bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heritage Building Conservation Projects Decision-Making Processes
Authors: Balaban-Ökten Burcu
Published: August 2023

Restoration projects of historical buildings involve decision-making processes that require researchers from different fields of expertise to work together. One of the most challenging stages of conservation projects is making decisions. Scientific committees need information about the entire life of the buildings to decide on conservation strategies. In addition, communication and information exchange between stakeholders are critical issues in restoration projects. This research examines restoration projects from a project management perspective with a systematic literature review. In this study, firstly, a literature review was conducted to see the decision-making processes in historical heritage research. Then, by using the content analysis method, the main themes of the current research were determined. The problems experienced in the field are mostly project management based. Some of the important research themes are determined as, special laws for conservation projects, collaborative planning, risk management, resource management, and interdisciplinary work environments.
Challenges In The Constructıon Medıatıon
Authors: Arici-Ustuner Yaprak
Published: August 2023

The construction sector, unlike other sectors, can be defined as a sector where technical competencies are at the forefront, crowded in terms of stakeholders participating in the project process, and open to all kinds of external influences. Therefore, it is possible to experience disputes between the parties during construction projects.  Studies in the literature show that this rapid dispute resolution method can be mediation in terms of the construction sector. Mediation can be defined as an impartial third party entering the process and guiding the parties to resolve their dispute. Whether this complex and difficult structure of the construction sector differentiates these mediation processes from the processes of other sectors is not a subject that has been extensively researched in the literature.  In this study, which reached 38 mediators, the mediators evaluated their construction mediation processes that they have experienced. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the interest-based structure of the construction sector, involvement of multiple stakeholders in projects and the fact that the disputes in the sector are generally based on technical issues are among the challenges of the mediation processes in the construction sector.
Acoustical characterization of Taramati Baradari
Authors: Akhtar Syed Azhar , Kawathekar Vishakha
Published: August 2023

India has a very rich and diverse cultural heritage and when studying from one built form to another, it can be observed that each plan and architectural form has a very close association with the purpose it was built for. The use of daylight in these structures is very well documented and studied, the acoustics of the structure are hidden, especially for a place of worship and performance. It needs special attention and should be addressed subjectively. The effect of architectural form and elements on the acoustics of the structure needs to be documented and studied. It should be documented using acoustical instruments like omnidirectional sound source and handheld analysers and ODEON and EASE 4.3, a simulation of the space should be done to understand the original setting of that structure. Taramati Baradari in Hyderabad will be used as a case study.
Role of Traditional Craft in Shaping the Historic City of Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Bhardwaj Kirti , Bhole Ramesh P.
Published: August 2023

Moradabad is known as the Brass City of India. The paper would cover the study of the tangible heritage of Moradabad including the understanding of the historic city and identifying the historic structures of the old city. The second one would be to study the Intangible Heritage of Moradabad focusing on identifying the traditional brass making areas. This aspect would also focus on documenting the ‘karkhanas’ where they make brass items and the traditional knowledge system involved in the craft. This study would be based on primary on-site surveys.After studying both the layers, the paper would also try and find the connection between the traditional craft and the historic city. Artisans from the major backbone of the city. The conditions in which they are working has a direct implication on their health, the paper would aim to study these issues and give design solutions/ proposals for the same.
Synchronic Phenomenological Analysis Urban Identity Buildings
Authors: Zenter Özge , Yıldırım M. Tayfun
Published: August 2023

In today's architectural design, besides the expectation of function, the meaning of the design in human perception is important. From the past to the present, the relationship between "urban and identity" has come to the fore more in design. Especially in Modernism, with the effect of globalization-global capitalism, competition between cities has increased and architectural products have become a country promotion tool. The concepts of place and space have changed in architecture; a process in the universalist style consisting of typified buildings that have no connection with the place has begun. Contrary to this attitude, it is seen that the buildings that can be the symbol of the country-city and aim to present the image of different cities are intensified. As one of the ways to give an identity to a city; symbolic buildings, which give information about the place, are the current approach in architecture. In this study, examples of buildings, which are considered as urban symbols, have been examined in diachronic and synchronic. As a phenomenological analysis method, building samples were analyzed in the context of C. Norberg-Schulz's "Genius Loci" concept and Roland Barthes's “Semiological” principles. As a result, the urban symbol buildings which analyzed diachronically and synchronously.
Evaluation of Cultural Heritage Conservation in the Context of Low-Carbon Urban Development
Authors: Bostan Zerrin
Published: August 2023

The problem of climate change threatens the destruction of urban identity by negatively affecting the structure of cities. There is no strategy determined for 'urban protected areas' in the arrangements made for the solution. Contributing to the national 'sustainable development' goals, within the framework of energy efficiency, it is aimed to contribute to the evaluation of innovative application approaches and the determination of strategies for the current renewal methods of cultural assets. Literature review and face-to-face interviews were used as methods. A comparative analysis of the application differences between the repair of a national historical building and the repair of an international historical building was made. As a result; In order to increase the quality of urban life in protected areas, the basic principles of urban renewal should be considered integrated with all strategies and a climate action plan should be made from the national level to the local level.
Kent Kimliğinin İnşasında Koku Duyusu ve Etkileri
Authors: Çakır Zehra , Erkan Nilgün Çolpan
Published: August 2023

