bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Injury pattern of road traffic accident cases attending trauma centre of tertiary care hospital of North India
Authors: Singh Ranjana , Sachdeva Mandeep K. , Koushal Vipin , Aggarwal Sameer , Kaman Lileswar , Singh Apinderpreet , Kumar Ashok , Bala Neetu , Ranjan Priyadarshi
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

Injury is a significant global health burden and can result in mortality if not attended to on time. Trauma system refers to a collection of services provided by various super-specialties. According to the WHO-World Bank Report, RTA will rise from ninth place to the third biggest cause of mortality.

Materials and Methods:

The study was done at Advanced Trauma Centre (ATC) at PGIMER, a teaching hospital of north India. Study included area from most of the patient come for treatment (rural/urban) and injury patterns seen in these patients, which included mode of injury, type of injury, type of road accidents and location of injury.

Results and Observations:

In maximum cases, 60.2% (245) of the mode of injury was RTA. It was seen that the maximum number of patients, 44.4%, (115) had motorbike/scooter collisions with vehicles. In most patients, the type of injury seen was 35.9% (147) head, neck and back injuries, and in maximum cases, the location of the accident site was road/street 63.2%.

Discussion:

In our country, where the trauma delivery system is poorly developed, teaching hospitals have to bear the burden of treating many patients. No concept of emergency medicine or trauma care is in use, even in urban areas. As a result, teaching hospitals’ emergency departments receive many referrals for emergency conditions.
Trace class properties of resolvents of Callias operators
Authors: Fürst Oliver
Published: October 2023

We present conditions for a family

(A(x))_{x\in\mathbb{R}^{d}}

of self-adjoint operators in

H^{r}=\mathbb{C}^{r}\otimes H

for a separable complex Hilbert space

H

, such that the Callias operator

D=ic\nabla+A(X)

satisfies that

(D^{\ast}D+1)^{-N}-(DD^{\ast}+1)^{-N}

is trace class in

L^2(\mathbb{R}^{d},H^{r})

. Here,

c\nabla

is the Dirac operator associated to a Clifford multiplication

c

of rank

r

on

\mathbb{R}^{d}

, and

A(X)

is fibre-wise multiplication with

A(x)

in

L^2(\mathbb{R}^{d},H^{r})

.
A quantitative formula for the imaginary part of a Weyl coefficient
Authors: Reiffenstein Jakob
Published: October 2023

We investigate two-dimensional canonical systems

y'=zJHy

on an interval, with positive semi-definite Hamiltonian

H

. Let

q_H

be the Weyl coefficient of the system. We prove a formula that determines the imaginary part of

q_H

along the imaginary axis up to multiplicative constants, which are independent of

H

. We also provide versions of this result for Sturm–Liouville operators and Krein strings.

Using classical Abelian–Tauberian theorems, we deduce characterizations of spectral properties such as integrability of a given comparison function with respect to the spectral measure

\mu_H

, and boundedness of the distribution function of

\mu_H

relative to a given comparison function.

We study in depth Hamiltonians for which

\arg q_H(ir)

approaches

0

or

\pi

(at least on a subsequence). It turns out that this behavior of

q_H(ir)

imposes a substantial restriction on the growth of

|q_H(ir)|

. Our results in this context are interesting also from a function theoretic point of view.
Establishment and evaluation of a risk prediction model for gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lin Qing , Fang Zhuan-Ji
Published: October 2023

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease. Kidney involvement in patients with diabetes has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic to overt proteinuria and kidney failure. The development of kidney disease in diabetes is associated with structural changes in multiple kidney compartments, such as the vascular system and glomeruli. Glomerular alterations include thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, loss of podocytes, and segmental mesangiolysis, which may lead to microaneurysms and the development of pathognomonic Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules. Beyond lesions directly related to diabetes, awareness of the possible coexistence of nondiabetic kidney disease in patients with diabetes is increasing. These nondiabetic lesions include focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, IgA nephropathy, and other primary or secondary renal disorders. Differential diagnosis of these conditions is crucial in guiding clinical management and therapeutic approaches. However, the relationship between diabetes and the kidney is bidirectional; thus, new-onset diabetes may also occur as a complication of the treatment in patients with renal diseases. Here, we review the complex and multifaceted correlation between diabetes and kidney diseases and discuss clinical presentation and course, differential diagnosis, and therapeutic oppor-tunities offered by novel drugs.
Analysis of influencing factors and interaction of body weight and disease outcome in patients with prediabetes
Authors: Li Yan-Yan , Tong Lin-Ping , Wu Xian-Dan , Lin Dan , Lin Yue , Lin Xiao-Yang
Published: October 2023

