bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Galangin attenuates oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cells through modulating renin–angiotensin system and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Liao Jie , Liu Bo , Chen Ke , Hu Sheng , Liu Zheng-Yu , Li Yu-Xin , Yang Zhi-Ming , Zhang Meng , Chen Xiong
Published: January 2021

This study was to evaluate the regulatory network among Galangin (Gal), oxidative stress, and renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) in vitro. A cell model of DN was set up by exposing HK-2 cells to high glucose (HG, 30 mM) for 48 h and Gal was applied at 10 μM when needed. mRNA expression was analyzed by qPCR and protein level was detected by western blot. Malondialdehyde level and superoxide dismutase activity were evaluated by commercial kits. We analyzed cell viability by CCK8 assay and apoptosis by flow cytometry. DCFH-DA staining was conveyed for reactive oxygen species detection. HG induced RAS activation, oxidative stress, while inhibited cell viability. Gal suppressed oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis of HK-2 cells under the stimulation of HG via inhibiting RAS activation. Moreover, overexpression of AT1R, a RAS gene, could restrain the mitigative effect of Gal on cell injury. Furthermore, repression of RAS induced by AT1R knockdown partially reversed HG-induced PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation and oxidative stress in HK-2 cells. Also, AKT activation could antagonize Gal’s functional roles in renal cell damage. Collectively, Gal alleviates HG-induced oxidative stress injury of renal tubular epithelial cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal via modulating RAS activation. This finding would help to better understand mechanism of DN development and support future studies.
Subacute and subchronic toxicity of microencapsulated pomegranate juice in rats and mice
Authors: Álvarez-Cervantes Pedro , Izquierdo-Vega Jeannett A , Morán-León José , Guerrero-Solano José A , García-Pérez Blanca E , Cancino-Díaz Juan C , Belefant-Miller Helen , Betanzos-Cabrera Gabriel
Published: January 2021

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a fruit used extensively in traditional medicine by ancient and modern cultures. Different parts of the tree and fruit, such as leaf, peel, pericarp, aril, seed, and juice contain considerable amounts of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activities. To improve its storability, pomegranate juice was microencapsulated by spray drying. The present study evaluated microencapsulated pomegranate juice (MPJ) for toxic effects in Wistar rats and CD-1 mice to determine if MPJ can be considered safe for human consumption and used as a nutraceutical. No deaths or deleterious effects occurred when high doses of 5000 mg/kg were orally administered in rats for 14 days, indicating an absence of subacute toxicity. Similarly, 3000 mg/kg MPJ administered to CD-1 mice for 90 days did not show subchronic toxicity. In fact, MPJ resulted in lowered weight gain in both rats and mice. Cytotoxic and microbiological analyses of MPJ were also performed. MPJ did not cause any cytotoxicity in epithelial cell culture as tested using the Alamar blue assay. Additionally, histopathological analysis of kidney and liver corroborated the absence of toxicity in CD-1 mice. The microbial load of the MPJ was low, and no pathogenic bacteria were present. In conclusion, the results reported here show that high doses of MPJ are apparently innocuous in rats and mice for the 14 and 90 days investigated, respectively. Although preliminary, our results suggest that MPJ may be safe to ingest and may even have beneficial effects in reducing weight gain.
Comparison of Acute Effects of Neurotoxic Compounds on Network Activity in Human and Rodent Neural Cultures
Authors: Saavedra Lorena , Wallace Kathleen , Freudenrich Theresa F , Mall Moritz , Mundy William R , Davila Jorge , Shafer Timothy J , Wernig Marius , Haag Daniel
Published: January 2021

Assessment of neuroactive effects of chemicals in cell-based assays remains challenging as complex functional tissue is required for biologically relevant readouts. Recent in vitro models using rodent primary neural cultures grown on multielectrode arrays allow quantitative measurements of neural network activity suitable for neurotoxicity screening. However, robust systems for testing effects on network function in human neural models are still lacking. The increasing number of differentiation protocols for generating neurons from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) holds great potential to overcome the unavailability of human primary tissue and expedite cell-based assays. Yet, the variability in neuronal activity, prolonged ontogeny and rather immature stage of most neuronal cells derived by standard differentiation techniques greatly limit their utility for screening neurotoxic effects on human neural networks. Here, we used excitatory and inhibitory neurons, separately generated by direct reprogramming from hiPSCs, together with primary human astrocytes to establish highly functional cultures with defined cell ratios. Such neuron/glia cocultures exhibited pronounced neuronal activity and robust formation of synchronized network activity on multielectrode arrays, albeit with noticeable delay compared with primary rat cortical cultures. We further investigated acute changes of network activity in human neuron/glia cocultures and rat primary cortical cultures in response to compounds with known adverse neuroactive effects, including gamma amino butyric acid receptor antagonists and multiple pesticides. Importantly, we observed largely corresponding concentration-dependent effects on multiple neural network activity metrics using both neural culture types. These results demonstrate the utility of directly converted neuronal cells from hiPSCs for functional neurotoxicity screening of environmental chemicals.
Draft Genome Resource of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici, the Infectious Agent of Pepper Fusarium Wilt
Authors: Xingxing Ping , Khan Raja Asad Ali , Yan Li , Yuhong Yang , Bingyan Xie , Zhenchuan Mao , Jian Ling
Published: January 2021

