bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СТРАТЕГІЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ КОНКУРЕНТНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ ІНДУСТРІЇ У ПОВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД
Authors: Єрко І.В.
Published: May 2024

У статті досліджено стратегію трансформації конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії у повоєнний період. Метою дослідження є розробка та реалізація стратегії трансформації конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії у повоєнний період. Основні завдання статті полягають у дослідженні процесного підходу до вибору та реалізації стратегії розвитку конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії та його реалізації у повоєнний період. У дослідженні стратегію розвитку конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії варто розуміти як упорядкований та цілеспрямований план заходів, які враховуючи фазу трансформації направлені на досягнення збалансованості попиту та пропозиції на туристичні послуги. Запропоновано застосувати п’ять етапів до вибору та реалізації стратегії трансформації конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії, а саме: концептуальний, організаційний, аналітичний, рекомендаційний та впроваджувальний. В межах концептуального етапу формується концепція стратегічного розвитку конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії виходячи із аналізу чинних нормативних документів, які регулюють процес вибору та реалізації стратегії трансформації конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії. Організаційний етап передбачає створення робочої групи з розробки стратегії розвитку конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії. Аналітичний етап передбачає проведення аналітичних досліджень конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії, де формується профіль дестинації, здійснюється SWOT-аналіз, виявляються основні проблеми розвитку туристичної індустрії, конкурентні переваги та вузькі місця її розвитку на окремих територіях. Суть впроваджувального етапу полягає у здійснюється обговорення та прийняття стратегії розвитку конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії, моніторинг її реалізації, а також виявлення відхилень в процесі її впровадження. Таким чином, запропонований диференційований підхід до вибору стратегії трансформації конкурентного потенціалу суб’єктів туристичної індустрії дозволить збалансувати інтереси виробників та споживачів туристичних послуг, а відтак забезпечити її стійкість, безпечність та конкурентність.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКОГО ТУРИЗМУ У ПРИФРОНТОВИХ ГРОМАДАХ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Рейманн Март , Корнус Олеся Григорівна , Пацюк Вікторія Сергіївна , Венгерська Наталя Сергіївна , Корнус Анатолій Олександрович
Published: May 2024

Стаття присвячена з’ясуванню перспектив розвитку сільського туризму у прифронтових громадах України в повоєнний час. За результатами анкетування власників туристичного бізнесу, працівників закладів туристичної інфраструктури й атракцій, членів громадських організацій туристичного спрямування та чиновників виконавчої влади, яка координує туристичну діяльність на прифронтових територіях України (Дніпропетровська, Донецька, Запорізька, Сумська та Харківська), з’ясовано основні напрями функціонування сільського туризму. Анкета містила 25 запитань закритого та відкритого типу з використанням інструменту Google-form щодо різних напрямів діяльності туристичного бізнесу та його локації (міська або сільська місцевість). Запитання анкети передбачали з’ясування рівня залученості респондентів до сільського туризму до війни, виявлення їхньої думки щодо видів туризму, які будуть мати попит у їхній громаді після завершення військових дій, перспектив розвитку сільського туризму у прифронтових населених пунктах після закінчення війни. Установлено, що 52,1% респондентів уважають, що сільський туризм як різновид туризму не буде мати попиту після завершення війни. Неперспективним (понад 50% відповідей) сільський туризм уважають опитані із Дніпропетровської та Харківської областей. Лише на думку респондентів із Сумської області, сільський туризм буде мати попит після війни, хоча і в цьому регіоні оптимістами є лише відносна більшість (44,8%) опитаних. У порівняльно-географічному аспекті (міські та сільські жителі) сільський туризм не вважають перспективним після завершення військових дій 67,5% опитаних містян Дніпропетровської області, 63,6% – Запорізької, 60% – Сумської, 66,7% – Харківської, 46,7% – Донецької областей. У сільській місцевості зазначених регіонів перспективним сільський туризм уважають значно більше респондентів (40% опитаних із Дніпропетровської, 33,3% – з Донецької, 75% – із Запорізької, 66,7% – із Сумської, 61,5% – з Харківської областей).
ЕКОЛОГО-ГІДРОХІМІЧНІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПІВДЕННОЇ ДІЛЯНКИ БАЛАХІВСЬКОГО РОДОВИЩА ГРАФІТУ
Authors: Кошлякова Тетяна Олексіївна , Кураєва Ірина Володимирівна , Верховцев Валентин Геннадійович , Тищенко Юрій Євгенович
Published: May 2024

