bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Depression in systemic lupus erythematosus: gender differences in the performance of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
Authors: Macêdo E A , Appenzeller S , Costallat L T L
Published: June 2017

The prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) varies widely between different cohorts (17–75%), primarily due to factors such as the heterogeneity of the samples and the instruments used to detect depressive symptoms. Most of these instruments are self-administered questionnaires that have different characteristics and approaches to depressive symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate gender differences in the performance of three questionnaires used to assess depressive symptoms in patients with SLE: the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). This study included 54 male and 54 female SLE patients. Depressive symptoms were assessed using BDI (cutoffs 13 and 15), CES-D and HADS. The gold standard method used was the diagnostic criteria of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Regarding the performance of the BDI questionnaire, no significant differences in sensitivity or specificity were found between the genders. The specificity of the CES-D questionnaire was significantly greater for the male group (83% vs. 62.5%, p = 0.0309), and its sensitivity was non-significantly higher for the female group (92.9% for women and 71.4% for men; p = 0.2474). Regarding the performance of the HADS, we found similar sensitivities between the genders (71.4%) but a higher specificity among the men (95.7% in men and 82.5% in women, p = 0.0741). In conclusion, our results suggest the presence of gender differences in the performance of the questionnaires in SLE patients. The BDI had the most similar performances between the male and female groups. In contrast, the CES-D and HADS-D showed considerable variation in performances between men and women with SLE.
An inside look at the process of diversity in a South African accounting department in recent decades
Authors: Botes Vida
Published: June 2017

At the end of apartheid in South Africa, universities had to diversify their student population. This autoethnography tells the story of one tertiary institution where the diversification process happened in a fair and transparent manner. Can lessons be learned from the way the institution (staff and students) implemented diversity? The purpose of this article is to contribute to accounting history, using a woman’s voice to recount and analyse challenges that the head of the accounting department faced in diversifying. Reflecting on the experiences helps to progress past the experience and provide an understanding of social capital harvested to enable diversification. The diversification process within the South African context is unique and contrasts to other diversity studies, as it focuses on the marginalisation and/or exclusion faced by a majority group when taken into a dominant minority group setting. This study has implications for those facing increased diversity in education due to globalisation.
Unstable Ground: Unearthing the Realities of Experiential Education in Teacher Education
Authors: Glazier Jocelyn , Bolick Cheryl , Stutts Christoph
Published: June 2017

Experiential education (EE) leads to positive outcomes for K-12 students; however, such practice remains on the periphery of schools. One key to centering EE in classrooms is to do so in teacher education. This study explores what it means to delve into EE as teacher educators alongside our students in field sites far removed from traditional university classrooms. For this self-study, we analyzed instructor journal reflections, research-assistant field notes, and a collective interview transcript. From these, we developed narrative cases of our individual experiences at field sites. Cross-case analysis revealed themes rarely associated with the work of teacher education professors. Like our students, we were confronted in the field with what Christian Itin refers to as physical, social, moral, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual challenges. The shifting realities of our roles as teacher educators revealed what it means to do EE alongside our students. The experience and accompanying reflection prompted us to consider how centering experience in teacher education shifts the oft-directive and didactic nature of our work. To shift their pedagogy, teacher educators must have new images of possibility. Here, we make transparent our journey as teacher education travelers on the path of experiential education.
Management of Nonunited Talar Fractures With Avascular Necrosis by Resection of Necrotic Bone, Bone Grafting, and Fusion With an Intramedullary Nail
Authors: Abd-Ella Mohamed Mokhtar , Galhoum Ahmed , Abdelrahman Amr Farouk , Walther Markus
Published: June 2017

Background:

The presence of nonunion of a talar fracture with displacement, together with complete avascular necrosis, is a challenging entity to treat.

Methods:

Twelve patients, 8 men (66.7%) and 4 women (33.3%), with nonunited talar fractures and extensive avascular necrosis of the talus were included. The average age was 27.7 years (range, 19-38 years). After exclusion of infection, the patients underwent resection of necrotic bone, bulk autograft, and fusion using an intramedullary nail. The posterior approach was used in 11 patients and the anterior approach in 1 patient. The primary outcome was solid osseous union at the ankle and subtalar level and between the talar head anteriorly and the posterior construct, as evidenced by computed tomographic examination. Functional assessment was performed with the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society score and subjective patient satisfaction

Results:

After a mean follow-up duration of 23 months (range, 12-60 months), solid osseous union was achieved in 8 patients (66.7%). Stable fibrous union was seen in 1 patient (8.3%). Three patients (25%) required reoperation, and osseous fusion was finally achieved. American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society score improved from a mean of 39.3 (range, 12-56) preoperatively to 76.6 (range, 62-86) at last follow-up. Subjective patient satisfaction was graded good or excellent in all cases.

