bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISPENSASI KAWIN DI BAWAH UMUR (ANALISIS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 74/PUU-XII/2014 UJI MATERIIL PASAL 7 AYAT 2 UNDANG-UNDANG PERKAWINAN)
Authors: Norhasanah Norhasanah
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 74 / PUU-XII / 2014 tentang Peninjauan Kembali Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Pasal 7 Ayat (2) Interpretasi frasa “pejabat lainnya”, serta implikasi dari keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi.Jenis penelitian ini bersifat -normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan hukum (statute approach). Jenis penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian eksplanatif yang menjelaskan, memperkuat, atau menguji ketentuan hukum yang merupakan dasar dari keputusan peninjauan kembali Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap Pasal 7 ayat (2). Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dan informasi yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik penelitian pustaka dan wawancara. Bahan hukum yang digunakan sebagai referensi dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi tiga bahan, yaitu bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier yang terdiri dari undang-undang dalam undang-undang, keputusan pengadilan, buku, kamus hukum, dan jurnal ilmiah dan diproses dengan metode deskriptif analitis.Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penilaian hakim dalam keputusan menggunakan metode interpretasi gramatikal dari kata "atau" dalam teks artikel. Oleh karena itu diketahui bahwa hukum perkawinan menyediakan pilihan bebas bagi orang-orang yang ingin meminta dispensasi pernikahan asalkan ada kesulitan atau akses terbatas ke yurisdiksi Pengadilan. Dari bunyi teks Pasal 7 Ayat (2) dilihat dari sifat hukumnya, pasal tersebut bersifat fakultatif / mengatur. Ini berarti bahwa dalam keadaan konkretnya dispensasi pernikahan melalui Pengadilan dapat dikesampingkan karena kesulitan atau keterbatasan akses sehingga pasal tersebut tidak mengikat atau harus dipatuhi oleh Pengadilan. Implikasi putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi secara yuridis harus diambil lebih lanjut sehingga substansi yang diberikan kewenangan perkawinan di bawah umur memiliki payung hukum sebagai legal formal yang jelas. Sementara di tingkat sosiologis, putusan itu memunculkan dualisme otoritas antara Pengadilan dan Kantor Urusan Agama. Oleh karena itu, upaya untuk menyelaraskan peran Mahkamah dengan lembaga adalah dengan menjaga proses dispensasi di Kantor Urusan Agama melalui proses pengadilan oleh Pengadilan
METHOD OF DETERMINING A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATION IN CALCULATIONS OF COMPOSITE SHELLS USING MULTIGRID FINITE ELEMENTS
Authors: Grishanov Aleksandr Nikolaevich
Published: October 2018

A numerical method of determining a posteriori error estimates of solutions created for composite cylindrical shells using multigrid finite elements (MFE) has been proposed. The suggested method is based on ZZ method proposed by O. C. Zienkiewicz and J. Z. Zhu for both energy norm and L 2 norm of solution errors estimates. In contrast to ZZ method, the suggested method uses MFE that takes into account complex shapes, heterogeneous and micro-heterogeneous body structures and forms small dimension discrete models for creating «precise» solutions. To give examples there was carried out analysis of error estimates for displacements and stresses in calculation of stress-strain state (SSS) of three-layer cylindrical shells with and without cutouts under local loading. It has been stated that analysis of SSS using MFE causes converging sequences of approximate solutions in norm L 2. Calculations that use mean square error for stresses in each finite element of the shell show that MFE allow to use arbitrarily small regular discretization grids all over the shell area without the necessity to tighten the grid in local areas for calculating SSS. This leads to simple algorithms of calculating SSS with the help of MFE and ensures considerable saving of computer resources. In the given examples the use of MFE decreases the dimension of the system of MFE algebraic equations and reduces computer memory volume by 1 500 and 8∙104 times respectively, compared to the finite elements base model that doesn’t use MFE.
MULTIDIMENSIONAL REPRESENTATION OF AUTOMATIC DOSING DEVICE SIGNALS
Authors: Fedosenkov Denis Borisovich , Simikova Anna Alekseevna , Fedosenkov Boris Andreevich , Kulakov Stanislav Matveevich
Published: October 2018

The article describes the development of a special approach based on using multidimensional wavelet distributions principle to monitor and control the feed dozing processes in the mix preparation unit. As a key component, this approach uses the multidimensional time-frequency Wigner-Ville distribution, which is the part of Cohen's class distributions. The research focuses on signals characterizing mass transfer processes in the form of material flow measuring signals in relevant points of the unit. Wigner-Ville distribution has been shown in time terms as Fourier transform of products of multiplied parts of the signal under consideration for past and future time moments; corresponding distribution for the frequency spectrum is shown as Fourier transform of the products of signal parts for high-frequency and low-frequency fragments of the signal spectrum. It has been noted that when using a complex model of a dozing signal, discrete values (samples) of the latter are considered as its real values. The description of the signal parameters (amplitude, phase, frequency) has been carried out with the help of Hilbert transform. In Cohen's class distributions which represent one-dimensional non-stationary flow signals, the concept of ‘instantaneous frequency’ has been introduced. A graphical explanation for the transformation of a process flow signal from a one-dimensional time domain to a time-frequency 2 D/ 3 D -space is presented. The technology of developing a multidimensional image in the form of Wigner distribution for one-dimensional signals of continuous spiral or screw-type feeders has been examined in detail. There have been considered the features to support Wigner distribution, which allow to guess the presence or absence of time-frequency distribution elements in the interval of signal recording. There has been demonstrated how Wigner distribution can be obtained for a continuous-intermittent feeding signal. It has been concluded that for a certain types of the signal for zero fragments of the latter, non-zero time-frequency elements (i.e. virtual, anomalous ones) appear on the distribution. In addition to Wigner distribution, two other distributions - of Rihachek and Page - are considered. They display the same signal and also contain virtual elements, but in different domains of the time-frequency space. A generalized multidimensional compound signal distribution with a so-called distribution kernel available in it is presented, which includes a correction parameter that allows controlling the intensity of the virtual signal energy.
DESIGN OF OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE TO MULTI-AGENT MODELING OF ENTERPRISE PROCESSES
Authors: Ufimtceva Valentina Nikitichna , Zatonskiy Andrey Vladimirovich
Published: October 2018

