bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric Care Policy in Greece in the First Half of the 20th Century
Authors: Douki Stamatina , Tzagkarakis Stylianos Ioannis , Karakatsani Despoina
Published: February 2022

Η ψυχιατρική περίθαλψη στον Ελλαδικό χώρο ακολούθησε παρόμοια πορεία με την υπόλοιπη Ευρώπη με μία σημαντική διαφορά, την καθυστέρηση στη δημιουργία ασύλων. Η παρούσα ερευνητική μελέτη στοχεύει στη διερεύνηση: α) της ανάπτυξης των ψυχιατρικών νοσοκομείων στο Ελληνικό κράτος και του ιστορικοκοινωνικού πλαισίου από τις αρχές έως τα μέσα του 20ου αιώνα και β) της διαμόρφωσης της Ψυχιατρικής Μεταρρύθμισης (ΨΜ). Η μεθοδολογία που ακολουθήθηκε περιελάμβανε την αναζήτηση σχετικής βιβλιογραφίας και ερευνητικών δεδομένων, τα οποία συλλέχθηκαν μέσα από την ηλεκτρονική βάση δεδομένων Google Scholar, μέσα από έντυπα, άρθρα, περιοδικά, διπλωματικές εργασίες και διδακτορικές διατριβές. Η μελέτη αναδεικνύει ότι τα προφανή κενά και οι σοβαρότατες ελλείψεις της ψυχιατρικής περίθαλψης στην Ελλάδα, κατά τις προηγούμενες δεκαετίες, δεν ήταν αρκετά για να επισημανθεί η αναγκαιότητα της ΨΜ, αλλά εκλήφθηκαν ως μία ακόμη επιβαλλόμενη υποχρέωση έναντι της πορείας προς τον εξευρωπαϊσμό.
EVOLUTION OF STRUCTURAL CONCEPTUAL SIGNS OF THE CROWN IN THE XX–XXI CENTURIES
Authors: Demidova Eugeniya E.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the article is to describe the conceptual signs of the crown borrowed concept of the XX–XXI centuries period.

Objectives of the article: 1. Determine the list of conceptual signs of the crown concept in a time period; 2. To correlate the motivating signs and conceptual signs of the period XVII–XIX of this concept with the highlighted conceptual ones of the new period.

The relevance of the work lies in understanding the role of borrowed concepts that have entered Russian linguoculture at different stages of language development.

The research material. Eleven explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language of the period of the XX–XXI centuries became the material of the research.

The main research methods include descriptive, conceptual, interpretive, component analysis of dictionary definitions.

Analysis of dictionary entries of the XX–XXI period centuries made it possible to identify 55 conceptual signs of the crown concept: ‘theotokos’, ‘crown’, ‘wreath’, ‘upper part / surface’, ‘sovereign person’, ‘power’, ‘outer part of the atmosphere of a celestial body (Sun / Earth)’, ‘outer part of a cluster of low stellar density’, ‘higher clergy’, ‘head’, ‘(newest) state / country’, ‘state’, ‘sovereign / empress: reigning persons’, ‘dignity (county, baronial, princely, noble)’, ‘precious’, ‘women’s headband’, ‘title (world champion)’, ‘sign’, ‘for merit’, ‘toothed hoop / tiara / hat’, ‘image’, ‘imperial’, ‘(state) treasury’, ‘rim (arched at the crown)’, ‘designation’, ‘of gold’, ‘of metal’, ‘of silver’, ‘royal’, ‘kingdom’, ‘edge’, ‘crown’, ‘monarch’, ‘monarchical / royal’, ‘on coats of arms / orders’, ‘award’, ‘worn on top’, ‘(visible light) halo (around the sun during an eclipse)’, ‘with precious stones’, ‘with carving’, ‘victory (in sport)’, ‘ruler’, ‘government’, ‘object’, ‘affiliation’, ‘regalia’, ‘symbol’, ‘constellation (Northern crown and Southern crown)’, ‘inflorescence in the form of a crown’, ‘dress’, ‘pattern’, ‘decoration’, ‘royal’, ‘kingdom’, ‘ceremony / wedding to the kingdom’. All motivating signs have passed into the category of conceptual ones, i.e. retained their relevance during the XX–XXI centuries. The conceptual signs of the crown symbolic concept of the XX–XXI centuries period are combined into 13 blocks: 1. Headdress (6 signs); 2. Dignity / title (12 signs); 3. Substance of manufacture (3 signs); 4. Form (4 signs); 5. State (7 signs); 6. Ornament (1 sign); 7. Value (1 sign); 8. Ruler (7 signs); 9. Award (2 signs); 10. Decoration (4 signs); 11. Successor of the Great Mother Goddess (1 sign); 12. Plant (2 signs); 13. Astronomical phenomenon (4 signs).
SYMBOLIC SIGNS OF THE HAPPINESS CONCEPT: LINGUOCULTURAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Kaftan Ivan I.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the article is to determine the complex of symbolic signs of the happiness concept in its structure.

Objectives of the article: 1. To analyze the language material and identify the symbolic signs of the happiness concept. 2. To present the classification of symbolic signs of the happiness concept.

The relevance of the work is determined by the understanding of the symbols of happiness related to Russian and other linguocultures. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that this article represents the first experience of addressing the topic of symbolic signs of the happiness concept in the aspect of primordial and borrowed symbols of Russian linguoculture.

The research material. The National Corpus of the Russian language (www.ruscorpora.ru) is the source of the language material.

The main research methods include the descriptive, conceptual and interpretive ones.

