bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Circulating and Tissue microRNAs as Biomarkers for Ovarian Cancer Prognosis
Authors: Parizadeh Seyed Mostafa , Jafarzadeh-Esfehani Reza , Ghandehari Maryam , Hasanzadeh Malihe , Parizadeh Seyed Mohammad Reza , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Rezaei-Kalat Afsaneh , Aghabozorgi Amirsaeed Sabeti , Rahimi-Kakhki Rana , Zargaran Bita , Ferns Gordon A , Avan Amir
Published: July 2019

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common cancers globally with a high rate of cancer-
associated mortality. OC may be classified into epithelial cell neoplasms, germ cell neoplasms and
stromal cell neoplasms. The five-year survival in the early and advanced stages of disease is approximately
90% and 15%, respectively. microRNAs are short, single-stranded, non-coding ribonucleic
acid (RNA). miRNAs play critical roles in post transcriptionally regulations of gene expression. miRNAs
are found in different tissues and body fluids. In carcinogenesis the expression of miRNAs are
altered. Recent studies have revealed that there is a relationship between alteration of miRNAs expression
and the prognosis of patients with OC. The aim of this review was to summarize the findings of
recent studies that have investigated the expression of circulating and tissue miRNAs as novel biomarkers
in the prognosis of OC.
Design, Synthesis and Antimicrobial Study of Novel 1-(1,3-benzothiazol-2- yl)-3-chloro-4H-spiro[azetidine-2,3'-indole]-2',4(1'H)-diones Through Ketene– imine Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Gandhi Divyani , Sethiya Ayushi , Agarwal Dinesh Kr. , Prajapat Prakash , Agarwal Shikha
Published: July 2019

:

The present study deals with the synthesis of novel 1-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-chloro-4Hspiro[
azetidine-2,3'-indole]-2',4(1'H)-dione derivatives from the reaction of 3-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-
ylimino)-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one derivatives with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine
(TEA). The mechanism involved simple acid or base catalysed reaction through the formation of
Schiff base followed by cyclisation via ketene–imine cycloaddition reaction. All synthesized compounds
were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and elemental analysis. The antimicrobial
activities of the synthesized derivatives 5a-5g were examined via Micro Broth Dilution method against
bacterial strains Bacillius subtilis, Staphylcoccus aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and fungal strain Candida
albicans for determining MIC values. Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and griseofulvin were used as
standard drugs.

:

The MIC values for antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds were examined using Micro
Broth Dilution method. Compounds 5a, 5b, and 5c were found effective against E. coli (MTCC 442)
and P.aeruginosa (MTCC 441) and all compounds showed moderate to excellent activity against
Streptococcus aureus (MTCC 96) and Bacillius subtilis (MTCC 441). Regarding the antifungal screening,
compounds 5a, 5b, and 5c exhibited excellent activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227.
1-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-chloro-4H-spiro[azetidine-2,3'-indole]-2',4(1'H)-dione derivatives may be
used as potential lead molecules as effective antimicrobial agents.
Iodine Bonded with Milk Protein Inhibits Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Development in Rats
Authors: Bespalov Vladimir G. , Alexandrov Valerii A. , Tochilnikov Grigory V. , Lukin Dmitrii Е. , Zhilinskaya Nadezhda T. , Semenov Alexandr L. , Vasilyeva Irina N. , Romanov Vladimir A. , Tumanyan Irina A. , Ermakova Elena D. , Kovalevskaya Elizaveta I. , Barakova Nadezhda V. , Baranenko Denis A.
Published: July 2019

Background:

There is some evidence that Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) may increase the risk of developing prostate cancer, so conducting research on effective BPH inhibitors is important.

Objective:

This research studied the inhibitory effect of Iodized Serum Milk Protein (ISMP) on BPH in rats. ISMP is a concentrate of lactic protein containing 2.2% iodine.

Methods:

Male Wistar rats, aged 18 months, were used. In the intact control group, sunflower oil was administered intragastrically by gavage. In 36 rats, BPH was induced by surgical castration, followed by subcutaneous injections of prolonged testosterone - omnadren, 25mg/kg every other day (7 administrations). One group of rats served as BPH-control. ISMP and finasteride (positive control), dissolved in sunflower oil, were administered to rats intragastrically daily at a dose of 200μg/kg and 5mg/kg, respectively, for 4 weeks starting immediately after castration.

Results:

ISMP inhibited the development of BPH in rats, significantly reducing the mass of the prostate and its parts (except for the anterior lobes) by 1.1-1.3 times and the prostatic index (the ratio of prostate weight to the body weight) - by 1.3-1.4 times. Finasteride inhibited the development of BPH, and its activity was higher (by 1.1-1.3 times) than in ISMP.

:

Histological analysis of the prostate showed fewer pronounced morphological hyperplasia signs in animals treated with ISMP or finasteride.