The article focuses on the problem of jointly control of titanium sponge recovery and magnesium electrolysis stages. Analysis of operational process of segments of electrolysis and reduction of spongy titanium is made; it helps to determine systemic links and to investigate methods of joint control over them. The shortcomings of traditional simulation systems have been stated as applied to this task. A set of C++ classes is created to obtain possibility of designing simulation systems (and, potentially, multi-agent and active systems) of industrial processes that differ in absence of structurally pre-determined links between objects and complex algorithms of action and interaction of objects. Links between objects occur in the course of model developing, so the set can flexibly change. Technically, classes of all model objects are inherited from one base class, which allows to properly arrange their calling from a simulated time step function. Modelling time step is achieved by Δ t method, i.e. when special states are accounted after termination of a certain time segment. A unified time step function is cyclically going over all objects, until their state stops changing. Depth of inquiry is set a-priori. A check of created modeling tool made by solving a task with the known solution has been made. A model of elementary queuing system cell based on the class set has been developed. Comparison of the simulation results with results of a similar cell in GPSS. The correspondence of simulation results is shown. The problem of the necessary inquiry depth of objects using time step function has been investigated.
ESTIMATING PARAMETERS OF STATIC OBJECTS WITH MATRIX INPUT AND OUTPUT
Authors: Vostrikov Anatoly Sergeevich , Voevoda Alexander Aleksandrovich , Troshina Galina Vasil’evna
Published: October 2018

The least-squares method is widely applied when processing results received at the solution of tasks which are connected, for example, with the identification of dynamic objects or with the pattern recognition. The article considers the application of recurrent least-squares method for the parameters determination of a static object with a matrix input and a matrix output. As test input signals it is offered to use signals like a meander with single amplitude. The estimation results of the object parameters are given for a case when Gaussian noises occur at the object output. The simulation of input signals which are realizing impact on an object, and the iterative procedure of the least-squares method are executed in the Simulink environment. The blocks which are realizing the formation of the iterative procedure of parameters estimation correspond to basic formulas which are a part of the algorithm of the recurrent least-squares method. On the example of the second order object the estimates received as a result of the recurrent estimation constructed scheme are given in the graphic form. It is possible to mark that the fast convergence of the parameters estimates to basic parameter values of an object is stated. The behavior diagram of the gain coefficient which is present at the algorithm of the recurrent least-squares method is demonstrated. Testing the algorithm of the object parameters estimation was carried out using input signals like a meander with different periods. The simulation results show that the algorithm gives the good estimates of unknown parameters even in the presence of the considerable noise watched on the object output. The offered approach is supposed to be used for the parameters estimation of the higher order objects with the different parameters quantity.
EVALUATION OF STROBE EFFECTS ON BITMAP IMAGES
Authors: Al-Askari Mohannad Abdulsalam
Published: October 2018

The subject of research is improvement and evaluating of the quality of digital processing of the image for the purpose of removing undesired defects (artifacts) in the form of strobe effects. The article presents new evaluating techniques for strobe effects on images based on defining image boundaries by Canny and Prewitt methods. There have been examined the possibilities of estimating the strobe effects on raster images represented by RGB color model. Evaluation of strobe effects is carried out by comparing the contours selected by Canny and Prewitt methods for individual color components (red, green, blue) and gray scale images. On the selected contours there are determined their minimum and maximum coordinates, by which the boundaries of the contours are differentiated. As shown by experiments, this approach can serve as a numerical metric for strobe effects on raster images. Another proposed approach in assessing strobe effects is to compare the area of circles obtained from previous calculations. The ratio of the smaller area to the larger one can serve as a numerical metric for estimating strobe effects on raster images. The proposed metrics are supplied with numerical calculations and graphic illustrations.
PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF MARKET EQUILIBRIUM
Authors: Mikheev Andrej Vyacheslavovich
Published: October 2018

The article is focused on a probabilistic model of market equilibrium that allows for the change in time of the market price of the goods. The demand and supply are shown to be fully determined using the following random variables: the points in time of goods delivery to the market by producers; the points in time of goods purchase by consumers; the purchasing power of the consumer; the cost price of the producer's goods. In these terms, there has been derived an equation determining the dependence of the equilibrium market price on time. In the case when the laws of distribution of purchasing power and the cost price of goods coincide, the analytical expression describing the dynamics of the equilibrium market price can be found and the conditions under which this dynamics is stable can be determined. Numerical simulation of the found solution for several particular distribution laws of four above-mentioned random variables was carried out. Within the framework of the proposed model, the time dependence is found that approximates the real price dynamics for the Apple iPhone 6S Plus 16Gb smartphone, which was observed during the period from September 2015 to April 2018. The proposed model possesses practical significance in terms of ability to make decisions on practicability of purchasing (producing) goods in different points of the time, i.e. optimize expenses brought by purchasing (producing) of the goods.
Representaciones contemporáneas
Authors: Moyinedo Sergio
Published: October 2018

