bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional analysis and forecasting the relationship between indicators of industrial-technological development and the level of economic security
Authors: Ilyash Olha , Smoliar Liubov , Lupak Ruslan , Duliaba Nataliia , Dzhadan Iryna , Kohut Maryana , Radov Denys
Published: November 2021

A theoretical-applied model has been built for analyzing industrial-technological development directly within the system of economic security. A system of indicators has been constructed that are mutually agreed in the context of the analysis of the state of economic security and components of industrial-technological development (investment, international, environmental, educational, scientific, industrial, innovative, technological). Based on the system of indicators, analysis of variance in the industrial-technological development and level of economic security was carried out. The levels of correlation of indicators (high, medium, low) have been determined, based on which the interrelations of industrial-technological development and economic security were systematized. A graphic-analytical and regression procedure was used to define the correlation dependence of industrial-technological development on economic security. The industrial-technological development has been forecasted in terms of the indicators with high correlation (the level of investment, openness of the economy, export of high-tech products, industrial products index) and medium correlation (the share of renewable energy consumption, the level of expenditures on education to GDP, the share of specialists performing scientific and technical work). The system of indicators of economic security assessment has been expanded in terms of its individual components (investment-innovative, foreign economic, energy, social, macroeconomic security), taking into consideration aspects in the industrial-technological development. Using the reported analytical and predictive results makes it possible to establish groups of factors that influence the industrial-technological development and economic security. In this way, it becomes possible to identify those tools and means whose application could ensure an increase in the level of industrial-technological development and economic security
Structural modification of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin for searching new antibiotics to combat drug-resistant bacteria
Authors: Hryhoriv Halyna , Mariutsa Illia , Kovalenko Sergiy M. , Sidorenko Lyudmila , Perekhoda Lina , Filimonova Nataliia , Geyderikh Olga , Georgiyants Victoriya
Published: November 2021

The aim of the work. Among all the representatives of four generations of fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) and norfloxacin (NOR) remain widely used and prescribed antibiotics in clinical practice. However, the problem of resistance towards them is gradually increasing. Thus, our investigation is dedicated to chemical modification of C-7 position of Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin ring as a promising solution to combat antibiotic resistance and open a pathway towards convenient synthesis of new fluoroquinolones derivatives.

Materials and methods. The subjects of the research were N-piperazine-substituted ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. The methods of molecular docking and organic synthesis were applied in the study. The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR, LC/MS, IR, UV spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity was measured by the method of double serial dilutions against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Candida albicans (NCTC 885-653) and diffusion in agar method against clinical strains.

The results. 7-(4-(2-Cyanoacetyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-R-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acids were synthesized and their structures were confirmed. The obtained compounds showed the antibacterial activity on the reference level for double dilution method and exceeded control for “well” method.

Conclusions. The current investigation revealed the promising route for the expanding of the existing fluoroquinolones diversity. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics changes could be achieved by chemical modifications of C-7 position of the initial ring. Further research utilizing the obtained compounds as starting ones opens a promising way to novel active molecules synthesis and combating the problem of antibiotic resistance
Comparative pharmakognostical study of roots of Rosa Majalis Herrm. and Rosa Canina L.
Authors: Oproshanska Tetiana , Khvorost Olga , Skrebtsova Kateryna , Vitkevicius Konradas
Published: November 2021

The aim is to conduct a comparative pharmacognostical study of the series of roots of Rosa (R.) majalis Herrm. and Rosa (R.) canina L. with the establishment of diagnostic features of morphological and anatomical structure and boundary limits of numerical indicators of raw materials.

Materials and methods. The fresh and dry raw materials were used to study the macroscopic microscopic features by microscope Delta optical BioLight 300 (Poland). Determination of total polyphenols was performed by spectrophotometry (on a spectrophotometer Optizen POP (Korea)) and HPLC (chromatograph an Agilent 1200 3 D LC System Technologies (USA)).

Results. The morphological (nature of the surface (periderm) and fracture) and anatomical (color of cell walls and their cavities; location of the sclerenchyma; the presence of a crystalline coating of the sclerenchyma at the root of R. canina; of various elements of the remains of the tetraarchic conducting bundle in the center of the root) diagnostical features of roots of R. majalis and R. Canina were established.

Comparing the numerical values of loss on drying (not more than 10 %), total ash (not more than 5 %), extractable matter (not less than 9 %) and the quantitative content of total polyphenols (not less than 4 %) it was determined that both types of raw materials according to these indicators are almost indistinguishable.

