bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intramedullary epinephrine and surgical hole on femoral cortex before intramedullary K-wire and bone cement insertion resulting in lower amount of PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) particles on rabbitâ€™s myocardium
Authors: Sanjaya Putu Agung Wirahadi , Suyasa I Ketut , Kawiyana IK Siki
Published: January 2019

Background: Cemented hip arthroplasty can result in devastating complication such as Bone Cement Implantation Syndrome (BCIS). BCIS consists of decreased blood pressure, decreased heart rate, a decrease of consciousness, and sudden death. This devastating condition caused by systemic circulation of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Decrease heart rate caused byÂ  PMMA reaction with the heart muscle. PMMA reach heart muscle due to the increased intramedullary pressure and the opening of the intramedullary blood vessel during cementation. Aim: The purpose of this study is to prove that intramedullary epinephrine and femoral hole before the insertion of bone cement and K-wire result in the lower amount of PMMA in rabbitâ€™s myocardium. Methods This research is conducted as experimental research with post-test only control group design with the subject rabbits. A total of 28 research subjects who met the inclusion criteria of the study were randomly divided into treatment and control groups. The control group did not receive epinephrine and femoral hole treatment. Treatment group 1 received epinephrine intramedullary only, treatment group 2 received femoral hole only, and treatment group 3 received intramedullary epinephrine and femoral hole. Results: Statistical analysis using parametric tests one-way ANOVA found a significant difference between treatment and control groups on the amount of rabbitâ€™s heart muscle. The amount of PMMA particle in all treatment groups are lower than the control group with a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05). The amount of PMMA particle in treatment group 3 (received epinephrine and femoral hole) is lower than the control group with a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is intramedullary epinephrine and femoral hole making before the insertion of bone cement and K-wire result in the lower amount of PMMA particle in rabbitâ€™s myocardiumÂ
Green tea extract resulted in a lower value of IL-6 and TNF-a expressions on rabbit model with Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture
Authors: I G A G Dendyningrat , Suyasa IK , Astawa Putu , Ridia KG Mulyadi
Published: January 2019

Background: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture often occur at a young age. There is still debate about the timing of the surgical interventions. Many studies recommended that ACL reconstruction should be done after the third week of injury. Provision of green tea extract on ACL rupture is expected to more rapidly reduce the inflammatory reaction, which is characterized by lower IL-6 levels and lower TNF-Î± expression at the first, second and third week as compared with no administration of green tea extract so that surgical intervention can be done earlier. Aim: To evaluate the effect of green tea extract in IL-6 expression and TNF-Î± level. Methods: This research is an experimental randomized post-test only group design with 24 ACL-transected rabbit samples and divided into six groups. Three treatment groups and three control groups were further divided into first, second, and third week groups. The treatment group was administered with 300mg/kgBW green tea extract and control group was not administered. IL-6 and TNF-Î± were examined in each treatment and control group during the first, second and third weeks. Results: Oneway-ANOVA study showed that serum IL-6 in the treatment group was lower as compared to control group at first, second, and the third week with p = 0.000 (p <0.05). Kruskal-Wallis study for TNF-Î± expression in the treatment group was lower than the control group at first, second, and the third week with p = 0.000 (p <0.05). Conclusion: Green tea extract resulted in lower IL-6 expression and lower TNF-Î± level than with those not administered green tea extract.
CTx serum level in mice post-ovariectomy after administration of sweet potato extract (Ipomoea batatas) is lower than without administration of sweet potato extract (Ipomoea batatas)
Authors: Melissa Tungka , Suyasa I Ketut , Lestari Anak Agung Wiradewi , Astawa Putu
Published: January 2019

Background: Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is the most common osteoporosis. In postmenopausal osteoporosis, the increase in bone resorption is due to estrogen deficiency. Phytoestrogens are natural substances that can affect estrogenic activity. One of the plants that have phytoestrogens substances is sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) contains anthocyanin that acts as phytoestrogens agent to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of sweet potato extract administration toward CTx level. Methods: An experimental study of post-test control group design was done using 36 female Wistar mice. All mice underwent ovariectomy and were divided into two groups. The first group was given sweet potato extract 400 mg/day, while the second group did not receive any sweet potato extract. In the fourth week, the treatment effect was assessed by examining serum C terminal telopeptide (CTx) level that was taken from mice blood. Results: Statistical analysis found that the mean serum C terminal telopeptide (CTx) levels in mice receiving sweet potato extract were lower than those without the sweet potato extract. Independent t-test that was done on the sample found significant differences with p = 0.000 (p <0.05). Conclusion: Administration of sweet potato extract on post-ovariectomy mice resulted in a lower level of serum C terminal telopeptide (CTx) than those without sweet potato extract.Â
Esthetic crown lengthening with ostectomy and frenotomy for treatment of gummy smile: A case report from Prof. Soedomo Dental Hospital, Yogyakarta-Indonesia
Authors: Apri Buana Anak Agung Gede Bayu , Murdiastuti Kwartarini
Published: January 2019

