bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanochips in the Field of Oncology: Advancements and Potential for Enhanced Cancer Therapy
Authors: Hak Jiyaul , Jahan Iram , Farooqui Nasiruddin Ahmad , Singh Atul Pratap , Sharma Himanchal , Gohri Smriti , Gujjar Anshu , Mandal Suraj
Published: January 2025

In the ongoing fight against cancer, conventional approaches often prove inadequate,
struggling with inefficiency and hazardous side effects. Introducing nanochip technology, a
promising solution in the pursuit of safer and more efficient cancer treatment. This study examines
the development, uses, and potential future of nanochip technology, with a specific focus
on its applications in the field of cancer detection and therapy. This review aims to study the current
advancements in nanochip technology and its applications in oncology, focusing on how these
innovations can potentially revolutionize cancer therapy. To discuss the potential challenges
and future prospects of integrating nanochips into clinical oncology practice. Silicon wafers and
biocompatible polymers (e.g., PDMS) are commonly used as substrates due to their excellent thermal
and electrical properties, ease of fabrication, and ability to integrate with biological systems.
Photolithography technique is widely used to pattern nanochips with microscale precision, enabling
the fabrication of high-density arrays for biomolecule capture and analysis. Nanochips outperform
standard cancer detection and treatment, according to the findings. Nanochips accurately
identify cancer biomarkers, enabling early diagnosis and real-time disease progression tracking.
Nanochips also carry anti-cancer medications directly to cells, reducing side effects and boosting
treatment results. Oncology is advancing using nanochip technology that combines diagnostic and
therapeutic functions. These technologies will improve with continued study, bringing the medical
community closer to more effective and safer cancer therapies. Nanochips might revolutionize cancer
treatment and patient quality of life.
Assessing Pulmonary Embolisms on Unenhanced CT Images Using Electron Density Images Derived from Dual-Layer Spectral Detector CT: A Single-centre Prospective Study Conducted at the Emergency Department
Authors: Du Huayang , Sui Xin , Zhao Ruijie , Wang Jiaru , Ming Ying , Piao Sirong , Wang Jinhua , Lu Xiaomei , Song Lan , Song Wei
Published: January 2025

Background:

Multiple spectral images can be extrapolated from Spectral Detector CT (SDCT), ED, and OED images. ED and OED images are highly sensitive
to moisture-rich tissues. Moreover, they have the potential to detect pulmonary artery thrombi in non-enhanced chest CT images.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ED and OED images obtained using SDCT for the detection of
pulmonary embolism on non-enhanced images.

Aims:

This study aimed to evaluate the utility of unenhanced spectral imaging, Electron Density (ED), and Overlay Electron Density (OED) images for
assessing pulmonary embolisms in patients with suspected or confirmed Acute Pulmonary Embolism (APE).

Methods:

Seventy-nine patients who underwent unenhanced and Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) using dual-layer spectral detector
CT to evaluate APE between November, 2021 and April, 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Based on unenhanced spectral and CTPA
images, two radiologists identified areas of high density in the main, lobar, and segmental pulmonary arteries on ED and OED images and detected
Pulmonary Embolism (PE) on enhanced images using a consultative approach. CTPA results were considered the gold standard. The diagnostic
performance of ED and OED in detecting PE was analyzed.

Results:

PE was detected in 40 patients (40/79), and 17, 69, and 20 PEs were detected in the main, lobar, and segmental arteries, respectively. The PE
detection sensitivity on ED images was 69.7–94.7%, and the specificity was 58.5–98.2% for the individual, main, lobe, and segmental pulmonary
arteries. The sensitivity and specificity for OED images were 94.1–95.2% and 80.0–98.1%, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) and
negative predictive value (NPV) were 53.6–87.7% and 69.7–95.9% for ED images and 48.5–88.9% and 94.1–98.9% for OED images, respectively.
The accuracy was 76.0–98.9% and 87.3–96.2% when using ED and OED images, respectively. The research identified that whether it was main,
lobar, or segmental pulmonary arteries with blood clots, EDW values ranged from 108.1–108.8%EDW, which were 3.9–4.2%EDW higher than
those of arteries without emboli. Pulmonary arteries with emboli standardised ED values were 103.6-104.3%EDW.

Conclusion:

ED and OED images using spectral CT without contrast media demonstrated high diagnostic performance and could improve the visualization of
PE.
Analyzing the Unique Phenomenon of ‘Sword Emphasis’ in Shu Culture: A Lead Isotope Perspective on Willow-Leaf-Shaped Bronze Swords Unearthed from the Shuangyuan Village Cemetery in Chengdu
Authors: Li Yuexuan , Yang Yingdong , Chen Dian , Wang Tianyou , Wang Xiaoting , Luo Wugan
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

The willow-leaf-shaped sword is a distinctive indigenous weapon of the
Bashu culture, used during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Despite initial archaeological investigations
suggesting the custom of ‘Sword Emphasis’ in the Bashu culture, the unique characteristic of willow-
leaf-shaped bronze swords compared to other weapons is still a question worth exploring.

Methods:

In this study, a portable X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometer (p-XRF) and multi-receiver
inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS) were used to examine willow-leafshaped
bronze swords unearthed from Shuangyuan Village Cemetery dating back to the Eastern
Zhou Dynasty.

