bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HELPING STRUGGLING READERS TO READ: THE IMPACT OF THE CARE FOR THE NON-READERS (CRN) PROGRAM ON FILIPINO PUPILS’ READING PROFICIENCY
Authors: Adapon Maricel Tandoc , Mangila Benjamin Baguio
Published: January 2021

This study was conducted to determine the impact of the Care for the Non-Readers Program on the reading performance of struggling readers in all elementary schools of Dumingag II District, Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur, Mindanao, Philippines during the School Year 2016-2017. Fifty teachers and 465 parents were selected as respondents of the study. It made use of the descriptive comparative method of research with the questionnaire-checklist as data-gathering instrument. Both the descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the analysis and interpretation of data. The findings of the study revealed that both teachers and parents considered the Care for the Non-Readers Program as “Very Effective” in improving the reading performance of pupils. “Fuller Technique,” “Independent Reading,” “Directed Reading Thinking Activity,” and “Say Something” were the leading strategies applied by teachers in the implementation of the program. The majority of the pupils still belonged to the "Frustration" level. However, there was a significant improvement in pupils’ reading performance for three school years. Teachers encountered "Serious" problems in the implementation of the program, while the suggested solutions were considered as "Very Effective." Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the assessments of the two groups of respondents on the effectiveness of the CNR program.
IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA GENETIKA DALAM ELIMINASI BENTROKAN JADWAL PERKULIAHAN DI POLITEKNIK UNISMA MALANG
Authors: SHOFIYATI NUR , MUSTHOFA MUH ULINNUHA , PUTRA ADITYA MAHENDRA
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh efisiensi penyusunan jadwal dengan mengeliminasi bentrokan jadwal menggunakan metode algoritma genetika. Metode penelitian diawali dengan pengumpulan data awal dimana ditemukan permasalaham bentrokan ruang, bentrokan kelas dan bentrokan dosen. Permasalahan tersebut digunakan sebagai dasar perumusan nilai fitness. Nilai fitness dalam penelitian ini deitentukan 1 / (1 + BD + BK + BR). Algoritma genetika penelitian ini menggunakan 6 kromosom agar mendapatkan solusi optimal. Nilai crossover rate di atur sebesar 80%, serta mutation rate dikontrol pada nilai 0.3 atau 30% agar pemrosesan tidak berlangsung lama. Hasil penelitian ini berupa aplikasi penyusunan jadwal berbasis android yang menerapkan algoritma genetika. Berdasarkan uji coba aplikasi menunjukkan bahwa hasil penjadwalan dengan algoritma genetika mampu mengeliminasi bentrokan jadwal. Kata kunci - Genetika, Fitness, Jadwal
Religious Pluralism (Perspective of Islamic Normativity and History)
Authors: Hamzah Ekawati
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses "Normative and Historical Perspective Religious Pluralism, which includes two main problems, namely: First, how is religious pluralism in a historical perspective. Second, how is religious pluralism with a normative perspective. Religious pluralism in the perspective of revelation (Normative) is not only part of a humanitarian task but also a dimension of the Muslim’s level, devotion and a religious duty which is the value of worship in the sight of Allah SWT. Whereas historically, the religious attitude in the midst of a plural society was exemplified by the Prophet in the early days of Islam, so that in its development it became the religion that most respected the values of plurality. Therefore, in its development, Muslims do not need to feel a dilemma if in their life they have to intersect with other religions, instead they must be used as life partners in facing the benefit of the people.
PROGRESIFITAS HUKUM PENGEMBALIAN DEVIDEN SAHAM INTERIM PERSEROAN TERBATAS PADA UUPT NO.40 TAHUN 2007
Authors: Wahab Bella Mutiara
Published: January 2021

AbstractProgressive law must place the law in a very close position with the law's community or stakeholders. This position is called responsive, progressive law and is always associated with stakeholders' reality and needs to create justice and happiness as law aspired itself. Also, progressive law emphasizes social integration to overcome public moral insularity.Starting from the viewpoint of progressive law, the author looks at the laws and regulations that discuss the return of interim dividends as stated in the Limited Liability Company Law No. 40 of 2007, article 72, article 72 states that companies allow rules related to dividend distribution in a temporary (interim) way. The article is then interpreted as that if the company has positive profits, the company is allowed to distribute dividends before the company closes the book at the end of the year, provided that the board of directors officially announces the distribution with the approval of the GMS that the positive profits obtained by the company before closing the book will come as dividends interim. As a result, the company competes to distribute interim dividends to increase and show its credibility to investors. It was recorded on the Indonesian stock exchange (IDX) that in September 2020, 73 companies distributed interim dividends.However, article 72 paragraph 5 of the Limited Liability Company Law No. 40 of 2007 explains that if after the company distributes interim dividends to shareholders and at the end of the closing of the annual book the company suffers a loss, the shareholders must return the dividends they have received. If the shareholder does not return it, the directors and commissioners are jointly responsible for covering the company's losses.This viewpoint is the basis for finding the location of the value and form of legal progressivity regarding the mechanism of interim share dividends in limited liability companies as stated in UUPT No.40 of 2007 Article 72 using a normative research method with a conceptual approach.
Informatização no trabalho: perspectivas da equipe de enfermagem hospitalar
Authors: Simões Pereira Ana Carolina , Matsuda Laura Misue , Costa Guerra Rosangela , Campos de Oliveira Joao Lucas , Freitas Goés Herbert Leopoldo de , Silva Marcon Sonia
Published: January 2021