Conclusion:

The iodine-containing preparation ISMP has the ability to inhibit the development of BPH in rats although its activity is somewhat lower than that of finasteride.
Carica papaya: Potential Implications in Human Health
Authors: Heena Dave , Sunil Trivedi
Published: July 2019

Background:

Carica papaya, a tree-like herb, is cultivated in more than 50 tropical
and subtropical countries worldwide. The parts [leaves, fruit (ripe and unripe), seeds and
latex] are used as food as well as traditional medicine in several ways for a number of diseases.
Papaya, with a variety of phytochemicals like carotenoids, polyphenols, benzyl isothiocynates,
benzyl glucosinates, prunasin (cyanogenic substrate), papain and chymopapain, alkaloids,
phenolic compounds, flavonoids, vitamins (A, C, E), carotenoids, cyanogenicglucosides,
cystatin, and glucosinolates exhibits significant health benefits ranging from digestive
to immune modulation. These compounds have antioxidant, chemoprotective, anti-diabetic,
anti-bacterial, anti-plasmodial and anti-fungal activities. Papaya aqueous leaf extract was
evaluated for immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities through cytokine modulation
with Th1 type shift in human immune system through molecular studies. The platelet augmenting
potential of aqueous leaf extract has been reported in numerous clinical studies and
deserves special mention.

Objective:

The scientific knowledge of carica papaya in the post-genomic era including molecular
studies and clinical trials is discussed in the review.

Methods:

The published literature on botany, chemical composition, ethnopharmacology,
and uses of papaya in food and medical industry was searched through databases like Pub-
Med, Scopus, and Google scholar to comprehend the benefits of Carica papaya for human
use with around more than 600 published peer- reviewed papers.

Results:

Many traditional and novel uses of Carica papaya for the human benefit are detailed
in the review that significantly adds to the scientific knowledge of curious readers.

Conclusion:

Each component of the papaya plant is rich in phytochemicals and is economically
important. Most of the phytochemicals are linked to biological functions and influence
a variety of cellular processes; hence they have implications in refining human health.
Categorizing Declarative Speech Acts in English – Arabic Political Translation: A Pragmatic Study
Authors: Mohammed Wafaa Dahham
Published: July 2019

Declarative speech acts are those acts that affect immediate changes in the world via their utterance. The specification of declarative speech acts raises problematic area as not all declarative utterances serve out performatively. The specificity of pragmatic conditions of declarative acts lead to another problem in that setting out the same function and affecting the same immediate change would not similarly be lexicalized in the two different natural languages. Therefore, declarative speech acts will pose difficulties for translators if they are unaware of categorizing their pragmatic conditions appropriately and integrating their process interpreting with affecting immediate perlocutionary purposively. Accordingly, it aims at: 1) setting some felicity conditions for determining sensibly whether the specified declarative expressions serve out performatively as genuine declarative acts or not. 2-Examining whether English declarative acts are perceived performatively in Arabic. 3- Exercising to what extents do the translators transfer declarative intentioned effects. and 4- Proposing certain pragmatic parameters for interpreting situational bounded expressions and providing some remedies for mistranslated verbs. The objective of the study is fairly confined to a number of declarative acts selected from dialogues, comments, statements and debates of English TV (e.g. Al-Jazeera TV, BBC, among many others). The main result shows that declarative acts are performatively influenced by contextual nature. The result also shows that many declarative expressions can alternatively name different illocutionary act. From functional perspective, the perception of English declarative acts is different from the Arabic one. Thus, the most accurate rendering of declarations is based on the correspondence between perception and immediate perloctionary affects.
Development of a Living Lab for a Mobile-Based Health Program for Korean-Chinese Working Women in South Korea: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Youlim , Lee Hyeonkyeong , Lee Mi Kyung , Lee Hyeyeon , Jang Hyoeun
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND

Korean-Chinese (KC) women make up the largest group of female migrants in South Korea. To prevent and manage chronic diseases in middle-aged KC women working full time, it is necessary to develop health promotion programs that utilize an online platform because such a platform would allow individuals to participate in health promotion interventions at their convenience.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop a living lab for a mobile-based health (LLm Health) program focused on improving the physical activity and cultural adaptation of KC women workers.

METHODS

We used a mixed methods design. Living lab principles were factored into the LLm Health program, including the use of multiple methods, user engagement, multistakeholder participants, real-life settings, and cocreation. The program was developed using the 4 steps of the intervention mapping method: needs assessment, setting of objectives, identification of intervention strategies, and intervention design. Needs assessment was conducted through a literature review, focus group interviews with a total of 16 middle-aged KC women, and an online survey related to health promotion of migrant workers given to 38 stakeholders. KC middle-aged women participated in the early stages of program development and provided the idea of developing programs and mobile apps to enhance physical activity and acculturation. The mobile app developed in the program was validated with the help of 12 KC women and 4 experts, including 3 nursing professors and a professor of physical education. They were asked to rate each item based on content, interface design, and technology on a 4-point scale using a 23-item Smartphone App Evaluation Tool for Health Care.

