bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and pattern of sensorineural hearing loss among children and adolescents with sickle cell disease in a tertiary health facility, Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Solomon Amos , Nurudeen Adebola Shofoluwe , Abdulkadir Isa , Ahmad Hafsat , Ibrahim Babatunde Mohammed , Iliyasu Yunusa Shuiabu , Mohammed Aminu Usman
Published: November 2023

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) can result in painful vascular occlusion crises, anoxia, and ischemia, which can occasionally cause damage to tissues and organs, including the auditory system, particularly the blood-rich cochlea. Despite being underreported, Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) is a well-known consequence of SCD globally. The study’s objective was to determine the prevalence and pattern of hearing loss in children and adolescents aged 5 to 16 years old with SCD who were in steady state and were seen at the hematology and pediatric outpatient clinics at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria, Nigeria. A prospective hospital-based case-control study was conducted with 125 children with SCD in steady state, aged 5 to 16, who were enrolled in the hematology clinic at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital in Zaria, Nigeria, and 125 ‘age- and sex-matched healthy controls, who were selected from the ABUTH’s pediatric outpatient clinics. An organized questionnaire was used to collect fundamental data on the sociodemographic characteristics and medical history of the participants and controls. In a sound-treated booth, the participant’s hearing was evaluated using tympanometry and pure tone audiometry. Overall, 68 (54.4%) and 57 (45.6%) out of the 125 assessed participants were male and female, respectively, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1 and the mean age 10.17±3.55 years. Due to age-sex matching, the subject’s age and sex distributions match those of the controls. Children with SCD experienced bilateral SNHL ≥25 dB in 32/125 (25.6%) cases (21 males;11 females). The control group, which had a HbAA phenotype that was normal, did not exhibit any hearing loss. 21/32 (65.6%) of the participants had mild (26-40 dB) hearing loss, and SNHL occurred more frequently in males (21/32 (65.6%) than in females (11/32 (34.4%). In comparison to 3(9.4%) HbSC and 1(3.1%) HbSS+F, SNHL was more common in individuals with 28(87.5%) HbSS phenotypes. While diverse frequencies were impacted in the affected participants, there was no consistency in the frequency pattern of hearing loss. The current study showed that SNHL is a frequent complication in children and adolescents with SCD. About 25% of children and adolescents with SCD experienced SNHL, which disproportionately affected males. Frequent audiometry should be carried out to check the children’s hearing levels and identify any early hearing losses so that interventions can be made to perhaps prevent associated speech and language issues that might cause educational challenges.
Knowledge, attitude and practices of registered nurses regarding neonatal jaundice at the neonatal intensive care unit in a tertiary hospital in Khomas region, Namibia
Authors: Nambinga Ndapewoshali , Nghitanwa Emma M.
Published: November 2023

Neonatal jaundice is a significant cause of neonatal morbidity worldwide and accounts for 75% of hospital readmissions in the first week of life. New‑born babies can develop severe neonatal jaundice that may cause irreversible brain damage or even death. To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of registered nurses on neonatal jaundice among neonates at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Windhoek Central hospital. A quantitative, descriptive, cross sectional research design was used. The population was all 34 registered nurses working at Windhoek Central Hospital neonatal intensive care unit. Census sampling was used to include all 34 registered nurses working in the neonatal intensive care unit of the selected hospital due to the limited small number of the population. Data were collected using a self‑developed questionnaires that collected socio‑demographic information and knowledge, attitudes and practices questions. Data was analysed using SPSS version 27. Descriptive statistics was used to generate frequencies and percentages. The study found that majority of the participants have adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices regarding neonatal jaundice. The study found that most participants 21 (60%) were aged between 20 to 29 years. Participants have adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices on neonatal jaundice. The researchers recommends that future studies using different research approaches should be conducted in other regions in Namibia.
Is antero‑lateral complex of knee joint of critical importance in restoring rotational instability in patients with anterior cruciate ligament tear?
Authors: Mishra Abhishek K. , Charmode Sundip H. , Kushwaha Sudhir S. , Chauhan Vishwa , Mehra Simmi , Mishra Vivek
Published: November 2023

Antero-lateral ligament complex (ALC) is a vital structure for maintaining rotational stability of the knee. Evaluation of ALC radiologically (MRI) is still unpopular in setting of anterior cruciate ligament injury. A dire necessity exists for the orthopedic surgeons in outdoor patient department settings to rule out involvement of ALC. So, that it can be addressed during operating for Anterior Cruciate Ligament injury. The authors have formulated an algorithm on a personal level and have implemented this screening program and initiated screening of young to middle aged patients reporting with rotational knee instability for ALC involvement before recommending final operative plan. This screening program which uses specifically devised physical tests have significantly reduced the number of underdiagnosed Antero Lateral Ligament tear.
Internalized Mental Illness Stigma is Linked to Suicidality in Rural Indian Adults with Depression or Anxiety and Chronic Physical Illness
Authors: Heylen Elsa , Srinivasan Krishnamachari , Johnson-Pradeep Ruben , Ekstrand Maria L.
Published: November 2023

Background:

Mental illness (MI) remains stigmatized globally, including in India, where suicide and suicidality have been rising. Internalization of society’s negative stereotypes by people with MI is known as internalized MI stigma.

