bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of ferroptosis inhibitors in a murine model of acetaminophen‐induced liver injury
Authors: Adelusi Olamide B. , Etemadi Yasaman , Akakpo Jephte Y. , Ramachandran Anup , Jaeschke Hartmut
Published: July 2024

Liver injury caused by acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the leading cause of acute liver failure in western countries. The mode of APAP‐induced cell death has been controversially discussed with ferroptosis emerging as a more recent hypothesis. Ferroptosis is characterized by ferrous iron‐catalyzed lipid peroxidation (LPO) causing cell death, which can be prevented by the lipophilic antioxidants ferrostatin‐1 and UAMC‐3203. To assess the efficacy of these ferroptosis inhibitors, we used two murine models of APAP hepatotoxicity, APAP overdose alone or in combination with FeSO4 in fasted male C57BL/6J mice. APAP triggered severe liver injury in the absence of LPO measured as hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In contrast, ferrous iron co‐treatment aggravated APAP‐induced liver injury and caused extensive LPO. Standard doses of ferrostatin‐1 did not affect MDA levels or the injury in both models. In contrast, UAMC‐3203 partially protected in both models and reduced LPO in the presence of ferrous iron. However, UAMC‐3203 attenuated the translocation of phospho‐JNK through downregulation of the mitochondrial anchor protein Sab resulting in reduced mitochondrial dysfunction and liver injury. Thus, APAP toxicity does not involve ferroptosis under normal conditions. The lack of effects of ferroptosis inhibitors in the pathophysiology indicates that ferroptosis signaling pathways are not relevant therapeutic targets.
Understanding futility in pancreaticoduodenectomy: Insights from a national cohort
Authors: Marcinak Clayton T. , Ahmed Kaleem S. , LoConte Noelle K. , Praska Corinne E. , Varley Patrick R. , Weber Sharon M. , Abbott Daniel E. , Ronnekleiv‐Kelly Sean M. , Kratz Jeremy D. , Lubner Sam J. , Minter Rebecca M. , Zafar Syed Nabeel
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives

Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), the only surgical option for right‐sided pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), carries significant morbidity. Not all patients may be deriving a survival benefit from this operation. We sought to identify the rate of futile PD and its associated factors in a large national cohort.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis using the National Cancer Database (2004–2020), including all patients who underwent PD for non‐metastatic PDAC. The primary outcome was operative futility, which was defined as death within 12 months of diagnosis despite PD. Multivariable regression was used to identify factors associated with futility. We performed a subgroup analysis on patients who received neoadjuvant systemic therapy.

Results

Data from 66 326 patients were analyzed, and 16 772 (25.3%) underwent PD that met criteria for futility. Macroscopically positive margins (odds ratio [OR]: 2.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.36–3.48), poor tumor differentiation (OR: 2.44; 95% CI: 2.25–2.65), and N2 nodal stage (OR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.98–2.20) were associated with the greatest odds of futility. Meanwhile, receipt of any systemic therapy (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.31–0.34), receipt of any radiation (OR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.57–0.63), and receipt of neoadjuvant systemic therapy (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.57–0.66) were associated with the lowest odds of futility. In the neoadjuvant subgroup, a longer diagnosis‐to‐surgery interval was associated with lower odds of futility.

Conclusion

PD was futile in about one quarter of patients. Futility was associated with higher age and worse tumor biology. Receipt of neoadjuvant therapy resulted in fewer futile operations.
Exploring the evolutionary patterns of urban tourist mobility within a day: A three‐step analysis framework
Authors: Huang Liyao , Li Mengling , Zheng Weimin , Gao Shengnan
Published: July 2024

Despite the importance of tourist mobility for urban tourism, mechanisms as to how these tourist activities shift throughout the day remain scarcely explored. This study fills this gap by providing a three‐step analysis framework. First, aggregated trajectory data were transformed into a directed weighted network. Then, a new community detection method was proposed to capture the spatial interactions, and two approaches were employed to quantify the evolution patterns of tourist mobility. Finally, the capability of the framework and its potential applications were explored and implemented through a case study in Xiamen, China.
Utility of laryngeal electromyography for establishing prognosis and individualized treatment after laryngeal neuropathies
Authors: Smith Libby J. , Munin Michael C.
Published: July 2024

Laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) is a technique used to characterize neuropathic injuries to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and superior laryngeal nerve (SLN). The RLN and SLN innervate the laryngeal muscles to produce vocal fold (VF) motion and elongation, respectively. VF motion deficiencies can affect voice, swallowing, and breathing, which can greatly affect a patient's quality of life. Neuropathy‐related VF motion deficiencies most often result from surgical interventions to the skull base, neck, or chest likely due to the circuitous route of the RLN. LEMG is ideally conducted by an electromyographer and an otolaryngologist using a team‐approach. LEMG is a powerful diagnostic tool to better characterize the extent of neuropathic injury and thus clarify the prognosis for VF motion recovery. This updated review discusses current techniques to improve the positive and negative predictive values of LEMG using laryngeal synkinesis and quantitative LEMG. Synkinesis can be diagnosed by comparing motor unit potential amplitude during vocalization and sniff maneuvers when recording within adductor muscles. Quantitative turns analysis can measure motor unit recruitment to avoid subjective descriptions of reduced depolarization during vocalization, and normal values are >400 turns/s. By integrating qualitative, quantitative, and synkinetic data, a robust prognosis can help clinicians determine if VF weakness will recover. Based on LEMG interpretation, patient‐centered treatment can be developed to include watchful waiting, temporary VF augmentation, or definitive medialization procedures and laryngeal reinnervation.
Impact of suppliers' risk aversions on information sharing in a hybrid E‐commerce supply chain
Authors: Chen Danna , Zhu Ying , Lin Xiaogang , Lin Qiang , Chen Ying‐Ju
Published: July 2024