Conclusions. Loss on drying, total ash, extractable matter and content of total polyphenols of the root of R. majalis and R. canina do not have significant differences, that is why the root of both plant species can be used as medicinal plant raw materials such as “Rose root”. The obtained data will be used in further research when creating methods of quality control of plant raw materials and phytomedicines
The effect of fluoxetine and imipramine on the improvement of depressive-like behaviors and HPA axis (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex) activity – an animal model
Authors: Khaleel Raghad Abdulsalam , Shareef Saja Majeed , Hameed Zinah Essam , Alsaraf Khulood Majid , Nassar Maadh Fawzi
Published: November 2021

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders and numerous medications are used to reduce the psychotic symptoms.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of two commonly used antidepressant drugs, including Fluoxetine (Flx) and Imipramine (IMP) to improve depressive-like behaviors as well as the activity of hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal cortex (HPA).
Methods: Initially, 40 adult male albino rats weighing 25±5g were selected for this experimental study. The animals were kept or housed in separate cages under standard temperature (25±1°C) and light-dark conditions (12 hours light/dark cycle). Rats were divided into four groups: each group containing 10 rats, control, immobility stress, Flx receiver, and IMP receiver. Polyethylene restrainer was used to induce immobility stress for 14 days. Finally, the parameters of IMT, ST, serum levels of corticosterone and glucose were evaluated in all four mentioned groups.
Results: The results showed that the patient group's immobility time (IMT) increased compared to the control group, but the patient group's swimming time (ST) decreased compared to the control group. The effect of immobility stress on IMT, ST, corticosterone, and glucose factors in the patient group was increasing and decreasing, respectively, whereas the effect of Flx drug on these mentioned factors was decreasing, increasing and respectively, while the effect of IMP on all mentioned factors was decreasing and increasing, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that the antidepressant Flx and IMP drugs have various effects on the HPA activity, and the application of immobility stress causes depressive-behavior. Moreover, Flx is more effective than IMP in the treatment of depressive behaviors
A comparative analysis of text data classification accuracy and speed using neural networks, Bloom filter and naive Bayes
Authors: Hryshchenko Olena , Yaremenko Vadym
Published: November 2021

The object of research is the methods of fast classification for solving text data classification problems. The need for this study is due to the rapid growth of textual data, both in digital and printed forms. Thus, there is a need to process such data using software, since human resources are not able to process such an amount of data in full.
A large number of data classification approaches have been developed. The conducted research is based on the application of the following methods of classification of text data: Bloom filter, naive Bayesian classifier and neural networks to a set of text data in order to classify them into categories. Each method has both disadvantages and advantages. This paper will reflect the strengths and weaknesses of each method on a specific example. These algorithms were comparatively among themselves in terms of speed and efficiency, that is, the accuracy of determining the belonging of a text to a certain class of classification. The work of each method was considered on the same data sets with a change in the amount of training and test data, as well as with a change in the number of classification groups. The dataset used contains the following classes: world, business, sports, and science and technology. In real conditions of the classification of such data, the number of categories is much larger than that considered in the work, and may have subcategories in its composition.
In the course of this study, each method was analyzed using different parameter values to obtain the best result. Analyzing the results obtained, the best results for the classification of text data were obtained using a neural network.
Analysis of the experimental ballast water treatment system
Authors: Tiron-Vorobiova Nataliia , Danylyan Anatoliy
Published: November 2021

The object of research is the experimentally created model of the accompanying ballast water treatment systems (BWTS) at the Danube Institute of the National University «Odessa Maritime Academy». (Izmail, Odessa region, Ukraine). The study is aimed at assessing the compliance of ballast water quality standard D-2 ballast water operational cycles by disinfection and purification. One of the most problematic places of the presented research is the renewal (acquisition) of a separate node segmentation of the experimental BWTS with attraction of certain material support (investment). In particular, it is the scaling of BWTS, presentation in the state market of Ukraine, abroad (competition), qualitative assessment, certification at the level of the Ukrainian Sea Ports Administration (USPA), the register of maritime shipping.
Elimination of the above «problem-tasks» will contribute to the collective research support, opinion and effective steps of professionals-researchers, in particular, in the maritime industry (experts IMO – International Maritime Organization, professors, academicians TAS – Transport Academy of Sciences). Also, compatible contribution of significant research results to separately oriented projects (European, Ukrainian) with attraction of investors, mentors, maritime industry business.
The research used modern practices of design of such accompanying BWTS, referring to innovative methods, methodologies of global production of such structures of famous world brands, for example, Alfa Laval, Wartsila, OceanSaver, Hyde Marine, Industrie de Nora, etc. Researchers have qualitatively and consistently studied the generally accepted series of technological processes for ballast water treatment, observing classical according to the analytical review of literature sources and in the modern coverage (state) of similar stages of ballast water decontamination/cleaning.
Qualitative expression of the received result is a number of conducted researches of disinfection/purification of sea outboard water in laboratory conditions on experimental BWTS. Thanks to the latter the reliability of the presented data is provided, which coincide (are identical) with trustworthy, established by the BW quality standard D-2, that are specified in discussion and conclusion of the given work.
Development of a method for maintaining the performance of drilling fluids during transportation by Platform Supply Vessel
Authors: Maryanov Denis
Published: November 2021

