bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Bahasa Melayu dalam Bahasa Dusun Brunei
Authors: Mohd Yusof Mohd Norazmie , Haji Mahali Saidatul Nornis
Published: December 2023

Puak Dusun dikenali dengan nama Sang Jati merupakan salah satu daripada tujuh puak jati di Negara Brunei Darussalam. Puak Dusun Brunei mempunyai bahasanya yang tersendiri dan masih dipraktikkan oleh sebahagian masyarakat Dusun sehingga hari ini. Namun begitu, ramai yang tidak menyedari bahasa Dusun di Brunei telah dipengaruhi oleh bahasa Melayu Brunei. Kajian mengenai isu tersebut agak kurang diberikan perhatian. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti pengaruh bahasa Melayu dalam bahasa Dusun dan mengenal pasti punca pengaruh tersebut. Terdapat tiga aspek linguistik yang disentuh untuk melihat pengaruh bahasa Melayu, iaitu ejaan bahasa Dusun, fonologi bahasa Dusun dan imbuhan bahasa Dusun. Bahan kajian utama ialah kosa kata bahasa Dusun yang direkodkan dalam tesis Yabit (1994) yang bertajuk The Recostruction of Pre-Dusun and the Classification of its Decendents.; buku Daftar Leksikal 7 Dialek Brunei Darussalam (2011); Kamus Sang Jati Dusun (2014) serta; leksikal bahasa Dusun. Kosa kata berkenaan dibandingkan dengan aspek linguistik bahasa Melayu Brunei. Pengaruh terhadap bahasa Dusun yang dibincangkan termasuklah faktor bahasa serumpun, sistem pendidikan, perpindahan puak Dusun, sosial dan ekonomi. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pengetahuan tambahan mengenai bahasa etnik di Brunei dan meningkatkan kesedaran masyarakat Dusun mengenai bahasa mereka yang terkesan oleh pengaruh bahasa Melayu.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DAN KEPEMIMPINAN: SEBUAH TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS
Authors: Sintya Rani , Wardi Yunia , Thaib Ilham
Published: December 2023

Emotional intelligence (EQ) has become an interesting topic in leadership research because of its ability to influence the performance and effectiveness of a leader. This systematic review aims to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership by analyzing the relevant literature. In this review, researchers conducted a literature search through different databases and selected studies that met the inclusion criteria. After going through the selection process, an analysis was conducted of the relevant articles to identify the main findings. The findings from this review indicate a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership. Emotional intelligence plays an important role in developing and enhancing effective leadership. Emotional intelligence can help leaders make better decisions, communicate more effectively, build good relationships with team members, and handle conflicts better. This has a positive impact on the performance of individuals and groups led by leaders who have high emotional intelligence.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP DEBITUR PADA LAYANAN PINJAMAN UANG BERBASIS FINANSIAL TEKNOLOGI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA
Authors: Paturochman Iwan Ridwan , Hayati Jurni , Sani Ageng Asmara
Published: December 2023

This research is motivated by the existence of problems in society that are difficult to solve. On the one hand, the community's economic downturn has resulted in them looking at other types of illegal loans. On the other hand, fintech actors take advantage of the situation and conditions of society so that they are trapped by debts and receivables with abnormal interest. Collection methods that are beyond humane limits are disturbing the people who use these loans. Therefore, the author must carry out further studies regarding legal protection for debtors who use illegal online money lending services. The aim of this research is to analyze and examine legal protection for debtors in illegal online money lending services. To analyze and study the legal settlement process undertaken by debtors in Illegal Online money lending services. The method used is normative juridical. The normative juridical approach method is a legal research technique that involves examining library materials (secondary data) using a statutory approach, namely an approach that uses statutory regulations which are useful as a research medium. Apart from that, it uses a conceptual approach, which requires legal concepts as a starting point for research into current legal problems.
Kinematic analysis of the basketball jump shot with increasing shooting distance: comparison between experienced and non-experienced players
Authors: Caseiro André , França Cíntia , Faro Ana , Branquinho Gomes Beatriz
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Basketball jump shot success is determined mainly by the height, velocity, and angle of ball release. To achieve a successful shot, these variables need to be adjusted according to the player’s position on the court. This study aims to identify the changes in kinematics variables of the basketball jump shot with an increasing shooting distance performed by players with varying skill levels.

Methods

Seventeen male subjects, divided into experienced (N = 9), and non-experienced (N = 8) players, performed three successful jump shots from the free-throw line (4.23 m) and the 3-point line (6.75 m). All attempts were recorded at 120 Hz with a camera perpendicular to the sagittal plane, and the kinematics variables were calculated using Tracker software.

Results

The increase in shooting distance shows a decrease in height and angle of ball release. In contrast, the velocity of ball release increased for both groups at longer distances. Experienced players present a higher mean value of the height of ball release in both distances, which allowed a lower velocity of ball release.

Conclusions

The most meaningful improvement for players training the jump shot technique, is to increase the release height of the ball, jumping higher and shooting the ball near the peak of the jump.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D-printed dental Co-Cr alloys, produced by selective laser melting
Authors: Cherneva Sabina , Petrunov Vladimir , Petkov Vladimir , Bogdanov Vladimir , Simeonova Silviya
Published: December 2023

Purpose

The aim of present work was to investigate microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D printed by selective laser melting (SLM) Co- Cr alloys, intended for additive manufacturing in dentistry.