Conclusion:

Resection of necrotic talar body and bulk autograft with tibiotalocalcaneal fusion by an intramedullary nail through a posterior approach was a reasonable option for the management of type IV posttraumatic talar deformity.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, case series.
Rape Crimes: Are Victims’ Acute Psychological Distress and Perceived Social Support Associated With Police Case Decision and Victim Willingness to Participate in the Investigation?
Authors: Hansen Nina B. , Hansen Maj , Nielsen Louise H. , Bramsen Rikke H. , Elklit Ask , Campbell Rebecca
Published: June 2017

This study examined level of acute psychological distress and perceived social support in 64 victims of rape and the association with police case decisions and victims’ willingness to participate in the investigation. The results of independent-sample t tests revealed that victims’ unwillingness to participate in the investigation was significantly associated with a higher level of psychological distress in the acute phase following the assault. The results suggest that victims of rape who disengage with the police investigation may do so because of a high level of acute psychological distress. Clinical implications are discussed.
Impact of information and communication technology on interprofessional collaboration for chronic disease management: a systematic review
Authors: Barr Neil , Vania Diana , Randall Glen , Mulvale Gillian
Published: June 2017

Objectives

Information and communication technology is often lauded as the key to enhancing communication among health care providers. However, its impact on interprofessional collaboration is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which it improves communication and, subsequently, enhances interprofessional collaboration in chronic disease management.

Methods

A systematic review of academic literature using two electronic platforms: HealthSTAR and Web of Science (core collection and MEDLINE). To be eligible for inclusion in the review, articles needed to be peer-reviewed; accessible in English and focused on how technology supports, or might support, collaboration (through enhanced communication) in chronic disease management. Studies were assessed for quality and a narrative synthesis conducted.

Results

The searches identified 289 articles of which six were included in the final analysis (three used qualitative methods, two were descriptive and one used mixed methods). Various forms of information and communication technology were described including electronic health records, online communities/learning resources and telehealth/telecare. Three themes emerged from the studies that may provide insights into how communication that facilitates collaboration in chronic disease management might be enhanced: professional conflict, collective engagement and continuous learning.

Conclusions

The success of technology in enhancing collaboration for chronic disease management depends upon supporting the social relationships and organization in which the technology will be placed. Decision-makers should take into account and work toward balancing the impact of technology together with the professional and cultural characteristics of health care teams.
Back to the roots! Methodological situationalism and the postmodern lesson for studying tribes, practices, and assemblages
Authors: Woermann Niklas
Published: June 2017

This article argues that one can revive the critical edge that postmodernist theory has brought to marketing, thinking without subscribing to any particular school of (critical) theory by following the principle of methodological situationalism. The roots of postmodernist critique lie in careful empirical observation of how social reality is being constructed in local contexts. Because knowledge, subjects, power, and value are social accomplishments, they are neither fixed nor without alternative. Many key developments in marketing theory such as assemblage theory, practice and consumer tribes formulate alternative accounts of how precisely constructing social facts occur. When further advancing these and other critical approaches, it must always be taken into account that society and culture manifest in concrete, local situations. Data sets or theories that do not take the local production of social order into account, hence fail to provide sensible insight. I propose the principle of methodological situationalism as a litmus test to the analytical strength of a theory or piece of research. The principle states that theoretically adequate accounts of social phenomena must be grounded in empirical observations of manifest meaning or social order in concrete situations. This does not mean that macro-processes or structures should be ignored, but that their roots and effects in local lived life have to be scrutinized. Critical theorizing does not need to resort to utopian or ideological arguments about the grand scheme of things. Careful empirical work zooming in on social life in concrete situations will provide plenty of novel insight and critical edge.
What is the Impact of Volunteers Providing Care and Support for People with Dementia in Acute Hospitals? A Systematic Review
Authors: Hall Claire L , Brooke Joanne , Pendlebury Sarah T , Jackson Debra
Published: June 2017

A quarter of acute hospital beds are occupied by people with dementia, and a hospital stay may impact negatively on their health and wellbeing. The development and implementation of volunteers to provide social, activity-based, one-to-one support for people with dementia in acute hospitals has become routine practice. However, the evidence to support this practice has not been identified or evaluated. This systematic review considers the effect of volunteers on the care and experience of people with co-morbid cognitive impairment/dementia in acute hospitals. The systematic search identified 444 papers, although only three papers included specific analysis relating to the impact of volunteers. The evidence suggests volunteers may have potential to enhance the experiences of people with dementia in acute hospitals; however, there is currently a marked lack of evidence to support the widespread implementation of volunteers. There is therefore an urgent need for multi-site robust research to provide evidence of the impact of volunteers supporting people with cognitive impairment/dementia during an acute hospital stay.
Light dominates colour preference when correlated colour temperature differs
Authors: Huang Z , Liu Q , Westland S , Pointer MR , Luo M Ronnier , Xiao K
Published: June 2017

