bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mourning becomes the nightingale song. Note intorno a Tutto Brucia dei Motus
Authors: Sacchi Annalisa
Published: December 2023

In questo saggio è analizzata la scrittura scenica dello spettacolo Tutto brucia (2021) composta dalla compagnia teatrale Motus sulle ceneri di Ilio da Le troiane di Euripide, come un’azione resistenziale e politica che, a partire dal tema del lutto, si allarga a produrre una possibilità di reazione contro la violenza sistemica delle nostre società.
Luigi Di Ruscio e l’aggiornamento del sacro a sinistra
Authors: Palma Massimo
Published: December 2023

L’articolo mette a confronto la poetica di Luigi Di Ruscio (1930-2011) con alcune istanze della “sociologia sacra” francese, da Georges Bataille a Michel Leiris. Temi ricorrenti e forme compositive negli scritti del poeta fermano vengono avvicinati a quanto Bataille e i suoi sodali, durante le sedute del Collège de Sociologie (1937-1939), chiamavano “sacro sinistro”, vale a dire l’esistenza di oggetti “sacri” perché interdetti, limitati, cause di divieti e proibizioni. Attraverso metonimie e metamorfosi animali, Di Ruscio consegna un manuale per il recupero – materiale, immanente – del valore d’uso del sacro sinistro, che costantemente riaggiornato può giocare un ruolo attivo nella dialettica più ampia della vita dominata.
Premi letterari e nuovo impegno. Considerazioni sullo “Strega” degli ultimi vent’anni
Authors: Simonetti Gianluigi
Published: December 2023

Scopo di questo intervento è ricostruire la direzione ideologica e in senso lato politica presa in questi anni da una parte della narrativa italiana contemporanea più mainstream deducendola da un osservatorio, o archivio, privilegiato: il premio Strega degli ultimi vent’anni, con i suoi libri finalisti e i suoi vincitori.
Le forme di impegno nelle “narrazioni della fine”
Authors: Comberiati Daniele
Published: December 2023

Nel contesto italiano ipercontemporaneo, il genere distopico sembra essere diventato una lente privilegiata per comprendere il presente e provare a immaginare il futuro. Eppure è lecito chiedersi se tali narrazioni distopiche non corrano invece il rischio di diventare reazionarie, proponendo la “paura della fine” come unico antidoto al nostro presente. Partendo da alcuni saggi e testi narrativi recenti (Berardi “Bifo”, Vallorani, Cutrufelli, Vaccari, per non citarne che alcuni), ci interrogheremo sulle problematicità delle scritture distopiche italiane contemporanee.
Millets Promotion in India by Women Farmers for a Sustainable Economy
Authors: Kalaiarasi H. , Kirubahari S. , Senthil Kumar T.
Published: December 2023

Agriculture systems worldwide need to adopt sustainable cropping solutions to deal with existing issues of malnutrition, food insecurity, resource depletion and lifestyle health issues. Millets have special nutritive and agronomic properties. Millets offer one such solution as they have nutritional, environmental, and economic superiority over the most common staple grains in India. The present study deals with women empowerment in agriculture that reflects increased women's decision-making authority related to agricultural resources, management and production, and income, which will enhance the ability of women farmers to strengthen their economic status. The novelty of this study focuses to address challenges in sustainable production and marketing in millets promotion that impede inclusive growth of women farmers. The findings of this study advocate having an integrated approach to enhance millet value chain efficiencies to develop millet promotion, considering economic, environmental, and health sustainability through women empowerment.
Women Millets and Sustainability
Authors: Sethuram Rao G , Vydeki D. , Shanmugaraj G.
Published: December 2023

This book chapter explores the profound relationship between women, millets, and their impact on health, empowerment, and sustainable agriculture. Millets, ancient crops with exceptional nutrition, have evolved alongside women's roles in cultivation. Throughout history, women have been key guardians of millet farming, preserving traditional knowledge in challenging environments. Women drive the resurgence of millet cultivation, advocating for environmental benefits and promoting diverse varieties for food security. Millets' nutritional advantages support digestion, immunity, and health for senior citizens and individuals with dietary restrictions. They are vital for pregnant and lactating women's health and offer significant economic opportunities, fostering women's financial independence. Empowering women with crop monitoring and management improves yields and food security. Millets emerge as potent tools for women's empowerment, health, and economic autonomy, contributing to a sustainable and inclusive future.
Sustainable Marketing Mix Strategies of Millets
Authors: Das Saumendra , Mishra Brojo Kishore , Panda Narendra , Badawy Hassan R. H.
Published: December 2023

