bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“DOCUMENTARY THE MYSTERY OF THE LOSS OF CHUPING SUGARCANE FARM IN PERLIS”
Authors: Abdullah Noor Aziah , Sahidan Amirul Syahmi
Published: January 2022

If Kelantan is famous for the great production of moon kites, Terengganu for its beautiful beaches, Perlis is famous for the vast expanse of sugarcane plantations in Chuping. But the uniqueness of the sugarcane farm is no longer visible in Chuping. Therefore, this documentary was produced with the title "The Mystery of the Loss of Chuping’s Sugarcane Farm". The study was conducted with the first few objectives; identify Chuping’s sugarcane plantation closures; second; to identify the work done by former Chuping’s sugarcane plantation workers. To obtain the findings of the study, data collection methods was done by conducting in-depth interviews with informants from the Office of the State Economic Planning Division (BPEN), Perlis State Economic Development Corporation (PKENPs), MSM Perlis Sdn Bhd and a former employee at the former sugarcane plantation. Apart from the interview technique, the flashback technique is also used to display information and a chronological scene about the sugarcane plantation in Chuping. In relation to that, this 10 -minute documentary was published to answer some questions related to the loss of sugarcane plantations and the closure of a sugar factory in Chuping, Perlis. The study found that the loss of sugarcane farms in Chuping was due to supply factors that could not compete with high demand, soil nutrient degradation leading to low-quality sugarcane production and poor governance on the part of top management. The production of this documentary can be used as a source of information to the public, students, and industry players.
DEVELOPMENT OF TVET LEADERSHIP MODEL AMONG LEADERS IN TVET INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Abdullah Jamelaa Bibi , Hj Mohd Nor Zainuren , Haji Abd Hamid Akma , Harun Noor Haslinda , Koswara Euis Mariani D. , Stapa@Mustapa Muhamad Azhar , Saforrudin Norabeerah , Ahmad Ahzan Salvina Wati
Published: January 2022

The first and fifth shifts in the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013 - 2025 is to provide equal access to international quality education and produce high-performing leaders who understand their roles and responsibilities to ensure they can help the Ministry of Education (MOE) provide more competitive students in the job market. The Aminuddin Baki Institute (IAB), is responsible for providing high-impact training to Technical and Vocational Educational Training (TVET) leaders in line with global developments. This study aims to develop a leadership model of TVET among leaders in TVET institutions under the MOE, Malaysia. This study used a design and development research (DDR) approach that emphasizes qualitative and quantitative data collection in three phases, namely the needs analysis phase, the design and development phase, and the evaluation phase. A total of 47 respondents were involved in this study, namely 14 experts (needs analysis phase), 25 experts (design and development), and six experts (evaluation phase). The collected data were analysed using thematic methods (needs analysis phase), the Fuzzy Delphi Method (design and development phase), and the Interpretive Structural Model (evaluation phase). As a result, 13 elements of the TVET leadership model were successfully developed, and their validity evaluated. This model is expected to contribute to the training institutions of TVET leaders and policymakers, as well as TVET-related training modules.
POTATO BREEDING IN THE CONDITIONS OF YAKUTIA
Authors:   Yakutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakovleva N. S. , Okhlopkova P. P. ,   Yakutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Efremova S. P. ,   Yakutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of the test of twelve promising hybrids (six combinations) in nurseries of a competitive test (1 and 2 years) in the conditions of Central Yakutia, conducted in 2018-2019 (the characteristics of weather conditions are presented). All of them belong to the group of early-maturing and mid-early (55-70 days): 216 (Dacha × 128-6), 239-1, 239-2, 239-3 (Ladoga × Rosalind), 233, 233-2 (Slavyanka × Rosalind), 237, 237-1 (Severny × Dubrava), 232 (Aurora × Bonus), 234 (Scarlet Sail × Victoria). The evaluation showed that the studied hybrids correspond to the variety model according to economically valuable characteristics: they have a high yield, good biochemical indicators, the appearance of the tubers meets the requirements of consumers (small surface eyes, medium-deep stolon trace), high shelf life during storage, the tasting score of the tubers is 4.0 points. The studied samples of hybrids had a yield of 26.0-42.0 t / ha, a marketability of 92-97%, which makes them economically valuable. The samples differed in the content of dry matter (18.4–22.1 %) and starch (9.5–13.4 %). The content of nitrates in the tubers did not exceed the permissible concentration. The studied samples are resistant to the most common diseases of the zone: viral (common mosaic, twisting of leaves, curly hair, wrinkled mosaic, etc.), macrosporiosis,rhizoctoniosis, scab. According to the results of the conducted studies, potato hybrids 232 (Aurora × Bonus), 233 (Slavyanka × Rosalind) and 239-2 (Ladoga x Razolind) were selected for further study and transferred to the resistance to the causative agent of cancer and nematodes.
METAMERIC VARIABILITY OF SALIX TRIANDRA (SALICACEAE) INTERPODE LENGTH
Authors:   Bryansk State University named after Academician I. G. Petrovsky, Afonin A. A.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the praxeological characteristics of the three-stalked willow (Salix triandra, genus Salix, family Salicaceae). Object: inbred model population of S. triandra. Material: annual shoots obtained on the same seedlings in different years from vegetative buds of different localization. Methods: comparative morphological, chronobiological, ontogenetic, analysis of the series of dynamics. Purpose: to describe and analyze the patterns of ontogenetic variability of the length of internodes on annual shoots. Results. The general variability of the length of internodes is determined, first of all, by their intra-shoot variability. Interannual differences in the length of internodes on shoots of two- and three-year-old seedlings are determined, first of all, by differences in the lower third of the shoots. No significant intracrown differences in the length of internodes were found on shoots of one year. The periodicity of the metameric dynamics of the length of internodes has been established. The interannual specificity of the series of metameric variability of the length of internodes is associated with the age of root-butt systems. The metameric variability of the length of internodes with different reliability is approximated by linear regression equations. Rhythm in metameric variability of deviations of internode length from linear trends was revealed. The graphs of the series of deviations in the length of internodes from linear trends are presented in two versions - either with two or with three peaks, which indicates the discreteness of the trajectories of shoot morphogenesis. The revealed bivariance of the trajectories of shoot morphogenesis is associated with different ages of perennial root-butt systems. Discussion and conclusions. The bivariance of shoot morphogenesis is not directly related to adaptations to environmental conditions and is determined not by genetic differences, but by epigenetic mechanisms. Hypothesis: the most probable reason for the bivariate morphogenesis of shoots is the ontogenetic heterogeneity of vegetative buds from which these shoots develop. To verify the hypothesis put forward, an experiment was proposed to study the metameric variability of the length of internodes of shoots obtained from terminal and axillary buds in the same year.
INFLUENCE OF OIL POLLUTION ON GROWTH AND ENDOMYCORIZATION OF ALFALFA
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Kuramshina Z. M. , Sattarova L. R. ,   Bashkir State University, Yamaleeva A. A. ,   Bashkir State University
Published: January 2022

