bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[Retracted] Ginsenoside Rg3 Alleviates Antithyroid Cancer Drug Vandetanib‐Induced QT Interval Prolongation
Authors: Zhang Juan , Luo Dan , Li Fang , Li Zhiyi , Gao Xiaoli , Qiao Jie , Wu Lin , Li Miaoling
Published: October 2021

Inhibition of human ether‐a‐go‐go‐related gene (hERG) potassium channel is responsible for acquired long QT syndromes, which leads to life‐threatening cardiac arrhythmia. A multikinase inhibitor, vandetanib, prolongs the progression‐free survival time in advanced medullary thyroid cancer. However, vandetanib has been reported to induce significant QT interval prolongation, which limits its clinical application. Some studies have showed that ginsenoside Rg3 decelerated hERG K(+) channel tail current deactivation. Therefore, in this study, we aim to confirm whether ginsenoside Rg3 targeting hERG K(+) channel could be used to reverse the vandetanib‐induced QT interval prolongation. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and monophasic action potential (MAP) were recorded using electrophysiology signal sampling and analysis system in Langendorff‐perfused rabbit hearts. The current clamp mode of the patch‐clamp technique was used to record transmembrane action potential. The whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique was used to record the hERG K+ current. In Langendorff‐perfused hearts, vandetanib prolonged the QT interval in a concentration‐dependent manner with an IC50 of 1.96 μmol/L. In human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs), vandetanib significantly prolonged the action potential duration at 50%, 70%, and 90% repolarization (APD50, APD70, and APD90). In stable transfected human hERG gene HEK293 cells, vandetanib caused concentrate‐dependent inhibition in the step and tail currents of hERG. As expected, ginsenoside Rg3 relieved vandetanib‐induced QT interval prolongation in Langendorff‐perfused heart and reversed vandetanib‐induced APD prolongation in hiPSC‐CMs. Furthermore, ginsenoside Rg3 alleviated vandetanib‐induced hERG current inhibition and accelerated the process of the channel activation. Ginsenoside Rg3 may be a promising cardioprotective agent against vandetanib‐induced QT interval prolongation through targeting hERG channel. These novel findings highlight the therapeutic potential of ginsenoside to prevent vandetanib‐induced cardiac arrhythmia.
Effect of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Perfusion Chemotherapy Combined with Radical Surgery and Capecitabine on Stage III Gallbladder Cancer
Authors: Liu Sulai , Zhong Zhendong , Yi Weimin , Yu Zhangtao , Zhang Zhihua , Xia Guoyi , Jiang Bo , Song Yinghui , Peng Chuang
Published: October 2021

Purpose. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy (HIPEC) combined with radical surgery and capecitabine on stage III gallbladder cancer. Method. Seventy-eight patients with stage III gallbladder cancer treated in our hospital between December 2015 and April 2019 were retrospectively enrolled. Depending on the treatment approach, the patients were divided into the control group (radical surgery and capecitabine) and the HIPEC group (hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy combined with radical surgery and capecitabine). The patients were followed up by outpatient or through telephone until April 1, 2020. SPSS 19.0 software was applied for data analysis. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method and parallel log-rank test. Results. There were 43 cases in the control group and 35 cases in the HIPEC group. There were no significant differences in operation time, lymph node metastasis, microvascular infiltration, and nerve invasion; there was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). The average hospitalization time of the HIPEC group was 23.0 ± 6.9 days, which was longer than the 20.0 ± 5.8 days of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The body temperatures of HIPEC group patients at 0 h and 6 h after operation were higher than those of patients in the control group (

P
<
0.05

); however, the body temperature of the two groups gradually became the same at 12–24 h after operation. There was no liver and kidney damage in the two groups after surgery. The platelets in the HIPEC group were less than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The median survival time of HIPEC was 19.2 months, which was longer than 15.3 months in the control group. The 1-year survival rates of the two groups were 91.43% vs. 76.71%, and the 2-year survival rates were 26.29% vs. 17.53%, respectively (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. HIPEC combined with radical surgery and capecitabine for stage III gallbladder cancer can effectively prolong survival time without increasing surgery-related complications.
Vasorelaxant‐Mediated Antihypertensive Effect of the Leaf Aqueous Extract from Stephania abyssinica (Dillon & A. Rich) Walp (Menispermaceae) in Rat
Authors: Fodem Chamberlin , Nguelefack-Mbuyo Elvine Pami , Ndjenda Magloire Kanyou , Kamanyi Albert , Nguelefack Télesphore Benoit
Published: October 2021

