bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of the Infiltration of Fractured Rock in the Unsaturated Zone
Authors: Tran Luat Khoa , Matthai Stephan Konrad
Published: October 2021

We study infiltration of rainwater into fractured rock and the accompanying capillary exchange processes between fractures and matrix, hereafter referred to as fracture–matrix transfer (FMT). Its influence on the velocity of the wetting front for uniform and variable aperture fractures is of prime interest because it determines the penetration depth of infiltration pulses. FMT is modelled explicitly in a discrete fracture and matrix (DFM) framework realised using a hybrid finite element–finite volume discretisation with internal boundaries. The latter separate the fracture mesh from the rock matrix mesh with the benefit that the flow that occurs within the minute fracture subvolume can be tracked with great accuracy. A local interface solver deals with the transient nonlinear aspects of FMT, including spontaneous imbibition of the rock matrix. Two- and three-dimensional heuristic test cases are used to illustrate how FMT affects infiltration. For the investigated scenario, we find that—beyond a critical fracture aperture around 5–10-mm—infiltration rate is no longer affected by FMT. Fracture aperture variations promote in-fracture-plane fingering, with counter-current flow of water (downward) and air (upward). Fracture flow interacts with FMT in a complex fashion. For systems with a small fracture porosity (≤0.01%), our results suggest that intense, hour-long rainfall events can give rise to tens-of-meter-deep infiltration, depending on fracture/matrix properties and initial saturation of the fractured rock mass.
SPUCL (Scientific Publication Classifier): A Human-Readable Labelling System for Scientific Publications
Authors: Scarpato Noemi , Pieroni Alessandra , Montorsi Michela
Published: October 2021

To assess critically the scientific literature is a very challenging task; in general it requires analysing a lot of documents to define the state-of-the-art of a research field and classifying them. The documents classifier systems have tried to address this problem by different techniques such as probabilistic, machine learning and neural networks models. One of the most popular document classification approaches is the LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation), a probabilistic topic model. One of the main issues of the LDA approach is that the retrieved topics are a collection of terms with their probabilities and it does not have a human-readable form. This paper defines an approach to make LDA topics comprehensible for humans by the exploitation of the Word2Vec approach.
Graph-Based Conversational AI: Towards a Distributed and Collaborative Multi-Chatbot Approach for Museums
Authors: Varitimiadis Savvas , Kotis Konstantinos , Pittou Dimitra , Konstantakis Georgios
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, museums are developing chatbots to assist their visitors and to provide an enhanced visiting experience. Most of these chatbots do not provide a human-like conversation and fail to deliver the complete requested knowledge by the visitors. There are plenty of stand-alone museum chatbots, developed using a chatbot platform, that provide predefined dialog routes. However, as chatbot platforms are evolving and AI technologies mature, new architectural approaches arise. Museums are already designing chatbots that are trained using machine learning techniques or chatbots connected to knowledge graphs, delivering more intelligent chatbots. This paper is surveying a representative set of developed museum chatbots and platforms for implementing them. More importantly, this paper presents the result of a systematic evaluation approach for evaluating both chatbots and platforms. Furthermore, the paper is introducing a novel approach in developing intelligent chatbots for museums. This approach emphasizes graph-based, distributed, and collaborative multi-chatbot conversational AI systems for museums. The paper accentuates the use of knowledge graphs as the key technology for potentially providing unlimited knowledge to chatbot users, satisfying conversational AI’s need for rich machine-understandable content. In addition, the proposed architecture is designed to deliver an efficient deployment solution where knowledge can be distributed (distributed knowledge graphs) and shared among different chatbots that collaborate when is needed.
Virus-Induced Tumorigenesis and IFN System
Authors: Iuliano Marco , Mangino Giorgio , Chiantore Maria Vincenza , Di Bonito Paola , Rosa Paolo , Affabris Elisabetta , Romeo Giovanna
Published: October 2021

Oncogenic viruses favor the development of tumors in mammals by persistent infection and specific cellular pathways modifications by deregulating cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. They counteract the cellular antiviral defense through viral proteins as well as specific cellular effectors involved in virus-induced tumorigenesis. Type I interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines critical not only for viral interference but also for their broad range of properties that go beyond the antiviral action. In fact, they can inhibit cell proliferation and modulate differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. However, their principal role is to regulate the development and activity of most effector cells of the innate and adaptive immune responses. Various are the mechanisms by which IFNs exert their effects on immune cells. They can act directly, through IFN receptor triggering, or indirectly by the induction of chemokines, the secretion of further cytokines, or by the stimulation of cells useful for the activation of particular immune cells. All the properties of IFNs are crucial in the host defense against viruses and bacteria, as well as in the immune surveillance against tumors. IFNs may be affected by and, in turn, affect signaling pathways to mediate anti-proliferative and antiviral responses in virus-induced tumorigenic context. New data on cellular and viral microRNAs (miRNAs) machinery, as well as cellular communication and microenvironment modification via classical secretion mechanisms and extracellular vesicles-mediated delivery are reported. Recent research is reviewed on the tumorigenesis induced by specific viruses with RNA or DNA genome, belonging to different families (i.e., HPV, HTLV-1, MCPyV, JCPyV, Herpesviruses, HBV, HCV) and the IFN system involvement.
Immunoaffinity Capillary Electrophoresis in the Era of Proteoforms, Liquid Biopsy and Preventive Medicine: A Potential Impact in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Disease Progression
Authors: Guzman Norberto A. , Guzman Daniel E.
Published: October 2021

