bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global research trends in unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal fibrosis: A bibliometric and visualized study
Authors: Wang Yashu , Deng Xinna , Yang Zhaohua , Wu Haijiang
Published: August 2023

Background:

Renal fibrosis is considered the pathway from almost all chronic kidney diseases (CKD) to end-stage renal diseases. The unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model is a well-established experimental animal model to simulate renal fibrosis associated with obstructive nephropathy in an accelerated manner. In this study, in order to understand the development trends of research on UUO-induced renal fibrosis between 2005 and 2022 and predict prospects, we conducted a comprehensive bibliometric and visualized study using Web of Science (WoS).

Methods:

The articles regarding UUO-induced renal fibrosis were culled from the “Core Collection” of the WoS database. VOSviewer software and the R-Bibliometrix Package were used in visual analysis of countries/regions, journals, authors, keywords, institutions, and highly cited articles in this field.

Results:

The number of articles regarding UUO-induced renal fibrosis has obviously increased annually. China had the largest number of publications in this field. The most frequently used keywords were “inflammation,” “transforming growth factor-beta1,” “oxigative stress,” “smad3,” “beta-catenin,” and “autophagy.” Am J Physiol-Renal was the leading journal. The most highly influential documents were published by Higgins DF and his colleagues, with 46 local citations and 749 global citations. The leading institution was Nanjing Medical University. Furthermore, Zhang Y. was the author who contributed most to this field.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that the molecular mechanism of UUO-induced renal fibrosis remains a research hot topic, especially on the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and international cooperation is expected to expand and deepen in the future.
Analysis of misdiagnosed or delayed-diagnosed Leprosy bacillus infection from 1990 to 2020 with a prophet time series prediction in Hubei Province, China
Authors: Chen Liang , Zheng Wei , Dong Xiaoqin , Zheng Yi , Shi Weidong , Zhang Wanhong
Published: August 2023

To analyze the misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of leprosy in Hubei Province, China during the past 30 years, which can provide a scientific basis for improving the prevention and treatment of leprosy by proposing targeted intervention measures. A retrospective study was conducted to compile 161 cases of misdiagnosed or delayed diagnosis of leprosy in Hubei Province during 1990 to 2020 from the National Leprosy Prevention and Control Management Information System and the background information of regional leprosy control centers in Hubei Province. Among 161 study subjects, the shortest delay period was 25.30 months for cases aged 15 to 20 years, the longest delay period was 67.09 months for cases aged 51 to 60 years, the shortest delay period was 35.33 months for type TN cases, and the longest delay period was 75.17 months for type I cases. There were 71 cases (44.10%) misdiagnosed, and the top 5 misdiagnosed disease names were rash 23 cases (32.39%). Top 5 misdiagnosed cases were rash 23 (32.39%), rheumatism 10 (14.08%), skin ulceration 9 (12.68%), dermatitis 9 (12.68%), neuritis 9 (12.68%). In the prophet prediction, the overall trend of leprosy misdiagnosis was increasing and within 1 year the number is fluctuant. The training of medical personnel at all levels on leprosy prevention and treatment should be strengthened, and the public awareness of leprosy prevention and treatment should be enhanced.
Unraveling the mechanism of tetrandrine combined with Buyang Huanwu Decoction against silicosis using network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses
Authors: Li Yi , He Song , Zhao Youdan , Jiang Hongzhan , Lyu Zhi
Published: August 2023

Silicosis is an incurable chronic disease characterized by lung fibrosis and inflammation. The combination of tetrandrine and Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) has a curative effect on silicosis. However, the mechanism of action and the key active constituent in BYHWD are still unclear. The present study employed network pharmacology and molecular docking to determine the mechanism of action and the key active components of BYHWD of Tetrandrine in combination with BYHWD for silicosis. The primary elements and targets of BYHWD were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and analysis platform. The targets associated with tetrandrine and silicosis were identified and extracted from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and GeneCards database. The potential targets for the treatment of silicosis using a combination of Tetrandrine and BYHWD were identified by considering the overlapping targets between compound drugs and silicosis. These targets were then utilized to construct protein-protein interaction networks, compound drug-ingredient-target networks, and perform enrichment analyses. The top 5 active ingredients present in the compound drug-ingredient-target network are tetrandrine, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and beta-carotene. Similarly, the top 6 hub genes in the protein-protein interaction network are FGF2, MMP-9, MMP-1, IL-10, IL-17A, and IL-6. The molecular docking suggested that the active components may easily access the active pocket of the hub gene. The in-silico investigation suggested that quercetin might be the active component in BYHWD responsible for therapeutic effectiveness against silicosis. This study identified the active compound and potential molecular mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of BYHWD in combination with tetrandrine for treating silicosis. Notably, we found that quercetin may serve as the key compound in BYHWD for the treatment of silicosis.
Lung metastasis from thyroid cancer: A case report of unusual imaging presentation of lung metastases
Authors: Song Wenjing , Liu Shiwei , Yu Yuan , Xu Qian , Liu Shuzhen , Chen Jun
Published: August 2023

Rationale:

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy of the head and neck and endocrine system. Distant metastases from TC are rare and are diagnosed in only 1% to 4% of patients, and these patients have a poor prognosis, which is the leading cause of TC-related deaths. There are few reports on metastatic TC in China and abroad, and even fewer reports on lung metastases from TC. We report a special patient with lung metastases of TC.

