bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maut erhöht Preisdruck bei Lebensmitteln
Authors: Deglow Hans-Jürgen
Published: September 2023

Die Erhöhung der LKW-Maut ab Dezember hatte das Bundeskabinett im Juni beschlossen. Doch über den Startzeitpunkt und die Ausgestaltung gibt es Streit.
Pricing erhöht seinen strategischen Stellenwert
Authors: Herberg Ruth
Published: September 2023

Lieferkettenprobleme und die Inflation führen dazu, dass Pricing heute für einige Unternehmen wichtiger ist als noch vor ein paar Jahren. Das geht aus der fünften Auflage der empirischen Untersuchung der Privaten Hochschule Göttingen (PFH) hervor.
Funsch plant Photovoltaikanlage
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: September 2023

Marzipanspezialist Funsch startet an dem neuen Standort in der Oberpfalz durch. Der Bau ermöglicht ein prozessorientiertes Arbeiten auf einer Ebene.
Minister mit Plan gegen Klimawandel
Authors: Pehl Patrick
Published: September 2023

Berlin. Bundeslandwirtschaftsminister Cem Özdemir (Grüne) hat auf der Domäne Dahlem in Berlin die Erntebilanz 2023 präsentiert. Sein Fokus: der Klimawandel und seine Auswirkungen auf den Agrarsektor.
Warnsignale im Bewerbungsgespräch
Authors: Brust Martin
Published: September 2023

Gersfeld/Rhön. Das Bewerbungsgespräch dient dem Kennenlernen: Unternehmen wollen künftige Beschäftigte prüfen. Aber Bewerberinnen und Bewerber sollten es ebenfalls nutzen, um möglichst viel über ihren künftigen Arbeitgeber zu erfahren – und um eine schlechte Stelle zu erkennen.
Weniger Weizen und Raps eingefahren
Authors: Schultz Olaf
Published: September 2023

Frankfurt a.M. In diesem Jahr wurden in Deutschland durchschnittliche Ernteergebnisse erzielt. Es gab starke Schwankungen je nach Region und Anbaukultur, so das Bundesagrarministerium (BMEL).
LITIGATION AND LEGITIMACY IN ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIONS IN THE LIGHT OF INFRACONSTITUTIONAL LEGISLATION
Authors: Medeiros Pirangy de Souza Karina , Zoim da Silva Edilene , Souza da Silva Levy , Eduarda de Souza Rodrigues Maria , Reis Costa Rayandra , Pirangy de Souza Alexandre , Pires Fonseca Marcello
Published: September 2023

Environmental actions often involve conflicts of interest between companies that seek to maximize their profits and local communities that seek to protect their environment and quality of life, with an explicit asymmetric relationship between those involved, both due to the population’s lack of knowledge and the influence of large corporations. The purpose of this summary is to analyze the legitimacy of filing environmental actions in the light of infraconstitutional legislation in order to ascertain the accessibility of filing demands to the population. To this end, an analytical study will be presented, presenting the main characteristics regarding the proposition of environmental demands, in order to demonstrate the possibilities brought by the legislation. In addition, a document analysis of laws, rules and regulations related to the filing of individual and collective claims was carried out. In view of the results obtained, it is concluded that despite the legislator’s intention to provide the individual with the possibility of litigating individually or collectively, this is hampered by the population’s lack of information and the lack of resources to pay for the progress of processes of this magnitude.
Ecological assessment of spatial variation and seasonal dynamics of N2O and CH4 flows from soil in urban conditions
Authors: Spuny Marina , Tikhonova Mariya , Kuzov Nikolay , Patutin Artem
Published: September 2023

The article considers the ecological assessment of the seasonality of greenhouse gas emissions such as methane and nitrogen oxide (I), their spatial variation depending on the microrelief, which affects the conditions of humidification, in urban conditions in the planting of Purple Willow (Salix purpurea) at the Ecological Station of the Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow State Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev. The assessment took into account indicators such as soil temperature and humidity, which are the determining characteristics in the intensity of emission fluxes of methane and nitrogen oxide(I) from soils. The dependence of seasonality on the emission of N2O and CH4 fluxes in various microrelief variants in the plantings of the Purple Willow (Salix purpurea) in the city has been established. Keywords: GREENHOUSE GAS FLOWS, EMISSION OF GASES INTO THE ATMOSPHERE, URBAN SOILS, NITROUS OXIDE, METHANE, CLIMATE CHANGE, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS INVENTORY
Multiplex PCR detection of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chickens, humans, rodents, and soil in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Sonola Valery S. , Katakweba Abdul , Misinzo Gerald , Matee Mecky I.
Published: September 2023

