bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First report of Pyelosomum cochlearLooss 1899 (Digenea: Pronocephalidae) in a Hawksbill Turtle – Eretmochelys imbricata L. found in Brazilian Coast
Authors: Werneck M. R. , Velloso R. , Chagas P. B. Costa Das , Leandro H. Jerdy , Amorim R. Martins De
Published: November 2019

Pyelosomum cochlearLooss 1899 (Digenea: Pronocephalidae) is a parasite exclusive to sea turtles, having been described in the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) in Egypt, the USA, Panama, Costa Rica and Brazil as well as the olive ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) in Brazil. The present note describes the first occurrence of P. cochlear in a hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) found on the coast of Brazil.
Rare case of Angiostrongylus vasorum intraocular infestation in an asymptomatic dog
Authors: Hurníková Z. , Čabanová V. , Karpjak P. , Kasenčák M. , Miterpáková M.
Published: November 2019

The presented clinical observation shows an atypical case of Angiostrongylus vasorum intraocular infection in an 18-month-old male beagle from north-eastern Slovakia. The dog presented with a motile worm in the anterior chamber of the right eye. No ocular signs or symptoms of a systemic disease were observed. The faecal examination using Baermann´s technique and fl otation was negative. Diagnosis was established following surgical removal of the worm. The specimen was determined as an A. vasorum female based on morphological features and confirmed by means of PCR technique and sequencing. To the best of our knowledge, the presented manifestation is the first ocular case of angiostrongylosis with absence of typical symptoms or signs of the disease.
Cormorant pellets as a tool for the knowledge of parasite-intermediate host associations and nematode diversity in the environment
Authors: Garbin L. , Diaz J. I. , Morgenthaler A. , Millones A. , Kuba L. , Fuchs D. , Navone G.T.
Published: November 2019

Anisakids are usually acquired through the diet. Cormorant pellets are useful to detect both parasite larval stages, and prey items which could act as intermediate hosts in the environment. The current study provides information about the feeding habits of both birds and mammals, and the diversity of parasites circulating in the environment. The objective of the study was to identify Anisakidae larvae and prey items in pellets from the Imperial shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and the Red-legged cormorant P. gaimardi, suggesting possible parasite–prey associations. A total of 92 P. atriceps’ and 82 P. gaimardi’s pellets were collected from both Punta León, and Isla Elena bird colonies, respectively, during the period from 2006 to 2010. Pellets were preserved in ethanol and hard prey item remnants, and nematode larvae were studied using standard techniques. Prey item occurrence, nematode prevalence, and mean intensity were calculated. A correspondence analysis was performed to evaluate the larvae-prey association. Contracaecum spp., Pseudoterranova spp,, Anisakis spp., Terranova spp., and Hysterothylacium spp. third-stage larvae (L3) were identifi ed in pellets. Pseudoterranova spp. and Anisakis spp. L3 predominated in the environment of Punta León, whereas Contracaecum spp. and Hysterothylacium spp. L3 predominated in the Puerto Deseado area. The highest larvae-prey association was that of Contracaecum spp. L3 with Engraulis anchoita, followed by with Odontestes sp. in P. atriceps’ pellets. Contracaecum spp. L3 were significantly related to both sprats, Sprattus fueguensis and Ramnogaster arcuatta, in P. gaimardi’s pellets. It was verifi ed that E. anchovy is the main gateway of Contracaecum spp. L3 in P. atriceps. Odonthestes sp. might act as an intermediate/paratenic host of Contracaecum spp. L3 in the area. Both sprats might play a role as intermediate/paratenic hosts of C. australe, being the main gateway into P. gaimardi in the area. Thus, pellet analysis can be postulated as a good tool for indicating parasite-host associations between anisakids, and the prey items which act as intermediate hosts.
The influence of chestnut wood and flubendazole on morphology of small intestine and lymphocytes of peripheral blood, spleen and jejunum in broiler chickens
Authors: Levkut M. , Revajová V. , Levkutová M. , Selecká E. , Ševčíková Z. , Karaffová V. , Levkut M.
Published: November 2019

The study examined subpopulations of lymphocytes in peripheral blood, spleen, and jejunum including morphology of that segment in broiler chicken farm after treatment with flubendazole (Flimabend) and natural extract from chestnut wood (Farmatan). A total of 24 forty-day-old Kalimero-Super Master hybrid chickens were divided into 4 groups (n=6): the Fli group received Flimabend per os, 100 mg/g suspension in 1.43 mg of active substance/kg body weight during 7 day of experiment, Far group received Farmatan per os at 0.2 % concentration for 6 hours per day during 5 day (experimental days – from 3 to 7); the Far+Fli group received a combination of doses administered in the same way as for the first two groups; and control –C group with no active substance administration. The results demonstrated mild increase of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, leucocyte common antigen CD45, IgM+ and IgA+ cells in peripheral blood after administration of Flimabend. Similarly, subpopulations of followed lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, IgM+) were increased in the jejunum after application of that drug. On the other hand, administration of Farmatan revealed opposite effect on determined immunocompetent cells what proves anti-inflammatory effect. Morphology of villi was also negatively influenced by administration of Flimabend. Administration of Farmatan suggests also its preventive administration in chickens. This tanin-containing drug as plant natural product may be used due to its antibacterial activity and as promising alternative to conventional drug with possible antihelminthic effect.
Stray dogs of Sofia (Bulgaria) could be an important reservoir of heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis)
Authors: Stoyanova H. , Carretón E. , Montoya-Alonso J. A.
Published: November 2019

Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm) is a zoonotic and an emerging disease, expanding in Europe. In Bulgaria, the presence of the parasite has been described in many regions. However, canine heartworm has hardly been evaluated in the capital of the country and, therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of canine heartworm in Sofia. Eighty stray dogs from the city of Sofia and the metropolitan area were analysed for circulating D. immitis antigens. The prevalence was 31.25 %, being 34.7 % in the metropolitan area and 25.8 % in the city of Sofia. The current results are among the highest reported in the country. This could be due to the lack of prophylactic measures against infection in these dogs, but also to the spread of D. immitis into non-endemic countries. Stray dogs may act as an important reservoir of heartworm being a risk for client-owned animals and for the development of pulmonary dirofilariosis in inhabitants. The results show the need to establish further epidemiological studies and prophylactic campaigns for stray and client-owned animals, as well as to create awareness campaigns about the severity and importance of this disease for both animals and humans.
Influence of Paclobutrazol on the Growth and Photosynthesis of Sequoia sempervirens Seedlings
Authors: Ju Shuming , Xu Delan , Zhan Cuiying , Ji Lingzhen , Yin Tingchao , Li Zhenglei , Lu Zhongqin
Published: November 2019

Paclobutrazol (PAC), as a commonly used plant regulator, has the important function of improving the plant’s stress resistance. Sequoia sempervirens Endl. is a large caliber, fast-growing timber species and one of the world’s five major landscaping tree species. This study researched the effects of spraying PAC on the growth and photosynthetic activity of S. sempervirens seedlings. The results showed the plant height and the plant crown diameter were decreased significantly with the increase in PAC concentration (500 – 3,000 mg·dm−3). However, the ground shoot diameter, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, inter-cellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, actual photochemical quantum yield, and photosynthetic electron transport rate all showed the trend of increasing first reaching the maximum at 2,000 mg·dm−3 and then decreased. Water use efficiency showed the opposite trend. Spraying 2 times was better than once. The conclusion suggests that PAC can protect the photosynthetic activity and improve the resistance of S. sempervirens seedlings under natural cooling and draught in autumn and winter.
Visualising Old Age
Authors: Christensen Christa Lykke
Published: November 2019

This article studies how the Danish advocacy group for older people, Ældre Sagen (the DaneAge Association, or DAA), of which around 46 per cent of all Danes over the age of 65 are members, visually represents older people. The study gains theoretical inspiration from media and cultural-gerontological theories concerning the cultural influence of media representations of older people, and the connected perceptions of what it means to be and to grow old. The study is based on an analysis of a sample of 59 photographs that appeared on DAA’s website in the period 2016−2018. The results indicate a dominant visual representation of older people as happy, socially involved and extroverted, while representations of older people as weak, introverted and alone constitute a minority. In conclusion, the organisation visually promote a positive image of older people, at the same time as they represent them as excluded from other age groups and from culture and society in general.
Exploring Journalism and Computer Science Student Collaboration
Authors: Frey Elsebeth , Olsen Ragnhild K. , Giannoumis G. Anthony
Published: November 2019

The digitalization of journalism has resulted in an increased overlap between technology and journalism in the newsroom. This development has profound implications for journalism education. The present study investigates a team-based experiential learning project between journalism and computer science students in a digital feature journalism course. Using the concept of trading zones as our analytical lens, we explore the students’ thoughts and opinions regarding professional roles and boundaries as well as areas of tension and spaces of mutual understanding in the collaborative context. Using mixed methods and data from questionnaires, observations and semi-structured interviews, the study demonstrates how trading zones between journalism and computer science students varied from homogenous collaboration to heterogeneous coercion, with diverse experiences of collaboration, coordination and collapse.
Towards Normality: Planning-related Protests and Reactions by Planning
Authors: Bertram Grischa Frederik , Altrock Uwe
Published: November 2019

The paper argues for a stronger distinction within planning protests, which is today an everyday part of planning practice. Furthermore, it is argued that the diversity of planning protest can also be used for differentiated reactions of planning practitioners. It is possible and sensible to adopt theories from protest and social movements research to better understand protest in planning, yet specifications for planning-related protest are needed. Planning protests are understood as collective action and form of local political participation, which takes place independently participation offers and has a relation to local spatial planning. Based on an empirical survey and statistical analysis of more than four hundred planning-related citizen protests in Berlin between 2005 and 2015, supported by two qualitative case studies, a typology of nine protest types will be developed, that is specific in time and place. The causes and claims articulated in the framing of protesters are understood as alternative approaches to solving planning problems. In particular, a distinction is made between situational and planning-dependent as well as initiative and reactive types of protest. Differences in content appear to be of special importance for the current protests, but also underline its political character. Yet, they are only part of the phenomenological diversity of planning protest and reactions therefore are to be differentiated for every individual case. This will be highlighted with regard to protests that are organised either by affected or unaffected citizens.
The influence of hemodialysis on FibroTest parameters
Authors: Orasan Olga Hilda , Breaban Iulia , Stefan Andreea Maria , Sitar-Taut Adela , Coste Sorina Cezara , Minciuna Ioan Alexandru , Alexescu Teodora , Cozma Angela , Urian Laura , Orasan Remus Aurel
Published: November 2019

