bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Properties of UnripeCarica papayaFruit Extract and Its Protective Effects against Endothelial Oxidative Stress
Authors: Jarisarapurin Wattanased , Sanrattana Wariya , Chularojmontri Linda , Kunchana Khwandow , Wattanapitayakul Suvara K.
Published: June 2019

It has been proven that high consumption of fruit and vegetable lowers the risks of cardiovascular and other oxidative stress-related diseases. Here we evaluated the effects of a tropical fruit, unripeCarica papaya(UCP), on endothelial protection against oxidative damage induced by H2O2. The antioxidant properties of UCP were investigated using the assays of FRAP and ORAC and specific ROS scavenging activities (H2O2,O2•-, OH•, HOCl). Cytoprotective property was tested in human endothelial cell line EA.hy926 with respect to cell survival, intracellular ROS levels, antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, SOD, GPX), survival/stress signaling (AKT, JNK, p38), and nuclear signaling (Nrf2, NF-kB). UCP processed high antioxidant activity and scavenging activity against H2O2> OH•>O2•-> HOCl, respectively. UCP improved cell survival in the milieu of ROS reduction. While SOD was increased by UCP, CAT activity was enhanced when cells were challenged with H2O2. UCP had no impact on H2O2-activated AKT, JNK, and p38 signaling but significantly decreased nuclear NF-κB levels. The overactivation of Nrf2 in response to oxidative stress was constrained by UCP. In conclusion, UCP protected endothelial cells against oxidative damage through intracellular ROS reduction, enhanced CAT activity, suppression of NF-kB, and prohibition of Nrf2 dysregulation. Thus, UCP might be a candidate for development of nutraceuticals against CVD and oxidative-related diseases and conditions.
The Unique Positive Solution for Singular Hadamard Fractional Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Mao Jinxiu , Zhao Zengqin , Wang Chenguang
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we investigate singular Hadamard fractional boundary value problems. The existence and uniqueness of the exact iterative solution are established only by using an iterative algorithm. The iterative sequences have been proved to converge uniformly to the exact solution, and estimation of the approximation error and the convergence rate have also been derived.
Is Prehospital Time Important for the Treatment of Severely Injured Patients? A Matched-Triplet Analysis of 13,851 Patients from the TraumaRegister DGU®
Authors: Klein Konstantin , Lefering Rolf , Jungbluth Pascal , Lendemans Sven , Hussmann Bjoern
Published: June 2019

Background. The impact of time (the golden period of trauma) on the outcome of severely injured patients has been well known for a long time. While the duration of the prehospital phase has changed only slightly (average time: ~66 min) since the TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU®) was implemented, mortality rates have decreased within the last 20 years. This study analyzed the influence of prehospital time on the outcome of trauma patients in a matched-triplet analysis. Material and Methods. A total of 93,024 patients from the TraumaRegister DGU® were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: ISS ≥ 16, primary admission, age ≥ 16 years, and data were available for the following variables: prehospital intubation, blood pressure, mode of transportation, and age. The patients were assigned to one of three groups: group 1: 10-50 min (short emergency treatment time); group 2: 51-75 min (intermediate emergency treatment time); group 3: >75 min (long emergency treatment time). A matched-triplet analysis was conducted; matching was based on the following criteria: intubation at the accident site, rescue resources, Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) of the body regions, systolic blood pressure, year of the accident, and age. Results. A total of 4,617 patients per group could be matched. The number of patients with a GCS score ≤8 was significantly higher in the first group (group 1: 36.6%, group 2: 33.5%, group 3: 30.3%; p < 0.001). Moreover, the number of patients who had to be resuscitated during the prehospital phase and/or upon arrival at the hospital was higher in group 1 (p = 0.010); these patients also had a significantly higher mortality (group 1: 20.4%, group 2: 18.1%, group 3: 15.9%; p ≤ 0.001). The number of measures performed during the prehospital phase (e.g., chest tube insertion) increased with treatment time. Conclusions. The results suggest that survival after severe trauma is not only a matter of short rescue time but more a matter of well-used rescue time including performance of vital measures already in the prehospital setting. This also includes that rescue teams identify the severity of injuries more rapidly in the most-severely injured patients in critical condition than in less-severely injured patients and plan their interventions accordingly.
Numerical Analysis of Laminar Convective Condensation with the Presence of Noncondensable Gas Flowing Downward in a Vertical Channel
Authors: Ait Hssain Mustapha , El Hammami Youness , Mir Rachid , Armou Sara , Zine-Dine Kaoutar
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this paper is to study and perform a numerical analysis of the simultaneous processes of mass and heat transfer during the condensation process of a steam in the existence of noncondensable gas (NCG) inside a descending vertical channel. In this study, the flow of the vapor‐air mixture is laminar and the saturation conditions are prevailing at the inlet of the channel. The coupled control equations for liquid film, interfacial conditions, and mixture flow are solved together using the approach of finite volume. Detailed and valuable results are presented both in the liquid condensate film and in the mixing regions. These detailed results contain the dimensionless velocity and dimensionless temperature profiles in both phases, the dimensionless mass fraction of vapor, the axial variation of the dimensionless thickness of the film liquid δ⁎, and the accumulated condensate rate Mr as well the local Nusselt number Nuy. The relative humidity at the inlet varies from 60% to 100% and the inlet temperature from 40°C to 80°C. The results confirm that a decrease in the mass concentration of NCG by the increasing the inlet relative humidity has a direct influence on the liquid film layer, the local number of Nusselt, and the variation of condensation rate accumulated through the channel. The results also designate that an increase of the inlet relative humidity and the inlet temperature ameliorates the condensation process. The comparison made for the coefficient of heat transfer due to condensation process and the condensate liquid film thickness with the literature results is in good concordance which gives more credibility to our calculation model.
Spontaneous Splenic Rupture following Colorectal Surgery and Hemodialysis
Authors: AlMuhsin Ahmed Mohammed , Privitera Antonio , Balhareth Ameera , Sabr Khalid
Published: June 2019

