bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decentralized Coalition Formation with Agent-based Combinatorial Heuristics
Authors: Bremer Jörg , Lehnhoff Sebastian
Published: November 2017

A steadily growing pervasion of the energy distribution grid with communication technology is widely seen as an enabler for new computational coordination techniques for renewable, distributed generation as well as for bundling with controllable consumers. Smart markets will foster a decentralized grid management. One important task as prerequisite to decentralized management is the ability to group together in order to jointly gain enough suitable flexibility and capacity to assume responsibility for a specific control task in the grid. In self-organized smart grid scenarios, grouping or coalition formation has to be achieved in a decentralized and situation aware way based on individual capabilities. We present a fully decentralized coalition formation approach based on an established agent-based heuristics for predictive scheduling with the additional advantage of keeping all information about local decision base and local operational constraints private. Two closely interlocked optimization processes orchestrate an overall procedure that adapts a coalition structure to best suit a given set of energy products. The approach is evaluated in several simulation scenarios with different type of established models for integrating distributed energy resources and is also extended to the induced use case of surplus distribution using basically the same algorithm.
Investigation of pedagogical content knowledge of a science teacher based on the metacognitive awareness of her students
Authors: Karamustafaoğlu Orhan , Bardak Şeyma , Doğan Erkoç Satı Seray
Published: November 2017

In this study, it was aimed to determine the pedagogical content knowledge of a science teacher based on the metacognitive cognitive awareness of her students and to decide in-class activities related to this awareness. The study was carried out using case study, which is one of the qualitative research approaches with twenty-six 6th grade students and a science teacher who is working in a public school determined through purposeful sampling in 2015-2016 academic year. Sperling, Howard, and Murphy (2002) suggested that students should be able to identify pedagogical knowledge based on their metacognitive awareness. The Metacognitive Awareness Scale for Children adapted for Turkish (ÜBFÖ-Ç), which was developed to measure the metacognitive cognitive skills of the classes was applied by Karakelle and Saraç (2007). Then, semi-structured interviews with a science teacher were conducted and course presentations were observed through unstructured observations. When the data were analyzed, it was concluded that the students had average level of cognitive awareness and the teacher preferred the activities that could easily be understood by everyone while performing the in-class activities. However, it is suggested that the teacher used activities randomly due to her lack knowledge about applications. This resulted in the lack of pedagogical knowledge of the science teacher.
Total abnormal invasive placenta in a woman with a history of placental abruption and severe hemorrhage
Authors: Imai Haruka , Hasegawa Junichi , Suzuki Yuki , Kondo Haruhiro , Suzuki Nao
Published: November 2017

Abnormal invasive placenta (AIP) is subdivided into total, partial and focal types. A diagnosis of total AIP is made when the entire placenta adheres to the uterine myometrium. We experienced a patient with total AIP who had a history of an emergency cesarean section at 36 weeks of gestation due to placental abruption, and massive hemorrhage due to severe uterine atony treated conservatively with blood transfusion. From our experience with the present case, we hypothesize that total AIP resulted from thinning of the entire endometrium, as can occur with an ischemic change of the entire uterus after disruption of Nitabuch’s layer in severe placental abruption and intramuscular extravasation with uterine atony. This situation might adversely affect placental implantation in the current pregnancy.
(Health-related) quality of life and psychosocial factors in adolescents with chronic disease: a systematic literature review
Authors: Santos Teresa , de Matos Margarida Gaspar , Simões Celeste , Leal Isabel , do Céu Machado Maria
Published: November 2017

Background

Research on living with a chronic disease (CD) in adolescence is increasing. However, studies on the relevance of psychosocial factors are still needed. The present review, focuses on the impact of living with a CD in adolescence on on quality of life (QoL), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychosocial factors.

Methods

A literature review of articles identified through PubMed, PsycINFO and PsycARTICLES (these last two ones comprise the Ebsco Host platform) and original peer-reviewed research papers, published between 2010 and 2015, with no restrictions regarding the format/source of interventions, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or types of comparisons were included.

Results

Eighteen papers met the inclusion criteria and contradictory results were found: the majority showed a significantly higher risk of impairment on QoL/HRQoL and psychosocial factors, whereas others reported a significantly lower risk of impairment (highlighting possible protective factors), or no significant differences. Heterogeneity in the assessment procedures and substantial difficulties in considering adolescence as a single and independent age group, were also noted.

Conclusion

The higher risk of impairment and the heterogeneity observed between cohorts, reinforce the need to work towards consensual procedures, which allow for more accurate comparisons among studies. Additionally, it conveys the challenge to find more effective interventions. Furthermore, it is highly suggested to routinely assess HRQoL/psychosocial factors within an individualized framework, to considerer adolescents as a single/independent group, to emphasize potential protective factors, and, to increase youth’s participation in their own adaptation process and in health promotion in general. These are possible future directions that could enable multidisciplinary responses to improve HRQoL and psychosocial care in adolescents with a CD.
The effects of introducing Tabata interval training and stability exercises to school children as a school-based intervention program
Authors: Ekström Annika , Östenberg Anna Hafsteinsson , Björklund Glenn , Alricsson Marie
Published: November 2017

Background

Physical activities during leisure time as well as school hours have changed over the past few years, with adolescents being less physically active and adopting a sedentary lifestyle.