Patient concerns:

The patient is a 31-year-old female who was found to have both lung nodules during physical examination. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed that the density of both lung nodules was the same as the vascular density, considering that the possibility of vascular origin was not excluded.

Diagnosis:

After consultation with the whole hospital, it was considered that vascular malformations, hemangiomas, and malignant metastases were not excluded, the patient percutaneous lung biopsy had a high risk of bleeding, and thoracoscopic lobectomy could be performed in thoracic surgery to further clarify the pathology and diagnosis.

Outcomes:

The patient underwent thoracoscopic left lower lobe wedge resection on February 24, 2021. Postoperative pathology: (left lower lung mass) metastatic carcinoma, combined with morphology and immunohistochemistry, leaning toward thyroid follicular carcinoma lung metastasis. On May 27, 2021, the patient underwent “total thyroidectomy + lymph node dissection in the right cervical VI region.” Pathological examination: (right lobe and isthmus of the thyroid gland) papillary TC, follicular subtype, and classic type, with interstitial fibrosis. The patient was diagnosed with lung metastasis of TC.

Lessons:

This patient had the same CT value of lung metastases as the vascular CT value, which is relatively rare in our clinical practice and worthy of our study. The special CT imaging presentation of this TC patient with lung metastases further broadened our horizon. In clinical practice, when we encounter similar cases, we should combine more with other tests and examinations of patients to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
The efficacy and safety of tezepelumab in the treatment of uncontrolled asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lin Fei , Yu Bin , Deng Bowen , He Rong
Published: August 2023

Background:

Tezepelumab is a human thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) antibody with effects in asthma. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the overall efficacy and safety of tezepelumab for the treatment of uncontrolled asthma.

Methods:

The databases Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Clinical Trials were searched from inception to April 1, 2022. Only randomized controlled trial (RCTs) that evaluated tezepelumab and a comparator for treating uncontrolled asthma were included. Additionally, articles were limited to English. The primary outcome was clinical efficacy, and the secondary outcome was adverse events. The risk of bias and quality were assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration bias assessment tool. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager Version 5.3.

Results:

Four RCTs with a total of 1600 patients were included in the study. Pooled analysis indicated that tezepelumab had significantly decreased annualized asthma exacerbations (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.57, −0.80], P < .00001) and the asthma control questionnaire score of 6 (ACQ-6) among the patients (standard mean difference [SMD] = −0.29, 95% CI = [−0.39, −0.20], P < .00001) compared to placebo. Furthermore, tezepelumab treatment significantly improved forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1, SMD = 0.28, 95% CI = [0.11, 0.45], P = .001). Regarding safety, the pooled analysis indicated that patients treated with tezepelumab showed no significant difference in adverse events that led to discontinuation of the treatment, but they experienced some other (non-serious) adverse events compared to the placebo group. However, there was a significant decrease in the incidence of serious adverse events and any adverse events in the tezepelumab group. Tezepelumab use was associated with adverse events, including nasopharyngitis, headache, and bronchitis, despite effectively treating asthma.

Conclusion:

Tezepelumab effectively improved FEV1, reduced the disease symptom score, and decreased the risk of exacerbations in uncontrolled asthma patients. Tezepelumab was associated with some adverse events compared to placebo. This suggests that careful management of adverse events is required if tezepelumab is used to treat asthma patients.
The relationship between anxiety and irritable bowel syndrome symptoms among females: A cross-sectional study in Egypt
Authors: Abdelaziz Heba Ahmed , Ellakany Walid Ismail , Ellakany Ahmed , Dean Yomna E. , Rouzan Samah S. , Bamousa Bdoor Ahmed A. , Shebl Mohamed A. , Elawady Sameh Samir , Verma Suman , Gir Deepak , Sbitli Taher , Zaki Ibram , Motwani Lakshya , Eweis Ramy , Iqbal Naila , Shah Jaffer , Aiash Hani
Published: August 2023

There is a scarcity of studies focusing on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and anxiety in Egypt. Accordingly, our study aimed to assess the association between anxiety and IBS symptomatology among Egyptian females. Three hundred eighty-three females (145 IBS and 238 controls) were included in the study, and data were obtained using structured predesigned questionnaires. IBS and anxiety symptoms were assessed according to the Rome IV criteria and the Arabic version of the beck anxiety inventory, respectively. Both IBS and non-IBS groups showed increased anxiety during the pandemic, without a significant difference between both groups (P value = .657). Higher levels of education were significantly associated with severe anxiety (P value = .031). Multivariate analysis of IBS patients showed that intermediate education was significantly associated with 75% lower odds for increased IBS symptoms compared with illiterate or read-and-write IBS patients [odds ratio (OR): 0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06–0.95, P value = .042]. Urban residence was significantly associated with 13.5 times greater odds of increased IBS symptoms, compared with rural residence (OR: 13.48, 95% CI 3.55–51.25, P value < .001). Moreover, patients who lost their job during the pandemic were 12.9 times more likely to have increased symptoms (OR: 12.89, 95% CI 1.84–90.15, P value = 0.01). A unit increase in patients age and beck anxiety inventory score was associated with 68% and 75% greater odds for increased IBS symptoms, respectively (OR: 1.68, 95% CI 1.12–2.53, P value = .012; OR: 1.75, 95% CI 1.08–2.84, P value = .024). Increasing anxiety is associated with increased IBS symptoms. Therefore, IBS patients should be screened for anxiety, and the role of psychiatric management of anxiety in the amelioration of IBS symptoms must be explored.
Giant left atrium and management modalities (surgical vs. conservative): a case report from Mauritania
Authors: Med Sidi El Moctar Echreiva , El Hadj Sidi Chighaly , Abdulrazzak Mohammed , Eldeghedi Maher , Thoraya Abdelghader , Boye Khaled
Published: August 2023