Introduction: A gummy smile is usually seen when gingival exposure more than 3 mm is visible. Esthetic crown lengthening may include a variety of surgical techniques for the gummy smile treatment, all of which aim to improve the esthetic appearance of teeth and gingiva. Crown lengthening is a surgical procedure aimed at removal of periodontal tissue to increase the clinical crown height.Case: A 21-year-old woman was referred to the Prof. Soedomo Dental Hospital. The patient presented good general health and anterior maxillary teeth with short clinical crowns. There was no periapical radiolucency at radiographic. Gingival exposure was 6 mm. Preoperative intraoral examination showed healthy gingiva, and the clinical crown ratio was about 1:1. At clinical examination, periodontal pocket depth was 3 mm or less, and bone sounding was 3.5 mm or less. After determining the problem, esthetic crown lengthening surgery was performed under local anesthesia. Chuâ€™s aesthetic gauge ratio used to measure ideal clinical crown ratio allowed gingivectomy. Mucoperiosteal flap raised after incision followed by ostectomy to maintain biological width. The flap was repositioned and sutured with various suture technique. Frenototomy was performed to release flap tension, and periodontal dressing was applied after frenotomy. Intraoral examination in 3 months follow up showed reduced gingival exposure to 3 mm and ideal clinical crown ratio.Conclusion: The esthetic crown lengthening with ostectomy and frenotomy for treatment of gummy smile was successful to reduced gummy smile and reach ideal clinical crown ratio.
Management of traumatic intrusion of permanent teeth with immediate surgical repositioning: A case report from Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung-Indonesia
Authors: K Labitta , E Sjamsudin , M Sylvyana
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) of permanent teeth frequently occur in children and young adults. Intrusive luxation is one of the most severe forms of traumatic injuries in which the affected tooth is forced to displace deeper into the alveolus. As a consequence of this type of injury, maximum damage occurs to the pulp and all the supporting structures. The aim of this study is for proper diagnosis, treatment planning and follow up for improving a favorable outcome. Case: A 14 years old male patient came to the emergency department of Hospital Dr. Hasan Sadikin with bleeding from mouth due to an accident. Through clinical and radiographic examination discovered there was an intrusion of teeth 11,21. The intruded teeth were immediately repositioned and splinted within hours following injury with Arch Bar. Antibiotic therapy was initiated at the time of repositioning and maintained for five days. The splint was removed one month later. Clinical and radiographic examination one month after the surgical extrusion revealed satisfactory progressive apical and periodontal healing. Intrusion injuries have the poorest prognosis and complex treatment among all tooth injuries. No consensus has been reached on the optimal treatment of this type of injuries. The recommended treatment options for intruded teeth include the following such as allowing spontaneous re-eruption of the teeth, immediate surgical repositioning, and fixation and orthodontic repositioning. The treatment has to be adaptable according to complications.Conclusion: Further surgical repositioning in the presented case with one month follow up proved to be a viable treatment method for intruded teeth without any additional risk of resorption.Â
Analysis of Intracranial Aneurysm Detection using Time-based Parametric Color-Coded Cerebral Angiogram Vs. Conventional Digital Subtraction Angiography
Authors: Adam Achmad , Faried Ahmad , Hadisaputra Wargian , Hermanto Beni Rio , Arifin Muhammad Zafrullah
Published: January 2019

Introduction: The worldwide prevalence of intracranial aneurysms is estimated to be 5-10%; approximately 10-12 million people are affected by intracranial aneurysms in the United States (US), and they are considered a major problem in public health.The manual interpretation of intracranial aneurysms based on visual examinations and direct observation of medical imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or any of the digital subtraction angiography (DSA), are still presented in monochrome form, and it takes time to interpret the medical images.Methods: Alternative methods are in development that would allow for detection of intracranial aneurysms using open source MATLAB software. This method is a way to observe the aneurysm using the 2 dimensional (2D) DSA data based on the calculations of time to peak (TTP) and time duration (TD) of the contrast agent flow in the blood vessel in order to capture the aneurysm and visualize it using a color system based on a specific index.Results: In this study, the color changes of the DSA data that were processed using open source MATLAB software were found in 24 cases (88.9%) and only 3 cases (11.1%) did not show any color changes. Based on Spearman's correlation test, there was a significant correlation between the size of the high dome, dome-neck ratio, and the aspect ratio (p <0.01) on the color changes of data that were processed using DSA MATLAB software.Conclusion: The modification methods that capture color changes in different blood vessels are expected to be able to assist clinicians in the detection of intracranial aneurysms more quickly and precisely and are also highly dependent on the subjectivity of the observer; this method is a way to help neurosurgeons come up with new approaches for the management of aneurysms. Key Words: Intracranial aneurysm, DSA, MATLAB software, color changes
Surgical treatment in traumatic brain injury with critical glasgow coma scale (GCS): clinical outcome in a single center
Authors: Apriawan Teddy , Fitra Fitra
Published: January 2019