Millets are popular for their nutritional benefits. It provides extra benefits like antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-tumorigenic, and antibacterial materials. Consuming millet boosts immunity, detoxifies the body, reduces cancer risk, increases energy, strengthens the brain and muscles, and improves respiratory immunity. Compared to processed grains, millets are more nutrient-dense. Millets contribute to a well-balanced diet and play a significant role in sustainable nutrition. Lack of awareness about the nutritional content of existing dietary patterns and unwillingness to adapt eating habits are two major contributors to poor production and consumption. Millets are no longer extensively grown, and as a result, there are barely any of them on the market. Since 2003, several studies have been performed to assess the millet's increasing demand. This study's objective is to compile marketing mix strategies from those studies and then provide an intelligent perspective on such strategies.
Millet Farming and Tribal Livelihood
Authors: Sahoo Minati , Rana Karishma , Samantray Pradeep Kumar
Published: December 2023

Millet is one of the oldest cultivated crops which provide food for human and animal consumption, along with its nutritional and health benefits. It is also a pro-environment crop which can grow and sustain with extreme environmental conditions; it has low water requirements and less requirements of soil fertility, nutrients, and moisture. Hence, to increase production, boost consumption, improve processing mechanisms, and improve marketing chain of millet Government of Odisha has introduced a flagship programme called Odisha Millet Mission, to revive and promote millet farming. With these backdrops, this chapter intended to examine the role of Odisha Millet Mission to improve tribal livelihood. This study found that the OMM has remarkable contribution for reviving and encouraging the production, consumption and processing of millet. This is also helpful for improving the employment and livelihood among the tribal in the Koraput district. But the government also needs to endure the tribal people reading the benefits of such potential programmes to further enhance the livelihood opportunities.
An Assessment on Marketing Promotions and Strategies Adopted by Retailers Towards Millet-Based Products in Hyderabad
Authors: Waghray Ashita , Das Saumendra , Ahmed Shehbaz
Published: December 2023

Today, millet has been rebranded as “Nutri-cereals.” It became a choice for the taste of many consumers. Its nutri-rich sources and benefits are creating a fascination for many consumers and apparently there will be further increase in demand for the future. On the other hand, millet also attracted attention due to lower investments by farmers requirements such as water fertilizers, pesticides, etc., with good income and market potentiality. Moreover, it is increasing minimum support price (MSP), and millets can also be considered as positive cultivation for the farmers to make decisions on agriculture. The eventual declining trend of the natural resource availability also identifies the need for crop shift as of paramount importance. Millets are generally categorized into major and minor millets, ICAR-IIMR has been leading their efforts for a decade now.
Prospective of Millets in the Rejuvenation of the Bakery Industry
Authors: Indani Sanjay , Bhoite Anjali , Pawar Vasant N. , Sakhale Bhagwan
Published: December 2023

Considering the growing market for bakery products, and healthy food products rising in consumer perception, new functional food product development in bakery industry is a worthwhile focus. In search of appropriate nutritional and functional ingredients, the application of millet flours as alternative ingredients is critically assessed by the researchers. The present review highlighted the India's potential (19% productivity share at global level) in millet production, its nutritional goodness, as well as recent traits in bakery product development. Not only the nutrient goodness, but also the phenolic and bioactive components associated with these nutrigrains, could lead the researchers to categorizing it as superfood. Non-gluten nature associated with these arid gain is the worthy source for nutrient enrichment and fortification in various processed bakery products; its low glycemic index (GI) based nature also confirms millets significant role in curing various disorders, making it to categorised as healing grain.
Women and Millets
Authors: Sundari Shanmuga , Penthala Harshini Reddy , Mogullapalli Akshita , Sukhavasi Vidyullatha , Nayyar Anand
Published: December 2023

Millets are a group of small-seeded grasses that have been cultivated for thousands of years in different parts of the world. In many cultures, millets have been considered a staple food, and they continue to be a vital source of nutrition for numerous people today. In the context of women's history, millets have played a significant role in many societies. In India, millets have been a traditional food for centuries, and women have played a critical role in their cultivation and consumption. Historically, millets have also been an important source of income for women in many societies. Millets have also played a significant role in women's health. Millets are highly nutritious and excellent sources of protein, fiber, and vitamins. They are also gluten-free, making them a valuable food source for people with celiac disease or gluten intolerance. Millets are a nutritious and healthy food that offers a variety of health benefits. Incorporating millets into your diet can help improve overall health and well-being.
Economic Empowerment of Women, Millet Farming, and Sustainable Development
Authors: Medhekar Anita
Published: December 2023

