bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TUNABLE SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCES OF Au@TiO2 CORE-SHELL NANOPARTICLES ON THE DSSC (DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS) PERFORMANCE
Authors: Sugiono Friska Ayu Fitrianti , Dewi Risanti Doty
Published: December 2019

Plasmonic core-shell nanoparticles, i.e. gold can improve the efficiency of Dye-sensitized Solar Cell by increase the light harvesting due to the strong near-field effect LSPR (Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance). To achieve maximum enhancement, the morphology of core-shell need to be optimized with coated either by insulator such as semiconductor, i.e. TiO2. In this paper, morphology of Au@TiO2 core-shell precisely control by various TiO2 volume and systematically study its influence on the plasmonic enhancement effect. A gold solution was prepared using Turkevich method. The crystal structure of the powders was determined by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The optical properties were measured by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy using UV-Vis Lambda 750. The photocurrent action spectra or IPCE in visible light spectrum was obtained by adjusting wavelength of incident light, i.e. series connection of halogen lamp and monochromator. UV-Vis absorption spectra of core–shell showed the position of the surface plasmon Au band in the range of 500–550 nm. According to UV-Vis characterization, all samples studied show weak surface plasmon resonance response (~520 to 550 nm) as indicative of the thick TiO2 shells for individual core-shell Au@TiO2.Tunable Surface Plasmon Resonances of Au@TiO2 Core-shell Nanoparticles on the DSSC (Dye Sensitized Solar Cells) Performance
EFFECTS OF STARCH-GLYCEROL CONCENTRATION RATIO ON MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF CASSAVA STARCH-BASED BIOPLASTICS
Authors: Abdullah Akbar Hanif Dawam , Putri Oceu Dwi , Sugandi Winda Windi
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different starch-glycerol concentration ratio on mechanical and thermal properties of cassava starch bioplastics. Bioplastics were prepared by mixing starch with glycerol at different starch-glycerol w/w ratio (2.5:1, 2.75:1, 3:1 and 3.5:1). Mechanical properties was evaluated by measuring tensile strength and elongation at break where thermal properties was assessed by thermogravimetric analysis to determine the glass transition temperature (Tg), melting temperature (Tm) and melting enthalpy (ΔHm) of bioplastics. Microstructure and chemical interactions in bioplastics were evaluated by SEM and FTIR. The surface hydrophobicity was determined by measuring the water contact angle. The increase of starch-glycerol concentration in bioplastics formed rough surface where the interaction of glycerol and starch molecules mainly occurred through hydrogen bonds. It also formed stronger and more rigid structure with the increase in tensile strength from 1.90 MPa to 2.47 MPa and the decrease in elongation at break from 8.55% to 5.92%. Furthermore, the increase of starch-glycerol concentration increased Tg from 37.5 ºC to 38.6 ºC, Tm from 96.3 ºC to 120.7 ºC and ΔHm from 100.4 J/g to 155 J/g. Moreover, surface contact angle of bioplastics was increased from 40.6º to 60.2º with the increase of starch-glycerol concentration ratio.
Knowledge Production Methods in Human Rights Research: Constraints and Opportunities for the Promotion of an Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: De la Cruz-Ayuso Cristina
Published: December 2019

This article asks about the current modes of production in human rights research and how they are (or may be) determined by the structures where that knowledge is generated. These questions will be answered by looking at the results of a preliminary study on the reception and subsequent institutionalisation of studies on human rights in stable structures that are dedicated to their research, training and dissemination in Spanish universities. The starting hypothesis is that this institutionalisation causes conceptual, epistemological and methodological biases in the rationales for knowledge construction in the field of human rights that determine and hinder the interdisciplinary approach demanded by its study. Interdisciplinarity has become a dominant aspect of human rights research. The question about how this feature is articulated and who articulates it in the academic institutional framework is pertinent in a field of knowledge that cannot avoid asymmetries in the production and circulation of knowledge. The results show that human rights research has been mainly institutionalised in stable university structures in Spain within the field of legal sciences, with a clear predominance of the area of the Philosophy of Law. It can be concluded that this has been conditioned by the reception and subsequent development of the study of human rights in Spain. While it has been found that the line developed by these centres and research groups has been consolidated and recognised, it can also be confirmed that their modes of knowledge production do not match the rationale of interdisciplinary research. These limitations are not just endogenous. There are some features of Spanish institutional R&D&i culture that make interdisciplinary research on human rights difficult.
THE MEANS OF PSYCHOLOGISM IN THE WORK OF “UKRAINIANS IN EGYPT” BY A MILITARY INTERNEE HRYTS BOZHOK
Authors: Rozinkevych Nataliia
Published: December 2019

In the current period of the globalization processes of the XXI century it is important to be aware of the exter- nal orientations and national priorities of Ukraine in the world scene. That presents a significant challenge, which depends on the state’s ability to implement its national, cultural, ethnic interests and needs, which are its motive power, and to pre- serve a set of values, symbols and customs to guarantee peace and safety and contribute to development and improvement as well as to be prepared for holding out against threats of external in internal confrontation, separation, identity crisis, political and religious instability. Therefore it is topical to study the works which help gain an understanding of historical truth and get to know the national ethnogenepool of Ukrainians better, which is the basis of their socio-political experience.

