bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Цели и задачи деятельности прокуратуры России по защите экологических прав граждан.
Authors: Алихаджиева А.С.
Published: December 2024

Исследование вопросов взаимодействия природы и общества с каждым годом становится все более актуальным. В эпоху серьезных экологических потрясений, эпидемий и стремительного развития производственного процесса, вызванного экономическими нуждами, серьезному риску подвергаются экологические права граждан. В аспекте защиты прав и свобод человека важное значение имеет осуществляемый прокуратурой надзор за соблюдением Конституции РФ, исполнением законов законодательными и исполнительными органами власти субъектов Российской Федерации, органами местного самоуправления. В статье анализируется деятельность российской прокуратуры по осуществлению защиты экологических прав россиян. Правовое положение прокуратуры дает ей возможность эффективно воздействовать на каждую из ветвей власти, обеспечивать их взаимодействие. На прокуратуру России законом возлагается роль своеобразного поверенного интересов, с одной стороны, человека и гражданина, а с другой — интересов всего российского общества и государства. Автор выявляет некоторые недостатки правового регулирования в указанной сфере и предлагает внести коррективы в существующее законодательство.

The study of the issues of interaction between nature and society becomes more and more relevant every year. In an era of severe environmental shocks, epidemics and the rapid development of the production process caused by economic needs, the environmental rights of citizens are at serious risk. In the aspect of protecting human rights and freedoms, the supervision of the observance of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the execution of laws by the legislative and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and local self-government bodies, carried out by the prosecutor's office, is of great importance. The article analyzes the activities of the Russian prosecutor's office to protect the environmental rights of Russians. The legal status of the prosecutor's office gives it the opportunity to effectively influence each of the branches of government, to ensure their interaction. The law assigns the Russian prosecutor's office the role of a kind of attorney of interests, on the one hand, of a person and a citizen, and on the other, of the interests of the entire Russian society and state. The author reveals some shortcomings of legal regulation in this area and proposes to amend the existing legislation.
Распределение обязанностей по доказыванию и доказательственные презумпции в гражданском процессе
Authors: Свирин Ю.А.
Published: December 2024

Вопрос о распределении обязанностей по доказыванию и о сущности доказательственных презумпций имеет не только теоретическое, но и прикладное значение. Общее правило доказывания закреплено в нормах процессуального права, однако из общего правила имеется большое количество исключений, как регулируемых позитивным правом, так и сформулированных в виде судебных правовых позиций. Причем данные исключения носят архаичный и несистемный характер, что создает трудности в судебной практике, в том числе и у судей, которые часто допускают ошибки в возложении на одну из сторон бремени доказывания. В статье сделана попытка проанализировать отдельные аспекты распределения обязанностей по доказыванию.

The question of the distribution of evidentiary duties and the substance of evidentiary presumptions is not only theoretical but also applied. The general rule of proof is enshrined in the rules of procedural law, but there are a large number of exceptions to the common law both regulated by positive law and formulated in the form of judicial legal positions. Moreover, these exceptions are archaic and not systemic in nature, which creates difficulties in judicial practice, including among judges, who often make mistakes in placing the burden of proof on one of the parties. The article attempts to analyse certain aspects of the division of responsibility for proof.
Практика рассмотрения арбитражным судом первой инстанции дел в порядке упрощенного производства
Authors: Быков В.П. , Черникова Е.В. , Маркелова И.В.
Published: December 2024

Представленная вниманию читателя статья продолжает цикл авторских материалов о различных аспектах правового регулирования в сфере арбитражного судопроизводства. В статье рассматривается порядок упрощенного производства. На основании исследованной арбитражной практики авторами анализируются ошибки, допускаемые арбитражными судами первой инстанции при рассмотрении дел в порядке упрощенного производства, даются рекомендации в целях их недопущения в будущем.

The article presented to the attention of the reader continues the cycle of copyright materials on various aspects of legal regulation in the field of arbitration proceedings. The article discusses the procedure for simplified production. On the basis of the investigated arbitration practice, the authors analyze the mistakes made by the arbitration courts of first instance when considering cases in the simplified procedure, and give recommendations in order to prevent them in the future.
К вопросу совершенствования процедуры оказания бесплатной юридической помощи населению
Authors: Комолова М.В.
Published: December 2024

Рассматриваются особенности системы оказания бесплатной юридической помощи в Российской Федерации, являющейся гарантией обеспечения закрепленного в части 1 статьи 19 Конституции РФ принципа равенства прав и свобод гражданина. Отмечается необходимость оказания населению качественной квалифицированной бесплатной юридической помощи и контроля государства за оказанием такой помощи.

