bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterizing Biodiversity of Alpine Streams in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming
Authors: Tronstad Lusha , Hotaling Scott , Giersch J. , Finn Debra , Wilmot Oliver , Anderson Mark
Published: July 2020

The highest rate of climate change is occurring in alpine areas above permanent treeline. The Teton Mountains in northwestern Wyoming are one of these ecosystem and little work has been done on alpine streams in the area. We sampled 6 streams in the Teton Mountains in 2015 at both upper and lower sites. We measured environmental variables (e.g., glacierality index, basic water quality, and temperature), aquatic invertebrate assemblages and microbial diversity. The water sources for sampled streams were glacier-fed, snowmelt and icy-seep. Aquatic invertebrate density (116-11,523 ind/m2) and biomass (31-21,704 mg/m2) varied greatly among streams. Snowmelt streams had the highest biomass of invertebrates, but the density and richness did not differ among stream types. Micrbial diversity in groundwater-fed springs harbored higher diversity than glacier-fed streams. The discovery of an icy-seep stream type lead us to sample rock glacier in the Teton Mountains during 2016. We hope to continue to sample alpine streams in the Teton Mountains to understand how climate change will alter streams of different types.
Atlas of Wildlife Migration: Wyoming's Ungulates
Authors: Rudd Bill , Kauffman Matt
Published: July 2020

For thousands of years ungulates have migrated between seasonal ranges in the vast and beautiful landscapes of Wyoming. From mule deer and pronghorn that travel across the Red Desert to the wilderness journeys of elk and moose in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, Wyoming boasts some of the longest and most spectacular migrations in North America. These epic, terrestrial migrations are to many a symbol of Wyomingâs vast intact landscapes. And although these migrations are part of the regionâs cultural heritage, they are poorly understood and threatened by rapidly changing landscapes. Recent research at the University of Wyoming has broken new ground in our understanding of Wyomingâs ungulate
Paleoseismic investigation of the Teton fault at Leigh Lake, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming
Authors: Thackray Glenn , Zellman Mark , Duross Chris B.
Published: July 2020

To improve knowledge of the Teton fault’s ground-rupturing earthquake history, we excavated trenches across two fault scarps near the southwest shore of Leigh Lake. Detailed stratigraphic and sedimentologic analyses allow preliminary inferences regarding the fault history. The trenches exposed faulted glacial sediments and overlying hillslope colluvium sediments, documenting at least two fault ruptures since deglaciation of the range front at ~15 ka. Samples are currently being analyzed using radiocarbon and luminescence dating techniques to determine the ages of the sediments and constrain the timing of fault rupture.

 

Featured photo from Figure 3 in report.
Orbital angular momentum density characteristics of tightly focused polarized Laguerre–Gaussian beam
Authors: Zhao Yufeng , Yao Yong , Xu Xiaochuan , Xu Ke , Yang Yanfu , Tian Jiajun
Published: July 2020

The orbital angular moment (OAM) of light has been proved to be useful in plenty of applications. By transmitting the OAM of the focused light field to a particle, it will be orbited around the optical axis. Therefore, it is necessary to study the OAM distribution of the focused light field used to manipulate the particles. In this application, the widely used paraxial approximation is no longer sufficient due to the tightly focused beam. We employ the higher-order Poincaré sphere to represent the Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beams with arbitrary polarization. Then the Rayleigh–Sommerfeld integral method and the

q

-parameter method are used to derive the analytical expression of the light field on the focal plane. Based on this, the OAM density expression of the tightly focused LG beam is derived. In the numerical simulation, we study and analyze the unique intensity distributions and OAM distributions of tightly focused linear polarized, radial polarized, and circular polarized LG beams. The results could be leveraged to further explore the applications of the polarized vortex beam.
Inspection of disbonds in titanium alloy honeycomb sandwich structures with different skin thicknesses using linear frequency-modulated thermography
Authors: Zhao Hanxue , Zhou Zhenggan , Zhang Defeng , Wang Deguo
Published: July 2020

This paper reports the linear frequency-modulated thermography inspection of disbonds in titanium alloy honeycomb sandwich structures with different skin thicknesses. A three-dimensional finite element model of a titanium alloy honeycomb sandwich structure is built. The maximum value of the phase difference between the disbond defect region and the nondefective region is used to optimize the heating duration and frequency bandwidth. Three titanium alloy honeycomb sandwich structure specimens, with a skin thickness of 0.6 mm, 0.85 mm, and 1.2 mm, respectively, are manufactured, in which skin-to-core disbond defects are prepared. The linear frequency-modulated thermography experiments are carried out on the specimens. The correlation algorithm is used to process the infrared image sequences. The experimental results show that linear frequency-modulated thermography can realize the fast and efficient inspection of the disbonds in titanium alloy honeycomb sandwich structures with different skin thicknesses. For skin thickness ranges from 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm, a heating duration of 22 s and a frequency range of 0.01 Hz–0.21 Hz are recommended.
Enhancement of graphene Faraday rotation in the one-dimensional topological photonic crystals
Authors: Liang Yanzhao , Xiang Yuanjiang , Dai XIaoyu
Published: July 2020

