bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MI-Mesh
Authors: Ding Han , Chen Zhenbin , Zhao Cui , Wang Fei , Wang Ge , Xi Wei , Zhao Jizhong
Published: March 2023

Estimating 3D human mesh is appealing for various application scenarios. Current mainstream solution predicts the meshes either from the image or the human reflected RF-signals. In this paper, instead of investigating which approach is better, we propose to design a multi-modality fusion framework, namely MI-Mesh, which estimates 3D meshes by fusing image and mmWave. To realize this, we design a deep neural network model. It first automatically correlate mmWave point clouds to certain human joints and extracts useful fused features from two modalities. Then, the features are refined by predicting 2D joints and silhouette. Finally, we regress pose and shape parameters and feed them to SMPL model to generate the 3D human meshes. We build a prototype on commercial mmWave radar and camera. The experimental results demonstrate that with the integration of multi-modality strengths, MI-Mesh can effectively recover human meshes on dynamic motions and across different conditions.
Midas
Authors: Deng Kaikai , Zhao Dong , Han Qiaoyue , Zhang Zihan , Wang Shuyue , Zhou Anfu , Ma Huadong
Published: March 2023

Millimeter wave radar is a promising sensing modality for enabling pervasive and privacy-preserving human sensing. However, the lack of large-scale radar datasets limits the potential of training deep learning models to achieve generalization and robustness. To close this gap, we resort to designing a software pipeline that leverages wealthy video repositories to generate synthetic radar data, but it confronts key challenges including i) multipath reflection and attenuation of radar signals among multiple humans, ii) unconvertible generated data leading to poor generality for various applications, and iii) the class-imbalance issue of videos leading to low model stability. To this end, we design Midas to generate realistic, convertible radar data from videos via two components: (i) a data generation network (DG-Net) combines several key modules, depth prediction, human mesh fitting and multi-human reflection model, to simulate the multipath reflection and attenuation of radar signals to output convertible coarse radar data, followed by a Transformer model to generate realistic radar data; (ii) a variant Siamese network (VS-Net) selects key video clips to eliminate data redundancy for addressing the class-imbalance issue. We implement and evaluate Midas with video data from various external data sources and real-world radar data, demonstrating its great advantages over the state-of-the-art approach for both activity recognition and object detection tasks.
MagSound
Authors: Wang Lihao , Wang Wei , Dai Haipeng , Liu Shizhe
Published: March 2023

Wireless earphones are pervasive acoustic sensing platforms that can be used for many applications such as motion tracking and handwriting input. However, wireless earphones suffer clock offset between the connected smart devices, which would accumulate error rapidly over time. Moreover, compared with smartphone and voice assistants, the acoustic signal transmitted by wireless earphone is much weaker due to the poor frequency response. In this paper, we propose MagSound, which uses the built-in magnets to improve the tracking and acoustic sensing performance of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) earphones. Leveraging magnetic field strength, MagSound can predict the position of wireless earphones free from clock offset, which can be used to re-calibrate the acoustic tracking. Further, the fusion of the two modalities mitigates the accumulated clock offset and multipath effect. Besides, to increase the robustness to noise, MagSound employs finely designed Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) ranging signals. We implement a prototype of MagSound on COTS and perform experiments for tracking and handwriting input. Results demonstrate that MagSound maintains millimeter-level error in 2D tracking, and improves the handwriting recognition accuracy by 49.81%. We believe that MagSound can contribute to practical applications of wireless earphones-based sensing.
Voicify Your UI
Authors: Vu Minh Duc , Wang Han , Li Zhuang , Haffari Gholamreza , Xing Zhenchang , Chen Chunyang
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, voice assistants help users complete tasks on the smartphone with voice commands, replacing traditional touchscreen interactions when such interactions are inhibited. However, the usability of those tools remains moderate due to the problems in understanding rich language variations in human commands, along with efficiency and comprehensibility issues. Therefore, we introduce Voicify, an Android virtual assistant that allows users to interact with on-screen elements in mobile apps through voice commands. Using a novel deep learning command parser, Voicify interprets human verbal input and performs matching with UI elements. In addition, the tool can directly open a specific feature from installed applications by fetching application code information to explore the set of in-app components. Our command parser achieved 90% accuracy on the human command dataset. Furthermore, the direct feature invocation module achieves better feature coverage in comparison to Google Assistant. The user study demonstrates the usefulness of Voicify in real-world scenarios.
A Landmark-free Approach for Surface Asymmetry Detection and Profile Drawings from Bilaterally Symmetrical Geometry
Authors: Shui Wuyang , Wei Pianpian , Zheng Xia , Geng Shengling
Published: March 2023