Over the years, multiple biomarkers have been used to aid in disease screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy. As of late, protein biomarkers are gaining strength in their role for early disease diagnosis and prognosis in part due to the advancements in identification and characterization of a distinct functional pool of proteins known as proteoforms. Proteoforms are defined as all of the different molecular forms of a protein derived from a single gene caused by genetic variations, alternative spliced RNA transcripts and post-translational modifications. Monitoring the structural changes of each proteoform of a particular protein is essential to elucidate the complex molecular mechanisms that guide the course of disease. Clinical proteomics therefore holds the potential to offer further insight into disease pathology, progression, and prevention. Nevertheless, more technologically advanced diagnostic methods are needed to improve the reliability and clinical applicability of proteomics in preventive medicine. In this manuscript, we review the use of immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis (IACE) as an emerging powerful diagnostic tool to isolate, separate, detect and characterize proteoform biomarkers obtained from liquid biopsy. IACE is an affinity capture-separation technology capable of isolating, concentrating and analyzing a wide range of biomarkers present in biological fluids. Isolation and concentration of target analytes is accomplished through binding to one or more biorecognition affinity ligands immobilized to a solid support, while separation and analysis are achieved by high-resolution capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to one or more detectors. IACE has the potential to generate rapid results with significant accuracy, leading to reliability and reproducibility in diagnosing and monitoring disease. Additionally, IACE has the capability of monitoring the efficacy of therapeutic agents by quantifying companion and complementary protein biomarkers. With advancements in telemedicine and artificial intelligence, the implementation of proteoform biomarker detection and analysis may significantly improve our capacity to identify medical conditions early and intervene in ways that improve health outcomes for individuals and populations.
An FPGA-Based Machine Learning Tool for In-Situ Food Quality Tracking Using Sensor Fusion
Authors: Enériz Daniel , Medrano Nicolas , Calvo Belen
Published: October 2021

The continuous development of more accurate and selective bio- and chemo-sensors has led to a growing use of sensor arrays in different fields, such as health monitoring, cell culture analysis, bio-signals processing, or food quality tracking. The analysis and information extraction from the amount of data provided by these sensor arrays is possible based on Machine Learning techniques applied to sensor fusion. However, most of these computing solutions are implemented on costly and bulky computers, limiting its use in in-situ scenarios outside complex laboratory facilities. This work presents the application of machine learning techniques in food quality assessment using a single Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip. The characteristics of low-cost, low power consumption as well as low-size allow the application of the proposed solution even in space constrained places, as in food manufacturing chains. As an example, the proposed system is tested on an e-nose developed for beef classification and microbial population prediction.
A Nonintrusive Load Monitoring Method for Office Buildings Based on Random Forest
Authors: Ling Zaixun , Tao Qian , Zheng Jingwen , Xiong Ping , Liu Manjia , Xiao Ziwei , Gang Wenjie
Published: October 2021

Load monitoring can help users learn end-use energy consumption so that specific energy-saving actions can be taken to reduce the energy consumption of buildings. Nonintrusive monitoring (NIM) is preferred because of its low cost and nondisturbance of occupied space. In this study, a NIM method based on random forest was proposed to determine the energy consumption of building subsystems from the building-level energy consumption: the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system; lighting system; plug-in system; and elevator system. Three feature selection methods were used and compared to achieve accurate NIM based on weather parameters, wavelet analysis, and principal component analysis. The implementation of the proposed method in an office building showed that it can obtain the subloads accurately, with root-mean-square errors of less than 46.4 kW and mean relative errors of less than 12.7%. The method based on weather parameters can provide the most accurate results. The proposed method can help improve the energy efficiency of building service systems during the operation or renovation stage.
Statistical Modeling and Performance Optimization of a Two-Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Naseer Muhammad Nihal , Zaidi Asad A. , Khan Hamdullah , Kumar Sagar , Owais Muhammad Taha bin , Abdul Wahab Yasmin , Dutta Kingshuk , Jaafar Juhana , Hamizi Nor Aliya , Islam Mohammad Aminul , Hussin Hanim , Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Alrobei Hussein
Published: October 2021

Microbial fuel cell, as a promising technology for simultaneous power production and waste treatment, has received a great deal of attention in recent years; however, generation of a relatively low power density is the main limitation towards its commercial application. This study contributes toward the optimization, in terms of maximization, of the power density of a microbial fuel cell by employing response surface methodology, coupled with central composite design. For this optimization study, the interactive effect of three independent parameters, namely (i) acetate concentration in the influent of anodic chamber; (ii) fuel feed flow rate in anodic chamber; and (iii) oxygen concentration in the influent of cathodic chamber, have been analyzed for a two-chamber microbial fuel cell, and the optimum conditions have been identified. The optimum value of power density was observed at an acetate concentration, a fuel feed flow rate, and an oxygen concentration value of 2.60 mol m−3, 0.0 m3, and 1.00 mol m−3, respectively. The results show the achievement of a power density of 3.425 W m−2, which is significant considering the available literature. Additionally, a statistical model has also been developed that correlates the three independent factors to the power density. For this model, R2, adjusted R2, and predicted R2 were 0.839, 0.807, and 0.703, respectively. The fact that there is only a 3.8% error in the actual and adjusted R2 demonstrates that the proposed model is statistically significant.
Case Report of COVID-19 after Full Vaccination: Viral Loads and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies
Authors: Komiazyk Magdalena , Walory Jaroslaw , Gawor Jan , Ksiazek Iza , Gromadka Robert , Baraniak Anna
Published: October 2021

