bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cryptography: Advances in Secure Communication and Data Protection
Authors: Victor Melvin , Praveenraj D. David Winster , R Sasirekha , Alkhayyat Ahmed , Shakhzoda Abdullayeva
Published: July 2023

In the innovative work secure communication and data protection are being main field, which are emerged by cryptography as a fundamental pillar. Strong cryptographic methods are now essential given the rising reliance on digital technologies and the threats posed by bad actors. This abstract examines the evolution of secure communication protocols and data protection techniques as it relates to the advancements in cryptography. The development of post-quantum cryptography is the most notable development in cryptography discussed in this study. As quantum computers become more powerful, they pose a serious threat to traditional cryptographic algorithms, such as RSA and ECC. Designing algorithms that are immune to attacks from quantum computers is the goal of post-quantum cryptography. Lattice-based, code-based, and multivariate-based cryptography are only a few of the methods that have been investigated in this context.
Comparing the Performance of Accuracy Using 3D CNN Model with the Fixed Spatial Transform With 3D CNN Model for the Detection of Pulmonary Nodules
Authors: S Hemnath , Ramalingam Geetha
Published: July 2023

Aim: The research study aims to detect the accuracy level of the pulmonary nodule using a convolutional neural network (CNN). The comparison between the Novel 3D CNN-fixed spatial transform algorithm and Novel 3D CNN Model algorithm for accurate detection. Materials and Methods: The information for this study was gained from the Kaggle website. The samples were taken into consideration as (N=20) for 3D CNN-fixed spatial transform and (N=20) 3D CNN Model according to the clinical. com, total sample size calculation was performed. Python software is used for accurate detection. Threshold Alpha is 0.05 %, G power is 80% and the enrollment ratio is set to 1. Result: This research study found that the 3D CNN with 89.29% of accuracy is preferred over 3D CNN with fixed spatial transform which gives 78.5% accuracy with a significance value (p=0.001), (p<0.05) with a 95% confidence interval. There is statistical significance between the two groups. Conclusion: The mean value of 3D CNN -fixed spatial transform is 78.5% and Novel 3D CNN is 89.29%.Novel 3D CNN appears to give better accuracy than 3D CNN-fixed spatial transform.
Analyze and Compare the Crystallographic Changes for Zinc Substituted Hydroxyapatite using X-Ray Diffraction
Authors: S Rithika , Ramakrishnan Praveen
Published: July 2023

The main motive of the study is to analyze and compare the crystallographic changes using the X-Ray diffraction method for zinc substituted hydroxyapatite. Materials and Methods: Different types of zinc substituted hydroxyapatite are used. Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, zinc chloride hexahydrate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate and ammonium hydroxide solutions are added and they are mixed with ammonium hydroxide solution. The ultrasonic was used to carry the precipitation method. The zinc substituted data(N=4), the total sample size was calculated as 4 using clinclac.com, alpha error is 0.05, the G power at 80%, the enrollment ratio to 0:1 and the confidence interval to 95% and the total sample size was computed. Result: Using SPSS software and a one sample T-test, 0% 1%, 5% and 10% percent of zinc with hydroxyapatite were calculated. There is a statistical significance, P=0.002, (p<0.05). The wt% of Zinc hydroxyapatite is of no significance with P=0.177, (p<0.05). The result shows that when compared to other percentages, 10% of zinc substituted hydroxyapatite. Conclusion: The analysis of this study shows that Hydroxyapatite with 10% Zinc Doped Hydroxyapatite has Superior qualities to other Substitutes for future medical applications.
Nachhaltiger Umgang mit Abfällen im OP – ein schwieriges Thema mit großem Potential
Authors: Welter Stefan , Schmalbach Ingo Lukas , Meierling Stefan , Blaumann Laura , Klotz Laura
Published: July 2023

Bei einem operativen Eingriff fallen große Mengen Müll an. Kontaminierter Müll muss direkt thermisch verwertet werden und darf nicht nach Wertstoffen sortiert werden. Die Klassifizierung
des Krankenhausmülls erfolgt nach Gefahrenpotenzial nach europäischer Abfallschlüsselnummer (AS), anhand derer leider nicht erkennbar ist, welcher Wertstoff darin enthalten ist. Nur ca. 5%
des Krankenhausmülls sind durch Kontakt mit meldepflichtigen Krankheitserregern nach § 6 Infektionsschutzgesetz (IfSG) als infektiös zu werten und müssen als „gefährliche Abfälle“ verbrannt
oder anderweitig sterilisiert werden. Durch getrennte Sammlung von Verpackungsmaterial, ohne Kontamination mit Körpersekreten, können im OP bis zu 50% Müll kostenlos über das Duale System
entsorgt werden. Hierüber gelangen immerhin bis zu 30% der Verpackungen in eine wertstoffliche Wiederverwertung. Das Recycling kontaminierter hochwertiger metallischer Einmalinstrumente ist
nur möglich, wenn ein behördlich genehmigter Desinfektionsprozess durchlaufen wird. Hierfür werden 2 Beispiele dargestellt. Einzelne Abfallfraktionen (z. B. Papier, Pappe, Kartonagen oder
Leichtverpackungen aus PET) können aber auch direkt an Recyclingunternehmen verkauft werden. Fazit: Ein nachhaltiger Umgang mit Müll aus dem OP schont Ressourcen, schont die Umwelt, spart
Geld und spricht viele Mitarbeiter an, denen die Zukunft unseres Planeten eine Herzensangelegenheit ist. Für die Etablierung eines nachhaltigen Abfallwirtschaftskonzeptes ist die Einbindung
aller Mitarbeiter von Beginn an wichtig. Ärzte können hier eine Vorbildfunktion übernehmen.
Colonoscopy-assisted percutaneous sigmoidopexy (CAPS) for complete rectal prolapse treatment: Case series
Authors: Takahashi Junji , Yoshida Masashi , Kamada Teppei , Nakashima Keigo , Nakaseko Yuichi , Suzuki Norihiko , Ohdaira Hironori , Suzuki Yutaka
Published: July 2023

