bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimized Preparation of Fe2O3/Al2O3 Composite with Sol-Gel Combustion Synthesis Method Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design
Authors: Wang Bao Wen , Gao Chuan Chang , Zhao Hai Bo , Zheng Chu Guang
Published: September 2011

Fe2O3/Al2O3 composite at the mass ratio of 3:2 was prepared by sol-gel combustion synthesis using urea as fuel. The optimized preparation parameters were determined by the robust orthogonal experimental design (OED) method. Standard L9(34) orthogonal array was adopted, and the four factors were determined as the molar ratio of oxidizer nitrates to fuel urea Ф, relative amount of the deionized water added Rw, ignition temperature and sintering temperature. Range analysis of the relative importance of those four factors on the mean weight loss rate for the reduction of synthesized Fe2O3/Al2O3 with 50 vol% H2 indicated that the most influential factor was Ф, sintering temperature, Rw and ignition temperature in the descending order. And the optimized preparation parameters for Fe2O3/Al2O3 composite were Ф=1, Rw=7.5, ignition and sintering temperatures stabilized as 600°C and 950°C,respectively. Finally, the reaction characteristics of Fe2O3/Al2O3 prepared by SGCS and the other two reference methods (including sol-gel method and mechanical mixing method) were compared and the results verified that the optimized SGCS was the best option to synthesize Fe2O3/Al2O3 composite with good reaction performance.
Applying Elastic Unfolding Technique in Nonlinear Inverse Finite Element Method for Sheet Forming Modeling
Authors: Farahani Mohammad Kankarani , Assempour Ahmad
Published: September 2011

A simplified efficient finite element method called the inverse approach (IA) has been developed to estimate initial blank and strain distribution in sheet metal forming. This algorithm is an inverse method since the position of points in final shape is known and their corresponding position in the initial blank should be determined. This approach deals with the geometric compatibility of finite elements, plastic deformation theory, and virtual work principle. This method often based on implicit static algorithms, sometimes causes convergence problems because of strong nonlinearities. This paper introduces an initial guess to speed up the convergence of Newton-Raphson solution. The application to a sheet forming example shows good agreement between forward incremental and IFEM results.
Nonlinear Analysis Based on Experiments of the Rotation Shaft System of Mine Drainage Motor and Pump
Authors: Zhao Wu , Yu Gui
Published: September 2011

The experimental study results show that the system’s nonlinear characteristics, incluing the dynamic responses of the poincare mapping, the bifurcation plots, three-dimensional waterfalls diagrams etc. The effects factors of system experiment are studied and analyzed, including the misalignment and the rub-impact stiffness on system responses. So, the faults characteristics of the misalignment and the rub-impact of the rotation shaft-mechanical seal system on the drainge motor and drainge pump are also gained by the experiment. The dynamic performance of the system show nonlinear characteristics in different working conditions. The rotating shaft-mechanical seal system on the drainge motor and drainge pump can be optimization design and performance prediction based on the studied results of our work. The experiment’s results show that: the multiple frequencies are produced of the rotating shaft-mechanical seal system on drainge motor and drainge pump, and the frequencies of 1-time and 2-time are dominating components under the exciting force effects of misalignment and imbalance. At the fault state of misalignment coupling rub-impact, the multiple frequencies including 2-time, 3-time, 4-time and so on, will be induced under the critical speed. Over the value of the critical speed, will cause the phenomenon of frequency demultiplication and chaos. With rub-impact stiffness value increased, the phenomenon of frequency demultiplication and chaos are induced more frequently; with the degree of misalignment increased, the phenomena of chaos will decrease and the system will tend to be the stable state.
Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Carbon Fiber Filament Wound Tubes with Symmetric Winding Angle under Tensional Loading
Authors: Xiao Qi , Sun Jiang
Published: September 2011

Carbon fiber composite tubes with symmetric winding angles were experimented under tensional loading and theoretically calculated using classical laminate theory. The experimental result showed that the axial stiffness of filament wound tubes without woven fiber was a little higher than that of filament wound tubes with woven fibers. In addition, the theoretical calculation results of axial stiffness had a good agreement with the experimental results of filament wound tubes without woven fiber.
Study on Winding Pattern and Undulation Degree of Filament-Wound Composite Tube
Authors: Sun Jiang , Xiao Qi
Published: September 2011

The filament winding pattern of composite tube, the winding parameters and the undulation degree are studied in this paper. The study shows that the winding pattern mainly depends on Sp , the number of angular sections between the last circuit and the next circuit and Nc, the number of circuits performed until the fiber tow is deposited just next to the first circuit, and the changes of Nc and winding angle all have effects on the undulation degree.
Research on Piston Pin's Strength Calculation Based on FEA
Authors: Ji Bing Wei , Li Jing Lu , Chen Xiao Ping
Published: September 2011

The method of piston pin's strength calculation base on FEA is proposed to solve the pin's failure. The pin's circular deformation is measured by node displacements, and the conventional static strength analysis is replaced by multi-case fatigue calculation. Compared with the conventional strength verification method, the FEA result is more accurate with the reality.
An Asymmetric Fuzzy Method for MPPT Control of PV System
Authors: Wang Xiu Ling , Meng Rong Sheng
Published: September 2011