In practice, suppliers sell their products through online intermediaries who sell them to customers (reselling) or directly access customers via intermediaries by paying a proportional fee (agency selling). Unlike giant intermediaries, these suppliers have smaller scales and are more risk‐averse. Motivated by practical examples, this paper studies these intermediaries' incentives for vertical demand information sharing with their suppliers. We develop a game‐theoretic model to consider a hybrid e‐commerce supply chain with a risk‐neutral intermediary and two risk‐averse suppliers, where one supplier (agency supplier) adopts agency selling while the other supplier (reselling supplier) employs reselling. As a benchmark, we show that it is beneficial for the intermediary to share all (no) information with both risk‐neutral suppliers if the proportional fee is relatively high (low). However, we find that suppliers' risk aversion is a key factor leading to supply chain members' pricing decisions being influenced by the precision of the demand information. This influence impacts the double marginalization effect and further changes the intermediary's information‐sharing decisions. Specifically, the intermediary should disclose part rather than all of its information to both risk‐averse suppliers if the proportional fee is high (intermediate) in a weakly (highly) competitive market environment. Finally, when the reselling supplier's sensitivity to risk is sufficiently high (low) relative to the agency supplier's sensitivity to risk, we observe that the intermediary is less (more) willing to share information.
The association between lipoprotein(a) levels and ischemic stroke in children: A case–control study
Authors: de Boer Lotte M. , Wiegman Albert , van Gemert Robert L. A. , Hutten Barbara A. , Klaassen Irene L. M.
Published: July 2024

Background

Pediatric arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) is a rare disorder, associated with severe morbidity. In adults, elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), a cholesterol‐like particle, is associated with ischemic stroke. However, data on Lp(a) and pediatric AIS are scarce. Therefore, we evaluated the association between Lp(a) levels and pediatric AIS.

Methods

We included children who suffered an AIS (≤18 years) and were treated in a tertiary center in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Two groups of children with AIS were identified: (i) neonates and (ii) children older than 29 days. A case–control study was performed, with the latter group as cases and children without AIS as control group. Cases and controls were matched for age of Lp(a) testing and sex. Multivariable logistic regression models were used.

Results

Thirteen neonates and 23 children were included. Mean (SD) age of AIS was 0.6 (2.0) days and 9.2 (6.3) years, respectively. Children with AIS were matched to 62 controls. Lp(a) levels of greater than 50 mg/dL were more prevalent in children with AIS compared to controls (21.7% vs. 3.2%, p = .02). A significant association was found between Lp(a) and AIS (odds ratio [OR] adjusted for age at Lp(a) testing, body mass index [BMI], measurement assay: 1.36 per 10 mg/dL increase of Lp(a), 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.82, p = .041).

Conclusions

In this study, Lp(a) levels were positively associated with the risk of AIS in children, suggesting that high Lp(a) might be an independent risk factor for AIS. This underlines the importance of Lp(a) measurement in children with AIS.
Enhanced Efficiency of Thin‐Film Solar Cells via Cation‐Substituted Kesterite Absorber Layers and Nontoxic Buffers: A Numerical Study
Authors: Gururajan Balaji , Posha Atheek , Liu Wei‐Sheng , Kondapavuluri Bhavya , Abhishek Tarikallu Thippesh , Thathireddy Perumal , Narasihman Venkatesh
Published: July 2024