Introduction and importance:

Giant left atrium (GLA) is a rare condition often associated with rheumatic heart disease and can lead to cardiac and extracardiac complications. In this case report, the authors present a rare case of GLA with extracardiac complications, highlighting the importance of prompt diagnosis and management.

Case presentation:

A 54-year-old woman with a 25-year history of mitral stenosis caused by rheumatic heart disease presented with symptoms of dyspnea, orthopnea, and palpitations. Diagnostic tests revealed an enlarged left atrium, pleural effusion, severe pulmonary hypertension, and tricuspid regurgitation. The patient was treated with diuretics and ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors and is currently on a medication regimen with regular follow-up appointments.

Clinical discussion:

GLA can cause cardiac and extracardiac complications, and conservative treatment and surgery are both involved in the management plan. The reduction of left atrial size by surgery may eliminate symptoms, reduce postoperative complications, and increase the probability of regaining sinus rhythm.

Conclusion:

Observational data on managing GLA is limited, and mortality can be high. Cardiovascular surgeons should carefully consider surgical options, and screening and follow-up are essential for early detection and management in patients with long-standing rheumatic heart disease.
Radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy (rESWT) for coccydynia: a prospective study of 14 patients
Authors: Lota Kabir Singh , Malliaropoulos Nikos , Bikos Georgios , Lohrer Heinz
Published: August 2023

Background:

Coccydynia is defined as pain in the coccyx. We investigated the effect of radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy (rESWT) in the management of coccydynia.

Methods:

In this prospective study, patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with coccydynia at a sports clinic located in Thessaloniki, Greece, were eligible for rESWT treatment when they reported a visual analogue scale (VAS) pain level ≥6. Treatment sessions were once weekly and ended when VAS pain levels decreased to ≤3. Recurrence rates were documented at 3-month and 12-month follow-ups.

Results:

Fourteen patients were treated using rESWT. The mean age and symptom duration of our cohort was 33.6±7.9 (range: 20–45) years and 9.4±8.5 (range: 3–36) months, respectively. The mean number of treatment sessions per patient was 6.4±1.6 (range: 4–8). The mean device pressure, frequency, and number of pulses was 1.2±0.1 (range: 1–1.4) bar, 5.0±0.1 (range: 5–6) Hz, and 2082±74.8 (range: 2000–2300) pulses, respectively. Treatment alleviated pain in all patients, and no recurrence of symptoms was reported during follow-up. There was a positive correlation between symptom duration and the number of treatment sessions (r=0.701, P=0.005). Pairwise comparison highlighted significant reductions in VAS pain levels between each stage of treatment (P<0.001).

Conclusion:

Our study affirms the safety and efficacy of rESWT in managing coccydynia.
Comprehensive Immunohistochemical Analysis of Mesonephric Marker Expression in Low-grade Endometrial Endometrioid Carcinoma
Authors: Lee Yurimi , Choi Sangjoon , Kim Hyun-Soo
Published: August 2023

Immunohistochemical markers shown to be useful in identifying/confirming mesonephric/mesonephric-like differentiation (MLD markers) include thyroid transcription factor (TTF1), GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3), and cluster of differentiation 10 (CD10). Only a few studies have examined the expression levels of MLD markers in endometrial endometrioid carcinomas (EECs). This study aimed to analyze the frequency and pattern of MLD marker expression in low-grade EECs. We performed immunostaining for the detection of TTF1, GATA3, and CD10 expression in 50 low-grade EEC tissue samples and evaluated their staining proportion and intensity. Nine tumors (18.0%) expressed at least one MLD marker in varying proportions and intensities, and 2 of these tumors were positive for 2 MLD markers (TTF1/GATA3 and GATA3/CD10, respectively). Three (6.0%) tumors showed moderate-to-strong nuclear TTF1 immunoreactivity in ≤5% of the tumor cells. Five tumors (10.0%) had at least moderate nuclear GATA3 staining, and three of them displayed a staining proportion of ≥15%. Three tumors (6.0%) were focal (mean proportion, 15%) but strongly positive for CD10. Our findings indicate that a subset of EEC can express one or more MLD markers with varying staining proportions and intensities. Given that a diagnosis of uterine mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma should be established based on a combination of characteristic histologic features, unique immunophenotypes, and confirmed molecular findings, pathologists should not exclude EEC based only on the presence of focal immunoreactivity for MLD markers. Awareness of the atypical expression patterns of MLD markers in EEC helps pathologists avoid misdiagnosing EEC as a uterine mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma.
Excellent Response to Full-Dose 177Lu-PSMA-617 RLT in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With Transplant Kidney
Authors: Mahdi Raza Abbas , Aggarwal Piyush , Kumar Suraj , Sood Ashwani , Paul Davinder , Mittal Bhagwant Rai
Published: August 2023

177Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy (RLT) has shown very encouraging results in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients with acceptable adverse events. The adverse events of RLT are mainly limited to salivary glands and kidneys. However, there is dearth of available data of RLT in transplanted kidney patients with mCRPC. Here is a case of 68-year-old mCRPC patient with history of renal transplant who underwent 4 cycles of 177Lu-PSMA-617 RLT (~7.4 GBq/cycle). Posttherapy serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate remained stable along with excellent response and symptomatic improvement, thus demonstrating the safety of full dose of 177Lu-PSMA in renal transplant patients.
68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 Imaging of Bilateral Phyllodes Tumor
Authors: Alçın Göksel , Arslan Esra , Baykara Ulusan Melis , Aksoy Tamer , Ergül Nurhan , Çermik Tevfik Fikret
Published: August 2023

We present a case of bilateral Phyllodes tumor located in both breasts in a 41-year-old woman who was detected with increased uptake on68Ga-FAPI-04 (fibroblast activation protein inhibitor) and18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. The tumor filling up the right breast was identified as borderline Phyllodes. The tumor with mild uptake in the left breast was reported as a benign Phyllodes tumor.
What it means to be alive: a synthetic cell perspective
Authors: Elani Yuval , Seddon John M.
Published: August 2023

Advances in bottom-up synthetic biology offer the exciting—albeit contentious—prospect of transitioning bio-science researchers from passive observers of life to potential creators of it. Synthetic cells closely emulate the attributes of their biological counterparts. These rationally designed microsystems exhibit emergent properties and life-like functionalities. They can therefore be used as simplified cell models to decipher the rules of life, and as programmable biologically powered micromachines for application in healthcare and biotechnology more broadly. While there is a consensus that current synthetic cells are not yet ‘living’, the question of what defines ‘aliveness’ is gaining increasing relevance. Exploring this concept necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, where scientists from across domains in the physical, life, engineering and social sciences participate in community-level discussions, together with the acceptance of a set of criteria which defines a living system. Achieving a widely accepted definition of ‘living’ represents a possible mission-oriented endpoint to the synthetic cell endeavour, uniting the community towards a common goal. As the field evolves, researchers must address regulatory, ethical, societal and public perception implications, while fostering collaborative efforts to harness the transformative potential of synthetic cells.
Isolation of Bioactive Compounds from Low-cost Agricultural Resources and its Utilization in Daily Life.
Authors: Debnath Anirban , Das Arpita
Published: August 2023

The ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous decoction of whole plant of Oxalis corniculate Linn was evaluated for its anti‐microbial and antioxidant properties by in vitro methods.  Methanolic and ethanolic decoctions showed significant antibacterial property against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi bacterial strains. In comparison to Chloramphenicol (C30) against bacteria, ethanolic decoctions showed significant effect, among the decoctions. Nowadays though the standard soap is in a huge demand but it’s also facing major backlashes due to the presence of synthetic compounds in it, which over long use may cause harmful effects on the skin health. Therefore, the organic soaps which are made up of natural ingredients, herbs or any sort ayurvedic compound have less side effects on the human skin and are much safer than standard daily soap. The formulated therapeutic soap exhibits significant amount of reducing potential (high FRAP and TAC values) and antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS assay).The ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous decoction of whole plant of Oxalis corniculate Linn was evaluated for its anti‐microbial and antioxidant properties by in vitro methods.  Methanolic and ethanolic decoctions showed significant antibacterial property against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi bacterial strains. In comparison to Chloramphenicol (C30) against bacteria, ethanolic decoctions showed significant effect, among the decoctions. Nowadays though the standard soap is in a huge demand but it’s also facing major backlashes due to the presence of synthetic compounds in it, which over long use may cause harmful effects on the skin health. Therefore, the organic soaps which are made up of natural ingredients, herbs or any sort ayurvedic compound have less side effects on the human skin and are much safer than standard daily soap. The formulated therapeutic soap exhibits significant amount of reducing potential (high FRAP and TAC values) and antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS assay).
Gillisia lutea sp. nov., isolated from marine aluminium residues from the Mediterranean sea
Authors: Vidal-Verdú Àngela , Molina-Menor Esther , Pascual Javier , Peretó Juli , Porcar Manuel
Published: August 2023

A novel Gram-reaction-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore forming, orange-pigmented bacterium identified as M10.2AT, was isolated from marine residues submerged on the Malva-rosa beach (València, Spain), on the western coast of the Mediterranean Sea. This strain was catalase-positive and oxidase-negative and grew under mesophilic, neutrophilic and halophilic conditions. With respect to the 16S rRNA gene sequences, M10.2AT showed similarities with

Gillisia mitskevichiae

DSM 19839T and Gillisia hiemivida IC154T (97.57 and 97.50 % gene sequence similarity, respectively). The genome of M10.2AT was sequenced and has been deposited in the DDBJ/ENA/GenBank databases under the accession code JAKGTH000000000. The genomic DNA G+C content was 36.13 %. Its adscription to a novel species of the genus

