bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The evaluation of drop size distrubutions captured by two weather radars in mid Missouri
Authors:   , Farr Moses
Published: March 2024

In 2015, an X-band dual-polarization Doppler radar (MZZU) was installed in Columbia, Missouri. Its goal is to fill a gap in radar coverage and provide a precipitation climatology for Mid-Missouri. MZZU captures precipitation data by transmitting frequencies at 9.35 GHz. During heavy rainfall events, however, the power of the emitted X-band waves is attenuated. Currently, an attenuation correction algorithm is processing MZZU data to improve the accuracy of the radar. This study uses a K-band vertical pointed microwave rain radar (MRR) to evaluate the need to further calibrate MZZU data. Eight events were analyzed and the correlation of attenuated corrected reflectivity from MZZU and reflectivity from the MRR were calculated. The correlation of reflectivity values was 0.77 with a RMSE of 4.73 dBZ in all elevations. MZZU underestimated reflectivity values with an average negative bias of 7.71 dBZ. A linear regression line was fitted as well with slope values ranging from 0.61-0.71. Specifically in events with moderate rainfall, the correlation improved with R2 values greater than 0.9; however, the bias increased to 11.68 dBZ. This suggests that radome attenuation may be resulting in higher biases in moderate rain events. In all events and elevations, MZZU underestimated reflectivity compared to the MRR. However, the values obtained from the linear relationship between MZZU and the MRR may be used in future studies to calibrate MZZU reflectivity values.
A meta-study on optimizing healthcare performance with artificial intelligence and machine learning
Authors: Lainjo Bongs
Published: March 2024

This study explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in healthcare, focusing on enhancing patient care through operational efficiency and medical innovation. Employing a meta-study approach, it comprehensively analyzes the applications and ethical aspects of AI and ML in healthcare, highlighting successful implementations like IBM Watson for Oncology and Google DeepMind’s AlphaFold. The research emphasizes AI’s significant contributions to diagnostics, precision medicine, and medical imaging interpretation, alongside its role in optimizing healthcare operations and enabling personalized medicine through data analysis. However, it also addresses challenges such as algorithmic bias, safety, data privacy, and the need for regulatory frameworks. The study underlines the importance of continued research, interdisciplinary collaboration, and adaptive regulations to ensure the responsible and ethical use of AI and ML in healthcare.
A systematic review exploring the effectiveness of Hypnotherapy as an intervention for the cessation of smoking in individual
Authors: Rimjhim Agrawal  , Shania Aldons  , Rabia Sabreen  , Rekha Wagani
Published: March 2024

A significant number of individuals who smoke understand the risks of smoking but are unsuccessful when it comes to implementing smoking cessation. Hypnotherapy is often described as a tool that helps individuals shift their self-image from that of a smoker to a non-smoker. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the status of existing research on the impact of hypnotherapy on smoking cessation in terms of type of hypnotherapy, type of application, relapse rate, duration of intervention, extent, and safety of smoking cessation, along the effectiveness in comparison with other pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. For this study, the authors used databases such as APA, Scopus, PubMed, JSTOR, and Frontiers for studies that used hypnotic interventions for smoking cessation. The Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were adhered to for screening of the research papers and finalizing of data, from which the PRISMA flowchart was constructed. The authors extracted data on the nature and characteristics of the studies, the types of interventions used [hypnotherapy as a sole intervention or paired with other interventions], characteristics of the sample population [sample size, control groups, and demographic details of the sample], duration of the interventions, and the method of assessment of smoking abstinence. The results show that there is inconclusive effect of hypnotherapy on smoking cessation in the target population. Hypnotherapy has an apparent effect on behavior formation and change; this review paper will consequently serve to provide a holistic understanding of smoking cessation and hypnotherapy as a tool for it.
IDONEIDAD DIDÁCTICA PARA ANALIZAR UNA SECUENCIA DE GEOMETRÍA
Authors: Garcia Mora Elvira , Díez-Palomar Javier
Published: March 2024

El La reflexión sobre la práctica docente permite relacionar las producciones de los alumnos con elementos de la secuencia didáctica. El constructo idoneidad didáctica del Enfoque Onto-Semiótico (EOS) permite identificar con precisión los criterios susceptibles de mejora. El currículo mexicano plantea contenidos relacionados con el aprendizaje de la geometría enfocados en el dibujo geométrico en secundaria. El objetivo de esta comunicación es mostrar un procedimiento sistematizado para valorar las idoneidades parciales que integran la idoneidad didáctica por medio la identificación del nivel de cumplimiento de los indicadores de cada uno de los componentes. Los elementos para determinar el nivel de cumplimiento surgen tanto de la instrucción del profesor como de las producciones de los alumnos. Como resultado, el criterio menos desarrollado es el interaccional, aspecto no tenido en cuenta en la planificación de la actividad. Por otra parte, el uso de materiales manipulativos (instrumentos de dibujo geométrico), explica que el criterio mediacional tuviese el mayor nivel de cumplimiento. Se concluye que el uso del instrumento idoneidad didáctica permite que le docente pueda identificar cuáles son los indicadores ausentes para poder rediseñar la tarea de manera más coherente.
Qualità della vita e depressione nei professori nell’ambito della salute
Authors: Andrade Viviane Goston Freitas , Aragão Iapunira Catarina Sant’Anna , Aragão Felipe Matheus Sant’Anna , Andrade Jéssica Cândido Silva , Guerra Danilo Ribeiro , Mendonça Deise Maria Furtado de , Feitosa Vera Lúcia Correa , Reis Francisco Prado , Aragão José Aderval
Published: March 2024

