bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Stretching terhadap Kelelahan Kerja Operator Head Truck Terminal Petikemas Semarang
Authors: Salsabila Khairunnisa Salmaa , Fajariani Ratna , Widjanarti Maria Paskanita
Published: May 2024

Head truck operator is one of the jobs that is at risk of experiencing work fatigue at the Semarang Container Terminal. Based on the results of measuring work fatigue using the IFRC subjective self rating test questionnaire on 20 head truck operators, 25% experienced low fatigue, 55% moderate fatigue, and 20% high fatigue. One of the alternative fatigue management can be done by static stretching which is considered more efficient in adjusting to the company's work processes and more effective than other methods. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of stretching on work fatigue of Semarang Container Terminal head truck operators. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test one group design. Respondents were head truck operators at the Semarang Container Terminal with a total of 49 respondents out of a total of 147 operators. This study used the Subjective Self Rating Test questionnaire from IFRC to measure work fatigue. The data analysis technique used was the paired t-test. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant difference in head truck operators after stretching with p-value of 0.000 with large effect (d = 7.44). In Conclusion There was an effectiveness of stretching on work fatigue of Semarang Container Terminal head truck operators.
Analisis Kecelakaan Kerja Pada Atlet Sepatu Roda Jawa Tengah
Authors: Ayu Abigail Guinevere Puteri Nimas , Suroto Suroto , Kurniawan Bina
Published: May 2024

Roller skating is a sport that is being favored by the community. This sport has a high risk of danger that can cause various injuries. This study aims to analyze work accidents in Central Java’s roller skate athletes. The type of research used is qualitative research. The research subjects were roller skaters in Central Java as the main informants and roller skate trainers in Central Java as triangulation informants. Informants were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the factors that cause accidents in roller skate athletes are mostly due to collisions and slips. Potential injuries that are often experienced by roller skaters in Central Java are injuries to the ankle, knee, lower leg, upper leg, elbow, finger and wrist, waist and hip. More specifically, the types of injuries that occur are injuries such as skin abrasions, abrasions, bruises, cramps, cramps or muscle spasms, and dislocations. The conclusion is that injuries that occur are caused by falls/ slips due to collisions between athletes, the shape and condition of the track, the techniques used by athletes, and the condition of the equipment used can also determine the level of injury received.
DETEKSI YERSINIA PESTIS DAN PATOGEN ZOONOTIK LAINNYA PADA TIKUS DI DAERAH FOKUS PES DESA KAYUKEBEK KABUPATEN PASURUAN
Authors: Mulyono Arief , Hidajat Muhammad Choirul , Ristiyanto Ristiyanto , Setyaningtyas Dian Eka , Wigati RA , Putro Dimas Bagus Wicaksono , Joharina Arum Sih , Pratiwi Ayu Pradipta , Muhidin Muhidin , Yuliadi Bernardus
Published: May 2024

Rats are known as carriers and transmissions of zoonotic diseases. About 60 types of zoonotic diseases that rats can transmit to humans. Some zoonotic diseases are Plague, Leptospirosis, Orthohantavirus infection, and Hepatitis E virus. This research aims to detect the bacteria Yersinia pestis, Leptospira, Hepatitis E virus, and Orthohantavirus in rats in Kayu Kebek Village, Pasuruan Regency. The research design used in this study is descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The rats were captured for three days, two nights in the house, the neighborhood around the house, and the forest. The captured mice were identified as specimens of blood, spleen, kidneys, and liver. Detection of Yersinia pestis, Leptospira, and Hepatitis E is performed using PCR, while the detection of Orthohantavirus is performed using the ELISA method. A total of 45 mice were trapped, consisting of 2 genera and three species. The zoonotic pathogens detected were Leptospira and hepatitis E. Leptospira viruses were detected in Rattus tanezumi, Rattus tiomanicus, and Niviventer fluvescent. Hepatitis E virus is detected only in R. tanezumi. Transmission of leptospirosis and hepatitis E has the potential to occur in Kayu Kebek Village. Rat control is needed to prevent the transmission of leptospirosis and hepatitis E virus infection, and other zoonotic diseases transmitted by rats.
Integrated Supervision Center of Huaihua International Inland Port: The Feasibility and Essentiality
Authors: Xiaohui Shu , Guang Tian , Yangkuo Li
Published: May 2024

Building an integrated supervision center in Huaihua is feasible and essential because Huaihua City is at the center of the border regions of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing, Guizhou, and Guangxi. In addition, it is a national transportation hub in China because of its distinctive geographic location, abundant resources and labor force. Due to the development of Huaihua International Inland Port, Huaihua has an excellent opportunity to be a logistics and trade center for inland areas in Central China. Given considerations in national strategies, food security, economic development and other factors, an integrated supervision center can be built in Huaihua, as it can promote the connectivity of the Wuling Mountain area and the neighboring provinces, contribute to regional economic development, and enhance China’s national security and supervisory capacity. The development of Huaihua as an integrated supervision center facilitates the processing, bonded warehousing and logistics distribution of high-quality imported commodities from neighboring countries, especially ASEAN countries.
The impact of ChatGPT on learners in English academic writing: opportunities and challenges in education
Authors: Yuan Ye , Li Huan , Sawaengdist Anan
Published: May 2024

