bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kepemimpinan kolektif dalam pengembangan budaya organisasi: literature review study
Authors: Raharjo Santosa Budi , Gunarsih Tri , Wening Nur
Published: June 2024

Leadership in a more specific scope becomes a valuable capital in managing the organization. The research method used is a Systematic Literature review. Based on the results of article collection on the classification of sources, themes, and years of publication of articles, 35 articles were obtained that met the article classification. The results show that collective leadership is a collaborative and mutually beneficial leadership process, which allows all elements of an institution to take part in building a certainty that accommodates common goals. Leadership collectivity is the behavior and nature of leaders who involve all staff, to be able to form an organizational culture to be able to work by their respective authorities and duties through a mutually arranged organizational culture, as well as collaborate and be responsible with a collective leadership structure.
Analisis sistem pengendalian internal prosedur pengeluaran kas: COSO ICIF 2013
Authors: Zahara Inna , Sumayyah  , Mubarrok Zennul , Syah Muhammad Erwan
Published: June 2024

Financial management plays a crucial role in the survival and growth of companies. Cash disbursement is a common transaction in companies, necessitating effective internal control systems to prevent fraud or misappropriation. This study aims to analyze the internal control system and evaluate the internal control system over cash disbursements at PT WE, a mining consulting company in Yogyakarta. The research method used is descriptive-evaluative with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through direct observation and interviews with relevant staff. Evaluation was conducted based on the 17 principles within the five main components of the COSO Internal Control—Integrated Framework 2013. The results indicate that PT WE has implemented some internal control principles effectively, but there are still weaknesses in interdepartmental coordination, risk identification, and cash disbursement procedures. Based on the findings, it is recommended that PT WE improve coordination and communication between departments, systematically identify risks, and enhance cash disbursement procedures by establishing clear protocols, segregating related tasks, and periodically evaluating the internal control system.
Effect of Sales, Production Cost and Operating Cost on Net Profit
Authors: Ningrum Rafika Resti Astri , Yulia Iis Anisa , Wahidhani Eha
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of sales, production cost, and operating costs on net profit either partially or simultaneously. The analytical method used is panel data linear regression with the dependent variable, namely net income, and the independent variables, namely sales, production costs and operating costs. The result of the research show that sales, production cost and operating costs have an effect on net income either particially or simultaneously.
 
Keywords: Sales, Production Costs, Operating Costs and Net Income
The Impact of the Implementation of Storytelling as a Communicative Language Strategy in Developing the Oral Skills in Students from Nine Grade at Colegio Nacional Marco Tulio Salazar Sede Liceo de Poás during the Second Quarter of 2023
Authors: Salgado Solano Yerlin , Herrera Araya María José , Castro Miranda Julio César
Published: June 2024

This research focuses on all the adults who have returned to their studies after years and want to progress to have a better future. In addition, this research wants to achieve that adults who are studying at night can develop their oral skills in the English language in the best and most creative way. It is intended to put into practice strategies that can help adults to speak the English language with confidence and fluency. The purpose of this research is to present storytelling as a teaching tool that will help to improve the oral skills of ninth-year students at the Marco Tulio Salazar School, Liceo de Poás Headquarters, located in Poás de Alajuela. This didactic tool is a form of dynamic teaching that will be implemented to motivate adults to continue their studies. Its objective is to capture the attention of students, to make everyone feel included during class, and to help them learn dynamically and effectively. Specifically, storytelling will be used to strengthen students' oral skills, because they will be practicing the English language throughout the class.
Intervention for abdominal aortic artery stenosis with dissected, aneurysmal lesions
Authors: Ho Anh Binh , Hoang Anh Tien
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Severe abdominal aortic stenosis with dissection and aneurysm is a complex and rare condition. Previously, traditional open abdominal aortic replacement surgery was often used to treat aorta lesions. Endovascular intervention has recently proven to be a treatment method with many advantages as a feasible and safe alternative to open surgery, providing high recanalization efficiency, with attractive long-term results, The rate of re-intervention and complications is low, and shorter hospital stay, especially for infrarenal abdominal aortic artery lesion. Many great advances in improving cardiovascular interventional devices over the past decade, endovascular intervention with aortic stent placement in patients with severe abdominal aortic stenosis with aneurysm lesions and complex dissections achieved a high success rate. We respectfully share our treatment experiences in 2 cases of severe complicated abdominal aortic stenosis with aneurysm and dissection that were successfully treated with stent placement.
Automation of tax administration as a tool of state tax policy
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Yuzvovich Larisa , Maya Lvova ,   Ural State University of Economics
Published: June 2024

The scientific article presents the formation and application of digital tax administration tools within the framework of the implementation of the strategic concept of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation, thanks to which informed tax decisions can be made. An effective tax system is considered as an integral part of a functioning economy aimed at maintaining a stable tax policy of the state and creating the basis for long-term economic growth. Automation of tax administration is equally important for increasing decentralized tax relations, reducing the management burden for the taxpayer based on digital technologies between various participants in business processes.
Modern problems of technological development of industry: resource aspect
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Kostygov Lyudmila , Golov Roman ,   Moscow Aviation Institute
Published: June 2024