Methods

A scanning electron microscope (SEM), equipped with an integrated Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) system was used for investigation of the surface morphology and elemental composition of the 3D- printed Co-Cr sample. The X-ray structural analysis of the 3D - printed Co-Cr sample was made with a Bruker D8 Advance powder X-ray diffractometer. An Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used for investigation of the surface topography of the sample. Tensile test, a three-point bending test, and nanoindentation experiments were used for investigation of mechanical properties of the 3D-printed Co-Cr sample.The influence of two different strain rates (1 mm/min and 60 mm/min) on the flexural strength was investigated as well.

Results

Higher values of indentation hardness (6.76 GPa), tensile strength (1016 MPa), yield strength (636.5 MPa) and flexural strength (1908 and 1891 MPa) of the produced by selective laser melting Co-Cr alloys have been obtained compared to cast Co-Cr and Cr-Ni alloys. It was found that increasing the strain rate from 1 mm/min to 60 mm/min caused a proportional increase in recorded flexural strength of ~0.9%.

Conclusions

The obtained results showed that the laser-sintered Co-Cr alloy can fully replace the cast Co-Cr alloy in dentistry, regards as of its good mechanics properties, as well as the high precision of the final product.
Wavelet analysis of the EMG signal to assess muscle fatigue in the lower extremities during symmetric movement on a rowing ergometer
Authors: Daniel Natalia , Małachowski Jerzy
Published: December 2023

Purpose

The aim of this publication is to propose a methodology to determine changes in fatigue in selected muscle groups of the lower extremity during dynamic and cyclical motion performed on a rowing ergometer. The study aims to use the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to analyze electromyographic signals (EMG) recorded during diagnostic assessment of muscle and peripheral nerve electrical activity (electroneurography) using an electromyography device (EMG).

Methods

The analysis involved implementing calculations such as mean frequency (MNF) and median frequency (MDF) using the reconstructed EMG signal through DWT. The study examined the efficacy of DWT analysis in assessing muscle fatigue after physical exertion.

Results

The study obtained a negative regression coefficient for DWT analysis in all muscles except for the right gastrocnemius (GAS). The results suggest that DWT analysis can be an effective tool for evaluating muscle fatigue after physical exertion.

Conclusions

The use of DWT in the analysis of EMG signals during rowing ergometer exercises has shown promising results in assessing muscle fatigue. However, additional investigations are necessary to confirm and expand these findings. This publication addresses the literature gap on the determination of muscle fatigue considering motion analysis on a rowing ergometer using the discrete wavelet transform. Previous studies have extensively compared and analyzed methods such as the Fourier transform (FFT), short-time Fourier transform (STFT), and wavelet transform (WT) for muscle fatigue analysis. However, no previous work has specifically examined the assessment of muscle fatigue by incorporating DWT analysis with motion analysis on a rowing ergometer.
Are the mechanical properties of Achilles tendon Altered in CrossFit athletes? Reliability and accuracy of myotonometry
Authors: Szajkowski Sebastian , Pasek Jarosław , Dwornik Michał , Zajączkowski Mateusz , Cieślar Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Tendons adapt to loads affecting them, by changing tendons’ mechanical and morphological properties. The aim of the study has been to investigate the influence of involvement in sport activities in the form of CrossFit training by individuals of different age upon the mechanical properties of Achilles tendon.

Methods

231 persons participated in the study. One group consisted of subjects who train CrossFit as amateurs, the other group comprised subjects who were not physically active. Achilles tendon was studied for various positions of the ankle joint: 0° DF/PF, 10° DF, 20° DF, 20° PF and 40° PF. The following mechanical and viscoelastic tendon properties were measured using MyotonPRO: frequency [Hz], stiffness [N/m], decrement [log], relaxation time [ms] and creep [De]. The results have been compared in reference to physical activity, BMI, age, and length of training history.

Results

Both the tension and stiffness increased with degree of Achilles tendon stretching and decreased as it contracted. Higher values have been noted in the group of people in training and with higher BMI values. The elasticity of Achilles tendon decreased with plantar flexion increase. Lower elasticity has been recorded in the group in training and with higher BMI. No significant influence of age and length of training history upon the parameters achieved has been noted.

Conclusions

The specificity of Crossfit training and accompanying mechanical load result in development of adaptation changes in Achilles tendon, in the form of its higher tone/tension and stiffness, as well as lower elasticity.
Numerical analysis of the effects of canal wall‐up and canal wall‐down mastoidectomy on the sound transmission characteristics of human ears
Authors: Peihan Liu  , Jin Wan  , Wen Liu  , Yu Zhao  , Shanshan Yan  , Wen Jiang  , Houguang Liu
Published: December 2023

Purpose

The aim of this work was to study the effect of canal wall-up (CWU) and canal wall-down (CWD) and mastoid obliteration in conjunction with CWD (CWD-MO) mastoidectomy on the sound transmission characteristics of the human ear.

