bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel QoS Aware Shortest Path Algorithm for VSDN
Authors: Sandhu Amandeep Kaur , Malhotra Jyoteesh
Published: January 2018

This article describes how a rapid increase in usage of internet has emerged from last few years. This high usage of internet has occurred due to increase in popularity of multimedia applications. However, there is no guarantee of Quality of Service to the users. To fulfill the desired requirements, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) establish a service level agreement (SLA) with clients including specific parameters like bandwidth, reliability, cost, power consumption, etc. ISPs make maximum SLAs and decrease energy consumption to raise their profit. As a result, users do not get the desired services for which they pay. Virtual Software Defined Networks are flexible and manageable networks which can be used to achieve these goals. This article presents shortest path algorithm which improves the matrices like energy consumption, bandwidth usage, successful allocation of nodes in the network using VSDN approach. The results show a 40% increase in the performance of proposed algorithms with a respect to existing algorithms.
Analyzing Small-Cells and Distributed Antenna Systems from Techno-Economic Perspective
Authors: Bouras Christos , Kokkinos Vasileios , Kollia Anastasia , Papazois Andreas
Published: January 2018

The new generations of mobile networks will require economical and viable solutions in order to meet the promises raised by scientists. In this article, the authors overview the available research activities and present an architecture for DAS and femtocells and a mathematical model analyzing their costs, as they are considered technologies, that offer great advantages for mobile networks. The authors present a wide research in the solutions' parameters and prices. There are thorough experiments including several different types of costs. In particular, Capital (CAPEX), Operational (OPEX) expenditures and Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) are examined for both technologies in terms of the backhauling technologies, of the size of buildings that they are implemented in and the years of investment from a telecommunication company. The main results are that femtocells are a more appealing solution when it comes to small places, while the alternative is more favorable for big infrastructures.
HPV18 Persistence Impairs Basal and DNA Ligand–Mediated IFN-β and IFN-λ1 Production through Transcriptional Repression of Multiple Downstream Effectors of Pattern Recognition Receptor Signaling
Authors: Albertini Silvia , Lo Cigno Irene , Calati Federica , De Andrea Marco , Borgogna Cinzia , Dell’Oste Valentina , Landolfo Santo , Gariglio Marisa
Published: January 2018

Although it is clear that high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) can selectively infect keratinocytes and persist in the host, it still remains to be unequivocally determined whether they can escape antiviral innate immunity by interfering with pattern recognition receptor (PRR) signaling. In this study, we have assessed the innate immune response in monolayer and organotypic raft cultures of NIKS cells harboring multiple copies of episomal HPV18 (NIKSmcHPV18), which fully recapitulates the persistent state of infection. We show for the first time, to our knowledge, that NIKSmcHPV18, as well as HeLa cells (a cervical carcinoma–derived cell line harboring integrated HPV18 DNA), display marked downregulation of several PRRs, as well as other PRR downstream effectors, such as the adaptor protein stimulator of IFN genes and the transcription factors IRF1 and 7. Importantly, we provide evidence that downregulation of stimulator of IFN genes, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, and retinoic acid–inducible gene I mRNA levels occurs at the transcriptional level through a novel epigenetic silencing mechanism, as documented by the accumulation of repressive heterochromatin markers seen at the promoter region of these genes. Furthermore, stimulation of NIKSmcHPV18 cells with salmon sperm DNA or poly(deoxyadenylic-deoxythymidylic) acid, two potent inducers of PRR signaling, only partially restored PRR protein expression. Accordingly, the production of IFN-β and IFN-λ1 was significantly reduced in comparison with the parental NIKS cells, indicating that HPV18 exerts its immunosuppressive activity through downregulation of PRR signaling. Altogether, our findings indicate that high-risk human papillomaviruses have evolved broad-spectrum mechanisms that allow simultaneous depletion of multiple effectors of the innate immunity network, thereby creating an unreactive cellular milieu suitable for viral persistence.
Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric analysis of fluid inclusions from the Windy Craggy Cu-Co-Au volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit: method development and preliminary results
Authors: Schmidt M A , Peter J M , Jackson S
E , Yang Z , Leybourne M I , Layton-Mathews D
Published: January 2018

There is increasing recognition that there is a variable magmatic component to mineralizing fluids in volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit formation. A previous fluid inclusion study conducted on the Windy Craggy Cu-Co-Au deposit in northwestern British
Columbia documented primary inclusion fluids salinities that are higher than typical VMS fluids. The previous study concluded that the high salinity indicates a magmatic contribution to the ore-forming system. This makes Windy Craggy an ideal study location to test if there is in fact a magmatic
influence on the fluids and to quantify that contribution. Preliminary results of this study show fluids consistent in salinity and temperature with those observed in the previous study. Fluids with salinities between 6.2 and 12.2 weight % NaCl equivalent are documented. Laser ablation ICP-MS
analysis of these inclusions detects Na, K, Ca, Cu, Sr, Sn, Sb, Ba and Pb as well as trace elements of potential magmatic origin, including Au, W, Sn, In and Bi. Due to the multiple possible sources of Sn, we will be focusing on other potential magmatic elements such as Au, Bi and In as the study
progresses. The small number of samples analyzed to date precludes us from making definitive conclusions. However, the detection of some potential magmatic elements in 17 inclusions is promising.
Open bite, root resorptions, midline deviation, and bilateral crossbite malocclusion
Authors: Antelo Oscar Mario , Meira Thiago Martins , Giacobbo Laís Cristina , Reyes Pacheco Ariel Adriano , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro
Published: January 2018