The article considers a complex of various challenges and threats to Russian society and the state, which is being formed in modern conditions. The main attention is paid to the problem of providing Russian industry with modern materials for the production of high-tech products. Various approaches to the assessment of material resources from the point of view of their importance are considered: strategic mineral raw materials, scarce mineral raw materials, critically important materials. It has been established that the provision of critical materials will more fully solve the problem of raw materials supply, ensuring the production of high-tech products with high added value, and more fully implement the course for sustainable development as a result of control over the use of natural resources and their recycling.
Epiphylogenesis as a condition for the emergence and form of spatio-temporal realization of economic activity
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dyatel Evgeniy
Published: June 2024

The virtualization and digitalization of the modern economy makes relevant the study of epiphylogenesis, or coevolution of man and technology in time and space. The purpose of the article is to address the initial stages of the formation of this factor of economic life. The methodology is based on a systematic approach, the principles of materialistic dialectics, the unity of historical and logical, verification and falsification of theoretical positions and observed facts. The information base is represented by empirical materials, conclusions and generalizations, the subject area of which includes the specified problem. Defined: 1) the revolutionary role of anthropotechnogenesis in multiplying the material, energy and information means of existence of an individual and society; 2) the initial point of sociogenesis, combining the transformational metabolism and transactional exchange of funds and labor products in space and time; 3) ways of identifying economic goals of production and property relations in information carriers.
Non-raw non-energy exports in the regions (on the example of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia))
Authors:   Arctic Scientific Research Centre of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Shishigina Anna , Khristoforov Aleksandr ,   Strategic Research Center under the Head of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Efimov Petr ,   Arctic Scientific Research Centre of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
Published: June 2024

Theories of economic growth assume a significant impact of exports of processed goods. The state task of reorienting the raw material economy assumes real growth of exports of non-resource non-energy goods in the regions. In order to develop proposals for the development of NNE in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) with the analysis of data from the Federal Customs Service of Russia, official statistics and professional communities using general scientific and private methods, the authors conclude that the set goals can be achieved only as a result of taking cardinal measures to support exports with prioritization by sectoral principle
The Utility of Infrasound in Global Monitoring of Extraterrestrial Impacts: A Case Study of the 2008 July 23 Tajikistan Bolide
Authors: Silber Elizabeth A.
Published: June 2024

Among the various observational techniques used for the detection of large bolides on a global scale is a low-frequency sound known as infrasound. Infrasound, which is also one of the four sensing modalities used by the International Monitoring System, offers continuous global monitoring and can be leveraged for planetary defense. Infrasonic records can provide an additional dimension for event characterization and a distinct perspective that might not be available through any other observational method. This paper describes the infrasonic detection and characterization of the bolide that disintegrated over Tajikistan on 2008 July 23. This event was detected by two infrasound stations at distances of 1530 and 2130 km. Propagation paths to one of the stations were not predicted by the model, despite being clearly detected. The presence of the signal is attributed to the acoustic energy being trapped in a weak but leaky stratospheric AtmoSOFAR channel. The infrasound signal analysis indicates that the shock originated at the point of the main breakup at an altitude of 35 km. The primary mode of the shock production of the signal detected at the two stations was a spherical blast resulting from the main gross fragmentation episode. The energy estimate, based on the signal period, is 0.17–0.51 kt of TNT equivalent, suggesting a mass of 6.6–23.5 tons. The corresponding object radius, assuming the chondritic origin, was 0.78–1.18 m.
A Reference Meteor Magnitude for Intercomparable Fluxes
Authors: Moorhead Althea V. , Vida Denis , Brown Peter G. , Campbell-Brown Margaret D.
Published: June 2024

The rate at which meteors pass through Earth’s atmosphere has been measured or estimated many times over; existing flux measurements span at least 12 astronomical magnitudes, or roughly five decades in mass. Unfortunately, the common practice of scaling flux to a universal reference magnitude of +6.5 tends to collapse the magnitude or mass dimension. Furthermore, results from different observation networks can appear discrepant due solely to the use of different assumed population indices, and readers cannot resolve this discrepancy without access to magnitude data. We present an alternate choice of reference magnitude that is representative of the observed meteors and minimizes the dependence of flux on population index. We apply this choice to measurements of recent Orionid meteor shower fluxes to illustrate its usefulness for synthesizing independent flux measurements.
Optical Spectropolarimetric Variability Properties in Blazars PKS 0637–75 and PKS 1510–089
Authors: Podjed Stephanie A. , Hickox Ryan C. , Isler Jedidah C. , Böttcher Markus , Schutte Hester M.
Published: June 2024