RESULTS

The LLm Health program comprised a 24-week walking program using Fitbit devices, the mobile app, and social cognitive interventions. The mobile app contained 6 components: a step counter, an exercise timer, an online chat function, health information, level of cardiovascular risk, and health status. The cultural aspects and lifestyles of KC women were accommodated in the entire process of program development. The content validity of the mobile app was found to be 0.90 and 0.96 according to the 12 KC women and 4 experts, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The mobile app was found to be valid and acceptable for KC women. The living lab approach was a useful strategy for developing a culturally adaptive LLm Health program for KC women workers, leading to their active participation in the overall research process, including needs assessment, program composition, and pre-evaluation.
A Cultural Study on Linguistic Metaphors of Love in Poetry
Authors: Thu Ho Trinh Quynh , Hoa Phan Van
Published: July 2019

Language is one of the cultural factors. Love, an abstract concept is mainly interpreted by metaphors which are considered as part of culture. It is consequently inevitable that the linguistic metaphors of love are under the influence of culture. In this research, we centre on investigating cultural factors in linguistic metaphors of romantic love in Vietnamese modern poetry, and then compare them to those in English. It is shown in our findings that linguistic metaphors of romantic love are considerably influenced by lifestyles, habits and customs and geographical conditions. Therefore, there are many variations in the ways of expressing romantic love between Vietnamese and English although the conceptualization is chiefly similar.
POTENTIAL OF CELLULASE OF PENICILLIUM VERMICULATUM FOR PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE PRODUCED FROM α-CELLULOSE OF KAPOK PERICARPIUM (CEIBA PENTANDRA)
Authors: SURYADI HERMAN , SUTRIYO  , Junnisa Mira , LESTARI YULIANITA PRATIWI INDAH
Published: July 2019

Objective: This study aimed to find psychochemical properties of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) obtained from α-cellulose kapok pericarpium. Methods: The cellulase activity was screened by clear zone and sugar reduction method. The enzym from selected mold was purified by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) chromatography. α-cellulose of kapok pericarpium was hydrolyzed using the purified cellulase enzymes. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, and qualitative analysis test. The samples were characterized for pH test, x-ray diffraction (XRD), and particle size analyzer (PSA). Results: The optimum cellulase activity was shown by Penicillium vermiculatum. It’s clear zone diameter around 3 cm and the cellulase activity was 67.73±0.25 mU/ml. The strongest cellulase activity was detected from 1st fraction (P1) out of 6 column fractions with optimum activity at 1.177±2 mU/ml. The optimal conditions for microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) preparation were at 50 ˚C, for 2 ours, using 20 ml of acetate buffer pH 5 and 2 ml of cellulase enzyme. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) obtained at 78% w/w and its FTIR spectrum and x-ray diffractogram similar to reference while the pH of MCC was fulfilled requirements of The United States Pharmacopoeia 2007. Conclusion: The use of purified enzyme of cellulase has succeded in microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) preparation andmicrocrystalline cellulose (MCC) obtained was 78% w/w, with similar characteristics to reference (Avicel PH 101) and the pH of MCC was fulfilled requirements of The United States Pharmacopoeia 2007.
SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE ENHANCEMENT OF EZETIMIBE BY SOLID DISPERSION AND PELLETIZATION TECHNIQUES USING SOLUPLUS AS CARRIER
Authors: Kunam Viswanadh , Suryadevara Vidyadhara , Garikapati Devala Rao , Mandava Venkata Basaveswara Rao , Sasidhar RLC
Published: July 2019

Objective: In the present investigation, an attempt was made to improve the surface characters and solubility of the drug by solid dispersion and coating it on the nonpareil sugar beads as pellets.

Methods: Ezetimibe solid dispersions were prepared by kneading method using soluplus. Crospovidone was added as a disintegrant in pellets. Ezetimibe pellets were prepared by dissolving soluplus and crospovidone in ethanol in different ratios and coated on nonpareil sugar beads as a drug layer by pan coating technique. Various physicochemical parameters like particle size, friability, angle of repose and drug content were evaluated for the prepared solid dispersions and pellet formulations. In vitro dissolution studies were carried out in 1% SLS using USP apparatus II. FTIR and SEM analysis were performed for solid dispersions, pellet formulations and its polymers to determine the interactions and surface characteristics.

Results: The physicochemical parameters were within the specified I. P limits. It was observed that the solid dispersion formulation ED5 showed better dissolution rate to the extent of 1.07 folds and 1.95 folds when compared to a marketed formulation and the pure drug, respectively. Similarly, pellet formulation EP5 containing 1:5 ratio of ezetimibe to soluplus showed an improved dissolution rate to the extent of 1.173 folds and 2.136 folds when compared to the marketed formulation and the pure drug, respectively. FTIR analysis revealed that there was no major interaction between the drug and the excipients. 

Conclusion: From the present study, it was observed that the solubility of ezetimibe was enhanced by soluplus in pellet formulations when compared to solid dispersions.
The DEVELOPMENT OF A VALIDATED STABILITY INDICATING LC-MS METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE USING QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH
Authors: SAHA CHANDNI , GUPTA N. VISHAL , CHANDAN R. S. , P. SHANMUKHA PRIYA
Published: July 2019

Objective: To develop a validated Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) method through Quality by Design (QbD) approach for the determination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (tenofovir DF) in bulk, pharmaceutical formulation and stress conditions.

Methods: The analytical target profile (ATP) was to develop a simple, accurate, precise, specific, and robust method with the Critical Quality Attribute (CQA) being retention time, theoretical plate and peak tailing. Derived from the risk assessment studies, four high-risk factors were screened using resolution V irregular fraction design. Organic modifier strength, flow rate and injection volume were further optimized using Box-Behnken design (BBD). The optimized method condition was validated and applied for the determination of the analyte in pharmaceutical formulation. The stability of the analyte in stress conditions was determined. All experiments were performed using reverse-phase Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (1.7 µm, 1 mm X 50 mm) column coupled in-line with Synapt G2 mass spectrometer in positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode with electron multiplier analog-to-digital detector.

