bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-similar traffic analysis at network layer level. Part II: Application
Authors: Millán Ginno
Published: March 2021

In previous work has been proposed, and theoretically confirmed, that the self-similar whit long-range dependence traffic flows may be limited to the network layer. In this paper applies this novel concept to the study of traffic recorded in an IEEE 802.3u network environment whit the aim to prove their validity as a simply and efficient tool for high speed computer network traffic flows analysis.
Recalibrating our tools? Analysing the congruence between instruments to measure the supply- and demand sides of populism
Authors: Olivas-Osuna José Javier , Rama José
Published: March 2021

This article examines the congruence between measurements of the demand and the supply-sides of populism. Theoretically voters exhibiting a higher degree of populist attitudes and beliefs are expected to be more prone to support parties classified as populist. However, this hypothesis has not been systematically tested in the literature. Our analysis based on the Comparative Studies of Electoral Systems (CSES Module 5) dataset, suggests that this expected congruence between ‘populist’ attitudes and likelihood of voting for ‘populist parties’ is only partial. We identify three main potential causes of such mismatch which should be taken into consideration when developing future tools to capture populism: (i) problems with the choice and design of attitudinal items; (ii) problems in the assessment of parties; (iii) instrument biases which make them more effective with some particular varieties of populism.
WAVE FUNCTION TO PARTITION FUNCTION: A CORRELATION
Authors: DATTA JAYDIP
Published: March 2021

In this note the statistical thermodynamics is correlated to wave function through mathematical probability. The note can be subdivided into two following portions.STATISTICS -THE BASIC OF STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS: A CORRELATION and PROBABILITY -A THE BASICS OF WAVE FUNCTION .Randomisation , Wave Function , Probability Density Function , Multiplicative Probability , Partition function , Correlation ( K.P ) coefficient , Probability , Weights , Stirling’s Approximation. Updated to Boltzmann -sigmoid function .
Differential expression of the E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UBE2T in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 T, UBE2T, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. UBE2T was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer. UBE2T mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of UBE2T in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with basal and luminal A subtype cancer, but in a contrary manner. UBE2T may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Penerapan Asuhan Keperawatan Jiwa Pada Ny. W Dengan Masalah Isolasi Sosial
Authors: Sikutiro Hikmah
Published: March 2021

Dampak dari penderita Isolasi sosial yaitu dia akan menarik diri, sulit berinteraksi dengan orang lain, kurangnya kemampuan dalam melakukan sosial, apatis terhadap lingkungan dan masyarakat, suka curiga kepada orang lain, dan juga merasa tidak tertarik dengan segala aktivitas yang sifatnya menghibur.
Application of Mental Nursing Care For Mr.K with Risk of Violence Behavior
Authors: hermanisa yola
Published: March 2021

Violent behavior is a response to stress faced by a person, this response can cause harm to oneself, others, and the environment. A person who experiences violent behavior often shows behavioral changes such as threatening, rowdy, unable to keep quiet, pacing, restless, loud voice intonation, tense expression, speaking with enthusiasm, aggressiveness, high tone of voice and excessive joy.
Differential expression of WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1, WISP1, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. WISP1 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of WISP1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with luminal A type cancer. WISP1 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Shared Education as a Contact-Based Intervention to Improve Intergroup Relations Among Adolescents in Post-Conflict Northern Ireland
Authors: Reimer Nils Karl , Hughes Joanne , Blaylock Danielle Lea , Donnelly Caitlin , Wölfer Ralf , Hewstone Miles
Published: March 2021

Past research has shown that intergroup contact can be a promising intervention to improve intergroup relations and that contact-based interventions might be most effective during adolescence. In post-conflict Northern Ireland, widespread residential segregation and a largely separate school system limit opportunities for intergroup contact between adolescents from the Catholic and Protestant communities. We evaluated whether a large-scale intervention to facilitate intergroup contact between students attending separate schools (the ‘Shared Education’ program) improves a range of outcomes relevant for intergroup relations in Northern Ireland. We conducted a five-wave longitudinal, quasi-experimental study that followed a large sample of school students (*N* = 5,159, *M* = 12.4, age range: 10–14 years; 2,988 girls, 2,044 boys) from 56 predominantly Catholic or Protestant schools from sixth to tenth grade. We compared the developmental trajectories of students who, in ninth (14–15 years) and tenth (15–16 years) grade, shared some classes with students from the other community, as part of the program, to students who did not. We found that participating in shared classes had a medium-size, positive effect on the amount of intergroup contact students had outside of class, and small, positive effects on students’ outgroup attitudes, outgroup trust, and intergroup empathy (but not on their intergroup anxiety, future contact intentions, deprovincialization, or multicultural beliefs). Our findings show that a school-based program of shared education can provide a viable and effective intervention to facilitate intergroup contact, improve intergroup relations, and foster social integration among adolescents at a large scale in a post-conflict society.
Persistence is futile: Chasing of past performance in repeated investment choices
Authors: Weiss-Cohen Leonardo , Newall Philip Warren Stirling , Ayton Peter
Published: March 2021

