterization of Graphene Nanoplatelet/Magnetite Compound Powders
Authors: Chen Guo Hua , Tang Hai Tao
Published: July 2011

Graphene nanoplatelet（GN）/ Magnetite compound powders with magnetite nano-particles coated on the surface of graphite sheets has been successfully prepared by the wet-chemical co-precipitation. The effects of reaction temperature and mole ratio of Fe2+/Fe3+ on ultimate products were investigated. It has been found that excellent magnetite/GN compound powders were obtained at 30 °C with the Fe2+/Fe3+ mole ratio of 5:1. The composition, structure and the electric and magnetic properties of products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometer and four-point probe resistivity measurement.The compound powders have also exhibited the ferromagnetic properties at room temperature.
Research on the Application of Cement Stabilized Cool Regeneration of the Highway Maintenance
Authors: Yan Shan , Zheng Qi Hua
Published: July 2011

Based on practical engineering this paper introduced cement stabilized cool regeneration technology and application test results. It expounds application of cement stabilized cool regeneration technology and points out the advantages of cold recycling technology; It can make full use of the dead mile of the original way, and saving a lot of building materials. It Avoid waste material to protect the ecological environment; It saved the resources, reduced cost and accord with the requirement for sustainable development; In highway maintenance field it has wide application prospects.
Experimental Study on Continuous Annealing of High-Tensile Cold Rolled Bake-Hardening Steel
Authors: Wei Xing , Hu Yin Ping , Pan Li Bo , Sun Fang Yi
Published: July 2011

In this paper, the effect of soaking temperature during continuous annealing on mechanical property of high-tensile cold rolled bake-hardening steel was studied by using hot-dip process simulator. The results show that it can finish re-crystallization process when the soaking temperature increased from 740°C to 850°C. As the temperature increased, the yield strength, tension strength and microhardness monotone decreased and the n value monotone increased by contrast. At the same time, the total elongation and r value of BH steel increased at the beginning and decreased later, they would all reached a peak value at about 820°C.
Study on Space Copper-Based Powder Metallurgy Friction Material and its Tribological Properties
Authors: Yao Ping Ping , Xiao Ye Long , Deng Jun Wang
Published: July 2011

The microstructure and tribological properties of space copper-based friction material fabricated by Powder Metallurgy technology were studied using optical metallographic microscope and MM-1000-type tribo-tester, respectively. The results are shown as follows: The lubricant MoS2 was resolved during sintering, resulting in the loss of S element. MoS2 and its resolvents reacted with other components into some new compounds which contribute to the tribological properties of friction material. The lubrication mechanism of these new compounds showed essential difference in comparison to that for MoS2; the friction coefficient was higher under atmospheric condition than that under vacuum conditions, but almost the same under low and high vacuum conditions. It decreased under both atmospheric and low vacuum conditions with the increase of load. The environmental temperature had insignificant effect on the friction coefficient; under atmospheric condition as load increased, the mass loss of material decreased linearly, then increased. With regard to low vacuum condition as load increased, the mass loss of material increased, then decreased; the stable coefficient of friction material under vacuum condition was higher than that under atmospheric condition.
Spark Plasma Sintering of Mixed and Milled WC-Co Micro-/Nano-Powders
Authors: Laoui Tahar , Hakeem Abbas , Abdullahi Kachalla , Saheb Nouari , Al Aqeeli Nasser
Published: July 2011

Mixtures of WC-Co containing 6% and 9%wt cobalt and having variable particles size of 8nm, 50nm and 3.5mm were selected for sintering by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The starting powder of WC with a particle size of ~3.5mm was ball milled for intervals of 3 hours for up to 72 hours yielding WC with 8nm average crystallite size. Later, pre-milled WC powders were ball mixed for 18 hours with cobalt. All sizes of powders, 8nm, 50nm and 3.5mm were sintered in SPS at the temperature of 1150°C and 1250°C for 10 minutes by applying uniaxial pressures of 50 and 75 MPa. Sintering parameters were optimized by examining densification and microstructural observations. Sintered samples were studied by XRD, SEM, and hardness testing. It was observed that optimizing the parameters of SPS has a crucial role in increasing the densification percentage of the final product and slightly affects the hardness values.
Preparation and Characterization of N Doped TiO2/ Sepiolite Composite Materials
Authors: Chen Dai Mei , Ji Hai Peng , Wang Jian Xin , Chen Jian , Luan Xin Long , Xia Zhi Guo
Published: July 2011

