bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of synergic interaction of Syk inhibitors on antimalarial artemisinin activity
Authors: Τσαμεσίδης Ιωάννης
Published: January 2024

Ο πρωταρχικός στόχος της θεραπείας της ελονοσίας είναι η εξάλειψη της νόσου, η οποία περιλαμβάνει ταχεία και πλήρη εξάλειψη του παρασίτου Plasmodium από το αίμα των ασθενών. Συνδυαστικές θεραπείες με βάση την αρτεμισινίνη (ACTs) είναι ο κύριος πυλώνας της συνιστώμενης θεραπείας για την ελονοσία καθώς δεν υπάρχουν εναλλακτικές λύσεις. Δυστυχώς, η ανθεκτικότητα στα ACTs, αποτελεί ένα σημαντικό πρόβλημα για τον έλεγχο και την εξάλειψη της ελονοσίας που οφείλεται στο παράσιτο P. falciparum. Η ανάγκη για νέα φάρμακα κατά της ελονοσίας είναι πιο επείγουσα όσο ποτέ άλλοτε, με τα αναδυόμενα στελέχη του παρασίτου να εμφανίζουν πλέον ανθεκτικότητα έναντι των καλύτερων διαθέσιμων ανθελονοσιακών φαρμάκων. Πρόσφατα αποδείχθηκε ότι οι αναστολείς της πρωτεΐνης Syk αποτελούν μια νέα κατηγορία ανθελονοσιακών φαρμάκων που καταστέλλουν την έξοδο των μεροζωιτών από το ερυθροκύτταρο, στοχεύοντας σε αυτό. Στην παρούσα μελέτη, σκοπός μας είναι η αξιολόγηση της in vitro συνδυαστικής δράσης των αναστολέων Syk με τις αρτεμισινίνες και να κατανοήσουμε τη μηχανιστική τους αλληλεπίδραση. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν υψηλή συνεργιστική δράση μεταξύ όλων των δοκιμασμένων Syk αναστολέων με αρτεμισινίνες κατά του P. falciparum. Η ανάλυση του δείκτη συνδυασμού έδειξε τους ακόλουθους αναστολείς Syk ως τους πιο συνεργιστικούς με τις αρτεμισινίνες: P505-15, R406 και Imatinib. Επιπλέον, παρατηρήσαμε ότι οι αναστολείς Syk παράγουν μαζική συσσώρευση hemichromes στα μολυσμένα ερυθροκύτταρα, αυτό με τη σειρά του πυροδοτεί την ενεργοποίηση των αρτεμισινών και προκαλεί έντονο συνεργιστικό αποτέλεσμα όταν χορηγούνται σε συνδυασμό. Η συνεργική δράση των αναστολέων Syk βασίζεται σε έναν νέο μηχανισμό δράσης που δρα επιλεκτικά στα μολυσμένα ερυθροκύτταρα και επιτρέπει την ταχύτερη και αποτελεσματικότερη ενεργοποίηση των αρτεμισινών. Οι συγκεντρώσεις των αναστολέων Syk που απαιτούνται για τη συνεργική δράση των αρτεμισινών είναι 5-20 φορές χαμηλότερες από την μέσ συγκέντρωση IC50 που μετράται ως την άμεση επίδραση στην ανάπτυξη των παρασίτων. Οι συγκεντρώσεις αυτές αντιστοιχούν σε πολύ καλά ανεκτές δόσεις και μπορούν να επιτευχθούν γρήγορα μετά από χορήγηση από το στόμα. Συµπερασµατικά, τα αποτελέσµατά µας προτείνουν δυνητικά τους αναστολείς Syk ως µια στρατηγική κατηγορία φαρµάκων-συνεργατών για µια νέα ACT.
Roughness prediction of end milling surface for behavior mapping of digital twined machine tools
Authors: Shang Suiyan , Jiang Gedong , Sun Zheng , Tian Wenwen , Zhang Dawei , Xu Jun , Cheung Chi Fai
Published: January 2024

Background The quality of machined parts is considered as a relevant factor to evaluate the production performance of machine tools. For mapping the production performance into a digital twin machine tool, a virtual metrology model for surface roughness prediction, which affects products' mechanical capacity and aesthetic performance, is proposed in this paper. Methods The proposed model applies a three-layer backpropagation neural network by using real-time vibration, force, and current sensor data collected during the end milling machining process. A grid search plan is used to settle down the number of neurons in the middle layer of the backpropagation neural network. Results The experimental results indicate that the model with multiple signals as input performs better than it with a single signal. In detail, when the model input is the combination of force, vibration, and current sensor data, the prediction accuracy reaches the optimum with the mean absolute percentage error of 1.01%. Conclusions Compared with the state-of-the-art convolutional neural network method with automatic feature extraction ability and other commonly used traditional machine learning methods, the proposed data preprocessing procedure integrated with a three-layer backpropagation neural network has a minimum prediction error.
Inwestytura arcykapłana Jozuego w Za 3,1-7.
Authors: Tułodziecki Tomasz
Published: January 2024

