bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential of Agricultural Residues from Musa acuminata (Cavendish) Peel: Study on Physicochemical Properties and Thin-Layer Drying Characteristic
Authors: Arnisah Ishak Nur , Mohd Sabri Pak Dek , Azhari Samsu Baharuddin , Asma Razak Abd Nor
Published: March 2023

Musa acuminata (Cavendish) peel is a waste product of limited values that is generated in large quantities and caused detrimental environmental issues in long term if there are no alternative solutions. This primary residue corresponds to 40 % of the fruit weight with a broad natural antioxidant such as polyphenols that will be valuable to the food industry application. This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and solvent extraction for high polyphenols recovery between unripe and ripe peel following the drying characteristic and quantification analysis. The physicochemical characteristics of Cavendish peel showed significant differences at different ripening stages, thus effect the solvent extraction towards antioxidant compounds and activities. An aqueous extract of unripe peel was the best solvent for higher phenolic, tannin and flavonoid content compared to ripe peel. The 40 °C of drying treatment will preserve higher tannin content than other temperature and eleven profile of polyphenols had been detected using HPLC including tannic acid as a lead compound. The results from this study can be used for further isolation and purification of tannin to the possible application as functional food ingredients due to its antioxidants benefits and conversion of this residues as valuable is necessary.
HIGHLIGHTS

The unripe Cavendish peel contain higher antioxidant content and activities compare to the ripe peel
Aqueous extraction showed the highest total tannin content recovery compared to other solvents
The drying condition at 40 °C give the best recovery of tannin content from the Cavendish peel
Tannic acid as a lead compound detected by the HPLC analysis

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The Effect of Alcohol Compounds on Droplet Combustion Characteristics of Unsaturated Fatty Acid of Linoleic Acid
Authors: Hamidi Nurkholis , Ahmad Ibadurrohman Ibrahim , Yuliati Lilis , Winarto Winarto , Darmadi Djarot B.
Published: March 2023

Alcohol compounds have become a popular choice as additives for improving the performance of biodiesel. However, given the complexity of biodiesel, which is composed of various components of vegetable oil, it requires intensive research to fully understand its behavior. This study aims to investigate the impact of alcohol compounds on the droplet combustion characteristics of linoleic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid. Four alcohol compounds, namely methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol, were utilized to evaluate their effects on the combustion properties of the fuel mixtures. The droplet combustion characteristics were observed under normal atmospheric pressure and temperature conditions, with the fuel mixture consisting of 80 % linoleic acid and 20 % alcohol compounds. Our findings indicate that the addition of alcohol compounds to linoleic acid significantly reduced the ignition delay time, although the droplet lifetime was slightly increased. Moreover, it was observed that alcohols with shorter carbon chains had a greater impact on reducing the ignition delay time. Additionally, the results demonstrated that the alcohol compounds could accelerate the rate of increasing combustion temperature, reduce soot formation, and shorten the duration of soot formation. Furthermore, it was found that alcohol with a short carbon chain had a more pronounced effect on the overall combustion characteristics of linoleic acid. Overall, our study sheds light on the effects of alcohol compounds on the droplet combustion characteristics of linoleic acid, providing valuable insights for the optimization of biodiesel performance.
HIGHLIGHTS

Alcohol has a significant impact on the properties of unsaturated fatty acids, specifically on factors such as ignition delay time, droplet lifetime, temperature, flame dimension, and soot production
The addition of alcohol as an additive, results in a reduction in soot generation and a shorter duration of soot formation
The length of the carbon chain in the alcohol additive plays a crucial role in the combustion properties of linoleic acid. Alcohols with shorter carbon chains have a greater impact on the overall combustion properties

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Application for Student Document Authentication
Authors: Prof. Jyotsna Nanajkar  , Pratik Adsare  , Amrapali Andhale  , Om Fegade  , Chaitanya Janmale
Published: March 2023

AICTE every year go through over 6 lakhs documents of students and verify them and approved all verified documents. AICTE manually finishes all work like verification and approved them one by one. And now a days the task become very critical and lengthy because the number of increasing documents and manual work without using any modern technical method. Schemes, training, VC, fellowships are increasing due to enrolment of many students every year. AICTE using some technology for forwarding verified applications but all work not become modern and many tasks are not possible without technology. Many research are done on the verification technology before but the verification system shows various security problems, result percentage of verification method by analysing all these technical issues and the recent technology the verification system application is studied.
Ethnopharmacological Review of Medicinal Plants for Brain Disorders - A Review
Authors: Mr. Rushikesh Bhikaji Shinde  , Prof. Gaurav Manwar  , Dr. Nitin B. Kohle  , Prof. Suraj B. Rathod
Published: March 2023

