bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Foetal Weight by Ultrasonography and Neonate at Birth
Authors: Sweety Kamrun Nahar , Haque Nasreen , Chowdhury Nowshafreen , Begum Razia , Khan Laila Nazneen , Sultana Rumana , Shewly Naznin Rashid
Published: October 2023

Background: Ultrasonography intervention in delivery is highly sensitive and primary important for further tests of foetal well-being.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the correlation of estimated foetal weight with neonatal birth weight.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study on patients at the Labour Ward of Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospiptal, Dhaka, Bangladesh for six months. The women were selected who had normal pregnancy with early ultrasounographic examination for confirmation of gestational age, singleton live foetus, ultrasound examination for pregnancy profile done within 3 days before delivery. A sonographic foetal weight was estimated by using measurements of foetal body parts-biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference and femoral length. To measure the femur length, first a projection was made that shows a transverse section of one of the long bones, then scan at 900 to this to obtain a longitudinal section.
Results: A total number of 100 patients were recruited for this study. The mean (±SD) sonographically estimated foetal weight was 3074±534gm with ranged from 2100 to 4100 gm. The mean (±SD) neonatal birth weight was 2978±466 gm with ranged from 2500 to 3800 gm (p<0.05). Sonographically estimated foetal weight less than 3000 g were correlated with neonatal birth weight. Out of the 100 cases 57(57.0%) cases had less than 3000 g estimated foetal weight and 43(43.0%) cases had 3000 g or more than 3000gm estimated foetal weight Sonographically. Among the 57 cases, which were less than 3000 g by Sonographically, 41 cases were less than 3000 g and 16 cases were found 3000 g or more than 3000 g in neonatal birth weight.
Conclusion: Ultrasonography has definite value in the diagnosis of estimated foetal weight and can be regarded as a sensitive and specific imaging modality for pre-operative discrimination of the pregnant women.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2023;9(1):42-47
Carotid Artery Involvement in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Bhuiyan AKM Mohiuddin , Hasan KAM Mahbub , Saha Partha Pratim , Fathema Sayeda Sadia , Biplob Najmul Huda , Fazal Md Abul , Morshed Mahboob , Firdousi Tahmida
Published: October 2023

Background: Carotid artery disease would be high in patients having coronary artery disease with diabetes mellitus.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see frequency, pattern and severity of carotid artery disease among patients with IHD and diabetes mellitus.
Methodology: This case-control study was conducted in Department of Cardiology, UCC, BSMMU from July, 2007 to June 2009. Total 100 patients were included in this study. Of them 50 patients were coronary artery disease with diabetes mellitus and another 50 patients were coronary artery disease without diabetes mellitus. Both group were underwent coronary and carotid angiography. Coronary artery stenosis is assessed by different scoring system and carotid artery stenosis are categorized as mild (< 50% stenosis) moderate (50-69% stenosis) and critical (>_ 70% stenosis). Moderate and critical stenosis was considered as significant carotid artery disease. Morphological character of the lesion was also assessed.
Results: The mean age was found 57.48 years with 6.04 standard deviation (SD) in DM and 55.64 years with 6.34 standard deviation in NDM group and also 56.56 years with 6.49 standard deviation in the whole study population. the indications of CAG were Post MI evaluation, unstable angina, stable angina, chest pain evaluation and positive ETT were 42.0%, 20.0%, 18.0%, 10.0% and 10.0% in DM group and 32.0%, 28.0%, 20.0%, 8.0% and 12.0 in NDM group respectively. LAD was the commonest artery involved (86.0%), followed by RCA (82.0%), LCX (68.0%) and LM (6.0%) in DM study subjects. Among the NDM LAD artery involved (76.0%), followed by RCA (72.0%), LCX (64.0%) and LM (4.0%) in NDM study subjects.
Conclusion: In conclusion, patients of coronary artery disease with diabetic mellitus are having higher frequency and severity of Carotid artery disease than non-diabetic coronary artery disease patients.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2023;9(1):30-34
In Hospital Mortality and Short-Term Outcomes of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Contracting SARS CoV-2 Infection: Experience from a Dedicated Stroke Unit in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan ATM Hasibul , Das Subir Chandra , Islam Muhammad Sougatul , Mansur Mohaimen , Khan Nushrat , Chowdhury Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque
Published: October 2023

Background: The influence of COVID-19 on in hospital mortality and short-term outcome of acute ischemic stroke is not well known.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to analyze the overall impact of COVID-19 patients and 30-day outcomes of acute ischemic stroke patients.
Methodology: This was a hospital-based case-control study from February to May 2021 conducted in stroke unit of National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital. Consecutive ischemic stroke patients contracting COVID-19 infection was considered as case group and similar patients, negative for SARS CoV-2 on RT-PCR from nasal swab were considered for control group following the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: A total number of 50 cases and 99 similar control were taken. Although a significant proportion of control group were male (76.8% vs 50%), there was similar age distribution in both groups. Diabetes and Multiple comorbid conditions and lymphopenia were significantly (p value of <0.001) more common among the case (1% versus 22%, 28.3% versus 56% and 5.1% versus 54%) in contrast to hypertension and lymphocytosis which was more frequent in control group (42.4% versus 10% and 94.9% versus 46%). Though the cases had a significantly (p value <0.001) higher NIHSS score at admission (median IQR 7 versus 13) and longer hospital stay (median IQR 6 days versus 14 days). Male stroke patients were 4.7 times more likely to die in-hospital compared to female patients. The risk of mortality were 5 times higher among cases.
Conclusion: COVID positive stroke cases have more severe disease at admission and longer hospital stays and the risk of mortality is 5 times higher in COVID positive stroke cases with a significant male dominance.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2023;9(1):11-15
Studi analisis kelayakan ekonomi mesin perajang batang singkong (Rabakong) tipe TEP 2
Authors: Amien Elhamida Rezkia , Asmara Sandi , Kurnia Ferdita , Suharyatun Siti
Published: October 2023

