bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Unemployment Status. Indicating College Majors that Reduces the Unemployment Status in Lebanon
Authors: HALABI Izdehar , KOURANI Jana
Published: August 2023

Unemployment status is considered one of the divisive economic issues. This paper aims to examine the factors such as age, gender, geographical area, educational level, college major and work experience that affect unemployment status in Lebanon. As well as predicting college majors that reduce unemployment in Lebanon. Using the survey method to collect data. This study found that individuals with higher educational levels and higher work experience are set to have higher chances to be employed. Another finding is that males have more opportunities to get hired. With respect to the geographical area, citizens that live in the capital Beirut, have more chances to enter the labor market. Individuals between the age of 24 and 37 have higher chances to get recruited. By studying the college majors, this study found that individuals that have business management, computer science, art, health, nursing, nutrition and psychology as a college major could guarantee a job opportunity more than individuals with other majors. The findings would help students in choosing a college major that helps them find a job opportunity after graduating.Copyright© 2022 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the license CC-BY 4.0., which permits any further distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Tourism Industry in France in Consideration of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Main Selected Issues
Authors: MROZEK Michal
Published: August 2023

COVID-19 led to a shockwave in all aspects of the tourism sector, generating an increase in significant studies. The research regards the selected problems within the tourism industry in France: the participation in tourism for personal purposes; the total contribution of travel and tourism to GDP; domestic tourism expenditure; spending of international tourists; the direct contribution of travel and tourism to employment; the average price of a standard double hotel room in Paris in terms of the COVID-19 pandemic. The fundamental aim of the paper is the assessment of the situation within the tourism industry in France in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper is using of statistical, dynamics, comparative and documentation analysis. The discussion shows that the tourism sector in France within the chosen aspects impacted various COVID-19 pandemic related shocks in the examination time. The authorities applied the relevant instruments, solutions, and activities that mitigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and, in result, positioned tourism industry in France on the proper way to return to the position as one of the most visited countries in the world. Originally from 2021, similar tourism tendencies to those noticed in 2020 (country lockdowns, quarantines, border closures), modifications of structure beginning from summer 2020 can result in hysteresis consequences in 2022. The inference process took place in a deductive way. The presented paper regards the leading tourist country. It focuses on the considerations in such scientific areas as participation in tourism for personal purposes; the total contribution of travel domestic tourism expenditure; spending of international tourists; employment. Applying the instruments and measures of the analysis enables one to examine the crucial problems of the tourism industry. The arguments indicated in the paper can be beneficial for practitioners, decision-makers, and managers. The pandemic's trajectory is challenging to be forecast. The COVID-19 pandemic modifications can cause the growth of infected people.Furthermore, the defined economic activity within the tourism sector resulting from additional lockdowns may have a meaningful influence on the different aspects of the socio-economic ground. The paper can inspire additional research and examination in the ground of crucial issues of the tourism industry in France and other stimulating scientific analysis. 
Analysis of the Composition and Trends in the European Union Labor Market Between 2010 and 2020
Authors: COJOCARU Teodor Marian , NĂSTASE Luiza Loredana , TOMA Ovidiu
Published: August 2023

This article aims, through research methods such as quantitative and qualitative analysis (empirical and descriptive), as well as comparison and interpretation, to highlight the composition and trends in the EU labor market between 2010-2020, given the link and mutual conditioning between socio-economic phenomena and the labor market, as part of the realities and trends of European social policy. Thus, the aim was to identify the differences between the Member States of the European Union, but also compared to the EU average, by analyzing the performance and the degree of fulfillment of the indicators pre-established by public policies, as specific objectives of social policy, aiming to ensure an adequate and non-discriminatory framework so that all citizens have equal access to resources and opportunities.In order to present the trend in the evolution of employment, we analyzed the indicators regarding the active population, activity rates, employment rate, employed population, unemployment, unemployment rate, inactive population, but also the Job vacancy rate (annual average). Last but not least, we analyzed a delicate issue at the level of some member states of the European Union, highlighting both shortcomings in the transition from the education system to the labor market, as well as shortcomings in terms of employment of a category of population, namely NEET rate.
Health Economics in Improving the Health Care System. Roles and Economic Implications
Authors: SIWEK Monika
Published: August 2023

This research paper is an attempt to demonstrate the significant role of the health economics in the development and strengthening of the health care system. Health economics using general economy theories related to individual goods and markets of medical services can provide valuable clues for the analysis of health systems, taking into account their organizational and functional structure. In recent years, health economics it has become one of the most important economy industries due to increasing health costs that have mainly caused state budget deficits.
The Nexus Between Taxation and Gender-Based Informality: Evidence from Nigerian Enterprise Survey Data
Authors: DIDIA Dal , HASNAT Baban , SANDA Ahmadu , TAHIR Suleiman
Published: August 2023