Objective

The overall objective of this mixed-methods study was to evaluate the feasibility of introducing a 4-min Tabata interval training into a lower secondary school context. A further aim was to evaluate the possible effects on: coordination, balance, and strength.

Methods

The study was conducted as an intervention study with a mixed-method approach. Forty-three children, aged 7–9 years, participated in the intervention group. Additionally, 13 children were recruited as a control group. The intervention itself was delivered by the teachers and was performed for 4-min every day in a classroom setting. All participants performed physical tests before and after the intervention period to evaluate the Tabata training. After the completion of the 6-week Tabata interval training, the four teachers were interviewed.

Results

The push-ups (p = 0.004), kneeling push-ups (p = 0.03), and standing long jump (p = 0.01) improved in the intervention group after 6 weeks. No differences were observed between the genders. The teachers experienced that it worked well to integrate the Tabata interval training in the classroom setting.

Conclusion

After 6 weeks, a school-based Tabata intervention program improved physical performance. The teachers saw no obstacles in including the Tabata intervention program in a classroom setting and pointed out several positive aspects such as an increased energy level and development in the children’s movement patterns.
Differences and similarities in medicine use, perceptions and sharing among adolescents in two different educational settings
Authors: Vestergaard Stense , Ravn Pernille , Hallgreen Christine Erikstrup , Kaae Susanne
Published: November 2017

Background

Evidence suggests that there are differences in medicine habits among adolescents with different sociodemographic backgrounds and that peers might also influence medicine use. More knowledge is needed regarding how these aspects together affect how different young people use medicines.

Objective

To explore the differences in medicine use, perceptions and sharing between adolescents at two different educational (and socio-demographic) settings and assess the influence of parents and peers.

Subjects

Fifty-nine students from a private high school (HS) and 34 students from a public vocational school (VS) in Denmark between the ages of 15 and 19 years old were subjects in this study.

Methods

A questionnaire was used that included background, medicine consumption, perceptions and social interaction. Descriptive analyses along with a Fishers test were used to determine differences and similarities between students’ medicine patterns at the school settings.

Results

Of the 93 respondents, 74% used medicine within the past month, with females using more medicines. A significant difference was found with students at the VS using a higher number of medicines. Analgesics were the most frequently consumed medicine; however, reasons for using medicines appear to vary between the schools. Similarities between the schools were identified for perception of safety, sharing medicine and talking primarily with parents about medicine.

Conclusion

Fewer differences between students’ medicine use at two educational settings than expected were identified, showing that aspects other than social background influence adolescents’ use of medicine. A general tendency among young people believing that using medicines is a safe might explain these findings.
Using theory of planned behavior for prediction of delivery mode among pregnant women: a theory-based cross-sectional research
Authors: Ghaffari Mohtasham , Afshari Atefeh , Rakhshanderou Sakineh , Armoon Bahram
Published: November 2017

Background

Nowadays, in Iran cesarean rates have increased from the recommended level of the World Health Organization (WHO).

Objectives

The objective of the present study was to determine which theory of planned behavior (TPB) constructs predict intentions and delivery mode among pregnant women.

Methods

One hundred and four pregnant nulliparous women in their third trimesters of pregnancy referred to Semirom health care centers were investigated based on census reports. The data were collected by valid and reliable questionnaire based on the TPB constructs and analyzed by SPSS16.

Results

In examining predictors using linear regression analysis to choose normal vaginal delivery (NVD), all constructs of TPB, including attitude toward NVD (p < 0.0001), subjective norms (p < 0.05) and perceived behavioral control (p < 0.001) were significantly correlated. Finally, after telephone follow-up with the women who had delivered newborns on their delivery method, it was found that 71.15% had a NVD and 28.14% had a cesarean delivery.

Conclusions

Regarding the effect of attitude to NVD, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control in NVD intention and its crucial role in anticipating the final delivery method, it is recommended considering these constructs in designing educational interventions for safe delivery in the investigated area.
Relationships between metabolic profile, hypertension and uric acid with cardiometabolic risk in adolescents with abdominal obesity: impact of geodemographic factors on the prevalence of abdominal obesity
Authors: Bouhenni Hamida , Daoudi Hadjer , Djemai Haidar , Noirez Philippe , Rouabah Abdelkader , Vitiello Damien , Rouabah Leila
Published: November 2017

Background

Association of hyperuricemia, dyslipidemia and high blood pressure (BP) among adolescents with high waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) remains not fully addressed and could represent a new way to diagnose adolescents early with cardiometabolic risk.

Objective

We aimed to determine abdominal obesity (AO) prevalence and investigate relations between AO, uric acid (UA), lipid profiles, BP and geographical patterns in adolescents.

Subjects

577 and 204 Algerian students aged between 10 and 19 years were included in our epidemiological and biochemical studies, respectively.

