bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bewegungs-Freiheit. Frauenfußball in Frankreich vom Ersten bis zum Zweiten Weltkrieg
Authors: Freund Wolfgang
Published: July 2022

In der Zwischenkriegszeit war Frauenfußball in Frankreich äußerst beliebt. Am Beispiel des erfolgreichsten Frauenfußballvereins Frankreichs in jener Zeit, des Fémina Sport in Paris, befasst sich Wolfgang Freund in seinem Aufsatz mit den Fragen, warum Frankreich in den 1920er Jahren zur neuen Heimat des Frauenfußballs wurde und was Zuschauer*innen in die Stadion zog, inwieweit die Selbstbestimmung von Frauen über ihren sportlichen Körper zur gesellschaftlichen Emanzipation beigetragen hat und welche Hindernisse dem entgegenstanden, warum der französische Frauenfußball in den 1930er Jahren zurückging und schließlich unter dem Vichy-Regime verboten wurde.
Gedanken, Sätze, Sachverhalte - zum Zusammenhang von Denken, Sprechen, Weltbezug
Authors: Schwemmer Oswald
Published: July 2022

Schwemmer verweist schon einleitend darauf, wie wichtig es ist, bei Untersuchungen der Sprache, diese nicht auf ein Kennzeichnungssystem einzugrenzen, sondern ihre Genese und Differenzierung im Sprechen und Denken systematisch zu analysieren. Dies zeigt sich u.a. bei der Frage: Was sind Sätze? Sie kennzeichnen nicht nur eine grammatikalische Struktur, sondern immer auch bestimmte Schemata und Formen von Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten. Ähnliches gilt für die Frage: Was ist Denken? Bei deren Beantwortung zeigt sich auch das Verhältnis von Sprache und Sprechen als Ausdruck bestimmter situativer Entwicklungsdynamiken und Formungsprozesse. Die dabei relevanten kommunikativen Formen konstituieren Wirk- und Sinnverhältnisse, die sich in Stilen und kulturellen Praxen zeigen, worauf u.a. schon Cassirer in seiner Kulturwissenschaft als Stil-Wissenschaft hingewiesen hat.
Konzept-Formen menschlicher Welterfahrung
Authors: Kriz Jürgen
Published: July 2022

Bekanntlich sind die Bedeutungskategorien unserer phänomenalen Welt keine beobachterunabhängigen Kategorien einer »Welt da draußen« sind, sondern resultieren aus den Formungsprozessen unserer geistigen Tätigkeit. Als wesentlich hierfür wird auf die Komplementarität von einerseits (a) biologisch-organismischen und andererseits (b) kulturell-symbolischen Prozessen verwiesen. Beide Prozessaspekte menschlichen Lebens sind in der Dynamik der Alltagswelt miteinander verschränkt: Zu (a) belegen zahlreiche aktuelle Befunde - besonders aus der Säuglingsforschung - das hohe Ausmaß und die Differenziertheit evolutionär erworbener Konzeptformen. Zu (b) rücken die Formungsbedingungen menschlichen Geistes aufgrund kulturell-symbolischer Prozesse in den Fokus. Beide Diskursstränge werden in diesem Beitrag stärker miteinander in Beziehung gebracht.
Formen - von Bewegung
Authors: Franke Elk
Published: July 2022

Franke grenzt die allgemeine Erfahrungsfrage auf die Relation von Form und körperliche Bewegung ein. In Distanz zu traditionellen Deutungen der Form (Militär, Turnen etc.) mit daran gebundenen Inhaltsannahmen (z.B. Charaktereigenschaften, Sekundärtugenden), betont er die erkenntnistheoretische Dimension, die sich aus der Frage einer Bewegung als Form ergibt. Körperliche Bewegungen haben danach nicht nur einen Ereignischarakter, sondern durch differente Formungsbedingungen ermöglichen sie auch differenzierte Mensch-Welt-Erfahrungen. Anders als diskursive Symbole, die für etwas anderes stehen, sind körperliche Bewegungen zunächst Ausdruck ihrer selbst. In Bezug zur Zeitlichkeit, bzw. zur Prozesshaftigkeit im Raum entwickelt sich mit und durch Bewegungen oft auch ein »reflexives Potential«. Dabei ergeben sich inzwischen hinsichtlich einer adäquaten Erfassung ihrer prinzipiellen Prozesshaftigkeit (Bergson) neue Deutungsmöglichkeiten durch digitale Rekonstruktionen.
Die Korrelationsfrage in der Islamischen Religionslehre
Authors: Bartsch Darjusch
Published: July 2022

Islamischer Religionsunterricht hat inzwischen vielerorts Eingang in die deutschen Lehrpläne gefunden. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht Darjusch Bartsch das Phänomen korrelativer Theologie und Religionsdidaktik. Unter Einbeziehung von jüdischen und islamischen Quellen betrachtet er die ideengeschichtliche Genese des Korrelationsbegriffs in Theologie und Didaktik sowie dessen interreligiöse Verortung. Die interdisziplinär ausgerichtete Studie eröffnet damit nicht zuletzt Vorschläge zur Entwicklung weiterer korrelativer Methoden für die Theorie und Praxis des Islamischen Religionsunterrichts.
Big Screens, Small Forms
Authors: Gotto Lisa
Published: July 2022