Contesto: La qualità della vita, in termini generali, può essere considerata come la percezione delle aspettative e dei modi di pensare riguardo alla propria soddisfazione nella vita. A causa dell’accumulo e della varietà delle loro funzioni, come il carico di lavoro, l’ambiente e le richieste lavorative, i docenti sono esposti a rischi psicosociali maggiori, che possono scatenare un sovraccarico e renderli suscettibili allo stress lavorativo, che può portare all’esaurimento mentale e conseguentemente alla depressione. Obiettivo: Analizzare la qualità della vita (QoL) e la depressione nei professori di sanità di un’università pubblica nello stato di Sergipe. Metodi: Studio descrittivo, trasversale con approccio quantitativo, condotto su 146 professori nell’ambito della sanità dell’Università Federale di Sergipe. Sono stati utilizzati tre strumenti di raccolta dati, il Whoqol-Bref, l’Inventario di Depressione di Beck e un questionario sociodemografico. La raccolta dati è avvenuta da febbraio a novembre 2015. I dati sono stati analizzati in modo descrittivo e analitico. Risultati: Dei 146 professori valutati nell’ambito della sanità, il 58,2% erano donne, con un’età media di 44,44 anni. La maggior parte lavorava in regime di dedica esclusiva (52,05%) ed era insoddisfatta delle condizioni (70,5%) e della remunerazione salariale (78,8%). La maggior parte dei professori aveva una percezione positiva della propria qualità della vita (84,9%) ed era soddisfatta della propria salute (67,8%). La prevalenza di professori con depressione era del 29,5%, la maggior parte dei quali lieve. Conclusioni: I professori, per la maggior parte, erano soddisfatti della QoL e della salute. Tuttavia, la prevalenza della depressione era alta e c’era un’associazione con la QoL, l’insoddisfazione delle condizioni lavorative e delle attività ricreative. Si raccomanda maggiore attenzione ai professori nell’ambito della sanità da parte della gestione universitaria, con l’obiettivo di sviluppare azioni di promozione della salute nell’ambiente universitario.
ВПЛИВ ГЕНОТИПУ І ПЕРЕДЗАБІЙНОЇ МАСИ НА ХІМІЧНИЙ СКЛАД М’ЯСА СВИНЕЙ
Authors: Бірта Габріелла Олександрівна , Бургу Юрій Георгійович , Котова Зоя Яківна , Левошко Надія Василівна
Published: March 2024

У статті розглянуто результати дослідження основних показників хімічного складу (вміст загальної вологи, сухої речовини, внутрішньо-м’язового жиру, протеїну та золи), найдовшого м’яза спини свиней різних генотипів двох вагових кондицій (100 і 120 кг). Дослідження проводились на чистопородному поголів’ї свиней порід різного напряму продуктивності: І група – велика біла порода (ВБ), ІІ група – миргородська порода (М), ІІІ група – полтавська м’ясна порода (ПМ), ІV група – порода ландрас (Л), V група – червона білопояса порода (ЧБП). Відгодівля здійснювалась за трьома рівнями: середньодобові прирости – 250–350 г (типовий рівень), 600–800 г (середній рівень) та 800–1000 г (інтенсивний рівень). Результати досліджень хімічного складу найдовшого м'яза спини підтвердили той факт, що такі показники, як вміст протеїну та жиру в м'ясі визначаються перш за все породним фактором. З віком у свиней відбувається зниження вмісту вологи в м’язовій тканині. При середньодобових приростах 250–350 г не визначено вагомої різниці між показниками кількісті протеїну, яка коливалась на рівні 19,88–19,93 % за передзабійної маси 100 кг та 18,08–19,43 % – 120 кг. В певній мірі низькі прирости живої маси не дали змогу проявитись генетичним можливостям свиней різних генотипів. При середньодобових приростах 600-800 г кількість вологи в м’ясі знаходилась в межах фізіологічної норми, статистично значущої різниці між групами свиней за цим показником не встановлено. Вміст жиру в м’ясі свиней сального напряму був значно вищий – 3,12 і 3,98 %, ніж у дослідних тварин м’ясних порід як за передзабійної живої маси 100 кг, так і 120 кг. При середньодобових приростах 800-1000 г встановлено, що м’ясо тварин, отриманих від м’ясних генотипів, відрізнялось підвищеним вмістом протеїну та нижчим вмістом жиру. З підвищенням передзабійної живої маси зі 100 до 120 кг у м’ясі тварин усіх досліджуваних генотипів простежувалась тенденція до підвищення вмісту внутрішньо-м’язового жиру завдяки зменшенню вмісту вологи та протеїну.
ВЕТЕРИНАРНО-САНІТАРНА ОЦІНКА МЕДУ ТА ІНШИХ ПРОДУКТІВ БДЖІЛЬНИЦТВА ЗА ПОКАЗНИКАМИ ЯКОСТІ І БЕЗПЕЧНОСТІ
Authors: Котелевич Валентина Антонівна , Гуральська Світлана Василівна , Гончаренко Володимир Васильович
Published: March 2024