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici is the specific pathogen of pepper Fusarium wilt and causes a significant reduction in pepper yield. Its narrow host specificity has led to the concept of formae speciales. This interesting phenomenon has great potential and needs to be analyzed at the molecular level. In this study, we obtained the draft genome sequence of F. oxysporum f. sp. capsici, using the Oxford Nanopore sequencing technology. The long read–based assembly consisted of 34 contigs, with a total length of 54,516,562 bp. The contig N50 was 4,962,668 bp and the GC content was 47.6%. Our genome assembly of F. oxysporum f. sp. capsici provides a valuable resource for the study of pepper Fusarium wilt, and the comparative genomic study of F. oxysporum.

[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
The Role of Impulsivity and Cognitive Emotion Regulation in the Tendency Toward Addiction in Male Students
Authors: Naeim Mahdi , Rezaeisharif Ali , Kamran Aziz
Published: January 2021

Background:

Addiction is one of the most important issues today that has affected all institutions, including the family and the society, and the close connection between this issue and the correct methods of raising children in the family is undeniable.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the role of impulsivity and cognitive emotion regulation in the tendency toward addiction in students of Ardabil universities.

Methods:

The methodology applied in this research was descriptive correlation. A total of 520 male students who study at Ardabil universities were selected by 2-stage random sampling. To measure the variables, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-P), and the Addiction Preparation Scale of Weed and Butcher were used.

Results:

To analyze the findings, the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions were used. The obtained results show that there is a positive correlation between impulsivity and tendency to addiction (P<0.01). Also, there is a correlation among all components of impulsivity and tendency to addiction (P<0.01). Statistically, there is a positive correlation between cognitive emotion regulation and tendency to addiction (P<0.01). The results of multivariate regression showed that motor impulsivity, cognitive impulsivity, nonplanning, self-blame, acceptance, rumination, and putting into perspective were significantly able to predict the tendency to addiction.

Conclusions:

Noting that the variables of impulsivity and cognitive emotion regulation can properly predict the tendency to addiction, university counseling centers can, through workshops, teach the students different ways of controlling these variables in a variety of situations and so they will be able to prevent the tendency toward drug use.
Could Agomelatine Play a Role to Treat Anhedonia in Heroin Dependence?
Authors: Preve Matteo
Published: January 2021

Anhedonia is defined as a diminished ability to experience interest or pleasure, and is a critical psychopathologic dimension of major depressive disorder and is a commonly reported symptom among substance-dependent populations inside heroin addiction. The purpose of this report is to review the clinical evidence for the potential role of agomelatine to treat anhedonia in heroin dependence and literature review. We conducted a systematic review of the literature with the principal database (PubMed, Enbase, and PsychInfo) and we present a case report. Agomelatine was shown to be effective on anhedonia, depression, and anxiety in a subject with heroin dependence. The favorable effect of agomelatine on circadian rest-activity/sleep-wake cycle and on both depressive and anxiety symptoms is well knowed. To our knowledge in the literature there are no studies about the use of agomelatine to treat anhedonia in heroin addictated patient. We have any particular side effect and agomelatine was good tolerated. Further research is warranted to replicate our clinical and qualitative observations and, in general, quantitative studies in large samples followed up over time are needed. Methodological limitations, clinical implications, and suggestions for future research directions are considered.
Trends in Hip Fracture Incidence, Recurrence, and Survival by Education and Comorbidity: A Swedish Register-based Study
Authors: Meyer Anna C. , Ek Stina , Drefahl Sven , Ahlbom Anders , Hedström Margareta , Modig Karin
Published: January 2021

Background:

Hip fractures are common and severe conditions among older individuals, associated with high mortality, and the Nordic countries have the highest incidence rates globally. With this study, we aim to present a comprehensive picture of trends in hip fracture incidence and survival in the older Swedish population stratified by education, birth country, and comorbidity level.

Methods:

This study is based on a linkage of several population registers and included the entire population over the age of 60 living in Sweden. We calculated age-standardized incidence rates for first and recurrent hip fractures as well as age-standardized proportions of patients surviving 30 and 365 days through the time period 1998 to 2017. We calculated all outcomes for men and women in the total population and in each population stratum.

Results:

Altogether, we observed 289,603 first hip fractures during the study period. Age-standardized incidence rates of first and recurrent fractures declined among men and women in the total population and in each educational-, birth country-, and comorbidity group. Declines in incidence were more pronounced for recurrent than for first fractures. Approximately 20% of women and 30% of men died within 1 year of their first hip fracture. Overall, survival proportions remained constant throughout the study period but improved when taking into account comorbidity level.