Aims:

The present paper examined the prevalence of internalized MI stigma in a large sample of rural Indian participants with comorbid chronic medical conditions and previously undiagnosed, mostly mild-to-moderate depression/anxiety. It further examined correlates of internalized MI stigma and its association with suicidality.

Subjects and Methods:

Face-to-face interviews were conducted at four-time points with adults with depression/anxiety and chronic physical illness in primary health centers in Ramanagaram, Karnataka. Topics included demographics, social support, depression (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire scale), anxiety (7-item General Anxiety Disorder scale), suicidality (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview), and internalized MI stigma (Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness [ISMI] scale). Data analysis included linear and hierarchical logistic regression.

Results:

At baseline, 29.1% of participants showed a high level of internalized stigma, and 10.4% exhibited at least moderate suicidality. Hierarchical logistic regression showed that every 1-point increase on the ISMI scale more than tripled the odds of moderate to high suicidality (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.24). Those being at least moderately depressed/anxious were 2.4 times more likely to be at least moderately suicidal than participants with no-mild depression/anxiety. Social support lowered the odds of suicidality (AOR 0.44).

Conclusions:

Internalized MI stigma and suicidality were substantial among these rural adults with mostly mild-to-moderate anxiety/depression. Higher stigma was associated with increased suicidality, independently of depression/anxiety. Therefore, efforts to reduce internalized MI stigma should be included in mental health treatment.
Meta-Analysis of Effectiveness of Psychosocial Treatment Programs in Epilepsy
Authors: Ghosh Rinki , Baruah Arunjyoti
Published: November 2023

Background:

Epilepsy is a chronic condition with numerous social and psychological consequences. There are numerous psychological and social factors associated with epilepsy, such as anxiety, depression, and stigma. These factors are prone to have poorer self-esteem, leading to lower quality of life (QOL).

Purpose:

The purpose of the current review was to identify the evidence on the effectiveness of psychosocial treatment programs in epilepsy aimed at enhancing the overall QOL in people with epilepsy.

Methods:

Various online databases such as Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley online library, and Google Scholar were searched to obtain the literature using appropriate search terms/keywords. A total of 68 articles with full texts were reviewed, of which 12 articles (11 randomized studies and 1 nonrandomized study) met the criteria and were included in the meta-analysis with a total sample size of 1712 participants. The methodological quality of the randomized studies was assessed by using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.

Results:

Various psychosocial treatment programs significantly improved the QOL, self-management, and drug adherence and reduced stigma among persons with epilepsy. However, there was no evidence for effects on epilepsy self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, knowledge, and seizure frequency among persons with epilepsy.

Conclusion:

Planned psychosocial treatment programs showed significantly important benefit on a number of outcomes but found limited evidence in reducing anxiety, depression, seizure frequency, and improving knowledge among persons with epilepsy. Thus further research is needed to target those specific outcomes. Psychosocial treatment programs must be incorporated by all health-care personnel as an integral part of epilepsy care to promote patients’ optimum well-being.
Undergraduate Training in Psychiatry: Observational Perspective of Medical Officers Working at Primary Health-care Settings
Authors: Mehra Aseem , Rana Arvind , Kumar Manoj
Published: November 2023

Background:

Primary care physicians are not adequately trained to tackle mental health problems. The study aimed to evaluate undergraduate training in Psychiatry: An observational perspective of medical officers.

Materials and Methods:

It was a cross-sectional study conducted in North India. Participants were assessed on a self-designed questionnaire developed by the Indian psychiatric society to assess various aspects of undergraduate training. Other questionnaires measured residents’ satisfaction with the quality of training programs and perceived need for psychiatric training in undergraduate courses.

Results:

The participant’s mean age was 32.4 years; majorities were male medical officers. About one-tenth reported that there were no separate psychiatry departments and designated psychiatry consultants in their college. Approximately 50% reported: No regular supervision by any psychiatric faculty or having psychiatric disorders discussions in clinical rounds. More than half (50.9%) were not confident enough to identify common signs and symptoms of psychiatric problems. From one-third to half of the participants were unsatisfied with various aspects of the training program, like teaching skills, diagnostic interviews, clinical posting, etc. Majority (77.3%–83.7%) agreed that there is a need to improve the psychiatry training program; during the clinic rounds, psychiatric diagnosis should be discussed, and psychiatry should be a separate subject in under-graduation.

Conclusion:

Primary health-care physicians were unsatisfied with an undergraduate psychiatry training program. Hence, psychiatry should be an independent subject during the undergraduate training program, with dedicated theoretical and clinical hours for psychiatry training and a separate paper for evaluation.
Effect of preheating nano-hybrid and bulk-fill composites with warm airstream on their microtensile bond strength to dentin
Authors: Boruziniat Alireza , Khosravi Farzaneh , Shahri Arsalan , Saeedi Mahdi
Published: November 2023

Aims:

This study assessed the effect of preheating nano-hybrid and bulk-fill composites with warm airstream on their microtensile bond strength (MTBS) to dentin.