İnsanlar günde binlerce kez koku alır ve her bir koklama yeni bir deneyim oluşturmaktadır. Her mekânın hem üretilen malzemeden hem sahip olduğu peyzajdan hem de orada gerçekleştirilen işlevlerden kaynaklı olarak kendine has bir kokusu vardır. Ancak uzun yıllar mekân kokuları yalnızca olumsuz yönden ele alınmış ve bireyle olan ilişkisi göz ardı edilmiştir. Mekân, an ve birey arasında doğrudan bağlantının önemli bir aracı olan koku duyusunun görmezden gelinmesi ortak bir koku kimliğinin ve belleğinin oluşmasına engel olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı koku duyusunun kentsel mekânın algılanmasında, kent kimliğinin ve mekânsal belleğin oluşmasındaki etkilerini araştırmak ve kentsel tasarım çalışmalarına koku duyusunun dahil edilmesinin önemini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma süresince konuyla ilgili kaynaklar taranmış, gönüllülerle saha çalışması gerçekleştirilerek derinlemesine mülakat yapılmıştır. Sahada gerçekleştirilecek mekânsal analizlerle ve gönüllülerin katılımıyla elde edilecek verilerle de nitel bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonucunda koku, mekân algısı ve kentsel kimlik kavramları arasındaki etkileşimin saptanması hedeflenmiştir.
Impact of long-term glycemic variability on interdialytic weight gain in diabetic hemodialysis patients
Authors: TOPAL Mustafa , GÜLER Muhammed Hasan
Published: August 2023

Aims: Interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) was shown to be associated with mortality and correlated with long-term glycemic indices in diabetic hemodialysis (DHD) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between glycemic variability (GV) and IDWG in DHD patients.
Methods: 82 DHD patients were studied for 6 months. Six measurements of monthly predialysis glucose were used to calculate glycemic indices. The weight gain over the dry weight of the last 10 consequent hemodialysis sessions was measured for each patient to calculate IDWG.
Results: IDWG was positively correlated with GV, HbA1c (p=0.025, r=0.247 and p=0.006, r=0.304, respectively) and inversely correlated with age (p=0.01, r=-0.283). GV was positively correlated with HbA1c (p
Efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging among pregnant patients diagnosed with acute abdomen in the emergency department
Authors: YILMAZSOY Yunus , ÖZDEMİR Adnan , ARSLAN Serdar , BEKİN SARIKAYA Pelin Zeynep
Published: August 2023

Aims: Diagnostic procedures are very important for fetal safety during pregnancy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is characterized by a higher accuracy rate compared to medical follow-up and post-surgical diagnoses. However, it is very important to use it at the right time in order to maintain cost-effectiveness of the technique. In this study, we aimed to determine the efficacy of MRI in pregnant patients admitted to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain when the etiology has not been defined by other techniques.

Methods: The data of pregnant patients who admitted to the emergency department due to acute abdominal pain between January 2013 and February 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All these patients evaluated with pelvic magnetic resonance screening, as they could not be diagnosed by physical examination findings, laboratory tests, or ultrasonography. Diagnostic performance of MRI, sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values were assessed.

Results: The etiology of the pain was detected in 29 of 57 patients who applied to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain and evaluated with pelvic MRI. The most common cause of acute abdominal pain was acute appendicitis which all of them histopathologically confirmed (n=14). Pelvic abscess, severe hydronephrosis, giant ovarian cyst, pyelonephritis, ovarian torsion, and uterine fibroid torsion were among other causes.

Conclusion: MRI is a highly effective imaging method for diagnosing both acute appendicitis and other pelvic emergencies. Therefore, it would be beneficial for the diagnosis in pregnant patients with acute abdominal pain.
The evolution of hemorrhoids publications during 1980-2021: a global and medical view with bibliometric analysis
Authors: SEZİKLİ İsmail , ASLAN Orhan , TOPCU Ramazan
Published: August 2023

Aims: Hemorrhoids is a common anorectal disorder and significantly affects quality of life. Although the number of global studies on hemorrhoids has increased in recent years, there is still no bibliometric study in the literature. In this study, it aimed that analyzing the scientific articles published on hemorrhoids holistically.

Methods: The articles published between 1980 and 2021 were analyzed using bibliometric and statistical methods on hemorrhoids. Network visualization maps were used to identify trending topics and international collaborations. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used for correlation studies. The Exponential Triple Smoothing estimator was used to estimate the number of articles expected to be published in the coming years.

Results: A total of 3203 publications were found. 1863 (58.1%) of these publications were articles. The most active author is Gupta PJ. (n=26). The first 2 journals that published the most articles were Diseases of the Colon & Rectum (n=228) and Colorectal Disease (n=82). Singapore General Hospital (n=35) and University of Rome La Sapienza (n=19) were the 2 most active institutions. According to the average number of citations per article, the top 2 most influential journals were British Journal of Surgery and American Journal of Gastroenterology.