Gillisia

was confirmed by the genomic indexes average nucleotide identity by blast (ANIb) and digital DNA–DNA hybridisation (dDDH). The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1G, iso-C16 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c). According to the results of this polyphasic study, strain M10.2AT represents a novel species of the genus

Gillisia

, for which name Gillisia lutea sp. nov. (type strain M10.2AT = CECT 30308T = DSM 112385T) is proposed.
Faecalibacterium hominis Liu et al. 2023 is a later heterotypic synonym of Faecalibacterium duncaniae Sakamoto et al. 2022
Authors: Sakamoto Mitsuo , Sakurai Naomi , Tanno Hiroki , Iino Takao , Ohkuma Moriya , Endo Akihito
Published: August 2023

A strain of the recently validated species

Faecalibacterium hominis

shares 99.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strain of

Faecalibacterium duncaniae

. The aim of this study was to evaluate the taxonomic relationship between

F. hominis

and F. duncaniae. F. duncaniae JCM 31915T showed 73.0 % digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) value with

F. hominis

JCM 39347T. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) value between these two strains was 96.7 %. These results indicate that

F. duncaniae

JCM 31915T and

F. hominis

JCM 39347T represent members of the same species. Based on these data, we propose

Faecalibacterium hominis

as a later heterotypic synonym of

Faecalibacterium duncaniae

. An emended description is provided.
Treatment of Shengqingtongqiao Decoction for mild cognitive impairment of white matter lesions: Study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel controlled trial
Authors: Zhang YueChan , Han XueYi , Zhang JieQing , Wei ZiJun , Mei JiaNing , Long Xie , Zhen XiaoMin , Zhang YunYun
Published: August 2023

Background

White matter lesions(WML) is an important cause of mild cognitive impairment(MCI). Ginkgo biloba extracts (GBTs) are widely used to treat cognitive dysfunctions. But the treatment of MCI is still limited. Shenqingtongqiao Decoction(SQTQD), as a clinical empirical formula, has received good feedback in treating MCI of WML. However, there was a lack of solid clinical research on SQTQD in treating MCI. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of SQTQD in the MCI patients of WML.

Methods

This is a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-controlled trial. 80 participants will be assigned to receive SQTQD granules plus GBTs mimetics or SQTQD mimetic granules plus GBTs in a 1:1 ratio. The trial will last 24 weeks, including a 12-week intervention and 12-week follow-up. The primary outcome is MoCA and AVLT. The secondary outcome is a neuropsychological battery (including MMSE, SCWT, TMT, DST, SDMT, BNT, VFT, and CDT), quality of life(BI, ADL, and FAQ scores), emotion assessment(PHQ-9, GAD-7 score), Fazekas and ARWMCs scale, and fMRI. Researchers will record any adverse events throughout the trial.

Discussion

This study will provide evidence to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SQTQD for MCI of WML compared with GBTs.

The trial is registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Number: ChiCTR2300068552)
CLINICAL EFFICACY OF PLASMID ENCODING P62/SQSTM1 (ELENAGEN) IN COMBINATION WITH GEMCITABINE IN PATIENTS WITH PLATINUM-RESISTANT OVARIAN CANCER
Authors: Krasny Sergei , Baranau Yauheni , Polyakov Sergey , Zharkova Ekaterina , Streltsova Olga , Filimonava Aliona , Siarheyeva Volha , Kazlouskaya Sviatlana , Khorau Anton , Gabai Vladimir , Shneider Alexander
Published: August 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate safety and efficacy of ELENAGEN, a novel anticancer therapeutics (plasmid DNA encoding p62/SQSTM1) protein, as an adjuvant to chemotherapy with Gemcitabin (GEM) in patients with advanced platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

Patients and Methods

This was a prospective randomized multi-center study with two arms. Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2days 1,8 every 3 weeks) was administered in both arms: In the Chemo arm (n = 20) GEM was the only treatment, and in the ELENAGEN arm (n = 20) GEM was supplemented with ELENAGEN (2.5 mg i.m. weekly). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoint was safety. Antitumor activity was assessed by RECIST 1.1 criteria. Safety was assessed on the basis of adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs (SAEs) according to NCI CTCAE version 5.0.

Results

To data cut-off, the median follow-up was 13.8 months. There were no SAE -related to ELENAGEN treatment. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.8 and 7.2 mo in Chemo and ELENAGEN arms respectively (p Log-Rank = 0.03). Noteworthy, at the time of cut-off, 9 patients (45%) in Elenagen arm did not progress with the longest PFS recorded so far is 24 months. Subgroup analysis of patients in both arms demonstrated high efficacy of Elenagen in the patients with worse prognosis: high pretreatment levels of CA125, progression after only one line of chemotherapy, and peritoneal effusion.