Spectropolarimetry is a powerful tool to investigate the central regions of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) as polarization signatures are key to probing magnetic field structure, evolution, and the physics of particle acceleration in jets. Optical linear polarization of blazars is typically greater than a few percent, indicating the emission is dominated by nonthermal synchrotron radiation, while polarization less than a few percent is common for other type 1 AGNs. We present a spectropolarimetric study of PKS 0637–75 and PKS 1510–089 to determine how the head-on orientation of a jet and dominant emission processes influence polarimetric variations in the broad lines and continuum. Observations were obtained biweekly from the Robert Stobie Spectrograph on the Southern African Large Telescope. Variability in the continuum polarization is detected for both PKS 0637–75 and PKS 1510–089, with a total average level of 2.5% ± 0.1% and 7.5% ± 0.1%, respectively. There is no clear polarization in the broad Balmer emission lines and weak polarization in Mg ii as the average level across all observations is 0.2% ± 0.1% for Hβ, 0.2% ± 0.3% for Hγ, and 0.6% ± 0.2% for Mg ii. We find that polarization measurements confirm the conclusions drawn from spectral energy distribution modeling of the disk–jet contributions to the emission as optical polarization and time variability for PKS 0637–75 are shown to be dominated by accretion disk emission while those of PKS 1510–089 are due to both disk and jet emission, with greater jet contribution during flaring states.
Role of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Edge Defects in Explaining Astronomical Infrared Emission Observations
Authors: Ricca A. , Roser J. E. , Boersma C. , Peeters E. , Maragkoudakis A.
Published: June 2024

A systematic study was performed on the spectral properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with edge defects using harmonic density functional theory calculations. Their potential astronomical relevance was assessed through direct comparison with NIRSpec and MIRI-MRS spectra of the atomic photodissociation region of the Orion Bar from the JWST Early Release Science PDRs4All program. It is found that the astronomical 6.2 μm PAH emission band, including its blue side, is well reproduced by PAHs with edge defects, when taking into account the effects of polarization in the computations, and without a need for PAHs that contain nitrogen. Small neutral PAHs with edge defects explain the blue wing of the 3.3 μm band. A low number of edge defects is required to reproduce the 8.6 and 11.2 μm band profiles, while the 11.0 + 11.2/12.7 μm band intensity ratio is a measure for the number of edge defects. A blind database fit to the Orion Bar spectrum reproduces the 6–15 μm region with an error of 9.9% and shows a clear delineation of charge, with the 6–10 μm PAH bands being carried by PAH cations and the 10–15 μm region by predominantly neutral PAHs. The contribution of anions is negligible. Armchair PAHs fit the 12.7 μm band, simultaneously producing a very weak broad emission feature centered at 3.225 μm. Zigzag PAHs fit the 11.2 μm band. It is concluded that PAHs with a low number of edge defects, in addition to armchair and zigzag PAHs, all contribute to the observed interstellar infrared emission.
Stellar Abundances at the Center of Early-type Galaxies with Fine Structure
Authors: Barth Nicholas , Privon George C. , Ezzeddine Rana , Evans Aaron S. , Treister Ezequiel
Published: June 2024

Our understanding of early-type galaxies (ETGs) has grown in the past decade with the advance of full-spectrum fitting techniques used to infer the properties of the stellar populations that make up the galaxy. We present ages, central velocity dispersions, and abundance ratios relative to Fe of C, N, O, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr, Ba, and Eu, derived using full-spectrum fitting techniques for three ETGs, NGC 2865, NGC 3818, and NGC 4915. Each of these three galaxies were selected because they have optical, disturbed structures (fine structure) that are linked to major merger events that occurred 1, 7, and 6 Gyr ago, respectively. Two of the ETGs, NGC 3818 and NGC 4915, show chemical signatures similar to ETGs without fine structure, which is consistent with a gas-poor merger of elliptical galaxies in which substantial star formation is not expected. For NGC 2865, we find a statistically higher abundance of Ca (an α element) and Cr and Mn (Fe-peak elements). We show that for NGC 2865, a simple gas-rich merger scenario fails to explain the larger abundance ratios compared to ETGs without fine structure. These three ETGs with fine structure exhibit a range of abundances, suggesting ETGs with fine structure can form via multiple pathways and types of galaxy mergers.
Frozen-field Modeling of Coronal Condensations with MPI-AMRVAC. I. Demonstration in Two-dimensional Models
Authors: Zhou Yuhao , Li Xiaohong , Keppens Rony
Published: June 2024

Large-scale coronal plasma evolutions can be adequately described by magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations. However, full multidimensional MHD simulations require substantial computational resources. Given the low plasma β in the solar corona, in many coronal studies, it suffices to approximate the magnetic field to remain topologically fixed and effectively conduct one-dimensional (1D) hydrodynamic (HD) simulations instead. This approach is often employed in studies of coronal loops and their liability to form condensations related to thermal instability. While 1D HD simulations along given and fixed field line shapes are convenient and fast, they are difficult to directly compare with multidimensional phenomena. Therefore, it is more convenient to solve volume-filling, multidimensional versions of the MHD equations where we freeze the magnetic field, transforming it into frozen-field HD (ffHD) equations for simulation. We have incorporated this ffHD module into our open-source MPI-AMRVAC code and tested it using a two-dimensional (2D) evaporation–condensation model to study prominence formation due to radiative losses. The 2D ffHD results are compared with those from actual 2D MHD and pseudo-2D HD simulations, analyzing the differences and their causes. Pseudo-2D studies account for the known flux tube expansion effects. Overall, the performance of 2D ffHD is close to that of 2D MHD and pseudo-2D HD. The 2D tests conducted in this paper will be extended in follow-up studies to 3D simulations based on analytical or observational approaches.
Finding Candidate TeV Halos among Very-high-energy Sources
Authors: Zheng Dong , Wang Zhongxiang
Published: June 2024