Atraumatic splenic rupture is rarely encountered in clinical practice compared to traumatic rupture. General risk factors include hematological, infectious, or malignant splenic diseases, uremic coagulopathy, use of heparin, hypertension, and immune-compromised status. Spontaneous splenic rupture following colorectal surgery has never been reported. Maintaining a high index of suspicion in patients presenting with left upper quadrant pain and tenderness is crucial. Diagnosis can be made with the aid of an ultrasound or CT scan. The management plan should be tailored to the patient’s clinical conditions. The authors present a case of spontaneous splenic rupture in a patient following colectomy for cancer and undergoing postoperative hemodialysis and discuss the possible etiological factors.
Analysis of Concrete‐Filled Square Steel Tube Short Columns under Eccentric Loading
Authors: Shan Qifeng , Cai Jingming , Li Xiaopeng , Tan Jiawei
Published: June 2019

The concrete‐filled square steel tube (CFSST) columns have been widely applied in structural engineering. Although many constitutive models have been proposed to describe CFSST short columns under concentric loading, the applicability of the existing concentric model in the analysis of CFSST short columns under eccentric loading has not been properly verified. In this paper, the eccentric behaviors of CFSST short columns were investigated with the software of ABAQUS/standard. It was found that the contact stress between steel tube and inner concrete was seriously affected by eccentric ratios, indicating that the confinement effect of steel tube on inner concrete was different under concentric and eccentric loading. In this paper, a new stress‐strain model of inner concrete which considered the influence of eccentricity was developed and verified with existing experimental results. It was found that the proposed stress‐strain model was more accurate in simulating the eccentric behaviors of CFSST short columns.
Safety and Dose Study of Targeted Lung Denervation in Moderate/Severe COPD Patients
Authors: Valipour Arschang , Shah Pallav L. , Pison Christophe , Ninane Vincent , Janssens Wim , Perez Thierry , Kessler Romain , Deslee Gaetan , Garner Justin , Abele Christine , Hartman Jorine E. , Slebos Dirk-Jan ,   On behalf of the AIRFLOW-1 Study Group
Published: June 2019

Rationale: Targeted lung denervation (TLD) is a novel bronchoscopic treatment for the disruption of parasympathetic innervation of the lungs. Objectives: To assess safety, feasibility, and dosing of TLD in patients with moderate to severe COPD using a novel device design. Methods: Thirty patients with COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 s 30–60%) were 1:1 randomized in a double-blinded fashion to receive TLD with either 29 or 32 W. Primary endpoint was the rate of TLD-associated adverse airway effects that required treatment through 3 months. Assessments of lung function, quality of life, dyspnea, and exercise capacity were performed at baseline and 1-year follow-up. An additional 16 patients were enrolled in an open-label confirmation phase study to confirm safety improvements after procedural enhancements following gastrointestinal adverse events during the randomized part of the trial. Results: Procedural success, defined as device success without an in-hospital serious adverse event, was 96.7% (29/30). The rate of TLD-associated adverse airway effects requiring intervention was 3/15 in the 32 W versus 1/15 in the 29 W group, p = 0.6. Five patients early in the randomized phase experienced serious gastric events. The study was stopped and procedural changes made that reduced both gastrointestinal and airway events in the subsequent phase of the randomized trial and follow-up confirmation study. Improvements in lung function and quality of life were observed compared to baseline values for both doses but were not statistically different. Conclusions: The results demonstrate acceptable safety and feasibility of TLD in patients with COPD, with improvements in adverse event rates after procedural enhancements.
Impaired Autonomic Nervous System-Microbiome Circuit in Hypertension
Authors: Zubcevic Jasenka , Richards Elaine M. , Yang Tao , Kim Seungbum , Sumners Colin , Pepine Carl J. , Raizada Mohan K.
Published: June 2019