The object of research is the process of transportation of drilling fluid used for lubrication and cooling of drilling equipment of offshore oil production platforms. The subject of the study is the stratification of the density of the drilling fluid along the height of the cargo tank in which it is transported. The technology of transportation of drilling fluid on the Platform Supply Vessel is considered. A problematic point in ensuring this process is that during the transportation of drilling fluids, due to the action of gravitational forces on organic and inorganic compounds in their volume, there is a latent change in their dispersion over the volume of the fluid. This leads to the stratification and stratification of the fluid density along the height, as well as to the formation of sediments at the bottom of the cargo tanks, in which the drilling fluid is transported. The study is aimed at developing a technology that maintains a constant value of the density of the drilling fluid along the depth of the tank in which it is transported. The studies were carried out in the vessel system for transporting drilling fluid of a specialized marine vessel of the Platform Supply Vessel type with a deadweight of 5850 tons. It is experimentally established that for a transportation time of 6–36 hours, the density stratification of the drilling fluid is 3.04–32.04 %. As a method that ensures the minimum stratification of the density of the drilling fluid during its transportation, it is proposed to use an additional X-shaped circulation of the drilling fluid in the volume of adjacent cargo tanks. Studies have confirmed that the density stratification over a time period of 6–36 hours decreases to a range of 2.30–9.01 %. The complex use of additional X-shaped circulation and simultaneous air supply to the bottom of the cargo tank provides a density stratification value of 0.73–2.93 %. The proposed technology was tested on a specialized seagoing vessel of the Platform Supply Vessel type with a deadweight of 5850 tons and can be used on offshore vessels that ensure the operation of offshore oil production platforms.
Development of the system of energy and resource saving during the operation of the gas pumping unit
Authors: Kologrivov Mykhailo , Buzovskyi Vitalii
Published: November 2021

The object of research is the fuel gas system of a gas turbine engine. The study of the use of secondary energy resources of the gas-pumping unit at the compressor station of the main pipeline has been carried out. The work of a gas turbine engine, including the work of the fuel gas system, is considered. The main drawback of the fuel gas system is revealed – ineffective use of excess gas pressure. An informational analysis of the options that eliminate the identified drawback is carried out. It is shown that in order to eliminate the disadvantage, it is advisable to use a turbo-expander at the compressor station to utilize the excess pressure of the fuel gas. It is also shown that the operation of a fuel gas turboexpander to drive an additional air compressor as part of a gas turbine engine is impractical. An expander-generator set with the generation of additional electricity at the compressor station is recommended for use.
Modeling the operation of the utilization system made it possible to recommend constructive proposals for its improvement. A schematic diagram of a system for the complex utilization of excess pressure of fuel gas and heat of combustion products from the operation of a gas turbine engine is proposed. The system of complex utilization includes parts-generator unit, heat exchanger for cooling process gas and heat exchanger for firing gas. Regenerative heating of fuel gas up to 250 °С reduces energy consumption for heating it up to the ignition temperature.
A model of a robot installation of the type GPU 16/56-1.44 (Ukraine) is carried out. It is determined that when a component engine of the J-59 (Ukraine) type with a shaft power of 16 MW operates, it is possible to additionally receive 102 kW of electricity and save 64 m3/h of fuel gas. It is revealed that the subcooling of the process gas does not play a significant role in reducing energy consumption during its transportation. It is recommended to use the process gas to heat the cold fuel gas stream downstream of the turboexpander to positive temperatures. The integrated utilization system is not a simple connection of an expander-generator set and two heat exchangers along the flow of the fuel gas. As a result of its operation, a significant reduction in the consumption of fuel gas and electricity is achieved. The disadvantages that hinder the implementation of a comprehensive disposal system are identified. This is the use of equipment for generating electricity at a compressor station. It is uncharacteristic for the operation of the station and requires additional qualifications in service. It is also required that the characteristics of industrial expander-generator sets correspond to the fuel gas consumption of a gas turbine engine.
Development of software and algorithms of parallel learning of artificial neural networks using CUDA technologies
Authors: Sokolovskyy Yaroslav , Manokhin Denys , Kaplunsky Yaroslav , Mokrytska Olha
Published: November 2021