Bilaterally symmetrical objects represent a large and important proportion of archaeological artifacts and biological objects. The identification of the plane of symmetry plays a vital role in quantifying surface asymmetry and producing profile drawings in archaeology and anthropology. The correct recognition of symmetry provides evidence to allow experts to restore damaged artifacts, assess consistency in artifact manufacture, and examine morphological variability in human development. With the increasing availability of archaeological and anthropological three-dimensional (3D) meshes, landmark-based and landmark-free morphometric methods for detecting planes of symmetry have both been proposed. However, the landmark-based approach requires manual identification of landmark locations, and hence they are time-consuming and prone to error. Additionally, the landmark-independent morphometric method is influenced by missing data. This study presents an effective landmark-free approach to approximate the best-fitted plane of symmetry from nearly bilaterally symmetrical objects by means of finding the plane with the minimum geometric differences between the original and mirrored meshes. Subsequently, a global and regional method is carried out to quantify surface asymmetry, reducing the effect of the size and orientation of 3D meshes on gross asymmetry detection. Finally, profile drawings are produced by computing the intersections of the plane of symmetry and 3D meshes. Both synthetic and real objects are used to evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method. Our results show the approximated plane of symmetry generated by the proposed method is consistent with that determined by anatomical landmarks, and no significant differences in asymmetry ratio representing the degree of gross asymmetry are found between the landmark-based and proposed methods. These results demonstrate that the proposed method provides a suitable plane of symmetry from a bilaterally symmetrical object with small geometric distortion or simple missing geometry, thereby speeding up asymmetry detection and profile drawings.
Pi-ViMo: Physiology-inspired Robust Vital Sign Monitoring using mmWave Radars
Authors: Zhang Bo , Jiang Boyu , Zheng Rong , Zhang Xiaoping , Li Jun , Xu Qiang
Published: March 2023

Continuous monitoring of human vital signs using non-contact mmWave radars is attractive due to their ability to penetrate garments and operate under different lighting conditions. Unfortunately, most prior research requires subjects to stay at a fixed distance from radar sensors and to remain still during monitoring. These restrictions limit the applications of radar vital sign monitoring in real life scenarios. In this article, we address these limitations and present Pi-ViMo, a non-contact
P
hysiology-
i
nspired Robust
Vi
tal Sign
Mo
nitoring system, using mmWave radars. We first derive a multi-scattering point model for the human body, and introduce a coherent combining of multiple scatterings to enhance the quality of estimated chest-wall movements. It enables vital sign estimations of subjects at any location in a radar’s field of view (FoV). We then propose a template matching method to extract human vital signs by adopting physical models of respiration and cardiac activities. The proposed method is capable to separate respiration and heartbeat in the presence of micro-level random body movements (RBM) when a subject is at any location within the field of view of a radar. Experiments in a radar testbed show average respiration rate errors of 6% and heart rate errors of 11.9% for the stationary subjects, and average errors of 13.5% for respiration rate and 13.6% for heart rate for subjects under different RBMs.
Australian Men’s Sheds and Their Role in the Health and Wellbeing of Men: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barbagallo Michael S. , Brito Sara , Porter Joanne E.
Published: March 2023

Men’s sheds are a community-based organisation that allows a space for a community of men to interact and engage with one another with hands-on activities. As such, men’s sheds form an appropriate setting to deliver health and wellbeing initiatives. This review aims to understand the role of Australian men’s sheds with respect to the health and wellbeing of their male participants. This review was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) following a three-step process of planning, conducting, and reporting the review. All three authors reviewed all the eligible articles. There was significant methodological heterogeneity between the sources identified (n = 11). A narrative synthesis identified three key themes: health promotion, wellbeing, and socialisation; intergenerational mentoring; and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men’s health. Men’s sheds serve as ideal locations for the delivery of initiatives that can positively impact on the health and wellbeing of their male participants. Furthermore, research is needed to explore the implementation and evaluation of these health and wellbeing initiatives for men in their respective communities.
Physical and Economic Valuation for Nontimber Forest Products (NTFPs) of Surra Government Plantation in the Upper Hare-Baso Rivers Catchment, Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Mada Genesha , Anjulo Agena , Gelaw Abren
Published: March 2023

The study aimed to estimate the physical and monetary values for nontimber forest products (NTFP) of the Surra government plantation in the upper Hare-Baso rivers catchment of Gamo highlands, southwestern Ethiopia. The Surra government plantation was established in the mid-1980s and consisted of C. lusitanica, E. globulus, and P. radiata tree species, which were planted side by side. Because of food insecurity, forest proximity communities/inhabitants relied on extracting NTFP such as litter and fodder for income and livestock feed despite none of them being physically and monetarily accounted for. The plot method and stock change approach were applied to determine sample plots and collect litter data, respectively, while the active market price was used to account for monetary correspondences. Fodder data were acquired via integration of animal unit month (AUM), livestock carrying capacity, animal unit equivalent (AUE/TLU), quality of pasture (poor), and proper use factor (30%). Its monetary price data were collected from the local market. The gross total production of litter and grass/fodder was 158,614.90 kg and 284,076 kg per/year, respectively, while the corresponding monetary values were ETB 206,169.40 and ETB 255,669, respectively. However, the “proper use factor”-based physical value of fodder/grass was 85,224 kg per/year, and its corresponding monetary value was ETB 76,701. The average physical value (volume) of grass production/year during the wet and dry seasons was 56.67 kg and 96.67 kg, and its mean monetary price/kg was ETB 1.4 and 1.2, respectively. It was concluded that the fodder/grass data collected via the integrated approach reduced the accounting errors, and the data were more precise. Accounting for the economic values of litter and fodder embedded in the market price upscaled the accounting quality and was more indicative of ground facts. Therefore, this study contributed a fresh accounting approach to the field of NTFP accounting.
Comparison of Urine and Genital Samples for Detecting Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in Clinical Patients
Authors: Yang Hui , Luo Zhao-Yun , Lin Fen , Li Lie-Jun , Lu Min , Xie Long-Xu , Yang Li-Ye
Published: March 2023

Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate HPV DNA detection and genotyping on paired genital and urine samples and to evaluate if urine samples could be used to monitor HPV infection. Methods. Study subjects were recruited from one local hospital in Guangdong of China from September 1, 2011, to June 30, 2012. They were invited to participate if they have taken an HPV genotyping assay for clinical diagnosis of the genital-urinary disease or for a health check-up 3–5 days ago. DNA was extracted from paired genital and urine samples; genotyping was performed with the GenoArray assay. Results. A total of 250 patients were recruited, which included 203 females and 47 males. Our results showed that the overall agreement on HPV status between the paired samples was 77.1% (155/201, 95% CI: 0.713–0.829) for females, with a kappa value of 0.523 (95% CI: 0.469–0.632), while the agreement was extremely low in the paired male samples. As to individual genotyping, the greatest agreement was found for HPV16 type-specific identification in females (96.02%, 0.933–0.987), followed by the other 12 high oncogenic risk (HR-HPV) types, while the agreement for low-risk HPV detection is poor (κ < 0.6). Agreement between paired samples showed that HPV detection had a significantly greater concordance in the samples obtained in females than males (p = 0.002). Moreover, the agreement for low-risk HPV detection was significantly lower as compared to HR-HPV detection (48.1% vs. 62.3%,p = 0.044). Conclusion. Despite reduced sensitivity, HPV detection in urine closely represents the same trend that is seen with genital sampling. Urine appears to be an appropriate surrogate sample for HPV DNA detection in women with very limited access to healthcare, while the utility of urine for HPV DNA detection in males is less certain.
Genomic and Immune Features in an Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Patient with Microsatellite Instability-High Suffered Rapid Acquired Resistance to PD-1 Inhibitor
Authors: Cheng Zhuo , Zeng Tianmei , Yang Guang , Liu Di , Zheng Zhi , Yuan Zhengang
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly aggressive liver malignancy with poor prognosis. Recently, the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors, has emerged as a promising strategy in multiple tumor types, including ICC. Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) is an important biomarker for ICIs in solid tumors. The response rate in patients with MSI-H is significantly higher than in those with microsatellite stability/microsatellite instability-low. And approximately 80–90% of the patients with MSI-H could maintain sustained clinical benefits once they had an initial response. However, some patients could have primary resistance at the beginning, and some might have acquired resistance after long-term treatment. Case Presentation: We present the case of an ICC patient with MSI-H who suffered rapid progression after a short-term remission with camrelizumab, a kind of PD-1 inhibitor, as second-line treatment. The patient’s genomic and immune features were analyzed by next-generation sequencing and multiplex immunofluorescence staining to explore the possible mechanisms of the rapidly acquired resistance of ICIs in this MSI-H case. Conclusion: The genomic and immunohistochemical analysis showed that TGFBR2 mutation, loss of HLA B44 supertype, carrying B62 supertype, and increased PD-L1+ cells, macrophages, and Tregs in the tumor microenvironment might be related to the nonsustain benefit of ICIs in this MSI-H patient.
Algumas observações sobre a Biologia das Aves e Mamíferos Sul-Americanos
Authors: Soares B. M.
Published: March 2023

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Algumas considerações sobre os generos da subfamilia serrasalmoninae
Authors: Campos A. Amaral
Published: March 2023

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Indice Alfabético
Authors: Editores Os
Published: March 2023

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Tomar o aparato: as experiências de Brecht no cinema
Authors: Gutierrez Maria Alzuguir
Published: March 2023

Este artigo aborda as diversas experiências de Brecht no cinema, na elaboração de inúmeros argumentos e roteiros não filmados e em sua participação na realização de filmes como Kuhle Wampe e Os carrascos também morrem. A apresentação e a análise de tais experiências propicia-nos um conhecimento mais aprofundado das ideias e da obra de Brecht, além de uma reflexão sobre o meio cinematográfico.
Atividades de estágio na licenciatura em língua alemã: processos de conscientização no planejamento de aula
Authors: Silveira Ana Clara Neves , Uphoff Dörthe
Published: March 2023

O artigo tem por objetivo discutir os processos de reflexão e conscientização sobre categorias didáticas do planejamento de aula, que ocorreram no âmbito da disciplina “Atividades de Estágio: Alemão” na Universidade de São Paulo no segundo semestre de 2019. Nesse sentido, apresentar-se-ão primeiro algumas noções teóricas sobre modelos e funções do estágio na formação docente no Brasil e na Alemanha, além de um panorama das principais mudanças que ocorreram, nos últimos vinte anos, nas resoluções do Conselho Nacional de Educação concernentes às atividades de estágio nos cursos brasileiros de licenciatura. Na sequência, a análise dos dados empíricos focalizará os processos de conscientização que ocorreram no grupo de licenciandas investigado, no que diz respeito à sua percepção sobre a variedade de objetivos possíveis no ensino de alemão, bem como às funções didáticas de diferentes fases de uma aula, com ênfase na fase inicial. Algumas reflexões sobre a importância da mentoria na formação inicial de professoras concluirão este estudo.
Uma abordagem construcionista para os diferentes usos de levar
Authors: Stein Allan Costa
Published: March 2023

