bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Galaxy Assembly Bias in the Stellar-to-halo Mass Relation for Red Central Galaxies from SDSS
Authors: Oyarzún Grecco A. , Tinker Jeremy L. , Bundy Kevin , Xhakaj Enia , Wyithe J. Stuart B.
Published: October 2024

We report evidence of galaxy assembly bias—the correlation between galaxy properties and biased secondary halo properties at fixed halo mass (M
H)—in the stellar-to-halo mass relation for red central galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. In the M
H = 1011.5–1013.5
h
−1
M
⊙ range, central galaxy stellar mass (M
*) is correlated with the number density of galaxies within 10 h
−1 Mpc (δ
10), a common proxy for halo formation time. This galaxy assembly bias signal is also present when M
H, M
*, and δ
10 are substituted with group luminosity, galaxy luminosity, and metrics of the large-scale density field. To associate differences in δ
10 with variations in halo formation time, we fitted a model that accounts for (1) errors in the M
H measured by the J. L. Tinker group catalog and (2) the level of correlation between halo formation time and M
* at fixed M
H. Fitting of this model yields that (1) errors in M
H are ∼0.15 dex and (2) halo formation time and M
* are strongly correlated (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient ∼0.85). At fixed M
H, variations of ∼0.4 dex in M
* are associated with ∼1–3 Gyr variations in halo formation time and galaxy formation time (from stellar population fitting). These results are indicative that halo properties other than M
H can impact central galaxy assembly.
The Velocity Dispersion Function for Quiescent Galaxies in Massive Clusters from IllustrisTNG
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Borrow Josh , Vogelsberger Mark
Published: October 2024

We derive the central stellar velocity dispersion function (VDF) for quiescent galaxies in 280 massive clusters with

log
(

M
200

/

M
⊙

)
>
14

in IllustrisTNG300. The VDF is an independent tracer of the dark matter mass distribution of subhalos in galaxy clusters. Based on the IllustrisTNG cluster catalog, we select quiescent member subhalos with a specific star formation rate <2 × 10−11 yr−1 and stellar mass

log
(

M
*

/

M
⊙

)
>
9

. We then simulate fiber spectroscopy to measure the stellar velocity dispersion of the simulated galaxies; we compute the line-of-sight velocity dispersions of star particles within a cylindrical volume that penetrates the core of each subhalo. We construct the VDFs for quiescent subhalos within R
200. The simulated cluster VDF exceeds the simulated field VDF for

log

σ

*

>
2.2

, indicating the preferential formation of large velocity dispersion galaxies in dense environments. The excess is similar in simulations and in the observations. We also compare the simulated VDF for the three most massive clusters with

log
(

M
200

/

M
⊙

)
>
15

with the observed VDF for the two most massive clusters in the local Universe, Coma and A2029. Intriguingly, the simulated VDFs are significantly lower for

log

σ

*

>
2.0

. This discrepancy results from (1) a smaller number of subhalos with

log
(

M
*

/

M
⊙

)
>
10

in TNG300 compared to the observed clusters, and (2) a significant offset between the observed and simulated M
*–σ
* relations. The consistency in the overall shape of the observed and simulated VDFs offers a unique window into galaxy and structure formation in simulations.
Correlation between C677T and A1298C MTHFR polymorphisms and non-obstructive azoospermia in Bulgarian patients
Authors: Yovinska Svetlana , Hristova-Savova Mariela , Bachvarov Yuri , Nikolov Rumen , Dimova Ivanka
Published: October 2024

We have analyzed the following polymorphisms: C677T (rs 1801133) and A1298C (rs 1801131) in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in Bulgarian patients with non-obstructive azoospermia, attending reproductive clinics. We have compared the allele and genotype frequencies of both the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms in our population to the European population and to a Bulgarian control group (n = 350). The results of our research have revealed a trend for a significantly higher frequency of the homozygote C/C genotype of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism in comparison to the European and Bulgarian controls (p < 0.08). The prevalence of the C/C homozygotes can be accepted as a risk factor for the development of non-obstructive azoospermia, especially in addition to other external and internal factors—diet, vitamin intake, other genetic polymorphisms or mutations in the genes involved in spermatogenesis.
Sinocyclocheilus xiejiahuai (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), a new cave fish with extremely small population size from western Guizhou, China
Authors: Fan Cui , Wang Man , Wang Jia-Jia , Luo Tao , Zhou Jia-Jun , Xiao Ning , Zhou Jiang
Published: October 2024