Метою здійснення огляду було надати ветеринарно-санітарну оцінку меду та іншим продуктам бджільництва за показниками якості і безпечності у світлі сучасних досліджень для забезпечення безпеки споживача. Великою проблемою сьогодення є зниження захисних функцій організму населення України, збільшення онкологічних, серцево-судинних та інших захворювань, що пов’язано зі зниженням активності антиоксидантної системи за рахунок впливу неповноцінного харчування, стресів (війна), забруднення навколишнього середовища радіоактивними та іншими шкідливими речовинами. Антиоксиданти природного або штучного походження здатні зв’язувати зайві вільні радикали та перешкоджають прискореному окисленню ліпідів і утворенню небажаних продуктів окислення, а отже зміцнюють захисні функції організму. Найкращими джерелами природних антиоксидантів є продукти бджільництва. Мед містить значну кількість ферментів, фенолів, органічних кислот і флавоноїдів. Особливо багато антиоксидантів в темних сортах меду. Науково підтверджені антибактеріальні властивості продуктів бджільництва: меду, прополісу, бджолиної отрути, перги, маточного молочка, бджолиного обніжжя. Проте продукти бджільництва мають високі адсорбційні властивості, а тому можуть бути потенційно небезпечними для здоров’я людини внаслідок накопичення шкідливих речовин, що знаходяться у ґрунті, воді і повітрі та застосованих для лікування бджіл антибактеріальних препаратів. Велику небезпеку становить застосування в рослинництві препаратів системної дії, що здатні накопичуватися у пилку і нектарі. Оскільки ціни на мед в 5-10 разів вищі, ніж на цукор, то він часто піддається фальсифікації. Тому його якість і безпечність відносяться до національних пріоритетів будь-якої держави. Для забезпечення виробництва безпечного меду і продуктів бджільництва, їх конкурентоспроможності на зовнішньому ринку і довіру споживачів на внутрішньому у період техногенного забруднення навколишнього середовища, необхідно здійснювати посилений ветеринарно-санітарний контроль на всіх рівнях – від виробництва, зберігання, постачальника-заготівельника до роздрібного споживача, проводити моніторингові дослідження, що є важливою складовою продовольчої безпеки. Актуальним є систематичний перегляд вітчизняної нормативної документації на продукти бджільництва, яка потребує оптимізації.
ТЕМА ТИБЕТУ В ОЛІЙНОМУ ФІГУРАТИВНОМУ МИСТЕЦТВІ КИТАЮ КІНЦЯ XX – ПОЧАТКУ XXI СТ.
Authors: Цю Чжуанюй
Published: March 2024

Після приєднання Тибету як автономного регіону до Китаю у 1950-х роках в станковому живописі країни простежується активний розвиток теми Тибету. Китайські митці стали віддавати пріоритет соціально-політичним змінам в регіоні, відображаючи трансформації, пов’язані з колективізацією та розбудовою «Нового Китаю». У 1950–1970-х роках тема Тибету тісно перепліталась із соціально-політичними проблемами, із задачами уряду висвітлення покращення життя етнічних меншин в регіоні. У 1980-х роках із поступом нового періоду економічних і соціальних реформ, появи напряму «мистецтва шрамів», шляху переосмислення здобутків художників попередніх поколінь, простежується нове осмислення митцями теми Тибету. В цей період митці зосереджуються на відображенні внутрішнього світу персонажів, а їх живописні твори стають насичені ліричними нотками романтизму і сентименталізму. Свій розвиток тибетська тематика в фігуративному живопису Китаю отримала і в наступній період (1980–2000), який характеризується більш глибшим аналізом соціально-етнічної проблематики. В цей час змінюються підходи художників до створення образів тибетців, набувають важливого значення психологізм і реалізм зображень, заснований на глибокому вивченні побуту і релігійних свят тибетців. На сучасному етапі розвитку станкового живопису Китаю (2000–2020) тема Тибету залишається актуальною. Художники використовують різноманітні підходи до її втілення, залишаючись при цьому в межах реалістичного мистецтва. Хоча тема залишається невід’ємною частиною станкового живопису, сучасні митці дозволяють собі більшу свободу і творчий експеримент. В статті наведений аналіз творів провідних художників, що присвятили свою творчість тибетській проблематиці – Пан Шисюнь, Чень Даньцін, Ма Чанлі, Чжоу Чуня, Чжу Іюн, Юй Сяодун, Чжан Ібо, Хань Юйчень. Майстри створюють образи Тибету, використовуючи авторські пластичні рішення, щоб виразити унікальність регіону та його мешканців. Від соцреалізму до фотореалізму, вони відображають різноманітні вирішення теми, залишаючись при цьому в рамках дотримання реалістичного стилю. Виставки та бієнале, присвячені творам на тибетську тематику, розкривають широку палітру підходів та відображають вагомість цієї теми в сучасному станковому мистецтві Китаю.
СИМВОЛІКА ЗООМОРФНИХ МОТИВІВ В ОЗДОБЛЕННІ НАДГРОБКІВ ЄВРЕЙСЬКИХ КЛАДОВИЩ СХІДНОЇ ГАЛИЧИНИ XVIII – ПЕРШОЇ ТРЕТИНИ ХХ СТ.
Authors: Левкович Наталія Ярославівна
Published: March 2024

