bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Childhood Maltreatment to Adult Inflammation: Evidence for the Mediational Status of Social Anxiety and Low Positive Affect
Authors: Carlton Corinne , Garcia Katelyn Mallory , Sullivan-Toole Holly , Stanton Kasey , McDonnell Christina G , Richey John
Published: April 2021

Prior work has established a robust association between childhood maltreatment and systemic inflammatory activation later in life; however, the mechanisms involved in this process remain incompletely understood. The purpose of this investigation was to examine potential mechanistic roles for social anxiety (SA) symptoms and low positive affect (PA) in the path from childhood maltreatment to elevations in circulating interleukin (IL)-6, a common biomarker of inflammatory activation. In addition, building on prior work establishing linkages between mindful awareness and reductions in systemic inflammation, we examined the potential role of trait mindfulness as a moderator of the relationships among childhood maltreatment, SA, low PA, and IL-6. A serial mediation model utilizing a large epidemiologic dataset (final N=527) supported our central hypothesis that the direct effect of childhood maltreatment on IL-6 was fully serially mediated by SA symptoms and low PA (but not high negative affect). Additionally, results indicated that individuals falling in the upper versus lower quartiles of SA symptoms demonstrated significantly elevated concentrations of IL-6, a finding that has not been previously reported. Trait mindfulness moderated the association between low PA and IL-6, to the exclusion of any paths related to negative affect. Overall, we conclude that childhood maltreatment and SA symptoms have a significant influence on IL-6, albeit indirectly via low PA, and the influence of PA on IL-6 may be uniquely susceptible to influence by individual differences in mindfulness.
Contribution of the right temporoparietal junction and ventromedial prefrontal cortex to theory of mind in autism: A randomized, sham-controlled tDCS study
Authors: Salehinejad Mohammad Ali , Paknia Nasim , Hosseinpour Amir Hossein , Yavari Fatemeh , Vicario Carmelo M. , Nitsche Michael A. , Nejati Vahid
Published: April 2021

Theory of mind (ToM) is the ability to attribute subjective mental states to oneself and others and is significantly impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A frontal‐posterior network of regions including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and temporoparietal junction (TPJ) is involved in ToM. Previous studies show an underactivation of these regions in ASD. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation method for causally investigating brain‐behavior relationships via induction of cortical excitability alterations. tDCS, mostly over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, has been increasingly applied for improving behavioral problems in ASD leaving other potentially interesting regions untouched. Here we investigated the contribution of the vmPFC and right TPJ in ToM abilities of ASD children via tDCS in a pilot study. Sixteen children with ASD (mean age = 10.7 ± 1.9) underwent three tDCS sessions (1 mA, 20 min) in a randomized, sham‐controlled design. Stimulation protocols included: (a) anodal vmPFC tDCS, (b) anodal r‐TPJ tDCS, and (c) sham tDCS. ToM abilities were explored during tDCS using the theory of mind test (TOMT). Our results show that activation of the vmPFC with anodal tDCS significantly improved ToM in children with ASD compared with both, r‐TPJ tDCS, and sham stimulation. Specifically, precursors of ToM (e.g., emotion recognition, perception, and imitation) and elementary ToM skills (e.g., first‐order mental state reasoning) were significantly improved by anodal vmPFC tDCS. Based on these results, the vmPFC could be a potential target region for the reduction of ASD symptoms via noninvasive brain stimulation, which should be examined in larger detail in future studies
Image that Matters: News Media Consumption and Party Leader Effects on Voting Behavior
Authors: Garzia Diego , da Silva Frederico Ferreira , De Angelis Andrea
Published: April 2021

Television is customarily put forward as a driver of the “personalization of politics.” The characteristics of this visual medium arguably accentuate personality at the expense of substantive programmatic goals, downplaying partisan attachments and ideology as determinants of the vote in favor of candidate and party leader assessments. While there is evidence of this trend for presidential democracies, notably the United States, this linkage is yet to be fully explored for parliamentary democracies undergoing a process of personalization. This study addresses this gap through an analysis of pooled national election study data from thirteen Western European parliamentary democracies collected between 1982 and 2016. Our results show that leader effects are significantly stronger among individuals with a television-dominant media diet. The findings provide support to the yet underdeveloped theoretical relationship between media change and the personalization of politics, while also speaking to the broader question involving the importance of media for contemporary democratic elections.
40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Main Cental Thrust (MCT) region: Evidence for late Miocene to Pliocene disturbances along the MCT, Marsyangdi River valley, west-central Nepal Himalaya
Authors: Edwards Rebecca M.
Published: April 2021