Materials and Methods:

In this in vitro study, dentin was exposed in 42 extracted premolars that were assigned to two groups (n = 21) for bonding to EverX Posterior bulk-fill and Grandio nano-hybrid posterior composite. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups for preheating of composite to 50°C by a commercial composite warmer (Subgroup 1), a warm airstream by a hair dryer for 10 s (Subgroup 2), and no heating (room temperature; Subgroup 3). Composite cylinders with a 4-mm height were bonded to the tooth surface with a 5th-generation bonding agent using the incremental technique and cured (each increment for 30 s). The MTBS to dentin was measured, and the bonding interface was evaluated under a stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Data were analyzed using one-way and two-way ANOVA, Tukey’s test, and independent t-test (α =0.05).

Results:

In both composite groups, the mean MTBS of the warm airstream subgroup was significantly higher than that of warmer (P < 0.001) and control (P < 0.001) subgroups. The mean MTBS of the warmer subgroup was significantly lower than that of control subgroup (P = 0.01). The MTBS of the EverX composite was significantly higher than that of the Grandio composite only in the warmer group (P < 0.05). Adhesive failure occurred more frequently in all groups with the highest frequency in airstream subgroup of both composite types.

Conclusion:

Preheating with a warm airstream significantly increased the MTBS of both composite types to dentin.
Effect of Motiflor AS probiotic for oral health on cell viability in human gingival fibroblasts and human dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Elgun Tugba , Merdan Yagmur Ekenoglu
Published: November 2023

Objectives:

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the possible effects of oral chewable probiotic tablets (PTs) produced to directly support the oral flora on the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and human gingival fibroblast cells (HGFCs).

Materials and Methods:

For analysis in this study, “Motiflor AS,” a PT that dissolves in the mouth, containing 13.5mg Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell-52, L. rhamnosus Rosell-11, L. halivarus HA-118, and Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175 was used. Cell survival and proliferation were analyzed by methyl-thiazole-diphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) test and real-time cell analysis method (xCELLigence RTCA-DP) after 24-, 48-, and 72-h incubation periods.

Results:

According to the data obtained with RTCA-DP software, there was a significant increase in the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) and HGFCs in the 72-h incubation after PT application compared to the 24-h and 48-h incubations (P < 0.0001). After the MTT test, for HDPSCs, the cell proliferation rate was 62.8% and 85.6% in 24- and 48-h incubation, respectively, while HDPSCs cell proliferation rate in 72-h incubation was 135.2% (P < 0.0001). For HGFCs, the cell proliferation rate was 73% and 120.4% in 24- and 48-h incubation, respectively, while HDPSCs cell proliferation rate in 72-h incubation was 139.8% (P < 0.0001). When the results of the two tests applied were evaluated together, the results showed compatibility.

Conclusions:

Based on the results, it has been concluded that PT will be useful for maintaining oral health and for dental and gingival patients who will/have undergone dental treatment. It should be keep in mind that protecting our oral and dental health is very important in terms of protecting our general health.
Coffee pulp: From a by-product of coffee production to a potential anticariogenic mouth rinse! An in vivo study
Authors: Bollamma P. B. Keerthan , Nanjamma K. K. , Ponnappa K. C.
Published: November 2023

Background and Objectives:

Dental caries is a prevalent disease despite various efforts made toward its prevention. The drawbacks of the available preventive agents have led to the quest for a potentially more effective agent with fewer adverse effects. Coffee, a local produce of Coorg, is one such herbal alternative. This study aims to assess the potential antimicrobial activity of Robusta coffee pulp extracts on Streptococcus mutans.

Methodology:

A total of 39 participants were divided into three groups with 13 participants each, after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent: Group A (negative control), sterile water; Group B (positive control), 0.2% chlorhexidine mouth rinse; and Group C, 2.5% coffee pulp extract rinse (prepared according to minimum inhibitory concentration). The saliva samples were collected from the patients in a sterile Eppendorf tube at prerinse for baseline, at 1-h postrinse, and at the end of 2 weeks. The S. mutans colony count was done using image-based software analysis. The acquired data were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s test.

Results:

Coffee pulp mouth rinse (P = 0.035) and positive control (P = 0.036) groups showed a statistically significant reduction in the microbial count at 2 weeks postrinse (compared to the negative control group).

Conclusion and Clinical Relevance:

The coffee pulp extract-based mouth rinse is a potential anticariogenic agent that offers few advantages over chlorhexidine as no instances of staining, altered taste, or any allergic reactions were reported by the subjects.
Acquisition of potential reservoirs of nosocomial infection on gadgets and clothing in the dental hospital setting: An epidemiological study
Authors: Sharma Jyoti , Mehta Manjula , Bhardwaj Sonia Bhonchal , Jain Ashish , Bhushan Jagat , Jhamb Swaty
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

During dental procedures, dental professionals as well as patients are exposed to pathogens and toxic substances, which may be transmitted through direct or indirect contact. Their clothing is visibly soiled during the procedures. Their hands can serve as vectors for the transmission of pathogens. Use of mobiles, laptop, and other gadgets tend to increase the chances of microbial colonization on these surfaces. The objective of the study is to screen for the presence of microorganism the most common items pertaining to our daily personal utility which are being used in the hospital settings, to access the microbial load and their potential hazards.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, 80 samples were collected from different personal utility items such as white coats, mobiles, hand towels, and laptops. These samples were evaluated for the presence of any microbial colonization on them.