Conclusion: In this comprehensive study on hemorrhoids, a statistical analysis of 1863 articles was shared. It was determined that the trend topics in hemorrhoid researches were THD, mucopexy, transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization, colorectal surgery, embolization, constipation, risk factors, Milligan-Morgan, classification, recurrence and randomized controlled trial. This article can be a useful resource for scientists and clinicians in terms of the global output of hemorrhoids yesterday, today and tomorrow.
A bibliometric study of vascularized fibular grafting technique
Authors: YILMAZ Selçuk
Published: August 2023

Aims: Vascularized fibula graft (VFG) technique is one of these “gold standard” techniques in bone regeneration. Although there have been several bibliometrics studies in orthopedics, there haven’t been any on VFGs. By identifying the gaps in previous research, we sought to provide light on the scientific evolution of VFGs and provide direction for future investigations.

Methods: In this bibliometric study, the Web of Science (WOS) database was used to access publications on VFG published between 1986-2022. A literature search was performed with selected keywords. The dataset obtained was downloaded from the WOS database as an output. This output was analyzed with VOSviewer and Biblioshiny tools.

Results: A total of 430 documents on VFG included the study. A mean of 11.9 articles/year was published on VFG. The first article on VFG published in 1986. Since 2005, there has been an increasing trend in the number of articles and citations. The year with the highest number of both publications (n=32) and citations (n=756) was 2021. The publications on VFG have cited a total of 7300 times, an average of 16.98 citations per publication. Total 51 countries contributed to publications on the VFG between 1986-2022. The United States of America (USA) was identified as the global leader in terms of the number of publications (n=91, 21.163%), followed by Japan (n=58, 13.488%) and China (n=56, 13.023%). The USA had 91 manuscripts and 2162 citations with an H-index:29 and Japan had 58 manuscripts and 1145 citations with an H-index:22.

Conclusion: The literature on VFG is quite limited. Most of the publications are from developed countries. Studies should be supported for this method that can be used in the treatment of many diseases, especially in developing countries.
Policy Imperatives: A Case of Gender Non-Conforming Learners
Authors: Makena Bulelwa , Feni Viwe Lungisani
Published: August 2023

As the Bill of Rights prescribed by the South African Constitution stipulates, all people, irrespective of gender, race and religion, have a right to equal opportunities. This is articulated by the Gender Schema Theory as it stipulates that some cohorts of learners are aligned to socially accepted behaviours while other gender aschematic learners perform parallel to socially recognized behaviours. Therefore, all learners are entitled to equal treatment and they have a right to education, especially because South Africa is a country renowned for its rainbow-nation characteristic, allowing it to accommodate diverse citizens. It is for this reason that this paper investigated whether school policy logistics have an impact on gender non-conforming learners in one rural Senior Secondary in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Two teachers were purposefully sampled as participants for this qualitative case study research. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were administered. Using thematic analyses led to the formation of themes which were used to discuss findings. The study found that (i) there are dynamics in policy formulation and also that (ii) there is a violation of school policies. This subjects them to social exclusion and social control that marginalises gender minorities. The study recommends that gender specific school policies be redefined to promote gender neutral and inclusive schools, thus creating societies where everyone is welcome and protected as suggested by the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa.

Keywords: Policy, Gender, Non-conforming, Diversity.
Multiscale Stamps for Real-time Classification of Alert Streams
Authors: Reyes-Jainaga Ignacio , Förster Francisco , Muñoz Arancibia Alejandra M. , Cabrera-Vives Guillermo , Bayo Amelia , Bauer Franz E. , Arredondo Javier , Reyes Esteban , Pignata Giuliano , Mourão A. M. , Silva-Farfán Javier , Galbany Lluís , Álvarez Alex , Astorga Nicolás , Castellanos Pablo , Gallardo Pedro , Moya Alberto , Rodríguez Diego
Published: August 2023

In recent years, automatic classifiers of image cutouts (also called “stamps”) have been shown to be key for fast supernova discovery. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory will distribute about ten million alerts with their respective stamps each night, enabling the discovery of approximately one million supernovae each year. A growing source of confusion for these classifiers is the presence of satellite glints, sequences of point-like sources produced by rotating satellites or debris. The currently planned Rubin stamps will have a size smaller than the typical separation between these point sources. Thus, a larger field-of-view stamp could enable the automatic identification of these sources. However, the distribution of larger stamps would be limited by network bandwidth restrictions. We evaluate the impact of using image stamps of different angular sizes and resolutions for the fast classification of events (active galactic nuclei, asteroids, bogus, satellites, supernovae, and variable stars), using data from the Zwicky Transient Facility. We compare four scenarios: three with the same number of pixels (small field of view with high resolution, large field of view with low resolution, and a multiscale proposal) and a scenario with the full stamp that has a larger field of view and higher resolution. Compared to small field-of-view stamps, our multiscale strategy reduces misclassifications of satellites as asteroids or supernovae, performing on par with high-resolution stamps that are 15 times heavier. We encourage Rubin and its Science Collaborations to consider the benefits of implementing multiscale stamps as a possible update to the alert specification.
AGN’s Deadness Over Cosmic Time: UVJ Diagrams of X-Ray AGN
Authors: Cionitti Rachel , Coleman Brandon , Kirkpatrick Allison , Troiani Greg
Published: August 2023

