bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Nickel Oxide Additive on the Properties of Sol-Gel Prepared Aluminum Borate Whisker
Authors: Thenmuhil Deivarajan , Vignaswaran K.V. , Manisha Vidyavathy S.
Published: July 2014

Whiskers usually have strength equal to that of a perfect crystal. They have been found very useful as reinforcement for metal matrix composites. They enhance mechanical properties, thermal stability, wear resistance, and also make them as light weighted ones. Aluminum borate (9Al2O3.2B2O3) is an effective replacement to silicon carbide whiskers in its use as reinforcement in aluminum metal owing to its high tensile strength, oxidation resistance, chemical stability and wear resistance. In this work, aluminum borate whisker preparation is carried out by sol-gel process using aluminum nitrate and boric acid. The prepared whiskers are then characterized for its morphological and phase properties by SEM and XRD respectively. The study shows that 3% NiO added sample fired at 1100oC with 2 hours soaking had better aspect ratio and productivity.
On the Relationship of Ni Volume Fraction in Polymer Matrix Composite to its Impact Property
Authors: Solomon Raja R. , Channankaiah Channankaiah
Published: July 2014

Nickel as a ferromagnetic material has better damping characteristics and as a result, it can absorb more acoustic energy. Compared to existing ferromagnetic shape memory alloy, nickel is cheaper and might have similar damping characteristics. It has better corrosion resistant and heat resistant than other metals. In this study polymer matrix composite consisting polyester with metal (Nickel) particle reinforcement is considered. Polymer matrix is reinforced with the Nickel particle to improve its mechanical and damping properties. Different volume fraction of matrix and reinforcement are taken into consideration. Change in mechanical properties as a function of variable reinforcement has been analyzed in detail. Acoustic energy absorption of composite will be analyzed in the future.
Impact Behaviour Analysis of Sisal/Jute and Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites
Authors: Ramesh M. , Palanikumar K. , Reddy K. Hemachandra
Published: July 2014

The fibers from naturally available resources are considered to have potential alternate reinforcing agent in polymer matrix composite materials due to their properties such as high strength, stiffness, degradable in nature and renewable in nature. In this study a lightweight, low cost and environment friendly hybrid composites are prepared by using sisal-jute-glass fibers as the reinforcement materials. There are three types of composites such as sisal/glass fiber reinforced polymer (SGFRP) composites, jute/glass fiber reinforced polymer (JGFRP) composites and sisal/jute/glass fiber reinforced polymer (SJGFRP) composites are prepared by hand lay-up process and underwent to charpy impact test in order to study their impact properties. Post impact induced damage, material failure mechanism, matrix cracking, fiber breakage and pullout was observed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results showed that the energy absorption and load carrying capacity of JGFRP composites are better and able to withstand higher loads than SGFRP composites and SJGFRP composites. It is further observed from the experiment, the inclusion of sisal and jute fibers with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites has gained good impact properties. It is suggested that these light weight sisal and jute fibers have been used as an alternative reinforcing material to synthetic fiber for medium load applications.
Synthesis and Mechanical Characterization of Sisal-Epoxy and Hybrid-Epoxy Composites in Comparison with Conventional Fiber Glass-Epoxy Composite
Authors: Hari Ram K. , Edwin Raj R.
Published: July 2014

Polymer composites reinforced with natural fibers have been developed in recent years, showing significant potential for various engineering applications due to their inherent sustainability, low cost, light weight and comparable mechanical strength. Sisal is a natural fiber extracted from leaves of Agave Sisalana plants and substituted for natural glass fiber. Six different combinations of specimens were prepared with sisal, sisal-glass and glass fibers with epoxy as matrix at two different fiber orientation of 0-90° and ±45°. Mechanical characterization such as tensile, flexural and impact testing were done to analyze their mechanical strength. It is found that the hybrid composite sisal-glass-epoxy has better and comparable mechanical properties with conventional glass-epoxy composite and thus provides a viable, sustainable alternate polymer composite.
Optimization of Casting Parameters on Al/RHA Composite Using Taguchi Method
Authors: Saravanan S.D. , Kumar S. Sendhil
Published: July 2014

In the present work, Taguchi method was employed to optimize tensile strength and hardness of the stir casted Al/RHA composite. The composites were prepared by varying stir casting parameters like stirring time (6, 9, 12 min), stirring speed (100,200,300 r.pm), and weight percentage of RHA reinforcement (6, 9, 12 %). All the experiments were conducted based on plan of experiments (L9 Orthogonal array) generated through Taguchi Technique. The individual influence of each process parameters on the hardness and tensile strength was determined by using analysis of variance. The result implies that the wt. % of RHA reinforcement was found to be a highly influenced parameter followed by stirring time and stirring speed. Finally, confirmation test was done to verify predictive model with the experimental results.
Experimental Investigation on Effect of High Pressure Coolant with Various Cutting Speed and Feed on Surface Roughness in Cylindrical Turning of AISI 1060 Steel Using Carbide Insert
Authors: Subha Shree M. , Ganesa Velan M. Vijaya , Padmakumar M.
Published: July 2014

