bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Readers View Mug Shots
Authors: Lain Laurence B.
Published: January 2017

Readers were in substantial agreement on their impressions of the subjects of news stories, as were other readers who viewed only the mugshots associated with those stories. These judgments correlated significantly with one another, suggesting that mugshots were being selected, deliberately or not, to reflect positive or negative charactertistics of story subjects.
Predicting Religion Reporters' Use of a Denominational News Service
Authors: Buddenbaum Judith M.
Published: January 2017

Regression analysis of survey data indicates personal religious preference is the demographic characteristic best able to predict a religion journalist's use of a particular denominational news service. However, the journalist's own religious preference is a much weaker predictor than is the strength of the religious tradition in the newspaper's circulation area. For the most part, using a denominational news service depends on the gatekeeper's perception that the news service provides accurate information about the kinds of news readers need and want.
Commentary: Polls are Predictions (So Let's Stop Kidding Ourselves)
Authors: Meyer Philip
Published: January 2017

Pre-election polls provide newsworthy checks on the validity of the polling process itself. Pollsters and media often prefer to avoid such checks, and so they offer ambiguous results capable of a variety of post-election interpretations. The most popular ambiguity-preserving device is to do nothing about the undecided who can then be blamed for whatever deviations occur between the poll and the outcome. Newspaper readers deserve better treatment with final pre-election polls presented so straightforward comparisons between polls and elections can be made.
Rating the Performance of Newsroom Professionals
Authors: Beaupre Lawrence K.
Published: January 2017

Effective performance appraisal can help a newspaper become better and therefore enhance its position in a competitive marketplace. It can help employees improve and grow. A good performance appraisal system can be both a report card on the past and a blueprint for the future.
Evaluating & Valuing Newsroom Diversity
Authors: Phillips Carolyn L.
Published: January 2017

At the bottom of the pecking order in many newspaper newsrooms are minority journalists. How can they be evaluated effectively and honestly when those evaluating them think of them as quota hires, not even comfortable enough with nonwhite staffers to chat with them, let alone give them the feedback that will help their careers?
Evaluation: Fighting the Classroom Paradigm
Authors: Nelson David C.
Published: January 2017

Students may have a tough time in the transition from classroom to newsroom in part because of their lack of understanding about expectations and evaluation. Perhaps grading should more closely resemble evaluation, emphasizing development instead of rigid measures that stand in the way of education.
Assaults on Photo Journalists
Authors: Sherer Michael
Published: January 2017

In their quest for compelling visual images that tell the news, photojournalists often place themselves in harm's way as part of the job. Almost three-quarters of news photographers say they've been threatened with assault while shooting the news and one-third say they've been physically assaulted on the job.
Partisanship in Editorial Endorsements
Authors: Emig Arthur G.
Published: January 2017

How predictable are newspapers' editorial endorsement policies in political races? A study of political endorsements by 18 Florida newspapers between 1968 and 1986 finds patterns of partisanship in races for Senate and the presidency, but less predictability in House contests.
Job Opportunities in Newspaper Research for JMC Master's Graduates
Authors: Schweitzer John C.
Published: January 2017

Research is well-established in the newspaper industry and growing in importance at papers of all sizes, newspaper researchers say. The projected growth in importance of newspaper research suggests potentially rich career opportunities for graduates with the appropriate education, training and experience.
Newsroom 2000
Authors: Pease Ted
Published: January 2017

“It's a great job, but not for my kid!” Journalists are happy with their career choices, but only half would want their … children to follow in their footsteps. Why not? Low pay, long hours, poor prospects and “inhuman” management. And – say a sobering number – newspapers are dinosaurs that probably won't survive.
Electronic Innovations Liberate Newsgatherers
Authors: Tewlow Jules S.
Published: January 2017

Personal information appliances might expand the information universe to an extent hardly imaginable. This is particularly true for journalists who will be freed from desk and chair, able to file news on the spot.
The Viability of the Comprehensive Daily
Authors: Blankenburg William B.
Published: January 2017

The Competitive Analysis Project examines the effects of tradeoffs between market share and profit margin. The result? Direct appeal oriented to advertisers' needs may be the best answer.
Diversity: A Report from the Battlefield
Authors: Jurgensen Karen
Published: January 2017

Multiculturalism is happening in newsrooms, but with it come new challenges crucial to the future of newspapers.
Horserace, Issue Coverage in Prestige Newspapers during 1988, 1992 Elections
Authors: Miller M. Mark , Denham Bryan
Published: January 2017

Despite their best intentions, newspapers apparently couldn't resist the horserace in 1992.
The Problem of Long Leads in News and Sports Stories
Authors: Gillman Timothy
Published: January 2017

Comparison of the News of Boca Raton and 10 Michigan dailies finds leads in revitalized Florida paper about the same as the average in Michigan papers.
African-American Press Coverage of Clarence Thomas Nomination
Authors: Fearn-Banks Kathleen
Published: January 2017