We witness an era with more screens than ever before, and within each screen, a multitude of visual varieties. Lisa Gotto investigates this medial diversity as a field of tension between large and small forms of digital image culture. This includes, on the one hand, the immersive potential of large image arrangements, such as digital 3D cinema, and, on the other hand, the compactness of mobile image forms, such as those of the smartphone film or the media practices of Instagram. Weaving together a rich variety of examples and sources, this book presents a multifaceted collection of essays that explore the transformational potential of digital media culture, contextualize its media-technical conditions, and reflect on its social consequences.
Schwierigkeiten mit der kritischen Geographie
Authors: Korf Benedikt
Published: July 2022

Wissenschaftliche Kritik verschont sich zunehmend selbst. Sie produziert gerne vorschnelle Generalisierungen und wohlfeile Bewertungen. Reflexionsverweigerung fördert dabei Konformismus und Halbbildung. Diese Schonstellungen ersparen der Kritik die mühselige Arbeit der Selbstkritik - Zwischentöne, Ambivalenzen und Widersprüche werden ausgeblendet. Benedikt Korf analysiert differenziert die sich daraus entwickelnden Schwierigkeiten. Am Beispiel der kritischen Geographie verdeutlicht er die oftmals hegemoniale Stellung des Begriffs »kritisch« in den Sozial- und Geisteswissenschaften.
Datenwissenschaften und Gesellschaft
Authors: Saner Philippe
Published: July 2022

Die Datenwissenschaften beschäftigen sich mit der Analyse großer, komplexer Datenmengen und erregen damit im Kontext der Digitalisierung hohe mediale und politische Aufmerksamkeit. Philippe Saner untersucht die Entstehung dieses transversalen Wissensfeldes um Big Data mit einem feldtheoretischen Zugang. Er legt dar, dass es sich um ein feldübergreifendes Netzwerk von Expertisen handelt, das durch unterschiedliche Interessen, Strategien und Machtverhältnisse strukturiert ist. Die Datenwissenschaften eröffnen so einen durchlässigen Raum, der für Akteur*innen aus etablierten Feldern wie Wissenschaft, Wirtschaft, Hochschulbildung und Politik lukrative Möglichkeiten eröffnet.
Reiseführer - illusorische Medien der Bildung
Authors: Thissen Michaela
Published: July 2022

Touristisches Verhalten findet seinen Ausdruck in der Formulierung und Strukturierung von Reiseführern, auch Praxis und Dokumentation von Reisen beeinflussen sich wechselseitig. Michaela Thissen macht als durchgängiges Kennzeichen die Standardisierung des touristischen Blicks aus: Antagonismen werden eingeebnet, ein harmonisches Erlebnis versprochen - so kommt es zu verkehrten Welten, die Imaginationen und Wünsche bedienen. Mit einem Fokus auf Kultur- und Religionsdarstellungen diskutiert sie, ob das Fremde zum Genussmittel wird oder ob die immanente Werthaftigkeit von Situationen Priorität hat.
Die »Gesundung Russlands«
Authors: Strobel Angelika
Published: July 2022

Nach der Russischen Revolution von 1905 wurde das Konzept der Hygiene in eine staatliche Präventionspraxis übersetzt: Es entstanden mobile Hygieneausstellungen, Gesundheitsfürsorgen in den Dörfern, Gesundheitsstatistiken und die Amtsperson des Sanitätsarztes wurde eingeführt. Angelika Strobel analysiert die Auswirkungen dieser gesundheitspräventiven Maßnahmen auf die Verwaltungsapparate und die Bevölkerung. Am Beispiel der ländlichen Selbstverwaltung und der Eisenbahnbetriebe verdeutlicht sie die Praxis von Public Health in der Verwaltung des russischen Imperiums und leistet damit einen Beitrag zur Geschichte von Verwaltungspraxis und Staatlichkeit in der europäischen Moderne.
Eine Frage der Kooperation und Beständigkeit
Authors: Heinicke Julius , Kraft Johanna
Published: July 2022

Julius Heinicke und Johanna Kraft widmen sich in diesem Beitrag verschiedenen Institutionen welche auf Bundesebene Projekte und Vorhaben in den (Freien) Darstellenden Künsten fördern. Sie gehen den Fragen nach, welche kulturpolitischen Aufträge diese Institutionen erfüllen, welche thematischen Schwerpunkte sie vertreten und auf welche Art und Weise sie sich gegenseitig ergänzen. Es werden Institutionen, Vereine, Organisationen und Veranstalter*innen, die Projekte der Freien Darstellenden Künste auf Bundesebene unterstützen und fördern, betrachtet.
Regionale Perspektiven aus der Krise
Authors: Weigl Aron
Published: July 2022

Aron Weigl widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, welche Konsequenzen die COVID-19-Pandemie auf die Freien Darstellenden Künste hatte und wie die Fördermittelgeber*innen auf Bundes- und Landesebene darauf reagiert haben. Hierzu wurden Gutachten der Landesverbände und Haushalte der Bundesländer herangezogen sowie qualitative Interviews und eine Befragung der Akteur*innen umgesetzt. Auf Grundlage dieser Daten werden im Beitrag Veränderungsprozesse in Bezug sowohl auf die Arbeitsweisen der Akteur*innen als auch auf die Förderstrukturen entlang der Themen a) entwicklungs- und aufführungsorientiertes Arbeiten, b) Nachhaltigkeit, Netzwerke und Strukturen, c) finanzielle Absicherung sowie d) digitale und analoge Zugänge nachgezeichnet und kritisch betrachtet.
Alfred Döblin und seine Zeitschrift »Das Goldene Tor«
Authors: Schmidtner Nico
Published: July 2022

