bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing thermo-physical properties of hybrid nanoparticle-infused RT-54HC organic PCMs using graphene nanoplatelets and multiwall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Islam Anas , Pandey A. K , Sharma Kamal , Bhutto Yasir Ali , Saidur R. , Buddhi D.
Published: June 2024

Phase change materials (PCMs) have emerged as an intriguing option for the storage of thermal energy because of their remarkable capacity to store latent heat. However, the practical application of these materials is hindered by their low thermal conductivity and limited photo-absorbance. For this investigation, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) hybrid nanoparticles were disseminated in RT-54HC organic PCMs at different weight fractions. The nanoparticles were incorporated into the base PCMs using a melt blending technique. Based on the findings, one combination of GNP to MWCNT in a 0.25:0.75 ratio has shown the highest thermal conductivity, with an increase of 30 % (0.28 Wm-1K-1) compared to other hybrid combinations. This breakthrough could potentially open new avenues in the field of thermal energy storage. The chemical stability of the hybrid nanoparticle dispersed composites was assessed through FTIR analysis. In addition, the composites exhibited excellent thermal stability, maintaining their structural integrity even at temperatures as high as 300℃. The melting temperature of the composites also showed minimal variation. Based on the evaluation of latent heat enthalpy, the organic PCM known as base RT-54HC demonstrated a heat storage capacity of 180 J/g. However, the composites exhibited a slight decrease in latent heat with increasing nanoparticle weight fraction. In addition, the composite with added hybrid nanoparticles demonstrated an increase in optical absorbance, accompanied by a decrease in transmissibility. Therefore, the hybrid nano-enhanced composites have demonstrated enhanced thermo-physical properties, making them not only suitable but also highly promising for use in applications with mid-range melting temperatures.
Identification of Diseases in Paddy Crops Using Cnn
Authors: Parasa Gayatri , Arulselvi M. , Razia Shaik
Published: June 2024

In ancient times, agriculture is one of the most predominant occupations of Indian civilizations and it has a great impact in contributing to our country’s economy. Unfortunately, due to several reasons like pests and unpredictable climatic conditions, there has been poor productivity in certain crops, especially paddy. This has been drawn attention towards enhancing the productivity of the paddy crops. Through lots of research, it has been identified that paddy crops are infected by various diseases, and this is one of the reasons that directly affects the overall productivity of the crop. Hence, there emerged an immediate need to take preventive measures and improve the overall productivity rate of paddy crop. In this regard, an Intelligent deep learning algorithm called Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is proposed with an increased structure of 15 layers which predict various diseases that may affect the rice leaves. The developed model efficiency was evaluated in terms of Accuracy, Precision, F-measure, and Recall.
Unveiling the effects of metabolites on the material properties of natural rubber by the integration of metabolomics and material characteristics
Authors: Hiraoka Nobuyuki , Imai Shunsuke , Shioyama Shintaro , Yoneyama Fuminori , Mase Akio , Makita Yuko
Published: June 2024

Natural rubber (NR) is an important material with excellent physical properties. Unlike synthetic rubber from petroleum, NR contains non-rubber components such as proteins, lipids, and metal ions. The non-rubber components are known to affect the properties of NR. In this study, latex samples of Hevea brasiliensis were collected for nine months and their metabolites were comprehensively analyzed by mass spectrometry. NR was made from the same latex samples used for the mass spectrometry, and their vulcanization, tensile and thermal-aging properties were assessed. These results suggest that the metabolite composition in the latex and the NR properties changed seasonally. Correlation analysis between the metabolites and the properties of NR indicated that different metabolites affected different properties. A regression model of NR properties using metabolites as the explanatory variables suggests that about five metabolites need to be considered when examining the relationship between properties and metabolites. This method, which combines comprehensive analysis and characterization of NR, contributes to studies aimed at elucidating how the superior properties of NR are brought about.
Endothelial cell Notch signaling programs cancer-associated fibroblasts to promote tumor immune evasion
Authors: Zhu Yu , Xiang Menglan , Brulois Kevin , Lazarus Nicole , Pan Junliang , Butcher Eugene
Published: June 2024

Stromal cells within the tumor tissue promote immune evasion as a critical strategy for cancer development and progression, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we explore the role of endothelial cells (ECs) in the regulation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Using mouse pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) models, we found that canonical Notch signaling in endothelial cells suppresses the recruitment of antitumor T cells and promotes tumor progression by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory functions of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Abrogation of endothelial Notch signaling modulates EC-derived angiocrine factors to enhance the pro-inflammatory activities of CAFs, which drive CXCL9/10-CXCR3-mediated T cell recruitment to inhibit tumor growth. Additionally, abrogation of endothelial Notch unleashed interferon gamma responses in the tumor microenvironment, upregulated PDL1 expression on tumor cells, and sensitized PDAC to PD1-based immunotherapy. Collectively, these data uncover a pivotal role of endothelial cells in shaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment, and suggest the potential of targeting EC-CAF interaction as a novel therapeutic modality to boost antitumor immunity.
Boosting Domain Knowledge Understanding of LLMs through Fine-Tuning with a Novel KNN Algorithm
Authors: Delgaty Shamu , LeBang Ethan
Published: June 2024

