bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Federal Research Centers in Implementing the Strategic Priorities of Scientific and Technological Development of Russia
Authors: Samarin Aleksey
Published: February 2022

The image of Russian science will change with the adoption of the new state program: Scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation. This paper discusses the reasons for such a significant transformation of science, and defines the tasks of federal research centers in the new system. Three federal centers of the European North of Russia were chosen as the objects of the study including Karelian, Kola and Komi Federal Research Centers. The paper briefly describes the history of the creation of a regional network of scientific organizations and their tasks. It also gives some examples of successful complex interdisciplinary cooperation between these three scientific organizations during the Soviet period. The attention is focused on the challenges facing the scientific organizations at present and the tools proposed for solving these. The tools primarily include a project approach and mechanisms for organizing complex interdisciplinary research, such as federal scientific and technical programs, integrated research programs, scientific educational centers at the international level, and the strategic academic leadership program Priority-2030. These aim to concentrate the efforts of researchers on the priority tasks of developing science and the most important sectors of the country’s economy. Federal research centers have a number of advantages over ordinary scientific organizations when science begins to concentrate in large ‘regions of knowledge’. Due to redistribution of internal reserves, they can initiate new research trends, points of growth, and joint research within the framework of integration projects.
Keywords: federal research centers, project management, grand challenges, networking tools
Memories About the Great Patriotic War Based on the Memoirs of Kalevala District Residents
Authors: Yalovitsyna Svetlana , Dubrovskaya Elena
Published: February 2022

This article describes the features of the collective memory of Kalevala District residents about the traumatic events of World War II. The source material for the analysis was testimonies of the participants of the Great Patriotic War published in the 1960s - 1970s and oral memoirs of our contemporaries. The stories of the respondents were collected in 2020 and provide information about both personal participation in the events (”children of war”) and stories of the deceased participants of the war preserved in the family. Factors that have had a significant impact on the authors of these recollections include: the decades that have passed since the war; the very ”image of the enemy” in the situation where the adversary was Karelian’s kin; the historical turns in the relationships between Russia and Finland; international and cross-border cooperation; and the role of the memory of the war in Russia’s historical and political discourse. The article presents the characteristic features of the collected body of modern war memoirs: symbiosis of official and individual discourses; the ethnographic nature; the presence of unique private facts that can form the basis for historical research; and “difficult” moments of personal history which often contradict the moral imperatives of the informants. The recollections contain a combination of heroic and traumatic narratives deepened by the cultural proximity of the war opponents: Karelians and Finns. The authors use the concept of ”identity” to separate historical research and historical memory, focusing on the latter. An individual’s historical memory of the war, a person’s reflections on what they remember and what they know from the official version of history, allow us to address the issue of the influence of the “war” factor on shaping the person’s identity.
Keywords: memory, oral history, World War II, Karelia, published memoirs, the past and the present
The Influence of Gender in the Formation of Livvi Karelians in the Ladoga Region in the 17
Authors: Zhukov Aleksey
Published: February 2022

The Livvi Karelian sub-ethnic group started forming in the 17th century in Olonets land (Olonets Pogost), and from the 18th century, Livvi ethnogenesis expanded to the Serdobol Ladoga region (Sortavala, Imbilaksha, Suistamo, Salmi, and Suojarvi pogosts), which originally was populated by the Karelian proper subgroup. This article reveals how this ethnogenesis was influenced by the family and marital relationships among Olonets Livvi and with Ladogan Karelians. These factors are analyzed in detail over a century-long period (late 17th – late 18th century) through the example of the Tulmozero Volost of the Olonets Governorate, which bordered the Ladoga region. The study is based on the 3rd, 4th, and 5th tax censuses, and the findings are verified using the present-day ethno-linguistic characteristics of Karelian supradialects and dialects.
Keywords: Livvi Karelians, local ethnic group, marital relationships, gender factor, volost, village, Olonets Governorate, Serdovol Uyezd, tax census
İstanbul'un Diasporik İmgeleri
Authors: SEN Sebahattin
Published: February 2022