The article examines a significant part of the structure of the happiness concept, i.e. its symbolic signs. The symbolic signs of the happiness concept were combined into four blocks: 1. symbols of happiness of the Russian linguoculture, 2. symbols of happiness among other peoples, 3. international symbols and 4. individual symbols of happiness. The language material represents an extensive actualization of the symbolic signs of the happiness concept in the first block.
COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF NEOLOGISMS-ICT TERMS
Authors: Husnullina Yuliya A.
Published: February 2022

Purpose. This study is devoted to the description and analysis of the component composition of neologisms-ICT terms.

Methods. In the course of the research, a theoretical analysis of the scientific literature on the subject under study was carried out. Methods of linguistic observation and analysis of structural components of neologisms-ICT terms were also applied.

The material of the study was the data of modern lexicographic online dictionaries with regularly updated corpora (Dictionary of IT, Techopedia. Technology Dictionary, WordSpy, English abbreviations and acronyms).

Results. The analysis of neologisms-ICT terms contributed to the identification of the component composition diversity of the ICT term system. Scientific and technological progress contributes to the emergence of a large number of new concepts and objects that need nomination and require timely linguistic description and lexicographic registration.

Practical implications. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of using the obtained data in a practical course on the theory and practice of translation and in compiling recommendations on term formation addressed to researchers.
LINGUOCULTUROLOGICAL ASPECT OF CULINARY RECIPES TRANSLATION
Authors: Romanyuk Marina Yu. , Burangulova Albina R.
Published: February 2022

The article deals with linguoculturological aspect of culinary recipes translation. This paper deals with cultural key elements of translation from English into Russian. The article is especially focused on the problems translators could come across, special attention is paid to specific examples associating with these problems.
Excessive body weight as a factor determining the quality of life of young adults
Authors: Redziak Kamil
Published: February 2022

Wprowadzenie: Otyłość w ostatnich kilku dziesięcioleci przybrała rozmiar globalnej epidemii. Pomimo prowadzenia szeregu działań zaradczych w dalszym ciągu nie udało się odwrócić, a nawet zahamować trendu jej narastania. Otyłość to choroba, która przyczynia się do obniżania jakości życia. Szczególnie niepokoi fakt, że coraz częściej występuje u młodych osób.

Cel pracy: Celem pracy było porównanie jakości życia młodych dorosłych w grupie osób z  otyłością oraz w grupie osób z masą ciała w zakresie normy.

Materiał i metodyka: Badanie zostało przeprowadzone wśród 105 uczniów ze szkół średnich pochodzących z terenów wiejskich. Zastosowano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego z użyciem kwestionariusza ankiety własnej konstrukcji zawierającego pytania o dane socjo-demograficzne oraz skróconej wersji ankiety oceniającej jakość życia – The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL).

Wyniki: Ponad połowa osób (60%) w badanej grupie miała masę ciała w zakresie normy, nadwaga wystąpiła u 11,43% badanych, otyłość u 20%, a niedowaga u 8,57% respondowanych. We wszystkich dziedzinach zawartych w kwestionariuszu WHOQoL w  badanej grupie stwierdzono istotne różnice pomiędzy grupa osób z otyłością, a osobami z  masa ciała w normie oraz z niedowagą i nadwagą.

Wnioski: Masa ciała istotnie różnicuje jakość życia badanych uczniów. Średnie wyniki we wszystkich domenach, tj. dziedzinie fizycznej, psychologicznej, relacji społecznych i  środowiska  różniły się istotnie w zależności od poziomu BMI.
Reimaging the Future of Work: Intergenerational Dialogues on Youth’s Aspirations and Dreams Beyond Covid-19
Authors: Sharpe Adam , Corpus Jose Enrique
Published: February 2022

This article unpacks the experience of using an Appreciative Inquiry approach to gain an understanding of priorities and challenges related to youth economic empowerment in the ‘new normal’ impacted by coronavirus, and to establish a diverse network willing to work together to create change. Organized jointly by the Asian Development Bank through its youth initiative, Youth for Asia, the Asian Development Bank Institute and Plan International, young people aged 18–29 from across Asia and the Pacific took part in a six-week process during the Asia Pacific Youth Symposium in August and September 2020.
Appreciative Inquiry’s Einstein Expansion: AI’s Ever-Widening Circle of Compassion and Positivity Resonance
Authors: Warren Cheryl A.(Cheri) , Cooperrider David L.
Published: February 2022

In this article, the authors articulate a new definition of organization “development” and propose that Appreciative Inquiry can have a directional arrow triggering what we will call the ‘Einstein expansion’ that widens our circle of compassion. Using the remarkable case from National Grid, we detail how an organization can move from inward AI to outward AI to a more upward AI, scaling its impact as a positive institution for world betterment.
From Guyana to Wisconsin: Seeding Positive Institutions Through Inclusive Leadership
Authors: Hetzel Silbert Jennie
Published: February 2022

This article journeys one leader’s trust in the wisdom of many to cultivate positive institutions across continents, for post-pandemic US economic recovery and for nation-building in a South American country whose elections were battered by ethnic violence.
Centennials: The being search in a digital universe.
Authors: Sánchez-Riaño Vladimir , Arango Lozano Carlos A. , Sojo-Gómez Jairo Roberto
Published: February 2022