A lo largo de la historia del arte existieron diferentesmodalidades de representación. Luego de las representacionesmiméticas de la época clásica y del episodio moderno deautorrepresentación, la contemporaneidad artística presentanuevos caminos en la construcción de sus referenciastemáticas. Bajo esa nueva condición, las obras de distintosartistas recuperan, mediante modalidades contemporáneas, larepresentación de áreas temáticas propias del arte político ola autobiografía.
El circuito artístico platense. Reflexiones sobre espacios emergentes
Authors: Fükelman María Cristina
Published: October 2018

En este artículo se sintetizan algunos conceptos que sedesarrollan en la investigación iniciada en el año 2015 acercadel progreso de espacios culturales autogestivos. Estosámbitos extienden las posibilidades del campo artísticoplatense en referencia al arte contemporáneo y se los puedecaracterizar como emergentes atendiendo a los estudios dela sociología de la cultura realizados por Raymond Williams.Se reflexiona, así, sobre una nueva configuración de la figuradel artista, que implica un replanteamiento que abarca otrosaspectos más allá de la producción de obras, ya que avanzahacia la teoría y la actividad del gestor cultural y, de estamanera, se constituye en representante de sus colegas.
Representación y trauma. Un aporte a la complejidad del tema
Authors: Andruchow Marcela
Published: October 2018

Este artículo realiza un aporte a la complejidad del tema dela representación y el trauma desde su repercusión en lasproducciones estéticas. A partir de un relevamiento y deun análisis bibliográfico selectivo, plantea la necesidad deabordarlo con una metodología transdisciplinaria. A travésde un ejemplo del fetichismo narrativo, expone que todaaproximación al problema de la representación y del traumano pude evitar considerar la teoría del trauma.
Límites de la percepción y limitaciones del placer
Authors: Vallefin Juan Cruz
Published: October 2018

En esta reseña se analizan crítica y situadamente lospostulados de Lo estético. Percepción y placer tesis dedoctorado realizada por el investigador y docente EdgardoGutiérrez, señalando sus limitaciones ideológicas y portanto, teóricas. A su vez, se destaca la necesidad de unaaplicación crítica y situada de la filosofía para no caer ensujetos estéticos abstractos, apartados de su realidad yde las concepciones estéticas autóctonas y autónomas delrégimen hegemónico estético.
El arte del vitral
Authors: Porfirio Stella M.
Published: October 2018

En este trabajo se aborda el arte del vitral como unaproducción ancestral con el objetivo de contribuir aldesarrollo de una investigación bibliográfica que permitaclarificar y ordenar el material existente. A su vez, se realizaun análisis comparativo usando como indicadores la técnicay el estilo de la disciplina. La propuesta consiste en estudiarla técnica desde sus comienzos rudimentarios hasta laactualidad. Para ello, se analiza una exhaustiva bibliografíaacorde a la temática.
Historia y crítica del arte. Intento de desnaturalizar sus conversiones recientes
Authors: Gabrieloni Ana Lía
Published: October 2018

La historia del arte, escribió André Malraux (1951), es la historia de todo lo quepuede ser fotografiado. A mediados del siglo pasado, el uso expandido de lafotografía y del cine en la historia y en la crítica del arte invita a rever cómolos discursos de estas disciplinas fueron adaptándose y, sobre todo, explotandolas posibilidades expresivas de soportes eminentemente (audio) visuales endetrimento del medio escrito tradicional al que habían permanecido asociados,en gran medida, desde su origen en los escritos de Plinio el Viejo, Giorgio Vasariy Denis Diderot.
El retorno a la pintura. Entrevista a Julio Paz
Authors: De Rueda María de los Ángeles
Published: October 2018

Para contribuir con las historiografías futuras transcribo una entrevista querealicé en enero de 1994 al artista Julio Paz, quien se encontraba en BuenosAires visitando a su hermana, la grabadora Hilda Paz. El artista, reconocido enel exterior, había sentido su carrera truncada en el país por la censura y por lapersecución de la dictadura, a pesar de haber obtenido el gran premio de honor.Y con la humildad de un grande se alegró de que me interesara por su obra,que formó parte de mi objeto de tesis de posgrado. Pero la entrevista nuncasalió publicada en el boletín del instituto por haberse suspendido su edición alcabo de diez años.
Lärares lek och barns arbete
Authors: Botö Kerstin , Lantz-Andersson Annika , Wallerstedt Cecilia
Published: October 2018

The study emanates from the practice at the inter-section between subject-oriented activities and play in a preschool class. The focus on children’s early literacy development is grounded in two views: the bottom-up or phonics perspective (reading and writing primarily as a skill) and the top-down or whole language perspective (communicative function and meaning of written language). The aim is to explore how literacy activities are performed in a preschool class, specifically, how teachers and children interact in a literary activity where an educational TV-program is used as a teaching tool. Theoretically, the study is underpinned by a socio-cultural perspective on learning, and the data is comprised of video recordings of the classroom activities. The analysis focuses on how the interaction is framed by institutionally based perspectives on both learning and play. The results show that play is introduced in the activities, but becomes transformed into an interaction pattern akin to schooling, in which the phonicstradition takes precedence. The teachers solve the dilemma between play and work by framing the activity in a playful way, inspired by the TV-program, while the children’s work develops into accomplishing a task.   Keywords: preschool class, early literacy development, educational television program, teacher-child interaction, play
Dawn of Night: Music by Stephen Chatman (CD Review)
Authors: Ing Joannie
Published: October 2018