This study attempts to explore the impact of ChatGPT on EFL learners’ English writing and how this benefits from it. The three research objectives are to explore the reasons why EFL learners choose to use ChatGPT for their academic English writing, to examine how it affects EFL learners’ academic English writing and define the challenges and opportunities for EFL learners using ChatGPT as an academic English writing tool. This study employed semi-structured and open-ended interviews to collect qualitative data. By thematic analysis, we found that EFL learners use ChatGPT for their academic English writing as it is convenient and caters to their needs. It also assists them since it scaffolds literacy in terms of writing fluency, content, and knowledge. Challenges for learners include: 1) possible academic plagiarism and a lack of critical thinking due to their over-reliance on the information provided by ChatGPT; 2) bias in English academic writing from the English-dominant context and pressure to pay; 3) considering and scrutinizing the authenticity of information generated in academic contexts. With its ease of use and undeniable efficiency, ChatGPT has emerged as a revolutionary tool in the realm of language learning and academic writing. However, English learners should be cautious and reflect on using this AI tool, especially for academic writing purposes.
Teaching note-taking in EMI: an experimental study in Economics and Business Administration
Authors: Breeze Ruth , Roothooft Hanne , Meyer Marcel
Published: May 2024

Learning to take effective notes is particularly difficult for non-English-native university students enrolled on English Medium Instruction (EMI) courses. However, time and cost constraints mean that many universities provide no support in English for academic purposes or academic skills. One solution to this problem would be to work closely with subject lecturers to develop training that can be delivered within the framework of the EMI content courses themselves. We developed a pilot programme for training students to take effective notes in English and applied it within the context of a first-year content course in Economics and Business Administration at a Spanish university. The students improved on several measures from the pre-test to the post-test, and provided positive feedback. They particularly appreciated learning how to build outlines, simplify information, and use abbreviations and symbols. Questionnaire responses indicated that they had found the training useful and appreciated the possibilities for direct application of the new skills acquired in their other EMI courses. Further research on how to train students in academic language competences within the ecologically valid setting of the EMI classroom itself could include support with subject-focused academic writing and speaking skills.
Learning Chinese and making meaning – ways to develop intercultural citizenship in the foreign language classroom
Authors: Morgan Fei
Published: May 2024

Using Chinese language teaching in an engineering department as an example, this paper explores how language teaching can meet the challenges of globalisation and the advancement of technology by fulfilling its educational function as described in Byram’s model of intercultural communicative competence. By adapting theories and practices from counselling psychology, the proposed curriculum focuses on emotions to help learners uncover emotional barriers that arise when confronted with differences. It will support learners in raising awareness and developing their capacity to negotiate differences, leading to more effective cooperation with others. The paper discusses the use of experiential exercises in the classroom. They include those developed in Chinese language pedagogy, namely the performed culture approach and those developed in humanistic psychotherapy, such as body psychotherapy. The aim is to help learners notice their own feelings, attitudes, and behaviour as well as the otherness of the other in the classroom. This approach is powerful because it is in the here and now. It utilises movements and different senses as well as cognition. It helps uncover barriers to intercultural communication hidden under the surface by making the unconscious conscious. Reflection is a key part of this process. Learners are expected to reflect on their own thinking and feelings and to make sense of the dynamics in the classroom. Learners are expected to develop reflexivity, subjectivity and intersubjective awareness while acquiring linguistic competency and social cultural rules of use.
Which components of word knowledge do EFL learners learn?
Authors: Akşit Zeynep , Şükran Saygı
Published: May 2024

Vocabulary research provides valuable information on the construct of word knowledge (WK), and suggests ways to develop language learners’ lexicon, arguably, the backbone of communication. The present study explores EFL students’ vocabulary learning behavior; more specifically, the aspects of WK components they intentionally focus on when learning new words. Data was collected from 536 undergraduate students in an EFL context. Our findings revealed that EFL students’ vocabulary size was roughly 5,000 word families, considerably less than the number advocated for academic studies. Regarding the various aspects of WK, the top three components that the participants with larger vocabulary sizes primarily focus on were a word’s meaning in L2, spelling, and pronunciation, whereas for those students with a smaller vocabulary size, the top three choices were meaning in L1, spelling and meaning in L2. This intentional focus on separate aspects of WK, especially the meaning-form link in L2, might instigate further progress for the former group, and the lack thereof may inhibit learning opportunities for the latter. Exploration of the processes of vocabulary learning will guide teaching practice, and materials design. It may also call for adjustments in curricula as our understanding of vocabulary acquisition processes evolves.
An investigation into the relationship between attitudinal and non-attitudinal variables and the utilization of digital technology: the EFL Vietnamese context
Authors: Nguyen Lan Anh Thuy , Habók Anita
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the relationship between attitudinal and non-attitudinal variables that impact digital technology use by EFL students in Vietnam. An adapted questionnaire was administered to 1,005 students from different tertiary courses. The results showed that students have a positive attitude to the use of technology and sometimes apply digital tools in their language learning. Although there is a low correlation between learners’ technology attitude and their usage of applications, other variables like age, English proficiency levels, digital competence, and the major being pursued can predict the usage of technology among students.
On Berezin norm and Berezin number inequalities for sum of operators
Authors: Altwaijry Najla , Feki Kais , Minculete Nicusor
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is to obtain several inequalities involving the Berezin number and the Berezin norm for various combinations of operators acting on a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. First, we present some bounds regarding the Berezin number associated with

