bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index predict gestational diabetes mellitus? A retrospective cohort study.
Authors: İBANOĞLU Müjde Can , YILMAZ ERGANİ Seval , ŞAHİN Büşra , ONCU Hande Nur , İSKENDER Cantekin , USTUN Yaprak
Published: October 2023

Objective: Our aim was to determine the significance of aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index (APRI), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at first trimester screening in a retrospective study of pregnant women.

Method: In this study, a retrospective analysis of pregnant women (n=216) screened at the antenatal clinic and diagnosed with gestational diabetes between 24-28 weeks of gestation was performed. APRI score, NLR and PLR were calculated in the blood of these pregnant women in the first trimester and compared with the results of patients in the control group (n=250).

Results: The ROC -analysis for APRI yielded an AUC value of 0.489 (p=0.684). Maternal age was found to be an independent risk factor for GDM. The risk increased 1.162-fold with increasing maternal age (p < 0.001). The optimal cutoff value for NLR was 3.55, sensitivity was 65%, specificity was 49%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.544.

Conclusion: In the results we compared with those of the control group, we found no significant change in APRI value and PLR. However, we found that NLR has a predictive value for GDM.
Anxiety and Association with COVID-19 Vaccination-Related Headache Symptoms
Authors: TUNCER Zeynep , KILINÇEL Oğuzhan , KILINÇEL Şenay , GÖKSEL Pelin , USTA Miraç Barış
Published: October 2023

Objective: In order to prevent the pandemic, widespread vaccination work has gradually begun in Turkey. We aimed to determine the level of pain, headache and anxiety among the neuropsychiatric symptoms after the vaccination was given to the healthcare workers.

Methods: Healthcare workers who have recieved the COVID-19 vaccine were given a questionnaire via the internet after the second dose of the vaccination. A form consisting of 34 questionnaire questions about their demographic characteristics, whether they experienced pain or headache after vaccination and the Beck Anxiety scale was to be filled.

Results: In our study, the data of 484 participants was examined. 31.1% of the participants reported experiencing a headache after the vaccination. In the univariable model, mild anxiety symptoms were 2.6 times higher, moderate anxiety symptoms 4.5 times, and severe anxiety symptoms 7.2 times higher risk for headache. Similarly, it was observed that patients with previous headache were 2 times higher risk in the univariable model than those without.

Conclusion: We suggest that the assessment of anxiety level during vaccination after COVID-19 vaccination can be an important indicator in predicting the development of headache. Further studies on this will be important in optimizing vaccination programs and ensuring social immunity.
SEKONDER PROGRESİF MULTİPL SKLEROZDA KLİNİK, DEMOGRAFİK VE RADYOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLER: TEK MERKEZ DENEYİMİ
Authors: BÜNÜL Sena Destan , EFENDİ Hüsnü
Published: October 2023

ÖZ

Amaç: Multipl sklerozis (MS) inflamasyon, demiyelinizasyon ve akson hasarı ile karakterize ak madde ön planda olmak üzere, korteks ve derin gri maddeyi de etkileyebilen otoimmün bir santral sinir sistemi hastalığıdır. Relapsing remitting Multipl skleroz (RRMS) ve sekonder progresif Multipl skleroz (SPMS) dönemlerindeki hastaların demografik, klinik ve radyolojik özellikleri değerlendirilerek progresyonu ön gördürücü faktörlere katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Kocaeli Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Nöroloji Anabilim Dalı Multipl Skleroz polikliniğinde takip edilen MS hastalarından RRMS ve SPMS grubundaki hastaların verileri veri tabanından kaydedilmiştir. İki grup klinik, demografik ve radyolojik bulgular açısından karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya 121 SPMS ve 802 RRMS hastası dahil edildi. Her iki grup arasında yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim durumu gibi demografik özellikler ve MS tanısı aldıklarındaki yaşları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. Hastalık süresi SPMS’lerde RRMS’lere göre daha uzun bulundu. EDSS, SPMS’lerde RRMS’lere göre daha yüksek bulundu. Son 12 aydaki klinik atak öyküsü ve radyolojik bulgulardaki aktivite RRMS’lerde SPMS’e göre daha yüksek bulundu. Spinal bulgularla başlayan hastaların oranı ise SPMS grubunda daha yüksekti.

Sonuç: SPMS'yi klinik olarak tanımlamak için genel olarak kabul gören standartlaştırılmış bir değerlendirme yoktur. Klinik ve radyolojik bulgular eşliğinde yapılan çalışmalar arttıkça progresyon tanısı ve ön gördürücü faktörler ile ilgili bilgiler netlik kazanacaktır.
Políticas públicas en materia de Seguridad Ciudadana durante el Gobierno de Sebastián Piñera (2010-2011)
Authors: Frühling Hugo
Published: October 2023

Este trabajo examina las orientaciones generales de las propuestas de Sebastián Piñera en materia de delincuencia, comparándolas con las que guiaron a sus predecesores. Se analiza el avance de las propuestas realizadas durante su campaña y posteriormente durante el primer año de gobierno a fin de establecer el grado de cumplimiento de las promesas gubernamentales. Por último, se realiza un balance de la aplicación de las políticas en esta área.
Los capitales de los convencionales constituyentes y de los miembros de la Cámara de Diputados de Chile (2018-2022).
Authors: Jofré Rodríguez Hugo Patricio
Published: October 2023

