bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Model for Early Endoscopic Detection of High‐Risk Gastroesophageal Varices in Children With Biliary Atresia
Authors: Ackermann Oanez , de Boissieu Paul , Bernard Olivier , Gonzales Emmanuel , Jacquemin Emmanuel , Duché Mathieu
Published: January 2022

Objective:

In children with biliary atresia and portal hypertension, progression to gastroesophageal varices carrying a risk of bleeding depends on age, total serum bilirubin concentration and initial endoscopic features. We report an attempt to use these factors for early detection of high‐risk varices (HRVs).

Methods:

Based on different combinations of these factors, a model was set to estimate the probabilities of emergence of HRVs at various time intervals. A 10% probability was chosen to set the date of the next endoscopy in children who did not display HRVs initially. A total of 113 children without HRVs who underwent their first endoscopy before age 8 in 2013–2020 were included. A comparison was made with children seen during the period 1990–2012 when this model was not used.

Results:

In all, 65 of the 113 children underwent one to five additional endoscopies at dates set according to the model. The emergence of HRVs was recorded in 22 children after a mean interval of 14 months and was managed by endoscopic primary prophylaxis in all but one who underwent liver transplantation. Three other children bled before the next planned endoscopy. Compared with 175 children of the same age ranges without HRVs in the period 1990–2012, the use of the model was associated with a faster detection of HRVs with a lower number of endoscopic procedures (P = 0.0022 and P = 0.023, respectively).

Conclusion:

The results suggest that the model reported may be a useful tool for the early detection of HRVs to allow primary prophylaxis of bleeding.
Favorable Outcomes
Authors: Smith Mary , Rumoro Adriana , Staffileno Beth A.
Published: January 2022

This article describes how a traditional in-person general nursing orientation was converted to a hybrid program, incorporating online and modified in-person components during the COVID-19 pandemic. From April to September 2020, our hybrid program successfully onboarded 125 new nurses while maintaining all COVID-19 safety precautions. As the global pandemic persists, nursing professional development teams will continue to require innovative ways to onboard nurses while meeting all orientation requirements, such as our hybrid program.
Does Immunohistochemistry Add to Morphology in Differentiating Trichoepithelioma, Desmoplastic Trichoepithelioma, Morpheaform Basal Cell Carcinoma, and Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma?
Authors: Mohanty Sambit K. , Sardana Ruhani , McFall Michael , Pradhan Dinesh , Usmani Amena , Jha Shilpy , Mishra Sourav K. , Sampat Nakul Y. , Lobo Anandi , Wu Julie M. , Balzer Bonnie L. , Frishberg David P.
Published: January 2022

Background:

The distinction among cutaneous basaloid neoplasms such as trichoepithelioma (TE), desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE), morpheaform basal cell carcinoma (MBCC), and microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) can be difficult, especially in superficial biopsies. As the treatment plan of each entity is different, accurate characterization is important for appropriate management. While TE and DTE are benign neoplasms with indolent behavior, MBCC and MAC are typically locally aggressive. The expression of several recently described immunohistochemical (IHC) markers, including p40, IMP3, and ProEx C, has not been adequately established in cutaneous neoplasms. We explored the potential utility of a broad IHC panel, including previously reported and novel markers to differentiate TE, DTE, MBCC, and MAC.

Design:

A total of 35 archival cases [TE (n=14), DTE (n=9), MBCC (n=6), and MAC (n=6)] were stained with 9 IHC markers: p40, IMP3, ProEx C, p16, CK20, Ki-67, androgen receptor, D2-40, and beta-catenin. Tumors with >5% immunoreactivity were scored as positive. The intensity was scored on a scale from 1+ to 3+. The pattern of positivity- nuclear, cytoplasmic, membranous, or in combination; peripheral or central distribution with lesion was also recorded.

Results:

CK20 (in contrast to prior studies) and IMP3 were negative in all cases. Likewise, with the exception of one case of TE, androgen receptor showed no immunoreactivity in all categories. No significant difference was observed in the expression of beta-catenin, p16, ProEx C, and p40 among the four groups of cutaneous neoplasms. The mean Ki-67 labeling index for MBCC (8%) was slightly higher than DTE (3%). Interestingly, the proliferation index for TE (15%) was significantly higher than that of MBCC. All six cases of MAC and 36% of TEs expressed D2-40; neither the MBCC nor DE cases showed D2-40immunoreactivity. Also, we confirmed the previously published observation of scattered CK20 positive Merkel cells in the epidermis of all cases of DTE; whereas, no Merkel cells were identified in MBCC and MAC cases.

