bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expedient assembly of densely functionalized indanonesvianickel-catalyzed alkene hydroacylation with methyl esters
Authors: Zeng Min , Huang Fuli , Zhu Minghui , Ding Jichao , Qin Tong , Xu Maoting , Liu Wanqing , Lu Jun , Wu Jicheng , Qin Xurong , Ren Qiao
Published: May 2023

A concise nickel-catalyzed intramolecular alkene hydroacylation with readily available but inert methyl esters as acyl electrophiles is disclosed, affording various antioxidant indanones and indazolones in good efficiency.
Stereoselective synthesis of five- and six-membered carbocycles via Matteson homologation/ring closing metathesis
Authors: Kinsinger Thorsten , Kazmaier Uli
Published: May 2023

The Matteson homologation is found to be a versatile tool for the stereoselective synthesis of polyunsaturated alkyl boronic esters, which can be used for the construction of five- and six-membered carbocycles via ring-closing metathesis.
Asymmetric addition of hydrazones as alkyl carbanion equivalents with aryl imines in water
Authors: Wang Yi-Zhan , Liu Shao-Dong , Cheng Liang , Liu Li , Li Chao-Jun
Published: May 2023

An asymmetric umpolung addition of hydrazones as alkyl carbanion equivalents with imines in water was developed under the catalysis of a chiral Ru–diamine–diphosphine system.
Highly C-oriented (002) plane ZnO nanowires synthesis
Authors: Nizar Ben Moussa , Lajnef Mohamed , Chaste Julien , Chtourou Radouane , Herth Etienne
Published: May 2023

Nanowires are widely used for energy harvesting, sensors, and solar cells.
Theoretical predictions and experimental verifications of SERS detection in colorants
Authors: Cao Mingyan , Chen Jiamin , Sun Xiaohong , Xie Feng , Li Boyan
Published: May 2023

Synthetic colorants added during food processing not only fail to provide nutrients, but also can be harmful to human health when used in excess.
Three-dimensional porous metal phosphide cathode electrodes prepared via electroless galvanic modification for alkaline water electrolysis
Authors: Sasidharan Sankar , Illathvalappil Rajith , Aravindh S. Assa , Kuroki Hidenori , Anilkumar Gopinathan M. , Yamaguchi Takeo
Published: May 2023

Non platinum based metal phosphide cathode electrodes with a very low Ru loading for sustainable hydrogen generation and futuristic carbon free alkaline water electrolyzers.
Stick-slip dynamics in the forced wetting of polymer brushes
Authors: Greve Daniel , Hartmann Simon , Thiele Uwe
Published: May 2023

An advancing contact line can exhibit stick-slip motion on a swelling polymer brush substrate.
Eco-friendly synthesis of cardanol-based AB monomer for formaldehyde-free phenolic thermosets
Authors: Briou Benoit , Jégo Lucas , De Dios Miguel Thomas , Duguet Nicolas , Caillol Sylvain
Published: May 2023

Oxidative cleavage of cardanol to a single-component AB monomer allows the preparation of bio-based formaldehyde-free phenolic resins.
An image‐based facial acupoint detection approach using high‐resolution network and attention fusion
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Yang Hongyu , Ge Wenyi , Lin Yi
Published: May 2023

With the prevalence of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), automation techniques are highly required to support the therapy and save human resources. As the fundamental of the TCM treatment, acupoint detection is attracting research attention in both academic and industrial domains, while current approaches suffer from poor accuracy even with sparse acupoints or require extra equipment. In this study, considering the decision‐making knowledge of human experts, an image‐based deep learning approach is proposed to detect facial acupoints by localising the centre of acupoints. In the proposed approach, high‐resolution networks are selected as the backbone to learn informative facial features with different resolution paths. To fuse the learnt features from the high‐resolution network, a resolution, channel, and spatial attention‐based fusion module is innovatively proposed to imitate human decision, that is, focusing on the facial features to detect required acupoints. Finally, the heatmap is designed to integrally achieve the acupoint classification and position localisation in a single step. A small‐scale real‐world dataset is constructed and annotated to evaluate the proposed approach based on the authorised face dataset. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed approach outperforms other baseline models, achieving a 2.4228% normalised mean error. Most importantly, the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed technical improvements are also confirmed by extensive experiments. The authors believe that the proposed approach can achieve acupoint detection with considerable high performance, and further support TCM automation.
SA‐FlowNet: Event‐based self‐attention optical flow estimation with spiking‐analogue neural networks
Authors: Yang Fan , Su Li , Zhao Jinxiu , Chen Xuena , Wang Xiangyu , Jiang Na , Hu Quan
Published: May 2023