El presente trabajo busca evaluar la configuración de las élites políticas en Chile después de las protestas sociales de octubre de 2019. Para esto, se realiza un análisis descriptivo comparado de los perfiles y trayectorias de los integrantes de la Cámara de Diputados de Chile (2018-2022) y de la Convención Constitucional electa en 2021. De este modo, se observan 310 casos bajo el marco teórico del estudio de élites y capitales de la sociología política, poniendo énfasis en las especies de capitales político, familiar y cultural. Buscamos comparar ambas instituciones para evidenciar aquellas lógicas que presentan similitudes y diferencias. Además, se reporta la presencia de outsiders que no son susceptibles de analizar a partir de los capitales preponderantes mencionados anteriormente, debido al surgimiento de nuevos actores que no responden a los patrones tradicionales de análisis.
Prototipo de trabajo práctico experimental en la demostración del principio de Pascal
Authors: Talavera Jaiel Isaí , Salmerón Herrera José Julián , Cruz Cruz José de la Cruz , Herrera Castrillo Cliffor Jerry
Published: October 2023

En este artículo se analizan conceptos y teoremas del cálculo integral y vectorial para la demostración del principio de Pascal, cuyo propósito es la elaboración de un prototipo experimental para aplicar el cálculo de presión de fluidos con integrales; dicho artefacto será de utilidad para futuros investigadores y estudiantes universitarios que deseen demostrar diferentes principios físicos a través de la experimentación. El enfoque de esta investigación es cualitativo y de tipo descriptivo, porque permite interpretar, recolectar y analizar conceptos y teoremas referentes al cálculo matemático donde se suministró una rúbrica de evaluación para el trabajo desarrollado por los 41 estudiantes participantes de la carrera de Física-Matemática de la UNAN-Managua, FAREM-Estelí. Este estudio utilizó el método inductivo, útil en el ámbito científico por su flexibilidad y porque permite la exploración de conocimientos teniendo en cuenta el paradigma interpretativo, prestándose para las predicciones, en este caso la experimentación. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó una Ficha de registro de datos para análisis documental. Los resultados confirman que es posible dar una demostración práctica del principio de pascal a partir de una fundamentación teórica y construcción de prototipos. Se concluye que este proceso de investigación fortalece la formación académica, el pensamiento lógico y crítico para relacionar la teoría con la práctica a partir de la construcción de dispositivos referente al principio de Pascal.
Glandular and Eglandular Trichomes of Endemic Ballota glandulosissima (Lamiaceae)
Authors: KANDEMİR Nezahat
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study is to determine the taxonomic importance of the glandular and eglandular trichomes on the vegetative and reproductive organs of Ballota glandulosissima. This species is endemic to Türkiye and the Eastern Mediterranean element. It is among the medicinal plants of Türkiye. On the vegetative and reproductive organs of the studied species, both glandular and eglandular trichomes were seen. These trichomes were examined using light and stereo microscopes. The glandular trichomes were divided into peltate and capitate. The eglandular trichomes were grouped as branched (stellate, bicellular, and multicellular) and unbranched (simple unbranched eglandular trichomes). The stalk cell number of capitate glandular trichomes shows changes. According to the number of stalk cells, capitate glandular trichomes were grouped into uni, bi, tri, and multi-cellular trichomes. In the taxon, dendroid trichomes were not observed on the vegetative and reproductive organs. The stellate trichomes were dense on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf, and calyx teeth, while capitate glandular trichomes were dense on the petiole, stem, leaf, and outside part of the calyx, and calyx teeth. Peltate glandular trichomes are dense on the calyx and corolla. Especially, the capitate glandular and stellate trichomes are found to have significant taxonomic characteristics in distinguishing this species.
Dinamika Sosial Dalam Proses Pengambilan Keputusan dalam Manajemen Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Efendi Nur , Ibnu Sholeh Muh
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini mempunya tujuan untuk mengetahui aspek penting dalam analisis dinamika sosial dalam pengambilan keputusan di lembaga pendidikan islam. Bagaimana proses pengambilan keputusan yang tepat, efektif, dan sesuai dengan nilai-nilai agama islam. Menegetahui  faktor sosial yang mempengaruhi keputusan, dan bagaimana dampak dinamika sosial terhadap kualitas keputusan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kepustakaan. Data diperoleh dari berbagai sumber seperti jurnal ilmiah, buku, makalah seminar, dan publikasi lain yang terkait baik offline maupun online. Analisis data ini terdiri dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan aspek penting analisis dinamika sosial pengambilan keputusan antaralain kepentingan beragam, interaksi kelompok, kultur dan norma, kepemimpinan, resistensi dan konflik, partisipasi dan inklusivitas, keterbukaan komunikasi, konsensus dan persetujuan,pengaruh eksternal dan pengembangan kapasitas. Proses pengambilan keputusan yang tepat, efektif, dan sesuai dengan nilai-nilai agama islam ini mencakup seperti identifikasi masalah, pengumpulan data dan informasi, analisis dan evaluasi, konsultasi dan musyawarah, penentuan tujuan dan kriteria keputusan, pemilihan opsi keputusan, implementasi, monitoring dan evaluasi, penyesuaian dan perbaikan, dan keterbukaan dan transparansi. Faktor sosial yang mempengaruhi keputusan diantaranya  kebutuhan dan permintaan masyarakat, nilai-nilai dan ajaran agama, budaya lokal, pengaruh keluarga dan orang tua, peran pemimpin dan pengelola, tuntutan global, situasi ekonomi, pengaruh media dan teknologi, kepentingan politik, dan kepedulian sosial. Dampak dinamika sosial terhadap kualitas keputusan antara lain kualitas keputusan yang beragam, legitimasi dan penerimaan, pengambilan keputusan yang lebih komprehensif, dampak positif pada implementasi, penyelesaian konflik, adaptasi terhadap perubahan, pengelolaan sumber daya yang efisien, dan penciptaan iklim belajar yang positif
Pengelolaan Zakat Sebagai Sarana Meningkatkan Taraf Pendidikan Umat
Authors: Ikhsan Khosip
Published: October 2023