One-dimensional topological photonic crystals (TPCs) with graphene sheet have been proposed to enhance the Faraday rotation (FR). Because of the strong localized field of the topological interface state, the enhanced FR angle with high transmittance has been confirmed. The effects of external magnetic field, unit cell number and multiple interface states of multilayers on FR angle and transmittance are studied. As a result, the FR is raised, which shows a field enhancement constraint at the interface between the TPCs with graphene. The FR angle can reach 16.2° with the high transmission (70%). By constructing multiple interface states, multiple transmission peaks and FR angles are further achieved. Our result would give a fresh idea, which could be applied in nonreciprocal photonic device or optical communication systems.
Single-shot characterization of strongly focused coherent XUV and soft X-ray beams
Authors: Eschen Wilhelm , Tadesse Getnet , Peng Yufei , Steinert Michael , Pertsch Thomas , Limpert Jens , Rothhardt Jan
Published: July 2020

In this Letter, we present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, single-shot method for characterizing focused coherent beams. We utilize a dedicated amplitude-only mask, in combination with an iterative phase retrieval algorithm, to reconstruct the amplitude and phase of a focused beam from a single measured far-field diffraction pattern alone. In a proof-of-principle experiment at a wavelength of 13.5 nm, we demonstrate our new method and obtain an RMS phase error of better than

λ

/

70

. This method will find applications in the alignment of complex optical systems, real-time feedback to adaptive optics, and single-shot beam characterization, e.g., at free-electron lasers or high-order harmonic beamlines.
From Obsolete to Contemporary: National Pavilions and the Venice Biennale
Authors: Ricci Clarissa
Published: July 2020

For over a century, the Venice Biennale and its national pavilions have served as a platform for international artistic display. Despite the fact that national representation has been a pivotal aspect of the Biennale since the first pavilion was built in 1907, there is a lack of deep understanding of the nature of this model. The purpose of this article is to offer an historical account of the conceptual and material predicament of national representation at the Venice Biennale. The focus is directed mainly at the introduction in 1993 of a more transnational approach in the context of an increasingly interconnected and globalized world.
Emergence of Raoultella ornithinolytica isolated from chicken products in Alexandria, Egypt
Authors: El-Shannat Sara M. , El-Tawab Ashraf A. Abd , Hassan Wafaa M. M.
Published: July 2020

Background and Aim: Raoultella ornithinolytica is one of the emerging gram-negative bacteria, which associated with foodborne illness. Researches affirmed that distinguish between R. ornithinolytica and Klebsiella oxytoca are difficult, as they are phylogenetic related. The evolution of multidrug resistance of Raoultella strains gained more concern for recognition of the pathogen which supports in controlling the disease and minify its threat. This study sought to find a reliable tool for the identification of Raoultella ornithinolytica, isolated from chicken product samples, and assessed the resistance profile of R. ornithinolytica using antibiogram sensitivity tests.

Materials and Methods: Forty samples of chicken products were collected between January and September 2019 from different markets in Alexandria Governorate, Egypt. The products included nuggets, strips, burgers, luncheon meats, pane, frankfurters, and minced chicken meat. The samples were transferred to the Reference Laboratory. The samples were subjected to isolation, biochemical reaction testing, phenotypic system analytical profile index (API) E20, and a detection of antimicrobial susceptibility test. Phenotypic identification was confirmed through matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

Results: Thirty-three bacterial isolates (82.50%) out of 40 samples were isolated into pure cultures from the chicken samples. Three isolates (9.09%) were positive for R. ornithinolytica, while 30 isolates (90.91%) exhibited growth characters for different pathogens (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, R. ornithinolytica, and Klebsiella pneumoniae). The isolates of R. ornithinolytica were resistant to five types of antibiotics and sensitive to two types of antibiotics.

Conclusion: This study reported the first case of R. ornithinolytica found in chicken products in Egypt. Phenotypic system API 20E and MALDI-TOF MS were found to be reliable tools for confirming the diagnosis of R. ornithinolytica. As it provides rapid identification with high sensitivity and specificity for R. ornithinolytica, which often do not require a molecular procedure for confirmation.
A SAÚDE DO HOMEM E SUA PERCEPÇÃO SOBRE O SISTEMA PÚBLICO DE SAÚDE: A UBSF E O ATENDIMENTO AO PÚBLICO MASCULINO NO BAIRRO MORADA NOVA, UBERLÂNDIA/MG
Authors: Firmino Marcelo , Gonçalves Moura Gerusa
Published: July 2020