Inspired by biological vision mechanism, event‐based cameras have been developed to capture continuous object motion and detect brightness changes independently and asynchronously, which overcome the limitations of traditional frame‐based cameras. Complementarily, spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer asynchronous computations and exploit the inherent sparseness of spatio‐temporal events. Notably, event‐based pixel‐wise optical flow estimations calculate the positions and relationships of objects in adjacent frames; however, as event camera outputs are sparse and uneven, dense scene information is difficult to generate and the local receptive fields of the neural network also lead to poor moving objects tracking. To address these issues, an improved event‐based self‐attention optical flow estimation network (SA‐FlowNet) that independently uses criss‐cross and temporal self‐attention mechanisms, directly capturing long‐range dependencies and efficiently extracting the temporal and spatial features from the event streams is proposed. In the former mechanism, a cross‐domain attention scheme dynamically fusing the temporal‐spatial features is introduced. The proposed network adopts a spiking‐analogue neural network architecture using an end‐to‐end learning method and gains significant computational energy benefits especially for SNNs. The state‐of‐the‐art results of the error rate for optical flow prediction on the Multi‐Vehicle Stereo Event Camera (MVSEC) dataset compared with the current SNN‐based approaches is demonstrated.
Robust registration of aerial and close‐range photogrammetric point clouds using visual context features and scale consistency
Authors: Chu Guanghan , Fan Dazhao , Dong Yang , Ji Song , Gu Linyu , Li Dongzi , Zhang Wu
Published: May 2023

Point cloud registration is of great significance to the reconstruction of high‐precision 3D city models. There are some challenges when aligning aerial and close‐range photogrammetric point clouds, such as huge view differences caused by the different sights of the sensors, massive noisy points due to the error in dense matching, and scale uncertainty since there are no control points for absolute orientation. To achieve complementary advantages of aerial and close‐range point clouds, in this paper, a robust cross‐source point clouds registration method is proposed using image visual context features and scale consistency. First, a cross‐view image matching method based on image visual context features is proposed to obtain corresponding points. Second, to overcome the challenges of noisy points and scale differences, an outlier filtering method is designed based on scale consistency. Finally, the dual quaternions model considering the scale factor is introduced to solve the spatial transformation model. To analyze the feasibility of this method qualitatively and quantitatively, experiments are conducted using the public scene dataset of Dortmund, Germany, and the scene dataset of Zhengzhou City, China. Three kinds of cross‐source point clouds registration experiments are conducted in this paper, including aerial and close‐range point clouds registration in Dortmund, and aerial and ground point clouds registrations in both Dortmund and Zhengzhou. The chamfer distances of the three sets of experiments are 4.48 m, 5.97 m and 4.78 m, respectively. The ablation study shows that the outlier filtering method and the dual quaternions model improve the accuracy by at least 14% and 25%, respectively. The experiments demonstrate that the method accomplishes the cross‐source point clouds registration in large‐scale scenes accurately and efficiently, providing a solid foundation for subsequent fine 3D reconstruction.
Effect of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine on the depuration of the amnesic shellfish poisoning toxin, domoic acid, in the digestive gland of the king scallop Pecten maximus
Authors: Vanmaldergem Jean , García-Corona José Luis , Deléglise Margot , Fabioux Caroline , Hegaret Hélène
Published: May 2023

Domoic acid (DA) is a potent neurotoxin produced by worldwide distributed diatoms of the genus Pseudo-nitzchia (PSN) and is responsible for Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP) in humans. King scallop Pecten maximus, a bivalve species of high commercial interest, is regularly subjected to blooms of Pseudo-nitzschia sp., thus accumulating and retaining high levels of DA for extended periods, leading to prolonged fisheries and aquaculture closures and important economic losses following increasingly recurrent toxic PSN blooms. The underlying mechanisms behind this accumulation and long toxin retention remain poorly understood so far. Fishermen and the aquaculture industry ask for methods to accelerate DA depuration in contaminated scallops, which has led to investigate the effect of some substances such as the antioxidant N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), which was previously found to improve up to four-fold DA depuration in P. maximus adductor muscle. Our study investigated the potential of NAC to accelerate DA depuration in all scallop tissues, including the digestive gland (DG), where most of the toxin is accumulated. Twenty-four contaminated adult scallops were collected following a toxic P. australis bloom in the Bay of Brest (France) and half were treated with the antioxidant NAC (250 mg L−1) for 6 days. HPLC toxin quantification analyses did not revealed any significant differences in the DA burdens in the DG between treated scallops and the control group. DA amounts in the adductor muscle and gonads were below the HPLC detection limit in both groups. Our results revealed that NAC does not thus appear as a commercially suitable solution for fisheries and aquaculture industries as DA depuration enhancer in the tested conditions.
Methodological concept of distance learning at the stage of basic training at the Maritime University
Authors: Balyaeva S.A.
Published: May 2023