The introduction of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is expected to prevent COVID-19. However, sporadic cases of infection in vaccinated persons have been reported. We describe a case of a double-dose vaccinated woman with COVID-19. All stages of infection were observed, from no identification of virus, then the start of the infection, a high viral load, coming out of viraemia, and finally no detection of the virus. Despite the high viral load, the woman demonstrated mild COVID-19 symptoms, manifested only by a sore throat. The antibody results showed that she produced both post-infectious and post-vaccination immune responses. Phylogenetic analysis of the obtained viral genome sequence indicated that the virus belonged to the UK SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 (GR 501Y.V1; 20I/S:501Y.V1; Alpha variant).
Assessment and Learning in Knowledge Spaces (ALEKS) Adaptive System Impact on Students’ Perception and Self-Regulated Learning Skills
Authors: Harati Hoda , Sujo-Montes Laura , Tu Chih-Hsiung , Armfield Shadow , Yen Cherng-Jyh
Published: October 2021

Adaptive learning is an educational method that uses computer algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) to customize learning materials and activities based on each user’s model. Adaptive learning has been used for more than 20 years. However, it is still unique, and no other system could bring more or even similar capabilities than the ones adaptive technology offers, including the application of AI, psychology, psychometrics, machine learning, and providing a personalized learning environment. However, there are not many studies on its practicality, usefulness, improving students’ learning skills, students’ perception, etc., due to the limited number of institutes investing in this new technology. This paper presents the results of administering the newly developed Adaptive Self-regulated Learning Questionnaire (ASRQ) in an adaptive learning course equipped with the ALEKS (Assessment and Learning in Knowledge Spaces) system to study the amount of Self-regulated Learning Skills (SRL) score change, if any, of the students. The ASRQ was administered at the beginning and end of the semester as a pretest and posttest. Then, the quantitative Sample Paired t Test was run to measure the students’ SRL score change between the beginning and end of the semester. The results showed a significant decline in students’ SRL skills score while working with ALEKS. This paper also discusses the reasons for the considerable drop in SRL skills based on students’ perception and feedback collected through administering an open-ended survey at the end of the semester. The survey’s qualitative analysis showed various possible factors contributing to the decline of the SRL skills score, including lack of motivation, system complexity, hard penalty, lack of social presence, and lack of system practicality.
Distributed Base Station: A Concept System for Long-Range Broadband Wireless Access
Authors: Gencel Muhammed Faruk , Eslami Rasekh Maryam , Madhow Upamanyu
Published: October 2021

We propose a concept system termed distributed base station (DBS) which enables distributed transmit beamforming at large carrier wavelengths to achieve significant range extension and/or increased downlink data rate, providing a low-cost infrastructure for applications such as rural broadband. We consider a frequency division duplexed (FDD) system using feedback from the receiver to achieve the required phase coherence. At a given range, N cooperating transmitters can achieve N2-fold increase in received power compared to that for a single transmitters, and feedback-based algorithms with near-ideal performance have been prototyped. In this paper, however, we identify and address key technical issues in translating such power gains into range extension via a DBS. First, to combat the drop in per-node SNR with extended range, we design a feedback-based adaptation strategy that is suitably robust to noise. Second, to utilize available system bandwidth, we extend narrowband adaptation algorithms to wideband channels through interpolation over OFDM subcarriers. Third, we observe that the feedback channel may become a bottleneck unless sophisticated distributed reception strategies are employed, but show that acceptable performance can still be obtained with standard uplink reception if channel time variations are slow enough. We quantify system performance compactly via outage capacity analyses.
On the VCO/Frequency Divider Interface in Cryogenic CMOS PLL for Quantum Computing Applications
Authors: Gira Gabriele , Ferraro Elena , Borgarino Mattia
Published: October 2021

The availability of quantum microprocessors is mandatory, to efficiently run those quantum algorithms promising a radical leap forward in computation capability. Silicon-based nanostructured qubits appear today as a very interesting approach, because of their higher information density, longer coherence times, fast operation gates, and compatibility with the actual CMOS technology. In particular, thanks to their phase noise properties, the actual CMOS RFIC Phase-Locked Loops (PLL) and Phase-Locked Oscillators (PLO) are interesting circuits to synthesize control signals for spintronic qubits. In a quantum microprocessor, these circuits should operate close to the qubits, that is, at cryogenic temperatures. The lack of commercial cryogenic Design Kits (DK) may make the interface between the Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) and the Frequency Divider (FD) a serious issue. Nevertheless, currently this issue has not been systematically addressed in the literature. The aim of the present paper is to investigate the VCO/FD interface when the temperature drops from room to cryogenic. To this purpose, physical models of electronics passive/active devices and equivalent circuits of VCO and the FD were developed at room and cryogenic temperatures. The modeling activity has led to design guidelines for the VCO/FD interface, useful in the absence of cryogenic DKs.
Integrating Evacuation and Storm Surge Modeling Considering Potential Hurricane Tracks: The Case of Hurricane Irma in Southeast Florida
Authors: Ghorbanzadeh Mahyar , Vijayan Linoj , Yang Jieya , Ozguven Eren Erman , Huang Wenrui , Ma Mengdi
Published: October 2021