There has been a progressive increase in demand for orthodontic treatment for adult patients. A 40-year-old female came to the orthodontic clinic complaining of overcrowding and midline deviation. Clinical examination showed facial asymmetry and midline deviation due to the extraction of the maxillary and mandibular first premolars of the right side. A periapical radiograph showed a severe root resorption in the maxillary central and lateral incisors. The treatment objectives were to correct the midline deviation, close the open bite, correct the bilateral posterior crossbite, and obtain a Class I relationship for the molars and canines on both sides. This case report shows a treatment approach that was effective in correcting all problems of malocclusion that the adult patient presented. The treatment results have established a new functional and stable occlusion with improvement of facial esthetics, and the roots were no shorter than before treatment.
Surreal numbers, derivations and transseries
Authors: Berarducci Alessandro , Mantova Vincenzo
Published: January 2018

Several authors have conjectured that Conway’s field of surreal numbers, equipped with the exponential function of Kruskal and Gonshor, can be described as a field of transseries and admits a compatible differential structure of Hardy type. In this paper we give a complete positive solution to both problems. We also show that with this new differential structure, the surreal numbers are Liouville closed, that is, the derivation is surjective.
Rational invariant tori and band edge spectra for non-selfadjoint operators
Authors: Hitrik Michael , Sjöstrand Johannes
Published: January 2018

We study semiclassical asymptotics for spectra of non-selfadjoint perturbations of selfadjoint analytic

h

-pseudodifferential operators in dimension 2, assuming that the classical flow of the unperturbed part is completely integrable. Complete asymptotic expansions are established for all individual eigenvalues in suitable regions of the complex spectral plane, near the edges of the spectral band, coming from rational flow-invariant Lagrangian tori.
Fractal tube formulas for compact sets and relative fractal drums: oscillations, complex dimensions and fractality
Authors: Lapidus Michel L. , Radunović Goran , Žubrinić Darko
Published: January 2018

We establish pointwise and distributional fractal tube formulas for a large class of relative fractal drums in Euclidean spaces of arbitrary dimensions. A relative fractal drum (or RFD, in short) is an ordered pair

(A,\Omega)

of subsets of the Euclidean space (under some mild assumptions) which generalizes the notion of a (compact) subset and that of a fractal string. By a fractal tube formula for an RFD

(A,\Omega)

, we mean an explicit expression for the volume of the

t

-neighborhood of

A

intersected by

\Omega

as a sum of residues of a suitable meromorphic function (here, a fractal zeta function) over the complex dimensions of the RFD

(A,\Omega)

. The complex dimensions of an RFD are defined as the poles of its meromorphically continued fractal zeta function (namely, the distance or the tube zeta function), which generalizes the well-known geometric zeta function for fractal strings. These fractal tube formulas generalize in a significant way to higher dimensions the corresponding ones previously obtained for fractal strings by the first author and van Frankenhuijsen and later on, by the first author, Pearse and Winter in the case of fractal sprays. They are illustrated by several interesting examples which demonstrate the various phenomena that may occur in the present general situation. These examples include fractal strings, the Sierpinski gasket and the 3-dimensional carpet, fractal nests and geometric chirps, as well as self-similar fractal sprays. We also propose a new definition of fractality according to which a bounded set (or RFD) is considered to be fractal if it possesses at least one nonreal complex dimension or if its fractal zeta function possesses a natural boundary. This definition, which extends to RFDs and arbitrary bounded subsets of

\mathbb{R}^N

the previous one introduced in the context of fractal strings, is illustrated by the Cantor graph (or devil's staircase) RFD, which is shown to be "subcritically fractal".
An A-ϕ Scheme for Type-II Superconductors
Authors: Chen Tao , Kang Tong , Li Jun
Published: January 2018

A fully discrete A-ϕ finite element scheme for a nonlinear model of type-II superconductors is proposed and analyzed. The nonlinearity is due to a field dependent conductivity with the regularized power-law form. The challenge of this model is the error estimate for the nonlinear term under the time derivative. Applying the backward Euler method in time discretisation, the well-posedness of the approximation problem is given based on the theory of monotone operators. The fully discrete system is derived by standard finite element method. The error estimate is suboptimal in time and space.
A Dispersive Numerical Model for the Formation of Undular Bores Generated by Tsunami Wave Fission
Authors: Magdalena I.
Published: January 2018

