bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Nonadherence to Dietary Prescriptions among Hemodialysis Patients, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Khattabi Ghanim Hamid
Published: July 2024

The nonadherence of hemodialysis (HD) patients correlates with morbidity and mortality. Despite severe consequences, noncompliance with their medical regimen is the norm for HD patients rather than the exception. Factors associated with nonadherence to dietary restrictions among HD patients have been explored in many studies; however, most were in Western countries and there is a remarkable paucity of studies in Saudi Arabia. HD patients have several features that put them at an increased risk of nonadherence to dietary restrictions, including prolonged, intensive treatment, and their medical regimens are easily determined with objective measures. This crosssectional study aimed to determine factors related to nonadherence to dietary restrictions among 361 HD patients randomly selected from HD centers in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Individuals were assessed for adherence using the End-Stage Renal Disease – Adherence Questionnaire in addition to clinical examinations and laboratory investigations. Female patients were more likely to be nonadherent to dietary restrictions. Adherence to dietary restrictions was relatively higher among non-Saudi patients, older people, those who are married, those with university qualifications, those who are employed, and those with higher monthly incomes; nevertheless, these differences were not statistically significant. Despite the relatively higher frequency of adherence to dietary restrictions among patients with a duration of dialysis of <60 months, hypertensive patients, patients with a previous kidney transplant, and those with a previous history of psychiatric illnesses, these differences were not statistically significant. Patients with factors associated with nonadherence to dietary restrictions deserve special attention and support to improve their adherence.
Comparison of Renal Function before and after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Egyptian Patients with Multiple Myeloma and Renal Insufficiency: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Morad Mohamed Abdelkader , Fahmy Omar , Marie Mohamed A. , Samir Eman , Abdullah Reham Emad Eldin
Published: July 2024

Renal failure is a common feature of multiple myeloma (MM) that occurs in 20%–40% of newly diagnosed patients with MM and is the result of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains. Many studies have examined the effect of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in MM patients with renal impairment and the safety of performing the transplantation in patients with renal failure. This study aimed to compare renal function before and after ASCT in Egyptian MM patients with renal insufficiency to evaluate the effect of ASCT on renal recovery. Our study included 31 MM patients with renal impairment out of 400 patients who met the criteria of the International Myeloma Working Group for symptomatic MM. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula was compared before and after the transplant. Only four patients (12.9%) were dependent on dialysis. Six of those with a history of hemodialysis (HD) who were either dependent on dialysis or dialyzed according to need achieved independence from HD. There was no significant correlation between the degree of renal impairment and the disease's status at the time of transplantation (P = 0.86). The study showed significant improvements in serum creatinine levels compared with its value before the transplant (P = 0.016) and in eGFR (P = 0.004). In total, 45% of patients achieved renal improvement, shown by a 25% increase in GFR above the baseline. There was a significant improvement of renal function after ASCT in MM patients with renal impairment.
Diagnostic Values of Immature Granulocytes Detected by the Sysmex XN 9000 Hematology Analyzer in Children with Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Cetin Nuran , Kocaturk Evin , Tufan Asli Kavaz , Kiraz Zeynep Kusku , Alatas Ozkan
Published: July 2024

Immature granulocytes (IGs) are used as markers of infection and systemic inflammation. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of IGs in children with urinary tract infections (UTIs). Children with their first UTIs were included in this observational study. Blood samples were obtained before antibiotic therapy. The blood analysis was repeated 2 weeks after the treatment ended. In total, 194 children (95 with febrile UTI, 58 with cystitis, and 41 controls) were included. The percentage of IGs (IG%) and IG count (IGC) measured at the time of admission were higher in the patients with febrile UTI than in the patients with cystitis and the controls (P = 0.000). The IGC and IG% after treatment were higher in patients with renal scarring than in those without scarring (P = 0.012 and P = 0.021, respectively). Cox's regression analysis showed the significant associations of renal scarring with both IGC and IG% (hazard ratio: 8.181, P = 0.002; hazard ratio: 5.106, P = 0.033, respectively). Both IGC and IG% were positively associated with severe vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) [odds ratio (OR): 22.235, P = 0.025; OR: 15.597, P = 0.038, respectively]. In conclusion, the IG% and IGC, which can be easily measured in a routine complete blood count without the need for additional effort, could be used as biomarkers for predicting febrile UTI, renal scarring, and severe VUR in children.
Serum Interleukin-18, Kidney Injury Molecule-1, and the Renal Resistive Index for Predicating Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Shaker Amr Mohamed , Mohamed Moataz F. , Thabet Karim K. , Ramzy Tarek , Abdelhamid Yasser M.
Published: July 2024