Hurricane Irma, in 2017, made an unusual landfall in South Florida and the unpredictability of the hurricane’s path challenged the evacuation process seriously and left many evacuees clueless. It was likely to hit Southeast Florida but suddenly shifted its path to the west coast of the peninsula, where the evacuation process had to change immediately without any time for individual decision-making. As such, this study aimed to develop a methodology to integrate evacuation and storm surge modeling with a case study analysis of Irma hitting Southeast Florida. For this purpose, a coupled storm surge and wave finite element model (ADCIRC+SWAN) was used to determine the inundation zones and roadways with higher inundation risk in Broward, Miami-Dade, and Palm Beach counties in Southeast Florida. This was fed into the evacuation modeling to estimate the regional clearance times and shelter availability in the selected counties. Findings show that it takes approximately three days to safely evacuate the populations in the study area. Modeling such integrated simulations before the hurricane hit the state could provide the information people in hurricane-prone areas need to decide to evacuate or not before the mandatory evacuation order is given.
Impact of Infliximab Biosimilar CT-P13 Dose and Infusion Interval on Real-World Drug Survival and Effectiveness in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Lee Shin-Seok , Kim Tae-Hwan , Park Won , Song Yeong-Wook , Suh Chang-Hee , Kim Soo-Kyoung , Yoo Dae-Hyun
Published: October 2021

CT-P13 is an infliximab biosimilar approved for indications including ankylosing spondylitis (AS); the approved maintenance regimen is 5 mg/kg infused every 6–8 weeks. In clinical practice, modifications to infliximab dose and/or infusion interval can be beneficial to the patient. For CT-P13, real-world data on dose and/or interval adjustment are lacking. This analysis investigated the impact of such treatment pattern changes on effectiveness and drug survival up to five years for adult (≥18 years old) patients with AS in the Korean, real-world, retrospective rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis (RAAS) study. Overall, 337 patients with AS were identified: 219 who initiated infliximab treatment with CT-P13 (‘naïve’) and 118 who switched from reference infliximab to CT-P13 (‘switched’). Overall, 18/235 (7.7%), 110/224 (49.1%), and 101/186 (54.3%) evaluable patients had dose, infusion interval, or combined treatment pattern changes, respectively. More naïve (61.0%) versus switched (42.6%) patients had treatment pattern changes. Overall, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index scores decreased from baseline to week 54, then remained stable; improvements were greater for patients with than without treatment pattern changes. Drug survival did not differ significantly between patients with or without treatment pattern changes. Findings suggest that adjusting dose and/or infusion interval can improve clinical outcomes for CT-P13-treated patients with AS.
A Prospective Study of the Quality of Life of Patients with Stress Incontinence before and after a Transobturator Tape (TOT) Procedure—Preliminary Report
Authors: Zalewski Maciej , Kołodyńska Gabriela , Mucha Anna , Andrzejewski Waldemar
Published: October 2021

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a significant social problem. The latest figures show that it affects as many as 17–60% of the female population, and it is one of the most common chronic diseases. Incontinence substantially decreases the quality of patients’ lives. The transobturator tape (TOT) procedure is the gold standard in surgical treatment due to its high efficacy and low complication rate. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) of patients with stress incontinence before and after the TOT procedure. Method: The study included 57 patients diagnosed with stress incontinence on the basis of ultrasonography and history. The QoL before and after surgery was measured using the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) and the Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) standardised questionnaires. Results: The IIQ-7 scores for each question were higher (indicating poorer quality of life) before surgery than after surgery. The results for almost all domains were statistically significant. The I-QOL results also showed that, in most cases, the quality of patients’ lives improved after the surgery. Statistically significant changes were observed in all three questionnaire domains of avoidance/limiting behaviour, psychosocial impact, and social embarrassment. Conclusion: Surgical treatment of stress incontinence with TOT results in resolution of bothersome symptoms in the majority of patients, leading to improved comfort in life.
IL-17 Promotes Nitric Oxide Production in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nicola Stefania , Ridolfi Irene , Rolla Giovanni , Filosso Pierluigi , Giobbe Roberto , Boita Monica , Culla Beatrice , Bucca Caterina , Solidoro Paolo , Brussino Luisa
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Lung cancer is the second most frequent malignancy worldwide, but its aetiology is still unclear. Inflammatory cytokines and Th cells, including Th17, are now emerging as being involved in NSCLC pathways, thus postulating a role of IL-17 in tumour angiogenesis by stimulating the vascular endothelial growth factor and the release of nitric oxide. Despite the fact that many biomarkers are used for chest malignancy diagnosis, data on FeNO levels and inflammatory cytokines in NSCLC are still few. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between pulmonary nitric oxide production and VEGF and Th17-related cytokines in the EBC of patients affected by early-stage NSCLC. Methods: FeNO measurement and lung function tests were performed in both patients affected by NCSLC and controls; EBC samples were also taken, and Th1 (IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-g, TNF-a), Th17 (IL-17, IL-23) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) related cytokines were measured. Results: Th1 and Th17-related cytokines in EBC, except for IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, were significantly higher in patients than in healthy controls, whereas no differences were seen for Th2-related cytokines. FeNO at the flow rate of 50 mL/s, JawNO and CalvNO levels were significantly higher in patients affected by NSCLC compared to controls. Significant correlations were found between FeNO 50 mL/s and IL-17, IL-1 and VEGF. JawNO levels positively correlated with IL-6, IL-17 and VEGF. No correlations were found between FeNO and Th2-related cytokines. Conclusion: This is the first report assessing a relationship between FeNO levels and Th17-related cytokines in the EBC of patients affected by early-stage NSCLC. IL-17, which could promote angiogenesis through the VEGF pathway, might be indirectly responsible for the increased lung production of NO in patients with NSCLC.
Strategic Responses to Wicked Problems of Heritage Management: Experiences from the West Link Infrastructure Project in Gothenburg, Sweden
Authors: Fredholm Susanne , Dore Maitri , Brorström Sara
Published: October 2021