The article considers the peculiarities of the system of rendering free legal aid in the Russian Federation, which is a guarantee of ensuring the principle of equality of rights and freedoms of a citizen enshrined in part 1 of Article 19 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The need to provide the population with high-quality qualified free legal assistance and state control over the provision of such assistance is noted.
Правовые и организационные основы деятельности территориальных органов МВД России по противодействию преступлениям в сфере агропромышленного комплекса
Authors: Залужный А.Г.
Published: December 2024

Анализируются положительные и спорные положения диссертации О.С. Кубанова «Правовые и организационные основы деятельности территориальных органов МВД России по противодействию преступлениям в сфере агропромышленного комплекса». Отмечается, что автору в целом удалось решить поставленные в диссертационном исследовании задачи. Заслугой признается формирование научных положений организации деятельности территориальных органов МВД России по противодействию преступлениям в сфере агропромышленного комплекса и разработке практических рекомендаций, направленных на повышение эффективности данной деятельности.

The positive and controversial provisions of the dissertation are analyzed O. S. Kubanova "Legal and organizational bases of the activities of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia on countering crimes in the field of agro-industrial complex". It is noted that the author generally managed to solve the tasks set in the dissertation research. The merit is recognized as the formation of scientific provisions for the organization of the activities of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia on countering crimes in the field of agro-industrial complex and the development of practical recommendations aimed at improving the effectiveness of this activity.
Доказывание целостности речевых сообщений как элемент юрислингвистической экспертизы (на примере высказываний экстремистско-террористической направленности)
Authors: Петрова И.Л.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена одному из актуальных вопросов, связанных с противодействием активизации экстремистской деятельности в Российской Федерации, — квалификации текстов предположительно экстремистско-террористической направленности. Рассматривается конкретный случай, когда необходимо доказывание единства речевых высказываний, которое адвокаты обвиняемого подвергают сомнению. На основании юрислингвистического анализа выводятся признаки связности речевых сообщений, зафиксированных в разговорах лиц, осужденных за террористическую деятельность. Доказывание смыслового и структурного единства речевых сообщений является важным элементом юрислингвистического исследования текста, судебная психолого-лингвистическая экспертиза которого оказывается практически единственным источником получения доказательств экстремистской направленности высказывания и, следовательно, основной базой для обвинительного заключения по делам об экстремистской деятельности.

The article is devoted to one of the topical issues related to the intensification of extremist activity in the Russian Federation — the qualification of texts supposedly extremist-terrorist orientation. A specific case is considered where it is necessary to prove the unity of speech, which the accused's lawyers question. On the basis of the legal and systemic analysis, there are signs of cohesion of speech messages recorded in the conversations of persons convicted of terrorist activities. Proving the semantic and structural unity of speech is an important element of the legal and linguistic study of the text, the forensic psychological-linguistic examination of which is practically the only source of evidence of extremist orientation of the statement and, therefore, the main basis for the indictment in cases of extremist activities.
Возвращение на родину родственников террористов: гуманизм или отложенная угроза?
Authors: Красинский В.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема возвращения на Родину родственников террористов, выехавших в ИГИЛ (запрещена в Российской Федерации). Автор раскрывает гуманитарные, уголовно-правовые, процессуальные и криминологические аспекты специальных операций по возвращению в страны исхода родственников джихадистов. Обосновывается необходимость фильтрации, особого учета и временного надзора за бывшими джихадистами, разработки комплексных программ адаптации и реинтеграции бывших боевиков-террористов и членов их семей.

The article discusses the problem of returning to their homeland of relatives of terrorists who left for ISIS (prohibited in the Russian Federation). The author reveals the humanitarian, criminal-legal, procedural and criminological aspects of special operations to return relatives of jihadists to the countries of origin. The necessity of filtering, special accounting and temporary supervision of former jihadists, the development of comprehensive programs for the adaptation and reintegration of former terrorist fighters and their families is substantiated.
Епископат Российской православной церкви и руководство Белого движения в 1918–1922 годах
Authors: Петров И.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется проблема взаимоотношений антибольшевистских правительств с епископатом православной церкви в течение всего периода Гражданской войны на территории России. Основной задачей статьи является определение общих и отличительных черт в этих отношениях. В статье рассматриваются наиболее яркие фигуры из числа православного епископата. Изучается деятельность отдельных епископов, служивших в годы Гражданской войны в разных частях России: в Сибири, на Юге России, в Крыму, на Дальнем Востоке, на Севере и Северо-Западе России. Установлено, что некоторые епископы использовали Гражданскую войну как своего рода «трамплин» для личного продвижения. Они в большей степени участвовали в политических кампаниях противников большевиков, агитировали за отдельных белых лидеров, в том числе участвуя в политических интригах. Другие также были задействованы в белой пропаганде и агитации, однако в большей степени выступали за антибольшевистские силы идейно, не желая восстановления советской власти. Наконец, третья группа епископата состояла из тех архипастырей, которые стали невольными свидетелями братоубийственной войны. Последняя категория епископов в гораздо меньшей степени участвовала в антибольшевистской пропаганде. Отдельно рассматривается судьба архиереев после окончания Гражданской войны и установления советской власти. Статья основана на архивном материале и воспоминаниях непосредственных участников и свидетелей Гражданской войны.