Conclusions:

Except Ki-67, our IHC panel showed no significant added diagnostic utility of IHC in discriminating among TE, DTE, MBCC, and MAC. Among the four cutaneous neoplasms, DTE and MBCC show a small but discernible difference in Ki-67.
Release of Matrix Metalloproteinases by Macrophages in Radicular Cysts and Residual Radicular Cysts
Authors: França Glória M. , Medeiros Cristianne K.S. , Almeida Dennys R.M.F. , Pinheiro Juliana C. , de Andrade Ana L.D.L. , Santos Pedro P.A. , Galvão Hébel C.
Published: January 2022

Introduction:

Radicular cysts (RCs) and residual radicular cysts (RRCs) are the sequelae of dental caries and that leads to proliferation of epithelial rests of Malassez in periapical tissues.

Objectives:

The aim was to evaluate the relationship between Langerhans cells, macrophages, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9, MMP-13), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the capsule and lining epithelium of cystic lesions.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty RCs and 20 RRCs were submitted to immunohistochemical analysis with anti-CD68, anti-CD1a, anti-MMP-9, anti-MMP-13, and anti-TNF-α antibodies. The Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman correlation test were used for analysis of the data (P<0.05).

Results:

The immunoexpression of MMP-13 and CD68 was significantly higher in RCs when compared with RRCs (P=0.011 and 0.012, respectively). The presence of an intense inflammatory infiltrate was significantly correlated with the immunoexpression of CD68 in RCs (P=0.025). Expression of CD68 showed a significant positive correlation with MMP-13 (P=0.015). A moderate correlation was observed between MMP-9 and MMP-13 (P=0.010). TNF-α expression was more common in RCs (P=0.001). CD1a was more frequently expressed in atrophic epithelium (P=0.041) and was significantly correlated with TNF-α (P=0.014).

Conclusion:

Langerhans cells induce a greater release of TNF-α which, in turn, is responsible for the stimulation of M1 macrophages. Higher immunoexpression of MMP-13 and MMP-9 is observed in the early stages of RCs compared with RRCs. Therefore, the toxins of microorganisms present in highly inflamed RCs are the main factors triggering a proinflammatory immune response and greater cystic expansion in the early stages of these lesions.
Isolation and Identification of taxonomically diverse bacterial endophytes from citrus in Punjab Pakistan
Authors: Mushtaq Sehrish , Shafiq Muhammad , Ashraf Tehseen , Qureshi Fahim , Haider Muhammad Saleem , Atta Sagheer
Published: January 2022

Citrus is an economically important fruit crop grown in all provinces of Pakistan, while Punjab accounting for 95 percent of total production due to its favorable climate for citrus production. Commercially grown varieties in Pakistan include sweet oranges, grapefruits, Mandarine, Lime, and lemon. The goal of this research was to see how diverse the cultivable bacterial populations are found in citrus cultivars. Out of 90 isolated cultures, 37 endophytic bacterial species and 15 different genera of bacteria were characterized based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular methods from citrus leaves. All the isolated bacteria were subjected to PCR amplification through 16S rDNA followed by sequencing. RDP base classification revealed that class Bacilli has the largest percentage of isolates, whereas class Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Proteobacteria have the lowest percentage among all genotypes used. According to the findings, the phylum Firmicutes contains a common genus (Brevibacterium, 1%; Enterococcus, 6%; Staphylococcus, 7% and Bacillus, 60%). Alpha (Rhizobium) beta (Burkholderia cepacia; Comamonas terigena) gamma Proteobacteria (Enterobacter hermachei (1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1%), Proteus mirabilis (8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5%), Psychrobacter pulmonis and Yersinia molalretti (1%) respectively. These results revealed that cultivars of the plants might contribute to the structure and endophytic bacterial communities associated with citrus. Endophytes extracted from leaf samples of different citrus cultivars in Pakistan are reported for the first time. The idea of employing endophytes bacteria to produce enzymes stimulate plant growth, and its purpose as a biological control agent will be investigated in the future.
Wnt5A supports antigen cross-presentation and CD8 T cell activation
Authors: Sarraf Tresa Rani , Sen Malini
Published: January 2022

Antigen processing, cross-presentation, and antigen-specific CD8 T cell response form part and parcel of T cell-mediated immunity. Yet, lacunae remain in our understanding of antigen processing/presentation and CD8 T cell response. Given the association of Wnt5A signaling with immune homeostasis, we evaluated the utility of Wnt5A in antigen processing, cross-presentation, and CD8 T cell activation. Using mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells as antigen-presenting cells and ovalbumin as a model antigen we found that Wnt5A mediated regulation of actin and proteasome dynamics is inherently associated with antigen processing. A Wnt5A-Actin-Protasome axis also contributes to antigen cross-presentation and antigen responsive CD8 T cell expansion. In concurrence with these observations, we demonstrated impaired activation of ovalbumin-specific CD8 T cells in ovalbumin immunized Wnt5A heterozygous mice as illustrated by their poor CD8 T cell recall response to ovalbumin when compared to similarly immunized wild type cohorts. Our results suggest that Wnt5A signaling-directed antigen processing/presentation could be vital for generating CD8 T cell recall response to antigen, thus shedding light on a critical parameter of immunity.
Identification of bacteria strains using the Recombinase Polymerase Amplification assay on a miniaturized solid-state pH sensor
Authors: Nguyen Anh H. , Malhotra Samir , Lau Michael P.H. , Cao Hung
Published: January 2022