Over cosmic time, galaxies tend to separate into a bimodal distribution of “red and dead” or blue and star-forming. We examine whether active galaxies evolve in a similar way, and whether this reveals anything about the complexities of the relationship between an AGN and the host galaxy. We use the Stripe82X survey to identify 3940 X-ray AGN spanning z = 0–2.5, and we measure the rest-frame UVJ colors of each galaxy. We classify AGN as star-forming or quiescent based on their location in a UVJ color diagram. We find that there is not a clear bimodal distribution between AGN in star-forming and quiescent galaxies. Furthermore, the most luminous X-ray sources tend to lie in the star-forming region, which may indicate a correlation between central engine activity and increased rates of star formation.
Understanding Binary Systems—a Comparison between COSMIC and MESA
Authors: Kenoly Lailani , Luu A. Ken , Toral Celia , Cheng Roseanne M. , Lloyd-Ronning Nicole M. , Larson Shane L. , Casabona Gabriel O.
Published: August 2023

We compare the evolution of binary systems evolved in the MESA stellar evolution code to those in the COSMIC population synthesis code. Our aim is to convey the robustness of the equations that model binary evolution in the COSMIC code, particularly for the cases of high mass stars with closely orbiting compact object companions. Our larger goal is to accurately model the rates of these systems, as they are promising candidates for the progenitor systems behind energetic, longer lasting, radio bright GRB jets. These systems also may be key contributors to the rates of binary black hole mergers throughout our Universe.
HO-CER: Hybrid-optimization-based convolutional ensemble random forest for data security in healthcare applications using blockchain technology
Authors: Badri Sahar
Published: August 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) plays a vital role in the rapid progression of healthcare diligence. In recent years, IoT has become one of the most significant sources in the medical domain, since physical devices collect essential patient information to share real-time data with medical practitioners via various sensors. Meanwhile, numerous existing intrusion detection techniques failed to meet the security needs to safeguard the patient data collected. If an attack or intrusion cannot be identified at a particular time, immeasurable damage will be developed, which will fail the system. Utilizing innovative and new technologies, namely Blockchain, edge computing, and machine learning, provides a powerful security solution to preserve the medical data of various patients. This paper proposes a modified convolutional ensemble random forest-based hybrid particle swarm (MCERF-HPS) approach to guarantee healthcare data security with the advancement of blockchain technology. The proposed MCERF-HPS-based intrusion detection system identifies and categorizes attacks and regular traffic in blockchain-based edge systems. In immediate response to the identification, the gateway devices in the network layer block the attack traffic within seconds, with fewer computing and processing abilities. Applying the detection mechanism at the edge layer close to the attack source provides a quick detection response and minimizes the workload of clouds. The proposed MCERF-HPS approach's ability to detect an intrusion is tested using the BoT-IoT database. The analytic result illustrates that the proposed MCERF-HPS approach achieves an improved attack detection accuracy of about 98.7% compared to other methods.
Préambule. Les dynamiques d’évolution de l’archéologie préventive
Authors: Bouiron Marc , Cribellier Christian , Deschamps Stéphane , Leroy Murielle , Chauveau Catherine
Published: August 2023

Les 20 ans de l’Inrap sont encadrés par deux textes de loi, celui de 2001, suivi de la réforme de 2003, et celui de 2016 qui ont profondément marqué tant l’évolution de l’archéologie préventive que celle de l’établissement. Ils garantissent la fiabilité scientifique de l’activité et l’efficacité professionnelle des équipes et font que le système français d’archéologie apparaît comme un modèle à l’étranger, permettant de fédérer la communauté des chercheurs au-delà d’équipes locales. Ce cadre législatif et réglementaire est évidemment lié aux débats intenses sur la définition de l’archéologie, sur ses conditions d’exercice et sur sa place dans la société.
Le patrimoine archéologique amérindien des Petites Antilles en bord de mer. Enjeux et urgences
Authors: Bonnissent Dominique , Serrand Nathalie , Stouvenot Christian
Published: August 2023

Le boom des gisements de la période mésoindienne, découverts essentiellement le long des rivages, fut amorcé lors des premières fouilles extensives dans les années 2000. La mise en œuvre de décapages en aire ouverte sur de grandes surfaces permettait de disposer d’une vision spatiale des sites et d’accéder à la compréhension des activités. La réflexion sur des sujets connexes a contribué à une intégration des données paléoenvironnementales, notamment sur les modifications du climat et l’exploitation des ressources de faune. Les données acquises et consolidées ont conduit à faire reculer de près de mille ans la date initiale du peuplement du nord des Petites Antilles (dès 3400 av. notre ère à Saint-Martin). La période néoindiennne (seconde vague migratoire à partir de 400 av. notre ère), attractive par sa production de céramique, était mieux connue. Mais bien des aspects restent à étudier, dont les pratiques anthropophages. Tous ces sites sont déjà en danger ; la remontée générale du niveau marin engagée depuis de début de l’Holocène, l’augmentation de la fréquence d’événements cycloniques majeurs, la destruction des barrières coralliennes et le développement d’installations touristiques, aggravent l’érosion littorale et menacent le patrimoine archéologique côtier des Petites Antilles.
Adaptation et évolution d’un habitat fortifié de l’âge du Bronze en Corse méridionale
Authors: Peche-Quilichini Kewin
Published: August 2023