Background and study aims We have previously reported on the effectiveness of colonoscopy-assisted percutaneous sigmoidopexy (CAPS) for sigmoid volvulus treatment. This study describes the CAPS application to treat complete rectal prolapse by straightening and fixing the rectum. Complete rectal prolapse is common in older women. Due to their comorbidities, management must comprise a simple, safe, and reliable surgical method not involving general anesthesia or colon resection.

Patients and methods We enrolled 13 patients in our outpatient department diagnosed with complete rectal prolapse between June 2016 and 2021. The endoscope was advanced into the anterior proximal rectal wall, straightening the intussuscepted sigmoid colon and rectum to approximate the puncture site. The fixation sites were anesthetized with 1% xylocaine, and a 2-mm skin incision was made using a scalpel. A two-shot anchor was used to fix the sigmoid colon to the abdominal wall (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan).

Results The median patient age was 88 years (range: 50–94). The median CAPS procedure time was 30 minutes (range: 20–60). In one patient, the transverse colon was accidentally punctured and interposed between the abdominal wall and sigmoid colon, requiring a laparotomy to remove the causative fixation thread and provide re-fixation. Fecal incontinence was resolved in 10 of 13 cases.

Conclusions CAPS is a quick and simple procedure. In addition, it is a treatment option for complete rectal prolapse that can be performed under local anesthesia.
Our solar system’s origins
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: July 2023

Theoretical work explores the role of traveling waves in the formation of planets.
Explaining mid-ocean ridge topography with magma viscosity
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: July 2023

Viscosity of melt complexes plays a key role in creating peaks or plateaus.
Stabilizing exploding aluminum foils to create ultraviolet radiation
Authors: McConnon Aili
Published: July 2023

Applying artificial structures to foil alters the explosion process and generates a new source of radiation.
Solutions on improving spider silk experimentation
Authors: Lange Katherine De
Published: July 2023

Difference in experimental setup can lead to misconceptions on the mechanical properties of silk and bio-based fibers.
Spin-induced nanomaterials for detection of chiral volatile organic compounds
Authors: Maity Arnab , Haick Hossam
Published: July 2023

The capacity to recognize chiral Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) is a noteworthy element in many areas, for example, chemistry, pharmacology, and ecological observing. This review centers around the recent advancements in the field of spin-based chiral recognition, with the potential to improve the detection and classification of chiral VOCs in wearable, convenient, low-power, and with least human contribution. It will present and discuss the utilization of chiral molecules and helical structures to impact the spin course of electrons going through them, offering another way for chiral recognition of VOCs. Different dimensionalities of nano materials and related hypothetical leaps forward will be presented and discussed, which could pave the way for smart and miniaturized chiral recognition devices. These devices would empower quicker and more precise location of chiral VOCs in different settings, making them advantageous for a scope of applications later on.
Robust spin torque switching of noncollinear antiferromagnet Mn3Sn
Authors: Xu Teng , Bai Hao , Dong Yiqing , Zhao Le , Zhou Heng-An , Zhang Junwei , Zhang Xi-Xiang , Jiang Wanjun
Published: July 2023

Electrical switching of topological antiferromagnetic states in Mn3Sn thin films has been a subject of active investigation. However, dependences of switching behaviors on the film thickness, external field, and crystal orientation remain to be fully explored, which motivate the present study. In this work, (112̄0)-orientated Mn3Sn thin films are fabricated on sapphire substrates, in which a large anomalous Hall effect over a wide temperature range (270–400 K) can be identified. The current-induced spin–orbit torques (SOTs) are utilized to electrically manipulate the topological antiferromagnetic states in Mn3Sn/Pt bilayers. The robust SOT switching can be realized in Mn3Sn films with thicknesses up to 100 nm and with in-plane fields up to 1200 mT. Furthermore, SOT switching behaviors that are independent of the choice of crystal orientations are clearly revealed. Our results could be useful for implementing Mn3Sn films for efficient and stable antiferromagnetic spintronics.
Interplay of structure and magnetic ordering in a two-dimensional titanium monolayer: A first-principles study
Authors: Thakur Soumyasuravi , Ray Nirat
Published: July 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials have attracted a lot of interest as ideal platforms for gaining fundamental insights into magnetism and as promising candidates for applications in spintronics. The potential of 2D magnets would be greatly enhanced by the efficient interaction between magnetism and other physical properties, such as electric, topological, and elastic properties. In this work, we use first-principles density functional theory to study the interplay between the structure and magnetic ordering of an elemental titanium monolayer in non-magnetic, ferromagnetic, and antiferromagnetic configurations crystallizing in square and honeycomb lattices. Our results reveal that planar structures favor ferromagnetic ordering whereas buckling of the monolayer favors antiferromagnetic ordering in the system. Our results are understood in terms of the coupling of the ZO phonon mode with the magnetic ordering of the material. Our results highlight the potential for creating novel devices where the magnetic moment and the magnetic state of the system can be tuned with atomic scale fluctuations of a free standing magnetic membrane.
Application and significance of circRNA and high throughput sequencing in different metastatic pathways of gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Ruogu , Zhang Hongyao , Zhang Dan , Wang Qilong , Wang Fang , He Qingsi
Published: July 2023