Herein, the 1D Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator software is used to perform numerical analysis of thin‐film solar cells with Cu2ZnSnS4, Cu2BaSnS4, Cu2FeSnS4, and Cu2MnSnS4 absorber layers. The main goal is to investigate the impact of parameters, such as absorber layer thickness, acceptor density, buffer layer, bandgap, and donor density, on the efficiency of these solar cells. The absorber layer investigation entails varying the thickness and the acceptor density to evaluate their influence on the efficiency of the solar cell. A new zinc oxide sulfide (Zn(O,S)) buffer layer is also introduced instead of the conventional cadmium sulfide (CdS) buffer layer. The Zn(O,S) bandgap and its donor density, which are investigated in terms of how they affect the efficiency of the solar cells, have been varied. The optimal values for the thickness of the absorber layer, acceptor density, and the bandgap of the buffer layer are calculated. Subsequently, the donor density is evaluated to find any potential defects that may affect the efficiency of the solar cell. These results confirm that Zn(O,S) can be utilized as a buffer layer. This study concludes that Cu2ZnSnS4, Cu2BaSnS4, and Cu2MnSnS4 absorber layers have superior efficiency in comparison with Cu2FeSnS4.
The latest research progress on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Feng Tong , Ou Qiong
Published: July 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is the most common subtype of sleep‐disordered breathing, characterized by symptoms such as snoring, nocturnal sleep disturbances, and excessive daytime sleepiness. OSAHS is defined by recurrent upper airway collapses during sleep, leading to apneas or hypopneas. These episodes result in intermittent nocturnal hypoxia and sleep fragmentation, which provoke sympathetic activation, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation, ultimately causing chronic damage across multiple bodily systems. OSAHS significantly increases the risk of various cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. In China, approximately 176 million individuals are estimated to have OSAHS, with about 60 million experiencing moderate to severe forms of the condition. This paper reviews the epidemiological characteristics of OSAHS, the evolution of diagnostic criteria, and the association between OSAHS and metabolic syndrome (MetS), emphasizing the high prevalence of MetS among OSAHS patients. Through cross‐sectional analysis, cohort studies, and interventional studies, the complex interactions between OSAHS and MetS are examined, proposing therapeutic strategies to improve these metabolic anomalies, including continuous positive airway pressure therapy and weight management.
Impact of state and trait emotion regulation on daily emotional exhaustion among Korean school counsellors
Authors: Lim Hajin , Jang Gi‐Eun , Park Gippeum , Lee Hayeon , Lee Sang Min
Published: July 2024

School counsellors in South Korea face significant emotional exhaustion due to their challenging occupational environment. Previous studies have shown that cognitive reappraisal (CR) reduces emotional exhaustion, whereas expressive suppression (ES) increases it. However, these findings predominantly rely on trait questionnaires within cross‐sectional approaches, overlooking the dynamic nature of emotion regulation (ER) strategy selection. Individuals may choose strategies that deviate from their general tendencies based on situational demands. There is limited empirical knowledge regarding the interaction between trait and state regulation strategies and their influence on exhaustion. Utilizing the strategy‐situation fit hypothesis, this study examines the context‐specific effects of ER strategies, considering both situational contexts and individual response tendencies. A multilevel analysis was performed to examine the influence of state and trait ER strategies on daily emotional exhaustion. A daily diary study was conducted for 5 days with 111 Korean school counsellors. Daily CR was associated with lower daily exhaustion and daily ES predicted higher daily exhaustion. Contrastingly, none of the trait ER strategies had an impact on daily exhaustion, but the trait level of both strategies significantly moderated the relationship between daily CR and exhaustion. The positive impact of daily CR was more pronounced in school counsellors who often utilized suppression strategies, and this impact was also evident in trait reappraisal. Re‐evaluating daily emotions instead of suppressing them may assist in coping with emotional exhaustion caused by work. The effectiveness of these strategies may vary based on an individual's inclination to regulate emotions as state and trait. ER may aid in implementing preventive interventions for school counsellors experiencing emotional exhaustion.
Strong yet Tough Catalyst‐Free Transesterification Vitrimer with Excellent Fire‐Retardancy, Durability, and Closed‐Loop Recyclability
Authors: Ye Guofeng , Huo Siqi , Wang Cheng , Zhang Qi , Wang Hao , Song Pingan , Liu Zhitian
Published: July 2024

Despite great advances in vitrimer, it remains highly challenging to achieve a property portfolio of excellent mechanical properties, desired durability, and high fire safety. Thus, a catalyst‐free, closed‐loop recyclable transesterification vitrimer (TPN1.50) with superior mechanical properties, durability, and fire retardancy is developed by introducing a rationally designed tertiary amine/phosphorus‐containing reactive oligomer (TPN) into epoxy resin (EP). Because of strong covalent interactions between TPN and EP and its linear oligomer structure, as‐prepared TPN1.50 achieves a tensile strength of 86.2 MPa and a toughness of 6.8 MJ m−3, superior to previous vitrimer counterparts. TPN1.50 containing 1.50 wt% phosphorus shows desirable fire retardancy, including a limiting oxygen index of 35.2% and a vertical burning (UL‐94) V‐0 classification. TPN1.50 features great durability and can maintain its structure integrity in 1 M HCl or NaOH solution for 100 days. This is because the tertiary amines are anchored within the cross‐linked network and blocked by rigid P‐containing groups, thus effectively suppressing the transesterification. Owing to its good chemical recovery, TPN1.50 can be used as a promising resin for creating recyclable carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer composites. This work offers a promising integrated method for creating robust durable fire‐safe vitrimers which facilitate the sustainable development of high‐performance polymer composites.
Flexible Scaffold Modulation of Spatial Structure and Function of Hierarchically Porous Nanoparticle@ZIF‐8 Composites to Enhance Field Deployable Disease Diagnostics
Authors: Li Chunyang , Li Yujian , Wu Shaoyan , Li Gui , Li Juan , Zhao Yan , Cai Huan , Shu Jia , Song Mingxuan , Fu Qing , Yuan Jianbo , Gao Xin , Ai Zhujun , Li Xiaosong , Chen Rui , Zuo Zhong
Published: July 2024