Stephania abyssinica is a medicinal plant used in Cameroon alternative medicine to treat arterial hypertension (AHT). Previous in vitro studies demonstrated the endothelium nitric oxide‐independent vasorelaxant property of the aqueous extract from Stephania abyssinica (AESA). But its effect on AHT is unknown. The present study was undertaken to explore other vasorelaxant mechanisms and to determine the antihypertensive effects of AESA in male Wistar rats. Phytochemical analysis of AESA was carried out using the liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) method. The vasorelaxant effects of AESA (1‐1000 μg/mL) were studied on rat isolated thoracic aorta rings, in the absence or presence of indomethacin (10 μM) or methylene blue (10 μM). The inhibitory effect of AESA on phenylephrine (PE, 10 μM) or KCl‐ (60 mM) induced contraction as well as the intracellular calcium release was also evaluated. The in vivo antihypertensive activity of AESA (43, 86, or 172 mg/kg/day) or captopril (20 mg/kg/day) administered orally was assessed in L‐NAME‐ (40 mg/kg/day) treated rats. Blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were measured at the end of each week while serum or urinary nitric oxide (NO), creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were determined at the end of the 6 weeks of treatment, as well as histological analysis of the heart and the kidney. The LC‐MS profiling of AESA identified 9 compounds including 7 alkaloids. AESA produced a concentration‐dependent relaxation on contraction induced either by PE and KCl, which was significantly reduced in endothelium‐denuded vessels, as well as in vessels pretreated with indomethacin and methylene blue. Moreover, AESA inhibited the intracellular Ca2+ release‐induced contraction. In vivo, AESA reduced the AHT, heart rate (HR), and ventricular hypertrophy and increased serum NO, urine creatinine, and GFR. AESA also ameliorated heart and kidney lesions as compared to the L‐NAME group. These findings supported the use of AESA as a potential antihypertensive drug.
Regenerative Endodontic Treatment of Maxillary Incisors with a History of Severe Traumatic Injury
Authors: Chitsaz Nazanin , Khoshkhounejad Mehrfam , Assadian Hadi , Bolhari Behnam , Sharifian Mohammadreza , Mohammadi Zahra
Published: October 2021

The treatment objective for children with avulsed anterior teeth should concentrate on preserving the alveolar bone volume and contour. Posttraumatic external inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) is also a high-risk complication often observed in children. Regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) has been considered a successful treatment to arrest EIRR, especially in posttraumatic cases. This case report presents clinical outcomes of REP in two teeth of an 8-year-old systemically healthy patient with a history of severe dentoalveolar traumatic injury, one with a history of avulsion, and the other with an EIRR. The treatment consisted of REP on both teeth #8 and #9. The results showed some evidence of maturation in the apical third of tooth #9 and resolution of signs and symptoms on tooth #8.
DWCA‐YOLOv5: An Improve Single Shot Detector for Safety Helmet Detection
Authors: Jin Zhang , Qu Peiqi , Sun Cheng , Luo Meng , Gui Yan , Zhang Jianming , Liu Hong
Published: October 2021

Aiming at solving the problem that the detection methods used in the existing helmet detection research has low detection efficiency and the cumulative error influences accuracy, a new algorithm for improving YOLOv5 helmet wearing detection is proposed. First of all, we use the K‐means++ algorithm to improve the size matching degree of the a priori anchor box; secondly, integrate the Depthwise Coordinate Attention (DWCA) mechanism in the backbone network, so that the network can learn the weight of each channel independently and enhance the information dissemination between features, thereby strengthening the network’s ability to distinguish foreground and background. The experimental results show as follows: in the self‐made safety helmet wearing detection dataset, the average accuracy rate reached 95.9%, the average accuracy of the helmet detection reached 96.5%, and the average accuracy of the worker’s head detection reached 95.2%. Making a comparison with the YOLOv5 algorithm, our model has a 3% increase in the average accuracy of helmet detection, which is in line with the accuracy requirements of helmet wearing detection in complex construction scenarios.
[Retracted] SAP: An IoT Application Module Placement Strategy Based on Simulated Annealing Algorithm in Edge‐Cloud Computing
Authors: Fang Juan , Li Kai , Hu Juntao , Xu Xiaobin , Teng Ziyi , Xiang Wei
Published: October 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly growing and provides the foundation for the development of smart cities, smart home, and health care. With more and more devices connecting to the Internet, huge amounts of data are produced, creating a great challenge for data processing. Traditional cloud computing has the problems of long delays. Edge computing is an extension of cloud computing, processing data at the edge of the network can reduce the long processing delay of cloud computing. Due to the limited computing resources of edge servers, resource management of edge servers has become a critical research problem. However, the structural characteristics of the subtask chain between each pair of sensors and actuators are not considered to address the task scheduling problem in most existing research. To reduce processing latency and energy consumption of the edge‐cloud system, we propose a multilayer edge computing system. The application deployed in the system is based on directed digraph. To fully use the edge servers, we proposed an application module placement strategy using Simulated Annealing module Placement (SAP) algorithm. The modules in an application are bounded to each sensor. The SAP algorithm is designed to find a module placement scheme for each sensor and to generate a module chain including the mapping of the module and servers for each sensor. Thus, the edge servers can transmit the tuples in the network with the module chain. To evaluate the efficacy of our algorithm, we simulate the strategy in iFogSim. Results show the scheme is able to achieve significant reductions in latency and energy consumption.
Lightweight Object Detection Ensemble Framework for Autonomous Vehicles in Challenging Weather Conditions
Authors: Walambe Rahee , Marathe Aboli , Kotecha Ketan , Ghinea George
Published: October 2021