Using the Nigerian enterprise survey data, this paper examines whether there is a gender dimension in the capacity of informal firms to contribute to tax revenues, a more specific question asked is whether tax rates and female gender ownership effects informality. Gender categorization of the firm’s ownership shows an overwhelming dominance of men holding over women, with a favorable ratio of 6:1 of the total sample. The results of the investigation on firms owned by females revealed that they are more likely to remain in the informal sector. By using the cross-sectional logit regression approach, we found no statistical significance between tax rates and a firm’s propensity to join the informal sector. It explains a typical scenario where the tax rates mechanism has failed to transmit effectively. Finally, we attained a divergent policy indication that suggests tax compliance enforcement and incentivizing female firms’ owners, among other measures. 
Reaction of the Philippine Stock Market to Domestic Monetary Policy Surprises: An Event Study Approach
Authors: MARAN Raluca
Published: August 2023

This paper uses an event study analysis to assess how stock prices in the Philippines have reacted to domestic monetary-policy changes using data at a daily frequency from 2017 to 2022. A major contribution of this paper is the construction of a monetary-policy surprise measure for the Philippines, as the difference between the actual change in the monetary policy rate and the change anticipated by professional forecasters. My results are consistent with the literature, suggesting that unanticipated monetary policy changes exert a significant influence on stock prices in the Philippines. Overall, I find that an unexpected increase of 25 basis points in the monetary policy rate increases stock prices by about 1.09% on average. These results are robust to the inclusion of additional control variables in the baseline regression model, such as the implementation of restrictions to economic activity to curb the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak or revisions to macroeconomic forecasts released concomitantly with the monetary-policy rate announcement.
Atlantis Rising Blueprint for a Better World
Authors: HANAPPI Hardy
Published: August 2023

The current dynamics of the global political economy are depressing: A multidimensional climate crisis is taking on speed; new pandemic waves with unknown lethal consequences are building up; National capitalism – bent to become a new form of fascism – raises its head and the return to military conflict solution makes a 3rd World War possible. But despite these gloomy perspectives it remains true that mankind so far has mastered all difficulties as soon as it became aware of them. Our species in principle has all means – physically and intellectually – to let a new Atlantis rise. And the guidelines how to overcome the above mentioned three crises, are delivering the blueprint of the organizational design of such a new Atlantis. This paper explores this exciting hypothesis. The first goal to reach clearly is to avoid a 3rd World War, which means to defeat the fascist movements in the world. As the 20th century showed, fascism developed out of nationalism, which in turn was nourished by a nationwide controlled class rule, a form of military (and police) governed capitalist exploitation. This currently so successful form of capitalism (China, Russia, USA) is defined as ‘National Capitalism’. It corresponds to what I called disintegrating capitalism in (Hanappi 2019a). Being victorious, to have overcome national capitalism, means to have been able to establish a global democratic government. To get there the progressive opposition to National Capitalism has to develop theory, strategy and practice. As described in (Hanappi 2020) a certain degree of division of progressive labor activities – the emergence of a global class of organic intellectuals[1] – will be needed. Only with global governance the other two crises, the climate crisis and the future global health crises, can be overcome. Since they are already here and help to make the impasse of capitalism, of national capitalism, become very visible to every human individual, we already can find ways of global coordination to prevent them. In doing so, success is possible and can yield into the necessary optimism, an attitude which is necessary for the emotional basis of any progressive, humanistic movement. A man-made Atlantis can rise - not beyond an ocean but here on earth. We just have to unite our intellectual forces and to continue the century-old struggle for emancipatory social evolution[2].[1] In explaining Gramsci’s concept of the organic intellectual Perry Anderson writes: ‘Gramsci argued that intellectuals are absolutely necessary for the proletariat, both in historical periods when it is a class in-itself and in those when it is a class for-itself. Without intellectuals the proletariat could neither come to power, nor consolidate or develop its power after winning it.’ (Anderson 2016, Kindle-Positions 1971-1982).[2] Thomas Morus wrote his ‘Utopia’ in 1516. 
Term Premium Estimation for South Africa
Authors: ERASMUS Ruan , STEENKAMP Daan
Published: August 2023

This paper decomposes South African sovereign yields into expectations of future average short-term rates and a term premium. We estimate that the term premium in South African sovereign bonds is lower than after the onset of the COVID pandemic, but still meaningfully higher than its historical average. We also show that the steepening of South Africa's curve over recent years can be explained by an increase in the term premium.
Strategies for the Future of Enterprises Recovering from the Covid-19 Pandemic Grażyna
Authors: GOLIK-GÓRECKA Grażyna
Published: August 2023

The main aim of the article is to identify and define the scope of contemporary strategies of companies recovering from the pandemic crisis and their further actions in a post-crisis situation. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the digital revolution in the behavior of market players, especially consumers around the world, as previously, the increase in their use of various digital tools was gradual, and due to the crisis, it became abrupt. The strategies of the market situation as well as the strategies of forecasting and dealing with the future have begun to be implemented by many Polish and foreign enterprises. Hence, the objective of the paper is an attempt to identify the initial stage after the pandemic as well as the further scope of the development of companies’ post-covid adaptation strategies. The background for the problem is trends evoked by differences in companies’ actions after the pandemic as well as proposals for strategy building methods. What should be also mentioned are adaptation strategies used by companies during the pandemic i.e., digital winners, risk-takers, late-comers and losers. The research problem is what and how adaptation and post-pandemic strategies are implemented according to their scope (wide-ranging - black swans and gray rhinos) and the dynamics of change (purple cows and green frogs). Therefore, it is worth presenting practically implemented adaptation strategies based on the cases of Polish and foreign companies, their first step forward, i.e., returning to the growth path, albeit under different conditions. The applied research method here is the analysis of case studies.
Nexus Among Innovations, Financial Development and Economic Growth in Developing Countries
Authors: ALI Amjad , AUDI Marc , HAMADEH Hani Fayad
Published: August 2023

