bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lineamientos para la formulación del Plan de Búsqueda de Desaparecidos en Norte de Santander
Authors: Contreras Bolivar Leidy Patricia , Osorio Sánchez Eduardo Gabriel
Published: May 2022

En el artículo, se efectúa un análisis sobre la recolección de información como fase de un plan de búsqueda de personas dadas por desaparecidas y su importancia en el departamento Norte de Santander (Colombia), para lo cual se identifican lineamientos que deberían considerarse, atendiendo a las características del territorio. Se adopta una metodología mixta. Desde lo cualitativo, y a partir de una revisión documental, se elaboró un marco descriptivo de la fase de recolección de información en la búsqueda de personas desaparecidas; desde lo cuantitativo, se realizó un análisis de datos relativos a las desapariciones ocurridas en el departamento. Como hallazgos relevantes, se destaca que para la fase de recoleccción de información en la región, es necesario tener presente sus características y el modo de actuación en el que se cometió el delito de la desaparición y a partir de allí, estudiar la temporalidad, el enfoque diferencial y las dinámicas del territorio. Esto implica que se deba contar con mayor información de contexto, teniendo en cuenta su ubicación geoestratégica y condición fronterizala, para lograr una búsqueda efectiva.
¿Cómo narrar trayectorias de la justicia constitucional a partir de los salvamentos de voto?
Authors: Obando Rentería Fabio Andres
Published: May 2022

Este artículo reflexiona acerca de cómo narrar trayectorias de la justicia constitucional colombiana a partir de los salvamentos de voto. Se toman como referencia los disensos doctrinales que dividieron a los magistrados de la Corte Constitucional entre los años 1992 y 2000; particularmente, en las sentencias de control abstracto aprobadas por solo un voto de diferencia. La lectura sistemática de estos desacuerdos muestra cómo opera la autonomía relativa de la doctrina constitucional en un cuerpo judicial colegiado. En ese sentido, se expone cómo el estudio de los salvamentos de voto permite ir más allá de los análisis tradicionales de las decisiones del tribunal. Estos tienden a realizarse únicamente a partir del contexto político o de los “perfiles ideológicos” de los magistrados.
Responsabilidad Patrimonial del Estado: contrapeso al poder exorbitante de la Administración pública mexicana
Authors: Cambero Quezada Guillermo
Published: May 2022

La responsabilidad patrimonial del Estado ha introducido importantes innovaciones en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico en épocas recientes, lo que ha favorecido el desarrollo del derecho administrativo nacional. Así, el particular que ha sufrido daños y perjuicios puede obligar a la Administración pública mexicana a indemnizarlo. Sin embargo, los alcances de dicha figura en nuestro país aún son limitados debido a un gran desconocimiento en su funcionamiento y aplicación. El presente artículo analiza las características principales del régimen responsabilidad patrimonial del Estado desde la óptica del interés general, conduciendo a una buena administración, evitando así las malas prácticas de la administración pública.
La integración contractual del préstamo multidivisa en el Derecho de consumo europeo
Authors: Rincón Andreu Gerard
Published: May 2022

El derecho de consumo viene evolucionando a marchas forzadas, vislumbrándose cierta labor hermenéutica, no del todo consistente, debido a la necesidad de cumplir con el principio básico de protección al consumidor. Si bien la solución jurídica consolidada nos lleva a declarar la anulabilidad del clausulado multidivisa, este artículo pretende reflexionar sobre si la interpretación teleológica y hermenéutica para llegar a la solución actual es coherente con nuestro ordenamiento positivo. Por consiguiente, expondremos cómo se están socavando los propios fundamentos del derecho contractual clásico, concretamente: la doctrina de la nulidad y los principios de conservación del negocio jurídico e integración contractual.
Effect of UV-C and P. Fluorescens on Residual Rate of Herbicide Lintur 70% WG in Soil and Wheat Seeds
Authors: Al-Shafiee Adeeb K , Kadhim Jamal H. , Allwbawi Salwan A.Z.J.
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to test the effect of two factors, biological (Bacillus cereus) and physical (UV-C) in degrading of herbicide Lintur residue on wheat plants. Pathogenicity in vitro experiments showed that Pseudomonas fluorescens is not pathogenic on wheat seeds. On the other hand, Lintur had negative effect on bacteria in solid and liquid media. As for the field experiments with regard to Lintur residual in the soil, the results showed that the highest concentration of the herbicide was 7.00 ppm in the treatment of uncultivated soil sprayed with Lintur, while the lowest concentration (below the detectable level) was in the wheat planted soil sprayed with UV-C treated Lintur in the presence of Pseudomonas fluorescens. As for the seed treatment, the highest active compound concentration was 1.90 ppm appeared in the Lintur treated seeds in the absence of other treatments, compared to the lowest residual concentration (0.00) ppm was in seeds treatment with UV-C treated Lintur.
Predation Efficiency of different Life Stages of the Two Ladybirds Coccinella Septempunctata and C. Undecimpuntata
Authors: Hussein Aseel K Abdul , Taha Thaer M
Published: May 2022