This study describes a new species, Sinocyclocheilus xiejiahuaisp. nov., discovered within a cave located in Hongguo Town, Panzhou City, Guizhou Province, southwestern China, with the type locality in the Nanpanjiang River basin. Phylogenetic trees reconstructed based on mitochondrial genes show that the new species represents an independent evolutionary lineage with large genetic differences, 1.9%–13.8% in mitochondrial Cyt b, from congeners. Morphologically, this species can be differentiated from the 79 species currently classified under the genus Sinocyclocheilus by several characteristics: absence of horn-like structures and indistinct elevation at the head-dorsal junction, absence of irregular black markings on the body lateral and scaleless, eyes large, eye diameter 13% of head length, dorsal-fin rays, iii, 6½, last unbranched ray strong, with serrations along posterior margin, pectoral-fin rays, i, 13, anal-fin rays, iii, 5, pelvic-fin rays, i, 7, lateral line pores 74, gill rakers well developed, nine on first gill arch, pectoral fins short, tip not reaching to pelvic-fin origin. The number of Sinocyclocheilus species has been increased from 79 to 80 since the description of this new species.
Support for Nursing Home Caregivers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review
Authors: Nkodo Jacques-Alexis , Gana Wassim , Debacq Camille , Aïdoud Amal , Camus Vincent , Leroy Victoire , Fougère Bertrand
Published: October 2024

Purpose

To review support systems for nursing home caregivers (NHCGs) that were implemented during the first year of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Method

Database searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL resulted in five publications.

Results

Studies differed in design, interventions, and outcomes. An urgent eye movement desensitization and reprocessing protocol was feasible and effective among nurses in services highly mobilized during the acute phase of the pandemic. The “self-help plus” psychological intervention was not associated with significant reductions in anxiety or posttraumatic symptoms but prompted exploration of non-specific factors influencing its effectiveness. The Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes in Long-Term Care of the Elderly virtual program increased confidence among NHCGs. Self-compassion training was associated with positive changes for certified nursing assistants. Weekly debriefing sessions implemented at one hospital highlighted pathogenic and salutogenic factors.

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic had a marked psychosocial impact on NHCGs and necessitated targeted interventions. Despite their limitations, these promising studies provided insights into potential support avenues. Policy considerations should stress the pivotal role of advanced practice nurses in shaping supportive work environments. Future research should focus on robust assessments of the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for NHCGs facing ongoing challenges posed by the pandemic, and even recurrent viral epidemics. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(10), 24–33.]
Application of the frozen-modes approximation to classical harmonic oscillator systems
Authors: Vaičaitytė Justina , Valkunas Leonas , Gelzinis Andrius
Published: October 2024

The problems of open classical systems usually correspond to a motion of a test particle that interacts with a large number of bath oscillators. Often, the test particle itself can be considered a harmonic oscillator. For such composite systems, exact numerical solutions are available, but they can become increasingly costly for a large number of bath oscillators. Here we take inspiration from the recent work on open quantum systems and investigate the applicability of the frozen-modes approximation to such classical systems. This approach assumes that some part of the low-frequency bath modes are frozen, thus only their initial values need to be considered. We show that by applying the frozen-modes approximation one can significantly increase the accuracy of the perturbative multiple-scales solution, especially for slow baths. This approach provides a good accuracy even for strong system–bath couplings, a regime that is not accessible to straightforward applications of the perturbation theory. We also suggest a rule for the splitting of spectral density to the fast and slow bath modes. We find that our approach gives excellent results for the ohmic spectral density, but it could be applied for other similar spectral densities as well.
Effect of CaCO3, SrCO3 and BaCO3 additions on the microstructure and electrical characteristics of SnO2-based varistor ceramics
Authors: Gaponov Alexei
Published: October 2024

The ceramic varistors SnO2–Co3O4–Nb2O5–Cr2O3 with the addition of CaCO3, SrCO3 or BaCO3 were sintered at temperatures 1250 and 1350°C, then their structures and electrical properties were studied. In all samples, the SnO2 cassiterite phase with a rutile-type structure and the Co2SnO4 phase with a spinel-type structure were observed. All materials exhibited a highly nonlinear dependence of the current density on the electric field with the nonlinearity coefficient 24–50. When alkaline earth metal carbonates were added, the grain size of all samples decreased and the electric field E1 increased. The addition of CaCO3 lead to the decrease of the low-field electrical conductivity of varistors. The lowest low-field conductivities 4·10-13 and 6·10-13 Ω-1 cm-1 were found in the samples with CaCO3 addition baked at 1250 and 1350°C, respectively. The observed effect is due to the increase of the potential barrier height at the SnO2 grain boundaries by 7 and 13%, respectively, and the decrease of the grain size by 26 and 28% compared to SnO2-based varistor ceramics without CaCO3 addition.
Variations of black carbon, particulate matter and nitrogen oxides mass concentrations in urban environment with respect to winter heating period and meteorological conditions
Authors: Pashneva Daria , Minderytė Agnė , Davulienė Lina , Dudoitis Vadimas , Byčenkienė Steigvilė
Published: October 2024