Methods

Height, weight, waist circumference (Wc) and hip circumferences, body mass index (BMI) and BP were measured. Fasting blood sampling was performed to measure glycemia, lipid profile, uricemia, insulinemia and leptinemia. The WHtR ≥0.50 was applied for the diagnosis of AO and geodemographics was evaluated.

Results

The prevalence of AO was 12.13% among all students, 19.17% and 16.39% among students living in urban and plain areas, respectively. The risk of AO may be reduced in rural and mountainous areas. Lipid parameters, UA, insulin and leptin serum concentrations were significantly increased in adolescents with WHtR ≥0.50 compared to those with WHtR <0.50. Cardiometabolic risk was increased with WHtR ≥0.50 and BMI >26. Means of BMI, Wc, BP, and lipid parameters were significantly increased in the fourth quartiles compared to the first quartile of UA.

Conclusion

Urban areas and plains represent factors contributing to AO and WHtR ≥0.50 may be used as a cut-off point to define risks of high BP, lipid abnormalities and UA serum level in Algerian adolescents.
Increased risk of sadness and suicidality among victims of bullying experiencing additional threats to physical safety
Authors: Pham Tammy B. , Adesman Andrew
Published: November 2017

Objective

To examine, in a nationally-representative sample of high school students, to what extent one or more additional threats to physical safety exacerbates the risk of sadness and suicidality among victims of school and/or cyber-bullying.

Methods

National data from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) were analyzed for grades 9–12 (n = 15,624). Victimization groups were characterized by school-bullying and cyber-bullying, with and without additional threats to physical safety: fighting at school, being threatened/injured at school, and skipping school out of fear for one’s safety. Outcomes included 2-week sadness and suicidality. Outcomes for victimization groups were compared to non-victims using logistic regression adjusting for sex, grade and race/ethnicity.

Results

Overall, 20.2% of students were school-bullied, and 15.5% were cyber-bullied in the past year. Compared to non-victims, victims of school-bullying and victims of cyber-bullying (VoCBs) who did not experience additional threats to physical safety were 2.76 and 3.83 times more likely to report 2-week sadness, and 3.39 and 3.27 times more likely to exhibit suicidality, respectively. Conversely, victims of bullying who experienced one or more additional threats to physical safety were successively more likely to report these adverse outcomes. Notably, victims of school-bullying and VoCBs with all three additional risk factors were 13.13 and 17.75 times more likely to exhibit suicidality, respectively.

Conclusion

Risk of depression symptoms and suicidality among victims of school-bullying and/or cyber-bullying is greatly increased among those who have experienced additional threats to physical safety: fighting at school, being threatened/injured at school and skipping school out of fear for their safety.
Menstrual irregularity and use of oral contraceptives in female adolescent athletes in Swedish National Sports High Schools
Authors: von Rosen Philip , Heijne Annette , Frohm Anna , Fridén Cecilia
Published: November 2017

Objective

Female adolescent athletes seem to use oral contraceptives (OCs) in the same proportion as the general population. In athletes not using OCs, menstrual irregularity (MI) is reported to be common but there are few studies of MI in adolescent athletes. The aim of the study was to survey menarche, menstrual irregularity and use of OCs in adolescent athletes in the National Sports High Schools in Sweden. A further aim was to study the associations between current sport injury and menstrual irregularity as well as use of OCs.

Subjects

Two hundred and ninety-eight female adolescent athletes at Swedish National Sports High Schools.

Methods

A web-based questionnaire containing questions related to menstrual status, contraception and current injury.

Results

One third (32.6%) of the athletes used OCs and of the remaining athletes 31.8% had MI. The group of athletes with MI had a significantly (p = 0.038; Cohen’s d, 0.32) lower BMI and consisted of a significantly (p = 0.043) higher proportion of endurance athletes. OC users were less likely to participate in endurance sports compared to non-OC users (p = 0.024). Current injury was equally distributed in the OC and the non-OC group but athletes with MI had fewer sports injuries compared to eumenorrheic women.

Conclusion

OCs are frequently used among athletes at Swedish National Sports High Schools. OC users were less likely to participate in endurance sports compared to non-OC users. MI was common and athletes with MI had lower BMI compared to eumenorrheic athletes. Sports injuries were not associated with use of OC and eumenorrheic athletes had a higher proportion of current injury.
Self perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics among young adults: a cross sectional questionnaire study
Authors: Chakradhar Kuracha , Doshi Dolar , Kulkarni Suhas , Reddy Bandari Srikanth , Reddy Sahithi , Srilatha Adepu
Published: November 2017

Background

Oral health is not merely the absence of oral disease and dysfunction, but also influences the subject’s social life and dento-facial self confidence.

Objective

To assess and correlate self perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics among young adults based on gender.

Subjects

A convenience sample of Young adults of degree college in the age group of 18–23 years of Hyderabad city, India.

Method

Self perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics was assessed using the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ). The dental aesthetic index (DAI) was used to evaluate dental aesthetics among participants which includes 10 parameters of dento-facial anomalies related to both clinical and aesthetic aspects of the anterior teeth.

