bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do	Social and economic empowerment attain through mobile banking? An empirical assessment
Authors: Jain Pooja , Kumar Sharma Bhuvanesh , Gautam Umesh , Parihar Anil Singh , Siddiqui Zeba
Published: September 2024

Financial inclusion has proven to be the most effective tool for overcoming poverty and enhancing underprivileged individuals' social and economic status. However, the role of mobile banking in achieving financial inclusion remains unclear. Therefore, this research investigates the relationship between mobile banking adoption and financial inclusion. Data from two hundred twenty-three respondents was collected through online surveys conducted in countries such as India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. A confirmatory factor analysis was utilized to assess the validity of the data gathered from respondents. Structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypothesis and analyze the structural relationships. The results indicated that mobile banking adoption positively influences financial inclusion, contributing to social and economic empowerment. However, this analysis focuses solely on the role of mobile banking in the social and economic empowerment of individuals. Future studies may consider additional variables related to financial inclusion. The findings of this study are beneficial for banking institutions to understand the factors influencing customer adoption behavior towards mobile banking in South Asian countries. Additionally, the results are valuable for policymakers and managers in implementing effective strategies to attract non-users and potential mobile banking customers, thereby enhancing the impact of digital financial inclusion on society. This analysis is original and offers novelty in mediating the role of financial inclusion in social and economic empowerment through mobile banking adoption.
Relationship of Supply Chain Finance and Sustainable Financial Performance: A Bibliometric Analysis of Publication Trends using VOSviewer
Authors: Astuti Murwani , Rahmawati Alni
Published: September 2024

Sustainability has become prominent issue in supply chain management research over the past two decades, driven by globalization, environmental concerns, the 2015 Sustainable Development Goals and the COVID-19 pandemic. However, sustainability research in supply chain management lacks depth and innovation, particularly in integrating sustainable practices and supply chain finance solutions. The main objective of this research was to examine research progress in supply chain finance and its impact on sustainable financial performance. The Scopus database was used to analyze a study on the correlation between supply chain finance and sustainable financial performance from 2009 to April 2024. This study highlighted the importance of integrating financial and operational strategies for long-term success in supply chain management, with the largest point being sustainable development. A thorough review will be advantageous for future researchers, as it will assist them in constructing a conceptual framework that offers a comprehensive understanding of global research.
Enhancing Sustainability in Small and Medium Enterprises through Performance, and Entrepreneurial Orientation, with Moderating Effects of Environmental Dynamics and Capital Accessibility
Authors: Astuty Isthofaina , Handari Wahyuningsih Sri
Published: September 2024

Small and medium businesses play a crucial role in national economic affairs, requiring contributions from various factors to support their performance. In Indonesia, SMEs encounter varying levels of environmental dynamics based on industry characteristics, directly impacting resource acquisition, marketing strategies, and overall performance. Additionally, SMEs require an entrepreneurial orientation fostering innovation and risk-taking to ensure business success. Thus, this research aims to analyze and explore the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on SME performance, with a focus on assisting and promoting Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Furthermore, the study seeks to examine whether environmental dynamics and access to capital moderate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance. The sample for this research comprises 139 small and medium businesses affiliated with Bank Indonesia and PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia in Yogyakarta, with assistance provided by both companies. A mixed-method approach was employed, utilizing PLS analysis to test hypotheses. Results indicate that entrepreneurial orientation significantly influences SME performance within Bank Indonesia and PT Bank BRI. Conversely, environmental dynamics and capital access do not significantly moderate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and SME performance. However, qualitative analysis suggests that SMEs still require assistance, particularly in continuing CSR programs to enhance performance..
Analysis Of The Influence Of Social Media Marketing And Co-Creation Behavior On Brand Equity Through Mediation Brand Experience Of Automotive Products In Indonesia
Authors: Yap Yonathan William , Suwarno
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of social media marketing and co-creation activity on brand equity in the automotive industry in Indonesia. In this relationship, brand experience is the mediating variable. The study employed a quantitative methodology, gathering data from 116 participants through online questionnaires. The acquired data was then analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings suggest that engaging in social media marketing has a beneficial impact on brand equity, but it does not directly affect brand experience. The brand experience directly impacts brand equity. social media marketing has a beneficial impact on brand equity, but it does not directly affect brand experience. The brand experience directly impacts brand equity. This study demonstrates that brand experience does not act as a mediator in the context of social media marketing. However, it does act as a mediator in the case of co-creation behaviour.
Extraction of ketamine and dexmedetomidine by extracorporeal life support circuits
Authors: Chevalier Andrew , Porter Hunt J. , Whelan Aviva , McKnite Autumn , Watt Kevin M. , Green Danielle J.
Published: September 2024