Results:

Our findings reveal that bronze swords found in the same burial are predominantly made by
lead resources from the same geochemical province. This distinct pattern is exclusive to willow-leafshaped
swords and remained unchanged from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Warring
States period, despite variations in form. Moreover, willow-leaf-shaped swords exhibit marked
disparities from other weapons in terms of their origin, form, quantity, and function. Supporting literature
further underscores the historical significance attributed to swords by Bashu's ancestors. The
integration of scientific data and archaeological research embodies the cultural tradition of ‘Sword
Emphasis,’ highlighting the distinctive status of willow-leaf-shaped swords within the Bashu culture,
setting them apart from other weapons such as poleaxes, dagger-axes, and spears.

Conclusion:

This study represents the first attempt to correlate the trend of lead isotope concentration
with a distinctive cultural phenomenon specific to ancient Bashu. The phenomenon that bronze
swords found in the same burial predominantly with lead resources from the same geochemical province
reveals the distinctive characteristic of swords compared to other weapons, which is closely
correlated with the tradition of ‘Sword Emphasis’ in ancient Bashu.
Leveraging Underutilized Sri Lankan Fruits in the Fight against Autoimmune Disorders
Authors: Virajini M.P. Theja , Bandara Mithila , Jayasooriya Prasad , Samarakoon Kalpa W , Kuruppu Anchala I.
Published: January 2025

The potential of underutilized plant species to improve food security, health, eco-nomic output, and the environment has not been fully realized. Sri Lanka an island on the Indian Ocean is home to numerous plant species with significant medicinal potential, in-cluding many underutilized plants that could help meet the growing demand for food, en-ergy, medicines, and industrial resources. Globally, there are over a thousand known and unknown phytochemicals derived from plants. Although these compounds are primarily produced by plants for self-defence, in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated their anti-inflammatory properties. Recent research indicates that several phytochemicals can also protect humans from disease by regulating key inflammatory pathways, such as NF-κB, MAPK, JAK/STAT and Nrf-2, which are involved in autoimmune diseases. Thus, these bioactive compounds are vital for managing autoimmune disorders. This review will ex-plore underutilized fruit crops from Sri Lanka that could be used against inflammation, in-cluding autoimmune diseases.
Protective Effects of Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibition in Rats with Severe Acute Pancreatitis and Its Possible Mechanism
Authors: Su Tong , Xu Hongwei , Wang Ruixia , Xiao Tong , Wang Jing , Zhao Shulei
Published: January 2025

Background and aim:

In the context of gastrointestinal diseases, the role of monoacylglycerol
lipase (MAGL) is significant. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the protective
effects of MAGL inhibition using JZL184 in rat models of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)
and to explore its mechanism.

Methods:

In this study, a rat model of SAP was established, and the rats were divided into three
groups for treatment: the Control group (CON), the SAP group (SAP), and the SAP group treated
with JZL184 (JZL184). The serum levels of amylase (AMS), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine
(Cr), nitric oxide (NO), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and phosphodiesterase
(PDE) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent detection kits. The ascites volume
was determined using the cotton ball weighing method. The levels of reactive oxygen species
(ROS) were detected using the ROS Kit. Additionally, histological tissue changes were assessed
through hematoxylin and eosin staining.

Results:

The SAP group showed increased levels of AMS, ALT, Cr, ROS, and ascites volume
compared to the CON group. Additionally, the SAP group exhibited congested and edematous
lung and pancreatic tissues with inflammation. However, the JZL184 group, when compared to
the SAP group, showed decreased levels of AMS, ALT, Cr, and ROS, reduced ascites volume,
and significantly reduced lung tissue and pancreatic histopathology scores. In the NO/cGMP/PDE
system, compared with the CON group, the levels of NO and PDE in the SAP group were higher
and the levels of cGMP were lower. Compared with the SAP group, the JZL184 group decreased
NO and PDE levels and increased cGMP levels.

Conclusions:

Indeed, the inhibition of MAGL with JZL184 has been found to have a protective effect
on rats with SAP. Specifically, it has shown significant improvement in the pathological damage
of lung and pancreatic tissues. Furthermore, JZL184 has also exhibited protective effects on
the liver and kidney. The mechanism may be related to the effect of JZL184 on the NO/cGMP/
PDE signaling pathway.
Metabolomic Analysis of the Effects of Canagliflozin on HFpEF Rats and Its Underlying Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Guorui , Zuo Qingjuan , Ma Sai , He Lili , Wang Zhongli , Zhai Jianlong , Zhang Tingting , Wang Yan , Guo Yifang
Published: January 2025

Background:

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a challenging
cardiovascular condition characterized by normal systolic function but impaired diastolic
performance. Despite its increasing prevalence, therapeutic options remain limited. This study investigated
the metabolic effects of canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor,
on cardiac function and energy metabolism in HFpEF.

Methods:

We established a rat model of HFpEF using Dahl salt-sensitive rats and evaluated three
experimental groups: control (A), HFpEF (B), and canagliflozin-treated HFpEF (C). This study
carried out comprehensive analyses of cardiac structure and function, metabolomic profiling, and
detailed assessment of myocardial energy metabolism, including mitochondrial respiratory capacity
and ATP synthesis. Additionally, we validated our findings using H9C2 cardiomyocytes under
controlled conditions.

