bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PP22 Delivery of public health interventions by the ambulance sector
Authors: Ablard Suzanne , Cantrell Anna , Poulton Steven , Miller Elisha , Booth Andrew , Lee Andrew , Mason Suzanne , Bell Fiona
Published: August 2022

Background

With millions of unscheduled patient contacts every year and increasing call outs clustered around the most deprived communities, it is clear the ambulance sector could have a role to play in improving population health. However, the application and value of a public health approach within the ambulance sector has not been comprehensively explored.

A rapid review was undertaken to explore the role of the ambulance sector in the delivery of public health interventions and what impact this has on population health and ambulance sector outcomes.

Methods

A search strategy was developed to identify published and peer reviewed literature published since 2000 in OECD countries. Targeted grey literature, reference list, and citation searching was also carried out.

Search results were downloaded to Microsoft Excel and screened by three reviewers according to pre-determined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data from included studies was extracted using a data extraction form and narratively synthesized.

Results

2,399 records were identified, with 49 references included in the final review.

Types of public health activity the ambulance sector is involved in were: public health education and advice; emergency medical services providing vaccines; paramedicine; screening tools and referral pathways; and health intelligence using ambulance sector data.

Conclusion

Evaluations of public health interventions included in the review focused on demand management outcomes (e.g. ambulance call–outs) rather than longer term public health outcomes. Future evaluations need to include data from multiple health sectors (e.g. social services, primary care) to assess the impact of the initiative both by and beyond the ambulance sector

The ambulance sector should make every clinical contact count, maximising opportunities for public health intervention, prevention, and education. However, this is contingent on the skills and willingness of the workforce to do so, and sufficient time within the role given significant system and operational pressures in the sector
PP43 Line manager knowledge and concerns when managing female staff during the menopause transition in one UK ambulance service
Authors: Foster Theresa , Prothero Larissa , Mochrie Tessa
Published: August 2022

Background

Menopausal symptoms can have a significant effect on workplace attendance and performance, yet limited evidence regarding the impact of menopause transition in the emergency services exists.

Previous service evaluation activity in one UK ambulance Trust identified scope for improving staff health and wellbeing during the menopause transition and led to development of national research currently underway. One of the research aims was to understand line manager knowledge and concerns when managing female staff during the menopause transition.

Methods

Following self-consent, a purpose-designed, online, anonymous, 17-question survey, was developed to understand line manager demographics (age, gender, time in managerial role, number of staff managed, function within Trust), access to menopause transition training and policy, whether they felt comfortable talking about the menopause and managing staff in menopause transition, views about the key work issues and key health concerns of menopausal female staff, and their own key concerns when managing such staff across all functions of one UK ambulance service.

The research also sought to explore recommendations for service improvements that could better support managers with staff experiencing the menopause. This research commenced in December 2021 with the survey due to close after 30 days. The responses are due to be analysed using quantitative (descriptive) and qualitative (thematic) approaches.

Results

This research is in progress but not complete. However, quantitative data analysis will be completed by end of January 2022, including a description of respondent characteristics, and respective knowledge, concerns, and issues. High-level qualitative themes are anticipated to be extracted by end of February 2022 in time for presentation at the conference.

Conclusions

The findings of this novel research will provide insight to the impact of the menopause transition on those in a line manager role within the prehospital ambulance setting and identify initiatives for further research or service development activity.
06 Cardiovascular disease on the frontline: 999 staff at risk?
Authors: Passmore Rin , Jordan Rachel
Published: August 2022

Background

There is mounting global evidence that Emergency Medical Service (EMS) staff are at significant risk of poor health outcomes due to the complex interaction between occupational risk factors and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. Shift workers are known to have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and are more likely to have a cardiovascular event. Specifically, EMS staff are prone to hypertension, dyslipidemia and being overweight or obese. UK ambulance trusts do not routinely monitor the physical health of their staff and there is no UK data to quantify the cardiovascular risk to staff. This study aims to measure cardiovascular risk in UK EMS staff and to explore any association between cardiovascular risk and occupational risk factors specific to this unique workforce.

Methods

This will be a cross-sectional study using frontline staff from a UK ambulance trust. A sample of 400 participants will be recruited to have their 10yr cardiovascular disease risk calculated using a validated tool (QRISK2) using clinical history, BMI and biochemistry. In addition, participants’ occupational risk factors such as role, shift type and length of service, as well as their independent cardiovascular risk factors such as physical activity and dietary intake will be captured. Data from participants who have had a cardiovascular event(s) will also be measured.

Results

QRISK2 score will be analysed as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes include incidence of self-reported cardiovascular events, individual cardiovascular risk factors and the association between cardiovascular and occupational risk factors. Participants will receive feedback on their results should they opt for this.