Untuk mempermudah pemanfaatan limbah batang singkong, diperlukan mesin yang dapat merubah ukuran batang singkong menjadi lebih kecil. Perajang Batang Singkong (Rabakong) tipe TEP 2 merupakan mesin yang dapat menghasilkan rajangan batang singkong berbentuk serbuk halus. Tujuan pnelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan analisis kelayakan mesin Rabakong tipe TEP 2 yang dapat digunakan sebagai pertimbangan pemanfaatan bagi masyarakat luas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis data mulai dari biaya pembuatan mesin sampai biaya pengujian atau biaya operasi mesin Rabakong tipe TEP 2. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi analisis biaya mesin, analisis BEP, dan analisis kelayakan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ekonomi mesin Rabakong tipe TEP 2 menghasilkan pendapatan sebesar Rp. 26.258.447,45 dengan jumlah jam kerja 8 jam/hari. Sehingga mesin ini layak untuk digunakan dengan tujuan ekonomi tertentu.
To facilitate the utilization of cassava stem waste, a machine is needed that can reduce the size of the cassava stems to be smaller. Cassava stem chopper (Rabakong) type TEP 2 is a machine that can produce chopped cassava stems in the form of fine powder. The aim of this research is to obtain a feasibility analysis for the Rabakong type TEP 2 machine which can be used as a consideration for the utilization to the public. This research was conducted by analyzing data ranging from machine manufacturing costs to testing costs or operating costs for the TEP 2 Rabakong machine. The analysis carried out includes machine cost analysis, BEP analysis, and feasibility analysis. Based on the results of the economic analysis of the Rabakong type TEP 2 engine, it generates an income of Rp. 26,258,447.45 with the number of working hours 8 hours/day. So that this machine is suitable for use for certain economic purposes.
Analisis perubahan penggunaan lahan di Kecamatan Kedondong, Kabupaten Pesawaran dengan pemanfaatan citra landsat
Authors: Ramadhani Winih Sekaringtyas , Pratama Dicky Lian , Rahmat Ali , Istiawati Novia Fitri
Published: October 2023

Kecamatan Kedondong merupakan salah satu daerah yang berada di kabupaten Pesawaran yang memiliki luasan 67 km². Kecamatan Kedondong memiliki wilayah dengan sektor pertanian yang luas terdiri dari tanaman pangan dan hortikultura yang didonimasi oleh tanaman kakao. Selain itu, jumlah penduduk yang setiap tahun meningkat mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan penggunaan lahan. Perubahan ini dapat mempengaruhi jumlah kawasan hijau di Kabupaten Pesawaran. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukannya perhitungan perubahan lahan pada tahun 2002 hingga tahun 2020 dengan menggunakan citra landsat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan tutupan lahan pada tahun 2002 hingga 2020 pada Kecamatan Kedondong. Penelitian ini menggunakan landsat 7 dan 8 yang diolah dalam metode Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Setelah dilakukannya pengolahan data kemudian dilakukannya pengamatan lapang terhadap 30 titik sampel yang telah diacak pada peta tahun 2020. Hasil analisis NDVI pada tahun 2020 terdapat peningkatan vegetasi kerapatan rendah (9,1%) dan sedang (27,9%) dari tahun 2002  hingga tahun 2020. Dan terjadi penurunan lahan terbuka sebesar 14,3%. Hal tersebut dikarenakan tanaman kakao sudah tumbuh besar dan juga terdapat banyak penambahan tanaman pepaya dan ubi kayu disela-sela tanaman kakao. Sehingga pola tanam tumpang sari mampu meningkatkan tutupan lahan. Hasil pengamatan lapang dan data hasil olahan menunjukan tingkat keakuratan sebesar 95%.
Kedondong subdistrict is one of the Pasewaran district areas, which has an area of 67 km². Kedondong subdistrict has an area with a large agricultural sector consisting of food and horticultural crops, which the cocoa plant dominates. In addition, the population that increases every year results in changes in land use. This change can affect the number of green areas in the Pasewaran District. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate land changes from 2002 to 2020 years using Landsat imagery. This study aims to determine changes in land cover from 2002 to 2020 in the Kedondong subdistrict. This study used Landsat 7 and 8, processed by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method. After data processing was carried out, field observations 30 randomized sample points on the map in 2020. The NDVI analysis results in 2020 showed an increase in the density of vegetation is low (9.1%) and moderate (27.9%) from 2002 to 2020 years. Moreover, there was a decrease in open land by 14,3%. This is because the cocoa plants had grown, and there are also many additions to papaya and cassava plants between the cacao plants. So that the intercropping cropping pattern can increase land cover. Infield observation has an accuracy level of 95%.
Analisis timbulan dan komposisi sampah di Kawasan Pantai Goa Cemara, Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Aisha Rifka , Yuriandala Yebi , Purnama Hijrah
Published: October 2023