Results

The majority of the study population were 18 years of age (96; 31.4%) with a mean age of 19.2 ± 1.1 years. When the mean total score and individual domain scores of PIDAQ was compared based on gender, females showed higher statistical mean (p ≤ 0.05) for all except the psychology impact domain (p = 0.12). Based on DAI grading and gender, among both males [70 (32.9%)] and females [31 (33.3%)] the majority of them had a DAI score of ≤25 (grade1; normal/minor dental malocclusion). A significant negative correlation was observed between DAI, with PIDAQ and its domains (p ≤ 0.05) except for the dental self confidence (p = 0.72).

Conclusion

This study had examined the relationship between self-perceived psychosocial impact and dental aesthetics. So, early preventive or interceptive procedures should be carried out to prevent further psychosocial impacts on human life.
A Methodology to Prevent Failure in Single Pole Reclosing Operations
Authors: Miguel Pablo Mourente
Published: November 2017

After a phase to earth fault in a transmission line, opening of the circuit breaker poles at line extremities interrupts the fault current in the faulted phase. However, due to coupling between phases there is still a residual current through the electric arc, which is then denominated secondary arc. Interruption of the secondary arc defines if single pole reclosing operation will succeed. Nowadays, studies evaluate the likelihood of secondary arc interruption to define application of single phase reclosing. By several reasons, the secondary arc interruption may not occur leading the single pole reclosing operation to a failure. In this case, the circuit breaker pole has to open again and that depletes the energy stored in the operating mechanism. As the rated operating cycle of a fast reclosing circuit breaker is O – 0,3 s – CO – 15 s CO, a failure in the first reclosing shot makes necessary an interval longer than 15 s to perform a second reclosing shot. The methodology presented herein establishes a verification beforehand if a single pole reclosing will be successful. With the secondary arc still active, the single pole reclosing is blocked and the system proceeds to a three pole reclosing. Blocking of the first reclosing shot keeps the energy stored in the operating mechanism and the three pole reclosing shot may proceed with an interval of 300 ms.
A sufficient condition for nilpotency of the nilpotent residual of a finite group
Authors: Freitas de Andrade Agenor , Carrazedo Dantas Alex
Published: November 2017

Let G be a finite group with the property that if

a
,
b

{a,b}

are powers of

δ
1
*

{\delta_{1}^{*}}

-commutators such that

(

|
a
|

,

|
b
|

)

=
1

{(|a|,|b|)=1}

, then

|

a
⁢
b

|

=

|
a
|

⁢

|
b
|

{|ab|=|a||b|}

. We show that

γ
∞

⁢

(
G
)

{\gamma_{\infty}(G)}

is nilpotent.
Budgeting suspended sediment fluxes in tropical monsoonal watersheds with limited data: the Lake Tana basin
Authors: Zimale Fasikaw A. , Moges Mamaru A. , Alemu Muluken L. , Ayana Essayas K. , Demissie Solomon S. , Tilahun Seifu A. , Steenhuis Tammo S.
Published: November 2017

Soil erosion decreases soil fertility of the uplands and causes siltation of lakes and reservoirs; the lakes and reservoirs in tropical monsoonal African highlands are especially affected by sedimentation. Efforts in reducing loads by designing management practices are hampered by lack of quantitative data on the relationship of erosion in the watersheds and sediment accumulation on flood plains, lakes and reservoirs. The objective of this study is to develop a prototype quantitative method for estimating sediment budget for tropical monsoon lakes with limited observational data. Four watersheds in the Lake Tana basin were selected for this study. The Parameter Efficient Distributed (PED) model that has shown to perform well in the Ethiopian highlands is used to overcome the data limitations and recreate the missing sediment fluxes. PED model parameters are calibrated using daily discharge data and the occasionally collected sediment concentration when establishing the sediment rating curves for the major rivers. The calibrated model parameters are then used to predict the sediment budget for the 1994-2009 period. Sediment retained in the lake is determined from two bathymetric surveys taken 20 years apart whereas the sediment leaving the lake is calculated based on measured discharge and observed sediment concentrations. Results show that annually on average 34 t/ha/year of sediment is removed from the gauged part of the Lake Tana watersheds. Depending on the up-scaling method from the gauged to the ungauged part, 21 to 32 t/ha/year (equivalent to 24-38 Mt/year) is transported from the upland watersheds of which 46% to 65% is retained in the flood plains and 93% to 96% is trapped on the flood plains and in the lake. Thus, only 4-7% of all sediment produced in the watersheds leaves the Lake Tana Basin.
An unusual kind of diurnal streamflow variation
Authors: Cuevas Jaime G. , Arumí José L. , Zúñiga-Feest Alejandra , Little Christian
Published: November 2017