Chronic hepatitis C viral infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease treated with hemodialysis. Liver fibrosis represents a main determinant of liver disease prognosis and clinical management, and its assessment by liver biopsy can decide treatment allocation. Although liver biopsy is the gold standard for staging liver fibrosis, it is an invasive procedure associated with complications that are more prevalent in patients with end-stage renal disease. FibroTest represents a surrogate marker of fibrosis which evaluates the levels of apolipoprotein A1, total bilirubin, haptoglobin, gamma-glutamyltransferase and α2-macroglobulin, generating a score that indicates the level of fibrosis. Discrepancies were observed in clinical practice between FibroTest score and histopathological findings. The aim of this study was to evaluate how hemodialysis influences the level of each FibroTest parameter and the final score. The systematic literature review conducted by us suggests that hemodialysis induces a reduction in apolipoprotein A1, haptoglobin and bilirubin levels, with an increase in gamma-glutamyltransferase and alpha-2-macroglobulin levels. In conclusion, hemodialysis modifies the levels of FibroTest parameters, suggesting that it may also have an impact on the accuracy of liver fibrosis assessment in hemodialysis patients.
Hydraulic Characterization of a Self-Weight Compacted Coal
Authors: Federico Antonio Mario , Bottiglieri Osvaldo , Cafaro Francesco , Elia Gaetano
Published: November 2019

Water infiltration through coal stocks exposed to weather elements represents a key issue for many old mining sites and coal-fired power plants from the environmental point of view, considering the negative impact on human health of the deriving groundwater, soil and air pollution. Within this context, the paper investigates the hydraulic behaviour of a self-weight compacted unsaturated coal mass and its impact on the numerical prediction of infiltration induced by rainfall events. In particular, the work focuses on the experimental investigation carried out at different representative scales, from the grain scale to physical modelling. The material, when starting from uncompacted conditions, seems to be characterized by metastable structure, which tends to collapse under imbibition. In addition, direct numerical predictions of the seepage regime through a partially saturated coal mass have been performed. As the compaction of the coal stock induced by dozers has not been taken into account, the numerical simulations represent a conservative approach for the assessment of chemical pollution hazard associated to water infiltration into a real stockpile under operational conditions.
UJI KESUKAAN DAN KELAYAKAN USAHA PRODUK NUGGET IKAN LELE
Authors: Ismawati Ismawati , Putri Rika Diananing
Published: November 2019

Ikan lele merupakan salah satu sumber protein yang relatif lebih murah dibandingkan daging. Produksi ikan lele mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Untuk mengimbangi jumlah produksi yang meningkat maka perlu dilakukan upaya diversifikasi produk olahan ikan lele salah satunya adalah nugget. Nugget termasuk makanan siap saji yang dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat tingkat menengah. Dalam usaha produk pangan salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan adalah mutu organoleptik yang dapat diukur melalui  Uji kesukaan terhadap parameter organoleptik. Parameter organolepti yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah tekstur, aroma, rasa, kenampakan dan warna. Untuk mengetahui layak tidaknya usaha produksi nugget ikan lele maka perlu dilakukan analisis kelayakan dalam hal ini dilakukan analisis BEP dan RCR.  merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengetahui mutu suatu produk berdasarkan oganoleptik (pancaindra). hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panelis menyukai rasa, aroma, kenampakan dan warna sedangkan pada parameter tekstur panelis menyatakan sangat suka. BEP unit produk akan tercapai jika telah memproduksi 2366 unit produk atau nilai penjualan sebesar Rp 22380000. Nilai pada usaha nugget ikan lele yaitu yaitu 1,2sehingga dinyatakan layak.
MIKROORGANISME DALAM PANGAN
Authors: Yuniastri Ratih , Ismawati Ismawati , Putri Rika Diananing
Published: November 2019

Pengolahan bahan mentah menjadi bahan setengah jadi maupun bahan jadi bertujuan selain untuk memperpanjang umur simpan juga menambah nilai ekonomis bahan serta menjaga kandungan nutrisi yang terkandung didalamnya. Terdapat banyak jenis teknik pengolahan pangan yang dapat diterapkan, misalnya pengolahan pada suhu lingkungan, pengolahan dengan menggunakan panas dan pengolahan dengan penghilangan panas. Mikroorganisme memiliki peran penting dalam prosesnya, baik yang sifatnya dapat menambah mutu produk pangan hingga yang bersifat patogen. Terdapat beberapa jenis mikroorganisme khususnya dalam produk olahan suhu tinggi, olahan suhu rendah dan olahan fermentasi. Secara garis besar, mikroorganisme ini dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu bakteri dan spora. Spora memiliki ketahanan yang lebih besar daripada bakteri. Clostridium botulinum dan Bacillus cereus merupakan mikroorganisme yang dijumpai pada ketiga jenis pengolahan yang dipilih. Melalui prosedur cara pengolahan yang baik sesuai standar HACCP akan dapat mengurangi terjadinya cemaran mikroorganisme patogen dan tercapainya keamanan pangan.
PENGARUH SUHU DAN WAKTU PENGEPRESAN TERHADAP MUTU ORGANOLEPTIK BUBUK KAKAO SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU MINUMAN COKLAT
Authors: Anoraga Satria Bhirawa , Wijanarti Sri , Sabarisman Iman
Published: November 2019