İstanbul’un sinematografik imgeleri, Yeşilçam’dan bugüne farklılaşmaktadır. Yeşilçam melodramlarında evin bir uzantısı, bir tür bir iç mekân gibidir İstanbul. 1960’lı ve 1970’li yılların toplumsal gerçekçi filmlerinde ise bir taraftan bakışın öne yöneldiği, ele geçirilmesi gereken bir arzu mekânı, diğer taraftan mücadele edilmesi gereken kötücül bir evrendir. 1990’lardan bugüne, İstanbul artık olumlu ya da olumsuz bir imgenin yüklenmediği, sıradan ilişkilerin ve hayatların sıradan şehridir. Bununla birlikte Kürt filmlerinde ya da Kürtleri konu edinen filmlerde İstanbul’un nasıl bir imgesinin oluştuğuyla ilgili akademik bir çalışmaya rastlanmamaktadır. Kürt sinemasının gelişiminde önemli bir yere sahip olan İstanbul; 1990’ların sonlarından bu yana Kürt filmlerinin yoğun bir şekilde üretildiği, dağıtıldığı ve izlendiği merkezlerden biridir. Bu durum, yani İstanbul’un hem Kürtler hem de Kürt sineması açısından bir merkeze dönüşmesi; hem Kürt sorunuyla hem de İstanbul’un kültürel, sanatsal, politik ve kolonyalist bir metropol olmasıyla bağlantılıdır. Dolayısıyla Kürt yönetmenler ve senaristler açısından İstanbul’un; belli algıların, duyguların, fikirlerin yoğunlaştığı sinematografik bir mekâna dönüşmesi anlaşılabilir. Bu makalede, Kürt filmlerinde ve Kürtlerin konu edildiği filmlerde İstanbul’un Türk sinemasında görülmeyen yeni bir imgesinin belirdiği iddia edilmektedir. İstanbul’un diasporik imgesi olarak adlandırılan bu yeni imge, 1990’ların sonlarından bugüne bir dizi film üzerinden çözümlenecektir. Bu filmlerde İstanbul; politik aktivizmin, devletten ve toplumdan yayılan şiddetin, geride bırakılan “ülkeye” duyulan özlemin geçici ortamı ve dağılmanın, delirmenin, parçalanmanın mekânıdır.
A Comparative Study on the Interaction Effect of Date of Planting, Variety and Head Diameter on the Post Harvest Quality of Broccoli Stored in Refrigerated Condition
Authors: Chanbisana Chingtham , Banik A.K.
Published: February 2022

Background: Broccoli [Brassica oleracea (L.) var.italica plecnk.] is a cole crop with highly perishability. It is rich in vitamin, antioxidants, anticancerous compounds and health promoting chemicals. It is harvested at tender and tight bud stage due to which the deterioration rate is high because of the high respiration rate of the broccoli head. This exotic crop is becoming popular since consumers are continuously health conscious. It has a shelf life only two days in room condition. There arise a need to retain postharvest quality of broccoli to meet the consumer demand. Methods: Three different date of planting i.e 15th Sept, 30th Sept and 15th Oct, 2014 were done in two broccoli cultivar Aishwarya and Sadhana while harvestings were done in 2015 at three different stages of head diameter i.e. 12-14 cm, 14-16 cm and above 16 cm. Storage studies for biochemical changes for ascorbic acid, chlorophyll content, total soluble solids and sensory analysis were carried out in refrigerated condition. Result: On studying the interaction effects of date of planting, variety and head diameter, it was concluded that early sown broccoli i.e 15th September showed better quality with smaller head diameter in variety Aishwarya.
​Efficacy of Resveratrol and Ursolic Acid on Biofilm Inhibition and Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus uberis
Authors: Greeshma A.J. , Pushpa R.N. Ramani , Kavitha K. Lakshmi , Rao T. Srinivasa
Published: February 2022

Background: Bovine mastitis is a multifactorial and is one of the most challenging disease. It can be caused by many different bacterial species, the most common of which are Staphylococcus species and Streptococcus species. The prevalence of different species varies temporally, geographically and also due to control measures adopted in herds. The present study is on the biofilm forming Streptococcus uberis causing mastitis and the effect of antibiofilm agents on the antimicrobial resistance of the microorganisms. Methods: The isolates were identified by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two antibiofilm agents, resveratrol and ursolic acid (UA) each at two concentrations (30 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml) were used for the study. Biofilm formation and rate of biofilm inhibition was detected using quantitative microtiter plate (MTP) assay and biofilm gene (lux S) was detected using PCR. The isolates treated with antibiofilm agents were subjected to standard disc diffusion test with 7 antibiotics and the change in antibiotic resistance was studied. Result: The mean±SE values of inhibition rates of 29 S. uberis isolates by 30 μg/ml UA, 100 μg/ml UA, 30 μg/ml resveratrol, 100 μg/ml resveratrol were 33.96±3.17%, 57.40±2.8%, 31.35±3.12% and 46.28±3.47%, respectively. Biofilm inhibiting agents along with all antibiotics had reduced antimicrobial resistance by 1.5-2 times on in vitro antibiotic resistance testing by disc diffusion at 100 μg/ml concentration. The antibiofilm agents were found to be very effective to control antibiotic resistance of S. uberis from mastitic milk samples in vitro.
Qualitative and Quantitative Estimation of Osteopontin in Bull Semen and its Effect on Sperm Quality Parameters and Fertility Rate In vivo
Authors: Biswal S.S. , Joseph C. , Kumar T.M.A. Senthil , Reena D. , Mishra C. , Panigrahi S. , Sathapathy S.
Published: February 2022

Background: Osteopontin plays a crucial role in fertilization and subsequent embryonic development. Methods: The fresh semen samples were collected from crossbred Jersey and Haryana breeding bulls. The proteins in the seminal plasma and sperm membrane were precipitated and analysed by SDS-PAGE followed by western blotting. Based on the concentration of osteopontin in the seminal plasma, the bulls were grouped as high (≥20 pg/ml), medium (10-20 pg/ml) and low (≤10 pg/ml) OPN groups. Result: Total 13 and 14 different proteins were identified in the seminal plasma and sperm membrane, respectively. The sperm velocity parameters (straight line velocity and straightness) and functional membrane integrity showed significant difference among high, medium and low OPN groups. Significant difference (P less than 0.05) was observed in malondialdehyde, SOD and glutathione reductase levels. Bulls which are having high osteopontin concentration in the semen had less sperm abnormality, less apoptotic cells, better resistance to cryopreservation, less damaged chromatin and higher conception rate (64.80±1.09) than bulls having low osteopontin concentration in their semen. Therefore, osteopontin may be a valuable protein marker to predict fertility in bulls.
Depth Wise Variability of Available N, P and K at Different Locations under Rice - Pea- Sugarcane Cropping System in Meerut District (U.P)
Authors: Kumar Vipin , Kumar Satendra , Singh Akansha , Dhyani B.P. , Shahi U.P. , Kumar Mukesh , . Purushottam , Navsare R.I.
Published: February 2022