Studying the level of economic growth remains a topic of discussion among economists and policymakers. As economic growth further impacts the socioeconomic development of the country. The present study has investigated the impact of innovations and financial development on economic growth in case 58 developing counties from 2000 to 2020. To analyze the stationarity of the variables LLC, ADF-Fisher, IPS, and PP-Fisher unit roots have been used. This study uses a panel autoregressive distribution lag co-integration approach and a vector error-correction model for short-run dynamics of the model. For investigating the causal relationship among the variable’s variance decomposition and impulse response function have been applied. The outcomes of the study show that innovations, availability of physical capital, and trade have a positive and significant impact on economic growth. Financial development has significant but inverse influence on economic growth. It is suggested that for higher economic growth, developing countries improve the threshold level of financial development and use an innovative process of production. Urbanization and inflation hurt economic growth. Thus, developing countries should promote a stable inflation rate with liberalised trade, innovation, and physical capital to enhance economic growth.Copyright© 2022 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the license CC-BY 4.0., which permits any further distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Sensitivity of the Ramsey’s Regression Specification Error Term Test on the Degree of Nonlinearity of the Functional Form
Authors: CHRISTODOULOU-VOLOS Christos , TSERKEZOS Dikaios
Published: August 2023

The present paper aims to demonstrate that the Ramsey’s Regression Specification Error Term Test (RESET) is very sensitive to the degree of nonlinearity between the variables of the under-specification functional form. This widely used test, for testing the functional specification of a model, is based on the notion that if nonlinear combinations of the explanatory variables have any power in explaining the predictor, the model is mis-specified and the data generating mechanism might be approximated by a nonlinear functional form. Using Monte Carlo techniques, we find that the power of the Ramsey’s RESET test is highly influenced and related with the degree of nonlinearity between the dependent and the independent variables of the under-specification functional form.Copyright© 2023 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the license CC-BY 4.0., which permits any further distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Returns to Education in the Public and Private Sectors: Europe and Central Asia
Authors: MONTENEGRO Claudio M. , PATRINOS Harry Anthony
Published: August 2023

The returns to schooling are estimated for 28 European and Central Asian countries using the Mincerian function. Our results show that while the public sector pays on average more than the private sector, the effect of education on earnings is stronger in the private sector. However, the returns to tertiary education are higher in the private sector. Copyright© 2023 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the license CC-BY 4.0., which permits any further distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Impact of Financial Resources on Agricultural Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: GIBOGWE Vincent , NIGO Ayine
Published: August 2023

This study contributes to the literature on financial efficiency and growth. We show that banking development exerts a statistically significant and positive impact on local economic growth. We use the ARDL method to find the impact of institutional financial quality on agriculture sector growth in 14 Sub-Saharan African countries from 1990 to 2020. Our results show that land, rural population, and per capita agricultural income growth have long-run and significant (at 1% level) causal effects on the magnitude of agricultural value added as a percentage of GDP. Copyright© 2023 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the license CC-BY 4.0., which permits any further distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Inflation and Public Debt Reversals in the West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ) Economies
Authors: CHAM Yaya
Published: August 2023

The research focused on the causes of inflation and public debt reversal in the West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ) economies. Several factors influencing public debt reversal and inflation, including weak institutions, high government spending, influence from external shock and lack of proper revenue mobilization. The impact of these factors on the WAMZ economies has also been examined as these countries suffer from high inflationary pressures, increasing borrowing costs and slow economic growth. Policies and other methods implemented by the WAMZ economies to address the challenges have also been evaluated. The last section of the research looks at the challenges these economies face in implementing the policy responses stipulated to address public debt reversals and inflation.
Türkiye’de Dünya Bankası Kredilerine Dayalı Eğitim Projelerinin Hazırlık ve Uygulama Sürecine İlişkin Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: TÜNCEL Mahmut , AKYÜZ Ünal
Published: August 2023

Bu araştırmada; Türkiye’de Dünya Bankası’nın finanse ettiği ve Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) tarafından yürütülen Temel Eğitim Projesi I. Faz (TEP-I), Temel Eğitim Projesi II. Faz (TEP-II) ve Ortaöğretim Projesi’nin (OÖP) hazırlık ve uygulama süreçlerine Banka’nın müdahalesinin kamu yönetimi iç denetim sisteminde kullanılan yasal, mali, sosyal, performans ve itibar açıdan ne tür sorunlara yol açtığı üzerinde durulmuş ve bu sorunların nedenin ne olduğu alt boyutları açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Betimsel tarama modeli kullanılan araştırmada veriler iki şekil de toplanmıştır. İlk aşamada Dünya Bankası (DB) ile ilgili bilgi ve belge içeren her türlü yazılı kaynaklar ile DB tarafından yayınlanan eğitimle ilgili belge, kitap ile internette yer alan bilgiler ve konu ile ilgili araştırmalardan elde edilmiştir. İkinci olarak, görüş bildirmeyi kabul eden 51 katılımcı ile yarı yapılandırılmış sorulardan oluşan görüşme formları kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme yapılarak veriler elde edilmiştir.