The nomination of Clarence Thomas for the Supreme Court posed a dilemma for African-American newspapers because they had to choose between supporting African-Americans and supporting civil rights. Their mixed coverage of the story reflects this dilemma.
Teachers’ Reported Knowledge and Implementation of Research-Based Classroom and Behavior Management Strategies
Authors: Moore Tara C. , Wehby Joseph H. , Oliver Regina M. , Chow Jason C. , Gordon Jason R. , Mahany Laura A.
Published: January 2017

Teachers’ reported knowledge about and implementation of research-based classroom and behavior management strategies were examined. A total of 160 elementary teachers from two districts in different regions of the same state completed the researcher-developed Survey of Classroom and Behavior Management. On average, teachers reported to be somewhat knowledgeable and to implement somewhat all of the 10 sets of research-based strategies included in the survey. Teachers appeared to be most knowledgeable and more frequently implement prevention practices but less knowledgeable and less frequently implement individualized behavioral intervention strategies. Teachers’ reported knowledge was correlated with their reported use of strategies. There was a significant difference in reported knowledge across the two districts. Implications are provided for areas of future research and for using the survey to identify targets for improved pre-service and inservice training and support.
Protein A Immobilized Poly(Methylmethacrylate-Co-Hydroxyethylmethacrylate) Microbeads for IgG Adsorption
Authors: Ayhan H. , Bulmus V. , Piskin E.
Published: January 2017

Poly(methylmethacrylate- co-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) microbeads in the size range of 1.5-2.0μm were prepared by a phase inversion polymerization. The hydroxyl groups were activated by periodate oxidation, and the active ligand, i.e., protein A was immobilized via a spacer-arm, i.e., hexamethylene diamine (HDMA) by using a cross-linker, i.e., glutaraldehyde and protein A. The optimal concentration obtained for modifications are as follows: sodium periodate concentration: 0.467 × 10−2mmol/mL; HMDA concentration: 3.5 × 10−2mmol/mL; and glutaraldehyde concentration: 0.7 × 10−6mmol/mL. Yields of immobilization of protein A onto the plain and periodate oxidized microbeads were found very close, and were in the range of 0.01-0.02 mg protein A/g microbeads. The optimal conditions for immobilization are as follows: the initial protein A concentration: 0.1 mg/mL; temperature: 25°C; pH: 9.5; and immobilization time:120 min. Incorporation of protein A at these conditions resulted in 0.825 mg protein A/g microbeads. The HIgG adsorption onto these protein A incorporated microbeads was 41 mg HIgG/g microbeads.
Industry associations and technology transfer a new approach
Authors: Maher Theodore J.
Published: January 2017

In the USA, large and small businesses rely on membership in industrialized associations as an important source of advice on technological subjects that concern company productivity, profitability and competitiveness. Such associations relate to every aspect of US industry and form a significant part of the technology exchange network that operates regionally and nationally. Many trade associations also play an unsung role in stimulating the process of technological innovation. They are part of the iceberg that is not seen, but their usefulness is attested to by the membership.
Harvesting research in US academe
Authors: Zaininger Karl Heinz
Published: January 2017

The role of Siemens Corporate Research Inc as a ‘good citizen’ is not only to contribute, participate and share in the creative accomplishment of the US research community, but to support its educational institutions of learning to the extent it can with the available resources.
IBM and HE in the UK
Authors: Kington Brian
Published: January 2017

Despite major advances in the partnership between industry and higher education, much still remains to be achieved in practice. The diverse reasons why IBM United Kingdom invests in education, and higher education in particular, are explored. Key educational issues, relevant to the company's interests, are identified and give a strategic framework for this investment. Examples of the company's involvement with higher education are described to illustrate how the partnership is realized. Finally, key factors in the company's strategy are identified.
The Role of Science Parks and Technology Centres in Technology Transfer
Authors: Dabinett Gordon
Published: January 2017

In the context of the ever-increasing interest of governments at all levels in the promotion and development of technology transfer, the author focuses on its importance in relation to smaller firms and regional economic development. He then examines the various forms which urban and regional development projects can take in this regard and analyses the advantages and disadvantages of science parks and technology resource centres. The mere juxtaposition of businesses and support services, it is argued, is not enough in itself to lead to an innovative environment. Similarly, simplistic assumptions about the role of universities, start-ups, or the entrepreneurial skills of small firms, are unhelpful. For technology transfer to fuel regional development, it is essential that technopoles promote synergy, networking, and the integration of mental and manual activities. In conclusion, several key policy implications are set out.
Technology Transfer at the US National Optical Astronomy Observatories
Authors: Crawford David L.
Published: January 2017

