bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desafios nos modos de pensar e fazer gestão na atenção domiciliar em Minas Gerais/ Challenges in ways of thinking and doing home care management in Minas Gerais
Authors: Silva Alexandre Ernesto , De Sena Roseni Rosângela , Braga Patrícia Pinto , Paiva Patrícia Alves , Dias Orlene Veloso
Published: June 2017

Este estudo objetivou analisar as potencialidades e os desafios da atenção domiciliar a partir da perspectiva de gestores e coordenadores destes serviços no Sistema Único de Saúde, em municípios do estado de Minas Gerais. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa ancorado no referencial teórico-metodológico da dialética. As entrevistas foram realizadas com cinco gestores e dezessete coordenadores de dezesseis municípios, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Após transcrição, o conteúdo do material foi analisado seguindo orientações de Bardin (2011). A análise dos dados proporcionou a identificação de duas categorias temáticas que expõem dois aspectos no que se relacionam às potencialidades e desafios da atenção domiciliar: (1) O reducionismo da gestão da atenção domiciliar à oferta de insumos materiais: desafios do pensar e divergências no fazer. (2) A atenção domiciliar e sua (des) conexão com a rede de atenção à saúde. Os resultados do estudo demonstram que os gestores de saúde dos municípios estudados ainda têm superficial conhecimento sobre as potencialidades da atenção domiciliar, embora demonstrarem conhecimento quanto às políticas implementadas pelo Governo Federal.
The Effect of Surface Treatment on 0.16% Chromium and 1.32% Nickel Alloyed Ductile Iron (Di) through Boronizing Process
Authors: Muhammad Yusof Khalissah , Abdullah Bulan , Samion Muhammad Haziq , Idham Mohd Faizul , Saad Nor Hayati
Published: June 2017

This paper aim to investigate the effect on microstructure, hardness and wear (slurry erosion) of alloyed ductile iron (DI) with addition of 0.16% Chromium and 1.32% Nickel before and after boronizing process. The specimens were prepared by melting the Ductile Iron compositions through CO2 sand casting method. Specimens were fully coated with boronizing paste and heated at 850°C and 900°C for 8 hours holding time. Microstructures of the specimens were observed under Olympus BX 41M Optical Microscope. Vickers Micro Hardness Tester was used to determine the hardness of the specimens while Wear Test (Slurry Erosion) to measure the wear volume of each specimen. After boronizing process, the boron element diffused into the specimens which make the surface harden. The thickest boride layer was detected at sample with temperature 900°C. The samples of 900°C give higher hardness than temperature 850°C which is 2909 HV and 1395 HV respectively. Referring to surface roughness test, samples boronized at 900oC had high wear resistance compared to sample boronized at 850oC and as cast. The selection temperature in boronizing treatment can prevent the rate of wear thus can identify the hardness of surface in order to prolong the equipment and application or even structure.
Study on Temperature Distribution to Enhance the Mould Cooling Method Used in Vacuum Forming Applications
Authors: Hussain B. Iftekhar , Safiulla Mir , Brahmaiah M.
Published: June 2017

Vacuum forming is one of the simplest means of manufacturing thin plastic parts wherein a heated plastic sheet is sent through the mould by creating a vacuum between part and mould to get the desired shape. The mould used in vacuum forming process gets heated upon continuous production which has to be cooled continuously to produce parts without affecting quality. In this paper, the currently available techniques to cool the mould viz. Chill plate attachment method, straight drilled cooling channels are studied. Finite Element Analysis is carried out on various methods of mould cooling. Temperature distribution is the criteria considered to evaluate the results of each case. The results have demonstrated that the straight drilled cooling channels are better in comparison with the chill plate attachment method of mould cooling. The concept of conformal cooling channels designed based on part shape has also been introduced and studied to reduce the cooling time of the mould which is found to have a fair temperature distribution amongst the three mould cooling methods.
Effect of Soaking Time on Paste Carburizing of Carburized Low Carbon Steel
Authors: Jumadin Muhammad Hafizuddin , Abdullah Bulan , Ismail Muhammad Hussain , Alias Siti Khadijah , Ahmad Samsiah
Published: June 2017

Increase of soaking time contributed to the effectiveness of case depth formation, hardness properties and carbon content of carburized steel. This paper investigates the effect of different soaking time (7-9 hours) using powder and paste compound to the carburized steel. Low carbon steels were carburized using powder and paste compound for 7, 8 and 9 hours at temperature 1000°C. The transformation of microstructure and formation carbon rich layer was observed under microscope. The microhardness profiles were analyzed to investigate the length of case depth produced after the carburizing process. The increment of carbon content was considered to find the correlation between types of carburizing compound with time. Results shows that the longer carburized steel was soaked, the higher potential in formation of carbon rich layer, case depth and carbon content, which led to better hardness properties for carburized low carbon steel. Longer soaking time, 9 hours has a higher dispersion of carbon up to 41%-51% compare to 8 hours and 7 hours. By using paste carburizing, it has more potential of carbon atom to merge the microstructure to transform into cementite (1.53 wt% C) compare to powder (0.97 wt% C), which increases the hardness of carburized steel (13% higher).
Influence of nitrogen on CO-laser characteristics
Authors: Grigorian Galina M. , Cenian Adam
Published: June 2017

