bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenge or Threat? Proposing and Testing a Career Shock Coping Model
Authors: Fris Daan A. H. , van Vianen Annelies E. M. , van Hooft Edwin A. J. , de Hoog Matthijs , de Pagter Anne P. J.
Published: October 2024

Career shocks can significantly impact individuals’ career development. We propose that how a career shock affects career development depends on how people appraise it. Specifically, our Career Shock Coping (CSC) model proposes that, dependent on personal characteristics, individuals differ in the extent to which they appraise career shocks as challenging and/or threatening. Challenge and threat appraisals inspire approach- and avoidance-oriented career behaviors, respectively, which differentially relate to career-related outcomes. A two-wave study was conducted among medical students ( N = 279) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic as a career shock. Supporting our CSC model, core self-evaluation (CSE) related negatively to threat appraisal and threat appraisal related positively to avoidance-oriented career behavior. Avoidance-oriented career behavior related positively to career decision-making stress. The relations between CSE, challenge appraisal, approach-oriented career behavior, and career decision-making stress were not significant. The findings have implications for career shocks research and career counseling practice.
Adults’ articulations about children and their coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic - Antonovsky-inspired thematic analysis of Swedish junior and daily newspapers
Authors: Glasdam Stinne , Meier Marie , Tilgmann Carola , Stjernswärd Sigrid
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic affected populations worldwide, generating prolific media coverage. From an Antonovsky perspective, this study explored how adults articulated children and their coping strategies during the pandemic in Swedish newspapers. Data was collected through a systematic search in the Retriever Database, March 2020 to June 2021. Following manual screening, 956 articles were included for an Antonovsky-inspired thematic analysis. The findings showed that children were depicted as resourceful, dangerous, and exposed, with a predominance towards dangerous and exposed. Children’s sense of coherence was often linked to behaviour that aligned with the medico-political guidelines for appropriate COVID-19 conduct.
Cameron and Quinn’s organisational culture traits In the context of university-SME cooperation: A qualitative study
Authors: Franco Mário , Sartor Rafael , Rodrigues Margarida
Published: October 2024

Partnerships between universities and enterprises (U-E) have become increasingly important. However, research into the style of organisational culture in these collaborations is limited. Thus, the aim of this study is to identify, using the psychometric tool developed by Cameron and Quinn (1999): OCAI ( Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument), the relevance and style of corporate culture in collaboration between universities and small and medium-sized enterprises (U-SME). We decided to carry out multiple case studies, which involved the cooperation relationships between a Portuguese university and eight incubated SMEs. To obtain the data, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the aim of gaining a deeper understanding of the meaning, importance and type of organisational culture present in U-SME cooperation. The results suggest that a U-SME cooperation relationship can display different cultural traits simultaneously. The coexistence of different cultural types is since organisational culture can be influenced by different factors, such as the nature of the work, the sector in which it operates, the objectives pursued, the hierarchical levels, among others.
On status quo bias and the existence of Condorcet cycles in binary voting situations
Authors: Andersson Tommy
Published: October 2024

In most real-life binary voting situations, multiple challenger alternatives can potentially contest the status quo alternative, but only one of them can be listed on the ballot. Consequently, Condorcet cycles cannot be detected by analyzing voting data alone, even when they exist. This paper considers a standard theoretical framework where Condorcet cycles cannot exist, but demonstrates that this need not be the case when voters experience status quo bias. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of Condorcet cycles are provided. Monte Carlo simulations predict the probability that Condorcet cycles exist in binary voting situations with status quo bias to roughly one percent under different assumptions and scenarios.
Experimental prediction model for full life friction performance of wet clutch via attention-based LSTM network
Authors: Feng Yuqing , Zheng Changsong , Yu Liang , Wei Chengsi , Ouyang Xiangjun
Published: October 2024

Effective performance prediction under different working conditions is crucial for the reliability evaluation and health management of wet multi-disc clutches throughout the service life. In light of the difficulty in data acquisition and dynamic assessment of degradation status within the clutch life cycle, a machine learning-based service period performance prediction method that does not rely on offline data is proposed. Firstly, the clutch lifecycle experiments are designed and conducted under different working conditions to verify the phased decline in friction performance, where changes in friction surface roughness lead to the continuous deterioration of tribological behavior. Then, based on the extracted average coefficient of friction (COF), engagement time, peak torque attenuation coefficient ( K torq), and chaotic feature parameters including correlation dimension ( D2) and standard deviation of distance matrix ( SD- DM), the attention-based deep learning model (Att-LSTM) is established to predict the performance degradation. Finally, the predictive performance of the proposed model is validated by using different historical data volumes. The results show that the proposed Att-LSTM model has an average MAPE of 7.70% and 6.54% on a limited historical dataset of 40% and 60%, respectively, demonstrating superior accuracy. This work is conducive to promoting the health management and conditional maintenance for clutch system during the on-duty phase.
A review of drive torque distribution control for distributed drive electric vehicles
Authors: Zhao Kaikai , Fan Xiaobin , Huang Zipeng , Yu Xueliang , Wang Linhui , Peng Jiaxing
Published: October 2024

