bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Precipitation Classification System Using Vertical Doppler Radar Based on Neural Networks
Authors: Makino Kota , Shiina Toru , Ota Mamoru
Published: December 2018

An accurate estimation of precipitation intensity can only be achieved if the particle type of precipitation is identified. In this study, we describe the construction of a system based on neural networks that classifies precipitation particles by type. The system uses Doppler spectra obtained by a vertical pointing Doppler radar as input data and the type of precipitated particle, based on ground observations, as a teacher signal. The reliability of the classification system was evaluated by the system's F‐measure after a period time. We show that the F‐measure of the classification system can be 0.915, and we confirm that the system classifies precipitation particle types satisfactorily until 0.9–49.1 min after estimation.
Studying the Parameters of Frequency Dispersion for Radio Links of Different Length Using Software‐Defined Radio Based Sounding System
Authors: Ivanov V. A. , Ivanov D. V. , Ryabova N. V. , Ryabova M. I. , Chernov A. A. , Ovchinnikov V. V.
Published: December 2018

Methods and relevant software were developed to study frequency dispersion parameters of wideband high‐frequency (HF) radio channels over propagation paths of different lengths: near vertical incidence skywave paths (up to 500 km) and long‐distance radio paths (from 1,000 up to 3,500 km). We developed a universal ionosonde (in terms of methods and signals) to do experimental research into HF radio wave propagation and dispersion using software‐defined radio technology and platform Universal Software Radio Peripheral N210. The multipurposeness of the ionosonde is manifested in the sounding methods used (oblique incidence and vertical incidence) as well as in the spread spectrum signals used (binary phase shift keying, frequency modulated continuous wave, and frequency modulated interrupted continuous wave). The characteristics of the megahertz‐bandwidth HF channels were studied. The dependences of the variation of the third‐order dispersion parameter on the time of day, the radio path length, and the channel carrier frequency were experimentally found.
CCR4-dependent reduction in the number and suppressor function of CD4+Foxp3+ cells augments IFN-γ-mediated pulmonary inflammation and aggravates tuberculosis pathogenesis
Authors: Bertolini Thais B. , Piñeros Annie R. , Prado Rafael Q. , Gembre Ana Flávia , Ramalho Leandra N. Z. , Alves-Filho José Carlos , Bonato Vânia L. D.
Published: December 2018

Chronic pulmonary inflammation marked predominantly by CD4+IFN-γ+ cells is the hallmark of tuberculosis pathogenesis in immunocompetent adults, who are substantially affected by this disease. Moreover, CD4+Foxp3+ cell-mediated suppression contributes to infection susceptibility. We addressed the role of CD4+Foxp3+ cells in tuberculosis pathogenesis, because this aspect has not been addressed during chronic infection. We targeted CCR4, which induces the influx of CD4+Foxp3+ cells into the lungs. CCR4−/− mice exhibited a lower frequency of CD4+Foxp3+ cells at 15, 30, and 70 days of infection than their wild-type counterparts. However, only at 70 days of infection was an exacerbated IFN-γ-mediated immune response associated with apparent tuberculosis pathogenesis and susceptibility. In addition, CCR4−/− mice exhibited a decrease in the suppressor function of CD4+Foxp3+ cells. Adoptive transfer of Foxp3+ cells into infected CCR4−/− mice restored pulmonary inflammation and bacterial load to levels observed in wild-type mice. Our findings suggest that CD4+Foxp3+ cells play a time-dependent role in tuberculosis and highlight that CCR4 plays a critical role in the balance of IFN-γ-mediated inflammation by regulating the influx and function of CD4+Foxp3+ cells. Our findings are translationally relevant, as CD4+Foxp3+ cells or CCR4 could be a target for immunotherapy, considering the heterogeneity of tuberculosis in immunocompetent adults.
Effects of Novel Calpain Inhibitors in Transgenic Animal Model of Parkinson’s disease/dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Hassen Getaw Worku , Kesner Leo , Stracher Alfred , Shulman Abraham , Rockenstein Edward , Mante Michael , Adame Anthony , Overk Cassia , Rissman Robert A. , Masliah Eliezer
Published: December 2018

Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are neurodegenerative disorders of the aging population characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn). The mechanisms triggering α-syn toxicity are not completely understood, however, c-terminus truncation of α-syn by proteases such as calpain may have a role. Therefore, inhibition of calpain may be of value. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemically administered novel low molecular weight calpain inhibitors on α-syn pathology in a transgenic mouse model. For this purpose, non-tg and α-syn tg mice received the calpain inhibitors - Gabadur, Neurodur or a vehicle, twice a day for 30 days. Immunocytochemical analysis showed a 60% reduction in α-syn deposition using Gabadur and a 40% reduction using Neurodur with a concomitant reduction in c-terminus α-syn and improvements in neurodegeneration. Western blot analysis showed a 77% decrease in α-spectrin breakdown products (SBDPs) SBDPs with Gabadur and 63% reduction using Neurodur. There was a 65% reduction in the active calpain form with Gabadur and a 45% reduction with Neurodur. Moreover, treatment with calpain inhibitors improved activity performance of the α-syn tg mice. Taken together, this study suggests that calpain inhibition might be considered in the treatment of synucleinopathies.
Meta-analysis of Alzheimer’s disease on 9,751 samples from Norway and IGAP study identifies four risk loci
Authors: Witoelar Aree , Rongve Arvid , Almdahl Ina S. , Ulstein Ingun D. , Engvig Andreas , White Linda R. , Selbæk Geir , Stordal Eystein , Andersen Fred , Brækhus Anne , Saltvedt Ingvild , Engedal Knut , Hughes Timothy , Bergh Sverre , Bråthen Geir , Bogdanovic Nenad , Bettella Francesco , Wang Yunpeng , Athanasiu Lavinia , Bahrami Shahram , Le Hellard Stephanie , Giddaluru Sudheer , Dale Anders M. , Sando Sigrid B. , Steinberg Stacy , Stefansson Hreinn , Snaedal Jon , Desikan Rahul S. , Stefansson Kari , Aarsland Dag , Djurovic Srdjan , Fladby Tormod , Andreassen Ole A.
Published: December 2018

