bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Cloud to Ground (CG) Lightning and Heavy Rainfall in Medan and Deli Serdang
Authors: Tarigan Patra Mesiari , Humaidi Syahrul , Darmawan Yahya , Situmorang Marhaposan , Rianna Martha
Published: March 2024

The areas of Medan and Deli Serdang have complex topography, stretching from the slopes of Bukit Barisan Mountains to the east coast of North Sumatera. This condition causes Medan and Deli Serdang areas frequently form convective clouds that produce rain and lightning. This research utilizes Cloud to Ground (CG) lightning data and rainfall from 2019-2022 to analyse the characteristics and relationship between lightning and rainfall in Medan and Deli Serdang. CG lightning data is obtained from Lightning Detector equipment with a 10 km radius to avoid noise and obtain better data. Rainfall data above 50 mm/day (heavy rain) is used, which is obtained from 3 rain gauges locations. The study results showed that there was an increase in lightning events along with an increase of rainfall which showed almost the same pattern of peak activity from lightning and rainfall. The correlation between heavy rainfall and CG lightning, in the Medan and Deli Serdang areas are moderate positive, around r=0.566 for CG-, r=0.567 for CG+ and r= 0.576 for total CG. The highest correlation in Sunggal Rain Station is r = 0.947, in Deli Serdang Climatological Station is r = 0.950 and in the Kualanamu Meteorological Station is r = 0.932.
Perception of Science Teacher Candidates Toward Creative Thinking Ability
Authors: Muliadi Agus , Rokhmat Joni , Hakim Aliefman , Sukarso AA
Published: March 2024

This study aims to explore the perceptions of prospective science teacher students regarding creative thinking abilities. This study is an exploratory research with research subjects as many as 14 biology education students. The research instrument used is a closed questionnaire which has been developed referring to indicators of creative thinking abilities, namely fluency, flexibility, originality and elaboration. The questionnaire has answers using a Likert scale that has been validated by experts and declared valid. This research data was analyzed using quantitative descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with the Anova test. The results of this research are (1) biology education students have an average perception score regarding creative thinking abilities, namely the Fluency indicator is 2.52 in the Tall category, Flexibility is 2.61 in the Tall category, Originality is 2.63 in the Tall category, and Elaboration of 2.67 in the Tall category; (2) there is no significant difference in students' perceptions of creative thinking abilities on the indicators of fluency, flexibility, originality and elaboration, as evidenced by the results of the Anova test with a significance value of 0.719>0.05.
Implementation challenges of merdeka curriculum in primary schools
Authors: Yunitasari Dukha , Suastra I Wayan , Lasmawan I Wayan
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study is to explain the implementation challenges of merdeka curriculum in primary school. The 47 articles were identified to discuss the understanding of merdeka curriculum, to know the merdeka curriculum challenges, and to overcome the challenges. The implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Indonesian primary schools presents a number of obstacles, including teacher comprehension of the curriculum, habituation, quality of education, implementation of specific subjects, and teacher preparedness. To ensure a correct understanding of the curriculum and the formation of appropriate habits in teachers, institutions, and students, policymakers should establish effective communication with teachers. Teacher preparation programs that emphasize differentiated learning can prepare educators to implement the Merdeka Curriculum. Integrating values-based learning programs and employing a well-structured educational management flow can also enhance the character education component and optimize the curriculum implementation. In addition, workshops and readiness-raising initiatives can improve teachers' mental and intellectual preparedness for the new curriculum's changes and challenges. By addressing these obstacles, the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Indonesian primary schools can be made more effective, thereby augmenting the quality of education offered to Indonesian students.
Exploration of Phinisi Ship Components as a Source for Learning Elementary School Geometry: Ethnomathematics Study
Authors: Akbar Ady , Herman Tatang , Suryadi Didi
Published: March 2024

Mathematics is still seen as a non-cultural subject. Mathematics and culture are two aspects that have a strong relationship. Culture provides a natural means for students to access a framework for conceptual understanding in mathematics. One of the important cultural objects in Indonesia is the Phinisi. The phinisi is a traditional wooden ship originating from Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi province which is recorded as a world cultural heritage. This study explores the concept of ethnomathematics geometry on phinisi ships. The method used in this research is an exploratory-descriptive method through an ethnographic approach to explain and analyze the ethnomathematical concepts of geometry on the components of the phinisi. Research data were collected through a literature review, direct observation of the shape and process of making phinisi, and interviews with expert phinisi shipbuilders. The results showed that there are geometric ethnomathematical concepts in the form of flat shapes and spatial shapes on several phinisi components. This ethnomathematical concept is relevant to the formal mathematical concepts learned in school so it has the potential to be a source of learning mathematics.
Ethnomathematics-Based Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project Module in the Merdeka Curriculum Phase A in Elementary Schools
Authors: Amreta Midya Yuli , Anisah Giati
Published: March 2024