This article provides a summary of the current policies and objectives of the US National Optical Astronomy Observatories (NOAO) in relation to technology transfer activities. NOAO, as one of the world's major astronomical facilities, is engaged in research and development in many areas of frontier technology. It now sees as a significant objective the development of increased interaction with outside organizations to add value, through technology transfer, to its federally funded research and technology efforts.
Industry—University Partnerships in Canada
Authors: Shulman Norm
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this paper is to outline the growing collaboration between industry and universities in Canada. The author postulates the view that, as the nature of the economy has changed, the link between industry and education has shifted its focus to progressively higher levels of education. To illustrate this important shift, he looks at recent partnerships between industrial sectors and universities in Canada's largest province, Ontario.
Vocational Education and Training in Japan — From Industry's Perspective
Authors: Masuda Tomoko , Muta Hiromitsu
Published: January 2017

Higher education in Japan is now at a turning point. The decrease in the 18 year-old population will make it difficult for some universities to survive, while the stagnated economy will require the private sector to seek fewer, excellent employees. The authors focus on vocational education, and first analyse how higher education responds to such changes. They then discuss what industry expects from formal education under these circumstances and how it evaluates that education. The article draws on primary data collected through a questionnaire sent out to Japanese companies.
The Challenge of Worker Education Programmes
Authors: Heide Margaret J.
Published: January 2017

In this paper the author describes one example of a partnership between a corporation and a public institution of higher learning. NYNEX, formerly the New York Telephone Company, and Empire State College of the State University of New York came together to form a unique partnership – the Corporate/College Program. This partnership was created to respond to the needs of the corporation to upgrade their workforce during a period of rapid transition. The author summarizes the primary features of the Program, and outlines some of the benefits and difficulties which have arisen as a result of trying to build a working partnership between the academic and corporate worlds.
University–Enterprise Cooperation in Italy
Authors: Cantoni Aldo
Published: January 2017

This paper describes the activities of the Consortium for Research and Continuing Education (COREP) founded in 1987 on the initiative of the Polytechnic of Turin in Italy. COREP was originally created to stimulate and manage university–enterprise cooperation with a focus on the continuing education of engineers. In partnership with chambers of commerce, local industry (SMEs and large corporations), it has constantly adapted to the needs of the market, in which the demand is now much more for joint training clearly related to the institutional context of the ‘customers’, rather than for short term courses. In the field of research, COREP has been acting as a liaison centre between researchers and the industrial world and has promoted the participation of Italian industry in European research programmes.
Can Entrepreneurship Be Taught?
Authors: Heebøll John
Published: January 2017

Recognizing the importance of a vibrant entrepreneurial culture in the transition from an industrial to an information society, this paper addresses the question of whether entrepreneurship can be taught. A Japanese analysis, which links the ‘near-entrepreneurial experience’ – carefully targeted practical experience for students – to business birth rate, is presented as a positive indicator: by including the near-entrepreneurial experience in entrepreneurial training programmes, the business birth rate can be increased. This points towards the potential for well designed entrepreneurial education and training to achieve a higher impact than has often been assumed. As a specific example, Danish entrepreneurial culture, currently in a state of crisis, is discussed in the context of a particular approach adopted in North Zealand to revitalize the entrepreneurial spirit and direct it towards business start-up.
Managing Economic Transition
Authors: Benedek András , Klekner Péter
Published: January 2017

In the early stages of economic transition in Hungary, stagnation was the dominant characteristic of the country, accompanied by crisis indicators such as marked internal and especially external economic instability, instability in foreign trade, and structural impediments to development. Massive unemployment, a decrease in real wages, evident even today, and the intensification of social inequalities contributed additional tensions to the initial transition phase. In this paper, the authors first outline the main characteristics of the Hungarian economy. Then, against this background, they discuss the status of human resources development during the transition period, the economic and legal reforms taking place in the context of education and vocational training, and finally the role of the social partnership in vocational training. The discussion and conclusions drawn are intended to indicate key issues in workforce development not only in Hungary but in countries throughout the region of Eastern and Central Europe
Synthesis and Properties of Soluble Aromatic Poly(ether benzoxazole)s from 9, 9-bis[4-(4-amino-3-hydroxyphenoxy)Phenyllfluorene and Aromatic Dicarboxylic Acid Chlorides
Authors: Imai Yoshio , Shibasaki Yuji , Takeuchi Hisashi , Park Ki Hong , Kakimoto Masa-Aki
Published: January 2017

An ether-containing bis(o-aminophenol) monomer having a bulky diphenylfluorene unit, 9, 9-bis[4-(4-amino-3-hydroxyphenoxy)phenyl]fluorene, was synthesized by the reaction of 9, 9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene with 2-benzyloxy-4-fluoronitrobenzene giving a bis-nitrobenzene compound, followed by catalytic reduction. Diphenylfluorene-containing aromatic poly(ether benzoxazole)s (PEBOs) having inherent viscosities of 0.57-0.74 dl g-1 were obtained in two steps by the polycondensation of the bis(oaminophenol) with various aromatic dicarboxylic acid chlorides giving precursor poly(ether o-hydroxyamide)s, and subsequent thermal cyclodehydration. These aromatic PEBOs were soluble on heating in N- methyl-2-pyrrolidone and m-cresol. The glass transition temperatures and 10% weight loss temperatures of the PEBOs were in the ranges of 258-294 'C and 560-580 0C, respectively, in nitrogen.
Carbon/Kevlar/PEEK Thermoplastic Composites
Authors: Gupta Vinay , Mathur R. B. , Dhami T. L. , Bahl O. P.
Published: January 2017