Conclusions

Addition of ELENAGEN to Gemcitabine is effective in patients with ovarian cancer, including those with a worse prognosis.
A cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase interacts with begomovirus capsid proteins and modulates virus retention within its vector
Authors: Ghosh Saptarshi , Mondal Banani , Jassar Ola , Ghanim Murad , Gautam Saurabh , Srinivasan Rajagopalbabu
Published: August 2023

Begomoviruses are whitefly-transmitted ss-DNA viruses infecting dicotyledonous plants and contribute to major economic losses to global crop production. Invasion and establishment of an aggressive species ofB. tabaci, known as the B cryptic species, has severely constrained vegetable production in the southeastern and southwestern United States. Disruption of genes/pathways critical for whitefly mediated transmission can be effective for the management of begomoviruses. In this study, yeast two hybrid (Y2H)-based screening ofB. tabacicDNA library identified a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE4) of the whitefly as an interacting partner with capsid proteins (CPs) of old- and new-world begomoviruses. Interactions of PDE4 with begomovirus CPs were validated by GST-pull-down assays, co-immunoprecipitation, and co-immunolocalization in whitefly midgut. The PDE4 family of enzymes hydrolyze cAMP and regulate intracellular cAMP levels. This study revealed that elevation of cAMP within whitefly by chemically inhibiting or gene (PDE4) silencing resulted in increased retention and transmission of begomoviruses. Similarly, decreased cAMP levels resulted in reduced begomovirus retention. The results of this study demonstrate that whitefly mediated transmission of begomoviruses is regulated by intracellular cAMP by unknown mechanisms.

Importance

Begomoviruses, transmitted by the sweetpotato whitefly, (Bemisa tabaci Gennadius), are the causal agents of many economically important plant virus diseases. Lack of host plant resistance against begomoviruses, high whitefly abundance, and whitefly’s ability to develop insecticide resistance rapidly often renders commonly used management practice ineffective. This study demonstrates how begomovirus retention within whitefly and its transmission can be modulated by altering cAMP expression of its insect vector. Naturally occurring bio-pesticides that target insect cAMPs are known. Our findings can lead to alternative strategies for the management of begomoviruses by targeting whitefly cAMP using chemicals, botanicals, or RNAi-based insecticides.
The sterol C-24 methyltransferase encoding gene,erg6, is essential for viability ofAspergillusspecies
Authors: Xie Jinhong , Rybak Jeffrey M. , Martin-Vicente Adela , Guruceaga Xabier , Thorn Harrison I. , Nywening Ashley V. , Ge Wenbo , Parker Josie E. , Kelly Steven L. , Rogers P. David , Fortwendel Jarrod R.
Published: August 2023

Ergosterol is a critical component of fungal plasma membranes. Although many currently available antifungal compounds target the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway for antifungal effect, current knowledge regarding ergosterol synthesis remains incomplete for filamentous fungal pathogens likeAspergillus fumigatus. Here, we show for the first time that the lipid droplet-associated sterol C-24 methyltransferase, Erg6, is essential forA. fumigatusviability. We further show that this essentiality extends to additionalAspergillusspecies, includingA. lentulus, A. terreus,andA. nidulans. Neither the overexpression of a putativeerg6paralog,smt1,nor the exogenous addition of ergosterol could rescueerg6deficiency. Importantly, Erg6 downregulation results in a dramatic decrease in ergosterol and accumulation in lanosterol and is further characterized by diminished sterol-rich plasma membrane domains (SRDs) at hyphal tips. Unexpectedly,erg6repressed strains demonstrate wild-type susceptibility against the ergosterol-active triazole and polyene antifungals. Finally, repressingerg6expression reduced fungal burden accumulation in a murine model of invasive aspergillosis. Taken together, our studies suggest that Erg6, which shows little homology to mammalian proteins, is potentially an attractive antifungal drug target for therapy ofAspergillusinfections.

IMPORTANCE

A. fumigatusis the most common pathogen that causes invasive aspergillosis, a life-threatening fungal infection with more than 300,000 cases reported annually. Available antifungals to treatAspergillus-related infection are limited to three drug classes targeting the plasma membrane (ergosterol) or the cell wall, each of which suffer from either host toxicity or rising resistance levels. As ergosta-type sterols are absent in mammalian cells but are essential for fungal viability, the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway remains an enticing target for the development of new antifungals. Although ergosterol biosynthesis has been well studied in model yeast, only a few genes have been genetically characterized inA. fumigatus. Here, we characterize Erg6, one of the fungus-specific sterol biosynthesis genes, as an essential gene inAspergillusspecies. We further providein vivoevidence of the importance of Erg6 for establishment of invasive aspergillosis. Given the importance of Erg6 in other fungal systems for growth, stress resistance, and virulence, our study suggests that development of Erg6 inhibitors may be a promising strategy for developing novel broad-spectrum antifungals.
North American Powassan virus encompasses diversein vitrophenotypes
Authors: McMinn Rebekah J. , Langsjoen Rose M. , Normandin Erica , Stampfer Samuel D. , Sabeti Pardis C. , Piantadosi Anne , Ebel Gregory D.
Published: August 2023