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that rises approximately 24–48 h before a diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI). Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is one of the most promising early biomarkers. It participates in the process of both kidney injury and healing, although the precise mechanism of the restoration of tubular integrity after injury still remains unclear. The renal resistive index (RRI) is used for evaluating changes in intrarenal perfusion occurring in renal parenchyma diseases. The study included 80 critically ill patients with sepsis, divided into 40 patients who developed AKI and 40 patients without AKI. All patients were evaluated through their history, clinical examination, laboratory investigations of serum IL-18 and KIM-1, and the RRI. Serum IL 18, serum KIM-1, and the RRI were significantly higher in critically ill patients with sepsis and AKI. Receiver operating characteristic analysis for detecting AKI 1 day after admission showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for serum IL-18 was 86.1%, the AUC for serum KIM-1 was 86%, and the AUC for the RRI was 88%, demonstrating statistical significance for the diagnosis of AKI within the next 24 h. Serum IL-18, KIM-1, and the RRI represent early predictors of AKI in critically ill septic patients.
Smell loss associated with SARS-CoV-2 is not clinically different from other viruses: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Miyake M M , Pereira Valera F C , Bragança Martins R , Compagnoni I M , Zilio Fantucci M , de Andrade Batista Murashima A , Costa Mendes da Silva L E , Melquiades de Lima T , Oliveira de Souza M V , Rezende Melo S , Landini Lutaif Dolci R , Gomes Floriano C , Correia de Campos C A , Nakanishi M , Subtil Magalhães Freire G , Lima Valente A , Fornazieri M A , Barbosa da Silva J L , Kanieski Anzolin L , Abrão Issa M J , Vasconcelos Souza T , Andrade Lima B , Druck Sant'Anna G , Burtet Abreu C , Sakano E , Justi Cassettari A , Ameloti Gomes Avelino M , Capuzzo Gonçalves M , Azevedo de Camargo L , Ricci Romano F , Dourado Alves R , Roithmann R , Kraemer Redeker N , Lopes Balsalobre Filho L , Soares Dass C , de Oliveira Meurer A T , Garcia D M , Casale Aragon D , Soares Tepedino M , Soares Succar A C , Vianna P M , dos Santos M C J , Ribeiro Filho R H , Macoto Kosugi E , Figueiredo Villa J , Lobato Gregorio L , Bejzman Piltcher O , Meotti C D , Tamashiro E , Arruda E , Anselmo Lima W T
Published: July 2024

Background: Although the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the prevalence of cases with olfactory loss, other respiratory viru- ses can also cause this condition. We aimed to compare the prevalence of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and other respiratory viru- ses in patients with sudden smell loss, and to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 viral load and co-infection on olfactory symptoms. Methods: Patients with sudden smell loss were recruited in a multicenter prospective cohort study in 15 hospitals in Brazil. Clinical questionnaire, Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) olfactory test and nasopharyngeal swab to perform a PCR-based respiratory viral panel were collected at first visit (day 0) and 30 and 60 days after recruitment. Results: 188 of 213 patients presented positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, among which 65 were co-infected with other respira- tory viruses (e.g., rhinovirus, enterovirus, and parainfluenza). 25 had negative test results for SARS-CoV-2. Patients in both SARS- CoV-2 and non-SARS-CoV-2 groups had objective anosmia (<2 points according to the psychophysical olfactory CCCRC) at day 0, with no significant difference between them. Both groups had significant smell scores improvement after 30 and 60 days, with no difference between them. Co-infection with other respiratory viruses, and SARS-CoV-2 viral load did not impact olfactory scores. Conclusion: Patients with sudden smell loss associated with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses had similar presentation, with most participants initiating with anosmia, and total or near total recovery after 60 days. SARS-CoV-2 viral load and co-infecti- ons with other respiratory viruses were not associated with poorer olfactory outcomes.
Supporting the learning process of LSP learners with a coaching-oriented approach: examples in the context of an international project
Authors: Szenich Alexandra , Asztalos Reka , Pal Agnes
Published: July 2024

A constant element of professional discourse on teaching methodology is the need for a change in pedagogical culture, which includes a shift from the traditional teacher-centred approach toward a teacher’s role that supports the learning process and gives more space to student choices. In the CORALL project conducted at our university we have promoted this change in pedagogical culture by developing and implementing a coaching-oriented approach. The main aim of this paper is to show what a coaching-oriented approach means in LSP teaching in the framework of an international university project and how the coaching-oriented approach is integrated in the material developed in the project. We have applied a qualitative analysis of the project material along the basic features of the coaching-oriented approach, including treating learners as partners, increasing transparency, developing learner awareness and encouraging reflection, as well as supporting language learners to make informed choices using their own resources. The main findings of the study underline that the coaching-oriented approach can be applied in teaching and learning LSP but also emphasise the need for a supportive environment and step-by-step implementation strategies for effective pedagogical transformation. Finally, the study illustrates how the CORALL project can be used as an inspirational model for change in the teaching methodology of LSP and other subjects.
Massive multi-fingered gangrene in a case of systemic scleroderma: a rare and disabling complication
Authors: Bayala Yannick Laurent Tchenadoyo , Nacanabo Martin Wendlassida , Sougrinoma Franck Romaric , Maiga  , Ismael Ayouba Tinni , Ismael Ayouba Tinni , Abdoul-Aziz  , Marcellin Bonkoungou , Zabsonre Wendlassida Joelle Stephanie Tiendrebeogo/ , Ouedraogo Dieudonne
Published: July 2024

This article presents a rare case of severe pluridigital digital necrosis in a Black African patient with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The 29-year- old woman, irregularly monitored for two years, was admitted with dyspnea and necrosis of fingers and toes. The necrotic lesions  involved multiple digits, affecting proximal phalangeal joints. Inflammatory markers were elevated, and echocardiography revealed intra- left ventricular thrombus and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The diagnosis indicated a systemic sclerosis flare with vascular and cardiac involvement. Treatment included corticosteroids, nifedipine, rivaroxaban, and antibiotics. Surgical intervention amputated  necrotic digits, and the background treatment was adjusted. The study highlights the rarity and severity of pluridigital digital necrosis in  SSc, emphasizing the need for meticulous medical and surgical management. After four months, stump healing was observed.  
 