Tradycje literackie ST o kapłaństwie powstawały w różnych epokach i różnych okolicznościach. Znajdziemy je zarówno w księgach historycznych (Wj, Sdz, Kpł), jak i w dziełach prorockich (Oz i Za). Szczególne miejsce wśród nich zajmuje Dokument Kapłański (P), którego ślady znajdujemy nie tylko w samej Księdze Kapłańskiej, lecz również w wielu innych fragmentach Tory, poczynając od niektórych tekstów Księgi Rodzaju. Jest on świadectwem szczególnej roli i władzy kapłańskiej, która przeszła w ręce tego stanu w autonomicznym Państwie Judzkim, po niewoli babilońskiej. Pewnym uzupełnieniem tradycji przekazania prerogatyw dotyczących zarządzania świątynią jerozolimską i sprawowaniem funkcji liturgicznych jest tradycja prorocka powstała po niewoli babilońskiej, której świadectwem jest opis inwestytury arcykapłańskiej Jozuego, zachowany w Księdze Zachariasza (Za 3). Jest o tyle oryginalny, że nie zatrzymuje się na przypisaniu i potwierdzeniu kompetencji arcykapłana w zakresie kultu, lecz poszerza zakres jego władzy w obszarze nauczania i zadań i funkcji społecznych. Arcykapłan w epoce drugiej świątyni przejął kompetencje, które przed niewolą babilońską należały do proroków i królów. Zwrócenie uwagi na kompleksowość powołania kapłańskiego w epoce powygnaniowej jest absolutnym „novum” proroka Zachariasza na tle innych tradycji kapłańskich ST.
Patient handling complaint strategies for health facilities and services at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital
Authors: Afkar Ulwan Khasyarahman Muhammad , Santoso Eka Budy , Putranto Ade
Published: January 2024

Through an effective complaint handling process, information from customers will be obtained as input in improving and developing agency service activities. Complaints are a form of dissatisfaction with information or services received. Thus, complaints can solve customer dissatis faction problems in hospital services to improve hospital quality. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of handling complaints at the PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. This research is qualitative. Subjects in the study were ten officers who often handled complaints. The study was conducted in 21 August-September 2023 at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. The availability of supporting facilities is adequate, including complaint channels via SMS, email, via telephone, suggestion box, complaint sheet. All staff have received training in effective communication. The flow and procedures for handling complaints have been maximized. However, their many complaints are still repeated. The process of monitoring and evaluating complaint han- dling reporting documentation has been running optimally. The response time for handling complaints is perfect because all cases are handled on average 1x24 hours, the response time reaches 95%. The handling of complaints at the PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital has been maximized but ineffective. The handling is not yet effective because the information system process does not support the complaint handling process, for example, the delivery of information to patients who have not been able to in realtime. The mechanism for handling complaints is carried out by submitting complaints verbally and in writing to the maximum extent.
Effectiveness of Solid Waste Extract from Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) as a Bioinsecticide for Controlling Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) Pests on Pomelo Plants
Authors: Tristiyanti Alvia Sefie , Hayani Alfitra , Ardianto Sandi Dimas , Kurniasari Laeli
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the effect of lemongrass waste extract on the mortality of whitefly and determine the optimal concentration of lemongrass waste extract to eradicate whiteflies within 24 hours. Lemongrass waste extract (leaves and stems) can be obtained through extraction using maceration. The waste is dried and ground to 60 mesh, then dissolved in 96% ethanol and ethyl acetate solvents at a ratio of 1:8 (w/v). Extraction is carried out over variable times of 2, 4, and 6 days. The optimal results are then used to create concentrations by dissolving 250 ml of distilled water in the mother solution, resulting in test solutions of 0, 200, 400, 800, and 1200 mg/L. Observations on the treatments are conducted after 24 hours, and the number of dead whiteflies is counted. Subsequently, the mortality of the whiteflies is analyzed. Based on the research findings, the highest mortality percentage after 24 hours is observed in the ethanol extract, with a dose of 1200 mg/L at 81.81%. After determining the mortality rates, probit analysis is conducted to determine the LC50 (Lethal Concentration 50) value. The optimal concentration for ethanol extract is found to be 1200 mg/L, with an LC50 of 885.102 mg/L. This indicates that lemongrass waste extract is moderately toxic to whiteflies.
Antagonistic Activities of Endophytic Fungi from Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) Stems and Leaves against Colletotrichum sp.
Authors: Puspitarini Sofia , Aji Oktira Roka
Published: January 2024

Colletotrichum sp. is one of the type pathogenic fumgi that can cause antachnose diseases. One of the plants that can be attacked by antrachnose is cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). This study attempts to determine the ability of endophytic fungi from the  stems and leaves cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). Methods: This study used dual culture method to determine the percentage of resistence to patogen Colletotrichum sp. and the area of growth endophytic fungi planted on PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar). Results:. There are 3 isolates from the stems and leaves of cayenne pepper that is JE-B4-C, JE-D5-C, dan JE-B1-C. Among all the isolates, the largest percentage of inhibition and  growth area endophytic fungi  were found in isolate JE-B4-C with each of  29,41% dan 58,04 cm2. Conclusions: Expected isolates  JE-B4-C derived from  the genus eupenicillium, while isolates JE-D5-C and JE-B1-C respectively derived from the genus Aspergillus and Neoscytalidium.
Virtual mutual care practices of Chinese people amid censorship during the initial COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China
Authors: Yang Minhui
Published: January 2024

The initial outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic hit Wuhan, China, in early January 2020, and restrictive lockdown measures were implemented. Risks of transmission and the lockdown measures severely disrupted everyday life and affected the well-being of local residents. Applying institutional ethnography and autoethnography, this study focuses on the virtual mutual care of Chinese social network site users, which attended to the hardship of local people through activities in cyberspace. Not only were the virtual mutual care activities lifesaving, as they tackled critical challenges of the affected residents, but they also had radical meanings, as they strived for solidarity and justice in the context of crisis.
Stories from Edzell Lodge children’s home in the 1940s and 1950s: lessons for practice and research
Authors: Cree Viviene E. , MacKenzie Bob , Edgar Douglas , Foy Rose
Published: January 2024