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a zoonotic pathogen with public health and veterinary importance. We investigated the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence genes (VGs) in 57 multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. aureus isolated from humans (n=17), chickens (n=14), rodents (n=13), and soil (n=13) using multiplex PCR. Overall, the distribution of ARGs revealed that the tetK was found in 18/57 (31.6%), mecA in 16/57 (28.1%), tetL in 5/57 (8.9%), and ermC in 1/57 (1.8%), while ermA and tetM were not detected. For VGs, the clfB was found in 6/57 (10.5 %), coa in 8/57 (14.0%), clfA in 3/57 (5.3%), hlg in 1/57 (1.8%), ebpS in 2/57 (3.5%), fnbB in 2/57 (3.5%), luk-PV in 6/57 (10.5%) and tst in 1/57 (1.8%). Resistance genes (tetK and mecA) and virulence determinants (clfB, coa, and luk-PV) were common in all sample sources, while tst, hlg, and fnbB were specific to human, chicken, and rodent isolates, respectively. Erythromycin phenotypic resistance results correlated with the presence of ermC (r=0.42), tetL (r=0.98), and mecA (r=0.51), while tetracycline resistance correlated with tetL (r=1.00) and mecA (r=0.57) genes and methicillin resistance correlated with mecA (r=0.55) and tetL (r=0.98) genes. Positive correlations were noted between ARG (ermC) and VGs; clfA (r=0.57), hlg (r=1.00), and clfB (r=0.43), and between tetK and clfB (r=0.39); tetK and coa (r=0.36) genes. Principal component analysis (PCA) shows that tetL, ermC, and mecA contributed to tetracycline, erythromycin, and methicillin resistance, respectively. The widespread presence of resistance and virulence genes, often in combination, among MDR S. aureus in isolates from humans, chicken, rodents, and soil samples require comprehensive One-Health interventions.
EFFICACY OF BLENDED LEARNING IN INDIAN ELT: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Authors:   The Sanjeevna Institute of Career Advancement, New Delhi, Dixit Sulabha
Published: September 2023

Blended learning in Indian ELT presents several opportunities and obstacles. It provides a more personalized learning experience and access to a wide range of learning resources, promotes engagement and collaboration, provides a flexible learning schedule, and improved effectiveness of language instruction. The increasing importance of English in the globalized world and India`s growing economy have led to a significant demand for English language education in the country. However, the diversity of linguistic backgrounds among students and the lack of qualified and trained teachers pose significant challenges for ELT in India. limited access to technology and lack of teacher training can negatively impact the implementation of blended learning in India. To overcome these obstacles, it is important to provide teachers with the necessary training and support to effectively integrate technology and blended learning methods into their instruction.
WAR AND WOMEN: AN ANALYSIS OF T D RAMAKRISHNAN’S SUGANDI ALIAS ANDAL DEVANAYAKI
Authors:   Mar Athanasius College (Autonomous), Kothamangalam, Simon Akhila
Published: September 2023

War has so far been an institution led by men. Women are not usually assigned the identity of a warrior in the times of war, even though they make significant contributions. They are viewed as powerless when it comes to their roles during wartime. Their participation in the war is never appreciated and is ignored by comparing their service with those of men. Their ability to fight for their nation, to be part of an organization and to be in a political sphere are largely restricted by the patriarchal society. The traditional role of women in war is as a victim. Sexual assaults have become a war tactic and the victim’s often face stigmatisation and exclusion. The Sri Lankan Civil War between the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and the Sri Lankan state in 1983 brought women to the warfront. The dissertation titled War and Women: Analysing T D Ramakrishnan’s Sugandhi Alias Andal Devanayaki focuses on deconstructing the notion of women as a submissive victim of war to that of a strong warrior using T D Ramakrishnan’s political novel Sugandhi Alias Andal Devanayaki. The article gives the historical background of the novel and examines the involvement of women in the LTTE organization. It also points out how rape and suicide bombing was widely employed by men in power to subside women in the society. The resistivity shown by the women towards the atrocities of war gives a conclusion to the whole argument.
FEELING OF NOSTALGIA PENNED DOWN BY RUSKIN BOND IN THE ROOM ON THE ROOF
Authors:   St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Ahmedabad, Buttan Geetanshi
Published: September 2023

The Room on the roof was Bond`s debut novel which he wrote when he was 17 years old. The novel is depicted from children`s perspective. The novel explores the psychological effect experienced by the children and the emotional turmoil that they go through in their teenage years. This novel has been critically acclaimed by focusing on the aspect of nostalgia and psychological reactions of the readers. The question that remains unanswered in reference to the novel is, why did Ruskin bond choose the theme of youthfulness to trigger the interest of nostalgia in the novel? This paper will attempt to answer this question and venture into this unexplored area.
CONTROLLING THE NPA IN THE INDIAN BANKING INDUSTRY: THE ROLE OF GREEN BANKING
Authors:   ICFAI University Jharkhand, Chaturvedi Pritha , Sinha Sumit Kumar
Published: September 2023