Background: Patients supported with extracorporeal life support (ECLS) circuits such as ECMO and CRRT often require high doses of sedatives and analgesics, including ketamine and dexmedetomidine. Concentrations of many medications are affected by ECLS circuits through adsorption to the circuit components, dialysis, as well as the large volume of blood used to prime the circuits. However, the impact of ECLS circuits on ketamine and dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetics has not been well described. This study determined ketamine and dexmedetomidine extraction by extracorporeal circuits in an ex-vivo system. Methods: Medication was administered at therapeutic concentration to blood-primed, closed-loop ex-vivo ECMO and CRRT circuits. Drug concentrations were measured in plasma, hemofiltrate, and control samples at multiple time points throughout the experiments. At each sample time point, the percentage of drug recovery was calculated. Results: Ketamine plasma concentration in the ECMO and CRRT circuits decreased rapidly, with 43.8% recovery (SD = 0.6%) from ECMO circuits after 8 h and 3.3% (SD = 1.8%) recovery from CRRT circuits after 6 h. Dexmedetomidine was also cleared from CRRT circuits, with 20.3% recovery (SD = 1.8%) after 6 h. Concentrations of both medications were very stable in the control experiments, with approximately 100% drug recovery of both ketamine and dexmedetomidine after 6 h. Conclusion: Ketamine and dexmedetomidine concentrations are significantly affected by ECLS circuits, indicating that dosing adjustments are needed for patients supported with ECMO and CRRT.
Données synthétiques en médecine : génération, évaluation et limites
Authors: Benani Alaedine , Vibert Julien , Demuth Stanislas
Published: September 2024

Recent technological advances in data science hold great promise in medicine. Large-sized high-quality datasets are essential but often difficult to obtain due to privacy, cost, and practical challenges. Here, we discuss synthetic data’s generation, evaluation, and regulation, highlighting its current applications and limits.
Thérapie génique in vivo : une approche modulaire
Authors: Jordan Bertrand
Published: September 2024

In vivo inactivation of a deleterious gene has been achieved in a small trial, with excellent clinical results. Interestingly, the delivery and editing system is the same as in previous work on a different disease, and the new therapy required simply changing the guide RNA used to target the Cas9 nuclease. This modular approach could be extended to a number of other genetic diseases.
Stress shielding in stemmed reverse shoulder arthroplasty: an updated review
Authors: Vasiliadis Angelo V. , Giovanoulis Vasileios , Lepidas Nikolaos , Bampis Ioannis , Servien Elvire , Lustig Sebastien , Gunst Stanislas
Published: September 2024

Background: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is popular for the treatment of degenerative glenohumeral joint disease. Bone remodeling around the humeral stem related to stress shielding (SS) has been described. This review focuses on the specific radiological characteristics, risk factors, and clinical consequences of SS in RSA.Methods: A meticulous review was conducted of articles published between 2013 and 2023. Data on the definition, risk factors, and clinical impact of stress shielding were recorded.Results: Twenty-eight studies describing 2691 patients who had undergone RSA were included. The mean age of patients ranged from 63 to 80 years with mean follow-up periods of 12 months to 9.6 years. The prevalence of SS reached up to 39% at a 2-year follow-up. Females and elderly are typically at higher risk due to osteopenia. SS was more frequent with the use of long stems(>100 mm) compared to short stems(<100 mm). Stem design, onlay or inlay, and neck-shaft-angle did not influence SS. Frontal misalignment and a high filling ratio are riskfactors for SS. Biological factors also contribute to SS, associated with scapular notching. No correlation was found between SS and clinical outcomes.Conclusions: SS is common in patients with cementless implants after RSA, especially in female and elderly patients. It can be limited by implanting stems with a low diaphyseal filling-ratio, in correct coronal alignment. Risk factors for polyethylene debris, primarily scapular notching, should be avoided. The authors found no clinical consequences of stress shielding, but longer-term follow-up studies are required to confirm these findings.
How to start with hip arthroscopy in a safe and effective manner, using an evidence-based approach
Authors: Follet L. , Khanduja V. , Thevendran G. , Ayeni O. , Shanmugasundaram S. , Abd El-Radi M. , Said H. , Abdelazeem A. , Slullitel P. , Marin-Peña O. , Audenaert E.
Published: September 2024

Hip arthroscopy is a rapidly evolving field in orthopedics, offering diagnostic and therapeutic benefits for a range of hip pathologies. This review outlines a comprehensive guide to initiating hip arthroscopy safely and effectively using evidence-based practices. Optimal surgical outcomes depend on correct indications for surgery, in particular in the presence of borderline dysplasia and degenerative joint diseases. Proper patient counseling and setting realistic expectations are crucial for satisfactory outcomes and recovery. Physical examination, radiographs, MRI, and CT scans are essential for accurate diagnosis. In case of diagnostic uncertainty, the use of intra-articular injections can help confirm the diagnosis before surgery. Techniques for hip arthroscopy include central compartment first, peripheral compartment first, and outside-in approaches. Each technique has advantages, and the optimal approach depends on the specific case. Finally, Proper operating room setup, meticulous patient positioning, and precise portal placement are critical for a successful procedure. A thorough understanding of the safe zone anatomy for portal placement is essential to minimize the risk of neurovascular complications. In conclusion, this manuscript provides a detailed, evidence-based framework for starting hip arthroscopy, emphasizing the importance of technical proficiency, patient selection, and a multidisciplinary approach to ensure patient safety and procedure efficacy.
Der Stoffwechsel und die Motivation: Ein
Teufelskreis?
Authors: Kretschmer Alina Chloé , Arjune Sita , Thanarajah Sharmili Edwin , Hanssen Ruth
Published: September 2024