‘Gnatola ma no kpon sia, eyenabe adelan to kpo mi sena’ (‘Until the lion has his or her own storyteller, the hunter will always have the best part of the story’) (Ghanian proverb, available at: http://thelionandthehunter.org/). Historically, both the discipline and profession of social work have been imagined and constructed by those who oversee social work services – ‘the hunters’, according to the aforementioned Ghanaian proverb. Thus, it has been predominantly white, middle-class, non-disabled, mainly female, Global North voices that have determined what social work looks like and how it is carried out across the world. However, this is changing. Today, many more ‘lions’ are telling their stories, as this article demonstrates. Through the curated narratives of Bob, Doug and Rose, as well as that of their storyteller/collaborator, Viv, we learn that growing up in care in Scotland in the 1940s and 1950s was ‘confused and confusing’ for the children at the heart of it. Contradictory discourses competed for dominance, and the children experienced unintended consequences from the ‘care’ they received. While not attempting to universalise on the basis of three people’s stories, we believe that they have much to teach social work.
The future is here: digital technologies in social work practice
Authors: Alfandari Ravit , Whittaker Andrew , Helm Duncan , Killick Campbell , Gautschi Joel , Rölver Michael , Taylor Brian , Yde Nirmalarajan Liesanth , Suarez Holger , Middel Floor , Agu Lorraine , Bolin Anette , Raudava Vaike , Lamponen Tuuli
Published: January 2024

The Decisions, Assessment and Risk Special Interest Group of the European Social Work Research Association (DARSIG) dedicated a pre-conference event at the 2023 European Conference for Social Work Research in Milan, Italy, to the application of innovations using big data and machine-learning algorithms in social work risk assessment and decision-making processes. Here, we share some ideas from these discussions.
Developing and Evaluating the Fidelity and Understandability of Plain Language Summaries of Position Statements
Authors: Nygren Margaret A. , Linscott Robyn , Nagel Mike , Atkins Michael , Ward Julie , Alexander Jenny
Published: January 2024

The American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) and The Arc of the United States (The Arc) have a long history of taking jointly held positions on matters of public policy that affect people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). This article describes the methods used to develop and evaluate the understandability and fidelity of written plain language summaries of the organizations’ joint position statements for an audience of people with IDD who read. Implications for adapting source material for nonreading audiences are discussed.
In-water lidar simulations: the ALADIN ADM-Aeolus backscattered signal at 355 nm
Authors: D’Alimonte Davide , Liberti Gian Luigi , Di Paolantonio Marco , Kajiyama Tamito , Franco Noemi , Di Girolamo Paolo , Dionisi Davide
Published: January 2024

The Lidar Ocean Color (LiOC) Monte Carlo code has been developed to simulate the in-water propagation of the lidar beam emitted by the ALADIN ADM-Aeolus instrument in the ultraviolet (UV) spectral region (∼ 355 nm). To this end, LiOC accounts for reflection/transmission processes at the sea surface, absorption and multiple scattering in the water volume, and reflection from the sea bottom. The water volume components included in the model are pure seawater, Chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a), Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM), and/or a generic absorbing species. By considering the transmission/reception measurement geometry of ALADIN ADM-Aeolus, the study documents the variability of the normalized backscattered signal in different bio-optical conditions. The potential for data product retrieval based on information at 355 nm is considered by developing a demonstrative lookup table to estimate the absorption budget exceeding that explained by Chl-a. Results acknowledge the interest of space programs in exploiting UV bands for ocean color remote sensing, as, for instance, addressed by the PACE mission of NASA.
Effects of expanding imports on urban manufacturing employment: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Shiping , Zhao Chunyan
Published: January 2024

Full employment is important to promote the high-quality development of the urban economy. Using urban-level data on China from 2004 to 2018, we analyse the effects and mechanism of expanding imports on urban manufacturing employment. We use the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening Import to Promote Balanced Development of Foreign Trade issued by the China State Council in 2012 as a natural experiment to solve the endogeneity problem. We find that expanding imports significantly increases urban manufacturing employment. This conclusion is still robust after a series of robustness tests. Further mechanism tests reveal that productivity improvements and upgrades to product quality from expanding imports can explain increased urban manufacturing employment. The results of the heterogeneity analysis show that expanding imports promote manufacturing employment in large and medium-sized cities but not small cities. Expanding imports increases employment in manufacturing in cities in different regions, with the largest effects on eastern cities, the second largest effects on western cities, and the smallest effects on central cities. These results suggest that expanding imports is an effective channel for increasing employment.
Optimal allocation of distributed energy storage systems to enhance voltage stability and minimize total cost
Authors: Hany Ramy Mohamed , Mahmoud Tarek , Osman El Said Abd El Aziz , El Rehim Abo El Fotouh Abd , Seoudy Hatem M.
Published: January 2024