In this study, we will explore the expression profile of circular RNA (cRNA) in gastric cancer tissues and plasma in order to evaluate its potential as a molecular marker for the detection of gastric cancer. Additionally, we will research the expression profile of cRNA in normal gastric tissue. Reverse transcription drop digital polymerase chain reaction (RT ddPCR), circRNA expression profiling, the prediction of circRNA-microRNA interactions, the design of a method for RT ddPCR, as well as the analysis of clinicopathological factors and survival outcomes are all included in the recommended approach. The results of the research indicate that some circRNAs have a distinct expression pattern in the plasma and tissues of patients with gastric cancer. In addition, a quantitative RT ddPCR approach was created, and the identification of certain circRNAs that are connected with clinicopathological factors and prognosis was accomplished. The results of this study provide significant new insights into the ability of circRNAs to function not only as diagnostic markers but also as independent prognostic factors for gastric cancer. In addition, a dye-based RT ddPCR method is shown to be an effective and economical technique for the detection of plasma circRNA.
Exploring interdisciplinary communication pathways for escalating pre-medical emergency team deterioration: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Sprogis Stephanie K. , Currey Judy , Jones Daryl , Considine Julie
Published: July 2023

Objective To explore clinicians’ use and perceptions of interdisciplinary communication pathways for escalating care within the pre-medical emergency team (pre-MET) tier of rapid response systems. Method A sequential mixed-methods study was conducted using observations and interviews. Participants were clinicians (nurses, allied health, doctors) caring for orthopaedic and general medicine patients at one hospital. Descriptive and thematic analyses were conducted. Results Escalation practices were observed for 13 of 27 pre-MET events. Leading communication methods for escalating pre-MET events were alphanumeric pagers (61.5%) and in-person discussions (30.8%). Seven escalated pre-MET events led to bedside pre-MET reviews by doctors. Clinician interviews (n = 29) culminated in two themes: challenges in escalation of care, and navigating information gaps. Clinicians reported deficiencies in communication methods for escalating care that hindered interdisciplinary communication and clinical decision-making pertaining to pre-MET deterioration. Conclusion Policy-defined escalation pathways were inconsistently utilised for pre-MET deterioration. Available communication methods for escalating pre-MET events inadequately fulfilled clinicians’ needs. Variable perceptions of escalation pathways illuminated a lack of of a shared mental model about clinicians’ roles and responsibilities. To optimise timely and appropriate management of patient deterioration, communication infrastructure and interdisciplinary collaboration must be enhanced.
Mining Metaverse – a future collaborative tool for best practice mining
Authors: Stothard Phillip
Published: July 2023

Futuristic views of mine operations allude to the use of immersive virtual worlds that transport people into what is now called a Metaverse, a network of 3D virtual worlds that can be experienced by an unlimited number of people simultaneously. The concept and benefit of combining real and virtual worlds have been around for many decades and have evolved considerably in recent years. When these are presented as a digital twin with bidirectional data and collaboration capability, potential exists for a powerful communications tool for mining operations. Hence, it is time to discuss the Metaverse from a mining perspective and this paper asks, ‘What is the Metaverse and how does it relate to mining?’ This paper presents some case studies, concepts, a model and considers the benefits of a Mining Metaverse as a communications tool that enhances decision making via remote collaboration.
Food shortage and the effect on growth, condition factor and fitness of Trevally (Caranx ignobilis) under rearing condition
Authors: Mosse J W , Hutubessy B G , Zaini M
Published: July 2023

Caranx ignobilis, is one of the iconic culture species in Ambon inner bay recently, unfortunately feeding remains problematic, yet is of profound importance. This study is aimed to examine the effect of feeding and unfed period cycles on growth trajectories and the well being during treatment. In totall, 259 fish ranging in size of 17.05cm-20.47cm SL and weight between 142.00 gr - 221.25 gr were subjected to receive three different feeding regimes. All fish were kept in 3x3x3m pollyethylene net cages receiving 1 day unfed and 1 day re-feeding (1F1RF), 2 days unfed and 2 days re-feeding (2F2RF), 3 days unfed and 3 days re-feeding (3F3RF) were compared to the fish feed daily as control group. Low value fish of shortfin scad, Decapterus macrosoma, were given twice per day at 0900hrs-1000hrs am and 1600hrs-1700hrs pm as much as 15% of total biomass. Standard length and weigth were recorded once per two weeks for 5 months. Analysis of mean length at harvest time showed no significant differences (Fα 0.05 : 1.6297 <Fcritical
, 0,05 (1), 3,36 = 2,866. Weight gain however, exhibited significant differences (F, α 0.05 = 3,239 >Fcritical
= 2,866). Tukey test among treatments and control revealed significant differences, q value range from 8,23-14,29>qcritical0,05, 36, 4 = 3,845. No significant difference, however among treatments; q = 3,2 1 indicating growth compensation, while the RCF = 1.36 suggesting the same body condition with control group and remain in good fit.
Promoting sustainable fisheries and aquaculture – Enabling policies, innovation and challenges for achieving sustainable blue economies in Ambon, Maluku Province, Indonesia
Authors: Kobayashi M
Published: July 2023

