bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of the patient with renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia: clinical case
Authors: Kozlova E. V. , Bulkina O. S. , Lopukhova V. V. , Mironov V. M. , Kushnir V. V. , Vasilenko E. I. , Milko O. V. , Karpov Yu. A.
Published: September 2022

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a rare disease that affects small and medium-sized arteries. Clinical manifestations of FMD depend on its localization. In many cases, FMD of renal arteries (RA) is associated with arterial hypertension. Young age, particularly of female patients, suspected RA dissection or kidney infarction, absence of atherosclerosis or presence of FMD in other arteries of such patients evidence for RA FMD. In invasive treatment of hemodynamically significant stenoses, transluminal balloon angioplasty (TBA) of renal arteries is preferrable. Taking into account initial alterations of the vascular wall and unevenness of the lumen of the affected blood vessel, stent implantation is associated with an increased risk of complications and is recommended only if ballooning complications develop. An open reconstructive surgery is indicated in complicated narrowing anatomy, a high risk of the endovascular treatment, or after failure of the endovascular intervention. This article presents a clinical case of a young female patient with RA FMD and renovascular arterial hypertension who successfully underwent renal TBA with a drug-coated balloon.
Assessment of right ventricular functions in acromegaly: comparison of active disease with remission
Authors: Pirhan Osman , Ertuğrul Abdülcelil Sait , Yıldız Cennet , Karabulut Dilay , Pehlivan Bahar , Piskinpasa Hamide , Dogansen Sema Ciftci , Mert Meral
Published: September 2022

Aim    Cardiac involvement in acromegaly is defined as acromegalic cardiomyopathy, an insidious and chronic disease. Previous research on acromegalic cardiomyopathy was largely focused on morphological and functional assessment of the left heart. Since the literature data regarding right heart function in acromegalic patients are limited, we aimed to evaluate the structure and function of the right heart in such patients.Material and Methods    We included 43 adult participants as the acromegaly group and 42 individuals as the control group. All patients underwent echocardiographic evaluation. The results were compared between acromegaly and control groups and between active and controlled acromegaly groups.Results    The acromegaly group had increased interventricular septum thickness, right ventricular (RV) free wall thickness, right atrium (RA) minor diameter, RV basal and longitudinal diameters, RV end-diastolic and end-systolic areas, E / E’ ratio, isovolumetric relaxation time, and RV ejection time. The E / A ratio and E’ velocity were reduced. GH and IGF-1 were positively correlated with RV longitudinal diameter, indexed RA minor-axis dimension, and indexed RV end-diastolic area. Patients with active acromegaly had increased RV index of myocardial performance (RVIMP) and isovolumetric contraction time and shortened RV ejection time compared to patients in remission. A RVIMP value of 0.435 predicted active acromegaly with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.83 and 0.64, respectively (p=0.002).Conclusions    Increases in the size and diameters of the right heart chambers along with RV free wall thickness may be attributed to acromegalic cardiomyopathy. RVIMP, isovolumetric contraction time, and ejection time are parameters that can be used in the evaluation of active acromegaly disease.
A Study on the Virtual Asset Transactions and Legislative Issues of Consumer Protection Act
Authors:   The Legal Studies Institute of Chosun University, Ko Hyoungsuk
Published: September 2022

E-commerce on virtual assets is rapidly developing. However, laws governing virtual asset transactions have not been enacted. However, the Specific Financial Information Act was revised in 2020 to regulate virtual assets, but there are limitations in that it does not regulate specific details on additional asset transactions because the purpose is to establish a transparent financial transaction order. Therefore, the need to regulate legal relations for rapidly increasing virtual asset transactions has been raised. In this paper, i examined whether virtual asset transactions can be properly regulated, focusing on the laws related to consumer protection among the current laws. Of course, e-commerce law etc. are applied since virtual assets are a kind of digital content. However, it is not reasonable to apply the withdrawal of offer to speculative transactions and it causes a bigger problem when applying regulations with many contradictions. In addition, the Terms and Conditions Regulation Act has a limitation in that it cannot regulate third-party terms and conditions. These points can be said to be inevitable limitations or problems because the current laws on consumer protection were enacted before virtual assets appeared. Even so, it is not reasonable to stand by even when virtual asset transactions are active. If so, how do you solve the consumer problem arising from virtual asset transactions? In response, it is possible to propose a plan to regulate virtual asset transactions by amending the current consumer protection laws or enact a special law on virtual asset transactions. However, it would be desirable to solve it in the latter way since it is not appropriate to apply the current consumer protection law to highly speculative virtual asset transactions. Considering this, the special law on virtual asset transactions needs to be enacted as soon as possible.
Governmental Subsidies and Freedom of Speech: Focused on the Unconstitutional Conditions Doctrine of the U.S. Supreme Court
Authors:   The Legal Studies Institute of Chosun University, Im Hyo Jun
Published: September 2022