The Indian government, with the support of 72 nations, proposed to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation to declare 2023 as the “International Year of the Millets.” Millets have numerous benefits-are gluten free with high nutritional properties, grown in dry-arid regions, drought and disease resistance, environmental sustainability, and empowering women for socio-economic development. The rural women in developing countries are helping to sustain the millet economy, which has high nutritional value and very tolerant to extreme semi-arid and drought weather conditions experienced due to climate change. This chapter will examine the Indian government's policy towards developing a millet economy amidst the impacts of polycrisis situation experienced around the world; to empower rural women in the agricultural sector, focusing on the economic dimensions; to bring about social transformation and economic significance of millet farming, value adding, improving livelihood, and social transformation for sustainable development through climate smart millet economy in India.
Millet Cultivation as a Tool for Women's Empowerment
Authors: Bagal Dilip Kumar , Panda Lakshmi Prasad
Published: December 2023

The experiences of women who grow millet in Odisha, India, are investigated in this research. The study identifies the constraints and opportunities for women to participate in millet farming, as well as the effects of millet farming on their lives and means of subsistence, using in-depth interviews, focus groups, and surveys. According to the research, although cultural expectations and a lack of resources present substantial obstacles for women, their participation may be facilitated by establishing women's groups and cooperatives, access to training, and support from NGOs and government initiatives. In addition to proposing steps to increase women's access to resources and support gender-sensitive agricultural extension services, the study highlights the potential of millet cultivation for advancing sustainable agriculture and gender equality.
Empowering Scalability Through Resource Optimisation for Fuelling Startups Growth
Authors: Hu Meng Kui , Kee Daisy Mui Hung
Published: December 2023

Scalability is one of the core imperatives that fuels startups for sustainable growth. Similarly, it enables scalable startups to secure adequate funding to advance their strategic plans towards the desired business goals. As startups progress, they gain from enlarged business scale and internally benefit from process enhancement. Despite this realisation, many startups face numerous challenges that hinder progress according to plans, primarily due to the need for more resources. Like most small businesses, startups of young companies operate in a lean corporate structure with limited resources. To be successful, startups must understand and overcome the shortcomings that prevent them from scaling up their businesses. Furthermore, they must adopt and leverage the success factors of scalability to achieve sustainable business growth. This chapter explores and elaborates on the relevant aspects of startup scalability and how strategic resource optimisation can drive their growth.
Startups Financing Lessons Learned From Saiz-Alvarez Microdonations
Authors: Saiz-Alvarez Jose Manuel
Published: December 2023

From the perspective of a non-profit microlender, this chapter analyzes with accurate data how civil society can improve the living conditions of those most in need through micro donations and crowdfunding. To this end, in addition to analyzing crowdfunding as a strategy, it invites the reader to help micro-SMEs related to green innovation and societal awareness in order to generate future B Corps. Although the analysis is made to help the civilian population sensitive to poverty, many of the ideas expressed in the chapter are also valid to help disadvantaged communities that survive in the economically wealthiest nations of the planet.
Fintech as a Mechanism for Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Development in Emerging Economies
Authors: Randa Isaac Okoth
Published: December 2023

Digital finance addresses traditional financial services bottlenecks currently affecting entrepreneurship and innovation in fast-developing and liberalised economies of the world by providing context-specific innovative financial solutions useful for entrepreneurship ecosystem development. Hence, this chapter intends to descriptively analyse mechanisms through which fintech can be instrumental in lowering financial costs, increasing financial inclusivity, enhancing security and transparency, and supporting tailored financial products and services. Fintech contributes to entrepreneurship ecosystem development through a number of channels including diverse capital access, seamless digital financial access, data-driven financial insights, global connectivity and commercial facilitation, and regulatory-backed financial education and collaborative innovation.
Role of Information Technology for Startups in India
Authors: Baragde Dileep Baburao
Published: December 2023

Information technology plays a crucial role in the success of startups from ideation to product development, from market research to customer acquisition, and from securing funding to creating a company culture. Information technology is helping startups achieve their goals and build sustainable and thriving businesses. Startups can leverage technology to reach and engage customers, automate and streamline their operations, access new markets, and create a competitive advantage. Tools like social media platforms, marketing automation software, online store builders, accounting and financial management tools, and cutting-edge technologies like AI and the internet of things are just a few examples of the ways in which technology is impacting the startup world.
Artificial Intelligence and Automation for the Future of Startups
Authors: Anane-Simon Richmond , Atiku Sulaiman Olusegun
Published: December 2023

This chapter examines the potential benefits of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and automation within startups. Through a literature review, the study unveils how AI and automation reshape various aspects of startup operations, from market insights and customer engagement to efficiency enhancement. Ethical considerations and the evolution of human-AI collaboration are highlighted, emphasising responsible integration. Case studies showcase AI's role in augmenting human capabilities. The study suggests several promising research directions. These include exploring ethical implications, identifying industry-specific applications, examining scalability, and ensuring regulatory compliance. It culminates in practical recommendations for startups, advocating tailored adoption of AI tools, data-driven strategies, and fostering human-AI synergy. This research endeavour underscores AI and automation's potential to drive startups' success by offering ethical, innovative, and efficient pathways to navigate the evolving technological landscape.
Support for Rural Entrepreneurs by Universidad EAN
Authors: Bernal Leon Dario , Cely Gomez Laura Patricia , Bejarano Erika Milena , Rondon William Fernando Mojica
Published: December 2023