[no abstract]
Lightfoot – by Nicholas Jennings (Book Review)
Authors: Keillor Elaine
Published: October 2018

[no abstract]
Music and the Road: Essays on the Interplay of Music and the Popular Culture of the American Road – edited by Gordon E. Slethaug (Book Review)
Authors: Gage Alex
Published: October 2018

[no abstract]
Effect of smoking on the development of placental lesions
Authors: Shchegolev A I , Tumanova U N , Mishnev O D
Published: October 2018

The literature data on the effect of smoking on the development of placental lesions and complications of pregnancy are analyzed. The adverse effect of smoking on the morphofunctional state of the placenta is based on toxic substances that are released during smoking. Disturbances in the development of the placenta are noted both with active smoking and with passive smoking, both with smoking before pregnancy and during it. Smoking and tobacco smoke contribute to the more frequent development of miscarriage, chorioamnionitis, impaired of vascularization of chorion villi, previa and placental abruption, premature rupture of the membranes. Therefore, it is necessary to state the fact of smoking a pregnant woman in a clinical diagnosis. At the same time, smoking refers to preventable risk factors for complications of pregnancy and fetus.
Postpartum contraception: efficacy and safety
Authors: Nazarova N M , Prilepskaya V N , Nekrasova M E
Published: October 2018

Timely and reasonable selection of methods of contraception after childbirth from the standpoint of safety for the mother and the child, in addition to preventing unwanted pregnancy, preserves the reproductive health of the woman. When choosing a method of contraception in the postpartum period, it is necessary to take into account the impact of the method on lactation, the condition of the mother and child. Prenatal counseling allows to increase the commitment of women selected method of postpartum contraception.
Efficacy and safety of drospirenone-containing microdosage combined oral contraceptive use with starting contraception
Authors: Khachaturian A R , Misharina E V , Yarmolinskaya M I
Published: October 2018

Androgen-dependent dermopathy, as well as premenstrual syndrome of varying severity in young women, can cause emotional depression, difficulties in social adaptation and even depressive disorders. The aim of the study was to study the safety and efficacy of using a combined oral contraceptive (COC) Dimia® containing 20 μg ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg drospirenone in young women, as well as its therapeutic effects in androgen-dependent dermopathy. Materials and methods. The study included 57 young women aged 23.1±2.2 years with signs of androgen-dependent dermopathy. The evaluation of the change in the character of menstrual bleeding, the anthropometric parameters (body weight, waist circumference and hips), the therapeutic effect of the drug on the symptoms of androgen-dependent dermopathy, as well as the dynamics of arterial pressure, hemoglobin level, serum iron have been studied. The psycho-emotional state was assessed using the SAN questionnaire (well-being-activity-mood). Results. During 6 months of observation, there was no significant change in the body mass index, waist circumference, and hips, and the drug did not affect the blood pressure numbers. Against the background of taking the drug, there was an increase in the parameters of iron metabolism (hemoglobin content, serum iron). After 3 months of taking the contraceptive with drospirenone, the number of patients with a complaint about the abundance of menstruation decreased more than twofold (from 22.8 to 10.5%), and after 6 months of taking the drug no patient noted the profuse nature of menstruation. Before the start of taking COC with drospirenone, 57.9% of women reported painful menstrual bleeding. Against the background of taking the contraceptive within 3 months, this complaint was stopped in all patients. Sufficient efficacy of treatment of androgen dependent dermopathy in young women with the help of a microdosed drospirenone-containing combined oral contraceptive is estimated from the dermatological acne index. The analysis of the SAN questionnaire made it possible to reveal the improvement in the psychoemotional state of patients on the background of taking the drug. The conclusion. The results obtained proved the effectiveness and safety of the microclinized COC Dimia®. The drug has no significant effect on body weight, blood pressure, provides reliable control of the cycle and a decrease in menstrual bleeding, which results in stabilization of iron metabolism in the body. Dimia® is effective in the treatment of androgen-dependent dermopathy and can be recommended to young women for starting contraception.
Optimizing therapy of liver diseases not associated with viral infection
Authors: Svistunov A A , Osadchuk M A , Kireeva N V , Osadchuk M M
Published: October 2018

The review demonstrated results and prospects of non-pharmacological and drug therapy patients with liver disease, not associated with a viral infection. The presented data emphasize the relevance of studying the problem of effective therapy of diseases of the liver and its role in improving the course and outcomes of liver disease.
Evropeyskiy registr Helicobacter pylori (Hp-EuReg): analiz dannykh 2360 bol'nykh, poluchavshikh terapiyu pervoy linii v Rossii
Authors: Bordin D S , Embutnieks Yu V , Vologzhanina L G , Il'chishina T A , Voinovan I N , Sarsenbaeva A S , Alekseenko S A , Zaitsev O V , Abdulkhakov R A , Osipenko M F , Livzan M A , Tsukanov V V , Burkov S G , Bakulina N V , Dekhnich N N , Tarasova L V , Plotnikova E Yu , Maev I V , Kucheryavyi Yu A , Baryshnikova N V , Butov M A , Kolbasnikov S V , Pakhomova A L , Zhestkova T V , Baranovskii A Yu , Abdulkhakov S R , Ageeva E A , Lyalyukova E A , Vasyutin A V , Golubev N N , Savilova I V , Morkovkina L V , Kononova A G , Megraud F , O’Morain C , Ramas M , Nyssen O P , McNicholl A G , Gisbert J P
Published: October 2018