Results: Optimized method condition eluted analyte at 3.40 min and the m/z 520 ratified the analyte peak. The method was validated and was found to be specific, linear in the range of 20-100 µg/ml (R2 = 0.9998) with accuracy between 98.71% - 101.17% and precise. The limit of detection and quantification were 5.50 µg/ml and 16.68 µg/ml respectively. Analyte degraded completely in acid and basic environment, however, stable in oxidative and photolytic conditions.

Conclusion: The validated method developed through the systematic and rational QbD approach bespoke superior quality. The QbD approach not only justified the entire process but also eliminated uncertainties.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SOMATOSTATIN ANALOGUE TABLETS
Authors: SHPRAKH ZOYA , ORLOVA OLGA , OBOROTOVA NATALYA , BUNYATYAN NATALYA
Published: July 2019

Objective: This study was undertaken with the aim of the formulation and evaluation of hypothalamic hormone somatostatin analogue tablets, which are intended for neuroendocrine tumours treatment.

Methods: Tablets were prepared by using the wet granulation method and evaluated for weight variation, resistance to crushing, friability, disintegration time, content and content uniformity. Stability tests have been performed.

Results: Characteristics of somatostatin analogue cyphetrylin powder have been investigated, and the wet granulation method has been chosen to prepare tablets. Technical pharmaceutical properties of formulations of different compositions and obtained tablets were estimated and the best formulation CF11 has been established with appropriate characteristics: disintegration time less than 15 min, resistance to crushing more than 30 kg·m·s−2, weight variation ˂7.5 %, active substance content closed to the nominal quantity and consistent cyphetrylin distribution in the batch. Performed examinations showed cyphetrylin tablets stability in the long-term study.

Conclusion: Because of somatostatin analogue cyphetrylin powder properties tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method with starch, lactose, povidone, talc, microcrystalline cellulose, calcium stearate and magnesium stearate as excipients. The best formulation including povidone has characteristics corresponding to requirements of European Pharmacopoeia (PhEur) and State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (PhRu). Examination of cyphetrylin tablets showed its quality and stability within the time of observation–12 mo.
EFFECT OF STERILIZATION BY HEATING IN THE PRESENCE OF BACTERICIDE AND BACTERIAL FILTERED MEMBRANE ON THE STABILITY OF EYE DROPS CONTAINING 0.5% CHLORAMPHENICOL AT VARIOUS pH
Authors: FITRI KUSUMA SRI AGUNG , ABDASSAH MARLINE
Published: July 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine a sterile 0.5% chloramphenicol eye drop formula with the best potency of antibacterial by determining the appropriate sterilization method and the supporting pH.

Methods: 0.5% chloramphenicol was formulated with 0.01% thimerosal, which act as a bactericide and combines with borate buffer to produce eye drop formulas with variations in pH (6.8, 7.0 and 7.4). All formulas were stored at room temperature for 28 d and were evaluated, including: organoleptic of the preparations, sterility, pH stability, and the antibacterial potency of chloramphenicol in eye drops.

Results: All dosage formulas did not undergo photodegradation reactions which were marked by no change in color until the end of the storage period. However, the formula with pH 6.8 which was sterilized by heating in a presence of bactericide, showed the presence of more particulate precipitates than in the pH 6.8 formula which was sterilized using membrane filter bacteria. However, both methods of sterilization produced sterile chloramphenicol eye drops. The preparation using a method of heat sterilization with bactericide decreased the pH greater than the preparation using a sterile bacterial filter sterilization method. C2 preparations at pH 7.0 and sterilized using the bacterial filter membrane sterilization method were more stable because they had the smallest pH change of 0.05 and the percentage reduction in antibacterial potential was smaller at 1.15%.

Conclusion: The best treatment for the chloramphenicol eye drop was kept the pH formula at pH 7 and sterilized using bacterial filter membrane sterilization method.
CHARACTERIZATION AND HYPOGLYCEMIC STUDY OF ISOLATED NATURAL POLYMER FROM THE STEM OF MANILKARA HEXANDRA (ROXB.) DUBARD
Authors: MONISHA S. IRUDAYA , VIMALA J. ROSALINE
Published: July 2019

Objective: In the present study, the isolated natural polymer from the stem of Manilkara hexandra and their physiochemical parameters were investigated. It is further involved in hypoglycemic studies.

Methods: The gum exudates were screened for phytochemicals, physicochemically analyzed for solubility, pH, total ash, moisture content, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, sulfated ash, flow property, and it is characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) studies (13Carbon and 1Proton) and it was examined in vitro studies by hypoglycaemic activity.

Results: The isolated gum extracted from the stem of Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard ash values were found to be low. The gum is found to be hygroscopic in nature due to its high moisture content (0.9131±0.03). Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectra show relevant functional groups for gum, which is further confirmed by resonance spectral studies. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that the gum is amorphous as well as crystalline in nature. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image confirms that the gum particles have irregular size and shape. Sugar composition analysis by Thin Layer Chromatography indicated the presence of rhamnose, arabinose. The in vitro study of hypoglycemic activity shows the best report compared with the standard. The experimental evidence offers scope to use this natural polymer in the food and pharmaceutical industry.

