bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical modeling of Buongiorno’s nanofluid on free convection: thermophoresis and Brownian effects
Authors: Khatun Shatay , Nasrin Rehena
Published: June 2022

In this research, numerical modeling is conducted on free convective flow inside a trapezoidal domain with sinusoidal material and temperature allocations at both inclined boundaries using Buongiorno’s nanofluid. The model considers thermophoresis with Brownian activity effects taking place in the flow, temperature as well as concentration contours. Non-uniform nanoparticle solid concentration and temperature allocations have been imposed at both inclined surfaces. Top and bottom parallel surfaces have been kept as adiabatic. All the walls have been considered as no-slip and impermeable. The leading equations in addition border conditions are initially converted into a dimensionless pattern by a suitable similarity transformation and then resolved arithmetically employing the finite element technique with Galerkin’s residual. Buongiorno’s model of nanofluid on thermal and material transports, and flow structure has been investigated in detail. Outcomes have been displayed in the form of velocity, temperature, and concentration contours with various governing factors like Brownian action, Lewis number, Buoyancy relation, thermophoresis, Rayleigh number, Prandtl number, etc. Also, the rate of thermal transport has been calculated. The thermophoresis and Brownian effects on velocity, heat, and material fields are identified and finally, the flow, heat, and concentration controlling parameters for a specific material and thermal transport applications inside a trapezium-shaped cavity are obtained. Result demonstrates that the increase of Brownian action guides to enhance thermal transport by 34.75 and 34.27% for the right and left walls, respectively.
Nanocatalytic Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Fabricated using Chaetomorpha antennina Algal Extract, Their Characterization, and Its Applications
Authors: Kingslin A. , Kalimuthu K. , Viswanathan P.
Published: June 2022

Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) were synthesized by using an aqueous extract of the green seaweed Chaetomorpha antennina. Synthesized SNPs were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, FESEM, EDAX, and DLS with Zeta potential techniques. The formation of SNPs is confirmed by the appearance signatory brown color of the solution and a characteristic peak at 452 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. FTIR spectrum indicated 11 intense peaks with different functional groups in capping the nanoparticles. The SNP lattice is unaffected by other molecules in the algal extract, as revealed in the XRD pattern, and the average size was 21 nm according to the full width at half minimum. FESEM images revealed that the synthesized SNPs are spherical in morphology, with sizes ranging from 69.99 to 99.19 nm. The EDX result indicates that Ag-NPs display an absorption peak at 3 keV shows the presence of the silver element. The obtained zeta potential value of SNPs through the DLS method was –27.4 mV. The seedling growth was positively affected by a specific concentration of SNPs. In the antioxidant activity, the IC50 value was 384.13 μg/mL. The SNPs react with earthworm Lampito mauritii in the mortality rate of 25% and 100% for 3 min.
Outcomes of Early Development of Hyponatremia in Acute ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Study in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Sowdagar Mohammad Nizamul Hossain , Ahmad Mushtaq , Khan AKM Musa , Jabbar Zahida , Rahman Md Mukhlesur , Sultan Md Ashraf Uddin
Published: June 2022

Background: Coronary heart disease is a global health problem and a major cause of death in both developed and developing countries. Clinical importance of hyponatremia in ST-elevated acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) is an important topic of study among present researchers.

Objective: To assess the outcomes and prognostic implications of early development of hyponatremia inhospitalized acute ST-elevated myocardial infarction patients.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study performed in the department of Cardiology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka from July 2018 to June 2019. A purposive sampling technique was used on 82 patients with ST-elevated acute myocardial infarction admitted in CCU and treated with thrombolysis. They were evaluated for serum sodium level at admission and at 48 hours after admission. Here sodium concentration <135 mmol/L is defined as Hyponartemia. Fourty one patients with hyponatremia were included in Group-I and 41 patients with normal sodium level were included in Group-II. Then the in-hospital outcome variables were analyzed.

Results: Among the study population 86.58% were male and 13.42% were female. Age range was 25 years to 74 years. Considering risk factors highest percentage of study population in group- I had hypertension (60.97%) followed by dyslipidemia (51.21%), diabetes mellitus (51.21%), history of smoking (53.60%), and family history of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) (31.14%). There were five outcome variables such as heart failure, cardiogenic shock, arrhythmia, duration of hospital stay and death. 10 patients died in Group-I and 2 patients died in Group-II. Among the outcome variables death, heart failure and hospital stay was more in Group-I and was statistically significant. hospital outcome of study population according to serum sodium level. Considering in hospital outcome heart failure occurred in 14 patients (p= .001), arrhythmia developed in 17 patients (p=0.108), cardiogenic shock occurred in 9 patients (p=0.354) and death occurred in 10 patients (p=0.002). P-Value of heart failure and death was statistically significant.

Conclusion: Early developed hyponatremia in patients with ST-elevated acute myocardial infarction was an independent predictor of prognosis. It has been found that heart failure, duration of hospital stay and death was more in hyponatremic patients and prognosis worsen with increasing severity of hyponatremia. Plasma sodium level may serve as a simple marker to identify patients at high risk.