Pantai Goa Cemara merupakan daerah wisata dimana tingginya aktivitas penduduk maupun kegiatan wisatawan dapat berdampak pada peningkatan jumlah timbulan sampah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui timbulan dan komposisi sampah dari aktivitas pariwisata maupun penduduk sekitar pantai Goa Cemara. Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 19-3964-1994 yang telah dimodifikasi dengan waktu sampling dilakukan selama 3 minggu dengan pengambilan sampling 3-4 hari berurutan disetiap minggunya (jumat, sabtu, minggu dan senin). Jumlah timbulan sampah Pantai Goa Cemara per hari sebesar 7,03 m³. Sehingga didapatkan hasil timbulan sampah orang perhari sebesar 2,44 L/orang/hari atau 0,49 kg/orang/hari. Jenis sampah yang dihasilkan berupa tempurung kelapa (36%), sampah kayu (18%), sisa makanan (20%), plastik (8%), Styrofoam (13%), kertas (4%), dan lain-lain (1%). Terdapat beberapa cara yang dapat dilakukan guna menangani permasalahan dari timbulan serta komposisi sampah di Pantai Goa Cemara yaitu dengan cara mengoptimalkan pengelolaan sampah dan kepengurusan pantai Goa Cemara, serta menerapkan konsep 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle).
Goa Cemara Beach is a tourist area where the high activities of residents and tourist activities can increase the amount of waste generation. The purpose of this study was to determine the generation and composition of waste from tourism activities and residents around Goa Cemara beach. The study was conducted based on SNI 19-3964-1994 Standard which has been modified with a sampling time of 3 weeks with a sampling of 3-4 consecutive days each week (Friday, Saturday, Sunday, and Monday). The amount of waste generated by Goa Cemara Beach per day is 7.03 m³. So that the results of waste generation per day are 2.44 L/person/day or 0.49 kg/person/day. The types of waste generated are coconut shells (36%), wood waste (18%), food waste (20%), plastic (8%), Styrofoam (13%), paper (4%), and others (1 %). There are several ways that can be done to deal with problems from waste generation and composition at Goa Cemara Beach, namely by optimizing waste management and management of the Goa Cemara beach, and applying the 3R concept (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle).
Tanaman mahoni (Swietenia Macrophylla) sebagai bioindikator pencemaran udara khususnya logam Pb, Cu, Zn di Universitas Islam Indonesia
Authors: Salsabil Divia Septirizqia , Rahmawati Suphia , Ardhayanti Lutfia Isna
Published: October 2023

Aktivitas kendaraan bermotor seperti penggunaan bahan bakar dan rem menjadi salah satu penyumbang pencemar udara seperti logam berat. Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla) selain digunakan sebagai tanaman peneduh juga dapat berfungsi sebagai filter udara dengan menyerap polutan disekitarnya. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah Mahoni dapat dijadikan sebagai bioindikator pencemaran udara khususnya logam Pb, Cu, dan Zn. Sampel daun Mahoni, udara, dan tanah diambil di lingkungan kampus Universitas Islam Indonesia Jl. Kaliurang Km 14.5. kemudian sampel didestruksi menggunakan HNO3 dan dianalisis menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi Cu dan Pb pada sampel daun Mahoni berkorelasi dengan konsentrasi Pb pada sampel udara dengan nilai korelasi 0,76. Sedangkan untuk logam Cu dan Zn menunjukkan korelasi dengan sampel tanah sebesar 0,93 dan 0,83.
Vehicle activities such as fuel and brakes contribute to air pollutants such as heavy metals. Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), apart from being used as a shade plant, can also function as an air filter by absorbing surrounding pollutants. This study aims to determine whether Mahogany can be used as a bioindicator of air pollution, especially Pb, Cu, and Zn metals. Mahogany leaves, air, and soil samples were taken at the Universitas Islam Indonesia, Jl. Kaliurang Km 14.5 Sleman Yogyakarta Indonesia. then the sample was destructed using HNO3 and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results showed that the concentrations Pb in the mahogany leaf samples were correlated with the concentrations Pb in the air samples with correlation values of 0.76. Meanwhile, the Cu and Zn concentration of Mahogany leaves correlated with the Cu and Zn concentration of the soil sample of 0.93 and 0.83.
Penurunan kandungan hidrokarbon menggunakan Constructed Wetland Reactor dalam mengolah limbah minyak
Authors: Fajri Joni Aldilla , Wulandari Dewi , Nurmiyanto Awaluddin , Rahayu Aster
Published: October 2023

