bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational Identification and Illustrative Standard for Representation of Unimolecular G-Quadruplex Secondary Structures (CIIS-GQ)
Authors: Doluca Osman , Direk Tugay
Published: June 2024

G-quadruplexes refer to a large group of nucleic
acid-based structures. In recent years, they have been attracting
attention due to their biological roles in the telomeres and
promoter regions. These structures show wide diversity in
topology, however, development of methods for structural
classification of G-quadruplexes has been evaded for a long time.
There has been a limited number of studies aiming to bring forth
a secondary structure classification method. The situation was
even more complex than imagined, since the discovery of bulged
and mismatched G-quadruplexes while most of the available
tools fail to distinguish these non-canonical G-quadruplex motifs.
Moreover, the interpretation of their analysis output still
requires expert knowledge. In this study, we propose a new
method for identification of unimolecular G Quadruplexes and
classification by secondary structures based on three-dimensional
structural data. Briefly, coordinates of guanines are processed to
identify tetrads, loops and bulges. Then, we present the
secondary structure in the form of a depiction which shows the
loop types, bulges and guanines that participate in each tetrad.
Finally, the results of our study are compared with DSSR and
ElTetrado classification methods, and the advantages of the proposed depiction
method for representing secondary structures were discussed.
Topological weak-measurement-induced geometric phases revisited
Authors: Puentes Graciana
Published: June 2024

We present an analytic and numerica study of a class of geometric phase induced by weak measurements. In particular, we analyze the dependence of the geometric phase on the winding W of the polar angle φ, upon a sequence of N weak measurements of increased magnitude (c), resulting in the appearance of a multiplicity of critical measurement-strength parameters where the geometric phase becomes stochastic. Adding to the novelty of our approach, we not only analyze the weak-measurement-induced geometric phase by a full analytic derivation, valid in the quasi-continuous limit (N → ∞), but also we analyze the induced geometric phase numerically, thus enabling us to unravel the finite-N interplay of the geometric phase with the measurement strength parameter, and its stability to perturbations in the measurements protocol.
Plant communities under different land uses along an elevational gradient
Authors: Miguel M. Florencia
Published: June 2024

Species richness and composition in plant communities change with altitude. Currently, species are facing challenges caused by several drivers of global changes, such as climate change and land use change, which may alter their distribution patterns. Novel ecosystems imposed by anthropogenic activities pose new contexts for evaluating classic ecological hypotheses. In this study, I evaluated the distributional patterns of plant species along an elevational gradient in sites under different land uses in a dry mountainous region. Specifically, I registered species richness and composition of plant communities. Total number of plant species significantly varied among altitudes, registering a peak at mid-elevations. Exotic and native species registered a peak at mid-elevations and cultivated species decreased with altitude. Moreover, the number of species grouped per growth form varied with altitude depending on the growth form considered. As expected, plant species distribution followed a humped pattern in the dry mountainous region studied, and land usesimpacted on the composition of plant communities. In this context, private lands offer an excellent opportunity for developing conservation projects. I recommend the maintenance of areas with native vegetation and the designing of home gardens using native plants that may ensure the conservation of biodiversity and the associated ecological processes in anthropic modified landscapes.
Analyzing MHD Williamson fluid over a porous stretching sheet with heat and mass transfer by applying Chebyshev Wavelet operational matrix method
Authors: S Prithvi , R Vidya Shree , B Patil Mallikarjun
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the boundary layer Williamson fluid flow as well as heat transfer triggered by a nonlinearly expanding sheet. The fluid flow of liquid films has been reported to be two-dimensional. A suitable approach has been set up to solve the modeled problem. Chebyshev wavelet operational matrix method is newly devised method for transforming the non linear differential equations to nonlinear algebraic equations. This computation is flexible and facile due to the generation of integral matrices. From these integral matrices unresolved Chebyshev wavelet coefficients are determined with the help of newton raphson method. Thus solution to the given Williamson fluid flow is achieved. The convergence of the approach is currently demonstrated through computation. The non dimensional physical quantities are estimated by employing Chebyshev wavelet method which is effectively executed as a novel study. These findings are validated with previous data thus demonstrating perfect synchrony in the physical parameters. These novel procedures have the potential to boost research and technology for future generations.
Real-World Super-Resolution Based on Iterative Frequency Domain Degradation Model
Authors: Hao Yukun , Liu Yuchen
Published: June 2024

Single-image super-resolution (SR) methods often encounter difficulties when applied to real-worldimages because of deviations between the degradation model and real-world degradation distribution. Recent studies have attempted to address this issue by adopting more complex degradation models tosimulate real-world degradation distributions. However, these methods tend to produce over-smoothedresults lacking fine-grained details. Furthermore, these methods neglect the disparity between syntheticand real-world images in the frequency domain. This study proposes a more practical and detail-oriented degradation model for real-world image SR. The proposed model employs aliasing estimationand an iterative frequency domain degradation algorithm to narrow the frequency domain gap between synthetic and real-world images, thus expanding the latent degradation distribution. The proposedmodel considers the impact of various factors such as camera shake, defocus, and compression onthe image, effectively simulating the complex and diverse degradation processes in the real world.Experiments demonstrate that combining the proposed degradation model with existing SR methods achieves excellent image perceptual quality on real-world images.
Novel Oncolytic Virus VG161 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Refractory to Standard Systemic Therapies
Authors: Liang Tingbo , Shen Yinan , Bai Xueli , Zhang Qi , Liang Xingmei , Jin Xinyan , Zhao Zeda , Song Wei , Tan Qian , Zhao Ronghua , Jia William , Gu Shanzhi , Shi Guoming , Zheng Ziwei , Wei Guyue , Wang Youlei , Fang Tian , Li Yuwei , Wang Zijun , Yang Zifan , Guo Sida , Lin Danni , Wei Fang , Wang Lei , Sun Xiaoli , Qin Aijun , Xie Longshen , Qiu Yeting , Bao Wenqing , Rahimian Shah , Singh Manu , Murad Yanal , Shang Jianying , Chu Min , Huang Maoliang , Ding Jun , Chen Wei , Ye Yufu , Chen Yiwen , Li Xiang
Published: June 2024

For hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, treatment options are limited after failing second-line therapy. This phase I, multicenter trial evaluates the safety and antitumor efficacy of VG161 in patients with advanced liver cancer. The study included dose escalation using a ‘3 + 3’ design across five dose levels, followed by a dose expansion phase using Simon’s two-stage design. Forty-four patients received doses with no dose-limiting toxicity observed. Among the 40 HCC patients, 37 were evaluable. The objective response rate (ORR) was 18.92%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 64.86%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.9 months, and overall survival (OS) was 12.4 months. Subgroup analysis showed that among 34 patients who had failed second-line treatment, the ORR was 17.65% and the DCR was 64.71%. The median PFS and OS for this group were 2.8 and 9.4 months, respectively. Patients with prior checkpoint inhibitor treatment (PreCPI) longer than 3 months had a median OS of 17.3 months, compared to 7.4 months for those with PreCPI ≤ 3 m (p = 0.04). Additionally, patients receiving systemic therapies after VG161 showed longer survival (p = 0.03). Multiple detection techniques revealed that VG161 reshapes the immune microenvironment of HCC, enhancing tumor sensitivity to systemic treatments. An efficacy prediction model based on differentially expressed genes was established, which successfully predicts prolonged OS in study patients (p < 0.001) but not in public database patients (p = 0.17). Anti-hepatitis B agents were confirmed to not affect the replication and efficacy of VG161. In summary, VG161 demonstrated comparable efficacy to second-line treatments in third-line patients, providing a new option for patients who have failed second-line therapy. It was well-tolerated and showed promising efficacy, extending survival in some subgroups and enhancing post-treatment systemic therapy efficacy, supporting its potential use in combination treatments. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04806464.
Vulgar Remarks Detection in Chittagonian Dialect of Bangla
Authors: Mahmud Tanjim , Ptaszynski Michal , Masui Fumito
Published: June 2024

The negative effects of online bullying and harassment are increasing with Internet popularity, especially in social media. One solution is using natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) methods for the automatic detection of harmful remarks, but these methods are limited in low-resource languages like the Chittagonian dialect of Bangla. This study focuses on detecting vulgar remarks in social media using supervised ML and deep learning algorithms. Logistic Regression achieved promising accuracy (0.91) while simple RNN with Word2vec and fastTex had lower accuracy (0.84-0.90), highlighting the issue that NN algorithms require more data.
Complications & Recurrence Of Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Bouzo Maher , Ghanem Muhmmad , Skaf MHD Jawad , affone Moaead , Alsous Mohamad Haidar
Published: June 2024

Objective
To compare longitudinal gastric bypass and mini-gastric bypass in terms of the ability to lose excess weight and cure associated morbidity (diabetes, hypertension, joint pain).
Methods and materials
All obese patients who met the admission criteria for the previously mentioned study and who attended Damascus University Hospitals (Al-Assad University Hospital - Al-Mowasat University Hospital - Al-Mujtahid Hospital) and who underwent surgery were studied, provided that the sample size was not less than 100 patients.
Results
Our study included 100 patients (78 underwent longitudinal resection and 22 underwent mini-gastric bypass). The average age was 37 years for longitudinal resection and 39 years for mini-gastric bypass. The majority of patients were female, 76.92% in the longitudinal resection group and 72.73% in the mini-gastric bypass group. The importance of bariatric surgery has emerged in treating diseases associated with obesity, such as diabetes and high blood pressure. The rates of improvement or recovery were almost the same in diabetes (78.26%) after the longitudinal section, compared to (83.33%) in the mini-gastric bypass and in high blood pressure (76.92). %) for longitudinal resection compared to (90%) for mini gastric bypass.
Conclusion
from the above, we see that longitudinal resection and gastric bypass have similar results in terms of losing excess weight and healing or improving associated morbidity.
Test-Retest-Reliabilität der Präpulsinhibition (PPI) und PPI-Korrelation mit dem Arbeitsgedächtnis
Authors:   , Falk-Gerard Kim Sophie
Published: June 2024