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease. Kidney involvement in patients with diabetes has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic to overt proteinuria and kidney failure. The development of kidney disease in diabetes is associated with structural changes in multiple kidney compartments, such as the vascular system and glomeruli. Glomerular alterations include thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, loss of podocytes, and segmental mesangiolysis, which may lead to microaneurysms and the development of pathognomonic Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules. Beyond lesions directly related to diabetes, awareness of the possible coexistence of nondiabetic kidney disease in patients with diabetes is increasing. These nondiabetic lesions include focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, IgA nephropathy, and other primary or secondary renal disorders. Differential diagnosis of these conditions is crucial in guiding clinical management and therapeutic approaches. However, the relationship between diabetes and the kidney is bidirectional; thus, new-onset diabetes may also occur as a complication of the treatment in patients with renal diseases. Here, we review the complex and multifaceted correlation between diabetes and kidney diseases and discuss clinical presentation and course, differential diagnosis, and therapeutic oppor-tunities offered by novel drugs.
Indirect comparison of efficacy and safety of chiglitazar and thiazolidinedione in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Chu , Li Zong-Lin , Cai Xiao-Ling , Hu Sui-Yuan , Lv Fang , Yang Wen-Jia , Ji Li-Nong
Published: October 2023

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease. Kidney involvement in patients with diabetes has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic to overt proteinuria and kidney failure. The development of kidney disease in diabetes is associated with structural changes in multiple kidney compartments, such as the vascular system and glomeruli. Glomerular alterations include thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, loss of podocytes, and segmental mesangiolysis, which may lead to microaneurysms and the development of pathognomonic Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules. Beyond lesions directly related to diabetes, awareness of the possible coexistence of nondiabetic kidney disease in patients with diabetes is increasing. These nondiabetic lesions include focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, IgA nephropathy, and other primary or secondary renal disorders. Differential diagnosis of these conditions is crucial in guiding clinical management and therapeutic approaches. However, the relationship between diabetes and the kidney is bidirectional; thus, new-onset diabetes may also occur as a complication of the treatment in patients with renal diseases. Here, we review the complex and multifaceted correlation between diabetes and kidney diseases and discuss clinical presentation and course, differential diagnosis, and therapeutic oppor-tunities offered by novel drugs.
Copper Powder 99.0 Cu, Minimum As Fabricated
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: October 2023

This specification covers elemental copper in the form of powder (see 8.5).
Laboratory Measurement of the Airborne Sound Barrier Performance of Flat Materials and Assemblies
Authors:   Acoustical Materials Committee
Published: October 2023

This SAE Standard presents a test procedure for determining the airborne sound insulation performance of materials and composite layers of materials commonly found in mobility, industrial, and commercial products under conditions of representative size and sound incidence so as to allow better correlation with in-use sound insulator performance. The frequency range of interest is typically 100 to 10000 Hz 1/3-octave band center frequencies.

This test method is designed for testing flat samples with uniform cross section, although in some applications the methodology can be extended to evaluate formed parts, pass-throughs, or other assemblies to determine their acoustical properties. For non-flat parts or assemblies where transmitted sound varies strongly across the test sample surface, a more appropriate methodology would be ASTM E90 (with a reverberant receiving chamber) or ASTM E2249 (intensity method with an anechoic or hemi-anechoic receiving chamber).
J1939 Digital Annex
Authors:   Truck Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Published: October 2023

This document is intended to supplement the SAE J1939 documents by offering the SAE J1939 information in a form that can be sorted and search for easier use.
E/E Diagnostic Test Modes: Zero Emission Vehicle Propulsion Systems on UDS (ZEVonUDS)
Authors:   Vehicle E E System Diagnostic Standards Committee
Published: October 2023

This document is intended to satisfy the data reporting requirements of standardization regulations in the United States and Europe, and any other market that may adopt similar requirements in the future. This document specifies:

a

Message formats for request and response messages.

b

Timing requirements between request messages from external test equipment and response messages from vehicles, and between those messages and subsequent request messages.

c

Behavior of both the vehicle and external test equipment if data is not available.

d

A set of diagnostic services, with corresponding content of request and response messages.

e

Standardized source and target addresses for clients and vehicle.

This document includes capabilities required to satisfy OBD requirements for multiple regions, model years, engine types, and vehicle types. At the time of publication many regional regulations are not yet final and are expected to change in the future. This document makes no attempt to interpret the regulations and does not include applicability of the included diagnostic services and data parameters for various vehicle applications. The user of this document is responsible to verify the applicability of each section of this document for a specific vehicle, engine, model year, and region.

SAE J1979-3 specifies diagnostic services, and both functionally addressed and physically addressed request/response messages required to be supported by motor vehicles and external test equipment for diagnostic purposes which pertain to motor vehicle emission-related data. Any external test equipment meeting the requirements of SAE J1978 is intended to be able to use these messages to retrieve ZEV propulsion-related information from the vehicle.

The structure of this document is based on the structure of SAE J1979 for the convenience of users familiar with SAE J1979. Each section of this part of SAE J1979-3 which specifies additional detail to existing sections of ISO 15765-4 and SAE J1979 supersedes those specifications for their use under the scope of SAE J1979-2. When applicable, a reference to respective sections in SAE J1979-2 is made in this document.