Limbah minyak dari kegiatan perbengkalan otomotif umumnya dibuang langsung ke drainase sebelum masuk ke dalam badan air terdekat. Limbah minyak mengandung senyawa aromatik, hidrokarbon, logam dan lainnya yang sangat berpotensi merusak lingkungan. Low cost wastewater treatment seperti wetland memiliki efektifitas yang cukup baik untuk mengolah air limbah domestik dan air limbah spesifik. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kinerja reaktor kontinu wetland kombinasi dengan indigen bakteria dalam mereduksi zat pencemar limbah minyak. Konsorsium indigen bakteri ditambahkan ke dalam reaktor wetland (105 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm) yang terdiri dari kompartement Vertical floating wetland dan constructed wetland dan dioperasikan kontinu selama 30 hari dengan waktu tinggal total 15 hari. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa reaktor ini mampu menurunkan konsentrasi minyak-lemak 73-98%, Total Petroleum Hidorkarbon  77-99%, kandungan minyak 67-94%, dan juga minyak dan lemak 49 – 98%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan, reactor continuous vertical flow wetlands kombinasi dengan indigen bakteri dan tanaman Vetiveria z mampu menurunkan kadar minyak-lemak, dan TPH.
Oil and grease wastewater produced by the automotive workshop mainly introduces to the drainage without any prior treatment. Oily wastewater consists of aromatic compound, hydrocarbon, metal, and other contaminates that had major impairments into the environment. Low cost wastewater treatment e.q: wetland has satisfied performance to treat domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of continue wetland reactor combined with consortium indigenous bacteria to treat oily wastewater. Consortium indigenous bacteria were added to the three compartments in the reactor (105 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm); vertical floating wetland and constructed wetland, and it was operated for 30 days with the hydraulic residence time (HRT) for 15 days. As results, this reactor could reduce the concentration of oil-grease, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), oil content, and oil grease (OG) at the level of 73-98%, 77-99%, and 49 – 98%, respectively. This result indicates that combination of consortium indigenous bacteria enhances the effectivity of reactor continuous vertical flow wetlands in degrading the oil-grease contaminants.
Perubahan perilaku masyarakat Kota Bandar Lampung dalam membeli bahan pangan segar di masa pandemi
Authors: Rahmalia Dian , Sari I Rani Mellya , Kashmir Eka , Tantriadisti Shinta
Published: October 2023

Salah satu kebutuhan pokok masyarakat yang harus terpenuhi adalah kebutuhan atas bahan pangan segar seperti beras, sayur-sayuran, lauk-pauk, rempah, buah-buahan, dan lain-lain. Masyarakat di daerah perkotaan umumnya membeli bahan pangan segar yang dibutuhkan ini secara langsung di pasar tradisional dan modern atau warung sekitar tempat tinggal. Namun, tidak sedikit pula yang membelinya secara online. Perkembangan teknologi kemudian pandemi yang terjadi semakin memicu masyarakat melakukan pembelian kebutuhan hidupnya secara online termasuk kebutuhan bahan pangan segar. Pembelian bahan pangan segar yang sebelumnya dilakukan secara langsung berubah menjadi secara online. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan perilaku masyarakat kota dalam membeli bahan pangan segar yang dibutuhkan. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survey. Pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner dengan aplikasi google form. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah telah terjadi perubahan dalam pembelian bahan pangan segar secara online akibat adanya pandemi. Sebelum pandemi, mayoritas masyarakat di Kota Bandar Lampung melakukan pembelian bahan pangan segar secara online sebanyak 1-2 kali dalam sebulan. Setelah pandemi, mayoritas masyarakat di Kota Bandar Lampung melakukan pembelian bahan pangan segar secara online lebih dari 4 kali dalam sebulan.
One of the basic needs of the community that must be fulfilled is the need for fresh groceries such as rice, vegetables, side dishes, spices, fruits, and others. People who live in urban areas generally buy fresh groceries needed directly in traditional and modern markets or in stalls around the residence. However, not a few also buy it online.  The development of technology and then the pandemic that occurred increasingly triggered people to make online purchases for their needs including the need for fresh groceries. The purchase of fresh groceries that was previously done directly changed to online. This research aims to find out whether there is a change in the behavior of city people in buying fresh groceries needed. Research methods are carried out by survey method. Data collection is done through questionnaires using the Google form application. The collected data is analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The result obtained in this study is that there has been a change in the purchase of fresh groceries online due to the pandemic. Before the pandemic, the majority of people in Bandar Lampung City purchased fresh groceries online 1-2 times a month. After the pandemic, the majority of people in Bandar Lampung City purchased fresh groceries online more than 4 times a month.
Studi pemanfaatan dan metode pemisahan silika dari coal fly ash
Authors: Hanum Farrah Fadhillah , Rahayu Aster
Published: October 2023