The influence of oil pollution on the growth and formation of arbuscular mycorrhiza in the roots of Medicago sativa plants was investigated. It was found that oil at low concentrations did not have an inhibitory effect on the growth of alfalfa plants. The length of the shoots of plants grown at an oil concentration of 1 g / kg of soil was 6.8% longer than that of plants grown in soil without oil. Improving plant growth with low oil concentrations in the soil may be associated with the addition of additional organic matter and mineral elements to the soil along with oil. The application of oil in higher concentrations led to the suppression of the growth of alfalfa plants. At a concentration of 20 g / kg and 50 g / kg of soil, the shoot length was 11.7% and 14.9% lower, respectively, than in the control plants. The main reasons for the delayed development of plants, stopping or their death as a result of oil pollution are disturbances in the flow of water and nutrients into plants, as well as developing oxygen starvation. We have revealed a change in the formation of endomycorrhizal symbiosis of the plant root system. In plants grown under oil pollution, the frequency of mycorrhization at a toxicant concentration of 1 g / kg, 20 g / kg, and 50 g / kg soil was lower by 2.0%, 26.5%, and 44.2%, respectively, according to compared with control plants (plants grown in soil without oil). Indicators of the intensity of colonization of mycorrhiza and the abundance of arbuscules in the root system of plants decreased, and the abundance of arbuscules in the mycorrhized part of the root fragment increased with an increase in the concentration of oil in the soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in addition to the direct toxic effect of pollutants, probably received less benefits from their plant partners, due to disruption of photosynthesis processes and redistribution of carbon substrates in favor of rhizosphere microorganisms.
INFLUENCE OF INTEGRATED FERTILIZERS ON THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF FROZEN SOILS
Authors:   Yakutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Borisova D. V. , Okhlopkova P. P. ,   Yakutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2022