Este artículo presenta un análisis de los hallazgos más relevantes encontrados en una investigación desarrollada sobre la generación Z o Centennials por un grupo de investigadores de la Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano. El artículo desarrolla una visión sobre esta generación de jóvenes en cuanto a la construcción y representación de su ser en el universo digital, sus etapas y el papel del dinero. Por lo anterior, se hace un examen de los principales hallazgos en torno a los Centennials como la primera generación nativa digital, caracterizada por la habilidad en el rápido acceso a cualquier tipo de información así como por su pensamiento innovador y de emprendimiento. Todo ello soportado en las plataformas digitales que les ofrece un espectro de posibilidades para crear y dar forma a la construcción de su ser y a su representación social. Se destacan tres aspectos de esta generación. Primero, se autoconstruyen simbólicamente a partir de relaciones en la sociedad red; segundo, su relación con el dinero y lo material es instrumental y secundaria. Tercero, su conexión con el mundo material está asociada con la familia, las experiencias publicables en las redes y la adquisición y uso de productos que sean tendencia.
John Bagnel Bury (1861-1927), Algunas páginas sobre Vico en 'La Idea de Progreso' (1920). Ed., Trad. y Nota de J.M. Sevilla.
Authors: Sevilla Fernández José Manuel
Published: February 2022

según expone John b. bury en el apdo. 4 del cap. xIV de La Idea de Progreso (1920), pese a que Vico no propusiera ninguna teoría del progreso, su especulación «contenía principios los cuales parecían predestinados a formar la base de tal doctrina». la explicación de las edades conforme al desarrollo del espíritu humano asemejaría dicha especulación de Vico a la del idealismo alemán; y la teoría cíclica del movimiento histórico ––teoría de ciclos históricos y no doctrina de repetición circular––, concebida dicha dinámica como un «movimiento en espiral», sería una doctrina fácilmente adaptable a la teoría del Progreso. la traducción española constituye un homenaje por el centenario de la publicación de The Idea of Progress. PalabRas ClaVe: G. Vico, J.b. bury, J.m. sevilla, La Idea de Progreso, Filosofía de la Historia, idealismo alemán, Jouffroy-Cousin-Guizot
Jules Michelet (1798-1874), 'Introducción sobre su vida y sus obras' y 'Discurso sobre el sistema y la vida de Vico' (1835). Ed. y Trad. de Enmanuel Chamorro Sánchez y de Miguel A. Pastor Pérez. Nota por J.M. Sevilla.
Authors: Sevilla Fernández José Manuel
Published: February 2022

Traducción en español de la Introducción sobre la vida y las obras de Vico en Obras escogidas de Vico (1835), de Jules Michelet; y traducción al español del famoso «discurso sobre el sistema y sobre la vida de Vico», del historiador francés. Michelet está reconocido como el gran difusor de Vico en Francia, y promotor de la identificación entre la Ciencia nueva y la Filosofía de la historia
O tédio incompreensível de Julien Sorel, ou sobre a atualidade do realismo
Authors: Tinti Tauan Fernandes
Published: February 2022

O presente ensaio busca entender e extrair algumas implicações de uma escolha algo enigmática feita por Auerbach no capítulo de Mimesis dedicado aos realistas franceses: para discutir o papel fundamental de Stendhal na consolidação do que chama de “estilo médio” ou representação “séria”, Auerbach seleciona uma cena de importância secundária em O vermelho e o negro, com o tédio nela professado por Julien Sorel sendo caracterizado pelo crítico como “quase completamente incompreensível sem o conhecimento mais exato e detalhado da situação política, da estratificação social e das condições econômicas de um momento histórico muito definido, a saber, a França pouco antes da revolução de Julho” (AUERBACH, 2002, p. 406). É justamente sobre essa suposta incompreensibilidade que este ensaio se debruça: primeiro, ao apresentar um sentido genérico para a cena que independe do conhecimento tido como pré-requisito por Auerbach, calcado principalmente no estudo de Franco Moretti sobre o romance de formação; na sequência, amparado por um ensaio recente de Jacques Rancière sobre Auerbach, que também se detém sobre as razões para essa curiosa escolha de Auerbach; por fim, com base na concepção do realismo desenvolvida por Fredric Jameson em The Antinomies of Realism, o ensaio busca sugerir uma ideia do realismo que se pretende relevante para o presente, e que passa ao largo da retórica do “realismo formal” de Ian Watt.
ENTRE BRINCADEIRAS, PERFÍDIA E SUFOCAMENTO: INFÂNCIAS NEGRAS NA (PÓS-)COLONIALIDADE EM NARRATIVAS DO CARIBE FRANCÓFONO E DO BRASIL
Authors: Massoni da Rocha Vanessa
Published: February 2022

Este artigo se propõe a estudar os retratos romanescos da infância em quatro obras afrodiaspóricas das Américas e, para tal, promove interfaces entre duas narrativas do Caribe de expressão francesa e duas obras brasileiras. No intuito de cartografar a infância de crianças negras, ao longo do período colonial, contempla-se os romances La mulâtresse Solitude (1972), de André Schwarz-Bart, e Água de barrela (2016), da carioca Eliana Alvez Cruz, que expõem a condição de “brinquedo humano” (CRUZ, 2018, p. 87). Rebaixadas ao mais vil dos lugares, as crianças-brinquedos ilustram a “coisificação” (CÉSAIRE, 2020, p. 24) ou a “animalização” (KILOMBA, 2019, p. 79), estados nos quais ocorrem a destituição da humanidade dos pequenos. Centrados na pós-colonização, os livros Un cœur à rire et à pleurer – contes vrais de mon enfance (1999), da guadalupense Maryse Condé, e Ponciá Vicêncio (2006), da mineira Conceição Evaristo, denunciam que “as antigas práticas coloniais deixaram resquícios” (ALMEIDA, 2019, p. 125) que continuam a operar na contemporaneidade, cindindo de maneira profunda as relações, a engrenagem social e a história da humanidade.
FIGURAÇÃO DA CRIANÇA REFUGIADA NA LITERATURA INFANTIL E CONCEPÇÕES DE INFÂNCIA: DOIS MENINOS DE KAKUMA
Authors: Menna Lígia Regina Máximo Cavalari
Published: February 2022