: Zakat merupakan salah satu cara untuk pemerataan sosial. Salah satunya dengan sistem pendistribusian zakat yang bagus, yaitu bagaimana agar dengan dana zakat dapat pula membantu meningkatkan taraf pendidikan masyarakat yang tergolong kurang mampu. Maka, dengan pendidikan yang tinggi dapat mengangkat derajat dan strata sosial masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan tentang zakat serta tata kelolanya menurut para ahli fiqih; Untuk mengetahui pandangan BAZNAS Jawa Timur, el-Zawa UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, serta BMH Bojonegoro tentang zakat sebagai sarana peningkatan taraf pendidikan umat dalam lingkup delapan golongan yang berhak menerima zakat; serta Untuk mendiskripsikan perbandingan pengelolaan zakat sebagai sarana meningkatkan taraf pendidikan umat yang terdapat di BAZNAS Jawa Timur, el-Zawa UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, serta BMH Bojonegoro. Penelitian ini merupakan field research (penelitian lapangan) dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan observasi non partisipasi. Kemudian data yang sudah ada dianalisis dan di komparasikan dengan pendapat para ahli. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa zakat menurut ulama fiqih adalah zakat adalah mengeluarkan sebagian harta yang dimiliki kepada orang yang berhak menerimanya. Begitu halnya apa yang disampaikan oleh tiga badan dan lembaga amil zakat diatas. Dalam segi pengelolaan dana zakat el-Zawa dan BAZNAS Jatim sudah sangat professional dan sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum Islam, lain halnya dengan BMH Bojonegoro memiliki keterbatasan dalam hal pengumpulan dan system pendistribusian.
Histomorphological and histochemical Study of the jejunum in moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) in Iraq
Authors: Rafal Yousuf  , Azhar saleem Khalaf
Published: October 2023

The goal of the current investigation was to gather information on the histology and histochemical composition of the jejunum in moorhens (Gallinula chloropus). In order to conduct the current investigation, six moorhens were gathered. They were purchased from regional vendors in particular markets in Baghdad, Iraq. To collect the intestine, birds were put down after being dissected, and the specimens were then fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. The blocks were sectioned at 6 m thickness and stained with Mayer's hematoxylin and eosin, Masson trichrome stain, periodic acid Schiff reagent (PAS), and Alcian blue stain (AB)PH-2.5 ,after being thoroughly fixed. The specimens were then cleared in xylene and embedded in paraffin wax. According to the Gross findings, the small intestine is made up of the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. Histologically, the mucous membrane was thrown into large numerous villi in the jejunum, showing blunt apical part and wide basal part with thin layer of muscularis mucosa. The submucosa was thin layer of connective tissue. Below the submucosa was thick layer arranged in a thick circular and thin longitudinal. According to histochemical results, the PAS stain had a negative reaction on columnar cells while having a positive reaction on goblet cells. When the AB (pH 2.5) was applied, the wall displayed epithelial cells that stained negatively while the goblet cells responded favorably to their acidic mucopolysaccharides.
Determination of selected chemical properties of some oil press biproducts
Authors: ENAAM SARDAL ZAHR  , ALAA GAZI EDAN AL-HASHIMI
Published: October 2023

A selected chemical properties including moisture, ash, carbohydrates, fat, protein and fiber, were studied in sesame, flax, black seed, coconut, star anise and sunflower using cold pressing method. An increase in moisture, ash, carbohydrates, protein and fiber was found after removing the oil. The amount of oil decreased as a result of extraction, the mineral content of the by-products, was also determined (calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper, iron, sodium and potassium), using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The defatted flaxseeds had the highest percentage of calcium, magnesium and manganese, compared with the rest of the de-oiled oil crops study. The essential and non-essential amino acids of the de-oiled oil crops were also determined by HPLC.
Response of Citrus aurantium L. orange seedlings to the addition of NPK complex nanofertilizer and humic and their effect on vegetative traits and nutrients.
Authors: Hamid Hammood Mahawesh
Published: October 2023

The study was carried out at University of Thi-Qar on 02.02.2023; the experience finished on 15.06.2023 on Citrus seedlings at one year age, by three seedlings for each experimental unit. Thus the number of seedlings was 81 at anvils plastic, which was filed by soil and peatmoss at a ratio of 3:1. The experiment included fertilizer treatment Nano NPK which spray on plant leaves at concentrations (0, 0.5, 1) g. l, by three additions at 15 days period between each addition. Humic acid was added to the Spray the plant three times (0, 1, 2) g. The experiment was carried out by three replication according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The results were compared according to less difference test than 5 % possibility.