The object of research is to parallelize the learning process of artificial neural networks to automate the procedure of medical image analysis using the Python programming language, PyTorch framework and Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) technology. The operation of this framework is based on the Define-by-Run model. The analysis of the available cloud technologies for realization of the task and the analysis of algorithms of learning of artificial neural networks is carried out. A modified U-Net architecture from the MedicalTorch library was used. The purpose of its application was the need for a network that can effectively learn with small data sets, as in the field of medicine one of the most problematic places is the availability of large datasets, due to the requirements for data confidentiality of this nature. The resulting information system is able to implement the tasks set before it, contains the most user-friendly interface and all the necessary tools to simplify and automate the process of visualization and analysis of data. The efficiency of neural network learning with the help of the central processor (CPU) and with the help of the graphic processor (GPU) with the use of CUDA technologies is compared. Cloud technology was used in the study. Google Colab and Microsoft Azure were considered among cloud services. Colab was first used to build a prototype. Therefore, the Azure service was used to effectively teach the finished architecture of the artificial neural network. Measurements were performed using cloud technologies in both services. The Adam optimizer was used to learn the model. CPU duration measurements were also measured to assess the acceleration of CUDA technology. An estimate of the acceleration obtained through the use of GPU computing and cloud technologies was implemented. CPU duration measurements were also measured to assess the acceleration of CUDA technology. The model developed during the research showed satisfactory results according to the metrics of Jaccard and Dyce in solving the problem. A key factor in the success of this study was cloud computing services.
Improvement of technological processes for mining solid mineral resources
Authors: Novak Anatolii , Fesenko Eduard , Pavlov Yevhen
Published: November 2021

The object of research is the technological processes of the development of deposits and the extraction of solid minerals by underground and open-pit methods. The improvement of technological processes is achieved through the use of existing original technical solutions, which are currently advisable to use in practice. The work is aimed at increasing the efficiency of explosive energy use, improving the technological processes of mining operations in coal mines and open pits of mining enterprises.
In the course of the study, an analysis of technical literature on mining topics was used, a search for copyright certificates for inventions and patents on the same topic was carried out. There was a search for innovative solutions that are expedient to apply at the present time. In the course of the analysis, the work shows ideas, methods of coal mining, systems for the development of coal seams, methods of destruction of rocks, microbiological reclamation and other new technologies and devices. The most promising technologies have been proposed for in-depth study, implementation and use in appropriate mining and geological conditions. The proposed technologies, for various reasons, have not yet found wide practical application at mining enterprises. Due to the application of the proposed technical solutions and technologies in practice in the conditions of existing coal mines and open pits, significant economic, environmental and financial effects can be obtained.
This study was carried out in order to bring to a wide circle of specialists technical solutions that can contribute to a significant improvement in the technology of mining solid minerals, both in underground and open-pit mining all over the world.
Development of information supplement of reporting forms as an effective way of business management
Authors: Hevchuk Anna , Shevchuk Liudmyla
Published: November 2021

The object of research is the information support of settlement operations as an effective way of business management to minimize risks and their consequences in the agricultural sector in today's global economy. This study is due to the lack of accounting practices, namely the low informativeness of reporting forms for business management, which needs to be improved in terms of settlement operations, which should be aimed at the efficient use of resources by agricultural companies.
The analysis of the current state of reporting as information support of business management calculations is carried out. It is determined that the internal and financial reporting does not contain sufficient information on the settlement operations of business units, especially taking into account the emergence of new settlement instruments and a system of support for their implementation, including agricultural receipts. The use of agricultural receipts as a new financial calculation tool and an alternative mechanism for agribusiness lending requires informational reporting, which allows to increase the efficiency of management decisions. The study used the stages of modeling the calculation management process for users. For their implementation, the main directions for supplementing the content and components of financial statements f. No. 1 «Balance Sheet» (Statement of Financial Position) and f. No. 5 «Notes to the annual financial statements» are suggested. Management reporting is proposed, namely «Report on the status of settlements within accounts payable» and «Report on the status of settlements within accounts receivable». As well as the development of Section 4 «Risk Report» and Section 5 «Liquidity and Liabilities» of the Management Report. This provides an opportunity to generate useful, objective and relevant information adapted to the taxonomy of financial reporting (according to international financial reporting standards) in Ukraine. This information will assist company management, current and potential investors, lenders and other lenders in making effective management decisions. Compared to similar known methods, the proposed approaches allow to effectively manage the business, providing a high level of control over the state of settlements. The received information support will allow to minimize losses through the impact on risks due to the predictability of their potential consequences, which will contribute to the observance of financial independence and development of the agricultural sector.
Development of a method for producing a healthy drink based on fermented beet juice
Authors: Stetsenko Natalia , Goyko Iryna
Published: November 2021