Background: The research is based on the fertility status of the soil being affected year by year so here is a strategy to save the soil fertility level or soil health by the use of a leguminous cropping system. Methods: A study was conducted during 2018-2021 in the Meerut district of western Uttar Pradesh to evaluate the soil characterization of the rice - pea- sugarcane cropping system. The soil samples were analyzed for various parameters in the laboratory. The status of available NPK in soils and other soil properties like pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and organic carbon (OC) content were assessed. Result: Results reveal that the soils of the study area were neutral to strongly alkaline in reaction and non-saline in nature. Nutrient status regarding to the available nutrient in the surface (0-15 cm) and subsurface (15-30 cm) depth of soil indicate that soils are low in available N and medium in available P and K in surface and subsurface. A positive and significant correlation of NPK with organic matter content was found while significant and negative correlations exist between the soil pH.
Studies on the Effect of Water Stress on Root Traits in Green Gram Cultivars
Authors: Amarapalli Geetha
Published: February 2022

Background: Green gram is one of the important pulse crops of chief protein source, with ability to fix nitrogen. Erratic rainfall, while it’s grown as rainfed crop, leads to the yield loss due to water stress. Plant root system architecture is plastic and is important sink of photosynthates. In general, the ability of plants to change its root distribution for exploiting water deeper in soil profiles can be an important mechanism to avoid soil water stress. Identification of genotypes based on root traits under water stress conditions will aid in development of drought tolerant varieties for yield exploitation. Methods: The experiment was conducted during Rabi, 2018-19 with five green gram varieties as main treatment and irrigation intervals as sub treatments in three replications in factorial RBD in root structures. Observations were recorded on root parameters at flowering stage. The root structures were dismantled during flowering stage and all the plants removed from the soil without damaging the roots by using water with jet pump. Five representative samples were collected under different stress level. Root studies were performed with Delta T automatic root scanner. The SPAD chlorophyll meter was used to measure canopy leaves and average of the three readings was taken as SCMR value. Result: The present study results on root studies revealed that genotype, MGG-295 recorded highest mean plant height under three stress conditions and same genotype also produced longer root length under mild water stress conditions, higher SCMR values under non-stress and mild stress. Genotype, MGG-347 recorded highest root diameter under non- stress and mild stress. MGG-385 produced highest root length under control and severe stresses, highest SCMR values under severe stress, root dry weight under mild and severe water stresses and total plant dry weight under control and mild stress. MGG-360 recorded higher shoot fresh weight under severe stress and same genotype also recorded significant superior values for total root area under mild and severe water stress and root tip count under non-stress, mild stress and severe stress. MGG-351 recorded shoot fresh weight under non stress and mild stress situations and the same genotype recorded highest values for root diameter and total plant dry weight under severe stress. The identified genotypes can be used as water stress resistant genotypes in future drought proof breeding programmes.
One Year of COVID-19 in Pregnancy: A National Wide Collaborative Study
Authors: Borges Charepe Nadia , Queirós Alexandra , Alves Maria José , Serrano Fátima , Ferreira Catarina , Gamito Mariana , Smet Carolina , Silva Vanessa , Féria Beatriz , Laranjo Mafalda , Martins Inês , Vieira-Coimbra Márcia , Almeida Maria do Céu , Soares Catarina , Castro Fabiana , Almeida Gisela , Reis Isabel , Barbosa Marta , Santos Mariana , Melo Marta , Bárbara Ariana , Gonçalves Daniela , Oliveira Mariline , Pinheiro Paula , Faustino Maria de Fátima , Oliveira Andreia , Canhão Helena , Campos Ana
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Even though the risk of COVID-19 in pregnancy may be increased, large-scale studies are needed to better understand the impact of the infection in this population. The aim of this study is to describe obstetric complications and the rate of vertical transmission in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Material and Methods: Detected cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy were registered in Portuguese hospitals by obstetricians. Epidemiological, pregnancy and childbirth data were collected.Results: There were 630 positive cases in 23 Portuguese maternity hospitals, most at term (87.9%) and asymptomatic (62.9%). The most frequent maternal comorbidity was obesity. The rates of preterm birth and small-to-gestational-age were 12.1% and 9.9%, respectively. In the third trimester, 2.9% of pregnant women required respiratory support. There were eight cases (1.5%) of fetal death, including two cases of vertical transmission. There were five cases of postpartum respiratory degradation, but no maternal deaths were recorded. The caesarean section rate was higher in the first than in the second wave (68.5% vs 31.5%). RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 positivity among newborns was 1.3%.Conclusion: SARS-Cov-2 infection in pregnancy may carry increased risks for both pregnant women and the fetuses. Individualized surveillance and the prophylaxis of this population with vaccination. is recommended in these cases.
Historia magistra vitae e sua (des)continuidade em Pinheiro Chagas
Authors: Felipe Cleber Vinicius do Amaral
Published: February 2022