The article presents an innovative approach to the educational and methodological support of the educational process in a distance format. The purpose of the study is associated with the identification of such a structure and content of thematic complexes of e-learning tools, the use of which at the stage of basic training of specialists at the Maritime University would optimally meet the objectives of improving the quality of basic knowledge and competencies, the level of digital and professional literacy of industry personnel. The scientific novelty of the study is the development of the methodological concept of distance learning in the direction of increasing the efficiency of the educational process based on the thematic electronic modules developed by the author, consisting of subject-specific video blocks, to different forms of training sessions united by one topic. The author reveals the structure, content and technological features of the implementation of video blocks in the process of educational activities of students in lectures, practical and laboratory classes, as well as in the process of evaluating the success of mastering the course being studied. The article presents the qualitative results of the study, which show the effectiveness of the developed methodological concept of distance learning in the cycle of basic academic disciplines in terms of improving the level of basic training of students as a fundamental basis for professional knowledge and competencies.
Specifics of periphrase implementation in maritime English
Authors: Avanesova Tatiana , Meflekh Marina , Gruzdeva Lena , Gruzdev Dmitry , Fishkova Larisa
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the study is the use of periphrasis in maritime English. Considering this, the following main tasks were formulated: to analyze periphrastic expressions, with their subsequent systematization of this material; to consider the existing classifications of periphrase; to establish the use of periphrase in maritime English for understanding and remembering with the help of the computer-based training system STEP. The relevance of the study is provided by the nature and purpose of periphrasis; the lack of a clear and precise definition of periphrasis in the field of maritime terminology, since even when considering its conceptual system, controversial points are observed. The analysis of references makes it possible to define periphrases as linguistic means used in various real-life situations, with the possibility of selecting them to transmit the same thought in professional maritime communicative activity.
Siberian album "Halmg Unn": Transformation of historical memory
Authors: Dyakieva Baldzhya Batnasunovna , Usalko Oleg Vladimirovich , Goryaeva Tat'yana Nikolaevna , Kovaleva Tamara Ivanovna , Erekteeva Nelli Alekseevna
Published: May 2023

The article presents the project “Siberian Album” of the Kalmyk newspaper “Halmg Unn” as a resource for preserving collective, family memory associated with tragic events in the past of the Kalmyks – the exile of the people to Siberia. Family photos and albums are presented as translators and custodians of historical events in places of settlements, as obvious witnesses of the past. The traumatic experience generated by demographic losses during the deportation of the Kalmyk people still has an exceptional effect on the life of modern Kalmyk society, forms its identity and transforms the structure of memory about the past. This has been demonstrated most clearly by the active participation of the region population in the Siberian Album project. Siberian photographs continue to evoke bitter memories of injustice, of exile, but at the same time, for many, these were the years of youth, study, friendship with peers, so many bright, joyful experiences remain in their memory. Despite the well-developed methodological tools of memory policy, new discourses are fixed in this problem area. These include, in particular, “post-memory” as a new discursive form of broadcasting historical memory and constructing an image of the past with the help of media technologies. The project “Siberian Album” of the Republican newspaper can be considered as a demonstration of the memory of an individual, family, dynasty. When analyzing commemorative practices, it is worth highlighting an important component of the national memory policy – “historical trauma”, that is, traumatic, painful memories of past events of both an individual actor and a community (family, people, etc.).
Using the quality management system for risk management by the seaport administration
Authors: Migda N.S.
Published: May 2023

An increase in the number of ships in the world merchant fleet, their tonnage and speed has significantly enhanced the intensity of navigation, and the accident rate. Despite the fact that ships are equipped with the latest integrated navigation and power systems, the improvement of shore services and the quality of crew training, the accident rate of ships in port waters remains high. The main reason is the “human factor”, which is understudied. The problems and potential of implementing the quality management system were analyzed by Burkov, Irikov, Buyanova, Vetrenko, Vilsky, Voropaeva, etc. The purpose of the present study is to determine the most promising and effective method for developing the quality management system in the Seaport Administration. To achieve this goal, the concept and role of the quality management system, the role of the seaport administration in the system of the transport industry, duties of top managers related to the quality management system in the seaport administration were explored. The object of the study is the Seaport Administration. The study is novel as it develops a new scientific approach that can improve the efficiency of the quality management system in the Seaport Administration, the role of top managers, the methodology for training transport industry workers in order to eliminate emergencies and AS.
Improving the staff training methodology
Authors: Somko M.L. , Migda N.S.
Published: May 2023