Alfred Döblins Spätwerk sowie seine Zeitschrift »Das Goldene Tor« haben eine zentrale Rolle bei der Konzeptionierung der Synthetischen Moderne. Nico Schmidtner nimmt vor diesem Hintergrund eine Neuordnung der Zeitschriftenlandschaft der deutschen Nachkriegszeit vor. Durch die Untersuchung der wechselvollen literarischen Konflikte Döblins liefert er einen tiefen Einblick in die literarisch-politischen Diskurse nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Seine Analysen der Dimensionen von Autorschafts-Inszenierung und Werkästhetik erlauben dabei einen innovativen Blick auf Döblin sowie eine Neubewertung des literarischen 20. Jahrhunderts.
Understanding the Contestation of Multi Political Parties in Indonesia Through Nietzsche’s Conflictive-Agonistic Power And Elias’s Figurative Power Conception
Authors: Roswantoro Alim
Published: July 2022

Observing the contestation of the political parties in the last two decades in Indonesia encourages us to know the political power they understood and the political power logic they practiced. To disclose the understanding, the paper explores the notion of Nietzsche and Elias on power. Nietzsche’s will to power becomes an immutable basis for an individual to get his power against the others. It confronts individual against other individual is a social-political contest. Individual must use his freedom to rise his strength potentials to win power. The contestation among individuals in the social-political sphere is performed in order to master and rule one another. Nietzsche’s power seems to be conflictive-agonistic. Meanwhile, Elias understands power not by confronting each individual’s strength to others’ ones. Power, for him, exists in the interdependence of individuals. Power is figurative or configurative. The contestation of multi political parties in Indonesia so far, seen from the conception of power by Nietzsche and Elias, showing the conflictive-agonistic power rather than the configurative one.[Mencermati sepak terjang partai-partai politik di Indonesia di Indonesia dalam dua dekade terakhir ini membuat kita bertanya-tanya bagaimana sebenarnya mereka yang terlibat di dalamnya memahami kekuasaan, atau bagaimana sebenarnya logika kekuasaan yang berjalan di dalamnya. Untuk memahaminya, tulisan ini mereview perbincangan filosofis mengenai kekuasaan, terutama dalam pemikiran Nietzsche dan Elias. Kehendak untuk berkuasa Nietzsche memperhadapkan individu dengan individu lain. Untuk berkuasa, individu harus menggunakan kebebasannya untuk mengeluarkan seluruh potensi kekuatannya hingga berada di atas dan mengatasi individu-individu lain. Setiap individu melakukan hal yang sama sebagai pejuang yang ingin memenangkan laga. Kontes antar individu di ruang sosial-politik dilakukan untuk saling mengatasi dan menguasai. Kekuasaan perspektif Nietzsche tampak berkarakter agonistik-konfliktual sementara Elias memahami kekuasaan bukan dengan memperhadapkan kekuatan antar individu. Kekuasaan perspektif Ellias ada dalam interdependensi antar individu. Kekuasaan bersifat figuratif atau konfiguratif. Perhelatan politik multi partai di Indonesia hingga sekarang, dalam perspektif dua corak kekuasaan tersebut, masih memperlihatkan suatu kekuasaan yang agonistik-konfliktual daripada konfiguratif.]
Religious Tolerance in the Quran and Sunnah and the Importance of Its Application in Indonesiaالتسامح الديني في ضوء القرآن والسنة وأهمية تطبيقه في اندونيسيا
Authors: Farida Umma
Published: July 2022

This article aims at explaining the concept of religious tolerance according to the Quran and Sunnah, considering that many Indonesian people do not understand these Islamic teachings. They live in different islands with the diversity of religions, races, and cultures that can be a valuable asset for the building of multicultural Indonesia, while also potentially causing the social conflicts that divide their unity. Islam, as the religion of mercy for the worlds, provided the foundations for the importance of recognizing the religious, ethnic and cultural diversity. The Qur'an and Sunnah called to the religious tolerance, compassion, and harmony between Muslims and others, and forbade them from insulting the polytheists because the method of Prophetic call is far from coercion and fanaticism. The Prophet PBUH was the most salient and glorified of the conduct of peace and tolerance. He is the leader of the first nonviolent peaceful movement in the history of the world and the champion of peace. If the religious tolerance is being built as Islam has decided, then noble universal values such as justice, humanity, peace, and human well-being can be enforced, along with harmony and peace among the religions in Indonesia. تهدف هذه المقالة تبيين مفهوم التسامح الديني وشرحه وفقا للقرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية الشريفة، بالنظر إلى الواقع الذي يدل على أن الكثير من المسلمين لايفهمون هذه التعاليم الإسلامية بما فيهم الشعب الإندونيسي. إنهم يعيشون في الجزر المختلفة بتنوع الأديان والأعراق والثقافات. ويمكن أن يكون هذا التنوع رصيدا قيما لبناء اندونيسيا متعددة الثقافات، وفي نفس الوقت يحتمل أيضا أن يسبب الصراعات الاجتماعية التي تفرق وحدتهم.لقد وفر الإسلام كدين الرحمة للعالمين الأسس لأهمية الاعتراف بالتعددية الدينية والعرقية والثقافية وتنوعها، وهي ظاهرة ضرورية اقتضتها الفطرة الإنسانية واستلزمتها التنشئة الاجتماعية. وقد دعت الآيات القرآنية والأحاديث النبوية خير دعوة علمية وعملية إلى التسامح الديني والتراحم والتآلف بين المسلمين وغيرهم، وحرمتهم عن سَبّ المشركين وشتم عقائدهم، وذلك لأن أسلوب الدعوة المحمدية بعيدة كل البعد عن الإكراه والتعصب. فالنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان أبرز تجلٍّ ومصداق لسلوك منهجية السلام والتسامح، وهو صلى الله عليه وسلم قائد الحركة السلمية اللاعنفية الأولى في تاريخ العالم، وحامل راية السلم والسلام. واذا تم بناء التسامح الديني كما قرره الإسلام، فمن المتوقع أن القيم العالمية النبيلة، مثل الحق والعدالة والإنسانية والسلام ورفاهية البشرية يمكن إنفاذها، بجانب تحقيق الوئام والسلام بين المتدينين في إندونيسيا.
Observing HTI’s Da’wah Movement Following Perppu Number 2 of 2017 Concerning Community Organizations
Authors: Fatmawati Fatmawati , Minangsih Kalsum , Noorhayati Siti Mahmudah
Published: July 2022