It is customary to use plants to treat human diseases. There has been a recent Resurgence of interest. Field studies on ethnobotany have been conducted in a Variety of developing nations worldwide. It shows worry over the potential loss Of important knowledge regarding conventional medicine. Many times, Neurological problems are not seen as common ailments. Like epilepsy, which is The most severe chronic ailment, they are mental illnesses. Millions of individuals Are affected. Other diseases, such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, meningitis, and Stroke. Speaking, breathing, movement, mood, and memory are all impacted by Nervous system problems. A comprehensive treatment option is herbal medicine. Growing these significant herbs will increase the ecosystem’s terrestrial diversity And aid in biodiversity preservation [1]. Nerve illnesses are Centella asiatica, Avena sativa, Lagenaria sicerana, Cassia tora, and Cassia fistula. A taxonomy Categorization can be constructed based on medical applications and the Relationships inferred between the many medicinal plant species’ biochemical Attributes and medicinal purposes. Additionally to molecular characterisation, Tissue culture studies Do this. The most potent medicinal plant used to treat Nervous disorders can be obtained, and significant medicinal plant gene flow will Increase terrestrial biodiversity [2].
Approaches in the Nutritional Management of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Ajay Suryavanshi  , Avesh Iliyas Sumar  , Suraj B. Rathod  , Suraj B. Rathod  , Kusum Rajbhar
Published: March 2023

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is at the upward thrust global Representing a public fitness issue. Its coexistence with weight problems and Different metabolic changes is relatively frequent. Therefore, present day remedy Interventions for NAFLD are especially centered on modern weight reduction Thru modulation of normal calorie consumption without or with precise Macronutrient adjustments. Furthermore, different applicable dietary Interventions are constructed on meals choice and time-restrained eating. Since Each approach would possibly carry unique results, selecting the top of the line Eating regimen remedy for a affected person is a complex task, due to the fact NAFLD is a multifactorial complicated disease. Importantly, a few elements want To be considered, consisting of nutrition-primarily based totally proof in phrases Of hepatic morphophysiological enhancements in addition to adherence of the Affected person to the meal plan and adaptableness of their cultural context. Thus, The cause of this evaluate is to discover and evaluate the subtleties and nuances Of the maximum applicable scientific exercise recommendations and the dietary Techniques for the control of NAFLD with a unique interest to tangible results And long-time period adherence
Skin Disease Identification using Image Processing
Authors: Prof. Vrushali Paithankar  , Isha Uprit  , Adita Bairagi  , Himanshu Zoting  , Akshat Katarnavare
Published: March 2023

Skin diseases are very dangerous and infectious. Skin disease is most common than other diseases that can be caused by fungal infections, bacteria, allergies or viruses, etc. Skin diseases are conditions that affect your skin. skin diseases are the diseases that can be cured Only by dermatologist and some this skin diseases cannot be a cured by proper medication. Also skin diseases can cause rashes inflammation itching or any other skin changes. the purpose of this research to detect skin disease using image processing. In this process we take the image of the infected part of image and after image analysis using image processing techniques we get the output of which type of disease it is in this we use CNN for real time skin disease detection.
Kikuchi Disease “A Lupus Mimicker”: A Case Report
Authors: Alsaadi Aliya Juma , Al Hashmi Saud , Al-Julandani Nabila
Published: March 2023

Kikuchi disease, also called, Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare self-limiting illness with an unknown etiology and pathogenesis. It is predominantly seen among young females. The cardinal clinical features include fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Skin eruptions have also been reported. In Oman, two cases have been reported to date, in 2005 and 2020, with only one case exhibiting skin manifestations. There is a paucity of disease in our country and worldwide. In this case report, we discuss the diagnosis of Kikuchi disease in a previously healthy 17-year-old Omani female who presented with fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, and malar rash. The clinical picture in this case resembled that of systemic lupus erythematosus. Due to the rarity of Kikuchi disease, particularly in our region, it is crucial to consider it as a differential diagnosis when a patient exhibits the aforementioned symptoms to prevent misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment, as it can easily be misdiagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus.
Marcas de professores na trajetória de vida de jovens egressos do ensino médio
Authors: Schwertner Suzana Feldens , Pederiva Bianca Isabel
Published: March 2023

O que egressos podem falar sobre os efeitos do espaço escolar em suas vidas? Quais seus olhares para a escola e para os professores, cinco anos depois da conclusão do Ensino Médio? O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir as percepções de egressos do Ensino Médio acerca das marcas de professores em sua trajetória de vida. Para tal, apresenta-se o projeto de pesquisa em andamento (2020-2022), intitulado “A escola, cinco anos depois: olhares de egressos”, que contou, até o momento, com a participação de 14 jovens egressos de escolas do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Considerando os estudos de Larrosa (2018); Masschelein e Simons (2018) e Biesta (2018; 2020), o aporte teórico explora as dimensões da docência, abordando os gestos e as maneiras de ser professor. Por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas de modo online, durante 2020 e 2021, os jovens compartilharam suas vivências na escola e no momento atual. Com o auxílio da técnica de análise textual discursiva, foram elaboradas três unidades de análise: dos gestos com a matéria; da escuta e do socorro e da vocação para o ofício de professor, que versaram sobre as maestrias com a matéria, a importância dos professores e suas marcas na vida dos estudantes e, inclusive, seus efeitos na escolha da profissão vindoura.
Polish adaptation of the Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA-PL)
Authors: Zagórska Wanda , Skoczeń Ilona , Lipska Anna , Arnett Jeffrey
Published: March 2023

Background

Emerging adulthood refers to a new phase in life that is related to the transition period from adolescence to adulthood. The concept spread around the world and has been examined in various cultural contexts. This article aims to introduce a Polish adaptation of the Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA-PL) developed to assess attitudes toward emerging adulthood among young people.