Penggunaan batubara sebagai sumber energi masih belum tergantikan hingga saat ini, sehingga kajian mengenai pemanfaatan abu batubara masih sangat perlu untuk dikembangkan. Abu batubara merupakan limbah hasil proses pembakaran batu bara yang komposisinya akan berbeda sesuai dengan jenis batubara yang digunakan dan proses pembakaran yang dilakukan. Salah satu komposisi  penyusun utama dari abu batubara ini adalah silika. Silika memiliki  potensi untuk dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai tujuan seperti untuk pengolahan limbah, untuk bahan aditif dalam pertanian, hingga sebagai nanosilika. Paper ini berisi informasi mengenai pemanfaatan silika dari abu batubara yang sudah ada serta metode yang efektif untuk mendapatkan silika dari limbah abu batu bara ini. Dari pembahasan diketahui bahwa studi pemanfaatan silika saat ini umumnya berfokus ke arah sintesis zeolite. Penelitian pemanfaatan silika sebagai nanosilika baru mulai dikembangkan baru-baru ini. Sementara itu, pemanfaatan silika tidak terlepas dari metode ekstraksi silika dari coal fly ash tersebut. Dari pembahasan diketahui NaOH masih menjadi pilihan utama dalam proses leaching silika. Studi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi bagi kemajuan riset dalam rangkapengolahan dan pemanfaatan limbah.
The use of coal as an energy source has not been replaced until now, subsequently the  studies on the utilization of coal fly ash still need to be developed. Coal fly ash is waste from the coal combustion process whose composition will differ according to the type of coal used and the combustion process carried out. One of the main constituents of coal ash is silica. Silica has the potential to be used in various purposes such as for waste treatment, for additives in agriculture, to nanosilica. This paper contains information on the utilization of silica from existing coal fly ash and an effective method for obtaining silica from the coal fly ash. Based on the discussion, it is known that the current study of the use of silica generally focuses on the synthesis of zeolite. The research on the use of silica as nanosilica has only recently been developed. Meanwhile, the role of silica is related to the method of extracting silica from the coal fly ash. It is known that NaOH is the main leaching solution in the case of silica leaching process. This study is expected to provide information for research progress in the context of processing and utilizing waste.
Conservación sostenible: eliminación de repintes y goma-laca de un mural bizantino con láser de erbio
Authors: Pereira Pardo Lucía , Korenberg Capucine , O'Connell Elisabeth , Sweek Tracey
Published: October 2023

La limpieza láser puede ofrecer una alternativa de conservación del patrimonio más sostenible y segura ya que, por un lado, elimina o reduce la necesidad de utilizar disolventes contaminantes para el medio ambiente y potencialmente tóxicos para las personas que se dedican a la conservación y, por otro lado, no requiere contacto con la superficie de los objetos, en ocasiones demasiado frágiles para una limpieza mecánica o con hisopos y disolventes. Esta idea se ilustra con un caso de estudio en el que se eliminaron de forma gradual y controlada con un láser de erbio (Er:YAG) capas de repinte y goma-laca de un mural bizantino procedente de Egipto y conservado en el Museo Británico.
Técnicas no invasivas no destructivas aplicadas al patrimonio cultural
Authors: Madariaga Juan Manuel , Castro Kepa
Published: October 2023

Este artículo recoge la aplicabilidad de las técnicas no invasivas y no destructivas al campo del patrimonio cultural, desde métodos para caracterizar materiales hasta procedimientos para diagnosticar el estado de conservación de bienes culturales, incluyendo el efecto de impactos ambientales en medios urbano-industriales y/o agrícolas. Las técnicas no invasivas y no destructivas utilizan métodos espectroscópicos de análisis, junto con una serie de herramientas para tratar esa información: (a) bases de datos para identificar elementos químicos o compuestos, inorgánicos y/o orgánicos, presentes en las superficies a analizar, (b) métodos quimiométricos de tratamiento de la información espectroscópica y (c) herramientas de modelado de reacciones químicas para entender y predecir las reacciones de los compuestos originales de los materiales con los incorporados por el entorno. El conjunto de la información espectroscópica, junto con los distintos métodos para su tratamiento, han permitido desarrollar nuevas metodologías para definir: (a) los impactos de los compuestos ambientales (naturales y/o antrópicos), (b) las rutas de deterioro debidas a reacciones químicas entre compuestos originales y los propios del ambiente que los rodea, y (c) el diseño de protocolos dedicados de remediación (limpieza, consolidación, rehabilitación, etc.). La recogida de la información in-situ mediante instrumentos portátiles que incorporan técnicas no invasivas y no destructivas es posible hoy en día para realizar los citados estudios. Tras describir las actuales posibilidades, se indicarán desarrollos futuros que llegarán en pocos años y que serán incorporados como técnicas habituales no invasivas y no destructivas.
Mantenimiento, control y conservación preventiva en monitorización continua con señales de alarma automáticas
Authors: García Álvarez Joaquín , Basulto García-Risco Daniel , García García José Carlos
Published: October 2023

La incorporación de la tecnología al servicio de la conservación preventiva es una de las confluencias más útiles que se han desarrollado en los últimos tiempos en el ámbito de la conservación del patrimonio. En muchas ocasiones la verdadera innovación surge de la unión afortunada de procesos procedentes de diferentes ámbitos pero que, bien por tesón, bien por casualidad, alguien descubre que juntos funcionan. La conservación preventiva se puede considerar como una de las estrategias más responsables y sostenibles para abordar la conservación monumental, por su reducida intervención sobre el bien, la optimización de los recursos y la constante evaluación del estado de conservación. Por otro lado, el empleo de tecnología y, en concreto, de sistemas de control de parámetros de conservación ha sido siempre una herramienta útil al servicio del diagnóstico del patrimonio. Esto se está viendo superado hoy en día, sigue siendo de enorme utilidad, pero hay más. La unión de estos dos procesos, con el apoyo de la digitalización está suponiendo una herramienta con un potencial fascinante de generación de conocimiento que nos ayude a conocer mejor nuestro patrimonio. La cantidad y calidad de la información generada es un activo valiosísimo dentro del corpus de conocimiento del bien, y puede resultar de gran utilidad para su empleo en la generación de patrones de normalidad, análisis predictivos y todas aquellas posibilidades que la ciencia y el conocimiento humano sean capaces de generar con esta información.
Métodos geofísicos para el estudio no invasivo de yacimientos arqueológicos
Authors: Mathé Vivien
Published: October 2023