Le site d’I Stantari di u Frati è a Sora occupe le sommet et le versant méridional d’une colline culminant à 49 mètres, dans la vallée du Rizzanesi (sud-ouest de la Corse). Sa fouille préventive récente (2019-2020) a révélé une installation perchée, occupée du début du Bronze ancien au Bronze moyen 2. L’habitat est initialement ceinturé par une palissade multiple, puis par un fossé palissadé, enfin par un double mur d’enceinte. Cette évolution traduit le passage graduel entre une implantation du Bronze ancien adaptée à son contexte naturel et une continuation au Bronze moyen plus conforme aux normes architecturales insulaires. Trois habitations de plan elliptique, munies ou non d’un soubassement maçonné, ont été mises en évidence lors des fouilles, révélant des caractères inédits. Leur morphologie permet d’établir des similitudes avec les contextes d’Italie du Sud. Les mobiliers attestent quant à eux de relations avec les microrégions voisines.
Une collaboration méthodologique et scientifique autour des aqueducs antiques de Lyon
Authors: Françoise-dit-Miret Luc , Coquidé Catherine , Bellanca-Penel Delphine , Boissard Emmanuelle
Published: August 2023

La localisation, la protection et l’étude des aqueducs de Lyon ont été au cœur de nombreux travaux au cours de ces cinq derniers siècles, l’archéologie préventive se plaçant en bout de ligne de cette histoire non linéaire. Après avoir exposé comment s’y sont investis des érudits et des associations, ce travail explore les interactions mises en place entre le SRA et l’Afan puis l’Inrap, le SAVL et les opérateurs privés. L’évolution des approches a été permise par l’application (et parfois l’anticipation) du cadre législatif en matière de patrimoine archéologique. Les opérations mises en place sur les tronçons menacés de destruction ont d’abord stoppé l’effacement brutal de centaines de mètres de canaux. Elles ont ensuite mis en lumière la richesse des données attachées à ces vestiges et généré de constants échanges qui ont permis d’ajuster les moyens d’intervention. Quarante ans après les prémices de l’étude préventive, les résultats sont nombreux, et les protocoles continuent d’évoluer au gré d’une recherche qui ouvre de nouveaux chapitres.
Une agglomération protohistorique et antique à Blois (Loir-et-Cher)
Authors: Aubourg Viviane , Josset Didier , Capron François , Simon Gaël
Published: August 2023

La recherche sur Blois a connu deux grandes étapes, avant et après l’archéologie préventive. Avant, les archéologues proposaient une histoire de la ville antique basée sur des données ponctuelles. Leur interprétation reposait sur un modèle d’organisation classique où seule la rive droite était habitée. Avec le développement de l’archéologie urbaine dans les années 1970, Blois connaît sa première grande fouille. Il faut attendre les années 1990 et la montée de l’archéologie préventive pour proposer de nouvelles interprétations sur l’origine et l’évolution de Blois. La création d’un zonage archéologique, en 2003, tient compte de ces dernières avancées. Dès lors, ce document permet de cibler les zones à investiguer. Depuis, les projets d’aménagement ont conduit à révéler l’histoire de la ville sur ses deux rives, dès l’époque gauloise. Avec la mise en place d’un projet collectif de recherche, en 2013, c’est la ville dans son contexte ligérien qui est désormais étudiée.
Archéologie préventive et programmée en montagne. Le haut bassin de la Cerdagne (Pyrénées-Orientales)
Authors: Lallemand Véronique , Kotarba Jérôme , Rendu Christine
Published: August 2023

Après une série de travaux d’archéologie programmée et de prospection-inventaire, le bassin de la Cerdagne, soumis à des aménagements nombreux, connaît un développement volontariste de l’archéologie préventive. Celui-ci se fonde sur des cahiers des charges scientifiques favorisant la collaboration entre différents organismes autour de problématiques partagées et sur la délimitation de zones de présomption de prescription archéologique. Ce dispositif permet d’adapter les méthodes aux spécificités des terroirs montagnards, notamment par l’association de différentes spécialités et par un recours fréquent aux datations par le radiocarbone. Les vestiges nombreux et diversifiés témoignent, en fonction des étages altitudinaux et du versant, des actions et des aménagements humains sur un temps long allant du Mésolithique à nos jours. Les prairies d’altitude apparaissent comme un conservatoire patrimonial de premier ordre dans un contexte écologique fragile soumis de longue date à la pression des communautés humaines.
Suivi de travaux dans la vallée du Marcadau (Cauterets, Hautes-Pyrénées)
Authors: Berdoy Anne
Published: August 2023

Un dossier de demande d’autorisation environnementale, liée à la réhabilitation d’un refuge montagnard, a été l’occasion de prescrire une opération d’archéologie préventive. En amont de l’enfouissement d’une canalisation d’eau sur 2,5 km, il s’agissait de réaliser une prospection en vue de reconnaître les vestiges liés à l’occupation agropastorale sur un temps long des pâturages d’altitude impactés par les travaux. Dans un deuxième temps, le creusement de la tranchée a fait l’objet d’un suivi archéologique qui a permis de relever plusieurs structures et niveaux d’occupation. Faute de mobilier archéologique associé, il faudra attendre les résultats des analyses et de l’étude pour disposer d’informations chronologiques. Celles-ci seront en outre complétées par des données paléoenvironnementales.
L’archéologie des villages et petites villes de l’Indre
Authors: Chimier Jean-Philippe , Livet Jérôme , Pichon Isabelle , Alilaire Pascal
Published: August 2023