The enhancement of energy efficiency in a distribution network can be attained through the adding of energy storage systems (ESSs). The strategic placement and appropriate sizing of these systems have the potential to significantly enhance the overall performance of the network. An appropriately dimensioned and strategically located energy storage system has the potential to effectively address peak energy demand, optimize the addition of renewable and distributed energy sources, assist in managing the power quality and reduce the expenses associated with expanding distribution networks. This study proposes an efficient approach utilizing the Dandelion Optimizer (DO) to find the optimal placement and sizing of ESSs in a distribution network. The goal is to reduce the overall annual cost of the system, which includes expenses related to power losses, voltage deviation, and peak load damand. The methods outlined in this study is implemented on the IEEE 33 bus distribution system. The outcomes obtained from the proposed DO are contrasted with those of the original system so as to illustrate the impact of ESSs location on both the overall cost and voltage profile. Furthermore, a comparison is made between the outcomes of the Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) and the intended Design of Experiment DO, revealing that the DO has obtained greater savings in comparison to the ALO. The recommended methodology’s simplicity and efficacy in resolving the researched optimization issue make the acquired locations and sizes of ESSs favorable for implementation within the system.
I-MovE. An intervention to promote movement at childcare centers: Benefits for motor cognitive and socio-emotional development
Authors: Florit Elena , Bastianello Tamara , Andalò Beatrice , Majorano Marinella
Published: January 2024

The present contribution aimed to analyze the effects of a motor program intervention (i.e., I-MovE intervention) implemented indoors and outdoors at nursery school, on children’s motor, socio-emotional, and cognitive skills. The study uses a non-randomized pre-post test design. Participants were children attending twenty nursery schools in the North of Italy. The intervention activities were adapted to age: Level 1 activities were addressed to children between 6 and 12 months, and Level 2 activities were addressed to children between 13 and 43 months. Within each level, one group of children developed the intervention indoors (IN-group; Level 1: n = 10; Level 2: n = 104) and another group developed the intervention outdoors (OUT-Group; Level 1: n = 12; Level 2: n = 66). Finally, one additional group was involved as the control group (CONT-Group; Level 1: n = 15; Level 2: n = 98). Children’s motor, cognitive, and socio-emotional skills were assessed before and after the intervention by nursery school teachers. The main results showed that the motor intervention promoted children’s motor skills development in both groups (i.e., groups implementing Levels 1 and 2 activities) and the cognitive and socio-emotional skills in the older group (i.e., group implementing Level 2 activities), especially the group that performed the intervention outdoors.
A Tanítási Környezetet (TE) és a Tanári Oktatási Hatásrendszert (TASCQ) vizsgáló kérdőívek magyar nyelvű adaptációja kelet-közép-európai mintán
Authors: Csordás-Makszin Ágnes , Karsai István , Hamar Pál , Soós István
Published: January 2024

Vizsgálatunk tárgyát az oktatási stratégiákat kiváltó előzmények megismeréséhez alkalmazható Tanítási Környezetet (TE) és a Tanári Oktatási Hatásrendszert (TASCQ) vizsgáló angol nyelvterületeken alkalmazott kérdőívek magyar nyelvre történő adaptálása és pszichometriai elemzése képezte. Adatokat Kelet-Közép-Európában Szlovákia, Románia, Szerbia és Magyarország területén élő magyar ajkú testnevelő tanárok bevonásával gyűjtöttünk. A felmért adatokkal a pedagógusok köznevelésben tapasztalt tanítási környezetét és az önmeghatározás elméletben (Deci & Ryan, 2000) megnevezett motivációs stratégiák kialakításának hátterét kívántuk megismerni. A tanítási környezetben három területet vizsgáltunk: a tanóra időkorlátja, az iskolamenedzsment általi nyomás és az intézményben történő szakmai fejlődés lehetősége (Taylor, Ntoumanis & Standage, 2008). Az önmeghatározás elmélet három, a tanárok viselkedésén keresztül testet öltő, fő motivációs stratégiát határoz meg (autonómiatámogatás, struktúra és személyes odafigyelés). 2018 és 2021 között 376 testnevelő tanár (195 nő, 181 férfi) töltötte ki a Tanítási Környezet (Taylor, Ntoumanis & Standage, 2008), valamint a Tanár Oktatási Hatásrendszere (TASCQ – Belmont, Skinner, Wellborn és Connel, 1988) kérdőívet. A megerősítő faktoranalízis eredményei alapján az eredti Tanítási Környezet kérdőív faktorszerkezetét módosítottuk, illetve a kérdéssort két itemmel lerövidítettük. Így a módosítások után az illeszkedési mutatók: χ2TE-H= 95,70, az χ2/dfTE-H=2,33; CFITE-H=0,96; RMSEATE-H =0,06; IFITE-H=0,96. A belső konzisztencia - Cronbach α - értékei 0,66 és 0,85 között változnak, ekképpen megfelelnek az elvárt kritériumoknak. A Tanár Oktatási Hatásrendszere kérdőív faktorain nem változtattunk, viszont annak érdekében, hogy az illeszkedési mutatók elérjék a megkívánt értékeket, az eredeti angol nyelvű változatot nyolc itemmel csökkentettük. Így az illeszkedési mutatók: χ2TASCQ-H=44,18; χ2/dfTASCQ-H=2,59; CFITASCQ-H=0,96; RMSEATASCQ-H=0,06; IFITASCQ-H=0,96. Ebben a kérdőívben a belső konzisztencia értékei 0,66 és 0,73 között változnak, ami szintén megfelel az elvárt kritériumoknak.