Sustainable blue economies have become a priority policy for coastal and island countries. It is also the case for Indonesia as it is an archipelago country endowed with a wide-spreading ocean. It must be sustained by key guiding policy principles such as environmental conservation, sustainable management of natural resources, and livelihood improvement. These policy objectives must be pursued in an integrated and coherent manner. Yet, Indonesia faces multiple governance challenges to achieve such goals. Multi-stakeholder and cross-sectoral collaborations are indispensable. Innovation is also needed for policy development, technological advancement, and social partnership. Capacity development is a policy imperative at the local, sub-national, and national levels. International partnership is also important to promote transboundary and sub-regional ecosystem-based and collective marine resource management in the context of achieving sustainable blue economies particularly, through sustainable fisheries and eliminating illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing. Multifaceted and interdisciplinary approaches need to be reinforced to overcome composite challenges.
Reproduction pattern on Melanotaenia ajamaruensis (Allen & Cross 1980) the endemic rainbowfish of Lake Ajamaru Papua, Indonesia fed by Spirulina
Authors: Said D S , Mayasari N , Triyanto  , Kadarini T
Published: July 2023

Melanotaenia ajamaruensis with the common name Ajamaru Rainbowfish belongs to Rainbowfish group that endemic of Lake Ajamaru Papua, Indonesia. These fish are very potential as ornamental fish, but the biological information is very rare. The fish has just domesticated, therefore a research to inceased the reproductive factors in captivity is needed. The research of reproduction ability was conducted by using various levels of Spirulina in feed (A=0; B=3, and C=6%) during 40 days (September-October 2020) at the RC for Limnology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences Laboratory. Fish rearing used an aquarium sized. of 45x45x40 cm with two replications and the analysis was carried out descriptively. Treatment C (feed 6% Spirulina) had advantages in total eggs (220 eggs), number of eggs per female (110 eggs/female), total number of larvae (214 larvae), number of larvae per female (107 larvae/female), survival rate 7-day and 15-day of larvae were 96.502±8.414% and 91.829±14.030%, respectively. Treatment B (3% Spirulina) had advantages in spawning frequency (12 times), fertilization rate/FR (100%), hatching rate/HR (100%) and shortest egg incubation time (5,916±1,676 days). Spirulina was able to increase the reproductive ability of the endemic fish M ajamaruensis in a captivity conditions. Further research of this fish is still needed.
Physicochemic characteristics and antibacterial activity of solid soap with additional of collagen from tuna skin (Thunnus sp.)
Authors: Wenno M R , Kaya A O W , Wattimena M L , Wanci N , Patty S P A
Published: July 2023

Collagen is a long-chain protein compound composed of the amino acids alanine, arginine, lysine, glycine, proline, and hiroxyproline and from fishery waste, like a fish skin. This Research aims to determine the physical and chemical characteristics as well as the antibacterial activity of solid soap with the addition of tuna skin collagen and uses an experimental method (experimental) with several treatments of adding collagen. The results showed that the physical and chemical characteristics of solid soap were stability foam stability from 16.55 mm to 84.61 mm, water content ranging from 21.66 - 27.79%, pH 10.69 - 11.78, and free alkaline 1.22 - 1.92, Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, was found in sample A2 with a diamater inhibitory zone is of 20.5 mm (very strong).
Effect of marine debris on the catching ability of bottom gill net
Authors: Matrutty Delly D P , Siahainenia Stanny R , Waileruny Welem , Noija Donald
Published: July 2023

Changes in internal and external factors during operation of bottom gill net will affect to catch ability of bottom gill net. The presence of marine debris in the ocean is predicted to influence the internal factors of gill nets which leads to reduction of catch ability. This study aimed to identify the factors that lead to decreasing of catch ability of bottom gill nets and to calculate the reduction of catch ability due to changes in hanging ratio caused by marine debris. Fishing activity using bottom gill net for 10 replications was conducted to identify the factors that affect the bottom gill net’s catch ability, while the reduced catch ability is calculated through the percentage of net area covered by garbage, changes in the hanging ratio and tension of the net body due to the entangled and twisted garbage in the net. The results showed that there were three factors that led to a reduction in the catch ability of bottom gill nets due to marine debris, namely: garbage stuck to the body of the net, trash entangled in net webs and trash wrapped around the body of the net. The closure of the mesh, changes in openings of mesh and net tension result in a decrease in the catch ability of bottom gill nets by 20-50%.
Diversity of gastropods as bioindicator of the coastal waters of Inner Ambon Bay
Authors: Supusepa J , Hulopi M , Sahetapy J M F
Published: July 2023

The beach in Inner Ambon Bay is used by coastal communities to carry out various activities including household waste disposal, fishing activities and tourism. These activities cause the entry of waste into water bodies resulting in a decrease of water quality. This will lead to pollution on the coast if left unchecked. One of the resources living on the coast is gastropods which are generally able to describe waters conditions, so their presence can be used as an indicator for determining water quality. This study aims to determine the diversity of gastropods and the conditions of Halong coastal waters. This research was conducted in 2022 on the coast of Halong waters. Gastropods were collected using the belt transect method with distance between transects is 50 m. Gastropods collected were identified morphologically using standard literature book. Analysis was conducted to determine species density and ecological index of gastropods. The condition of the coastal waters of Halong was determined using STORET method and ABC curve method. The results showed that gastropods in the coastal waters of Halong consist of 3 orders, 13 families, 16 genera and 28 species with the highest density belongs to Cortica herbs. Diversity and evenness of gastropod in the area can be categorized as moderate with low dominance. Analysis of physical, chemical and biological parameter indicate that coastal waters of Halong was moderately polluted.
Measurement-based ZIP load modelling using opposition based differential evolution optimization
Authors: Kumar Abhinav , Mallik Sanjeev Kumar
Published: July 2023