The atmospheric concentrations of particulate pollution are of great scientific concern due to their impact on both human health and environment. This study aimed to investigate the concentration of black carbon (BC), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 micrometres (PM10) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) at an urban background environment throughout the year, and understand the impact of winter heating and meteorology on its concentration level. The campaign covered heating and non-heating periods, from 1 June 2021 to 31 May 2022. During the heating period, the mass concentrations of BC, PM10 and NOx were 1.17, 24.9 and 19.4 µg m–3, respectively. The analysis revealed that the mass concentrations of BC and NOx were 1.9 and 1.4 times greater during the heating period, respectively, compared to the non-heating period. In contrast, PM10 remained almost constant during the heating (19.4 µg m–3) and non-heating periods (20.0 µg m–3). Throughout the year, the BC mass concentration was dominated by BCFF (71.2%) originating from fossil fuel combustion with a maximum (8.43 µg m–3) during the heating period. Moreover, wind speed presented a weak negative correlation with BC (r = –0.40), PM10 (r = –0.19) and NOx (r = –0.40) during the heating period.
Género, moral y religión en el tratamiento de las menores en el Tribunal Tutelar de Zaragoza durante el primer franquismo
Authors: Rodrigo Catalán María Pilar
Published: October 2024

Durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX, los católicos sociales, y los principios que estos defendían, fueron la base del funcionamiento de los tribunales tutelares de menores, así como de los centros de reforma y protección destinados a la «infancia abandonada». La llegada del franquismo supuso un nuevo contexto que favoreció la radicalización de estos postulados al calor de una dictadura que ejercía el control social a través de la religión y la moral católica. En este sentido, a partir del análisis de los expedientes del Tribunal Tutelar de Menores de Zaragoza, pretendemos conocer cómo el género, la moral católica y la religión formaron parte esencial de los acuerdos adoptados por parte de estas instituciones.
Puras e impuras. Modelos de feminidad nacionalcatólicos en torno a las violencias sexuadas en posguerra
Authors: Álvarez Fernández Carlos
Published: October 2024

Este artículo se propone caracterizar las políticas franquistas dirigidas sobre el cuerpo y la sexualidad de las mujeres, poniendo el acento en el terreno de las agresiones sexuales. El triunfo del bando sublevado supuso la implantación del discurso nacionalcatólico, que clasificó a las mujeres como puras o impuras respectivamente. Dicha oposición de género se manifestó en el terreno judicial de posguerra a través de dos narrativas, la «tesis de la pureza» y la «tesis de la inmoralidad femenina». A través del análisis de documentación de archivo inédita, procedente de Canarias, Soria y País Vasco, así como de publicaciones de Acción Católica de España, entre 1940 y 1945, profundizaré en las construcciones de género católicas dirigidas sobre las mujeres.
La participación del catolicismo de base en el movimiento feminista durante el tardofranquismo y la transición en España (1965-1980)
Authors: Blasco Lisa Sandra
Published: October 2024

Durante los años sesenta, se vivió una evolución de los significados de género dentro del catolicismo de base. Fue de gran relevancia la crítica que este realizó al modelo hegemónico de feminidad y a las formas de relacionarse afectivamente aupados por la dictadura. La juventud católica española puso en práctica un modo genuino de pertenencia social al reflexionar en torno a una intersección de componentes que les interpelaban como la clase, la juventud o el género. Desde los valores del cristianismo primitivo, muchas jóvenes adquirieron una conciencia de clase y, al analizarse desde la propia experiencia, esta se tornó en una conciencia feminista. Utilizando la historia oral como herramienta analítica y la memoria como objeto de estudio, en este artículo indagaremos en los debates internos dentro del movimiento católico de base en torno al feminismo y en la incorporación de las mujeres católicas al movimiento feminista español que comenzó su andadura en el año 1975.
De sodomitico uitio accusatus fuit Realidades ocultas tras la acusación formulada contra el obispo Adaulfo II de Iria-Santiago durante la segunda mitad del siglo IX
Authors: Curto Adrados Iván
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo aspira a explorar las razones ocultas tras la acusación de sodomía que experimentó el obispo don Adaulfo II de Iria-Santiago según el testimonio recogido por la Historia Compostellana. Para ello se prestará atención al contexto sociopolítico del reino asturiano del siglo IX, así como al origen familiar del prelado. Se reabrirá la discusión en torno a la naturaleza conversa del mitrado, al igual que la pertenencia de la aplicación del examen questionis de la legislación goda a su caso. Por último, se descartará como prueba de su ascendencia una supuesta lauda sepulcral asociada erróneamente a su persona.
Relaciones espirituales y disputas jurisdiccionales: dinámicas y conflictos en torno a la confesión de religiosas en la España del siglo XVIII
Authors: Jiménez Sáenz de Tejada Marta
Published: October 2024