Conclusions:

Hip fracture incidence has declined across the Swedish population, but mortality after hip fracture remained high, especially among men. Hip fracture patients constitute a vulnerable population group with increasing comorbidity burden and high mortality risk.
INTRAVITREAL RANIBIZUMAB TREATMENT FOR ADVANCED FAMILIAL EXUDATIVE VITREORETINOPATHY WITH HIGH VASCULAR ACTIVITY
Authors: Lyu Jiao , Zhang Qi , Xu Yu , Zhang Xiang , Fei Ping , Zhao Peiquan
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

To determine the efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) treatment for advanced familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with high vascular activity.

Methods:

The retrospective interventional case series included 28 eyes (20 patients) that had IVR in combination or not with other treatment, for Stage 3 to 5 familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with active fibrovascular proliferation and prominent subretinal exudation. Outcome measures were fundus features after treatment, associated clinical variables, and genetic mutations.

Results:

The age of patients at the first IVR ranged from 0.2 to 36 months. An average of 1.3 IVR injections per eye were given. Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy regressed in 16 (57%) eyes and progressed in 12 eyes (43%) after IVR. Laser and/or vitrectomy was performed on 13 eyes. The retina was reattached in 22 eyes (78%) after 24 to 58 months follow-up. Clinical variables associated with progression after IVR were preexisting fibrovascular proliferation over one quadrant and persistent vascular activity after the initial injection (P < 0.05). Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy-causative genetic mutations in 11 patients were related to variable response to IVR treatment.

Conclusion:

Intravitreal ranibizumab treatment may effectively regress advanced familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with high vascular activity in selected cases. Different treatment outcomes may be relevant to variable presentation and genetic heterogeneity of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy.
EXTERNAL DRAINAGE OF SUBRETINAL FLUID DURING RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR
Authors: Belin Peter J. , Mundae Rusdeep , Tzu Jonathan H. , Chang Emmanuel , Parke David W.
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

To describe the safety and efficacy of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair with external drainage of subretinal fluid using a 28-gauge External Drainage and Depression device (Vortex Surgical, Chesterfield, MO).

Methods:

Retrospective review of patients who underwent primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair with scleral buckle, pars plana vitrectomy, or scleral buckle/pars plana vitrectomy using the drainage device from August 2018 through March 2020, performed by four surgeons at two vitreoretinal practices.

Results:

Eighty-three eyes of 83 patients were included. At presentation, 28% had proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Surgery included 65% scleral buckle/pars plana vitrectomy, 33% pars plana vitrectomy, and 2% scleral buckle. There were no cases of retinal incarceration and two subretinal hemorrhages at the drainage site (both < 2 DD), 2 cases of recurrent RD with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (1 had proliferative vitreoretinopathy at presentation), and 6 (10%) new epiretinal membranes (3 were mild). There were no other complications. Mean follow-up was 274 days. Single operation success rate for those with ≥ 6-month follow-up was 97% (57/59).

Conclusion:

External drainage of subretinal fluid during rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair demonstrated a favorable safety profile with a high single operation success rate. Further study of the role of external drainage in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair is warranted.
Examining attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control in people with and without chronic pain
Authors: BlaisdaleJones Emma , Sharpe Louise , Todd Jemma , MacDougall Hamish , Nicholas Michael , Colagiuri Ben
Published: January 2021

Psychological models of chronic pain (CP) highlight cognitive-processing biases (ie, attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control) as pivotal processes that uniquely and synergistically impact the development and maintenance of CP. Very few studies explore multiple cognitive biases, and no studies have examined these 3 processes together in a CP sample. Furthermore, there is a lack of research investigating the relationship between these cognitive processes and pain-relevant variables (eg, pain intensity and pain catastrophising). The current study aimed to (1) compare attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control in people with and without CP, (2) explore their interrelationships, and (3) explore their association with pain-related variables. Seventy-four participants with CP and 66 without pain volunteered. Participants completed a visual scanning task with eye tracking, a recognition task, and a flanker task. Traditional and Bayesian analysis indicated no effect of pain status on cognitive-processing biases. All participants, regardless of pain status, demonstrated attentional biases towards pain on some indices of early and late attention, but not interpretation bias or attentional control. There was weak evidence of associations between attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control. Pain intensity was significantly correlated with interpretation biases, and follow-up analyses revealed people with high pain intensity demonstrated an interpretation bias towards pain significantly more than those with low pain intensity. Findings suggest that attentional biases towards pain are ubiquitous, but for people with moderate-to-severe pain, interpretation biases may have a role worthy of further research.
Methyltransferase-like 3 contributes to inflammatory pain by targeting TET1 in YTHDF2-dependent manner
Authors: Pan Zhiqiang , Zhang Qi , Liu Xiaodan , Zhou Huimin , Jin Tong , Hao Ling-Yun , Xie Ling , Zhang Ming , Yang Xiao-Xiao , Sun Meng-Lan , Xue Zhou-Ya , Tao Yang , Ye Xin-Chun , Shen Wen , Cao Jun-Li
Published: January 2021