Powassan virus (POWV) is a tick-borne flavivirus which has resulted in increasing human cases over the past two decades. Despite high prevalence in ticks and evidence of broad distribution in North America, fewer than 50 human cases are detected annually with evidence of undetected asymptomatic infections. Experimental studies of the relationships between POWV genetic diversity and disease potential are currently lacking. In the present study, sixteen isolates originating from 13 locations in the United States and Canada were used to assessin vitrophenotypic diversity in human neuronal cells. Broad differences in replication and cytopathic ability were observed between isolates, even amongst those in the same sublineage.In vitrophenotype was not associated with geographic or temporal location and could not be associated with specific genotypes. These results support the observation that the North American POWV population may be highly genetically and phenotypically diverse. The degree to whichin vitrophenotype reflects transmission and pathogenesis remains to be determined.
Ancient Mongolian aurochs genomes reveal sustained introgression and management in East Asia
Authors: Brunson Katherine , Witt Kelsey E. , Monge Susan , Williams Sloan , Peede David , Odsuren Davaakhuu , Bukhchuluun Dashzeveg , Cameron Asa , Szpak Paul , Amartuvshin Chunag , Honeychurch William , Wright Joshua , Pleuger Sarah , Erdene Myagmar , Tumen Dashtseveg , Rogers Leland , Khatanbaatar Dorjpurev , Batdalai Byambatseren , Galdan Ganbaatar , Janz Lisa
Published: August 2023

Societies in East Asia have utilized domesticated cattle for over 5000 years, but the genetic history of cattle in East Asia remains understudied. Genome-wide analyses of 23 ancient Mongolian cattle reveal that East Asian aurochs and ancient East Asian taurine cattle are closely related, but neither are closely related to any modern East Asian breeds. We observe binary variation in aurochs diet throughout the early Neolithic, and genomic evidence shows millennia of sustained male-dominated introgression. We identify a unique connection between ancient Mongolian aurochs and the European Hereford breed. These results point to the likelihood of human management of aurochs in Northeast Asia prior to and during the initial adoption of taurine cattle pastoralism.

One-Sentence Summary

Ancient interbreeding of East Asian aurochs and cattle suggests management, but leaves no signature in modern eastern breeds.
Validation of an antigenic site targeted by monoclonal antibodies against Puumala virus
Authors: Plyusnin Alexander , Kedari Ashwini , Rissanen Ilona , Iheozor-Ejiofor Rommel Paneth , Lundkvist Åke , Vapalahti Olli , Levanov Lev
Published: August 2023

Identification of B-cell epitopes facilitates the development of vaccines, therapeutic antibodies and diagnostic tools. Previously, the binding site of the bank vole monoclonal antibody (mAb) 4G2 against Puumala virus (PUUV, an orthohantavirus in theHantaviridaefamily of theBunyaviralesorder) was predicted using a combination of methods, including pepscan, phage-display, and site-directed mutagenesis of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) particles pseudotyped with Gn and Gc glycoproteins from PUUV. These techniques led to the identification of the neutralization escape mutation F915A. To our surprise, a recent crystal structure of PUUV Gc in complex with Fab 4G2 revealed that residue F915 is distal from epitope of mAb 4G2. To clarify this issue and explore potential explanations for the inconsistency, we designed a mutagenesis experiment to probe the 4G2 epitope, with three PUUV pseudoviruses carrying amino acid changes E725A, S944F, and S946F, located within the structure-based 4G2 epitope in the Gc. These amino acid changes were able to convey neutralization escape from 4G2, and S944F and S946F also conveyed escape from neutralization by human mAb 1C9. Furthemore, our mapping of all the known neutralization evasion sites from hantaviral Gcs onto PUUV Gc revealed that over 60% of these sites reside within or close to the epitope of mAb 4G2, indicating that this region represents a crucial area targeted by neutralizing antibodies against various hantaviruses. The identification of this site of vulnerability could guide the creation of subunit vaccines against PUUV and other hantaviruses in the future.
Accounting to promote ethical tolerance: the case of the Italian prostitution model (1860)
Authors: Gatti Marco , Poli Simone
Published: August 2023

Purpose

This paper explores the role that the control system – understood as a set of financial and non-financial mechanisms – introduced by the Ministerial Decree of 15th February 1860 played in promoting the ethical tolerance of prostitution in the Kingdom of Italy.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative research method was adopted. Specifically, this study draws on literature on accounting and deviant behaviors and on Suchman's theories of legitimation (1995) to interpret empirical evidence collected from archival primary sources as well as secondary sources.

Findings

The paper highlights how the accounting mechanisms introduced by the law were molded to limit the serious consequences of prostitution from a public health standpoint and to demonstrate that the State neither profited from prostitution nor used public money to fund it. This should have stimulated ethical tolerance of the law itself and, consequently, of the prostitution that was regulated.

Originality/value

This paper opens a new research avenue in the field of accounting history by exploring the connection between accounting and prostitution. Moreover, unlike the extant literature on accounting and deviant behaviors, this study delves into the role played by accounting mechanisms to promote ethical tolerance rather than to activate normalization processes.
Dry sliding wear behavior of additively manufactured cenosphere-filled PETG syntactic foam composites
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , Negi Sushant
Published: August 2023

Purpose

This study aims to deal with developing composite filaments and investigating the tribological behavior of additively manufactured syntactic foam composites. The primary objective is to examine the suitability of the cenosphere (CS; 0–30 Wt.%) to develop a high-quality lightweight composite structure with improved abrasion strength.