The predatory efficiency of first and fourth instar larvae, adults of the seven-spotted ladybird Coccinella septempunctata and the eleven-spotted ladybird Coccinella undecimpunctata in prying on nymphs and adults of black bean Aphis fabae Scopoli (Homoptera: Aphididae) was evaluated in the entomology laboratory at the College of Education for Girls/University of Kufa in 2021. The results showed that adults of C. septempunctata ladybirds and C. undecimpunctata ladybirds are the most efficient in consuming nymphs and adults of A. fabae. Adults of C. septempunctata ladybird were more competitively efficient at 26.5 individuals/day than adults of C. undecimpunctata which recorded 24.8 individuals/day., The predatory efficiency was 22.7 individuals/day for the fourth instar larvae of C. septempunctata, slightly less than the predatory efficacy of 23.4 individuals/day for the first instar larvae, and the predatory efficiency was 25.5 individuals/day for the fourth instar larvae of C. undecimpunctata than the fourth instar larvae of 22.7 individuals/day for the ladybird a C. septempunctata. The first instar in the two types of ladybirds was less predatory than the rest of the insect's stages.
The Development of Ecopoetic Writing Activity Program with an Ecocritical Approach
Authors: Fatmawati Ira , Saryono Djoko , . Maryaeni , . Roekhan
Published: May 2022

The main background in this research is the difficulty of expressing ideas in critical thinking, the difficulty of choosing the right diction, and the increasing destruction to natural populations. The development of this ecopoetic writing activity program was expected to foster students' love for the natural surroundings, capability to think critically, and creatively. The basic framework of thinking used in writing ecopoetic is an ecocritical approach. The development of the activity program was carried out from the adaptation of Anderson's taxonomy of thinking, which starts with [1] remembering skills, [2] understanding skills, [3] applying skills, [4] analyzing skills, [5] evaluating skills, and [6] creating skills. The research method used was the R2D2 development model (Recursive, Reflective, Design, and Development). The poetry writing activity program was developed based on competencies, sub-competencies, and indicators. These activities were carried out on an ongoing basis. The results of the research validation were obtained from product testing activities. The validation activities were carried out by multimedia experts, practitioner experts, evaluation experts, technical experts, and course supervisors. The results of the validation indicate that the guidelines for writing poetry are appropriate for students' activity in writing eco-poetry, with several revisions being the basis for program improvement. Then, students whose scores are below the standard due to their difficulty in writing the right diction in critical thinking can take advantage of the ecocritical approach program that has been developed.
The Development of the Pronephros in Sailfin Fish Poecelia Latipinna
Authors: Reda Ruqaa Badr , Haba Mukhtar Khamis
Published: May 2022

This study included the development of the pronephros kidney in one invasive species in Iraq, the sailfin fish Poecelia latipinna which spread in the aquatic surfaces particularly the marshes which situated in the south portion of Iraq. This study depends on the length of the embryos. The bilateral progenitor pronephric cells appear in the mesodermal plate in embryo 1.5 mm in long. In embryo 2mm in long, the histological sections showed the occurrence of the progenitor cells with the precursors of the blood cells near the notochord and dorsal aorta. The undifferentiated pronephric tubules formed in the embryo 4mm in long and the pronephric kidney started to surround with connective tissue cells. In embryo 5mm in long, the histological sections appeared that the pronephric tissue completely surrounded by connective tissue to form capsule, the tubules differentiated to proximal and distal tubules and the glomeruli appeared as well, also the pronephric ducts were completed in this stage to fuse with the cloaca.
Effect of Adding Aqueos Extract of Pomegranate (Punica Granatum) Peel and Moringa (Moringa Oleifera) Dried Leaves Powder and their Mixture to Drinking Water in Carcass Characteristics and Some Immunological Tarits of Broiler Chickens
Authors: H.Q. Baqer , B.M. Ibrahim
Published: May 2022

Conducted this study in a field Poultry Birds, Animal Production Division-faculty of Agriculture-Karbala University for the period 3/27/2021 until 9/5/2021. To find out Effect of adding aqueous extract to pomegranate peel powder and leaves dried moringa and their combination in drinking water in characteristics of the carcass Some of the immunological characteristics for broiler used in this experiment180 broiler chicks of the breedRoss308 is not naturalized One day old The chicks were fed on a starter ration for 1-14 days from the age of the bird and a rationa second 15 -28 nodding and a bush Final for 29-42 days and a starting weight 41grumble/chick, and distributed bird distribution randomly on seven transactions Each transaction contained 30bird With three replications Each repeat contained 10 birdsIf the experimental parameters include the following: the first transactionT1 control treatment without any addition, second treatment T2 addition of aqueous extract to Pomegranate peels at a concentration of 50 ml / liter of water, the third treatmentT3 Addition of aqueous extract of moringa leaf powder at a concentration of 75 ml / liter of water, Fourth treatmentT4 add 75% aqueous extract of pomegranate peel powder Ml/liter with aqueous extract for powder Moringa leaves 25% ml/liter, Fifth treatment T5 Adding the aqueous extract of pomegranate peel powder at a concentration of 50% at a concentration (25 ml/L) with the aqueous extract of dried moringa leaf powder at a concentration of 50% at a concentration/L., Sixth treatment T6 add 25% aqueous extract of pomegranate peel powder With 75% aqueous extract of Moringa leaf powder. Results are shown moral improvement (p≤0.05) in carcass traits with morale high in the standard volumetric For antibodies directed against Newcastle disease and in the relative weight of the Fabricia gland, Thames, spleen and the Fabricia index. Compared to the control treatment Transactions are recorded T2T5 The best results in all the studied traits.
Response of Several Varieties of Spraying Wheat to Kinetin
Authors: Farhan Ammar B. , Abas Sinan A.
Published: May 2022