Transformer-based architectures have revolutionized natural language processing, demonstrating exceptional capabilities in generating and understanding human-like text. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in enabling models to effectively interpret and generate domain-specific knowledge with high accuracy. The novel integration of a k-nearest neighbour (KNN) algorithm with the GPT-Neo model represents a significant enhancement, specifically designed to improve the model's performance in specialized fields through capturing semantic similarities and contextual nuances inherent in domain-specific data. The research involved fine-tuning the GPT-Neo model with the KNN algorithm, resulting in substantial improvements in accuracy, coherence, and contextual understanding, as evidenced through higher F1, BLEU, and ROUGE scores, alongside reduced perplexity. Ablation studies highlighted the contributions of dynamic weighting schemes, custom distance metrics, and hybrid embeddings to the overall performance gains. The implications of this approach extend to various applications requiring precise domain knowledge interpretation, such as medical diagnostics, legal analysis, and technical support. Future work aims to explore broader domain datasets, integrate additional machine learning algorithms, and further refine the training methodologies to enhance model capabilities.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Care of People with Epilepsy and Predictors of Epilepsy Worsening: Aswan/Upper Egypt Hospital-based study
Authors: Khedr Eman M , Haridy Nourelhoda A. , Ahmed Gellan K. , Othman Mohamed Nemr , Elsoghier Abdelrahman S. , Fawal Bastawy M. Al
Published: June 2024

Background:
During the Coronavirus disease pandemic “COVID-19”, epilepsy was one of many chronic neurological diseases in which treatment was neglected. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on people with epilepsy and identify potential predictors of seizure worsening through a face-to-face hospital survey. 245 participants (124 people with epilepsy and 121 people without epilepsy) were recruited and assessed with socio-demographic COVID-19-related questionnaires, the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression scales. Patients with epilepsy also received epilepsy-related questionnaires.
Results:
A significantly higher incidence of COVID-19 infection among people with and without epilepsy. Both groups experienced a similar increase in depression and anxiety during the pandemic compared with prior COVID-19 infection (P = < 0.0001 for each). Around 70% of people with epilepsy reported seizure worsening. Compared with people without worsening epilepsy, a significantly higher incidence of COVID-19 infections, both personally and in family members, that required attendance at health centers and emergency departments was recorded in the people with worsening epilepsy. They faced more medication availability issues than people without worsening and had significantly higher depression but not anxiety scores. Personal COVID-19 infection history, unemployment, work interruptions, and higher pre-COVID seizure frequency emerged as predictors of seizure worsening.
Conclusion
Nearly 70% of people with epilepsy experienced pandemic-related seizures worsening, along with deterioration of mental health. Personal COVID-19 infection, unemployment, work interruption, and higher pre-COVID seizure frequency appear to be predictors of seizure worsening. Mitigating these predictors could strengthen resilience among people with epilepsy during future widespread crises.
Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05205590. Registered 25 October 2021 - Retrospectively registered, https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05205590
Optimizing Node Selection in Search Based Multi-Agent Path Finding
Authors: Alam Md. Ahasanul , Mahmud Shekhar , Mamun-Or-Rashid Md. , Khan Md. Mosaddek
Published: June 2024

A Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) problem involves the task of finding paths for multiple agents who want to reach their destinations without obstructing other agents. Although MAPF is essential for numerous real-world applications, finding an optimal solution to this problem is NP-hard. Many approaches have been proposed in the literature, offering sub-optimal solutions to this problem to improve runtime efficiency. Lazy Constraints Addition search for MAPF (LaCAM) is a state-of-the-art sub-optimal MAPF algorithm that employs tree-based lazy successor generation to minimize planning effort. However, the success of the algorithm heavily relies on the effective selection of nodes for expansion. LaCAM employs a fixed heuristic throughout the entire search process, disregarding the agents' preferences or the characteristics of the underlying environment. Nevertheless, experiments with various heuristics indicate that no single heuristic consistently outperforms others across all scenarios. Consequently, in diverse environments, as the number of agents increases, reliance on a single, general heuristic leads to diminished runtime performance. Against this backdrop, with the intent to further speed up the runtime, we propose a novel approach, called eLaCAM, that adaptively selects nodes during the search process considering the current scenario of the environment and agents preferences. We introduce two distinct methods within this approach. The first, eLaCAM-stat, statistically analyses previous results of using different heuristics and selects nodes accordingly. The second method, eLaCAM-ML, employs a Machine Learning (ML) framework to assist in node selection. Our extensive empirical results depict a notable improvement in runtime and a reduction in the search space compared to state-of-the-art MAPF algorithms.
Established and emerging theatre pharmacy services: a scoping review
Authors: McGowan Aisling , Deasy Evelyn , Coyle Mary , O'Connell Juliette
Published: June 2024