A fome, a miséria, a guerra, perseguições e violações dos direitos humanos, enfim, questões políticas e sociais de toda ordem, têm obrigado milhares de pessoas a abandonar suas casas, famílias e pátria em busca de refúgio, esperançosas de retornar um dia, ou reconstruir suas vidas em terras distantes, ou simplesmente viver. Segundo a Acnur, (Agência da ONU para Refugiados), em 2020, o número de refugiados no mundo ultrapassou 80 milhões, sendo que apenas 30% são considerados formalmente como tais, considerando que mais de 4% ainda não encontraram refúgio, além dos incontáveis mortos durante frustradas tentativas de fuga. Na história, na mitologia e nas artes em geral, antigo é o tema da migração forçada , dos refugiados, pessoas exiladas, perseguidas, vivendo na diáspora, dentre elas muitas crianças, compondo o retrato perverso e atual de uma sociedade doente e em constante ebulição. A literatura está repleta de exemplos em que crianças protagonizam tão dura realidade. Pensando na literatura infantil, nossa área de estudos, levantamos alguns questionamentos:  Como são figuradas as crianças refugiadas na literatura infantil? Que concepções de infância podemos depreender de narrativas que abordam temas tão sensíveis, histórias de sofrimento, abandono e resiliência? Com o objetivo de refletir sobre tais questões, propomos a análise da obra Dois meninos de Kakuma, de Marie Ange Bordas. Destacamos que a infância é uma construção social, condicionada a questões culturais, filosóficas, econômicas e por muitas vezes religiosas, assim, a partir de uma perspectiva social e histórica, podemos dizer que não existe somente uma infância, mas várias. Como aporte teórico, utilizaremos Marisa Lajolo, Regina Zilberman, Philippe Ariès, Collin Heywood, Carlos Reis e Walter Benjamin.
Detection of Rice Plant Disease Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Babu S. , Maravarman M. , Pitchai R.
Published: February 2022

Deep learning has recently grown a lot of interest as a way to create a fast, efficient, and reliable image identification and categorization system. India, being one of the world’s most important rice producers and consumers, relies heavily on rice to propel its economy and provide its food needs. In the crop protective device, early and precise diagnosis of plant diseases is critical. Traditionally, identification was done either through visual inspection or laboratory testing. It is critical to identify any disease early and perform the necessary treatment to the damaged plants in order to guarantee the rice plants’ healthy and proper growth. Because disease detection by hand takes a long time and requires a lot of effort, having an automated system is unavoidable. A rice plant disease identification method depends on deep learning methodologies are presented in this research. Leaf smut, bacterial leaf blight, sheat blight, and brown spot diseases are four of the most frequent rice plant diseases identified in this study. The rice plant disease is identified and recognized using deep learning algorithms. This method of early detection of rice diseases could be utilized as a preventative tool as well as an early detection. The proposed approach provides enhanced accuracy of 99.45% and it is compared with the existing state-of-the-art approaches.
Prediction of Brinjal Plant Disease Using Support Vector Machine and Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Venkataramana Attada , Kumar K. Suresh , Suganthi N. , Rajeswari R.
Published: February 2022

Plant pathogens prediction is the prerequisite for timely and productive control of plant pathogens within complicated environments. However, the white mold is a complicated disease in a brinjal plant. Hence, to vanquish these difficulties a novel Deep Learning Integration (DLI) Techniques has been proposed. In Proposed system, classification is carried out by Support Vector Machine (SVM) and prediction is carried out by Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Algorithm to predict the plant illness in Brinjal with high accuracy of 99.4%.
Crop Recommendation and Yield Estimation Using Machine Learning
Authors: Ashwitha A. , Latha C. A.
Published: February 2022