Providing sufficient provisions to transfer heat from the work-tool interface is a key to improve tool life and surface integrity. With the conventional flood cooling system where the coolant is directed towards the work-tool interface at very low pressure, there are possibilities for the coolant to get heated up and produce vapors which in turn insulates the cutting zone from the coolant. This reduces the purpose of coolant. Supplying coolant at very high pressure and very high velocity may provide the best control to reduce cutting temperature and tool wear and correspondingly increases tool life. This paper deals with an experimental investigation on the effect of high pressure coolant on surface finish in cylindrical turning of AISI 1060 Steel using tungsten carbide turning insert. Surface Roughness values are captured with different cutting speed and feed rates with high pressure and low pressure coolant supply. It is observed that there was a considerable improvement in surface finish with the use of high-pressure coolant (HPC) under various cutting speed and feed rate.
Material Characterization Study on Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites by Enhanced Stir Casting Method
Authors: Jegan T.M. Chenthil , Ravindran D. , Anand M. Dev
Published: July 2014

Metal Matrix Composites possesses high mechanical properties compared to unreinforced materials. Aluminium Matrix Composites (AMC) is attracted in the emerging world because of its low cost, less weight and enhanced mechanical properties. In the present study the enhancement in mechanical properties like hardness and tensile strength of AMCs by reinforcing AA 6061 matrix with silicon carbide (SiC) and boron carbide (B4C) particles are analyzed. By enhanced stir casting method aluminium matrix was reinforced with boron carbide particulates and silicon carbide particulates with the various weight percentage of 2.5 %,5% and 7.5%.The tensile strength and hardness was found to increase with the increase in wt% of the reinforcement. From the analysis it is observed that the mechanical property of B4C reinforced AMC is significantly good compared to SiC reinforced AMC.
Influence of Squeeze Pressure on the Mechanical Properties of Squeeze Cast Aluminium Alloy AA6061
Authors: Azhagan M. Thirumal , Mohan B. , Rajadurai A. , Maharajan S.
Published: July 2014

Squeeze casting is a hybrid metal processing technique that combines the advantages of both casting and forging in one operation. The automotive and aerospace sectors are behind the development of squeeze casting process as the squeeze cast components exhibit improved mechanical properties. The Aluminium alloy 6061 is a futuristic material that is widely used to produce automotive and aerospace components. In this attempt, cylindrical components of AA6061 were produced by varying the squeeze pressure at certain levels when the die preheat temperature and the pressure applied duration were maintained at constant levels. The specimens were made from the components as per ASTM standards and they were tested for mechanical properties such as impact strength and micro hardness respectively. It was found that the mechanical properties were enhanced with the increase in squeeze pressure.
Hydrotropic Extraction of Xanthones from Mangosteen Pericarp
Authors: Prakash D. Gnana , Panneerselvam Pradeep , Madhusudanan Sai , Aditya V.
Published: July 2014

A novel separation process for extraction of xanthones from mangosteen pericarp was investigated using aqueous hydrotrope solution. The hydrotropes sodium salicylate was used for the extraction. The effects of factors such as hydrotrope concentration, extraction temperature and solid loading were investigated by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions to obtain the highest yield of xanthones were 2M sodium salicylate, extraction temperature of 40°C and 3% solid loading. This hydrotropic extraction technique is simple and cost effective for the separation of bioactive compounds.Key words: Xanthones; Hydrotropes; Hydrotropic extraction
RETRACTED: Workability Behavior of Aluminium Hybrid Composites (P/M)
Authors: Shantharaman P.P. , Prabhakar M.
Published: July 2014

Workability is a degree of the amount of deformation that a powder metallurgy bits and pieces can survive prior to fracture occurred in the forming or upsetting processes. Ductile fracture is the most general mode of breakdown in bulk forming process. The formability is a complicated happening, dependent upon the method as well as the material parameters. An investigational research work was performed for the kind of the working behavior of Al–SiC-Y2O3 hybrid composite under triaxial stress state circumstance. Upsetting of Al–SiC-Y2O3 powder metallurgy compacts with various aspect ratios and initial preform densities were carried out and the working behavior of the powder compacts at various state conditions was computed. In the powder metallurgy technique cold pressing can be used for compaction of the reinforcement of SiC and Y2O3 with Aluminum hybrid composites (Al+SiC+Y2O3). The bottle green compacts can be sintered and workability characteristics can be studied. In the hybrid composites, SiC content has been different from 0% to 20% with different particle sizes namely 60 and 80μm. Y2O3 nanoparticles of size 30-50nm and reinforced with 1wt% , 2wt% and 3wt%. The experimental Results can be analyzed for workability and frictional stress state conditions during upsetting as a role of relative density. The formability stress index values obtained for various addition of SiC and Y2O3.
The Finite Element Method: A Tool to Evaluate Shear Bond Strength of Dental Bracket
Authors: Hiremath Vijaykumar , Bidarimath Girija , Endigeri Basavaraj
Published: July 2014