У статті проаналізовано єврейські кладовища Східної Галичини XVIII – першої третини ХХ ст., особливості форм та декоративного оздоблення надгробків – мацев. Окрему увагу зосереджено на символіці зображень, виокремлено найбільш поширені сюжети та мотиви. Встановлено, що зазвичай це зображення пов’язані із символікою Месіанських часів, воскресіння та «перенесення» до Землі Ізраїлю. Це зображення левіафана, геральдичних пар лев і єдиноріг, грифони, олені обабіч дерева життя. Визначено, що одним із найпоширеніших мотивів у декоруванні мацев є олень, що символізує красу, шляхетність, грацію прагнення до всеохопної духовної чистоти. Також розглянуто унікальні зображення на мацевах Східної Галичини: лиса чи вовка зі здобиччю в пащі, білки, що гризе горіхи, міфічних коней гіпокампусів тощо. Доведено, що надгробки єврейських кладовищ Східної Галичини є не тільки унікальними пам’ятками образотворчого та декоративного мистецтва, але і маркерами ідентичності та колективної пам’яті. Дослідження кладовищ дають можливість вивчати історію народу, його духовну та матеріальну культуру, історію окремої родини та людини. Дослідження некрополів скеровані на вивчення колективної та індивідуальної пам’яті. Тексти та зображення на мацевах виступають носієм інформації завдяки якій формується трансцидентний зв’язок між поколіннями народу. Однак колективна та індивідуальна пам’ять не є віддзеркаленням минулого, а швидше формуванням певної міфологічної системи, що в юдейській традиції опирається на тексти Тори та Талмуду, перекази та легенди, віру в «обраність народу» та пам’ять про «Землю Ізраїлю». Топоси міфологічних історій про рай, омріяну землю, страждання та катастрофи, героїчних предків знайшли своє відображення в оздобленні надгробків.
KEMAMPUAN MENULIS KREATIF NASKAH DRAMA DENGAN PENGGUNAAN PENDEKATAN KONTEKSTUAL TIPE LEARNING COMMUNITY KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 9 PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Paisal Hendry
Published: March 2024

Writing literary works is one of the main subjects in Indonesian language lessons in every school, including the Special School. Therefore, teachers who teach Indonesian language lessons should understand and master the provisions that apply in writing literary works, be it short stories, novels, dramas, and poetry. Learning with a contextual approach to the type of learning community is the latest learning compared to other models. This learning emphasizes students' creativity in argumentation, appreciation, and assessment. The goal is to generate personal interaction both individually and in groups through discussion. So this study aims to reveal the ability of students to write drama scripts using a contextual approach of learning community type, especially in class VIII SMP N Padang Sidimpuan.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS BERITA
Authors: Wismanto Agus
Published: March 2024

This development research aims to produce a project-based learning model product in learning to news writing. This research procedure follows the Borg & Gall development procedure. The research subjects were students and lecturers of the PBSI study program at Universityof PGRI Semarang. This development process produces products in the form of producing project-based learning model products in learning to news writing that are valid, practical and effective. This study uses a non-test instrument data collection technique, namely a questionnaire given to 2 material experts and 2 media experts. The results of the feasibility of the product producing a project based learning learning model product in learning to news writing using a Likert scale in the form of a score of 1-5 are as follows: a) The results of validation by material experts obtained a score of 81.54% which is included in the very feasible category; b) The results of the validation by media experts obtained a score of 78.4% which was included in the appropriate category. Based on the results of the feasibility, it can be concluded that the product of the project based learning model is suitable for use in learning to news writing
TINDAK TUTUR DALAM IKLAN LAYANAN MASYARAKAT BERTEMAKAN COVID-19 PADA MEDIA TELEVISI NASIONAL
Authors: Senovil Feri , Wardhana Dian Eka Chandra , Basuki Rokhmat
Published: March 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tindak tutur lokusi, ilokusi, dan perlokusi dalam iklan layanan masyarakat yang bertemakan Covid-19 pada media televisi nasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan langkah-langkah: (1) observasi, (2) transkripsi data, (3) pengkodean data, (4) identifikasi data, (5) klasifikasi data, (6) menganalisis data, (7) menarik kesimpulan. Tuturan lokusi bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi, menyatakan, menyampaikan pendapat, mengucapkan salam, dan menjelaskan. Tuturan ilokusi bertujuan untuk mengajak atau menyuruh pemirsa menjaga prokes dalam menghadapi pandemi. Tuturan ini terdiri dari asertif, direktif, komisif, dan ekspresif. Bentuk tuturan asertif bertujuan untuk menjelaskan, menyatakan, dan mengusulkan. Tuturan direktif digunakan untuk memerintah, memberi nasihat, bertanya, dan menyetujui. Tuturan komisif digunakan untuk menawarkan. Sedangkan tuturan ekspresif digunakan untuk mengucapkan terima kasih, mengucapkan salam, dan memuji. Tuturan perlokusi selain berguna untuk menyuruh mitra tutur, secara psikologis berguna merubah pola pikir masyarakat. Tuturan ini bertujuan untuk menimbulkan efek berupa rasa takut, membesarkan hati, meyakinkan, mempengaruhi, menganjurkan, dan mengilhami.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA KRITIS SISWA KELAS VII
Authors: Wulandari Catur , Suhardi Suhardi , Syamsi Kastam
Published: March 2024

This study aims to identify the needs of teachers and students on critical reading skills. This research uses descriptive quantitative research. Data collection tools are questionnaires and interviews. The subjects of this study were 23 grade VII students and 21 Indonesian language teachers in grade VII SMP who were members of the Subject Teacher Consultative Forum (MGMP), Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. The results showed that female and male students had the same interest in reading activities, most of the students preferred to learn by discussion. Before reading the text, most of the students tried to guess the reason the author wrote the text, guessed the contents of the text from titles, and make questions to guide. From the teacher's perspective, it was found that the teacher felt that learning to read critically was a difficult task, the teacher needed a reading learning model using discussion. From the interviews, it turned out that the teacher had not taught critical reading skills in class. Critical reading skills are very important and needed by students today. Therefore, the critical reading learning model with discussion is very much needed by teachers and students.
Sosialisasi Pengembangan Peta Jalur Pendakian Gunung Gamalama
Authors: Madi Almun , Sahetapy George Belly
Published: March 2024