Distributed drive electric vehicles have the advantages of the ability to drive each wheel independently, the possibility of braking energy recovery, and a variety of steering modes, which has a major impact on enhancing the operational stability and energetic performance of the vehicle. The torque distribution control of distributed drive electric vehicles provides more rapid and precise elements for the drive anti-skid system and brake anti-lock braking system. However, it still faces theoretical and technical challenges in the torque distribution process for distributed drive electric vehicles due to the characteristics of over-constraints and strongly coupled nonlinearities of the vehicle’s dynamical state. Due to these dimensions, this paper reviews the latest research progress on driving torque distribution control strategy for distributed-drive electric vehicles, from aspects such as the vehicle stability control, energetic performance control, vehicle road-tracking control, combined vehicle safety and energy efficiency control strategy. The torque distribution control strategy of vehicle under different operating conditions is the focus of the analysis in this research paper, providing a foundation for future researchers. Finally, the development of torque distribution is discussed from different perspectives respectively, aiming to promote the development of high-performance torque distribution controllers.
An investigation on LQR based optimal terminal states control for exo-atmospheric flight of super heavy hypersonic intercontinental ballistic missiles using Gauss pseudospectral method
Authors: Mamandi Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Using 3-DOF model for the launch vehicle, the governing dynamic differential equations for the flight of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) in a rotating Earth model has been employed to form the optimal control problem (OCP). Based on the Gauss pseudospectral method (GPM) for the OCP, the state and control variables are discretized using the Legendre-Gauss (LG) points in which the system dynamics is approximated on these LG points. Based on GPM, the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller for objective function of the OCP has been used for the state and control variables when the vacuum flight of the missile is constrained by a fixed terminal state-fixed terminal time condition. Then the objective function of OCP has been discretized in terms of state variables employing the Gauss differential approximation matrix. Using LQR based optimal control in conjunction with the GPM, input control variables are comprised to meet the terminal conditions of the system accordingly. In order to evaluate the performance and applicability of the present LQR based GPM optimal terminal states control in the exo-atmospheric flight of super heavy hypersonic ICBMs, the Titan II and RS-28 Sarmat are used as the launch vehicles. Numerical simulations for terminal errors are examined for the perturbed thrust and control problems. Numerical simulations reveal that the nonzero terminal errors are quite small in which the terminal accuracy of the solution can be regarded as acceptable. Moreover, it is concluded that the applied method effectively able to keep ICBM on to the desired terminal coordinates.
Topology optimization and experimental validation of mass-reduced aircraft wing designs
Authors: Rahman Mosfequr , Fricks Charles , Ahmed Hossain , Crowe John , Pernell Eric , Ilie Marcel , Soloiu Valentin
Published: October 2024

Development and evaluation of a novel design of mass reduced aircraft wing ribs through topology optimization is reported herein. For comparison, the same examination is performed on ribs with normal internal geometry. The wing rib design is based on the Gulfstream G650 transonic jet. The rib is divided into three segments for analysis based around the positions of the two spars. Only the center section of the rib is mass optimized, while the leading and trailing edges of the ribs are kept solid. Methodology in this study includes the k-Ω shear stress transport turbulence model computational fluid dynamic simulation as well as static and transient finite element simulations. The optimized wing rib is found to be between 8% and 15% lighter than traditional wing ribs depending on configuration. Simulation of the wing showed a tip deflection of 13.8 cm upward at an angle of 1.1°. An experimental scaled model of the optimized wing subjected to near identical bending loads as identified in the FEA simulation is applied to validate stress concentrations and performance. It is found that in the simulations, average stress never exceeded the factor of safety prescribed by the FAA. While the average factor of safety on the full computational model was 2.649, the average factor of safety on the experimental model was 9.185. Four strain gauges attached to the experimental model are used to compare the strains at similar locations on the computational model. The experimental results validate the CFD simulation results with acceptable tolerances.
Nonlinear performance of aerospace face gear-planetary gear transmission system under multi-factors including the effect of temperature
Authors: Bi Xincheng , Wang Jungang , Chen Xiang , Mo Ruina
Published: October 2024