Thermoplastic composites were developed from carbon/hybrid (1: 1)/Kevlar fabrics using a high-performance polyether ether ketone (PEEK) matrix. The mechanical properties and microstructure of the composites show that the type of fiber has a strong influence on the fiber-matrix bonding and fracture behavior of the composites. The fracture energy of the composites was of the order of -30 kJ m-2 for carbon/PEEK and hybrid/PEEK composites.
Thermal Characterizations of Chitosan and Polyacrylonitrile Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks
Authors: Kim Seon Jeong , Shin Su Ryon , Kim Sun I.
Published: January 2017

The thermal characterization of the semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dielectric analysis (DEA). The melting temperature (Tm) of semi-IPNs were observed with increasing chitosan content using DSC. DEA was employed to ascertain the glass transition temperature (Tg) of semi-IPNs. In the results of DEA, three relaxation peaks appeared around 100, 200 and 290 'C for the semi-IPNs, and the semi-IPNs exhibited two Tgs indicating the presence of phase separation in the semi-IPN. The thermal decomposition of semi-IPNs was investigated using TGA and appeared near 208 0C.
The Solubility of Polyimides in Polar Aprotic Solvents
Authors: Suleiman-Rosado David , Hinkley Jeffrey A.
Published: January 2017

Activity coefficients and Gibbs free energies of mixing were calculated for aromatic polyimides in various polar aprotic solvents. Group additivity approaches were used to derive approximate solubility parameters for the polymers. Free energies of mixing were found to be negative, and limiting activity coefficients were indicative of very strong solvating forces. Contrary to experiment, these results would predict complete miscibility.

Two explanations are proposed for these findings: (i) a single cohesive energy density parameter may not properly characterize specific interactions; and (ii) even nominally amorphous samples may contain various degrees of crystalline-like order which provide additional free energy differences.
New Semi-interpenetrating Polymeric Networks from Linear Polyimide and Maleimide-terminated or Acetylene-terminated Thermosets
Authors: Pascal T. , Sillion B. , Grosjean F. , Grenier-Loustalot M. F. , Grenier P.
Published: January 2017

Starting from an aromatic diamine carrying a pendant cyano group, 2,6-(3-aminophenoxy)benzonitrile, BACN, we have synthesized a thermoplastic linear polyimide, PI-BACN, by polycondensation with 3,3′;4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride and two difunctional thermosets: a bismaleimide monomer, BMI-BACN, and a bisacetylenic monomer, BEPA-BACN. Two types of blends with variable proportions of each components have been studied: (i) PI-BACN polyimide and BMI-BACN monomer; (ii) PI-BACN polyimide and BEPA-BACN monomer. These blends were cured at 300°C or 280°C depending on the thermosetting monomer to give semi-interpenetrating polymeric networks (semi-IPNs). Thermomechanical and dynamic mechanical analyses of semi-IPN films indicated phase separation between the linear polyimide and the crosslinked bismaleimide, but showed rather good miscibility between the linear polyimide and the crosslinked bisacetylenic resin. Compared to the basic linear polyimide, the semi-interpenetrating structure led to a reduction of the room temperature adhesive joint strengths but allowed for the conservation of adhesive and mechanical tensile properties in the region of the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic polymer (Tg240°C).
A Novel Cyclone Heat Exchange
Authors: Syred N. , O'Doherty T. , Biffin M. , Sharief R.
Published: January 2017

This paper describes a programme of work directed at applying novel cyclone dust separator technology to cyclone preheater towers. The novel technology utilises a concept called a Vortex Collector Pocket which is used to improve overall collection efficiency as well as making possible the construction of a very compact novel direct contact solid to gas heat exchanger. Cyclone preheater towers are formed by connecting four or more large cyclones in series to the end of a cement kiln. Raw cement meal falls from the top stage through the system in counterflow to the hot gases forming a direct contact gas to solid heat exchanger of potentially high effectiveness. Work directed at producing a 1/10 scale pilot model of a compact high efficiency cyclone preheater tower is described together with preliminary data.
A Multi Fuelled Cyclone Combustor
Authors: O'Doherty T. , Morgan D.J. , Syred N.
Published: January 2017

The paper outlines a series of tests carried out on a prototype 1.5 MW vertical cyclone combustor with integral ash removal which removes in excess of 80% of the ash. For high calorific value fuels such as coal the system is run fuel rich to avoid slagging. The low calorific value exhaust gases are passed via a transfer duct into an inverted swirl burner/furnace arrangement where final burnout of the gasified products occur.