The transformation of education in Indonesia after Covid-19 has experienced quite significant changes, namely the latest Merdeka Belajar curriculum. The Merdeka Curriculum develops learning according to interests, learning styles and abilities that are connected to the competence of teachers and students. There are six competencies in Pancasila students formulated as key dimensions that are interrelated and strengthen each other, namely 1) faith, devotion to God Almighty and noble character, 2) global diversity, 3) mutual cooperation, 4) independence, 5) critical reasoning , and 6) creativity which then requires module development. This research aims to produce a product, namely a project module for strengthening the profile of Pancasila students which includes ethnomathematics. Etonmathematics means a module developed by integrating curriculum, pedagogy, mathematics and local wisdom. The use of local wisdom as an integrated module for the project to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students makes students trained and able to explore mathematical concepts that exist in their cultural environment. In this research, the context is local ethnomathematics wisdom in Tuban Regency, East Java. This research is Research and Development (R&D) research with a 4D model. 4D model design consists of four flows, namely Define, Design, Develop, and Desseminase. This development research was validated with 3 validators, namely design validator, language validator and material validator. The validation results from the design validation were 88%, which means it is suitable for use, the language validator is 94%, which means it is suitable for use, and the material validator is 90%, which means it is suitable for use. Then the module was tested on 48 phase A students. The average pretest result from trial 1 was 62.75, then in trial 2 it was 63.75. Followed by the posttest results from trial 1, namely 90.33 and trial 2, namely 91.58. After carrying out the pre-test and post-test at the trial stage, the researcher calculated the N-Gain Score value, namely N-Gain trial 1, namely getting a score of 0.76 which means high and getting an interpretation of N-Gain effectiveness of 76.78% which means effective. Then students filled out a student response questionnaire, and obtained presentation results of 85% in the very satisfied category. So it can be concluded that the project module for strengthening the profile of Pancasila students based on ethnomathematics in the Phase A independent curriculum in elementary schools that was developed is suitable for use and effective in learning mathematics.
The Philosophy of Critical Thinking in Problem-Based Science Learning
Authors: Verawati Ni Nyoman Sri Putu , Sarjan Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Exploration of effective pedagogical methods is the main focus aimed at cultivating not only specific knowledge of the subject matter but also critical thinking skills. Referring to the dynamics of exploring critical thinking skills, the role of critical thinking is considered highly important as a support for individual success, even regarded as a crucial skill. The current study aims to examine the role of critical thinking philosophy in Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in science education. This study is a literature review, where information and relevant data were sourced from Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The review findings reveal that science education is not just about knowledge of subject matter content but also about thinking skills. Critical thinking is deemed essential in the 21st century and requires stimuli to develop. One of the learning models that support the development of critical thinking is PBL. The literature review results also disclose the context of critical thinking philosophy, the concept of critical thinking, and critical thinking philosophy in PBL. Critical thinking is reflected in four key indicators: the ability to analyze, evaluate, inference, and decision-making. The review highlights how PBL facilitates critical thinking through engagement with complex problems, active learning, student autonomy, reflection, and repeated problem-solving. Thus, PBL aligns with philosophical principles emphasizing active engagement and experiential learning, inherently fostering students' critical thinking skills.
Development of Animated Video-Based Mathematics Learning Media using Powtoons on Quadrilateral and Triangular Materials
Authors: Ningrum Audy Puspa , Nofriyandi Nofriyandi , Adrian Dedek , Widiati Indah
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the validity and practicality of video-based learning media development using Powtoon on square and triangular materials in the 7th grade of SM. The type of development research uses the R&D model (Research and Development) which has been modified into 7 stages, namely Potential and Problem, Data Collection, Product Design, Design Validation, Design Revision, Trial Product Testing and End Product. Research objects are video animation-based learning media using Powtoon on square and triangular materials in the 7th Grade. The test subjects are 20 students in the 8th Graduate Grade State 1 Kerinci Right. A learning media product developed using Powtoon is validated by four validators. Data validation results and practicality in the analysis by determining the average of each assessment. Results from the analysis of validation data show an average of 85.92% with criteria very valid. The elevation evaluation of the teacher's response to the use of learning media obtained an average of 85.33% with very practical criteria and the average elevation assessment of the student response of 86.48% with the criteria highly practical. Thus, it can be concluded that the learning media based on animated video using Powtoon on square and triangular material of grade VII SM tested its validity and practicality. This research needs to be continued to test its effectiveness on the cognitive abilities of students in the topics of quadrilaterals and triangles.
Characterization of Meteorological Drought Using Standardized Precipitation Index and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index Methods in North Sumatera
Authors: Manullang Fanly Parhimpunan , Tarigan Kerista , Situmorang Marhaposan , Humaidi Syahrul , Doloksaribu Deassy Eirene Diana , Darmawan Yahya
Published: March 2024

