bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corrosion inhibition action of Landolphia heudelotii on mild steel in acidic media
Authors: Agiriga Chinyere Elizabeth , Oguzie Emeka , Chidiebere Arinzechukwu , Okorocha Nnaemeka John , Chikwe Reginald Ndubuisi
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the corrosion inhibition efficiency of Landolphia heudelotii (LH) on mild steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 using weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization techniques.

Design/methodology/approach

Water extract of LH was used as corrosion inhibitor on mild steel in acidic media at room temperature and elevated temperatures (30-60°C). Various concentrations of the plant extract were prepared from the stock solution obtained after solvent extraction. The inhibition efficiency of LH extract was evaluated and mechanism of adsorption was deduced.

Findings

LH extract showed significant corrosion inhibition on mild steel in both acidic media, with inhibition efficiency increasing with extract concentration. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements revealed mixed inhibition mechanism. Optimum inhibition efficiency was recorded at 2500 mg/L after 288 h. Mechanism of adsorption was mainly of physisorption. The inhibitor exhibited good inhibition efficiency even at elevated temperature.

Research limitations/implications

This study provides new data on the anticorrosion characteristics of LH extract under the specified conditions. Further studies could expand the experimental variables and use advanced surface probe techniques.

Practical implications

The developed inhibitor provides an alternative method of inhibiting corrosion on mild steel using eco-friendly materials from natural products which are less toxic, safer, cost-effective and readily available.

Originality/value

The method used was effective and the inhibitor developed can be incorporated in surface coatings where mild steel is used as construction materials, as tube sheets, rods and bars.
The relationship between quality management practices, organizational innovation, and technical innovation in higher education
Authors: Sciarelli Mauro , Gheith Mohamed Hani , Tani Mario
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the effects of quality management practices (QMPs) on innovation in higher education (HE), and how organizational innovation (OI) may influence technical innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

The hypotheses were tested with partial least squares structural equation modeling on a sample of 449 valid responses by faculty members in Naples (Italy) public universities.

Findings

The findings support the interdependent relationships between QMPs and their positive impact on innovation. It was found that some QMPs impact on innovation through people and process management, and that OI predicts the technical one.

Practical implications

Directors should recognize the differences between QMPs to implement effective quality management (QM) strategy. Furthermore, they should combine technical and OIs.

Originality/value

Despite the existence of several studies on QM and innovation in manufacturing and services, there are only a few in HE. Based on a multi-dimensional QM approach, this paper investigates the different effects each QMP has on both the other QMPs and innovation in HE.
The short-run and long-run dynamics among FDI, trade openness and economic growth: using a bootstrap ARDL test for co-integration in selected South Asian countries
Authors: Saleem Hummera , Shabbir Malik Shahzad , Bilal khan Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to analyze the dynamic causal relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product (GDP) and trade openness (TO) on a set of five selected South Asian countries.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used newly developed bootstrap auto regressive distributed lags (ARDL) cointegration test to examine the long-run relationship among FDI, GDP and TO for selected South Asian countries for 1975–2016.

Findings

The economic growth (EG) is significantly related to TO for Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka and the expansion of TO is crucial for growth in these countries. The results show that all countries (except Bangladesh) found the existence of long-run cointegration between FDI, GDP and TO, whereas FDI is a dependent variable. These results concluded that FDI and TO are contributing to EG in these selected countries.

Originality/value

This study is one of the first attempts to investigate the causal relationship and address the short and long dynamic among FDI, GDP and TO regarding five south Asian countries such as Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
Tree mycorrhizal type mediates the strength of negative density dependence in temperate forests
Authors: Jiang Feng , Zhu Kai , Cadotte Marc W. , Jin Guangze
Published: May 2020

Recent plant–soil feedback experiments suggest that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) tree species experience stronger conspecific negative density dependence (CNDD) than ectomycorrhizal (EM) tree species. Yet, how these findings inform our understanding of natural systems is limited because the roles of local soil conditions, light availability and tree species abundances in influencing CNDD for AM and EM species are not clear.

Here we examined seedling and sapling survival in two temperate old‐growth forests (broad‐leaved pine and spruce‐fir forests) in Northeast China, to evaluate the effects of both conspecific and heterospecific neighbour density, as well as the soil and light environments, on the survival of AM‐ and EM‐dependent trees at early life stages.

While light availability increased the survival of EM seedlings, soil organic resources increased EM sapling survival in the spruce‐fir plot. AM tree species suffered stronger CNDD than did EM tree species in both plots. In the spruce‐fir plot, soil factors and light availability mediated species CNDD but their effects differed between AM and EM species, and also between seedlings and saplings. For seedlings in both plots, we found that AM species exhibited a positive relationship between species abundance and CNDD strength, whereas this relationship was negative for EM species.