O topos historia magistra vitae, sistematizado por Cícero para afirmar o caráter exemplar e moral da história, foi apropriado por cronistas, historiadores e romancistas portugueses ao longo dos séculos XV-XIX. No Oitocentos, em particular, lugares-comuns recorrentes antigos e modernos foram associados a artifícios românticos (expressivos, psicológicos, científicos, patrióticos etc.) e circularam sobejamente nas letras portuguesas. O antagonismo entre historiadores e literatos não deve ofuscar as tópicas compartilhadas, os diálogos travados e os projetos comuns, especialmente aqueles com apelo nacional. Pretende-se avaliar de que maneira a historiografia portuguesa do século XIX retomou preceitos outrora constituintes e definidores da historia magistra vitae, conferindo especial atenção aos escritos de Pinheiro Chagas. Por meio desse trabalho, notamos dois movimentos simultâneos em se tratando da historiografia portuguesa oitocentista: a perseverança de aspectos epistêmicos, normativos e pedagógicos, outrora reunidos na concepção de história exemplar, e a descontinuidade do topos, tão perceptível quanto maior for nosso interesse em historicizar o passado.
Viagem e formação
Authors: Chagas Pedro Dolabela , Oliveira Luiz Guilherme
Published: February 2022

O artigo discute a relação entre o deslocamento espacial e a formação do self nas trajetórias dos protagonistas de O encontro marcado, de Fernando Sabino, e O ventre, de Carlos Heitor Cony, tomados como representantes do Bildungsroman brasileiro dos anos 1950. Busca-se entender como aquela relação manifestava uma nova imagem do self no nosso romance, em personagens inadaptados aos seus meios de origem e impelidos a processos conflitivos de afirmação existencial. Analisa-se a viagem como tópica que dava fisicalidade a tais processos, dramatizando a busca de modos de acomodação na sociedade a serem descobertos na própria experiência do mundo. Para descrever aquela tópica, usa-se o conceito de “mapa” (KOCKELMAN, 2012) para analisar a influência de valores na construção de sujeitos e mundos sociais: especificamente, observa-se como a função existencial da viagem ecoava valores inicialmente formulados no primeiro romantismo. Para explicar porque esses valores adquiriram relevância no Brasil dos anos 1950 e assim evidenciar a importância que o Bildungsroman então assumiu em nossa literatura, argumenta-se que o gênero dava expressão a angústias de uma juventude presa na transição entre modelos de vida fundados na obediência a instituições tradicionais e a plena legitimação da construção dos próprios modos de vida, que seria estabelecida apenas em gerações posteriores. Ao final, faz-se uma breve digressão sobre a relação entre o corpus analisado e versões posteriores do self no romance brasileiro.
Literatura
Authors: França Eduardo Melo
Published: February 2022

Com este artigo pretendemos, primeiro, demonstrar que todo gesto mimético empreendido pela literatura, toda forma artística, é também a expressão de um modo de subjetividade, assim como revelador de uma visão de mundo. Depois, que seria principalmente através dos aspectos formais, e não necessariamente discursivos, que a literatura apreenderia e representaria mais complexamente a realidade, que por sua vez deve ser entendida num sentido mais subjetivo e menos factual. Por fim, conciliando a reafirmação da expressividade formal da literatura com uma concepção mais subjetiva e complexa da realidade, problematizamos a possibilidade de a literatura produzir em relação ao mundo um tipo de conhecimento menos conclusivo, assertivo e muito mais autoirônico, admitidamente paradoxal, inconcluso e metafórico.
Relação entre índice de massa corporal e escala de avaliação da síndrome positiva e negativa em portadores de esquizofrenia atendidos em um serviço especializado
Authors: Ricarte Juliana Raissa Oliveira , Recamonde Joseline Maria Alves Gomes , Pitts Natasha Farias , Aguiar Ana Patrícia Nogueira , Lima Rayanne Silva Vieira , Souza Fábio Gomes de Matos e , Mendonça Priscila da Silva
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: avaliar o estado nutricional e relação com o grau da sintomatologia através da Escala de Avaliação da Síndrome Positiva e Negativa (PANSS) em esquizofrênicos atendidos em um serviço especializado em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Metodologia: foram avaliados 154 pacientes acompanhados em um ambulatório de psiquiatria, com serviço especializado no tratamento de esquizofrenia de um hospital universitário, situado em Fortaleza, Ceará. As variáveis estudadas foram: peso, altura, IMC, presença de comorbidades, uso prévio de substâncias psicoativas, antipsicóticos e antidepressivos e PANSS. Resultados: a amostra constituiu-se principalmente por homens (58,4%). A prevalência de comorbidades foi de 29,9%. Observou-se maior incidência de: dislipidemias (17,5%) e hipertensão arterial sistêmica (11,0%). Verificou-se que 44,8% dos pacientes já fizeram uso de substâncias psicoativas por pelo menos uma vez; 50,6% utilizaram antidepressivos e 96,1% utilizaram antipsicóticos antes de chegar ao serviço especializado. De acordo com o IMC, 65,58% dos pacientes apresentavam excesso de peso, 31,81% eram eutróficos e 2,59% tinham baixo peso. Houve uma correlação negativa entre IMC e PANSS positiva (r = -0,171; p = 0,043) e uma associação entre sobrepeso e diabetes (p = 0,023) e sobrepeso e dislipidemia (p = 0,030). Conclusão: pacientes esquizofrênicos constituem um grupo de risco nutricional. Portanto, evidencia-se a importância do cuidado nutricional em todos os estágios do tratamento.
Risk Assessment of Debris Flows in Small Watersheds on the Northeast Margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau—A Case Study of Zhujiagou Watershed
Authors: Qiu Zhanlin , Yang Weimin , Wu Jihuan , Wan Feipeng , Zha Xuan , Liu Chenyang
Published: February 2022