The results of studies of the biological activity of permafrost soils with the use of organic (rotted cattle manure in various doses of 20, 40, 60 t / ha) and mineral fertilizers (NPK)46 with the biological preparation Flavobacterin when growing potatoes are presented. The studies were carried out in a long-term multifactorial experiment in the period from 2016 to 2019. The soil of the experimental plot "Belentei" of the Yakutsk Research Institute of Agriculture, located on the territory of the Central Yakutsk lowland, the second above-floodplain terrace of the river. Lena, in the Khangalassky ulus (region) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The soil type of the experimental plot is permafrost chernozem-meadow light loamy saline. It has been established that the variants with the introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers, a biological product into the soil have a positive effect on the number of all groups of soil microorganisms (ammonifying, nitrite-forming, microscopic fungi), and increase by 2-6 times in comparison with control (without fertilizers). Intensive biological activity of permafrost soils in all years of research was noted during the growing season of potatoes. The number of soil microorganisms reached its maximum in July and decreased at the end of the growing season (early September), which is associated with the peculiarities of the hydrothermal regime of the studied soil. A relative assessment of changes in the biological properties of permafrost soil showed that the most intense biological processes are observed with the combined application of mineral and organic fertilizers and biological product ((NPK) 46 + Manure 20 t / ha + biological product "Flavobacterin") - 364%.
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF USING A COMBINE HARVESTER BY CHANGING ITS DESIGN FEATURES
Authors:   Saratov State Technical University named after Yuri Gagarin, Gamayunov P. P. , Alekseev S. A. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Igitov Sh. M. ,   Makhachkala Branch of the Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI), Peskov E. K. ,   Saratov State Technical University named after Yuri Gagarin
Published: January 2022

The word "optimization"in modern Russia has firmly entered our everyday vocabulary. "Optimization" has affected all spheres of human life and activity. This function also affected the agricultural sector. The number of employees has been reduced by automating many processes. Many processes are outsourced. Starting from repairs, ending with accounting and legal issues. An important part of the optimization process is to improve the design features by changing them. Due to high fuel prices, the cost of the final product is consistently changing, being the main law of modern product logistics. Using the example of an intelligence map, we will consider the factors that affect and are extracted in connection with the change in design features. The reduction in oil production and exports undoubtedly affects the final price of the oil product. The article presents data for 2019 and 2020 on oil production and export. Based on them, we can draw some conclusions. The increase in gas production and its competitive price make it possible for alternative fuels. Methane-fueled transport is no longer a novelty on the market, so why shouldn't it be used in the agricultural sector? It is more economical and most importantly more environmentally friendly along with gasoline and diesel fuel. There are only 4 methane-powered combine harvesters in the world, and they are located in Belarus. The huge benefit and convenience is already obvious. A wide network of pipelines, through which gas moves, has enveloped almost the whole of Russia. This type of transport, such as pipeline, allows you to deliver fuel more quickly and economically.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF THE RESTRUCTURED MEAT PRODUCT FROM MUTTON
Authors:   Don State Agrarian University, Shirokova N. V. , Serdyukova Ya. P. ,   Don State Agrarian University, Voevodina E. N. ,   Don State Agrarian University
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the development of a technology for obtaining a restructured meat product from lamb. Increasing the production of meat products, expanding the range, increasing their biological value, as well as creating a new generation of products that meet the requirements of a healthy diet, are urgent tasks of the meat industry. Despite the development of the production of synthetic forms of food additives, the interest in the expanded use of non-traditional types of plant raw materials is constantly growing. In the meat processing industry, decoctions of medicinal herbs are used. They contain near-fatal substances (10-12%), essential oils, resinous substances (17%), anthocyanins (5-6%), flavonoids and other substances that have a preventive effect on diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The development of scientific principles for the design of the composition and improvement of technologies for functional lamb meat products is an urgent problem of great scientific and practical importance. In this regard, experimental studies were conducted to develop a recipe for meat products for preventive use. Experimental studies were conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Food Technologies of the Don State Agrarian University. On the basis of the conducted research, a recipe and a technological scheme for the production of a restructured meat product from lamb were developed. The expediency of using phytocomponents in a meat product is justified. The dose of the introduction of phytocomponents into the product and the optimal method of applying multicomponent brine were established. On the basis of organoleptic and physico-chemical studies, a rational formulation of the product is proposed. The prototype No. 2 had a dense consistency and a pleasant taste. The average organoleptic evaluation of the developed product was 4.73 points, and the content of phytopreparations allows us to attribute it to functional products. The use of multi-component syringe brine in combination with mechanical processing of meat contributes to the formation of an elastic structure.
DEVELOPMENT OF BIOPRODUCT TECHNOLOGY FOR SPORT FOOD
Authors:   Don State Agrarian University, Shirokova N. V. , Nasirov Yu. Z. ,   Don State Agrarian University, Nasirova A. Yu. ,   Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Afanasyeva M. M. ,   Don State Agrarian University
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the development of bioproduct technology for sports nutrition. Currently, both in the Russian Federation and throughout the world, there is an intensive development of professional and amateur sports. Scientific research is carried out aimed at developing the technology of products for the nutrition of athletes, studying the effect of certain products and substances on physical fitness and obtaining high results by athletes. The production of specialized food products for athletes is an important task for a domestic manufacturer. Athletes of different qualifications need products of increased biological value, biologically active additives and specialized sports nutrition of a functional orientation. Specialized food products for athletes are very widely represented on the market, but among them only 5% are domestic products. To solve the problem of optimal balanced nutrition of athletes, it is necessary to develop and introduce into the production of domestic specialized products with a given composition (high-protein, high-carbohydrate, carbohydrate-mineral, etc.), which should contribute to an increase in performance, endurance, the fastest recovery of the athlete's body after physical exertion and, as a result - improving athletic performance. In this regard, the development of a bioproduct for sports nutrition, with an increased biological value and with a natural component composition, is relevant. The expediency of using plant components in the technology of biological products for sports nutrition has been scientifically justified and experimentally confirmed. The permissible level of introduction of functional plant components for the formation of organoleptic, physicochemical indicators has been substantiated and experimentally confirmed.
THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF ENTRIKIM IN CALF MYCOPLASMOSIS
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Ligidova M. M. , Kalabekov M. I. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V. M. Kokov, Gusev A. A. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Padilo L. P. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov
Published: January 2022