On behalf of the scientific Committee and researchers Hp-EuReg European Registry on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection («Hp-EuReg») - a multicenter prospective observational study initiated by the European Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group, conducted in 27 European countries in order to evaluate the real clinical practice of diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori and its comparison with international recommendations. Materials and methods. The analysis of 2360 patients entered in the register by the Russian centres of «Hp-EuReg» in 2013-2017, who were underwent 1st line eradication therapy. Results. The most common methods of primary diagnosis of H. pylori are histological (37.7%), rapid urease test (29.2%) and serology (29.7%). The duration of eradication therapy in 9.4% of cases was 7 days, in 65.3% - 10 days, and in 25.3% - 14 days. To control the effectiveness of treatment, H. pylori antigen in feces (31.3%), urea breath test (23.4%) and histological method (23.3%) were used. In 3.6% cases was used serology by mistake. In 17.3% of patients control was not carried out. The effectiveness of triple therapy with a PPI, amoxicillin, clarithromycin (per protocol) was 67.6%, with 7-day course, 81.1% at 10-day and 86.7% at 14-day course. Еradication rate of triple therapy with addition of bismuth (per protocol) reached 90,6% in the group receiving 10-day scheme and 93.6% in the group receiving the 14-day treatment. Conclusion. Significant deviations of clinical practice from expert recommendations, most pronounced at the stage of monitoring the effectiveness of therapy, were noted. The suboptimal efficacy of triple therapy is shown.
Clinical-morphological parallels of the PNPLA3 gene polymorphism in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Tikhomirova A S , Kislyakov V A , Baykova I E , Nikitin I G
Published: October 2018

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and its detection in the general population has reached a global scale. Despite the fact that in the early stages the disease is characterized by a relatively mild period, the development during its natural course of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma causes deterioration of long-term forecast. Growing evidence indicates that NAFLD is a complex, multifaceted etiology, involving many factors, including genetic. In the present review, we focused on the genetic component of NAFLD, namely, the role of the PNPLA3 gene polymorphism in the development and course of the disease, and States its progression, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Magnetic resonance imaging in recognition of ectopic pancreatic tissue (Clinical observation)
Authors: Kotlyarov P M
Published: October 2018

A rare clinical observation of retroperitoneal ectopy of pancreatic tissue with diligence to the kidney and jejunum is presented. For the first time, semiotics of ectopia is described according to the data of magnetic resonance imaging, which allows to determine with a high degree of reliability the belonging of the revealed structures to the tissues of the pancreas.
Disturbing Behaviours: Ole Ivar Lovaas and the Queer History of Autism Science
Authors: Gibson Margaret F. , Douglas Patty
Published: October 2018

This paper “queers” the history of autism science through an examination of the overlap between the regulation of autism with that of gender and sexuality in the work of Ole Ivar Lovaas. Lovaas is the founder of Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA), the most commonly used and funded autism intervention today that seeks to extinguish autistic behaviors, primarily among children. Less commonly recognized is Lovaas’ involvement in the Feminine Boy Project, where he developed interventions into the gender identities and behaviors of young people. Turning to Lovaas’ published works, we perform a “history of the present” and argue that a queer disability studies lens opens up the richness of autism as a cultural nexus, and deepens understandings of intersecting and contested histories of science, professional scopes of practice, and dominant futurities. The article makes a significant and timely contribution to understanding the disabling material effects of autism science in the lives of autistic persons. In particular, this case study highlights the need for feminist science studies to further investigate the historical and contemporary links between dominant scientific constructions of disability, gender, and sexuality.
Virtual Roundtable on “Decolonial Computing”
Authors: Chakravartty Paula , Mills Mara
Published: October 2018

Calls to wrest the history and anthropology of computing, information technology, and digital media away from eurocentric analyses have been raised in the fields of STS and media studies over the last decade. This roundtable revisits discussions that take us beyond the dominant developmentalist approaches to technology in the global South, weighing the gains that have been made to incorporate decolonial theory and practice.
Review of Feminists and Sciences: Critiques and Changing Perspectives in India Volume 1 & 2 (Sage Publications, 2015-2017)
Authors: Sur Abha
Published: October 2018

Book Review of Feminists and Sciences: Critiques and Changing Perspectives in India Volume 1 & 2, edited by Sumi Krishna and Gita Chadha
Digital Matters: Processes of Normalization in Medical Imaging
Authors: Fitsch Hannah , Friedrich Kathrin
Published: October 2018