The role of the addition of nitrogen to the discharge plasma of CO lasers on plasma-chemical processes is discussed here. It is shown that nitrogen addition improves laser characteristics and changes the composition of the laser active medium. A reduction of CO highly-excited vibrational-states populations with current is smaller in the case of mixtures with nitrogen additions. The addition of nitrogen significantly decreases CO dissociation level and concentrations of C atoms created in plasma-chemical reactions of laser discharge. Full Text: PDF ReferencesG.M. Grigorian and I.V. Kochetov, "Balance of CO molecules in the plasma of a sealed-off CO laser", Plasma Phys. Rep. 30, 788 (2004). CrossRef V.S. Aleinikov and V.I. Masychev, CO Lasers (Moscow, Radio i Svyaz' 1990).A. Cenian, A. Chernukho, V. Borodin and G.Śliwiński, "Modeling of Plasma-Chemical Reactions in Gas Mixture of CO2 Lasers I. Gas Decomposition in Pure CO2 Glow Discharge", Contr. Plasma Phys. 34, 25 (1994). CrossRef A. Cenian, A. Chernukho, V. Borodin, "Modeling of Plasma-Chemical Reactions in Gas Mixture of CO2 lasers. II. Theoretical Model and its Verification", Contrib. Plasma Phys. 35, 273 (1995). CrossRef A. Cenian, A. Chernukho, P. Kukiełło, R. Zaremba, V. Borodin and G. Śliwiński, "Improvement of self-regeneration of gas mixtures in a convection-cooled 1.2 kW laser", J.Phys. D: Appl.Phys. 30, 1103 (1997). CrossRef E.A. Trubacheev, Trudy FIAN 102, 3 (1977).G.M. Grigorian, B.M. Dymshits and Yu.Z. Ionikh, "Influence of oxygen on the parameters of the active medium in an electric-discharge CO laser", Sov J Quant Electron 19, 889 (1989). CrossRef V.N. Ochkin, S.Yu. Savinov, N.N. Sobolev and E.A. Trubacheev, Kvant. Elektr. 1, 573 (1974).
Effects of mixing on resolved and unresolved scales on stratospheric age of air
Authors: Dietmüller Simone , Garny Hella , Plöger Felix , Jöckel Patrick , Cai Duy
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Mean age of air (AoA) is a widely used metric to describe the transport along the Brewer–Dobson circulation. We seek to untangle the effects of different processes on the simulation of AoA, using the chemistry–climate model EMAC (ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry) and the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS). Here, the effects of residual transport and two-way mixing on AoA are calculated. To do so, we calculate the residual circulation transit time (RCTT). The difference of AoA and RCTT is defined as aging by mixing. However, as diffusion is also included in this difference, we further use a method to directly calculate aging by mixing on resolved scales. Comparing these two methods of calculating aging by mixing allows for separating the effect of unresolved aging by mixing (which we term aging by diffusion in the following) in EMAC and CLaMS. We find that diffusion impacts AoA by making air older, but its contribution plays a minor role (order of 10 %) in all simulations. However, due to the different advection schemes of the two models, aging by diffusion has a larger effect on AoA and mixing efficiency in EMAC, compared to CLaMS. Regarding the trends in AoA, in CLaMS the AoA trend is negative throughout the stratosphere except in the Northern Hemisphere middle stratosphere, consistent with observations. This slight positive trend is neither reproduced in a free-running nor in a nudged simulation with EMAC – in both simulations the AoA trend is negative throughout the stratosphere. Trends in AoA are mainly driven by the contributions of RCTT and aging by mixing, whereas the contribution of aging by diffusion plays a minor role.
Multi-model Impacts of Climate Change on Pollution Transport from Global Emission Source Regions
Authors: Doherty Ruth M. , Orbe Clara , Zeng Guang , Prather Michael , Plummer David A. , Lin Meiyun , Shindell Drew , Mackenzie Ian A. , Wild Oliver
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The impacts of climate change on tropospheric transport, diagnosed from a carbon monoxide (CO)-like tracer species emitted from global CO sources, are evaluated from an ensemble of four chemistry-climate model (CCMs) contributing to the Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP). Model time-slice simulations for present-day and end of the 21st century conditions were performed under the Representative Concentrations Pathways (RCP) climate scenario RCP8.5. All simulations reveal a strong seasonality in transport, especially over the tropics. The highest CO-tracer mixing ratios aloft occur during boreal winter when strong vertical transport is co-located with biomass burning emission source regions. A consistent and robust decrease in future CO-tracer mixing ratios throughout most of the troposphere, especially in the tropics, and an increase around the tropopause is found across the four CCMs in both winter and summer. Decreases in CO-tracer mixing ratios in the tropical troposphere are associated with reduced convective mass fluxes in this region, which in turn may reflect a weaker Hadley Cell circulation in the future climate. Increases in CO-tracer mixing ratios near the tropopause are largely attributable to a rise in tropopause height, although a poleward shift in the midlatitude jets may also play an important role in the extra-tropical upper troposphere. An increase in CO-tracer mixing ratios also occurs near the Equator, centred over Equatorial/Central Africa, extending from the surface to the mid troposphere which is most likely related to localised decreases in convection in the vicinity of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, resulting in larger CO-tracer mixing ratios over biomass burning regions and smaller mixing ratios downwind.
Bias assessment of lower and middle tropospheric CO2 concentrations of GOSAT/TANSO-FTS TIR Version 1 product
Authors: Saitoh Naoko , Kimoto Shuhei , Sugimura Ryo , Imasu Ryoichi , Shiomi Kei , Kuze Akihiko , Niwa Yousuke , Machida Toshinobu , Sawa Yousuke , Matsueda Hidekazu
Published: June 2017