Die zunehmende Adipositas-Pandemie stellt eines der größten Gesundheitsprobleme
des 21. Jahrhunderts dar, mit zahlreichen Komorbiditäten und dramatisch erhöhter
Morbidität und Mortalität. Während übermäßige Nahrungsaufnahme und verminderte
körperliche Aktivität als Hauptursachen bekannt sind, bleiben die
zugrundeliegenden Mechanismen dieses maladaptiven langfristig
gesundheitsschädlichen Verhaltens unzureichend verstanden. Dieser Artikel
beleuchtet die Rolle des mesolimbischen dopaminergen Systems in
Entscheidungsprozessen für belohnungsbezogenes Verhalten, insbesondere in Bezug
auf Ernährung, sowie die pathophysiologische Dysregulation dieser
Verhaltensprozesse bei Adipositas. Da das Zusammenspiel von Stoffwechselsignalen
und Umweltreizen im Gehirn wesentlich unser adaptives Verhalten steuert, könnte
ein besseres Verständnis dieser Prozesse zu wirksameren präventiven und
therapeutischen Strategien für Adipositas und ihre Folgen führen.
Adipositas-Versorgung von Erwachsenen in Deutschland – Aktuelles für
die Praxis
Authors: Blüher Matthias , Aberle Jens , Clever Susan , Otto Mirko , Pfeiffer Andreas F.H. , Rötzer René , Schnell Oliver , Sandow Petra
Published: September 2024

Adipositas ist eine chronische Erkrankung mit erheblichen körperlichen und
psychischen Beeinträchtigungen. Die Therapie basiert auf
Lebensstilmodifikationen, pharmakologischen Interventionen und chirurgischen
Eingriffen. Das Ziel der Adipositastherapie ist es neben der Gewichtsreduktion,
den Gesundheitszustand zu verbessern und adipositas-assoziierte Folgen wie
beispielsweise kardiovaskuläre, metabolische oder psychische Erkrankungen zu
verhindern oder besser zu therapieren. Die Versorgung von Menschen mit
Adipositas in Deutschland beruht in wesentlichen Teilen auf nicht von den
Krankenkassen erstatteten Leistungen und ist auch deshalb unzureichend. Die
Versorgungssituation könnte sich zukünftig durch kürzlich beschlossene und im
Bundesanzeiger veröffentlichte Richtlinien für ein Disease-Management-Programm
(DMP) Adipositas deutlich verbessern.
Einflussfaktoren auf die Beweglichkeit
Authors: Krause Frieder , Wilke Jan
Published: September 2024

Beweglichkeit ist – neben Ausdauer, Kraft, Schnelligkeit und Koordination – eine der 5 motorischen Fähigkeiten, die das Leistungsvermögen wesentlich mitbestimmen. Sportlerinnen und Sportler, aber auch deren Betreuerinnen und Betreuer sollten daher wissen, welche Faktoren die Beweglichkeit beeinflussen und ob bzw. wie diese modifizierbar sind.
Rückenschmerzen im Leistungsturnen: Was hilft wirklich?
Authors: Jackwerth Isabelle , Barthel Claudia , Wittelsberger Rita
Published: September 2024

Das (Leistungs-)Turnen zählt zu den Sportarten mit einem erhöhten Risiko für lumbale Rückenschmerzen. Bisher mangelt es jedoch an aktuellen Forschungsarbeiten, die sich gezielt mit präventiven und therapeutischen Maßnahmen von Rückenschmerzen im Leistungsturnen beschäftigen.
10 Years of Antenatal Hydronephrosis Experience: Comparing Two
Different Guidelines
Authors: Ensari Esra , Yavascan Onder , Alparslan Caner , Oncel Elif Perihan , Maden Aslıhan Arslan , Demir Belde Kasap , Alaygut Demet , Ozdemir Tunc
Published: September 2024

Background Antenatal hydronephrosis refers to the dilation of the renal
pelvis and/or calyces in the developing fetus. The challenge lies in
distinguishing between cases that warrant long-term follow-up or surgical
intervention and those with transient hydronephrosis that require minimal
invasive investigations.

Materials and Methods Our study aimed to assess and contrast the efficacy
of the 2015 Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and Urinary Tract Guideline from the
Turkish Society of Pediatric Nephrology with the Tepecik Antenatal
Hydronephrosis Guideline, which was previously employed in our hospital. We
conducted a comparative analysis of demographic data, outcome conditions,
additional imaging requirements and quantities, radiation exposures, and rates
of surgical interventions between two groups.

Results Group 2 had a significantly higher detection rate of
Vesicoureteral Reflux via voiding cystourethrogram at 38.5% compared to Group
1's 13.4% (p<0.01). The incidence of abnormal findings with
dimercaptosuccinic acid was similar between Group 1 (28.5%) and Group 2 (26.4%)
(p>0.01), but Group 2 had a higher rate of obstruction diagnosis at 68.8%
versus Group 1's 29.4% (p<0.01). Group 1 had greater median radiation
exposure (500 mrem vs. 200 mrem, p<0.01), and a higher proportion of patients
underwent surgery (34.2% vs. 21.9%, p<0.01).