This research was based on an academic concern regarding the dissolution of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) on July 19, 2017 through Perppu (Enactment of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law) Number 2 of 2017 concerning Community Organizations. This Perppu has changed the map of the HTI’s da'wah and political movements which were previously massive and dominant in various media and became silent at once. Previously known as the 411, the 212, and the 505 Muslim Movements which were led HTI people, then after the HTI dissolution, this organization seemed to be in suspended animation and vanished without a trace. Even HTI’s preaching movements on various online media under the organization’s guidance have been difficult to find. Based on this concern, the formulation of the problem in this study is as follows: first, what is the doctrine and anatomy of the HTI movement? Second, how was the HTI da’wah movement since the New Order until the issuance of Perrpu Number 2 of 2017? Third, what strategies are used by Hizbut Tahrir after the enactment of Perppu Number 2 of 2017? Fourth, what Counter Narrative reveals the HTI’s inconsistencies after the enactment of Perppu Number 2 of 2017 concerning Community Organizations? These questions will be answered qualitatively through descriptive explanation of the object being studied as behavior and an event with the main location in Indonesia with its information from actors and documents scattered in the electronic and print media, so that the data source is mostly literature and does not rule out the possible date from informants. In conclusion, the HTI movement as a da'wah and political organization will continue to exist despite being banned institutionally. Based on observation and discussion with several community leaders, HTI is continues recruiting new members, especially on public campuses which have become its hub, even though it is done with silent operations. In addition, national political contestation ahead of the 2019 presidential election is also very vulnerable to being ridden by HTI, either by continuing to spread propaganda or raise the issues of government failure in alleviating poverty, securing domestic assets, and the rule of law.
Frontiers of Ferroptosis in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Malik Durr-e-shahwar , Romero Mirna Azalea , Halim Saiyada Fatima Maida , Elsori Deena , Youssef Lara , Yulaevna Ishmuratova Margarita , Sabitaliyevich Uteuliyev Yerzhan , Attar Rukset
Published: July 2022

Recent phenomenal advancements in genomic and proteomic technologies and rapid breakthroughs in the interpretation of large gene expression datasets have enabled scientists to comprehensively characterize the gene signatures involved in ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death that has gained the worthwhile attention of both basic and clinical researchers. Ferroptosis has dichotomous, context-dependent functions both as a tumor suppressor and promoter of carcinogenesis. Essentially, pharmacological modulation of ferroptosis by its induction as well as its inhibition holds enormous potential to overcome drug resistance and to improve the therapeutic potential of chemotherapeutic drugs in a wide variety of cancers.
Hydroponic and in vitro screening of wheat varieties for salt-tolerance
Authors: Haque Muhammad Shahidul , Hasanuzzaman Md. , Rahman Md. Tohidur , Islam Nazmul , Begum Shamsun  Nahar , Yasmin Sabina
Published: July 2022