The article analyzes the problem of the relationship between anti-Bolshevik governments and the episcopate of the Orthodox Church during the entire period of the Civil War in Russia. The main objective of the article is to determine the common and distinctive features in these relationships. The article examines the most prominent figures among the Orthodox episcopate. The article examines the activities of some bishops throughout Russia during the Civil War: in Siberia, in the South of Russia, in Crimea, in the Far East, in the North and North-West of Russia. It was established that some bishops used the Civil War, among other things, as a kind of “springboard” for their own advancement. In this case, a number of bishops participated largely in the political campaigns of opponents of the Bolsheviks, campaigning for white leaders, including participating in intrigues. Other bishops also participated in white propaganda and agitation, but largely supported the anti-Bolshevik forces ideologically, seeing the danger of restoring Soviet power. Finally, the third group of the episcopate consists of those archbishops who were unwitting witnesses to the Civil war. This category of bishops participated to a much lesser extent in anti-Bolshevik propaganda. The fate of bishops after the end of the Civil War and the establishment of Soviet power are examined separately. The article is based on archival material and memories of direct participants and witnesses of the Civil War.
Квантово-химическое моделирование высокоэнергетических фтординитрометилазоксисоединений
Authors: Волохов В.М. , Парахин В.В. , Амосова Е.С. , Лемперт Д.Б. , Воеводин В.В. , Акостелов И.И.
Published: December 2024

Работа посвящена поиску и исследованию новых высокоэнергетических материалов. Проведены исследования физико-химических свойств серии фтординитрометил-ONN-азокси-соединений. При помощи параллельных высокопроизводительных квантово-химических вычислений проведена оптимизация геометрии структур с использованием теории функционала плотности и расчет ИК-спектров поглощения. Энтальпия образования в газовой фазе исследуемых соединений была определена с использованием методов реакции атомизации и реакции образования изучаемых соединений из простых веществ. Проведен анализ зависимости энтальпии образования в газовой фазе от структурных особенностей соединений. Проведено сравнение различных квантово-химических методов, реализованных в программных комплексах Gaussian 09 и NWChem по точности и временн´ым затратам. Проведена оценка использования QSPR модели для определения энтальпии сублимации.

The work addresses to the search and study of new high-energy density materials. The physicochemical properties of a series of fluorodinitromethyl-ONN-azoxy compounds were studied. Using parallel high-performance quantum chemical calculations, the geometry of the structures was optimized using the density functional theory and the IR absorption spectra were calculated. The enthalpy of formation in the gas phase of the studied compounds was determined using the methods of the atomization reaction and the reaction of formation of the studied compounds from simple substances. The dependence of the enthalpy of formation in the gas phase on the structural features of the compounds was analyzed. Various quantum chemical methods implemented in the Gaussian 09 and NWChem software packages were compared in terms of accuracy and time costs. An assessment was made of the use of the QSPR model to determine the enthalpy of sublimation.
Физические процессы взаимодействия лазерного излучения с константановой фольгой при изготовлении электрических нагревателей для космических аппаратов
Authors: Вятлев П.А. , Шеманов А.Г.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрены физические процессы, происходящие при размерной обработке константановой фольги импульсным инфракрасным лазерным излучением с длиной волны 1,06 мкм и наносекундной длительностью импульсов при изготовлении резистивного элемента нагревателя электрического фольгового для космических аппаратов.

The article discusses the physical processes occurring during dimensional processing of a constantan foilwith pulsed infrared laser radiation with a wavelengthof 1.06 microns anda nanosecond pulse durationin the manufacture of a resistive elementof an electric foil heater for spacecraft.
Разработка и верификация расчётно-экспериментального метода исследования виброактивности электромеханического привода системы ориентации солнечных батарей космического аппарата
Authors: Ефанов В.В. , Кузнецов Д.А. , Герасимчук В.В. , Телепнев П.П.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается актуальная научно-техническая задача определения ряда характеристик динамической схемы упругой конструкции привода системы ориентации солнечных батарей при проведении испытаний на виброактивность. Разработан и верифицирован метод определения упруго-диссипативных, жёсткостных и моментных характеристик привода с помощью акселерометров.