Abstract. CO2 observations in the free troposphere can be useful for constraining CO2 source and sink estimates at the surface due to their representativeness being away from local point sources of CO2. The thermal infrared (TIR) band of the Thermal and Near Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation (TANSO)−Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) on board the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) has been observing global CO2 concentrations in the free troposphere for about 8 years, and thus could provide a dataset with which to evaluate the vertical transport of CO2 from the surface to the upper atmosphere. This study evaluated biases in the TIR version 1 (V1) CO2 product in the lower troposphere (LT) and the middle troposphere (MT) (736–287 hPa), on the basis of comparisons with CO2 profiles obtained over airports using Continuous CO2 Measuring Equipment (CME) in the Comprehensive Observation Network for Trace gases by AIrLiner (CONTRAIL) project. Bias-correction values are presented for TIR CO2 data for each pressure layer in the LT and MT regions during each season and in each latitude band: 40°S–20°S, 20° S–20° N, 20° N–40° N, and 40° N–60° N. TIR V1 CO2 data had consistent negative biases of 1–1.5 % compared with CME CO2 data in the LT and MT regions, with the largest negative biases at 541–398 hPa, partly due to the use of 10-μm CO2 absorption band in conjunction with 15-μm and 9-μm absorption bands in the V1 retrieval algorithm. Global comparisons between TIR CO2 data to which the bias-correction values were applied and CO2 data simulated by Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM)-based transport model (TM) confirmed the validity of the bias-correction values evaluated over airports in limited areas. In low latitudes in the upper MT region (398–287 hPa), however, TIR CO2 data in northern summer were overcorrected by these bias-correction values; this is because the bias-correction values were determined using comparisons mainly over airports in East Asia where CO2 concentrations in the upper atmosphere display relatively large variations due to strong updrafts.
Gómez Duran, Gemma: Gramàtica del català rossellonès, Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat, Barcelona, 2016.
Authors: Béjar Hernán Fernando
Published: June 2017

GÓMEZ DURAN, GEMMA: Gramàtica del català rossellonès,
Organizational Commitment-Rewards Relationship and its Change in Japanese Companies in China
Authors: Kokubun Keisuke
Published: June 2017

This study investigates a transition of the relationship between rewards and the organizational commitment of total 1,005 university graduates who work for 4 Japanese companies in China. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that supervisor support had stronger influence on organizational commitment in 2013 than it did in 2007, showing that the employees became to require more support from supervisors than before due to a growing anxiety under economic slowdown since the global financial crises of 2008. This result indicates that employees may become more collectivistic during a period of economic growth stagnation. Discussions and implications concerning human resource management of Japanese companies in China are offered.
“Non, moi je lui dis pas en turc, ou en portugais, ou en, j’sais pas moi en arabe”: Exploring teacher ideologies in multilingual/cultural preschool contexts in France
Authors: Young Andrea S.
Published: June 2017

This contribution explores the relationship between language ideologies and teaching with specific reference to the French national education context and in particular with respect to the education of children for whom French, the language of schooling, is not the language spoken in the home. The discourse of three teachers working in multilingual/cultural preschools is examined, revealing both beliefs about languages and practiced language policies underpinned by deep-rooted language ideologies which perpetuate a monolingual habitus. It is argued that in order to challenge the myths which support this monolingual mindset, it is essential to nurture teacher language awareness, underpinned by knowledge, values and a deeper understanding of the complexities of living and learning through multiple languages.
ESTADO GRAVÍDICO: LIMITAÇÕES IMPOSTAS À ENTREVISTA DE EMPREGO E PROTEÇÃO NO PRÉ-CONTRATO DE TRABALHO
Authors: Miranda Lara Caxico Martins , Oliveira Lourival José de
Published: June 2017

A partir do método dedutivo, o estudo em questão aborda a aplicação dos princípios e diretrizes civilistas gerais acerca do contrato preliminar ao pré-contrato de trabalho e à entrevista de emprego. Sob esta fundamentação, visa solucionar questões pontuais atinentes à dispensa arbitrária de gestantes ainda nas fases preliminares da contratação. O estudo em destaque analisa a aplicação das diretrizes civilistas no pré-contrato de trabalho e na entrevista de emprego, dando ênfase à responsabilidade decorrente dos danos causados nessa fase. Utilizando a pesquisa bibliográfica, o estudo aplicou toda a teoria firmada no direito civil ao caso de grávidas que deixam de ser contratadas por sua condição. Após a análise doutrinária e jurisprudencial, entendeu-se que, nos casos mencionados, aplica-se a estabilidade provisória da gestante, mesmo sem a efetivação do contrato de trabalho, tendo em vista os princípios da proteção do emprego e do nascituro.  
Librarians on the case: Helping students prepare for job interviews in an uncertain economy
Authors: Joranson Kate , Wider Eve
Published: June 2017