Conclusions

It is hoped that the results of this study could be used to enable the development of national health initiatives for EMS staff with future recommendations for effective targeted health interventions to promote a healthy workforce.
Establishment and validation of prognostic nomograms integrating histopathological features in patients with endocervical adenocarcinoma
Authors: Luo Rong-Zhen , Yang Xia , Zhang Shi-Wen , Liu Li-Li
Published: August 2022

Aims

To develop and verify pathological models using pathological features basing on HE images to predict survival invasive endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) postoperatively.

Methods

There are 289 ECA patients were classified into training and validation cohort. A histological signature was produced in 191 patients and verified in the validation groups. Histological models combining the histological features were built, proving the incremental value of our model to the traditional staging system for individualised prognosis estimation.

Results

Our model included five chosen histological characteristics and was significantly related to overall survival (OS). Our model had AUC of 0.862 and 0.955, 0.891 and 0.801 in prognosticating 3-year and 5 year OS in the training and validation cohort, respectively. In training cohorts, our model had better performance for evaluation of OS (C-index: 0.832; 95% CI 0.751 to 0.913) than International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system (C-index: 0.648; 95% CI 0.542 to 0.753) and treatment (C-index: 0.687; 95% CI 0.605 to 0.769), with advanced efficiency of the classification of survival outcomes. Furthermore, in both cohorts, a risk stratification system was built that was able to precisely stratify stage I and II ECA patients into high-risk and low-risk subpopulation with significantly different prognosis.

Conclusions

A nomogram with five histological signatures had better performance in OS prediction compared with traditional staging systems in ECAs, which might enable a step forward to precision medicine.
Study of common hypertriglyceridaemia genetic variants and subclinical atherosclerosis in a group of women with SLE and a control group
Authors: Fanlo-Maresma Marta , Esteve-Luque Virginia , Pintó Xavier , Padró-Miquel Ariadna , Corbella Emili , Candás-Estébanez Beatriz
Published: August 2022

Objective

SLE is associated with increased cardiovascular risk (CVR). High serum concentrations of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and apolipoprotein B-rich particles constitute the characteristic dyslipidaemia of SLE.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted to study the relationship between genetic variants involved in polygenic hypertriglyceridaemia, subclinical atherosclerosis and lipoprotein abnormalities. 73 women with SLE and 73 control women age-matched with the case group were recruited (age range 30–75 years). Serum analysis, subclinical atherosclerosis screening studies for the detection of plaque, and genetic analysis of theAPOE,ZPR1,APOA5andGCKRgenes were performed.

Results

Triglyceride concentrations and the prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and carotid atherosclerosis were higher in women with SLE than in the control group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that CC homozygosity for theGCKRrs1260326 gene (OR=0.111, 95% CI 0.015 to 0.804, p=0.030) and an increase of 1 mmol/L in triglyceride concentrations were associated with a greater risk of carotid plaque in women with SLE (OR=7.576, 95% CI 2.415 to 23.767, p=0.001).

Conclusions

GCKRCC homozygosity (rs1260326) and serum triglyceride concentrations are independently associated with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in women with SLE. Subclinical carotid atherosclerosis is also more prevalent in these women compared with the control group. The study ofGCKRrs1260326 gene variants may contribute to more precise assessment of CVR and modulation of the intensity of lipid-lowering treatment in patients with SLE.
Peronospora variabilis is associated with downy mildew of Chenopodium berlandieri in Mexico
Authors: Félix-Gastélum Rubén , Leyva-Madrigal Karla Yeriana , Sánchez-Parra Luis Roberto , Mora-Romero Guadalupe Arlene
Published: August 2022

Peronospora variabilis Gäum. was observed to be consistently associated with downy mildew of pitseed goosefoot ( Chenopodium berlandieri Moq.). Morphological characteristics of the conidiophores, conidia, and oospores of the oomycete corresponded to those of P. variabilis. The morphological identification was complemented by a phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. variabilis on C. berlandieri in Mexico.
Pair-production of the charged IDM scalars at high energy CLIC
Authors: Klamka Jan , Żarnecki Aleksander Filip
Published: August 2022

The Inert Doublet Model (IDM) is a simple extension of the Standard Model, introducing an additional Higgs doublet that brings in four new scalar particles. The lightest of the IDM scalars is stable and is a good candidate for a dark matter particle. The potential of discovering the IDM scalars in the experiment at the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC), an$$e^{+}e^{-}$$e+e-collider proposed as the next generation infrastructure at CERN, has been tested for two high-energy running stages, at 1.5 TeV and 3 TeV centre-of-mass energy. The CLIC sensitivity to pair-production of the charged IDM scalars was studied using the full detector simulation withGeant4for selected high-mass IDM benchmark scenarios and the semi-leptonic final state. To extrapolate full simulation results to a wider range of IDM benchmark scenarios, the CLIC detector model defined in theDelphesfast simulation framework was modified to take into account the$$\gamma \gamma \rightarrow $$γγ→had. beam-induced background. Results of the study indicate that heavy charged IDM scalars can be discovered at CLIC for most of the considered benchmark scenarios, up to masses of the order of 1 TeV.
Virtual neutrino propagation at short baselines
Authors: Naumov Vadim A. , Shkirmanov Dmitry S.
Published: August 2022