Rapid identification of bacteria based on nucleic acid amplification allows dealing with the detection of pathogens in clinical, food, and environmental samples. Amplification product must be detected and analyzed by external devices or integrated complicated optical systems. Here, we developed a solid-state pH electrode based on iridium oxide (IrO2) films to measure released hydrogen ions (H+) from isothermal nucleic acid (NA) amplification of bacterial samples. By recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), we achieved rapid (< 15 min) and sensitive (<30 copies) detection with an accuracy of about 0.03 pH. The RPA-based hydrogen ion sensing assay shows higher specificity, sensitivity, and efficiency as the same polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. We initially used the RPA-based sensor to detect E. coli species in laboratory samples. Among, 27 random laboratory samples of E. coli samples, 6 were found to be DH5alpha, 9 BL21, 3 HB101, 6 TOP10, and 3 JM109. The electrical detection of amplification provides generally applicable techniques for the detection of nucleic acid amplification, enabling molecular diagnostic tests in the field and integrating data transmission to the mobile device. These results can be future developed into an efficient tool for rapid on-site detection of bacterial pathogens in clinical samples.
Italian wine sustainability: new trends in consumer behaviors for the millennial generation
Authors: Gazzola Patrizia , Grechi Daniele , Pavione Enrica , Gilardoni Gloria
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The role of sustainability is predominant in many aspects of consumer purchasing decisions. Millennials and young people are, in this field, potential players who buy and consume wine with ecosustainable decisions but, in the literature, these aspects are analyzed with nonuniform findings. This paper aims to investigate the wine consumption among young people belonging to the millennial generation, Y generation and Z generation considering also the gender.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a questionnaire with 2000 respondents. The data are analyzed to understand consumption decisions in the wine sector. This information is analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics (hypothesis test and multiple regression).

Findings

The results of the paper show a clear propensity to be sustainable of the young generation compared with the elderly, highlighting the role of Millennials. Moreover, considering gender, there is a greater sustainable wine tendency (considering both the environmental and the economic/decisional component) in female compared with male.

Research limitations/implications

This work reflects the Italian reality of the pre-COVID-19 period. Obviously, the pandemic situation and the geographic scenario analyzed could change the results of a second wave of the survey.

Social implications

This study contributes to improve the knowledge concerning the wine consumption habits of Italian young generations.

Originality/value

The paper manages to underline the different aspects of sustainability in the wine purchasing decisions by young consumers by focusing on the considered generations.
Drought assessment in paddy rice fields using remote sensing technology towards achieving food security and SDG2
Authors: Shams Esfandabadi Hadi , Ghamary Asl Mohsen , Shams Esfandabadi Zahra , Gautam Sneha , Ranjbari Meisam
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This research aims to monitor vegetation indices to assess drought in paddy rice fields in Mazandaran, Iran, and propose the best index to predict rice yield.

Design/methodology/approach

A three-step methodology is applied. First, the paddy rice fields are mapped by using three satellite-based datasets, namely SRTM DEM, Landsat8 TOA and MYD11A2. Second, the maps of indices are extracted using MODIS. And finally, the trend of indices over rice-growing seasons is extracted and compared with the rice yield data.

Findings

Rice paddies maps and vegetation indices maps are provided. Vegetation Health Index (VHI) combining average Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and minimum Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), and also VHI combining TCImin and VCImin are found to be the most proper indices to predict rice yield.

Practical implications

The results serve as a guideline for policy-makers and practitioners in the agro-food industry to (1) support sustainable agriculture and food safety in terms of rice production; (2) help balance the supply and demand sides of the rice market and move towards SDG2; (3) use yield prediction in the rice supply chain management, pricing and trade flows management; and (4) assess drought risk in index-based insurances.

Originality/value

This study, as one of the first research assessing and mapping vegetation indices for rice paddies in northern Iran, particularly contributes to (1) extracting the map of paddy rice fields in Mazandaran Province by using satellite-based data on cloud-computing technology in the Google Earth Engine platform; (2) providing the map of VCI and TCI for the period 2010–2019 based on MODIS data and (3) specifying the best index to describe rice yield through proposing different calculation methods for VHI.
A novel adaptive discrete grey prediction model for forecasting development in energy consumption structure—from the perspective of compositional data
Authors: Qian Wuyong , Zhang Hao , Sui Aodi , Wang Yuhong
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to make a prediction of China's energy consumption structure from the perspective of compositional data and construct a novel grey model for forecasting compositional data.

Design/methodology/approach

Due to the existing grey prediction model based on compositional data cannot effectively excavate the evolution law of correlation dimension sequence of compositional data. Thus, the adaptive discrete grey prediction model with innovation term based on compositional data is proposed to forecast the integral structure of China's energy consumption. The prediction results from the new model are then compared with three existing approaches and the comparison results indicate that the proposed model generally outperforms existing methods. A further prediction of China's energy consumption structure is conducted into a future horizon from 2021 to 2035 by using the model.