University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 1, Jan 2021; 16-21
The influence of PJBL-Stem and PBL-based on the learning motivation of the students on the mathematical creative thinking skills
Authors: Noviyani Anna , Maison Maison , Syaiful Syaiful
Published: June 2022

The study aims at (1) identifying the influence of PjBL-STEM and PBL on the mathematical creative thinking skills; (2) the influence of high, moderate, and low learning motivation on the mathematical creative thinking skills; and (3) identifying the interaction between PjBL-STEM & PBL and learning motivation on the mathematical creative thinking skills. The study itself is a Quasi-Experiment Research with Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The samples in the study are 66 Grade VIII students from 24th State Junior High School Batang Hari. These samples are drawn by using the total sampling technique in which the number of the samples is equal to the number of the population. Then, in gathering the data, the methods that have been implemented are observation, questionnaire, and written test. After the data have been gathered, the data are analyzed by using Two-Way ANOVA. Thus, the results of the study show that: (1) PjBL-STEM and PBL influence the mathematical creative thinking skills as having been shown by the significance value 0.000, which is lower than 0.050 (0.000 < 0.050); (2) high, moderate, and low learning motivation influence the mathematical creative thinking skills as having been shown by the significance value 0.000, which is lower than 0.050 (0.000 < 0.050); and (3) there is an interaction between PjBL-STEM & PBL and learning motivation with the mathematical creative thinking skills as having been shown by the significance value 0.030, which is lower than 0.050 (0.030 < 0.050).
Morphology of restructuring of the bone tissue of the alveolar process of the junk in the area of the lost first molar
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Stupnitsky I.-O. , Rozhko M. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Stupnitsky R. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
Published: June 2022

Summary. The aim of the work was to study the morphological restructuring of the alveolar process of the jaw in the area of lost teeth, as a mechanism that causes local atrophy of the bone tissue in this area. In the course of the studies, it was found that the morphological manifestations of dysfunctional atrophy in each part of the alveolar process depend on the structural features of the bone tissue and physiological conditions. It should be noted that an increase in the process of bone tissue resorption in local dysfunctional atrophy occurs against the background of unchanged appositional growth of the alveolar process. Keywords: bone tissue, alveolar process, microsection, morphological structure
Экспериментальные исследования подачи струи компрессионной пены
Authors: Скорупич Илья Сергеевич , Грачулин Александр Владимирович , Шинкоренко Кирилл Евгеньевич
Published: June 2022

Цель. Определение оптимальных технических характеристик и способов применения отечественной установки генерирования компрессионной пены.
Методы. Гидравлические расчеты, экспериментальные исследования.
Результаты. Рассмотрены технические особенности и тактические возможности установок генерирования компрессионной пены (далее – УГКП). Экспериментальным путем определена дальность подачи струи компрессионной пены в зависимости от характеристик пены, диаметра насадка пожарного ствола и избыточного давления на выходе из него. Полученные в исследовании экспериментальные данные были использованы при разработке технических условий на УГКП – 2/8-50.
Область применения исследований. Полученные результаты могут быть применены при разработке методических рекомендаций по применению установок генерирования компрессионной пены для целей пожаротушения.
Экспериментальные исследования параметров движения потока по сухому руслу в условиях высокогорья при гидродинамической аварии
Authors: Стриганова Марина Юрьевна , Шаталов Игорь Михайлович , Щербакова Мария Константиновна , Бандолик Николай Николаевич , Гудков Алексей Александрович , Комзолова Дарья Сергеевна
Published: June 2022

Цель. Экспериментально исследовать характер движения и параметры нестационарных водных потоков в нижнем бьефе по сухому руслу, образующихся при нарушении целостности или прорыве плотины в условиях высокогорья.
Методы. Гидравлические расчеты, экспериментальные исследования, видеонаблюдения.
Результаты. Разработаны модель рассматриваемого гидротехнического сооружения и методика проведения эксперимента. Выявлен характер движущегося потока при гидродинамической аварии на высокогорной плотине. Экспериментальным путем определена высота волны перемещения в расчетных створах при движении водного потока по наклонному сухому руслу.
Область применения исследований. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при прогнозировании последствий возможной гидродинамической аварии, что необходимо для разработки мероприятий по эвакуации населения, ликвидации последствий затопления и оценки возможного ущерба.
COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF A BUILDING: AN ENERGY-EFFICIENT APPROACH USING EQUEST CODE
Authors:   Mettu University, Mettu, Oromia, Ethiopia, Arif Mohd , Hasan Nasim ,   Mettu University, Mettu, Oromia, Ethiopia
Published: June 2022