Sensomotorisches Gating – ein Mechanismus zur Filterung des sensorischen Inputs und zur Regulierung des motorischen Outputs – wird experimentell durch die Präpulsinhibition (PPI) der akustisch ausgelösten Schreckreaktion (ASR) operatio-nalisiert. Frühere Studien deuten auf eine hohe Test-Retest-Reliabilität der PPI und eine mögliche Korrelation mit dem Arbeitsgedächtnis (engl. Working Memory (WM)) hin. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Test-Retest-Reliabilität der PPI bei ge-sunden Menschen und ihre Korrelation mit der Leistung des WM zu überprüfen. Hier wurde ein akustisches Schreckreiz-PPI-Paradigma mit vier verschiedenen Präpuls-Intensitäten (64, 68, 72 und 76 dB(A)) und zwei verschiedene WM-Aufgaben (n-back, Change-Detection-Task (CDT)) verwendet. Es konnte eine ho-he Retest-Reliabilität der PPI mit einer mittleren Intraklassenkorrelation (engl. In-traclass Correlation (ICC)) von >.80 und eine signifikante positive Korrelation der PPI mit der n-back-, aber nicht mit der CDT-Leistung bestätigt werden. Eine detail-lierte Analyse zeigte, dass die PPI über alle Präpulsintensitäten hinweg sowohl mit den 2-back- als auch mit den 0-back-Bedingungen signifikant korrelierte, was auf eine Regulation durch konditionsübergreifende Prozesse (z. B. Aufmerksamkeit) schließen lässt. Wird jedoch die 0-back-Komponente aus den 2-back-Daten aus-partialisiert, sind spezifische und signifikante Korrelationen mit der Arbeitsgedächt-nisleistung für die 76 dB(A) PPI-Bedingung zu finden. Mit der vorliegenden Studie konnte die hohe Test-Retest-Reliabilität der PPI beim Menschen bestätigt und die Korrelation mit der Arbeitsgedächtnisleistung validiert und erweitert werden.
Daily Light Integral, but Not the Photoperiod, Influences the Time to Flower and Finished Quality of Dianthus Specialty Cut Flowers
Authors: Spall Caleb E. , Lopez Roberto G.
Published: June 2024

Because of the burgeoning year-round demand, greenhouse growers across the United States are increasingly becoming interested in producing specialty cut flowers for local and regional markets. However, outdoor or high tunnel production is not possible year-round in northern latitudes because of low temperatures and radiation intensities experienced during the winter and early spring. Additionally, natural short days in these seasons can limit which photoperiodic crops can be grown. Thus, our objectives were to quantify the influence of the photoperiod and daily light integral (DLI) on greenhouse-grown dianthus ‘Amazon Neon Cherry’ and ‘Amazon Rose Magic’ (Dianthus barbatus interspecific) cut flowers during the young plant and finishing stages. Seeds of both cultivars were sown under 9-, 10-, 11-, 12-, 13-, 15-, or 16-hour photoperiods and a DLI of either ≈5 or 10 mol⋅m−2⋅d−1. After 4 weeks, seedlings from several young-plant photoperiods were distributed across 11-, 12-, 13-, 14-, 15-, or 16-hour photoperiods or a 4-hour night interruption (NI) under a DLI of either ≈5 (low) or 14 (moderate) mol⋅m−2⋅d−1 for finishing. The young plant photoperiod generally had a statistical, but not commercial, influence on development and finished cut flower quality, whereas a 16-h finishing photoperiod marginally hastened development compared with an 11-hour finishing photoperiod. Additionally, stems were 11 to 13 cm longer when finished under the 16-hour photoperiod compared with those finished under the 11-hour photoperiod. Day length minimally influenced the time to flower and harvest, indicating a day-neutral flowering response. However, plants finished under a moderate DLI reached visible flower bud and were harvestable 9 to 10 days earlier than those finished under a low DLI. Additionally, ≈99% of cut flowers finished under a moderate DLI were harvestable, whereas only up to 32% and 57% of dianthus ‘Amazon Rose Magic’ and ‘Amazon Neon Cherry’, respectively, finished under a low DLI were harvestable. Although finished stem lengths were comparable between DLI treatments, cut flower stems were up to 29.6% thicker under a moderate DLI. These findings indicate that high-quality greenhouse-grown dianthus ‘Amazon Neon Cherry’ and ‘Amazon Rose Magic’ cut flowers can be produced when grown under any photoperiod between 9 and 16 hours for 4 weeks (during the young plant stage) and finished under any photoperiod between 11 and 16 hours or a 4-hour NI during finishing. If longer stems are desired, then plants can be finished under a 16-hour photoperiod. Young plants should be grown under a moderate DLI ≥10 mol⋅m−2⋅d−1 to promote biomass accumulation and reduce the young plant crop time. Additionally, plants should be finished under a moderate DLI ≥14 mol⋅m−2⋅d−1 to reduce crop time and increase stem thickness and yield.
Characteristics and features of Kazakhstan’s water security policy
Authors: Orynbayev Zhassulan , Nechayeva Yelena , Sergazin Yerbolat , Muminov Nurlan , Tumashbay Talgat
Published: June 2024

Amidst the complex geopolitical dynamics of Central Asia, Kazakhstan grapples with urgent water security issues exacerbated by climate change, underscoring the critical need to examine this issue within the context of regional security. Therefore, this study seeks to comprehensively analyze Kazakhstan’s water security policy, examining its various elements and components at national and regional levels. Using system analysis and statistical techniques, data were collected from an array of sources, including strategies, development plans, statistical reports, analytical articles, methodological guidelines, and official government and international organization websites. The analysis revealed key challenges in Kazakhstan’s water security, including deteriorating infrastructure, outdated management practices, vulnerability to floods and low water levels, inadequate training, and regulatory deficiencies. A novel approach is offered by examining current trends in Kazakhstan’s water security domain, which involves scrutinizing the activities of relevant state bodies and analyzing regulatory frameworks amid rapid climate shifts. Additionally, the heightened potential for conflict across the continent was recognized. Despite earnest attempts to mitigate these challenges, the country confronts imminent water shortages exacerbated by heightened consumption and dwindling runoff from neighboring states. In light of these findings, policymakers and stakeholders are urged to devise robust policies and management strategies aimed at fortifying water security and addressing the underlying vulnerabilities in this critical domain.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SPACECRAFT SHIELDING FROM NEUTRONS
Authors:   P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Ryabov V.A. , Siksin V.V. ,   P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shchegolev I.Y. ,   JSC “Avangard", Safonovo, Smolensk region
Published: June 2024