The EAN University, as a pioneer and leader in the comprehensive training of professionals aimed at fostering the entrepreneurial spirit and strengthening entrepreneurial skills, created in 2012 the Institute of Entrepreneurship, Leadership, and Innovation (IDELI), which by 2016, with the incorporation of the attribute of sustainability in all the activities of the university, changed its name to Institute for Sustainable Entrepreneurship, and in 2021, it becomes the Impacta Management - Sustainable Entrepreneurship. Impacta - Sustainable Entrepreneurship represents one of the materializations of the higher purpose of EAN University. This chapter shares the methodological contribution of Impacta Rural through the implementation of its first pilot and the learnings from the accompaniment to the rural entrepreneur based on the recognition of their territory and context.
Porto University Academic Spinoffs, Critical Factors, and Entrepreneurial Insights
Authors: Dieguez Teresa
Published: December 2023

This chapter explores the experiences of entrepreneurs who emerged as spinoffs from the University of Porto, Portugal, at various stages of their startup journey. The study aims to discern pivotal factors influencing startups during different phases of their establishment. Interviews with five startups in the UPTEC incubator will be conducted using a qualitative approach and multiple case study methodology. A comparative analysis of the gathered data will uncover critical factors articulated by founders across distinct creation phases. The findings hold the potential to enhance awareness among incubators and entrepreneurs regarding influential elements that significantly affect their ventures, offering valuable insights for their success.
Family Support and Start-Up Capital as Determinants of Infopreneurial Career Intention
Authors: Buwerimwe Memory , Dewah Peterson
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the availability of family support and start-up capital as determinants of infopreneurial career intentions for undergraduates in the Department of Records and Archives Management at the National University of Science and Technology. Using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, data were collected through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires from a population of 26 part IV class of 2021-2022. Convenient sampling was used on the selected cohort within the Faculty of Communication and Information Science. Findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between the support from family as a factor that contributes to infopreneurial career intentions and that also capital is a much needed resource that aids new business ventures. The study recommended the introduction of entrepreneurial courses at an earlier stage to students in the faculty. It also recommended that the university should invite experts to conduct seminars and workshops on entrepreneurship and infopreneurship.
Fault Diagnosis of Airborne Electronic Equipment Based on Dynamic Bayesian Networks
Authors: Chen Julan , Qian Wengao
Published: December 2023

With the rapid development of the aerospace industry, the structure of airborne electronic equipment has become more complex, which to some extent increases the difficulty of fault detection and maintenance of airborne electronic equipment. Traditional manual fault diagnosis methods can no longer fully meet the diagnostic needs of airborne electronic equipment. Therefore, this chapter uses dynamic Bayesian network to diagnose the faults of airborne electronic equipment. The basic idea of using a dynamic Bayesian network-based fault diagnosis method for airborne electronic devices is to mine data based on historical fault data of airborne electronic devices, and obtain fault symptoms and training data of airborne electronic devices. For non-essential fault symptoms, rough set theory was introduced to reduce their attributes and obtain the simplest attribute set, thereby simplifying the network model.
Machine Learning-Based Academic Result Prediction System
Authors: Bhushan Megha , Verma Utkarsh , Garg Chetna , Negi Arun
Published: December 2023

Students' academic performance is a critical issue as it decides his/her career. It is pivotal for the educational institutes to track the performance record because it can help to enhance the standard of their quality education. Thus, the role of the academic result prediction system comes into existence which uses semester grade point average (SGPA) as a metric. The proposed work aims to create a model that can forecast the SGPA of students based on certain traits. It predicts the result in the form of SGPA of computer science students considering their past academic performance, study, and personal habits during their academic semester using different machine learning models, and to compare them based on different accuracy parameters. Some models that are widely used and are found effective in this field are regression algorithms, classification algorithms, and deep learning techniques. The results conclude that deep learning techniques are the most effective in the proposed work because of their high accuracy and performance, depending upon the attributes used in the prediction.
Blockchain-Based Lightweight Authentication Mechanisms for Industrial Internet of Things and Information Systems
Authors: Zhao Mingrui , Shi Chunjing , Yuan Yixiao
Published: December 2023

