bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computationally Stable Estimation Procedure for the Multivariate Linear Mixed-Effect Model and Application to Malaria Public Health Problem
Authors: Adjakossa Eric Houngla , Hounkonnou Norbert Mahouton , Nuel Grégory
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we provide the ML (Maximum Likelihood) and the REML (REstricted ML) criteria for consistently estimating multivariate linear mixed-effects models with arbitrary correlation structure between the random effects across dimensions, but independent (and possibly heteroscedastic) residuals. By factorizing the random effects covariance matrix, we provide an explicit expression of the profiled deviance through a reparameterization of the model. This strategy can be viewed as the generalization of the estimation procedure used by Douglas Bates and his co-authors in the context of the fitting of one-dimensional linear mixed-effects models. Beside its robustness regarding the starting points, the approach enables a numerically consistent estimate of the random effects covariance matrix while classical alternatives such as the EM algorithm are usually non-consistent. In a simulation study, we compare the estimates obtained from the present method with the EM algorithm-based estimates. We finally apply the method to a study of an immune response to Malaria in Benin.
China’s Four Decades of Reforms: A View from Neo-Authoritarianism
Authors: Gong Qing Xiao
Published: June 2019

This article offers a bird’s eye view of the four decades of Chinese economic reforms from the perspective of Neo-authoritarianism. During the first stage of China’s reform, from the late 1970s until the rise of Xi Jinping in March 2013, a soft version of Neo-authoritarianism prevailed in China. While the Communist Party held onto power, market liberalization cultivated a flourishing private sector, creating unprecedented wealth and a fledging civil society in China. The rise of Xi marks the beginning of a new hard version of Neo-Authoritarianism; strengthening political control.
Crystal structure of bis[(2-(2-bromophenyl)-5-ethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylato-κ
O)-(5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-κ
4
N,N′,N′′,N′′′)]nickel(II) hemihydrate C42H65Br2N4NiO8.5
Authors: Qiong Wang , Jia Guo-Kai , Liu Xiao-Wen
Published: June 2019

C42H65Br2N4NiO8.5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.852(2) Å, b = 12.1965(18) Å, c = 14.166(2) Å, β = 117.755(1)°, V = 2270.8(6) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0449, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1276, T = 296(2) K.
Differentiation of non-black fillers in rubber composites using linear discriminant analysis of principal components
Authors: Pajarito Bryan B.
Published: June 2019

In the compounding of rubber composites, different non-black fillers are used to improve the physical properties, reduce the formulation cost, and provide special characteristics. Designing a rubber composite for a specific application needs the careful selection and differentiation of fillers based on its effect on processibility and overall material properties of the vulcanizate. However, fillers are usually classified according to their effect on reinforcement or function without much consideration to other properties such as vulcanization characteristics and heat aging resistance. Analyses of multiple properties are tedious when done in a univariate way. To differentiate non-black fillers with consideration to the various properties of rubber composites, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of principal components (PCs) was used. This paper examines how vulcanization and mechanical properties can differentiate aluminosilicate, bentonite, and silica fillers in rubber composites.

Aluminosilicate and silica were effectively differentiated frombentonite using the vulcanization characteristics and mechanical properties of rubber composites before heat aging. Better differentiation among the 3 non-black fillers was achieved when the mechanical properties of rubber composites after heat aging were included in the PC analysis. LDA required at least 6 PCs to correctly classify the non-black filler in 30 rubber composites.
Expresión detúgenérico y actividades de imagen
Authors: Orozco Leonor
Published: June 2019

En este artículo analizo las actividades de imagen que se realizan cuando se empleatúgenérico. Además, correlaciono la presencia de la segunda persona singular tácita o explícita con el tipo de actividades de imagen documentadas en el Corpus sociolingüístico de la Ciudad de México (CSCM). Los resultados sugieren que los hablantes muestran una preferencia por la omisión del sujeto pronominal de segunda persona singular genérico cuando realizan actividades de autoimagen y que esta estrategia les permite ocultar al yo. Por el contrario, cuando realizan actividades de cortesía recurren con mayor frecuencia a la expresión de SP genéricos de segunda persona, esto es, eltúgenérico explícito contribuye para codificar una estrategia centrada en el interlocutor. El análisis corrobora que los hablantes mexicanos se preocupan por el cuidado de su propia imagen y por la de sus interlocutores, privilegiando los deseos de imagen de afiliación.
The Presence of 17 Beta-Estradiol in the Environment: Health Effects and Increasing Environmental Concerns
Authors: Forghani Mahrokh , Sadeghi Gholamreza , Peyda Mazyar
Published: June 2019

Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) as active biological compounds can pose a threat to the environment through acute and chronic toxicity in organisms, accumulation in the ecosystem, and loss of habitats and biodiversity. They also have a range of possible adverse effects on environmental and ecological health. Estradiol, as one of the natural estrogenic hormones released by the humans and livestock, may exert endocrine-disrupting effects on the nanogram-per-liter range and cause serious problems for the aquatic organisms and animals in many aquatic systems. Various studies have reported the presence of synthetic estrogens such as 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and natural estrogens including 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in wastewater sludge, surface water, river bed sediment, and also digested and activated sludge. The aim of the present study was to review and evaluate the endocrine disrupting compounds especially 17 beta-estradiol, as a representative of estrogen hormones present in the environment and their disturbing effects on humans and wildlife.
Технології підготовки майбутніх учителів іноземних мов в умовах інформаційно-освітнього середовища закладів вищої освіти України
Authors: Rogulska Oxana , Tarasova Olga
Published: June 2019