Face gear-planetary gear transmission system combines the advantages of both planetary and face gears. And has enormous advantages in the aerospace field. The meshing of gear teeth generates heat through friction, resulting in thermal deformation and affects nonlinear dynamic characteristics. Exploring the temperature effect on the nonlinear dynamics of the transmission system of face gear-planetary gear is of great significance. Considering the temperature variations effect and time-varying meshing stiffness, tooth side clearance as well as meshing error, a nonlinear dynamic model of the face gear-planetary gear system is established. The nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the system were described by maximum Lyapunov exponent diagram, phase diagram, bifurcation diagram et al. The findings indicate that the effect of temperature variations on the gear system is related to the values of the time-varying mesh stiffness coefficient and mesh damping ratio. When the mesh damping ratio is small, the influence of temperature changes on the bifurcation characteristics of the system is more obvious. As the time-varying mesh stiffness value increases, the temperature rise gradually stabilizes in the range of 15°C to 42°C; Under certain temperature changes, as the meshing damping ratio and time-varying meshing stiffness coefficient increase, the face gear planetary gear system gradually tends to stabilize.
Urban displacement and placemaking in public space for wellbeing: a systematic review of global literature
Authors: te Lintelo Dolf J H , Ip Morgan Alexander , Lappi Tiina Riitta , Lakshman Rajith Weligamage Don , Hemmersam Peter , Dar Anandini , Tervonen Miika
Published: October 2024

Cities and towns are critical geographies of refuge for a globally unprecedented number of forcibly displaced people. Yet urban processes also expose these groups and the local urban poor to recurrent displacements. While such experiences are shared, studies often treat these populations as distinct. Drawing on Yiftachel’s notion of displaceability, this paper systematically reviews and synthesizes a global literature on diversely displaced people’s placemaking in urban public space. Observing a significant analytical gap regarding cities of the so-called global South, the paper identifies a heuristic, and key analytical dimensions shaping divergent access and uses of public space by variously displaced populations. These concern: temporal patterns; powerful meta-narratives of people and place; and complex multi-scalar and multi-actor configurations of regulatory regimes governing public space. Simultaneously, acquisition and deployment of urban knowledge and a practice of (in)visibility enable differentially displaced populations’ everyday claims to public space for wellbeing.
Knowledge mapping of data literacy: A bibliometric study using visual analysis
Authors: Yan Chunlai , Wang Huan , Luo Xuegang
Published: October 2024

Presenting a comprehensive knowledge map tailored for researchers within the domain of data literacy, facilitating swift comprehension of pivotal concepts, evolving trends, and emerging research frontiers. Employing advanced bibliometric analysis in conjunction with cutting-edge software tools including CiteSpace, Ucinet, and gCLUTO, the study meticulously examines a corpus of 1250 scholarly documents sourced from both the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus datasets spanning the period from 2004 to 2023. The resultant scientific knowledge map illuminates the landscape of data literacy research, synthesizing a thorough and methodical literature review that seamlessly integrates qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Findings notably indicate a conspicuous uptick in scholarly interest surrounding data literacy post-2015, with a quantified exponential growth pattern depicted by the function y = 0.8777e0.3384x. Key research focal points in data literacy foreground domains such as data management and utilization, decision-driven research in data literacy, pedagogical strategies for cultivating data literacy in educators and students, critical data literacy considerations, artificial intelligence, media literacy, among others. Future research trajectories appear poised toward advancing both the training methodologies and practical applications of media data literacy and critical data literacy within the context of information proliferation, particularly emphasizing educational settings.
China–Pakistan Economic Corridor and Its Impact on India
Authors: Hussain Muzaffar , Ramzan Hilal , Singh Sandeep
Published: October 2024

The China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a collection of infrastructure projects as part of China’s broad strategic design One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative. Initially valued at $46 billion, the value of CPEC projects as of 2020 has mounted to worth $62 billion. The project is intended to further strengthen China’s strategic ties with Pakistan apart from the broader strategic aims of the former. On 20 April 2015, the then Chinese President, Xi Jinping, visited Pakistan to inaugurate this project. Both countries have since decided to establish the CPEC to connect Beijing’s Kashgar with strategically vital Pakistan’s Gwadar port through a network of roads, proposed railway tracks, an energy pipeline and fibre optic lines. The project is seen as an initiative to have enormous economic significance for both countries. For Beijing, the CPEC is a part of its grand strategic design, especially for the Indo-Pacific region, and for Islamabad, it is an opportunity to boost its development and investment indices, more importantly to boost its throttling economy. As the India factor plays a key role in binding China and Pakistan together and India is fighting a two-front war with these two adversaries, it is quite natural for New Delhi to be concerned about CPEC and respond accordingly. This article gives a general introduction about the CPEC and a theoretical understanding, followed by an attempt to answer such questions as what CPEC means for China and Pakistan and its prospects and challenges. Finally, this article attempts to analyse the impact of CPEC on India and its response. The study has adopted the qualitative method of inquiry by using the historical and analytical approach.
Trade and Investment Trends Between Ethiopia and Turkey: A Comprehensive Study from 2012 to 2022
Authors: Ayal Betselot Addisu , Dubale Nani Debele , Bishaw Esayas Bamalck
Published: October 2024