As of September 2019, after the implementation of the IMO system of voluntary verification of member states, only 41 percent of member states have passed the verification. Based on these audits, the IMO made the following conclusions. The root reasons why organizations failed to pass the test were the following: insufficient procedure, insufficient resources, insufficient coordination of participants, lack of national regulations, absence of training programs. The organization shall determine the required level of competence of personnel responsible for maintaining the quality of services and products. If the level does not match, the organization must increase it. It is also the responsibility of the organization to evaluate the effectiveness of the measures taken, to ensure that personnel are aware of the significance and relevance of ir activities, to keep records of education, training and experience of personnel. The purpose of the study is to determine the most promising and effective method for improving the training of transport industry workers. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: analysis of the methodology for improving the training of personnel in the transport industry, development of recommendations for improving the training of the ship's crew and employees of coastal services. The object of the study is social relations in training workers of the transport industry. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is research on improving the training of personnel of the transport industry
State policy of the USSR in the field of education during the Great Patriotic War, 1941–1945
Authors: Elbuzdukaeva Tamara , Shmatko Olga , Gaytamirova Sotsita
Published: May 2023

In modern Russia, the urgent task of social development is the reform of the educational system. The problems of education, the content of textbooks, the management of educational processes and other aspects of education policy are under the close attention of the Russian leadership. The problem of public education is patriotic upbringing, civic consciousness of the younger generation. Another serious problem facing the modern school is the problem of training qualified teaching staff. These issues require scientific analysis when developing education policy, and History lessons need to be taken into account. The chosen topic is relevant, since the accumulated experience of school education during the Great Patriotic War shows that the political, social, professional management of the education system is of not only scientific, but also practical interest. This is, firstly, a study of the adaptation of school education to the extreme conditions of wartime, the activation of patriotic upbringing. Unfortunately, local wars are being waged on the territory of the former Soviet Union, having a negative impact on the education system. Therefore, the historical experience of the school education functioning during the Great Patriotic War must be adopted. Compliance with the law on universal education was accompanied by great difficulties, especially in the initial period of the war. This was explained by the fact that students at the beginning of the war had no time to study; many evacuees were on their way to their destination; teenagers en masse went to work in production. The problems of universal education at the beginning of the war intersected with the child safety issues. The country faced the task of combating homelessness and neglect. Millions of people had their homes destroyed, thousands of children lost their relatives and families.
Elements of the theory of knowledge management as a basis for the development of staff competencies
Authors: Somko M.L. , Epikhin A.I. , Epikhina G.V.
Published: May 2023

The article checks the hypothesis based on an empirical construct about the leading role of human capital in building the vector of modernization of economic sectors, which, in turn, determines the importance of its development in accordance with the current demands of the environment. For the formation and growth of a specific highly productive human resource, large organizations should be involved in solving the problem. The development of human capital on the competency-based approach can be characterized in the context of a continuous permanent process that requires a systematic approach to the solution of derivative current tasks for managing training, retraining, formation, evaluation, preservation and scaling of strategically significant professional competencies and ensuring effective involvement of employees in the business processes. These problems can be solved using a unified system for managing the human capital, integrating a set of the most advanced, innovative operational and dynamic tools and information technology support used at each stage of this continuous process, conceptually correlated with knowledge life cycle management procedures.
An analysis of the theoretical and methodological aspects of the competency-based approach in personnel management: Directions for modification
Authors: Epikhina G.V. , Epikhin A.I. , Somko M.L.
Published: May 2023

The article discusses features and advantages of the competency-based approach manifested when it is used in the personnel policy. To identify a unified framework for the competency-based approach, definitions of the category “competence” were studied, and constituent elements of professional competencies were presented and analyzed. They were divided into implicit and explicit; priority elements were identified in terms of goals of management. The analysis of the theoretical and methodological aspects of the competence-based approach allowed the authors to present the concept “competence”, and identify parameters for the implementation of the approach in the context of developing the human capital.
On diagnosing the level of students’ knowledge in special (conventional) disciplines
Authors: Tomilin A.N. , Tomilina S.N. , Panikina S.I.
Published: May 2023