Salt-tolerant wheat cultivars are essential for sustainable wheat production and global food security. The present study aimed to establish a reliable screening protocol as well as successfully isolated the potential salt-tolerant wheat varieties by discerning morpho-physiological parameters with multivariate analysis. Seventeen wheat varieties were evaluated at 0, 12, 15 and 18 dSm-1 salinity levels in a hydroponic culture system at the seedling stage. Moreover, in vitro callusing responses of four selected varieties were determined to clarify the salt tolerance capability at 0, 9, 12 and 15 dSm-1 salt treatments. The seedling growth of most wheat varieties was highly interrupted and reduced by the toxic effects of salinity, however, some varieties such as BARI Gom-32, BARI Gom-33, BARI Gom-31, BARI Gom-30, and BARI Gom-28 showed the lowest reduction under all salinity stress conditions. The total salt tolerance index (TSTI) showed that the cultivar BARI Gom-33 was the most salt-tolerant followed by BARI Gom-32 and BARI Gom-30 whereas BARI Gom-25 was identified as the most sensitive. These results were strongly supported by the principal component analysis (PCA) and Ward’s Methods Euclidean based clustering. In vitro results revealed that the lowest reduction of callus induction was recorded in BARI Gom-33 which might show the greatest tolerance to salinity by improving morpho-physiological characteristics against salt stress. Therefore, the identified genotypes might be employed as donor parents to develop salt-tolerant and high-yielding cultivars in the wheat breeding programme.
The effect of immunomodulator azoximer bromide on the cytokine profile in a complex therapy for children with newly diagnosed tuberculosis
Authors: Mironchuk Yu. V. , Raznatovska O. M.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To analyze the effect of immunomodulator azoximer bromide on the serum cytokine profile (IL-2, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10) in the complex therapy for children with newly diagnosed tuberculosis (TB).
Materials and methods. The study included 51 newly diagnosed TB children, who were divided into 2 groups: 26 children received immunomodulator azoximer bromide (main group) in combined therapy with concurrent antimycobacterial therapy (AMBT) and 25 children were assigned to only AMBT (control group). The main group children received azoximer bromide (immunomodulator) adjunctive therapy for immunological changes correction concurrently with the standard AMBT: children under the age of 10 years – orally 6 mg twice a day, children aged over 10 years – 12 mg twice a day; the treatment course – 14 days. The serum cytokine profile (IL-2, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10) was examined on the basis of the Immunological Department in the Training Medical and Laboratory Center of ZSMU by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a device ELISA – reader Sirio S with respective kits (Bender MedSystems GmbH, Austria, pcg/ml) before AMBT initiation and at the end of AMBT maintenance phase (MF). The study results were processed on a personal computer using the statistical package of the licensed program Statistica, version 13 (Copyright 1984–2018 TIBCO Software Inc. All rights reserved, License No. JPZ8041382130ARCN10-J).
Results. At the AMBT initiation, newly diagnosed TB children of both groups showed a clear imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines towards pro-inflammatory ones with a predominance and high activity of Th1 type cellular immune response. The ratios of IL-2/IL-10 and IL-6/IL-10 pointed to the normalized balance in the regulatory system of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the main group children upon the MF of AMBT completion. The ratio of IL-2/IL-10 dropped 7.3-fold at the treatment completion relative to that at the initiation of treatment, however, compared to the control group at the end of treatment, it was 7.2 times less. The controls did not show significant on-treatment dynamics of the IL-2/IL-10 and IL-6/IL-10 ratios, the IL-2/IL-10 ratio was 12.8 times higher than in the healthy children group at the treatment completion.
Conclusions. The use of immunomodulator azoximer bromide in combination therapy for newly diagnosed TB children helps to normalize all cytokine profiles and the balance in the regulatory system of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines after the AMBT completion. Therefore, the effect of immunomodulator azoximer bromide on the cytokine profile in the treatment for newly diagnosed TB children is substantial, which would increase the AMBT effectiveness among this patient group as a whole.
Fecal concentrations of lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids in young children hospitalized in an infectious-diagnostic hospital with diarrhea
Authors: Ivanko O. H. , Bilykh V. M.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate the fecal levels of lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in children with acute diarrhea and to identify their role in the development of infectious or non-infectious diseases.
Materials and methods. The study included 42 children aged 6–24 months with an episode of acute bacterial, rotavirus, symptomatic or functional diarrhea hospitalized in the infectious biosafety unit of the Children’s Hospital. The control group comprised 18 children without symptoms of intestinal disease, matched to the main group for age, sex and stool consistency scored according to the Bristol Stool Scale of 4–6. All the children underwent comprehensive clinical, laboratory, virological examinations and stool cultures. Additionally, fecal calprotectin, reducing substances, lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids were studied.
Results. It was found that the lactic acid levels were low in healthy children and often approached the trace concentrations. In children with diarrhea, lactic acid was detected in all fecal samples, and the highest its level was in children with functional (non-infectious) diarrhea. Opposite results were obtained in the study of SCFA. A deficit of SCFA was revealed in patients with diarrhea, but least of all in functional one, in comparison with the control group. The role of microbiome damage and intestinal wall hypoxia was suggested based on the results obtained.
Conclusions. The use of lactic acid and SCFA as coprological tests can be helpful in the differential diagnosis of infectious or non-infectious causes of diarrhea in children aged 6–24 months.
The clinical and pathogenetic role of lncRNA MEG3 and miRNA-421 in obese children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zavhorodnia N. Yu.
Published: July 2022

The danger of a “silent epidemic” of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children is the growing number of patients with irreversible liver disease, comorbid conditions, high rate of disease progression compared to adults, so finding biomarkers of early stages of NAFLD is crucial for effective treatment.
Aim. To examine the differences in the circulating lncRNA MEG3 and miR-421 levels in children with NAFLD and obesity compared to normal weight and obese children without NAFLD and to study the relationship of transcriptome markers with clinical, laboratory and instrumental parameters.
Materials and methods. 66 patients aged 8 to 17 years were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 12.40 ± 2.46 years. The presence of hepatic steatosis was determined by measuring the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) with FibroScan®502 touch (Echosens, France). Based on the presence of hepatic steatosis (according to CAP) and obesity (according to body mass index), patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 consisted of 29 obese patients with NAFLD, group 2 – 30 obese patients without hepatic steatosis, group 3 – 7 patients with normal weight without hepatic steatosis. Parameters of transaminase activity, carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism were quantified, cytokeratin-18, cytokine profile were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Levels of circulating miR-421, lncRNA MEG3 were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results. Comparative analysis of serum lncRNA MEG3 and miR-421 levels showed a significant increase in lncRNA MEG3 and miR-421 levels in obese children compared with those in the control group (P ˂ 0.05), as well as in patients with NAFLD compared with children in group 2 (P ˂ 0.05). Serum lncRNA MEG3 and miR-421 levels were moderately positively correlated with adipose tissue distribution parameters, the degree of obesity, the liver parenchyma elasticity, the degree of pancreatic steatosis. miR-421 was positively correlated with TNFα levels, the ratio of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, negatively – with HDL levels. The serum levels of lncRNA MEG3 and miR-421 showed a tendency for a positive correlation with HOMA-IR.
Conclusions. In obese children with NAFLD, a significant increase in serum lncRNA MEG3 and miR-421 levels is observed, which is associated with excessive adipose tissue and its distribution parameters, the degree of liver and pancreatic steatosis, insulin resistance, inflammation, dyslipidemia, that may be useful for early diagnosis of NAFLD in pediatric clinical practice.
Post-traumatic stress disorder in health care professionals: symptoms, causes, prevention and treatment (a literature review)
Authors: Timchenko Ye. Ye. , Liubinets O. V. , Oliinyk P. V. , Chaplyk V. V. , Oliinyk S. P.
Published: July 2022

