bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heat Characteristics and Emission Effect of a Fuel-operated Auxiliary Air Heater Fed with Fuel E10, E30 and E100
Authors: Nagy Péter , Zsoldos Ibolya , Szabados György
Published: May 2024

In order to increase the comfort of vehicle passengers in specific vehicle categories, the heating of the passenger compartment is not provided by the heat from the engine driving the vehicle but by an additional heating device. The study examines the effect of auxiliary heaters that use liquid fuels to heat the passenger compartment of vehicles. The device was operated during the test with two different mixtures containing bioethanol (E30, E100) and the original motor gasoline (E10). It aimed to understand the effects of different fuels, particularly heating performance, operating time and emissions. Based on the results, as the ethanol content increases, the temperature of the device’s flame and heating air decreases. The experiments showed that in the case of E100 bioethanol, the average temperature measured in stable operating conditions was significantly lower than in the case of E10 motor gasoline. That suggests that an increase in the ethanol content reduces the heating performance. Another significant result of the study was that in the case of mixtures containing ethanol, a longer operating time is required to achieve the same amount of heat, which leads to additional fuel consumption. In addition, when using E100 bioethanol, the amount of harmful gases that are emitted increases significantly during the longer operating time. This observation can be important for evaluating the environmental impact and efficiency of vehicles.
Employability skills of maintenance technicians in container ports: Implications for maritime technical and vocational education and training
Authors: Fernando Harsha , Wickramasinghe Vathsala
Published: May 2024

The study investigated the employability skills of maintenance technicians engaged in container ports in Sri Lanka. The specific objectives were to investigate 1) employability skill gaps between technicians’ evaluations of the level of current possession and the expected level to be possessed for the current job tasks, 2) employability skill gaps between technicians’ evaluations of the expected level of skills for current job tasks and immediate superiors’ evaluation of the importance of the same for current tasks, and 3) maintenance technicians’ exposure to skill development strategies after joining the respective container port terminals. The study was conducted in the two main container ports of Sri Lanka- Colombo and Hambantota. Responses were pooled from two independent sample groups- maintenance technicians and their immediate superiors. Maintenance technicians had graduated from technical and vocational education and training institutions with levels 3 or 4 National Vocational Qualification. Findings identified employability skill preferences of maintenance technicians and their immediate superiors, which led to possible skill gaps. The findings highlight the importance of TVET institutions identifying the preferences of business sectors, they should be prepared to impart employer-preferred skills to their trainees and to bridge any gaps in expectations. This will lead employees to develop realistic expectations of employer preferences. Hence, the findings of the study have implications for technical and vocational education and training institutions, students enrolled in these institutions, employees engaged in container ports, and their employers.
Highlights

Employability skills are vital to be employed and to remain employed
Skill gaps have consequences for job seekers, employers, and training institutes
This study investigated employability skills of technicians in container ports
Pattern Of Breast Feeding, Weaning And Nutritional Status Of Under Five Children Of Working Mothers Of Bangladesh Armed Forces
Authors: Islam Shapla , Kabir Bipasha , Patwary Md Helal Morshed
Published: May 2024

Background: Adequate nutrition is essential in early childhood to ensure healthy growth, proper organ formation and function, a strong immune system, and neurological and cognitive development. The objective of the study is to assess the pattern of breast feeding, weaning and dietary behavior of under-five children of working mothers attended Child Welfare Centre (CWC), Malobika and Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka.
Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at CWC, Malobika and Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka over a period of six months from July 2017 to December 2017. All under-five years old sick children of employed mothers of Bangladesh Armed Forces attended CWC Malobika and CMH, Dhaka were included in the study and mothers were the respondents. Total 130 children were selected purposively for the study. Data were analyzed by using SPSS (statistical package for social sciences), version 25.0. The level of significance was set at 5% and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Majority (92.3%) of the children was nutritionally normal in terms Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC). Only 10(7.7%) children was malnourished; of them 6(4.6%) were severely malnourished and 4(3.1%) were moderately malnourished. In terms of Weight for Age Z score (WAZ) 3.1% were severe underweight and another 3.1% were moderate underweight. In terms of Height for Age Z score (HAZ), 5.4% were severely stunted and 6.2% were moderately stunted, while with respect to Weight for Height Z score (WHZ), 2.3% were severely wasted and 7.7% were moderately wasted.
Conclusion: Nutritional status in children of working mothers of Armed Forces at Dhaka Garrison was high compared to the national figure.
Bangladesh Armed Forces Med J Vol 56 No (1) June 2023, pp 35-41
Laparoscopic Versus Open Mesh Repair of Inguinal Hernia for Military Personnel
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Monir , Hossain S M Eqbal , Hossain Md Delowar
Published: May 2024

