bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synchronization of surface electromyography and 3D electromagnetic articulography applied to study the biomechanics of the mandible: proof of concept.
Authors: Lezcano Florencia , Dias Fernando Jose , Farfán Constanza , Céspedes María Cristina Manzanares , Fuentes Ramon
Published: November 2019

Background. The aim of this study was to propose and establish the proof of concept of an approach to synchronize 3D Electromagnetic Articulography (3D-EMA) with Surface Electromyography (SEMG) systems based on the standard components of these equipment. Methods. Initially it was planned and obtained the required equipment with the appropriate characteristics required, and them it was created the proper conditions to register the synchronized signals provided by both systems. Thus, we selected a SEMG with a switch module incorporated to be able to achieve synchronization of signals. After the system setup was stablished, chewing tasks were recorded on a healthy volunteer, collecting a proof-of-concept database. The variability among recordings of the database were analyzed in order to detect possible interferences. Results. The analysis of the chewing task recordings obtained with the synchronized 3D EMA and SEMG signals in the present study did not reveal significant distortions, all values were within the informed by the manufacturers of both systems. The method presented the advantage of using only components that are already included with the equipment employed.Conclusion. The method of analysis described in this paper is an effective tool that facilitates the investigation of mandibular movements synchronized in two domains: articulatory movements and electromyographic activity. Thus, it is promising to be applied in different clinical situations to improve the analysis of the complexity of masticatory activity, in addition being able to generate new insights on this topic.
Peripheral administration of a cell-penetrating MOTS-c analogue enhances memory and attenuates Aβ1-42 or LPS induced memory impairment through inhibiting neuroinflammation
Authors: Jiang JinHong , Chang Xin , Nie YaoYan , Shen YuXuan , Liang XueYa , Xu KangTai , Peng YaLi , Chang Min
Published: November 2019

Background: MOTS-c is a 16-amino acid mitochondrial derivative peptide reported to be involved in regulating insulin resistance and obesity, osteoporosis and inflammatory responses. Accumulating evidences suggest that inhibiting neuroinflammation is a potential target in therapeutic or preventive strategies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Due to the widespread distribution of MOTS in the CNS and its role in metabolism and immune system, previous reports also pointed out that MOTS-c may be effective as a therapeutic option toward the prevention of the aging processes. Therefore, it is important to understand the roles of MOTS-c in neuroinflammation. Methods: The mouse memory function was evaluated using novel object recognition (NOR) and object location recognition (OLR) tasks. Brain hippocampus tissue samples were analyzed by quantitative PCR, western blotting, ELISA and immunostaining. Near-infrared fluorescent and confocal microscopy experiments were used to detect the brain uptake and distribution of intranasal or intravenous MOTS-c or MP (MOTS-c conjugated with cell penetrating peptides). Peptides drugs were synthesized by a standard Fmoc-based solid-phase synthetic method. Results: Central MOTS-c enhances object and location recognition memory formation and consolidation, and ameliorates the memory deficit induced by Aβ1-42 or LPS in NOR and OLR tasks, whereas dorsomorphin (AMPK inhibitor, i.p.) significantly blocked the memory-ameliorating effects of MOTS-c. Western blotting experiments showed that MOTS-c provided neuroprotection against LPS or Aβ1-42-induced neuroinflammation, which was related with phosphorylation of AMPK, but not MAPK including ERK, JNK and p38. The underlying mechanism of MOTS-c neuroprotection may be involved of inhibiting the activation of astrocytes and microglia and production of proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2 and iNOS. In order to improve the brain intake of MOTS-c, we screen out (PRR)5, a cell penetrating peptides, as a carrier for MOTS-c into the brain. Then in NOR task, intranasal or intravenous MP, but not MOTS-c, showed good memory performance on memory formation, memory consolidation and memory impairment. Finally, compared with control and Rho-MOTS-c groups, significant fluorescence signals of Rho-MP were detected in the brain by NIR fluorescence imaging. Conclusion: MOTS-c might be a new potential target for treatment of cognitive decline in AD and this way of administration MP will be the potential strategy for non-invasive therapeutic intervention.
The Characteristics and Social Functioning of Pathological Social Withdrawal, “Hikikomori,” in a Secondary Care Setting: A One-Year Cohort Study
Authors: Imai Hissei , Takamatsu Toko , Mitsuya Hideaki , Yoshizawa Hajime , Mitsuya Hidehiko , Furukawa Toshi A
Published: November 2019

Background: Pathological social withdrawal, named “Hikikomori,” is a Japanese culture-bound syndrome and a serious social problem in Japan. The number of Hikikomori cases in Japan was estimated at about 563,000 in 2016 according to governmental surveys. However, no studies have reported how many Hikikomori have access to community-based psychiatry clinics, and how different they are from non-Hikikomori patients regarding their baseline characteristics and outcomes.　The aim of the present study is to evaluate the baseline characteristics, clinical attendance, and social functioning of community psychiatric clinic patients treated for social withdrawal at one-year follow-ups.

Method : Participants (n = 304) were all patients (aged under 65) of a psychiatric clinic in a one-year period. Baseline patient characteristics were compared among “current” Hikikomori patients, “past” Hikikomori,” and “other” patients. Logistic regression analysis of “clinic attendance status” and “social functioning” at one-year follow-ups was used to assess patient outcomes. Independent variables were age, gender, Hikikomori status, and support from clinical staff.