Results:

Canagliflozin treatment significantly improved cardiac remodeling markers, including reduced
myocardial volume and fibrosis area, while enhancing diastolic function (E/A ratio).
Metabolomic analysis revealed normalization of hypermetabolic states, with significant reductions
in key metabolites, including L-lysine, D-glucose, and uridine. The treatment restored balance in
multiple metabolic pathways, particularly affecting β-alanine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism,
and the citrate cycle. Notably, canagliflozin enhanced mitochondrial respiratory function, increased
ATP synthesis, and optimized fatty acid utilization, as evidenced by reduced free fatty
acid content.

Conclusion:

Our findings demonstrated that canagliflozin exerts cardioprotective effects through
multiple metabolic pathways, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic option for HFpEF. The ability
of the drug to optimize energy metabolism and improve mitochondrial function represents a
novel mechanism for treating this challenging condition.
Wear Assessment of Novel PEEK Telescopic Attachment for Implant-Retained Mandibular Overdenture: A Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Quassem Mohamed A. , Badr Wesam E. , Mansour Mamdouh M. , Mahross Hamada Z.
Published: January 2025

Background

The wear of Zirconia-PEEK telescopic attachments can affect the retention of the implant-retained complete mandibular overdenture.

Aims

This study aimed to assess Zirconia-PEEK wear versus cobalt-chromium-PEEK telescopic attachments for the implant-retained complete mandibular overdenture.

Methods

Twelve completely edentulous patients were randomly chosen for implant-retained telescopic overdentures construction and divided into two groups, where group I was a patient with zirconia copies, and group II was with a cobalt-chromium CoCr copy. The PEEK was constructed for both groups as a secondary coping telescopic attachment for the denture. The wear measurements of PEEK were performed optically by using a USB digital microscope with a built-in camera connected to a compatible personal computer at different intervals of baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months. The data were statistically analyzed and compared using Student t-test, ANOVA, and Post Hoc Test.

Results

The statistical data revealed that groups II and I, in comparison, showed a non-significant difference in topographic features (RMS) of PEEK at different intervals of baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months.

Conclusion

Within the limitations of the study, there was no significant difference between combining Zirconia-PEEK or CoCr-PEEK for telescopic overdenture procedures. Therefore, it is advisable esthetically and biomechanically to apply Zirconia-PEEK procedures instead of CoCr-PEEK to produce metal-free dental telescopic overdenture.

Clinical Trial Registration Number

NCT06434142
Piecemeal Resection of a Large Complex Odontoma Obstructing Upper Canine Eruption: A Case Report
Authors: Alsaegh Mohammed Amjed , Zaki Ahmed , Abuzayed Dua’a Hamed , Alowais Aisha Abdalla , Razouk Aya Mustafa , Ibrahim Ahmad Mohammad Wahbeh , Abdulkarim Asmaa Khaled , Alkubaisy Asia Muatasim
Published: January 2025

Background

Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors that affect the oral cavity. They are asymptomatic bony lesions that vary in size and often lead to impaction or delayed eruption of associated teeth. The purpose of this study was to report a case of a large complex odontoma causing impaction of the maxillary left permanent canine with persistent pain, which was treated by piecemeal resection.

Case Presentation

A 32-year-old female reported persistent symptoms of pain and pressure on the left side of her face. Clinical examination revealed a small hard growth in the left canine region of the maxilla associated with an impacted permanent canine. Radiograph examination revealed a homogenous mass of calcified material lying just coronal to the impacted canine with similar radiodensity to the tooth structure and surrounded by a thin radiolucent rim, suggestive of an odontoma. The odontoma was accessed under local anesthesia via an intraoral approach and was surgically excised for future eruption of the impacted permanent canine.

Conclusion

Conservative surgical removal of odontomas is straightforward, but requires careful attention if the impacted tooth undergoes further orthodontic treatment. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent eruption disturbances and cyst formation. The prognosis is generally good, and surgical excision is a reliable treatment.
Radiographic Evaluation of Fixed Prosthesis in the Ha’il Province of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almohefer Sami A. , Alkattan Rana K. , Aljohani Lama T. , Alhumayan Fai F. , Aldoghyeman Fatima Z. , Tamim Hani , Madfa Ahmed A.
Published: January 2025

Background

This study aimed to assess the marginal adaptability of fixed partial dentures (FPDs) performed by private practitioners in the Ha’il district of Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, complications associated with the restorations were also recorded.

Methods

A comprehensive analysis was carried out on 1139 periapical digital radiographs to determine the type of material utilized for the prosthesis, as well as to observe and record various radiographic findings, including the presence of periapical lesions, marginal discrepancy, and the presence of calculus. In addition, the sheet documented the condition of the neighboring tooth, stating whether it was healthy, absent, or decayed. An analysis was performed to determine the frequency distribution and cross-tabulation of the variables. The chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were employed to assess the possible association between the several factors described in this study.