Findings

China's energy structure will change significantly in the medium and long term and China's energy consumption structure can reach the long-term goal. Besides, the proposed model can better mine and predict the development trend of single time series after the transformation of compositional data.

Originality/value

The paper considers the dynamic change of grey action quantity, the characteristics of compositional data and the impact of new information about the system itself on the current system development trend and proposes a novel adaptive discrete grey prediction model with innovation term based on compositional data, which fills the gap in previous studies.
Higher education teachers' perception and use of Content Representations in lesson study
Authors: Hervas Gabriel , Medina José Luis
Published: January 2022

Purpose

“Content Representations” (CoRes) is an instrument that links content with aspects about its teaching and is recognized for its utility designing lessons and elucidating teachers' knowledge. Lesson study (LS) is a practice through which teachers collaborate to plan, teach and reflect on a lesson. Both have been acknowledged separately as being valuable for teachers' training; however, there is little research addressing the consequences of combining them. This study filled in that gap by examining how higher education (HE) teachers used the CoRes and perceived its integration within LS.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors performed a multiple case study with features of ethnomethodology and conducted an inductive content analysis of the data gathered through document analysis, in-depth semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The research was approved by the ethics committee of the host university, and participants were faculty members from different health sciences disciplines.

Findings

The authors found that participants considered that the use of the CoRes during LS allowed them to organize their ideas, consider more details for lesson design, address new topics and engage in greater reflection. However, participants (specially senior faculty) showed a superficial dedication to filling in the CoRes and considered the instrument bothersome, urging caution when engaging in the combined practice of CoRes and LS.

Originality/value

This is the first research in the international literature approaching the integration of the CoRes and LS with HE teachers. Its results fill a research gap and can help LS practitioners make an informed decision about whether to incorporate CoRes into it.
Reliability analysis and hypothesis testing of critical success factors of total productive maintenance
Authors: Kalpande Shyamkumar D. , Toke Lalit K.
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper deals with concept of total productive maintenance (TPM) and its implementation approach. It also presents the identification of critical factors for effective implementation of TPM. The reliability analysis identified potential areas where more concentration is required. The application of hypothesis testing in productivity maintenance should be promoted by parametric test and significantly instrumental in explanation of phenomena. It is also indispensable to better understand quality data and provide guidance to production control.

Design/methodology/approach

The various critical success factors of TPM implementation has organised into set of eight performance measure and thirty three sub-factors for getting the in-depth details of each indicator. The paper identifies the reliability of these factors and understands the problem with greater clarity and its ramification. Researcher collected responses from forty one manufacturing organisations through structured designed questionnaire. The reliability analysis was carriedout by calculating the value of Cronbach's alpha method. To draw the meaningful conclusions supported by relevant empirical data, provisional formulation is required, and it was carried by hypothesis testing. In this test, samples are taken from a population with known distribution (normal distribution), and a test of population parameters is executed. It determines the relevancy of facts directs the researcher's efforts into productive channels. The statements were hypothetically tested by calculating the arithmetic value of Chi-Square (χ2) and MINITAB-19 software was used for identification of p-value.

Findings

This study identified that main factors and sub-factors of TPM which are critical for implementation of TPM. The study also avoids the complexities involved in implementing TPM by reliability analysis. It is found that all identified CSFs are reliable as Cronbach's alpha is above 0.6. The hypothesis testing shows that all alternative hypothesis statements are acceptable as Chi-Square (χ2) value has satisfied the conditions and null hypothesis are true as calculated p-value is less than the 0.05 for eight identified TPM critical factor.

Originality/value

In this paper researcher provides a comprehensive typology of TPM-CSFs, and its ranking and importance in manufacturing sector. The preparedness of such study related to TPM implementation is becoming a major sourcing base for the world and there is a paucity of such studies. Such studies are equally important in a global context.
Which food prices were more vulnerable to the COVID-19 blockade regulations in China? Comparison between perishable and storable vegetables
Authors: Wang Yupeng , Shimokawa Satoru
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate how differently the COVID-19 blockade regulations influence the prices of perishable and storable foods. The authors focus on the cases of the 2020 blockade at Hubei province and the 2021 blockade at Shijiazhuang city in China, and the authors examine how the blockade influenced the prices of Chinese cabbages (perishable) and potatoes (storable) within and around the blockade area.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper employs the fixed effects model, the panel VAR (PVAR) model, and the spatial dynamic panel (SPD) model to estimate the impacts of the blockade on the food prices. It constructs the unique data set of 3-day average prices of Chinese cabbages and potatoes at main wholesale markets in China during the two urban blockade periods from January 1 to April 8 in 2020 and from January 1 to March 1 in 2021.