Aims: The goal of this study was to analyze outcomes of the patients underwent surgery for traumatic brain injury (TBI) with critical Glasgow coma scale at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia in term of mortality.Methods: All cases of critical TBI patients with hemorrhage was operated (evacuation craniotomy) from January 2015 - December 2016 at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia. The data were retrospectively reviewed from the medical records. Information regarding patient age, sex, diagnoses, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), surgery type, and the outcome after surgery was collected and analyzed.Results: 36 samples were analyzed from the medical records of Dr. Soetomo hospital. The operation was performedfor the patients with epidural hemorrhage (EDH), subdural hemorrhage (SDH) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In the postoperative period, 83.78% (30 patients) of patients died and only 16.22% (6 patients) survived. Survived patients were followed until six months according to Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).As regard with the six-month evaluation of GOS, only 2 patients came out with good functional outcome (GOS Extended8), 2 patients came out with lower moderate disability (GOS Extended 5), and 2 patients with dead status (GOS Extended 1).Conclusions: In this retrospective study, overall 83.78% (30 patients) patients not survived but 16.22% (6 patients) survived. Two patients had better functional outcome after six months postoperative. The authors conclude that TBI patients with critical GCS should manage with surgery as indicated since good functional results can be obtained in some cases. Many factors affected the good and bad condition of the patient after craniotomy.Keywords: Critical GCS, hemorrhage evacuation craniotomy, GOS Extended
Temporoparietal Gliosarcoma : A Case Report with Literature Review
Authors: Ahmad Faried , Hernowo Bethy S , Adam Achmad , Arifin Muhammad Z
Published: January 2019

Gliosarcoma (GSM) is a primary tumor of the central nervous systemcomposed of both malignant glial and sarcomatous elements. GSM isclassified as grade IV according to World Health Organization (WHO)and regarded as aggressive tumor and often requires both surgeryand radiotherapy. The incidence of GSM is between 1.8%-2.8% ofall malignant gliomas and thus represents an exceptionally rareneoplasm. Consequently, our knowledge about this entity is limited tosmall retrospective case series and case reports. Here, we describe acase of a 46-year-old male with progressive right extremity weakness,accompanied with aphasia. Imaging studies showed a tumor mass inthe left temporoparietal region. Surgery was performed and gross totalremoval was achieved. Histopathology finding established a diagnosisof GSM. The extremity weakness was improved postoperatively withina week.
Mekanisme repigmentasi dan peran melanocyte stem cell folikel rambut pada vitiligo
Authors: Praharsini IGAA , Suryawati Nyoman
Published: January 2019

Vitiligo merupakan kelainan pigmen yang karakteristik dengan adanya destruksi progresifmelanosit matur di epidermis akibat respon autoimun. Terapi vitiligo bertujuan memulihkanpigmentasi yaitu mengganti melanosit yang rusak dengan melanosit yang baru yang berasal darimelanocyte Stem Cell unit folikel rambut. Melanosit folikel rambut ini berperan penting dalamrepigmentasi lesi vitiligo. Pola repigmentasi pada vitiligo meliputi repigmentasi perifolikuler,repigmentasi difus, repigmentasi marginal, kombinasi, dan medium spottled. Mekanisme repigmentasimelalui melanosit berasal dari tepi lesi vitiligo, bulge, selubung akar luar rambut dan dermal sertaepidermal precursors melanocyte yang persisten terletak di tengah lesi vitiligo, yang bermigrasisecara sentrifugal sehingga menyebabkan pigmentasi difus. Proliferasi dan diferensiasi melanosit inijuga tergantung pada growth factor, gen, faktor transkripsi dan jalur signaling pada prosesmelanogenesis. Seiring dengan perkembangan biologi molekuler, penelitian-penelitian saat iniberfokus pada Melanocyte Stem Cell folikel rambut dan terus dikembangkan sebagai terapi vitiligodi masa depan.
Korelasi antara kadar testosteron total dengan trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) pada pria late onset hypogonadism
Authors: Widiyanto Daniel , Iâ€™tishom Reny
Published: January 2019

Background: Late Onset Hypogonadism (LOH) is a clinical and biochemical condition in the elderly with testosterone levels below the reference value of young and healthy men, accompanied by symptoms of testosterone deficiency. Increased age or aging process is one of the factors causing sebaceous gland function decreased both regarding quantity and regarding quality associated with the function of lipid barrier. Decreased sebum gland function can be seen from several parameters, one of which is the increase of Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL). Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with cross-sectional design to determine the relationship between total testosterone and TEWL in LOH men. This research was conducted in Outpatient Unit Andrology of dr. Soetomo from May 2017 to July 2017. 16 samples of elderly male patients (â‰¥60 years) were selected using the consecutive sampling technique who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Performed total testosterone test and TEWL level examination by using Tewameter to the research sample. Interpretation of results adjusted to Research and Development Department, Courage & Khazaka Electronics GmbH, Koln, Germany. Results: The Total testosterone levels of the patient were ranged from 146.11 - 575.10 ng/dL with a mean of 351.67 ng/dL and standard deviation of 116.34. The TEWL level of the patients was ranged from 17.2 - 50.8 g/jam/m2 with a mean of 31 g/jam/m2 and standard deviation of 9.20. The correlation coefficient value between total testosterone and TEWL was -0.853 with a significance of 0.0001 (p <0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between total testosterone and TEWL. The association of total testosterone with TEWL is unidirectional. The lower the testosterone level, the higher the TEWL value.
Profil pasien baru HIV di poliklinik VCT BRSU Tabanan Bali pada tahun 2009 sampai 2017
Authors: Bayu R Prawira , Indrawan I Gusti Ngurah Made Budiana , Sukarni Ni Nengah , Sridana Made Edwin
Published: January 2019