In the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, fractures and fault zones have developed in this area, where earthquakes and extreme rainfall frequently induce debris flow disasters, which seriously threaten the safety of the people and properties. In this study, Zhujiagou, Minxian County, Gansu Province in China, has a typical debris flow channel in a small watershed on the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which has been used as the case study for risk assessment. A debris flow-risk assessment method has been developed in this study. The fusion algorithm of entropy weight and coefficient of variation has been used to evaluate the susceptibility of debris flow in each tributary channel in the watershed. Further, numerical simulation of the debris flow events at the main channel and at the high-prone debris flow tributary channel has been carried out. The “7.18” Zhujiagou debris flow event has been used to verify that the accuracy of the numerical simulation is higher than 74.12%. This method has been applied to design the Zhujiagou debris flow-risk zoning under extreme rainfall conditions, aimed at forming a set of debris flow-risk evaluation system suitable for this type of small watershed. The results show that the peak single-width clear water flow at the mouth of the channel, the length of the channel, and the shallow surface rock formation are the main factors influencing the susceptibility of debris flow. The main tributaries of the watershed are Hagu channel, Zhuling channel, Songshu channel, and Langjia channel which are all high-prone debris flow channels. The Zhujiagou debris flow accumulation fan under the designed 1% rainfall frequency will block the Taohe, which will threaten the safety of the residents and properties near the channel, at the mouth of the channel and in the urban area on the opposite bank of the Taohe. Compared with Hagugou, Zhulinggou, and Songshugou, the low-risk area is Langjiagou. The research results of this study can be used for evaluation methods and as a basis for preventing debris flow disasters on the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Multifrequency Inversion of Complex Electrical Conductivity Measurements for Simultaneous Assessment of Wettability, Porosity, and Water Saturation
Authors: Posenato Garcia Artur , Heidari Zoya , Torres-Verdin Carlos
Published: February 2022

Multifrequency complex electric measurements are influenced by the joint effects of mineralogy, spatial distribution of fluids and solids, properties of fluids and minerals, and interfacial polarization mechanisms. The interpretation of multifrequency electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity dispersion can yield information about the dominant dielectric polarization mechanisms. The dielectric polarization mechanisms detected in sedimentary rocks are linked to grain size, shape, and orientation relative to the externally applied electric field, electrochemical adsorption/desorption complexation reactions, wettability, porosity, and fluid saturations. In this work, we introduce a new workflow for multifrequency interpretation of complex permittivity measurements. The introduced workflow enables simultaneous assessment of dominant wettability, porosity, and hydrocarbon reserves. These properties are estimated by minimizing a cost function using a combination of downhill gradient-descent and an evolutionary algorithm. The cost function quantifies the difference between measured and numerically calculated multifrequency complex dielectric permittivity through a recently introduced rock-physics model. We successfully applied the new interpretation workflow to multifrequency electrical resistivity/permittivity measurements obtained from two water-wet and two hydrocarbon-wet sandstone core samples. Simultaneous estimates of wettability, water saturation, and porosity obtained by applying the new interpretation workflow were in agreement with experimental measurements. Assessment of hydrocarbon reserves, porosity, and dominant wettability solely from the interpretation of multifrequency complex-valued electrical measurements is a unique contribution of the introduced workflow. Additionally, the new workflow honors rock fabric and, thus, it minimizes the necessity of extensive calibration efforts. All the parameters needed as inputs to the new interpretation workflow are associated with physical mechanisms at microscopic- and pore-scale domains or realistic and quantitative pore geometry features of the rock.
Determining Severity of Lateral and Torsional Downhole Vibrations While Drilling Surface Holes Using Three Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Alsaihati Ahmed , Alotaibi Bader
Published: February 2022

Downhole vibrations while drilling surface holes could pose significant operational risks, such as premature failure of drillstring components. Using expensive downhole sensors is the most accurate and reliable technique to monitor downhole vibrations in real time. The high cost, however, hinders the operator to use such sensors in each well.