Nitrogen doped TiO2/sepiolite composite materials (N-TiO2/sep) with different nitrogen contents were prepared by a sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. XRD and SEM results showed that anatase-TiO2 nanoparticles were distributed homogenously on the surface of sepiolite. XPS revealed that N atoms could incorporate into the lattice of anatase TiO2 substituting the oxygen atoms sites of oxygen atoms.
Preparation of Ultrafine Cobalt Ferrite Particles by Solution SHS Method
Authors: Li Xi En , Zhu Xu Hua
Published: July 2011

Nanosized CoFe2O4 powders of 12nm particle size were directly prepared by solution SHS method at room temperature. The overall process involves three steps: formation of homogeneous sol; formatiom of dried gel; and combustion of the dried gel. Experiments revealed that CoFe2O4 dried gel derived from citrate and nitrate sol exhibited self-propagation combustion(SHS) at room temperature once it was ignited in air. After self-propagating combustion, the gel directly transforms into nanosized CoFe2O4 particles. The self-propagating combustion was considered as a heat-induced exothermic oxidation-reduction reaction between nitrate ions and carboxyl group. Differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry (DTA-TG) was used to study the decomposition of the precursor. The structure of the nanosized CoFe2O4 powders was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Dry Sliding Wear Resistance of NiMo/Mo2Ni3Si Intermetallic Composites
Authors: Song Chun Yan , Gui Yong Liang , Hu Bin Sheng , Qi Xue Jing
Published: July 2011

Wear resistant NiMo/Mo2Ni3Si intermetallic composite with a microstructure of ternary metal silicide Mo2Ni3Si primary dendritic, the long strip-like NiMo intermetallic phase, and a small amount of Ni/NiMo eutectics structure were designed and fabricated. Wear resistance of NiMo/Mo2Ni3Si composites were evaluated under different load at room-temperature dry-sliding wear test conditions. Results indicate that NiMo/Mo2Ni3Si composites have excellent wear resistance and sluggish wear-load dependence. The dominant wear mechanisms of NiMo/Mo2Ni3Si composites are soft abrasion and slightly superficial oxidative wear.
Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexane over Mg-V-O Catalysts Prepared via Citriate Complexation
Authors: Jin Mei , Lu Ping , Yu Guo Xian
Published: July 2011

Oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexane was studied over three pure Mg-V-O catalysts, which are Mg3(VO4)2, Mg2V2O7 and MgV2O6, respectively. Catalysts were prepared via citric acid complexation and characterized by N2-adsorption, XRD, FT-IR, NH3-TPD and H2-TPR techniques. Among the pure magnesium vanadates, Mg3(VO4)2 has the isolated active sites, weakly basic surface and lower reducibility of the metal cations, and could be recognized as the catalytic active phase. Mg3(VO4)2 catalyst exhibited a better catalytic performance, on which a cyclohexene selectivity of 41.5% at cyclohexane conversion of 15.5% was obtained.
CuO-CoO-MnO/SiO2 Nanocomposite Aerogel as Catalysts Carrier and Its Cocatalysis Mechanism in the Synthesis of Diphenyl Carbonate
Authors: Zhao Yue Qing , Jia Qian Yi , Liang Ying Hua , Guo Hong Xia , Li Feng Feng , Liu Xin Hua
Published: July 2011

CuO-CoO-MnO/SiO2 nanocomposite aerogel as catalysts carrier was prepared via sol-gel process and CO2 supercritical drying (SCD) technique. Catalyst supported by the nanocomposite aerogel was prepared via impregnation method. The catalyst was used for the synthesis of diphenyl carbonate (DPC), and the yield of DPC in mass is up to 26.31%. The catalysis system of PdCl2/Co(OAc)2-Cu(OAc)2-Mn(OAc)2/TBAB/H2BQ is favorable to the synthesis of DPC. PdCl2, acetates of transition metals and H2BQ were the key catalyst, inorganic cocatalyst and organic cocatalyst, respectively. TBAB was the surface active agent of Pd0 and stabilizer of Pd2+ in the catalysis system.
Synthesis of Polystyrene-B-Poly(Ethylene Oxide)monomethyl Ethermethacrylate Block Copolymers and its Self-Assembly in Aqueous Solution
Authors: You Qian Qian , Zhang Pu Yu
Published: July 2011

The block copolymer of PSt-b-POEOMA with the end of -COOH functional group has been synthesized by reversible addition fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) using S,S′-Bis(α,α′-dimethyl-α′′-acetic acid)-trithiocarbonate (BDATC) as a chain transfer agent. The architectures of the copolymers were confirmed by FT-IR and 1HNMR spectra. GPC analysis was used to estimate the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution of the copolymers. Meanwhile, The nanostructures of the block copolymers PSt-b-POEOMA micelles formed in aqueous solution were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).