French title: Gangrène massive à plusieurs doigts dans un cas de sclérodermie systémique : une complication rare et invalidante
Cet article présente un cas rare de nécrose digitale pluridigitale sévère chez une patiente noire africaine atteinte de sclérose systémique (SSc). Cette femme de 29 ans, suivie irrégulièrement depuis deux ans, a été admise pour dyspnée et nécrose des doigts et des orteils. Les  lésions nécrotiques touchaient plusieurs doigts, affectant les articulations phalangiennes proximales. Les marqueurs inflammatoires  étaient élevés et l'échocardiographie a révélé un thrombus intraventriculaire gauche et une hypertension artérielle pulmonaire (HTAP).  Le diagnostic retenu était une poussée de sclérose systémique avec atteinte vasculaire et cardiaque. Le traitement comprenait des  corticostéroïdes, de la Nifédipine, du Rivaroxaban et des antibiotiques. L'intervention chirurgicale a permis d'amputer les doigts nécrosés  et le traitement de fond a été ajusté. Cette étude met en évidence la rareté et la gravité de la nécrose digitale pluridigitale dans  la ScS, soulignant la nécessité d'une prise en charge médicale et chirurgicale méticuleuse. Après quatre mois, la cicatrisation du moignon  a été observée.
Monoarthrite aiguë récidivante du genou droit révélant une maladie de gaucher type I : à propos d’un cas au Burkina Faso
Authors: Tinni Ismael Ayouba , Yameogo Wendyam Nadege , Bayala Yannick Laurent Tchenadoyo , Savadogo Jean Emmanuel , Kabore Fulgence , Zabsonre/Tiendrebeogo Wendlassida Stephanie Joelle , Bonkoungou Marcelin , Ouedraogo Dieudonne
Published: July 2024

La maladie de Gaucher est la plus fréquente des maladies lysosomales. Nous rapportons un cas de maladie Gaucher révélé par une  monoarthrite du genou droit. Il s’agissait d’un patient de 56 ans, admis pour une monoarthrite aigue du genou droit hyperalgique et  invalidante évoluant depuis 3 semaines. L’examen notait une tuméfaction du genou droit, une augmentation de la chaleur locale, un  choc rotulien. La ponction articulaire du genou droit a ramené 55cc d’un liquide citrin. L’hémogramme notait une hyperleucocytose  neutrophilique, une anémie hypochrome microcytaire et une thrombopénie. La tomodensitométrie (TDM) corps entier notait des  infarctus osseux aux genoux et aux coudes. Le myélogramme avait retrouvé des amas histiocytaires de type cellules de Gaucher. Devant l’absence d’hémoglobinopathie ou d’hémopathie ainsi que de germes à l’analyse du liquide articulaire, aux hémocultures et à  l’uroculture, le diagnostic d’une crise aigüe articulaire de maladie de Gaucher type I a été retenu. La maladie de Gaucher est une maladie  de surcharge d’expression clinique très variable. Il faut y penser devant un infarctus osseux atypique.
 
English title: Acute recurrent monoarthritis of the right knee revealing Gaucher disease type I: a case report from Burkina Faso
Gaucher disease is the most common lysosomal disease. We report a case of Gaucher disease revealed by monoarthritis of the right  knee. This was a 56-year-old patient admitted with acute hyperalgesic and disabling right knee monoarthritis evolving for 3 weeks. Examination revealed an enlarged right knee, increased local heat and patellar shock. An arthrocentesis of the right knee yielded 55cc of citrin fluid. The blood count showed neutrophilic hyperleukocytosis, microcytic hypochromia and thrombocytopenia. Wholebody  Computed tomography (CT) scan showed bone infarcts in the knees and elbows. The myelogram revealed Gaucher cell-type histiocytic  clusters. In view of the absence of hemoglobinopathy or hematopathy as well as germs in joint fluid analysis, blood cultures and uroculture, the diagnosis of an acute joint attack of Gaucher disease type I was accepted. Gaucher disease is an overload disease with highly variable clinical expression. Atypical bone infarcts should be considered.
Discussion
Authors: Pila J.M. , Mumpasi H.B. , Nkodila A.N. , Masika Y.D. , Matonda T.M. , Situakibanza  , Situakibanza
Published: July 2024