Results:

All the sampled surfaces showed the presence of microorganisms and all showed polymicrobial growth.

Conclusion:

These identified surfaces should be cleaned and decontaminated on regular basis to prevent the transmission of pathogens in the dental hospital environment.
Efficacy of microabrasion and resin infiltration techniques for masking of fluorotic white spot lesions: A randomized clinical study
Authors: Asthana Geeta , Patel Kalpana , Parmar Ravina
Published: November 2023

Aim:

The aim of the study was to compare the esthetic treatment outcome and quantification of tooth color changes using microabrasion and resin infiltration techniques of fluorotic white spot lesions (WSLs).

Subjects and Methods:

Sixty-six teeth with fluorotic small opaque white areas involving 25%–50% (very mild/mild fluorosis) of the surface were randomly assigned into two groups for microabrasion and resin infiltration techniques. To quantify tooth color changes, depicted by Delta E (DE), photographic analysis was performed using Adobe Photoshop CS5 Extended version by measuring Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage L*a*b* values of each tooth at two points, i.e. one at WSL and the other one at sound adjacent enamel.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were analyzed with t-test using SPSS software version 23.

Results:

L*value (decrease in whiteness) of posttreatment WSL decreased in both groups but was higher in the resin infiltration group, which was statistically significant. There were no statistically significant changes observed in a* and b* values of WSL in both groups. DE value difference of pre and postoperative was higher in the resin infiltration group, which was statistically significant which indicated the stability of color obtained by the resin infiltration group.

Conclusions:

Resin infiltration technique is more efficient in the immediate elimination of fluorotic WSL than microabrasion.
Serum Copper, Zinc and Selenium Levels in Women with Unexplained Infertility in Ibadan Nigeria: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study
Authors: Adeniyi Adewale Ayodeji , Ogunbode Olayinka Oladunjoye , Adeyanju Ayodeji Sylvester , Oladokun Adesina
Published: November 2023

Background:

Infertility is a global public health issue affecting couples. Trace metals have been implicated in effective reproductive functions in males but less studied in females.

Objective:

To compare the serum levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se) and copper/zinc ratio in women with unexplained infertility and fertile women.

Subjects and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional analytical study that compared 75 consenting women who had unexplained infertility with 74 fertile women that were controls. Both groups were seen within 1 year of delivery and were recruited from the family planning unit, at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Data were obtained through a semi-structured questionnaire, after which 10 mL of venous blood was collected. Analysis of selected trace elements were done by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. IBM SPSS version 23 was utilized for data analysis and the levels of statistical significance was set at <0.05.

Results:

The mean (± SD) serum concentrations of Cu (93.11 ± 16.55 μg/dL), Zn (72.04 ± 15.03 μg/dL) and Se (28.28 ± 8.33 μg/dL) amongst the women with unexplained infertility were lower when compared to the control group (all with P < 0.001). The serum Cu/Zn ratio was higher among the fertile women, though not statistically significant (P < 0.62). Age of <35 years was associated with normal serum levels of Cu (P < 0.01), while women with normal body mass index had low serum concentrations of Cu (P = 0.04), amongst the fertile group.

Conclusion:

Serum copper, zinc and selenium concentrations are significantly lower in women with unexplained infertility, therefore diets or supplements containing these trace elements may be helpful in their management.
Factors Associated with Hypertension among Adults in High Burden Kidney Disease Areas of Jigawa State, Nigeria: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Ibrahim Usman Muhammad , Jibo Abubakar Mohammed , Muazu Salisu , Zubairu Zahrau , Ringim Saadatu Uba , Namadi Faruk Abdullahi , Ringim Sadiq Hassan , Buba Luka Fitto , Jalo Rabiu Ibrahim , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah Ismail , Abdulsalam Kabiru , Karkarna Mustapha Zakariyya
Published: November 2023

Background:

Hypertension is the leading risk factor for preventable cardiovascular-related complications and mortalities worldwide.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the prevalence and factors associated with hypertension among 361 adults from four local government areas (LGAs) of Jigawa state identified to have high burden of kidney diseases. The Modified WHO STEPS questionnaire and multi-stage sampling technique were employed and data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 22.0

Results:

The age of the respondents ranged from 18 to 102 years with a median of 45 (interquartile range = 30–80) years. More than a quarter (34.9%) of the respondents were unemployed. Few reported history of alcohol ingestion (0.8%) and cigarette smoking (1.1%). The prevalence of systolic hypertension was 116 (32.1%), while that of diastolic hypertension was 133 (36.8%). Jahun LGA had higher cases (36.7%) of systolic hypertension, whereas Dutse LGA had higher cases (47.8%) of diastolic hypertension. Systolic hypertension was significantly higher (P < 0.001) among those >35 years of age. The odds of developing systolic hypertension were significantly lower among those between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and those between the ages of 18 and 35 years were less likely to have systolic hypertension than those above the age of 35 years (adjusted odds ratio = 9.0; 95% confidence interval = 4.6–17.6). Similarly, those who reported family history of diabetes and hypertension (P < 0.001) had a significantly higher proportion of systolic hypertension.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of hypertension was alarming in the high burden kidney disease areas. The government should develop a sustainable model for the mass community screening of risk factors and community-based health insurance for the effective management of all identified cases.
Metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumor with pelvic arteriovenous malformation: A case report
Authors: Velasco-Redondo Victoria May Hembrador , Octavio Ma. Bernadette R.
Published: November 2023

Placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) with uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare and potentially catastrophic occurrence. A high index of suspicion and immunohistochemistry secured the diagnosis. The use of appropriate imaging modalities led to the identification of the extent of the disease. Sequential planned management from neoadjuvant intensive chemotherapy, bilateral uterine artery embolization, and laparotomy, and coordinated among different medical disciplines resulted to a successful definitive treatment. Due to its relatively chemoresistant nature, hysterectomy is the mainstay of treatment. Adjuvant platinum-based intensive chemotherapy has been shown to improve overall survival in patients with metastatic disease and those with poor prognostic factors. This case of PSTT with a typical clinical profile was noteworthy due to the development of a significant AVM, a rare complication of PSTT. This case report included a review of treatment experiences as well as peculiarities that set PSTT apart from the more common gestational trophoblastic diseases.
Short-, mid-, and long-term outcomes of suburethral slings with concomitant pelvic organ prolapse surgeries
Authors: Lim-Navarro Lilibeth , Amin-Ong Almira J.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:

This retrospective cohort study assessed the outcomes of combined surgeries for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in 31 patients with a follow-up of 7 years.

OBJECTIVE:

The study aimed to determine the success and recurrence rates of POP and SUI while comparing the outcomes, analyzing the predictors for recurrence, and reporting on complications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Demographic and clinical profiles were analyzed descriptively using frequency and percentages. Objective SUI cure rate was assessed via office cystometry with a cough stress test, while POP was evaluated using the POP-Q system. Subjective cure rates for both conditions were determined using a symptom severity checklist based on the King's Health Questionnaire. Chi-square tests assessed associations between objective outcome parameters and time elapsed since surgery, and other outcome predictors, with significance set at p < 0.05.

RESULTS:

The results showed a high objective cure rate of 96% for SUI and subjective cure rates of 96% for both SUI and POP. Long-term symptoms included urine frequency and retention, while mesh erosion occurred in one patient. The objective cure rate for POP was 67.7%, with recurrence in the anterior compartment at the midterm and in various compartments at long term. Vault fixation suggests efficacy in reducing apical prolapse recurrence. The preoperative age was identified as a significant risk factor for POP recurrence.

CONCLUSION:

This study supports the durability and efficacy of combined surgeries for SUI and POP, with high patient satisfaction.
Performance Analysis of Multi-Relay Assisted IoT Networks in Mixed Fading Environments
Authors: Huang Jiajia , Wei Fusheng , Zhao Jingming , Que Huakun
Published: November 2023

This study delves into the realm of multi-relay assisted Internet of Things (IoT) networks within the context of mixed fading environments. Here, data transmission from the source to the destination is facilitated through a configuration involving multiple decode-and-forward relays. Specifically, our investigation revolves around mixed fading environments characterized by the first-hop relaying links conforming to a uniform distribution, while the second-hop relaying links exhibit Rayleigh fading. To bolster the overall efficacy of the network, we introduce two distinct relay selection criteria. The first criterion entails an optimal selection process hinging on the identification of the most proficient relay. This determination relies upon the evaluation of dual-hop relaying links. In contrast, the second criterion adopts a sub-optimal selection approach by singling out the optimal relay solely based on characteristics associated with the second-hop relaying links. The performance evaluation of the two aforementioned relay selection criteria entails the derivation of analytical expressions governing the system's outage probability. To validate the theoretical underpinnings presented in this research, we supplement our analysis with simulation results. Notably, our findings underscore the efficacy of augmenting network performance by augmenting the number of relays within the network topology.
On the convergence of critical points of the Ambrosio–Tortorelli functional
Authors: Babadjian Jean-François , Millot Vincent , Rodiac Rémy
Published: November 2023

This work is devoted to studying the asymptotic behavior of critical points

\{(u_{\varepsilon},v_{\varepsilon})\}_{\varepsilon>0}

of the Ambrosio–Tortorelli functional. Under a uniform energy bound assumption, the usual

\Gamma

-convergence theory ensures that

(u_{\varepsilon},v_{\varepsilon})

converges in the

L^{2}

-sense to some

(u_*,1)

as

\varepsilon\to 0

, where

u_*

is a special function of bounded variation. Assuming further that the Ambrosio–Tortorelli energy of