The success of the Swadeshi movement, which emphasizes comprehensive and sustainable development, is the primary means by which the Indian government hopes to achieve Atmanirbhar Bharat. It is crucial to remember to create an atmosphere that is favorable for the creation of locally produced, cost-effective goods and services with minimal negative environmental effects. Due to the availability of smart technology, we saw that numerous financial transactions happened quickly during the lockdown caused by COVID 19. Banking institutions are relying on technology to strengthen their risk monitoring and NPA management capabilities in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and the slowing economy.The current imperative is improved Innovative green banking technologies for paperless transactions, including loan applications, loan releases, agreements, payback strategies, and the recovery of non-performing assets (NPAs), etc.This research paper's goal is to examine the numerous financial products, laws, and regulations governing bank NPA recovery that support green banking. By rerouting capital flows to projects and innovative technologies that are ecologically responsible and have a low impact on the environment, banks play a significant role in reducing the carbon footprint and accelerating economic growth. The paper presents the strategies or techniques employed by the banking sector to promote green banking. Understanding the importance of online resources this paper tries to bring out the significance of the same in the promotion of green banking highlighting the positive implications for controlling non-performing assets with the challenges in promoting green banking.
EFFECTIVE BUSINESS COMMUNICATION: KEY TO SUCCESS
Authors:   Rabindranath Tagore University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Tiwari Vaishali , Chaturvedi Pooja
Published: September 2023

Communication is the process of communicating thoughts or information from one person to another. We translate our ideas into effective communication when we do it in a straightforward manner. When two parties communicate, one acts as the transmitter and the other as the receiver. For a Business to succeed, effective communication is crucial. Without communication with its customers, employees, or other businesses, a business cannot function. Effective corporate communication is crucial because it builds brand recognition and client loyalty. It strengthens the bonds between management and employees. Effective business requires good communication. An organization, service, or product can be promoted with the use of business communication. The way business communicators interact with both internal and external users will determine how it grows. Businesses can connect with their linked parties through a variety of techniques, such as video conferencing, email, letters, presentations, in-person meetings, etc. Businesses operate in changing environments, where better decisions may be made through good communication. The goal of Business communication is the same as the goal of communication in general, which includes entertaining, influencing, informing, and educating. A business communication's goal must be consistent with the accomplishment of institutional and organizational goals, both formal and informal, including social This paper will cover the purposes of successful communication, strategies for effective business communication, and the effectiveness of business communication in the modern business world.
A STUDY OF DIGITAL INNOVATIONS IN BUSINESS AND ECONOMY
Authors:   Bhabha University, Jain Sheetal , Sahu Rajesh ,   NRI Group of Institutions
Published: September 2023

In actuality, we currently live in a world of digitization and the advances brought about by it. Digital developments have undoubtedly had an impact on corporate operations and the economy as a whole. Customers and businesses alike now favor conducting business through online platforms. The relevance of technology in digital innovations in business and the economy is a result of this rising trend and predisposition towards digitalization on the part of the populace. Digitalization, which has changed some markets and generated new ones, has altered the competitive dynamics of the economy. This presents a challenging conundrum to politicians and the organizations in charge of monitoring the competition. They must deal with uncertainty in quickly evolving markets, accept new wrongdoing, and look into areas whose boundaries are unclear. In addition, as worries about conduct in digital markets and signs of growing market power have grown, calls for new competition policy tools and for the more active use of existing ones have increased. Because they embraced outdated procedures and refrained from embracing technology, the majority of businesses collapsed during the Covid-19 outbreak. People who were kept in isolation during the pandemic decided to use more technology than usual. Economy The Covid19 outbreak is also grappling with a significant conundrum because of distant labor and a lack of corporate intelligence. This article generally covered digitalization and its impacts on the economy. The topic of this article is embracing digitalization. This research paper will focus on the impact of digital transformation on the economy, the need to update policies for the digital age, and the significance of digital innovations for business and the economy.
A STUDY ON DETERMINING THE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN SERVANT LEADERSHIP STYLE IN BANKING SECTOR
Authors:   NRI Institute of Technology, Guntur (AP), Bhavani K. N L Durga
Published: September 2023