t— Building energy demand increases gradually as the urbanization advances. Energy consumption due to space cooling is a crucial area of research. Researchers around the globe, attempt to replicate the energy behaviour of building using numerous types of simulation tools. In this study, a model of an engineering college has been considered for analysis of energy consumption throughout a year. This article explores various factors affecting overall energy demand of a building which is located in the hot and dry climate of Bikaner (28.0229 °N, 73.3119 °E), India. An air-cooled chiller is modelled in eQuest, which is a building modelling and simulation tool, to meet the space cooling requirement of the building and a baseline model in eQuest is created in compliance with ASHRAE 90.1 and Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC), Government of India. The impact of different building orientations and construction of roof assemblies on energy utilization is investigated. A lucid impact of aforementioned parameters on building energy requirement is observed which turns into a considerable saving in annual energy consumption up to 3.36%.
A STUDY AND EVALUATIONOF SYMMETRIC BULLET SHAPE MANUFACTURING PROCESS AT ELSHAJARA INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors:   Faculty of post graduates Nile Valley University, Atbara, Sudan, Abbas Hassan Hassan , M.I. Shukri Mohamed ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Nile Valley University, Atbara, Sudan
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study is to optimizethe solution to the case of the Elshajara industrial complex (EIC) related to the symmetry of the bullets and dies. The plan was to investigate and identify the causes of the problem for this case study, looking for the optimal solution according to the available capabilities. In this research problem, its affect on aiming accuracy on the target of the bullet was studied through conducting investigations, analysis and evaluation, and then detecting the reasons that formed and solving them through the optimal solution that was made using the process of manufacturing for the local cutting tool and local dies, with capabilities available. The result of comparison of the required design shows great conformance between the quality control department test of the bullet photo manufactured by the imported dies, with the bullet photo manufactured by locally manufactured dies using the available capabilities. Analysis of results has been presented and showed the advantages of remanufacturing of local cutting tool and local dies by using available capabilities. The research suggested some recommendations to improve productivity, obtain quality and reliability.
EFFECT OF MACHINING PARAMETERS ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN CNC TURNING
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Nile Nile Valley University, Sudan, Mustafa Nour Eldeen Hamad Elniel , Gasim Ahmed Dr.Salah ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Karary University, Omdurman, Sudan
Published: June 2022

Surface roughness is one of the important criteria for product quality in manufacturing processes. It depends on many factors according to different manufacturing processes. In relation to the operation of the lathes, which is the focus of our study, it was found that the controllable factors affecting surface smoothness are (cutting speed, feeding rate and depth of cut). Samples of mild steel are used for the experiment; with different settings. Readings of the surface roughness are measured using sensitive digital devices, and then analyzed using octave programs. The experimental results and graphs showed that the surface roughness is greatly affected by the cutting parameters, and using of cooling liquid. The results obtained from this work showed that the surface roughness decreases with increasing spindle speed, decreasing cutting depth and feed.
COVID-19 PATIENT TRACKING SYSTEM
Authors:   University of Hertfordshire School of physics, engineering, and computer science Colombo, Sri Lanka, Bopearachchi Victoria
Published: June 2022

on 11th match 2020, Covid-19 was recognized as a pandemic. Since then, high number of deaths and the critical mass of global hospitalized patients was recorded in order of millions. Carefully managing covid19 infected patients care the overall public health and support to lighten its impact on vulnerable populations, healthcare arrangements. A GPS based tracking system is proposed to track covid-19 patients. The system can provide a real time map of the patient location. Internet of things (IoT) is a technology that aids in increasing the comfort ability of mankind. IoT is increasingly used in the health care industry, and these systems and technology are considered a lifesaving attempt. This presented system can be used by medical sector/ quarantine centers for officers to track covid-19 infected patients. Apart from real time tracking of the patient, proposed tracking system can be utilized by the patients to get help in an emergency. Furthermore, alert system introduced, if the patient escapes the geofence area, alert is sent to the officers in the quarantine center. Desktop application introduced to manage officers, patients and covid centers, web application is introduced to view the map interface.
SURFACE AND ADHESION PROPERTIES OF URETHANE ACRYLATE GRAFT COPOLYMERS
Authors:   School of engineering Elmergib University, Khoms City Libya, A Alshuiref Abubker , M Bin Mahmoud Mahmoud ,   School of engineering Elmergib University, Khoms City Libya, A Maraie Ahmed ,   School of engineering Elmergib University, Khoms City Libya, M Alburki Salem ,   School of engineering Elmergib University, Khoms City Libya, G Greesh Nagi ,   Libyan Advanced Centre for Chemical Analysis, Authority of Scientific Research, Tripoli, Libya
Published: June 2022

A solvent –based adhesive in which a continuous phase includes a solvent for an acrylic based adhesive or a solvent for a urethane based adhesive and wherein adhesive molecules and dissolved in the solvent to form said continuous phase, the adhesive being characterised in in that adhesive molecules include graft polymer where in a major partof the molecule is either acrylic based or urethane based such that the major part is of sufficient size to provide the adhesive molecule with a required solubility in said solvent and wherein a minor part of the molecule is based on the other of said acrylic or urethane thereby providing said molecule with attributes of both acrylic based and urethane based adhesives.Adhesion increased as the content of urethane macromonomers (UMs) increased in graft copolymer. The graft copolymer prepared using a high UM feed for both PMMA and PnBMA showed improved in adhesion compared to the pure methacrylate polymers. The adhesion was better whether for leather and for vinyl. Surface and adhesive properties were improved as the amount of UM content increased in the graft copolymer. Smaller contact angles result giving a surface with a higher surface energy and increase in T-peel strength was observed as the amount of UM content increased in the graft copolymer.
CLASSIFICATION AND DETECTION OF DYSRHYTHMIA FOR LECTROCARDIOGRAPHY SIGNALS BY CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Lu Wenzong ,   Shaanxi Province, 710021, China, Ma Hang ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Technological University; Shaanxi Province, 710021, China
Published: June 2022