O homem traz consigo condições ligadas ao gênero masculino de que este não adoece, nutrindo a sensação de invulnerabilidade e a busca por serviços de saúde seria uma ação contraditória. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender os fatores que levam o homem a não procurar por serviços na Atenção Primária à Saúde, tendo como local de pesquisa o bairro Morada Nova, em Uberlândia/MG. Para sua realização, a metodologia baseou-se na revisão bibliográfica e na aplicação de um questionário com a população masculina na faixa etária de 20 e 59 anos, residente no território da Unidade Saúde da Família (USF) do bairro Morada Nova (Uberlândia/MG). Com a realização da pesquisa, pode-se verificar que a população pesquisada tem baixa escolaridade e é mais numerosa na faixa etária entre 30 e 49 anos. Todos os entrevistados dependem do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Os serviços de prevenção e promoção à saúde são subutilizados pela população entrevistada, tanto que foi constado que houve uma pequena procura pela realização do exame de próstata. A USF do Morada Nova apresentou resolutividade satisfatória de agravos à saúde na visão dos entrevistados. As justificativas da recusa em participar de ações de saúde direcionadas a eles são: “não tenho tempo”, “não tenho interesse”, “trabalho”, “desconheço as atividades para o homem na USF”. Entretanto, o mesmo público também manifesta o desejo por atividades direcionadas exclusivamente a eles. Dessa forma, pode-se constatar que mesmo após dez anos do incremento da Política Nacional de Saúde do Homem, este ainda carece de serviços de promoção e prevenção de doenças, e os serviços da Atenção Primária de Saúde (APS) ainda não conseguem inserir o homem totalmente em seu rol de ações.
What Would Make Morocco an Emerging Economy?
Authors: Naciri Ahmed
Published: July 2020

Morocco is steadily progressing toward development and may well join the ranks of rich countries as early as in 2022. We perform least squares regressions on a sample of 12 components of economic freedom, for a total of 375 observations over 25 years (1995-2019). We also consider Morocco’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in USD billion, Morocco’s GDP growth as a percentage of change (pcGDP)and Morocco’s per capita GDP based on purchasing power parity (PPP) in USD for the last 25 years. The empirical evidence shows that during this period, Morocco achieved an enviable level of performance by increasing its GDP by 455%, despite the strong demographic pressures exerted by 35% population growth.[1] 

 

However, the country’s performance in relation to some components of its economic freedom was so weak that it may end up jeopardizing this economic development momentum, as expressed by the behaviour of its pcGDP and the increase of this value over time. Morocco must introduce some fundamental changes in its economic freedom policies if it wishes to continue to progress. Fortunately, the country appears to have the determination to do so.

 

[1]According to the IMF, Morocco’s population grew from 26.7995 million in 1995 to 36.47 million in 2019, an increase of 36%.
Poverty In Indonesia: Critical Review
Authors: Idrus Syech , Rosida Lia
Published: July 2020

This article critically review the information regarding poverty issues in Indonesia, by unravelling the causes and impacts of poverty and its aggregates comprising rural poverty, women and poverty, as well as other social indicators. This review article based on data provided in secondary resources shows that Asian Financial crisis in 2008 was regarded as the greatest intrusion of economic stability, rendering more adverse poverty incidences in Indonesia. Although Indonesia could slowly recover from the crisis, poverty remains problematic for certain groups and women in some particular areas especially rural areas. Moreover, despite several policies have been stipulated to deal with poverty such as Rural Development Program and Social Safety Net, some poverty elements related to social capital such as education, employment and health need to be improved. Thus, Indonesian government should pay more attention to improve the quality of the provisions and policies, assuring the beneficial contribution to Indonesian citizens’ welfare.
Valuing of Liquidity Investment Value
Authors: Kozyr Yuriy V.
Published: July 2020

This paper provides a solution to the problem of investment choice between cash and income-generating assets and also describes a possible approach to valuation the relative and absolute value of liquidity in such a situation.
Democracy, Good Governance And Sustainable Development In Nigeria
Authors: Nnaa Biiragbara Godpower , Arugu Love Obiani
Published: July 2020

There is the widespread belief amongst scholars and practioners of public administration that good governance and development are the likely outcomes of democracy. However, what is yet to be given much attention is the sustainability of this outcome. This paper entitled, Democracy, Good Governance and Sustainable Development seeks to investigate critically the relationship between democracy, good governance, and sustainable development in Nigeria. In other words, it aims at establishing a nexus between democratization of the political process and the sustainability of its outcomes on the socio-economic and political well-being of the people. The study adopted the descriptive method mainly through the use of secondary data. Using the political economy paradigm as the unit of analysis, the research found out amongst others that democracy as practiced in Nigeria is yet to yield any significant outcome of good governance nor bring about any meaningful development that can be sustained overtime. And this is due to the observed perennial violations of the ethos of democratic practices exhibited by the political class and the dilapidated institutions in the structure of the Nigerian State. It recommends therefore amongst others that emphasis should be laid on democratization of economic opportunities (social democracy), the betterment of the people, and a strong social welfare system. The paper also suggests that it is only through orderly and consistent democratic good governance procedures and practices that gains of development can be sustained.
An Empirical Analysis of The Effect of Monetary Policy on Inflation in Nigeria; 1970 – 2018
Authors: Darma Nazifi Abdullahi , Abdulsalami Ozovehe
Published: July 2020