The unconstitutional conditions doctrine is that government may not grant a benefit on the condition that the beneficiary waive a constitutional right, especially freedom of speech. The doctrine has mainly been applied to the case where government may condition subsidies on silencing certain expression. The U.S. Supreme Court established ‘scope of program test’ in AOSI case(2013). Under the test, whereas (1) conditions that define the limits of the governmental subsidies program do not infringe freedom of speech, (2) conditions that seek to leverage subsidies to regulate speech outside the contours of the program do infringe freedom of speech.
The test firstly requires to decide that the purpose of governmental subsidies is (1) to convey government’s own message or (2) to encourage a diversity of views from private speakers. In case of (1), government can impose conditions that force to relinquish certain expression contrary to the viewpoint of government, but in case of (2), government cannot impose those conditions. Even in case of (1), it is needed to decide whether the conditions regulate only expression inside the subsidies program or up to expression outside the subsidies program, secondly. This issue depends on whether the recipient of subsidies can still make the very expression regulated by the conditions through alternative channels or not.
The Constitutional Court and Supreme Court of Korea have dealt with similar cases, such as ‘blacklisting cultural artists’ cases. While it seems that both courts referred to unconstitutional conditions doctrine, some opinions misunderstood the doctrine and an explicit standard determining constitutional validity on these cases has not been established. It might be helpful to consider introducing a doctrine similar with unconstitutional conditions doctrine.
Detection of ESBL producing E.coli and Klebsiella spp in urinary tract infection due to long exposure of catheterize condition in Covid positive patient admitted in HDU
Authors: Nandi Dilip Kumar , Bera Shyam Sundar , Pathak Traun Kumar , Sarkar Arunabha , Pathak Devnil , Mitra Mousumi , Nandi Purna , Mitra Sudeep , Sasmal Bandita , Bhattacharya Kaberi
Published: September 2022

Long exposure of broad spectrum antibiotic can severe causes of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production within bacteria in UTI patient. Community-acquired infections due to ESBL producing and both are rising worldwide.

To assess the prevalence and antibiotics resistance patterns of ESBL-producing and Klebsiella spp. from covid positive patient admitted in HDU with catheterized condition.

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on Salboni Super speciality Hospital (Covid Level-IV) at West Bengal, India from August 2020 to August2021and a total of 1116 urine samples were collected from catheterized patient admitted in male and female HDU due to exposure of covid. Samples were cultured on CLED agar and then Identification of the isolates was done by Gram's staining followed by biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and interpretation was done following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines foe detection of ESBL producing and .

present study showed 51.6% (n-326) and 37.2% (n-235) Klebsiella spp. from 631 significant growths from both male and female patients. Out of this, total ESBL producing and spp. seen 55% (n-309) from both male and femle patient in different age group. Finally Isolated ESBL producing i 45.9 % (n-142) and ESBL producing Klebsiella spp. 54 % (n- 167) from both male and female HDU.

Detection of ESBL producing and due to prolonged uses of broad spectrum antibiotic vigorously. The occurrence of multidrug resistance to the third-generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tetracyclines is more common among ESBL producers. It may help to detect other organism in same condition, so that it will be importance in clinical aspect of future treatment for clinician.
Saussure e Foucault, língua e discurso
Authors: Fernandes Cleudemar Alves , Sargentini Vanice
Published: September 2022

O artigo problematiza a noção de língua que perpassa os estudos de Foucault, mais especialmente nos textos publicados no final dos anos 1960, com ênfase para A Arqueologia do Saber. Objetiva explicitar e/ou discutir as implicações do conceito de língua para a edificação de aparatos teóricos e metodológicos que dão sustentação às suas proposições sobre o discurso. Tem-se como hipótese que o diálogo com o estruturalismo, que lhe apresenta a língua como sistema, atua como fundamento para os conceitos de discurso e práticas discursivas, que lhe serão caros ao longo de vários anos de pesquisa. No desenvolvimento do artigo, inicialmente apresenta-se a noção de língua em Ferdinand de Saussure, especificamente no Curso de Linguística Geral, e posteriormente, faz-se o cotejamento da noção de língua em Foucault e em Saussure, considerando o desencadeamento dos conceitos de enunciado e de discurso. Os resultados indicam as aproximações e distanciamentos entre os dois autores, considerando-se a noção de língua.
Regimes de verdade e sexualidade
Authors: Guimarães Mendes Laurianne , Durval Dorne Vinícius
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho traz algumas reflexões acerca da pesquisa “Regimes de verdades sobre a instituição escolar em enunciados do projeto ‘Escola sem partido’”, cujo objetivo é analisar regimes de verdade que recaem sobre o ambiente escolar, por meio de enunciados presentes no Twitter. O projeto Escola sem Partido é um movimento político que emergiu em São Paulo, Brasil, em 2004, tendo como fundador o advogado Miguel Nagib, que centraliza a questão da atuação dos professores em sala de aula, buscando a imparcialidade e a objetividade do docente. Pretendemos, assim, a partir dos Estudos Discursivos Foucaultianos, pensar a constituição discursiva da instituição escolar pelos enunciados decorrentes de integrantes e simpatizantes do respectivo movimento político, sobretudo, em relação à noção de sexualidade. Por intermédio da análise de enunciados, observou-se que a estratégia discursiva que embasa a defesa do projeto “Escola sem Partido” se dá, entre outros, pela sensibilização da família, um dos principais instrumentos da governamentalidade para o controle da população.
As paixões de Pedro
Authors: Butturi Junior Atílio
Published: September 2022