In this paper an Asymmetric Fuzzy Method for MPPT Control of PV System was described, which is focus on the nonlinear characteristics of solar arrays and it is necessary to create control rules that meet the output characteristics of the solar arrays. Asymmetric Fuzzy control method can solve this question: the input function and membership function reflect characteristics of photovoltaic array adequately, which is different from traditional symmetric fuzzy control. So we can adjust to the disturbance step according to the characteristics of photovoltaic array.
Research on Power System Cost Model with Wind Power Based on Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Niu Dong Xiao , Li Ying Ying , Zhou Kun , Fang Fang
Published: September 2011

The power system cost model include wind turbine were studied by using simulated annealing genetic algorithm. The advantages and disadvantages of genetic algorithm were presented. Annealing algorithm was improved using the Simulated Annealing. The power system cost model include a wind turbine was established, and the example case was analyzed by using simulated annealing genetic algorithm. The calculation was elucidated, demonstrating that with the wind power generation cost coefficient decreasing, the increase of wind power generating capacity will reduce the cost of power systems, and the existence of environmental costs of thermal power will be advantage to wind power.
Design and Analysis of a MEMS Tunable Inductor Based on UV Lithography of SU-8
Authors: Li Xiang Hong , Liu Jian Lin , Zhang Bin Zhen , Meng Xiang Jiao , Ji Chang Hong
Published: September 2011

This paper reports the design of a tunable radio-frequency (RF) inductor and analyses the parameters that influence the quality factor (Q) of the inductor. In our paper we mainly discuss the influence of the thickness of the metal layer on the Q when other parameters are fixed. In order to achieve the high thickness, we use SU-8 as our photoresist instead of the traditional photoresist. Through the analysis, we calculate out the thickness of the metal layer is 23um when the Q reaches to maximum.
The Application Effectiveness Evaluation of the Educational Equipment Based on AHP
Authors: Dong Sha Sha , Hu You Nong
Published: September 2011

This paper uses the principle and theory of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to research application effectiveness of educational equipment. Seven decision elements are got by experts of the relevant field and the weight measurement is calculated via pair-wise comparison of two decision elements based on Delphi. Then this paper uses AHP to evaluate the application effectiveness of educational equipment comprehensively, and gives out the best solution according to the three evaluation results.
Research and Design of Digital Gyroscope Based on MEMS
Authors: Ji Chang Peng , Cheng Guang Hao , Wang Xue Mei
Published: September 2011

The characteristics of mechanical gyroscope are high technology, complicated structure and restrict precision. Basing on this aspect, MEMS gyroscopes and accelerometers are adopted as the inertial measurement unit in this paper. S3C2440 of the ARM9 series is taken as the micro processing chip to design a system of north seeking to complete measurement, transmission, and processing and so on. MEMS sensor can reduce the influence from external environment factors on the north-seeking accuracy. ARM chips can finish collecting data and processing effectively, while the system structure could be achieved easily.
Investigation of Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) as Coolant in Grinding of AISI D3 Steel
Authors: Manimaran G. , Pradeep Kumar Murugasan
Published: September 2011

In order to find the alternative to conventional oil based coolants on the basis of environmental aspects, the present work investigates the effectiveness of Liquid N2 as eco friendly coolant in the grinding of AISI D3 steel with Aluminum oxide (Al2O3 ) as grinding wheel. The experiment was examined in terms of surface roughness, grinding forces, grinding zone temperature, and material removal rate (MRR) in the Grinding of AISI D3 steel under various grinding conditions. The performances of liquid nitrogen cooling were compared with the conventional oil cooling and found that 30-32% reduction in the surface roughness, 30-34 % reduction in the grinding zone temperature, and about 8 % reduction in grinding forces were observed. It was also found that even at higher MRR, better surface quality obtained. In this study, it is clearly revealed that reduction in the grinding temperature leads to improvements in the grindability and cryogenic cooling by liquid N2 as better coolant in the grinding of AISI D3 steel.
PCB Related Failures in Electronic Assemblies
Authors: Liu Ping , Gu Xiao Long , Zhao Xin Bing , Liu Xiao Gang
Published: September 2011

The complexity of Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) has increased dramatically over the last three decades with the development of surface mount technology (SMT). The typical manufacture of rigid multilayer PCB contains many process procedures, which makes manufacture and application much more challenges. This paper focuses on some typical PCB related failures. Recommendations are provided on optimizing PCB manufacture process and material application. Microvia crack, black pad, galvanic attack, pad design, conductive anodic filament and pad crater are presented in detail.
Limit Load Finite Element Analysis of Thick-Walled Cylinders with Surface Cracks under Combined Internal Pressure and Axial Tension
Authors: Maarefdoust Mahdi , Akbarzade Pooria
Published: September 2011