Стаття містить результати моніторингових досліджень, спрямованих на встановлення фонових показників (базового стану) якості поверхневих і підземних вод Південної ділянки Балахівського родовища графіту. Натурні вишукування передбачали відбір зразків води з колодязів і поверхневих водотоків і водойм. Актуальність проведених досліджень полягає в необхідності встановлення фонових значень основних показників хімічного складу природних вод на території потенційного впливу гірничих підприємств. З отриманих результатів проб води можна констатувати, що якість води загалом гірша в досліджених свердловинах в селі Олександрівка, селі Пустельникове, селищі міського типу Балахівка та селі Новий Стародуб, ніж у річці Інгулець і річці Вівнянка й навіть у більшості водойм – як у кар’єрних озерах, так і у ставках-запрудах. Зафіксовано перевищення гранично допустимих концентрацій у поверхневих і підземних водах за такими інгредієнтами: Ca, Mg, SO4, Na, K і Mn. Оцінка якості показала, що обстежені природні води за блоком загальносанітарних показників можна схарактеризувати як «добрі», чисті води прийнятної якості. Встановлена подібність досліджених вод за катіонним складом, натомість в аніонному складі є відмінності: у поверхневих водах переважає сульфат-іон, у підземних водах – гідрокарбонат. Для еколого-геохімічної оцінки якості досліджених підземних вод було застосовано критерій біологічно значущої концентрації (БЗК). Мікроелементний аналіз показав нестачу в підземних водах таких мікроелементів: V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd та Pb. Проведені гідрохімічні дослідження дали змогу встановити фонові показники базового стану якості довкілля обстеженої території. Надалі необхідно проводити моніторингові спостереження за змінами хімічного складу поверхневих і підземних вод Південної ділянки Балахівського родовища графіту під час роботи гірничо-видобувного підприємства.
АНАЛІЗ ПСИХОФІЗІОЛОГІЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ОСІБ, ЯКІ ПЕРЕХВОРІЛИ НА COVID-19
Authors: Ляшенко Валентина Петрівна , Кофан Ірина Миколаївна , Дзюба Тетяна В’ячеславівна
Published: May 2024

Дослідження присвячене вивченню психофізіологічних аспектів в осіб, які перехворіли на COVID-19, і тих, хто отримав вакцину Pfizer. В обстеженні брали участь жінки, середній вік яких становив 47,34 ± 0,66 років. Комплексне дослідження включало аналіз рівня депресії в зазначених вище осіб за методикою «Шкала депресії Бека», виявлення ступеня денної сонливості за діагностичним опитувальником «Шкала сонливості Епворта» й оцінку якості сну протягом останнього місяця за Пітсбурзьким опитувальником якості сну. Результати анкетування та спостережень обстежених щодо їхнього психічного стану, зокрема й рівень депресії та показники якості сну, показали, що захворювання COVID-19 чинить суттєвий вплив на психофізіологічні параметри жінок. Показано, що постковідний синдром спричиняє депресію, втрату інтересу або задоволення, зниження енергії, порушення концентрації уваги, апетиту, якості та кількості сну. Спричинене вірусом порушення імунної системи може сприяти розвитку психопатології через посилення психологічного стресу внаслідок перенесення потенційно смертельної хвороби та стрес-зумовленого запалення. Взаємодія між вродженою й адаптивною імунними системами та нейромедіаторами є механізмом, який лежить в основі розладів настрою, психозів і тривожних розладів. Стрес, який супроводжує хворобу, може призводити до змін у сні та бадьорості під час дня. Зайва енергія в умовах відсутності фізичної активності може поглибити метаболічні порушення, що внаслідок цього підвищує ризик виникнення різних хронічних захворювань. Кишковий мікробіом є потенційно ключовим чинником у розвитку психічних розладів, як-от депресія та тривога, особливо в умовах пандемії. Також наявний взаємозв’язок, де мікробні метаболіти й ендотоксини можуть впливати на легені через кров, запалення в легенях може взаємодіяти з мікробіотою кишечника. Особи, які отримали вакцину, можуть мати більше відчуття безпеки щодо можливості уникнути тяжкого перебігу COVID-19 або передачі вірусу іншим особам. Це може позитивно вплинути на їхній психологічний стан. Результати дослідження можуть бути корисними для лікарів і психологів, щоб покращити підтримку та лікування осіб, які перехворіли на COVID-19, та допомогти їм відновитися після цього захворювання.
CHUỖI LÂY NHIỄM SARS-COV-2 TỪ THỦ THUẬT ĐẶT NỘI KHÍ QUẢN Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH COVID-19
Authors: Nguyễn Thiện Minh , Nguyễn Tuấn , Hoàng Nhật , Nguyễn Minh Trí , La Thị The , Nguyễn Thị Thùy Dung , Lê Thị Anh Thư
Published: May 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Nghiên cứu nhằm mô tả chuỗi lây nhiễm SARS-CoV-2 từ thủ thuật đặt nội khí quản cho người bệnh COVID-19.

Đối tượng - Phương pháp: Thiết kế nghiên cứu mô tả hàng loạt trường hợp nhân viên y tế (NVYT) của bệnh viện Hoàn Mỹ Thủ Đức đã nhiễm SARS-CoV-2 từ một tình huống đặt nội khí quản cho người bệnh COVID-19 vào ngày 02/08/2021.

