bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Status Keistimewaan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dalam Bingkai Demokrasi Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 (Studi Kasus Pengisian Jabatan Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah)
Authors: Laksono Fajar , Kasim Helmi , Kurniawan Nallom , Mardiya Nuzul Qur’aini , Ramdan Ajie , Rachmatika Siswantana Putri
Published: July 2022

Status keistimewaan Provinsi DIY dalam kurun waktu sekian lama lebih sering diinterpretasikan sebagai istimewa dalam hal wilayah yang dulunya berbentuk kerajaan, istimewa dalam pemimpin yaitu dipimpin dwi tunggal dari lingkungan Kasultanan dan Pakualaman, dan istimewa dalam sistem pemerintahannya yang hierarkis patrimonial. Apabila dikelompokkan, pemaknaan keistimewaan Provinsi DIY setidaknya terbelah menjadi 2 (dua) yakni pihak yang pro-pemilihan  dan  pro-penetapan.  Penetapan Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono sebagai Gubernur dan Sri Paku Alam sebagai Wakil Gubernur Provinsi DIY tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip demokrasi menurut UUD 1945 karena dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945, para penyusun UUD 1945 sepakat untuk mengadaptasikan bentuk dan model demokrasi yang sesuai dengan budaya dan corak masyarakat Indonesia yakni demokrasi permusyawaratan berdasar kekeluargaan. Artinya, masyarakat DIY berhak bermufakat secara kekeluargaan mengenai mekanisme yang ingin dipraktikkan, sepanjang mekanisme tersebut dipandang demokratis, dalam arti tidak bertentangan dengan gagasan demokrasi permusyawaratan serta tidak mengabaikan hakikat keistimewaan DIY, termasuk melalui mekanisme penetapan. Dalam hal menentukan kepala daerah DIY, para pengubah UUD 1945  tidak memaknai demokrasi hanya melalui mekanisme pemilihan secara langsung oleh rakyat atau oleh DPRD, melainkan membuka mekanisme lain di luar itu sepanjang mekanisme tersebut dianggap demokratis dan mendapatkan payung hukum dari undang- undang.
Neglected Tropical Diseases and Sudden Cardiac Death: The NET-Heart Project
Authors: Miranda-Arboleda Andrés F. , González-Barrera Luis Gerardo , Liblik Kiera , Farina Juan , Zaidel Ezequiel José , Saldarriaga Clara , Zhou Zier , Al-Rawi Reem , López-López José Patricio , Juarez-Lloclla Jorge P. , Gupta Shyla , Prabhakaran Dorairaj , Kumar R Krishna , Sosa-Liprandi Álvaro , Baranchuk Adrian
Published: July 2022

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is responsible for approximately 6% of global mortality and 25% of cardiovascular (CV) deaths. SCD has been traditionally linked to coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathies, and genetic arrhythmia disorders. However, advancements in care for these diseases have not translated to a proportional reduction in SCD. This suggests an important role of underrecognized contributing pathologies. Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of illnesses prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical regions which have been understudied partially due to their high prevalence in marginalized populations. The relationship between SCD and Chagas disease has been well-established, though emerging literature suggests that other NTDs with CV involvement may lead to fatal arrhythmias. Additionally, specific therapies for a subset of NTDs put patients at increased risk of malignant arrhythmias and other cardiac complications. This review aims to summarize the association between a group of selected NTDs and SCD.
COSMOS - An Analytical Model Based on Observations
Authors: Arnold Hans Werner
Published: July 2022

Our search for the origin of gravitation and time leads to an analytical model of the evolution of the universe. The model is a mathematical equation based on observations and current physical understanding. It describes the observed cosmic fire as a continuous process of a nuclear reaction. This fire is a source of gravitation and time. Its release of energy accelerates the expansion of the universe. The model shows dependencies between micro and cosmic macro structures. With Planck's quantum of action it is possible to calculate the most significant cosmic constants such as the Universal Gravitational Constant, the age of the universe, the percent and nature of dark mass/energy and the graviton.
PENGANTAR HUKUM BISNIS LOGISTIK
Authors: Wijayanto Adi
Published: July 2022

