bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CENAS DE AMOR CORTÊS ENTALHADAS EM MARFIM: CAIXAS, PENTES E CAIXAS DE ESPELHO DO MEDIEVO
Authors: Tatsch Flavia Galli
Published: May 2017

Na Idade Média, o marfim exercia grande fascínio devido à sua qualidade tátil, densidade e cor. Simbolicamente, sua brancura transcendente associava-o à pureza, à inocência e, também, ao ideal de beleza feminina. Por isso, essa matéria-prima foi empregada na elaboração de artigos de luxo. No medievo, o influxo do marfim de elefante africano esteve intimamente atrelado ao comércio com os mercadores suahilis. Nos séculos XIV e XV, o marfim foi empregado para a produção de objetos de uso pessoal, entre eles separadores de cabelo, caixas de espelho, pentes e caixas de marfim. As cenas esculpidas nesses objetos dialogavam com a cultura cortesã de uma ampla elite social. Neste artigo, interessa perceber como as caixas de espelho, pentes e caixas de marfim se configuraram como um código do desejo humano.
FREDERICO I BARBAROSSA OU DO IMPERADOR QUE RETORNARÁ: A RECEPÇÃO DO MEDIEVO EM TERRAS GERMÂNICAS NO LONGO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Gonçalves Silva Daniele Gallindo , Araujo Vinicius Cesar Dreger de
Published: May 2017

À luz do conceito de mito político, esse artigo propõe discutir a relação estabelecida entre a figura de Frederico I Barbarossa e suas releituras no longo século XIX em território alemão. Para tanto, lançaremos mão da análise comparada de imagens, documentos políticos, poemas e narrativas com a finalidade de compreender como essa figura foi remitificada nesse século.
MOTTA BASTOS, Mário Jorge Assim na Terra como no Céu. Paganismo, Cristianismo, Senhores e Camponeses na Alta Idade Média Ibérica (séculos IV-VIII). São Paulo, EDUSP, 2013, 264p.
Authors: Andrade Filho Ruy De Oliveira
Published: May 2017

Resenha.
TRANSCRIÇÃO DO LIVRO O ESPELHO DE CRISTINA: UMA PEQUENA AMOSTRA
Authors: Leite Lucimara
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo propõe apresentar uma pequena amostra da riqueza textual e histórica do texto de Christine de Pizan, O Espelho de Cristina. Com a transcrição de três capítulos e um vocabulário para auxiliar na leitura desses capítulos. Os capítulos escolhidos representam um receituário de comportamento que as mulheres de variadas posições sociais deveriam possuir.
O livro e sua perspectiva cultural durante o medievo: uma aproximação
Authors: Vianna Luciano José
Published: May 2017

Neste artigo, desejamos aproximar-nos a uma possível cultura do livro durante o medievo. Para realizar tal tarefa, analisamos alguns documentos de chancelaria relativos aos primeiros objetos da tradição textual do Livro dos Feitos do rei Jaime I de Aragão, entre os anos 1313 e 1386, através dos quais buscamos diversas informações a respeito da perspectiva cultural do livro, tais como interesse da dinastia, legitimidade, materialização do livro e difusão oral. Diante das informações encontradas e analisadas, concluímos que o livro foi utilizado não somente como um objeto de transporte do pensamento político, mas também foi considerado um objeto de poder político e cultural, sendo, portanto, um instrumento da cultura política medieval.
O Roman de Flamenca e a arte do jogral
Authors: Marques Janaína
Published: May 2017

Os textos narrativos e poéticos eram difundidos oralmente por meio da interpretação dos jograis, responsáveis por quase toda a divulgação da produção literária da época. Presente desde a Antiguidade, a atividade jogralesca reunia diferentes competências: canto, música, composição, malabarismo, acrobacia e comicidade. O caráter oral da poesia narrativa medieval desloca nossa atenção para fatores que seriam inusitados em outras manifestações literárias como as habilidades do intérprete, as características do espaço de sua performance e a relação com a plateia. Sendo assim, o presente artigo buscará, através da narrativa anônima occitana Roman de Flamenca, datada da segunda metade do século XIII, explorar os versos do ponto de vista da expressividade do leitor e da receptividade do ouvinte, identificando as estratégias utilizadas na elaboração da narrativa como obra presencial.
O Cancioneiro de Dom Dinis
Authors: Mendes Ana Luiza
Published: May 2017

Resenha referente à edição da obra de Henry Lang, Cancioneiro D'el rei Dom Denis e estudos dispersos, organizada por Lênia Márcia Mongelli e Yara Frateschi Vieira.
EL “FEUDO DE SANGRE” Y EL DON EN ISLANDIA MEDIEVAL: ALGUNAS REFLEXIONES METODOLÓGICAS
Authors: Barreiro Santiago
Published: May 2017