Kết quả: Chuỗi lây nhiễm gồm 8 NVYT có liên quan đến một tình huống đặt nội khí quản cấp cứu người bệnh, có 5 nhân viên trực tiếp cấp cứu và 3 nhân viên sinh hoạt chung theo ca làm việc. Ngoài 5 NVYT dương tính, có 8 NVYT khác cũng tham gia tình huống cấp cứu nhưng không nhiễm SARS-CoV-2. Tắm và thay đồ bảo hộ sau khi hồi sức cho người bệnh, mang đủ PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), khẩu trang N95, vệ sinh tay thường xuyên có khả năng giảm nguy cơ lây nhiễm trong thời gian làm việc và sinh hoạt chung.

Kết luận: Tầm quan trọng của tuân thủ quy định phòng ngừa kiểm soát lây nhiễm trong các tình huống can thiệp tạo khí dung ở người bệnh COVID-19: giảm số người tham gia, đảm bảo sử dụng khẩu trang N95 đúng quy chuẩn, thực hành rửa tay, thay phương tiện phòng hộ cá nhân ngay sau khi thực hiện thủ thuật tạo khí dung.
Revised molecular phylogenetic analysis of Leucheria Lag. sensu lato (Asteraceae; Nassauvieae) and implications for morphological and ecological evolution
Authors: Hershkovitz Mark
Published: May 2024

In a preceding work, I reanalyzed published ribosomal and plastome DNA sequence data for selected species of Leucheria Lag. and related Nassauvieae (Asteraceae). I reported that the genus Polyachyrus Lag. is phylogenetically nested within Leucheria, hence I transferred species of the former into the latter. I also demonstrated that the monotypic Oxyphyllum Phil. pertains to the Leucheria crown clade, and that the available data do not resolve its relation within this group. The present work analyzes all of the available sequence data for the same loci, viz. the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and plastome (cpDNA) sequences of the rpl32-trnL(UAA) intergenic spacer (rpl32- trnL) and the trnL(UAA) intron plus trnL(UAA)-trnF(GAA) intergenic spacer (trnL-trnF). I report here that the previous phylogenetic analysis of these data was based on an evidently unedited computer- generated multiple sequence alignment of unedited and untrimmed computer-generated chromatograph reads from low quality sequence chromatographs. This yielded a highly erroneous and poorly resolved phylogenetic tree topology whose branch lengths likewise were highly distorted. Nonetheless, in a subsequent phylogenetic comparative analysis of Leucheria morphology and ecology by the same author group, this poorly resolved and erroneous topology and its branch lengths were presumed to be perfectly accurate. Here, I discuss implications of the present results on the interpretation of morphological and ecological evolution and also on the accuracy and integrity of biodiversity research.
Prospects and peculiarities of the existence of the genus Oenothera L. species outside the places of cultivation in Odesa region
Authors: Bondarenko O. , Nazarchuk Yu.
Published: May 2024

Cultivated plant species can often become elements of the spontaneous flora fraction of ecotopes of varying degrees of anthropogenic transformation. An example is representatives of the genus Oenothera. Some of them are able to master extreme man-made ecotopes or take root in natural multi-component coenoses. Work with the species of the genus is complicated, since the issues of their hybridization require additional scientific developments. The species Oenothera biennis and O. rubricaulis are the most common spontaneous elements of the flora on the territory of Ukraine. At the same time, the following species were noted for several regions of the northern and central (sometimes–eastern) parts of Ukraine: O. depressa, O. erythrosepala, O. glazioviana, O. hoelscheri, O. villosa. Some species have a limited distribution: O. missuriensis, O. parviflora, O. pycnocarpa, O. fallax, O. speciosa, O. tetragona, O. wienii. According to modern literary data, information on the distribution of Oenothera species for the Odesa region is either absent or critically scarce. In the herbarium collections of the Odesa National University named after I.I. Mechnikov (MSUD), historical and modern, there are some specimens of representatives of this genus. However, all of them relate mainly to the distribution of Oenothera biennis within the borders of Ukraine, or, occasionally, the adjacent territories. The herbarium also contains specimens of other species, but their identification requires the attention of specialists. Literary summaries which contain information about the species of the Oenothera genus (Oenothera biennis) mainly characterize the centuries-old flora of the Odesa region. In general, there are very few cases of spontaneous growth of Oenothera species found in the South of Ukraine. During the floristic survey of ecotopes below the Dniester–Tyligul interfluve, we found several habitats of Oenothera glazioviana. The ecological conditions of the sites differed significantly. In general, most species of the genus Oenothera do not have a high invasive potential, however, monitoring the establishment of species of the genus in ecotopes with different anthropogenic load is advisablе.
Growth processes of Triticum durum Dest. on the formaldehyde concentration gradient in microcosmic models
Authors: Mudrak O. , Morozova T.
Published: May 2024