Colour preference for lighting is generally influenced by three kinds of contextual factors, the light, the object and the observer. In this study, a series of psychophysical experiments were conducted to investigate and compare the effect of certain factors on colour preference, including spectral power distribution of light, lighting application, observers’ personal colour preference, regional cultural difference and gender difference. LED lights with different correlated colour temperatures were used to illuminate a wide selection of objects. Participant response was quantified by a 7-point rating method or a 5-level ranking method. It was found that the preferred illumination for different objects exhibited a similar trend and that the influence of light was significantly stronger than that of other factors. Therefore, we conclude that the light itself (rather than, e.g. the objects that are viewed) is the most crucial factor for predicting which light, among several candidates with different correlated colour temperatures, an observer will prefer. In addition, some of the gamut-based colour quality metrics correlated well with the participants’ response, which corroborates the view that colour preference is strongly influenced by colour saturation. The familiarity of the object affects the ratings for each experiment while the colour of the objects also influences colour preference.
Public Attitudes and Support for a Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax in America’s Heartland
Authors: Curry Laurel E. , Rogers Todd , Williams Pam , Homsi Ghada , Willett Jeff , Schmitt Carol L.
Published: June 2017

Background. Policy and environmental strategies are part of a comprehensive approach to obesity prevention. We investigated the association between public attitudes about how the environment influences health and support for a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax in Kansas. Method. We collected data via a 2014 representative dual-frame (cellular and landline) telephone survey of 2,203 adult Kansans regarding healthy eating policy support and beliefs about obesity causes and solutions. Results. A significant proportion of Kansas adults (40%) support an SSB tax. Support was significantly stronger among females, young people, and liberals. Causal and responsibility attributions of obesity were significantly associated with policy support. Individuals who attribute more responsibility for the solution to the obesity epidemic to environmental factors were more likely to support a tax, regardless of their political affiliation. Conclusions. Messaging that focuses on the role of the environment in creating opportunities for health may be useful in framing discussions around SSB taxes.
Skilled Reach Performance Correlates With Corpus Callosum Structural Integrity in Individuals With Mild Motor Impairment After Stroke: A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Stewart Jill Campbell , O’Donnell Michael , Handlery Kaci , Winstein Carolee J.
Published: June 2017

Background. Recovery of arm function after stroke is often incomplete. An improved understanding of brain structure–motor behavior relationships is needed for the development of novel and targeted rehabilitation interventions. Objective. To examine the relationship between skilled reach performance and the integrity of two putative white matter motor pathways, corticospinal tract and corpus callosum, after stroke. Methods. Eleven individuals with chronic stroke (poststroke duration, mean 62.5 ± 42.4 months) and mild motor impairment (upper extremity Fugl-Meyer score, mean 54.2 ± 7.6) reached to six targets presented at three distances and two directions. Fractional anisotropy (FA) obtained from diffusion tensor imaging was used to determine the structural integrity of the corticospinal tract and the corpus callosum. Results. Overall reach performance was decreased in the paretic arm compared with the nonparetic arm. While FA was decreased in the ipsilesional corticospinal tract, FA in the corticospinal tract did not correlate with variability in reach performance between individuals. Instead, FA in the premotor section of the corpus callosum correlated with reach performance; individuals with higher FA in premotor corpus callosum tended to reach faster with both the paretic and nonparetic arms. Conclusions. The structural connections between the two premotor and supplemental cortices that traverse the premotor corpus callosum may play an important role in supporting motor control and could become a target for interventions aimed at improved arm function in this population.
Hydration Status: Influence of Exercise and Diet Quality
Authors: San Mauro Martín Ismael , Garicano Vilar Elena , Romo Orozco Denisse Aracely , Mendive Dubourdieu Paula , Paredes Barato Victor , Rincón Barrado Mario , Valente Ana , Bentancor Fabiana , Morales Hurtado Alexis Daniel , Garagarza Cristina
Published: June 2017

Physical activity, adherence to a healthy diet, and healthy beverage pattern are considered essential components of a healthy lifestyle. We aimed to evaluate the associations between physical exercise, diet quality, and total fluid intake, along with fluid recommendations compliance in a sample of adults. Data on fluid intake from different types of beverages were collected in a cross-sectional study, in 1161 men and women between 18 and 65 years of age, using a fluid-specific diary. Exercise was evaluated with a self-reported questionnaire, and quality of diet was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI). Mean volume of water consumed was 1497.5 mL for men, 1309.5 mL for women. A total of 37.4% did not follow the recommendations of the European Food Safety Agency for total water intake. There was a statistically significant difference ( P = .002) between total water intake and follow-up of recommendations, as well as for sex ( P < .001). Mean HEI-2010 score was 65.21. There were no statistically significant differences ( P = .301) in HEI index among better or worse hydration. Sport variables had influence on milliliters of water consumed ( P < .001). Participants who engaged in more physical exercise exhibit a healthier pattern of fluid intake. Healthy individuals with the highest scores for HEI-2010 did not present the healthiest beverage patterns.
Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome with remarkably elevated serum IgG4
Authors: Li Chen , Cao Yihan , Xu Wenrui , Zhang Wen
Published: June 2017

Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a rare inflammatory disorder with unknown etiology, while the evidence of the association between IgG4 and inflammatory disorders is accumulating. We present the first report of a patient with SAPHO syndrome with remarkably elevated serum IgG4. The clinical features of this 45-year-old male patient included pain of the anterior chest wall and right elbow, bone marrow edema in the ulna suggested by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the “bull’s head” sign on the bone scintigraphy, and remarkably increased IgG4 and interleukin-6. This report may indicate a spectrum of diseases with serum IgG4 elevation broader than previously reported. Moreover, it also provides information on the underlying abnormal immune response in SAPHO syndrome.
Early active motion after rigid internal fixation of unstable extra-articular fractures of the proximal phalanx
Authors: Ataker Y. , Uludag S. , Ece S. C. , Gudemez E.
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this study is to describe active early rehabilitation in proximal phalanx fractures treated with rigid internal fixation. A total of 22 consecutive patients presenting with spiral, oblique or comminuted extra-articular fractures of the proximal phalanx were included in the study. All fractures were rigidly stabilized with plate and screws or screws alone and subsequently entered an active early rehabilitation programme. The mean follow-up period was 15.4 months (SD 10.1). Mean visual analogue scale pain score was 0.3 (SD 0.5) and Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score was 9.2 (SD 4.1). Mean total active motion was 241.9° (SD 18.3). According to the digital functional assessment, 86.3% of the patients had excellent results. Extension lags of the proximal interphalangeal joint were observed in seven fingers (mean lag, 3.4° (SD 5.5)). The results of this study demonstrated high patient satisfaction and good outcomes after the surgical technique and postoperative rehabilitation protocol described in open reduction and rigid internal fixation of proximal phalangeal fractures.

Level of evidence: IV.
Simulation analysis of a collision-tolerant micro-airship fleet
Authors: Troub Brandon , DePineuil Brandi , Montalvo Carlos
Published: June 2017

This paper analyzes the performance of a micro-airship fleet (0.5 m diameter) to navigate indoors with waypoint control while tolerating collision between airships and the environment. Very little focus has been placed on studying airships in groups or how well they can rebound back into formation after a collision. With a micro-airship fleet, it is possible to remove the major problem of collision avoidance in multi-unmanned aerial vehicle missions, which can result in damage or even mission failure when other types of aircraft are used. These vehicles could be a viable option for missions where speed and precise control are not an important design constraint, such as indoor reconnaissance or long-term surveillance. A three degree of freedom simulation is created in which five airships are commanded to waypoints throughout a hall way. The control logic used involves independent proportional–derivative control without any communication between airships. Collisions occur during missions; thus, a contact model is included in the simulation to model these effects. Airship parameters were estimated using an actual airship to assure the simulation is accurate. The results show that the airships are able to navigate to their destinations even after several collisions.
The incidence and causative organisms of infection in elective shoulder surgery
Authors: Mayne Alistair I. W. , Bidwai Amit. S. , Clifford Rachael , Smith Matthew G. , Guisasola Inigo , Brownson Peter
Published: June 2017

Background

Deep infection remains a serious complication of orthopaedic surgery. Knowledge of infection rates and causative organisms is important to guide infection control measures. The aim of the present study was to determine infection rates and causative organisms in elective shoulder surgery.

Methods

Cases complicated by infection were identified and prospectively recorded over a 2-year period. All patients undergoing elective shoulder surgery in the concurrent period at a single Specialist Upper Limb Unit in the UK were identified from the hospital electronic database.

Results

In total, 1574 elective shoulder cases were performed: 1359 arthroscopic (540 with implant insertion) and 215 open (197 with implant insertion). The overall infection rate in open surgery of 2.5% was significantly higher than arthroscopic implant cases at 0.7% ( p < 0.005). The overall infection rate in implant arthroscopic surgery was significantly higher at 0.7% compared to 0% in non-implant related surgery. ( p < 0.05)

Conclusions

Patients undergoing open shoulder surgery have a significantly higher risk of infection compared to arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Arthroscopic surgery with implant insertion has a statistically significantly higher risk of developing deep infection compared to procedures with no implant insertion. We recommend prophylactic antibiotics in open shoulder surgery and arthroscopic shoulder surgery with implant insertion.
A 3D comparison of humeral head retroversion by sex and measurement technique
Authors: West Emily A. , Knowles Nikolas K. , Athwal George S. , Ferreira Louis M.
Published: June 2017

Background

Accurate humeral head reconstruction during shoulder arthroplasty is partially dependent on correctly estimating and replicating native version. The present study evaluated the effects of sex and measurement technique on three-dimensional (3D) humeral version measurements made using the transepicondylar, forearm and flexion–extension axes.