In this paper finite element model of steel dental bracket is generated along with bonding agent, enamel & stress analysis is carried out on the bracket for different loading conditions. Three dimensional finite element model developed are constrained with boundary condition that resembles to the reality. The Vonmisses stress is recorded for each loading conditions and compared with experimental results. The experimental work for 60 samples were carried out on Universal testing machine at material testing laboratory, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot. It is found from FEM results that the shear bonding strength for different loadings from 60 N to 80 N varies from 7.276 N/mm2 to 9.7N/mm2, which are closer to experimental values with acceptable error. The study reveals that Finite Element Method can be used as a strong tool to analyze the dental bracket and study different parameters to improve its performance and to avoid time and cost required for experimentation.
Analysis of Polyurethane Filled Solid Tire
Authors: Nandhu S. , Jayan Ajai K. , Ahmed J. Shaheen , Manikandan V.C. , Kumar V. Suresh
Published: July 2014

In this project we study and analyze polyurethane filled solid tire for industrial purpose. The tire plays a significant role in the performance of a vehicle. We studied about the solid tire developed recently for the material handling vehicle. With better specifications and removing all the drawbacks of the solid tires we developed polyurethane filled solid tire. The various data used for developing the tire design are mentioned by the industry as per their requirements. The various methods of fabrication and performance testing are included in this project. It also deals with situation were the tire failure occurs and is designed taking into consideration of those factors. The design is carefully made meeting the demands of the application.
Performance of PVD Coated on High Speed Steel Cutting Tool in Industrial Applications
Authors: Malarvannan R. Ravi Raja , Moorthy T.V. , Shunmuga Priyan M
Published: July 2014

An experimental investigation of mechanical properties of TiN and AlCrN Coated cutting tools have been performed at room Temperature. HSS single point cutting tool is taken as substrate material. Aluminium chromium nitride (AlCrN) and Titanium Nitride (TiN) is applied by physical vapour deposition method. Vaporized and condensed form of the desired film material on to various work piece surface is generally known as Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD). The finished product’s surface finish is increased by the coated tool and hence it reduces the cost of quality control process in industry. In uncoated HSS tool, the tool frequently requires replacement or reconditioning, which is not required for TiN and AlCrN Coated cutting tool and hence it reduces the cost for replacements .In PVD coating, the tool life is increased about 7.5 times compared to the uncoated cutting tool. For the factor of cost analysis, the cost required for making an AlCrN coated cutting tool is drastically reduced and increased life of tool also reduces the cost to procure a new tool or replacing an old one.
Worn Surface Analysis of Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite
Authors: Umanath K. , Selvamani S.T. , Palanikumar K. , Dinesh Ram G.
Published: July 2014

Metal to the metal wear analysis of Aluminium (Al6061grade) alloy, dis-continuously reinforced with ceramic particles of SiC and Al2O3 deliver this paper. The Al matrix with 5 to 25% of vol. Fractions of SiC and Al2O3 particulate reinforcements were formed in Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite (HMMC) by stirring casting technology. They are finding applications in automotive, aeronautical and sport goods. For the proper use of these composites, its mechanical properties and wear properties are to be evaluated. The dry sliding behavior of these SiC and Al2O3 particulates HMMCs and that of Al alloy at atmosphere was analyzed with a pin on disc type wear testing machine. The result indicates that, the scanning electron micrographs of the worn surfaces of the hybrid composites show the worn surface of the composite alloy is rougher than the unreinforced Al6061alloy.
Evaluation of Corrosion Behaviour for Aluminium Alloy 7075 in 5% NaCl Solution under Slightly Varying Temperature
Authors: Abraham D.S. Manoj , Kanagasabapathy H. , John Richu , Yasar Muthu , Paul Shobin
Published: July 2014

The main focus of this work is to study and evaluate the corrosion behavior of aluminium alloy 7075 under slightly varying temperature conditions. The corrosion behavior was found out using the Salt Mist test. Aluminium alloy 7075 possesses better corrosion resistance, so it is important to foresee the corrosion behavior of this alloy for varied applications. The Corrosion Penetration Rate was evaluated for the small temperature changes and the results show that the penetration rate increases as temperature increases gradually along with the time for which the specimens are tested. The final result is that aluminium alloy 7075 follows logarithmic law of corrosion at low temperatures.
Mathematical Modeling of Friction Plug Welding with Preheating Effect
Authors: Hynes N. Rajesh Jesudoss , Nagaraj P. , Kumar P. Thanga
Published: July 2014

Friction plug welding, a recent variation of friction welding is a process of joining of two similar or dissimilar materials. The joint efficiency can be enhanced by applying external heat source or pre-heating at the work piece surfaces. Heat flux generation at intermediate surface is computed due to friction between the materials considering the co-efficient of friction. The land width is varied by varying the diameter of the plug to find its effect on the temperature profile. Analytical modeling is carried out with and without the effect of pre-heating. Temperature distribution in the work piece was calculated for different plug diameter with different values of pre-heating temperature ranging from 300oC-600oC. It is observed that while decreasing the land width there is a linear fall in temperature profile. With preheating, higher peak temperature is achieved at less friction time. High quality weld could be achieved with less processing time.
Developing a Mathematical Model to Predict Tensile Properties of Friction Welded AISI 1035 Grade Steel Rods
Authors: Selvamani S.T. , Umanath K. , Palanikumar K. , Vigneswar K.
Published: July 2014

