bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Masyarakat Etnis Buton
Authors: Alvina Yulianti Tan  , Syamsiah Syamsiah , Hiola St. Fatmah
Published: July 2022

Etnobotani merupakan ilmu tentang pemanfaatan berbagai jenis tumbuhan oleh masyarakat yang ada dalam suatu wilayah, salah satunya dalam pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui spesies tumbuhan obat, cara pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat serta penyakit yang dapat diobati oleh masyarakat etnis Buton di Kota Baubau dengan memanfaatkan tumbuhan obat. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif eksploratif dengan metode survei serta teknik wawancara untuk memberikan gambaran detail mengenai pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat oleh masyarakat etnis Buton. Metode yang digunakan adalah snowball sampling. Proses wawancara dilakukan secara open-ended dengan berpedoman pada tabel wawancara. Hasil menunjukkan sebanyak 41 jenis tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat etnis Buton sebagai tumbuhan obat. Organ tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan seperti daun, buah, biji, batang, rimpang, umbi, dan akar. Dalam pemanfaatannya, penyiapan tumbuhan obat dilakukan dengan 10 cara serta untuk penggunaan tumbuhan obat yang dimanfaatkan dilakukan dengan 6 cara. Penyakit yang dapat diobati dengan tumbuhan obat tersebut seperti demam, batuk, maag, luka, dan berbagai jenis penyakit dalam, diantaranya diabetes, hipertensi, dan kanker.
ANALISIS FRAMING ZONG DANG PAN DAN GERALD M.KOSICKI PADA PEMBERITAAN KETERLIBATAN LUHUT TERHADAP BISNIS PCR (STUDI KASUS PADA CNBCINDONESIA.COM DAN JPNN.COM)
Authors: Aini Fitri Anggraini , Setiawan Hendra
Published: July 2022

Online media is a space to get all information for the wider community. Online media provide information about something that happens every day. Online media are electronic media in the form of gadgets, television, print media, online media, and others. Information that is consumed by the wider community can be obtained through online or mass media in the form of current news. This research uses Framing analysis according to Zong Dang Pan and Kosicki. The aims of this study are 1) to describe the differences between the two media. 2) describe the similarities between the two media. 3) describe the syntactic structure, script structure, thematic structure, and rhetorical structure. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The analysis technique in this study is to find sources, read news, listen to the news, analyze news one by one, and record important parts.keywords: online media, news, framing analysis
FRAMING BERITA PENISTAAN AGAMA M. KECE DALAM PORTAL BERITA KOMPAS.COM EDISI AGUSTUS 2021
Authors: Setiabudi Mukhlisa , Mau Muliadi , Bahfiarti Tuti
Published: July 2022

Blasphemy cases are no longer a new case in a country with a pluralistic society like Indonesia. The blasphemy case by M. Kece is the latest case that has caught the public's attention. M. Kece is known to have committed acts of hate speech and insults to the Prophet Muhammad and Islam. This case then did not miss the attention of the media as Kompas.com also highlighted this case in absolutely a different way and construction. For this reason, this study discusses framing analysis with the Robert N. Entman model which consists of four points of analysis, namely defining of problem, diagnosing causes, making a moral judgment, and treatment recommendations on the Kompas.com news portal related to M. Kece's cause. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a constructionist approach to framing analysis. The results of this study concluded that Kompas.com tried to convey M. Kace's reporting accurately with subtle narrations so as not to tarnish the image of M. Kece because he was considered an ordinary YouTuber.
PEMBERITAAN COVID 19 DI TELEVISI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DALAM MEMATUHI PROTOKOL KESEHATAN DI KABUPATEN GOWA
Authors: Misbach Irwan , Rahmawati
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the influence of the frequency, duration, and attention of covid-19 news on television on the behavior of the community in complying with health protocols in the Gowa Regency. Quantitative descriptive research using survey methods. The study sample was 54 respondents. Data collection using questionnaires. The analytical techniques used are multiple linear regression analysis, correlation test, t-test, F test, and determinant coefficient tests. The results showed that partially the frequency of covid-19 news on television did not affect people's behavior in complying with health protocols because respondents, most of whom worked as housewives, preferred to watch entertainment channels such as soap operas. Similarly, the duration of covid-19 news on television also partially does not affect people's behavior in complying with health protocols because people do not watch covid-19 news on television for more than 30 minutes a day. Meanwhile, the attention to covid-19 news on television partially affects people's behavior in complying with health protocols because the public has concerned, interests, and interests in covid-19 news.
MEDIA MASSA DALAM KAMPANYE GEMPUR ROKOK ILEGAL
Authors: Andy Muhammad Afandy
Published: July 2022

Mass media has a considerable role in a campaign agenda. Their broad reach makes mass media an effective means to spread information. Against Illicit Cigarette Campaign made by Directorate General of Customs and Excise employed a range of mass media, from conventional to internet/digital-based mass media. The campaign was performed further by PR of the Customs Service Office in Indonesia. The study was categorized as an exploratory qualitative descriptive work. The data were collected through interviews and direct observation in the Customs Service Office of Parepare. This study was conducted in the Customs Service Office of Parepare whose working territory exhibits one of Indonesia's highest volumes of illicit cigarette distribution. The result concludes that the PR department employed almost all conventional mass media to support their campaign and use the internet also. And, small format mass media was found to be highly effective in supporting the campaign.
PEMODELAN BAYESIAN SPASIAL CONDITIONAL AUTOREGRESSIVE (CAR) PADA KASUS DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI INDONESIA
Authors: Aswi  , Sukarna
Published: July 2022