Electrocardiography is the most useful method for diagnosing cardiovascular disease such as arrhythmia. Heartbeat classification of electrocardiography signals is a valuable and hopeful technology for early warning of dysrhythmia because it contains the cardiac electrical activities and reflects the abnormal cardiac activity. Therefore, a novel electrocardiogram-based arrhythmic beats classification was proposed to automatically detect the main types of dysrhythmia using electrocardiography signal in this work. A convolutional neural network model was used to automatically detect the normal and the types of dysrhythmia electrocardiography beats. The beat was transformed into a matrix as two-dimensional input to the model. The classification system was assessed to detect the normal, left bundle branch block, premature ventricular contraction and right bundle branch block beats using the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The results showed that an average accuracy of 99.30% and 98.85% was achieved by using ML2 lead of electrocardiography data with one-dimensional and 2-dimensional input, respectively. An average accuracy of 97.00% and 97.20% was achieved by using V1 lead of electrocardiography data with one-dimensional and 2-dimensional input, respectively. Moreover, no feature extraction of signals was carried out in this study. Consequently, the proposed model can accurately test the unknown electrocardiography signal and aid the clinician in the diagnosis of dysrhythmia.
EARLY STAGE ERGONOMICS STUDY TO ENSURE SAFER MANUFACTURING WORK PLACE IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY- A CASE STUDY
Authors:   Tata Technologies Ltd. Pune, Maharashtra, India, Kumar Sahu Dilip , Sharma Vikas ,   Tata Technologies Ltd. Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, Jain Ayush ,   Tata Technologies Ltd. Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, Srivastava Ritesh ,   Tata Technologies Ltd. Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: June 2022

— Workplace ergonomics plays an important role in an automotive industry as quantum of work is done manually. Good ergonomically designed processes are key to employee’s safety, good product quality and productivity. Organizations are working continuously to improve their processes in order to improve the workplace ergonomics. Acquiescent the importance and benefits that can be reaped from good ergonomically designed processes and for healthy and motivated workforce organizations are working proactively to identify the potential improvement areas. For automotive OEM’s having large number of processes, it is difficult to identify ergonomics issues at early stages of new process design during launch of new products. Therefore, systematic approach along with effective management of study data is required for result oriented ergonomics improvement on large scale. An apt ergonomics study of processes will help to identify key ergonomics issues and also to sort them for prioritizing actions based on key studied parameter values. This paper presents methodology of early stage ergonomic study to ensure safer work place. This methodology is combination of existing ergonomics study methods which are integrated with process engineering software tool and uses 3D simulation tool for ergonomics posture analysis and improvement plan analysis. This integration is providing numerous benefits such as quick and systematic study, digitally managing information, automated results and reports of study for analysis. This detailed early stage analysis lead to root causes of ergonomic issues which is shown with the help of sample case of an assembly line.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME (PTP) ON PREVENTION OF OSTEOARTHRITIS AMONG WOMEN IN SELECTED AREA, KASHMIR
Authors:   Department of Medical Surgical Nursing Government College of Nursing, BD Khan, Srinagar, J&K,India, Ahmad DaR Sameer , Qadir Humaira ,   Madre-Meherban College of Nursing, SKIMS, Srinagar, J&K. India
Published: June 2022

A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on prevention of osteoarthritis among women in selected area, Kashmir. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on prevention of osteoarthritis among selected women. Materials and Methods: An evaluative one group pre-test and post-test preexperimental design was used. With the purposive sampling 50 study participants were selected. Tool used in this study included two sections, Section-I including demographic Performa of women such as age, education, occupation, family history and source of information. Section-II including close ended structured knowledge questionnaire with 35 items regarding knowledge of osteoarthritis and its management. STP was administered after conducting pre-test and post-test was conducted after 7 days. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistical technique. Result: The data analysis revealed that the post-test knowledge score 66% was higher than that of pre-test knowledge score 8%. Post-test findings revealed that subjects had gained adequate knowledge. Conclusion: The study concluded that the planned teaching programme(PTP) on prevention of Osteoporosis was an effective method of enhancing the knowledge of women regarding prevention of osteoarthritis.
The use of Collaborative Approaches on Students’ Performances in Redox Reactions
Authors:   Science Department, Winneba Senior High School, Winneba, Ghana, Adjei Francis , Hanson Ruby ,   Department of Chemistry Education, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana, Sam Arkoful ,   Department of Chemistry Education, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana, Sedegah Samuel ,   Presbyterian College of Education, Akropong-Akuapem, Ghana
Published: June 2022

