bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Invertebrate Infestation on Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Nests on Kazanlı Beach, Mersın, Turkey
Authors: Aymak Cemil , Uçar Aşkın Hasan , Katılmış Yusuf , Başkale Eyup , Ergene Serap
Published: September 2020

In this study invertebrate infestation in green turtle (Chelonia mydas) nests were recorded for the first time for Kazanlı beach, Mersin, Turkey. For this aim, in 2006 nesting season, 294 natural intact green turtle nests were sampled to examine their contents and invertebrate infestation was found in 76 (25.85% of the total sampling green turtle nests). These infested nests were examined in terms of the invertebrate faunal composition. The specimens found in the green sea turtle nests were identified to order, family or genus levels and they were represented in 5 orders. These invertebrate groups are Elater sp. larvae (Elateridae; Coleoptera), Pimelia sp. larvae (Tenebrionidae; Coleoptera), Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta), Cyrptostigmata (Acari), Oniscidae (Isopoda), Formicidae (Hymenoptera). Elater sp. was the most common invertebrate group in the green turtle nests. According to student t test, we found statistically significant differences between 7 independent variables and invertebrate species presence. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis explained that there is a negative relationship between hatching success rate and invertebrate species presence.
Natural History and Reproductive Data of Kurixalus yangi (Anura: Rhacophoridae) in Nagaland, India
Authors: Humtsoe L. Nzano , Bordoloi Sabitry , Ohler Annemarie , Grosjean Stéphane
Published: September 2020

The genus Kurixalus Ye, Fei et Dubois, 1999 (Rhacophoridae Hoffman, 1932) is a small and taxonomically difficult group of treefrogs for which biological and reproductive data are missing for most of the species. A recent study of the K. odontotarsus species group (Yu et al., 2017a) revealed numerous undescribed lineages. Among them a lineage comprising specimens from Myanmar and western Yunnan, China was described as K. yangi. We report here the presence of a population of this species from Nagaland, North East India, identified by DNA barcoding of the 16S rRNA gene and morphology. A pair of adults found in amplexus is described morphologically. Data on reproduction and developmental mode were until now unknown for the continental species of this genus. Observation of reproduction in the field of K. yangi from Nagaland provided us data on its reproductive activity including spawning behavior and reproductive mode, and details on the larval developmental timing. The tadpole of this species is described for the first time including buccal anatomy. Adults are commonly found in the stumps of bamboo internodes. They breed in forest ponds, temporary rain pools or rain water tanks. Breeding activity starts from mid-April till late part of July. Unpigmented eggs measure 2.4 – 2.7 mm and are laid underwater. Under natural conditions (air temperature 18 – 30°C, water temperature 12 – 24°C), the frog complete its larval life cycle in 47 days. The tadpole shows a «classical» pond-dwelling morphology and reproductive mode. These reproductive data are compared to the Taiwanese species for which the developmental mode is well known and the evolution of the reproductive modes within the genus is discussed.
Keeping, Breeding, and Maintenance of Zooculture of the Ladakh Toad, Bufotes latastii (Boulenger, 1882)
Authors: Matushkina Kseniya A. , Kidov Artem A. , Litvinchuk Spartak N.
Published: September 2020

In this paper we present results of laboratory reproduction of the Ladakh toad (Bufotes latastii) for three generations. Two pairs of animals, which were collected in April of 2013 in Jammu and Kashmir (India), became founders of a laboratory population. The first female gave offspring four times, while the second only once. The number of eggs in clutches obtained from the first female was 6804 – 10149 and from the second was 4080 eggs. Males, which were born in laboratory, started to vocalize at the age of 3 – 4 months after metamorphosis and at the age of one year successfully reproduced. Females become mature at the two-year age only. Thus, B. latastii is a fast-growing and early-maturing species. The number of eggs in clutches of 2-year-old laboratory females ranged from 31 to 6420 eggs (n = 28) and 3-year-old females from 19 to 6859 eggs (n = 21). Clutches were single- or double-row strings. The average thickness of egg strings was 3.2 – 5.9 mm. The diameter of eggs was 0.8 – 1.9 mm. The duration of embryonic development (until separation of pre-larvae from egg strings) was 2 – 5 days. The total body length of pre-larvae was 2.0 – 4.3 mm. The first larvae that started swimming and feeding were observed within 2 – 3 days after separation of pre-larvae from egg strings. The body length of larvae at the time of start of exogenous feeding was 2.9 – 4.3 mm and the length of tail was 1.6 – 6.3 mm. The total duration of embryogenesis was 4 – 8 days, larval development was 86 – 125 days, and overall development was 90 – 127 days.
Novel Records of Hemidactylus turcicus (L., 1758) (Squamata: Gekkonidae) at the Turkish Black Sea Coast, with Notes on Its Morphology
Authors: Bülbül Ufuk , Koç Halime , Zaman Engin
Published: September 2020

The locality records of the Turkish gecko (Hemidactylus turcicus) whose inhabited locations from Black Sea coast of Turkey was not clearly specified in the literature were provided in the present study. The lizards were caught from three provinces (Zonguldak, Sinop, and Trabzon). The pholidolial and morphometric characters and color-pattern features of the specimens were found similar to the specimens of H. turcicus reported in the literature.
First Record of Stellagama stellio (Squamata: Agamidae) from Karpathos Island, Greece
Authors: Kapsalas Grigoris , Probonas Nikos , Dimalexis Anastassios , Pafilis Panayiotis
Published: September 2020