Participants and procedure

In total, 1,414 randomly assigned emerging adults aged between 18 and 29 took part in this study. Participants were asked to describe the extent to which they considered their current life as a time of identity exploration, experimenta-tion/possibilities, negativity/instability, self-focused, feeling in-between, and other-focused. Responses were given on a Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree).

Results

The results were analyzed in two steps: via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to check the underlying structure of the meas-ure and via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess the model fit. The EFA results showed that the IDEA-PL items loaded onto the originally dedicated six factors; however, some achieved low loadings and/or cross-loadings. In the second step of the analysis, the problematic items were eliminated and the CFA results showed that a five-factor solution with 15 items achieved satisfactory parameters.

Conclusions

In this paper, we introduce a Polish adaptation of the Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA-PL). These results add value to the existing literature and scholars and clinicians can use this questionnaire for research and prac-tice purposes.
FRUTOS DE LOBEIRA (Solanum lycocarpum) FAVORECEM A MANUTENÇÃO DE DROSOFILÍDEOS EXÓTICOS EM FLORESTA ESTACIONAL SEMIDECIDUAL DEGRADADA
Authors: Tavares Paulo Roberto de Abreu , De Sá Vera Alves , Henrique Jessica Amaral , De Morais Glaucia Almeida , Polatto Leandro Pereira , Alves Junior Valter Vieira
Published: March 2023

Introdução: Os drosofilídeos exóticos são encontrados principalmente em áreas abertas ou ambientes degradados e urbanizados, desde que nesses ambientes ocorram frutos carnosos, por serem considerados os seus principais locais de reprodução. Os frutos carnosos da lobeira, Solanum lycocarpum (Solanaceae), são exemplos de sítios de desenvolvimento das larvas de drosofilídeos, mesmo em estações com estresse hídrico. Objetivo: Conhecer a composição populacionais das espécies exóticas de drosofilídeos larvais hospedeiros de frutos de S. lycocarpum. Material e métodos: Os frutos de S. lycocarpum foram coletados semanalmente durante o período de amadurecimento e, posteriormente, pesados e armazenado individualmente em recipientes plásticos. Foram calculadas a proporção de frutos colonizados por drosofilídeos, a densidade de larvas e a viabilidade pupal. Resultados: Foram encontradas três espécies exóticas de drosofilídeos – Drosophila simulans (52,3%), Drosophila melanogaster (44,7%) e Drosophila repleta (3%). A proporção de frutos colonizados foi de 78,7%, com uma média de 8,8 ± 3,42 moscas por fruto. A taxa de infestação de pupário/kg de fruto foi de 186,9, com viabilidade pupal de 76,5%. Conclusão: Estas três espécies, por apresentarem hábitos alimentares generalistas, possivelmente estão reduzindo a abundância das espécies nativas por competição, podendo inclusive serem utilizados como bioindicadores de degradação ambiental.
Evaluation of Cardiac Electrophysiological Balance in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Şaylık Faysal , Çınar Tufan , Selçuk Murat , Akbulut Tayyar
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is defined by slightly elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with normal free triiodothyronine (fT3) and thyroxine (fT4) levels. SH is related to cardiovascular events, including malignant arrhythmias. Cardiac electrophysiological balance (iCEB) and its corrected form with heart rate (iCEBc) are useful electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters for the prediction of malign arrhythmias. In this study, we aimed to evaluate iCEB and iCEBc in SH patients.

Patients and Methods: A total of 164 patients (n= 82 patients with SH and n= 82 controls) were enrolled in this study. iCEB was calculated by dividing QT by QRS, and iCEBc was calculated by dividing corrected QT (QTc) by QRS. The groups were compared based on ECG parameters. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the association of ECG parameters with TSH levels.

Results: There were no differences between the groups regarding clinical and laboratory findings. Tp-e, QT, QTc, Tp-e/QT, Tp-e/QTc, iCEB, and iCEBc were significantly prolonged in SH patients compared to controls. In correlation analyses, all of the abovementioned ECG parameters were significantly correlated with serum TSH levels. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that Tp-e, iCEB, and iCEBc were independently associated with serum TSH levels in SH patients.

Conclusion: To our knowledge, this was the first study to demonstrate that iCEB and iCEBc were both prolonged in SH patients compared to controls, and both of them were independently correlated with TSH levels in such patients.
Relationship Between Syntax Score and Cystatin C in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Toprak Kenan
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The SYNTAX (SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery) score (SS) is an angiographic scoring system to determine the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). As far as we know, studies examining the relationship between SYNTAX Score and Cystatin C (Cys-C) are limited in the literature. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between Cys-C level and SS in patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Patients and Methods: One hundred ninety-two patients who underwent coronary angiography for STEMI between June 2021 and December 2021 in our center were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to their SS values: Group 1 included patients with SS<22, and Group 2 included patients with SS≥ 22. The two groups were compared in terms of baseline characteristics and serum Cys-C levels.