Background Pharmacy services impact patients throughout the perioperative journey. Pharmacist activities at surgical pre-assessment clinics and on inpatient wards are well-documented, but services to theatre appear comparatively under-developed. High-risk and high-cost medicines are used routinely in theatre; pharmacists are well-placed to optimise their use and improve patient care.Aim To determine the range, extent and nature of theatre pharmacy services and their outcomes.Method This scoping review was conducted and reported as per the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. A search was conducted across electronic and grey literature databases to identify pharmacy theatre services. One reviewer screened titles and abstracts and carried out data extraction, with a 10% sample screened by a second reviewer. Two reviewers evaluated full texts. Quality appraisal was undertaken using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.Results Ninety-two publications were included from 3924 search results. Fifty-seven were primary research articles. Most of the included publications described services in the United States of America; the remainder were from Australia, several European countries, Egypt, Morocco, Japan, China and Taiwan. Theatre pharmacy services included medication management and various clinical activities. Outcomes related to cost savings, patient safety and staff satisfaction. Nine of the 57 articles were suitable for quality appraisal. Adherence to quality criteria ranged from 40–100%.Conclusion Evidence for theatre pharmacy services is extensive and varied. Empirical research of high methodological quality is required to assess the outcomes of these services.
Evaluating Abstract Reasoning and Problem-Solving Abilities of Large Language Models Using Raven's Progressive Matrices
Authors: Zhang Chengru , Wang Liuyun
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence has rapidly evolved, leading to the development of powerful models capable of performing complex cognitive tasks. Evaluating the cognitive abilities of these models through established human intelligence tests such as Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) offers a novel and significant approach to understanding their abstract reasoning capabilities. The study adapted RPM for text-based interactions, enabling the evaluation of Mistral and Llama without human intervention. Results revealed that both models surpass average human performance in overall accuracy, demonstrating their advanced problem-solving skills. However, the analysis also highlighted variability in performance across different types of reasoning tasks, with Llama excelling in sequential pattern recognition and Mistral showing weaknesses in spatial awareness. These findings provide valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of Mistral and Llama, offering a comprehensive understanding of their cognitive abilities and guiding future advancements in artificial intelligence.
"Sie dürfen nicht schwarzfahren, Frau Magistra!"
Authors: Picaroni-Sobrado Natalia
Published: June 2024

Soziale Ungleichheiten werden in Alltagssituationen produziert, reproduziert und hinterfragt. In diesem Beitrag beschäftige ich mich mit der Rolle der Klassendimension in den sozialen Interaktionen während meiner ethnografischen Feldforschungen in Uruguay und Chile. Zu Beginn erläutere ich bedeutende Ansätze für die Untersuchung der Mehrdimensionalität von Herrschaftsverhältnissen in Lateinamerika und kontrastiere diese mit Reflexionen zu meinen Feldforschungen und meinem akademischen Sozialisationsprozess in Österreich. Danach reflektiere ich meine Positionalität als Forscherin in Bezug auf vorherrschende Herrschaftsverhältnisse anhand dreier Feldsituationen im Rahmen meiner Dissertationsforschung (2009-2015). Ich lege dar, dass das Nachdenken über Prozesse der Kategorisierung und Ausgrenzung im Feld zu einer differenzierteren Interpretation der Felddaten, zu einem besseren Verständnis von sozialer Ungleichheit und zu einer erhöhten Sensibilität gegenüber ausbeuterischen, ausgrenzenden und abwertenden Praktiken im Feld und darüber hinaus beiträgt.
IMPLICAÇÕES FORMATIVAS PARA A ATUAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE QUÍMICA DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA EM RELAÇÃO À TEMÁTICA RADIOATIVIDADE
Authors: Nunes Luclécia , Mesquita Nyuara
Published: June 2024

TRAINING IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF BASIC EDUCATION CHEMISTRY TEACHERS IN RELATION TO THE TOPIC OF RADIOACTIVITY. The training of Chemistry teachers in Brazil has been researched for a few decades and studies point out to training gaps that reverberate in teaching, especially in basic education. One of the contents covered in this step and which is part of the high school curriculum is radioactivity, which is related, among other things, to radiological and radioactive accidents that occur around the world. Thus, this research sought to investigate how the training provided to Chemistry undergraduates in the state of Goiás is in relation to the subject of radioactivity, since in 1987 a radiological accident occurred in Goiânia with a Cesium 137 source. This is a qualitative research, data were collected via questionnaire and the analytical technique used was discursive textual analysis (ATD). The results showed that due importance was not given to the radiological accident, since there is evidence of training gaps in relation to the topic of radioactivity in Chemistry degree courses in the state of Goiás, where the accident occurred, and the contents on radioactivity are either not addressed, or the approach is superficial. This fact directly impacts the teacher’s performance in basic education, when working on this content with their students.
The significance of risk factors for acquiring hepatitis B and C virus infections in children with oncological and hematological diseases and immunodeficiencies
Authors:   Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation, Satsuk A.V. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, 3a Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation, Solopova G.G. ,   Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation, Ploskireva A.A. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, 3a Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation, Akimkin V.G. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, 3a Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation, Novichkova G.A. ,   Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