Synthesis. Our results provide one of the few tests of how fungal symbioses determine species responses to intraspecific and interspecific interactions and the direct effects of local environmental conditions on seedling and sapling survival. We show that mycorrhizal type mediates the strength of CNDD and its relationship with species abundance. These results suggest that tree mycorrhizal association can determine the strength of CNDD effect on both rare and common species, and these CNDD differences are likely to influence the community composition of temperate forests.
Establishing an occupational therapy assessment clinic in a public mental health service: A pragmatic mixed methods evaluation of feasibility, utilisation, and impact
Authors: Griffin Georgia , Bicker Samantha , Zammit Kathleen , Patterson Sue
Published: May 2020

Introduction

Employment of occupational therapists in generic roles in public mental health services (PMHSs) constrains capacity to undertake discipline‐specific activity meaning consumers may be unable to access valuable occupational therapy assessments and interventions that could promote recovery. Establishing a dedicated occupational therapy clinic has been identified as one way of improving care provided and outcomes for organisations, therapists, and consumers. To inform such developments, this paper reports evaluation of feasibility, acceptability, and sustainability of a pilot clinic established within a PMHS.

Methods

An observational evaluation was used combining quantitative and qualitative data collected from service documents, clinic records, and in semi‐structured interviews with 42 stakeholders. Quantitative data were used to describe referrals and flow through the clinic. Framework analysis of qualitative data examined the process and outcomes of referrals and enabled understanding of acceptability, perceived impact and areas for improvement.

Results

Substantial ground work, particularly stakeholder engagement, and redistribution of resources enabled establishment and successful operation of an assessment clinic for 12 months. Assessments were completed for 68% of the 100 accepted referrals, with the remainder in process or unable to be completed. Stakeholders agreed that the clinic enabled clinicians' timely access to specialist assessment, improving care for consumers. Occupational therapists valued the opportunity to deploy and develop discipline‐specific skills and when there was some impact on work flow of occupational therapists' ‘home teams’, team managers judged the investment worthwhile. Strong leadership by the discipline lead and support from team managers who enabled allocation of occupational therapists to the clinic were critical to success.

Conclusion

An occupational therapy assessment clinic can be established and operate successfully within a public mental health setting. Redistribution of resources supported increased efficiency and consumer access to specialist interventions that support their recovery.
Report of the Editor‐in‐Chief
Authors: Harvey David
Published: May 2020

Submissions to the Journal have increased again and continue their strong international pattern. Our response times continue to meet our targets, with a few regrettable exceptions, for which our sincere apologies. The JAE's citation impact factor reached an all time high of 2.5 in 2018, though current indications that our 2019 score may not be quite as high. Our sincere thanks are due to our authors and reviewers for this performance. Wiley continue to provide a strong publishing platform with our full archive generating continuing growth in downloads.
Agreement of gastroenterologists in traditional Chinese medical differential diagnosis of functional dyspepsia compared with traditional Chinese medical practitioners: A prospective, multicenter study
Authors: Song Jun , Yang Ling , Su Shuai , Piao Mei Yu , Li Bao Li , Yu Yue , Yu Wen Yong , Zhang Mei , Liang Lie Xin , Zuo Guo Wen , Tang Zhi Min , Long Yan Qin , Chen Xiao Li , Dai Ning , Mo Jian Ling , Wang Rong Quan , Chen Jing , Hou Xiao Hua
Published: May 2020

Objective

To compare the performance of gastroenterologists major in western medicine in diagnosing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome types of functional dyspepsia (FD), postprandial distress (PDS) and epigastric pain syndromes (EPS) based on the main symptoms, with that of traditional TCM practitioners in outpatient services.

Methods

Patients with PDS or EPS were enrolled in the study from six tertiary referral centers between January 2016 and December 2017. Their symptoms were first diagnosed by medical doctors, and then by the TCM practitioners. The diagnostic agreement between the gastroenterologists and the TCM practitioners was calculated. The patients’ data and their types of FD syndrome were collected and analyzed.

Results

In total 160 patients, including 81 with PDS and 79 with EPS were enrolled. The total diagnostic consistency rate between the gastroenterologists and TCM practitioners was 86.3%, while that of PDS and EPS was 85.2% and 87.3%, respectively. The most common type of PDS diagnosed by TCM practitioners was liver‐stomach disharmony syndrome (33.3%), spleen deficiency and qi‐stagnation syndrome (33.3%), while that for EPS was liver‐stomach disharmony syndrome (36.7%).

Conclusions

Gastroenterologists had a high diagnostic agreement about the types of FD syndromes based on differential diagnosis of the main symptoms, compared with TCM practitioners. This may aid gastroenterologists in selecting Chinese medicine for FD‐based on syndrome differentiation.
Compromise or not? A case report of successful treatment of pembrolizumab‐induced hepatitis in a patient with non‐small cell lung cancer with low‐dose methylprednisolone and bicyclol
Authors: Liu Yan'e , Zhang Jie , Yin Zhongnan , Zhu Xiang , Xue Lixiang , Cao Baoshan
Published: May 2020