A series of 40Ar/39Ar radiometric age data on biotites and muscovites from the MCT zone in the Marsyangdi River valley in west-central Nepal indicates that disturbances along the MCT occurred in the late Miocene to Pliocene, significantly post-dating the major deformation event of 20 Ma. The biotite and muscovite cooling ages from within 5 km on either side of the MCT range from 2.6 Ma to 9.4 Ma. Biotite cooling ages as young as 2.9 and 3.1 Ma have been found within one km of the MCT. Other ages are younger than 5 Ma. and almost all cooling ages from the area younger than 9.4 Ma.
Metamorphism and thermal history of the Jaljala Synclinorium, central west Nepal Himalaya
Authors: Sharma Toran , Kizaki Koshiro
Published: April 2021

Present mineralogical studies have revealed the thermal structure of metamorphosed pelitic and semipelitic rock terrains in the five different sections across the Jaljala Synclinorium in the central west Nepal Himalaya. The thermal gradient is estimated from the partitioning   of   Fe and Mg between the co-existing garnet and   biotite.  The  general   trend  of   the   thermal  structure   is  also  inferred  from  the  variation  of   the   Na/Na+ K   ratio  of   muscovite   in  different  sections.  The observed thermal structure and   the   metamorphism   of   the Jaljala Synclinorium is found to be explainable by a frictional shear heating model.
Abundance and distribution of Sardinella tawilis (Herre, 1927) larvae in Lake Taal, Philippines
Authors: Mutia Maria Theresa , Merilles Ma. Lourdes , Muyot Myla C , Tordecilla Benjie
Published: April 2021

As part of the conservation efforts to address the declining population of the only freshwater Sardinella (Family Clupeidae) endemic to Lake Taal, a two-year study was conducted to determine the possible spawning grounds of Sardinella tawilis (Herre, 1927) by identifying the spatial and temporal distribution of its larvae. Fish larval samples were sorted from ichthyoplankton samples collected monthly in selected sampling stations in the lake. The morphologically identified Clupeidae larvae were determined to be S. tawilis genetically. They appeared only during March to May, with maximum abundance reaching from 700 to 1,700 ind 100m-3 during April 2015. Among the 10 water, 5 weather, and 11 biological parameters analyzed using Redundancy Analysis (RDA), temperature and other weather parameters largely influenced the temporal distribution of tawilis larvae. In terms of spatial distribution, the stations on the eastern bay of the lake showed an abundant and consistent presence of tawilis larvae for two years. Other stations which showed the presence of tawilis larvae include the southern portion of the lake, as well as in stations south to southwest area of Volcano Island. The seasonal and site-specific occurrence of tawilis larvae confirmed its spawning season and potential spawning grounds, which can serve as a scientific basis in the establishment of a Tawilis Reserve Area, as stipulated in the Unified Rules and Regulations for Fisheries in the Taal Volcano Protected Landscape Management Plan (TVPL-MP 2011).
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WEB APPLICATION PERFORMANCE IN CASE OF USING REST VERSUS GRAPHQL
Authors:   Academy of Technical and Art Applied Studies Belgrade (ATUSS) - Department School of Applied Studies for Information and Communication Technologies Belgrade, Zdravka Celara 16, Serbia, Vesić Milena , Kojić Nenad ,   Academy of Technical and Art Applied Studies Belgrade (ATUSS) - Department School of Applied Studies for Information and Communication Technologies Belgrade, Zdravka Celara 16, Serbia
Published: April 2021

Web applications are the most common type of application in modern society since they can be accessed by a large number of users at any time from any device. The only condition for their use is an Internet connection. Most applications run using the HTTP protocol and client-server architecture. This architecture is based on the use of API (Application programming interface), most often REST architecture (Representational State Transfer). If there are several different functionalities on the website that fill their content with data from the web server, for most of them a special HTTP request must be generated with one of the existing methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE). This way of communication can be a big problem if the connection to the Internet is weak, there are a lot of HTTP requests because you have to wait for each request to be executed and for the web server to return the data. In this paper, one implementation of GraphQL is presented. GraphQL is an open-source data query and manipulation language for APIs. GraphQL enables faster application development and has less server code. The key advantage is the number of HTTP requests because all the desired data of the page is obtained with one request. This paper will show a comparative analysis on the example of a real website in the case of using the REST architecture and GraphQL in the case of different qualities of Internet connections, code complexity and the number of required requests.
CHALLENGES IN MANAGING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS DURING CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Authors:   Faculty of Law, UNION University, Belgrade, Serbia, Lukinović Mario , Jovanović Larisa ,   ALFA BK University, Belgrade, Serbia, Šašo Vladimir ,   ALFA BK University, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: April 2021