Apreender as percepções da equipe de enfermagem hospitalar acerca da implantação da informática no seu trabalho. Estudo descritivo-exploratório, de natureza qualitativa. Foi realizado por meio de dois grupos focais com 11 profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital privado do estado do Paraná, Brasil. Após transcrição do material gravado em áudio nos grupos focais, os dados foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Emergiram três categorias temáticas: Sentimentos diante da implantação da informática no trabalho; Desafios no processo de implantação da informatização e; Reflexos da implantação da informatização na segurança do paciente e na qualidade do cuidado. Ainda desafiadora e disparadora de sentimentos como estresse, medo e sobrecarga, os trabalhadores referendaram a implantação da informatização no seu trabalho como uma ponte para incrementos na qualidade e segurança, especialmente voltados à administração de medicamentos, identificação do paciente, comunicação segura e participação do paciente no cuidado.
Qualidade de vida em cuidadores de menores com dermatite atópica
Authors: Marçano Affonso Angela Rita , Venci Gonzales Cassia Cristina , Wandalsen Neusa Falbo
Published: January 2021

O principal objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o impacto da dermatite atópica (DA) na qualidade de vida (QV) de cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes menores de 18 anos, com esse diagnóstico, acompanhados no município de Santo André, estes foram selecionados durante as consultas, sendo registrados dados gerais e sobre a doença, e aplicado o questionário, The World Health Organization instrument to evaluate quality of life - WHOQOL-BREF aos cuidadores. Para a análise estatística, foram utilizadas as variáveis qualitativas descritas por frequências absolutas e relativas. Os dados mostram um comprometimento da QV dos cuidadores das crianças e adolescentes com DA, quando comparada à de cuidadores de controles sadios, especialmente nos domínios físico, psicológico e de relações sociais. A presença da DA afeta a QV da família conduzindo a um alto grau de comprometimento da dinâmica familiar.
Perfil das ocorrências por causas externas atendidas pelo serviço urgência e emergência
Authors: Lima Soares Amanda Prycylya , Mondego Fontenele Rafael , Vieira Pereira Silva Gracineiva , Silva Lima Jôina da , Miranda de Araújo Renata Gabriela , Santos de Carvalho Isnara Miranda
Published: January 2021

As ocorrências por causas externas crescem ao longo do tempo e demandam boa parte dos recursos financeiros do sistema de saúde pública. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as principais ocorrências por causas externas atendidas pelo serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência no Brasil. Tratou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases científicas da SCIELO e LILACS. As ocorrências identificadas foram quedas na população idosa, acidentes de trânsito e acidentes domésticos, bem como a violência urbana e associada ao consumo de álcool e outras drogas na população jovem entre 20 e 60 anos. Concluiu-se que as ocorrências por causas externas sofrem influência do comportamento humano, sendo assim, sugere-se a ampliação dos espaços de discussão sobre a temática visando à conscientização da população em geral.
Avaliação temporal da carga de trabalho de enfermagem em UTI
Authors: Novelli e Castro Meire Cristina , Vieira de Almeida Priscila Masquetto , Queiroz Dell’Acqua Magda Cristina , Spiri Wilza Carla , Silva Cyrino Claudia Maria , Jensen Rodrigo
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a variação na carga de trabalho de enfermagem em UTI e a tendência com o Escore Eletrônico de Atividades de Enfermagem em UTI. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos resultados das avaliações do Nursing Activities Score (NAS), realizadas por enfermeiros em uma UTI de hospital público, entre setembro de 2007 a julho de 2014, totalizando 83 meses. Um total de 35.262 aferições do NAS foram realizadas em 4.731 pacientes. Os resultados mostraram evolução ascendente do NAS com uma tendência ao aumento da carga de trabalho. Ao considerar o início da série histórica entre os últimos cinquenta meses, tem-se o aumento mensal de 0,26, o que evidencia o aumento da carga de trabalho de enfermagem em UTI mês a mês continuamente. Conclui-se que a série temporal demonstrou que houve um aumento da carga de trabalho de enfermagem em UTI de forma contínua e ascendente.
Ensino remoto na enfermagem em meio a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Sousa Nóbrega Igor de , Batista Ferreira Filho José Aderivaldo , Cabral da Cunha Maria Luísa , Gomes Medeiros Tamires Paula , Amado Monteiro Leal Cláudia Quézia , Clemente dos Santos Renata , Castro Marcolino Emanuella de
Published: January 2021