A field experiment was carried out during winter season of 2020-2021 at one of the fields of Al-Hamdhiya research station - College of Agriculture - Anbar University - Ramadi district in order to know the response of some growth traits, grain yield and its quality of several varieties of spring wheat to spraying of kinetin. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) according to split plots arrangement at three replications was used. The main plots were occupied by four concentrations of kinetin (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg L-1), whereas the sub-plots were occupied by three varieties of spraying wheat (Sham-6, Iba-99 and Bora). The results showed that the spraying of kinetin at a 100 mg L- 1was significantly superior inthe plant height (101.78 cm), flag leaf area (48.32 cm2), number of grains (57.58 grain spike-1), grain yield (6.542 ton ha-1) and dry gluten percentage (8.91%) compared with other concentrations. Also, Iba-99 variety was significant superior inthe flag leaf area (48.67 cm2), number of grains (62.71 grain spike-1), grain yield (7.185ton ha-1) and wet gluten percentage (28.50%) compared with other varieties.We conclude the possibility of using kinetin to improve the performance of bread wheat crop, as well as the possibility of using the Iba-99 variety on a large scale for agriculture in Iraq.
Assessment of Radiological Hazard to Background Radiations in Area about Kufa Cement Factory
Authors: Abbas Hawraa Hashim , Tarbool Mayyadah J. , . Abbas , Al-Noamany Hadi Abbas , Abojassim Ali Abid
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper is to determine the background of radiation in 30 locations around Kufa cement factory at Al-Najaf governorate. Experimental processing were done using portable dosimeter that production by Inspector Exp+ company. As well as, radiological hazard such as Annual Effective Dose Equivalent (AEDE) in outdoor and Excess lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) due absorbed dose rate in outdoor (Doutdoor) in all sites were determined. The results show that the average values of Doutdoor, AEDE, and ELCR for study sites were 0.01185±0.003 μSv/h, 0.015±0.004 mSv/y, and (0.058±0.018)×10-3, respectively. Accordingly, the results of Doutdoor, as well as AEDE, and ELCR, from all sites of study area were within the recommended global limitations of the UNSCEAR. Finally, one may conclude that there is no danger from background. radiations on human health in all locations of the present study.
Stem Cell with a Peri-implant Defects
Authors: Adel Ghadeer M. , Khalil Ahmed A. , Moustafa Ahmed A.
Published: May 2022

Periodontal regeneration aims are restoring of the destructed bone, cementum and periodontal ligament. The new strategies of regeneration is very challenging, one of these strategies is tissue engineering, including stem cells and it's considered very promising solution. This paper aims to review the use of stem cells for the treatment of peri-implant defects. Nowadays, many types of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability of periodontal regeneration in animal studies. The bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs), dental pulp stem cell (DPSC), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) are the most types that give very promising results in animal models.
Influence of Problem-based Learning in the Development of Critical Thinking - A Systematic Review
Authors: Lopez Ximena Cumanda Miranda , Cherrez Elsa De Los Angeles Hernandez , Miranda Deneb Sarahi Lozada
Published: May 2022

Methodologically this is a systematic review that it adopted the guidelines of the PRISMA statement, in which we performed a search gives of scientific papers published in the databases: Scielo, Scopus, Redalyc, WoS, and Google Scholar were published during the period 2015-2021 and address the influence of problem-Based Learning in the development of thought crítico of college students. The selection of documents is established as inclusion criteria: studies published in scientific journals, unknown studies that directly address the Learning-Based Probmore, contributions to novels on the subject matters covered and a format for Open Access. The selection process was conducted in two phases, which resulted in a total of fourteen articles reviewed and analyzed (n=14), which were studied and depending on the year of publication, country of origin, area of knowledge, methodology addressed and contributions to research. The review leads to the conclusion that the problem-Based Learning is influenced by psychological positives for the students, as it helps them to develop optimal skills that detach from the emotional intelligence.
Exploratory Study of Procrastination in Students of Initial Education of Ecuador
Authors: Bones Silvia Beatriz Acosta , Mocha Esmeralda Giovanna Zapata , Torres Angel Anibal Sailema , Paredes Segundo Victor Medina
Published: May 2022