Findings

The results from the SPD models indicate that the price of Chinese cabbages was more vulnerable and increased by 7.1–9.8% due to the two blockades while the price of potatoes increased by 1.2–6.1%. The blockades also significantly influenced the prices in the areas adjacent to the blockade area. The SPD results demonstrate that the impacts of the blockades would be overestimated if the spatial dependence is not controlled for in the fixed effects model and the PVAR model.

Research limitations/implications

Because the research focuses on the cases in China, the results may lack generalizability. Further research for other countries is encouraged.

Originality/value

This paper demonstrates the importance of considering food types and spatial dependence in examining the impact of the COVID-19 blockades on food prices.
Factors influencing Industry 4.0 adoption
Authors: Khin Sabai , Kee Daisy Mui Hung
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The digital transformation towards Industry 4.0 (I4.0) has become imperative for manufacturers, as it makes them more flexible, agile and responsive to customers. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the manufacturing firms’ decision to adopt I4.0 and develop a triadic conceptual model that explains this phenomenon.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a qualitative exploratory study design based on multiple case studies (n = 15) from the manufacturing industry in Malaysia by conducting face-to-face interviews. The data were analysed using NVivo. The conceptual model was developed based on grounded theory and deductive thematic analysis.

Findings

Results demonstrate that driving, facilitating and impeding factors play influential roles in a firms’ decision-making to adopt I4.0. The major driving factors identified are expected benefits, market opportunities, labour problem, customer requirements, competition and quality image. Furthermore, resources, skills and support are identified as facilitating factors and getting the right people, lack of funding, lack of knowledge, technical challenges, training the operators and changing the mindset of operators to accept new digital technologies are identified as impeding factors.

Research limitations/implications

Due to its qualitative design and limited sample size, the findings of this study need to be supplemented by quantitative studies for enhanced generalizability of the proposed model.

Practical implications

Knowledge of the I4.0 decision factors identified would help manufacturers in their decision to invest in I4.0, as they can be applied to balancing advantages and disadvantages, understanding benefits, identifying required skills and support and which challenges to expect. For policymakers, our findings identify important aspects of the ecosystem in need of improvement and how manufacturers can be motivated to adopt I4.0.

Originality/value

This study lays the theoretical groundwork for an alternative approach for conceptualizing I4.0 adoption beyond UTAUT (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology). Integrating positive and negative factors enriches the understanding of decision-making factors for I4.0 adoption.
Chocolate craving: does it affect eating attitude and body mass index?
Authors: Sanlier Nevin , Açıkalın Büşra , Eroglu Elif , Kılınç Fatma , Celik Bulent
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Some kinds of foods, by producing an effect like addiction, may trigger overeating. This paper aims to investigate whether excessive chocolate consumption and hunger cause food addiction.

Design/methodology/approach

Food cravings questionnaire-trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r), food cravings questionnaire-state (FCQ-S) and eating attitude test-26 (EAT-26) scales were used. The relation between chocolate addiction, anthropometric measurements, demographic characteristics, eating behavior of the people were analyzed. The study was conducted on 864 individuals between 17 and 64 years old (men = 327, women = 537).

Findings

As the body mass index (BMI) of the individuals increased, chocolate craving, chocolate hunger, thought of eating chocolate, lack of control of chocolate increased. Also, significant correlations were determined with BMI, respectively, (r = 0.39; r = 0.32; r = 0.33; r = 0.29; p < 0.001). The lack of control overeating chocolate, craving for chocolate was found to be higher in female participants than in male participants. It was seen that craving for chocolate decreases (r = −0.17; p < 0.001) with increasing age; this was more apparent in male participants compared to female participants. Besides, significant correlation was found (r = 0.76, p < 0.05) between the EAT-26, the craving to eat chocolate in this study. It was seen that individual, who were excessively eager to consume chocolate, exhibited abnormal eating behavior (29.50 ± 12.09). This showed that there is a positive relation (r = 0.08, p < 0.001) between food addiction, eating attitude disorder.

Originality/value

Food craving increases the consumption of food, especially chocolate, sugar, with high carbohydrate content and energy. This can lead to overeating and being overweight.
Warehouse development and town planning policies in the UK
Authors: Jones Peter
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper offers a review of national and local planning policies towards warehouse development within the UK.

Design/methodology/approach

The first sections of the paper provide a description of the simple method of enquiry and sources of information used in the paper, outlines of the main factors driving the demand for warehousing space in the UK, and of the nature, scale and operation of modern warehouses, and a short review into the limited literature published to date, on town planning and on how it has influenced warehouse development. This is followed by an examination of some of the planning issues associated with warehouse development, two mini-case studies of how these issues are perceived and played out, a discussion of some of the issues raised in this examination and the mini-case studies.

Findings

Town planning policies were traditionally seen as a restraint on the development of warehousing but while current national and local planning policies make little explicit reference to warehousing, they have often been cited in support of new warehouse development because such policies emphasise the importance of supporting economic growth and fostering the conditions in which businesses can invest and expand.