The aim of this work is to analyze the available scientific information and summarize the main results of modern research on the symptoms and causes, clinical consequences and methods of prevention and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in medical staff.
Materials and methods. An analysis of published full-text articles from PubMed, Web of Science, APA PsychNet, Google Scholar, Scopus databases was performed to systematize data on symptoms and causes, clinical consequences and methods of prevention and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in health care professionals. In addition, earlier publications of historical interest value were included in the analysis.
Results. The analysis of the main symptoms and factors of post-traumatic stress disorder of medical workers was carried out. The analysis found that 15–43 % of physicians suffered from depression, anxiety, and other symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Its occurrence in health professionals was associated with a number of risk factors, which can be divided into labor, social and psychological. The labor factors were of the greatest importance in the syndrome occurrence.
Despite the fact that there were a number of psychological and pharmacological care programs aimed at the prevention and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, none of them currently has evidence of its effectiveness. There are no clinical prediction methods that would identify health care workers at a high risk of post-traumatic stress disorder development. The risk of traumatic exposure was particularly pronounced among resident physicians, who usually lack training and practice compared with more experienced physicians.
Conclusions. A funding is needed for methodologically based researches and effective measures, developed on this ground, to eliminate post-traumatic stress disorder in health care professionals. If the prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder could not be addressed at the state level, it would jeopardize the stability of the entire health care system functioning.
Quantitative ultrasound assessment of bone tissue in premature newborn twins
Authors: Tsymbal A. Yu. , Kotlova Yu. V.
Published: July 2022

Multiple pregnancy is associated with a high risk premature newborn twins (PNT) birth and the formation of low bone mass. Determining the state of bone tissue (BT) after birth is important for understanding the dynamics of its changes in the PNTs’ growth.
Aim: to conduct and analyze the results of quantitative ultrasound assessment of BT in PNT.
Materials and methods. In the early neonatal age, 24 pairs of twins and 39 children from singleton pregnancies (SP) born at gestational age (GA) of 30–36 weeks were examined. Pair of twins with a difference in body weight of 5% or more were involved. BT status was determined with an ultrasonic densitometer “Sunlight Omnisense 9000”, measuring SOS, m/s.
Results. In GA up to 34 weeks SOS of BT in both twins did not differ from each other or from newborns from SP of the corresponding GA. In PNT, from 34 weeks of gestation and more, SOS increased (P < 0.05) in siblings with lower body weight compared to bigger one – 2925 (2887; 3036) m/s and 2866 (2801; 2895) m/s, respectively. According to correlations, the body weight of PNT was not determined as a significant factor influencing the state of BT. SOS in PNT had a weak positive correlation (R = 0.29, P < 0.05) with their GA in contrast to the strong direct correlation (R = 0.78, P < 0.05) in newborns from SP.
Among the factors influencing the state of BT according to SOS in PNT, the inverse correlations with the factor of increasing the number of pregnancies (R = -0.59, P < 0.05) and with birth from monochorionic multiple pregnancies (R = -0.57, P < 0.05) were determined.
Conclusions. SOS in children born in GA of 34 weeks and older was 2925 (2887; 3036) m/s in PNT with lower body weight in pairs. This value was higher (P < 0.05) than in bigger siblings and PNT born in GA less than 34 weeks. SOS in PNT had a weak correlation (P < 0.05) with their GA in contrast to children born in the same GA from SP and had no correlation with the body weight of twins. The average correlation (P < 0.05) between low SOS in PNT and the number of previous pregnancies, as well as with birth from monochorionic multiple pregnancies.
Analysis of the Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) through the lens of four distinct profiles: radical, niche, anti-establishment, and party reputation, 2013–2017
Authors: Lipa Bardh
Published: July 2022

After the 2017 election, the radical right Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) became the Bundestag’s third-largest party. While the rise of the AfD drew scholarly interest, most publications analyzing its evolution were published during a period when the party was undergoing transition, the euro-crisis had decreased in prominence, and the party was going through an inner conflict between liberals and radicals. This article seeks to provide a systematic examination of how these developments have impacted the party from 2013 to 2017 and endeavors to answer the question of whether the AfD has become more mainstream by utilizing the framework devised by Akkerman et al. (2016) to assess party transformation along four key dimensions: 1) shifts in radical positions on key issues; 2) shifts from a niche to a socioeconomic-focused party; 3) shifts in the anti-establishment profile; and 4) shifts in party reputation. Through an analysis of internally and externally oriented material such as electoral manifestos, party documentation, published interviews with AfD leaders, and press releases, the article shows that the AfD has not shifted toward the mainstream. Instead, the party became more radical on the first three dimensions while demonstrating signs of mainstreaming on the fourth dimension in order to avoid legal action.
Elastic–plastic analysis of the plane strain under combined thermal and pressure loads with a new technique in the finite element method
Authors: Wannas Akeel Ali , Hadi Auday Shaker , Hamza Noor H.
Published: July 2022

