bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Fertilizer and Manure on the Growth, Yield and Grain Nutrient Concentration of Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Different Water Management Practices
Authors: Islam MM AL Fakhrul , Khan Md Asaduzzaman , Bari ASM Fazle , Hosain MT , Sabikunnaher M
Published: January 2014

The experiment was conducted in the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University research farm, Dhaka, Bangladesh during December 2010 to April 2011 to study the effect of fertilizer and manure with different water management on the growth, yield and nutrient concentration of BRRI dhan28. The experiment consisted of 2 factors i.e. irrigation and fertilizer plus manure. There were 2 irrigation levels (I0= Alternate wetting and drying, I1= Continuous flooding) and 8 fertilizer treatment (T0: control, T1: 100% RDCF, (N100P15K45S20Zn2), T2: 10 ton cowdung/ha, T3: 50% RDCF + 5 ton cowdung/ha, T4: 8 ton poultry manure/ha, T5: 50% RDCF + 4 ton poultry manure/ha, T6: 10 ton vermicompost/ha, T7: 50% RDCF + 5 ton vermicompost/ha). There were 16 treatment combinations and 3 replications. Irrigation had no significant effect on the yield and yield parameters of BRRI dhan 28. The yield contributing characters and yields were significantly influenced by applied fertilizer and manure. The T5 (50% RDCF + 4 ton poultry manure/ha) showed the highest effective tillers/hill, plant height, panicle length, 1000 grain wt., grain yield (5.92 kg/plot) and straw yield (5.91 kg/plot). The higher grain and straw yields were obtained organic manure plus inorganic fertilizers than full dose of chemical fertilizer and manure. The highest grain (5.93 kg/plot) and straw yields (6.42 kg/plot) were recorded from I0T5 (Alternate wetting and drying + 50% RDCF plus 4 ton poultry manure/ha) and the lowest was found in I1T0 (Continuous flooding + control treatment) treatment combination. The highest concentrations of grain and straw N, P, K, S were recorded in T5 treatment. The levels of organic matter and nutrient concentration were increased in the post harvest soils due to added manure plus inorganic fertilizer. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17486 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 44-51
Study on the Growth and Development of two Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus undatus) Genotypes
Authors: Patwary MM Alam , Rahman MH , Barua H , Sarkar S , Alam Md Shamsul
Published: January 2014

A preliminary investigation was carried out under the AEZ- 29 at the Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Pahartali, Chittagong during December 2010 to May 2012 to evaluate two dragon fruit genotypes. The longer plant (272.13 cm) was recorded in HUP 002 while it was 263.34 cm in HUP 001 after one and half year of planting. Flower bud emergence took place after 17 months (on 9 May, 2012) in HUP 001, while it commenced in HUP 002 after 15 months (on 22 March, 2012). Flower bud required 28 days bloom from emergence and the fruit matured after 33 days from anthesis in HUP 001, while that required 35 days for HUP 002 and fruits become matured after 32 days from anthesis. Larger number (8) of flowers per plant was observed in HUP 002 while the lower was noted in HUP 001(6). Numerous anthers were observed below the stigma with attractive white petals in both the varieties. The fruit weights ranged from 200 -375 in HUP 002 but 150-200g in HUP 001. The edible portions were 91.0 and 92.0 with 12.0 and 11.4 % TSS in HUP 001 and HUP 002, respectively. Fruit pulp colour was white in HUP 001 while red in HUP 002. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17487 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 52-57
Milk Composition and Quality of Sahiwal  Friesian Crossbred Cow Studied in Malaysia
Authors: Talukder MAI , Panandam JM , Halimatun Y , Idris I
Published: January 2014

Six groups of Sahiwal-Friesian crossbred cows, namely M50-1, M50-2, M50-3, M56, M63 and M75-1 were evaluated. In total 180 cows were used and milk collected was evaluated for composition and quality. The effect of genotypes was significant (P?0.05) only for titrable acidity (TA) and milk yield (MY). The M50-1 had the highest milk yield per day (8.73 ± 1.65 kg) but this was not significantly different from the yields of M50-3, M56 and M75-1 (7.06 ± 0.84, 7.06 ± 0.96, 7.70 ± 0.82 kg), respectively. Lactation stage had significant (P?0.05) effect on milk yield, fat content, solids-not fat (SNF) content, total solid (TS) content, moisture content and specific gravity (Sp. Gr). Fat content at early lactation was significantly (P?0.01) lower than at middle and late lactation (3.69 vs 4.27 and 4.50, respectively). SNF content for middle lactation was significantly lower (P?0.05) than that at early and late lactations. At late lactation, TS and moisture contents were significantly (P?0.05) higher than those at early lactation. The range of milk composition and quality such as fat (3.96 - 4.50%), SNF (9.02 - 9.40%), TS (13.01-13.81%), moisture (86.26 - 87.07%), Sp.Gr. (1.030- 1.031), pH (6.74 - 6.91), TA (0.13 - 0.15%), MBRT (6.50 -7.40 h) belonged to normal range. M50-1, M50-3, M56 and M75-1 had higher test day milk yield. The optimum level of Friesian inheritance in combination with Sahiwal for MY appeared to be 75%, 56% and 50% with selection for milk production. The composition and quality of milk from the Sahiwal - Friesian crossbred cows met the required standard. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17488 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 58-65
Insect Pests of Yard Long Bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis L.) in Major Growing Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin MS , Rahman MM , Alam MZ , Awal A , Mazed MA
Published: January 2014