In the research established the relationship between emotional intelligence and procrastination in students of preschool education of the public institutions of the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador; to give an answer to What kind of relationship exists between emotional intelligence and procrastination in students?, using an empirical approach, descriptive and correlational, adopting the systematic approach of the variables. It is confirmed that emotional intelligence has a direct negative effect on procrastination academics, backed up by the data from the sample of 226 students, which means that the higher the value of emotional intelligence, the lower the procrastination of students, and vice versa. In conclusion, academic procrastination tends to influence directly in the educational setting, affecting the academic performance and psychological well-being.
VAKSINASI COVID-19: HAK INDIVIDU ATAU KEWAJIBAN PUBLIK DALAM CIVIL SOCIETY?
Authors: Shadiqin Moch Thariq , Azhar Muhamad , Adiyanta F.C. Susila , Rohani Siti
Published: May 2022

Kehadiran negara sangat penting bagi masyarakat di saat Pandemi Covid-19. Negara memiliki otoritas untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan (welfare state) yang diwakili oleh pemegang jabatan berhak untuk melakukan diskresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui apakah vaksinasi merupakan hak individu atau kewajiban publik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setiap orang memiliki kebebasan dalam mengambil suatu keputusan apakah ingin dilakukan vaksin atau tidak. Namun, kebebasan individu dalam menyuarakan pendapat menolak vaksin dapat disampingkan untuk melindungi hajat hidup orang banyak.
Mir-485-5p on the Morphology and Function of Cardiovascular System
Authors: Zhang Delai , Nie Qian , Liu Yanru , Li Zaoying , Xie Wen , Jiang Li
Published: May 2022

Cardiovascular disease is a global problem that seriously endangers human health and life. At present, hypertension is considered to be a polygenic disease caused by the interaction of environmental factors and genetic factors. Various environmental factors have been proved to promote the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease. MicroRNA (miR), as an essential gene regulatory factor in vivo, has been confirmed to participate in the regulation of many cell pathways, and its abnormal expression is closely related to a variety of human diseases. MiR-485-5p is located at 7q22.1, which has been proved to play an essential role in the tumor and cardiovascular system. Therefore, this paper discussed the mechanism of miR-485-5p on the morphology and function of the cardiovascular system. It is believed that miR-485-5p will impact the morphology and function of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, in the current study, 1655 unrelated patients with cardiovascular system diseases were simulated and analyzed based on the above background. A double luciferase reporter gene detection system verified the combination of miRNAs target recognition. The results showed that miR-485-5p significantly inhibited the luciferase activity of pGL-miR-wt but had no effect on pGL6-miR-mut. The lack of miR-485-5p can promote the activation of cardiac fibroblasts. The findings of this study can provide a new understanding and direction for the study of cardiovascular system morphology and function.
Effect of biostimulants on soil characteristics, plant growth and yield of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) under field conditions
Authors: Ismaiel Shimaa Abdel Rahman , Khedr Fawzy Gamal , Metwally Amira Galal , Soror Abdel Fattah Salah
Published: May 2022

Because of the safe use of biostimulants as they are eco-friendly and modern technique for substituting chemical fertilizers which have negative impacts on the environment. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of two biostimulants, Spirulina platensis and Trifolium alexandrinum on soil properties, growth and yield of pea (Pisum sativum L.) grown under silty clay soil conditions. The field experiment was carried out during the winter season by applying each fertilizer to the cultivated soil at 3 concentrations (2.5, 5 and 10 g) either singly or in combination, forming 15 treatments in addition to control. It was found that the vegetative growth parameters as well as, yield components were significantly increased by two fertilizers applied singly or in combination. In comparison with control, the highest concentration of combined treatment (10 g) significantly increased shoot length, number of leaves, leaf area and number of branches by 145, 200, 300 and 100 % respectively. Furthermore, the combined treatment (10 g) showed the highest values of the number of pods (8), pod length (12 cm), no. of seeds (13) and dry weight of seeds (21.5 g), compared to control. Biostimulants boosted the plant growth and yield by enhancing the estimated parameters. Also, the physicochemical properties and mineral status of soil were improved after the application of the biostimulants. The current study indicates that the single and combined treatments of Spirulina platensis and Trifolium alexandrinum may potentially increase soil fertility and enhance the growth and yield of pea.
INERCJA ROCZNEGO ODPŁYWU CAŁKOWITEGO RZEK POLSKI WZGLĘDEM MIĘDZYROCZNEJ ZMIENNOŚCI PRZEBIEGU ELEMENTÓW KLIMATYCZNYCH
Authors: MARSZ ANDRZEJ A. , STYSZYŃSKA ANNA
Published: May 2022

The work discusses the formation of the annual total runoff of Polish rivers as a function of changes in the annual values of climatic elements. The results of the analysis show that in the years 1966–2015, 40–50% of the runoff variance in a hydrological year was determined by the variability of climatic elements that occurred in the preceding year, and 20–30% in the same year. This indicates the occurrence of much stronger inertia in the variability of the runoff in relation to the variability of weather conditions. The main elements influencing the variability of the runoff are the annual rainfall and the annual air temperature in the preceding year, and in the same hydrological year – the variability of annual rainfall, sunshine duration and air temperature. The runoff from the area of Poland shows a strong relationship (R = 0.82) with the de Martonne climate aridity indices, the variability of which in the preceding and the current year together explains ~66% of its variance.
Machine learning-based system for prediction of ascites grades in patients with liver cirrhosis using laboratory and clinical data: design and implementation study
Authors: Hatami Behzad , Asadi Farkhondeh , Bayani Azadeh , Zali Mohammad Reza , Kavousi Kaveh
Published: May 2022

Objectives

The aim of the study was to implement a non-invasive model to predict ascites grades among patients with cirrhosis.