Durante las últimas décadas, el uso de modelos teóricos derivados de la antropología ha sido prominente en los estudios medievales. Esta tendencia parece particularmente fructífera para el análisis de lo que se ha llamado “sociedades de base campesina”, en las que el desarrollo de estructuras estables de poder político era relativamente bajo. Entre otros temas, los historiadores han trabajado con dos conceptos bien conocidos tomados de la etnografía clásica. El primero es el don, originalmente creado por las escuelas franco-alemanas que criticaban tanto al utilitarismo como al colectivismo soviético. El segundo es el “feudo de sangre”, que fue originalmente estudiado por antropólogos sociales británicos, interesados en los modos de resolución de conflictos en las sociedades “primitivas” que estaban en contacto directo con el Imperio Británico durante el período de entreguerras.            En este texto, buscamos analizar los paralelismos estructurales entre la dinámica del feudo y el don a nivel teórico y su aplicación a una sociedad medieval (Islandia durante la Edad Media central) que poseía grados de diferenciación social más profundos que los presentes en los ejemplos etnográficos que subyacen a las teorías sobre el don y el feudo, tales como los Nuer y los Trobriandeses.
HISTOIRE MEDIEVALE ET SOCIOLOGIE: POURQUOI NE FAIT-ON PAS UNE ANALYSE SOCIOLOGIQUE DES DYNAMIQUES SOCIALES MEDIEVALES? (OCCIDENT LATIN ET MAGHREB)
Authors: Boissellier Stéphane
Published: May 2017

Les médiévistes parlent constamment de sociétés, mais le plus souvent sans utiliser les outils conceptuels forgés par la sociologie. La question de fond est : comment, la plupart du temps, dans les groupes humains, la logique d'agglomération l'emporte-t-elle, à diverses échelles, sur les différences et sur les divergences d'intérêt, impliquant ainsi durée et stabilité, donc reproduction ? A cette question, il semble que ce soit l'approche sociologique qui nous offre les meilleures réponses, parce que, au moins depuis V. Pareto, la tradition sociologique dite “analytique” conçoit l'organisation sociale comme un système.En utilisant certaines figures sociologiques, à la fois assez englobantes et assez plastiques pour s'adapter à des situations très diverses, on peut briser les barrières qui isolent l'étude du monde latin et celle du monde arabo-musulman et réaliser une histoire réellement comparative. En effet, le comparatisme requiert des modèles amples comme points de départ, afin que les divergences documentaires ou la plasticité de la conjoncture ne rendent pas toute comparaison impossible. Cet article propose des pistes à l'historien médiéviste pour mettre l'analyse sociologique au service du comparatisme.
DA PECATOLOGIA DOS GOVERNANTES À NECESSIDADE DO TIRANICÍDIO: OS VÍCIOS MONÁRQUICOS DE ÁLVARO PELAYO À PARIDE DEL POZZO (SÉCULOS XIV-XV)
Authors: Gilli Patrick
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo visa discutir e analisar a tipologia dos vícios e excessos dos homens de poder, apresentados por Álvaro Pelayo (1275/80-1349), em seus trabalhos De statu et planctu Ecclesiae (1330-1332) e Speculum regnum (1341-1344), e Paride del Pozzo (1411/13-1493), em sua obra De syndicatu (1473-1485). Para tal, faremos uma análise comparativa entre a pecatologia apresentada nas três obras a fim de compreender como a fenomenologia desses excessos pode ser indicativo do substrato da ciência política dos séculos XIV e XV.
RESENHA DO LIVRO “A LEGENDA AUREA: TEMAS, PROBLEMAS, PERSPECTIVAS”.
Authors: Lisbôa Rangel João Guilherme , Barros Almeida Neri
Published: May 2017

O presente trabalho apresenta uma resenha do recente livro de Igor Salomão Teixeira que foi o primeiro livro nacional a tratar o tema da Legenda Áurea.
A ESCANDINÁVIA NA IDADE MÉDIA EM SUAS MÚLTIPLAS LEITURAS
Authors: Grzybowski Lukas Gabriel
Published: May 2017

Este texto apresenta o dossiê temático "Leituras da Escandinávia Medieval" que busca compreender como se dão as interações entre o continente e a região escandinava e quais os mecanismos utilizados pelos autores medievais em suas diversas leituras do Norte; isso nos fornece não somente uma melhor compreensão dos processos históricos, mas também das mentalidades medievais, que propiciam tais leituras. A partir das contribuições almejadas pelo grupo de pesquisa pretende-se, em cooperação com os grupos já existentes no Brasil, aumentar a difusão do conhecimento sobre a Escandinávia medieval no contexto nacional, bem como consolidar os esforços de internacionalização da produção brasileira sobre o tema, através de uma clara proposta de cooperação com especialistas de diversas tradições historiográficas.
O historiador e suas fontes: construção, desconstrução, reconstrução
Authors: Le Jan Régine
Published: May 2017

Este artigo propõe uma discussão de caráter teórico-metodologico que, centrada em documentação e historiografia sobre a Alta Idade Média,  abrange a medievalística de modo amplo. Após avaliar os procedimentos e efeitos de métodos historiográficos pós-modernos, responsáveis por uma certa demolição das fontes históricas tradicionais, a autora apresenta possibilidades de se reconstruir a interpretação das mesmas fontes, como a Tumba de Childerico e o Manual de Dhuoda, em que seja superada a perspectiva etnocêntrica, hierárquica e centralizadora que marca boa parte da historiografia europeia desde o século XIX. Além disso, adverte sobre os riscos de um apego excessivo aos modelos explicativos de cunho sociológico, que podem fazer os historiadores perderem de vista a diacronia e a singularidade de seus objetos.
Speculum principum: considerações sobre o gênero nas letras portuguesas dos séculos XV e XVI
Authors: Fernandes Reis Flávio Antônio
Published: May 2017

Apresentamos considerações acerca do repertório de obras dirigidas à educação de príncipes compostas em Portugal. Assim, buscamos verificar os argumentos de força da matéria presentes em algumas fontes e em alguns importantes estudos, tentando delinear aspectos do assunto e apontar perspectivas de pesquisas.
O romance Eracle de Gautier D’arras à luz do imaginário das “Três Ordens”
Authors: Souza Guilherme Queiroz de
Published: May 2017