The methyltransferase-like 3 (Mettl3) is a key component of the large N6-adenosine-methyltransferase complex in mammalian responsible for RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, which plays an important role in gene post-transcription modulation. Although RNA m6A is enriched in mammalian neurons, its regulatory function in nociceptive information processing remains elusive. Here, we reported that Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain significantly decreased global m6A level and m6A writer Mettl3 in the spinal cord. Mimicking this decease by knocking down or conditionally deleting spinal Mettl3 elevated the levels of m6A in ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenases 1 (Tet1) mRNA and TET1 protein in the spinal cord, leading to production of pain hypersensitivity. By contrast, overexpressing Mettl3 reversed a loss of m6A in Tet1 mRNA and blocked the CFA-induced increase of TET1 in the spinal cord, resulting in the attenuation of pain behavior. Furthermore, the decreased level of spinal YT521-B homology domain family protein 2 (YTHDF2), an RNA m6A reader, stabilized upregulation of spinal TET1 because of the reduction of Tet1 mRNA decay by the binding to m6A in Tet1 mRNA in the spinal cord after CFA. This study reveals a novel mechanism for downregulated spinal cord METTL3 coordinating with YTHDF2 contributes to the modulation of inflammatory pain through stabilizing upregulation of TET1 in spinal neurons.
Day-to-day hedonic and calming effects of opioids, opioid craving, and opioid misuse among patients with chronic pain prescribed long-term opioid therapy
Authors: Frimerman Leah , Verner Maria , Sirois Amanda , Scott Katherine , Bruneau Alice , Perez Jordi , Shir Yoram , Martel Marc O.
Published: January 2021

Concerns have been raised regarding the misuse of opioids among patients with chronic pain. Although a number of factors may contribute to opioid misuse, research has yet to examine if the hedonic and calming effects that can potentially accompany the use of opioids contribute to opioid misuse. The first objective of this study was to examine the degree to which the hedonic and calming effects of opioids contribute to opioid misuse in patients with chronic pain. We also examined whether the hedonic and calming effects of opioids contribute to patients' daily levels of opioid craving, and whether these associations were moderated by patients' daily levels of pain intensity, catastrophizing, negative affect, or positive affect. In this longitudinal diary study, patients (n = 103) prescribed opioid therapy completed daily diaries for 14 consecutive days. Diaries assessed a host of pain, psychological, and opioid-related variables. The hedonic and calming effects of opioids were not significantly associated with any type of opioid misuse behavior. However, greater hedonic and calming effects were associated with heightened reports of opioid craving (both P's < 0.005). Analyses revealed that these associations were moderated by patients' daily levels of pain intensity, catastrophizing, and negative affect (all P's < 0.001). Results from this study provide valuable new insights into our understanding of factors that may contribute to opioid craving among patients with chronic pain who are prescribed long-term opioid therapy. The implications of our findings for the management of patients with chronic pain are discussed.
Management of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Treated With Extracorporeal Life Support: Interim Guidelines Consensus Statement From the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization
Authors: Guner Yigit , Jancelewicz Tim , Di Nardo Matteo , Yu Peter , Brindle Mary , Vogel Adam M. , Gowda Sharada H. , Grover Theresa R. , Johnston Lindsay , Mahmood Burhan , Gray Brian , Chapman Rachel , Keene Sarah , Rintoul Natalie , Cleary John , Ashrafi Amir H. , Harting Matthew T. ,   for the Elso CDH Interest Group
Published: January 2021

The management of infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) receiving extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is complex. Significant variability in both practice and prevalence of ECLS use exists among centers, given the lack of evidence to guide management decisions. The purpose of this report is to review existing evidence and develop management recommendations for CDH patients treated with ECLS. This article was developed by the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization CDH interest group in cooperation with members of the CDH Study Group and the Children’s Hospitals Neonatal Consortium.
The correlation of long non-coding RNA NEAT1 and its targets microRNA (miR)-21, miR-124, and miR-125a with disease risk, severity, and inflammation of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Wang Rujuan , Xue Sha , Liu Yaquan , Peng Mi , Guo Bei
Published: January 2021

The present study aimed to investigate the correlation of long non-coding RNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (lncRNA NEAT1) with microRNA (miR)-21, miR-124, and miR-125a, and their associations with disease risk, severity, and inflammatory cytokines of allergic rhinitis (AR).

Totally 70 AR patients and 70 non-atopic obstructive snoring patients (as controls) were recruited. Inferior turbinate mucosa samples were collected from all participants for lncRNA NEAT1, its targets (miR-21, miR-124, and miR-125a), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 detection via reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Disease severity of AR patients was assessed using individual nasal symptom score (INSS) and total nasal symptom score (TNSS).

