bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in Attitude towards End-Of-Life Care among Haemodialysis Patients and their Family Members in Two Malaysian Hospitals
Authors: Azahar Aizad , Ibrahim Noor Airini
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: End-of-life (EOL) care has become an important topic of discussion  in those with chronic illness, especially in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis. This study explored attitudes towards the EOL care among haemodialysis patients and compared them with the patients’ family members. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in two tertiary hospitals in Malaysia. The data was collected by using a survey questionnaire from 164 participants which consisted of 82 pairs of patients and their relatives. RESULTS: ‘Patient’ and ‘family’ groups demonstrated differences in their preferences regarding EOL care options. Family members group favoured cardiopulmonary resuscitation (81.7% vs 41.4%) (p <0.001), endotracheal intubation (80.5% vs 43.9%) (p = 0.989) and nasogastric tube feeding (87.8% vs 67%) (p = 0.001) more than patients themselves. The physician was the most nominated surrogate decision-maker by the patient (91.5%). Majority of the patients (57.3%) felt uncomfortable discussing EOL care options. There was significant correlation between duration of dialysis and patients’ EOL preferences where patients less than 5 years on haemodialysis favoured CPR (55.9% vs 31.3%; p = 0.026), intubation (55.9% vs 35.4%) and nasogastric tube feeding (82.3% vs 56.3%; p = 0.013) compared to patients who had been on haemodialysis for 5 years or longer. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated significant differences between the attitudes of the patients and their relatives regarding EOL care preferences.
Translation and Validation of Computer Vision Syndrome Scale 17 (CVSS 17) – The Malay Version
Authors: Md-Yasin Mazapuspavina , Din Nor Shazatul Salwana , Tharek Zahirah , Abd Aziz Nor Azimah , Mohamad Mariam
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Computer Vision Syndrome Scale 17 (CVSS17) is a questionnaire to measure computer-related visual and ocular symptoms among video display terminal workers. This study aimed to translate CVSS17 into Malay languag and determine its psychometric properties among video display terminal workers.  Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional validation study involving 206 workers in Universiti Teknologi MARA UiTM Selayang and Sungai Buloh Campus. The English version of the CVSS17 questionnaire is a 17-item scale measuring two key factors, which are internal symptom factors (11 items) and external symptom factors (6 items). The CVSS17 underwent forward-backward translation, face validation, and field testing to produce the Malay version. Validity of the items assessing psychometric properties was performed using exploratory factor analysis. The reliability testing was performed using internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Results: The validated CVSS17-Malay version retained all 17 items with acceptable factor loadings. There were 13 items in the external, and 4 items in the internal symptom factors domain. In comparison to the original version, 4 items (A2, A22, A28, A30) were swapped from internal to external symptom factors and 2 items (C16 and C23) swapped from external to internal symptom factors. The changes of these items into different domains were discussed. The overall Cronbach’s α was 0.867 and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.866. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin was 0.928, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was p-value <0.001. Conclusion: The CVSS17 Malay version is valid, reliable, and stable over time, to be used in measuring computer vision syndrome among Malay-speaking workers.
Estimates Of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: Comparisons of Different Equations
Authors: Md Ralib Azrina , Mohd Hanafiah Farah Nadia , Abd Rashid Iqbalmunawwir , Abd Rahim Shahir Asraf , Mat Nor Mohd Basri
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Accurate assessment of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is important in the critically ill. Kinetic estimate of GFR (keGFR) considers the changes of creatinine, creatinine production rate, and volume of distribution, hence postulated to be a more accurate estimate of GFR, where there are rapidly changing kidney functions. We evaluated the association of the estimated GFR by established equations and keGFR with creatinine clearance (CrCl) measurement. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study of critically ill patients. Inclusion criteria were patients older than 18 years old with sepsis (clinical infection and increase in SOFA score>2), and plasma procalcitonin>0.5ng/ml. Plasma creatinine and Cystatin C (CysC) were measured on admission and 4 hours later, and the eGFR were calculated by the Cockcroft Gault (CG), MDRD, CKD-EPI and keGFR equations, and compared to the CrCl measurement. Results: A total of 70 patients were recruited. eGFR by all 4 equations strongly correlates with CrCl. keGFR had the least bias depicted by the mean differences nearest to zero (-18ml/min). Similarly, keGFRCysC had less bias than eGFRCysC, with mean difference of -21ml/min. eGFRCG had the greatest precision depicted by the narrower SD lines, however the precision of both keGFR were not much difference compared to those of eGFRCG. Conclusions: In critically ill patients with sepsis, keGFRCr and keGFRCysC had the least bias and fair precision when compared to creatinine clearance measurement. In the absence of creatinine clearance measurement, keGFR calculations is useful as surrogate for kidney function.
Design of potential vitamin-drug conjugate for enhanced anticancer activity
Authors:   Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhole R.P. , Swamy M.R. ,   Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Wavhale R. ,   Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bonde C.G. ,   NMIMS School of Pharmacy, Chikhale R. ,   UCL School of Pharmacy
Published: April 2022