One of the most important tasks of professional training of cadets at maritime universities is to prepare them for competent actions in any accident and emergency. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) reiterates the importance of naval professional training. IMO normative acts like conventions, codes and resolutions indicate that each crew member should be able to maintain the required safety, objectively assess current conditions, navigate in a difficult situation, prevent an accident from developing into an emergency, correctly apply fire extinguishing equipment, quickly close holes, remove accumulated water that threatens ship stability, etc. Implementation of IMO requirements is the main direction in studying special and conventional academic disciplines. For quality assurance of cadets’ learning achievements in the overall academic discipline, it is advisable to use diagnostic assessments. The paper is geared to investigate the way students develop their professional competency when they master special (conventional) disciplines through education diagnostic assessments. The paper aims to develop a toolkit for providing a reliable assessment of the level of mastery of the academic discipline on Basic Security Training by cadets. The authors creatively applied the method of theoretical analysis of scientific literature; testing method; forecasting method; methods of mathematical verification of the reliability and validity of the developed test. In the end, a new test to assess the level of cadets’ performance in a special (conventional) discipline is a correct and timely action. The developed test will replenish a critical pool of diagnostic education resources and will be in demand for education diagnostic assessments in modern maritime education institutions.
The influence of the media on the formation of aggressive and extremist inclinations among young people
Authors: Idrisov Kyuri , Khazhuev Islam , Saidov Aslanbek
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of the media on the formation of aggressive and extremist forms of behavior among young people, as well as their role in the social and psychological prevention of these manifestations. To achieve the goal of the study, an experiment was carried out in which 112 youths living in the territory of the Chechen Republic took part. As a result of the study, it was shown that the choice of a source of information can, to a certain extent, influence the formation of individual propensities for aggressive behavior and dispositions of violent extremism in young people. Also, the results obtained allow us to conclude that modern media can play a key role in the implementation of state policy aimed primarily at preventing violent, aggressive, and extremist manifestations in the youth environment.
Modern technical teaching aids as a component of the information and educational environment in teaching a foreign language at a maritime university
Authors: Astaduryan A.P. , Danelova G.P.
Published: May 2023

One of the main factors in the development and strengthening of the intellectual potential of the state, its self-sufficiency and competitiveness is education. Changes in the information and communication infrastructure have led to the fact that modern society imposes new requirements on the ways of acquiring and transferring knowledge and the role of a person in these processes. Reforming the methods and means of teaching a foreign language in a non-linguistic university is primarily associated with the use of new information technologies lies in the educational process of the concept of information and educational environment. The information and educational environment is considered in close connection with the system of developing learning and represents a set of conditions that not only allow the formation and development of language knowledge, skills, and abilities of a future specialist, but also contribute to the development of his personality, such a system of knowledge that he needs at this stage of solving the tasks of his development, which subsequently provides a real opportunity for mastering new tasks, increasing the level of complexity. The construction of a language IEE is based on principles that reflect the specifics of the studied subject and the learning environment itself, namely: openness, integrativity, systematic and consistent organization of educational material and its use in the educational process, interactivity, visual presentation of the material, multidimensionality, and redundancy of all components of the environment. The information and educational environment can be used as a resource for the formation of various competencies, the development of creative thinking and, most importantly, the striving for continuous improvement. The article examines in detail the resource and content component (RCC) of the information and educational environment modern integrated material and technical resources that contribute to the formation of the necessary competencies of graduates in the study of a professionally oriented foreign language.
Structural differences of syntactic models in Russian and Chinese
Authors: Kalikova Anna Mikhailovna , Volkova Maria Vladimirovna , Tastemirova Zulfia Kapizovna , Bespalova Julia Evgenievna , Bagrintseva Olga Borisovna
Published: May 2023

For many centuries of scientific existence linguistic researchers and philosophic leaders have been trying to establish a rigid determination of linguistic concepts. Theories of formal generative grammar provide the opportunity for logically proved abstract models. Such models allowing to reflect the typological features of Chinese and Russian syntactical structures in the most accessible way. According to the language morphological classification, the world's languages are divided into four morphological groups: a. inflectional languages, b. agglutinative languages, c. isolating languages, d. incorporating languages. The Chinese language is related to the morphological group of isolating languages as it produces poor methods of morphological inflection and strong significance of the word order in a sentence. The morphological structure of the Russian language which belongs to the inflectional morphological group is opposed to it. The current paper aims to present typological differences between the two comparable languages in terms of generative linguistics. The generated research produces two typological schemes of structural differences between the analyzed languages. The analysis is supplied with certain examples of language usage in both linguistic cultures.
The essence of state coercion in the mechanism of legal regulation
Authors: Asilyan L.V. , Necrasova I.E.
Published: May 2023