У статті розкрито особливості використання методів, засобів, форм і технологій навчання у підготовці майбутніх учителів іноземних мов; розглянуто погляди провідних науковців на проблему класифікації методів навчання; охарактеризовано низку інтерактивних методів, засобів, форм та технологій, що є ефективними у підготовці майбутніх учителів іноземної мови до професійної діяльності. Наголошено, що інтерактивна взаємодія, на основі якої розроблено досліджені методи навчання, характеризується високим показником інтенсивності спілкування учасників, їх прямою комунікацією, допомагає урізноманітнити сприйняття інформації й покращити таким чином її засвоєння. Використання інтерактивних методів навчання спонукає не лише студента, але й викладача до постійної творчості, сприяє розвиткові педагогічних здібностей, орієнтує на пошук унікальних якостей студентів, особливостей їх мислення.
Професійна мобільність майбутнього вчителя іноземних мов: психологічні та педагогічні умови
Authors: Chernionkov Yaroslav
Published: June 2019

Дане дослідження було проведено з метою визначення основних характеристик теоретико-методологічних основ понять "мобільність", "професійна мобільність майбутнього вчителя іноземних мов", "умов", "педагогічних умов" у вищих навчальних закладах. Автор дослідив, проаналізував і окреслив провідні психолого-педагогічні умови професійної мобільності майбутніх фахівців у сфері іноземних мов (активність практично-педагогічної діяльності іноземною мовою; адаптивність студентів в різних умовах, колективах, ситуаціях, професіях; психологічна підтримка процесу формування професійної мобільності через індивідуальну траєкторію професійної підготовки та професійної реалізації). Автор проаналізував і визначив “педагогічні умови” як: набір необхідних факторів, критеріїв, характеристик, методів; організованого середовища, що впливає на якісне та ефективне вдосконалення процесу формування професійної мобільності майбутніх учителів іноземної мови у вищих навчальних закладах.Визначено основні чинники та критерії процесу формування професійної мобільності студентів іноземних мов (адміністративно-організаційного, змістового, методологічного та особистісного рівнів). На адміністративно-організаційному рівні такі фактори включають: створення кредитної-модульної системи; прийняття єдиної європейської рамки кваліфікацій; існування системи взаємного визнання кваліфікацій та дипломів; створення системи взаємного визнання періодів навчання в інших європейських вищих навчальних закладах. На змістовому рівні провідними факторами у забезпеченні професійної та педагогічної мобільності майбутніх учителів є: інтернаціоналізація змісту навчання та активізація впровадження мови міжнародного спілкування. На методологічному рівні фактори пов'язані з передачею основного акценту на розвиток критичного мислення, творчості, здатності вирішувати проблеми, оцінки ризиків, прийняття рішень, конструктивного вираження почуттів, активізації проектно-дослідної діяльності, рефлексивного мислення. На індивідуальному рівні були визначені фактори, які зосереджують увагу на внутрішній мотивації особистості та здатності вирішувати проблеми, пов'язані з культурними інтересами, прагненнями уникнути повсякденного життя.
Формування інтегральної соціально-педагогічної компетентності майбутнього вчителя початкових класів до інклюзивного навчання
Authors: Shevtsiv Zoia
Published: June 2019

У статті представлено теоретичний аналіз інтегральної соціально-педагогічної компетентності вчителя початкових класів закладу загальної середньої освіти до організації інклюзивного навчання. Схарактеризовано складники інтегрованої соціально-педагогічної компетентності. Обґрунтовано закономірності та принципи формування інтегральної соціально-педагогічної компетентності у процесі професійної підготовки в закладі вищої освіти. Визначено етапи, мету, завдання, методи і форми формування у студентів інтегрованої соціально-педагогічної компетентності до організації інклюзивного навчання.
Декоративно-ужиткове мистецтво як чинник впливу на естетичне виховання дитини в сім’ї
Authors: Nelia Sirant
Published: June 2019

У статті аналізується декоративно-ужиткове мистецтво як чинник естетичного виховання дитини в сім’ї. Доведено, що воно є одним з найдавніших видів художньої практики людини і володіє невичерпною енергією впливу на особистість, оскільки акумулює величезний історичний, духовний, естетичний досвід, має важливе значення для розвитку художньо-естетичної культури, виховання почуттів, формування естетичного смаку, культури побуту, праці, людських відносин. Hародне декоративно-ужиткове мистецтво володіє значним потенціалом можливостей у пізнанні довкілля та є важливим засобом естетичного виховання дітей у сім’ї.
Specific Features of Microwave Methods for Dusty Plasma Diagnostics. I. Dielectric Permittivity, Refractive and Absorption Indices
Authors: Kovtun Yu. V. , Skibenko A. I. , Skibenko E. I. , Siusko Ye. V.
Published: June 2019