This research aims to build different machine learning (ML) models, namely, K-nearest neighbors (K-NN), logistic regression (LR), and random forests (RF), to determine the severity of downhole vibrations (i.e., lateral and torsional while drilling surface holes). Actual field data of 10 wells, where the operator used downhole sensors to monitor downhole vibrations, were used to build predictive models. The input variables included drilling surface parameters and daily operational drilling reports, while the output variables were the severity of the downhole vibrations. One-hot encoding was applied to all categorical variables to convert them to a suitable format for ML modeling. During the model’s development, a new approach that considers the previous actual and predicted vibrations was applied to enable the ML models to learn from the past to classify the severity of vibrations in the future. The developed models were optimized by tuning specific hyperparameters for each technique to reach the optimum models’ performance. Well 11 was used to validate the developed models.

The analysis showed that the data set of Well 11 is not balanced in terms of the severity of vibrations. Therefore, the performance of the models was evaluated using macroaveraging and microaveraging methods to depict the actual performance of the models in all classes of the severity of vibrations. The results showed that the LR model outperformed the other models in predicting the severity of downhole lateral and torsional vibrations in Well 11. This indicates that there is a stronger relationship between the input variables and the output variables in our data set in the case of the LR model compared with other models.

The approach described in this paper shows potential for continuous monitoring of downhole vibrations in the subsequent offset wells without the need for installing downhole sensors, hence reducing the overall cost of the well.
Acetylation reprograms MITF target selectivity
Authors: Goding Colin , Louphrasitthiphol Pakavarin , Loffreda Alessia , Pogenberg Vivian , Picaud Sarah , Schepsky Alex , Friedrichsen Hans , Zeng Zhiqiang , Thomas Benjamin , Patton E , Wilmanns Matthias , Filippakopoulos Panagis , Steingrimsson Eirikur , Mazza Davide
Published: February 2022

The ability of transcription factors to discriminate between different classes of binding sites associated with specific biological functions underpins effective gene regulation in development and homeostasis. How this is achieved is poorly understood. The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor MITF is a lineage-survival oncogene that plays a crucial role in melanocyte development and melanoma. MITF suppresses invasion, reprograms metabolism and promotes both proliferation and differentiation. How MITF distinguishes between differentiation and proliferation-associated targets is unknown. Here we show that compared to many transcription factors MITF exhibits a very long (>100s) residence time which is reduced by p300/CBP-mediated MITF acetylation at K206. While K206 acetylation also decreases genome-wide MITF DNA-binding affinity, it preferentially directs DNA binding away from differentiation-associated CATGTG motifs toward CACGTG elements. The results reveal an acetylation-mediated switch that suppresses differentiation and provides a mechanistic explanation of why a human K206Q MITF mutation is associated with Waardenburg syndrome.
Quantum Fisher Information of N-Qubit W And GHZ Superposition State Under Nonlocal Operation
Authors: Li Yan
Published: February 2022

From the perspective of nonlocal operation, we investigate the Quantum Fisher information of N-qubit W and GHZ superposition state. Taking advantage of the general Ising model and Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, we analytically present the QFI of N-qubit superposition state. Evidently the traditional fixed QFI is changed and largely increased. As an paradigm, we numerically study the QFI of 3-qubit superposition state with respect to ratio α and interaction strength ε, and find the trends of QFI in both models are similar. There always exists a turning point for QFI and the α is around 0.7. Interestingly, for the interaction strength ε = 1 in Ising model, the well-known Heisenberg limit is almost achieved for all α. Moreover, under the same interaction strength, we compare the QFI of N-qubit superposition state in both models. With the increasing qubits involved, the α for maximal QFI in Ising model is changed from close to 1 to the middle region, while it is different in Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model and the α is close to 1.
Sampling Size Determination: Application In Geochemical Sampling For Environmental Impact Assessment
Authors: Zhou Meng , Chihobve Elizabeth , Zhao Baojin , Song Zhen
Published: February 2022

Quantification of the uncertainties associated with environmental geochemical prediction as a function of sample size is always a concern when performing specifically an Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA). While the study of determination of sample size in geochemical field is limited, there is a definite need for the development of a methodology together with a protocol which addresses geochemical sampling (sample sizing and representative) analyses in geochemical predictions. Based on Central Limited Theory, this article proposed a statistical methodology for determining sample size and applied this methodology using the Vaal River and West Wits tailing dams in South African as a case study. It also discussed the factors such as confidence interval, acceptable sampling error etc. that could influence sample size estimation and recommended a tradeoff strategy to reduce the sample size for economic reason.
Evaluating Seismic Hazard Map for Specified Seismic Source Fault Using GIS-based 3D Deterministic Model: a Case Study of Low Seismicity Region in Egypt
Authors: DJAMALUDDIN Ibrahim , Indrayani Poppy , Meneisy Ahmed M.
Published: February 2022