In this note we report for the first time the occurrence of the Roughtail Rock Agama (Stellagama stellio) from Kaprathos Island, Greece. Greece represents the westernmost range limit of the animal and hosts its only European populations. Although Karpathos is a relatively well-studied island in terms of its herpetofauna, this is the second remarkable herpetological finding within the past year, following the rediscovery of the Grass Snake more than 50 years after it was first described from the island. This report for S. stellio expands the range of the species and it is added to a long series of new records in the Greek herpetofauna that occurred during the last few years.
Food Composition of the Far Eastern Skinks (Plestiodon finitimus) on the Kunashir Island (Kuril Islands, Russian Far East)
Authors: Sundukov Yuri N. , Sundukova Larissa A. , Orlov Nikolai L.
Published: September 2020

The study of 23 excrements of Far Eastern skinks collected on the Kunashir Island revealed 75 species of invertebrates that served for the skinks as a food source. Coleopteran (41 taxa from 14 families) were most diverse, which is explained by the good preservation of chitin of beetles during passage through the digestive tract of lizards. The crickets Dianemobius fascipes nigrofasciatus (Matsumura, 1904) (96 specimens), caddisflies (Trichoptera indet. 2, 36 specimens), and barkflies (Psocoptera indet., 19 specimens) prevailed in number of identified specimens in the samples.
PENGARUH BUDAYA KAIZEN DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT SURYA TOTO INDONESIA
Authors: Nilawati Sri
Published: September 2020

Persaingan yang ketat merupkan salah satu tantangan yang harus dihadapi suatu perusahaan. Banyaknya kompetitor-kompetitor baru yang bermunculan menuntut perusahaan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan sumber daya manusia yang ada di dalamnya meningkatkan pertumbuhan bisnis perusahaan. PT. Toto Indonesia melakukan peningkatan kualitas kerjanya untuk dapat bersaing dengan kompotitor-kompotitor baru, agar dapat melakukan hal tersebut maka kinerja karyawan perlu ditingkatkan dengan memperhatikan budaya kaizen dan disiplin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh budaya kaizen dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan.            Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskritif kuantitatif, yaitu menjelaskan hubungan antara variable dengan menganalisis data numerik (angka) menggunakan metode statistic melalui pengujian hipotesa. Variable yang diteliti adalah pengaruh budaya kaizen (X1) dan disiplin kerja (X2) sebagai variable bebas, sedangkan variable terikat adalah produktivitas kinerja (Y). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier, uji t (t-test) untuk uji secara parsial dan uji F (F-test) untuk analisis secara simultan.            Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh persamaan regresi Y = 21,260 + 0,200X1 + 0,269X2 artinya ada pengaruh yang positif dan searah antara X1 dan X2 terhadap Y. Pengujian t-test dari hasil regresi di peroleh besarnya thitung X1 sebesar 2,083 dan X2 sebesar 3,166 yang lebih besar dari ttabel 1,664. dengan nilai siginifikan 0,000 untuk variable X1 dan X2, yang berarti variable X1 DAN X2 berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap variable terikat Y secara partial. Pengujian F-test untuk regresi linier berganda diperoleh Fhitung  8,583 yang lebih bsar dari Ftabel 3,12 dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 yang berarti adanya pengaruh nyata (signifikan) antara variable bebas X1 dan X2 dengan variable terikat Y secara simulant.Kata kunci : Pengaruh Budaya Kaizen dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT Surya Toto Indonesia
Evaluating the effects of integrated nutrient management and insitu rainwater harvesting on maize production in dry regions of Zimbabwe
Authors: KUGEDERA Andrew Tapiwa , MANGO Lawrence , KOKERAİ Letticia
Published: September 2020