Background: HIV infection is a disease that currently becomes a global problem. Bali is one of the provinces in Indonesia with very high HIV infection new case. Badan Rumah Sakit Umum (BRSU) Tabanan is one of the leading hospitals in Tabanan. Based on data in Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) clinic in BRSU Tabanan, new diagnosed HIV patients are increasing from year to year, so research about new diagnosed HIV patient profile is needed. This research is a descriptive research. Methods: The research design used in this study is cross-sectional study. Population and sample in this study were all newly diagnosed patients with HIV infection in BRSU Tabanan VCT clinic from 2009 to 2017 with a total of 872 people were obtained by total sampling. Secondary data were then processed statistically using statistical software. Results: From this research obtained that new case is the most in the year 2016 (18,5%). With the most patient in age 30 â€“ 39 years old age group (34,9%), male (60.1%), still in employment (22.4%), still living (93.9%), and predicted risk factor heterosexual (93,7%). When the sample is diagnosed HIV most of the patient in stadium 3 (53,6%), with the most clinical sign is weight loss more than 10% in one month (50,2%), and opportunistic infection Candidiasis (55.6%). Conclusions: In an attempt to reduce spreading of HIV, education about transmitted sexual disease and reproduction health are important, especially in high-risk groups.Â
Gambaran riwayat kejadian diare pada balita dan pelaksanaan PHBS dalam tatanan rumah tangga di Desa Gegelang Kecamatan Manggis tahun 2013
Authors: Prajnyaswari Dewa Agung Istri Sintha , Wulan Sucipta Putri Wayan Citra
Published: January 2019

Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in infants. As one of the disease-based environment, the availability of clean water, sanitation and hygiene is one of the key actors in the incidence of diarrhea. As one of the efforts to improve sanitation and hygiene, health center movement Manggis I community health center develops behaviors of live clean and healthy (PHBS) at the family level. The lowest percentage of households classified by PHBS located in the Gegelang Village which amount is 46%. Among the 10 points PHBS, the cause of diarrhea in infants can be sourced history of exclusive breastfeeding, use of unclean water, the habit of not washing hands with soap and clean water, and does not have healthy latrines. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving seventy-five respondents, i.e. mothers with under five children (12-60 months) in Hamlet Gegelang, Kalanganyar, and Pakel, Gegelang Village. Sampling technique is done by using accidental sampling method. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. In this research is found only 13 of 75 (17.3%) of respondents said that the children did not have diarrhea in the last 1 year. A total of 53 respondents (70.7%) said that they did not give exclusive breastfeeding to her child. All respondents had access to clean water, but only 32 of 75 (42.7%) of respondents who process a clean water with appropriate way before drunk. Good hand washing habits only depicted in 30 of 75 (40%) of respondents. Latrine ownership were vary from having latrine with standards compliant (38.7%), have latrine but do not fit to standards-compliant (25.3%), and did not have latrine (36.0%). Conclusion of cross-tabulations showed a trend increase in the number history of diarrhea in under five children on the implementation of PHBS that do not fit to health standards.
Efektifitas tulisan dan gambar peringatan kesehatan pada produk rokok terhadap kesadaran merokok di Kabupaten Badung, Bali-2015
Authors: Suyasa I Nyoman Gede , Santhi Desak Gde Diah Dharma
Published: January 2019

Starting in June 2014 tobacco products circulating in Indonesia must be accompanied by pictures and written health warnings. Pictorial warnings can raise public awareness about the impact of smoking, and advocates people to stop smoking. The research objective is to analyze changes in the awareness of smokers after the Ministry of Health policy writing and picture health warnings on the pack of cigarettes. This is an observational study with sample of the population of smokers in Badung. The sample size is 100 people. Sampling is using cluster sampling method, the number of clusters as many as 10 clusters and each cluster includes 10 respondents, 10 clusters selected by PPS. Primary data collection techniques and awareness about the characteristics of smokers using a questionnaire by the officer. Analysis of data using statistical multivariance. The results of the research article health warnings on a cigarette can alter consciousness quit smoking the next 12 months amounted to 74.2% of smokers. Picture health warnings on a cigarette can alter the consciousness of quit smoking the next 12 months amounted to 91.2% of smokers. Cigarettes contain writings average time quitting is 50.42 months and picture health warnings on a cigarette average of 18.78 months to quit smoking. There is a significant difference in the average time a smoker stopped smoking after writing and picture health warnings. We conclude that text health warnings and picture health warnings on a cigarette can raise awareness to quit smoking.
Microstructural aspect of pineal body: pinealocytes population
Authors: Wirata Gede , Santoso Putu Nia Calista , Dewantari Putu Ayu Utami
Published: January 2019

Background:Â Pineal tissue was compound with 2 types of cell known as pinealocytes and astrocyte cell. Furthermore, microanatomical research of pineal body is a rare procedure conducted for several years even in Indonesia, and its anatomical aspect needs to be explained. Â Aim: enrich the scope of knowledge related to mammalian pineal within the pineal body. Methods: 3 Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus), especially their pineal tissue, was extracted by pinealectomy method as a histotechnical procedure in a laboratory setting was prepared. Result: Pinealocytes characteristic are basophilic, large, regularly nucleus and a lot of mitochondria. On the other side, astrocyte has longer cytoplasmic processus found around the perivascular area and among the pinealocytes one. Conclusion: The quantities of pinealocytes appear as a most dominant cell that fills the inner part of the pineal body and probable to synchronize the production of melatonin and entirely supported by their neighbor, astrocyte cells.Â Keywords: histotechnical method, pinealectomy, epiphysis
Overview of adherence and factors related to medication adherence in hypertensive patients at Puskesmas Tembuku 1 in 2017
Authors: Ramah Thivyaroobini , Kartika Sari Komang Ayu
Published: January 2019