The article considers an urgent scientific and technical task to determine a number of characteristics of the dynamic circuit of the elastic design of the drive of the orientation system of solar panels during vibration tests. A method for determining the elastic-dissipative, stiffness and torque characteristics of the drive using accelerometers has been developed and verified.
Changes in the antioxidant capacity of Yulmoo Mool-Kimchi with lotus leaf powder addition during storage periods
Authors:   The Table and Food Coordinate Society of Korea, Song Ho-Su , Kim Sang-Im
Published: December 2024

This study evaluates the enhancement of quality characteristics of Yulmoo Mool-Kimchi through the addition of lotus leaf powder, known for its excellent bioactive properties. The research analyzed changes in antioxidant activity during storage. The total polyphenol content steadily increased, with the lotus leaf powder-added Kimchi showing an initial high level of 19.45 μM GE/mL. The total flavonoid content peaked on day 9 before decreasing, with the lotus leaf powder-added Kimchi exhibiting approximately twice the initial flavonoid content compared to the control group. This increase in bioactive compounds due to the addition of lotus leaf powder significantly affected DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, ORAC, and SOD activity, indicating superior antioxidant activity compared to the control group. In conclusion, the addition of lotus leaf powder to Yulmoo Mool-Kimchican enhance antioxidant activity while maintaining food quality and sensory quality. The findings of this study highlight the potential for developing high-value fermented foods with improved functionality through the use of various bioactive properties, including the antioxidant activity, provided by lotus leaves.
Evaluation of Hydrophobicity in Micropores of Nanostructured Metal-Organic Framework Materials from a Unified Isotherm Analysis
Authors: Rutherford Steven William
Published: December 2024

Hydrophobic micropores of Metal-Organic-Framework (MOF) materials show disparate behavior in water adsorption equilibrium with observations ranging from negligible, Type III to large, stepwise, Type V uptakes. Elementary understanding of this phenomenon is confounded by the lack of analytical descriptions broadly capable of elucidating the fundamental nature of hydrophobicity in nanoporous structures. This is exemplified by the absence of robust, quantitative hydrophobicity metrics that can be applied to rigorously assess the variety of observed adsorption equilibrium types including challenging, stepwise isotherms. By partitioning into surface and structural hydrophobicity, the analysis herein provides a novel fundamental metric which is shown to be capable of dictating multiple isotherm types, ranging from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Assessment of the mathematical limits of this metric yields a simple, yet rigorous, characterization methodology which is applied to 26 ostensibly hydrophobic, microporous, MOF materials. The resulting Modified-Kelvin-Analysis (MKA) that is based on bulk fluid properties and accounts for nanocapillarity and nanowetting, is demonstrably capable of characterizing the equilibrium behavior of water in molecular level micropores. Subsequent thermodynamic assessment of the results yields validation of the proposed relationships and interpretation. Furthermore, this investigation uniquely delivers a unified isotherm analysis framework which can quantitatively relate hydrophilic and hydrophobic isotherms as well as unite nine distinct, fundamental models describing adsorption equilibrium. Finally, the methods and analyses applied to these phenomena in MOF micropores could foreseeably aid computational studies, probe surface wetting, assess contact angles and scrutinize phenomena associated with hydrophobicity in other microporous, nanostructured materials.
Predicting the Morphology of Cobalt, Copper, and Ruthenium on TaN for Interconnect Metal Deposition
Authors: Ronnby Karl , Nolan Michael
Published: December 2024