Methods

Fifty-two full-arm computed tomography scans were converted to 3D models and geometry extracted to define landmarks and coordinate systems. An anatomic humeral head osteotomy plane was used to measure version relative to the three measurement techniques and compare between sexes.

Results

The measurement technique used had a significant affect ( p < 0.001) on the resulting version measurement. The forearm axis technique consistently resulted in higher measured version compared to either the flexion–extension [mean (SD) males 9° (4°), females 13° (5°), p < 0.001] or the transepicondylar axes [mean (SD) males 8° (4°), females 11° (4°), p < 0.001]. Version in males was 7° greater than females when referencing either the flexion–extension [ p = 0.029; mean (SD) males 37.7° (11°), females 30.4° (13°)] or transepicondylar axes [ p = 0.045; mean (SD) males 39° (11°), females 32° (12°)].

Conclusions

The choice of measurement technique can affect the humeral version angle. These results are important because measuring version using the epicondyles pre-operatively, and subsequently the forearm intra-operatively, will result in approximately 10° under-retroverted osteotomy. For example, 0° neutral version cut during reverse arthroplasty measured referencing the forearm results in 10° anteverted osteotomy when referencing the distal humerus.
Seven-Year Follow-up of Matrix-Induced Autologous Implantation in Talus Articular Defects
Authors: Kreulen Christopher , Giza Eric , Walton Judie , Sullivan Martin
Published: June 2017

Background. Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) are difficult to treat because of the poor intrinsic healing capability of articular cartilage. Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) has been shown to be a reliable method for treating cartilage lesions that fail to respond to traditional microfracture and debridement. The purpose of this study was to assess 7-year clinical follow-up data of this technique and demonstrate midterm success of this implant. Methods. A prospective investigation of MACI was performed on 10 patients with OLTs who had failed previous arthroscopic treatment. In all, 5 male and 5 female patients were included in the study. Of the 10 patients, 9 were available for 7-year follow-up. Functional and clinical evaluations were done at 7 years postoperatively using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot evaluation and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and compared with preoperative values. Results. SF-36 data at 7 years showed significant improvements in Physical Functioning (P < .01), Lack of Bodily Pain (P < .1), and Social Functioning (P < .001) compared with preoperative data. The mean AOFAS hindfoot scores of the 9 patients at 7 years was 78.3 ± 18.1 (P = .05) compared with their preoperative mean of 61.8 ± 14.3. Conclusions. MACI provides a stable midterm chondral replacement strategy for osteochondral lesions that fail initial microfracture.

Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Prospective case series
The Audio Check
Authors: Gomila Robin , Littman Rebecca , Blair Graeme , Paluck Elizabeth Levy
Published: June 2017

Data quality and trust in the data collection process are critical concerns in survey research, particularly when surveyors are needed for reaching “diverse and inconvenient subject pools.” In response to irregularities in a smartphone-based pilot survey data collection in Nigeria, we developed an audio check method that unobtrusively recorded surveyors reading aloud questions to participants. We present evidence that this method detected wholesale data fabrication in 14% of our surveys, prevented further fabrication, and improved data quality through provision of regular feedback to surveyors. Using simulation, we demonstrate that undetected fabrication would have introduced significant bias in our analyses. The audio check performs well compared to more traditional methods of detecting fabrication, and a comparative cost–benefit analysis reveals a savings of more than US$1,500 per surveyor by relying on the audio check. The audio check is a viable tool for psychologists who work with survey teams.
The Effect of Dislike on Accuracy and Bias in Person Perception
Authors: Zimmermann Johannes , Schindler Simon , Klaus Geraldine , Leising Daniel
Published: June 2017

The present work explores how accuracy and bias in person perception change with the level of liking that the perceiver holds toward the target person. Specifically, we studied whether dislike affects (a) the social desirability of judgments (positivity bias), (b) the extent to which the target is described like an average person (normative accuracy), and (c) the extent to which the judgment reflects the given target’s characteristics in particular (distinctive accuracy). Eighty-four participants watched four target persons on video, after receiving bogus feedback on how positively or negatively those targets had supposedly evaluated them. The participants reciprocated negative bogus evaluations showing a marked decrease in reported liking for the respective target. Most important, dislike was consistently associated with lower positivity bias, greater normative accuracy, and lower distinctive accuracy across two validation measures (i.e., self-reports and informant reports of target persons).
Response Speed and Response Consistency as Mutually Validating Indicators of Data Quality in Online Samples
Authors: Wood Dustin , Harms P. D. , Lowman Graham H. , DeSimone Justin A.
Published: June 2017