Two widely used approaches for the determination of the refractive, n, and absorption, ϰ, indices of a dusty plasma have been analyzed. In one of them, the expressions for n and ϰ obtained for a dust-free plasma are used, but the collisions of plasma ions with dust particles are taken into account by means of the collision frequency parameter. In the other approach, the characteristic charging frequency for dust particles is additionally introduced.
Hypotonia and Lethargy in a Two-Day-Old Male Infant
Authors: Long Adrienne H. , Fiore Jennifer G. , Gillani Riaz , Douglass Laurie M. , Fujii Alan M. , Hoffman Jodi D.
Published: June 2019

A 2-day old term male infant was found to be hypotonic and minimally reactive during routine nursing care in the newborn nursery. At 40 hours of life, he was hypoglycemic and had intermittent desaturations to 70%. His mother had an unremarkable pregnancy and spontaneous vaginal delivery. The mother’s prenatal serology results were negative for infectious risk factors. Apgar scores were 9 at 1 and 5 minutes of life. On day 1 of life, he fed, stooled, and voided well. Our expert panel discusses the differential diagnosis of hypotonia in a neonate, offers diagnostic and management recommendations, and discusses the final diagnosis.
Clasificación y distribución de riesgos en proyectos de infraestructura desarrollados por medio de Alianzas Público- Privadas (APP) en Costa Rica
Authors: Chacón Vega Ricardo José
Published: June 2019

El modelo de Alianzas Público-Privadas (APP) para el desarrollo de infraestructura pública ha pasado de ser visto únicamente como un modelo de financiamiento, a ser considerado un modelo de administración. Más allá de sus ventajas conocidas (al involucrar fondos privados y disminuir el endeudamiento público), es considerado actualmente como la mejor forma de transferir los riesgos del sector público al privado. Esta distribución de riesgos entre las partes pública y privada es uno de sus principales factores de éxito, por lo que si se pretende alcanzar el éxito en proyectos locales es indispensable enfocar la atención en este tema. A pesar de su importancia, este proceso de distribución de riesgos ha sido usualmente mal ejecutado alrededor del mundo, y Costa Rica no ha sido la excepción.En el contexto costarricense, la identificación de riesgos en proyectos APP no ha logrado abarcar todo el espectro existente, es más, ha impactado negativamente los proyectos concesionados. Es por ello que es necesario considerar la identificación, clasificación y distribución de riesgos como el fundamento de una buena administración de proyectos APP. De esta manera, este artículo pretende proveer a los profesionales, locales como internacionales, políticos, inversionistas e investigadores un mejor entendimiento de la distribución de riesgos en proyectos de infraestructura pública desarrollados mediante APP, así como una base para investigaciones y proyectos futuros.
Miklós Horthy in Poland. Official visit, image of charismatic leader and his leader cult. The Hungarian interpretation1
Authors: Turbucz Dávid
Published: June 2019

After the First World War, the leader cult was a widespread phenomenon in Europe. These cults manifested themselves around the figure of political and military leaders, such as Hitler, Franco, Mussolini, Hindenburg, Metaxas, Mannerheim, Pilsudski, Horthy and so on. After giving a short overview of the evaluation of the Horthy cult, this paper will focus on the official visit of the Hungarian Regent, Miklós Horthy (1920–1944) in Poland, in February 1938. This case study makes an attempt to demonstrate some aspects of the image of a charismatic leader. The aim of this paper is to show how the Hungarian News Agency and the selected Hungarian dailies used statements from the Polish press to justify the position of the Regent as national leader with extraordinary qualities. This paper will also endeavour to show how these statements may have contributed to the preservation of the charismatic image of Horthy. His extraordinary qualities were emphasized, such as his imagined deeds, his indispensability, his mission and the “fact” that he was chosen, as well as being a “saviour”. Horthy and Pilsudski were compared to each other to bolster the larger-than-life image of Miklós Horthy. His charismatic image was composed of these above-mentioned elements.
Maria Theresia und die Reform
Authors: Kókai Károly
Published: June 2019

Maria Theresia gilt als Reformerin. Unbestritten hat sie den Reformbedarf ihrer Zeit wahrgenommen. Die anstehenden Reformen betrafen die Bauernbefreiung, die Einführung der Schulpflicht, die Einrichtung einer modernen Gesundheitsvorsorge, die religiöse Toleranz, ein progressives Justizsystem sowie die Förderung eines zukunftsweisenden kulturellen Aufschwungs. Der Beitrag listet die einzelnen Maria Theresia zugeschriebenen Reformen auf und versucht zu bestimmen, was in den konkreten Fällen „Reform“ heißt. Insbesondere wird der Frage nachgegangen, wofür Reform einerseits in der ungarischen Geschichtsschreibung und andererseits in der Epoche der Aufklärung steht, und inwiefern die Reformen von Maria Theresia diesen entsprechen.
„Die Starken, Helden wanken, doch Theresia stehet.“ Siebenbürgische Traueroden zum Tode Maria Theresias*
Authors: János Szabolcs
Published: June 2019

Am 29. November des Jahres 1780 starb die Kaiserin und Königin Maria Theresia, und ihr mitregierender Sohn Joseph II. übernahm die Regentschaft im Habsburgerreich. Dieser Moment gab für die literarisch tätigen Intellektuellen im gesamten Habsburgerreich Anlass Lob- und Huldigungsgedichte zu verfassen. In erster Linie waren es Epicedien (Traueroden), eine andere, weit verbreitete Textsorte war die literarisch anspruchsvolle Trauerpredigt, die gleichzeitig auch als Panegyrik zu deuten ist.