The object of research is a method of producing a fermented drink from natural raw materials, the consumption of which will provide the human body with probiotics, prebiotics, vitamins and antioxidants. The work used general scientific research methods, in particular, analysis and synthesis, as well as physicochemical methods for determining the composition and properties of raw materials and the finished product. Beetroot and its juice are insufficiently used in the food and processing industries, therefore this particular type of raw material has great reserves and prospects for creating health products. The work is aimed at improving the method of obtaining fermented beet juice enriched with ginger extract. For the production of the drink, the root crops of the Cylindra variety were chosen, which had a high content of dry substances and sugars, and were also characterized by a better storage capacity with minimal losses of biologically active substances. It has been established that when obtaining juice, it is advisable to process crushed pectolytic beets with the enzyme preparation Fructocyme MA-X-Press (manufacturer Russia). This makes it possible to increase the juice yield by 14.9 %, the amount of dry matter by 2.1 % and the sugar content by 1.7 %. To ferment the juice used bacterial preparations of lacto- and bifidobacteria in the amount of 5 % by weight of raw materials. The fermentation was carried out at a temperature of 37 °C for 24 hours. It was found that when using the preparation of B. longum bifidobacteria, which have good stability in an acidic medium, a higher fermentation rate is achieved. To enrich the drink with substances with antioxidant properties, ginger root extract was used. The health-improving effect of the fermented drink is due to the use of exclusively natural plant materials and the use of probiotic cultures of microorganisms in the technological process, which improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and are factors that stimulate the immune system.
Analysis of the state and development opportunities of hospitality industry on the example of Sergiivka resort (Ukraine)
Authors: Lebedenko Tetiana , Nikitchina Tatiana , Shunko Hanna , Kozhevnikova Viktoriia
Published: November 2021

The object of research is the hospitality industry in the context of the recovery of the industry and the fight against the effects of the pandemic. The development of domestic tourism and local destinations is considered one of the most effective ways to restore the industry. At the same time, experts recommended that the greatest attention be paid to health tourism and ecotourism. The analysis of the potential of the institutions of the sanatorium-resort direction and the study of the problems of the development of the sphere of hospitality were considered on the example of the resort of Sergiivka, Odessa region of Ukraine.
In the course of the study of the state of the resort base of the region, methods of comparative analysis, generalization and systematization of information about the natural-climatic, social and other resources of the region, the state of hospitality institutions and sanatorium-resort complexes were used. Strengths and challenges were identified that hinder their effective use. So, Sergiivka is considered one of the largest seaside resorts in the region, which is located in the beach area and has a good climate, environmental friendliness and significant balneological resources. However, the problematic issues are the underdeveloped infrastructure of the resort, the level of service that requires improvement, the quality of the room stock, the work of restaurants and the organization of recreation.
The studies carried out indicate the importance of developing measures for the reconstruction of most powerful establishments of the hotel and restaurant and sanatorium business. The need to create comfortable living conditions in accordance with world standards, to improve the range and quality of services, in particular, to organize leisure for adults and children, was noted. One of the recommended directions is to expand the range of services in the SPA and Wellness directions, which will allow more efficient use of the healing, restorative and health-improving resources of the balneological resort. Organic production and ecotransformation are also considered priority innovative areas of development. It is promising to use the agro-industrial potential of the region for the production of organic, environmentally friendly food products from local raw materials, as well as the introduction of more environmentally friendly and resource-efficient technologies.
Maternal and Infant Characteristics and Outcomes Among Women With Confirmed or Presumed COVID-19 During Pregnancy: 14 States and the District of Columbia
Authors: Joyce Martin , Osterman Michelle , Valenzuela Claudia
Published: November 2021

This report describes characteristics and selected pregnancy outcomes among mothers with and without confirmed or presumed COVID-19 during pregnancy by maternal age, educational attainment, race and Hispanic origin, and source of payment for the delivery for a 14-state and District of Columbia reporting area.
Syllable weight, vowel length and focus in Lebanese Arabic
Authors: Kelly Niamh
Published: November 2021

Research on a variety of languages has shown that vowel duration is influenced by phonological vowel length as well as syllable structure (e.g., Maddieson 1997). Further, the phonological concept of a mora has been shown to relate to phonetic measurements of duration (Port, Dalby, & O’Dell 1987; Hubbard 1993; Cohn 2003). In Levantine Arabic, non-final closed syllables that contain a long vowel have been described as partaking in mora-sharing (Broselow, Chen, & Huffman 1997; Khattab & Al-Tamimi 2014). The current investigation examines the effect of vowel length and syllable structure on vowel duration, as well as how this interacts with durational effects of prosodic focus. Disyllabic words with initial, stressed syllables that were either open or closed and contained either a long or a short vowel were examined when non-focused and in contrastive focus. Contrastive focus was associated with longer words, stressed syllables and phonologically long vowels. Short vowels were shorter when in a syllable closed by a singleton but not by a geminate consonant, while long vowels were not shortened before coda singletons. An analysis is proposed whereby long vowels followed by an intervocalic consonant cluster are parsed as open syllables, with the first consonant forming a semisyllable (Kiparsky 2003), while long vowels followed by geminate consonants partake in mora-sharing (Broselow, Huffman, Chen, & Hsieh 1995). The results also indicate compensatory shortening for short vowels followed by a singleton coda.
The Idea of Europe and Husserlian Historical Teleology
Authors: Reznikov Dmitriy
Published: November 2021