We examine the appropriateness of response speed and response consistency as data quality indicators within online samples. Across several inventories, results show that response consistency decreases dramatically at response rates faster than 1 second per item. Our results suggest that careless responding may be fairly common in online samples and often functions to increase the expected correlation between items in a survey, which has implications for the likelihood of false positives and the analysis of factor structure. Given how careless responding can influence estimated associations between variables, we strongly recommend that researchers include response speed and consistency screens in their research and provide empirically informed cut points for data screens that should be useful across a wide range of instruments and settings.
Critical thinking, research utilization and barriers to this among nursing students in Scandinavia and Indonesia
Authors: Wilde-Larsson Bodil , Aiyub Ilyas , Hermansyah Hasan , Hov Reidun , Høye Sevald , Valen Gillund Margrethe , Kvigne Kari , Suwarni Abubakar , Nordström Gun
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study was to describe and compare perceptions of critical thinking, attitudes to and availability of research, research utilization and barriers to this among nursing students in Scandinavia and Indonesia. Data were collected at the beginning, middle and end of education from nursing students in Norway, Sweden (bachelor’s diploma) and Banda Aceh (bachelor’s diploma). Critical Thinking and Research Utilization Questionnaires were used along with the Barrier Scale. Descriptive analyses, comparisons between and within groups were performed. At the end of education, all samples exhibited positive attitudes to research and the main barrier was related to the setting. Scandinavian students reported higher critical thinking. Indonesian students perceived greater barriers on two Barrier subscales. No differences were found between the samples regarding research utilization. Significant changes over time varied among the samples except for the Norwegian sample. Indonesian students (diploma) exhibited most changes over time. Teachers must support nursing students to strengthen their critical thinking ability and develop professional competence.
Validation of a Single Question Health Literacy Screening Tool for Older Adults
Authors: Keene Woods Nikki , Chesser Amy K.
Published: June 2017

Objectives: Health Literacy skills are important for people of all ages. Older adults have the lowest health literacy rates. The purpose of this study was to assess health literacy rates and validate the use of a screening tool with older adults. Methods: Participants included a convenience sample, age 65 years or older, English speaking with corrected vision of 20/100 or better and typical cognitive skills. Participants completed the 36-item Short Test of Functional Health Literacy Assessment (STOFHLA) and a single item screening (SIS) tool. Results of STOFHLA and SIS were compared using nonparametric statistics. Results: Of the 64 participants, 94% had adequate scores on the STOFHLA, while 64% self-reported confidence in filling out medical forms, p = .006, χ2 = 7.606, df(1). Conclusion: Results suggest that use of health literacy screening tools for older adults may be of value. Additional studies are needed to expand the study sample and validate the findings of this study.
Health Care Merged With Senior Housing: Description and Evaluation of a Successful Program
Authors: Barry Theresa “Teta”
Published: June 2017

Objective: This article describes and evaluates a successful partnership between a large health care organization and housing for seniors. The program provides on-site, primary care visits by a physician and a nurse in addition to intensive social services to residents in an affordable senior housing apartment building located in Pennsylvania. Per Donabedian’s “Structure–Process–Outcome” model, the program demonstrated positive health care outcomes for its participants via a prescribed structure. To provide guidance for replication in similar settings, we qualitatively evaluated the processes by which successful outcomes were obtained. Methods: With program structures in place and outcomes measured, this case study collected and analyzed qualitative information taken from key informant interviews on care processes involved in the program. Themes were extracted from semistructured interviews and used to describe the processes that helped and hindered the program. Results and Discussion: Common processes were identified across respondents; however, the nuanced processes that lead to successful outcomes suggest that defined structures and processes may not be sufficient to produce similar outcomes in other settings. Further research is needed to determine the program’s replicability and policy implications.
Khichdi Mela in Gorakhnath Math: Symbols, Ideas and Motivations
Authors: Chaturvedi Shashank
Published: June 2017

While laying ethnographic focus on the Gorakhnath Math complex located in the North Indian city of Gorakhpur, this article examines the central role that this institution has come to play over the decades in determining the relationships between political and cultural processes in the region. Detailing the event of the Khichdi Mela as observed in the Hindu month of Magha every year, the article looks at the activities of the participating devotees and at the strategic role played by the Mahant of the shrine, Yogi Adityanath, in the organisation of this event. It is argued that Yogi Adityanath’s presence inside the Math, on one of the most sacred days of the Hindu calendar, and its meaning shared by devotees, is very complex and multilayered. The sacredness involved in offering Khichdi on this day is not limited to mere symbolism. In addition, religion as a resource for power is reinforced by shared meanings and collective sentiments.
Causality in cancer research: a journey through models in molecular epidemiology and their philosophical interpretation
Authors: Vineis Paolo , Illari Phyllis , Russo Federica
Published: June 2017