SAE J1979-3 references SAE J1979DA, which includes all Data Identifiers and Routine Identifiers.
Personality in History and History of a Personality: A View from Russia on the Role of Getúlio Vargas in the Fate of Brazil
Authors: Kuznetsov D. A.
Published: October 2023

Book Review: Martynov B.F. Getulio: a novel-biography. – Moscow: MGIMO University, 2022 (in Russian). – 458 p.
Game-based learning in pharmacy education: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Kanaan Seham , Dabbous Mariam , Akel Marwan , Lteif Rebecca , Rahal Mohamad , Sakr Fouad
Published: October 2023

Background: Studies have shown improved learning outcomes using game-based learning (GBL) in health professions education. The aim of this systematic review was to explore and summarise the current evidence related to the design, assessment methods, and outcomes of implementing GBL in pharmacy education. It also aimed to determine and the impact of gamified learning activities on students’ perception and attainment of the desired learning outcomes.
Methods: A comprehensive search was undertaken using the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline was used for reporting this systematic review.
Results: A total of 22 studies involving pharmacy students were included. GBL was utilised for a variety of pharmacy-related topics or courses including major and elective didactic courses and pharmacy practice experiences. Evaluation of GBL activities was mostly based on post-game surveys or/and quizzes. All studies showed a positive impact of game-based learning on pharmacy education.
Conclusion: GBL has an important role in pharmacy education in both didactic and practicum courses. Findings show that the benefits of GBL are prominent through different areas of the pharmacy curriculum and in all professional pharmacy years.
Developing and evaluating the effectiveness of wound-healing compounds based on cationic peptides and fullerene
Authors: Galkina AA , Bolyakina DK , Shatilova AV , Shatilov AA , Babikhina MO , Golomidova AK , Andreev SM , Shershakova NN , Khaitov MR
Published: October 2023

Skin and soft tissue infections following surgical procedures are usually caused by a broad range of bacteria and are the major cause of septic complications and hospital mortality. Treatment of such wounds is a challenge often resulting from the transition from acute to chronic inflammation due to persistence of pathogenic microflora in the wound tissue. The study was aimed to assess the wound-healing activity of the ointment composition based on the dispersion of fullerene C60 (AFD) in the in vivo model of skin wound, to estimate the effects of AFD on the expression of cytokines as markers of regenerative processes, to determine antibacterial activity of the developed cationic peptides. AFD was obtained by tangential ultrafiltration and used to make an ointment composition. The BALB/c mice were used to model the skin injury. The cationic peptides (CPs) were synthesized by the solid-phase method using the Fmoc technology. Antibacterial effects of CPs and AFD were estimated by colony counting. It was found that the AFD-based ointment exerted wound-healing and anti-inflammatory activity. The minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of the CPs most active against the E. coli Dh5α strain, AB-1, AB-2, AB-3, and ST-10, were 1.15, 0.11, 0.74, and 0.74 mM, respectively, while MBC of ampicillin was 0.7 mM. We assume that constructing the hybrid compounds/fullerene C60 conjugates with active CPs will be a promising area of the development of drugs for treatment of wounds complicated by bacterial infection.
Innovating Vietnamese Education in the Context of Industrial Revolution 4.0: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Faculty of Foreign Languages - Social Sciences, Ba Ria - Vung Tau University, Vietnam, Do Nguyet, Thi Nhu , Thi Hieu Le Thao, ,   Faculty of Foreign Languages - Social Sciences, Ba Ria - Vung Tau University, Vietnam, Xuan Vu Huong, ,   (PhD) Dean of the Faculty of Foreign Languages - Social Sciences, Ba Ria - Vung Tau University, Vietnam
Published: October 2023