Hypertension affects an estimated 103 million Americans, yet gaps in knowledge continue to limit its successful management. Rapidly emerging evidence is linking gut dysbiosis to many disorders and diseases including hypertension. The evolution of the -omics techniques has allowed determination of the abundance and potential function of gut bacterial species by next-generation bacterial sequencing, whereas metabolomics techniques report shifts in bacterial metabolites in the systemic circulation of hypertensive patients and rodent models of hypertension. The gut microbiome and host have evolved to exist in balance and cooperation, and there is extensive crosstalk between the 2 to maintain this balance, including during regulation of blood pressure. However, an understanding of the mechanisms of dysfunctional host-microbiome interactions in hypertension is still lacking. Here, we synthesize some of our recent data with published reports and present concepts and a rationale for our emerging hypothesis of a dysfunctional gut-brain axis in hypertension. Hopefully, this new information will improve the understanding of hypertension and help to address some of these knowledge gaps.
Comparison of Conventional Lipoprotein Tests and Apolipoproteins in the Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Welsh Claire , Celis-Morales Carlos A. , Brown Rosemary , Mackay Daniel F. , Lewsey James , Mark Patrick B. , Gray Stuart R. , Ferguson Lyn D. , Anderson Jana J. , Lyall Donald M. , Cleland John G. , Jhund Pardeep S. , Gill Jason M.R. , Pell Jill P. , Sattar Naveed , Welsh Paul
Published: June 2019

Background:

Total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) measurements are central to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment, but there is continuing debate around the utility of other lipids for risk prediction.

Methods:

Participants from UK Biobank without baseline CVD and not taking statins, with relevant lipid measurements (n=346 686), were included in the primary analysis. An incident fatal or nonfatal CVD event occurred in 6216 participants (1656 fatal) over a median of 8.9 years. Associations of nonfasting lipid measurements (total cholesterol, HDL-C, non–HDL-C, direct and calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and apolipoproteins [Apo] A1 and B) with CVD were compared using Cox models adjusting for classical risk factors, and predictive utility was determined by the C-index and net reclassification index. Prediction was also tested in 68 649 participants taking a statin with or without baseline CVD (3515 CVD events).

Results:

ApoB, LDL-C, and non–HDL-C were highly correlated (
r
>0.90), while HDL-C was strongly correlated with ApoA1 (
r
=0.92). After adjustment for classical risk factors, 1 SD increase in ApoB, direct LDL-C, and non–HDL-C had similar associations with composite fatal/nonfatal CVD events (hazard ratio, 1.23, 1.20, 1.21, respectively). Associations for 1 SD increase in HDL-C and ApoA1 were also similar (hazard ratios, 0.81 [both]). Adding either total cholesterol and HDL-C, or ApoB and ApoA, to a CVD risk prediction model (C-index, 0.7378) yielded similar improvement in discrimination (C-index change, 0.0084; 95% CI, 0.0065, 0.0104, and 0.0089; 95% CI, 0.0069, 0.0109, respectively). Once total and HDL-C were in the model, no further substantive improvement was achieved with the addition of ApoB (C-index change, 0.0004; 95% CI, 0.0000, 0.0008) or any measure of LDL-C. Results for predictive utility were similar for a fatal CVD outcome, and in a discordance analysis. In participants taking a statin, classical risk factors (C-index, 0.7118) were improved by non–HDL-C (C-index change, 0.0030; 95% CI, 0.0012, 0.0048) or ApoB (C-index change, 0.0030; 95% CI, 0.0011, 0.0048). However, adding ApoB or LDL-C to a model already containing non–HDL-C did not further improve discrimination.

Conclusions:

Measurement of total cholesterol and HDL-C in the nonfasted state is sufficient to capture the lipid-associated risk in CVD prediction, with no meaningful improvement from addition of apolipoproteins, direct or calculated LDL-C.
True First-Pass Effect
Authors: Nikoubashman Omid , Dekeyzer Sven , Riabikin Alexander , Keulers Annika , Reich Arno , Mpotsaris Anastasios , Wiesmann Martin
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—

It has been hypothesized that in stroke patients, complete reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction; mTICI 3) after a single thrombectomy pass is a predictor for favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2), but a true first-pass effect defined as improved clinical outcome after complete reperfusion with one versus multiple passes has not yet been specifically addressed in the literature.

Methods—

We compared clinical outcome of 164 consecutive patients with occlusions in the anterior circulation and known symptom onset, in whom we achieved complete reperfusion (mTICI 3), depending on whether complete reperfusion was achieved after a single thrombectomy pass (n=62) or multiple thrombectomy passes (n=102). To adjust for confounding factors such as prolonged time spans between symptom onset and reperfusion, additional administration of intra-arterial thrombolysis, and clot localization, we also compared clinical outcome of our first-pass group with a matched cohort (n=54) and a superselective subgroup of first-pass patients (only M1 occlusions, no additional intra-arterial thrombolysis; n=46) with its matched cohort (n=24).

Results—

Multivariable analysis of our cohort of 164 nonmatched patients revealed that there was a significant association between first-pass complete reperfusion and favorable clinical outcome (
P
=0.013). This was confirmed in our case-control analyses (
P
=0.010 and
P
=0.042). In our matched cohorts, favorable clinical outcome was seen almost twice as often if complete reperfusion was achieved after one pass (62% and 67% versus 36% and 37%), and odds for favorable outcome were 2.4 to 3.2× higher (CIs, 1.1–4.8 and 1.0–9.9).