Moisture stress and inherent soil fertility caused huge loss in crop production. The use of insitu rainwater harvesting and integrated nutrient management can improve soil health and crop production. The Objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of integrated nutrient management and insitu rainwater harvesting on maize productivity in dry regions of Zimbabwe. Experiment was laid out as a factorial with three main factors which include cattle manure, insitu rainwater harvesting and inorganic manure. Data was collected from harvested net plot to obtain maize grain and stover yields for two growing years. Data was analysed based on analysis of variance using IBM SPSS version 25 and means which were significant different were separated using least significant different. The results show that there was significant different (p<0.001) between all treatments combinations. Results recorded higher maize grain yields from100 kg N/ha + 5 t/ha cattle manure treatments for both seasons. High grain yield of 3.41± 0.042 t/ha was recorded from ZN100C5 treatments during the second year and highest maize grain yield of 3.11 t/ha was recorded in first year. There was significant different (p<0.001) on the effects of combination of cattle manure and inorganic fertiliser alone on maize grain yields. Control treatments recorded lowest maize (1.17 ± 0.031 t/ha) and stover yields of 4.36 ± 0.046 t/ha. Results indicated significant different (p<0.001) on the effects of insitu rainwater harvesting, cattle manure and inorganic manure on maize stover yields. The use of integrated nutrient management and insitu rainwater harvesting has the capacity to increase maize yields and reduce food insecurity in dry regions of most sub-Saharan African countries.
Coordinating Coronavirus Research: The COVID-19 Infectious Disease Ontology
Authors: Beverley John , Smith Barry , Babcock Shane , Cowell Lindsay G.
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted immense investigation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Rapidly, accurately, and easily interpreting generated data is of fundamental concern. Ontologies – structured, controlled, vocabularies – support interoperability, and prevent the development of data silos which undermine interoperability. The Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology Foundry serves to ensure ontologies remain interoperable through adherence by its members to core ontology design principles. For example, the Infectious Disease Ontology (IDO) Core includes terminological content common to investigations of all infectious diseases. Ontologies covering more specific infectious diseases, in turn, extend from IDO Core, such as the Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology (CIDO). The growing list of virus specific IDO extensions has motivated construction of a reference ontology covering content common to viral infectious disease investigations: the Virus Infectious Disease Ontology (VIDO). Additionally, the present pandemic has motivated construction of a more specific extension of CIDO, covering terminological content specific to the pandemic: the COVID-19 Infectious Disease Ontology (IDO-COVID-19). We report here the development of VIDO and IDO-COVID-19. More specifically, we examine newly minted terms for each ontology, showcase reuse of terms from existing OBO ontologies, motivate choice-points for ontological decisions based on research from relevant life sciences, apply ontology terms to explicate viral pathogenesis, and discuss the annotating power of virus ontologies for use in machine learning projects.
INOVASI METODE PEMBELAJARAN “PRODRY”
Authors: Kamaruddin Mudyawati
Published: September 2020

Metode pembelajaran PRODRY diperkenalkan ke Mahasiswa dengan tujuan mengasah kreatifitas yang berinovasi dengan analitis-kritis. Project method yang diartikan sebagai metode perancangan, mahasiswa dirangsang untuk mampu membuat proyek, sehingga mendorong mahasiswa untuk berfikir kritis dan mampu memecahkan masalah. Secara otomatis, mahasiswa dituntut mengintegrasikan pengetahuan, kompetensi, sikap dan keterampilan secara terpadu. Walau dibutuhkan tenaga dan pikiran khusus dari dosen untuk merencanakan dan melaksanakan proses pembelajaran ini.
Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System and a Multilayer Perceptron Model Trained with Grey Wolf Optimizer for Predicting Solar Diffuse Fraction
Authors: Claywell Randall , Nadai Laszlo , Imre Felde , Mosavi Amir
Published: September 2020

The accurate prediction of the solar Diffuse Fraction (DF), sometimes called the Diffuse Ratio, is an important topic for solar energy research. In the present study, the current state of Diffuse Irradiance research is discussed and then three robust, Machine Learning (ML) models, are examined using a large dataset (almost 8 years) of hourly readings from Almeria, Spain. The ML models used herein, are a hybrid Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), a single Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and a hybrid Multi-Layer Perceptron-Grey Wolf Optimizer (MLP-GWO). These models were evaluated for their predictive precision, using various Solar and Diffuse Fraction (DF) irradiance data, from Spain. The results were then evaluated using two frequently used evaluation criteria, the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The results showed that the MLP-GWO model, followed by the ANFIS model, provided a higher performance, in both the training and the testing procedures.
Advanced Integrated Photonic Filters in Silicon Nanowires Designed with Coupled Sagnac Loop Reflectors
Authors: Moss David
Published: September 2020

We theoretically investigate integrated photonic resonators formed by two mutually coupled Sagnac loop reflectors (MC-SLRs). Mode interference in the MC-SLR resonators is tailored to achieve versatile filter shapes with high performance, which enable flexible spectral engineering for diverse applications. By adjusting the reflectivity of the Sagnac loop reflectors (SLRs) as well as the coupling strength between different SLRs, we achieve optical analogues of Fano resonance with ultrahigh spectral slope rates, wavelength interleaving / non-blocking switching functions with significantly enhanced filtering flatness, and compact bandpass filters with improved roll-off. In our designs the requirements for practical applications are considered, together with detailed analyses of the impact of structural parameters and fabrication tolerances. These results highlight the strong potential of MC-SLR resonators as advanced multi-functional integrated photonic filters for flexible spectral engineering in optical communications systems.
Uang Kuliah di Masa Pandemi: Mendaras SK Rektor UIN AM tentang Keringanan UKT Mahasiswa
Authors: Nur Askar
Published: September 2020

Artikel ini menganalisis Surat Keputusan Rektor UIN Alauddin Makassar tentang keringanan UKT mahasiswa di masa pandemi. Penulis menemukan bahwa keringanan UKT 10% selama pandemi sangatlah kurang berdasarkan pertimbangan situasi dan kondisi di masa pandemi yang hampir setiap sektor berada pada titik krisis. Pandemi Covid-19 merupakan sebuah kondisi di mana kerugian tidak dapat dihindari dan di luar batas kemampuan manusia (force majeure).
DESKRIPSI PENGETAHUAN DAN PEMAHAMAN MAHASISWA AKADEMI KEBIDANAN TAHIRAH AL BAETI TENTANG ANEMIA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Kamaruddin Mudyawati , Nurhayani  , Karlina Idar
Published: September 2020