A large fraction of genetic risk factors for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is still not identified, limiting the understanding of AD pathology and study of therapeutic targets. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of AD cases and controls of European descent from the multi-center DemGene network across Norway and two independent European cohorts. In a two-stage process, we first performed a meta-analysis using GWAS results from 2,893 AD cases and 6,858 cognitively normal controls from Norway and 25,580 cases and 48,466 controls from the International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project (IGAP), denoted the discovery sample. Second, we selected the top hits (p < 1 × 10−6) from the discovery analysis for replication in an Icelandic cohort consisting of 5,341 cases and 110,008 controls. We identified a novel genomic region with genome-wide significant association with AD on chromosome 4 (combined analysis OR = 1.07, p = 2.48 x 10-8). This finding implicatedHS3ST1, a gene expressed throughout the brain particularly in the cerebellar cortex. In addition, we identifiedIGHV1-68in the discovery sample, previously not associated with AD. We also associatedUSP6NL/ECHDC3andBZRAP1-AS1to AD, confirming findings from a follow-up transethnic study. These new gene loci provide further evidence for AD as a polygenic disorder, and suggest new mechanistic pathways that warrant further investigation.
Review: new insights into optimizing chemical and 3D surface structures of carbon electrodes for neurotransmitter detection
Authors: Cao Qun , Puthongkham Pumidech , Venton B. Jill
Published: December 2018

The carbon-fiber microelectrode has been used for decades as a neurotransmitter sensor, but many new carbon electrodes have recently been developed with beneficial electrochemical properties that take advantage of surface chemistry and surface structure.
Theoretical insights into intermolecular interactions during d8 organometallic self-aggregation
Authors: Xie Mo , Lu Wei
Published: December 2018

Metallophilicity was once considered as the major driver of aggregation in metal–organic complexes.
How transport layer properties affect perovskite solar cell performance: insights from a coupled charge transport/ion migration model
Authors: Courtier Nicola E. , Cave James M. , Foster Jamie M. , Walker Alison B. , Richardson Giles
Published: December 2018

The effects of transport layers on perovskite solar cell performance, in particular anomalous hysteresis, are investigated.
A general dual-templating approach to biomass-derived hierarchically porous heteroatom-doped carbon materials for enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen reduction
Authors: Li Xiaoge , Guan Bu Yuan , Gao Shuyan , Lou Xiong Wen (David)
Published: December 2018

Herein we report a general dual-templating approach to prepare hierarchically macro-/meso-/microporous heteroatom-doped carbon materials using diverse low-cost biomass precursors.
A new dialkylthio-substituted naphtho[2,3-c]thiophene-4,9-dione based polymer donor for high-performance polymer solar cells
Authors: Wu Yue , Yang Hang , Zou Yan , Dong Yingying , Yuan Jianyu , Cui Chaohua , Li Yongfang
Published: December 2018

A dialkylthio-substituted conjugated polymer is designed and synthesized as a donor material for high-performance polymer solar cells with long-term stability.
A ZnO/porous GaN heterojunction and its application as a humidity sensor
Authors: Wang Chao , Huang Hui , Zhang Miao-Rong , Song Wei-Xing , Zhang Long , Xi Rui , Wang Lu-Jia , Pan Ge-Bo
Published: December 2018

A new humidity sensor based on a heterojunction of ZnO/PGAN is fabricated by a simple spraying process and the heterojunction can be directly applied to a diode-type humidity sensor.
Spontaneous directional motion of water molecules in single-walled carbon nanotubes with a stiffness gradient
Authors: Chen Shuai , Cheng Yuan , Zhang Gang , Zhang Yong-Wei
Published: December 2018

Controlling water molecular motion at the nanoscale is critical for many important applications, such as water splitting to produce hydrogen and oxygen, biological and chemical cell reactions, nanofluidics, drug delivery, water treatment, etc.
Controlled disassembly of a DNA tetrahedron using strand displacement
Authors: Chandrasekaran Arun Richard , Halvorsen Ken
Published: December 2018

A DNA tetrahedron is disassembled by nucleic acid triggers via strand displacement, showing promise in the creation of “sense-and-act” nanomachines.
Combining magnetic nanoparticle capture and poly-enzyme nanobead amplification for ultrasensitive detection and discrimination of DNA single nucleotide polymorphisms
Authors: Lapitan Lorico D. S. , Xu Yihan , Guo Yuan , Zhou Dejian
Published: December 2018