5-Fluorouracil, a primary molecule widely used in the treatment of various cancer stages, is rapidly metabolized to an inactive form, namely 5,6-dihydro-5-FU and various mutational changes in chemotherapy. We utilized a carbodiimide catalyst to form a conjugate with folic acid. As folic acid receptors are over-expressed in cancerous tissues, it increases the bioavailability of 5-FU. This work represents design and synthesis of the new vitamin-drug conjugate, possibly enhancing anticancer activity. 5-Fluorouracil has potent action on breast, colorectal, stomach, and skin cancer tissues. Folic acid aided in targeting FRα receptors of cancer cells selectively. 5-FUFA was subjected to spectral characterization to confirm successful conjugation. The molecular dynamics simulation was studied in the Schrodinger suite and validated by molecular trajectory in CPPTRAJ software. This conjugate was further studied for molecular modeling studies and the docking score of the conjugate represented a higher binding score than 5-FU, i.e., –8.0 Kcal/mol. The drug-receptor interaction was further validated using molecular dynamics simulation in the Schrodinger suite and molecular trajectory CPPTRAJ software for 100 ns. The molecular dynamics simulation results showed stability with slight conformational change at 25 ns from 2–4 Å
Environmental pollutants notifications in Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed
Authors: Çiftçi Nursevim , Karadeniz Şule , Deniz Şirinyıldız Derya , Yorulmaz Aslı
Published: April 2022

Rapid Alarm System for Food and Feed (RASFF); is a database created by the European Commission that provides rapid information flow and response when risks to public health are identified in the food chain. Within the scope of this study, a detailed report was prepared on the notifications of environmental pollutants in foods in the Rapid Alarm System database between 2000 and 2020. All data obtained from the system were evaluated using Microsoft Office Excel 2010. When 774 notifications made in 21 years were examined, it was determined that 32% of the notifications were about “fish and fish products”, 29% about “oils and fats” and 11% about “dietetic products and food supplements”. The main problem (12% of the notifications) was determined to be “polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons”. Among all notifications, 33% of them were found to have a “serious risk” degree. The highest number of notifications (81 notifications) was detected in 2001. Additionally, 61% of the notifications were in the “alert”, 13% “information”, 11% “information for attention”, 11% “border rejection” and 4% “information follow-up” notifications. Most of the notifications (415 notifications) were created as a result of official controls in the market. Germany was the country with the highest notifications, with 178 notifications. As a result of the notifications, sanctions were generally imposed on “withdrawal of products from the market” and “withdrawal of products from the market by the manufacturer”. Considering the decrease in PAH notifications from food-related environmental pollutants over the years, it can be thought that the Rapid Alert System was effective in the decrease in the number of notifications.
Automated prediction of the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score from CT using a novel deep learning algorithm
Authors: Doerr Sophia A. , Weber-Levine Carly , Hersh Andrew M. , Awosika Tolulope , Judy Brendan , Jin Yike , Raj Divyaansh , Liu Ann , Lubelski Daniel , Jones Craig K. , Sair Haris I. , Theodore Nicholas
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE

Damage to the thoracolumbar spine can confer significant morbidity and mortality. The Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score (TLICS) is used to categorize injuries and determine patients at risk of spinal instability for whom surgical intervention is warranted. However, calculating this score can constitute a bottleneck in triaging and treating patients, as it relies on multiple imaging studies and a neurological examination. Therefore, the authors sought to develop and validate a deep learning model that can automatically categorize vertebral morphology and determine posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) integrity, two critical features of TLICS, using only CT scans.

METHODS

All patients who underwent neurosurgical consultation for traumatic spine injury or degenerative pathology resulting in spine injury at a single tertiary center from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively evaluated for inclusion. The morphology of injury and integrity of the PLC were categorized on CT scans. A state-of-the-art object detection region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN), Faster R-CNN, was leveraged to predict both vertebral locations and the corresponding TLICS. The network was trained with patient CT scans, manually labeled vertebral bounding boxes, TLICS morphology, and PLC annotations, thus allowing the model to output the location of vertebrae, categorize their morphology, and determine the status of PLC integrity.