The rapid advancements in technology brought about by the Industrial Revolution 4.0 are driving the need for significant changes in education systems worldwide. In this comprehensive review, we have analyzed the effects of Industry 4.0 technologies on education and examined the challenges faced by the Vietnamese education system in embracing innovation. Our search of major databases has yielded 12 relevant studies conducted between 2015 and 2022. The findings reveal that technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data analytics, the Internet of Things, and mobile learning have transformative potential. However, Vietnamese education is currently lagging behind in terms of digital integration and innovation. Challenges exist in areas such as curriculum development, teaching methods, infrastructure, teacher preparedness, and management mechanisms. To address these challenges, we recommend reforms to learning objectives, contents, and methods, as well as the training of teachers in digital competencies. Additionally, upgrading facilities and equipment, decentralizing school governance, and fostering international cooperation are crucial steps. It is imperative for Vietnam to comprehensively prepare for Education 4.0 in order to enhance its human capital and competitiveness. Furthermore, further empirical studies are needed to explore the implementation of educational innovations.
COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREM FOR COMPATIBLE MAPPINGS OF TYPE (P) IN MULTIPLICATIVE CONE METRIC SPACE
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal –462016,Madhya Pradesh, India., Saluja A.S. , Jhade Jyoti ,   Department of Mathematics, Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal –462016,Madhya Pradesh, India.
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we introduce the notion of compatible mappings of type (P) in multiplicative cone metric space and prove a common fixed point theorem for two pairs of compatible mappings of type (P) with multiplicative normal cone setting. Also, we give an example to show the validity of our result.
Dacryostenosis: Clinical Evaluation, Surgical Management and Long-Term Outcomes in a Prospective Cohort
Authors:   Universidad Anáhuac Querétaro. Santiago de Querétaro, México., Guerrero Juan Manuel , Suárez Ana Karen Altamirano ,   Universidad Anáhuac México Norte. Naucalpan de Juárez, México., Díaz Diego Ochoa ,   Universidad Autonoma De Tamaulipas. Facultad de Medicina de Tampico “Dr. Alberto Romo Caballero”. Tamaulipas, México, Sandoval Vania Bárbara Escobedo ,   Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco., Gomez de Alba Saulo Emmanuel ,   Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco., Contreras Humberto Rodríguez ,   Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
Published: October 2023

Dacryostenosis, a chronic ophthalmologic condition characterized by partial or total obstruction of the lacrimal drainage system, has been the subject of in-depth scrutiny in the medical literature. This article aims to comprehensively investigate dacryostenosis from a clinical and surgical perspective, providing a comprehensive analysis of its etiology, clinical manifestations, and available treatment options. Through a critical review of the current literature and presentation of data from a prospective cohort of patients, we explore state-of-the-art diagnostic modalities, such as magnetic resonance dacryocystography and optical coherence tomography, which have revolutionized the evaluation of dacryostenosis. Regarding surgical management, traditional techniques, such as dacryocystorhinostomy, are discussed, together with the latest innovations, such as endoscopic dacryoplasty and intranasal balloon dilatation. A detailed comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques is presented, along with their success rates and associated complications. Finally, long-term outcomes are examined, including improvement in patients' quality of life, symptom reduction, and durability of surgical interventions. This article provides a comprehensive view of dacryostenosis, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to its management and the pivotal role of surgery in restoring tear function and ocular well-being.
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis, A Case Report: Challenges and Advances
Authors:   Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital General Regional #1 Vicente Guerrero del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Acapulco de Juárez, Guerrero, Mexico, Martínez Maya Gabriela , Carbajal Jorge Sotelo ,   Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital General Regional #1 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico, Jiménez Alejandra López ,   Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital General Regional #1 Vicente Guerrero del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Acapulco de Juárez, Guerrero, Mexico, Pastrana José Manuel ,   Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital General Regional #1 Vicente Guerrero del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Acapulco de Juárez, Guerrero, Mexico, Ledezma Arnold García ,   Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital General Regional #1 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico, Zamora René Edivaldo Hernández ,   Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital General Regional #1 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Published: October 2023

Infective endocarditis on valve prostheses accounts for 10-30% of all cases of endocarditis, with an in-hospital mortality of 20-40%. It is present in approximately 1-6%4 of patients with valve prostheses, with an incidence of 0.3-1.2% of patients per year. We present the case of a patient who underwent his third sternotomy secondary to acute heart failure due to dysfunction of the mechanical prosthesis, rupture of the annulus and severe paravalvular leak.
Quality Assurance and Safety Culture in a Healthcare Organization
Authors:   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Ali Almalki Mazen Abdullah , shlash Alanazy Abdulaziz Ali ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Ja’far Alenzi Sultan Mohammed ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Mirsan Alharbi Ziad Dubess ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Alanazi Reem Ghazi ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Al alhareth Ali Mesfer Dafer ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Hamadi Hamad Mohammad ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Mahdi Al yami Awad Husein ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Al alhareth Hadi Mesfer Dafer ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Mutlaq Alanazi Nawaf Khuzayyim ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Aldawsari Saeed Murdhi Saeed ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
Published: October 2023

Patient care and quality management have as one of their primary focuses ensuring the safety of their patients. The four principles of biomedical ethics presented by Beauchamp and Childress are one quality management paradigm that emphasizes the importance of the patient. The Institute of Medicine's six improvement goals capture the essence of excellent medical treatment. Care, money, and health are the three pillars upon which the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's Triple Aim rests. The present review was written with the aforementioned contexts in mind, with the intention of highlighting the system's initiatives to address various efforts of enhancing quality and patient safety. We provide a reflective overview of healthcare legislation, policy, and regulation with special attention paid to the ideas of informed consent and informed refusal. This analysis also details the steps taken and regulations enforced by the administration and management to provide care that is focused on the individual patient. Finally, we discuss model policies like the Delivery System Reform Incentive Payment Program, which incorporates quality management frameworks, the Hospital-Acquired Conditions Reduction Program, which promotes patient safety, and the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program, which aims to reduce hospital readmissions.
Legal Protection of Intellectual Property Rights Intellectual Property Rights in the Field of Patents According to Law Number 13 of 2016
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Universitas Bhayangkara Surabaya, Indonesia, Hidayat Ahmad
Published: October 2023