Las relaciones entre monjas y confesores, como objeto de estudio, no han recibido demasiada atención por parte de la historiografía centrada en el mundo religioso femenino de la época moderna. Aunque se han llevado a cabo algunas contribuciones, todavía faltan por estudiar muchos de sus matices. Por ello, en este trabajo nos centraremos en algunos procesos de cambio de jurisdicción del siglo XVIII español, conservados en el Archivo Apostólico Vaticano, en los cuales los argumentos empleados por las religiosas respecto a la buena o mala dirección espiritual tuvieron el peso suficiente como para garantizar el cambio de dependencia que solicitaban. Su estudio nos permitirá acercarnos a las características cotidianas de estas relaciones espirituales, así como al mundo conventual femenino en el que se desarrollaron.
Apuntes para una historia de la prensa católica mexicana en la primera mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Gandolfi Laura
Published: October 2024

En el presente trabajo se propone una panorámica general de la historia y la bibliografía de la prensa católica en el México de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Tras una breve introducción que aborda el nacimiento de la prensa católica en el México del siglo XIX, se estudian los momentos claves de historia de la prensa católica del siglo pasado, prestando particular atención al esfuerzo de la Iglesia por fomentar sus estrategias editoriales.
La producción escrita de don Silvestre, notario apostólico en la catedral de Zamora (1271-1276)
Authors: Quijano Martínez César
Published: October 2024

El notariado apostólico en Castilla es una realidad que se conoce desde el siglo XIV, pero existen muy pocas noticias de su presencia durante el siglo XIII. En este trabajo se va a presentar a don Silvestre, un notario apostólico que actuó en la ciudad de Zamora (España) junto al obispo Suero Pérez en los años 70 del Doscientos. Conocer al individuo y el porqué de su presencia en Zamora, su producción escrita y los formularios que ha utilizado son los objetivos de este trabajo.
Boosting Adolescent English Proficiency: Psycholinguistic Benefits of Mobile Platforms
Authors: Ibrahim Mona Kamal , Glushkov Sergey
Published: October 2024

In the modern study circle, the topic of digitization in education and its impact on learning is one of the most important issues. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of the use of digital platforms on the study and development of English language skills in teenagers. This study also aims to fill a gap in the field of language education and psycholinguistics, particularly the aspect of word recall, using the application of a mobile digital platform for practice. Existing studies have generally emphasized the importance and effectiveness of traditional language learning methods, but the number of studies analyzing the use of digital platforms is still limited. The study used a pre-post survey method, which aimed to determine the baseline performance of all participants and the rate of change after practice using quizlet for Group 1 compared to the traditional methods used by Group 2 for English learning and memorization of new words. The sample consisted of 100 students from Russia studying English. Students were divided into two groups, where Group 1 used the Quizlet app and Group 2 used traditional word study methods. After two weeks of studying vocabulary, the participants demonstrated positive dynamics of word memorization. Findings showed that in Group 1, which used the program, 30% of participants successfully achieved a high level of vocabulary, while an additional 57% saw their vocabulary skills improve to an average level. Only 12% demonstrated a low level of vocabulary. In contrast, Group 2 showed minimal changes in their vocabulary. Only 14% of participants retained a high level of vocabulary, 70% were medium, and 15% were low. The obtained results can help develop new educational programs and mobile applications for language learning based on interactive methods and approaches. The obtained results can be useful for language education in terms of the possibility of integrating methods using the Quizlet program to improve the development of students’ vocabulary and lexical expressions of the English language. This study makes a significant contribution to the field of foreign language learning, providing results that emphasize the effectiveness of using digital mobile resources for learning English and have a positive effect on the psycholinguistic aspect of memorizing new words. By demonstrating significant improvements in vocabulary among participants, this study highlights the potential of mobile applications to support traditional teaching methods and offers a viable alternative for language teaching, especially in the digital age.
Analyzing the Correlation Between Student Learning Behaviors and Psychological Atmosphere Using Deep Learning
Authors: Gu Bo
Published: October 2024

With the rapid development of educational technology, the application of deep learning in analyzing student behavior and psychological states has become a hot topic in the field of education. This study, grounded in deep learning technology, aims to explore the correlation between student learning behaviors and psychological atmosphere, as well as the positive impact of a constructive psychological atmosphere on student learning. The background section discusses the limitations of traditional educational assessment methods and the necessity and urgency of applying deep learning in education. The current state of study section presents the progress in analyzing the correlation between student behavior and psychological states, highlighting the shortcomings in data processing and model construction in existing studies. Addressing these shortcomings, this study proposes a student learning behavior detection scheme based on the lightweight neural network shufflenetV2 and validates through empirical study the positive influence of a constructive psychological atmosphere on student learning behavior. The results show that utilizing a lightweight network model can effectively identify patterns in student learning behavior and, to some extent, predict the students’ psychological states. Furthermore, a positive psychological atmosphere indeed enhances students’ learning motivation and behavior. The methods and findings of this study hold significant theoretical and practical implications for advancing personalized and intelligent education.
Biofeedback-Based Method for Real-Time Fatigue Monitoring of Knee
Authors: Franco Tiago , Henriques Pedro Rangel , Alves Paulo , Varanda Pereira Maria João , Leitão Paulo , Azevedo Nelson
Published: October 2024