Relatar a vivência docente e discente e suas percepções sobre o ensino remoto na enfermagem frente à pandemia da COVID-19. Trata-se de um relato de experiência a respeito do ensino remoto emergencial, experienciado por discentes e docentes do curso superior de enfermagem em meio a pandemia pela COVID-19. A forma de adesão das aulas remotas deu-se mediante a plataformas digitais de acesso on-line com a criação de ambientes de sala de aula por chamadas de vídeo em tempo real. A modalidade de ensino remoto trouxe consigo aspectos positivos bem como desafios importantes acerca do processo de aprendizagem em enfermagem. A experiência com o ensino remoto em meio a pandemia do COVID-19 tem demonstrado inúmeros desafios para formação do enfermeiro, porém é considerada uma alternativa temporária de caráter emergencial eficaz para minimização de danos sociais e educacionais no período crítico atual.
Uso e negociação de preservativos por acadêmicos de enfermagem
Authors: Spindola Thelma , Silva Rocha Oliveira Cláudia , Marques da Costa Daniela , Nepomuceno de Oliveira André Nathália Lourdes , Vieira da Motta Catarina Valentim , Deleon de Melo Laércio
Published: January 2021

: Identificar o uso e a negociação do preservativo por acadêmicos de enfermagem e discutir as práticas sexuais destes estudantes na perspectiva da prevenção das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Descritivo, transversal com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 153 estudantes de enfermagem de uma instituição privada. Foi empregado um questionário estruturado com 60 perguntas fechadas. Para a análise, utilizou-se a estatística descritiva com o auxílio do Excel for Windows. Foram atendidos todos os aspectos ético-legais. 91% participantes tinham vida sexual ativa. Destes: 72% não faziam uso do preservativo em todos os intercursos sexuais; 59% não usavam com parceria fixa; 76% utilizavam-no nas parcerias sexuais casuais e 90) informaram não usar preservativo feminino. A negociação do uso era realizada por 32 dos participantes. Evidenciou-se uma baixa adesão para o uso contínuo de preservativo, o que, juntamente com as situações de negociações de seu uso, favoreceu a exposição às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.
Piperine: Chemical, biological and nanotechnological applications
Authors: Quijia Christian Rafael , Araujo Victor Hugo , Chorilli Marlus
Published: January 2021

Piperine (PIP) is an alkaloid present in several species of piper, mainly Piper nigrum Linn. and P. longum, among other species. The present article provides a comprehensive review of PIP research in the last years concerning its chemical properties, synthesis, absorption, metabolism, bioavailability and toxicity. The reviewed PIP literature has shown many pharmacological properties, such as antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-parasitic activity of PIP. However, its low solubility and absorption make its application challenging. This review also includes advances in the development of nanosystems containing PIP, including liposomes, micelles, metal nanoparticles, nanofibers, polymeric nanoparticles, and solid-lipid nanoparticles. Finally, we discuss different in vitro and in vivo studies to evaluate the biological activity of this drug, as well as some methods for the synthesis of nanosystems and their physical characteristics.
Identification of potential COVID-19 main protease inhibitors using structure-based pharmacophore approach, molecular docking and repurposing studies
Authors: Daoud Safa , Alabed Shada J. , Dahabiyeh Lina A.
Published: January 2021

The current outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections urges the need to identify potential therapeutic agents. Therefore, the repurposing of FDA-approved drugs against today’s diseases involves the use of de-risked compounds with potentially lower costs and shorter development timelines. In this study, the recently resolved X-ray crystallographic structure of COVID-19 main protease (Mpro) was used to generate a pharmacophore model and to conduct a docking study to capture antiviral drugs as new promising COVID-19 main protease inhibitors. The developed pharmacophore successfully captured five FDA-approved antiviral drugs (lopinavir, remdesivir, ritonavir, saquinavir and raltegravir). The five drugs were successfully docked into the binding site of COVID-19 Mpro and showed several specific binding interactions that were comparable to those tying the co-crystallized inhibitor X77 inside the binding site of COVID-19 Mpro. Three of the captured drugs namely, remdesivir, lopinavir and ritonavir, were reported to have promising results in COVID-19 treatment and therefore increases the confidence in our results. Our findings suggest an additional possible mechanism of action for remdesivir as an antiviral drug inhibiting COVID-19 Mpro. Additionally, a combination of structure-based pharmacophore modeling with a docking study is expected to facilitate the discovery of novel COVID-19 Mpro inhibitors.
Tryptanthrin exerts anti-breast cancer effects both in vitro and in vivo through modulating the inflammatory tumor microenvironment
Authors: Zeng Qingfang , Luo Cairong , Cho Junlae , Lai Donna , Shen Xiangchun , Zhang Xiaoyan , Zhou Wei
Published: January 2021