When deciding where to invest, individuals choose mutual funds based on recent past performance, despite standard mandated disclaimers that "past performance does not guarantee future results." Investors would receive better long-term returns by choosing funds with lower fees. We explored the impact of fees and past performance on realistic mutual fund selections across three preregistered repeated choice experiments (N=1,600), while manipulating the presence of disclaimers between-participants. Participants persistently chased past performance despite the opportunity to learn about the futility of this strategy during sixty repeated decisions with feedback. The standard regulatory-mandated disclaimer did not help most participants, compared to giving no advice at all, and was even counter-productive for participants with low levels of financial literacy. An alternative disclaimer which explicitly highlighted the advantages of fee minimization reliably helped participants. We show how individuals who lack both financial literacy and prior investment experience are the most susceptible to making poor mutual fund choices, and can benefit the most from behavioral interventions such as the new disclaimer tested here. We discuss how these results generalize into real-world investment decisions, and how to design more efficient disclaimers that can be used beyond investment choices.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Smartphone-Based Well-Being Training in Public School System Employees During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hirshberg Matthew James , Frye Corrina , Dahl Cortland J. , Riordan Kevin M , Vack Nate , Sachs Jane , Goldman Robin I. , Davidson Richard , Goldberg Simon
Published: March 2021

While the extraordinary pressures of the COVID-19 pandemic on student mental health have received considerable attention, less attention has been placed on the well-being of educators. School system employees play a vital role in society, and teacher levels of well-being are associated with the educational outcomes of young people. We extend extant research on the prevalence and correlates of educator distress during the pandemic by reporting on a pragmatic randomized wait-list controlled trial (N=662; 64% teachers) of an innovative mental health promotion strategy implemented during the pandemic; a freely available four-week smartphone-based meditation app designed to train key constituents of well-being (Healthy Minds Program; HMP). Following our preregistered analysis plan and consistent with hypotheses, assignment to the HMP predicted significantly larger reductions in psychological distress, our primary outcome, at post-intervention (Cohen’s d=-0.52, 95% confidence interval [-0.68, -0.37], p<.001) and at the three-month follow-up (d=-0.33 [-0.48, -0.18], p<.001). Also consistent with hypotheses, we observed similar indications of immediate and sustained benefit following the HMP on all six preregistered secondary outcomes selected to tap skills targeted in the app (e.g., perseverative thinking, social connection, well-being; absolute ds=0.19-0.42, all ps<.031 corrected). We found no evidence for elevated adverse events and the HMP was equally effective among participants with elevated baseline anxiety and depressive symptoms. These data suggest that the HMP may be an effective and scalable approach to supporting the mental health and well-being of teachers and other school system employees, with implications for employee retention and performance, and student outcomes.
Emotion Judgement Task
Authors: Wang Qi
Published: March 2021

This document provides a description of the Emotion Judgment Task that was developed and used by Qi Wang and her Culture & Cognition Lab at Cornell.
PEMBERDAYAAN SOSIAL DALAM PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA DI PEKON KILUAN NEGRI, KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS, PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Purnomo Agustina
Published: March 2021

Konsep ekowisata menekankan pada pengelolaan wisata berbasis masyarakat lokal dengan salah satu tujuan utamanya adalah pemberdayaan sosial masyarakat lokal. Pemberdayaan sosial mengacu pada pendekatan yang dilakukan oleh Scheyvens (1999) meliputi partisipasi masyarakat lokal dalam pengelolaan ekowisata, alokasi hasil pengembangan ekowisata untuk masyarakat lokal dan tidak adanya indikasi kegagalan pengembangan ekowisata. Berdasarkan kerangka ini, penelitian di Pekon Kiluan Negri dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, pengamatan dan focuss group discussion. Penelitian dilakukan selama satu bulan pada masa sepi dan ramai kunjungan. Mayarakat pekon Kiluan Negri diambil sebagai batasan masyarakat lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara umum telah ada partisipasi masyarakat, ada alokasi hasil pengembangan ekowisata untuk masyarakat dan penilaian negatif dari masyarakat untuk unsur kegagalan. Partisipasi belum melibatkan perempuan, anak dan unsur masyarakat yang tidak terlibat dalam LSM, bukan aparat desa dan tokoh desa serta bukan penyedia layanan wisata. Keterbukaan alokasi hasil pengembangan ekowisata juga masih ditanyakan peruntukannya oleh masyarakat pada kelompok ini. Ini menunjukkan masih diperlukannya pelibatan masyarakat secara menyeluruh dan keterbukaan pengelolaan dana hasil pengembangan ekowisata
Tama Galut Etiopiya: The Ethiopian Exile Is Over
Authors: Kaplan Steven
Published: March 2021