LncRNA NEAT1 was upregulated, while miR-21, miR-124, and miR-125a were downregulated in AR patients compared with controls. Additionally, lncRNA NEAT1, miR-21, and miR-125a displayed good values in differentiating AR patients from controls, while miR-124 could only slightly differentiate AR patients from controls. In AR patients, lncRNA NEAT1 was negatively associated with miR-21 and miR-125a, but not miR-124. However, in controls, no correlation of lncRNA NEAT1 with miR-21, miR-124, or miR-125a was observed. Furthermore, in AR patients, lncRNA NEAT1 was positively, while miR-21 and miR-125a was negatively associated with INSS (rhinorrhea, itching, congestion scores), TNSS and inflammatory cytokines; however, correlation of miR-124 with INSS, TNSS, and inflammatory cytokines was slight.

LncRNA NEAT1 and its targets (miR-21 and miR-125a) present close correlations with disease risk, severity, and inflammation of AR, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for AR assessment.
Comparison of the 1-year survival rate in infants with congenital heart disease diagnosed by prenatal and postnatal ultrasound
Authors: Han Bing , Tang Yi , Qu Xueling , Deng Chuanjun , Wang Xing , Li Jie
Published: January 2021

The impact of prenatal diagnosis on the survival outcome of infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) is still unclear. This study aimed to compare the 1-year survival rate between the prenatally and postnatally diagnosed infants with CHDs.

A single-center population-based retrospective cohort study was performed on data from all infants diagnosed with CHD born between January 1998 and December 2017. Among infants with isolated CHDs, the 1-year Kaplan–Meier survival probabilities for prenatal and postnatal diagnosis were estimated. Cox proportional hazard ratios were adjusted for critical CHD (CCHD) status and gestational age.

A total of 424 (40 prenatally and 384 postnatally) diagnosed infants with CHDs were analyzed. Compared with non-CCHDs, infants with CCHDs were more likely to be prenatally diagnosed (55.0% vs 18.0%; P < .001). Among the 312 infants with isolated CHDs, the 1-year survival rate for the prenatally diagnosed was significantly lower than postnatally diagnosed (77.1% vs 96.1%; P < .001). For isolated CCHDs, the 1-year survival rate for the prenatally diagnosed was significantly lower than postnatally diagnosed (73.4% vs 90.0%; P < .001). The 1-year survival rate was increased with the increase of age at diagnosis. Among infants with isolated CHDs and CCHDs, the adjusted hazard ratios for 1-year mortality rates for the prenatally versus postnatally diagnosed were 2.554 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.790, 3.654; P < .001) and 2.538 (95% CI: 1.796, 3.699; P < .001), respectively.

Prenatal diagnosis is associated with lower 1-year survival rate for infants with isolated CCHDs. This could probably due to variation in the disease severity among the CCHD subtypes.
Efficacy of electroacupuncture for the treatment of asthenozoospermia
Authors: Wu Xinhui , Chen Di’ang , Zhou Yexin , Xia Ting
Published: January 2021

Introduction:

Infertility has affected millions of couples aged 15 to 44 years worldwide. Recently, some studies suggest that abnormal semen quality is the main cause of male infertility and asthenozoospermia accounts for 19% of the infertility of men. The situation has brought a huge burden to the patient with asthenozoospermia and society. Acupuncture is a part of traditional Chinese medicine. Electroacupuncture (EA) has gained in popularity. Although a positive effect of manual acupuncture and EA on sperm parameters has been documented in several studies, there still a lack of more solid evidence. We hope to provide a convincing study for EA.

Methods and analysis:

The electronic databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials. org, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Wan fang Database, China Biology Medicine Database (CBM), VIP Science Technology Periodical Database, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry will be retrieved. All the randomized controlled trials of rESWT for patients with CP/CPPS will be included. We will evaluate the outcomes including NIH-CPSI, VAS, IPSS, IIEF-5, and conduct this study strictly according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Results:

The present study is a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis without results, and data analysis will be carried out after the protocol. We will share our findings on October 31st, 2021.

Conclusions:

EA for asthenospermia is a microtrauma surgery with less pain. EA can effectively improve sperm motility; however, its efficacy has not been assessed scientifically and systematically. To address this limitation, this study will inspect the efficacy and safety of the EA in patients with asthenospermia.

Ethics and dissemination:

Formal ethical approval is not required in this protocol. We will collect and analyze data based on published studies, and since there are no patients involved in this study, individual privacy will not be under concerns. The results of this review will be disseminated to peer-reviewed journals or submit to related conferences.