Applying that approach to the little-known travelogue “Ukrainians in Egypt” by a Ukrainian political emigrant Hryts Bozhok the author of the article has developed a literary critical, historical and cultural understanding of the work concern- ing travels to the Near Eat which have not been thoroughly studied yet in Ukrainian humanistic sciences. The means of psy- chologism (the author’s characterization, diary notes, self-esteem, duality, portrait, detail, language, memories, scenery) are considered in the article. They show the psychophysiology of the character of a military internee who had to stay in a closed foreign place and who was worried about those times’ issues of a nation creation as well as general spiritual ones.

In the essay the controversial topic of a political emigration in the history of Ukrainian society at the beginning of the XX century is raised. The subject of artistic generalization of belles non-fiction is the historical time of that period which was perceived by the character during forced travels when Ukraine was a fighting platform of different political forces: Denikins, Petliuras, Makhnos, Red Army men. Unordinary events were reflected in the character’s existence, in his memory. The mem- ory is a basis of the national identity and national consciousness, therefore such works by emigrants are a part of Ukrainian ethnic literary tradition and help understand its historical course through the prism of modern times. This information also contributes to better understanding of the process of the recent historical experience in Ukrainian state creation.
JOZEF IGNACY KRASZEWSKI EMIGRATION CREATIVITY: TO THE ISSUE OF HISTORICISM IN LITERATURE
Authors: Sukhareva Svitlana
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the stories of Jozef Ignacy Kraszewski emigration period in view of the historical nature. The various Polish epochs described in the writer’s stories are given in chronological order. The attention is paid to the individual style and changes of the author’s philosophical positions. A special place is devoted to Kraszewski Sarmatian visions and the influence of Volyn life and creativity period on emigration literature. The ideal of the Polish knight-Sarmatian is characterized.

Both the writer emigration and Dresden creativity period lasted for 20 years and was especially fruitful in historical subjects, since it was then that the idea to create a whole chronological series of historical stories appeared. Thanks to the creation of this cycle J. I. Krashewski became famous not only for his peasant tales, but also as a novelist of historical direction.

Josef Kraszewski did not often go to Karlovy Vary for treatment as well as to Greater Poland and Galicia from Dresden. In 1883 while Kraszewski was going back from treatment in France he was arrested and charged with “state betrayal” in Berlin. After a long trial to which Bismarck himself was involved the writer was sentenced to three and a half years in Magdeburg fortress. Kraszewski did not stop his literary activities in the prison. In Magdeburg, he created such works as “Adventures”, “Over the Abyss”, “The King in Nesvizh”, “Yustka”, “God’s Wrath”, etc. On November 7, 1885 he was fired thanks to the help of friends but the writer’s health was finally blown up. The artist died in Geneva on March 19, 1887. Historical themes became the leitmotif of his emigration creativity.

Those researchers who are looking for historical accuracy won’t find it in Kraszewski’s prose since the author puts a special emphasis on the purpose of his writings such as the patriotic spirit awakening, the nation revival, the restoration and development of the statehood in Poland. Taking into account the goals it can be argued that despite the incredible writer awareness of the history, his artistic talent outweighed the historical fact. It was a conscious choice of the artist who chose the literature as an instrument of his life goal embodiment among the history and literature.
EMIGRANTS “MEMORY STORIES” OF ROMUALD WERNIK
Authors: Sykhomlynov Oleksii
Published: December 2019

Nostalgic discourse is an important feature of the Polish boundary and emigration literature of the twentieth century. This is a large-scale and widespread trend. She is an appeal to memories and nostalgic poetics. We can talk about a certain discourse of the past memoirism, which is understood as a norm and strategy used in the creation of text or expression-statement. The basis of creative interpretation in this case are cultural and social models, which become the norm, point of reference, the basis of the text or statement, which have certain genre features. The tragic experience of social and political events of the twentieth century: the loss of small homelands and the breakdown of ties with the broad concept of “ideological homeland”, caused the emergence of a new type of literature, full of poetics of memoirs. “Memory-nostalgia” becomes one of the main thematic and artistic components of the literature of the frontier, illustrating the emergence of nostalgic discourse, a certain norm and strategy for the creation of literary texts that have specific features and are found in poetry, prose or essay in the ethno-cultural model of literature polish-ukrainian frontier.

Memoirs – this is a subjective understanding of certain historical events or biographies of a particular historical figure, carried out by the writer in an artistic form with the use of his true documents of his time, a deep correlation of his own spiritual experience with the inner world of his heroes.

Nostalgia is a type of vulnerability that appears today in the literature more often than any other, and is a specific form of perception of reality and the way of world perception. Today, the “literature of exiles” often refers to the theme “lost paradise of childhood”, people are tired of their youth and the place where the artist’s socialization took place. This is the essence of the nostalgic worldview. There is awareness of the irretrievability of the past, but it does not cause negative feelings, only generates a sweet pain of memories.