Patients with oncological and hematological diseases are at high risk of nosocomial bloodborne infections (hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV) due to their immunosuppressed condition and highly invasive treatment. The aim of our study is to identify the key risk factors of acquiring bloodborne infections among patients with hematological and oncological diseases and to determine the causes of uneven prevalence of hepatitis B and C among main clinical groups of patients. The study was carried out from 2021 to 2023. The study cohort consisted of 500 patients, with 100 patients in each clinical group: primary immunodeficiencies PID), disorders of the blood and blood-forming organs (BD), hematological malignancies (HM), malignant solid tumors (MST), benign tumors (BT). The median burden of invasive procedures per patient in the patients with HM, MST, BD, BT, and PID amounted to 10.9, 6.2, 5.1, 4.1, and 2.2 invasive interventions a day, respectively. The median infusion/injection burden was 8.3, 4.0, 2.7, 2.7, and 0.6 drugs a day, respectively. The median blood sampling burden amounted to 2.0, 1.7, 1.7, 1.3, and 1.6 samples a day, respectively. The median transfusion burden was 0.14, 0.07, 0.25, 0, and 0 units of transfused blood components a day, respectively. The median surgery burden was 0, 0.15, 0, 0.17, 0 surgical procedures a day, respectively. The medians for other medical procedures in all clinical groups amounted to 0. The patients with PID representing a clinical group of patients with the highest prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections (2.5 % and 2.3 %, respectively) have the lowest level of invasive burden. It should be supposed that the major risk factor of acquiring HBV or HCV among patients with oncological and hematological diseases is the level of immunocompetence together with the impact of risk factors associated with invasive procedures such as blood transfusions, the use of venous catheters (for intravenous administration of drugs and blood sampling), and extensive surgeries.
Biosensors for Detection of Hepatitis B Virus: Review
Authors: Esfandiari Amir Hossein , Hajipir Farkhani Hadis , Hashemi Javan Zahra , Vojdani Arastoo , Velayati Mahla , Mahaki Hanie , Meshkat Zahra , Manoochehri Hamed , Avan Amir , Tanzadehpanah Hamid
Published: June 2024

Hepatitis B is still one of the most important infectious diseases among humans,
which is considered a serious threat to their lives. Early diagnosis of this disease
can be an effective measure in stopping the chain of transmission and treatment of the
disease. In this review study, an attempt has been made to explain the use of biosensors
as a fast, high-efficiency, and low-cost method in diagnosis. The biosensors prepared for
hepatitis detection included DNA-based, aptamers-based, protein-based, enzyme-based,
antibody-based, and polymers-based biosensors, each of which had different advantages.
The results of this review showed that almost all introduced biosensors had an acceptable
performance. However, we suggest that aptamers are desirable for biosensing
applications because they can change their structure to properly bind to their target, are
cost-effective to prepare, and are highly sensitive.
Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds, Release Profiles, and Toxicity Test from Microcapsules Containing R. tuberosa L. Extracts Utilizing Gum Arabic
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia, Almayda Nabila , Roosdiana Anna ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia, MASRURI Masruri ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia, Safitri Anna ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia,   Research Centre of SMONAGENES, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

This study is essential to analyze the toxicity and release of bioactive compounds in R. tuberosa L. extract microcapsules coated with gum Arabic and to provide information on the use of microcapsules as a drug delivery system with controlled release of active ingredients. Investigations focused on the effect of pH and timing on discharge kinetics, as well as toxicity evaluation. The release of active ingredients from microcapsules was carried out in medium variations, namely pH 2.2 and pH 7.4, with release durations of 30, 60-, 90-, 120-, and 150-min. Bioactive compounds were released by 59.23% at pH 2.2 and 58.21% at pH 7.4 within 150 min. The BSLT (brine shrimp lethal toxicity) assay was used using brine shrimp larvae (Artemia salina L.), resulting in a non-toxic classification as evidenced by an LC50 value of 5729 μg/mL. Microcapsules in optimum conditions were then characterized using FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared) and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) instruments. The FTIR analysis showed variations in functional groups in R. tuberosa L. extracts, gum Arabic, and microcapsules. Furthermore, the SEM examination highlighted the morphology of microcapsules that were mostly spherical.
Determination of Erucamide Slip Additive in Polypropylene Masterbatch: Comparison of Soxhlet and Dissolution-Precipitation Method
Authors:   Product & Application Development Department, LyondellBasell Advanced Polyolefins, Pasuruan 67155, Indonesia, Purwaningtyas Eka L. , Wahyuni Debby C. ,   Product & Application Development Department, LyondellBasell Advanced Polyolefins, Pasuruan 67155, Indonesia, Ramadhan Muhammad Y. ,   Product & Application Development Department, LyondellBasell Advanced Polyolefins, Pasuruan 67155, Indonesia, Susanti Silfi V. ,   Product & Application Development Department, LyondellBasell Advanced Polyolefins, Pasuruan 67155, Indonesia, Ariesta Muhammad N. ,   Product & Application Development Department, LyondellBasell Advanced Polyolefins, Pasuruan 67155, Indonesia, Chengli Chengli ,   Product & Application Development Department, LyondellBasell Dongguan, Guangdong 523520, P. R. China, Agustina Laily A. ,   Product & Application Development Department, LyondellBasell Advanced Polyolefins, Pasuruan 67155, Indonesia, Febriani Rakhma ,   Product & Application Development Department, LyondellBasell Advanced Polyolefins, Pasuruan 67155, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