La prospección geofísica reúne un conjunto de métodos que permiten localizar sitios arqueológicos, cartografiarlos y estudiarlos. Los métodos más utilizados son la prospección magnética, la prospección eléctrica a través de la medición de la resistividad aparente y la prospección georradar. Utilizadas antes, durante y/o después de una excavación, estas técnicas permiten, de forma no invasiva, obtener información tanto horizontal como vertical. Para una mayor eficiencia, se usan varios protocolos y métodos en el mismo sitio. Se utilizan principalmente para estudiar estructuras, ya sean construidas (muros, suelos), o excavadas en el suelo o el sustrato (zanjas, fosos, hoyos de postes), o incluso estructuras de combustión (hornos, hogares).
Jornadas de Investigadores Júnior en Patrimonio
Authors: Palomar Teresa
Published: October 2023

Las Jornadas de Investigadores Júnior en Patrimon (JIP) fueron el punto de encuentro para los investigadores y profesionales en etapas tempranas de su carrera. Los asistentes pudieron conocer los avances que se están desarrollando en ciencia del patrimonio en la actualidad, así como  varios casos de éxito de profesionales en la administración pública, la universidad y la empresa privada. Las Jornadas finalizaron con la entrega de los Premios Joven GE-IIC 2022. Tras el éxito de la actividad, se ha planteado realizar una nueva edición en los próximos años.
La caracterización espectroscópica no invasiva en la pintura: del colorímetro a las imágenes hiperespectrales
Authors: Pérez Arantegui Josefina
Published: October 2023

Actualmente, la sociedad no puede prescindir o alejarse de nuestro espléndido patrimonio, al contrario, debe aproximarse a él a través de las tecnologías modernas, especialmente las digitales, maximizando a la vez su valor a través de la investigación y de las tecnologías de preservación avanzadas. Desde esta premisa, la introducción de técnicas no invasivas de caracterización espectroscópica resulta indispensable para el estudio de objetos de arte y la explotación futura de los resultados. La obtención de imágenes hiperespectrales de las obras de arte de un museo ofrece una valiosa y potente información digital tanto para la catalogación y el estudio actual de las mismas, de sus características artísticas y de su estado de conservación, como para futuras investigaciones que tengan que ver con su evolución, con la forma de preservarlas o con su difusión. Además, contribuyen a mostrar al público nuestro patrimonio de una forma diferente y acorde a las tecnologías de las que en este momento disfrutamos, por ejemplo, en forma de imágenes ocultas a simple vista. La ventaja principal de los sistemas de captación de imágenes hiperespectrales radica en tratarse de una técnica de estudio no invasiva que permite estudiar desde grandes áreas a objetos pequeños, ofreciendo una información espacial y espectral. Al trabajar además con instrumentación portátil, parece dirigida preferentemente al trabajo con obras de arte de extremada fragilidad, sea por el tipo de materiales que las compongan o por su singularidad.
La evolución de las especialidades en conservación-restauración: nuevos retos y perfiles profesionales
Authors: Gual Via Mercè
Published: October 2023

En la actualidad, la conservación y restauración del patrimonio cultural enfrentan nuevos retos debido a la creciente conciencia sobre la importancia de la sostenibilidad y el impacto medioambiental. La conservación de objetos únicos y patrimoniales, tanto antiguos como contemporáneos, requiere un enfoque adaptado a las características específicas de cada uno. En este artículo, abordaremos los desafíos que surgen al trabajar con patrimonios "nuevos" o "no académicos", y cómo la reunión técnica de conservación-restauración La evolución de las especialidades en conservación-restauración: nuevos retos y perfiles profesionales en el Museu del Disseny-Disseny Hub Barcelona, que se llevará a cabo los días 23 y 24 de noviembre, explorará soluciones para estos problemas.
La arquitectura de tierra como ejemplo histórico de sostenibilidad. Proyectos de investigación, estudio y difusión
Authors: Vegas López-Manzanares Fernando , Mileto Camilla , García Soriano Lidia
Published: October 2023