In most developing countries like India, Agriculture is seen as one of the most widely followed habitations and contributes majorly to the country’s economy. Agriculture provides the primary source of food, income, livelihood and employment to the majority of rural populations in India. Many crops are destroyed every year due to a lack of technical knowledge and unpredictable weather patterns such as temperature, rainfall, and other atmospheric parameters, which play a massive role in deciding the crop yield and profit. Therefore, choosing the right crop to grow and enhancing crop yield is an essential aspect of improving real-life farming scenarios. One of the motives is to collect and integrate the agricultural data from specific regions that may be used to analyse the optimal crop and estimate the crop yield. This script is novel by using simple crop, soil and weather parameters like crop, the area under cultivation, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the soil, season, average rainfall and temperature of a district in Karnataka, India. The user can predict the most suitable crop and its estimated yield for a chosen year. This model uses primary classification, techniques like the random forest, k-NN, logistic regression, decision tree, XGBoost, SVM and gradient boosting classifier for determining the most suitable crop and regression algorithms like Linear Regression, k-NN, DBSCAN, Random Forest and ANN algorithm to estimate the yield of the most optimal crop identified earlier. The algorithm that has the least mean error is chosen for prediction and estimation and thus gives better results than the particular machine learning algorithm domain. There is a web interface for ease of use for end-users. Therefore, this project assists the farmers in choosing the suitable crop that can be grown in a particular region during a specific season or specific period and estimate its yield and predict if the recommended crop is profitable. Hence this project helps the farmers in preserving their time by assisting them in the decision-making process.
Short communication: Diversity of bird species in Air Telang Protected Forest, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: EDDY SYAIFUL , MUTIARA DIAN , MEDISWATI ROSWITHA YEMIMA TIUR , RAHMAN RAMA GIVATI , MILANTARA NORIL , BASYUNI MOHAMMAD
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Eddy S, Mutiara D, Mediswati RYT, Rahman RG, Milantara N, Basyuni M. 2021. Short communication: Diversity of bird species in Air Telang Protected Forest, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5274-5279. Birds belong to the mangrove forest ecosystem, which is important biodiversity for life and must be maintained. This study aimed to examine the diversity of bird species in Air Telang Protected Forest (ATPF) which has experienced massive degradation. Birds' observation was carried out using the purposive sampling method by exploring predetermined areas with binoculars and cameras and direct observation. Birds were identified by analyzing their morphology, sound, and color. The research data obtained a total of 38 bird species that consist of 13 orders and 22 families. In addition, the results of this study obtained nine species of migratory birds and two species with near threatened (NT) status based on the IUCN Red List Category. This study is the first bird species inventory and identification research conducted in ATPF.
Molecular characteristic on intra-species of Metroxylon sagu from Papua, Indonesia by nad2 and matK genes
Authors: Abbas Barahima , MAWIKERE NOUKE LENDA , TJOLLI IHWAN , MUNARTI MUNARTI , ARSYAD MUHAMMAD
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Abbas B, Mawikere NL, Tjolli I, Arsyad M, Munarti. 2021. Molecular characteristic on intra-species of Metroxylon sagu from Papua, Indonesia by nad2 and matK genes. Biodiversitas 22: 5302-5310. Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) is a palm that is capable accumulated a lot of starch for food in the trunk. The molecular characterization of sago palm is very important as identities of biological existence in the certain areas. This study aimed to reveal molecular characteristic on intra-species of M. sagu from Papua based on NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (nad2) gene and maturase K (matK) gene. 15 accessions were used in this study. Sequences of nad2 gene on some accessions of M. sagu were shown that no differences. The nad2 gene on some accessions of M. sagu was inferred only one haplotype and the matK gene were inferred two haplotypes. The highest frequencies of the nucleotide in both nad2 and matK gene were calculated thymine (T). The amino acid leucine was the most common, accounting for 11.44% of haplotype-1 and 11.50% of haplotype-2. The amino acids alanine, cysteine, and methionine have the lowest rates, with 1.99% for haplotype-1 and 2.00% for haplotype-2. The evolutionary relationships were shown no mutation rates occur in the nad2 gene and lower mutation rates occur in the matK gene on M. sagu. Based on the genotype-2 (Sagu01, Sagu02, Sagu08, Sagu12, and Sagu15) is proposed to be new variety.
Chemical composition, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of Taxus baccata essential oil from Algeria
Authors: Benlembarek Khaoula , Lograd Takia , Ramdani Messaoud , Figueredo Gilles , Chalard Pierre
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Benlembarek K, Lograda T, Ramdani M, Figueredo G, Chalard P. 2021. Chemical composition, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of Taxus baccata essential oil from Algeria. Biodiversitas 22: 5475-5483. This work aims to study the chemical composition, the antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of Taxus baccata essential oil of Algeria. The essential oil was obtained by hydro distillation; its chemical composition was determined by GC and GC-MS analysis. The antibacterial and antifungal activities are evaluated by the disk diffusion method against three-gram negative bacteria, four-gram positive bacteria and four phytopathogenic fungi. The evaluation of antioxidant activity is carried out by the DPPH scavenging method. Twenty-seven compounds have been identified in the essential oil, where the major product was undecanone-2, followed by nonanone-2, tridecanone-2, decanone-2 and the methyl dehydroabietic. The T. baccata essential oil showed moderate antibacterial and antifungal activities against the strains tested, with the exception of E. faecalis, MRSA and Fusarium graminum, which have shown significant resistance. T. baccata essential oil has a moderate antioxidant activity.
Production and characterization of biosurfactant produced by Lactobacillus lactis grown in media containing Crude Palm Oil (CPO)
Authors: SURYANTI VENTY , MASYKUR ABU , SETYONO HILDA ALFIYANI , RAMADANI SANTI
Published: February 2022