O artigo analisa o romance Eracle de Gautier d’Arras à luz do imaginário das “Três Ordens”. Nessa obra de 6570 versos octossilábicos, cuja redação ocorreu entre 1159 e 1184, o autor francês descreve na primeira parte a trajetória de Eracle, um jovem que recebe de Deus “três dons”: o conhecimento das pedras, cavalos e mulheres. Nosso objetivo é ampliar uma hipótese de Friedrich Wolfzettel, segundo a qual os “três dons” do herói estariam relacionados à trifuncionalidade (as “Três Ordens”) – oratores, bellatores e laboratores. Esse antigo esquema trifuncional foi estudado nas sociedades indo-europeias por Georges Dumézil e observado no Ocidente medieval principalmente por Georges Duby em seu magistral livro Les trois ordres ou L'imaginaire du féodalisme (1978). Em outras palavras, associaremos um esquema de “longa duração” (tripartição indo-europeia) aos elementos de “curta duração” (religiosos, políticos, etc.) da Idade Média ocidental, especialmente aqueles do século XII de Gautier.
O Corrector sive Medicus (ou Corrector Burchardi, ou ainda Da poenitentia, c.1000-1025) de Burcardo de Worms (c.965-1025): apresentação e tradução dos capítulos 1-4, além das “instruções” de penitência 001 a 095
Authors: Birro Renan Marques , Bragança Júnior Álvaro Alfredo
Published: May 2017

Este projeto inclui a apresentação e a tradução parcial do Corrector sive Medicus (ou Corrector Burchardi, ou ainda Da poenitentia, c.1000-1025) de Burcardo de Worms (c.965-1025). Nosso objetivo foi oferecer uma tradução bilíngue (latim-português) da parte mais famosa deste importante penitencial ao público iberoamericano.
Tecnologia e debate sobre alquimia na Baixa Idade Média
Authors: Sousa Silva Godinho Bruno
Published: May 2017

A Baixa Idade Média experimentou intensas atividades ligadas à alquimia. A Europa recebia, cada vez mais, textos de teor alquímico e sua circulação crescia a cada ano, assim como sua prática. As grandes mentes medievais disputavam as bases teóricas, práticas e até mesmo legais da alquimia. Neste sentido, a alquimia se viu envolvida dentro dos debates sobre tecnologia, arte e natureza, levando a acirradas disputas relativas à atitude medieval em relação à superioridade ou não da arte sobre a natureza e vice-versa.
A aristocracia na Idade Média. Redes sociais e instrumentos de poder e autoridade (s. V-XIII)
Authors: Almeida Néri De Barros
Published: May 2017

Pela natureza de suas fontes a escrita da história da Idade Média, mais do que qualquer outra, por muito tempo esteve circunscrita às elites leigas e religiosas. A despeito disso, nos anos 1960-1990 houve um grande esforço teórico para a elucidação de campos sociais mais vastos. Depois de mais de três décadas de intensa atenção aos enfoques sociais e às maneiras como se constituíram e se transformaram as sociedades medievais, observamos um retorno significativo da história política e, com ela, uma maior atenção às elites. No cerne dessa atenção renovada às elites está a releitura sistemática daquilo que as fontes têm de substancial com o objetivo de se chegar a um conhecimento aprofundado do poder - os diferentes lances que marcam seu estabelecimento, sua constituição intrínseca, os fundamentos de sua eficácia, seus instrumentos de atuação – e assim a uma percepção mais acurada das razões atuantes na dinâmica fundamental das sociedades. Um dos campos mais profícuos desses estudos aborda as aristocracias a partir do esclarecimento de suas redes e modalidades de relações, do sistema de comunicação social em que estão inseridas e da identificação e compreensão de cada instrumento de poder por elas mobilizado. Este dossiê reúne estudos que discutem como se deram, entre os séculos V e XIII, o estabelecimento e gestão pela aristocracia de suas relações internas (redes de relações e difusão de ideias) como instrumentos de poder e autoridade
As correspondências diplomáticas: outra visão da violência pública nos reinos bárbaros
Authors: Dumézil Bruno
Published: May 2017

O questionamento feito pela historiografia a respeito da intensidade dos casos de violência privada na alta Idade Média produz hoje resultados significativos em nossa ideia do período. Em relação à violência pública, no entanto ainda se impõe o modelo da guerra generalizada. Enfrentando as incongruências entre a guerra apresentada pelos cronistas e aquela presente na correspondência diplomática, o artigo pretende mostrar que também a ideia de violência pública generalizada também merece reconsideração.
Comptes de la Commanderie de l’Hôpital de Manosque pour les Années 1283 à 1290
Authors: Salles Bruno Tadeu
Published: May 2017

A comendadoria de Manosque, na Alta Provença, se constituiu para a Ordem do Hospital de São João de Jerusalém como uma casa de primeira importância. Nos decênios centrais do século XII, muitas doações dos condes de Forcalquier instalaram os Hospitalários à frente de um senhorio considerável, compreendendo, notadamente, a vila de Manosque e a plena jurisdição sobre a população. O manuscrito editado, um registro em papel de 135 fólios, é desconhecido dos especialistas tanto das ordens militares quanto da Provença medieval, pois foi reencontrado recentemente na biblioteca da ordem de Malta em Praga. Diferentemente das contabilidades conservadas, o mais frequentemente fragmentadas e tardias, ele apresenta, de modo contínuo, as contas semanais desta comendadoria entre julho de 1283 e maio de 1290. A edição propriamente dita é precedida de uma densa apresentação (considerações, história do manuscrito e estudo linguístico) e um glossário detalha os nomes comuns em latim e em vernáculo. Um exemplar notável para o estudo das contabilidades medievais
Nitrate removal from water by immobilized bacteria
Authors: Nussinovitch Amos , Zohar-Perez Cheinat , Rabinovitz Zahi , van Rijn Jaap
Published: May 2017