Background: An organ or fatty tissue, like the colon, might abnormally emerge through the wall of the cavity in which it normally dwells, a condition known as a hernia. Inguinal hernia repair is among the most frequently done procedures by surgeons worldwide. Treatment includes pure tissue repairs to prosthetic repairs under open or laparoscopic approach. Though so many options are available but none is superior to others. Aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of laparoscopic hernia repair with open mesh hernia repair.
Methods: The study was a comparative cross-sectional study. The study, which took place between 2016 and 2018, involved 100 cases in the General Surgery department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Savar (30 cases of laparoscopic hernioplasty and 70 cases of open hernioplasty). Purposive sampling technique was used to collect data. Data were collected during follow up of patients by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analysed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. Informed written consent were obtained from the patients and ethical issues were duly addressed.
Results: There were 100 patients in the study, 30 of whom were assigned to group A (the laparoscopic group) and 70 to group B (the open group). In group A, the mean operating time was 103.67±23.57 minutes, while in group B, it was 50.26±2.57 minutes. In group A, there was a decrease in pain scores, with 90% of patients reporting 1-2 (mild discomfort). Three people are in excruciating pain.
Conclusion: Inguinal hernia repair is a frequently performed general surgery treatment. Because of the large socio-economic impact of inguinal hernia repair, it is the responsibility of the surgeon to consider the most advantageous approach in each given situation. For all patients needing elective hernioplasty, laparoscopic, non-randomized, pre-peritoneal mesh repair for inguinal hernias is a safe, effective method that has clear advantages over open mesh repair.
Bangladesh Armed Forces Med J Vol 56 No (2) December 2023, pp 17-23
Evaluation of Pneumonia Among Under-five Hospitalized Children – A Study in A Tertiary Level Military Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Munshi Sariful , Sultana Mahbuba , Khan Towhida , Das Bijoy Kumar
Published: May 2024

Background: Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of mortality among under-five children contributing to 15% of deaths all over the world. More than 95% of all new cases of pneumonia in children less than 5 years occur in developing countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the socio-demographic characteristics, clinical profile, laboratory parameters and management of hospitalized children presenting with pneumonia.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 178 children aged between 02-59 months who were admitted into Paediatrics ward of Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Jashore during the period of July 2020 to December 2021were evaluated. Data were collected by a trained physician from history, clinical examinations, laboratory findings and chest x-ray immediately after admission using a structured questionnaire with purposive sampling technique. All x-ray films were evaluated by radiologist and paediatrician independently.
Results: A total of 178 cases suffering from pneumonia were studied. Among them majority (87.08%) of children were below 36 months of age with the highest frequency of pneumonia was seen bellow 12 months (42.70%) age group. 112(62.92%) patients were male and 66(37.08%) patients were female with male-female ratio 1.7:1. Most of the patients were of normal birth weight (81.46%), fully immunized (84.27%), better maternal education, from nuclear family (81.46%) and were exclusive breast feed (70.22%). Fever, cough, breathing difficulty, tachypnoea and crackles were present nearly all patients with pneumonia. Chest x-ray suggestive of bronchopneumonia in most of the cases (91.01%). All patients received antibiotics, duration of hospital stay ranged from 03 to 14 days, mean stay was about 05 days. Nearly all the patients (97.52%) were recovered and discharged with advice.
Conclusion: Most of the patients with pneumonia were below 36 months of age with male predominance. Fever, cough, fast or difficult breathing were as a feature of pneumonia. Prompt administration of antibiotics to children with pneumonia significantly reduces the morbidity and mortality.
Bangladesh Armed Forces Med J Vol 56 No (2) December 2023, pp 31-37
Evaluation of Keratoconus Patients Refractive Status Before and after Corneal Collagen Cross-linking
Authors: Rubel Shafiul Ashraf , Kajmina Natasha , Khan Md Kamrul Hasan
Published: May 2024

Background: Corneal Collagen Cross Linking (CXL) incorporated with riboflavin solution activated by UV (Ultraviolet) irradiation is a modern promising treatment protocol for keratoconus. Evaluation of the clinical effect of CXL treatment on keratoconus patients was the aim of this study.
Methods: This Quasi Experimental (before-and-after) study was comprised with 50 patients, having progressive keratoconus (progression was documented by Corneal Topography), reported to Cornea Clinic, CMH Dhaka, from February 2022 to January 2023. Before and after the CXL procedure; un-corrected and best-corrected visual acuity of study population was documented using Snellen visual acuity chart. Auto-refractometry readings were also noted.
Results: Among the 50 study subjects; 26 (52%) were men and 24 (48%) were female, age was 24.14 ± 5.07 (mean+SD) years and age range was 18-35 years. Mean preoperative spherical power was −1.84 ± 0.82 Diopter (D) and mean cylindrical power was −3.66 ± 0.97 D. Postoperatively, mean spherical power was found −1.15 ± 0.55 D and mean cylindrical power was −2.87 ± 0.99 D. After CXL treatment; significant vision improvement found in 15 (30%) patients (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Despite strengthening the corneal stromal collagen bond and halting the keratoconus progression, CXL treatment stabilize the refractive status of keratoconus patient and also in some extent, it improves vision.
Bangladesh Armed Forces Med J Vol 56 No (2) December 2023, pp 45-50
Autosomal Dominant Hereditary Spherocytosis In An Elderly Patient
Authors: Naher Nazmun , Sami Chowdhury Adnan , Sohan Sajid , Khan Md Mizanur Rahman , Rahman Mujahida , Khan Abed Hussain , Arafat Shohael Mahmud
Published: May 2024