Methods

Three mastoidectomy surgical methods, CWU, CWD and CWD-MO, were simulated on the freshly dissected cadaver heads. Then, the finite element (FE) models corresponding to these surgical methods were established by micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and reverse engineering technology, and the accuracy of the models was verified. Finally, the FE Models were used to analyze the effects of different surgical methods on the sound transmission characteristics of the human ear.

Results

For CWU, since the integrity of the outer wall of the ear canal is ensured, the sound pressure (SP) gain of the ear canal and the stapes footplate displacement (FPD) gain after this operation are close to normal values. For CWD, due to severe damage to the outer wall of the ear canal, a negative gain of the ear canal SP occurs in the high-frequency range, and the resonance frequency is significantly reduced. For CWD-MO, the frequency range of SP negative gain in the ear canal is reduced due to the addition of fillers in the ear canal to reduce the degree of damage, and the resonance frequency is increased compared to CWD.

Conclusions

The impact of three types of mastoidectomy, including CWU, CWD, and CWD-MO, on the sound transmission characteristics of the human ear after surgery is relatively small.
Effect of pulse laser treatment at different process variables on mechanical behavior of carbon nanotubes electrophoretically deposited on titanium alloy
Authors: Majkowska-Marzec Beata , Staszewski Kacper , Sypniewska Joanna
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Titanium and its alloys are widely used as biomaterials for long-term implants, but they are usually surface-modified due to their weak bioactivity and wear resistance. Laser processing was used to modify the surface layer, and elemental carbon was a component of the deposited coatings. This research aims to use a combination of both methods based on preliminary electrophoretic deposition of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNCTs) followed by pulse laser treatment. Carbon nanotubes were chosen due to their mechanical and chemical stability as well as their tubular shape, resulting in enhanced mechanical properties of laser-modified layers.

Methods

The pulse laser power and laser scanning speed were defined as variable process parameters. The microstructure, roughness Ra, nanohardness H, Young`s modulus E, and indent depth values were measured, and the H/E, H3/E2, and relative changes of all these values in comparison to MWCNTs-coated and non-coated surfaces, were calculated.

Results

The obtained results show that the best mechanical properties of MWCNTs-coated and laser-treated specimens are obtained at a laser power of 900 W and laser feed of 6 mm/s. The observed relations can be explained considering processes occurring on the surface such as deposition of carbon nanotubes, melting and re-crystallization of the surface layer, formation and possible partial decomposition of titanium carbides, and associated changes in local chemical composition, phase composition, and a level of residual stresses beneath the surface.

Conclusions

The developed process can substitute the time and money-consuming carbonization of titanium and its alloys.
Neither Led Nor Driven
Authors: Moore Brian L. , Johnson Michele A.
Published: December 2023

This superbly written book examines the cultural evolution of the Jamaican people after the explosive uprising at Morant Bay in 1865. It offers an analysis of the cultural tapestry fashioned by the Jamaican people and the specific methods used by British imperial legislators and the cultural elite in the attempt to inculcate order and control and to build a new society in Jamaica founded on the principles of Victorian Christian morality and British imperial ideology. Moore and Johnson convincingly demonstrate that this attempt resulted in a sustained attack on everything that was perceived to be of African origin and the glorification of Christian piety, Victorian mores, and a Eurocentric “idealized” family life and social hierarchies. They discuss, in rich detail, the levels of engagement among the cultural traditions and argue compellingly that the Jamaican people, despite encouragement and pressure, were determined to define their own cultural paths; they would neither be led, nor would they be driven. “This is an impressive volume, cogently argued, limpid in the clarity of the writing and solidly based on a mastery of a wide range of relevant sources. It is a major contribution to the history of Jamaica, to the cultural history of the Caribbean and to the history of blacks throughout the African diaspora.”—Howard Johnson, University of Delaware.
Obeah, Race and Racism
Authors: O'Neal Eugenia
Published: December 2023

In Obeah, Race and Racism, Eugenia O’Neal vividly discusses the tradition of African magic and witchcraft, traces its voyage across the Atlantic and its subsequent evolution on the plantations of the New World, and provides a detailed map of how English writers, poets and dramatists interpreted it for English audiences. The triangular trade in guns and baubles, enslaved Africans and gold, sugar and cotton was mirrored by a similar intellectual trade borne in the reports, accounts and stories that fed the perceptions and prejudices of everyone involved in the slave trade and no subject was more fascinating and disconcerting to Europeans than the religious beliefs of the people they had enslaved. Indeed, African magic made its own triangular voyage; starting from Africa, Obeah crossed the Atlantic to the Caribbean, then journeyed back across the ocean, in the form of traveller’s narratives and plantation reports, to Great Britain where it was incorporated into the plots of scores of books and stories which went on to shape and form the world view of explorers and colonial officials in Britain’s far-flung empire. O’Neal examines what British writers knew or thought they knew about Obeah and discusses how their perceptions of black people were shaped by their perceptions of Obeah. Translated or interpreted by racist writers as a devil-worshipping religion, Obeah came to symbolize the brutality, savagery and superstition in which blacks were thought to be immured by their very race. For many writers, black belief in Obeah proved black inferiority and justified both slavery and white colonial domination. The English reading public became generally convinced that Obeah was evil and that blacks were, at worst, devil worshippers or, at best, extremely stupid and credulous. And because books and stories on Obeah continued to promulgate either of the two prevailing perspectives, and sometimes both together until at least the 1950s, theories of black inferiority continue to hold sway in Great Britain today.
Roots of Descent Polynomials and an Algebraic Inequality on Hook Lengths
Authors: Jiradilok Pakawut , McConville Thomas
Published: December 2023