Together with the Lebedev Physical Institute, the research laboratory of JSC Avangard has developed a new shielding material against neutrons with different percentages of 10B called “wikineutron”. An experimental comparison of the new shielding material with synthesized ceramic materials based on boron carbide and tungsten boride was carried out. The “wikineutron” material has mass-dimensional characteristics that exceed existing analogues of shielding materials against neutrons, and can be recommended for the spacecraft shielding.
Incidência de ataque de serrasalmus spp. após alterações ambientais em rios: relato de caso na praia de filadélfia – Tocantins
Authors: Soares Pedro , PERETTI Danielle , Dantas de oliveira Jean Carlos , Oliveira Jonnata Fernandes de , Torres de Medeiros Marcelo Henrique , Gomes Dantas Marcus Vinicius
Published: June 2024

O estudo investigou a incidência de ataques de Serrasalmus spp na Praia de Filadélfia, Tocantins, correlacionando-a a fatores ambientais e comportamentais. Durante a alta estação, observou-se um aumento significativo nos ataques, destacando a urgência de medidas preventivas. A diferença temporal entre a desova e os ataques sugere impactos ambientais, especialmente devido à formação de reservatórios da Usina Hidroelétrica de Estreito (UHE). Propostas estratégicas incluem educação ambiental e campanhas direcionadas, inspiradas em casos bem-sucedidos. Monitoramento, manutenção dos ecossistemas e fiscalização são ferramentas cruciais para antecipar padrões comportamentais das piranhas. O incentivo à pesquisa contínua permite ajustar estratégias ao longo do tempo, garantindo uma abordagem adaptativa. A colaboração entre autoridades locais, comunidades e pesquisadores é imperativa para implementar medidas, visando a redução dos ataques e a preservação sustentável do ecossistema aquático. O estudo enfatiza a busca por um equilíbrio harmonioso entre o turismo e a conservação ambiental na Praia de Filadélfia.
 
Palavras-chave: Ataque; Educação ambiental; sazonalidade.
História do Karatê no Sertão da Região Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Lago Filho Pedro Augusto Pereira , Lima George Almeida , Ferreira Heraldo Simões , Millen Neto Álvaro Rego
Published: June 2024

O estudo objetiva construir uma narrativa sobre a história do karatê no Vale do São Francisco, na região Nordeste do Brasil. Partindo, sobretudo, da memória dos mestres, buscou compreender os contextos sociais, as características e estilos de karatê, as possibilidades de sobrevivência, as disputas e organizações sociais e o legado deixado pelos pioneiros. Utilizamos a história oral como aporte metodológico, associada à exposição e análise de documentos icnográficos. As fontes acessadas nos permitem as seguintes considerações: os estilos de karatê prevalentes na região são o shotokan e o shorin ryu; entre o final da década de 1970 e o início da década de 1990, o karatê dominou o mercado das artes marciais da região, deixando um legado esportivo e social em seus praticantes e colaboradores. Atualmente, o legado deixado pelos mestres pioneiros que foram citados ao longo do estudo tem permitido uma série de ações que são relevantes do ponto de vista social, econômico e cultural.
Monoclonal Antibodies: Current Advancements and Future Potential for
Atopic Dermatitis Therapy
Authors: Kumar Pravin , Ashawat Mahendra Singh , Kumar Ajay , Guleria Anchal , Thakur Akshay
Published: June 2024

Background:

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin condition with a severe itch. The topical therapy using corticosteroids is not sufficient for the effective therapy of
moderate to severe cases of AD. The investigation and development of immunological targetspecific human monoclonal antibodies have changed the paradigm for the therapy of moderate
to severe cases of AD.

Objective:

The establishment of target-specific, tolerable, and efficacious human monoclonal
antibodies might lead to the better management of moderate to severe cases of AD.

Methodology:

The scientific literature available in databases, such as Pubmed and Clinicaltrial.gov, was searched and discussed for available clinical therapeutic information.

Discussion:

The present review has discussed the potential immunological targets of specific
monoclonal antibodies developed and approved or which are under investigation in clinical trials.