Anemia is a condition in which the body has a small number of red blood cells, which are determined by hemoglobin levels. Anemia in pregnancy is a state of reduced red blood cells in the blood circulation or hemoglobin mass, where Hb levels below 11 gr% in trimesters I and II or Hb levels less than 10.5 gr% in trimester III. important for Midwifery Academy Students, in particular, to have adequate knowledge and understanding of anemia in pregnant women as their provision to interact with the community and meet clients. This study aims to describe the knowledge and understanding of Tahira Al Baeti Midwifery Academy students about anemia in pregnant women. This research uses descriptive research by participating in the Tahira Al Baeti midwifery Academy students level I and II, amounting to 42 students. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. Based on the questionnaire data it was found that the knowledge of the Tahirah al Baeti Midwifery Academy students about anemia in pregnant women was at a good level of knowledge for the second-level students (100%) compared to the first-level (50%). While the level of understanding of Tahirah Al Baeti Midwifery Academy students about anemia in pregnant women was 95.5% for second-level students and 50% for first-degree students. This is due to the level and length of the teaching and learning process supporting the level of knowledge and understanding. Knowledge and understanding possessed by Tahirah Al Baeti Midwifery Academy students about anemia in pregnant women is a pretty good category.
Ideological Asymmetries in Motivated Reasoning and the Mechanisms of Attitude Polarization: A Two-Wave Survey Experiment
Authors: Morisi Davide , Goldberg Matthew H. , Jost John
Published: September 2020

Are there specific motives that lead individuals to become extreme in their political attitudes after exposure to information? Can these motives explain recent evidence that attitude polariza-tion occurs more on the conservative than the liberal side? We propose that two mechanisms, related to relational motives to engage in social conformity and epistemic motives to reduce uncertainty, might contribute to answering these questions. We used experimental manipula-tions to induce relational and epistemic motives in a two-wave survey experiment, in which we exposed participants to balanced information pertaining highly salient political issues in the U.S. Our results suggest that relational motives to maintain homogenous social networks are highly pertinent to how people, especially political conservatives, process information and make up their minds about important social and political issues. When exposed to social cues indicating where liberals and conservatives stand on specific issues, the two groups became fur-ther apart in their attitudes. Furthermore, we observed that, in the presence of social cues, con-servatives were more likely to develop extreme attitudes than liberals, triggering asymmetric polarization. Contrary to our predictions, however, we did not obtain consistent evidence of in-creased ideological polarization when epistemic motives to reduce uncertainty were present, although we found that conservatives (and not liberals) displayed a stronger confirmation bias in the evaluation of political arguments when uncertainty was high (compared to low).
Cardinais e Ordinais Transfinitos
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira
Published: September 2020

Apresentamos a relação entre os números cardinais e os ordinais transfinitos.
New ideas and research directions for multi-level and multi-dimensional dynamic systems
Authors: Yang Guoxin , Yang Carl
Published: September 2020

Energieelement is the most microscopic unit of human understanding of the universe. It consists of energieelement quantum vortex motion to form the dynamic system of different levels and forms, and then forms the universe in various shapes and forms. The multi-level and multi-dimensional dynamic system is the basic motion law of everything in the universe from macro to micro. Throught the operation of a solid model, mathematical description and computer simulation of multi-level and multi-dimensional dynamic systems, the operation law of everything in the universe from macro to micro is revealed, and various natural phenomena and scientific observations are explained. At the same time, effective approaches and methods are provided for the exploration and understanding of unsolved physical phenomena or problems.
Limite de 1 sobre x tendendo a zero nos ordinais
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira
Published: September 2020

Analisamos o limite de 1/x quando x tende a zero e sugerimos que ele seja igual ao menor ordinal transfinito.
Screening Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors from Marine-Derived Actinomycetes by Simple Chromatography
Authors: Kamaruddin Mudyawati , Marzuki Ismail , Ahmad Rasheed , Burhan Asril
Published: September 2020

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an enzyme involved in the metabolic hydrolysis of Acetylcholine (Ach) cholinergic synapses in the central and peripheral nervous systems. As a consequence, AChE inhibitors facilitate an increase in the concentration and duration of Ach synaptic activity. Actually, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are also the best therapeutic agents effective for Alzheimer‘s patients. The potential sources of the current AChE inhibitors are mainly plants. However, some of these medications are considered to have limitations such as a short half-life or side-effects such as hepatotoxicity. Marine microorganisms are a possible new source of the enzymeinhibitors. Since their rich and diverse metabolites have a broad range of biological activities, one of them is actinomycetes of special interest in antibiotics. The aim of this study was to screen for AChE inhibitors from marine-derived actinomycetes by a simple method, thin layer chromatography (TLC). Furthermore, the TLC used to determination of solvents for adsorption of AchE inhibitors from actinomycetes. The results showed that the combination of chloroform/methanol = 80/20 gave the bestAchE inhibitors separation results, while the combination of DCM/methanol = 90/10 should be considered if gradient elution was selected in the separation process.
Paradigma Masyarakat dan Keredupan Masa Depan Pendidikan di Desa (Potret Pendidikan Masyarakat Desa Allamungeng Patue, Kabupaten Bone, Sulawesi Selatan)
Authors: Nur Askar
Published: September 2020

Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang kehidupan masyarakat desa Allamungeng Patue, Kabupaten Bone, Sulawesi Selatan dan pandangan mereka terhadap konstruksi pendidikan yang terbangun di desa serta beberapa polemik lainnya khususnya yang mempengaruhi pandangan mayoritas generasi muda di desa tersebut kurang memiliki niat dan minat untuk melanjutkan jenjang pendidikan selanjutnya. Konstruksi paradigma masyarakat desa tentang pendidikan dan hakikat atau masa depan pendidikan yang termaktub dalam konstitusi menghadirkan sebuah hipotesis bahwa lakon pendidikan di mata masyarakat desa dinilai sebagai produk konstitusi yang tidak membebaskan dan lebih memprioritaskan masyarakat urban. Dalam proses pembuktiannya, artikel ini dikemas dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan menggunakan instrumen observasi dan wawancara dengan beberapa penduduk desa sebagai informan serta sumber data yang terdiri atas data primer dan sekunder. Artikel ini lebih menitikberatkan pada pendekatan sosiologi pendidikan. Hasil penelusuran menunjukkan bahwa paradigma masyarakat desa Allamungeng Patue terhadap pendidikan terbangun melalui stigma pendidikan di masa modern yang nampak lebih mengedepankan perkara pembiayaan ketimbang capaian pendidikan yang sebenarnya sebagai wadah untuk mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Alhasil, masyarakat desa kebanyakan lebih mendukung anak-anak mereka untuk mencari pekerjaan dengan cara merantau ke negeri tetangga seperti Malaysia menjadi tenaga kerja pasca menyelesaikan sekolah dasar, menengah pertama dan menengah atas daripada harus melanjutkan sekolah ke jenjang pandidikan tinggi yang membutuhkan biaya yang tinggi pula.
Sputum microbiota in normal human, new TB patients, and recurrent tuberculosis patients as identified by 16SrRNA sequencing
Authors: Kamaruddin Mudyawati , Massi Muhammad Nasrum
Published: September 2020

Background: Recent developments lead to a new understanding that diseases are interconnected with each other and may be affected by microbiome community imbalance, known as dysbiosis. Our research is aimed to examine lung microbiome in recurrent and new TB patients compared to healthy individuals.Methods: Our research uses the cross-sectional method with a metagenomic approach for genomic analysis by directly isolating genome DNA from sputum of new TB, recurrent TB patients and healthy individuals. DNA sequencing results were analysed with the MEGA 7.026 software with the BLASTn algorithm in NCBI.Results: 16 sputum samples have been successfully sequenced. We found Haemophilus in the sputum of new and recurrent TB patients (50% and 22.2% respectively), which absent in the sputum of healthy controls. Specifically, we identified only Haemophilus influenza and Neisseria flavescens in new TB patients but we found Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumonia in the sputum of recurrent TB patients.Conclusion: Haemophilus was found in new and recurrent TB patients. Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumonia may contributed in TB recurrence.
Ultrahigh bandwidth data transmission at 44Tb/s over single fibre with a soliton crystal microcomb
Authors: Moss David
Published: September 2020

Micro-combs [1-4] - optical frequency combs generated by integrated micro-cavity resonators – offer the full potential of their bulk counterparts [5,6], but in an integrated footprint. The discovery of temporal soliton states (DKS – dissipative Kerr solitons) [4,7-11] as a means of mode-locking micro-combs has enabled breakthroughs in many fields including spectroscopy [12,13], microwave photonics [14], frequency synthesis [15], optical ranging [16,17], quantum sources [18,19], metrology [20,21] and more. One of their most promising applications has been optical fibre communications where they have enabled massively parallel ultrahigh capacity multiplexed data transmission [22,23]. Here, by using a new and powerful class of micro-comb called “soliton crystals” [11], we achieve unprecedented data transmission over standard optical fibre using a single integrated chip source. We demonstrate a line rate of 44.2 Terabits per second (Tb/s) using the telecommunications C-band at 1550nm with a spectral efficiency – a critically important performance metric - of 10.4 bits/s/Hz. Soliton crystals exhibit robust and stable generation and operation as well as a high intrinsic efficiency that, together with a low soliton micro-comb spacing of 48.9 GHz enable the use of a very high coherent data modulation format of 64 QAM (quadrature amplitude modulated). We demonstrate error free transmission over 75 km of standard optical fibre in the laboratory as well as in a field trial over an installed metropolitan optical fibre network. These experiments were greatly aided by the ability of the soliton crystals to operate without stabilization or feedback control. This work demonstrates the capability of optical soliton crystal micro-combs to perform in demanding and practical optical communications networks.
DESKRIPSI PENGETAHUAN REMAJA PUTRI TENTANG DISMENORE DI KELURAHAN BENJALA KECAMATAN BONTOBAHARI KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Kamaruddin Mudyawati , Haerani  , Ningsih Sri , Anjeli A. Maya Rupa
Published: September 2020