With the large integration of distributed generations, power grids are on the verge of instability if the generation and load side is not synchronized properly. To predict the load, a proper load model should be developed for the purpose of power system monitoring. The ZIP load model is considered in this work due to its simplicity. The parameter of the ZIP load corresponding to constant power, constant impedance, and constant current load must be estimated accurately for predicting the load behavior. In this paper, the measurements are being compared with the estimated value for estimating the load parameters using a suitable parameter tuning method. For ZIP load modeling Measurement-based parameter estimation is applied. In this paper, measurements are simulated by statistically infusing the Gaussian noise into the true value (obtained from the load flow study). The parameter-tuning algorithm iteratively feeds the error discovered from the comparison to determine the optimal solution. In this paper, Opposition-based differential evolution optimization (ODEO) is being proposed as a parameter tuning method for estimating the load parameters from the measurements collected at a given load bus. Measurement of the ZIP load is collected at bus 30 of the NE 39 Bus system after applying step disturbance of voltage at generator 4. The proposed ODEO method is validated and compared with the other tuning methods, like Particle Swarm optimization (PSO) and Grey Wolf optimization (GWO). The proposed ODEO method has a better performance as compared to PSO and GWO.
Efficacy of Allisartan Isoproxil in the Treatment of Mild-to-Moderate Essential Hypertension
Authors: Wang Hongyi , Xi Yang , Chen Yuanyuan , Wang Luyan , Yang Fan , Lu Xining , Sun Ningling
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Allisartan isoproxil is a selective nonpeptide angiotensin II (AT1) receptor blocker developed by China, this study aimed to assess its clinical efficacy for essential hypertension (EH).

METHODS

Patients with mild-to-moderate EH, selected at 44 sites in China from September 9, 2016, to December 7, 2018, were administered 240 mg allisartan isoproxil daily for 4 weeks. Patients with controlled blood pressure (BP) continued monotherapy for 8 weeks, others were randomly assigned (1:1) to A + D group (allisartan isoproxil 240 mg + indapamide 1.5 mg) or A + C group (allisartan isoproxil + amlodipine besylate 5 mg) for 8 weeks. BP were measured at week 4, 8 and 12.

RESULTS

2,126 patients were included in the analysis. After 12 weeks of treatment, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased by 19.24 ± 12.02 and 10.63 ± 8.89 mm Hg, respectively, and the overall BP control rate was 78.56%. The sitting blood pressures (SBP/DBP) decreased by 19.12 ± 11.71/10.84 ± 8.73 mm Hg in patients with 12 weeks allisartan isoproxil monotherapy (both P < 0.0001). The BP reductions and control rates were comparable between A + D and A + C groups. 48 patients with monotherapy-controlled BP underwent ambulatory BP monitoring, with a mean decrease in ambulatory BP of 10.04 ± 10.87/5.50 ± 8.07 mm Hg after 12 weeks of treatment, and consistent reductions between day and night. SBP and DBP had trough-to-peak ratios of 64.64% and 62.63% and smoothness indices of 3.82 and 2.92, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

An allisartan isoproxil-based antihypertensive regimen can effectively control BP in patients with mild-to-moderate EH.

PROJECT REGISTRATION NO

CTR20160138 (Registration and Information Disclosure Platform for China Drug Clinical Studies, http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/index.html).
Enhancing biomedical search interfaces with images
Authors: Trelles Trabucco Juan , Arighi Cecilia , Shatkay Hagit , Marai G Elisabeta
Published: July 2023

Motivation

Figures in biomedical papers communicate essential information with the potential to identify relevant documents in biomedical and clinical settings. However, academic search interfaces mainly search over text fields.

Results

We describe a search system for biomedical documents that leverages image modalities and an existing index server. We integrate a problem-specific taxonomy of image modalities and image-based data into a custom search system. Our solution features a front-end interface to enhance classical document search results with image-related data, including page thumbnails, figures, captions and image-modality information. We demonstrate the system on a subset of the CORD-19 document collection. A quantitative evaluation demonstrates higher precision and recall for biomedical document retrieval. A qualitative evaluation with domain experts further highlights our solution’s benefits to biomedical search.

Availability and implementation

A demonstration is available at https://runachay.evl.uic.edu/scholar. Our code and image models can be accessed via github.com/uic-evl/bio-search. The dataset is continuously expanded.
The Boundedness of Stable Solutions to Semilinear Elliptic Equations With Linear Lower Bound on Nonlinearities
Authors: Peng Fa
Published: July 2023

Let $2\le n\le 9$. Suppose that $f:{{\mathbb {R}}}\to {{\mathbb {R}}}$ is locally Lipschitz function satisfying $f(t)\ge A\min \{0,t\}-K$ for all $t\in {{\mathbb {R}}}$ with some constant $A\ge 0$ and $K\ge 0$. We establish an a priori interior Hölder regularity of $C^{2}$-stable solutions to the semilinear elliptic equation $-\Delta u=f(u)$. If, in addition, $f$ is nondecreasing and convex, we obtain the interior Hölder regularity of $W^{1,2}$-stable solutions. Note that the dimension $n\le 9$ is optimal.
Serologic Testing for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in a Low-Incidence Region
Authors: Wang Joye , Handel Andrew S
Published: July 2023

Background

Tick-borne diseases have grown in incidence over recent decades. As a result, diagnostic testing has become more common, often performed as broad antibody-based panels for multiple tick-transmitted pathogens. Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is rare in our region yet may cause severe morbidity, leading to diagnostic screening in low-risk patients. We sought to describe trends in RMSF diagnostic testing, rate of IgG seropositivity, and clinical features of those tested.