The survey was conducted in intensive yard long bean growing areas such as Jessore, Dhaka, Narsingdi, Comilla and Chittagong of Bangladesh to know the pest incidence and their level of infestation on yard long bean during March to October 2009. The study comprised of 75 sample farmers through intensive field visit for field data collection and inspection. Pest complex of yard long bean and their intensity of incidence were more or less similar in five surveyed areas and there were at least nine out of ten insect pests at different growth stages in each sample area, which were aphid, pod borer, thrips, red mite, leaf miner, leaf beetle, green sting-bug, jute hairy caterpillar, hooded hopper and semilooperin descending order. It was revealed that aphid and pod borer were the major insect pests in the study areas. They were found to severely infest in yard long beans. Semilooper caused minor damage which occurred only in Jessore, Chandina and Mirshawrai sample areas. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17489 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 66-73
Correlation and Path Analysis in Six Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) Genotypes
Authors: Emdad A , Hossain MI , Kabir K , Jahan MS
Published: January 2014

A field experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka with a view to study character association and path analysis in six strawberry genotypes. The trial was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Data on crown height, number of flower buds per plant, number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per plant, length and breadth of fruit and fruit yield per plant were collected. All the characters showed significant correlation with fruit yield. Path analysis revealed that crown height, number of flowers per plant and length of fruit had the positive direct effect on yield per plant. Number of flower buds per plant, number of fruits per plant and breadth of fruit had negative direct effect on yield per plant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17491 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 74-78
Adoption of BARI Recommended Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Varieties by the Potato Farmers of Bangladesh
Authors: Khalil MI , Haque ME , Hoque MZ
Published: January 2014

This study was conducted to determine the extent of adoption of BARI recommended potato varieties by the potato growers in three Upazilas namely, Pirgachha of Rangpur, Munsiganj sadar of Munsiganj and Shibganj of Bogra district of Bangladesh. To achieve the objectives, the present research was designed to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. The study areas were selected purposively considering highly concentrated potato growing areas. Total numbers of potato growers in the selected areas were 581 from which 231 were selected as respondents following proportionate random sampling technique. A pre-tested interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents during October, 2010 to February, 2011. The potato growers showed marked individual differences in their socio-economic characteristics and majority of them belonged to middle age category having small family size, primary level of education, small farm size, medium innovativeness and medium contact with extension personnel. The study revealed that the highest proportion (68.4%) of the potato farmers belonged to high adoption category; whereas 6.5 percent fall in medium adoption category and 25.1 percent in low adoption category of BARI recommended potato varieties. Extent of adoption of BARI recommended potato varieties were found more or less equal in three different study areas, where the highest (72.6%) portion of the potato farmers were in high adoption category in Munshiganj Sadar followed by 68.4 percent in Shibganj and 67.5 percent in Pirgachha. The studies also revealed that Diamant, Cardinal and Granola were the most popular varieties among all the released varieties of BARI and are largely grown in Munshiganj, Rangpur and Bogra, respectively. Farmers education and knowledge about potato cultivation technology showed significant positive relationship with their adoption of BARI recommended potato varieties. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17492 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 79-86
Evaluation of Direct Seeded Rice Planter under Minimum Tillage Practices
Authors: Islam AKMS , Hossain MM , Saleque MA
Published: January 2014

This experiment was conducted in the farmers field to evaluate the performance of a modified planter machine for establishing direct seeded rice during aman and aus seasons in 2010 with four tillage treatments: (i) conventional tillage (CT) (ii) strip tillage (ST), (iii) bed formation (BP) and (iv) zero tillage (ZT). In later three treatments, seeding and fertilizer application was done simultaneously in a single pass operation by the planter. Flute type seed metering device was tested to study the seed dispensing rate, placement of seed and fertilizers. Minimum tillage saved fuel consumption by almost 25-46% and could represent a 27-48% cost saving in land preparation compared to CT. In addition to fuel savings, substantial time savings and additional benefits can be achieved. Seedling emergence was not affected by tillage options which indicated that seeds were placed at proper depth. Seed meter worked well to dispense rice seeds by maintaining actual seed rate. Seeds were not broken due to use of flute type seed metering device. Yields were not significantly different among the tillage treatments. BP showed the lowest benefit-cost ratio due to higher input cost as well as gross margin was lower compared to other tillage treatments. Strip tillage performed better than the other two minimum tillage methods compared to conventional method. Planter reduced seeding time, saved fuel and labour costs compared to conventional method and helped in timely sowing. Minimum tillage may be adopted to establish dry seeded rice in High Barind Tract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17493 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 87-95
Efficacy of Some Rhizosphere Microorganisms in Controlling Fusarium Wilt of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
Authors: Sarker AM , Sultana N , Islam MR , Rashid M , Bhuian ZR
Published: January 2014