No Abstract
Limestone rate affects potato bacterial wilt disease and Ralstonia solanacearum’s population in the soil in the Western Highlands zone of Cameroon
Authors: Fomara Melvis Bright , Ambang Agyingi Lucy , Leumassi Mbotchack Michel D'aquin , Kamdoum Keuete Elie , Djomo Sime Hervé , Temfack Deloko Carlos Dély , Djeugap Fovo Joseph , Mbong Grace Annih , Anoumaa Mariette
Published: July 2024

Potato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is one of the major constraints to potato production in Cameroon. In order to reduce yield losses due to BW, this study aimed at investigating the effect of limestone on bacterial wilt disease, and on the R. solanacearum’s population in the soil. Potato tubers were grown in pots in a screen house of the University of Dschang, from February to May 2021. The experimental design was a split plot design made up of three replicates of two potato genotypes (Dosa and Jacob2005), 05 limestone rates (14.7 g, 29 g, 44,1 g, 58.8 g and 73.5 g per plant) and 2 controls (no liming without inoculation and no liming with pathogen inoculation). Plants were inoculated with 25 ml of bacterial suspension, containing 108 CFU/ml. The bacterial population in the soil was assessed by counting colonies under microscope. Data were collected on BW incidence, bacterial population in the soil, soil pH, yield components and latent infection. The results showed that low BW incidence was associated with high rate of limestone in both genotypes. Limestone rate increased soil pH while reducing the pathogen population in the soil. The higher tuber weight/plant was obtained with limestone rate ≥58.8 g/plant. Liming enabled to avoid latent infection during storage. Thus, soil amendment with limestone at 58.8 g/plant can reduce R. solanacearum population in the soil and lower the impact of bacterial in the field as well as in the store in Dschang locality.
Promoting effective local participation in local decision-makingprocesses: Perspectives from sub-district structures in Karaga District, Ghana
Authors: Sanyare Francis Nangbeviel , Yakubu Abdul-Wahab , Bebelleh Frederick Der
Published: July 2024

The aims of decentralisation in Ghana are consistent with views that decentralisationpromotes good governance, increases community participation, and enhances local development. Consequently, decentralisation is purposed to stimulate meaningful local engagement in  needs-based government development agenda-making at thelocal level. This notwithstanding, local communities’ involvement in local government decision-making remains marginal. This paper examined the spacefor community participation in decision-making within  the Karaga District of Ghana. Theresults of concurrent mixed methods in a cross-sectional study, showthat nonfunctional local structures,  inadequate staff, and inadequate logistics criticallychallenged local community involvement in decision-making. The study  recommends an essential rethinking of this process in ways that offer opportunities for adeliberate strengthening of the capacities of  local structures to undertake their responsibilities. Appropriate strengthening strategies and logistics are requiredtobuild capacities for  effective performance. Raising local inhabitants’ awareness of the relevance of public policy for communal development would also help  prevent parochial partisan considerations from working against overall communityaspirations.
Interrogating the effectiveness of statutory bodies and state enterprises committee on budget oversight in Botswana: An exploratory study
Authors: Lesole Thato Queen , Dick-Sagoe Christopher , Odoom Daniel , Agyepong Lawrencia
Published: July 2024

This study explored the effectiveness of the Statutory Bodies and Public Enterprises (SBPE) Committee on budget oversight in Botswana.  The accountability theorygrounded this research. The study predominantly embraced a qualitative approachand an exploratory research  design to interrogate the effectiveness of theCommittee’s oversight function. It used both primary and secondary data  collection methods. In terms of primary data collection, interviews were conducted withkeystakeholders involved in the budget oversight  function. Additionally, the studyconducted a documentary review of relevant government reports, budgets, andfinancial statements to  supplement the information gathered frominterviews. Thematic analysis was conducted based on the data obtained. The study  observedthat the SBPE Committee was perceived as ineffective in undertaking its oversight responsibility. Poor accountability manifested  in various ways, including untimelyand inaccurate financial reporting. Also, inadequate technical expertise, funding, logistics,  low autonomy, lack of enforcement capacity, and poor separation of power impeded the Committee’s ability to perform its oversight  responsibility effectively. The research recommended constitutional reforms in Botswana that wouldempower parliament to follow  through on its recommendations and emancipatethelegislative arm of government from executive control and manipulation.
Employability skills and job performance of graduate students in developing countries: The moderating role
Authors: Opoku Felix Kwame , Arthur Dominic Degraft , Dankwah Musah , Mensah Emmanuel Awuku
Published: July 2024

Previous studies on employability skills and job performance utilised data fromemployers and students without paying attention to graduates who workconcurrently. These studies also presume that having acquired employability skills, one will perform on the job. According to other studies, this is far fromreality duetorecent mismatches between graduate skills and their jobs. Thus, questions  remainas to whether the link between employability skills and job performance has beenthoroughly investigated. Against this  background, the current study examinedthemoderation of skill mismatch on the relationship between employability skills andgraduate  job performance. Data were collected from 580 respondents and analysedusing PLS-SEM. It was revealed that skill mismatch moderates  this relationship. It was also indicated that the perceptions of graduates who work concurrently wereequally relevant for assessing this  link. Future studies were, thus, recommendedtoconsider the perceptions of graduates who work concurrently in their respective studies.
Towards Bui Reservoir Fisheries Sustainability: Perspectives of Riparian Community
Authors: Wahaga Esther , Asmah Ruby , Abban Edward Kofi
Published: July 2024