With the introduction of advanced computing technologies, medical imaging increasingly entails normalization – through procedures that create, shape, and adjust comparable variables deduced from processes in the living body. The computational rationalities of imaging technologies such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and computed tomography (CT) not only determine how human bodies are envisioned and visualized, but also how they need to be aligned with apparatuses to answer experimental and diagnostic inquiries. By drawing on the theoretical concepts of computational rationality and intra-action and on ethnographic observations, we aim to disentangle processes of normalization and intra-actions of bodies and technologies in medical imaging on three levels. First, we show how, in the history of theoretical mathematics, dynamic processes were conceptualized as discrete and hence calculable. In particular, the ideas of Joseph Fourier informed the development of fMRI imaging algorithms, which are currently applied in experimental contexts. Second, we analyze how the application of these algorithms enables and determines practices in fMRI-based research. Third, we explore how bodies and technologies are aligned with tomography scanners on a very material level and thereby demonstrate the convergence of digitalization and materialization on both conceptual and physical levels, which opens up possibilities for visualizing and understanding human bodies. On a theoretical and analytical level, we argue that a critical analysis of digital imaging processes calls for scrutiny of the epistemic and operational preconditions that are actualized but concealed in the application of imaging technologies.
Implementasi Analisis NIDS Berbasis Snort Dengan Metode Fuzy Untuk Mengatasi Serangan LoRaWAN
Authors: Sandi Della Vinka , Arrofiq Muhammad
Published: October 2018

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara agraris dengan kondisi tanah yang sangat subur, tetapi perlu diketahui bahwa hasil dari pertanian saat ini belum maksimal di beberapa daerah, seperti halnya pada perkebunan stroberi. Tanaman stroberi sendiri membutuhkan tingkat suhu dan kelembaban udara yang tepat, agar hasil panen stroberi lebih maksimal. Kelembaban tanah dan suhu udara sering kali berubah tergantung cuaca, untuk itu penelitian ini akan membuat suatu alat atau portotipe yang disebut Smart Agriculture untuk melakukan monitoring suhu dan kelembaban tanah pada perkebunan stroberi. Data suhu dan kelembaban tanah akan dikirimkan melalui media transmisi nirkabel menuju ke smartphone menggunakan LoRa dan teknologi LoRaWAN. Teknologi ini mampu mengirimkan data dalam jarak yang cukup jauh, namun server rentan terhadap serangan seperti flooding payload data dari LoRa node,  ping flooding dan scanning port. Pada penelitian ini menerapkan serangan itu pada LoRaWAN network server yang berpengaruh pada Bandwidth, Delay, Jitter dan Throughput dari kondisi normal. Untuk melakukan deteksi serangan diimplementasikan metode Snort NIDS dan pengelompokan tindakan serangan (low, medium, high) dengan metode fuzzy logic. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berupa tindakan berupa pembacaan suhu dan kelembaban, notifikasi serangan dan blok alamat attacker. Selain itu dapat dibuktikan bahwa dengan adanya fuzzy dan snort mampu mengoptimalkan performa server.
Comparison of Aerodynamic, Bowen-Ratio, and Penman-Monteith Methods in Estimating Evapotranspiration of Oil Palm Plantation
Authors: June Tania , Srimani Puspa Dewi Ni Wayan , Meijide Ana
Published: October 2018

Oil palm is one important agricultural commodity that has high economic value. Oil palm productivity is significantly influenced by its water use (needs). Measurement and estimation of oil palm evapotranspiration is needed for determination of its water needs. Various methods are available and this study compare three methods, consisting of aerodynamic, Bowen-Ratio and Penman-Monteith methods in analyzing water needs/use of oil palms plantation located in PTPN VI Jambi.  Peak of evapotranspiration rate occured in the afternoon around 13.00 and 14.00 local time. Bowen-Ratio method has higher estimation value of evapotranspiration than the other two methods. Ratio between evapotranspiration and global radiation of two and ten-years old oil palm plantations remain similar, around 47%. Penman Monteith method has the nearest estimation value to reference method (aerodynamic method) showed by the smallest RMSE value, 0.087 for two years oil palm and 0.157 for ten-years old oil palm.
Treatment of 40 kHz continuous ultrasound towards blood cells of mice (Mus musculus L)
Authors: Kasmawan I Gde Antha , Sutapa Gusti Ngurah , Yuliara I Made
Published: October 2018

The application of ultrasound in mice has increased the activity of mice and showed anxious behavior that affects the blood cells of mice. This study aims to observe the effect of 40 kHz ultrasound exposure on the content of leukocytes and erythrocytes in blood cells of mice. For this purpose, five ultrasound treatments with sound pressure levels were 70, 75, 80, 85, and 90 dB respectively and one control in six sample groups, each consisting of five mice with the same weight and age. Sound treatment is carried out with a 40 kHz continuous ultrasound exposure of the same duration for two hours. Taking blood samples of mice is carried out as soon as the sample is given a sound treatment. Based on the results of blood tests of mice it was found that the average increase in the number of leukocyte mice varied between 40-1,070 cells/mm3 for variations in sound pressure levels from 70 to 90 dB with an increase in the highest average number of leukocyte (1,070 cells/mm3) at the sound pressure level 75 dB. With the same level of sound pressure level, the decrease in the average number of erythrocytes varied between 920,000-190,000 cells/mm3 with a decrease in the highest average number of erythrocytes (920,000 cells/mm3) at an 80 dB sound pressure level. The optimum level of sound pressure that can affect the average number of leukocytes and erythrocytes in blood cells of mice are still unknown.
Rapid Immobilization of Adult Aedes aegypti Caused By Plant Essential Oils At Sublethal Concentrations
Authors: Norris Edmund J. , Archevald-Cansobre Maria , Gross Aaron D. , Bartholomay Lyric C. , Coats Joel R.
Published: October 2018