Limit load analysis of defect free thick walled pipes and cylinders subjected to internal pressure and combined internal pressure and axial loading is commonly performed as part of integrity assessment procedures for transmission pipelines and pressure vessels across the industry. Moreover the potential impact of environmental assisted or accidental damage that result in creation of surface defects and consequently affects the ability of vessel to withstand the applied loading conditions. This paper attempts to demonstrate the effect of surface defects on the limit load of cylinders by use of finite element method. ABAQUS software has been used for FE analysis and modeling. Approximate analytical solutions for benchmark model have been used for validation/verification of numerical results.
CO Adsorption on the AunS(n=1~6) Clusters: The First-Principles Study
Authors: Chi Shui Lian , Chen Ming , Peng Song Lin
Published: September 2011

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to investigate CO bonded on the AunS (n=1~6) bimetallic clusters. It is found that the adsorption energies of CO on the AunS(n=1~6) clusters are greater than those on the pure Au clusters of corresponding sizes. This means that doped S atom can enhance CO adsorption on the Au clusters. Furthermore, through the Mulliken population analysis, we can see that charges transfer from the Au clusters to S atom, while charges donate to the Au clusters from the CO in CO/AunS sytem.
Failure Mechanism of Tungsten Heavy Alloy for Mould
Authors: Huang Wei , Li Ya Feng , Tian Kai Wen , Shang Fu Jun , Liu Yong , Chen Zi Ming , Zou Min Ming
Published: September 2011

The failure mechanism of tungsten matrix composite was studied with microscale numerical simulation. The results show that high strength tungsten particles are the real loading elements of composite, its strength level embodies the whole property of the composite to some extent. The real stress in tungsten particles is much higher than the external load, so failure may take place when the external load is less than the theoretical strength of tungsten particles.
Based on a Crawler Type Walking Mechanism Analysis and Research
Authors: Yan Hong Wei , Zhao Yu
Published: September 2011

Caterpillar walk agency is the supporting a large walk machinery, used to support the weight of the whole machine, inherit institution in engineering work force produces in the process, and complete the machine in March, backward, also, the mobile. Homework Therefore, to average large engineering machinery chassis general design into tracked drive structure, and tracked down the vertical center symmetrical layout. This paper mainly studied and discussed crawler walks the organization design principles and exercise stress analysis, summarized the influence factors of walking organization for the future, the design of the machine can achieve reasonable structure, safe and reliable, action flexible have laid a good foundation.
Comparative Analysis of Selective Clonal Mutation with Conventional GA Operators in Solar Tracking Environment
Authors: Fam D.F. , Koh S.P. , Kiong Tiong Sieh , Chong K.H.
Published: September 2011

Genetic Algorithm (GA) belongs to elementary stochastic optimization algorithms inspired by evolution.It points out the ability of simple representations using bit strings to encode complicated structures and the power of simple transformations to reach the desired solution. Research shows that a new operator namely Selective Clonal Mutation (SCM) for better genetic solutions has been successfully developed so that faster convergence to the best desired solution could be obtained. This operator has produced the best fitness value as compared to the conventional genetic algorithm result within 50 generation, Selective Clonal Mutation (SCM) is able to produce the best fitness value at 0.01731 with optimum voltage 10.05V in solar tracking environment.
A Trusted Process Security Model for the Access to Power Enterprise Data Center
Authors: Wu Ke He , Ji Hong Jiang , Chen Long , Zhang Tong
Published: September 2011

Aiming the lack of the authentication and access control when the business processes of the power business systems visit the enterprise data center, this article proposes a trusted process security model for the access to the power enterprise data center. The model gives the concept of “Trusted Process” firstly, and then builds “Trusted Process List” and the “Process Access List” to convert the business process into trusted process, and finally implements the authentication and access control of the business processes when visiting the data center.
Research and Design of the Security Area Classification Model of Electric Power Information System
Authors: Zhang Tong , Wu Ke He , Li Wei
Published: September 2011

Because of the special position of electric power industry in national economy and social life, electric power information security has been given particular attention. In recent years, the security defense of Electric Power Information System has been all under the principle of security area classification, which applies different security defense measures for the information systems in different security level. However, because of lacking theory guidance, the recent method of security area classification is not in accord with the requirements of real production and management, and security threaten occurs at times. In order to meet the requirements of real production and management and the needs of security area classification defense in Electric Power Information System, based on the theory of network business security, a new security area classification model of Electric Power Information System has been proposed, and the access rules of the information transmission and sharing between different security areas have also been proposed. The new security area classification model can provide theoretical basis for security area classification in Electric Power Information System, and can deal with the conflict between the requirements of real production and the needs of information security.
An Efficient Algorithm for Sequential Pattern Mining with Time Constraints
Authors: Tao Zai Ping
Published: September 2011

In this paper, a new algorithm named TCSP is proposed to mine sequential patterns with different time constraints. It scans the database into memory and constructs time-index sets for efficient processing. It mines the desired sequential patterns without generating any candidates. We have evaluated the new algorithm with the well-known GSP algorithm and the DELISP algorithm for various datasets and constraints. The comprehensive experiments show that the TCSP algorithm works better and it has good scalability.
Study on R & D of Embedded Front-End Intelligent Monitoring System Based on Machine Vision Algorithm
Authors: Fu Song Yin , Gong Song Chun , Chen Zheng
Published: September 2011