Propõe-se uma abordagem integrada dos diferentes usos de levar, a partir de uma perspectiva construcionista baseada no uso (Bybee, 2010; Traugott e Trousdale, 2013; Goldberg, 1996, 2005; Langacker, 2008; Croft, 2001; entre outros). Assim, além de se caracterizarem alguns dos principais empregos desse verbo nos dados do Corpus do Português (Davies e Ferreira, 2008), apresentam-se hipóteses acerca das relações de herança que as construções mais idiossincráticas mantêm com a Construção de Movimento Causado (CMC) – considerada o contexto de uso mais prototípico do verbo levar (Stein, 2020; Paz e Silva, 2009). Com relação aos empregos considerados, constatou-se que levar ocorre preferencialmente em construções de verbo-suporte, como [levar vantagem] e [levar a vida], ambas vinculadas ao esquema [levar SN]; também são muito comuns no corpus construções mais procedurais, a exemplo do conector [levando em conta], que estabelece relação de causa do tipo ‘se X, então Y’. Quanto às relações de herança, há evidências de que o esquema de verbo-suporte [levar X] viabiliza, pelo menos em parte, diversas construções independentes, funcionando como ponto de contato entre elas e a CMC. Embora as construções elencadas não sejam descritas exaustivamente, apresenta-se aqui um inventário de tais unidades, para que sejam investigadas com mais detalhe em trabalhos futuros.
Apresentação
Authors: Toledo Neto Sílvio de Almeida
Published: March 2023

O volume 24, n.º1, da revista Filologia e Linguística Portuguesa apresenta artigos de interesse para os estudiosos da Filologia, mais especificamente, da Crítica Textual, assim como de diferentes tópicos da Linguística, como a Linguística Histórica, a História da Língua Portuguesa e a Análise do Discurso.
O artigo que abre o volume intitula-se Entre gritos bárbaros e jornais: a vida poética de Moacyr de Almeida. No texto, Mário Newman de Queiroz trata da obra do poeta carioca Moacyr de Almeida (*1902-†1925). Apresenta os resultados de um cotejo entre a impressão póstuma e as publicações em vida do autor, a partir dos quais constata diferenças textuais significativas. Questiona-se sobre as decisões que envolvem a preparação de uma edição crítica da obra.
No texto seguinte, Luiz Henrique Milani Queriquelli examina a questão que apresenta no título: Do gerúndio e gerundivo latinos ao gerúndio português: consensos revisados e descobertas incidentais. Em sua pesquisa, o autor procura revisar o consenso de que o gerúndio português deriva do gerúndio ablativo latino, a partir da hipótese de que o gerundivo latino possa ter tido participação na deriva da forma portuguesa.
O terceiro artigo do volume intitula-se Uma abordagem construcionista para os diferentes usos de levar. Nesse texto, Allan Costa Stein propõe uma abordagem integrada e preliminar dos diferentes usos de levar, a partir de uma perspectiva construcionista baseada no uso. Caracterizam-se alguns dos principais empregos do verbo nos dados do Corpus do Português e apresentam-se hipóteses quanto às relações de herança que as construções mais idiossincráticas mantêm com a Construção de Movimento Causado (CMC).
Segue-se o artigo de Patrícia Santos de Jesus Brito e Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira Lacerda, intitulado Para a história do português popular brasileiro: edições fac-similar, semidiplomática e modernizada de Cartas Marienses (século XX). Apresentam-se as edições fac-similar, semidiplomática e modernizada das Cartas Marienses e aborda-se a importância da constituição de um banco de dados para a história social e linguística do português popular brasileiro.
No quinto artigo do volume, intitulado Atenuação e intensificação em falas de políticos: um estudo pela Pragmática Histórica, os autores Ronaldo Batista e Mariana Andrade Ogasawara propõem uma análise e comparação das manifestações linguísticas atenuadas e intensificadas, utilizadas como tática de persuasão do público eleitor durante entrevistas concedidas ao programa televisivo Roda Viva, antes dos pleitos de 1989 e de 2018. Parte-se do preceito de que houve alterações no uso da linguagem em circunscrições temporais distintas.
Conclui o volume o texto de Erenildo Queiroz de Souza e Márcia Cristina de Brito Rumeu, sob o título A propagação do você pelas estruturas sociais: uma análise linguístico-social entre os séculos XIX e XX. Os autores descrevem analiticamente as estratégias de referência ao sujeito de segunda pessoa do singular, correlacionando-as com as relações sociais que as embasam na produção escrita mineira dos séculos XIX e XX.
A propagação do você pelas estruturas sociais: uma análise linguístico-social entre os séculos XIX e XX.
Authors: Souza Erenildo Queiroz de , Rumeu Márcia Cristina de Brito
Published: March 2023