The industrial internet of things (IIoT) necessitates robust cross-domain authentication to secure sensitive on-site equipment data. This paper presents a refined reputation-based lightweight consensus mechanism (LRBCM) tailored for IIoT's distributed network structures. Leveraging node reputation values, LRBCM streamlines ledger consensus, minimizing communication overhead and complexity. Comparative experiments show LRBCM outperforms competing mechanisms. It maintains higher throughput as the number of participating nodes increases and achieves a throughput approximately 10.78% higher than ReCon. Moreover, runtime analysis demonstrates LRBCM's scalability, surpassing ReCon by approximately 12.79% with equivalent nodes and transactions. In addition, as a combination of LRBCM, the proposed distributed lightweight authentication mechanism (ELAM) is rigorously evaluated against the security of various attacks, and its resilience is confirmed. Experiments show that ELAM has good efficiency while maintaining high security.
Pronoun Processing
Authors: Zhai Qingxu , Fan Lin
Published: December 2023

Using bibliometric analysis, this paper provides an overview of pronoun research from 2012 to 2022. It collected and analyzed 2,774 articles on pronouns from Web of Science (WoS) categories related to linguistics or language using CiteSpace, a citation analysis tool. This paper examined the intellectual framework and patterns of pronoun research through co-citation analysis and identified the most productive journals, influential articles, intellectual base, and trending topics in pronoun studies. The main intellectual base includes anaphora resolution, referring expression, grammatical category, eye movement, subject expression, and thematic analysis. Trending topics comprise studies on English pronouns, acquisition of pronouns, and information cues such as syntax and discourse that affect the comprehension of pronouns. The results reveal the complexity and diversity of pronoun processing. This research contributes to the ongoing discussion and debate on pronoun studies, helps researchers understand the state of pronoun research, and offers suggestions for relevant future research.
Law Case Teaching Combining Big Data Environment With SPSS Statistics
Authors: Wang Zhao
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes an online learning platform learner DM method based on the improved fuzzy C clustering (FCM) algorithm, constructs a learner feature database, and combines clustering analysis and SPSS statistical methods to statistically summarize the big data of law, thus improving the deficiencies of static and absolute classification of students in the student model. In the experiment paper, the improved algorithm is implemented and the experimental data is analyzed. The results show that the learner behavior feature extraction model in this paper has fewer errors and higher recall rate. Compared with the traditional CF algorithm, the error rate is reduced by 19.64% and the recall rate is increased by 22.85%. This study provides better targeted teaching programs and case resources for legal case teaching and promotes the innovation of legal case teaching mode.
Evaluation Model of Modern Network Teaching Quality Based on Artificial Intelligence E-Learning
Authors: Xie Hongyu , Xiao He , Hao Yu
Published: December 2023

Modern e-learning system is a representative service form in innovative service industry. This paper designs a personalized service domain system, optimizes various parameters and can be applied to different education quality evaluation, and proposes a decision tree recommendation algorithm. Information gain is carried out through many existing principles of improved decision tree algorithm, and the information gain of the algorithm determines the inheritance of information. The process of modern e-learning system is based on personalized teaching and humanized intelligent interaction. This paper theoretically analyzes the improvement performance of the existing e-learning system in teaching quality evaluation and shows a good classification effect. This model provides reference materials for the expansion of education and teaching and provides a feasible practical model for personalized teaching in online schools. The authors provide good educational conditions and environment for students and cultivate all-around talents for the society.
Going Global in the Digital Era
Authors: Han Weihui , Zhang Tianshuo , Khan Jamal , Wang Lujian , Tu Chao
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the effect of digital finance on Chinese OFDI using Probit and Logit models on A-share-listed Chinese enterprises and representative OFDI data from 2011 to 2020. It shows that digital finance has a heterogeneous impact on Chinese OFDI both in probability and scale depending on the enterprise digitalization level. That is, digital finance has a positive (negative) effect on the OFDI of high (low) digital enterprises. Mechanism analysis reveals that the digital divide, which causes credit resources to be squeezed and increased financing constraints for these enterprises, is the main cause of the negative impact of digital finance on the OFDI of low-digital enterprises while the negative impact of digital finance on the OFDI of low-digital enterprises is limited to greenfield investments and highly competitive industries. The findings highlight the importance of encouraging enterprise digital transformation when developing digital finance policies to effectively leverage the potential of digital finance to drive Chinese firms' OFDI.
Millimetric devices for nerve stimulation: a promising path towards miniaturization
Authors: Dorrian Ryan M. , Leonard Anna V. , Lauto Antonio
Published: December 2023

Nerve stimulation is a rapidly developing field, demonstrating positive outcomes across several conditions. Despite potential benefits, current nerve stimulation devices are large, complicated, and are powered via implanted pulse generators. These factors necessitate invasive surgical implantation and limit potential applications. Reducing nerve stimulation devices to millimetric sizes would make these interventions less invasive and facilitate broader therapeutic applications. However, device miniaturization presents a serious engineering challenge. This review presents significant advancements from several groups that have overcome this challenge and developed millimetric-sized nerve stimulation devices. These are based on antennas, mini-coils, magneto-electric and opto-electronic materials, or receive ultrasound power. We highlight key design elements, findings from pilot studies, and present several considerations for future applications of these devices.
Impact of increasing one-carbon metabolites on traumatic brain injury outcome using pre-clinical models
Authors: Joshi Sanika M. , Thomas Theresa Currier , Jadavji Nafisa M.
Published: December 2023