Many synthetic insecticides cause immobilization in insect pests after they are exposed. This immobilization or knockdown is an important feature of intoxication that contributes to the abatement of pest insect populations, while preventing vectors of disease from biting and spreading pathogenic organisms to susceptible individuals. We have previously demonstrated that certain plant essential oils rapidly immobilize adult female mosquitoes that have been exposed via topical application. To further characterize this effect, adult female Aedes aegypti were exposed to multiple concentrations of 32 commercially available plant essential oils, and immobilization at 1 h after exposure was recorded. The dose required to produce the 1-h knockdown effect in 50% of the test population (KD50) was calculated and compared with concentrations of each plant essential oil that caused mortality at 24 h. In the current study, multiple plant essential oils caused high percentage knockdown at 1 h at lower concentrations than concentrations that caused mortality at 24 h. Moreover, delayed mortality was observed in mosquitoes that were exposed to various concentrations of the 2 plant essential oils that produced significant knockdown at 1 h. These observations demonstrate an important characteristic of many plant essential oils and represent a novel means for which these oils may be incorporated into future insecticidal formulations.
Comparison of BG-Sentinel Prototype, BG-Sentinel-1, and BG-Sentinel-2: Better Results With Modification of Earlier Design
Authors: Unlu Isik , Baker Mark
Published: October 2018

The BG-Sentinel® (BGS) trap is considered “the gold standard” for Aedes albopictus surveillance. With the risk of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses in the USA, it is imperative our best surveillance asset is as dependable and cost-effective as possible. Biogents AG (Regensburg, Germany) in recent years has manufactured 3 generations of BGS traps in an effort to optimize trapping performance of invasive Aedes species. We evaluated the field efficacy of BG-Sentinel 2 prototype (BGS2P), BG-Sentinel (BGS1), and BG-Sentinel 2® (BGS2). The field experiment was conducted between July 1 and September 21, 2016, on the outskirts of an abandoned industrial area in the city of Trenton, NJ (40°13′58.0″N, 74°44′21.6″W). All 3 traps were compared with 3-compound BG cartridge lures. There was no significant difference in total Ae. albopictus collections among BGS1 and BGS2. However, the number of Ae. albopictus collected from the BGS2P was significantly lower than BGS1 (P = 0.016) and BGS2 (P = 0.025). Our results indicate BGS2, encompassing the latest technology aimed with improved durability and efficacy, will yield the highest capture rates of adult Ae. albopictus mosquitoes.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭКОНОМИКИ КОЛЛЕКТИВНЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ
Authors: Майбурд Е. М.
Published: October 2018

В майском номере ЭКО опубликована интересная статья В. И. Клисторина [1]. Автор ставит важные вопросы о проблемах финансового обеспечения на разных уровнях управления в современной России. Возможно, в этой связи заинтересованным читателям покажутся любопытными опыт и теоретические разработки американских ученых. При всех огромных различиях в историческом развитии обеих стран, традициях и социальной психологии населения, знание идей Элинор и Винсента Остромов могут быть полезными при обсуждении вопросов централизации-децентрализации и в поисках оптимальных пределов соучастия государства в частной деятельности граждан. Настоящая статья посвящена двум темам и, соответственно, разбита на две части.
СТРУКТУРНЫЕ И КАЧЕСТВЕННЫЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ НА РЫНКЕ ХЛЕБА (АНАЛИЗ СОВРЕМЕННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ И ПРОБЛЕМ РАЗВИТИЯ)
Authors: Усенко Н. И. , Отмахова Ю. С. , Позняковский В. М.
Published: October 2018

В статье анализируются особенности происходящей кардинальной трансформации и конкурентных процессов на рынке хлеба и их влияние на изменение структуры товарного предложения и качества продукции. Рассмотрены особенности инноваций в сфере производства хлеба и хлебобулочных изделий.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ СПРОСА В КИТАЕ:ИЛЛЮСТРАЦИЯ ВОЗМОЖНЫХ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЙ МЕТОДОМ "ЗАТРАТЫ - ВЫПУСК"
Authors: Симола Х.
Published: October 2018

По мере того, как инвесторам становится все труднее найти возможности для инвестирования, традиционная модель роста Китая, основанная на увеличении производственных инвестиций, близка к исчерпанию. В настоящее время Китай столкнулся с проблемами изменения структуры внутреннего спроса в сторону увеличения потребления и замедления темпов роста. Поскольку Китай - уже вторая по величине экономика в мире, этот сдвиг неизбежно потребует коррекции структуры мировой экономики. Для иллюстрации коррекционного давления проанализированы межстрановые таблицы затраты - выпуск. Такое развитие Китая оказывает серьезное влияние на мировую экономику, требующее адаптации ее пространственной и отраслевой структуры. Однако изменения произойдут не сразу, и другие страны успеют самостоятельно справиться с ними. Разумеется, не следует недооценивать риски, которые могут помешать плавной коррекции мировой экономики.
ВНЕШНЯЯ ТОРГОВЛЯ АЛТАЙСКОГО КРАЯ. ВЗГЛЯД ЧЕРЕЗ ПРОГРАММУ, РЕТРОСПЕКТИВУ И ТЕКУЩИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
Authors: Ковалёва Г. Д.
Published: October 2018

В статье анализ внешней торговли Алтайского края представлен в контексте современных наиболее острых проблем на фоне ситуации в России и Сибирском федеральном округе. Высоко оценивается роль управления и регулирования ВЭД региона на основе программного подхода. Обсуждаются внешние и внутренние условия осуществления внешнеторговых операций.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ, ИЛИ ПОЧЕМУ РОССИЯ НЕ СТАЛА АМЕРИКОЙ. И НЕ БУДЕТ, ЕСЛИ
Authors: Ершов Ю. С.
Published: October 2018