Dünya Bankası kredili (TEP-I ve TEP-II) projeler, ilköğretimi yaygınlaştırarak eğitime erişimi ve niteliği arttırma, OÖP projesiyle de ortaöğretim programının yenilenmesi ve geliştirilmesi ile öğretmenlerin hizmetiçi eğitim alması sağlanmıştır. Bununla beraber; ülke yasaları yerine DB’nin mevzuatı esas alınması ve proje hazırlama süreci, uygulama planlarının hazırlanması, proje amaç ve hedeflerinin belirlenmesine kadar her aşamada ülke koşullarını dikkate almayan ABD’de bulunan merkez ofiste çalışan bir ekip lideri ve uzmanlarının yer alması ve anlaşmaya göre proje işlerinin yapılmasının bu kişilerin iznine bağlanması çalışmaları olumsuz olarak etkilemiştir. Bu proje yönetimi nedeniyle ihale onaylarının gecikmesinden dolayı okul inşaat süreleri uzamış, öğretim programları zamanında yenilenmemiş, eğitim materyallerinin satın alınması uzamış ve bunların sonucunda da öğrenci, öğretmenler, eğitim yöneticileri, MEB ve ilgili diğer kamu kuruluşları ile eğitim paydaşları arasında sorunların ortaya çıktığı ileri sürülmüştür.
The Association Between Self-Disclosure Patterns and Loneliness in Fourth Grade Children
Authors: Kim Daewoong , Lee Kangyi
Published: August 2023

Objectives: This study examined the association between self-disclosure patterns and loneliness in fourth grade children. Specifically, we aimed to explore the multidimensionality of self-disclosure and distinguish between social and emotional loneliness.Methods: The study included 514 fourth grade elementary school students residing in Seoul (male: 261). Latent profile analysis was used to distinguish different patterns of self-disclosure. Furthermore, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between each pattern and loneliness.Results: First, children's self-disclosure patterns in fourth grade were classified into three groups. The straightforward group was characterized by high levels of depth, and moderate levels of amount, accuracy, and positiveness. Whereas the sugarcoating group reported the highest levels of positiveness, and moderate levels of amount, accuracy, and depth. However, the passive group was characterized by low levels of amount and depth, moderate levels of accuracy, and slightly high levels of positiveness. Second, the passive group felt lonelier than the other two patterns of children, and the sugarcoating group experience less loneliness than the other two patterns of children. Despite the straightforward group's tendency to openly share their inner selves with others, they experienced a higher level of loneliness than the sugarcoating group.Conclusion: This study highlighted the importance of examining children's self-disclosure patterns to alleviate their loneliness. Furthermore, children's self-disclosure can be classified into different patterns. The findings emphasized the necessity of developing intervention plans tailored to different self-disclosure patterns to effectively address children's feelings of loneliness.
Examining Developmental Trajectories and Predictors of Childhood Prosocial Behavior: Effects of Peer Play Interactions and Self-Control
Authors: Lee Seung-Eun , Kim Yeonjin , Song Ju-Hyun
Published: August 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to classify latent groups based on the developmental trajectories of prosocial behavior in early childhood. In addition, it aimed to verify whether peer play interactions (play interaction, play disruption, and play disconnection) and self-control during preschool years have significant influences on the classification of latent groups.Methods: This study included 1,201 children(617 males, 51.4%; 584 females, 48.6%) drawn from the 7th, and 9th-11th waves of the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC). Latent class growth modeling was used to analyze the data.Results: The patterns of changes in prosocial behavior in early childhood were classified into three groups: high-increasing, moderate-stable, and low-decreasing. Among the predictors, play interaction, play disruption, and self-control significantly affected the classification of the latent groups. Specifically, children who exhibited high levels of play interaction and low levels of play disruption during the preschool years were more likely to belong to the high-increasing group, indicating a more positive prosocial behavior. However, those with low self-control were more likely to belong to the low-decreasing group, showing a relatively negative developmental trajectory of prosocial behavior.Conclusion: This study confirmed heterogeneities in the developmental trajectories of prosocial behavior in early childhood, differentially predicted by preschool-age peer interaction qualities and self-regulation. The findings highlight the importance of taking a comprehensive approach in early childhood education to enhance children's prosocial behavior development utilizing both interpersonal and intrapersonal factors during preschool years.
A Pilot Study to Develop a Teacher Form of the Korean Screening Index for Early Development
Authors: Park Hyewon , Lee KyungOk , Yang Sungeun , Kang Eun Jin , Choi Yoonkyung
Published: August 2023