Protocol registration number:

INPLASY2020100071
Bone marrow stromal cells derived exosomal miR-10a and miR-16 may be involved in progression of patients with multiple myeloma by regulating EPHA8 or IGF1R/CCND1
Authors: Peng Ye , Song Xiaolu , Lan Jianping , Wang Xiaogang , Wang Manling
Published: January 2021

Interaction with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) has been suggested as an important mechanism for the progression of multiple myeloma (MM) cells, while exosomes are crucial mediators for cell-to-cell communication. The study was to investigate the miRNA profile changes in exosomes released by BMSCs of MM patients and explore their possible function roles.

The microarray datasets of exosomal miRNAs in BMSCs were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE110271: 6 MM patients, 2 healthy donors; GSE78865: 4 donors and 2 MM patients; GSE39571: 7 MM patients and 4 controls). The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified using the LIMMA method. The target genes of DEMs were predicted by the miRwalk 2.0 database and the hub genes were screened by constructing the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, module analysis and overlapping with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after overexpression or knockout of miRNAs.

Three downregulated DEMs were found to distinguish MM from normal and MM-MGUS controls in the GSE39571 dataset; one downregulated and one upregulated DEMs (hsa-miR-10a) could differentiate MM from normal and MM-MGUS controls in the GSE110271-GSE78865 merged dataset. Furthermore, 11 downregulated (hsa-miR-16) and 1 upregulated DEMs were shared between GSE39571 and merged dataset when comparing MM with normal samples. The target genes were predicted for these 17 DEMs. PPI with module analysis showed IGF1R and CCND1 were hub genes and regulated by hsa-miR-16. Furthermore, EPHA8 was identified as a DEG that was downregulated in MM cells when the use of has-miR-10a mimics; while IGF1R, CCND1, CUL3, and ELAVL1 were also screened as DEGs that were upregulated in MM cells when silencing of hsa-miR-16.

BMSCs-derived exosomal miR-10a and miR-16 may be involved in MM progression by regulating EPHA8 or IGF1R/CCND1/CUL3/ELAVL1, respectively. These exosomal miRNAs or genes may represent potential biomarkers for diagnosis of MM and prediction of progression and targets for developing therapeutic drugs.
Effects of Baduanjin on glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic patients
Authors: Ma Qiaojun , Li Hanzhang , Gao Yinping , Zou Yalan
Published: January 2021

Background:

Baduanjin is an ancient technique of physical and breathing exercises (Dao Yin). This technique is divided into eight sections and each section is a motion, so it is called “Baduanjin”. It is practice without equipment, simple and easy to learn, whose effect is significant leading to good fitness effect. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease. Clinical studies have reported that Baduanjin can affect the metabolism of blood glucose and blood lipid in diabetic patients, but the reported efficacy is different among different studies. Therefore, the study is aimed to systematically evaluate the size and differences of the impact of Baduanjin on the metabolism of glucose and lipid in diabetic patients.

Methods:

Retrieved randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on effects of Baduanjin on glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic patients from PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI with computer while mutually retrieved the same things from Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR), Google Academic and Baidu Academic. The retrieval time was from their establishment to October 2020. Then 2 researchers independently extracted relevant data and evaluated the quality of the included literatures, and meta-analysis was conducted on the included literatures using RevMan5.3.

Results:

This research used outcome indicators like fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol content and triglyceride content to explore the effect of Baduanjin on glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic patients specifically.

Conclusion:

The research will provide reliable evidence-based proof for Baduanjin improving glucose and lipid metabolism of diabetic patients.

Ethics and dissemination:

Private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also does not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval was not required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated at relevant conferences.

OSF Registration number:

DOI 10.17605/ OSF.IO/AGJHQ.
The comparison of accuracy and practicability between ultrasound and spiral CT in the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction
Authors: Yang Qingya , Zhao Fan , Qi Junfeng , Su Long
Published: January 2021

Background:

Acute abdominal pain is often caused by intestinal obstruction, with high morbidity, and mortality, so that the early diagnosis is particularly important. Currently, both spiral CT and ultrasound are common imaging diagnostic methods. However, the accuracy and practicality of the diagnosis are controversial. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the accuracy and practicality of spiral CT and ultrasound in the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction.

Methods:

Retrieval of English database (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library) and Chinese database (CNKI, WAN FANG, VIP, CBMDISC) by computers. From the establishment of the database to October 2020, a diagnostic experimental study on the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction by ultrasound and spiral CT was conducted. Two researchers independently conducted data extraction and quality evaluation of literature on the included studies, and Meta Disc1.4 and RevMan5.3 were used for meta-analysis on the included literature.

Results:

Sensitivity, specificity, po-sitive Likelihood ratio, NE-Gative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio and other indicators were used to determine the diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound and helical CT.

Conclusion:

This study is aimed at providing an evidence-based basis for clinicians to choose an appropriate or optimal diagnostic method by comparison of the accuracy and practicality between spiral CT and ultrasound in the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction.

Ethics and dissemination:

The private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also will not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval is not required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.