Sustainability after the creation of the Bui Dam has been problematic, with the Bui Power Authority (BPA) addressing the environmental,  economic, and social concerns related to sustainability. As a result, electricity generation and irrigationaremanaged to ensure long-term  social, economic, and ecological sustainability. Thestudy thus aims to advance societal progress by analysing the impacts of social,  economic, and environmental sustainability on both current and future generations, focusing on the concerns of reservoir stakeholders.  Approaches used were Formal Surveys guided by semi-structured interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), andKey Informant  Interviews (KII). Qualitative and quantitative data were collectedandanalysed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS).  Evidence showedthat fish capture, processing, and trade were critical economic activities that sustained residents and impacted their  economic, social, and cultural well-being. Fishers operated daily with unapproved and destructive gear such as hook-and-linetraps and  beach-seine nets, which were detrimental to the sustainability of thefisheries. The fishing pressure (1,500 fisher population and 2,000  canoes) was hostiletowards the sustainability of fishing in the reservoir. Recommendations weretorestrict the reserved reservoir  component, establish local fish catch monitoringstations, and build local fisher folk capacity to gather critical monitoringinformation.
Making light of the burden of economic hardship: A socio-pragmatic analysis of humour in Ghana’s post-COVID economic crises
Authors: Diabah Grace , Ofori Victoria
Published: July 2024

Ghana experienced worsening economic crises following the COVID-19 pandemic, but this was expected since the country was already facing economic difficulties prior to the pandemic. To deal with the increasing crises, the government sought support from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in July 2022. This sparked ridicule since they had criticised the previous government for seeking an IMF bailout. This study, therefore, offers a socio-pragmatic analysis of the humour surrounding this political discourse on Ghana’s post-COVID economic crises. By analysing linguistic and paralinguistic features from an under-studied context, i.e. humour research in Ghana and on crisis, we examine how netizens used humour to lighten the burden of the economic hardship and, more importantly, as a tool to critique political actors for their alleged roles in the country’s socio-economic challenges. Data was gathered from Facebook and Twitter. With reference to the bifurcation of the play frame, which distinguishes between serious and non-serious framing, we argue that the political humour that characterised Ghana’s economic crisis goes beyond ‘this is play’ and highlights citizen’s frustrations and loss of faith, not only in the current government, but also in political leaders in general. Thus, behind the veil of humour, Ghanaians reiterate the endemic nature of the problems, something which goes beyond what an IMF bailout can solve.
Examining Sino-Ghana relations and the role of the Chinese community in Ghana through (Auto)biography as a historiographic approach
Authors: Wang John Qiong
Published: July 2024

Although reference to the presence of the Chinese in Ghana might currently evoke instant thoughts on illegal mining activities and not so positive reactions, the relationship between China and Ghana transcends this sphere. China and Ghana have a longstanding six-decade history of political, economic, trade, and cultural exchanges. This research employs (auto)biography as a historical method to explore the personal narratives of Chinese individuals living in Ghana and their influence on Sino-Ghanaian relations. By taking a transcultural approach, the study examines these interactions at a micropolitical level, emphasising the Chinese community’s strategic contributions and cultural insights in shaping bilateral ties. This approach offers a comprehensive understanding of Ghana’s political, historical, and sociocultural evolution through the lived experiences of Chinese residents. Utilising a mixed-methods strategy, the research integrates a systematic review of six decades of journalistic discourse with five in-depth case studies of Chinese people in Ghana. The results reveal the profound impact of Sino-Ghanaian relations on Ghana’s post-independence changes. Politically, China’s emphasis on unity and shared anti-colonial traditions has strengthened their friendship and influenced Ghana’s national development. Economically, the introduction of Chinese technology and products has propelled modernisation. However, the long-term suitability of the “Chinese model” in Africa appears relatively favorable as one of the options for development. This study underscores the necessity for Ghana and other African countries to carefully select development paths and partners, balancing opportunities from China’s rise with the need for national sovereignty. The enduring historical connection between China and Ghana, marked by a community of a shared future, provides a robust foundation for bilateral relations grounded in mutual respect and cooperative development. The study contributes to Sino-Ghanaian scholarship and offers valuable insights for enhancing public diplomacy efforts between the two nations.
Exploring the semantic and pragmatic functions of modal auxiliaries: A case study of commencement speeches
Authors: Duku Berengar Irene , Broohm Obed Nii , ResCue Elvis
Published: July 2024