This paper introduces and implements a method to monitor muscle fatigue in real-time using a wearable biofeedback system to improve muscle rehabilitation treatments. The biofeedback system consists of an electromyography (EMG) sensor to capture muscle activity and two motion sensors to track knee angles. The proposed method for monitoring muscle fatigue involves three steps: (1) recognition of the movement phases during the knee extension exercise; (2) clipping of the EMG signal and calculation of fatigue-related metrics; and (3) normalization of metrics through a calibration process. An experimental session was performed with 10 healthy subjects performing 50 repetitions of the knee extension exercise. Processed data revealed changes in fatigue-related metrics, which align with existing literature. A comparison was also made between real-time and computer processing using raw data. While minor differences were noted between the two processing methods, the mobile app closely mirrored the trajectory of processed data in the cloud, ensuring reliability and consistency. This study advances remote muscle rehabilitation by quantifying muscle fatigue during treatment sessions. Thus, health professionals can tailor treatment plans based on individual patient characteristics, optimizing treatment duration, and reducing injury risk.
Predictive Analysis of Vector-Borne Diseases through Tabular Classification of Epidemiological Data
Authors: Iparraguirre-Villanueva Orlando , Cabanillas-Carbonell Michael
Published: October 2024

Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) are major threats to human health. They are estimated to cause more than 700,000 deaths each year. This presents serious health problems for CBD. In recent years, the incidence of VBDs has increased globally, affecting one billion people approximately and accounting for 17% of all infectious diseases. Globally, disease rates have risen at an alarming rate, with more than 3.9 billion people at risk of infection. Therefore, it is essential to find approaches to detect these diseases; this is where machine learning (ML) models come into play. The purpose of this study was to predict VBDs using tabular epidemiological data. For this purpose, a set of ML models was used, such as support vector classifier (SVC), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), LightGBM, CatBoost, random forest (RF), and balanced random forest (BRF). A dataset consisting of 65 features and 1262 records was used during the training stage. The results highlighted the successful integration of the different models, such as SVC, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, BRF, and RF, with weights of 0.49959 ± 0.27112, 0.58496 ± 0.22619, 0.48482 ± 0.29971, 0.54992 ± 0.27982, 0.24924 ± 0.22654, and 0.45592 ± 0.25849. In addition, the BRF model stood out for having the lowest log loss, evaluated through the ensemble log-loss metric, with an average of 0.24924 and a standard deviation of 0.22654.
Challenges of Entrepreneurship Teaching in the Healthtech and Medtech Domains
Authors: Koumpis Adamantios , Finisterra do Paço Arminda Maria , Beyan Oya
Published: October 2024

The rapidly evolving landscapes of healthtech and medtech present unique challenges for entrepreneurship education, necessitating a specialized pedagogical approach. This paper explores pedagogical frameworks and the multifaceted barriers faced by educators in these domains. The cases presented emphasize the complexity and regulatory environment, the need for interdisciplinary knowledge, and the fast-paced technological advancements. Moreover, the convergence of medical knowledge with technological expertise demands a cross-disciplinary teaching strategy, complicating the traditional entrepreneurial education model. Additionally, the accelerated pace of technological change in healthtech and medtech outstrips conventional teaching methodologies, necessitating continuous curriculum updates and the incorporation of real-time industry developments. By addressing the current pedagogical challenges, entrepreneurship education in healthtech and medtech can more effectively equip students with the skills and knowledge needed to innovate and succeed in these highly specialized fields.
Improving Education in Values in a Spanish Primary Education Center
Authors: Rubio Antonio Daniel Juan , Conesa Isabel María García
Published: October 2024

Society is suffering from a crisis of values, and, through the education of children, it is possible to change the course of this crisis. Moreover, during the primary education stage, pupils are in the most sensitive period for internalising and acquiring values. For these reasons, this project presents a proposal for educational intervention, which aims to improve education in values at school, specifically in pupils in the 4th year of primary school. For its preparation, a study of the material published by relevant authors and experts on the subject has been conducted. The opinion of teachers and the predisposition of pupils was also analysed by means of a questionnaire and an observation form. The values addressed in this project are order, work and effort, respect, and solidarity.
E-Business
Authors: De Silva Colombage Sudamani Bernadeth , Taherdoost Hamed
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores strategic methods for upgrading business operations in the face of rapidly changing technology and digital landscapes. It emphasizes the importance of digital innovation in changing company models, improving customer experiences, and increasing operational effectiveness. The chapter highlights the need for strong leadership and a distinct vision for successful e-business transformation. Key success elements include company culture, employee engagement, and successful change management strategies. The chapter also discusses how to align organizational objectives and customer expectations with technological initiatives, and how data analytics can enhance competitive positioning and strategic decision-making. It also addresses cybersecurity issues and promotes comprehensive security frameworks to protect digital assets.
Leadership Dynamics in Innovative Teams
Authors: Madanchian Mitra
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the future trends and directions in leadership for innovation, emphasizing the evolving role of leaders in adapting to a rapidly changing business landscape. It explores the essential skills and approaches required for leaders to navigate the impact of automation, artificial intelligence, globalization, and emerging leadership styles. Key points include the importance of technical, interpersonal, and strategic skills; the emphasis on emotional intelligence, sustainability, and diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI); and the need for human-centric work design and digital enablement. The chapter highlights the critical role of innovation leaders in fostering collaboration, agility, and creativity within their teams to drive successful research and development efforts. By embracing these future trends and directions, leaders can cultivate a culture of innovation, adaptability, and inclusivity, positioning their organizations for sustained success in an increasingly dynamic and competitive business environment.
Strategies for Success
Authors: Jain Vishal , Mitra Archan
Published: October 2024