In this time of economic uncertainty, once you land a job interview, it is more important than ever to outshine the competition. At the University of Pittsburgh Business Library, we have collaborated with Career Services staff at the Katz Graduate School of Business to offer workshops designed to prepare students to ace their interviews and land that all-important first job. Librarians often teach company and industry research methods, but by working closely with career services staff, we were able to present these research skills in the context of interview preparation, which raises the stakes for participants.
Public libraries traditionally excel . . .
Health care management resources: Web sites for the national debate
Authors: Sharma Shikha
Published: June 2017

According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), the United States is projected to spend more than $2.5 trillion on health care in 2009, or $8,160 per U.S. resident. Health spending in 2009 is projected to account for 17.6 percent of gross domestic product.1
Despite high spending, nearly 46 million Americans are still uninsured. While policy and law makers agree that health care reform is needed, they disagree on how to contain the escalating health care costs and offer universal coverage. Some have suggested imposing price controls and strict budgets on health care spending, and others support free . . .
Now more than ever . . .: ACRL benefits you
Authors: Petrowski Mary Jane
Published: June 2017

Charting Our Future: ACRL Strategic Plan 2020,” challenges ACRL to position academic and research libraries and librarians as indispensable to advancing learning and scholarship. The 2009 ACRL membership survey shows that ACRL members have a strong desire to learn and succeed and that ACRL plays an important developmental role in helping members become flexible, dynamic, and entrepreneurial leaders in their institutions and scholarly communities.
We also continue to interview ACRL members each week to discover why they join (and what they value). Visit the ACRL Insider blog (www.acrl.ala.org/acrlinsider/category/member-of-the-week/) to read more personal statements about the value of academic and research . . .
ACRL’s 2010 Awards Program: Honoring outstanding achievements in academic librarianship
Authors: Griffin Megan
Published: June 2017

For more than three quarters of a century, ACRL has been committed to celebrating the achievements of deserving academic and research librarians through the presentation of awards, grants, and fellowships. Every year, ACRL extends recognition and honor to the winners of its awards. Thanks to generous corporate sponsorship that provides almost $37,000, ACRL has, and will continue to, nominate, select, and honor the very best in academic librarianship.
ACRL members are an integral part of our successful awards program. Please consider acknowledging those who have influenced your thinking, your practice, and your growth as an academic or research librarian. We . . .
In the News
Authors: Free David
Published: June 2017

Welcome to the May 2017 issue of C&RL News. While the literature on pedagogy and library services may trend more towards aspects of educating traditional college students, the changing populations at many institutions require an additional focus on continuing education students. In this issue’s Perspectives on the Framework column, Carrie Ludovico of the University of Richmond writes about “Seeing the world through adult eyes” when applying the concepts in the Framework for Information Literacy.
People in the News
Authors: Galloway Ann-Christe
Published: June 2017

Sandra Franklin, director of the Woodruff Health Sciences Center Library at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, has been selected as a fellow of the Medical Library Association (MLA). The designation is the group’s highest honor, bestowed on members who are chosen by the Board of Directors for sustained and outstanding contributions to health sciences librarianship and to the advancement of the purposes of MLA. Franklin has been a member of MLA since 1984 and a distinguished member of its Academy of Health Information Professionals since 1997. She served as an elected member of MLA’s Board of Directors (2013–16) and has been a member of MLA’s Southern chapter since 1983, serving as president (2004–05). Franklin is chairing the local assistance committee for the 2018 MLA Annual Meeting, to be held in Atlanta.
TANGIBLE ARTIFACTS
Authors: De Hamel Christopher
Published: June 2017

Some libraries call them ‘Special Collections’. Others describe the same remote rooms as ‘Rare Book Collections’. They are usually upstairs somewhere, along the end of untrodden corridors lined with posters of obsolete exhibitions. There is generally a minuscule reading-room with no windows and long tables, often with an even more minuscule librarian trying to appear inconspicuous and busy simultaneously behind boxes of uncataloged archives. With any luck, they will admit you into the book stacks themselves. The first thing you notice as the door is unlocked is the most wonderful smell—that intoxicating, exhilarating, overwhelming and irresistibly exciting smell of old . . .
WHAT’S THE USE?
Authors: Howarth Rachel
Published: June 2017

What’s so special about special collections is the people who use them. Without the people who use these materials to forward scholarship, to teach new generations, to serve as librarians, archivists, conservators, and curators, or simply to marvel at them, special collections are not special at all.
People who use special collections for research bring to them their own ideas and their own excitement. In the past month at the Ransom Center, a biographer was crafting a tale of a publisher’s life by poring over the publisher’s archive; three students were collating variant editions of a sixteenth-century text for a . . .
EDITORS' NOTE
Authors: Browar Lisa , Taylor Marvin J.
Published: June 2017