Spraying treatments with nano-fertilizer npk showed a positive effect on most of the vegetative and chemical indicators of orange seedlings. The spraying treatment at a concentration of 1 gm l-1 was significantly superior by recording the highest rate for the number of plant leaves, stem thickness, leaf content of carbohydrates, and leaf content of the nutrients calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. It reached 61.78 leaves. Seedling-1, 7.77 cm, 10.21%, 155.62%, 0.268%, 38.046%, respectively.

The average spray treatments with Humic showed a positive effect on most of the vegetative and chemical indicators of Citrus aurantium L. orange seedlings. The spray treatment at a concentration of 1 gm L-1 was superior in recording the highest rates for the number of plant leaves and stem thickness, as they reached 64.78 and 8.77, respectively. The spraying treatment at a concentration of 1 gm L-1 also excelled by recording the highest rate for the leaf content of carbohydrates and the leaf content of the nutrients calcium, magnesium and sulfur, reaching 10.01%, 156.53%, 0.257%, 36.06%.

    The interaction treatments between the two study factors gave a positive, significant effect on most of the vegetative and chemical traits studied. The interaction treatment between the concentration of 1 gm L-1 of nano-NPK and 1 gm L-1 Humic recorded the best results significantly for growth indicators.
On Finding Cauchy – Pompeiu's Formula in The Octal Unit Disk
Authors:   Faculty of Science, Mutah University, Jordan, Hakmeh Rashel Abu
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we find the formula of Cauchy – Pompeiu's integral in the octal of unit disk of the complex plain, by using the reflection method to determine the Integral's Cauchy – Pompeiu's operator. Also, we give many related examples about the novel formula.
Research on E-commerce platform experience based on virtual reality technology
Authors: Zhou Yingxia , An Xujie
Published: October 2023

With the continuous development of virtual reality technology, more and more industries are attempting to apply it to practical scenarios. E-commerce platforms, as an important component of modern commerce, have also begun to explore how to utilize virtual reality technology to enhance user experience. This article provides an overview of the current application status and trends of virtual reality technology in the field of e-commerce, analyzes the impact and mechanism of VR technology on e-commerce user experience, and explores the application modes and methods of VR technology in e-commerce platform experience. At the same time, this article also proposes corresponding countermeasures for the problems existing in VR technology in e-commerce platforms, in order to provide reference for the virtual reality of e-commerce platforms.
A Brief Analysis of the Legal Status of Electronic Agents in Commercial Transactions
Authors: Li Zanzan
Published: October 2023

With the continuous advancement of technology, online transactions have gradually become the predominant mode of commerce in society. Currently, a new type of transaction facilitator has emerged in online transactions, known as electronic agents. This specialized concept and its legal definition originated in Western countries, and China has also adopted this concept. Electronic agents cannot be construed as natural persons, nor can they be fashioned as legal entities. They are merely tools capable of executing the will of individuals, albeit with some distinctions from conventional transaction tools. Establishing the legal status of electronic agents can reduce conflicts and contradictions related to online transactions in our current lives, facilitate the development of automated electronic transactions, and promote the rapid progress of our society. Currently, legislation in China in this regard remains uncharted territory, yet our lives are already enveloped by these online transactions. This has resulted in the inability to reach a unanimous resolution for many disputes involving electronic agents in our daily lives, leaving judges to resolve issues based on fundamental legislative principles or relevant legal provisions. The party employing the machine is often an organization with superior cognitive abilities compared to individuals. Therefore, we should consider electronic agents as their employees, and the actions they take should be the responsibility of legal or non-legal entities. It is essential to prioritize the protection of the weaker party as much as possible.
Exploring the teaching reform path based on OBE concept - Taking the introduction of artificial intelligence into the course of "network marketing" as an example
Authors: Xiao Ling , An Xujie
Published: October 2023

This article explores the teaching reform path based on the OBE (Output Based Education) concept, and takes the introduction of artificial intelligence in the course of "Network Marketing" as an example to illustrate. The article first introduces the background and significance of the OBE concept, emphasizing that teaching reform needs to focus on achieving learning outcomes. Then, taking the course "Online Marketing" as an example, the current problems in teaching were analysed, such as outdated teaching content and insufficient practical abilities of students. Subsequently, the article introduced artificial intelligence technology and proposed the idea and specific methods of introducing artificial intelligence in the course of "Network Marketing". Finally, the article summarizes the teaching reform path based on the OBE concept and puts forward some suggestions, providing reference for future teaching reforms. Overall, this article explores the teaching reform path based on the OBE concept by taking the introduction of artificial intelligence in the course of "Network Marketing" as an example. This reform approach helps to improve students' learning effectiveness and practical abilities, while also improving teachers' teaching level and quality.
Implementation of Pancasila Students Profile through Establishment Values of Indonesian Folktale in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Dewi Rosa , Rahmawati Gamayanti Novi , Alfin Jauharoti , Nasiri Nasiri
Published: October 2023