By reinterpreting the descent polynomial as a function enumerating standard Young tableaux of a ribbon shape, we use Naruse's hook-length formula to express the descent polynomial as a product of two polynomials: one is a trivial part which is a product of linear factors, and the other comes from the excitation factor of Naruse's formula. We expand the excitation factor positively in a Newton basis which arises naturally from Naruse's formula. Under this expansion, each coefficient is the weight of a certain combinatorial object, which we introduce in this paper. We introduce and prove the "Slice and Push Inequality", which compares the weights of such combinatorial objects. As a consequence, we establish a proof of a conjecture by Diaz-Lopez et al. that bounds the roots of descent polynomials.
Powersum Bases in Quasisymmetric Functions and Quasisymmetric Functions in Non-Commuting Variables
Authors: Lazzeroni Anthony
Published: December 2023

We introduce a new powersum basis for the Hopf algebra of quasisymmetric functions that refines the powersum symmetric basis. Unlike the quasisymmetric powersums of types 1 and 2, our basis is defined combinatorially: its expansion in quasisymmetric monomial functions is given by fillings of matrices. This basis has a shuffle product, a deconcatenate coproduct, and has a change of basis rule to the quasisymmetric fundamental basis by using tuples of ribbons. We lift our quasisymmetric powersum P basis to the Hopf algebra of quasisymmetric functions in non-commuting variables by introducing fillings with disjoint sets. This new basis has a shifted shuffle product and a standard deconcatenate coproduct, and certain basis elements agree with the fundamental basis of the Malvenuto-Reutenauer Hopf algebra of permutations. Finally we discuss how to generalize these bases and their properties by using total orders on indices.
Advanced Frequency Study of Thick FGM Cylindrical Shells by Using TSDT and Nonlinear Shear
Authors: Hong C.C.
Published: December 2023

For the advanced frequency study of thick functionally graded material (FGM) circular cylindrical shells, it is interesting to consider the extra effects of nonlinear coefficient term in third-order shear deformation theory (TSDT) of displacements on the calculation of varied shear correction coefficient. The formulation for the advanced nonlinear shear correction coefficient are based on the energy equivalence principle. The values of nonlinear shear correction coefficient are usually functions of nonlinear coefficient term of TSDT, power-law exponent parameter and environment temperature. The free vibration frequencies of thick FGM circular cylindrical shells are investigated with the simply homogeneous equation by considering that simultaneous effects of the TSDT, the nonlinear shear correction coefficient of transverse shear force and the two direction of mode shapes. The novelty is more important and reasonable for the thick FGM circular cylindrical shells, especially for the ratio of length to thickness is five by considering the effects of advanced nonlinear shear correction coefficient and nonlinear coefficient term of TSDT on the advanced calculation of fundamental first natural frequencies.
Musculoskeletal Disorders Risk Levels in Tofu Workers in North Aceh: An Ergonomic Assessment
Authors: Erliana Cut Ita , Hasanuddin Iskandar , Away Yuwaldi , Ghazilla Raja Ariffin Raja
Published: December 2023

Tofu is a soy-based food that is popular in Indonesia. One of the supporting factors is that it has high nutritional value and low price. Tofu is produced by micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in all provinces in Indonesia, including in the region of Aceh. Based on the results of observations, the tofu production process still predominantly uses human labor, starting from the washing process to the cutting process. This activity is carried out every day with a high repetition rate. If this is allowed to happen for a long time, workers will be exposed to the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. This study uses the Cornell Musculoskeletal Disorders (CMDQ) questionnaire to assess the workers' work posture and determine the level of occupational hazard risk using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. The results of the distribution of questionnaires show that the body parts that experienced pain complaints were the shoulder (right dan left), upper back, upper arm (right and left), lower back, forearm (right and left), also wrist (right and left). It happens in the filtering process. The results of the assessment of work posture with the REBA method show the score of work posture in the filtering process is 13, which means that the filtering posture of workers has a very high risk and must be improved immediately.  The present research recommended additional intervention that includes engineering and administrative control methods for reducing those workers' complaints of muscle pain.
Influence of the Author’s Method of Vibroacoustic Massage with Singing Bowls on the Results of Stabilometry
Authors:   The Urals State University of Physical Culture, Oguy Viktor O. , Sazonova Elena A. , Bykov Evgeniy V.
Published: December 2023