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang masih merupakan masalah utama dalam kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Total kasus DBD di Indonesia pada tahun 2020 masih cukup tinggi yaitu 108.303 kasus. Beberapa penelitian terkait pemodelan DBD telah menggunakan metode Bayesian spasial. Akan tetapi, penelitian tersebut masih fokus pada salah satu provinsi yang ada di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memodelkan risiko relatif (RR) kasus DBD tahun 2020 di Indonesia dengan 34 provinsi dan menghasilkan peta tematik RR. Data yang digunakan data kasus DBD serta data jumlah penduduk di Indonesia tahun 2020 yang diperoleh dari Publikasi Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia 2021. Model Bayesian spasial Conditional Autoregressive (CAR) Leroux digunakan dengan pemilihan model terbaik didasarkan pada Deviance Information Criteria (DIC), Watanabe Akaike Information Criteria (WAIC), dan Modifikasi Moran’s I (MMI) untuk residual. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa model Bayesian spasial CAR Leroux dengan hyperprior IG(1; 0,1) merupakan model terbaik dalam pemodelan kasus DBD tahun 2020 di Indonesia. Sekitar 53% provinsi yang ada di Indonesia merupakan wilayah dengan RR tinggi, dimana Provinsi Bali memiliki nilai RR tertinggi (6,84), diikuti oleh Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (RR=2,70), dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (RR=2,33). Sebaliknya, provinsi dengan RR terendah adalah Provinsi Maluku (RR=0,11), diikuti oleh Provinsi Papua (RR = 0,13), dan Provinsi Kalimantan Barat (RR =0,38).
Konflik Kepentingan Pemerintah Provinsi Kalimantan Utara dan Kota Tarakan Pasca Pemekaran Daerah: Studi Tentang Konflik Aset Pelabuhan Tengkayu I dan Tengkayu II
Authors: Mustajib  , Perdana Aditya
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurai penyebab konflik aset pelabuhan Tengkayu I dan Tengkayu II antara pemerintah Provinsi Kalimantan Utara dan pemerintah Kota Tarakan dan untuk mengurai upaya kedua belah pihak untuk mencari jalan keluar sebagai resolusi konflik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa studi dokumen dan wawancara dengan narasumber yang telah ditentukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab konflik aset pelabuhan tersebut adalah hadirnya Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah yang mengatur terkait aset pemerintah provinsi dan kabupaten/kota serta janji kampanye gubernur terpilih yang terkendala oleh aturan. Sementara itu, upaya berupa negosiasi untuk menengahi konflik aset pelabuhan sedang berjalan seperti pembentukan perumda, perseroda dan upaya untuk meminta kementrian dalam negeri melakukan revisi terhadap Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2014.
Kolaborasi Pemerintah Kota Makassar Dalam Pelaksanaan Program Keluarga Berencana
Authors: Syam Febrianto , Rukmana Novayanti Sopia
Published: July 2022

Masalah terkait kependudukan adalah masalah yang menjadi persoalan yang strategis di Indonesia. Jumlah penduduk yang tidak terkontrol dengan baik seperti angka kelahiran dan kepadatan wilayah menjadi masalah yang sering sulit ditemukan mekanisme pemecahannya. Meskipun pemerintah telah melaksanakan program Keluarga berencana sebagai program utama yang telah lama untuk mengatasi masalah kependudukan namun sampai saat ini masalah kependudukan ini belum terselesaikan dengan baik. Beberapa hal yang menjadikan permasalahan tersebut sulit antara lain program dari keluarga berencana yang dijalankan berbeda-beda oleh masing-masing badan atau dinas. Perencanaan yang terpisah seperti di kota makassar menjadikan program keluaga berencana sulit untuk mencapai target utama yang diharapkan. Dalam penelitian ini juga dilakukan menggunakan studi literatur dimana metode ini menggambarkan pelaksanaan program keluarga berencana di kota makassar. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan adanya beberapa hal terkait pelaksanaan program keluarga berencana di kota makassar seperti Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan dan Penganggaran di masing-masing dinas yang berbeda serta tidak adanya kolaborasi di lingkup pemerintahan kota makassar khususnya yang terkait dengan program keluarga berencana.
INOVASI TUNNEL FISH DRYER BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL “BAKAR BATU” SEBAGAI CADANGAN PANAS
Authors: Boimau Pither Y. , Herison Wadu Daniel , Laka Magda Y. , Liliweri Alo
Published: July 2022