Heritage management in infrastructure planning is in this paper regarded as a ‘wicked problem’—A multidimensional and unpredictable activity infused with conflicting stakeholder perspectives. By focusing on the West Link and drawing on theoretical notions of strategy-as-practice, the aim is to identify the circumstances in which paradoxes and dilemmas of wicked problems emerge and examine the professional micro-level strategizing applied to navigate and overcome them. The railway construction was deemed to be a threat to the 17th century fortifications, historical parks and former agricultural properties, today located in the city center. The Swedish government appointed representatives from the Swedish Transport Administration and heritage professionals from national, regional and local levels of government to negotiate how best to deal with these challenges. By means of primary data from interviews and workshops with stakeholders, and document- and correspondence analysis, the results showed how three main challenges hampered a fruitful dialogue and outcome: the inherent complexity of the task, different approaches to heritage and lack of adequate coordination within and between the parties. Strategic responses included action plans, delegation of tasks in reference and working groups, the signing of agreements, reorganization and financing of additional personnel. We discuss the main factors underlining the wickedness of heritage management in infrastructure planning as both processual and collaborative, and the implications of this for practice regarding bringing about more operative and sustainable approaches.
Advanced Molecular Imaging (MRI/MRS/1H NMR) for Metabolic Information in Young Adults with Health Risk Obesity
Authors: Htun Khin Thandar , Pan Jie , Pasanta Duanghathai , Tungjai Montree , Udomtanakunchai Chatchanok , Petcharoen Thanaporn , Chamta Nattacha , Kosicharoen Supak , Chukua Kiattisak , Lai Christopher , Kothan Suchart
Published: October 2021

Background: Obesity or being overweight is a medical condition of abnormal body fat accumulation which is associated with a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome. The distinct body fat depots on specific parts of the anatomy have unique metabolic properties and different types of regional excessive fat distribution can be a disease hazard. The aim of this study was to identify the metabolome and molecular imaging phenotypes among a young adult population. Methods: The amount and distribution of fat and lipid metabolites profile in the abdomen, liver, and calf muscles of 46 normal weight, 17 overweight, and 13 obese participants were acquired using MRI and MR spectroscopy (MRS), respectively. The serum metabolic profile was obtained using proton NMR spectroscopy. NMR spectra were integrated into seven integration regions, which reflect relative metabolites. Results: A significant metabolic disorder symptom appeared in the overweight and obese group, and increased lipid deposition occurred in the abdomen, hepatocytes, and muscles that were statistically significant. Overall, the visceral fat depots had a marked influence on dyslipidemia biomarkers, blood triglyceride (r = 0.592, p < 0.001), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = −0.484, p < 0.001). Intrahepatocellular lipid was associated with diabetes predictors for hemoglobin (HbA1c%; r = 0.379, p < 0.001) and for fasting blood sugar (r = 0.333, p < 0.05). The lipid signals in serum triglyceride and glucose signals gave similar correspondence to biochemical lipid profiles. Conclusions: This study proves the association between alteration in metabolome in young adults, which is the key population for early prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome. This study suggests that dyslipidemia prevalence is influenced mainly by the visceral fat depot, and liver fat depot is a key determinant for glucose metabolism and hyperglycemia. Moreover, noninvasive advanced molecular imaging completely elucidated the impact of fat distribution on the anthropometric and laboratory parameters, especially indices of the metabolic syndrome biomarkers in young adults.
Operating Behavior of Sliding Planet Gear Bearings for Wind Turbine Gearbox Applications—Part II: Impact of Structure Deformation
Authors: Hagemann Thomas , Ding Huanhuan , Radtke Esther , Schwarze Hubert
Published: October 2021