A two-layer non-hydrostatic numerical model is proposed to simulate the formation of undular bores by tsunami wave fission. These phenomena could not be produced by a hydrostatic model. Here, we derived a modified Shallow Water Equations with involving hydrodynamic pressure using two layer approach. Staggered finite volume method with predictor corrector step is applied to solve the equation numerically. Numerical dispersion relation is derived from our model to confirm the exact linear dispersion relation for dispersive waves. To illustrate the performance of our non-hydrostatic scheme in case of linear wave dispersion and non-linearity, four test cases of free surface flows are provided. The first test case is standing wave in a closed basin, which test the ability of the numerical scheme in simulating dispersive wave motion with the correct frequency. The second test case is the solitary wave propagation as the examination of owing balance between dispersion and nonlinearity. Regular wave propagation over a submerged bar test by Beji is simulated to show that our non-hydrostatic scheme described well the shoaling process as well as the linear dispersion compared with the experimental data. The last test case is the undular bore propagation.
A Model of the Signal Transduction Process under a Delay
Authors: Kongson Jutarat , Amornsamankul Somkid
Published: January 2018

The signal transduction pathway is the important process of communication of the cells. It is the dynamical interaction between the ligand-receptor complexes and an inhibitor protein in second messenger synthesis. The signaling molecules are detected and bounded by receptors, typically G-Protein receptors, across the cell membrane and that in turns alerts intracellular molecules to stimulate a response or a desired consequence in the target cells. In this research, we consider a model of the signal transduction process consisting of a system of three differential equations which involve the dynamic interaction between an inhibitor protein and the ligand-receptor complexes in the second messenger synthesis. We will incorporate a delay τ in the time needed before the signal amplification process can take effect on the production of the ligand-receptor complex. We investigate persistence and stability of the system. It is shown that the system allows positive solutions and the positive equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable under suitable conditions on the system parameters.
Solution of a Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problem Using Signed Singular Values
Authors: Ooi Kouhei , Mizuno Yoshinori , Sogabe Tomohiro , Yamamoto Yusaku , Zhang Shao-Liang
Published: January 2018

