bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution of Blood Groups and Willingness to Donate Among College Students of West Tripura
Authors:   Department of MLT, Bhavan’s Tripura College of Science and Technology (BTCST), Anandanagar, West Tripura, Saha Shilpi , Barman Tanmay ,   Department of MLT, Bhavan’s Tripura College of Science and Technology (BTCST), Anandanagar, West Tripura, Das Ananjoy ,   Department of MLT, Bhavan’s Tripura College of Science and Technology (BTCST), Anandanagar, West Tripura, Roy Satyapriya ,   Department of Human Physiology, Government Degree College, Kamalpur, Dhalai Tripura
Published: February 2025

Background: For the blood bank to survive and continue providing transfusion services, students'
willingness to donate blood and their understanding of their own blood type and rhesus factors are
essential. Knowing a student's blood group is crucial since it allows them to donate blood in an
emergency. The current study aims to ascertain college students' distribution of ABO blood and rhesus
groups, as well as to boost their desire to donate blood by increasing their knowledge with their blood
group.
Methods: In March 2024, 231 students from Bhavan's Tripura College of Science and Technology in
west Tripura, ages 19 to 22 years, participated in this cross-sectional survey. ABO type results and the
Rh factor were included to the self-administrated questionnaire that was used to gather the data. All the
data was analysed by excel and SPSS software.
Results: The most frequent blood types among the students in this study were found to be group B (33.76
%) and O (31.16%), followed by group A (29.87 %). While 5.19 percent of students are Rh negative, the
bulk of students about 94.80 percent, belong to the Rh-positive factor. The majority of students (91.34%)
accurately identified their Rh factor and ABO blood group when we asked them, and we compared their
answers with the test results. Boys who have donated blood in the past are more likely to disclose their
blood type than others. Merely 53.67 % of the entire study population expressed interest in donating
blood in the upcoming year. Male donors have a more positive attitude about blood donation than
female donors. At the same time, girls are also far less inclined to donate blood.
Conclusion: The research population exhibited a higher frequency of blood type B, O, and Rh positive.
Although the majority of college students are well-informed about their blood type, less than half of them
expressed interest in donating blood. Therefore, encouraging young college students to donate blood is
our primary goal.
Isolasi, Karakterisasi, dan Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Bakteri Asam Laktat dari Biji Kakao Sisa Pencernaan Musang Sebagai Kandidat Probiotik
Authors: Laila Wilda , Indrayati Sri , Zaunit Muthia Miranda , Harleni Harleni
Published: February 2025

Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) berperan dalam menyeimbangkan mikrobiota usus dalam sistem pencernaan sehingga berperan sebagai probiotik. Salah satu sumber BAL alami adalah dari biji kakao sisa pencernaan musang. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi dan mengetahui karakterisasi dari bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dari biji kakao sisa pencernaan musang sehingga dapat diketahui potensinya sebagai kandidat probiotik alami untuk diaplikasikan dalam bidang pangan atau kesehatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi eksploratif, dengan bahan yang digunakan adalah sisa pencernaan dari musang yang dikumpulkan dan diisolasi BALnya dengan menggunakan media MRSA + CaCO3 1 %. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengamatan makroskopis dan mikroskopis terhadap isolat yang didapatkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh 16 isolat yang di isolasi dari sampel, namun hanya 8 isolat yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai Bakteri asam laktat yang dicirikan merupakan bakteri gram positif dengan uji katalase negatif. Dapat disimpulkan biji kakao sisa pencernaan musang mengandung Bakteri asam laktat yang dapat digunakan sebagai kandidat probiotik.
The Importance of Supporting Children in the Transition from Middle School to High School Module. 14
Authors:   HoltIS Association, Association HoltIS
Published: February 2025

The Module ”The Importance of Supporting Children in the Transition from Middle School to High School” highlights both theoretical and practical aspects of supporting students through the transition from middle school to high school. In the first part of the module, several theories related to educational transition are presented, allowing parents to explore various concepts associated with the transition. In the second part, parents will learn about their role in the transition process and how they can support their children in school activities. Additionally, they will identify the school's role in facilitating the transition from middle school to high school. The module includes brainstorming activities that engage participants and help identify key aspects of the course. In addition to the theoretical content, the module also features practical activities to help participants deepen their understanding of the material.This module is part of the materials dedicated to the training of parental educators.
Network pharmacology to unveil the blood components and mechanisms of Tongmai Yangxin Pills in treating elderly coronary heart disease
Authors: Zhang Yue , Li Chao-Hui , Yan Yi-Zhi , Lin Jie-Yun , Zhu Shan-Shan , Tan Si-Jie , Zeng Peng
Published: February 2025

Background

Tongmai Yangxin Pills (TMYXP) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine compound to treat coronary heart disease (CHD). Aging is a key immutable independent risk factor for CHD. Currently, there are few gene expression profiles of patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) or TCM compound. However, the chemical composition and underlying mechanisms of TMYXP against elderly CHD need to be elucidated.