Der Tod der Großfürstin wurde auch in Siebenbürgen von Vielen als historische Krisensituation betrachtet. Welche Ängste und Erwartungen in Siebenbürgen in diesem geschichtsträchtigen Moment auftauchen, lässt sich an den Gedichten ablesen, die aus diesem Anlass von verschiedenen siebenbürgisch-sächsischen Autoren verfasst wurden. Zu den Autoren gehören vor allem Kleriker wie der Stadtpfarrer in Hermannstadt und Dekan des Kapitels, Daniel Filtsch; Professoren der Gymnasien wie z.B. Martin Traugott Closius, Rektor des Kronstädter Gymnasiums; der Konrektor Johann Roth, der Lektor Samuel Schramm. Die wohl bekannteste Persönlichkeit ist aber der Historiker, Sprachforscher und Dichter Johann Seivert, der zugleich stellvertretender Rektor des Hermannstädter Gymnasiums und später Hammersdorfer Pfarrer war.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie die politischen Bestrebungen von Maria Theresia in Siebenbürgen literarisch rezipiert, bzw. in verschiedenen literarischen Textsorten beurteilt worden sind. Darüber hinaus wird versucht, das im kulturellen Gedächtnis der Siebenbürger Sachsen erhaltene, literarisch geformte Bild der Großfürstin von Siebenbürgen zu untersuchen.
Burial Mound 7 of Sara Burial Ground (D.I. Zakharov’s Excavations, 1928): Historiographic Research
Authors: Fedorov Vitaliy
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to historiographic research of the excavation materials from mound 7 of Sara burial ground. The excavations took place in the Eastern Orenburg area in 1928. The materials of these excavations entered scientific circulation in 1960 and contained serious errors, which greatly distorted the discoveries made there. B.F. Zhelezchikov, archaeologist from Volgograd, was the first to pay attention to this fact in 1997 but he just mentioned it briefly. We have conducted our own archival research and this article presents its results. The paper fully publishes the text of D.I. Zakharov’s report, his plan of Sara burial ground, the plan and cross-section view of mound 7 excavated by him. The paper characterizes the photos of the finds attached to Zakharov’s report as well. While comparing Zakharov’s data with the information which entered scientific circulation in the middle of the previous century under the name of “mound 7 of the burial ground near the village of Sara” we identified “extra” artifacts included into the report accidentally. For example, an iron dagger, most arrowheads, all items of horse harness, a whetstone, a stone tile and some decorations were excluded from the finds supposedly made in this mound. The letter from director of Orenburg Museum I.A. Zaretskiy confirmed the earlier suggestions that these objects were found during grave robberies and accidentally included into the collection of finds from mound 7 of Sara burial ground. The paper publishes an excerpt from this letter. We restored the true picture of the excavations of 1928 and observed the burial rite of the burial in mound 7 – cremation at the side of the burial.
The Materials to the Porthmion Chronology
Authors: Stoyanov Roman
Published: June 2019

The Bosporus expedition of the Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences conducted a small archaeological research in the northwestern sector of Porthmion in 2002–2003. Two exploration trenches were laid on the excavation area. Archaeological assemblages of the trenches contain information on historical chronology of the settlement. The fire-destruction layer recorded in trench 1 marks the period of destabilization of Greek-barbarian relations in the region, probably connected with the activity of nomadic tribes during the early 5th c. BC. The foundations of the residential building identified in trench 2 refer to the 4th c. BC. This period was associated with the relatively calm reign of the Spartokids dynasty in the Bosporus. Traces of active building dating back to the early 2nd c. BC are associated with the period of the so-called Bosporus “cultural revival”, which took place against a background of stabilization in the region after the Sarmatian invasion.
The Ordsall Chord, UK: conservation architecture and engineering – part 1: project overview
Authors: Duguid Brian , Bone Bernadette , Birdi Jutinder
Published: June 2019

The Ordsall Chord is a new railway connecting the main-line stations in Manchester, UK, for the first time, reducing congestion, introducing new passenger services and bringing significant economic benefits. The new railway intersects the line of George Stephenson’s 1830 Liverpool and Manchester Railway and connects to two further nineteenth-century railway viaducts. It had a significant physical and visual impact on highly sensitive heritage assets. This first part of a pair of companion papers summarises the project and explains the history of the heritage structures, the consent process and the taken overall approach to conservation architecture and engineering. The design carefully considered the physical, visual and contextual relationship between old and new structures. This paper summarises the structural monitoring work undertaken on the existing brick railway. Other significant works, such as demolition, underpinning and refurbishment of historic metal bridges, are presented and explained. The paper summarises some of the building recording, archaeological investigation and public-realm landscaping works undertaken.
Marketing del chocolate en pymes de México
Authors: Camacho - Gómez Manuela
Published: June 2019