Minuman coklat merupakan produk yang disukai banyak orang dan memiliki dampak positif  bagi kesehatan. Bahan baku minuman coklat yang paling dominan adalah bubuk kakao. Salah satu proses penting untuk menghasilkan bubuk kakao adalah pengepresan.  Pengepresan merupakan proses memisahkan lemak dari nib kakao yang telah dipasta. Produk hasil pengepresan berupa bungkil kakao yang kemudian dihaluskan untuk menjadi bubuk kakao. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan waktu pengepresan terhadap mutu organoleptik bubuk kakao. Pengamatan dilakukan selama bulan Juni-Juli di Laboratorium Inkubasi Pengolahan Kakao, Prodi Agroindustri, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Sampel yang digunakan adalah biji kakao terfermentasi dari Desa KakaoBanjaroya, Kulonprogo. Pada percobaan ini, sampel biji kakao yang telah disangrai dibuat pasta terlebih dahulu. Kemudian pasta kakao sebanyak 200 g dipres selama 20, 30 dan 45 menit menggunakan variasi suhu 70, 100 dan 110oC. Parameter yang diamati adalah sifat organoleptik seperti aroma, rasa, warna dan keasaman, yang diuji menggunakan uji kesukaan dan uji skoring. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan lama pengepresan berpengaruh signifikan (p<0,5) terhadap rasa, warna dan keasaman untuk uji skoring, dan aroma untuk uji hedonik.
Potentially (near) fatal asthma
Authors: Greenberger Paul A.
Published: November 2019

Potentially (near) fatal asthma (PFA) defines a subset of patients with asthma who are at increased risk for death from their disease. The diagnosis of PFA should motivate treating physicians, health professionals, and patients to be more aggressive in the monitoring, treatment, and
control of this high-risk type of asthma. A diagnosis of PFA is made when any one of the following are present: (1) a history of endotracheal intubation from asthma, (2) acute respiratory acidosis (pH < 7.35) or respiratory failure from acute severe asthma, (3) two or more episodes of acute
pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum from asthma, (4) two or more episodes of acute severe asthma, despite the use of long-term oral corticosteroids and other antiasthma medications. There are two predominant phenotypes of near-fatal exacerbations: “subacute” exacerbation and “hyperacute”
exacerbation. The best way to “treat” acute severe asthma is 3‐7 days before it occurs (i.e., at the onset of symptoms or change in respiratory function) and to optimize control of asthma by decreasing the number of symptomatic days and the days and/or nights that require
rescue therapy and increasing baseline respiratory status in “poor perceivers.” PFA is treated with a multifaceted approach; physicians and health-care professionals should appreciate limitations of pharmacotherapy, including combination inhaled corticosteroid‐long-acting
β-agonist products as well as addressing nonadherence, psychiatric, and socioeconomic issues that complicate care.
Asthma and allergies in pregnancy
Authors: Kwah Jason H. , Stevens Whitney W.
Published: November 2019

Asthma is the most common respiratory disease observed in pregnancy and is estimated to occur in approximately 5‐8% of pregnant women. The course of asthma during gestation may be affected by normal physiologic changes associated with the pregnancy, environmental exposures, and
adherence to medical therapy. Uncontrolled asthma poses serious risks not only to the mother but also to the fetus. However, if asthma is controlled, then most women have outcomes at or near that of the general population. Appropriate management of asthma during pregnancy includes evaluation
of symptoms, regular monitoring of pulmonary function, and patient education with regard to the risks and benefits of medications. Overall, the advantages of treating asthma in pregnancy markedly outweigh any potential risks of standard medical therapies. Comorbid conditions, including allergic
rhinitis or vasomotor rhinitis of pregnancy, should also be managed during pregnancy.
Urticaria and angioedema
Authors: Guo Canting , Saltoun Carol
Published: November 2019

Urticaria, also known as hives, may affect up to 20% of the population at some time. Urticaria is described as pruritic erythematous, raised, circumscribed lesions with central pallor that blanch with pressure. Urticaria is closely associated with angioedema in 40% of individuals; approximately
10% of patients experience angioedema without urticaria. Urticarial lesions often are generalized, with multiple lesions in no specific distribution; angioedema tends to be localized and commonly affects the face (periorbital and perioral regions) or tongue. Urticaria is subdivided into acute
and chronic urticaria based on the duration of symptoms. Acute urticaria lasts < 6 weeks, and an identifiable cause, such as food products, medications (aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics), or insect stings, may be discovered. Urticaria that lasts for >6 weeks
is designated as chronic urticaria, and an etiology is seldom identified and thus considered spontaneous. Chronic urticaria may have an autoimmune basis. There is a well-documented association between autoimmune hypothyroidism (Hashimoto disease) and urticaria and angioedema, with a higher
incidence of antithyroid (antithyroglobulin and antiperoxidase) antibodies in these patients, who are usually euthyroid. Furthermore, results of studies revealed a circulating immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody directed against the high affinity IgE receptor alpha subunit IgE receptor (FcεRI)
or IgE in 40‐60% of patients with chronic urticaria. A stepwise approach to the treatment of urticarial is recommended with second-generation H1 antihistamines being the first line of therapy.
Hereditary and acquired angioedema
Authors: Patel Gayatri , Pongracic Jacqueline A.
Published: November 2019