The use of modal auxiliaries in research articles and political speeches has been well investigated. The genre of commencement speeches, however, has yet to be investigated as far as the use of modal auxiliaries are concerned. In addressing the gap, the present study compares the usage of modal auxiliary verbs in commencement speeches of Ghanaian speakers with American speakers, and investigates the semantic contribution of the modal auxiliaries in the speeches. Additionally, the study also explores the speech act performed via the usage of the modal auxiliary verb and their pragmatic nuances in commencement speeches. The dataset for the study is a corpus of 51,447 words obtained from twelve (12) commencement speeches of the Ashesi University (in Ghana) and twelve (12) highly ranked American Universities. The study employed AntConc 4.0 to generate the instances of modal auxiliary usage in the data. Leech’s (2004) theory of modal auxiliary meaning and Searle’s (1969) Speech Act Theory were employed to identify modal meanings and speech acts performed in the speeches. The study highlights the vital role of modal auxiliaries and speech acts in encoding actions that speech acts inspire within the Ghanaian and American contexts. These include the can-do attitude of Ghanaians, on the one hand, and the need-to-cherish-family and keep close ties attitude of the Americans, on the other hand. The results show that relatively speaking, American commencement speeches employ more modal auxiliaries than Ghanaian commencement speeches.
ANFIS-based Indoor localization and Tracking in Wireless Sensor Networking
Authors: Tariq S.M. , Al-Mejibli I.S.
Published: July 2024

Localizing wireless sensor networks poses a persistent challenge in accurately determining sensor node locations based on known  anchor node positions, especially when nodes move between different locations. Conventional techniques like Trilateration, relying on  Received Signal Strength Indicators (RSSIs), frequently employed in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), serve the purpose of localizing  and tracking moving targets. However, the inherent nonlinear relationship between RSSI and distance often leads to substantial errors in  localization estimations. This paper introduces an innovative approach by proposing the utilization of an Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference  System (ANFIS) as a departure from the conventional RSSI-based method. This ANFIS-based approach aims to initially estimate the  locations of single moving targets in a 2-D WSN setup. Subsequently, these initial estimates undergo further refinement within an  Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). The results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithms in tracking targets,  showcasing high accuracy levels within a few centimeters is evident from the mean localization errors for standard RSSI, ANFIS, and  ANFIS+UKF, that the ANFIS+UKF framework can handle real-time target tracking issues in WSN utilizing RSSI (5.657, 0.805, and 0.068,  respectively). By contrast, the proposed method offers an impressive improvement of 98.797% over the standard RSSI method.
Comparative evaluation of serum amyloid A concentration in Red Sokoto bucks neutered using different procedures
Authors: Nev TO , Abidoye EO , Kadima KB , Kisani AI , Orakpoghenor O , Terfa AJ , Fadason ST
Published: July 2024

In this study, the changes in concentrations of serum amyloid A (SAA) induced by orchidectomy, Burdizzo castration, and in-situ spermatic cord ligation in Red Sokoto bucks were evaluated. Sixteen (16) Red Sokoto bucks, 6 months to one year old and weighing between 11kg and 12 kg, were randomly divided into 4 groups (A-D), each comprising 4 bucks. Bucks in group A were castrated using the Burdizzo method, B in-situ spermatic cord ligation, and C orchidectomy while group D served as control. Blood was collected from each buck, serum was harvested and analyzed for SAA at 0, 4, 8, 12, 15, 20, 24, 36, 48 and 72 hours post-castration. Results revealed significant increase (p=0.028) in the levels of SAA in all castrated goats from 4 hours post-castration, reaching peak concentration at 20 hours post-castration with the highest recorded in goats castrated by orchidectomy (63.34 ± 1.49 pg/mL; 120.44 ± 3.74 pg/mL), followed by in-situ spermatic cord ligation (25.08 ± 2.19 pg/mL; 109.77 ± 2.97 pg/mL) and then Burdizzo (61.36 ± 2.63 pg/mL; 87.29 ± 3.92 pg/mL). This was followed by a significant (p=0.041) decrease by 24 hours post-castration and non-significant (p=0.101) fluctuations up to 72 hours post-castration in all castrated bucks. In conclusion, all the castration methods induced changes in serum concentration of SAA, which was less marked in Burdizzo and in-situ spermatic cord ligation compared to orchidectomy.
Chemometric Analysis of essential oils from Tunisian Plants: Unravelling the Antifungal Potential against Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Rguez Safa , Grati-Affes Taycir , Yeddes Walid , Hammami Majdi , Hamrouni-Sellami Ibtissem
Published: July 2024

The utilization of essential oils (EOs) as biofungicides holds paramount importance in sustainable agriculture, offering an eco-friendly  alternative to synthetic fungicides. EOs, derived from plant sources, exhibit diverse and potent antifungal properties. This study presents  a comprehensive analysis of EOs derived from Tunisian plants, focusing on their composition and antifungal properties against Botrytis cinerea. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed diverse chemical profiles for each EO, with significant variations in  major constituents. Laurel oil emerged as the most potent, exhibiting remarkable inhibitory effects ranging from 3.33% to 95.72% across  different concentrations. Rosemary and sage oils demonstrated notable antifungal potential, especially at higher concentrations, while  citrus oil displayed milder inhibitory effects. The hierarchical clustering of EOs based on inhibition percentages highlighted distinct  clusters, emphasizing the superior antifungal properties of laurel, sage, and rosemary oils. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)  values further underscored the efficacy of rosemary, laurel, and sage oils, positioning them as promising agents for combating B.  cinerea. Correlation analysis between volatile compounds and MIC values identified compounds with strong negative correlations, indicating potential key contributors to antifungal activity. This study contributes valuable insights into the antifungal potential of EOs,  guiding future research on their mechanisms and applications in plant disease management.
Investigation of a Choke Valve Erosion in the Gas Lifted Systems
Authors: Mandilindi Kaindi , Marandu Simon I.
Published: July 2024