Climate variability in Indonesia is influenced by several global factors including El Niño Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole, one consequence of climate variability is drought. The drought index is used to identify and describe the level of drought in an area, the methods used in this study are the Standardized Precipitation Index and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index which are calculated based on climate data with a span of 24 years as many as 67 rain observation posts in North Sumatra using R Studio software. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors of global climate phenomena that affect drought in North Sumatra and its impact on rice crop productivity and analyze drought characteristics spatially and temporarily. The resulting index values are then analyzed using correlation methods to see their relationship with ENSO and IOD. The results showed that the incidence of the ENSO phenomenon had a very strong relationship with meteorological drought in North Sumatra with a correlation value range of -0.85 to -0.97, and as many as 62.5% of 32 districts experienced a decrease in rice crop productivity during El Niño with strong intensity in 2015.
Technology-Based Future Science Education: Axiological Philosophy in the Framework of Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Ahzan Sukainil , Prayogi Saiful , Azmi Irham , Asy'ari Muhammad , Samsuri Taufik
Published: March 2024

Science education is crucial in developing our understanding of the natural world and enhancing knowledge growth. With rapid advancements in information and communication technology, there is a unique opportunity to transform science education into a more interactive, inclusive, and relevant discipline. However, this evolution prompts philosophical questions, especially concerning axiology—the study of the value and impact of technology on the future of science education. This research explores the axiological aspects of technology integration in science education through a bibliometric analysis, focusing on how technology-based methods can enrich science learning. A comprehensive literature review reveals that technology is crucial in making science education more accessible, motivating students, facilitating the acquisition of new skills, fostering critical thinking, and boosting student engagement. It highlights the value of incorporating technology into educational practices and how it aligns with axiological considerations in science education. The findings emphasize the need for a deeper philosophical understanding of technology's role in science education to ensure its ongoing relevance and effectiveness. Looking forward, the integration of technology in science learning promises to advance our knowledge and suggests a fertile area for future research, emphasizing the exploration of innovative technological tools that can further enhance science education for all students.
Uso de cannabidiol en el tratamiento del autismo, revisión de la literatura y perspectivas futuras
Authors: Colacite Jean , Calixto Nicole Melo , Rech Lais Picinin Bittencourt , Campos Luana Silva , Ferreira Isabela Pedro Lopes , Cubas Filho José Orlando , Lezan Liamara , Florentin Andres Alexander , Castanho Paula Bueno , Oliveros Carol Andrea
Published: March 2024

Los Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA) son considerados una enfermedad multifactorial, estando asociados a causas genéticas y no genéticas con predominio del desarrollo en la primera infancia y que compromete las esferas cognitiva, social y afectiva, además del propio crecimiento físico. No existen medicamentos específicos para el autismo y se utilizan varios medicamentos para aliviar los síntomas asociados con el TEA, además se tiene muy discusión sobre el uso de lo canabidiol. Este trabajo es una revisión sistemática de la literatura con el objetivo de comprender más sobre el uso del cannabidiol para ayudar a tratar a los pacientes con TEA. Los resultados encontrados demuestran una fuerte relación entre TEA y el sistema endocannabinoide, especialmente en los receptores CB1 y CB2. La mayoría de los trabajos muestran que el uso de cannabidiol trajo más beneficios que efectos secundarios o reacciones adversas, actuando principalmente en la mejora de los signos y síntomas del TEA. Por lo tanto, se concluye que es de gran importancia realizar más estudios para aclarar puntos aún oscuros en el uso de cannabidiol en el tratamiento del TEA.
Utilização da plataforma Arduino no processo de ensino/aprendizado de fundamentos de eletricidade na física
Authors: Souza Simone Silva Frutuoso de
Published: March 2024

Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma proposta para utilização da plataforma Arduino no processo de ensino/aprendizado de fundamentos de eletricidade na Física.  O ensino da Física tem enfrentado dificuldades, que por vezes pode ser estrutural ou mesmo cultura. A dificuldade estrutural vem da forma como o ensino desta disciplina foi pensado e também por falta de estrutura. E a dificuldade cultural, vem da forma engessada de se ensinar a Física, onde o professor é sempre o detentor de todo conhecimento e os alunos apenas mecanizam o processo através de repetição. Neste sentido, a metodologia ativa, se apresenta como uma possibilidade de mudança de paradigma, onde o aluno passa a ser o protagonista e participante ativo, trazendo vários benefícios. Assim a proposta deste trabalho é realizar a aplicação de aulas com metodologia ativa com o auxílio da placa Arduino para ensino da Física com alunos do ensino médio, e posteriormente fazer uma avaliação com uma pesquisa qualitativa/quantitativa. Os resultados obtidos são satisfatórios, e destaca-se que 99% dos alunos recomendam mais aulas como está nas disciplinas de Física, e 100% dos alunos avaliaram a metodologia ativa com um bom potencial em relação a metodologia tradicional.
Mini-horta escolar como ferramenta de educação ambiental na escola municipal Santo Antônio, Grajaú, Estado do Maranhão (MA), Brasil
Authors: Lima Felipe Barros , Sousa Cynthia Lohanne Lima de , Campelo Jakelline Nascimento , Lima Weslley Carvalho , Fonseca Juliana Noronha , Felix Neusani Oliveira Ives
Published: March 2024