Within a covariant perturbative field-theoretical approach, the wave-packet modified neutrino propagator is expressed as an asymptotic expansion in powers of dimensionless Lorentz- and rotation-invariant variables. The expansion is valid at high energies and short but macroscopic space-time distances between the vertices of the proper Feynman macrodiagram. In terms of duality between the propagator and the effective neutrino wave packet, at short times and distances, neutrinos are deeply virtual and move quasi-classically. In the lowest-order approximation, this leads to the classical inverse-square dependence of the modulus squared flavor transition amplitude and related neutrino-induced event rate from distance L between the source and detector, and the above-mentioned asymptotics results in the corrections to the classical behavior represented by powers of $$L^2$$

L
2

. This is very different from the long-baseline regime, where similar corrections are given by an asymptotic expansion in inverse powers of $$L^2$$

L
2

. However, in both short- and long-baseline regimes, the main corrections lead to a decrease in number of neutrino events.
Two-Photon Absorption Effect on Pseudorandom Bit Sequence for High-Speed Operation
Authors: Thapa Sunil , Fan Shunyao , Dutta Niloy K.
Published: August 2022

Study of two-photon absorption (TPA) has been carried out for all-optical logic operation based on quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier (QD-SOA). XOR gate, AND gate and pseudo-random bit sequence (PRBS) were all modeled with the TPA effect on the existing rate equation. Inclusion of TPA induced pumping has increased the output Q-factor (quality). The output result demonstrates that the quality of the output is dependent on the input pulse width and the operation speed. The PRBS system modeled with TPA shows that it can operate at 250 Gb/s and 320 Gb/s and increase in pulse width decrease the Q-factor.
Extension of thermodynamics of the Kerr–Sen black hole under general uncertainty principle along with first-order corrected entropy
Authors: Haldar Amritendu , Biswas Ritabrata , Ghosh Buddhadeb
Published: August 2022

A four-dimensional solution of the classical equation of motion in the low-energy effective field theory for heterotic string theory is chosen. Popularly, this is known as Kerr–Sen black hole. Thermodynamic picture for this particular black hole is constructed. Applying the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), the first-order correction of it in connection with the thermal heat capacity (THC) and due to conformal field theory (CFT) background are studied. All the cases are pointing towards an unstable thermodynamic phase of the concerned black holes. Phase transitions are located by studying where signs of the heat capacity are changing. Unlike the black holes embedded in AdS space, first-order corrected entropy is found to be unphysical. Photons by tunneling rate are calculated. A comparative study of the effect of generalized uncertainty principle parameter [Formula: see text] along with the black holes’ parameters on the thermodynamics of the black hole is presented.
A Novel High-Speed Data Encryption Scheme for Internet of Medical Things Using Modified Elliptic Curve Diffie–Hellman and Advance Encryption Standard
Authors: Prathibha L. , Fatima Kaleem
Published: August 2022

The security of data in an IoT network is of utmost importance. The medical IoT devices need to implement the security protocols in the devices to safeguard the crucial information. This paper proposes a novel high-speed data encryption scheme using elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) for key generation, key length reduction, Diffie–Hellman key exchange, SHA-256 and advance encryption standard (AES). The proposed hybrid data encryption scheme begins with elliptic curve key generation. Each authorized user in the broadcast range generated a private key using ECC. The proposed key reduction algorithm reduces the size of the secret key generated. This key is exchanged efficiently between the broadcast members using Diffie–Hellman key exchange. Each user then generates their final encryption keys. These keys are encoded using SHA-256 algorithm for further security. These keys are then used to encrypt the data using AES algorithm and sent to the cloud. The intended receivers can check the identity of the sender and decrypt the data using their own keys. The proposed method also includes user identity authentication. The origin of the message is verified to authenticate the sender of the message. This implementation is apt for home automation applications where data collected by medical devices like Fitbit and watches need to be shared among multiple users. The proposed method is at par in providing security to the data in much less time. The throughput, key generation time, key length, encryption time, decryption time and memory usage, Avalanche effect are efficient in comparison to existing methods.
An overview of geological carbon sequestration and its geomechanical aspects
Authors: Babarinde Oladipupo , Schwartz Brandon , Meng Jingyao , Kim Seunghee , Segura José M. , Schultz Richard A. , Soroush Hamed
Published: August 2022

Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is widely recognized as an important component of technological approaches to directly address carbon dioxide (CO
2
) emissions. The geological sequestration aspect of CCS requires careful site selection and assessment of processes when planning a CCS project, including coupled fluid flow–thermal–geochemical–geomechanical phenomena. In this paper, we present a high-level overview of carbon capture utilization and sequestration (CCUS): the geological sequestration aspect, global projects/facilities, regulatory framework and financial incentives for CCUS. We review the current research areas in geomechanics (including pore pressure–stress coupling, fault reactivation and caprock integrity) associated with geological CO
2
sequestration and discuss the role of rock physics in monitoring, verification and accounting activities. Finally, we suggest research needs that are critical to facilitating the deployment of CCS and improving geomechanical assessments of CO
2
sequestration sites.
Developing a new innovative methodology to integrate geophysical techniques into characterization of potential CO
2
storage sites: Lopín structure (southern Ebro Basin, Spain)
Authors: Ayala C. , Benjumea B. , Mediato J. F. , García-Crespo J. , Clariana P. , Soto R. , Rubio F. , Rey-Moral C. , Pueyo E. L. , Martín-León J. , García A. G. , Fernández-Canteli P. , Martínez-Orio R.
Published: August 2022

One of the main challenges facing geological storage is to identify cost-effective methodological workflows for characterizing and monitoring geological storage sites. In the framework of the ALGECO2 project, led by the IGME (Geological and Mining Institute, Spain), a preliminary study of the Lopín site in the NE of Spain indicated conditions were promising for geological storage of CO
2
. However, the poor quality of the legacy seismic reflection data precluded thorough characterization. Within the H2020 PilotSTRATEGY project, one of the possible selected target reservoirs was the Lopín structure. In order to characterize its geometry and physical properties as required to properly evaluate its storage potential, IGME applied a new emerging methodology that integrates reinterpreted reflection seismic data with newly acquired and interpreted gravity, passive seismic and petrophysical data. This methodology was successfully applied along one seismic profile. In this paper, we present the results of this integration as the first step towards characterizing the site and evaluating its suitability for storage.
The Evolving Menace of Ransomware: A Comparative Analysis of Pre-pandemic and Mid-pandemic Attacks
Authors: Lang Michael , Connolly Lena , Taylor Paul , Corner Phillip J.
Published: August 2022

Drawing upon direct interviews and secondary sources, this article presents a qualitative comparative analysis of 39 ransomware attacks, 26 of which occurred shortly before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and 13 of which took place during the pandemic. The research objective was to gain an understanding of how ransomware attacks changed tactics across this period. Using inductive content analysis, a number of key themes emerged, namely (1) ransomware attackers have adopted more sinister tactics and now commit multiple crimes to maximise their return; (2) the expanded attack surface caused by employees working from home has greatly aggravated the risk of malicious intrusion; (3) the preferred attack vectors have changed, with phishing and VPN exploits now to the fore; (4) failure to adapt common business processes from off-line to on-line interaction has created vulnerabilities; (5) the ongoing laissez-faire attitude toward cybersecurity and lack of preparedness continues to be a substantial problem; and (6) ransomware attacks now pose potentially severe consequences for individuals, whose personal data has become a central part of the game. Recommendations are proposed to address these issues.
Review—Parametric Study and Various Strategies of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites Fabricated by Friction Sir Processing
Authors: Butola Ravi , Singh Priyansh
Published: August 2022

Nowadays, there is a dynamic shift from traditional technology due to the revolution of Industries. Conventional techniques are hindered and advanced technologies are coming into existence. Friction stir processing is one of the processes spreading its usage across the field. Formation of surface composites with inclusion ceramics is one the greatest advantage that is looked upon in this study. Metal matrixes are far better than alloys as properties which are desired could be easily achieved with varying composition. Aluminium based composites possess higher strength to weight proportion which is highly recommended in the field of aerospace and automobile industry mainly due to its lower density. This study deals with various process parameters that researchers have come across till date related to FSP. Furthermore, research based on Friction stir processing of aluminium reinforced with ceramics are discussed mainly based on SiC or B4C. This comprehensive review tries to fill the gaps in developing a deep understanding of aluminium based composites when Friction stir processed ceramics improves mechanical as well as wear properties of material to a larger and extent and can easily replace conventional materials leading to cost effective as well as free from defects.
Calculation of Electron Transport in Short Polyyne Nanochains
Authors: Mousavi Hamze , Bamdad Mohammad , Jalilvand Samira
Published: August 2022

The electron transport properties in short polyyne nanochains lying between two semi-infinite cumulene leads are investigated using tight-binding Hamiltonian of the Harrison’s model and the Landauer-Büttiker formalism. The presence of all kinds of atomic orbitals occurring in the monatomic system one by one is studied and proven. The effects of dimerization on the density of states, electron transmission and current-voltage characteristics of a linear chain of carbon atoms (carbyne) are discussed. Our results show that the polyyne exhibits a semiconducting behavior because of dimerization. In the absence of dimerization, the carbon nanochain behaves as a conductor. Actually, under mechanical strain due to dimerization, a metal-to-semiconductor transition occurs. Moreover, it is found that the bandgap in polyyne nanochains is never a constant value, but highly depends on bond length alternation. Thereby, a polyyne nanochain via strain can be exploited as a nanodevice with tunable bandgap. The influences of increasing length of the finite polyyne nanochain on the transport properties regarding all atomic orbital types are studied. The nonlinear behavior of the current-voltage curve for different temperatures of the metallic leads is calculated and interpreted. Our theoretical results are in a good overall agreement with the most recent experimental findings.
Conferring the Midas Touch on Integrative Taxonomy: A Nanogold-Oligonucleotide Conjugate-Based Quick Species Identification Tool
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Sharma Ajay Kumar
Published: August 2022