The project team has completed some research work in the earlier period. In this paper, the present mainstream intelligent network video monitoring system is compared and analyzed in details. Also, in accordance with the advantages and disadvantages of the multiple system architectures, a type of distributed system architecture is designed preliminarily. Thus, with regard to this architecture, the project team conducts a detailed design, segment many functional modules, puts forward specific design and implementation plans, and ultimately completes the construction of the model machine of the whole system.
Cardiovascular Multi-Parameter Monitoring System during Surgery
Authors: Liu Jing , Ye Shu Ming , Chen Hang , Wang Xuan , Fu Xiu Quan
Published: September 2011

Cardiovascular Monitoring[1], which is important evidence used to analyze the therapeutic efficacy, plays a significant role in the operation. A multi-parameter monitoring system is introduced in this paper. The system not only detects initial physiologic signals like photoplethysmographic pulse signal, blood pressure and electrocardiogram signal, but also extracts cardiovascular parameters, including the amplitude of photoplethysmogram, area ratio, pulse beat interval, pulse decay time constant, etc. The operating principle of the system, hardware composition, a flow chart of software module, direction of data flow and algorithm for extracting parameters are introduced. Finally, a validation clinical experiment was undertaken, and results confirmed that the system realized real-time monitoring of cardiovascular parameters, which reflected the variation of cardiovascular system during surgery and could assist doctors with drug administration.
Strategic Capability System’s Building and Evaluation of Power Grid Enterprises
Authors: Niu Dong Xiao , Zhou Kun , Fang Fang , Li Ying Ying
Published: September 2011

It is of vital importance for the development of enterprises to make scientific evaluation on strategic capabilities. This paper designs a building pattern of strategic capability aiming at power grid enterprises, proposes an integrated strategic capability evaluation system, and demonstrates its feasibility and practicality through case study, which provides the strategic capability evaluation of power grid enterprises with efficient methods.
The Design of High Precision Pyroelectric Infrared Processing Circuit
Authors: Yang Wei , Sun Qiao , Yu Hai Yang , Li Bo , Wang Hong Mei
Published: September 2011

As information technology is becoming more and more popular, infrared ray technology also has been rapidly increasing especially after A.D. 2000. Infrared ray detection and control technology has been widely applied in various domains of the national economy and people’s daily life. The paper makes analysis on the characteristics of pyroelectric infrared sensor output signal, and puts forward a high precision pyroelectric infrared acquisition circuit. This circuit has high sensitivity, high accuracy, low noise, anti-interference and other features, and it is fit for all sorts of practical detection controlling circuits.
Remote Sensing Image Segmentation Based on and Cloud Model and Parallel Mechanism
Authors: Liu Yan Li , Jiang Hua , Xu Gang
Published: September 2011

This paper discusses the uncertainty in remote sensing image segmentation by studying the uncertainty in cloud model , qualitative to quantitative conversion, proposed one way to study the image segmentation based on the combination of Parallel mechanism and cloud mode. Proved by experiments, this method can better describe the uncertainty of image target. It can quickly and accurately segment the target, the efficiency is far superior then the traditional image segmentation algorithms.
Design and Implementation of Character CAPTCHA Based on Contraction Mapping
Authors: Wang Nan
Published: September 2011

APTCHA is an important means to improve network security and prevent hackers. Since only a simple transfigure processing and the same style. CAPTCHA are lack of security and have a high rate to be cracked. Hence it is important for network security to design a new method of transfigure having random and complex feature. The paper creates an algorithm using contraction mapping principle and fixed point, with a way of circumvolution and translation. The algorithm randomly select a fixed point in the character picture and make a transfigure using fixed point principle. The experimental results show that the CAPTCHA based on contraction mapping has a strong randomness and difficult to be recognized by computer programs, which can provide a strong security for Web applications.
A Novel and Fast Method for Content-Based Image Retrieval via Stack-Triangles Geometrics Histogram
Authors: Chen Yu Feng , Tan Chuan Qi , Li Feng Xia , Zhang Qing Yi
Published: September 2011

In this paper, a novel method is proposed for solving an open problem of shape matching in content-based image retrieval. Our method regards the stack-triangles geometrics histogram to be the feature of an image, the correlation of two images was decided by the compare result of their stack-triangles geometrics histograms. First of all, these methods extract the key contour fragments of an image, so that a shape can be presented as many key contour fragments in this way. In addition, we derivation stack triangles of a shape by the key contour fragments we get it before. Then, we can get the stack-triangles geometrics histogram of the image and calculate the correlation of two images use their stack-triangles geometrics histogram. Finally, experiment results show that our new method is a very fast method and can get more robustness than existing methods and achieve a good effect in the standard shape databases MPEG-7.
The Design of Data Acquisition Storage and Real-Time Monitoring System Based on FPGA
Authors: Liu Su Hua , Shen San Min , Ye Yong , Xiong Ji Jun
Published: September 2011