Catalytic nanoparticle@metal‐organic framework (MOF) composites have attracted significant interest in point‐of‐care testing (POCT) owing to their prominent catalytic activity. However, the trade‐off between high loading efficiency and high catalytic activity remains challenging because high concentrations of nanoparticles tend to cause the misjoining and collapse of the MOFs. Herein, a facile strategy is reported to encapsulate high concentrations of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles into zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) using polydopamine (PDA) as a support for Pt@ZIF‐8 and as a flexible scaffold for further immobilization of Pt nanoparticles. The resulting composite (Pt@ZIF‐8@PDA@Pt) exhibits ultrahigh Pt nanoparticle loading efficiency, exceptional catalytic activity, stability, and a bright colorimetric signal. Following integration with lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), the detection limits for pre‐ and post‐catalysis detection of B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) are 0.18 and 0.015 ng mL−1, respectively, representing a 6‐fold and 70‐fold improvement compared to gold nanoparticle‐based LFIA. Moreover, Pt@ZIF‐8@PDA@Pt‐based LFIA achieves 100% diagnostic sensitivity for NT‐proBNP in a cohort of 184 clinical samples.
Introduction
Authors: Meyer Marcy
Published: July 2024

In this chapter, the author identifies, defines, and illustrates the book’s key concepts, including concrete poetry, iconographic poetry, research poetry, poetic inquiry, and iconographic research poetry. Next, the author offers brief overviews of the history of concrete poetry, iconographic poetry, poetic inquiry, and research poetry, four central areas of inquiry that have inspired the notion of iconographic research poetry. The author explores the intellectual foundations that undergird the concept of iconographic research poetry by reviewing classic and contemporary texts from the humanities and social sciences. After enumerating the advantages of iconographic research poetry and positioning it as a methodological innovation that bridges art, literature, and science, the author concludes this chapter with a preview of the book.
Phases of Work
Authors: Rincent Jean-Jacques Henri
Published: July 2024

Carrying out tests to calculate the tension force of tie rods is an operation involving tie rods several decades old. The methodology for on-site intervention is presented, from numbering to recording the information needed for an effective diagnosis, which can then be used for maintenance operations.
Dynamic Stiffness—Force
Authors: Rincent Jean-Jacques Henri
Published: July 2024

The relation between dynamic stiffness is presented with two examples of diagnosis. A copy of the patent in the appendix gives a detailed presentation.
Diameter of the Tie-Rod with Its Cement Grout
Authors: Rincent Jean-Jacques Henri
Published: July 2024

Calculating the diameter of the element under test is one of the elements to check before redoing a tie-rod dimensioning calculation. Two examples are given.
France-Wide Monitoring of 1,4-Dioxane in Raw and Treated Water: Occurrence and Exposure Via Drinking Water Consumption
Authors: Bach Cristina , Boiteux Virginie , Dauchy Xavier
Published: July 2024

In recent years, 1,4-dioxane has emerged as a pollutant of increasing concern following widespread detection in the aquatic environment of several countries. This persistent contaminant with specific physical and chemical properties can be rapidly dispersed and transported to river banks, groundwater and drinking water. Given the limited data on its occurrence in France, it was considered necessary to assess the potential exposure of the French population to this compound in drinking water. An analytical method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) was developed and validated during this study with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.15 µg/L. Recoveries in natural water matrices ranged from 113 to 117% with a relative bias not exceeding 17%. This method was used for a nationwide campaign at almost 300 sites, evenly distributed over 101 French départements (administrative units), including some that were overseas. Of the 587 samples analysed, only 8% had a concentration that was greater than or equal to the LOQ. 1,4-Dioxane was detected mainly (63%) in raw and treated water from sites associated with historical industrial practices related to the use of chlorinated solvents. Concentrations of 1,4-dioxane ranging from 0.19 to 2.85 µg/L were observed in the raw water and from 0.18 to 2.46 µg/L in the treated water. Drinking water treatment plants using ozonation, granular activated carbon and chlorination have limited effectiveness in the removal of 1,4-dioxane. The results of this study are the first step towards bridging the knowledge gap in the occurrence of 1,4-dioxane in France.
Patient experiences of muscle biopsy in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Sutu Benjamin , Maxwell Samuel , Oon Shereen , Ross Laura , Day Jessica
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Muscle biopsy plays an important role in the diagnostic evaluation of individuals with suspected idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). However, variability in biopsy practices may result in a heterogenous patient experience. The existing literature offers limited insights into the experiences and perspectives of patients undergoing muscle biopsy. Methods: This study employed a 27-item online survey to comprehensively characterise the experience of muscle biopsy among Australian patients, including their concerns, beliefs about procedure utility, information sources, physical sensations, perceived complications and recovery. Results: A total of 111 Australian individuals who reported a diagnosis of IIM completed the survey, with data collected from March to June 2023. Most participants had inclusion body myositis (76/111, 68.5%) and had undergone one biopsy procedure (87/111, 78.4%) as part of their IIM work-up. Nine of the 111 respondents did not undergo a muscle biopsy. The procedure was well-tolerated by many respondents, however, a notable number of respondents experienced post-procedural pain lasting > 72 h (27/102, 26.5%), increasing weakness post-biopsy (13.7%), numbness at the biopsy site (18/102, 17.6%) and a recovery time beyond 3 days (36/102, 35.3%). A substantial minority (30/111, 27%) felt they were inadequately informed about the risks and benefits of the procedure. Conclusions: This survey highlights that although muscle biopsy is often well-tolerated, there are considerable patient concerns that are often inadequately addressed. Our findings underscore the need for improved patient-doctor communication and support throughout the biopsy process.
Effects of several long-term soil health treatments on populations of Pratylenchus penetrans and the soil microbial community
Authors: Nijhuis Els , Kurm Viola , Visser Johnny , Korthals Gerard , van Overbeek Leo
Published: July 2024