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is an autosomal dominant inherited hemolytic anemia that usually manifests in early adolescence. A very small proportion (5%) may undergo de novo mutations and present at an elderly age without any positive family history. The disease is characterized by anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, and the presence of spherocytes in peripheral blood, which are osmotically fragile. A 55-year-old elderly male presented with generalized weakness and a history of repeated blood transfusions for 5 months. He had recurrent jaundice for 8 years. There was no relevant family or drug history. He was anemic, icteric, and had mild splenomegaly. Investigation revealed persistently low Hb with normal red cell indices. There were a lot of spherocytes with polychromasia on the peripheral blood film. There was also evidence of hemolysis with a high reticulocyte count and higher levels of total and indirect bilirubin. Autoimmune hemolysis was excluded by negative direct and indirect Coomb’s tests, and Hb defect was excluded by normal Hb electrophoresis. We also ruled out other infectious causes. The ultrasound confirmed splenomegaly. The osmotic fragility test showed increased osmotic fragility of the patient’s red cells. History, symptoms, and test results strongly point to autosomal dominant hereditary spherocytosis with new mutations. An eosin-5-Maleimide binding test was advised, along with family screening of the patient.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; 35: 110-113
Relationship of Vitamin D Deficiency with Non-Motor Functions of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Khan Mohammad Sakhawat Hossen , Mouri Umme Kulsum , Islam Md Rashedul , Rahman Tanbin , Rahman Aminur , Ahmed Jamal Uddin
Published: May 2024

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder is associated with substantial public health and economic burdens.  Low levels of vitamin D are a common finding in patients of PD. This study was conducted to assess the serum vitamin D level in PD patients and to investigate the relationship of the vitamin D level with non motor functions of Parkinson’s disease.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Department of Neurology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka for a period of 12 months. A total of 120 participants, 60 patients with PD and 60 age and sex matched sample of healthy controls were enrolled and informed written consent was taken. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical features, laboratory parameters and neurological examinations were assessed. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data was analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 24.0.
Results: Age and gender was not significantly different between PD cases and controls. Mean vitamin D level was significantly lower among the patients with PD compared to controls (25.97±3.44 ng/ml vs38.47±5.08 ng/ml, (p<0.01). Among all the cases of PD, 45% had akathisia, 36.7% had depression and 40% had insomnia. According to Modified Hoehn and Yahr score 53.3% patients were in stage 1-2, 26.7% in stage 2-3 and 20% in stage >3.The mean vitamin-D level was 28.43±2.43, 24.06±1.57 and 21.92±1.62 in stage 1-2, stage 2.5-3 and stage>3 respectively and vitamin D level decreased significantly with advancement in stages of PD(p<0.01). While assessing the depression in patients with PD, it was observed that stages of PD was significantly associated with severity of depression, patients with >3 stage of PD was moderately severe (16.7%) and severely depressed (16.7%) than patients with <3 stage PD (p=0.009).
Conclusion:  Importance should also be given for recognition of non- motor symptoms in PD patients, since these symptoms have an impact on patient’s quality of life.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; 35: 82-87
Anaemia in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Maimuna Ummey
Published: May 2024

Anaemia in Diabetes Mellitus should be addressed properly. Because, anaemia in this immunocompromised state may deteriorate the physical status of this group of patients. Multiple factors have been found to be associated with anemia in Diabetes mellitus. This review article contains basic and updated concepts as well as recent studies regarding anaemia with diabetes mellitus.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; 35: 118-121
Medical Quiz: Image-2 Vol. 35(2) 2024
Authors: Rahim Muhammad Abdur
Published: May 2024

Abstract not available
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; 35: 126
Letter to the Editor vol. 31(1)
Authors: Matubber Mohiuddin
Published: May 2024

Abstract not available
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2022; 31(1) : 4
Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern Among Diabetic Patients With Urinary Tract Infection at Bangladesh
Authors: Saifuddin Mohammad , Sharifuzzaman Mirza , Mahmud Reaz , Selim Shahjada , Uddin Md Nasir , Hossain Mohammad Afjal , Ahammed Afsar , Sutradhar Palash Chandra , Pathan Md Faruque
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a worldwide health problem. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of infections, with urinary tract being the most common site. UTI may be asymptomatic in DM patient. Worldwide there is a high frequency of antibiotic resistance. This study is designed to determine the causative organism of UTI in diabetic patient as well as their resistance pattern.
Methods: This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in semiurban multispeciality hospital of Feni for a period of nine month from January 2020 to September 2020. One hundred consecutive culture positive UTI in diabetic patient were enrolled in this study. UTI with negative urine culture were excluded from the study. The organism isolated in culture and antibiotic sensitivity was noted.
Results: Age of this study population ranges from 20 to 80 years. Out of 100 patients with 39%were male and 61% were female. Twenty percent of the UTI were asymptomatic. E. coli was the commonest causative organism found in 64% cases, followed by Klebsiella 11% & Proteus 7%. Overall 84% organism were resistant to amoxicillin & 72% were resistant to quinolones. Most organism were sensitive to meropenem with only 11% resistance. Sixty percent of the isolates were resistant to 3 or more antibiotics.
Conclusion: E. coli being the commonest causative organism with very high frequency of antibiotic resistance & multidrug resistance.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2022; 31(1) : 5-8
Barriers of Good Glycemic Control Of Known Diabetic Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Islam Md Maidul , Islam Md Khairul , Jahan Farjana , Gomes Lilian Catherene , Hossain Fahima Sharmin , Hossain Mohammad Murad
Published: May 2024