In this work, frictions welding of AISI 1035 grade steel rods of 12 mm diameter were investigated with an aim to predict the value of tensile properties. Welds made with various process parameter combinations were subjected to tensile tests. Here, the three factors, five levels, central composite, rotatable design matrix are worn to limit the number of experiments. The mathematical models were developed by response surface method (RSM). The adequacies of the models were checked through ANOVA technique. From developed mathematical models, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the joints can be predicted by means of 95 percent confidence level. The integrity of the joints has been investigated using optical microscope.
Influence of Process Parameters on Limiting Drawing Ratio of IS513 CR3 Grade Steel Sheet during Warm Deep Drawing
Authors: Mayavan T. , Karthikeyan Loganathan
Published: July 2014

In this work the significance of important parameters such as Blank temperature, Blank hold force on limiting drawing ratio (LDR) of IS513 CR3 steel sheets during warm deep drawing was determined. Influence of these parameters was analyzed at three different forming speeds. Experimental results proved that the blank temperature has a higher influence on LDR compared with other parameters especially at low forming speed.
Behaviour and Strength of Innovative Steel Concrete Columns with SCC
Authors: Balasubramani Natesan , Thenmozhi R.
Published: July 2014

In this paper, totally 7 innovative steel concrete composite columns were investigated for axial load and reported. 6 of them were modified DSHCFT columns consisting only outer skin tube and butting concrete and the remaining one was Double Skinned Hollow Concrete Filled steel Tubular columns having outer and inner steel tube (DSHCFT), which was annularly in-filled with Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC). The concrete grade and yield strength of steel tubes used were respectively M35 and 250MPa. The ratios of outer tube diameter to its thickness were 34 to 36. The length to outer diameter (aspect ratio) and the hollowness ratio were from 2.4 to 4.5 and from 0.35 to 0.5 respectively. Mechanical behaviour in term of stiffness, confinement, ultimate strength and ductility were discussed. Load Vs mid-span deflection diagrams, failure patterns of the specimens are presented. The existence of composite action between steel and concrete and confinement of concrete were experimentally evidenced. Suitability of two existing design codes is verified. For the design of the modified DSHCFT Stub columns with SCC and DSHCFTs, a possible simplified formula is suggested.Keywords: Failure mode, Stiffness, ductility, confinement, Ultimate load, Simplified formula.
Flexural Behavior of Beams Incorporating GGBS as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Concrete
Authors: Brightson P. , Premanand M. , Ravikumar M.S.
Published: July 2014

Ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) is obtained as waste product from the Iron industries, Ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS or GGBFS) is obtained by quenching molten iron slag (a by-product of iron and steel-making) from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder. Investigations were carried out to explore the possibility of using GGBS as a replacement of sand in concrete mixtures. This paper presents the results of study undertaken to investigate the feasibility of using GGBS as fine aggregate in concrete. The effects of replacing fine aggregates by GGBS on the compressive strength of cubes, split tensile strength of cylinders and flexural strength of beams are evaluated in this study. Five test groups were constituted with the replacement percentages of 0%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% .The results showed the effect of GGBS on RCC concrete elements has a considerable amount of increase in the compressive, split tensile and flexural strength characteristics. Leaching studies revealed that GGBS does not leach heavy metals like Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, Mo etc and also indicates that the leaching of heavy metals was well below the toxicity limits even under aggressive conditions.
Interface Friction between Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer and Gravel Soil
Authors: Vineetha V. Jeyanthi , Ganesan K.
Published: July 2014

In soil-structure interaction problems, the frictional resistance between soil and structure is very important to have an appropriate system analysis. It includes retaining walls, deep foundations, soil samplers, soil and geo-membrane interface strength, and the stability of mechanically stabilized structures. Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) is a synthetic material and can be effectively used for strengthening of soils and substructures, and hence it is important to study the interface friction between these FRP sheets with soil. This study will provide some insight knowledge regarding the interfacial friction between gravel soil with glass fibre reinforced polymer. It will be beneficial to the researchers and practicing engineers working in soil-structure interaction problems. The parameters varied in this investigation are surface roughness, orientation of fibre and normal stress (0.05 N/mm2 to 0.20 N/mm2). Experimental results show that surface roughness of specimens and fibre orientation was significantly changes the interface friction angle. Shear strength at the interface increases with increase in normal stress and surface roughness.
Key words: Direct shear test, gravel soil, internal friction angle, interface friction angle, GFRP.
A Study on the Die-Sinking Micro-Electrical Discharge Machining of EN-24 Die Steel Using Various Electrode Materials
Authors: Kadirvel A. , Hariharan P. , Mudhukrishnan M.
Published: July 2014