The paper analyzes the essence of state coercion. Its exceptional social value is justified, since it is a key factor in maintaining public order and security. It is proposed to consider the power of an autocratic entity as the basis of coercion. Particular attention is paid to the issue of digitalization of public administration, which should be based on the appropriate level of information systems of legal regulation used by state authorities. The prospects for the introduction of artificial intelligence as a subject decision making on the application of state coercion measures are analyzed. The materials and generalizations obtained as part of the study can be used for further study of the problems of the institute of state coercion in modern Russia.
Integration and differentiation in science and their practical significance
Authors: Siusiuka E.N. , Ivanov D.L.
Published: May 2023

The article deals with the laws of dialectics, methods of cognition in science, integration and differentiation as two components of science advancement. The factors causing uneven development of these components are presented. General laws specific for various dynamic systems and forms of movement, general principles of understanding the surrounding world, which enable to combine knowledge of various subjects into a single, integral, harmonious system are presented. The authors of the article emphasise the need to integrate science, education and production, and identify the main problems that arise when implementing integrative programs. The competence-based approach in education, the need to focus on professional qualities, the socio-cultural orientation of the individual, intellectual maturity, and making non-standard decisions are emphasized. Systematization and interdisciplinary differentiation of the components of professional skills, which indicates the development of modern science, the engine of which is differentiation and integration are important for the integration of science and education.
Computer modeling in education for the development of students’ research skills
Authors: Klimenko Ekaterina , Borodina Lyudmila , Rychenkova Anna
Published: May 2023

The paper considers the need to develop some applied pedagogical issues of the general theory of modeling, as well as psychological and pedagogical problems solved by modeling in the learning process, in particular, in the formation of concepts, the interpretation of sign mathematical models and the solution of educational graphic problems, where modeling does not act as an additional method to the current verbal and logical method. The paper gives the examples of visualization in planimetry, the dynamics of proving the Pythagorean theorem by the method of equi partibility, the method of deformation of parts while preserving their areas and the method of cutting theory, as well as an example of an applied problem for three-dimensional modeling of the theoretical surface of a ship hull in a computer-aided design system KOMPAS-3D.
Ensuring the principle of visibility in the development of didactic tools in graphic disciplines
Authors: Rychenkova Anna , Klimenko Ekaterina , Borodina Ludmila
Published: May 2023

The paper considers the theoretical and methodological aspects of ensuring the principle of clarity in the process of developing a complex of didactic means for graphic disciplines. The design features and presentation of visual training tools in the process of geometric and graphic preparation are analyzed. The importance of implementing the principle of clarity in the task of improving the effectiveness of training in graphic disciplines is shown. A classification of visual aids is presented, and the necessary conditions are indicated for a more productive implementation of the capabilities of visual aids as a potential resource for improving the teaching of graphic disciplines.
Development of professional competencies in students of pedagogical classes in the collaboration system "school – university”
Authors: Kurbanov Ramzan Asvadovich , Muskhanova Isita Vakhidovna , Isabaeva Maryam Mauserovna
Published: May 2023

The study describes the development of professional competencies in students of pedagogical classes in the collaboration system “school-university”. The significance of the issue is due to the lack of a program for the flexible entry into the teaching profession and the lack of a clear and variable system of professional orientation for students. The study used the research methods such as theoretical analysis, review of scientific literature and information from Internet resources, comparative analysis and interpretation. The study revealed a positive dynamics of indicators. The arithmetic mean value of the level of development of the EG competencies was 73.87 %, which was 29.47 % more than the results of the entrance test. And the average score of the same EG on the basis of control testing was 82 points. This result indicates the high efficiency of the methods and the format of interaction between the ChSPU and general educational organizations of the Chechen Republic. The study offered a program for the phased development of professional competencies in students in psychological and pedagogical classes, which can serve as the basis for developing a program for advanced training of secondary school teachers to organize specialized psychological and pedagogical classes in schools.
Problems of Bashkir novels of the 1950s and 1960s
Authors: Gareeva Gulfira Nigamatovna , Mustafina Ramzia Davletkulovna , Alieva Sono Abdimamatovna , Galliamov Azamat Abdrakhmanovich , Latypova Rida Marsovna
Published: May 2023