Elemzésünk eredményei alapján megállapítható, hogy a kérdőívek alkalmazásával nyert adatok alkalmasak tudományos igényű következtetések levonására.
A Compact DQN Model for Mobile Agents with Collision Avoidance
Authors: Kamola Mariusz
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a complete simulation and reinforcement learning solution to train mobile agents’ strategy of route tracking and avoiding mutual collisions. The aim was to achieve such functionality with limited resources, w.r.t. model input and model size itself. The designed models prove to keep agents safely on the track. Collision avoidance agent’s skills developed in the course of model training are primitive but rational. Small size of the model allows fast training with limited computational resources.
Satu Tubuh, Dua Formasi Identitas: Anggota Laskar Partai dalam Kelindan Relative Surplus Population dan Lumpenproletariat
Authors: Haekal Luthfian
Published: January 2024

Artikel ini menelisik hubungan antara anggota laskar partai politik sebagai kelompok vigilante, pasar tenaga kerja, dan watak kekerasan di Yogyakarta. Dengan menggunakan teori Karl Marx tentang Relative Surplus Population (RSP) dan lumpenproletariat, artikel ini menempatkan anggota vigilante sebagai angkatan kerja yang terjalin dengan rezim buruh tertentu yang mendisiplinkan pasar tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa angkatan kerja yang tidak terserap di pasar tenaga kerja formal akhirnya bergabung dengan kelompok vigilante. Mereka adalah angkatan kerja yang tidak memiliki kualifikasi tinggi dalam hal pendidikan dan keahlian. Oleh karena itu, kelompok vigilante memberi mereka pekerjaan di sektor informal. Maka dari itu, mereka membalas budi dengan menjadi alat kampanye para patron vigilante. Kesimpulannya, artikel ini memposisikan mereka sebagai RSP yang stagnan dan RSP pauperism. Karena sifat kekerasan kelompok vigilante, mereka termasuk dalam lumpenproletariat.
Monarchie und Parlament in der politischen Theorie nach dem Wiener Kongress
Authors: Senigaglia Cristiana
Published: January 2024

Der Wiener Kongress wurde von dem Grundgedanken geleitet, sowohl Krieg als auch Revolutionen zu vermeiden und ein Gleichgewicht der Mächte in Europa wiederherzustellen. Dies implizierte in mehrerer Hinsicht eine Fokussierung auf die politische Funktion der Monarchie sowie auf ihre zentrale Bedeutung für die Erhaltung des Friedens und der Staatenordnung, welche man sich von der Wiederherstellung der prärevolutionären Herrschaftsverhältnissen versprach. In der inneren Politik wurde das Prinzip der Legitimität behauptet, was die Restauration der alten Ordnung und insbesondere der Monarchien in den Staaten, die vor der Französischen Revolution von einem König regiert worden waren, bedeutete. In der äußeren Politik wurde gleicherweise ein System des Gleichgewichtes eingeführt, welches auf der einen Seite die Entstehung einer einzigen Hegemonialmacht verhinderte und auf der anderen Seite aber internationale Bündnisse (die Heilige Allianz und die Quadrupelallianz) mit Versprechen auf gegenseitige Hilfe und Solidarität begründete, welche die reziproke Unterstützung der Monarchen in inneren Angelegenheiten rechtlich sicherten.
Monarch und Parlament: Der a-symmetrische Sonderweg zur parlamentarischen Monarchie?
Authors: Höbelt Lothar
Published: January 2024

Die Diskussion über Verfassungen auf dem europäischen Kontinent stand im 19. Jahrhundert unter dem Eindruck des englischen bzw. britischen Beispiels, Vorbilds oder Schreckbilds. Ein Parlament, oder besser gesagt: ein Unterhaus, denn darum handelte es sich in den meisten Fällen, das im Besitz des Budgetrechts war, konnte den Herrscher finanziell aushungern und ihn zwingen, zu seinen verantwortlichen Ministern ausschließlich oder doch zumindest in erster Linie Persönlichkeiten zu bestellen, die das Vertrauen der Kammermehrheit genossen, sprich: von der Mehrheitspartei nominiert wurden. Hatte sich dieses System eingelebt, so erfolgte ein Wechsel von Ministerien im wesentlichen nur mehr über den Weg von Neuwahlen: Eine Partei wurde von der anderen abgelöst - ein Muster, das ebenfalls wiederum auf das klassische englische Zwei-Parteien-System zurückgeht.
Stimulation of the calcium‐sensing receptor induces relaxations of rat mesenteric arteries by endothelium‐dependent and ‐independent pathways via BKCa and KATP channels
Authors: Carlton‐Carew Simonette R. E. , Greenberg Harry Z. E. , Connor Eleanor J. , Zadeh Pooneh , Greenwood Iain A. , Albert Anthony P.
Published: January 2024