Methods

In the present study, we used modern machine learning (ML) methods to develop a scoring system solely based on routine laboratory and clinical data to help physicians accurately diagnose and predict different degrees of ascites. We used ANACONDA3–5.2.0 64 bit, free and open-source platform distribution of Python programming language with numerous modules, packages, and rich libraries that provide various methods for classification problems. Through the 10-fold cross-validation, we employed three common learning models on our dataset, k-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and neural network classification algorithms.

Results

According to the data received from the research institute, three types of data analysis have been performed. The algorithms used to predict ascites were KNN, cross-validation (CV), and multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLPNN), which achieved an average accuracy of 94, 91, and 90%, respectively. Also, in the average accuracy of the algorithms, KNN had the highest accuracy of 94%.

Conclusions

We applied well-known ML approaches to predict ascites. The findings showed a strong performance compared to the classical statistical approaches. This ML-based approach can help to avoid unnecessary risks and costs for patients with acute stages of the disease.
Timing of delivery in antenatal fetal hydronephrosis: a snap shot social media survery of obstetric and fetal medicine practice
Authors: Corbett Harriet J. , Williams Ruby , Agarwal Umber
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To identify when obstetricians would deliver a fetus with antenatal hydronephrosis and normal liquor. Designed as snap-shot survey. Setting: Survey Monkey link. Population/sample were obstetrics and fetal medicine consultants who received the survey link via closed professional forums on the North West Coast Maternity Clinical Network, Facebook, and publicly on Twitter.

Methods

Survey link publicised as above, obstetric consultants were asked at what gestation would they deliver a fetus with antenatal hydronephrosis and normal liquor; and what criteria would they use to make that decision. Main outcome measures were number of years in practice, gestation at delivery, anteroposterior diameter (APD) of renal pelvis.

Results

A total of 44/102 respondents (43%) would deliver prior to 40 weeks (median no. of years as consultant 10 years [IQR 5–17]) vs. those who would not (median years as consultant 5.5 [IQR 3–12]). Re APD threshold of delivery: 17 indicated delivery if the APD were 20 mm, 10 if it were 21–30 mm and 16 if it were >30 mm. Re gestation at which they would deliver: 13 indicated 37–38 weeks, 13 indicated 38–39 weeks and 17 indicated 39–40 weeks. Reasons selected for delivery before term were obstetric anxiety n=2, maternal request n=2, maternal anxiety n=2 and concern about fatal renal damage/renal damage n=34.

Conclusions

A surprising number of respondents would consider early delivery of a fetus with hydronephrosis and normal liquor despite the lack of evidence of benefit. The evidence supporting term delivery means that early term delivery is only indicated for obstetric reasons in this scenario.
Credibility in the time of COVID-19: Cues that audiences look for when assessing information on social media and building confidence in identifying ‘fake news’ about the virus
Authors: Hinsley Amber , Ju Ilwoo , Park Taehwan , Ohs Jennifer
Published: May 2022

Navigating the COVID-19 pandemic has included parsing an overwhelming amount of information—much of it online. Many Americans have seen information on social media that they find confusing (Mitchell, Oliphant & Shearer, 2020) and recent research has found that social media use may contribute to greater likelihoods of believing misinformation about the virus and sharing ‘fake news’ about it (Su, 2021; Pennycook et al., 2020). Using a survey of U.S. adults, this research determined which social media platforms Americans rely on most when they search for information about COVID-19: Facebook, YouTube and Twitter. The present study also identified the credibility cues that people look to as they are trying to ascertain the veracity of COVID-19 information they come across on social media and that are predictors of helping them feel more confident in their own ability to identify credible information. Those significant cues—believability, authenticity, trustworthiness, reliability and objectivity—confirm previous research by Appelman and Sundar (2016) and Tandoc et al. (2018b). Educators, public health officials, and journalists are among the professionals who can use these findings to create more effective messages designed to assist people in making better health decisions.
Stein Aurél szövegeken alapuló földrajzi–régészeti felfedezései Dél-Ázsiában
Authors: Jeney Rita
Published: May 2022

Sir Aurel Stein’s name is best known for his archaeological discoveries along the Silk Road, and among Indians he is famous primarily as a Sanskrit scholar. However, the fact that during his research career Stein also made significant archaeological discoveries in South Asia is less known to the broader public, and less discussed in the scholarly literature. Between 1888 and 1943, Stein led several expeditions to South Asia with the goal to examine some historical geographical or archaeological question and, in many cases, he formulated his research question based on some written source. The goal of the following article is to discuss Aurel Stein’s geographical and archaeological expeditions in South Asia based on the nature of his written sources. An overview of these expeditions will allow a general description of Stein’s scholarly work in South Asia as well as a presentation of his role in the history of Indian archaeology.
Isolation, Metaphor, and Politics during COVID-19: The Case of the Dominican Republic
Authors: Herrera Cesar J.
Published: May 2022

In smaller nations, where evolving sociopolitical factors, cultural attitudes, and governmental responses may influence the biology of disease, epidemics have been largely understudied. The Dominican Republic possesses several factors relevant to the current COVID-19 pandemic: a warm climate, proximity to densely populated islands, a valuable tourist industry, remittances, a younger population, and strong social networks driven by physical affection. The country’s suboptimal health-care system and strained finances will also be key determinants of the effects of the pandemic locally.