Buku berjudul “Pengantar Hukum Bisnis Logistik” inidirancang berdasarkan kurikulum terbaru denganmenekankan pada aspek bisnis perusahaan, logistik bisnis,dan akuntansi dengan harapan bahwa para pembaca dapatmempunyai gambaran tentang sebagian aspek-aspek darihukum bisnis pada umumnya dan juga pemahaman awaltentang hukum bisnis jasa perposan dan logistik.Jika berbicara tentang aspek-aspek hukum bisnissesungguhnya pembahasannya akan sangat luas, karenaruang jelajah hukum bisnis dapat meliputi berbagai ragamantara lain mulai dari bidang yang masih tergolongkonvensional misalnya tentang kontrak, perusahaan, suratberharga, Hak atas Kekayaan Intelektual (HAKI), asuransi,perpajakan dan lain-lain sampai kepada bidang popular,seperti merger, akuisisi, anti monopoli, perlindungankonsumen, elektronik transfer, e-commerce dll. Namundemikian buku ajar ini dirancang semaksimal mungkin untukmemenuhi kebutuhan mahasiswa yang tentunya akanmembantu pencapaian target kurikulum secara keseluruhan.
Gameful Learning: Innovative Wege zur didaktischen Gestaltung der Hochschullehre
Authors: Halder Sophia , Schelonsek Monique , Ohliger Antonia , Fischer Christian
Published: July 2022

Die Hochschullehre in Deutschland ist davon geprägt, dass Studierende am Ende des Semesters eine große Leistungsüberprüfung absolvieren, bei der alle im Semester gelernten Inhalte abgeprüft werden. Dieses traditionelle System hat zur Folge, dass Studierende sich eher zum Ende hin mit den prüfungsrelevanten Inhalten beschäftigen und vorher eher in Prokrastination verfallen. Gerade in Zeiten der Online-Lehre stellt sich somit die Frage, wie man als Lehrperson innovative Wege bei der Hochschulbildung einschlagen kann, um Studierende zu fördern, sich regelmäßig mit Studieninhalten auseinanderzusetzen. Gameful Learning stellt dabei einen Ansatz dar, wie Studierende selbstregulatorische Fähigkeiten im Rahmen der Selbstbestimmungstheorie entwickeln können.
On screen experiment showed that becoming a parent for the first time shifted people's priorities from themselves to their infant at 1 year of age
Authors: Høgholt Nadia F. , Buus Svend , Fernandes Henrique , Sui Jie , Vuust Peter , Kringelbach Morten L.
Published: July 2022

See original article at:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/apa.16561 Aim: This study used a screen-based perceptual matching task to see how non-parents, people trying to get pregnant, and those who had given birth prioritised shapes and labels relating to self or infant conditions.Methods: The study took place at Aarhus University Hospital in Denmark fromDecember 2016 to November 2021. Recruitment methods included family planning clinics, social media, online recruitment systems and local bulletin boards. The modified perceptual matching task linked five shapes to five labels, including self and infant.Results: We found that 67 males and females with a mean age of 24.4 ± 3 years, who had no plans to become parents in the near future, reacted faster and more accurately to self-shapes and labels (p < 0.001), which validated the experiment. The 56 participants aged 27.1 ± 4.4 years who were actively trying to become parents showed no statistically significant prioritisation. A subset of 21 participants aged 28.7 ± 4.4 years showed faster response times to infant than self-shapes and labels 1 year after giving birth (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Healthy first-time parents showed faster reactions to infant than self-conditions 1 year after giving birth, in contrast to the other two groups.
What kind of impacts can artwork have on viewers? Establishing a taxonomy for aesthetic impacts
Authors: Christensen Alexander P. , Cardillo Eileen R. , Chatterjee Anjan
Published: July 2022

Aesthetic cognitivism is the philosophical position that art can advance knowledge and understanding. Operationalizing the claim of aesthetic cognitivism is necessary to put this philosophical view to test empirically. In pursuit of this goal, we recruited five aesthetics experts from different academic disciplines: art history, neuroscience, philosophy, psychology, and theology. Together, the group curated a set of terms that corresponded to descriptive features (124 terms) and cognitive-affective impacts (69 terms) of artworks. Using these terms as prompts, participants (n = 899) were given one minute to generate words for each term related to how an artwork looked (descriptive features) or made them think or feel (cognitive-affective impacts). Using network psychometric approaches, we identified terms that were semantically similar based on participants’ responses and applied hierarchical exploratory graph analysis to map the relationships between the terms. Our analyses identified 17 descriptive dimensions which could be further reduced to 5, and 11 impact dimensions which could be further reduced to 4. The resulting taxonomy demonstrated overlap between the descriptive and impact networks as well as consistency with previous reports. Terms directly relevant to aesthetic cognitivism were centrally positioned relative to other terms in the networks. This taxonomy could serve as the foundation to empirically evaluate aesthetic cognitivism’s claim.
Elements of Musical and Dance Sophistication Predict Musical Groove Perception
Authors: O'Connell Samantha Reina , Nave-Blodgett Jessica Erin , Wilson Grace E. , Hannon Erin , Snyder Joel S.
Published: July 2022