Conclusion: The isolated natural polymer shows good result in hypoglycemic studies compared with standard.
MULTIPARTICULATE FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF ANAGLIPTIN: DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION FOR ITS EFFICACY IN MANAGEMENT OF METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: MISHRA RAKESH V. , DHOLE SHASHIKANT N.
Published: July 2019

Objective: The present research aims to design and optimize gastroretentive floating pellets of anagliptin (a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor), so as to reduce P-Glycoprotein (PGP)–mediated efflux in the intestine hence to improve oral bioavailability.

Methods: The drug-containing core pellets were prepared by extrusion and spheronization process followed by subsequent coating with three successive layers i.e. Eudragit RS 100, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3): hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5LV (HPMC E5LV) and Eudragit RL 100 using fluidized bed processor. A 3 level 3 factor box-behnken design was adopted to investigate the effect of Eudragit RS 100, NaHCO3: HPMC E5LVand Eudragit RL 100 on floating lag time and drug release at 10 h. Desirability function under numerical optimization technique was used to identify the optimum formulation.

Results: The study reveals the significant effect of the amount of NaHCO3 and coating level of polymers on floating lag time and drug release. The optimum system could float within 4 min and exhibited more than 85% drug release in 10 h. The pharmacokinetic study conducted in male Wistar rats indicated 2.51 fold increase in relative bioavailability of optimized formulation compare to anagliptin drug. Formulated anagliptin pellets were evaluated in cafeteria diet-induced metabolic syndrome model in male Wistar rats. Anagliptin floating pellets treatment compared to cafeteria diet group significantly inhibited increase in body weight (238.79±2.52 g vs. 277.98±3.69 g, P<0.001), calorie intake (2283.99 kcal vs. 3086.05 kcal, P<0.05) and serum levels of total cholesterol (95.19±0.61 mg/dl vs. 110.04±1.31 mg/dl, P<0.01), triglycerides (96.12±1.25 mg/dl vs. 105.99±1.29 mg/dl, P<0.01) while high-density lipoproteins levels were improved (42.15±0.92 mg/dl vs. 30.92±0.77 mg/dl, P<0.01) indicated its hypophagic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects.

Conclusion: The gastroretentive floating pellets of anagliptin was obtained and could be a promising technique to deliver anagliptin with improved bioavailability in the management of the metabolic syndrome.
PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK BRIKET GAMBUT RAWA PENING TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BATANG BAWAH TANAMAN KARET DALAM ROOT TRAINER
Authors: Putra Riko Cahya , Widyasari Titik , Achmad Saiful Rodhian
Published: July 2019

Media tanam yang biasa digunakan untuk pembibitan tanaman karet dalam root trainer adalah cocopeat. Kemampuan cocopeat dalam menyimpan hara dapat ditingkatkan dengan pemberian pupuk organik. Salah satu sumber pupuk organik yang cukup banyak dan dapat dibuat menjadi briket adalah gambut rawa pening. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik briket gambut rawa pening terhadap pertumbuhan batang bawah tanaman karet pada media cocopeat dalam root trainer. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Balai Penelitian Getas, Salatiga, Jawa Tengah pada bulan Februari sampai Oktober 2016. Percobaan terdiri atas enam perlakuan dengan 10 ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah: 1) kontrol; 2) pupuk NPK cair; 3) 1 pupuk organik briket + pupuk NPK cair; 4) 2 pupuk organik briket + pupuk NPK cair; 5) 1 pupuk organik briket + tanpa pupuk NPK cair; 6) 2 pupuk organik briket + tanpa pupuk NPK cair. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk organik briket rawa pening yang dikombinasikan dengan pupuk NPK cair dapat meningkatkan bobot tanaman dan bobot akar dibandingkan perlakuan pupuk NPK cair. Perlakuan 2 pupuk organik briket + pupuk NPK cair menunjukkan efektivitas agronomi relatif (EAR) tertinggi sebesar 546% yang dapat dicapai dengan penambahan biaya pemupukan sebesar IDR 424,- per tanaman (443,0%) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan pupuk NPK cair.
Prediksi Zona Tangkapan Ikan Menggunakan Citra Klorofil-a dan Citra Suhu Permukaan Laut Satelit Aqua MODIS di Perairan Aceh Jaya
Authors: - Mursyidin -
Published: July 2019