Une archéologie des villages et petites villes actuels s’est développée dans le département de l’Indre depuis ces dernières années. Grâce à une problématisation affinée des opérations d’archéologie préventive et à l’évolution de la prescription, de l’espace effectivement détruit à celui de l’emprise totale de travaux, les interventions de terrain ont permis l’émergence de deux principaux thèmes de recherche : les occupations antérieures au Moyen Âge et les dynamiques des espaces funéraires. Le premier s’est aussi appuyé sur le PCR « Agglomérations secondaires antiques de la région Centre-Val de Loire » et le second sur un réseau informel d’étude des pôles ecclésiaux régionaux.
Du xiie au xxe siècle, une fresque historique à reconstituer à l’abbaye de Noirlac (Cher)
Authors: Kaurin Jenny , Poulle Pascal
Published: August 2023

La politique de prescription menée depuis la fin des années 2000 vise à mettre en cohérence l’apport de nombreuses décennies de recherche archéologique (fouilles anciennes puis préventives) sur un site emblématique. Les perspectives étaient triples : disposer de l’ensemble des éléments de décision pour accompagner le projet d’aménagement paysager ; valoriser l’apport de l’archéologie à la connaissance de Noirlac  ; penser un outil pouvant orienter la réflexion sur les aménagements futurs.
Détection de sites de la Préhistoire ancienne sur le chantier du contournement ouest de Strasbourg
Authors: Griselin Sylvain , Schneider Nathalie , Séara Frédéric
Published: August 2023

Les lœss alsaciens ont été identifiés de longue date pour leur potentiel de conservation d’occupations de la Préhistoire ancienne et d’enregistrement de données paléoenvironnementales. Pour la première fois, ils ont fait l’objet d’explorations systématiques, à la faveur du tracé linéaire du contournement ouest de Strasbourg. Inspiré de protocoles méthodologiques largement éprouvés dans le Nord de la France et contraints par les enjeux liés à la prescription de diagnostics dans le cadre de ce projet, plusieurs occurrences du Paléolithique ont été mises au jour. La mutualisation de compétences archéologiques, géoarchéologiques et bioarchéologiques a assuré l’obtention de tels résultats. Outre les références archéologiques obtenues, les nombreuses données acquises contribuent à la mise en place d’un référentiel chronostratigraphique indispensable pour inscrire efficacement la recherche en Préhistoire ancienne, en plein développement du point de vue régional.
Des diagnostics basés sur le calcul des probabilités en vallée de l’Ariège
Authors: Barbier Patrick , Cordier Laurent
Published: August 2023

La prescription de diagnostic contient souvent un pourcentage de surface à diagnostiquer, et laisse le choix de la méthode à l’équipe de terrain. La technique par sondages réguliers et systématiques s’est développée dans le nord de la France pour répondre au défi des grands aménagements puis s’est généralisée de façon informelle à tout le territoire national. On peut considérer qu’elle a fait ses preuves. Cependant, depuis 27 ans, nous avons expérimenté une méthode autre, basée sur des calculs de probabilités, qui nous a semblé plus intéressante. Elle a été particulièrement efficiente sur une zone s’étendant entre Pamiers au sud, Saverdun au nord-ouest (distantes d’environ 9 km) et Montaut à l’est (distante d’environ 6 km de chacune des deux autres) où plus 9188 sondages ont été effectués sur plusieurs années. En disposant ceux-ci de manière optimale, il a été possible non seulement de caractériser les vestiges, mais également de repérer des strates géologiques en relation avec les choix préférentiels d’habitat à des périodes différentes.
Les jeunes années de l’archéologie préventive en mer
Authors: Schaumasse Arnaud , Fontaine Souen
Published: August 2023

Grâce aux acquis méthodologiques des dernières années et à la clarification du cadre législatif et fiscal, une part non négligeable du patrimoine sous-marin susceptible d’être détruit par un aménagement ou l’exploitation de la mer, a été rendue lisible. Il reste toutefois un saut qualitatif comme quantitatif à faire pour conforter dans le paysage scientifique, sous les eaux comme elle l’est sur terre, une archéologie préventive définitivement libérée des charges et des pratiques du sauvetage. Aux enjeux de l’archéologie préventive en mer font écho ceux de celle opérée dans les eaux intérieures, fluviales et lacustres. Bien qu’elle n’ait pas connu les mêmes aléas normatifs, elle accuse un même retard dans son application, des difficultés d’instruction des dossiers à la mise en œuvre de terrain. Composantes essentielles de nos paysages, les cours d’eau et les étendues d’eau ont été exploités, aménagés, empruntés et franchis à travers les âges. La dynamique d’aménagements prévus pour la décennie en cours va nécessairement avoir un impact fort sur des sites archéologiques encore méconnus, quand ils ne sont pas simplement invisibilisés, que seule une action concertée — et renforcée par des moyens conséquents — des différents acteurs de l’archéologie et de l’inventaire du patrimoine permettra de prendre en compte.
Le secteur de Pontcharaud à Clermont-Ferrand. Anthropisation de la Grande Limagne d’Auvergne du vie à la fin du ier millénaire avant notre ère
Authors: Delrieu Fabien
Published: August 2023