Kota Ternate merupakan Kota yang berada di Gunung Gamalama, memiliki beragam potensi alam salah satunya adalah kawasan ekowisata pendakian Gunung Gamalama. Peta pendakian dengan informasi yang sistematis dan akurat sehingga mempermudah kegiatan pendakian gunung dan memperkecil kemungkinan pendaki tersesat di gunung. Pada kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) perlu dilakukan sosialisasi Pengembangan Peta Jalur Pendakian Gunung Gamalama, jalur pendakian yang akan menjadi kajian dalam PKM adalah jalur Moya, Kecamatan Ternate Tengah. Kegiatan sosialisasi diikuti oleh Kelompok pencinta alam, dari kalangan mahasiswa maupun umum. Data yang digunakan dalam pengembangan peta jalur pendakian ini adalah data tracking jalur pendakian gunung, data koordinat dan ketinggian pos pos pendakian gunung, data akses transportasi menuju basecamp pendakian gunung, data waktu tempuh pendakian gunung, informasi perijinan dan syarat mendaki gunung serta dokumentasi foto untuk menggambarkan kondisi jalur pendakian.  Perangkat lunak yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Google Earth Pro dan ArcGIS 10.7 yang digunakan untuk pengolahan data pemetaan dan hasil pengolahan data disajikan peta dan akan disosialisasikan kepada masyarakat Kelurahan Moya.
RIGHT TO BE FORGOTTEN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENEKANAN ANGKA RESIDIVIS TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN
Authors: Andhiya Moza Faris  , Dian Rachmat Gumelar
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kasus residivis tindak pidana pencurian yang tidak kunjung usai, pada dasarnya tentu hal ini disadari oleh seluruh kalangan bahwa residivis memiliki banyak faktor, dan salah satu faktor yang sering sekali muncul adalah faktor ekonomi. Berbeda halnya dengan korupsi yang dilakukan oleh pejabat Negara yang tidak ada sangkut pautnya dengan faktor ekonomi. Tujuan daripada penelitian ini adalah guna membuktikan bahwa sejatinya Right to Be Forgotten bisa menjadi solusi dalam menekan angka residivis tindak pidana pencurian, sebab era digital saat ini saat erat kaitannya dengan jejak digital, sehingga peluang mencari kerja bagi mantan narapidana pencurian menjadi sedikit, hal itulah yang kemudian menjadi salah satu fokus utama. Artikel ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, dengan memanfaatkan literatur yang relevan baik itu artikel jurnal, buku, dan dokumen terkait. Hasil daripada penelitian ini adalah bahwa  untuk mendukung sistem pemidanaan baru dimana yang ditonjolkan adalah sifat rehabilitatif dan pengembalian derajat manusia, maka “pembersihan nama” bagi mantan narapidana pencurian dinilai perlu sebab implikasinya adalah selepas keluar dari penjara mereka dimungkikan untuk memiliki opsi lain yaitu bekerja dengan orang lain maupun di sebuah perusahaan selain daripada memiliki usaha UMKM dengan bermodalkan skill yang didapatkan semasa di dalam penjara. Sebab melihat perkembangan teknologi saat ini bahwa salah satu indikator seseorang dapat diterima kerja adalah track record seseorang dalam internet maupun sosial media.

Kata kunci: Mantan Narapidana, Residivis, Right to Be Forgotten
Evaluation of controllers for augmentative hip exoskeletons and their effects on metabolic cost of walking: explicit versus implicit synchronization
Authors: Manzoori Ali Reza , Malatesta Davide , Primavesi Julia , Ijspeert Auke , Bouri Mohamed
Published: March 2024

Background: Efficient gait assistance by augmentative exoskeletons depends on reliable control strategies. While numerous control methods and their effects on the metabolic cost of walking have been explored in the literature, the use of different exoskeletons and dissimilar protocols limit direct comparisons. In this article, we present and compare two controllers for hip exoskeletons with different synchronization paradigms.

Methods: The implicit-synchronization-based approach, termed the Simple Reflex Controller (SRC), determines the assistance as a function of the relative loading of the feet, resulting in an emerging torque profile continuously assisting extension during stance and flexion during swing. On the other hand, the Hip-Phase-based Torque profile controller (HPT) uses explicit synchronization and estimates the gait cycle percentage based on the hip angle, applying a predefined torque profile consisting of two shorter bursts of assistance during stance and swing. We tested the controllers with 23 naïve healthy participants walking on a treadmill at 4 km ⋅ h−1, without any substantial familiarization.

Results: Both controllers significantly reduced the metabolic rate compared to walking with the exoskeleton in passive mode, by 18.0% (SRC, p < 0.001) and 11.6% (HPT, p < 0.001). However, only the SRC led to a significant reduction compared to walking without the exoskeleton (8.8%, p = 0.004). The SRC also provided more mechanical power and led to bigger changes in the hip joint kinematics and walking cadence. Our analysis of mechanical powers based on a whole-body analysis suggested a reduce in ankle push-off under this controller. There was a strong correlation (Pearson’s r = 0.778, p < 0.001) between the metabolic savings achieved by each participant with the two controllers.