Dysmenorrhea is defined as a painful period or menstrual cramps. The term of dysmenorrhea derived from the Greek words, “dys” means difficult, painful, abnormal, while “meno” means month, and “rrhea” means flow. This dysmenorrhea can be defined as a painful menstrual. This research was conducted in order to figure out the knowledge of teenagers due to dysmenorrhea at Benjala Urban Village the Bontobahari Sub-district of Bulukumba Regency. This research used a descriptive quantitative design with a total of 125 teenagers aged 15 until 19 years old who live in Benjala Urban Village the Bontobahari Sub-district of Bulukumba Regency. This research used 38 samples by purposive sampling, and the instrument was collected by questionnaire. The result of this research showed that among 38 respondents, there were 8 respondents (21.1%) categorized have fair knowledge, 30 respondents (78.9%) in having poor knowledge, and none of the respondents have good knowledge. Conclusion of this research that the knowledge of teenagers about dysmenorrhea mostly in the fair category.
EFEKTIVITAS SENAM HAMIL TERHADAP KELANCARAN PERSALINAN KALA II PADA IBU INPARTU DI PUSKESMAS BULUPODDO KABUPATEN SINJAI
Authors: Kamaruddin Mudyawati , Triananinsi Nurhidayat
Published: September 2020

Pregnant exercise done regularly during the last three months (the third trimester) can reduce the risk of prolonged labor. This occurs because of increased levels of the endorphin hormone in the body during gymnastics, which naturally functions as a painkiller. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of pregnancy exercises for the smooth delivery of the second stage of maternity in the Bulupoddo Health Center, Kab. Sinjai. In this study using analytic studies with a cross-sectional approach, and purposive sampling as the sampling technique. Respondents in this study were women who fulfilled the requirements with a total of 35 people. The results obtained are there are 32 people approximately 91.4% who did pregnancy exercises with 85.7% experiencing normally childbirth. The remaining 5.7% experienced an abnormal delivery. Meanwhile, 3 people (8.6%) who did not do pregnancy exercises, experienced an abnormal delivery. Based on the results obtained shows the value of ρ <α means 0.005 is smaller than 0.05 in this case there is a significant relationship between pregnancy exercise activities with the smoothness of the second stage of labor in maternity at the Bulupoddo Health Center in Sinjai Regency. We recommend that pregnant women routinely do pregnancy exercises to maintain fitness and facilitate the delivery process for the health of the mother and fetus.
The interferon regulatory factor IRF5 is differentially expressed in the blood of patients with viral co-infections.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2020

Co-infection is a process by which the same host can be infected with two pathogens. By mining published microarray data (1), we found that the gene encoding the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) was among the genes most differentially expressed in the blood of seven patients with viral co-infections: in one patient with human coronavirus OC43 and Influenza A co-infection, in one patient with human coronavirus NL63 and Human Rhinovirus co-infection, and in five patients with Influenza B and Human Rhinovirus co-infection. IRF5 has described functions in macrophage polarization, T-cell lineage specification (2), B-cell development (3), innate immune signal transduction (4) and in transcriptional responses to viral infection (5), and could potentially be relevant to processes underlying viral co-infection.
DESKRIPSI PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG KB SUNTIK 3 BULAN (DEPO PROGESTIN) DI PUSKESMAS BONTOBAHARI BULUKUMBA
Authors: Kamaruddin Mudyawati , Usmia Sitti , Haerani  , Misriyani
Published: September 2020

Progestin injection contraception is a type of contraception that prevents pregnancy contains progesterone hormone which is working for 3 months by intramuscular injection. The advantage of contraception is that it does not require daily use and does not interfere with the production process of breast milk. This study was to determine the description of maternal knowledge about 3-month injection contraception (depo progestin) which includes understanding, time of use, side effects, advantages, and disadvantages. This type of research was descriptive, the study location was in Bontobahari Community Health Center, Bulukumba Regency. Sampling used the total sampling technique with 38 respondents, with instrument research by a questionnaire. The results showed that there were 39.48% (15 respondents) who have a good knowledge of depo progestin, 34.21% (13 people) were enough knowledge level, and only 26,31% (10 people) who have less knowledge of depo progestin. Then, the knowledge level of respondents was divided into the knowledge of understanding that was 81.58%, the time of using depo progestin was 76.31%, side effects of depo progestin was 76.31%, the advantages and disadvantages of depo progestin were 78.94% and 78.94% respectively. All of which are in the good category. Knowledge level of respondents about 3-month injection contraception (depo progestin) in Bontobahari health center Bulukumba district generally has a good category. It might be influenced by several main factors such as age, education and employment.
NQO2 is differentially expressed in the blood of patients with coronavirus co-infections.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2020

The human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (1) has resulted in the death of over 180,000 Americans in less than one year (2). Infection of a person already suffering from a viral infection, a phenomena known as co-infection can potentially pose a problem during the upcoming influenza seasons. We mined published microarray data (3) to identify genes most differentially expressed in the whole blood of patients suffering from human coronavirus co-infections. We found that the gene encoding NQO2 (4) was among those whose expression changed most significantly transcriptome-wide when comparing the blood of patients suffering from three different types of co-infections: human coronavirus NL63 and rhinovirus, human coronavirus HKU1 and rhinovirus, as well as in human coronavirus 229E and influenza A co-infection. NQO2 is reported to have functions in the B-lymphocyte response (5) and could be relevant to the process of viral co-infection involving the human coronavirus family.
INFECTION FATALITY RATE OF COVID19 – A LOGISTIC MODEL
Authors: DATTA JAYDIP
Published: September 2020