Entrevista com Pedro de Souza.
Implicações do conceito foucaultiano de heterotopia nos estudos discursivos
Authors: Rocha Décio , Deusdará Bruno
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho tem por objetivo retraçar a trajetória do conceito de heterotopia na obra de Michel Foucault, acentuando suas interseções com uma perspectiva discursiva das práticas linguageiras. Se falamos em interseções, é porque reconhecemos na heterotopologia o estudo das relações entre espaço e poder, articulação que sempre está presente nas preocupações do analista do discurso. Com base em um caminho metodológico assentado na pesquisa documental e em práticas cartográficas (DELEUZE; GUATTARI 1995), buscaremos rever a construção do conceito de heterotopia, passando, em seguida, a uma iniciativa inovadora no universo das práticas linguageiras: um ensaio de análise de texto veiculado na mídia cuja construção reflete a realidade de espaços heterotópicos. Dentre os resultados obtidos, enfatizamos a pertinência de uma análise de ordem discursiva com base no conceito de heterotopia e, por meio de procedimentos atinentes em especial a um dos princípios da abordagem cartográfica, a depreensão de um plano coletivo de forças em embate presentes na narrativa analisada.
Vidas que incomodam
Authors: Neves Ivânia dos Santos
Published: September 2022

O assassinato de Marielle Franco, em março de 2018, representou um duro golpe às bases democráticas do Brasil e a repercussão desse crime dividiu a população brasileira. Sua trajetória de vida e suas lutas como ativista em defesa das mulheres negras, das pessoas trans e das populações faveladas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro desafiaram as estruturas do dispositivo colonial. Ela criticou duramente as estruturas do patriarcado e as políticas de segurança pública. O objetivo deste artigo, fundamentado nos estudos do discurso foucaultianos e nas discussões decoloniais, é analisar como Marielle Franco colocou em circulação uma série de enunciados que desafiavam o dispositivo colonial no Brasil. Tomei como principal corpus de análise sua dissertação de mestrado, defendida em 2014 e uma entrevista que concedeu ao site Subjetiva em 2017.
Uma análise discursiva foucaultiana das visibilidades do macho em aplicativos de relacionamento
Authors: Cardoso e Silva Elivelto , De Sousa Katia Menezes
Published: September 2022

Neste artigo examinamos as visibilidades produzidas discursivamente a respeito da identificação sexual de homens em busca de outros homens para interações afetivo-sexuais em aplicativos de relacionamento. O objetivo da análise é construir problematizações a respeito da gramática binária “macho/fêmea” reproduzida online na busca por visibilidades sexuais que se enquadrem nesta gramática e, por sua vez, valorizem homens vistos como machos. Para isso, consideramos dados produzidos de 2017 a 2021 em pesquisa online em perfis de usuários do Grindr e do Scruff – ambos encontrados em lojas online de aplicativos para celulares.  Seguindo a constatação de Deleuze sobre o método arqueológico de Michel Foucault, consideramos, diante do problema relativo às relações homoafetivas e de gêneros, os focos de poder/resistência como possibilitadores da formação do corpus que se centrou na disputa online “macho vs gay”, observada em 580 prints de autodescrições de usuários dos dois aplicativos. As reflexões acerca do método arqueológico foucaultiano e das considerações deleuzianas, que colocam dizibilidades e visibilidades como em constantes capturas recíprocas sob um primado do enunciado, nos possibilitaram compreender como se configura as valorizações a respeito de sujeitos que fazem ver, em seu funcionamento corporal, a visibilidade da macheza heterossexual.
Antifungal action of essential oils on Colletotrichum musae in vitro
Authors: Rezende Dalilla Carvalho , José Galvão Chagas Yuri , Perez de Carvalho Hebe , Fagundes de Carvalho Beatriz , Vilar Fernandes Ítalo , Perez de Carvalho dos Santos Ana Carolina
Published: September 2022