Conclusions—

First-pass complete reperfusion is an independent factor for favorable outcome and should be aimed for in mechanical thrombectomy.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Explicit Diagnostic Criteria for Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Dolmans L. Servaas , Lebedeva Elena R. , Veluponnar Dinusha , van Dijk Ewoud J. , Nederkoorn Paul J. , Hoes Arno W. , Rutten Frans H. , Olesen Jes , Kappelle L. Jaap ,   for the MIND-TIA Study Group*, Bartelink M.E.L. , van Delft S. , Seppenwoolde G.J.
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—

The clinical diagnosis of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) can be difficult. Evidence-based criteria hardly exist. We evaluated if the recently proposed Explicit Diagnostic Criteria for TIA (EDCT), an easy to perform clinical tool focusing on type, duration, and mode of onset of clinical features, would facilitate the clinical diagnosis of TIA.

Methods—

We used data from patients suspected of a TIA by a general practitioner and referred to a TIA service in the region of Utrecht, the Netherlands, who participated in the MIND-TIA (Markers in the Diagnosis of TIA) study. Information about the clinical features was collected with a standardized questionnaire within 72 hours after onset. A panel of 3 experienced neurologists ultimately determined the definite diagnosis based on all available diagnostic information including a 6-month follow-up period. Two researchers scored the EDCT. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the EDCT were assessed using the panel diagnosis as reference. A secondary analysis was performed with modified subcriteria of the EDCT.

Results—

Of the 206 patients, 126 (61%) had a TIA (n=104) or minor stroke (n=22), and 80 (39%) an alternative diagnosis. Most common alternative diagnoses were migraine with aura (n=24; 30.0%), stress related or somatoform symptoms (n=16; 20.0%), and syncope (n=9; 11.3%). The original EDCT had a sensitivity of 98.4% (95% CI, 94.4–99.8) and a specificity of 61.3% (49.7–71.9). Negative and positive predictive values were 96.1% (86.0–99.0) and 80.0% (75.2–84.1), respectively. The modified EDCT showed a higher specificity of 73.8% (62.7–83.0) with the same sensitivity and a similar negative predictive value of 96.7%, but a higher positive predictive value of 85.5% (80.3–89.5).

Conclusions—

The EDCT has excellent sensitivity and negative predictive value and could be a valuable diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of TIA.
Breathy Shame and the Place of Hebrew in the Work of Jerome of Stridon
Authors: Hunt Thomas E.
Published: June 2019

This article analyses the place of Hebrew in Jerome’s work by situating it in wider patterns of late antique masculinity and shame. Drawing on Sedgwick and Fanon, it shows how shame is a spatial affect. Discussions of Hebrew in Jerome’s work emphasise the particular spaces in which Hebrew is written, read, or transported. One space is particularly important for Jerome’s translations of Hebrew: the space of the mouth as it inhales and exhales language. Focussing on space, language, and breath reveals why Hebrew is particularly shameful for Jerome and explains some of the apparent ambiguities in his discussions of translation.
The Relationship Between Christian Metanarratives and Authoritative Scriptures in South African Society
Authors: Nel Marius J.
Published: June 2019

In studying the interaction between the three monotheistic religions in South Africa it is important to note that each of them functions as a metanarrative in that they all attempt to provide a more-or-less coherent perspective on reality. The different, but also overlapping, metanarratives of Islam, Judaism and Christianity furthermore each has a complex relationship with their respective authoritative Scriptures, communities of faith, contemporary societies and each other. It is therefore necessary to investigate the manner in which each religion’s metanarrative functions within the spheres of the academy, faith community and broader society. This contribution describes one of the projects of the envisioned Centre for the Interpretation of Authoritative Scriptures (CIAS) that is in the process of being established at Stellenbosch University. The focus of this project will be on the relationship between the metanarrative contained in the Christian canon, a specific faith community (the Dutch Reformed Church) within South African society in the period 2009–2019.
What Are Authoritative Scriptures?
Authors: Punt Jeremy
Published: June 2019

The understanding of scriptures has shifted away from static and stable repositories of word, to emphasise scriptures’ dynamic, active and relational qualities. Neither are authoritative ascriptions denied nor comparative work excluded, but in both cases different perceptions are now at work, rendering different results than in the past.
Establishing a Centre for the Interpretation of Authoritative Scriptures (CIAS)
Authors: Jonker Louis
Published: June 2019

There is an institutional hiatus in South Africa regarding comparative hermeneutics, in that no dedicated attention is given to studying the scriptures of the three monotheistic traditions together. Although these three traditions are studied in isolation or as religious phenomena in various institutions, there is presently no institution focusing on the hermeneutic aspects that brought these scriptures about, that rendered them authoritative through their respective histories, that determined their interpretations through the ages, and that inform their interpretations in modern-day societies. This contribution describes a project in which a Centre for the Interpretation of Authoritative Scriptures (CIAS) is presently being established at Stellenbosch University.
Editing, Circulating, and Reading Huang Zhong’s Hai yu 海語
Authors: Papelitzky Elke
Published: June 2019

Huang Zhong’s 1536 Hai yu is a short text about foreign countries and products connected to the sea. To compile his book, the author mainly used information based on what seafarers told him in his native place Nanhai, Guangdong, making the text a unique source for Chinese maritime history during the early sixteenth century. In the Ming dynasty, at least three different versions were circulating, all of which are now lost. Luckily, all three editions were preserved in congshu of the late Ming and Qing dynasties. The Hai yu was read and quoted by later scholars, especially those from the Jiangnan area, who valued the book for its expertise on products and animals.