Background: Hypertension remains a public health issue in Indonesia as its prevalence increases considerably. Adherence to treatment is an important factor in the long-term health and well-being of hypertensive patients. Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2007 reported that the prevalence of hypertension in the population aged over 18 years in Indonesia is as high as 31.7%, of which only 7.2% known that they had hypertension and only 0.4% took antihypertensive medications. Coverage of hypertension cases at Puskesmas Tembuku I in 2016 increased by 50% from the previous year, from 292 cases to 584 cases.Methods: The research was conducted in the coverage area of Tembuku I Community Health Center, Bangli Regency, in 2017. The descriptive cross-sectional method was used in this research. 81 respondents were chosen as research sample using non-probability consecutive sampling method. Primary data were collected through interviews on the research sample using questionnaire and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8).Results: Most of the respondents had low medication adherence (96.3%), followed by moderate adherence (3.7%). None of the respondents had high medication adherence. Most of the respondents had low knowledge of hypertension (70.4%) and had sufficient access to healthcare facilities (71.6%). Most of the respondents reported high family support (93.8%), and high support from healthcare officials (71.6%). Most of the respondents (97.5%) reported high motivation.Conclusion: Low medication adherence and low knowledge regarding hypertension were observed, despite sufficient access to healthcare facilities, high family and healthcare officials support, and high motivation in hypertensive patients.
Association between educational level and hypertension with decrease of cognitive function among elderly at Puskesmas Mengwi I
Authors: Ramachandran Vijay , Aryani Putu
Published: January 2019

Background: One of most emerging disease in elderly is the decreasing of cognitive function. Some factors that could affect cognitive function are sociodemographic factors such as genetics, age, gender, educational level, occupation also some diseases like a cerebrovascular disease, metabolic disease, brain tumor, and head trauma.Methods: The purpose of this research was to understand the association between educational level and hypertension with a decrease of cognitive function in elderly. This research was analytic cross-sectional study. The number of samples that obtained was 41 elderly who met the inclusion criteria. The sample data obtained by filling an MMSE questionnaire to aces cognitive function.Results: In general, 16 from 41 sample (39%) has a decrease in cognitive function. Bivariate analytic with chi-square method showed that thereâ€™s a significant relationship between educational level and a decrease of cognitive function (p= 0.001) while also showed that thereâ€™s no significant relationship between hypertension and decrease of cognitive function.Conclusion: It can be concluded that there was a significant relationship between educational level and a decrease of cognitive function in elderly but no significant relationship between hypertension and decrease of cognitive function in elderly. The results of this study were expected to be used as a basis for further research in the future.
Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among diabetes mellitus type 2 patients at Diabetes Center of Sanglah General Hospital, Bali
Authors: Krishnan Gopi , Subawa AA Ngurah
Published: January 2019

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. A prevalence study could contribute in explaining the pattern and giving the perspective of how a community deals with diabetes and its complications.Methods: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Diabetic Center of Sanglah General Hospital. This study used a descriptive cross-sectional study using secondary data from medical records of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.Results: 1070 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus obtained from January â€“ December 2014. 6.92% patients have suffered from retinopathy, and 93.08% have not suffered from retinopathy. Distributions of patients who suffered from retinopathy were mostly from the age group of 50-59 years old.Conclusion: Only 6.92 % of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Sanglah Hospital had suffered from the complication of diabetic retinopathy in the year 2014.Â
The compliance of hypertension patients in taking medication at Sukasada II Primary Health care from January - March 2016
Authors: Raveendran Shobana , Kartika Sari Komang Ayu
Published: January 2019

Background: Hypertension is a chronic disease where the adherence to therapy should be given serious attention. Compliance behavior is to obey the doctor's advice or procedure from the doctor about the use of drugs which had been prescribed by a consultation process between the patient and the patient's family physician. The health providers were influenced by two factors: behavioral and non-behavior factors which determined or shaped by three main factors such as predisposing factors, enabling factors, and reinforcing factors. The aim of this study to assess the compliances of taking medication in hypertensive patients at the Sukasada II Buleleng primary health care.Method: It was a quantitative descriptive study. The respondents were all hypertension patients who come to the Sukasada II primary health care from the period of January to March 2016. Data were obtained through interviews and questionnaires distributed to respondents who met the inclusion criteria and exclusion. The univariate and bivariate analysis was conducted in this study.Results: The results of the research show the number of 84 sample contained 1 subjects with good adherence, 14 subjects with moderate adherence, and 69 subjects with less adherence. The cross tabulation showed that poor medication adherence in the elderly (90.9%), followed by male gender (84.1%), low education (82.7%), higher knowledge (85.0%), perception at close distance (85.7%), travel time â‰¥ 15 minutes (86.0%), route conditions (84.1), do not have access difficulties (83.9), good family support (82.9), the low role of health care (100%), and did not have any comorbidities (83.1%).Conclusion: The trend of hypertensive patients that are not taking medication mostly come from submissive to men, senior citizens, low educational level, and lesser role of healthcare personnel.
Sexual violence among females who reports to Sanglah Hospital from January 2014 until October 2015
Authors: Raja Tharsini , Alit Ida Bagus Putu
Published: January 2019