This study analyses the trade and investment interactions between Ethiopia and Turkey from 2012 to 2022. During this timeframe, Ethiopia, known for its growth in Africa, and Turkey, a key player in emerging markets, experienced substantial growth in mutual economic ties. To attain these objectives, a mixed research approach with both explanatory and descriptive research designs was used. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data analysis of trade volumes, investment flows and sectoral contributions with qualitative assessments derived from interviews with key stakeholders and reviews of relevant policy documents. The acquired data was analysed using descriptive statistics. This study found that Ethiopia chronically runs a negative balance in its trade with Turkey. The unequal trade terms between agricultural commodities major exports and capital goods major imports can largely explain Ethiopia’s trade deficit. The study’s significant findings indicate that despite fluctuations in relations from time to time, Ethio-Turkey trade and FDI have seen a positive dimension and have increased rapidly in recent years. In terms of capital, Turkish investment was the second highest, followed by China in Ethiopia. Turkish FDI is a key source of capital inflow and a driver of economic growth and development in Ethiopia.
A Large Multilocular Mesothelial Splenic Cyst in Adult: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Somani Kavita , Singh Pretty , Poduval Sujatha
Published: October 2024

Background:

Splenic cysts are uncommon ailments and are incidentally discovered either during imaging procedures or while examining the cause of left upper abdominal pain. The origin of splenic cysts can be either parasitic or non-parasitic. Non-parasitic cysts can be classified as primary or secondary. Primary cysts are also referred to as true, congenital, epidermoid or epithelial cysts. On the other hand, secondary cysts are commonly known as pseudocysts. Splenic cysts are usually asymptomatic and can be found incidentally. Symptoms are usually related to the size of the cyst. Patient may present as local or referred pain, abdominal fullness, local tenderness or symptoms due to compression of the adjacent organs.

Case report:

We present a case report involving a 56-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with a sizable splenic cyst, initially suspected to be a hydatid cyst. The patient underwent splenectomy, and subsequent microscopic evaluation revealed a diagnosis of a mesothelial cyst, a condition that is considered rare.

Conclusion:

The clinical history, radiological findings and pathological examination of the cyst are discussed to highlight the diagnostic challenges and management considerations associated with this unusually large mesothelial splenic cyst in adults.
‘Yes, I’m an Elite athlete and I’m Gay’: Experiences of elite gay male athletes in Spain
Authors: Vilanova Anna , Kopelovich Pablo , Serra Pedrona , Piedra Joaquín
Published: October 2024

There is a broad academic consensus that sexual minorities have been marginalised in sports culture. The present research is the first to explore the experiences of gay male elite athletes in Spain. Drawing on 11 semi-structured interviews with these athletes, this paper focuses on the experiences of being gay in elite sport. Guided by Connell's concept of hegemonic masculinity and the process of individualisation, our findings show that all the athletes have experienced or witnessed homonegativity, but at the same time have been empowered by sport. These athletes are paving the way for a more diverse masculinity in sport and making male homosexuality more visible. For continued improvements, it is important to implement more effective, inclusive sports policies and to introduce specific training for stakeholders.
Classroom-Based Experiential Learning: Experiences from Kosovo Primary Schools
Authors: Shehu Blerta Perolli , Gjelaj Majlinda , Konjufca Jon , Arenliu Aliriza , Hoxha Rreze
Published: October 2024

Background: Studies show that key significant variables related to effectiveness of teaching and learning are students' attitudes towards learning, teacher competencies and teaching methodologies applied (Riera et. al, 2023; Glazier & Bean, 2019; Mulala, 2015; Amirtha & Jebaseelan, 2015). Purpose: To explore changes in primary student attitudes towards learning pre- and post-implementation of a curriculum based on experiential learning methodology. Furthermore, the study also measured specific pre-service teacher variables (perceived self-efficacy, motivation, and power) pre and post implementation of experiential learning methodology. Methodology/ Approach: The study followed a carefully designed intervention, using comparison groups pre/post study design to compare outcomes of the groups before and after the study. The study was conducted with a sample of 856 fifth-grade students, and 30 pre-service teachers. Findings/ Conlusions: Results indicated that there were significant increases in positive attitudes of students in intervention group classes. Results also indicate higher motivation for engagement in the teaching process of intervention group pre-service teachers compared to control group pre-service teachers and a significant increase in perceived power during classroom hours for intervention group pre-service teachers from the pre-test to the post-test phase. Implications: The implications of this research extend to other educational systems, as incorporating hands-on practical experiences in teacher education programs results in capable teachers committed to lifelong learning and creation of positive learning environments, and incorporating experiential learning methodologies can enhance student engagement, positive attitudes and motivation to learn and excel academically.
Development and Validation of Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2) Algorithms to Assess ICD-11 Personality Trait Domain Qualifiers
Authors: de Oliveira Sérgio Eduardo Silva , Magarotto Machado Gisele , Pianowski Giselle , Mansur-Alves Marcela , de Francisco Carvalho Lucas
Published: October 2024