Although Egypt may be considered as an area of low seismicity, it has experienced the recurring destructive effects of earthquakes throughout its history. The damage distribution is significantly affected by fault geometry and the local site effects. Thus, an appropriate assessment of seismic hazard became a major challenge for efficient mitigation of the seismic risk. This study develops the Geographical Information System (GIS) based three-dimensional (3D) deterministic model to evaluate the seismic hazard map for specified seismic source fault for Egypt. The geometry of a fault plane is generated by a fault-modeling algorithm in which multiple 3D plane sets are interpreted by fault trace, geology, and topography. For estimating the local site effects, the study area is modeled by a 3D grid-mesh system and the ground motion propagation is estimated at each grid by considering the spatial analysis of average shear-wave velocity and a soil susceptibility map. The developed model is applied to simulate the seismic hazard maps in particular the October 12, 1992, Dahshour earthquake that caused huge disasters. The simulated seismic hazard maps of the October 12, 1992, Dahshour earthquake are validated at the observation of an isoseismal map and the evidence of the locations that caused serious damages. Furthermore, an evaluation of the expected Dahshour earthquake with magnitude 6.5 and October 11, 1999, Beni Suef earthquake is conducted for seismic risk mitigation study. By utilizing the developed model, our results encourage the GIS approach for seismic hazard analysis where 3D models can lead to a more accurate assessment.
The Natural History of the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia Illucens: Insights From Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequences
Authors: Guilliet Joseph , Baudouin Guillaume , Nicolas Pollet , Jonathan Filee
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe Black Soldier Fly (BSF) Hermetia illucens is a cosmopolitan fly heavily used by industrial companies to reduce biowaste and produce protein and fat for poultry and aquaculture feed. However, the natural history and the genetic diversity of the BSF are poorly known. ResultsIn this study, we analyzed 677 CO1 sequences derived from samples found all over the five continents, leading us to discover 52 haplotypes, including ten major haplotypes. We refined the definition of these haplotypes by sequencing 59 mitochondrial genomes. We could derive an estimate of the separation events of the different haplotypes at more than two million years for the oldest branches. This worldwide cryptic genetic and genomic diversity is mirrored at a local scale in France, in which we found five major haplotypes sometimes in sympatry.ConclusionsOur data resolve the phylogenetic relationships between the major lineages and give insights into the dispersal and the numbers of BSF neo-introduction at global and local scales. Our results indicate that commercial BSF stock's genetic and genomic diversity is very low. In addition, this broodstock participates in disseminating the BSF in the wild. Taken together, these results call for a better understanding of the genomic diversity of the BSF to unravel possible specific adaptations of the different lineages for industrial needs and to initiate the selection process.
Anamorphic Chaetosphaeriaceous Fungi from China
Authors: Wu Wenping , Diao Yongzhao
Published: February 2022

Chaetosphaeriaceae is one of the largest families in Sordariomycetes that commonly found on decaying leaf, fruit, branch, bark and wood in both terrestrial and submerged environment in nature. This paper reports our research result of diversity, taxonomy and phylogeny of anamorphic Chaetosphaeriaceae in China, which is based on a systematic study with an integrated approach of morphological observation and phylogenetic analysis for a large collection (>1300 herbarium specimens and 1177 living strains). The family Chaetosphaeriaceae is further expanded to accomendate 89 accepted genera, including 22 new genera and 10 newly assigned genera. Most of these genera (except for Chaetosphaeria and several other relatively large genera) are delimitated as monophyletic genera with well-defined diagnostic characters in morphology. The phylogenetic connection of non-phialidic Sporidesmium -like fungi with the family is further confirmed and expanded to 10 different genera. The polyphyletic Codinaea / Dictyochaeta/Tainosphaeria complex is further resolved with a taxonomic framework of 28 monophyletic genera by redelimitation of Codinaea and Dictyochaeta with narrow concept, acceptance of the 16 established genera, and finally introduction of 10 new genera. Chloridium is phylogenetically redefined as monophyletic genus with narrow concept as typified by the type species, a systematic review in both generic and species level is still needed. For biodiversity of chaetosphaeriaceous fungi, a total of 372 species in 76 genera, including 126 new species, 48 new combinations, and 1 new name, are documented. The identification keys are provided for most genera, especially the large genera such as Codinaea , Codinaeella , Stilbochaeta , Cryptophiale , Thozetella , Dinemasporium and Pseudolachnella . In addition, ten known species were excluded from the family and reclassified. One of the future research area for this family should be the systematic revision of several relatively large polyphyletic genera, including Bahusutrabeeja , Ellisembia , Stanjehughesia , Cacumisporium , Chaetosphaeria , Chloridium , Craspedodidymum , Cryptophiale, Cryptophialoidea , Dictyochaetopsis , Minimidochium , and many published species of Codinaea and Dictyochaeta .
Can Cooperation Stimulate Firms’ Eco-Innovation? Firm-level Evidence from China
Authors: Zhang Sanfeng , Xu Xinyue , Wang Feng , Zhang Jian
Published: February 2022

Firms’ collaborative activities have created increasing opportunities for eco-innovation in modern society. Based on unbalanced panel data from the Chinese National Innovation Survey between 2011 and 2015, this paper explored the influences of different modes of cooperation, i.e., vertical cooperation, horizontal cooperation, and mixed cooperation, on the eco-innovation of Chinese manufacturing firms. Results indicated that three types of cooperation all had positive and statistically significant effects on the firms’ eco-innovation, and mixed cooperation had promoted eco-innovation more dramatically. The extent of such impacts may vary depending on the heterogeneity of the characteristic of enterprises. We also verified that knowledge spillovers from cooperative partners have played a mediating role between cooperation and eco-innovation. Our results suggest the potential benefits of diversified collaborative activities and appropriate intellectual property protection for firms’ eco-innovation in China.
Determination of essential biomarkers in lung cancer: a real-world data study in Spain.
Authors: Provencio Mariano , Cobo Manuel , Rodriguez-Abreu Delvys , Calvo Virginia , Carcereny Enric , Cantero Alejandra , Bernabé Reyes , Benitez Gretel , Castro Rafael López , Massutí Bartomeu , Barco Edel , Campelo Rosario Garcia , Guirado Maria , Camps Carlos , Ortega Ana Laura , Larriba Jose Luís González , Sánchez Alfredo , Casal Joaquín , Sala M. Angeles , Juan-Vidal Oscar , Bosch-Barrera Joaquim , Oramas Juana , Dómine Manuel , Trigo Jose Manuel , Blanco Remei , Calzas Julia , Morilla Idoia , Padilla Airam , Torrente Maria
Published: February 2022