A Educação Ambiental exerce papel relevante na interação sociedade e natureza. Assim, o objeto de estudo deste trabalho foi a implementação de uma mini-horta na Escola Municipal Santo Antônio, Grajaú-MA. O objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar o potencial da mini-horta como uma ferramenta educativa para promover a educação ambiental, incentivando os alunos a cultivarem e consumirem alimentos saudáveis. A pesquisa teve como abordagens metodológicas, a pesquisa qualitativa e a pesquisa-ação, utilizando a observação participante, a aplicação de questionários fechados e a prática de sequência didática como formas de obtenção de dados. Os resultados indicam que os discentes da escola pesquisada reconhecem a importância da preservação da natureza e do meio ambiente, demonstrando a eficácia da mini-horta como ferramenta educativa na promoção da educação ambiental e interdisciplinar, em que os alunos podem explorar conceitos científicos e empíricos, e, agregar questões relacionadas à alimentação saudável. A abordagem da Educação Ambiental pautada na interação teoria e prática estimula o interesse dos alunos e torna as aprendizagens mais significativas. Nesse contexto, os alunos pesquisados se mostraram motivados e dispostos à participarem das atividades relacionadas à implementação da mini-horta. Portanto, este estudo ressalta a relevância da Educação Ambiental na formação dos indivíduos, destacando a importância da mini-horta escolar como instrumento de ensino e aprendizagem e de conscientização socioambiental.
Aspectos da saúde integral e do desenvolvimento motor de criança com agenesia sacral: Um relato de caso
Authors: Pontes Isabelle Eunice de Albuquerque , Barbosa Maria Fernanda Junqueira , Vieira Anny Karoliny Almeida , Farias Kelly Soares
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: avaliar o desenvolvimento motor e outros aspectos de saúde integral de uma criança com agenesia sacral. Metodologia: trata-se de um relato de caso, de caráter descritivo, com uma abordagem quantitativa e transversal. Os instrumentos utilizados foram uma ficha de avaliação sociodemográfica e a Escala Alberta. Essa pesquisa foi submetida ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da UEPB e foi aprovada com o número CAAE: 74237223.1.0000.5187. Resultados: Criança avaliada aos 7 meses de vida. Recebeu o diagnóstico de síndrome de regressão caudal tipo II, ou agenesia sacral, aos 5 meses. Na avaliação fisioterapêutica, observou-se hipotonia e hipotrofia dos MMII, além de atraso do DNPM, de acordo com a escala Alberta (escore total 27, percentil <10). A mãe relata irritabilidade, distúrbio do sono e constipação intestinal severa. Conclusão: O registro científico de casos de doenças raras é importante para trazer respaldo científico para profissionais que se deparam com casos semelhantes em sua rotina clínica. O paciente registrado através deste relato de caso é uma criança que tem diversos aspectos de sua saúde afetados pela presença da agenesia sacral, marcadamente o desenvolvimento motor e a função intestinal.
Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para Saúde (PET-Saúde) promotor da disponibilidade para o aprendizado interprofissional
Authors: Miranda Hélida Cristina Alves , Pereira Queli Lisiane Castro
Published: March 2024

O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar a disponibilidade dos discentes, preceptores e tutores do PET Saúde - Gestão e Assistência Araguaia para o aprendizado compartilhado com alunos e profissionais de outras áreas. Como método utilizou-se a pesquisa avaliativa, descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa. Participaram do estudo 43 integrantes da equipe executora do PET-Saúde Gestão e Assistência Araguaia. Foi aplicado o questionário Readiness Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS), validada por Peduzzi e colaboradores, de 29 itens medidos em escala Likert abordando conceitos relacionados ao trabalho em equipe e colaboração, identidade profissional e atenção centrada no paciente. As respostas foram compiladas em uma planilha Excel da Microsoft 365 e analisadas utilizando valores gerais e por grupos da média, escore e desvio padrão das pontuações. Nos resultados a maioria dos participantes foi de estudantes 28(63,6%). Há disponibilidade para a aprendizagem compartilhada quanto ao trabalho em equipe e colaboração, identidade profissional e atenção centrada no paciente. O escore geral da escala de disponibilidade para aprendizagem compartilhada foi alto, 114,65 dos 145 pontos possíveis.  Conclui-se que houve avaliação positiva para disponibilidade para o aprendizado compartilhado com alunos e profissionais de outras áreas. A prontidão demonstrada para o aprendizado interprofissional sugere que iniciativas educacionais que promovem a colaboração interprofissional estão sendo bem recebidas e têm o potencial de moldar positivamente a formação profissional e a cultura de trabalho nos serviços de saúde para uma assistência mais integral e resolutiva.
Assessment of Türkiye's Digitalization Performance within the Framework of the UN Sustainable Development Index
Authors: Fidan Üzeyir
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the accelerated digitalization process in Türkiye in the 2000s and the developments in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) index observed in the same period. The main question motivating the study is the nature of the effects of increasing digitalization on sustainable development. Quantitative data analytics methods are used in the study. Time series data on digitalization and the SDG index for Türkiye are collected, descriptive and inferential statistical analyses are applied. The findings show that there has been a significant increase in digitalization indicators in Türkiye since the 2000s. In the same period, an increase is also observed in the SDG index. Although a positive relationship is found between the two variables, it is understood that more detailed analyses are needed to make a definitive judgment in terms of causality. The study is important in terms of raising awareness of the relationship between digitalization and sustainable development in Türkiye and guiding future research.
Kca3.1-Related Cellular Signalling Involved in Cancer Proliferation
Authors:   Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Biología Experimental (IBE), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Calderón Christian G. , Arvelo Francisco ,   Centro de Biociencias, Fundación Instituto de Estudios Avanzados-IDEA, Estado Miranda, Venezuela,   Laboratorio de Cultivo de Tejidos y Biología de Tumores del IBE, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela
Published: March 2024