“Strategies for Success” examines the impact of digital media and communication on business innovation across industries like technology, healthcare, and retail. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study highlights the role of digital platforms and strategic communication in fostering innovation. Key findings reveal the importance of customer engagement and cross-functional collaboration in driving innovation. The research contributes to understanding how digital media and strategic communication catalyze innovation, offering insights for businesses in the digital economy.
Upholding Ethical Standards
Authors: Pant Pawan
Published: October 2024

To guarantee the legitimacy and integrity of higher education institutions, ethical norms are essential. With an emphasis on governance, openness, and integrity norms, this chapter delves into the complex aspects of ethical standards in higher education administration. This chapter begins with an overview of the role that ethical standards play in preserving public confidence and institutional reputation. It next explores how governance institutions, such as boards of trustees and governing bodies, contribute to accountability by respecting ethical principles. It looks at ways to promote open communication, financial disclosure, and regulatory compliance as means of promoting transparency in administrative procedures. The chapter also emphasizes administrators' ethical obligations to uphold honesty, abstain from conflicts of interest, and advance justice and fairness in decision-making procedures.
Unlocking Potential
Authors: Akıncı Özden Sevgi
Published: October 2024

Focusing on the International Monetary Fund, the study underscores the profound impact of the international institutions on the global economy and the interconnected nature of their operations. It emphasizes overcoming common barriers to reform, such as disparities in representation and decision-making power, to promote more inclusive and effective governance. Reform of the international institutions is essential to prevent or mitigate global crises and to promote equitable and sustainable development worldwide. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, followed by data interpretation through visual analysis, observation, and evaluation. The findings were subjected to an assessment, after which recommendations were presented. The study concludes with a call for structural reforms to enhance the resilience, responsiveness, and fair distribution of electoral power. This would facilitate effective structural reforms and promote sustainable economic development.
Fostering Prosperity
Authors: Kayral İhsan Erdem , Altan Hacer Pınar , Gontijo Tiago Silveira
Published: October 2024

This study aims to investigate the influence of the quality of governance on economic development among 38 OECD countries using a panel data approach. The data was gathered from the World Bank database for the period of 2002-2021 and consists of six governance indicators and two macroeconomic variables. The independent variables are the six governance indicators (WGI): control of corruption (CC), government effectiveness (GE), political stability and absence of violence/terrorism (PS), rule of law (RL), regulatory quality (RQ), and voice and accountability (VA). The dependent variable is the natural logarithm of GDP per capita, and inflation and real interest rates are control variables. The research identifies a direct and significant relationship between GDPPC and GE, PS, RL, RQ, and VA in OECD countries. These findings suggest that the existence of mechanisms for GE, PS, RL, RQ, and VA contribute positively to economic development. Moreover, interest rates and inflation are found to be significant and negatively related to GDPPC.
Sustainable Development and Ecological Footprint in Türkiye
Authors: Bayraç Hüseyin Naci , Çemrek Fatih
Published: October 2024

The ecological footprint serves as a devised methodology aimed at quantifying the impact of human endeavors on ecosystems. Sustainability, in this context, entails the augmentation of biologically productive areas, fortification of their capacity for self-regeneration, and preservation thereof. The ecological footprint framework emerges as a numerical tool pivotal for fostering the sustainable utilization of resources. The principal objective of this research is to identify the determinants contributing to the ecological footprint within the framework of sustainable development, focusing on selected indicators for Türkiye, namely Ecological Footprint per Capita, CO2 Emissions per Capita, GDP per Capita, Energy Consumption per Capita. The chapter aims to explore the interrelationships among these variables through cointegration and causality analyses.
Empowerment Through Legislation
Authors: Thomas Subin , Satapathy Smita
Published: October 2024