Erosion is one of the common causes of failure in subsea operations. However, erosion of subsea systems has many patterns, trends and uncertainties. This has led to production losses due to the failure of prediction of the useful life of the components in the gas lifted system. This work experimentally studied the effect of flow rate and pressure variations on the erosion of the choke valve in the gas lifted system by using flow streams containing either liquid or liquid injected with gas. Cameras installed on both sides of the erosion box captured images of the probe after every one second, followed by image analysis using the RGB model in MATLAB. Erosion consistently occurred after 120 minutes, followed by a significant reduction of the probe area with time. Severe erosion was observed on the liquid streams with no injected gas.  Differential pressure in the erosion box varied with higher flow rates.  High volumetric flow rates are found to increase erosion of the choke valve. Adding sand in the rig is crucial on establishing the trends of the erosion of the choke valve because of eminent production of sand in the matured gas wells.
Effect of Post-harvest Handling Conditions on Polyphenol Content and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Properties of Selected Ugandan Sweet Potato Varieties
Authors: Nabubuya Agnes , Byaruhanga Yusuf , Mwakha Ali , Narvhus Judith , Wicklund Trude
Published: July 2024

Sweet potatoes are rich in nutrients, including bioactive compounds like carotenoids and polyphenols. This study provided information on the effect of postharvest handling conditions; curing (direct sunshine) and ambient storage on the total carotenoids, total polyphenols and antioxidant activity of five Ugandan sweet potato varieties. The total carotenoid content was determined following Rodriguez and Kimura's method, while total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity were assessed using Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent and the FRAP assay, respectively. Findings showed significant variation in total carotenoids, total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of the different sweet potato varieties. There was an increase in total carotenoids in both cured (322 to 391 µg/100g) and non-cured roots (325 to 366 µg/100g), on average during storage. The total polyphenol content declined from 1.04 mg GAE/g (at harvest) to (0.42 and 0.47 mg GAE/g) in cured and non-cured roots, respectively, on average. The antioxidant activity was reduced from 8.74 µmol/g (at harvest), to 3.40 and 3.73 µmol/g in cured and non-cured roots respectively, on average. This study concluded that curing under direct sunshine decreases the polyphenols and antioxidant activities in all varieties but increases total carotenoid content, suggesting careful consideration of postharvest handling procedure before storage, for nutrient maximization.
The Analysis of a Co-Dynamic Ebola and Malaria Transmission Model Using the Laplace Adomian Decomposition Method with Caputo Fractional-Order
Authors: Yunus Akeem Olarewaju , Olayiwola Morufu Oyedunsi
Published: July 2024

The study presents a novel mathematical framework for addressing Ebola and malaria concerns in Sub-Saharan Africa that combines Laplace transformation with Caputo fractional order derivative. It takes into account socioeconomic aspects that influence disease dynamics and uses the basic reproduction number to quantify transmission dynamics. Extensive numerical simulations using Maple 18 software are used to investigate the effect of fractional order derivatives on disease dynamics. It shows how the Laplace-Adomian decomposition approach simplifies nonlinear equations and generates control solutions. It emphasizes the necessity of turning discoveries into concrete plans and encourages stakeholders to be proactive in implementing them. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of proactive disease management measures and the promise of novel approaches to treating infectious diseases.  Stakeholders may create a more resilient response to these health emergencies by working together to adopt these measures.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of goats slaughtered in Swali, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Ezenwaka Chinonye O. , Kolawale A. A.
Published: July 2024

Gastrointestinal parasites are considered the major disease-causing organisms of small ruminants (sheep and goats) in Nigeria. This study evaluated the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of goats slaughtered in Swali Abattoir, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Faecal samples collected from 100 goats were analysed for the presences of gastrointestinal parasites using formol-ether concentration technique. An overall prevalence of 34% was recorded during the study. Among the 61 female and 39 male goats examined, 27(44.26%) and 7(17.95%) were infected, respectively. The gastrointestinal parasites identified were Trichostrongylus species, Haemonchus species and Eimeria species; with Trichostrongylus spp. being the most prevalent (64.7%). Statistically, the result showed no significant difference with respect to age (p=0.06). Although a higher prevalence was recorded among the Kano breed (36.84%) than Red Sokoto breed (32.26%), the difference was not significant (p<0.05). Economic losses due to gastrointestinal parasitism are serious constraints affecting small ruminant production worldwide. Therefore, it is recommended that regular effective control measures should be employed and farmers should be educated on the proper use of anthelminthics.
Status of urinary schistosomiasis among residents of Ebonyi Local Government Area, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Okpeta Emmanuela C. , Ani O. C.
Published: July 2024