A proposta principal deste trabalho é a de descrever analiticamente as estratégias de referência ao sujeito de 2SG (vossa mercê, você, tu), correlacionando-as às relações sociais que as embasam na produção escrita mineira dos séculos XIX e XX, à luz da Teoria do Poder e da Solidariedade (BROWN & GILMAN, 1960), dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Sociolinguística Histórica (HERNÁNDEZ-CAMPOY & SHILLING, 2012) e da Sociolinguística Variacionista (WEINREICH, LABOV & HERZOG, 1968; LABOV, 1994). Assumimos como hipótese o fato de o você ser mais produtivo do que o tu, cf. Lopes et alii (2018), Lopes & Rumeu (2015), Rumeu (2020), em amostras históricas dos séculos XIX e XX. Com base na produção escrita de redatores brasileiros entre os séculos XIX e XX, observamos que as formas tu e você predominam nas relações simétricas, o que sugere o encaminhamento da sociedade brasileira pelos domínios da Solidariedade (BROWN & GILMAN, 1960), ao passo que o vossa mercê se deixa evidenciar restrito às relações assimétricas ascendentes (de inferior para superior), cf. Lopes & Rumeu (2015).
ZBP1 Protects Against mtDNA-Induced Myocardial Inflammation in Failing Hearts
Authors: Enzan Nobuyuki , Matsushima Shouji , Ikeda Soichiro , Okabe Kosuke , Ishikita Akihito , Yamamoto Taishi , Sada Masashi , Miyake Ryo , Tsutsui Yoshitomo , Nishimura Ryohei , Toyohara Takayuki , Ikeda Yuki , Shojima Yoko , Miyamoto Hiroko Deguchi , Tadokoro Tomonori , Ikeda Masataka , Abe Kohtaro , Ide Tomomi , Kinugawa Shintaro , Tsutsui Hiroyuki
Published: March 2023

Background:

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-induced myocardial inflammation is intimately involved in cardiac remodeling. ZBP1 (Z-DNA binding protein 1) is a pattern recognition receptor positively regulating inflammation in response to mtDNA in inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. However, the role of ZBP1 in myocardial inflammation and cardiac remodeling remains unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of ZBP1 in mtDNA-induced inflammation in cardiomyocytes and failing hearts.

Methods:

mtDNA was administrated into isolated cardiomyocytes. Myocardial infarctionwas conducted in wild type and ZBP1 knockout mice.

Results:

We here found that, unlike in macrophages, ZBP1 knockdown unexpectedly exacerbated mtDNA-induced inflammation such as increases in IL (interleukin)-1β and IL-6, accompanied by increases in RIPK3 (receptor interacting protein kinase 3), phosphorylated NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB), and NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich-repeat family pyrin domain containing 3) in cardiomyocytes. RIPK3 knockdown canceled further increases in phosphorylated NF-κB, NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-6 by ZBP1 knockdown in cardiomyocytes in response to mtDNA. Furthermore, NF-κB knockdown suppressed such increases in NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-6 by ZBP1 knockdown in response to mtDNA. CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide, a Toll-like receptor 9 stimulator, increased RIPK3, IL-1β, and IL-6 and ZBP1 knockdown exacerbated them. Dloop, a component of mtDNA, but not
Tert
and
B2m
, components of nuclear DNA, was increased in cytosolic fraction from noninfarcted region of mouse hearts after myocardial infarction compared with control hearts. Consistent with this change, ZBP1, RIPK3, phosphorylated NF-κB, NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-6 were increased in failing hearts. ZBP1 knockout mice exacerbated left ventricular dilatation and dysfunction after myocardial infarction, accompanied by further increases in RIPK3, phosphorylated NF-κB, NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-6. In histological analysis, ZBP1 knockout increased interstitial fibrosis and myocardial apoptosis in failing hearts.

Conclusions:

Our study reveals unexpected protective roles of ZBP1 against cardiac remodeling as an endogenous suppressor of mtDNA-induced myocardial inflammation.
Identifying Reasons for Statin Nonuse in Patients With Diabetes Using Deep Learning of Electronic Health Records
Authors: Sarraju Ashish , Zammit Alban , Ngo Summer , Witting Celeste , Hernandez‐Boussard Tina , Rodriguez Fatima
Published: March 2023

Background

Statins are guideline‐recommended medications that reduce cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. Yet, statin use is concerningly low in this high‐risk population. Identifying reasons for statin nonuse, which are typically described in unstructured electronic health record data, can inform targeted system interventions to improve statin use. We aimed to leverage a deep learning approach to identify reasons for statin nonuse in patients with diabetes.

Methods and Results

Adults with diabetes and no statin prescriptions were identified from a multiethnic, multisite Northern California electronic health record cohort from 2014 to 2020. We used a benchmark deep learning natural language processing approach (Clinical Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) to identify statin nonuse and reasons for statin nonuse from unstructured electronic health record data. Performance was evaluated against expert clinician review from manual annotation of clinical notes and compared with other natural language processing approaches. Of 33 461 patients with diabetes (mean age 59±15 years, 49% women, 36% White patients, 24% Asian patients, and 15% Hispanic patients), 47% (15 580) had no statin prescriptions. From unstructured data, Clinical Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers accurately identified statin nonuse (area under receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.99 [0.98–1.0]) and key patient (eg, side effects/contraindications), clinician (eg, guideline‐discordant practice), and system reasons (eg, clinical inertia) for statin nonuse (AUC 0.90 [0.86–0.93]) and outperformed other natural language processing approaches. Reasons for nonuse varied by clinical and demographic characteristics, including race and ethnicity.