В статье предпринята попытка объяснить, почему Россия с ее богатыми ресурсами до сих пор не превзошла западные страны по душевым показателям производства и потребления и почему не превзойдет в будущем. Версия, объясняющая это различиями в климатических условиях, обрекающими страну на повышенный уровень энергетических и капитальных затрат, признается несостоятельной. Помимо исторических, решающее значение имеют другие факторы - особенности взаимодействия с внешним миром, не позволяющие стране полностью использовать весь произведенный ВВП, специфика ее денежной системы, низкие квалификационные требования к руководящим кадрам и владельцам частного бизнеса, избирательно заимствованные из-за рубежа нововведения, приводящие к снижению эффективности использования трудовых ресурсов и повышенным издержкам производства.
ВРЕМЯ НЕ ЖДЕТ: ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ПРЕОДОЛЕНИЯ РЕЦЕССИИ В РОССИИ
Authors: Баранов А. О.
Published: October 2018

В статье кратко анализируются итоги экономического развития России в 2015 г. Рассматриваются теоретические и практические вопросы применения инструментов фискальной и монетарной политики для преодоления рецессии в российской экономике.
ОЦЕНКА ПЕРСПЕКТИВ СОЗДАНИЯ СЕВЕРНОГО ШИРОТНОГО ТРАНСПОРТНОГО КОРИДОРА
Authors: Блам Ю. Ш. , Крюков В. А. , Малов В. Ю. , Токарев А. Н. , Чурашев В. Н.
Published: October 2018

Дана оценка перспективного грузопотока по северному широтному коридору. Показаны возможные узкие места на широтных железнодорожных магистралях, связывающих запад и восток страны. Приведены исторические аналогии в принятии стратегических решений по транспортным проектам в Арктической зоне России. Обоснована целесообразность использования народнохозяйственных критериев для оценки крупных инфраструктурных проектов. Показана особая важность для достижения даже 2%-го ежегодного прироста экономики страны создания нового перехода через Уральский хребет на границах Республики Коми, Свердловской области и Ханты-Мансийского АО.
ПРОВАЛ РЕФОРМЫ ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА: ПРОЙДЕМСЯ ПО ПЕРСОНАЛИЯМ
Authors: Кибалов Е. Б.
Published: October 2018

В статье анализируется неудачная структурная реформа железнодорожного транспорта России. Цитируются исходные установки разработчиков проекта реформы, оказавшиеся несостоятельными, и спорные предложения Минэкономразвития по ее продолжению. Приводятся возражения оппонентов как на стадии обсуждения замысла проекта, так и при обсуждении путей его дальнейшего развития. Формулируются необходимые и достаточные условия продолжения реформы железнодорожного транспорта, обеспечивающие его устойчивое функционирование и эффективное развитие.
СОЗДАНИЕ СИЛЬНОЙ РЕДКОЗЕМЕЛЬНОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ РОССИИ: БЕЗ ГОСКОРПОРАЦИЙ НЕ ОСИЛИТЬ
Authors: Похиленко Н. П. , Крюков В. А. , Толстов А. В. , Самсонов Н. Ю.
Published: October 2018

В статье рассматриваются перспективы создания нового научно-технологического и коммерческого направления получения продукции из редкоземельных концентратов и оксидов уникального ниобий-редкоземельного месторождения Томтор (Россия, Якутия). Показано, что предприятия ГК Росатом при необходимости могут сформировать эффективную технологическую цепочку инновационного типа переработка руды - получение высоколиквидной РЗМ-продукции.
РАЗВИТИЕ КОРПОРАТИВНОЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ В ПОСТКОММУНИСТИЧЕСКИХ СТРАНАХ
Authors: Блам И. Ю. , Борсекова К. , Петрикова К. , Соколович М.
Published: October 2018

Статья посвящена проблемам становления института социальной ответственности бизнеса в посткоммунистических странах. Предпринята попытка сравнительного анализа роли градообразующих предприятий в социальном развитии так называемых монопрофильных поселений в Польше, России и Словакии. По мнению авторов, при всём богатстве форм социально ответственного поведения во всех этих государствах наблюдается тенденция постепенной утраты градообразующими предприятиями исторически навязанной им патерналистской роли гарантированных поставщиков социальной защиты. Происходит постепенная трансформация традиционной модели взаимодействия предприятий и локального сообщества в более современные формы корпоративно-социальной ответственности, основанные на добровольном участии в социально-экономическом развитии населенных пунктов и регионов присутствия.
РОССИЯ В ХХ ВЕКЕ. ЦЕНА РЕВОЛЮЦИИ
Authors: Клисторин В. И.
Published: October 2018

Рассматриваются экономические и демографические последствия российской революции 1917 г. В краткосрочном периоде они не оказали существенного влияния на макроэкономические показатели страны. Но последующие события - национализация банков и промышленных предприятий, инфраструктуры, Гражданская война и экспорт революции вызвали глубочайший кризис. Милитаризация экономики и массовые репрессии привели к сокращению и снижению качества человеческого капитала. Бурный экономический рост неоднократно сменялся периодами застоя, часто носил восстановительный характер. Проблемы неравенства и снятия барьеров на пути развития производительных сил оказались нерешенными для России в ХХ веке.