On Saturday 25 May 1991 at 4:00 p.m., an Israeli radio announcer opened his reading of the news bulletin with a portentous announcement: “Tama galut Etiopiya [The Ethiopian exile has ended].” Doubtless this newsreader and many others would have been surprised if they had been told that over the next seventeen years more than 30,000 additional Ethiopians would arrive in Israel, and that thousands more would remain in Ethiopia, waiting to come to Israel. My focus in this essay is not the seemingly inexhaustible pool of potential immigrants remaining in Ethiopia but, rather, the perception of the Ethiopian migration to Israel as the end of an exile rather than the beginning of a diaspora.
“Even If the Only Thing for Me to Do Here Was to Milk Cows”: Portuguese Emigrant Descendant Returnees from Canada Narrate Pre-return Desires and Motivations
Authors: Sardinha João
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the pre-return desires and preparatory steps of the descendants of Portuguese immigrants in Canada who have returned to Portugal. Based on ethnographic fieldwork carried out from June 2008 to May 2011 in Portugal, the study draws from the narratives of twenty returnees, scrutinizing home-country/host-country interactions and negotiations, the maintenance of ancestral homeland contacts, and network building. I analyze how these are sustained via family, community, technology, and return visits. I show that, even though these descendants drew their return aspirations from both close diasporic proximity (in Canada) and faraway locations (in Portugal), the factors that induced a “return” mobility were seldom uniform among the participants. The article thus sets out to discuss the influences and motivations that created feelings of belonging and spiritual proximity to a land, a society, and a lifestyle that, in some cases, were highly valued and often glorified right from an early age within the collective settings of family and diasporic community and, in others, constructed individually at later stages through self-searching mechanisms.
The Myth and Reality of “Return” — Diaspora in the “Homeland”
Authors: Kasbarian Sossie
Published: March 2021

The contemporary Armenian diaspora is spread throughout the world, with its core composed of descendants of the survivors of the atrocities carried out by the Turkish authorities during the decline of the Ottoman Empire (1881-1922). The majority of this established diaspora hails from what was once western Armenia and is now eastern Turkey, in contrast to the newest wave of Armenian economic migrants, who come from portions of eastern historical Armenia ruled by the czarist and then Soviet empires and who left following the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. Unlike the new migrants, the older diasporans have to negotiate the gap between a mythical homeland and an actual “step-homeland” in the shape of the present Republic of Armenia. This background goes some way to explain why there was been very little “return” migration to Armenia by diasporans. Nonetheless, a very small number of diasporans have actually taken up the option of “return” in the sense of relocating to Armenia. I have termed this trend a particular kind of “sojourning,” located in the conceptual space in between migrant and visitor. The concept of sojourn reflects the increased mobility and flexibility of both the theory and practice of diaspora, challenging the traditional triadic framework of homeland diaspora-host state through which diasporas have been approached. This article plots the evolving and complex relationship of diaspora and “homeland” on the ground, specifically through the experiences of diasporans who have made the move to live in Armenia for varying periods of time. It analyzes and articulates the experiences of these individuals and views them as a counter-community that re-imagines and expands the “homeland” while embodying the transnational. This movement represents identity shaping from below, which does not subvert state categories of belonging (and in fact can reinforce them) but transgresses and expands the boundaries of these categories in practice and in the imagining of the “transnation.”
Yetenek Yönetiminin İnovasyona Etkisi: İstanbul İlinde Endüstriyel Mutfak Sektöründe Bir Uygulama
Authors: İRGE Necmiye Tülin , YALÇIN Yüksel , UYSAL Yaşar
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada, yetenek faktörü ile inovasyon ilişkisi incelenerek, işletmelerde yeteneğin inovasyon süreçlerinde daha güçlü bir geliştirme aracı olarak kullanılmasına katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır. Kavramsal olarak, 1980’li yıllarda kullanılmaya başlamış olan inovasyonun, 2000’li yıllardan itibaren işletmelerin performans yönetimlerinde etkin bir yönetim aracı olduğu gözlemlenmektedir. Son yıllarda ürün ve hizmet alanındaki yeniliklerin pazarda sürükleyici rol üstlenmesinin, inovasyonu stratejik açıdan işletmelerin var olma sebebine dönüştürdüğü görülmektedir. İşletmelerin stratejik rekabeti açısından en değerli kaynaklarından biri olan insan kaynağının daha verimli yönetilmesi gerekliliğinden hareketle, bu kaynağın çekirdek yapısını oluşturan yetenek, saha araştırmasının konularından biri olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışmada tercih edilen endüstriyel mutfak sektörü ise günümüzde yiyecek, içecek ve ikram sektörünün sürekli gelişmesiyle, bu ürünlerde çok fonksiyonluluk, enerji tasarrufu, çevre hassasiyeti, ergonomik üstünlükler ve servis dostu gibi niteliklerle inovasyonun stratejik üstünlük haline gelmesi öngörüldüğünden seçilmiştir. Araştırma 2019 yılının Eylül ve Aralık ayları arasında, kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile, İstanbul ili Avrupa yakasında endüstriyel mutfak ekipmanları sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir firmada çalışan 218 kişi üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS 22 programında ölçek geçerlilik ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan basit ve çoklu regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre; yetenek yönetimi değişkeninin inovasyon değişkenini anlamlı bir şekilde etkilediği ortaya konmuştur.
Sosyal Medyada Kurumsal Kimlik: Türk Finans Sektöründeki Sosyal Ağlar Üzerine Bir Analiz
Authors: AKINCI VURAL Zekiye Beril , SAYAT Aslı , ÇAVUŞ Duygu
Published: March 2021