(u_{\varepsilon},v_{\varepsilon})

converges to the Mumford–Shah energy of

u_*

, the latter is shown to be a critical point with respect to inner variations of the Mumford–Shah functional. As a by-product, the second inner variation is also shown to pass to the limit. To establish these convergence results, interior

(\mathcal{C}^{\infty})

regularity and boundary regularity for Dirichlet boundary conditions are first obtained for a fixed parameter

\varepsilon>0

. The asymptotic analysis is then performed by means of varifold theory in the spirit of scalar phase transition problems.
Hydrodynamic Flow Characteristics Prediction for Bluff Body Wake via
Novel Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Controller Avoiding Fuzzy Rule
Explosion
Authors: Kharola Ashwani , Dobriyal Ritvik , Sharma Rakesh Chandmal , Sharma Neeraj , Sharma Ashwini , Raturi Anuj
Published: November 2023

This study analyses the effect of Reynolds number (Re) and bluff
body shape (quantified by shape factor SF) variation on various
hydrodynamic characteristics of unsteady bluff body flow, such as Strouhal
number, maximum lift coefficient, and mean drag coefficient. The study initially
examines a relationship among these characteristics and further utilizes
artificial neural networks (ANNs) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system
(ANFIS) controllers for their precise prediction. The results from real-time
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) experimentations were gathered and considered
to train ANN controllers. A novel ANFIS controller has been designed using only
three membership functions thus solving the problem of fuzzy rule explosion. The
results indicate that both the ANN and ANFIS controllers can precisely predict
these hydrodynamic flow characteristics as validated through minimal values of
root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute
percentage error (MAPE). It is observed that ANFIS controller provides better
results compared to the proposed feed-forward ANN controller. The RMSE, MAE, and
MAPE obtained for ANFIS model for different shape factors for maximum lift
coefficient were 0.0024, 0.002, and 0.85%, respectively.
Stabilising or Dynamising Approach—Changes in the Employment System for Foreigners
Authors: Florczak Izabela
Published: November 2023

Since Poland started the transformation from a country of emigration to a country of immigration, the legal environment related to the employment of foreigners has been constantly changing. These changes seem to be of a bumpy nature, although they implement in a relatively consistent manner certain assumptions that can be called systemic. This article will analyse main directions of legal changes related to the employment of foreigners in Poland, specifying at the same time the objectives that the legislator intended to achieve when introducing them. This will make it possible to show the organisational priorities of labour market regulation and the values that the national legislator aims to protect. Such an analysis, in turn, will make it possible to assess legislative actions and (in the case of their approval) to indicate further necessary improvements made in the spirit of the existing ones or (in the case of their criticism) to set new directions of actions.
Aceptabilidad sensorial de mermelada de fresa con un paso de molienda previo al proceso de cocción
Authors: Cueva Giancarlo , Dionicio Elizabeth , Juarez Rosel , Ruidias Cristina
Published: November 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación evaluó la aceptabilidad sensorial de una mermelada de fresa con un paso de molienda previo al proceso de cocción, tuvo como objetivo principal elaborar mermelada de fresa para posteriores análisis de color, sabor, facilidad de untar y aceptación general; además de evaluar la calidad sensorial haciendo uso de escalas hedónicas y pruebas de aceptación mediante la participación de panelistas seleccionados al azar de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo. Se usó fresa (Fragaria sp) 5kg provenientes del mercado La Hermelinda, un Molino GRT-20B y pectina de la marca Sumaq como materiales principales. Se desarrolló un proceso alternativo en el cual se le añade un paso más de molienda y cortado, donde se incluyó en cada uno un tiempo de molienda distinto, desde cero segundos en el ensayo 6 (E6) con el 100% de fresa entera, hasta los 5 segundos de molienda en el ensayo 1 (E1) con el 100% de fresa molida. Se obtuvo como resultados mayor aceptación con respecto al color el ensayo 4, el E1 como más fácil de untar, el E5 como el mejor en sabor y mejor aceptabilidad general al ensayo 1, con relaciones en valores significativos con otros ensayos.
Conceitos fundamentais da Ecologia no ensino fundamental: uma análise a partir da Base Nacional Comum Curricular e de entrevistas com especialistas
Authors: Tsai Sun Hinan , Campos Luciana Maria Lunardi
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho objetivou identificar conceitos fundamentais no ensino de Ecologia para os anos finais do ensino fundamental, a fim de contribuir para a reflexão sobre a construção de um currículo que tenha como foco a socialização dos saberes científicos, preconizado pela pedagogia histórico-crítica. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com especialistas da área de estudo da Ecologia e análise da Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Como resultados temos que “interações ecológicas” e “conservação” são conceitos em comum nas duas fontes pesquisadas e em um processo de depuração dos conceitos indicados, entende-se “interações ecológicas” um conceito fundamental dentro do ensino da Ecologia e “conservação” uma consequência do processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos demais conceitos da Ecologia.
Currículo interespécies
Authors: Vieira Túlio , Gomes Maria Margarida
Published: November 2023

