bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional landscape of highly lignified poplar stems at single-cell resolution
Authors: Chen Yang , Tong Shaofei , Jiang Yuanzhong , Ai Fandi , Feng Yanlin , Zhang Junlin , Gong Jue , Qin Jiajia , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhu Yingying , Liu Jianquan , Ma Tao
Published: November 2021

Background

Plant secondary growth depends on the activity of the vascular cambium, which produces xylem and phloem. Wood derived from xylem is the most abundant form of biomass globally and has played key socio-economic and subsistence roles throughout human history. However, despite intensive study of vascular development, the full diversity of cell types and the gene networks engaged are still poorly understood.

Results

Here, we have applied an optimized protoplast isolation protocol and RNA sequencing to characterize the high-resolution single-cell transcriptional landscape of highly lignified poplar stems. We identify 20 putative cell clusters with a series of novel cluster-specific marker genes and find that these cells are highly heterogeneous based on the transcriptome. Analysis of these marker genes’ expression dynamics enables reconstruction of the cell differentiation trajectories involved in phloem and xylem development. We find that different cell clusters exhibit distinct patterns of phytohormone responses and emphasize the use of our data to predict potential gene redundancy and identify candidate genes related to vascular development in trees.

Conclusions

These findings establish the transcriptional landscape of major cell types of poplar stems at single-cell resolution and provide a valuable resource for investigating basic principles of vascular cell specification and differentiation in trees.
Maternal and umbilical cord blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes showed moderate oxidative burst at phagocytosis of Gardnerella vaginalis
Authors: Swaminathan Anushia , Abd Aziz Nor Haslinda , Ayub Najiah Ajlaa , Wong Kon-Ken , Cheah Fook-Choe
Published: November 2021

Objective

Pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis due to Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) infection presents with a wide-ranging disease symptomatology. We speculate this may be due to interaction that varies between host immune response and the pathogen. We studied the oxidative burst in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL)s from maternal blood (MB) and cord blood (CB) upon phagocytosis of GV and compared against E. coli and Group B Streptococcus (GBS).

Results

The PHAGOBURST™ assay detects fluorescence from oxidized dihydrorhodamine during oxidative burst. The average percentage of PMNL showing oxidative burst was almost two-fold greater with GBS (99.5%) and E. coli (98.2%) than GV (56.9%) (p  < 0.01) in MB, but a similar proportion of PMNL with burst activity was seen in CB (84.7%). The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of oxidative burst in MB PMNL with GV was lower compared to E. coli but comparable to GBS. The MFI of CB PMNL (1580 ± 245.8) was significantly higher than MB PMNL (1198 ± 262.1) with GV, p  = 0.031. The live-cell imaging showed neutrophil oxidative burst upon phagocytosis of GV produces hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Overall, the HOCL-mediated microbicidal activity against GV is more variable and less robust than E. coli and GBS, especially in maternal than CB PMNL.
Sevoflurane preconditioning promotes mesenchymal stem cells to relieve myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via TRPC6-induced angiogenesis
Authors: Yang Jinting , Tang Lihui , Zhang Fengjiang , Yang Tingting , Lu Ting , Sun Kai , Sun Na , Ren Jinxuan , Yan Min
Published: November 2021

Background

Ischemic heart diseases is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although revascularization timely is an effective therapeutic intervention to salvage the ischemic myocardium, reperfusion itself causes additional myocardial injury called ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is one of the promising cells to alleviate ischemic myocardial injury. However, this cell therapy is limited by poor MSCs survival after transplantation. Here, we investigated whether sevoflurane preconditioning could promote MSCs to attenuate myocardial I/R injury via transient receptor potential canonical channel 6 (TRPC6)-induced angiogenesis.

Methods

The anti-apoptotic effect of sevoflurane preconditioning on MSCs was determined by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining. TRPC6, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expressions and VEGF release from MSCs were determined after hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock downTRPC6gene expression in MSCs. The angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) co-cultured with MSCs was determined by Matrigel tube formation. Myocardial I/R mouse model was induced by occluding left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min and then reperfusion. MSCs or sevoflurane preconditioned MSCs were injected around the ligature border zone 5 min before reperfusion. Left ventricle systolic function, infarction size, serum LDH, cTnI and inflammatory cytokines were determined after reperfusion.

Results

Sevoflurane preconditioning up-regulated TRPC6, HIF-1α, CXCR4 and VEGF expressions in MSCs and VEGF release from MSCs under H/R, which were reversed by knockdown ofTRPC6gene using siRNA in MSCs. Furthermore, sevoflurane preconditioning promoted the angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effect of HUVECs co-cultured with MSCs. Sevoflurane preconditioned MSCs improved left ventricle systolic function and alleviated myocardial infarction and inflammation in mice subjected to I/R insult.

Conclusion

The current findings reveal that sevoflurane preconditioned MSCs boost angiogenesis in HUVECs subjected to H/R insult and attenuate myocardial I/R injury, which may be mediated by TRPC6 up-regulated HIF-1α, CXCR4 and VEGF.
Transplantation of human embryonic stem cells alleviates motor dysfunction in AAV2-Htt171-82Q transfected rat model of Huntington’s disease
Authors: Islam Jaisan , So Kyoung Ha , KC Elina , Moon Hyeong Cheol , Kim Aryun , Hyun Sang Hwan , Kim Soochong , Park Young Seok
Published: November 2021

Background

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) transplantation had shown to provide a potential source of cells in neurodegenerative disease studies and lead to behavioral recovery in lentivirus transfected or, toxin-induced Huntington's disease (HD) rodent model. Here, we aimed to observe if transplantation of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-labeled hESCs could migrate in the neural degenerated area and improve motor dysfunction in an AAV2-Htt171-82Q transfected Huntington rat model.