The computer vision systems driving autonomous vehicles are judged by their ability to detect objects and obstacles in the vicinity of the vehicle in diverse environments. Enhancing this ability of a self‐driving car to distinguish between the elements of its environment under adverse conditions is an important challenge in computer vision. For example, poor weather conditions like fog and rain lead to image corruption which can cause a drastic drop in object detection (OD) performance. The primary navigation of autonomous vehicles depends on the effectiveness of the image processing techniques applied to the data collected from various visual sensors. Therefore, it is essential to develop the capability to detect objects like vehicles and pedestrians under challenging conditions such as like unpleasant weather. Ensembling multiple baseline deep learning models under different voting strategies for object detection and utilizing data augmentation to boost the models’ performance is proposed to solve this problem. The data augmentation technique is particularly useful and works with limited training data for OD applications. Furthermore, using the baseline models significantly speeds up the OD process as compared to the custom models due to transfer learning. Therefore, the ensembling approach can be highly effective in resource‐constrained devices deployed for autonomous vehicles in uncertain weather conditions. The applied techniques demonstrated an increase in accuracy over the baseline models and were able to identify objects from the images captured in the adverse foggy and rainy weather conditions. The applied techniques demonstrated an increase in accuracy over the baseline models and reached 32.75% mean average precision (mAP) and 52.56% average precision (AP) in detecting cars in the adverse fog and rain weather conditions present in the dataset. The effectiveness of multiple voting strategies for bounding box predictions on the dataset is also demonstrated. These strategies help increase the explainability of object detection in autonomous systems and improve the performance of the ensemble techniques over the baseline models.
Lead‐Induced Motor Dysfunction Is Associated with Oxidative Stress, Proteome Modulation, and Neurodegeneration in Motor Cortex of Rats
Authors: Leão Luana Ketlen Reis , Bittencourt Leonardo Oliveira , Oliveira Ana Carolina Alves , Nascimento Priscila Cunha , Ferreira Maria Karolina Martins , Miranda Giza Hellen Nonato , Ferreira Railson de Oliveira , Eiró-Quirino Luciana , Puty Bruna , Dionizio Aline , Cartágenes Sabrina Carvalho , Freire Marco Aurelio M. , Buzalaf Marília Afonso Rabelo , Crespo-Lopez Maria Elena , Maia Cristiane Socorro Ferraz , Lima Rafael Rodrigues
Published: October 2021

Lead (Pb) is a toxic metal with great neurotoxic potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a long‐term Pb intoxication on the global proteomic profile, oxidative biochemistry and neuronal density in motor cortex of adult rats, and the possible outcomes related to motor functions. For this, Wistar rats received for 55 days a dose of 50 mg/Kg of Pb acetate by intragastric gavage. Then, the motor abilities were evaluated by open field and inclined plane tests. To investigate the possible oxidative biochemistry modulation, the levels of pro‐oxidant parameters as lipid peroxidation and nitrites were evaluated. The global proteomic profile was evaluated by ultraefficiency liquid chromatography system coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) followed by bioinformatic analysis. Moreover, it was evaluated the mature neuron density by anti‐NeuN immunostaining. The statistical analysis was performed through Student’s t‐test, considering p < 0.05. We observed oxidative stress triggering by the increase in malonaldehyde and nitrite levels in motor cortex. In the proteomic analysis, the motor cortex presented alterations in proteins associated with neural functioning, morphological organization, and neurodegenerative features. In addition, it was observed a decrease in the number of mature neurons. These findings, associated with previous evidences observed in spinal cord, cerebellum, and hippocampus under the same Pb administration protocol, corroborate with the motor deficits in the rats towards Pb. Thus, we conclude that the long‐term administration to Pb in young Wistar rats triggers impairments at several organizational levels, such as biochemical and morphological, which resulted in poor motor performance.
Context-Aware Text Matching Algorithm for Korean Peninsula Language Knowledge Base Based on Density Clustering
Authors: Xiang Li , ZongXun Li
Published: October 2021

The majority of the traditional methods deal with text matching at the word level which remains uncertain as the text semantic features are ignored. This also leads to the problems of low recall and high space utilization of text matching while the comprehensiveness of matching results is poor. The resultant method, thus, cannot process long text and short text simultaneously. The current study proposes a text matching algorithm for Korean Peninsula language knowledge base based on density clustering. Using the deep multiview semantic document representation model, the semantic vector of the text to be matched is captured for semantic dependency which is utilized to extract the text semantic features. As per the feature extraction outcomes, the text similarity is calculated by subtree matching method, and a semantic classification model based on SWEM and pseudo-twin network is designed for semantic text classification. Finally, the text matching of Korean Peninsula language knowledge base is carried out by applying density clustering algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method has high matching recall rate with low space requirements and can effectively match long and short texts concurrently.
Securing Wireless Body Area Network with Efficient Secure Channel Free and Anonymous Certificateless Signcryption
Authors: Noor Fazal , Kordy Turki A. , Alkhodre Ahmad B. , Benrhouma Oussama , Nadeem Adnan , Alzahrani Ali
Published: October 2021