Methods

We performed a retrospective chart review of patients ≤21 years old undergoing testing for RMSF and/or with an ICD-9/10 code for RMSF. Patients were categorized by infection likelihood based on clinical and laboratory criteria adapted from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) case definition of spotted fever rickettsioses. Clinical data were collected and analyzed with descriptive statistics.

Results

One hundred and seventy patients were included. 5.8% met CDC criteria for rickettsial infection, 6.5% had an elevated IgG titer but lacked suggestive symptoms, and 87.6% had a negative IgG titer. Many patients tested were unlikely to have RMSF, including 50% lacking fever, 20% lacking any RMSF “classic triad” symptoms, 13% without acute illness, and 22% tested during months with low tick activity. Convalescent serology was performed in 7.6% of patients and none underwent Rickettsia rickettsii polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing.

Conclusions

Diagnostic testing was frequently performed in patients unlikely to have RMSF. We identified many opportunities for improving test utilization. Reserving testing for those with higher pretest probability, performing convalescent serology, and utilizing PCR may improve the accuracy of RMSF diagnosis and reduce clinical challenges stemming from inappropriate testing.
Estimating the Size of Clustered Hidden Populations
Authors: Gamble Laura J , Johnston Lisa G , Pham Phuong N , Vinck Patrick , McLaughlin Katherine R
Published: July 2023

Successive sampling population size estimation (SS-PSE) is a method used by government agencies, aid organizations, and researchers around the world to estimate the size of hidden populations using data from respondent-driven sampling surveys. SS-PSE addresses a specific need in estimation, since many countries rely on having accurate size estimates to plan and allocate finite resources to address the needs of hidden populations. However, SS-PSE relies on several assumptions, one of which requires the underlying social network of the hidden population to be fully connected. We propose two modifications to SS-PSE for estimating the size of hidden populations whose underlying social network is composed of disjoint clusters. The first method is a theoretically straightforward extension of SS-PSE, but it relies on prior information that may be difficult to obtain in practice. The second method extends the Bayesian SS-PSE model by introducing a new set of parameters that allow for clustered estimation without requiring the additional prior information. After providing theoretical justification for both novel methods, we then assess their performance using simulations and apply the Clustered SS-PSE method to a population of internally displaced persons in Bamako, Mali.
Cut-off values of haemoglobin and clinical outcomes in incident peritoneal dialysis: the PDTAP study
Authors: Xu Xiao , Yang Zhikai , Li Shaomei , Pei Huayi , Zhao Jinghong , Zhang Ying , Xiong Zibo , Liao Yumei , Li Ying , Lin Qiongzhen , Hu Wenbo , Li Yulin , Zheng Zhaoxia , Duan Liping , Fu Gang , Guo Shanshan , Zhang Beiru , Yu Rui , Sun Fuyun , Ma Xiaoying , Hao Li , Liu Guiling , Zhao Zhanzheng , Xiao Jing , Shen Yulan , Zhang Yong , Du Xuanyi , Ji Tianrong , Wang Caili , Deng Lirong , Yue Yingli , Chen Shanshan , Ma Zhigang , Li Yingping , Zuo Li , Zhao Huiping , Zhang Xianchao , Wang Xuejian , Liu Yirong , Gao Xinying , Chen Xiaoli , Li Hongyi , Du Shutong , Zhao Cui , Xu Zhonggao , Zhang Li , Chen Hongyu , Li Li , Wang Lihua , Yan Yan , Ma Yingchun , Wei Yuanyuan , Zhou Jingwei , Li Yan , Zheng Yingdong , Wang Jinwei , Zhao Ming-hui , Dong Jie ,   the PDTAP working group
Published: July 2023

Background

To explore the cut-off values of haemoglobin (Hb) on adverse clinical outcomes in incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients based on a national-level database.

Methods

The observational cohort study was from the Peritoneal Dialysis Telemedicine-assisted Platform (PDTAP) dataset. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and modified MACE (MACE+). The secondary outcomes were the occurrences of hospitalization, first-episode peritonitis and permanent transfer to haemodialysis (HD).

Results

A total of 2591 PD patients were enrolled between June 2016 and April 2019 and followed up until December 2020. Baseline and time-averaged Hb <100 g/l were associated with all-cause mortality, MACE, MACE+ and hospitalizations. After multivariable adjustments, only time-averaged Hb <100 g/l significantly predicted a higher risk for all-cause mortality {hazard ratio [HR] 1.83 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19–281], P = .006}, MACE [HR 1.99 (95% CI 1.16–3.40), P = .012] and MACE+ [HR 1.77 (95% CI 1.15–2.73), P = .010] in the total cohort. No associations between Hb and hospitalizations, transfer to HD and first-episode peritonitis were observed. Among patients with Hb ≥100 g/l at baseline, younger age, female, use of iron supplementation, lower values of serum albumin and renal Kt/V independently predicted the incidence of Hb <100 g/l during the follow-up.