Results : Numbers of “current”, “past” Hikikomori, and “other” patients were 60 (19.7%), 81 (26.6%), and 163 (53.6%), respectively. The percentage of “current” Hikikomori who attended in person (56.7%) was significantly smaller than for “past” (92.6%) and “other” (92.6) (p < .001). The age distribution of “current” Hikikomori patients was bimodal, peaking at 20 and 40–45 years. The “current” state predicted significantly fewer regular visits (OR = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.22–0.83; p = .012); support from psychiatric social workers increased visits (OR = 2.35; 95% CI = 1.14–4.86; p = .021). Among the “current” Hikikomori patients, first visit attendance in-person predicted regular attendance; no factor consistently predicted working/schooling status.

Conclusion : A sizable percentage of community clinic patients experienced Hikikomori. The “current” Hikikomori state corresponded with low clinic attendance and social function; “support from clinical staff” may increase visit regularity; no factors consistently improved social functioning. Further multi-site study is warranted to examine the generalizability of the findings from the current single-center study.
Effectiveness of posterior percutaneous full-endoscopic cervical foraminotomy for cervical osseous foraminal stenosis
Authors: Zhang Zihan , Du Qian , Ao Jun , Qin Jianpu , Liao WenBo
Published: November 2019

Background To evaluate the efficacy of posterior percutaneous full-endoscopic cervical foraminotomy for cervical osseous foraminal stenosis. Methods During October 2015 to October 2018, 30 patients with skeletal cervical canal stenosis who met the selection criteria were included in the study. All patients underwent percutaneous posterior full-endoscopic nerve root canal decompression. Pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and cervical dysfunction index (NDI) were used to assess the degree of pain relief. Results All patients were followed up for 2 days to 12 months, and the final follow-up was also significantly improved after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). At the last follow-up, the clinical efficacy was evaluated using the modified Macnab criteria. Conclusion Percutaneous posterior total endoscopic nerve canal incision can successfully complete the decompression of osseous neck canal stenosis. It can be used as a treatment option for patients with bony stenosis.
Ameliorative Effects of Lesinurad (Zurampic) on Experimental Hyperuricemia, Biochemical, Molecular and Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Alghamdi Youseef , Soliman Mohamed Mohamed , Nasan Mohamed
Published: November 2019

Background: The current study evaluates the potential ameliorative impact of Lesinurad (i.e. Zurampic (ZUR)) and Allopurinol (ALP) on the kidneys of hyperuricemic mice at the biochemical, molecular and cellular levels. Methods: ALP and ZUR in combination were orally administered to both hyperuricemic and control mice for seven consecutive days. Levels of uric acid and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), along with antioxidants and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-a) were measured in serum. The mRNA expression of mouse urate anion transporter-1 (mURAT1), glucose transporter 9 (mGLUT9), organic anion transporters (mOAT1 and mOAT3), in renal tissues were examined using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). Simultaneously, the immunoreactivity of transforming growth factor-1 beta (TGF-β1) was examined immunohistochemically. Results: ALP and ZUR administration resulted in significantly reduced serum urate levels and decreased serum levels of uric acid, BUN, catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-a) in hyperuricemic mice. Both partially reversed oxonate-induced alterations in renal mURAT-1, mGLUT-9, mOAT-1 and mOAT-3 expressions, as well as leading to changes in the immunoreactivity of TGF- β1, resulting in the increase of renal uric acid secretion and excretion. The combined administration of ALP and ZUR restored all altered measurements in a synergistic manner, improving renal dysfunction in the hyperuricemic mouse model employed. Conclusion: This study therefore provides evidence for the synergistic hypouricemic impact of both ALP and ZUR in the treatment of HU in mice at the biochemical, molecular and cellular levels.
Major amputations in type 2 diabetes between 2001 and 2015 in Spain: regional differences.
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez María Cristo , Chines Chiara , García Arturo J Pedrero , Sousa Djeniffer , Fernández Francisco J Cuevas , Marcelino-Rodríguez Itahisa , Coello Santiago Domínguez , de León Antonio Cabrera
Published: November 2019

Aims To analyze the evolution of type 2 diabetes major amputations (MA) in the Regions of Spain from 2001 to 2015.Methods Descriptive study of 40,392 MA from the national hospital discharge database in patients with type 2 diabetes. The incidence rate was calculated in each region, in addition to the incidence ratios (IR) between annual incidence and 2001 incidence. The length of hospital stays and mortality risks were analyzed adjusting regression models for sex, age and smoking.Results The MA incidence rate per 100,000 persons-year was 0.48 in Spain; Canary Islands showed the highest incidence (0.81). The trend was a slight decrease or stability of the incidence in all regions except in the Canary Islands (IR 2015 = 2.0 [CI95%=1.5, 2.6]) and in Madrid (IR 2015 = 0.1 [CI95%=0.1, 0.2]). Mortality after MA was 10% in Spain; Cantabria suffered the highest risk of death [1.7 (CI95%=1.4; 2.1), p<0.001] and La Rioja the lowest risk (0.5 [CI95%=0.2; 0.9]; p = 0.026). The longest hospital stay was registered in the Canary Islands [(CI95%=11.4;13.3],p<0.001)], and the shortest in the Valencian Community [(CI95%= -7.3; -5.8),p<0.001)].Conclusion MA in the Canary Islands followed a growing trend that diverged from the downward trend in the whole country. Regional mortality and hospital stay variability advise to review the clinical management, while sudden incidence decrease in Madrid suggests to check the record procedures of hospital discharges.
State of pedestrian road safety in Uganda: are interventions failing or absent?
Authors: Osuret Jimmy , Namatovu Stellah , Biribawa Claire , Balugaba Bonny E , Zziwa Esther Bayiga , Muni Kennedy , Ningwa Albert , Oporia Frederick , Mutto Milton , Kyamanywa Patrick , Guwatudde David , Kobusingye Olive
Published: November 2019