In the last few years, the wireless body area network (WBAN) has emerged as an appealing and viable option in the e‐health application domain. WBAN technology is primarily used to offer continuous screening of health data to patients, independent of their location, time, or activity. A WBAN, on the other hand, is vulnerable to different cyberattacks due to the openness of the wireless environment and the privacy of people’s physiological data. A highly efficient and secure cryptographic scheme that can fulfill the needs of resource‐constrained WBAN sensors and devices is considered necessary. First, we take a look at the most up‐to‐date security solutions for WBANs. Then, we go through some of the underlying concerns and challenges with WBAN security. We propose a new framework called secure channel free certificateless signcryption scheme for WBANs based on a hyperelliptic curve that can meet security requirements such as confidentiality, anonymity, integrity, resistance against unauthorized users, unforgeability, public verifiability, forward secrecy, and antireplay attack, all of which can be achieved with low computation and communication costs. The computation cost of the proposed scheme is 3.36 ms, which is much better than its counterpart schemes.
Phytosynthesis of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Using King of Bitter Andrographis paniculata and Its Embryonic Toxicology Evaluation and Biomedical Potential
Authors: Rajeshkumar S. , Santhoshkumar J. , Jule Leta Tesfaye , Ramaswamy Krishnaraj
Published: October 2021

Phytosynthesis particles are the efficient activity of biomedical and environmental. In this present study, the green synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles using the king of bitter herbal plant Andrographis paniculata was synthesized and characterized using XRD, SEM, HRTEM, AFM, and antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. The size of the particles HRTEM shows 50 nm, and SEM shows the spherical shape, which reveals the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles. XRD spectrum shows crystallinity of nanoparticles, and an average size is calculated about 22.97 nm. The phytosynthesis TiO2 shows the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Similarly, toxicity studies have demonstrated the hatching and viability LD 50 value of TiO2 250 μg/L. The current study’s findings suggested that phytosynthesis TiO2 using extract of Andrographis paniculata exposure to potential hazard factors to biomedical and environmental uses.
Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, Systematic Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking to Explore the Potential Mechanism of Fructus Aurantii for Major Depression Disorder
Authors: Xie Yating , Liu Ying , Zheng Peng , Zhang Tao , Ye Xianwen , Liu Minmin , Huang Min , Wan Quan , Zhang Jinlian
Published: October 2021

Background. Major Depression Disorder (MDD) is a common mental disease that has become one of the world’s major medical diseases. Currently, the Fructus Aurantii (FA) has been widely used to treat depression. However, the active substance ingredients and potential mechanisms of the shell antidepression have not yet been clarified. Method. First, we used ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight tandem mass (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) technology to identify the chemical composition of the FA. Then, it is predicted for active ingredients, pharmaceutical disease target screening by DiscoveryStudio 2016 (DS), Metascape, and other databases, PPI network diagram, and FC core pathway. Finally, the system network pharmacology results are verified by molecular contact verification. Results. Forty-six compounds in FA were identified, and twelve active ingredients were determined. Various database information, PPI network analysis of 41 intersections, and 20 core targets including DRD2, MTOR, FASP3, and PIK3P1 were integrated. Finally, the MDD treatment is indicated by molecular docking, and the most relevant potential signal pathway is the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
Design of an Integrated System of Psychological Health Education Resources for Vocational Students Using Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm Analysis
Authors: Wang Peisen
Published: October 2021

Mental health is an important part of the growth of students. Many mental health monitoring systems have many problems. When the resource capacity is large, traditional systems have problems such as poor stability, more resource fragments, and untimely system response. For this reason, this paper designs a system of mental health education resource integration for higher vocational students based on a fuzzy clustering algorithm. It builds the overall system architecture based on the SOA service architecture and designs each functional module of the system so that the system has the functions of teaching resource submission, resource audit management, user service, and resource storage. The density function method is used to initialize the initial resource clustering center to obtain the data clustering objective function, and the fuzzy clustering algorithm is used to establish the task model to realize the integration of the mental health education resources of the vocational students. System verification results show that the system has strong stability, fewer node resource fragments, and higher resource integration efficiency.
The Effect and Safety of 5‐HT1F Receptor Agonist Lasmiditan on Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Gu Ping , Chen Cheng , Wu Qian , Dong Changhong , Wang Teng , Wan Qi , Dong Xin
Published: October 2021