Anthracnose is a phytosanitary problem affecting banana producers. It is a major postharvest disease and is mainly controlled by the use of fungicides. As the search for healthy foods free of chemical residues has increased among consumers, the objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal efficacy of different concentrations of essential oils on mycelial growth of Colletotrichum musae, the causal agent of anthracnose in banana fruits. The essential oils used were citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citrates), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), and basil (Ocimum basilicum). The essential oils were added to a potato dextrose agar medium at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0,and 2.5 μLmL−1 and distributed in 90 mm diameter Petri dishes. Mycelium discs from the fungal colony, grown for seven days, were transferred to Petri dishes containing the oils and incubated at 25°C with a photoperiod of 12 h (light/dark) cycle for eight days. Colony growth was monitored daily to determine the percentage, index of inhibition of mycelial growth, and average diameter of the colonies. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with six different extract concentrations with replicates (n = 4). Each oil extract was then evaluated separately. The essential oils from citronellagrass, lemongrass, and basil inhibited mycelial growth to the proportion that the oil concentration increased. The total inhibition of the pathogen occurred at a concentration of 1.5 µLmL−1 using citronellagrass and lemongrass and 2.5 µLmL−1 using basil. However, essential oils from clove completely inhibited the mycelial growth of C. musae at a concentration of 0.5 µLmL−1. The tested essential oils showed in vitro antifungal activity against C. musae at different concentrations. However, essential oils from clove are unique in exhibiting a better inhibitory effect on mycelial growth at lower concentrations.
Nietzsche and the Ontological History of Nihilism
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kosykhin V. G.
Published: September 2022

The article deals with the investigation of the question of Nietzsche’s understanding of historicity of the stages of nihilist formation. The author examines the tendency of the positioning of formation of the essence which is distinctive for Nietzsche’s and Heidegger’s ontological historicism. Special attention is devoted to comparison of the hermeneutics of nihilist formation in the ontological discourse of Heidegger and Derrida.
Genealogy and Social Memory: a Methodological Analysis
Authors:   Saratov State University, Lomako O. М.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the philosophical analysis of the social memory with the comparative historical method of genealogy, which allows to consider a person in its entirety with the world, that means in the unity of the cultural and social links between generations. The possibility of using a philosophical genealogy method to the phenomenon of the social memory is revealed through the categorical comparison of the source of social life and customs.
Can We See Causal Relation?
Authors:   Kazan State Medicine University, Nagumanova S.F.
Published: September 2022

Several philosophers and psychologists contend that we can see causal relation in some cases. In this article it is suggested – based on the analysis of Susanna Siegel and Steven Butterfill views – that we can see causal relation only in cases of simple mechanical movements.
Certain Factors of Teenagers Attitude to Money
Authors:   Saratov State University, Mironova T. Y.
Published: September 2022

This article is about the results of the research about external and internal factors (age, sex, geographic location, personal characteristics, features of value sphere and the level of breeding), which influence on the development of teenagers attitude to money. These factors were detected with the help of empirical study and there is a description of how money can shape the teenagers attitude to it.
Cognitive Frames of Archaic and Classical Greek Vase-Painting Perception: Spatial and Contextual Aspects
Authors:   Saratov State University, Mikhailin V. Y.
Published: September 2022

Author examines the space of Ancient Greek symposium, as including in itself the projective realities of the sympotic vase-painting, from the point of view of cognitive patterns underlying it.
On Unified Social and Humanitarian Theory
Authors:   Saratov State University, Ponukalin A. A.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the scientific basis for a unified social theory needed to explain the reasons, to predict the aftermath of the global systemic crisis and to develop the concept of social ideal of desired future.
Time Series Modeling and Forecasting of Monthly Mean Sea Level (1978 – 2020): SARIMA and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network
Authors: Chi Yeong Nain
Published: September 2022

The primary purpose of this study was to demonstrate the role of time series model in predicting process and to pursue analysis of time series data using long-term records of monthly mean sea level from January 1978 to October 2020 at Grand Isle, Louisiana. Following the Box–Jenkins methodology, the ARIMA(1,1,1)(2,0,0)[12] with drift model was selected to be the best fitting model for the time series, according to the lowest AIC value in this study. Empirically, the results revealed that the MLP neural network model performed better compared to the ARIMA(1,1,1)(2,0,0)[12] with drift model at its smaller MSE value. Hence, the MLP neural network model not only can provided information which are important in decision making process related to the future sea level change impacts, but also can be employed in forecasting the future performance for local mean sea level change outcomes. Understanding past sea level is important for the analysis of current and future sea level changes. In order to sustain these observations, research programs utilizing the resulting data should be able to improve significantly our understanding and narrow projections of future sea level rise and variability.
The Influence of Soil Use Methods on the Changes in the Humus Content in Leached Chernozems of the Moderately Arid and Forest-Outlier Steppe of the Altai Territory
Authors: Morkovkin Gennady G. , Strebkova Alyona S. , Maximova Nina B. , Slazhneva Svetlana S.
Published: September 2022

The results of a study of the influence of various soil use methods on the humus content in leached chernozem under the conditions of the moderately arid and forest-outlier steppe of the Altai Territory are presented in this article. Soil sampling was carried out on the basis of experimental fields in the Educational farm “Prigorodnoe” and the FSUE “Komsomolsky”, Pavlovsky District. The following variants of soil use as traditional technology, minimum technology, perennial fallow land (18 years), virgin land (natural haymaking) are considered. We determined the humus content using I.V. Tyurin’s method, repeated three times. The article shows that the use of conservation agriculture technologies contributes to an increase in the accumulation of soil carbon, and as a result, an increase in soil humus content. It has been established that when using traditional soil cultivation technology, the humus content in the soil is lower against the background of perennial fallow land (18 years), virgin land (natural haymaking). During the experiment with traditional technology, we revealed the minimum value of the humus content in the subsurface horizon. When using the minimum technology, the humus content in the soil prevails 1.5 times compared to the traditional one. Adaptation of resource-saving technologies to the conditions of the moderately arid and forest-outlier steppe of the Altai Territory will reduce the intensity of mechanical impact on soils, improve the ecological state of agricultural landscapes and optimize farming systems.
Climatogenic Transformation of Mountain Forest Associations and the Vector of Stable Restorative Successions
Authors: Onischenko Vyacheslav V. , Dega Natalya S. , Ediev Aubekir U. , Lipilin Dmitriy A.
Published: September 2022