Objective

Exploring the mechanism of TMYXP in treating elderly CHD based on human gene expression profiles, and find the key pharmacodynamic ingredients of TMYXP in treating elderly CHD based on plasma pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology.

Methods

A strength of this study is the use of network pharmacology analysis of gene expression profiles in elderly CHD patients before and after TMYXP treatment. This study focused on peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 6 elderly patients with CHD over 60 years old (GSE142008). A total of 40 blood components of TMYXP identified by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS method in the plasma of SD rats. Then, we collected literature-validated TMYXP blood component targets for further network pharmacology analysis.

Results

All blood components of TMYXP exhibited non-toxic properties. By retrieving validated TMYXP blood components's targets, 15 blood components correspond to a total of 4,789 targets. Genistein, emodin, isoliquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid, gallic acid, verbascoside, calycosin, rhein, formononetin and ephedrine were the most potential anti-CHD blood components in TMYXP. The above 10 key blood components of TMYXP mainly regulate hub genes CASP3, TGFB1, PTGS2, CXCL8, FAS and JAK2, mediating multiple mechanisms to treat elderly CHD. TMYXP exerts anti-CHD effects on the TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, diabetic cardiomyopathy and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. We further used molecular docking technology to verify the direct interaction of TMYXP blood components with its hub target for treating elderly CHD.

Conclusion

This study builds a bridge connecting TMYXP blood components and its confirmed clinical efficacy, identifies a series of anti-CHD lead compounds, and analyzes their possible mechanisms for treating CHD. The research strategy of this study has the potential to promote the modernization and transformation of TCM and promote the drug development.
Predictive value of postoperative prealbumin levels for detecting early-stage complications following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Jia Yanting , Zhang Jun , Chen Lei , Zhu Yanhui
Published: February 2025

Background

A pathological decrease in the serum prealbumin level is closely associated with the severity of various diseases and complications after surgery. Many patients suffer from a systemic inflammatory response and local myocardial ischemia after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, which is related to an adverse prognosis. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the serum prealbumin level and early complications following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, in addition to its predictive value.

Methods

Data were retrospectively collected on patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting from January 2014 to July 2019. The serum prealbumin level was assessed within 6–12 h after the operation. Patients were classified into two groups: the “normal” level group (≥17 mg/dl) and the “low” level group (<17 mg/dl). Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive value of a low serum prealbumin level.

Results

Of the 1,002 patients, 553 (55.2%) had a low serum prealbumin level. The rate of pulmonary infection in the low group was significantly higher than in the normal group. Univariate analysis and multivariable analysis indicated that a low serum prealbumin level was associated with the increased incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection, pleural effusion, and new-onset atrial fibrillation.

Conclusion

The serum prealbumin level following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting serves as a crucial predictor for early major postoperative complications, such as pulmonary complications and new-onset atrial fibrillation. Early identification of high-risk patients by assessing serum prealbumin levels, in addition to the timely adjustment of treatment and care strategies, can improve patient prognosis, shorten hospital stays, and reduce healthcare expenses.
Diagnostic trap: a case report of intimal sarcoma occurring in the left atrium
Authors: Ye Hua , Jing Yuchen , Luo Shuai , Wang Jinjing
Published: February 2025

Background

Intimal Sarcoma (IS) is an exceptionally rare and highly aggressive mesenchymal tumor with an uncertain origin. Its clinical and pathological characteristics are challenging to differentiate from other tumors based merely on histological and cytological morphology. Additionally, the immunohistochemical phenotype lacks specificity. Genomically, IS is distinguished by the amplification of the Mouse Double Minute 2 homolog (MDM2) gene. Presently, there are significant obstacles in clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this condition.

Case demonstration

A 49-year-old male patient was hospitalized due to cough and dyspnea. An echocardiogram indicated a myxoma, leading to the performance of a partial cardiac tumor resection. Post-surgical pathological analysis revealed numerous spindle-shaped tumor cells organized in bundles. The cells displayed significant atypia, areas of necrosis, myxoid degeneration, and pathological mitotic figures. Immunophenotyping indicated positivity for Vimentin, Smooth Muscle Actin, and MDM2, focal positivity for ETS-Related Gene, and a Ki-67 index of 40%, with other markers being negative. Fluorescence in situ Hybridization genetic testing confirmed MDM2 gene amplification. The diagnosis was established as IS of the left atrium, World Health Organization grade 2. Post-surgery, six cycles of chemotherapy were administered. An 11-month follow-up period revealed tumor recurrence and progression, with multiple lesions but no distant metastases.