Tryptanthrin is an indole quinazoline alkaloid from the indigo-bearing plants, such as Isatis indigotica Fort. Typically, this natural compound shows a variety of pharmacological activities such as antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study was conducted to assess the antitumor activity of tryptanthrin in breast cancer models both in vitro and in vivo, and to explore the important role of the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME) in the antitumor effects of tryptanthrin. Human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells were used to assess the antitumor effect of tryptanthrin in vitro. MTT assay and colony formation assay were carried out to monitor the antiproliferative effect of tryptanthrin (1.56~50.0 μmol L−1) on inhibiting the proliferation and colony formation of MCF-7 cells, respectively. The migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells were evaluated by wound healing assay and Transwell chamber assay, respectively. Moreover, the 4T1 murine breast cancer model was established to examine the pharmacological activity of tryptanthrin, and three groups with different doses of tryptanthrin (25, 50 and 100 mg kg−1) were set in study. Additionally, tumor volumes and organ coefficients were measured and calculated. After two weeks of tryptanthrin treatment, samples from serum, tumor tissue and different organs from tumor-bearing mice were collected, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to assess the regulation of inflammatory molecules in mouse serum. Additionally, pathological examinations of tumor tissues and organs from mice were evaluated through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of inflammatory proteins in tumor tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blotting. Tryptanthrin inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells, up-regulated the protein level of E-cadherin, and down-regulated those of MMP-2 and Snail, as suggested by the MCF-7 cell experiment. According to the results from in vivo experiment, tryptanthrin was effective in inhibiting tumor growth, and it showed favorable safety without inducing the fluctuations of body mass and organ coefficient (p > 0.05). In addition, tryptanthrin also suppressed the expression levels of NOS1, COX-2 and NF-κB in mouse tumor tissues, and regulated those of IL-2, IL-10 and TNF-α in the serum of tumor cells-transplanted mice. Tryptanthrin exerted its anti-breast cancer activities through modulating the inflammatory TME both in vitro and in vivo.
Cannabigerol and cannabichromene in Cannabis sativa L.
Authors: Zagožen Marjeta , Čerenak Andreja , Kreft Samo
Published: January 2021

In addition to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), other phytocannabinoids, such as cannabigerol (CBG) and cannabichromene (CBC), also have beneficial effects on human health. A high content of CBG is found in plants with the B0 genotype, whereas CBC is independent of the allelic chemotype locus B. In basic research models such as mice or rats, CBG has demonstrated anticancer properties, particularly against breast cancer. CBG has shown anti-inflammatory effects on murine colitis and on inflammatory bowel disease as well as stimulatory effects on the feeding behaviors of mice. It has also exhibited inhibition of aldose reductase, which is known to cause an accumulation of sorbitol and increase glucose levels in the blood, which may lead to diabetes. Cannabinoid CBC has also shown anti-inflammatory effects and reduced hypermobility in the gut and has displayed potential in vitro effect on adult neural stem progenitor cells. CBC also exerts modest analgesic properties in rodents, as well as anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, pro-apoptotic, and anti-proliferative effects in tumor cells.
Screening of six medicinal plant species for antileishmanial activity
Authors: Ferreira Fabiana Borges Padilha , Cabral Márcia Regina Pereira , Sarragiotto Maria Helena , Fernandez Carla Maria Mariano , Gazim Zilda Cristiani , Junior Ranulfo Piau , Demarchi Izabel Galhardo , Silveira Thaís Gomes Verzignassi , Lonardoni Maria Valdrinez Campana
Published: January 2021

This study is aimed to investigate the in vitro anti-leishmanial activity of ethanolic, aqueous or dichloromethane extracts of leaves, flowers, fruits or roots, of six medicinal plant species, namely, Nectandra megapotamica, Brunfelsia uniflora, Myrcianthes pungens, Anona muricata, Hymenaea stigonocarpa and Piper corcovandesis. After isolation and analysis of chemical components by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS), the extracts were also tested for toxicity in J774.A1 macrophages and human erythrocytes. Phenolic acids, flavonoids, acetogenins, alkaloids and lignans were identified in these extracts. Grow inhibition of promastigotes forms of Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania braziliensis and the cytotoxicity in J774.A1 macrophages were estimated by the XTT method. The most promising results for L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis were shown by the ethanolic extract of the fruits of Hymenaea stigonocarpa and dichloromethane extract of the roots of Piper corcovadensis, with IC
50 of 160 and 150 μg mL−1, resp. Ethanolic extracts of A. muricata (leaf), B. uniflora (flower and leaf), M. pungens (fruit and leaf), N. megapotamica (leaf), and aqueous extract of H. stigonocarpa (fruit) showed IC
50 > 170 μg mL−1 for L. amazonensis and > 200 μg mL−1 for L. braziliensis. The extracts exhibited low cytotoxicity towards J774.A1 macrophages with CC
50 > 1000 μg mL−1 and hemolytic activity from 0 to 46.1 %.
Quantitative analysis and pharmacokinetic study of a novel diarylurea EGFR inhibitor (ZCJ14) in rat plasma using a validated LC-MS/MS method
Authors: Zuo Sai-Jie , Cheng Xiao-Liang , Liu Dong-Zheng , Feng Wei-Yi , Cao Yong-Xiao , Zhang San-Qi
Published: January 2021

1-(4-(Pyrrolidin-1-yl-methyl)phenyl)-3-(4-((3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl)amino)quinazolin-6-yl)urea (ZCJ14), a novel epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with diarylurea moiety, displays anticancer effect. In the present study, an LCMS/MS method was established to determine the concentration of ZCJ14 in rat plasma. Furthermore, the method was applied to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of ZCJ14. Chromatographic separation of ZCJ14 and internal standard (IS) [1-phenyl-3-(4-((3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino) quinazolin-6-yl)urea] was accomplished by gradient elution using the Kromasil C18 column. The selected reaction monitoring transitions were performed at m/z 507.24→436.18 and 424.13→330.96 for ZCJ14 and IS, resp. The established method was linear over the concentration range of 10–1000 ng mL−1. The intra- and inter-day precisions were < 11.0 % (except for LLOQ which was up to 14.3 %) and the respective accuracies were within the range of 87.5–99.0 %. The extraction recovery and matrix effect were within the range of 88.4–104.5 % and 87.3–109.9 %, resp. ZCJ14 was stable under all storage conditions. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of ZCJ14 in rats, and the pharmacokinetic parameters have been determined. The oral bioavailability of ZCJ14 was found to be 46.1 %. Overall, this accurate and reliable quantification method might be useful for other diarylurea moiety-containing drugs.
Effect of sacubitril/valsartan on inflammation and oxidative stress in doxorubicin-induced heart failure model in rabbits
Authors: Yu Chun , Li Donghao , Li Zhongyan , Yu Donghui , Zhai Guijuan
Published: January 2021