The sytem, designed to utilise a wide range of solid fuels was evaluated for a range of biomass materials and coal. The coal work investigated the effects of crushed (dm ≃ 250 μm) and pulverised (dm ≃ 70–80 μm) bituminous coals on system performance whilst biomass trials investigated the effects of chopped straw, chicken litter, shredded paper and refuse derived fuels.

The fuel and air were premixed and fired tangentially in all cases into the primary combustor. The combustor was operated over a range of mixture ratios (φ) from fuel rich (φ = 0.5) to fuel lean (φ = 2.0) with temperatures in the order of 1250°C, hence operated in a non-slagging mode. The whole system was operated with a minimum of secondary air, required only to burn the gasified products from the primary chamber.

The trials included monitoring of exhaust gases for a range of emissions. In addition, isokinetic sampling of the exhaust gases was carried out to determine particulate emission levels.

Results show that best fuel burnout is achieved with biomass material levels better than 99% being achieved. Satisfactory performance was achieved with coal, (ash retention emissions) with fuel burnout in the order of 80%. Ash retention values for the biomass materials was in excess of 80% up to 98%. Coal ash retention levels were lower when analysed on a mass balance basis but of the same order when considering particulate emissions.
Factors Which Affect Coke Fired Furnaces
Authors: Griffiths A.J.
Published: January 2017

On-line Experimental investigations have been carried out to examine parameters which show marked changes in the performance of coke fired cupolas during melting such that a decrease in optimum conditions can be predicted. This decrease in performance usually results in increase in pollution levels, especially that of particulate emissions from the stack. Previous models by other workers have been examined and classified into three groups, those involving the use of heat transfer coefficients, thermodynamic and chemical methods, and models based on the statistical analysis of data.

From the measurements of the top gases it is shown that the carbon monoxide levels identify problems within the melting zone and that a drop in the carbon monoxide level indicates that the iron temperature is about to fall and that foaming slag is developing.
A Comparison of Hazardous and Solid Radioactive Waste Treatment and Disposal
Authors: Little R.D. , Maul P.R. , Smith G.M. , Towler P.A.
Published: January 2017

Comparisons have been frequently drawn between the radioactive and hazardous waste industries. However, they have tended to focus on particular aspects of the industries rather than the totality of waste management practices. In this paper a “cradle to grave” approach is taken, summarising and comparing practices in the two industries at all stages of the waste management cycle in OECD countries. In these countries there has been a convergence of approaches in recent years, with the hazardous waste industry now employing many of the practices which were developed for radioactive waste at a much earlier date. There is increasing emphasis on waste minimisation and volume reduction in both areas, and near surface engineered disposal facilities for the two types of waste now share many common features. The most notable outstanding difference between the two industries is the timescales of concern considered in post-disposal performance assessments. For radioactive waste, the impacts of disposal have been considered for timescales of many thousands, or even millions, of years into the future. The question of whether it is necessary to consider environmental impacts over such extended periods is only now becoming an issue for hazardous wastes.
Global Climate Change: European Policy Makers' Views of How Science Enters the Political Process
Authors: Kempten Willett , Craig Paul P. , Kuennen Craig R.
Published: January 2017

This paper examines the process of establishing scientific consensus in the global climate change debate, as reported in interviews with policy makers, administrators and advisors in four European countries. We focus on three areas: 1) the European political community's deliberate organization of scientists to advise them on global climate change science policy; 2) European rationales for taking policy action in the presence of high scientific uncertainty, and 3) European interpretations of United States policy in terms of United States culture and public opinion.

We find that consensus on global climate change is seemingly being reached - or at least publicly stated - more readily in Europe than in the United States. This appears to result from several deliberately-created European consensus building processes by representatives from the scientific community and government. In contrast, in the United States both the science of global climate change and the implications for public policy have been much more contested and debated. Extreme ends of the range of scientific opinion appear to be given more weight in the United States than in Europe, in part because of the contrasting fora available. Finally, our European interviewees attributed United States timidity on climate change remediation to American culture and voter unwillingness to forgo energy use.
A Method of Calculating the Social Cost of “Clean” Electricity
Authors: Ben-Aderet Nissim , Soloveitchik David
Published: January 2017

This article presents a methodology and estimation of the social benefit of using “clean” technologies of electricity generation. The methodology is based on the margin production cost of electricity and on the avoided pollution cost. The results obtained from our study enable us to estimate the payment to the “clean” electricity producers using the avoided cost methodology. The results show that the social cost for 1 kWh produced by “clean” technologies is higher by 5% than the cost of 1 kwh produced by the mix of the conventional technologies for electricity generation of the same demand level.
Review of Aerothermally Induced Vibrations in Gas Turbine Engines
Authors: Najjar Yousef S.H.
Published: January 2017

High or changing vibration amplitude patterns in turbomachines are signs of impending failure or a machines deterioration. If properly diagnosed, this information can help improve performance, reliability; reduce maintenance cost; and avoid serious outages.