Günümüz dijital çağında yaşanan değişim ve dönüşümler, insanlar arasındaki iletişim süreçlerinin de değişmesine sebep olmaktadır. Bu durum kurumların da hedef kitleleriyle iletişime geçme yöntemlerindeki değişimleri beraberinde getirmektedir. Yaşanan bu değişimler kurumsal kimliğin yansıtılacağı sanal ortamları ortaya çıkarırken diğer yandan kurumsal iletişim süreçlerinin geçmişe kıyasla daha kolay yönetilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu süreçte, bankacılık sektörü gibi rekabetin yoğun olduğu pazar ortamlarında kurumlar fark yaratıp kurumsal kimliklerini hedef kitleye aktarma süreçlerinde sosyal medya ortamlarını kullanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da bankacılık sektöründe faaliyet gösteren kurumların kimliklerini sosyal medya üzerinden nasıl aktardıklarının ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. www.boomsocial.com sitesinde yer alan “Brands Top 100” listesindeki verilere göre finans sektöründe önde gelen iki markanın (Ziraat Bankası, Garanti Bankası) Facebook, Instagram ve Twitter hesapları ele alınmıştır. Örneklem olarak seçilen bankaların sosyal medya hesapları iki farklı model esas alınarak oluşturulan kodlama tablolarıyla 1-30 Kasım 2017 tarihleri arasında analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular çerçevesinde, Ziraat Bankası sosyal medyada kurumsal kimliğini daha etkin şekilde yansıtırken Garanti Bankası’nın ise tüketiciyle birebir iletişime geçmede daha aktif bir profil sergilediği sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır.
A review on the performance of the underground tunnels against blast loading
Authors: Senthil Kasilingam , Sethi Muskaan , Pelecanos Loizos
Published: March 2021

The tunneling system has become an important part of the present infrastructure system in all over the world. Therefore, it has become important to ensure the safety of the tunnels against any type of man-made blasting activities or other accidental blasting occurrence. In order to evaluate the performance of the tunnels against blast loading, a detailed review is carried out. Based on the review in the last couple of decades, the various parameters such as tunnel lining materials, tunnel shapes, tunnel lining thickness, tunnel burial depth, charge weight and standoff distance are high influences on the performance of underground tunnels against blast loading. It was observed that the tunnel roof and the tunnel wall center are most vulnerable to the blast loads. Also, it was found that more of the tunnel lining thickness results in lesser deformation at the tunnel roof and the tunnel wall center. The increase in the burial depth of the tunnel would reduce the extent of damage to the tunnel caused by effects of surface blast loading. The stiffness and strength of the ground media may be enhanced against the effects of blast loading by grouting measures. The studies revealed that the lining materials possessing blast waves absorbing properties can be best suited to be used in tunnel linings. Further, it was observed that more damage was caused to the tunnels due to the magnitude of the charge weight. An increase in the blast load causes a significant increase in the fracture area, residual stress and lateral displacement caused to the tunnel by the action of blast load. The standoff distance of the blast load from the tunnel also plays a significant role in the damage of the tunnel. More is the distance between the charge and the tunnel, lesser damage caused to the tunnels. In addition to that, the lining thickness was predicted and the trend was calibrated and fitted logarithmically with the available results. Based on the observation from the literature, it is concluded that the use of a single lining material in the tunnel against blast loading was studied predominantly in the couple of decades. Further, the performance of the tunnels in combination of different tunnel lining materials against blast loading was found limited. The influence of barriers to save the underground tunnels against blast loading was found limited.
The stress analysis of a shear wall with matrix displacement method using rectangular finite element
Authors: Ergün Mustafa , Ateş Şevket
Published: March 2021