Our study evaluates the effects of sacubitril/valsartan (SAC/VAL) in the rabbit model of doxorubicin-induced heart failure. Twenty rabbits (5 per group) were administered with doxorubicin (DOX, 1.5 mg kg−1, i.v.) to induce heart failure. Specific biomarkers such as BNP, CnT, CRP and ROMs were determined. The cardiac enzymatic anti-oxidant systems were recorded with their electrographic profiles. HR, SBP, DBP and MAP were restored at 5 or 10 mg kg−1 (p.o.) of SAC/VAL compared to DOX, followed by reduced levels of creatinine and BNP (p < 0.001). Significant improvements (p < 0.05) compared to DOX were also noticed in CAT, SOD and LPO with the same doses of SAC/VAL. Specific biomarkers such as BNP, CnT, CRP and ROMs descended significantly (p < 0.001) with treatment when compared to their baseline values. Our findings implied that SAC/VAL treatment reduced the inflammation and oxidative stress to improve the cardiac function.
Esters of quinoxaline-7-carboxylate-1,4-di-N-oxide as Trichomonas vaginalis triosephosphate isomerase inhibitors
Authors: Palos Isidro , Moo-Puc Rosa , Vique-Sánchez José Luis , Benítez-Cardoza Claudia G. , Monge Antonio , Villalobos-Rocha Juan Carlos , Paz-Gonzalez Alma D. , Rivera Gildardo
Published: January 2021

Trichomoniasis is a public health problem worldwide. Trichomoniasis treatment consists of the use of nitroimidazole derivatives; however, therapeutic ineffectiveness occurs in 5 to 20 % of the cases. Therefore, it is essential to propose new pharmacological agents against this disease. In this work, esters of quinoxaline-7-carboxylate-1,4-di-N-oxide (EQX-NO) were evaluated in in vitro assays as novel trichomonicidal agents. Additionally, an in vitro enzyme assay and molecular docking analysis against triosephosphate isomerase of Trichomonas vaginalis to confirm their mechanism of action were performed. Ethyl (compound 12) and n-propyl (compound 37) esters of quinoxaline-7-carboxy-late-1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives showed trichomonicidal activity comparable to nitazoxanide, whereas five methyl (compounds 5, 15, 19, 20 and 22), four isopropyl (compounds 28, 29, 30 and 34), three ethyl (compounds 4, 13 and 23) and one npropyl (compound 35) ester derivatives displayed activity comparable to albendazole. Compounds 6 and 20 decreased 100 % of the enzyme activity of recombinant protein triosephosphate isomerase.
Computer-aided approaches reveal trihydroxychroman and pyrazolone derivatives as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 virus main protease
Authors: Atatreh Noor , Hasan Shaima , Ali Bassam R. , Ghattas Mohammad A.
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. The disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2). The aim of this study is to target the SARS-CoV-2 virus main protease (Mpro) via structure-based virtual screening. Consequently, > 580,000 ligands were processed via several filtration and docking steps, then the top 21 compounds were analysed extensively via MM-GBSA scoring and molecular dynamic simulations. Interestingly, the top compounds showed favorable binding energies and binding patterns to the protease enzyme, forming interactions with several key residues. Trihydroxychroman and pyrazolone derivatives, SN02 and SN18 ligands, exhibited very promising binding modes along with the best MM-GBSA scoring of –40.9 and –41.2 kcal mol−1, resp. MD simulations of 300 ns for the ligand-protein complexes of SN02 and SN18 affirmed the previously attained results of the potential inhibition activity of these two ligands. These potential inhibitors can be the starting point for further studies to pave way for the discovery of new antiviral drugs for SARS-CoV-2.
New Principles of Non-Linear Integral Inequalities on Time Scales
Authors: Akin Lutfi
Published: January 2021

The concept of inequalities in time scales has attracted the attention of mathematicians for a quarter century. And these studies have inspired the solution of many problems in the branches of physics, biology, mechanics and economics etc. In this article, new principles of non-linear integral inequalities are presented in time scales via diamond-α dynamic integral and the nabla integral.
What Determines the Success of an IPO? Analysis of IPO Underpricing on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Małachowski Paweł , Gadowska-dos Santos Dominika
Published: January 2021