RESULTS

A total of 111 patients were included (mean ± SD age 62 ± 20 years) with a total of 129 separate injury classifications. Vertebral localization and PLC integrity classification achieved Dice scores of 0.92 and 0.88, respectively. Binary classification between noninjured and injured morphological scores demonstrated 95.1% accuracy. TLICS morphology accuracy, the true positive rate, and positive injury mismatch classification rate were 86.3%, 76.2%, and 22.7%, respectively. Classification accuracy between no injury and suspected PLC injury was 86.8%, while true positive, false negative, and false positive rates were 90.0%, 10.0%, and 21.8%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, the authors demonstrate a novel deep learning method to automatically predict injury morphology and PLC disruption with high accuracy. This model may streamline and improve diagnostic decision support for patients with thoracolumbar spinal trauma.
Approach selection for resection of petroclival meningioma
Authors: Jackson Christina , Tadokoro Kent S. , Wang Eric W. , Zenonos Georgios A. , Snyderman Carl H. , Gardner Paul A.
Published: April 2022

Petroclival meningiomas are surgically challenging tumors because of their deep location and involvement of critical neurovascular structures. A variety of approaches have been described, and selection of approach should be tailored to the location of the tumor relative to neurovascular structures and surgical experience. The authors present two patients with petroclival meningiomas with varying relationships to cranial nerves and skull base anatomy who underwent endoscopic endonasal and open petrosectomy approaches, to demonstrate the complementarity of the endonasal transpetrous and open transpetrosal corridors. Proficiency in both open and endonasal approaches is critical to appropriate approach selection and maximal safe resection.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2022.1.FOCVID21252
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome‐Associated Cerebral Microhemorrhages in a Child with COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Gala F.B. , Shobhavat L. , Kothari S. , Joshi R. , Gupta E.
Published: April 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been rarely associated with neurologic complications that are more vividly described in adults. Similar literature on the pediatric population is scarce. We report multisystem
inflammatory syndrome‐associated cerebral microhemorrhages in a child with COVID-19 infection.
Znaczenie słowa geniusz w wyrażeniu geniusz kobiety/kobiecy w czterech tekstach Jana Pawła II
Authors: Makuchowska Marzena Jadwiga
Published: April 2022

Artykuł analizuje znaczenie słowa geniusz w wyrażeniu geniusz kobiecy/kobiety, które wprowadził papież Jan Paweł II do dyskursu Kościoła katolickiego na temat płci. Badania pokazują, że to nowe użycie słowa geniusz bazuje na jego już istniejących znaczeniach, ale nie jest z nimi tożsame. Znaczenie rozumiane jest szeroko – jako zespół sądów o różnym statusie, mający charakter podmiotowy (związany z czyjąś koncepcją) i dyskursowy (włączony w „porządek” danego dyskursu, w tym wypadku – dyskursu katolickiego). W warstwie opisowej geniusz (kobiety/kobiecy) oznacza esencjalistycznie i komplementarnie pojętą istotę płci, ale bardzo ważne jest także wysoce pozytywne nacechowanie słowa, które konotuje (a zarazem komunikuje) informację o byciu wyjątkowym, nadzwyczajnym, wyróżnionym przez fakt przynależności do swej płci, przy czym jest to komunikat zaadresowany głównie do kobiet.
Mariusz Szram, Wokół osoby i myśli Orygenesa (Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL 2021)
Authors: Czyżewski Bogdan Stanisław
Published: April 2022

Recenzja książki: Ks. Mariusz Szram, Wokół osoby i myśli Orygenesa (Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL 2021). Ss. 477. 55 PLN. ISBN 978-83-8061-928-9
Cubosomes Nanoparticles: Recent Advancements in Drug Delivery
Authors: Suresh Akshay Maniyeri , Kallingal Anoop
Published: April 2022

Cubosomes are nanoparticles that are square or rounded and have internal cubic lattices. Cubosomes are a one-of-a-kind creation that combines food science, differential geometry, biological membranes, and digestion into a single entity. Because of its discovery and nomination, self-assembled cubosomes have developed in appeal as excellent drug delivery methods. Cubosomes are thermodynamically stable and contain a honeycomb-like structure of bicontinuous water and lipid domains. It is produced into bilayers inside the surfactant and wrapped into a three-dimensional, intermittent, and minimum surface, resulting in a densely packed structure. The material is a bicontinuous cubic liquid crystalline form that is optically clear and very viscous, with a unique composition in the nanometer range. Overall, cubosomes are critical in nano drug preparations for melanoma treatment because to their intrinsic benefits, which include higher surface area and cuboidal structures, which allow for larger drug payloads. They’re easy to make, and their biodegradability allows them to encapsulate hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and amphiphilic chemicals while releasing bioactive substances in a regulated manner. Dispersion of biocompatible and bioadhesive cubosomes Cubosomes are tiny structures that may be administered in a variety of methods, including oral, percutaneous, and parenteral, due to their features. Cubosomes have a wide range of uses and are represented by a number of characteristics. As a result, cubosomes are gaining in popularity in the pharmaceutical testing industry.
Looking Forward to the Promising Anti-Filarial Plant Resources and Futuristic Drug Discovery Approaches
Authors: Yadav Rachna , Kadawla Mamta , Rao Lakshita , Khati Bimla
Published: April 2022