Objectives: To develop items for an early screening index for teachers to screen infants and young children (aged 1-5 years) at risk of disability in kindergartens and daycare centers, this study examined the reliability, validity, and difficulty of items for the standardization study.Methods: Based on literature review and expert advisory meetings, the first version of items related to daycare centers and kindergarten routines was developed. Items were divided into 9 routines for 7 age groups. The second version of items was selected by expert review, and FGI with 28 teachers was conducted to verify the validity of the first version. Data on 395 children collected from 232 teachers were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 to assess the reliability, validity, and difficulty of items.Results: The internal consistency for the second version comprising 349 items was .997, and that for each developmental area was very high ranging between .97 and .98. The final version of the Korean Screening Index for Early Development (K-SIED) for the standardization comprised 376 items with extra items developed by experts. The number of items ranged between 43~57 items for each age group.Conclusion: To develop an early screening index teacher form, 376 items were created for 7 age groups of 1-5-year-olds. The index can be used as a tool for early screening to guide the family for diagnosis and necessary interventions after the nationwide standardization in 2024. Together with the early screening index parent form, the K-SIED teacher form will facilitate early intervention.
The Effect of Children’s Smartphone Overdependence on Problem Behaviors: The Mediating Effect of Sleep Problems
Authors: Park Bokyung , Yoo Seolheui
Published: August 2023

Objectives: This study explored the relationship between early elementary school children’s smartphone overdependence, sleep problems, and problem behaviors. Specifically, it examined the direct effect of children’s smartphone overdependence on problem behaviors and the indirect effect of their smartphone overdependence on problem behaviors through sleep problems.Methods: About 283 mothers rearing first to third grade elementary school children (135 boys and 148 girls) answered questionnaires on their children’s smartphone overdependence, sleep problems, and problem behaviors. The Model 4 of PROCESS macro version 3.4 was used for data analysis.Results: First, children’s smartphone overdependence had a positive effect on their internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. Children who were highly dependent on smartphones exhibited more internalizing or externalizing problem behaviors. Second, children’s smartphone overdependence had a positive effect on sleep problems, which in turn had a positive effect on internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. Children who were highly dependent on smartphones experienced more sleep problems, which increased their internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors.Conclusion: Sleep problems mediated the relationship between smartphone overdependence and problem behaviors among early elementary school children, who have not received adequate attention from researchers. The results are meaningful because they confirm the underlying mechanism through which children’s smartphone overdependence impacts their problem behaviors. These results can be used to prevent children’s problem behaviors or reduce their sleep problems by parents rearing early elementary school children or experts providing parent education.
การพัฒนาระบบจัดการผ้ากะเหรี่ยง
Authors: ใจหมื่น รัชชานนท์ , พงษ์นุ่มกูล อังศนา
Published: August 2023

การพัฒนาระบบจัดการผ้ากะเหรี่ยง  มีวัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อพัฒนาระบบร้านขายสินค้า OTOP ประเภท เสื้อกะเหรี่ยง กระเป๋า ผ้าทอ กำไล แบบออนไลน์  เพื่อออกแบบเว็บไซต์ที่สามารถจัดการ การทำงานได้ในรูปแบบต่างๆ เช่น การจัดการคลังสินค้า การแก้ไขข้อมูล การเพิ่มข้อมูลและการเรียกดูรายงานการซื้อขายได้ตามช่วงเวลา ช่วยอำนวยความ สะดวกให้แก่ลูกค้าที่เข้ามาชมเว็บไซต์หรือสนใจซื้อสินค้า สามารถซื้อสินค้าในเลือกช่องทางการสั่งซื้อสินค้าผ่านระบบออนไลน์หลากหลายแบบ เช่นทาง facebook ทางเว็บไซต์ได้ โดยใช้โปรแกรม WordPress , WooCommerce และ hostings.ruk-com.in.th ในการพัฒนาระบบร้านค้า ออนไลน์ เพื่อให้ลูกค้าตัดสินใจในการเลือกสินค้าได้ง่ายมากขึ้น 
ผลการศึกษา พบว่า ผลการพัฒนาระบบจัดการผ้าทอกะเหรี่ยง เป็นระบบที่พัฒนาขึ้นเพื่อการเลือกซื้อสินค้าผ่านทางระบบออนไลน์สามารถเลือกซื้อสินค้าผ่านเพจ facebook ออนไลน์หรือเว็บไซต์ของทางร้านhttps://karenwovencloth.com/  โดยไม่ต้องเดินทาง อีกทั้งยังประหยัดเวลาต่อการเลือกซื้อสินค้าและสะดวก ต่อการชำระเงิน สามารถตรวจสอบการสั่งซื้อ และข้อมูลต่างๆ ได้ง่ายผ่านเว็บไซต์ระบบขายสินค้า ผลการประเมินความพึงพอใจต่อการใช้งานเว็บไซต์ ด้านการออกแบบเว็บไซต์และระบบร้านค้าออนไลน์ พบว่ามีความพึงพอใจต่อการใช้งานเว็บไซต์อยู่ในระดับดี
Wie schnell wendet sich das Blatt?
Authors: Dück Elena , Stahl Bernhard
Published: August 2023