W

*

Q
+

W

*

Q
′

{W}^{* }Q+{W}^{* }Q^{\prime}

, where

W

W

,

Q

Q

, and

Q
′

Q^{\prime}

are three bounded linear operators. Next, several Berezin norm and Berezin number inequalities for the sum of

n

n

operators are established.
Enhancing DevOps Engineering Education Through System-Based Learning Approach
Authors: Zarour Mohammad , Akour Mohammed , Alenezi Mamdouh
Published: May 2024

System-based learning (SBL) in engineering domains integrates systems thinking and engineering principles to develop a system. In software engineering, to develop software using the DevOps process, using SBL environment, students gain a comprehensive understanding of the DevOps software development process and apply theoretical concepts to real-world problems by implementing a complete system pipeline, encompassing the design, development, testing, and deployment of software systems. This article introduces an SBL approach to teaching DevOps engineering, addressing the limitations of traditional methods in equipping students with the necessary skills and knowledge. To evaluate the effectiveness of the SBL approach, a case study was conducted to teach a DevOps course within an undergraduate software engineering program. Students completed a project involving the implementation of a system pipeline from requirement gathering to deployment. Results from the case study demonstrate that the SBL approach has improved students’ understanding of DevOps engineering and the software development big picture. The approach enhanced students’ systems thinking and problem-solving capabilities and prepared students for the challenges of a rapidly evolving technological landscape.
Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from two priority areas for biodiversity conservation in the Brazilian Amazon and range extension for Carollia benkeithi (Phyllostomidae)
Authors: Soeiro Andreza , Bezerra Alexandra M. R.
Published: May 2024

Amazonian tropical forests host the highest bat diversity in South America. The central area Brazilian Amazon encompasses one of the largest pristine areas within this biome, where Amanã and Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserves (SDRs) are located. These two reserves hold the status of Priority Areas for Biodiversity Conservation due to their high biological relevance. The aim of this study was to identify the bat species richness within these SDRs to minimize the Wallacean shortfall of the chiropterofauna in the Amazon. A total of 274 specimens, collected 20 years ago and housed in the mammal collection at the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, were sorted and identified. They are distributed across four families, 18 genera, and 26 species: Artibeus planirostris and Carollia perspicillata were the most abundant vouchers. We identified a range extension for Carollia benkeithi and a possible new taxon for the genus Micronycteris.
Forage yield, seed, and forage qualitative traits evaluation by determining the optimal forage harvesting stage in dual-purpose cultivation in safflower varieties (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
Authors: Kargar Mohammad Hadi , Sayfzadeh Saeed , Jabari Hamid , Zakerin Hamid Reza , Golzardi Farid
Published: May 2024

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), adapted to arid and semiarid regions, is grown for seed and petal production, but the present study aimed to evaluate the possibility of simultaneous forage and seed production in the autumn and middle types of safflower varieties in dual-purpose cultivation in semiarid areas in the shortfall forage period. An experiment was done based on a randomized complete block design with nine treatments and three replications at the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran. The treatments included the cultivation of Parnian, Goldasht, and Golmehr varieties with the purpose of seed harvesting as control treatments; the same varieties (Parnian, Goldasht, and Golmehr), once with the aim of forage harvesting at 50% stem elongation stage and seed harvesting; and again with the aim of forage harvesting at 50% branching stage and seed harvesting. The results showed that forage harvesting at the 50% branching stage significantly increased the dry and fresh forage yield compared to the 50% stem elongation stage. The highest fresh and dry forage yields (DFY) (42,229 and 11,266 kg/ha) were related to the Golmehr variety at the 50% branching stage. Forage harvesting at the stem elongation stage decreased the crude protein, protein content, and digestibility compared to the branching stage in three safflower varieties. Parnian variety had the maximum seed yield (2,226 kg/ha) without forage harvesting. The highest seed yield in the second year (2018–2019) of the experiment belonged to the Golmehr variety (1,310 kg/ha) to harvest forage at 50% stem elongation (rapid stem growth) and seed harvest treatment, which compared to the first year (2017–2018), showed an increase of 25%. Finally, the forage harvested amount of all three varieties studied was higher in the branching stage than in the stem elongation stage. These results implied that the Golmehr variety (11,266 kg/ha DFY and 520 kg/ha seed yield) is for dual-purpose cultivation, and the Parnian variety (2,226 kg/ha seed yield) is suitable for only seed production for the semiarid region of Karaj in Iran and similar areas in terms of climate.
TAHIL VE PSEUDO-TAHILLARIN B VİTAMİNLERİ: BİYOERİŞİLEBİLİRLİK VE BİYOYARARLILIKLARI
Authors: Yalçın Erkan , Gündüztepe Hülya , Arslan Ayşenur
Published: May 2024