In the acute course of mycoplasmosis in calves of 10-30 days of age, the incidence per 1000 heads is 94.7 heads, and the mortality rate is 28.9 heads with a mortality rate of 30.5%. In the chronic course of mycoplasmosis in calves of 10-30 days of age, the incidence per 1000 heads is 61.4 heads, and the mortality rate is 14.58 heads with a mortality rate of 23.7%. As a therapeutic drug, calves were administered a 5 % solution of entrikim orally at a dose of 0.5 cm3/10 kg of body weight twice a day for 7 consecutive days. Blood was taken from calves before and after the treatment (3 days after the end of the course) for complex laboratory tests. The total number of red blood cells and white blood cells in calves treated with entrikim increased by 25.4% and 16.9%, respectively (p <0.05). The leukogram parameters did not have significant differences. The content of gamma globulins in sick calves was low. After the treatment, there was a significant increase in o gamma globulin by 14.5% (p <0.05). It is also worth noting an increase in total blood protein by 11.9% (p <0.05). BASC increased by 28.3%, LASC by 11.0%, FA by 4.6%, FI by 14.2%. NST test scores were also more pronounced in calves after treatment. The functional activity of neutrophils in the NST test after therapy had higher indicators, both in the spontaneous and stimulated variants. Its level increased by 43.8% and 33.3%, respectively. The content of immunoglobulins increased by 26.5% higher. In the calves treated, there was also a tendency to increase the total number of T - and B - lymphocytes. The number of T - lymphocytes increased by 48.3% (p <0.05). The content of B - lymphocytes in calves also became higher by 33.3% (p <0.05). The therapeutic effectiveness of entrikim in the acute course was 85.7%, in the chronic course-62.5%, which is significantly higher than in the treatment with enrofloxacin or trimethoprim or tilmicosin alone.
SUBSTANTIATION OF MOISTURE REGIME OF SODDY-PODZOLY SOILS OF WATER SEEDS WITH DROP IRRIGATION OF WOOL
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazeva, Pchelkin V. V. , Zyablitsev D. I. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazeva, Soloshnekov A. D. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazeva
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the research is to determine the boundaries of the moisture content of the sod-podzolic soil of watersheds with drip irrigation of marrows. The research was carried out on a pilot site in 2019. The research methodology was developed by the teaching staff of the Department of Land Reclamation and Reclamation of the Timiryazev Russian State Agricultural University-Moscow Agricultural Academy. The organization of scientific research was carried out using experimental plots, lysimeters and a water-physical laboratory, with the help of which the necessary data were obtained to solve the problem. Using the obtained data and V.V.Shabanov's formula, a graph of the regularity of changes in the relative yield (Yi / Ymax) of zucchini from the relative humidity of sod-podzolic soil (in a layer of 50 cm) was plotted with drip irrigation. In the formula of V.V. Shabanov for the conditions under consideration, the value of the coefficient γi, equal to 4.278, was obtained. It has been established that the moisture content of the soddy-podzolic soil of the watersheds must be maintained in the optimal range, taking into account the requirements of plants during the entire growing season. The best range of moisture content in soddy-podzolic soil in watersheds, based on scientific research data, is (0.65-0.79) PV for zucchini. The correlation coefficient of this relationship is 0.979 + 0.089, which indicates a close relationship between the values under consideration. At the optimum moisture content of soddy-podzolic soils (0.65-0.79 PV) and a groundwater depth of 1.60 m and deeper (watershed areas), a leaching regime is observed.
METHODS FOR INCREASING POTATO PRODUCTIVITY ON BLACK EARTH SOILS OF THE VOLGA REGION
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Narushev V. B. , Moiseev A. A. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Shapovalov A. G. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov
Published: January 2022

