bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRITICAL POINTS ON ANTHROPOLOGICAL IDEAS IN YUVAL NOAH HARARI’S WRITINGS
Authors: BĂLĂNEAN Cristian
Published: February 2021

Punti critici sulle idee antropologiche negli scritti di Yuval Noah Harari. L’articolo si propone di opporre critiche specifiche, di natura prevalentemente filosofica, sulle idee antropologiche degli scritti del famoso storico e pensatore contemporaneo, Yuval Noah Harari, dopo un tentativo analitico multidimensionale di comprendere la sua popolarità e l’enorme successo mediatico del suo primo libro Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind, diventato un bestseller internazionale e attraversato da una serie d’influenze di idee classiche. Andando, soprattutto, sulla linea dell’intertestualità, questa lettura critica delle concezioni di Harari circa l’essenza dell’essere umano si basa sull’esistenza di incongruenze categoriche negli approcci bio-psico-sociali, raddoppiate dall’assolutizzazione dell’uso del criterio scientifico (materialista) nella spiegazione dell’umano, suscettibili di creare una serie di vulnerabilità epistemologiche nella descrizione della natura ontologica immanente del sapiens. 
REZUMAT: Puncte critice privind ideile antropologice din scrierile lui Yuval Noah Harari. Articolul își propune realizarea unor critici punctuale, de factură preponderent filosofică, privind ideile antropologice din scrierile celebrului istoric și gânditor contemporan Yuval Noah Harari, după o încercare analitică pluridimensională de înțelegere a popularității sale și a uriașului succes mediatic al primei sale cărți Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind, devenită bestseller internațional, străbătută de o serie de influxuri ideatice clasice. Mergând, mai ales, pe filiera intertextualității, această lectură critică a concepțiilor harariene despre esența identitară a ființei umane se sprijină pe existența unor inconsecvențe categoriale în abordările bio-psiho-sociale, dublate de absolutizarea utilizării criteriului științific (materialist) în explicarea umanului, susceptibile de a crea serioase vulnerabilități epistemologice în descrierea naturii ontologice imanente a lui sapiens.
Cuvinte-cheie: sapiens, istorie, antropologic, uman, biologic, materialist, suflet, epistemologic, ontologic, determinism.
L’APARIZIONE E LA DIFFUSIONE DEL CRISTIANESIMO A ROMA
Authors: DUȘE Călin Ioan
Published: February 2021

The Beginning and Spread of Christianity in Rome. Christianity was preached in Rome since its very beginning. Among those who were baptised on the Day of Pentecost in Jerusalem there were some citizens of Rome. These were some of the Roman Jews, who has thirteen synagogues in the capital of the Empire, but there were also some of the pagans living in Rome. They were the first preachers of Christianity in Rome, who managed to lay the foundation of the Church from the capital of the Empire. A great number of the seventy Apostles of Jesus Christ came and preached Christianity in Rome. Their activity was intense and fruitful because in 57 or 58 A.D when Saint Apostle Paul wrote in Corinth the Epistle to the Romans, he is happy about the christians from the church of Rome: “First, I want to thank my God through Jesus Christ for you all, because your faith is being proclaimed throughout the whole world. For God is my witness.” Rom.5,8. Christianity in Rome spread even more with the arrival of the Saints Apostles Peter and Paul. They consolidated and organized the Church from the Capital of the Empire and so, through their arrival, Christianity moved from Jerusalem to Rome.
REZUMAT: Apariția și răspândirea creștinismului la Roma. Creștinismul a fost propovăduit la Roma încă de la apariția sa. Printre cei care s-au botezat în ziua Cincizecimii, la Ierusalim și au primit botezul creștin s-au numărat și unii locuitori din Roma. Aceștia au fost dintre evreii romani, care aveau în Capitala Imperiului treisprezece sinagogi, dar și dintre păgânii care locuiau în Roma. Ei au fost primii propovăduitori ai creștinismului la Roma, cei care au reușit să pună piatra de temelie a Bisericii din Capitala Imperiului. Dintre cei șaptezeci de Apostoli ai Mântuitorului Isus Hristos, o mare parte dintre ei au venit și au răspândit creștinismul la Roma. Aceștia au desfășurat aici o intensă și rodnică activitate de propovăduire a creștinismului, pentru că în anul 57 sau 58 d.Hr. când Sfântul Apostol Pavel scrie de la Corint Epistola către Romani, el se bucură de trăirea creștinilor din Biserica Romei: ,,Mai întâi prin Isus Hristos Îi mulțumesc Dumnezeului meu pentru voi toți; căci credința voastră se vestește în toată lumea; martor îmi este Dumnezeu.” Rom. 5, 8. Creștinismul la Roma s-a răspândit și s-a dezvoltat și mai mult odată cu venirea Sfinților Apostoli Petru și Pavel. Ei au consolidat și au organizat Biserica din Capitala Imperiului, astfel că prin venirea lor aici, centrul creștinismului s-a mutat de la Ierusalim la Roma.
Cuvinte cheie: Isus Hristos, Petru, Pavel, Biserică, creștinism, apostoli, Evanghelie, Roma
La esperanza: una vivencia entrelazada en el dolor
Authors: Chávez Báez Román Alejandro
Published: February 2021