Conclusion: The extended assistance duration provided by the implicitly synchronized SRC enabled greater metabolic reductions compared to the more targeted assistance of the explicitly synchronized HPT. Despite the different assistance profiles and metabolic outcomes, the correlation between the metabolic reductions with the two controllers suggests a difference in individual responsiveness to assistance, prompting more investigations to explore the person-specific factors affecting assistance receptivity.
Novel lipid mediator 7S,14R-docosahexaenoic acid: biogenesis and harnessing mesenchymal stem cells to ameliorate diabetic mellitus and retinal pericyte loss
Authors: Lu Yan , Tian Haibin , Peng Hongying , Wang Quansheng , Bunnell Bruce A. , Bazan Nicolas G. , Hong Song
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Stem cells can be used to treat diabetic mellitus and complications. ω3-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) derived lipid mediators are inflammation-resolving and protective. This study found novel DHA-derived 7S,14R-dihydroxy-4Z,8E,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid (7S,14R-diHDHA), a maresin-1 stereoisomer biosynthesized by leukocytes and related enzymes. Moreover, 7S,14R-diHDHA can enhance mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) functions in the amelioration of diabetic mellitus and retinal pericyte loss in diabetic db/db mice.

Methods: MSCs treated with 7S,14R-diHDHA were delivered into db/db mice i.v. every 5 days for 35 days.

Results: Blood glucose levels in diabetic mice were lowered by 7S,14R-diHDHA-treated MSCs compared to control and untreated MSC groups, accompanied by improved glucose tolerance and higher blood insulin levels. 7S,14R-diHDHA-treated MSCs increased insulin+ β-cell ratio and decreased glucogan+ α-cell ratio in islets, as well as reduced macrophages in pancreas. 7S,14R-diHDHA induced MSC functions in promoting MIN6 β-cell viability and insulin secretion. 7S,14R-diHDHA induced MSC paracrine functions by increasing the generation of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Furthermore, 7S,14R-diHDHA enhanced MSC functions to ameliorate diabetes-caused pericyte loss in diabetic retinopathy by increasing their density in retina in db/db mice.

Discussion: Our findings provide a novel strategy for improving therapy for diabetes and diabetic retinopathy using 7S,14R-diHDHA-primed MSCs.
Using remote sensing to map degraded mountain peatlands with high climate mitigation potential in Colombia's Central Cordillera
Authors: Battaglia Michael J. , Lafuente Angela , Benavides Juan C. , Lilleskov Erik A. , Chimner Rodney A. , Bourgeau-Chavez Laura L. , Skillings-Neira Patrick Nicolás
Published: March 2024

Peatlands are the most carbon-dense ecosystems on earth. In tropical mountains, peatlands are numerous and susceptible to rapid degradation and carbon loss after human disturbances. Quantifying where peatlands are located and how they are affected by land use is key in creating a baseline of carbon stocks and greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical mountain peatlands. However, mapping peatlands in the páramo of the Northern Andes is difficult because they are in a topographically complex environment with nearly continuous cloud cover and frequent conversion to pastures or cropland. The goal of this effort was to identify the different types of páramo peatlands and their degradation patterns in the Colombian Central Cordillera. Moderate resolution cloud-free composites of optical imagery, temporal variance in ALOS- PALSAR L-band SAR, Sentinel-1 C-band SAR, and topography data were used as inputs in a machine learning classifier to identify was used to map 12 land cover classes including peatlands with natural vegetation and peatlands converted to pasture. Field data from 507 control points collected across the study area, including information on the vegetation and carbon content on the top 20 cm of the soil, were used to train and validate the classifier. Results show that the use of multiple platforms and image dates, including variance of the radar returns, is necessary for a clear separation of disturbed and undisturbed peatland classes. Peatland area varied across the study region, covering 7% and 20% of the landscape in the northern and southern portions of the study area, respectively. Disturbed peatlands with exotic grasses cover nearly 2% of the area. The overall accuracy of the peatland classes was 82.6%. Disturbed peatlands with exotic grasses had less carbon in the top 20 cm than undisturbed peatlands with natural vegetation. These results highlight the prevalence of peatlands in the tropical Andes and a promising approach to detecting peatlands converted to agriculture. Understanding the distribution and extent of these carbon dense ecosystems can facilitate the restoration and protection of peatlands in the northern Andes, with implications for the future trajectories of the national greenhouse gas inventory.
The role, impact, and responsibilities of health experts on social media. A focus group study with future healthcare workers
Authors: Engebretsen Martin
Published: March 2024

People are increasingly turning to social media platforms to acquire information and seek advice on health matters. Consequently, a growing number of qualified healthcare professionals are using social media as channels for public health communication. On platforms such as YouTube and Instagram, health workers can reach a wide and interested audience while applying powerful tools for presentation and interaction. However, such platforms also represent certain challenges and dilemmas when doctors and psychologists become health influencers. Who do they represent? What style of communication is expected? And what responsibilities do they have toward their followers? The present study contributes to the field of investigation by employing qualitative methods. It is based on three focus group interviews conducted with students enrolled in health-related study programmes at Norwegian universities. The paper asks: How do future healthcare workers perceive the social media practices of popular healthcare experts regarding the advantages and dilemmas associated with such practices?
Improved Gaussian regression model for retrieving ground methane levels by considering vertical profile features
Authors: He Hu , Zheng Tingzhen , Zhao Jingang , Yuan Xin , Sun Encheng , Li Haoran , Zheng Hongyue , Liu Xiao , Li Gangzhu , Zhang Yanbo , Jin Zhili , Wang Wei
Published: March 2024