Book Review: Timo Miettinen, Husserl and the Idea of Europe (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2020).
What do Social Scientists Do in a “Value Polytheism” Situation?; Or, A Little More on Weber’s “Vocation”
Authors: Presnyakov Ilya
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the present paper consists of two points. First, it is to show how the internal structure and the “inner logic” of science as a value sphere are formed in Max Weber’s theory. Then, relying on logical-methodological foundations proposed by Weber, the second point is to identify how the action carried out by scientists in a “vocation” mode in a situation of “value polytheism” is realized within science. Analyzing the content of recent discussions about the empirical validity and character of Weber’s argumentation in one of his central works, The Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism, as well as about the autonomy and conceptual boundaries of Weber’s science, we draw a line of reasoning as follows. Firstly, we trace the changing of the methodological role of values in general, and the value of truth, in particular, in the “sciences of culture” in connection with the transition from the transcendental solution of Heinrich Rickert to Weber’s “value polytheism”. Secondly, we analyze how the relationship between Weber’s science, progress, and rationalization is structured. Thirdly, we explicate the mode of “vocation” in science, relying on the logical-methodological foundations proposed by Weber. Fourthly, we identify the development of Weber’s idea of the value autonomy of science. It is shown that Weber rejects the criterion of truth’s universality proposed by Rickert’s logical solution. However, the construction of ideal-typical concepts and the mechanics of “cognitive interest” described by Weber allows scientists to separate extra-scientific pragmatics from the scientific research itself. The progress of the “sciences of culture” for Weber is the differentiation and the emergence of new research approaches and the refinement of concepts. At the same time, science is not teleologically connected with “progress in general” and the rationalizing world, the configuration of which is a specific historical constellation. As associated with scientific work, “gaining the clarity” turns out to be not its own goal, but a possible effect of using scientific knowledge. The mode of “vocation” in a “value polytheism” situation forces scientists to contribute to the endless scientific progress; they formulate such ideal-types and causal explanations that seem adequate and sufficient from the point of view of their cognitive interests. The stability of science’s boundaries and its value autonomy are formed in Weber’s theory gradually; epistemological studies and the implementation of his sociology of the religion research “programme” make the difference between vocations in science and politics clear.
Prevalence and associated factors of Female Genital Mutilation among reproductive age women’s of Wolayita Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bargude Balta Anjulo , Amanuel Fanta Lambebo
Published: November 2021

Background: Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is estimated to have been practiced on at least 200 million girls and women in 30 countries around the world. Clitoridoctomy is the most common type of FGM in Ethiopia. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the magnitude of Female Genital Mutilation and associated factors among women’s of Wolayita zone. Methods: A community-based quantitative cross-sectional study was used. Face-to-face interviews with prepared questionnaires were used to collect data. SPSS version 20 software was used to analyze the data. The prevalence of FGM was determined using descriptive statistics. The researchers utilized a bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model to find independent determinants of FGM. Result: 296 women were undergone FGM out of a total of 333, indicating that FGM is prevalent in the research area (88.9%). Age (AOR-1.86, 95% CI: 0.42-0.98) and support to reduce sexual due to hyperactivity (AOR: 14.595, 95% CI: 3.391-6.807) were all independently linked to FGM. Conclusion: An integrated effort administrative and surrounding community intervention to be initiated to alleviate FGM practices through empowering women, discouraging risky factors like traditions; and sensitizing parents, community members and the public focusing on the rejecting of FGM.
Preparation of biological monolayers for producing high-resolution scanning electron micrographsCode: PLOS2021 [PONE-D-21-26669] - [EMID:f8569bc7b537f6e4] v1
Authors: Mentor Shireen
Published: November 2021