In the human population, statokinetic stability disorders are extremely common, although in the vast majority of cases they do not manifest themselves clinically. Such disorders can occur in the pathologies of the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as vestibular and musculoskeletal systems. In recent years, researchers have turned their attention to vibroacoustic massage with singing bowls as one of the methods used to improve the physiological functions of the human body. Of interest is the effect produced by vibroacoustic waves on the balance function, which is partly regulated by the vestibular system. A convenient, safe and objective way to assess the balance function is stabilometry, whose main parameters (length and area of the statokinesiogram, work, and centre of pressure sway velocity) directly reflect a person’s ability to keep the centre of mass in a relatively stable state. The purpose of this article was to study the influence of the author’s method of vibroacoustic massage with singing bowls on statokinetic stability, presented by stabilometric parameters. Materials and methods. The research was performed from November 2019 to March 2020 at the Urals State University of Physical Culture (Chelyabinsk). The subjects (n = 22) underwent a course of procedures according to the author’s method of vibroacoustic massage with singing bowls performed in line with the protocol of the state patent RU2687006C1 (author: Viktor O. Oguy). Stabilometric parameters were assessed before the course, immediately after the course and two weeks after the course using the ST-150 system (OOO Mera-TSP, Moscow) in the standard Romberg’s test and the combined Target Test. Results. It was established that this course of vibroacoustic massage with singing bowls provides a lasting improvement in energy efficiency index of posture control under complicated conditions as well as a temporary improvement in the balance function, which is manifested in increased statokinesiogram length and centre of pressure sway velocity in the Target Test with a fixed target.
Experimental Methods of Studying the Neurophysiological Features of Esports Players (Review)
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Pavlov Andrey F. , Pyatin Vasiliy F. , Myakisheva Yuliya V. , Gromova Dar՚ya S.
Published: December 2023

Electronic sports (esports) is a form of competition using video games. Competitions in esports help to develop cognitive skills, abstract thinking, memory, spatial thinking and the ability to navigate the virtual space under time pressure. In this regard, neurophysiological mechanisms implementing and regulating physiological processes when playing esports are a promising topic of research. According to L.P. Matveyev’s classification (2017), esports belongs to the fifth group of sports activities, which is characterized by applying abstract logic under decreased motor activity. Computer games stimulate the development of cognitive functions, such as reaction time, speed of decision making, attention, hand coordination and others, which suggests that the psycho-emotional and psycho-physiological parameters in esports players are similar to those in other athletes. However, it should be noted that the neurophysiological mechanisms of these processes in esports players have been little studied. Since these mechanisms are based on the activity of the central nervous system, it is interesting to consider the bioelectric activity of the cerebral hemispheres in esports players in relation to their cognitive style. In the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar electronic libraries as well as a number of Russian scientific databases, the authors entered the following search queries: video games, video game addiction, esports, cognitive functions, neurophysiology of esports players, neurophysiological research methods in esports, non-invasive research methods. Based on the literature analysis, methods were identified that allow us to assess the functional state of the brain when processing sensory signals and physiological changes in higher nervous activity as well as to determine peak amplitude of muscle force through signal integration. Further, methods demonstrating controversial results are listed, which do not make it possible to establish the mechanisms of the nervous system. In addition, promising methods are identified that allow us to read brain activity using infrared light.
The information and legal provision of special information operations
Authors: VERHOLIAS O.
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes the role and place of the information phase of the special information operations (on the example of Operation “Gulchatay” of the “Peacemaker” Center) in the general algorithm for carrying out special information operations, as well as the current state and problems of legal regulation of special information operations at the present stage.
2023 China Alzheimer’s disease: facts and figures
Authors: Xiao Jinwen , Li Jianping , Wang Jintao , Zhang Xingyu , Wang Cong , Peng Guoping , Hu Hua , Liu Huayan , Liu Jun , Shen Lu , Zhang Nan , Yan Ning , Ma Qinying , Xu Wanzhong , Liao Zhengluan , Ren Rujing , Wang Mingwei , Yu Enyan , Tian Jinzhou , Wang Huali , Sun Yong’an , Xie Hengge , Wang Gang
Published: December 2023

In China, the aging population and the increasing incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias have emerged as major medical concerns. Extensive research and new technologies on AD have provided possibilities for early intervention, including emerging biomarkers for detection and new drugs with disease-modifying therapy. This report includes a large amount of facts and figures to describe the understanding of patients and their families about the disease, discuss the problems they encounter in the current medical environment, and outline potential difficulties in clinical diagnosis and treatment status. Furthermore, people’s concerns, the overall effect on caregivers, and the development of AD treatment are presented in this report. Overall, to increase public awareness of the disease, this report suggests early detection, screening, and intervention for AD while calling on all sectors to work together to help AD patients.
ТАРАЗ ЖӘНЕ ШЫМКЕНТ ПОПУЛЯЦИЯСЫНА ЖАТАТЫН ТҮЙЕЛЕРДІҢ ГЕНЕТИКАЛЫҚ ӘРТҮРЛІГІН ISSR-PCR МАРКЕРЛЕРІ НЕГІЗІНДЕ САЛЫСТЫРМАЛЫ ТАЛДАУ
Authors: Шәлтенбай Гулфайруз , Амандыкова Мақпал , Қапасұлы Тілек , Бекманов Бақытжан , Досыбаев Кайрат , Уалиева Дания
Published: December 2023