OSF Registration number:

DOI 10.17605/ OSF.IO / Q5RNS.
Quantitative liver surface nodularity score based on imaging for assessment of early cirrhosis in patients with chronic liver disease
Authors: He Yuhao , Yan Yujia , Zhang Sunfu
Published: January 2021

Background:

Early stage of cirrhosis is of great value in the diagnosis and management in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Recent studies have shown that quantitative liver surface nodularity (LSN) score based on imaging techniques can be used to predict the early cirrhosis stage noninvasively, with varied diagnostic accuracy and limited sample size. Hence, this study will evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of LSN in the prediction of early cirrhosis.

Methods:

We will conduct a comprehensive search in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese biomedical databases to identify eligible studies. The literature screening, data extraction, data analysis, and quality assessment will then be carried out. The summary receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) and pooled sensitivity, specificity will be calculated to summarize the diagnostic performance of LSN using a random-effect model. A meta-regression analysis will be performed to investigate the underlying cause of the heterogeneity.

Results:

This study will evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of LSN score in the identification of early cirrhosis, which may further determine whether this method can be used as an alternative in the assessment of CLD patients.

Conclusions:

This study will help to determine the diagnostic accuracy and summarize the recent evidence on this issue.

Study registration:

INPLASY2020100096.
Feasibility of segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis for mild- to moderate-degree breast cancer-related lymphedema
Authors: Kim Woo-Jin , Jo Geun-Yeol , Park Ji-Ho , Do Hwan-Kwon
Published: January 2021

Segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (s-MFBIA) has been adopted recently to evaluate the volume of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). This procedure uses the segmental phase angle (s-PhA) as an indicator of cellular integrity. In the smaller-built Asian population, the BCRL often has a small volume difference and can be overlooked by tape circumference volume measurement (TVM). This study aimed to investigate the clinical feasibility of s-MFBIA for the assessment of lymphedema severity compared with TVM and evaluate the association between lymphedema severity and cellular integrity of the affected arm based on s-PhA values for a patient with mild- to moderate-degree BCRL.

Segmental PhA and extracellular water (ECW)/total body water (TBW) ratio of bilateral arms were measured using InBody S10, an s-MFBIA device, in 128 BCRL patients. Inter-limb volume ratio was measured using TVM. The inter-limb ECW/TBW ratio was correlated with inter-limb volume ratio. Inter-limb ECW/TBW ratio and inter-limb volume ratio were then correlated with inter-limb PhA ratio to demonstrate the association between lymphedema severity and arm cellular integrity.

The inter-limb ECW/TBW ratio and inter-limb volume ratio were positively correlated (r = 0.654, P < .001). The same result was obtained after adjusting for age, body mass index, postoperative survival, and duration of lymphedema (r = 0.636, 0.653, 0.652, and 0.648, P < .001). The inter-limb PhA ratio demonstrated significant negative correlation with inter-limb ECW/TBW ratio and inter-limb volume ratio (r = −0.896, −0.562, P < .001).

s-MFBIA has high consistency with the conventional TVM method, and its relation to cellular integrity by segmental PhA enables better understanding of the cellular state of the affected limb in mild- to moderate-degree BCRL. Therefore, it is clinically feasible for severity assessment and monitoring of mild- to moderate-degree BCRL in smaller-built Asian patients.
Comparison of clinical and radiographic results between total knee arthroplasties using medial pivot and posterior-stabilized prosthesis
Authors: Sun Xuedong , Gao Xiaopeng , Sun Xiaohui , Su Zheng
Published: January 2021

Objective:

To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of total knee arthroplasties (TKA) between using medial-pivot (MP) and posterior-stabilized (PS) prosthesis. Does MP prosthesis and PS prosthesis influence the clinical results of a TKA?

Methods:

An electronic literature search of PubMed Medline and the Cochrane Library was performed from inception to October 1, 2019. A meta-analysis to compare postoperative outcomes of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, Knee Society Score (KSS), range of motion (ROM), complications, and radiographic results between MP and PS prosthesis were conducted.

Results:

Seven eligible studies involving 934 adult patients (MP group, n = 461; PS group, n = 473) were identified for analysis. This study showed no significant difference between the 2 groups in the WOMAC scores, KSS, ROM, and complications (P > .05). The differences of the femorotibial angle, position of implant, and patellar tilt were also not significant between the 2 groups (P > .05).

Conclusion:

The present meta-analysis has shown that patients with the MP prosthesis have similar clinical results as patients with PS prosthesis. Furthermore, the radiographic results, especially patella tilt angle, were also similar between the 2 groups. Therefore, surgeons should be aware that the types of prostheses are not a decisive factor to ensure successful operation.
First-degree family history of prostate cancer is associated the risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer
Authors: Zheng QiongFei , Ying Qinli , Ren ZhengJu , Zhang Qin , Lu DongLiang , Wang HongBai , Wei WuRan
Published: January 2021

The evidence for associations between family history of prostate cancer and the risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer is inconclusive. The first systematic review and meta-analysis of studies was conducted to assess the risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer associated with a family history of prostate cancer.