Stimulation of the calcium‐sensing receptor (CaSR) induces both vasoconstrictions and vasorelaxations but underlying cellular processes remain unclear. This study investigates expression and effect of stimulating the CaSR by increasing external Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) on contractility of rat mesenteric arteries. Immunofluorescence studies showed expression of the CaSR in perivascular nerves, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and vascular endothelium cells. Using wire myography, increasing [Ca2+]o from 1 to 10 mM induced vasorelaxations which were inhibited by the calcilytic Calhex‐231 and partially dependent on a functional endothelium. [Ca2+]o‐induced vasorelaxations were reduced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS, L‐NAME) and large conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channels (BKCa, iberiotoxin), with their inhibitory action requiring a functional endothelium. [Ca2+]o‐induced vasorelaxations were also markedly inhibited by an ATP‐dependent K+ channel (KATP) blocker (PNU37883), which did not require a functional endothelium to produce its inhibitory action. Inhibitor studies also suggested contributory roles for inward rectifying K+ channels (Kir), Kv7 channels, and small conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channels (SKCa) on [Ca2+]o‐induced vasorelaxations. These findings indicate that stimulation of the CaSR mediates vasorelaxations involving multiple pathways, including an endothelium‐dependent pathway involving NO production and activation of BKCa channels and an endothelium‐independent pathway involving stimulation of KATP channels.
Game-based learning to improve diagnostic accuracy: a pilot randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Morgan Daniel J. , Scherer Laura , Pineles Lisa , Baghdadi Jon , Magder Larry , Thom Kerri , Koch Christina , Wilkins Nick , LeGrand Mike , Stevens Deborah , Walker Renee , Shirrell Beth , Harris Anthony D. , Korenstein Deborah
Published: January 2024

Objectives

Perform a pilot study of online game-based learning (GBL) using natural frequencies and feedback to teach diagnostic reasoning.

Methods

We conducted a multicenter randomized-controlled trial of computer-based training. We enrolled medical students, residents, practicing physicians and nurse practitioners. The intervention was a 45 min online GBL training vs. control education with a primary outcome of score on a scale of diagnostic accuracy (composed of 10 realistic case vignettes, requesting estimates of probability of disease after a test result, 0–100 points total).

Results

Of 90 participants there were 30 students, 30 residents and 30 practicing clinicians. Of these 62 % (56/90) were female and 52 % (47/90) were white. Sixty were randomized to GBL intervention and 30 to control. The primary outcome of diagnostic accuracy immediately after training was better in GBL (mean accuracy score 59.4) vs. control (37.6), p=0.0005. The GBL group was then split evenly (30, 30) into no further intervention or weekly emails with case studies. Both GBL groups performed better than control at one-month and some continued effect at three-month follow up. Scores at one-month GBL (59.2) GBL plus emails (54.2) vs. control (33.9), p=0.024; three-months GBL (56.2), GBL plus emails (42.9) vs. control (35.1), p=0.076. Most participants would recommend GBL to colleagues (73 %), believed it was enjoyable (92 %) and believed it improves test interpretation (95 %).

Conclusions

In this pilot study, a single session with GBL nearly doubled score on a scale of diagnostic accuracy in medical trainees and practicing clinicians. The impact of GBL persisted after three months.
Study on recognition and classification of English accents using deep learning algorithms
Authors: Ke Wenjuan
Published: January 2024

The recognition and classification of English accents have high practical value in areas such as security management and information retrieval. This study introduced two English accent features, filter bank (FBank) and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC), based on deep learning techniques. It then combined convolutional neural network (CNN), gated recurrent unit, and an attention mechanism to design a 1D CNN-BiGRU-Attention model for English accent recognition and classification. Experimental tests were conducted on the VoxForge dataset. The results showed that compared to MFCC, FBank performed better in English accent recognition and classification, and 70FBank achieved the highest F1 value. Among the recurrent neural network, long short-term memory, and other models, the BiGRU model had the best performance. The average F1 value of the 1D CNN-BiGRU-attention model was the highest, reaching 85.52%, and all the F1 values were above 80% for different accents, indicating that the addition of the attention mechanism effectively improved the model’s recognition and classification effectiveness. The results prove the reliability of the method proposed in this article for English accent recognition and classification, making it suitable for practical application and promotion.
A novel bearing fault detection approach using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Aydın Tolga , Erdem Ebru , Erkayman Burak , Engin Kocadağistan Mustafa , Teker Tanju
Published: January 2024

Bearing fault detection is an important part of mechanical equipment and rotating machinery. Bearing failure should be detected early because it can lead to property and safety losses. This study proposes convolutional neural network (CNN) based models for bearing fault detection. Since the main advantages of the proposed methods apply to different types of warehouse data, failure can be detected in a short time and applied directly to raw data. These new models achieve comparable or better performance compared to the existing models in the literature. Although the structure of the proposed models is simpler and the number of parameters used is smaller, these new models achieve successful empirical results. Data sets from CWRU and IMS were used to test the models. This study compares the proposed models with the existing models in the literature. It also compares the new models with the machine learning algorithms and obtains better empirical results.
Microstructure and properties of Mn–Si–Cr alloy steel modified by quenching and partitioning
Authors: Gu Jian , Li Dongqing , Liu Shengchun , Liu Zhen
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the influence of modification on the microstructure and properties of Mn–Si–Cr alloy steel. The results indicate that the as-cast microstructure of Mn–Si–Cr alloy steel is composed of black acicular bainitic ferrite lath and white retained austenite. The microstructure of the alloy steel changes to martensite, austenite, and carbide after quenching and partitioning treatment. After rare-earth magnesium modification and compound modification, the as-cast microstructure of Mn–Si–Cr steel becomes more refined and displays a more regular arrangement. Furthermore, the martensite and austenite grains in the modified samples show refinement, and the arrangement of martensite is more systematic. Additionally, the amount of austenite decreases, and the amount of carbides increases after quenching and partitioning heat treatment. In comparison with the unmodified samples, the modified samples show negligible changes in hardness. However, the impact toughness of modified quenched and partitioned steel increases by 20 %. Moreover, the wear resistance of compound modified quenched and partitioned steel is 38 % higher than that of the unmodified sample. The compound modified sample steel exhibits excellent wear resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties.
Where ‘Dewey’ Go from Here? Perpetuation of Difference in Public Library Knowledge Organization Systems
Authors: Westenberg Jadyn
Published: January 2024