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease prevalent in the sub-Saharan Africa. The present study determined the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in Ebonyi Local Government Area, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Six hundred (600) mid-stream urine samples from 348 males and 252 females were collected from the study participants and screened for the presence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium ova using urine centrifugation microscopy. Out of the 600 urine samples examined, 408 (68.00%) were infected. Males were more infected 242 (69.54%) than females 166 (65.87%). The highest prevalence (85.15%) was observed among age group 11-20 years while age group 31-40 years had the least (36.00%). There were significant differences in parasite prevalence among age groups and sexes (p<0.05). It was also observed that 188 (31.33%) and 220 (36.67%) participants excreted < 50 eggs/10ml urine and > 50 eggs/10ml urine, respectively with an average infection intensity of 36.72 eggs/10ml urine. This baseline study for Ebonyi LGA shows that urinary schistosomiasis is a public health problem in the study area. Integrated control approach is therefore recommended to ensure significant reduction or possible elimination of the disease in the area.
Indian cuisine and intellectual property law
Authors: Grzybczyk Katarzyna
Published: July 2024

Artykuł dotyczy problematyki ochrony szeroko pojętej kuchni indyjskiej na podstawie przepisów prawa własności intelektualnej. Co do zasady, kulinaria nie są objęte taką ochroną, gdyż wbrew często używanemu określeniu „sztuka kulinarna” przygotowywanie potraw nie jest uznawane za działalność twórczą. Nie zniechęca to jednak kucharzy czy restauratorów do poszukiwania możliwości zapewnienia sobie wyłączności na przynajmniej niektóre elementy gastronomii. Problem ten dotyczy także kuchni indyjskiej – jednej z najpopularniejszych i najbardziej lubianych na świecie. W artykule przedstawiam możliwości ochrony na podstawie indyjskich regulacji dotyczących własności intelektualnej.

The article concerns the issue of protection of broadly understood Indian cuisine on the basis of intellectual property law. As a rule, the culinary is not covered by such protection because, contrary to the often used term “culinary art”, preparing dishes is not considered a creative activity. However, this does not discourage chefs or restaurateurs from looking for opportunities to ensure exclusivity of at least some elements of gastronomy. This problem also applies to Indian cuisine – one of the most popular and liked in the world. In the article, I present the possibilities of protection under Indian intellectual property regulations.
Legal protection of traditional medicine in India
Authors: Gregorczuk Karol Gregorczuk
Published: July 2024

Specjalistyczna wiedza medyczna zaczęła się rozwijać na obszarze subkontynentu indyjskiego już w czasach starożytnych. Obejmuje ona wiedzę, umiejętności i praktyki oparte na teoriach, przekonaniach i doświadczeniach kolejnych pokoleń, ukształtowanych w trakcie rozwoju historycznego. Tradycyjna medycyna indyjska nie jest jednolitym systemem, lecz dzieli się na kilka podsystemów, tj. Ayurveda, Siddha (medycyna tamilska), Unani (medycyna persko-arabska), Sowa-Rigpa (medycyna tybetańska). W tym przypadku wykorzystuje się w szerokim zakresie naturalne metody leczenia, takie jak m.in. ziołolecznictwo, oczyszczanie z toksyn i dietę. Ten szczególny dorobek dawnej myśli medycznej wymaga współcześnie przyjęcia adekwatnych instrumentów ochrony prawnej. Indie zainicjowały w drugiej połowie XX wieku działania mające na celu wprowadzenie regulacji prawnych dotyczących stosowania medycyny naturalnej. Dokonano instytucjonalizacji tej problematyki, powołując Centralną Radę Medycyny Indyjskiej w Departamencie ds. Ayurvedy, Jogi i Naturopatii, Unani, Siddha Medicine i Homeopatii (AYUSH). Rząd wspiera badania naukowe i podejmuje inicjatywy edukacyjne w obszarze tradycyjnej medycyny indyjskiej. Celem artykułu jest zrekonstruowanie modelu regulacji medycyny naturalnej w Indiach jako jej niematerialnego dziedzictwa kultury w kontekście rozwoju nowoczesnych technologii.

Specialized medical knowledge began to develop on the Indian subcontinent in ancient times. It is associated with information, skills, and practices based on theories, beliefs, and experiences of different generations. Traditional medicine in India is not a uniform system but is divided into several subsystems, i.e. Ayurveda, Siddha (Tamil medicine), Unani (Persian- Arabic medicine), and Sowa-Rigpa (Tibetan medicine). A wide range of natural healing methods is used, including herbal medicine, cleansing of toxins, and diet. This cultural heritage of medical thought requires the adoption of adequate legal protection nowadays. In the second half of the twentieth century India initiated efforts to introduce legal regulations concerning the use of natural medicine. Institutionalization of this issue was carried out by establishing the Central Council of Indian Medicine in the Department of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha Medicine, and Homeopathy (AYUSH). The government supports scientific research and undertakes educational initiatives in the field of traditional Indian medicine. The aim of this article is to reconstruct the model of regulation of natural medicine in India as part of its cultural heritage, in the context of the development of modern technologies.