Penerapan teknologi tepat guna yang murah dan mudah sangat diperlukan dalam proses penanganan lanjutan atas hasil-hasil tangkapan nelayan sehingga hasil produk tersebut dapat disimpan dalam waktu yang cukup lama dalam bentuk ikan kering/asap. Penelitian ini merupakan penerapan alat pengering ikan model kabinet (tunnel fish dryer) untuk meningkatkan kualitas ikan kering menggunakan batu andesit sebagai cadangan penyimpanan panas yang ditempatkan di atas api sebagai material pemanas. Hawa panas tersebut dialirkan menggunakan kipas melalui pipa menuju ruang pemanas ikan. Periode waktu pengeringan dapat menghasilkan ikan asap dengan kualitas terbaik berdasarkan uji laboratorium dengan menggunakan sampel Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) sebagai rancangan dasar dengan lima (5) tingkatan dari durasi lamanya waktu pengeringan yang berbeda. Masing-masing durasi diulang sebanyak 3 kali, sehingga memberikan 15 hasil unit percobaan. Durasi-durasi tersebut adalah: A = lama pengeringan 3 jam; B = lama pengeringan 3,5 jam; C = lama pengeringan 4 jam; D = lama pengeringan 4,5 jam; E = lama pengeringan 5 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa waktu pengeringan untuk mendapatkan kualitas ikan kering terbaik adalah pada Durasi D yakni 4,5 jam.
Production Review: Skeleton Crew
Authors: saine kb
Published: July 2022

Theatre review of Dominique Morriseau's Skeleton Crew at the Manhattan Theatre Club's Samuel J. Friedman Theatre. The reviewer attended the January 26, 2022 opening night - which was a delayed opening due to COVID-19 complications. The theatrical production itself is centered in this review, but the author also addresses the global pandemic's impact on the process and on how the play is received in that specific cultural climate. 
Plant Parasitic Nematodes on Paulownia tomentosa in Poland
Authors: Skwiercz Andrzej Tomasz , Zapałowska Anita , Flis Łukasz , Koc-Jurczyk Justyna , Jurczyk Łukasz , Litwińczuk Wojciech , Puchalski Czesław
Published: July 2022

Short-rotation woody plants of the genus Paulownia are attracting more and more attention as trees that produce biomass and reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. However, plants growing in monoculture affect the properties and condition of the soil. One of the effects of changes in the soil environment is the growing population of plant parasitic nematodes (PPN). The article presents information about the PPN inhabiting the root zone of the Paulownia tomentosa plantation in Poland. In this study, the frequency and density of nematode populations in samples from seven plantations in Poland were determined. The extracted nematodes were identified at the species level on the basis of the male and female morphological characteristics according to several available identification resources. A total of 20 nematode species were identified, of which 9 were classified as accessory and 11 as occasional. Among them, Trichodorus viruliferus and Longidorus attenuatus belonging to the group of viral messengers were identified.
The Importance of Emotions in Consumer Purchase Decisions — A Neuromarketing Approach
Authors: Pluta-Olearnik Mirosława , Szulga Patrycja
Published: July 2022

Traditional methods used in marketing research focus on the rationality of individuals and the conscious processes they are able to analyse and verbally expose. Developments in the field of neuroscience have proven that emotions are the fundamental basis from which the thoughts, behaviours and actions of individuals emerge. Thus, this paper explains the importance of the emotional dimension both in consumer decision-making and in measuring the impact of marketing activities. The purpose of the article is to indicate the current position of the use of neuromarketing and its tools in the analysis of consumer behaviour and show how an important role is played by emotions and the unconscious part of consumers’ minds during purchasing decisions. It is a review article, based on interdisciplinary knowledge, which brings to the fore new possibilities of studying not only the observed behaviour of consumers but also their minds — including decision-making processes, as well as the role of emotions and perceptions triggered by brands, products, messages and advertisements. New knowledge from the area of neuromarketing is not a categorical alternative to traditional marketing, but effectively complements it. Companies can adopt new research methods and invest in strategies that allow them to engage consumers emotionally in order to better connect with them and uncover hidden needs and desires.
Strategy of Balancing in Turkish Foreign Policy
Authors: Grafov D. B.
Published: July 2022

The new offensive approach of Turkey's foreign policy is the sign of President Erdogan's ambitions to redistribute power in the Middle East and the Eastern Mediterranean and a way to legitimize his own regime. On the one hand, this can be seen as the ambitions of «neo-Ottomanism», on the other hand, there is a new attempt to solve five foreign policy problems: the «Kurdish issue», the «Aegean dispute», the return of territories mentioned in the “National Oath” (Misak-i Milli), breakthrough from disillusionment with integration with the EU and overcoming inequality in allied relations with the United States to satisfy antiAmerican nationalism.The article examines Turkey's foreign policy since Erdogan gained full control of power and intervened in the civil war in Syria in 2014-2015. The aim is to determine the reason for Turkey's offensive strategy from the perspectives of Neorealism theory of International Relations and Bargaining model of war. The main findings are as follows. Erdogan's policy of power redistribution has focused on relations with the United States, the EU, and Russia as well as regional powers and has employed dominance in bargaining power as the main tool. A show of Turkey's force makes counterparts more compliant and serves as a tool to convince that the cost of deterring Turkey will be greater than the cost of concession.The main feature of Erdogan's policy is the use of contradictions between partners. According to Neorealism, if a state becomes too powerful, the balancing coalition occurs. But Turkey's offensive policy does not face a balancing coalition (or an international system, especially on the NATO and the EU directions), because there are many contradictions between potential opponents, which Erdogan masterfully uses. At some point, Turkey balances each of them by the threat to move closer to its opponent thus creating a balancing lever in “balancing triangle”. In this way Erdogan uses a series of “balancing triangles” to put pressure on Russia, the US, and the EU simultaneously.
A Review of Renewable Energy Development and Planning for an Island Province in Eastern Indonesia: Case Study of North Maluku
Authors: Anugrah Pinto , Petrana Subhan , Laksono Heru Dibyo
Published: July 2022