Listening to groovy music is an enjoyable experience and a common human behavior in some cultures. Specifically, many listeners agree that songs they find to be more familiar and pleasurable are more likely to induce the experience of musical groove. While the pleasurable and dance-inducing effects of musical groove are omnipresent, we know less about how subjective feelings towards music, individual musical or dance experiences, or more objective musical perception abilities are correlated with the way we experience groove. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate how musical and dance sophistication relates to musical groove perception. One-hundred and twenty-four participants completed an online study during which they rated 20 songs, considered high or low groove, and completed the Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index, the Goldsmiths Dance Sophistication Index, the Beat and Meter Sensitivity Task, and a modified short version of the Profile for Music Perception Skills. Our results reveal that perceptual abilities, musical training, and social dancing predicted the difference in groove rating between high- and low-groove music. Overall, these findings support the notion that listeners’ individual experiences and predispositions may shape their perception of musical groove, although other causal directions are also possible. This research helps elucidate the correlates and possible causes of musical groove perception in a wide range of listeners.
Political Discourse Analysis: Analyzing Building Tasks in Trump’s Speech in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alenizi Aied , AbuSa’aleek Atef O.
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to investigate how the tasks of significance and identities are built in President Trump’s speech in Saudi Arabia to find how President Trump employs language to perform these two building tasks. President Trump’s speech in Saudi Arabia was analyzed qualitatively according to Gee’s (2011) building tasks model. It has been found that President Trump enacts and builds the significance task by carefully selecting lexical items, cooperative patterns, lexical choice, and compliments. Furthermore, President Trump enacts particular identities and attributes specific identities to others in his speech, such as political, social, and cooperative identities. The analysis shows that President Trump shifts between the identities such as President of the U.S., a representative of the American People, a fighter and defender of American citizens and the world’s safety and security, a businessman, a well-educated and knowledgeable person. This study recommends that future research investigate other political speeches delivered by President Trump based on any of the seven-building tasks of language that did not cover in this study.
Code-switching Versus Target-language-only for Saudi EFL Students
Authors: Tale’ Mazeegha Ahmed Al , AlQahtani Faten Abdullrahman
Published: July 2022

Selecting the medium of instruction to teach the target language in EFL classrooms has been controversial for several years. This study explores the impact of code-switching versus target-language-only teaching strategies on beginner students’ learning and affective sustenance of EFL reading comprehension based on their perceptions. It also explores whether there are significant differences between the participants’ perceptions of these two teaching strategies’ possible impact on their learning and affective sustenance. Moreover, it examines whether they prefer their teachers to use code-switching or target-language-only instruction in the classroom and the reasons for their preferences. A questionnaire and follow-up interviews were used to collect the data from 52 female Saudi college participants. The results indicate that the participants had positive perceptions about the impact of CS on their learning and affective sustenance in the EFL reading classes as opposed to negative perceptions about TL-only instruction. The results also show significant differences between their perceptions of TL-only instruction and code-switching, indicating that they prefer code-switching to TL-only instruction in their EFL reading classes. The study recommends that code-switching is used as a facilitating instructional strategy for EFL beginners to give them affective support and make the input more comprehensible.
An Exploration of Voice in the Writing of Arab Learners of English as a Second Language
Authors: Alshehri Asmaa , Alasmari Muhammad , Qasem Fawaz , Ahmed Rashad
Published: July 2022

Developing a writer’s voicea challenging task for second-language writers who are new not only to the culture but also to the values associated with the target language. This study aims at exploring the writer’s voice of Arabic-speaking learners who study English as a Second Language. The study mainly discusses the following question: Do L2 learners who learn to write in both first and second language have an individual, collective, or depersonalized voice? Investigating the impact of culture and society on language and identity will facilitate the discovery of voice in second language writing. Methodologically, the study employs a qualitative research design in which data are collected via a discourse analysis of written texts. The analysis of the data adopted the holistic and dynamic perspective (Zhang & Zhan, 2020) by examining the various factors affecting Arabic-speaking learners of ESL including cultural factors, linguistic resources, and educational/academic pedagogy. Moreover, the study followed the analysis of the writer’s voice proposed by Lehman (2018) and used further Lehman and Anderson’s study of voice in academic writing (Lehman & Anderson, 2021). Lehman proposed three main topics to classify the writer’s voice: (a) individual, (b) collective, and (c) depersonalized. The findings of this research showed that approximately 55.96% of the voice of Arab learners of ESL fell in the individual category, 29.97% fell in the collective category, and 14.07% fell in the depersonalized category.
Representation of Culture in EFL Textbooks: A Linguistic and Content Analysis of My Book of English
Authors: Aoumeur Hayat , Ziani Melouka
Published: July 2022