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is an autosomal dominant disorder defined by a deficiency of functional C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH). Acquired angioedema is due to either consumption (type 1) or inactivation (type 2) of CI-INH. Both HAE and acquired angioedema can be life-threatening.
Of the three types of HAE, type 1 is most common, occurring in approximately 85% of patients and characterized by decreased production of C1-INH, which results in reduced functional activity to 5‐40% of normal. Type 2 occurs in 15% of cases; C1-INH is detectable in normal or elevated
quantities but is dysfunctional. Also, HAE with normal CI-INH (previously called type 3 HAE) is rare and characterized by normal complement studies. Specific genetic mutations have been linked to factor XII, angiopoietin-1, and plasminogen gene. Patients with unknown mutations are classified
as unknown. The screening test for types 1 and 2 is complement component C4, which is low to absent at times of angioedema and during quiescent periods. A useful test to differentiate HAE from acquired angioedema is C1q protein, which is normal in HAE and low in acquired angioedema. The management
of HAE has been transformed with the advent of disease-specific therapies. On-demand therapy options include plasma and recombinant C1-INH for intravenous infusion; ecallantide, an inhibitor of kallikrein; and icatibant, a bradykinin β2 receptor antagonist, both administered
subcutaneously. For long-term prophylaxis, intravenous or subcutaneous C1-INH enzyme replacement and lanadelumab, a monoclonal antibody against kallikrein that is administered subcutaneously, are effective agents.
Food allergy: Diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Ochfeld Elisa N. , Pongracic Jacqueline A.
Published: November 2019

Immunoglobulin E‐mediated food reactions usually develop within minutes of food ingestion. Although most reactions are not life-threatening, fatalities do occur. Risk factors for fatal food-induced anaphylaxis include the presence of asthma (a risk factor for anaphylaxis in general),
failure to use epinephrine autoinjectors promptly, a history of severe reactions, known food allergy, denial of symptoms, and adolescent and young adult age. The most commonly implicated foods are cow's milk, egg, peanut, soy, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, and wheat. Peanut, tree nuts, and seafood
are the most common food allergens in adults, whereas cow's milk, peanut, egg, soy, and wheat are more common in children. The major food allergens are glycoproteins, which are generally water soluble and stable to the effects of heat, proteases, and acids. Recent studies showed that natural
tolerance can be acquired at a later age than previously thought, even during adolescence. Allergies to peanut, tree nuts, and seafood are frequently life-long. Patients and their caregivers should be taught when and how to administer injectable epinephrine. In terms of primary prevention,
there is evidence that early introduction, followed by ongoing regular consumption of peanut has a protective effect on the development of peanut allergy.
Drug allergy
Authors: Greenberger Paul A.
Published: November 2019

Drug allergy describes clinical adverse reactions that are proved or presumed to be immunologically based. Allergic drug reactions do not resemble pharmacologic actions of the incriminated drug and may occur at fractions of what would be the therapeutic dosage. Allergic drug reactions
are unpredictable; nevertheless, there is increased risk of drug hypersensitivity in (1) patients with cystic fibrosis who receive antibiotics; (2) patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) who receive trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or if human
leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*5701+ and receive the antiretroviral agent abacavir; (3) other genetically susceptible populations, e.g., Han-Chinese with HLA-B*1502+ who develop Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis from carbamazepine, with HLA-B*5801+ who are at increased risk
for such reactions from allopurinol, those with HLA-A*32:01 and receive vancomycin and develop drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome; and (4) patients with a history of compatible allergic reactions to the same medication, similar class, or potentially unrelated medication.
Specific patient groups at higher risk for drug allergy include patients with Epstein-Barr virus infection, chronic lymphatic leukemia, HIV/AIDS, cystic fibrosis, patients with seizures who are being treated with anti-epileptic medications, and patients with asthma (especially severe asthma)
who are at increased risk of anaphylaxis from any cause, including drugs, compared with patients without asthma. In patients with a history of penicillin allergy, skin testing helps clarify the current level of risk for anaphylaxis by using the major (penicilloyl polylysine) and minor penicillin
determinants in which sensitivity is 99%. If penicilloyl polylysine and penicillin G are used for skin testing, then the sensitivity is approximately 85‐95%. When skin test results are negative, graded challenges are performed to administer optimal or truly essential antibiotics.
Unproved and controversial methods and theories in allergy/immunology
Authors: Agnihotri Neha T. , Greenberger Paul A.
Published: November 2019