Conclusions

A rare case of cardiovascular IS located in the left atrium has been documented. Diagnosing this condition poses significant challenges based solely on histological, cytomorphological, and immunophenotypic characteristics, as differentiation from angiosarcoma, malignant mesothelioma, synovial sarcoma, and myxofibrosarcoma is difficult. Consequently, diagnosing IS necessitates a comprehensive approach that integrates clinical presentation, echocardiography, and pathological examinations, encompassing morphology, immunohistochemistry, and genomic analysis. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment option. However, the rate of postoperative recurrence is high, and the prognosis remains poor. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy are suggested. In advanced cases, comprehensive immunotherapy methods may be employed to enhance patient survival rates and quality of life.
From rocks to pixels: a comprehensive framework for grain shape characterization through the image analysis of size, orientation, and form descriptors
Authors: Back A. L. , Kana Tepakbong C. , Bédard L. Paul , Barry A.
Published: February 2025

Accurately describing grain shapes is crucial in geology, mineral exploration, civil engineering, and other sciences. Advances in image analysis now allow for easy object separation and quantitative shape description. However, despite extensive applications in sedimentology, chemistry, and civil engineering, there is no consensus on the use of shape descriptors, and their meanings often remain unclear. This article presents a method for quantitatively describing grain shapes at a micrometer-to-centimeter scale using various image analysis techniques. Our approach selects the most appropriate combination of quantitative descriptors to describe grain shape. This work is based on an extensive literature review across many scientific fields to extract multiple quantitative shape measurements. This paper focuses on size, orientation, and form descriptors. A total of 51 descriptors, including elongation and Fourier amplitudes, were extracted, compiled, and computed using Python. The descriptor computation code is provided as a library with this article. We use principal component analysis to select the most significant descriptors and use multiple descriptors without losing clarity. We validated our approach on generated images. Using this combination of principal component analysis and image-based descriptors, we could discriminate 8 of the 13 ideal forms (ranging from a circle to a dodecagon), showcasing the potential precision when running noiseless data. The process was then applied to a sample of 584 galena grains, and we successfully described quantitatively the shape tendencies within this galena grain population. Our results, accompanied by noisy generated images, highlight the strong influence of roundness, roughness, and form descriptors on each other, which explains the challenges in identifying the best descriptors. This work demonstrates the potential of combining PCA with image-based shape analysis to improve the quantitative description of grains, with implications for sedimentology, mineral exploration, and other fields.
Validation and proposal of a short version of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) for Portuguese adolescent students
Authors: Morais Eva , Santos Anabela Caetano , Mouraz Ana
Published: February 2025

Self-regulated learning is one of the most relevant learning concepts, representing cognitive, metacognitive, emotional, behavioural and motivational aspects. The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) is the most used instrument to measure self-regulated learning. Though, its 81-item structure is lengthy and presents psychometric issues. Additionally, there is no translation/validation of MSLQ for European Portuguese secondary students. This study involved two stages; in the first, the scale’s psychometric properties were examined, and a short version with 56 items was proposed; in the second, the short version was re-analysed. The first sample consisted of 795 adolescents aged 14–19; 429 adolescents formed the second sample, aged 13–17. Confirmatory factor analyses using robust estimators showed a good fit to the data for the three separated first-order models. Also, good reliability values were found, and information reproduction between the original version and this reduced proposal was verified. These results suggest that the proposed Portuguese short version of the MSLQ (MSLQ-PTS) is a valid and reliable measure for adolescent Portuguese samples. Moreover, the shorter version length makes it a more effective tool for practitioners and researchers.
From pixels to policy: deciphering G-20 countries’ digitalization, resource management, external conflicts, governance, and environmental frameworks
Authors: Liu Qi , Mehmood Usman
Published: February 2025

Due to economic growth, significant natural resource overuse and unsustainable use have hastened the adverse effects of excessive consumption, which has resulted in large increases in ecological footprint. Additionally, energy insecurity, increasing fossil fuel usage, and environmental unsustainability are significant challenges resulting from the escalating wars. However, resource consumption and environmental footprints may be impacted by the shift of energy systems and economic activity that promotes the use of clean energy and aids in the digitalization process. Thus, by incorporating external conflicts (EC) into the model, this study examines the effects of natural resources (NR), the digital economy (DIE), government stability (GOV), and clean energy (RE) on the ecological footprint (EF) in G-20 nations from 2000 to 2021. To provide panel estimates resistant to slope heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence (CD), momentum quantile regression (MMQR) is used. The empirical findings show that the digital economy and natural resources are growing their economic footprints in the G-20 economies and are a major danger to the quality of the environment. The government and clean energy, however, contribute to a less ecological footprint. Furthermore, reducing disputes reduces ecological impact while improving economic conditions degrades environmental quality. These estimates serve as the foundation for comprehensive policies that enhance environmental quality through the energy transition, digitization, and sustainable use of natural resources.
Impact of comorbid burden on global left cardiac function and prediction models for myocardial function damage: a cardiac magnetic resonance feature-tracking study
Authors: Qu XiaoFeng , Bai Miaomiao , Lyu Jianbo , Yin Lili , Zhang Jiahui , Zhao Endong , Mei Lingjun
Published: February 2025

Objective

This study aimed to explore the effects of comorbid burden on left cardiac myocardial function in patients without organic heart disease and to construct prediction models for myocardial function damage.