In tropical and subtropical nations, lymphatic filariasis (LF) is considered a significant public health issue. Adult worms may survive in an infected person for many years, generating microfilariae (mf) and aiding disease transmission via vector mosquitoes. Elephantiasis, river blindness, and tropical pulmonary eosinophilia are among the illnesses caused by filarial worms. The medication of choice for treating filariasis has a slew of negative side effects. Current filariasis control methods aren’t considered to be entirely safe or effective. This necessitates the development of an effective and safe medication to combat the adult filarial worm. Researchers have looked at the impact of a variety of medicinal herbs on filarial worms, and several of them have been shown to have anti-filarial action. The profiles of the plants as anti-filarial drugs are presented in this review, which should not only impact the target but also have very few or no adverse effects.
Reading comprehension through the use of graphic organizers
Authors: Campoverde López Jhonny , López López Jacqueline
Published: April 2022

The main purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the application of graphic organizers to improve reading comprehension in students of English as a second language.  The study covered a population of 25 university students of Language and Literature career who had deficiencies to understand details in narrative texts.   Quantitative instruments were applied to sustenance the investigation.  The instruments involved are pre-test and post-test, rubric, survey, and a checklist to estimate students’ advancement and progress. The application of the checklist helped students to use the required elements in their tasks.  The results showed that students improved their reading comprehension because while pre-test revealed a mean of 5.2/10, the post-test showed 9.5/10 which means 54% of improvement. Students had the opportunity to express their satisfaction of using this innovation because they suggested to apply the same strategy in other subjects.  This work involves teachers and students since it can generate positive contributions of using graphic organizers to improve reading comprehension
Accountability Paradox for the Success of Public Private Partnership (PPP) Projects in developing Countries
Authors: Nuwagaba Innocent , Muhiya Tshombe Lukamba , Molokwane Thekiso , Nduhura Alex
Published: April 2022

PPP projects are now being considered as a financing option for infrastructural development across the globe. The study was guided by accountability theory. The successful adoption of PPP projects in developing countries has been hindered by different poor accountability mechanisms. The main objectives of the study are to examine the relevance of accountability theory in adoption of PPPs and to analyse the issues of accountability for PPP projects in developing countries. Data collected through review of scholarly literature and documents review was analysed using narratives. The Study findings revealed that accountability theory is highly relevant to the adoption of PPP projects and that accountability is very fundamental for effective adoption of PPPs in developing countries. It was concluded that accountability theory should always be put into consideration if PPPs are to succeed. It was recommended that developing countries need to ensure a conducive accountability mechanism for successful adoption of PPPs.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Profile of Tau, Phosphorylated Tau, Aβ42, and Aβ40 in Probable Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Authors: Grangeon Lou , Paquet Claire , Guey Stéphanie , Zarea Aline , Martinaud Olivier , Rotharmel Maud , Maltête David , Quillard-Muraine Muriel , Nicolas Gael , Charbonnier Camille , Chabriat Hugues , Wallon David
Published: April 2022

Background: There is no consensus regarding the diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Objective: To describe the CSF levels of Aβ42, Aβ40, total protein Tau, and phosphorylated-Tau (p-Tau) in a large series of probable CAA patients and to compare with AD patients in order to identify a specific pattern in CAA but also to look for correlations with the neuroimaging profile. Methods: We retrospectively included from 2 French centers probable CAA patients according to modified Boston criteria who underwent lumbar puncture (LP) with CSF AD biomarker quantifications. Two neurologists independently analyzed all MRI sequences. A logistic regression and Spearman’s correlation coefficient were used to identify correlation between MRI and CSF biomarkers in CAA. Results: We included 63 probable CAA and 27 AD patients. Among CAA 50.8% presented with decreased Aβ42 level associated with elevated p-Tau and/or Tau, 34.9% with isolated decreased Aβ42 level and 14.3% patients with normal Aβ42 level. Compared to AD, CAA showed lower levels of Tau (p = 0.008), p-Tau (p = 0.004), and Aβ40 (p = 0.001) but similar Aβ42 level (p = 0.07). No correlation between Aβ42 or Aβ40 levels and neuroimaging was found. Conclusion: CSF biomarkers may improve the accuracy of the modified Boston criteria with altered profile in 85% of the patients fulfilling revised Boston criteria for probable CAA. Aβ40 appears as an interesting selective biomarker in differential diagnosis.
Measuring Subjective Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: Harmonization Between the Cognitive Change Index and the Measurement of Everyday Cognition Instruments
Authors: Wells Lindsey F. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Risacher Shannon L. , McDonald Brenna C. , Farlow Martin R. , Brosch Jared , Gao Sujuan , Apostolova Liana G. , Saykin Andrew J.
Published: April 2022