Unproved methods and controversial theories in the diagnosis and management of allergy/immunology are those that lack scientific credibility. Some definitions are provided for perspective, as in chronic medical conditions, frequently nonscientifically based treatments are developed
that can have a profound psychological effect on the patients in the absence of objective physical benefit. Standard practice uses methods of diagnosis and treatment used by reputable physicians in a particular subspecialty or primary care practice, with the understanding that diagnosis and
treatment options are consistent with established mechanisms of conditions or diseases. Conventional medicine (Western or allopathic medicine) is that which is practiced by the majority of physicians, osteopaths, psychologists, registered nurses, and physical therapists. Complementary medicine
involves diverse practices or products that are used with the practice of conventional medicine, such as using acupuncture in addition to opioids for pain relief. Alternative medicine implies use of complementary practices in place of conventional medicine. Unproved and controversial methods
and theories do not have supporting data, validation, or sufficient scientific scrutiny, and they should not be used in the practice of allergy/immunology. Some examples of unproven theories about allergic/immunologic conditions include allergic toxemia, idiopathic environmental intolerance,
and toxic disease from indoor molds. Unconventional diagnostic methods for allergic conditions include cytotoxic tests, provocation-neutralization, electrodermal diagnosis, applied kinesiology assessments, chemical analysis of body fluids, and serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) or IgG4 testing.
Unproven treatments and intervention methods for allergic/immunologic conditions include acupuncture, homeopathy, halotherapy, and autogenous urine injections.
PENGARUH CURRENT ASSET TURN OVER, INVENTORY TURN OVER TERHADAP FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL REPORTING DENGAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Riska Riska , Rismauli Julita , Ryanda Oky , Umar Haryono
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh Current Asset Turn Over, Inventory Turn Over Terhadap Fraudulent Financial Reporting Dengan Ukuran Perusahaan Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia yang termasuk dalam kelompok LQ-45. Pengujan hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 23. Terdapat 84 sample yang dipilih secara random dan memiliki kriteria  untuk dapat diteliti, sehingga menghasilkan hasil pengujian untuk variabel Current Asset Turn Over (CATA) memiliki pengaruh negatif yang signifikan, artinya jika angka rasio CATA naik artinya kemungkinan terjadinya kecurangan pelaporan keuangan rendah, untuk variabel Inventory Turn Over (IVTA) menghasilkan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan artinya jika rasio IVTA naik maka kemungkinan terjadinya kecurangan pelaporan keuangan juga tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini variabel moderasi yang diukur dengan SIZE belum dapat memoderasi variabel Current Asset Turn Over dan Inventory Turn Over untuk mempengaruhi  Fraudulent Financial Reporting, artinya besar kecilnya skala perusahaan tidak mendorong pihak manajemen untuk melakukan kecenderungan kecurangan akuntansi
PENGARUH FRAUD DIAMOND TERHADAP PENDETEKSIAN FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL STATEMENT DENGAN KEBIJAKAN ANTI FRAUD SEBAGAI VARIABLE MODERASI PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2016 – 2018
Authors: Simaremare Elison , Handayani Choiriyah , Basri Husen , Tambunan Alessandro , Umar Haryono
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh empat elemen dalam Fraud Diamond dalam mendeteksi terjadinya Fraudulent financial Statement dengan Kebijakan Anti Fraud sebagai variabel moderasi. Fraud Diamond terdiri dari elemen tekanan (pressure), kesempatan (opportunity), rasionalisasi (rationalization), dan kemampuan (capability). Variabel independen yang digunakan adalah Financial Target dengan proksi ROA, Ineffective Monitoring dengan proksi jumlah komisaris independen (DBOUT), Rasionalisasi dengan proksi TATA, dan Capability dengan proksi perubahan direksi (DCHANGE). Sedangkan variabel dependen yang digunakan adalah Fraudulent Financial Statement yang diproksikan oleh Manajemen Laba. Penelitian ini menggunakan tehnik sampling Purposive Sampling, dengan ketentuan perusahaan perbankan yang telah go public dan terdaftar dalam Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) serta mempublikasikan laporan secara lengkap selama periode penelitian (2016-2018). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi berganda. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa dari keempat variabel independen yang digunakan, hanya variabel rasionalisasi yang diproksikan oleh TATA yang berpengaruh positif terhadap Fraudulent Financial Statement, sedangkan variabel ROA, DBOUT dan DCHANGE tidak berpengaruh terhadap Fraudulent Financial Statement. Selain itu kebijakan anti fraud yang ada di perusahaan perbankan tidak dapat memperlemah pengaruh ROA, DBOUT, TATA, dan DCHANGE terhadap Fraudulent Financial Statement.
ANALISA FUNDAMENTAL TERHADAP PREDIKSI FINANCIAL DISTRESS
Authors: Indrayani Christine Wahyu , Herawaty Vinola
Published: November 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: Untuk meneliti bagimana pengaruh rasio profitabilitas, likuiditas, leverage, sales growth terhadap financial distress dengan board size sebagai variabel moderator. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan variabel kontrol age dan size. Desain/Metologi/Pendekatan: Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap perusahaan properti & real estate yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2016-2018. Jumlah sampel yang terpilih adalah sejumlah 123 observasi yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian : hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa rasio profitabilitas, board size berpengaruh negatif terhadap financial distress, sedangkan rasio likuiditas, leverage dan sales growth tidak berpengaruh terhadap financial distress. Board size tidak mampu memperkuat pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, growth terhadap financial distress dan tidak mampu memperlemah pengaruh leverage terhadap financial distress.
FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD AND FINANCIAL STABILITY
Authors: Arifudin Arifudin
Published: November 2019