Vibrations could be caused by structural or aerodynamic excitations, in addition to combustion pulsations. Methods of decreasing vibrations are mentioned, where selection of proper materials plays an important role.

These areas are reviewed briefly in this work.
Photovoltaics in Africa and the gef: The Right Path to Sustainable Development?
Authors: Bacon Ian
Published: January 2017

This paper explores the relevance of promoting photovoltaic (PV) projects within Africa by focusing on the issues arising from the GEF/Zimbabwe PV project 1992-1997. It questions the utility of such projects and the reasons for the continued promotion of this technology within Africa. It concludes that financial aid for PV technology needs to be thoroughly reviewed and redirected.
Petcoke, The Public and Power: The Case of Drax
Authors: Ravey J.A. , Boehmer-Christiansen S. A.
Published: January 2017

In mid-1997 National Power, a major British electricity generator, received permission from the national environmental regulator, the Environment Agency, to test-burn petroleum coke blended with local coal at their Drax power station in North Yorkshire. Late in 1997 these tests were completed successfully, from the perspective of Drax, and the application for the full-scale burn of the blended fuel is expected to be made in 1998. The imported by-product of oil refining is considerably cheaper than local coal, but allegedly richer in several environmental pollutants. In spite of flourishing green rhetoric, New Labour has not reversed the dominance of commercial over all other considerations in UK electricity generation, which in turn left NP with little choice but to reduce fuel costs and utilise its expensive FGD facilities. This paper analyses documents, interviews and questionnaires with participants in the controversy and discusses findings with reference to various decision making theories, asking who is 'really' to blame for unpopular energy policy decisions.
Metabolic Risk Score and Vascular Mortality Among Korean Adults
Authors: Jung Keum Ji , Jee Yon Ho , Jee Sun Ha
Published: January 2017

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors. However, rather than using a dichotomous scale, a continuous metabolic syndrome (cMetS) score has been proposed to evaluate MetS because current MetS criteria do not function well in identifying those at high risk of cardiovascular mortality. The objective of this study was to examine the association between cMetS score and vascular mortality among Korean population. We included 441 411 individuals who visited health promotion centers and were given a medical examination from 1994 to 2004. MetS status, sum of MetS components, and cMetS score were calculated. The individuals with MetS had a higher hazard ratio (HR) for mortality from atherosclerotic vascular disease (HR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.42-1.67), ischemic heart disease (HR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.51-2.01), and total stroke (HR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.28-1.62) when compared with those without MetS. Graded, strong associations between cMetS score and vascular mortality, particularly from ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke, were observed. Subjects with a cMetS score ≥30 were at about 64 times greater risk for vascular mortality than those with a cMetS score below 0. cMetS score can be used to predict the risk of vascular death and provides a useful guideline to identify individuals at high risk for metabolic syndrome among Koreans.
Industry evolution, submarket dynamics and strategic behaviour among firms in offshore wind energy
Authors: Houman Andersen Poul , Drejer Ina , Gjerding Allan Næs
Published: January 2017

This paper contributes to the understanding of competition and industry evolution by analysing how submarket dynamics and agency influence the development of the emerging industrial field of Danish offshore wind energy. We argue that industry evolution is sensitive to the balance between integration, overlap and disintegration across submarkets. This balance depends on how strategic intent and behaviour influence submarket dynamics, leading to the conclusion that effects of agency and managerial intent should play a more prominent role in studies of industry evolution.
Photovoice and Persons With Physical Disabilities: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Dassah Ebenezer , Aldersey Heather M. , Norman Kathleen E.
Published: January 2017

Photovoice is a group analysis method often affiliated with participatory action research (PAR). It has become increasingly popular in qualitative research with people with physical disabilities. This article details the results of a study that sought to understand the scope of the literature related to how photovoice is conducted with people with physical disabilities. We performed a scoping review related to use of photovoice in physical disabilities research. We identified 20 articles that featured diverse participants with physical disabilities and demonstrated a range of approaches to data collection, analysis, and dissemination. Nearly all of the articles identified used photovoice to study physical accessibility/navigation of space. Although a majority of selected articles purported to use PAR approaches, many articles demonstrated research that may not be as participatory as presumed. Based on the findings, we provide suggestions for photovoice studies that will ensure full and meaningful participation of members involved.
The Utility of the Personality Assessment Inventory in the Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in OEF/OIF/OND Veterans
Authors: Bellet Benjamin W. , McDevitt-Murphy Meghan E. , Thomas Danielle H. , Luciano Matthew T.
Published: January 2017