Results: Patients in Group 2 had significantly higher Cys-C levels than those in Group 1 (1.7 ± 0.53 vs 1.3 ± 0.29; p= 0.006). In the correlation analysis, SS showed a positive correlation with the Cys-C level (r= 0.189, p= 0.015). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Cys-C level was an independent predictor of high SS (β=0.306, p= 0.006). When receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed, the optimal cut-off value of Cys-C to predict severe coronary artery disease (indicating high SS) was Cys-C≥ 1.56, which was predictive for severe coronary artery disease with 74% sensitivity and 72% specificity [area under the curve (AUC)= 0.745, 95% confidence interval (CI)= 0.624-0.835, p<0.001).

Conclusion: Cystatin C levels are independently associated with high SS in STEMI patients. In summary, our findings show that Cys-C is a promising clinical biomarker that can be used to assess the severity of coronary artery lesions, potentially providing additional information to established risk markers.
Should We Hesitate to Use Skeletonized Bilateral Internal Mammary Artery?
Authors: Özgen Ayça , Toköz Hamdi
Published: March 2023

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the mortality and morbidity associated with skeletonized BIMA use as well as the long-term outcomes of the technique.

Patients and Methods: Patients who underwent CABG with or without additional intervention by using skeletonized BIMA in our clinic between the years 2017 and 2021 were included in this study (n= 193).

Results: During the six-month postoperative follow-up, none of the patients in whom BIMA was used developed deep sternal wound infection. Only ten patients developed skin closure defects at the sternal incision line during the first postoperative week, and one of them required revision of the skin incision site. Bacterial growth was not present on the sternal incision site cultures of any patients.

Conclusion: When considering the long-term outcomes of skeletonized BIMA use, we believe that surgeons should not be reluctant to use BIMA due to concerns about deep sternal wound infection.
LBS Tech - Desenvolvimento web
Authors: Paixão Vivian Morais , Puelles Angie Atoche , Abreu Ana Paula de , Bastos Luana Luiza , Santos Lucas Moraes dos , Carvalho Frederico Chaves , Mariano Diego , de Melo-Minardi Raquel Cardoso
Published: March 2023

O aprendizado de linguagens de programação é de extrema importância para o desenvolvimento web. Existem diversas linguagens de programação usadas em diferentes aspectos do desenvolvimento de aplicações web, e cada uma delas possui sua própria importância. Neste livro, abordaremos os passos iniciais para trabalhar com HTML, CSS, PHP e JavaScript, além do Framework CodeIgniter. Com HTML e CSS, você pode criar layouts e estilos de página que são exibidos em todos os dispositivos, desde desktops até dispositivos móveis. O PHP é uma linguagem de programação de back-end que permite criar aplicativos e scripts que podem interagir com bancos de dados, enviar e-mails e muito mais. O JavaScript é uma linguagem de programação de front-end que permite criar interações em tempo real com o usuário, como animações, validação de formulários e muito mais. Compreender essas linguagens permite aos desenvolvedores criar sites dinâmicos, interativos e personalizados que atendam às necessidades dos usuários. Além disso, o conhecimento de linguagens de programação pode levar a oportunidades de carreira em áreas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de aplicações web.O conteúdo abordado neste livro foi baseado no conteúdo do LBS Tech, um conjunto de palestras e aulas voltadas para o ensino das tecnologias utilizadas pelo grupo de pesquisa do Laboratório de Bioinformática e Sistemas da UFMG (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais). Cada módulo terá, junto a ele, o link do vídeo da aula correspondente, e o seu uso em conjunto com este livro permitirá um aprendizado mais completo. Bons estudos!
Pulse shaping of the electromagnetic radiation from a narrow slot antenna
Authors: Štumpf Martin , Lager Ioan Ernest
Published: March 2023