The popular tourist, excursion and ski centers of Teberda and Dombay are located within the boundaries of the Teberda State Natural Biosphere Reserve (TSNBR). The result of the recreational development of the area was the drying up of the main layer of the endemic dark coniferous forest, which is located in the zone of local natural and climatic processes, transforming under the influence of anthropogenic activity. The degradation of the unique mountain-forest landscape is going. Comprehensive geoecological studies using geochemical, silvicultural-taxation, physical and geographical methods and means of remote sensing (images from the Landsat 8 spacecraft), when comparing the model of air temperature fields with the plan of afforestation and phytocenotic map, made it possible to determine ecological niches for dominants in the model dark coniferous array. The relative gradients of the thermal field of various associations are determined. The areas of forest plots, different in latent heat fluxes, depending on the degree of degradation of the main layer and the nature of the succession process, have been established. The optimal ecological conditions for the vector of natural reforestation have been determined.
Phytoperiphytic Communities of the Caspian Littoral Zone
Authors: Amaeva Frangiz Sh. , Abdurakhmanova Aishat A. , Osmanov Magomed M. , Akhmedova Gulnara A.
Published: September 2022

Since phytoperiphyton, along with phytoplankton, is the first trophic link and the most informative biological object, the analysis of its species structure makes it possible to get an idea of the ecological state of the reservoir. Hydrobiological monitoring of the sea area, as well as hydrochemical monitoring, makes it possible to assess the quality of water, not only at the moment, but also in the previous period, as well as in case of chronic pollution. Thus, the conducted studies of the species diversity and distribution of phytoperiphyton make it possible not only to broaden the overall understanding of the algоflora of the coastal waters of the Middle Caspian, but also to supplement and update the data of the implemented environmental monitoring programs.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Siswa Terhadap Teks Eksposisi Melalui Strategi Membaca Pemahaman SQ3R pada Siswa Kelas VII Mts Wachid Hasyim Surabaya
Authors: Farisia Hernik , Syafuddin Raden , Na'im M. , Tyanto Erdin Lies
Published: September 2022

Based on preliminary study, it was found that 62% of students at the seventh grade of MTs Wachid Hasyim Surabaya were not able to answer inferential and referential question to fulfil reading comprehension. Therefore, this study used classroom action research by implementing Survey, Question, Read, Recite, dan Review (SQ3R) reading strategy to improve students’ ability in reading comprehension. This research was conducted in two cycles. The result showed that 83% students were able to answer inferential and referential question to understand the text at the first cycle and 97 % at the second cycle. It means that there was an increase of 14% from the first cycle to the second cycle. Meanwhile, 79% students had reached mastery learning to rewrite the text on students’ own language.
Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: Assessing The Effects of Pharmacological Preventive Measures
Authors: F Velasquez-Botero
Published: September 2022

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury is a well-recognized nosocomial entity that usually arises 3 - 5 days after IV contrast administration. CI-AKI is characterized by an increase in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, or a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate due to iodineinduced oxidative damage to vascular endothelial cells and renal tubular epithelium. Despite the advances in understanding the pathophysiology that has been achieved, there is still no complete and adequate prevention measure for this condition. AKI continues to be one of the most severe adverse effects related to the use of intravascular contrast agents. The condition can range from mild and asymptomatic serum creatinine elevation to acute renal failure with a hemodynamic compromise that could culminate in chronic kidney disease or patient dismissal. CI-AKI is challenging to predict and tends to be more prevalent in patients with preexisting comorbid conditions such as kidney disease, organ failure, diabetic nephropathy, and advanced age.
Decentralised Access to Electricity Through Mini-Grids in Tanzania
Authors:   Institute of Development Studies, Pueyo Ana ,   Motu Economic and Public Policy Research
Published: September 2022