We propose a robust numerical algorithm for solving the nonlinear eigenvalue problem A(ƛ)x = 0. Our algorithm is based on the idea of finding the value of ƛ for which A(ƛ) is singular by computing the smallest eigenvalue or singular value of A(ƛ) viewed as a constant matrix. To further enhance computational efficiency, we introduce and use the concept of signed singular value. Our method is applicable when A(ƛ) is large and nonsymmetric and has strong nonlinearity. Numerical experiments on a nonlinear eigenvalue problem arising in the computation of scaling exponent in turbulent flow show robustness and effectiveness of our method.
Ice cloud microphysical trends observed by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder
Authors: Kahn Brian H. , Takahashi Hanii , Stephens Graeme L. , Yue Qing , Delanoë Julien , Manipon Gerald , Manning Evan M. , Heymsfield Andrew J.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. We use the AIRS version 6 ice cloud property and thermodynamic phase retrievals to quantify variability and 14-year trends in ice cloud frequency, ice cloud top temperature (Tci), ice optical thickness (τi) and ice effective radius (rei). The trends in ice cloud properties are shown to be independent of trends in information content and χ2. Statistically significant decreases in ice frequency, τi, and ice water path (IWP) are found in the SH and NH extratropics, but trends are much smaller and statistically insignificant in the tropics. However, statistically significant increases in rei are found in all three latitude bands. Perturbation experiments consistent with estimates of AIRS radiometric stability fall significantly short of explaining the observed trends in ice properties, averaging kernels, and χ2 trends. Values of rei are larger at the tops of opaque clouds and exhibit strong dependence on surface wind speed, column water vapour (CWV) and surface temperature (Tsfc) with changes up to 10–12 μm. Transparent clouds exhibit a much smaller change in rei for CWV, while none is observed for Tsfc. Comparisons between DARDAR and AIRS suggest that rei is smallest for single-layer cirrus, larger for cirrus above weak convection, and largest for cirrus above strong convection at the same cloud top temperature. This behaviour is consistent with enhanced particle growth from radiative cooling above convection or large particle lofting from strong convection.
Characterization of organic nitrogen in aerosols at a forest site in the southern Appalachian Mountains
Authors: Chen Xi , Xie Mingjie , Hays Michael D. , Edgerton Eric , Schwede Donna , Walker John T.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. This study investigates the composition of organic particulate matter in a remote montane forest in the southeastern U.S., focusing on the role of organic nitrogen (N) in sulfur-containing secondary organic aerosol (nitrooxy-organosulfates) and aerosols associated with biomass burning (nitro-aromatics). Bulk water soluble organic N (WSON) represented ~ 14 % w/w of water soluble total N (WSTN) in PM2.5, on average, across seasonal measurement campaigns conducted in the spring, summer, and fall of 2015. Largest contributions of WSON to WSTN were observed in spring (~ 18 % w/w) and lowest in the fall (~ 10 % w/w). On average, identified nitro-aromatic and nitrooxy-organosulfate compounds accounted for a small fraction of WSON, ranging from ~ 1 % in spring to ~ 4 % in fall, though were observed to contribute as much as 28 % w/w of WSON in individual samples. Highest concentrations of oxidized organic N species occurred during summer (average of 0.65 ngN/m3) along with a greater relative abundance of higher generation oxygenated terpenoic acids, indicating an association with more aged aerosol. Highest concentrations of nitro-aromatics (e.g. nitrocatechol and methyl-nitrocatechol), levoglucosan, and aged SOA tracers were observed during fall, associated with aged biomass burning plumes. Nighttime nitrate radical chemistry is the most likely formation pathway for nitrooxy-organosulfates observed at this low NOx site (generally
High-range resolution spectral analysis of precipitation through range imaging of the Chung-Li VHF radar
Authors: Tsai Shih-Chiao , Chen Jenn-Shyong , Chu Yen-Hsyang , Su Ching-Lun , Chen Jui-Hsiang
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Multi-frequency range imaging (RIM) has been operated in the Chung-Li
very high-frequency (VHF) radar, located on the campus of National Central
University, Taiwan, since 2008. RIM processes the echo signals with a group
of closely spaced transmitting frequencies through appropriate inversion
methods to obtain high-resolution distribution of echo power in the range
direction. This is beneficial to the investigation of the small-scale
structure embedded in dynamic atmosphere. Five transmitting frequencies were
employed in the radar experiment for observation of the precipitating
atmosphere during the period between 21 and 23 August 2013. Using the Capon
and Fourier methods, the radar echoes were synthesized to retrieve the
temporal signals at a smaller range step than the original range resolution
defined by the pulse width, and such retrieved temporal signals were then
processed in the Doppler frequency domain to identify the atmosphere and
precipitation echoes. An analysis called conditional averaging was further
executed for echo power, Doppler velocity, and spectral width to verify the
potential capabilities of the retrieval processing in resolving small-scale
precipitation and atmosphere structures. Point-by-point correction of range
delay combined with compensation of range-weighting function effect has been
performed during the retrieval of temporal signals to improve the continuity
of power spectra at gate boundaries, making the small-scale structures in the
power spectra more natural and reasonable. We examined stratiform and
convective precipitation and demonstrated their different structured
characteristics by means of the Capon-processed results. The new element in
this study is the implementation of RIM on spectral analysis, especially for
precipitation echoes.
Multi-source data assimilation for physically-based hydrological modeling of an experimental hillslope
Authors: Botto Anna , Belluco Enrica , Camporese Matteo
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Data assimilation has been recently the focus of much attention for integrated surface-subsurface hydrological models, whereby joint assimilation of water table, soil moisture, and river discharge measurements with the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) have been extensively applied. Although the EnKF has been specifically developed to deal with nonlinear models, integrated hydrological models based on the Richards equation still represent a challenge, due to strong nonlinearities that may significantly affect the filter performance. Thus, more studies are needed to investigate the capabilities of the EnKF to correct the system state and identify parameters in cases where the unsaturated zone dynamics are dominant, as well as to quantify possible tradeoffs associated with assimilation of multi-source data. Here, the model CATHY (CATchment HYdrology) is applied to reproduce the hydrological dynamics observed in an experimental two-layered hillslope, equipped with tensiometers, water content reflectometer probes, and tipping bucket flow gages to monitor the hillslope response to a series of artificial rainfall events. Pressure head, soil moisture, and subsurface outflow are assimilated with the EnKF in a number of scenarios and the challenges and issues arising from the assimilation of multi-source data in this real-world test case are discussed. Our results demonstrate that the EnKF is able to effectively correct states and parameters even in a real application characterized by strong nonlinearities. However, multi-source data assimilation may lead to significant trade-offs: the assimilation of additional variables can lead to degradation of model predictions for other variables that were otherwise well reproduced. Furthermore, we show that integrated observations such as outflow discharge cannot compensate for the lack of well-distributed data in heterogeneous hillslopes.
Snow farming: conserving snow over the summer season
Authors: Grünewald Thomas , Wolfsperger Fabian , Lehning Michael
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Summer storage of snow for tourism has seen an increasing interest in the last years. Covering large snow piles with materials such as sawdust enables more than two-thirds of the initial snow volume to be conserved. We present detailed mass balance measurements of two sawdust-covered snow piles obtained by terrestrial laser scanning during summer 2015. Results indicate that 74 and 63 % of the snow volume remained over the summer for piles in Davos, Switzerland and Martell, Italy. If snow mass is considered instead of volume, the values increase to 83 and 72 %. The difference is attributed to settling and densification of the snow. Additionally, we adapted the one-dimensional, physically based snow cover model SNOWPACK to perform simulations of the sawdust-covered snow piles. Model results and measurements agreed extremely well at the point scale. Moreover, we analysed the contribution of the different terms of the surface energy balance to snow ablation for a pile covered with a 40 cm thick sawdust layer and a pile without insulation. Short-wave radiation was the dominant source of energy for both scenarios, but the moist sawdust caused strong cooling by long-wave emission and negative sensible and latent heat fluxes. This cooling effect reduces the energy available for melt by up to a factor of 12. As a result only 9 % of the net short-wave energy remained available for melt. Finally, sensitivity studies of the parameters thickness of the sawdust layer, air temperature, precipitation and wind speed were performed. We show that sawdust thickness has a tremendous effect on snow loss. Higher air temperatures and wind speeds increase snow ablation but less significantly. No significant effect of additional precipitation could be found as the sawdust remained wet during the entire summer with the measured quantity of rain. Setting precipitation amounts to zero, however, strongly increased melt. Overall, the 40 cm sawdust provides sufficient protection for mid-elevation (approx. 1500 m a.s.l.) Alpine climates and can be managed with reasonable effort.
La confidencialidad ante el abuso sexual a adolescentes
Authors: Canimas Brugué Joan
Published: January 2018