Anomalous expression of potassium channels in cancer tissues is associated with several cancer hallmarks that support deregulated proliferation and tumor progression. Ion channels seem to influence cell proliferation; however, the crucial molecular mechanisms involved remain elusive. Some results show how extracellular mitogenic signals modulate ion channel activity through intracellular secondary messengers. It is relevant because we are beginning to understand how potassium channels can affect the proliferative capacity of cells, either in normal mitogen-dependent proliferation or in mitogen-unresponsive proliferation. Calcium- dependent potassium channels have been implicated in cell cycle signaling in many cancerous cell lines. In particular, the so-called intermediate conductance KCa3.1 (IKCa) is reported to play a significant role in uncontrolled cell cycle signaling, among other malignant processes driven by cancer hallmarks. In addition to these features, this channel can be subjected to specific pharmacological regulation, making it a promising cornerstone for understanding the signaling behavior of several types of cancer and as a target for chemotherapeutic approaches. This review is dedicated to the connection of KCa3.1 activity, in canonical and non-canonical ways, to the cell cycle signaling, including the cooperation with calcium channels to generate calcium signals and its role as a mediator of proliferative signals.
Effect of Sowing Date, Scheme and Nutritional Conditions on Glycine Height Grown for Grain
Authors: Nasirova T. , Hajiyeva S.
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of the research conducted on the influence of cultivation factors on the growth of the Biyson variety of soybeans in 2018-2020 in the Absheron region to obtain the grain harvest. In the studies, when the optimal sowing period of soybean was carried out in the 3rd decade of April, in all three sowing schemes, the highest indicator of the height of the plant was at the N60P40+15 tons of manure option. At the mentioned version, the height of the plant, depending on the sowing scheme, was 2.8-4.4 cm at the stage of 4-5 true leaves, 6.2-11.1 at the stage of branching, 4.9-15.9 cm at the stage of budding-flowering, 4.2-14.4 cm in pod formation stage and at the full maturity stage, it was 5.6-26.3 cm taller than the non-fertilized version. This has created conditions for more branching of the plant and the formation of beans, which, in turn, have a substantial effect on the increase in productivity.
Content of Cobalt and Copper in Organs, Tissues and Milk of Buffaloes
Authors: Abdullaev M.
Published: March 2024

The materials for our research were the liver, muscles, blood of buffalo calves (up to one month of age) and the liver, muscles, blood and milk of buffaloes forcedly slaughtered on the farm itself and at the meat processing plant. Samples from the organs were taken into clean beakers, and the milk was milked into pre-prepared containers. Samples were taken in the spring-summer and autumn periods of 2021-2022. Based on the data obtained, the author concluded that the content of cobalt and copper in the organs and tissues of buffalo calves and female buffaloes varies widely. As studies have shown, the cobalt content in buffalo milk was 7.2±0.25 μg/l, and copper 71.35±3.3 μg/l.
Agroecological Characteristics of Irrigated Grass-Gray Soils of the Mil-Mughan Economic Region
Authors: Mammadov G. , Heydarova R.
Published: March 2024

The article provides an interpretation of the agroecological characteristics of irrigated grass-gray soils of the Mil-Mughan economic region and provides extensive information about the physicochemical properties of these soils. Based on studies conducted on irrigated meadow-gray soils, the following results were obtained: the genetic layer of soil 0-55 cm was washed away from easily soluble salts, the humus content in all other genetic layers was 0.3-2.1%, total nitrogen 0.11-0.20%, absorbed bases total 18.0-23.0 mg-eq., physical clay (<0.01 mm) 44.0-65.0%, silt particles (<0.001 mm) 18.0-24.0%, density 1.18-1.32 g/cm3, nitrate nitrogen (N/NO3) 3.0-14.0 mg/kg, ammonia nitrogen (N/NH3) 3.0-20.7 mg/kg, C:N — 6.0-7.0, hygroscopic moisture 9.1-4.6%, CaCO3 8.0-17.0%.
Pericarditis. Causes, Mechanisms of Development, Variants of Course and Therapeutic Approaches in Modern Conditions
Authors: Murkamilov I. , Aitbaev K. , Raimzhanov Z. , Duisheeva G. , Hakimov Sh. , Ymankulov D. , Yusupova Z. , Yusupova T. , Yusupov F.
Published: March 2024