This study empirically analysed the effect of monetary policy on inflation in Nigeria; 1970 – 2018. The objective is to determine the effectiveness of monetary policy instruments on inflation in Nigeria. In doing this, relevant literature was reviewed and theoretical relationship between monetary policy and inflation was established following the quantity theory of money by Irving Fisher. The study employed time series data sourced from the statistical bulletin of Central bank of Nigeria (CBN) 2018. Stationarity test was also conducted on the time series data to determine the order of integration using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test. The unit root test revealed that inflation rate was stationary at level i.e. I(0) while monetary policy rate, treasury bill rate and cash reserve ratio were stationary at first difference i.e. I(1). The estimated results showed that there is cointegration between monetary policy variables and inflation rate in Nigeria. The results revealed that Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) was statistically significant in the short run after first difference, which indicates that monetary policy rate (MPR) exerts significant effect on inflation in Nigeria in the short run. Based on these findings, the study concluded that monetary policy variables alone are not sufficient enough in maintaining price stability in Nigeria. Therefore, the Federal government, Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and policy makers should simultaneously use monetary and fiscal policy instruments to maintain price stability in Nigeria.
Reputable Relevant Realistic Reliable and Rigorous Human Resource Management Strategic Approaches and Practices in the 21st century
Authors: Tayali Esnart Mwaba , Sakyi Kwesi Atta
Published: July 2020

Human resource management is a multi-dimensional and complex phenomenon comprising a number of management themes. Without reputable, relevant, realistic, reliable and rigorous Human Resource Management strategic approaches and practices, companies can fail to effectively operate in a global market.  The world has become interconnected as companies operate in a competitive global market economy.  Even though Human Resource Management continuously gains scholarly attention yet there are still many gaps in it which need attention. There is no conclusive research on Human Resource Management strategies and approaches in the management of complex workplace issues. These complex issues faced today include convergence, divergence and cross-vergence of International Human Resource Management approaches, Cross-Cultural Management, Reward Strategy, Talent Management, and Control or Commitment Strategy. This paper provides a springboard for a better understanding of the Human Resource Management strategies, approaches and practices in the management of complex workplace issues.  Appropriate management of people endows companies with unique and indispensable capabilities and capacities needed for differentiating and survival in a global market economy.  The paramount goal of an organisation is to meet and satisfy customer needs and to be a market leader. Reputable, relevant, realistic, reliable and rigorous Human Resource Management strategies can help to fulfil the needs of customers, thereby increasing company profitability.
The Research of Aesthetics of Type as Image in Motion-Targeting Video Poetics at Type Motion: Type as Image in Motion Exhibition in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Chih Ho , Hsieh Sheng-Min
Published: July 2020

Characters are signs and symbols that record our thoughts and feelings and allow the documentation of events and history. Later, the appearance of motion images marked a new milestone in the use and application of characters. Not only were the original function of characters improved and enhanced, text that integrate sound and images are also able to communicate much more diverse and abundant information. This technique is commonly found in cinema, television, advertisement, and animation. Thanks to technological advances, the combination of characters, texts, or types and images once again changed how we read. It has also created new meaning for our time. Today, type image seems to have achieved an aesthetic autonomy of their own. This has a profound impact on image and art creation and human communication.

The emergence of cinema art in the late 19th century brought motion into written media and greatly expanded the possibilities of art. In today’s world of instant communication media, text and images face unprecedented changes. Chinese characters are one of the most ancient writing systems in human history. Unlike western alphabet, each Chinese character has its own form, sound, and meaning. Chinese characters are a highly figurative cultural element. This essay takes Chinese characters and the works featured in the concrete poetry/sound poetry and fragment poetry categories in the National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts “Type Motion: Type as Image in Motion” exhibition as the subject of study to examine the history of text and media and changes in the way we deliver information and communicate. This essay also provides an analysis of the relationship between text and motion image and the interdependency between culture and technology and media. The connections and differences between Chinese characters in different time and space is also investigated to highlight the uniqueness of the characters as a medium, its application in motion writing techniques and aesthetic forms.

This essay focuses on the following four topics:

Artistic expression and styles related to the development of type as image in motion.

Video poetics: the association between poetics and video images, poetic framework, and analysis of film poetry.

Structure, format, characteristics, and presentation of meaning in concrete poetry/sound poetry, and fragment poetry.

how Chinese characters are used in Taiwan and the aesthetic features of type through the exhibited works.
Students’ Perceptions of Preparation for Online Graduate Course Work
Authors: Carver Lin B , Rivera-Singletary Georgina
Published: July 2020