El objetivo central del presente artículo es la elaboración y el desarrollo de un argumento que tenga la finalidad de mostrar la posibilidad de que ciertas vivencias dolorosas puedan fungir como una base sobre la que la esperanza, una emoción moral, pueda erguirse. Para cumplir dicho fin considero necesario explicar en que sentido las emociones morales se distinguen de cualquier otro tipo de emoción, para posteriormente mostrar que a pesar de que el dolor no pueda ser considerado por sí mismo como una emoción moral; no será posible extrapolar esta afirmación para negar una posible participación del dolor en estas. El quid de la cuestión será que el dolor, al intervenir la normalidad con la que el sujeto vive su vida, logra dislocar la confianza que se tiene el mundo, dando paso a una desesperación que abre un nexo interpersonal con el otro, característica esencial para hablar de una emoción moral. El nexo entre la esperanza y el dolor corresponderá a la aceptación de la propia finitud de la voluntad del ser humano en sus propias acciones para alterar de forma notoria la situación en la que se encuentra.
“No sería yo”: Implicaciones del discurso citado en la sombra del caudillo
Authors: Blancas Blancas Noé
Published: February 2021

La inserción de un discurso ajeno, sea un relato o una palabra, en el discurso propio, por parte de un personaje literario, tiene importantes implicaciones de sentido tanto en el discurso citador como en el citado; pero este acto de citación influye también en el hablante o locutor y en su interlocutor. Estos fenómenos se pueden observar en La sombra del caudillo, cuando Aguirre intenta, fallidamente, convencer al Presidente –el Caudillo, su amigo y protector–, de que no tiene interés en la sucesión presidencial. Uno y otro citan discursos ajenos o pretéritos, que terminan definiendo el destino trágico de Aguirre. En este artículo se realiza un análisis narratológico para establecer las implicaciones del discurso incorporado, tanto el plano discursivo como en el plano actancial.
Del realismo filosófico a la pedagogía realista
Authors: Cabello Gil José Antonio
Published: February 2021

Dado que detrás de toda pedagogía hay una epistemología y una metafísica, esta nota crítica presenta el argumento de que los rasgos característicos de las pedagogías activas se identifican con una filosofía idealista, que privilegia el pensamiento, la actividad inmanente, así como el desarrollo de habilidades (genéricas, cognitivas y socioemocionales), mientras que una pedagogía realista se basa en el realismo filosófico, que parte del conocimiento de la realidad, así como de la capacidad de la persona para conocerla. Esta nota crítica argumenta a favor de la pedagogía realista como aquella en la que la persona puede conocer la realidad, acceder a la verdad y trascender.
Design and Characterization of New Dinuclear Macrocyclic Dithiocarbamate Complexes by the Preparation of a Free Ligand Derived from Isopropylamine
Authors: Al-Mohammadi Noor Al-Huda A.H , Al-Fahdawi Aeed S.M , Al-Janabi Sattar S.I
Published: February 2021

The synthesis and structural characterization of new dithiocarbamate (DTC) ligand and some of its dinuclear transition metal complexes are described. The free dithiocarbamate ligand was prepared through several synthetic routes, including Schiff-base formation. The reaction of 2-aminopropane with terephthaldehyde leads to the formation of Schiff_base which is reduced by methanolic NaBH4 to the corresponding secondary diamine. Diamine( N,N'_ (1,4 phenylenebis (methylene)) bis(propan-2 amine))  reacts with (CS2) in a basic solution of (KOH) to provide the corresponding bis(dithiocarbamate) free_ligand, which undergoes complexation with the appropriate metal   (II) chloride to constitute macrocyclic complexes. Characterization of the ligand and its complexes was achieved by FTIR, UV-Vis, melting points, conductance, magnetic susceptibility, and 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy. The analytical and spectroscopic data were employed to obtain the suggested geometries around metal centres. These studies revealed the formation of dinuclear macrocyclic complexes of the general formula [M(L)]2 (where M= Mn(II) , Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II)  and Zn(II)), with tetrahedral. geometries for Mn(II) , Fe(II), Co(II) and Zn(II),  and square. planar geometry with Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes.
Leczenie bólu u chorych po zabiegach operacyjnych w znieczuleniu ogólnym i przewodowym
Authors: Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska Wioletta , Piotrkowska Renata , Jarzynkowski Piotr , Kwiecień-Jaguś Katarzyna , Pędziwiatr Adrianna
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Postoperative pain induced by surgical tissue damage is the most common type of acute pain that we encounter in medical and nursing practice. Patients undergoing surgical procedures are exposed to postoperative pain, which determines their quality of life. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the need for analgesics in patients after surgical procedures performed under general and ductal anesthesia. Material and methods. The study involved 100 patients operated on for oncological reasons. The study used the method of diagnostic survey and the method of analysis of medical documentation. The research tool was the author’s questionnaire. The statistical calculations were performed using the SPSS 20 statistical package and the Microsoft Excel 2010 spreadsheet. In all calculations, p < 0.05 was assumed as the level of significance. Results. The analysis of the studies showed differences between the duration of the surgery and the analgesics administered, such as: morphine χ2 = 6.047; p < 0.049, bupivacaine χ2 = 24.436; p = 0.000 and sufentanil χ2 = 21.571; p = 0.000. It has been shown that after surgical procedures lasting over 3 hours, the patients’ need for painkillers is greater than after treatments lasting in the time interval of 1-2 hours. The research proved that the patients’ demand for analgesics is the highest on the first and second day after surgery. Conclusions. The need for analgesics in patients after surgery is the smallest on the third day after surgery. The highest demand for analgesics administered in continuous infusion into the epidural space occurs in patients qualified for the IV treatment category. The duration of the surgery significantly determines the need for analgesics. Age and gender do not significantly affect the need for analgesics.
Produkty pszczele w pielęgnacji skóry
Authors: Kopczyńska Dominika , Klasik-Ciszewska Sylwia , Duda-Grychtoł Katarzyna
Published: February 2021