In the test system, all kinds of signals need to be processed. In order to meet the need of test system,we propose a kind of method of overall design of the real-time monitoring and storage of analog signal and digital signal. And we descript that how the data is sent to PC to real-time monitor and how we read out the data of the storage, and at the same time, the effect of the real-time monitoring is mentioned. After the application of the practice, the stability and the reliability of the collection system get confirmed.
Design and Experimental Study a Logging Instrument with Dual Channel and Two-Way Hydraulic Control Valve
Authors: Dai Min Qiang , Zhao Sheng Dun , Yuan Xiao Mei
Published: September 2011

The paper introduces the working principle of a logging instrument, and according to the working principle and instrument’s function of two-way hydraulic control valve. Facing to the key problems of process equipment in the actual service and workflow, the structure of value was designed and optimized. At the same time, the logging instrument with a dual-channel and two-way hydraulic control valve is designed and processed. Meanwhile, we build an experimental platform and make the experiment according to principle of the instrument. The results show that the design of this dual-channel and two-way hydraulic control valve logging instrument met the work requirements, and it has high reliability in oil exploration, which could be promoted and used in logging areas.
Structure of TiOx Precipitated during Solidification of Steel
Authors: Li Hui Gai , Gong Yue , Yang Cun Bo , Zheng Shao Bo , Zhai Qi Jie
Published: September 2011

Various Ti oxides formation potential was analysised by thermodynamics during solidification of steel. It was found that Ti3O5 is the most stable one among all the types of Ti oxides. The effect of Mn element on the structure of Ti oxide was analysised by some experiments. The structure of Ti oxide without Mn is Ti3O5, and the inclusion, which contains some content of Mn, is Ti2O3 with rhombohedra structure. It is assumed that, [Ti] and [O] in liquid steel precipitated in form of Ti3O5. During the cooling process of solid steel, Ti3O5 reacted with [Mn], and exsited in form of Ti2O3 and MnO complex inclusion, which is advantageous for the nucleation of IGF.
Optimization of Geometric Parameters for Turbine Blades Based on Inverse Adjustments
Authors: Dou Yang Liu , Bu Kun , Dong Yi Wei , Dou Yang Qing
Published: September 2011

In order to conform to the dimensional tolerances of wax pattern die-profile for turbine blade in investment casting process, an optimization method of geometric parameter for turbine blades based on inverse adjustment was proposed. The geometric parameters for optimizing were extracted, and the bending and torsional deformation can be compensation. Therefore the nonlinear deformation compensation during solidification and cooling procedure can be efficiently realized. This method finally exhibits its advantage over the traditional linear scaling method. It set the theoretical foundation on optimization method of die-cavity for turbine blade. The die-profile optimization system which was developed in this paper proves better effect for the die-cavity design.
A Modified Multi Scale Retinex with Color Restoration Algorithm for Automatic Enhancement of Landsat-5 Remote Sensing Image
Authors: Wang Gui Zhou , He Guo Jin
Published: September 2011

The retinex is a human perception based image processing algorithm which provides color constancy and dynamic range compression. The multi scale retinex with color restoration (MSRCR) has shown itself to be a very versatile automatic image enhancement algorithm that simultaneously provides dynamic range compression, color constancy, and color rendition. But the MSRCR results suffer from lower global brightness and partial color distortion. In order to improve the MSRCR method, this paper presents a modified MSRCR algorithm to Landsat-5 image enhancement considering percent liner stretch and histogram adjustment. Finally, the effect of modified MSRCR method on Landsat-5 image enhancement is analyzed and the comparison with other color adjustment methods such as gamma correction and histogram equalization is reported in the experimental results.
An Investigation on the Preparation of Active Carbon-Ceramic Sphere
Authors: Liu Wei Min , Wang Lei , Li Shu Zhen , Chen Yu Jing , Wu Xi Hui
Published: September 2011

A procedure for the preparation of active carbon-ceramic sphere was developed. Active carbon-ceramic sphere were prepared by coating a porous ceramic sphere with a phenolic resol resin (carbon precursor). The following procedure was adopted: (a) impregnation of the ceramic substrate with phenolic resol resin; (b) curing; (c) carbonization; (d) activation with KOH etching; (d) washing and drying. Under the optimal impregnation conditions, the material obtained (PRR 70 %) at 30°C, which exhibited a high carbon percentage (~ 5.3 wt.%) with a total pore volume of 0.276 cm3g-1 and a specific surface area of 471 m2g-1 (carbon in the carbon-ceramic sphere) by N2 adsorption, respectively. By means of chemical activation (KC-120), the total pore volume increased to 0.69 cm3g-1 and the specific surface area to 1110 m2g-1 (carbon percentage: 4.73 wt. %), respectively. The activated material shows a uniform carbon distribution, good adsorption properties and a high mechanical strength (24MPa).
Protective Effects of Hyperoside from Hawthorn against Endothelia Cell Apoptosis Induced by H2O2
Authors: Ge Ya Kun , Zheng Xiao Xiang
Published: September 2011