Soil suppressiveness can reduce the damage by plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) in agricultural soils and is conveyed by the activity of soil microorganisms. While natural suppressiveness has been reported, it is still poorly understood if soil suppressiveness can be elicited by manipulating the soil microbial community. In the present study we assessed the number of the Pratylenchus penetrans (Pp) and the bacterial and fungal community composition over 7 years in a long-term soil health experiment. The field experiment consisted of an organic and conventional agricultural land management system and three soil health treatments (SHT): an untreated control (CT), anaerobic disinfestation (AD) and a combination of marigold cover cropping, compost and chitin amendment (CB). The land management systems were kept continuously, while the soil health treatments were applied only twice in seven years. The microbial community significantly differed between the organic and conventional system, but there was no significant difference in Pp numbers between the two systems. However, both the CB treatment and to a lesser extent the AD treatment reduced Pp numbers and increased yield with the effect being the strongest in the years immediately after the treatment. Accordingly, both the bacterial and fungal community differed significantly between the treatments, the differences being largest in the years after the treatments. Notably, the CB treatment elicited both long-term changes in the microbial community and a reduction of Pp numbers lasting for at least three years. These results indicated that a combination of treatments can lead to an altered soil microbial community in combination with persisting suppressiveness of Pp.
The value of treatment choice and clinical prognosis for Riolan’s arch in chronic superior mesenteric artery ischaemic disease
Authors: Zhang Mengqiang , Maimaitiaili Subinuer , Ji Run , Tang Chen , Cai Jing , Liu Zhao , Qiao Tong
Published: July 2024

Objective

To explore the value of treatment choice and clinical prognosis for Riolan’s arch in chronic superior mesenteric artery (SMA) ischaemic disease in vascular surgery.

Methods

The clinical data of 215 patients with SMA ischaemic disease (41 cases with Riolan’s arch and 174 cases without) admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University (China) from January 2019 to April 2023 were reviewed. Clinical characteristics, imaging findings, treatment, perioperative complications, and patient follow-up data were analysed to observe the impact of Riolan’s arch on the prognosis of patients with SMA ischaemic disease.

Results

There were significant differences in body mass index (Riolan’s arch group: 22.82 ± 3.28 vs 24.03 ± 4.26 in non-Riolan’s arch group, P = 0.049), Takayasu’s arteritis (4.9% vs 0, respectively, P = 0.036), and secondary intervention (3.3% vs 1.9%, respectively, P < 0.001) between the two groups. Propensity score matching was used to exclude the effect of baseline data on patient outcomes. There were significant differences related to therapy method (conservative treatment, Riolan’s arch group: 24.1% vs 39.7% in the non-Riolan’s arch group; operative treatment, Riolan’s arch group: 51.7% vs 20.7% in the non-Riolan’s arch group, P = 0.014), as well as in-hospital time (9.79 ± 4.20 vs 6.86 ± 4.32, respectively, P = 0.011). There was no statistically significant difference in Kaplan–Meier curves between the two groups (log-rank test P = 0.476).

Conclusions

Riolan’s arch plays an important compensatory role in SMA ischaemic disease, especially in chronic disease. We found significant differences in the treatment methods and length of hospital stay of Riolan’s arch, which may suggest that Riolan’s arch has some reference value in the choice of treatment mode.
Exploring the association between type 2 diabetes and fecal incontinence in american adults: insights from a large cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Lun-chao , Liang Li-Ming , Ji Hong-ye , Zhang Can , Wang Man , Liu Hong-sheng
Published: July 2024

Background

The relationship between fecal incontinence (FI) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been well recognized, but a comprehensive understanding of this relationship is lacking, taking into account demographic factors and lifestyle variables.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional approach, 13,510 adults aged 20 years and older were identified from the 2005–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs), and further subgroup analyses and propensity score analysis were performed to ensure stable results.

Results

Among 13,510 adults, 11.2% had T2D, and 8.8% had FI. We found a strong T2D-FI link (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.09–1.54, P < 0.001), even after adjusting for covariates. Age > 45 was a critical factor, with a stronger T2D-FI association. Sedentary behavior (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.15–1.73) in T2D patients were associated with FI.

Conclusions

Our study highlights the significant T2D-FI link in US adults, especially in older T2D patients. Lifestyle changes may reduce FI risk. More research is needed for causality and mechanisms.
An innovative reconstruction procedure for fractures extending to the posterior orbital floor: utilizing the inferior margin of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone for reconstruction
Authors: Takabayashi Kosuke , Maeda Yohei , Kataoka Nobuya
Published: July 2024

Purpose

No definitive procedures have been proposed for orbital floor fractures extending to the slope of the posterior end, which is a challenging problem. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of an orbital reconstruction procedure based on anatomical landmarks that we developed, called the three landmarks procedure (TLP).