In the last decades, Systems Biology (including cancer research) has been driven by technology, statistical modelling and bioinformatics. In this paper we try to bring biological and philosophical thinking back. We thus aim at making different traditions of thought compatible: (a) causality in epidemiology and in philosophical theorizing—notably, the “sufficient-component-cause framework” and the “mark transmission” approach; (b) new acquisitions about disease pathogenesis, e.g. the “branched model” in cancer, and the role of biomarkers in this process; (c) the burgeoning of omics research, with a large number of “signals” and of associations that need to be interpreted. In the paper we summarize first the current views on carcinogenesis, and then explore the relevance of current philosophical interpretations of “cancer causes”. We try to offer a unifying framework to incorporate biomarkers and omic data into causal models, referring to a position called “evidential pluralism”. According to this view, causal reasoning is based on both “evidence of difference-making” (e.g. associations) and on “evidence of underlying biological mechanisms”. We conceptualize the way scientists detect and trace signals in terms of information transmission, which is a generalization of the mark transmission theory developed by philosopher Wesley Salmon. Our approach is capable of helping us conceptualize how heterogeneous factors such as micro and macro-biological and psycho-social—are causally linked. This is important not only to understand cancer etiology, but also to design public health policies that target the right causal factors at the macro-level.
Emulsified omega-3 fatty-acids modulate the symptoms of depressive disorder in children and adolescents: a pilot study
Authors: Trebatická Jana , Hradečná Zuzana , Böhmer František , Vaváková Magdaléna , Waczulíková Iveta , Garaiova Iveta , Luha Ján , Škodáček Igor , Šuba Ján , Ďuračková Zdeňka
Published: June 2017

Background

The prevalence of mood disorders in children is a growing global concern. Omega-3 fatty acids (FA) are emerging as a promising adjuvant therapy for depressive disorder (DD) in paediatric patients. The primary objective of this pilot, single-centre, randomized, double-blind controlled study was to compare the efficacy of an Omega-3 FA fish oil emulsion with a control oil emulsion alongside standard treatment for depressive symptoms in children and adolescents suffering from depressive disorder (DD) and mixed anxiety depressive disorder (MADD).

Methods

38 children (12 patients were treated and diagnosed for at least 1 month before enrolment, 26 patients were first-time diagnosed as DD) aged 11–17 years were randomised 1:1 to the intervention (Omega-3 FA, 19 patients) or active comparator (Omega-6 FA, 19 patients) groups. Children’s depression inventory (CDI) ratings were performed at baseline, every 2 weeks for a 12-week intervention period and at 4-week post-intervention. 35 patients (17 in Omega-3 and 18 in Omega-6 groups) who completed the whole intervention period were evaluated. Patients from Omega-3 group were stratified according to diagnosis into two subgroups (DD—10/17 and mixed anxiety depressive disorder (MADD)—7/17 patients) and in the Omega-6 group into DD—10/18 and MADD—8/18 patients. Groups were evaluated separately. Differences between-groups were tested with the Student´sttest or non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures and Friedman test were used to analyse theTreatmenteffect for response in CDI score. p < 0.05 was considered significant in all statistical analyses.

Results

Significant reductions in CDI scores in 35 analysed patients who completed 12 weeks intervention were observed after 12 weeks of intervention only in the Omega-3 group (p = 0.034). After stratification to depressive disorder and mixed anxiety depressive disorder subgroups, the DD subgroup receiving the Omega-3 FA fish oil showed statistically greater improvement (score reduction after 8 week treatment of −9.1 CDI, p = 0.0001) when compared to the MADD subgroup (score reduction after 8 week treatment −4.24 CDI, p = 0.271).

Conclusions

CDI scores were reduced in the Omega-3 group and the depression subgroup had greater improvement than the mixed depressive/anxiety group. An Omega-3 fatty acid rich fish oil emulsion may be an effective adjuvant supplement during the treatment of depressive disorders in children.

Trial registrationISRCTN81655012
Imaging features of solid renal masses
Authors: Galia Massimo , Albano Domenico , Bruno Alberto , Agrusa Antonino , Romano Giorgio , Di Buono Giuseppe , Agnello Francesco , Salvaggio Giuseppe , La Grutta Ludovico , Midiri Massimo , Lagalla Roberto
Published: June 2017

The widespread use of abdominal imaging techniques has increased the detection of solid renal masses over the past years. Imaging plays a crucial role in the management and surveillance and in determining which lesions need treatment. The “classical angiomyolipoma” is the only benign solid renal mass that can be characterized with confidence by imaging through the detection of a fat-containing lesion without calcifications. There is a large overlap of imaging features between benign and malignant renal masses that often makes difficult a correct characterization of these lesions. In this review, we discuss the imaging features of the main solid renal masses that may suggest a likely benign diagnosis.
RETRACTED: Simultaneous dual-color light sheet fluorescence imaging flow cytometry for high-throughput marine phytoplankton analysis
Authors: Li Jianping , Xu Zhennan
Published: June 2017