Erucamide is a long-chain carboxylic acid amide used as a slip agent in plastic films. In this research, the slip additive in polypropylene masterbatch with 6% erucamide content was extracted by comparing two methods which are dissolution-precipitation and the Soxhlet method. The variant of sonication times in the dissolution-precipitation method and extractor-solvents in the Soxhlet method were done to determine the optimum parameter in each method. The examination of slip additive content in each extraction method used the KBr Disk-FTIR and the weight loss of sample analysis. The form of the sample, which was in the granule and powder form was also studied. Based on the result, the dissolution-precipitation method with 3 minutes of sonication times and the use of ethyl acetate as extractor solvent in the Soxhlet method gave a closer result for additive content in the masterbatch. The powder form of the sample also gave better results than the granule form for the extraction of erucamide. The Soxhlet method in the powder form showed comparable results with the dissolution-precipitation method by KBr Disk-FTIR analysis and higher results by weight loss analysis. By comparing the two methods of extraction, the Soxhlet method showed more robustness and efficiency for extraction of erucamide additive in polypropylene masterbatch than the dissolution-precipitation method.
Development of a Real-Time Dashboard for Overdose Touchpoints: User-Centered Design Approach
Authors: Salvi Amey , Gillenwater Logan A , Cockrum Brandon P , Wiehe Sarah E , Christian Kaitlyn , Cayton John , Bailey Timothy , Schwartz Katherine , Dir Allyson L , Ray Bradley , Aalsma Matthew C , Reda Khairi
Published: June 2024

Background

Overdose Fatality Review (OFR) is an important public health tool for shaping overdose prevention strategies in communities. However, OFR teams review only a few cases at a time, which typically represent a small fraction of the total fatalities in their jurisdiction. Such limited review could result in a partial understanding of local overdose patterns, leading to policy recommendations that do not fully address the broader community needs.

Objective

This study explored the potential to enhance conventional OFRs with a data dashboard, incorporating visualizations of touchpoints—events that precede overdoses—to highlight prevention opportunities.

Methods

We conducted 2 focus groups and a survey of OFR experts to characterize their information needs and design a real-time dashboard that tracks and measures decedents’ past interactions with services in Indiana. Experts (N=27) were engaged, yielding insights on essential data features to incorporate and providing feedback to guide the development of visualizations.

Results

The findings highlighted the importance of showing decedents’ interactions with health services (emergency medical services) and the justice system (incarcerations). Emphasis was also placed on maintaining decedent anonymity, particularly in small communities, and the need for training OFR members in data interpretation. The developed dashboard summarizes key touchpoint metrics, including prevalence, interaction frequency, and time intervals between touchpoints and overdoses, with data viewable at the county and state levels. In an initial evaluation, the dashboard was well received for its comprehensive data coverage and its potential for enhancing OFR recommendations and case selection.

Conclusions

The Indiana touchpoints dashboard is the first to display real-time visualizations that link administrative and overdose mortality data across the state. This resource equips local health officials and OFRs with timely, quantitative, and spatiotemporal insights into overdose risk factors in their communities, facilitating data-driven interventions and policy changes. However, fully integrating the dashboard into OFR practices will likely require training teams in data interpretation and decision-making.
PENGGUNAAN DISKRESI OLEH KEPALA DAERAH UNTUK KONSISTENSI PENATAAN RUANG
Authors: Purnama Erma Ekawati , Pramono Retno Widodo Dwi
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the benefits for using discretion on local spatial planning when there is a gap on a system of rules, that must be filled immediately for the local government permit process as an instrument of spatial control for investment. According to Law No. 30 year 2014 on government administration, regional heads can use the discretion. By using empirical legal research, it concludes that the use of the discretion could be possible, and prospectives for improved spatial planning order through establishing urban laws to achieves orderly spatial planning.
 