Renewable, decentralised mini-grids are a promising technology for electrifying remote communities in sub-Saharan Africa. However, most mini-grids struggle not only to obtain a profit, but also to recover costs. This Policy Briefing describes the case of a private, for-profit mini-grid business model which also developed the productive commercial uses of electricity to achieve financial sustainability. The model failed due to high regulatory risks, initially high tariffs, and complex management of commercial activities. We argue that public–private partnerships and collaboration with local agrobusinesses could improve affordability, reduce risks, and ensure long-term sustainability.
La Estela 87 de Tak’alik Ab’aj: ensayo de un estudio colaborativo
Authors:   Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes Guatemala - Viceministerio y Dirección General del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural, IDAEH, Schieber de Lavarreda Christa , Orrego Corzo Miguel ,   Parque Arqueológico Nacional Tak'alik Ab'aj - Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes - Viceministerio y Dirección General del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural, IDAEH, Guatemala, Grube Nikolai ,   Universidad de Bonn, Instituto de Arqueología y Antropología, Davletshin Albert ,   Universidad Estatal Rusa de Humanidades Moscú, Instituto de Estudios Orientales y Clásicos, Centro de Estudios Comparativos, Federación Rusa, Mora-Marín David ,   University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Departamento de Lingüistica, USA, Gronemeyer Sven ,   Universidad La Trobe - Melbourne, Departamento de Arqueología e Historia, Prager Christian ,   Universidad de Bonn, Departamento de Antropología de las Américas, Wagner Elisabeth ,   Universidad de Bonn, Departamento de Antropología de las Américas, Garay Alejandro ,   Universidad de Bonn, Departamento de Antropología de las Américas, Chinchilla Oswaldo ,   Yale University, Departament of Anthropology, Fahsen Federico ,   Investigador independiente, Guatemala
Published: September 2022

The discovery of Stela 87 in situ in a secondary context, as a reused element of sacralization in a possibly royal residence from the Early Classic, allows us to locate the time of the original function as a stela in the Late Preclassic. It is in the Late Preclassic that the image and the text with 4 glyphic signs allude to the ruler represented there. It is in the early part of the Late Preclassic that stelae at Tak’alik Ab’aj and other early cities represent their rulers, still without a long count date. This was implemented in the second part of the Late Preclassic, of which a good example is Stela 5 (126 ad). For this reason, the iconography and writing of Estela 87 adds another exponent and opportunity, particularly for the Pacific Coast region, to the study of the still small universe of early texts, and more precisely, of the first part of the Late Preclassic (100 BC-50 ad) (Schieber de Lavarreda, 2020a). It is this opportunity that motivated the present collaborative study.
Prácticas rituales mayas durante el periodo Preclásico en el Complejo Grazia, Yaxnohcah, Campeche
Authors:   University of Calgary, Canada, Vázquez López Verónica Amellali , Reese-Taylor Kathyrn ,   University of Calgary, Canada, Walker Debra S. ,   University of Florida - Florida Museum of Natural History, USA, Radford Mikaela ,   University of Calgary, Canada, Shaw Jessica ,   University of Exeter, College of Humanities, United Kingdom, Anaya Hernández Armando ,   Universidad Autónoma de Campeche
Published: September 2022

During the Middle (1000–400 BC) and Late (400 BC–AD 200) Preclassic periods, Yaxnohcah was an extensive settlement containing more than 15 civic-ceremonial complexes spread over 40 km2. Our research focuses on one of the principal peri-urban nodes known as the Grazia Complex, which consists of a monumental platform featuring a triadic group, a ballcourt, and other minor structures. Excavations revealed several construction phases, as well as the remains of repetitive ritual activities. A hearth associated with an altar and a cache deposit with a triadic layout was uncovered on the platform in front of the triadic group. This deposit and its location represent one of the earliest and clearest examples of the conceptual equivalence of household hearths and three stone places in the Maya lowlands. It provides explicit evidence for the replication of household ritual associated with cooking hearths to the public ritual analog, feeding the gods, a religious ideology intimately related to the emergence of kings. Below the Late Preclassic triadic hearth, we identified an earlier altar, and below that, a much earlier Middle Preclassic hearth that probably preceded construction of the triadic group. These ritual contexts evidence the antiquity of community ritual practices at Grazia that involve repetitive ritual burning associated with placemaking activities. Here, we focus on ritual practices as vehicles to construct social relations within the local community, and their implications for the urban landscape at Yaxnohcah.
La representación alfabética de las voces mayas yucatecas durante la Colonia
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Mexico, Arias Álvarez Beatriz
Published: September 2022

This paper analyzes the spellings used in two vocabularies and three colonial Mayan grammars. The objective is to see if the missionaries were able to distinguish the Mayan sounds and if their representation is systematic. In order to achieve our objective, we have analyzed the vowel subsystem and its difficulties, as well as the consonant subsystem. We have been able to notice that vowel representation is difficult due to features such as pitch, while consonants are easier to identify. However, we have not recorded systematicity in the representation of either vowels (since the simple vowel can represent any type) or consonants, the latter using different representations for the sounds: digraphs , geminates, simple spellings ; moreover, it is difficult to explain the use of the spelling  or <ç> for the Mayan alveolar fricative sound. Finally, we have been able to observe that in the representation we use spellings proper to the Latin alphabet and some used for the Spanish sounds  <ç> and  of the Sixteenth Century, in addition to the graphic innovation <Ↄ>, which may have its origin in the Hebrew alephate and is also found in Mateo Alemán’s Orthography (1609).
Violence and harassment in the world of work as a gender problem
Authors: Milovanova Marina , Vasilevskaya Valeria
Published: September 2022