Neste escrito, discorremos acerca da produção de espaços discursivos de confinamento para os animais no ensino de Biologia. Apoiados em teorizações do campo da História do Currículo, concebemos esses espaços atuando de maneira produtiva sobre os animais que os habitam, normalizando os mesmos através de aspectos psicológicos e pedagógicos do ensino. Lançando mão da análise de livros didáticos e artigos científicos, apresentamos espacialidades advindas de práticas discursivas da disciplina escolar Biologia. Ponderamos que, ao habitarem espaços ecológicos, periculosos, evolutivos, econômicos, quantitativos, experienciais e populares, processos alquímicos produzem, simultaneamente, quem os animais e as crianças são ou deveriam ser. Desse modo, consideramos os animais como sujeitos políticos da escolarização, cujos modos de existência são regulados, dentre outras ordens, pelo confinamento curricular.
Intususcepción intestinal en adultos: Una forma de presentación infrecuente del adenocarcinoma de Ciego
Authors: Perez Dominguez Rocio Soledad , Candia Guillermina , Martiarena Rosario , Santilli Hernán Alejandro , Schlain Sergio
Published: November 2023

Introducción: La invaginación intestinal constituye una causa poco frecuente de obstrucción mecánica del adulto correspondiendo solo a un 5% de todas las intususcepciones, siendo la localización más frecuente  el intestino delgado, seguida de la ileocólica y  la colocólica. 

Las causas son tanto benignas como malignas. En pacientes adultos la  principal está dada por los tumores malignos en un 65%, con lo cual el tratamiento resectivo debería de ser de elección. Suele presentarse con síntomas poco específicos como dolor abdominal, distensión, náuseas, vómitos, sangrado o cambios en el hábito evacuatorio. 

La tomografía computarizada es la modalidad diagnóstica más sensible, sumada a otros métodos complementarios, como la ecografía y endoscopia, aumenta la sensibilidad diagnóstica. Es de suma importancia un diagnóstico temprano y un tratamiento oportuno para evitar complicaciones asociadas a la libre evolución.

 

Caso Clínico: Paciente femenina de 93 años que consulta  por dolor abdominal cólico difuso, intermitente, de tres meses de evolución, diarrea  y pérdida de peso. Al examen físico se objetiva una  masa palpable en región epigástrica, de más de 15 cm de extensión. La tomografía abdominopélvica evidencia a nivel centro-abdominal y con extensión hacia flanco izquierdo extensa imagen redondeada con estructuras vasculares en su interior y contenido aéreo compatible con intususcepcion intestinal (invaginacion colocolónica). Se realiza  laparotomía evidenciando intususcepción del ciego alcanzando tercio distal del colon transverso. Se identifica voluminoso tumor cecal, se realiza hemicolectomía derecha con criterio oncológico y  anastomosis primaria. 

 

Conclusiones:  La intususcepción en el adulto es una condición poco frecuente pero desafiante para el cirujano actuante, patología a tener en cuenta en el diagnóstico primario de un abdomen agudo.  Representa una patología compleja, siendo la resolución quirúrgica la opción de elección, ya que a menudo se asocia a una lesión orgánica que requiere intervención quirúrgica debido al alto riesgo de malignidad. Es importante que los cirujanos sospechen este diagnóstico para evitar complicaciones tales como isquemia intestinal, perforación o lesión maligna sin diagnosticar.
An Exploration Of Icebreakers And Their Impact On Student Engagement In The Classroom
Authors: Sasan John Michael V , Tugbong Gica M. , Alistre Kent Lancer C.
Published: November 2023

This study examined the impact of icebreaker activities on student engagement and participation in a senior high school classroom setting. A mixed-methods design was employed, with quantitative data collected through pre- and post-surveys and qualitative data collected through focus group interviews. The sample consisted of students from two sections, one of which incorporated icebreaker activities and the other did not, and the study was conducted over the course of one semester. The findings suggest that icebreaker activities can positively impact student engagement and participation. Quantitative analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in students' self-reported engagement and participation after participating in icebreakers. Qualitative analysis revealed that students felt a greater sense of community and connectedness with their peers, an improved classroom atmosphere and mood, and an increased willingness to participate and engage in class discussions and activities after participating in icebreakers. These findings support the use of icebreaker activities as a tool for promoting student engagement and participation in the classroom. Icebreakers can help students feel more comfortable and connected with their peers, leading to a more positive classroom atmosphere and increased willingness to participate. Additionally, icebreakers can provide opportunities for students to develop important social skills such as communication and teamwork. This study provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of incorporating icebreaker activities into classroom settings. Future research should explore the effectiveness of different types of icebreaker activities and their impact on various student outcomes, as well as factors that may influence the effectiveness of icebreakers such as class size and student demographics.
INVALIDITY OF TRANSACTIONS MADE IN THE ABSENCE OF A NOTARIZED CONSENT OF ONE OF THE SPOUSES: PROBLEMS OF LEGISLATION AND PRACTICE OF APPLICATION
Authors: Гребенкина И.А.
Published: November 2023

В настоящем исследовании автор анализирует некоторые проблемы законодательства и практики применения норм о недействительности сделок, совершенных в отсутствии нотариально заверенного согласия одного из супругов, и формулирует предложения по совершенствованию действующего законодательства. В статье рассматриваются вопросы целесообразности расширения перечня сделок, на совершение которых требуется нотариально заверенное согласие супруга, а также вопросы формирования единого государственного реестра записей актов гражданского состояния, в том числе актов регистрации брака, на принципах открытости и доступности.