AbstrakLaba adalah salah satu yang mencerminkan kondisi keuangan dan menjadi tolak ukur performa perusahaan. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengidentifikasi laporan keuangan yang terdapat kecurangan dengan menghubungkan dengan stabilitas keuangan perusahaan. Sampel yang diambil adalah peusahaan manufaktur yang efektif di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015-2017. data dari laporan keuangan publikasi diolang dengan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan ada 37 laporan keuangan perusahaan diindikasi melakukan earnings fraud. dari laporan keuangan tersebut 90 persen dalam kondisi distress. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perusahaan yang mengalami kondisi keuangan yang baik cenderung lebih sedikit tidak mendapatkan tekanan untuk melakukan earnings fraud. penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan bahwa perusahaan yang sedang mengalami distress cenderung melikiki intensif tekanan untuk melakukan fraud.
PERANCANGAN KOMUNIKASI VISUAL KAMPANYE SOSIAL APLIKASI BANK SAMPAH BERBASIS LOKASI JAKARTA
Authors: Kamilah Jauza , Franzia Elda
Published: November 2019

Jakarta adalah wilayah yang memiliki konstribusi besar terhadap volume sampah di Indonesia, aplikasi Bank Sampah di Jakarta menjadi portal masyarakat dalam berpatisipasi menanggulangi sampah Jakarta. Karena kegunaan aplikasi Bank Sampah yang dapat meningkatkan minat masyarakat Jakarta pada era teknologi maka harus memperhatikan tampilan desain antarmukanya. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi respon pengguna terhadap desain antarmuka aplikasi Bank Sampah di Jakarta, untuk dijadikan bahan pengembangan dalam perancangan tampilan desain antarmuka aplikasi Bank Sampah yang lebih baik. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dengan metode pengumpulan data dari observasi, kuesioner, wawancara, dan referensi pustaka. Analisis dilakukan terhadap peningkatan volume sampah yang berpengaruh terhadap lingkungan, dan elemen-elemen desain yaitu tipografi, warna, layout, gambar, ikon, dan proses tahapannya, menu pada aplikasi sejenis. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah membuat aplikasi Bank Sampah dengan desain yang baik, dan proses tahapan yang mudah supaya meningkatkan minat dan kepedulian masyarakat terhadap aplikasi Bank Sampah.
DESAIN INTERIOR LAYANAN ANAK PERPUSTAKAAN NASIONAL RI – JAKARTA PUSAT
Authors: Putri Suci Nanda , Dewanti Asih Retno
Published: November 2019

Desain interior atau tata ruang dalam adalah perencanaan sebuah ruangan yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dan aktivitas penggunayang sesuai dengan fungsi ruang dan fasilitasnya. Seperti judul penelitian Tugas Akhir yaitu ‘Perencanaan Interior layanan anak di Perputakaan Nasional RI di Jakarta Pusat’ masih terlihat kaku dan belum menyesuaikan dengan ergonomi dan antrophometri khusus untuk anak-anak. Karena masa kanak-kanak adalah masa di mana bersikap sangat dinamis dan rentan serta mudah dipengaruhi atau terpengaruh segala situasi dan kondisi. Karena itu pendidikan sangatlah penting diterapkan pada usia dini dan kanak-kanak. Pendidikan tidak saja diperoleh dilingkungan keluarga dan tempat tinggal saja, tetapi pendidikan banyak diperoleh dilingkungan tempat menuntut ilmu dari mulai pendidikan usia dini, Sekolah Dasar, SMP, SMA, Perguruan Tinggi, Pekerjaan, tempat Ibadah hingga tempat-tempat bersosialisasi lainnya. Selain dalam bentuk proses belajar mengajar perlu adanya wadah lain sebagai media untuk menyampaikan informasi baik secara visual, verbal yang mempengaruhi kehidupan setiap orang. Salah satunya adalah ‘Perpustakaan dalam dunia pendidikan’. Sesuai dengan judul penelitian, selama ini secara interior masih di desain untuk manusia dewasa. Perencanaan dan desainnya belum tertangani secara detail. Untuk itu menjawab kebutuhan tersebut dilakukan studi dan analisa sesuai dengan kebutuhan anak-anak serta disesuaikan dengan kemajuan teknologi dan perkembangan yang ada.
EFEKTIVITAS KERJASAMA INTERNASIONAL PONDOK PESANTREN UNTUK PENINGKATAN MUTU SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA: PONDOK MODERN GONTOR DALAM KERJASAMA INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Amalia Novi Rizka
Published: November 2019

Indonesia is one of the countries with the most Muslim population in Asia. But this does not change the idiotic foundation of Indonesia, namely Pancasila, which is the basis of how the nation and state are also useful for determining the Direction of Foreign Policy of the Republic of Indonesia. As social beings, humans cannot live alone in state relations, one country certainly needs a role and cooperation with other countries. Every collaboration will certainly have a positive impact. One of the positive results underlined in this study is about the development of HR (Human Resources) which can be done through various things. This study will discuss the benefits of international cooperation in improving the quality of human resources carried out by Islamic Boarding Schools, given the number of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. The benefits are imitated in terms of both language and non-academic abilities, the benefits will be useful for the installation process at the Islamic Boarding School.
A Critical Assessment of the Zimbabwe-South Africa Import Licensing Dispute
Authors: Vinti Clive
Published: November 2019