Pembrolizumab, an anti‐programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) antibody, has been shown to improve survival in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with high expression of programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1). Corticosteroids are the mainstay for most high‐grade immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) such as pembrolizumab‐induced hepatitis. However, the dose and duration of corticosteroid therapy are not well defined. The objective of this case report was to describe a new treatment pattern for severe immune checkpoint inhibitor‐associated hepatitis. Here, we report the case of a patient with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma who developed grade 3 immunotherapy‐induced hepatitis after the first cycle of pembrolizumab. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels peaked at 233 U/L. Hepatitis was alleviated after the administration of methylprednisolone. Therefore, we retreated the patient with pembrolizumab. However, aminotransferase levels increased again after the initiation of low‐dose methylprednisolone or the reuse of pembrolizumab. Finally, hepatitis was controlled with low‐dose methylprednisolone plus bicyclol, a Chinese hepatoprotective agent. Although the patient had been on low‐dose methylprednisolone therapy for about six months, he showed a prompt response. During this period, we also found a dramatic decrease in the neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), senescent T cells (CD8+CD28−CD57+), and myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the peripheral blood of the patient. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of successful management of grade 3 pembrolizumab‐induced hepatitis with a combination of low‐dose corticosteroids and bicyclol. The durable clinical response and changes in blood biomarkers indicate that low doses of corticosteroids do not compromise the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Therefore, this case may provide a new treatment pattern for severe immunotherapy‐induced hepatitis.
Performance of 12‐lead electrocardiogram Selvester QRS scoring criteria to diagnose myocardial scar in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chen Shi , Wang Xuefeng , Huang Liwei , Chen Yucheng , Zhang Qing
Published: May 2020

Background

The Selvester QRS score can identify the presence and extent of myocardial scar in ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy, but its performance in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has not been assessed.

Methods

Consecutive patients with HCM referred to our hospital between January 2012 and July 2016 were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and 12‐lead electrocardiography. The Selvester QRS score was used to evaluate the presence and extent of myocardial scarring, and the results were compared with that obtained with the gold standard—late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on CMR.

Results

A total of 135 HCM patients were enrolled. LGE was present in 93 of 135 (69%) patients. The median LGE mass was 5 (0–14) g, and the median proportion of total left ventricular mass showing LGE was 4% (0%–10%). A total of 92 patients had Selvester score ≥1. The highest score recorded was 13; the median score was 1 (0–3). In receiver operating curve analysis, Selvester score ≥1 was identified as the optimum score for predicting presence of LGE enhancement; the area under the curve was 0.826 (95% CI, 0.752–0.900; p < .001). Significant positive correlation was seen between the Selvester score and the extent of LGE enhancement (Spearman ρ, .572; p < .001). The Selvester scoring system correctly identified all LGE segments in 13 of 93 (14%) patients and some LGE segments in 39 (41.9%) patients.

Conclusions

The Selvester QRS score appears to be a convenient and reliable method to determine the presence and extent of myocardial scar in patients with HCM.
Identification of key bacterial populations affecting early embryonic development in cattle uterus
Authors: Lyu Chenchen , Hua Liushuai , Shi Qiaoting , Zhang Zijing , Xin Xiaoling , Chen Fuying , Yu Xiangdong , Xu Zhaoxue , Bai Zhonglin , Wang Eryao
Published: May 2020

Superovulation is an important animal breeding biotechnology, while the quality of embryos obtained from superovulation is unstable in cattle. The relationship between the microorganisms in the cattle uterus and embryo qualities was determined to identify the key bacterial populations affecting early embryonic development. A total of 10 Xia Nan cows underwent superovulation, we collected cervical mucus and flush samples to investigated by 16S rDNA sequencing. Results showed that there were abundant microorganisms in cervical mucus, but no obvious relationship with the quality of embryos. The clustering results of flush samples were consistent with the grouping of embryo quality. Proteobacteria accounted for more than 95% of the total bacterial community in group A with the best embryo quality (qualified embryo ratio above 0.8), and as embryo quality decreased, the Proteobacteria proportion also decreased. In contrast to the proportion of Proteobacteria, the proportions of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes significantly increased as embryo quality decreased. For group C with the worst embryo quality, the proportions of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes increased to 4.7 times and 12.3 times of group A, respectively. These results showed that the quantities and proportions of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes may be related to early embryonic development in cattle.
Impact of reduced dietary crude protein levels and phytase enzyme supplementation on growth response, slurry characteristics, and gas emissions of growing pigs
Authors: Lala Adebukunola Olufunmilayo , Oso Abimbola Oladele , Osafo Emmanuel Lartey , Houdijk Jos G. M.
Published: May 2020

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of reduced dietary crude protein (CP) levels supplemented with or without exogenous phytase on growing pigs. Six dietary treatments arranged in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangements of 3 CP levels (containing 14%, 16%, and 18% CP) supplemented each with or without 5,000 FTU/g phytase enzyme. Thirty growing pigs (average weight of 17.80 ± 0.10 kg) were allotted to the six dietary treatments in a complete randomized design. The final weight, daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased significantly with increasing CP levels. While, phytase supplementation improved (p = .044) FCR in pigs. Total solid and volatile solid content of the slurry were higher (p = .001) in pigs fed 14% and 16% CP diets supplemented with phytase when compared with other treatment groups. Concentration of methane gas emitted was lowest (p = .001) in the slurry of pigs fed 14% CP diet with or without phytase and those fed 16% CP diet with phytase supplementation. In conclusion, reduction in dietary CP levels resulted in reduced weight gain and poor FCR. While, reduced CP with phytase supplementation reduced concentration of methane gas emitted.
How can corporations adopt Confucianism in business practices? Two representative cases
Authors: Liu Shih‐Ching
Published: May 2020