Hyperoside is a flavonol glycoside extraction from Hawthorn (Crataegus), and it has been reported that hyperoside process anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effectin vivo. In this paper, we studied the effects of hyperoside on apoptosis, necrosis, intracellular ROS level, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and expression of Bax and Bcl-2 of endothelial cells subjected to H2O2,. The results showed that hyperoside treatment (50 μmol/L and 200 μmol/L ) significantly reduced apoptosis and necrosis, intracellular ROS and the expression of Bax in endothelial cell subjected to H2O2, and increased mitochondrial transmembrane potential and Bcl-2 expression. In conclusion, the present study indicates that hyperoside is in favor of endothelial cell protection.
Progesterone Hydroxylation with Colletotrichum Lini AS3. 4486
Authors: Shen Yan Jun , Sun Hua , Fu Yu Wan , Xu Chu Yang , Wang Min
Published: September 2011

The biotransformation of progesterone by Colletotrichum lini AS3. 4486 was studied. The formation of the product was monitored by HPLC. Product was purified from broth culture supernatants by silica gel column chromatography and identified as 7β,12β-dihydoxylprogesterone with MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and NOE.
Effects of Potassium Fertilizer on Diurnal Change of Photosynthesis in Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni
Authors: Ma Lei , Ren Guang Xi , Shi Yan
Published: September 2011

The effects of potassium fertilizer on diurnal change of photosynthesis in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni had been studied. Diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and environmental and physiological traits in leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni were measured using LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The results showed that optimal potassium fertilizer can increased chlorophyll content and improved photosynthesis rate and decreased the chlorophyll a/b ratio. At the same time, midday depression of photosynthesis abated or disappeared.
Screening of Lipid High Producing Mutant from Rhodotorula Glutinis by Low Ion Implantation and Study on Lipid Extration Technique
Authors: Li Shi Chang , Liu Hong Xia , Gu Shao Bin , Wang Min , Zhu Zhao Yang , Wang Dong Dong
Published: September 2011

The paper studied on parameters of ion implantation into lipid producing strain Rhodotorula glutinis and lipid extration technology. It was found that the strain had a higher positive mutation rate when the output power was 10keV and the dose of N+ implantation was 80×2.6×1013 ions/cm2. Then a high-yield mutant strain D30 was obtained and it’s lipid yield which was 3.10 g/L increased by 33.05% than that of the original. Additionally, statistically-based experimental designs were applied for the optimization of lipid extraction by acid-heating coupling ultrasonic technique. By a Plackett-Burman design, it was found that three factors, treatment time of HCl (p=0.036) , ultrasonic time (p=0.0105) and rate of extracting solution (VCHCl3:VCH3OH) (p=0.0105), had significant effect on lipid extraction. Subsequently, these significant factors were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimized parameters of lipid extraction were as follows: 34 min for treatment time of HCl, 7.5 min for ultrasonic treating time, 1.9:1 for rate of extracting solution (VCHCl3:VCH3OH). Finally the fermentation characteristic of high-yield mutation strain D30 was studied, when fermentation time was 10 d, it’s lipid yield increased to 7.81 g/L
A New Immunosensor for Serum Myeloperoxidase Based on Self-Assembly of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Thionine/Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan
Authors: Diao Qi Zhi , Li Yuan , Zhou Mi , Xie Guo Ming
Published: September 2011

A new electrochemical immunosensor for serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) has been developed based on the self-assembly multilays of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), thionine (THI), gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and chitosanon (CHIT) on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The antibody of MPO (anti-MPO) was absorbed on the surface of GNPs monolayer. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was employed to block non-specific binding and amplify the response current signal. It was observed that the peak current was linear with the MPO concentration in a range of 2.5-125 µgl-1. The detection limit was 1.425 µgl-1 (S/N=3). Correlation analysis showed that this new immunosensor assay has a significant correlation with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (r=0.96, p>0.05) for 40 clinical specimens.
Rapid Detection Viable Escherichia Coli O157 in Raw Milk Using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification with Aid of Ethidium Monoazide
Authors: Wang De Guo , Huo Gui Cheng
Published: September 2011

The distinction between viable and dead cells was a major issue in detection of pathogenic microbe in foods especially when foods had been subjected to thermal processing. The performance of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay with aid of ethidium monoazide (EMA) for detecting viable Escherichia coli O157 in raw milk was presented in this paper. Three pairs of primers were specially designed for recognizing eight distinct sequences of rfbE gene. LAMP can only amplified DNA of viable Escherichia coli O157 because EMA selectively penetrated dead cells and covalently bound to DNA, detection limit level for artificially contaminated raw milk samples by the EMA-LAMP assay was 440 cfu/mL corresponding to 3–5 cells per reaction tube, while the detection level by EMA-PCR was 4.4×104 cfu/mL. In conclusion, EMA-LAMP had offered a novel assay for distinction between viable and dead cells with promising application in food safety detection.
Study on Changes of Nitrobenzene Degrading Bacteria in ABR Reactor
Authors: Lin Ying Zi , Li Qing Liang
Published: September 2011