Results

The prevalence rate of dental caries in the mesial adjacent teeth to single or multiple-unit FPDs was 138 (15.4%), and in the distal adjacent teeth was 136 (15.2%). The likelihood of an apical lesion and bone loss in adjacent teeth both mesially and distally was found to be higher, whereas the absence of calculus was more frequent than its presence. There was no statistically significant correlation found between having more than one unit prosthesis or a single crown and the occurrence of periapical lesions, bone loss, or calculus buildup on teeth mesial to FPDs (p > 0.05). However, at the distal adjacent teeth, statistically significant differences were recorded (p < 0.05). A statistically significant correlation was observed between the type of prosthesis material and the marginal integrity in mesial abutments for FPDs (p < 0.05) as well as single crowns (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The frequency of dental problems identified in this study was higher in comparison to other investigations on FPDs. Ensuring the long-term durability of any restoration relies heavily on achieving optimal marginal fit and exact interproximal contacts, which are critical technical considerations.
Advances in Ru-based Organic Frameworks: Complex Organo-Ruthenium Structures in Medicinal Chemistry over the Last Decades
Authors: Kuchhadiya Jyoti , Makasana Atul , Kapadiya Khushal
Published: January 2025

Ruthenium and its complexes, or its nano form, are presently gaining a great deal of attention
as essential reagents involved in lead discovery within the fields of medicinal, pharmacological,
and biological chemistry. Similarly, as compared to systems made entirely of metal, nanoparticles
have distinct and superior properties. As a powerful catalytic agent, ruthenium has several
applications due to its inherent characteristics in both metallic and elemental forms. Arguably, ruthenium
is the most important of the noble metals. From a variety of pharmacological perspectives,
this review compiles the research on ruthenium and its complexes, highlighting their diversity and
their potential beneficial effects in nanotechnology.
Polymeric Nano-discs: A Versatile Nanocarrier Platform for Delivering
Topical Theranostics
Authors: Kapoor Devesh U , Gaur Mansi , Hingalajia Hetal , Singh Sudarshan , Prajapati Bhupendra G.
Published: January 2025

Polymeric nano-discs offer a promising and adaptable nanocarrier platform for topical
applications involving the targeted administration of drugs. These biocompatible polymer-based,
disc-shaped, nanoscale structures have drawn interest due to their exceptional capacity to encapsulate a diverse range of theranostics. Theranostics, the concept of combining treatments and diagnostics into a single system, is the core of attraction. Precision and fewer adverse effects are provided
by the regulated and prolonged release of these drugs made possible by polymeric nano-discs. They
also offer the perfect foundation for keeping track of the effectiveness of treatments. The selection
of polymeric materials that provide biocompatibility and customized release mechanisms is critical
to effectively implementing polymeric nano-discs. Recent pre-clinical and clinical research has
demonstrated efficacy in targeted therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, there are obstacles and restrictions in real-world implementation, and more study is necessary to fully realize their potential.
Hence polymeric nano-discs offer controlled drug release and simultaneous diagnostic capabilities,
making them a flexible and viable path forward for topical theranostics. Their advancement has opportunities for improved treatment results; however, more study is needed to properly resolve obstacles and realize their therapeutic potential.
Effect of Steeping Duration and Inoculum Concentration on Growth Promotion of Seedlings of Food Crops Primed in Cultures of Bacillus spp from Rhizosphere
Authors: Ajinde Ayotunde O. , Ogunnusi Tolulope A. , Iyanda Olumayowa J. , Akpor Oghenerobor B.
Published: January 2025

Aims:

Seed priming represents a viable, low-cost approach to improving germination and plant growth. This study aimed to assess the effects of steeping duration and inoculum concentration of seed crops on germinability enhancement of seed primed in cultures of Bacillus species from rhizospheres. The seeds used were cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), soya bean (Glycine max), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), sesame (Sesamum indicum), and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus).

Methods:

A total of five Bacillus species (four species of B. cereus and one species of B. thuringiensis) were used for priming the seeds. For the effect of steeping duration on germinability, viable surface-sterilized seeds were primed in growth broth cultures of the respective isolates. Every one hour, for a five-hour duration, a known number of seeds were withdrawn from the cultures and sown. In the case of initial inoculum, seeds were steeped in different dilutions of the bacterial cultures at the optimal steeping duration obtained in the first study before planting. At the expiration of planting duration, final germination percentage, germination time, germination index, and seedling vigor index of the respective seeds were estimated.

Results:

The results highlight the importance of steeping duration for seeds such as cowpea and soybean, and the effect of inoculum concentration was less drastic than that of steeping duration.

Conlcusion:

Further field studies need to be carried out to validate these results, using results here as baseline data.
Deep Learning Model to Predict In-hospital Mortality of Newborns during Congenital Heart Disease Surgery
Authors: Jiwani Nasmin , Gupta Ketan , Sarveshwaran Velliangiri , Ravi Vinayakumar
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

Many parents are concerned about the cost of saving their child's life. The operation's cost depends on the pathology's nature and the chosen clinic's class. The human body functions as a single system where each organ performs its function. The heart is the main organ of the circulatory system and is responsible for filling all the blood vessels in the body. Surgery in 72% of diseases gives a chance for a complete recovery of the child. Its success depends on timing.

Methods:

In this paper, an AI-induced deep learning model has been proposed to predict in-hospital mortality of newborns in congenital heart disease surgery. If the structure of the heart chambers or large vessels is different from normal, this indicates a defect. Heart disease is a disease caused by changes in the structure of valves, septa or blood vessels. These defects can lead to poor blood circulation in the body and depending on the affected area. Almost all heart defects are curable, often with surgery. Modern medicine has many successful cases of surgical treatment of heart defects in adults and children.