The full bundle of sticks. In his essay, “Not So Public: Access to Collections,” Joseph L. Sax explains how this phrase is used in legal discourse to mean the entirety of entitlements inherent in the things one owns. It might also be used metaphorically to describe the array of issues, problems, and collections confronting libraries, museums, and other organizations caring for our shared cultural heritage.
As we move into the future we must consider how to fulfill our responsibilities toward our collections, institutions, and patrons while maintaining our overarching responsibility to preserve cultural memory. In a world where access no . . .
Digital Special Collections: The Big Picture
Authors: Prochaska Alice
Published: June 2017

As I started to think about digital special collections, I found myself pitching into a morass of unknown quantities and speculation. The dominance of electronic journals and aggregations of databases, followed by the news-grabbing mass digitization program at Google, has diverted attention from the fact that some publishers and libraries have been digitizing special collections for a couple of decades or more. For most of that time, an even greater number have been evangelizing the benefits of digital access to unique and rare materials. There was a time when I thought I had a clear vision of the future for . . .
It’s Not Just about Curators Anymore: Special Collections in the Digital Age
Authors: Taranto Barbara
Published: June 2017

In January 2008, riding on the coattails of a six-month intensive strategic planning process, the New York Public Library deconstructed its Digital Library Program (DLP) and established an entirely new organizational unit, NYPL Labs. Drawing talent from across the organization, the new unit was formed to take a broader, more user-focused approach to the ever-evolving digital environment and the challenges it represents for service-centric cultural organizations.
NYPL Labs represents a shift in the approach to library digitization in that “digital” is understood as an integral part of core activities—an organic feature woven into the life of the library. As . . .
From Babylonia to Bombay to Burma: Sojourning through Asian Hebraica by Way of New York
Authors: Poussaint LaVerne L.
Published: June 2017

This winter past, I journeyed to Sotheby’s to bear witness to a wonder: the hallowed holdings of the Valmadonna Trust Library (VTL) collection on exhibit in New York. I ventured forth to explore this rarefied repository of tenth- through early twentieth-century1 CE texts, declared by the cognoscenti to be “the finest private library of Hebrew books and manuscripts in the world.”2 As I joined the caravan of inquiring minds and devout adherents alike in a lengthy line that extended around the corner from the auction house’s York Avenue entrance, the hour-long wait allowed me time to cross-match the gallery floor
Archival Cataloging and the Archival Sensibility
Authors: Wisser Katherine M.
Published: June 2017

If you ask catalogers about the relationship between bibliographic and archival cataloging, more likely than not their answers will stress divergence over convergence. Potential arguments about the differences encompass issues surrounding books versus manuscript materials, items versus collections, and an emphasis on artifactual description versus content and context description. The truly divergent cases should not distract us from the significant areas of convergence, however. In particular, the cataloging of rare books and materials shows meaningful similarities across bibliographic and archival cataloging. There is a real benefit to focusing on where practices converge. Focusing on convergence provides the advantage of allowing . . .
Portuguese and Brazilian Books in the John Carter Brown Library, 1537 to 1839: With a Selection of Braziliana Printed in Countries other than Portugal and Brazil. Compiled and edited by Valeria Gauz. Providence, R.I.: John Carter Brown Library: Distributed in Brazil by Briquet de Lemos/Libros, 2009. 792p. ISBN 0-916617-69-6. $175
Authors: Covington Paula
Published: June 2017

The John Carter Brown Library (JCB) has amassed one of the world’s great collections of colonial Braziliana since its founding in 1846, and this catalog is a testament to its preeminence. Over 1,200 titles are painstakingly cataloged and described by Brazilian specialist cataloger Valeria Gauz. Two widely regarded experts in the field of early Luso-Brazilian printing, Laurence Hallewell and Richard Ramer, served as prepublication consultants for the project.Norman Fiering, the former JCB Director and Librarian, comments in the preface that printed catalogs of collections are now considered “outmoded products” in the computer age. He then goes on to make . . .
Something’s Got to Give: What Can We Stop Doing in a Time of Reduced Resources?
Authors: Proffitt Merrilee
Published: June 2017

Articles in our professional literature and conference presentations reporting on new initiatives are quite common. In presenting the brave and the new, however, librarians rarely discuss activities they have stopped doing. Since 2008, when libraries began to face budget cuts in the face of the recession, I have heard anecdotally about furloughs, hiring freezes, and layoffs, but not about attendant elimination of services or other existing functions. When reaching out to speakers for a seminar on “What to stop doing,” at the RBMS 2010 preconference in Philadelphia, I envisioned finding speakers who would report on the ways in which cessation . . .
Francis X. Blouin, Jr. and William G. Rosenburg. Processing the Past: Contesting Authority in History and the Archives. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. 272p. ISBN 978-0199740543. $74
Authors: Davis Morgan
Published: June 2017

Processing the Past is an examination of the evolution of professional archival management and its relationship to the study of history. As the title states, much of this book deals with the concept of authority, from both an archival and an intellectual perspective, and seeks to build understanding in the increasingly separate worlds of the historian and archival professional. Blouin and Rosenburg, an archivist and historian, have labeled this disparity the “archival divide” and, in the course of Processing the Past, trace its beginnings, meanings, and consequences for archivists, historians, and the creation of archives past and present.The book . . .
Aileen Fyfe. Steam-Powered Knowledge: William Chambers and the Business of Publishing, 1820–1860. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012. 313p. $50 (ISBN 9780226276519).
Authors: Harbeson Cynthia
Published: June 2017