We examined the use of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in a small sample of 47 U.S. military veterans of the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Approximately half of the sample met criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) based on the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. PAI profiles were compared between the PTSD and non-PTSD groups. The PTSD group had clinically significant scores (≥ 70 T) on the PAI for 5 clinical scales (anxiety, anxiety-related disorders, depression, paranoia, and schizophrenia) and 10 clinical subscales consistent with the typical symptom picture for PTSD. Effect size correlations ( r) between scales and diagnosis group membership were large ( r ≥ .5) for several scales that reflect PTSD symptoms and for the PTSD LOGIT function. In a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, the PTSD LOGIT function and the Traumatic Stress Subscale both demonstrated good diagnostic utility (areas under the curve > .80).
Warfarin Interaction With Hepatic Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme-Inducing Anticonvulsants
Authors: Clark Nathan P. , Hoang Kim , Delate Thomas , Horn John R. , Witt Daniel M.
Published: January 2017

Initiation of cytochrome P-450 (CYP)-inducing anticonvulsant medications during warfarin therapy may decrease anticoagulant effect and necessitate frequent warfarin dose adjustments to maintain therapeutic response measured by the international normalized ratio (INR). Clinical information regarding interactions between warfarin and these medications is limited. This study investigated warfarin dose and INR response following CYP-inducing anticonvulsant initiation among chronic warfarin users. This retrospective, pre-post study included patients ≥18 years who were receiving chronic warfarin therapy and who initiated carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, or phenytoin between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2013. Mean weekly warfarin dose/INR ratio and mean weekly warfarin dose were compared in the 90 days pre- and days post-anticonvulsant initiation periods. Of the 57 included patients, 34 (60%), 15 (26%), 6 (11%), and 2 (3%) patients purchased a prescription for carbamazepine, phenytoin, oxcarbazepine, and phenobarbital, respectively. Mean age was 70 years, 59% were female, and the majority were receiving chronic warfarin therapy for atrial fibrillation (39%) or venous thromboembolism (26%). The ratio of mean warfarin dose and INR increased significantly between the pre- and post-anticonvulsant initiation periods (from 13 mg/INR to 18 mg/INR, respectively, P ≤ .001) as did the mean weekly warfarin dose (from 33 mg to 37 mg, P = <.001). Warfarin dose and dose/INR ratio significantly increased after carbamazepine initiation (both P < .001), while oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, and phenytoin initiation did not significantly affect warfarin dosing. Our results support the presence of a clinically meaningful interaction between warfarin and carbamazepine. Frequent INR monitoring and warfarin dose escalation are recommended in this setting.
Anxiety Symptoms and Disorders in College Students With ADHD
Authors: O’Rourke Sarah R. , Bray Allison C. , Anastopoulos Arthur D.
Published: January 2017

Objective: This study examined anxiety symptoms and disorders in college students with ADHD. Method: Forty-six college students with ADHD and a matched group of students without ADHD participated. Participants completed self-report measures of anxiety symptoms and associated features, including worry, maladaptive beliefs about worry, panic symptoms, social anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and self-efficacy. Participants also completed a diagnostic interview to assess lifetime and current anxiety disorders. Results: Participants with ADHD endorsed more maladaptive beliefs about worry, more obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and poorer self-efficacy compared with comparison participants. There were no group differences in rates of current anxiety disorders. Participants with ADHD were over 2 times more likely than comparison participants to endorse this lifetime history. Conclusion: College students with ADHD are more likely to have a lifetime history of an anxiety disorder and are at greater risk for some anxiety symptoms and associated features.
Survey and Assessment of Planning for Operational Continuity in Public Works
Authors: Somers Scott
Published: January 2017

The public works department provides an array of essential services to the community that business and citizens rely on. Preparation for service provision during and after a crisis is called continuity of operations planning (COOP). Historically, the federal government has conducted such planning, and private businesses have embraced business continuity planning. Local governments have more recently begun to adopt such “good business practices.” This article provides a background on government COOP planning, describes the important elements of a continuity plan as described in federal documents and standards, and reports on a survey of public works departments. The results of the survey indicate that although some planning efforts have been undertaken, a majority of public works agencies in this sample are at risk for breakdowns in the provision of essential service in crisis situations. Public works agencies need to intensify planning efforts to ensure operational continuity.
Statistical Validation of the Effect of Lateral Line Location on Pavement Marking Retroreflectivity Degradation
Authors: Craig W. Neil , Sitzabee William E. , Rasdorf William J. , Hummer Joseph E.
Published: January 2017

This article examines the effect of lateral location on the degradation of retroreflectivity in thermoplastic pavement-marking systems. The authors examined data collected on North Carolina roads over a 5-year period and conducted a statistical analysis to determine if there was a significant difference in the rates of retroreflectivity degradation between edge lines and center lines. The study concluded that there was statistical evidence that lateral line location does have an effect on retroreflectivity degradation and that center lines degrade faster than edge lines. Understanding retroreflectivity performance over time facilitates the development and implementation of guidelines and tools that can be used for holistic asset management. Based on their findings, the authors recommend changes in pavement-marking maintenance strategies.
Mathematical Analysis and Physical Profile of Blalock-Taussig Shunt and Sano Modification Procedure in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: Review of the Literature and Implications for the Anesthesiologist
Authors: Riveros Perez Efrain , Riveros Ricardo
Published: January 2017