In this review one of the most important epidemiological parameter ie Infection fatality ratio ( 1 ) is correlated with age of the population through a sigmoid statistics of Logistic odel. The IFR is a special case of case fatality ratio ( CFR ) . The CFR ( 1 ) is termed as the number of deaths due to symptomatic Covid infection within entire population per unit time . The IFR is a special case of CFR where number of deaths to be cons-idered as total number of deaths due symptomatic as well as asymptomatic infection within the same population per unit time .The data analysis of IFRvs Age of the population shows a significant correlation ( r ) of Sigmoid model ( 3-4 ) .
Comparison of the Least-Squares Regression Line and a Truncated Discrete Fourier Transform when describing Linearly Correlated data
Authors: Anto Chris
Published: September 2020

For long, the least squares regression line has been a primary tool for analyzing linear data. In this paper, the author suggests a method involving a truncated fourier transform that would achieve everything the least squares method achieves and more, including details about the magnitude of deviation.
Unifying causal model of rate-independent linear damping for effectively reducing seismic response in low-frequency structures
Authors: LUO Hao , Ikago Kohju
Published: September 2020

Rate-independent linear damping (RILD) demonstrates similar performance to that of linear viscous damping for the same loss factor when incorporated in a structure to control seismic response displacement. Nevertheless, the damping force generated by the RILD is relatively low in frequency ranges higher than the natural frequency of the primary structure. This leads to efficient displacement control with low damping force and floor response acceleration when RILD is integrated with low-frequency structures. However, the noncausality of RILD hinders its practical applications, and thus, causal models are widely studied to mimic the RILD behavior.This paper proposes a causal model of RILD using Maxwell elements whose damping force is generated according to the fractional-order derivative of displacement. The proposed model, further represented by a fractional-order damping function, is found to be a unifying model that includes existing causal RILD models from literature, thereby providing further insights to better understand the nature of RILD.Furthermore, several methods were examined to physically realize the proposed model.
Literature Review: Employee Engagement as an Effort to Improve Work Performance
Authors: Satata Dian Bagus Mitreka
Published: September 2020

Employee engagement is a physical and psychological condition related to work cognitively, emotionally, and behavior to achieve the goals of the organization. The purpose of writing this review article is to summarize and discuss employee engagement as an effort factor in improving work performance within the organization. The method used is a literature review, which is a literature review search for both international journals and national journals between 2013 – 2020 as many as 15 journal articles from the results of previous research. The results of the literature review show that employee engagement has an influence on individual work performance so that organizational goals can be achieved.
Pathways to Wellbeing are Developmentally and Culturally Specific: Adaptive Processes in the Context of COVID-19
Authors: Heshmati Saeideh , Ramdass Jeff Varun , Chipidza Wallace , Ellis Olivia , Rombaoa Jaymes Paolo , Tang Qiuhua , Heshmati Hosain , Abazari Armin
Published: September 2020

Disruptions caused by the pandemic have disproportionately impacted people in different age groups as well as people residing in different parts of the world. The present research identifies how psychological factors within various bioecological systems (i.e., self, micro, macro) makeup pathways to wellbeing across developmental and diverse cultural contexts. Through Structural Equation Modeling and Machine Learning analysis on data from 426 adults (284 young adults, 142 older adults) in the United States, we found differences in how people’s own capacities and vulnerabilities (self) and their closeness to their immediate (micro) and extended environments (macro) led to differences in state-level wellbeing and resiliency and in-turn to better overall adaptation and quality of life across young and old adults. These differences were also evident across three countries (N =158 Chinese, N = 244 Iranians, N = 426 Americans), as a function of the country’s culture, geographic location, and phase of crisis.
Seven- and eight-year-old children’s deception in the conflict situation
Authors: Watanabe Ryoichi
Published: September 2020

Six-year-olds will deceive in the individual condition, only if a competitor exists; but not in the conflict condition, when a competitor and a cooperator both exist. Seven- and eight-year-olds acquire the second-order theory of mind (ToM2) related to sophisticated deception. However, it is not known whether children and adults resort to deception in the conflict condition; and if a relationship exists between deception and ToM2. Children (N = 34, range = [6 years 7 months-8 years 5 months]) and adults (N = 38, range = [18-24]) participated in two deception tasks: for self-benefit and for the other person’s benefit. Children also participated in a ToM2 task. Although adults deceived above chance levels, children deceived only for self-benefit. Furthermore, although there was no relationship between children’s deception and ToM2; children who passed the ToM2 task tended to deceive by denying or not responding. These findings suggest that 7- and 8-year-olds can deceive for self-benefit in the conflict condition without ToM2.
Gaming the system: sub-optimal compliance with loot box probability disclosure regulations in China
Authors: Xiao Leon Y. , Henderson Laura L. , Yang Yuhan , Newall Philip Warren Stirling
Published: September 2020