Biosurfactants are surface-active compounds produced by a wide variety of diverse microorganisms. The structural diversity of biosurfactants depends on microorganisms and growth conditions (such as substrate and pH). The unique structure of biosurfactants provides unique properties for specific applications. Biosurfactant production still needs to be explored using a variety of microorganisms and growth conditions for producing the diversity of biosurfactant structures. Production and characterization of biosurfactant by Lactobacillus lactis using Crude Palm Oil (CPO) as an additional carbon source has been conducted. The optimization condition of biosurfactant production by L. lactis using media containing various concentrations of CPO was evaluated. Optical density, surface tension, and emulsification index were observed daily for 12 days. Optimal biosurfactant production condition was achieved when L. lactis was grown on media Nutrient Broth containing 10% (v/v) of CPO and incubated for 8 days. Biosurfactants were obtained for 80 mg/L media. Based on Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) Spectroscopy, produced biosurfactant was identified as a glycolipid biosurfactant containing functional groups of hydroxyl, ester, carboxylic, methyl, and methylene. Produced biosurfactants exhibited the Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) value of 1 g/L with a surface tension value of 49.46 mN/m. The emulsion system of produced biosurfactant was water in oil (w/o). The produced biosurfactant showed an emulsification index of 41-71% with soybean oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, and lubricant oil. The stable emulsion was reached up to 30 days when soybean oil, olive oil, and lubricant oil were used as the water-immiscible compound.
Forest covers, land fire hotspots, and atmospheric pollutions (CO, SO2) in the lower Batanghari River Basin landscape during dry season (June-August 2021)
Authors: WIBOWO ANDRIO A. , BASUKRIADI ADI , NURDIN ERWIN
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Wibowo AA, Basukriadi A, Nurdin E. 2021. Forest covers, land fire hotspots, and atmospheric pollutions (CO, SO2) in the lower Batanghari River Basin landscape during dry season (June-August 2021). Biodiversitas 22: 5678-5687. Land fire is a major threat to the intact forest in Indonesia, including the rainforests of Sumatra. Land fires are caused by several factors, ranging from deforestation, slash and burn to farm, and also weather where land fires occur during dry seasons. Land fires that occur in forests can release significant amounts of atmospheric pollution in the form of CO and SO2 emissions. Since there is a paucity of information about land fire hotspot distribution and atmospheric pollution in Sumatra’s forest, this study aims to assess the distribution and impacts of land fires within the lower Batanghari forest landscape on atmospheric pollution during the dry season from June to August 2021. The study was conducted in 15 sampling locations covering three districts in the lower Batanghari landscape. The method uses a coupled ground-based and remote sensing measurement. For ground-based measurement, the CO and SO2 emissions were determined based on in-situ observation of burned biomass in the field and calculation using Seiler and Crutzen equation. While the land fire hotspots were detected using combinations of VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) and MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) remote sensing sensors. The result shows that 65.85% of the land fires that happened in the lower Batanghari landscape occurred within forests. In West Tanjung Jabung District, 70.37% of land fires were observed within forests, in East Tanjung Jabung was 60% and 55.55% for Muaro Jambi District. The weekly land fires, CO, and SO2 emissions were high in June as the onset of dry season. In West Tanjung Jabung, this district has the highest weekly land fires, CO, and SO2 emissions. The ranges of CO and SO2 emissions when land fires occur were 200-350 ppbv and 1.5-2.75 ug/m3. The Principal Component Analysis confirms that the frequency of land fires was positively correlated with CO rather than SO2 emissions. This concludes the magnitude of land fires in forests that have the potential to release significant atmospheric pollutants.
Habitat preferences of wild orchids in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park to model their suitable habitat in South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: MARTHA DELLA RAHAYU EKA , YUSRI SAFRAN
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Rahayu EMD, Yusri S. 2021. Habitat preferences of wild orchids in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park to model their suitable habitat in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 43-54. Wild orchids are mainly threatened by habitat degradation and over-exploitation. Orchid conservation requires information regarding its distribution and suitable habitat, and factors affecting it. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and habitat preferences of orchids in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia, and to predict the habitat suitability map of orchids in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The survey was conducted in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park to collect data on orchid occurrences along with microhabitat characteristics (altitude, light, temperature, substrate thickness, and vertical distribution). ERGo Datasets Landforms and Physiography, SRTM elevation, NDVI derived from LANDSAT 8 OLI were used in Google Earth Engine to obtain macrohabitat data. Microhabitat preference of environmental data was averaged for each variable and further explored with Canonical Correlation Analysis. Suitable habitat was modeled with Maxent using occurrences and environmental data. The survey found 26 epiphytic orchid species and 22 phorophyte species. Orchids were found at an altitude from 514 m to 933 m above sea level. Altitude is the most discriminant factor in determining orchids’ distribution in the study area. The Maxent analysis showed that the suitable habitat of orchids comprises of 3,554.952 km2 area which is mainly located in lowland rainforest with high topographic diversity, preferably warm slope, and ridges. Since lower slope and lowland areas are not protected, community-based conservation such as social forestry can become one of the alternative solutions for in situ conservation of orchids. For ex-situ conservation, integrated orchid conservation in botanic gardens should be prioritized.
Monthly forage value of various plant organs of Brocchia cinerea (Vis.) from a Moroccan arid region
Authors: CHLIF NISRINE , DIOURI MOHAMMED , EL OMARI MOHAMMED , BENTAYEB AMAR
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Chlif N, Diouri M, El Omari M, Bentayeb A. 2021. Monthly forage value of various plant organs of Brocchia cinerea (Vis.) from a Moroccan arid region. Biodiversitas 23: 67-74. Brocchia cinerea Vis (Asteraceae) represents a xerophytic botanical species widely used in South-Eastern Morocco as a potential animal feed. The present study was aimed to investigate the chemical profile, as well as the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and to estimate the net energy for lactation (NEl) of some fractions (flowers, leaves, stems, and browsable aerial part (whole part a 10 cm above the ground) of B. cinerea. The ether extract (EE) content of some plant parts varied between 0.43 and 1.89%. As far as, the highest concentration of crude protein (CP) was found in leaves. The maximal values for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were found in the mature stems with 58.63%, 44.87%, and 13.05%, respectively. The leaves were the richest fraction in essential oil (EO), total phenols (TP), and tannins. Furthermore, the IVDMD values of various fractions of plants ranged between 59.56 to 89.43 %. The assessed NEl was highest during cold months in some fractions of young plants and decreased with maturity. In conclusion, B. cinerea has a good nutritive value, especially in leaves and early stages.
Grasshopper diversity in several agricultural areas and savannas in Dompu, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia
Authors: Leksono Amin Setyo , Yanuwiadi Bagyo , Khotimah Ainul , Zairina Anisa
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Leksono AS, Yanuwiadi B, Khotimah A, Zairina A. 2021. Grasshopper diversity in several agricultural areas and savannas in Dompu, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 75-80. In Sumbawa Island, the conversion of forests and savannahs into agricultural land has increased rapidly since 2010. This research aims to compare grasshopper species' abundance, richness, and diversity between several farmland and savannas in Dompu, Sumbawa Island. It was conducted at ten locations in Dompu, Sumbawa Island, and included an ecotone, two post-harvested rice farms, two post-harvested corn farms, a mixed farm, a vegetable farm, and three savannas. Furthermore, samples were taken four times from four plots at each location in the post-harvest period from August to September 2021. Grasshopper sampling was carried out using the sweeping method with an insect net with each plot size of 2 x 10 m2. A total of 2264 individual grasshoppers belonging to 30 species and four families were collected from all research sites. The dominant species were Alloteratura sp., Trilophidia annulata, Atractomorpha crenulata, Phlaeoba fumosa, Oxya japonica and, Phlaeoba infumata. The greatest grasshopper species richness and diversity were found in post-harvest rice farms, while the lowest was in the vegetable farm, and most of these species are considered pests. This research shows that the composition of grasshoppers on agricultural land is very similar to that of the adjacent savannah. Hence, monitoring and controlling their presence is necessary by paying attention to savannas as refuge land.
Is anyone ready for a party?
Authors: Jones Alice
Published: February 2022