This study analyzes the Indonesian patent legal system and the comparison of legal protection against simple patents. Descriptive normative juridical research method that uses a statutory approach supported by a theoretical approach. In this case, Law No. 13/2016 on Patents is studied using legal theory to study the comparison of legal protection available for simple patents in the Indonesian patent legal system. The results show that several mechanisms and principles of legal protection are seen in the regulatory standards that still adhere to the principles of the WTO/TRIPs Agreement. Indicators of infringement that are important in the settlement of simple patent disputes are related to (1) the introduction of the invention in the claim supported by the description of the simple patent, (2) identifying competitors' inventions before the date of acceptance; and (3) anticipating prior art against inventions that are considered not new for each claim unit of the patent to be invalidated, so that at least it can provide an overview of the settlement of patent cases in the future.
CLUBHOUSE AS VIRTUAL COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE FOR NON-NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKERS TO PRACTICE
Authors: Zahra Fatimah Az , Yappi Shierly N.
Published: October 2023

Clubhouse application, since it is found, becomes the popular application to practice English. It is because it is easy to use worldwide as well as provides good features and a community system. This case study investigated whether the Clubhouse application could become a virtual community of practice (VCoP) and motivate non-native English speakers (NNES) to speak within the community system. The data were collected through questionnaires with a Likert scale and semi-structured interviews. The participants were the members of the Smart and Easy English club, one of the biggest English clubs in the Clubhouse, who come from Morocco, Afghanistan, and Indonesia. The results revealed some points including 1) Based on the club system, Clubhouse can become an ideal IDLE for VCoP; 2) Clubhouse application motivates the NNES to practice English in the VCoP depending on the features and system used by the club or community; 3) The leadership role in the club does not influence the NNES to practice on Clubhouse as VCoP. The study concluded that Clubhouse is a virtual community of practice which features and community system motivate non-native English speakers to practice English regularly. The findings suggested that the Clubhouse application can be used by English instructors to enable their learners to have English-speaking practice in VCoP. The results of this study may be advantageous for English-speaking course developers with contemporary channel practice.
Where is the Sport Science in American Football?
Authors: Gleason Benjamin , Ward Patrick , Hornsby William
Published: October 2023

Despite enormous revenue production and a recent trend of investment in sport medicine research, American football has yet to make a measurable investment in sport performance science research. As a result, available knowledge is presently skewed toward technical and tactical domains, with very little knowledge development occurring in other areas within the sport science realm. In this editorial, we discuss plausible contributing factors to the current situation, and suggest ways to resolve this issue and move forward for the betterment of the sport.
Advancing Green Nanotechnology: Harnessing the Bio-reducing Properties of Musa paradisiaca Peel Extract for Sustainable Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Ikhuoria Esther Uwidia , Uwidia Ita Erebho , Okojie Rachel Obhade , Ifijen Ikhazuagbe Hilary , Chikaodili Ikechukwu Dorris , Fatiqin Awalul
Published: October 2023

A green synthesis method utilizing Musa paradisiaca peel extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent was employed to produce iron oxide nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were extensively characterized using FTIR, XRD, DLS, SEM, EDX, and TEM techniques. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of iron metal and functional groups derived from the peel extract. XRD results indicated the presence of magnetite (Fe3O4) and/or maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) phases, signifying a high degree of crystallinity. DLS analysis provided valuable insights into the size distribution and polydispersity of the nanoparticles, revealing an average particle diameter of 43.35 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.612. SEM examination uncovered the presence of aggregated formations, where irregularly shaped nanoparticles exhibited either close packing or loose association, resulting in the formation of larger aggregates. These environmentally friendly iron oxide nanoparticles could potentially hold great promise for a variety of biological applications, including the potential for drug delivery and antimicrobial applications.
Letter from Indianapolis – American Chemical Society Meeting Spring 2023
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Former Open University Tutor, UK, Roberts John
Published: October 2023

With the theme of the conference being Crossroads in Chemistry the organizing committee, in their infinite wisdom, decided to place my article “Is there a role for the Periodic Table as Chemistry embraces Multidisciplinary Science and Quantum Field Theory?” in the last section of the History of Science Division on Wednesday 29th March. In one sense it was most appropriate; when at a crossroads one is looking back at the way you have travelled and looking forward to the way ahead with all its challenges using the experience and knowledge acquired on the way - a curious and open mind being an essential prerequisite. Many presentations described in forensic detail the work of individuals, relatively unknown, who have made crucial contributions to the development of science going back some three hundred years or more. Yet the above article seeks to make history by looking forward some one hundred and fifty years or more to a place where the periodic table and its cousins begin to describe nature as a complementary family of tables incorporating two fundamental cycles within the Universe. Will they ever be testable I hear you ask?
Farm Fair Voices, Space, History, the Middle Ground and 'the Future' of Rural Communities
Authors: Halsey John
Published: October 2023