Downscaling of metal interconnects has become a bottleneck in the back-end-of-line processing of CMOS devices. The conductivity of the commonly used Cu metal drastically reduces at nanoscale, limiting its use as the devices shrink, as the metal starts forming non-conductive islands. This has led to the requirement for new interconnect metals such as Co and Ru, as they have a much higher tendency to form conductive films at nanoscale. Understanding how the morphology depends on the metals’ atomistic properties is necessary to continue the rapid development of interconnects. In this study we have used first principles density functional theory calculations to investigate how the morphology of Cu, Co, and Ru differs on TaN substrates. We investigate the binding of both singe metal atoms and different configurations of four atom clusters to obtain the metals’ binding energy to the surface and their clustering energy. The morphology of the metals was then investigated by finite temperature ab initio molecular dynamic simulations of larger metal structures that can display 2D and 3D morphologies. Comparing the binding energies with the obtained morphology allows us to conclude the effect the energies have on the morphology. These insights helps in the development of morphology predictors allowing a quick method for finding new interconnect materials.
Effects of Locust Bean Pod (Parkia Biglobosa) Extract on Workability and Strength of Concrete
Authors: Vordoagu J. J. , Boateng K. A.
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Predominantly in the northern part of Ghana and other neighbouring West African countries, the Locust Bean Pod Extract (LBPE), known for its adhesive and cohesive properties, has enjoyed high patronage in its incorporation in various traditional construction formulations, especially in the production of clay floor tiles and bricks for some time now. To justify the material’s continual use, this paper explored the impact of the LBPE on the properties of fresh and hardened concrete.
Design/Methodology/Approach: LBPE was obtained by soaking the pods in 10g per litre of water for different extraction periods. Based on LBPE replacement percentages and soaking durations, 469 concrete cubes were formed from 9 different concrete mixes. The slumps for the various mixes and the strength of hardened concrete were tested after curing durations of 7 days to 28 days.
Findings: The experimental results revealed that LBPE enhanced the strength of concrete and gave it more workable mixes than concrete made with ordinary water. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis on the control indicates the presence of Oligoclase, whilst the LBPE samples indicate the presence of Albite. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis revealed the differences in element composition of both the control and LBPE samples. LBPE extraction at 4 days and 75% LBPE replacement of water achieved 54.67% more 28-day strength and over 21% more workability than the control. Fourier Transform Infrared results indicate that tannins are the primary functional element in LBPE.
Research Limitations: This study established that replacing water with LBPE significantly improves the workability and strength of concrete. The extraction at 4 days and 75% water replacement with LBPE yielded optimum results. 
Practical implications: This study provides a sustainable and low-cost solution to the mutually exclusive problem of increasing concrete workability and strength.
Social Implication: This study will assist practising engineers in dealing with the issue of artisans increasing the water-cement ratio of mixes to obtain workable mixes, which results in weak concrete strength and subsequent failure of concrete structures
Originality/ Value: This original experimental laboratory study addresses the problem of artisans using too much water to mix concrete to ensure workable mixes.
Safety Evaluation of Marketed Anti-Diabetic Herbal Medicines in Ghana
Authors: Ayembilla J. A. , Dzotefe G. B. , Gordon A. , Botchway F. A. , Antwi E .O. , Akotesie G. A. , Dartey D. , Abayateye S. , Osei-Adjei G.
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Despite readily available over-the-counter drugs, most herbal products are not scientifically validated for their safety profile. The study aimed to evaluate the safety profile of marketed anti-diabetic herbal medicines in Ghana.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Four antidiabetic herbal medicines were purchased from herbal shops at Okaishie market in Accra. The mixtures were dried at 70oC in a water bath to obtain powdered extracts. A single dose of 5000mg/kg body weight of each extract was administered to 10 female Sprague Dawley rats once for the acute toxicity studies, and signs of toxicity were observed. Histopathological examination of essential organs was conducted after sacrificing the rats. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant after multiple comparison tests.
Findings: No mortality or adverse side effects were recorded. The rats ' normal growth, food, and water consumption were observed during the study period. No significant biochemical or haematological differences were observed, and no significant histological alterations were observed in the tissues studied.
Research Limitation: This study used a specific batch of screened antidiabetic herbal medicines, and the results cannot be generalised to all batches of these herbal medicines.
Practical Implication: It will help the Food and Drugs Authority, Ghana Standard Authority, Ministry of Health, and Ghana Health Service to intensify their surveillance of these antidiabetic herbal medicines.
Social Implication: Safety evaluation of herbal medicines is vital in protecting society from serious adverse health effects from harmful herbal products.
Originality/Value: The study employs laboratory animals to assess these herbal medicines for safety evaluations. Rats have almost the same physiology and anatomy as humans.
Interrelations of Anomie and Self-Alienation of Creatively Inclined Russian Women
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Psychology, Kitaeva M. P.
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the study of anomie. It is aimed at examining some peculiarities of anomie as a form of self-alienation of modern creatively inclined Russian women. The study has found that the distribution of anomie and its parameters (senselessness, isolation, and normlessness) corresponds to the normal level; the level of anomie changes with time; the level of anomie has positive correlation with internal proneness to conflict, loneliness, self-reproach, externality and machiavelism, and negative correlation with self-confidence, self-control, reflected self-attitude, internality, and self-worth. Senselessness, isolation, and normlessness proved to have positive correlation with internal proneness to conflict, self-reproach, loneliness, externality, machiavelism, and negative correlation with self-confidence, self-control, reflected self-attitude, internality.
Hierarchy of Components of Student Youth Identity
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Pavlova K. N.
Published: December 2024

Changing models of identity formation, due to the transition from traditional values to more flexible and dynamic ones, causes the increasing interest of modern psychology in the study of student youth identity. The study implements a constructivist approach to identity as a multidimensional system consisting of core and peripheral elements. The core of students' identity is made up of family-role and professional components. It is well established that students attach more importance to their immediate social environment than to their civic, ethnic and regional affiliations. This can be explained by insufficient formation of emotional-value and behavioral components of civic identity, as well as negative social trends that weaken ethnic and regional identity
Building Confidence between Tutors and Their Parentless Adolescent Charges
Authors:   Pedagogical Institute Saratov State University, Selivanova Yu. V. , Sharov A. A. ,   Pedagogical Institute Saratov State University, Pastushkova L. V. ,   ANO Family and Childhood Support “Always near”
Published: December 2024