By adding nitrobenzene to ABR (anaerobic baffled reactor) acclimation the flora in it, take 5 chambers sludge, extracted DNA and using PCR-DGGE technique amplification and separation product of bacterial 16S rDNA gene V3 region, then study the changes and diversity anaerobic sludge bacteria. The results showed that there was a succession in the communities of 5 reactor compartment, and the microbial diversity changes showing a characteristic of synergistic. ABR reactor has obvious characteristics of multi-phase process.
Effects of Sucrose Concentration on the Bulblet Formation and Growth of Three Lilies In Vitro
Authors: Sun Ming , Shi Jin Fang , Zhang Qi Xiang
Published: September 2011

To study the effect of different sucrose concentration on bulblet formation, three kinds of Lilium plantlets, Lilium davidii var. unicolor, L. longiflorum ‘White Heaven’ and L. OT ‘Yelloween’ were inoculated on media containing different sugar concentration. It was found that L. davidii var. unicolo had 100% percent in bulblet formation at the sucrose concentration 100g/L, while the diameter and weight increment of bulblets came to the maximum. Both ‘White Heaven’ and ‘Yelloween’ had 100% percent of bulblets formation on the sucrose concentration at 80g/L and 100 g/L. But the diameter and weight increment of bulblets in different varieties had different results. The maximum of ‘White Heaven’ bulblets could be obtained at sucrose concentration 60g/L, while ‘Yelloween’ at 80g/L. It was concluded that sucrose concentrations at 40~80g/L had a positive impact on these 3 lilies bulblets formation in vitro cultures.
Apoptosis of Human Gastric Cancer Cell Line SGC-7901 Induced by Allicin
Authors: Shao Shu Li , Zhang Wei Wei , Li Feng Ying
Published: September 2011

To observe the effects of allicin on the growth and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell line. The viability of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was determined by MTT, cell morphology was observed under AO staining and electron microscopy, the apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry analysis. The results indicated that the growth of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was significantly inhibited by allicin, and the IC50 was 80µg/mL. Morphological variations of apoptosis were observed at 48 hours treated with allicin by AO staining and apoptosis body was observed under electron microscope. The results indicated that allicin can suppress the growth of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 and induce apoptosis of the cells.
Effect and Mechanism of Cholesterol-Lowering by Kluyveromyces from Tibetan Kefir
Authors: Liu Hui , Xie Yuan Hong , Xiong Li Xia , Dong Rui Ting , Pan Chang Li , Teng Guo Xin , Zhang Hong Xing
Published: September 2011

Screening lower high cholesterol and secretion of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) from yeast strains, and study the environmental factors for increasing the activity of BSH, then investigate the mechanism of cholesterol lowering. We obtained two yeasts to lower cholesterol by high-throughput screening technology and o-phthalaldehyde : strain K1 and strain M3 are Kluyveromyces marxianus, are the highest rate of cholesterol-reducing strains by far, the lower cholesterol rates were 68.14% ~ 70.34% , 80.51% ~ 99.12%. The two yeasts can secretion BSH in the metabolic process with the Oxford cup method, and the BSH activity is proportional to the rates of cholesterol-reducing. Strain M3 has a higher BSH production capacity than strain K1, and high cholesterol-lowering effect. That indicating efficient yeast strains to lower cholesterol production is due to their abundant or high activity BSH. The BSH secretion of strain K1 and strain M3 demonstrated a key enzyme in cholesterol-lowering effect for the first time. BSH can hydrolyze conjugated bile salt and free bile salt, which can precipitate with cholesterol state, to reduce the effect of cholesterol. To aim directly at 4 major factors can affect the synthesis of BSH, the fermentation conditions of strain M3 producing BSH highly were determined with four factors and three levels［L9(34)］orthogonal experiment: fermentation temperature is 32 °C, fermentation time is 24h, the initial pH of medium is 6.0, inoculums is 3%. The activity of BSH secreted by Strain M3 increased 50% in the optimization of fermentation conditions. Strain K1 and M3 fermented milk with excellent performance, we could research and develop functional fermented dairy products and micro-ecology preparation, by using the characteristics of efficient to lower cholesterol and complementary advantages of lactose fermentation performance of the two strains.
Study on Response Characteristics of Switching Zirconia Oxygen Sensor for Air-Fuel Ratio Control
Authors: Wang Dong Liang , Wan Min , Pan Huan You
Published: September 2011

The time delay between the changed quantity of the injected fuel and the detection of the resulting change of the air-fuel ratio determines the dynamic nature of the closed-loop control for air-fuel ratio, and the response delay of oxygen sensor itself is a main effect factor. The response characteristics of switching zirconia oxygen sensor will change and even deteriorate with the increasing service time of oxygen sensor. In this paper, the response characteristics of switching zirconia oxygen sensor and the impact of response slowing on air-fuel ratio and emissions are studied through engine bench test, the impact of response delay of switching zirconia oxygen sensor on air-fuel ratio control is analysed, and a new controller of air-fuel ratio based on discrete PI controller is proposed.
Numerical Design for the Photonic Bandgap of One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals
Authors: Gao Tan Tan , Yuan Jian Hua
Published: September 2011