B vitaminleri, enerji, bağışıklık, sinir sistemi, hücre bölünmesi ve homosistein metabolizmalarında rol oynayan, suda çözünür, organik besinlerdir. Tam tahıllar, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9 vitaminleri bakımından zengindirler. B vitaminleri, tahılların ruşeym, tohum kabuğu ve alöron tabakalarında bulunur. B vitaminlerinin önerilen günlük alım miktarı 0.1-20 mg/gün arasındadır. Tahıl işleme yöntemlerinin vitamin içeriğini etkilediği bildirilmiştir. B vitaminleri yetersiz beslenmenin önlenmesinde başvurulan besin ögeleridir. Biyoerişilebilirlik, sindirim sisteminde, gıdadan enzim hidrolizi ile salınan bir besin maddesinin ince bağırsakta emilim için hazır bulunmasıdır. Biyoyararlılık, sindirilen gıdalardaki besin ögelerinin ince bağırsak epitel hücrelerinden absorbe edildikten sonra kan dolaşımına geçmesidir. Kinoa, amarant ve karabuğday glutensiz pseudo-tahıllardır. Pseudo-tahılların B vitamini miktarı bakımından iyi bir kaynak olduğu belirtilmiştir. Tahıl ürünlerinin B vitaminleri bakımından zenginleştirilmesi için fortifikasyon işlemi uygulanmaktadır. Biyofortifikasyon, tahılların B vitamini içeriklerinin artırılması için son yıllarda uygulanan yeni bir yöntemdir. Bu derlemenin amacı, tahıl ve pseudo-tahıllarda bulunan B vitaminlerinin biyoerişilebilirliği ve biyoyararlılığını son bilimsel çalışmalara göre incelemektir.
An Improvised Apocalypse
Authors: Hansen Benjamin
Published: May 2024

This paper examines Christian responses to Emperor Julian’s attempt to build a Jewish Temple in Jerusalem (ca. 363 CE) and compares these reactions to those elicited by early Islamic construction on the Temple Mount, especially ʿAbd al-Malik’s construction of the Dome of the Rock (ca. 692 CE). Both projects sparked Christian rhetoric that was often “apocalyptic,” combining a potent mix of biblical citations with a deep-seated fear of a Jewish alliance with a pagan tyrant. But how should we read this apocalyptic rhetoric? Was the late antique religious environment, as many have recently suggested, one of particular eschatological foment? This essay suggests otherwise. An analysis of contemporary responses to Julian and ʿAbd al-Malik reveals that Christian reactions to these highly charged architectural endeavors were often classical invective clothed in biblical garb. This scripturalized polemic was flexible and self-consciously contingent on the successes and failures of historical actors. Rather than arguing about the end of the age, Christians were arguing about how best to interpret contemporary history. They were arguing, moreover, how best to position religious competitors—Jewish or Muslim—within this shifting story.
Working Time and the Environmental Intensity of Well-Being
Authors: Fitzgerald Jared Berry , Givens Jennifer E. , Briscoe Michael D.
Published: May 2024

There are serious questions about the viability of economic growth for achieving development goals aimed at improving social and environmental outcomes. Research suggests that structural change away from the growth model is needed to reduce climate-change-causing emissions, decrease the overconsumption of environmental resources, and address inequalities in human well-being. An alternative approach is working-time reduction. Proponents present it as a multi-dividend sustainable-development policy that can improve both environmental and social outcomes. We test this proposition using two indicators, carbon intensity of well-being (CIWB) and ecological intensity of well-being (EIWB). We estimate longitudinal regression models with data from 34 high-income OECD countries from 1970 to 2019. We find that longer working hours are positively associated with higher CIWB and EIWB, suggesting that shorter working hours would decrease CIWB and EIWB, a desirable outcome in terms of sustainability. These results provide direct support for the idea that working-time reduction could improve both social and environmental outcomes simultaneously. These results have important practical and theoretical implications.
The Abstract book of the XXI Conference of Junior Research
Authors: Jakštienė Rita , Guogaitė Greta , Mikučionytė Dovilė
Published: May 2024

The Conference of Junior Researchers in Psychology is an annual event organized by doctoral students at the Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University. The conference provides a platform for psychology students and junior researchers from universities in Lithuania and abroad to showcase their scientific work and findings. This year's conference focused on the challenges and opportunities faced by people of our time.
Bacteriological analysis of suya meat sold in nkwo market of okija and the associated health implications
Authors: MI Osuji , MC Odili , MO Okafor , FO Edeoga , CV Udeogu , VN Unegbu
Published: May 2024