Background: Self and informant (proxy or study partner) reports of everyday cognitive functioning have been shown to be associated with incipient neurodegenerative disease. The 20-item Cognitive Change Index (CCI) and the 39-item Measurement of Everyday Cognition (ECog) were each developed to characterize early subjective changes in cognitive function. Objective: We examined the relationship between CCI and ECog self and informant-based evaluations to determine content overlap and provide a co-calibration for converting between these widely used instruments. Methods: 950 participants (57.1% female, mean age = 71.2 years) from ADNI and the Indiana ADRC with self-based evaluations and 279 participants (60.9% female, mean age = 71.8 years) with informant-based evaluations (Indiana ADRC) were included. Analyzed variables for the CCI and ECog included domain mean scores, memory domain total scores, and total scores for all items. Spearman correlations, regression analyses, and frequency distributions were used to assess the relationship between CCI and ECog. Sex, age, years of education, race/ethnicity, APOE ɛ4 carrier status, and baseline diagnosis were also analyzed as potentially relevant covariates. Results: CCI and ECog total scores were highly correlated for the self (r = 0.795, p < 0.001) and informant-based (r = 0.840, p < 0.001) versions, as expected. Frequency distributions of self and informant total scores were generated and plotted separately. Quadratic regressions for self (r2 = 0.626) and informant (r2 = 0.741) scores were used to create a translation table between the CCI and ECog total scores. Conclusion: Self and informant total scores can be harmonized and translated between the CCI and ECog to facilitate cross-study and longitudinal assessment of perceived cognitive change, an important patient-reported outcome.
Early-Life Pb Exposure Might Exert Synapse-Toxic Effects Via Inhibiting Synapse-Associated Membrane Protein 2 (VAMP2) Mediated by Upregulation of miR-34b
Authors: Yang Changhao , Kang Beipei , Cao Zipeng , Zhang Jianbin , Zhao Fang , Wang Diya , Su Peng , Chen Jingyuan
Published: April 2022

Background: Early-life Pb exposure can cause behavioral and cognitive problems and induce symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention in children. Studies showed that blood lead levels were highly correlated with neuropsychiatric disorders, and effects of neurotoxicity might persist and affect the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, for example Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: To explore possible mechanisms of developmental Pb-induced neuropsychiatric dysfunctions. Methods: Children were divided into low blood lead level (BLL) group (0–50.00μg/L) and high BLL group (> 50.00μg/L) and blood samples were collected. miRNA array was used to testify miRNA expression landscape between two groups. Correlation analysis and real-time PCR were applied to find miRNAs that altered in Pb and neuropsychiatric diseases. Animal models and cell experiments were used to confirm the effect of miRNAs in response to Pb, and siRNA and luciferase experiments were conducted to examine their effect on neural functions. Results: miRNA array data and correlation analysis showed that miR-34b was the most relevant miRNA among Pb neurotoxicity and neuropsychiatric disorders, and synapse-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2) was the target gene regulating synapse function. In vivo and in vitro studies showed Pb exposure injured rats’ cognitive abilities and induced upregulation of miR-34b and downregulation of VAMP2, resulting in decreases of hippocampal synaptic vesicles. Blockage of miR-34b mitigated Pb’s effects on VAMP2 in vitro. Conclusion: Early-life Pb exposure might exert synapse-toxic effects via inhibiting VAMP2 mediated by upregulation of miR-34b and shed a light on the underlying relationship between Pb neurotoxicity and developmental neuropsychiatric disorders.
Scriptable and composable SNARKs in the trusted hardware model1
Authors: Zhou Zhelei , Zhang Bingsheng , Chen Yuan , Li Jiaqi , Zhou Yajin , Lu Yibiao , Ren Kui , Thai Phuc , Zhou Hong-Sheng
Published: April 2022

Non-interactive zero-knowledge proof or argument (NIZK) systems are widely used in many security sensitive applications to enhance computation integrity, privacy and scalability. In such systems, a prover wants to convince one or more verifiers that the result of a public function is correctly computed without revealing the (potential) private input, such as the witness. In this work, we introduce a new notion, called scriptable SNARK, where the prover and verifier(s) can specify the function (or language instance) to be proven via a script. We formalize this notion in UC framework and provide a generic trusted hardware based solution. We then instantiate our solution in both SGX and Trustzone with Lua script engine. The system can be easily used by typical programmers without any cryptographic background. The benchmark result shows that our solution is better than all the known SNARK proof systems w.r.t. prover’s running time (1000 times faster), verifier’s running time, and the proof size. In addition, we also give a lightweight scriptable SNARK protocol for hardware with limited state, e.g., Θ ( λ ) bits. Finally, we show how the proposed scriptable SNARK can be readily deployed to solve many well-known problems in the blockchain context, e.g. verifier’s dilemma, fast joining for new players, etc.
Design and implementation of bridge information management system based on BIM
Authors: Chen Dengfeng , Wang Shuaiju , Zhang Wen , Yang Yalong , Chen Pengwen
Published: April 2022