Ethics is one of the oldest scholarly topics, whether in Eastern Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism, or Western Deontology, Utilitarianism, and Virtue Theory, among others. Traditional ethics focuses on providing guidelines for behavior at a personal level. However, business ethics focuses more on corporations, with related studies addressing why corporations should practice social responsibility and embed ethics in business practices. Applying ethics to firms requires a variety of considerations in many areas. This is especially the case in Confucianism, which emphasizes self‐cultivation, self‐reflection, and self‐discipline. This study investigates two modern representative cases of Confucian firms and observes how they integrate Confucianism into their business practices. It finds that despite the prevalence of a complex environment, Confucianism can still be adopted by them if they use certain methods. Besides, we also identify the common outcomes across these companies. These findings provide a reference for companies that want to incorporate Confucianism in their operations.
What makes learners a good fit for hybrid learning? Learning competences as predictors of experience and satisfaction in hybrid learning space
Authors: Xiao Jun , Sun‐Lin Hong‐Zheng , Lin Tzu‐Han , Li Mengyuan , Pan Zhimin , Cheng Hsu‐Chen
Published: May 2020

Compared with fully face‐to‐face or online learning environments, implementation of hybrid learning spaces is costly given the spaces making all learning options available for learners. Therefore, decisions on investments in hybrid learning are critical for institutions. Satisfaction and experience of learners is one of the important indicators for assessing the cost‐effectiveness of learning space implementation; thus, predictions of learners' satisfaction and experience can inform institutions' decision making on learning space investments. Moreover, learning competences are found correlated with learners' satisfaction and experience in general and e‐learning settings. Therefore, the present study aimed at exploring predictive learning competences for hybrid learners' experience and satisfaction. A hybrid learning space was built upon a proposed model at Shanghai Open University. 211 students’ learning competences and their satisfaction and experience in the hybrid learning space were examined. The results showed that except cognitive engagement competence, most predictive competences were not significantly associated with hybrid learners' satisfaction and experience. The findings indicated that since hybrid learning keeps all options available, to experience satisfying learning, students need not have certain competences but cognitive engagement competence, which is correlated with learners' cognitive ability to figure out the right mix of learning options.
IL-17 in inflammatory skin diseases psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Fletcher J M , Moran B , Petrasca A , Smith C M
Published: May 2020

The skin is one of the most important organs in the body, providing integrity and acting as a barrier to exclude microbes, allergens and chemicals. However, chronic skin inflammation can result when barrier function is defective and immune responses are dysregulated or misdirected against harmless or self-antigens. During the last 15 years interleukin (IL)-17 cytokines have emerged as key players in multiple inflammatory disorders, and they appear to be especially prominent in skin inflammation. IL-17 cytokines produced by T cells and other cell types potently activate keratinocytes to promote inflammation in a feed-forward loop. Given this key pathogenic role of the IL-17 pathway in autoimmune and inflammatory disease, it has been the focus of intense efforts to target therapeutically. The inflammatory effects of IL-17 can be targeted directly by blocking the cytokine or its receptor, or indirectly by blocking cytokines upstream of IL-17-producing cells. Psoriasis has been the major success story for anti-IL-17 drugs, where they have proven more effective than in other indications. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is another inflammatory skin disease which, despite carrying a higher burden than psoriasis, is poorly recognized and under-diagnosed, and current treatment options are inadequate. Recently, a key role for the IL-17 pathway in the pathogenesis of HS has emerged, prompting clinical trials with a variety of IL-17 inhibitors. In this review, we discuss the roles of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-17C in psoriasis and HS and the strategies taken to target the IL-17 pathway therapeutically.
A strategy using SNP linkage analysis for monogenic diseases PGD combined with HLA typing
Authors: Wang Yuqian , Qin Meng , Yan Zhiqiang , Guan Shuo , Kuo Ying , Kong Siming , Nie Yanli , Zhu Xiaohui , Zhi Xu , Qiao Jie , Yan Liying
Published: May 2020