This study explores the representation of culture in My Book of English, a second-generation English-language book for the first-year middle school in Algeria. Based on both content and a linguistic analysis method, our objective was to demonstrate the cultural significance of some representational choices. The notion of ideology was exploited in this study to examine the part that language takes in perpetuating ideas about culture, multiculturality, diversity, nationalism, and identity. According to the findings, cultural and social representations capture both the tendencies of cultural heritage preservation and the promotion of innovation and change. The analysis demonstrates that My Book of English acknowledges, to a certain extent, the role that English plays in the processes of internationalization and globalism. However, as a foreign language material, the book exaggeratedly highlights the source culture, making it difficult for the learners to transcend national boundaries.
The Role of Lexical Chunks in Promoting English Writing Competence among Foreign Language Learners in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Albaqami Rashidah
Published: July 2022

This study examines the effect of enhanced input of lexical chunks on the performance of Arabic-speaking English learners’ writings. Lexical chunks, containing their forms, meanings, and functions, stored and recovered as a single component in brains, may alleviate language processing problems and increase language proficiency. The research examines if enhancing exposure to lexical chunks might advance foreign language learners’ writing in Saudi Arabia. The study attempts to find an answer to the following question: What is the potential impact of rich input of lexical chunks on Arabic-speaking learners of English e-mail writing competence? A total of 34 female university students were divided into two groups and given a pre-test and post-test in which they wrote and composed e-mails in English. The experimental group was then exposed to a treatment (i.e., extensive exposure to lexical chunks available via an e-mail phrase bank). After eight weeks of treatment, the experimental group outperformed the control group on the post-treatment test. The results demonstrate that learners with more lexical chunks are more likely to perform better and vice versa. The results indicate that the experimental group had a favorable attitude about lexical chunks through the e-mail phrase bank. The results suggest that abundant input of lexical chunks aids in improving learners’ writing performance. The findings also suggest that increased input of lexical chunks may lessen the potential negative transfer of the mother language, therefore refining writing in terms of collocations, grammatical structures, and discourse coherence.
Exploring Kurdish EFL University Students’ Beliefs about Language Learning
Authors: Ghafor Omar Fouad , Ahmad Hedayat Muhammad , Mustafa Goran Omar
Published: July 2022

This paper is an attempt to deal with language learners’ beliefs. Researchers used Elaine Kolker Horwitz’s model (1988), Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory, and they applied it to explore the views of Kurdish EFL university students concerning language learning. The study aims to investigate and expose their opinions regarding language learning generally, then English language more precisely. Its significance lies in exploring the beliefs of Kurdish EFL university students about language learning. It mainly answers the question, “what are the beliefs of Kurdish EFL university students about learning English?”. The researchers administered a Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory (BALLI) questionnaire to seven universities to achieve this aim. The questionnaire includes several viewpoints regarding the difficulty of language learning, foreign language aptitude, the nature of language learning, learning and communication strategies, and motivation and expectations. They collected and analyzed the questionnaire results and found out that the first category, the difficulty of language learning, has the lowest mean score among the five categories. In contrast, the fifth category, motivation and expectations, has the highest mean score. They ended the study with suitable beneficiary recommendations.
Chinese-to-English Translation of Political Discourse: A Feature-Oriented Analysis
Authors: Aina Sun , Fang Ng Chwee , Subramanlam Vijayaletchumy A/P , Ghani Che Ann Binti Abdul
Published: July 2022

The translation of political discourse differs from the translation of texts in non-political contexts in which political discourse is highly profiled in terms of political sensitivity and policy orientation. It may potentially influence global peace and security. Understanding the features of translating China’s political discourse from Chinese to English is of great help to political translators and researchers in studying the problems and strategies of political translation for attaining the above expectation. It is expected to help the international community understand clearer and better the stance, response, and policies adopted by the government in national and international affairs. Therefore, the translation of China’s political discourse should deliver the intended information accurately and adequately the national characteristics of the source text and conduct flexible adjustments to conform to the language habits and ways of thinking of the target audience while mainlining the correct political position. This article aims to review and identify the essential characteristics of translating China’s political discourse from Chinese to English. It is apparent in understanding the desired political translation effect and some relevant translation problems. The bibliometric research method concludes that the Chinese-to-English translation of China’s political discourse has four distinctive features: accuracy, international-audience-centeredness, national characteristics, and political rightness. It is recommended that the translator pay great attention to these features while selecting translation strategies and methods and raise the acceptability of the translated text among the global recipients for promoting an authentic national image of the country.
Language Learning Strategy Instruction in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alnufaie Mohammad R.
Published: July 2022