An ultrasensitive sensor which combines magnetic capture and poly-enzyme nanobead amplification to quantify a low aM DNA target is developed.
Base excision repair-inspired DNA motor powered by intracellular apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease
Authors: Li Lidan , Li Na , Fu Shengnan , Deng Yingnan , Yu Changyuan , Su Xin
Published: December 2018

A DNA motor was operated in living cells by endogenous AP endonuclease.
A WSe2 vertical field emission transistor
Authors: Di Bartolomeo Antonio , Urban Francesca , Passacantando Maurizio , McEvoy Niall , Peters Lisanne , Iemmo Laura , Luongo Giuseppe , Romeo Francesco , Giubileo Filippo
Published: December 2018

We demonstrate a back-gate modulated field-emission current from a WSe2 monolayer and propose a new field-emission vertical transistor concept.
Flexible thermoelectric generators with inkjet-printed bismuth telluride nanowires and liquid metal contacts
Authors: Chen Bolin , Kruse Matthew , Xu Biao , Tutika Ravi , Zheng Wei , Bartlett Michael D. , Wu Yue , Claussen Jonathan C.
Published: December 2018

A nanowire based flexible thermoelectric generator with liquid metal contacts is fabricated by inkjet and spray printing.
Pitcher plant-bioinspired bubble slippery surface fabricated by femtosecond laser for buoyancy-driven bubble self-transport and efficient gas capture
Authors: Jiao Yunlong , Lv Xiaodong , Zhang Yiyuan , Li Chuanzong , Li Jiawen , Wu Hao , Xiao Yi , Wu Sizhu , Hu Yanlei , Wu Dong , Chu Jiaru
Published: December 2018

Pitcher plant-bioinspired bubble slippery surface fabricated by femtosecond laser for buoyancy-driven bubble self-transport and efficient gas capture.
ortho-Fluoroazobenzene derivatives as DNA intercalators for photocontrol of DNA and nucleosome binding by visible light
Authors: Heinrich Benedikt , Bouazoune Karim , Wojcik Matthias , Bakowsky Udo , Vázquez Olalla
Published: December 2018

We report a high-affinity photoswitchable DNA binder, which displays different nucleosome-binding capacities upon visible-light irradiation.
Design criteria for minimalist mimics of protein–protein interface segments
Authors: Taechalertpaisarn Jaru , Lyu Rui-Liang , Arancillo Maritess , Lin Chen-Ming , Jiang Zhengyang , Perez Lisa M. , Ioerger Thomas R. , Burgess Kevin
Published: December 2018

We present several critical design criteria of minimalist peptidomimetics deduced via extensive computational and data-mining studies on nine representative mimic designs.
Janus nanofiber array pellicle: facile conjugate electrospinning construction, structure and bifunctionality of enhanced green fluorescence and adjustable magnetism
Authors: Wang Guoyi , Ma Qianli , Tian Jiao , Fan Libing , Li Dan , Dong Xiangting , Yu Wensheng , Wang Jinxian , Liu Guixia
Published: December 2018

A [Fe3O4/PVP]//[Tb(BA)3phen/PVP] Janus nanofiber array pellicle with enhanced green fluorescence and adjustable magnetism dual-functionality was constructedviafacile conjugate electrospinning.
Uniform nanoporous graphene sponge from natural polysaccharides as a metal-free electrocatalyst for hydrogen generation
Authors: Niu Jinan , Domenech-Carbó Antonio , Primo Ana , Garcia Hermenegildo
Published: December 2018

Structuring of graphene as graphene sponges in the submicrometric scale has been achieved by using silica spheres (80 nm diameter) as hard templates and chitosan or alginate as precursor of defective N-doped or undoped graphene, respectively.
Correction: Designing a novel tetradentate polyoxometalate eco-catalyst for the synthesis of β-aminocyclohexanone derivatives in water
Authors: Mozafari Roya , Heidarizadeh Fariba , Azaroon Maedeh
Published: December 2018

Correction for ‘Designing a novel tetradentate polyoxometalate eco-catalyst for the synthesis of β-aminocyclohexanone derivatives in water’ by Roya Mozafari et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 40261–40266.
Formation of an ion-free crystalline carbon nitride and its reversible intercalation with ionic species and molecular water
Authors: Suter Theo M. , Miller Thomas S. , Cockcroft Jeremy K. , Aliev Abil E. , Wilding Martin C. , Sella Andrea , Corà Furio , Howard Christopher A. , McMillan Paul F.
Published: December 2018

Crystalline layered carbon nitrides can be inter-converted by simple ion exchange process allowing their properties to be tuned.
Solar electricity and fuel production with perylene monoimide dye-sensitised TiO2in water
Authors: Warnan Julien , Willkomm Janina , Farré Yoann , Pellegrin Yann , Boujtita Mohammed , Odobel Fabrice , Reisner Erwin
Published: December 2018

Anchor-bearing perylene monoimide dyes were synthesised and studied back-to-back in both aqueous dye-sensitised solar cells and semiconductor photocatalysis.
Edge transport at the boundary between topologically equivalent lattices
Authors: Massana-Cid Helena , Ernst Adrian , de las Heras Daniel , Jarosz Adam , Urbaniak Maciej , Stobiecki Feliks , Tomita Andreea , Huhnstock Rico , Koch Iris , Ehresmann Arno , Holzinger Dennis , Fischer Thomas M.
Published: December 2018