Abstrak - Salah  satu  upaya  yang  dapat  dilakukan  untuk  memprediksi  zona tangkapan ikan a d a l a h dengan memanfaatkan citra satelit. Klorofil-a dan suhu permukaan laut parameter yang dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi area yang berpotensi untuk penangkapan ikan. Penelitian ini untuk akan memprediksi area yang berpotensi untuk penangkapan ikan berdasarkan sebaran SPL dan sebaran klorofil-a di perairan Aceh Jaya. Dan menyajikan area potensi penangkapan ikan dalam bentuk Peta yang mudah dimengerti oleh nelayan. Tahapan-tahapan yang dilakukan, pengumpulan citra, pemotongan citra sesuai dengan daerah yang diinginkan, ekstrak informasi klorofil-a dan sebaran suhu permukaan laut, dan interpolasi dengan menggunakan metode Kriging. zona potensi panangkapan di perairan Aceh jaya hanya terdeteksi pada bulan November dan Desember  yang  tersebar di sepanjang pesisir pantai perairan Aceh jaya . Perairan Aceh sangat cocok dijadikan daerah untuk penangkapan ikan pada bulan November dan Desember dikarenakan pada bulan November dan Desember perairan Aceh jaya memiliki kandungan sebaran klorofil-a yang tinggi dan terdapat adanya suhu permukaan laut yang sesuai untuk penangkapan ikan yaitu antara 26 0C – 29 0C.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning untuk meningkatkan keaktifan siswa Kelas XI Pada Mata Pelajaran Perekayasaan Sistem Radio dan Televisi di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Banda Aceh
Authors: Rizki Ikhsan , Marzuki Marzuki , Sadrina Sadrina
Published: July 2019

Penerapan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) merupakan model pendekatan pembelajaran yang menekankan pada aktivitas siswa baik aktivitas berfikir, berperilaku dan berketerampilan dalam memecahkan suatu masalah yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keaktifan siswa. Guru menyampaikan tujuan, pokok-pokok pembelajaran, melaksanakan diskusi kelompok, latihan soal, memberikan motivasi belajar dan kesimpulan pada mata pelajaran Perekayasaan Sistem Radio dan Televisi siswa kelas XI SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Setiap siklus dilakukan satu kali pertemuan dimulai dengan tahapan perencanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi tindakan dan refleksi. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan tes. Analisis data dilakukan dengan perbandingan antara hasil tes pada siklus 1 dan siklus 2 dengan teknik deskriptif. Artinya dari data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini disajikan apa adanya kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai fakta yang ada dan mendiskripsikan sesuai dengan fenomena. Sedangkan untuk mengukur aktivitas siswa menggunakan sistem rata-rata kelas pada hasil evaluasi tiap siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas belajar siswa kelas XI SMK 1 Muhammadiyah 1 Banda Aceh dalam pembelajaran mata Pelajaran Perekayasaan Radio dan Televisi mengalami peningkatan, hal ini ditunjukkan berdasarkan hasil observasi aktivitas siswa diperoleh informasi bahwa adanya peningkatan dalam aktivitas listening dari 86% menjadi 95%, oral dari 45% menjadi 80%, emotional dari 65% menjadi 88%, visual dari 40% menjadi 90%, writing dari 60% menjadi 83%, motor dari 40% menjadi 80%, dan mental dari 60% menjadi 86%. Peningkatan nilai rata-rata kelas dari siklus I ke siklus II meningkat sebesar 4,16% yaitu dari 91 menjadi 95. Pada siklus 2 kategori nilai sangat tinggi siswa meningkat dari 10 siswa menjadi 9 siswa.
Tres lógicas de acción y reacción para la monopolización de los mercados de semillas en Colombia
Authors: Silva Garzon Diego
Published: July 2019

Además del avance de las leyes de propiedad intelectual y de la criminalización de las semillas no certificadas, la monopolización de los mercados de semillas incluye el despliegue de estrategias narrativas. Mediante el análisis de tres conflictos alrededor de las semillas transgénicas de algodón en Colombia, se analizan tres narrativas que le sirven al ICA y a las multinacionales semilleras para atribuir éxito a las semillas transgénicas y para evadir responsabilidades cuando estas tienen un pobre desempeño. Me refiero a narrativas de elección, de cuidado y de descalificación que son construidas ignorando la intervención del Estado en la construcción de mercados, el trabajo de los agricultores en el cuidado de las semillas y las características singulares de las semillas convencionales “acriolladas” en los ecosistemas locales.
DEFISIENSI BESI PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR PRANIKAH OBESITAS
Authors: Dieny Fillah Fithra , Widyastuti Nurmasari , Fitranti Deny Yudi , Nissa Choirun , Tsani Fahmy Arif , Jauharany Firdananda Fikri
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakang. Wanita usia subur (WUS) terutama di Indonesia saat ini menghadapi masalah gizi ganda yang kompleks. Obesitas merupakan salah satu masalah gizi yang paling banyak dialami oleh WUS. Anemia merupakan satu sisi lain dari masalah gizi ganda yang banyak dialami di negara berkembang. Obesitas diketahui memiliki hubungan dengan anemia pada WUS. Tujuan. Menganalisis status besi pada WUS pranikah dengan status gizi obesitas dan non obesitas. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada 50 mahasiswi Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Subjek berusia 18-25 tahun dan dipilih dengan metode systematic random sampling. Subjek terdiri dari 25 mahasiswi obesitas dan 25 mahasiswi non obesitas. Status besi diukur melalui serum besi, serum Transferrin Saturation (TSAT), dan Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC). Status obesitas dilihat melalui pengukuran antropometri persen lemak tubuh. Uji T tidak berpasangan digunakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan status besi pada WUS pranikah obesitas dan non obesitas. Hasil. Ada perbedaan kadar serum besi (p=0,027), TIBC (p=0,034), dan TSAT (p=0,004) antara kelompok obesitas dan non obesitas. Kadar serum besi kelompok obesitas lebih rendah, ditunjukkan dengan rerata sebesar 83,99±20,66 μg/dl pada kelompok obesitas, sedangkan kelompok non obesitas sebesar 99,2±26,03 μg/dl. Kadar TIBC kelompok obesitas lebih tinggi dilihat dari reratanya sebesar 420,98±47,22 μg/dl, sedangkan kelompok non obesitas 389,94±53,35 μg/dl. Pengukuran TSAT menunjukkan kelompok obesitas memiliki kadar yang lebih rendah ditunjukkan dengan reratanya 20,13±5,27%, sedangkan kelompok non obesitas memiliki rerata sebesar 25,99±7,92%. Kesimpulan. Kelompok obesitas memiliki rata-rata kadar serum besi dan TSAT lebih rendah serta rata-rata kadar TIBC lebih tinggi.
Encontrar y decir al otro. Reflexiones en torno a la entrevista de personalidad
Authors: Salas Bértold
Published: July 2019