Strategy instruction is essential in the literature of language learning/learner strategies. This paper employs a literature review to determine how much strategy instruction is addressed in language learning research in Saudi Arabia, how many instruments have been used and what kind of strategies are taught. A search was conducted on articles from 1950 to 2020 through the Saudi Digital Library. From an initial 297 records, 17 (5.7%) studies met the review criteria. This small number reflects the shortage of language learning strategy instruction in Saudi Arabia. The reviewed studies also targeted different variables in their strategy instructions, which shows that they were developed based on personal discretion. The most taught strategies are reading strategies and then vocabulary/spelling strategies. The least taught strategies, however, are social and motivational strategies. Only one of the studies utilized a standardized measure for one of its dependent variables after instruction. Thus, it was difficult to make comparisons across the studies. It is recommended that Saudi strategy researchers include strategy instruction in their investigation of language learning strategies and calculate the duration of their instruction in hours for clarity. They should also explain in detail what intervention is used, why and how they conducted the instruction. In addition, strategy instruction is a demanding task that requires a multi-method data collection approach.
Investigating the Legal Discourse of Bill Clinton’s Impeachment Trial
Authors: Aldosari Bader Nasser
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a legal discourse analysis of Bill Clinton’s impeachment trial held in 1998. The paper’s main objective is to explore the different meanings communicated by the dexterous use of some lexical and pragmatic strategies used by discourse interlocutors involved in the trial. More specifically, the article offers a linguistic study of the testimony and statements of President Bill Clinton relating to his impeachment trial. The paper focuses on three main analytical dimensions: word selection, power relations, and questioning and answering, and the way these strategies influence the discourse participants’ conversational performance in the selected trial. To this end, this study draws on a legal discourse analysis approach as discussed by Coulthard (2013) and Mey (2016), focusing on lexicalization, the notion of power, and the use of questions and answers in courtroom settings. The overarching research question is: What are the different ideological and pragmatic meanings targeted beyond the use of selected words during the trial? Results reveal that language is a powerful tool in courtroom testimonies as it helps to extract information, verify evidence, draw legal outcomes, and encode and/or decode the underpinning meanings of courtroom discourse participants. These, in turn, serve to support or defy evidence and ultimately lead to issue a legally just decision.
Potential Causes of Foreign Language Anxiety among Saudi Female Students in the United States
Authors: Almotiary Haifa
Published: July 2022

This study aims to answer the following main question: What are the possible factors that cause foreign language anxiety (FLA) among Saudi Arabian female students living and studying English as a foreign language in the US? Data were obtained from interviewing nine Saudi females learning English as a second language in the US. There has been increased research into foreign language learning and anxiety. Some studies have focused on Western students learning a foreign language in a Western setting, while others have involved Asian students, ignoring other perspectives. Due to the significant increase in Saudi women currently studying in the US, this study investigated FLA among this population accustomed to segregated classrooms. The results revealed that the participants exhibited some commonly cited FLA types (e.g., communication apprehension, test anxiety, and the fear of negative evaluation). Still, the role of their Saudi cultural background may have been equally important in influencing their FLA. Future research might include a larger sample of students and teachers to investigate FLA and help elucidate students’ experiences.
Translating ‘The Saddler Notebook’:Collocations &Metaphors as Cultural Problematic Issues & Solutions
Authors: Fattah Esraa Adel
Published: July 2022

Literary translation is one of the most challenging fields of translation because literary texts are rich in figurative language such as collocations and metaphors. This critical analysis discusses the translation process and its reconstruction. It also focuses on collocations and metaphors that emerge in the original version and how they are dealt with during the translation process. The discussion includes the difficulties that collocations and metaphors pose to translators and the effective strategies that were used to overcome these difficulties. Chapter one includes the definition of collocations and their types. It also tackles the issue of collocations in translation with some examples from the translated story along with the strategies used to translate these collocations. Chapter two sheds light on metaphor and its definition and types along with the issue of metaphors in translation with some examples from the translated story. It also discusses the strategies used to translate these metaphors. Finally, the conclusion presents other aspects of interest and provides an outline of this critical analysis illustrating the areas that have been covered and those that still need further research.
From the Field to Dining Table: Pesticides Residues
Authors: GC Y.D. , Palikhe B.R.
Published: July 2022