Edge currents of paramagnetic colloidal particles propagate at the edge between two topologically equivalent magnetic lattices of different lattice constant when the system is driven with periodic modulation loops of an external magnetic field.
Necklace-like microstructure in shallow-quenched aqueous solutions of poly(n-isopropylacrylamide), detected by advanced small-angle neutron scattering methods
Authors: Koizumi Satoshi , Annaka Masahiko , Schwahn Dietmar
Published: December 2018

The microstructure of aqueous poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPA) gel and solution was investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) in the vicinity of the gel volume phase transition at TV (= 34 °C).
A robust and ion-conductive protein-based binder enabling strong polysulfide anchoring for high-energy lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Fu Xuewei , Scudiero Louis , Zhong Wei-Hong
Published: December 2018

A protein-based robust binder was developed to strongly adsorb polysulfides and buffer large volume changes for use in high-loading sulfur cathodes.
Photo-oxidative degradation of methylammonium lead iodide perovskite: mechanism and protection
Authors: Ouyang Yixin , Li Yajuan , Zhu Pengchen , Li Qiang , Gao Yuan , Tong Jianyu , Shi Li , Zhou Qionghua , Ling Chongyi , Chen Qian , Deng Zhengtao , Tan Hairen , Deng Weiqiao , Wang Jinlan
Published: December 2018

A new three-step photo-oxidative degradation mechanism of MAPbI3 is proposed. A strategy for protecting MAPbI3 by 2-(4-fluorophenyl)propan-2-amine modification is designed.
A bio-inspired electronic synapse using solution processable organic small molecule
Authors: Mao Jing-Yu , Zhou Li , Ren Yi , Yang Jia-Qin , Chang Chih-Li , Lin Heng-Chuan , Chou Ho-Hsiu , Zhang Shi-Rui , Zhou Ye , Han Su-Ting
Published: December 2018

A trap-mediated solution-processed small molecule based artificial synaptic device is presented. This work reveals great potential for a small molecule based artificial synapse to serve in neuromorphic computing.
Prognostic significance of NEK2 in human solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xichen , Chen Kang , Liu Haipeng , Huang Zeping , Chen Xiao , Yin Lanning
Published: December 2018

A consensus about the prognostic role of NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2) expression in various solid tumors has not been made yet. Thus, this meta-analysis aimed to systematically assess the prognostic role of NEK2 expression in patients with solid tumors. The eligible studies were identified through searching PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. The hazard ratios (HRs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the link between NEK2 overexpression and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival (DFS/RFS) of patients with solid tumors. A total of 17 studies with 4897 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Among these studies, all of them explored the association between NEK2 expression and OS of patients with solid tumors. Our pooled analysis indicated that NEK2 overexpression was significantly related to adverse OS (HR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.38–2.00; P = 0.001). Additionally, there were six studies with 854 patients that investigated the association between NEK2 expression and DFS/RFS. Our pooled result indicated that there was a substantial relationship between NEK2 overexpression and poorer DFS/RFS (HR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.61–2.48; P = 0.003). In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicated that NEK2 may be a useful predictor of prognosis and an effective therapeutic target in solid tumors. Nevertheless, more high-quality studies are warranted to further support our conclusions because of several limitations in our meta-analysis.
Journal publication ethics and implications for life science researchers: a COPE perspective
Authors: Lane Trevor
Published: December 2018

The quality of the research record in the form of peer-reviewed journal archives is a reflection of not only the quality of the research publication and correction process, but also the quality of the underlying knowledge creation process. Key to the integrity of the research record are honesty and accountability from all parties involved in governing, performing, and publishing scholarly work. A concerted effort is needed to nurture an ethical research publishing culture by promoting ethical practice, relevant training, and effective systems for responding to allegations of research or publication misconduct. The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) is a membership organisation that aims to promote integrity in research publishing, for example, by developing and encouraging best practices to ensure that research is reported ethically, completely, and transparently. COPE uses the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing as part of its criteria when evaluating publishers and journals as members. Researchers can also make use of these guidelines to assess a journal's quality and to gain insights into what peer-reviewed journals expect from authors. The present article outlines and discusses these guidelines to help life science researchers publish ethically, as well as to identify ethical journals as readers, authors, and reviewers.
A deep learning approach for power system knowledge discovery based on multitask learning
Authors: Huang Tian‐en , Guo Qinglai , Sun Hongbin , Tan Chin‐Woo , Hu Tianyu
Published: December 2018

Power system security assessment is an important and challenging problem. Large variations in loads and power generation present increased risks to the secure operation of power systems. This study proposes a distributed deep network structure for power system security knowledge discovery based on multitask learning to monitor and control power grids more properly and effectively. First, a deep neural network structure based on the deep belief network (DBN) is designed to non‐linearly extract deep and abstract features layer‐by‐layer for total transfer capability (TTC) regression tasks. Then, a distributed training algorithm for the deep structure is developed to accelerate the training process. Furthermore, multitask learning is adopted by grouping and training‐related tasks together to improve the task performance. Finally, the accuracy and efficiency of the deep structure are evaluated using the Guangdong Power Grid in China. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model can outperform the existing shallow models in terms of accuracy and stability and can meet the requirements of online computing efficiency.
Optimal operation of a virtual power plant in frequency constrained electricity market
Authors: Mousavi Mohammad , Rayati Mohammad , Ranjbar Ali Mohammad
Published: December 2018