Methods

A total of 82 healthy individuals and 198 patients with comorbid burden who had normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were recruited. Comorbid burden included hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia. Based on the number of comorbidities, the patients were divided into two groups: comorbid burden <2 and comorbid burden ≥2. Cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) was used to measure myocardial strain parameters.

Results

After adjustment, the left atrial (LA) reservoir strain (p = 0.011) and conduit strain (p < 0.001) were significantly lower in patients with a comorbid burden ≥2. The left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (p < 0.001) and global radial strain (p = 0.010) were decreased in both the comorbid burden<2 and comorbid burden≥2 groups. The LV global circumferential strain (p = 0.006) was reduced in the comorbid burder≥2 group. Comorbid burden combined with male sex, postprandial blood glucose (PBG), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) proved to be excellent predictors of LV myocardial function damage (AUC = 0.848). In contrast, comorbid burden combined with male sex was only a fair predictor of LA myocardial function damage (AUC = 0.651).

Conclusion

CMR-FT can detect left-sided myocardial function damage in patients with comorbid burden but without organic heart disease prior to a decrease in LVEF. Comorbid burden combined with male sex, PBG, and FBG showed excellent predictive ability for LV myocardial function damage. Comorbid burden combined with the male sex showed a fair predictive ability for LA myocardial function damage.
Exploring non-alcohol-based disinfectant: virucidal efficacy of arginine and Zinc chloride against feline calicivirus
Authors: Kong Li Ying Marcella , Masirevic Srdan , Tan Yong Wah , Marzinek Jan K. , Fox Stephen John , Verma Chandra S. , Bond Peter J. , Ishida Yoshiki , Liu Jiquan , Chua Chun Song , Chu Justin Jang Hann
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Norovirus, a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, is notably stable in the environment due to its non-enveloped nature. In the absence of effective vaccines or treatments, disinfection remains the primary prevention strategy, highlighting the importance of virucidal efficacy in household care products. Conventional effective disinfectants are predominantly alcohol-based, but alcohol is known to pose health risks, such as skin irritation. This study investigates a non-alcohol-based alternative, specifically a combination of Arginine and Zinc chloride (ZnCl2).

Methods

Utilizing MS2 bacteriophage as a surrogate, we identified a robust combination of arginine and ZnCl2 that is effective against Feline Calicivirus (FCV), a mammalian virus surrogate model for Norovirus.

Results

Our results determined a 5 min contact time at pH 11 as optimal, achieving significant virucidal activity against FCV without pH-induced reversibility. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses suggested that the mechanism of action for the Arg-Zn2+-Arg complex does not involve capsid disruption. Further insights from molecular modeling studies revealed that the complex potentially inhibits FCV by occupying a key capsid binding pocket essential for Junctional Adhesion Molecule (JAM) receptor engagement, thereby preventing viral entry.

Conclusion

These findings allow us to propose a novel and non-alcohol-based virucidal approach against viruses from the Caliciviridae family, highlighting the potential of Arg-Zn2+-Arg complexes in public health protection.
Lumbosacral plexopathy following alcohol-induced rhabdomyolysis: a case report
Authors: Seliverstova E. G. , Sinkin M. V. , Grin A. A.
Published: February 2025

Objective

We present a rare case of lumbosacral plexopathy secondary to alcohol-induced rhabdomyolysis.

Case description

A 58-year-old male patient was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). He reported a sensation of weakness in both legs and a tingling sensation in his feet upon awakening post binge drinking. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thoracic and lumbar spine did not reveal any intraspinal abnormalities. However, an MRI showed lesions with abnormal intensities in both paraspinal muscles. Serum creatine phosphokinase level was markedly elevated. A diagnosis of lumbosacral plexopathy following alcohol-induced rhabdomyolysis was determined by clinical findings, MRI data and an electrophysiological evaluation. Upon discharge, lower limb strength was significantly improved.

Discussion

In severe rhabdomyolysis, the resulting kidney injury and electrolyte imbalances can lead to systemic complications, including peripheral neuropathy or plexopathy. The exact mechanisms by which this occurs are not fully understood, however it is believed that the accumulation of toxic substances, electrolyte imbalances, and metabolic disturbances can contribute to nerve damage and dysfunction. Therefore, lumbosacral plexopathy should be included in the differential diagnosis of such cases, presenting with sudden leg weakness.
Investigation of protective effects of olanzapine on impaired learning and memory using behavioral tests in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Komaki Somayeh , Amiri Parsa , Safari Samaneh , Abbasi Ebrahim , Ramezani-Aliakbari Fatemeh , Golipoor Mandana , Kourosh-Arami Masoumeh , Rashno Masome , Komaki Alireza
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Consequently, antioxidants may mitigate neurotoxicity induced by beta-amyloid (Aβ) and potentially reduce cell death. Previous research has demonstrated that olanzapine (OLZ) possesses antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. In this study, we investigated the protective and therapeutic effects of OLZ on an animal model of AD induced by Aβ using behavioral assessments.