This research work was done to ascertain the bacterial load of Suya sold in Nkwo market of Okija town in Ihiala LGA of Anambra State. It was also done to reveal the health implication of the suya. Three samples of Suya were randomly collected from suya sellers within the market. The samples were analyzed microbiologically using spread plate technique. The bacterial isolates were identified. The isolates were identified as Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. The total bacterial count for the isolates were 2.5 x 10³, 4.3 x 104 and 5.4 x 10³ respectively. For the coliform count, 0.5 x103, 3.0 x 103 and 1.2 x 103 were identified. The presence of Staphylococcus is associated with cross contamination from meat handlers during processing, the presence of Escherichia coli is probably due to use of contaminated water during washing of raw meat while Klebsiella spp. is most likely transmitted from the hands of meat workers. This calls for improved production hygiene and public health awareness. Education and awareness campaign should be organized for the Suya seller on the proper hygienic practices to adopt during suya processing.
A Comparative Study Of Stomatal Characteristics of The Nine Pandanus Species From Nias Island, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Zebua Helmin Parida , Pasaribu Nursahara , Siregar Etti Sartina
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe identification of Pandanus species generally relies on morphological characteristics and requires confirmation from other identification features, such as stomata. A comparative study of stomatal characteristics among nine Pandan species originally from Nias Island, namely Pandanus atrocarpus, P. auranticus, P. labyrinthicus, P. militaris, P. odoratissimus, P. penangensis, P. tectorius, and P. utilis has been investigated. Anomocytic stomata without papillae on subsidiary cells were observed on both leaf surfaces, with significant interspecific differences in adaxial and abaxial stomatal frequencies. Pandanus tectorius exhibited the highest adaxial (30.71 ± 0.81) and abaxial (1.87 ± 0.12) stomatal frequencies. Pandanus labyrinthicus showed the highest stomatal index (adaxial 16.61 ± 2.51, abaxial 0.87 ± 0.11), while P. penangensis had the largest stomatal size (137.54 ± 6.66 µm). Overall, the stomatal parameters, including frequency, index, and size, were higher on the adaxial surface than the abaxial surface, emphasizing interspecific variations. These findings contribute valuable supportive data for the botanical systematics of Pandanus spp. in the region, enhancing our understanding of morphological characteristics crucial for species identification.AbstrakIdentifikasi jenis dari Pandanus cenderung menggunakan ciri morfologi dan memerlukan konfirmasi dari karakter lainnya, salah satunya stomata. Studi perbandingan stomata di antara sembilan spesies Pandan di Pulau Nias, Sumatera Utara telah dilakukan, yaitu Pandanus atrocarpus, P. auranticus, P. labirinthicus, P. militaris, P. odoratissimus, P. penangensis, P. tectorius, dan P. utilis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan jenis Pandanus memiliki tipe stomata berupa anomositik pada kedua permukaan daun atau amfistomatous tanpa adanya papilosa pada sel tambahan. Frekuensi stomata adaksial dan abaksial memiliki perbedaan yang nyata secara statistik lintas jenis. Frekuensi stomata tertinggi pada daun adaksial/abaksial diamati berturut-turut dari P. tectorius (30,71 ± 0,81) dan P. tectorius (1,87 ± 0,12). Indeks stomata daun tertinggi diamati berturut-turut berasal dari P. labirinthicus (16,61 ± 2,51) untuk adaxial dan P. labirinthicus (0,87 ± 0,11) untuk abaxial. Ukuran stomata terbesar diamati berturut-turut berasal dari P. penangensis (137,54 ± 6,66 µm) dan P. odoratissimus (64,56 ± 3,96 µm). Secara umum, tipe stomata pada semua jenis adalah anomositik tanpa adanya papila pada sel penjaga. Parameter stomata lainnya, yaitu frekuensi, indeks, dan ukuran pada bagian adaksial cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan permukaan abaksial dengan variasi nilai secara interspesifik.
Histopathological Overview of Kidney and Liver Female White Rat Administered (Ananas comosus var. microstachys L.) Extract as Herbal Plant for Dysmenorrhea
Authors: Fitmawati Fitmawati , Saputra Agus , Teruna Hilwan Yuda , Juliantari Erwina
Published: May 2024