In this context, an interesting example of nostalgic prose is the works of Romuald Wernik, an emigrant, writer from the Polish-Ukrainian borderland, historian of art, political publicist.
Effects of neuromuscular exercises on q-angle, knee joint stability and ankle mobility of handball athletes.
Authors: Fernandes Marcos Vinicius de Sousa , Carvalho Samuel Ribeiro , Costa Wesley dos Santos , Avelar Ivan Silveira De , Oliveira Deise Aparecida de Almeida Pires , Venâncio Patrícia Espíndola Mota , Soares Viviane
Published: December 2019

Background: The sport, when it comes to matters related to high performance, can lead the athlete to the development of risk factors for injuries. To minimize the effects of high load training, neuromuscular exercises may offer increased joint stability, thereby reducing risk factors, number of injuries, and minimizing the extent and severity of those that may arise. Objective: To evaluate the effects of neuromuscular exercises on Q-angle, knee joint stability and ankle mobility of high performance handball athletes. Methods: This is a controlled clinical trial conducted with 23 athletes (aged 18 to 37 years), randomly divided into intervention (n = 12) and control (n = 11) groups. Athletes were evaluated with clinical tests for knee joint instability. The risk factors evaluated were ankle range of motion (ROM) in the dorsal flexion movement (tibia over the tarsus) and the Q-angle, which are factors related to ankle sprains and anterior cruciate ligament injury, respectively. A protocol of three neuromuscular exercises for lower limb was applied three times a week, lasting approximately six minutes for 12 sessions. Results: All athletes presented Q-angle higher than expected and in the group that underwent neuromuscular exercises there was a significant reduction in right Q-angle (pre: 23.7 ± 2.9º; post: 20.2 ± 2.5º, p = 0.016) and left (pre: 22.5 ± 2.5º; post: 20.1 ± 1.8º, p = 0.021). The range of motion of both ankles did not increase significantly, but there was an average increase of 2.1º in the right ankle and 2.4º in the left of the athletes who participated in the intervention group. Clinical tests indicated improvement in joint stability. Conclusion: A significant reduction in the right and left Q-angle was observed, as well as reducing the frequency of excessive anterior tibial translocation, which may be positively reflected in the knee joint stability.
Hazel plantation planning using GIS and multicriteria decision analysis
Authors: Plaščak Ivan , Glavaš Jerko , Barač Željko , Radočaj Dorijan , Jurišić Mladen
Published: December 2019

Spatial and environmental conditions on the agricultural land are invariable components and any plantation planning should take them into consideration. The conducted research presented methodology for suitability calculation of hazel plantations based on multicriteria analysis, performed in Vukovar-Srijem County. Nine criteria representing topographic, climate, pedology and infrastructure properties were modelled in GIS environment. Values of created layers were standardized using stepwise standardization and their respective weights were calculated by Analytical Hierarchical Process. These values were integrated using weighted linear combination, resulting with suitability values. The surrounding area of the City of Ilok had the highest suitability for hazel plantation in the studied locality, with maximum suitability 4.1 out of 5.0. Suitability was visualized on a thematic map, which enables farmers to interpret the data.
Uporaba klorofilmetra u procjeni zrelosti listova duhana flue-cured za berbu
Authors: Gršić Kristina , Čavlek Miroslav
Published: December 2019

Da bi se utvrdila mogućnost korištenja klorofilmetra u procjeni optimalne zrelosti listova flue-cured duhana za berbu, provedeni su dvogodišnji poljski pokusi. Postupci u pokusu bili su gnojidba dušikom (25 i 35 kg ha-1) i vrijeme berbe (rana, srednja i kasna berba). Relativni sadržaj klorofila 7., 11., 15. i 17. lista mjeren je u vrijeme
berbe. Nakon berbe i sušenja tih listova analizirani su prinos i cijena
te sadržaj nikotina i reducirajućih šećera. Nije bilo signifikantnog utjecaja gnojidbe dušikom na prosječni prinos, cijenu i sadržaj reducirajućih šećera. Međutim, dobivene su dvije interakcije gnojidba x vrijeme berbe za prinos. Viša gnojidba dušikom rezultirala je višim prosječnim sadržajem nikotina, ali samo u 15. i 17. listu u 2010. S obzirom na vrijeme berbe rezultati istraživanja su, uz nekoliko izuzetaka, pokazali da su viši prinosi, cijene, sadržaji nikotina i sadržaji reducirajućih šećera ostvareni srednjom ili/i kasnom berbom. Za
pronalaženje raspona indeksa sadržaja klorofila u okviru kojeg bi se trebala provoditi berba listova duhana korišteni su matematički parametri odnosa između indeksa sadržaja klorofila u vrijeme berbe i istraživanih svojstava. U ovom istraživanju optimalno vrijeme za berbu listova duhana bilo je u rasponu indeksa sadržaja klorofila od 11-15.
Escenarios heterogéneos y prácticas expandidas
Authors: Ponce Gabriela
Published: December 2019

Reflexionar sobre las artes escénicas en la actualidad implica pensar en un conjunto amplio de prácticas cuya heterogeneidad se extiende hacia los modos de creación, de recepción, de formación y hacia todo el engranaje que compone el acontecimiento escénico. De ahí que el desafío de plantearnos una publicación que recoja esta complejidad, pasa necesariamente por revisar las dislocaciones y desplazamientos que se han producido en los modos de representación. La génesis de esta publicación, a la que quisiéramos referirnos de modo breve, sitúa esa dislocación en el centro de su inquietud: nuestra primera motivación, dentro del área de Artes Escénicas del Colegio de Comunicación y Artes Contemporáneas COCOA, fue habilitar un espacio de reflexión para la práctica escénica ecuatoriana más actual, tomando en cuenta que son escasas las publicaciones que existen para analizarla en el contexto del debate contemporáneo. Inmediatamente después, nos dimos cuenta de que la diversidad de estas nuevas prácticas rebasaba esos territorios geográficos y disciplinares que, en primera instancia, nos trazamos. Lejos de circunscribirse a un hacer específicamente dancístico o teatral, hoy lo escénico está actuando en un horizonte de diseminación atravesado por lo performático, la contaminación disciplinar, las prácticas de lo real, los modos de investigación expandida; y, por otro lado, también sentimos que esos desplazamientos se enmarcan necesariamente en una amplia red de pensamiento y de acción que está en diálogo con procesos regionales y globales. Entonces, nuestro proyecto fue ampliándose con el afán de rastrear esa complejidad que se materializa en esta edición de post(s), a través de una pluralidad de voces y de modos de escritura, de contextos y de lugares de enunciación.
Młodzież „Pokolenia Z” wobec wdzięczności w kontekście wychowania w rodzinie
Authors: Godawa Grzegorz , Gurba Ewa , Rzewucka Paulina
Published: December 2019