Adolescence is a time when a person is in search of identity, trying to get to know who he really is. because they often get figures or role models from television shows and commercial films as well as youth social media which often imitate styles, languages, foreign cultures so that it can lead to a lack of love for the nation's wealth. By implementing the values ​​that exist in folklore, it aims to instill values ​​and attitudes, as well as changes in behavior that occur after the instillation of values ​​and national character education. Folklore contains: 1) presenting the best characters, and 2) ideal figures for youth role models, becoming a representation and picture of social reality, including local wisdom and the social reality of the Indonesian people. Folklore can process the psychology and emotions of the reader. Dramatized plots, interesting storylines, giving surprises and curiosity, characterizations with firm characteristics, language that is easy to digest. This research uses qualitative research to prove that in Indonesian folklore there is the concept of Pancasila students increasing students' reading motivation. , emphasizing student activity and learning outcomes.
Development of Leadership Indicators and Approaches for the District Directors of Non-formal and Informal Education in the Digital Era
Authors: Somchan Rujeewan , Chusorn Prayuth , Prasertphorn Vanich
Published: October 2023

The development of leadership indicators and approaches for district directors of non-formal and informal education in the digital era is crucial for adapting to technological advancements, enhancing leadership effectiveness, fostering creativity and innovation, promoting digital citizenship, and supporting ongoing professional development. These efforts ultimately contribute to the improvement of educational practices and outcomes in the digital age. The objectives of this research were as follows: To study the components and indicators of leadership among district directors of non-formal and informal education in the digital era. To examine the consistency of the developed leadership indicator structure model for district directors of non-formal and informal education in the digital era using empirical data. To develop a leadership development approach for district directors of non-formal and informal education in the digital era. To study the results of implementing the leadership development approach for district directors of non-formal and informal education in the digital era. The research was conducted in four phases, and statistical analysis included percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The results revealed the following: Leadership among district directors of non-formal and informal education in the digital era consisted of five components and fifteen indicators. The leadership development approach for district directors of non-formal and informal education in the digital era included the following components: creativity, participation, digital citizenship, digital vision, and digital professionalism. These components were prioritized based on the findings. The assessment of satisfaction with the leadership development approach for directors of district centers for non-formal and informal education in the digital era indicated a high level of overall satisfaction. These innovative approaches function as catalysts, not only propelling district directors to excel in their roles but also empowering them to champion innovation within the education domain. Most importantly, they play a pivotal role in driving substantial progress in the field of education as our world becomes increasingly digital.
Impact of Drinking Water on People’s Health and Water Borne Diseases
Authors: Yasmeen Qamar , Yasmeen Summaira
Published: October 2023

Poor water quality is a result of a variety of sources, including human, animal and industrial wastes, by consuming such unhygienic water, there is a risk of contracting waterborne diseases and infections. Objective: To explore impact of drinking water on health of people and related waterborne diseases due to poor quality of drinking water. Methods: From March 2022 to June 2022, a cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the drinking water quality and any concomitant health concerns. The areas with the highest illness ratios were selected using convenient sampling technique. Total 277 participants both male and female participated in this study. Multiple choice questions (MCQs) and rating questions on a Likert scale were the two formats used in questionnaire. Results: According to survey area demographic data, 84.1% of respondents were living in joint families, and 63.5% of respondents were male. However, the respondents' literacy rate was below average. Motor pumps made up the majority of the water supply (60.6%). The majority of participants (84.8%) firmly believed that the quality of the water they consume has an impact on their health. The majority of respondents (56.3%) stated that water-borne illnesses such cholera, typhus, and stomach ailments affected children in their community. Conclusions: It was determined that the majority of the population reported higher disease development and expressed dissatisfaction with the quality of their drinking water. Also, education and economic conditions of a person can play an important role in health management and more access to better quality of drinking water.
Exploring the Lifecycle, Pathophysiology, and Potential Therapeutic Applications of the Reovirus
Authors: Iftikhar Anwaar , Farooq Rida , Ali Muhammad , Gill Zaroon , Mustafa Usama , Khalid Haleema , Akhtar Mubeen , Maqsood Ruhma , Hussain Sana , Munir Maryam
Published: October 2023