Conclusions

A deep learning algorithm identified statin nonuse and actionable reasons for statin nonuse in patients with diabetes. Findings may enable targeted interventions to improve guideline‐directed statin use and be scaled to other evidence‐based therapies.
Tychobythinus antojandro sp. nov., a new troglobitic species of Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from Andalusia, Spain
Authors: HERNANDO CARLES , PÉREZ TONI
Published: March 2023

A new troglobitic species of the subfamily Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), Tychobythinus antojandro sp. nov., is described from a cave in south Spain. The main diagnostic features based on male and female specimens are listed and illustrated. The new species shows evident adaptations to cave life, such as reduced eyes with only three ommatidia; reddish-brown in colour; absence of hind wings; and elongate legs and antennae. It can be easily separated from the rest of the Iberian species by the different shape of the aedeagus. So far, Tychobythinus antojandro sp. nov. is known only from its type locality, the limestone cave G.E.V.-2 in the Sierra de Cazorla in southern Spain.
Identification of Novel m6A-Related Long Non-Coding RNA Signatures for Cholangiocarcinoma Using Integrated Bioinformatics Analyses
Authors: Jin Zhe , Liu Yahui
Published: March 2023

Traditional methods used to treat cholangiocarcinoma are less effective, and the identification of new CHOL signature genes can help in the early clinical diagnosis and intervention of cholangiocarcinoma. In this work, we used integrated bioinformatics analysis to find new m6a-associated
lncRNA signatures in cholangiocarcinoma. Pearson correlation test was used to identify m6A-lncRNAs by co-expression analysis of m6A-mrna and lncRNAs. we then selected m6A-lncRNAs co-expressed with METTL3 and METTL14 genes and screened for DEm6A-lncRNAs by comparing expression differences.
we then used R package of Spearman coefficient correlation analysis to investigate the relevance of m6A-lncrna expression in CHOL. To determine the relative levels of immune cell infiltration, we performed ssGSEA analysis on all samples using the R package, and then we used graphs to illustrate
the differences in immune cell infiltration between the CHOL and NC groups. The results of this study will help to identify new CHOL-causing biosignatures, which are important for the early clinical detection and management of CHOL.
Experimental method research and miniature durability test-bench design of electric sliding door
Authors: Lu Wei , Yao Zhipeng , Yao Jia , Tang Rongjiang , He Shuilong
Published: March 2023

With recent enhancements in vehicle electrification, electric sliding doors have received significant research attention; however, the testing methods for the sliding doors components need to be improved. Herein, according to the durability evaluation index of sliding doors, a miniaturized durability test bench is designed for the electronic lock system and sliding door power output mechanism assembly. The motion trajectory of the electronic lock system can be fitted as a circular arc curve through dynamic characteristics analysis; therefore, a four-bar linkage with a flexible link is used to simulate the trajectory. Through the finite element simulation method, the test-bench stress is calculated at room temperature and a high temperature (75°C); this facilitates the selection of an appropriate material (GCr15). This experimental method is an economical, reliable, and accurate scheme to standardize the durability test of the electronic lock system and power output mechanism assembly.
Analysis of clinical diagnosis and treatment of intestinal volvulus
Authors: Fo Yuhong , Kang Xiaoyu , Tang Yongqiang , Zhao Lifang
Published: March 2023

Background

The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment experience of intestinal volvulus, and to analyze the incidence of adverse events and related risk factors of intestinal volvulus.

Methods

Thirty patients with intestinal volvulus admitted to the Digestive Emergency Department of Xijing Hospital from January 2015 to December 2020 were selected. The clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.

Results

A total of 30 patients with volvulus were enrolled in this study, including 23 males (76.7%), with a median age of 52 years (33–66 years). The main clinical manifestations were abdominal pain in 30 cases (100%), nausea and vomiting in 20 cases (67.7%), cessation of exhaust and defecation in 24 cases (80%), and fever in 11 cases (36.7%). The positions of intestinal volvulus were jejunum in 11 cases (36.7%), ileum and ileocecal in 10 cases (33.3%), sigmoid colon in 9 cases (30%). All 30 patients received surgical treatment. Among the 30 patients underwent surgery, 11 patients developed intestinal necrosis. We found that the longer the disease duration (> 24 h), the higher the incidence of intestinal necrosis, and the higher the incidence of ascites, white blood cell count and neutrophil ratio in the intestinal necrosis group were significantly higher than those in the non-intestinal necrosis group (p < 0.05). After treatment, 1 patient died of septic shock after operation, and 2 patients with recurrent volvulus were followed up within 1 year. The overall cure rate was 90%, the mortality rate was 3.3%, and the recurrence rate was 6.6%.