The article presents an analysis of experimental data on assessing the effect of green manure, mineral fertilizers and biological products on increasing the productivity of potato agrocenoses. Field studies have established that the use of green manure and the biological product flavobacterin has a noticeable stimulating effect on the activation of biological soil processes, improves plant nutrition and their resistance to diseases. This significantly stimulated the production process of potatoes. Thus, the highest indicator of the net productivity of photosynthesis was observed in the variant of experiment N60P60 + flavobacterin against the background of winter rye + green manure mustard - 4.30 g / m2 • day. In turn, the activation of photosynthesis had a positive effect on the production process of crops. According to the research results, the best combination of the structure of the biological yield of potatoes was observed in the variant of experiment N60P60 + flavobacterin in terms of the greening background: the number of plants to be harvested - 48.1 thousand pieces / ha; the number of commercial tubers in one bush - 6.1 pieces; the mass of one tuber is 124 grams and the mass of tubers in one bush is 746 grams. The use of green manure, mineral fertilizers and the biological product flavobacterin had a positive effect on the productivity of potatoes. The highest yield of potato tubers was obtained with the variant N60P60 + flavobacterin on the background of green manure - 35.6 t / ha on average over three years. The use of flavobacterin surpassed in yield even the option with the maximum dose of mineral fertilizers N90P90. The use of a biological product flavobacterin is an effective technique in the technology of potato cultivation on leached chernozem in the Volga region, which ensures the maximum yield of biologically valuable products.
PHYTOSANITARY MONITORING OF POTATO PLANTING IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL YAKUTIA
Authors:   Yakutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Okhlopkova P. P. , Yakovleva N. S. ,   Yakutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Protopopova A. V. ,   Yakutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science
Published: January 2022

The paper presents the results of many years of research to identify economically significant pests in the agroecosystems of potatoes in Central Yakutia. The species composition of harmful organisms is represented by species - rhizoctonia, alternaria, fusarium, phomosis, late blight, ring rot, black leg, juvenile and perennial weeds, wireworm. Planting material in potato farms is affected by the sclerocial form of rhizoctonia up to 40%, ring rot - 0.2-3.0%, wet bacterial rot - 0.1-3.7%, tubers affected by late blight are rare - 0.4%. Juvenile weeds have high productivity and a large stock of viable seeds in the arable horizon, the dominant species is thrown back - 15 million pieces / ha (83.6%). Perennial weeds have a reserve of powerful underground vegetative mass, such as creeping wheatgrass. The level of soil infestation by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani is high, the population density in permafrost soils was 27.7 to 69.6 propagules per 100 g. soil. The prevalence of Rhizoctoniae on stems ("white leg") on local varieties Yakutyanka - 31.9-45.0%, Severny - 25.0 - 40.6%. The infection of tubers with rhizoctonia was as follows: net necrosis (0.4-6.2%), colonization of the pathogen by sclerotia (7.5-40.4%), deep spotting (0.2-6.5%). The causative agent of the disease of rhizoctonia is a semi-parasite and can persist on plant debris in the soil, like a saprophyte for a long time. So in 2012, on the crops of oats, it was noted - 105.0, sweet clover - 27.7, pea-oat mixture - 93 propagules / 100 g of soil; in 2020 - in the fields occupied by black fallow - 27.7, under fodder crops - 30.0 propagules / 100 g of soil.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF MEDIUM-RIPENED ALFALFA VARIETIES FOR THE FOOTHILL ZONE OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS
Authors:   Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Science, Doguzova N. N.
Published: January 2022

Legumes such as alfalfa play an important role in increasing soil fertility and producing high-protein forage. Alfalfa increases the fertility of the fields as a result of the accumulation of nitrogen in the soil. The accumulation of organic matter is of great importance in improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Alfalfa contains a lot of lysine, and in terms of the content of essential amino acids, it surpasses corn, sorghum, soybeans, barley and a number of other crops. It is a fruitful and high-protein forage crop. The roots, stems and leaves of alfalfa contain about 2 times more protein than cereals, its green mass contains more than 20% protein, and hay contains 18% of absolute dry matter. Alfalfa is rich not only in protein, but also in micro - and macronutrients. Of the mineral salts, it contains a lot of calcium (1.5%), phosphorus (0.25%) and sulfur (0.19%). For North Ossetia, the need for seeds of perennial legumes is quite high. The reason for the insufficient provision of seed material is the lack of seed farms with a high level of agriculture. In this regard, breeding work on the creation of new varieties of alfalfa, combining early maturity with winter hardiness, adapted to the stress factor of the environment, high seed productivity, and tolerance to the most harmful diseases, is most relevant for North Ossetia-Alania. The aim of the study is to create a breeding material for alfalfa with increased forage and seed productivity in combination with drought resistance. The studies were carried out on the experimental fields of the SKNIIGPSKh VSC RAS in the conditions of the foothill zone of RNO-Alania.
CHANGES IN HUMUS STOCKS FROM THE COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF AROUND TREE
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Gumbarov A. D. , Dolobeshkin E. V. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Bandurin M. A. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Pasnichenko P. G. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin
Published: January 2022