An experiment was conducted at the Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Net House of Plant Pathology Department, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during July 2011 to June 2012 to investigate the efficacy of some antagonistic rhizosphere microorganisms against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causing Fusarium wilt of tomato. Probable 20 antagonistic bacterial isolates and one antagonistic fungal isolate (Trichoderma harzianum) from rhizosphere soil were screened out against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Out of 20 bacterial isolates, only four (Iso-1, Iso-2, Iso-3 and Iso-4) were found effective in dual culture method. Out of all antagonists, Trichoderma harzianum produced the highest inhibition zone (75.75 %), while the lowest inhibition zone (28.39 %) was produced by Iso- 2. In blotter method, the highest prevalence of Fusarium oxysporum was observed in control (11.25%), while the lowest was in Iso-1 (0.58%) treated seeds. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17494 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 96-103
Evaluation of Growth and Yield of Four Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) Genotypes
Authors: Islam MS , Hossan MJ , Ahsan MK , Mehraj H , Uddin AFM Jamal
Published: January 2014

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield performance of four strawberry germplasms at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during October 2010 to April 2011. The experimental materials were four strawberry germplasms: V1 (SAU Line-01), V2 (SAU Line-02), V3 (SAU Line-03) and V4 (SAU Line-04). The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five replications. Among the germplasms the maximum number of flowers (32.5/plant), the maximum number of fruits (28.8/plant), the highest average fruit weight (12.3 g) and the highest total fruit yield (361 g/plant) were found in V1. Considering the overall results of the study, it may be concluded that V1 (SAU Line-01) is a promising strawberry germplasm for cultivation in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17495 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 104-108
Effect of Planting Density on the Performance of Hybrid Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Waterlogged Condition
Authors: Islam MS , Rashid MM , Mondal MK , Nath SC , Karim MR
Published: January 2014

The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of planting density on the performance of hybrid rice variety Aloran under water logged condition at the BRAC Agricultural Research and Development Center in Gazipur, Bangladesh during the dry (DS) and wet season (WS) of 2009. Different planting densities were maintained using different spacings and number of seedlings per hill. These include 25 cm × 20 cm, 25 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm with single seedling per hill and 20 cm × 15 cm with two seedlings per hill and 20 cm × 15 cm with three seedlings per hill. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Density of 20 cm × 10 cm with 1 seedling hill-1 i.e. 50 hills m-2 produced the highest grain yield of 7.5 t ha-1 and 4.6 t ha-1 in DS and WS respectively, which was significantly higher than the yield with recommended density (20 cm × 15 cm with 1 seedling per hill). This yield was increased due to higher number of panicles m-2. Increasing the seedling numbers hill-1 with the recommended planting density did not improve the yield of hybrid rice. This result suggests that higher planting density rather than increased number of seedling hill-1 is necessary for getting higher yield of hybrid rice in continuous water logged condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17497 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 109-113
Erratum
Authors: Editor The
Published: January 2014

In the paper entitled Insecticidal Activity of Some Plant Extracts Against Trogoderma granarium (E.) published in The Agriculturists 11(1): 103-111 (June 2013), the authors should be read as Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Sagheer, Ahmad Hammad, S. M. Mizanur Rahman and Mansoor-Ul-Hasan instead of Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Sagheer, Ahmad Hammad, S. M. Mizanur Rahman and Masoor-Ul-Hasan. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17498 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 114
Joule heating and MHD free convection flow along a vertical wavy surface with viscosity and thermal conductivity dependent on temperature
Authors: Parveen Nazma , Alim Md. Abdul
Published: January 2014

A numerical study is conducted to analyze the effect of Joule heating and MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) free convection flow and heat transfer along a uniformly heated vertical wavy surface with temperature dependent variable viscosity and thermal conductivity. The governing boundary layer equations with associated boundary conditions for phenomenon are converted to non-dimensional form using the appropriate transformations. The resulting nonlinear system of partial differential equations are mapped into the domain of a vertical flat plate and solved numerically by employing implicit finite difference method, known as the Keller-box scheme. The behavior of the fluid in the ranges of Joule heating parameter (0.02.0), viscosity parameter (0.020.0) and thermal conductivity parameter (0.0 10.0) are explained in details. It is found that the flow and temperature fields are strongly dependent on the above stated parameters for the ranges considered. The skin friction coefficient and the rate of heat transfer are also presented. The skin friction coefficient and the heat transfer for different values of Prandtl number Pr are compared with previously published work and are found to be in excellent agreement.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v10i2.11707
Comparative investigations in the effect of angle of attack profile on hydrodynamic performance of bio-inspired foil, (corrected)
Authors: Esfahani J. A. , Barati E. , Karbasian Hamid Reza
Published: January 2014