This article is essentially written as two linked parts. The first part considers how space, spatiality and history can contribute to understanding and 'doing something about‘ the sustainability of rural communities. This is done by extensive reference to Soja‘s (1989 & 1996) space and spatial theorising and selective perspectives of history from Williams (1973) and Davison (2005). Essentially I think of space, spatiality and history as a set of conceptual tools for achieving some new traction on the enduring issue of the sustainability of rural communities, and this is the spirit in which the first part of the article is offered. The second part of the article is an overview of the Mapping of Rural Communities project in South Australia and the findings from one data collection site, the Karoonda Farm Fair in the Mallee Region of the state, together with some analysis of findings using space, spatiality, history and White‘s (1999) middle ground concept to generate suggestions about what education may offer in terms of 'The Future‘ of rural communities.
I have used 'The Future‘ of rural communities instead of 'sustainability‘ at various times to accentuate the problematic nature of sustainability being a likely outcome, 'going forward‘. As well, 'rural‘ is used as a collective term for locations that are other than capital cities and the remaining population centres in Australia of 100,000 or more. I am aware this is somewhat of a broad-brush approach to defining rural but it is adequate for the purposes of this article; for detailed discussions about defining rural contexts and their characteristics see Walton (1993), Griffith (1996), Mulley (1999), Hugo (2005) and Halsey (2009).
Educating for Sustainable Rural Futures
Authors: Bartholomaeus Pam
Published: October 2023

Classrooms and their pedagogy have historically been characterised by a disconnection from the community outside, and this trend is particularly problematic for rural schools (Bryden & Boylan, 2004; Corbett, 2006). There is reduced encouragement for teachers to connect classroom and community with the current focus on standardised testing, national curriculum, and guidance on teaching strategies, all developed for students in general, without reference to local place. However, rural students differ from their metropolitan peers, particularly in their cultural and social experiences, and in the nature of their physical surroundings. For these reasons most rural students have few opportunities to bring their experiences to their learning in school, nor do they always have the background knowledge that will assist with their comprehension of texts and learning to produce texts that fulfil a particular purpose.

Whether or not students attending rural schools decide to remain in their rural community it is important they develop good literacy abilities so they and their community can prosper in the future. Rural students need to learn to become critical thinkers, able to use initiative, to be creative and effective communicators, and entrepreneurial (Darling-Hammond, 2010). A means for engaging rural students with quality literacy learning is place-based education, a pedagogy that puts place at the centre. With this approach students can be given the opportunity to pursue questions relevant to their local place, or identify questions that are important to themselves and their local place. In this way students can also develop stronger ties with and understanding of their local place and of themselves. This paper will consider some examples of place-based learning, and outline ways this approach can promote learning, and benefit the community outside the school.
How Relevant are Australian Science Curricula for Rural and Remote Students?
Authors: Lyons Terry , Quinn Frances
Published: October 2023

This paper reports findings from the Choosing Science study (Lyons & Quinn, 2010) indicating that Australian Year 10 students in small rural or remote areas tend to regard their science lessons as less relevant than do students in larger towns and cities. Specifically, those in small rural or remote schools were significantly more inclined than their city peers to disagree that what they learned in science classes ‘helped them make sense of the world’. They were also significantly more likely to strongly agree that they found science lessons boring, and to strongly disagree that science was one of the most interesting subjects. Potential explanations discussed include a mismatch between science curriculum content and the everyday experiences of students in these regions, the relative shortage of experienced specialist science teachers in rural or remote areas and a lack of opportunities to demonstrate the relevance of school science, among others. The paper considers the implications of these findings in relation to the Australian Science Curriculum and whether it is likely to better address the needs of rural and remote students.
Connections of Place and Generation
Authors: Nye Adele
Published: October 2023

This paper reports on a project that explores the stories of women teachers in four rural public high schools in northwest New South Wales. It has been driven by a curiosity about women’s workplace experiences in schools with a focus on career progression, care, leadership and mentoring. Using qualitative in-depth interviews the project draws from feminist poststructuralism and uses analytical tools based on narrative inquiry and situated knowledges. The findings will contribute to a dialogue on reciprocity, generational teachers, gender inequity, professional autonomy and agency.
Pregnant women’s knowledge of Tetanus disease and immunization against Tetanus disease in the City of Baghdad
Authors: Ishraq Ahmed Chiad  , Ban Yousif Yaaqoob
Published: October 2023