The use of planetary gear stages intends to increase power density in drive trains of rotating machinery. Due to lightweight requirements on this type of machine elements, structures are comparably flexible while mechanical loads are high. This study investigates the impact of structure deformation on sliding planet gear bearings applied in the planetary stages of wind turbine gearboxes with helical gears. It focuses on three main objectives: (i) development of a procedure for the time-efficient thermo-elasto-hydrodynamic (TEHD) analysis of sliding planet gear bearing; (ii) understanding of the specific deformation characteristics of this application; (iii) investigation of the planet gear bearing’s modified operating behavior, caused by the deformation of the sliding surfaces. Generally, results indicate an improvement of predicted operating conditions by consideration of structure deformation in the bearing analysis for this application. Peak load in the bearing decreases because the loaded proportion of the sliding surface increases. Moreover, tendencies of single design measures, determined for rigid geometries, keep valid but exhibit significantly different magnitudes under consideration of structure deformation. Results show that consideration of structure flexibility is essential for sliding planet gear bearing analysis if quantitative assertions on load distributions, wear phenomena, and interaction of the bearing with other components are required.
Problematização da prática na Educação Infantil: relações entre o currículo vivido e a Educação Ambiental
Authors: Resende Flávia Grecco , Aguiar Denise Regina da Costa , Lima Leonice Domingos dos Santos Cintra , Castro Cristina Veloso de
Published: October 2021

A partir da concepção freireana de educação emancipatória, tendo como questão norteadora a análise da relação entre o currículo prescrito e o vivenciado no cotidiano da Educação Infantil (EI), buscou-se investigar os saberes e práticas em Educação Ambiental (EA) desenvolvidos EI com vistas ao desenvolvimento de boas práticas educativas. Como percurso metodológico optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa de cunho exploratório e documental; em fontes secundárias, realizada em escola pública municipal da cidade de São Paulo. Evidenciou-se possibilidades de formação integral da criança como um sujeito ecológico transformador de sua realidade. Como resultado da discussão, propõe-se a construção do jogo ecológico “Trilha dos Animais Silvestres”.
Evidenciação dos impactos ambientais relacionados aos resíduos sólidos: um estudo com empresas do ramo de medicamentos listadas na B3
Authors: Vieira Flávia Mônaco , Pires Vanessa
Published: October 2021

Considerando que as informações relacionadas aos impactos ambientais na gestão dos resíduos sólidos são voluntárias, este trabalho busca analisar se as oito empresas do ramo de medicamentos listadas na B3 estão cumprindo o seu papel socioambiental junto aos stakeholders. A análise de conteúdo foi empregada com o objetivo de identificar e analisar as informações investigadas nas demonstrações contábeis e demais relatórios divulgados pelas companhias no ano 2018. Os resultados demonstram que a maioria das empresas não evidenciam os impactos ambientais decorrentes dos resíduos sólidos. Além disso, as informações constantes na maioria dos documentos são insuficientes, quando não inexistentes, para avaliação desses impactos.
Relato de experiência de um curso online sobre fungos desenvolvido com professores sob a perspectiva de Educação Ambiental “fora da caixa”
Authors: Qualho Vanessa Aparecida , Iared Valéria Ghisloti
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o desenvolvimento e análise de um curso online sobre fungos para professores da Educação Básica de Palotina (PR) sob a perspectiva da Educação Ambiental “fora da caixa”, a qual descentraliza os elementos cognitivos durante a experiência. Para analisar os resultados, foi delimitado o corpus de análise: 1) questionário diagnóstico; 2) portfólio e 3) questionário avaliativo. Após a coleta de dados, foi realizada uma triangulação que apontou para a prevalência do método cartesiano e o desafio em se trabalhar com a perspectiva somaestética. Por fim, conclui-se sobre a importância de motivar outros estudos que preconizem pela multissensorialidade nas práticas em Educação Ambiental.
Educação Ambiental na educação escolar e a Responsabilidade Social: desafios e possibilidades nas questões ambientais
Authors: Flach Kauane Andressa , Rosa Genesio Mario da , Silva Fabiana Regina da
Published: October 2021

O presente texto tem por objetivo inter-relacionar os temas Responsabilidade Social e Educação Ambiental na educação escolar, através de uma discussão das relações envoltas entre sociedade e o meio ambiente, fundamentada em pesquisa bibliográfica e legislação, de abordagem qualitativa. Como resultados, infere-se que os conceitos que envolvem a Educação Ambiental são aplicáveis quando compreendidos na complexidade, contextualizados e desmistificados do ponto de vista ambiental, social e econômico, e são necessários para a efetiva compreensão e aplicação da Responsabilidade Social. Ainda que a orientação legal imponha limites e responsabilidades ao uso dos recursos naturais, esse deve ser também consciente e estar intimamente ligado ao ensino-aprendizagem escolar.
Integração de conteúdos de Educação Ambiental na formação de professores
Authors: Bento Juliana , Gonzalez Aline Costa , Nicoski Renata Milioli , Carniatto Irene
Published: October 2021