Abstract. A straightforward approach to achieve the prescribed shape of the far-field electromagnetic (EM) pulse radiated from a narrow slot antenna is introduced. It is demonstrated that the specified radiated pulse shape in a given direction can be approximately attained via a simple signal-processing technique that yields the pertaining excitation pulse. Illustrative numerical examples demonstrating good accuracy in the early-time part of the radiated pulsed fields are presented.
Impact of Additional Antenna Groundplanes on RTK-GNSS Positioning Accuracy of UAVs
Authors: Punzet Stefan , Eibert Thomas F.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Precise position information is important for terrestrial and airborne surveying systems, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Those systems often rely on real-time kinematic (RTK) global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) for position determination, where the GNSS antenna mounting environment impacts the GNSS position accuracy to a great extent. This paper investigates the impact of different supplementary groundplane shapes, sizes, and materials on multi-band patch and helical GNSS antennas at both, the UAV rover and RTK base station with respect to the achievable position accuracy. The groundplanes consist of solid aluminum sheets or copper plated printed circuit boards (PCBs) and are mounted directly underneath the GNSS antennas. Appropriate supplementary groundplanes are found to significantly improve the GNSS position accuracy in the majority of test cases.
Opinion: Establishing a Science-into-Policy Process for Tropospheric Ozone Assessment
Authors: Derwent Richard G. , Parrish David D. , Faloona Ian C.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations driven by anthropogenic precursor emissions is an environmental issue scientifically similar to the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer and global climate change; however, the tropospheric ozone issue lacks the generally accepted, international assessment efforts that have greatly informed our understanding of the other two issues. Here we briefly review those successful science-into-policy approaches, and outline the elements required to conduct a similar process for tropospheric ozone, especially for establishing a simplified model of the underpinning science, useful policy metrics and motivating international policy forums for regulating ozone production over the hemispheric and global scales.
Pervasive carbonation of peridotite to listvenite (Semail Ophiolite, Sultanate of Oman): clues from iron partitioning and chemical zoning
Authors: Decrausaz Thierry , Godard Marguerite , Menzel Manuel D. , Parat Fleurice , Oliot Emilien , Lafay Romain , Barou Fabrice
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Earth's long-term cycling of carbon is regulated from
mid-ocean ridges to convergent plate boundaries by mass transfers involving
mantle rocks. Here we examine the conversion of peridotite to listvenite
(magnesite + quartz rock) during CO2 metasomatism along the basal
thrust of the Semail Ophiolite (Fanja, Sultanate of Oman). At the outcrop
scale, this transformation defines reaction zones, from serpentinized
peridotites to carbonated serpentinites and listvenites. Based on a
detailed petrological and chemical study, we show that carbonation
progressed through three main stages involving the development of replacive
textures ascribed to early stages, whilst carbonate (± quartz) veining
becomes predominant in the last stage. The pervasive replacement of
serpentine by magnesite is characterized by the formation of spheroids,
among which two types are identified based on the composition of their core
regions: Fe-core and Mg-core spheroids. Fe zoning is a type feature of
matrix and vein magnesite formed during the onset carbonation (Stage 1).
While Fe-rich magnesite is predicted to form at low fluid XCO2 from a
poorly to moderately oxidized protolith, our study evidences that the local
non-redox destabilization of Fe oxides into Fe-rich magnesite is essential to
the development of Fe-core spheroids. The formation of Fe-core spheroids is
followed by the pervasive (over-)growth of Mg-rich spheroids and aggregates
(Stage 2) at near-equilibrium conditions in response to increasing fluid
XCO2. Furthermore, the compositions of carbonates indicate that most
siderophile transition elements released by the dissolution of primary
minerals are locally trapped in carbonate and oxides during matrix
carbonation, while elements with a chalcophile affinity are the most likely
to be leached out of reaction zones.
Multi-million-year cycles in modelled δ13C as a response to astronomical forcing of organic matter fluxes
Authors: Leloup Gaëlle , Paillard Didier
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Along with 400 kyr periodicities, multi-million-year cycles have been found in δ13C records over different time periods. An ∼ 8–9 Myr periodicity is found throughout the Cenozoic and part of the Mesozoic. The robust presence of this periodicity in δ13C records suggests an astronomical origin. However, this periodicity is barely visible in the astronomical forcing. Due to the large fractionation factor of organic matter, its burial or oxidation produces large δ13C variations for moderate carbon variations. Therefore, astronomical forcing of organic matter fluxes is a plausible candidate to explain the oscillations observed in the δ13C records. So far, modelling studies forcing astronomically the organic matter burial have been able to produce 400 kyr and 2.4 Myr cycles in δ13C but were not able to produce longer cycles, such as 8–9 Myr cycles. Here, we propose a mathematical mechanism compatible with the biogeochemistry that could explain the presence of multi-million-year cycles in the δ13C records and their stability over time: a preferential phase locking to multiples of the 2.4 Myr eccentricity period. With a simple non-linear conceptual model for the carbon cycle that has multiple equilibria, we are able to extract longer periods than with a simple linear model – more specifically, multi-million-year periods.
The implications of maintaining Earth's hemispheric albedo symmetry for shortwave radiative feedbacks
Authors: Jönsson Aiden R. , Bender Frida A.-M.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The Earth's albedo is observed to be symmetric between the hemispheres on the annual mean timescale, despite the clear-sky albedo being asymmetrically higher in the Northern Hemisphere due to more land area and aerosol sources; this is because the mean cloud distribution currently compensates for the clear-sky asymmetry almost exactly. We investigate the evolution of the hemispheric difference in albedo in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) coupled model simulations following an abrupt quadrupling of CO2 concentrations, to which all models respond with an initial decrease of albedo in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) due to loss of Arctic sea ice. Models disagree over whether the net effect of NH cloud responses is to reduce or amplify initial NH albedo reductions. After the initial response, the evolution of the hemispheric albedo difference diverges among models, with some models remaining stably at their new hemispheric albedo difference and others returning towards their pre-industrial difference primarily through a reduction in SH cloud cover. Whereas local increases in cloud cover contribute to negative shortwave cloud feedback, the cross-hemispheric communicating mechanism found to be primarily responsible for restoring hemispheric symmetry in the models studied implies positive shortwave cloud feedback.
Marine reservoir ages for coastal West Africa
Authors: Soulet Guillaume , Maestrati Philippe , Gofas Serge , Bayon Germain , Dewilde Fabien , Labonne Maylis , Dennielou Bernard , Ferraton Franck , Siani Giuseppe
Published: March 2023