Según el autor, pueden alegarse alguna o algunas de estas seis razones para justificar la ruptura del secreto profesional: 1) para evitar o reducir un daño a la propia persona o personas; 2) para producir un beneficio a la propia persona o personas; 3) para evitar o reducir un daño al profesional o a terceras personas; 4) para producir un beneficio al profesional o a terceras personas; 5) por imperativo legal; y (6) para castigar o vengarse de la persona o personas que han cometido un delito o para señalar su gravedad a la sociedad.Este artículo somete al análisis de cuatro de estas motivaciones (la 1, 3, 5 y 6) la cuestión de si deben o no comunicarse siempre y sin excepciones al Ministerio Fiscal las situaciones de abusos sexuales a adolescentes conocidas por los profesionales. Las conclusiones a las que llega son: i) la comunicación al Ministerio Fiscal por parte de los profesionales de los servicios psico-socio-educativos y sanitarios de una situación de abusos sexuales a un adolescente atendiendo a la primera y tercera razones, está éticamente justificada siempre que se cumplan unos requisitos; y ii) si la comunicación al Ministerio Fiscal se fundamenta únicamente en la quinta y sexta razón, no está éticamente justificada y deviene una mala praxis profesional. Esto supone que, en algunas situaciones excepcionales, la buena praxis obligue a no poner en conocimiento del Ministerio Fiscal situaciones de abusos sexuales ya acaecidas.
Retos de la acogida residencial a menores que migran solos: hacia un Trabajo Social transnacional
Authors: Gimeno Monterde Chabier
Published: January 2018

Desde inicios del siglo, los menores de edad que migran autónoma e irregularmente hacia Europa han sido acogidos en los recursos residenciales de los servicios de protección de la infancia. Desbordando en algunos momentos las plazas de acogida existentes. Por lo que la regulación de esta migración se ha podido transformar, implícitamente, en una nueva función del Trabajo Social. La investigación sobre las prácticas de acogida en varios Estados europeos y en una Comunidad Autónoma española aporta un análisis de las tensiones entre el control migratorio y la protección de los menores migrantes. Así como sobre las posibilidades de intervención social desde un nuevo marco transnacional. A través de las entrevistas a técnicos y menores, el tratamiento estadístico de expedientes de tutela y la observación en centros formativos y de acogida, se señalan las prácticas de filtrado en la asignación de recursos residenciales a los menores que migran solos, como una estrategia ajena a las soluciones duraderas y al interés superior de los menores. Desde esta experiencia investigadora internacional, concluimos que las fases del ciclo migratorio de menores no acompañados a Europa han devenido un fenómeno estable, en el que las Administraciones locales responsables de la protección y las redes transnacionales de los menores y sus familias se han adaptado mutuamente. Por lo que las experiencias sureuropeas de Trabajo Social con los países de origen y de diversificación de modelos de acogida en destino pueden ser transferidas a otros Estados europeos, que comienzan a recibir este flujo migratorio actualmente
The Use of Qualitative Case Studies as an Experiential Teaching Method in the Training of Pre-service Teachers
Authors: Arseven Ilhami
Published: January 2018

This study presents the suitability of case studies, which is a qualitative research method and can be used as a teaching method in the training of pre-service teachers, for experiential learning theory. The basic view of experiential learning theory on learning and the qualitative case study paradigm are consistent with each other within the framework of such principles as subjectivity, environmental interaction, holism, contextuality, constructivism, and access to information (theorizing). The concrete experience mode of the experiential learning cycle corresponds to the data collection stage of qualitative case studies, the reflective observation mode corresponds to the data analysis stage, and the abstract conceptualization mode corresponds to the theorizing stage. Accordingly, this study notes that qualitative case studies can be used as a teaching method in the school experience course for the pre-service training of pre-service teachers. It also explains in detail the steps to be taken when this new method is used in the teaching process, the preparations that should be done prior to the employment of the method, and what should be considered in the application of the method.
Spatial and temporal analysis of the LST-NDVI relationship for the study of land cover changes and their contribution to urban planning in Monte Hermoso, Argentina
Authors: Ferrelli Federico , Huamantinco Cisneros María Andrea , Delgado Ana Laura , Piccolo María Cintia
Published: January 2018