Methods

All animals were randomly allocated into three groups at first: HD group, sham group, and control group. After six weeks, the animals of the HD group and sham group were again divided into two subgroups depending on animals receiving either ipsilateral or contralateral hESCs transplantation. We performed cylinder test and stepping test every two weeks after AAV2-Htt171-82Q injection and hESCs transplantation. Stem cell tracking was performed once per two weeks using T2 and T2*-weighted images at 4.7 Tesla MRI. We also performed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining to detect the presence of hESCs markers, huntingtin protein aggregations, and iron in the striatum.

Results

After hESCs transplantation, the Htt virus-injected rats exhibited significant behavioral improvement in behavioral tests. SPION labeled hESCs showed migration with hypointense signal in MRI. The cells were positive with βIII-tubulin, GABA, and DARPP32.

Conclusion

Collectively, our results suggested that hESCs transplantation can be a potential treatment for motor dysfunction of Huntington's disease.
Efficacy in degradation of carcinogenic pollutant sulforhodamine B by green synthesized silver nanoparticles
Authors: Jayakrishnan Ramakrishnan , Joseph Anju , Thomas Vinoy
Published: November 2021

Colloidal Silver nano-particles were grown at room temperature using leaf extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum. The silver nanoparticles suspended in the solution were found to be stable for over a period of 2 months. Structural, optical and photo catalytic behavior of the suspended silver (Ag) nano-particles (NPs) was characterized. From TEM analysis the size of the silver nanoparticles was estimated to be 25–30 nm. Our findings suggest that the ratio between the molarity of AgNO3 and the volume of leaf extract does not have any role in controlling the size of the Ag nano-particles. These green synthesized Ag nano-particles exhibit degradation of the carcinogenic organic pollutant sulforhodamine B in absence of light.
Dynamic behavior of pile-supported wharves by slope failure during earthquake via centrifuge tests
Authors: Yun Jung-Won , Han Jin-Tae
Published: November 2021

The effects of earthquakes on pile-supported wharves include damage to piles by inertial forces acting on the superstructure, and damage caused by horizontal displacement of retaining walls. Piles can also be damaged through kinematic forces generated by slope failure. Such forces are significant but it is difficult to clearly explain pile damage during slope failure since the inertial force of superstructure and the kinematic force by slope failure can occur simultaneously during an earthquake. In this study, dynamic centrifuge model tests were performed to evaluate the effect of the kinematic force of the ground due to slope failure during earthquake on the behavior of a pile-supported wharf structure. Experimental results indicate that the slope failure in the inclined-ground model caused the deck plate acceleration and pile moment to be up to 24% and 31% respectively greater than those in the horizontal-ground model due to the kinematic force of the ground.
Quadrature entanglement in the microwave domain with a phase locking protocol
Authors: Wei Tianli , Wu Dewei , Miao Qiang , Yang Chunyan
Published: November 2021

Entanglement has attracted great attention in the past few decades due to its potential applications in the field of quantum information protocols. From now, achieving excellent phase locking in entanglement generation is significant yet a challenging task in cryogenic quantum technology. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a comprehensive paradigm of phase locking protocol for quadrature entanglement at the microwave wavelengths. We carry out a theoretical derivation of the quadrature entangled microwaves generated based on Josephson parametric amplifiers (JPAs), and the phase locking error signal, which is used to lock the relative phase of zero between the two quadrature squeezed microwaves. Simulating data for the phase locking scheme are shown under different parameter settings for comparison. Finally, we use the proposed phase locking scheme to enable a stable output of quadrature entangled microwave.
From Depreciation to Exhaustible Resources
Authors: Missemer Antoine , Gaspard Marion , Ferreira da Cunha Roberto P.
Published: November 2021

Harold Hotelling’s 1931 article on the economics of exhaustible resources is considered groundbreaking in the history of nonrenewable resource analysis. Hotelling’s innovation has been characterized by comparing his work with other contributions dealing with conservation issues. It has also been connected to his earlier work on depreciation, published in 1925, for using the same kind of mathematical formalism. This article further explores this second research direction on the basis of new archival materials, showing that Hotelling conceived his contributions on resources and depreciation as closely and substantially intertwined. It also suggests that Hotelling’s interest in exhaustible resources came from his earlier readings in accounting. These results shed new light on Hotelling’s early economic research, on our common understanding of his 1931 contribution, and on the origins of the connection between nature and capital in the history of environmental economics.
Family Policy Awareness and Marital Intentions: A National Survey Experimental Study
Authors: Gong Shun , Wang Senhu
Published: November 2021