Micro-EDM is an extensively used machining process for the fabrication of micro-holes with various advantages resulting from its characteristics of non-contact and thermal process. In this micro-fabrication technique, processing parameters greatly affect processing efficiency and stability. An experimental investigation on die-sinking Micro-EDM of EN-24 die steel using various electrodes such as tungsten, copper, copper tungsten and silver tungsten has been carried out. The present study aims to assess the quality and accuracy of the produced micro-holes, machining stability, material removal rate (MRR), tool wear ratio (TWR), surface roughness (Ra), Heat affected zone (HAZ) and overcut (OC). In addition, the influence of gap voltage, capacitance and discharge energy on the performance of the process has also been investigated. Experimental results proved that the overall performance of the copper electrode is found to be optimum with high MRR, thin HAZ though copper shows higher TWR, surface roughness and overcut.
Effect of Compression Ratio on Diesel Engine Performance and Emission Fueled with Tamanu Oil Methyl Ester and its Blends
Authors: Miraculas G. Antony , Bose N.
Published: July 2014

Biofuels are renewable, nontoxic and ecofriendly fuels that can play an important role in automobile industries. They can successfully replace diesel fuel and helps in decreasing the import of crude oil. The discarded seed of CalophyllunInophyllum which are planted in India mainly to prevent soil erosion is considered as the possible source for extracting biodiesel. The tamanu oil extracted had a fatty acid value of 48 mg KOH/g, therefore a two stage esterification processes with acid and base catalyst were used for converting it into biodiesel. The fuel was then tested for properties such as viscosity, calorific value and carbon residue using standard test procedures and found to be analogous with diesel, which makes it possible to use this alternate fuel in the existing engine without any modification. A single cylinder, four stroke, constant speed, variable compression ratio, direct injection diesel engine developing 5KW power with provision for computerized data acquisition is used to evaluate the performance and emission characteristics. The test results were analyzed for biodiesel and its blends in comparison with standard diesel at different compression ratios (16:1, 18:1, 20:1 & 22:1). The performance and emission results of the diesel engine revealed that biodiesel can be blended with diesel up to 40% at an optimum CR of 20, in order to get improved performance and reduced emission.
Experimental Evaluation of Performance and Emissions of CI Engine Using Cottonseed Biodiesel with N-Butonal as a Additive
Authors: Kumar J. Kanna , Mallikarjuna Reddy P. , Reddy K. Hemachandra
Published: July 2014

The present work concerns with the evaluation of performance and emissions characteristics of CI engine using cottonseed based biodiesel (B20) with fuel additive N-butonal at different concentration levels. In the experimental work it was observed that addition of N-butonal as additive improved the performance of CI engine and reduced the emission levels of NOx, CO, HC. Tests were also conducted the effect of inlet air preheating and results shows the significant improvement in the engine performance and reduction in the emission levels. Better performance and emission levels observed when the engine runs at air inlet temperature of 60°C
Performance Characteristics of Variable Compression Ratio Engine Using COME Biodiesel
Authors: Santhosh M. , Padmanaban K.P.
Published: July 2014

This research work investigates the effects of compression ratio on engine performance characteristics of variable compression ratio engine fuelled with biodiesel. The cottonseed oil methyl ester is blended with neat diesel and used as fuel at different compression ratios i.e., 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22. The analyses of engine performances characteristics were carried out for different proportions of cottonseed oil methyl ester blends (b25, b50, b75 and b100). It is inferred that at higher compression ratio, the brake thermal efficiency attained is higher when compared to compression ratio 18. The brake specific fuel consumption for the increment of compression ratio is found to be lower at all blend ratios. The higher brake thermal efficiency was found for b50 at CR 21. It is evident that the exhaust gas temperature reduced with the increment of CR.
Steam Fuel System in Ramjet Engine
Authors: Jacob S. , Chathhyan R. , Rajkumar M. , Balavino P. , Arikrishnan P.
Published: July 2014

Fuel consumption is more and major drawback in Ramjet. To minimize this problem, different techniques can be adopted. Paper deals with one such technique viz. Steam fuel system. To increase density of fuel this system has greater influence to decrease the fuel consumption at the same time thrust can be enhanced up to a large extend. Paper deals with comparison of fuel consumed in a simple Ramjet and Ramjet with steam fuel system. The experiments are carried out in a simple Ramjet and the corresponding pressure, temperature, velocity reading will be taken to calculate thrust. Similarly the experiments were conducted in Ramjet with steam fuel system and corresponding readings of pressure, temperature, velocity reading will be taken to calculate thrust. The result is expected to be increase in temperature and thrust compare to be simple ramjet.
Brake Pedal Feel Verification of the Energy Recovery System
Authors: Cai Jian Wei , Chu Liang , Fu Zi Cheng , Liu En Fen
Published: July 2014