Este artículo se refiere a los componentes básicos identificados en el marketing que utilizan las empresas del cacao y el chocolate en México. La investigación se guió por el enfoque cualitativo fenomenológico. Las pymes identificadas y estudiadas son de origen y capital mexicano, sumaron un total de 21 organizaciones ubicadas en al menos once entidades del país donde destacan las zonas del sureste, occidente y centro. El análisis se desarrolló desde la perspectiva de Jerome McCarthy, quien introdujo el concepto de las 4 P’s del marketing. Para este caso, se observa en los hallazgos la presencia predominante de estrategias de marketing en tres P’s: producto, promoción y plaza
ON RING DEFORMATION BY INTERNAL PRESSURE
Authors: Volkov V. P. , Salikhyanov D. R.
Published: June 2019

Large-sized rings, manufactured by various methods of metal forming, are used in many industries. For the power industry, it is relevant to manufacture of retaining rings made of non-magnetic austenitic steel in order to strengthen the winding frontal parts of the rotors of turbine-type generators of a large unit capacity. In the process of generator operating, the retaining ring is one of the most loaded elements. As a result, material of retaining rings should have high strength properties, sufficient plasticity and good magnetic inductivity. Deformation of rings by internal pressure is the most promising and effective way of their cold hardening, providing a favorable and uniform stress-strain state of the metal in the manufacture of non-magnetic retaining rings for powerful turbine-type generators. Since the finished ring must acquire specific dimensions and a specified deformation degree in the process of cold hardening, the urgent task is calculation of the billet dimensions. The existing calculation procedure relies heavily on experimental manufacture data and is applicable only to a narrow range of rings, which reduces the accuracy of calculation and, ultimately, leads to an increase in ring allowances and a decrease in the metal utilization factor. In this research work a new technique for calculating the initial dimensions of rings, which is based on the incompressibility condition was developed and proposed. Taking into account the assumed boundary conditions, a system of two equations with three terms is compiled. To solve an incomplete equation system, it was suggested to introduce additional equations – in first version of the technique, the well-known solution of Nadai was used. In the second version – the condition of constancy of relative thickness of the ring wall permissible from the experimental data of deformation of rings of different sizes was used. The results of calculating the rings initial dimensions for both proposed techniques were compared with the experimental data. The maximum deviation from experimental data does not exceed 4 % and the deviation average value does not exceed 1 %, which indicates a sufficiently high accuracy of the proposed calculation techniques and the possibility of using them in manufacturing practice.
INTERACTION OF MOLTEN SLAG WITH SOLID PHASE OF RED SLUDGE
Authors: Lebedev A. B. , Utkov V. A. , Gutema E. M.
Published: June 2019

Granulated blast furnace slag is steadily used in large quantities in production of cements, in road construction, agriculture and in other areas of engineering and technology. Peculiarity of its production process is active interaction of molten metallurgical slag with cooling liquid. Simultaneously and instantly, slag solidifies and the mass of the latter breaks up in the atmosphere of hot steam into small particles due to critical stresses occurring. The problem is that during granulation of slags, usually containing sulfur, large amount of harmful substances (sulfur oxide and hydrogen sulfde) is released into the atmosphere. Its concentration at work sites - sites of granulation many times exceeds the MPC. To combat this phenomenon, finely dispersed, expensive lime or limestone is introduced into the composition of cooling liquid. This is associated with high costs for the construction of crushing, grinding and dust treatment equipment. In addition, placement of such equipment is hampered by the lack of free space in the blast furnaces. In this work, it is shown that lime and limestone can be replaced by fine red mud (RM), a waste from the production of alumina from bauxite. This material also has properties of absorption of sulfur compounds from the gas phase. The problem of its processing is also an urgent task. At present, RM is located in sludge storage facilities that are harmful to environment, and destruction of the enclosing dam leads to an environmental catastrophe (Hungary, 2010). This article presents the results of study of RM use. Sorption properties of RM of 6 plants were studied under laboratory conditions. The samples of granulated slag obtained in the process of interaction with RM were investigated. Laboratory and industrial tests were conducted. It was found that with its help, concentration of sulfur gases at granulation work sites can be reduced by twice. It is important that the new granulated slag, called “sludge-slag” in this case, is not inferior to the usual one by its basic technological properties.
DEVELOPMENT AND INDUSTRIAL TESTING OF THE SYSTEM OF SLAG CUT-OFF AT STEEL CASTING PROCESS
Authors: Eremenko Yu. I. , Poleshchenko D. A.
Published: June 2019

The authors have analyzed the existing approaches to solve a problem of determining the moment of slag outcome beginning during steel casting from a ladle to a tundish. The solution of this problem is considered in two aspects: the first is the choice of best way to generate a diagnostic signal from the position of the price/quality ratio of its handling, and the second is the development of a method to process this signal in order to obtain useful information. A scheme is proposed to receive a signal of vibration acceleration from a sensor installed on a manipulator of the ladle protective tube. A product sample is developed to arrange that. It provides protection from the influence of industrial disturbances on the sensor. In order to analyze the vibration acceleration signal, the criteria to determine the moment of the slag outcome beginning were determined based on entropy energy calculation. This method and a system developed on its basis are tested under industrial conditions for a real object. The only condition for effective operation of the developed criteria is selection of the subsystem of steel level maintenance at final casting step to the manual mode to eliminate the disturbances from the movement of the slide shutter used to control the flow of liquid steel. According to the results of experiments under real conditions, it was found that the slide shutter control shutdown is to be performed if weight of the ladle content is from 18 to 19 tons approximately. In this mode of operation, the operator has always been able to found such a rate of steel discharge that the level of steel in the tundish is within the technological requirements. As a result, it is possible to ensure the proposed algorithm triggering for each casting earlier than the operator stops the process manually. At the same time, the amount of steel with slag left in ladle does not exceed 3.8 tons comparing to the moment of the slag cut-off made by the operator.
THERMODYNAMICS OF LIQUID NITROGEN SOLUTIONS IN CHROMIUM
Authors: Bol’shov L. A. , Korneichuk S. K.
Published: June 2019