This research aims to find a new way to address thermal loads within the framework of the elastic–plastic relationship, especially when the loads, such as thermal and pressure ones, are combined. While the residual force method was employed to attempt to find the convergence of a nonlinear solution, it was unable to do so. For this purpose, a mathematical relationship was derived to address thermal loads and add them to the hierarchy of the specified elements method as a subroutine. The findings of the developed program were verified by comparing the numerical results with those of the analytical solution of a thick-walled cylinder loaded with heat load and internal pressure; the results proved the correctness and accuracy of the method used. The method offers a way to redevelop old programs that are unable to effectively address the thermal load in elastic–plastic relations without changing said programs significantly but only by adding the subroutine and some very simple modifications. The solution technique provided in this article can be utilized in many related cases, such as plane stress, axisymmetric solid, and three-dimensional stress analyses.
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Oscillation of Nonlinear Neutral Difference Systems of dim-2
Authors: Tripathy Arun K. , Das Sunita
Published: July 2022

This work is concerned about the necessary and sufficient conditions for oscillation of solutions of 2-dimensional nonlinear neutral delay difference systems of the form:

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where m > 0, α ≥ 0, β ≥ 0 are integers, a(n), b(n), c(n), d(n), p(n) are real sequences and f, g ∈ 𝒞(ℝ, ℝ).
Design and implementation of Internet-of-Things software monitoring and early warning system based on nonlinear technology
Authors: Ma Haifeng , Pljonkin Anton , Singh Pradeep Kumar
Published: July 2022

In order to realize and design a software monitoring and early warning system for the Internet of Things (IoT), this paper establishes a “trinity” control platform integrating PLC, WINCC, and MATLAB based on nonlinear technology and realizes the proportion integration differentiation (PID) control based on the RBF neural network tuning on this platform. Based on the framework of the trinity control platform, the PID control system set by the radial basis function (RBF) neural network and the STEP7 virtual object programming of the control platform are designed and realized. The experimental data update cycle is 0.5 s to record 1,000 data item objects, U is the control quantity, which is associated with the U communication driver variable in WINCC, and the corresponding storage address in the PLC is MD200; Yout is the controlled quantity, which is related to the Yout communication driver variable in WINCC, and the corresponding storage address in the PLC is MD100; start is the control switch, associated with the start communication driver variable in WINCC, corresponding to the storage address in the PLC of M0.1; reset is the reset control switch, It is associated with the reset communication driver variable in WINCC, and corresponds to the storage address in the PLC as M0.0. KP, KI, KD, and TIME correspond to three real-time PID parameters and are the cycle time in MATLAB (used for the X-axis of trend graphing), and are the variables of the communication driver. The addresses in the PLC are MD20, MD24, MD28, and MD32. It shows that for these three software programs, the update cycle of the data in the respective storage areas must be consistent, the program control cycles in MATLAB and PLC need to be consistent, and the transmission of parameters must be correctly implemented in a control cycle according to the programming logic sequence, in order to realize the design of an IoT software monitoring and early warning system.
Innovationen während der Corona-Krise durch externe Interventionen in Tourismusbetrieben
Authors: Eitzenberger Florian J. , Buentge Stina , Kromer Luzie , Mayer Victoria , Lindemann Sabrina , Thimm Tatjana
Published: July 2022

Dieser Beitrag untersucht, ob externe Interventionen, in Form von Forschung und/oder Wissenschaftskommunikation, als Mediator für Innovationen in Krisenzeiten in der Tourismusbranche fungieren können. Dabei wird anhand dreier Case Studies diskutiert, inwiefern die Corona-Krise ein Window-of-opportunity für innovative Geschäftsmodelle im Tourismus darstellen konnte. Die Projektergebnisse geben Hinweise darauf, dass Krisen im Allgemeinen und Wissenschaftskommunikation im Speziellen als Push-Faktoren Innovationen befördern können. Zwar kam es bei den Projektpartnern zu einer Entwicklung von Innovationen im Projektzeitraum, jedoch wurde die Implementierung vermehrt in eine unbestimmte Zukunft verschoben. Durch die damit verbundene Rückkehr zum Status-Quo blieben die angestoßenen Innovationen zu einem Großteil auf einer konzeptionellen Ebene. Dies deutet auf eine Attitude-behavior-gap in Bezug auf die Schaffung und Umsetzung von Innovationen in Krisenzeiten.
Intermediate ytterbium valence in YbRhSn2
Authors: Schumacher Lars , Engelbert Simon , Reimann Maximilian Kai , Kösters Jutta , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: July 2022

The stannide YbRhSn2 has been synthesized. An arc-melted Rh25Sn48 precursor sample was reacted with ytterbium in a sealed tantalum ampoule in an induction furnace. The structure of YbRhSn2 was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: MgCuAl2 type, Cmcm, a = 433.10(3), b = 1076.63(8), c = 739.36(5) pm, wR2 = 0.0676, 444 F
2 values and 16 variables. The rhodium and tin atoms form a three-dimensional [RhSn2]
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polyanionic network with short Rh–Sn (271–273 pm) and Sn–Sn (301–324 pm) distances. The tin substructure is an orthorhombically distorted lonsdaleite network. YbRhSn2 shows paramagnetic behavior with a reduced magnetic moment of 2.2(1) µB per ytterbium atom, classifying it as an intermediate-valent compound.
Safety Production Detection Algorithm of Smart Factory Based on PC Control Technology
Authors: Gan Yuanyan , Chen Qiang
Published: July 2022