La Península Ibérica cuenta con un vasto legado arquitectónico de construcciones de tierra, tanto en su vertiente monumental como no monumental. La rica diversidad de técnicas constructivas con tierra empleadas a lo largo de la historia, tales como la tapia, el adobe, el entramado, la pared de mano y sus diversas variantes, se debe principalmente a la amplitud del territorio, su heterogeneidad geográfica y climática, la disponibilidad de materiales y la diversidad de culturas presentes. Esta arquitectura es un ejemplo histórico de sostenibilidad, tanto medioambiental, como sociocultural y socioeconómica. Desde el año 2006 el grupo de investigación RES-arquitectura ha llevado a cabo varios proyectos de investigación competitivos, enfocados en el estudio y la promoción de la arquitectura de tierra en la Península Ibérica. Su principal objetivo ha sido el de conocer, valorar y difundir esta arquitectura, tanto para proporcionar información útil para mejorar su restauración, como para destacar su potencial como ejemplo de una arquitectura sostenible en el contexto de la actual reflexión de la arquitectura contemporánea. En este texto se presenta un recorrido por los diversos proyectos de investigación desarrollados en más de quince años de trabajo y las principales aportaciones de los mismos.
Reseña Furferi, R., Governi, L., Volpe, Y., Gherardini, F. y Seymour, K. (ed.) The Future of Heritage Science and Technologies. Design, Simulation and Monitoring
Authors: Ruiz Montero Rocío
Published: October 2023

Reseña del libro The Future of Heritage Science and Technologies Design, Simulation and Monitoring, editado en 2023 por la editorial Springer.
Guía de criterios de sostenibilidad en la conservación y restauración del patrimonio cultural inmueble
Authors: Montes de la Vega José Francisco
Published: October 2023

La presente guía, impulsada Subdirección General de Patrimonio Histórico de la Dirección General de Patrimonio de la Comunidad de Madrid, tiene como objetivo fundamental poner a disposición de los agentes que intervienen en el proceso de la restauración y conservación del patrimonio cultural inmueble, las recomendaciones y criterios de carácter sostenible, para maximizar el impacto económico, social y medioambiental de cada intervención.  

Para ello, y basándose en una clara y estructurada metodología, se identifican los agentes que intervienen en el proceso de restauración y conservación, se delimitan las fases de las que consta todo el proceso constructivo, y qué agentes intervienen en cada una de ellas, y se establecen las categorías de sostenibilidad que se deben aplicar en cada fase del proceso de conservación, precisando qué agentes son los encargados de aplicar cada uno de estos criterios.
López Rey, M. Métodos y materiales de limpieza alternativos al medio acuoso en tratamientos de conservación-restauración de materiales textiles
Authors: Fernández González Lourdes
Published: October 2023

Reseña de la tesis con título Métodos y materiales de limpieza alternativos al medio acuoso en tratamientos de conservación-restauración de materiales textiles de la autora María López Rey, publicada por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
Characterization of the fish acoustic communities in a Mozambican tropical coral reef
Authors: Puebla-Aparicio M , Ascencio-Elizondo C , Vieira M , Amorim MCP , Duarte R , Fonseca PJ
Published: October 2023

Coral reefs are biodiversity hotspots in urgent need of protection in most areas of the tropical belt due to increasing local anthropogenic pressures and climate change. Sounds produced by fishes are an important component of soundscapes in these ecosystems, making passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) an effective tool to map the presence of target species or to estimate changes in biodiversity. The present study aims to identify sound-producing fishes in Mozambican coral reefs based on the literature and to catalogue fish sound types recorded in situ. Based on the literature, we found 183 potentially soniferous species and 29 soniferous species with characterized sound production. Using acoustic recordings from coral reefs near Mozambique Island in March-April 2017 and 2018, a total of 47 putative fish sound types were recognized, from which the 37 most common were further characterized for several temporal and spectral features. A dichotomous classification of the major fish sound categories was prepared. Additional video recordings allowed identification of 4 sound-producing species: Chromis weberi, Dascyllus trimaculatus, Amphiprion akallopisos and A. latifasciatus. This study provides the first fish sound library for Western Indian Ocean coral reefs. Here, we also discuss how these simple methodologies can provide baseline knowledge to acoustically monitor marine habitats like coral reefs. Such knowledge may pave the way to use sounds to assess changes in single-fish species or reef fish biodiversity.
Countering the Disadvantage: Stasis as an Emancipatory Minimalist Legacy in Chantal Akerman's Cinema
Authors: Wynant Charlotte
Published: October 2023

This article examines stasis in Chantal Akerman's cinema by means of a genealogical study into its minimalist origins in order to make visible its political operationality in her work and, by extension, its inherent political potential. Stasis is an aesthetic effect generated through the use of repetition, seriality, and duration in temporal media that proliferated in Minimalism across artforms and was taken up by Akerman during her séjour in New York in the early 1970s. The characteristic endless temporality created by stasis in temporal media takes shape in Minimalism due in part to the movement's literalist, phenomenological orientation, which at one point caused Minimalist art to be regarded as nonideological – this while the static quality in Akerman's work appears to be constitutive of its political character. A study of her early films Hotel Monterey (1972) and Je tu il elle (1974), clearly influenced by the Minimalist scene she was immersed in, illustrates how stasis emerges analogously in Minimalist music, dance, and Akerman's cinema. Minimalism's paradigmatically phenomenological orientation and its intricate entwinement with stasis are examined in relation to Akerman's work to reveal their inherent potential for political operationality in art.
When Sympathy Hesitates: An Empathetic Understanding of Cinematic Slowness in Stray Dogs
Authors: Chen Hui-Han
Published: October 2023