Through the analysis of two full text databases of Chinese texts and gazetteers, this article examines the history of reading of Huang Zhong’s book, as well as the circulation of knowledge and the changes and adaptions Huang Zhong’s knowledge went through.
Notes on the genus Celotes, with the description of a new species from Mexico (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae: Pyrgini)
Authors: WARREN ANDREW D. , STEINHAUSER STEPHEN R. , HERNÁNDEZ-MEJÍA CLAUDIA , GRISHIN NICK V.
Published: June 2019

A new species of Celotes is described from central Mexico, bringing the total number of species in this genus to three. The new Celotes is larger and darker than its two congeners, and is immediately distinguished from them by a combination of a very long and curved projection from the valva, broad valvae, terminally narrowing less massive harpe, smaller tegumen and narrower uncus. These abundantly distinct genitalic characters, together with whitish, but rounded, scales on the dorsal surface of the male metathoracic pouch strongly argue for the species-level recognition of this seemingly allopatric Celotes phenotype.
Two new species of Amphinemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Yunnan, China, with the redescription of A. triramia (Wu, 1962)
Authors: LI WEIHAI , YANG DING
Published: June 2019

Two new species in the family Nemouridae, Amphinemura interrupta sp. nov. and A. nigritubulata sp. nov., are described from Yunnan, China. Amphinemura triramia (Wu, 1962) is re-described and re-illustrated based on fresh material from the same locality. Their relationships with close relatives are discussed.
Two Middle Jurassic hanging-flies (Insecta: Mecoptera: Bittacidae) from Northeast China
Authors: LI YAN-LI , REN DONG , SHIH CHUNG-KUN
Published: June 2019

Two new genera with two new species, Formosibittacus macularis gen. et sp. nov. and Jurahylobittacus astictus gen. et sp. nov. are described on the basis of well preserved specimens collected from the Jiulongshan Formation (Middle Jurassic) of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. Formosibittacus can be distinguished from all known genera by a combination of the following features: three cross-veins between R 1 and R 2+3 ; one pterostigmal cross-vein; and two cross-veins between M 4 and CuA. Jurahylobittacus differs from all known genera by a combination the following of characters: one cross-vein between R 1 and R 2+3 ; one pterostigmal cross-vein; and two cross-veins between M 4 and CuA.
Present distribution of the genus Gnathostoma (Nematoda: Gnathostomatidae) in Mexico
Authors: PÉREZ-ÁLVAREZ YOLANDA , GARCÍA-PRIETO LUIS , OSORIO-SARABIA DAVID , LAMOTHE-ARGUMEDO RAFAEL , LEÓN-RÈGAGNON VIRGINIA
Published: June 2019

Three species of the nematode genus Gnathostoma are distributed in Mexico, namely G. binucleatum, G. lamothei, and G. turgidum. The knowledge of their geographic distribution is important because their potential to infect humans causing gnathostomiasis. In this study, we compile all available records in literature, as well as newly collected data in a data base of 238 records, in 82 localities of 14 sates in Mexico. Tabasco, Oaxaca, and Veracruz states show the largest concentration of localities positive to the infection by these nematode species. The number of host species infected with one of the species of Gnathostoma reaches a total of 80 and fish is the most numerous group with 39 parasitized species, distributed in 11 families.
A new species and new records of millipedes of the family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida) from Altai
Authors: MIKHALJOVA ELENA V. , NEFEDIEV PAVEL S. , NEFEDIEVA JULIA S.
Published: June 2019

Altajosoma corniferum sp. n. is described from the Republic of Altai, Siberia, Russia. The new species differs from congeners mainly by the large, horn-shaped lateral sheath processes of the posterior gonopod colpocoxites. New faunistic records for Altai are given for other species of the family Diplomaragnidae. All currently known members of Diplomaragnidae from Altai are keyed, including the new species.
Triplophysa waisihani, a new species of nemacheiline loach from Northwest China (Pisces: Balitoridae)
Authors: CAO LIANG , ZHANG E
Published: June 2019

Triplophysa waisihani, a new species of nemacheiline loach, is described from the Kax River, a tributary of the Ili River drainage in Xinjiang-Uighur Autonomous Region of Northwest China. It can be assigned to the T. labiata species group characterized by having widely separated anterior and posterior nostrils and no breeding tubercles on the sides of the head. Triplophysa waisihani resembles T. labiata and T. herzensteini, but differs from both in cephalic sensory-canal pattern and the structure of the gas bladder; from T. labiata in the structure of the pelvic girdle and absence or presence of the fourth basibranchial; and from T. herzensteini in the shape of the anal fin.
Three new species of Artotrogidae (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida) from the southeastern coast of Pernambuco State, Brazil
Authors: NEVES ELIZABETH , JOHNSSON RODRIGO
Published: June 2019