Indonesia intends to use renewable energy both locally and on a national scale. Regional energy planning must be developed by provincial governments in accordance with national energy planning (RUEN). One of the few provinces that has already published its regional energy planning is North Maluku Province. The ambition to use more renewable energy technologies for power generation is already taken into account in their regional energy planning. However, North Maluku Province may rely on renewable energy as their primary source of power because of the abundance of these resources. The purpose of this paper is to examine renewable energy development and planning in relation to the RUPTL 2021-2030 power development plan. This review gives an insight that North Maluku Province still have untapped renewable energy potential which can be developed in the future to increase its renewable shares in electricity mix as well as to enhance energy security and accessibility in the region.
Comparison of methods for assessing acne severity
Authors: Aliyev Aziz Sh. , Mukhamedov Bakhrambek I. , Koldarova Evelina V. , Tashkenbaeva Umida A.
Published: July 2022

Background. Given today's standards of care, assessing the severity of acne is very important to the practicing dermatologist. Currently, there are many methods for assessing the severity of acne, however, there is no single generally accepted method of assessment that would satisfy the needs of the practitioner and the specialist researcher. Aims. The purpose of our study was to compare the two most commonly used methods for assessing the severity of acne the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) and the Dermatological Acne Index (DIA) in order to select the most appropriate one for use in the daily practice of a dermatologist. Materials and methods. The study included 64 patients with acne who applied for an appointment with dermatologists at the consultative polyclinic of the Republican Dermovenereological Clinical Hospital for the period March June 2019. Of these, there were 26 men and 38 women 40.6% and 59.4%. All patients were assessed for the severity of acne by two methods GAGS and DIA by three researchers dermatologists. Results. In the course of the study, both among men and women, the vast majority of patients with acne were between the ages of 18 and 25 years. When examining patients using the GAGS index, 46.8% of patients were observed with mild severity, 39.1% with moderate and 14.1% with severe acne, with a significant difference only in severe acne between men and women (p 0.05). When assessing GAGS, more patients were observed with mild severity, and when assessing DIA, moderate severity. There was a good correlation (0.914) between the scores of the two acne severity scales. Conclusions. Considering that both methods for assessing the severity of acne showed approximately the same results, the method for assessing acne according to the DIA scale, due to the shorter time spent for its implementation, can be used in the daily practice of a dermatologist.
Evaluation of clinical results of combined correction of age-related skin changes using fractional microneedle therapy and platelet-rich plasma activated by autologous thrombin.
Authors: Alenichev Andrey Yu. , Kruglova Larisa S. , Fedorov Sergey M. , Sharypova Inna V. , Ast Natalie A.
Published: July 2022

Background. Involutive processes in the human body are often accompanied by the only visible manifestation - a change in appearance. Against this background, the search for new treatment methods that will focus on timely and rational correction of age-related skin changes and combine the possibility of complex effects on the mechanisms of skin aging is relevant. Hardware physiotherapy technologies and innovative autologous cellular preparations have a powerful regenerative potential, trigger and support physiological tissue regeneration. Despite the substantial amount of data on combined aesthetic correction protocols, there were only isolated data in the domestic and foreign literature on the combined use of fractional needle radiofrequency therapy and platelet-rich plasma activated by autologous thrombin. This was the basis for this study. Aims. To evaluate the results of a combined method for correcting age-related skin changes based on a combination of hardware fractional needle radiofrequency exposure and injection therapy with platelet-rich plasma activated by autologous thrombin, comparing to monotherapy the same methods. Materials and methods. Fractional microneedle radiofrequency therapy was carried out three times with an interval between procedures of 3 weeks with the use of a high-frequency electrosurgical device Scarlet RF. Therapy with autologous plasma rich in platelets activated by autologous thrombin (PRP therapy) was performed three times with an interval between procedures of 3 weeks without the use of preliminary topical anesthesia. Combination therapy combined the use of the above methods. Regression of clinical signs of skin aging was evaluated according to digital dermatoscopy and regression of the total value of the dermatological index of the quality of life of patients, as well as improvement of qualitative and functional parameters of the skin. A statistical analysis was carried out. Results. A comparative analysis of the influence of various methods of correction of involutive changes in the skin of the face showed that the use of combination therapy provides the development of the most significant clinical effect in relation to all the assessed signs of skin aging. Combination therapy was accompanied by a significant increase in the integral index of microcirculation, regardless of age. The reconstructive effect on the morphological structures of the skin according to ultrasonography also turned out to be significantly higher for the combined method of treatment in comparison with radiofrequency therapy. Conclusions. The combined use of fractional microneedle radiofrequency therapy and PRP therapy provides a more effective and prolonged correction of age-related skin changes compared to the monotherapy.
Regression of retro-odontoid pseudotumor following botulinum injection into cervical muscles
Authors: Kawanishi Masahiro , Tanaka Hidekazu , Ito Yutaka , Yamada Makoto , Yokoyama Kunio , Ikeda Naokado , Sugie Akira
Published: July 2022

Background:

Posterior fixation of C1/2 has become more commonly performed to treat retro-odontoid pseudotumor (ROP). Here, we report a 60-year-old female with cervical dystonia (CD), whose ROP regressed and whose quadriparesis improved after a series of cervical intramuscular botulinum injections.