This study investigated the use of collaborative instructional approaches on Form two science students’ performance in redox reactions. The sample for this study consisted of 106 science students from Winneba Senior High School in Ghana. The sample was selected from two intact classes in the school. After a pre-test organised for both classes, the class with the lower average score was assigned as the experimental group and the other class assigned the control group. Interviews, questionnaires, and tests were used as the main instruments to collect data for the study. The reliability of the questionnaire, pre-test, and post-test items which were determined using Cronbach-Alpha ranged from 0.76 to 0.80. A collaborative learning text-oriented instruction was applied in teaching the experimental group whereas conventional approach was used in teaching the control group. It was also found that a number of the students who took part in the study had wrong notions about redox reactions. The findings showed that there was a significant difference in performance between the experimental and control group. The experimental group performed better in the post-test than the control group. It is recommended that chemistry teachers in Ghana should employ the collaborative learning approach in teaching chemistry to enhance the students’ learning.
“Você é seu próprio lar”: sobre moradia e violência patrimonial contra mulheres
Authors: Santos Kátia Alexsandra dos , Bugai Fernanda Araujo , Karpinski Mônica
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a temática da violência patrimonial contra mulheres no que concerne especificamente ao direito à moradia. Para tanto, discutimos o conceito de violência patrimonial à luz da premissa divulgada pelo senso comum de que a mulher “perde seus direitos” quando abandona o lar. A discussão é materializada por meio de um relato de experiência, organizado a partir de fragmentos de casos atendidos no projeto de extensão Núcleo Maria da Penha (NUMAPE), em Irati, no Paraná. Os dados permitem analisar a violência patrimonial a partir de uma visão interdisciplinar, articulando uma análise jurídica, bem como psicológica, ao considerar o aspecto subjetivo da função do “lar” para as mulheres.
“Eles pensam que vêm estudar o Daime. De fato, vêm conhecer a si mesmos”: sobre inteligibilidades antropológicas, perspectivismos e pós-modernismos
Authors: Groisman Alberto
Published: June 2022

Este manuscrito aborda eventos relevantes tanto do ponto de vista acadêmico quanto etnográfico. Um evento, foi ter ouvido do líder do Santo Daime, Sebastião Mota de Melo, uma frase que memorizei como “Eles pensam que vêm estudar o Daime. De fato, vêm conhecer a si mesmos”. Um outro evento sintético e norteador da discussão é uma passagem de minha pesquisa de campo em que me vi diante de acontecimento extraordinário. Os dois eventos se articulam para pensar o ofício da etnografia, assim como inteligibilidades antropológicas, perspectivismos e pós-modernismos. Abordo e rememoro a articulação do pensamento de autores motivada por um convite para participar de encontro na Universidade Federal do Acre. A intenção é levantar questões que instabilizam certezas e convencionalismos da formação de pesquisadores(as) em antropologia, e seus desdobra-mentos para a formulação de textos etnográficos.
Um Exu para chamar de meu: narrativas do percurso religioso de Pai Paulinho de Odé
Authors: Isaia Artur Cesar , Bernd Zilá , Silveira Marcelo Luis Henriques
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo está inserido no campo de estudos sobre memória e religiosidade afro-brasileira. O objeto empírico de pesquisa trata do percurso religioso de Pai Paulinho de Odé na Umbanda, dirigente espiritual do Terreiro “Ilê de Odé Tolobum Beociomi”, de Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul. A partir das entrevistas com Pai Paulinho, analisamos suas vivências relacionadas à religião e dialogamos com a bibliografia que serve como suporte teórico-metodológico. A pesquisa tem viés qualitativo e as entrevistas seguiram o protocolo metodológico utilizado em estudos relacionados à História Oral. Abordamos a história de vida de Pai Paulinho: seu nascimento; sua infância, convivendo no Terreiro; a primeira vez que recebeu uma entidade espiritual; e a importância que o sonho teve sobre sua permanência na religião. Concluímos pela extrema centralidade e presença estruturante do Exu e da matrifocalidade das experiências familiares e religiosas.
Narrativas de memórias alimentares: implicações para a solidariedade intergeracional
Authors: Bosio Jaqueline Pauluci , Cabral Maria da Luz Leite , Bennemann Rose Mari , Macuch Regiane da Silva
Published: June 2022

A interação entre gerações facilita o reavivamento de memórias e o fortalecimento de vínculos. O presente estudo aborda o papel dos estímulos positivos na recuperação de memórias afetivas atreladas à alimentação como estratégia de aproximação, solidariedade e fortalecimento de laços intergeracionais. O estudo exploratório baseou-se na abordagem identificada como café-conversa, na qual os participantes foram convidados a conversar enquanto compartilhavam lanches leves, em duas sessões de até três horas. Vinte e uma pessoas participaram e os dados coletados foram abordados pela análise de conteúdo qualitativa. Os resultados evidenciam a importância em se resgatar memórias vinculadas à alimentação e ao ato do comer junto para relações saudáveis entre gerações. Como conclusão tem-se que ouvir e contar histórias sobre alimentação oferece às pessoas de diferentes gerações oportunidades de socializar e compartilhar sobre suas vidas em um ambiente agradável, sendo uma estratégia particularmente eficaz para o vínculo intergeracional.
Vitae memorabilem: o memorial acadêmico como escrita autobiográfica entre historiadores e antropólogos
Authors: Silva Wilton C. L.
Published: June 2022