Despite extensively examining the effects of family policies on marriage and fertility rates, previous research has paid little attention to the process of policy implementation and has implicitly assumed that individuals are fully aware of the policy information when making marital and fertility decisions. Challenging this assumption, we theorize policy awareness as an important mechanism for understanding the potential influence of family policies on individuals' marital intentions, an understudied yet crucial determinant of family formation behavior. In an experiment using a national survey of young unmarried individuals in Japan, respondents were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. The treatment group was informed about 17 Japanese family policy benefits, but most of the respondents knew none or only a few of these benefits. After exposure to the policy information, the treatment group had significantly higher marital intentions than the control group, which had similar baseline characteristics but no information exposure. Crucially, such positive effects were particularly pronounced among high-educated women and high- and low-educated men, reflecting the differentiated effects of policy awareness under Japan's traditional gender role norms. Overall, these findings highlight the pivotal role of policy awareness during the family formation process and contribute to the debate over whether and how family policies may influence different subpopulations.
Where We Produce One, We Produce All
Authors: Packer Joseph , Stoneman Ethan
Published: November 2021

Hillary Clinton and Katy Perry drink the blood of murdered children to live forever, Barack Obama and Tom Hanks participate in the sex trafficking and molestation of children, and a cabal of Satan worshippers control global events from behind the scenes. This is the central, animating idea behind QAnon, a right-wing populist conspiracy theory that has achieved a level of saturation in American and global politics (in)commensurate with its peculiarity. Although part of the reason for QAnon's enormous success must reside in widespread conditions of political distrust and epistemological uncertainty, another part consists in its exploitation of a technologically enabled mode of rhetorical hermeneutics. This article focuses on the latter, arguing that there exists a tendency among QAnon followers to read and write esoterically, primarily in relation to President Trump, and to do so via the amateur “produsage” made possible by a serpentine pipeline of digital-cultural interactivity and networked internet platforms. This is not to say, of course, that any QAnon participant is versed in the history of esoteric writing, only that QAnon as a discourse appears to rely heavily on a communicative strategy of encoding and decoding that bears strong resemblance to an esoteric hermeneutic, but one played out across social media.
“To Believe in an Image (Again)”
Authors: Cribb Corey P.
Published: November 2021

In screen studies and photography studies, the name of the acclaimed film theorist and critic André Bazin is frequently invoked by scholars seeking to defend the import of analogue media on ontological grounds by citing photography's privileged connection to the real. This article seeks to unsettle Bazin's reputation as the patron saint of analogue recording by exploring the ontological implications of the concept of sense in Bazin's writings on neorealism. Placing Bazin's writings into dialogue with a selection of critiques that find the digital image to be lacking in historicity, negativity, and presence, and flag its potentially authoritarian impulses, this essay seeks to reframe Bazin's ontological project as a question of cinema's sense (rather than its essence) to mobilize a different set of conclusions that may in fact prove to restore faith in the digital image and its rapport with the real. By maintaining that what is often treated as a purely technological problem also harbors aesthetics implications, this article confronts the manifest skepticism that has pervaded the discourse around the digital since the 1990s, seeking an alternative outlook in Jean-Luc Nancy's work on sense, an ontological concept that evidences the political potentials (or potential politics) of Bazin's predilection for images, which are said to ameliorate our love for reality by transmitting the excessive sense of the world in its ambiguity, creativity, and unpredictability.
Correlations between components of the immune system
Authors: Shabat Yehudit , Ilan Yaron
Published: November 2021

Background: No evidence of the possibility to alter a constituent of the immune system without directly affecting one of its associated components has been shown yet.

Methods: A schematic model was developed in which two triggers, fasting and splenectomy, were studied for their ability to affect the expression of cell membrane epitopes and the cytokine secretion of out-of-body autogeneic and syngeneic lymphocytes.

Results: Fasting decreased expression of CD8 and CD25 and increased TNFα levels. The effect of splenectomy as a trigger was investigated in non-fasting mice by comparing splenectomized and non-splenectomized mice. An increase in the CD8 expression and in TNFα, IFNg, and IL10 secretion was noted. The effect of splenectomy as a trigger was investigated in fasting mice by comparing splenectomized and non-splenectomized mice. Splenectomy had a significant effect on expression of CD25 and CD4 CD25 and on secretion of TNFα, IFNg, and IL10. To determine the effect of keeping the cells in an out-of-body location on the expression of lymphocyte epitopes, tubes kept on top of the cages of the fasting mice were compared with tubes kept on top of empty cages. A significant change in the CD8 expression was noted. To determine the effect of keeping cells in an out-of-body location on cytokine secretion, tubes kept on top of cages were tested for cytokine levels. A significant decrease was noted for the secretion of TNFα and IFNg.

Conclusions: The data obtained from this study characterized a system for induction of correlations between two components of the immune system without a transfer of mediators. The study showed that a mouse could affect cells at a distance and alter the expression of surface markers and cytokine secretion following two types of triggers: fasting and/or splenectomy. Thus, an out-of-body correlation can be induced between two components of the immune system.
Production strategy of the enterprise
Authors: Grigoryan Ekaterina
Published: November 2021

The features of the production strategy, its components, methods of production organization, production analysis, planning and production management at an industrial enterprise are disclosed. Each chapter of the textbook is supported by control questions, situational and test tasks.
Meets the requirements of the Federal State educational Standard of higher education of the latest generation and the current bachelor's degree program in the direction 38.03.02 "Management" (profile "Production Management").
It can be useful and interesting to students, undergraduates, graduate students, teachers, practitioners.
Theory of quantum chemistry
Authors: Kostyukov Viktor
Published: November 2021