Servant leadership is a well-established idea; the word was first used in 1970 by Robert K. Greenleaf in his article "The Servant as Leader," which was published in Harvard Business Review. "The servant leader is first and foremost a servant," Greenleaf said. Greenleaf felt that institutions, rather than merely people, could be servant leaders as well as servants. Servant leadership culture is becoming more popular among top-ranking corporations throughout the globe, as they recognize the pragmatic effect it has on both leaders and followers. The rise of servant leaders has flipped the power hierarchy in the banking sector on its head. Serving their followers, the servant leader has evolved into a leader who is accountable for guiding the firm. The impact of servant leadership and its impact on organisational effectiveness, there has been little research into the relationship between servant leadership and employee performance. There has also been little research into how to determine employee performance through moderating. Employee performance is influenced by factors such as the workplace environment, leadership, career development programs, and incentive systems, as well as training skills and new talents to meet the current and future needs of the firm. Employee engagement, as well as employee performance, is a significant component in determining employee performance. It is possible to evaluate employee performance in terms of the organization's current and future needs and requirements.
EXPORT PERFORMANCE OF INDIAN GREEN PRODUCTS
Authors:   AMS College of Polytechnic, Kolkata, Bag Satya Narayan
Published: September 2023

Green Products are coming from Natural origin. The use of such products are now increasing due to eco-friendly nature of such products .Jute is one such green product in India and it has economic value. The Raw Jute and Mesta are the two important crop productions in India. Due to Pandemic situation, the productions of such fibers were in decreasing trend in the year of 2019-20 and 2020-21. In the year of 2020-21, 95.6 lakhs tonnes of Raw Jute were produced in our country. Jute products exports value has been rising trend from 2015-16 to 2021-22. Due to bio degradable nature of the Jute fibre, the demands of Jute products are now in increasing trend. The Jute is used not only as packaging materials of food grain, it is now used in other areas , such as geo textiles, carpet, wall coverings, Garment, shoes and blanket . Some countries import yarn and fabrics from India and manufacture the finished products for further processing of various Jute goods. USA was the leading importer of Indian Jute goods from the year 2019-20 to 2021-22 . Exports value of Jute goods has been increased from 2019-20 to 2021-22 by 66.9 % for USA. France was the 2nd largest importer of Jute goods from India. The export value to France has been increased from 2846.74 Cr.in the year 2019-20 to 3659.90 Cr. of the year 2021-22 .Ghana, UK and Netherlands were the destination of Indian Jute products with rising trend of export value. Ghana was the 3rd largest importing of Jute goods in the year 2020-21 and 2021-22
SOME THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE INSTITUTE OF AGREEMENT IN ADMINISTRATIVE LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Jurayev Sherzod
Published: September 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis of the institute of “Settlement Agreement,” which is defined in Chapter 15¹ of the Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Administrative Proceedings. This institute was included in the Code according to Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 833 on April 26, 2023 “On amendments and additions to certain legislative acts of the Republic of Uzbekistan for taking additional measures to ensure effective protection of the rights of citizens and business subjects in relation with state authorities”. In particular, analyses were conducted on the application of the norms to the conclusion of a “settlement agreement” between the parties in the judicial practice of foreign countries such as Germany, France, and Russia. In addition, the structure of the agreement with the participation of mediators, the concept of mediation, its use in the legislation of different countries, and its specific features were studied. The concept of the “settlement agreement” in Chapter 15¹ of the Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Administrative Proceedings and its specific features were studied, and proposals based on our national legislation were formulated in comparison with the settlement agreement in the German Administrative Court Act. In particular, in the course of the study, based on the experience of international countries related to the conclusion of mediation and settlement agreements based on the legislation, the conclusions about amending Article 3 of the Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Administrative Proceedings and supplementing it with 2 new articles were thoroughly justified, and relevant suggestions were made.
LEGAL VIEWS OF GOETHE
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Bozorova Nasiba
Published: September 2023

Johann Wolfgang Goethe was a descendant of both paternal and maternal lines from a prominent family of lawyers in Frankfurt. His career has been connected with jurisprudence since his studies at the university. Although the writer worked most of his life in the field of law, he rose to the top of fame thanks to literature and artistic creativity. Along with literary, aesthetic, religious, and philosophical views, Goethe covered political, social, and legal problems in his works. His poetry is a high example of the combination of poetry and law; in his poems and dramas truth and law, freedom, will and their place in the fate of man are widely discussed. Also, in his large-scale novels, the relationship between man and society is written. These views are reflected in the work “The Suffering of Young Werther”, which is considered to be the first example of Goethe’s work. In them, the young Goethe recognized that the truth of the heart is above any paper, law, rules, and human justice is above the rules and laws written by members of society. The article discusses this topic and explores Goethe’s legal views based on an analysis of his works.
ASPECTS OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PREMEDITATED MURDER COMMITTED BEYOND THE LIMITS OF NECESSARY DEFENSE AND IN A STATE OF STRONG MENTAL EXCITEMENT
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Hakimov Kamil
Published: September 2023