O projeto de “Educação Ambiental para Cidades Sustentáveis, Seguras e Resilientes” visando contribuir com os municípios de baixo IDH para implantar ações relacionadas aos Objetivos dos Desenvolvimento Sustentáveis (ODS) propôs em auxiliar nas atividades, prestando assessoria no setor da educação. O objetivo do trabalho foi proporcionar estratégias para sensibilização ambiental com temáticas usuais das ODS nos municípios, por meio da capacitação de profissionais da educação. As capacitações foram teóricas e práticas, com realização de oficinas e relatos de contos de história, tendo como tema: Ensino por Investigação, Escolas Sustentáveis e a Importância do Lúdico. O público-alvo foram os professores e servidores das escolas municipais e estaduais. Foram realizadas um total de 16 oficinas de formações, alcançando 105 educadores. Os resultados demonstraram que os professores e as lideranças foram bem receptivos às oficinas realizadas e se comprometeram a buscar uma nova abordagem no ensino dos temas ambientais.
Малогабаритная тепловизионная камера с микросканированием на базе отечественного матричного КРТ фотоприемника
Authors: Кремис И. И. , Гладков Р. А. , Турбин А. С.
Published: October 2021

В Филиале ИФП СО РАН «КТИПМ» разработана и изготовлена тепловизионная камера (ТПК) на
базе отечественного матричного КРТ фотоприемника дальнего ИК-диапазона, с микросканированием.
Корпус ТПК выполнен в габаритах французской камеры «Catrine-FC», передняя часть объектива
выступает за корпус прибора на 75 мм.
Камера позволяет получать качественное изображение высокого разрешения с использованием
малоформатной матрицы. Коррекция неоднородности сигнала фотоприемника осуществляется в
автоматическом режиме, с использованием встроенных в тракт оптической системы механизмов в
комплексе с алгоритмами калибровки по сигналам сцены.
Высокоэффективные квазиоптические частотные фильтры ТГц диапазона на основе
частотно-избирательных поверхностей
Authors: Кузнецов С. А. , Гельфанд А. В. , Лазорский П. А.
Published: October 2021

В настоящей работе освещаются теоретические, технологические и прикладные аспекты
выполненных в Новосибирском научном центре разработок высокоэффективных ЧИП структур для
фильтрации излучения в области частот 0.07–3 ТГц. Рассмотрены фильтры различных типов:
полосовые пропускающие (band-pass), полосовые режекторные (band-stop), фильтры высоких частот
(high-pass), фильтры низких частот (low-pass), фильтры Фабри-Перо. Для указанных фильтров: а)
представлены результаты анализа электродинамических особенностей ЧИП, которые следует
учитывать для получения структур с наиболее эффективными фильтрующими свойствами; б)
рассмотрены особенности производства с применением технологий фотолитографии,
гальванопластики, глубокой рентгеновской литографии, микроструктурирования посредством
фемтосекундных лазерных импульсов; в) рассмотрены особенности спектрального тестирования
техникой ЛОВ-, Time-Domain и Фурье-спектроскопии; г) приведены примеры использования в ТГц
метрологических системах. Показано, что разработанные устройства являются лучшими на рынке
российских ТГц технологий
Эллипсометрия субмиллиметрового диапазона в задачах диагностики композиционных
материалов
Authors: Федоринин В. Н. , Кузнецов С. А. , Гельфанд А. В.
Published: October 2021

В настоящей работе рассматривается техника эллипсометрии с использованием субмиллиметровых
волн для диагностики оптически непрозрачных композиционных материалов. Объемная структура
композиционного материала рассматривается как гетерогенная среда, которая характеризуется
комплексной диэлектрической функцией. В рамках однослойной физической модели рассматривается
возможность регистрации расслоения в многослойной пленочной структуре композиционного
материала, изготовленного на основе препрег Torayca T800.
Влияние ориентации поверхности на характеристики высокотемпературных отжигов
подложек арсенида галлия
Authors: Шварц Н. Л. , Спирина А. А.
Published: October 2021

В работе представлены результаты Монте-Карло моделирования ленгмюровского
испарения подложек арсенида галлия. Анализировалось влияние ориентации поверхности
подложек на характеристики неравновесных высокотемпературных отжигов.
Рассматривались сингулярные и вицинальные поверхности GaAs(111)A и GaAs(111)В с
разными углами разориентации. Моделирование осуществлялось в температурном диапазоне
700 – 1000 K, включающем температуры конгруэнтного испарения Тс подложек с разным
углом отклонения.
Арсенид-галлиевые структуры с углеродным покрытием: многофункциональное
применение для приборов оптоэлектроники и бета-вольтаики
Authors: Лесников В.П. , Ведь М.В. , Вихрова О.В.
Published: October 2021

Использование углеродных (С) слоев (однослойного и многослойного графена) для разработки
комбинированных с полупроводниками A3B
5 приборов наноэлектроники затруднено из-за отсутствия
подходящих методов формирования С-слоев непосредственно на поверхности полупроводниковых
структур с сохранением их свойств.
В данной работе показана возможность получения углеродных нанослоев непосредственно на
поверхности GaAs структур методом импульсного лазерного распыления пирографита в вакууме. Для
нанесения С-слоев использован лазер YAG:Nd (длина волны 532 нм). Подложка при выращивании
поддерживалась при 500°С, а толщина С-слоя определялась временем испарения и составляла от 4 до
20 нм. По результатам исследований комбинационного рассеяния света и рентгеновской
фотоэлектронной спектроскопии полученные углеродные слои представляют собой сплошную пленку
нанокристаллического графита, состоящую из зерен многослойного графена.
Оптические и структурные свойства двумерных слоёв кремния, встроенных в
диэлектрическую матрицу фторида кальция
Authors: Зиновьев В.А. , Кацюба А.В. , Володин В.А.
Published: October 2021