This review article aims to present an overview of pesticide residue, focusing from the field to dining table and on the impact on health. This study also shows that an information campaign regarding pesticide use and food safety for farmers and consumers. The methodology is based on previous research, relevant studies, published and unpublished sources and authors' own experiences. The work is only a review-based study. Food is a more basic need of man than shelter and clothing. The public is concerned about the presence of pesticide residues in foods. Pesticide residues in foods, farmers’ exposure to pesticides, and environmental pollution are serious concerns in Nepal. Risks from pesticides are high because of the lack of knowledge of farmers, limited training and awareness on the safe production of food crops, the absence of an effective code of practices, alternatives to chemical pesticide and inadequate residue monitoring Increasing awareness regarding good nutrition through quality food is creating a rise in the demand for vegetables and fruits and other crops. Despite great demand for safe vegetables, the supply of vegetables labeled as safe or organic is still limited. As growers are in a hurry to sell their produce, they do not wait or abide by the waiting period. As a result, the pesticide residues, left to variable extent in the food materials after harvesting, are beyond the control of consumer and have deleterious effect on human health. The consumer must think twice before eating veggies and biting into that fruits. Pesticides in the field do show up on our dinner plates or onto our kitchen tables. These pesticides often end up on dinner table. Consumers are not aware of food safety. The concentration of pesticide residues in the vegetable crops from the IPM field was considerably lower, suggesting a greater ability of IPM systems to reduce the dietary risks from exposure to pesticides. However, this is an alarming situation.
Електронні ресурси в роботі бібліотеки ВНЗ: стратегія використання для розвитку освітнього та наукового потенціалу вишу (з досвіду роботи бібліотеки Криворізького державного педагогічного університету)
Authors: Русначенко Тетяна Миколаївна
Published: July 2022

Розкрито поняття електронного ресурсу та визначено його специфічне значення в роботі бібліотеки вишу.
PERAN KONSELING APOTEKER TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT DENGAN SEDIAAN KHUSUS DI KETANGGUNGAN – BREBES
Authors: Suprobo Muhammad Dwi , Fadillah Nia
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Counseling is a precious job as known as pharmacists have a provide pharmaceutical services.

Counseling given to the publics for drug therapy, treatment, and the drugs with special dosage form

is very important to increase publics knowledge. The purpose of this study was to increase the

awareness of pharmacists to counseling provide to the public, and increase the public knowledge

when using the drugs with special dosage form in Ketanggungan – Brebes regency. Fifty

respondents who participated in this study with observasional cohort design. The data collection

in pre-test and post-test prospective. Analysis test used is non parametric t test using Wilcoxon

alternative test. The last education status of respondents was dominated by Senior High School and

the monthly visit to the pharmacy was less than five times as 27 respondents. The results obtained

from this study are p = 0.001 and the mean difference is 11.22 with pre-test score mean was 27,54

and post-test was 38,76. There are significant results on the knowledge of the use of drugs with

special dosage form after the pharmacist provides counseling.

Keywords: pharmacist, counsleing, drugs, pharmaceutical care, knowledge
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi & Farmasi Klinik Journal of Pharmaceutical Science & Clinical Pharmacy
Authors: Cover Cover
Published: July 2022

Pemimpin Umum/ Penanggung jawab

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Redaktur Ahli

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Terbit 2 kali setahun sejak September 2004
Principles of Civil Service as an Element of the Modern State
Authors: Gyuri Róbert , Moravčíková Michaela
Published: July 2022

The paper deals with the need for legal regulation and application of legal principles as leading legal concepts in civil service and civil service relationships in the Slovak Republic. The paper points at the central importance and content of individual civil service principles whose regulation and application are to considerably contribute to the development of modern and functioning civil service as a crucial personal element of the functioning of civil service in the Slovak Republic.
Basic Principles of Substantive Criminal Law and Identification of Their Ideological Basis in Roman Law and Canon Law
Authors: Mihálik Stanislav
Published: July 2022

In the presented paper, the author deals with the issue of the basic principles of substantive criminal law with an emphasis on their material and ideological basis in Roman law and in canon law. The author places special emphasis on the importance of Roman and canon law in connection with the possible positive enshrinement of the basic principles of substantive criminal law in the Criminal Code.
Concordance of General Clauses in Tax Law
Authors: Münnich Monika
Published: July 2022

Pursuant to their constitutional model, general clauses protect, in the most general terms, the interest: general, universal or the interest or good of an individual. Unfortunately, this clear and evident categorisation of general clauses is absent in the tax law regulations. The aim of this article is to present an exhaustive catalogue of such indeterminate expressions, encoded in the specific provisions of the general and particular tax law. The study also aims to demonstrate the problems related to the interpretation of such expressions in the process of applying the law. It should be stressed that the diversity of tax law general clauses results in problems with their unambiguous interpretation. A correct interpretation of the scope of meaning of the given general clause requires advanced knowledge on the part of the interpreter, since in tax law, the same-sounding clauses, which operate in different legal acts, refer to distinct extralegal domains. For these reasons the interpretation of such indeterminate expressions should never be limited only to a superficial, semantic (dictionary-level) explanation of the meaning of particular words.
A Workplace as the Central Institution of Labour Law. But Also an Administration Entity?
Authors: Musiała Anna
Published: July 2022