A simple theory of thermodynamic properties of liquid nitrogen solutions in Fe – Cr alloys is proposed based on lattice model of the considered solutions. The model assumes a FCC lattice. In the sites of this lattice are the atoms of Fe and Cr. Nitrogen atoms are located in octahedral interstices. The nitrogen atom interacts only with the metal atoms located in the lattice sites neighboring to it. It is assumed that the energy of this interaction depends neither on the composition nor on the temperature. It is supposed that the solution in the Fe – Cr system is perfect. Within the framework of the proposed theory, a relation is obtained that expresses the value of the Sieverts law constant for solubility of N in liquid Cr through the similar constant for the solubility of N in liquid Fe and the Wagner N – Cr interaction coefficient in liquid Fe. A relation is also obtained to express the partial enthalpy of nitrogen dissolution in liquid Cr through the similar quantity for N in liquid Fe and Wagner N – Cr interaction coefficient in liquid Fe. A formula is deduced that establishes a connection between the Wagner N – Fe interaction coefficient in liquid Cr and N-Cr interaction coefficient in liquid Fe. Using the formulas obtained, value of the Sieverts law constant for the solubility of nitrogen in liquid Cr, the enthalpy of dissolution of N in liquid Cr and value of the Wagner N – Fe interaction coefficient in liquid Cr extrapolated to a temperature of 1873 K are calculated. The calculation results are compared with results of the experimental study of nitrogen solubility in liquid Cr carried out by different researchers using different methods. The theory results are in the best agreement with experimental data obtained by the sampling method. Values of the Wagner N – N interaction coefficient in liquid Cr and liquid Fe are discussed.
Turist Rehberlerinin Mesleki Yeterliliklerinin Destinasyon İmajına ve Memnuniyetine Etkisi
Authors: ÜNAL Caner , CABER Meltem
Published: June 2019

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Turizm ile ilgili alanyazında turistlerin ziyaret ettikleri destinasyonlara yönelik imaj algıları ve genel memnuniyetleri ile kendilerine eşlik eden turist rehberlerine yönelik değerlendirmeleri bir arada ele alan sınırlı sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Bu çalışmanın başlıca amacı, turistlerin katıldıkları turu yöneten turist rehberinin mesleki yeterliliğine yönelik algılarının, destinasyona yönelik imajlarına ve memnuniyetlerine etkisini ortaya koyabilmektir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulguların, bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamaya katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmüştür. Bu amaçla ilgili alanyazındaki kuramsal ve deneysel çalışmalardan yararlanılarak, bir araştırma modeli geliştirilmiştir. Modelin test edilebilmesi amacıyla, kolayda örneklem yöntemi ile Antalya şehir turuna katılan Alman turistlere yönelik bir anket çalışması gerçekleştirilerek, 307 adet veri toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, turist rehberlerinin mesleki yeterlilikleri, algılanan destinasyon imajı ve genel memnuniyet arasında istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Turist rehberinin mesleki yeterliliğinin turist memnuniyeti üzerindeki etkisi yüksek bir seviyededir. Destinasyon imajının bilişsel boyutunda ‘sosyal çevre ve olanaklar’ ve duygusal boyutunda ‘canlandırıcı’lık, genel turist memnuniyetine en fazla etki yapan hususlardır. 
An Individual's Right to Criminological Security: the Concept, Content, and Place in the System of National Security of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kolotkina Oхana , Minnikes Ilia , Yagofarova Inara
Published: June 2019

Russian legislation has incorporated strategic documents in the sphere of security - the Strategy of National Security of the Russian Federation and the Concept of Public Security of the Russian Federation, - which has rendered the research of criminological security of a person, society and the state especially urgent. The interests of a person connected with ensuring his/her criminological security are often viewed in modern research through the prism of the interests of the state and the society in general. However, the authors believe that the criminological security of a person has a dual nature and combines the elements of both individual and common interests in the sphere of ensuring national security. The criminological security of a person should be given a legal form, and the authors support the idea that a person has a right to the protection of his/her vital interests against the unlawful infringements and other negative factors of criminogenic character, which should be provided through the law enforcement activities. The right of a person to criminological security, although absent from the list of constitutional rights and freedoms, has a distinct natural law, fundamental character, so the state should create such conditions that make it possible to predict, minimize, prevent and eliminate criminogenic threats, and this right should act as a legal guarantor of fulfilling other constitutional rights and freedoms. In this connection, the authors insist that it is possible and necessary to recognize the right of an individual for criminological security at the legislative level; this rights contents are unique compared to other fundamental rights and should be duly guaranteed by the state. If the criminological security of a person is given a legal form, this will make it possible to strike a balance between the interests of an individual, the society and the state in the ensurance of national security and its specific types.
Problems of Qualifying Crimes Under Article 273 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation at the Stage of Initiating Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Evdokimov Konstantin , Taskaev Nikolai
Published: June 2019