Methods

This study is a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted by the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital. Data were collected from April 2000 to December 2023. The effect of TLP and the balloon procedure (BP) on ocular movement was compared. The prevalence of postoperative enophthalmos after TLP was examined.

Results

The study included 17 patients who underwent TLP and 25 patients who underwent BP. Postoperative mean Hess area ratio (HAR%) was 98.3 (95% confidence interval (CI), 97.0–99.6) in the TLP group and 88.6 (95% CI 83.2–94.0) in the BP group. Among study patients with fractures extending to the posterior slope, 14 underwent TLP and 16 underwent BP. Postoperative mean HAR% was 98.5 (95% CI 97.3–99.7) in the TLP group and 89.2 (95% CI 82.4–95.8) in the BP group. Among all patients who underwent TLP, mean postoperative enophthalmos was 0.06 mm (95% CI − 0.32 to 0.44). It was 0.14 mm (95% CI − 0.31 to 0.59) among patients with fractures extending to the posterior slope.

Conclusion

TLP resulted in better postoperative ocular movements than BP. Furthermore, TLP is an effective technique for treating fractures extending to the posterior slope, which are challenging to reconstruct.
Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging as a predictor of long-term testicular atrophy in testicular torsion: a pilot study
Authors: Komatsu Shugo , Terui Keita , Takenouchi Ayako , Kawaguchi Yunosuke , Nishimura Katsuhiro , Oita Satoru , Yoshizawa Hiroko , Takiguchi Shota , Hishiki Tomoro
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This pilot study evaluated indocyanine green-guided near-infrared fluorescence (ICG-NIRF) imaging of testicular blood flow to predict long-term testicular atrophy after testicular torsion (TT) surgery.

Methods

The subjects of this retrospective study were patients who underwent surgery for TT at our hospital between December, 2020 and July, 2022. After detorsion, testicular blood flow was evaluated by ICG-NIRF imaging and classified into three categories: fluorescence detected, no fluorescence detected, and fluorescence detected only in the tunica albuginea vessels. Testicular volume was measured by ultrasonography up to 12 months after surgery to evaluate long-term outcomes.

Results

Twelve patients were included in this analysis. We found a 100% correlation between the absence of ICG-NIRF signals and subsequent testicular atrophy. In three patients without an ICG-NIRF signal, the median testis size 12 months postoperatively was significantly smaller (16.5% of the contralateral testis; range 13–20%) than that in six patients with an ICG-NIRF signal (96%; 89–115%) (p = 0.013). Mild atrophy (74.5%; 73–76%) was also observed in the three patients for whom an ICG-NIRF signal was detected only in the tunica albuginea vessels.

Conclusions

Our pilot study highlights the potential of ICG-NIRF imaging as a prognostic tool for guiding surgical decision-making for patients with TT, by predicting postoperative testicular atrophy.
Suprapterional keyhole approach for anteromedial skull base lesions: How I do it
Authors: Inomo Toshiaki , Iwami Kenichiro , Watanabe Tadashi , Osuka Koji
Published: July 2024

Background

For a minimally invasive treatment approach to the anteromedial part of the anterior cranial fossa (ACF), a small incision and craniotomy of the posterolateral part of the ACF are preferable.

Method

We described the concept and technique of suprapterional keyhole approach (SPKA), which uses an exoscope and endoscope to treat ACF lesions.

Conclusion

The SPKA enables ACF observation from the lateral direction; the endoscope’s extended viewing angles enable the observation of the anteromedial part of the ACF, including the bilateral olfactory groove. Facial skin and large scalp incisions are avoided, making this approach efficient for ACF lesions.
Esthetically driven immediate provisionalization in the anterior zone: 5-year results from a prospective study evaluating 3.0-mm-diameter tapered implants
Authors: Weigl Paul , Trimpou Georgia , Hess Pablo , Kolinski Martin , Bellucci Gionata , Trisciuoglio Davide , Friberg Bertil , Leziy Sonia , Al-Nawas Bilal , Wagner Wilfried , Pozzi Alessandro , Ottria Liliana , Wiltfang Jörg , Behrens Eleonore , Vasak Christoph , Zechner Werner
Published: July 2024

Objectives

Evaluate the 5-year safety and efficacy of a narrow-diameter (3.0 mm) implant that was immediately provisionalized with a single crown in the maxillary lateral incisor or mandibular central or lateral incisor area.

Materials and methods

An open, prospective, single-cohort, multicenter study was conducted, in which narrow-diameter implants were placed in fresh, healed extraction, or congenitally missing sites. All patients were required to meet strict criteria for immediate loading. The primary endpoints were marginal bone levels (MBL) and MBL changes (MBLC) from implant placement to 5-year follow-up. Secondary endpoints included cumulative 5-year survival and success rates, soft tissue health, and esthetic parameters.