During hydrological research in a Chilean swamp forest, we noted a pattern of higher streamflows close to midday and lower ones close to midnight, the opposite of an evapotranspiration (Et)-driven cycle. We analyzed this diurnal streamflow signal (DSS), which appeared mid-spring (in the growing season). The end of this DSS coincided with a sustained rain event in autumn, which deeply affected stream and meteorological variables. A survey along the stream revealed that the DSS maximum and minimum values appeared 6 and 4 hours earlier, respectively, at headwaters located in the mountain forests/ plantations than at the control point in the swamp forest. Et in the swamp forest was higher in the morning and in the late afternoon, but this process could not influence the groundwater stage. Trees in the mountain headwaters reached their maximum Ets in the early morning and/or close to midday. Our results suggest that the DSS is a wave that moves from forests high in the mountains towards lowland areas, where Et is decoupled from the DSS. This signal delay seems to convert the link between streamflow and Et in an apparent, but spurious positive relationship. It also highlights the role of landscape heterogeneity in shaping hydrological processes.
Influence of discharge on fish habitat suitability curves in mountain watercourses in IFIM methodology
Authors: Macura Viliam , Štefunková Zuzana Š , Majorošová Martina , Halaj Peter , Škrinár Andrej
Published: November 2017

In this study, the quality of the aquatic habitats of mountain and piedmont streams was evaluated using the ‘Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM)’ decision-making tool. The quality of habitats was interpreted from the behaviour of bioindicators in the form of habitat suitability curves (HSCs). From 1995 until the present, 59 different reaches of 43 mountain streams in Slovakia and 3 validation reaches were evaluated, and the results analysed. The aim of this study was to generalize the parameters of the HSCs for the brown trout. The generalized curves will be useful for water management planning. It is difficult and time-consuming to take hydrometrical and ichthyological measurements at different water levels. Therefore, we developed a methodology for modifying suitability curves based on an ichthyological survey during a low flow and a flow at which fish lose the ability to resist the flow velocity. The study provides the information how such curves can be modified for a wider flow range. In summary, this study shows that generalized HSCs provide representative data that can be used to support both the design of river restoration and the assessment of the impacts of the water use or of climate change on stream habitat quality.
The Development of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials Industry in Science and Entrepreneurship: Scientific Indicators. A Case Study of Latvia (Part Three)
Authors: Geipele S. , Geipele I. , Kauskale L. , Zeltins N. , Staube T. , Pudzis E.
Published: November 2017

The present scientific paper is the third part and continuation of the indepth scientific study of the developed system of engineering economic indicators, where the authors obtain results from the scientific research presented in a series of works on the development of the nanotechnologies and advanced materials industry in science and entrepreneurship in Latvia. Part three determines the crucial scientific indicators of the development of nano-field at the macro, micro, and meso development levels of the economic environment in Latvia. The paper provides the interaction of new identified indicators of nanofield in terms of further scientific and practical activities. Latvia is analysed in comparison with other countries in the world.
Theoretical and Experimental Research of Synchronous Reluctance Motor
Authors: Dobriyan R. , Vitolina S. , Lavrinovicha L. , Dirba J.
Published: November 2017

The paper presents the research on evaluation of accuracy of magnetic field calculations of synchronous reluctance motor in comparison with the results obtained in experiments. Magnetic field calculations are performed with the finite element method to determine values of the magnetic flux and electromagnetic torque according to the current value in motor stator and load angle between the rotor direct-axis and axis of stator magnetomotive force (MMF). Experimental values of magnetic flux and electromagnetic torque are obtained on motor with locked rotor while equivalent direct current is applied to the stator windings. The research shows that the results obtained from the magnetic field calculations coincide well with the experimental data.
Evaluation of Signal Regeneration Impact on the Power Efficiency of Long-Haul DWDM Systems
Authors: Pavlovs D. , Bobrovs V. , Parfjonovs M. , Alsevska A. , Ivanovs G.
Published: November 2017

Due to potential economic benefits and expected environmental impact, the power consumption issue in wired networks has become a major challenge. Furthermore, continuously increasing global Internet traffic demands high spectral efficiency values. As a result, the relationship between spectral efficiency and energy consumption of telecommunication networks has become a popular topic of academic research over the past years, where a critical parameter is power efficiency. The present research contains calculation results that can be used by optical network designers and operators as guidance for developing more power efficient communication networks if the planned system falls within the scope of this paper. The research results are presented as average aggregated traffic curves that provide more flexible data for the systems with different spectrum availability. Further investigations could be needed in order to evaluate the parameters under consideration taking into account particular spectral parameters, e.g., the entire C-band.
Spectral Analysis of Pressure, Noise and Vibration Velocity Measurement in Cavitation
Authors: Jablonská Jana , Mahdal Miroslav , Kozubková Milada
Published: November 2017

The article deals with experimental investigation of water cavitation in the convergent-divergent nozzle of rectangular cross-section. In practice, a quick and simple determination of cavitation is essential, especially if it is basic cavitation or cavitation generated additionally by the air being sucked. Air influences the formation, development and size of the cavity area in hydraulic elements. Removal or reduction of the cavity area is possible by structural changes of the element. In case of the cavitation with the suction air, it is necessary to find the source of the air and seal it. The pressure gradient, the flow, the oxygen content in the tank, and hence the air dissolved in the water, the air flow rate, the noise intensity and the vibration velocity on the nozzle wall were measured on laboratory equipment. From the selected measurements the frequency spectrum of the variation of the water flow of the cavity with cavitation without air saturation and with air saturation was compared and evaluated.
Two Methods of Automatic Evaluation of Speech Signal Enhancement Recorded in the Open-Air MRI Environment
Authors: Přibil Jiří , Přibilová Anna , Frollo Ivan
Published: November 2017