The aim in this study is to numerically present some characteristic features of the rectangular finite element using the matrix displacement method and to show the utility of this element in plane stress problems compared to the finite element method. The paper consisted of three parts. In the first part, all of the finite element formulation steps from choosing the convenient coordinate system to creating element stiffness matrix are presented respectively. In the second part of the study, a static finite element analysis of the shear wall is also made by ANSYS Mechanical APDL. In the final part, the results (displacements, strains and stresses) obtained from the previous parts are compared with each other by the help of tables and graphics. The results show that this method is effective and preferable for the stress analysis of shell structures. Further studies should be conducted in order to indicate the efficiency of the matrix displacement method for the solution of different types of plane stress problems using different finite elements.
Does work discipline affected by the working environment and work motivation?
Authors: Rizky Taohid Muhammad Gilang , Aji Sujai R. Achmad Drajat , Nugraha Nugi Mohammad
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Human resources are the main factor, because with their main importance, namely as the activator and determinant of the agency, which is in charge of regulating the agency nets from start to finish. Even though the position of human resources in an agency is central, human resources themselves have many limitations and shortcomings that the agencies must pay attention to, so that human resources themselves are maximized in carrying out their duties assigned by the agencies themselves. Work discipline is one of the determining factors for the success of achieving the goals of an agency / company. Good employee discipline will accelerate company goals, while degenerating discipline will become a barrier and slow down the achievement of company goals.
Aims and Task. This study aims to analyze and describe the influence of the work environment and motivation on the Work Discipline of the State Civil Apparatus, Panyileukan District. The population is 60 State Civil Servants, Panyileukan District, Bandung City. The method used in this research is descriptive and verification methods with a quantitative approach, in which the analysis uses the SPSS version 20 program package.
Results. Based on the calculation results show that the variables of work environment and motivation to work discipline. Adjusted R square 0.336 shows that the influence of these two variables is 33.6% and the remaining 66.4% is influenced by other factors described by the researcher. Through the results of partial hypothesis testing, it is found that the work environment has a significant effect on Work Discipline Adjusted R by 0.333, indicating that the Work Environment has an influence of 33.3% and the remaining 76.7% is influenced by other factors, while motivation has a significant effect on discipline Adjusted R work of 0.014 shows that motivation has an influence of 1.4% while the remaining 98.6% is influenced by other factors.
Conclusion. This study provides an insight that the work environment and motivation have a significant effect on work discipline, which means that work discipline will follow the work environment, and motivation is the same as a work environment that is constant.
A Literature Review of Localized Mediastinal Mesothelioma and a Rare Case Report
Authors: Xiao Qiang Meng , Zhang Meng , Du Fengjun , Peng Hui , Chen Jun , Liu Hailong
Published: March 2021

Background: Primary localized mediastinal mesothelioma is a rare tumour which accounts for about 0.7% of all mesotheliomas. The mesothelial cells lining of the pericardium are suggested as the most probable cells of origin. Mediastinal pleural mesothelioma are distinctly uncommon, which has only been reported in a single case. Case presentation: We report a case of a 57 years old man with primary mediastinal pleural mesothelioma involving middle and posterior upper mediastinum, one months following surgery, the patient is alive with good performance status. Chest plain scan and contrast-enhanced computer tomography（CT）scan showed a 43 mm×36 mm×36 mm tumor，with a CT value of about 41.5 HU, an arterial phase CT value of about 59.8HU and a venous phase CT value of about 77.5HU during the contrast-contrast-enhanced scan.Patients underwent thoracotomy.The pathological diagnosis was derived from malignant pleural mesothelioma(MPM) growing from the chest wall into the mediastinum. Conclusions Imaging manifestations of tumors have rarely been described in the literature. A short review of literature on MPM is given and summarize the imaging characteristics.
Colorectal Lesions among Sudanese Patient Attending for Endoscopy-multi Center Study
Authors: Mohammed Mukhtar Ashwag , Hussein Tarig Mohamad , Abbas Amin , Abdelaziz Mutaz SalahEldin , Alhaboob Nasir , Gady Elsagad Eltayeb , ElHassan Lamya
Published: March 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most significant causes of cancer death. With records of high incidence and late detection of the disease in Sudan, and it was found to affect younger age groups.Methods: This study aimed to explore the incidence of colorectal lesions in the main endoscopic centers in Khartoum state- Sudan. It was a cross-sectional prospective study; data were collected from patients attending the main endoscopic centers in Sudan- Khartoum state during February 2013 to June 2014 including Khartoum teaching hospital, Neelain medical diagnostic center and Ibn sina hospital. Results: One hundred and six participants were diagnosed endoscopically with colorectal lesions, 44 (41.5%) showed inflammatory mucosa, 40 (37.7 %) showed tumor and 22 (20.7%) had polyps. In the whole group of patients the mean age was 45.7 years, 34.2% of tumor patients were less than 50 years old, 46.8% of the lesions were in the rectum, the highest frequency of tumor patients group were from western tribes, and the lesions were located commonly in the rectum. Conclusion: We concluded that the rectum is the most common site of cancer within the Sudanese population than other parts of the colon with apparently high incidence within young ages.
Awareness of Oral Cancer and OPMDs among Patients Attending the University Dental Hospital, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Authors: D. Somathunga E. A. Shanika , H. Dissanayaka D. M. Sithara , L.  Ratnayake D. R. Dilini , Jayasinghe Ruwan D.
Published: March 2021