Przemiany zachodzące we współczesnym społeczeństwie i rodzinie powodują, że zmienia się znaczenie tradycyjnych środowisk wychowawczych. Kształtowanie się postaw młodych ludzi dokonuje się w coraz większym stopniu przy udziale mass mediów i grup rówieśniczych, ale rodzina wciąż stanowi potencjał dla rozwoju osobowościowego jej członków. Jest to widoczne w kształtowaniu się postaw młodzieży wobec wdzięczności, posiadającej ważne znaczenie dla funkcjonowania jednostki i społeczeństwa. Badania wypowiedzi 200 przedstawicieli Pokolenia Z pokazały, że wychowanie w rodzinie wyraźnie sprzyja okazywaniu oraz rozwojowi wdzięczności, a najskuteczniejszy w tym względzie jest osobisty przykład rodziców. Współpraca środowisk wychowawczych w celu wzmacniania poczucia i okazywania wdzięczności przez młodzież jest istotnym postulatem wynikającym z przeprowadzonych badań empirycznych.
Genogram jako graficzna technika diagnostyczna wzorców rodzinnych
Authors: Sikorski Wiesław
Published: December 2019

W publikacji podano zasady tworzenia genogramu, zwanego też „mapą rodziny”, służącego gromadzeniu danych o rodzinie przy użyciu określonych symboli graficznych. Zaprezentowano znaki rysunkowe pozwalające zilustrować jak poszczególni członkowie rodziny są ze sobą biologicznie i prawnie powiązani w ciągu trzech pokoleń. Przedstawiono też główne obszary interpretacji genogramu – strukturę rodziny, miejsce rodziny w cyklu życiowym, krytyczne wydarzenia w życiu rodziny, powtarzanie się wzorców przez pokolenia, trójkąty rodzinne oraz równowagę i jej brak w systemie rodzinnym.
Charisms in the Service of the Universal Church
Authors: Adam Anton
Published: December 2019

Charyzmaty w służbie Kościoła powszechnego

Z eklezjologicznego punktu widzenia Kościół należy rozumieć jako dar Ojca i Ciało Mistyczne Chrystusa. Ciało Chrystusowe ożywiane jest Duchem Świętym, który obdarza Kościół posługiwaniami, urzędami i charyzmatami. Duch Święty prowadzi Kościół, mający udział w życiu Trójcy Przenajświętszej, do jego pełni. Równocześnie obdarza go szczególnymi impulsami i darami zwanymi charyzmatami. Dokument Kongregacji Nauki Wiary Iuvenescit Ecclesia wskazuje na wzajemne relacje między darami hierarchicznymi a charyzmatycznymi. Charyzmaty powinny służyć dobru Kościoła uniwersalnego. Każdy poszczególny chrześcijanin przyczynia się do budowania Kościoła poprzez swoje charyzmaty oraz swoją służbę. Żaden charyzmat nie udziala dyspensy od obowiązku akceptacji urzędu pasterskiego w Kościele oraz od konieczności podporządkowania się decyzjom pasterzy Kościoła. Jasnym znakiem autentyczności charyzmatu jest jego eklezjalność, jego zdolność do harmonijnego włączenia się w życie świętego Ludu Bożego dla dobra wszystkich.
Recognition and repair of DNA-cisplatin adducts.
Authors: Woźniak Katarzyna , Błasiak Janusz
Published: December 2019

Anticancer activity of cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) is believed to result from its interaction with DNA. The drug reacts with nucleophilic sites in DNA forming monoadducts as well as intra- and interstrand crosslinks. DNA-cisplatin adducts are specifically recognized by several proteins. They can be divided into two classes. One constitutes proteins which recognize DNA damage as an initial step of the nucleotide excision and mismatch repair pathways. The other class contains proteins stabilizing cellular DNA-protein and protein-protein complexes, including non-histone proteins from the HMG (high-mobility-group) family. They specifically recognize 1,2-interstrand d(GpG) and d(ApG) crosslinks of DNA-cisplatin adducts and inhibit their repair. Many HMG-domain proteins can function as transcription factors, e.g. UBF, an RNA polymerase I transcription factor, the mammalian testis-determining factor SRY and the human mitochondrial transcription factor mtTFA. Moreover, it seems that some proteins, which probably recognize DNA-cisplatin adducts non-specifically, e.g. actin and other nuclear matrix proteins, can disturb the structural and functional organization of the nucleus and whole cell. The formation of complexes between DNA and proteins in the presence of cisplatin and the changes in the cell architecture may account for the drug cytotoxicity.
NTPase/helicase of Flaviviridae: inhibitors and inhibition of the enzyme.
Authors: Borowski Peter , Niebuhr Andreas , Schmitz Herbert , Hosmane Ramachandra S , Bretner Maria , Siwecka Maria A , Kulikowski Tadeusz
Published: December 2019