Case Description:

A 60-year-old female with 30 years of CD newly presented with a progressive quadriparesis. When the MRI showed ROP compression the cervical spinal cord, she refused surgery and underwent multiple cervical muscular botulinum injections over the next 2 years. Following these injections, the patient’s quadriparesis improved as the ROP regressed on subsequent MR studies.

Conclusion:

Over a 2-year period, multiple cervical botulinum injections caused regression of a retro-odontoid cervical pseudotumor improvement in the patient’s quadriparesis.
Promoting Philosophy for Children (P4C) in teaching Reading
Authors: Safriyani Rizka , Mustofa Ali
Published: July 2022

Philosophy for Children is an educational approach that emphasizes philosophical inquiry as a central component of the learning process. Critical thinking is cultivated through the use of reasoned moves to construct arguments. This study aims to look into how fairy tales can teach students about philosophy while also teaching them to read. This qualitative study is based on a case study at one of Surabaya's primary schools. As part of the research, two teachers participated. The data was gathered through interviews and document analysis. The findings showed that the students in the study used their own experiences to speculate and hypothesize about the activities of fictional characters. Implications and suggestions were also made
Islamic terrorists propaganda in cyberspace
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Kim Eun Young , Yun Min Woo
Published: July 2022

Today, the cyberspace became a very important battle field of psychological warfare where terrorist groups are spreading propaganda, recruiting terrorists, and justifying their violent terror attacks. However, there are still a lack of literature investigating terrorist propaganda in cyberspace as a cyber warfare. Therefore, this study explores recent propaganda activities of terrorists in cyber space, its influence on the followers in social network, and countermeasure efforts. The findings of this study suggest that the wining of the new battle field becomes one of the most imminent and important tasks for military, intelligence communities, and counterterrorism authorities. In conclusion, the authors discuss academic and policy implications of the findings and suggest future research directions.
Analisis Marjin Pemasaran Salak Pondoh di Kecamatan Turi Kabupaten Sleman
Authors: Caesari Cecilia Elsa , Sutrisno Joko , Antriyandarti Ernoiz
Published: July 2022

This study aims to identify the pattern of salak pondoh marketing channels, know the amount of cost, profit and marketing margin salak pondoh, analyze the factors that affect the marketing margin salak pondoh and know the level of efficiency economically from each marketing channel salak pondoh in Turi District Sleman. The basic method used in this study is descriptive and analytic method. Location of study is Turi District Sleman, because Turi Sub-district is the center of salak pondoh in Sleman District. The results showed that there are 3 (three) types of salak pondoh marketing channel. Channel I: Farmers → Wholesaler → Trader Outer City; Channel II: Farmers → Village Collector Traders → Wholesaler → Out of City Collector Trades; Channel III: Farmers → Export Collecting Traders → Mitra Turindo. The total marketing cost of marketing channels I, II, and III are Rp 720/kg, Rp 821/kg and Rp 1.101/kg. The total profit for marketing channels I, II, and III are Rp 180/kg, Rp 479/kg, and Rp 1.299/kg. The percentages of marketing margins for channels I, II, and III are 17,77%, 20,02%, and 31,58%. The factors that affect the marketing margin salak pondoh is marketing agencies. Marketing channel I is the most efficient marketing channel with marketing margin percentage value of 17,77% and farmer share value of 83,02%. Government should provide training of processing salak pondoh into snacks and farmers can register their garden to join export program.
Pengaruh Dosis Sludge dan Pupuk MKP Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Lobak Pada Tanah Gambut
Authors: Seli Seli , Basuni Basuni , Pramulya Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Effect of Sludge and MKP Fertilizer Doses on Radish Plant Growth and Yield on Peatsoils. The development of the horseraean plant in peat land is faced with the number of obstacles in low, low ph, inlet, high c-organics with varying degrees of maturity and low - base base soils that are causing the growth and development of plants to be stunted, That would make a sludge delivery out of MKP fertilizer. The study is aimed at seeing the effect that doses of sludge given and MKP fertilizers have on the growth and growth of turnip plants in the peat soil. The research was conducted on KEP’S Agroland at Jl. Sui Raya Dalam, Pontianak City from March 12th to April 31th  2021. The study uses field experimental methods with comprehensive design prosecutions consisting of 2 treatment factors. The first factor is the sludge with the levels of treatment and the second factor is MKP fertilizer. Each factor is repeated 3 times, each denteronomy consisting of 4 plant samples, making the total number of plants 108. The first factor is the dose of sludge and the second is the dose of MKP fertilizer which has three levels of treatment each. Every treatment is repeated three times. A sludge dose consists of 0, 200, 320 g/polybag (equivalent to 0, 25, 40 tons /ha), while the MKP dosage consists of 0, 2, 4 g/polybag (equivalent to 0, 150, 250 kg/ha). The observed variabel is that of the number of leaves, the fresh weight of the plant, the fresh weight of the bulbous, the length of the tuber diameter and the plant’s dry weight. The research suggests and that there is no interaction between her and MKP for all variables. The treatment of sludge and MKP involving a dose of sludge 25 tons/hectares is equivalent to 200 g/polybag and MKP 150 kg/hectares is equivalent to 2 g/polybag is an efficient gift.
Homogeneous ice nucleation rates for mW and TIP4P/ICE models through Lattice Mold calculations
Authors: Sanchez-Burgos Ignacio , Tejedor Andres R. , Vega Carlos , Conde Maria M. , Sanz Eduardo , Ramirez Jorge , ESPINOSA JORGE R.
Published: July 2022