The article describes the development of the Bashkir prose in the 1950s–1960s against the backdrop of socio-historical changes during the "thaw", increased attention to man as a personality. Through the analysis of the principles of realistic reflection, the study of genre and stylistic features and the identification of problems of large epic forms, the study revealeda tendency of the gradual transition of Bashkir novelism from sociological research to psychologically reliable depiction of the spiritual world of contemporaries.The humanistic nature of the Bashkir literature of the 1960s was manifested in attention to the individual, development of new personality traits, high spiritual and moral relations between people.The novels of the 1950s–1960s raised problems of the then reality and achieved significant success in depicting full-blooded, life-like typical characters, individual images. The connection between the writer and the reality was strengthened. Having accumulated experience in creating novels, back in the 20–30s of the twentieth century,Bashkir prose continued the traditions in a deep and truthful coverage of the current problems multiplying and enriching literature with new works, styles, and contemporary images. The writers paid close attention to the inner world, the psychological portrait (“May Rain” and “Wild Rose Flower” by A. Valeev, “Generous Land” by D. Islamov, “People of Long Roads” by N. Musin, “How the Stars Light up” by Y. Khammatov, “Eagles do not leave nests” by Y. Valeeva, “Night on the New Moon” by G. Ibragimov, “I do not promise you paradise” by A. Bikchentaeva and others.
A review of the experimental methods used for studying the semantics of proper names
Authors: Navrazova Khava Bakuevna , Makhaev Mair Ruslanovich , Shamileva Razeta Daduevna
Published: May 2023

The article describes the experimental methods for studying the semantics of proper names. Conducting experiments is a new trend in the development of modern linguistics due to the development of the anthropocentric paradigm which considers language as a mental phenomenon rather than an independent system (lexicon, grammar). The paradigm goes back to the works by von Humboldt, Steinthal, Potebnya, etc. Native speakers act as subjects in linguistic experiments. Experimental methods are also used in studies of the semantics of proper names. The experimental approach considers this problem in a new light, identifying the semantic components of proper names that are relevant for native speakers, and taking into account ethnic, age, social, gender and temporal aspects. The experimental methods help reveal a new kind of meaning that exists along with the traditional lexical meaning. This is a psycholinguistic meaning that is represented in the minds of native speakers. This allows us to solve one of the most important methodological problems of lexicography of toponymic vocabulary – the search for methods of complex interpretation of the semantics of lexical units, taking into account the mental factor and ways for analyzing language in its close connection with thinking and experience. The article overviews experimental methods for studying the semantics of proper names.
Lexical nominations of wolf in Russian, Kalmyk, Mongolian and German phraseology and paremiology
Authors: Omakaeva Ellara Ulyaevna , Buraeva Tatyana Viktorovna , Bovaeva Galina Mandzhievna , Staroverkina Lyubov Alekseevna , Tsolmon Sh.
Published: May 2023

Zoo lexemes, being separate lexical units and components of animalistic phraseological units (APU) and animalistic proverbial mini-texts (APMT), contribute a significant global presence in all languages. Nevertheless, the world of wild fauna is still poorly understood from a linguistic and cultural perspective. In particular, the relevant vocabulary remains understudied, although it is rich in compositional diversity encapsulating a huge body of materials. Many questions are still out of linguistic sight, although the need for a comprehensive study of animalistic vocabulary is long overdue. Lexical consistency is precisely discovered when various kinds of lexical groupings are addressed. This approach seems to be the most preferable for the authors who study APU and zoo proverbs representing a certain system. The paper proposes to use such terms as faunism, animalism, zoosemism for denoting animals and zoomorphism – for metaphorical designation of humans. The authors are concerned with Russian-Kalmyk-German-Mongolian similarities and differences in APU and zoo proverbs but they are few. Meanwhile, based on APU and APMT it is important to compare LWI animalistic fragments used by native speakers inhabiting the Caspian Sea, Central Asian and European territories for developing an adequate methodology for teaching languages within an ethno-oriented paradigm. This research area has not yet provided a systematic insight into the linguistic status of the object under study. The issues of attributing proverbs and sayings to phraseology, as well as their differentiation, remain debatable. Considering Russian phraseological and paremiological materials against a foreign language background will help to identify its idioethnic specificity and universal features. Understanding the specific phraseological and proverbial coding of the world provides better characteristics of particular ethnic linguistic and cultural attitudes. The study is relevant due to the need to produce a multilingual dictionary composed of zoo vocabulary, zoo idioms and zoo proverbs. Russian APU and APMT studied against foreign languages (Kalmyk, Mongolian and German) will result in their different types identified, both universal and specific.
Family factors in formation of mental states in persons accused of terrorism
Authors: Saidov Aslanbek , Idrisov Kyuri , Khazhuev Islam
Published: May 2023