The Reoviridae family of double-stranded RNA viruses includes Reovirus. Both humans and animals might become sick from it. Even though they are often benign, certain strains have been connected to significant illnesses. This review investigates the virus's structure, replication, pathogenesis, clinical significance, and potential therapies. Its unusual capsid form is made up of a segmented genome that encodes twelve proteins and two concentric protein shells. Replication involves uncoating, receptor binding, endocytosis, genome transcription, and cytoplasmic translation. Reovirus masterfully manipulates its host's cellular functions, inducing apoptosis and stress responses that help it spread and multiply. Recently, encephalitis, myocarditis, and maybe even certain cancers have been linked to reovirus, which often produces mild respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms. To fully understand the viral-host interactions producing these illnesses, further research is necessary. Particularly, the reovirus has promise for oncolytic virotherapy. Whether used alone or in conjunction with other medicines, a range of cancer types have showed positive outcomes in clinical studies. In essence, reovirus is a versatile pathogen that has intimate relationships with its hosts. To realize its therapeutic potential and shed light on its pathogenesis, one must have a complete grasp of its molecular and cellular connections. Unlocking the virus's potential is necessary to predict how it will impact both human and animal health.
Prevalence of Factor V Leiden Mutation in Healthy Females of Sindh, Pakistan and Comparison of Three Detection Methods in Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Khidri Feriha Fatima , Riaz Hina , Waryah Yar Muhammad , Nigar Roohi , Waryah Ali Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation is related to venous thromboembolism and pregnancy complications. It is highly prevalent among Caucasians; however, few studies have been conducted on the Asian population. Objective: To find the prevalence, genotype, and allelic frequency of FVL mutation in females of Sindh, Pakistan, and to develop a valid and economical method for the detection of FVL mutation in resource-limited settings. Methods: Hundred (n=100), unrelated healthy females of Sindh, Pakistan, were recruited. FVL was detected using three methods, i.e., tetra primer amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and PCR-sequencing. Prevalence, genotype, and allele frequencies were calculated. We compared the three mutation detection methods to find a suitable protocol for FVL detection in developing countries.
Results: The prevalence of FVL mutation was 3% in healthy females of Sindh, Pakistan. No homozygous FVL mutation was found. The results from tetra primer ARMS-PCR, PCR-RFLP, and PCR-sequencing were 100% concordant. Tetra primer ARMS-PCR was a valid, reliable, faster, economical genotyping and screening method. Conclusions: In conclusion, FVL mutation was found in our population, and further studies should be conducted to find its role in thromboembolic and obstetrical complications. In addition, we have suggested tetra primer ARMS-PCR as an appropriate method for FVL detection in resource-limited settings.
Awareness about Breast self-examination among Nursing Students
Authors: Saeeda Khawer , Ilyas Kishwar , Yasmin Rubina , Rani Nabeela , Din Irshad Lal
Published: October 2023

Breast cancer is an invasive tumor which mainly affect females and it has high mortality rate in developing countries due to lack of awareness and late diagnosis. The early diagnosis of breast cancer is not as much dangerous. The tools to detect breast cancer include mammography, breast self- examination (BSE) and fine needle aspiration cytology. The studies conducted shows the lack of perception about knowledge, attitude and practice about BSE. Objective: To determine the perception of BSE among nursing students. Methods: It was observational descriptive study conducted at College of Nursing DHQ Hospital Narowal. 174 nursing students between age 19 to 30 were enrolled in the study. A self-structured questionnaire was used which includes information about demographic data, knowledge, attitude and practice regarding BSE. Data were analyzed by using IBM- SPSS V-23. Results: The level of knowledge among nursing students about BSE was high and most of them know the accurate way of conducting BSE. The attitude of nursing students about BSE was positive. Most of them were agreed about the regular BSE. The practice about BSE shows mixed responses. Conclusions: In conclusion we can say that knowledge about BSE among nurses is good. However students seem to be unaware of the frequency and time of practicing BSE. This indicates the importance of conducting workshops to enhance perception about BSE.
Application of Chitosan-Based Polysaccharide Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering
Authors: Azam Azeem , Ziafat Shumaila , Fahid Ata ul Mustafa , Anjum Farhan , Faseeh Hamza , Bano Rabia , ur Rehman Attiq , Bashir Amina
Published: October 2023

Chitosan-based polysaccharide biomaterials have gained interest as viable options in tissue engineering due to their distinctive properties and wide range of potential applications. Biomaterials play a crucial role in regenerative medicine because they foster an environment conducive to cell growth and tissue repair. The chitin-derived polysaccharide chitosan is superior than synthetic materials in several ways: it has a similar structure to the extracellular matrix, is biocompatible, biodegradable, antimicrobial, and can incorporate bioactive chemicals. In this article, check how chitosan can be used in tissue engineering as a scaffold for different types of tissue, a hydrogel for wound healing, and a carrier for gene therapy, stem cell culture, and drug delivery. Scaffolds made from chitosan have shown tremendous promise in tissue engineering for the neurological system, bone and cartilage transplantation, and skin regeneration. Hydrogels made from chitosan have been shown to be useful in treating wounds and stopping bleeding. Chitosan's medicinal potential in gene therapy, stem cell culture, and targeted medication administration is further enhanced by the addition of bioactive components such as growth factors, genes, or medicines. In addition, using chitosan in tissue engineering can pave the way for future developments in stem cell techniques, nanotechnology, biofabrication, and 3D bioprinting, among other areas of study. These advances may one day lead to individualized and highly effective therapies for tissue repair and regeneration. The use of chitosan in tissue engineering has the potential to advance regenerative medicine and address the growing demand for more effective techniques to heal damaged tissues. Tissue engineers can revolutionize the field of regenerative medicine and enhance patient outcomes by taking use of chitosan's adaptability and bioactivity to create cutting-edge biomaterials and therapeutic techniques.
Role of Abdominal Ultrasound to Detect Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia with Significant Factor of Age
Authors: Raza Muhammad Ahmad , Sana Amna , Altuf Laamia , Sultan Hajra , Parveen Rabia
Published: October 2023