Water freezing is the most common liquid-to-crystal phase transition on Earth, however, despite its critical implications on climate change and cryopreservation among other disciplines, its characterization through experimental and computational techniques remains elusive. In this work, we make use of computer simulations to measure the nucleation rate (J) of water at normal pressure under different supercooling conditions, ranging from 215 to 240K. We employ two different water models, mW, a coarse-grained potential for water, and TIP4P/ICE, an atomistic non-polarizable water model that provides one of the most accurate representations of the different ice phases. To evaluate J, we apply the Lattice Mold technique, a computational method based on the use of molds to induce the nucleus formation from the metastable liquid under conditions at which observing spontaneous nucleation would be unfeasible. With this method, we obtain estimates of the nucleation rate for ice Ih, Ic and a stacking mixture of ice Ih/Ic; reaching consensus with most of the previously reported rates, although differing with some others. Furthermore, we confirm that the predicted nucleation rates by the TIP4P/ICE model are in better agreement with experimental data than those obtained through the mW potential. Taken together, our study provides a reliable methodology to measure nucleation rates in a simple and computationally efficient manner which contributes to benchmarking the freezing behaviour of two popular water models.
The Source of Proton in the Noyori−Ikariya Reaction
Authors: Tkachenko Nikolay V. , Rublev Pavel , Dub Pavel A.
Published: July 2022

The study of the mechanism of the Noyori‒Ikariya asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones spans nearly three decades of investigations. Whereas the early part of the catalytic cycle being the hydride transfer is now well-understood, the late part being the proton transfer is still ambiguous. Specifically, the source of the proton can be the N‒H functionality of the catalyst and/or the O‒H functionality of the reagent/solvent leading to two conceptually different catalytic cycles or even their combination. For three popular reagents/solvents typically used in the method, namely propan-2-ol, 5:2 HCO2H‒NEt3 and water, the source of the proton is presently either unknown, or the evidence is presented partially by only one approach ‒ experimental or computational. This work eliminates this ambiguity by means of various state-of-the-art molecular dynamics simulation methods (ab initio, quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics and path integral to include quantum tunneling effects). Here we show that the source of proton in propan-2-ol is catalyst’s N‒H functionality, whereas in more acidic water, binary 5:2 HCO2H‒NEt3 or neat formic acid the source of proton is reagent/solvent. Thus, depending on the source of reagent/solvent the catalyst’s ligand can be either chemically non-innocent or chemically innocent in the Noyori‒Ikariya reaction, which opens new opportunities for the outer-sphere homogeneous catalysts design.
A quantum-chemical analysis on the Lewis acidity of diaryl-halonium ions
Authors: Robidas Raphael , Reinhard Dominik , Huber Stefan M. , Legault Claude
Published: July 2022

Cyclic diaryliodonium compounds like iodolium derivatives have increasingly found use as noncovalent Lewis acids in the last years. They are more stable than acyclic systems and are markedly more Lewis acidic. Herein, this higher Lewis acidity is analyzed and explained via quantum-chemical calculations and energy decomposition analyses. Its key origin is the change in energy levels and hybridization of iodine’s orbitals, leading to both more favorable electrostatic interaction and better charge transfer. Both of the latter seem to contribute in similar fashion, while hydrogen bonding as well as steric repulsion with the phenyl rings play at best a minor role. In comparison to iodolium, bromolium and chlorolium are less Lewis acidic the lighter the halogen, which is predominantly based on less favorable charge-transfer interactions.
Free Aluminylenes: An Emerging Class of Compounds
Authors: Zhang Xin , Mei Yanbo , Liu Liu Leo
Published: July 2022

Aluminylenes (R–Al) are aluminium analogs of carbenes. In contrast to isolable carbenes, aluminylenes are extremely rare species. In the past years, pioneered by Schnöckel, Roesky and Power, a few free aluminylenes and their complexes have been reported. Such compounds have the aluminium atom in the oxidation state +I, which contrasts with classical organoaluminium derivatives that contain the element in the +III oxidation state. Aluminylenes, either in their free state or in the coordination sphere of a Lewis base, are capable of coordinating to transition metals and activating inert chemical bonds. Free aluminylenes are emerging as potent synthetic platforms for unusual aluminium species.
Development of a technology for processing waste plastic bottles and bags to obtain various types of biodegradable polymer films
Authors: Olzhabay A.T. , Urkimayeva P.I. , Kenessova Z.A. , Yespenbetova Sh.O. , El-Sayed Negim
Published: July 2022