An anonymous online survey was used to understand participants’ perceptions about their preparation for online coursework. Sixty students from five graduate programs in education completed a 1-4 Likert scale survey with 20-questions and six open-ended responses. Quantitative responses from the 20 questions were divided into two subgroups, those younger than or equal to 40 years of age, and those over 40 years of age based on Prensky's date for the beginning of the digital native group. Qualitative data were collected through 6 open-ended questions from the same survey. Data revealed that both subgroups felt well prepared when registering for online courses. However, when it came to overall preparedness for using technology, those over 40 years of age did not view themselves as well prepared as those younger than 40. Using digital resources outside of the learning management system presented more significant challenges to the older subgroup of learners. Two factors impacting graduate students’ online performance became evident through this study; the impact of technology experience rather than age and what is meant for a student to be well-prepared for online course work.
Implementation of Advocate Special Professional Education Program (PKPA) by PKPA Institutions, Indonesian Advocates Association (AAI) Bandung
Authors: Gintings Abdorrakhman , Bulan Renova Rumondang , Sanusi Achmad , Hanafiah Nanang
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to answer two main questions, which are: a) aspects of organizing Advocate Special Professional Education Program organized by PKPA institutions and the Indonesian Advocates Association and b) efforts to improve and follow up programs organized by the Indonesian Advocates Association. The data of this study were collected from 49 respondents consisted of 1 Head of Bandung City institution, 1 Head of the program division, 2 program coordinators, 15 facilitators/lecturers and 30 participants in Bandung City education and training program. Data that has been collected from the interview process and questionnaire dissemination are then enriched and triangulated by monitoring the sustainability of program implementation which includes program planning, program implementation, program evaluation and verifying documents on program implementation plans, human resources (HR), Infrastructure, and evaluations on post-education of advocate profession. The results of the data analysis show that Bandung's advocate professional education combines two methods by combining academics and practitioners so as to produce professional advocates. In conclusion, the Advocate Special Professional Education Program remains consistent with Law Number 18 of 2003 concerning Advocates, this is due to the increasing number of graduates in law majors who are interested become lawyers so that they can solve problem correctly. It is recommended that advocate professional education services organized by the institution be followed up with statistics data of participant that have passed, facilities and other learning tools that are in accordance with the procedures of the institution.
Managing Male And Female Athletes For Increased Sports Performance In Public Universities In Rivers State
Authors: Deemua G. A.
Published: July 2020

For any organistion to survive, it must depend on the good welfare package which such organization has for the staff and students inclusive. Managing student-athletes behaviours pre-requisite for increased sports performance at the university level. However, in recent times, university administrators have not been giving attention to properly managed and prepare their athletes for national and international competitives. These problems like inadequate funding, lack of facility and training equipment, poor training programmes, poor motivational techniques and, lack of incentives have been attributed to over management of athletes’ behaviour which has affected the performance of athletes. Parents, coaches and stakeholders in the sports industry need to play as stronger educational and supervisory role so that these young athletes will be able to acquire both physical and intellectual-skills which will enable them to live well and help in the development of the society.
Special educational needs: Do we know how to educate?
Authors: Tomé José Manuel Salum
Published: July 2020

This article reports the results that its objective is to analyze the evolution of political discourse in Chile on special educational needs, as well as to analyze the relationship of the discourse with the main public policy initiatives regarding legislation, fiscal budget and direct executive action. It can be seen that it is possible to identify important changes in the use of the main concepts, emphasis and discussions associated with the promotion of inclusive education. In addition, there is growing interest in the issue of diversity, both nationally and internationally, which is expressed in increasingly specific public policy initiatives to promote inclusive education. However, there are still gaps and gaps between political discourse and policy initiatives, as well as between the approach of public policies in Chile and the state of art of the international discussion on the subject.
Filozofia prawa – przedmiot, funkcje i znaczenie społeczno-kulturowe
Authors: Wójtowicz Ryszard
Published: July 2020

This article is an attempt to answer the question of: what is philosophy of law? What is philosophical reflection on law? What is the relation between the reflection on law and law “itself”? When defining philosophy of law I share the view that in the definition philosophy is genus proximum, whereas law is differentia specifica. The functions of philosophy of law are manifested in the social and cultural reality and depend on, among others, which sphere of man’s activity they are connected with. One of the functions is putting the ‘theory’ into practice, usage, legal practice, and rule-making because of the ideal of justice. However, the importance of philosophy of law can be expressed by the thesis: of inseparability of two values: freedom and law, because in philosophy of law understood as this (in the spirit of I. Kant’s philosophy), only law can guarantee freedom, thus the freedom of an individual assumes the existence of law, acceptation of law in all spheres of man’s activity in culture.
Twardowski – Rubczyński – Hempel. Religia jako humanistyczny element myślenia o rzeczywistości społecznej
Authors: Kojkoł Jerzy
Published: July 2020

This article offers an interpretation of the views of three thinkers who represent theoretical approaches to the social functions of religion. These are: K. Twardowski, W. Rubczyński i J. H. Hempel. The discussed views, which are characteristic of Polish philosophy, emphasize the import_ance or religion and all kinds of faith for shaping a human being who is open to “Others” and shaping spirituality based on altruism. The authors presented in the article have the highest respect for outstanding people who do not abandon themselves to passions, focus on the matters most import_ant for the state, promote sound patriotism and reject political nationalism.
The Weighted Mean Curvature Derivative of a Space-Filling Diagram
Authors: Akopyan Arsenyi , Edelsbrunner Herbert
Published: July 2020

Representing an atom by a solid sphere in 3-dimensional Euclidean space, we get the space-filling diagram of a molecule by taking the union. Molecular dynamics simulates its motion subject to bonds and other forces, including the solvation free energy. The morphometric approach [12, 17] writes the latter as a linear combination of weighted versions of the volume, area, mean curvature, and Gaussian curvature of the space-filling diagram. We give a formula for the derivative of the weighted mean curvature. Together with the derivatives of the weighted volume in [7], the weighted area in [3], and the weighted Gaussian curvature [1], this yields the derivative of the morphometric expression of the solvation free energy.
Palladium diselenide as a direct absorption saturable absorber for ultrafast mode-locked operations: from all anomalous dispersion to all normal dispersion
Authors: Xu Nannan , Wang Haifeng , Zhang Huanian , Guo Linguang , Shang Xinxin , Jiang Shouzhen , Li Dengwang
Published: July 2020