Employed by libraries across the globe since its conception in 1876, the Dewey Decimal Classification System (DDC) is meant to organize non-fiction materials so they can be easily shelved, retrieved, and discovered by all who access them. Although this knowledge organization system uses Arabic numerals to categorize information, the system is far from objective; the assignment of meaning to those numbers introduces bias, especially when it comes to categorizing identities. Partially due to the time and place of its invention as well as the personal prejudices held by its creator, Melvil Dewey, in practice, the DDC marginalizes the vast majority of knowledge regarding any identities that deviate from the Christian, white, cisgender, heteronormative man. This marginalization takes many forms, including the assignment of a disproportionately small divisions (or sections) for certain racial and/or religious groups, the exclusion and delegitimization of some religious identities, and the derogatory naming of specific groups of people. Notably, the ways in which materials in public libraries are organized and presented can significantly affect how the knowledge they convey is understood. And so, the biases in the organization of knowledge concerning certain racial, religious, and LGBTQ+ minorities can negatively impact the social attitudes of the community that library serves. However, neither the DDC nor the public library are static, in fact, they act as reflections of our ever-changing social beliefs; the spheres of knowledge organization and of public knowledge are constantly reinforcing and reverberating off of one another, working in tandem to shape our perception of identity and difference.
Redefining Gatekeeping Theory For A Digital Generation
Authors: Chin-Fook Lianne , Simmonds Heather
Published: January 2024

Technological advancements and digital media have problematized traditional gatekeeping theory. This paper focuses on how the immediacy, authenticity, and transparency of digital media challenges the original theory of gatekeeping in terms of what defines a gatekeeper, the role of gatekeepers and the speed and flow of information as it pertains to understand those who control and influence the flow of journalistic content and information online. We suggest that news institutions are unsuccessful in attempting to re-appropriate control online by exercising traditional gatekeeping practices. Our new model transforms Shoemaker and Vos’ unidirectional flow model (2009) into a multidirectional flow by which all actors have the potential to influence one another and the flow of information. Digital media functions as a hub or nexus of information exchange and influence, connecting everyday individuals to organizations, by primarily channeling through the mediation of networked individuals and professional communicators; thus, gatekeeping is redefined online.
Antimicrobial and corrosion inhibition activity of Schiff base in mild steel of HCl and H2SO4 acidic solutions
Authors:   Research scholar, PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Erode Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Erode, Tamilnadu, India-638 009, Senthil Murugan K. , Mohanapriya T. ,   Associate Professor, PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Erode Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Erode, Tamilnadu, India-638 009
Published: January 2024

The purpose of synthesizing two different types of Schiff base compounds, such as 2-[(4-Nitrophenyl)Imino]MethylPhenol (2, 4- NMP) and 2-[4-MethoxyPhenyl)Imino] Methyl}Phenol (2,4-MMP), are to improve the corrosion inhibition efficiency of Mild steel (MS) using acidic solutions of 1M HCl and 0.5M H2SO4 and investigated antimicrobial activity against bacteria gram positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram negative Escherichia coli. The – NO2 and – OCH3 substituent groups effects in the Schiff base azomethine system [– CH=N] have been investigated. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis confirms a range of 1728 –1760 cm-1 , the formation of the azomethine system [-CH=N] in synthesized compounds. Besides, the potential of corrosion was investigated studied by electrochemical impedance studies (EIS), which indicated a high semicircle formed because of the high resistance of allowing the moving of electrons through the metal-electrolyte solution, besides acting as a mixed kind of inhibitor. 2,4-MMP has better inhibition behavior than 2,4-NMP. The morphology of mild steel surface was revealed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thermodynamic investigation showed that two synthesized Schiff bases have Langmuir adsorption isotherms with physisorption and chemisorptions mechanisms. Quantum chemical calculations have been investigated by density functional theory (DFT). These studies concludes that 2,4-MMP has a better corrosion efficiency found as 86.1 % compared with the 2,4-NMP found as 84.2% since the electron donating ability of the substituents – OCH3 to the electron rich azomethine system [-CH=N] group. Further synthesized compounds exhibits high activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli due to substituted groups.
Существительные с финалью -инг в современном русском языке
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Wydział Filologiczny, Katedra Językoznawstwa Slawistycznego, Romanik Anna
Published: January 2024

The focus of this publication is on nouns (nomina actionis) with the ending -ing which are recorded in modern Russian. These are both words taken from English and neologisms derived from native material. Both groups of lexicons were characterized taking into account their functional specificity, which became the main focus of consideration. Individuals recorded fromwidely understoodmedia (press, the Internet) and fromavailable lexicographic sources were analyzed. Additionally, attention was focused on the status of the suffix -ing in the morphological system of the Russian language. The proposed work uses classic research methods, i.e. synchronous description of factual material and contextual presentation of empirical base. The results of the analysis show stylistic and functional limitations of Russian neologisms with the suffix -ing, as well as evidence, on the one hand, of the growing derivative potential of the suffix -ing in Russian word-making and, on the other hand, of the continuing popularity of nouns with semantics of activities imported from English.
Teacher Stress and Free Time as a Space for Dealing with Stress
Authors: Jukić Renata , Ham Emanuela
Published: January 2024