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) of genetic diseases, combined with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing (PGD‐HLA), is a useful technique to have healthy offspring that are compatible with a sibling for hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT) to treat their genetic diseases. Here, we report a new strategy using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) linkage analysis for monogenic disease PGD combined with HLA typing, to simultaneously obtain the information of chromosomal aneuploidy, target mutations and HLA typing through a single low‐depth next generation sequencing (NGS) procedure. In this study, five couples with probands underwent SNP linkage analysis for PGD‐HLA typing were recruited. Within these five couples, two couples fortunately harvested four unaffected and HLA matched embryos with their siblings. After embryo transfer, two healthy neonates were born successfully. Subsequently, cord blood hematopoietic stem cells obtained from these two neonates were collected and frozen for treating their sick siblings. This novel strategy could provide abundant and specific SNPs for each family, therefore linkage information adjacent and even within HLA clusters were apparent. This study offers a highly flexible and precise method which could eliminate misdiagnosis caused by chromosomal recombination of the HLA gene, thus potentially benefit the success rate of HSCT.
Septate hyphae (Rhizoctonia sp) in sputum cytology
Authors: Martínez‐Girón Rafael , Martínez‐Torre Cristina
Published: May 2020

This article discusses the significance and characterisation of long branched yellowish filamentous structures found in a conventional sputum smear stained by the Papanicolaou method from a 55 year old gentleman who started immunosuppressive therapy six months previously when he had a kidney transplant.
Right atrial appendage aneurysm complicated with atrial septal defect: A rare case report
Authors: Duan ShaSha , Li ShuJuan , Sun ZhenTing , Shi YiLu , Fu WenYan , Zhang Lei , Zhao Jie , Wang YaXi , Zhang XiaoShan
Published: May 2020

Right atrial appendage aneurysms (RAAAs) are rare heart malformations, presenting as isolated anomalies or co‐existing with other structural heart diseases. We describe a rare case of RAAA complicated with an atrial septal defect (ASD). The diagnosis was established using transthoracic echocardiography and confirmed using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. To treat the ASD and reduced right atrium volume load, ASD transcatheter closure was performed. On echocardiography performed 3 months post discharge, the RAAA was observed to have reduced in size compared to that presurgery. Six years later, she was in good condition without any adverse events.
Key role of 5‐HT1A receptors in the modulation of the neuronal network underlying the respiratory rhythm generation in lampreys
Authors: Cinelli Elenia , Mutolo Donatella , Iovino Ludovica , Pantaleo Tito , Bongianni Fulvia
Published: May 2020

In mammals, 5‐HTexcitatory respiratory effects imply 5‐HT1A receptor‐mediated disinhibition of pre‐Bötzinger complex neurons. In the lamprey, 5‐HT1A receptors are involved in the neural control of locomotion, but their role in the respiratory regulation, particularly at the level of the putative respiratory rhythm generator, the paratrigeminal respiratory group (pTRG), is not known. We here investigate the respiratory function of inhibitory 5‐HT1A receptors within the pTRG of the isolated brainstem of the adult lamprey. The 5‐HT1A receptor agonists either bath applied or microinjected into the pTRG did not cause significant effects. However, the selective 5‐HT1A receptor antagonist (S)‐WAY 100135 bath applied or microinjected into the pTRG induced depressing respiratory effects or even apnoea, thus revealing that 5‐HT exerts a 5‐HT1A receptor‐mediated potent tonic influence on respiration and contributes to maintain baseline levels of respiratory activity. Microinjections of strychnine or bicuculline, either alone or in combination, into the pTRG prevented (S)‐WAY 100135‐induced apnoea. In addition, immunohistochemical studies corroborate the present findings suggesting that 5‐HT1A receptors are widely expressed in close apposition to the soma of glycine‐immunoreactive cells located within the pTRG region. The results show that in the lamprey respiratory network, 5‐HT exerts a tonic influence on respiration by a potent inhibitory control on both GABAergic and glycinergic mechanisms. The observed disinhibitory effects resemble the excitatory respiratory modulation exerted by 5‐HT1A receptor‐mediated inhibition of glycinergic and/or GABAergic neurons present in mammals, supporting the notion that some features of the neuronal network subserving respiratory rhythm generation are highly conserved throughout phylogeny.
From Sustainable HRM to Employee Performance: A Complex and Intertwined Road
Authors: Jerónimo Helena Mateus , de Lacerda Teresa Correia , Henriques Paulo Lopes
Published: May 2020

Sustainable HRM is an emerging field that underpins the successful implementation of corporate sustainability initiatives. Grounded on the ability‐motivation‐opportunity theory, this study examines the effect of sustainable HRM on employee performance. To do so, we use a mediating model to explain the underlying mechanisms in sustainable HRM and its effect on employee performance. The results show that the road to achieving sustainable HRM from employees' performance is not straightforward but intertwined with a double‐mediation effect of the perceived organizational rationale for sustainability and organizational identification. These findings indicate that an organization needs to find a match or congruency between sustainable HRM practices and employees' inner dispositions, in order to achieve a positive effect on employees' performance. Sustainable HRM practices should be congruent with the sustainability orientation of the organization, and its employees need to perceive this rationale in order to create stronger identification and thus to become more engaged and to better perform.
Filtration efficiency of surgical and FFP3 masks against composite dust
Authors: Breul Sebastian , Van Landuyt Kirsten L. , Reichl Franz X. , Högg Christof , Hoet Peter , Godderis Lode , Van Meerbeek Bart , Cokic Stevan M.
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the protection efficiency of two types of face masks against composite dust and to characterize the particles that penetrated through the masks. Composite dust was created by grinding a commercial nano‐filled composite in a plexiglass box without using water cooling or high vacuum evacuation, in order to obtain a worst‐case exposure. Dust particles were collected using a personal inhalable aerosol sampler (IOM) fixed inside a custom‐made phantom head. Surgical and filtering facepiece (FFP3) masks were tested, and the situation without a mask served as control. The IOM sampler contained a cassette with two filters to collect large inhalable (4–100 µm) and respirable dust particles (<4 µm). The amount of particles was determined gravimetrically by weighing filters before and after composite grinding, and further characterized by electron microscopy. Particle collection for both inhalable and respirable dust was the highest when no mask was used, and the lowest with the use of a FFP3 mask. Different sizes and shapes of particles were observed, with the largest particles (>1 µm) being seen when no mask was applied, whereas only nanoparticles could be detected when either type of face mask was applied. Even though FFP3 masks showed a higher filtration efficacy than surgical masks of the inhalable dust fraction, penetration of a small respirable particle fraction was inevitable for both masks.
NPM resistance: A political intervention
Authors: Nyland Kari , Ahlgren Per Christian , Lapsley Irvine
Published: May 2020