Layered transition metal dichalcogenides with excellent nonlinear absorption properties have shown remarkable performance in acting as ultrafast photonics devices. In our work, palladium diselenide (PdSe2) nanosheets with competitive advantages of wide tunable bandgap, unique puckered pentagonal structure and excellent air stability are prepared by the liquid-phase exfoliation method. Its ultrafast absorption performance was verified by demonstrating conventional and dissipative soliton operations within Er-doped fiber lasers. The minimum pulse width of the conventional soliton was 1.19 ps. Meanwhile, dissipative soliton with a 46.67 mW output power, 35.37 nm spectrum width, 14.92 ps pulse width and 2.86 nJ pulse energy was also generated successfully. Our enhanced experiment results present the excellent absorption performance of PdSe2 and highlight the capacity of PdSe2 in acting as ultrafast photonics devices.
Crystal structure of (μ2-1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-P,P′)-bis[(Z)-O-isopropyl N-(4-chlorophenyl)thiocarbamato-S]-di-gold(I) acetonitrile di-solvate, C54H50Au2Cl2FeN2O2P2S2⋅2(C2H3N)
Authors: Yeo Chien Ing , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: July 2020

C58H56Au2Cl2FeN4O2P2S2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.5422(3) Å, b = 13.2143(4) Å, c = 14.0226(4)) Å, α = 65.764(3)°, β = 78.311(2)°, γ = 80.090(3)°, V = 1406.39(8) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0213, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0477, T = 100 K.
Indigenous Territorialities, Remarking the American Differend
Authors: Seitz Brian
Published: July 2020

This article attempts to articulate the different reasons for needing to be diligent and rigorous regarding land claims. Many progressives are inclined to assert that there are multiple perspectives to everything. And, such a position may very well be, in fact, accurate (true). But it may also prove to be not very useful toward considering the complex and multi-layered story of indigenous land claims. What this article highlights is one particular story, the history of a “differend.”
Environmental Studies and Ethnic Studies
Authors: Pellow David N.
Published: July 2020

This article offers insights into conceptual, pedagogical, and programmatic crossings and conflicts between the fields of Environmental Studies and Ethnic Studies. It highlights both the important intersections between the two fields and their potential value, while also addressing the challenges posed in the development of programmatic collaborations. Utilizing case studies drawn from the author’s own experiences, the article’s focus is on harnessing the strengths and limitations of both fields to promote transformative knowledge and action at multiple scales.
Humorismo, la cultura de la risa
Authors: Beltrán Almería Luis
Published: July 2020

Las categorías estéticas suelen ser imprecisas, pero mucho más lo son las que giran en torno al concepto de risa o humor. Esa imprecisión tiene varias causas: la primera es la no consideración de formas de comunicación previas al lenguaje oral articulado. La segunda causa es imponer a los fenómenos humorísticos un sentido único: alegre y liberador. Y un tercer error viene a suponer la risa como una excepción en un contexto de seriedad. La seriedad sería lo natural y la risa lo excepcional. Estos problemas conllevan la necesidad de una categorización unitaria y primordial, que dé cuenta de la gran evolución de los fenómenos culturales y de la escisión entre la cultura popular y la cultura sabia. A partir del concepto de grotesco, este artículo se refiere al alcance de los fenómenos de la risa en el contexto de la gran evolución cultural de la humanidad.
La modernización de la risa en Costa Rica: Jiménez y Marín Cañas
Authors: Ramírez Villalobos Grethel , Baltodano Román Gabriel
Published: July 2020

Se examinan las relaciones entre humor y literatura moderna a partir de dos novelistas costarricenses de inicios del siglo xx: Max Jiménez y José Marín Cañas. En Unos fantoches y en Tú, la imposible se manifiesta el empleo de la risa cínica y la ironía como medios para el análisis artístico de la degradación social y la crisis del hombre moderno. Por su adscripción estético-ideológica, estos relatos implicaron una renovación de las letras costarricenses, alimentada por el contacto con los movimientos históricos de vanguardia y con las estéticas modernas del humor literario.
Die Landwirtschaft der arischen Völker aus der frühen Eisenzeit: Tiere und Menschen im vorachämenidischen Mittelasien1
Authors: BLESA CUENCA JOSÉ LUIS
Published: July 2020

The Iranian peoples, or Aryans as they called themselves, are the indisputable characters of the last millennium of the history of the Ancient Near East. How they began to take part in the history of Central Asia to become some of the most eminent rulers of Late Antiquity, is still difficult to follow today. Our intention in this paper is to collect the work on this subject of Soviet scholars and relate it with those carried out by archaeologists from different countries in cooperation with the Central Asian republics, particularly with our research within the frame- work of the Turkmen-Spanish archaeological Mission in Dahistan (Southwestern Turkmenistan). Through archaeological data, as well as through written sources, we will focus on the faunas that lived with these people, and put them in connection with the re-writing of the history of the so- called Median Empire.
number of pores per area of eggshells is not always a reliable indicator of Rheidae species
Authors: NAVARRO J.L. , GARCÍA K.A. , GONZÁLEZ G. , MARTELLA M.B.
Published: July 2020