Background. Migraine has a great impact on public health. Current acute therapies do not satisfy all migraineurs. The novel serotonin 5‐HT1F receptor agonist appears more promising for aborting migraine attacks. Objective. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of lasmiditan in treating acute migraine attacks. Methods. The literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which assessed the effect and safety of lasmiditan on migraine. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. Results were extracted and pooled as risk ratios (RRs) with a fixed or random‐effects model. Results. Based on the four included RCTs, pooled estimates showed that lasmiditan with the 50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg doses was superior to placebo at 2 h after the first dose in terms of pain freedom, absence of migraine‐associated symptoms, headache relief, no/mild disability, and global impression of change (very much/much better) (RRs ranged from 1.13 to 1.96), except for nausea‐free and vomiting‐free. Both lasmiditan 100 mg and 200 mg resulted in significantly fewer patients using rescue medication (100 mg: RR = 0.75, 95% CI (0.61, 0.92), P = 0.007; 200 mg: RR = 0.81, 95% CI (0.66, 0.99), P = 0.04) at 2‐24 h postdose, compared with placebo. Safety data showed that the proportion of patients reporting at least one treatment‐emergent adverse event (TEAE) and the incidence of most common TEAEs such as dizziness, paresthesia, fatigue, somnolence, and nausea was higher in the lasmiditan groups (50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg), compared with placebo. There was no significant difference between lasmiditan and placebo in terms of cardiovascular‐related TEAEs (RR = 2.75, 95% CI (0.81, 9.37), P = 0.11). Compared with lasmiditan 100 mg, lasmiditan 200 mg was more effective in pain freedom at 2 h after the first dose (RR = 0.83, 95% CI (0.74, 0.94), P = 0.004) but associated with a higher risk of reporting at least one TEAE (RR = 0.88, 95% CI (0.81, 0.96), P = 0.006). Conclusions. Lasmiditan with the 50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg doses are effective and safe in acute migraine treatment. Lasmiditan 200 mg is more effective than lasmiditan 100 mg in pain freedom, while lasmiditan 100 mg is better tolerated in the short‐term follow‐up. Further larger sample‐size RCTs are required to verify the applicability and tolerability in the long term.
Privacy Protection and Secondary Use of Health Data: Strategies and Methods
Authors: Xiang Dingyi , Cai Wei
Published: October 2021

Health big data has already been the most important big data for its serious privacy disclosure concerns and huge potential value of secondary use. Measurements must be taken to balance and compromise both the two serious challenges. One holistic solution or strategy is regarded as the preferred direction, by which the risk of reidentification from records should be kept as low as possible and data be shared with the principle of minimum necessary. In this article, we present a comprehensive review about privacy protection of health data from four aspects: health data, related regulations, three strategies for data sharing, and three types of methods with progressive levels. Finally, we summarize this review and identify future research directions.
Diagonal Degree Correlations vs. Epidemic Threshold in Scale‐Free Networks
Authors: Bertotti M. L. , Modanese G.
Published: October 2021

We prove that the presence of a diagonal assortative degree correlation, even if small, has the effect of dramatically lowering the epidemic threshold of large scale‐free networks. The correlation matrix considered is , where PU is uncorrelated and r (the Newman assortativity coefficient) can be very small. The effect is uniform in the scale exponent γ if the network size is measured by the largest degree n. We also prove that it is possible to construct, via the Porto–Weber method, correlation matrices which have the same knn as the P(h|k) above, but very different elements and spectra, and thus lead to different epidemic diffusion and threshold. Moreover, we study a subset of the admissible transformations of the form P(h|k)⟶P(h|k) + Φ(h, k) with Φ(h, k) depending on a parameter which leaves knn invariant. Such transformations affect in general the epidemic threshold. We find, however, that this does not happen when they act between networks with constant knn, i.e., networks in which the average neighbor degree is independent from the degree itself (a wider class than that of strictly uncorrelated networks).
The Dominator Edge Coloring of Graphs
Authors: Li Minhui , Zhang Shumin , Wang Caiyun , Ye Chengfu
Published: October 2021

Let

G

be a simple graph. A dominator edge coloring (DE-coloring) of

G

is a proper edge coloring in which each edge of

G

is adjacent to every edge of some color class (possibly its own class). The dominator edge chromatic number (DEC-number) of

G

is the minimum number of color classes among all dominator edge colorings of

G

, denoted by

χ
d
′

G

. In this paper, we establish the bounds of the DEC-number of a graph, present the DEC-number of special graphs, and study the relationship of the DEC-number between

G

and the operations of

G

.
Ship Radiated Noise Recognition Technology Based on ML‐DS Decision Fusion
Authors: Wang Biao , Wu Chengxi , Zhu Yunan , Zhang Mingliang , Li Hanqiong , Zhang Wei
Published: October 2021

Ship radiated noise is an important information source of underwater acoustic targets, and it is of great significance to the identification and classification of ship targets. However, there are a lot of interference noises in the water, which leads to the reduction of the model recognition rate. Therefore, the recognition results of radiated noise targets are severely affected. This paper proposes a machine learning Dempster–Shafer (ML‐DS) decision fusion method. The algorithm combines the recognition results of machine learning and deep learning. It uses evidence‐based decision‐making theory to realize feature fusion under different neural network classifiers and improve the accuracy of judgment. First, deep learning algorithms are used to classify two‐dimensional spectrogram features and one‐dimensional amplitude features extracted from CNN and LSTM networks. The machine learning algorithm SVM is used to classify the chromaticity characteristics of radiated noise. Then, according to the classification results of different classifiers, a basic probability assignment model (BPA) was designed to fuse the recognition results of the classifiers. Finally, according to the classification characteristics of machine learning and deep learning, combined with the decision‐making of D‐S evidence theory of different times, the decision‐making fusion of radiated noise is realized. The results of the experiment show that the two fusions of deep learning combined with one fusion of machine learning can significantly improve the recognition results of low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) datasets. The lowest fusion recognition result can reach 76.01%, and the average fusion recognition rate can reach 94.92%. Compared with the traditional single feature recognition algorithm, the recognition accuracy is greatly improved. Compared with the traditional one‐step fusion algorithm, it can effectively integrate the recognition results of heterogeneous data and heterogeneous networks. The identification method based on ML‐DS proposed in this paper can be applied in the field of ship radiated noise identification.
Effectiveness of Different Modalities of Lip Repositioning Surgery for Management of Patients Complaining of Excessive Gingival Display: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Younespour Shima , Yaghobee Siamak , Aslroosta Hoori , Moslemi Neda , Pourheydar Elham , Ghafary Elaha Somaya
Published: October 2021