Atmospheric methane is one of the major greenhouse gases and has a great impact on climate change. To obtain the polluted levels of atmospheric methane in the ground-level range, this study used satellite observations and vertical profile features derived by atmospheric chemistry model to estimate the ground methane concentrations in first. Then, the improved daily ground-level atmospheric methane concentration dataset with full spatial coverage (100%) and 5-km resolution in mainland China from 2019 to 2021 were retrieved by station-based observations and gaussian regression model. The overall estimated deviation between the estimated ground methane concentrations and the WDCGG station-based measurements is less than 10 ppbv. The R by ten-fold cross-validation is 0.93, and the R2 is 0.87. The distribution of the ground-level methane concentrations in the Chinese region is characterized by high in the east and south, and low in the west and north. On the time scale, ground-level methane concentration in the Chinese region is higher in winter and lower in summer. Meanwhile, the spatial and temporal distribution and changes of ground-level methane in local areas have been analyzed using Shandong Province as an example. The results have a potential to detect changes in the distribution of methane concentration.
Determining the Moho topography using an improved inversion algorithm: a case study from the South China Sea
Authors: Zhang Hui , Yu Hangtao , Xu Chuang , Li Rui , Bie Lu , He Qingyin , Liu Yiqi , Lu Jinsong , Xiao Yinan , Lyu Yang
Published: March 2024

The Parker-Oldenburg method, as a classical frequency-domain algorithm, has been widely used in Moho topographic inversion. The method has two indispensable hyperparameters, which are the Moho density contrast and the average Moho depth. Accurate hyperparameters are important prerequisites for inversion of fine Moho topography. However, limited by the nonlinear terms, the hyperparameters estimated by previous methods have obvious deviations. For this reason, this paper proposes a new method to improve the existing Parker-Oldenburg method by taking advantage of the invasive weed optimization algorithm in estimating hyperparameters. The synthetic test results of the new method show that, compared with the trial and error method and the linear regression method, the new method estimates the hyperparameters more accurately, and the computational efficiency performs excellently, which lays the foundation for the inversion of more accurate Moho topography. In practice, the method is applied to the Moho topographic inversion in the South China Sea. With the constraints of available seismic data, the crust-mantle density contrast and the average Moho depth in the South China Sea are determined to be 0.535 g/cm3 and 21.63 km, respectively, and the Moho topography of the South China Sea is inverted based on this. The results of the Moho topography show that the Moho depth in the study area ranges from 5.7 km to 32.3 km, with more obvious undulations. Among them, the shallowest part of the Moho topography is mainly located in the southern part of the Southwestern sub-basin and the southern part of the Manila Trench, with a depth of about 6 km. Compared with the CRUST 1.0 model and the model calculated by the improved Bott’s method, the RMS between the Moho model and the seismic point difference in this paper is smaller, which proves that the method in this paper has some advantages in Moho topographic inversion.
Roles of organokines in intervertebral disc homeostasis and degeneration
Authors: He Yuxin , Liu Sheng , Lin Hui , Ding Fan , Shao Zengwu , Xiong Liming
Published: March 2024

The intervertebral disc is not isolated from other tissues. Recently, abundant research has linked intervertebral disc homeostasis and degeneration to various systemic diseases, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Organokines are a group of diverse factors named for the tissue of origin, including adipokines, osteokines, myokines, cardiokines, gastrointestinal hormones, and hepatokines. Through endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine mechanisms, organokines modulate energy homeostasis, oxidative stress, and metabolic balance in various tissues to mediate cross-organ communication. These molecules are involved in the regulation of cellular behavior, inflammation, and matrix metabolism under physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we aimed to summarize the impact of organokines on disc homeostasis and degeneration and the underlying signaling mechanism. We focused on the regulatory mechanisms of organokines to provide a basis for the development of early diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for disc degeneration.
Exploring the structure of the digital economy through blockchain technology and mitigating adverse environmental effects with the aid of artificial neural networks
Authors: Cai Tengwei , Hong Zexin
Published: March 2024

The rapid expansion of the digital economy has had a transformative impact on society, presenting both opportunities and challenges. This article aims to examine the structure of the digital economy and its implications, with a specific focus on the adverse environmental effects associated with its rapid growth. To address these challenges, the utilization of artificial neural networks is proposed as a viable solution. ANNs have proven to be effective in analyzing large volumes of data and extracting valuable insights. By integrating blockchain technology and harnessing the power of ANNs, this study seeks to develop management strategies that optimize resource allocation, reduce waste, and promote sustainability within the digital economy. Through comprehensive data analysis, patterns and trends can be identified, providing decision-makers with valuable information to make informed choices that minimize the environmental impact of digitalization. This research significantly contributes to the existing body of knowledge by enhancing our understanding of the digital economy’s structure, particularly in the context of blockchain technology. The ANN in this study estimated the impact of digital economy growth and structure improvement on adverse environmental effects, waste reduction, and environmental sustainability. The predictions showed that increasing digital economy growth led to increased waste reduction and promotion of environmental sustainability, while adverse environmental effects exhibited sinusoidal behavior. Linear regression confirmed the acceptable error of the network’s predictions compared to experimental results. Furthermore, it sheds light on the potential of ANNs to mitigate the adverse environmental effects associated with the digital economy. By emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices and exploring the applications of emerging technologies, this study offers valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and industry practitioners seeking to navigate the complex landscape of the digital economy while minimizing its environmental consequences.
Restoring the threatened Scalesia forest: insights from a decade of invasive plant management in Galapagos
Authors: Jäger Heinke , San-José Miriam , Peabody Clare , Chango Rafael , Sevilla Christian
Published: March 2024