Under physiological conditions, the pericardial cavity contains serous fluid (15-50 ml), which belongs to the plasma ultrafiltrate and is visualized during echocardiography only in systole. The thickness of the pericardium in an adult averages 2 mm (1-3 mm). Inflammatory lesions of the pericardium with or without effusion into its cavity can act as an independent disease, and as a secondary manifestation of another pathological condition. Pericarditis of infectious (14-16%) and non-infectious (15-20%) nature, primary and secondary, acute, chronic and recurrent are commonly distinguished. The prevalence of acute and idiopathic recurrent pericarditis is 27.7 per 100,000 population and 5.4-8.1 per 100,000 population, respectively. Currently, idiopathic recurrent pericarditis belongs to polygenic autoinflammatory diseases, where an important role in the initiation of the pathologic process belongs to the inflammatory cytokine — interleukin-1 (β and α). The most characteristic manifestations of acute pericarditis are chest pain, dyspnea and fever. The article summarizes the main aspects of etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and therapy of pericarditis, including the peculiarities of its treatment taking into account specific conditions. A clinical case demonstrated a case of acute effusion pericarditis with recurrence, which was characterized by rapid progression of heart failure symptoms, as well as systemic manifestations (anemia, hypercytokinemia, marked muscle weakness). The results of echocardiography allowed to identify the presence of pericardial effusion. Steroid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and antibacterial therapy led to the disappearance of pericardial effusion and normalization of the activity of inflammatory markers in serum. However, in the dynamics of observation the attempt to suspend glucocorticoid therapy again led to fluid accumulation in the pericardium, which required continuation of steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Application of Hyaluronic Acid Preparations in Orthopedics and Dentistry
Authors: Yarikov A. , Rumyantseva E. , Khudoshin N. , Sosin A. , Kamnev I. , Khokhlov M. , Prokopiev V. , Kovalenko N. , Klementyev E. , Alidin S. , Korochkin D. , Kostogriz E.
Published: March 2024

The article is a comparative analysis of hyaluronic acid preparations widely used in clinical practice. An analysis of modern literature on the use of “synovial fluid prostheses” for patients with osteoarthritis is presented. The advantages of using intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid preparations are shown. According to indications and in compliance with technical conditions the use of products containing hyaluronic acid and its salts for intra-articular injections can improve the functional state of the joints. The article also describes the use of hyaluronic acid in dentistry for diseases of the temporomandibular joint, inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity, including diseases of periodontal tissue, tooth extraction, osteotomies, etc.
Risk Factors for Bone Fractures in Patients With Comorbid Pathology
Authors: Chyngyshpaev D. , Malevannaya V.
Published: March 2024

Patients with heart failure (HF) have elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), leading to macrophage activation, impaired microvascular function, changes in muscle contraction and fibrosis development. In addition, these proinflammatory cytokines promote bone resorption, thereby increasing the incidence of bone fractures. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor types 1 and 2 (TNF-α-SR1 and TNF-α-SR2) on fracture probability in individuals with osteoporosis who have concurrent chronic heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study was conducted on 178 women aged 50 to 65 years. Among these women, 48 were in group 1 and had both heart failure and type 2 diabetes. Group 2 included 93 patients with osteoporosis and heart failure and group 3 included 37 women with osteoporosis, heart failure and type 2 diabetes. Thirty-five postmenopausal women without any clinical and instrumental signs of cardiovascular pathology or osteoporosis were selected as the control group. The levels of TNF-α-SR1 and TNF-α-SR2 receptors in patient groups 1-3 were significantly higher (p<0.01) than in the control group, as were their concentrations. In addition, it was found that the levels of both receptors were significantly higher in group 3 than in patients in groups 1 and 2. To evaluate the levels of TNF-α-SR1 and TNF-α-SR2, the data were divided into four quartiles (Q1-Q4) based on the increase in the concentrations of these markers. For TNF-α-SR2, an increasing risk gradient was observed, with the odds ratio (OR) for osteoporosis events increasing from 1.4 to 12.83, but the risk was statistically significant only for Q3-Q4. For Q4 TNF-α-SR1 levels, a significant increase in the risk of an adverse osteoporosis outcome at 36 months was also found (OR=5.25, p=0.038). In addition, the use of loop diuretics was found to be a predictor of high risk of osteoporotic fractures in patients with chronic HF (JR=6.29, 95% CI=1.45-17.26, p=0.015). Postmenopausal women with chronic HF and elevated levels of soluble TNF-α-SR1 and TNF-α-SR2 receptors are at higher risk for osteoporosis and adverse disease progression. In addition, the use of loop diuretics in these individuals is associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures.
Social Support in Case of an Outbreak of Coronavirus Infection in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Mamatova K. , Maimerova G. , Abdyzhalieva A. , Asanbek-kyzy Zh.
Published: March 2024