Nitrate may reach surface and ground waters as a consequence of agricultural activity and discharge of domestic and industrial waste. Among the various methods used for nitrate removal, denitrification, a process in which nitrate is biologically reduced to elemental nitrogen, is relatively reliable and inexpensive as compared to other physical and chemical nitrate removal processes. Denitrification is generally conducted with biofilters in which bacteria are either immobilized to the surface of insoluble carriers or are entrapped within an immobilization matrix. We examined the use of non-toxic and biodegradable natural hydrocolloids for entrapment of denitrifying bacteria. Gel beads containing starch and alginate were used for this purpose. Three types of gel beads were examined: (1) wet gel beads; (2) porous wet gel beads; and (3) freeze-dried gel beads. With respect to nitrate removal, wet and dried gel beads showed similar removal capacities. Porous beads demonstrated an advantage over regular gel beads only during the first of the approximately 3-month incubation period. The viability of the immobilized bacteria was only slightly affected during prolonged refrigerated storage of the beads. Compared to freeze-dried beads, production costs of wet beads are significantly reduced, so it is anticipated that such carriers will eventually lead to a method that can be applied on an industrial scale.
Batch versus column modes for the adsorption of radioactive metal onto rice husk waste: conditions optimization through response surface methodology
Authors: Kausar Abida , Bhatti Haq Nawaz , Iqbal Munawar , Ashraf Aisha
Published: May 2017

Batch and column adsorption modes were compared for the adsorption of U(VI) ions using rice husk waste biomass (RHWB). Response surface methodology was employed for the optimization of process variables, i.e., (pH (A), adsorbent dose (B), initial ion concentration (C)) in batch mode. The B, C and C2 affected the U(VI) adsorption significantly in batch mode. The developed quadratic model was found to be validated on the basis of regression coefficient as well as analysis of variance. The predicted and actual values were found to be correlated well, with negligible residual value, and B, C and C2 were significant terms. The column study was performed considering bed height, flow rate and initial metal ion concentration, and adsorption efficiency was evaluated through breakthrough curves and bed depth service time and Thomas models. Adsorption was found to be dependent on bed height and initial U(VI) ion concentration, and flow rate decreased the adsorption capacity. Thomas models fitted well to the U(VI) adsorption onto RHWB. Results revealed that RHWB has potential to remove U(VI) ions and batch adsorption was found to be efficient versus column mode.
The economic pre-treatment of coal mine drainage water with caustic and ozone
Authors: Boyden B. H. , Nador L. , Addleman S. , Jeston L.
Published: May 2017

Coal mine drainage waters are low in pH with varying amounts of iron and manganese and are generally brackish. The Austar Coal Mine in NSW, Australia, sought alternatives to their current lime dosing as the pre-treatment before the downstream reverse osmosis plant. Undesirable operating aspects of the current system include manganese and gypsum scaling/fouling, the need for anti-scalants and reduced water recovery. Thirteen processes for acid mine drainage were initially considered. The preferred process of caustic and ozone for Mn(II) oxidation was pilot tested at up to 0.74 kL/hr at the mine site. Under proper conditions and no aeration, about 81 per cent of the Fe could be removed (initially at 156 mg/L) as green rust. Supplemental aeration followed first-order kinetics and allowed 99.9 per cent Fe(II) oxidation and removal but only with a hydraulic residence time of about 47 minutes. The addition of supplemental Cu catalyst improved Fe removal. Ozone applied after caustic was effective in stoichiometrically oxidising recalcitrant Mn(II) and any remaining Fe(II). Control of the ozonation was achieved using the oxidation reduction potential during oxidation of the Mn(II) species. The use of caustic, followed by ozone, proved economically comparable to the current lime pre-treatment.
ZWALCZANIE OPÓŹNIEŃ W PŁATNOŚCIACH W TRANSAKCJACH HANDLOWYCH W ŚWIETLE DYREKTYWY 2000/35/WE I PRAWA POLSKIEGO
Authors: Mik Cezary , Wojtaszek-Mik Ewa
Published: May 2017

Combating Late Payment in Commercial Transactions in the Light of the Directive 2000/35/EC and in the Polish LawSummaryThe European Community has recognized late payments as one of important obstacles to a good functioning of the internal market. The preparatory works of the EC in this field prove that a long way has been come from the European Parliament’s initiative to the directive 2000/35/E C of the European Parliament and the Council dated 29 June 2000 on combating late payment in commercial transactions. A rather limited scope of the directive is a result of extensive modifications introduced by the Council to the initial proposals. The directive concentrates on the interests in case of late payment, reasonable compensation for recovery costs, retention of title and recovery procedures for unchallenged claims. The above study presents the substance of the directive and its transposition rules.The first attempt to implement the EC directive in Poland was the law of 6 September 2001. As it was not satisfactory, a new law on payment terms in commercial transactions was issued on 12 June 2003. It will enter into force on 1 January 2004. This new law is limited to interests and procedural aspects. The above study presents the results of the directive’s transposition within this law. The act of law from 2003 certainly sets new limits on the freedom of contracts, but it is an interesting and rare example of a protection of weaker parts to the contract, which are not consumers, but enterprises. W hat should be reproached is that a typical civil matter is regulated in an act of law separate from the Polish Civil Code. A breach of the rule of the integrity of the Polish Civil Code is again a price for the fast implementation of the EC law in Poland.
Evaluation of Fixed-Bed Cultures with Immobilized Lactococcus Lactis ssp. Lactis on Different Scales
Authors: Faschian Rebecca , Eren Ilyas , Minden Steven , Pörtner Ralf
Published: May 2017