The paper focuses on two methods of evaluation of successfulness of speech signal enhancement recorded in the open-air magnetic resonance imager during phonation for the 3D human vocal tract modeling. The first approach enables to obtain a comparison based on statistical analysis by ANOVA and hypothesis tests. The second method is based on classification by Gaussian mixture models (GMM). The performed experiments have confirmed that the proposed ANOVA and GMM classifiers for automatic evaluation of the speech quality are functional and produce fully comparable results with the standard evaluation based on the listening test method.
Altersbedingte Veränderungen der Mikrogliazellen: ihre Rolle bei gesundem Altern des Gehirns und bei neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen
Authors: Garaschuk Olga
Published: November 2017

Mikrogliazellen sind die Hauptimmunzellen des Gehirns. Laut jüngster Erkenntnisse sind sie jedoch nicht nur für die Immunabwehr des Gehirns, sondern auch für viele homöostatische Funktionen von entscheidender Bedeutung. Zum Beispiel für die Entwicklung und Erhaltung neuronaler Netze, die Freisetzung von Wachstumsfaktoren zur trophischen Unterstützung umliegender Neurone, die Überwachung und Modulation der synaptischen Übertragung, die Beseitigung von extrazellulären Proteinablagerungen sowie die Reparatur von Mikroschäden des Hirnparenchyms. Folglich wirken sich altersbedingte Veränderungen der Mikroglia-Funktion auf viele Aspekte der Hirnphysiologie aus. In diesem Beitrag möchte ich die physiologischen Eigenschaften der Mikrogliazellen im erwachsenen Säugetiergehirn erörtern und die Veränderungen dieser Eigenschaften während des gesunden Alterns sowie altersbedingten neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen diskutieren. Anschließend sollen die diesen Veränderungen zugrunde liegenden zellulären/molekularen Mechanismen erläutert werden. All diese Daten liefern zusammen einen neuen konzeptionellen Rahmen für die Betrachtung der Rolle der Mikrogliazellen bei altersbedingter Dysfunktion des Gehirns.
DFG-Graduiertenkolleg 2150„Neuronale Grundlagen der Modulation von Aggression und Impulsivität im Rahmen von Psychopathologie“
Authors: Habel Ute , Gur Ruben C.
Published: November 2017

Im April 2016 nahm das neue internationale Graduiertenkolleg 2150 (IRTG 2150) mit dem Titel „Neuronale Grundlagen der Modulation von Aggression und Impulsivität im Rahmen von Psychopathologie“ offiziell seine Arbeit auf. Institutionell setzt sich das internationale GRK zusammen aus (1) der Jülich-Aachen-Research-Alliance (JARA), einer Vernetzung der RWTH Aachen und dem Forschungszentrum Jülich, speziell der Sektion JARA-BRAIN, sowie (2) der renommierten University of Pennsylvania in den USA. Beide Standorte verbindet eine seit vielen Jahren bestehende enge wissenschaftliche Beziehung, die auf einer erfolgreichen Zusammenarbeit im vorangehenden gemeinsamen Internationalen Graduiertenkolleg zu Schizophrenie und Autismus (IRTG 1328, Sprecher: Frank Schneider) beruht und die in diesem neuen Verbund weiter ausgebaut werden soll. Das Graduiertenkolleg dient der wissenschaftlich-akademischen Qualifizierung auf dem Gebiet der klinischen, translationalen, molekularen und systemischen Neurowissenschaften. Zwölf Professoren aus unterschiedlichen wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen, wie Medizin, Psychologie, Biologie, Elektrotechnik und Physik bekommen jeweils eine Doktorandenstelle von der DFG finanziert. Hinzu kommen aktuell zehn assoziierte Doktoranden und fünf Medizinstudenten, die in Deutschland promovieren sowie weitere zehn Doktoranden, die an der University of Pennsylvania eingeschrieben sind. Mehrere Postdocs auf beiden Seiten vervollständigen die Gruppe.
New Approaches to Analyse Axon-Oligodendrocyte Communication
in vivo
Authors: Czopka Tim , Auer Franziska
Published: November 2017

A major challenge for understanding our nervous system is to elucidate how its constituting cells coordinate each other to form and maintain a functional organ. The interaction between neurons and oligodendrocytes represents a unique cellular entity. Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons by tightly ensheathing them. Myelination regulates speed of signal transduction, thus communication between neurons, and supports long-term axonal health. Despite their importance, we still have large gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying myelinated axon formation, remodelling and repair. Zebrafish represent an increasingly popular model organism, particularly due to their suitability for live cell imaging and genetic manipulation. Here, we provide an overview about this research area, describe how zebrafish have helped understanding mechanisms of myelination, and discuss how zebrafish may help addressing open questions related to the control of axon-oligodendrocyte interactions.
Design and Implementation of Large Vessel Navigation System Based on Beidou Cors
Authors: Huang Pengfei , Liu Yang , Du Zhixiu , Chen Qilong , Chen Jinhai
Published: November 2017