Steam-Powered Knowledge: William Chambers and the Business of Publishing, 1820–1860 is an exploration of the emerging technologies in the mid-nineteenth century that led to a rise in the availability of low-cost books—cheap print, as it was called. New technologies such as the steam-powered printing press and stereotype plates converged with the emergence of railways and steamships. With these new techniques, books could be produced and sold at a significantly lower cost, making them accessible to a wider audience. A virtuous cycle was created; inexpensive books led to a rise in literacy in England that in turn increased the . . .
Sachiko Kusukawa. Picturing the Book of Nature: Image, Text, and Argument in Sixteenth-Century Human Anatomy and Medical Botany. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012. xvii, 331p. (ISBN 9780226465296).
Authors: Harcourt Glenn
Published: June 2017

The early 1540s saw the publication of several printed and illustrated books that are properly identified as masterpieces of scientific publishing, including, in 1542, Leonhart Fuchs’s De historia stirpium (On the history of plants); and, in 1543, the De humani corporis fabrica libri VII (Seven books on the fabric of the human body) by the Paduan professor Andreas Vesalius. Now, Sachiko Kusukawa, a Fellow in History and Philosophy of Science at Cambridge, has produced a masterful study of Fuchs and Vesalius that advances a powerful argument about the strategies developed by the two authors, working apparently on two very different . . .
The Medical Library Is History
Authors: Chaplin Simon
Published: June 2017

Medical libraries are dying. Or at least some specific sorts of medical libraries—independent institutional libraries, owned by historic organizations, in historic buildings, with large historic collections—are under serious threat of themselves becoming part of the past. To mitigate this threat, there is a need to rethink the nature of the “historic” medical library. This involves reconsidering the library’s relationship to medicine and the history of medicine as disciplines, defining what is important about the nature of the library as a physical space and of its collections as material things, and reevaluating its audiences. Digitization has a role to . . .
Bridging the Internal Gap: Special Collections and “In-Reach”
Authors: Priddle Charlotte
Published: June 2017

Over the past decade, special collections professionals have attempted to break down barriers and attract new and different patrons through outreach programs to undergraduates, high school students, community groups, and others as a means of broadening our reach, widening the appeal of our materials, and ensuring our continued existence and relevance in an increasingly digital world. Our success at this endeavor can be seen in the ever-increasing rise in collaborations between faculty, students, and other members of our diverse communities written about and reflected upon in the literature.1 But while we have accomplished much with external audiences, it seems we . . .
Carrie Smith and Lisa Stead, eds. The Boundaries of the Literary Archive: Reclamation and Representation. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2013. xv, 210 p. ISBN 978-1409443223. $104.95
Authors: Alteri Suzan A.
Published: June 2017

In the past 15 years, literary and textual scholars have been pushing the boundaries of literary and personal paper archives to find new modes of scholarship, whether it be reclaiming authors previously considered “unworthy” of scholarly study or using textual criticism and the materiality of the book/manuscript to discuss how a scholar pieces together different types of material and information to formulate their argument. These new assertions highlight that the literary archive is neither neatly defined nor should it be a fixed form of study. Instead, the contributors to this wonderfully articulated collection argue for flexibility both in the archive . . .
Between Tradition and Automation in Special Collections: A Memoir
Authors: Luft Eric v.d.
Published: June 2017

Insofar as my career in libraries straddled the time when “scholar librarians” dominated special collections to the time when “techie librarians” had pretty much taken over, and as I was in the middle of this change at several institutions, I would like to offer a few observations on this radical transition in special collections librarianship.Early DaysMy first library job was in 1973 in the cataloging department of Bowdoin College. A few weeks after I started, this library entered the computer age by acquiring its first OCLC terminal. OCLC had been founded in 1967 as the Ohio College Library . . .
Kate Theimer, ed. Innovative Practices for Archives and Special Collections: Educational Programs. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2015. 195p. ISBN 9781442249523. $55.00
Authors: Hart Dana
Published: June 2017

RBM: A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage reviews books, reports, new periodicals, databases, websites, blogs, and other electronic resources, as well as exhibition, book, and auction catalogs pertaining directly and indirectly to the fields of rare book librarianship, manuscripts curatorship, archives management, and special collections administration. Publishers, librarians, and archivists are asked to send appropriate publications for review or notice to the Reviews Editor.Due to space limitations, it may not be possible for all books received to be reviewed in RBM. Books or publication announcements should be sent to the Reviews Editor: Amy Cooper Cary, Raynor . . .
Moving Toward “Mega-choice”: The Evolution of Access Technologies in Special Collections
Authors: Heyliger Sean , McLoone Juli , Thomas Nikki Lynn
Published: June 2017