Research limitations/implications

The paper has a number of limitations, not least that its source material is drawn from the Internet, and in that no primary data were collected from warehouse developers, warehouse operators, local planning officers or local authority councillors, and that the geographical coverage was limited.

Originality/value

The paper offers an accessible review of the current town planning issues associated with warehouse development in the UK.
How and when does humble leadership enhance newcomer well-being
Authors: Kang Fei , Li Jiyu , Hua Yuanyuan
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Many studies have examined the positive outcomes of humble leadership for employees. However, its impact on newcomers' well-being has been rarely investigated. In this paper, based on affective events theory and the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, the authors proposed a moderated mediation model to explore the effect of humble leadership on newcomer well-being. In the model, we identified newcomers' pride as a mediating variable and newcomers' proactive personality as a moderating variable.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were from a two-wave sample containing 213 newcomers. The hypothesized model was tested using partial least squares structural equational modeling.

Findings

The results demonstrated that humble leadership was positively related to newcomers' well-being, and newcomers' pride medicated this relationship. Additionally, newcomers' proactive personality moderated the relationship between humble leadership and newcomers' pride.

Research limitations/implications

The authors adopted a cross-sectional research design, rendering it difficult to derive causal relationships between variables. In addition, all data were from self-reports of newcomers which would suffer from common method variance.

Originality/value

This research examined the role of humble leadership in promoting newcomers' pride and well-being.
Learning from the biology of evolution: exaptation as a design strategy for future cities
Authors: Melis Alessandro , Lara-Hernandez Jose Antonio , Melis Barbora
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper highlights the importance of transdisciplinary studies in times of crisis. In the first part, the study shows the benefits of the introduction of literature on biology to better understand the evolutionary dynamics of architecture.

Design/methodology/approach

The focus of the research concerns architectural exaptation. In biology, exaptation is a functional shift of a structure that already had a prior but different function. We will also learn that, in biology, all creative systems are redundant and involve variability and diversity.

Findings

As a conclusion, through the comparison between biology and architecture, we will, therefore, try to build an architectural taxonomy that demonstrates how indeterminism is not a subcategory of design. Instead, design paradigms in which redundancy and variable diversity of structures reflect functionalism constitute an equivalent and essential complement with respect to design determinism.

Originality/value

It demonstrates how architectural exaptation, intended as an indeterministic and radical mode of design, can contribute to overcoming the current global crisis because structural redundancy is frequently functional, mostly in ever-changing and unstable environments. For instance, the failure of a planned function of a city can be an opportunity to re-use a structure designed for an obsolete function to respond to unexpected constraints.
Sustainability as a success factor for tourism destinations: a systematic literature review
Authors: Santos Margarida Custódio , Veiga Célia , Santos José António C. , Águas Paulo
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study sought to assess the extent to which tourism research has considered sustainability as a success factor for tourism destinations. It also aims to identify the relevance of the economic, environmental and socio-cultural dimensions of sustainability for tourist destination success, identify gaps in the literature and draw theoretical and practical implications and make recommendations.

Design/methodology/approach

The research methodology consists of a systematic literature review on sustainability as a success factor for tourism destinations.

Findings

Research interest in the topic is recent and mostly focused on environmental sustainability. Developing a sustainable tourism policy and performing adequate destination management are crucial for tourism destination success. It is also acknowledged that perceiving a destination as sustainable has a significant positive impact on tourists' experiences, purchasing behaviour and loyalty.

Originality/value

This study's value arises from the fact that, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no systematic literature review was yet been performed on the topic of sustainability as a success factor for tourism destinations.
Basic reproduction numbers of three strains of mouse hepatitis viruses in mice
Authors: Nakayama Masataka , Kyuwa Shigeru
Published: January 2022

Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is a murine coronavirus and one of the most important pathogens in laboratory mice. Although various strains of MHV have been isolated, they are generally excreted in the feces and transmitted oronasally via aerosols and contaminated bedding. In this study, we attempted to determine the basic reproduction numbers (R0) of three strains of MHV to improve our understanding of MHV infections in mice. Five‐week‐old female C57BL/6J mice were inoculated intranasally with either the Y, NuU, or JHM variant strain of MHV and housed with two naïve mice. After 4 weeks, the presence or absence of anti‐MHV antibody in the mice was determined by ELISA. We also examined the distribution of MHV in the organs of Y, NuU, or JHM variant‐infected mice. Our data suggest that the transmissibility of MHV is correlated with viral growth in the gastrointestinal tract of infected mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to address the basic reproduction numbers among pathogens in laboratory animals.
Turnover in floral composition explains species diversity and temporal stability in the nectar supply of urban residential gardens
Authors: Tew Nicholas E. , Baldock Katherine C. R. , Vaughan Ian P. , Bird Stephanie , Memmott Jane
Published: January 2022

Residential gardens are a valuable habitat for insect pollinators worldwide, but differences in individual gardening practices substantially affect their floral composition. It is important to understand how the floral resource supply of gardens varies in both space and time so we can develop evidence‐based management recommendations to support pollinator conservation in towns and cities.