Intisari
Penelitian ini menggali manfaat penggunaan diskresi oleh kepala daerah dalam penataan ruang karena ketiadaan RDTR. Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan memberikan peluang penggunaan diskresi. Melalui metode penelitian empiris, disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan diskresi dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan akibat ketiadaan RDTR, sepanjang lingkup dan tujuan diskresi memenuhi ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014, dan bermanfaat dalam hal perbaikan kinerja melalui urban law. Pembahasan praktik diskresi di daerah menggunakan contoh penerbitan Peraturan Bupati Sleman Nomor 63 Tahun 2015 tentang Penghentian Sementara Penerbitan Izin Hotel, Apartemen, dan Kondotel.
STUDI KRITIS FEMINIST LEGAL THEORY MENURUT PERSPEKTIF ISLAMIC WORLDVIEW
Authors: Chairil Aisyah , Shalahuddin Henri
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Draft Act of the Elimination of Sexual Violence (RUU PKS) was made as an effort to achieve equality and justice before the law. RUU PKS was intended to be proposed as a solution towards problems related to women and sexuality. Philosophically, there are three models of perspectives used as approach of the RUU PKS: standpoint, empiricism, and postmodernism. These three perspectives are inherent parts of the Feminist Legal Theory (FLT), which is also part of global legal discourse. However, a philosophical examination reveals that the epistemology of FLT has fundamental problems in defining reality and truth. The theoretical foundations of FLT is weak, therefore the RUU PKS will fail to achieve its purported goal: justice before the law. This article analyzes this issue critically and provide a solution from an Islamic worldview.
Intisari
Munculnya Rancangan Undang-Undang Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual (RUU PKS) adalah salah satu upaya dalam mewujudkan kesetaraan dan keadilan hukum. RUU PKS sebagai tawaran hukum diharapkan mampu menyelesaikan problem dan isu-isu seksual perempuan. Secara filosofis, terdapat tiga model cara pandang yang digunakan dalam pendekatan hukum RUU PKS, yakni: Standpoint, Empirisme dan Postmodernisme. Tiga cara pandang ini mewujud dalam wacana hukum global yang disebut sebagai FLT. Namun jika dikaji secara filosofis, secara epistemologis FLT memiliki problem mendasar dalam memaknai realitas dan kebenaran. Hal itu dapat membuat bangunan teori FLT rapuh sehingga tujuan RUU PKS dalam mewujudkan keadilan hukum tidak sesuai dengan filosofi negara hukum Pancasila. Makalah ini akan lebih dalam mengkaji permasalahan tersebut secara kritis, dan juga menawarkan solusi yang tepat berdasarkan perspektif Islamic Worldview.
OPTIMALISASI PERAN PENEGAK HUKUM DALAM PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP ANAK-ANAK KORBAN KEKERASAN KOTA PADANG
Authors: Eva Yusnita , Firdaus  , Oktaviani Witia
Published: June 2024

Abstract
There seems to be an imbalance between regulations and the implementation of the law enforcement process in seeking justice for child victims of violence. The data from 2017 concerning the violence at the children at the municipality of Padang, as reported by the Police Department, reached 115 cases. This trend did not change, as shown by the cases between January and August 2018, when 77 child abuse cases were tabled to the court of the municipality. Only 36 cases in 2017 were submitted to the District Court for legal proceedings. Furthermore, from 2018 to September, only 17 cases were resolved by the District Court. This paper aims to explain the role of law enforcement in optimizing the law to protect the child and strengthen the function of the child protection institution, including DP3AP2KB and LPA. Further, it linked to the efforts that the judges and police have done as vanguards to defend the interests of the children. This study also shows that the role of the law enforcers remains the small function to be done. It is caused by the fact that this institution possessed limited authority. Likewise, the child protection institution carried out advocacy and the institutions did not have any authority to provide some legal advice.
 