Conclusion

This study provided real-world evidence on the cut-off value of Hb for predicting poorer outcomes through a nation-level prospective PD cohort.
UTOPIA DIAMONDS LTD v COHEN
Authors:   Appointed Person (Designs)
Published: July 2023

H1 Registered designs — Invalidity proceedings — Diamonds — Individual character — Informed user — Overall impression — Basis of assessment — Interpretation of registration — Comparison exercise — Component parts of complex products — Pleadings — Appeal to Appointed Person
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus velezensis LQ-3, a Biocontrol Agent Against Rhizoctonia cerealis, Isolated from Wheat Soil
Authors: Li Rong , Yang Panlei , Liu Jiehui , Zhang Hongjuan , Zhao Fang , Wang Yanbin , Liang Yan , Hong He , Wang Chunjing , Xie Xiansheng , Zeng Qingchao
Published: July 2023

Bacillus velezensis LQ-3 was previously isolated from wheat soil and has been found to exhibit strong biocontrol activity against Rhizoctonia cerealis. To better understand its biocontrol mechanism, we utilized both Illumina and Nanopore sequencing technologies to sequence the whole genome of LQ-3. Our analysis revealed that the assembled genome of strain LQ-3 was 3,929,792 bp in length and contained one chromosome with a G+C content of 46.50%. We also identified 3,747 coding sequence genes, 86 tRNA genes, 27 rRNA genes, and one tmRNA gene. The LQ-3 genome contained 12 biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for secondary metabolite production. This genome sequence analysis is crucial for understanding the biocontrol mechanism of B. velezensis LQ-3 and serves as a foundation for the development and industrialization of biocontrol agents.

[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Long-term Childhood Outcomes for Babies Born at Term Who Were Exposed to Antenatal Corticosteroids
Authors: Osteen Samantha J. , Yang Ziyi , McKinzie Alexandra H. , Teal Evgenia , Tepper Robert S. , Rhoads Eli , Quinney Sara K. , Haneline Laura S. , Haas David M.
Published: July 2023

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023;228(1):80.e1–80.e6)

The use of antenatal corticosteroids (ACSs) is standard practice for women who are at risk of preterm birth to accelerate the development of vital organs, in particular the fetal lungs. Previous research has shown the efficacy of this treatment and its benefits in infants who are born preterm, but there is little research on the effects of ACS on infants who are subsequently born at term.
Rate of Manifesting Carriers and Other Unexpected Findings on Carrier Screening
Authors: Clevenger Sydney K. , Brandt Justin S. , Khan Shama P. , Shingala Pranali , Carrick Jillian , Aluwalia Ruchi , Heiman Gary A. , Ashkinadze Elena
Published: July 2023

(Abstracted from Prenat Diagn 2023;43:117–125)

Obstetric care includes many types of assessment of both mother and baby, including screening for genetic conditions. This can be done through genetic tests referred to as carrier screening, which detect carriers at risk to have children with autosomal recessive and X-linked recessive conditions.
Noninvasive Prenatal Screening for Cystic Fibrosis Using Circulating Trophoblasts: Detection of the 50 Most Common Disease-Causing Variants
Authors: Jeppesen Line Dahl , Lildballe Dorte Launholt , Hatt Lotte , Hedegaard Jakob , Singh Ripudaman , Toft Christian Liebst Frisk , Schelde Palle , Pedersen Anders Sune , Knudsen Michael , Vogel Ida
Published: July 2023

(Abstracted from Prenat Diagn 2023;43:3–13)

Autosomal recessive disorders can have a significant impact on quality of life for parents and individuals. One of the most common but also potentially severe of these disorders is cystic fibrosis (CF), a disorder that causes pulmonary and pancreatic dysfunction.
The use of environmental exposure chambers in studies related to ocular surface effects
Authors: Gherasim Alina , Bielory Leonard
Published: July 2023

Purpose of review

The potential of allergen challenges using environmental exposure facilities in allergic conjunctivitis drug development and more recently its implication on the diagnosis of the united airways concept have been emphasized in the recent literature. This study aims to present an overview of new and important data in this field.

Recent findings

Standardized methodologies for ocular surface assessment during allergen challenges were described. The Total Ocular Symptom Score (TOSS) is the main validated questionnaire used for the assessment of ocular surface during allergen challenges. It combines patient and investigator assessments for more accurate conjunctival response and was extensively used in clinical research and daily practice. Environmental Exposure Chambers (EECs) studies aim to conduct tight-controlled challenges to a stable and well defined allergen airborne concentration, closer to natural exposure to evaluate the efficacy of nonpharmaceutical and antiallergic treatments. Recent studies showed a good correlation between ocular symptoms elicited by EEC and those assessed during natural exposure. These validated methods allow to investigate the efficacy of novel pharmacotherapies for allergic conjunctivitis and allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in a real-world model of allergen exposure.

This study aims to summarize novel data regarding the impact of EECs in studying pathophysiology and drug efficacy in the context of existing clinical protocols related to ocular surface effects. In this regard, studies comparing conjunctival response during natural and EEC exposures in patients with pollen-induced conjunctivitis aimed to demonstrate better outcomes in tight-controlled exposures mimicking natural exposure. Because allergen challenges are widely implemented in allergy treatment, this article will focus on the most important outcomes and the evolution of treatments for allergic conjunctivitis.
Assessing Geographic Variation in Rates of Cervical Cancer and Recurrent or Metastatic Cervical Cancer Among Medicaid Enrollees
Authors: Leath Charles A. , Nysenbaum Jessica , Ting Jie , Zhang Yitong J. , Fiori Anthony , Pauly Nathan
Published: July 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate trends in prevalence of cervical cancer (CC) and rates of recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer (r/mCC) treatment initiation at the state and metropolitan statistical area (MSA) levels among Medicaid enrolled females from 2016 to 2019.