Bee products were already used in ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome. They were used not only as food, improving taste and consistency, but also as medicinal preparations. Skin care with honey was very well known to Cleopatra. Honey is a source of active substances with rejuvenating, anti-wrinkle and nutritional effects. Today we know there are many more uses of bee products than ever before. The most common in natural medicine and cosmetology are honey, beeswax, bee pollen, royal jelly, propolis and bee venom, which is compared to the currently used botox. Due to its rich chemical composition, these honey products are widely used in both natural medicine and cosmetology. They can be an excellent drug as well as a cosmetic. They are used for the production of cosmetics for every kind of skin and body parts. They are used in home care as well in the beauty salons. Unfortunately, their use is also subject to certain risks of side effects, allergies, and there are contraindications to their use.
Obowiązujące i projektowane metody leczenia zaparć będących efektem ubocznym terapii bólu opioidami
Authors: Różycki Krzysztof , Rapacz Jacek , Fichna Jakub , Kosson Piotr
Published: February 2021

Pain is a serious problem for many patients. Frequently one needs to resort to strong medications to alleviate it. More often than not, however, this leads to further setbacks for the patient. Thus, constipation is reported in the majority of patients who take opioids as analgesics, which may likely herald additional health complications. Consequently, on numerous occasions patients make a decision to reduce the dose of the prescribed opiod, the resulting increase in pain level notwithstanding. The paper offers a thorough review of the currently available traditional and pharmacological methods of treating opiod-related constipations. Present-day research results in the area of innovative medications are also presented, including the PAMORA group, which unlike the previously employed drugs, are unable to interact with the central nervous system. Thanks to a new molecular design they do not have the means to penetrate the intestinal barrier and do not interfere with the pain-relief effects of morphine. Unfortunately, there is a shortage of effective implementation in this area for oncological patients, as current solutions tend to favour non-cancerous pain. The search for new medications in this group is under way.
Terapie z udziałem zwierząt w leczeniu i rehabilitacji chorych i niepełnosprawnych
Authors: Giermaziak Wojciech , Fryzowska-Chrobot Iwona
Published: February 2021

Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) – supports rehabilitation as well as therapy and care of patients by their contact with an animal. Fondling and hugging animals lead to endocrine system’s stimulation and producing endogenous substances, that relieve pain and influence patient’s well-being; it reduces stress levels because the cortisol and noradrenaline release – the hormones produced by the body in stress – is being reduced and the patient’s immune system is being stimulated. It has been proven that the company of animals hasten the recovery after a disease, calms stressed, hyperactive people and at the same time stimulates the activity of a person suffering from depression or apathy. In Poland the most popular is dog-assisted therapy, hippotherapy (horse-assisted therapy) and felinotherapy (cat-assisted therapy). In the world onotherapy (donkey or mule-assisted therapy) and dolphin therapy are known. In the article animal assisted therapies were discussed, showing the role that they play in treatment and rehabilitation of sick and disabled.
Hipoterapia w czasie pobytów zooterapeutycznych w Centrum Zooterapii Wyższej Szkoły Informatyki i Zarządzania w Kielnarowej
Authors: Sawaryn Daria , Grzywacz Renata
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Animal therapy is a type of rehabilitation with the participation of appropriately prepared animals. Animal therapy – therapy with the horse, is a method of animal therapy based on the psycho-physical activity both children and adults. Aim. The aim of the study is to show the hippo therapy, carried out during the routine stays in in the center of animal therapy in University of Technology and Management in Kielnarowa. The author presents his observations, a description of the cases and work experience as animal therapist. Material and methods. Material research and observation are based on patients staying for 1 week of camp in the center of animal therapy in University of Technology and Management in Kielnarowa and animal therapy classes, including hippo therapy. Hippotherapy took place as the first activity and it was the start for each patient. Therapeutic program was laid after examining the history of children and after the interview with parents. After each session, animal therapist ran a descriptive documentation and photography, according to earlier agreement from the parents of children for publication of the image. Results. The patients who use hippotherapy intensively and systematically, motor function, improvement of emotional state and social functioning are observed. Conclusions. 1. Animal therapy stays allow for observations of both patients in continuous mode what animals for therapy and make it possible to improve therapeutic workshop. 2. Hippotherapy is a comprehensive therapeutic method in animal therapy.
Objawy oczne w przebiegu chorób tarczycy
Authors: Wójtowiec Paweł , Wójtowiec Anna , Tomkalski Tomasz
Published: February 2021