From the end of the Pleistocene and up until the late Holocene, bones and abun- dant eggshell fragments testify to the hunting by the indigenous people of Rheidae in the Pampas and Chaco regions (greater rhea, Rhea americana), and in the Argentinian Patagonia (lesser/ Darwin´s rhea, R.pennata). The traditional method to set apart eggshell fragments from these two species consisted in counting the number pores on a given area to estimate their density. In this paper we evaluate the validity of this method with a new protocol to facilitate counting and assess its reliability on a large eggshell sample. As has been repeatedly proved, the greater rhea has a larger pore density than the lesser rhea. However, the variability of this density within each species, and even within the same egg, needs to be considered as this may lead to erroneous identification. More so when the number of pores per cm2 falls in the lowest range of the greater rhea or the highest range of the lesser rhea. In general, it is easier to misidentify a greater rheaeggshell fragment for that of the lesser rhea than the other way around. The possibility of misidentification also depends on the area of the shell that is being analyzed, since the original method did not apparently assess the density of pores in different areas of the same egg for each species. Although our results indicate that identification based on the original method is not as reliable as the one we propose here, a reappraisal of it with larger samples deriving from a larger specter of populations from both species would be recommendable.
Dismissal from Service (Resignation of M. A. Dostoevsky According to Archival Documents of 1837)
Authors: Bessonova Albina S.
Published: July 2020

The least amount of documentary evidence has been preserved about the early period of F. M. Dostoevsky's life. Three documents discovered in the Russian state historical archive related to the 1837 resignation of Mikhail Andreevich Dostoevsky, the writer's father, are published and examined in the article. These are the report of the Moscow Board of Trustees to Nicholas I, the report of the chief doctor of the Mariinsky hospital for the poor A. A. Richter and the service record of M. A. Dostoevsky. The last document that provides important information about the official career of the writer's father, is provided in full for the first time in the Appendix to the article. The authors of preceding publications about the childhood and youth of F. M. Dostoevsky only referenced the service record of M. A. Dostoevsky or quoted the previously published passages. These documents contain the information about the size of the pension due to retired physician Dostoevsky, his service characteristics, and a list of his awards. The article raises one of the most debated questions, namely, the date of birth of the writer's father. Together, the documents on the resignation of M. A. Dostoevsky reveal new facts and clarify those already known from his 1830s biography, and therefore elucidate the circumstances of the great Russian writer's youth.
An Album from Argentina: Dostoevsky in the Сollection of A. I. Kalugin
Authors: Andrianova Irina S.
Published: July 2020

The reserves of the Alexander Solzhenitsyn House of Russian Abroad in Moscow holds 84 large-format albums with clippings from emigrant newspapers from the 1940s and 1950s, selected according to various subjects (Necropolis, Icons, Church, Our achievements, etc.). These materials are a valuable source for researchers, since the collections of emigrant periodicals in Russian and foreign libraries are fragmented. All albums are predictably associated with the activities of the Russian emigrants. In 1996, A. I. and N. D. Solzhenitsyns transferred them to the collection of the House. The materials were initially received from the collector himself — Alexey Ivanovich Kalugin (1883-1982), a Russian emigrant who lived in Lithuania, Germany, Italy and Argentina. The article clarifies a number of biographical facts about Kalugin, presents a letter to him from A. I. Solzhenitsyn dated September 21, 1980, analyzes the content of the album "Dostoevsky" from the Russian Writers series. In it Kalugin included excerpts from Golos naroda, Novoe russkoe slovo, Russkaya mysl, Narodnaya pravda, Za pravdu, Nasha strana, Seyatel, and other newspapers that reported on new editions of the writer's books, performances, literary debates and lectures devoted to his work (professor V. N. Ilyin, writer Osip Dymov, etc.). They also contained information on the activities of the “Circle for the study of Dostoevsky” in Paris under the leadership of G. A. Meyer, and presented the commemoration program for the 70th anniversary of Dostoevsky's death in France. The album includes reviews of published books about the writer's work, articles about his life and work written by critics and emigrant researchers, the first publications of essays by I. S. Shmelev, B. K. Zaitsev and A. M. Remizov about Dostoevsky in Russian, etc. Among the little-known materials previously unpublished in Russia, the Kalugin album contains an article by Ekaterina Dostoevskaya about Fedyusha – the writer's grandson, a publication of the boy's poems, Professor V. N. Speransky's memoirs about Anna Dostoevskaya and an interview with her. These materials are published in the Appendix to the article.
Comparative cytotoxic effects of methanol, ethanol and DMSO on human cancer cell lines
Authors: Nguyen Sinh Truong , Nguyen Huyen Thi-Lam , Truong Kiet Dinh
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Anti-tumor drug screening is the most popular technique in drug discovery. In this technique, various agents were tested for their cytotoxicity on cell lines, particularly cancer cell lines. Since most of these agents are weakly soluble in water, they can be normally dissolved in lipophilic solvents. To obtain accurate results, the requirement of these solvents are that they be biocompatible and non-toxic to cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological effects of the three agents most commonly used as drug vehicles, i.e. dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethanol and methanol, using cell proliferation measurement techniques.