The socio-economic impact of the pandemic on all social spheres is huge, but like any crisis, for some it is an opportunity to create, develop and promote solutions. The coronavirus pandemic has brought many changes. It has forced us all to find new ways of working, interacting and living. The field of intellectual property is particularly affected by the coronavirus pandemic, its strong influence has affected all branches of intellectual property, especially the field of copyright and patents. During the COVID-19 Pandemic, numerous anomalies in the consumption of copyrights were observed, which coincided with the isolation measures, from drastically increased consumption of illegal pirated content via the Internet, especially in countries with lockdown, through a sharp increase of Disney+ and Netflix streaming platform users. The identification of products that have the word Corona in their name – in their trademark, with the virus has led to a sharp drop in consumption of some products, but also to increased sales of others. The pharmaceutical industry has invested huge funds in the fight against this global challenge, especially in the field of treatment of viruses, new drugs for the prevention, as well as finding a vaccine against COVID-19. This paper discusses the challenges faced by the management of intellectual property rights and potential response measures.
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS PRODUCED IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN EU
Authors:   Department of Economics and Economy, Faculty of Management, University of Prešov, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia, Dubravská Mariana , Širá Elena ,   Department of Economics and Economy, Faculty of Management, University of Prešov, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia
Published: April 2021

Each economy must adapt its activities to the protection of the environment. It is now an essential part of everyday life, in the face of various climate changes. The Europe 2020 strategy sets out a set of objectives in the EU, including those promoting environmental sustainability, called sustainable growth. The aim of the paper is to determine, if the performance of the country, in the area of greenhouse gas emissions reduction is adequate to the strategy Europe 2020. In the analysis of greenhouse gas emission reductions, we will also focus on the agriculture sector and compare the development over time with the development in other EU countries. The analyzed period is 10 years, from 2009 - 2018. The article investigated the performance of greenhouse gas emissions in the example of EU (including the Great Britain) countries.
LEVELS OF SOME PRIORITY SUBSTANCES ON ADRIATIC SEA, ALBANIA
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana University, Blv. ", Nuro Aurel ,   Zog I",   , Nr. 25, Tirana, Albania, Murtaj Bledar ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana University, Blv. "Zog I", Nr. 25, Tirana, Albania
Published: April 2021

This study evaluated levels for organochlorine pesticides (DDTs, HCHs, Heptachlors, Aldrins and Endosulfanes), their residues, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and poly aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in water samples of Adriatic Sea, Albanian part. Water stations were chosen near the main river estuaries of Albania (Vjosa, Semani, Shkumbini, Erzeni, Mati and Buna rivers). These rivers have catchment areas that cover almost all Albania. First, agricultural, industrial and urban waste is transported in these rivers and after that they finished in Adriatic Sea. Water samples were analyzed for a five-year period from February 2015 to December 2019. Liquid-liquid extraction was used to isolate chlorinated pollutants and a florisil column was used for clean-up procedure. Analysis of organochlorine pesticides (according to Method EPA 8081B) and 7 PCB markers was realized using GC/ECD and RTX-5 capillary column. The PAHs were isolated by liquid-liquid extraction technique and after sample concentration qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed by the GC/FID technique. Organochlorine pollutants were detected for all stations of Adriatic Sea because of new arrivals by agricultural and industrial activity in river basins. The highest levels were found near Shkumbini and Semani estuaries due to impact Myzeqeja agricultural area. New arrivals from water irrigation and rainfall influence in found levels. Degradation products of pesticides and volatile PCBs were found at higher levels for all samples analyzed. The levels of some individual organochlorine pesticides were higher than EU and Albanian norms for Semani and Shkumbini rivers. Also, PAHs were found at higher levels for Semani River because of extracting-processing industry in Patos-Marinza area. Monitoring of organic pollutants in water of Adriatic Sea should be continuous because of its importance in fishing, tourism, recreation and Albania economy overall.
HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF LEMON BALM (MELISSA OFFICINALIS L.) CULTIVATED ON HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATED SOILS
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Agricultural University – Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Angelova Violina
Published: April 2021

Comparative research has been conducted to allow us to determine the content of heavy metals and chemical composition of lemon balm oils, as well as to identify the possibility of lemon balm growth on soils contaminated by heavy metals. The experimental plots were situated at different distances of 0.5 km, and 15 km, respectively, from the source of pollution the Non-Ferrous-Metal Works (MFMW) near Plovdiv, Bulgaria. On reaching the flowering stage the lemon balm plants were gathered. The content of heavy metals in leaves of lemon balm was determined by ICP. The essential oils of the lemon balm were obtained by steam distillation in laboratory conditions which were analyzed for heavy metals and chemical composition was determined. Lemon balm is a plant that is tolerant to heavy metals and can be grown on contaminated soils. Heavy metals do not affect the development of lemon balm and the quality and quantity of oil obtained from it. Forty components were identified in the oils. The quantity of identified compounds corresponds to 98.82-98.83% of the total oil content. Among the detected compounds, beta-citral (neral) (19.31-20.78%), alfa-citral (geranial) (18,65-19,12%), β-caryophyllene (14.76-16.28%), α-cadinol (3.88-4.74%), geranyl acetate (3.49-3.59%), trans-geraniol (3.40-3.51%), germacrene (3.18-3.28%), citronellal (2.94-3.03%), nerol (2.63-2.71%), neryl acetate (2.42 -2.49%) were the major compounds. The essential oil of Melissa officinalis L. can be a valuable product for farmers from polluted regions.
SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN TOURISM AND THEIR IMPACT ON REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Alexander Dubček University in Trenčín, Faculty of Social and Economic Relations, Študentská 3, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia, Kráľová Katarína , Sochuľáková Jana ,   Alexander Dubček University in Trenčín, Faculty of Social and Economic Relations, Študentská 3, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia, Petrušová Dagmar ,   Alexander Dubček University in Trenčín, Faculty of Social and Economic Relations, Študentská 3, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia
Published: April 2021