The change in humus reserves is directly influenced by changes in soil biomass reserves. Recently, there has been a clear tendency for a deficit in the reserves of organic biomaterial, which, accordingly, reasonably indicates a decrease in the indicator of humus reserves. Of course, the process of humus accumulation is a multifactorial process. The authors propose to consider the "humus balance" as one of the factors affecting the generalized indicators of soil fertility. The method for calculating the humus balance is based on taking into account the nitrogen content in humus. The analysis of the processed data of the study in the SPK Kolkhoz "Memory of Lenin" of the Timashevsky district of the Krasnodar Territory indicates that the humus balance is greatly influenced by two indicators: the proportion and yield of agricultural crops. So for alfalfa, an increase in yield leads to an increase in the positive balance of humus under the crop: + (Y) = + (ΔH). The opposite situation for grain crops: + (Y) = + (- ΔG). In the same way, a large share of grain crops negatively affects the weighted average humus balance of arable land. An increase in the share of alfalfa, with stable harvest indicators, would play an important role in the restoration and stabilization of the humus stocks of arable land.
EFFECT OF AUTOLOGOUS CELLS OF THE STROMAL-VASCULAR FRACTION ON SKIN HEALING
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology - M.I. Skryabin MBA, Nadezhdin D. V.
Published: January 2022

Under the experimental conditions on guinea pigs, we studied the course of reparative skin regeneration after applying a patch wound under the influence of a cell suspension from an autologous stromal-vascular fraction. We used methods of clinical observation, light-optical studies of biopsy material, macro- and microscopic morphometry, and statistical analysis of the data obtained. Cellular material was obtained by liposuction from the withers of the animal. Autologous adipose tissue was used to prepare a cell suspension containing a set of cells (fibroblasts, pericytes, acrophages, fat cells, endothelial cells) that make up the stromal-vascular fraction. On the third day, the stromal-vascular fraction was injected subcutaneously. During the entire experimental period, the animals were under daily observation. Since the introduction of an autologous suspension of cells of the stromal-vascular fraction was carried out on the 3rd day after the application of the wound, a general description for the studied groups was given before this period. On the 7th, 14th and 30th days, planimetric data were obtained, reflecting the change in the dimensional characteristics of the wound surface. The data obtained indicate that the use of an autologous suspension of cells of the stromal-vascular fraction leads to faster (compared to control) healing of a wound skin defect, the formation of a regenerate morphologically similar to the surrounding intact skin. In the structure of the regenerate, the restoration of the structural zones of the skin, such as the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous adipose tissue, was microscopically observed. In the central part of the regenerate, a small area of the cicatricial structure remained, the area of which was significantly smaller than that of the control analogs. It is concluded that the use of an autologous suspension of cells of the stromal-vascular fraction enhances the processes of reparative regeneration and is an effective method of treatment in the treatment of skin wounds.
PRECLINICAL EVALUATION OF HYGIENE PRODUCTS BASED ON CHLORHEXIDINE BIGLUCONATE
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Filatova A. V. , Kalabekov M. I. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V. M. Kokov, Nistratova N. V. ,   Volgograd State Agrarian University, Bibaeva Yu. V. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov
Published: January 2022

The data obtained as a result of the work performed give an idea of the pharmaco-toxicological characteristics of the hygienic preparations "Gikor-P", as well as "Gikor-D". Experiments conducted to study the chronic and acute characteristics of these drugs showed their low danger when affecting the body of animals belonging to warm-blooded animals. The vehicles are classified as the fourth hazard class according to GOST 12.1.007-76. As can be seen from the studies conducted, these hygiene products do not irritate the mucous membranes of the eyes and skin when exposed to them. For example, 15 minutes after these drugs hit the conjunctiva, there are no noticeable changes in the iris, the cornea remains unclouded, and there is no chymotosis. After getting the drugs on the udder nipple immediately after the end of milking, they form a transparent film that has a bluish tint. It is able to persist until the next milking. Based on the results of a scientific and economic experiment, it can be concluded that in animals from the 2 experimental group, the skin on the teats of the udder was inflamed in 29 animals (this is 23.4%). Another 15 subjects (this is 12.1%) had an inflamed mammary gland. As for the animals from the 3 experimental group, here inflammation was noted on the nipples of 36 cows (this is 26.3%). Another 15 subjects (10.9%) had mastitis. Hygiene products were not applied to the udder teats of the animals from the control group. The results were as follows: the skin on the teats of the udder became inflamed in 34 cows (this is 30.4%). Another 14 animals (this is 12.5%) fell ill with mastitis. In cows from the 1st group ("Gikor-P" and "Gikor-D"), having inflammation on the skin of the udder teats before the use of hygiene products, after 3-6 oiling of the teats, their skin became softer. Those wounds and cracks that were on the nipples, gradually healed (about 4-7 days). The milking process was less bothered by the cows, while there was an increase in milk productivity by 1-2 liters. The film on the udder, resulting from the application of drugs, is washed off with ordinary water before milking. Then you need to wipe the udder with a dry towel. No changes in color, taste, or smell were observed in the milk produced.
WATER BODIES OF THE NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGION: CLASSIFICATION, PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State University of Engineering and Economics, Sizova Yu.V. , Smirnov A.N. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State University of Engineering and Economics, Borisova E.E. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State University of Engineering and Economics, Shuvarin M.V. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State University of Engineering and Economics
Published: January 2022