With the advent of the new diagnostic model for personality disorders in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), researchers and practitioners in World Health Organization signatory countries are urged to implement it. This study aims to develop a brief, reliable, and valid scale for assessing maladaptive personality traits according to the ICD-11 model, using the item pool of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP-2). Quantitative and qualitative criteria for item selection were applied to a sample of 251 Brazilian adults. As a result, the 25 items (five items per factor) were selected, demonstrating promising evidence of validity based on the internal structure with a database of 1,659 Brazilian adults. In addition, we found good evidence of validity based on relationships with external variables, particularly those related to personality pathology, in a sample of 617 Brazilian adults. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Evaluating heart rate variability by a novel stethoscopic approach to minimise stress in cats
Authors: Chen Chi-Ru , Chang Wei-Tao , Chen Hui-Wen , Wu Huey-Dong , Hsieh Olivia F , Lin Chung-Hui
Published: October 2024

Objectives

Stress associated with manipulation during electrocardiography (ECG) recording in cats potentially limits the assessment of autonomic function through heart rate variability (HRV) in the feline population. This study proposed an alternative, cat friendly, stethoscopic approach to evaluate HRV with an easily acquired vasovagal tonus index (VVTI).

Methods

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate whether VVTI derived from heart sound signals could distinguish between relaxed and stimulated states. A total of 29 cats with 56 recordings of heart sound and ECG on 31 occasions were included. In 25 cats in their home environment, a stethoscope connected to a digital recording device was used to record 2 mins of heart sounds twice – with the cats in a relaxed state and immediately after stimulation. The VVTI was calculated from 20, 60 and 120 consecutive beat-to-beat intervals on the heart sound spectrogram (stethoscopic-VVTI 20, 60 and 120), using the natural logarithm of the variance of the intervals based on previous literature. A 2-min ECG recording was obtained at home with the intention of avoiding strict restraint. To demonstrate the feasibility of the stethoscopic approach in a hospital setting, six cats (two of which were also recorded at home) underwent heart sound and ECG recordings during planned veterinary visits.

Results

Stethoscopic-VVTI 20 (5.43 to 4.79, P = 0.001), 60 (6.20 to 5.18, P <0.001) and 120 (6.24 to 5.60, P = 0.02) all significantly decreased after stimulation, indicating a reduced vasovagal tone as expected. Calculations of stethoscopic-VVTI from different sections of the recording yielded statistically similar results. Stethoscopic-VVTI showed a negative correlation with the corresponding heart rate. Bland–Altman analysis revealed a mean bias for the differences between stethoscopic-VVTI and ECG-VVTI of 0.50 and 1.07 at home and in the hospital, respectively.

Conclusions and relevance

VVTI can be successfully detected through a stethoscopic approach, serving as a less stressful tool for HRV evaluation in cats during routine auscultation.
Relationship Between High Frequency Component of Heart Rate Variability and Delta EEG Power During Sleep in Women With Irritable Bowel Syndrome Compared to Healthy Women
Authors: Yang Pei-Lin , Kamp Kendra J. , Tu Qian , Chen Li Juen , Cain Kevin , Heitkemper Margaret M. , Burr Robert L.
Published: October 2024

Objective

To explore the relationship between the high frequency (HF) heart rate variability (HRV) and electroencephalogram (EEG) delta band power in women with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) versus healthy control women.

Materials and Methods

Twenty women with IBS and twenty healthy controls were studied over three consecutive nights using polysomnography in a sleep laboratory. To avoid the first night effect, only second-night data were analyzed. Power spectral analysis was applied to HRV and EEG recordings. The linear system coherence/phase analysis assessed the relationship between normalized HF power of HRV and normalized delta band power of EEG during the first four NREM-REM sleep cycles.

Results

Women with IBS exhibited a significantly higher percentage of NREM sleep, higher normalized HF, lower normalized low frequency (LF) and decreased LF/HF ratio of HRV in the first four NREM-REM sleep cycles compared to controls. Additionally, their normalized delta band power was significantly lower in these sleep cycles and over the whole night. The phase shift between HF and delta band power was significantly longer in the IBS group. While the coherence between normalized HF and normalized delta band power was lower in the IBS group, the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

The coherence/phase analysis showed a dysregulated interaction between autonomic and central nervous systems in women with IBS, manifested by increased lag time between cardiac and EEG delta band power compared to healthy controls. Whether this dysregulation contributes to the pathophysiology of IBS remains to be determined.
Assessing NASA-POWER Precipitation Product in Predicting Surface Flow: Lower Jhelum River Case Study
Authors: Khalid Muhammad Raza , Ahmed Shehroz , Abdullah Abdullah
Published: October 2024