В настоящее время во всем мире наблюдается повышенный интерес к двумерным материалам на
основе кремния и германия [1]. Ожидается, что эти материалы будут иметь электронную структуру с
прямой запрещенной зоной, что должно приводить к эффективной люминесценции. Настоящая работа
направлена на поиск оптимальных условий для формирования двумерных слоёв Si, встроенных в
диэлектрическую матрицу CaF2, а так же на исследование их структурных и оптических свойств. Нами
был проведён рост эпитаксиальных структур, содержащих тонкие слои Si, встроенные в
диэлектрическую матрицу CaF2. Рост проводился методом молекулярно-лучевой эпитаксии на
подложках Si(111). Исследования морфологии поверхности выращенных структур позволили
определить условия роста, благоприятные для формирования двумерных слоёв Si. Методом
спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния света (КРС) были проведены исследования колебательных
спектров созданных структур. В спектрах КРС от структур с одним бислоем Si, встроенным в CaF2,
обнаружен узкий пик при 418 см-1
, который обусловлен колебаниями Si-Si связей в плоскости
двумерного слоя Si, интеркалированного в CaF2.
ĐÁNH GIÁ THỰC TRẠNG NHẬN THỨC CỦA SINH VIÊN SƯ PHẠM NGÀNH GIÁO DỤC TIỂU HỌC TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC THỦ ĐÔ HÀ NỘI VỀ GIÁO DỤC STEM
Authors: Giang Kiều Thị Thu
Published: October 2021

Nghiên cứu này đánh giá thực trạng nhận thức của sinh viên sư phạm ngành giáo dục tiểu học trường đại học Thủ Đô Hà Nội về giáo dục STEM để thấy được mức độ và các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến việc nhận thức của sinh viên. Nhóm nghiên cứu tiến hành điều tra xã hội học bằng bảng hỏi đối với 46 sinh viên chính quy hệ đại học 2017 ngành giáo dục tiểu học. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy phần lớn sinh viên nhận thức được tầm quan trọng của việc xây dựng hoạt động STEM trong dạy học; 15,2% sinh viên đã hoặc đang tham gia thiết kế hoạt động STEM; 13% sinh viên nhận thức đầy đủ về mục tiêu của giáo dục STEM. Tỷ lệ sinh viên nhận thức đúng về định nghĩa và xác định đúng về các ví dụ của các yếu tố S, T, E, M là thấp và không đồng đều. Nhận thức của sinh viên là kết quả của sự tự rèn luyện và học tập, sự phối hợp giáo dục giữa nhà trường và các tác động từ các phương tiện truyền thông. Kết quả nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy, sinh viên cần được tiếp cận tri thức về STEM một cách khoa học, hệ thống và được tham gia vào chương trình hoạt động trải nghiệm thực tế để nâng cao nhận thức về giáo dục STEM và nâng cao kỹ năng xây dựng hoạt động STEM.
King Kong – The Adaptation of the Lost World
Authors: Mező Lilla Dóra
Published: October 2021

The first King Kong (1933) movie and its predecessor The Lost World (1925) both earned a well-deserved place in the history of cinema as they were pioneers in different aspects of filmmaking and they also paved the way for monster movies. In the following, we will compare the two movies to find out whether the story of the great Kong is an original one or it’s just a developed copy of its ancestor.
Parallel region growing of half-tone images based on selected average brightness of the area along the growth route
Authors: Tsviatkou V. Yu.
Published: October 2021

The problem of parallel segmentation of halftone images by brightness for implementation on the basis of programmable logic integrated circuits is considered. Segmentation divides an image into regions formed from pixels with approximately the same brightness, and is a computationally complex operation due to multiple checks of the value of each pixel for the possibility of joining an adjacent region. To speed up segmentation, parallel algorithms for growing areas have been developed, in which processing begins from the neighborhoods of preselected initial growth pixels. The condition of joining an adjacent pixel to an area takes into account the average brightness of the area to limit the variance of its pixel values. Therefore, when each new pixel is added to the area, its average brightness is recalculated. This leads to high time complexity. In some parallel algorithms, the sample mean is calculated in a small window, which makes it possible to slightly reduce the time complexity when matching the window size with the segment sizes. To significantly reduce the temporal complexity, the article proposes a model for the parallel growth of image regions based on a simplified condition for joining adjacent pixels to a region, taking into account the sample average value of the region's brightness along the growth route connecting the boundary pixel of the region and the initial growth pixel through a sequence of pixels used to attach the considered boundary pixel to area. A significant decrease in the temporal complexity of the proposed model of parallel growing of image regions in comparison with the known models is achieved due to a slight increase in the spatial complexity.