The problem of violence and harassment in the sphere of social and labor relations is actualized as a gender problem, the representation of which is difficult due to insufficient case studies and latency. The article analyzes statistical data and conducted quantitative sociological surveys, the author's qualitative research "The activities of trade unions in promoting the principles of gender equality" by the method of in-depth interviews of representatives and leaders of Russian trade unions who are experts in the field of gender. The empirical base made it possible to identify the level of harassment severity in the workplace, to prioritize in comparison with other issues of economic discrimination based on gender, the readiness of society to discuss it openly and publicly. The range of reasons why people are discriminated against in the workplace, their conditionality by the level of material well-being, determinism by poverty, employment industry, and the difference in the interpretation of cultural and moral norms in generations is determined. As a mechanism that could be a step towards changing the attitude of the members of social partnership to violence and harassment in the world of work the respondents discussed the ILO Convention 190 “About Eliminating of Violence and Harassment in the World of Work” (2019), restrictions on its ratification due to the current political and international situation. It is concluded that the active role of Russian trade unions, their gender structures, which are associative members of international trade union organizations in educational, informational work, real assistance to victims, as well as participation in the development of legislative initiatives and recommendations in the enforcement of existing laws, remains. The need to search for internal tools to solve the problem of violence and harassment in the sphere of social and labor relations, redirection of the public agenda into a constructive way is predicted.
The problem of domestic violence against women in the Russian media space: the main repertoire of the Russian media
Authors: Kitaitseva Olga
Published: September 2022

The article examines the repertoire of Russian media covering the problem of domestic violence against women, as well as the crisis of the Russian family. It was revealed that in the repertoire of the Russian media there are mainly publications that are aimed at highlighting activities related to the adoption of a law on domestic violence. Among other important issues are the following topics: the identification and replication of individual cases of violence that caused a wide public outcry; promotion of research results and opinions of non-profit organization experts who dealing with the problem of domestic violence; articles about measures to bring Russian legislation in line with the requirements of an international convention. The author comes to the conclusion that the information space is filled with mostly negative publications that form an opinion about the serious problems of intra-family communication and the crisis of the Russian family on the example of facts related to the issue of domestic violence against women. At the same time, little attention is paid to highlighting the facts of positive intra-family communication and fulfilling the goals specified in the family development policy on the promotion and reproduction in the media of family interaction practices that are aimed at the formation and development of strong Russian families. According to the author, the Russian media space needs more active coverage of positive practices of interaction within the family in order to fix them in the minds of Russians. It will turn out to be a more effective mechanism for the formation of healthy family relationships than rooting the idea of the family as a problematic and crisis social unit.
Essential Oil Extraction from Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus (L.)) Using Solvent Free Microwave Extraction Method (SFME)
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Putri Ditta Kharisma Yolanda
Published: September 2022

Indonesia is one of the producing countries essential oils, essential oils are also a commodity that can generate foreign exchange for the country. Therefore, essential oils receive special attention from the Indonesian government. Indonesia generate 40-50 types of plants that produce essential oils and are traded in the world. Extraction using a microwave with the basic mechanism of microwave heating involves stirring polar molecules or ions that oscillate due to the influence of electric and magnetic fields called dipolar polarization. From the results of physical analysis, it can be seen that citronella essential oil obtained using the Solvent Free Microwave Extraction (SFME) method has met the standards and quality of citronella oil based on SNI 06-3953-1995, according to the parameters of color, specific gravity, and solubility in water. 80% ethanol shows citronella oil with good quality. The results of GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analysis on the extraction of citronella essential oil using the Solvent Free Microwave Extraction (SFME) method obtained 2 components, namely citronella and geraniol, with citronellal percentages of 8.64% and 7.53%. Optimal operating conditions for the extraction of essential oils from citronella raw materials using the Solvent Free Microwave Extraction (SFME) method.
A Tarna, Ceredi-Tarna és Parádi-Tarna halfaunisztikai áttekintése az 1979 és 2019 közötti időszakra szakirodalomban közölt észlelések és egy 2018. évi terepi felmérés adatai alapján
Authors: Maroda Ágnes , Sály Péter
Published: September 2022