Early in 2020, officials adopted a casual approach to COVID-19, which quickly turned into a structured effort of closing borders and implementing social distancing. Initial infections were attributed to affluent Dominicans returning from Europe; transmission quickly spread to low-income segments of the population, particularly towns with a high frequency of travel to the United States.

Popular and religious beliefs have surfaced: a “pilgrim” carrying a wooden cross traversed the island, reaching the coast to deposit it so the island would be free of COVID-19; deaths due to clerén intoxication, a drink similar to moonshine believed to possess curative powers; and the Catholic Church’s “aerial blessing” delivered via helicopter. Other metaphors emerged in common survival strategies: homemade masks and gloves sold in neighborhood colmados; cartoons and videos ridiculing commentators and scientists, notably divorced from reality; a town’s curfew violator rushing home on a horse while being chased by cops on motorcycles, etcetera.

The fate of the epidemic remains uncertain: limited testing, lack of compliance with isolation by the self-employed, suspected government corruption, and newly elected authorities create a complex scenario where Dominicans remain torn between reality and hope. Poetry and politics, and symbolism and representation, are counterparts on an island nation that has not looked inward during crises for some time.
Searching for Similarity
Authors: Devlieger Dana
Published: May 2022

Throughout the twentieth and twenty-first centuries regulations on expert testimony have sought to minimize the impact of disagreeing experts. Yet, disagreements between forensic musicologists still play a large role in contemporary music copyright decisions. This paper suggests that the disagreement between partisan experts is due, in part, to confirmation bias rather than ethical or financial allegiance. An expert hired by a plaintiff, or the party alleging copyright infringement, may start their analysis by searching for similarities between two works. On the other hand, an expert retained by the defendant, or the party denying infringement, may start their analysis by searching for differences. Given the multiple musical components present in even the “simplest” musical work, both starting points will lead to valid observations about the work, allowing for expert disagreement. This article uses a hypothetical case study to demonstrate the risk of confirmation bias in forensic musicology and concludes by proposing that appointing a panel of third-party musicologists to conduct forensic analyses from a neutral starting point could minimize the effect of confirmation bias in such cases.
Wooshing London
Authors: Lee Ji Eun
Published: May 2022

Ji Eun Lee, “Wooshing London: Unsettling Acceleration in H. G. Wells’s Tono-Bungay” (pp. 455–490)

This essay reads H. G. Wells’s Tono-Bungay (1909) in the context of “wooshing” London—I take the word from the story—to see how the unsettling effect of this rapid urban mobility translates into the generic form of the novel. At the turn of the twentieth century, London was wooshing—that is to say, people and things in the city were moving by being displaced into a rushing flow, unprepared and unconnected, as the city was taken by revolutionary forms of urban transportation such as pneumatic and electric tubes, trams, elevators, escalators, motor buses, and cars. The word “woosh,” which was first used around the time that this mobility came into being, denotes a quick rushing movement based on hydraulic flow, and linguistically it functions as an interjection or a void in the semantic and syntactic flow of a sentence. Tono-Bungay shows different modes of unsettlement pervading London such as the whirlpool, passing stream, and flood. Yet it presents “woosh”—the way in which the patent medicine Tono-Bungay works and moves in commerce—as the ultimate mode of unsettlement that disconnects and displaces the locus of movement. Likewise, in Tono-Bungay, there is no locus of agency in the process of urban walking or in the reading process disrupting the narrative syntax. By emptying out the individual locus in the disconnecting, accelerating flow of his narrative—as London does in its urban mobility—Wells revises the genre into a form that embodies the city’s unsettling power.
Estado, seguridad y derecho social. Trascendencia y límite de la intervención ciudadana contra la delincuencia
Authors: Ramírez Marcos Eduardo
Published: May 2022