The textbook summarizes the basic theories of quantum chemistry. A comparative analysis of the computational efficiency of computational algorithms implementing these theories from the point of view of the ratio "accuracy — resource intensity" is performed. Considerable attention is paid to the problem of accounting for electronic correlation, as well as relativistic quantum chemical effects.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for undergraduate students of higher educational institutions; it can be used by graduate students studying materials science, structural, organic and physical chemistry, molecular biology and biophysics, biotechnology.
Microbiological bases of natural milk starter culture
Authors: Sidorenko Oleg
Published: November 2021

For the first time, the educational and methodological manual summarizes knowledge about the peculiarities of the ecology of lactobacilli of natural starter cultures of different geographical zones of Russia. Geographical races of lactobacilli and yeast of dairy national products can be a source of new, more resistant to extreme factors (including medicinal preparations) enzymes that will be in demand in biotechnology, medicine.
Gives fundamentally important predictions that can be experimentally verified. The prospect of treating the microbiome of the digestive organs is shown — eliminating therapy with bacteriophages, lactotherapy instead of chemotherapy.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for the preparation of students of biological specialties, agricultural technologists, as well as bachelors in the profiles "Technology of production, storage and processing of animal products" and "Natural starter cultures" in the directions: 35.03.07 "Technology of production and processing of agricultural products", 19.03.03 and 19.04.03 "Food of animal origin".
The Sacred in the Mundane: A Confessional Reading of International relations
Authors: Ternovaya Lyudmila
Published: November 2021

In the monograph, certain areas of international communication are presented through the spectrum of the influence of various manifestations of religion on them: from religious features of the worldview to stable behaviors of participants in international relations, which are dictated by their religious attitudes. Many processes of international life under the influence of the confessional factor can acquire opposite characteristics, in particular, develop in the spirit of harmony, understanding and cooperation, or, conversely, demonstrate tension that develops into a large-scale conflict. In order to maintain a stable state of international relations, it is necessary to listen sensitively to the wisdom that was laid down in ancient sacred texts and preserved in many manifestations of human relations to nature, in culture and public institutions of charity and charity that help bring the sacred closer to the mundane.
It is addressed to specialists in the field of history, geopolitics, cultural studies, religious studies. It may be of interest to a wide range of readers who are attracted by stories linking different spaces and times.
The first level of St. Bonaventure’s transcendent Aesthetics: Contemplating God as the pure, primary Being
Authors: Salvador-Gonzalez José María
Published: November 2021

St. Bonaventure asserts that man can ascend contemplatively to God through three phases. The first one is to contemplate God outside us by appreciating the corporeal things as vestiges of the deity: this is the “immanent” phase of Bonaventure’s Aesthetics, framed by the first and second stages of contemplation of God. The second phase consists of entering into our soul, as a spiritual image of God: this intermediate phase, in which we can contemplate God inside ourselves by his image in our soul, constitutes the Seraphic’s “introspective” Aesthetics, with the third and fourth stages of contemplation of God. In the third phase, man, transcending the vestiges in objects and the image of the deity in his soul, elevates himself to God, contemplating him as the spiritual and eternal First Principle: that third phase constitutes the Bonaventure’s “transcendent” Aesthetics, in which man can contemplate God considering his essential attributes (fifth stage) and his personal properties (sixth stage). The current article aims to highlight this fifth stage of Bonaventure’s Aesthetics. To achieve this goal, we analyze step by step the reasoning that, to prove his thesis, our author exposes in Chapter 5 of his Itinerarium mentis in Deum.
Russian-Israeli Relations during the Reign of Prime Minister Netanyahu: Abrasive Friendship or Realpolitik?
Authors: Bielicki Paweł
Published: November 2021

The subject of my interest is to present the most important determinants of relations between the Russian Federation and Israel. The main purpose of this paper is to describe the current state of affairs in mutual contacts and their importance for international security. In addition, it will be important to try to answer the question of whether Russia will continue to play an important role as an economic and political partner of Israel in the near future, in the face of the gradual containment of the Syrian conflict.

At the beginning, I intend to refer to the history of relations of both countries, dating back to the time of the existence of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the breaking of diplomatic relations after the Six-Day War in June 1967. In the following part of the discussion, I present the relations of both entities immediately after the collapse of the Soviet empire and coming to power of Vladimir Putin, who from the beginning of his term in office has sought to significantly improve contacts with Israel. Then, I raise the problem of Moscow-Tel Aviv contacts after Benjamin Netanyahu took over as prime minister again and after the Arab Spring, which implied the conflict in Syria, during which Russia and Israel established cooperation. It will also be important to trace the attitude of the authorities in Tel Aviv to the annexation of Crimea and the war in eastern Ukraine. I would also like to refer to the relationship of both entities on the historical and cultural level, as well as on the economic and military level.

In the summary, I highlight future perspectives and try to determine whether the current relations of both countries will intensify in the face of the end of war in Syria, and whether we can observe a close alliance of both countries now and in the future, or a limited partnership, determined by the need to implement real policy in the world.
Influence of experimental metabolic syndrome on bioimpedance spectroscopy indicators of rat body
Authors: Ivanenko T. , Hrekova T. , Abramova T. , Shiryaeva A. , Vasilenko G.
Published: November 2021

The objective of this experiment was to establish sex-related differences in the parameters of bioimpedance spectroscopy of the Wistar rat’s bodies in the experimental metabolic syndrome (endocrine-salt model).

Sexual dependencies of bioimpedance measurements in intact animals have been determined for the first time: males have higher amount of total fluid, but lower one of total fat. The intra/extracellular fluid balance in males is characterized with ratio  2:1, while in females is the other one - 1:1.