Methods

Rats were randomly assigned to one of five groups (n = 10 rats per group): a control group, a sham group that received an intracerebrovascular (ICV) injection of phosphate-buffered saline (the solvent for Aβ), an AD group that received an ICV injection of Aβ, an OLZ group that received OLZ via gavage for two months, and an AD + OLZ group that received OLZ for one month before and one month after AD induction.

Results

We used the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), Barnes Maze (BM), Passive Avoidance Test (PAT), and Morris Water Maze (MWM) to assess behavioral performance in the experimental rats. Aβ administration impaired cognition and increased anxiety-like behavior. Treatment with OLZ improved cognitive decline and reduced anxiety-like behavior in Aβ-infused rats.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that OLZ can restore cognitive performance and alleviate anxiety-like behavior following Aβ injection. Thus, OLZ may have both preventive and therapeutic potential for AD and could be considered a viable pharmacological option.
Role of guanylate-binding protein 1 in the proliferation of invasive lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Kumada Takashi , Mimae Takahiro , Tsubokawa Norifumi , Kushitani Kei , Takeshima Yukio , Miyata Yoshihiro , Okada Morihito
Published: February 2025

Background

Guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1) is involved in the malignant progression of lung adenocarcinoma, particularly in the acquisition of invasive potential. However, its role in tumor proliferation and therapeutic viability in invasive lung adenocarcinomas remains unclear.

Methods

This study included 99 patients with invasive lung adenocarcinoma, excluding those with non-invasive lepidic components, who had undergone complete pulmonary resection. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the presence of GBP1, and its prognostic significance was assessed using uni- and multi-variable Cox regression analyses. Additionally, the expression levels of GBP1 gene and protein levels were evaluated in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (PC-9, A549, NCI-H322, NCI-H441, NCI-H820, and ABC-1), and its proliferative role in these cell lines was analyzed using specific inhibitors targeting GBP1.

Results

GBP1 expression was detected in 45 (45.5%) patients. The 5-year overall survival rates for GBP1-positive and -negative patients were 66.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 46.3–80.0%) and 85.7% (95% CI: 72.0–93.0%), respectively (P = 0.029). The multivariable analysis demonstrated that GBP1 positivity was an independent factor for poor overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.52 [95% CI: 1.02–6.22], P = 0.045). GBP1 gene and protein were markedly expressed in NCI-H820 than in NCI-H322 and ABC-1. The inhibitor targeting GBP1 significantly suppressed the growth of NCI-H820 but not that of NCI-H322 or ABC-1.

Conclusions

GBP1 is a prognostic factor that may be involved in the proliferation of invasive lung adenocarcinoma, suggesting that inhibiting GBP1 activity may be a promising therapeutic approach for lung adenocarcinoma patients expressing GBP1.
Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma, superficial myofibroblastoma, sex cord-stromal tumors, and HSIL in Peutz−Jeghers syndrome: a rare case report, genetic characterization, and review of literature
Authors: Sun Dongjin , Li Yumei , Cao Zhixing
Published: February 2025

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is characterized by an increased risk of gynecologic tumors. Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (GEA) is a rare non-human papillomavirus (HPV)-related tumor. We reported an uncommon case of a 39-year-old woman with PJS who developed GEA, superficial cervical vaginal myofibroblastoma, sex cord-stromal tumors with annular tubules of the ovaries, and cervical and vaginal high-grade squamous interepithelial neoplasia (HSIL). Before being verified GEA, the patient had been experiencing suspicious symptoms for over 9 years, with nabothian cysts and vaginitis being misdiagnosed. HSIL displayed widespread p16 immunostaining, and HPV DNA screening confirmed HPV-18 infection, although GEA was negative. Further, we verified TP53 mutation and HER2 amplification of GEA by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). TP53 was the most commonly mutated gene. The therapy with the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab was suggested based on HER2 amplification. We also analyzed the somatic mutations of GEA by whole genome sequencing (WES). There were 157 single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and 215 indels, with all of them being heterozygotes. Nonsynonymous and frameshift insertions were the most common kinds of mutations. The germine STK11 gene mutation was found, which may play an important role in tumor development. According to gene function enrichment analyses, the genomic changes primarily implicated general transcription or expression pathways and cell cycle pathways. In addition, the JAK2/STAT3 pathway could be a major focus of targeted therapy for GEA patients with PJS. Our findings show that the patient with PJS can have a variety of unusual gynecologic tumors. Patients with PJS must have routine gynecological, ultrasonographic, and cytological examinations to detect precursor or early-stage lesions. The patient’s abnormal symptoms must be treated early with caution. A comprehensive genomic study reveals the potential causative genetic factors, therapeutic targets, and chemotherapy resistance of GEA. Further research will focus on the main driving genes, molecular mechanisms, and molecular target therapy in more patients.
Case report: An invasive and giant hemolymphangioma of the pancreas in a young man
Authors: Wang Pin , Wang Mancai , Liu Yongyong
Published: February 2025