Currently, one of the most important problems in the world is waste bottles made of polyethylene terephthalate, the number of which is currently growing every hour, polluting the environment. One of the ways to protect the environment from polyethylene terephthalate waste is the invention of biodegradable polymer materials from PET waste. Currently, several methods for processing polyethylene terephthalate waste have been proposed, but the work on the production of biodegradable materials has not been fully solved. Currently, various technologies for recycling plastic bottles and bags are being developed. The most promising technology in this direction is chemical processing, which is based on obtaining the final product in the form of a monomer or oligomer, which can be used as a new raw material for the synthesis of polymers. In this work, these polyethylene terephthalate wastes were chemically degraded with ethylene glycol solvent in the presence of zinc acetate catalyst and bis-hydroxy ethylene terephthalate was obtained. This work aims to obtain bis-2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET) by glycolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste for the synthesis of various types of biodegradable polymer films. Biodegradable films based on polyvinyl alcohol and BHET have been synthesized. Water-soluble copolymers based on BHET and PVA were obtained by grafted copolymerization. (PVA) polyvinyl alcohol (5; 15; 25 wt. %) was dissolved in distilled water at 75-80°C until complete dissolution, ammonium persulfate, used as an initiator, was added to the initial mixture and biodegradable films based on PVA and BHET were obtained for the first time.  It has also been proved that the resulting biodegradable films are formed by hydrogen bonds using IR spectroscopy.
RS2710102 POLYMORPHISM OF THE CNTNAP2 GENE IS RELATED TO AUTISM SUSCEPTIBILITY IN A KAZAKHSTANI POPULATION
Authors: Perfilyeva A. , Bespalova K. , Abylkassymova G. , Bekmanov B. , Djansugurova L.
Published: July 2022

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) represent serious mental development disorders characterized by deficits in verbal and non-verbal communication, reciprocal social interactions and stereotypical behaviors. Genetically determined pathologies of neurodevelopment and synaptic functioning are increasingly considered to be a cause of ASDs. Contactin associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) gene encodes a protein, which plays an essential role in brain development. Genetic variations in the CNTNAP2 gene can perturb its functions, contributing to the genetic predisposition to ASDs. The study aimed to investigate an association of the CNTNAP2 rs2710102 with ASDs in a Kazakhstani population. The study involved patients diagnosed with ASDs and healthy controls of Kazakhstani origin. PCR-RFLP assay was used for the genotyping rs2710102 CNTNAP2 SNP. The distribution of the rs2710102 genotype was under the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both cases and controls. C allele and СС genotype were associated with a significantly increased risk of ASDs (OR = 3.04, 95% CI = 1.96-4.72, p<0.001 and OR = 6.41, 95% CI = 2.47-16.63, p<0.001, respectively), which was also confirmed for males (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.23-4.10, p=0.007 and OR = 2.95, 95% CI = 1.06-8.18, p=0.029, respectively) and females (OR = 4.75, 95% CI = 1.91-11.77, p<0.001 and OR = 7.20, 95% CI = 0.89-58.53, p=0.002, respectively). In contrast, there was no statistically significant association of the rs2710102 with deficits of verbal communication in ASD patients. The obtained results provide the first significant link between rs2710102 CNTNAP2 and autism susceptibility in Asian populations.
The effect of mixed fertilizers on the vegetative growth and reproductive characteristics of tomatoes (L. esculentum Mill)
Authors: Bekbayeva L. , Zakaria Z. , Negim El-Sayed , Al Azzam K.M. , Yeligbayeva G.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate how combination fertilizers based on seaweed liquid extract (SLF) and nitrogen fertilizer (PU) affected tomato vegetative development and reproductive characteristics (L. esculentum Mill). The mixed fertilizers had varying amounts of SLF and a constant amount of PU [(5% SLF + PU50), (10% SLF + PU50, 30% SLF + PU50), and (50% SLF + PU50)]. The greenhouse was used to study tomato growth and yield response to mixed fertilizer. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used for the experiment, with five replicates for each treatment. The data were analysed using variance analysis (ANOVA) and compared to a control that did not use fertilizer. The results revealed that the mixed fertilizers resulted in substantial increases in all the evaluated attributes. However, mixed fertilizer (10% SLF + PU50) produced the highest vegetation, flower, and fruit characteristics compared to the control plants and other treatments. These results clearly show that 10% SLF + PU50 is favourable for tomatoes.
Observing the presence of efflux pump activities in some clinically isolated bacterial strains
Authors: Altınöz E. , Altuner E.M.
Published: July 2022

Chemotherapeutic agents are substances that cure infectious diseases for many years. However, problems arose due to drug resistance that developed over time and it was observed that the drugs failed to kill the bacteria. Studies have been carried out to find the factor caused by drug resistance that adversely affect the disease treatment, and these studies continue today. There are different types of resistance mechanisms. Efflux pumps are just one of these mechanisms. Efflux pumps cannot enter and release the drug into the cell. Thus, the microorganism becomes resistant to the drug used. If this resistance is inhibited, the drug may work. A variety of chemical or natural inhibitors are available for inhibition. However, since they cause toxicity problems, their clinical use is not currently available. Studies in this area are ongoing. There are studies to determine the activity of the efflux pump. The activity of this mechanism can be detected with ethidium bromide (EtBr). In this study, it was aimed to determine the efflux pump activity of some resistant clinically isolated strains using EtBr dye. The strains that are Acinetobacter baumannii, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia rustigianii, Serratia odorifera, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae microorganisms. Cartwheel method was applied on agars containing TSB with EtBr with different concentrations (0.0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L, 2.0 mg/L and 2.5 mg/L). After the incubation, activation case was observed under UV light.  It is concluded that each strain used has efflux pump activity. EtBr was released at 0.5 mg/L and did not fluoresce. Different fluorescence were observed under EtBr UV between 1.0 mg/L and 2.5 mg /L.
Faktor yang Memengaruhi Stres pada Remaja Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Putri Triyana Harlia , Azalia Dora Hesti
Published: July 2022