Brake pedal feel is intuitive feelings for the driver and affected vehicle safety performance. Due to the participation of the motor, brake force distribution and the original pedal feel of the driver would be changed. Based on the traditional hydraulic unit of ESC, Jilin University developed a braking energy recovery system of uniaxial decoupled. A series of fixed partition coefficient control strategy was developed, coordinated control of electrical regenerative braking and hydraulic braking was carried out. Vehicle test was carried out for coordinated braking strategy, parallel strategy and traditional control strategy. Vehicle test results show that the brake pedal travel simulator and the coordinated braking strategy can improve the energy recovery, and ensure that the brake pedal feel is consistent with the traditional vehicle.
Design of Controller of Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor for Electric Vehicle
Authors: Jiao Hai Ning , Liu Xi Ping , Yang Jie
Published: July 2014

In view of the defects of the electric car driver motor technology, considering actual needs of the car running, relaxing the electrical power density and the limitation of the moment of inertia etc, focusing on the reliability, speed range and high efficient operation area of the motor, based on the analysis of permanent magnet brushless dc motor operation principle, this paper designed a low cost, high intelligent electric car permanent magnet brushless dc motor controller. Through the analysis, simulation, experiment and comparison, the results show that the control system has good dynamic response and steady state properties.
Design of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Servo System
Authors: He Hao , Liu Jiao Yu , Pan Xian Xi , Kan Li Min
Published: July 2014

. The objective of this work is to improve the control performance by redesigning the permanent magnet synchronous motor servo system .The vector control thought is used to control the permanent magnet synchronous motor. So it is easy to realize the torque current characteristic of linear. The design of the permanent magnet synchronous motor servo system is first proposed. The hardware and software designs are realized in this paper, and it is subsequently verified experimentally. Experimental results show that the DSP controller for the permanent magnet synchronous motor servo system has extensive applicability, high reliability and high performance price ratio.
Design of Shearer Electrical Control System Based on STM32
Authors: Wang Zhong Chu , Liu Jia Qi
Published: July 2014

This paper introduces a new type of electric traction shearer control device based on the STM32. This kind of device is constituted by three different function modules and some peripheral modules. The different modules are interconnected through RS-485 and CAN bus. According to this paper,we make a detailed description about the structure and hardware of the shearer electrical control system, and expound the characteristics of RS-485 and CAN network communication. This electric control system can highly improve the stability and safety of the shearer.
Research on Electric Power Control Technique for Stable Operation of DC Micro-Grid
Authors: Xu Xiao , Ma Xiao Chun , Zi Zhen Ning , Ben Bao Qiang , Li Hua , Wei Si Ming
Published: July 2014

Distributed generation (DG) into DC micro-grid can save a lot of converter equipments compared with AC micro-grid,.So,with the popularity of DG,DC micro-grid technology also has get great development.However,the key technology of DC micro-grid is not yet mature.This paper is based on shanghai DC micro-grid demonstration project of Sate Grid Smart Grid Research Institute.Firstly,we analysis the advantages and disadvantages of AC,DC and AC/DC hybrid micro-grid.Then, after comparison and analysis of DC micro-grid topology,we put forward system scheme and corresponding control strategy.The simulation results show that, the proposed control strategy is feasible,simple,real-time and effective.This design scheme is applicable for radiant topology and would provide guidance to the development direction of DC micro-grid project later.
Sensorless Control of High Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Modified Sliding-Mode Observer
Authors: Wang Xiao Dong , Liu Gang
Published: July 2014

In sensorless vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor, it is necessary to achieve an accurate estimate of the motor speed and position of the rotor. Traditional sliding mode observer algorithm has the inherent chattering problem which reduces accuracy. The Sigmoid function was used to replace the sign function in the traditional sliding mode observer as the switching control function to cancel the filter and phase compensation links. A new sliding mode observer was designed and its stability was proved. High-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor simulation and experimental results show: the new modified sliding mode observer based on Sigmoid function can eliminate the severe buffeting of the traditional sliding mode observer, achieve the accurate estimation of the rotor speed and position for high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor to complete a wide range of speed control; the correctness and feasibility of the sensorless control strategy based on this method is verified.
The Effect of Field Emission Characteristic on Partial Arc Caused by Pollutant and Water
Authors: Liu Dong Ming , Guo Fu Sheng , Sima Wen Xia
Published: July 2014

A flat plate model are employed to investigate the development mechanism of the initial electrons along the insulation surface in this paper, and the field emission properties of pollutant (NaCl) and water (H2O) adsorbed on the copper electrode are studied. The voltage when partial arc occurs is computed and a flat plate experiment is carried out to validate the computing results. Results indicate that pollutant and water have an important impact on the field emission, where pollutant is more significant than water. Meanwhile, the pollutant and water can increase the probability to form the partial arc.
SSP Podded Propulsion Motor Control Based on SR-CDKF
Authors: Yao Wen Long
Published: July 2014