This article analyzes the different aspects of intentional homicide in a state of intense emotional excitement and beyond the bounds of necessary defense. This article focuses on two situations. First, jealousy is a concept that applies not only to the relationship between husband and wife but also to the relationship between people in a wider circle, and the feeling of jealousy is also between parents and children or other relatives, or between an engaged boyfriend and girlfriend. or opinions about the possibility of it occurring between those who love each other have also been analyzed. Continuing in the article, scholars who think about jealousy in the second place try to associate this concept with betrayal or infidelity. However, it is appropriate to take into account that infidelity between a couple can be done not only by betrayal but also by hugging or expressing love to another person, and thirdly, there are many situations that cause jealousy. In addition, when qualifying the act with Article 98 of the Criminal Code, he also explained the expediency of paying attention to the sudden and sharp occurrence of a state of strong emotional excitement caused by jealousy.
HISTORY OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Tulaganova Gulchehra
Published: September 2023

This article will consider the history of domestic and foreign Criminal procedural legislation and the peculiarities of conducting criminal cases in a simplified manner. Strategic steps are being taken in the new Uzbekistan to ensure the rule of law, reform the judicial and legal systems, and protect the rights and interests of citizens, who are an actual link to reforms. This provision is also enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which entered into force on May 1 of this year. As the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sh.M.Mirziyoyev stressed, the updated Constitution should create a solid legal basis and a reliable guarantee of the long-term development strategies of the country and the future well-being of the country and the people as a whole. This article also examines the views and opinions of some legal scholars on the principle of challenge, one of the basic principles of Criminal procedure law, a new institution that is being used with great success today, some aspects of the application of the institute of admission of guilt to the national criminal process, which is a vivid example of simplified criminal proceedings, office work in the first instance, appeals and cassation, record-keeping in repeated cassation, etc., and simplification of criminal proceedings.
RELEVANCE OF CIVIL CASES: THEORETICAL RULES AND PRACTICAL PROBLEMS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Esanova Zamira
Published: September 2023

This article is devoted to the topic of subordination, which is one of the oldest and most relevant institutions of civil procedural law, the content of this topic includes which body is competent to consider disputes (cases), its criteria and conditions, as well as the limits of the competence of the court and other bodies in this area. The task of subordination in a broad sense determines the forms of protection (judicial or extrajudicial resolution) of the rights and interests of individuals (individuals and legal entities).In a narrow sense, it is understood to belong to a number of state bodies and organizations empowered to protect the violated and disputed subjective rights of individuals and legal entities and their legally protected interests. The subordination of cases plays a key role in delineating their powers from each other. The article also includes aspects of subordination, which is a broad concept in relation to jurisdiction, and similarities and differences with this procedural institution. At the same time, the article provides detailed information and analysis of several types of subordination in civil procedural law, including alternative, contractual, imperative, and exceptional types. At the end of the article, problems related to the topic of subordination, suggestions and recommendations for their solution, and the author’s conclusions are presented.
SOME ISSUES RELATED TO THE PARTICIPATION OF A WITNESS AS A PERSON FACILITATING THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Khabibullaev Davlatjon
Published: September 2023

This article analyzes some of the issues related to the participation of a witness as a person assisting in the administration of justice in a civil process. In particular, the scientific and theoretical views of legal scholars on the concept of a witness in civil proceedings and civil procedural law and the theory of the science of civil procedural law on its procedural rights and obligations are analyzed. As well as the circumstances under which they cannot be summoned and interrogated as witnesses, the civil procedural legislation of foreign states in this area, in particular the civil procedural legislation of Germany, the Russian Federation, Azerbaijan, Belarus, and the Republic of Kazakhstan, is subjected to a comparative analysis with the national civil procedural legislation, and relevant conclusions and proposals have been developed. The article also explores the scientific and theoretical views of legal scholars on the right of a witness to refuse to testify, immunity, and the immunity of a witness. In addition, this article examines the security of witnesses as well as the legislation of foreign countries in this area. In conclusion, scientific and theoretical conclusions, proposals, and recommendations are put forward aimed at improving the Civil Procedure Legislation to improve the procedural and legal status of a witness in legal proceedings, expanding the circle of circumstances under which he cannot be called and interrogated as a witness, based on the experience of foreign countries, ensuring the rights of witnesses to privacy, and strengthening measures to ensure their safety.
ISSUES OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE OFFENSE AS A CRIMINAL ASSASSINATION AND DISTINGUISHMENT FROM SIMILAR CRIMES
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Kamalova Dildora
Published: September 2023