We search for possible pulsar TeV halos among the very-high-energy (VHE) sources reported in different VHE surveys, among which in particular we use the results from the first Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory catalog of γ-ray sources. Six candidates are found. They share similar properties of containing a middle-aged, γ-ray–bright pulsar in their positional error circles (the respective pulsars are J0248+6021, J0359+5414, J0622+3749, J0633+0632, J2006+3102, and J2238+5903), being in a rather clean field without any common Galactic VHE-emitting supernova remnants or (bright) pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), and showing an absence of any γ-ray emissions in 0.1–500 GeV after removing the pulsars’ emissions. Combining these candidates with several reported (candidate) TeV halos, we obtain relationships between their luminosity at 50 TeV (L
50TeV) and the corresponding pulsars’ spin-down energy (

E

̇

), which are

L

50
TeV

∼

E

̇

0.9

and

L

50
TeV

/

E

̇

∼
6.4
×

10

−
4

, respectively. The relationships are nearly identical to previously reported ones. We probe possible connections between the extent/sizes of the VHE sources and the pulsars’ ages, and find a weak older-and-smaller trend. By comparing to the VHE detection results for PWNe, it is clear that the (candidate) TeV halos have hard emissions by either having power-law indices smaller than 2 in 1–25 TeV or by only being detected in 25–100 TeV. In addition, we also consider seven other VHE sources as possible TeV halos based on the results from different studies of them, but they do not fit cleanly with the properties listed above, indicating their potentially complex nature.
CO Observations of Early-mid Stage Major Mergers in the MaNGA Survey
Authors: Yu 余 Qingzheng 清正 , Fang 方 Taotao 陶陶 , Xu 徐 Cong Kevin 聪 , Feng 冯 Shuai 帅 , Feng 冯 Siyi 思轶 , Gao 高 Yu 煜 , Jiang 蒋 Xue-Jian 雪健 , Lisenfeld Ute
Published: June 2024

We present a study of the molecular gas in early-mid stage major mergers, with a sample of 43 major-merger galaxy pairs selected from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory survey and a control sample of 195 isolated galaxies selected from the xCOLD GASS survey. Adopting kinematic asymmetry as a new effective indicator to describe the merger stage, we aim to study the role of molecular gas in the merger-induced star formation enhancement along the merger sequence of galaxy pairs. We obtain the molecular gas properties from CO observations with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, Institut de Radioastronomie Milimetrique 30 m telescope, and the MaNGA-ARO Survey of CO Targets survey. Using these data, we investigate the differences in molecular gas fraction (

f

H

2

), star formation rate (SFR), star formation efficiency (SFE), molecular-to-atomic gas ratio (

M

H

2

/M
H i
), total gas fraction (f
gas), and the SFE of total gas (SFEgas) between the pair and control samples. In the full pair sample, our results suggest the

f

H

2

of paired galaxies is significantly enhanced, while the SFE is comparable to that of isolated galaxies. We detect significantly increased

f

H

2

and

M

H

2

/M
H i
in paired galaxies at the pericenter stage, indicating an accelerated transition from atomic gas to molecular gas due to interactions. Our results indicate that the elevation of

f

H

2

plays a major role in the enhancement of global SFR in paired galaxies at the pericenter stage, while the contribution of enhanced SFE in specific regions requires further explorations through spatially resolved observations of a larger sample spanning a wide range of merger stages.
The R2D2 Deep Neural Network Series Paradigm for Fast Precision Imaging in Radio Astronomy
Authors: Aghabiglou Amir , Chu Chung San , Dabbech Arwa , Wiaux Yves
Published: June 2024

Radio-interferometric imaging entails solving high-resolution high-dynamic-range inverse problems from large data volumes. Recent image reconstruction techniques grounded in optimization theory have demonstrated remarkable capability for imaging precision, well beyond CLEAN’s capability. These range from advanced proximal algorithms propelled by handcrafted regularization operators, such as the SARA family, to hybrid plug-and-play (PnP) algorithms propelled by learned regularization denoisers, such as AIRI. Optimization and PnP structures are however highly iterative, which hinders their ability to handle the extreme data sizes expected from future instruments. To address this scalability challenge, we introduce a novel deep-learning approach, dubbed “Residual-to-Residual DNN series for high-Dynamic-range imaging” or in short R2D2. R2D2's reconstruction is formed as a series of residual images, iteratively estimated as outputs of deep neural networks (DNNs) taking the previous iteration’s image estimate and associated data residual as inputs. It thus takes a hybrid structure between a PnP algorithm and a learned version of the matching pursuit algorithm that underpins CLEAN. We present a comprehensive study of our approach, featuring its multiple incarnations distinguished by their DNN architectures. We provide a detailed description of its training process, targeting a telescope-specific approach. R2D2's capability to deliver high precision is demonstrated in simulation, across a variety of image and observation settings using the Very Large Array. Its reconstruction speed is also demonstrated: with only a few iterations required to clean data residuals at dynamic ranges up to 105, R2D2 opens the door to fast precision imaging. R2D2 codes are available in the BASPLib (https://basp-group.github.io/BASPLib/) library on GitHub.
Application of optic coherence tomography as a screening in prevention and control of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Kirkova Radina , Tanev Ivan , Dimitrov Tzvetomir , Dimitrova Tanya , Kirkov Vidin
Published: June 2024