A long-term problem of the Slovak economy is significant regional disparities caused by insufficient use of existing local resources. Inefficient and unsystematic use of existing resources at the local level causes a decrease in the competitiveness of these regions, which is also reflected in the overall performance of the economy. In our article, after the initial definition of basic terminology, we will focus on the evaluation of regional disparities and the current development of regional differences in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. We will evaluate the impact of SMEs on regional development in the Slovak Republic. However, we will focus primarily on their positive benefits to reducing regional disparities in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. We will pay particular attention to SMEs operating in the field of tourism in individual regions, how they contribute or in the future can solve the problem of reducing regional disparities.
EARLY IDENTIFICATION OF THE NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors:   Research Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision-MakingSystems in Industry and Economics,Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Elcin Huseyn
Published: April 2021

Diabetes mellitus is still a very common disease in the world and affects the daily lives of patients negatively. Diabetes is also known to be associated with neurological diseases such as peripheral nerve diseases, stroke and dementia. Among these, the most common disease is a peripheral nerve disease, and it has been reported that poor diabetic control increases the risk of development and can be prevented by education of the patients. Vascular dementia is more common in patients with diabetes than Alzheimer's disease, and it is thought that cerebrovascular diseases may berelated to cognitive impairment in diabetes. Although the mechanisms by which diabetes affects the brain are not clearly revealed, it is thought that changes in vascular structure, insulin resistance, glucose toxicity, oxidative stress, accumulation of glycation end products, hypoglycemic episodes and amyloid metabolism are effective.The aim of this article is to describe the neurological complications of diabetes and to emphasize the importance of patient education, good diabetes control and early diagnosis in preventing these complications.
SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOUND-HEALING SOFT DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF SERVICEMEN AT THE HOSPITAL STAGE
Authors:   Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Associate Professor,Ukrainian Military Medical Academy, Kyiv,Ukraine, Tarasenko V. O. , Drozdov D. V. ,   Candidate ofPharmaceutical Sciences,Associate Professor,Ukrainian Military Medical Academy, Kyiv,Ukraine, Bielozorova O. V. ,   Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Head of the Scientific and Organizational Department,Ukrainian Military Medical Academy, Kyiv,Ukraine, Plieshkova O. V. ,   Senior Lecturer, Ukrainian Military Medical Academy, Kyiv,Ukraine, Dobrovolnyi O. O. ,   Professor, Ukrainian Military Medical Academy, Kyiv,Ukraine
Published: April 2021

The aim of this articleis to present research focused on the scientific grounding and development of a modern Ukrainian-made medical preparation with a complex effect for local treatment of wounds, in the form of an ointment, capable of anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and local anesthetic effect, and which does not require frequent changes in the treatment of wounded military personnel.
SURFACE MODIFICATION OF CANARIUM OVATUMENGL.(PILI) SHELL AS ADSORBENT OF LEAD(Pb2+) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors:   MSc.,International Chemistry Teacher,Nazarbayev Intellectual School of Chemistry and Biology, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan, Cajucom Ernesto Jr. S. , Figueroa Lolibeth V. ,   PhD., Professor, Dela Salle University Dasmarinas, Philippines
Published: April 2021

This study was carried out to investigate the efficiency of raw pili shell (RPS) and the surface modified pili shell using EDTA (EMPS) and oxalic acid (OMPS). A comparative study on the adsorption capacity of the adsorbents was performed against lead (Pb2+) from aqueous solution. The adsorbents were characterized by FTIR, which showed higher peak of adsorption bands of carboxylic groups on the acid modified pili shells. Scanning electron microscope orSEM was also used to describe the surface morphology of the adsorbents. The linear form of Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to represent adsorption data. The calculated equilibrium data of Pb (II) best fitted to Langmuir compare to Freundlich isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 27.03 mg/g and 45.45 mg/g using EMPS and OMPS, respectively. Kinetic sorption models were used to determine the adsorption mechanism and the kinetic data of all the adsorbents correlated (R2=1) wellwith the pseudo second order kinetic model. Among the three adsorbents, OMPS shown higher percent removal of lead compared to RPS and EMPS. The large adsorption capacity rate indicated that chemically modified pili shell in present study has great potential to be used as a cost-effective adsorbent for the removal of lead ions from the water.
Relevant Questions of Provision of Voluntary Assistance for Disabled People and People with Reduced Capabilities Studying Branches of Jurisprudence in Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Gordeeva Kseniia Dmitrievna , Nikolaev Aleksandr Vasilevich
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of student volunteering in the field of education for people with disabilities and the analysis of the regulatory, methodological and technical conditions for the effective functioning of inclusive education in higher educational institutions in the field of jurisprudence disciplines. The factors for creating conditions for a comfortable psychological stay of students with disabilities are determined. There are also assessments of inclusive volunteer activities by public and political figures.
Possibilities of Adaptive Testing Usage in Students' e-Learning
Authors: Shchedrina Elena Vladimirovna
Published: April 2021