The formation of general, interpersonal and partner trust among mentors and their wards (orphaned teenagers) is studied at the stage of the six-month implementation of the mentoring program. The consideration of partner trust as a subspecies of interpersonal (social) trust is substantiated and the author's tools are presented as part of its diagnosis. It was revealed that mentors at the initial stage of the mentoring program implementation all the considered types of trust are represented at an average level, and wards – at a low level, i.e. indicators of the designated types of trust are statistically significantly higher expressed in mentors. At the control stage, it was revealed that the six-month implementation of part of the individual mentoring program contributes to an increase in the level of partner confidence among mentors, as well as an increase in interpersonal and partner trust among wards.
Review of V. L. Plyashkevich's Monograph “Brain Image-Algorithm as an Effective Human Principle”
Authors: Cheremoshkina L. V.
Published: December 2024

The review of V.L. Plyashkevich's monograph contains a positive assessment of the author's contribution to the cognitive sciences on the formation of the child's imaginative world as the basis of multilevel mental processes. The book is devoted to the origin of the image-algorithm – an unconscious code of action based on basic manipulations with objects of the physical world: to bring closer and remove (distance), connect and divide, unite and disconnect, destroy and preserve. The approach proposed by the author can be called a theory about the elementary principles of the subjective world, based on specific actions with objects visually and proprioceptively perceived and imprinted with the help of genetically embedded neural mechanisms. The work of V.L. Plyashkevich can be considered as a conceptual basis for interdisciplinary psychological, anthropological and psychophysiological research. Keywords: image-algorith
Sugar content analysis in selected commercially available complementary foods
in Malaysia
Authors: A.M. Marina , H. Noor Fadzlina , J.M. Hamid Jan , W.I. Wan Rosli , A.J. Rohana , H. Ruhaya , W.A. Wan Muhamad Amir
Published: December 2024

A concern worth exploring in commercially available complementary foods (CACFs) is
whether too much sugar is present. The studies regarding the sugar content in CACFs in
Malaysia are limited. Thus, this study was undertaken to determine the total sugar content
in selected CACFs in Malaysia. The sugar content was determined using the enzymatic
method. Samples were categorized into breakfast (cereal-based), meal (rice, pasta and
noodles) and snack (biscuits and rusks) groups. The results showed that the average total
sugar content in breakfast, meal and snack groups were 14.5%, 9.2% and 14.1%,
respectively. Most of the total sugar content in the CACFs was contributed by glucose.
About 29% of the CACFs had a total sugar content of more than 20%. A total of 59.6% of
CACFs had more than 10% of the total calories per serving derived from sugar. CACFs
serve as the first food in the life of a human and will shape the future dietary habits of a
child. Thus, a policy that restricts the amount of sugar in CACFs would be recommended
in order to establish a healthy diet foundation for children
PERCEPTIONS OF STATE POLICING AMONG TERTIARY STUDENTS IN ILORIN: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors:   Department of Criminology and Security Studies, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Balogun Obasanjo Solomon , Alliu Sadiat Iyabode ,   Department of Psychology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Agboh Micheal A. ,   Department of Criminology and Security Studies, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Published: December 2024

State policing has become a prominent topic in Nigeria’s ongoing efforts to reform law enforcement and address security challenges. This study, therefore, investigated how students in some selected Nigerian tertiary institutions perceived state policing, with an emphasis on their knowledge of the concept, its efficiency in upholding law and order, and their reservations about its implementation. 32 undergraduate students majoring in criminology and security studies at the University of Ilorin and Kwara State Polytechnic Ilorin provided qualitative data through structured interviews. Analysis of the data showed that responses from 16 participants reached topic saturation. Thematic analysis revealed that students expressed worries over political meddling, corruption, and possible violations of human rights, even as the majority expressed cautious optimism about the ability of state policing to increase security. The paper stressed the necessity of addressing these challenges and offers recommendations for the effective implementation of state policing.
Keywords: Criminology, Nigeria, police, policing, state policing, undergraduate students.
PLASTIC AND IRON WASTE RECYCLING POLLUTION IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors:   Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria, Emakpor Oluwaseyi Amos , Adeyemi-Suenu Adebowale ,   Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria, Salami Wale ,   Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
Published: December 2024

Lagos State had experienced adverse pollution as a result of lack of proper waste management and diverse industrial activities within its environs. The repercussion of this has consequently led to the deplorable state of the environment as well as the low quality of health amongst residents. Waste management has become a huge and intricate problem due to geometric population growth, urbanisation, industrialisation and the rising standard of living. This study investigated Plastic and Iron Waste Recycling Pollution in Lagos State, Nigeria. This study concluded that hazards of Plastic and Iron Waste Recycling Pollution in Lagos State; the drainage systems habitually blocked causing yearly flooding which usually lasted throughout the rainy seasons from April to October and displaced millions of residents. The clogged sewage systems became the perfect breeding environment for mosquitoes and flooding washed away footpaths caused people to move around in dirty water from overflowed gutters and polluted major sources of drinking water which led to the spread of cholera and typhoid fever. Also, higher levels of toxic heavy metals were observed among residents at close proximity to recycling iron factories. For environmental sustainability in Lagos State plastic and iron waste recycling pollution must be seriously cautioned in following; environmental impact assessment is necessary for any development in Lagos State, recycling programmes and waste to energy facilities can be reawaken with modernised and ecological friendly technologies.
Keywords: Iron waste, Plastic waste, Pollution, Waste recycling, Waste management.
Surgical treatment of proximal biliary and biliovascular lesions
Authors: Усенко О. Ю. , Гриненко О. В. , Мельничук В. М. , Федоров Д. О. , Жиленко А. І. , Попов О. О. , Гусєв А. В.
Published: December 2024