Background In Uganda, pedestrians are the most frequently injured category of road users, accounting for 40% of road traffic fatalities and 25% of serious injuries every year. There is paucity of information on existing pedestrian interventions and challenges that affect their implementation in Uganda. In this paper, we ascertain the state of pedestrian road safety interventions in Uganda and explore the challenges in the process of design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of existing interventions.Methods We conducted a qualitative study that started with a desk review of existing policy documents, police statistics, media reports, non-governmental organization reports, and published research. We supplemented the review with 14 key informant interviews and 4 focus group discussions. Participants were drawn from various agencies and stakeholders responsible for road safety. In total, we collected and synthesized data on the design, implementation, and evaluation of pedestrian safety interventions from 25 documents. Data were analyzed using qualitative thematic content analysis.Results The National Road Safety Council within the Ministry of Works and Transport is the lead agency tasked with coordinating all road safety efforts, while the Uganda Police is largely engaged in enforcing pedestrian safety. We identified several existing policies and regulations for pedestrian safety like the Non-Motorized Transport policy whose implementation has been inadequate. Implementation is constrained by weak institutional capacity and limited resources. Moreover, road safety stakeholders operated in silos and this hindered efforts to coordinate pedestrian safety activities. Interventions like road designs were implemented with limited reference to any supporting data and therefore did not cater for pedestrian needs.Conclusion There are interventions targeting pedestrian safety in Uganda, but effective implementation is lacking or failing due to constraints related to weak institutional capacity. This necessitates strategies to mobilize resources to strengthen the capacity of the lead agency to effectively coordinate road safety interventions.
Community health workers’ involvement in mother-child care during the postpartum period in the Missed Opportunities in Mother and Infant Health (MOMI) project in the Kaya health district: a contribution analysis
Authors: TOUGRI Halima , Compaoré Rachidatou , Ouédraogo Adja Mariam , Blandine Bila , Temmerman Marleen , Kouanda Seni
Published: November 2019

Maternal and infant morbidity and mortality remain high in the world and particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. However, actions to strengthen postpartum care remain weak and are mainly limited to health facilities (HFs). The MOMI project implemented in the Kaya health district included community-based health workers (CHWs) in the care of women and children during the first postpartum year through home visits, accompanying mothers to HFs and outreach sessions. The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of CHWs to postpartum women’s HF attendance.Methods We conducted an effect assessment using Mayne and Lemire's contribution analysis framework. This was a mixed-case study. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through project document review and interviews.Results Out of 6633 women, 3768 (56.8%) were visited by CHWs before the 10th day following childbirth, 34.3% between the sixth and eighth week and 9% between the ninth and twelfth months; during the same home visit periods, the CHWs accompanied 57.3%, 51.4% and 32.5% of women, respectively, to HFs for postpartum consultations. Postpartum consultation rates within the first week postpartum increased from 29% in 2011 to 80% in 2015 and from 19% to 50% within 6 weeks.Conclusions Community-based health workers involvement in the care of women improved their adherence to postpartum consultations.
Food insecurity and food assistance resource use by sexual minority women: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2014
Authors: Patterson Joanne G , Russomanno Jennifer , Tree Jennifer M Jabson
Published: November 2019

Nearly 40 million American adults report past year food insecurity. This is concerning, as food insecurity is associated with chronic disease morbidity and premature mortality. Women disproportionately experience food insecurity, and sexual minority women (i.e., lesbian, bisexual, and heterosexual women reporting same-sex behavior) may be at greater risk for experiencing food insecurity disparities. The purpose of this study was to investigate patterns and prevalence of food insecurity and food assistance resource use in sexual minority and exclusively heterosexual women using population-level health surveillance data. Methods. We pooled 2004-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Women were classified by sexual identity and lifetime same-sex behavior to create subgroups of lesbian, bisexual, heterosexual women reporting same-sex behavior (heterosexual WSW), and exclusively heterosexual women. We compared groups on past 12-month food insecurity, severe food insecurity, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and emergency food assistance resource use using multivariable Poisson regression models to estimate weighted prevalence ratios. Results. Lesbian, bisexual, and heterosexual WSW were more likely to report past 12-month food insecurity and severe food insecurity than exclusively heterosexual women: prevalence ratios (PR) ranged from 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07,1.75) to 1.77 (95% CI = 1.08-2.91). No differences were found in SNAP participation by sexual orientation, but more lesbians and heterosexual WSW reported using emergency food assistance in the past 12-months (PR = 1.96; 95% CI = 1.34, 2.88 and PR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.05, 2.06 respectively). Conclusions. Food insecurity—including disrupted eating patterns and reduced food intake—is overrepresented in sexual minority women. Lesbians and heterosexual WSW are also more likely to rely on emergency food assistance. This is problematic as SNAP use may reduce food insecurity over time, but emergency food resources (e.g., food pantries) do not. More evidence is needed to understand the multilevel factors driving food insecurity in this population, with to develop policy and community-based efforts to increase SNAP participation and decrease food insecurity.
The Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor in the Acrochordon Etiopathology
Authors: Köseoğlu Hanife Gündoğdu , Bozca Burçin Cansu , Bassorgun Cumhur Ibrahım , Sarı Ramazan , Akbas Sadıka Halide , karakaş Ayşe Akman
Published: November 2019