Our political editor looks forward to the upcoming party conference season.
Judgement, trust, consensus and the new multiple consultant report
Authors: Bussey M
Published: February 2022

Outlining a new approach to assess medical training.
The International Surgical Training Programme
Authors: Lescisinova Zuzana
Published: February 2022

An interview of ISTP participants and the wider team about the impact of the programme.
Lost faculty: a quantitative study exploring why Advanced Trauma Life Support instructors stop teaching
Authors: Beale H , Gizzi A , Webster K , Forty J , Slater GJR
Published: February 2022

The intrinsic and extrinsic motivators contributing to teaching satisfaction.
Things that go bump in the night: the cabinet reshuffle
Authors: Jones Alice
Published: February 2022

Our political editor looks at the cabinet reshuffle and what this means for surgery.
Treasures from the Collections: 10,000 biographies published: Plarr's Lives of the Fellows milestone
Authors: Gillam Sarah
Published: February 2022

The Plarr's of the Fellows website adds its 10,000th member to its records.
COVID-19: Training disruption and opportunities experienced by UK paediatric dentistry trainees
Authors: Heggie Claudia , Humphreys Judi , Gartshore Laura , Albadri Sondos
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the delivery of routine dental services in the UK. Reduced face-to-face clinical activity has resulted in reduced availability of tertiary specialist services. The impact of the pandemic on medical trainees has been explored but there is limited literature regarding dental trainees.

METHODS

A blended questionnaire was designed, pre-piloted and administered as an online anonymous survey. Following pre-notification, this was administered to paediatric dentistry trainees for a three-week period. Quantitative data underwent descriptive statistics and qualitative data were subject to thematic analysis.

RESULTS

The response rate was 63% (n=35). Two respondents were out of programme. Outpatient clinics and treatment with local anaesthesia were the most disrupted aspects of training. Academic training was less disrupted than clinical training. Thematic analysis found three key themes: personality and personal circumstance, colleagues and workplace, and changes to clinical and academic activity. Trainees perceptions ranged from optimistic to pessimistic, with many trainees identifying opportunities they had gained while others perceived none.

CONCLUSIONS

This survey shows variation in training disruption and opportunity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings support anecdotal evidence and results emerging from trainees in medicine. Further surveys should be administered as the pandemic progresses and these should include other dental specialties.
Book review: Dental Trauma: A Practical Guide to Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Eder Andrew
Published: February 2022

Andrew Eder reviews Dental Trauma: A Practical Guide to Diagnosis and Management (2021).
Visible light waveband Dammann grating based on all-dielectric metasurface
Authors: Zheng Xiaoran , Yang Jiaqi , Wang Runqiu , Lan Tian
Published: February 2022

Dammann gratings (DGs) can generate a spot array in a particular arrangement. In recent years, DGs have been used in many fields such as laser beam splitting and optical coupling. Nanograting encoding technology can achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio and high-efficiency diffraction distribution; it also provides new design ideas for realizing the miniaturization and deviceization of DGs. In this work, we have comprehensively studied the DG based on an all-dielectric metasurface, which can produce a

5

×

5

diffraction spot array with a diffraction angle of

20
∘

×

20
∘

. In an operation waveband from 650 to 690 nm, the DG has superior performance with high efficiency

≥

60
%

; meanwhile, it achieves a relative low contrast ratio

≤

0.33

. Owing to high efficiency, wide waveband performance, and polarization insensitive property, the all-dielectric metasurface DG can provide possibilities for various application, including laser technology and optical information processing.
Optical fiber shape sensing of polyimide skin for a flexible morphing wing: retraction
Authors: Sun Guangkai , Li Hong , Dong Mingli , Lou Xiaoping , Zhu Lianqing
Published: February 2022

The referenced article [Appl. Opt. 56, 9325
(2017)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.56.009325] has been retracted by
the authors.
Educação ambiental
Authors: Rosas Porto Patrícia , Melo da Paixão Sampaio Tereza Verena , Tanajura Machado Celia
Published: February 2022