Conclusion This study showed that the new guideline required fewer tests,
was less invasive, and exposed patients to less radiation than the old
guideline.
1,2,3-Triazole-Guided Multi-Component Sonogashira Coupling of Substituted Benzosuberenes Derived from Cedrus deodara Oil
Authors: Das Pralay , Kumar Ashish , Kumar Mahender , Sharma Poonam
Published: September 2024

Herein, Sonogashira coupling at the vinyl bromide position of triazole-bearing benzosuberene has been introduced for the synthesis of potentially bioactive 1,2,3-triazole and conjugated enynes containing benzosuberene analogues. The instalment of triazole moiety on the allylic position dictates the Sonogashira coupling at the vinylic position, the absence of which failed to execute the desired reaction. The Cu-catalyzed cycloaddition initially led to the incorporation of 1,2,3-triazole, which subsequently directed the Pd/Cu-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling to deliver new class of benzosuberene analogues in appreciable yields. The regioselective synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole and conjugated enynes containing benzosuberene analogues has been reported under operationally simple and milder reaction conditions.
The Effect of Canal Curvature and Different Manufacturing Processes of Five Different NiTi Rotary Files on Cyclic Fatigue Resistance
Authors: Phumpatrakom Panupat , Klaisiri Awiruth , Techapatiphandee Sukitti , Saekow Thippawan , Aguilar Panuroot
Published: September 2024

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, E-FLEX EDGE, E-FLEX ONE, and ZenFlex nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files in 60 and 90 degrees of simulated canal curvature.

Materials and Methods ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, E-FLEX EDGE, E-FLEX ONE, and ZenFlex were used in this study. Each system was divided into two groups testing in simulated canals with 60 and 90 degrees of curvature. Both groups were set to rotate under a controlled temperature at 37°C until fracture. The number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was recorded and two fractured files from each group were randomly selected to analyze the fractographic pattern using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Statistical Analysis The NCF between the two groups was analyzed statistically using the Mann–Whitney U test. The statistical differences between each system at the same degree of artificial canal curvature were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test. A significant difference was set at p < 0.05.

Results E-FLEX ONE showed the highest mean NCF (p < 0.05) when performed in 60- and 90-degree curvatures. In addition, the file tested in a 60-degree curvature exhibited higher resistance to cyclic fatigue than the one tested in a 90-degree curvature in the mutual NiTi system (p < 0.05). The SEM micrographs exhibited a similar crack initiation area, which is the feature of cyclic fatigue failure.

Conclusion E-FLEX ONE showed the greatest resistance to cyclic fatigue in both 60 and 90 degrees of curvature. This study implies that E-FLEX ONE is appropriate for severely curved canals.
Lost in subtitling: do Arabic satellite TV channels and DVDs speak the same language?
Authors: Al-Adwan Amer
Published: September 2024

Subtitling taboo comedy has recently emerged as one of the most complex issues in audiovisual translation in the Arab world. Translating this genre across language and cultural barriers demands meticulous attention to the norms and expectations of the target viewers’ culture. However, despite the growing interest in this area, further research is necessary to understand this phenomenon and its mechanisms. Therefore, this paper delves into this thorny issue and investigates the various levels of censorship and their frequency in the Arabic subtitles displayed on satellite TV channels and DVDs. The corpus analysed consists of 16 episodes from seasons 9, 10, and 11 of the American sitcom Two and a Half Men aired on MBC4, one of the most prominent Arabic TV channels, and the DVD version of these episodes. A comparative linguistic analysis was conducted on the original dialogues of the selected episodes and their Arabic subtitles, highlighting instances of censorship and identifying the strategies employed. The results of the analysis indicate that Arab subtitlers have implemented a more rigorous censorship approach in rendering taboo language, such as sexual references and swear words on TV channels compared to DVDs. Based on descriptive translation studies, the analysis reveals that Arab subtitlers working for MBC4 relied on three main strategies of censorship: euphemisation, semantic mistranslation, and omission. Furthermore, it is observed that the satellite channel has implemented rigorous censorship protocols pertaining to homosexuality, leading to the omission of certain scenes altogether. This action was taken to avoid any potential discomfort or offence to Arab viewers. It is evident that dominant ideologies and relevant censorship practices play a significant role in modifying the linguistic and visual content of the original sitcom, hindering the target viewers from following the storyline of the episodes and grasping the intended humour.
Comparing pseudo- and quantum-random number generators with Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Cirauqui David , García-March Miguel Ángel , Guigó Corominas Guillem , Graß Tobias , Grzybowski Przemysław R. , Muñoz-Gil Gorka , Saavedra J. R. M. , Lewenstein Maciej
Published: September 2024