In flapping underwater vehicles the propulsive performance of harmonically sinusoidal heaving and pitching foil will be degraded by some awkward changes in effective angle of attack profile, as the Strouhal number increases. This paper surveys different angle of attack profiles (Sinusoidal, Square, Sawtooth and Cosine) and considers their thrust production ability. In the wide range of Strouhal numbers, thrust production of Square profile is considerable but it has a discontinuity in heave velocity profile, in which an infinite acceleration exists. This problem poses a significant defect in control of flapping foil. A novel profile function is proposed to omit sharp changes in heave velocity and acceleration. Furthermore, an optimum profile is found for different Strouhal numbers with respect to Square angle of attack profile.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v10i2.14229
Coupled heat and mass transfer by MHD natural convection of micropolar fluid about a truncated cone in the presence of radiation and chemical reaction
Authors: Chamkha Ali J. , EL-Kabeir S.M.M. , Rashad A.M.
Published: January 2014

An analysis is performed to study the thermal radiation and chemical reaction effects on coupled heat and mass transfer by MHD natural convective boundary-layer flow of a micropolar fluid over a permeable truncated cone with variable surface temperature and concentration. A suitable set of dimensionless variables is used to transform the governing equations of the problem into a non-similar form. The resulting non-similar equations have the property that they reduce to various special cases previously considered in the literature. An adequate and efficient implicit, tri-diagonal finite difference scheme is employed for the numerical solution of the obtained equations. Various comparisons with previously published work are performed and the results are found to be in excellent agreement. A representative set of numerical results for the velocity, microrotation, temperature and concentration profiles as well as the local skin-friction coefficient, local wall couple stress, local Nusselt number and the local Sherwood number is presented graphically for various parametric conditions and discussed.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v10i2.15898
Study on bow wave breaking around ultra large block coefficient ship
Authors: Ali Md Ashim , Suzuki Kazuo , Miyauchi Sou
Published: January 2014

Due to the increase of maritime transportation volume day by day it is necessary to design a ship hull having large carrying capacity with low resistance. In case of slow moving ships, usually wave breaking occurs in front of bow. A considerable portion of resistance occurs due to the energy dissipation of such wave breaking in case of Ultra Large Block coefficient Ship (ULBS) suggested by the authors. The key objective of this research work is to investigate the relationship between bow wave breaking and free surface disturbance function that may be used as a parameter for numerical prediction of bow wave breaking. In this regard, the experiments and numerical calculations have been carried out for six models of ULBS. From the results, it can be concluded that the wave breaking area in front of bow increases with the increase of surface integral of the square of free surface disturbance function, Froude number and block coefficient.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v10i2.16104
Dynamic response of tension leg platform with tuned mass dampers
Authors: Chandrasekaran Srinivasan , Kumar Deepak , Ramanathan Ranjani
Published: January 2014

Tension Leg Platform (TLP) is a taut-moored compliant offshore platform that deploys tethers under high initial pretension to counteract the excess buoyancy. TLPs show large amplitude responses under the encountered lateral forces, which challenges the serviceability of the platform in critical sea states. One of the passive control device i.e. Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) is attempted in the present study to control large amplitude motion of TLPs. In the present study, response control of TLP using single and multiple TMDs is compared. Optimized parameters of multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD) are obtained using H2 optimization algorithm for the maximum control of the motion of the platform. Based on the studies conducted, it is seen that MTMD systems show better response control in comparison to the single TMD. Higher robustness of the MTMD system is also examined to highlight the use of MTMD over a wide range of excitation frequencies in extreme sea states.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v10i2.16184
A numerical study: liquid sloshing dynamics in a tank due to uncoupled sway, heave and roll ship motions
Authors: Thuvanismail Nasar , Sannasi Sannasiraj , Vallam Sundar
Published: January 2014

In order to explore the physics implicated with the sloshing phenomenon subjected to independent regular sway, heave and roll excitations of the liquid tank system, theoretical studies are carried out. Four liquid fill levels with static liquid depth, hs, to the length, l of aspect ratio (hs/l) 0.163, 0.325, 0.488 and 0.585, are considered. The energy spectra of sloshing oscillation, their qualitative assessment and the harmonics present in the sloshing oscillation are studied. Frequency Response amplitude has also been presented. The study reveals that sway excites a particular mode of sloshing (primary harmonic) by fulfilling the resonance conditions and also excites secondary modes. However, the roll motion excites the first mode of sloshing irrespective of the excitation frequencies. The heave motion excites the particular mode which is assumed as an initial perturbation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v10i2.16215
MHD boundary layer flow on heat and mass transfer over a stretching sheet with slip effect
Authors: Kumar Rushi
Published: January 2014