The aim of this work was to study the spatial distribution of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and its relationship with diverse urban land covers and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The study area was Monte Hermoso city, which is located in the southwest of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. To obtain the LST and NDVI parameters, satellite images from LANDSAT 5 TM and LANDSAT 7 ETM+ sensors were seasonally processed for the period 2008-2012. Visual interpretation techniques and empirical intervention were applied to design an urban land cover map on which LST and NDVI were analyzed by tracing four transects oriented in latitudinal and longitudinal directions. Each urban cover presented a particular behavior of these parameters. Furthermore, significant results for the relationship between LST and NDVI were observed (with α 0.1 and 0.05) with R2, Pearson, and Spearman indices values higher than 0.7. Finally, LST variation in diverse land covers was observed as a consequence of urban growth and the alteration of the vegetation coverage. Therefore, it was concluded that the spatial and temporal variation of LST values may indicate modifications in urban land covers. The information obtained in this study would be a useful tool to guide future urban management studies and policies.
Bagaeen, Samer y Clark, Celia (eds.) (2016). Sustainable Regeneration of Former Military Sites
Authors: Camerin Federico
Published: January 2018

Bagaeen, Samer y Clark, Celia (eds.) (2016)Sustainable Regeneration of Former Military SitesLondres y Nueva York: Routledge Research in Planning and Urban Design, 226 p. ISBN 978-11-380-1652-1
La dimensió territorial de la innovació social: una mostra de pràctiques de lideratge col·lectiu a Nou Barris Nord i Sants
Authors: Eizaguirre Santiago , Parés Marc
Published: January 2018

Aquest article compara quatre iniciatives socialment innovadores als territoris de Sants i Nou Barris Nord (Barcelona). La principal tesi que es desenvolupa és que els estudis d’innovació social, a part d’atendre la dimensió territorial d’aquestes iniciatives, haurien de considerar també les dinàmiques de lideratge col·lectiu que s’hi desenvolupen. En aquest sentit, s’identifiquen tres pràctiques de lideratge que resulten especialment rellevants per entendre els impactes de la innovació social en termes d’eficàcia i escalabilitat: la reformulació del discurs, la construcció de ponts entre diferents grups i actors socials i l’alliberament d’energies humanes. Concloem que el context històrico-geogràfic té un paper fonamental a l’hora d’entendre tant el sorgiment com l’impacte d’aquestes iniciatives. Tanmateix, l’agència resulta igualment important, especialment quan les condicions contextuals són adverses. La dialèctica entre el context i l’agència, així com la construcció de capacitats comunitàries als barris, apareixen com a factors clau per al foment d’una innovació social realment transformadora.
Nel·lo, Oriol i Mele, Renata (eds.) (2016). Cities in the 21st Century
Authors: Casellas Antònia
Published: January 2018

Nel·lo, Oriol i Mele, Renata (eds.) (2016)Cities in the 21st Century Londres i Nova York: Routledge, 309 p. ISBN 978-1-138-11963-2
Anonymization, tokenization, encryption. How to recover unrecoverable data
Authors: Dzięgielewska Olga
Published: January 2018

The data privacy is currently vastly commented topic among all the organizations which process personal data due to the introduction of the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation. Existing methods of
data protection are believed to be sufficient as they meet the risk-based approach requirements in every mature organization, yet the number of publicly known data breaches confirms that this assumption is false.
The aftermath of such incidents in countless cases prove that the risk-based approach failed as the reputational and financial consequences by far exceed the original estimations. This paper stressed the importance of
the data layer protection from the planning, through design, until maintenance stages in the database lifecycle, as numerous attack vectors originating from the insider threat and targeting the data layer still sneak through unnoticed during the risk analysis phase.
Discovering grammar of an unknown text as an optimisation problem
Authors: Ryszawa Paweł
Published: January 2018

This paper concerns the problem of discovering an unknown grammar from a text sample. The discovering methods are formulated as optimisation problems based on a binary representation of context-sensitive grammars. The representation starts with a longest possible vector of bits to, finally, make it more compact so as to be usable in practical applications. For the sake of simplicity, considered are only noncontracting (length preserving) grammars of order 2, excluding productions of the form P:A→B and those deriving the empty string, i.e P:A→ε.
Orbital leiomyosarcoma metastasis presenting prior to diagnosis of the primary tumor
Authors: Rasool Nailyn , Lefebvre Daniel R. , Latina Mark A. , Dunn Ian F. , Santagata Sandro , Freitag Suzanne K. , Cestari Dean M.
Published: January 2018

Leiomyosarcomas, neoplasms of smooth muscle, are rarely found within the orbit. Orbital leiomyosarcoma may be primary, metastatic, or secondary to radiation. When they are metastatic, patients almost exclusively have a history of a primary leiomyosarcoma, often occurring in the spermatic cord, skin, gastrointestinal tract, or the uterus. We present the case of 48-year-old woman who presented with a metastatic orbital leiomyosarcoma, which was identified before the primary tumor.
Treatment of Takayasu arteritis–related photic and postprandial amaurosis
Authors: Wong Sze H. , Turbin Roger E. , Frohman Larry P.
Published: January 2018