Results

A total of 91 implants were placed in 77 patients. The mean MBL remained stable from the 1-year (− 0.79 ± 0.73 mm, n = 75) to 5-year (− 0.74 ± 0.87 mm, n = 65) follow-up. A marginal bone gain of 0.11 ± 0.83 mm was observed from the 1-year to 5-year follow-up. The cumulative 5-year survival rate was 96.5%, and the cumulative 5-year success rate was 93%. The clinical parameters, including the modified plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index, Jemt’s papilla index, and pink esthetic score improved throughout the 5-year study.

Conclusions

The study demonstrated that narrow-diameter implants represent a safe and predictable treatment option for subjects suitable for immediate loading and with limited bone volume or limited inter-dental space.

Clinical relevance

Narrow-diameter implants with immediate provisionalization can be considered for use to restore missing or damaged teeth with predictable functional and esthetic outcomes. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02184845).
Associations between interleukin-10, -12, and − 18 and periodontal health and disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cebesoy Elif Ilke , Altaca Müge , Kocak-Oztug Necla Asli , Bingül Ilknur , Cifcibasi Emine
Published: July 2024

Objective

We assessed the levels of Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Interleukin-12 (IL-12), and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of subjects with advanced periodontitis (SIII-SIV) compared to healthy controls and evaluated their correlations with clinical measurements.

Methods

This cross-sectional study involved subjects (n = 60) diagnosed with stage III grade B-C (n = 13) to stage IV grade C (n = 17) periodontitis, and periodontally healthy controls (n = 30). Clinical periodontal measurements involved full-mouth. The concentrations of IL-10, IL-12, and IL-18 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

There were no significant differences in IL-12 level and IL-18/IL-10 ratio between the healthy and periodontitis groups (p = 0.413, p = 0.636, respectively). The IL-10 and IL-18 levels were significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Significant associations were observed between the periodontitis and IL-10 and IL-18 levels (OR = 1.46, %95 CI 1.19–1.795; OR = 1.13, %95 CI 1.059–1.207, respectively) (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

There was a correlation between pocket depth and the presence of IL-18 and a strong association between periodontitis and a high level of IL-18. However, there were no direct correlations among the three biomarkers and IL-18/IL-10 ratio, indicating that their roles in periodontal health are complex and multidimensional.

Clinical relevance

Understanding the cytokine dynamics in GCF provides valuable insights into their potential clinical implications for periodontal disease diagnosis, risk assessment, and tailored therapeutic interventions.
Trajectories of mental health problems in unaccompanied young refugees in Germany and the impact of post-migration factors – a longitudinal study
Authors: Hornfeck Fabienne , Garbade Maike , Kappler Selina , Rosner Rita , Pfeiffer Elisa , Sachser Cedric , Kindler Heinz
Published: July 2024

Unaccompanied young refugees (UYRs) are at an elevated risk of continuing psychological distress, including posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), depression, and anxiety. The post-arrival situation in a host country plays an important role in increasing or reducing mental health risks for UYRs. This study aimed to examine the trajectory of psychological distress and post-migration factors experienced by UYRs in Germany with five assessments every six months over a two-year period.

Standardised self-report questionnaires were used to assess PTSS (CATS-2), depression (PHQ-9), and anxiety (GAD-7) symptoms. Material and social stressors (DSSYR), sociocultural adjustment (BSAS), frequency of contact with family members, and distress regarding asylum status were included as post-migration factors. N = 131 UYRs (Mage = 17.04; SDage = 1.46; 81.1% male) living in residential care facilities in Germany were included in this study. There was a significant loss to follow up with n = 77 after 12 months at T2 (59% attrition), and n = 37 after 24 months at T4 (28% attrition).

At baseline, clinically relevant symptom scores were found in 48.1% for PTSS, 42.0% for depression, and 22.9% for anxiety. Analysis of latent growth curve models revealed that the symptom severity of depression and anxiety did not change substantially over one year, but PTSS showed a significant decline. The number of traumatic events affected initial levels of mental health problems but not their trajectory over time. The impact of post-migration factors varied between measurement points and outcome measures and did not result in a homogeneous pattern.

Despite limitations, this study demonstrated the persistence of high levels of psychological distress in UYRs. Effective interventions are required at an early stage to prevent chronic trajectories and support systems should adapt to constantly changing circumstances.

Trial registration number/date of registration: DRKS00017453/11th December 2019.
Disentangling the effects of self-control and the use of tobacco and cannabis on violence perpetration from childhood to early adulthood
Authors: Loher Michelle , Steinhoff Annekatrin , Bechtiger Laura , Ribeaud Denis , Eisner Manuel , Shanahan Lilly , Quednow Boris B.
Published: July 2024