Three new copepod species, Bradypontius ancistronus sp. nov., Cryptopontius aesthetascus sp. nov. and Cryptopontius expletus sp. nov., of the siphonostomatoid family Artotrogidae are described based on specimens from sponge and algal hosts collected along the Brazilian coast. These findings represent the first records of artotrogid copepods from Brazil. Male Bradypontius ancistronus sp. nov. was found in association with sponges, and is characterized by having an unarmed P4 endopod that bears a distal hook-like projection on the third segment. Male Cryptopontius aesthetascus sp. nov., also recorded from sponges, differs from its congeners by a combination of characters that include a 12-segmented antennule, 2 setae on the inner lobe of the maxillule, 7 elements on the third exopodal segment of P1 and 9 elements on the third exopodal segment of P4. Female Cryptopontius expletus sp. nov. was recorded on algae, and can be distinguished from its congeners by having an 8-segmented antennule, 6 elements on the third endopodal segment of P1, 9 elements on the third exopodal segment of P4 and 3 setae on P5 exopod.
On the systematic position of Dino Loman and Toccolus Roewer (Opiliones, Laniatores, Epedanidae), with the description of a new species from western Java, Indonesia
Authors: KURY ADRIANO B.
Published: June 2019

A new species, Toccolus javanensis sp. nova, is described from a rainforest in Gunung Puncak, western Java, Indonesia. It is the fourth species of the genus, which was hitherto known only from continental SE Asia. It possesses a low ocularium and general body shape strongly resembling Dino weberi Loman from Sumatra. The relationships of Toccolus are discussed and the closely related genus Dino Loman is transferred from Podoctinae (Podoctidae) to Epedaninae (Epedanidae).
New species of flightless katydids from South Africa (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae)
Authors: NASKRECKI PIOTR , BAZELET CORINNA S. , SPEARMAN LAUREN A.
Published: June 2019

Four new species (Amyttacta marakelensis n. sp., A. farrelli n. sp., Paracilacris mordax n. sp., and P. periclitatus n. sp.) of South African Meconematinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) are described, and keys to genera Amyttacta and Paracilacris are provided.
Revision of the family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) XVII. Redescription of Diplobodes africanus Mahunka, 1987 from Kenia. Description of Diplobodes thailande sp. nov. from Thailand and Rwandabodes kayoveae gen. nov., sp. nov. from Rwanda
Authors: FERNANDEZ NESTOR , THERON PIETER , LEIVA SERGIO , JORDAAN ANINE
Published: June 2019

Diplobodes africanus Mahunka, 1987, is redescribed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in order to complement optical microscopy. Diplobodes thailande sp. nov. from Thailand is described. For both species we include inclined views, to permit detailed analysis of ventral regions and to aid understanding of the complex relationships between elevated and depressed zones. Diplobodes thailande sp. nov. presents previously undescribed structures on legs III, which are involved in the leg folding process. Rwandabodes kayoveae gen. nov., sp. nov. presents a series of particular characteristics, such as: elevated interlamellar process on prodorsum, composed of a triangular structure, externally delimited by a low lamellar furrow; in setae inserted on elevated interlamellar process; large free lamellar tip; notogaster lacking ridges; anterior genital furrow extends into an oblique lateral depression; depressed area anterior to anal zone; both zones clearly delimited. These characteristics permit easy differentiation from related genera.
SEA-POL Goes to Sea
Authors: Rutledge Steven A. , Chandrasekar V. , Fuchs Brody , George Jim , Junyent Francesc , Dolan Brenda , Kennedy Patrick C. , Drushka Kyla
Published: June 2019

A new, advanced radar has been developed at Colorado State University (CSU). The Sea-Going Polarimetric (SEA-POL) radar is a C-band, polarimetric Doppler radar specifically designed to deploy on research ships. SEA-POL is the first such weather radar developed in the United States. Ship-based weather radars have a long history, dating back to GATE in 1974. The GATE radars measured only reflectivity. After GATE, ship radars also provided Doppler measurements. SEA-POL represents the next advancement by adding dual-polarization technology, the ability to transmit and receive both horizontal and vertical polarizations. This configuration provides information about hydrometeor size, shape, and phase. As a result, superior rain-rate estimates are afforded by the dual-polarization technology, along with hydrometeor identification and overall improved data quality. SEA-POL made its first deployment as part of the Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study, second field phase (SPURS-2) fall 2017 cruise to the eastern tropical Pacific, sailing on the R/V Roger Revelle. SPURS-2 was a field project to investigate the fate of freshwater deposited on the ocean’s surface. Oceanographers are keenly interested in how fast these freshwater patches mix out by wind and upper-ocean turbulence, as the less dense rainfall sitting atop the salty ocean inhibits mixing through increased stability. To this end, during SPURS-2, SEA-POL produced rain maps identifying the location of freshwater lenses on the ocean’s surface thereby providing context for measurements of SST and salinity. Examples of SEA-POL polarization measurements are also discussed to assess microphysical processes within oceanic convection. Future ocean-based field campaigns will now benefit from SEA-POL’s advanced dual-polarization technology.
Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention on the School Performance of Students with Emotional or Behavioral Disorders and Anxiety
Authors: Schoenfeld Naomi A. , Mathur Sarup R.
Published: June 2019

Despite widespread treatment success in clinical settings, anxiety disorders are rarely targeted for intervention in students with emotional or behavioral disorders (EBD) who exhibit them. This study examined the effects of a school-based anxiety intervention on the performance of 3 students attending school in a self-contained EBD setting. Using a single-subject, multiple-baseline design across students, this study examined changes in anxiety, maladaptive behavior, and academic engagement as functions of participation in the cognitive-behavioral anxiety intervention, FRIENDS for Life. All 3 participants showed improvement across all measures. Implications for the implementation of a school-based intervention for EBD students who experience high degrees of anxiety, as well as study limitations and directions for future research, are discussed.
Self-Regulated Strategies Development for Persuasive Writing in Tandem with Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Support: Effects for Second-Grade Students with Behavioral and Writing Difficulties
Authors: Little M. Annette , Lane Kathleen Lynne , Harris Karen R. , Graham Steve , Story Mary , Sandmel Karin
Published: June 2019