Se reflexiona —desde el periodismo— sobre el quehacer periodístico, y específicamente sobre el género de la entrevista de personalidad, de perfil o semblanza periodística. Se consideran las dimensiones epistemológica y ética: primero, cuando el reportero se encuentra con el entrevistado, y segundo, cuando se enfrenta con el material y lo transforma en un producto periodístico.
Hydrothermal treatment of sugars to obtain high-value products
Authors: Gagic Tanja , Perva-Uzunalic Amra , Knez Zeljko , Skerget Mojca
Published: July 2019

In the present work, the degradation of different sugars, such as lactose, cellobiose, sucrose, galactose, glucose, fructose and xylose, was performed in batch reactor with subcritical water at temperature of 250?C and reaction time of 1, 5 and 15 min. The yields of water-soluble phase, acetonesoluble phase, solid residue and gases were determined. The influence of reaction time and difference in sugar structure on the yield of phases and conversion of sugars was studied. Sugars with keto- and furanose structures were less stable than aldo- and pyranose-sugars. The most stable sugars were aldo-hexoses (galactose and glucose). The water-soluble fraction, which is composed of sugars and their derivatives, was analyzed by HPLC using RI and UV detectors. The detected degradation products by HPLC were: 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), furfural, erythrose, sorbitol, 1,6-anhydroglucose, glycolaldehyde, glycerlaldehyde, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, pyruvaldehyde, formic, levulinic, lactic, oxalic and succinic acids.
Impact of Diabetes Self-Management Education on Psychological Distress and Health Outcomes Among African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos With Diabetes
Authors: Peña-Purcell Ninfa , Han Gang , Lee Smith Matthew , Peterson Rick , Ory Marcia G.
Published: July 2019

Purpose.

Diabetes self-management education and support (DSME/S) is an effective strategy to improve health outcomes. However, little is known about the impact of formal DSME/S on psychological distress among minority populations. The study purposes were to 1) explore the impact of a culturally tailored DSME/S intervention on psychological distress and diabetes-related outcomes among African-American and Hispanic/Latino participants and 2) examine differences across groups in self-care, self-efficacy, diabetes knowledge, and psychological distress.

Methods.

Using a pre- and post-test research design, baseline and post-test assessments were conducted at weeks 1 and 7 of the intervention, respectively. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics for demographic variables and four outcomes (self-care, self-efficacy, knowledge, and psychological distress score), general linear regression analysis of the post-test outcomes, and the Spearman correlation between psychological distress score and the outcomes.

Results.

Compared to African-American participants (n = 122), Hispanic/Latino participants (n = 137) were significantly younger and less educated. The two groups were comparable in sex, income, and health status. Significant pre- to post-test improvements were seen in each group for self-care, self-efficacy, and psychological distress. Diabetes knowledge had moderate improvement. Hispanics/Latinos had significantly greater post-test self-efficacy and self-care scores compared to African Americans. For both African-American and Hispanic/Latino participants, lower psychological distress scores were generally associated with greater self-efficacy and self-care. Psychological distress scores were not significantly associated with knowledge in African-Amerian or Hispanic/Latino participants. For African Americans only, better health status was significantly associated with less psychological distress.

Conclusion.

DSME/S programs have the potential to improve psychological health among African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos, which can lead to better diabetes outcomes.
Sampublicering med studenter – ett sätt att stärka forskningsanknytningen i lärarutbildningen
Authors: Jeppsson Fredrik , Haglund Jesper
Published: July 2019

Lärarutbildningen uppmärksammas inte sällan för att dess studenter har svårt att uppnå den nivå av akademiskt skrivande som krävs, inte minst vid examensarbeten. Som kontrast till den beskrivningen vill vi lyfta fram motexempel, där lärarstudenters examensarbeten och andra skrivuppgifter har nått en sådan kvalitet att de genom samförfattande med handledare och andra medförfattare har kunnat omarbetas och publiceras som vetenskapliga artiklar eller i mer lärartillvända forum, i vårt fall inom fysikdidaktik. Samförfattande med lärarstudenter kan på så vis vara ett sätt att stärka forskningsförankringen i lärarutbildningen. Förutsättningarna för att kunna lyckas med detta diskuteras, bland annat utifrån att under lärarutbildningen gradvis låta studenterna inlemmas i en praktikgemenskap av ämnesdidaktisk forskning.
Microglia histogenesis: the history of research
Authors: Deev R. V , Dikonenko M. V , Grechanik U. P
Published: July 2019