The Lower Jhelum River watershed has variable topography (i.e. northern mountains and southern plains) and a subtropical climate with hot summers and cool winters. This emphasized the extensive use of state-of-the-art POWER reanalysis precipitation product rather than gauge estimates for hydrological investigations (modeling rainfall runoff, floods, and droughts etc.). To understand the consistency and potential of the precipitation values from both sources, the primary objective of this study was to establish a relationship between POWER data and rain gauge data by utilizing 13 rain gauge stations present in the catchment. While analyzing the rainfall data, a relatively weaker linear association ( R), ranging from .6, .68 to .78, was found between the ground-based observatories and the POWER product especially for the arid and semi-arid regions. For the mountainous part, covering a wide glacial range, POWER product showed a better match with ground-based observatories that is, R value ranging from .78, .88 to .91. The simulated stream flow results by integrated HEC-HMS model showed that the POWER product can become a good asset in developing the weather data for those areas where the rain gauges are either absent or inaccessible.
Unraveling the Mechanism of Action of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 5 and Its Inhibitors in Tumors
Authors: Wang Jie , Fang Shizhen , Jiang Yang , Hua Qingquan
Published: October 2024

Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 (USP5), a member of the ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) family, functions by specifically removing ubiquitin chains from target proteins for stabilization and degrading unbound polyubiquitin chains to maintain a steady-state monoubiquitin pool. Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 regulates various cellular activities, including DNA double-strand break repair, transmission of neuropathic and inflammatory pain signals, immune response, and tumor cell proliferation. Furthermore, USP5 is involved in the development of multiple tumors such as liver, lung, pancreatic, and breast cancers as well as melanoma. Downstream regulatory mechanisms associated with USP5 are complex and diverse. Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 has been revealed as an emerging target for tumor treatment. This study has introduced some molecules upstream to control the expression of USP5 at the levels of transcription, translation, and post-translation. Furthermore, the study incorporated inhibitors known to be associated with USP5, including partially selective deubiquitinase (DUB) inhibitors such as WP1130, EOAI3402143, vialinin A, and chalcone derivatives. It also included the ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 inhibitor, PYR-41. These small molecule inhibitors impact the occurrence and development of various tumors. Therefore, this article comprehensively reviews the pivotal role of USP5 in different signaling pathways during tumor progression and resumes the progress made in developing USP5 inhibitors, providing a theoretical foundation for their clinical translation.
Navigating epistemic colonialism in an Indian MBA: Student experience beyond colonial difference
Authors: Jammulamadaka Nimruji , Jack Gavin
Published: October 2024

The global field of management education and Master of Business Administration programmes constitute a hierarchy that propagates new and ongoing forms of epistemic colonialism, creating challenges and dilemmas for institutions and faculty members, especially in post-colonial locations. Limited attention has been paid to hearing and understanding students’ voices from the Global South and their experiences of this hierarchy. This study presents the findings of mixed-methods research (interviews, survey) at an elite Indian Business School into how Master of Business Administration students located in India navigate a ‘Western’ Master of Business Administration. We use Ashis Nandy’s idea of cultural resources, Walter Mignolo’s enactive epistemologies and Gloria Anzaldúa’s border consciousness to discuss how such students ‘survive’ epistemic domination through particular practices (translation, silent coping, domestication of the West) and subjectivities (subordinated, coping/resisting, socio-culturally empowered); that is to say, students’ own decolonizing praxis. The contribution of this article lies in this demonstration of how students thus do decolonial work, domesticating the Western Master of Business Administration while skilfully navigating a pluriversality of management knowledges. Insights may be used by Faculty to enhance the relevance and quality of Master of Business Administration education, by listening to and legitimizing Southern student perspectives.
Teledermoscopic triage of melanoma-suspicious skin lesions is safe: A retrospective comparative diagnostic accuracy study with multiple assessors
Authors: Nervil Gustav Gede , Ternov Niels Kvorning , Lorentzen Henrik , Kromann Charles , Ingvar Åsa , Nielsen Kari , Tolsgaard Martin , Vestergaard Tine , Hölmich Lisbet Rosenkrantz
Published: October 2024

Background

The rising incidence of melanoma and the high number of benign lesions excised due to diagnostic uncertainty highlight the need for effective patient triage. This study assesses the safety and accuracy of teledermoscopic triage on a high-prevalence case set with pre-triaged, challenging, melanoma-suspicious lesions.

Methods

Five dermatologists independently reviewed 250 retrospectively extracted patient cases. Teledermoscopy assessments were simulated for panels of 1, 2, 3 and 5 assessors using two distinct consensus strategies, Caution Protocol and Majority Vote, and the sensitivity and specificity of the patient triages were calculated.