Thyroid-related ocular manifestations are typically associated with Graves’ disease. The cause of Graves’ ophthalmopathy is not fully understood but it is believed to be autoimmune in origin. The most important risk factors are smoking and age. Patient’s gender also plays a significant role: ophthalmopathy is more prevalent in women but men experience a more severe disease course. There are two forms of the disease: inflammatory with congestion and pain in the eyeballs and fibrotic stage with impaired eye movements and no signs of inflammation. The degree of severity of ocular lesions is determined by NO SPECS classification and activity coefficient of orbitopathy (Clinical Activity Score – CAS). Previous clinical trials have not produced satysfying answers to questions about effective treatment of orbitopathy. In order to obtain the desired results it is to first necessary to achieve euthyroidism. Treatment is usually continual and long-term. Regimens in various centers vary, depending on their experiences. Currently the most commonly used are steroid therapy, radiation therapy and surgical decompression of the eye sockets. Surgical treatment is, however, used infrequently.
Ocena wiedzy studentów kierunków medycznych na temat szczepień dla dzieci
Authors: Jachowska Kamila , Wójtowicz Joanna , Jackowska Teresa , Witkowska-Zimny Małgorzata
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Vaccinations are the most important element in the prevention of infectious diseases. Parents’ decisions about vaccinations, including especially non-obligatory (recommended) ones, are influenced by the knowledge and opinions provided by medical personnel. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of students of the medical university about vaccines for children, with special regard to recommended vaccinations. Material and methods. The study was conducted from January to April 2017 among 116 students of the Medical University of Warsaw. The research method used in the work was a diagnostic survey. The author’s questionnaire was used as a research tool. Results. Based on answers provided by the respondents, their attitude, knowledge and evaluation of information provided during university education on vaccination were analyzed with particular emphasis on vaccinations recommended for children. Classes conducted during studies and/or scientific literature according to respondents provide the most reliable knowledge about recommended vaccinations (59%). Respondents agreed that the knowledge provided in the course of vaccinations on recommended vaccinations is insufficient (85%) and this material should be broadened. The lack of providing the latest vaccination guidelines was statistically significantly more often declared in the direction of Nursing, while Midwifery students were the best-rated education group about vaccinations received during the course of studies and had the best knowledge about recommended vaccinations for children. Importantly, students declaring sufficient knowledge about vaccination and at the same time lack of trust in vaccination and reluctance to vaccinate their own children, answered incorrectly the questions regarding the recommended vaccinations. Conclusions. It is necessary to broaden education about vaccinations at medical studies so that medical doctors, nurses, and midwives can shape correct attitudes towards immunization in parents group. In the medical university course of education, particular attention should be paid to the need to update information in the field of vaccinology with the annual National Vaccination Programme and with the guidelines of National Consultants.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PADA UMKM DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG
Authors: Johan Robby
Published: February 2021

One of the main factors that cause problems in the activities of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in developing their businesses is the lack of ability to use accounting information. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of recent education, length of effort, business size and accounting knowledge on the use of accounting information. This research is expected to provide benefits for SMEs, the government and subsequent researchers.The population in this study was the number of MSMEs in Karawang Regency. By using a data collection method using a sampling area of ​​100 SME owners with an error rate of 10%. Data is collected by distributing questionnaires to SME owners. Technical analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis.In a partial test the results of the study indicate that accounting knowledge influences the use of accounting information, while the level of education, length of business and scale of business do not affect the use of accounting information. In simultaneous testing the results of the study showed that the level of education, length of effort, scale of business and accounting knowledge together influenced the use of accounting information.
Qualidade de vida e aspectos sociodemográficos de doentes renais crônicos
Authors: Da Silva Silas Alves , Da Silva Filipe Melo , Cavalcante Antônio Eduardo Osório , Oliveira Emanuel Thomaz de Aquino , De Matos Matheus Halex Ferreira , De Carvalho Anando Rodrigues , Baldoino Ana Christina de Sousa , Assis Lívia dos Santos Lopes , Dourado Giovanna de Oliveira Libório , Rodrigues Jailson Alberto
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Descrever a qualidade de vida e aspectos sociodemográficos de doentes renais crônicos em terapêutica hemodialítica em um município de médio porte do Nordeste Brasileiro. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado com 21 pacientes portadores de doença renal crônica submetidos à hemodiálise. Utilizou-se a versão curta do instrumento Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short Form, que avalia qualidade de vida. O Comitê de Ética e pesquisa aprovou a pesquisa com parecer nº 3.683.252. Resultados: Os mais acometidos pela doença são homens (p = 0,078); solteiros (p = 0,006); que ganham entre 1 - 3 salários mínimos (p = 0,011); aposentados (p = 0,011) e católicos (p = 0,003). Às médias dos escores: carga da doença renal (36,3), efeitos da doença renal na vida diária (40,0), o componente físico (39,5) e componente mental (45,1), espelham escore geral médio de qualidade de vida ruim. Porém, a dimensão de sintomas da doença renal (64,8) destaca escore moderado para qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Reforça-se que é preciso haver conhecimento acerca do universo do paciente portador da doença renal crônica, assim, podem ser promovidas mudanças, como maior participação dos familiares e maior atenção da equipe no cuidado dos usuários.
Enfermeiros de urgência e emergência no atendimento à pacientes com transtornos psiquiátricos
Authors: Da Silva Diorges Boone , Do Carmo Antonia Eide de Souza , De Oliveira Edney Bentes , Rodrigues Emelly Cristina Silva , Bezerra Glória Evelly Nogueira , Castro Pablo da Conceição
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Descrever a atuação dos profissionais de enfermagem em urgência e emergência nos atendimentos a pacientes com transtornos psiquiátricos. Métodos: Estudo de revisão integrativa. A pesquisa foi concretizada por meio da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando critérios de inclusão e exclusão das publicações, selecionando artigos através dos Descritores em Saúde (DeCS) publicados a partir do ano de 2015. Resultados: Foram encontrados um total de 2.592 achados, destes, 20 atenderam aos critérios elencados para os resultados. Após a análise, escolheu-se duas categorias com 10 artigos cada, sendo a primeira: Os procedimentos de enfermagem no atendimento inicial dos pacientes com transtornos mentais, e a segunda categoria: A formação e a experiência profissional. Considerações finais: Os transtornos psiquiátricos são bastante prevalentes, e as situações de emergências psiquiátricas são rotineiras. Portanto, a equipe de enfermagem que compõem este departamento precisa compreender o processo dos transtornos mentais e como atuar em diferentes circunstâncias, além da prática é relevante todo conhecimento teórico que possa ser instituída por meio de educação permanente.
Obesidade na adolescência: um problema de Saúde Pública
Authors: Guimarães Lais Vanessa dos Santos , Ramos Mariane Araújo , Souza Maurício José Cordeiro , Moreira Dirley Cardoso , Da Silva José Luiz Picanço , Menezes Rubens Alex de Oliveira
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Analisar evidências científicas relacionadas à obesidade na adolescência. E como objetivos específicos: identificar os principais fatores relacionados com a obesidade e identificar os benefícios dos cuidados de enfermagem na prevenção da obesidade na adolescência. Métodos: Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura para análise da produção do conhecimento científico sobre o tema investigado, a presente pesquisa será do tipo de caráter qualitativo. Utilizados como filtro a base de dados: MEDLINE, LILACS e BDENF. Resultados: Nesta revisão foram analisados 07 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão previamente estabelecidos. Os artigos abordam sobre os hábitos alimentares não saudáveis com estilo de vida inadequado, associada aos fatores genéticos e ambientais, que influenciam na vida de adolescentes sedentários com obesidade. Adicionalmente, os artigos enfatizam a problemática da obesidade na adolescência, tornando-se um problema de saúde pública, relacionada a vários riscos de doenças associadas, como diabetes e doenças cardiovasculares (DCV), bem como, neoplasias, problemas respiratórios, dermatológicos e ortopédicos decorrentes de fatores genéticos, ambientais e de estilo de vida inadequado. Considerações finais: A obesidade na adolescência, é um grande problema de saúde pública, sendo importante o conhecimento da história natural da doença e das comorbidades para permitir o diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento destas condições.
A relação médico-paciente frente à telemedicina
Authors: Leite Sílvia Cristina Marreiros de Carvalho , Leal Brunna Marcela Nunes , De Sousa Luciana Souza , Gomes Dara Maria Pontes , Dias Sâmela Victória dos Santos , Nery Marília Gabriela Dias , Aroso Deborah Ozima Mota , De Aguiar Matheus Luiz Santos , Beltrão Renata Paula Lima , Da Silva Augusto César Beltrão
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a influência da telemedicina na relação médico-paciente. Métodos: Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. As bases de dados utilizadas para a busca foram a PubMed e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). Os critérios de inclusão foram: Artigos científicos disponíveis na integra, publicados nos últimos dez anos (2010 a 2020), e pesquisa realizada com seres humanos, pesquisas com temática de acordo com os objetivos desse estudo. Os critérios de exclusão foram outras formas de publicação que não fossem artigos científicos completos, publicações com mais de dez anos (2010 a 2020), e pesquisas realizadas com animais ou in vitro. Resultados: Foram selecionados 12 artigos provenientes das bases SCIELO e PubMed, em sua maioria os estudos enfatizaram a telemedicina e a relação médico-paciente, e também a influência da telemedicina na assistência, uma vez que em meio a pandemia de Covid-19 os canais e mídias de saúde são cada vez mais utilizados Considerações finais: A telemedicina é uma ferramenta que contribui para a aproximação do médico com o paciente, especialmente em tempos de pandemia, como a da COVID-19, em que o contato físico social teve que ser restringido.
O atendimento odontológico em pacientes submetidos a radioterapia de cabeça e pescoço: revisão de literatura
Authors: Fernandes André da Silva , De Oliveira Brenna Cristiny Leite , Da Silva Lays Melyssa Costa , Ohse Diogo Henrique , Pimenta Yuri da Silva
Published: February 2021