Бұл зерттеу жұмысында Қазақстандағы Шымкент және Тараз Camelus dromedarius және Camelus bactrianus түйелер популяцияларының генетикалық әртүрлілігіне ISSR-PCR маркерлерін қолдану арқылы талдау жүргізілді. Нәтижесінде (AG)9C праймері бойынша ұзындығы 200, 320, 370, 430, 580 және 700 ж.н. тұратын фрагменттер анықталды. Ал (GA)9C праймері негізінде алынған ампликондардың ұзындығы 300, 350 және 430 ж.н. тең болды. Шымкент популяциясы түйелерінде полиморфты локустар саны 9 және осыған орай полиморфты локустардың аллельдік көрсеткіші 77,78% құрады. Тараз популяциясы түйелерінің полиморфты локустары бойынша аллельдік көрсеткіші 33,3% тең болды. Екі популяция бойынша зерттеуге іріктелген түйелерде бақыланатын аллельдер саны (Na) орташа есеппен 1,38 құрады, аллельдердің эффективті саны (Nе) 1,47, Nеi бойынша генетикалық әртүрлілік (Н) 0,25 және Шеннон индексі (I) 0,36 тең болды. Полиморфты локустардың орташа аллельдік көрсеткіші екі популяция бойынша 55,56% құрады. Алынған нәтижелерге сүйенсек, жұмыс барысында қолданылған екі маркер зерттеуге алынған түйе популяцияларының генетикалық әртүрлілігін бағалауда ақпараттылыққа ие екенін көрсетті. Сонымен қатар зерттелген екі түйе популяцияларының бір-біріненен генетикалық әртүрлілігі бойынша ерекшеленетіндігі анықталды.
HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN JAJAN DAN PENDAPATAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP STATUS GIZI PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DI SDN 7 LAWA KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT TAHUN 2023
Authors: Eli Etin Rahmaniar , Yuniar Nani , Meliahsari Renni
Published: December 2023

Abstrak

Status gizi merupakan salah satu komponen penting dari perkembangan kesehatan yang dapat berhubungan dengan perkembangan anak. Masalah gizi pada anak usia sekolah dasar masih sangat besar hingga saat ini. Persentase status gizi anak 5-12 tahun berdasarkan IMT/U menurut Riskesdas tahun 2018 di wilayah Muna Barat, masih cukup tinggi. Kategori kurus berjumlah 8,2% yang terdiri dari 2,9% sangat kurus dan 5,4% kurus. Kategori gemuk 10,1% yang terdiri dari 6,4% gemuk dan obesitas berjumlah 3,7%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah guna meninjau hubungan antara kebiasaan jajan dan pendapatan orang tua terhadap statu gizi anak usia sekolah di SDN 7 Lawa Kabupaten Muna Barat tahun 2023. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian Cross Sectional Study dengan mengaplikasikan teknik Total Sampling dan uji chi-square. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu FFQ dan kuesioner pendapatan orang tua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan p value=0,118 (p>0,05) artinya tidak ada hubungan antara kebiasaan jajan terhadap status gizi gizi anak. Menurut hasil uji bivariat nilai p value=0,000 (p 0.05) meaning that there is no relationship between snacking habits and children's nutritional status. Based on the results of the bivariate test, the p value = 0.000 (p
Measuring the level of IL-4 and IL-25 in the serum of eczema patients
Authors:   DNA Research Center, University of Babylon, Al-Hilla, Iraq, Abd AL-Ameer Ali Mohammed , Najm Asmaa Adnan ,   Babylon Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Babylon, Iraq
Published: December 2023

Eczema is an inflammatory skin disease and may be the result of environmental factors, genetic factors, and immune factors. Itching, persistent scratching, skin redness, and dryness are the primary signs of the illness. Many Cytokines are essential to the pathophysiology of disease, including the role of interleukin-4 and interleukin-25 as major players in the immune pathogenesis of eczema. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating some seromic criteria that clarify the effect of some immune and inflammatory factors on the pathological condition in eczema patients and comparing them with the healthy group. This can help determine whether there is a relationship between the level of interleukin-4 and the high level of interleukin-25 and the clinical symptoms of the disease. The current study was conducted in Marjan Medical City in Babylon Governorate. Samples of (50) patients with eczema were collected after being diagnosed by dermatologists, and samples of (50) ostensibly healthy people were collected as a control group. The enzyme-associated immuno-absorption method (Elisa) was used to measure the level of interleukin-4 and interleukin-25 in the serum of all patients and the control group Serum levels of interleukin-4 and interleukin-25 are significantly higher in eczema patients at the probability level (P <0.05), while they decrease in the control group for the same criteria rates According to the results of the current investigation, patients with eczema reported higher levels of interleukin-4 and interleukin-25 in the serum than the control group.
A systematic review of the implications for teaching, learning and assessment at South African universities after the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Mahlaba Sfiso Cebolenkosi , Sekano Keabetswe Gordon
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the results of a systematic review of literature, reported in research journals, on the experiences of higher educational institutions regarding teaching, learning, and assessment during the Covid-19 pandemic. Different studies related to the Covid-19 pandemic have been conducted within the South African context, but there has not been a systematic review of these studies highlighting the lessons learned, how these lessons have affected education in higher education institutions (HEIs), and how these lessons can inform future planning. This study aims to summarise literature on teaching, learning and assessment in higher education institutions and to conceptualise possible guidelines for future planning. An analysis of 52 research articles revealed 7 implications for the lessons learnt from the pandemic for future teaching, learning and assessment (TLA) in South African HEIs (realisation of the affordances of technology for TLA, institutional changes related to online TLA during the pandemic, students’ experiences related to TLA, lecturer’s experiences related to TLA, the need for care, assessment related matters, approaches to teaching, learning and assessment) and several recommendations for how these lessons can be leveraged to help HEIs to prepare effectively for future catastrophic disruptions to education in South African HEIs. The discussion shows the digital divide that exists within the South African population and other contextual challenges faced by higher education institutions during the pandemic, and the different sacrifices by both institutions and students to survive the pandemic. Overall, the findings of this review provide valuable guidance for HEIs and stakeholders involved in TLA, offering insights on how to integrate the lessons learned from the pandemic into their future planning and strategies.
On the Paratexts of Early French Maritime Dictionaries (1670s–1770s): A Diachronic Study
Authors: HOWELLS ROBIN
Published: December 2023