Purpose. This study is aimed at synthesizing the available evidence regarding effectiveness of various modalities (combinations of LRS tasks) and comparison between each two modalities in terms of gingival display reduction, success rate, stability of the results, patient’s satisfaction, and postoperative morbidity. Materials and Methods. The electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Cochrane Library, Google Scholar databases, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO International Clinical Trial Registry Platform were searched up to 27th June 2020 regarding lip repositioning surgery. The modalities were defined as the combinations of the following tasks: frenectomy (yes/no), flap thickness (full/partial), and myotomy (yes/no). Meta‐analyses were performed on gingival display change from baseline to months 3, 6, and 12 in each modalities using Stata (v.16). Results. 38 studies (including three clinical trials, two quasiexperimental studies, seven case series, and 26 case reports) met the criteria for final inclusion. The mean gingival display reduced from baseline to 6 months (WMD = −2.90, 95% CI: ‐4.85 to ‐0.95) in the patients undergoing the “frenectomy + full‐thickness flap + myotomy” modality. This parameter decreased from baseline to 6 and 12 months, respectively (WMD = −2.68, 95% CI: ‐3.49 to ‐1.86; WMD = −2.52, 95% CI: ‐4.40 to ‐0.64), in patients undergoing the “frenectomy + partial‐thickness flap + without myotomy” modality. In patients who undergone the “without frenectomy + partial‐thickness flap + without myotomy” modality, gingival display reduced from baseline to 6 months (WMD = −3.22, 95% CI: ‐5.61 to ‐0.84). Almost 83% of patients with modality 1 had satisfaction. Conclusions. Gingival display within the 6 months after LRS could be reduced with all modalities. Descriptively, the greatest reduction was observed in patients with the modality not including the frenulum.
Logistic Regression Analysis of the Factors Involved in the Failure of Osseointegration and Survival of Dental Implants with an Internal Connection and Machined Collar: A 6‐Year Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Brizuela-Velasco Aritza , Álvarez-Arenal Ángel , Pérez-Pevida Esteban , Bellanco-De La Pinta Iker , De Llanos-Lanchares Héctor , González-González Ignacio , Larrazábal-Morón Carolina
Published: October 2021

Background. Although the long‐term success rate of dental implants is currently close to 95%, it is necessary to provide more evidence on the factors related to the failure of osseointegration and survival. Purpose. To establish the risk factors associated with the failure of osseointegration and survival of dental implants with an internal connection and machined collar and to establish a predictive statistical model. Materials and Methods. An analytical, retrospective, and observational clinical study of a sample of 297 implants with a follow‐up of up to 76 months. Independent variables related to the implant, patient, and surgical and rehabilitative procedures were identified. The dependent variables were failure of osseointegration and failure of implant survival after prosthetic loading. A survival analysis was carried out by applying the Kaplan‐Meier model (significance for p < 0.05). The log‐rank test and the Cox regression analysis were applied to the factors that presented differences. Finally, the regression logit function was used to determine whether it is possible to predict the risk of implant failure according to the analyzed variables with the data obtained in this study. Results. The percentages of osseointegration and survival were 97.6 and 97.2%, respectively. For osseointegration, there were significant differences according to gender (p = 0.048), and the risk of nonosseointegration was 85% lower in women. Regarding survival, the Cox analysis converged on only two factors, which were smoking and treatment with anticoagulant drugs. The risk of loss was multiplied by 18.3 for patients smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day and by 28.2 for patients treated with anticoagulants. Conclusions. The indicated risk factors should be considered, but the analysis of the results is not sufficient to create a predictive model.
Efflux Pump Activity and Mutations Driving Multidrug Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii at a Tertiary Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa
Authors: Nogbou Noel-David , Nkawane Granny M. , Ntshane Khanyisa , Wairuri Charles K. , Phofa Dikwata T. , Mokgokong Kagiso K. , Ramashia Mbudzeni , Nchabeleng Maphoshane , Obi Lawrence C. , Musyoki Andrew M.
Published: October 2021