Objetivo:  Mostrar através de uma revisão narrativa sobre a importância da atuação do cirurgião dentista no manejo de pacientes oncológicos para o melhor diagnóstico e adequação da cavidade oral, anterior ao início do tratamento, durante e posteriormente ao tratamento da radioterapia. Revisão Bibliográfica: A radioterapia é um tratamento não-seletivo e pode afetar tanto células neoplásicas (com alterações teciduais) como células saudáveis, o que a torna tóxica ao organismo. As alterações adversas causadas pela radioterapia em região de cabeça e pescoço observadas em pacientes que são submetidos ao tratamento antineoplásico são a mucosite oral, disgeusia, xerostomia, dermatite aguda, cárie por radiação e osteorradionecrose. Estas doenças levam à perda significativa da qualidade de vida do paciente. Logo, esta revisão pretende analisar e compreender a causa, prevenção e o tratamento das sequelas decorrentes da radioterapia. Considerações Finais: É fundamental o acompanhamento odontológico que anteceda o tratamento radioterápico como forma de prevenir e diminuir a incidência de complicações bucais e infecções oportunistas.
Mínima intervenção (MI) no tratamento da cárie profunda em dentística
Authors: De Azevedo Clécio Tenório , Ferreira Karla Hevilly Mendes de Andrade , De Mendonça Izabel Cristina Gomes
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Investigar, na literatura pertinente e baseada em evidências, os princípios da mínima intervenção e demonstrar em quais casos eles podem ser empregados na dentística. Revisão Bibliográfica: A filosofia da Mínima Intervenção (MI) no manejo da cárie não é uma novidade, há anos pesquisadores renomados demonstram que é possível prevenir e tratar a cárie dental com o domínio do conhecimento da sua etiologia e dos mecanismos de evolução. As condutas minimamente invasivas são vistas, até então, com suspeita pela grande maioria dos profissionais da Odontologia que, imbuídos dos melhores propósitos, ainda tratam as sequelas da cárie da forma tradicional, menos conservadora e propensa a procedimentos cada vez mais complexos. É difícil mudar dogmas que foram incorporados por décadas, visto que os conceitos da Odontologia predominantemente curativa, embora evidências mostrem o contrário, permanece sendo ensinadas nas universidades. Considerações Finais: Os estudos citados neste trabalho sustentam que é possível a manutenção de tecido cariado, em cáries profundas na dentição permanente, em casos onde a remoção completa do mesmo possa expor a polpa, comprometendo a vitalidade do dente.
DIFFERENTIATED PRESCRIPTION OF HEMOSTATIC DRUGS AT ACUTE MASSIVE BLOOD LOSS
Authors: Глотов М. , Биркун А. , Рябикина Е. , Самарин С. , Федосов М.
Published: February 2021