Background There are reports that acrochordons (skin tag), the most common fibroepithelial tumor of the skin, may be associated with metabolic syndrome components, particularly insulin metabolism disorders. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study examining its association with the insulin resistance, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF-2R) levels at tissue level yetMethods Thirty patients with at least 1 acrochordon in their body who had no known history of diabetes mellitus and the control group comprised 30 individuals who had no acrochordon or no known history of diabetes mellitus were included. IGF-1R and IGF-2R expression was investigated using immunohistochemical assessment administered to the tissue samples from the study and control groups.Results In the group with acrochordon, IGF-1R and IGF-2R expression was found to be significantly higher compared to the control group (p<0,01). IGF-1R expression was found to correlate with serum IGF-1 and BMI (p=0,03 r=0,028 and p=0,048 r=0,257 respectively). IGF-2R expression was found to correlate with BMI and HOMA-IR (p=0,03 r=0,357 and p=0,046 r=0,256 respectively). Using logistic regression analysis, an increase in serum insulin, serum IGF-1 and HOMA-IR levels was shown to increase IGF-1R and IGF-2R expression rates.Conclusion These findings support the view that insulin metabolism disorders in patients with acrochordon should be evaluated. Our study indicates that insulin like growth factor receptors may have an effect on the acrochordon pathogenesis and that acrochordon etiology and related conditions can be clarified by detection of parameters that influence the receptor levels.
Emerging coexistence of three PMQR genes on a multiple resistance plasmid with a new surrounding genetic structure of qnrS2 in E. coli in China
Authors: tao ying , zhou kaixin , xie lianyan , xu yanping , han lizhong , ni yuxing , qu jieming , sun jingyong
Published: November 2019

Quinolones are commonly used for treatment of infections by bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family. However, the rising resistance to quinolones worldwide poses a major clinical and public health risk. This study aimed to characterise a novel multiple resistance plasmid carrying three plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Escherichia coli clinical stain RJ749. Methods: MICs of ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin for RJ749 and transconjugant c749 were determined by the Etest method. Conjugation was performed using sodium azide-resistant E. coli J53 strain as a recipient. The quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE were PCR-amplified. Results: RJ749 was highly resistant to quinolones, while c749 showed low-level resistance. S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that RJ749 and c749 both harboured a plasmid. PCR presented chromosomal mutation sites of the quinolone resistance-determining region, which mediated quinolone resistance. The c749 genome comprised a single plasmid, pRJ749, with a multiple resistance region, including three plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes (aac(6′)-Ib-cr, qnrS2, and oqxAB) and ten acquired resistance genes. One of the genes, qnrS2, was shown for the first time to be flanked by two IS26s. Three IS26-mediated circular molecules carrying the PMQR genes were detected. Conclusions: We revealed the coexistence of three PMQR genes on a multiple resistance plasmid and a new surrounding genetic structure of qnrS2 flanked by IS26 elements. IS26 plays an important role in horizontal spread of quinolone resistance.
Problematic Internet Use in Children and Adolescents: Associations with psychiatric disorders and impairment
Authors: Restrepo Anita , Scheininger Tohar , Clucas Jon , Alexander Lindsay , Salum Giovanni , Georgiades Kathy , Paksarian Diana , Merikangas Kathleen , Milham Michael
Published: November 2019

Background Problematic internet use (PIU) is an increasingly worrisome issue, as youth population studies are establishing links with internalizing and externalizing problems. There is a need for a better understanding of psychiatric diagnostic profiles associated with this issue, as well as its unique contributions to impairment. Here, we leveraged the ongoing, large-scale Child Mind Institute Healthy Brain Network, a transdiagnostic self-referred, community sample of children and adolescents (ages 5-21), to examine the associations between PIU and psychopathology, general impairment, physical health and sleep disturbances.Methods A total sample of 564 (190 female) participants between the ages of 7-15 (mean = 10.80, SD = 2.16), along with their parents/guardians, completed diagnostic interviews with clinicians, answered a myriad of self-report questionnaires, and underwent physical testing as part of the Healthy Brain Network protocol.Results PIU was positively associated with depressive disorders (aOR = 2.34; CI: 1.18-4.56; p = .01), the combined subtype of ADHD (aOR = 1.79; CI: 1.08-2.98; p = .02), greater levels of impairment (Standardized Beta = 4.79; CI: 3.21-6.37; p < .01) and increased sleep disturbances (Standardized Beta = 3.01; CI: 0.58-5.45; p = .02), even when accounting for demographic covariates and psychiatric comorbidity.Conclusions The association between PIU and psychopathology, as well as its impact on impairment and sleep disturbances, highlight the urgent need to gain an understanding of mechanisms in order to inform public health recommendations on internet use in U.S. youth.
The role of leptin mediating the relationship between ‘Somatic Anxiety’ symptoms and major depressive disorder
Authors: Wang Fei , Zhu Yue , Wei Yange , Duan Jia , Zhang Ran , Sun Jiaze , Wang Pengshuo , Lv Jing , Wei Shinan , Jiang Xiaowei , Tang Yanqing
Published: November 2019