Hemolymphangioma is a rare benign tumor, with only 12 reported cases in the pancreas as of May 2024. We present an invasive and giant hemolymphangioma of the pancreas in a young man who experienced abdominal pain and left epigastric distension for approximately 10 days. Imaging studies revealed a large cystic tumor located in the body and tail of the pancreas, which was compressing the partial lesser curvature of the stomach and spleen, displaying a “beaver tail” liver appearance on computed tomography scans. After surgery, he was diagnosed with hemolymphangioma of the pancreas, and there were no signs of recurrence upon follow-up. We conclude that diagnosing hemolymphangioma of the pancreas can be challenging. Whenever possible, radical surgical resection should be performed, and long-term follow-up is essential.
Effects of gastrointestinal symptoms on the efficacy of washed microbiota transplantation in patients with autism
Authors: Hu Dong-Xia , Lu Cai-Mei , Si Xin-Yu , Wu Qing-Ting , Wu Li-Hao , Zhong Hao-Jie , He Xing-Xiang
Published: February 2025

Objective

Washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), though the factors that influence its efficacy remain poorly understood. This study explores the impact of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms on the effectiveness of WMT in ASD.

Methods

Clinical data encompassing ASD symptoms, GI disturbances, and sleep disorders were collected from patients with ASD undergoing WMT. The therapeutic impact of WMT and the contributing factors to its efficacy were assessed.

Results

WMT significantly reduced scores on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), alongside a significant reduction in the incidence of constipation, abnormal stool forms, and diarrhea (all p < 0.05). After six courses of WMT, substantial reductions were observed in ABC, CARS, and SDSC scores, with increased treatment courses correlating with greater improvement (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that WMT efficacy was enhanced in patients with pre-existing GI symptoms (diarrhea: β = 0.119, p < 0.001; abnormal stool form: β = 0.201, p < 0.001) and those receiving a higher number of treatment courses (β = 0.116, p < 0.001). Additionally, the analysis indicated that treatment outcomes were more favorable in patients who had not undergone adjunct interventions (β = −0.041, p = 0.002), had a longer disease duration (β = 0.168, p = 0.007), and exhibited more severe disease symptoms (β = 0.125, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

WMT significantly alleviates both ASD and GI symptoms, along with sleep disturbances, in affected individuals. Six treatment courses resulted in notable improvement, with increased course numbers further improving therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, pre-treatment GI symptoms, such as diarrhea and abnormal stool forms, may influence the effectiveness of WMT. Notably, patients who did not receive additional interventions, had a prolonged disease duration, and presented with more severe symptoms experienced markedly improved treatment responses.
The role and application of bioinformatics techniques and tools in drug discovery
Authors: Zhang Shujun , Liu Kaijie , Liu Yafeng , Hu Xinjun , Gu Xinyu
Published: February 2025

The process of drug discovery and development is both lengthy and intricate, demanding a substantial investment of time and financial resources. Bioinformatics techniques and tools can not only accelerate the identification of drug targets and the screening and refinement of drug candidates, but also facilitate the characterization of side effects and the prediction of drug resistance. High-throughput data from genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics make significant contributions to mechanics-based drug discovery and drug reuse. This paper summarizes bioinformatics technologies and tools in drug research and development and their roles and applications in drug research and development, aiming to provide references for the development of new drugs and the realization of precision medicine.
Mechanisms of blood flow restriction training for knee pain: a mini review
Authors: Xie Shi-Yu , Jiang Xue , Yuan Jia-Bin , Luo Jing , Song Shun , Hu Hao-Yu
Published: February 2025

Knee pain, affecting an estimated 654 million people worldwide, so blood flow restriction training (BFRT) is catching the spotlight as an effective intervention. Evidence continues to demonstrate the effectiveness of BFRT in managing knee pain. However, the mechanism by which BFRT alleviates knee pain remains unclear, thereby limiting its application in clinical pain management. This study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of BFRT to better understand its efficacy in treating knee pain. This review will discuss the influence of muscle hypertrophy, endogenous opioid system, endocannabinoids, inflammation regulation, and conditional pain regulation on BFRT treatment of knee pain. Current studies on BFRT have limitations, such as small sample sizes, relatively low-quality evidence, and lack of mechanistic studies. Therefore, further research on BFRT is needed, particularly high-quality and large-sized randomized controlled trials.
Negative rumination in depression subtypes with melancholic features and anxious distress
Authors: Wang Hong-li , Shi Xiao-ning , Zhao Jin-long , Jia Qiong , Xu Wei , Dun Wen-wen , Zhao Ying-ying
Published: February 2025

Background

Aberrant cognition is one of the crucial symptoms of depression. However, whether the negative rumination participates in depression with melancholic features or anxious distress remains unclear.