In order to obtain the best scheme of safety production and operation decision-making of a smart factory and improve the rapid response ability of product information of a smart factory, the safety production detection algorithm of a smart factory is designed by using programmable computer (PC) control technology. The main interface, login interface, function interface, and navigation interface are designed, respectively, to realize the front-end design of the smart factory safety production detection platform. Based on PC control technology, the hardware equipment of perception layer, network layer, and application layer are installed, and on this basis, the database of the smart factory safety production detection platform is established. Once the operation data information is collected and detected, it is stored to the equipment fault experience knowledge base, and the fault diagnosis method of the minimum cut set of the fault tree is used to implement the on-site equipment diagnosis of the underlying Internet of Things of the smart factory, and finally the information sharing function of safety production detection through the information transmission of the safety production links of each smart factory is realized. Experiments show that the throughput data of the designed algorithm run stably, improve the control accuracy of safety production, and effectively improve the work efficiency.
Enhanced Stability of Complex Sound Representations Relative to Simple Sounds in the Auditory Cortex
Authors: Suri Harini , Rothschild Gideon
Published: July 2022

Typical everyday sounds, such as those of speech or running water, are spectrotemporally complex. The ability to recognize complex sounds (CxSs) and their associated meaning is presumed to rely on their stable neural representations across time. The auditory cortex is critical for the processing of CxSs, yet little is known of the degree of stability of auditory cortical representations of CxSs across days. Previous studies have shown that the auditory cortex represents CxS identity with a substantial degree of invariance to basic sound attributes such as frequency. We therefore hypothesized that auditory cortical representations of CxSs are more stable across days than those of sounds that lack spectrotemporal structure such as pure tones (PTs). To test this hypothesis, we recorded responses of identified layer 2/3 auditory cortical excitatory neurons to both PTs and CxSs across days using two-photon calcium imaging in awake mice. Auditory cortical neurons showed significant daily changes of responses to both types of sounds, yet responses to CxSs exhibited significantly lower rates of daily change than those of PTs. Furthermore, daily changes in response profiles to PTs tended to be more stimulus-specific, reflecting changes in sound selectivity, compared with changes of CxS responses. Last, the enhanced stability of responses to CxSs was evident across longer time intervals as well. Together, these results suggest that spectrotemporally CxSs are more stably represented in the auditory cortex across time than PTs. These findings support a role of the auditory cortex in representing CxS identity across time.
Variation in TAF1 Expression in Female Carrier-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Human Brain Ontogeny Has Implications for Adult Neostriatum Vulnerability in X-Linked Dystonia Parkinsonism
Authors: D’Ignazio Laura , Jacomini Ricardo S. , Qamar Bareera , Benjamin Kynon J. M. , Arora Ria , Sawada Tomoyo , Evans Taylor A. , Diffenderfer Kenneth E. , Pankonin Aimee R. , Hendriks William T. , Hyde Thomas M. , Kleinman Joel E. , Weinberger Daniel R. , Bragg D. Cristopher , Paquola Apua C. M. , Erwin Jennifer A.
Published: July 2022

X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) is an inherited, X-linked, adult-onset movement disorder characterized by degeneration in the neostriatum. No therapeutics alter disease progression. The mechanisms underlying regional differences in degeneration and adult onset are unknown. Developing therapeutics requires a deeper understanding of how XDP-relevant features vary in health and disease. XDP is possibly due, in part, to a partial loss ofTAF1function. A disease-specific SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposon insertion occurs within intron 32 ofTAF1, a subunit of TFIID involved in transcription initiation. While all XDP males are usually clinically affected, females are heterozygous carriers generally not manifesting the full syndrome. As a resource for disease modeling, we characterized eight iPSC lines from three XDP female carrier individuals for X chromosome inactivation (XCI) status and identified clonal lines that express either the wild-type X or XDP haplotype. Furthermore, we characterized XDP-relevant transcript expression in neurotypical humans, and found that SVA-F expression decreases after 30 years of age in the brain and thatTAF1is decreased in most female samples. Uniquely in the caudate nucleus,TAF1expression is not sexually dimorphic and decreased after adolescence. These findings indicate that regional-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific mechanisms regulateTAF1, highlighting the importance of disease-relevant models and postmortem tissue. We propose that the decreasedTAF1expression in the adult caudate may synergize with the XDP-specific partial loss ofTAF1function in patients, thereby passing a minimum threshold ofTAF1function, and triggering degeneration in the neostriatum.
Theta-Phase Connectivity between Medial Prefrontal and Posterior Areas Underlies Novel Instructions Implementation
Authors: Formica Silvia , González-García Carlos , Senoussi Mehdi , Marinazzo Daniele , Brass Marcel
Published: July 2022

Implementing novel instructions is a complex and uniquely human cognitive ability, which requires the rapid and flexible conversion of symbolic content into a format that enables the execution of the instructed behavior. Preparing to implement novel instructions, as opposed to their mere maintenance, involves the activation of the instructed motor plans, and the binding of the action information to the specific context in which this should be executed. Recent evidence and prominent computational models suggest that this efficient configuration of the system might involve a central role of frontal theta oscillations in establishing top-down long-range synchronization between distant and task-relevant brain areas. In the present EEG study (human subjects, 30 females, 4 males), we demonstrate that proactively preparing for the implementation of novels instructions, as opposed to their maintenance, involves a strengthened degree of connectivity in the theta frequency range between medial prefrontal and motor/visual areas. Moreover, we replicated previous results showing oscillatory features associated specifically with implementation demands, and extended on them demonstrating the role of theta oscillations in mediating the effect of task demands on behavioral performance. Taken together, these findings support our hypothesis that the modulation of connectivity patterns between frontal and task-relevant posterior brain areas is a core factor in the emergence of a behavior-guiding format from novel instructions.