RNA nucleoside triphosphatases (NTPase)/helicases represent a large family of proteins that are ubiquitously distributed over a wide range of organisms. The enzymes play essential role in cell development and differentiation, and some of them are involved in transcription and replication of viral single-stranded RNA genomes. The enzymatic activities of a NTPase/helicase were also detected in the carboxyl-terminal non-structural protein 3 (NS3) of members of the Flaviviridae family. The crucial role of the enzyme for the virus life cycle was demonstrated in knock out experiments and by using NTPase/helicase specific inhibitors. This makes the enzyme an attractive target for development of Flaviviridae-specific antiviral therapies. This review will summarize our knowledge about the function and structure of the enzyme, update the spectrum of inhibitors of the enzymatic activities of the NTPase/helicase and describe the different mechanisms by which the compounds act. Some of the compounds reviewed herein could show potential utility as antiviral agents against Flaviviridae viruses.
Spectral properties of phthalocyanines incorporated into resting and stimulated human peripheral blood cells.
Authors: Waszkowiak Aneta , Frackowiak Danuta , Wiktorowicz Krzysztof , Miyake Jun
Published: December 2019

Human peripheral blood cells stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (which serve as a model of cancerous cells) and resting cells were incubated in dimethyl sulfoxide solutions of various phthalocyanines. In order to diminish the influence of atmospheric oxygen the cells were embedded in a polymer (polyvinyl alcohol) film. Fluorescence spectra of the samples were measured over two regions of excitation wavelengths: at 405 nm (predominant absorption of the cell material) and in the regions of strong absorption of phthalocyanines (at about 605 nm and 337 nm). The intrinsic emission of cell material became changed as a result both of cells' stimulation and of incubation of cells in dye solution. In most cases the stimulated cells when stained by dye exhibited higher long wavelength fluorescence intensity than resting cells. This suggests higher efficiency of dye incorporation into cancerous cells than into healthy cells. The absorption spectra of samples were also measured. The spectra of various phthalocyanines in incubation solvent, in polymer and in the cells embedded in polymer, were compared. The comparison of properties of the cells stimulated for different time periods enabled to establish the conditions of stimulation creating a population of cells incorporating a large number of sensitizing molecules.
The effect of Arg209 to Lys mutation in mouse thymidylate synthase.
Authors: Cieśla Joanna , Gołos Barbara , Wałajtys-Rode Elzbieta , Jagielska Elzbieta , Płucienniczak Andrzej , Rode Wojciech
Published: December 2019

Mouse thymidylate synthase R209K (a mutation corresponding to R218K in Lactobacillus casei), overexpressed in thymidylate synthase-deficient Escherichia coli strain, was poorly soluble and with only feeble enzyme activity. The mutated protein, incubated with FdUMP and N(5,10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate, did not form a complex stable under conditions of SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The reaction catalyzed by the R209K enzyme (studied in a crude extract), compared to that catalyzed by purified wild-type recombinant mouse thymidylate synthase, showed the K(m) value for dUMP 571-fold higher and V(max) value over 50-fold (assuming that the mutated enzyme constituted 20% of total crude extract protein) lower. Thus the ratios k(cat, R209K)/k(cat, 'wild') and (k(cat, R209K)/K(m, R209K)(dUMP))/( k(cat, 'wild')/K(m, 'wild')(dUMP)) were 0.019 and 0.000032, respectively, documenting that mouse thymidylate synthase R209, similar to the corresponding L. casei R218, is essential for both dUMP binding and enzyme reaction.
Computer simulations of protein folding with a small number of distance restraints.
Authors: Sikorski Andrzej , Kolinski Andrzej , Skolnick Jeffrey
Published: December 2019

A high coordination lattice model was used to represent the protein chain. Lattice points correspond to amino-acid side groups. A complicated force field was designed in order to reproduce a protein-like behavior of the chain. Long-distance tertiary restraints were also introduced into the model. The Replica Exchange Monte Carlo method was applied to find the lowest energy states of the folded chain and to solve the problem of multiple minima. In this method, a set of replicas of the model chain was simulated independently in different temperatures with the exchanges of replicas allowed. The model chains, which consisted of up to 100 residues, were folded to structures whose root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) from their native state was between 2.5 and 5 A. Introduction of restrain based on the positions of the backbone hydrogen atoms led to an improvement in the number of successful simulation runs. A small improvement (about 0.5 A) was also achieved in the RMSD of the folds. The proposed method can be used for the refinement of structures determined experimentally from NMR data.
Functional reconstitution of Ral-binding GTPase activating protein, RLIP76, in proteoliposomes catalyzing ATP-dependent transport of glutathione conjugate of 4-hydroxynonenal.
Authors: Sharma Rajendra , Sharma Abha , Yang Yusong , Awasthi Sanjay , Singhal Sharad S , Zimniak Piotr , Awasthi Yogesh C
Published: December 2019