Objective. To determine the indications for resective surgical interventions in various types of biliary tract injuries, to assess the risk and effectiveness of such operations and the rates of postoperative complications and mortality.
Materials and methods. From January 2004 to June 2024, 36 liver resections for biliary tract damage were performed at the Department of Liver Transplantation and Surgery of the Shalimov National Research Centre for Surgery and Transplantation of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. The criterion for inclusion in the study was liver resection for iatrogenic biliary tract damage.
Results. Indications for liver resection with biliary reconstruction were severe bile duct damage, its combination with vascular damage, a long period after biliary tract injury with necrotic or atrophic changes in the liver. Preoperative preparation is aimed at eliminating complications caused by biliary tract damage. The choice of surgical tactics depended on the level of bile duct injury and the nature of the combined vascular damage. Most severe complications were associated with the development of liver failure and sepsis. Mortality in the postoperative period was 19.4% (7 patients died) and was associated with the inability to sufficiently correct septic complications at the preoperative stage.
Conclusions. Liver resection in many patients is the most effective treatment for iatrogenic biliary tract injury. Given the potentially high rates of complications and mortality in this group of patients, successful treatment requires clear indications for resection. Liver resection for biliary tract injuries should be performed in conditions of complete elimination of previous complications and compensation of the patient's condition. Prevention or effective treatment of chronic purulent inflammation of the biliary tract and sepsis is the main task of the surgeon at the preoperative stage, as they cause mortality in this group of patients.
Visual comparative analysis of the effectiveness of SMAS and deep rhytidectomy
Authors: Бондарєв Р. В. , Логвінов Є. О.
Published: December 2024

Objective. To visually assess the harmony of the face in patients with age–related changes in the face and neck after SMAS or deep rhytidectomy.
Materials and methods. A total of 210 patients were operated on. Deep rhytidectomy was performed in 90 patients, 15 of them in combination with medial plasmaplasty. SMAS rhytidectomy was performed in 120 patients, in 26 of them it was supplemented with medial plasmaplasty. The results of the operation were evaluated after 6 months.
Results. The visual results of deep rhytidectomy were better and confirmed the patients' expectations of surgical facial contour correction. Specific result combinations inherent in deep rhytidectomy were observed: harmony of the eyebrow line, reduction of the depth of the glabella and crow's feet (upper third of the face); visual reduction of the upper eyelid droop, increase in the fullness of the upper and lower cheeks, reduction of the periorbital zone (middle third of the face); reduction of "marionette lines", nasolabial lines, increase in the fullness of the upper and lower lips, harmony of the corners of the mouth (lower third of the face); roundness of the primary arch of the lower jaw line; reduction in the relative height of the lower third of the face and increase in the difference between the length of the interzygomatic and intergonial lines.
Conclusions. Deep rhytidectomy is a more advanced surgical procedure that eliminates sagging not only of the skin, but also of deeper tissues and structures of the face, including muscles, ligaments and fascia, and its results are more pronounced comprehensive facial rejuvenation, clarity of the lower third of the face and jawline.
Features of stress reactions in patients with osteoarthritis and concomitant cardiac pathology depending on the type of surgical access in hip arthroplasty
Authors: Вако Д. І. , Хартанович М. В.
Published: December 2024

Objective. To compare the features of stress reactions in patients with osteoarthritis and concomitant cardiac pathology before surgery and in the early period after total hip arthroplasty, depending on the type of surgical access.
Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 90 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty using the standard posterior approach (group 1) and modified posterior approach (group 2) were analysed. The levels of insulin, cortisol, glucose, interleukin–6 and tumour necrosis factor–α were determined, the HOMA index (Homeostasis model assessment) was calculated, and the pain status and function of the operated joint were assessed.
Results. Throughout the study, pain intensity remained statistically significantly lower in patients undergoing a modified posterior approach. The values of the HOMA index at the beginning of the study were the same in both groups. In the case of a modified posterior approach immediately after surgery and on day 1, they were statistically significantly lower than in patients who underwent a standard posterior approach, on day 7 they differed almost statistically significantly (p = 0.08), and were lower. Similar dynamics were observed with regard to cortisolemia. The concentration of interleukin–6 and tumour necrosis factor–α during the first three stages of the study had no differences between the groups, and on day 7 after surgery this indicator in patients who underwent a modified posterior approach became statistically significantly lower. The assessment of hip joint function within 7 days after surgery was the same after both approaches, but in a month, in patients who underwent a modified posterior approach, the joint function became statistically significantly better.
Conclusions. The modified posterior approach has advantages over the standard approach in total hip arthroplasty in patients with osteoarthritis and concomitant cardiac pathology.
Analysis of data on cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in public supply reservoirs (São Paulo, Brazil)
Authors: Augusta de Souza Bronstein Caroline , Moschini-Carlos Viviane
Published: December 2024