The present study replicates and extends previous research regarding the effects of self-regulated strategy development (SRSD) within a schoolwide positive behavior support model among students with writing difficulties who also had either internalizing or externalizing behavior patterns. Two multiple-probe designs, involving 13 second-grade students, are reported. Students with internalizing behaviors (5 girls, 1 boy) and those with externalizing behaviors (1 girl and 6 boys) learned how to plan and write persuasive essays using the SRSD model of instruction. Lasting increases in persuasive essay elements as well as improvements in length and quality of writing were found across both groups of students. Both rating scales and interviews indicated high social validity among classroom teachers and students. Limitations and directions for future research are presented.
The anthropologist’s last bow: Ontology and mysticism in pursuit of the sacred
Authors: Baldacchino Jean-Paul
Published: June 2019

The religious beliefs and experiences of others have long been grist to the anthropological mill. In much anthropological scholarship however there is a resolute silence on the anthropologists’ own relationship to the domain of the ‘spirit’. Recent scholarship in the anthropology of religion has been highly critical of the Christian underpinnings of much of what is ostensibly secular anthropology (as in the works of Evans-Pritchard, Mary Douglas and Victor Turner among others). The commitment to a religious belief, if not simply a religious upbringing, was seen to be a ‘polluting’ influence to the proper study of the religion of others in their own terms. In turn scholars adopting a genealogical approach have shown how the very discipline of a secular anthropology of religion is itself the product of a highly Christian intellectual legacy. In his later years, anthropologist, friend and mentor Joel Kahn turned his attention precisely to the study of the pursuit of the sacred in a secular age. Starting from what he describes as his own ‘ontological crisis’ as a secular American Jew Kahn looks to the Western encounter with Asian religion to set out the domain of what he calls ‘gnostic scholarship’ that looks to the religion of others not as a cultural artefact but as, ultimately, a source of radical subjective displacement. In the spirit and memory of Joel Kahn this paper discusses the anthropological encounter with the sacred not as an object of knowledge about ‘cultures’ but as a source of gnosis. Expanding on the implications of Joel's work for an anthropology of religion this work draws upon the author's fieldwork among Catholic devotees of Padre Pio to propose a form of embodied surrender as a pre-requisite for an intersubjective engagement with the ontologically other worlds of our informants.
Benefits and Pitfalls of Deregulating Taxi Markets: Can Contrasted Case Studies Help Inform the Debate?
Authors: Boutueil Virginie , Quillerier Thomas , Voskoboynikova Anna
Published: June 2019

Taxi and for-hire markets have traditionally been heavily regulated and public policymakers have been quite imaginative in regulating these markets, discriminating among market segments (hail, rank, and pre-booked), using different types of instruments (quantitative, qualitative, economic), and targeting different subjects (company, driver, vehicle). Cities and countries have experimented with the deregulation of taxi and for-hire services since the 1970s, aiming at raising the efficiency and competition in the service supply, lowering the prices, or both. Analyses of deregulated markets have often focused on the broad effects of deregulation at national level and paid limited attention to comparisons between regulated and deregulated markets. This paper discusses the effects of taxi deregulation in Stockholm (in relation to market size and structure, as well as pricing of services) in light of two contrasted case studies of regulated taxi markets in Helsinki (Finland) and Lyon (France). Original findings include observations as to some counterintuitive effects of deregulation, including high prices in both absolute (i.e., for the local context) and relative terms (i.e., compared with other cities).
Methodologies to assess biodegradation of bioplastics during aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion: A review
Authors: Ruggero Federica , Gori Riccardo , Lubello Claudio
Published: June 2019

Bioplastics are emerging on the market as sustainable materials which rise to the challenge to improve the lifecycle of plastics from the perspective of the circular economy. The article aims at providing a critical insight of research studies carried out in the last 20 years on the degradation of bioplastics under aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion conditions. It mainly focuses on the various and different methodologies which have been proposed and developed to monitor the process of biodegradation of several bioplastic materials: CO2 and CH4 measurements, mass loss and disintegration degree, spectroscopy, visual analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, across the wide range of studies, the process conditions of the experimental setup, such as temperature, test duration and waste composition, often vary from author to author and in accordance with the international standard followed for the test. The different approaches, in terms of process conditions and monitoring methodologies, are pointed out in the review and highlighted to find significant correlations between the results obtained and the experimental procedures. These observed correlations allow critical considerations to be reached about the efficiency of the methodologies and the influence of the main abiotic factors on the process of biodegradation of bioplastics.
Dynamiques d’activation, de partage et d’accumulation des connaissances au sein des communautés autonomes de consommateurs en ligne, aux niveaux individuel et collectif
Authors: Demangeot Catherine , Sankaran Kizhekepat , Tagg Stephen
Published: June 2019