Fixed-bed processes, where cells are immobilized within macroporous carriers, are a promising alternative to processes with suspended cells. A scale-up concept is presented in order to evaluate the performance as part of process design of fixed-bed processes. Therefore,Lactococcus lactiscultivation in chemostat and batch mode was compared to fixed bed cultures on three different scales, the smallest being the downscaledMultifermwith 10 mL fixed bed units, the second a 100 mL fixed-bed reactor and the third a pilot scale reactor with 1 L fixed bed volume. As expected, the volume specific lactate productivity of all cultivations was dependent on dilution rate. In suspension chemostat culture a maximum of 2.3 g·L-1·h-1was reached. Due to cell retention in the fixed-beds, productivity increased up to 8.29 g·L-1·h-1at a dilution rate of D = 1.16 h-1(corresponding to 2.4·µmax) on pilot scale. For all fixed bed cultures a common spline was obtained indicating a good scale-up performance.
Study of Cyclic Fracturing in Vertical CBM Wells
Authors: Li Ting , Wan Ji-fang
Published: May 2017

Background:

Coal-bed methane productivity of single well is very low, and has been the bottleneck of the coal-bed methane industry in China.

Objective:

Although hydraulic fracturing is the only stimulation measure to develop CBM, it cannot increase production effectively, conventional fracturing method to create opening fractures should be improved. How to make good use of natural fractures, which are plentiful in CBM reservoirs, is also an important subject for hydraulic fracturing.

Method:

In this paper, the plastic deformation of coal rock is analyzed by harnessing a pseudo-Maxwell creep phenomenon, which is normally present in rock. The Kelvin-Voigt model is utilized to describe pseudo-plastic behavior of coal rock to determine pressurization and decay cyclic time for cyclic fracturing design. The mechanical requirement for shearing natural fractures is also analyzed, and shearing distance between the faces of natural fracture can be calculated by Westergaard stress function. Ultimately, the cyclic fracturing method is proposed according to theories about stress alteration and shearing of natural fractures. This method includes such periods as fracturing, pumping shut-down and so on.

Conclusion:

A complex fracture system can be created, which consists of opened and sheared fractures, then, large SRV(stimulated reservoir volume)and flowing drainage area can be acquired. In comparison with conventional fracturing method, this new way can make full use of the characteristics of CBM reservoirs and is more suitable to CBM. This method will lead to a significant increase of CBM production, and will achieve huge economic benefits.
Virulence factors associated with organisms causing asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant females attending a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Ponnusamy* Prabha , Katragadda Radhika , Ravinder Thyagarajan
Published: May 2017

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB), most common during pregnancy is endangering as it may lead to maternal and fetal complications. Various organisms causing ASB combats the host defense mechanisms through virulence factors exhibited by them. In order to understand the pathogenesis and sequelae of infections, virulence factors like hemolysin production, gelatinase production, haemagglutination, biofilm production and many more should be identified. Hence, we aimed at studying the distribution of virulence factors among each organism causing asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant females attending a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Microbiology over a period of one year and six months (January 2014 to June 2015) at a tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 1000 urine samples were included in study taken from pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Isolation, identification of organisms was done according to standard microbiological techniques and virulence factors for individual organisms by phenotypic method were tested. Results: Out of 1000 samples screened for ASB, organisms were isolated in following frequency distribution: Escherichia coli, the commonest 54/118 (45.76%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 21/118 (17.80%), Staphylococcus aureus 19/118 (16.10%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus 10/118 (8.45%), Enterococcus faecalis 9/118 (7.63%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3/118 (2.54%) and Proteus mirabilis 2/118 (1.69%). Virulence factors for individual organisms and biofilm detection for all organisms were done. Conclusion: Multifactorial mechanisms determine the pathogenicity of an organism and it needs to be explored by analyzing each virulence factor and mechanism of invasion in combating the host defense systems. Hence analyzing the phenotypic expression of each virulence factor helps in better understanding about the complications of ASB.
Lipidose hepática secundaria à colangiohepatite em felino doméstico sem raça definida: Relato de caso
Authors: Passos Costa Sérgio , Tupinambar dos Reis Lima Lilian , Kelly Dias Araújo Estéfane , Galeno da Silva Mayara , Gonçalves Azevëdo da Fonsëca Honório Tiago , Figueredo Rodrigues Karoline , Ramos Bastos de Oliveira Murilo
Published: May 2017

This report shows a case of feline without definite breed, whit one-year and four-month-old diagnosed with hepatic lipidosis secondary to cholangiohepatitis. It reports the importance of complementary tests in the diagnosis of the disease and the treatment based on nutritional support containing high protein content, which has been shown to be essential for patient recovery.
Amylase, Lipase, and Acute Pancreatitis in People With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Liraglutide: Results From the LEADER Randomized Trial
Authors: Steinberg William M. , Buse John B. , Ghorbani Marie Louise Muus , Ørsted David D. , Nauck Michael A. ,   the LEADER Steering Committee,   on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators
Published: May 2017

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate serum amylase and lipase levels and the rate of acute pancreatitis in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk randomized to liraglutide or placebo and observed for 3.5–5.0 years.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A total of 9,340 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomized to either liraglutide or placebo (median observation time 3.84 years). Fasting serum lipase and amylase were monitored. Acute pancreatitis was adjudicated in a blinded manner.