Острая массивная кровопотеря (ОМК) остается тяжелым осложнением с высокой летальностью. Центральное место в танатогенезе этого состояния занимают нарушения коагуляции. ДВС-синдром и дилюционная коагулопатия часто осложняют ОМК и приводят к развитию полиорганной недостаточности. В статье рассмотрены современные подходы к назначению гемостатических средств при ОМК, принятые на территории РФ. Базисными препаратами для лечения ОМК являются свежезамороженная плазма, тромбоцитный концентрат, криопреципитат, отдельные факторы свертывания крови, препараты кальция и транексамовая кислота. Правильное использование этих средств предполагает адекватный мониторинг коагуляции.

Acute massive blood loss (AMBL) remains to be a severe complication with high mortality rate. Coagulation disorders take central place in tanatogenesis of this condition. DIC-syndrome and dilutional coagulopathy are often complicated by AMBL and lead to development of multiple organ failure. This article presents current approaches that are accepted in Russian Federation of hemostatic drugs prescription in AMBL treatment. Fresh frozen plasma, platelet concentrate, cryoprecipitate, some clotting factors, calcium and tranexamic acid are basic drugs for AMBL treatment. Adequate coagulation monitoring is required for correct use of these drugs.
POLYCYTHEMIA VERA IN COMBINATION WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION: RISK OF THROMBOTIC COMPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Давыдкин И. , Ройтман Е. , Козлова Н. , Золотовская И. , Колесникова И.
Published: February 2021

Введение. Истинная полицитемия представляет (ИП) собой хронический миелопролиферативный лейкоз, который характеризуется гиперпролиферацией трех ростков кроветворения, развитием гиперволемии, повышением вязкости крови, нарушениями процессов микроциркуляции. Основной причиной инвалидизации и преждевременной смерти больных являются кардиоваскулярные осложнения, которые и определяют прогноз течения ИП.
Целью исследования явилось изучение риска развития тромботических осложнений у больных ИП в сочетании с артериальной гипертензией (АГ) на основе показателей, определяемых методом лазерной допплеровской флоуметрии (ЛДФ).
Материалы и методы. В исследование было включено 83 пациента с ИП, которые проходили обследование и лечение в отделениях гематологии Клиник ФГБОУ ВО «СамГМУ» МЗ РФ. Оценка нарушений процессов микроциркуляции проводилась методом ЛДФ на приборе «ЛАКК-ОП».
Результаты. Выявлена взаимосвязь определенных показателей, характеризующих изменения процессов микроциркуляции, с уровнем фактора Виллебранда, отражающего повреждение сосудистого эндотелия, а также с высоким риском развития тромботических осложнений у больных ИП в сочетании с АГ.
Заключение. Данные объективные показатели могут служить дополнительными дифференциально-диагностическими критериями при оценке риска развития тромботических осложнений у больных ИП в сочетании с АГ.

Introduction. Polycythemia vera (PV) is a chronic myeloproliferative leucosis that is characterized by hyperproliferation of three hematopoietic lineages, hypervolemia development, increasing of blood viscosity, microcirculation disorders. Cardiovascular complications that determine PV prognosis are the main cause of disability and timeless death of patients.
The aim of study was to investigate the risk of thrombotic complications development at patients with PV in combination with arterial hypertension (AH) on the basis of parameters determined by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF).
Materials and methods. The study included 83 patients with PV who were examined and treated in Hematology Department Clinics of SSMU. Microcirculatory disorders were assessed by LDF method on «LAKK-OP» device.
Results. We revealed the relationship between certain parameters that characterized microcirculation changes and von Willebrand factor level (that reflects vascular endothelium damage) and with high risk of thrombotic complications development at patients with PV in combination with AH.
Conclusion. These objective parameters can be the additional differential diagnostic criteria for risk assessment of thrombotic complications at patients with PV in combination with AH.
PECULIARITIES OF MICROCIRCULATION IN ATHLETES VERIFIED BY LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY
Authors: Павлов В. , Александрова Н. , Карандашов В. , Резепов А.
Published: February 2021

Введение. Одной из физиологических особенностей спортсмена, отличающей его от физически неактивных лиц, является уровень развития у него микроцикуляторного русла.
Цель работы: оценить возможности метода лазерной допплеровской флоуметрии (ЛДФ) для верификации особенностей микроциркуляции (МЦ) у спортсменов высокого класса.
Материалы и методы. Обследовано 24 футболиста (средний стаж занятий спортом — 15,80 ± 3,24 лет) и 24 человека, не занимающихся спортом. Определяли показатель МЦ при помощи метода ЛДФ и рассчитывали резерв капиллярного кровотока (РКК).
Результаты. У спортсменов высокого класса установлен высокий исходный показатель МЦ и умеренно повышенный РКК. Выявлено достоверно значимое различие в структуре типов МЦ у профессиональных спортсменов высокого класса в сравнении с физически неактивным населением.
Заключение. Спортсменов от физически неактивных лиц отличают высокий исходный показатель МЦ, больший разброс ее параметров и лишь небольшое превалирование РКК. Характерными маркерами периферического кровотока спортсмена являются гиперемический и спастический типы МЦ.