With the development of infrastructure construction in China, the number of bridges is increasing rapidly, putting a strain on operation management and structural maintenance. Bridge Information Management System (BIMS) uses information and digital technology to ensure the maintenance of the bridge in long-term operation. However, large-scale bridge models are large in size, complex in structure, rich in information and occupy more computer resources, which harms performance of the BIMS. This paper aims to design and develop a bridge information visualization management system based on Building Information Model (BIM). The geometry and material information for the model is extracted from the IFC by the secondary development of Revit. The lightweight method of the bridge model is studied and implemented, and the model volume is reduced to less than 20% by using the lightweight algorithm. Also, a Web-BIM-oriented model visualization scheme is proposed to render the lightweight model into the browser. This system integrates BIM with the Internet of Things (IoT) and contains information visualization, human-computer interaction and user collaboration. Such a BIMS can effectively relieve the pressure of bridge operation and maintenance, while also providing managers with a safe and reliable platform.
Using machine learning technique for designing reinforced lightweight soil
Authors: Tran Van Quan , Nguyen Linh Quy
Published: April 2022

Taking advantage of dredged sediments as lightweight materials is a useful solution to protect the environment and save natural materials in the field of construction. In which unconfined compression strength is an important criterion to determine the application in the construction project. It is difficult to find the optimal mixing ratio based on design standards or construction conditions because the unconfined compression strength (UCS) is affected by the mixing ratio of the materials and additives. In this study, the Machine Learning (ML) models consisting of Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) model and Linear regression models are investigated to design components for reinforced lightweight soil based on the influence of unconfined compression strength of the test sample which is water content, cement content, air foam content, waste fishing net. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed ML models, several evaluation criteria including Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2) are proposed. The results show that the predictions of the XGB model have high accuracy with R2 = 0.9695, RMSE = 5.5849 kPa and MAE = 4.1583 kPa for the testing dataset. Sensitivity analysis evaluates the influence of input variables on UCS and the interaction between input variables to help design RLS components optimally.
Classification and identification of garment images based on deep learning
Authors: Wang Jing
Published: April 2022

The clothing images on the Internet is growing rapidly, and there is an increasing demand for the clothing images’ intelligent classification. In this paper, Region-Based Fully Convolutional Networks (R-FCN) is introduced into the clothing image recognition. In the clothing image classification, because the network training time is long and the recognition rate of deformed clothing images is low, an improved framework HSR-FCN is proposed. The regional suggestion network and HyperNet network in R-FCN are integrated in the new framework, the learning approach of image features is changed in HSR-FCN, the higher accuracy can be achieved in a shorter training time. A spatial transformation network is introduced into the model, the input clothing image and feature map are spatially transformed and aligned, the feature learning is strengthened for multi-angle clothing and deformed clothing. The experimental results show that the improved HSR-FCN model is used to strengthen effectively the learning of deformed clothing images, and with a shorter training time, the average accuracy rate of the original network model R-FCN is increased by about 3%, it reachs 96.69%.
Effective dose and radiation risk under 640-slice abdominal computed tomography examination without contrast medium injection
Authors: Lu Ming-Yi , Ting Chien-Yi , Jao Jo-Chi
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND:

Medical imaging plays a crucial role in modern medicine. In order to provide fast and accurate medical diagnosis, computed tomography (CT) is a commonly used tool in radiological examinations, and 640-slice CT is the most advanced CT imaging modality.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the radiation dose and the risk under 640-slice abdominal CT examination.

METHODS:

Examinations were performed using a 640-slice CT scanner on an Alderson-Rando anthropomorphic phantom. The used scanning acquisition parameters were the same as those used on abdominal examination without contrast medium injection in clinical practice. To measure the absorbed doses, optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) were put into liver, stomach, bladder, gonads, colon, small intestine, bone marrow, and skin.

RESULTS:

According to the 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP Publication 60), the calculated effective doses received from this examination were 0.90 mSv in males and 0.89 mSv in females. According to the 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP Publication 103), the calculated effective dose received from this examination was 0.83 mSv in both sexes.

CONCLUSIONS:

Radiation doses obtained from the abdominal 640-slice CT examination are lower than the yearly cumulative doses received from natural radiation, revealing there is no deterministic effect and radiation risk is relatively low; therefore, this CT examination is considered safe.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS PENGENDALIAN PENDUDUK, KB, PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DAN PERLINDUNGAN ANAK KABUPATEN KAUR
Authors: Handayani Sri , Soleh Ahmad , Wulandari Ike
Published: April 2022