The ship’s pilot can obtain the ship auxiliary information through the navigation system, when berthing system can display the parameters such as traverse speed and distance of the ship. But most of the system data show that there are insufficient precision. Taking the CORS system to obtain the location information, data Calculation of Berthing System based on Polar Coordinate Algorithm, this paper puts forward a solution to the “dead point” of the berthing and aiding system, which has a certain reference value for the design of the ship berthing assistance system.
A Conceptual Model of Excellent Performance Mode of Port Enterprise Logistics Management
Authors: Jiang He , Xiong Wei , Cao Yonghui
Published: November 2017

Port as one of the key hubs of international logistics, which has become the main part and the base of global logistics management. The port enterprises, plays an important role in the global supply chain. However, due to the lack of understanding in port supply chain management, coordination between the port enterprises, the integration of business process is not perfect, the lack of information sharing between various organizations, ports enterprises usually failed to fully play its positive role. Based on this, the paper makes the port enterprises as the research object, and introduces the excellent performance mode into the port enterprises. In order to study the port enterprises how to carry out effective quality management, and formation the coordination and integration of upstream and downstream of enterprises, so as to realize the competitive advantage in port logistics.
A Novel Multi-Objective Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization with Elitist Perturbation for Reconfiguration of Ship Power System
Authors: Zhang Lingjie , Sun Jianbo , Guo Chen
Published: November 2017

A novel multi-objective discrete particle swarm optimization with elitist perturbation strategy (EPSMODPSO) is proposed and applied to solve the reconfiguration problem of shipboard power system(SPS). The new algorithm uses the velocity to decide each particle to move one step toward positive or negative direction to update the position. An elitist perturbation strategy is proposed to improve the local search ability of the algorithm. Reconfiguration model of SPS is established with multiple objectives, and an inherent homogeneity index is adopted as the auxiliary estimating index. Test results of examples show that the proposed EPSMODPSO performs excellent in terms of diversity and convergence of the obtained Pareto optimal front. It is competent to solve network reconfiguration of shipboard power system and other multi-objective discrete optimization problems.
Investigations of Topographic Effect on Radial Current in South Yellow Sea
Authors: Chen Cheng , Wang Yigang , Huang Huiming
Published: November 2017

Large scaled projects are conducted in South Yellow Sea in recent years. Topographic effect and tidal current are key issues to the coastal engineering and the ocean engineering. In this study, field surveys were conducted to investigate the tidal level, current velocity, and current direction in South Yellow Sea. A numerical model was developed to simulate the radial current field based on the field data. To investigate the mechanism of the radial current field, the actual topography and a smoothed topography were applied in the numerical model, respectively. Results show that, the current field appeares radial because of the tidal system rather than the submarine topography. Local topography centralized the radiation centre and shifted the high-velocity zones. The actual topographic effect is proposed, and results show that local topography increases the flood tide velocity and decreases the ebb tide velocity. Lagrangian residual currents are calculated to illustrate possible sediment sources and transport routes.
Effect of Water Flows on Ship Traffic in Narrow Water Channels Based on Cellular Automata
Authors: Hu Hongtao , Chen Xiazhong , Sun Zhuo
Published: November 2017

In narrow water channels, ship traffic may be affected by water flows and ship interactions. Studying their effects can help maritime authorities to establish appropriate management strategies. In this study, a two-lane cellular automation model is proposed. Further, the behavior of ship traffic is analyzed by setting different water flow velocities and considering ship interactions. Numerical experiment results show that the ship traffic density-flux relation is significantly different from the results obtained by classical models. Furthermore, due to ship interactions, the ship lane-change rate is influenced by the water flow to a certain degree.
Water-Exit Process Modeling and Added-Mass Calculation of the Submarine-Launched Missile
Authors: Yang Jian , Feng Jinfu , Li Yongli , Liu An , Hu Junhua , Ma Zongcheng
Published: November 2017

In the process that the submarine-launched missile exits the water, there is the complex fluid solid coupling phenomenon. Therefore, it is difficult to establish the accurate water-exit dynamic model. In the paper, according to the characteristics of the water-exit motion, based on the traditional method of added mass, considering the added mass changing rate, the water-exit dynamic model is established. And with help of the CFX fluid simulation software, a new calculation method of the added mass that is suit for submarine-launched missile is proposed, which can effectively solve the problem of fluid solid coupling in modeling process. Then by the new calculation method, the change law of the added mass in water-exit process of the missile is obtained. In simulated analysis, for the water-exit process of the missile, by comparing the results of the numerical simulation and the calculation of theoretical model, the effectiveness of the new added mass calculation method and the accuracy of the water-exit dynamic model that considers the added mass changing rate are verified.
Dynamic Characteristics of Magnetic Coupling in Horizontal Axis Wave Energy Device
Authors: Zhang Jian , Liu Yanjun , Liu Jingwen , He Tongtong , Xie Yudong
Published: November 2017