Der Angriffskrieg Russlands auf die Ukraine bedeutet, so kündigte es Bundeskanzler Olaf Scholz an, auch eine ‚Zeitenwende‘ in der deutschen Außenpolitik. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob der Schock des russischen Angriffskriegs zu einem tiefgreifenden Wandel des außenpolitischen Diskurses geführt hat und somit von einem nachhaltigen Wandel der deutschen Außenpolitik selbst auszugehen ist. Auf Grundlage der Diskursgebundenen Identitätstheorie argumentieren die Autor*innen, dass ein nachhaltiger Wandel eine stabile Diskursallianz voraussetzt. Um die Frage zu beantworten, ob nun – wie von Kanzler Scholz behauptet – eine neue, beständige Politik etabliert werden kann, die von einem breiten Konsens der politischen Elite getragen wird, rekonstruiert der Beitrag zunächst die Positionen der Regierungs- und Oppositionsparteien bis sechs Monate vor dem Angriff und bettet sie in die historischen außenpolitischen Diskurskonstellationen ein. Anschließend fokussiert er die gegenwärtige Diskursallianz und wagt eine vorsichtige Einschätzung hinsichtlich ihrer Stabilität.
Testosterone Misuse
Authors: Kaabia Zied
Published: August 2023

Testosterone is a key compound of the anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) family. It has largely been misused in human and animal doping targeting a muscle tissue growth and an enhancement of performances. Such practices constitute a violation against ethical values, food safety, and animal welfare. Consequently, the use of such substance is regulated by WADA and International committees for some animal species such as equine and bovine. Although efficient, the detection of testosterone misuse remains challenging in some cases due to its endogenous origin and its inter- and intra-individual level fluctuation in biological fluids. Novel analytical strategies have been developed and are continuously evolving in order to tackle this issue and to provide a better control of testosterone misuse.
Perspective Chapter: Sol-Gel Science and Technology in Context of Nanomaterials – Recent Advances
Authors: Sopan Mahato Satya , Mahata Disha , Panda Sanjibani , Mahata Shrabani
Published: August 2023

Sol-gel method is a novel technology of producing new materials in a convenient and cost-effective way. This method allows a highly ordered and well-connected network structure to be developed and better controlled. It is a simple procedure to produce homogenous multi-component systems. Homogenous mixed oxides can be developed by combining different molecular precursor solutions. The advantages of sol-gel method include its simplicity, affordability, controllability, and ability to mass production of nano-sized particles with large surface areas. Due to this simplicity and versatility, sol-gel technology has higher admiration and industrial application compared to many prevailing methods and is widely being used in various fields. Sol-gel procedure has been comprehensively used as a common and practical way for the development of nano-structured materials for a wide range of applications. This chapter primarily concentrates on the fundamentals of sol-gel science, particularly with respect to the development of nanoparticles, and their numerous applications, with a focus on more recent, sophisticated, and advanced applications.
Technological Adoption in Emerging Economies: Insights from Latin America and the Caribbean with a Focus on Low-Income Consumers
Authors: Dakduk Silvana , Van der Woude David , Alarcon Nieto Camilo
Published: August 2023

This chapter delves into the dynamics of technological adoption in emerging economies, specifically focusing on Latin America and the Caribbean region. Understanding technical adoption patterns and drivers is crucial for researchers and practitioners promoting inclusive development. While previous studies have explored technological adoption in these regions, there is a need for a deeper examination of low-income consumers, who represent a significant segment of the population. Uncovering insights into their behavior and decision-making processes can illuminate the challenges and opportunities for bridging the digital divide. Drawing on a rich body of empirical evidence, this chapter investigates the factors influencing the adoption of technologies, such as mobile phones, internet access, and digital services, among low-income consumers in Latin America and the Caribbean. In addition, it explores the role of affordability, infrastructure, digital literacy, social networks, and cultural factors in shaping adoption patterns. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, businesses, and organizations seeking to enhance technological adoption and digital inclusion in emerging economies, ultimately fostering sustainable economic growth and social development.
Virtual Instrument for Single-Phase Control of Three-Phase Reactive Power Capacitive Compensators
Authors: Băloi Alexandru , Molnar-Matei Florin , Băloi Felicia
Published: August 2023

This chapter proposes the use of LabVIEW in a very common application both in the field of power engineering technical education and in the industrial environment. It is about compensating the reactive power with the aim of increasing the power factor. Capacitive reactive power compensators for this purpose are provided with compensation steps. The connection and disconnection of these steps according to the load curve of the consumer and the power factor at which it operates are done by means of programmable controllers. Most capacitive compensators are designed to be connected balanced to the three-phase network, in delta connection. In the situation when the reactive capacitive compensators are designed for both power factor improvement and load balancing, single-phase connection of capacitor steps is needed. The chapter proposes a LabVIEW virtual instrument that, by means of National Instruments equipment, is designed for operating condition monitoring and single-phase command. The virtual instrument was tested in the laboratory on a model consisting of a RL consumer with step-adjustable inductive component and a step-adjustable capacitive compensator. The National Instruments hardware equipment used, the modeled consumer, and its related capacitive compensator are presented. Special attention, with details of realization, is given to the virtual instrument architecture.
Households' Willingness to Pay for Receiving Preventive and Therapeutic Dental Services: The Double- Bounded Dichotomous Choice Approach
Authors: Sadeghivand Fatemeh , Khodayari-Zarnaq Rahim , Nosratnejad Shirin
Published: August 2023