Background: Sexual violence usually involving sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration perpetrated against a person without that person's consent. Available data suggest that in some countries nearly one in four women may experience sexual violence by an intimate partner, and up to one-third of adolescent girls report their first sexual experience as being forced.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Forensic Department of Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali between July 2015 â€“ November 2015.Â  A total of 44 women who came to Sanglah General Hospital with complain of sexual violence between January 2014 â€“ October 2015 were involved in the study.Results: The highest incidence of sexual violence in women who reports to Sanglah General Hospital are within the age range of 20-29 years old (36%). The majority of sexual violence in this study were commited by someone known by the victim, namely victimâ€™s boyfriend (41%), followed by their husband (18%), ex-husband (5%) and second husband (5%). Â Most of the victims did not resist during the sexual violence (80%) and had history of previous sexual relationship (86%).Conclusion: Signs of vaginal penetration were found in all of the victims. Most of the victims reported painful intercourse as a result of the violence, and presented with stable emotional state.Â Â
Karakteristik kanker payudara usia muda di Subbagian Bedah Onkologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah tahun 2014-2016
Authors: Diahpradnya Oka Partini Putu , Niryana I Wayan , Anda Tusta Adiputra Putu
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang: Kanker payudara merupakan jenis kanker yang paling sering terjadi pada wanita. Kasus kanker payudara pada usia muda (dibawah 40 tahun) cenderung memiliki presentase yang lebih rendah diantara usia tua, namun memiliki prognosis yang lebih buruk. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kanker payudara usia muda di Sub Bagian Bedah Onkologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah tahun 2014-2016 berdasarkan stadium, subtipe, dan jenis histopatologi.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional, yang datanya diperoleh dari data register pasien kanker payudara di RSUP Sanglah dan diolah menggunakan aplikasi SPSS.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, jumlah pasien kanker payudara usia muda (<40 tahun) adalah sekitar 72 orang (14%) dari total 514 pasien kanker payudara. Rentang usia muda terbanyak adalah pada rentang usia 35-39 tahun yaitu sekitar 34 orang (47.2%). Stadium kanker payudara usia muda terbanyak adalah stadium IIIB dan IV masing-masing sebesar 19 orang (26.4%). Jenis histopatologi kanker payudara usia muda terbanyak adalah karsinoma duktal invasif sebesar 61 orang (84.7%). Subtipe kanker payudara usia muda terbanyak adalah Luminal B sebesar 31 orang (43.1%).Simpulan: Karakteristik Kanker Payudara Usia Muda di Subbagian Bedah Onkologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah cenderung mirip dengan penelitian-penelitian yang pernah dilakukan sebelumnya, meskipun beberapa variabel yang menunjukkan angka persentase yang berbeda dengan penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya.
Hubungan status kesehatan berdasarkan WOMAC dengan kualitas hidup berdasarkan WHOQOL-BREF pada pasien osteoartritis lutut di Rumah Sakit Sanglah tahun 2016-2017
Authors: Ayu Pande Arista Dewi Ni Putu , Subawa Wayan , Artha Wiguna Agung
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang: Osteoartritis (OA) merupakan penyakit degeneratif pada persendian yang bersifat kronik. Keterbatasan fungsi yang dialami oleh penderita osteoartritis lutut berhubungan dengan adanya perubahan pada kualitas hidup. Kualitas hidup tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh keadaan fisik dari penderita OA, namun juga dipengaruhi oleh mental dan psikis. Hal ini juga penting digunakan sebagai terapi secara menyeluruh bagi penderita OA, tidak hanya dalam bidang klinis, akan tetapi bidang mental dan psikis penderita juga harus diperhatikan dan menjadi tolok ukur dalam keberhasilan suatu terapiMetode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional mencari hubungan antara variabel bebas (status kesehatan) dengan variabel tergantung (kualitas hidup). Sampel penelitian adalah pasien OA lutut yang telah terdiagnosis secara klinis dan radiografi di RSUP Sanglah pada tahun 2016-2017. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan memberikan 2 kuesioner ke rumah masing-masing subjek.Hasil: Dari 38 responden 26,3% merupakan laki-laki dan 73,7% merupakan perempuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: (1)Terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan (r=0,345, p=0,034) antara status kesehatan dengan kualitas hidup, (2) perbedaan hubungan rerata diantara masing-masing domain, dimana terdapat hubungan negatif yang signifikan (r= -0,324, p= 0,048) antara status kesehatan dengan domain kesehatan fisik pada WHOQOL-BREF dan hubungan yang positif signifikan antara status kesehatan dengan domain psikologis (r=0,328, p=0,044), hubungan sosial (r=0,325, p=0,047) lingkungan (r=0,530, p=0,001) pada WHOQOL-BREF.Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang positif signifikan antara status kesehatan berdasarkan rerata skor WOMAC dengan kualitas hidup berdasarkan WHOQOL-BREF pada pasien OA lutut di RS Sanglah tahun 2016-2017. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dengan meningkatkan kualitas hidup dapat membantu terapi pasien OA lutut agar tercapai hasil terapi yang maksimal.Â
Gambaran stadium dan jenis histopatologi kanker payudara di Subbagian Bedah Onkologi RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2015-2016
Authors: Satya Wangsa I Gde Made Satya Wangsa , Niryana I Wayan , Anda Tusta Adiputra Putu Anda Tusta Adiputra , Pande Arista Dewi Ni Putu Ayu
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang: Kanker payudara merupakan suatu penyakit neoplasma yang ganas dimana pada jaringan parekim terdapat pertumbuhan jaringan payudara abnormal yang bersifat infiltratif dan desktruktif serta dapat bermetastase. Tingginya kasus kanker payudara di Indonesia, tidak selalu diikuti oleh penentuan stadium klinis dan histopatologi secara lengkap, padahal penentuan stadium klinis dan histopatologi diperlukan untuk menentukan diagnosis dan tata laksana lebih lanjut. Pengetahuan mengenai gambaran stadium dan jenis histopatologi juga menjadi salah satu indikator penting dalam penentuan prognosis kanker payudara.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang (cross-sectional), yang datanya didapatkan dari data rekam medis di RSUP Sanglah dengan subjek penelitian pasien yang terdiagnosis kanker payudara pada tahun 2015-2016 kemudian diolah dan dianalisis dengan bantuan software SPSS.Hasil: Berdasarkan stadium, pasien kanker payudara dengan stadium EBC (Early Breast Cancer) sebanyak 30,08% dengan 2,95% pasien stadium I, 13,39% stadium IIA, 13,73% stadium IIB. Pasien terdiagnosis dengan stadium LABC (Locally Advance Breast Cancer) berjumlah 273 (47,47%) pasien dengan secara berturut-turut 14,78%, 30,95% dan 1,73% pasien stadium IIIA, IIIB dan IIIC. Pada penelitian ini juga tercatat sebanyak 129 (22,43%) pasien dengan kanker payudara yang sudah metastasis (stadium IV). Berdasarkan histopatologi, sebanyak 483 (84%) pasien dengan karsinoma duktal invasif, 61(10,60%) pasien dengan karsinoma lobular invasif, dan 31 (5,40%) pasien dengan karsinoma tipe lain.Simpulan: Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa pasien yang terdiagnosis kanker payudara di RSUP Sanglah pada tahun 2015-2016 sebanyak 575 pasien dengan stadium kanker payudara terbanyak adalah Locally Advance Breast Cancer (LABC) (Stadium IIIA, IIIB, IIIC) dengan jumlah 273 (47,47%) pasien. Jenis histopatologi kanker payudara terbanyak adalah karsinoma duktal invasif dengan jumlah 483 (84%) pasien.
Pemberian antibiotik cefotaxime dengan konsentrasi sublethal pada isolat Klebsiella pnuemoniae yang resisten terhadap ampicilin menginduksi Multi Drug Resisten (MDR)
Authors: Zakharian Gema , Sukrama Dewa Made , Fatmawati Ni Nengah Dwi
Published: January 2019