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides a technical platform for nanoscopic mapping of biological structures. Correct preparation of SEM samples can provide an unprecedented understanding of the nexus between cellular morphology and topography. This comparative study critically examines two coating methods for preparing biological samples for scanning electron microscopy, while also providing novel advice on how to prepare in vitro epithelial or endothelial samples for high-resolution scanning-electron microscopy (HR-SEM). Two obstacles often confront the biologist when investigating cellular structures grown under tissue culture conditions, viz., how to prepare and present the biological samples to the HR-SEM microscope without affecting topographical membrane and cellular structural alterations. Firstly, our use of the Millicell cellulose inserts on which to grow our cellular samples in preparation for HR-SEM is both novel and advantageous to comparing the permeability function of cells to their morphological function. Secondly, biological material is often non-conducting, thermally sensitive and fragile and, therefore, needs to be fixed correctly and coated with thin conducting metal to ensure high-resolution detail of samples. Immortalized mouse brain endothelial cells (bEnd5) was used as a basis for describing the preferences in the use of the protocol. We compare two biological sample coating modalities for the visualizing and analysis of texturized, topographical, membranous ultrastructures of brain endothelial cell (BEC) confluent monolayers, namely, carbon and gold:palladium (Au:Pd) sputter coating in preparation for HR-SEM. BEC monolayers sputter-coated with these two modalities produced three-dimensional micrographs which have distinctly different topographical detail from which the nanostructural cellular data can be examined. The two coating methods display differences in the amount of nanoscopic detail that could be resolved in the nanosized membrane cytoarchitecture of BEC monolayers. The micrographical data clearly showed that Au:Pd sputter-coated samples generate descript imagery, providing useful information for profiling membrane nanostructures compared to carbon-coated samples. The recommendations regarding the contrast in two modalities would provide the necessary guidance to biological microscopists in preparing tissue culture samples for HR-SEM.
To the Anniversary of the Department of "Robotic Systems and Mechatronics" of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Authors: Serebrennyj V. V. , Boshlyakov A. A. , Yuschenko A. S.
Published: November 2021

This year we celebrate the 70-th year of the chair founded in BMSTU in 1951 which name today is "Robotic Systems and Mechatronics". Evolution of the chair during the last 70 years is completely reflected the technical progress in the field of automation. From automatic drives to autonomous robots. Again with the improvement of the educational programs in accordance with the vital demands the chair managed to keep the basic traditions of the Russian engineering school based on the combination of the fundamental scientific background with the practical competence in the new technical systems design. The prominent scientists and engineers made a major contribution to the content and methods of training of future specialists in robotics and mechatronics which are acknowledged both in Russia and abroad. Nowadays robotics is transforming from perspective direction to urgent needs. The chair "Robotic Systems and Mechatronics" is completely ready to reply the new challenge of time.
About suprapubic transvesical adenomectomy with a blind suture of the bladder according to the Gelfer-thug method
Authors: Sitdykov E. N.
Published: November 2021

Russian surgeons were the first to open the way for radical surgery to remove the prostate gland. In 1889 M. Druzhinin published the perineal method of removing the prostate gland, and in 1899 S.P. Fedorov was the first to perform a typical suprapubic prostatectomy.
Comparative evaluation of laboratory methods for the diagnosis of amniotic fluid discharge
Authors: Kisin S. V. , Molchanova N. S.
Published: November 2021

Timely diagnosis of the opening of the fetal bladder is of certain clinical interest. The previously practiced diagnostic methods did not justify themselves. In view of this, in recent years, a search for new methods has been undertaken in the form of microscopic examination of fresh preparations.
Long-term clinical and ballistocardiographic observations in patients with thyrotoxicosis after surgical and conservative treatment
Authors: Dormidontov E. N.
Published: November 2021

Many authors who studied patients with thyrotoxicosis long after the operation or the end of treatment indicate a significant improvement or recovery of the majority of patients (N. S. Logatkina, M. N. Kolomiychenko and A. N. Nazarenko, Zh.M. Vavrik, O. V. Nikolaev, D. Ya. Shurygin and others).
Complex pharmacotherapy of peptic ulcer disease taking into account its complications from other parts of the digestive system
Authors: Gubergrits A. Ya.
Published: November 2021

The progressive view of domestic clinicians on peptic ulcer disease is well known not as a local process in the stomach or in the duodenum, but as a general disease of the body (M. M. Gubergrits, M. P. Konchalovsky, R. A. Luria, N. D. Strazhesko , M.V. Chernorutsky, etc.). However, despite the great work invested in the study of peptic ulcer disease, much in this problem remains unclear and not specified. In particular, the demands of healthcare practice and the results of existing methods of treating peptic ulcer disease do not meet.
The incidence of lumbosacral radiculitis of drillers and workers of underground workover of oil wells in Bashkiria
Authors: Mustaveva N. A.
Published: November 2021

The study of morbidity among workers of the oil field administrations "Ishimbayneft", "Tuimazaneft", workers of drilling offices No. 1 and No. 2 of the Tuimazaburneft trust showed a high frequency of diseases of the peripheral nervous system, mainly in the form of lumbosacral radiculitis, which associated with exposure at any time of the year to winds, precipitation, contact with water, mud, etc.
On the prevention of agricultural injuries in the Arsk region of the TASSR
Authors: Golubev V. V.
Published: November 2021