We study how the Monte Carlo simulations of the critical dynamics of two-dimensional Ising lattices are affected by the quality (as compared to true randomness) of the pseudo-randomness used in them by computing an observable known to be sensitive to it: the dynamic critical exponent z. To this end, we first present a review of the literature and then perform the same simulations with different pseudo-randomness sources. We control the quality of the random streams by physically reseeding the generators and observe that while the mean value of the measured observable is slightly affected by the correlations within them, its variance does get a severe impact. By studying this affectation and how such pseudo-random streams perform under standard randomness tests based on statistical analysis, we conclude that the new protocol is able to detect other types of correlations and can thus be used as an additional test. On the other hand, we present the first (to the best of our knowledge) computation of the dynamic critical exponent with a perfectly random quantum random number generator (QRNG) and hypothesize that the presented strategy may point toward a route to establish quantum advantage based on the quality of results as complementary to those strategies based on the speed of the computational task.
Ultrarelativistic Fe plasma with GJ/cm3 energy density created by femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Alkhimova Mariya , Skobelev Igor , Pikuz Tatiana , Ryazantsev Sergey , Sakaki Hironao , Pirozhkov Alexander S. , Esirkepov Timur Zh. , Sagisaka Akito , Dover Nicholas P. , Kondo Kotaro , Ogura Koichi , Fukuda Yuji , Kiriyama Hiromitsu , Nishitani Keita , Pikuz Sergey , Kando Masaki , Kodama Ryosuke , Kondo Kiminori , Nishiuchi Mamiko
Published: September 2024

The generation of a plasma with an ultrahigh energy density of 1.2 GJ/cm3 (which corresponds to about 12 Gbar pressure) is investigated by irradiating thin stainless-steel foils with high-contrast femtosecond laser pulses with relativistic intensities of up to 1022 W/cm2. The plasma parameters are determined by X-ray spectroscopy. The results show that most of the laser energy is absorbed by the plasma at solid density, indicating that no pre-plasma is generated in the current experimental setup.
Zeta limits for the spectrum of quantum Rabi models
Authors: Reyes Bustos Cid , Wakayama Masato
Published: September 2024

The quantum Rabi model (QRM), one of the fundamental models used to describe light and matter interaction, has a deep mathematical structure revealed by the study of its spectrum. In this paper, from the explicit formulas for the partition function we directly derive various limits of the spectral zeta function with respect to the systems parameters of the asymmetric QRM, a generalization obtained by adding a physically significant parameter to the QRM. In particular, we consider the limit corresponding to the growth of the coupling strength to infinity, recently studied using resolvent analysis. The limits obtained in this paper are given in terms of the Hurwitz zeta function and other L-functions, suggesting further relations between spectral zeta function of quantum interaction models and number theory.
Energy polydisperse fluid under cylindrical confinement
Authors: Samukcham Jimpaul , Meitei Thokchom Premkumar , Shagolsem Lenin S.
Published: September 2024

The thermodynamic melting/freezing transition (T∗) behavior and particle dynamics under cylindrical confinement of a model energy polydisperse (EP) fluid are investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulations. All the particles in the system are different whose identity is characterized by the interaction energy parameter εi drawn randomly from a uniform distribution, and thus, the system represents an extreme limit of a multi-component system. It is observed that confinement induces shift in T∗ for both the EP and reference one-component (1C) fluid systems from their respective bulk values, and the direction of the shift is sensitive to the density. Although the trend of shift is similar for both the systems, the value of T∗ for the EP system is consistently above the 1C system for the considered different degrees of confinement. Neighborhood identity ordering (NIO) driven by the preferential interaction among the particles is observed in EP systems which is more pronounced near/below T∗. Unlike in bulk, confinement driven morphology of NIO in the form of alternate rings of higher/lower εi particles is observed. The particles with εi values near and below the mean show hopping motion between these annular regions. We believe that the observed complex dynamics in confined EP fluid could be utilized in practical applications where the mid εi particles can be used as carriers between the core and the curve surface of the narrow confinement for efficient and even distribution of substance of interest which needs to be adsorbed on the surface of a long narrow channel.
Single vibronic level fluorescence spectra from Hagedorn wavepacket dynamics
Authors: Zhang Zhan Tong , Vaníček Jiří J. L.
Published: September 2024

In single vibronic level (SVL) fluorescence experiments, the electronically excited initial state is also excited in one or several vibrational modes. Because computing such spectra by evaluating all contributing Franck–Condon factors becomes impractical (and unnecessary) in large systems, here we propose a time-dependent approach based on Hagedorn wavepacket dynamics. We use Hagedorn functions—products of a Gaussian and carefully generated polynomials—to represent SVL initial states because in systems whose potential is at most quadratic, Hagedorn functions are exact solutions to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and can be propagated with the same equations of motion as a simple Gaussian wavepacket. Having developed an efficient recursive algorithm to compute the overlaps between two Hagedorn wavepackets, we can now evaluate emission spectra from arbitrary vibronic levels using a single trajectory. We validate the method in two-dimensional global harmonic models by comparing it with quantum split-operator calculations. In addition, we study the effects of displacement, distortion (squeezing), and Duschinsky rotation on SVL fluorescence spectra. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of the Hagedorn approach to high-dimensional systems on a displaced, distorted, and Duschinsky-rotated harmonic model with 100 degrees of freedom.
Fast inverse design of microwave and infrared Bi-stealth metamaterials based on equivalent circuit model
Authors: Liu Shiju , Zhu Fengjie , Huang Jianguang , Zhao Hua , Han Mengqi , Fan Kebin , Chen Ping
Published: September 2024