Traumatic brain injury is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, affecting over 69 million individuals yearly. One-carbon metabolism has been shown to have beneficial effects after brain damage, such as ischemic stroke. However, whether increasing one-carbon metabolite vitamins impacts traumatic brain injury outcomes in patients requires more investigation. The aim of this review is to evaluate how one-carbon metabolites impact outcomes after the onset of traumatic brain injury. PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies that examined the impact of B-vitamin supplementation on traumatic brain injury outcomes. The search terms included combinations of the following words: traumatic brain injury, dietary supplementation, one-carbon metabolism, and B-vitamins. The focus of each literature search was basic science data. The year of publication in the literature searches was not limited. Our analysis of the literature has shown that dietary supplementation of B-vitamins has significantly improved the functional and behavioral recovery of animals with traumatic brain injury compared to controls. However, this improvement is dosage-dependent and is contingent upon the onset of supplementation and whether there is a sustained or continuous delivery of vitamin supplementation post-traumatic brain injury. The details of supplementation post-traumatic brain injury need to be further investigated. Overall, we conclude that B-vitamin supplementation improves behavioral outcomes and reduces cognitive impairment post-traumatic brain injury in animal model systems. Further investigation in a clinical setting should be strongly considered in conjunction with current medical treatments for traumatic brain injury-affected individuals.
Resident immune responses to spinal cord injury: role of astrocytes and microglia
Authors: Brockie Sydney , Zhou Cindy , Fehlings Michael G.
Published: December 2023

Spinal cord injury can be traumatic or non-traumatic in origin, with the latter rising in incidence and prevalence with the aging demographics of our society. Moreover, as the global population ages, individuals with co-existent degenerative spinal pathology comprise a growing number of traumatic spinal cord injury cases, especially involving the cervical spinal cord. This makes recovery and treatment approaches particularly challenging as age and comorbidities may limit regenerative capacity. For these reasons, it is critical to better understand the complex milieu of spinal cord injury lesion pathobiology and the ensuing inflammatory response. This review discusses microglia-specific purinergic and cytokine signaling pathways, as well as microglial modulation of synaptic stability and plasticity after injury. Further, we evaluate the role of astrocytes in neurotransmission and calcium signaling, as well as their border-forming response to neural lesions. Both the inflammatory and reparative roles of these cells have eluded our complete understanding and remain key therapeutic targets due to their extensive structural and functional roles in the nervous system. Recent advances have shed light on the roles of glia in neurotransmission and reparative injury responses that will change how interventions are directed. Understanding key processes and existing knowledge gaps will allow future research to effectively target these cells and harness their regenerative potential.
A rare case of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma presenting with spontaneous intratumoral hemorrhage
Authors: Gotecha Sarang , Punia Prashant , Shobhit Chhabra , Chugh Ashish , Kotecha Megha
Published: December 2023

Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) are low-grade gliomas usually arising in the periventricular regions near the foramen of Monro seen exclusively with tuberous sclerosis complex. Incidence of hemorrhage in SEGA is less than 1% with only 10 cases reported in English literature. We present a similar case of SEGA with spontaneous intratumoral hemorrhage in a 35-year-old male with cutaneous manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex and acute onset headache with convulsion.
Peripheral blood stem cells mobilization in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphomas: A single-center experience
Authors: Halacoglu Aysun , Serefhanoglu Songul
Published: December 2023

Context:

High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is an established treatment for chemosensitive patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).

Aims:

We present the results of using different salvage chemotherapy plus granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) for mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells in R/R lymphoma patients.

Subjects and Methods:

For salvage chemotherapy, 93 patients received platinum-containing regimens, 4 patients received cytarabine-containing regimens, and 5 patients received other regimens. Patient distributions were HL (n = 35) and NHL (n = 67).

Results:

In 87.2% of patients, first mobilization trial was successful (>2 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg). In 58.8% of patients, first apheresis season >5 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg collections was achieved. All 12.7% of patients were poorly mobilized at the first mobilization. There was no statistical difference between the previous chemotherapy numbers and failed mobilization (P > 0.05). Five patients who were poorly mobilized and 4 patients who were successfully mobilized underwent a previous radiotherapy (P < 0.05). Thirteen patients who were poorly mobilized in the first mobilization underwent a platinum-containing salvage regimen. At the time of the first mobilization, the average peripheral CD 34 counts in the successfully mobilized group were statistically higher than that in the poorly mobilized group (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:

We demonstrated that peripheral CD 34 cell count in the peripheral blood on the first apheresis day was a significant factor for more stem cell mobilization, fewer apheresis sessions, less volume, and earlier neutrophil engraftment for patients with R/R lymphoma and eligible for AHSCT. The history of the previous radiotherapy was a significant factor for poor mobilization.
Prognostic value of diffuse cancer inflammation index (ALI), serum neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) in advanced-stage lung cancer
Authors: Ozturk Aysen Evkan , Komurcuoglu Berna , Karakurt Gamze Kaplan , Ozturk Ozgur
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer that causes death worldwide. Systemic inflammation has been shown to play a role in cancer etiopathogenesis and can be activated from oncogenic changes in cancer cells. In our study, the prognostic effects of inflammatory parameters calculated from serum were investigated in lung cancer.

Method:

One hundred fifteen patients with locally advanced and advanced lung cancer who were diagnosed in our chest diseases clinic between 2013 and 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI index), serum neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) levels at the time of diagnosis were calculated, and their relationship with overall survival (OS), disease-free survival, and the treatment response and their effect on predicting prognosis were investigated.

Findings:

When the ALI value was examined in the group with non-small cell lung, the OS was found to be 9.018 months in the group over 18 years of age and it was 3.78 months in the group below. Low ALI index was significantly associated with short survival (P <.05). When the NLR values were examined in the entire patient group, OS more than 5 was 5.95 months and less than 9.63 months. A high NLR value was significantly associated with short survival (P <.05). No significant relationships were detected between PLR and OS. When the determined cut-off values were used, no significant correlation was found between NLR, ALI, and PLR levels and progression-free survival (P >.05).

Conclusion:

In our study, it was concluded that elevated NLR levels and low ALI values at the time of diagnosis of advanced-stage lung cancer were associated with poor survival, and those values may be useful in predicting survival and prognosis when the cut-off values were used. These parameters can be useful in routine use because they can be easily calculated without additional costs.
Prostate cancer invading rectal serosa and anal sphincter treated with definitive radiation therapy: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lee Mi-Jo
Published: December 2023

Despite anatomical proximity, prostatic adenocarcinoma with rectal invasion is rare. We describe a case of prostate cancer invading the anal sphincter, treated with radiation therapy (RT). A 78-year-old patient underwent definitive radiotherapy in 2018 because of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, Gleason 4 + 3 (7). The initial stage was mrT4N0 on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. The pre-treatment prostate-specific antigen level was 142 ng/mL, and the patient was subjected to androgen deprivation therapy. RT was performed using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and a dose of 76 Gy in 38 fractions. After 2 months, MRI showed a complete response. During RT, toxicity was limited to mild gastro-intestinal and urologic symptoms. This report is the first to describe prostate cancer invasion of the anal sphincter and to extend to that condition the use of RT – already regarded as a useful treatment option for inoperable locally advanced high-risk prostate cancer (PC). This study suggests that VMAT can be a safe and effective treatment option for locally advanced high-risk PC patients.
A prospective study of circulating estrogen in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Thakare Eesha , Chaudhary Minal , Gadbail Amol
Published: December 2023

Background:

Reports suggested that hormone replacement therapy decreased the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to analyze and quantify the serum 17β-estradiol (E2) level by chemiluminescence immunoassay in four groups, Group I (control group with no habit of tobacco and areca), Group II (control group with a habit of tobacco and areca), Group III (potentially malignant disorder—leukoplakia), and Group IV (oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)). It was the first study to evaluate E2 in four study groups with and without the habit of tobacco.

Method:

The serum analysis was carried out in Cobas e411 analyzer by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analysis.

Results:

As per the Kruskal–-Wallis test, statistically significant rise in estradiol levels in Group IV as in comparison to Group III as compared with Groups II and I.

Conclusion:

This study proved that irrespective of the gender bias, the female sex hormone, estradiol levels were significantly raised in OSCC patients. This study suggests that E2 may play a vital role in determining the patient prognosis in OSCC with tobacco habit. The confounding results of this preliminary study opened up new advents emphasizing the role of E2 in OSCC. The role of E2 in estrogen receptor regulation can also be a subject of study for targeted therapies in improving the patient’s prognosis.
A decade of treating brain stem gliomas: Single institutional experience
Authors: Vats Pankaj , Arvind Prince , Sarin Arti , Singh Sankalp , Sandhu Manish
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Brainstem is a rare yet challenging site for primary brain tumors. We present the patient characteristics, treatment-related details, and survival outcomes of patients with brain stem gliomas treated over a decade, from August 2010 to July 2022, at a tertiary care center in northern India.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-seven patients of brainstem gliomas were treated in our hospital from August 2010 to July 2022. All of these patients were treated with radiation therapy based on a radiological diagnosis only. Data were collected and analyzed from patient registration, treatment, and follow-up records.