The article presents an analysis of the water bodies of the Nizhny Novgorod region and the main approaches to solving the problem of protection and environmental rehabilitation of small water bodies in the region. Water is a valuable natural resource that is of great importance in industrial and agricultural production, therefore, the protection of water resources and ensuring their environmental safety are among the most important problems facing humanity. Currently, there is increasing attention to small rivers, whose ecosystems are changing and degrading under the influence of anthropogenic activities. The Nizhny Novgorod Region is one of the most water-rich regions of Russia. There are more than 10,000 water bodies of natural and artificial origin, a significant part of them belong to small water bodies, many of which are practically not studied. Currently, special attention is paid to the problems of pollution of such water bodies as small rivers. In terms of the volume of polluted and insufficiently treated wastewater, the Nizhny Novgorod Region ranks first among the regions of the federal district. In order to solve the problem, the State Program "Environmental Protection of the Nizhny Novgorod Region" is being implemented in the region, the structure of which includes the subprogram "Development of the water management complex of the Nizhny Novgorod Region", aimed at restoring water bodies and ensuring the protection of the population and economic facilities from floods and other negative effects of water. As part of the development of this subprogram, a study of water bodies was conducted on the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region. The research results indicate that water bodies are unevenly distributed on the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Water bodies experience the greatest anthropogenic impact from housing and communal services, industry, which is most typical for large cities (Nizhny Novgorod, Kstovo, Arzamas). Small water bodies are polluted mainly as a result of agricultural and recreational activities. The proposed approach to the protection of water resources of both large and small water bodies, which provides for a set of measures to improve the efficiency of their use, protect them from pollution and depletion, eliminate accumulated environmental damage, preserve and restore the biological diversity of aquatic ecosystems, is a factor in preserving ecological balance and improving the quality of life of the population.
INFLUENCE OF SEEDING NORMS AND METHODS OF SOWING SUDANESE GRASS ON THE YIELD OF GREEN MASS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE RSO-ALANIA
Authors:   Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Batsazova T. M. , Shalygina A. A. ,   Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2022

Sudanese grass is one of the main crops of the green conveyor, where it is sown at different times and used in several periods. The sown areas are determined based on the average yield in this farm, the duration of feed use and the number of livestock for which the green conveyor is organized. The purpose of the research was the influence of seeding rates and sowing methods on the yield of green mass in the forest – steppe zone of the RSO-Alania. The research was carried out at the experimental field of the SCNIIGPSH VNC RAS during 2018-2020. Field experiments were laid in three-fold repetition, the area of the plot is 10 sq. m. The subject of research was the Sudanese grass Grazia variety, which is included in the State Register for the Central Chernozem, North Caucasus and Lower Volga regions for silage. The authors found that the best way to sow Sudanese grass in the foothill zone of the RSO-Alania should be considered a wide-row one. Forage crops should be carried out in more arid areas and in heavily clogged fields. At the same time, the yield of green mass is almost not reduced, but the crops are clean of weeds, soil moisture is consumed better and more economically. The largest yield of the green mass of the Sudanese grass was obtained with a wide-row sowing method with a seeding rate of 2.5 million/ha, with a narrow-row sowing method-2.0-3.5 million/ha. The results obtained allow us to recommend the Grazia variety of Sudanese grass for green fodder in the forest – steppe zone of the RSO-Alania for widespread use.
ASSESSMENT OF THE AVAILABILITY OF PLANTINGS FOR THE POPULATION OF SOME CITIES OF THE IRKUTSK REGION
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Potapova E.V. , Makarov A.A. ,   Irkutsk State University, Barkhatova O.A. ,   Irkutsk State University, Vologzhina S.Zh. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: January 2022