This work proposed a fast inverse design method for microwave and infrared (IR) bi-stealth metamaterials based on the equivalent circuit model (ECM). Using this method, we designed a microwave and IR bi-stealth metamaterial by deploying a multilayered structure of the indium tin oxide (ITO) film based metasurface. First, the IR emissivity of the ITO film was calculated in the framework of the ECM. Then, an ITO metasurface was proposed to implement low IR emission and high microwave transmission simultaneously. Based on the ECM of the square patch, the ECM of the whole metamaterial was established at the microwave band. An inverse design program was built by incorporating the ECM with genetic algorithm (GA). Structure parameters of the metamaterial were optimized by GA to achieve the broadest microwave stealth bandwidth for the given thickness. Finally, the sample of the optimized bi-stealth metamaterial was prepared and tested. The calculated, simulated, and measured results are in good agreement, showing that such a metamaterial has an IR emissivity of 0.18 in the band from 3 to 14 μm and an efficient microwave stealth band from 4.8 to 17 GHz with a thickness of 4.9 mm. The proposed method will benefit the design and application of microwave and IR bi-stealth metamaterials.
Precise prediction of methane–ethane adsorption in shale nanopores using multi-component models and machine learning
Authors: Zhou Yu , Li Xiaoping , Xin Qingxi , Wang Jiale , Jing Dengwei
Published: September 2024

Methane and ethane are the primary hydrocarbon components of shale gas, predominantly adsorbed within shale as a binary mixture. Accurately predicting the adsorption capacity of methane–ethane binary mixtures is crucial for estimating shale gas reserves. This paper employs the multi-component adsorption models to characterize the adsorption behavior of binary mixtures across various temperatures and methane molar fractions. The results indicate the Extended Langmuir model shows good accuracy for low methane molar fraction mixtures in shale adsorption, while the Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory model performs better for high methane molar fraction mixtures. Recognizing the time- and labor-intensive nature of parameter acquisition for multi-component models, four common machine learning models optimized by Bayesian methods are developed for the adsorption of single and binary gases, including Gaussian process regression, Support vector regression, Decision trees, and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The XGBoost model showed the superior performance and strong generalization abilities. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis method based on variance, leveraging kernel density estimation theory, is used to assess the importance of input features on XGBoost model hyperparameters. It turned out that the methane molar fraction significantly affects the adsorption capacity of binary gas mixtures, whereas clay minerals exert minimal impact.
Time-gated photon counting in both confocal and offset configurations for cost-effective enhancement of functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Dongyuan , Li Zhiyong , Gao Feng
Published: September 2024

Time-of-flight functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a promising technology for non-invasive functional neuroimaging due to the capability to monitor absolute blood oxygen information. Moreover, it holds promise in addressing the spatial resolution limitations of continuous-wave fNIRS through the confocal array. However, ToF-fNIRS requires extensive data measurement and transmission, complex channel calibration, as well as high costs. Perhaps more importantly, absolute value is unnecessary in fNIRS. In light of this, a time-gated photon counting is designed to facilitate the acquisition of depth-resolved data in both confocal and offset optode configurations for cost-effective enhancement of functional near-infrared spectroscopy. To demonstrate the capabilities of the developed system, measurement performance analysis and image performance evaluation are conducted on the experimental data. The findings have demonstrated the efficacy and viability of the developed system: achieving a fluctuation level below 0.5%, relative quantitative enhancement of 32.9%, alongside improvements of 31.6% in signal-to-noise ratio, and 29.5% in spatial resolution during reconstruction. In summary, this time-gated photon counting fNIRS imaging system has the imaging quality equivalent to traditional time-correlated single-photon counter measurement in a cost-effective manner, thereby significantly augmenting the expansiveness of fNIRS-linked studies in the daily life.
Heat transfer to a flat plate with arbitrary surface catalysis under partially dissociated nitrogen freestream
Authors: Ju Guangjing , Bao Lin
Published: September 2024

In the high-enthalpy shock tunnel experiments, the expansion flow starting from the high-temperature chamber accelerates drastically and rapidly. The flow exists in a state of thermochemical nonequilibrium for the characteristic time of the flow is relatively short compared with that of thermochemical processes. Because of the incomplete wall catalysis, the recombination reactions on the model surface are also in nonequilibrium. As a result, the effects of chemical nonequilibrium on aeroheating measurements should be taken into account in shock tunnel experiments. In the present investigation, computational fluid dynamics is employed to study the effect of chemical nonequilibrium and the finite-rate catalytic wall on heat flux to a flat plate under high-enthalpy shock tunnel conditions. Based on the microscopic analysis, a Damköhler number characterizing the nonequilibrium degree of catalytic reactions is introduced. Also, a formula is derived to further predict the wall catalysis nonequilibrium effect on the heat flux, which is distinctive from those described by the calorically perfect gas model. The theoretical result is further modified to consider viscous interaction at the leading edge of the flat plate. These results are useful for the establishment of a ground-to-flight extrapolation methodology for the chemical nonequilibrium flows.
A highly extensible smoothed particle hydrodynamics with meshless fluid-end general interpolation method based on precise code interaction coupling environment for fluid–structure interaction surface coupling
Authors: Long Sifan , Guo Xiaowei , Fan Xiaokang , Zhao Ran , Zhang Sen , Liu Yi , Yuan Lihuan , Yang Canqun
Published: September 2024