The present paper is to investigate the effect of linear thermal stratification in stable stationary ambient fluid on steady MHD convective flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid along a Stretching sheet in the presence of mass transfer and Magnetic effect. The governing equations of continuity, momentum, energy and species are transformed into ordinary differential equations using local similarity transformation. The resulting coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations are solved using Runge-Kutta fourth order method along with shooting technique. The velocity, temperature and concentration distributions are discussed numerically and presented through graphs. The numerical values of skin-friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood Number at the plate are derived, discussed numerically for various values of physical parameters and presented through Tables.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v10i2.16400
Conjugate effects of temperature sensitive viscosity and thermal conductivity on free convection flow along a wavy surface with heat generation
Authors: Alim Md. Abdul , Akand M. Miraj , Karim M. Rezaul
Published: January 2014

The effects of internal heat generation on natural convection flow with temperature dependent variable viscosity along a uniformly heated vertical wavy surface have been investigated. The governing boundary layer equations are first transformed into a non-dimensional form using suitable set of dimensionless variables. The resulting nonlinear system of partial differential equations are mapped into the domain of a vertical flat plate and then solved numerically employing the implicit finite difference method, known as Keller-box scheme. Numerical results of the surface shear stress in terms of skin friction coefficient and the rate of heat transfer in terms of local Nusselt number, the stream lines as well as the isotherms are shown graphically for a selection of parameters set consisting of viscosity variation parameter e, thermal conductivity parameter g, heat generation parameter Q and Prandtl number Pr. Numerical results of the local skin friction coefficient and the rate of heat transfer for different values are presented in tabular form and graphically.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v10i2.9450
Characterization of Electron Beam Irradiated Poly Vinyl Alcohol/Poly Ethylene Glycol Blends
Authors: Ali Z. I. , Eisa W. H.
Published: January 2014

Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly ethylene glycol (PEG) blends were prepared and irradiated with different electron beam irradiation doses. The influence of the irradiation dose, and PEG content on the physico-chemical properties was investigated. The data regarding gel content demonstrated that the radiation-induced crosslinking of PVA and PVA/PEG samples increased as a result of increasing irradiation dose and decreasing PEG content. The swelling volume ratio shows an opposite behavior. The XRD parameters (crystllinity percent and d-spacing values) show a decreasing behavior for PVA and PVA/PEG blends as a result of either irradiation or blending PVA matrix with PEG. The DSC data illustrate a decreasing trend in melting point, glass transition temperature, and degree of crystallinity with increasing irradiation dose or PEG content.  Keywords: Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA); Poly ethylene glycol (PEG); PVA/PEG blends; Electron beam irradiation; Swelling volume ratio; Gel content; Structural characterization  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.13071 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 29-42 (2014)
Response of High Latitude Ionospheric TEC to Enhanced Radiation Fluxes during the Major Solar Flare Events
Authors: Purohit P. K. , Mansoori A. A. , Khan P. A. , Bhawre P. , Tripathi S. C. , Khatarkar P. , A. M. Aslam , Waheed M. A. , Gwal A. K.
Published: January 2014

We have investigated the response of ionosphere to major solar flare events that occurred during 1998 to 2011. The effect of enhanced radiation fluxes in the X-ray and EUV band on the GPS derived Total Electron Content (TEC) is examined. The data of X-ray flux from Geostationary Operational Environment Satellite (GOES) and EUV flux from Solar EUV Monitor (SEM) onboard SOHO spacecraft were correlated with the Total Electron Content (TEC) data of a high latitude station, Davis (68.570S, 77.960E). We found that peak intensities of X-ray and EUV flux correlate very well with the peak values of TEC. We also studied the correlation of peak enhancement of these fluxes with the peak enhancement of TEC and found that peak enhancement of these fluxes correlate highly with the peak enhancement of TEC than with the peak values themselves. It is also found that correlation is extraordinarily improved when these fluxes are multiplied by Cos(CMD) where CMD is Central Meridian Distance on the solar disc, thereby showing that the location of flares on the solar disc plays an important role while investigating the ionospheric influences of solar flares.  Keywords: Ionosphere; TEC; CMD; Solar Flare. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14100 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 43-49 (2014)
Biosorption and Characterization of Metal Tolerant Bacteria Isolated from Palar River Basin Vellore
Authors: Silambarasan S. , Abraham J.
Published: January 2014