Results

Triage by a single teledermatologist showed a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 58.7%. Sensitivity improved with the number of assessors, particularly when using the Caution Protocol, though with a considerable drop in specificity. The Majority Vote showed a more balanced improvement in sensitivity and specificity. Safety analyses indicated that diagnostic accuracy decreased with poor image quality and increased case difficulty.

Discussion

Expert teledermoscopic triage of melanocytic skin lesions is highly sensitive and lowers the need for unnecessary excision procedures by half while dismissing as few as 0.4% (95% confidence interval 0–0.6%) of melanomas, even when applied to a high-prevalence pre-triaged subpopulation. Implementation of safety procedures increases accuracy. Using multiple teledermatologists increases sensitivity but at the cost of specificity unless a Majority Vote consensus strategy is applied. Future teledermoscopy guidelines should encompass safety procedures and protocols for disagreement between assessors.
Use of telemediated caregiver coaching to increase access to naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions within a statewide early intervention system
Authors: Simcoe Kathleen , Stainbrook J Alacia , Chazin Kate T , Schnelle Elaina , Wagner Liliana , Hooper Madison , Juárez A Pablo , Warren Zachary
Published: October 2024

Despite the clear efficacy and appeal of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for families of young children, they are often difficult for families to access due to the limited availability of trained service providers. In recent years, telehealth has emerged as an effective tool for overcoming issues related to access, especially in rural and underserved communities. However, while telehealth offers a strategy to connect with families, it does not address the limited availability of trained providers. In this article, we provide an overview of a statewide model developed to increase access to naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for families while building the capacity of early intervention providers. Through this model, expert consultants connect to caregivers and providers via telehealth to provide information and coaching over a limited series of visits. Collectively, child, caregiver, and provider outcomes support the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of this model while demonstrating that services can be provided successfully to diverse participants.

Lay abstract

Many families seek access to evidence-based therapy to support their child’s learning. Naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention is a set of practices that use a child’s natural motivation and interest to teach skills in everyday routines. Many families find naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions appealing and they have been proven to be effective. However, families may not be able to enroll in naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention–based programs due to the limited availability of trained service providers. Telehealth is the use of technology to engage with care providers, including doctors and therapists. Telehealth is an effective tool for improving access to services, especially for people in rural and underserved communities. Telehealth offers a way for providers to connect with families but it does not address the low numbers of trained providers. In this article, we share a statewide model developed to increase access to naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for families while increasing training opportunities for early intervention providers. Through this model, expert consultants worked with caregivers and providers via telehealth for a brief series of visits. During these visits, consultants taught caregivers and providers strategies based in naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. Feedback from caregivers and providers, along with improvement in child skills, show that this model was effective and acceptable.
Analysis of total RNA as a potential biomarker of developmental neurotoxicity in silico
Authors: Jovičić Snežana M.
Published: October 2024

A vast number of neurodegenerative disorders arise from neurotoxicity. In neurotoxicity, more than 250 RNA molecules are up and downregulated. The manuscript investigates the exposure of chlorpyrifos organophosphate pesticide (COP) effect on total RNA in murine brain tissue in 4 genotypes for in silico neurodegeneration development. The GSE58103 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database applies for data preprocessing, normalization, and quality control. Differential expression analysis (DEG) uses the limma package in R. Study compared expression profiles from murine fetal brain tissues across four genotypes: PON-1 knockout (KO), tgHuPON1Q192 (Q-tg), tgHuPON1R192 (R-tg), and wild-type (WT). We analyze 60 samples, 15 samples per genotype, to identify DEGs. The significance criteria are adjusted p-value <.05 and a |log2 fold change| > 1. The study identifies microRNA485 as the potential biomarker of COP toxicity using the GSE58103 dataset. Significant differences exist for microRNA485 between KO and WT groups by differential expression analysis. Moreover, graphical analysis shows sample relationships among genotype groups. MicroRNA485 represents a promising biomarker for developmental COP neurotoxicity by utilizing in silico analysis in scientific practice.
Just sharing: The (potentially) radical politics of helping
Authors: Eckert Julia
Published: October 2024

This article argues that compassionate helping has radical political potentials. Observing practices of assistance to and collaboration between newly arrived refugees and established citizens in what has been called the long summer of migration, I argue that hegemonic norms of in-group sharing gave way to cosmopolitan solidarity: When, in the face of the legal sources of inequity, inequality was re-politicised, claims to prerogative on the grounds of membership and merit were de-naturalised. This provided room for a novel understanding of rights to a share on the grounds of ‘presence’. While at first relying on actual physical presence, in the political theory I take from those practices, ‘presence’ means ‘connection’, constituted by the historical making of our respective life situations, and our contemporary implicated-ness in near and distant others’ lives. Such a political theory of sharing that arose from learning to help, while remaining a potentiality, pointed to the possibility of institutions of sharing adequate for the entangled nature of the contemporary world.
‘Muslim minorities’ in Kraków? Inter-relations between the Urban living spaces and the experience of spatial life of minority groups
Authors: Pycińska Magdalena , Balwierz Ida
Published: October 2024