This paper reports the development of a dual-color light sheet fluorescence imaging flow cytometer exclusively designed for rapid phytoplankton analysis. By simultaneously exciting chlorophyll and phycoerythrin fluorescence, the system is enabled to discriminate phycoerythrin-containing and phycoerythrin-lacking phytoplankton groups through simultaneous two-channel spectral imaging-in-flow. It is demonstrated the system has good sensitivity and resolution to detect picophytoplankton down to the size of ~1μm, high throughput of 1.3 × 105cells/s and 5 × 103cells/s at 100μL/min and 3mL/min volume flow rates for cultured picophytoplankton and nanophytoplankton detection, respectively, and a broad imaging range from ~1μm up to 300μm covering most marine phytoplankton cell sizes with just one 40 × objective. The simultaneous realization of high resolution, high sensitivity and high throughput with spectral resolving power of the system is expected to promote the technology towards more practical applications that demand automated phytoplankton analysis.
HIDRÓLISE DA LACTOSE E PRODUÇÃO DE LEITE EM PÓ: ASPECTOS TECNOLÓGICOS
Authors: Torres Jansen Kelis Ferreira , Stephani Rodrigo , Tavares Guilherme Miranda , Carvalho Antônio Fernandes , Costa Renata Golin Bueno , Schuck Pierre , Perrone Ítalo Tuler
Published: June 2017

A indústria de alimentos tem como desafio e oportunidade desenvolver novos produtos com reduzido ou baixo teor de lactose, a fim de atender uma crescente massa de portadores de má digestão da lactose. A secagem dos produtos com lactose hidrolisada é um desafio tecnológico devido a higroscopicidade dos mesmos, influenciando na produtividade, no entupimento das câmaras e na conservação dos pós. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de hidrólise enzimática da lactose (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e > 99%), na produção e estocagem de leite em pó integral utilizando como ferramentas de caracterização dos produtos fabricados em planta piloto a análise de composição, o controle do grau de hidrólise e as isotermas de sorção. Todos os resultados indicam que a hidrólise da lactose afeta a produção do leite em pó por aumentar a adesão no spray dryer e a absorção de umidade durante a estocagem.
DIAGNÓSTICO HIGIÊNICO-SANITÁRIO E DA QUALIDADE MICROBIOLÓGICA DE PRODUTOS LÁCTEOS EM UM LATICÍNIO LOCALIZADO EM TUCURUÍ-PARÁ
Authors: Figueiredo Elaine Lopes , Melo Jéssica Kelly Lima , Neves Natália Caroline Oliveira
Published: June 2017

Devido ao grande consumo de leite e derivados, torna-se imprescindível sua avaliação higiênico-sanitária e microbiológica, visando oferecer aos consumidores alimentos de qualidade. Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar o grau de adequação de um laticínio às Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF), identificar Pontos Críticos de Controle (PCC) e Pontos de Controle (PC) no processamento de leite pasteurizado e iogurte de morango; avaliar a qualidade microbiológica, bem como o índice de contaminação das superfícies de processamento em um laticínio localizado no município de Tucuruí – Pará. Na avaliação de BPF, utilizou-se a Ficha de Verificação da Resolução de Diretoria Colegiada 275. Avaliou-se as etapas dos fluxogramas de fabricação dos derivados de leite para identificação dos PCC´s e PC´s e dos perigos potenciais à saúde dos consumidores. As análises microbiológicas dos produtos (coliformes totais e termotolerantes, contagem de Staphylococcus aureus e pesquisa de Salmonella) seguiram os métodos oficiais de American Public Health Association. Realizou-se também análises de swabs (coliformes totais e termotolerantes e contagem de Staphylococcus aureus) em doze superfícies envolvidas com o processamento dos produtos. Com base no grau de adequação às BPF, o laticínio enquadrou-se no Grupo 1. Constatou-se por meio das análises microbiológicas do leite pasteurizado e do iogurte conformidade com as exigências legais. Entretanto, embora as superfícies estivessem de acordo com as especificações para coliformes termotolerantes, constatou-se alto índice de contaminação das mesmas com Staphylococcus aureus e coliformes totais, indicativas de falhas higiênico-sanitárias no laticínio.
Excerpt from Auggie’s Revenge
Authors: Kudera Alex
Published: June 2017

Auggie’s Revenge is Alex Kudera’s comic crime novel about academic labor in urban America. In the city of brotherly unemployment, instructor of philosophy Michael Vittinger shares an adjuncts’ office far removed from any full-time or tenure-track position. After more than a decade of teaching, Michael still lives paycheck-to-supermarket in a small studio apartment. In the following excerpt, Vittinger gets stood up at the bar by his girlfriend, encounters less fortunate street dwellers on his way to securing affordable comestibles at the local convenience store, and retires for the evening to watch frisky bears on late-night television.