Metal pollution is a growing problem and microbes have adapted to tolerate the presence of metals and even use them. The investigation was carried out to screen for bisorption property of metals by bacteria and check for correlation between tolerance to heavy metals and antibiotic resistance. Soil samples were collected from Palar River basin site of Vellore and five distinct bacteria were isolated. Antibiotic resistance (bacitracin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, rifampicin, penicillin and ampicillin) was checked and tolerance to heavy metals was screened (Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn). It was found that most of the bacterial isolates had multiple antibiotic resistances which might be due to the stress caused by heavy metals released into the Palar river basin, Vellore. The multiple antibiotics resistance of this bacterial species was found to be associated with tolerance to metals. Biosorption studies revealed that Alcaligenes faecalis could tolerate 59% Cd, 61% Pb, 40% Cu, 39% Zn and Staphylococcus aureus removed 60% Cd, 63% Pb, 42% Cu, 41% Zn and Streptococcus lactis absorbed 61% Cd, 57% Pb, 37% Cu, 38% Zn and Micrococcus luteus reduced 56% Cd, 61% Pb, 39% Cu, 41% Zn and Enterobacter aerogenes removed 60% Cd, 55% Pb, 62% Cu, 67% Zn. Keywords: Antibiotic resistant; Heavy metal tolerance; Biosorption; Metal polluted soils. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14678 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 125-131 (2014)
Study of the Smoke Propagation in a Road Tunnel
Authors: Kalech B. , Jouini B. , Bouterra M. , El Cafsi A. , Belghith A.
Published: January 2014

Road tunnels are increasingly built due to heavy traffic in dense urban areas. Knowledge of the spread of smoke is still limited. A numerical study on the smoke flow in a tunnel has been made using the model of small-scale tunnel. Effects of the longitudinal air flow on the flow structure, the temperature distribution and the smoke stratification of the fire in the tunnel have been considered by taking into account the inclination of the tunnel and the transverse positioning of the source. The results show that the spread of smoke is independent of the transverse position of the source in the fourth phase of the flow. The slope has a slight influence on the flow and promotes the flow stratification in a ascending slope. The longitudinal air flow promotes destratification of the smoke flow. The model was validated by comparison with experimental data obtained from fire tests (Wu et al.) in a small-scale tunnel.  Keywords: Tunnel fire; Smoke flow; Stratification; FDS  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14696 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 51-68 (2014)
Comparison of Regression Equation and Friedewalds Formula with Direct Measurement of Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Bangladeshi Population
Authors: Saiedullah M. , Chowdhury N. , Khan M.A.H. , Hayat S. , Begum S. , Rahman M. R.
Published: January 2014

Friedewalds formula (FF) is the most widely used formula in clinical practice to calculate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) from total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC). But this formula frequently underestimates LDLC. The aim of this study was to derive a regression equation (RE) to abolish the underestimation and to compare the performance of RE and FF in Bangladeshi population. RE was derived from 531 lipid profiles (equation derivation group) for the calculation of LDLC by multiple linear regression analysis. The RE was then used to calculate LDLC in another 952 subjects (equation validation group). LDLC calculated by RE and FF were compared with measured LDLC by appropriate statistical analyses. In equation validation group, measured LDLC, LDLC calculated by RE and FF were 2.97±0.81, 2.91±0.80 and 2.72±0.93 mmol/L respectively. Precision (r) was 0.9525 for RE and 0.9193 for FF. Passing & Bablok linear regression equations against measured LDLC were y = 0.9792x + 0.007 for RE and y = 1.1412x  0.6781 for FF. Accuracy within ±12% of measured LDLC was 79% and 57% for RE and FF, respectively. The derived RE is more accurate than FF for the calculation of LDLC in Bangladeshi population.  Keywords: Lipoprotein cholesterol; Friedewalds formula; Bangladeshi population.  © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14864 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 143-152 (2014)
Commutativity of Prime Gamma Rings with Left Centralizers
Authors: Dey K. K. , Paul A. C.
Published: January 2014

Let M be a G-ring. If M satisfies the condition (*) xaybz = xbyaz for all x, y, zÎM, a, bÎG, then we investigate commutativity of prime G-rings satisfying certain identities involving left centralizer. Keywords: Prime G-ring; Derivation; Generalized derivation; Left centralizer. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14872 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 69-77 (2014)
Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Cefuroxime Axetil in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: Binte Amir S. , Hossain M. A. , Mazid M. A.
Published: January 2014

The present study was undertaken to develop and validate a simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and reproducible UV spectrophotometric method for cefuroxime axetil using methanol as solvent. In this method the simple UV spectrum of cefuroxime axetil in methanol was obtained which exhibits absorption maxima (?max) at 278 nm. The quantitative determination of the drug was carried out at 278 nm and Beers law was obeyed in the range of (0.80-3.60) µg/ml. The proposed method was applied to pharmaceutical formulation and percent amount of drug estimated (95.6% and 96%) was found in good agreement with the label claim. The developed method was successfully validated with respect to linearity, specificity, accuracy and precision. The method was shown linear in the mentioned concentrations having line equation y = 0.05x + 0.048 with correlation coefficient of 0.995. The recovery values for cefuroxime axetil ranged from 99.85-100.05. The relative standard deviation of six replicates of assay was less than 2%. The percent relative standard deviations of inter-day precision ranged between 1.45-1.92% and intra-day precision of cefuroxime axetil was 0.96-1.51%. Hence, proposed method was precise, accurate and cost effective.  Keywords: UV-Vis spectrophotometer; Method validation; Cefuroxime axetil; Recovery studies.  © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.   doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14879 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 133-141 (2013)
Vertex Equitable Labeling of Cyclic Snakes and Bistar Graphs
Authors: Jeyanthi P. , Maheswari A.
Published: January 2014