Island forests are becoming increasingly fragmented and colonized by invasive species, which can eventually lead to local species extinctions. In the Galapagos Islands, invasive species pose a serious extinction threat to the endemic daisy tree Scalesia pedunculata, formerly the dominant habitat-forming species of the unique Scalesia forest. This forest has been reduced to fragments due to land use changes in the past and is now increasingly invaded by introduced plants. We conducted a field experiment on Santa Cruz Island to assess the impacts of blackberry (Rubus niveus) and two other invasive plant species, Cestrum auriculatum and Tradescantia fluminensis, as well as the effects of the removal of two of these (R. niveus and C. auriculatum) on cover, composition and diversity of the resident plant communities. Particular attention was paid to effects of the invasive species on the S. pedunculata population. Annual vegetation monitoring was carried out in a total of 34 permanent plots (10 m × 10 m) over 10 years (2014–2023), using the line-intercept method. Seventeen of these plots were established in an invaded area and 17 plots in an area with continuous invasive plant removal since 2014. Results indicated that there were significant changes in both the species composition of the plant communities and average percent cover of species over time, comparing removal plots with invaded plots. Species composition in removal plots changed significantly more than in invaded plots, towards a plant community with greater percent cover of endemic species. A significant negative relationship between the three invasive species and cover of S. pedunculata suggested that multiple invader species may have additive negative impacts. Natural recruitment of S. pedunculata by seeds was observed in the removal but not in the invaded plots. These results, as well as the striking decrease of 71% in cover of adult S. pedunculata in the invaded plots indicate that this threatened species will be driven to local extinction on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, in less than 20 years if invasive plant species are not removed on a large scale.
Bones on fire: illuminating osteomyelitis through the radiant lens of 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Yang Mei , Tan Quanhui , Tang Zhenghao
Published: March 2024

Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory process that is caused by an infecting microorganism and leads to progressive bone destruction and loss. Osteomyelitis can occur at any age and can involve any bone. The infection can be limited to a single portion of the bone or can involve several regions, such as marrow, cortex, periosteum, and the surrounding soft tissue. Early and accurate diagnosis plays a crucial role in reducing unnecessary treatment measures, improving the patient’s prognosis, and minimizing time and financial costs. In recent years, the use of functional metabolic imaging has become increasingly widespread. Among them, 18F-FDG PET/CT has emerged as a cutting-edge imaging modality that combines anatomical and functional metabolic information. It has seen rapid development in the field of infectious diseases. 18F-FDG PET/CT has been demonstrated to yield acceptable diagnostic accuracy in a number of infectious and inflammatory diseases. This review aims to provide information about the 18F-FDGPET/CT in the use of chronic osteomyelitis,osteomyelitis secondary to a contiguous focus of infection and osteomyelitis associated with peripheral vascular disease.
Genetic characterization of minor carp (Labeo gonius) from Indian rivers revealed through mitochondrial ATPase 6/8 and D-loop region analysis: implications for conservation and management
Authors: Roy Suvra , Behera Bijay Kumar , V. L. Ramya , Rout Ajay Kumar , Kumar Vikash , Parida Pranay Kumar , Jana Asim Kumar , Das Pronob , Meena Dharmendra Kumar , Bhakta Dibakar , Alam Absar , Das Basanta Kumar , Jena Joykrushna
Published: March 2024

India is the habitat of many freshwater fish species that make a significant contribution to endemism. However, the native species population is declining at a very fast rate due to pollution, habitat loss or degradation, new species introduction, hydrologic alterations, and overfishing. The minor carp, Labeo gonius, is one of the important fish species in the Indian river systems and holds enormous potential in culture fisheries. Therefore, the precise status of population structure is a prerequisite for the management of the species. In the present study, we assessed the potential of mtDNA ATPase 6/8 and D-loop regions as markers to determine the genetic diversity and phylogeography of L. gonius from Indian rivers. We have selected five major Indian rivers for investigation which could represent geographically distant populations of the studied fish. A total of 210 ATPase 6/8 sequences (842 bp) and 203 D-loop region sequences (683 bp) of L. gonius from the five major Indian rivers were submitted to NCBI. Results revealed that ATPase 6/8 has 17 haplotypes and 70 polymorphic sites with an overall haplotype diversity of 0.560 ± 0.036 and nucleotide diversity of 0.00347 ± 0.00. Furthermore, D-loop analysis revealed 58 haplotypes, 67 polymorphic sites, 0.954 ± 0.006 overall haplotype diversity, and 0.01914 ± 0.00 nucleotide diversity. The hierarchical AMOVA analysis indicated that a high proportion of the genetic variation (76.46% and 70.22% for the D-loop and ATPase 6/8 regions, respectively) was attributed to among-population variation under gene pool-1 (considering all the stocks from Ganga, Brahmaputra, Teesta, Narmada, and Mahanadi as a single pool). Furthermore, in gene pool-2, samples were divided into two groups: group 1 (Himalayan rivers)—Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Teesta; and group 2 (peninsular rivers)—Narmada and Mahanadi. Genetic variations in the D-loop and ATPase 6/8 regions were found among populations within groups at 70.65% and 53.48%, respectively. Haplotype network analysis revealed that there were significant differences in distributions and frequencies. The observed unique haplotypes might be useful for differentiating the stocks. In brief, the present study suggested that the D-loop and ATPase 6/8 regions are potential markers and represent a significant contribution to the genetic characterization of the minor carp L. gonius from major Indian rivers. Moreover, the L. gonius population along the east coast especially in the Himalayan rivers (Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Teesta river basin) is found to be genetically more diverse. The results would provide a scientific basis for the assessment of fisheries resources and management of this important species.