A computational study of the bandgap structure in one-dimensional photonic crystals (PhCs) built with an elementary cell consisting of two sub-layers or four sub-layers is presented. The computational approach uses a finite element method to solve the differential systems with the continuous jump conditions. It is well known that the band structure and its features are strongly influenced by the number of periods, the lattice constant and the material dispersion. By choosing the geometrical parameters of the elementary cell optimally and controlling the band structure, we study the relationship between the gap and the number of periods, the lattice constant and the material dispersion. Then the optimal design of one-dimensional photonic crystals can be obtained by the numerical simulation. The numerical results show our finite element algorithm is efficient.
Removal of Dye from Textile Dyeing Wastewater by Using Oxidized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Shi Wen Yan , Gu Jian Zhong , Wu Wen Jing , Sun Yan Feng , Guo Rui Yun , Xu Gang , Hu Gu Yu , Lei Jian Qiu , Wu Ming Hong
Published: September 2011

The batch removal of dye from textile dyeing wastewater by using nanooxides decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes was studied under electron beam conditions. The effect of different nanooxides decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes content and irradiation dosage was also investigated. The color removal efficiency was 94.9% in dose of 17.5kGy. The colour removal efficiency with Fe2O3 decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes was similar to with TiO2 decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubues. The COD removal efficiency was 52.5% in the dose of 14.0kGy. When the irradiation dose of 17.5kGy, the COD removal efficiency was 98.2% with TiO2 decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes.Overall, the study demonstrated that nanooxides decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes can effectively remove color and COD from aqueous solution under irradiation.
Reaction Mechanism and Impact Factors Analysis of Transesterification Biodiesel Production
Authors: Li Xiang Yu , Jiang Jian Chun , Wang Kui , Li Ke , Gao Yi Wei
Published: September 2011

The preparation and production technology of biodiesel was explained in this paper. The transesterification mechanism was discussed from the synthesis reaction of biodiesel. Then the synthetic effects on the reaction were investigated such as water of the raw material oil, free fatty acids, temperature, pressure, catalyst, reaction time, alcohol-oil ratios, the mixing degree of raw materials and other aspects. The best synthetic technology was obtained.
Evaluation on the Property of Methanol Oxidation by Phosphomolybdic Acid
Authors: Mi Wan Liang , Jia Dong Mei , Fang Xiao Fei , Wu Kang Qian
Published: September 2011

Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) has been appreciated extensively because it is abundant in source, cheap in price, safe in transportation and storage. Though catalyst poisoning easily occurs by CO generated from the reaction of methanol oxidation, simultaneously, the efficiency of fuel cell decreases and environmental pollution is caused due to the methanol permeation through proton exchange membrane, application of DMFC is restricted. Phosphomolybdic acid (POM) is attempted to be used as energy storage material in this paper. The energy is stored in reduced POM through methanol oxidation by POM over different catalysts. Electrochemical oxidation of reduced POM produces electricity on the anode of PEMFC. Experimental results showed that under the non-photocatalytic condition methanol could be oxidized by POM over Pt/SiO2 and Ru/SiO2 catalyst. Only CO2 and H2O are yielded in the reaction. The activities for two kinds of catalyst increased with the increasing of reaction temperature and methanol concentration. Apparent activation energy for Pt/SiO2 catalyst was less than that for Ru/SiO2 catalyst. Activity of Pt/SiO2 catalyst is obviously higher than that of Ru/SiO2 catalyst. POM as energy storage material is feasible.
The Application of Green Building Materials to Sustainable Building for Environmental Protection in Taiwan
Authors: Hsieh Ting Ting , Chiang Che Ming , Ho Ming Chin , Lai Kwang Pang
Published: September 2011

"Sustainable development "is a necessary condition for continuation of the Earth, "Healthy and Comfortable" is a necessary condition for the continuation of life. The serious energy and natural resource shortage that our living environment is currently facing, however global climate change is the problem can not be ignored. This paper shows the application of green building materials to sustainable building for environmental protection. Since July 2006, the mandatory green building material utilization has been involved into Taiwan’s building code. For indoor decoration and floor materials in buildings, green building materials shall cover at least 30% of the total indoor decoration and floor material uses. Fulfilling the requirements of ecological, recycling, healthy, and high-performance attributes, the green building material regulation may effectively reduce environmental impacts and improve the indoor environmental quality (IEQ), so as to gradually achieve “human health and global sustainability.”Taiwan Green Building Material (GBM) evaluation system incorporates low toxicity, minimal emissions, low-VOC, recycled content, resource efficiency, recyclable and reusable materials, energy efficiency, water conservation, IAQ improvement, and use of locally products, among others (Froeschle, 1999). The criteria are systematically comprised of four categories, including Ecology, Health, High-Performance and Recycling. With respect to the relationship between the GBM labeling system and the current EEWH green building evaluation system in Taiwan, the GBM system can typically contribute to a sustainable environment. Starting from energy saving and resource efficiency by combining an ecological circulatory system, corresponding local environment, community civilization, as well as historic and regional features, the GBM system creates a core concept of sustainable built environment in Taiwan.