Methods: To minimize the errors from the measurement techniques, this study used the xCelligence RTCA system which entails real-time monitoring of cell proliferation without dye labeling. Under the wide range concentration of solvents (from 0% to 100% of solvents by serial dilutions), the cell index (CI) and slope of cell proliferation curves of HepG2, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and VNBRCA1 cell lines were analyzed (by the software provided by the xCelligence system).

Results: The results showed that DMSO had a significant toxicity and inhibition of proliferation on 4 cell lines, at the concentrations of 10%, 5%, 2.5% and 1.25% (p<0.0001). Methanol and ethanol inhibited cellular proliferation at the concentrations of 10% and 5% (p<0.0001). The concentrations of ethanol and methanol ranging from 2.5% to 0.15% concentration were well-tolerated by cells with respect to proliferation. Depending on the extracts or agents, each should be diluted in the suitable vehicle at the proper concentrations.

Conclusion: Ethanol and methanol are good choices for solvents since they have low toxicity on HepG2, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and VNBRCA1 cell lines. However, in the case of agents only dissolvable in DMSO, low concentrations of DMSO from 0.6%-0.015% should be considered.
Az első hazai direkt akusztikus középfül-implantáció
Authors: Uzsaly János , Gerlinger Imre , Bodzai Gréta , Kovács Márton , Bakó Péter
Published: July 2020

Absztrakt:

A hallásjavító implantátumok térnyerésével szinte bármely súlyosságú
halláscsökkenés hatékonyan rehabilitálható. Magyarországon először a Pécsi
Tudományegyetem Klinikai Központjának Fül-Orr-Gégészeti és Fej-Nyaksebészeti
Klinikáján került sor Codacs™ (Cochlear’s direct acoustic cochlear stimulator;
Cochlear, Sydney, Ausztrália) implantációjára. Ez az implantátum egy, a
középfülbe helyezhető elektromechanikus elven működő hallásjavító eszköz, melyet
súlyos fokú, siketséggel határos, kevert típusú, kétoldali halláscsökkenés
esetén ajánlhatunk fel betegeinknek. Esetünkben kétoldali előrehaladott
otosclerosisban szenvedő, 67 éves férfi betegünk részesült
Codacs™-implantációban, mellyel páciensünk posztoperatív hallásküszöbe és
beszédértése nagymértékben javult. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(24): 1015–1019.
Az ülő életmóddal kapcsolatos tényezők idősotthonban élő, járásképes idős személyek körében
Authors: Simon András , Vass Zsolt , Farkas Valéria , Gyombolai Zsigmond , Kovács Éva
Published: July 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Az ülő életmód nemcsak számos krónikus betegség,
valamint a multimorbiditás kockázatát növeli, de az idős személyek hamarabb
elveszítik funkcionális önállóságukat is. Az ülő életmód csökkentését célzó
intézkedések megtervezéséhez fontos az ülő életmóddal kapcsolatos tényezők
ismerete. Célkitűzés: Leírni az ülő tevékenységek formáit és
időtartamát, továbbá az ülő életmóddal kapcsolatban álló szociodemográfiai,
egészségi, valamint életmódbeli tényezőket a fővárosban és vonzáskörzetében lévő
idősotthonokban élő, járásképes idős emberek körében. Módszer:
A kutatásban részt vevő 248 személy körében kérdőívvel felvett adatainkat
logisztikus regresszióval elemeztük. Eredmények: Az ülő életmód
összesen 159 személyre, a minta 64,1%-ára volt jellemző. Mintánkban az ülő
életmóddal a dohányzás, az időskorra jellemző krónikus betegségek száma, az
intézményben élés időtartama és a járási segédeszköz használata mutatott
összefüggést. Következtetés: Azokra az idősotthonban élő idős
emberekre jellemző az ülő életmód, akik több krónikus betegségben szenvednek,
régebben költöztek be az intézménybe, és dohányoznak. Ezért a vezető döntéshozó
pozícióban dolgozó diplomás szakembereknek elsősorban az ő körükben kell
erőfeszítéseket tenniük az ülő életmód megváltoztatására: tájékoztatással,
felvilágosítással, érdeklődésüknek és állapotuknak megfelelő programok
felkínálásával. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(28): 1175–1180.
The Implementation Of Flipped Classroom In Promoting Students' Learning Autonomy In A Call Class
Authors: Christ Doherti Eunike Natalia , Wulandari Mega
Published: July 2020

This research aims at investigatingthe implementation of flipped classroom in CALLclass and how it can improve students’ learning autonomy. This research is a case study. The data gathering techniques used in this study were interviews, observations, and questionnaire and it employed descriptive analysis technique. The result showed that the flipped classroom in CALL class was divided into two main category, namely inside and outside class activities. The study also revealed that flipped classroom promoted students’ learning autonomy in six aspects, namely helping the students determine their learning objectives, define the content and progression, select the methods and techniques to be used, monitor the procedure of their learning strategy, evaluate what they had acquired, and prepare themselves to become teachers.