Intisari
Terlihat adanya kesan ketidakseimbangan antara peraturan dan pelaksanaan proses penegakan hukum dalam mencari keadilan bagi anak-anak korban kekerasan. Data kekerasan kepada anak kota Padang tahun 2017 mencapai 115 kasus yang dilaporkan ke Polresta. Kasus kekerasan ini tidak mengalami penurunan sebab data tahun 2018 dari Januari sampai Agustus mencapai 77 kekerasan anak, hanya 36 perkara tahun 2017 yang masuk ke Pengadilan Negeri untuk diproses hukum. Selanjutnya tahun 2018 sampai September hanya 17 perkara yang diselesaikan pihak Pengadilan Negeri. Persoalan di atas menjadi tujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang peranan mereka dalam mengoptimalkan penegakan hukum terhadap perlindungan anak dan hubungannya dengan lembaga-lembaga perlindungan anak seperti DP3AP2KB dan LPA. Selanjutnya juga dikaitkan dengan upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh hakim dan polisi (PPA) sebagai garda terdepan yang membela kepentingan anak sebagai korban kekerasan. Faktanya, peran penegak hukum hanya sebagian kecil yang bisa terlaksana, disebabkan keterbatasan wewenang mereka dalam aturan. Begitu juga dengan lembaga-lembaga perlindungan anak, hanya sekedar melakukan advokasi dan tidak punya kewenangan untuk memberikan pertimbangan hukum.
THE REGULATION OF DISCLOSURE PRINCIPLE IN EQUITY CROWDFUNDING (A COMPARISON BETWEEN INDONESIA AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA)
Authors: Al Haddar Syarifah Zahra , Rahadiyan Inda
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Technological developments greatly make it easy for users, including in matters of financial technology (FinTech), which has also led to the innovation of Equity Crowdfunding (ECF). ECF is a new financing method seeking funding for Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs/UMKM) business development. In some developed countries such as the United States of America (US), the ECF has a systematic regulation of the disclosure principle. These rules are intended to protect the process of organising the ECF legally and professionally. In Indonesia, the ECF has just developed and has undergone two regulatory changes, from Financial Services Authority Regulations (POJK) No. 37 2018 to POJK No. 57 of 2020. The regulation of the disclosure principle in Indonesia is still not clear enough compared to the US based on Title III The Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Acts 2012. Thus, this study will explain the comparison between the two countries which is Indonesia and the US, regarding the regulation of the disclosure principle in ECF on the basis law, supervisory institutions, prospectus/ Bidding Documents, the minimum amount of fund.
Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi sangat memberikan kemudahan bagi penggunanya tidak terkecuali dalam urusan financial technology (FinTech) yang memunculkan pula inovasi Equity Crowdfunding (ECF). ECF yaitu suatu metode pembiayaan baru mencari pendanaan untuk pengembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM). Di beberapa negara maju seperti Amerika Serikat, ECF memiliki pengaturan prinsip keterbukaan secara sistematis. Aturan ini dimaksudkan untuk melindungi proses penyelenggaraan ECF secara legal dan profesional. Di Indonesia sendiri ECF baru saja berkembang dan sudah mengalami dua kali pergantian regulasi yaitu Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (POJK) No. 37 2018 menjadi POJK No. 57 tahun 2020. Pengaturan prinsip keterbukaan di Indonesia masih belum cukup jelas dibandingkan dengan Amerika Serikat yang berdasarkan Title III The Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Acts 2012. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini akan menjelaskan perbandingan kedua negara antara Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat terkait pengaturan prinsip keterbukaan pada penyelenggaraan Equity Crowdfunding terkait dasar hukum, lembaga pengawas, prospektus/Dokumen Penawaran, batas minimum jumlah penawaran penghimpunan dana, laporan keuangan penerbit, profesi penunjang, dan perlindungan investor.
HARMONISASI REGULASI OLEH OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN SYARIAH PADA AKAD MURABAHAH (ANALISIS TERHADAP STANDAR PRODUK MURABAHAH)
Authors: Ilhami Haniah , Hartini  , Budi Nugraheni Destri
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Identifying the sharia issues in the Akad of Murabahah as one of the products of Syariah Bank, The Financial Services Authority (OJK) published the Standards of Product in Syariah Bank for Murabahah, which harmonizing several regulations and policies on Murabahah. The authors evaluate the Standards, specifically for the Akad of Murabahah in House Ownership, by conducting normative research on regulations and legal documents. The authors concluded 3 (three) suggestions for future developments in the Standards, which are first, detailed provisions need to be formulated in the Regulation of OJK ( POJK) or Circulation of OJK (SEOJK) in terms of the integration of ownership standard in the Akad of Murabahah with or without Wakalah. Secondly, there are provisions on the marginal standardization, and the last is the determination of actual costs that banks can collect in the implementation of rescheduling or rollover to Murabahah customer who is unable to pay.
Abstrak
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) berupaya mengidentifikasi isu syariah dalam beberapa produk bank syariah, salah satunya adalah pada Akad Murabahah. Untuk itu OJK telah mengeluarkan buku Standar Produk Murabahah, yang di dalamnya terdapat upaya OJK untuk melakukan harmonisasi regulasi dan kebijakan. Terhadap harmonisasi regulasi yang dilakukan OJK untuk mengatasi isu syariah pada akad murabahah tersebut, penulis melakukan evaluasi dan masukan khususnya ketika akad murabahah dikaitkan dengan Kepemilikan Rumah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan studi dokumen terhadap regulasi di bidang perbankan syariah khususnya menyangkut murabahah dalam kepemilikan rumah. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa upaya harmonisasi yang dilakukan oleh OJK masih memerlukan aturan yang lebih rinci dalam bentuk Peraturan OJK (POJK) atau Surat Edaran OJK (SEOJK) yang memberikan acuan standar terkait kepemilikan rumah dalam akad murabahah tanpa wakalah dan akad murabahah dengan wakalah. Selanjutnya, diperlukan pula ketentuan standardisasi margin pada murabahah kepemilikan rumah. Contoh aturan lebih rinci adalah perlunya penetapan biaya riil yang dapat dipungut bank dalam pelaksanaan rescheduling atau roll over pada nasabah murabahah kepemilikan rumah yang tidak mampu bayar.