At present public relations in all most vital spheres of the life of Russian society (science, education, economy, finance, defense, public safety, etc.) are seriously threatened by cybercrimes, which are constantly evolving and changing acquiring a transnational, organized, economic and political identity in the Russian Federation. The economic damage inflicted on the Russian society by cybercrimes is tremendous and could be counted in hundreds of billions of rubles and, sadly, is it growing from year to year. Especially difficult is the investigation of cybercrimes connected with the creation, use and dissemination of harmful software (Art. 273 of the CC of the RF). The use of harmful software is often a method of committing other crimes and reaching other criminal goals not immediately connected with damaging computer information protected by law. There are no clarifications of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation regarding the court practice on criminal cases of cybercrimes, and the investigators make numerous mistakes in the legal assessment of criminal actions at the stage of initiating criminal proceedings as well as at other stages of preliminary investigation. Meanwhile, the legal qualification of cybercrimes at the stage of initiating criminal proceedings has a fundamental importance for resolving most vital legal and procedural problems in the investigation of such crimes as well as for the court hearing and passing a fair guilty verdict on a case. The authors analyze Russian court and investigation practice on criminal cases involving the creation, use and dissemination of harmful software as well as related offences. They offer recommendations on the most complete legal definition of crimes under Art. 273 of the CC of the RF and present their suggestions on improving court practice at the stage of initiating criminal proceedings.
Juvenile Delinquency Prevention: the Experience of the USA and New Zealand
Authors: Dorodonova Natalia , Evstifeeva Ekaterina , Ilgova Ekaterina
Published: June 2019

The paper presents a comparative legal analysis of the legislative regulation aimed at preventing minors from committing crimes and offenses in the USA and New Zealand. The authors describe the structures of state agencies responsible for preventing minors from committing crimes and offenses. The presented analysis of international legal norms and standards shows that juvenile crime prevention is an important part of juvenile justice in other countries; it is aimed at the rehabilitation of minors in the society, creation of favorable conditions and the influence, if necessary, on the minors family. The authors note that juvenile justice models and prevention programs differ from country to country because every country has its own specific economic, social and political conditions. The countries that use the punitive model base their juvenile crime prevention on the concept of ensuring control over crime, on an accusatory attitude towards minors. The restorative model is aimed at ensuring the social rehabilitation of a juvenile delinquent, at correcting his/her unlawful conduct, at preventing repeat offenses. The authors examine the experience of prevention programs and initiatives that could be used by Russian agencies dealing with juvenile crime prevention. They present statistical data on juvenile crime in the USA and New Zealand in 2009-2016. The authors conclude that it is possible to use American and New Zealand experience in juvenile crime prevention for the improvement of the national strategy of preventing juvenile crimes and offenses and counteracting them.
Vegetation Monitoring Protocol for measuring and collecting ecological data v1
Authors: Hufft Rebecca , Alba Christina , Sahud Amy
Published: June 2019

This protocol outlines the basic methods for measuring understory percent cover, soil moisture, tree canopy cover, and plant species richness, as well as for collecting plant specimens to be vouchered in the herbarium. These measurements estimate the abundance and presence of plant species in an area, and link them to environmental conditions (soil water and light availability) that may affect their distributions. Together, these data can reveal patterns in plant community or ecosystem processes. The understory percent cover measurements will be made using the line-point intercept method. In this method, a 25m transect is placed along the ground with a 25m by 1m belt transect to either side of it. Percent cover is measured along the transect, along with soil moisture and tree canopy cover. Plant richness is measured in the belt transect and the plant vouchering is done outside of the transect and belt transect area.
HTAPP_EZ Nuclei Isolation from frozen tissue v1
Authors: Habib Naomi , Mccabe Cristin , Drokhlyansky Eugene , Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit , Regev Aviv
Published: June 2019

This protocol describes a nuclei isolation method based on the previously publishedDroNc-seq step-by-step protocol (linkbelow) with some modifications and instructions for loading the nuclei on 10X genomics. For the HTAPP project, this protocol was tested on pediatric neuroblastoma samples. For this cancer type, however, the TST nuclei isolation method was the protocol of choice. The TST method is part of a toolbox for processing frozen tissue samples, including the TST, CST and TST protocols (all available in protocols.io). The EZ method was developed for brain tissue (link), and when tested on HTAPP samples, it underperformed compared to TST, CST and NST, based on several QC parameters. We recommend users to test all protocols on their tissue type of interest, and perform side-by-side comparison of the data generated.
HTAPP_Smart-Seq2 Version 6.1 (SS2-M for nuclei) v1
Authors: Kowalczyk Monika , Trombetta John , Drokhlyansky Eugene , Van Wittenberghe Nicholas , Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit , Regev Aviv
Published: June 2019

This protocol describes a modified version of Smart-Seq2 (Trombetta et al.) with altered steps to obtain full-length transcriptomic data from single nuclei.
Copy of Testing authorship in DOI protocols v1
Authors: not provided Jane
Published: June 2019