Introduction. Microcirculation (MC) state is one of physiological characteristics of athlete that differ him from physically inactive persons.
The aim of study: to assess the possibilities of laser Doppler fl owmetry (LDF) for verifi cation of MC peculiarities in high-class athletes.
Materials and methods. We examined 24 football players (average sports experience — 15,80 ± 3,24 years) and 24 non-athletes. By LDF method we determined MC index and calculated reserve of capillary blood fl ow (RCC).
Results. In high-class athletes we found high baseline MC index and moderately increased RCC. A significantly statistical difference in structure of MC types among professional high-class athletes was revealed in comparison with physically inactive population.
Conclusion. Athletes are diff ered from physically inactive persons by high baseline MC index, greater variation of MC parameters and slight prevalence of RCC. Hyperemic and spastic MC types are characteristic markers of peripheral blood flow in high-class athletes.
SIGNIFICANCE OF ANTIAGGREGANTS SPECIFICITY FOR CHOICE THERAPY FOR VASCULAR PATIENTS
Authors: Бурячковская Л. , Ломакин Н. , Сумароков А. , Доценко В.
Published: February 2021

В обзорной статье представлены современные данные о клинико-фармакологических особенностях трех современных антиагрегантных препаратов — клопидогрела (плавикс и его генерики), тикагрелора (брилинта) и прасугрела (эффиент). Рассмотрены особенности каждого из препаратов и показания к их назначению в различных клинических ситуациях.

This review presents modern data about clinical and pharmacological characteristics of three new antiaggregants — clopidogrel (Plavix and its generics), ticagrelor (Brilinta) and prasugrel (Effi ent). Peculiarities of every drug are discussed as well as indications for appointment in diff erent clinical cases.
HEMOSTASIS PATHOLOGY AND ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN HEPATITIS B: CURRENT STATUS
Authors: Гуляева И. , Пестренин Л. , Логунов А. , Булатова И.
Published: February 2021

Гепатит В представляет собой одну из актуальных социально-медицинских проблем здравоохранения во всем мире в связи с прогрессивным увеличением заболеваемости, инвалидизации и смертности. Изучение патогенеза этого заболевания и его осложнений остается важной задачей фундаментальной и клинической медицины.
В статье представлен обзор литературы по вопросам гемостаза и эндотелиальной дисфункции при гепатите B. Приводятся доказательства и описание характера нарушений сосудисто-тромбоцитарного и коагуляционного звеньев гемостаза. Установлена зависимость выраженности патологии гемостаза от тяжести поражения печени. Для легкого течения инфекции характерны тромбоцитопения и активация коагуляционного звена, в то время как при более тяжелом течении наблюдается неустойчивое равновесие системы гемостаза с возможностью перехода как в гипокоагуляцию, так и в гиперкоагуляцию.
Наиболее изученным маркером эндотелиальной дисфункции при гепатите B является оксид азота. Повышение его содержания в крови соответственно тяжести заболевания доказано в нескольких исследованиях. Уровни васкуло-эндотелиального фактора роста и эндотелина-1 также увеличивались.
Предложено применение допплерографии и допплерофлоуметрии для оценки выраженности дисфункции эндотелия при гепатите B. Дальнейшее изучение эндотелиальной дисфункции и состояния системы гемостаза при гепатите В представляется актуальным и необходимым.

Hepatitis B is one of the actual socio-medical healthcare problems all over the world due to progressive increasing of morbidity, disability and mortality. The study of pathogenesis and complications of this disease remains an important problem of fundamental and clinical medicine.
Literature review about hemostasis and endothelial dysfunction at hepatitis B is presented. Evidences and description of vascular-platelet and coagulative hemostasis disturbances are reported. Correlation between manifestation of hemostasis pathology and severity of liver damage was determined. Mild form of infection is characterized by thrombocytopenia and activation of coagulation. In more severe cases unstable hemostasis balance can pass both in hypocoagulation and in hypercoagulation.
Nitric oxide is the most studied marker of endothelial dysfunction in hepatitis B. Several studies proved the increasing of its blood content respectively disease severity. Levels of vasculo-endothelial growth factor and endothelin-1 also increased. To assess the severity of endothelial dysfunction in hepatitis B the application of Dopplerography and Doppler flowmetry is proposed. Further study of endothelial dysfunction and hemostasis in hepatitis B is necessary and actual.
HEMOSTASIS AND ASPIRIN RESISTANCE AT PROGRESSIVE ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF HEAD MAIN ARTERIES
Authors: Танашян М. , Раскуражев А. , Шабалина А. , Абаимов Д. , Костырева М.
Published: February 2021

Введение. Прогрессирование атеросклеротического процесса в системе внутренней сонной артерии (ВСА) часто сопровождается развитием острых церебральных эпизодов и происходит на фоне стойкого ухудшения гемореологических и гемостазиологических показателей, несмотря на регулярный прием антиагрегантных препаратов.
Цель исследования: оценка вклада ряда гемореологических и гемостазиологических параметров в прогрессирование атеросклероза сонных артерий и развитие аспиринорезистентности, в том числе с учетом фармакокинетики салициловой и ацетилсалициловой кислоты (АСК) у пациентов с атеросклерозом на фоне постоянного приема препаратов АСК.
Материалы и методы. Обследовано 93 пациента с атеросклеротическим поражением ВСА и 50 практически здоровых добровольцев. Обследование проводилось до начала терапии и по истечении не менее чем шестимесячного регулярного лечения (препараты АСК в дозе 100 мг/сутки). Средний период наблюдения составил 10,1±3,5 месяцев.
Результаты. Выявление у пациентов с церебральным атеросклерозом склонности к повышенному тромбообразованию имеет важное прогностическое значение при подборе лекарственных средств, направленных на снижение тромбогенного потенциала крови и достижение стойкого антитромботического эффекта.
Заключение. Разработанный подход, сочетающий мониторинг содержания салицилатов при одновременном измерении агрегации тромбоцитов, является более информативным, поскольку дает клиницисту возможность персонифицировать аспиринотерапию.