The paper considers the possibilities of adaptive testing in the organization of e-learning in the educational environment of the university with the help of electronic educational resources. The author analyzes the possibilities of adaptive testing and the practice of its application in the works of many authors. A variant of using the adaptive testing apparatus for managing the student's educational vector is proposed.
The Peculiarities of Modern Methods of Marketing Communication Policy Application by Enterprises
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Pomaz Oleksandr , Voronko-Nevidnycha Tetiana ,   Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Dereza Vladuslav ,   Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Mykhailyk Artem ,   Poltava State Agrarian Academy
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The article deals with current issues related to the application of modern methods of marketing communication policy at enterprises, and with the research of different scientists’ approaches in defining this concept. Results. It has been proved that modern enterprises, regardless of their field of activity, require the establishment of long-term mutually beneficial relationships with suppliers, intermediaries, partners and, most importantly, with customers, therefore there is an urgent need for effective communication policy. The problems of forming marketing communications of domestic enterprises have been highlighted. It has been determined that the effective application of the communication policy of business entities becomes more important due to the increasing level of competition, the spread of globalization processes in the modern world, the impact of the pandemic, etc. As a result, communications are becoming almost the main driver of business growth. The main tasks of the marketing communications system and their functions have been described. The relevance of both traditional and new methods of using marketing communication tools has been proved. In particular, among modern methods of marketing communication policy, which have found application in the business practices of the leading companies, are specified: Internet marketing, event marketing; holistic (comprehensive, integrated) marketing; story-telling (technology to create a story and transmit the necessary information by using it); tryvertising (the consumer can first try a product and then buy it) sensitive marketing; identification marketing (based on the features of the brand), input or involving marketing (sending out content useful to the target audience through a blog or e-mail); impact marketing, etc. The need to develop marketing communications management was noted. Conclusions. It has been substantiated that enterprises need to constantly respond to the existing customer expectations that are a dominant factor in the success of the products (works, services) sale by effectively applying the marketing communications system. Keywords: communication; marketing communication; agrarian enterprise; promotion; communication policy.
City Image Management as a Component of Municipal Marketing
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Stamat Viktoriia , Smyrnova Anastasiia ,   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University
Published: April 2021