Women can be empowered by laws that safeguard and promote their sexual and reproductive rights. The concept of reproductive rights specifies the rights of women to make decisions about their own bodies and health, highlighting the right of choice in reproductive matters. The social and cultural context in India presents a complex and multifaceted view of the concept of reproductive rights of women. Childbearing is viewed as a societal responsibility of women in Indian society. This restricts women's right to make decisions about their own lives by putting pressure on them to have children even if they are not ready. In India, abortion is also frequently seen as a women's issue, and women who choose to have an abortion are stigmatized and discriminated against. Authors propose actionable policy recommendations for an equitable and just society where women's rights are both legally protected and culturally esteemed.
Climate Change and Feminization of Agriculture in India
Authors: Satapathy Subrata S.
Published: October 2024

The feminization of agriculture in India, driven by male migration to urban areas, intersects with the growing challenges of climate change, creating a complex landscape of both opportunities and challenges. Women, increasingly responsible for agricultural work, face heightened vulnerabilities due to their reliance on natural resources and limited access to adaptive technologies, credit, and decision-making power. Climate change exacerbates these challenges, intensifying workloads and threatening food security as crop yields decline and traditional farming practices become less viable. However, this convergence also presents opportunities for empowering women through targeted interventions such as land ownership, access to climate-resilient technologies, and involvement in decision-making processes. By recognizing and supporting women's critical roles in agriculture India can enhance agricultural productivity, promote gender equality, and build climate resilience in rural communities.
Formation of Water Demand for Drained Lands in Variable Climatic and Agricultural Land Reclamation Conditions
Authors: Rokochynskyi Anatolii , Volk Pavlo , Kuzmych Lyudmyla , Koptyuk Roman , Volk Liubov , Kuzmych Anna
Published: October 2024

The chapter provides information on crop evaporation and water consumption during different growth stages, influenced by prevailing weather and climate conditions. This data serves as the basis for designing and implementing effective water regulation strategies. The authors conducted an assessment of the weather and climate in Western Polissia of Ukraine, and performed computer simulations of diverse climate scenarios. These simulations were based on comprehensive forecasts and models, considering key parameters of hydro-melioration systems, local climatic conditions, water management techniques, and the productivity of drained lands under various natural, agronomic, and reclamation conditions. Long-term forecasts were utilized to determine the vegetative values of total evaporation and the water demand of drained lands under changing weather and climatic conditions. Additionally, the authors evaluated the technological efficiency of different methods for moistening drained lands.
Research on the Influence of Ecological Sustainability of the Territory on Rational Land Use in Agricultural Enterprises in the Context of Food Security
Authors: Tykhenko Ruslan , Tykhenko Olha , Openko Ivan , Shevchenko Oleksandr , Stepchuk Yanina , Rokochinskiy Anatoliy , Volk Pavlo
Published: October 2024

In the realm of agricultural research, this study delves into the ecological state of agricultural land use, shedding light on significant trends in the transformation of land relations. The article meticulously evaluates the ecological state of land by considering the degree of anthropogenic load. Through rigorous analysis, it establishes the coefficient of ecological stability of the territory, providing valuable insights into the intensity of land use. The research also formulates diverse scenarios depicting the functioning of contemporary agroecosystems within agricultural land use. Furthermore, the study identifies pivotal pathways for a successful transition toward an adaptive farming system, crucial for the establishment of efficient agricultural land use. This research area specifically focuses on investigating the impact of ecological sustainability of the territory on rational land use within agricultural enterprises, emphasizing its paramount importance in the broader context of ensuring food security.
Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Carbon Sequestration Potential and Its Estimation Using GIS Technologies and Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Achasov Andrii , Achasova Alla , Titenko Ganna
Published: October 2024

The chapter considers soil carbon sequestration potential as a characteristic associated with the genesis of soils and the degree of their degradation. Various options for estimating the soil carbon sequestration potential based on comparing potentially achievable and actual levels of organic carbon content in soils are considered. Possible scenarios of carbon losses and carbon sequestration by the soils of Ukraine for the period up to 2050 are discussed. A method of spatial quantitative assessment of soil sequestration potential is proposed, considering the heterogeneity of relief and the degree of erosion degradation of soils. The implementation of the method is presented in the case of an experimental site located in the forest-steppe of Ukraine (Kharkiv region). It was shown that underestimation of the features of soil spatial heterogeneity can lead to errors in the estimation of the soil organic carbon sequestration potential up to 50% of the average value.
Influence of Soil Tillage Methods on the Protective Role of Vegetation Cover
Authors: Koliada Valerii Petrovich , Kruglov Oleksandr Viktororovich , Shevchenko Mykola Viktororovich , Zhuravel Oleksandr Mykolaiovych , Dolia Sergii Mykolaiovych
Published: October 2024