Introduction: uncontrolled Diabetes mellitus is a growing cause of disability and premature death. HbA1C is an indicator of glycemic control status over the previous three months. Therefore, to minimize the morbidity and mortality of diabetic patients, it would be necessary to identify the factors associated with poor glycemic control, which may not be similar to developed countries.
Objective: To identify factors acting as a barrier to reasonable glycemic control of known diabetic patients in Bangladesh
Materials and methods: This is a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study among diabetic patients with poor glycemic control in the indoor and outdoor Medicine and Endocrinology departments of Dhaka medical college hospital, Dhaka, from July 2019 to December 2019 (6 months). For at least three months, patients who had uncontrolled Diabetes were selected by purposive and convenient sampling method.
Results: One hundred and six patients with poor glycemic status were included in the analysis. Aged persons were at risk for poor glycemic control, especially age range of 50-69 years (65.0%) P-value was .004. Duration of Diabetes and educational status were significantly associated with poor glycemic control. P values were 0.001 and .003, respectively.
Conclusion: Patient education plays a pivotal role in controlling glycemic control, favoring treatment success, reducing adverse drug events, and preventing further complications of Diabetes.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2022; 31(1) : 9-14
Patient’s and Caregiver’s Awareness On Secondary Prevention Strategy Of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Islam Md Shahidul , Ahmed Kamal , Jahan Israt , Kamal Mohammad Mostafa , Hossain Md Sarwar , Arifuzzaman Md , Mahmud Reaz , Hasan Mohammed Kamrul , Habib Mansur
Published: May 2024

Background: Stroke is a big problem in Bangladesh. Though the incidence of ischemic stroke is stable or increasing, mortality is gradually decreasing. As a result, questions about disability and stroke recurrence are coming forward. A successful prevention strategy for ischemic stroke depends on the patient’s and caregiver’s awareness regarding ischemic stroke.
Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the awareness of the patients and caregivers regarding the secondary prevention strategy of ischemic stroke.
Materials and methods: This was a pilot study using a questionnaire developed by a literature review. This observational study was done in the department of neurology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from March 2015 to February 2018. The study subjects were interviewed face to face with a questionnaire.
Results: More than half of the respondents (54.3%) thought that ongoing drugs would cure the stroke, and they were found to be unaware of reducing or controlling their risk factors. Among risk factors, only smoking (86.4%), hypertension (84.3%), lack of regular exercise (84.3%), and being overweight (81.4%) were well-known to the respondents.
Conclusion: More than half of the subjects knew the drugs should be taken to cure the disease. There was no significant difference in knowledge between rural and urban people, or males and females, regarding ischemic stroke risk factors. A system of group teaching and group discussion can change the situation.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2022; 31(1) : 15-22
Serum Testosterone Level and Its Association With BMI: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study Among Male Ckd Patients and Healthy Individuals
Authors: Ansary Eusha Ahmad Fidalillah , Islam Md Nazrul , Kader MA , Uzzal Obaidul Kadir , Masood Shahriar , Jahan Ferdous , Chowdhury Md Nizamuddin
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant problem that affects all other vital organs and systems. Endocrine dysfunction is not uncommon as well. Early identification of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may help implement interventions to decrease progression and eventual morbidity and mortality.
Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate the serum testosterone level of adult males with different stages of CKD and its association with body mass index and comparison with agematched healthy individuals.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. All CKD patients were designated as group ‘A’ with 90 cases; the healthy control group were grouped as group ‘B’ with 88 cases.
Result: In this study, the majority 40(44.4%) of patients had glomerulonephritis, 24(26.8%) had DM and 11(12.2%) had HTN. The mean BMI was found to be 20.85±2.7 kg/m2. More than two-thirds (66.7%) of patients had normal (3.2-14.6 ng/ml) Serum testosterone, and their mean Serum testosterone was found at 4.29±1.9 ng/ml. Negative Spearman’s rank correlation (r=- 0.893; p=0.001) was observed between different stages of CKD and S. Testosterone of CKD patients. A positive Pearson correlation existed (r=0.517; p=0.001) between BMI and S. Testosterone of CKD patients.
Conclusion: A significant positive correlation existed between BMI and serum testosterone of CKD patients.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2022; 31(1) : 66-70
Clinicopathological Evaluation of Breast Lump in Different Age Groups
Authors: Hassan Mohammad Mahmudul , Ahamad Farid Uddin , Khan Mohammad Ashraf Uddin , Fatema Most Bilkis , Kamal Mohammad Mustafa , Azam ANM Nure , Tani Sadia Afrin
Published: May 2024