Solving fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problems using traditional methods poses significant challenges in the field of numerical simulation. The multiphysics coupling library precise code interaction coupling environment (preCICE), renowned for its robust multiphysics coupling capabilities, offers a promising solution for FSI problems. It supports various open/closed source software and commercial computational fluid dynamics solvers in a black box manner. However, preCICE currently mainly supports coupling schemes of mesh-based methods as well as few meshless methods. This paper proposes a critical grid interpolation (CGI) method as an intermediate medium to enable the particle method to interface with preCICE. The CGI method leverages particles and critical meshes to interpolate displacement and force, thereby allowing the pure Lagrangian smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method to solve FSI problems. The critical mesh serves as a coupling interface between particles and meshes, theoretically resolving the mesh mismatch issue inherent in particle methods when connecting to preCICE. To validate the performance of the proposed CGI method, we conducted experiments where the fluid and the structure were discretized using SPH and the finite element method, respectively. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the CGI method in solving FSI problems. Additionally, we have made our source code for the SPH fluid adapter open-source and available on (https://github.com/terrylongsifan/AdapterSPH), facilitating further development of preCICE compatibility with more meshless methods. This study significantly advances the application of SPH in FSI problems by integrating it with preCICE, thereby expanding the versatility and applicability of multiphysics simulations.
A DFT/MRCI Hamiltonian parameterized using only ab initio data. II. Core-excited states
Authors: Costain Teagan Shane , Rolston Jibrael B. , Neville Simon P. , Schuurman Michael S.
Published: September 2024

A newly parameterized combined density functional theory and multi-reference configuration interaction (DFT/MRCI) Hamiltonian, termed core-valence separation (CVS)-QE12, is defined for the computation of K-shell core-excitation and core-ionization energies. This CVS counterpart to the recently reported QE8 Hamiltonian [Costain et al., J. Chem. Phys, 160, 224106 (2024)] is parameterized by fitting to benchmark quality ab initio data. The definition of the CVS-QE12 and QE8 Hamiltonians differ from previous CVS-DFT/MRCI parameterizations in three primary ways: (i) the replacement of the BHLYP exchange–correlation functional with QTP17 to yield a balanced description of both core and valence excitation energies, (ii) the adoption of a new, three-parameter damping function, and (iii) the introduction of separate scaling of the core-valence and valence-valence Coulombic interactions. Crucially, the parameters of the CVS-QE12 Hamiltonian are obtained via fitting exclusively to highly accurate ab initio vertical core-excitation and ionization energies computed at the CVS-EOM-CCSDT level of theory. The CVS-QE12 Hamiltonian is validated against further benchmark computations and is found to furnish K-edge core vertical excitation and ionization energies exhibiting absolute errors ≤0.5 eV at low computational cost.
Investigation on the surface diffusion process of gas molecules in porous graphene membranes
Authors: Zhang Jun , Liu Chenhui , Huang Rui , Wang Xudi , Cao Qing
Published: September 2024

Porous graphene membranes (PGMs) have nanopores with single atomic thickness, which enables the precise and stable supply of ultralow flow rate gas below 10−14 Pa·m3·s−1. Different from a conventional channel, the surface diffusion (SD) process in PGM has become increasingly important and unique. However, the physical process and mathematical model of gas molecule transport in nanopores with single atomic thickness remain unclear. These inadequacies constrained the application of PGM in ultrasensitive leak detection. In this paper, the SD process in PGM was investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. A test rig was constructed to verify the simulation results. The nanopores in PGM were quantitatively characterized using a transmission electron microscope. Results show that a transfer region encircling the nanopores was identified, which plays a crucial role in the SD process. Furthermore, the physical model of SD process is described with a two-step model. Finally, a mathematical model of the SD process is established and validated. This paper provides nanoscale insights for an in-depth understanding of the SD process in PGM and promotes ultrasensitive leak detection technology.
Coarse-grained simulations of concentration-dependent molecular self-assembly of Polysorbate 80 in water
Authors: Nakate Prasheel , Dandekar Rajat , Ardekani Arezoo M.
Published: September 2024

Surfactant molecules are known to self-assemble into micellar structures due to their amphiphilic nature of interactions with the solvent molecules. This ubiquitous phenomenon has been largely understood through the qualitative description of forces that govern these events. However, computational models that provide an accurate quantitative characterization of the process of micelle formation are still limited. In this study, we develop a coarse-grained computational model for Polysorbate 80 surfactant molecules that captures the phenomenon of aggregation at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 10% in water. Here, we use a dissipative particle dynamics scheme to describe the interactions between the coarse-grained beads in the system. This computational model is able to reproduce the characteristics of micelle formation with increasing surfactant concentration. Our results demonstrate that despite loss in the degrees of freedom, the coarse-grained model predicts the structural and transport properties of the surfactant system with sufficient accuracy. The presented coarse-grained modeling technique offers a new window to uncover the molecular mechanisms of self-organization in the biophysical systems over a wide range of lengths and time scales.
Evaporation into half-space: Experiments with water at the molecular mean free path scale
Authors: Gatapova Elizaveta Ya.
Published: September 2024