In order to understand the causes of agricultural injuries and to outline measures to reduce it, since 1959 we have conducted records of all injuries at feldsher-obstetric points, in local hospitals and outpatient clinics, in a district hospital and a polyclinic. For all cases of injuries with loss of ability to work, trauma cards are filled out, cases of injuries without loss of ability to work were registered in a separate journal in a specific form.
Puncture biopsy of bifurcation lymph nodes in the diagnosis of lung cancer
Authors: Elyashevich B. L.
Published: November 2021

Clinical, radiological and pathological data of a number of authors testify to the frequent defeat of the lymph nodes of the mediastinum with cancer metastases (MN Goryunova, 1951; Ya. G. Dillon, 1947; BK Osipov, 1959, etc.). Anatomical works of Ruvier (1932), DA Zhdanov (1947) and others testify to broad afferent connections of bifurcation lymph nodes in normal conditions with the organs of the chest cavity. These factors create the possibility of lymphogenous metastasis of cancer of the lung and esophagus in the mediastinal lymph nodes, in particular, in the bifurcation.
Detection of gastric cancer metastases using splenoportography
Authors: Marmorshtein S. Ya. , Boyadzhyan V. A.
Published: November 2021

The method of intravital contrasting of the vessels of the portal system with transparietal injection of a contrast agent into the spleen was first applied in 1951 by Leger and Souza Pereira on the basis of the experimental work of Abeatici and Campi.
About the meeting of doctors who graduated from the medical faculty of Kazan University in 1922
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: November 2021

May 14-16 p. In Kazan, in one of the oldest medical schools in the country, forty years after graduating from the medical faculty of Kazan University, doctors of the 1922 class gathered.
To the technique of anastomosis for gastric resection for cancer
Authors: Dmitrievsky V. N.
Published: November 2021

In weakened and emaciated gastric cancer patients who have been radically operated on, in the immediate postoperative period, quite often a number of complications are noted. The most common congestion in the cult of the stomach and duodenum - expansion of the stomach stump and stasis of the duodenum.
Colon Graft Stomach Replacement Surgery Technique
Authors: Pomosov D. V.
Published: November 2021

Recently, in the literature, there are more and more reports of a number of complications after total or subtotal resections of the stomach.
On the effect of certain medications in violation of the chemistry and motility of the large intestine
Authors: Frolkis A. V.
Published: November 2021

As you know, functional disorders of the large intestine are common in many diseases. Practical doctors usually pay little attention to them and, in particular, to the effect of such frequently used drugs as antibiotics, sulfonamides, vitamins, and anticholinergic drugs. In this regard, we have made an attempt to find out the advisability of using some of them in the treatment of functional disorders of the intestine.
Treatment of closed injuries of the liver and spleen
Authors: Kravchenko P. V. , Volkov V. Е.
Published: November 2021

Among closed abdominal injuries, liver ruptures are the most severe, surgical treatment of which still gives high mortality (with isolated injuries, according to B.P. Levitsky - 41.7%, A.A.Korolev - 50%, G.F. Nikolaev 15%, SV Lobachev and OI Vinogradova 12.5%), and when combined with damage to other organs, the lethality reaches 50-90%.
X-ray therapy of postoperative duodenal fistulas
Authors: Mikhailova O. V. , Smetanin B. F.
Published: November 2021

Each surgeon is aware of the great difficulties in the treatment of duodenal fistulas, arising as a serious complication at various times after resection of the stomach.
Cerebral-pituitary syndrome Shereshevsky in a girl
Authors: Gafarova N. A.
Published: November 2021

On 14 / VII-60, a 12-year-old girl M. was brought in for consultation.
Experience of using galvanopalpation in the diagnosis of chronic cholecystitis
Authors: Nogaller A. M.
Published: November 2021

The principle of galvanopalpation was first proposed by Kagane and further developed by Albrecht. E. T. Zalkindson, M. N. Tumanovsky and others.
Development of criteria for the effectiveness of acupuncture of lumbar osteochondrosis
Authors: Tabeeva D. M. , Bilalova A. S. , Veselovsky V. P.
Published: November 2021

The dynamics of vertebral, neurodystrophic and neural syndromes in 116 patients with lumbar osteochondrosis was analyzed. The results of the study made it possible to single out individual criteria for the effectiveness of acupuncture for compression-radicular and neurodystrophic syndromes.
Intestinal bleeding and perforation with typhoid fever
Authors: Galeeva R. K. , Khairieva M. B.
Published: November 2021

Stabilization of the frequency of intestinal complications in typhoid fever was noted. With typhoid perforated peritonitis, symptoms of peritoneal irritation may not be detected.