Nanogold or functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have myriad applications in medical sciences. GNPs are widely used in the area of nanodiagnostics and nanotherapeutics. Applications of GNPs in taxonomic studies have not been studied vis-à-vis its extensive medical applications. GNPs have great potential in the area of integrative taxonomy. We have realized that GNPs can be used to visually detect animal species based on molecular signatures. In this regard, we have synthesized gold nanoparticles (<20 nm) and have developed a method based on interactions between thiolated DNA oligonucleotides and small-sized GNPs, interactions between DNA oligonucleotides and target DNA molecules, and self-aggregating properties of small-sized GNPs under high salt concentrations leading to a visible change in colour. Exploiting these intermolecular and interparticle interactions under aqueous conditions, in the present work, we have demonstrated the application of our procedure by using a DNA oligonucleotide probe designed against a portion of the mitochondrial genome of the codling moth Cydia pomonella. This method is accurate, quick, and easy to use once devised and can be used as an additional tool along with DNA barcoding. This tool can be used for distinguishing cryptic species, identification of morphovariants of known species, diet analysis, and identification of pest species in quarantine facilities without any need of performing repetitive DNA sequencing. We suggest that designing and selecting a highly specific DNA probe is crucial in increasing the specificity of the procedure. Present work may be considered as an effort to introduce nanotechnology as a new discipline to the extensive field of integrative taxonomy with which disciplines like palaeontology, embryology, anatomy, ethology, ecology, biochemistry, and molecular biology are already associated for a long time.
Effect of Unilateral Knee Extension Restriction on the Lumbar Region during Gait
Authors: Nakatsuji Shintaro , Kawada Masayuki , Takeshita Yasufumi , Matsuzawa Yuta , Hata Kazutaka , Araki Sota , Kiyama Ryoji
Published: August 2022

Unilateral knee extension restriction might change trunk alignment and increase mechanical load on the lumbar region during walking. We aimed to clarify lumbar region mechanical load during walking with restricted knee extension using a musculoskeletal model simulation. Seventeen healthy adult males were enrolled in this study. Participants walked 10 m at a comfortable velocity with and without restricted right knee extension of 15° and 30° using a knee brace. L4–5 joint moment, joint reaction force, and muscle forces around the lumbar region during walking were calculated for each condition. Peaks of kinetic data were compared among three gait conditions during 0%–30% and 50%–80% of the right gait cycle. Lumbar extension moment at early stance of the bilateral lower limbs was significantly increased in the 30° restricted condition (

p
<
0.001

). Muscle force of the multifidus showed peaks at stance phase of the contralateral side during walking, and the erector spinae showed force peaks at early stance of the bilateral lower limb. Muscle force of the multifidus and erector spinae increased with increasing degree of knee flexion (

p
≤
0.010

), with a large effect size (η2 = 0.273–0.486). The joint force acting on L4–5 showed two peaks at early stance of the bilateral lower limbs during the walking cycle. The anterior and vertical joint force on L4–5 increased by 14.2%–36.5% and 10.0%–23.0% in walking with restricted knee extension, respectively (

p
≤
0.010

), with a large effect size (η2 = 0.149–0.425). Restricted knee joint extension changed trunk alignment and increased the muscle force and the vertical and anterior joint force on the L4–5 joint during walking; this tendency became more obvious with increased restriction angle. Our results provide important information for therapists engaged in the rehabilitation of patients with knee contracture.
NLRP3 Susceptible Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Primary Gouty Arthritis and Hyperuricemia
Authors: Zhang Bei , Mayina Kahaer , Zhang Xiao-bo , Liang Mei-ting , Chen Wu-jin , Tian Ting-ting , Liu Ye-zhou , Sun Yu-ping
Published: August 2022