For the first time the formation of the metabolic syndrome has already been determined on the seventh day in females which lead to decreasing in the percentage of total fat and to changing  of the intra / extracellular fluid balance to ‘male’ type -  2:1. The last one should be considered as a sign of intracellular hyperhydration. In males the examined parameters have been being within the control values ​​throughout 21 days of experiment.
Relationship between NT-proBNP and the ejection fraction during intensive care variety in polytrauma patients with concomitant cardiac disorder
Authors: Lutska Svitlana , Volkova Yulia , Mykhnevych Kostiantyn
Published: November 2021

The aim. To research the impact of chronic heart failure within different origin in case of polytrauma without myocardial injury.

Materials and methods. The study the analyzed results of intensive care in 95 patients with polytrauma between the ages of 25 and 83. All patients were divided into 3 groups. Group C included 29 patients without chronic heart failure (CHF), groups C - 33 patients with CHF, the presence which was confirmed by the level of NT-proBNP more than 100 pg/ml, group E - 33 patients with CHF. Patients of groups K and C received standard intensive care, patients of group E additionally received ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (EMGPS). The study was carried out at three stages: during admission to the hospital, at the 3rd and 7th day. During admission, the level of Th I was determined in order to exclude traumatic or other acute myocardial lesions. At a concentration of Tn I more than 0.3 ng/ml, patients were not included in the study.

Results. During admission, NT-proBNP level in all K-group patients did not exceed 87 pg/ml throughout the study. The ejection fraction (EF) was averaged 53,7±3,4%. The NT-proBNP dynamics were as followed by 116.4±7.0, 114.4±7.4, 109.1±8.5 pg/ml. The NT-proBNP and EF correlation coefficient was according to the stages -0.84±0.06, -0.74±0.08, -0.68±0.09. The value of the EF at hospitalization in group C was 47.9±4.7%, on the 3rd day 52.2±5.2% (p < 0.001), and by 7th - until 56.8±6.9% (p < 0.001). NT-proBNP level in E patients: 119.2±10.8, 113.2±8.1 (p= 0.02), 65.2±23.3 (p < 0.0001). At stage 1 and 2, a strong negative correlation effect was observed (-0.78±0.07 and -0.77±0.07, accordingly), at the 3 stage the communication disappeared (0.07±0.17). Within admission EF level was 47.5±6.9 %.

Conclusions. The level of NT-proBNP authentically reflects the relationship with chronic heart failure. There is also a strong correlation between NT-proBNP and EF. Therefore, it is clear from the study that NT-proBNP has not undergone changes in group K (87 pg/ml), in contrast to patients of groups C (116.4±7.0,114.4±7.4, 109.1±8.5 pg/ml) and E (119.2±10.8, 113.2±8.1 (p =0.02), 65.2±23.3 (p < 0.0001) who had concomitant disorder such as chronic heart failure.
Funkcjonalne obrazowanie metodą rezonansu magnetycznego a tzw. dylemat wagonika
Authors: Sytnik-Czetwertyński Janusz
Published: November 2021

Za kamień milowy w psychologicznym studium nad moralnością uznaje się badania Lawrence’a Kohlberga z roku 1963. Miały one dowieść, że decyzje podejmowane w kontekście dylematów moralnych są rezultatem procesów kognitywnych, zachodzących nawet przy braku jakichkolwiek emocji. Z poglądem tym polemizowały wyniki badań w obszarze psychologii ewolucyjnej, sugerujące ścisły związek między emocjami a moralnością. Konsekwencją przyjęcia takiego założenia jest nowa metoda badania relacji między biologią a moralnością, tj. badanie aktywności poszczególnych obszarów mózgu w momencie rozstrzygania dylematu moralnego. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi przegląd wybranych badań metodą funkcjonalnego obrazowania metodą rezonansu magnetycznego w kontekście podejmowania wyborów moralnych.
Cardiotoxic effect of bleomycin with a single administration in the experiment
Authors: Bestanchuk E. , Gozhenko A. , Kashchenko O. , Narbutova T. , Berezovskyi O. , Zаkharova V.
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a single injection of bleomycin on the heart

Material and methods. The study was conducted in the Research Institute of Transport Medicine during 2016-2021. The experimental model of the cardiotoxic effect of the bleomycin was performed using the medication "Bleocin" manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. (Japan). According to the task, the study was performed on 10 mature rats of both sexes of the Wistar line with a body weight of 237 ± 20 g.

Rats were housed in standard vivarium conditions of Odessa National Medical University. Animals were divided into 2 groups: experimental group (n = 5) and control (n = 5). Bleomycin animals of the experimental group were obtained intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.5 IU / kg once. Withdrawal of animals from the experiment was performed on the 5th day of the experiment, followed by morphological and morphometric examination.

Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed by methods of variance, correlation and regression analysis using Statistica 14.0 software (TIBCO, USA)

Results. Single administration os bleomycin causes changes in macroscopic parameters (myocardial weight, visual changes) are minimal. The main changes at the microscopic level are represented by contractural degeneration with segmental and / or partial-lateral lysis, ie there is not total but partial myocardial damage.