When studying the issues of the viability of settlements, a significant indicator in the context of landscaping is the provision of the population with plantings on public facilities, such as the area of green areas of public use, in square meters, per inhabitant. The state regulation of the number, condition, placement of plantings and landscaping objects of the city is carried out depending on its size, area, population, climatic and forest-growing zone, the presence of industrial facilities within its borders and the hazard class. For a specific study, only landscaping objects were studied (less often self-growing areas or remnants of indigenous forests that are not registered in the Public Cadastral Map as building territories), classified as public use objects with an area of at least 200 m2, on which trees occupy at least 50% of the area. The main methods were adopted – visual assessment (when determining objects and the proportion of plantings within the boundaries of objects), analysis (when comparing General planning materials, visual assessment materials obtained and laws of various levels), calculated (for the area of provision of residents with plantings). For the study of public landscaping objects, the author's methodology has been developed and tested, based on some principles, including 5 main stages of study. The analysis of the collected materials shows that public landscaping facilities in 11 studied cities of the Irkutsk region are not enough to provide even an outdated standard area of plantings of 7-10 m2 per person. Despite the fact that not only parks and squares of citywide significance were taken into account, but also self-growing areas, and remnants of forests among residential buildings, security rarely exceeds 50% of the norm. There are no digital data on landscaping in the General Plan of the city of Baikalsk, but one object in the Public Cadastral Map is taken into account for the organization of the park. In the materials on G. Ust-Kutu, it was noted that the recreational zone with plantings occupies more than 97% of the city's territory. For the cities of Taishet, Zima, Kirensk, Biryusinsk, it is only planned to create a landscaping system. There is one public landscaping facility in Alzamai. Residents of the cities of Shelekhov, Svirsk, Vikhorevka and Alzamai can be considered conditionally provided with plantings.
INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT ON THE CLINICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL STATUS AND PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF COWS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE IRKUTSK REGION
Authors:   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Yezhevsky, Artemenko K.M. , Adushinov D.S. ,   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Yezhevsky
Published: January 2022

Comprehensive studies have been conducted on the comparative assessment of the influence of the method of maintenance and technological equipment on the clinical, physiological, hematological and productive indicators of cows in the climatic conditions of the Irkutsk region. The results of the conducted studies indicate the high degree of importance of maintaining optimal parameters of the microclimate of cowsheds in the harsh climatic conditions of the Baikal region and the use of modern automatic equipment. Significant temperature changes in the cowshed during the seasons have a negative impact on the behavior and health of the animal. Excessive temperature and humidity readings lead to a deterioration of appetite, a decrease in feed consumption and a decrease in animal productivity. At low temperatures, there is an increased consumption of feed, which is associated with the need to obtain energy aimed at warming the body without a positive effect on milk productivity. Also, under equal microclimatic conditions of cowsheds, a more positive effect on the economic and useful indicators of Siberian cows with a loose method of maintenance compared to a tethered one was noted. With loose technology, cows have the best indicators of resistant qualities, metabolism and milk productivity, while increasing the automation of production processes, increasing the level of labor and profitability of production. The given advantages of a loose method of keeping, a calm disposition and a technological predisposition of Siberian cows indicate the optimal use of this technology for keeping the cows under study in the conditions of the Irkutsk Region.
FEATURES OF OPERATION OF PUMPING STATIONS ON CLOSED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev, Beglyarov D.S. , Sukharev Yu.I. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev, Ali M.S. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev, Nazarkin E.E. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev
Published: January 2022

The creation of modern reclamation systems is accompanied by the emergence of new technical solutions, the complexity of the design of individual elements and, as a result, an increase in labor and money costs for their design, construction and subsequent operation. There are also requirements for reducing the construction time of these facilities, and improving the efficiency of agricultural production on reclaimed lands. The creation of modern reclamation systems needs to clarify the traditional methodological approaches to solving a number of problems. In reclamation construction, closed irrigation systems are becoming increasingly widespread, the main elements of which are: a stationary or mobile pumping station, a closed irrigation network and sprinkler equipment. The experience of operating modern closed irrigation systems has shown that due to changes in the operating modes of pumping stations and sprinkler equipment, sharp pressure fluctuations (hydraulic shocks) occur in pipelines during certain periods, which can lead to network destruction, failure of pipeline valves and pumps. Hydraulic engineering and reclamation facilities must meet certain requirements for reliability and environmental safety. First of all, this is achieved by protecting pipelines from an unacceptable increase in pressure that occurs during hydraulic shocks caused by changes in the operation of pumping units. Damage and accidents in the pressure systems of a closed irrigation network can also occur during transients that occur when pumping units are started up in accordance with the work schedule. The purpose of the work is to clarify the calculation justification, design and safe operation of closed irrigation systems with pumping stations.