Background：Leptin is a multifunctional hormone with influences on neural circuitry in emotional processing, and it may play a role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether leptin levels were differentiated in patients with MDD and those at genetic high risk of MDD (GHR-MDD) and the relationship between leptin and clinical symptoms. Methods: Participants (18 drug-naïve MDD, 15 GHR-MDD and 40 healthy controls) completed clinical assessments and provided blood samples for measurement of leptin levels. Leptin levels were compared across all groups and associations between leptin and clinical symptoms were explored and mediation models tested. Results: We found that leptin was increased in MDD. We also found a correlation between leptin and ‘Somatic Anxiety’ symptoms in MDD and that leptin was a significant and independent mediator of clinical state and ‘Somatic Anxiety’ symptoms. Conclusions: MDD patients occured with dysregulation of leptin. Additionally, there was a correlation between leptin and ‘Somatic Anxiety’ symptoms in MDD. The finding of leptin as a significant and independent mediator of clinical state and ‘Somatic Anxiety’ symptoms suggested leptin plays an indirect effect in somatic depressive symptoms in MDD.
Burden of cervical lesion in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Semachew Ayele , Dagget Tadesse , Beyene Yeshiwork , Dessie Getnet , Endalamaw Aklilu , Workineh Yinager , Ayalew Emiru , Zeleke Balew , Animaw Worku
Published: November 2019

Though cervical cancer is largely preventable, it is still the second most common female cancer globally and the leading cause of cancer deaths among females in African. Though many efforts has been done to study the burden of the disease in Ethiopia, there are still fragmented primary studies reported cervical lesion. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed in estimating the pooled prevalence of cervical cancer and its trend in Ethiopia. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using available data. PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Google Scholar, African Index Medicus (AIM), African Journals Online databases and Ethiopian University research repositories were searched following the Preferred Items for Systematic review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline. STATA 15 statistical software was used to analyse the data. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality appraisal tool for meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistics based on the random effects model. A random effect model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence of cervical lesion in Ethiopia. In addition, the trend of cervical lesion in the country was depicted. Result: Fifteen studies with a total of 25,348 participants were included in the analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of cervical lesion was 16.36 (95 CI: 10.97-21.75). The subgroup analysis by region showed the highest prevalence of cervical lesion at the Southern Nations and Nationalities Peoples Region (19.65%; 95% CI: 15.51 – 23.80). The trend of cervical lesion showed an increased pattern overtime from 1992 to 2018 in the meta-regression analysis. Conclusion: One among six of the study participants had cervical lesion. The trend also showed that there is still an increased cervical lesion in the country. Best practices in achieving high vaccination coverage shall be adapted from other successful countries. Key words: Cervical cancer, cervical lesion, systematic review, Ethiopia
IRRIGA+: APOIO EFICIENTE NA IRRIGAÇÃO DE MUDAS DE HORTALIÇAS
Authors: Flôr Daniela Eloise , Avancio Leonardo Cancelieri
Published: November 2019

A irrigação adequada de mudas de hortaliças é crucial para o desenvolvimento da planta. Porém, não é incomum que este processo falhe por falta ou excesso de água. Considerando a possibilidade de a tecnologia colaborar para minimizar os efeitos negativos do descontrole, desenvolvemos um protótipo que por meio da verificação dos índices de temperatura e umidade do ar e umidade do solo das mudas, fornece informações que apoiem a decisão de irrigação. O protótipo, Irriga+, foi testado em um estudo de caso e obteve resultados interessantes, mesmo para uma primeira versão. Os resultados apontam que a tecnologia de prototipação eletrônica atual é capaz de contribuir para minimizar ou evitar o estresse hídrico de mudas de hortaliças.
Digital Health Consumers on the Road to the Future
Authors: Kukafka Rita
Published: November 2019

Digital health is uniquely positioned to transform health care. This viewpoint explores the enormous benefits for health consumers when digital-first health care is embraced. Also, it explores what risks exist if surveillance capitalism takes over health care. Further, some solutions to prepare digital health citizens for the road ahead are also discussed.
Twenty-Four Hour Urine Testing and Prescriptions for Urinary Stone Disease–Related Medications in Veterans
Authors: Song Shen , Thomas I-Chun , Ganesan Calyani , Sohlberg Ericka M. , Chertow Glenn M. , Liao Joseph C. , Conti Simon , Elliott Christopher S. , Pao Alan C. , Leppert John T.
Published: November 2019

Background and objectives

Current guidelines recommend 24-hour urine testing in the evaluation and treatment of persons with high-risk urinary stone disease. However, how much clinicians use information from 24-hour urine testing to guide secondary prevention strategies is unknown. We sought to determine the degree to which clinicians initiate or continue stone disease–related medications in response to 24-hour urine testing.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We examined a national cohort of 130,489 patients with incident urinary stone disease in the Veterans Health Administration between 2007 and 2013 to determine whether prescription patterns for thiazide diuretics, alkali therapy, and allopurinol changed in response to 24-hour urine testing.