Under modern conditions, against the background of military invasion of the Russian Federation in Ukraine, there is an increase in threats to ecological security of the state, including as a result of violation of technological regime of operation of numerous potentially dangerous objects. Particular attention should be paid to such impurities as suspended substances (aerosols, dust), carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, the concentrations of which in the air have been rapidly increasing recently. Formaldehyde is one of the most well-known air pollutants, which is a permanent component of the atmosphere. The average content of formaldehyde in the air in the cities of Ukraine in the pre-war period exceeded the maximum permissible concentration. Its significant growth depends significantly on meteorological conditions. In comparison with other impurities, a clear seasonal dynamics is manifested with an increase in concentration in the summer period. The course of monthly concentrations of formaldehyde varies depending on the air temperature and the intensity of direct solar radiation on a horizontal surface. The article summarizes scientific data on specifics of formaldehyde effect on the growth processes of Triticum durum Dest. Phytotesting was carried out by forming microcultivators and planting calibrated seeds of Favorit wheat in them. The subject of the study was coleoptiles (model objects sensitive to the influence of exogenous factors, separated from three-day-old ethylated seedlings). Based on application of microcosm models method, it is shown inhibition of the growth of the aerial part of T. durum Dest. seedlings on the formaldehyde concentration gradient, which affects the growth rate of coleoptiles. It was established that the growth of coleoptiles decreases with increasing concentration. It is substantiated that the value of the effective concentration (EC50) is 0.875 MPC. Inhibition of T. durum Dest. seed germination at the formaldehyde concentration gradient under the influence of all studied concentrations was shown. The smallest percentage of germinated seeds (5.6%) was found at a concentration that corresponds to the maximum permissible one. The reaction of wheat seeds to the concentration of formaldehyde, corresponding to 0.1 MPC and 2 MPC, was almost the same (28.6% and 30.3%, respectively). The highest percentage of seed germination (82.2%) was observed under the influence of formaldehyde at a concentration of 0.5 MPC.
Symbiotic Futures: Ethical Biodesign Education in the context of the Anthropocene
Authors: Gabrielian Aroussiak
Published: May 2024

From novel coronaviruses to mass species extinction, our existential crisis has forced a radical rethinking of what/how to teach design students increasingly conscious of their environmental legacy. Our collective response to climate stress will require not just innovative tools/technologies, but social and economic transformation – a shift in our thinking about the biophysical world and our role/responsibility in it. The following paper will present an ethical approach to teaching biodesign, underscoring symbiotic fusions as means of confronting environmental challenges within the context of the Anthropocene. Coined by science/technology scholar Donna Haraway in her book Staying with the Trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene (2016), the concept of “oddkin” is defined as the “unexpected collaborations and combinations” of seemingly unrelated things. Similar in concept to “symbiosis,” the biological phenomena in which members of different species live in physical contact, establishing long-term/permanent relationships and two-way dependencies with one another, oddkin is a method of survival in the Anthropocene - one that challenges the human exceptionalism that has gotten us into this mess. Evolutionary biologist Lynn Margulis argued that evolutionary novelties predominantly emerge from such symbiotic alliances. The following paper will explore how ethically-focused biodesign education can embrace such symbiotic unions while highlighting the opportunities it might afford, particularly as it relates to current/impending environmental challenges. The paper will outline a multidisciplinary approach to education/research involving both human and non-human intelligences, highlighting the work of a design lab that integrates biodesign practices, prototyping, futures methodologies, and digital fabrication to develop functional living prototypes.
Amplicon-based metagenomics to study the effect of coir age and wood biochar on microbiome in relation to strawberry yield
Authors: Xu Xiangming , Deakin Greg , Zhao Jingchen , Passey Tom , Papp-Rupar Matevz
Published: May 2024

In the UK, strawberry is mostly grown in coconut coir substrate under protection. Coir substrate is usually used only for one or two cropping seasons because the continuous reuse of coir without any treatment leads to yield decline. In this study, we investigated the changes in bacterial and fungal communities in strawberry roots and bulk coir in relation to (i) the coir substrate age (cropping seasons) and (ii) oak or beech biochar amendment at planting. Coir age did not affect fungal/bacterial alpha (within-sample) diversity but affected beta (between-sample) diversity. Amendment with either oak or beech biochar did not lead to significant changes in either alpha or beta diversity for both fungi and bacteria, but it did alter the relative abundance of 13 fungal ASVs. This study identified six bacterial and 20 fungal ASVs with a significant positive linear relationship with coir age and also eight bacterial and 22 fungal ASVs with a significant negative linear relationship with coir age. Notably, the observed strawberry yield decline in reused coir substrate could be associated with a generalist root pathogen,Ilyonectria destructans(ex.Cylindrocarpon destructans), of which the abundance increased annually by 225% and 426% in strawberry root and bulk coir, respectively. Future research is needed to confirm the role ofI. destructansin reused coir on strawberry plant health and fruit productivity and then to identify management strategies for yield decline mitigation.
ZebraReg—a novel platform for discovering regulators of cardiac regeneration using zebrafish
Authors: Apolínová Kateřina , Pérez Ferran Arqué , Dyballa Sylvia , Coppe Benedetta , Mercader Huber Nadia , Terriente Javier , Di Donato Vincenzo
Published: May 2024