Abstract Dysmenorrhea is an important clinical as well as social problem affecting more than 50% of menstruating women. Nanas bongsai (Ananas comosus var. microstachys L.) is commonly used as a medical plant, which local people believe of Riau Province Indonesia, as medicine to reduce pain while the menstruation period (dysmenorrhea). This study was aim to find histopathologic changes in the kidney and liver after being treated with nanas bongsai extract in the female white rat.  Design experimental of this research is complete randomized design with 5 treatments. Each treatment was composed of two control (zero control given with water, positive control given with mefenamic acid) and nanas bongsai extract with 3 different dosage serials. Histology preparations were made by paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. The results showed that given nanas bongsai extract with three serial dosages towards the kidney show a picnosis in the nucleus. However, this damage did not affect the glomerulus structure. While observation towards the liver shows some injury, namely hydropic degeneration, lipid degeneration, and necrosis. Both of these damaged less than 25%. As a result, this percentage did not affect the structure of the kidney and liver. The results of this study indicate that there is no damage to the kidneys and liver due to the use of nanas bongsai so it is safe to use in herbal medicine and can be developed as a dysmenorrhea drug.AbstrakDismenore merupakan masalah klinis dan sosial yang penting yang memengaruhi lebih dari 50% wanita menstruasi. Nanas bongsai (Ananas comosus var. microstachys L.) dipercayai oleh masyarakat Desa Muara lembu, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Provinsi Riau sebagai obat untuk mengurangi nyeri saat haid (dismenore). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan histopatologi pada ginjal dan hati setelah diberi perlakuan ekstrak nanas bongsai pada tikus putih betina. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari dua kontrol dan ekstrak nanas bongsai dengan 3 seri dosis yang berbeda. Preparat histologi dibuat dengan metode parafin dan pewarnaan Hematoxylin-Eosin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak nanas bongsai dengan dosis tiga seri terhadap ginjal menunjukkan picnosis pada nukleus. Namun, kerusakan ini tidak memengaruhi struktur glomerulus. Sedangkan pengamatan terhadap hati menunjukkan beberapa cedera, yaitu degenerasi hidropik, degenerasi lipid, dan nekrosis. Keduanya rusak kurang dari 25%. Akibatnya, persentase ini tidak memengaruhi struktur ginjal dan hati. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada kerusakan pada ginjal dan hati akibat penggunaan Nanas bongsai sehingga aman digunakan dalam pengobatan herbal dan dapat dikembangkan sebagai obat dismenore.
Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis Biolarvicide and Temephos Synthetic Larvicides on Culex quinquefasciatus Larvae
Authors: Subekti Niken , Zahra Citra Anisah , Fadhila Anita
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn open environment with drainage and lush green grass around the hotel allows mosquitoes to breed. Mosquitoes from the genus Culex are one of the vectors for transmitting arboviruses and filariasis. Temephos is an active ingredient often used to control Culex quinquefasciatus and considered as environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop environmentally friendly larvicides, such as the Bacillus thuringiensis biolarvicide. Many studies were conducted to control Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae using these microbial agents, but very little for controlling Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of temephos and B. thuringiensis biolarvicides. Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae were divided into the insect sample group with temephos and the B. thuringiensis biolarvicide group at concentrations of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 mg/L. The number of dead larvae was calculated at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 24 hours. Data analysis was performed using probit analysis of lethal time (LT50 and LT90). From statistical analysis, B. thuringiensis as larvicides showed 100% mortality of mosquito larvae. B. thuringiensis biolarvicide can be used as a substitute for chemical larvicide since it is proven effective in killing Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae in 24 hours and is environmentally friendly.AbstrakLingkungan terbuka dengan sistem pembuangan dan rumput yang hijau di sekitar hotel memungkinkan nyamuk berkembang biak. Nyamuk dari genus Culex adalah salah satu vektor yang mengirimkan arbovirus dan filariasis. Temephos adalah bahan aktif yang sering digunakan untuk mengendalikan Culex quinquefasciatus dan dianggap mencemari lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, perlu untuk mengembangkan larvasida yang ramah lingkungan, seperti Bacillus thuringiensis biolarvasida. Banyak penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengendalikan larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti menggunakan agen mikroba ini, tetapi sangat sedikit untuk mengendalikan larva nyamuk Cx. quinquefasciatus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas temephos dan B. thuringiensis biolarvasida. Larva Cx. quinquefasciatus dibagi menjadi kelompok sampel serangga dengan temephos dan kelompok B. thuringiensis biolarvasida pada konsentrasi 0,01, 0,02, dan 0,03 mg/L. Jumlah larva yang mati dihitung pada 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 24 jam. Analisis data dilakukan analisis waktu letal probit (LT50 dan LT90). Analisis statistik, B. thuringiensis sebagai larvasida menunjukkan 100% kematian larva nyamuk. B. thuringiensis biolarvasida dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti larvasida kimia karena terbukti efektif dalam membunuh larva nyamuk Cx. quinquefasciatus dalam waktu 24 jam dan ramah lingkungan.
Kemampuan Adaptasi Ikan Tebaran di Waduk Penjalin Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Memanfaatkan Makanan Alami
Authors: Hendrawan Andika Luky Setiyo , Prayitno Slamet Budi , Tjahjo Didik Wahju Hendro
Published: May 2024