Background. Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death, disability, and adult blindness from diabetic retinopathy worldwide. Recent studies have provided a better understanding of the disease process and have opened new doors for prevention and treatment.

The aim of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the current screening methods for prevention and control of dia-betic retinopathy and to create a program for optimization.

Material and methods. We included 123 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinical characteristics of the population were collected from patients’ files. The HbA1c level was measured.

Results. Among examined cohort group – 45% are with diabetes type 1 and 55% with diabetes type 2. In distribution by gender the prevalence is for males. The biggest part of the participants in our study is in the age group 45–66 years old. In 94% of the patients the duration of the disease is between 3–10 years. 22% of the pa-tients are with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), 45% with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and 33% with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Conclusion. Our opinion is that the current ophthalmologic devices, such as fundus cameras and OCT (multimodal imaging), should be incorporated in the process of screening for diabetic retinopathy due to the detailed information they provide and the short time to perform the procedure.
Characterization of the hybrid joint between AA2024-T3 alloy and thermoplastic composite obtained by oxy-fuel welding (OFW)
Authors: Lucas Rafael Resende , de Cássia Mendonça Sales-Contini Rita , Marques Luis Felipe Barbosa , Reis Jonas Frank , Abrahão Ana Beatriz Ramos Moreira , Botelho Edson Cocchieri , Mota Rogério Pinto
Published: June 2024

Studies on dissimilar materials joining have greatly increased, transitioning from temporary to permanent joining methods. The latter approach is more applicable due to the hybrid structure offering the best properties of the constituent materials, along with the development of new materials and manufacturing procedures. In this study, the AA2024-T3 alloy was treated with plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and a thermoplastic composite/AA2024-T3 hybrid joint was manufactured using oxy-fuel welding (OFW). Morphological aspects, chemical compositions electrochemical and mechanical properties of hybrid composite joints were determined. The results indicated that the joint exhibits a uniform structure. The adhesion between the dissimilar materials reached a strength of 4.2 to 5.2 MPa, with cohesive bonding and without severe degradation of the thermoplastic matrix in some cases. It was observed that PEO treatment decreased the interface shear strength due to the high silicon content presence in the coating. The coatings effectively increased nobility and corrosion resistance, with corrosion rates ranging from 0.0087 to 0.018 mm/year.
Commuting Toeplitz operators on weighted harmonic Bergman spaces and hyponormality on the Bergman space of the punctured unit disk
Authors: Sadraoui Houcine , Halouani Borhen
Published: June 2024

We first describe commuting Toeplitz operators with harmonic symbols on weighted harmonic Bergman spaces. Then, a sufficient condition for hyponormality on weighted Bergman spaces of the punctured unit disk, when the analytic part of the symbol is a monomial, is shown.
Finite-volume two-step scheme for solving the shear shallow water model
Authors: Alayachi H. S. , Abdelrahman Mahmoud A. E. , Mohamed Kamel
Published: June 2024

The shear shallow water (SSW) model introduces an approximation for shallow water flows by including the effect of vertical shear in the system. Six non-linear hyperbolic partial differential equations with non-conservative laws make up this system. Shear, contact, rarefaction, and shock waves are all admissible in this model. We developed the finite-volume two-step scheme, the so-called generalized Rusanov (G. Rusanov) scheme, for solving the SSW model. This method is split into two stages. The first one relies on a local parameter that permits control over the diffusion. In stage two, the conservation equation is recovered. Numerous numerical instances were taken into consideration. We clarified that the G. Rusanov scheme satisfied the C-property. We also compared the numerical solutions with those obtained from the Rusanov, Lax-Friedrichs, and reference solutions. Finally, the G. Rusanov technique may be applied for solving a wide range of additional models in developed physics and applied science.
Prediction of Depression Severity and Personalised Risk Factors Using Machine Learning on Multimodal Data
Authors: Ayodele Adefemi , Adetunla Adedotun , Akinlabi Esther
Published: June 2024