Results:

The proposed model reached 68.41% of training accuracy and 84.83% of testing accuracy, 83.44% training false discovery rate and 85.18% testing false discovery rate, 78.48% training false omission rate and 84.72% testing false omission rate, 70.26% training Positive likelihood ratio and 82.40% of testing positive likelihood ratio and 80.15% of training negative likelihood ratio and 82.97% of testing negative likelihood ratio.

Conclusion:

With the development of modern surgery, early correction of CHD is possible even in low birth weight and premature babies. During surgery, the heart and lungs are cut off from the bloodstream, during which it is enriched with oxygen, which is distributed throughout the body. If the case is complicated, additional surgery may be required over a period of several months to 1 year from the previous surgery.
Feasibility of a Cinematic–Virtual Reality Program Educating Health Professional Students About the Complexity of Geriatric Care: Pilot Pre-Post Study
Authors: Beverly Elizabeth A , Miller Samuel , Love Matthew , Love Carrie
Published: January 2025

Background

The US population is aging. With this demographic shift, more older adults will be living with chronic conditions and geriatric syndromes. To prepare the next generation of health care professionals for this aging population, we need to provide training that captures the complexity of geriatric care.

Objective

This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility of the cinematic–virtual reality (cine-VR) training in the complexity of geriatric care. We measured changes in attitudes to disability, self-efficacy to identify and manage elder abuse and neglect, and empathy before and after participating in the training program.

Methods

We conducted a single-arm, pretest-posttest pilot study to assess the feasibility of a cine-VR training and measure changes in attitudes to disability, self-efficacy to identify and manage elder abuse and neglect, and empathy. Health professional students from a large university in the Midwest were invited to participate in 1 of 4 cine-VR trainings. Participants completed 3 surveys before and after the cine-VR training. We performed paired t tests to examine changes in these constructs before and after the training.

Results

A total of 65 health professional students participated in and completed the full cine-VR training for 100% retention. Participants did not report any technological difficulties or adverse effects from wearing the head-mounted displays or viewing the 360-degree video. Out of the 65 participants, 48 completed the pre- and postassessments. We observed an increase in awareness of discrimination towards people with disability (t47=−3.97; P<.001). In addition, we observed significant improvements in self-efficacy to identify and manage elder abuse and neglect (t47=−3.36; P=.002). Finally, we observed an increase in participants’ empathy (t47=−2.33; P=.02).

Conclusions

We demonstrated that our cine-VR training program was feasible and acceptable to health professional students at our Midwestern university. Findings suggest that the cine-VR training increased awareness of discrimination towards people with disabilities, improved self-efficacy to identify and manage elder abuse and neglect, and increased empathy. Future research using a randomized controlled trial design with a larger, more diverse sample and a proper control condition is needed to confirm the effectiveness of our cine-VR training.
Co-developing the CaTS-E: a pilot study and thematic analysis of content updates for the Card Sort Task for Self-Harm (CaTS) with people with lived self-harm experiences (Preprint)
Authors: Bird Katherine , Greentree Ian , O'Shea Brian , Townsend Ellen
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Self-harm is a significant global concern with multiple negative outcomes. Self-harm research tools typically focus on single risk factors meaning the temporal interplay between factors and their impact on self-harm is unknown. The card sort task for self-harm (CaTS) addressed these deficits by using 117 cards to examine multiple self-harm factors. In-person research is time-consuming, costly, and limits participation opportunities. Developing an electronic version of CaTS (CaTS-E) is necessary to address these issues, capture large datasets, and provide a stronger evidence base. Since CaTS’ inception, understanding of self-harm has evolved, including increasing awareness LGBTQIA+ people are at high-risk. Updating CaTS is essential to ensure its relevant to both LGBTQIA+ and cisgender-heterosexual self-harm.

OBJECTIVE

We present results from two studies. Study 1 is a pilot study assessing the feasibility of CaTS-E. Study 2. utilised qualitative interviews to identify additions or amendments to CaTS to increase its relevance as understanding of self-harm evolves.

METHODS

Study 1 recruited thirteen UK residents (aged 18-30) with lived self-harm experience. Feasibility and acceptability of CaTS-E were assessed using the Systems Usability Scale (SUS) and visual analogue scale (VAS). Study 2 recruited UK residents (n=13; LGBTQIA+ n=9; cisgender-heterosexual n=4; 21-29 years) with lived self-harm experience to one-on-one interviews.

RESULTS

Study 1 found CaTS-E to be a feasible web-app for use in self-harm research. VAS data showed no significant difference between pre- and post-study mood. In Study 2, thematic analysis resulted in 13 additional cards (e.g., ‘Before 6-months'; ‘I don’t feel comfortable in my body’; ‘I was bullied on social media’; ‘Self-harm gave me a feeling of control’). Cards were worded clearly, but minor amendments to wording on cards to increase LGBTQIA+ inclusivity were identified (i.e., changing ‘boyfriend/girlfriend’ to ‘partner’). While participants felt selective additions were necessary, too many may overwhelm participants. Therefore, future additions should be carefully considered.