Conclusion

Laboratory examination, abdominal CT and dual-source CT are very important for the diagnosis of volvulus in patients with abdominal pain as the main symptom. Increased white blood cell count, neutrophil ratio, ascites and long course of disease are important for predicting intestinal volvulus accompanied by intestinal necrosis. Early diagnosis and timely intervention can save lives and prevent serious complications.
Successful pregnancy in the blind hemicavity of Robert’s uterus: a rare case report and brief literature review
Authors: Dong Lingling , Qin Shi , Che Ronghua , Pei Jindan , Hua Xiaolin
Published: March 2023

Background

Robert’s uterus is a rare congenital anomaly, characterized as an asymmetric septate uterus that has a blind hemicavity with unilateral menstrual fluid retention and a unicornuate hemicavity connecting to the cervix unimpededly. Patients with Robert’s uterus generally present with menstrual disorders and dysmenorrhea, and some may have reproductive problems as well, including infertility, recurrent miscarriage, preterm labor and obstetric complications. In this case, we describe a successful pregnancy implanted on the obstructed hemicavity and delivered a liveborn girl. Meanwhile, we highlight diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties in patients with atypical symptoms of Robert’s uterus.

Case presentation

A 30-year-old Chinese primigravida sought for emergency treatment at 26 weeks and 2 days of gestation because of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). At the age of 19, the patient was misdiagnosed with hyperprolactinemia and pituitary microadenoma for showing symptom of hypomenorrhea and was suspected to have a uterine septum in the first trimester. She was diagnosed with Robert’s uterus at 22 weeks of gestation by repetitious prenatal transvaginal ultrasonography, which was subsequently confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. At 26 weeks and 3 days of gestation, the patient was suspected to have oligohydramnion, irregular uterine contraction, and umbilical cord prolapse, and she expressed a strong will of saving the baby. Emergency cesarean delivery was performed and a small hole, together with several weak spots, was found at the lower and back wall of the septum of the patient. The treatment was effective and both the mother and the infant, who had an extremely low birth weight, were discharged in good health conditions.

Conclusions

Pregnancy in the blind cavity of Robert's uterus with living neonates is incredibly rare. In our case, the favorable outcome may result from the unusual hole found at the septum, which may play a role in communicating amniotic fluid between the two hemicavities so to keep the neonate alive. we highlight the importance of early diagnosis and pre-pregnancy treatment of this uterine malformation, and the timely termination of pregnancy, for improving birth quality and reducing mortality.
Comparative efficacy of different combinations of acapella, active cycle of breathing technique, and external diaphragmatic pacing in perioperative patients with lung cancer: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Chen Xiaoxue , Li Chuanzhen , Zeng Linjuan , Rong Tiehua , Lin Peng , Wang Qinglin , Guo Zhixing , Long Hao , Zhong Jiudi
Published: March 2023

Background

Acapella plus active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT), external diaphragm pacemaker (EDP) plus ACBT have been shown to facilitate the recovery of functional capacity and lung function in patients suffering from airway obstruction but the efficacy in perioperative patients with lung cancer has not been proven.

Methods

We conducted a three-arm, prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded, controlled trial in patients with lung cancer who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy or segmentectomy in the department of thoracic surgery, China. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive Acapella plus ACBT, EDP plus ACBT, or ACBT group (control group) using SAS software. The primary outcome was functional capacity, measured by the 6-minute walk test (6MWT).

Results

We recruited 363 participants over 17 months: 123 assigned to the Acapella plus ACBT group, 119 to the EDP plus ACBT group, and 121 to the ACBT group. Statistically significant differences were noted for functional capacity between the EDP plus ACBT and control groups at each follow-up time (1-week follow-up: difference = 47.25 m, 95% CI, 31.56–62.93; P < 0.001; and 1-month follow-up: difference = 49.72 m, 95% CI, 34.04–65.41; P < 0.001), between the Acapella plus ACBT and control groups at postoperative week 1 (difference = 35.23 m, 95% CI, 19.30–51.16; P < 0.001) and postoperative month 1 (difference = 34.96 m, 95% CI, 19.03–50.89; P < 0.001), and between the EDP plus ACBT and Acapella plus ACBT groups at 1-month follow-up (difference = 14.76 m, 95% CI, 1.34–28.19; P = 0.0316).

Conclusion

EDP plus ACBT and Acapella plus ACBT significantly improved functional capacity and lung function in perioperative patients with lung cancer, compared with single-model ACBT, and the effects of EDP plus ACBT were clearly superior to those of other programs.

Trial registration

The study was registered in the clinical trial database (clinicaltrials.gov) on June 4, 2021 (No. NCT04914624).
The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers may relate to the survival and walking ability in geriatric patients with hip fractures: a 1-year follow-up study
Authors: Chu Qining , Wang Liqiang , Chu Qingbo
Published: March 2023

Background

Many elder patients with hip fractures also suffered from hypertension. This study aims to explore the relationship between the use of ACEI or ARB and the outcomes of geriatric hip fractures.

Methods

All the patients were divided into four groups: non-users without hypertension, non-users with hypertension, ACEI users, and ARB users. The outcomes of patients in different groups were compared. LASSO regression and univariable Cox analysis were used for variable screening. Then Cox models and Logistics models were established to identify the relationships between the use of RAAS inhibitors and outcomes.