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide with myocardial infarction being the most prevalent. Currently, no cure is available to either prevent or revert the massive death of cardiomyocytes that occurs after a myocardial infarction. Adult mammalian hearts display a limited regeneration capacity, but it is insufficient to allow complete myocardial recovery. In contrast, the injured zebrafish heart muscle regenerates efficiently through robust proliferation of pre-existing myocardial cells. Thus, zebrafish allows its exploitation for studying the genetic programs behind cardiac regeneration, which may be present, albeit dormant, in the adult human heart. To this end, we have established ZebraReg, a novel and versatile automated platform for studying heart regeneration kinetics after the specific ablation of cardiomyocytes in zebrafish larvae. In combination with automated heart imaging, the platform can be integrated with genetic or pharmacological approaches and used for medium-throughput screening of presumed modulators of heart regeneration. We demonstrate the versatility of the platform by identifying both anti- and pro-regenerative effects of genes and drugs. In conclusion, we present a tool which may be utilised to streamline the process of target validation of novel gene regulators of regeneration, and the discovery of new drug therapies to regenerate the heart after myocardial infarction.
Asymmetric aza-Henry reaction toward trifluoromethyl β-nitroamines and biological investigation of their adamantane-type derivatives
Authors: Ren Yi , Du Mengyuan , Peng Ziyu , Zheng Changwu , Zhao Gang
Published: May 2024

Amino acid-derived quaternary ammonium salts were successfully applied in the asymmetric aza-Henry reaction of nitromethane to N-Boc trifluoromethyl ketimines. α-Trifluoromethyl β-nitroamines were synthesized in good to excellent yields with moderate to good enantioselectivities. This reaction is distinguished by its mild conditions, low catalyst loading (1 mol%), and catalytic base. It also proceeded on a gram scale without loss of enantioselectivity. The products were transformed to a series of adamantane-type compounds containing chiral trifluoromethylamine fragments. The potent anticancer activities of these compounds against liver cancer HepG2 and melanoma B16F10 were evaluated. Six promising compounds with notable efficacy have potential for further development.
Unlocking the antiviral potential of rosmarinic acid against chikungunya virus via IL-17 signaling pathway
Authors: Liao Xinfei , Xin Jialiang , Yu Ziping , Yan Weiming , Li Chenghui , Cao Liang , Zhang He , Wang Wei
Published: May 2024

Background

The Chikungunya virus is an Alphavirus that belongs to the Togaviridae family and is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes. It causes acute infection characterized by fever, headache, and arthralgia. Some patients also experience persistent chronic osteoarthritis-like symptoms. Dedicated antiviral treatments are currently unavailable for CHIKV. This study aims to explore the potential anti-CHIKV effect of rosmarinic acid using network pharmacology.

Methods

This study employed network pharmacology to predict and verify the molecular targets and pathways associated with ROSA in the context of CHIKV. The analysis outcomes were further validated using molecular docking and in vitro experiments.

Results

The analysis of CHIKV targets using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and MCODE identified IL-17 as an important pathogenic pathway in CHIKV infection. Among the 30 targets of ROSA against CHIKV, nearly half were found to be involved in the IL-17 signaling pathway. This suggests that ROSA may help the host in resisting CHIKV invasion by modulating this pathway. Molecular docking validation results showed that ROSA can stably bind to 10 core targets out of the 30 identified targets. In an in vitro CHIKV infection model developed using 293T cells, treatment with 60 μM ROSA significantly improved the survival rate of infected cells, inhibited 50% CHIKV proliferation after CHIKV infection, and reduced the expression of TNF-α in the IL-17 signaling pathway.

Conclusion

This study provides the first confirmation of the efficacy of ROSA in suppressing CHIKV infection through the IL-17 signaling pathway. The findings warrant further investigation to facilitate the development of ROSA as a potential treatment for CHIKV infection.
Yoga improves self-reported cognitive function among cancer survivors: results from the STAYFit trial
Authors: Gothe Neha P. , Erlenbach Emily , Salerno Elizabeth A.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Various physical activity-based interventions have been tested to determine their efficacy in improving cancer related cognitive decline (CRCD), however the role of mind-body practices such as yoga remains to be explored. In this manuscript we present preliminary effects of yoga vs. aerobic and stretching-toning modalities of exercise on CRCD among adult cancer survivors.

Methods

Participants (N = 78) were randomized to one of the three exercise groups for a duration of 12-weeks and engaged in ≥150 min per week of supervised group exercises. At baseline and following the 12-week interventions, participants completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Cognitive Function.

Results

Results demonstrated a significant group*time interaction for FACT-Cog perceived cognitive abilities subscale, with participants in the yoga group demonstrating a significant increase as compared to the aerobic and stretching-toning groups. The FACT-Cog total score showed a significant time effect with all groups demonstrating a significant increase at follow-up. Other subscales did not show any significant improvements.