The purpose if this study is to describe and analyze of motivation and leadership on theperformance of employees in the Department of PP (Population Control), KB (Family Planning),PP (Women's Empowerment) and PA (Children Protection) in Kaur Regency. This type ofresearch uses quantitative descriptive. The sampling technique used census techniques of 49respondents. Research analysis using multiple linear regression analysis.Based on thediscussion, it can be concluded that motivation does not influence the performance of employeesin the Department of PP, KB, PP and PA in Kaur Regency. This is evidenced by the calculated t count obtained for 1,640. While the value of t table is 2.013, hence t count< t table which results in H0is accepted and Ha is rejected, which means the research hypothesis is rejected. Leadershipinfluences the performance of employees in the Department of PP, KB, PP and PA in KaurRegency. This is evidenced by the calculated t count obtained of 5.700. While the value of t table is2.013, hence t count> T table which results in H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, which means theresearch hypothesis is accepted.
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR FAKTOR STRATEGIS DALAM RANGKA PEMBUATAN PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN PARTISIPASI DESA PAKIS MOJOKERTO JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Hermanto Bambang Agoes , Manzilati Asfi , Maski Ghozali , Ismail Munawar
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify strategic factors in the framework of making participatory development planning in thevillage of Pakis Mojokerto, East Java. The methodology used in this research is descriptive qualitative using SWOT analysis. The results of the study show that the actors of strengths and opportunities greatly contribute to strategic determination, so thestrategy used is to optimize strengths in seizing opportunities. The strategy is to increase human resources (including improving health and education infrastructure and facilities), increase access to financial institutions or credit for productive business development, develop non-agricultural businesses that are still related to the agricultural sector, and develop village tourism. The implications of this research are The strategy used in participatory development planning is to strengthen strengths toovercome weaknesses
ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN TERHADAP PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PADA ERA JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL DI RUMAH SAKIT PARU SURABAYA
Authors: Pudjowati Juliani , Rochmawati Sri Wahyuni , Retnowati Nova , Rahmawati Farida Yuni , Balafif Mamak , Syamsudin Achmad
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study wasto determine the marketing strategy, the effectiveness of the marketing strategy, the obstacles in carrying out the marketing strategy, and how to overcome the obstacles in carrying out the marketing strategy of health services during the JKN (National Health Insurance) era at the hospital. Lung Surabaya. This study uses a qualitative approach and the researcher as the key instrument. This technique of determining key informants is carried out before or when conducting field research. The technique used before the field research is the judgment of the researcher. Meanwhile, the technique of determining key informants during field research is snowball or snowball technique. The judgment technique is carried out using certain criteria that have been previously determined by the researcher in this study, namely the director, then using the snowballing method totaling 5 key informants. The validity of the data using the triangulation method. Analysis of the data from this study using data reduction, data collection, data display, conclusions
PENGARUH PERSEPSI KUALITAS PELAYANAN, CITRA PERUSAHAAN DAN PERSEPSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN BENGKEL SEPEDA MOTOR HONDA AHASS: 0295 PATRA JAYA KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Markoni Markoni
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of service quality perception, corporate image and consumer perception on consumer loyalty of Honda Ahass Motorcycle: 0295 Patra Jaya Bengkulu City, with a total sample of 50 people, taken by accidental sampling technique data analysis used partial correlation method, simultaneous correlation and multiple regression methods, and the research hypothesis wastested with statistics. The results of the partial correlation analysis show that the three variables of service quality perception, company image and consumer perception will each have a strong, unidirectional and significant effect on consumer loyalty. Meanwhile, simultaneously shows that the three variables together have a very strong and positive and significant effect on consumer loyalty. Thus, every change in the perceived service quality variable, corporate image and consumer perception, either alone or jointly, will be followed by changes in the consumer loyalty variable in the same direction, either increasing or decreasing. The results of Multiple Regression Consumer Analysis show that the balance of the nature and magnitude of the influence of three variables, namely the perception of quality on the Loyalty of Honda Ahass Motorcycles: 0295 Patra Jaya Bengkulu City. with the order of magnitude of influence on the variable of consumer loyalty, each variable is corporate image, then followed by the variable of consumer perception, and perception of service quality.
OPTIMISME DAN MOTIVASI LULUSAN PRODI MANAJEMEN UNIHAZ BENGKULU MENGHADAPI DUNIA KERJA DI ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Fauzan Fauzan
Published: April 2022

Sifat penelitian ini adalah eksplanatory risearach, yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan variabel Optimisme (X1) dan Motivasi (X2) dengan kesiapan memasuki dunia kerja (Y) dan menguji hipotesa. Penelitian ini menggunakan data kuantitatif yang berasal dari penyebaran kuesioner kepada reponden kemudian diolah kedalam analisa statistik. Hasil analisis diperoleh (1) variabel Optimisme (X1) dan Motivasi (X2) berpengaruh positif terhadap kesiapan lulusan prodi manajemen memasuki dunia kerja diera new normal (Y). Hal tersebut ditunjukkan oleh regrasi berganda, korelasi berganda, determinasi, uji-t dan uji-f. (2) Variabel motivasi memberikan kontribusi yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan optimisme dalam menumbuhkan kesiapan memasuki dunia kerja bagi lulusan prodi manajemen Unihaz Bengkulu yang menyelesaikan masa studinya. Sebagai saran, mahasiswa diberikan pasilitas dan kesempatan untuk mengembangkan dirisepertimengikutiorganisasikemahasiswaan,organisasi kerohanian dan mengikuti lomba-lomba untuk pengembangan diri.Disamping ituperlu ditumbuh dan kembangkanrasa percaya diri agarlulusan yang baru menyelesaikan studi tetap optimis dalam menatap masadepan
THE THE ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS� ABILITY IN APPLYING MODULATION TECHNIQUE IN TRANSLATING COLLOCATION ON �THE LOST SYMBOL� NOVEL BY DAN BROWN
Authors: Mayanti Detty Lis
Published: April 2022