No Brasil o memorial acadêmico é um relato crítico autorreferenciado da trajetória cultural e intelectual de um docente universitário, exigido em concursos públicos de progressão de carreira. A partir da análise de alguns memoriais acadêmicos dos professores aprova-dos em concursos de livre-docência (e em alguns de titularidade) nos Departamentos de História e Antropologia na Universidade de São Paulo (USP) e na Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp), entre 2000 e 2015, para identificar possíveis eixos narrativos e problematizar processos de construção social da memória, tendo como referenciais a ego-história e a autoetnografia. Concluímos que os autores-narradores estão vinculados a relações particulares com seu tempo e seu ethos, o que mostra que tal tipo de documento é tanto um relato de uma trajetória como também reflexo de uma forma de institucionalização do Ensino Superior.
Uma política de esquecimento? Invisibilidade das marcas da ditadura civil-militar em Curitiba
Authors: Gonçalves Nadia Gaiofatto , Matozo Marcus Antônio , Silva Luiz Gabriel da , Castanharo Stella Titotto
Published: June 2022

Este artigo analisa alguns locais utilizados pela repressão em Curitiba durante a ditadura civil-militar (1964-1985) e o processo de descaracterização pelo qual passa-ram após o final do regime, discutindo uma possível política de ocultação das marcas da ditadura na paisagem urbana. Para tanto, foram analisados testemunhos de ex-presos políticos, assim como o relatório da Comissão Estadual da Verdade Tereza Urban (CEV/PR, 2017a, 2017b), na tentativa de compreender os diferentes tipos de esquecimento que foram implantados pelo Estado e suas motivações. Por fim, verificou-se que sistemáticamente as marcas do período foram sendo apagadas, esquecidas e silenciadas, seja por intervenção do tempo ou por descaso do poder público.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Viability and the Expression of Cell Cycle Regulators in an Age-dependent Manner
Authors: Fichtel Pascal , von Bonin Malte , Kuhnert Robert , Möbus Kristin , Bornhäuser Martin , Wobus Manja
Published: June 2022

Aging of the hematopoietic system is characterized by an expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with reduced capacity for engraftment, self-renewal, and lymphoid differentiation, resulting in myeloid-biased hematopoiesis. This process is mediated by both HSPC intrinsic and extrinsic factors, e.g., the stromal environment. A relevant cellular component of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment are mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) which regulate fate and differentiation of HSPCs. The bi-directional communication with HSPCs is mediated either by direct cell-cell contacts or by extracellular vesicles (EVs) which carry bioactive substances such as small RNA, DNA, lipids and proteins. So far, the impact of MSC-derived EVs on human hematopoietic aging is poorly investigated. BM MSCs were isolated from young (n = 3, median age: 22 years) and aged (n = 3, median age: 70 years) donors and the EVs were isolated after culturing the confluent cell layer in serum-free medium for 48 h. CD34+ HSPCs were purified from peripheral blood of healthy donors (n = 3, median age: 65 years) by magnetic sorting. Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blot detection of EV markers CD63, CD81 and Flotillin-1 revealed no significant differences between young and aged MSC-EVs. Interestingly, young MSCs secreted a significantly higher miRNA concentration than aged cells. However, the amount of distinct miRNAs such as miR-29a and miR-34a was significantly higher in aged MSC-EVs. HSPCs incubated with young EVs showed a significant increase in cell number and a higher viability. The expression of the tumor suppressors PTEN, a known target of mir-29a, and CDKN2A was increased in HSPCs incubated with young EVs. The clonogenic assay demonstrated a decreased colony number of CFU-GM after treatment with young EVs and an increased number of BFU-E/CFU-E after incubation with aged MSC-EVs. Xenogenic transplantation experiments showed no significant differences concerning the engraftment of lymphoid or myeloid cell compartments, but the overall human chimerism 8–16 weeks after transplantation was higher after EV treatment. In conclusion, our data suggest that HSPC characteristics such as cell cycle activity and clonogenicity can be modulated by MSC-derived EVs. Further studies have to elucidate the potential therapeutic relevance of our findings.
Gold Nanoparticle-Functionalized Diatom Biosilica as Label-Free Biosensor for Biomolecule Detection
Authors: Chen Tongtong , Wu Feifei , Li Yang , Rozan Hussein E. , Chen Xiguang , Feng Chao
Published: June 2022

Diatom biosilica (DBs) is the cell wall of natural diatom called frustule, which is made of porous hydrogenated amorphous silica possessing periodic micro- to nanoscale features. In this study, a simple, sensitive, and label-free photoluminescence (PL) immune-detection platform based on functionalized diatom frustules was developed. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) deposited on poly-dopamine-coated diatom frustules via in situ deposition which considerably decreased the intrinsic blue PL intensity of diatom biosilica. Then, goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) was added to functionalize diatom biosilica-poly-dopamine-AuNPs (DBs-PDA-AuNPs). PL studies revealed that the specific binding with antigen rabbit IgG increased the peak intensity of PL in comparison with the non-complimentary antigen (human IgG). The enhancement in PL intensity of DBs-PDA had a linear correlation with antigen (rabbit IgG) concentration, whose limit of detection (LOD) reached 8 × 10-6 mg/ml. Furthermore, PL detection based on DBs-PDA-AuNPs showed a high detection sensitivity with the LOD as low as 8 × 10-9 mg/ml and spread over almost eight orders of magnitude, making it suitable for the sensitive quantitative analysis of immune complex compared with traditional fluorescence immunoassay. Hence, the study proves that the AuNP-functionalized diatom frustules can serve as an effective biosensor platform for label-free PL-based immunoassay.
Mussel-Inspired Microgel Encapsulated NLRP3 Inhibitor as a Synergistic Strategy Against Dry Eye
Authors: Zha Zhiwei , Chen Qiumeng , Xiao Decheng , Pan Chengjie , Xu Wei , Shen Liangliang , Shen Jianliang , Chen Wei
Published: June 2022