This article arises from my work on aspects of a voyage narrative published in 1773 by Bernardin de Saint-Pierre (occasioning for me the pleasure of renewed contact with Margaret Sankey). It treats the topic, little examined by modern scholarship, of early French maritime dictionaries. Beginning with their emergence in the 1670s, I identify over the next hundred years six nautical dictionaries, of which two are bilingual. Each opens with one or more authorial paratexts—principally some form of preface—which constitute the main object of study here. They exhibit over this period considerable sociological and ideological changes. The subgenre itself latterly also shows signs of change.
Nicolas Baudin et Louis Petitain : dupe et dupeur
Authors: JANGOUX MICHEL
Published: December 2023

When the
Géographe
left Le Havre in 1800, there was no bookkeeper on board; there was only a secretary by the name of Petitain, who was in reality a trader whose presence Baudin, the commander, had forced the minister to accept. With the agreement of the commander, and in full view of all, Petitain had brought crates on board, some containing cheap trade goods, others printing materials. All were destined for the Île de France. In allowing these goods to be carried on board, the commander was defying the Navy’s strict prohibition against engaging in commerce. An unpublished letter reveals that Baudin himself hoped to profit from this enterprise, but he was duped: Petitain never passed his share on to him.
Teaching Theology
Authors: Ward Keith
Published: December 2023

The article defends teaching theology and religion in schools and colleges. Theology need not and I argue should not, be seen as a confessional defence of one religious system. It should be seen as a global and historical study of ideas of an ultimate spiritual reality. There are many ways of doing this. It is necessary to concentrate on two or three traditions, though a general overview, admittedly more superficial, can still be helpful. The goal is to extend just appreciation, critical thinking, and informed understanding of human spiritual thought and practice in both its negative and positive aspects.
New Resonance Scattering Model in AtomDB: Application to Line Suppression in Galaxy Clusters and Elliptical Galaxies
Authors: Chakraborty Priyanka , Foster Adam , Smith Randall , Brickhouse Nancy , Raymond John
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we present the simple, one-step, self-consistent, and fast resonance scattering model rsapec based on the AtomDB database. This model can be used as an alternative to the commonly used APEC model for fitting X-ray spectra with optically thick lines. The current model is intended, in general, for verifying the presence of the effect and for spectral modeling of galaxy clusters and elliptical galaxies under applicable assumptions. We test rsapec to derive the line suppression in the elliptical galaxy NGC 4636 and the Perseus cluster of galaxies and obtain resonance suppressions of ∼1.24 and ∼1.30, respectively.
The CAMELS Project: Expanding the Galaxy Formation Model Space with New ASTRID and 28-parameter TNG and SIMBA Suites
Authors: Ni Yueying , Genel Shy , Anglés-Alcázar Daniel , Villaescusa-Navarro Francisco , Jo Yongseok , Bird Simeon , Di Matteo Tiziana , Croft Rupert , Chen Nianyi , de Santi Natalí S. M. , Gebhardt Matthew , Shao Helen , Pandey Shivam , Hernquist Lars , Dave Romeel
Published: December 2023