CONCLUSIONS

Pilot testing shows CaTS-E is a usable, feasible web-app to examine self-harm and capture large datasets. Importantly, completing CaTS-E does not negatively impact participants’ mood. Updates and key additions were made to CaTS from consultation with people with lived self-harm experiences. These increase the relevance of CaTS and ensure LGBTQIA+ inclusivity.
Bishdag Area according to Written and Archeological Sources
Authors:   North Caucasus Federal University (1, Pushkin St., 355000 Stavropol, Russian Federation), Babenko Vitaly A , Kolesnikova Marina Ye. ,   North Caucasus Federal University (1, Pushkin St., 355000 Stavropol, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article deals with the localization of Bishdag area mentioned in a number of written sources. Traditionally, the area is placed in Pyatigorye. The Turkic ‘Bishdag’ stands for ‘five mountains’, while there are a total of 17 laccoliths across the region. Goals. The study seeks to compare data from material, written and phonic sources pertaining to Bishdag area. Archeological evidence and available records make it possible to suggest it might be localized within the Mineral Waters Plain and the Kislovodsk Basin. Materials and methods. The work focuses on tangible, written and phonic (oral) data. The former are accidental finds and excavated materials from around the cities of Yessentuki, Kislovodsk, Pyatigorsk, and Novopavlovsk. Written sources include works by Arab (Ibn Battuta, Ibn Fadlallah al-Umari) and Persian (Nizam al-Din Shami, Sharaf al-Din Ali Yazdi, Abd al-Razzaq Samarqandi) writers, notes by the Russian Ambassador in Crimea, and accounts of modern authors (E. Çelebi, J. A. Güldenstädt, P. S. Pallas, J. Klaproth and A. Firkovich). Phonic data are contained in the works of E. Çelebi and A. Firkovich: these documented stories related to the fortress of Rim-Gora. The article also analyzes materials of Mongol toponymy from Yessentuki and its vicinities. The genetic, comparative historical and cartographic methods have proved most instrumental herein. Since the messages from written sources are scarce enough, they have been compared to the present-day landscapes and archeological evidence. The cartographic method is employed to localize Bishdag area and the place of celebrations described by Ibn Battuta. Results. In 1334, the Moroccan traveler Ibn Battuta visited Bishdag area. He described Ramadan celebrations in Özbeg Khan’s camp. It is necessary to distinguish between the place of the camp — and that of the celebrations. The latter may be localized near the Mashuk, Beshtau, Zheleznaya, Razvalka and Zmeika mounts, and next to mineral water springs. Conclusions. With due account of messages by Abd al-Razzaq Samarqandi, we suggest the borders of Bishdag area may lay within the Mineral Waters Plain and the Kislovodsk Basin. The territory hosts sites of different typology, which indicates that both nomadic and sedentary groups had inhabited the area.
MACHINE LEARNING IN ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Authors: Milutinović Mirjana
Published: January 2025

Rapid advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques, the availability of large-scale data and the increased computational capabilities of machines open the door to the development of sophisticated methods in environmental monitoring and management systems. Machine learning is becoming a powerful tool that is changing the way environmental data is collected, analyzed and interpreted. By going beyond conventional methods, it enables systems to learn from data, identify patterns and draw conclusions with minimal human intervention. Machine learning algorithms can process vast amounts of complex data from diverse sources to provide insight into environmental changes, predict future trends and support decision-making. Using machine learning in the fight for a better and healthier ecosystem has a number of potential long-term benefits. This paper will outline how machine learning can be put to use in environmental monitoring.
El rezago de Morelos en la estructura productiva nacional
Authors: Morales López Rodrigo
Published: January 2025

Esta nota expone la disparidad productiva entre Morelos y la mayoría de las entidades federativas del país. El rezago se refleja en la poca importancia que tiene el estado y sus sectores en la articulación productiva nacional. Morelos ocupa el octavo lugar como el estado menos conectado con la economía nacional, y su sector con más conexiones productivas se sitúa en el puesto 188 de 1024 sectores que conforman la estructura productiva de México. Se requiere implementar una política de desarrollo productivo que fomente las interconexiones entre Morelos y el resto del país. Ésta debe evitar perpetuar las desigualdades socioeconómicas y regionales dentro del estado, así como prevenir el deterioro del medio ambiente. Además, debe estar integrada dentro de un plan de desarrollo a nivel nacional.
Desigualdad y acceso diferenciado: el debate en torno al examen COMIPEMS
Authors: Sifuentes García Valentina Itandehui
Published: January 2025

El siguiente artículo tiene el objetivo de analizar las ventajas y desventajas del principal mecanismo de ingreso a la educación media superior en instituciones públicas en la Ciudad de México: el concurso de la Comisión Metropolitana de Instituciones Públicas de Educación Media Superior (COMIPEMS), con el fin de contribuir al debate que en el marco del proceso electoral 2024 se ha suscitado en torno a la conveniencia de su eliminación. Se reflexiona sobre el marco normativo y el enfoque de distribución de oportunidades desde los que opera este proceso de asignación, así como su papel en términos de la inclusión educativa.
A Review of Recent Chinese Clinical Studies on Traditional Herbal Medicine Treatments for Iron Deficiency Anemia
Authors: Park Hyeon-jeong , Park Gyu-hyun , Lee In
Published: January 2025