Associations among self-control, substance use (e.g., tobacco and cannabis use), and violence perpetration have been documented during the adolescent years, but the direction of these associations is not well understood. Using five assessments (covering 9 years) from a prospective-longitudinal study, we examined self-control as a precursor and subsequent mechanism of associations between adolescent substance use and physical violence perpetration. Data came from a large, ethnically diverse sample (n = 1,056). Youth reported their self-control at ages 11, 13, 15, 17, and 20; and their tobacco and cannabis use, and physical violence perpetration at ages 13, 15, 17, and 20. Cross-lagged panel analyses examined associations between these constructs over time. More self-control in late childhood and early adolescence was associated with less future tobacco and cannabis use and physical violence perpetration. Tobacco use was partially associated with more physical violence over time; these associations were not mediated by self-control. Tobacco use in early adolescence was associated with future cannabis use; during late adolescence, tobacco and cannabis use were reciprocally associated over time. Cannabis use was not associated with future physical violence perpetration. Early adolescent self-control plays an important role in later substance use and violence perpetration, and tobacco use has unique links with both later cannabis use and violence perpetration. Supporting the capacities for self-control in late childhood and early adolescence and preventing the initiation and use of entry-level substances could play an important role in preventing both substance use and violence perpetration and their many costs to society.
Direct measurement of magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in frustrated Gd-based molecular complexes
Authors: Zhang Yu , Nomoto Tetsuya , Yamashita Satoshi , Akutsu Hiroki , Yoshinari Nobuto , Konno Takumi , Nakazawa Yasuhiro
Published: July 2024

Generation of low temperatures below 1 K has been required for applications and fundamental research, given this, development of new materials utilized for demagnetization cooling has extensively been performed in recent years. Here, we studied two polynuclear Gd3+-based molecular compounds of Gd0.33[Gd4(OH)4(OAc)3][Rh4Zn4(L-cys)12]·32H2O (1Gd) and Gd0.33[Gd4(OH)4(OAc)3][Ir4Zn4(L-cys)12]·28H2O (2Gd) (L-cys = L-cysteinate) which show paramagnetic even at low temperatures due to their frustrated arrangement of Gd3+ ions. We discuss the magnitude of the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in them inferred from the isothermal magnetic entropy change ($${\Delta S}_{\text{M}}$$

Δ
S

M

) from isothermal magnetization data. The − $$\Delta S_{{\text{M}}}^{{{\text{max}}}}$$

Δ

S

M

max

of 1Gd and 2Gd are 15.15 J kg−1 K−1 and 17.49 J kg−1 K−1 occur at 2.0 K under an applied field from 0 to 7 T, respectively. We also discussed the results of heat capacity measurement under magnetic fields to confirm the validity of the entropy change for 1Gd. Furthermore, with an aim of detecting their MCE directly, we have developed a new non-magnetic and metal-free magnetocaloric measurement cell. The adiabatic temperature change ($$\Delta T_{{{\text{ad}}}}$$

Δ

T
ad

) occurs in a small amount of sample on an order of 102-microgram with the application and removal of various magnitude magnetic fields starting from several initial temperatures were detected directly, to evaluate the potential of them to be a refrigerant for an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator. The instrumental design for direct measurements of MCE is described along with the construction details.
Reference-dependent discounting
Authors: Attema Arthur E. , Li Zhihua
Published: July 2024

Reference-dependence has become a widely established phenomenon in decision making under risk, not only for monetary outcomes but also for other outcomes, e.g., related to health. However, when the prospects involve risk about timing (the time of receipt of outcomes), rather than the outcomes themselves, much less is known about reference-dependence. This study extends discounted utility to incorporate reference-dependence and is the first to test it in timing prospects. We are also the first to estimate the probability weighting function for timing prospects. For both timing and outcome risk tasks, we replicate the typical fourfold pattern of risk attitudes: risk seeking for low-probability gains, risk aversion for high-probability gains, risk aversion for low-probability losses and risk seeking for high-probability losses. In other words, we find substantial pessimism with regard to high probabilities in the gain domain and low probabilities in the loss domain, and probabilistic optimism for low probabilities in the gain domain and high probabilities in the loss domain. Furthermore, we report loss aversion for outcome risks, while for timing risks, we find the opposite result, which we term earliness seeking. In sum, we find substantial empirical support for reference-dependent discounting. Our results show that psychological biases are also important when timing is risky, although the direction of bias may differ.
Discovering the effect of combination of celecoxib and sorafenib on hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Gu Wang , Zeng Dongyun , Zhang Chao
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and fatal cancer, and its molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. This study aimed to explore the potential molecular mechanisms and immune infiltration characteristics of celecoxib combined with sorafenib in the treatment of HCC by analyzing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the GSE45340 dataset in the GEO database and identifying key genes.

Methods

The GSE45340 dataset was downloaded from the GEO database, and DEGs were screened using GEO2R, and visualization and statistical analysis were performed. Metascape was used to perform functional annotation and protein–protein interaction network analysis of DEGs. The immune infiltration was analyzed using the TIMER database, and the expression of key genes and their relationship with patient survival were analyzed and verified using the UALCAN database.

Results

A total of 2181 DEGs were screened through GEO2R analysis, and heat maps were drawn for the 50 genes with the highest expression. Metascape was used for enrichment analysis, and the enrichment results of KEGG and GO and the PPI network were obtained, and 44 core genes were screened. Analysis of the TIMER database found that 12 genes were closely related to tumor immune infiltration. UALCAN analysis further verified the differential expression of these genes in HCC and was closely related to the overall survival of patients.

Conclusions

Through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, this study identified a group of key genes related to the treatment of HCC with celecoxib combined with sorafenib. These genes play an important role in tumor immune infiltration and patient survival, providing important clues for further studying the molecular mechanism of HCC and developing potential therapeutic targets.