Background: The survival of patients with lung cancer has substantially increased in the last decade by about 15%. This increase is, basically, due to targeted therapies available for advanced stages and the emergence of immunotherapy itself. This work aims to study the situation of biomarker testing in Spain.Patients and Methods: The Thoracic Tumours Registry (TTR) is an observational, prospective, registry-based study that included patients diagnosed with lung cancer and other thoracic tumours, from September 2016 to 2020. This TTR study was sponsored by the Spanish Lung Cancer Group (GECP) Foundation, an independent, scientific, multidisciplinary oncology society that coordinates more than 550 experts and 182 hospitals across the Spanish territory.Results: 9,239 patients diagnosed with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between 2106 and 2020 were analysed. 7,467 (80.8%) were non-squamous and 1,772 (19.2%) were squamous. Tumour marker testing was performed in 85.0% of patients with non-squamous tumours vs 56.3% in those with squamous tumours (p-value <0.001). The global testing of EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 was 78.9%, 64.7%, 35.6% respectively, in non-squamous histology. PDL1 was determined globally in the same period (46.9%), although if we focus on the last 3 years it exceeds 85%. There has been a significant increase in the last few years of all determinations and there are even close to 10% of molecular determinations that do not yet have targeted drug approval but will have it in the near future. 4,115 cases had a positive result (44.5%) for either EGFR, ALK, KRAS, BRAF, ROS1, or high PDL1. Conclusions: Despite the lack of a national project and standard protocol in Spain that regulates the determination of biomarkers, the situation is similar to other European countries. Given the growing number of different determinations and their high positivity, national strategies are urgently needed to implement next-generation sequencing (NGS) in an integrated and cost-effective way in lung cancer.
Photodynamic therapy is beneficial for long-standing Central Serous Chorioretinopathy but the chronic damage may impair visual outcomes
Authors: Katz Gabriel , Gur Efrat , Moisseiev Joseph , Leshno Ari
Published: February 2022

Purpose: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients are often referred to Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) with very long-term disease because of concerns about the potential negative effects of PDT on the retina and on the visual acuity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of PDT in CSCR eyes with long standing disease.Methods: The medical records of the patients that underwent PDT for CSCR between 2009 and 2019 were reviewed. Cases were divided into two groups based on the duration of disease before PDT treatment: early treatment (3 to 6 months), delayed treatment (longer than 6 months). The treatment was defined as successful when the subfoveal fluid was absorbed during follow up.Results: The PDT treatment was successful in 76% and 77% of eyes in the early and delayed treatment groups respectively. Both groups showed significant improvement in central retina measurements at the 3-months follow up which persisted to the last follow-up visit. The visual acuity (VA) at baseline was significantly worse in the delayed treatment group (0.5±0.26 vs 0.3±0.24, P=0.042) and improved in both groups but remained low in the delayed treatment group during the study.Conclusion: PDT is not associated with loss of vision in eyes with chronic CSCR, and can be safely used in eyes with relatively good VA. We suggest that if CSCR is not spontaneously improving over 3 months the patient should be offered PDT, to prevent VA loss from the long-term presence of subretinal fluid in the macula.
Parental Bonding and College Freshmen’s Depression Symptoms in China: The Mediating Role of Neuroticism
Authors: Yu Tengxu , Hu Jinsheng , Zhang Longfei
Published: February 2022

Background: This study aims to examine the influence of parental bonding on depression symptoms and the mediating role of neuroticism in their association among college freshmen. Methods: A sample of 2636 first-year college students from a university in Liaoning province, China were recruited. The care and control subscales of Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI–Ⅱ), and the neuroticism scale of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) were used to measure parental bonding, depression symptoms, and neuroticism, respectively. Results: Structural equation models indicated that maternal or paternal care negatively predicted depression symptoms, while maternal control had a significant and positive prediction of depression symptoms. Additionally, the interaction effects between care and control from both mothers and fathers on depression symptoms were also significant. The negative predictive effects of parental (maternal or paternal) care on depression symptoms were greater when parental (maternal or paternal) control was at a high level. Finally, neuroticism partially mediated the relationships between maternal care or control and depressive symptoms, paternal care and depressive symptoms; while served as a full mediator in the association between paternal control and depression symptoms. Conclusion: Parental bonding can directly affect college freshmen’s depression symptoms, and have indirect effects via the mediating role of neuroticism. These results may advance our understanding of the influence of family environment on college freshmen’s depression symptoms and its mechanisms.