The inflammatory response mediated by oxidative stress is the main pathogenesis of dry eye, but clinical observations have shown that scavenging oxygen-free radicals alone has limited therapeutic effect. Moreover, the unique anatomy and physiology of the ocular surface result in low bioavailability of drugs, and higher concentration is required to achieve the desired efficacy, which, however, may bring systemic side effects. These problems pose a challenge, but the revelation of the ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β signaling axis opens up new possibilities. In this investigation, an NLRP3 inhibitor was successfully encapsulated in polydopamine-based microgels and used for dry eye treatment. It was demonstrated that the well-designed microgels exhibited good biocompatibility, prolonged drug retention time on the ocular surface, and effective inhibition of corneal epithelial damage and cell apoptosis. In addition, due to the synergistic effect, the NLRP3 inhibitor–loaded microgels could exert enhanced oxygen radical scavenging and inflammation-inhibiting effects at a lower dose than monotherapy. These findings suggest that polydopamine-based microgels have advantages as ocular surface drug delivery platforms and have promising applications in oxidative damage–related inflammatory diseases in synergy with anti-inflammatory drugs.
Identification of the Key Enzymes in WL Gum Biosynthesis and Critical Composition in Viscosity Control
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Zaimei , Liu Jianlin , Guo Zhongrui , Chen Mengqi , Li Benchao , Xue Han , Ji Sixue , Li Hang , Qin Lijian , Zhu Ling , Wang Jiqian , Zhu Hu
Published: June 2022

As an important microbial exopolysaccharide, the sphingan WL gum could be widely used in petroleum, food, and many other fields. However, its lower production is still limiting its wider application. Therefore, to gain insights into the bottlenecks of WL gum production by identifying the key enzymes in the WL gum biosynthesis pathway, more than 20 genes were over-expressed in Sphingomonas sp. WG and their effects on WL gum production and structure were investigated. Compared to the control strain, the WL gum production of welB over-expression strain was increased by 19.0 and 21.0% at 36 and 84 h, respectively. The WL gum production of both atrB and atrD over-expression strains reached 47 g/L, which was approximately 34.5% higher than that of the control strain at 36 h. Therefore, WelB, AtrB, and AtrD may be the key enzymes in WL production. Interestingly, the broth viscosity of most over-expression strains decreased, especially the welJ over-expression strain whose viscosity decreased by 99.3% at 84 h. Polysaccharides’ structural features were investigated to find the critical components in viscosity control. The uronic acid content and total sugar content was affected by only a few genes, therefore, uronic acid and total sugar content may be not the key composition. In comparison, the acetyl degrees were enhanced by over-expression of most genes, which meant that acetyl content may be the critical factor and negatively correlated with the apparent viscosity of WL gum. This work provides useful information on the understanding of the bottlenecks of WL gum biosynthesis and will be helpful for the construction of high WL gum-yielding strains and rheological property controlling in different industries.
ATM Modulates Nuclear Mechanics by Regulating Lamin A Levels
Authors: Shah Pragya , McGuigan Connor W. , Cheng Svea , Vanpouille-Box Claire , Demaria Sandra , Weiss Robert S. , Lammerding Jan
Published: June 2022

Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is one of the three main apical kinases at the crux of DNA damage response and repair in mammalian cells. ATM activates a cascade of downstream effector proteins to regulate DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoints in response to DNA double-strand breaks. While ATM is predominantly known for its role in DNA damage response and repair, new roles of ATM have recently begun to emerge, such as in regulating oxidative stress or metabolic pathways. Here, we report the surprising discovery that ATM inhibition and deletion lead to reduced expression of the nuclear envelope protein lamin A. Lamins are nuclear intermediate filaments that modulate nuclear shape, structure, and stiffness. Accordingly, inhibition or deletion of ATM resulted in increased nuclear deformability and enhanced cell migration through confined spaces, which requires substantial nuclear deformation. These findings point to a novel connection between ATM and lamin A and may have broad implications for cells with ATM mutations—as found in patients suffering from Ataxia Telangiectasia and many human cancers—which could lead to enhanced cell migration and increased metastatic potential.
Mechanoautophagy: Synergies Between Autophagy and Cell Mechanotransduction at Adhesive Complexes
Authors: Ravasio Andrea , Morselli Eugenia , Bertocchi Cristina
Published: June 2022