Minority group experiences in urban settings are always subjected to the problem of top-down or external categorisations which are related to interpersonal and material interactions within the city. To catch those interdependencies our research is concerned with whether people externally categorized by us as ‘Muslims’ in the city of Krakow determine or motivate their actions and relationships mainly on the basis of religion and whether they engage in constant, regular interactions with others as ‘Muslims’. The aim of our article is twofold. First it highlights the need for researchers to examine their own assumptions about the categories they are using. Social categories determine the outcome of the research and position externally the research subjects in social networks that not necessarily mirror their actual experiences. The study therefore is exploring whether the category of ‘Krakow Muslim’ reflects their experience of the city. The second aim is to propose a variation of the ‘living space maps’ analysis, introduced by Martha Muchow (1935), to explore whether our research subjects experience the city in a religious manner and if they experience religion in a specific way in Krakow.
Race and ethnicity, revisited. A comment on Wacquant’s “race as denegated ethnicity”
Authors: Wimmer Andreas
Published: October 2024

This article critically comments on Wacquant's “race as degenerated ethnicity”. It supports his general analytical stance but suggests to decouple the concepts of race from domination and of ethnicity from equality in order to better grasp the full range of empirical variation that we find across the world.
The unfolding of conceivable practice trajectories as market-making opportunities
Authors: Bulawa Nicole , Jacob Frank
Published: October 2024

Recently, scholars increasingly emphasize the role of consumers as market-makers – going beyond mere purchasing decisions. However, amidst this newfound attention to consumer-driven market-shaping acts for established markets, little attention is given to how consumers and their practices can be utilised in the making of not-yet (established) markets. This paper contends that focussing on conceivable practices as a lens to examine nascent, future markets and tracking their trajectories, is crucial for unlocking their potential as market-making precursor. To address this gap, this article examines the market-making opportunities offered by conceivable practice trajectories. Using practice theory, the authors investigate the practice trajectories of 20 German motorists following a theories-in-use approach. To understand how practices unfold, a new interview-based research method, the Futures Practice Wheel, is developed. Thereby, highlighting how prospective accounts of practice dynamics provide market-shaping opportunities through trajectory arrangements, consumer trajectory evaluations, and the trajectory level in the unfolding of practices.
Exploring perceived helpfulness of health services in men and women with dementia and care partners: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Arsenault-Lapierre Geneviève , Rodriguez Duarte Maria Alejandra , Rojas-Rozo Laura , Jeon Yun-Hee , Hevink Maud , Ciułkowicz Marta , Szczesniak Dorota , Rait Greta , Robinson Louise , Wilcock Jane , Poole Marie , McAiney Carrie , Doucet Shelley , Luke Alison , Reid Amy E. , Vedel Isabelle
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the association of sex/gender and other factors with the perceived helpfulness of the diagnostic process and post-diagnostic services by persons with dementia and care partners.

Methods: We conducted secondary cross-sectional analysis of surveys from the ‘Cognisance’ project. Sex/gender and other factors (e.g., demographic variables, help seeking behaviours, healthcare professional consulted) of persons with dementia and care partners from four countries were considered. Main outcomes were perceived helpfulness of diagnostic process and post-diagnostic services. We conducted descriptive and multivariate analyses.

Results: Compared to men, more women with dementia perceived post-diagnostic services as helpful though not statistically significant. Sex/gender was not associated with perceived helpfulness of diagnostic process and post-diagnostic services among care partners. Satisfaction with and awareness of services were associated with perceived helpfulness among care partners.

Discussion: These findings underscore the necessity for sex/gender-based research to enhance dementia care and for tailored interventions.
Floor plan generation: The interplay among data, machine, and designer
Authors: Mostafavi Fatemeh , van Engelenburg Casper , Khademi Seyran , Vrachliotis Georg
Published: October 2024

Recent advancements in machine learning (ML) in architectural design led to new developments in automated generation of floor plans. However, critical evaluation of ML-based generated floor plans has not progressed proportionally due to the subjectivity and complexity of the assessment, particularly for large and more complex floor plans. Accordingly, a hybrid (quantitative and qualitative) floor plan evaluation scheme is introduced in this study, focusing on multiple architectural aspects. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework, the evaluation scheme is applied on the generated floor plans resulting from two baseline computer vision models. The models have been trained on a newly introduced large-scale floor plan dataset called Modified Swiss Dwellings (MSD). The results showed that despite the progression of computer vision models for floor plan generation, they still have difficulty capturing the more complex architectural qualities. In addition, the prospect of floor plan generation and evaluation and possible future developments are discussed.