Objective: To assess awareness of oral cancer and OPMDs among patients attending for dental treatment at the University Dental Hospital, Peradeniya. Methods and materials: A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from 500 randomly selected outpatients attended the University Dental Hospital, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. The questionnaire included questions to ascertain information on socio-demographic parameters, awareness of oral cancer and OPMDs, habits of betel chewing, smoking and alcohol consumption.Results: 43.2% of the respondents were satisfactorily aware of the possibility of occurrence of oral cancer and OPMDs. From all the individuals who were participated to this questionnaire, 16 (3.2%) of individuals have a habit of betel chewing, 4.2% of individuals have a habit of smoking and 8.3% of individuals have a habit of alcohol consumption, respectively while having a satisfactory awareness about oral cancer and OPMDs. Conclusions: This survey revealed that most of the patients attending the hospital were not in a satisfied level of awareness about oral cancer and OPMDs. Knowledge about the causal relationships with betel chewing was low compared to tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption.
Prevalence of H. pylori Infection in Relatives of Peruvian Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Castillo Miluska , Bernabe Luis A. , Castaneda Carlos A. , Suarez Nancy , Barreda Fernando , Valdivia Daniel , Ruiz Eloy , Nieves Jais , Dias-Neto Emmanuel , Landa-Baella Maria , Montano-Flores Jennifer , Chavez Ivan
Published: March 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in relatives and patients with gastric cancer (GC).Methods: H. pylori infection was evaluated by the breath urease test in 171 relatives and by qPCR technique in gastric tissue of 61 patients (n=45 for GC and n=16 for non-GC). Results: There were included 137 relatives of GC patients and 34 of non-GC. The median age of the relatives of patients with a gastric tissue sample was 39 years (10-86). Infection was found in 60.2% (n=103) relatives. There were no higher H. pylori infection rates in relatives of patients with gastric cancer (62% vs 62.9%, p=0.33), H. pylori infection (60% vs 60%, p=0.96), or metaplasia (58.8% vs 61.8%, p=0.71). Conclusion: The prevalence of infection in relatives of GC patients is high in our population but not associated with H. pylori presence in the paired case.
Methylprednisolone Acetate Versus Dexamethasone Injection for Trigger Finger: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Suwanno Porames , Chuaychoosakoon Chaiwat
Published: March 2021

Objective: The study investigated the resolution of triggering by either a soluble methylprednisolone acetate or dexamethasone injection for idiopathic trigger finger at 24-week after injection.Material and Methods: One hundred and six patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial (53 methylprednisolone acetate arms, 53 dexamethasone arms). The outcome was evaluated at 2, 6, 12 and 24-week follow-up.Results: The absence of triggering was documented in 32 of 43, 36 of 41 patients in the methylprednisolone cohort and in 20 of 43, 29 of 32 patients in the dexamethasone cohort at 6 and 24-week after injection. The methylprednisolone acetate cohort had significantly better satisfaction on a visual analog scale, tenderness, and locking at 2-week follow-up, and had significantly better satisfaction on resolution of triggering, tenderness, snapping, locking and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score at 6-week follow-up compared to those in the dexamethasone cohort.Conclusion: Methylprednisolone acetate is better in short term clinical outcomes than dexamethasone
GARLAND CHRYSANTHEMUM IS A PROMISING NEW MEDICINAL PLANT
Authors: Tarasova M. I.
Published: March 2021

A brief overview of the relevance of using garland chrysanthemum (Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Spach syn. Chrysanthemum coronarium (L.)) as a raw material in the preparation of medicaments is introduced in this article. High content of micro- and macroelements (K, Na, Ca, P, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, J) was found in garland chrysanthemum, as well as other biologically active compounds, of which anthraquinones (emodin, chrysophanol), flavonoids (quercetin, rutin), carotenoids and ascorbic acid (up to 56.0 mg%) can be considered the main ones, likewise vitamins B, PP and free amino acids (lysine, methionine, cysteine, histidine, arginine, threonine, serine, proline, glycine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine; nine of which are essential). These elements have a positive therapeutic effect on the cardiovascular system, the human gastrointestinal tract. The garland chrysanthemum is a very plastic and undemanding vegetable crop with medicinal properties. It is capable of growing on technogenic soils contaminated with cobalt, zinc and nickel, accumulating these elements to a lesser extent than traditional vegetable plants, which is very important in modern conditions. It is shown that in the conditions of the Moscow region it can be well grown by sowing seeds directly on field, continues to maintain the rhythms of growth and development, passes through all phenological phases and gives a stable high yield of green mass — up to 5.3 kg/m2, inflorescences — up to 1.4 kg/m2, seeds — up to 130.0 g/m2. Low laboratory and field germination of seeds up to 50 % has been established.
The Fustat al-‘adala: a Unique Manuscript on the Religious Landscape of Medieval Anatolia
Authors: De Nicola Bruno
Published: March 2021