AbstrakPenebaran ikan merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi ikan di perairan Waduk Penjalin. Kemampuan ikan dalam memanfaatkan makanan alami di badan air menjadi salah satu faktor keberhasilan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan ikan tebaran dalam memanfaatkan makanan alami di Waduk Penjalin. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode stratified random sampling pada bulan Desember 2021 sampai Februari 2022, dengan pengambilan sampel satu kali setiap bulannya. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 4 stasiun yaitu Dam, Keser Kulon, Soka, dan Kedung Agung. Analisis data meliputi indeks relatif penting, kebiasaan makanan dan tingkat trofik, luas relung, dan tumpang tindih relung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan tebaran termasuk ikan herbivora (nila, tawes, mas) dan karnivora (udang galah). Ikan nila dan tawes memanfaatkan fitoplankton, ikan mas memanfaatkan tumbuhan dan udang galah memanfaatkan moluska sebagai makanan utama. Ikan yang ditebar cenderung spesialis dalam mencari makanan. Tumpang tindih relung tinggi terjadi antara ikan nila dan tawes, namun ketersediaan makanan alami yang melimpah masih memungkinkan ikan tersebut tumbuh dengan baik.AbstractFish enhancement is one of the efforts to increase fish production in Penjalin Reservoir. The ability of fish to utilize natural food in water bodies is one of the success factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of the stockfish to utilize natural food in the Penjalin Reservoir. The research was conducted using the stratified random sampling method in December 2021 until February 2022, with sampling once per month. Sampling was carried out at 4 stations namely Dam, Keser Kulon, Soka and Kedung Agung. Data analysis included relative importance indices, food habits and trophic level, niche breadth and niche overlap. The results showed that the stocked fish included herbivorous fish (nile tilapia, silver barb, common carp) and carnivorous fish (giant freshwater prawns). Nile tilapia and silver barb fish use phytoplankton, common carp use plants and giant freshwater prawns use molluscs as their main food. Stocked fish tend to be specialists in finding food. High niche overlap occurs between tilapia and silver barb, but the availability of natural food still allows these fish to grow well.
Unveiling the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 sub-variant: Insights from the first cases at Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunisia
Authors: Hamzaoui Zaineb , Ferjani Sana , Kanzari Lamia , Ben Ali Roua , Charaa Latifa , Landolsi Ichrak , Medini Ines , Chammam Sarra , Abid Salma , Ferjani Asma , Kebaier Dhouha , Fakhfakh Ahmed , Bouslah Zoubeir , Ben Sassi Mouna , Trabelsi Sameh , Boutiba-Ben Boubaker Ilhem
Published: May 2024

The JN.1 sub-variant is a new variant of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain, derived from the BA.2.86 sub-variant. It was first detected in late 2023 and has quickly spread to many countries, becoming the most prevalent variant in some regions. JN.1 exhibits a unique mutation (L455S) in the spike protein compared to the BA.2.86 lineage, which may affect its transmissibility and immune evasion capabilities. JN.1 has been designated as a “variant of interest” by the World Health Organization due to its rapidly increasing spread and is being closely monitored for its impact on the COVID-19 pandemic. This study describes the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 sub-variant in Tunisia, and reports its mutation profiles.

Nasopharyngeal samples collected over a four-month period (October 2023 to January 2024) were subjected to RNA extraction and real-time RT-PCR confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The whole-genome sequencing was performed by an iSeq 100 sequencer and COVIDSeq kit reagents (Illumina, USA).

Mutation analysis, using the NextClade platform and GISAID database, revealed the presence of JN.1 in 15 out of 80 positive cases (18.75%) during the study period.

The emergence of JN.1 highlights the ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and the need for continued surveillance and research to better understand the characteristics and impact of emerging variants.
Confirmed record of Bacopa sessiliflora (Benth.) Edwall (Plantaginaceae) in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Pestana Mateus C. A. , Oliveira Rafael F. , Durval Carlos N. D. , Barroso Amabille M. , Alves Neuriane P. F. , Bastos Maria da Conceição C. , Ferreira Vanessa F. , Campos Diego S. , Saraiva Raysa V. C.
Published: May 2024

Bacopa sessiliflora (Benth.) Edwall (Plantaginaceae) is an aquatic herb that inhabits the banks of watercourses in the Neotropics. In this study, we confirmed the occurrence of the species in the Cerrado following a field collection on the banks of the Preto River, in eastern Maranhão state, Brazil, and the study of herbarium materials. A morphological description, illustrations, phenological data, and a distribution map of B. sessiliflora are provided. The new data highlight the importance of permanent protected areas, especially riverbanks, as crucial habitats for increasing our understanding of plant biodiversity in Maranhão.
The outcome of leprosy associated asthma in pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Roziana  , Nora Hilwah , Indirayani Ima , Maharani Cut Rika , Sujudi Akmal
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Asthma bronchial is a disease characterized by increased sensitivity of the tracheobronchial tree to various stimuli. During an asthma attack, there will be bronchospasm, mucosal swelling, and increased secretions in the airway. The incidence of asthma in pregnancy in Indonesia is around 3.7- 4%, most commonly occurring at 24 to 36 weeks of gestation. The effect of asthma on the mother and fetus depends on the frequency and severity of asthma attacks because it can cause effects in the form of hypoxia. The state of hypoxia affects the fetus in the form of abortion, premature delivery, and fetal weight that is not in accordance with gestational age. Symptoms that can be felt are shortness of breath, cough, wheezing and can be accompanied by chest pain.
Case description: A 35-year-old woman came with complaints of heartburn for 2 hours before admission to the hospital, the patient denied amniotic fluid flow, blood was found to come out. Fetal movements felt active. The patient claimed to be 9 months pregnant with LMP on 27 December 2021, and EDD on 27 September 2022, with a gestational age of 39-40 weeks. ANC to the obstetrician was 3 times and the midwife was 5 times. No complaints of vaginal discharge, bowel and bladder within normal limits. The patient also had a history of asthma when she was 8 months pregnant, with complaints of shortness of breath, easily fatigued and coughing, the patient denied chest pain. Wheezing was also claimed sometimes. The patient had been treated by a pulmonologist, given 3 drugs to take if shortness of breath occurred. The patient complained of painless lesions on the hands, trunk and feet. This complaint has been felt since 3 months ago. There is no thickening of the nerves or numbness in the joints. The patient was diagnosed at the regional hospital with Morbus Hansen and is currently on treatment.
Conclusion: Asthma in pregnancy will cause hypoxia to the fetus which affects the development of the fetus, therefore prompt and appropriate management will reduce the risk to the mother and fetus. Outcome infants showed no sign of Morbus Hansen infection.
Causality relationship between Hounsfield Unit in epidural hematoma and subdural hematoma and hematoma expansion
Authors: Putra Gunna Hutomo , Turchan Agus , Utomo Sri Andreani , Parenrengi Muhammad Arifin , Fauzi Asra Al , Wibowo Arief
Published: May 2024