This paper offers a unique perspective on NPM enactment. NPM is the key means by which neoliberal policies penetrate society and there is now a considerable literature on NPM in many economies. The influence of NPM tends to be depicted as significant, embedded, and irreversible. This study offers findings of resistance and rejection of NPM by a cadre of politicians who did not accept the trappings of NPM. The importance of accounting and metrics was rejected by politicians in this study. These actions also influenced the actions of professionals in health care organizations.
Can we project changes in fish abundance and distribution in response to climate?
Authors: Fernandes Jose A. , Rutterford Louise , Simpson Stephen D. , Butenschön Momme , Frölicher Thomas L. , Yool Andrew , Cheung William W. L. , Grant Alastair
Published: May 2020

Large‐scale and long‐term changes in fish abundance and distribution in response to climate change have been simulated using both statistical and process‐based models. However, national and regional fisheries management requires also shorter term projections on smaller spatial scales, and these need to be validated against fisheries data. A 26‐year time series of fish surveys with high spatial resolution in the North‐East Atlantic provides a unique opportunity to assess the ability of models to correctly simulate the changes in fish distribution and abundance that occurred in response to climate variability and change. We use a dynamic bioclimate envelope model forced by physical–biogeochemical output from eight ocean models to simulate changes in fish abundance and distribution at scales down to a spatial resolution of 0.5°. When comparing with these simulations with annual fish survey data, we found the largest differences at the 0.5° scale. Differences between fishery model runs driven by different biogeochemical models decrease dramatically when results are aggregated to larger scales (e.g. the whole North Sea), to total catches rather than individual species or when the ensemble mean instead of individual simulations are used. Recent improvements in the fidelity of biogeochemical models translate into lower error rates in the fisheries simulations. However, predictions based on different biogeochemical models are often more similar to each other than they are to the survey data, except for some pelagic species. We conclude that model results can be used to guide fisheries management at larger spatial scales, but more caution is needed at smaller scales.
Tobler’s Law in a Multivariate World
Authors: Anselin Luc , Li Xun
Published: May 2020

Tobler’s first law of geography is widely recognized as reflecting broad empirical realities in geography. Its key concepts of “near” and “related” are intuitive in a univariate setting. However, when moving to the joint consideration of spatial patterns among multiple variables, the combination of attribute similarity and geographical similarity that underlies the concept of spatial autocorrelation is much harder to deal with. This article uses the notion of distance in multiattribute space to explore and visualize the connection between “near” and “related” in a multivariate context. We approach this from a global, local, and regional perspective. We outline a number of ways to combine different visualization techniques and introduce a new local neighbor match test for multivariate local clusters. We illustrate the methods by means of Guerry’s classic data set on moral statistics in 1833 France.
Reflecting upon vulnerable and dependent bodies during the COVID‐19 crisis
Authors: Clavijo Nathalie
Published: May 2020

This article is a short narrative on how feminism helped me find a balance in my life and how this balance has been disrupted with the COVID‐19 crisis. I reflect on how this crisis is showing our vulnerabilities as human beings. This crisis reflects how our bodies depend on each other, moving away from the dominant patriarchal ontology that perceives bodies as being independent. This crisis is letting the most vulnerable in situations of survival because the infrastructures that support their bodies are not functioning. At the same time, this crisis is providing visibility to certain occupations that are dominated by issues of race, class and gender. These occupations are being at least temporarily rehabilitated to their central position in society. We are living a time where we could show, through our teaching, possible resistance to the neoliberal ontology that captured humanity.
Pyoderma gangrenosum: From historical perspectives to emerging investigations
Authors: Hobbs Misty M. , Ortega‐Loayza Alex G.
Published: May 2020