The particularities in the political development of medieval Anatolia after the arrival of the Seljuq Turks in the eleventh century resulted in a singular scenario in which a long but steady process of Islamization transformed medieval Anatolia with the majority Christian population into a mostly Muslim territory by the end of the fifteenth century. However, this process of conflict and accommodation affected not only the different religions present in the peninsula but also those confessions that coexisted and competed with each another within each of these religions. The religious diversity of the 13thto 15thcent. Anatolia has also reflected its textual production. Several significant works onkalamandfiqh, in addition to a variety of Sufi texts, were produced during this period. These works often deal with dogma, practices or traditions of their religious confession. But, generally, they do not offer much information on other religious confessions. The manuscript held at the Bibliothèque National de France (Supplément Turc 1120) contains a work which has been identified by Osman Turan as theFustat al-‘adalaand attributed to a certain Muhammad b. Muhammad al-Khatib. The uniqueness of this work is that a part of it is occupied with describing the different ‘heresies’ that were present in Anatolia at the time when the author lived, which appears to be during the lifetime of the last Seljuq Sultan of Rum, Ghiyath al-din Mas‘ud (d. 1308 AD). This introduction will look at this manuscript from both a codicological and thematic perspective. On the one hand, I will discuss certain aspects related to the production of the codex, its authorship and potential patronage. While on the other, the section on heresies contained in the text will be examined to explore what this work can tell us about the religious environment of medieval Anatolia.
Who stole the ram? The “New Interpretations” of the “Analects” (13.8) and the most recent discussions on the “effective admonition” by the scholars from the Peoples’ Republic of China
Authors: Golovachev Valentin Ts.
Published: March 2021

The article offers a historiographic survey followed by an assessment of a big-scale discussion, which deals with the “new interpretations” of the famous fragment − “Stealing a ram” from the “Analects” (Lun Yu, 論語) a large collection of sayings and ideas attributed to the Chinese philosopher Confucius and his contemporaries (Analects, 13.18). The origin of the Analects dates back over two millennia. Regardless of “advanced age” it does still attract within the Chinese society significant attention and is discussed both by the scholarly and public audience. In general, this discussion remains recurrent. The discussion unfolded in the Peoples Republic of China in 2000–2016 was covered by numerous articles in the American scholarly literature and therefore has found a vivid response among the Sinologists within the English language milieu. The author asks a question whether these recent interpretations as came from the 2000-2016 discussion are innovative indeed or they just “rephrased” old approaches already recorded in the scholarly literature. To answer it, he compares the key approaches by the modern Chinese scholars to those by Russian Sinologists, particularly, the interpretations by Professor Lydia I. Golovacheva (1937–2011). According to her, the famous sentence “a father would [plead guilty to] cover a son, a son would [plead guilty to] cover a father” implies the idea of correction of the wrongdoings (“upright the crooked”) using the internal moral imperative or waking the conscience of the wrong person. The analysis of the debates held by the scholars from the Peoples Republic of China has revealed the need to bring back into circulation this relatively little-known, however, holistic, consistent and adequate interpretation as well as to increase the awareness of it among both Russian and foreign sinologists. According to the author, this interpretation removes all the alleged legal vs. moral contradictions in the fragment (Analects 13.18).
East and resources: from Antiquity to the Present [Review on:] Alexander M. Etkind. The Nature of evil. Raw materials and the state. Moscow: New Literary Review; 2020. 504 p.
Authors: Perepiolkin Lev S.
Published: March 2021

The focal point of the book under review is Europe as well as its interaction on the level of supply of resources with other regions of the world, primarily with the East. The author expands the usual notion of the “East”. He extends its boundaries to the regions, which supplied Europe with resources, starting with the actual East and extending it to the European North and even America. The author identifies a change in the main types of resources supply, from the wood and other commodities followed by luxury goods and energy carriers. The author shows a special interest in the influence of resource exchange on social processes in Europe and the East, as well as the formation of European academic economic thought. He also pays special attention to environmental problems related to the resource economy.
50 years of the conference “State and Society in China”
Authors: Dikarev Andrei D. , Kobzev Artem I. , Skrypnik Ekaterina S.
Published: March 2021

The article lists the milestones of the “State and Society in China” annual conference since 1970 traditionally held by the China Department of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). This is Russia’s most prominent Sinological conference. Within the three days, scholars discuss various issues of history, philosophy, politics, the law in medieval and modern China. Regardless of the outbreak of the COVID-19 the 50th anniversary conference (December 23–25, 2020) was still held in Moscow, however, online. The conference was held as part of the implementation of the action plan of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation of the cross years of Russian-Chinese Scientific, Technical and Innovative Cooperation. The article also comprises a brief overview of the last event and summarizes the results of the conference materials published in the collection under the joint title “State and Society in China” from 1970 to 2020.
An Experimental Assessment of Iraqi Local Cement and Cement Slurry Design for Iraqi Oil Wells Using Cemcade
Authors: Assi Amel Habeeb , Almehdawi Faleh H.M.
Published: March 2021