We surveyed 59 residential gardens in the city of Bristol, UK, at monthly intervals from March to October. For each of 472 garden surveys, we combined floral abundances with nectar sugar data to quantify the nectar production of each garden, investigating the magnitude, temporal stability, and diversity and composition of garden nectar supplies.

We found that individual gardens differ markedly in the quantity of nectar sugar they supply (from 2 to 1,662 g), and nectar production is higher in more affluent neighbourhoods, but not in larger gardens. Nectar supply peaks in July (mid‐summer), when more plant taxa are in flower, but temporal patterns vary among individual gardens. At larger spatial scales, temporal variability averages out through the portfolio effect, meaning insect pollinators foraging across many gardens in urban landscapes have access to a relatively stable and continuous supply of nectar through the year.

Turnover in species composition among gardens leads to an extremely high overall plant richness, with 636 taxa recorded flowering. The nectar supply is dominated by non‐natives, which provide 91% of all nectar sugar, while shrubs are the main plant life form contributing to nectar production (58%). Two‐thirds of nectar sugar is only available to relatively specialised pollinators, leaving just one‐third that is accessible to all.

Synthesis and applications. By measuring nectar supply in residential gardens, our study demonstrates that pollinator‐friendly management, affecting garden quality, is more important than the size of a garden, giving every gardener an opportunity to contribute to pollinator conservation in urban areas. For gardeners interested in increasing the value of their land to foraging pollinators, we recommend planting nectar‐rich shrubs with complementary flowering periods and prioritising flowers with an open structure in late summer and autumn.
Analysis of methylphenidate, ethylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, and amphetamine in oral fluid by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Smith Christina R. , Swortwood Madeleine J.
Published: January 2022

Oral fluid is an alternative matrix that has proven to be useful for the detection of drugs. Oral fluid is easy to collect, noninvasive, and may indicate recent drug use. There are limited methods available that analyze cognitive stimulants in oral fluid. Cognitive stimulants are used to treat attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurological disorder that emerges from lack of dopamine in the brain. To combat this disorder, medications inhibit dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake by blocking transporters in the brain. Though commonly diagnosed in children, ADHD may extend beyond adolescence and abuse of medications in college students is not uncommon. The goal of this study was to develop and validate a quantitative method for methylphenidate, ethylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, and amphetamine in oral fluid using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). Analytes were isolated by solid‐phase extraction and analyzed on an Agilent 1290 Infinity II Liquid Chromatograph coupled to an Agilent 6470 Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer. The linear range was 0.5–100 ng/ml (except lisdexamfetamine at 5–500 ng/ml). Bias and between‐run precision were acceptable (±11.0% bias and ±12.2%CV). No interferences or carryover were observed and dilution integrity was sustained. This validated method was applied to four authentic oral fluid samples collected with Quantisal® devices from college students. Lisdexamfetamine was quantified in one sample at 5.8 ng/ml while amphetamine was quantified in all four samples at 6.0–78.8 ng/ml. This is the first known quantitative method in oral fluid that includes these analytes using LC‐MS/MS and may give rise to interpretive value in a forensic toxicology setting.
Mental health conditions and receipt of mental health care by illicit lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) use status among young adults in the United States
Authors: Han Beth , Blanco Carlos , Einstein Emily B. , Compton Wilson M.
Published: January 2022

Aim

To examine prevalence of mental health conditions and receipt of mental health care (MHC) by illicit lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) use status (past‐year; lifetime without‐past‐year; never) among young adults.

Design

Cross‐sectional, annual survey data from 2015 to 2019 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

Setting

United States.

Participants

A total of 69 916 NSDUH participants ages 18 to 25.

Measurements

Outcomes included past‐year serious psychological distress (SPD), suicidal ideation, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)‐IV major depressive episode (MDE), any mental illness, serious mental illness, receipt of mental health care (MHC, inpatient/outpatient or receipt of prescription medications), and number of days of being unable to work or attend normal activities because of mental health conditions.

Findings

Multivariable analyses found that compared with those who never used illicit LSD, adults with past‐year illicit LSD use had greater risk of suicidal ideation (adjusted risk ratio [ARR] = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.06–1.41), SPD (ARR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.04–1.28), MDE (ARR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.17–1.52), and any/serious mental illness (ARRs = 1.2–1.3, 95% CI = 1.02–1.41) and reported missing more days because of mental health conditions (adjusted incidence rate ratio = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.31–1.86). Lifetime (without past‐year) use showed similar, although less consistent, associations. Compared with those never using illicit LSD, adults with past‐year use were less likely to receive prescription medications for MHC (ARR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.60–0.84) and to receive overall MHC (ARR = 0.7, 95% CI= 0.64–0.84). Compared with those using in the past‐year, adults with lifetime (without past‐year) use were more likely to receive prescription medications for MHC (ARR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.01–1.46) and receive overall MHC (ARR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.03–1.45).