Results

Stone formers who completed 24-hour urine testing (n=17,303; 13%) were significantly more likely to be prescribed thiazide diuretics, alkali therapy, and allopurinol compared with those who did not complete a 24-hour urine test (n=113,186; 87%). Prescription of thiazide diuretics increased in patients with hypercalciuria (9% absolute increase if urine calcium 201–400 mg/d; 21% absolute increase if urine calcium >400 mg/d, P<0.001). Prescription of alkali therapy increased in patients with hypocitraturia (24% absolute increase if urine citrate 201–400 mg/d; 34% absolute increase if urine citrate ≤200 mg/d, P<0.001). Prescription of allopurinol increased in patients with hyperuricosuria (18% absolute increase if urine uric acid >800 mg/d, P<0.001). Patients who had visited both a urologist and a nephrologist within 6 months of 24-hour urine testing were more likely to have been prescribed stone-related medications than patients who visited one, the other, or neither.

Conclusions

Clinicians adjust their treatment regimens in response to 24-hour urine testing by increasing the prescription of medications thought to reduce risk for urinary stone disease. Most patients who might benefit from targeted medications remain untreated.
FORMS AND MEANINGS OF ADJUNCTS IN JAMES’ FIFTY SHADES OF FREED
Authors: Bayu Pratama I Gede Pande , Susini Ni Made , Gede Suarjaya Anak Agung
Published: November 2019

This study is specifically aimed at identifying the forms of adjuncts and the meanings they carry. In order to analyze the data, descriptive-qualitative approach was applied in this research. The data are sentences which contain adverbials functioning as adjuncts and they were taken from a novel entitled Fifty Shades of Freed, written by Erika Leonard Mitchell, also known as E.L. James (2012). They were collected through library research and then presented informally by providing some examples and elaborations. There are some important points that can be concluded based on the results of analysis. First, adjuncts may appear in many forms, either phrases or clauses. Phrases forming adjuncts found in this novel are noun phrases, adverb phrases, and prepositional phrases. Meanwhile, clauses forming adjuncts which appear in this novel are finite verb clauses, non-finite verb clauses (including to-infinitive, bare infinitive, -ing participles, and -ed participles), and verbless clauses. Secondly, there are various meanings carried by adjuncts found in Fifty Shades of Freed. Adjuncts which denote space or place carry the meanings of position, direction, and distance. Adjuncts referring to time carry the meanings of time position, duration, frequency, and time relationship. Adjuncts showing process carry the meanings of manner, means, instrument, and agentive. Besides, there are also adjuncts which imply respect, cause, purpose, and concession found in this novel.
THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH DEVERBAL NOUNS IN KING JAMES BIBLE INTO MANGGARAI LANGUAGE
Authors: Sanur Fransiscus , Artawa Ketut , Sudipa I Nengah
Published: November 2019

This study aims to explain the types of shifts in the translation of English deverbal nouns (EDN) into Manggarai language especially the Central Manggarai Dialect (CMD) and to analyze how the types of EDN are translated into CMD. This study used a qualitative approach. The data were taken from the King James Bible (KJB) and Surak Nggeluk Reké Weru, English and CMD. The data were collected through observation method. This method was implemented at once with a note-taking technique. The result showed that a number of shifts and seven types of deverbal nouns found in the translation of EDN into CMD. The findings: (1) Level shifts: builders into lata pandé mbaru, (2) Structure shifts: workman into ata pala, (3) Class shifts: commandment into jera, (3) Unit shifts: healing into ina beti, and (4) Intra-system shifts: teachers into guru. In addition, the types of deverbal nouns: (1) Action deverbal noun: moving into gégon, (2) Agentive deverbal noun: beggar into ata lénggé, (3) Instrumental deverbal noun: charger into kepar, (4) Manner deverbal noun: blasphemy into rendak, (5) Locative deverbal noun: wallowing into purang, (6) Objective deverbal noun: creature into ata poli dédék, and (7) Reason deverbal noun: temperance into le kuasa weki.
THE ROLE OF MOSLEM SOCIETIES’S LEADERSHIP IN PERSPECTIVE OF NATIONAL INTEGRATION: A CASE STUDY IN PEGAYAMAN VILLAGE, BULELENG DISTRICT, BALI
Authors: Mardika I Nyoman
Published: November 2019

Muslim communities which is located in Pegayaman Village, in Buleleng Regency, have a unique and ambivalent position. Nationally, they are part of the majority Muslim communities in Indonesia. However, since they located at Buleleng regency which is a Hindu majority, the communities certainly becomes a minority group. The Muslim community of Pegayaman can live in harmony and be able to integrate with other community as a minority. In the national integration of the Muslim Pegayaman community is able to blend with other communities without losing their cultural identity. This is inseparable from the system of values, beliefs amd cultural (religious) identity and leadership in the village. The concept was able to bring the Pegayaman Muslim community to maintain national intehration and keep them away from disintegration process.
Эволюционные уравнения и случайные графы
Authors: Лушников А. А.
Published: November 2019