A múlt század közepétől számos kutatás foglalkozott már a Tarna vízgyűjtőjének halaival, azonban napjainkig nem született olyan tanulmány, amely az eddig összegyűlt ismeretanyagot szintetizálná. A dolgozat célja, hogy közölt és saját felmérési adatok alapján áttekintést nyújtson a Tarna, a Ceredi-Tarna és a Parádi-Tarna halfaunájáról. A tanulmány elkészítéséhez 40 forrásmunka és egy 2018. évben végzett saját felmérés adatait használtuk fel. A fajok térbeli és időbeli észlelési gyakoriságai alapján megvizsgáltuk, hogy a három vízfolyás halfaunájában mely fajok tekinthetők szorosan, illetve lazán integrálódott fajnak, és melyek nem integrálódott, alkalmi fajoknak. Az eredmények szerint a három vízfolyásból eddig összesen 41 faj jelenléte igazolódott (Tarna: 39 faj, Ceredi-Tarna: 14 faj, Parádi-Tarna: 14 faj), amelyek közül 34 természetesen honos, hét idegenhonos, 12 védett, egy fokozottan védett, valamint kilenc az Európai Unió szempontjából közösségi jelentőségű (Natura 2000-es faj). A három vízfolyás tekintetében a terület legjellemzőbb halai: fejes domolykó, fenékjáró küllő, kövicsík, sujtásos küsz és a vágócsík. A tanulmány készítésekor több módszertani nehézséget is tapasztaltunk a forrásmunkák összegyűjtése és adataik feldolgozása folyamán, melyekről szintén beszámolunk a dolgozatban.
Association between ultrasound markers of adipose tissue and carotid stenosis
Authors:   Ovum Polyclinic, Tsygankov D.A. , Polikutina O.M. ,   Research Institute for Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases
Published: September 2022

The aim of the research. To evaluate the features of ultrasound markers of adipose tissue in individuals with coronary artery disease, to identify a relationship with the presence of carotid artery stenosis. Material and methods. Th e study included 125 coronary artery disease patients hospitalised in the emergency cardiology department (41.6% females, 58.4 % males). The mean age of the surveyed was 68 (61.0; 74.0) years. Results. According to the results of the study, it has been found that the risk of carotid artery stenosis is associated with increasing age and IAFT thickness (OR=1.02, 95 % CI: 1.0-1.04, p=0.035). Th e traditional obesity index (BMI) showed no statistically significant associations (OR=0.73, 95 % CI: 0.25-2.09, p=0.548). Apart from that, in individuals with normal body weight and carotid stenosis, IAFT values were higher compared to the group with normal body weight without stenosis (p=0.029). It has also been determined that the value of ultrasonic parameters of adipose tissue has age and gender diff erences. Thus, women have 1.5 times higher SATmin than men, while men have 1.4 times higher WFA as compared to women. With increasing age, a decrease in the thickness of the IAFT and PFT was observed. Conclusion. The data obtained dictate the need for further study of ultrasonic markers of adipose tissue in different gender, age and nosological groups in order to identify the most sensitive parameters.
Sobre fantasmas e suas histórias
Authors: Moreira Neto Palmireno
Published: September 2022

Resenhas:RESENDE, Nilton. Diabolô. 2 ed. Maceió: Trajes Lunares, 2020.RESENDE, Nilton. Fantasma. Maceió: Trajes Lunares, 2021.
Subjetividade e transcendência no último “O crepúsculo do entardecer”
Authors: Acquisto Joseph , Ricieri Francine Fernandes Weiss , Mendes Maria Lúcia Dias
Published: September 2022

Este artigo revela, por meio da análise detalhada da versão final do poema em prosa “Crépuscule du soir” de Charles Baudelaire, que a força do poema reside no fato de depender de um modelo de poesia que o reduz ao nível da mercadoria ao mesmo tempo que transcende esse mesmo modelo. “Le Crépuscule du soir” constrói uma poesia dissonante não para rejeitar inteiramente o empreendimento poético, mas para revelar nele um potencial que sempre esteve presente, mas oculto na poesia das gerações anteriores a Baudelaire.
Impacts of photoselective bunch zone shading on the volatile composition and sensory attributes for Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling
Authors: Grebneva Yevgeniya , Bilogrevic Eleanor , Rauhut Doris , Herderich Markus J. , Hixson Josh L.
Published: September 2022

Photoselective shading is a process that modulates the radiation intensity in specific regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. It is a common practice in horticulture to manipulate specific plant physiological responses, but to date has only received minimal attention in viticulture. The potent odorant 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN) is of particular relevance for aged Riesling wine, which are also known to be impacted by the magnitude of bunch zone light exposure during berry development. Hence, in this study, the effect of photoselective bunch zone shading on the formation of TDN in wine was investigated across two consecutive growing seasons. Applying red, black or green shade cloth (SC) to the bunch zone provided unique bunch zone light environments and yielded distinct differences in grape and wine composition compared with the unshaded control. Overall, bunch zone shading through shade cloth was effective in reducing overall photosynthetically active radiation compared to the control and the photoselectivity of the SC treatments differently affected a number of grape and wine measures. Fruit yield was somewhat but not significantly lower under black SC treatments, while juice pH was increased in grapes grown under green and black SC across both vintages compared to the control. Both grape sugar accumulation (P = 0.035) and ammonia nitrogen (P = 0.043) showed evidence of treatment effects, although with low F-statistics (4 and 3, respectively). Measures of hydrolytically released TDN in juice and free TDN concentrations in wine were lower in SC treatments. Unexpectedly, sensory descriptive analysis of the wines demonstrated that increased ‘kerosene-like’ aroma was not consistently associated with free TDN concentrations in wine. In summary, photoselective bunch shading was demonstrated to be an effective method for manipulating grape and wine outcomes and may aid in overcoming viticultural obstacles and quality impacts associated with climate change.