Conclusions

Young adults with past‐year illicit lysergic acid diethylamide use have elevated prevalence of mental health conditions and are less likely to receive prescription medications for mental health care and overall mental health care. Regardless of past‐year use status, young adults with lifetime illicit lysergic acid diethylamide use may benefit from mental illness prevention and interventions.
Sodium/hydrogen‐exchanger‐2 modulates colonocyte lineage differentiation
Authors: Nikolovska Katerina , Cao Li , Hensel Inga , Di Stefano Gabriella , Seidler Anna Elisabeth , Zhou Kunyan , Qian Jiajie , Singh Anurag Kumar , Riederer Brigitte , Seidler Ursula
Published: January 2022

Aim

The sodium/hydrogen exchanger 2 (NHE2) is an intestinal acid extruder with crypt‐predominant localization and unresolved physiological significance. Our aim was to decipher its role in colonic epithelial cell proliferation, differentiation and electrolyte transport.

Methods

Alterations induced by NHE2‐deficiency were addressed in murine nhe2−/− and nhe2+/+ colonic crypts and colonoids, and NHE2‐knockdown and control Caco2Bbe cells using pH‐fluorometry, gene expression analysis and immunofluorescence.

Results

pHi‐measurements along the colonic cryptal axis revealed significantly decreased intracellular pH (pHi) in the middle segment of nhe2−/− compared to nhe2+/+ crypts. Increased Nhe2 mRNA expression was detected in murine colonoids in the transiently amplifying/progenitor cell stage (TA/PE). Lack of Nhe2 altered the differentiation programme of colonic epithelial cells with reduced expression of absorptive lineage markers alkaline phosphatase (iAlp), Slc26a3 and transcription factor hairy and enhancer‐of‐split 1 (Hes1), but increased expression of secretory lineage markers Mucin 2, trefoil factor 3 (Tff3), enteroendocrine marker chromogranin A and murine atonal homolog 1 (Math1). Enterocyte differentiation was found to be pHi dependent with acidic pHi reducing, and alkaline pHi stimulating the expression of enterocyte differentiation markers in Caco2Bbe cells. A thicker mucus layer, longer crypts and an expanded brush border membrane zone of sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) abundance may explain the lack of inflammation and the normal fluid absorptive rate in nhe2−/− colon.

Conclusions

The results suggest that NHE2 expression is activated when colonocytes emerge from the stem cell niche. Its activity increases progenitor cell pHi and thereby supports absorptive enterocyte differentiation.
Sectoral digital intensity and GDP growth after a large employment shock: A simple extrapolation exercise
Authors: Gallipoli Giovanni , Makridis Christos A.
Published: January 2022

We introduce a state‐dependent algorithm with minimal data requirements for predicting output dynamics as a function of employment across industries and locations. The method generalizes insights of Okun (1963) by leveraging measures of industry heterogeneity. We use the algorithm to examine gross domestic product (GDP) dynamics following the COVID‐19 pandemic of 2020, delivering informative projections of aggregate and sectoral output. Because the pandemic curtailed the ability to perform certain tasks at work, our application examines whether greater reliance on digital technologies can mediate employment and productivity losses. We use industry‐level indices of digital task intensity and ability to work from home, together with publicly available data on employment and GDP for Canada, to document that: (i) employment responses after the shock's onset are milder in digitally intensive sectors and (ii) conditional on the size of employment changes, GDP responses are less extreme in digitally intensive sectors. Our projections indicate a return to pre‐crisis aggregate output within eight quarters of the initial shock with significant heterogeneity in recovery patterns across sectors.
Patterns of illegal and legal tiger parts entering the United States over a decade (2003–2012)
Authors: Khanwilkar Sarika , Sosnowski Monique , Guynup Sharon
Published: January 2022

Poaching and illegal trade are primary threats to tigers (Panthera tigris). Trade in tiger parts has been well documented in Asia. However, little is known about tiger parts entering the United States (US). We analyzed seizures of tiger parts trafficked through US ports of entry from 2003 to 2012 along with shipments that had been issued legal Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species import permits. We found 292 seizure incidents and 283 permitted imports over that 10‐year period. The amount of tiger parts trafficked into the US illegally was larger than what has been previously reported. Most tiger parts entered the US legally and illegally for personal purposes; 81.8% of seized items were medicinal products. San Francisco, Dallas, and Atlanta were entry hotspots for illegal tiger imports which mainly entered the United States from China and Vietnam. Of the 65.8% of seized parts with a known origin, 99.5% originated from wild tigers. Since country of origin and source of many legally and illegally traded tiger parts was unknown, we recommend the use of forensic DNA analysis to address these knowledge gaps to focus conservation and enforcement efforts. Research should continue in the United States to adequately capture the global supply, demand, and trade of tiger parts.