In this study, the author analyzes some of the problems of legislation and practice of applying the rules on the invalidity of transactions made in the absence of a notarized consent of one of the spouses and formulates proposals for improving the current legislation. The article discusses the issues of expediency of expanding the list of transactions that require a notarized consent of the spouse, as well as the formation of a unified state register of civil status records, including marriage registration acts, on the principles of openness and accessibility.
DIGITALIZATION AS A CRITERION FOR ASSESSING THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF RURAL AREAS IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: Груздева В.В. , Клюева Ю.С. , Гирина Т.С.
Published: November 2023

В статье авторами предлагается рассмотрение цифровизации как критерия оценки социальной инфраструктуры сельских территорий в аграрно-промышленном комплексе, обосновывается целесообразность и необходимость такой оценки, а также обозначается соответствующая методика ее проведения, отмечаются показатели, условия осуществления, факторы, оказывающие влияние, и направления развития, существующие и потенциальные проблемы в этой сфере и отрасли.

The article proposes the consideration of digitalization as a criterion for assessing the social infrastructure of rural areas in the agro-industrial complex, substantiates the feasibility and necessity of such an assessment, and also identifies the appropriate methodology for its implementation, notes indicators, conditions of implementation, factors influencing and directions of development, existing and potential problems in this area and industry.
Struktur Dewan, Struktur Kepemilikan dan Kinerja Korporat: Kasus pada Indek Kompas 100
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: November 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of board structure and ownership structure on corporate performance. Corporate performance is measured by return on assets (ROA), the board structure consists of the size of the board of directors, the size of the board of commissioners and the frequency of board meetings. While the ownership structure is proxied by managerial ownership and institutional ownership. The population in this study were all companies listed in the Kompas 100 index, with a sample of 23 companies. The observation period is five years (2017-2021). To test the hypothesis used multiple regression analysis with a significance level of 5%.. The results of the study show that the size of the board of directors has a positive and significant effect on corporate performance, while the size of the board of commissioners has a significant but negative effect on corporate performance, while the frequency of board meetings has no effect on corporate performance. Other results, managerial ownership has a significant and negative effect on company performance, while institutional ownership has no effect on corporate performance.
Pengaruh Perilaku Keuangan terhadap Keputusan Investasi pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) Makanan pada Event Baku Timba Fest Session Kemerdekaan Jayapura
Authors: Ameliana Yana , Rumasukun Muhammad Ridwan
Published: November 2023

This research aims to investigate the influence of Financial Behavior, which includes financial literacy, attitudes towards risk, and investment knowledge, on Investment Decisions in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the food sector. This research was conducted in the context of the Baku Timba Fest Session for Independence in Jayapura in August 2023. The research methods used are descriptive analysis, correlation tests, regression tests, and t and F tests to examine the relationships and differences between Financial Behavior and Investment Decision variables. The research sample consisted of 10 food MSMEs who participated in the event. The research results show that there is a strong positive correlation between Financial Behavior and Investment Decisions, with financial literacy, attitudes towards risk, and investment knowledge playing an important role in making Investment Decisions. The regression model explains approximately 85.94% of the variation in Investment Decisions based on Financial Behavior. However, the t test shows that there is no significant difference in the means between these two variables. In the context of food MSME business development, a better understanding of the influence of Financial Behavior can help entrepreneurs manage their business finances more efficiently, take measured risks, and make smart investment decisions. Awareness of the importance of Behavioral Finance can help food MSMEs increase their business success.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Daya Saing UMKM di Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Herman Herman , Rully Tutus
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that affect UMKM in Bogor. Competitiveness factors are measured using product advantages, human resources, and product marketing using IT. The sample in this research is the leading sector of UMKM in Bogor such as footwear, leather craft, and food sector. Sampling method using purposive sampling with the number of research respondents is 100 respondents. Data collection techniques with interviews, observations, and questionnaires. Data analysis method by conducting instrument test (validity test and reliability test), data analysis technique (multiple linear regression test, test of determination, and t-test). Validity and reliability test is done with 30 respondents which are all valid and reliable results. Result of t-test proves that independent variable consisting of product superiority, human resources, and product marketing by using IT have a significant positive effect to competitiveness of UMKM. In F test, get result of significance value smaller than 0,05. This proves that simultaneously the independent variables affect the dependent variable. Determination test proves that product superiority, human resources, and marketing of products using IT affect the competitiveness of 56%, while the rest is influenced by factors outside the independent variable in this study.