This article analyzes the signs of a specific type of attempt–an “imaginary attempt–and questions about its qualification. The author developed the author’s definition of the concept of “imaginary attempt”. It is noted that crimes where the criminal intent of a person is aimed at the onset of the consequences provided for by the aggravating (qualifying) composition, however, when the act was committed, the consequences of the main corpus delicti occurred, without signs of an aggravating corpus delicti, should be understood as a “sham attempt”. The author, on the basis of the theory of criminal law and materials of judicial practice, analyzes the signs and features of these types of crimes and questions of their qualifications. In particular, the absence of a unified approach to the qualification of the attempted murder of two or more persons, the attempted murder of a woman who was known to be pregnant, and the circumstances that should be taken into account when assessing these types of acts have been comprehensively studied. It also highlights in detail the distinctive aspects from attempted murder (Art. 25, 97 of the Criminal Code) of some similar crimes, in particular, threats to kill or use violence (Art. 112 of the Criminal Code), intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm (Art. 104 of the Criminal Code), and their qualifications.
RIGHT TО INFОRMАTIОN IN THE SYSTEM ОF HUMАN RIGHTS АND FREEDОMS
Authors:   National Center for Human Rights of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Aslanov Navruzbek
Published: September 2023

In this article, the documents on the right of a person to receive information and their brief analysis are cited. A person’s right to information is recognized as one of the components of the human rights system. Access to information is important for ensuring human rights and is one of the important features of democratic states. The issue of a person’s right to information, as well as the general issues of information-legal relations, has scientific novelty and is just taking its place in the field of local law. The interest of the legislative body in the problem of the right to information is increasing. Today, legislative work in this direction is actively being carried out. In particular, the Information and Mass Communications Agency under the Administration of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan put the draft “Information Code” for public discussion. In this regard, a detailed study of the concept and legal essence of the right to information, its types, and its place in legal relations is gaining importance today.
ISSUES OF INCENTIVES FOR AUTHORS OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY OBJECTS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Mekhmonov Kambariddin
Published: September 2023

This article scientifically analyzes ways to encourage authors of industrial property objects and also considers measures of personal and property incentives for authors. What is more important for the authors of an industrial property object: to disclose the invention to the public and obtain a patent, or to have a certain reputation and material interest? As a result of theoretical and practical studies of this issue, the author puts forward a number of scientific ideas and conclusions. Personal incentives, along with private incentives, can be great motivation for writers. Some countries and organizations provide personal incentives to authors of intellectual property in the form of prizes, awards, or scholarships. While the current legal system provides as a basis for encouraging authors, including academic degrees and titles, a document of legal protection received by authors of industrial property objects—a patent—the indicator in this regard does not fully meet modern requirements. Incentives for authors of industrial property are complex, and a balance must be struck between protecting the rights of authors and the public interest. At the same time, the opinions of theoretical scientists and experienced practitioners were analyzed.
MENINGITE POR TOXOPLASMOSE: SEQUELAS OFTALMOLÓGICAS E NEUROLÓGICAS
Authors: Souza Guilherme Henrique Louzada de , Pedro Marcelle Del Santo , Amaral Lucas Oliveira , Pohlmann Bruna Kelren Freitas , Alcântara Ana Carolina de , Sá Matheus Coaracy de , Silva Bruna Vaz da , Neves Luiz Gustavo Costa , Andrade Daniel de Sousa , Palacios Haylan Ronaldo Sánchez , Melo Vitória Guerra
Published: September 2023

A meningite causada pelo Toxoplasma gondii, um parasita intracelular, tem sido associada a significativas sequelas oculares e neurológicas. Essa condição afeta principalmente indivíduos imunocomprometidos, como aqueles com infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). A invasão do sistema nervoso central pelo Toxoplasma gondii pode levar a uma inflamação grave e danos nos tecidos, resultando em comprometimentos visuais e neurológicos de longo prazo. A meningite toxoplásmica frequentemente se manifesta com sintomas inespecíficos, incluindo dor de cabeça, febre e alteração do estado mental. No entanto, o aspecto distintivo reside no potencial de envolvimento ocular, que pode se manifestar como coriorretinite, uveíte e neurite óptica. Essas complicações oculares podem levar à perda da visão e impactar a qualidade de vida geral do paciente. Objetivo: avaliar abrangentemente o corpo de conhecimento existente sobre as sequelas oculares e neurológicas da meningite por Toxoplasma gondii. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma busca sistemática nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science para identificar artigos e estudos relevantes. A estratégia de busca utilizou uma combinação de cinco descritores principais: "toxoplasmose", "meningite", "complicações oculares", "sequelas neurológicas" e "resultados visuais". Os critérios de inclusão focaram em estudos que examinaram a associação entre meningite por Toxoplasma gondii e as subsequentes complicações oculares e neurológicas. Resultados: Foram selecionados 16 artigos. A revisão trouxe um corpo substancial de literatura indicando que a meningite por Toxoplasma gondii está de fato associada a uma variedade de sequelas oculares e neurológicas. As complicações oculares incluíram coriorretinite, uveíte, vitrite e neurite óptica, frequentemente levando a comprometimentos visuais irreversíveis. No aspecto neurológico, os pacientes frequentemente apresentavam déficits focais, convulsões e disfunção cognitiva, que poderiam persistir mesmo após o tratamento bem-sucedido da infecção aguda. Conclusão: A revisão sistemática da literatura destaca a relação intrincada entre a meningite por Toxoplasma gondii e suas profundas sequelas oculares e neurológicas. A convergência entre a inflamação induzida pela infecção e os danos nos tecidos no cérebro e nos olhos ressalta a necessidade de uma maior conscientização clínica e intervenção oportuna. Ao compreender as complexidades dessa condição, os profissionais de saúde podem estar mais preparados para antecipar, diagnosticar e gerenciar os possíveis resultados visuais e neurológicos de longo prazo em pacientes afetados.
THE ROLE OF BACTERIOLOGICAL AND BACTERIOSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINE IN THE DIAGNOSIS URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, A. A. Gavrusev , A. A. Raguzin ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of comparative urine studies of patients with pyelonephritis and patients without signs of UTI. The results of bacterioscopic and bacteriological examination of urine of 69 patients with pyelonephritis and 27 without UTI were analyzed. A high prevalence of negative urine culture in pyelonephritis (59.4%) was revealed, as well as the prevalence of negative culture in the presence of bacteriuria detected microscopically in urine sediment (37.5%). In patients without pyelonephritis, a bacteriological study showed bacterial growth in 66.7% of cases, which indicates the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in urological patients. Literature data on diagnostic problems and possible causes of false negative results of bacteriological examination in UTI are analyzed. One of the reasons for these results are the disadvantages and limitations of standard bacteriological culture. The need to introduce new advanced methods of bacteriological research into clinical practice is urgent.
CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM - A COMBINATION WITH A CHANGE IN THE INTERNAL ORGANS, AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, M. K. Nedzvedz , S. A. Guzov ,   Belarusian State Medical University, O. V. Kolbasova ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Mental Health
Published: September 2023