In this study, optimal offering strategy problem of a virtual power plant (VPP) as a price‐maker player in day‐ahead frequency constrained electricity market is presented. The optimal offering strategy problem is modelled as a bi‐level optimisation problem. In the upper‐level problem, the total profit of VPP is maximised. In the lower‐level problem, the clearing conditions of frequency constrained electricity market are modelled. The proposed bi‐level optimisation problem is reformulated as a mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) problem by using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. Then, the proposed MPEC problem, which is non‐linear and hard to solve by commercial solvers, is transformed into a mixed‐integer linear programming problem by using strong duality theorem and big‐number mathematical technique. Here, stochastic optimisation is included in the modelling to enable the VPP for optimisation in the presence of uncertainties, e.g. renewable energy source generations, demands, and offering strategies of rivals. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed model is investigated by implementing it on various case studies.
Synchrophasor‐based system integrity protection scheme for an ultra‐mega‐power project in India
Authors: Kumar Deepa S. , Savier J.S.
Published: December 2018

System Integrity Protection Scheme (SIPS) aids the normal protection scheme in case of certain special contingencies like tripping of important corridors/flow gates etc. to mitigate the voltage or angular instability, load generation imbalance and finally large‐scale cascading catastrophes. A recent blackout incident in an ultra‐mega‐power project (UMPP) in India has motivated the authors to ponder upon a SIPS as a solution. As part of designing the SIPS, an efficient solution is formulated using synchrophasors for a well‐known issue nonetheless an issue which still disturbs the Indian power system network with blackouts – i.e. unintended distance relay operation in the event of power swing. Here, real‐time voltage and current phasors and the angular separation between the buses connecting faulted line, acquired by phasor measurement unit is utilised to derive a differential power coefficient (DPC). This study proposes a modified logic scheme for blocking/de‐blocking of distance relays i.e. change the existing scheme with ‘block all zones except Zone‐1’ to ‘block all zones on power swing detection’. Rate of change of DPC is derived here which aids in differentiating stable and unstable power swings. A special protection scheme is finally formulated based on the modified logic.
Non‐linear large‐signal stabiliser design for DC micro‐grids
Authors: Azimi Seyed Mohammad , Hamzeh Mohsen , Mohamed Yasser Abdel‐Rady I.
Published: December 2018

This study proposes a non‐linear stabiliser to suppress the current/voltage fluctuations of DC micro‐grids (DC‐MGs) caused by large transients. These transients typically occur following a reconfiguration of DC‐MGs, such as disconnection/reconnection of electrical sources, or rearrangement in the structure of DC‐MGs. In the DC‐MG under consideration, a number of the DC sources are implemented in the form of hybrid power conversion systems (HPCSs) consisting of a parallel combination of a super‐capacitor (SC), a fuel cell and a photovoltaic (PV) system. Due to the fast dynamics of the SC units, the stabilisation function of the DC‐MG during transients is performed by these units using a supplementary signal provided by the stabiliser. The proposed stabiliser is intended to operate in a decentralised manner. To this end, a novel Lyapunov function is proposed to adjust the stabiliser parameters based on local data relevant to each HPCS. The control scheme employed is based on a simple structure facilitating the implementation of the proposed stabiliser. Finally, time‐domain simulations are carried out demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed control framework in a multisource DC‐MG.
Localisation of insulator strings' images based on colour filtering and texture matching
Authors: Li Huang , Qiao Qin
Published: December 2018

With the development of image processing technology and the improvement of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) manufacture, it has been becoming a hot research topic to inspect the transmission line's failure. Here, a method of locating the area of insulator strings in the aerial image captured by UAV system is been introduced. At first, the aerial image is converted to HSV colour space model, and the components of H and S are filtered to segment the insulator strings and background areas. Considering some background areas have the similar colour with the insulator string, the result of segmentation will contain some background areas. Then, the image of result is divided into small pieces with non‐overlapping windows. The information of texture on each window is used to remove the remaining background area. The outline of the insulator strings in the image can be obtained. It is easily to detect the edge of the insulator string and locate the area of the insulator string using the outline image. At last, some insulator string images have been used to illustrate the processing of the method. Compared with the method using RGB colour space model, the results of method here is effective and reliable.
The X-shooter GRB afterglow legacy sample (XS-GRB)
Authors: Selsing J. , Malesani D. , Goldoni P. , Fynbo J. P. U. , Krühler T. , Antonelli L. A. , Arabsalmani M. , Bolmer J. , Cano Z. , Christensen L. , Covino S. , D’Avanzo P. , D’Elia V. , De Cia A. , de Ugarte Postigo A. , Flores H. , Friis M. , Gomboc A. , Greiner J. , Groot P. , Hammer F. , Hartoog O. E. , Heintz K. E. , Hjorth J. , Jakobsson P. , Japelj J. , Kann D. A. , Kaper L. , Ledoux C. , Leloudas G. , Levan A. J. , Maiorano E. , Melandri A. , Milvang-Jensen B. , Palazzi E. , Palmerio J. T. , Perley D. A. , Pian E. , Piranomonte S. , Pugliese G. , Sánchez-Ramírez R. , Savaglio S. , Schady P. , Schulze S. , Sollerman J. , Sparre M. , Tagliaferri G. , Tanvir N. R. , Thöne C. C. , Vergani S. D. , Vreeswijk P. , Watson D. , Wiersema K. , Wijers R. , Xu D. , Zafar T.
Published: December 2018