Results

ACER users (p = 0.016) and ARB users (p = 0.027) had a significantly lower survival probability than the non-users with hypertension. Non-users without hypertension, ACEI users, and ARB users may face lower 6-month and 1-year mortalities and higher 6-month and 1-year free walking rates compared with non-users with hypertension.

Conclusion

Patients with the use of ACEI or ARB may face a better prognosis of hip fractures.
Association between depression and dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls: multiple mediating effects of binge eating and sleep quality
Authors: Li Yingzhen , Kang Baixue , Zhao Xueyan , Cui Xuena , Chen Jie , Wang Lijie
Published: March 2023

Background

Dysmenorrhea has a significant negative impact on teenagers’ quality of life, and its prevalence is increasing annually. Although studies have explored the factors affecting dysmenorrhea, it remains unclear how these factors interact with one another. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of binge eating and sleep quality between depression and dysmenorrhea.

Methods

This cross-sectional study recruited adolescent girls from the Health Status Survey of adolescents in Jinan, Shandong Province, and used multistage stratified cluster random sampling. Data was collected using an electronic questionnaire between March 9, 2022, and June 20, 2022. The Numerical Rating Scale and Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale were used to assess dysmenorrhea and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess depression. The mediation model was tested by Mplus 8.0, and the mediating effect was analyzed using the Product of Coefficients approach and the Bootstrap method.

Results

Among the total of 7818 adolescent girls included in this study, the prevalence of dysmenorrhea is 60.5%. A significant positive association was found between dysmenorrhea and depression. Binge eating and sleep quality seemingly mediate this association. The mediating effect of sleep quality (21.31%) was greater than that of binge eating (6.18%).

Conclusions

The findings of this study point in the right direction for preventing and treating dysmenorrhea in adolescents. For adolescent dysmenorrhea, mental health should be considered and proactive steps taken for educating adolescents on healthy lifestyles to reduce negative consequences of dysmenorrhea. Longitudinal studies on the causal link and influence mechanisms between depression and dysmenorrhea should be conducted in the future.
Women on the frontline of Covid-19: understanding local women village health volunteers in the northern province of Thailand
Authors: Sukhampha Rangsan , Khwanriang Prin , Vaisamruat Krisana
Published: March 2023

Background

This paper investigates the role of local women village health volunteers, women on the frontline, during COVID-19 in the northern province of Thailand.

Methods

This research employs a qualitative method with grounded-based analysis of primary data from in-depth interviews of 40 local women village health volunteers that were selected by a purposeful sampling of 10 key informants per district, live in 4 sub-districts in Chiang Mai, the northern province of Thailand: Suthep Subdistrict, Mae Hia Subdistrict, Fa Ham Subdistrict, and Tha Sala Subdistrict.

Results

The role of local women village health volunteers during COVID-19 is diverse, such as community health caregivers, the Surveillance and Rapid Response Team (SRRT), health facilitators and mediators, and the manager of community health funds and resources mobilization. Volunteering for local women in community health services at the local level, participating based on personal desire and foreseeable opportunities, could create meaningful participation for the local women in terms of empowering them and as a driver of local community (health) development.

Conclusions

Findings reveal that understanding local women’s perspectives on their roles could be made through the lens of the intersection of femininity, social role, motivation, and their contribution to their community.
Time-dependent event accumulation in a cardiovascular outcome trial of patients with type 2 diabetes and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Authors: Bethel M. Angelyn , Sourij Harald , Stevens Susanna R. , Hannan Karen , Lokhnygina Yuliya , Adler Amanda I. , Peterson Eric D. , Holman Rury R. , Lopes Renato D.
Published: March 2023

Background

Estimating cardiovascular (CV) event accrual is important for outcome trial planning. Limited data exist describing event accrual patterns in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We compared apparent CV event accrual patterns with true event rates in the Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS).

Methods

Centrally adjudicated event dates and accrual rates for a 4-point major adverse CV event composite (MACE-4; includes CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or unstable angina hospitalization), MACE-4 components, all-cause mortality (ACM), and heart failure hospitalization were compiled. We used three graphical methods (Weibull probability plot, plot of negative log of the Kaplan–Meier survival distribution estimate, and the Epanechnikov kernel-smoothed estimate of the hazard rate) to examine hazard rate morphology over time for the 7 outcomes.

Results

Plots for all outcomes showed real-time constant event hazard rates for the duration of the follow-up, confirmed by Weibull shape parameters. The Weibull shape parameters for ACM (1.14, 95% CI 1.08–1.21) and CV death (1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.16) were not sufficiently > 1 as to require non-constant hazard rate models to accurately depict the data. The time lag between event occurrence and event adjudication being completed, the adjudication gap, improved over the course of the trial.

Conclusions

In TECOS, the nonfatal event hazard rates were constant over time. Small increases over time in the hazard rate for fatal events would not require complex modelling to predict event accrual, providing confidence in traditional modelling methods for predicting CV outcome trial event rates in this population. The adjudication gap provides a useful metric to monitor within-trial event accrual patterns.

Clinical trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00790205.