This article aimed to analyse the factors that influence the level of underpricing of an initial public offering (IPO) on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE), based on the example of 101 companies debuting on the main market between 2010 and 2019. We discuss the theories that explain IPO underpricing and the research conducted so far on the Polish market. In the main part of the article, we present the results of our study aimed at identifying and characterising the hitherto-unrecognised factors determining IPO underpricing, which is a contribution to the current research on WSE trends. Our findings point to three variables that influence the level of underpricing: the involvement of private equity or venture capital funds in the transaction, the rate of return of the WSE Index in the 6 months before the IPO, and the amount of capital offered during the debut.
Investigation of the Therapeutic Effects of Chloroquine in Adriamycin-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Akin Ali Tuğrul , Kaymak Emin , Öztürk Emel , Karabulut Derya , Kuloğlu Nurhan , Ceylan Tayfun , Toluk Ayşe
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects of Chloroquine (CLQ) against Adriamycin (ADR) induced hepatotoxicity. ADR is a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of many cancer types, but it causes hepatotoxicity. CLQ is used as an anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, and pneumonia caused by Covid-19. Rats were divided into four groups: Control group, ADR group (2 mg/kg Adriamycin, one in three days for 30 days, i.p.), CLQ group (50 mg/kg Chloroquine, per day for 30 days, i.p.), ADR+CLQ (2 mg/kg Adriamycin, one in three days for 30 days, i.p. and 50 mg/ kg Chloroquine, per day for 30 days, i.p.). Animals were sacrificed, and liver tissues were extracted for further examinations. Histopathological changes in liver tissues were scored and IL-17 immunostaining was performed to determine the expression levels among experimental groups. Bodyweights in the ADR group decreased significantly compared to the Control group and CLQ group. Furthermore, bodyweight in ADR+CLQ group was significantly higher compared to ADR group. The histopathological score was significantly higher in ADR group when compared to Control and CLQ group while CLQ administrations reduced the damage induced by ADR in the ADR+CLQ group. IL-17 immunoreactivity was considerably increased in the ADR group. On the other hand, IL-17 expressions of ADR+CLQ were substantially less compared to ADR group. We suggest that CLQ can be used as a therapeutic agent to reduce the detrimental effects of ADR, thanks to its anti-inflammatory properties.
How can educational support for parents in the care of children with life-limiting illnesses be successful? An empirically-founded and theory-based concept development / Wie kann edukative Begleitung von Eltern in der Versorgung lebenslimitierend erkrankter Kinder gelingen? Eine empirischfundierte und theoriegeleitete Konzeptentwicklung
Authors: Thierfelder Ina , Tegethoff Dorothea , Ewers Michael
Published: January 2021

Background and objectives

Parents of children with life-limiting diseases are central informal care providers. They fill out their role as co-producers of the health care system in different ways, as empirically reconstructed parent type's show. In this article, the heterogeneous social practice of physiotherapeutic care provision is reflected from the perspective of self-regulation theory. The aim is to identify starting points for how parental self-efficacy can be positively influenced by educational support.

Method

The types of parents reconstructed by means of the Documentary Method according to Ralf Bohnsack serve as a starting point for the theoretical consideration. First, the theory of self-regulation and findings from research on increasing parental self-efficacy are presented. In the following, we will discuss how parents of children with life-limiting illnesses regulate themselves or develop self-efficacy when taking over care. Finally, it is shown which findings result from the theoretical consideration for an educational concept development.

Results

This theory-guided consideration of empirically generated parent types shows that their self-perception and situation perception, motivation and level of participation, self-regulation processes and trained self-efficacy vary significantly. There is evidence that parent-oriented information, observation of peers in groups and the possibility of positive experiences have a positive influence on self-efficacy.

Conclusion

These elements should be taken up in the development of educational intervention concepts for this target group and systematically tested for their effects.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Escherichia Coli Isolates from Diarrheic Dogs in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Mustapha Muhammad , Audu Yusuf , Ezema Kingsley Uwakwe , Abdulkadir Jafar Umar , Lawal Jallailudeen Rabana , Balami Arhyel Gana , Adamu Lawan , Bukar-Kolo Yachilla Maryam
Published: January 2021

Diarrhea caused by multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an important and common problem in companion animals, especially dogs. Moreover, these dogs may serve as a reservoir of pathogenic strains of E. coli that may cause enteric and extra-intestinal infections in humans and other animals. This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of E. coli isolates from diarrheic dogs in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, Nigeria. In fecal samples of 200 dogs with diarrhea, 147 E. coli strains (73.5%) were isolated and characterized by the standard bacteriological techniques (culture, biochemical tests, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing). Out of the 147 positive isolates, 45, 50, and 52 were from Elkanemi Park, Magaram, and Sabon gari wards respectively. The isolates show 100% resistance to chloramphenicol, cefuroxime, and ceftriaxone, 96.6% to amoxicillin, and 95.9% to gentamicin, while all (100%) were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. All the isolates showed multiple antimicrobial resistance. The result of the current study showed that dogs in Maiduguri are important reservoirs of multidrug-resistant E. coli. Therefore, it is important to adopt and apply guidelines for the correct use of antimicrobials in small animal practice to reduce the emergence of multidrug resistance among E. coli in companion animals.
Process of local government fragmentation in Croatia: From a big-bang to a status quo
Authors: Škarica Mihovil
Published: January 2021