The gravamen of the dispute between Zimbabwe and South Africa is the introduction by Zimbabwe of an import-licensing regime for various goods through Statutory Instrument 64 of 2016 (‘the Instrument’). Zimbabwe alleges that the Instrument is primarily aimed at protecting local industries and alleviating balance of payment challenges. Consequently, this article assesses the legality of the Zimbabwe import-licensing regime implemented primarily against goods from South Africa by examining the grounds of justification proffered by Zimbabwe. The article contends, first, that the Instrument is a quantitative restriction that violates Articles XI.1 and XIII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Secondly, the article argues that the Instrument falls foul of the WTO Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures in that the administration of the measure is unduly burdensome and goes beyond the extent necessary. Thirdly, the article contends that the Instrument fails to fulfil the requirements for a valid ‘safeguard measure’ in the manner contemplated by Article XIX of GATT and the Agreement on Safeguards. In the alternative, the article argues that the urgency of the situation in Zimbabwe is such that any delay would cause irreparable damage and therefore entitles Zimbabwe to exercise the right to implement safeguard measures. Lastly, the article contends that the Instrument is substantially in line with the ‘balance of payments’ exception as postulated by the Understanding on the Balance of Payments Provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 and GATT.
Initiatives Aimed at Ensuring Transparency and Accountability in the Nigerian Petroleum Industry: A Critical Appraisal of the Nigeria Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative (NEITI), the NEITI Act and the Petroleum Industry Governance Bill (PIGB)
Authors: Meyer Yolandi
Published: November 2019

This article seeks to analyse initiatives that have aimed to increase the level of transparency and accountability in the petroleum sector in Nigeria during the past few decades. Nigeria has vast deposits of natural-resource wealth; however, harvesting these resources in order to provide an optimal financial return has often been challenging. Furthermore, the financial gains have not always translated into an improved socio-economic standing of the country’s citizens. It is argued that the main reasons for this are mismanagement of natural-resource wealth and a lack of transparency and accountability in the petroleum sector. This article discusses recent initiatives that aim to deal with these issues, namely: the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), specifically the Nigerian Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI), the NEITI Act and the Petroleum Industry Governance Bill (PIGB). The article examines whether these initiatives can contribute to a more transparent and accountable petroleum sector and whether they can ultimately translate into objectifiable results and improve the overall socio-economic situation in Nigeria.
Konrad z Opola i jego dzieło
Authors: Koredczuk Józef
Published: November 2019

In his contribution, the author presents Conrad of Opole, who was the author of the manuscripts of The Saxon Mirror, prepared for Cracow and Wroclaw (the so-called Versio Wratislaviensis), and then other sources of Magdeburg law (such as the Magdeburg Weichbild). The author of this article concentrates on the creation of these monuments of law, but also on their significance for the development of urban law in Poland as the basis for the location and system of cities in Poland. Moreover, these reflections provide an opportunity to present the mutual relations between Wroclaw and Cracow during their location.
Procesy i egzekucje „żywych trupów” przed sądami miejskimi i wiejskimi w XVI–XVIII wieku – przyczynek do wierzeń w magia posthuma na Śląsku
Authors: Wojtucki Daniel
Published: November 2019

There are references reaching back to the Middle Ages, regarding the fear of the “undead” or “living dead” who would rise from their graves in a local cemetery to haunt and harm the community. The fear of the “undead” was extremely strong, and the entailing hysteria often affected entire communities. In the 16th to the 18th century, in Silesia, effective forms of coping with the harmful deceased were developed. Analysing the preserved source material, we are able to determine that the basic actions involved finding the grave of the “undead” in the cemetery, exhuming the corpse and destroying it. However, this did not always mean the total annihilation of the poor man’s corpse. The trial and execution of the corpse of a person suspected of the harmful activity against the living took place observing almost the same rules as in the case of the living. Apart from the authorities, who usually commissioned local jurors to handle the situation, opinions and advice were also sought from the clergy as well as gravediggers and executioners. The last were considered to be experts of sorts and were often called upon to see corpses of the suspected dead. In the analysed cases of posthumous magic (magia posthuma) in Silesia, we deal with two directions of handling the corpse accused of a harmful posthumous activity. In both cases, the main decision was made to remove such corpses from the cemetery’s area. Costs of the trial and execution of the “undead” were considerable. They included expenses incurred due to rather frequent court hearings at which sometimes dozens of witnesses were heard, payments to expert witnesses, payments to guards watching graves, costs of legal instructions, services of gravediggers who would dig up suspicious graves, and, finally, the remuneration of executioners and their people. In the second half of the 18th century, despite relevant decrees issued by supreme authorities, trials and executions of the dead were not completely abandoned.
550. rocznica powstania staropolskiego dwuizbowego sejmu
Authors: Kaczorowski Włodzimierz
Published: November 2019

Brak abstraktu.