Let G be a graph with p vertices and q edges and let A = {0, 1, 2,..., }. A vertex labeling f: V (G) ® A induces an edge labeling f * defined by f *(uv) = f(u) + f(v) for all edges uv. For , let vf (a) be the number of vertices v with f(v) = a. A graph G is said to be vertex equitable if there exists a vertex labeling f such that for all a and b in A, and the induced edge labels are 1, 2, 3,, q. In this paper, we establish vertex equitable labeling of square graph of and splitting graph of and kC4 snake(k?1) and the generalized kCn snake is vertex equitable if nº0(mod4),n?4.  Keywords: Vertex equitable labeling; Vertex equitable graph.  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.15044 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 79-85 (2014)
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance in Planktonic Luminous Bacteria of Indian Penaeid Shrimp Farms
Authors: Thangapalam J. A. , Sasmal D.
Published: January 2014

Prevalence of luminous bacteria (LB) in grow-out pond water and sediment samples, and antibiotic resistance among planktonic LB of two major shrimp farming States of India namely Tamil Nadu and West Bengal were studied. Luminous bacterial counts in the range of log 0.70-3.64/mL pond water and log 2.00-4.90/g pond sediment were recorded. The Tamil Nadu shrimp pond water recorded five planktonic luminous bacterial species, viz. Vibrio fischeri, V. harveyi, V. orientalis, V. splendidus biotype1 and Photobacterium leiognathi; while the West Bengal shrimp pond water had only two species  V. harveyi and V. splendidus biotype 1. Vibrio harveyi was the most dominant species in both cases, constituting about 90-97% of the total planktonic LB. Majority of the LB isolates from Tamil Nadu shrimp farms were resistant to ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, nitrofurantoin and oxytetracycline; while the West Bengal strains were resistant to co-trimoxazole and oxytetracycline. None of the 420 planktonic LB was resistant to chloramphenicol. The planktonic V. harveyi recorded minimal inhibitory concentrations ?100 ?g/mL for gentamycin, nitrofurantoin, oxytetracycline and co-trimoxazole. Multiple antibiotic resistance was significantly high (P<0.01) in planktonic LB of Tamil Nadu (67%) compared to West Bengal (44%).  Keywords: Shrimp farming; Multiple antibiotic resistance; Vibrio fischeri; V. harveyi; V. orientalis; V. splendidus biotype1. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.15329 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 153-159 (2014)
Heavy Metals Contamination Through Industrial Effluent to Irrigation Water in Gadoon Amazai (Swabi) and Hayatabad (Peshawar) Pakistan
Authors: Amin N. , Ayaz M. , Alam S. , Gul S.
Published: January 2014

Industrial effluents mixed water used for irrigation in vegetable growing area was tested for its heavy metal contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Sixteen water samples from different industrial outlets were collected and analyzed for different physical and chemical parameters such as temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, total dissolved solids and heavy metals, in the year 2011. The results showed Cu to be in the range of 0.102-0.260, Co 0.021-0.195, Fe 0.191-0.330, Pb 0.117-0.330, Cr 0.024-0.121, Mn 0.053-0.234, Zn 0.090-0.165 and Ni as 0.019-0.074 ppm. The overall metal concentration in the studied samples was in the order of Fe>Pb>Cu>Mn>Co>Zn>Cr>Ni (p < 0.05). pH was in the range of 3.1-8.7 and electrical conductivity was 325 to 1515 ms/cm. As all values were found to be increasing towards pollution limits, industrial effluents need a continuous monitoring and proper management before their discharge in order to reduce the future hazards in reference to aquatic and human life.  Keywords: Industrial effluents; Irrigation water; Heavy metals; Pollution.  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.   doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16336 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 111-124 (2014)
Relationship between Body Weight and Linear Body Measurements in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Victoria O. , Fayeye T. R. , Ayorinde K. Luke , Olojede H.
Published: January 2014

A total of 108 two-weeks-old Japanese quail chicks were used to study the relationship between body weight and linear measurements and to predict body weight from linear measurements of body length (BL), body girth (BG), wing length (WL), shank length (SL), shank diameter (SD) and drum stick (DS).The results showed that the mean quail birds body weights were 35.23g and 143.78g, at 2nd and 8th weeks, respectively. Body weight gain was increased between 2 and 6 weeks of age and thereafter decreased with advancing age. Female birds were significantly (P< 0.05) heavier than those of male counterpart at 6th and 8th weeks of age. Significantly positive correlations (P<0.01) were obtained between body weight and body measurements at 2nd, 4th and 8th weeks. The best correlation was obtained between body weight and body girth at the 2nd week of age (0.70). The estimates of coefficient of determination and predictive equations show that body weight in Japanese quail is linearly related to body measurements especially with body girth and body length. The study shows that it is possible for breeders to use BG and BL as criteria for assessment and early selection of Japanese quail for body weight.  Keywords: Japanese quail; Body weight; Linear measurements; Correlation  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16368 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 175-183 (2014)
Mouth Morphometry and Architecture of Freshwater Cat Fish Mystus vittatus Bloch (1974) (Siluriformes, Bagridae) in Relation to its Feeding Habit
Authors: Chattopadhyay S. , Nandi S. , Saikia S. K.
Published: January 2014