In this work we present spectra of all γ-ray burst (GRB) afterglows that have been promptly observed with the X-shooter spectrograph until 31/03/2017. In total, we have obtained spectroscopic observations of 103 individual GRBs observed within 48 hours of the GRB trigger. Redshifts have been measured for 97 per cent of these, covering a redshift range from 0.059 to 7.84. Based on a set of observational selection criteria that minimise biases with regards to intrinsic properties of the GRBs, the follow-up effort has been focused on producing a homogeneously selected sample of 93 afterglow spectra for GRBs discovered by the Swift satellite. We here provide a public release of all the reduced spectra, including continuum estimates and telluric absorption corrections. For completeness, we also provide reductions for the 18 late-time observations of the underlying host galaxies. We provide an assessment of the degree of completeness with respect to the parent GRB population, in terms of the X-ray properties of the bursts in the sample and find that the sample presented here is representative of the full Swift sample. We have constrained the fraction of dark bursts to be <28 per cent and confirm previous results that higher optical darkness is correlated with increased X-ray absorption. For the 42 bursts for which it is possible, we have provided a measurement of the neutral hydrogen column density, increasing the total number of published HI column density measurements by ∼33 per cent. This dataset provides a unique resource to study the ISM across cosmic time, from the local progenitor surroundings to the intervening Universe.
Observability of hydrogen-rich exospheres in Earth-like exoplanets
Authors: dos Santos Leonardo A. , Bourrier Vincent , Ehrenreich David , Kameda Shingo
Published: December 2018

Context. The existence of an extended neutral hydrogen exosphere around small planets can be used as evidence of the presence of water in their lower atmosphere, but, to date, such a feature has not been securely detected in rocky exoplanets. Planetary exospheres can be observed using transit spectroscopy of the Lyman-α line, which is limited mainly by interstellar medium absorption in the core of the line, and airglow contamination from the geocorona when using low-orbit space telescopes.

Aims. Our objective is to assess the detectability of the neutral hydrogen exosphere of an Earth-like planet transiting a nearby M dwarf using Lyman-α spectroscopy and provide the necessary strategies to inform future observations.

Methods. Our tests require spatial and velocity information of the neutral hydrogen particles in the upper atmosphere. The spatial distribution is provided by an empirical model of the geocorona, and we assume a velocity distribution based on radiative pressure as the main driver in shaping the exosphere. We compute the excess absorption in the stellar Lyman-α line while in transit, and use realistic estimates of the uncertainties involved in observations to determine the observability of the signal.

Results. We found that the signal in Lyman-α of the exosphere of an Earth-like exoplanet transiting M dwarfs with radii between 0.1 and 0.6 R⊙ produces an excess absorption between 50 and 600 ppm. The Lyman-α flux of stars decays exponentially with distance because of interstellar medium absorption, which is the main observability limitation. Other limits are related to the stellar radial velocity and instrumental setup.

Conclusions. The excess absorption in Lyman-α is observable using LUVOIR/LUMOS in M dwarfs up to a distance of ~15 pc. The analysis of noise-injected data suggests that it would be possible to detect the exosphere of an Earth-like planet transiting TRAPPIST-1 within 20 transits.
Isochronal age-mass discrepancy of young stars: SCExAO/CHARIS integral field spectroscopy of the HIP 79124 triple system
Authors: Asensio-Torres Ruben , Currie Thayne , Janson Markus , Desidera Silvano , Kuzuhara Masayuki , Hodapp Klaus , Brandt Timothy D. , Guyon Olivier , Lozi Julien , Groff Tyler , Kasdin Jeremy , Chilcote Jeffrey , Jovanovic Nemanja , Martinache Frantz , Sitko Michael , Serabyn Eugene , Wagner Kevin , Akiyama Eiji , Kwon Jungmi , Uyama Taichi , Yang Yi , Nakagawa Takao , Hayashi Masahiko , McElwain Michael , Kudo Tomoyuki , Henning Thomas , Tamura Motohide
Published: December 2018

We present SCExAO/CHARIS 1.1–2.4 μm integral field direct spectroscopy of the young HIP 79124 triple system. HIP 79124 is a member of the Scorpius-Centaurus association, consisting of an A0V primary with two low-mass companions at a projected separation of < 1″. Thanks to the high quality wavefront corrections provided by SCExAO, both companions are decisively detected without the employment of any PSF-subtraction algorithm to eliminate quasi-static noise. The spectrum of the outer C object is very well matched by Upper Scorpius M4 ± 0.5 standard spectra, with a Teff = 2945 ± 100 K and a mass of ∼350 MJup. HIP 79124 B is detected at a separation of only 180 mas in a highly-correlated noise regime, and it falls in the spectral range M6 ± 0.5 with Teff = 2840 ± 190 K and ∼100 MJup. Previous studies of stellar populations in Sco-Cen have highlighted a discrepancy in isochronal ages between the lower-mass and higher-mass populations. This could be explained either by an age spread in the region, or by conventional isochronal models failing to reproduce the evolution of low-mass stars. The HIP 79124 system should be coeval, and therefore it provides an ideal laboratory to test these scenarios. We place the three components in a color–magnitude diagram and find that the models predict a younger age for the two low-mass companions (∼3 Myr) than for the primary star (∼6 Myr). These results imply that the omission of magnetic effects in conventional isochronal models inhibit them from reproducing early low-mass stellar evolution, which is further supported by the fact that new models that include such effects provide more consistent ages in the HIP 79124 system.
People’s Electricity Program For Solving Overload Domestic Waste Issue By Converting Trash To Energy Utilizing Bio-Digester Method
Authors: Hariyati Rinna , Pujotomo Isworo
Published: December 2018