This article provides an analysis of social assistance to families during the outbreak of corona virus infection. The social support provided has played an important role in mitigating the negative consequences for the society of the Kyrgyz Republic. Here are some social support measures that can be taken in such a situation.
Studying the Adaptation of Indian Students in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Filipchenko E. , Sharova E. , Turdieva A. , Turdiev A. , Daher R. , Gulbuddin L.
Published: March 2024

The buccal epithelium is a source of important diagnostic and prognostic information about the state of health, stress, the influence of environmental factors, somatic pathology and adaptation of the body to changing environmental conditions.
Diseases of the Biliary System in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Alymbaev E. , Kozhonazarova G. , Terekhova O. , Malevannaya V. , Ongoeva B. , Kushubekova N.
Published: March 2024

The course of type 1 diabetes in childhood and its prognosis generally depends on the degree of development of metabolic disorders and the functional state of internal organs, in particular the state of the biliary system. The study was conducted at the National Center for Maternal and Child Health. 69 children aged 5 to 17 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus and damage to the biliary system in the form of biliary dyskinesia and hepatic steatosis were examined. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the development and progression of diseases of the biliary system in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus have a direct relationship with the degree of metabolic disorders, in particular with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism.
On the Organization of Medical Care for Persons With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the World and in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Sultanalieva R. , Abylova N.
Published: March 2024

An analysis of the work on organizing medical care for patients with type 2 diabetes in the world and in Kyrgyzstan is presented. Emphasis is placed on primary health care. It was noted that in Kyrgyzstan there were a few government programs aimed at improving the quality of healthcare services. Some existing problems in diabetes care are indicated.
The Potential of Phytotherapy In Managing Dyspepsia: A Narrative Review
Authors: Pratidina Malfa Laila , Levita Jutti
Published: March 2024

Dyspepsia, commonly known as indigestion, is delineated as suffering the manifestations of epigastric pain, nausea, burning, or after-meal fullness. The common therapy for dyspepsia, e.g., proton pump inhibitors or histamine-H2 receptor antagonists, has shown some adverse effects, thus, phytotherapy is currently becoming the drug of interest. Phytotherapy, additionally known as herbal medicine or botanical medicinal drug, includes the use of plant-derived compounds to prevent, alleviate, or therapy for diverse ailments. Most medications commonly used in Chinese traditional medicine or Asian folklore drugs contain mixtures of several plant extracts. Twelve clinical trials reported the effect and safety of phytotherapy on gastrointestinal disorders. Taken together, phytotherapy may be considered safe for the management of dyspepsia with close monitoring of the dose and duration of therapy.
Potential of Malang Robusta Coffee Beans as Anti-breast Cancer In-Vitro
Authors: Utami Novi Fajar , Elya Berna , Hayun Hayun , Kusmardi Kusmardi , Nur Syamsu , Fajriati Annisa
Published: March 2024

Robusta coffee from Malang Regency, East Java is one of the superior products of the largest coffee-producing region in Indonesia. The coffee has high antioxidants. The component that acts as an antioxidant is the tannin content, and these tannins are also anti-cancer. Using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method the tannin content in Malang Robusta coffee beans is known and then to measure its ability as an anticancer in-vitro against breast cancer cells using MCF-7. The results showed that the tannin contained in Malang Robusta coffee bean extract was 2.81 % and inhibited MCF-7 at 400 µg/mL, it has potential as an anticancer with an inhibition value of 68.88 %. Therefore, the use of Robusta coffee from Malang at this concentration can be used as an anti-breast cancer agent.
Optimasi Ultrasound Assisted Extraction Senyawa Flavonoid dari Daun Meniran Menggunakan Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Rusli Zaldy , Yulianita Yulianita , Amalia Nanda Putri
Published: March 2024

Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang banyak digunakan sebagai bahan dalam pengobatan tradisional. Meniran mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang dapat bertindak sebagai antioksidan. Ekstraksi senyawa flavonoid umumnya menggunakan pelarut organik, namun penggunaan pelarut organik dapat membahayakan bagi manusia dan lingkungan, sehingga mendorong penggunaan pelarut lain yang lebih ramah lingkungan, salah satunya adalah Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kombinasi NADES dari kolin klorida dengan beberapa gula alkohol dan menentukan kondisi ekstraksi optimum yang dapat menghasilkan esktrak dengan kadar flavonoid terbaik. Kombinasi NADES yang digunakan adalah kolin klorida dan beberapa gula alkohol. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE). Analisis kadar flavonoid dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kolorimetri dengan pereaksi AlCl3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi NADES 1 yaitu Kolin Klorida-Gliserol menghasilkan kadar flavonoid terbaik dibandingkan dengan kombinasi NADES lainnya dengan kadar flavonoid sebesar 1,965 mg QE/g ekstrak cair dengan kondisi optimum yang didapatkan pada waktu 42 menit, suhu 60 °C dan rasio NADES 90 %.
Prebiotic Activity of Ambon Banana (Musa acuminata (AAA Group) ‘Ambon’) Peel Starch Against Lactobacillus. acidophilus and Escherichia coli In Vitro
Authors: Rusdi Bertha , Yuniarni Umi
Published: March 2024