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare disease of unknown aetiology, first described over a century ago. Initially thought to have an infectious cause, and now primarily considered an autoinflammatory condition, PG continues to be poorly understood, commonly misdiagnosed, and difficult to treat. In this review, we discuss the journey of our understanding of PG to date, including first descriptions, challenges with diagnosis, presumed pathogenesis, and treatments used. We highlight major historical landmarks and their importance, explain the rationale behind current investigations, note outstanding gaps in knowledge, and explore the future directions of PG research. We summarise what we have known, what we are working on knowing, and what we have yet to explore about PG, illustrating overall trends to invigorate future research.
Hydrolytic resistance of K2O–PbO–SiO2 glasses in aqueous and high‐humidity environments
Authors: Palomar Teresa , Mosa Jadra , Aparicio Mario
Published: May 2020

Some historical glasses (lead‐wood ash glasses, lead‐crystal glasses…) are silicate glasses with high content of lead and potassium. This work presents the evaluation of the chemical stability of high‐lead glasses in a high relative humidity atmosphere and as result of aqueous immersion. In both situations, the alteration mechanism begins with the lixiviation of alkali metal and lead ions, followed by the hydrolytic attack of the silica glass network. According to the results, the glasses with a higher content of lead show the fastest degradation due to their higher hygroscopicity. Environmental CO2 can be dissolved in the adsorbed water and favor the formation of intermediate degradation compounds.
CircRNA WHSC1 targets the miR‐646/NPM1 pathway to promote the development of endometrial cancer
Authors: Liu Yao , Chen Shuo , Zong Zhi‐Hong , Guan Xue , Zhao Yang
Published: May 2020

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in human cancer progression. Their high stability and tissue specificity make circRNAs important molecular targets for clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. However, the functions and molecular mechanisms of circRNA WHSC1 in endometrial cancer are unknown. CircWHSC1 expression in normal endometrial and endometrial cancer tissues was detected using PCR. Overexpression or knockdown of circWHSC1 in endometrial cancer cell lines HEC‐1B or Ishikawa, respectively, cell function experiments were used to detect the impact of circWHSC1 on endometrial cancer cells. A nude mouse xenograft model was used to detect changes in tumorigenesis of HEC‐1B cells after circWHSC1 overexpression. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase reporter gene technology were used to predict and validate the sponging ability of circWHSC1 on microRNAs. Gene expression changes were detected by using Western blotting. CircWHSC1 expression was increased in endometrial cancer tissues. CircWHSC1 overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of endometrial cancer cells and decreased apoptosis. CircWHSC1 knockdown had the opposite effect. CircWHSC1 overexpressed nude mice showed increased tumorigenicity. Bioinformatics predicted that circWHSC1 binds to miR‐646, which was confirmed using luciferase reporter gene assays. High expression of miR‐646 could reverse the effect of circWHSC1 on endometrial cancer cells. Western blotting showed increased or decreased levels of nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1), an miR‐646 downstream target, after circWHSC1 overexpression or knockdown, respectively. CircWHSC1 promotes endometrial cancer development through sponging miR‐646 and targeting NPM1.
Adaptable fiberglass post after 3D guided endodontic treatment: Novel approaches in restorative dentistry
Authors: Silva Amanda Stephanie , Carvalho Santos Alice Cecília , de Sousa Caneschi Camila , Machado Vinícius Carvalho , Moreira Allyson Nogueira , dos Santos Alves Morgan Luís Fernando , Tavares Warley Luciano Fonseca
Published: May 2020

Objective

The rehabilitation of extensively damaged teeth with great structural loss and calcified root canals represents a challenge for dentistry. Classically, this restorative procedure of endodontically treated teeth involves intraradicular post placement. Retentive function post that can closely adapt to the root canal without the excessive wear of intraradicular dentin has a fundamental importance to ensure the longevity of the restoration.

Clinical considerations

This report presents a clinical case of 3D guided access to a severely calcified pulp canal followed by the cementation of a fiberglass post that is adaptable to the root canal and prosthetic rehabilitation with full ceramic crown.

Conclusions

3D guided access allowed conservative and safe root canal treatment. The adaptable fiberglass post meets the specific needs of the described case and has a simple technique and low cost.

Clinical significance

Guided endodontics is a minimally invasive approach for teeth with calcified root canals. The post used in this study meets the demands of teeth endodontically treated with conservative techniques. The professional should not need to adapt the anatomy of the root canal to the anatomical reality of the post. This one adapts itself to the shape of the canal.
Nursing Home Responses to Performance‐based Accountability: Results of a National Survey
Authors: Shetty Kanaka D. , Tolpadi Anagha A. , Robbins Michael W. , Taylor Erin A. , Campbell Kyle N. , Damberg Cheryl L.
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVES

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Nursing Home Quality Initiative aims to improve quality through performance measurement. We describe quality improvement (QI) changes that skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) reported making in response to CMS performance measurements and whether reported QI changes were associated with better performance on CMS performance measures.

DESIGN

Nationally representative survey.

SETTING

A total of 15,475 SNFs that reported quality performance on Nursing Home Compare in 2016.

PARTICIPANTS

A total of 1,182 SNFs (58% of random sample of 2,045 SNFs).