This effort is related to describe and assess the performance of the Iraqi cement sample planned for oil well-cementing jobs in Iraq. In this paper, major cementing properties which are thickening time, compressive strength, and free water in addition to the rheological properties and filtration of cement slurry underneath definite circumstances are experimentally tested. The consequences point to that the Iraqi cement after special additives encounter the requests of the API standards and can consequently is used in cementing jobs for oil wells. At this research, there is a comparative investigation established on experimental work on the effectiveness of some additives that considered as waste materials which are silica fume, bauxite, and glass powder, and other conventional additives which are: (SCR -100 Retarder, HR-5, FWCA, Hollow Glass Spheres (HGS) and Halad-9) that currently used in our fields on local Iraqi cement and putting foreign cement results as a governor. Chemical analysis for Iraqi cement, imported cement, and waste materials samples was determined using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique and found minor differences in composition between those samples and depending on the results of X-ray, we selecting the appropriate additives to prepare cement slurry samples. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) results show that Iraqi Cement has a low value of silica which is about 18.63% while Omani cement about 37.58%. This research examined the potential of micro silica, bauxite, and waste glass powder to produce sustainable cement slurry. The results showed that adding micro silica and bauxite enhances the performance of Iraqi cement but also leads to a slight decrease in thickening time. To avoid this problem, Superplasticizer is used to make the process of cement pumping more easily, in other words, increase thickening time and increase compressive strength. Furthermore, adding glass powder increase the value of compressive strength. Both additives (waste and conventional) are used for the slurry design for achieving better slurry properties, but waste additives increase and enhance Iraqi cement performance than conventional additives, in other words, making it more effective than commercial cement. Depending on the results of the compressive strength test, the optimal concentration of the waste materials used in this research was found, and then the optimal concentration was used to prepare cement samples. The results showed that the use of waste materials to prepare cement slurry is a promising way to improve the efficiency of cement work and to reduce the negative environmental impact resulting from the industry. The results of the program CemCADE proved to be the sample A and C showed good performance through high cement bonding and ideal distribution of fluids designed to accomplish the cementing process.
Improving Reading Insights on Web Contents Based: A Survey on the Strategies Used by EFL Students
Authors: Lestari Risa
Published: March 2021

Implementing strategies of content chosen on the internet is a core aspect of achieving goals in expanding reading material. This study aims to investigate what are the strategies used by students on extending reading web content. This research is in the form of a survey at the English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Lancang Kuning. There were 95 out of 126 EFL students selected randomly as participants from reading class. A set of Likert-scale questionnaires, adopted from Mokhtari and Reichard (2002), was used to collect the data. It consisted of 30 questions divided into three strategies: Global Reading Strategies, Problem Solving Strategies, and Support Reading Strategies. To answer the research questions, descriptive statistics (SPSS 16) were used to analyze EFL students’ strategies on extending reading web content questionnaires. The findings reveal that students' dominant strategy is the Problem Solving Strategies got from the mean score of 4.11 and a Standard Deviation of 0.98. It can be categorized into a high level. It means that the majority of students have a homogenous strategy for extending reading web content. The study also reveals that students believe that the content on the internet somehow is the right source of learning. Therefore this study highlighted that students have implemented a reading strategy to make them easier to understand a text's contents.
Learning Wisdom beyond Ma’tammu Tedong of Toraja People: Using Semiotic Approach to Understand Myths and Ideology
Authors: Tanduk Rita
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses the meaning beyond ma’tammu tedong of Toraja People using semiotic approach to reveal wisdom beyond it. Participant observation methods used with field notes, recording, and interview techniques completed the data collection. The ritual text of the Ma’tammu Tedong or buffalo meeting ceremony in rambu solo’ ceremony is a symbolic form, parallelism, and metaphor which also constructs the meaning of customary ritual myth. Through the ritual remarks on the seven types of buffalo in the ceremony of rambu solo’ indicating views, concepts, and motivations are used as guidelines for life for Toraja people. The result of the research shows that, (1) the customary ritual text of buffalo meeting is symbolic, parallelism, and metaphor characteristics that represent myth meaning, (2) customary ritual text of buffalo meeting is to construct myth and ideology about Toraja character value. The value of the characters is represented by the seven types of buffalo in the customary ritual ma'tammu tedong namely, (a) balian buffalo represented as a leader figure or role model; (b) bonga buffalo as torch in human life of Toraja; (c) pudu’ buffalo as guardians in maintaining the life of the Toraja; (d) todi’ buffalo as a unifier that strengthens kinship ties; (e) sokko’ buffalo describes a polite and humble person; (f) tekken langi’ buffalo as a safeguard that reconciles the Toraja over the conflict; (g) sambao’ buffalo as customary guardians for customary offenses. Those values indicate the existence of the relation between man and Almighty and man with others. Also, they strengthen the character of human life of the Toraja and nation character.