The paper discusses the results of an experimental study to investigate the products of such mental states as anxiety, frustration, aggressiveness and rigidity as exemplified by persons accused of committing terrorist attacks, through a lens of certain family conditions including marital status, parental status, as well as living conditions with their close relatives. The findings suggest that certain mental states exhibited by persons prone to commit especially dangerous crimes against the society can be related to family reasons, in particular parental status of criminals.
Problems and prospects of technocratic model of government
Authors: Salgiriev Ali , Makhaev Mair , Dimaeva Fatima , Soltamuradov Magomed , Gaziev Vakha
Published: May 2023

The paper deals with technocracy as one of the ways to organize the political life of society and variants of the state system. The paper analyzes the concept of technocracy and provides an overview of the main classical concepts of technocracy. It states that the concept of technocracy does not have an unambiguous definition, but has three basic features. Classical technocracy relies on the principle of exclusivity and the ideal of aristocratic rule laid down in Plato’s writings. The paper describes a new -deliberative model of technocracy, tailored on the principle of inclusiveness. Deliberative technocracy is a kind of technocracy by which political (and, in particular, state) decisions are taken based on expert opinion. Expert opinion is shaped following intellectual operations and is delineated in expert findings. Deliberative technocracy proclaims neither the power of abstract demos (mass men) nor the power of intellectual aristocracy. Deliberative technocracy brings a new force onto the political stage, otherwise referred to as experts. Thus, deliberative technocracy implies the majority rule, not the minority... but it is the rule of a qualified and competent majority.
P. Sorokin’s Sociology of revolution in the context of theory of revolution of 19th–20th centuries
Authors: Shults Eduard E.
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of Pitirim Sorokin’s book “The Sociology of Revolution” in the context of scientific achievements in the field of the theory of revolution. The author analyzes: first, those ideas and thoughts that formed the basis of Sorokin's concept in comparison with those approaches and ideas that existed in his time; Secondly, those ideas and approaches that had been developing in the 20th century under the influence of Sorokin’s book. The author considers, that Sorokin’s “The Sociology of Revolution” needs to be considered in the scientific context of researches on the causes of social protest from Aristotle to Enlightenment, researches on the English and Great French Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries and the development of the theory of revolution in the 19th century. The author concludes that Sorokin's “The Sociology of Revolution” had absorbed into its concept existing approaches and ideas, and became a bright conceptual work, which gave a way to several generations of researchers of the theory of revolution in the 20th century. And its great influence is still valid.
The development of society and the principle of "minimizing efforts"/"acceptable crisis"
Authors: Suschiy Sergey Yakovlevich
Published: May 2023

The paper analyses the reasons for obvious resource saving and minimization of practical efforts made by society in the solution of significant problems that arise in the process of its development. This phenomenon is recorded in the life of societies of all taxonomic levels (from local groups to states, international unions, humanity in general). It can be referred to as the principle of "effort minimization". The main reasons for the use of this principle by society in its activities are the limited availability of resources, which implies a concentration of efforts on stopping the clip of central threats, as well as the ability of social subsystems in the development process in order to solve some problems without the regulatory involvement of management structures. For the global society, another significant reason is the maximum difficulty in the coordination of the efforts of a large number of actors. While there are significant differences in the methods, strategies and tools used by societies to remove threats, the very mechanism of response to them has several common features, similar stages ("blindness", fixation, practical efforts, effective activity). Minimizing regulatory actions for a long time, society actually contributes to the growth of some problems, deliberately allowing the onset of a crisis situation, with its subsequent regulation (the principle of "acceptable crisis"). It is possible to state that the development of civilization is fundamentally located in the risk zone. Moreover, such riskogenicity is the manifestation of a systemic algorithm responsible for the way of evolution not only of humanity, but of the entire biosphere. It does not secure against a catastrophic outcome (evidence is the disappearance of species and large "clusters" of living things; local societies, states, peoples, entire civilizations). At the same time, the growth of global risks correlates with the expansion of social ability to eliminate them. It remains to be hoped for the width of the time gap between the achievement of a critical level of actualization by global issues (forcing society to actively engage in the process of self-optimization) and the onset of catastrophic changes in the socio-natural system of the Earth, when any regulatory actions on the part of mankind will be useless.
Perspectives of carbon tax introduction in the Russian Federation
Authors: Tselniker Grigoriy F. , Kravtseva Viktoriya S.
Published: May 2023

This paper analyses the prospects for the introduction of a carbon tax on the territory of the Russian Federation and the impact of the environmental agenda on the financial and tax policy of Russia. The authors consider the advantages and disadvantages of the carbon tax in comparison with other economic and legal mechanisms. The paper considers the definition of the concept of carbon tax and its essence, analyzes the role of carbon tax in the implementation of state policy in the field of environmental protection in terms of decarbonization. The authors also propose possible strategies for the introduction of a carbon tax in Russia.