Background: Antibiotic resistance causes frequent infections to be difficult to treat and may aggravate the condition of infected patients which are requiring longer and more expensive antibiotic therapy. Klebsiella sp. is the most potential germ that causes nosocomial infections in the hospital. Klebsiella sp. which resulted a positive ESBL being perceived to directly exacerbate public health problems and become the center of attention in some countries, including Europe and America. Methods: This study used 32 repetitions with Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate obtained from Clinical Microbiology Installation of Sanglah General Hospital. Isolate was divided into two groups, the first group was not given the treatment of cefotaxime with sublethal concentration and the second group was given the treatment of cefotaxime with sublethal concentration. Resutls: The results of the treatment were tested by Pearson Chi Square method with the result that cefotaxime treatment with sublethal concentration significantly caused resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate and was proved by p value of 0.014 (p <0.05). Conclusions: Antibiotic test results using Vitex found isolates Klebsiella pneumoniae are resistant to more than two antibiotics and isolates are also germs that have Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL).
The accuracy of automated oscillometry compared to manual doppler in measuring ankle brachial index in suspected peripheral arterial disease patients: a systematic review
Authors: Putra Achmad Ismail Sampurna
Published: January 2019

Background: Golden standard to diagnose Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is angiography. A more common and practical alternative technique is by calculating Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) using Oscillometry as systolic blood pressure measurement. Though, its accuracy remains obscure.Methods: A systematic search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar database.Â  There were 11 articles were found after reviewed for the title and abstract by inclusion and exclusion criteria. However, only 6 articles were relevant and used by the authors.Results: Based on the six journals appraised, the sensitivity of automated oscillometry in detecting PAD (ABI <0.9) ranged from 0.4-0.7. The specificity, however, showed better result around 0.75-1. It shows that those patients who scored negative for PAD with oscillometry are not likely to have the disease. Automated oscillometry in studies appraised was also seen to have moderate positive and negative predictive value, which may indicate the possibility of this simpler diagnostic tool to be used to screen PAD. Most of the studies demonstrated good likelihood ratio for oscillometry, which even adds more power to oscillometry as a PAD diagnostic tool.Conclusion: Automated oscillometry was comparable with manual Doppler due to its high specificity. Several advantages were identified such as; oscillometry required less reliant on the specialized skills, commonly available, reliable, and simple to use which can be performed by primary care physicians even in their primitive set up. Thus, the oscillometric method can be utilized as an alternative in diagnosing patients suspected with PAD.
Gambaran evaluasi tingkat nyeri pasien pasca operasi radang usus buntu dengan bedah terbuka dan laparoskopi di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2016
Authors: Diantari Dewa Ayu Wahyu , Wiguna IGL Ngr Agung Artha , Niryana I Wayan
Published: January 2019