Prebiotics are compounds with the ability to specifically enhance the population of advantageous bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. Starch is a polysaccharide which has prebiotic activity. Agricultural waste like banana peel contains prebiotic polysaccharides including starch. The prebiotic effect of starch from many varieties of banana peel has been explored by researchers. Although Ambon banana is a variety that is commonly consumed in Indonesia, the prebiotic activity of its peel, particularly the peel starch, has not been studied yet. Thus, this study aims to research the prebiotic activity of Ambon banana peel starch against probiotic bacteria of the Lactobacillus acidophilus and the opportunistic pathogen bacteria of Eschericia coli. In this research, starch was extracted from banana peel (var. pisang Ambon) and prebiotic activity of the starch was tested on L. acidophilus and E. coli. The number of bacteria was calculated at 0 and 24 hours of incubation using plate count methods.The result showed that at the concentration of 1% w/v, Ambon banana peel starch increases the number of L. acidophilus while inhibiting the growth of E. coli. The L. acidophilus culture in the starch-containing media had SCFAs (acetic, butyric and propionic acid) that were known to have good impact to human health.
The Effectiveness of Flavonoids in Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) as Inhibitors of α-Glucosidase Enzyme in Anti-diabetes
Authors: Ginaris Rifkarosita Putri , Fauzah Naimatul Retno
Published: March 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, due to relative and absolute insulin deficiency of the body. Acarbose is a drug that can be used to treat diabetes mellitus, especially type II diabetes mellitus. Type II diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disease that causes 95 % of deaths worldwide. Gude bean extract (Cajanus cajan) is one alternative to the use of natural anti-diabetic medicine, containing saponins, flavonoids, phenolics, and tannins. Flavonoids are antioxidant compounds that have a hypoglycemia effect in people with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to test the inhibitory activity of alpha-glucosidase enzyme from gude bean extract. The enzyme α-glucosidase activity was quantified by measuring the quantity of para-nitrophenol generated at a wavelength of 405 nm. The inhibitory power of the α-glucosidase enzyme was seen from the IC50 value. Gude Bean Extract has the ability to inhibit the enzyme α-glucosidase resulting in an IC50 value of 69.67 ppm strong level activity. Gude Bean Extract has the ability to inhibit the enzyme α-glucosidase resulting in an IC50 value of 69.67 ppm with a strong strength level
Preparation of Single Garlic, Red Ginger, Lemon and Apple Vinegar Combination Tablets By Wet Granulation Method
Authors: Wiendarlina Ike Yulia , Fatmi Mindiya , Indriati Dwi , Novadin Raraseta P
Published: March 2024

Garlic, red ginger, lemon, and apple cider vinegar are spices in Indonesia that can be useful for increasing the body's resistance and preventing degenerative diseases. Tablet preparations are preferred because they are practical, easy to use, and easy to carry anywhere. The aim of this research is to see the effect of differences in the concentration of internal and external disintegrants, binders, gliders, and lubricants in each formula. Tablets are made with the single active ingredients of garlic, red ginger, apple cider vinegar, and lemon. The wet granulation method was chosen because natural materials have poor flow properties, so by using the wet granulation method, the flow rate, compressibility, and binding capacity of the granules can be improved for the better so that they can be molded into tablet preparations. The research results showed that all tablet formulas met the tablet evaluation requirements. The concentration of external and internal disintegrants, binders, gliders, and anti-adherents does not make a difference in flow time or angle of repose but provides different water content values in formula 3.There is an influence of differences in the concentration of additional ingredients on the quality of the tablets produced. The greater the concentration, the better the weight uniformity, the harder the resulting tablet, and the longer the disintegration time. Tablet fragility on F2 is high than formula 1 and 3, but still meets tablet quality requirements.
Saudi women's perspectives on postpartum depression
Authors: Alsulami Asmahan , Orabi Abeer , Timraz Shahrazad
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious disorder that affects women worldwide, making it a crucial public health concern and one of the most prevalent childbirth complications. Assessing the perspectives of Saudi women towards PPD is essential for addressing the issue and developing effective solutions. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of Saudi women about PPD in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Western Region.

Methods

This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional research design and included 226 women recruited through convenience sampling at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Department in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Jeddah. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with 3 main sections: socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge regarding risk factors and symptoms of PPD, and attitude about PPD.

Results

The mean score (SD) of the knowledge scale was 31.8 (6.2) with 53.5% of participants having a good level of knowledge about PPD. The mean score (SD) of the attitude scale was 27.1 (2.8) with 47.3% of participants having a positive attitude towards PPD. Significant differences were identified in the knowledge scale, where women who were postgraduates, working in the health sector and unpregnant scored higher in the knowledge scale compared to others (P = .008,P = .02, &P = .008, respectively).

Discussion

The findings of this study indicate that women's knowledge about PPD was generally good; however, many of them held negative attitudes towards PPD. These findings underscore the importance of proper education to improve mental health literacy and address prejudices and negative stereotypes related to PPD among Saudi women.