Le secteur de Pontcharaud (Clermont-Ferrand) est localisé sur la marge septentrionale de la Grande Limage d’Auvergne. Très tôt étudié par l’archéologie préventive, il a livré une abondante documentation archéologique. Dès le Néolithique ancien, la présence d’un des seuls habitats connus en Basse Auvergne pour cette période a permis d’attester que ce secteur était bien situé aux confins des deux principaux courants de néolithisation. Par la suite, l’occupation de cette zone a connu une forte anthropisation, continue et recoupant à la fois des manifestations funéraires comme au Néolithique moyen 1 et domestiques comme au Néolithique final ou encore au Bronze ancien. À l’aube de la romanisation, ce secteur a été aménagé de manière intense aux IIe-Ier siècles avant notre ère en étant intégré à l’importante agglomération gauloise d’Aulnat-Gandaillat. L’ensemble de ces éléments confère à cette zone un statut, rare dans la région, d’observatoire sur le temps long de l’anthropisation s’étant développée dans la Grande Limagne d’Auvergne.
Un bouquet d’enclos sur le site des Pierrailleuses à Saint-Symphorien (Deux-Sèvres)
Authors: Kerouanton Isabelle
Published: August 2023

Le projet d’extension du parc d’activités économiques des Pierrailleuses à Saint-Symphorien a permis de réaliser la fouille intégrale d’un ensemble d’une cinquantaine d’enclos circulaires protohistoriques. L’organisation spatiale du site, la rareté des sépultures, l’examen des comblements des fossés ou bien encore le dépôt de bois de cerf sont autant d’éléments qui permettent de rouvrir le dossier du statut de ces sites à enclos agglomérés.
Nouveaux questionnements à l’occasion de la restauration de l’amphithéâtre de Nîmes
Authors: Pellé Richard
Published: August 2023

Une restauration d’envergure a lieu depuis 2009 sur l’amphithéâtre de Nîmes. À ce projet, qui devrait durer jusqu’en 2034, est associée l’étude de bâti du monument, réalisée par l’Inrap. Des sondages archéologiques ou des fouilles ponctuelles ont aussi été réalisés dans le sous-sol ou dans la structure. Ces recherches renouvellent les connaissances de ces grands édifices de spectacle, tant d’un aspect constructif (techniques et mise en œuvre, vie du chantier, etc.) que concernant son vécu comme édifice de spectacle (organisation des spectacles et des coulisses, placement des spectateurs, graffitis) ou comme lieu de pouvoir médiéval ou quartier urbain moderne. La découverte d’un édifice antérieur témoigne de l’importance des jeux et des chasses pour les habitants gallo-romains de la cité, dès le début du ier siècle de notre ère.
Redécouverte de la cathédrale paléochrétienne et médiévale de Marseille
Authors: Bouiron Marc , Paone Françoise
Published: August 2023

Classée en 1840 sur la première liste des Monuments historiques, la cathédrale médiévale de la Vieille Major est partiellement détruite au profit d’un édifice plus majestueux voulu par Napoléon III. Les études archéologiques et documentaires menées depuis les années 1990 révèlent l’évolution de cet édifice depuis les premiers temps chrétiens au sein de l’urbanisme antique puis médiéval.
Le complexe archéologique d’Aléria. De l’archéologie préventive au musée
Authors: Tristani Julia , Bontempi Jean-Michel , Vidal Laurent
Published: August 2023

Redonner au musée d’Aléria une dimension à la hauteur de sa collection constituée depuis les années 1950 apparaît comme une évidence. Un long, mais nécessaire, travail préalable a été mené, permettant la mise en place des structures destinées à la bonne marche du triptyque étude / conservation / valorisation. Il s’est concrétisé, notamment, par l’ouverture en 2014 de l’un des premiers Centres de Conservation et d’Études (CCE). Au cours des années à venir, la collection d’Aléria sera remise dans son contexte à la lumière des découvertes récentes, recréant le lien, pour la période étrusque notamment, entre les nécropoles et les zones dédiées à l’habitat et aux productions. Les relations entretenues par les opérateurs de terrain et les gestionnaires patrimoniaux au cours de ces travaux permettent immédiatement d’intégrer les résultats de ces derniers dans une démarche d’exploitation scientifique des collections « anciennes » du musée et de conservation pérenne des nouveaux mobiliers mis au jour par l’archéologie préventive. Ceci nécessite d’évaluer le potentiel archéologique du riche sous-sol du hameau du Fort de Matra et des demandes de diagnostics anticipés ont été adressées à la Drac de Corse. Cette intense activité impliquera au cours des mois et années à venir une interaction à nouveau très riche entre les acteurs de l’archéologie préventive et ceux de l’univers muséal.
Symptomatology and Clinical Features of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: El Khiat Abdelaati , El-Mansoury Bilal , Ali Driss Ait , El Koutbi Mohamed , Kaoutar Kamal , Hamdan Youssef Ait , El Houate Brahim , Tamegart Lahcen , Smimih Kamal , Hakam Adnane , Kissani Najib , Gamrani Halima
Published: August 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease representing the most common movement disorder worldwide. It is characterized clinically by its cardinal motor features: bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability, and resting tremor. The clinical diagnosis of PD is mainly based on the presence of these motor symptoms which differentiate it from the other forms of parkinsonism. However, recently other symptoms known as non-motor symptoms (NMS) are ginning attention because of their negative outcome on PD patients, and they are now included in the clinical diagnosis of the disease. Current lines treatments are generally based on DA replacement and are associated with significant alleviation of motor symptoms and some NMS. However, such treatments have not been shown to decrease or halt the disease progression. Moreover, as the disease progresses, these symptomatic treatments can worsen the disease diagnosis and management.
Parkinson's Disease Related to Food and Nutrition
Authors: Pambu Aaron , Carlo Kalala Mpiana , Nadege Zakuani Luzinga , Gedeon Bongo Ngiala , Theophile Mbemba Fundu
Published: August 2023