Background: Breast masses have a variety of etiologies, benign and malignant. Fibroadenoma is the most common benign breast mass; invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common malignancy. Most masses are benign, but breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Although most breast cancers occur in women older than 50, a significant number of women are diagnosed with breast cancer younger than 50. An efficient and accurate evaluation can maximize cancer detection and minimize unnecessary testing and procedures.
Objectives: Our study aimed to explore the frequency & pattern of different types of breast lumps in various age groups.
Materials & method: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the inpatient and outpatient department of surgery at Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogra, from July 2008 to Dec 2008. A total of 130 patients with palpable breast lumps were included in the study. The age of the patients was between 11 to 70 years. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and biopsy were done for most of the patients with a breast lump. Sometimes ultrasonography, mammography, and other routine investigations were also done.
Result: In this study, the most common age was 11 to 20. The three most common diseases presented with lumps were Fibroadenoma, Carcinoma of the breast, and fibroadenosis. Peak age incidence of fibroadenoma was observed in the 11 to 20 age group (66%), while fibroadenosis was common in the third decade (46%), and peak age incidence was between the late twenties and early thirties. Carcinoma of the breast was common in 31 to 40 years age group (40%). No carcinoma was found below the age of 22 years. Most of the patients with carcinoma presented in an advanced stage. This reflects on illiteracy, poverty, lack of awareness, and medical facilities screening procedure in our population.
Conclusion: The diversity of clinical presentation of breast lumps in different age groups was observed in our hospital practice, and a correlation between clinical manifestations, FNAC findings, and histological diagnosis of breast lumps was made. Fibroadenoma was common in the second and third decades, while breast carcinoma was common in third and fourth decades. Here we attempted to find out the age incidence of the breast lump and its correlation with clinical features, FNAC findings, and histopathological reports to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and management of breast disease.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2022; 31(1) : 107-113
Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan dengan Pengetahuan Stroke pada Lansia
Authors: Mirawati Dita , Mutnawasitoh Asita Rohmah
Published: May 2024

Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and the third leading cause of disability. On the other hand, experience can help someone solve a problem. Stroke survivor who has learned from experience in dealing with a stroke will make more considered decisions and be more cautious when recognizing the signs and symptoms that occur in patients. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between education level and experience with the knowledge of elderly individuals at Posyandu Laweyan. This research used a descriptive qualitative research design with a cross-sectional study design. The study was conducted at Posyandu under the supervision of the Laweyan Community Health Center. Data collection took place from March to July 2023 involving 45 respondents. The data were then analyzed using the Spearman-Correlation test to observe the relationship between experience and knowledge level. The results of the analysis showed a p-value of 0.018 (0.05); r = 0.351, indicating a significant correlation between the education level and stroke knowledge level among the elderly.
Pengaruh Education First Aid (E-Fa) Game terhadap Pengetahuan Layperson Pertolongan Pertama Cedera Pada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Nastiti Eky Madyaning , Darotin Rida
Published: May 2024

Injuries can affect anyone, including school-age children, and are often caused by a lack of understanding of injury concepts, insufficient knowledge of first aid, and unsafe environments. Therefore, it is crucial to provide first aid and health education to promote overall health and safety. The E-Fa (Education First Aid) Game is a novel approach presented as a game-based Android application. The aim of this study is to analyze the differences in students' knowledge improvement regarding injury management. The study design employed a quasi-experimental approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Fifty-one respondents were selected through simple random sampling techniques. Data collection involved the use of questionnaires to measure knowledge variables before and after the intervention with the E-Fa Game. The research was conducted at SMP 12 Jember. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. The results revealed that students' knowledge of performing first aid for injuries improved significantly. The average score increased from 5.90 during the pretest to 7.04 during the posttest, with a p-value of 0.000, indicating a significant improvement in knowledge among SMP 12 Jember students in handling injuries after receiving the intervention with the E-Fa Game. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the E-Fa Game in enhancing schoolchildren's knowledge of injury management.
Response Time Perawat Berhubungan Dengan Kecemasan Pasien Di UGD Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang
Authors: Sutriningsih Ani , Ardiyani Vita Maryah , Aryanti Afifa Ramadani
Published: May 2024