Conclusion. A single injection of bleomycin can cause inflammatory-dystrophic changes of the myocardium.
Parent-child relations in families that bring up down syndrome children
Authors: Suhonos O.
Published: November 2021

Down syndrome children need special attention. As long as the illness is often accompanied by mental disorders, there should be an individual approach to child in upbringing and education. This compels parents to adjust their rhythm of life in accordance with child's needs. Difficulties in raising a child with special needs can lead to a deterioration in the attitude of parents towards the child. This comes out in the behavior of parents and leaves an imprint on the psychological state of the child, his character and subsequent life. Materials and methods: 97 Down syndrome children were examined. All patients met the inclusion criteria. The patients' parents gave informed consent to the participation in the study. Down syndrome in children has been genetically verified. Patients were divided into two groups according to the criterion of ability to verbal communication: group 1 (G1) included 77 children capable of verbal communication, group 2 (G2) – 20 children who did not speak. Individualization in the most of both groups respondents was at an average level, which indicated sufficient parents’ acceptance of the individual characteristics of the child, sufficient attention to his interests, satisfaction with the time spent together. Cooperation did not show statistically significant differences in G1 and G2. The average score on this indicator did not differ in both groups (6.87±1.13 for G1, 6.75±1.10 for G2). Statistically significant difference between G1 and G2 was found in symbiosis (4.25±1.43 points against 5.10±1.55 points, respectively). Authoritarianism in G1 was 3.27±1.26 points, in G2 – 4.05±1.60 points, which corresponds to the average level of severity and means achieving a balance between giving the child freedom of action and the establishment of restrictions. Disability in G1 and G2 was 2.43±1.40 and 2.90±1.77, respectively, which corresponds to a low level of its severity: parents of Down syndrome children are generally not inclined to increase the defects of their children, regardless of their language skills.
The relationship between quality of life in sarcopenia and skeletal muscle index in patients with advanced lung cancer
Authors: Kechedzhyiev V.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Today the relevance of sarcopenia is increasing in various types of malignant neoplasms.This syndrome is most common in patients with advanced forms of cancer and can adversely affect survival, treatment outcomes, and functional status. The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with lung cancer is higher than in other types of malignant tumors. To understand the relationship between sarcopenia and quality of life is especially important for patients with advanced cancer. Aim. To assess the relationship between skeletal muscle index (SMI) and quality of life in sarcopenia in patients with advanced lung cancer. Materials and methods. A prospective analysis was carried out of 28 patients with advanced lung cancer who have applied to the “ONCOLIFE” Medical Center since the beginning of 2021. All patients had sarcopenia on CT scan. Skeletal muscle cross-sectional area analyzed using software ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). To determine the quality of life in sarcopenia a questionnaire SarQoL was used. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between quality of life and SMI. Results. Pearson's correlation analysis showed a statistically significant positive correlation between quality of life and SMI (r = 0,451, р = 0,016, N=28). Body mass index (BMI) positively correlated with quality of life (r = 0,398, р = 0,036, N=28), and age negatively correlated with SMI (r = -0,391, р = 0,040, N=28). There was no statistically significant correlation between indicators such as BMI and SMI, as well as age and quality of life. Conclusions. Quality of life in sarcopenia statistically significantly correlates with SMI in patients with metastatic lung cancer. Early diagnosis of sarcopenia is essential for timely prescription of treatment aimed at maintaining and better muscle mass, which can improve cancer patients quality of life.
Rosyjski korpus posiłkowy (auksyliarny) na służbie Augusta II w Rzeczypospolitej i Saksonii. Nowe spojrzenie na sasko-polsko-rosyjską współpracę polityczno-militarną w czasie wielkiej wojny północnej
Authors: Wołoszyn Adam
Published: November 2021

Polityczno-militarna współpraca sasko-polsko-rosyjska od początku wielkiej wojny północnej (1700–1721) nie układała się po myśli Augusta II, który ponosił klęski w starciach z wojskami Karola XII i po przegranej Piotra I pod Narwą w 1700 roku wziął na siebie główny ciężar wojny. Próbą wspomożenia armii saskiej Augusta II przez cara, któryobawiał się zawarcia przez władcę sasko-polskiego separatystycznego pokoju z królem szwedzkim, i chciał także zaangażowania w konflikt Rzeczypospolitej, było organizowanierosyjskiego korpusu posiłkowego (auksyliarnego), który z perspektywy czasu okazał się zabiegiempolitycznym, a w mniejszym stopniu wojskowym. W zaprezentowanym artykulerecenzyjnym problem ten został rozważony poprzez analizę najnowszej pracy WładimiraSiergiejewicza Welikanowa, który wykorzystując rosyjskie materiały archiwalne, dokonałcharakterystyki korpusu i jego działań, poruszając tym samym dotąd słabo opracowanąproblematykę zarówno w historiografii rosyjskiej, jak i polskiej. Stanowi ona tym samympunkt wyjścia do dalszych badań zarówno dla historyków rosyjskich, jak i polskich.
Podwójnie nieudane opracowanie (D. K. Markowski, Dwa powstania. Bitwa o Lwów 1918, Wydawnictwo Literackie, Warszawa 2019, ss. 484)
Authors: Kozubel Marek Bogdan
Published: November 2021