Dampak pandemi menimbulkan berbagai stressor yang menyebabkan kelompok remaja mengalami stres. Ancaman stress yang berkepanjangan berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan mental remaja yang berupa kecemasan hingga depresi. Studi ini memiliki tujuan untuk melihat factor demografis yang mempengaruhi stres pada remaja selama pandemi COVID-19. Pendekatan cross-sectional telah di gunakan dalam studi ini. Populasi dalam studi ini seluruh siswa di Sekolah Menegah Pertama Negeri 3 Sungai Raya, Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Sampel yang didapatkan sebanyak 264 responden dengan teknik stratified random sampling dengan menetapkan kriteria inklusi. Studi ini menggunakan instrumen kuesioner demografi dan Educational Stress Scale For Adolescents (ESSA) dalam versi Bahasa Indonesia. Analisa bivariat antara demografi dan level stres menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Temuan dalam studi ini dimana remaja selama pandemi sebagian besar remaja merasakan stres pada level rendah sebanyak 41,3%, diikuti level sedang hingga berat. Terdapat korelasi antara perbedaan usia remaja pada anak sekolah dan jenjang kelas dengan stres yang dirasakan remaja selama pandemi COVID-19 (p=<0.05).
Analisis Butir Soal Ulangan Harian Hasil Pengembangan Guru Materi Sistem Gerak Manusia Kelas XI IPA
Authors: Rismaulhijjah Wikha , Kuswanti Nur
Published: July 2022

Analisis butir soal merupakan proses mengkaji kualitas butir soal untuk menentukan kelayakan penggunaannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kualitas butir soal yang dikembangkan guru pada materi Sistem Gerak Manusia kelas XI IPA berdasarkan validitas teoritis dan validitas empiris. Validitas teoritis ditentukan berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli pada aspek tingkat kognitif, materi, konstruksi, dan bahasa. Validitas empiris ditentukan berdasarkan validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran, dan daya pembeda soal. Penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan aspek materi dan bahasa, soal dinyatakan valid, sedangkan berdasarkan aspek konstruksi, banyak butir soal tidak valid, serta didominasi tingkat kognitif C1, C2, dan C3. Secara empiris, butir soal tipe pilihan ganda termasuk kategori valid (25%) dan tidak valid (75%), reliabilitas rendah, serta berkategori sangat mudah (20%), mudah (15%), sedang (50%), dan sukar (15%), berdaya beda baik (35%), cukup (35%), dan buruk (30%). Butir soal tipe uraian memiliki kategori valid (60%), tidak valid (40%), reliabilitas rendah, serta termasuk kategori sangat mudah (20%), mudah (40%), dan sedang (40%), berdaya beda sangat baik (20%), baik (20%), dan cukup (40%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan validitas teoritis, butir soal berkategori valid, namun didominasi tingkat kognitif C1, C2, dan C3, serta tidak valid secara empiris.

Kata Kunci: Analisis butir soal, validitas teoritis, validitas empiris, aplikasi ANATES V4.
Analisis Hasil Belajar Mengetik Sistem 10 Jari Siswa Kelas X pada Mata Pelajaran Teknologi Perkantoran di SMK Ketintang Surabaya
Authors: Kurni Marthince , Wulandari Siti
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar sistem pengetikan 10 jari siswa kelas X program Administrasi Perkantoran di SMK Ketintang Surabaya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X jurusan Administrasi Perkantoran. Berjumlah 66 siswa, karena populasinya relatif besar dan tidak dapat diteliti.sehingga perlu ditentukan sampel dari populasi yang berjumlah 30 siswa, yaitu dari populasi. pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesionar (kuesioner), wawancara, dokumentasi. Teknik observasi deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar. Sistem pengetikan 10 jari siswa kelas x jurusan tata usaha di SMK ketintang surabaya ini tergolong dalam passing bagus dilihat dari nilai latihan, nilai ulangan harian dan nilai semester.
Pengaruh Model Project Based Learning (PjBL) terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Siswa Kelas XI OTKP di SMKS Ketintang Surabaya
Authors: Puspitasari Ratih Octaviana , Wulandari Siti Sri
Published: July 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran project based learning (PjBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa kelas XI OTKP di SMKS Ketintang Surabaya. Penelitian ini mengggunakan quasi experimental design dengan two group randomized posttest only control design. Sampel penelitian dalam penlitian ini adalah kelas XI OTKP 2 dan XI OTKP3 sejumlah 68 siswa. Teknik pengambilan datanya dalam bentuk wawancara secara langsung, dan tes. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah tes uji sampel independen. Sesuai hasil uji coba penelitian ini diperoleh thitung sebesar 2,802 serta taraf signifikasi sebesar 0,007. Dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% dan nilai α = 0,05 (df) 66, sehingga diperoleh besar ttabel sebesar 2,652. Dapat disimpulkan thitung 2,802 > ttabel 2,652, sehingga  H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, artinya terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran project based learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa pada mata pelajaran Produk Kreatif dan Kewirausahaan (PKWU) kelas XI OTKP di SMKS Ketintang Surabaya.