Introduction. In modern conditions of globalization and decentralization, emphasizing the features of certain territories becomes especially important. Each territory, city has certain competitive advantages, the identification and emphasis of which allows you to manage the development of the area. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a dialectical method of cognition, a systematic approach to the study of aspects of city image management. The following methods were used during the study: abstract-logical, correlation of qualitative features with determination of Cramer’s coefficient and chi-square; score, Likert scale and semantic differential (in the survey of residents), graphical method. Purpose. The purpose of scientific work is to develop theoretical and methodological and practical aspects of the city image managing using modern marketing technologies. Results. The article has evaluated the existing Mykolaiv city image and has substantiated the expediency of its management. As a result of the survey, an image of the city has been formed, which appeared in the imagination of local residents. The key factors for which Mykolaiv should work on image, and the factors forming image of the city according to inhabitants have been revealed. The author’s own method has been used to assess the existing image. This method can be used to assess the image of other cities, as it is universal except for certain features of the city in terms of its characteristics. Conclusions. The survey revealed a strong relationship between the category of residents and indicators of their attitude to the city. Based on the obtained data, the segmentation of local residents was carried out using socio-demographic and behavioral criteria. Further key steps of management of the existing city image in order to increase the commitment of citizens to Mykolaiv taking into account target segments of the city are developed. The list of Mykolaiv image management measures has been made and grouped taking into account offers of various categories of citizens. Keywords: city image; city image management; city brand; segmentation; target city segments; “city product”; image events.
Unconditional Basic Income as an Instrument of State Social Policy
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute of Igor Sikorsky”, Stokolos Vlad
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Introduction. The article considers the concept of unconditional basic income in the study of social policy as a state instrument of universal social justice. Considerable attention paid to the prospects for the introduction of unconditional basic income and the implementation of its basic principles into Ukrainian legislation. Various approaches of legal regulations and etymology of social policy in the context of the state security system are considered. Significant emphasis placed on the study of the theoretical challenge of unconditional basic income, namely the study of the functioning of such a mechanism in modern communicative realities. This research is a product of analytics and was created without taking into account the author’s political ideas. Given the recommended amount of research, the issues of unconditional basic income was considered not to be completed. Purpose. One of the main tasks of the article is to study the mechanism of functioning of unconditional basic income and the possibility of its application in practice. It is also worth giving your own view of the social policy problems. The tasks of the article are to analyze the modern social security system and to suggest options for its improvement. Results. The theory of unconditional basic income currently has no practical application. Despite a significant number of theoretical experiments, no country in the world uses the instrument of unconditional basic income at the legislative level. Therefore, it is too early to talk about the implementation of this theory of social policy in practice in Ukraine. Conclusions. Theory of unconditional basic income has a strong intellectual tradition, but the practical application of this instrument of social policy not implemented. Our studies show that such a system promotes the development of human capital and increases the geographical mobility of people. Unconditional basic income creates material support that promotes human development in other spheres of life. However, it was noted that conducting such a social policy requires significant expenditures from the state budget. This creates material barriers for some countries to use unconditional basic income as a tool of social policy. Keywords: unconditional basic income; social policy; state institutions; legal system.
The Impact of the Unrecovered VAT Tax Credit on the Financial Position of Agricultural Producers
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi University of Management and Law, Yarmolenko Yuri
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Introduction. The article examines the impact of arrears on the tax credit declared in the tax reporting and undeclared for reimbursement on the financial position of large agricultural producers and farms using correlation analysis. 10 large agricultural enterprises of Khmelnytskyi region, which had the largest amount of arrears of unrecovered tax credit in declarations in 2018 and 10 farms according to the largest indicator of negative value of VAT (line 21 of the declaration for December) were selected. The influence of tax factors (unrecovered VAT, export supplies at a tax rate of 0%) on the financial condition of agricultural producers was investigated using econometric calculations (correlation analysis). It has been established that export operations are the main indicator that allows large agricultural producers-exporters to form the unrecovered VAT. This conclusion has been substantiated by the fact that the negative value of the unrecovered tax credit by 77.3% according to the determination coefficient (Ky х100) depends on the supply of agricultural products outside Ukraine at a zero VAT rate. The share of the influence of all other factors on the unrecovered VAT accounts for 22.7%. The opposite situation in terms of the dependence of the results of activities on the declared and unrecovered VAT has been observed in the farms of the region. According to the calculations and the data of the multiple regression coefficient, an average correlation (Ryx = 0,594) was found between the availability of farmland and the financial position of farming enterprises. Thus, the indicator of the availability of land (arable land) in use influenced the financial results of the work of 10 selected farming enterprises in the region only by 35.3%. It has been substantiated that for the purpose of a more reliable analysis of the performance of farming enterprises (the share of the influence of other factors is 65%), it is necessary to use the performance indicators of the latter according not to the data of the VAT reporting, but according to statistical reporting, in particular forms. Keywords: VAT recovery; value added tax; financial position; agricultural producers; farming enterprises; econometric calculations.
Anti-Crisis Personnel Management in the Modern Realities of Business Development
Authors:   Lutsk National Technical University, Abramova Irina
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Introduction. The main problem of modern crisis management is associated with the lack of preventive crisis management practices of socio-economic systems, resulting in a set of emergency response measures: staff reductions, salary cuts, curtailment of training programs and staff development, which destroys the foundation of the organization – human capital. Purpose. At the same time, there are certain problematic and debatable points in terms of the formation of anti-crisis management of human resources in terms of theory and practice. Results. Accordingly, the article forms approach to the interpretation of the concept of crisis management of personnel in terms of discussion aspects such as definition, elements, principles and functions, stages. It is determined that anti-crisis personnel management is considered in terms of preventive, reactive and comprehensive approach depending on the situation in the personnel system of the enterprise. The author’s definition of “anti-crisis personnel management” is formed, which means a type of management activity that includes a set of specific functions, forms, methods and means of preventive and reactive management influence on human resources, aimed at identifying crisis phenomena, preventing crisis, its localization and liquidation; minimization of its negative impact on the further development of the enterprise. It is proved that anti-crisis personnel management is a type of anti-crisis management, ie it is characterized by specific methods, subjects and tools. The causes of personnel crises are systematized and the varieties depending on the situation in the personnel and personnel policy of the enterprise are singled out. Conclusions. Regardless of the source (external or internal), the crisis is always accompanied by extremely negative phenomena for both the organization and staff: falling production and sales, financial insolvency, a clear deterioration in the financial situation of workers, lack of employment guarantees, uncertainty of the future, lack of initiative, etc. Therefore, the issues of forming an effective system of anti-crisis personnel management, based on a clear mechanism and tools for personnel management, are relevant. Keywords: anti-crisis management; personnel; principles of anti-crisis personnel management; functions and methods of management.
Cryptocurrency as the Сurrency of the Future Financial System
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Bantorina T. , Livandovska O. ,   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Introduction. At the present stage of development of the world is the rapid functioning of all spheres of society. Based on this, today society seeks to be progressive, modern, and therefore the world introduces us to a new type of money that is gaining popularity – cryptocurrency. Currently, humanity is aimed at finding a more progressive way of realization of any financial transactions with minimal risk. Now, the cryptocurrency is in the same city, where was the first paper money during the popularization of the concept of “printing money”. That is why, after a certain period of time cryptocurrency calculations become commonplace. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to consider cryptocurrency as the currency of the future financial system and possible prospects for its future development in Ukraine and the world. Results. The article discusses the theoretical aspects and history of cryptocurrency as currency future financial system. The main types of cryptocurrencies, the process of their creation, which is based on the solution of computers to complex mathematical problems and their entry into the market, are identified. The advantages and disadvantages of using cryptocurrencies are studied, as well as its feature as decentralization, which distinguishes it from other currencies. It is emphasized that in the world, so far, there is no consensus on the further strategy for the development of cryptocurrency in the world, its legalization and legality of use, thus analyzing the legal status of cryptocurrency in different countries and prospects for use. The legal regulation of cryptocurrencies in Ukraine in accordance with the norms of Ukrainian legislation is considered. The peculiarities of the functioning of virtual currencies in Ukraine are highlighted. Conclusions. Cryptocurrency inevitably and actively popularized worldwide in furthering decade. In some areas, such as online gaming business, this kind of currency has found its application in full. In Ukraine, there is everything necessary for legal operations with cryptocurrencies, but it is at the legislative level that there is a problem that prevents the active distribution and use of such currencies. The situation when cryptocurrency is not banned, but also not allowed, is an additional reason for fraudulent schemes. Legal entities and individuals who want or are able to use cryptocurrency is not protected. Similarly, the state can not get taxes from prospective activities. That is why the need for a clear establishment of the concept of “Cryptocurrency” by the law of Ukraine and the creation of mechanisms for regulating any activity with cryptocurrencies at the legislative level, are the priority state tasks at present. Keywords: cryptocurrency; currency; bitcoin; mining; digital currency; the legal status.
PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR FOOD AND BEVERAGE YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE TAHUN 2010 – 2019
Authors: Nadia Dini Khoirun , Dwiridotjahjono Jojok
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kinerja keuangan yang terdiri dari : current ratio, quick ratio, debt to equity ratio, net profit margin, dan return on equity terhadap pertumbuhan laba pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Food and Beverage yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode tahun 2010 – 2019. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan sub sektor food and beverage yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode tahun 2010 – 2019 yaitu sejumlah 30 perusahaan. Teknik penarikan sampel yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling dan menghasilkan sampel sebanyak 13 perusahaan yang memenuhi persyaratan kriteria. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi klasik, regresi linier berganda, uji f, uji t, dan koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi bahwa antara pertumbuhan laba dengan variabel current ratio dan debt to equity ratio secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba. Sedangkan quick ratio, net profit margin, dan return on equity secara parsial tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba. Secara simultan, seluruh variabel memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba.
PENGARUH PENCEMARAN DEBU SEMEN PADA STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI DAUN BEBERAPA JENIS TANAMAN BERDAUN LEBAR
Authors: Taufiq Ahmad , Yuliza Sasmita , Alponsin  , Syam Zuhri
Published: April 2021