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effects of traditional herbal medicine in treating iron deficiency anemia in both adults and children.Methods: Randomized controlled clinical trials conducted between 2013 and 2022, which utilized traditional herbal medicine as an intervention, were included in this study. The China Academic Journal (CAJ) with the CDMD database was used as the primary search source. A meta-analysis was performed on the outcome measures, including hemoglobin levels, serum iron, serum ferritin, and the incidence of adverse effects.Results: In the meta-analysis of studies conducted on adults, the combination therapy group demonstrated a significantly higher hemoglobin (Hb) level compared to the control group, with a mean effect size of 0.71 g/dL (95% CI 0.61~0.81, p<0.00001). Similarly, in the meta-analysis of studies conducted on children, the combination therapy group showed a significantly higher hemoglobin level compared to the control group, with a mean effect size of 1.08 g/dL (95% CI 0.23~1.93, p=0.01). The relative risk (RR) for the incidence of adverse effects in both adults and children was 0.30 (95% CI 0.20~0.45, Z=5.85, p<0.00001), indicating a lower incidence of adverse effects in the combination therapy group.Conclusion: The meta-analyses demonstrated that combining traditional herbal medicine with oral iron supplementation can result in enhanced efficacy for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. However, this study is limited by the risk of bias in the included studies, the heterogeneity among study populations, and in the herbal formulations across studies.
Review of Drug-Drug Interactions and Anticancer Effects of Osimertinib with Herbal Medicines: Focus on Bojungikgi-tang and Hwanglyeonhaedok-tang
Authors: Lee Keon-jun , Kim Dong-hyeon , Yang Seong-yoon , Chae Jung-woo , Yoo Hwa-seung , Park So-jung
Published: January 2025

Objective: To investigate the interactions and potential anticancer effects of combining osimertinib with Bojungikgi-tang (BJIKT) and Hwanglyeonhaedok-tang (HLHDT) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment.Methods: A literature review was conducted to evaluate drug interaction risks and therapeutic efficacy using pharmacokinetic models.Results: BJIKT was found to enhance the immune response, while HLHDT exhibited anti-inflammatory properties, with a minimal risk of CYP3A4 inhibition. These findings suggest the potential benefits of combining these herbal formulas with osimertinib to improve its therapeutic effects and minimize side effects.Conclusion: The combination of BJIKT and HLHDT with osimertinib shows promise as a supportive treatment strategy for NSCLC. However, further in-depth clinical studies are essential to confirm safety and efficacy.
A Case of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Who Complained of Abdominal Pain After Chemotherapy Improved by Complex Korean Medicine Treatment Including Gaewool-whadam-jeon - Case Report
Authors: Kim Yu-bin , Chun Hyonjun , Jeon Seong-hyeon , Kim Bo-hwa , Jung So-mi , Kim Ji-eun , Han Yang-hee
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of complex Korean medicine treatment for abdominal pain after chemotherapy.Methods: A 69-year-old male diagnosed with lung cancer complained of abdominal pain after chemotherapy and was hospitalized for 32 days. The patient received complex Korean medicine treatments, including acupuncture, along with herbal medicine, including Gaewool-whadam-jeon.Results: After 32 days of treatment, abdominal pain decreased on the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) (from 18 to 2), the numeric rating scale (NRS) (8 to 3), and the visual analog scale (VAS) (10 to 3). The quality of life improved in Version 2 of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, the physical component summary (PCS) from 20 to 61.9, and the mental component summary (MCS) from 15.9 to 50.9. A three-month follow-up after discharge confirmed continued improvement in symptoms with no significant side effects.Conclusion: This study suggests that complex Korean medicine treatment may be effective for managing abdominal pain after chemotherapy.
A Case Report of Korean Medicine Treatment for Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Ahn Dae-seong , Jeong Ji-cheon
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Cardiac amyloidosis is a rare form of cardiomyopathy caused by amyloid deposition in the myocardium. This study reported on the effects of Korean medicine treatment on a patient with cardiac amyloidosis.Case Summary: A 60-year-old male patient visited a Korean medical clinic with dyspnea, general weakness, multiple pains in the lower back, right hip joint, and both knee joints, and tingling sensations in both the upper and lower limbs. The patient was treated with acupuncture using a combination of multiple acupoints, cupping, and Western medications. After 84 outpatient treatments, most subjective symptoms, including multiple pains, tingling sensations, general weakness, and abdominal discomfort, were relieved. The numeric rating scale (NRS) scores for low back pain and right hip joint pain decreased from 8 (Day 1) to 0 (Day 124).Conclusion: This report suggests that Korean medical treatment could be a viable option for symptom management in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.
Case Report of Sjogren’s Syndrome Improved by Korean Medicine Complex Treatment, Including Modified Sasammaekdong-tang
Authors: Jo Jung-ho , Choi Seung-kwan , Kim Kang-san
Published: January 2025