Big Rubbish has always been an issue to most major cities in Indonesia. The need to solve, handling and reducing tons of waste has become very urgent. One of the solution is People’s Electricity Program. The Idea is by converting domestic waste to energy in efficient, affordable and eco-friendly ways. The research started in Pondok Kopi RW 10, East Jakarta, converting domestic waste using bio-digester method, and thus experiments succeed turn the trash to compost leachate that can be use as fertilizer as well as forage ingredient. In this article, authors will focus on the detail of An-aerobic Digester known also as bio-digester method which is an alternative technology in The People’s Electricity Program to manage waste, converting it as energy. While researching and developing for People’s Electricity Program, The idea to create briquettes from waste came up. This waste-briquettes is being tested and checked in laboratory where its eventually having calorie level closed to coal’s calorie level. By using the bio-digester method on People’s Electricity Program, the waste-to-energy conversion can be built any where and become a solution to waste management, reducing the amount of junk while giving value provide an energy source for community.
Optimization of Biogas Production by Solid State Anaerobic Digestion (SS-AD) Method from Water Hyacinth with Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Nugraha Winardi Dwi , Syafrudin  , Senduk Aurelia Teresa , Matin Hashfi Hawali Abdul , Budiyono
Published: December 2018

Water hyacinth is one of the rapid growth rate water weed in Rawapening Lake. Water hyacinth contains high hemicellulose which can be used for biogas production. This.,research aims to.,know.,the optimum value of total.,solid (TS), C/N.,ratio and microbial consortium for the biogas production with SS-AD from water hyacinth. The variations used for TS are 15%, 27.5%, and 40%, for C/N ratio are 20, 35, and 50, for microbial consortium are 3%, 6%, 9%. Sixteen reactors of 2 litres volume used with the variations inside are determined by Central Composite Design in Statistica software. Results of the biogas production are then analysed using Response Surface Methodology for optimization. Based on the analysis, the optimum value of TS is in the range of 5%-10%, value of C/N ratio is 32.09, and microbial consortium is 7.26%. Reactor 10 with the TS 5.45%, C/N ratio 35, and microbial consortium 6% has the closest value to the optimum value. The production rate of reactor 10 then analysed using Polymath 6.0. The constant kinetics rate of biogas (U) production rate is 1.88mL/g TS day; maximum biogas production is 108.41 mL/g TS; the minimum.,time to form the biogas is 8.87 days.
Relationship between Environmental Damage and Corruption Cases in Indonesia
Authors: Muslihudin Muslihudin , Hendarto Eko , Rostikawati Rin , Windiasih Rili , Wulan Tyas Retno
Published: December 2018

Environment and corruption are two very popular concepts in the last few decades. Both reflect on the negative side in society. Environmental issues are becoming popular because of many environmental problems that arise not only locally, regionally or nationally but also in the international level. Likewise, corruption is widely discussed and demonstrated especially in Indonesia since the reform era, 1998. The relationship between environment and corruption is more of a causal relationship, where the environment plays a role, while corruption is the cause. The form of corruption that causes environmental damage is; 1) granting permission from regional heads to entrepreneurs who are bribed, so that provisions in the licensing process are not considered properly; 2) corruption in the Amdal process, in which employers give bribes to the parties involved in the Amdal process; 3) corruption of illegal levies against entrepreneurs so that entrepreneurs make compensation calculations by way of externality of production costs to the environment, as a consequence of high costs borne by the entrepreneurs. Some examples of corruption cases show the corruption of a certain kind has made the environment a victim. The environmental aspect should be considered in the judicial process of corruption cases that have an impact on the environment, so the public's concern for the environment is getting stronger.
An overview of encouraging sustainable tourism in the coastal tourism of Karang Jahe beach: issues and challenges
Authors: Prasetyo Julita Budi , Muhammad Fuad , Sugianto Denny Nugroho
Published: December 2018

Sustainable tourism basically governs human and environmental relations based on the principles of sustainable development. Thus the critical challenge for policy-makers is how to ensure sustainability, quality and human and environmental issues in the tourism sector. Tourism Area of Karang Jahe Beach (KJB) according to Plan of Utilization of WP3K Spatial Allocation of Central Java Province is included in tourism zone. The growth of nature tourism in this area is quite rapid over the last three years with the typology of mass tourism. The growth of nature-based tourism activities encourages economic growth and the welfare of the people. But in its implementation, nature tourism activities become very susceptible to interference due to human intervention. Considering the ecosystem's richness in the coastal area, the economic potential and the complexity of tourism management in coastal areas, the planning of sustainable tourism development should be a serious concern of stakeholders, including coastal tourism in Karang Jahe Beach. The relevance of sustainable tourism development planning in Karang Jahe Beach can be seen from several issues 1 economic, 2 social, 3 environment and 4 legal. A Touristic Ecological Footprint can be used as an approach to assess the environmental carrying capacity and formulate a coastal tourism development strategy. Carrying capacity-based ecotourism development is expected to play an important role in realizing low carbon community development..
Determination Of Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu) of Coastal Urban Area of Semarang Indonesia
Authors: Almiqrh  , Abobakir Aymin , Hadiyanto
Published: December 2018