La presente investigación estudia la experiencia de los ciudadanos de la Urbanización Las Brisas de Huachipa en el distrito limeño de Lurigancho ante la presencia de la delincuencia y el poco apoyo de las instituciones y actores del Estado encargados de enfrentar el problema. Se defiende la tesis de que una mejor capacidad del Estado en prevención y represión de la delincuencia mejora su relación con la ciudadanía. Los resultados de la investigación son aprovechados para reflexionar sobre la pertinencia de considerar a la seguridad ciudadana como un derecho social, buscando enfocar más y mejor la dimensión social del problema y mayores opciones desde el Estado para garantizar una vida digna a la ciudadanía.
Del paijanense al imperio Inca en el valle de Chicama
Authors: Tantaleán Henry , Tavera Carito , Campos Estefany , Gastello Mauricio , Osores Katty
Published: May 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal, presentar una síntesis de los diversos aportes que investigadores nacionales y extranjeros han realizado a la arqueología prehispánica del valle de Chicama, ubicado en el Departamento de La Libertad, Perú. Mediante el análisis de la literatura arqueológica publicada hasta la fecha, se presenta un balance y evaluación crítica del conocimiento actual sobre la historia ocupacional del valle bajo y medio de Chicama. Finalmente, se plantean nuevas problemáticas e hipótesis de trabajo para las futuras investigaciónes arqueológicas de este rico valle de la costa norte peruana.
La continuidad del poder terrateniente y los «godasos con fama de patriotas»
Authors: Figueroa Luna Guillermo , Figueroa Idrogo Jaisia
Published: May 2022

Combinando el estudio de fuentes publicadas con manuscritos de archivo, el artículo analiza algunas contradicciones entre la clase terrateniente, los campesinos llamados «indios» y la plebe en el movimiento independentista de la región Lambayeque del Perú, desde sus antecedentes hasta los años de 1820 a 1823. Se ha encontrado que la contradicción entre los trabajadores y la élite golpeó momentánea y parcialmente el poder terrateniente, abriendo una fisura en el sistema de opresión social. Pero esto no pudo ser aprovechado por las clases populares, pues éstas no tenían ni programa, ni organización, ni líderes experimentados; y muy pronto los terratenientes recobraron el íntegro de su poder. Algunos trabajadores llegaron a llamar a los nuevos gobernantes de la Independencia: «godasos (españoles) con fama de patriotas».
Guerra y etnografía política en Paita-Colán (1820-1823)
Authors: Espinoza Claudio César
Published: May 2022

La historia agraria y política de la provincia de Paita durante el siglo XIX es un tema que se encuentra en proceso de construcción. En la franja costera destaca San Lucas de Colán, una zona que actualmente carece de investigaciones sociológicas que estudien su formación espacial, sus dinámicas de la propiedad de la tierra, y su particular acontecer político regional. En el marco de los objetivos del Bicentenario nacional peruano, desde la sociología y la historia regional, presentamos este artículo que esboza un contexto donde encontramos varios actores sociales que nos brindan información sobre la marcha histórica de un valle y centro poblado rural norteño durante un tiempo borbónico virreinal que va transformándose debido a los complejos procesos para la construcción de un Estado republicano nacional. En esta ocasión, sistematizamos la información etnográfica que nos brinda René Lesson, un médico y naturalista francés que llega casualmente a las playas de Colán para r ecoger información botánica y zoológica, además de datos sobre la guerra que vivía la gente de Piura contra España, enmarcada en una exaltación patriótica por la marcha triunfal de Santa Cruz con su batallón piurano en Pichincha en 1822. La noticia del arribo de Bolívar para el mes de marzo de 1823 obligó a Lesson y sus compañeros franceses a retirarse precipitadamente hacia Tahití. Este escrito se basa en los resultados de un proyecto de investigación SIN-SIN (2021) presentado por el Grupo de Investigación «Afrodescendientes en Piura» y aprobado por el Vicerrectorado de Investigación de Investigación y Posgrado de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (VRIP-UNMSM).
Waldemar Espinoza Soriano y la construcción de una memoria e historia de Cajamarca para el siglo XIX
Authors: Espinoza Claudio César
Published: May 2022

El historiador sanmarquino Waldemar Espinoza Soriano ha publicado un libro cuyo título La Independencia del Perú en provincias. Lo que sucedió día a día en Cajamarca, Chota y Cajabamba. Análisis comentarios y documentación inédita (2021) cierra un ciclo de investigaciones realizadas entre los años 1957 y 2021. Durante este dificultoso tiempo por la pandemia de COVID-19, la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) (2018) y el Fondo Editorial de la Universidad Ricardo Palma (2021) difundieron la publicación mencionada, logrando una valiosa contribución académica y favoreciendo el debate en torno al Bicentenario nacional, abordando temas como la historia de las provincias que previamente conformaron la Intendencia de Trujillo, antes y después del periodo en el que gobernaron los Borbones.
Estimulación eléctrica en la expulsión de espermatóforos de Cryphiops caementarius según tamaños y estados de muda
Authors: Reyes-Avalos Walter , Mogollón-Calderón Anghela , Fuentes-Muñoz Adelhi
Published: May 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la estimulación eléctrica en la expulsión de espermatóforos de Cryphiops caementarius según tamaños y estados de muda. Se evaluaron camarones machos de 3.0 a 10.8 cm de longitud total, capturados en el río Lacramarca (Ancash, Perú) y mantenidos en acuarios (55 L). Para la expulsión de los espermatóforos se aplicaron choques eléctricos de 4 V (n=15), 6 V (n=12) y 8 V (n=6), sobre los coxopoditos del quinto par de periópodos (1-3 s y por 2-3 veces). La expulsión de espermatóforos se logró con 4 a 8 V, independiente del tamaño de los camarones, pero hubo mayor expulsión con 6 y 8 V en ejemplares de 5-8 cm de tamaño y en muda C, Do y D1. No hubo expulsión de espermatóforos en camarones en muda B con ningún estímulo eléctrico.
ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПАРАМЕТРІВ НАДХОЛОНОЇ СИСТЕМИ НАДДУВАННЯ БАКА ПАЛЬНОГО РУШІЙНОЇ УСТАНОВКИ
Authors: Мітіков Ю.О. , Васін М.І.
Published: May 2022