Abstract. We measured the 14C age of pre-bomb suspension-feeding bivalves of known-age from coastal West Africa (n = 30) across a latitudinal transect extending from 33° N to 15° S. The specimens are from the collections of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris, France). They were carefully chosen to ensure that the specimens were alive when collected or died not long before collection. From the 14C-dating of these know-age bivalves, we calculated the marine reservoir age (as ΔR and R values) for each specimen. ΔR values were calculated relative to the Marine20 calibration curve and the R values relative to Intcal20 or SHcal20 calibration curves. Except five outliers, the ΔR and R values were quite homogenous to a mean value of −77 ± 47 14C yrs (1sd, n = 25), and of 400 ± 59 14C yrs (1sd, n = 25), respectively. These values are typical of low latitude marine reservoir age values. Five suspension-feeding species living in five different ecological habitats were studied. For localities were different species were available, the results yielded similar results whatever the specie considered suggesting that the habitat has only a limited impact on the marine reservoir age reconstruction. We show that our measured marine reservoir ages follow the declining trend of the global marine reservoir age starting ca. 1900 AD, suggesting that marine reservoir age of coastal West Africa is driven, at least at first order, by the global carbon cycle and climate rather than by local effects. Each outlier was discussed. Sub-fossil specimens likely explain the older 14C age and thus larger marine reservoir age measured for these samples. Bucardium ringens might not a best choice for marine reservoir age reconstructions.
ParticleDA.jl v.1.0: A real-time data assimilation software platform
Authors: Giles Daniel , Graham Matthew M. , Giordano Mosè , Koskela Tuomas , Beskos Alexandros , Guillas Serge
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Digital twins of physical and human systems informed by real-time data, are becoming ubiquitous across weather forecasting, disaster preparedness, and urban planning, but researchers lack the tools to run these models effectively and efficiently, limiting progress. One of the current challenges is to assimilate observations in highly nonlinear dynamical systems, as the practical need is often to detect abrupt changes. We developed a software platform to improve the use of real-time data in highly nonlinear system representations where non-Gaussianity prevents the use of more standard Data Assimilation. Optimal Particle filtering data assimilation (DA) techniques have been implemented within an user-friendly open source software platform in Julia – ParticleDA.jl. To ensure the applicability of the developed platform in realistic scenarios, emphasis has been placed on numerical efficiency, scalability and optimisation for high performance computing frameworks. Furthermore, the platform has been developed to be forward model agnostic, ensuring that it is applicable to a wide range of modelling settings, for instance unstructured and non-uniform meshes in the spatial domain or even state spaces that are not spatially organised. Applications to tsunami and numerical weather prediction demonstrate the computational benefits in terms of lower errors, lower computational costs (due to ensemble size and the algorithm's overheads being minimised) and versatility thanks to flexible I/O in a high level language Julia.
Improving the understanding of N transport in a rural catchment under Atlantic climate conditions from the analysis of the concentration–discharge relationship derived from a high-frequency data set
Authors: Rodríguez-Blanco María Luz , Taboada-Castro María Teresa , Taboada-Castro María Mercedes
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Understanding processes controlling stream nutrient dynamics over time is crucial for implementing effective management strategies to prevent water quality degradation. In this respect, the study of the nutrient concentration–discharge (C–Q) relationship during individual runoff events can be a valuable tool for extrapolating the hydrochemical processes controlling nutrient fluxes in streams. This study investigated nitrogen concentration dynamics during events by analyzing and interpreting the nitrogen C–Q relationship in a small Atlantic (NW Iberian Peninsula) rural catchment. To this end, nitrate (NO3-N) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) concentrations were monitored at a high temporal resolution during 102 runoff events over a 6-year period. For each of the selected runoff events, C–Q response was examined visually for the presence and direction of hysteresis loops and classified into three types of responses, namely clockwise, counterclockwise, and no hysteresis. Changes in concentration
(ΔC) and the hysteresis direction (ΔR) were used to quantify nitrogen (NO3- and TKN) patterns during the runoff events. The transport mechanisms varied between compounds. The most frequent hysteretic response for NO3- was counterclockwise with enrichment. On the contrary, the main TKN dynamic was enrichment with clockwise hysteresis. Event characteristics, such as rainfall amount, peak discharge (i.e., maximum discharge of the runoff event), and event magnitude relative to the initial baseflow (i.e., the difference between the maximum discharge of the runoff event and the initial baseflow divided by initial baseflow) provided a better explanation for hysteresis direction and magnitude for TKN than antecedent conditions (antecedent precipitation and baseflow at the beginning of the event). For NO3- hysteresis, the role of hydrometeorological conditions was more complex. The NO3- hysteresis magnitude was related to the magnitude of the event relative to the initial baseflow and the time elapsed since a preceding runoff event. These findings could be used as a reference for the development of N mitigation strategy in the region.
Catchment scale assessment of drought impact on environmental flow in the Indus Basin, Pakistan
Authors: Rahman Khalil Ur , Shang Songhao , Balkhair Khaled Saeed , Gabriel Hamza Farooq , Jadoon Khan Zaib , Zaman Kifayat
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The impact of drought on environmental flow (EF) in 27 catchments of the Indus basin is studied from 1980–2018 using the Indicators of Hydrologic Alterations (IHA). The standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was systematically propagated from one catchment to another using principal component analysis (PCA). Threshold regression is used to determine the severity of drought (scenario-1) and month (scenario-2) that trigger low flows in the Indus Basin. The impact of drought on low EFs is quantified using the Range of variability analysis (RVA). The hydrological alteration factor (HAF) is calculated for each catchment in the Indus basin. The results show that most of the catchments are vulnerable to drought during the periods 1984–1986, 1991/1992, 1997 to 2003, 2007 to 2008, 2012 to 2013, and 2017 to 2018. On a higher time scale (SPEI-12), drought is more severe in Lower Indus Basin (LIB) than in the Upper Indus Basin (UIB). IHA pointed out that drought significantly impacts the distribution of environmental flow components, particularly extreme low flow (ELF) and low flow (LF). The magnitude and frequency of the ELF and LF events increase as drought severity increases. The threshold regression provided useful insights indicating that moderate drought can trigger ELF and LF at shorter time scales (SPEI-1 and SPEI-6) in the UIB and Middle Indus Basin (MIB). Conversely, severe and extreme drought triggers ELF and LF at higher time scales (SPEI-12) in LIB. The threshold regression also divided the entire study period (1980–2018) into different time zones (scenario-2), which is useful in quantifying the impact of drought on low EFs using the SPEI coefficient. Higher SPEI coefficients are observed in LIB, indicating high alterations in EF due to drought. HAF showed high alterations in EF in most of the catchments throughout the year except in August and September. The alterations are subject to several factors, including climate change, seasonality of the river flow, land use changes, topography, and anthropogenic activities. Overall, this study provided useful insights for analyzing the effects of drought on EF, especially during low flows.
The Impact of Credit Risk on the Profitability of Selected Commercial Banks of Bangladesh
Authors: Morshed Bhuiya Md. Monzur , Mahabub Miah Md. , Uddin Chowdhury Tasnim
Published: March 2023