Conclusion:

The development of targeted monoclonal antibodies can improve the understanding
of the role of different immunological pathways and biomarkers in AD and become the future of
AD treatment.
Exploring Marine Alkaloids: A Natural Approach to Cancer Treatment
Authors: Singh Sonia , Kumar Surendra , Singh Amit Kumar , Varshney Mayuri , Roy Suchismita
Published: June 2024

:

Cancer is one of the most complicated and prevalent diseases in the world, and its
incidence is growing worldwide. Natural products containing pharmacological activity are widely
used in the pharmaceutical industry, especially in anticancer drugs, due to their diverse structures
and distinctive functional groups that inspire new drug results by means of synthetic chemistry.
Terrestrial medicinal plants have traditionally been the primary source for developing natural
products (NPs). However, over the past thirty years, marine organisms such as invertebrates,
plants, algae, and bacteria have revealed many new pharmaceutical compounds known as
marine NPs. This field constantly evolves as a discipline in molecular targeted drug discovery,
incorporating advanced screening tools that have revolutionised and become integral to modern
antitumor research. This review discusses recent studies on new natural anticancer alkaloids
obtained from marine organisms. The paper illustrates the structure and origin of marine alkaloids
and demonstrates the cytotoxic action of new alkaloids from several structural families and
their synthetic analogs. The most recent findings about the potential or development of some of
them as novel medications, together with the status of our understanding of their current mechanisms
of action, are also compiled.
Activation of Src Kinase Mediates the Disruption of Adherens Junction in the Blood-labyrinth Barrier after Acoustic Trauma
Authors: Sun Jianbin , Zhang Tong , Tang Chaoying , Fan Shuhang , Wang Qin , Liu Da , Sai Na , Ji Qi , Guo Weiwei , Han Weiju
Published: June 2024

Background:

Adherens junction in the blood-labyrinth barrier is largely unexplored because
it is traditionally thought to be less important than the tight junction. Since increasing evidence
indicates that it actually functions upstream of tight junction adherens junction may potentially
be a better target for ameliorating the leakage of the blood-labyrinth barrier under pathological
conditions such as acoustic trauma.

Aims:

This study was conducted to investigate the pathogenesis of the disruption of adherens junction
after acoustic trauma and explore potential therapeutic targets.

Methods:

Critical targets that regulated the disruption of adherens junction were investigated by
techniques such as immunofluorescence and Western blotting in C57BL/6J mice.

Results:

Upregulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and downregulation of Pigment
Epithelium-derived Factor (PEDF) coactivated VEGF-PEDF/VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2)
signaling pathway in the stria vascularis after noise exposure. Downstream effector Src kinase
was then activated to degrade VE-cadherin and dissociate adherens junction, which led to the leakage
of the blood-labyrinth barrier. By inhibiting VEGFR2 or Src kinase, VE-cadherin degradation
and blood-labyrinth barrier leakage could be attenuated, but Src kinase represented a better target
to ameliorate blood-labyrinth barrier leakage as inhibiting it would not interfere with vascular endothelium
repair, neurotrophy and pericytes proliferation mediated by upstream VEGFR2.

Conclusion:

Src kinase may represent a promising target to relieve noise-induced disruption of adherens
junction and hyperpermeability of the blood-labyrinth barrier.
Insulin Abuse: A Case Report of Munchausen Syndrome
Authors: Basaran Elif , Tastekin Nihal , Aytekin Yunus Emre , Aktas Gulali
Published: June 2024

:

Hypoglycaemia in individuals with diabetes is defined as the presence of signs or
symptoms in addition to potentially occurring abnormal plasma glucose levels in the patient.
Munchausen Syndrome (MS) is characterized by the deliberate induction of physical or psychological
symptoms or the act of pretending to have symptoms. Patient reports of this factitious
disease pattern are limited in the literature. The diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome, which
is among factitious disorders, is very difficult. Endocrinological complaints are very common
among those admitted to the hospitals.

Background:

Unnecessary and numerous examinations cause financial losses and loss of time
for both the individual and the healthcare system. In this case report, we aimed to discuss the
management of a patient who tried to gain secondary gain by creating artificial hypoglycemia
attacks.

Case Report:

In this case report, the diagnosis of Munchausen syndrome given to a 28-year-old
female patient who was diagnosed with type I diabetes and repeatedly admitted to the hospital
due to hypoglycemia attacks is discussed.

Conclusion:

Munchausen syndrome is an important and often overlooked diagnosis that should
be kept in mind due to the possibility of individuals harming themselves unpredictably, as well
as causing disruptions in the healthcare system and wasting time due to numerous and
unnecessary examinations and evaluations. For this reason, it is a diagnosis that should be kept
in mind in cases of unexplained hypoglycemia attacks.
Calcitonin-producing Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumor: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Paz-Ibarra Jose , Suarez-Rojas Jacsel , Alvarez Gamero Julio Cesar , Concepcion-Zavaleta Marcio , Quiroz-Aldave Juan Eduardo , Somocurcio-Peralta Jose
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) exhibit a wide range of clinical
presentations, including the production of various hormones. Calcitonin, a sensitive marker for
medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), is nonspecific and may be elevated in extra-thyroidal NETs.

Case Report:

We present the case of a 64-year-old female patient who underwent total
thyroidectomy due to a nodule in the isthmus, with a fine-needle aspiration biopsy indicating
follicular neoplasia. Pathological examination revealed macro- and micro-nodular thyroid hyperplasia,
along with a parathyroid adenoma. During postoperative follow-up, a progressive
elevation of calcitonin was observed, reaching 64.2 pg/ml, while carcinoembryonic antigen levels
remained normal. Since no MTC foci were found upon reviewing the thyroidectomy specimen,
an investigation into the origin of the elevated calcitonin was initiated. Serum chromogranin
A and specific neuronal enolase levels were within normal ranges. Tc-99m HYNICTOC
scintigraphy yielded negative results. Additionally, an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
revealed a submucosal lesion in the second portion of the duodenum, with a biopsy confirming
a grade 1 NET. The patient underwent Whipple surgery and hepatic metastasectomy. Postoperatively,
a decrease in baseline serum calcitonin levels was observed. Seven years after surgery,
she continues specialized monitoring with no biochemical or imaging evidence of disease.