Design/methodology/approach

CS/polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) composite feedstock filaments under optimized extrusion conditions were developed, and a fused filament fabrication process was used to prepare CS-filled PETG composite structures under optimal printing conditions. Significant parameters such as CS (0–30 Wt.%), sliding speed (200–800 rpm) and typical load (10–40 N) were used to minimize the dry sliding wear rate and coefficient of friction for developed composites.

Findings

The friction coefficient and specific wear rate (SWR) are most affected by the CS weight percentage and applied load, respectively. However, nozzle temperature has the least effect on the friction coefficient and SWR. A mathematical model predicts the composite material’s SWR and coefficient of friction with 87.5% and 95.2% accuracy, respectively.

Practical implications

Because of their tailorable physical and mechanical properties, CS/PETG lightweight composite structures can be used in low-density and damage-tolerance applications.

Social implications

CS, an industrial waste material, is used to develop lightweight syntactic foam composites for advanced engineering applications.

Originality/value

CS-reinforced PETG composite filaments were developed to fabricate ultra-light composite structures through a 3D printing routine.
An analysis of Dalaman International Airport’s (LTBS) noise prediction model and assessment of its noise impact
Authors: Kafali Hasim , Güçlü İbrahim
Published: August 2023

Purpose

In this context, this study aims to obtain information about the noise levels emitted to the environment by modeling the noise map of Dalaman Airport and correlating these noise values according to the Environmental Noise Directive (END) and World Health Organization (WHO) limits.

Design/methodology/approach

Dalaman Airport Aeronautical Information Publication and 2022 flight data from the airport were analyzed. The noise levels exposed to schools and health institutions were determined using the Cnossos–Eu calculation method.

Findings

Maximum noise levels were obtained as Lden 92.29 dB(A), Lday 85.24 dB(A), Levening 89.00 dB(A) and Lnight 85.23 dB(A) according to the noise indicators. Limit values recommended by the END and WHO according to noise indicator types and measurement results were correlated and evaluated.

Originality/value

In the noise modeling of Dalaman Airport, there has previously been no evaluation of the noise limits recommended according to END or WHO in the literature.
Leaders' Machiavellian traits and servant leadership behaviors – A gender perspective
Authors: Xiu Lin , van Dierendonck Dirk , Lv Feng
Published: August 2023

Purpose

Two studies are designed to address the research questions including an experimental study and a field study. The experimental study manipulated Servant Leadership (SL vs. non-SL), leaders' Machiavellianism (H-Mach vs L-Mach), and leaders' gender (male vs. female), and measured leadership effectiveness. The second study is a survey study that collected data from employees regarding their interaction with supervisors and their perceptions of supervisors' leadership behaviors.

Design/methodology/approach

Leadership behaviors can correspond to or deviate from leaders' personality traits. This study aims to study the interplay of two seemingly opposite constructs in leadership – a power-pursuing and manipulation-oriented trait (i.e. Machiavellianism) and an other-oriented leadership style (i.e. servant leadership behaviors) by examining whether the effect of servant leadership behaviors on perceived leadership effectiveness varies across high and low levels of Machiavellian traits. Furthermore, built upon gender role congruency theory, the researchers pay particular attention to the (leader) gender's role in the paradox of Machiavellian traits and servant leadership behaviors.

Findings

Results from the two studies show that the relationship between servant leadership behaviors and followers' ratings of leaders' effectiveness varies with leaders' Machiavellian traits. More engagement in servant leadership behaviors serves as a remedy for high-Mach leaders to achieve leadership effectiveness, and this remedy effect tends to be greater for women leaders.

Originality/value

To the authors' best knowledge, this is one of the first attempts that examine the interplay of servant leadership behaviors and Machiavellianism on perceived leader effectiveness. The authors also contribute to the gender leadership literature by providing evidence for the contingencies of leaders' genders when employees evaluate leadership effectiveness with consideration for the dual demands for agency and communion from women leaders.
Health insurance coverage and maternal health services in Rwanda: a policy paradox
Authors: Malik Manzoor Ahmad , Alemu Wondimagegnehu
Published: August 2023

Purpose

Research has found a strong correlation between maternal healthcare and health insurance coverage. But, despite having one of the best health coverage systems in the developing world, Rwanda still faces formidable challenges in provision certain key maternal health services, leading to higher levels of maternal morbidity and mortality. To understand this paradox, this study will examine the association between maternal health services and insurance coverage, utilizing the latest data from the Rwanda Demographic Health Survey.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a sample of 6,167 childbearing women aged 15–49 years, a bivariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to examine the paradoxical relationship between health insurance and maternal health services, such as antenatal care, in Rwanda.

Findings

The results reveal significant differences in ANC4+ and the timing of the first ANC, which remain low in Rwanda. Despite significant improvements in delivery factors and skilled ANC providers, ANC4+ rates in the country remain the lowest. However, this study found a positive and significant association between ANC4+ and insurance coverage (AOR = 1.64, p < 0.001).

Originality/value

Rwanda has implemented an effective health insurance policy, but there has been minimal progress in the utilization of maternal health services. Therefore, there is a strong need for policy interventions to reduce barriers to healthcare utilization. Additionally, supply-side factors such as transportation, socio-cultural factors and other logistic barriers should be examined in greater detail. These factors may overshadow the impact of health insurance on the utilization of healthcare services in Rwanda.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-01-2023-0059