Depression, a prevalent global mental health disorder, often leads to a reduced quality of life and an increased risk of suicide. Despite the availability of treatments, many cases go undetected, highlighting the need for an accurate machine learning (ML) prediction model for depression severity and risk factors, particularly when dealing with multimodal datasets. Previous studies that utilized ML to predict the severity of depression encountered limitations, such as small datasets and a lack of personalization. This study proposes an optimal algorithm for predicting depression severity and personalized risk factors using ML. The potential benefits include improved accuracy in severity assessment, personalized treatment strategies, and refined risk factor identification. The random forest (RF) algorithm emerged as the most effective, exhibiting notable performance metrics on NHANES data, including a 0.93 R-squared, 0.93 explained variance score (EVS), 0.51 mean absolute error (MAE), 1.73 mean squared error (MSE), and 1.32 root mean squared error (RMSE). Notably, RF identified both general and personalized risk factors for depression severity. This model holds promise for clinical assessment, diagnosis, and intervention planning, contributing significantly to the comprehensive management of depression.
A “Migrantisation” of Borderwork? Emergence, Work Status, and Careers of Peer Intermediaries in Morocco’s Migration Industry: The Case of Voluntary Returns
Authors: Maâ Anissa
Published: June 2024

This paper explores the idea of a “migrantisation” of borderwork through the case of peer intermediation in the provision of information to migrants regarding voluntary returns from Morocco. Under what conditions are people categorised as sub-Saharan migrants being employed in projects led by the International Organisation for Migration (IOM)? What are the trajectories, careers, and work status of these peer intermediaries? To what extent does peer intermediation shape social relationships and boundaries within the migration industry and migrant communities? Using ethnographic data and documentary sources collected during fieldwork in Morocco, the paper traces the emergence of peer intermediation and underlines its diversity through the in-depth study of three illustrative trajectories. It examines “migrantisation” in relation to issues of racialisation, work, and im/mobility.
Aux marges du « développement », les espaces discrets du contrôle migratoire. Quand le « panafricanisme entrepreneurial » fait frontière en Tunisie
Authors: Cassarini Camille
Published: June 2024

Cet article interroge la position des acteurs entrepreneuriaux estudiantins dans la mise en œuvre du contrôle migratoire en Tunisie. Au croisement des mondes de la migration et du développement, les « étudiants africains » ont été, depuis 2015 et l’arrivée de nombreux fonds européens dédiés à la gestion des migrations, une cible privilégiée des acteurs du gouvernement international des migrations. Souvent chargés de « sensibiliser » les personnes considérées comme « migrantes » aux risques de la migration et aux opportunités du modèle entrepreneurial en Afrique, ces acteurs développent des modèles de réussite fondés sur l’accès à la mobilité et sur la promotion de celle-ci au sein du continent africain. Refusant une lecture strictement opportuniste de leurs pratiques, cet article cherche à saisir en quoi l’engagement de ces étudiants dans la mise en ordre des mobilités se branche sur un imaginaire politique panafricaniste.
Léonard de Vinci, l’expérience de l’art
Authors: Menu Michel
Published: June 2024

Pour Léonard, l’expérience est « mère commune des arts et des sciences ». En expérimentaliste, il développe son art, sa technique picturale, en expérimentaliste, il perçoit le réel, il cherche à comprendre la nature, et, pour expérimenter son rapport au monde, il a recours au miroir qui permet de distinguer l’image de la réalité. Le miroir est aussi un moyen d’entrer dans l’œuvre de l’artiste.Depuis la conférence tenue à la National Gallery de Londres en 2015 consacrée à la Pratique technique de Léonard de Vinci, de nouvelles expériences furent réalisées à l’aide d’outils innovants, récemment développés, les scanners de fluorescence X et d’imagerie hyperspectrale. En marge de l’exposition au Louvre célébrant le 500e anniversaire de la mort de l’artiste à Amboise, la journée d’étude du 25 octobre 2019 rend compte des nouvelles découvertes sur l’art et la science de Léonard.
Sur quelques essais de restitution expérimentale des médaillons de draperies léonardiennes
Authors: Frank Louis , Leratti Leticia
Published: June 2024

Les auteurs présentent ici le cheminement intellectuel qui les a conduits à restituer le modèle en « médaille », c’est-à-dire en haut relief plutôt qu’en ronde bosse intégrale, que Léonard de Vinci conçut très probablement lorsqu’il peignit en grisaille la Draperie pour une figure assise dite Draperie Saint-Morys, conservée au département des Arts graphiques du musée du Louvre (inv. 2255).
Révéler les choix matériels et techniques de Léonard de Vinci par l’analyse chimique : le cas du pigment blanc de plomb
Authors: Gonzalez Victor , Wallez Gilles , Cotte Marine , Ravaud Élisabeth , Eveno Myriam , Calligaro Thomas , Gourier Didier , Bastian Gilles , Delieuvin Vincent , Menu Michel
Published: June 2024