Methods

In this study, we addressed this issue by compiling a questionnaire that can comprehensively measure the negative cognitive processing bias in depression. We also conducted an exhaustive analysis of its influencing factors, including the subtype of depression, age, gender, age of onset, family history of mental disorder, and education year.

Results

We found that depression increased negative attention bias, negative memory bias, negative interpretation bias, and negative rumination bias. Importantly, among the several dimensions of negative cognitive bias, negative rumination bias was more serious in the melancholic than anxious subgroup. Furthermore, Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that negative rumination bias correlates with family history and age of onset of depression.

Limitations

We mainly explored melancholic and anxiety subgroups and did not include other subtypes. Due to time constraints, we did not conduct long-term follow-ups or explore the neural mechanisms of the differences between depressive and anxious rumination.

Conclusion

Our results contribute to the existing literature on the psychological mechanisms underlying aberrant cognition in depression. These findings could provide guidance for clinical practice and individualized precision treatment of cognitive biases in major depressive disorder. Therefore, rumination-focused therapies would be tailored differently for melancholic versus anxious subgroups.
The relationship between e-Health literacy and cyberchondria in Iranian students of health sciences
Authors: Kalantari Amirreza , Valizadeh-Haghi Saeideh , Starcevic Vladan , Shahbodaghi Azam , Rahmatizadeh Shahabedin , Zayeri Farid , Khazaal Yasser
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Cyberchondria has been growing in recent years. Understanding the relationship between e-Health Literacy and Cyberchondria is important, as enhancing e-Health Literacy perhaps empower individuals to navigate online health information without experiencing Cyberchondria. The present study aimed to investigate levels of e-Health Literacy and Cyberchondria in Iranian students of health sciences and examine the relationship between e-Health Literacy and Cyberchondria.

Methods

To assess this, a sample of 241 undergraduate students of health sciences were recruited. They were administered two instruments for the assessment of e-Health Literacy and Cyberchondria: eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) and Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS).

Results

Findings showed that the mean total CSS score was 72.61, while the mean total eHEALS score was 28.50. Students who reported having a chronic disease had a significantly higher mean total CSS score than those who considered themselves healthy. The correlation between the total eHEALS scores and total CSS scores was very weak (r = -0.074). Total eHEALS scores correlated significantly and negatively with the distress (r = -0.288) and compulsion (r = -0.163) CSS subscales and significantly and positively with the reassurance (r = 0.174) and excessiveness (r = 0.141) CSS subscales.

Conclusion

The relationship between e-health literacy and cyberchondria is complex. While people may develop cyberchondria irrespective of the level of their e-health literacy, a high level of e-health literacy may be protective in terms of alleviating distress and problems in functioning that occur with excessive online health searches. These findings are likely to inform future studies in this area.
Revolutionizing e-health: the transformative role of AI-powered hybrid chatbots in healthcare solutions
Authors: Wah Jack Ng Kok
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare, particularly through hybrid chatbots, is reshaping the industry by enhancing service delivery, patient engagement, and clinical outcomes. These chatbots combine AI with human input to provide intelligent, personalized interactions in areas like diagnostics, chronic disease management, and mental health support. However, gaps remain in trust, data security, system integration, and user experience, which hinder widespread adoption. Key challenges include the hesitancy of patients to trust AI due to concerns over data privacy and the accuracy of medical advice, as well as difficulties in integrating chatbots into existing healthcare infrastructures. The review aims to assess the effectiveness of hybrid AI chatbots in improving healthcare outcomes, reducing costs, and enhancing patient engagement, while identifying barriers to adoption such as cultural adaptability and trust issues. The novelty of the review lies in its comprehensive exploration of both technological advancements and the socio-emotional factors influencing chatbot acceptance.

Methods

The review follows a systematic methodology with four core components: eligibility criteria, review selection, data extraction, and data synthesis. Studies focused on AI applications and hybrid chatbots in healthcare, particularly in chronic disease management and mental health support, were included. Publications from 2022 to 2025 were prioritized, and peer-reviewed sources in English were considered. After screening 116 studies, 29 met the criteria for inclusion. Data was extracted using a structured template, capturing study objectives, methodologies, findings, and challenges. Thematic analysis was applied to identify four themes: AI applications, technical advancements, user adoption, and challenges/ethical concerns. Statistical and content analysis methods were employed to synthesize the data comprehensively, ensuring robustness in the findings.

Results

Hybrid chatbots in healthcare have shown significant benefits, such as reducing hospital readmissions by up to 25%, improving patient engagement by 30%, and cutting consultation wait times by 15%. They are widely used for chronic disease management, mental health support, and patient education, demonstrating their efficiency in both developed and developing countries.