MEASUREMENTS

Adoption of 22 possible QI changes, grouped into seven categories (organizational culture, health information technology, care process redesign, provider incentives, changes to staffing responsibilities, performance monitoring, and measure‐specific QI initiatives and technical assistance); performance on the CMS Nursing Home Compare Five‐Star Quality Rating System's quality measure rating.

RESULTS

SNFs reported making an average of 13 QI changes (interquartile range = 11‐16 changes). SNFs mostly commonly reported becoming a learning organization (87%) and providing training to staff on QI strategies (87%). After controlling for patient and facility characteristics, larger SNFs were more likely to obtain assistance on measure reporting from QI organizations and use provider champions than smaller SNFs by 14 and 11 percentage points, respectively. Rural SNFs and SNFs with higher proportions of disabled, black, or Hispanic residents adopted QI changes at similar rates as other SNFs. Of the 22 QI changes, 20 were considered at least somewhat helpful by more than 80% of adopting SNFs. Implementation of all 22 QI changes (vs no changes) was associated with a .48‐star higher quality measure rating (95% confidence interval = .003‐.98 stars; P = .05).

CONCLUSION

In response to CMS measurement programs, SNFs reported making substantial QI investments that were associated with better performance on CMS quality measures. To guide future SNF investments in QI, work is needed to identify the QI changes that yield the greatest performance improvements.
Management of polyethylene glycol solution aspiration using bronchoscopic lavage in a dog
Authors: Aguayo Santaella Daniela M. , Olin Shelly J. , Willard Michael D. , Whittemore Jacqueline C.
Published: May 2020

Polyethylene glycol lavage solutions are used for colonic preparation in dogs and are considered relatively safe. Aspiration is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication of polyethylene glycol administration. Full recovery is possible and often rapid in people treated with bronchoalveolar lavage. A healthy 2‐year‐old male Beagle used in an endoscopy teaching laboratory aspirated a small amount of polyethylene glycol lavage solution. Although initially appearing unaffected, the dog quickly became hypoxemic. Bronchoscopy was used to lavage the lungs and aspirate tracheal/pulmonary fluid 5 times over the course of 45 minutes. The dog completely recovered. This report presents the successful treatment of polyethylene glycol aspiration in a dog. Although the seriousness of aspiration might not be immediately evident, bronchoscopy and lavage should be pursued because of the rapidly progressive nature of polyethylene glycol‐induced pulmonary edema.
Convective activity in a Martian magma chamber recorded by P‐zoning in Tissint olivine
Authors: Mari N. , Hallis L. J. , Daly L. , Lee M. R.
Published: May 2020

The Tissint Martian meteorite is an unusual depleted olivine‐phyric shergottite, reportedly sourced from a mantle‐derived melt within a deep magma chamber. Here, we report major and trace element data for Tissint olivine and pyroxene, and use these data to provide new insights into the dynamics of the Tissint magma chamber. The presence of irregularly spaced oscillatory phosphorous (P)‐rich bands in olivine, along with geochemical evidence indicative of a closed magmatic system, implies that the olivine grains were subject to solute trapping caused by vigorous crystal convection within the Tissint magma chamber. Calculated equilibration temperatures for the earliest crystallizing (antecrystic) olivine cores suggest a Tissint magma source temperature of 1680 °C, and a local Martian mantle temperature of 1560 °C during the late Amazonian—the latter being consistent with the ambient mantle temperature of Archean Earth.
Sutural loading in bone‐ versus dental‐borne rapid palatal expansion: An ex vivo study
Authors: Fox Gavin C. , Jones Thomas A. , Wilson John M. , Claro Wanda I. , Williams Richard A. , Trojan Terry M. , Al Dayeh Ayman
Published: May 2020

Objectives

To measure and compare the success rate and strains generated during bone‐ (BRPE) and dental‐borne rapid palatal expansion (DRPE) at the alveolar bone, zygomaticomaxillary (ZMS) and internasal (INS) sutures. Additionally, the magnitude and the pattern of midpalatal suture (MPS) separation in the 2 groups was assessed.

Setting and Sample Population

The study was performed ex vivo using 28 pig heads.

Materials and Methods

Heads were dissected, and the MPS, ZMS, INS and the alveolar bone were exposed. A differential‐variable‐reluctance‐transducer (DVRT) was installed across the MPS, and single‐element strain gauges were installed at the remaining sites. Expanders were placed and activated at one turn per minute for 30 turns. Strains at the alveolar bone and the sutures and the separation of the MPS were measured.

Results

Successful expansion of the MPS was achieved in 69% of the BRPE subjects compared to 27% in the DRPE group. The average separation of the MPS was higher (230 ± 109 µm per turn vs. 79 ± 61 µm) and the MPS opening happened at an earlier stage of expansion in the BRPE. Higher strains at the ZMS were seen in the BRPE group, while higher strain at the alveolar bone was found in the DRPE group.

Conclusions

The BRPE group demonstrated more successful and effective expansion of the MPS. Higher strain was found at the alveolar bone in the DRPE. A tendency for higher strain at the ZMS was noticed in the BRPE.