Earlier studies from our laboratories have shown that RLIP76, a previously described Ral-binding GTPase activating protein (Jullien-Flores et al., 1995, J. Biol. Chem. 270: 22473), is identical with the xenobiotic transporter DNP-SG ATPase, and can catalyze ATP-dependent transport of glutathione-conjugates as well as doxorubin (Awasthi et al., 2000, Biochemistry, 39: 9327). We have now reconstituted purified bacterially expressed RLIP76 in proteoliposomes, and have studied ATP-dependent uptake of the glutathione conjugate of 4-hydroxynonenal (GS-HNE) by these vesicles. Results of these studies show that RLIP76 reconstituted in proteoliposomes catalyzes ATP-dependent transport of GS-HNE against a concentration gradient. The transport of GS-HNE is saturable with respect to ATP as well as GS-HNE with K(m) values of 1.4mM and 2.5 microM, respectively. These studies demonstrate that RLIP76 mediates active transport of GS-HNE, and are consistent with our previous work showing that RLIP76-mediated efflux of GS-HNE regulates the intracellular concentration of 4-HNE and thereby affects 4-HNE mediated signaling.
Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Group Therapy on Craving, Emotion Problems, and Marital Satisfaction in Patients with Substance Use Disorders: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Zargar Fatemeh , Bagheri Nasim , Tarrahi Mohammad Javad , Salehi Mehrdad
Published: December 2019

Objective: Psychological and environmental factors, such as difficulties in emotion regulation (ER) and marital problems, are involved in relapse and craving in patients with substance use disorders. Emotional regulation therapy can help maintain opioid withdrawal and improve marital relations by focusing on appropriate adjustment of emotions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion regulation therapy on craving, emotion regulation, and marital satisfaction in patients with substance use disorders.
Method: This randomized controlled clinical trial with pretest and posttest was performed in 2014 in Noor hospital, Isfahan, Iran. In this study, 30 patients who were admitted to the addiction center of Noor hospital were selected using purposive sampling. They were assigned into two groups randomly: (1) 15 patients in treatment as usual (TAU group); (2) 15 patients in emotion regulation group therapy (ERGT). The ERGT group received eight weekly treatments, based on Gross model, to learn recognize emotions and their effects, overcome obstacles of positive emotions, accept emotions, identify regulatory maladaptive and adaptive strategies of emotions, and modify behavior. Before and after the emotion regulation sessions in experimental group, Craving Beliefs Questionnaire (CBQ), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) were administered in both groups.
Results: The results of analysis of variance indicated that mean scores of marital adjustment increased in ERGT (93.66 ± 15.81) compared to TAU group (55.26 ± 20.98) and the mean scores of craving were decreased in ERGT compared to TAU group (56.66 ± 18.39 and 105.2 ± 34.5, respectively). Also, most aspects of ER improved in ERGT compared to TAU group, and the total score of ER was increased in ERGT significantly (96.69 ± 5.38 in ERGT versus 73.70 ± 5.05 in TAU).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, emotion regulation group therapy has a significant effect on reducing Craving and improving marital adjustment and emotion regulation in Patients with Substance Use Disorders. So, it can use as a useful psychotherapy in addiction treatment centers.
The Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex on Reduction of Craving in Daily and Social Smokers
Authors: Hajloo Nader , Pouresmali Asghar , Alizadeh Goradel Jaber , Mowlaie Mehri
Published: December 2019

Objective: Tobacco smoking is an addictive behavior with many psychological side effects, and many smokers are unable to quit it. Despite various treatments for smoking cessation, there is an urgent need to develop and utilize a noninvasive technique with high efficacy. This study aimed to determine the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on reduction of craving in daily and social smokers.
Method: This pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study, in which the participants were randomly assigned into sham and active groups, was performed on 40 daily and social smokers. Stimulation was delivered over the left DLPFC at a 2 m/A during 10 twenty-minute sessions for 5 weeks. The participants filled out the Desire for Drug questionnaire (DDQ) before and after intervention. Analysis of covariance was used for data analysis.
Results: A significant decrease was found in the number of cigarette smoking in both daily and social smokers compared to the sham group. Moreover, the results indicated that anodal tDCS on F3 and Cathodal tDCS on F4 has significant effects on nicotine craving (P < 0/000).
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the current tDCS of DLPFC decreases the craving of smoking. This noninvasive brain stimulation technique targeted at DLPFC area may be a promising method for reducing and treating smoking craving.
Risky Behaviors and Health-Promoting Behaviors in Young Adults: An Epidemiological Study
Authors: Jahangard Leila , Behmanesh Helen , Ahmadpanah Mohammad , Poormoosavi Seyedeh Mahsa , Solitanian Alireza , Highighi Mohammad
Published: December 2019

Objective: Health behaviors are defined as activities that affect either health status or disease risk. They can be divided into 2 categories: risky behaviors and health promoting behaviors. The growing body of evidence indicates that unhealthy behaviors often cluster in young individuals. Patterns of health-related behaviors are significantly different among countries and even among various regions of a certain country.
Method: The present study was conducted to assess the youths’ patterns of health attitude, health-related behaviors, and their mental and physical wellbeing. In this cross-sectional study, 800 university undergraduate students were selected using multistage cluster sampling method. Standard questionnaires were filled by students.
Results: About 13.3% of students smoked regularly and 14.3% reported at least one occasion of drinking, and heavy drinking was quite prevalent. Of the students, 95% reported regular physical activity and exercise. Eating habits were not healthy among the majority of students, as there was a high consumption of fast food and salt, and only 23.9% had normal body weight. Self-care behaviors were not prevalent among the students (3.2% breast self-exam and 8.5% testicular self-examination).
Conclusion: Many factors may affect positive and negative heath behaviors, including knowledge, beliefs and attitudes, legal constrains, social context, and economic status. However, lower health literacy leads to more negative health behaviors.
Telemonitoring and remote counseling in hypertensive patients. Looking for new ways to do old jobs
Authors: Ionov М. V. , Zvartau N. Е. , Emelyanov I. V. , Konradi A. О.
Published: December 2019