The aim of this paper is to examine teachers’ stress and free time as a space for coping with stress. When teachers experience negative emotions such as anxiety or frustration due to some form of their work, this is referred to as teacher stress. Research shows that teachers’ reported stress levels continue to increase. Free time is a space where teachers can use external support and personal resources to mitigate the negative effects of teacher stress. From a pedagogical point of view, it is therefore important to design quality free time to prevent and reduce teacher stress and improve teacher well-being.
The Legacy of Vilnius University Professor Audronė Glosienė (1958–2009) as a Book Scholar
Authors: Navickienė Aušra , Kepalienė Fausta
Published: January 2024

The article scrutinizes the extensive body of work authored by the late Vilnius University professor, Audronė Glosienė (1958‒2009). The analysis employs a quantitative approach within the broader spectrum of the researcher’s publications. It encompasses a thematic and typological examination while revisiting the circumstances surrounding their inception. To conduct this study, the authors utilize specialized bibliographic tools tailored for this research. These tools adhere to a chronological framework, systematically cataloging the scholar’s diverse publications on book-related themes, including dissertations and students’ theses under her supervision. Additionally, the research incorporates Glosienė’s posthumously compiled document collections, housed in the Manuscripts Department of the Vilnius University Library. Other sources include informative and bibliographic publications chronicling the history of communication and information science over the past three decades, along with insights from colleagues’ memoirs. The findings of this research shed light on the position of Glosienė’s contributions to book studies within the context of Lithuanian academia. They underscore her impact on shaping the next generation of book scholars and graduates across various study programs within the Faculty of Communication at Vilnius University. Furthermore, the study highlights her role in molding the identity of communication and information sciences as an interdisciplinary field that unites various scientific disciplines in Lithuania.
NOAP — SCRIPT PACKAGE FOR PLANNING AN D ANALYSIS OF NEO OBSERVATIONS
Authors:   National Space Facilities Control and Test Center, State Space Agency of Ukraine, KOZHUKHOV О. М. , MEDINA M. S. ,   National Space Facilities Control and Test Center, State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: January 2024

We present a package of Python scripts NOAP (NEO Observations Analyzer and Planner) designed for the automatic planning of NEO observations, as well as analysis of already existing observations in the NEODyS-2 database. The package is divided into two parts: analyzer and planner. The analyzer automatically downloads data from the NEODyS-2 database, converts them by adding additional information, including the apparent speed of objects and observation errors along and across the track, and also provides a large amount of statistical data and graphs for the selected period. It can be done for several observatories at once. The planner also selects the objects of observation for the upcoming night and calculates their ephemeris with a given step in a fully automatic mode. The output data format of the scheduler allows its use both on semi-automatic telescopes and for fully robotic observations. NOAP has been successfully used for more than a year for planning and analysis of NEO observations by optical sensors of the National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of the State Space Agency of Ukraine.
PECULIARITIES OF THE DISTRIBUTION AND DETECTION OF COSMIC RAYS, GAMMA-RAY BURSTS, AND OTHER HIGH-ENERGY SOURCES
Authors:   Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Fedorov Yu. I. , Kolesnyk Yu. L. ,   Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sergijenko O. ,   Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasylenko A. A. ,   Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: January 2024

The importance of using databases of scientific space missions for fundamental astrophysical research is demonstrated. Based on the spacecraft data and the obtained solutions of the transport equation, the estimates of level of the cosmic rays modulation in the heliospheric magnetic fields were made. Based on the archives of ground-based and space telescope observations in the radio and optical ranges, the radio properties of a sample of isolated active galactic nuclei in the nearby Universe have been systematized. Opportunities that may arise from the databases of future multiwavelength space missions are also considered.
Historical overview to the management development process in Cuba
Authors: Ramírez-Álvarez Daylis , León-Reyes Yenisey , Bello- González de la Peña Vivian , Miranda-Lorenzo Yadney Osmaida , Quintana-Gazmuri Yoleidy
Published: January 2024

The world as a whole currently demands that all workplaces be led by their main resource: competent managers. One key factor that improves their comprehensive managerial knowledge and determines more effective executive roles is the training and development process. Due to its importance, this article aims at presenting a compilation of the main historical moments of the managerial training process in Cuba from the perspective of various authors and systematized by the researchers of this work. A qualitative methodology is employed, based on the review of documentary sources, from which the possibility of recognizing the evolution that has distinguished this process in the national context from a pedagogical point of view is derived. The results obtained show arguments that allow to assume the identification of success and failure factors to be transformed and developed as a process for which strategic actions can be traced to contribute to their improvement.
Prototype for a shallow geothermal installation for the air conditioning of spaces at a Colombian University
Authors: Gutiérrez-Soleibe Fernando , Blessent Daniela , Rivas-Cruz Fernando
Published: January 2024

From a literature review, various concepts and methodologies useful for the development of the preliminary stages of planning and design of a ground source heat pump were documented. A prototype of a cooling system for a room in the Universidad EIA was proposed. The heat pump selected to supply the demand has a power of 1-9 kW, and the proposed heat exchanger system corresponds to a closed-loop horizontal slinky-type with an approximate pipe length of 1,301 m, which was calculated through Excel spreadsheets and configured in three or six trenches with a total area required for the installation of 911 and 952 m2, respectively. These results provide the initial conditions for the implementation of an air conditioning project at the site, using shallow geothermal energy. Other alternatives for the heat exchanger systems and considerations for future projects are also presented.