На примере эволюции случайного графа обсуждается подход к стохастической динамике сложных систем на основе эволюционных уравнений. Для случая графа эти уравнения описывают временные изменения в структуре графа, связанные с процессом случайного добавления в него новых связей. Такой процесс тесно связан с коалесценцией отдельных неприводимых компонент графа и ведет к появлению сингулярностей в спектрах и их моментах в течение конечных промежутков времени. Эти сингулярности возникают вследствие появления гигантской связной компоненты, порядок которой сравним с полным порядком всего графа. В работе демонстрируется метод анализа динамики процесса эволюции случайного графа, основанный на точном решении эволюционного уравнения, которое описывает зависимость от времени производящего функционала для вероятности застать в системе заданное распределение связных компонент графа. Дан вывод нелинейного интегрального уравнения для производящей функции распределения по числу связных компонент и обрисованы методы его анализа. В заключительной части обсуждены возможности применения изложенного подхода для решения ряда эволюционных проблем статистической геодинамики.
Аналог теоремы даффина-шеффера для одного класса рядов дирихле с конечнозначными коэффициэнтами
Authors: Кузнецов В. Н. , Матвеева О. А.
Published: November 2019

Известная теорема, доказанная Доффиным и Шеффером, утверждает, что ограниченность степенного ряда с конечнозначными коэффициентами в некотором секторе единичного круга равносильна периодичности его коэффициентов, начиная с некоторого номера. В работе указывается класс рядов Дирихле с конечнозначными коэффициентами, ограниченными в любой полосе правой полуплоскости комплексной плоскости константой, зависящей только от высоты полосы, для которых доказан аналог теоремы ДаффинаШеффера. Ранее аналог теоремы Даффина-Шеффера был получен авторами для рядов Дирихле с мультипликативными коэффициентами. Методика доказательства этого результата позволила, в частности, решить известную проблему обобщенных характеров, поставленную в 1950 году Ю.В. Линником и Н.Г. Чудаковым. В данной работе эта методика использована при доказательстве аналога ДаффинаШеффера для указанного класса рядов Дирихле с мультипликативными коэффициентами.
Apresentação
Authors: Zandwais Ana , Tutikian Jane
Published: November 2019

A emergência do Estado-Nação nas sociedades modernas, a partir do sec.xix, coloca em cena, notadamente, relações igualitárias, em termos de compromissos do Estado para com os cidadãos e dos cidadãos para como o Estado, devendo tais relações caracterizar o bom funcionamento da res pública e a busca de um maior equilíbrio social entre os diferentes setores, atendendo às necessidades coletivas.A partir desta ótica, o exercício da democracia não pode ser reduzido ao exercício da política com fins meramente imediatistas e que visem a privilegiar um determinado conjunto de instituições em detrimento de outras. Este não pode estar apartado ou acima da sociedade civil e necessita, fundamentalmente, pautar-se por deliberações equânimes, configurando-se como governabilidade para todos, sem distinções étnicas, religiosas ou lingüísticas.No entanto, os regimes de feição totalitária ao colocarem o poder de Estado acima dos interesses públicos, da sociedade, passam a violar a democracia, tanto da perspectiva jurídica como política, colocando as ações do Estado a serviço de interesses hegemônicos de determinados segmentos da sociedade em detrimento de outros, abolindo, portanto, as práticas de representatividade dos interesses da sociedade e, por fim, dando lugar à naturalização de políticas corporativas como a implementação de leis independentes da aprovação das Câmaras, Senados, deliberações institucionais que não atendem ao bem estar social e diferentes modalidades de práticas de violência como a intolerância às minorias, o racismo, a xenofobia, a exploração do trabalho de menores e dos refugiados de países pobres e em guerra, o feminicídio, o tráfico de armamentos, entre outras, e que vêm a contribuir com o processo de destruição da própria sociedade, desmantelando, em última instância, o Estado de Direito.
A língua Moldava nomeia o quê?
Authors: Sériot Patrick
Published: November 2019

Este estudo propõe uma reflexão em torno das políticas linguísticas desencadeadas no Leste Europeu, investigando o problema das disputas entre as línguas Moldava e Romena. Ao questionar o que se inscreve na ação de nomear uma língua e analisar as especificidades e os argumentos históricos apresentados pelos cidadãos Romenos e Moldavos buscamos compreender as origens do nacionalismo em cada uma das nações.
Discursos meia-oito e o dialogismo em movimentos
Authors: Santos Elmo
Published: November 2019

O presente ensaio é parte de estudos desenvolvidos sobre a polêmica, especialmente aqueles comprometidos com a abordagem dialógica. Esses estudos foram inspirados na descoberta de alguns acontecimentos relevantes da história brasileira, como a temática de 1968, com seus revolucionários movimentos e manifestações. Propomos um estudo a partir da composição do enunciado concreto e do dialogismo polêmico, conforme as indicações do Círculo de Bakhtin, que interage em múltiplos diálogos com discursos de resistência de 1968, em exemplos verbais e verbo-visuais, ainda em movimento.
När blir det plagiat? – En tvärsnittsstudie av studenters färdigheter och förmågor gällande fusk i form av plagiat
Authors: Karlsson Tom S.
Published: November 2019