Objective. Establish frequency of change of internal organs and the atherosclerotic process in patients suffering from chronic alcoholism and determine the causes of death. Material and methods. The results of autopsies of the 94 dead with chronic alcoholism in the Centre of Mental Health for 2005–2014 years. Analysis of the material was carried out on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic examination (histological specimens stained with hematoxylin-eosin, pikrofuksin on Van Gieson, on myelin by Kluver-Barrera). During the autopsy, it drew attention to the presence of atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta, coronary and cerebral arteries. Results. According to the morphological study and pathologic diagnosis all observations are as follows: delirium tremens – 24, encephalopathy Gayet-Wernicke – 13, alcoholic encephalopathy – 10, alcoholic dementia – 3, myelinolysis pontis – 8, disease Marchiafawa-Bignami – 1, alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver – 1. All observations were accompanied by severe morphological changes at least 3–4 of the internal organs. Severe atrophic gastritis occurred in 39 cases (75%), alcoholic dilated cardiomyopathy – 31 (59.6%), sclerosing pancreatitis – 32 (61.5%), morphological changes in the liver (steatosis and alcoholic hepatitis) – 43 (82.7%), two observations – alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver, bronchopneumonia – 23 (44.2%). Signs of atherosclerosis were found in 19 cases (36.5 %). The average age of the deceased in these cases was 53.4 years. Conclusion. Complications of chronic alcoholism accompanied by morphological changes of internal organs, which greatly aggravate the disease. The most significant are the changes in the heart in the form of alcoholic dilated cardiomyopathy with the development of acute or chronic cardiovascular failure. A certain importance is pancreatitis, which can result in the development of pancreatic necrosis and changes in the liver with the development of liver failure. In some cases (especially in patients with alcoholic dementia) a major role in tanatogenesis can play bronchopneumonia. Atherosclerotic process is not significant in tanatogenesis of patients with chronic alcoholism and occurs predominantly in elderly patients.
EVALUATION OF THE TRAUMATISM OF SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS ON THE LOWER EXTREMITIES BY THE LEVEL OF С-REACTIVE PROTEIN
Authors:   Mogilev Regional Clinical Hospital, E. L. Stavchikov ,   Vitebsk State Order of Friendship of Peoples Medical University, I. V. Zinovkin ,   Mogilev Regional Clinical Hospital, A. V. Marochkov ,   Mogilev Regional Clinical Hospital,   Vitebsk State Order of Friendship of Peoples Medical University, A. V. Davydov ,   Mogilev Central Polyclinic
Published: September 2023