This chapter presents opportunities to use vegetative plants or their residues on the soil surface as a primary main indicator that restrains the development of erosion processes. Technological measures of soil cultivation that create different levels of erosion control efficiency presented, directly affecting the presence of post-harvest residues on the surface and indirectly the conditions of growth and development of crops in the conditions of unstable and insufficient moistening of Left Bank Forest Steppe, which is especially pronounced in the spring period. The methods and types of soil cultivation to strengthen this indicator by preserving the post-harvest residues of the previous crop for a certain period of time are considered. The compensating ways for an inevitable weakening of plant development and a decrease in their yield against the background of minimal tillage are presented to solve a problem of the same values of erosion resistance in agrocenosis with different tillage options during the growing season of crops in the rotation.
Increasing the Economic Efficiency of Irrigation Restoration Investment Projects in the Face of Climate Change
Authors: Matiash Tetiana , Polishchuk Vitalii , Zhovtonog Olga , Butenko Yaryna , Saliuk Alla , Soroka Nataliya
Published: October 2024

The chapter presents a scientific and methodological approach to justify investment projects for restoring irrigation systems in southern Ukraine that were not damaged by hostilities. It focuses on irrigation systems in the Odessa region covering up to 10000 hectares with water supply from local sources. The economic efficiency of investment projects for system restoration is analyzed under different agricultural scenarios. Proposals for modernizing a small irrigation system in Odessa are developed, considering legislative reforms for water user organizations. The chapter evaluates the technical condition of infrastructure, land use, legislative reforms, climate change, and water resources availability. Legal aspects of irrigation restoration are examined, and modernization plans are proposed with results mapping. Profitability indicators are calculated for various investment return scenarios, comparing them with the basic business scenario. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess project resilience to changes in key parameters.
Plant Extracts as Antimicrobial Agents Against Fungal Food Contamination
Authors: Kporou Elisee Kouassi
Published: October 2024

Plants are known as a source of secondary metabolites and have been used as antimicrobials in human health, animal health and crop protection. With the development of organic agriculture, new methods have been developed to innovate with plant extracts as herbicides, insecticides and fungicides in agriculture. The aim of this chapter is to review the literature on potential plants that could be used to develop new natural fungicides to combat foodborne fungal contamination. It will describe of the most cited plants as antifungal in agriculture, methods extraction and antifungal tests. Then, it will present newly discovered compounds from plants as effective antimicrobial agents in food manufacturing.
Strategic Retention Management Approach to Academic Migration and Attrition With Policy Implications and Educational Leadership Reimagined
Authors: Agboola Bolapeju Mary
Published: October 2024

This chapter investigated academics' perceptions of migration and attrition rates in Jamaican and Nigerian universities using mixed methods. Data on attrition were generated using a checklist and academics' perceptions data were obtained with an open-ended questionnaire survey while ensuring confidentiality of the participant's identity and information. Data were analysed with inferential statistics and thematic analysis. The results revealed that academic attrition rates of lecturers and below were higher than senior lecturers and professors, with males higher than females. Job status, organizational factors, and weak retention policy statistically significantly influence attrition and migration decisions. In conclusion, differences exist among academic attrition rates, consequently, the researcher's strategic retention management model identifies factors that induce migration/attrition and their implications for leadership reimagination and the development of retention policies and proactive support practices to manage academics.
The Role of Human Factors in Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities
Authors: Verma Harish Chandra , Srivastava Saurabh
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the crucial influence that human behavior and decision-making have on information system security. Human factors continue to be a major source of weaknesses in cybersecurity plans, even while technology measures constitute its core. This study looks into the several ways that human factors—such as social engineering, cognitive biases, and insufficient training—affect cybersecurity risks. The chapter illustrates how human errors, such as weak password practices, and phishing vulnerability, can undermine even the strongest technology defenses by looking at case studies. It emphasizes the significance of strategy for cybersecurity. To lower the risks associated with people, it suggests extensive training plans, approachable system designs, and organizational guidelines. In an effort to reduce human error, the chapter also examines new developments in the field, such as behavioural biometrics and AI-driven monitoring systems. In the end, this chapter highlights how important it is to address human elements in order to improve overall cybersecurity resilience
Understanding and Addressing Human Factors in Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities
Authors: Thirupathi Lingala , Vasundara B. , Sundaragiri Dheeraj , Ch Vijaya Bhaskar , Gugulothu Ravi , Pulyala Radhika
Published: October 2024

Addressing human factors in cybersecurity is essential due to the prevalent exploitation of human errors and behaviors by attackers. This approach involves continuous education and engaging training programs tailored to various roles, emphasizing interactive and personalized learning. Implementing strong security policies with clear guidelines and simplified procedures, backed by regular audits and enforcement, enhances compliance. Technological solutions such as automation, user-friendly security tools, and behavioral analytics play a critical role in reducing human errors and detecting anomalies. Cultivating a security-conscious culture, with leadership commitment and encouraging non-punitive incident reporting, fosters proactive security practices. Limiting the attack surface through different principles minimizes vulnerabilities. Enhancing incident response capabilities ensures effective handling and mitigation of security breaches. This holistic approach integrates education, policy, technology, and culture to strengthen organizational resilience against cybersecurity threats.