Results:

Of the 27 patients, 18 were male and 9 were female. Fourteen patients (51.85%) were in the pediatric age group (<12 years). The most common symptom at onset was hemiparesis, seen in 62.96%. The majority of the patients (24; 88.88%) had pontine involvement at the time of treatment. Overall survival at a minimum 2-year follow-up post-treatment was 22.22% in the entire cohort. Age, sex, or size of tumor at presentation was not seen to have any significant impact on survival of patients.

Conclusion:

With the advancement in surgical techniques and molecular analysis of brain tumors, there is likely to be a change in the management of brainstem gliomas; however, radiation therapy has been used for the management of these tumors for decades now. Radiation therapy continues to show rapid and significant radiological and clinical improvement in the majority of such patients, and it would continue to play an important part in multi-modality management.
Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of cervical lymph node masquerading as non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Singh Anurag , Kushwaha Rashmi , Chauhan Pragati , Kumar Gulshan
Published: December 2023

A large extended family of tumors classified as neuroendocrine tumors most commonly occurs in the gastrointestinal tract and bronchus pulmonary tree. It is extremely unusual for a primary neuroendocrine tumor to present as a cervical lymph node mass at initial presentation. We discuss the rare case of a 55-year-old man who initially complained of a right neck mass that was misinterpreted as non-Hodgkin lymphoma on fine needle aspiration cytology. By integrating clinical findings, radiography, fine-needle aspiration cytology, histomorphology, and immunohistochemistry analysis, a definitive diagnosis of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervical lymph node was made. He received chemotherapy and decompressive radiation as treatment. Regarding the course of disease in the present case, the patients underwent a distant subcutaneous metastasis over the right anterior chest wall 10 months after the initial manifestation. The patient is still alive, albeit his general condition has gotten deteriorated, and he is getting regular follow-ups.
Metastasis from renal cell carcinoma-unusual presentations
Authors: Joy Anju , Kumar Aswin , Radhakrishnan Neelima
Published: December 2023

Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most lethal tumors of the urologic system and has high metastatic potential. The usual sites of metastasis are lung, bone, liver adrenal, lymph node, and brain. Thumb and oral cavity metastasis are unusual sites of metastasis. This case report describes two cases reported with unusual thumb and oral cavity metastasis. Patients with acral and oral metastasis are often misdiagnosed as benign inflammatory disease and treatment initiation is often delayed. This case report helps in drawing the attention that such lesions can be metastatic also.
Spindle cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: A diagnostic challenge - A rare case report with brief review of literature
Authors: Khan Sabina , Hassan Mohammad Jaseem , Hameed Sayika , Jetley Sujata
Published: December 2023

Objective:

Primary Spindle cell tumors of the thyroid are very rare and comprise a myriad of differential diagnoses ranging from reactive proliferations to neoplastic processes. Differentiation amongst these rare entities is of utmost importance as it defines the prognosis and also guides future therapy.

Case Report:

Hereby, we present a rare case of spindle cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma in a sixty-four-year-old female which posed a diagnostic challenge on histology. Microscopy showed a well-circumscribed spindle cell lesion with areas of infiltration and entrapment of colloid-filled thyroid follicles. There were no characteristic features of papillary carcinoma. A panel of immunohistochemistry markers was advised which clinched the diagnosis as the spindle tumor cells were positive for thyroid papillary carcinoma markers. Although papillary carcinoma usually has an indolent course, however interestingly this patient presented with lymph node metastasis one month after surgery which cytologically showed features of malignant spindle cell neoplasm.

Conclusion:

Through this case report we wish to highlight the cytological, histopathological as well as immunohistochemical features of this rare variant of papillary carcinoma.
Subcutaneous cellular angiofibroma of arm: A case report
Authors: Garach Niharika R. , Arora Khushboo C. , Waghoo Shazia , Kammar Praveen S.
Published: December 2023

Cellular angiofibroma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor reported in genital region in middle-aged patients. We report a rare presentation of the tumor in an extragenital location—the arm of a young male patient. After biopsy, an en bloc excision of the mass was done and diagnosis was confirmed. No adjuvant treatment was required. Our patient had an unusual location for this rare tumor at an age younger than reported in literature so far. Imaging can only predict the mesenchymal nature of the tumor but histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the cornerstone of diagnosis. Cellular angiofibroma has a good prognosis. Histopathology and IHC are needed to confirm the diagnosis, hence emphasizing the role of a good and experienced pathologist. The pathogenesis of the cellular angiofibroma is still not fully determined and current hormonal and immunotherapy suppression regimes will need further evaluation.
A Torelli-like theorem for higher-dimensional function fields
Authors: Topaz Adam
Published: December 2023

We prove a Torelli-like theorem for higher-dimensional function fields, from the point of view of “almost-abelian” anabelian geometry.