Methods:

Retrospective analyses of nationwide Medicaid claims data were used to identify adult CC and r/mCC patients from 2016 to 2019. CC prevalence was estimated as the proportion of females diagnosed with CC out of all adult female Medicaid beneficiaries, and r/mCC by the proportion of CC patients who initiated a systemic treatment not associated with surgery or radiation to the number of enrollees with CC diagnosis in each state or MSA. Overall and annual rates were calculated for each state and MSA from 2016 to 2019.

Results:

The analytic cohort included 70,865 adult female Medicaid beneficiaries with CC from 2016 to 2019, among whom 3375 were identified as r/mCC patients. Nationwide annual prevalence of CC remained relatively stable from 2016 to 2019, while r/mCC decreased slightly over the study period. Several MSAs experienced increasing rates of r/mCC from 2016 to 2019, including Mayaguez, PR, Aguadeilla-Isabela, PR, and Green Bay, WI.

Conclusions:

Claims data demonstrate areas in the United States with disproportionately high or increasing CC or r/mCC burden, indicating a potential gap in preventative care for females and an unmet need for education and health care resource allocation. Future research should evaluate associations between community-level factors and r/mCC burden.
Baseline serum HBV RNA is associated with the risk of hepatitis flare after stopping nucleoside analog therapy in HBeAg-negative participants
Authors: Thompson Alexander J. , Jackson Kathy , Bonanzinga Sara , Hall Sam A.L. , Hume Simon , Burns Gareth S. , Sundararajan Vijaya , Ratnam Dilip , Levy Miriam T. , Lubel John , Nicoll Amanda J. , Strasser Simone I. , Sievert William , Desmond Paul V. , Ngu Meng C. , Sinclair Marie , Meredith Christopher , Matthews Gail , Revill Peter A. , Littlejohn Margaret , Bowden D. Scott , Canchola Jesse A. , Torres Jason , Siew Philip , Lau Jasmin , La Brot Benjamin , Kuchta Alison , Visvanathan Kumar
Published: July 2023

Background and Aims:

HBV RNA in peripheral blood reflects HBV cccDNA transcriptional activity and may predict clinical outcomes. The prospective Melbourne HBV-STOP trial studied nucleot(s)ide analog discontinuation in HBeAg-negative non-cirrhotic participants with long-term virological suppression. Ninety-six weeks after stopping treatment, the proportion of participants with virological relapse (HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL), biochemical relapse (ALT > 2 × ULN and HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL), or hepatitis flare (ALT > 5 × ULN and HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL) was 89%, 58%, and 38%, respectively. We evaluated the ability of serum HBV RNA levels to predict these outcomes.

Approach & Results:

HBV RNA levels were measured using the Roche cobas 6800/8800 HBV RNA Investigational Assay. Sixty-five participants had baseline and longitudinal off-treatment specimens available for RNA testing. HBV RNA was detectable at baseline in 25% of participants and was associated with a higher risk of biochemical relapse (81% vs. 51%, p value 0.04) and hepatitis flare (63% vs. 31%, p value 0.04). Participants who had undetectable serum HBV RNA as well as HBsAg ≤ 100 IU/mL at baseline were less likely to experience virological relapse (4 of 9, 44%) than participants with detectable HBV RNA and HBsAg level > 100 IU/mL (15/15, 100%; p value 0.0009). Off-treatment levels of HBV RNA were correlated with HBV DNA and were associated with the risk of hepatitis flare.

Conclusions:

Serum HBV RNA may be a useful biomarker for guiding clinical decision-making before stopping nucleot(s)ide analog therapy. Baseline HBV RNA and HBsAg levels are associated with the risk of clinical relapse, hepatitis flare, and disease remission off-treatment.
In-vivo functions and regulation of polyphosphate in the vascular system
Authors: Huang Wen-Chan , Mailer Reiner K. , Renné Thomas
Published: July 2023

Purpose of review

Polyphosphate, an inorganic polymer consisting of linearly linked phosphate subunits, is ubiquitously found in living organisms. Functions and regulation of the polymer have been analyzed in plants, bacteria and yeast; however, the roles of polyphosphate in mammals are still emerging.

Recent findings

In contrast to synthetic polyphosphate that has been extensively utilized in ex-vivo studies, natural polyphosphate is complexed with bivalent cations (mostly Ca2+) and regardless of chain length, forms microparticles that are retained on the surface of procoagulant platelets, platelet-derived microparticles and cancer extracellular vesicles. On cell surfaces, these Ca2+/polyphosphate aggregates initiate the factor XII-driven contact system, triggering proinflammatory and procoagulant reactions through the kallikrein kinin system and intrinsic pathway of coagulation, respectively. Polyphosphate inhibitors interfere with thrombosis while sparing hemostasis, replicating the effect of factor XII neutralizing agents. Furthermore, polyphosphate binds to platelet factor 4, which has implications for autoimmune thrombotic diseases, such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), potentially contributing to their pathogenesis. The metabolism and organ-specific distribution of the polymer remain incompletely defined and is the topic of ongoing research.

Polyphosphate acts as a procoagulant and proinflammatory mediator. Neutralizing polyphosphate provides well tolerated thromboprotection, mimicking the effects of factor XII deficiency.