The first stage of surgical treatment for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) includes the creation of artificial systemic-to-pulmonary connections to provide pulmonary blood flow. The modified Blalock-Taussig (mBT) shunt has been the technique of choice for this procedure; however, a right ventricle–pulmonary artery (RV-PA) shunt has been introduced into clinical practice with encouraging but still conflicting outcomes when compared with the mBT shunt. The aim of this study is to explore mathematical modeling as a tool for describing physical profiles that could assist the surgical team in predicting complications related to stenosis and malfunction of grafts in an attempt to find correlations with clinical outcomes from clinical studies that compared both surgical techniques and to assist the anesthesiologist in making decisions to manage patients with this complex cardiac anatomy. Mathematical modeling to display the physical characteristics of the chosen surgical shunt is a valuable tool to predict flow patterns, shear stress, and rate distribution as well as energetic performance at the graft level and relative to ventricular efficiency. Such predictions will enable the surgical team to refine the technique so that hemodynamic complications be anticipated and prevented, and are also important for perioperative management by the anesthesia team.
Ballistic performance of honeycomb sandwich structures reinforced by functionally graded face plates
Authors: Gunes Recep , Arslan Kemal , Apalak M Kemal , Reddy JN
Published: January 2017

This study investigates damage mechanisms and deformation of honeycomb sandwich structures reinforced by functionally graded face plates under ballistic impact. The honeycomb sandwich structure consists of two identical functionally graded face sheets, having different material compositions through the thickness, and an aluminum honeycomb core. The functionally graded face sheets consist of ceramic (SiC) and aluminum (Al 6061) phases. The through-thickness mechanical properties of face sheets are assumed to vary according to a power-law. The locally effective material properties are evaluated using the Mori–Tanaka scheme. The effect of material composition of functionally graded face sheets on the ballistic performance of honeycomb sandwich structures was investigated using the finite element method and the penetration and perforation threshold energy values on ballistic performance and ballistic limit of the sandwich structures are determined. The contribution of the honeycomb core on the ballistic performance of the sandwich structure was evaluated by comparing with spaced plates (without honeycomb core) in terms of the residual velocity, kinetic energy, and damage area.
Latin American contraflow in global entertainment media: Kingdom Rush series and Zambo Dende as de-localised media products
Authors: Espinosa-Medina Hernán D , Uribe-Jongbloed Enrique
Published: January 2017

In order to shed some light on how Latin American entrepreneurs are developing products for a globalised market and attempting to overcome cultural discount by making their products more universal in their appeal, we analyse the cases of the video game Kingdom Rush from Uruguay and the Zambo Dende audio-visual project from Colombia. To provide context, the flow of entertainment media products from Latin America is first considered, with two cases then presented in order to provide insight into the processes of economic contra-flow and cultural transduction. Based on an examination of the products and in-depth interviews with the creators (and also survey responses in the case of Kingdom Rush), the findings reveal the various challenges faced by and the achievements of these small-scale entrepreneurs to reach a global market. We pay particular attention to the way in which the products achieve global appeal to mitigate negative effects associated with the geographical and cultural origin of a product.
What do managers know? Wisdom and manager identity in later career
Authors: Warhurst Russell , Black Kate
Published: January 2017

In this article, we focus on the knowing of experienced middle managers in later career and make a twofold contribution to management learning research. First, we critically examine the construct of wisdom as a way of deepening understanding of such managers’ knowing and we respond to the call to provide empirical evidence of the manifestations of wisdom in contemporary management practice. Second, we assess the managers’ engagement with wisdom as a resource for identity-work. Management is increasingly conceptualised as an identity project, and we examine how managers deployed wisdom as a discursive identity resource. We show how wisdom was used to counter currently favoured normative narratives of evidence-based management and the associated subject position of the omniscient and rational, but never quite adequate, manager. We reveal how narratives of wisdom were drawn upon in constructing distinctive, valued and preferred managerial subjectivities sustainable in later career. Finally, we propose implications for management learning and manager education.
The mode of constructing the floating town in mining subsidence water area
Authors: Jia Ning , Hu Wei , Wang Dongquan
Published: January 2017

As for unilateral utilization pattern and less effective treatment of mining subsidence water area, this research proposed a construction of a floating town in subsidence water area by exploring construction land. The planning layout and spatial model of the town were designed with the aid of three-dimensional digital simulation. In the proposed design scheme, the floating module consists of superstructure, floating foundation and mooring structures. The unit module was assembled into a floating organic system as required. Such approaches, in order to realize the ecological livable ‘beautiful China’ (ecological and sustainable country), try to propose a new idea to satisfy the contradiction between population growth and demand for land, and to minimize the use of arable land and preservation of the natural environment, as well as the expansion of construction land on green field sites and the promotion of new type urbanization.