Mostly in men, benign prostatic hyperplasia is serious issue. The volume of BPH increasing withurinary retention and is mostly determined by transabdominal sonography.Prostatic volumeinteractednegatively withhigh density lipoprotein cholesterol. Mostly occurrenceof BPHinmen with age of 45 to 60 years. BPH have lower urinary tract symptoms. About 20 recentpublicationssuitableforliteraturereviewwereretrievedfromdifferentdatabaseslikePubMed, sci.hub, and google scholar. The search on databases & search engines identified 27articles related to topic, among which only 20 articles were as per requirement. Only 20 articleswere usedfor extraction of data related to role of Abdominalultrasound todetectbenignprostatic hyperplasia. The current study looked at the detection of BPH with age. This review hasconclusionsthatultrasoundisamodalityofchoiceforevaluatingthepatientwithBPH,ithelpsin diagnosis as well as prediction of urinary retention and age has a significant factor in BPH.
Therapeutic Effect of Magnesium Supplementation in Improving Quality of Life among Elderly Insomniac Participants
Authors: Liaqat Amna , Rizwan Bahisht , Amjad Ayesha , Rasool Zunaira
Published: October 2023

Insomnia is increasing day by day, according to global prevalence it ranges from10%to40%with trouble falling asleep, remaining asleep, or having non-restorative sleep that is accompanied by daytime impairment or distress. Magnesium seems to play a key role in there gelation of sleep. Objective: To compare the therapeutic effect of magnesium supplementation in improving quality of life among elderly insomniac participants with control and treatment group. Methods: The study design was double blind randomized clinical trial. Purposive sampling technique was used to allocate gender elderly people. Data were collected from Al-Saida Shuhda old age home, Lahore and the participants were divided into two groups, 40 participants in each group. Group 0 (control group) were given regular diet without magnesium supplement for 8 weeks. Group 1 (treatment group were given Magnesium supplements (500mg) for 8 weeks. Data were tabulated and analyzed with the help of SPSS 25.0. Results: The results shown that the magnesium supplementation had highly significant results in improving LSEQ, serum magnesium, serum melatonin, serum cortisol and serum renin level without showing any side effects. Group 0 has shown 0.152 (GTS), 0.088(QOS), 0.168(AFS), 0.195(BFW), 0.292(serum Mg), 0.567(serum melatonin), 0.276(serum cortisol), 0.101(serum renin) whereas group 1 has shown 0.01(GTS), 0.01(QOS), 0.003(AFS) and 0.03(BFW), 0.02(serum Mg), 0.01(serum melatonin), 0.02(serum cortisol), 0.02(serum renin), respectively. Conclusions: It was concluded from the results that magnesium supplementation in elderly people has highly significant effects in improving insomnia and quality of sleep.
Digital therapeutics-a new era in health care
Authors: Shah Amit , Shah Sachi
Published: October 2023

Digital therapeutics are evidence-based therapeutic interventions that utilize digital technologies to prevent, manage, or treat medical disorders. These interventions utilize digital technologies like mobile apps or online platforms to deliver evidence-based therapeutic interventions and treatments for various health conditions. Digital therapeutics undergo rigorous clinical validation and regulatory processes to ensure their safety and efficacy. Digital therapeutics offer several benefits in health care, including improved accessibility, personalized treatment, cost-effectiveness, continuous monitoring and feedback, enhanced patient engagement, scalability, and support for various health conditions. They have practical applications in areas such as psychiatry, drug development, substance abuse treatment, chronic insomnia, Parkinson’s disease, cardiac rehabilitation, and oncology care. Digital therapeutics can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals across different populations by providing tailored interventions for mental health disorders and addressing health conditions related to different age groups. However, challenges to the widespread adoption of digital therapeutics include resistance to change within health-care systems, interoperability issues, privacy concerns, and limited reimbursement policies. Collaboration among health-care providers, regulators, technology developers, and patients is necessary to address these challenges and ensure the safety and effectiveness of digital therapeutics.
Rural child health: Morbidity patterns in under-five children in Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Siddela Chandrahas , Vemu Susmitha , Lella Meenakshi
Published: October 2023

Background: Under-five is the most vulnerable age group for morbidity, and this section of the population is a pillar of a healthy developed nation. In developing countries, infectious diseases, such as acute respiratory infections, diarrhea, malaria, and whooping cough, are found to be the leading causes of morbidity and premature death.

Aim and Objective: The present study aims to describe the morbidity pattern among children under 5 years of age and analyzing the variables which affect the pattern of morbidity.

Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural field area in Guntur district for 2 months from May to September 2021. Data were collected from 150 under-five children by means of interviews with a pretested questionnaire after prior institutional ethics committee approval and informed consent.

Results: Out of 150 children, 67.3% of the study population lived below the poverty line. Based on the anthropometric measurements, about 22.6% were mildly undernourished. The most common morbidity was anemia with 42.7% of children being affected and 22.7% had worm infestations. The prevalence of morbidity was higher in children living in kaccha houses (69.7%), municipal water users (73.8%), houses with inadequate ventilation and overcrowding (68.6%), and also in breastfed children for <1 year.