Discussion

These findings provide promising evidence for the effects of yoga on self-reported cognitive function in cancer survivors. Notably, 12-weeks of yoga showed an increase in the perceived cognitive abilities and demonstrated a clinically meaningful increase in total cognitive function as measured by the FACT-Cog, suggesting that this exercise modality has the potential to impact this important health outcome during cancer survivorship.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03650322.
Contextual cueing—Eye movements in rotated and recombined displays
Authors: Zheng Lei , Marek Nico , Melnik Natalia , Pollmann Stefan
Published: May 2024

Contextual cueing leads to improved efficiency in visual search resulting from the extraction of spatial regularities in repeated visual stimuli. Previous research has demonstrated the independent contributions of global configuration and spatial position to contextual cueing. The present study aimed to investigate whether learned spatial configuration or individual locations would elicit fixation patterns resembling those observed in the original displays. We found that search guidance based on either local or global spatial context, by combining distractor locations from two learned displays or rotating displays, kept not only search time facilitation intact, in agreement with previous studies, but also enabled search with less fixations and more direct scan paths to the target. Fixation distribution maps of recombined or rotated displays were more similar to the original displays than random new displays. However, for rotated displays this was only true when the rotation angle was taken into account. Overall, this shows an astonishingly flexible use of the oculomotor system for search in incompletely repeated displays.
The impact of precipitation changes on the safety of railway operations in China under the background of climate change
Authors: Jiang Ying , Chen Zhongyu , Wang Yuhong , Gao Jingjing , Zhang Xiaomei , Hu Ruoyu , Wu Hao
Published: May 2024

Global climate change has intensified the water cycle, leading to frequent extreme precipitation events, posing a significant threat to railway infrastructure and safety operations. Based on the analysis of past and future precipitation changes in China, this study investigates the impact of climate change on railway safety operations. The study reveals the following findings: (1) Under the influence of the intensified East Asian summer monsoon and the northward shift of the subtropical high during the 2017–2021 compared to the 2012–2016, precipitation has significantly decreased (120 mm) in the regions south of the Yangtze River and South China, while it has increased (60 mm) in the regions from the eastern of Northwest China to the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River; The operational precipitation risk has decreased for Urumqi, Lanzhou, Qinghai-Tibet Group, Xi’an, and Wuhan railway bureaus (abbreviated as Bureau), while it has increased for Nanchang, Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Shanghai, and Shenyang Bureaus. Particularly noteworthy is that despite a decrease in total annual precipitation for Nanchang bureau (15.3 mm/a), the frequency of intense precipitation events has increased, leading to an increased operational precipitation risk. (2) During the 21st century, under high (SSP5-8.5), medium (SSP2-4.5), and low (SSP1-2.6) forcing scenarios, all projections indicate that most of the China will experience an increasing trend in precipitation, with significant increases in precipitation observed in the regions south of the Yangtze Rive, South and Southwest China. The higher the greenhouse gas emissions, the more pronounced the increasing trend in precipitation. (3) Compared to the 20th century, under high (SSP5-8.5), medium (SSP2-4.5), and low (SSP1-2.6) forcing scenarios, all projections indicate that the total annual precipitation hours, railway inspection, speed limit, and closure risk hours have all increased on a national scale during the 21st century. The operational precipitation risk for railways has also increased. The higher the alert level for railway precipitation (precipitation < inspection < speed limit < closure), the higher the proportion of risk hours compared to the 20th century. By the late 21st century, the railway inspection, speed limit, and closure risk hours have increased by 175%, 463%, and 647%, respectively, compared to the 20th century.
Impact of COVID-19 on the primary level teaching-learning process in rural India
Authors: Vivek S. , Rangasami P.
Published: May 2024

Purpose

COVID-19 outbreak impacts people globally. It is not simply a global health matter; it has a terrible influence on the social life of humans, counting the worldwide education structure and other phases of present social configurations. Therefore, the present study's objective is to identify the impact of COVID-19 on the online education approach in teachers' perceptions.

Methodology

The study performs a mixed research approach for evaluating the teachers' perspectives in the online education system. The quantitative data are collected with the support of a questionnaire from 175 respondents (Public School teachers), and in-depth telephonic interviews are conducted among 25 schoolteachers using a semi-structured questionnaire for qualitative data. The quantitative analysis is performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), and the qualitative analysis is coded and analyzed thematically.

Findings

The quantitative results show that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the online teaching method; teachers' adaptation here seems low. In contrast, communication with school leaders is provided a clear view of online teaching methods. The key findings from the qualitative analysis show that the adaptation online education system is complex owing to various struggles. Some institutions facilitate training sessions to teach in a range of adopting the online education system. Finally, the teachers need help making students actively participate in online classes.

Discussion

The study conducts original survey through both interview and questionnaire. The results are determined through thematic and data analysis.
Entrepreneurial thinking and Education 4.0 in communities with development gaps: an approach through the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Leiva-Lugo Lorena , Álvarez-Icaza Inés , López-Hernández Francisco Javier , Miranda Jhonattan
Published: May 2024

Entrepreneurial thinking is considered a desirable competency in the profile of today’s professionals because it includes sub-competencies that strengthen individuals’ leadership capacity and stimulate the development of creative solutions that present a high impact on society. However, it has been detected that disadvantaged communities located in areas with underdeveloped conditions and rural areas present a significant disparity in access to training models, current infrastructure, and activities that promote entrepreneurship compared to developed communities frequently found in large cities. Through a comparative analysis with quantitative methods, we seek to argue the need that these types of communities have. In addition, the design of a training model based on the design framework for Education 4.0 is presented; this training model seeks to train in the sub-competences of entrepreneurial thinking using the “push and pull” technique with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as its central axis. This seeks to close the existing gap, provide affordable resources to these types of disadvantaged communities, and, at the same time, promote local solutions through the SDGs. The study is conducted in the eastern region of Michoacán, Mexico, and will present the preliminary results.
Unveiling the molecular complexity of proliferative diabetic retinopathy through scRNA-seq, AlphaFold 2, and machine learning
Authors: Wang Jun , Sun Hongyan , Mou Lisha , Lu Ying , Wu Zijing , Pu Zuhui , Yang Ming-ming
Published: May 2024

Background

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), a major cause of blindness, is characterized by complex pathogenesis. This study integrates single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), machine learning, and AlphaFold 2 methods to explore the molecular level of PDR.