A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase and Web of science databases up to January 31, 2019. Data were screened and extracted independently by 2 reviewers. The pooled risk ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random-effects models. The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of evidence.

Nine observational studies including 8,011,625 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that family history of prostate cancer in first-degree relatives was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (RR 1.12, 95%CI 1.09 to 1.14) with moderate quality evidence, subgroup analysis showed consistent results. Compared with no family history of prostate cancer, history of prostate cancer in first-degree relatives was associated with a slight risk of ovarian cancer (1.10, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.20) with moderate quality evidence. Family history of prostate cancer among sibling was associated with a 17% increased risk of ovarian cancer (95% CI 1.03 to 1.34), however, no significant association was found between family history of prostate cancer among parent and risk of ovarian cancer (RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.70).

This review demonstrates that women with a family history of prostate cancer in first-degree relatives was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer. These findings may aid in screening, earlier detection and treatment of women with a family history of prostate cancer in first-degree relatives.
Clinical control study of traditional Chinese medicine hot compress combined with traction in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy
Authors: Ding Xing , Wu Jinze , Shen Qixing , Xu Jinhai , Mo Wen
Published: January 2021

Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) is the most common type of cervical spondylosis, accounting for about 60% of the incidence of cervical spondylosis. Both cervical traction and traditional Chinese medicine hot compress are common and effective treatment for CSR. This study will be performed to investigate the effect of a combination of cervical traction and traditional Chinese medicine hot compress on CSR. In this non-blinded, randomized controlled trial, 100 eligible patients will be randomly divided into a treatment group (intermittent cervical traction combines with traditional Chinese medicine hot compress) and a control group (intermittent cervical traction combined with hot compresses). Before and after the intervention, the Visual Analog Scale score, Neck Disability Index score, and 20-score scale of symptoms will be evaluated at baseline and at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. During the treatment period, any signs of acute adverse events, such as paralysis of aggravated pain, nausea, dizzy, and even syncope, will be recorded at each visit. Although intermittent cervical traction and traditional Chinese medicine hot compress have been used in the treatment of CSR in China for many years, there is no consensus on its effectiveness of combination therapy. This experiment will provide convincing evidence of the efficacy of intermittent cervical traction combined with traditional Chinese medicine hot compress in the treatment of CSR.
Effectiveness and safety of pure acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Tang Yani , Cao Zhiliang , Xia Yun , Liu Yinghan , Zhang Wei
Published: January 2021

Background:

Infantile cerebral palsy refers to brain damage in infants and young children during their development, causing brain dysfunction, mainly manifested as dyskinesia, which may be complicated by mental retardation, epilepsy, and bone and joint developmental disorders. Clinical practice shows that acupuncture can effectively treat children with cerebral palsy, but it needs to be proven. This research will systematically evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy, and provide evidence-based evidence for it.

Method:

Search the following databases, including CNKI, WANFANG, China Biomedical Database, VIP, PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science. The retrieval time is from the establishment of the databases to October 2020, collecting all clinical randomized controlled studies of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of children with cerebral palsy. Two investigators independently extract and evaluate the data of the included studies, and use RevMan V.5.3 software to conduct meta-analysis of the included literature.

Result:

This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy through indicators such as Gross Motor Function Measure Scale, the Modified Ashworth Scale, and so on.

Conclusion:

This study will provide reliable evidence-based evidence for the clinical application of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy.

Ethics and dissemination:

Private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also does not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval was not required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated at relevant conferences.

OSF Registration number:

DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/7GUF5
Efficacy and safety of massage in the treatment of poststroke depression
Authors: Shen Yu , Nie Qiurui , Zhang Yajing , Xu Lijun
Published: January 2021

Background:

Poststroke depression (PSD) is a severe problem; it will significantly increase the mortality of patients after stroke, and affect the quality of life of patients after discharge. For stroke patients without noticeable adverse reactions, massage can effectively improve the patient's mood, thereby treating poststroke depression. But so far, there is still no systematic research to provide reliable evidence that massage can effectively treat poststroke depression. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to comprehensively summarize and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of massage therapy for poststroke depression.

Methods:

We conduct a detailed search regardless of publication grade and language status. The search databases include the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library search, EMBASE, PubMed, CNKI, Chinese biomedical literature database, Chongqing VIP, and Wanfang. All randomized controlled trials and cohort studies on massage therapy for poststroke depression are published, as of November 15, 2020. The team consists of 2 experienced researchers who will select the retrieved documents and extract data. Later they used RevMan V.5.3 software for data analysis and data synthesis.

Results:

The effectiveness and safety of massage therapy intended for poststroke depression will be subject to a systematic evaluation under this program.

Conclusion:

It will be substantiated in this review whether massage therapy is a reliable intervention for poststroke depression by examining the evidence collected.

INPLASY registration number:

INPLASY2020110085.