Background: Understanding the value and willingness to pay (WTP) for services is crucial for decision- making. Objectives: This study aimed to measure the level and factors affecting households’ WTP for dental services using the double- bounded dichotomous choice approach. Methods: This cross- sectional study collected data through a questionnaire- based interview with 300 households in the city of Tabriz, Iran, in 2019. The double- bounded dichotomous choice approach was used to estimate WTP, and factors related to WTP were calculated using an internal regression model, and data were analyzed using Stata 14. Results: The households’ mean WTP for fissure sealant, fluoride therapy, scaling, and removable orthodontics were $8.96, $4.36, $16.00, and $47.38, respectively. Household income, education level, age, regular dental visits, and having elderly people in the family were found to be factors affecting WTP for dental services. Conclusions: The study found that household income was a significant factor affecting WTP for dental services. Not using dental services is often due to low household income and high service prices. Therefore, policymakers should consider setting dental service prices based on income levels to ensure access to services for all income groups.
Control de convertidores trifásicos mediante imposición de dinámica y estimadores
Authors:   , Guzmán Solà Ramon
Published: August 2023

The present thesis is focused on the control of three-phase power converters using sliding-mode control (SMC) in abc frame. This work has been based on previous publications about the SMC applied to three-phase power converters. The main contribution of this Thesis is the deduction of different power converter models in order to be used in a Kalman filter (KF) algorithm. The main contribution is the deduction of a model for each power converter to be used in a Kalman filter. This proposal will allow to achieve a perfect decoupling between controllers in a more efficient way compared with the methods proposed in the state-of-the-art. It must be highlighted that the system behaviour can be modified according to the selected model which modifies the closed-loop dynamics according to some specific requirements, for instance to achieve active damping in voltage source inverters with LCL filter. In addition, the use of this estimator allows to obtain the PCC voltages free of noise and distortion even in the case of a highly distorted grid. The converters presented in this manuscript are a Voltage source inverter with LCL filter, a three-phase unity power factor rectifier and a three-phase active power filter.

Esta tesis doctoral está centrada en el control de convertidores trifásicos utilizando control en modo deslizamiento en el marco de referencia abc. Los puntos de partida de este trabajo de investigación se basan en trabajos previos de control en modo deslizamiento aplicado a convertidores trifásicos, y en las bases teóricas de este tipo de control ampliamente utilizado en la Electrónica de Potencia. La principal aportación de esta tesis es la deducción de un modelo para cada uno de los convertidores tratados y su posterior utilización en un filtro de Kalman. Esta propuesta permitirá obtener un perfecto desacoplo entre controladores, cosa que hasta ahora no se había realizado de forma tan eficiente. Otra de las principales ventajas del método propuesto es la posibilidad de poder modificar el modelo del convertidor de acuerdo con unas determinadas especificaciones dinámicas, por ejemplo para obtener amortiguamiento activo en el caso de convertidores conectados a un filtro LCL. Cabe destacar que el uso de este estimador permite también estimar las tensiones del punto de conexión común, y por tanto obtener tres tensiones libres de ruido y distorsión incluso en el caso de una red altamente distorsionada. Los convertidores tratados en esta tesis son un rectificador trifásico con factor de potencia unitario, un filtro activo trifásico y un inversor trifásico con un filtro LCL.
Wireless power transfer : fueling the dots
Authors:   , Bou Balust Elisenda
Published: August 2023

Resonant Inductive Coupling Wireless Power Transfer (RIC-WPT) has been proven to provide very high power transfer efficiencies (above 80%) for moderate distances, and is hence foreseen as a key technology to enable wireless power transfer to a myriad of different devices and related applications. Due to the multidisciplinary nature of the WPT underlying principles, several approaches have been provided to analyze RIC-WPT systems from different perspectives (encompassing Electromagnetic fields, Circuit models and Optics), but they have failed to provide a unified model to understand and ultimately to design the behaviour of such systems. This thesis is therefore aimed to, first, provide a multi-modal RIC-WPT complete model oriented to the design and in turn optimisation of RIC-WPT systems and, secondly, to explore and characterize the fundamental challenges precluding the widespread deployment of RIC-WPT and thereby accordingly to yield a set of design guidelines to overcome them. Finally, and due to the fact that multi-node RIC-WPT systems are key to the adoption of this technology, this thesis models, characterizes and analyzes Multiple-Input Multiple-Output RIC WPT Systems, making special emphasis on their scalability.