A workplace, for the sole fact of being a public administration entity, would be realising a public interest. This allegation of legality of activity, and so of realising the rule of law, would also affect different application and practice of labour law. To be brief, labour law would receive a real chance of becoming “socially just.” And this would be achieved through the authority of the state, whose structural element would be a workplace.
Constitutional Conditions of Financial Correctional Mechanism for SelfGovernment Voivodeships
Authors: Niezgoda Andrzej
Published: July 2022

Correctional and compensatory mechanism that complements own revenues as the main source of financing own tasks and allowing correction of unequal, on a country scale, distribution of potential of self-government’s own revenues, is an element of the system of selfgovernment income, including own revenues, general subsidy and grants from the state budget. The elements of this mechanism at the level of self-governing voivodeships are voivodeships’ contributions that gain a high level of own incomes from taxes and regional part of subsidy that is financed by the contributions. Fulfillment of the duty of making contributions limits autonomy of disposing own revenues by the self-government of the voivodeship. It is noteworthy, then, that shifting of financial resources between units of self-government of the same level, which is allowed by correctional and compensatory mechanism, is justified by such values and principles that are base to legal system and expressed in Constitution as justice, subsidiarity and solidarity. They cannot therefore be put aside when assessing legal regulation of voivodeship’s self-government income system.
Legal Security in the Interpretation of Tax Law
Authors: Potrzeszcz Jadwiga
Published: July 2022

This article defines the concept of legal security of the state in the sphere of public finance and the concept of legal security of the taxpayer. Subsequently, it presents a critical analysis of the legal interpretation directives that was carried out, taking into account the specificity of tax law and normatively defined institutions that guarantee the legal security of tax law recipients.
Dignitas humana and bonum commune as the Cornerstones of Human Rights in the Teaching of John Paul II
Authors: Sadowski Mirosław
Published: July 2022

It seems that the awareness of the idea of human dignity as the cornerstone of infrangible human rights has become today an axiom widely accepted in Western civilisation. Pope John Paul II played a major role in the popularisation of this idea. Undoubtedly, the teachings of John Paul II were a call not only for Catholics, but for all the people of good will – stressing that human dignity, which respects each and every life, may become the basis the most important values in society: democracy and peace. In the papal teaching set out in the encyclicals, the right to life is not only a determinant of human dignity, but also a factor which enables the development of the common good. For John Paul II, the category of human dignity became the cornerstone of human rights, and it seems to be an unconditional concept that can be accepted by all – both Christians and adherents to other faiths, as well as atheists – as the basis of society. The current pope, just like his predecessors, regards the concepts of dignitas humana and bonum commune as the cornerstones of the social teaching of the papacy. In the view of Pope Francis, human rights are derived from the inalienable human dignity.
The Acceptance by the National Electoral Commission of a Notification on the Formation of an Election Committee of a Candidate for the President of the Republic of Poland – a Gloss on the Decision of the Supreme Court of 23 March 2020, ref. no. I NSW 4/20
Authors: Bucoń Paweł
Published: July 2022