Collecter des informations chimiques sur les matériaux employés par Léonard de Vinci permet de mieux comprendre la matérialité de ses pratiques picturales et fournit de nouvelles informations pouvant contribuer à la conservation de ses œuvres. Mais les peintures de Léonard sont des systèmes chimiques complexes, assemblages hybrides de pigments minéraux et de composés organiques, notamment liants à l’huile. Ces pigments étaient obtenus par des voies de synthèses élaborées, puis mis en œuvre selon le savoir-faire du peintre. Les couches de peinture de Léonard constituent des milieux réactionnels actifs, au sein desquels des interactions chimiques peuvent entraîner la formation in situ de composés non originaux. Seule l’utilisation de méthodologies analytiques de pointe permet de surmonter ces défis. Cette communication présente des recherches récentes, fondées sur de telles méthodologies, visant à décrypter – au moins partiellement – l’origine et la mise en œuvre de certains matériaux de Léonard de Vinci, en particulier le pigment blanc de plomb, omniprésent dans sa palette.
Low-Temperature Fabrication of Screen-Printed NiO-YSZ Thin Film Anodic Layer on Metal Substrate via Hot-Pressing for Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Diana William Harry M. , Hablado Jessa , Cervera Rinlee Butch M.
Published: June 2024

Ni-YSZ cermet remains to be the most used anode material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), and metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells are considered as the third generation SOFCs which can possibly address the overpotential and ohmic losses due to thicker components of electrolyte-and anode-supported cells. This study investigates the low-temperature deposition of crystalline NiO-YSZ thin film anodic layers on stainless steel (SS316L) substrates via screen-printing and hot pressing. Results revealed that screen-printing and hot pressing of NiO-YSZ on SS316L substrates at only 700°C (100 MPa) successfully deposited a ~40-μm thin film with a cubic crystalline structure. The thin film can also be fully reduced to Ni-YSZ with a cubic crystalline structure for both Ni and YSZ. In addition, EDS mapping revealed a relatively homogenous distribution of the Ni-YSZ components.
Optimum Case Temperature for Appropriate Thermal Resistance to Obtain Minimum Junction Temperature in GaN-On-SiC Power Amplifiers
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad Zakaria , Bargaje Ganesh Pandurang , Shukoor Mohammad Abdul , Rawat Karun , Kumar Deepak
Published: June 2024

Understanding heat transfer phenomena is crucial in high-power amplifiers to keep components within safe operating temperatures. This article investigates the GaN Power Amplifier (PA) thermal analysis for the optimum design of the heatsink. GaN PAs are roughly separated into junction, package, and heat sink layers to calculate the junction’s transient thermal response. It has been proven that allowing individual components to operate at temperatures over their maximum rated junction temperatures significantly reduces the system's operational reliability as a whole. This analysis investigates two different heat sinks for the optimum case temperature (Tcase) for these different PAs. These PAs are operating S-band (2-3.4 GHz) and C-Ku-band (5-18 GHz) with drain efficiency of 60-65% and 9-22%, respectively. The design analysis of the heat sink for optimal performance is explored in this work.
Interactional Aerodynamics between a Rotor and a Blade-Tip-Propeller through Wind Tunnel and Hover Stand Testing
Authors:   Naval Surface Warfare Center, Brown Robert ,   University of Maryland, Chopra Inderjit
Published: June 2024

A blade-tip-propeller driven rotor consists of small electric motors and propellers attached to the rotor blade tip to spin the main rotor. This study address a propeller driven shortcoming that was identified in previous research: a high required power to spin the main rotor. To investigate this, a series of wind tunnel and hover stand test campaigns were conducted to experimentally characterize the 6 ft diameter propeller driven rotor performance. A streamlined tip nacelle was designed to house the blade tip motor, and featured an embedded load cell to measure the tip propeller's aerodynamic forces and moments. A propeller aerodynamic model was developed from propeller hover tests and then validated through wind tunnel testing of the propeller in axial flow. Next, the interactional aerodynamics between the stationary rotor blade and tip mounted propeller were investigated through wind tunnel testing. These tests were performed between 0 and 12 degrees wing angle of attack, and at airspeeds of 15 and 20 m/s. Finally, the shaft driven isolated rotor, the shaft driven rotor with tip nacelle, and the propeller driven rotor were tested in hover, and their figures of merit and power loading were compared.
Transitioning eVTOL Aircraft with Augmentative Cross-Modal Elements
Authors:   University of Calgary, Gress Gary
Published: June 2024

In the realm of transitioning eVTOL aircraft, hindrance may be placed on performance in each of the two flight modes due to the existence of apparatuses or devices intended wholly for the other mode. For example, the presence of wings will normally reduce hover endurance due to their weight, and the use of a plurality of exposed lift-propellers - for hover stability and control - can lower flight speed and range in airplane mode because of the excess drag. It would seem, then, that transitioning eVTOL aircraft are generally poor performers in any mode when compared to their dedicated, single-mode cousins. This paper explores another possibility, of substantial performance improvement when the devices or their use become elements augmenting performance in the other mode - or cross-modally. Through an example dual-propeller aircraft, several cross-modal elements - including phenomena like the fan-in-wing effect and the inverse of Custer's channel-wing effect - are identified and their merits expounded.
Prediabetes in children and adolescents: a narrative review
Authors: Musa Aishatu Zaidu , Umar Umar Isa , Obiagwu Patience Ngozi , Ibrahim Mu’uta
Published: June 2024