Conclusion:

Serum calcitonin contributes to the diagnosis and monitoring of anterior intestine
NETs.
Application of Achras sapota Linn in Traditional Medicine
Authors: Nannar Ajay Ramdas
Published: June 2024

This patent article offers a thorough analysis of the contemporary application
of Achras sapota Linn, or sapodilla, in conventional medicine. Tropical fruit-bearing
Achras sapota Linn has long been used in many traditional medical systems. The study examines
Achras sapota Linn's phytochemical makeup and pharmacological characteristics
with an emphasis on the plant's possible medical uses in the treatment of a range of illnesses.
Moreover, it highlights the safety and efficacy characteristics of Achras sapota Linn and
talks about new research and clinical trials that back up its traditional applications. This
study also discusses obstacles and potential avenues for further research and application of
Achras sapota Linn in contemporary medicine. All things considered, it emphasizes how
important Achras sapota Linn is to traditional medicine as a therapeutic resource.
Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) of Nanomaterials for
Colorimetric Detection: A Review
Authors: Kant Tushar , Shrivas Kamlesh , Dahariya Nohar Singh
Published: June 2024

:

Colorimetric sensors are attracting considerable interest across diverse fields owing to their ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and rapidity. Within this
realm, Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) stands out as a favorable method for designing colorimetric sensing techniques. Sensors
based on LSPR control the plasmonic characteristics of metallic Nanoparticles (NPs) to produce a noticeable alteration in color when a target
analyte is detected. This article explores recent advancements in this field, including the integration of LSPR sensors with microfluidics and
smartphone-based detection systems. The paper also investigates the applications of LSPR-based colorimetric sensors in diverse domains, such as
environmental monitoring, biomedical diagnostics, food safety, and chemical detection. Furthermore, it sheds light on the potential limitations and
prospects associated with LSPR-based colorimetric sensors, with a particular emphasis on the need for improved sensitivity, selectivity, and
stability to facilitate broader practical applications.
Applications of Baker-venkataraman Rearrangement in the Synthesis of
Promising Organic Molecules
Authors: Majhi Sasadhar
Published: June 2024

:

In organic synthesis, carbon-carbon bond formation is the fundamental transformation to create the carbon backbone of organic molecules and this
key reaction is very popular in the improvement of organic chemistry, which exists at the bottom of the heart of the chemical sciences. The Baker-
Venkataraman rearrangement has received great attention in the formation of 1,3-diketones through the regioselective construction of carboncarbon
bonds. This rearrangement is an important type of chemical transformation in which the intramolecular migration of the ester acyl group
takes place to provide 1,3-diketones in the presence of the base. Generally, 1,3-diketones or ortho-hydroxydibenzoylmethane derivatives undergo
cyclization to provide the corresponding flavones in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid. The Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement is
frequently employed in the preparation of flavones and chromones. Besides, anthrapyran and anthracyclin antibiotics, benzopyrans, coumarins,
xanthones, etc., are also synthesized with the help of these reactions. This review deals with the brilliant application of the Baker-Venkataraman
rearrangement in the synthesis of promising organic compounds.
5G RedCap Enhancement Towards Improved Cellular LPWAN/5G-IoT for Smart Cities and Industrial IoT Using Genetic Algorithm-Based Neural Network
Authors: Ogbodo Emmanuel U. , Abu-Mahfouz Adnan M. , Kurien Anish A.
Published: June 2024

Background:

The low power wide area networks (LPWANs) technologies significantly
impact numerous IoT deployment use cases, especially in the smart cities' scenario. LPWAN is
used to support low data rate use cases. Unfortunately, medium data rate (up to 50 Mbps and more)
IoT applications are not operational by LPWAN. Hence, a 5G reduced capability (RedCap) new radio (NR) device was provided to address this limitation. However, the 5G RedCap suffers a coverage loss due to the reduction of the physical layer complexity of the 5G legacy user equipment
(UE). Therefore, 5G RedCap enhancements require coverage loss compensation.

Objective:

This paper aims to improve the performance of 5G RedCap in terms of coverage, energy
efficiency, and throughput for Smart Cities and Industrial IoT (IIoT) using a genetic algorithmbased neural network (GA-NN) model.

Methods:

The method involves using a GA-NN model for a two-fold enhancement of the 5G RedCap. This enhancement includes a specialized-enhancement RedCap (se-RedCap) for low data
rates and an enhanced RedCap (eRedCap) for high data rates (up to 300 Mbps) support. The GANN model has been implemented and assessed in MATLAB Global Optimization and 5G Toolbox.
Furthermore, an introduced and modified parametric rectified linear unit (ePReLU) activation function fA evaluates the final summation data parameters trained with a specific threshold for the best
performance.

Results:

The numerical results confirm that the specialized-enhancement RedCap (se-RedCap) and
enhanced RedCap (eRedCap) outperform legacy cellular LPWANs and conventional RedCap when
considering coverage, energy efficiency, and throughput.