Polymorphisms have been identified to predispose to primary gouty arthritis (GA) and hyperuricemia (HUA). Here, we accessed the five polymorphisms of rs10754558, rs35829419, rs3738448, rs3806268, and rs7525979 in NLRP3 on GA and HUA susceptibility. We collected 1198 samples (314 GA, 377 HUA, and 507 controls) for this case‐control study. Our data detected that the rs3806268 (GA vs. AA: OR = 0.65, p = 0.012) was significantly associated with the susceptibility to GA. The rs3738448 (TT vs. GG: OR = 2.05, p = 0.024) and rs7525979 (TT vs. CC: OR = 1.96, p = 0.037) were significantly associated with the susceptibility to HUA. The rs3806268 AG genotype presented decreased risk of GA among the hypertension (OR = 0.54, p = 0.0093), smoking (OR = 0.59, p = 0.018), and no obesity (OR = 0.60, p = 0.0097) subjects compared to the GG genotype group. The rs3738448 TT genotype demonstrated increased risk of HUA among the hypertension (OR = 4.10, p = 0.0056) and no drinking population (OR = 3.56, p = 0.016) compared to the GG genotype group. The rs7525979 TT genotype demonstrated increased risk of HUA among the hypertension (OR = 4.01, p = 0.0064) and no drinking population (OR = 3.24, p = 0.034) compared to the CC genotype group. Furthermore, a significant haplotype effect of rs10754558/C‐rs35829419/C‐rs3738448/G‐rs3806268/A‐rs7525979/C was found (OR = 1.60, p = 0.0046) compared with GCGAC haplotype. Bioinformatics analyses indicated that rs3738448, rs3806268, and rs7525979 might influence the gene regulation, while the T‐allele of rs3738448 increased the stability of NLRP3‐mRNA. Collectively, our case‐control study confirms NLRP3 polymorphisms might participate in regulating immune and inflammation responses in GA and HUA.
Discussion on the Network Literacy Education System of College Students under the Big Data Media Management Model
Authors: Jiang Xu
Published: August 2022

Quality is strengthened by one’s own efforts in continuous learning. Quality education is a requirement for enhancing comprehensive national power. In a sense, it is of great significance to carry out quality education for college students, improve national quality, cultivate innovative talents, and ensure the quality of national and innovative talents, which is a prerequisite for social development. Quality education is the requirement of education reform in higher vocational colleges. Since entering the 21st century, many higher education institutions have slowly changed from elite education to mass education and from professional education in the past to professional education and quality education at the same time. This paper focuses on the study of college students’ network quality education system under the big data media management mode, using SQL Server big data management system, Oracle big data analysis research, and related score evaluation method to make an overall analysis of the current situation of China’s college students’ network quality education, and on this basis, we propose to improve academic standards, improve teachers’ quality education ability, follow academic freedom and equality, and improve the suggestions of improving academic standards, improving teachers’ quality education ability, following academic freedom and equality, improving teacher appointment system, optimizing evaluation system of quality education results, innovating incentive mechanism of university teachers’ online quality education, and creating benign development system of university teachers’ online quality education are proposed.
An Exoatmospheric Homing Guidance Law Based on Deep Q Network
Authors: Tang Jin , Bai Zhihui , Liang Yangang , Zheng Fan , Li Kebo
Published: August 2022

A homing guidance law for exoatmospheric interceptor based on the Deep Q Network (DQN) algorithm is proposed in this paper. Aiming at the exoatmospheric interception problem, the guidance agent is built with the help of the deep reinforcement learning theory, and the action command is given according to the measurement information of the exoatmospheric interceptor for the accurate interception of the target. The homing guidance problem is first transformed into a Markov decision process, and a three-dimensional (3D) interception scenario is established. Then, the reward function considering the line-of-sight (LOS) rate and the final zero-effort-miss (ZEM) is designed, and the homing guidance problem is transferred to the reinforcement learning framework. After that, DQN is utilized to solve the exoatmospheric interception problem, and the guidance agent is obtained through a large amount of training. Finally, the guidance performance of DQN homing guidance law is verified by numerical simulation examples and compared with the classical true proportional navigation (TPN) guidance law. The results show that the guidance performance of the homing guidance law is better than that of TPN.
LSTM-Based Neural Network to Recognize Human Activities Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Sabbu Sunitha , Ganesan Vithya
Published: August 2022

Deep learning techniques have recently demonstrated their ability to be applied in any field, including image processing, natural language processing, speech recognition, and many other real-world problem-solving applications. Human activity recognition (HAR), on the other hand, has become a popular research topic due to its wide range of applications. The researchers began working on the new ideas by combining the two emerging areas to solve HAR problems using deep learning. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in deep learning (DL) provide higher opportunity in recognizing the abnormal behavior of humans to avoid any kind of security issues. The present study proposed a deep network architecture based on one of the techniques of deep learning named as residual bidirectional long-term memory (LSTM). The new network is capable of avoiding gradient vanishing in both temporal and spatial dimensions with a view to increase the rate of recognition. To understand the complexity of activities recognition and classification, two LSTM models, basic model and the proposed model, were used. Later, a comparative analysis is performed to understand the efficiencies of the models during the classification of five human activities like abuse, arrest, arson, assault, and fighting images classification. The basic LSTM model has achieved a training accuracy of just 18% and testing accuracy of 21% with higher training and classification loss values. But the proposed LSTM model has outperformed the basic model while achieving 100% classification accuracy. Finally, the observations have proved that the proposed LSTM model is best suitable in recognizing and classifying the human activities well even for real-time videos.
[Retracted] Clinical Application of Thoracoscopic Resection of Anterior Mediastinal Tumors under the Xiphoid Process
Authors: Zhu Xingfeng , Jin Kuanzhe , Wu Xiaobo , Yu Guiping
Published: August 2022