XXI century emphasized humanity to embrace the digital era after a reality of Third and Fourth Industrial Revolutions, nowadays dictating new terms of social networking. It is expected that information and communication technologies integrated with value-based medicine will significantly impact healthcare delivery to tremendous number of patients with socially important noncommunicable diseases. Cardiovascular illnesses comprise the greatest part of such pathologies. Hypertension (HTN) being the most prevalent cardiovascular disease is also the key modifiable cardiovascular risk factor yet seems to be an attractive target for both value-based concept and telehealth interventions. Present review addresses up-to-date science on telehealth, sets out the main well-known, but yet unsolved challenges in management of HTN along with the new approaches involving telemedicine programs, digital health outlooks. The main barriers of telehealth implementation are also considered along with the possible solutions.
Elevated heart rate in hypertension and coronary artery disease: risk factor or risk marker in patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Kokhan E. V. , Kiyakbaev G. K. , Kobalava Z. D.
Published: December 2019

Numerous studies have demonstrated the negative prognostic value of tachycardia, both in the general population and in specific subgroups, including patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), arterial hypertension (HTN) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In the latest edition of the European guidlines for the treatment of HTN the level of heart rate (HR) exceeding 80 beats per minute is highlighted as a separate independent predictor of adverse outcomes. However, the feasibility of pharmacological reduction of HR in patients with sinus rhythm is unclear. Unlike patients with reduced ejection fraction, in whom the positive effects of HR reduction are well established, the data on the effect of pharmacological HR reduction on the prognosis of patients with HTN, CAD and/or HFpEF are not so unambiguous. Some adverse effects of pharmacological correction of HR in such patients, which may be caused by a change in the aortic pressure waveform with its increase in late systole in the presence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, are discussed. The reviewed data underline the complexity of the problem of clinical and prognostic significance of increased HR and its correction in patients with HTN, stable CAD and/or HFpEF.
Early identification of tubulointerstitial renal injury in hypertensive patients: a comparative evaluation of the urine biomarkers NGAL and KIM 1
Authors: Kuzmin O. B. , Zhezha V. V. , Begun D. N. , Tsareva V. A. , Gubanova T. G.
Published: December 2019

Objective. The aim of the study was a comparative assessment of urine NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin) and KIM‑1 (kidney injury molecule‑1) as biomarkers of early detection of tubulointerstitial renal damage in patients with arterial hypertension (HTN) without concomitant diabetes mellitus and kidney disease.

Design and methods. The study involved 52 patients of both sexes (17 man and 35 women, mean age 60,2 ± 6,54 years) hospitalized for aggravation of HTN 1–3 degrees, which were divided into 3 groups with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) > 90 ml/min/1,73 m 2 (n = 21), 60–90 ml/min/1,73 m 2 (n = 19) and < 60 ml/min/1,73 m 2 (n = 12). In a separate group, patients with albuminuria in the range 10–29 mg/g urine creatinine were isolated. The comparison group consisted of 15 normotensive individuals (6 men and 9 women, mean age 49,8 ± 9,68 years) with no obvious signs of renal, cardiovascular or other diseases. All patients and controls underwent examination, and albumin, NGAL (Human NGAL ELISA kit) and KIM‑1 (Human KIM‑1 Immunoassay ELISA) levels were assessed in the first morning urine portion.

Results. In the group of patients with GFR 67,7 ± 4,92 ml/min/1,73 m 2 (mildly reduced kidney function) and in the group of patients with GFR 55,8 ± 4,44 ml/min/1,73 m 2 (renal dysfunction) urine NGAL level increased by 3,43 (р < 0,05) and 3,92 times (р < 0,05), respectively, as compared with the control group. The urine concentration of KIM‑1 increased by 2,06 times (р < 0,05) was observed only in patients with renal dysfunction. Based on the ROC analysis AUC for the urine NGAL level in patients with mildly reduced kidney function is 0,78 (95 % confidence interval, 95 %CI: 0,70–0,86; p < 0,001), specificity — 89,6 %, sensitivity — 66,7 %. Similar indicators for KIM‑1 are 0,72 (95 % CI: 0,64–0,80; p < 0,001), specificity — 85,3 %, sensitivity — 16,7 %. In the group of patients with mildly reduced kidney function the urine level of NGAL correlated with the HTN severity (r = 0,8944, р < 0,001) and its duration (r = 0,8953, р < 0,001).

Conclusions. Urine NGAL as compared with KIM‑1 is a more sensitive biomarker, which indicates tubulointerstitial injury in HTN patients without diabetes mellitus and kidney diseases in the early stage of impairment renal function.
Aortic pulse wave velocity as a prognostic tool of hypertension in obesity
Authors: Druzhilov M. A. , Druzhilova O. Y. , Kuznetsova T. Y.
Published: December 2019

Objective. The aim was to assess the role of the aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao) as additional predictor of hypertension (HTN) development in men with obesity.

Design and methods. 526 men without HTN (according to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) without therapy) (age 45,1 ± 5,0 years) with abdominal obesity (waist circumference > 94 cm) and SCORE < 5 %, without cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus were examined. The diagnostic tests included the lipid and glucose profiles, creatinine, albuminuria evaluation, echocardiography, carotid ultrasound, bifunctional ABPM (portable recorder BPLab®) with average daily PWVao assessment. Patients with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (n = 98) were excluded from the follow-up. Follow-up examination including ABPM was conducted on average after 46,3 ± 5,1 months.