Discussion

The review concludes that overcoming these barriers through infrastructure investment, training, and enhanced transparency is crucial for maximizing the potential of AI in healthcare. Future researchers should focus on long-term outcomes, addressing ethical considerations, and expanding cross-cultural adaptability. Limitations of the review include the narrow scope of some case studies and the absence of long-term data on AI’s efficacy in diverse healthcare contexts. Further studies are needed to explore these challenges and the long-term impact of AI-driven healthcare solutions.
Age- and sex-related development of osteosarcopenia in the aging Octodon degus rodent model
Authors: Gallo-Soljancic Pablo , De Stefano Maria Egle , Lucas-Ochoa Ana-María , Sánchez-Rodrigo Consuelo , Cuemca-Bermejo Lorena , González-Cuello Ana-María , Fernández-Villalba Emiliano , Herrero María-Trinidad
Published: February 2025

The increase in life expectancy in recent years has resulted in a higher incidence of age-related diseases. Among these, osteoporosis and sarcopenia, collectively known as osteosarcopenia, have the most significant impact on the quality of life, general health and frailty in the elderly. As for other age-related diseases, pre-clinical studies on these conditions are primarily limited by the availability of experimental model systems. The Octodon degus (O. degus) is a long-lived diurnal rodent identified as a potential tool in ageing research. However, age-related osteosarcopenia changes have not yet been explored. In this study, male and female O. degus from juvenile to senile ages were used (6 months–7 years old). Changes in the volume of several forelimbs and hindlimbs muscles, e.g., biceps femoris, triceps brachii, femur, and humerus, were evaluated using computed tomography. Aged animals showed a significant decrease in muscle volume in both hindlimbs and forelimbs, along with a significant reduction in cortical bone volume. With ageing, sex differences were also observed, with female O. degus showing greater cortical bone volume in both hind and forelimbs, and greater muscle mass in the sole hindlimbs, compared to male. These findings enhance the characterization of O. degus as a model to study age-related pathologies, also considering sex differences, and lay down solid foundations for future studies that can address in more detail the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of osteosarcopenia.
Gender equality in smart sustainable cities: literature review
Authors: Ababneh Alaa , Lok Ka Leung , Abdeyazdan Hossein , Opoku Alex , Chen Charles
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has garnered significant attention globally, emphasizing the need for achieving the 17 goals that promote sustainable development. Among these, the fifth goal focuses on gender equality, which has become increasingly important in various nations. Notably, there is a recognized connection between SDG 11, which pertains to sustainable cities, and SDG 5. The concept of smart cities under SDG 11 is viewed as pivotal in enhancing gender equality. However, existing research exploring the relationship between smart cities and gender equality remains limited.

Methods

This study employs a bibliometric review technique utilizing the Bibliometrix tool to conduct a comprehensive analysis of literature related to SDG 5, SDG 11, and smart cities. This method allows for an extensive examination of existing research articles to identify trends and themes within the literature.

Results

The analysis revealed that many research articles frequently cited terms associated with sustainability, community, design, transportation, and mobility. It was found that most studies focusing on SDG 5 and SDG 11 through the lens of smart cities primarily aim to: (1) Understand and promote sustainability principles. (2) Address social issues. (3) Develop inclusive solutions. (4) Improve transportation for women and their commuting needs. Additionally, there is a noted increase in scholarly interest regarding health and climate issues about SDGs 5 and 11.

Discussion

The findings indicate a significant gap in the literature concerning the interplay between smart cities and gender equality, suggesting that further research is necessary to understand this relationship fully. The emphasis on sustainability principles and inclusive solutions highlights the potential for smart city initiatives to contribute positively to gender equality. As interest in health and climate issues grows within this context, it underscores the need for integrated approaches that address multiple dimensions of sustainable development while promoting gender equity.
Does becoming a parent reduce sports participation? A longitudinal study of short- and long-term effects
Authors: Bekhuis Hidde , van Abswoude Femke
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Parenthood can have a negative effect on sport behaviour despite the known health benefits of participation in sports. Recent studies have shown that becoming a parent is related to a reduction in exercise. However, this relationship is less clear for men than women. In addition, most studies only focused on short-term effects. Therefore, it is unknown whether these effects remain prevalent one year after becoming a parent.

Method

Using twelve data waves of the Dutch Longitudinal Internet studies for the Social Sciences (LISS) panel, we examined the influence of becoming a parent on sport behaviour in the short- (<1 year) and long-term (>1 year). Given the known differences between men and women, we also examined possible gender differences in this change. Multilevel logistic regression of the data of 6,276 observations for 725 respondents showed that the short- and long-term effects of becoming a parent have different implications for the sport behaviour of men and women.

Results

While men's participation in sports is not affected by parenthood, women initially stop participating in sports, but they start again after one year. Additionally, women's frequency of engagement in sports is reduced when they become mothers. In contrast, the frequency of sport engagement is not affected when men become fathers. From a resource perspective, the results show how limited time and energy can differentially affect the sport behaviour of men and women after they become parents.

Discussion

Together with the different pathways of sport participation in the short- and long-term, these results can inform the development of interventions aimed at sustainable physical activity for new parents.