Objective: This case report evaluates the effectiveness of integrative Korean medicine treatment, including Modified Sasammaekdong-tang, in improving the symptoms of a patient with Sjögren’s syndrome.Methods: A 62-year-old female with Sjögren’s syndrome presented with dry eyes, dry mouth, fatigue, left hip pain, and lower back pain. She received 31 days of inpatient treatment, including modified Sasammaekdong-tang. Her pattern identification was Yin deficiency with heat syndrome (陰虛潮熱). Acupuncture was applied at points such as CV24 (Chengjiang), TE5 (Waiguan), and KI6 (Zhaohai), along with pharmacopuncture, Chuna therapy, and moxibustion.Results: ESSPRI scores improved from 8.33 to 3.67, ODI scores decreased from 71.1% to 35.5%, and EQ-5D-5L scores showed an enhanced quality of life. Mild gastrointestinal symptoms occurred but were resolved with additional prescriptions, demonstrating low side effects and high compliance.Conclusion: This case supports the potential for integrative Korean medicine treatment as a safe and effective approach for managing the symptoms of Sjögren’s syndrome. Further research with larger sample sizes is recommended.
Imperfect quantum networks with tailored resource states
Authors: Mor-Ruiz Maria Flors , Wallnöfer Julius , Dür Wolfgang
Published: January 2025

Entanglement-based quantum networks exhibit a unique flexibility in the choice of entangled resource states that are then locally manipulated by the nodes to fulfill any request in the network. Furthermore, this manipulation is not uniquely defined and thus can be optimized. We tailor the adaptation of the resource state or pre-established entanglement to achieve bipartite communication in an imperfect setting that includes time-dependent memory errors. In this same setting, we study how the flexibility of this approach can be used for the distribution of entanglement in a fully asymmetric network scenario. The considered entanglement topology is a custom one based on the minimization of the required measurements to retrieve a Bell pair. The optimization of the manipulation and the study of such a custom entanglement topology are performed using the noisy stabilizer formalism, a recently introduced method to fully track noise on graph states. We find that exploiting the flexibility of the entanglement topology, given a certain set of bipartite requests, is highly favorable in terms of the fidelity of the final state.
GEOGRAFIAS, IMAGINÁRIOS E NARRATIVAS TRANSMÍDIAS
Authors: Nascimento Francyjonison Custodio do
Published: January 2025

O diálogoentre a Geografia e as obras audiovisuais tem crescido nas últimas décadas, promovendo reflexões geográficas sobre os modos de ver o espaço geográfico e, mais precisamente, a cidade. Atualmente, ficções seriadas de teor onírico têm ganhado relevo e investigar os discursos espaciais presentes nestas obras é pertinente para a Geografia.  Mais pertinente ainda é quando estas obras estão incluídas dentro de narrativas transmidiáticas, que promovem o diálogo de diversas linguagens e fomentam a experiencia midiática atual. Diante disso, este artigo investiga os discursos espaciais acerca da cidade na série ficcionada O Demolidor da plataforma de streaming Netflix. Para tanto, faz uso de uma revisão bibliográfica e da interpretação de elementos da obra audiovisual, tais como estrutura narrativa, intertextualidade e paisagens. Os discursos da narrativa, aludindo a outras linguagens e visões de mundo, evidenciam a cidade perspectivada sob um viés negativo
Formal transformation of OWL ontology to a FOKI generic meta-model
Authors: Hnatkowska Bogumila , Kozierkiewicz Adrianna , Pietranik Marcin
Published: January 2025

Ontology integration is merging a set of ontologies to provide a single,
unified ontology, which contains all of the knowledge from input ontologies.
Most solutions described in the literature are based on the OWL format and
in corporate its strengths and weaknesses. In our previous research, we
developed the ontology integration framework FOKI, which does not use the
OWL. Collected experimental data using prepared ontologies proved its
usefulness. However, the lack of OWL support makes it challenging to use the
FOKI framework in practical applications. This paper presents a meta-model
and a set of transformation rules for bi-directional transformation between
ontologies expressed in our framework and the OWL standard. The meta-model
serves as a bridge in the transformation process. Transformation rules are
built by referencing an abstract syntax element of OWL2 and an appropriate
mathematical formalism from FOKI. Their correctness was verified on widely
available ontologies expressed in OWL provided, e.g., by the Ontology
Alignment Evaluation Initiative.
Patient-reported outcomes of esthetics, function and oral hygiene with single dental implants 10–15 years after placement: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wallin Bengtsson Viveca , Lindahl Christel , Scholander Sven
Published: January 2025

Aims: Little attention has been paid to patients’ perception of function and esthetics with single dental implants. The aim of this study was therefore to describe patient-reported function and esthetic outcomes in single dental implants. A second aim was to study the objective esthetics in single dental implants.
Material and methods: Patients with one single dental implant in the esthetic zone were selected. Two questionnaires with visual analog scales (VAS) were filled in by the patients, and intraoral photographs were taken. One of the questionnaires related to satisfaction with cleaning and function, and the other involved the esthetics of the single dental implant. One dentist reviewed the photographs using the pink esthetic score/white esthetic score (PES/WES) index. 
Results: For chewing and for speaking, the scores were 8.8 and 9.9 respectively on a VAS (best 10). The overall esthetic score on a VAS was 8.6 (best 10). The PES/WES in the present study was 14.6 (standard deviation [SD] ± 1.9), and 3/45 (6.7%) of the single dental implants never reached clinical acceptability. 
Conclusions: Patients reported high satisfaction with both the function and the esthetics of single dental implants. Both subjectively and objectively, the peri-implant mucosa was less favorable compared with the crown.