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is damage to the head caused by an external physical attack/impact. Deaths that occur from brain injury are 14-30 out of 100,000 population each year. TBI is diagnosed using Computed Tomography (CT) as the gold standard. Different densities of the pathological feature on CT can be measured by Hounsfield Unit (HU) to define its pathology. We try to asses if the HU can predict the hematoma expansion in TBI.
Methods: This research is an observational study. The data is taken from the radiology installation data of the emergency care installation at the Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital regarding factors that play a role in hematoma expansion with related factors in patients with subdural and epidural bleeding. Data were taken from January 2021 to December 2021. The factors analyzed were Hounsfield Unit, age, and hemostasis factors.
Results: In this study, there were 30 patients. This study was dominated by men (73.00%) and the age group of 16-20 years (26.6%). The mean PTT value in this study's subjects was 13.3±3.27. The mean value of APTT is 29.8±2.82. The average Hounsfield Unit is 43.60±5.82. No significant relationship was found between Houndsfield Unit, Age, APTT level, and age with hematoma expansion. A significant relationship was found between PTT and hematoma expansion. Simultaneously Hounsfield Unit, PTT, APTT, and age had a significant relationship with hematoma expansion.
Conclusion: There was no statistically significant relationship between Hounsfield Unit and hematoma expansion. There is a statistically significant relationship between PTT and hematoma expansion. Simultaneously found a significant relationship between Hounsfield Unit, PTT, APTT, age, and bleeding activity.
The number of lymphocytes in rabbit gingival wounds covered with a periodontal pack with lime peel extract
Authors: Fauzia Malianawati , Ega Lucida Chandra Kumala  , Ayu Nabilatul Ummah
Published: May 2024

Link or Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/oy1cDLwM0M8Introduction: Periodontal packs have frequently received extra anti-inflammatory and antibiotic medications, but they might trigger allergic reactions. As a result, alternative materials are required, such as herbal plants like lime peel, which can hasten wound healing without producing negative side effects. Citrus aurantifolia Swingle's peel extract, which has active ingredients with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibacterial actions, can hasten the healing of wounds when added to periodontal packs. One marker in the healing process is reducing the production of lymphocytes. This study aims to determine the effect of lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) peel extract on periodontal packs and the number of lymphocytes in rabbit gingival preparations.
Methods: Thirty-two New Zealand white rabbits were employed as the sample; they were harmed on the mandibular gingiva using a punch biopsy with a diameter of 2 mm. The animals were split into eight groups on the third and fifth days, with the treatment group receiving a periodontal pack containing lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) peel extract and the control group receiving a periodontal pack without it. In order to count the lymphocytes, histological preparations were examined using HE staining.
Results: Statistical test results showed a significant difference in the number of lymphocytes between the control group and the treatment group on days 3 and 5 (ANOVA, p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) peel extract can decrease the number of gingival lymphocytes in rabbit's periodontal tissue.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) related to Propylthiouracil (PTU) in hyperthyroidism with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Salsabila Arina , Kholili Ulfa , Novida Hermina
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/_dm9Vyddxvg
 
Background: Hyperthyroidism is an excessive concentration of thyroid hormone in tissues caused by increased thyroid hormone synthesis, excessive thyroid hormone release, or an endogenous or exogenous extrathyroid source. There are 3 types of hyperthyroid therapy: antithyroid drugs (PTU, thiamazole, and carbimazole), radioactive ablation, and surgery. However, PTU is one of the drugs included in the list of medications that cause Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI).
Case Presentation: A-36-years old male came to the IRD Dr. Sutomo General Hospital with a chief complaint of weakness for 1 month. The patient also complained of yellowing of the skin on the body, especially in the eyes, for 1 month, and the stomach was getting bigger and bloated before admission to the hospital. The patient has had a history of hyperthyroidism since 6 months ago and has taken PTU for 5 months. Exophthalmos eyes, icteric eyes, ascites, and splenomegaly were found on physical examination. The laboratory results showed hyperbilirubinemia, an increase in transaminase enzymes, and hypoalbumin. In the hospital, the patient was given an infusion of albumin, tyrosol, UDCA, spironolactone, and propranolol.
Conclusion: It has been reported that a man, 36 years old, has an underlying disease of liver cirrhosis. The patient has habitual risk factors for consuming alcohol. The patient had received PTU therapy for 1 month and came to the hospital suspected of DILI. Based on these cases, it is necessary to be vigilant about administering medications to patients with underlying diseases.