With its minimalist narrative and long durational recordings of a family living on the margins of modern society and drifting around deserted urban spaces in Taiwan, Stray Dogs ( Jiaoyou, Tsai Ming-liang, 2013) provides a productive reading of cinematic slowness and a critique of the globalising domination of capitalism and neoliberalism in a locally and culturally specific context. This article examines how the representation of cinematic slowness in Stray Dogs encompasses both a narrative that requires the audience’s sympathetic and intellectual understanding and a durational perception of time that calls for empathy and intuition. Moreover, this article aims to reveal how the film’s temporal illegibility, resulting from its radical use of long takes and unresolved differentiation between the past and the present, transforms a prolonged hesitant moment into an act of resistance against the ongoing capitalist and neoliberal standardisation, rationalisation and homogenisation of time’s, or more specifically duration’s, heterogenous nature. By exploring the potential of ethical hesitation and political resistance, underscored by slow aesthetics such as the use of long takes, this article aims to make the case for a specific and unique understanding of slowness as a philosophical signifier of empathy.
Crises, Fast and Slow: A Contract-grading Response in Digital Humanities Pedagogy
Authors: Christina Murphy Emily
Published: October 2023

In the midst of COVID-19, I adapted an upper-year-undergraduate digital editions class to a contract grading method. I struggled to find models that suited the needs of my class. My course demanded a single, core final assignment (a digital edition), but almost all models are for smaller, cumulative assignments with which students make up their contracted grade level. The intervention of this article is methodological: what might contract grading look like in a way that supports scaffolding to a single, larger assignment? And it is critical and theoretical: how does this particular case study interact with theories of improved learning and equity and accessibility in the classroom? Jordana Cox and Lauren Tilton’s theories of argument or rhetoric as ‘gift’ in the context of the digital public humanities provides a framework through which to consider the ways that contract grading and student DH projects together might imagine co-operative argumentation.
What We Did Then and What We Do Now: A Crisis of Digital Scholarship Champions at Binghamton University
Authors: Carpenter Ruth , Gay Amy
Published: October 2023

The digital scholarship department in Binghamton University’s libraries was created in 2018 as part of a larger effort to bring digital humanities (DH) efforts to Binghamton. The initiative was largely spearheaded by one person who became one of the biggest digital scholarship (DS) champions on campus. They, along with the new DS librarian, founded a Digital Humanities Research Institute igniting the creation of smaller working groups and initiatives across campus. Our article discusses the role of DS champions on Binghamton’s campus, including the types of advantages they were able to leverage, their interests and goals for a DS community, and what happens when they leave. Champions are a well-researched phenomenon in business and health sciences spaces, but there is sparse research on DS champions, despite the fact they often share characteristics with champions’ roles in those areas. Understanding more about who champions are and what drives them would help DS communities plan for building sustainable and robust communities should their champions leave or no longer be able to participate in the communities they built.
Community Stigma Against Puskesmas Services During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hermawan Aang Ferid , Lusiawati Wahyu
Published: October 2023

During the COVID-19 outbreak, there is one social phenomenon that has the potential to aggravate the situation, namely social stigma or negative associations towards a person or group of people who experience symptoms or have certain diseases. They are labeled, stereotyped, discriminated against, treated differently, and or subjected to status abuse because they are associated with a disease. Stigma will cause the spread of disease in the community to get out of control, this study aims to identify community stigma towards Puskesmas services during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Sananwetan Puskesmas area. This study included descriptive qualitative research exploring the population of this study totaling 4,658 people, then a research sample of 102 respondents was selected, sampling techniques in this study used Non-Probability Sampling with the Convenience Sampling / Accidental Sampling method, samples who were willing to become respondents were then given a stigma questionnaire against puskesmas services during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that the results of univariate data analysis to determine whether there is a stigma of the community towards puskesmas services during the Covid-19 pandemic showed that 69 (67.7%) respondents had a negative stigma towards puskesmas services during the Covid-19 pandemic. The public is required to be more active in seeking information related to the COVID-19 virus through puskesmas health promotion in the form of leaflets, counseling on the radio, puskesmas cadres, so that it is not easy to be exposed to negative issues circulating in the community about covid-19.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Walking and Quadriceps Isometric Exercises on Pain and Range of Motion in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Matrahman Matrahman
Published: October 2023

Pain is known as the main symptom of Osteoarthritis (OA) which affect on the functional impairment and patient’s quality of life. Alternatively, isometric quadriceps exercise and walking exercise could be employed to reduce the pain among knee OA patients. This study aimed to identify the comparison between walking exercise and isometric quadriceps exercise on pain and joint range of motion in knee osteoarthritis patients. This research was used quasi-experimental with non equivalent control group before–after design. The experimental and control group, involved 17respondents respectively with consecutive sampling technique. The results showed the walking exercise is significantly reduce pain and increase knee flexion range of motion (p 0.000). Similarly, the isometric quadriceps exercise is significantly decrease pain and increase knee flexion range of motion (p 0.000). Nevertheless, after being compared showed that walking exercise is no more effective reduce pain and increase knee flexion range of motion rather than isometric quadriceps exercise in knee osteoarthritis patients. A standard operational procedure for walking exercise and isometric quadriceps exercise is programmed.