RESULTS

Compared with the placebo group, liraglutide-treated patients had increases in serum lipase and amylase of 28.0% and 7.0%, respectively. Levels were increased at 6 months and then remained stable. During the study, 18 (0.4% [1.1 events/1,000 patient-years of observation] [PYO]) liraglutide-treated and 23 (0.5% [1.7 events/1,000 PYO]) placebo patients had acute pancreatitis confirmed by adjudication. Most acute pancreatitis cases occurred ≥12 months after randomization. Liraglutide-treated patients with prior history of pancreatitis (n = 147) were not more likely to develop acute pancreatitis than similar patients in the placebo group (n = 120). Elevations of amylase and lipase levels did not predict future risk of acute pancreatitis (positive predictive value <1.0%) in patients treated with liraglutide.

CONCLUSIONS

In a population with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk, there were numerically fewer events of acute pancreatitis among liraglutide-treated patients (regardless of previous history of pancreatitis) compared with the placebo group. Liraglutide was associated with increases in serum lipase and amylase, which were not predictive of an event of subsequent acute pancreatitis.
Highly-Efficient Power-Conditioning System for Grid-Tied Fuel Cell Power Generation
Authors: B. Han  , J. Lee
Published: May 2017

ssssssssThis paper proposes a grid-tied power conditioning system for the fuel cell power generation, which consists of a 2- stage DC-DC converter and a 3-phase PWM inverter. The 2- stage DC-DC converter boosts the fuel cell stack voltage of 26- 48V up to 400V, using the hard-switching boost converter and the high-frequency unregulated LLC resonant converter. A laboratory experimental set-up was built with the 1.2kW PEM fuel-cell stack to verify the feasibility of hardware implementation. The developed power conditioning system shows high efficiency of 91%, which is very positive result for the commercialization. ssssss
Specific Energy Concept Applied to Electronic Equipment in Industrial Processes Having Distributed Generation
Authors: Gómez, J.C.  , Morcos, M.M
Published: May 2017

Appliances used in commercial and industrial networks, being very sensitive equipment, are affected by voltage sags. Information about sensitivity is normally presented in time/voltage graphs, where the voltage is of a constant magnitude. This is not the case when distributed generation (DG) is involved, where due to the distributed generator disconnection the voltage magnitude could have one or two sharp changes. The methodology presented here, based upon the I2 t and V2 t change with time, allows the study of such phenomenon. Also the time-voltage and time-current coordination could be studied easily by using the proposed methodology
Discussions on the Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory Terms in the General Case Based on the Symmetric Components
Authors: Kouzou A  , Ismeil M.A.  , Abu Rub H  , Sk Moin Ahmed  , Mahmoudi M.O  , Boucherit M.S  , Kennel R.
Published: May 2017

This paper deals with the presentation of different terms of the powers presented in the Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory (IRPT) in the general case of a generic power system voltage. This presentation is based on the use of the symmetric components in the E. Clarke stationary frame, where the instantaneous real active power, the instantaneous imaginary reactive power and the instantaneous zero sequence power are divided into their DC components and AC components function of the symmetric components. The contributions of these terms in the transfer of the energy from the power supply to the load in four wire system are explained, hence, a good choice of the power to be compensated using shunt active power filter can be obtained. Finally, simulation results are presented under unbalanced and distorted generic power system voltages, where different terms of the instantaneous reactive power theory are clarified and presented based on symmetrical components.
Parameter Identification of a PV Source Dynamic Model with Piecewise-Linear Circuit-Based Approach
Authors: M. C. Di Piazza  , M. Luna  , G. Vitale
Published: May 2017

This paper deals with a method for the parameter identification of an improved dynamic model of a photovoltaic (PV) source, which encompasses a capacitor and an inductor. The method is based on piecewise-linear (PWL) circuit approximation and step load responses. Considering the PV I-V characteristic as a PWL function, if a transient occurs in a linear region, the PV source can be approximated according to Thévenin’s theorem. The cases referred to either capacitive or inductive dominant time constant are explained. The identification of the circuit parameters by least squares regression (LSR) applied to experimental data is discussed and finally a case study is presented.
A comprehensive energy analysis of a hybrid motorization for small/medium boats
Authors: L. Corredor  , L. Baracaldo  , L. Jaramillo  , J. Gutiérrez  , D. Jiménez
Published: May 2017

Small/Medium boats are considered as favourite maritime transportation, and they are mostly propulsed by Outboard Motors. Boats are designed for recreative, fishing and surveillance purposes, however in tropical undeveloped countries boats are employed for different applications such as passenger and goods transportation fairly away from nominal power engine, which lies from 8 to 12% engine efficiency. The present survey aims to develop a novel navigation perspective in a power and efficiency analysis of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Ship (PHES) 1. An internal combustion engine (ICE) is converted in hybrid propulsion system (HPS) coupling an electric motor powered by batteries through an electric DC bus device in a parallel configuration system, in order to increasing the traveled distance to fuel consumption ratio. Parameters such as boat size, engine hybrid configuration, were simulated on a schematic model system following an actual navigation route drawn, improving a 25-30% overall system efficiency respect nominal engine performance.
Design and Analysis of Brushless Self-Excited Three-Phase Synchronous Generator
Authors: M. O. Oliveira  , A. S. Bretas  , F. H. García  , L. A. Walantus  , H. E. Muñoz  , O. E. Perrone  , J. H. Reversat
Published: May 2017