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has developed several resistance mechanisms. The bacteria have been reported as origin of multiple outbreaks. This study aims to investigate the use of efflux pumps and quinolone resistance-associated genotypic mutations as mechanisms of resistance in A. baumannii isolates at a tertiary hospital. A total number of 103 A. baumannii isolates were investigated after identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by VITEK2 followed by PCR amplification of blaOXA-51. Conventional PCR amplification of the AdeABC efflux pump (adeB, adeS, and adeR) and quinolone (parC and gyrA) resistance genes were performed, followed by quantitative real-time PCR of AdeABC efflux pump genes. Phenotypic evaluation of efflux pump expression was performed by determining the difference between the MIC of tigecycline before and after exposure to an efflux pump inhibitor. The Sanger sequencing method was used to sequence the parC and gyrA amplicons. A phylogenetic tree was drawn using MEGA 4.0 to evaluate evolutionary relatedness of the strains. All the collected isolates were blaOXA-51-positive. High resistance to almost all the tested antibiotics was observed. Efflux pump was found in 75% of isolates as a mechanism of resistance. The study detected parC gene mutation in 60% and gyrA gene mutation in 85%, while 37% of isolates had mutations on both genes. A minimal evolutionary distance between the isolates was reported. The use of the AdeABC efflux pump system as an active mechanism of resistance combined with point mutation mainly in gyrA was shown to contribute to broaden the resistance spectrum of A. baumannii isolates.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome with Features of Atypical Kawasaki Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shahriarirad Reza , Sanaei Dashti Anahita , Hajiani Ghotbabadi Shabnam
Published: October 2021

Background. Although Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common self-limited systemic vasculitis in pediatrics, the exact etiology of the disease, its association with other diseases, and pathogens is still unknown. In order to achieve a better understanding and management of the disease, documentation and reporting of atypical cases is justified, particularly with the growing number of children with inflammatory syndrome with clinical features simulating KD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we present a case of an atypical case of KD presenting as multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Case Presentation. The patient is a 7-year-old girl who developed fever (39°C) and erythematous multiform rash on the abdomen and along with erythema and edema on the extremities. Laboratory evaluation revealed neutrophilia and lymphopenia along with elevated C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, troponin, lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin, and D-dimer. Although the patient did not fulfill the KD criteria, based on approved guidelines and approaches regarding atypical KD and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during the COVID-19 pandemic, intravenous immunoglobulin along with aspirin was administered for the patients. The patient’s symptoms resolved with an uneventful postdischarge course. Conclusion. Early diagnosis and treatment of patients meeting full or partial criteria for KD are critical to preventing end-organ damage and other long-term complications, especially during times of public crisis and global health emergencies, such as the novel coronavirus pandemic.
Effects of Extracts of Allium mongolicum on Safety and Quality of Pork Dry-Cured Sausage During Ripening
Authors: Cao Yingying , Liu Bing , Fan Wenguang
Published: October 2021

Allium mongolicum is a kind of plant with edible, medicinal and feeding value. The effects of ethanol and water extracts of Allium mongolicum on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), nitrite residue, carbonyl group, volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) and microstructure
were investigated in pork dry-cured sausages during ripening. Without added extracts groups were adopted as negative controls (CK), and adding ascorbic acid groups (VC) were used as positive controls. Results showed that compared with CK, TBARS of ethanol, water extracts and VC groups were
significantly reduced. Ethanol extracts, water extracts and VC significantly decreased residual nitrite of sausages (P <0>05) comparing with CK. Ethanol extracts have better ability than water extracts in reducing carbonyl content and TVB-N. The microstructure of the CK was the
worst, and the microstructure of ethanol extracts group was the best. It was concluded that ethanol extracts of Allium mongolicum could be used to produce dry-cured sausage to improve safety and quality.
Development and Characterization of Biobased Polyamide 56/Polyethylene Terephthalate Composite Fibers
Authors: Xiaorong Gong , Shouyun Zhang
Published: October 2021

The present research studied the production process and performance of biobased PA56 (polyamide 56) and PET (polyethylene terephthalate) composite fibers through melt side-by-side spinning. The results showed that biobased PA56 and PET composites with strength of 4.0–4.3 CN/dtex
were prepared by applying a spinning speed of 4,000–4,050 m/min, draw ratio of 2.50–2.70, first heat roll temperature of 80–90 °C, second heat roll temperature of 160–165 °C, and the addition of 5% compatibilizer between the two components. The fibers and fabric
showed high moisture absorption, good air permeability, and excellent antistatic properties. The saturated moisture absorption rate was 11.2%, the air permeability was 9680 g/(m2·d), and the specific resistance was 1080*1010 Ω·m.
Isolation, Identification and Genome Analysis of a Cellulose-Degrading Bacterium Bacillus aciditolerans YN-1T
Authors: Chen Lijuan , Liu Dawei , Ding Mengjiao , Zhou Zifang , Liu Li , Li Haiping , Hu Zhiming , Zhang Yi , Zhou Jiheng
Published: October 2021

Bacillus aciditolerans YN-1T was isolated from Jietou town, Yunnan Province, China and exhibited various lignocellulolytic activities which had the ability to decompose straw. In this work, we found that strain YN-1T was capable of degrading
different types of straw and showed the highest efficiency to the degrading of corn straw. We also draw the draft genome sequence of strain YN-1T , which composed of 4,633,983 bp chromosome. Results showed that Bacillus aciditolerans YN-1T contains
3455 protein coding sequences and 249 were associated with the carbohydrate metabolism. Meanwhile, CAZymes analysis also showed that strain YN-1T contains 60 coding genes of glycoside hydrolase (GH) family, implying that Bacillus aciditolerans YN-1T
has broad applications in the degradation of straw.
Study on the Penetration Depth of Light into Wheat Flour by Hyperspectral Imaging
Authors: Wang Xiaobin
Published: October 2021