Patients in the emergency room (ER) often experience anxiety due to acute or severe pain, which may indicate a life-threatening condition, leading them to expect immediate treatment from nurses. Nurse response time plays a critical role in saving patients and has a direct impact on their anxiety levels. Patients who experience delays in receiving services from healthcare providers may feel afraid and worried about their condition. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between nurse response time and patient anxiety in the ER at the Dinoyo Health Center, Malang City. The study employed a correlation research design using a cross-sectional approach. The population included all 50 patients in the ER, with a sample of 47 patients selected using systematic random sampling techniques. The independent variable was response time, while the dependent variable was patient anxiety. The instruments included response time observation sheets and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results indicated that the majority of nurses exhibited good response times (70.2%), and the majority of patients reported no anxiety or were within the normal range (63.8%). A significant relationship was found between nurse response time and patient anxiety within p-value = 0.000 (0.05). Suggestions for future research include identifying patient anxiety levels in the ER based on factors such as the level of emergency, payment method, and availability of family assistance.
Manajemen Diri Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Puskesmas Dinoyo Malang
Authors: Hastutiningtyas Wahidyanti Rahayu , Rosdiana Yanti , Ina Irnawati Nona
Published: May 2024

Proper self-management is crucial for individuals living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). T2DM is a metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of insulin production, decreased insulin activity, or both. The aim of this research was to assess the self-management practices of T2DM patients at the Dinoyo Primary Health Center in Malang. Descriptive analysis was employed as the research method. The study population comprised 44 T2DM patients, of whom 40 were selected as research samples using simple random sampling. Data were collected through a self-completed questionnaire, specifically the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire. The findings indicate that the majority of respondents at the Dinoyo Primary Health Center in Malang, namely 30 individuals (75.0%), demonstrated poor self-management practices in managing their T2DM. Future research endeavors should aim to identify additional factors contributing to poor self-management abilities among T2DM patients, such as the level of family support and blood sugar control.
Evaluasi Sistem Surveilans Epidemilogi Penyakit Covid-19 Pasca Pandemi Di Puskesmas Nambo Kota Kendari
Authors: Irma Irma , Handayani Listy , Masluhiya AF Swaidatul
Published: May 2024

COVID-19 has spread rapidly throughout the world that affecting the community life. The government has strictly taken health and social measures that have been imposed by all countries to decrease of COVID-19 spreading. Health care units are the forefront of dealing with health problems in the community due to COVID-19. Therefore, the role of Puskesmas in the detection, prevention and response very crucial as the health care unit in the first level. In supporting that matter, the implementation of epidemiological surveillance system can be used to monitor the trend of COVID-19 transmission from local, national and global levels in conducting early detection in the areas without virus transmission, monitoring cases in the areas with virus transmission, including vulnerable populations identification, providing epidemiological information to carry out risk assessments and to evaluate the impact of pandemic on health and social service. This study aimed to provide an overview the implementation of COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance system at the puskesmas level in Kendari City, 2021 to improve the epidemiological surveillance system quality. A descriptive qualitative with phenomenological design was carried out. The informants consisted of 2 key informants (surveillance programmer and head of puskesmas) and 1 ordinary informant, KTU of Nambo Health Center. The results showed that the implementation of COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance system at the Nambo Health Center in the aspects of data collection and dissemination have been carried out optimally, but the data analysis has not been carried out properly. The data processing and data interpretation aspects are not implemented.
Hubungan Antara Kadar Hormon Dengan Perdarahan Di Luar Siklus Menstruasi Pada Wanita Usia Subur
Authors: Ningsih Sri Mudayati , Suryandari Endang Sri dewi hastuti
Published: May 2024

Bleeding disorders outside the menstrual cycle are reproductive system disorders commonly experienced by women during their reproductive years. These disorders are characterized by changes in menstrual periods, including alterations in cycle length, duration of menstruation, or volume of bleeding, with a worldwide prevalence ranging from 3% to 30%. Hormonal factors are often implicated as causes of bleeding disorders outside the menstrual cycle. Preliminary findings from a study conducted at RSIA Puri revealed that three female patients seeking treatment experienced bleeding disorders outside the menstrual cycle, with two of them exhibiting low estrogen levels (below 20 pg/ml) upon examination. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between hormone levels, particularly estrogen, and bleeding outside the menstrual cycle in women of childbearing age at RSIA Puri Malang. The research employed a quantitative analysis through a cross-sectional approach. Primary and secondary data were obtained from laboratory examinations of estrogen levels in blood serum on the third day of menstruation. The sample consisted of 34 mothers who met the criteria of experiencing menstrual disorders and visited RSIA Puri Malang, and who willingly participated as respondents, selected through quota sampling. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test, and the results revealed a significant relationship between estrogen levels and bleeding outside the menstrual cycle, or metrorrhagia (p-value = 0.018; OR = 0.107). This suggests that estrogen hormone regulation plays a crucial role in preventing menstrual irregularities. In conclusion, maintaining optimal estrogen hormone levels is essential for preventing and managing menstrual irregularities and bleeding disorders outside the menstrual cycle.
Prevalensi Penyakit Infeksi Menular Lewat Transfusi Darah (IMLTD) Darah Donor di UDD PMI Kota Surabaya Tahun 2018-2022
Authors: Ariani Nia Lukita , Sudiwati Ni Luh Putu Eka , Panggayuh Ardi , Widuri Sasi
Published: May 2024