This research aimed to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) pollutants in coastal sediment, Semarang. This research would be conducted in 2017 with the location of sampling and water quality measurement conducted at Usman Janatin Street, Semarang. The sample analysis would be conducted at the Diponegoro University Integrated Laboratory. In this research was focused on deep and width. According to some previous studies such as study done by Mancuso and Green (2010) that stated the TAL metals analysis results gave a wide scope of the concentration of metals in coastal urban area. Based on the analysis and result, the conclusion as follows:There was relationship between levels of heavy metals and external environment. The relationship was positive, it means the higher levels of heavy metals, the external environment would be more polluted. The lower levels of heavy metals, the external environment would be low polluted. The internal levels of coastal sediment could be used as an index to infer the state of the environmet. This heavy metals determination tool couldbe used to support policy and decision-making.
Integrated Hydrodynamic and Oil Spill Modeling using OILMAP Software for Environment Protection of Oil Spill in Cilacap Regency
Authors: Tri Rezki Chiquita , Edhi Budhi Soesilo Tri , Herdiansyah Herdis , Syahnoedi Udi
Published: December 2018

Environmental impact due to oil spill comes from several activities such as oil and gas business unit, port facilities, and shipping line. Cilacap regency as one of the areas with high marine productivity in Indonesia has a history of oil spill incident during 2000-2018. One of the information needed in determining the oil spill response strategy to minimize the environmental impact of the oil spill in Cilacap regency is the prediction of oil spill movement. The purpose of this paper is to predict the oil spill movement in Cilacap regency. A lot of studies had been conducted on the oil spill, but there is still lacking further study that integrating Geographic Information System (GIS), hydrodynamic and oil spill to identify the potential environmental impact of the oil spill and develop the response strategy. Method use of this paper is a quantitative method, integrated hydrodynamic and oil spill using OILMAP software. Data use of this paper is land water data, current data, wind data, and spill information. Results of this paper are in the northwest monsoon, the oil spill moves to east and northeast toward the Indian Ocean. Southeast monsoon, the oil spill moves to west and northwest toward the Segara Anakan Lagoon. This paper will contribute to realizing some oil and gas business unit, port facilities, and shipping industries to concerned about the impact of oil spill and do the sustainable business.
Mangrove Forest Development Determined For Ecotourism In Mangunharjo Village Semarang
Authors: Rahmila Yulizar Ihrami , Halim M. Arief Rahman
Published: December 2018

Mangrove forest which has a primary function to prevent abrasion, protection against wind, sea water intrusion prevention, and as an energy producer, in the last few years many have been converted to non-forest land, such as agriculture and fisheries. Therefore it is necessary for an attempt to save mangrove forests one of them is by developing environmental concept based mangrove forest ecotourism. This research aims to develop the potential ecotourism of mangrove forests in Mangunharjo Village, through mangrove condition and interest of the people in Mangunharjo. The methods used were vegetation analysis, ecotourism suitability analysis, interviews, observation, and literature studies. The results of the research shows that Mangunharjo Village mangrove forests have the potential of tourist sites such as fishing, boating and enjoying the natural beauty of the mangrove forest with an ecotourism suitability index of 74.36%. The potential of flora Mangrove Mangunharjo have low biodiversity as it is an artificial mangrove ecosystem, but has the potential of abundant bird diversity that can be done for birdwatching Perception of some of the community supports the tourist development of mangrove forests in Mangunharjo Village because there motivated to improve people's welfare. This research is expected to be an information material about the ecotourism which will be expected as a mangrove conservation management
Identification The Application of Water Conservation in Hotel
Authors: Pharmawati Kancitra , Hidayatullah Dhuhri , Wirasakti Priyadi
Published: December 2018

Water conservation aspect is a part of Green Building concept. In addition, to save more first clean water consumption, The X Hotel applied water conservation aspect, which are the WAC 3 (Water Recycling), WAC 4 (Alternative Water Resources), and the WAC 5 (Rainwater Harvesting) (GBCI, 2013). The plumbing installation system with water conservation aspects at X Hotel aims to distribute first class clean water, dispose of the wastewater to a treatment site with appropriate water requirements refers to SNI 03-7065-2005 X Hotel required 114,640 m3/day of first class clean water, and 91,71 m3/day of the total wastewater discharge, includes 18,35 m3/day of black water and 73,36 m3/day of gray water. The X Hotel has additional alternative sources of water condensate from air conditioner (AC) about 44,16 m3/day and 52,53 m3 of rainwater, that can be used for water closet and urinal flushing in the public area at the Hotel, after through the anaerobic – aerobic biofilter STP (Sewerage Treatment Plant) and membrane filtration unit. After the calculation, water conservation aspects application can reduce first class clean water needs with an efficiency around 10%.