Este artigo visa analisar as repercussões da crise da pandemia da Covid-19 e das políticas conservadoras sobre as políticas da Educação Ambiental atualmente. As argumentações críticas versam, portanto, sobre a crise da pandemia da Covid-19, a crise socioambiental e o movimento de políticas públicas conservadoras voltadas para a Educação Ambiental. A atuação do Grupo de Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental, Políticas Públicas e Gestão Social dos Territórios (Gepet) na defesa da Educação Ambiental e a ênfase nos interesses do Estado, frente às políticas de Educação Ambiental, são os referenciais orientadores da investigação. O estudo utilizou-se da Análise de Conteúdo, baseada em leitura de Bardin (2016), para a compreensão das categorias investigadas. Demais interlocuções foram estabelecidas com Pinto (1979), Lima (2004), Sorrentino (2005), Layrargues (2012), Loureiro (2012), Saito (2012), Velasco (2012),Mutim (2018), entre outros. Concluiu-se que são importantes a reflexão e a ação sobre os caminhos percorridos pelas políticas públicas e a educação no campo socioambiental, durante a pandemia, para a organização e o planejamento do pós-pandemia, com vistas à resolução dos conflitos socioambientais contemporâneos.
pesquisa em educação ambiental no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Gallo Silvio
Published: February 2022

Este texto, originariamente preparado como trabalho encomendado do GT Educação Ambiental para a 38ª reunião anual da ANPEd (2017) propõe-se a apresentar um olhar estrangeiro para as pesquisas realizadas nesta área no Brasil, pelos grupos de pesquisa que compõem o GT. Em torno deste conjunto de pesquisas, interroga-se sobre a constituição de um campo disciplinar pela educação ambiental no Brasil nas últimas décadas, bem como procura analisar estas pesquisas no âmbito de uma “governamentalidade democrática”, que estaria dando o tom da produção biopolítica de políticas públicas em educação no Brasil nas últimas décadas. Conclui lançando ao GT o desafio de realizar uma pesquisa anarqueológica sobre o campo. Os conceitos utilizados são derivados do pensamento de Michel Foucault.
Sustentabilidade no Cotidiano
Authors: Costa da Conceição Nayara Elisa , Vicentini de Sampaio Shaula Maíra
Published: February 2022

Este artigo tem como objeto de estudo as imagens de sustentabilidade que nos acessam no cotidiano, buscando investigar o que essas imagens disparam e narram sobre sustentabilidade e os sentidos que isso produz nos sujeitos; uma pesquisa com perspectivas pós- estruturalistas entrelaçada pelos estudos culturais e a educação ambiental. Realizamos oficinas com alunos de graduação da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) com o intuito, a partir de algumas atividades propostas, obter imagens (e histórias) de sustentabilidade do cotidiano de cada aluno participante. Neste movimento, a análise desse trabalho nos possibilitou criar entre imagens e narrativas, uma sustentabilidade envolta pelas práticas culturais que se dá de uma forma mais próxima de nós, com mais afeto, mais porosa, permeável e cotidiana.
Komparace kvality tzv. teacher made testů s didaktickými testy a jejich vliv na úspěšnost žáků: případová studie
Authors: Říčan Jaroslav , Škoda Jiří , Hermanová Viktorie , Lanková Barbora
Published: February 2022

Příspěvek se zaobírá komparací didaktických testů a tzv. „teacher made testů. Hlavním cílem této případové studie je explorace diskrepancí ve skórování žáků na základě toho, je-li test stejného učiva tvořen pedagožkou nebo badatelem. Z toho důvodu autoři zjišťují: (1) kvalitu teacher made testů a didaktických testů vytvořených badateli ve vztahu k zákonitostem tvorby didaktických testů a (2) existenci spojitosti mezi výsledky žáků v rámci jejich procentuálního skórování v teacher made testech a didaktických testech. Za účelem naplnění cílů bylo sestaveno badateli 5 didaktických testů z témat, která žáci probírali ve čtvrtém ročníku 1. stupně ZŠ v předmětech vlastivěda a přírodověda, a byly komparovány s 5 teacher made testy vyhotovených pedagožkou. Studie poukazuje na nedostatečné kvalitativní aspekty teacher made testů (reliabilita,poměr subjektivně a objektivně skórovatelných úloh, poměr úloh vyžadujících nižší a vyšší kognitivní operace, způsob skórování). Přestože korelační analýza odhalila středně vysokou spojitost mezi procentuálním skóre žáků v teacher made testecha didaktických testech, očekávali bychom spíše spojitost blížící se absolutní hodnotě. Výsledky jsou diskutovány ve vztahu k současnému paradigmatu tvorby didaktických testů, dále je poukázáno na limity studie a zároveň jsou naznačeny potenciální cesty dalšího empirického směřování.
ETO
Authors: Fang Jingzhi , Shen Yanyan , Wang Yue , Chen Lei
Published: February 2022

Recently, deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved great success in various applications, where low inference latency is important. Existing solutions either manually tune the kernel library or utilize search-based compilation to reduce the operator latency. However, manual tuning requires significant engineering effort, and the huge search space makes the search cost of the search-based compilation unaffordable in some situations. In this work, we propose ETO, a framework for speeding up DNN operator optimization based on reusing the information of performant tensor programs. Specifically, ETO defines conditions for the information reuse between two operators. For operators satisfying the conditions, based on the performant tensor program information of one operator, ETO uses a reuse-based tuner to significantly prune the search space of the other one, and keeps optimization effectiveness at the same time. In this way, for a set of operators, ETO first determines the information reuse relationships among them to reduce the total search time needed, and then tunes the operators either by the backend compiler or by the reuse-based tuner accordingly. ETO further increases the reuse opportunities among the operators by injecting extra operators as bridges between two operators which do not satisfy the reuse conditions. Compared with various existing methods, the experiments show that ETO is effective and efficient in optimizing DNN operators.