Introduction
Recent technological changes have brought questions of access to the forefront of the special collections and archival professions and transformed the process by which access is attained. Librarians and archivists are increasingly called to make far-reaching decisions about the evolving shape of both in-person and remote access to collections, and newcomers to the profession, in particular, can benefit from better understanding the adoption, evolution, and disruption of older access technologies. While contemplating RBM’s call for submissions on the theme of “the digital vs. the physical,” the authors found themselves reading extensively on the subject of past access systems. Hoping . . .
Livin’ Like Jagger: The Hardcore Life of a Digitizing Librarian
Authors: Pierce Pamela
Published: June 2017

I watched a little too much VH1 as a kid during summers in “It’s a dry heat” Tucson, Arizona: countdowns of the 100 greatest rock songs known to man, tales of sordid behind-the-music history, and “best weeks ever” that read like a grocery store checkout magazine with better humor. Mick Jagger entered into the VH1 programming about every other day. To be clear, he’s not my role model. I’m the digital library coordinator and archivist for the Theodore Roosevelt Center at Dickinson State University. I love the academic world and I’m the ultimate bookworm. I have a personal archive of . . .
All About That Base
Authors: House Ingi
Published: June 2017

Because you know I’m all about that base
‘Bout that base, no a‘cid
I’m all about that base ‘Bout that base, no acid
I’m all about that base ‘Bout that base, no acid
I’m all about that base ‘Bout that base
Yeah, it’s pretty clear, that paper’s old
But we ain’t got no money, money so what we supposed to do?
‘Cause we got that past, past that all the people want
All the old stats and all the old figures
We see those digital plans
They get all the attention
We got to get those scanners
And learn to . . .
ASSOCIATION/VALUE: CREATIVE COLLABORATIONS IN THE LIBRARY
Authors: Rifkin Libbie
Published: June 2017

In her recent address to a symposium of institutional and private collectors at the Library of Congress, Alice Schreyer used the notion of “ecology” to describe the network of relations that has helped sustain private collectors, dealers, and institutional curators since the modern university emerged alongside the Golden Age of book-collecting in the late nineteenth century. At least since the early 1960s, imaginative writers also have actively participated in this network while curators and librarians have become players in the literary scene. Here, I will be reading the traces of a few transactions between poets and special collections librarians over . . .
RBMS, SPECIAL COLLECTIONS, AND THE CHALLENGE OF DIVERSITY: THE ROAD TO THE DIVERSITY ACTION PLAN
Authors: Grob Julie
Published: June 2017

Anyone who has ever attended an RBMS preconference will have noticed the racial and ethnic homogeneity among the section’s members. In 1997, a survey in the RBMS newsletter revealed that 97 percent of RBMS members were white.1 Historically, RBMS has responded to the challenge of increasing diversity with some talk, but little action. The recent approval by the RBMS executive board of the Diversity Action Plan is a positive and long overdue step toward encouraging more diversity in the section.
Making an effort to attract more members of underrepresented racial and ethnic groups to RBMS is the right thing to . . .
EDITOR'S NOTE
Authors: Clement Richard W.
Published: June 2017

The book trade has always been a fascinating subject, whether we look at it from the perspective of collector or dealer. The trade is, of course, central to our collective enterprise as the vehicle that enables the movement of books, but for many people involved in collecting for libraries and other cultural-heritage institutions, particularly those who are beginning their professional careers, the trade sometimes has seemed remote and even mysterious. And for those of us who have been actively engaged with the trade, it remains a source of fascination and perhaps even retains some of its mystery. In this issue, . . .
ANTIQUARIAN AND RARE BOOKS IN LONDON AT THE BEGINNING OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
Authors: Price John Valdimir
Published: June 2017

“Booksellers are generous liberal-minded men.” According to Boswell, Dr. Johnson made this remark in 1756, though anyone remotely acquainted with Johnson will also know that he was equally capable of thinking—and saying—something quite the opposite; it would be imprudent to overlook the possibility of irony here. The London book trade in the eighteenth century was a busy one, and its history is the subject of some of the best research being done on London’s culture. There was also a prospering trade in second-hand or “previously owned” books, and a large number of books from previous centuries are often found in . . .
CATALOGUING OF MEDIEVAL MANUSCRIPTS IN GERMAN LIBRARIES:: THE ROLE OF THE DEUTSCHE FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCHAFT (DFG) AS A FUNDING AGENCY
Authors: Wagner Bettina
Published: June 2017

From the nineteenth century onward, German librarians have devoted considerable effort to the cataloguing of medieval manuscripts,2 many of which came into public ownership after the secularization of monasteries at the beginning of the century. The centralization of sources stimulated scholarly interest in the material, to which librarians responded by compiling inventories and catalogues. Due to the size of the collections, which were often augmented by further acquisitions from the antiquarian book market in the second half of the century, the authors of those early catalogues had to restrict themselves to recording only the most essential codicological data and textual . . .
RETURNING LOOTED EUROPEAN LIBRARY COLLECTIONS: AN HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE OFFENBACH ARCHIVAL DEPOT, 1945–1948
Authors: Rothfeld Anne
Published: June 2017

In 1944, Pierce Butler wrote, “ever since libraries have existed, war has been one of the chief agencies of [their] annihilation.”2 The looting and destruction of cultural treasures during wartime is an established fact throughout Western history, including Greek and Roman times as well as during the Crusades, when empires stripped defeated nations of their cultural heritage. During the Napoleonic Wars in the early nineteenth century, Napoleon had an army of art commissioners who were ordered to locate and seize valuable cultural property, including whole libraries, for transfer to France. But the systematic Nazi confiscation of European cultural treasures in . . .
INTERVIEW WITH NORMAN FIERING
Authors: Slive Daniel J.
Published: June 2017