This paper presents the main features of design, construction, performance analyses and experimental studies of a brushless self-excited three-phase synchronous generator. The basic construction, principle of operation, and exciting characteristics are described. In proposed machine the rotor winding is shorted through diodes and the self-excitation is reached by a slip between rotor and stator winding built with different pole numbers. Computer simulations performed with MATLAB® software were used to verify the mathematical model of the brushless self-excited synchronous generator and the achieved results showed similar behavior with experimental values.
Optimization of energy consumption in HPC centers: Energy Efficiency Project of Castile and Leon Supercomputing Center - FCSCL
Authors: C. Redondo Gil  , A. Ruiz-Falcó  , J. M. Martínez
Published: May 2017

Supercomputers are very intensive in energy consumption. Large clusters are composed of hundreds or thousands of processors working in parallel, as is easily seen, the processors are the system component that consumes the most. An indicative figure is that a standard server tripled their consumption when their processors work at 100% load. In addition, we must say that the power consumption of computers is converted into heat at a high rate, which causes that the power consumption of the Supercomputing Center is a bigger problem than the general-purpose data centers. These reasons force to design new systems (data centers and computer) with the most efficient energy balance, which means to have low PUE (Power Usage Efectiveness). This article shows the PUE monitoring and control system implanted in Calendula, the FCSCL Supercomputer
Advanced PLL structures for grid synchronization in distributed generation
Authors: A. Luna  , C. Citro  , C. Gavriluta  , J. Hermoso  , I. Candela  , P. Rodriguez
Published: May 2017

The actual grid code requirements include specific demands for grid connected wind power generation facilities. The Transmission System Operators are specially concerned about the Low Voltage Ride Through requirements which are becoming more restrictive in terms of the admissible disconnection conditions, but also in the active/reactive power that wind farms should inject to the network under fault conditions to support the grid. Solutions based on the installation of STATCOMs and DVRs, as well as on advanced control functionalities for the existing power converters of wind power plants, have contributed to enhance their response under faulty and distorted scenarios, and hence to fulfill these requirements. However, in order to achieve satisfactory results with such systems it is necessary to count on accurate and fast grid voltage synchronization algorithms, able to work under unbalanced and distorted conditions. This paper analyzes the synchronization capability of three advanced synchronization systems: the DDSRF-PLL, the DSOGI-PLL and the 3phEPLL, designed to work under such conditions. In the following the different algorithms will be presented and discretized and finally their performance, as well as its computational cost, will be tested in an experimental setup controlled by a means of a TMS28335 floating point DSP.
Solar kiln drying of tropical hardwoods using a system with a slagbed acting as roughened absorber and heating storage medium
Authors: R. Clarke  , R. Saunders
Published: May 2017

This work addresses the analysis of a low temperature, forced-air, solar kiln timber dryer operated in Trinidad and Tobago (10˚N, 61˚W). The design is a 6 m3 capacity kiln with a 36 m2 collector external to the kiln which has a single glass cover with a slagbed roughened absorber and heat storage. Slag is the by-product in the manufacture of steel which is easily and cheaply available locally. The effectiveness of the system was proven in drying tropical hardwoods to a final equilibrium moisture content of dry basis, 16%. High quality products were obtained, in 2-5 weeks depending on climatic conditions, wet or dry season, species and thickness of the lumber. Tests carried out clearly indicated that solar kiln drying is about twice as fast as natural drying, and that the drying times are comparable with conventional kiln drying using electrical heating. These results demonstrated the great potential that such a renewable energy system using locally available materials possesses.
AUTONOMOUS MOBILE ROBOT WITH HYBRID PEM FUEL-CELL AND ULTRACAPACITORS ENERGY SYSTEM. DEDALO 2.0
Authors: Artal J.S.  , Dominguez J.A  , Caraballo J.
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a hybrid configuration combining a hydrogen fuel cell and ultracapacitors to create an energy storage system. Hybrid topology is constructed using a SEPIC converter, which connects the fuel cell with the DC bus whereas a bidirectional Buck-Boost converter links the ultracapacitors group with the DC bus. The main aim is to increase the efficiency of the hybrid power system applied about an autonomous mobile robot. An active Fuel Cell voltage control strategy is presented to manage the power flows. In addition, the overall efficiency of the proposed hybrid power system at overload operation is higher than the conventional one. In this paper, an autonomous mobile robot was converted from a conventional lead-acid or lithium-ion battery to a hybrid PEM Fuel-Cell and ultracapacitors as the power source. The integration of UCaps as element of energy storage on the robot was studied with the aim to improve the energetic solution
Grid connection transients of small hydropower generator
Authors: D. A. Górski  , J. Wiśniewski  , W. Koczara
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a transients of an cage induction generator connected to the power grid as it is in small hydropower station. In such power station, there is no control of prime mover speed. The no load speed of water turbine and then induction generator depends on reservoir water level and water pipe diameter. The transient state during connection of the cage induction generator to the power grid is discussed in dependence on generator initial slip. The negative impact of connected cage induction generator on the line is described. The transient current to grid connected generator is very high and produces transient overload of the supply system. The reduction of that negative influence is proposed by using a power electronics converter which works as reactive power compensator. The power electronic compensator is used in steady state to reduce demand of the grid reactive power needed by induction generator and in transients to reduce surge current. The computer model of the generation system, made form induction generator and power electronic compensator, has been designed and used to preliminary verification. Moreover a laboratory generation system has been built and tested.
Improved wind forecasting with wavelets
Authors: J.A, Domínguez Navarro  , J.S. Artal  , J.L. Bernal-Agustín  , R. Dufo  , H. Bludsweit
Published: May 2017