Methods

We analyzed scRNA-seq data from PDR patients and healthy controls to identify distinct cellular subtypes and gene expression patterns. NMF was used to define specific transcriptional programs in PDR. The oxidative stress-related genes (ORGs) identified within Meta-Program 1 were utilized to construct a predictive model using twelve machine learning algorithms. Furthermore, we employed AlphaFold 2 for the prediction of protein structures, complementing this with molecular docking to validate the structural foundation of potential therapeutic targets. We also analyzed protein−protein interaction (PPI) networks and the interplay among key ORGs.

Results

Our scRNA-seq analysis revealed five major cell types and 14 subcell types in PDR patients, with significant differences in gene expression compared to those in controls. We identified three key meta-programs underscoring the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of PDR. Three critical ORGs (ALKBH1, PSIP1, and ATP13A2) were identified, with the best-performing predictive model demonstrating high accuracy (AUC of 0.989 in the training cohort and 0.833 in the validation cohort). Moreover, AlphaFold 2 predictions combined with molecular docking revealed that resveratrol has a strong affinity for ALKBH1, indicating its potential as a targeted therapeutic agent. PPI network analysis, revealed a complex network of interactions among the hub ORGs and other genes, suggesting a collective role in PDR pathogenesis.

Conclusion

This study provides insights into the cellular and molecular aspects of PDR, identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets using advanced technological approaches.
Research on technical cooperation path of renewable energy between China and South Africa
Authors: Yan Xiaohong , Tian Xiaoyi , Li Hui , Guo Hongli
Published: May 2024

South Africa possesses extremely rich renewable energy resources, including solar energy and wind energy, in spite of this, South Africa traditionally relies on coal as its primary energy source. Recently, South Africa confronted with severe electricity shortage. With pressure of power shortage and the transition to low-carbon energy, South Africa has been actively promoting the development of renewable energy, aiming to diversify its energy structure. China, as the world’s leading country in the development and utilization of renewable energy, has long been committed to helping South Africa achieve renewable energy development. This article reviews the cooperation progress between China and South Africa in renewable energy, and provides an in-depth analysis of the challenges currently faced by both sides. To address such challenges, it is suggested to strengthen the design of top-level cooperation mechanisms, create diverse collaboration platforms, prioritize the exchange and collaboration of scientific talents. This paper aims to provide a typical reference for deepening renewable energy cooperation between China and South Africa.
Deciphering genetic factors contributing to enhanced resistance against Cercospora leaf blight in soybean (Glycine max L.) using GWAS analysis
Authors: Patel Jinesh , Allen Tom W. , Buckley Blair , Chen Pengyin , Clubb Michael , Mozzoni Leandro A. , Orazaly Moldir , Florez Liliana , Moseley David , Rupe John C. , Shrestha Bishnu K. , Price Paul P. , Ward Brian M. , Koebernick Jenny
Published: May 2024

Cercospora leaf blight (CLB), caused by Cercospora cf. flagellaris, C. kikuchii, and C. cf. sigesbeckiae, is a significant soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] disease in regions with hot and humid conditions causing yield loss in the United States and Canada. There is limited information regarding resistant soybean cultivars, and there have been marginal efforts to identify the genomic regions underlying resistance to CLB. A Genome-Wide Association Study was conducted using a diverse panel of 460 soybean accessions from maturity groups III to VII to identify the genomic regions associated to the CLB disease. These accessions were evaluated for CLB in different regions of the southeastern United States over 3 years. In total, the study identified 99 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) associated with the disease severity and 85 SNPs associated with disease incidence. Across multiple environments, 47 disease severity SNPs and 23 incidence SNPs were common. Candidate genes within 10 kb of these SNPs were involved in biotic and abiotic stress pathways. This information will contribute to the development of resistant soybean germplasm. Further research is warranted to study the effect of pyramiding desirable genomic regions and investigate the role of identified genes in soybean CLB resistance.
The functions and mechanisms of RNA modification in prostate: Current status and future perspectives
Authors: Zhang Zhijin , Liu Ji , Wu Yang , Gu Zhuoran , Zou Libin , Liu Yingdi , Geng Jiang , Mao Shiyu , Luo Ming , Guo Changcheng , Zhang Wentao , Yao Xudong
Published: May 2024