Prediabetes and diabetes are important metabolic public health problems, especially among adolescents, which are being given little or no attention, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Prediabetes increases the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases. Despite being a high-risk state for developing diabetes, the diagnostic criteria for prediabetes are not uniform across various international professional organizations. Significant differences in prevalence can depend on the definition of prediabetes as Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) and/or Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT). Different studies have shown that prediabetes and its interactions with factors such as gender, age, ethnicity, environmental factors, genetics, and lifestyles do play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes. Prediabetes is a preclinical stage of DM and can be reversed with some lifestyle modifications. Therefore, there is a need to be informed about it such that active surveillance can be instituted to recognize it early and prevent its progression to T2DM and disease-associated health burden in adult life.
Study of the Pattern of Internet Use and Internet-related Behavior among Medical College Students
Authors: Mhetre Bhushan , Gandhi Mustafa , Farooqui Shakir , Torane Trupti
Published: June 2024

Background:

In today’s day and age, the Internet has had unarguably the largest impact on everyday human life. It would be appropriate to designate/name this age as the “Internet Age.” Internet use is facilitating notable improvements in many fields but with increasing use of the internet, many individuals are becoming preoccupied with the internet, unable to control their use, and jeopardizing their employment and personal relationships. We have evaluated the patterns of Internet use among medical students and the changes in behavior pattern observed in students.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study at a tertiary care teaching hospital, a questionnaire was used to collect information about the various aspects and patterns of Internet usage and Internet-related behavior among students.

Results:

One hundred undergraduate medical students participated in the current study. Students spent more than 17 h/week using the Internet. The time spent on the Internet for work and study-related purposes was equal to time spent on socializing. The questionnaire on feelings and experiences on Internet use indicated addiction and habituation/dependency on the Internet and guilt among some students for Internet addiction. Some students who are addicted to the Internet sought aid from different sources to reduce their dependency on the Internet.

Conclusion:

Self-control, restricting the use of the Internet for other than study, work and professional purposes, motivation to the disciplined use of the Internet, and the mentoring facility could help reduce Internet addiction in undergraduate medical students.
Comparing Correlates of Quality of Life in Borderline and Average Intellectual Functioning
Authors: Singh Geetesh Kumar , Gupta Aarzoo , Mehta Shivangi
Published: June 2024

Background:

Borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) is associated with deficits in cognitive functions and effective communication or interpersonal skills, impacting socio-occupational functioning in adulthood.

Aims:

The current study compared individuals with BIF and average intellectual functioning (AIF) on executive functioning, emotion dysregulation, and interpersonal communication competence in relation to the quality of life.

Settings and Design:

The data were collected via a face-to-face interview conducted in the tertiary care hospital in an urban locality. A cross-sectional and comparative matched-group research design using purposive sampling was used.

Materials and Methods:

An estimated sample size of 80 was split into BIF and AIF groups. The participants were recruited as per the defined criteria. The measures used were Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices, General Health Questionnaire, Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Stroop Test (ST), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale (ICCS), and World Health Organization Quality of Life- Brief (Qol).

Statistical Analysis:

The differences, between BIF and AIF groups as well as males and females within each group, on measures, namely, ST, DERS, ICCS, and QoL were compared using the independent t-test. Further, the relationship among the measures was examined using Pearson correlation and regression analysis.

Results:

Independent t-test analysis revealed significant differences between groups on execution functioning (t = 11.83, P = 0.000), all domains of emotional dysregulation (P < 0.000), and many domains of interpersonal communication, and quality of life (P < 0.000). Significant correlations were found between domains of DERS and ICCS, DERS and QOL; ICCS and QOL.

Conclusions:

Emotional dysregulation predicted physical and psychological health and the environment, while interpersonal communication predicted social relations.
Effect of Gender on Reaction Time in Patients Having a Psychiatric Disorder
Authors: Sangolkar Deepa Narendra , Longkumer Imyarila , Karia Sagar , Shah Nilesh , Desousa Avinash
Published: June 2024

Background:

Reaction time is a measure of how fast an organism can react to a certain stimulus. As such, it is a measure of an individual’s performance and the function of sensory-motor connection. While there are studies evaluating the differences in reaction time with gender and psychiatric illness as independent variables, data are lacking when considering them together.

Aims:

The aim of the study is to study the gender differences in reaction time in patients suffering from psychiatric illness.

Settings and Design:

The study involves an observational, longitudinal comparative study in the psychiatric outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care facility.

Materials and Methods:

After institutional ethics approval, 100 patients on psychotropic medications attending psychiatry OPD were included in the study along with at least 100 relatives who were not on psychotropic medications, serving as control. Required data were collected using semi-structured pro forma. The reaction time of patients and the control group was assessed using an application on the mobile phone available online as – the “Human Benchmark test.” Data obtained were entered in the MS Excel sheet and analyzed using the computerized software and a P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

In the group of patients, the males showed delayed reaction time as compared to females, while in the control group, males performed better than the female population in reaction time tests. The highest reaction time was found to be in the substance use disorder group of patients at all points of testing, followed by that of patients with schizophrenia.

Conclusions:

Gender did not significantly affect the reaction time in both patient and control groups.