Kontrowersyjne relacje Polaków i Ukraińców w XX wieku doczekały się wielu interesujących oraz wartościowych opracowań. Część polskich historyków poświęca swe badania zagadnieniu wojny polsko-ukraińskiej z lat 1918-1919. Jej najsłynniejszym epizodem były walki o Lwów w listopadzie 1918 roku. Do grona badaczy wspomnianego tematu dołączył Damian Karol Markowski, autor monografii dotyczących losów Kresów Wschodnich podczas II wojny światowej i pierwszych lat powojennych. Celem recenzji jest ocena jego nowego opracowania poświęconego listopadowym walkom o Lwów.
Comments killed the k-pop star. Mord społeczny na Choi Jin Ri jako studium przypadku współczesnej paniki moralnej
Authors: Kilanowska Joanna
Published: November 2021

Nieakceptowalne społecznie zachowanie Choi Jin Ri (piosenkarki występującej pod pseudonimem Sulli) doprowadziło do wybuchu paniki moralnej wśród netizenów Korei Południowej. Artystka zyskała zaciekłych anty-fanów, łamiąc niepisany etos obowiązujący w koreańskim przemyśle kulturowym, regulujący zachowanie idoli oraz relacje pomiędzy idolami a fanami. Konserwatywne społeczeństwo nie mogło zaakceptować głoszonych przez Choi Jin Ri feministycznych postulatów, bliskich związków z innymi idolkami czy seksualnych podtekstów w udostępnianych przez nią treściach. W niniejszym artykule przedstawione zostało studium przypadku internetowego i medialnego hejtu, polegającego na tym, że internauci za pomocą reakcji i komentarzy dotyczących sfery prywatnej wpływali na odbiór pracy zawodowej oraz zdrowie psychiczne artystki, co doprowadziło do jej samobójstwa w 2019 r. Artykuł problematyzuje pełne nienawiści treści poprzez analizę elementów współczesnego krajobrazu medialnego oraz mechanizmów paniki moralnej jako zjawiska stymulowanego przez strukturę współczesnych mediów.
Fan jako marka. O użyteczności fana dla przemysłu kulturowego
Authors: Kobus Aldona
Published: November 2021

Recenzja: Anastasia Salter, Mel Stanfill, A Portrait of the Auteur as Fanboy. The Construction of Authorship in Transmedia Franchises, University Press of Mississippi, Jackson 2020.
Zjednoczenie z Bogiem w życiu moralnym przez Eucharystię
Authors: Kalniuk Jan
Published: November 2021

Życie religijne i moralne chrześcijanina koncentruje się przede wszystkim na Bogu. W świetle Objawienia chrześcijańskiego Jezus Chrystus jest kulminacyjnym punktem zwrócenia się Boga do człowieka, a tym samym człowieka do Boga. Chrześcijanin przyjmujący z wiarą Objawienie wie, że do Boga idzie się tylko przez Chrystusa. Życie moralne jawi się zatem jako naśladowanie życia Chrystusa i udziału w jego życiu. Bycie uczniem Chrystusa i podążanie za Nim jest spełnieniem tego, co wyraża głębokie zjednoczenie z Chrystusem. Bóg objawia się człowiekowi przez swoje Słowo. Słowo Boże nadaje sens życiu ludzkiemu, wskazuje drogę i umożliwia życie w zjednoczeniu z Nim, ma nie tylko moc formacyjną, ale i uświęcającą. W swoim Słowie Bóg w pierwszej kolejności wzywa człowieka do zjednoczenia z samym sobą, obdarza go różnymi darami i powołuje do wykonania określonych zadań.Analizując temat zjednoczenia, nie sposób nie zatrzymać się na Eucharystii jako podstawie życia z Bogiem. Sam Jezus podkreślił niezwykłą rolę Chleba eucharystycznego: „Kto spożywa moje Ciało i Krew moją pije, trwa we Mnie, a ja w Nim” (J 6,56). Chrystus Eucharystyczny przemienia człowieka, upodabniając go do siebie. Chrystus może przemienić człowieka w siebie na tyle, na ile mu człowiek pozwala. Dlatego zadaniem człowieka powinna być nieustanna troska, a niekiedy nawet walka, aby sprawy doczesne, nieuporządkowane życie moralne, nie stanowiły przeszkody na drodze do zjednoczenia z Bogiem.Celem tego artykułu jest próba ukazania zjednoczenia z Bogiem jako łaski i zarazem ludzkiego wysiłku poprzez Eucharystię.
The (In)Elasticity of Moral Ignorance
Authors: Serra-Garcia Marta , Szech Nora
Published: November 2021

Ignorance enables individuals to act immorally. This is well known in policy circles, in which there is keen interest in lowering moral ignorance. In this paper, we study how the demand for moral ignorance responds to monetary incentives and how the demand curve for ignorance reacts to social norm messages. We propose a simple behavioral model in which individuals suffer moral costs when behaving selfishly in the face of moral information. In several experiments, we find that moral ignorance decreases by more than 30 percentage points with small monetary incentives, but we find no significant change with social norm messages, and we document strong persistence of ignorance across moral contexts. Our findings indicate that rather simple messaging interventions may have limited effects on ignorance. In contrast, changes in incentives could be highly effective.