In this paper,the rotor speed and the position of the SSP propulsion motor are estimated for building sensorless vector control system with speed and current double closed loops based on square root center difference Kalman filter (SR-CDKF) algorithm. This method makes use of the QR decomposition linear algebra techniques and so on, and it updates the matrix square-root of the state covariance by the Cholesky factor updating. This method can not only get the more steady results but also improve the estimation accuracy of the SSP podded propulsion system. Simulation result shows that the improved CDKF algorithm is not only more accurate but also has higher rate of convergence compared with CDKF speed controller.
Stator Resistance Identification and Simulation Analysis Based on Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Tian Qing , Zhu Jun Ling
Published: July 2014

To improve the speed sensorless speed control system’s performance, this paper analyzes the rotor flux and speed estimation principle based on MRAS. On this basis, a new online identification method of induction motor stator resistance based on fuzzy logic is proposed. This method takes rotor flux and stator current vector as input and the stator resistance changes as the output. In the simulation environment, we compare the speed waveforms after the increase of stator resistance identification and conduct simulation to the identification effect when doubling the original value of stator resistance suddenly. The experiments show that the method has simple structure, high reliability, low computational complexity and obvious ability to identify the stator resistance changes, and besides, it can significantly improve the speed control system performance.
A Smart PV Cooler Based on Solar Thermoelectric Generator with Phase Change Material
Authors: Zhang Qi , Agbossou Amen
Published: July 2014

This paper presents a typical application for a newly developed thermoelectric energy harvesting system. The proposed solar thermoelectric generator (TEG) operates with phase change material (PCM) day and night. An energy management system was connected with the TEG to increase the output voltage while the harvested power was used to drive a wireless transmitter. The wireless receiver controlled the switch of a water tap which functions as a smart cooler of a photovoltaic cell. This study demonstrates a way of using micro-energy to improve macro-energy production smartly.
Decoupling Control Strategy for Conergy Three-Level Three Phase Grid Converter
Authors: Shan Shi Min , Ou Wei Chi , Feng Ya
Published: July 2014

Conergy three-level NPC topology is often used in grid connected inverter due to its high efficiency, fewer switching devices and better EMI performance. Traditional half-bridge topology can be transformed to Conergy NPC topology by adding bi-direction switches. This paper proposed a novel control strategy for Conergy three-level NPC three phase grid converter with real and reactive power closed-loop controller in the synchronous d-q rotating frame. The power control loop is based on the feed forward decoupling of d-axis and q-axis components of the output current, thus the active and reactive power can be controlled separately. Additionally a proportional-integral controller is added to enhance the robustness of the power controller. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Research and Simulation on the Energy-Saving Control Model of Large-Scale Intelligent Electromechanical Device
Authors: Zhang Yun Long
Published: July 2014

In energy-saving control process of large-scale-scale intelligent electromechanical device, it is need to consume non-essential energy. To reduce energy consumption, energy-saving design method is proposed based on adaptive linear genetic algorithms. According to theory of adaptive particle swarm optimization, optimal particle is searched in the global domain, which provides basis for energy-saving control of large-scale-scale intelligent electromechanical device. According to adaptive linear genetic theory, energy-saving control model of large-scale intelligent electromechanical device is built to complete energy-saving control. Experimental results show that algorithm can effectively reduce energy consumption and obtain satisfactory results.
Study of Five-Level Inverter SHEPWM Control Technology Based on Walsh Function
Authors: Li Song
Published: July 2014

SHEPWM technique applicable to multi-level voltage inverter via Walsh function can be solved by linear equations instead of nonlinear transcendental equations. This method don't need a large number of initial values, it’s suitable for online calculation because of its advantages such as high speed calculation and high-accuracy. For the traditional SHEPWM technique based on Walsh function has modulation index restricted problem. This paper proposes a multilevel SHEPWM technique, which Combined Walsh function with multi-band modulation technique. Through the analysis of multi-level multi-band SHEPWM voltage waveform based on Fourier series transform, summarized the multi-level multi-band SHEPWM nonlinear equations when modulation index changed from 0 to 1, and solved the problem with on-line control calculating and modulation index expanding by Walsh function transform. Take five-level inverter as an example, according to the values obtained and considering some equations have several solutions under certain modulation index, using the MATLAB/SIMULINK software do simulation research. The result confirmed that the multi-level multi-band SHEPWM technique based on Walsh function transform is correct and practical.
Adsorption and Separation Research of CO2/CH4 on Modified Activated Carbon Fiber
Authors: Yuan Qin , Yi Hong Hong , Tang Xiao Long , Li Kai , Li Fen Rong , Li Yun Dong
Published: July 2014

In this paper, activated carbon fibers were modified by different chemical reagents. The modified adsorbents were used to investigate adsorption and separation performance of CO2/CH4 gases mixture, and then it could get the best modified adsorbent. The experimental results show that amine can't great grafting on activated carbon fiber. Compared with blank activated carbon fibers, the adsorption property of CO2 did not have much influence on the activated carbon fiber modified by amine. However, it can increase the nitrogen functional groups and the specific surface area on the surface of activated carbon fiber that were modified with nitric acid and ammonia. The above two points were conductive to the adsorption and separation of CO2/CH4 mixture gases.
The Simulation Research of SVG Control Algorithm Based on Unbalanced Power System
Authors: Huang Sun Wei , Shi Jin
Published: July 2014