Conclusion: Most of the causes of under-five morbidity can be easily prevented if mothers are made well aware of proper nutrition, early and exclusive breastfeeding, good hygienic practices, and sanitation. They should be encouraged to utilize maternal and child health-care services and primary health care for better growth of the children.
EXPERIENCE IN DETECTING UNAUTHORIZED LANDFILLS BY ANALYZING SATELLITE IMAGES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Autonomous non-profit organization «Center for Research and Solutions of Environmental Problems  Ecopathology», Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Bezuglyy T.A.
Published: October 2023

The autonomous non-profit organization «Center for Research and Solutions of Environmental Problems Ecopathology» conducted research of the territories of the city of Kostanay to identify unauthorized landfills of solid municipal, construction and other waste using the «Visual satellite search for illegal landfills» method in 2023. According to the methodology adapted for use in the Republic of Kazakhstan, 40 unauthorized landfills with a total area of more than 19 thousand m2 were identified in Kostanay and nearby territories. The paper presents an adapted algorithm for «Visual satellite search of illegal landfills», analysis of the results of the research and effective pollution prevention measures
La Dirphia Amphimone,(F.) Berg. i sus parásitos
Authors: Silva Figueroa Carlos
Published: October 2023

A medida que se va conociendo mejor la vida i costumbres de los miles i miles de seres que forman el mundo entomolójico, van engrosando nuevos individuos las filas de los que se denominan insectos perjudiciales o las de los que se llaman beneficiosos i útiles al hombre. Las pacientes i continuadas observaciones, así como los prolijos estudios que se llevan a cabo en los Museos, Institutos, Estaciones Patolójicas, etc. sobre la biolojía de los insectos, nos han mostrado la íntima relación que hai entre ellos i muchas enfermedades, plagas o trastornos de los animales i vejetales, como igualmente nos han dado a conocer otros que por su pequeña talla juzgamos desprovistos de interés o escaparon a nuestra observación, i que nos reportan, sin embargo, mayor beneficio que el que nos proporciona el gusano de seda o la abeja de miel, pues son enemigos naturales i formidables de aquellos que nos acarrean grandes perjuicios; se les conoce como parásitos beneficiosos.
La Momia del Cerro El Plomo, Conclusiones
Authors: Mostny Grete
Published: October 2023

Después de un estudio minucioso de todos los aspectos que presenta el conjunto arqueológico excavado a 5400 m. de altura, cerca de la cumbre del cerro El Plomo, situado en la provincia de Santiago de nuestra República, a 33° 13' lat. S. 70° 13' 10 de Long. O, se llega a las siguientes conclusiones:
La subárea arqueológica de Guatacondo
Authors: Mostny Grete
Published: October 2023

La subárea arqueológica de Guatacondo (Huatacondo) está ubicada en la Pampa del Tamarugal en el norte de la Republica de Chile (provincia de Tarapacá, departamento Iquique).
Catálogo herpetológico chileno
Authors: Donoso Barros Roberto
Published: October 2023

Los estudios sobre la fauna herpetológica de Chile se inician con expediciones científicas europeas que se desarrollan en forma creciente a partir del siglo dieciocho. La primera mención de un anfibio chileno fue realizada por Feuille (1714), quien describió el renacuajo de la rana grande de Chile.
Lista preliminar de Lamelibranquios de Chile
Authors: Osorio Cecilia
Published: October 2023

La intensificación de los trabajos de Oceanografía Biológica en los últimos 15 años hace indispensable contar ya con listas faunísticas que permitan a los investigadores tener líneas de referencias sobre las especies que habitan nuestro mar. Desgraciadamente no siempre es fácil elaborarlas y estamos conscientes de que cualquier intento que se realice, por mínimo que sea, no podría contener la totalidad de las especies existentes y ni siquiera podríamos en un plazo prudencial dar listas completas que contuvieran la totalidad de las especies descritas.
Architectonicidae en la Formación Navidad, Mioceno, Chile Central. Parte II. Architectonica (Architectonica) nobilis karsteni Rutsch, 1934. (Mollusca: Gastropoda)
Authors: Frassinetti C. Daniel , Covacevich C. Vladimir
Published: October 2023

Se describe como Architectonica (Architectonica) nobilis karsteni Rutsch, 1934, un ejemplar único de gastropodo proveniente de la Formación Navidad que fue encontrado en un rodado en la base del acantilado costero del sector de Punta Perro, Chile Central (33' 54' Lat. su r). Este hallazgo se constituye en el registro más austral conocido en la distribución del grupo de A. (A.)nobilis Roding , el que con un rango entre el Mioceno Inferior y el Reciente, se encuentra actualmente en las provincias fáunicas Panameña y Caribeña. Este hecho indicaría que los niveles que la contienen dentro de la Formación Navidad (Miembro Navidad) no serían más antiguos que el Mioceno Inferior. Su presencia en estos depósitos puede ser interpretada como un aporte fáunico tropical eventual junto a las faunas típicas de esta secuencia.