Conclusion:

This paper successfully covers two types of usage scenarios: the very low data rate
typically seen in LPWAN and the high data rate of up to 300 Mbps, which is not yet compatible
with the existing RedCap system. As a result, the GA-NN model creates se-RedCap and eRedCap,
providing support for these two scenarios, respectively.
Antifungal Resistance in Candida Species: A Bit from the Totality
Authors: AL-Janabi Ali Abdul Hussein S.
Published: June 2024

:

Resistance to antifungals is one of the natural protection processes developed by
fungi to promote their persistence. Exposure of fungi to these agents over long periods due
to improper prescription or a contaminated environment increases the resistance problem.
Microbiology related to fungal species and clinical settings related to the therapeutic failure
of antifungal drugs are two concepts used to define resistance. The minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) measurement is the common criterion for determining antifungal resistance. Candida spp. is the most common group of fungi that has developed resistance to
different antifungal agents. C. albicans has shown resistance to numerous antifungal agents
from this genus, followed by non-albicans Candida (NAC). The majority of resistance is to
the azole group of antifungal agents through various mechanisms. Resistance to echinocandins is also reported in many species of Candida, while resistance to polyene has been
observed in rare cases. The mechanism of resistance action is generally related to a genetic
mutation, which changes the mechanisms of diffusion, fungal structure, and drug degradation. Biofilm formation also contributes to antifungal resistance. Current information on the
nature and mechanism of antifungal resistance in Candida spp. is briefly presented in this
review.
E-Mobility Revolution: Examining the Types, Evolution, Government Policies and Future Perspective of Electric Vehicles
Authors: Dhankhar Saurabh , Sandhu Vikram , Muradi Tawfiqullah
Published: June 2024

:

Electrification is a suitable method for establishing a transportation system that is both
clean and energy-efficient, addressing environmental concerns. The transportation industry widely
recognizes electric vehicles as a highly promising green technology that can reduce carbon
emissions and energy consumption. Besides, electric vehicles are defined as vehicles that can be
externally charged and propelled by an electric motor powered by a battery. Moreover, an electric
vehicle consists of two distinct types: firstly, an all-electric vehicle, which relies exclusively
on battery power to move an electric motor, and secondly, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. This
study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of electric vehicles by covering four key
aspects: types of electric vehicles, the history of electric vehicles, government policies related to
electric vehicles, and future prospects of electric vehicles. This paper first discusses the basic
types of electric vehicles. Through a comprehensive analysis of several categories of electric vehicles,
their distinct characteristics, and their advantages, research enables individuals to make
well-informed decisions when contemplating sustainable transportation alternatives. After that, a
brief history of electric vehicles is discussed. Documenting the historical evolution of electric vehicles
provides context for understanding the technological advancements, challenges, and milestones
achieved in the development of electric vehicles over time. After that, Indian government
policies related to electric vehicle promotion are discussed. Consequently, this encompasses various
incentives, subsidies, initiatives for infrastructure development, and other policy measures
with the objective of fostering the use of electric vehicles. Lastly, future prospects of electric vehicles
are discussed.
Increasing The Bearing Capacity of Foundations on Sandy Soil with High Water Levels Using Mini-pile
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Kadiri, 64115, Indonesia, Farihi Moh. Ilham , Candra Agata Iwan ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Kadiri, 64115, Indonesia, Karisma Dwifi Aprillia ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Kadiri, 64115, Indonesia, Fatkunada Nur Addin ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Kadiri, 64115, Indonesia, Ibrahim Malik ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Kadiri, 64115, Indonesia, Haryadi Bagas Naga Pratala ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Kadiri, 64115, Indonesia, Reswara Rahadi ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Kadiri, 64115, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

In the Kediri Regency area, it is planned to build a 3-story shophouse as one of the supporting facilities and the community’s economic needs. This area has sandy soil conditions and a high-water table. The purpose of this study was to calculate the carrying capacity of the soil in constructing a 3-story shophouse using the Terzaghi, Mayerhof, and Hansen methods. The condition of the soil with a relatively high groundwater table made the implementation of the footplate foundation less effective, so a modification of the foundation was made, which added three mini-piles measuring 0.4x0.4x1.5m, with a design load supported by the foundation of 100 t/m². Calculations with the Mayerhof and Hansen methods have nearly identical results but have not fulfilled the planned load. At a foundation depth of up to 3 m with an SF value of 3, for the Terzaghi method: 107.75 t/m2, the Mayerhof method: 92.51 t/m2, and the Hansen method: 94.68 t/m2. The results can be used as an alternative in constructing a 3-story shophouse with sandy soil conditions and high groundwater levels. This research can also be a reference for other regions facing similar problems.
Performance Analysis of Shear Wall Joint Connection in Highrise Building Using Finite Element
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Islam Majapahit, 61374, Indonesia, Sarasanty Diah , Baidowi Ahmad Ali Wafa ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Islam Majapahit, 61374, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