Results. Data of 406 subjects were available for analysis. HTN defined as average daily BP ≥ 130/80 mm Hg was found in 157 patients (38,7 %). The mathematical model included the following parameters: age, body mass index, mean daily systolic BP and mean daily PWVao. Among these predictors a PWVao was characterized by the highest standardized regression coefficient (0,461, p < 0,001). The area under the ROC-curve was 0,945 (95 % confidence interval 0,920–0,971, р < 0,001). At the selected cut-off point of PWVao 7,7 m/s the sensitivity and specificity of the model were 85,4 % and 96,8 %, respectively.

Conclusions. The mathematical model for assessing the probability of HTN development in patients with obesity which includes the PWVao is characterized by a high overall percentage of correct classifications with comparability with actual data. Bifunctional ABPM with the PWVao evaluation in patients with obesity is the preferred method for additional prognostic assessment.
KURUMSAL YÖNETİM İLKELERİ IŞIĞINDA ANONİM ŞİRKETLERDE GENEL KURULA İLİŞKİN İLKELERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Semih Sırrı , TAMER Elanur
Published: December 2019

Temel olarak kamuyu aydınlatma ve şeffaflık, hesap verilebilirlik,

sorumluluk ve eşitlik esaslarına dayanan kurumsal yönetim ilkeleri, şirket

yönetimi ve menfaat sahipleri arasında dürüstlük ve şeffaflık yaklaşımına

dayalı bir yönetimi esas alır. Bu sayede, özellikle halka açık anonim

şirketlerde çoğunluk karşısında azınlık pay sahiplerinin de şirket yönetim

ve faaliyetlerinde etkili olması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, genel

kurul toplantılara ilişkin ana ilkelerin ve bağlantılı kurumsal yönetim

ilkelerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Zmiany w podatku akcyzowym
Authors: Bronicki Wojciech
Published: December 2019

Najistotniejsze zmiany w podatku akcyzowym, pod hasłem uproszczeń i ułatwień prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej w zakresie wyrobów akcyzowych, to przede wszystkim: zerowa stawka dla gazu ziemnego CNG i LNG przeznaczonego do napędu silników spalinowych, wyłączenie z zakresu definicji ubytków strat powstających podczas produkcji piwa i wyrobów winiarskich, zastąpienie papierowego dokumentu dostawy – dokumentem w postaci elektronicznej (e-DD), wprowadzenie na terytorium kraju możliwości podziału przemieszczenia w przypadku wyrobów energetycznych przemieszczanych transportem kolejowym (spliting). Zmiany te stanowią ułatwienia i uproszczenia dla prowadzenia działalności, system poboru podatku akcyzowego dzięki systemowym rozwiązaniom okazał się bowiem najszczelniejszym systemem poboru podatków na tle przyrostów uzyskiwanych w innych podatkach, który nie wymaga zmian systemowych.
Potrzeba wprowadzenia Karty Praw Podatnika w Polsce
Authors: Wilk Michał
Published: December 2019

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie potrzeby i zasadności wprowadzenia Karty Praw Podatnika w Polsce. Rozważania prowadzą do wniosku, że taka potrzeba istnieje i jest uzasadniona niewystarczającym poziomem ochrony praw podatnika w Polsce, represyjnością regulacji podatkowych, niską jakością legislacji podatkowej oraz praktyką naruszania praw podatnika przez organy podatkowe.
La escuelas del río: una lectura del Plan Especial de Educación Rural
Authors: Sánchez Corrales Natalia , Hernández Bello Álvaro , López Gómez Catalina
Published: December 2019

Existe un consenso creciente sobre la necesidad de adelantar medidas urgentes y eficaces que permitan superar las brechas educativas entre el mundo urbano y el mundo rural. Este consenso se soporta en la sobrada evidencia que muestra la relación que existe entre la educación de pésima calidad y el agravamiento constante de las condiciones de vida de las poblaciones rurales en Colombia. Lamentablemente, la conciencia de la necesidad no se ha compadecido ni con la voluntad ni con la efectividad de la acción pública. Por ello, la situación de la educación en los contextos rurales es más que dramática.
En ese contexto, el acuerdo de paz firmado entre el gobierno de Colombia y la extinta guerrilla de las FARC-EP, en 2016, planteó el compromiso de adelantar un programa nacional de educación rural que podría constituirse en una herramienta efectiva para la construcción de paz en los territorios más marginados del país. En respuesta a ese compromiso, se ha venido formulando en los últimos meses el llamado Plan Especial de Educación Rural (PEER), el cual aspira a consolidarse como el documento orientador de la nueva política de educación rural para el país. En este texto se hace una lectura crítica del PEER que se ha venido formulando y se argumenta que, si bien su mecanismo participativo y sus propósitos son acertados, el enfoque escogido para su formulación no permite atender los problemas estructurales de la educación rural de Colombia y que, al fomentar de modo implícito un modelo excluyente, no podrá consolidarse como herramienta de construcción de paz. Adicional a ello, mostramos de modo incipiente la experiencia educativa del pueblo de Murui, en el departamento de Putumayo, y sugerimos que en ella puede haber pistas para hacer ajustes en el plan propuesto hasta ahora