The paper explores and explains the fragmentation process in Croatian local government during the transition period from 1990 onwards. Special focus is given to the emergence of new municipalities (municipal splits/secessions) that occurred after the new two-tier local government system was established in 1993. Excessive fragmentation of territorial structure at the beginning of the 1990s was a systematic and centrally driven reform that was meant to break with the inherited local government model and break up its territorial structure as radically as possible. While the initial overhaul in 1993 was mostly the result of conscious policy implemented in a top-down manner, subsequent municipal splits were mostly the outcome of local initiatives and lobbying, and were predominantly shaped by local, primarily economic factors, whereas political and cultural factors were of secondary importance. The national institutional context, including criteria and procedural rules for splits, were quite liberal during this whole period, with a moderate tightening-up trajectory. The number of municipalities finally stabilised in 2006, since when there have been no more splits.
Facile preparation of Co@Co3O4@Nitrogen doped carbon composite from ionic liquid as anode material for high performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Xiao Mingjun , Meng Yanshuang , Duan Chaoyu , Zhu Fuliang , Zhang Yue
Published: January 2021

Co@Co3O4@Nitrogen doped carbon (Co@Co3O4@NDC) composite is synthesized by high temperature carbonization of ionic liquids followed by low temperature thermal oxidation. In the process of high temperature carbonization, cobalt ions are reduced to metallic cobalt, producing Co@Nitrogen doped carbon (Co@NDC). Co@Co3O4@NDC composite is obtained after low temperature oxidation, in which a part of the metallic cobalt is oxidized to Co3O4. The structural characterizations indicate that the composite is composed of three crystalline phases (carbon, Co and Co3O4). The results of transmission electron microscopy study show that the carbon materials not only coat the Co@Co3O4 nanoparticles, but also form carbon network that connects the Co@Co3O4 nanoparticles. This conductive carbon network is beneficial to improve the electrochemical performance of the composite. The electrochemical test results show that the Co@Co3O4@NDC composite exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, delivering the discharge capacities of 790 and 304 mAh˙g−1 after 1500 cycles at 5 C and 10 C. This excellent electrochemical performance is due to synergistic effects of Co3O4, cobalt nanoparticles embedded in carbon which has high conductivity, and nitrogen functional groups.
Hybrid white light emitting devices (HWLEDs) from organic polymer and PbS nanocrystals by multiple excitons
Authors: Kadim Akeel M.
Published: January 2021

Hybrid white light-emitting devices (HWLEDs) were fabricated using FTO/PEDOT: PSS/PbS/Alq3/Ni system and synthesized by phase separation process. In the present study, the multiple excitons generation in lead sulfide (PbS) NCs, which is characteristic of PbS NCs, was used to induce an effective and regulated energy transfer to an HWLED. The HWLED consisted of three layers successively deposited on FTO glass substrate; the first layer consisted of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS) blended with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) organic polymer in the 1:1 ratio, while the second layer consisted of PbS NCs. Finally, above the layer of the PbS NCs, Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) layer was deposited. The white light was generated with quite a good efficiency due to the confinement effect that makes the energy gap greater. The characteristics of the current-voltage (I-V) indicate acceptable conditions for the generation of white light by multiple excitons. It was found that the emission levels able to produce white luminescence, classified based on the coordinate system of chromaticity (CIE 1931), are x = 0.31, y = 0.33 while the correlated color temperature (CCT) is about 6250 K. The HWLEDs made from PbS NCs with hole injection from the organic polymer (PEDOT: PSS with PMMA), and electron injection from organic molecules (Alq3) are capable of white light generation.
Tumoral volume measured preoperatively by magnetic resonance imaging is related to survival in endometrial cancer
Authors: Coronado Pluvio J. , Santiago-López Javier de , Santiago-García Javier de , Méndez Ramiro , Fasero Maria , Herraiz Miguel A.
Published: January 2021

Background

The aim of the study was to determine if the endometrial tumor volume (TV) measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-TV) is associated with survival in endometrial cancer and lymph nodes metastases (LN+).

Patients and methods

We evaluated the MRI imaging and records of 341 women with endometrial cancer and preoperative MRI from 2008 to 2018. The MRI-TV was calculated using the ellipsoid formula measuring three perpendicular tumor diameters. Tumor myometrial invasion was also analyzed.

Results

Higher MRI-TV was associated with age ≥ 65y, non-endometrioid tumors, grade-3, deep-myometrial invasion, LN+ and advanced FIGO stage. There were 37 patients with LN+ (8.8%). Non-endometrioid tumors, deep-myometrial invasion, grade-3 and MRI-TV ≥ 10 cm3 were the factors associated with LN+. Using a receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve, the MRI-TV cut-off for survival was 10 cm3 (area under curve [AUC] = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.61–0.73). 5 years disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was significantly lower in MRI-TV ≥ 10 cm3 (69.3% vs. 84.5%, and 75.4% vs. 96.1%, respectively). MRI-TV was considered an independent factor of DFS (HR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.09–4.45, p = 0.029) and OS (HR: 3.88, 95% CI: 1.34–11.24, p = 0.012) in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions

MRI-TV was associated with LN+, and MRI-TV ≥ 10 cm3 was an independent prognostic factor of lower DFS and OS. The MRI-TV can be auxiliary information to plan the surgery strategy and predict the adjuvant treatment in women with endometrial cancer.
Typical air kerma area product values for trauma orthopaedic surgical procedures
Authors: Skrk Damijan , Petek Katja , Pekarovic Dean , Mekis Nejc
Published: January 2021

Background

The aim of study was to establish the typical radiation quantity values for the most common trauma orthopaedic surgical procedures and to compare them with reference values of equivalent procedures performed in other institutions. In addition, we assess the impact of image intensifier and flat panel detector technology used for fluoroscopically guidance on patient exposure.