The study is focused on modern rocket engine fuel tank pressurization systems. These systems use the after burn oxidative generator gas principle. The rocket engine can throttle. The pressurization system type was changed during ‘Zenith’ and ‘Energy’ design based on meticulous mathematical modeling results. The transition from the traditional hot helium pressurization system to a newer one was performed. The new methodology got a ‘super-cold’ naming. The feature is helium input with cryogenic-temperature (90-50K) into fuel tanks. All the source data is available at the design stage for super-cold pressurization systems, unlike hot/traditional ones. The new system turns out to be 30% lighter. The super-cold system parameters improvement via experimental data analysis is set as a goal of this study. The experimental results are compared with mathematically modeled. The tank gas pressure sufficient convergence is shown. Some gas temperature differences are explained by gas temperature layering. The in-flight temperature decrease over fuel temperature did not exceed 70K. The temperature difference was decreasing as engine work was finishing. The input fuel temperature drop on the pump was not detected. The fuel upper bottom local temperature drop did not exceed 7 degrees based on two measurements. The difference between modeled and actual cylinder output helium temperature (up to 20K by the end of engine operation) was shown. The hypothesis explaining the fact is established. The modeling methodology assumes the equivalent tank diameter to be one equal to its volume. This leads to reducing the calculated (actual) heat exchange surface. The analyzed experimental data powers further super-cold pressurization system design improvement.
FEATURES OF THE ADAPTATION OF 3D PRINTED REGENERATIVE COOLING CHANNELS OF THE LPRE THROAT INSERTS
Authors: Vekilov S. Sh. , Lipovskyi V.I. , Marchan R. A.
Published: May 2022

For modern LPREs there is a general tendency to find new approaches to decrease manufacturing costs as well as increasing engine efficiency. This is grounded on the fact that classically, the design of LPRE components represents assemblies which consist of several complex parts joined together by means of specific technological processes. Particularly, throat inserts production often requires advanced machining of both inner wall and chamber jacket which are brazed to ensure the integrity of the obtained part. One of the possible ways to simplify the complex manufacturing technology of the throat inserts is the application of additive manufacturing methods. For instance, SLM (Selective Laser Melting) technology allows to partly exclude complex machining, welding and brazing from production cycle of the throat inserts. As a result, classically manufactured assembly transforms into single 3D-printed part and consequently, this has positive impact on system reliability while the time expenses reduce significantly.

The possibility of using the additive printing process for the manufacture of throat inserts of liquid-propellant rocket engines is investigated in this paper. A design was chosen for comparison based on the analysis of existing typical real designs of liquid-propellant rocket engines. The designs of the throat inserts are to be manufactured by means of SLM technology. Several 3D models with varying geometry features of cooling channels were designed. The obtained results made it possible to analyze new metal throat inserts of the liquid-propellant engines and compare them with those which were manufactured using traditionally used technologies. Comparative analysis allows us to study the main features of the SLM-manufacturing of the throat inserts of the liquid-propellant engine and propose the main ways of adaptation of the geometry of the cooling channels while taking into account the technological limitations of the chosen additive manufacturing method.
РОЗРАХУНОК ЗОНИ УРАЖЕННЯ ЗЕНІТНОГО РАКЕТНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ АЛГОРИТМУ БАГАТОКРИТЕРІАЛЬНОЇ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Чубаров А.М. , Шевцов В.Ю.
Published: May 2022

The kill zone is the main characteristic of the surface-to-air missile system, which characterizes, firstly, the combat capabilities of the system to hit targets of various types, and secondly, the energy capabilities of surface-to-air missiles to achieve targets, taking into account detailed calculation of the shape of the kill zone of the surface-to-air missile system is a time-consuming process, which without proper automation leads to unjustified time to perform. This article proposes a method of using a genetic algorithm with multicriteria optimization to automate the calculation of the kill zone of the surface-to-air missile system. The essence of the proposed technique is to find a set of pareto-optimal trajectories of a surface-to-air missile, the endpoints of which are the limit in terms of the ability to reach the aerial target with the necessary motion parameters and taking into account the range of target detection by fire-control radar of surface-to-air missile system. That is, one of the coordinates (the altitude or distance) of the boundary point can not be improved without the reducing of the other coordinate (the principle of pareto-optimality). This approach allows in the early stages of design to evaluate the kill zone of the surface-to-air missile system, being at design, and promptly implement effective technical solutions to increase its tactical and technical characteristics. Additional results of the calculation of the kill zone of the surface-to-air missile system according to the proposed method are data on the optimal launch angles of the surface-to-air missile, which can be taken into account when designing the launcher of the system, as well as data highlighting some features of surface-to-air missile flight.