The objective of the study is to find out the impact of credit risk on the profitability of selected commercial banks of Bangladesh. To perform this study, we have selected 10 commercial banks from 61 scheduled commercial banks. The selected banks consist of four categories. Among them, three are state owned banks, three are private owned non Islamic banks, three are private owned Islamic banks and one is specialized commercial bank. To show the impact of credit risk on profitability, we have selected ten variables which are calculated using data collected from 2009 to 2018. Among the ten variables, two variables have been used as dependent variables which include Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA), and among the independent variables include seven bank specific variables and one macroeconomic variable. To find out the result, multiple-regression model has been used and shown the effects of independent variables on ROE & ROA separately. Besides this, an attempt has been made to find out the effect of Basel III on profitability. To show the effect, we have used three years data before Basel III and three years data after Basel III and showed the individual effect on ROE and ROA. The regression result shows that non-performing loan ratio (NPLR), Loan Loss Provision Ratio (LLPR) and macroeconomic variable GDP has a significant negative impact on profitability ratio ROE. The result also shows that Non-performing loan ratio (NPLR), Loan and advance to total deposits ratio (LATD) have a significant impact on profitability ratio Return on Assets(ROA). The regression result for Basel III effect represented that Nonperforming loan has a significant negative impact on Return on Equity (ROE) but this impact is less than that of before Basel III.
The Role of Effectiveness of Emotional Intelligence and Digital Literacy on Creative Thinking Ability and Its Implications for Teacher Performance in Private Vocational High Schools in Pandeglang Regency
Authors: Sangra Dempo Sri Rahayu , Yusuf Furtasan Ali , Nuryanto Uli Wildan
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of effectiveness of emotional intelligence and digital literacy on creative thinking ability and its implications for teacher performance in Private Vocational High Schools in Pandeglang Regency. This type of research uses quantitative research. The research population here is the teachers of Private Vocational High Schools in Pandeglang Regency, totaling 913 people. Based on the calculation of the minimum number of samples to be taken is 248 people. This study uses structural equation modeling (SEM)-partial least square (PLS) analysis techniques. The results of the study show that emotional intelligence has no significant effect on creative thinking ability in Private Vocational High Schools in Pandeglang Regency. Emotional intelligence has a significant effect on teacher performance in Private Vocational High Schools in Pandeglang Regency. Digital literacy has a significant effect on creative thinking ability in Private Vocational High Schools in Pandeglang Regency. Digital literacy has a significant effect on teacher performance in Private Vocational High Schools in Pandeglang Regency. Creative thinking ability has a significant effect on teacher performance in Private Vocational High Schools in Pandeglang Regency. Creative thinking ability is not able to significantly moderate effect of emotional intelligence on teacher performance in Private Vocational High Schools in Pandeglang Regency. Creative thinking ability is able to significantly moderate effect of digital literacy on teacher performance in Private Vocational High Schools in Pandeglang Regency.
Effect of Business Climate on Entrepreneurial Behavior and Its Implications for Performance in Culinary Micro Enterprises, Serang Regency
Authors: Kurniawati Trihana , Suparmoko Muhammad , Nuryanto Uli Wildan , Suseno Bambang Dwi , Basrowi Basrowi
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze effect of business climate on entrepreneurial behavior and its implications for performance in Culinary Micro Enterprises, Serang Regency. This research is a quantitative descriptive research. Population in this study is Culinary Micro Enterprises entrepreneurs, Serang Regency, Banten Province. Sampling technique in this study is to use a saturated sampling technique. Sample of this research is 100 Culinary Micro Enterprises entrepreneurs, Serang Regency, Banten Province. Data analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results of the study show that business climate has no significant effect on entrepreneurial behavior in Culinary Micro Enterprises, Serang Regency. Business climate has no significant effect on performance in Culinary Micro Enterprises, Serang Regency. Entrepreneurial behavior has a significant effect on performance in Culinary Micro Enterprises, Serang Regency. Business climate has no significant effect on performance through entrepreneurial behavior in Culinary Micro Enterprises, Serang Regency.
Stereotypes of Feminine Speech Attributes: A Comparison of Gender-stereotyping versus Self-stereotyping attitudes in Pakistanis Society
Authors: Ghilzai Shazia Akbar , Hayat Khan Shaukat Khan , Sheikh Adnan Rashid
Published: March 2023