KRISIS DAN REFORMASI: PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA DALAM PERJANJIAN INVESTASI BILATERAL DI NEGARA DUNIA KETIGA
Authors: Syahrul Fauzul Kabir
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The origin of Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) is an attempt to eliminate political aspects (depoliticization) in resolving investment disputes. Previously, the settlement of investment disputes was carried out through State-State Dispute Settlement (SSDS) mechanism. The implementation of ISDS relatively marks the end of exhaustion of local remedies’s principle (ELR). As customary international law, the ELR principle requires foreign national whose rights are violated to take local remedies. This research used juridical-normative and comparative method. Based on the specifications, this research is descriptive-analytical. In response to ISDS’s problem, third world countries such as Indonesia, India, Brazil, and South Africa drafted new Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) model, specifically the ISDS clause. The ELR principle is adopted by India and South Africa. While Brazil and South Africa employ SSA mechanism, instead of ISA. Even India facilitates an appeal mechanism based on separate international agreement. Meanwhile, instead of reforming by applying the ELR principle, Indonesia has only strengthened alternative dispute resolution while also facilitating the ISA. Thus, Indonesia has not fully anticipated the ISDS legitimacy crisis and, therefore, has the potential to receive lawsuits from investors that could be detrimental, both to national regulations and state finance.
Abstrak
Latar belakang kemunculan ISDS adalah upaya penghilangan aspek politis (depolitisasi) dalam penyelesaian sengketa investasi. Sebelumnya, penyelesaian sengketa investasi ditempuh melalui mekanisme State-State Dispute Settlement (SSDS). Implementasi ISDS relatif menandai berakhinya prinsip exhaustion of local remedies/ELR. Sebagai hukum kebiasaan internasional, prinsip ELR mensyaratkan pihak asing yang hak-haknya dilanggar untuk menempuh peradilan lokal terlebih dahulu. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dan komparatif. Berdasarkan spesifikasinya, penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis. Merespon krisis ISDS, negara-negara dunia ketiga seperti Indonesia, India, Brazil dan Afrika Selatan menyusun model Perjanjian Investasi Bilateral (BIT), khususnya klausul ISDS baru. Prinsip ELR kembali digunakan oleh India dan Afrika Selatan, sementara Brazil dan Afrika Selatan menerapkan mekanisme SSA, alih-alih ISA. India bahkan membuka peluang bagi diterapkannya upaya banding berdasarkan perjanjian internasional secara terpisah. Sementara, alih-alih reformis dengan menerapkan prinsip ELR, Indonesia hanya memperkuat alternatif penyelesaian sengketa seraya tetap memfasilitasi ISA. Dengan demikian, Indonesia belum sepenuhnya mengantisipasi krisis legitimasi ISDS dan, karenanya, berpotensi menerima gugatan dari investor yang dapat merugikan, baik terhadap regulasi nasional maupun secara finansial.
DEKONSTRUKSI PENANGANAN PELANGGARAN ADMINISTRASI YANG TERSTRUKTUR, SISTEMATIS DAN MASIF DALAM PILKADA
Authors: Aminuddin Kasim  , Supriyadi  , Andi Intan Purnamasari
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Deconstruction is a thought based on the method of reading texts that are based on philosophical values, since the 2015-2020 regional elections there have been several problems in handling structured, systematic, and massive administrative offences by Bawaslu. This research is a normative juridical research by analysing the laws and regulations related to the simultaneous local elections. This study concludes that the presence of a structured, systematic, and massive concept in the simultaneous Pilkada is based on the concept that was born in the examination of the dispute over the election results by the Constitutional Court which was then normalized into the Pilkada Law. The handling of administrative violations that are structured, systematic, and massive is categorized as difficult to prove because it uses a cumulative element. Deconstruction is carried out by changing the element of evidence in handling TSM administrative violations with an alternative – cumulative element, with the provision that alternative evidence is carried out against acts of promising or giving money or other materials proven massively. This study also suggests making changes in the construction of norms governing structured, systematic, and massive administrative violations in the Pilkada Law by using alternative – cumulative elements to achieve justice.
Abstrak
Dekonstruksi merupakan suatu pemikiran yang berbasis pada metode membaca teks yang bertumpu pada nilai filosofis. Sejak Pilkada Tahun 2015-2020 terdapat beberapa problematika dalam penanganan pelanggaran administrasi terstruktur, sistematis dan masif (TSM) oleh Bawaslu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menganalisis peraturan perundang–undangan yang terkait dengan Pilkada serentak. penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa hadirnya konsep terstruktur, sistematis dan masif pada Pilkada serentak didasarkan atas konsep yang lahir dalam pemeriksaan sengketa hasil Pilkada oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi yang kemudian dinormakan ke dalam UU Pilkada. Penanganan pelanggaran Administrasi terstruktur, sistematis dan masif terkategori sulit dibuktikan karena menggunakan unsur kumulatif. Dekonstruksi dilakukan dengan mengubah unsur pembuktian dalam penanganan pelanggaran administrasi TSM dengan unsur alternatif–kumulatif, dengan ketentuan pembuktian secara alternatif dilakukan terhadap perbuatan menjanjikan atau memberikan uang atau materi lainnya terbukti secara masif. Penelitian ini juga menyarankan agar melakukan perubahan dalam konstruksi norma yang mengatur pelanggaran administrasi terstruktur, sistematis dan masif di dalam UU Pilkada dengan menggunakan unsur alternatif-kumulatif sehingga dapat mewujudkan keadilan.