The penetration depth of light into wheat flour is the basis for the effective detection of additives in wheat flour using hyperspectral imaging. To determine the effective penetration depth of light into different gluten flours in hyperspectral image collection, the partial least squares-discriminant
analysis (PLS-DA) method was used. Double-layer samples were prepared by placing flour layers with different thicknesses on top of the benzoyl peroxide (BPO) layer. PLS-DA classification model was established by using the diffuse reflectance spectra of each pixel in the double-layer sample
image, and the classification accuracy was used to evaluate the results. The results show that the average accuracy of 1 and 1.5 mm models after smoothing pretreatment is above 95%. Therefore, a 1.5 mm sample depth for the detection of mixed samples of flour and additives is recommended. The
selected sample depth was used for the detection of mixed samples containing different concentrations of BPO in flour, and the percentage of detected BPO pixels was positively correlated with BPO concentration, which could be used for subsequent quantitative analysis. The results lay a foundation
for the effective detection additives in wheat flour by using hyperspectral imaging technology.
Magnetic Bead Adsorption Extraction of Xyloglucan Endoglucosidase/Hydrolase Gene and Its Expression Analysis in Land Cotton
Authors: Li Xianliang , Liu Hang , Zhao Zhichang
Published: October 2021

The xyloglucan Endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) genes are proposed to encode enzymes responsible for cleaving and reattaching xyloglucan polymers. Despite prior identification of theXTHgene family inArabidopsisand rice, the XTH family in upland cotton, a tetraploid plant whose fiber cell is an excellent model for the study of plant cell elongation, is yet uncharacterized. In this study, iron tetroxide based magnetic nanobead (Fe3O4NPs) was successfully prepared and applied to extract xyloglucan endoglucosidase/hydrolase genes. Analysis of the genes can provide insight into the evolutionary significance and function of theXTHgene family. A total of 41XTHgenes found by searching the phytozomev 10 database were classified into three groups based on their phylogeny and the motifs of individual genes. The 25 and 5GhXTHgenes occurred as clusters resulting from the segmental and tandem duplication. More frequent duplication events in cotton contributed to the expansion of the family. Global microarray analysis ofGhXTHgene expression in cotton fibers showed that 18GhXTHgenes could be divided into two clusters and four subclusters based on their expression patterns. Accumulated expression levels were relatively high at the elongation stages of the cotton fibers, suggesting that cotton fiber elongation requires high amounts of the GhXTH protein. The expression profiles ofGhXTH3andGhXTH4showed by quantitative realtime PCR were similar to those determined by microarray. Additionally, the expression levels ofGhXTH3andGhXTH4in Gossypium barbadense were higher than those in Gossypium hirsutum at developmental stages, indicating that expression levels ofGhXTH3andGhXTH4in fibers varied among cultivars differing in fiber length.
Social lens or inherently social phenomenon? The study of food in Swedish sociology
Authors: Bååth Jonas , Neuman Nicklas
Published: October 2021

Sociology’s tendency to branch into applied scientific disciplines is regularly debated. This debate focuses either on the organisation of sociology in academic institutions or on how the content of sociologically informed interdisciplinary research diverges from disciplinary sociology. This article bridges these debates in a study of the sociology of food in Sweden. The aim is to analyse how Swedish food sociology reflects the tension between disciplinary sociology and interdisciplinary research. The data comprise the doctoral dissertations and post-PhD career paths of Swedish sociologists whose dissertations are about food. The article finds that these dissertations treat food either as an inherently social phenomenon or as a social lens (i.e. a social phenomenon viewed as instrumental for analysing something else). Second, it is found that sociologists whose dissertations treated food as an inherently social phenomenon were more likely to pursue careers in food sociology but also to hold affiliations outside of sociology departments. The article concludes that the academic locus of Swedish food sociology is organised outside sociology departments but that its approaches are not necessarily any less sociological. Thus, the analysis questions the basis for arguments that interdisciplinary research represents a threat to the critical and analytical core of sociology.
Four Types of Japanese Regional Policy in the Perspective of Liberal Intergovernmentalism
Authors: Wook Son Jung , Lee Danbi
Published: October 2021

What are the determinants of Japan’s regional policies? This article argues that Japan’s regional policy is the result of the government’s strategic choice made through processes of domestic and international bargaining. Based on liberal intergovernmentalism, this article focuses on the level of domestic preferences for East Asia and the threat of China. In the first stage, the preference of the Prime Minister and political winning-coalition groups matter. In the second stage, the level of the threat of China is a pivotal variable. In combining these two variables, the article proposes the following four types of ideal regional policies for Japan: (1) pro-East Asia policy; (2) expanded-Asia policy; (3) interactive policy; and (4) reactive policy. To substantiate this idea, the article traces Japan’s regional policy trajectory from the Yoshida Cabinet to the Hatoyama Cabinet. An in-depth case study shows that Japanese cabinets vary in their regional policies in the way this article expected from each ideal type based on liberal intergovernmentalism.