The objective of this research was to analyze how students� ability in applying modulation technique in translating collocation from the novel �The lost Symbol� by Dan Brown. The research was a content analysis of descriptive qualitative. The population was the 6thsemester students of PBI IAIN Bengkulu in academic year 2019 with a total number of students 120 students. Out of this population, 25 students were taken as respondent, there were refresented from each class. The data were collected by using translation test which was contained six types of collocation. The data was found that the result of students� average score in collocation that researched as follow: Adjective and noun ware 60% (average) ,Noun and noun were 49% (very poor), Noun and verb were 41.6% (very poor), Verb and expression with preposition were 22,88% (very poor). The finding showed that there that the students�ability is dominant in collocation type of adjective and noun because to translate it just simple and the phrase of word is most familiar in their activities not also in translation subject but other skill language material. In other hand, the students� low ability in translate collocation of Verb and expression with prepositionbecause they could not just use the literal translation but they have to adapt it or changenged their point of view and use their cognitive and focus on the context, which make relevant and coherent.However, overall the average of students ability must be improved it with learn more and lecturer must be able to focus on students� weakness in applying translation technique especially on modulation to get the progress by the students� translation well.
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS� ERRORS IN USING QUANTIFIERS OF THE FIRST SEMESTER AT INSTITUTE AGAMA ISLAM AL-AZHAAR LUBUK LINGGAU
Authors: Sari Novita
Published: April 2022

This research aimed at finding out the types of students� error in using quantifiers and to finding out the causes of students� error in using quantifiers made by the students of first semester at Institute Agama Islam (IAI) Al-Azhaar Lubuklinggau. The design of this researchwas descriptive. The subjects were the students of first semester at Institute Agama Islam Al-Azhaar Lubuklinggau who attended English subject at Tarbiyah faculty with total of 31 students. The instruments were list of types of errors and list of causes of errors. The reseacher focused the study on using countable noun and uncountable noun. The findings revealed that there were 165 errors found in using quantifiers made by the students. The errors were classified into six quantifiers, namely, �much�, �many�, �a few�, �a little�, �a number�, and �amount�. with the most dominant error was in using �a few�. Moreover, there were three causes of quantifier errors, namely; carelessness, first language, and translation. However, the dominant cause was translation. Another causes of errors were lack of vocabulary and lack of grammar. It can be concluded that the most dominant type of quantifiers error made by the students was in using �a few� which is caused by the students� inability to find the suitable word in their writing.
Multimodal Teaching in EFL Context: A Literature Review
Authors: Suwastini Ni Komang Arie , Marantika Putu Dita , Adnyani Ni Luh Putu Sri , Mandala Made Astawa Kusuma , Artini Ni Nyoman
Published: April 2022

In the 21st century, the development of technology has made a lot of influence on the educational process. Technology brings many new approaches to the classroom such as multimodal teaching. The current study intended to review the implementation and effectiveness of multimodal teaching in the context of English language teaching. The review followed Aveyard's (2010) design, with the criteria of selecting the articles used as sources of data are research articles from journals. The result of the review found that the characteristics, benefits, and procedures of multimodal teaching vary greatly according to the needs and abilities of teachers to design the teaching and learning activities. The review also found that multimodal teaching affected students' motivation, productive skills, reading skills, and learning autonomy. This study suggests the implementation of multimodal teaching in ELT classrooms.
Diploma 3 Pharmacy Students� Perception toward Zoom Application Usage in Learning English during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sartika Dewi , Wahyudi Agus
Published: April 2022

Most educational institutions use online learning platforms during the Covid-19 pandemic. One of the platforms frequently used is Zoom. This research aimed to describe the diploma 3 pharmacy students� perceptions of the use of Zoom in learning English. The data were collected through a questionnaire and interviews. 43 diploma 3 of pharmacy students at STIFI Bhakti Pertiwi Palembang participated in this research. Since this research explored diploma 3 of pharmacy students' perception coming from the students' experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic, descriptive research by using qualitative technique was applied. The result of this research was found that diploma 3 pharmacy students got positive perception toward Zoom application usage in learning English because it was accessible and effective. Although the electricity disturbance, internet quota, and the use of smartphone were sources of students� problem in learning English, the diploma 3 pharmacy students agreed that Zoom application were effective and efficient in terms of time, place, and energy. Moreover, they also agreed that Zoom application could help them to improve language skills and to minimize bashfulness in virtual class interaction.