This research paper aims to examine gender stereotypes of feminine speech attributes in Pakistani society and to compare gender stereotyping versus self-stereotyping attitudes toward these attributes. A preliminary survey was conducted on a sample of 50 Pakistani adults, from Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad (2022). Participants were asked to rate their agreement or disagreement with the following six feminine speech characteristics: more talkative, show agreement in speech, demand clarification, show surprise, show minimal responses and be more polite in conversation. Results showed that both males and females had a strong agreement that females are more talkative and polite in conversation, while they were less likely to agree that females demand clarification, show surprise, or show minimal responses. In conclusion, this study shows that both gender-stereotyping and self-stereotyping attitudes are present in Pakistani society when it comes to feminine speech attributes.
On the Structural Properties and Some Topological Indices of Young-Fibonacci Graphs
Authors: Zaman Iqra , Bhatti FM
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we study Young Fibonacci graphs Gn, a special family of graphs
that are constructed with the help of integer partitions. Young diagrams are also used in
the construction of graphs. The family of graphs is rich in structure. Thus, we investigate
various properties of the family of graphs which include degree based structure and
topological in-dices. Topological indices like Zagreb Index, Wiener Index, Randic Index
and Connective Eccentricity Index of these graphs are computed. We also study the
eigenvalues and energy of the graph.
DEVELOPING ENGLISH MATERIALS OF MIDWIFERY STUDENTS AT STIKES SUKMA WIJAYA SAMPANG
Authors: Ummul ma'rufa Ika meilinda
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

The demand of qualified midwives in their job field encourages the midwifery academy include English language as the compulsory subject for the students. It is very rare to find the ESP books designed for the students of midwifery. This study is aimed at developing an English material which is specified to the students of Midwifery Academy of Sukma Wijaya Sampang. It was carried out to require the students’ need and interest. It was conducted by using the Research and Development (R & D) design in which the procedures of need assessment, and expert validation were included. The data collection involved a number of instruments, namely questionnaires, interviews, and observation. The questionnaires were applied to the students, and chief of midwifery department on the procedure of need assessment, while the checklist was given to the experts on the process of product validation. All the data were analyzed descriptively and could be concluded that the material was applicable for the students in terms of their attractiveness and appropriateness of the content and level of the difficulty.
ترجمہ و تفسیرِ قرآن میں عربی اسالیب کی چند بڑی دشواریاں اور ان کا حل
Authors: Muhammad Faizan ur Rahman
Published: March 2023

To gain benefit of the exegeses in Arabic language which makes incumbent for the reader to learnt Arabic at high level to understand the Qur’an and other Arabic text. Therefore, in sub-continent, the students of religious institutions read the morphology from different Arabic books like Shāfia by ibn al-Ḥājib, Sharḥ al Jāmī, Hidāyat al-Naḥav, al-Kāfia etc. The matter is quite different now a days espcecially for Qur’anic understanding even among religious scholars. In this article, some difficulties are explored which are faced during the translation of the Holy Qur’an into different languages such as Urdu, English and Pashto that needs to resolve. In Qur’anic verses, the usage of letters and prepositions make difficulties to understand its meaning for non-Arabic people. Few traditional scholars has already mentioned theses difficulties in his work like Shah Walīullah Dehlvī. The best examples are English translation by Arbetrry and Urdu translation by Mufti Taqi Usmani may adopte for Pshto readers.