Objective. To explore the feasibility and advantages of thoracoscopic resection of anterior mediastinal tumors through subxiphoid and lateral thoracic approaches. Method. 74 patients with anterior mediastinal tumors hospitalized in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into the lateral chest group (31 cases) and the infraxiphoid group (43 cases) according to different operation methods. The tumor size, operation time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative pain score, postoperative complications, postoperative drainage tube removal time, and hospital stay were compared between the two groups. Result. The intraoperative bleeding and postoperative pain scores in the subxiphoid group were better than those in the lateral chest group. There was no significant difference in operation time and postoperative complications between the two groups. Conclusion. Compared with the lateral thoracic approach, the thoracoscopic subxiphoid approach can be more safe and effective in resectioning anterior mediastinal tumors.
An Auxiliary Scoring Model for Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism Complicated with Atrial Fibrillation Was Established Based on Random Forests
Authors: Zhang Chuang , Guan Qiongchan , Qin Jie , Huang Daochao , Wu Jinhong
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the establishment of an auxiliary scoring model for patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE) complicated with atrial fibrillation (AF) based on random forest (RF) and its application effect. A retrospective analysis was performed on the general data, underlying diseases, laboratory indicators, and cardiac indicators of 100 patients with APE admitted to our hospital from 2018 to 2021. The occurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with pulmonary embolism was taken as a categorical variable, and the general data, underlying diseases, laboratory indicators, and cardiac indicators were taken as input variables. Then, the risk auxiliary scoring model for patients with APE complicated with AF was established based on RF and logistic regression. Finally, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, recall rate, accuracy, F1 value, and the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the predictive value of the models. After statistical analysis, the optimal node value was 3 and the optimal number of decision trees was 500 in the RF model. The importance of predictors in descending order were Hcy, diabetes mellitus, FT3 level, UA level, left atrial diameter, hypertension, and smoking history. The prediction accuracy of the RF model was 0.934, sensitivity 0.966, specificity 0.876, recall rate 0.9660, accuracy 0.934, and F1 value 0.950. The logistic regression model prediction accuracy was 0.816, sensitivity 0.915, specificity 0.125, recall rate 0.902, accuracy 0.811, and F1 value 0.896. The RF model and logistic regression prediction model AUC values were 0.984 and 0.883, respectively. From this, we conclude that the RF model was better than the logistic regression model in predicting AF in APE patients. So, the RF model had the clinical application value.
Clinical Outcomes of Drug-Eluting Bead Transarterial Chemoembolization Loaded with Raltitrexed for the Treatment of Unresectable or Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Bi Yonghua , Jiao Dechao , Ren Jianzhuang , Han Xinwei
Published: August 2022

Objectives. Although raltitrexed shows therapeutic effects in many types of malignant tumors, the therapeutic effects and safety of drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) loaded with raltitrexed for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are rare. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of DEB-TACE with raltitrexed-loaded CalliSpheres beads (CB) in patients with unresectable or recurrent HCC. Methods. Between May 2018 and October 2021, 41 patients with unresectable or recurrent HCC treated by DEB-TACE loaded with raltitrexed were retrospectively enrolled. The primary end points were overall survival and progression-free survival. The response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) criteria and modified RECIST criteria (mRECIST) were used to assess the tumor response after the DEB-TACE procedure. Results. A total of 79 DEB-TACE procedures were successfully performed, and the technical success rate was 100%. The overall response rate and disease control rate assessed by mRECIST criteria were 76.9% and 88.5%, 62.5% and 70.8%, and 35.3% and 47.1%, respectively, at 1, 3, and 6 months postprocedure. The mean progression-free survival and overall survival were 21.6 ± 3.6 and 43.7 ± 5.8 months, respectively. The 6-, 24-, and 36-month overall survival rates were 86.8%, 62.7%, and 57.1%, respectively. Minor complications were observed in 21 patients (51.2%), with no treatment-related mortality or severe adverse events. The most common treatment-related complications were abdominal pain (48.8%) and nausea (29.3%). Conclusion. DEB-TACE with raltitrexed-loaded CB suggests a feasible, safe, and efficacious palliative regimen in unresectable or recurrent HCC patients.
Construct and Validate a Predictive Model for Surgical Site Infection after Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Based on Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Xiong Chuang , Zhao Runhan , Xu Jingtao , Liang Hao , Zhang Chao , Zhao Zenghui , Huang Tianji , Luo Xiaoji
Published: August 2022