The researches of histogenesis and histophysiology of microglia and its role in evolution of central nervous system pathology attract less attention than it should. The proposed review is devoted to the problem of microglia's origin and history of microglia research. Various number of hypotheses concerning microglia histogenesis were suggested in different periods, specifically the hypothesis about ectodermal or mesodermal (mesenchymal) histogenesis of microglia and its origin. This review represents the role of domestic and international histologists in study of microglia histogenesis, especially the role of professor Beletskiy.
Reserve and basal cells of epithelia of cervix uteri as a source of cervical neoplasies by human papilloma viruses
Authors: Ershov V. A , Mikhailov V. M , Chirsky V. S
Published: July 2019

As progenitor of cervical epithelium consider reserve and basal cells. They as human stem cells possess ability of self-updating, manufacture of the differentiated functional posterity and settle down in a niche. They supports the population by means of mitosis. For a reserve cell it is characteristic expression p63, bcl-2, keratins 5, 7, 17, for basal cells - p63, bcl-2, keratins 5, 7, 10, 13, 14, 17. Reserve cells are a source of development of columnar and squamous epithelia of cervix uteri, basal cells - only squamous epithelium. Reserve and basal cells are cells-targets for human papilloma virus (HPV) which genetic changes can serve as the reason can-cerogenesis. For "precancerous” cervical intraepithelial neoplasies in prevailing number of supervision spontaneous regress is characteristic. The role of integration of DNA HPV in cancerogenesis of cervix uteri does not find unequivocal acknowledgement in DNA of a cell. Modern representations about cancer stem cell of cervix uteri characterize its similarity to stem cells of cervical epithelium.
Interaction and Conditionality of Hotel Business and Maritime Tourism, as a Significant Factor in Increasing Revenues in Tourism
Authors: Kaluđerović Marija
Published: July 2019

The manner how to increase the revenues in tourism, is the question that can be answerd on different ways. One of the ways that may contribute that is the interaction and conditionality of hotel business and maritime tourism. Destination and the region development are the main facts, so when the guest come by yacht or by ship, usualy the first impression are the port facilities and a nearby of the hotel, as the recepting factor of the offer. It is very important and useful in development of maritime tourism. All the expences can be improved, when the offer is wide and guests can spend a lot of money. The service in the hotel should be quite well and also the quality of the food and other facilities. Montenegro facilities are very wide and this region is very famous in maritime tourism at recent years. The connection betwen hotel business and maritime tourism can improve increasing revenues in tourism of this region.
Estimation of a Production Function for Philippine Retail Stores
Authors: Patalinghug Jason C.
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this paper is the estimation of a production function for retail stores in the Philippines. A generalized Cobb-Douglas production function is utilized for this purpose. Ordinary Least Squares is used in obtaining the coefficients for labor and capital. The results show that the marginal product of labor to be higher than the marginal product of capital and the hypothesis of constant returns to scale is not rejected.
Ownership Concentration and Firm Performance in Indonesia
Authors: Juanda Juanda
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjective – The study aim to investigate the effect of ownership concentration on the financial performance of firms listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2008 to 2012. Design/methodology – Data for the study were collected from the Indonesia Stock Exchange on or prior to 2 January 2008 and remain listed until 31 December 2012. The population is 140 industrial and manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. But, there are only 43 companies meet the sampling criteria. To investigate the influence of ownership concentration on firm performance in Indonesia, multiple linear regression method was performed. Results – The results of this study is the ownership concentration positively and significantly influences firm performance in Indonesia and it acts as a substitute for shareholder protection. Research limitations/implications – The samples are only collected from manufacturing industry and does not take into account the shareholder identity. It is quite possible that shareholder identity influences the relationship between ownership concentration and firm performance. Therefore, future researchers are advised to take into account the shareholder identity so that it becomes clear whether shareholder identity indeed has an effect on such relationship.
The Application of PSAK 24 on Employee Benefits in Banking Institutions Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Jumaidi Maisarah , Diantimala Yossi , Abdullah Syukriy
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjective – This study aims to examine the implementation and differentiation of PSAK 24 regarding employee benefits (Revision 2010) with PSAK 24 (Revision 2013) in the banking institutions listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Design/methodology – This study analyses secondary data in the form financial statements obtained from IDX. Purposive sampling method was employed with 31 samples. The hypothesis was tested using paired sample t-test. Results – The results showed that banking institutions listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) applied PSAK 24 on employee benefits but there were some banks that in the same year that applied PSAK 24 with different revisions. The average of banks in the period 2013 to 2014 implements PSAK 24 (Revision 2010) which is the first revised PSAK adopting IFRS in it and in the period 2015 to 2016 implements PSAK 24 (Revision 2013) which is the second revised PSAK adopting IFRS in it. In addition, there are differences in implementation between PSAK 24 (Revision 2010) and PSAK 24 (Revision 2013) by the banks listed on the IDX. Research limitations/implications – This study may be limited in its sampling approach and total number of samples used. The findings of this study imply that the application of required accounting standard in Indonesia is still varying particularly within banking institutions. The regulator and standard setter may take further steps in enforcing the relevant accounting standards to achieve more harmonious level of application.