Introduction. Atherosclerosis progression in the internal carotid artery (ICA) is often accompanied by the development of acute cerebral episodes and associated with refractory worsening of hemorheological and hemostasiological parameters despite the regular antiaggregant medication.
Aim: to estimate the role of some hemorheological and hemostasiological parameters in the progression of carotid atherosclerosis and development of aspirin resistance taking into account the pharmacokinetics of salicylic and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) at patients with atherosclerosis under continuous administration of ASA drugs.
Materials and methods. We examined 93 patients with ICA atherosclerotic lesion and 50 healthy volunteers. Patient’s examination was carried out before treatment onset and after not less than six months of regular treatment (ASA drugs at dose 100 mg/day). Average follow-up period was 10,1±3,5 months.
Results. Identifi cation of predisposition for increased thrombus formation in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis has an important prognostic value in drugs selection aimed at reducing blood thrombogenic potential and achieving of stable antithrombotic effect.
Conclusion. Developed approach that combines monitoring of salicylates content with simultaneous measurement of platelet aggregation is more informative because it gives the clinician the opportunity to personalize aspirin therapy.
PLATELETS COUNT IN EARLY POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD IN YOUNG CHILDREN UNDERWENT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES SURGERY
Authors: Бикташева Л.З. , Мазурок В.А. , Меньшугин И.Н. , Баутин А.Е. , Сироткина О.В.
Published: February 2021

Цель исследования: выявить причины развития и определить влияние тромбоцитопении на течение послеоперационного периода у детей после хирургической коррекции врожденных пороков сердца в условиях искусственного кровообращения.

Материалы и методы. Проведено сравнение течения раннего послеоперационного периода у детей с применением торакальной эпидуральной (ТЭА) анестезии (n = 68) и высокоопиоидной (ВВА) внутривенной анестезии (n = 84). Взаимосвязь между видом анестезии и результатами хирургического вмешательства оценивали по клинико-лабораторным характеристикам, в том числе по количеству тромбоцитов на 1, 2, 3 сутки и при выписке из стационара. Тромбоцитопенией считали количество тромбоцитов менее 150×109/л.

Результаты. При использовании ТЭА уровень интраоперационной гликемии был ниже, а тромбоцитопения на 2 и 3 сутки после операции развивалась реже, чем при ВВА. При ишемии миокарда (ИМ) более 60 минут частота тромбоцитопении на 1 и 3 сутки после операции была выше, чем при ИМ менее 60 минут. Послеоперационная тромбоцитопения коррелировала с развитием дыхательной недостаточности и продленной ИВЛ. Количество тромбоцитов было достоверно ниже на 1 и 3 сутки после операций с выраженной интраоперационной сердечной недостаточностью.

Заключение. Ранняя послеоперационная тромбоцитопения коррелирует с периоперационными осложнениями. Использование ТЭА коррелирует с меньшей выраженностью интраоперационной гипергликемии и ранним восстановлением количества тромбоцитов.

The aim of study was to identify the reasons of thrombocytopenia development and to determine its effect on postoperative period in children after surgical correction of congenital heart diseases under cardiopulmonary bypass.

Materials and methods. We compared 2 groups of children after surgery with thoracic epidural (TEA) anesthesia (n = 68) and high-opioid intravenous (HIA) anesthesia (n = 84) and assessed the relationship between the type of anesthesia and surgery results by clinical and laboratory characteristics, including the number of platelets on 1, 2, 3 days of postoperative period and at discharge from the hospital. Thrombocytopenia was the number of platelets less than 150×109/l.

Results. With TEA usage the level of intraoperative glycemia was lower, and thrombocytopenia on 2 and 3 days after surgery developed less frequently than with HIA. Thrombocytopenia occurrence on days 1 and 3 after surgery was higher after myocardial ischemia (MI) for more than 60 minutes than with MI less than 60 minutes. Postoperative thrombocytopenia correlated with the development of respiratory failure and prolonged artificial lung ventilation. Platelets number was significantly lower on 1 and 3 days after operations with severe intraoperative heart failure.

Conclusion. Early postoperative thrombocytopenia correlates with perioperative complications. TEA usage correlates with lesser severity of intraoperative hyperglycemia and early recovery of platelets count.
HEMOSTASIS IN ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY: THE ROLE OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM
Authors: Антропова И.П.
Published: February 2021

Обширные операции в ортопедии вызывают значительные изменения в системе гемостаза. Центральное место в регуляции гемокоагуляционных процессов занимает эндотелий сосудов. В обзоре рассматриваются механизмы, с помощью которых при повреждении сосуда формируется сгусток, эффективно закрывающий травмированный участок. Обсуждается роль эндотелия в развитии патологических тромбов при крупных ортопедических операциях.

Extensive orthopedic operations cause signifi cant changes in hemostasis. The endothelium of blood vessels plays a
central role in regulation of hemocoagulation processes. This review focuses on the mechanisms which form a clot in the case
of vessel damage. The role of endothelium in the development of pathological blood clots in orthopedic surgery is discussed.