An important consequence of a high wind penetration and the difficulty to predict the power generated is the need to entrust the coverage of a large power variations to power spinning reserve. A forecasting system of generation would resolve, at least in part, this problem. The wind variability has a significant negative influence on the forecast models. To avoid the influence of variability, we applied a wavelet filter that can work with softer signals. The results improve significantly when wavelet filtering is applied.
Voltage Balance Monitoring Based on Voltage’s Instantaneous Space Phasor Geometrical Loci
Authors: A. Crăciunescu  , G. Ciumbulea  , C. Necula Dumitrică  , M. Predescu
Published: May 2017

The paper introduces a new approach for voltage balance monitoring based on the computer-aided assessment of the network Instantaneous Voltage’s Space Phasor (IVSP). Between the voltage unbalances severities and the IVSP modulus ripples or the IVSP angular speed ripples are identified the appropriate correspondences which are used for voltage unbalance quantifications. The investigative studies of this new voltage unbalance approach are made on a simulated network in Simplorer programming medium.
Effects of geometries on flow characteristics and reforming performance of a steam-methane reformer
Authors: J. S. Lee  , J. Seo  , H. Y. Kim  , Y. Lee  , S. Park
Published: May 2017

The effects of geometries on flow characteristics and reforming performance were studied in a 250-kW fuel cell reformer. A reformer system was numerically simulated using a simplified three-dimensional model domain with an appropriate user-defined function. The numerical results were compared with experimental data for validation. Outlet position was selected as a parameter for investigating the effects of geometry variation. The reference case has outlet at the bottom of the combustion furnace, and the outlet positions were changed from bottom to top. The numerical results show that the flow characteristics are quite different when the outlet position is changed. And the flow characteristics in the combustion furnace strongly affect the outlet temperature of reformer and reforming performance. Overall, flows of the corner sides were dominant, and the reformers which are located around the corner sides have relatively higher outlet temperatures and better reformer performances. Overall reformer performance and the flows in the combustion furnace can be predicted by measuring the outlet temperatures of reformer tubes. The effects of outlet position on the reformer performance are relatively lower than on the outlet temperatures of reformers.
Predictive Maintenance for intensive energy consuming plants, serviced by under-qualified staff. Case study
Authors: Dorina Ionescu
Published: May 2017

Maintenance has traditionally been viewed as a separate entity outside the manufacturing process. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is a maintenance philosophy designed to integrate equipment maintenance into the manufacturing process [1], [2], [3]. TPM is based on proactive and preventative maintenance and places a strong emphasis on empowering operators to help maintain their equipment, thus reducing to a minimum the small stops, product defects, equipment breakdowns and work related accidents. Total Production Maintenance (TPM) is a necessary part of any successful business, where down time for maintenance is an integral part of the manufacturing process [4], [5], [6]. The maintenance process evolved over the years passing through several phases before reaching the highly efficient TPM phase. The TPM program closely resembles the Total Quality Management (TQM) program [2], [4] where several of the tools used in TQM such as employee empowerment, benchmarking, documentation, etc. are used to implement and optimize TPM. However, there are some essential differences making the TPM process human friendly by shifting the means of attaining the final goal from management systematization and software orientation in TQM, to employees participation and hardware orientation in TPM. This process in highly adequate for plant maintenance in developing countries, where work force is generally under qualified.
Computational Performance Analysis of an Electromagnetic Dynamic Voltage Restorer: Physical Conception and Operational Approaches
Authors: T. V. da Silva  , F. P. Santilio  , L. E. Vasconcelos  , J. C. Oliveira
Published: May 2017

The present paper focuses an electromagnetic device to restore busbar voltages to acceptable limits using an electromagnetic arrangement conception. The new device has been called by electromagnetic dynamic voltage restorer (EDVR) due to its physical structure. As for the insertion of the degree of the series voltage compensation, two approaches are considered. The first can be recognized as a discrete procedure as the restoring voltage procedure makes use of electronically switched tap changers. The second relies on a continuous voltage variation offered by a single tap supply and a controllable electronic device. It is shown that the overall compensator idea lies on positive or negative insertion of a variable voltage in series with de feeder so as to achieve a consumer supply voltage in accordance with acceptable levels. The device comprises a traditional shunt autotransformer linked to a series transformer which provides the necessary restoring property. The paper highlights the EDVR physical structure, the control units, the ATP platform models and results associated to case studies to show the overall compensation equipment and control performance offered by the given solutions.
Filtering Techniques: An historical overview and summary of current status
Authors: J. Lazaro  , J.F. Miñambres  , M.A. Zorrozua
Published: May 2017

A thoroughly overview and summary of current status is provided in order to fully understand the pros and cons of the different filtering methods used in power system quality assessment. The aim of this paper is to shorten the time needed in order to understand the different types of existing algorithms along the limitations and burdens imposed by their mathematical foundations.