Objective: To estimate the understanding of tetanus and tetanus toxoid injections among pregnant women.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Baghdad General Hospital and a primary healthcare centrein Bab-Almuadham, Iraq, from November 15, 2020, to January 15, 2021, and comprised 100 pregnant women aged15-45 years. Data was gathered through face-to-face structured interviews using a complete self-assessmentquestionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 27.Results: Of the 100 women with mean age of 28.4±10.6 years (range: 15-44 years), 27(27%) were aged 20-24 years,70(70%) were from the urban areas, 40(40%) had primary education, 69(69%) were housewives, and 85(85%) had hadfull or partial tetanus toxoid vaccine doses. With respect to knowledge about tetanus disease, 60(60%) subjectsanswered correctly that tetanus is a serious disease, 52(52%) knew that tetanus infection could also kill the foetus,and 30(30%) recognised that tetanus produces significant side effects. Besides, 80(80%) women considered the vaccinea necessity, and the most common source of information about tetanus vaccination was the health authorities 76(76%).Conclusion: The pregnant women studied were found to have an acceptable level of knowledge about tetanus andtetanus toxoid immunisation.Keywords: Pregnancy, Tetanus, Clostridium tetani, Asymptomatic infections, Tetanus toxoid, Nervous system,Demography, Uterus, Foetus
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Pre-adolescence school children at Al- Nasiriya city, Iraq
Authors: Rawaa Kamel Abd  , Sameeha Naser Abd  , Makki Hasan Kadhim  , Sana Rouis  , Mahdi Boutrif
Published: October 2023

Objective: To examine the sociodemographic factors and determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity amongstudents in their early adolescent years.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at four governmental intermediate schools located in Al-Nasiriyacity of Thi-Qar Governorate in Iraq from January 2 to February 15, 2021, and comprised students of either gender aged12-14 years. Data was gathered using a self-designed questionnaire. Body mass index was calculated after measuringthe subjects’ weight in kilograms on a properly calibrated digital scale and their height in centimetres on an appropriatetape meter scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.Results: Of the 218 subjects, 124(56.88%) were girls and 94(43.12%) were boys. Overall, 100(45.87%) subjects wereaged 13 years. There were 71(32.56%) overweight and 30(13.76%) obese subjects. Age and gender were significantlyassociated with body mass index (p<0.05).Conclusion: Students in their early adolescent years were relatively more likely to be overweight and obese. Age andgender had a correlation with body mass index.Keywords: Overweight, Body mass, Paediatric, Obesity, Demography.
Evaluation of cytotoxicity and Apoptotic effects of Simarouba glauca on the Prostate Cancer Cell Lines PC3
Authors: Omar Sadik Shalal  , Sajjad Mohsin Irayyif
Published: October 2023

Objective: To investigate the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of simarouba glauca on prostate cancercell lines PC-3.Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Iraqi centre for Genetic and Cancer Research from 15th Januaryto 20th June 2021. The evaluation was designed through apoptotic and membrane depolarisation assays. Methanolextract at 0.29ug/ml, 29ug/ml and 290ug/ml doses were used, while rifampicin acted as the positive control anddimethyl sulfoxide acted as the negative control. Real time gene expression was also done to evaluate the levels ofmessenger ribonucleic acid expression. Data was analysed using SPSS 16.Results: The methanol extract inhibited 50% of the PC-3 cells at a mean concentration of 35.24±0.23ug/mL comparedto 15.31±1.83ug/mL for positive control. The extracts pushed PC3 cells significantly into early apoptosis comparedto the positive control (p<0.05). The extracts greatly boosted the percentage of mitochondrial membrane potentialdepolarisation. Methanol extract was found to under-express both vascular endothelial growth factor A by 5-fold andarachidonate 5-lipoxygenase by 4-fold compared to positive control (p<0.05).Conclusion: Simarouba glauca methanol extracts were found to differentially control proliferation and apoptosis incancer cell lines PC-3.Keywords: Methanol, Plant extracts, Gene expression, Prostatic neoplasms, Phytochemicals, Drug design.
Landasan Implementasi Ekonomi Syariah Dalam Perspektif Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah
Authors: Muhit Mugni , Athoillah Mohamad Anton
Published: October 2023

Islam as a doctrine will certainly be the main foundation in every human activity that has claimed and positioned Islam as its belief. It is with this doctrine that all activities are guarded and regulate all forms of human activity universally and comprehensively, between humans as creatures and God as Creator and humans as His fellow creatures. A Muslim who needs a means of living, of course, will not be able to avoid all kinds of activities related to the economy, therefore as Muslims in their economic activities they must be based on God's doctrine to achieve prosperity and benefit. For this reason, the purpose of this research is to examine in more detail the transcendent basis of Islamic economics from the perspective of Maqāṣid al-Shari'ah, so that in its implementation, the economic welfare of Muslims increases to become a benefit that has a positive impact on other benefits.