Cells are exposed and respond to various mechanical forces and physical cues stemming from their environment. This interaction has been seen to differentially regulate various cellular processes for maintenance of homeostasis, of which autophagy represents one of the major players. In addition, autophagy has been suggested to regulate mechanical functions of the cells including their interaction with the environment. In this minireview, we summarize the state of the art of the fascinating interplay between autophagy and the mechanotransduction machinery associated with cell adhesions, that we name ¨Mechanoautophagy¨
Hydroxy- and Amino-Phosphonates and -Bisphosphonates: Synthetic Methods and Their Biological Applications
Authors: Kaboudin Babak , Daliri Payam , Faghih Samaneh , Esfandiari Hesam
Published: June 2022

Phosphonates and bisphosphonates are stable analogs of phosphates and pyrophosphates that are characterized by one and two carbon–phosphorus bonds, respectively. Among the various phosphonates and bisphosphonates, hydroxy and amino substitutes are of interest as effective in medicinal and industrial chemistry. For example, hydroxy bisphosphonates have proven to be effective for the prevention of bone loss, especially in osteoporotic disease. On the other hand, different substitutions on the carbon atom connected to phosphorus have led to the synthesis of many different hydroxy- and amino-phosphonates and -bisphosphonates, each with its distinct physical, chemical, biological, therapeutic, and toxicological characteristics. Dialkyl or aryl esters of phosphonate and bisphosphonate compounds undergo the hydrolysis process readily and gave valuable materials with wide applications in pharmaceutical and agriculture. This review aims to demonstrate the ongoing preparation of various classes of hydroxy- and amino-phosphonates and -bisphosphonates. Furthermore, the current review summarizes and comprehensively describes articles on the biological applications of hydroxyl- and amino-phosphonates and -bisphosphonates from 2015 until today.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antitumor Mechanism Investigation of Heterometallic Ru(Ⅱ)-Re(Ⅰ) Complexes
Authors: Ma Xiurong , Lu Junjian , Yang Peixin , Huang Bo , Li Rongtao , Ye Ruirong
Published: June 2022

The development of heteronuclear metal complexes as potent anticancer agents has received increasing attention in recent years. In this study, two new heteronuclear Ru(Ⅱ)-Re(Ⅰ) metal complexes, [Ru(bpy)2LRe(CO)3(DIP)](PF6)3 and [Ru(phen)2LRe(CO)3(DIP)](PF6)3 [RuRe-1 and RuRe-2, L = 2-(4-pyridinyl)imidazolio[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, DIP = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline], were synthesized and characterized. Cytotoxicity assay shows that RuRe-1 and RuRe-2 exhibit higher anticancer activity than cisplatin, and exist certain selectivity toward human cancer cells over normal cells. The anticancer mechanistic studies reveal that RuRe-1 and RuRe-2 can induce apoptosis through the regulation of cell cycle, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and caspase cascade. Moreover, RuRe-1 and RuRe-2 can effectively inhibit cell migration and colony formation. Taken together, heteronuclear Ru(Ⅱ)-Re(Ⅰ) metal complexes possess the prospect of developing new anticancer agents with high efficacy.
Obese Individuals With and Without Phlegm-Dampness Constitution Show Different Gut Microbial Composition Associated With Risk of Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Shin Juho , Li Tianxing , Zhu Linghui , Wang Qi , Liang Xue , Li Yanan , Wang Xin , Zhao Shipeng , Li Lingru , Li Yingshuai
Published: June 2022

Background

Obesity is conventionally considered a risk factor for multiple metabolic diseases, such as dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, not every obese patient will progress to metabolic disease. Phlegm-dampness constitution (PDC), one of the nine TCM constitutions, is considered a high-risk factor for obesity and its complications. Alterations in the gut microbiota have been shown to drive the development and progression of obesity and metabolic disease, however, key microbial changes in obese patients with PDC have a higher risk for metabolic disorders remain elusive.

Methods

We carried out fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing in the present study, including 30 obese subjects with PDC (PDC), 30 individuals without PDC (non-PDC), and 30 healthy controls with balanced constitution (BC). Metagenomic functional prediction of bacterial taxa was achieved using PICRUSt.

Results

Obese individuals with PDC had higher BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and altered composition of their gut microbiota compared to non-PDC obese individuals. At the phylum level, the gut microbiota was characterized by increased abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased levels of Firmicutes and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. At the genus level, Faecalibacterium, producing short-chain fatty acid, achieving anti-inflammatory effects and strengthening intestinal barrier functions, was depleted in the PDC group, instead, Prevotella was enriched. Most PDC-associated bacteria had a stronger correlation with clinical indicators of metabolic disorders rather than more severe obesity. The PICRUSt analysis demonstrated 70 significantly different microbiome community functions between the two groups, which were mainly involved in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, such as promoting Arachidonic acid metabolism, mineral absorption, and Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, reducing Arginine and proline metabolism, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, and primary bile acid biosynthesis. Furthermore, a disease classifier based on microbiota was constructed to accurately discriminate PDC individuals from all obese people.

Conclusion

Our study shows that obese individuals with PDC can be distinguished from non-PDC obese individuals based on gut microbial characteristics. The composition of the gut microbiome altered in obese with PDC may be responsible for their high risk of metabolic diseases.