Test
HTAPP_Dissociation of human ovarian cancer resection to a single-cell suspension for single-cell RNA-seq v1
Authors: Wakiro Isaac , Napolitano Sara , Wu Jingyi , Vigneau Sébastien , Rotem Asaf , Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit , Johnson Bruce , Regev Aviv
Published: June 2019

This protocol is used for the dissociation of human ovarian cancer specimens resected from the ovary and omentum into a single-cell suspension compatible with loading into the 10x Genomics Single-Cell RNA-seq system. It is based on Miltenyi Human Tumor Dissociation Kit, which was previously reported to successfully dissociate ovarian tumors for multiparametric mass cytometry (CyTOF) (Gonzalez et al, 2018).
HTAPP_Depletion of CD45+ cells from ovarian cancer ascites single cell suspensions for single-cell RNA-Seq v1
Authors: Izar Benjamin , Shah Parin , Su Mei-Ju , Wakiro Isaac , Napolitano Sara , Wu Jingyi , Vigneau Sébastien , Rotem Asaf , Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit , Johnson Bruce , Regev Aviv
Published: June 2019

This protocol is adapted from the CD45 MicroBeads MACS Separation protocol from Miltenyi Biotec (Cat No 130-045-801). CD45+ cells are labeled with microbeads following which, on passing through a MACS column in a magnetic field, they are retained within the column while the CD45- cells flow through and are collected for single-cell RNA-seq.
Critical Reflection as Motivational Strategy of Learning Critical Reading
Authors: Alem Yeshambel Tadele
Published: June 2019

The study investigated the effect critical reflection exerted on students’ motivation of learning EFL critical reading.  In this respect, the present study conducted quasi-experimental research design. 32 participants were involved in the control group while 31 were in the experimental one. According to the pre-intervention questionnaire results by using independent samples T-test test of data analysis, participants of the control and the experimental groups were almost homogeneously motivated while learning critical reading although random assignment was not possible. In similar with the pre-intervention questionnaire, 30 questions were also asked to participants (control and experimental groups) as post-intervention questionnaire to evaluate to what extent participants improved their motivation of learning EFL critical reading after practicing critical reflection. The post-intervention questionnaire results proved that critical reflection has the effect in enhancing students’ motivation of learning EFL critical reading regarding independent samples T-test test of data analysis.
Extensive Reading for University EFL Learners: Its Effects and Both Teachers' and Learners' Views
Authors: Wang Chaochang , Ho Chu-Tai
Published: June 2019

The effect of reading on general communicative competence remains a focus of second language acquisition research. Extensive reading, in particular, provides rich input and helps learners acquire languages. Research has provided findings that support the value of extensive reading (ER); however, there is scant evidence to date showing the relationship of extensive reading to overall competence and, particularly, writing competence. The present study investigated the relationship of ER to overall English language competence as well as teachers’ and students’ views about its implementation. The participants were 190 Taiwanese university freshmen and their three English instructors. The data includes scores on pre- and post-tests measuring students’ listening, reading, and writing as well as questionnaire responses and interview accounts. The findings of the study indicate that the effectiveness of ER for the student participants is partially supported and, hence, have implications for English teaching and learning in EFL contexts.
Returning to Nature: An Eco-critical Study of “Big Two-Hearted River”
Authors: Wang Yufeng
Published: June 2019

“Big Two-Hearted River” is one of the Nick Adams Stories from Ernest Hemingway’s short story collection In Our Time. The story is told in a detailed description of Nick’s “trivial” experience in his Michigan resort after the veteran was back from the First World War. Up to now, the Nick Adams stories together with Hemingway’s other works have been interpreted by literary critics from different perspectives, among which the code hero image, death consciousness, nihilism, alienation and the artistic features are usually focused upon. This article intends to investigate “Big Two-Hearted River” from an eco-critical point of view. The study points out that Hemingway expressed his ecological consciousness in this short story about the harmonious relationship between man and nature; through the detailed narration of Nick’s simple experience of camping and fishing, “Big Two-Hearted River” vividly exposes the theme of returning to nature. The study actually reflects Hemingway’s ecological consciousness based on his yearning towards the beauty of nature.
Exploring the Impact of VAK Learning Style on Teenager Level Language Learners in Indonesia
Authors: Bakri Rina Asrini , Rahman M. Asfah , Jabu Baso , Jassruddin Jassruddin
Published: June 2019

This study aims at finding out whether Visual Auditory Kinesthetic (VAK) learning styles improve the It presents pre experimental design  to see the impact of  VAK learning style with one group pre-tested and post-tested, employing oral testing. The target group of this study was teenager level language learners at a school in Makassar Indonesia in the 2015/2016 academic year. Twenty nine students with average speaking ability participated in this study. A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants.  The data was collected through an oral proficiency. The results of the data analysis indicated that there was a significant difference in the students’ English speaking skills before and after being trained using the VAK learning style. Results indicated that post-test was greater than pre-test in accuracy, fluency, comprehensibility. Based on the result of analysis can be concluded that the adoption of the VAK learning style can improve the English speaking skills and the methodology can be used as a preliminary strategy to assess students’ learning capability.