Transmission of infectious diseases is one of the risks in the blood transfusion process. The Blood Donor Unit (UDD), as a blood provider institution, must ensure that blood products distributed in the community are safe, especially from infectious diseases that can be transmitted through blood transfusion (TTI). UDD PMI Surabaya is a first-class UDD and CPOB-certified facility that serves blood needs not only in East Java but also as a reference for the Eastern Indonesia region. The location of UDD is in a big city, the number of donors is quite large, the coverage of the area of origin of donors and the target users of blood products is quite broad, and a complete screening test method are interesting factors to study regarding the prevalence of TTI disease. This study aims to determine the prevalence of infectious diseases transmitted through blood transfusion among blood donors in UDD PMI Surabaya in 2018–2022, as well as the sociodemographic characteristics of reactive donors. This research is a retrospective, descriptive study. Data for 2018–2022 comes from the in UDD PMI Surabaya database with total number of 639580 blood donors. The research results show that hepatitis B is a TTI disease with the highest prevalence compared to other TTI diseases. Most donors come from the 17–30 year age group who have reactive TTI test results, and this decreases with increasing age except for hepatitis B. Reactive donors are more dominated by women than men, except for HIV disease.
Pengaruh Efektivitas Pembelajaran Dengan Menggunakan Google Classroom Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa di MAN 02 Kepahiang
Authors: Herlina Meti , Oktavian
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh efektivitas pembelajaran dengan menggunakan google classroom terhadap hasil belajar siswa di MAN 02 Kepahiang. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XII MIA MAN 02 Kepahiang. Dan sampel yang digunakan yaitu kelas XII MIA 3. Dengan jumlah 35 siwa menggunakan teknik random yaitu kelas mempunyai kesempatan atau peluang yang sama untuk dijadikan sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuisioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 21. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat dikatakan bahwa efektivitas pembelajaran dengan menggunakan google classroom berpengaruh secara simultan  terhadap hasil belajar pada siswa kelas XII MIA 3 di MAN 02 Kepahiang tahun ajaran 2020/2021 secara simultan 67% dan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Dari hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa nilai kedua variabel tersebut berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
Development of Student Worksheets Oriented Guided Inquiry to Improve Student’s Critical Thinking Skills on Acid Base Material
Authors: Nurkhalida Septia , Nasrudin Harun
Published: May 2024

This research aimed to obtain the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of student worksheets oriented on guided inquiry to improve critical thinking skills in acid-base material. The type of research used was 4D model development research, but it was limited to the third stage, namely Develop. The research sample consisted of 34 students from class XI IPA 4 SMAN 14 Surabaya. The instruments used were validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and pretest and posttest question sheets. The validation results show that the student worksheets 1, 2, and 3 in the content criteria get mode 4 in the good category, and construct criteria get mode 5 in the very good category so that overall the teaching module gets mode ≥3 and is declared valid. The overall practicality results of the student worksheets obtained an average percentage of 90.09% with efficient criteria. The results of the overall effectiveness of student worksheets oriented on guided inquiry obtained an n-gain score of 0.71 which is included in the high category. In addition, the sig value. (2-tailed) obtained from the paired sample t-test of 0.000 which shows an increase in students' critical thinking skills and the student worksheets oriented on guided inquiry are effective for use in learning.
Analisis Miskonsepsi Konsep Zat dan Karakteristiknya Pada Siswa Kelas VII di SMP Islam Bani Tamim
Authors: Mulyani Dewi , Lukman Nulhakim  , Mudmainah Vitasari
Published: May 2024