Den här artikeln berör situationer då plagiat kan uppstå. Mer specifikt handlar artikeln om studenters färdigheter och förmågor när det kommer till plagiering eller situationer som skulle kunna förstås som plagiering. En enkät med nio olika situationer skapades i syfte att kartlägga studenters förmåga att identifiera när det kan handla om plagiat. 634 studenter på två olika institutioner vid Göteborgs universitet svarade på enkäten. Resultat och analys visar att studenter generellt hade god förmåga att identifiera enklare fall av plagiat, men klarade sig sämre i mer komplexa fall. Resultaten pekar vidare på att det framförallt är yngre studenter (födda på 90-talet) och akademiskt oerfarna som har lägre träffsäkerhet i sin identifikation. Artikeln avslutas med en reflektion kring undervisning och examination och lyfter särskilt fram tre delar: (i) vikten av att prata om plagiat, (ii) vikten av att arbeta med akademisk integritet och (iii) vikten av att arbeta med akademiskt oerfarna..
A influência da forma de apresentação dos enunciados no desempenho de alunos surdos na resolução de problemas de estruturas aditivas
The influence of the form of presentation of utterances on the performance of deaf students in solving problems of additive structures
Authors: Ignatius Nogueira Clélia Maria , Ignatius Nogueira Beatriz
Published: November 2019

Este artigo relata resultados de um Estudo de Caso em que nove alunos surdos e um ouvinte resolveram nove problemas de estruturas aditivas, divididos igualmente em três blocos, um para problemas de Composição, um para os de Transformação e um de Comparação, segundo o estabelecido pela Teoria dos Campos Conceituais de Gerard Vergnaud. Os problemas diferiam quanto à apresentação: o primeiro se restringia apenas ao enunciado escrito, o segundo recebia um diagrama e o terceiro uma ilustração. O objetivo principal da investigação foi identificar qual a preferência dos surdos no que se refere à forma de apresentação dos enunciados. Os resultados apontaram que o aspecto visual é determinante para a compreensão dos enunciados de problemas de Matemática pelos surdos e permitiram também identificar que os sujeitos tiveram desempenho similar ao de crianças ouvintes, considerando-se idade, nível de escolaridade e hierarquia de dificuldades dos problemas.
Comparação entre a teoria das Situações Didáticas de Brousseau e a Matemática no Contexto das Ciências de Camarena
Comparison between Brousseau's Theory of Didactic Situations and Mathematics in the Context of Camarena Sciences
Authors: Loureiro de Lima Gabriel , Lutaif Bianchini Barbara , Gomes Eloiza
Published: November 2019

Apresentamos neste artigo uma primeira articulação entre duas abordagens teóricas da Didática da Matemática: a Teoria das Situações Didáticas (TSD) e a Matemática no Contexto das Ciências (MCC), com o objetivo de compará-las e contrastá-las. Detivemo-nos nos princípios gerais de tais referenciais, no planejamento de situações de aprendizagem e em aspectos do trabalho em sala de aula envolvendo o docente e o discente. Como uma convergência entre as duas teorias podemos citar a análise das interações entre os diferentes atores presentes no sistema educativo (aluno, conteúdo e professor). Ambas têm por base ideias construtivistas, no sentido de Piaget, sendo que a MCC foi inicialmente idealizada para o ensino superior, enquanto a TSD pode ser empregada para qualquer nível de ensino. Como principal ferramenta de trabalho em classe, na MCC temos os eventos contextualizados, construídos a partir de aplicações da Matemática em diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Na TSD trabalha-se com situações adidáticas, que são planejadas a partir de situações fundamentais relativas a um conceito matemático. Nas teorias em foco, parte-se do pressuposto de que o aluno deve construir seu próprio conhecimento e, para tal, o professor assume o papel de mediador. Ambas contemplam etapas de contextualização e de descontextualização do saber.
Percursos de estudantes ao lidarem com a introdução do conceito de limite
Student routes when dealing with the introduction of the concept of limit
Authors: Monteiro da Silva Burigato Sonia Maria , Magalhães de Freitas José Luiz , Ouvrier-Buffet Cécile
Published: November 2019

Neste artigo apresentamos parte de nossa pesquisa de doutorado em andamento, em que temos como objetivo central levantar elementos no processo de aprendizagem da introdução do conceito de limite de função. Referenciamo-nos em uma teoria cognitivista, para buscarmos esses caminhos intelectuais dos alunos ao lidar com atividades introdutórias do conceito de limite, no caso a teoria dos campos conceituais de Vergnaud. Escolhemos trabalhar com alunos de um curso de licenciatura em matemática no Brasil e também com alunos da França. A ideia é realizar uma comparação, em termos de introdução desse conceito e dos caminhos percorridos por esses estudantes na introdução desse conceito. Um dos aspectos diferentes desses dois países é com relação ao nível escolar em que este conceito é apresentado. No Brasil geralmente ele é introduzido na universidade, enquanto que na França isso ocorre no lycée. Nas primeiras análises das resoluções dos estudantes, modelamos teoremas em ação (adequados ou não) e também regras em ação relacionadas a esses teoremas em ação e, assim, estamos conseguindo investigar os primeiros esquemas que esses alunos utilizam ao lidar com as situações introdutórias para o ensino de limite de funções. Buscamos também estudar aproximações entre os esquemas utilizados pelos alunos do Brasil e da França.