This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis.
Diversifikasi Produk Olahan Rumput Laut serta Kemasannya di Kawasan Dolly dan Jarak Kota Surabaya
Authors: Rosyidah Afifah , Ediati Ratna , Murwani Irmina Kris
Published: November 2021

Usaha terus menerus untuk merubah citra kawasan Dolly dan Jarak sebagai ekslokalisasi yang dulunya sangat terkenal dan terbesar se-Asia Tenggara di Kelurahan Putat Jaya,Kecamatan Sawahan,Kota Surabaya, harus benar-benar ditekuni dan ditelateni supaya Sentra UKM serta Pengelolaan Lingkungan dan Kawasan menuju alih citra kawasanWisata Edukasi berbasis industri kreatif; bisa terwujud dengan sempurna dan memuaskan. Pada kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat berbasis Produk kali ini, pengabdi berupaya untukmelakukan diversifikasi produk olahan rumput laut yang praktis, sehat dan higienis. Pemberdayaan terhadap warga juga terus-menerus dilakukan dengan harapan bisa lebih maju dan tak kembali lagi kepada bisnis haram.
Aneka Olahan Bandeng dan Pemanfaatan Teknologi untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing UMKM di Kelurahan Keputih
Authors: Rosyidah Afifah , Ediati Ratna , Murwani Irmina Kris
Published: November 2021

Tambak yang ada di Kelurahan Keputih Kecamatan Sukolilo Wilayah Surabaya Timur mencapai luas 1,278 ha. Kelurahan Keputih merupakan salah satu tempat dari 7 kelurahan yang masuk dalam kawasan konservasi. Area ini merupakan daerah tambak yang mempunyai peluang besar untuk dikembangkan menjadi kawasan produk bandeng organik. Hasil tambak Kelurahan Keputih tersebut sangat besar manfaatnya bagi masyarakat sekitar sebagai lahan penghasilan dan sekaligus sumber gizi yang sangat baik. Selama ini, sebagian besar petambak langsung menjual hasil tangkapannya ke pasar dan pengepul di sekitarnya. Melalui kegiataan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat berbasis Produk ini, dilakukan upaya peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat melalui diversifikasi produk olahan tambak selain bandeng presto maupun bandeng asap. Teknologi pengolahan yang dimaksud adalah pengolahan bandeng yang ditingkatkan kualitas simpannya serta pengolahannya. Pada kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat berbasis Produk ini dilakukan pelatihan aneka olahan bandeng, juga ditularkan ilmu tentang manfaat bandeng, kandungan gizi serta cara pengolahan bandeng yang sehat dan higienis. Pengabdi berusaha berkontribusi melalui sektor usaha Pengembangan dan Peningkatan Kualitas Aneka Olahan Bandeng: Upaya Peningkatan Daya Saing Lokal Melalui Penguatan UMKM Di Kelurahan Keputih.
Penentuan Daya Dukung dan Daya Tampung Pengembangan Kawasan Eduwisata Herbal Desa Oro-Oro Ombo, Kota Batu
Authors: Idajati Hertiari , Umilia Ema , Cahya Ferry Dwi
Published: November 2021

Dalam perencanaan kawasan eduwisata, daya dukung dan daya tampung kawasan merupakan hal yang sangat penting untuk diketahui, agar nantinya output rencana bisa sesuai dengan kondisi eksisting wilayah perencanaan potensi dan masalah yang nantinya dapat memberikan rumusan konsep pariwisata berdasarkan kemampuan lahan di areal lahan Desa Oro-Oro Ombo. Desa ini sendiri memiliki potensi yang besar terkait dengan pengembangan kawasan pertanian, kehutanan, dan peternakan. Sehingga, sangat cocok untuk pengembangan kawasan eduwisata herbal. Dalam penyusunan daya dukung lahan untuk pembangunan kawasan eduwisata herbal perlu berbagai proses perencanaan yang turut dipertimbangkan. Dari luaran proses-proses tersebut bertujuan untuk dapat melakukan pengembangan Kawasan yang tetap memperhatikan daya dukung dan daya tampung lingkungannya dan tentunya juga memiliki kesesuaian lahan yang tepat guna. Hasil dari proses-proses tersebut berupa peta daya dukung dan daya tampung lahan (Satuan Kemampuan Lahan dan Analisis Kemampuan Lahan), serta kesesuaian lahan pertanian dan pariwisata
Optimising the care and quality of life of people with cystic fibrosis: the influence of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators
Authors: Shaw Nicola , Collins Sarah , Smith Thomas , McCulloch Anna , Ketchell Ian , Edwards Viv , Blaikie Lesley , Daniels Tracey
Published: November 2021

Cystic fibrosis is a life-limiting, inherited, multi-organ disease which affects many systems of the body. Until recently, treatments were only able to ameliorate symptoms, but the introduction of precision medications which modulate the underlying defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene has changed this. Notably improvements in nutrition and lung function, reduced use of antibiotics and reduced occupation rates for hospital beds have been seen. This article summarises the discussion of a group of healthcare professionals from different specialties and an expert patient, representing their personal views and experience of treating patients who are using CFTR modulators.

The discussion was sponsored by an unrestricted grant from Chiesi Limited (Manchester, UK).
Generation of Realistic Navigation Paths for Web Site Testing Using RNN and GAN
Authors: Pavanetto Silvio , Brambilla Marco
Published: November 2021

For applications that have not yet been launched, a reliable way for creating online navigation logs may be crucial, enabling developers to test their products as though they were being used by real users. This might lead to faster and lower-cost program testing and enhancement, especially in terms of usability and interaction. In this work we propose a method for using deep learning approaches such as recurrent neural networks (RNN) and generative adversarial neural networks (GANN) to produce high-quality weblogs. Eventually, we can utilize the created data for automated testing and improvement of Web sites prior to their release with the aid of model-driven development tools such as IFML Editor.