Purpose. Surgical site infection is one of the serious complications after lumbar fusion. Early prediction and timely intervention can reduce the harm to patients. The aims of this study were to construct and validate a machine learning model for predicting surgical site infection after posterior lumbar interbody fusion, to screen out the most important risk factors for surgical site infection, and to explore whether synthetic minority oversampling technique could improve the model performance. Method. This study reviewed 584 patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative lumbar disease at our center from January 2019 to August 2021. Clinical information and laboratory test data were collected from the electronic medical records. The original dataset was divided into training set and validation set in a 1 : 1 ratio. Seven machine learning algorithms were used to develop predictive models; the training set of each model was resampled using synthetic minority oversampling technique. Finally, the model performance was assessed in the validation set. Results. Of the 584 patients, 33 (5.65%) occurred surgical site infection. Stepwise logistic regression showed that preoperative albumin level (OR 0.659, 95% CI 0.563-0.756), diabetes (OR 9.129, 95% CI 3.816-23.126), intraoperative dural tear (OR 8.436, 95% CI 2.729-25.334), and rheumatic disease (OR 8.471, 95% CI 1.743-39.567) were significant predictors associated with surgical site infection. The performance of the AdaBoost Classification Trees model was the best among the seven machine learning models, and synthetic minority oversampling technique improved the performance of all models. Conclusion. The prediction model we constructed based on machine learning and synthetic minority oversampling technique can accurately predict surgical site infection, which is conducive to clinical decision-making and optimization of perioperative management.
The Influence of Martial Arts on Spine CT Image Morphological Structure Based on Optimized Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Yuhuan Hou , Xueting Hou , Weiyue Wang
Published: August 2022

As the second lifeline of human body, the abnormal development of its morphological structure has a great impact on people’s physical and mental health. Due to bad living habits and learning pressure, the morphological and structural development of spine in adolescents and children is abnormal to a certain extent, which can be improved by sports intervention. Therefore, this article puts forward the research on the influence of Wushu on the spinal morphological structure based on the optimization algorithm and integrates the optimization ant colony algorithm on the basis of the traditional spinal CT image segmentation method. The experimental results show that the improved CT image segmentation method based on the optimized ant colony algorithm can solve the sensitive problem of the number of clusters, improve the segmentation efficiency and quality, and provide more accurate data for the subsequent comparative experiments. At the same time, the comparative test results show that Wuqinxi Wushu can better improve the abnormal dry tilt angle, abnormal kyphosis angle, and body balance angle of teenagers, improve the activity of teenagers’ spine, and help teenagers enhance the overall health of spine.
Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Validation to Unveil the Molecular Targets and Mechanisms of Compound Fuling Granule to Treat Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Li Zhaoyi , Liu Qingling , Zhu Ying , Wu Lichao , Liu Wenhong , Li Junfeng , Zhang Zhiqian , Tao Fangfang
Published: August 2022

Background. Compound fuling granule (CFG) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that is used for more than twenty years to treat ovarian cancer (OC) in China. However, the underlying processes have yet to be completely understood. This research is aimed at uncovering its molecular mechanism and identifying possible therapeutic targets. Methods. Significant genes were collected from Therapeutic Target Database and Database of Gene-Disease Associations. The components of CFG were analyzed by LC-MS/MS, and the active components of CFG were screened according to their oral bioavailability and drug-likeness index. The validated targets were extracted from PharmMapper and PubChem databases. Venn diagram and STRING website diagrams were used to identify intersection targets, and a protein–protein interaction network was prepared using STRING. The ingredient-target network was established using Cytoscape. Molecular docking was performed to visualize the molecule–protein interactions using PyMOL 2.3. Enrichment and pathway analyses were performed using FunRich software and Reactome pathway, respectively. Experimental validations, including CCK-8 assay, wound-scratch assay, flow cytometry, western blot assay, histopathological examination, and immunohistochemistry, were conducted to verify the effects of CFG on OC cells. Results. A total of 56 bioactive ingredients of CFG and 185 CFG-OC-related targets were screened by network pharmacology analysis. The potential therapeutic targets included moesin, glutathione S-transferase kappa 1, ribonuclease III (DICER1), mucin1 (MUC1), cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), E1A binding protein p300, and transcription activator BRG1. Reactome analysis showed 51 signaling pathways (

P
<
0.05

), and FunRich revealed 44 signaling pathways that might play an important role in CFG against OC. Molecular docking of CDK2 and five active compounds (baicalin, ignavine, lactiflorin, neokadsuranic acid B, and deoxyaconitine) showed that baicalin had the highest affinity to CDK2. Experimental approaches confirmed that CFG could apparently inhibit OC cell proliferation and migration in vitro; increase apoptosis; decrease the protein expression of MUC1, DICER1, and CDK2; and suppress the progression and distant metastasis of OC in vivo. DICER1, a tumor suppressor, is essential for microRNA synthesis. Our findings suggest that CFG may impair the production of miRNAs in OC cells. Conclusion. Based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation, the potential mechanism underlying the function of CFG in OC was explored, which supplies the theoretical groundwork for additional pharmacological investigation.