The stomatal features of the leaves of several species of various life forms that grow around the cement factory are investigated with the aim of examining the anatomical modifications of the leaves which increase their tolerance and survival in the presence of cement dust pollution. In addition, the chlorophyll content in the leaves has also been examined. In comparison, the same study has also been carried out for the composition of the same species in unaffected locations. Three different life forms of the plant were investigated over two sites: trees, represented by Polyalthia longifolia, Acacia auriculiformis, Persea americana, and Mangifera indica; shrubs by Syzygium myrtifolium, and Ixora javanica; and herbs by Rhoe and Aglaonema. The average stomata density in the affected area was 173.16 /mm2, while it could reach 244.96 /mm2 at the control site. The same trend was also shown by the chlorophyll content. The Independent T-test revealed a significant difference (p-value = 0.037). Adaptability in terms of having chlorophyll content from all three life forms at different sites was also available in this discussion. Herbs has the greatest difference between sites (0.33 μg/mL), followed by shrubs (0.31 μg/mL) and then trees (0.2 μg/mL). The Two way ANOVA test showed that both life forms and sites significantly influenced the content of chlorophyll (p-value = 0.00). However, there was no interaction between sites and life forms in influencing chlorophyll content (p value=0.652). In conclusion, In all three life forms, either stomatal density or chlorophyll content decreases with pollution.
Equal Justice Under Law? Historisches Unrecht als Herausforderung des Liberalismus
Authors: Lippert Nicolas
Published: April 2021