La transferencia inalámbrica de potencia basada en acoplamiento resonante inductivo (RIC-WPT) ha demostrado ser capaz de proporcionar eficiencias muy altas en la transferencia de potencia (hasta 80%) a distancias moderadas, de modo que ésta se anticipa por tanto como una tecnología clave para posibilitar la transferencia inalámbrica de energía a una miríada de diferentes dispositivos y sus aplicaciones asociadas. Debido a la naturaleza multisciplinar de los principios que rigen los sistemas RIC­WPT, se han propuesto varias aproximaciones para analizar los sistemas RIC-WPT desde diferentes perspectivas (bien sean campos electromagnéticos, modelos circuitales, u óptica), pero no se ha conseguido proporcionar un modelo unificado que permita la comprensión y, en última instancia, el diseño del comportamiento y las prestaciones de estos sistemas. Esta tesis tiene por tanto como objeto, primero, proporcionar un modelo completo multi-modo de la tecnología RIC-WPT, orientado al diseño y a su vez la optimización de estos sistemas, y, como segundo foco, el explorar y caracterizar los retos fundamentales que todavía evitan un amplio despliegue de los sistemas RIC-WPT, ofreciendo en consonancia un conjunto de pautas de diseño para sobreponerlos. Finalmente, y debido al hecho de que los sistemas RIC-WPT con múltiples nodos son cruciales para la adopción de esta tecnología, en esta tesis doctoral se modelan, caracterizan y analizan los sistemas RIC-WPT de entrada y salida múltiple, con un especial énfasis en sus tendencias de escalabilidad.
Planificación óptima de redes eléctricas en baja y media tensión y microrredes eléctricas inteligentes mediante algoritmos linealizados de optimización multicriterio
Authors:   , Barrenechea Gruber Roberto Carlos
Published: August 2023

In this work, a new algorithm for the multiobjective optimization of low and medium voltage electrical grids and microgrids is proposed. The originally nonlinear planning model is linearized using the economic current density concept, and the errors from the linearization are corrected by means of comparisons with load flow calculations in an iterative routine.
This linearization adjustment allows for the calculation of the Pareto optimal solutions without having to solve the nonlinear model directly using techniques that may present convergence problems.
The proposed algorithm is developed as a method for the optimal design and tertiary control of low and medium voltage grids and microgrids, allowing the calculation of the optimal power generation and the most efficient grid configuration.

En el presente trabajo se propone un nuevo algoritmo que permite resolver el planteamiento multiobjetivo del problema de optimización de redes de baja y media tensión. Para ello, se utiliza un modelo linealizado basado en el concepto de la “densidad económica de corriente”, en el cual se incluye un técnica iterativa que permite corregir los errores provenientes de la linealización mediante comparaciones contra los valores obtenidos del flujo de carga en cada iteración.
Este ajuste de la linealización permite corregir el error introducido obteniendo en consecuencia soluciones exactas sin necesidad de resolver el modelo no lineal, para el cual las técnicas directas de resolución pueden presentar problemas de convergencia.
El algoritmo propuesto se desarrolla como un método para el diseño y control técnica y económicamente eficiente de las redes de baja y media tensión y microrredes, permitiendo establecer el punto de operación de la generación y la configuración óptima de la red
Contribucions a l'optimització dels sistemes de test i caracterització de drivers electrònics per diodes láser : mètode de modelatge de la resposta òptica en temperatura dels diodes làser i programació en entorn Pspice
Authors:   , Borràs Cristòfol Ramon
Published: August 2023

La recerca duta a terme en aquesta tesi doctoral ha tingut com a principal objectiu millorar els sistemes de test i de caracterització de la resposta òptica dels díodes làser. La recerca s'ha orientat en l'estudi de la dependència de la resposta òptica dels díodes làser amb la temperatura i l'obtenció d'un sistema de caracterització adequat. Com a resultat es proposa un mètode per al modelatge de la resposta de la potència òptica dels diodes làser i l'obtenció dels models programats en un entorn de simulació a l'ordinador. L'entorn de simulació en el que s'ha treballat és Pspice. La proposta del mètode de modelatge inclou : - el model de la potència òptica vers el corrent injectat que permet incloure la dependència amb la temperatura, - l'estudi de com és la dependència en funció de la temperatura dels paràmetres que defineixen el model, - la formulació dels models matemàtics corresponents, - el modelatge i la programació en l'entorn de simulació Pspice, - i finalment la proposta d'un mètode de caracterització de la resposta òptica del díode làser. El mètode de caracterització es proposa de forma que la mesura dels paràmetres que defineixen el model en temperatura no es vegi afectada per l'escalfament degut a la injecció del corrent necessària per al seu funcionament. Aquest ha estat la major dificultat de la recerca, fer que la mesura dels paràmetres que defineixen la resposta en temperatura no es veiés afectada per l'escalfament del diode al funcionar, ja que si així fos invalidaria la seva mesura i el model que se'n deriva. Aquest mètode l'anomenem mètode de mesura en fred. En la proposta del model de la resposta òptica dels díodes làser i de la seva dependència amb la temperatura s'assumeixen una sèrie d'hipòtesis pel que fa al model utilitzat i als seus paràmetres. Les hipòtesis es fan en relació a la validesa del model als diferents rangs de potència dels díodes làser. Aquestes hipòtesis es van confirmant al llarg de la recerca i de les mesures en díodes de diferents potències. Altres contribucions derivades de la recerca són la proposta comentada d'un sistema de caracterització de la resposta òptica dels diodes làser a una certa temperatura independent de l'escalfament del díode, o mesura en fred, i de l'entorn de mesura i supervisió de la temperatura utilitzat. Addicionalment, la proposta d'automatització del sistema per caracteritzar la resposta i obtenir el model en temperatura de la potència òptica del díodes làser.