Norman Fiering has announced his retirement as director and librarian of the John Carter Brown Library after twenty-two years of service. He has been head of the library, an independently funded and administered research institution located at Brown University, since 1983. During his tenure, the library doubled the size of its building, increased its endowment sevenfold, and established an international research fellowship program that gives awards to as many as thirty scholars a year. More than 5,000 rare books in a dozen different languages have been added to the collection since 1983, all primary sources for the study of the . . .
“You’ve Got to Be Carefully Taught”: American Special Collections Library Education and the Inculcation of Exclusivity
Authors: Garabedian Michael
Published: June 2017

One might well ask what Rodgers and Hammerstein have to do with rare books and manuscripts, or what they might have to do with special collections library education and exclusivity. This is not so easily explained, even if one happens to be familiar with “You've Got to Be Carefully Taught,” the antepenultimate song from Rodgers and Hammerstein's 1949 musical South Pacific. For those who don't know South Pacific, I'm afraid space constraints do not allow for a plot summary. Suffice it to say that near the end of act two, Lieutenant Joe Cable sings “You've Got to Be Carefully Taught,” . . .
Red Wine and White Carpets: What We Didn’t Learn in Library School, or When the Dog and Pony Goes Bad
Authors: Dimunation Mark
Published: June 2017

I would like to open with a bit of received wisdom that was actually passed on to me when I was a newly minted rare book librarian. The story goes like this: His first day at work, the curator of rare books finally manages a few quiet moments in his new office. Surveying the space, suitably impressed with the appropriate decor (sufficiently professional, but not stodgy), he opens the drawer of his massive desk. There he finds three sealed envelopes, left in the otherwise empty drawer by his predecessor. In sequence they are labeled “Open at the time of your . . .
Editor's Note
Authors: Clement Richard W.
Published: June 2017

Integrating rare books into the undergraduate curriculum has been a challenging enterprise for many of us. Not too long ago undergraduates were distinctly unwelcome in many university special collections, which were considered to be the preserve of senior professors and researchers. Graduate students were carefully vetted and lucky to be admitted. But such exclusivity has become a thing of the past almost everywhere, and we are now working hard to engage both undergraduates and their instructors in making use of our collections. In the first article in this issue, Pablo Alvarez discusses several approaches to using rare books in undergraduate . . .
From Here to Ephemerality: Fugitive Sources in Libraries, Archives, and Museums: The 48th Annual RBMS Preconference
Authors: Raine Henry
Published: June 2017

For too long, institutions have treated their collections of ephemera as impediments rather than assets. They considered that ephemera had intrinsically less research value than books or manuscripts, that it was difficult to store and access, and that it often came in collections so large and unwieldy that they would never be adequately cataloged or inventoried. Vast troves of broadsides, handbills, and circulars languished unsorted in boxes, and the existence of these collections was seldom advertised to potential researchers, and sometimes carefully hidden from them. And yet some scholars took strong interest in these types of materials, some collectors and ...
Fugitive Sources, Ben-Hur, and the Popular Art “Property”
Authors: Solomon Jon
Published: June 2017

When I started my work on Ben-Hur several years ago, I had little idea that it was, in fact, “work.” It began as a curiosity, developed into a passionate interest, and resulted in what I would like to think is an important identification—that Ben-Hur is the avatar of the popular culture “property” that enters as a best-selling item, spreads to other artistic genres, and develops into a variety of business synergies.My education, training, and professional research have been mostly in traditional sources and resources. For my dissertation, a critical edition of Cleonides’ Harmonic Introduction (Eisagogê harmonikê), I collated ...
Teaching with Ephemera
Authors: Gardner Julia , Pavelich David
Published: June 2017

In the Fall 2006 issue of RBM, Pablo Alvarez presented us with three case studies to demonstrate his efforts at “introducing rare books into the undergraduate curriculum.” His fascinating examples included teaching an Italian Literature class by looking at various illustrations of Dante’s Commedia; a thought-provoking investigation of censorship in the history of science, making use of Copernicus’ De revolutionibus; and the dissection of an especially loaded edition of Cervantes’ Don Quixote for a course on that novel.Near the end of his article, Alvarez noted that, “Perhaps the distinguishing feature of my own work that I have highlighted in ...
Into the New Millennium: A Tale of Transformation
Authors: Bozeman Pat
Published: June 2017

At the American Library Association’s 2006 annual meeting in New Orleans, I was one of three panelists who participated in the Rare Books & Manuscripts Section’s conference program entitled “Re-imagineering Special Collections: Building Designs and Considerations for the 21st Century.”1 While I was reasonably comfortable with my understanding of Walt Disney Imagineering (from which our program title was taken),2 it was difficult to imagine that, in Special Collections at the University of Houston Libraries, we had come up with anything so novel or different (let alone newly imagined or creative) to be called “imagineering.” To me, imagineering means ground-breaking innovation . . .