 Keywords: Foundation, Implementation, Islamic Economics, Maqāṣid Sharī'ah
Efektivitas Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi dalam Meningkatkan Peluang Kerja di Balai Besar Pelatihan Vokasi dan Produktivitas Kota Bandung
Authors: Zalfa Lis Haliza , Adji Widwi Handari
Published: October 2023

Bandung Vocational and Productivity Training Center (BBPVP) is a Government Training Institution Central Technical Implementation Unit (UPTP) under the Directorate General of Training and Productivity Development, Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia, in accordance with Ministerial Regulation No. 21 of 2015 issued by the Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia. BBPVP Bandung is responsible for implementing initiatives related to the development, empowerment, and certification of training personnel, instructors, and workers. On February 23, 1952, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Colombo Plan Program launched BBPVP. An area of approximately 3 hectares became the location of BBPVP Bandung on Jalan Jenderal Gatot Subroto No. 170. BBPVP was established as an effort to spread vocational training facilities so that those whose homes were in remote areas could still access them. Examining the relationship between the BBPVP competency test and the caliber of applicants is the main objective of this study. The research approach was quantitative and descriptive. Questionnaires and written records were used to compile the data. Based on the findings, BBPVP is an effective tool to improve the overall standard of the workforce. This was determined from the data collected through questionnaires administered to 64 respondents.

Keywords: Effectiveness of Professional Certification Bodies. Job Opportunities
A Study on the Effect of Eu3+ dopant on Physical and Photoluminescence Properties of Zinc Phospho-Sulfo-Tellurite Glasses
Authors: Ephraim Garba M , Akut Anna , Markus Gloria , Wancy Thomas L , Daniel Isaac H
Published: October 2023

In this paper, the effect of substituting europium (Eu3+) ion on physical and photoluminescence properties of zinc phosphor-sulfo-tellurite glasses is reported for the first time. The glass matrices with novel compositional range of 10ZnO–40TeO2–10SO3–(40-x)P2O5– xEu2O3 were synthesized by convectional melt-quenching route and characterized via density and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The non-linearity properties of these glasses was ascertained and dependence of red emission performance under λex= 394 nm excitation wavelengths disclosed bright red emission at λem. = 612nm. The concentration quenching phenomenon was observed after a particular value of europium ions (beyond 2 mol %). Thus, 2 mol% of Eu3+ in the glass composition was identified as the optimized concentration for the design and development of solid state red laser and color display devices.
Evaluation of Briquettes Produced from Four Selected Sawdusts Combination at Quaternary Levels
Authors: Mayere Abdulkarim , Shekarau Aaron L
Published: October 2023

The objective of this paper is to evaluate briquettes produced through quaternary level
combination of four types of common sawdusts from major wood sources. This was achieved by producing seven briquettes made up of four primary sawdusts and three from combinations of all primary saw dusts in rations of 25% each, 60/40 rations of A and B and C and D and vice versa (i.e. 40/60 %). The sawdust samples are from four different wood species; Terminalia superba (Afara), Khaya ivorensis (Mohagany), Anogeissus leiocarpus (Marke) and Isoberlina doka (Ububa/Doka). The samples of the sawdust were collected from selected sawmills in Kaduna, Nigeria. Proximate analysis was applied when evaluating the produced briquettes. The results of proximate analysis for the seven sawdust briquette samples tested shows the range of values as; moisture content is 4.3 – 5.0%, ash content (0.7 – 4.2)%, volatile matter (81.5 – 90.8)% and fixed carbon (7.7 – 18.0)%. Calorific Values (CV) are within the range of (17.202 – 18.933) MJ/Kg. The results of proximate analysis of all seven sawdust briquette produced shows that heterogeneous sawdust samples at quaternary levels (or perhaps even at higher levels) of combination do not necessarily produce briquette with much higher CV, as shown in difference between the highest and lowest CVs obtained with a difference of 1.072 MJ/kg.
Integrated Geoelectric and Hydrochemical Methods to Evaluate Groundwater Pollution in
Azikoro, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Yemanai Bunonyo T , Oritsebemigho Ulori , Obhuo Esther P
Published: October 2023

This paper presents an investigation on the contamination potential of ground water using integrated geoelectric and hydro chemical methods within Azikoro, Yenagoa, Bayelsa state, Nigeria. The SAS 1000 ABEM Terameter was used to acquire the field data and IPI2win was used to obtain three geoelectric layers result for the 1D VES point; with depth of 0 m, 0.91m and 2.03m and thickness of 0.91m, 0.12m respectively with corresponding resistivity of 0.027 m and 0.00079 m, to show the subsurface lithology and water bearing level. RES2DINV was used to interpret the data for the 2D imaging, with results indicating contamination spread in profile 1 and 2 at depth of 6.94m and 9.94m respectively. Water samples from two boreholes, near and after the vicinity of the cemetery were analyzed for electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), phosphorous, nitrates, chemical oxygen demand (COD), potassium, sodium, sulfate and chloride. From the result obtained conductivity is very high due to low resistivity. The water sample results were compared with World Health Organization (W.H.O) permissible limit standard which indicated that the water is safe for consumption within the period of investigation.