A non-randomized study of 121 patients was conducted, which were divided into group 1 – patients with chronic venous insufficiency, group 2 – with deforming arthrosis of the knee joint of the 3rd degree, group 3 – with chronic arterial insufficiency. Patients with deforming arthrosis of the knee joint of the 3rd degree underwent total knee arthroplasty, with varicose veins of the lower extremities – radical phlebectomy with removal of the great saphenous vein with varicose-dilated branches and subfascial ligation of the perforating veins, patients with chronic arterial insufficiency with the development of irreversible changes in in the area of the foot, bone-myoplastic amputation of the lower limb was performed at the level of the middle third of the thigh. In patients of the formed groups, blood was taken to determine the content of C-reactive protein (CRP) before surgery, 24–48 and 72 hours after surgery. At the 1st stage of the study (before surgery), the content of CRP in the blood serum of all patients of the three groups was 4,6 (0,66; 101?74) mg/l, at the 2nd stage (24–48 hours after the operation) there was a significant an increase in CRP, which amounted to 43,35 (16,23; 165,24) mg/l (p<0,05), at stage 3 (72 hours after surgery) – 51,49 (19,28; 197,01) mg/l (p>0,05). The level of CRP was equal in group 1: at stage 1 – 0,49 (0,2; 2,19) mg/l, at stage 2 – 13,74 (7,06; 18,62) mg/l (p<0,05), at stage 3– 15,89 (8,02; 21,06), (p>0,05). The content of CRP in group 2 was equal to: 3,44 (0,77; 6,5) mg/l at stage 1, 41,68 (23,72; 75,83) mg/l at stage 2 (p<0,05), at stage 3 – 47,32 (26,97; 86,32), (p>0,05). In group 3, the CRP level was equal to: 183,73 (118,74; 183,73) mg/l at stage 1, 270,96 (182,24; 250,24) mg/l at stage 2 (p<0,05), 298,44 (197,33; 263,35) at stage 3 (p>0,05). The dynamics of the content of CRP in patients during surgical interventions on the lower limbs can be considered as a biochemical criterion for the traumaticity of surgical interventions.
THE ROLE OF CLASSIFICATION IN DETERMINING THE TACTICS OF TREATMENT OF HIGH ENERGY INJURIES OF THE LOWER LIMB
Authors:   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, A. V. Sialitski , O. P. Kezlya ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Y. N. Ladutko ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, V. A. Yarmolovich ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, P. E. Vankovich ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
Published: September 2023

The article discusses the classification of highly energetic injuries of the lower extremities, their role and determining importance in choosing the scope of examination, preoperative treatment and the choice of a treatment method, proposed a new classification of these injuries. Based on the study of the clinical experience of surgical treatment of 239 patients with complex segmental and complex irregular diaphysial fractures of tibia, the high effectiveness of this classification in determining the algorithm of pre- and postoperative management, surgical treatment of patients depending on the degree of bone tissue damage, the size and nature of wounds in open fractures, the degree of soft tissue damage in closed fractures is shown.
PROXIMAL FIBULAR OSTEOTOMY IN THE TREATMENT OF MEDIAL GONARTHROSIS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, O. Shahine , M. A. Gerasimenko ,   Belarusian State Medical University, V. E. Chyrak ,   Belarusian State Medical University, V. N. Gurko ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2023

Proximal fibular osteotomy has been proposed as a simple and inexpensive alternative to high-tibial osteotomy and unicondylar knee arthroplasty. However there is no consensus existing regarding the mechanism by which it acts nor the outcome of this procedure. This study was performed to analyze the available evidence on the benefits of proximal fibular osteotomy and to understand the possible mechanisms in play. There are various mechanisms that are proposed to individually or collectively contribute to the outcomes of this procedure, and include the theory of non-uniform settlement, the too-many cortices theory, slippage phenomenon, the concept of competition of muscles, dynamic fibular distalization theory and ground reaction vector readjustment theory. The mechanisms have been discussed and future directions in research have been proposed. The current literature, which mostly consists of case series, suggests the usefulness of the procedure in decreasing varus deformity as well as improving symptoms in medial osteoarthritis. However, large randomised controlled trials with long-term follow-up are required to establish the benefits of this procedure over other established treatment methods.
IMPACT OF BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF NON-COMMUNICABLE MORBIDITY OF UNDERAGE STUDENTS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, E. V. Volakh , T. S. Borisova ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2023

One effective mechanism for managing health and reducing the growth of non-communicable morbidity in the population is to find meaningful managed risk factors and to eliminate or reduce the force of their potential impact in a timely manner. In order to identify removable risk factors for non-communicable diseases, a simultaneous cross-sectional study of the health status of children and adolescents 12–17 years old in relation to their lifestyle was carried out. The increase in hypodynamics leads to a noticeable decrease in the number of absolutely healthy persons and an increase with chronic diseases in the stage of sub- and decompensation. The probability of developing health abnormalities in the group of persons exposed to hypodynamics is significantly higher than among adolescents leading an active lifestyle. It was calculated that when implementing the WHO recommendations to ensure a rational motor regime, one can expect a reduction in the risk of developing major non-communicable diseases by 13% among children and adolescents with movement deficit and by 17% when optimizing physical activity among students on a daily basis who did not have independent forms of its organization.