ie liberalen Verfassungsstaaten in Kanada und den USA sehen sich in den letzten drei Jahrzehnten verstärkt mit der Frage konfrontiert, inwieweit historisches Unrecht und dessen anhaltendes Erbe mit liberalen Vorstellungen von Rechtsstaatlichkeit vereinbar sind. Diese sowohl in der Wissenschaft als auch in der Öffentlichkeit immer vehementer geführte Debatte um Rassismus sowie Minderheitendiskriminierung in liberalen Gesellschaften zeigt auf, dass es sich bei diesen zentralen Strukturmerkmalen weniger um eine normativ konstitutive, aber zugleich verschwiegene Grammatik des Liberalismus handelt, sondern vielmehr um die Perpetuierung historischen Unrechts, das sich aus der inkonsequenten praktischen Entfaltung liberaler Ordnungsentwürfe ergibt. Dabei zeigt sich das Versagen des rechtlichen und sprachlichen Instrumentariums des Liberalismus, welches das vergangene und fortgesetzte Unrecht nicht einzuholen vermag und dadurch paradoxerweise weiter perpetuiert.
Steuerung und Freiheit. Eine Antwort auf Frank Nullmeier
Authors: Schulze Heuling Dagmar
Published: April 2021

In Ausgabe 1/2020 der ZPTh hat Frank Nullmeier umfangreiche Beobachtungen zur Covid 19-Pandemie und daran anknüpfende politisch-theoretische Überlegungen für den Umgang mit ihr angestellt. Der vorliegende Beitrag greift zwei Aspekte daraus auf: Steuerung und Freiheit. Hinsichtlich der Steuerung argumentiert er, dass spontane Ordnung sowie dezentrale oder polyzentrische Organisation einer zentralen Steuerung aus epistemologischen Gründen überlegen sind. Hinsichtlich des Freiheitsbegriffs kritisiert er die Interpretation von Unsicherheit als Unfreiheit. Darüber hinaus zeigt er, dass die als Alternative vorgeschlagene soziale Freiheit problematische ethische Implikationen hat. Eine Orientierung an der Beseitigung von Unsicherheit muss die Unterscheidung von positiven und negativen ethischen Pflichten aufgeben. Paradoxerweise führen soziale Freiheit und ihre praktische Umsetzung in der Pandemie so zu neuen Unsicherheiten.
Zum Spannungsverhältnis von Volkssouveränität und Verfassungsgerichten. Eine Review zur Kritik der judicial review
Authors: Dingeldey Philip
Published: April 2021

Maus, Ingeborg, 2018: Justiz als gesellschaftliches Über-Ich. Zur Position der Rechtsprechung in der Demokratie, Suhrkamp, Berlin. / Michelsen, Danny, 2019: Kritischer Republikanismus und die Paradoxa konstitutioneller Demokratie. Politische Freiheit nach Hannah Arendt und Sheldon Wolin, Springer VS, Wiesbaden.
Long-Term Exposure to PM10 and in vivo Alzheimer’s Disease Pathologies
Authors: Lee Jun Ho ,   KBASE Research Group, Byun Min Soo , Yi Dahyun , Ko Kang , Jeon So Yeon , Sohn Bo Kyung , Lee Jun-Young , Lee Younghwa , Joung Haejung , Lee Dong Young
Published: April 2021

Background: Previous studies indicated an association between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia and air particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), as well as smaller PM. Limited information, however, is available for the neuropathological links underlying such association. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between long-term PM10 exposure and in vivo pathologies of AD using multimodal neuroimaging. Methods: The study population consisted of 309 older adults without dementia (191 cognitively normal and 118 mild cognitive impairment individuals), who lived in Republic of Korea. Participants underwent comprehensive clinical assessments, 11C-Pittsburg compound B (PiB) positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging scans. A subset of 78 participants also underwent 18F-AV-1451 tau PET evaluation. The mean concentration of PM with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm over the past 5 years (PM10mean) collected from air pollution surveillance stations were matched to each participant’s residence. Results: In this non-demented study population, of which 62% were cognitively normal and 38% were in mild cognitive impairment state, exposure to the highest tertile of PM10mean was associated with increased risk of amyloid-β (Aβ) positivity (odds ratio 2.19, 95% confidence interval 1.13 to 4.26) even after controlling all potential confounders. In contrast, there was no significant associations between PM10mean exposure and tau accumulation. AD signature cortical thickness and white matter hyperintensity volume were also not associated with PM10mean exposure. Conclusion: The findings suggest that long-term exposure to PM10 may contribute to pathological Aβ deposition.