We report the case of a 66-year-old man with Takayasu arteritis who developed photic and postprandial amaurosis occurring at a corticosteroid dose <40 mg per day, despite concurrent methotrexate. The amaurosis resolved with correction of anemia by packed red blood cell transfusion. Marginal retinal perfusion in Takayasu arteritis may precipitate symptomatic hypoxia as a result of eating a meal or exposing the eye to bright lights. Correction of anemia improves oxygen delivery to the hypoxic retina and relieves recurrent amaurosis.
Sala polivalente del Liceo Francés de Valencia
Authors: - Orts - Trullenque arquitectos
Published: January 2018

In a built environment with a strong formal character (the charismatic “tambours” of the Lycée Français of Valence) the project takes on the cylindrical shape from the current buildings in order to fall within in place, politely, as a tree in the woods. After solving some sensitive project situations, as the access of service vehicles, using the plot topography, the proposal converts the site insertion strategy into an architectural strategy. This approach results in great working, energetically and economically, for the new building. The rest consists of planting trees, lots of them. The new multi-purpose room will be a remarkable space for the future LFV. It will be his picture towards the exterior, but it also will remain in the memory of people who lived special moments in it.

En un entorno construido con un fuerte carácter formal (los carismáticos “tambours” del Liceo Francés de Valencia y sus fluidos y divertidos espacios intersticiales), el proyecto asume la forma cilíndrica de sus edificios vecinos para insertarse, con educación, en el sitio, en un juego de iguales y diferentes, como lo haría un árbol en un bosque. A partir de esta decisión y después de dejar resueltos, gracias a la topografía de la parcela, algunos aspectos delicados del proyecto relativos a los accesos rodados de servicio, la propuesta amplía esta estrategia de inserción hasta convertirla en una estrategia arquitectónica en sí misma que se traduce en excelentes resultados energéticos y presupuestarios gracias al factor de forma del nuevo edificio.El resto consiste en poner árboles, muchos árboles. Espacio y carácter: la nueva Sala polivalente será un espacio singular del futuro LFV, será su escaparate hacia el exterior, pero también será ese espacio que permanecerá en la memoria de todos sus usuarios por lo especial de los momentos que hayan vivido en él.
Interactive Classrooms with Jupyter and Python
Authors: Koehler Jacob Frias , Kim Soomi
Published: January 2018

Jupyter notebooks are a great way to incorporate basic mathematical hacking skills in the classroom. Teachers with no background in computing can easily start using the notebooks. Students are able to see how technology can help them solve and communicate solutions to a wide variety of problems.
Differences in Attainment and Performance in a Foreign Language: The Role of Working Memory Capacity
Authors: Gilabert Roger , Muñoz Carmen
Published: January 2018

The goal of this study is to investigate the role of working memory capacity in L2 attainment and performance. The study uses an L1 reading span task to measure working memory of a group of 59 high- intermediate/advanced learners of English, and a film retelling task to measure their oral production. The analysis first showed a moderate to high correlation between proficiency measured by a general proficiency test and learners’ fluency, lexical complexity, and accuracy but not structural complexity on the retelling task. Secondly, no correlation was found between overall proficiency and working memory. Thirdly, a weak correlation was found between fluency and lexical complexity, and working memory. When the group was split into top and bottom levels of proficiency, moderate correlations were found between lexical complexity and working memory only for the high-proficiency group. The results are discussed in the light of previous research.
Corrective Feedback in L2 Writing: Theoretical Perspectives, Empirical Insights, and Future Directions
Authors: Van Beuningen Catherine
Published: January 2018

The role of (written) corrective feedback (CF) in the process of acquiring a second language (L2) has been an issue of considerable controversy among theorists and researchers alike. Although CF is a widely applied pedagogical tool and its use finds support in SLA theory, practical and theoretical objections to its usefulness have been raised (e.g. Truscott, 1996; 1999; 2004; 2007; 2009). In the present paper, I start by summarizing the theoretical arguments underpinning the use of CF in L2 classrooms. Subsequently, the objections raised against error correction are reviewed, and some controversies concerning different CF methodologies and error types are discussed. Next, the paper provides a critical summary of the findings produced by empirical work to date, and sketches out some of the issues that need to be attended to in future research. Based on the available empirical evidence, I conclude that, by offering learners opportunities to notice the gaps in their developing L2 systems, test interlanguage hypotheses, and engage in metalinguistic reflection, written CF has the ability to foster SLA and to lead to accuracy development.
Chinese EFL Learners’ Decision-making While Evaluating Peers’ Texts
Authors: Ma Jingjing
Published: January 2018

Approaching peer review from a process and contextualized perspective, this exploratory case study investigates two Chinese EFL learners’ decision-making patterns while evaluating peers’ texts in an online peer review and factors influencing these patterns. Detailed qualitative case study data were collected through think-aloud protocols, stimulated recall, semi-structured interviews, classroom observation and document analysis. Analyses indicate that the two learners with higher level of English writing proficiency to a certain extent illustrated contrasting patterns of decision-making, and yet both prioritized specific aspects of peers’ texts. Student-related factors such as perceptions of good English expository writing shaped by previous learning and assessment experiences of English (or Chinese) writing, type of writing task and weaknesses of student text interacted with one another to influence the participants’ decision-making patterns. Pedagogical implications for the findings are discussed.
Selecting Television Programs for Language Learning: Investigating Television Programs from the Same Genre
Authors: Webb Stuart
Published: January 2018