We present CAMELS-ASTRID, the third suite of hydrodynamical simulations in the Cosmology and Astrophysics with MachinE Learning (CAMELS) project, along with new simulation sets that extend the model parameter space based on the previous frameworks of CAMELS-TNG and CAMELS-SIMBA, to provide broader training sets and testing grounds for machine-learning algorithms designed for cosmological studies. CAMELS-ASTRID employs the galaxy formation model following the ASTRID simulation and contains 2124 hydrodynamic simulation runs that vary three cosmological parameters (Ω
m
, σ
8, Ω
b
) and four parameters controlling stellar and active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback. Compared to the existing TNG and SIMBA simulation suites in CAMELS, the fiducial model of ASTRID features the mildest AGN feedback and predicts the least baryonic effect on the matter power spectrum. The training set of ASTRID covers a broader variation in the galaxy populations and the baryonic impact on the matter power spectrum compared to its TNG and SIMBA counterparts, which can make machine-learning models trained on the ASTRID suite exhibit better extrapolation performance when tested on other hydrodynamic simulation sets. We also introduce extension simulation sets in CAMELS that widely explore 28 parameters in the TNG and SIMBA models, demonstrating the enormity of the overall galaxy formation model parameter space and the complex nonlinear interplay between cosmology and astrophysical processes. With the new simulation suites, we show that building robust machine-learning models favors training and testing on the largest possible diversity of galaxy formation models. We also demonstrate that it is possible to train accurate neural networks to infer cosmological parameters using the high-dimensional TNG-SB28 simulation set.
Solar Electron Beam—Langmuir Wave Interactions and How They Modify Solar Electron Beam Spectra: Solar Orbiter Observations of a Match Made in the Heliosphere
Authors: Lorfing Camille Y. , Reid Hamish A. S. , Gómez-Herrero Raúl , Maksimovic Milan , Nicolaou Georgios , Owen Christopher J. , Rodriguez-Pacheco Javier , Ryan Daniel F. , Trotta Domenico , Verscharen Daniel
Published: December 2023

Solar Orbiter's four in situ instruments have recorded numerous energetic electron events at heliocentric distances between 0.5 and 1 au. We analyze energetic electron fluxes, spectra, pitch-angle distributions, associated Langmuir waves, and type III solar radio bursts for three events to understand what causes modifications in the electron flux and identify the origin and characteristics of features observed in the electron spectrum. We investigate what electron beam properties and solar wind conditions are associated with Langmuir wave growth and spectral breaks in the electron peak flux as a function of energy. We observe velocity dispersion and quasilinear relaxation in the electron flux caused by the resonant wave–particle interactions in the deca-keV range, at the energies at which we observe breaks in the electron spectrum, cotemporal with the local generation of Langmuir waves. We show, via the evolution of the electron flux at the time of the event, that these interactions are responsible for the spectral signatures observed around 10 and 50 keV, confirming the results of simulations by Kontar and Reid. These signatures are independent of pitch-angle scattering. Our findings highlight the importance of using overlapping FOVs when working with data from different sensors. In this work, we exploit observations from all in situ instruments to address, for the first time, how the energetic electron flux is modified by the beam–plasma interactions and results in specific feature appearing in the local spectrum. Our results, corroborated with numerical simulations, can be extended to a wider range of heliocentric distances.
Similarity between Compact Extremely Red Objects Discovered with JWST in Cosmic Dawn and Blue-excess Dust-obscured Galaxies Known in Cosmic Noon
Authors: Noboriguchi Akatoki , Inoue Akio K. , Nagao Tohru , Toba Yoshiki , Misawa Toru
Published: December 2023

Spatially compact objects with extremely red color in the rest-frame optical to near-infrared (0.4–1 μm) and blue color in the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV; 0.2–0.4 μm) have been discovered at 5 < z < 9 using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). These extremely red objects (JWST-EROs) exhibit spectral energy distributions (SEDs) that are difficult to explain using a single component of either star-forming galaxies or quasars, leading to two-component models in which the blue UV and extremely red optical are explained using less-dusty and dusty spectra of galaxies or quasars, respectively. Here, we report the remarkable similarity in SEDs between JWST-EROs and blue-excess dust-obscured galaxies (BluDOGs) identified at 2 < z < 3. BluDOGs are a population of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with black hole masses of ∼108–9
M
⊙, which are 1 order of magnitude larger than those in some JWST-EROs. The Eddington ratios of BluDOGs are 1 or higher, whereas those of JWST-EROs are in the range of 0.1–1. Therefore, JWST-EROs are less massive, less active, and more common counterparts in higher-z of BluDOGs in cosmic noon. Conversely, JWST-EROs have a significantly higher fraction of those with blue excess than DOGs. We present the average UV spectra of BluDOGs as a comparison to JWST-EROs and discuss a coherent evolutionary scenario for dusty AGN populations.
Data mobilization in the LWS herbarium: success and prospects
Authors: Novikov Andriy , Savytska Anastasiia , Kuzyarin Oleksandr , Nachychko Viktor , Susulovska Solomia , Rizun Volodymyr , Susulovsky Andrii , Hushtan Habriel , Hushtan Kateryna , Leleka Dmytro
Published: December 2023

Digitization of hosted specimens is a crucial task for all herbaria worldwide and is one of the main streams for today. By digitizing their collections and publishing the datasets, the herbaria grant access to essential data to a wide research audience and, as a result, involve their collections in scientific work more actively. Digitization also allows virtual preservation of the collections, which is especially important in conditions of hostilities, when the entire collection can be destroyed or damaged in one moment. This paper describes two datasets recently published in GBIF in frames of the LWS herbarium digitization initiative. It also contains some considerations about further digitization priorities and plans in the LWS herbarium in the context of complicated war conditions and limited facilities.

In total, 2,419 occurrence records from Ukraine mobilized from LWS herbarium were published. These datasets are planned to be dynamic with the addition of new records along with progress of digitization work at LWS. At least 6,000 more records are planned to be published through these datasets in 2024.