Paid loot boxes provide randomised rewards in video games; their purchase is linked to disordered gambling and they are present in approximately half of UK video games. The relative novelty of loot boxes means that regulators and policymakers in various jurisdictions are still deciding how to regulate them. The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the first, and presently only, jurisdiction to legally require companies to disclose the probabilities of obtaining randomised loot box rewards—an approach that is also favoured by the industry as self-regulation. This study is the first to assess loot box prevalence in the PRC and companies’ discretionary interpretations of probability disclosure regulations. Loot boxes were found in 91 of the 100 highest-grossing PRC iPhone games. Of games deemed suitable for children aged 12+, 90.5% contained loot boxes. Probability disclosures could not be found for 4.4% of games containing loot boxes. Disclosures were implemented through various methods both in-game and on the games’ official websites; however, consistent with the concept of ‘sludge,’ only 5.5% used the most prominent format of automatically displaying the probabilities on the in-game loot box purchase page. Loot box probability disclosures should be uniform and visually prominent to best help inform consumers.
Resilience of adolescents diagnosed with anxiety and their parents in clinical sample
Authors: Törő Krisztina Dr , Takács Szabolcs , Csikos Gabor
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Anxiety disorder is the most frequent psychiatric problem among children and adolescents. Research proved that resilience can be a protective factor in coping with psychological difficulties. Our research focuses on these aspects of resilience. Aims: We aimed to investigate the resilience and anxiety level of families with adolescents who were diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Method: The clinical sample included 40 adolescents who were diagnosed with anxiety disorders and who received ambulant treatment. (18 boys and 22 girls; age: M=13.37 years, SD=1.46). Members of the control group were recruited from schools and they were normally developing adolescents without any psychiatric diagnosis. (18 boys and 19 girls, age: M=13.7 years; SD=1.56) DASS-21, Ten items Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and self-made demographic sheet were used. Results: Regarding the resilience, a Significant difference was found between the clinical and the sample group both among the mothers and their children. However, in the case of fathers, no discrepancy was found. Our results suggest that there is a significant, moderate positive relationship between the resilience of the mother and their children. Nevertheless, similar mechanisms in the fathers’ case cannot be registered. In the control group, the fathers’ perception of their child’s resilience proved to be the strongest predictive factor (beta=0,495). On the contrary in the clinical group, the maternal perception was more accurate. (beta=0,06). Conclusions: Resilience can serve as a protective factor against anxiety. Our results can be useful for practitioners and draw attention to the importance of intrafamily mechanisms in coping with anxiety and mood disorders.
Processing symbolic magnitude information conveyed by number words and by scalar adjectives
Authors: Kochari Arnold
Published: September 2020

Humans not only process and compare magnitude information such as size, duration, and number perceptually, but they also communicate about these properties using language. In this respect, a relevant class of lexical items are so-called scalar adjectives like ‘big’, ‘long’, ‘loud’, etc. which refer to magnitude information. It has been proposed that humans use an amodal and abstract representation format shared by different dimensions, called the generalized magnitude system (GMS). In this paper, we test the hypothesis that scalar adjectives are symbolic references to GMS representations, and, therefore, GMS gets involved in processing their meaning. Previously, a parallel hypothesis on the relation between number symbols and GMS representations has been tested with the size congruity paradigm. The results of these experiments showed interference between the processing of number symbols and the processing of physical (font-) size. In the first three experiments of the present study (total N=150), we used the size congruity paradigm and the same/different task to look at the potential interaction between physical size magnitude and numerical magnitude expressed by number words. In the subsequent three experiments (total N=149), we looked at a parallel potential interaction between physical size magnitude and scalar adjective meaning. In the size congruity paradigm we observed interference between the processing of the numerical value of number words and the meaning of scalar adjectives, on the one hand, and physical (font-) size, on the other hand, when participants had to judge the number words or the adjectives (while ignoring physical size). No interference was obtained for the reverse situation, i.e. when participants judged the physical font size (while ignoring numerical value or meaning). The results of the same/different task for both number words and scalar adjectives strongly suggested that the interference that was observed in the size congruity paradigm was likely due to a response conflict at the decision stage of processing rather than due to the recruitment of GMS representations. Taken together, it can be concluded that the size congruity paradigm does not provide evidence in support the hypothesis that GMS representations are used in the processing of number words or scalar adjectives. Nonetheless, the hypothesis we put forward about scalar adjectives is still is a promising potential line of research. We make a number of suggestions for how this hypothesis can be explored in future studies.
Graphical vs. Spatial Models of Distributional Semantics
Authors: Mao Shufan , Willits Jon
Published: September 2020

Semantic space models based on distributional information and semantic network (graphical) models are two of the most popular models of semantic representation. Both types of models succeed at modeling or explaining various tasks. Both types of models also have limitations. Spatial models have difficulties representing indirect semantic relations, while graphical models have lacked a theoretical account for the construction of their semantic network. In this article, we develop the Distributional Graph Model. The new model resembles semantic space models in the way that it is a representation of semantic memory obtained from statistical learning on a linguistic corpus. But like other graphical models, it is able to capture indirect semantic relatedness as well. Using an artificial language specifically designed to test different types of syntagmatic and paradigmatic relationships, we show that the Distributional Graph Model demonstrates the benefits of both graphical and spatial distributional models.