The view taken by the Supreme Court challenging the resolution of the National Electoral Commission imposing on it the obligation to accept the notification on the formation of the Election Committee of the Candidate for the President of the Republic of Poland Sławomir Grzywa does not deserve approval. The National Electoral Commission correctly applied the provisions of the Election Code by setting a deadline of three days for the submission of one thousand signatures of support due to the fact that initially the signatures were provided on sheets containing an annotation contrary to the requirement of the Act. The fact that there was coronavirus outbreak across the country during the period when the obligation to provide signatures existed could not be taken into account. The provisions of the Election Code do not specify how election activities should be carried out during the period of epidemic emergency, and the only possibility of suspending election procedures would then be the introduction of a state of emergency, which, however, was not declared.
M1 to M2 induction in macrophages using a retinoic acid-releasing mesenchymal stem cell scaffold
Authors: Assani Kaivon D. , Nosoudi Nasim , Ramirez-Vick Jaime E. , Singh Surinder P.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Modulation of macrophage polarization is required for effective tissue repair and regenerative therapies. Therapeutic modulation of macrophages from an inflammatory M1 to a fibrotic M2 phenotype could help in diseases, such as chronic wounds, which are stalled in a prolonged and heightened inflammatory stage within the wound healing process. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the efficiency of a pullulan/gelatin nanofiber scaffold loaded with retinoic acid (RA) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) to modulate M1 to M2 anti-inflammatory transition. METHODS: Scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning, and crosslinked using ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE). Exposure of RA and/or ASCs to cultured macrophages have been shown to promote M1 to M2 transition. Pullulan was chosen as a scaffold material due to its ability to quench reactive oxygen species, key signaling molecules that play an important role in the progression of inflammation, as well as for its excellent mechanical properties. Gelatin was chosen as an additional scaffold component due to the presence of cell-binding motifs and its biocompatibility. Scaffold compositions examined were 75:25 and 50:50, pullulan:gelatin. The scaffolds were crosslinked in 1:70 and 1:50 EGDE:EtOH. The scaffold composition was determined via FTIR. For the present study, the 75:25 pullulan:gelatin crosslinked with 1:70 EGDE:EtOH, forming nanofibers 328 ± 47.9 nm (mean ± SD) in diameter, was chosen as the scaffold composition due to its lower degradation and release rate, which allows a sustained delivery of RA. RESULTS: The scaffold composition degraded to approximately 80% after 14 days, with approximately 38% of the drug released after 7 days. THP-1 monocytic cells were induced into a M1 macrophage phenotype through stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ). These M1 macrophages were the exposed to scaffolds loaded with RA and ASCs, to induce differentiation to an M2 phenotype. CONCLUSION: Gene expression quantitation by qPCR showed a reduction of M1 biomarkers, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 1β (IL1β), and an increase of M2 biomarker CCL22 after 2 days of exposure, suggesting successful M1 to M2 transition.
Effects of RGD-fused silk fibroin in a solution format on fibroblast proliferation and collagen production
Authors: Aytemiz Derya G. , Kambe Yusuke , Hirata Mitsunobu , Nishi Hirohito , Kameda Tsunenori
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Collagen production in fibroblasts is important for skin tissue repair. Cell-adhesive Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptides immobilized on scaffolds stimulate fibroblast collagen production, but RGD peptides in solution exhibit opposite effects. Transgenic silkworm technology enables the design of fusion positions for RGD peptides in silk fibroin molecules. The effect of RGD-fused silk fibroin in solution on fibroblast cell activity remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the effects of RGD peptides fused to silk fibroin heavy (H)-chain or light (L)-chain on fibroblast proliferation and collagen production when RGD-fused silk fibroin proteins were added to the culture medium. METHODS: Silk fibers with RGD-fused H-chains (H-RGD) or L-chains (L-RGD) were degummed, dissolved, and dialyzed to prepare H-RGD or L-RGD aqueous solutions, respectively. These solutions were added to the fibroblast medium, and their proliferation and collagen production were quantified. RESULTS: Both L- and H-RGD stimulated fibroblast proliferation at a similar level, even in a solution format, but L-RGD promoted fibroblast collagen production significantly, indicating the synergistic effect of the native H-chain and RGD-fused L-chain. CONCLUSION: RGD-fused silk fibroin in solution stimulated fibroblast proliferation and collagen production, depending on the fusion position of the peptides.
Effects of cross-training on motor function and length of stay after total hip arthroplasty: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hasebe Yuki , Akasaka Kiyokazu , Otsudo Takahiro , Hall Toby , Yamamoto Mitsuru
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus about which training methods will give better early outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short-term effects of cross trainer exercise on physical function and walking ability following THA. METHODS: Fifty patients who underwent THA were randomly allocated into two groups. The intervention program was started 3 days after surgery. The main physical function results were pain, hip range of motion, knee extensor strength, single-leg stance time, and walking performance test. In addition, the number of days of requiring to walk and the length of hospital stay were recorded. RESULTS: In the comparison between groups at discharge, the patients in the cross trainer group had significantly less hip pain while walking, improvement in knee extensor strength, increased single-leg stance time, as well as increased walking speed and stride length at discharge. The number of days required to walk and length of stay were also significantly lower in the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: Conclusions: Cross trainer exercise commencing 3 days postoperatively improves physical function and walking ability after THA.
The effects of short foot exercises to treat flat foot deformity: A systematic review
Authors: Hara Shigeyuki , Kitano Masashi , Kudo Shintarou
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Studies on the effects of performing short foot exercises (SFEs) on the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) have been inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the effects of SFEs. METHODS: ‘SFE’ and ‘intrinsic foot muscle’ were keywords used to search for randomized controlled trials. One researcher screened relevant articles based on their titles and abstracts, and two independent researchers closely read the texts, accepting nine studies for inclusion. Outcomes, intervention duration, frequency, and the number of interventions were investigated. RESULTS: Of 299 potential studies identified, the titles and abstracts of 211 studies were reviewed, and 192 were excluded. The full texts of 21 studies were obtained and evaluated according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Six studies concerning the MLA were identified, with four reporting MLA improvement. There was no consensus concerning the number and frequency of SFEs performed, and the mechanism of MLA improvement was unclear. MLA improvement was observed in participants who undertook ⩾ 5 weeks of interventions. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that performing SFEs for ⩾ 5 weeks is effective in improving the MLA. Randomized controlled trials with details concerning the number and frequency of treatments are required.