The scripts of 288 television episodes were analysed to determine the extent to which vocabulary reoccurs in television programs from the same subgenres and unrelated television programs from different genres. Episodes from two programs from each of the following three subgenres of the American drama genre: medical, spy/action, and criminal forensic investigation were compared with different sets of random episodes. The results showed that although there were an equivalent number of running words in each set of episodes, the episodes from programs within the same subgenre contained fewer word families than random programs. The findings also showed that low frequency word families (4000-14,000 levels) reoccur more often in programs within the same subgenre. Together the results indicate that watching programs within the same subgenre may be an effective approach to language learning with television because it reduces the lexical demands of viewing and increases the potential for vocabulary learning.
Genre as Implicit Methodology in a Collaborative Writing Initiative
Authors: Lazar Gillian , Ellis Eddie
Published: January 2018

It is often assumed that the academic genres taught by EAP specialists at universities are fixed and stable, provide easily accessible exemplars for student writers and feature in programmes running prior or parallel to the students‟ courses. This paper describes a collaborative writing initiative in which these assumptions were challenged. A writing specialist collaborated with a team of academics on a Post-graduate Certificate of Education (PGCE) in order to improve students‟ writing of a Masters-level assignment. While the writing specialist was implicitly committed to a genre-based teaching methodology, this was necessarily framed in terms of the aims of the PGCE academics, who were particularly concerned about improving student understanding of both assignment guidelines and assessment criteria. An impact study detailing positive outcomes for this collaboration, suggests that a genre-aware pedagogy can still inform a programme for writing within the disciplines even when the focus on genre is implicit.
Spanish pre-university students' use of English: CEA results from the University Entrance Examination
Authors: Díez Bedmar María Belén
Published: January 2018

In this paper an updated overview of the main errors that Spanish students make when writing the English exam in the University Entrance Examination is provided. To do so, a Computer-aided Error Analysis (CEA) (Dagneaux, Denness & Granger, 1998) was conducted on a representative sample of the students who took the exam in June 2008 in Jaén, and wrote a composition on the same topic. The use of the most widely-used error taxonomy, the Error Tagging Manual version 1.1. (Dagneaux, Denness, Granger & Meunier, 1996), and the analysis of the results by means of descriptive statistics foster the possibility to replicate this study and move forward in the description of the students’ written command in the foreign language at this stage. The comparison of the findings obtained in this study and those from previous (C)EAs on the English exam reveals that some common tendencies may be shown.
«-Ing» supplementive clauses and narrative discourse referents
Authors: Martínez María Ángeles
Published: January 2018

This study explores the connections between -ing supplementive clauses and narrative discourse foregrounding. Subordinate and, very particularly, non-finite clauses are prototypically associated to narrative background. Using a corpus of extracts from contemporary novels in English, this study, however, shows that this type of subordination displays a predominance of grammatically highlighting features, namely assertive modality, active transitivity processes, and the foregrounded focalizer as most frequent implicit subject. This fact may prove of relevance to both linguistics and literature, as it not only provides a discourse-based cognitive explanation for the apparent incorrecteness of non-co-referential implicit subjects, as in “Leaving the forest, the scent of the trees surrounded them” (Biber et al., 2010: 829), but also suggests that -ing supplementives might intervene in narrative foregrounding, syntactically realizing some of the highlighting devices mentioned in cognitive approaches to the study of language at large (Brisard, 2002; Cristofaro, 2005; Kita, 2008; Talmy, 2000a; Talmy, 2000b), and literary discourse in particular (Tsur, 2009).
Performance stylistics: Deleuze and Guattari, poetry and (corpus) linguistics
Authors: O’Halloran Kieran
Published: January 2018

Taking as stimulus some key ideas of the French philosopher, Gilles Deleuze, and his collaborator the psychoanalyst, Félix Guattari, I demonstrate an alternative interpretative engagement with poetry. In this approach, a poem is seen as an invitation to the reader to be creative via a web-based, interpretative journey which is individual, edifying and refreshing. This approach allows a poem’s obliqueness and suggestiveness to trigger, randomly, knowledge and resources on the world-wide-web that are new for the reader; in turn, these can be used as fresh perspectives on the poem in order to perform it in individual ways, to ‘fill in’ creatively personas and scenarios in the poem. This web-based engagement with a poem involves stylistic analysis.

The web-based element of performance stylistics is centrifugal, taking the reader outside of the poem, travelling from website to website. This centrifugal movement is balanced by a centripetal one which takes the reader into the patterns of the poem. Stylistic analysis meets this centripetal need effectively. Traditionally, stylistic analysis has been used to provide linguistic evidence for interpretation of a literary work. However, influenced by ideas in the work of Deleuze and Guattari, I also use stylistic analysis in a non-traditional way - to mobilise interpretation of a poem. In this article, the poem I use to demonstrate performance stylistics is Robert Frost’s, ‘Putting in the Seed’. Performance stylistics can draw on corpus analysis too.