Materials and methods

Five most frequently performed fluoroscopically guided trauma orthopaedic procedures in University Medical Centre Ljubljana were analysed. Data on 199 cases over a 6 months period from December 2016 to June 2017 were gathered retrospectively. Study covered 40 dynamic hip screw fixations (DHS), 23 proximal femoral nail insertions (PFN), 20 proximal humeral nail insertions (PHN), 77 partial hip endoprosthesis implantations (PEP) and 39 percutaneous posterior spine fixations (PPS). The median and average along with the first and third quartile values of air kerma area product (KAP) for each procedure type were calculated as well as median and average value of fluoroscopy screening time.

Results

Typical KAP value for dynamic hip screw fixation was set at 0.52 Gycm2; for proximal femoral nail insertion at 0.53 Gycm2 and for proximal humeral nail insertion at 0.26 Gycm2. For implantation of partial endoprosthesis typical KAP value utilizing flat panel technology was set at 0.08 Gycm2 and at 0.21 Gycm2 when the image intensifier technology was used. Typical KAP value for percutaneous posterior spine fixation was set at 1.26 Gycm2, using flat panel technology and at 3.98 Gycm2 using image intensifier technology.

Conclusions

Established typical KAP levels of surgical orthopaedic procedures in traumatology will serve as a valuable tool for further radiation exposure optimization.
Ways of conveying ethnocultural lexicon in translation of the novel Eugene Onegin by A. S. Pushkin into Portuguese (on the materials of Dário Moreira de Castro Alves’ translation)
Authors: Danilova Vasilisa Andreevna
Published: January 2021

The subject of this research is the ethnocultural lexicon in translation of A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin” into Portuguese language. The author views the term realia as a lexicon with ethnocultural semantics, characteristic to a specific language community. The research is aimed at the analysis of the means of conveying realia in two non-cognate languages, as well as in determination of ethnocultural differences of the lexemes signifying similar notions. The author believes that understanding and accurate interpretation of culturally marked lexicon are essential for translating foreign literature, studying and teaching foreign languages. Methods of the research are contextual and comparative analysis of the Russian realia in translation, which allowed determining the distinctions in cognition of text among the Russian and Portuguese native speakers. The novelty of this work is defined by reference to the only translation of the novel “Eugene Onegin” into Portuguese language that has not previously been an object of a linguoculturological study. The research revealed that realia may contain cultural component in the meaning of words and their connotation. As a result, the author indicates the differences of linguistic means of conveying realia in the Russian and Portuguese languages, and established the ways of conveying ethnocultural lexicon in translation of the novel, such as correlation, hypo-hyperonymic translation, adaptation, periphrastic translation, and calquing.
Peculiarities of civil claim and calculation of compensation for emotional harm in cases involving medical aid
Authors: Garipova Kristina Vital'evna
Published: January 2021

This article is dedicated to the specificity of filing a civil claim and calculation of compensation for emotional harm in criminal proceedings regarding the improper performance of medical personnel, for illustrating the amounts awarded by the courts of the Russian Federation and analyzing the compensation calculation procedure. The author carries out historical-legal and comparative-legal analysis of the institution of compensation for harm to the aggrieved party in Russia and foreign countries. The goal of this study consists in development of the concept of compensation for harm caused by improper performance of medical personnel that would require the current public needs. The article employs the universal dialectical, logical, formal legal, comparative-legal, and hermeneutic methods. The subject of this research is the norms of the criminal procedural and civil legislation that regulate the questions of compensation for harm in cases involving medical aid. Description is given to the methods of calculation of compensation offered by various representatives of legal science throughout the entire national history. The article is one of the first attempt to analyze compensation for harm within the framework of criminal cases involving medical aid. The conclusion is made that the courts of the Russian Federation award measly compensations.
Forgotten rituals of white shamans
Authors: Illarionov Vasilii Vasil'evich , Maksimova Aitalina Anatol'evna
Published: January 2021

The subject of this research is the repertoire of the white shaman I. A. Suzdalov-Sapalay. The object of this research is his shamanic rituals. Chronologically, the study covers the first half of the XX century. Methodological framework is comprised of the empirical method of description; general logical method of analysis by chronological principle; synthesis of the rites as a part of Aiy rituals. The method of synthesis, analysis and description of shamanic rites reveal certain pages of the ancient religious beliefs of the ancestors of Sakha people. The article examines the repertoire of shaman Sapalay – Ivan Andreevich Suzdalov, born in Abyysky District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The authors introduce into the scientific discourse the unique materials on Yakut shamanism. A detailed description is given to the rituals of the last Aiy shaman (white shaman) I. A. Suzdalov-Sapalay, docymented by the folklorists-collectors. The heritage of Ivan Andreevich Suzdalov-Sapalay reveals new nuances of the forgotten early religious beliefs of the Yakut people. His description of the rites gives representation on the worldview, faith, afterlife, three souls of human being, and rituals of the Yakut people.