Ageing diseases are characterized by the deterioration of homeostatic processes over time, leading to the functional decline and increased risk for diseases like neurodegenerative diseases. Among them stands Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent epidemiological studies have revealed the promise of some nutrients in reducing the risk of PD. In contrast, other nutrients may be involved with the etiology of neurodegeneration or exacerbate disease progression. Taken together, it is important to demonstrate the role of nutrition on the disease susceptibility and progression. Here, the authors investigate the role of epigenetic modification in ageing processes with an emphasis on the role of oxidative stress. They finish with examples of plant foods containing natural antioxidant beneficial for PD prevention.
Chitosan and Its Derivatives as Potential Neuro-Protective Agents for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Hamdan Youssef Ait , Elouali Samia , Ben Maloui Abdelali , El-Mansoury Bilal , Oudadesse Hassane , Rhazi Mohammed
Published: August 2023

Although Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disorder, it faces a lack of credible medications, treatments, and diagnostics. Many current conventional substances are designed as anti-Parkinson's drugs, but their poor brain transfer across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and bioavailability are a problem. Recently, chitosan (CTS) and its derivatives from arthropod exoskeletons have attracted much attention because of their neuroprotective effects and their ability to transport therapeutic substances across the BBB. CTS and its derivatives have the ability to inhibit apoptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. In addition to these properties, CTS nanoparticles constitute a system for the controlled delivery of therapeutic molecules across the BBB. This chapter will focus on the neuroprotective effects of CTS and its derivatives and their applications in the delivery of certain therapeutic substances.
A Novel Phishing Attack Prediction Model With Crowdsouring in Wireless Networks
Authors: Subramanian Senthilkumar , Venkatachalam Nithya , Rajendran Regan
Published: August 2023

As the web and applications for knowledge technology developed, many attacks and security problems started to emerge. The last couple of years have seen a significant development in 6G wireless networking. It is challenging to create a secure wireless network. In phishing attacks on wireless networks, attackers create phishing websites that allow users to enter personal information such as usernames, passwords, security numbers, and credit card details. Phishing emails that contain links to websites that are used to spread malware. This project suggests a real time phishing detection plug-in for the web browser which uses a random forest classifier to identify and notify users. As a result, the consumer can get an alert right away. The suggested systems specify wireless phishing attack detection in the current context and produce superior results. The authors proposed 18 traits in order to cover every aspect of phish behavior. With the help of an accepted dataset, the suggested phishing detection system was trained.
Data Controlling and Security Issues in Cloud
Authors: Kumari Anisha , Patra Manoj Kumar , Sahoo Bibhudatta
Published: August 2023

Cloud computing has been the most demanding technology in the last decade, which several organizations have widely adopted. Most enterprise applications and data are migrated to the public or hybrid cloud due to the ease of access and infrastructure facilities provided by the cloud provider. One significant issue in the cloud environment is the security and data controlling mechanism, which needs to be focused on for better service quality. Users usually hesitate to use public cloud services due to privacy and security concerns about the personal data they want to process online. Unlike standard cloud computing notions, serverless computing does not expose the infrastructure or platforms on which the services operate to the end-user. Clients only have to worry about the application's business logic, and the service provider usually takes care of everything, including configuration, infrastructure provision, servers, etc. In this chapter, the authors have discussed several cloud computing issues regarding data security and data controlling mechanisms.
Deep Learning-Based Cancer Detection Technique
Authors: Ahamad Shahanawaj , Veeraiah Vivek , Ramesh J. V. N. , Rajadevi R. , Reeja S. R. (3c24e765-ddec-44be-a352-9c454dfd3acf  , Pramanik Sabyasachi , Gupta Ankur
Published: August 2023

The time is now for deep learning (DL)-dependent analysis of healthcare images to move from the realm of exploratory research projects to that of translational ones, and eventually into clinical practise. This process has been sped up by developments in data availability, DL methods, and computer power over the last decade. As a result of this experience, the authors now know more about the potential benefits and drawbacks of incorporating DL into clinical treatment, two factors that, in the authors' opinion, will propel progress in this area over the next several years. The most significant of these difficulties are the widespread need of strength of commonly utilized DL training approaches to various pervasive pathological properties of healthcare images and storages, the need of an properly digitised environment in hospitals, and the need of sufficient open datasets on which DL approaches may be trained and tested.