Multi-story buildings have a risk of structural failure, especially at joint connections, including raft elements and shear walls, due to the interaction behavior of the shear joints. The problem raised in this research is how to analyze the performance of raft foundation shear wall structural connections in high-rise buildings. The researchers started by simulating the initial model using the element method to find out the detailed capabilities of the raft foundation and shear walls and obtain values that could measure the capabilities of the substructure used. The results of this research explain the results of the evaluation of connection performance, namely, the pile raft phase with fc' 35 MPa and the shear wall phase with fc' 50 MPa. From the analysis in this research, visualization from the ABAQUS program of the force conditions acting on the connection structure was obtained, namely compression damage of 0.0021 at an ultimate compressive stress of 43 MPa and 0.0006 at an ultimate compressive stress of 57.97 MPa. We also perform analytical calculations to determine the tensile and compressive strain values. In the future, it is hoped that it will be possible to make part of the reference the use of connections with similar models and sizes at project work stages with the same characteristics as a contribution to developing building structural safety requirements.
Use of Satellite Imagery for Banyuwangi Lampon Beach Tourist Road Track Planning
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Jember, 68121, Indonesia, Ghoni Abdul , Sukmawati Sri ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Jember, 68121, Indonesia, Soetjipto Jojok Widodo ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Jember, 68121, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

Transportation is a crucial element in the development of an area, especially in the context of developing transportation routes in Lampon Beach, Banyuwangi Regency. With inadequate road access, the development of road routes on this beach is a priority to increase the region's economic productivity by utilizing the potential of natural resources. This research applied the spatial data-based Technology-Based Integration Method with the support of ArcGIS and Civil 3D software. Two road traces were generated, with the total length of trace 1 is 4.76 km and trace 2 is 4.98 km; the volume data of trade 1 with excavation amounted to 52,064.09 m3, and embankment amounted to 15,002.59 m3. Meanwhile, the volume of trade 2 with excavation amounted to 89,464.92 m3, and the barrier amounted to 12,537.02 m3. These results demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of infrastructure planning on the geographical and spatial characteristics of the region. The assessment of excavation and embankment costs provides an overview of the resources required by applicable standards and regulations. This approach contributes significantly to selecting efficient road routes and a better understanding the resources needed for infrastructure development.
Unconfined Compressive Strength Testing on Expansive Clay Soils Stabilized with Cement and Lime
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang, 50133, Indonesia, Mindiastiwi Tigo , Anggara Febri ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang, 50133, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

Soil stabilization offers an alternative solution to overcome the problem of expansive clay soil characteristics. Unconfined compressive strength tests were conducted on original and expansive clay soils containing cement and lime to investigate the effectiveness percentage of two pozzolan materials. The amount of material stabilization with percentages 2, 4, 7, 10 % cement, and 5% lime for each sample was adopted. The dimensions of the cylindrical sample were 3’’ in height and 3/2’’ in diameter. The relative density was 80% for all samples and sheared at a strain rate of 1 %. The properties of the original expansive clay soil are (w) 40.11%, (γd ) 1.3 gr/cm³, (Gs) 2.59, (LL) 60.05%, (PL) 38.16%, (IP) 21.88% and (qu) 0.61 kg/cm2. The test results indicate that the clay exhibits high plasticity. Based on the results, the effective combination percentage of two pozzolan materials to enhance the characteristics of expansive clay soil is 2% to 7 % cement and 5% lime. However, adding 10% cement and 5% lime causes the UCS value to decrease. The finding of this investigation shows the combination of two pozzolan materials, especially cement and lime, can effectively enhance the UCS values. This enhancement is observed at specific percentages of cement and lime addition. These results underscore the importance of carefully selecting proportions to achieve desired soil stabilization outcomes.
Ontwikkeling van een nieuwe beslissingsboom voor sepsis bij veulens om antibioticagebruik te rationaliseren
Authors: Broothaers K. , Castelain D. , Pardon B.
Published: June 2024

Sepsis is een veelvoorkomende, levensbedreigende aandoening bij neonatale veulens, waarvoor frequent kritisch belangrijke antimicrobiële middelen worden ingezet wegens onder andere beperkte diagnosemogelijkheden. Het doel van deze studie was het ontwikkelen van een predictiemodel voor sepsis in de vorm van een beslissingsboom en dit bij veulens tot en met zeven dagen oud enerzijds en tot en met zestig dagen oud anderzijds. Een dergelijke tool zou mogelijk dierenartsen kunnen ondersteunen bij hun beslissing tot het al dan niet inzetten van kritisch belangrijke antibiotica. Een retrospectieve cohortstudie met een populatie van 299 zieke veulens gehospitaliseerd in de paardenkliniek van de Faculteit Diergeneeskunde (UGent) tussen 2013 en 2021 werd uitgevoerd om de klinische, hematologische en biochemische parameters te evalueren voor hun associatie met sepsis. Er werd een beslissingsboom ontwikkeld enerzijds voor veulens van zeven dagen oud of jonger (n=216) en anderzijds voor dieren van zestig dagen oud of jonger (n=299). De significante parameters voor veulens ≤7 dagen waren ureum, neutrofielenpercentage, totaal bilirubine, kalium, afwezige zuigreflex, glucose, suf/zwak/lethargie en gewicht. Voor veulens ≤60 dagen waren dit neutrofielenpercentage, ureum, glucose en totaal bilirubine. Sensitiviteit, specificiteit en accuraatheid waren respectievelijk 62,7%, 85,6% en 74,6% voor veulens ≤7 dagen. Voor veulens ≤60 dagen waren de waarden voor sensitiviteit 53,2%, specificiteit 84,6% en accuraatheid 71,0%. Hoewel de bekomen beslissingsbomen potentieel hebben om dieren met sepsis te detecteren, is de sensitiviteit te laag om hun gebruik als enige beslissingstool aangaande de rationalisering van antibioticumgebruik te verantwoorden.