For three-wire three-phase system load imbalance in the system when the current imbalance of power grid, The SVG control strategy which was applied in the unbalanced system was proposed by the paper, and carried on the research and analysis by MATLAB simulation function. The simulation results proved that the control strategy could achieve compensation control requirements,at the same time can effectively restrain the negative sequence current.
The Effect of Dead Zone Mode on Electric Vehicle PWM Speed Control System
Authors: Rong Liang , Jia Shan Jie , Wu Kui Hua , Fu Chun Mei , Fu Qing Mao
Published: July 2014

To realize the electric vehicle braking energy recycling and driving smooth, bipolar PWM modulation mode is often adopted. To avoid the bridge arm shoot-through, a dead zone needs to be set in the complementary upper and lower bridge arm driving signal. Using hardware circuit dead zone setting has the advantages of simple setting and high reliability, is often used in the integrated driving module, however different dead zone mode has different influence on the inverter output voltage. This paper carried analysis on motor speed nonlinear problems caused by output voltage jump around a specific duty ratio in hardware dead zone setting mode, and gives the improvement of hardware circuit. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the method can well solve the output voltage jump in the vicinity of a specific duty ratio problem.
Research on Market Model for China Forest Carbon-Sink in Coal Mines
Authors: Shang Chuang Hong
Published: July 2014

In post-Kyoto Protocol times, forest carbon-sink has become one of the key path choices to realize clean development for China. Currently, China’s carbon market system has not come into being. So it is necessary to take government-leading model to establish three market systems. They are property relations of coal forest, binding planning for GDP carbon emission intensity and credit trading system of forest carbon-sink. Based on market systems, certified emission reductions (CERs) and voluntary emission reductions (VERs) in mining industry can be developed.
Transient Analysis of Induction Machines Using Time-Stepping Finite Element Method Coupled with the Circuit Equations
Authors: Li Jie , Zhang Yu Jiao , Sun Meng Yun , Qin Wei Nan , Wu Xin
Published: July 2014

A field-circuit coupled finite element method has been applied on one induction machines for the transient analysis in case of inverter power supply and sinusoidal voltage supply in this paper. The focus is to build the time-stepping finite element method with external circuit coupled to the electromagnetic field equations and achieve voltage supply. The problem of the motion of rotor is solved through moving boundary by interpolation in the moving coordinate system. The induction machine starting transient simulation has been completed using Finite element equations indirect coupled with mechanical equation. The influence of the electromagnetic field and performance has been analyzed compared with sinusoidal condition. This method can be used for dynamic analysis of any power supply taking into account the magnetic nonlinearity of the core material. The established machine overall structure model is closer to the actual. Compared to the traditional analysis method, we can reduce the dependency of experience design. It can also be used for analysis and optimization of the new machine
FIR Sine Interpolation Algorithm Based on Pipeline and Parallel Technology
Authors: Du Xiu Li , Jiang Huan Cheng , Chen Bo
Published: July 2014

According to the problem that the existing data interpolation algorithm has low efficiency when handling high-speed data, this paper proposes a FPGA-based FIR sine interpolation algorithm based on pipeline and parallel technology. The algorithm not only reduces the critical path so that improve the system working clock effectively, but also increases the speed of data processing to improve the speed of interpolation process significantly. Finally, according to the experiment based on FPGA, the result shows that the proposed algorithm improves the speed of data interpolation process, and reduces the system power consumption effectively. It can realize the real-time interpolation process of high-speed or hyper-speed data stream.
Harmonic Detection in Power Signals Based on Fast Modified S-Transform
Authors: Liu Guan Qi , Wu Li Na , Qin Zhao Lei
Published: July 2014

In this paper, a new approach for harmonic detection in power signals based on fast modified S-transform (FMST) is proposed, which combines the advantages of the incomplete S-transform and the modified S-transform. Initially, the Fast Fourier Transform was performed and dynamic measurement values were obtained from the envelope of power spectrum, then the valid harmonic frequency points were detected by selecting the dynamic measurement values which were larger than the set thresholds. Further, the FMST was specifically performed on these major frequency points and a complex matrix was generated. The row vectors of the matrix reflected the phase and the time location information of harmonic disturbances, while the column vectors reflected the amplitude-frequency characteristics. And the feature vectors extracted from the complex matrix were used to detect the harmonic amplitude, phase and transient information. Simulation results validate the high accuracy, strong noise immunity and rapidity of the proposed approach.
IEC61850-Based Digital Watt-Hour Meter Tester with Traceability
Authors: Huang Chu , Tang Yi , Bo Jiang , Chen Xian Shun , Ai Bing
Published: July 2014

The IEC61850-based digital watt-hour meter is different with conventional meters. The testing method and equipment for conventional meter is no longer applicable for digital meters. A newly designed tester for digital watt-hour meter is presented. The hardware structure and working principle are described. The test has traceability to the conventional standard meter. The tracing test result shows that the tester has accuracy grade of 0.05%.