Résumé

Facilitant le partage des connaissances latentes des consommateurs, les communautés autonomes de consommateurs en ligne constituent des communautés de pratique de consommation. S’inspirant des études sur la gestion des connaissances, cet article étudie les dynamiques d’activation et d’accumulation des connaissances des consommateurs au sein des communautés en ligne dans le cadre naturel d’un forum en ligne. Cette étude netnographique identifie différents modèles d’activation des connaissances, en donnant un aperçu du type de connaissances des consommateurs qui émerge au sein des communautés en ligne autonomes. Différentes caractéristiques des communautés en ligne, et notamment la présence éventuelle de connaissances rares, la diversité des points de vue ou la valeur ajoutée d’opinions similaires, sont exploitées afin de produire différents types de connaissances collectives. Cette étude contribue à la littérature sur les communautés en ligne en décomposant les dynamiques de partage et d’accumulation des connaissances dans les communautés autonomes, qui agissent comme des communautés de pratique de consommation et participent au renforcement du pouvoir des consommateurs en développant des connaissances collectives à partir d’activations individuelles. Elle contribue à la littérature consacrée aux connaissances des consommateurs en caractérisant l’activation et l’accumulation des connaissances, tant au niveau individuel que collectif.
Association of Neighborhood Social Capital With Quality of Life Among Older People in Singapore
Authors: Lane Anna P. , Wong Chek Hooi , Močnik Špela , Song Siqi , Yuen Belinda
Published: June 2019

Objective: To examine how neighborhood-based cognitive and structural social capital are associated with individual quality of life among a sample of community-dwelling older adults in Singapore. Method: Using survey data from 981 older adults (aged 55 years and above) in nine residential neighborhoods, multilevel models simultaneously estimated the effects of independent variables at the individual and neighborhood levels on quality of life (CASP-12). Results: Social cohesion (β = 1.39, p < .01) and associational membership (β = 19.16, p < .01) were associated with higher quality of life in models adjusted for neighborhood facilities and individual sociodemographics, social networks, functional limitations, global cognitive status, and medical conditions. Discussion: The results suggest that place-based or neighborhood social capital may be important for older person’s well-being. It identifies the contribution of structural (associational membership) and cognitive (social cohesion) social capital to the well-being of community-dwelling older adults in Singapore.
Simulation of anisotropic crack tip deformation processes and particle interactions in toughened polymers
Authors: Nygren Garrett , Karkkainen Ryan L
Published: June 2019

This study develops a finite element-based simulation of submicrometer crack tip deformation processes in polymers to investigate local toughening effects. An initial study of how these processes interact with stiff inclusions is presented to enable further investigation of particulate toughening. Crack tip and process zone mechanisms, including polymer chain disentanglement, directional chain realignment with consequent anisotropy, and crack propagation, are considered in a dedicated user-defined material law. Such processes are generally homogenized on higher scale continuum levels analyses, but direct simulation can provide insight into toughening mechanisms that have been widely observed but not fully explained. The user material law herein was employed in a parametric study to investigate the relative importance of (1) the extent of local inelastic polymer chain realignment and (2) consequent anisotropic hardening of the realigned polymer chains. In order to explore the interaction of fracture processes with nanometer-scale inclusions, silica particles with varied spacing were also included in the simulations. The interaction between local stress concentration and energy dissipation mechanisms has been quantified. It is shown that in neat polymers, local yielding is the dominant toughening effect accounting for over 90% of the local energy absorption, whereas local stiffening alone would decrease toughness. Stiff inclusions were shown to generally decrease toughness, except in cases where local yielding greatly outweighs local stiffening effects. Roughly 45% increase in toughness was shown for a 250-nm particle spacing that balances the acceleration of elastic failure with the formation of a larger local yield zone size. This demonstrates the utility of employing dedicated material laws to microstructural scale analyses in providing design targets in material design.
Facilitating High-Quality Relationships for Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders in Crisis
Authors: Van Loan Christopher L. , Garwood Justin D.
Published: June 2019

Teaching students who exhibit emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) can be challenging and requires conscious and insightful strategies to be aware of how teachers interact with their students. An emphasis on high-quality relationships between teachers and students can ameliorate some of the challenges in teaching students with EBD, resulting in a more enjoyable experience for both parties. In the column, the utility of relationship-building as a preventive measure to help decrease the occurrence of crisis behaviors is discussed. Strategies before, during, and after crisis to assist in facilitating high-quality relationships are presented.
Politics, Governance, and Leadership: What Can We Learn From the Academy of Management’s Response to EO13769?
Authors: Davis Gerald F. , Anteby Michel , Briscoe Forrest S. , Jennings P. Devereaux , Karim Samina , Kaul Aseem , Lazzarini Sergio , Özkazanç-Pan Banu , Donnelly Paul , Rasche Andreas , Tsui Anne S. , Wright Thomas A. , Zenger Todd R.
Published: June 2019

Organization design seeks to balance potentially conflicting objectives while achieving a broader mission. EO13769 created a challenge for the president of the Academy of Management in leading through these conflicts, as President Anita McGahan describes: how to be true to her own moral values while leading an organization with well-established design constraints, and members with diverse opinions. This article shares the perspectives of 12 scholars on the lessons we can learn from Professor McGahan’s leadership of a constraining organization through a challenging time.