Mouth morphology and architecture of a freshwater cat fish Mystus vittatus was studied in relation to its food and feeding habits. The fish has small mouth and predates mainly on small sized preys. It possesses terminal mouth, equipped with villiform teeth on both lower and upper jaw. Lower jaw also bears molariform teeth in addition to villiforms teeth to grasp and prevent the escape of prey. Lack of papilliform teeth and prominent microridges suggest its plankton feeding habits and poor test sensation on captured preys.  Keywords: Dentition; Carnivorous; Molariform; Villiform  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16369 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 169-174 (2014)
Performance Study of Global Circulation Model HADCM3 Using SDSM for Temperature and Rainfall in North-Eastern Bangladesh
Authors: Nury A. H. , Alam M. J. B.
Published: January 2014

This paper describes application of a statistical downscaling model to study the performance of the global circulation model HADCM3 (Hadley centre coupled model, version 3) for the Sylhet and Moulvibazar districts (North-eastern region) of Bangladesh. Predictors of HADCM3 have been downscaled by statistical downscaling model (SDSM). Daily observed temperature and rainfall data from 1981 to 2006 was used to conduct the calibration and 2007 to 2011 was used for validation using SDSM. Percent of bias (PBIAS), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and modified index of agreement are also used for the assessment of downscaled temperature and rainfall data. PBIAS of downscaled temperature is the least (-0.30%), NSE (0.80) and modified index of agreement (0.83) is the highest for daily maximum temperature at Sylhet station. Among five rainfall stations, PBIAS of downscaled rainfall is the least (1.31%), NSE (0.76) and modified index of agreement (0.79) is the highest at Kanairghat station. The downscaled temperature and rainfall data approximately agree with the observed data.  Keywords: Temperature; Rainfall; SDSM; Downscaling; Validation; PBIAS; NSE.  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16511 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 87-96 (2014)
Structural and Optical Studies of Potential Ferroelectric Crystal: KDP Doped TGS
Authors: Deepti P. R. , Shanti J.
Published: January 2014

Triglycine sulphate (TGS), an important ferroelectric material has been widely used in the fabrication of high sensitivity infrared detectors at room temperature. Single crystals of KDP doped TGS was grown by slow evaporation method at room temperature in this study. The grown crystal was characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction studies, and ferroelectric studies. KDP doped TGS crystals were found to be highly transparent and full faced. The experimental results evidence the suitability of the grown crystal for optoelectronic applications.  Keywords: Crystal growth; KDP-doped TGS; Ferroelectric studies  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16584 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 1-9 (2014)
New MAX Phase Superconductor Ti2GeC: A First-principles Study
Authors: Hadi M. A. , Roknuzzaman M. , Parvin F. , Naqib S. H. , Islam A. K. M. A. , Aftabuzzaman M.
Published: January 2014

This is the first DFT-based first-principles prediction of the detailed optical and thermodynamic properties, including Vickers hardness and Fermi surface of 211 MAX phase Ti2GeC for which superconductivity (Tc~ 9.5 K) was reported very recently. The calculated structural properties are in excellent agreement with experiments. Our results on elastic parameters indicate a slight elastic anisotropy and brittleness of the compound. The chemical bonding is seen to be a combination of covalent, ionic and metallic nature. The rather stronger covalent bonding is responsible for its high Vickers hardness of 11.6 GPa. The investigated Fermi surface is formed mainly by the low-dispersive bands, which should be responsible for the presence of superconductivity in Ti2GeC. All the optical properties are evaluated and analyzed for two different polarization directions of incident photon. The temperature and pressure dependence of primitive cell volume, thermal expansion coefficient, specific heats, bulk modulus, and Debye temperature of Ti2GeC are derived from the quasi-harmonic Debye model with phononic effect and the various implications are discussed in details.  Keywords: First-principles calculation; Vickers hardness; Optical properties; Thermodynamic properties. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16604 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 11-27 (2014)
A New combination in Baccaroides Moench (Asteraceae) from India
Authors: Kumar E. S. S.
Published: January 2014

A new combination in Baccaroides viz. B. rangacharii (Gamble) Punekar and Vasudeva Rao var. agastyamalayanum (Geetha Kumary, Santhosh Kumar et Pandurangan) Santhosh Kumar is proposed.  Keywords: New combination; Asteraceae; India  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16632 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 191-192 (2014)