To solve the dynamic response problems of magnetic coupling in the horizontal axis wave energy device, this has researched the dynamic characteristicsof magnetic coupling. The fitting formula about torque and angle of the magnetic coupling is obtained through experiments. The mathematical models of the magnetic coupling torque transmission are established. The steady state error of the magnetic coupling and the transfer function of the output angle are obtained. The analytical solution of the step response of the output angle in time domain is derived. The influence of the torsional rigidity, the damping coefficient and the driven rotor’s rotational inertia on dynamic characteristics of the magnetic coupling isanalyzed. According to the analysis results, the design rules of magnetic coupling are proposed.
Application of Computer Identification and Location Algorithm in Small far Infrared Target Recognition of Ship Under Surge Interference
Authors: Zhu Renping
Published: November 2017

The small far infrared target of ship in surge interference is easy to have visual deviation causing the low accuracy of target positioning and the bad target identification performance. In order to improve the accuracy of far small infrared targets recognition of ship under surge interference, this paper proposed far small infrared target recognition algorithm of ship based on distributed target position estimation and DOA location in computer vision model for constructing coherent distributed source array model of far small infrared target distribution of ship. This algorithm used MUSIC algorithm for the beamforming processing of far small infrared target echo model of ship. Combined with the adaptive filtering algorithm we carried out the surge interference suppression and the estimation of central direction of arrival and angle spread of far small infrared target of ship through multidimensional spectrum peak searching algorithm, realizing the joint estimation of distance of ship target, DOA and frequency parameters, so as to realize the accurate positioning and recognition of targets. Simulation results show that using this method for the far small infrared target recognition of ship under surge interference, the spectral peak sharpness of spectral peak search of target position is high, side-lobe suppression performance is good, which shows the high accuracy of target position estimation and location, the accuracy and anti-interference performance of far small infrared target recognition of ship is good, and has superior performance.
Numerical Simulation Study on Exposed Reinforced Anti-Corrosion Layer Damage of the Cross-Sea Bridge Under the Marine Environment
Authors: Qu Hao , Su Jufeng , Huang Pingming , Ren Xiang
Published: November 2017

To solve the problem of low precision of numerical simulation of the exposed reinforced anti-corrosion layer damage of the cross-sea bridge, we use the stress ratio between the double slash and the reinforced anti-corrosion layer to analyze the parameters and the damage rate in different qualities of reinforced anti-corrosion layers, use Ansys software to build reinforced finite element model, and analyze the damage degree when the inclination angle was 15 °, 45 ° and 60 °, respectively. The experimental results showed that the proposed method can improve the numerical simulation efficiency, the numerical simulation results, the experimental results, and the theoretical analysis results have good consistency and stability.
Research on Intelligent Avoidance Method of Shipwreck Based on Bigdata Analysis
Authors: Li Wei , Huang Qian
Published: November 2017

In order to solve the problem that current avoidance method of shipwreck has the problem of low success rate of avoidance, this paper proposes a method of intelligent avoidance of shipwreck based on big data analysis. Firstly,our method used big data analysis to calculate the safe distance of approach of ship under the head-on situation, the crossing situation and the overtaking situation.On this basis, by calculating the risk-degree of collision of ships,our research determined the degree of immediate danger of ships.Finally, we calculated the three kinds of evaluation function of ship navigation, and used genetic algorithm to realize the intelligent avoidance of shipwreck.Experimental result shows that compared the proposed method with the traditional method in two in a recent meeting when the distance to closest point of approach between two ships is 0.13nmile, they can effectively evade.The success rate of avoidance is high.
Research on Big Data Attribute Selection Method in Submarine Optical Fiber Network Fault Diagnosis Database
Authors: Chen Ganlang
Published: November 2017

At present, in the fault diagnosis database of submarine optical fiber network, the attribute selection of large data is completed by detecting the attributes of the data, the accuracy of large data attribute selection cannot be guaranteed. In this paper, a large data attribute selection method based on support vector machines (SVM) for fault diagnosis database of submarine optical fiber network is proposed. Mining large data in the database of optical fiber network fault diagnosis, and calculate its attribute weight, attribute classification is completed according to attribute weight, so as to complete attribute selection of large data. Experimental results prove that ,the proposed method can improve the accuracy of large data attribute selection in fault diagnosis database of submarine optical fiber network, and has high use value.
A Comparative Study on the Method of Extracting Edge and Contour Information of Multifunctional Digital Ship Image
Authors: Yin Fangping
Published: November 2017

The result of the extraction of the edge and contour information of the multifunctional digital ship image directly affects the evaluation and recognition of the subsequent image quality. At present, the common method used to extract the edge contour information is based on the Canny operator, and there is a problem that the edge is not clear.In order to obtain more accurate edge information, a method of extracting edge and contour information of multimedia digital image based on multi-scale morphology is proposed. Firstly, the digital ship image is made double filter and the fuzzy threshold segmentation, and then the edge and contour information is extracted by multi-scale morphology. Experiments show that the proposed method can obtain more accurate edge information compared with the other methods.