Radang pada usus buntu merupakan peradangan dari apendiks vermiformis. Pasien pasca operasi radang usus buntu yang ditangani dengan bedah terbuka atau laparoskopi akan merasakan suatu sensasi nyeri dari tindakan pembedahan yang dilakukan. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran evaluasi tingkat nyeri secara umum dan berdasarkan karakteristik data sampel. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain retrospektif observasional. Sampel ialah pasien pasca operasi radang usus buntu dengan bedah terbuka dan laparoskopi di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar dari tahun 2016 dari hari pertama hingga hari ketiga pasca operasi. Pengambilan data menggunakan data sekunder, meliputi: skor VAS (visual analog scale) yang telah tertera pada rekam medis pasien. Tingkat nyeri dilihat dari hari pertama hingga hari ketiga pasien pasca operasi radang usus buntu dengan bedah terbuka dan laparoskopi. Hasil: Terdapat sebanyak 44 orang pasien bedah terbuka memberikan gambaran tingkat nyeri yang terdata pada hari pertama 75% nyeri ringan dan 25% nyeri sedang, hari kedua 2,3% tanpa nyeri, 86,4% nyeri sedang, dan 11,4 nyeri berat, serta pada hari ketiga 9,1% tanpa nyeri, 88,6 nyeri ringan, 2,3% nyeri sedang. Terdapat pula 6 orang pasien dengan laparoskopi yang terdata pada hari pertama 50% tanpa nyeri danÂ  50% nyeri ringan, pada hari kedua 66,7% tanpa nyeri dan 33,3% nyeri ringan, serta pada hari ketiga 83,3% tanpa nyeri dan 16,7% nyeri ringan. Simpulan: Gambaran evaluasi tingkat nyeri pasien pasca operasi radang usus buntu dengan bedah terbuka adalah nyeri ringan, sedangkan untuk laparoskopi adalah tanpa nyeri.Â
Prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of suicides in Denpasar from 2014-2016
Authors: Manokaran Pravinthiran , Aryani Luh Nyoman Alit , Ariani Ni Ketut Putri
Published: January 2019

Suicide is an important health issue worldwide which is generally on the rise from annually. It has no known pathophysiology; it interlinks psychological, biological, societal and environmental factors. Aim: This study was conducted to identify the prevalence and various variables, such as characteristics, methods and risk factors of attempted and completed suicides. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study which was conducted in Denpasar from 2014-2016 and the subjects of study are those attempted and died from suicides. Data were collected from residentâ€™s log book and medical records from Psychiatric and Forensic departments in RSUP Sanglah and police reports from Polresta Denpasar. Data collected from Polresta has also included those from Forensic. Results: Age group 15-29 years (121), females (118), married people (82), private sector employees (109), and Balinese (108) have highest numbers of suicide attempts in their respective character groups. Poisoning (145) and problems with a partner (99) are the most typical methods of choice and risk factor respectively among the 176 cases of attempted suicides. Age group 30-49 years (11), males (17), married people (16), private sector employees (16), and Balinese (13) have highest numbers of completed suicides. Hanging (22) and economy crisis (13) are the most prevalent method and risk factor among the 23 cases of completed suicides. Conclusion: Findings of this study show that there were 176 suicide attempts and 23 suicide deaths in Denpasar from 2014-2016.
Risk factors of preeclampsia and eclampsia in Sanglah General Hospital from March 2016 to March 2017
Authors: Vincent Ng Teng Fung , Darmayasa I Made , Suardika Anom
Published: January 2019

Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia have been increasing at an alarming rate. It is a challenging task for doctors and pregnant mothers. Preeclampsia defined as new onset of hypertension (â‰¥140mmHg systolic or â‰¥90mm Hg diastolic on at least two occasions 6 hours apart) and proteinuria (at least 1+ on dipstick or â‰¥300mg in a 24-hour urine collection) after 20 weeks of gestation. Eclampsia defined as neurologic involvement in the form of generalized tonic-clonic convulsions in women with preeclampsia is termed eclampsia if the seizures cannot be attributed to any other cause such as epilepsy, cerebral infection, tumor or ruptured aneurysm. Aim: This study aims to find the association of risk factors for preeclampsia and eclampsia. The risk factors for preeclampsia and eclampsia are obesity, primigravida, multiple pregnancies, diabetes, pre-existing hypertension, family history, expecting motherâ€™s age, nutritional status, and socioeconomic status. The study was carried out by using descriptive research and data were collected from medical records in Sanglah hospital which has 140 cases. Results: The results for preeclampsia are highest in expecting the age of 20-35 years old, primigravida women with gestational age > 37 weeks, overweight and overnourished women, a middle socioeconomic status and also without risk factors. The results for eclampsia are dominant in expecting age of 20-35 years old, primigravida women with gestational age > 37 weeks, women with middle socioeconomic status and majority without risk factors, and women who are overweight and overnourished. Conclusion: Preeclampsia and eclampsia cases are highest in expecting age of 20-35 years old, primigravida women with gestational age >37 weeks, overweight and overnourished women, majority women without risk factors and from middle socioeconomic status.