The increasing incidence and mortality of prostate cancer worldwide significantly impact the life span of male patients, emphasizing the urgency of understanding its pathogenic mechanism and associated molecular changes that regulate tumor progression for effective prevention and treatment. RNA modification, an important post-transcriptional regulatory process, profoundly influences tumor cell growth and metabolism, shaping cell fate. Over 170 RNA modification methods are known, with prominent research focusing on N6-methyladenosine, N7-methylguanosine, N1-methyladenosine, 5-methylcytidine, pseudouridine, and N4-acetylcytidine modifications. These alterations intricately regulate coding and non-coding RNA post-transcriptionally, affecting the stability of RNA and protein expression levels. This article delves into the latest advancements and challenges associated with various RNA modifications in prostate cancer tumor cells, tumor microenvironment, and core signaling molecule androgen receptors. It aims to provide new research targets and avenues for molecular diagnosis, treatment strategies, and improvement of the prognosis in prostate cancer.
MiR-146a alleviates inflammatory bowel disease in mice through systematic regulation of multiple genetic networks
Authors: Zhu Fengting , Yang Taotan , Ning Mengmeng , Liu Yang , Xia Wei , Fu Yan , Wen Ting , Zheng Mei , Xia Ruilong , Qian Ran , Li Yang , Sun Minxuan , Liu Jianping , Tian Li , Zhou Qian , Yu Xin , Peng Changgeng
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease involving multiple genes, and the current available targeted drugs for IBD only deliver moderate efficacy. Whether there is a single gene that systematically regulates IBD is not yet known. MiR-146a plays a pivotal role in repression of innate immunity, but its function in the intestinal inflammation is sort of controversy, and the genetic regulatory networks regulated by miR-146a in IBD has not been revealed.

Methods

RT-qPCR was employed to detect the expression of miR-146a in IBD patients and in a mouse IBD model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and then we generated a miR-146a knock-out mouse line with C57/Bl6N background. The disease activity index was scored in DSS-treated miR-146a deficiency mice and their wild type (WT) littermates. Bulk RNA-sequencing, RT-qPCR and immunostaining were done to illustrate the downstream genetic regulatory networks of miR-146a in flamed colon. Finally, the modified miR-146a mimics were used to treat DSS-induced IBD in miR-146a knock-out and WT IBD mice.

Results

We showed that the expression of miR-146a in the colon was elevated in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD mice and patients with IBD. DSS induced dramatic body weight loss and more significant rectal bleeding, shorter colon length, and colitis in miR-146a knock-out mice than WT mice. The miR-146a mimics alleviated DSS-induced symptoms in both miR-146a-/- and WT mice. Further RNA sequencing illustrated that the deficiency of miR-146a de-repressed majority of DSS-induced IBD-related genes that cover multiple genetic regulatory networks in IBD, and supplementation with miR-146a mimics inhibited the expression of many IBD-related genes. Quantitative RT-PCR or immunostaining confirmed that Ccl3, Saa3, Csf3, Lcn2, Serpine1, Serpine2, MMP3, MMP8, MMP10, IL1A, IL1B, IL6, CXCL2, CXCL3, S100A8, S100A9, TRAF6, P65, p-P65, and IRAK1 were regulated by miR-146a in DSS induced IBD. Among them, MMP3, MMP10, IL6, IL1B, S100A8, S100A9, SERPINE1, CSF3, and IL1A were involved in the active stage of IBD in humans.

Discussion

Our date demonstrated that miR-146a acts as a top regulator in C57/BL6N mice to systematically repress multiple genetic regulatory networks involved in immune response of intestine to environment factors, and combinatory treatment with miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p mimics attenuates DSS-induced IBD in mice through down-regulating multiple genetic regulatory networks which were increased in colon tissue from IBD patients. Our findings suggests that miR-146a is a top inhibitor of IBD, and that miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p mimics might be potential drug for IBD.
Hypoxia-inducible factor in breast cancer: role and target for breast cancer treatment
Authors: Zhi Shijiao , Chen Chen , Huang Hanlin , Zhang Zhengfu , Zeng Fancai , Zhang Shujun
Published: May 2024

Globally, breast cancer stands as the most prevalent form of cancer among women. The tumor microenvironment of breast cancer often exhibits hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, a transcription factor, is found to be overexpressed and activated in breast cancer, playing a pivotal role in the anoxic microenvironment by mediating a series of reactions. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha is involved in regulating downstream pathways and target genes, which are crucial in hypoxic conditions, including glycolysis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. These processes significantly contribute to breast cancer progression by managing cancer-related activities linked to tumor invasion, metastasis, immune evasion, and drug resistance, resulting in poor prognosis for patients. Consequently, there is a significant interest in Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha as a potential target for cancer therapy. Presently, research on drugs targeting Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha is predominantly in the preclinical phase, highlighting the need for an in-depth understanding of HIF-1α and its regulatory pathway. It is anticipated that the future will see the introduction of effective HIF-1α inhibitors into clinical trials, offering new hope for breast cancer patients. Therefore, this review focuses on the structure and function of HIF-1α, its role in advancing breast cancer, and strategies to combat HIF-1α-dependent drug resistance, underlining its therapeutic potential.