The incidence of cyanobacterial blooms in reservoirs intended for human supply represents a serious health risk due to the ability of these organisms to produce cyanotoxins. The study aimed to collect and summarize information related to variables associated with eutrophication of water sources of the Sorocaba River basin (São Paulo, Brazil). The objective was to assess the occurrence of cyanotoxins in treated water supplied to approximately 800,000 people. The study analyzed data from different abstraction, treatment, and distribution stations, emphasizing the supply from the Itupararanga and Ipanema dams, as well as the Sorocaba River. Data were obtained from the Drinking Water Quality Surveillance Information System (SISAGUA), the Autonomous Water and Sewage Service (SAAE), and the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB). A total of 4719 data points for cyanobacteria, chlorophyll-a, and cyanotoxins were analyzed between 2014 and 2021. The results indicate a deterioration in the trophic state of the Sorocaba River and the Itupararanga Dam, revealing a correlation between cyanobacteria and saxitoxins, with a predominance of the genus Raphidiopsis. A microcystin concentration of 0.40 µg l-1 was recorded at the Itupararanga Dam in treated water.
Prehabilitation Oncologica Multimodal
Authors: Molinares Mejia Diana
Published: December 2024

Physical function and quality of life are severely impacted by cancer and oncological treatments. In light of these findings over the last two decades, the focus of cancer rehabilitation research has shifted to preventive interventions. These interventions, known as prehabilitation, aim to improve patients’ physical, mental, and nutritional status before oncological treatment. The term prehabilitation was first defined in 2013 by Silver et al. as “a process on the cancer continuum of care that occurs between the time of cancer diagnosis and the beginning of acute treatment and includes physical and psychological assessments that establish a baseline functional level, identify impairments, and provide interventions that promote physical and psychological health to reduce the incidence and/or severity of future impairments. Since then, the impact of prehabilitation has been evaluated in multiple cancer types with beneficial results. This review aims to describe the benefits of rehabilitation in the cancer continuum and the effects on the different disease groups.
NESTING OF THE RESIN BEE MEGACHILE (CALLOMEGACHILE) SCULPTURALIS SMITH, 1853 (HYMENOPTERA, APOIDEA, MEGACHILIDAE) IN FABRE HIVES. CHOISE OF A CAVITY FOR THE NEST
Authors: Ivanov S. , Pivovarenko N.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of an experimental study of the behavior of the resin bee Megachile sculpturalis Smith, 1853 inhabiting Fabre hives. The hives provided to the bees for colonization were made of segments of reed stalks (Phragmites australis) in the form of tubes, open on one side and closed on the other. The tubes were tied into bundles and inserted into the front wall of the hive or fixed to its sides. In addition, separate tubes were inserted into the front wall of the hive at different distances from each other. Female bees preferred to colonize tubes located on the front wall of the hive separately at a distance of 2.5 and 4.5 cm from each other (49.5 % and 40.7 % of colonized tubes, respectively). Tubes tied into bundles were colonized less willingly. Bundles located on the front wall of the hive were colonized more readily (32.0 % of the colonized tubes in bundles) than bundles located on the sides of the hive (12.8 % of the colonized tubes in bundles). Bunches assembled from tubes with a straight cut of the front edge were populated 2.3 times more often than bundles assembled from tubes with an oblique cut of the front edge. Tubes of the outermost row of a bundle of tubes were populated more often than tubes located in the second row or in the center of the bundle of tubes. The percentage of colonization of tubes in the first row was 16.5 %, in the second row – 13.5 %, and of tubes located in the center of the bundle – 7.7 %. The lower density of tube colonization in certain variants of the experiment is explained by the fact that in these variants the female bees had difficulties remembering the location of the tube they had chosen for colonization. The female bees populated tubes of different diameters in the range from 7 to 16 mm, without a preference for tubes of any diameter. The length of the populated tubes varied from 7 to 35 cm. A preference for tubes in any range of length was also not revealed. The lack of skills in assessing the linear parameters of the cavity for the nest in females of M. sculpturalis is explained by their loss due to the transition to a tenantry – a settlement of nests of other bee species. This assumption is confirmed by the known tendency of M. sculpturalis to populate holes of abandoned nests of Xylocopa bees, including in the Crimea. Tubes with a smooth concave bottom were populated 2.7 times more often than tubes with an uneven and convex bottom. This feature of nesting of M. sculpturalis is also interpreted as a consequence of the transition to a tenantry.