The temperature at the liquid–vapor phase change interface is measured at the molecular mean free path scale. The water layer is locally heated from below and evaporates in an environment of pure water vapor at reduced pressure. The study establishes the equilibrium conditions under which gas and liquid phases are maintained at a constant temperature without a temperature jump at the interface. It also examined how applying heat to the liquid causes the interface to enter a non-equilibrium state. The first experimental validation of the long-standing inverted temperature gradient paradox is also provided. Nonlinear kinetic theory is shown to be in quantitative agreement with the experimental results.
Improving quantum thermal transistors through feedback-controlled baths
Authors: Ekanayake Uthpala N. , Gunapala Sarath D. , Premaratne Malin
Published: September 2024

In recent years, integrating quantum feedback mechanisms into thermal machines has gained attention due to its benefits in manipulating the system states and energy flows. This is particularly advantageous for quantum thermal transistors in preserving their inherent quantum properties as they lose the purity of the system states due to decoherence and relaxation from interactions with thermal baths, within the subsystems, and monitoring. In the literature, studies have demonstrated that preserving quantum coherence can enhance the performance of quantum thermal machines, improving their efficiency. In our paper, we present a model that proposes engineering baths to be equipped with detectors and a controller to enable feedback in a quantum thermal transistor that emulates a role played by a feedback resistor in an electronic transistor. We use the framework of quantum feedback control via weak monitoring. We modify the system evolution trajectories by using a weak monitoring record from a detector. By taking the ensemble average of these trajectories, we unveil the evolution of the system density matrix that corresponds to the Markovian dynamics of the transistor. This type of feedback introduces minimal perturbation to the system and, once tuned, enhances the system coherence that would otherwise degrade due to bath interactions. Furthermore, there will be no change in the relaxation times. The probabilities of population terms remain unchanged. We treat this an enhancement in the operational characteristics of the quantum thermal transistor as it maintains its quantum features with an added benefit of improved amplification capabilities.
No effects of abiotic and anthropogenic factors on reef-associated neonate shark abundance within a shark nursery-area system
Authors: Bouyoucos I. A. , Simpfendorfer C. A. , Schwieterman G. D. , Eustache K. B. , Thiault Lauric , Planes S. , Rummer J. L.
Published: September 2024

Context Coastal habitats function as shark nursery areas; however, coastal habitats can experience extreme variation in abiotic conditions and are susceptible to human disturbances. Aims Drivers of abundance were tested within a shark nursery-area system in two populations of reef-associated neonate sharks, namely, blacktip reef sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus) and sicklefin lemon sharks (Negaprion acutidens). Methods Catch data from a fisheries-independent gill-net survey (n = 90 sets from October 2018 to March 2019) at 10 sites around Moorea, French Polynesia, were used to test for associations between shark abundance and abiotic conditions (temperature, oxygen, pH, salinity, lunar phase and depth). Historical levels of fin-fish fishing effort, trampling (i.e. human movement through habitat), and coastal artificialisation (i.e. walls and embankments) estimated for each site were used to test for anthropogenic effects on shark abundance. Key results There were no effects of any abiotic or anthropogenic factor on abundance of either species. Conclusions Previous work corroborates our findings by demonstrating neonate sharks’ physiological tolerance to extreme abiotic conditions and high survival in response to anthropogenic stressors. Alternatively, populations are already degraded from decades of coastal development. Implications These data can aid in predicting the use of coastal habitats as shark nursery areas.
Genetic variation drives cancer cell adaptation to ECM stiffness
Authors: Wang Ting-Ching , Sawhney Suchitaa , Morgan Daylin , Bennett Richard L. , Rashmi Richa , Estecio Marcos R. , Brock Amy , Singh Irtisha , Baer Charles F. , Licht Jonathan D. , Lele Tanmay P.
Published: September 2024

The progression of many solid tumors is accompanied by temporal and spatial changes in the stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Cancer cells adapt to soft and stiff ECM through mechanisms that are not fully understood. It is well known that there is significant genetic heterogeneity from cell to cell in tumors, but how ECM stiffness as a parameter might interact with that genetic variation is not known. Here, we employed experimental evolution to study the response of genetically variable and clonal populations of tumor cells to variable ECM stiffness. Proliferation rates of genetically variable populations cultured on soft ECM increased over a period of several weeks, whereas clonal populations did not evolve. Tracking of DNA barcoded cell lineages revealed that soft ECM consistently selected for the same few variants. These data provide evidence that ECM stiffness exerts natural selection on genetically variable tumor populations. Soft-selected cells were highly migratory, with enriched oncogenic signatures and unusual behaviors such as spreading and traction force generation on ECMs with stiffness as low as 1 kPa. Rho-regulated cell spreading was found to be the directly selected trait, with yes-associated protein 1 translocation to the nucleus mediating fitness on soft ECM. Overall, these data show that genetic variation can drive cancer cell adaptation to ECM stiffness.