Landasan penelitian yaitu Miskonsepsi sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa karena dapat memahami dan mengartikan suatu konsep dengan salah, Siswa yang telah memahami konsep dapat terukur dari hasil belajar yang baik. Hasil belajar yang rendah mengidentifikasikan adanya kesulitan dalam proses belajar siswa, sehingga mempengaruhi tingkat pemahaman siswa. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Fakta-fakta yang ditemukan dari hasil penelitian kemudian dideskripsikan sesuai dengan keadaan sebenarnya dalam bentuk data. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah, ditafsirkan dilakukan pencatatan dan analisis dengan menggunakan data statistik. Pada penelitian ini peneliti mengumpulkan data mengenai suatu gejala yang terjadi akibat proses pembelajaran.  Sumber data pada penelitian ini didapatkan melalui pemberian three tier multiple choice diagnostic test kepada sampel yang telah ditentukan. Berdasarkan data yang di dapat pada butir soal 1, 7, 11 dari 18 butir soal dikatakan miskonsepsi tertinggi karna siswa tidak bisa menjelaskan karakteristik suatu zat padat dengan benar. Dilihat dari permasalahan tersebut siswa mengalami miskonsepsi reasoning atau penalaran yang tidak lengkap atau salah. Berdasarkan hasil analisi data dan pembahasan, maka dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: Terdapat miskonsepsi pada konsep zat dan karakteristiknya.Persentase miskonsepsi pada konsep zat dan karakteristiknya sebanyak 30%. Persentase miskonsepsi false negative pada konsep zat dan karakteristiknya sebanyak 8%. Persentase miskonsepsi false positive pada konsep zat dan karakteristiknya sebanyak 28%.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Mahasiswa Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar
Authors: Siahaan Theresia Monika , Simamora Rianita
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one shot case study dengan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Univeritas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar yang berjumlah 30 orang yang diperoleh dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling yaitu grup PM A1. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh model Problem Based Learning terhadap kemampuan penalaran matematis. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata hasil post-test kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik = 64,77, artinya kemampuan penalaran matematis tergolong baik dan rata-rata hasil observasi model Problem Based Learning = 71,1, artinya bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan Problem Based Learning menggunakan model Problem Based Learning sudah dilakukan dengan baik. Berdasarkan nilai kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik diperoleh persamaan regresi  = 26,38 + 0,54X, nilai b = 0,54 artinya jika model Problem Based Learning bertambah sebesar 1 satuan akan meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik sebesar 0,54 satuan. Untuk uji kelinearan regresi diperoleh Fhitung < Ftabel atau 0,009 < 3,65, artinya terdapat hubungan yang linear dan berarti antara model Problem Based Learning dengan kemampuan penalaran matematis. Hasil uji keberartian regresi diperoleh sampel dengan menggunakan uji F diperoleh Fhitung > Ftabel atau 28 > 4,20 3,65 artinya ada pengaruh antara model Problem Based Learning dengan kemampuan penalaran matematis. Dari hasil perhitungan korelasi Product Moment diperoleh rhitung = 0,916 artinya bahwa terdapat hubungan yang sangat kuat atau sangat tinggi antara model pembelajaran dengan kemampuan penalaran matematis. Untuk uji keberartian koefisien korelasi diperoleh thitung > ttabel atau 12,085 > 2,048 artinya terdapat hubungan yang sangat kuat dan berarti antara model Problem Based Learning dengan kemampuan penalaran matematis. Dan hasil perhitungan koefisien determinasi diperoleh r2 = 97,65% artinya bahwa kemampuan penalaran matematis dipengaruhi oleh model Problem Based Learning sebesar 83,91% sedangkan sisanya 16,09% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Dari hasil penelitian di atas dapat di simpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh model Problem Based Learning terhadap kemampuan penalaran. Sehingga diharapkan model Problem Based Learning dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis.
Implementasi E-Modul Mitigasi Bencana Banjir untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Lingkungan Siswa SMPN Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Elda Elda Handayani , Mayub Afrizal , Sutarno M.
Published: May 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perbedaan literasi lingkungan antara sebelum siswa mengikuti pembelajaran menggunakan e-modul mitigasi bencana banjir dengan setelah siswa mengikuti pembelajaran menggunakan e-modul mitigasi bencana banjir. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 30 siswa kelas VII SMPN 2 Kota Bengkulu dengan menggunakan metode one group pretest-posttest design. Peningkatan literasi lingkungan diukur dengan memberikan siswa pretest-posttest. Pretest dilakukan sebelum pembelajaran dengan menggunakan e-modul mitigasi bencana banjir untuk meningkatkan literasi lingkungan siswa. Selanjutnya, setelah selesai dilakukan pembelajaran menggunakan e-modul mitigasi bencana banjir, maka siswa diberikan posttest. Literasi lingkungan siswa pada penelitian ini mencakup tiga domain, yaitu domaian pengetahuan, keterampilan kognitif, dan sikap peduli lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan literasi lingkungan siswa sebelum dan setelah siswa mengikuti pembelajaran dengan e-modul mitigasi bencana banjir, hal ini dilihat dari hasil N-Gain literasi lingkungan keseluruhan sebesar 0.6 dalam kriteria sedang. Selain itu diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.000 < 0.05, artinya ada pengaruh yang signifikan dengan penggunaan e-modul mitigasi bencana banjir dalam meningkatkan literasi lingkungan siswa.
 
Kata kunci: E-modul; mitigasi bencana banjir; literasi lingkungan.
Mental Health Carers’ Support Experiences in Australia
Authors: Fitzgeraldson Elloyse , Cuenca Jose , Fitzpatrick Sally
Published: May 2024

Informal mental health carers play a crucial role in supporting individuals with depression and anxiety. However, there is a lack of knowledge on how to effectively support these carers and promote their well-being. This mixed-method study aimed to explore the support needs of carers of a person with depressive or anxiety symptoms, living in Australia. Sixty-seven carers (female 76 %, median age 48) completed an online survey, and 22 completed semi-structured interviews about their support experiences. Over half of the survey respondents reported high levels of psychological distress on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), and 63% reported understanding and adjusting to the caregiving role as the most needed areas of support, as identified on the Caregiver Perspective Questionnaire (CPQ). Through thematic analysis of the interviews, four key themes emerged describing carers’ support experiences and needs: connecting with formal services, responding to the care-recipient, connecting socially, and caring for the self. The analysis also found that time constraints and stigma can be significant support barriers for these carers. This is the first time that a study has investigated the support experiences and needs of carers of a person with depressive or anxiety symptoms, living in Australia. The findings contribute to current literature on mental health carers and offer novel and tangible insights into future research and support opportunities.