bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crop insurance effects on the farms’ production and investment indicators in Lithuania
Authors: Namiotko Virginia , Galnaitytė Aistė , Kriščiukaitienė Irena , Koç Ahmet Ali
Published: March 2023

The study aims at evaluating crop insurance effects on the farms’ production and investment indicators in Lithuania. The Common Agricultural Policy after 2020 considers measures helping farmers to adapt to climate change. For this reason, it is essential to evaluate existing risk management measures in order to propose appropriate schemes for the next programming period. In order to evaluate crop insurance effects on the farms’ production and investment indicators farm-level, data from Farm Accountancy Data Network dataset and propensity score matching approach was used. Study period was 2008–2017. The study revealed that participation in crop insurance schemes was influenced by the factors such as age of the farmer, wealth, specialization, and location of the farm. The study also demonstrated that crop insurance did not show statistically significant effects on the selected farms’ indicators. The main reason was support from the national and EU funds.
Evaluation of small-scale farmland water conservancy construction mode in China
Authors: Hambebo Belachew D. , Li Hui
Published: March 2023

This study aims to evaluate the construction mode of small-scale farmland water conservancy using secondary data from the China statistical yearbook (2000–2019), which was simply and statistically computed. To put it briefly, the simple linear regression model was used to analyse the number of small-scale reservoirs and irrigated areas relative to their capacities and effectiveness. The results showed that the number of small-scale reservoirs increased by 122.2 units of their capacity and the number of small-scale irrigated areas increased by 6.8 units of their effectiveness. The present study introduces the simple linear regression model and accounts for how the number of the small-scale reservoirs and irrigated areas has increased (the total number of reservoirs was 83,260 in 2000 and 98,822 in 2018) relative to their capacity and effectiveness, respectively. Of course, the capacity of water harvesting and the effectiveness of irrigated areas have shown a linear increase over time. Between 2000 and 2019, the capacity increased from 3842 to 7117 for large-scale reservoirs, from 746 to 126 for medium-scale reservoirs, and from 594 to 710 for small-scale reservoirs and their ranges were 3.2, 380, and 116, respectively. Furthermore, the findings of this evaluation provide insights for making decisions on water conservancy interventions.
Spatial variability study of rainfal lin Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
Authors: Mouthon-Bello Javier A. , Quiñones-Bolaños Edgar , Ortiz-Corrales Jairo E. , Mouthon-Barraza Natalia , Hernández-Fuentes Maria D.J. , Caraballo-Meza Andrea C.
Published: March 2023

Precipitation is a component of the hydrological cycle, knowing its spatial distribution is vital for the management of hydrographic basins, the territory and the development of fundamental activities for society. That is why the present study shows the spatial variability of rainfall in Cartagena de Indias city with a network of rain gauges, made up of nine pieces of equipment, separated from each other by 0.9–27 km. After a year of recording (2019), using historical series of data, it was found that the maximum rainfall occurs in the trimester between September and November, with interpolated maps made by the Ordinary Kriging (OK) method it was found that the maximum rainfall is focused on the north, centre and west of the territory, instead, the maximum intensities are presented in the centre and west, the minimums for both variables are presented to the east and south. The 70 and 90% of the rain events have a duration of less than 30 min and 1 h, respectively. Three-parameter exponential function was fitted to the paired correlation distances, and presented correlations lower than 0.8, 0.5 and 0.2 from distances of 1, 3 and 7 km, respectively, in 30 min rain integration. It was also found that with a pluviometric network conformed by at least six pieces of equipment and separated by a 5 km distance from each other in the urban area, a correlation of 0.5 and compliance with the WMO recommendations would be obtained.
Effect of a static magnetic fieldon Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth in wastewater containing phenol and p-chlorophenol
Authors: Rutkowska-Narożniak Anna , Pajor Elżbieta
Published: March 2023

The effect of a static magnetic field (MF) of 7 mT with phenol (P) or p-chlorophenol (p-chP) concentrations of 100 mg∙dm –3 on the proliferation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast was investigated. The abundance of the microorganism was determined under static culture conditions on a YPG medium with or without the addition of P or p-chP and exposed or unexposed to the MF over 48 h of the experiment. A static MF of 7 mT was shown to have a stimulating effect on S. cerevisiae cell proliferation after 24 h. It was proved that P and p-chP were used as an additional carbon source by yeasts. The greatest stimulation of the growth of the studied microorganisms was observed under the simultaneous effect of an MF and in presence of either P or p-chP. It was generally about 2 times higher at the time of the study than in the control. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out using, among other things, analysis of variance (ANOVA). A statistically significant difference in the growth of the tested microorganisms was observed. The study results indicate the possibility of applying an MF of 7 mT to enhance the process of phenol and p-chlorophenol removal from industrial wastewater.
Agroecological assessment of agricultural soils fertility in the Iglinsky region, the Russian Federation
Authors: Kiseleva Anna , Asylbaev Ilgiz , Khasanov Ayrat , Mirsayapov Ramil , Kurmashev Nadezhda
Published: March 2023

The article provides an assessment of soil fertility indicators of agricultural lands in the northern foreststeppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan within the Iglinsky region (Russian Federation). The content of humus, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, the thickness of the humus horizon, granulometric composition, morphological properties and soil washout were studied. It was revealed that the soil-forming process occurs on rocks of different ages and genesis, such as diluvial carbonate and carbonate-free clays and heavy loams, limestone eluvium, sandstone eluvium and alluvial deposits, which determine the diversity of the soil cover. In the study area, water erosion processes are developing, influenced by anthropogenic and natural factors such as planar and linear washout on slopes with a steepness of more than 2–3° and high ploughing of agricultural land. In terms of humus content, low-humus and medium-humus soils are widespread, accounting for 45.5 and 40%, respectively. The soil map was corrected and digitised to identify the main types and subtypes of soils, indicating the varieties at a scale of 1: 25,000. Digitised maps, taking into account the current state of soil fertility, are used to develop projects for inter-farm and intra-farm land management of organisations of the agro-industrial complex, state cadastral valuation of agricultural land, determination of land tax and development of measures to improve soil fertility.
Evaluating four remote sensing based models to estimate latent heat flux in semi-arid climate for heterogeneous surface coverage of western Algeria
Authors: Oualid Tewfik A. , Hamimed Abderrahmane , Khaldi Abdelkader
Published: March 2023

Optimal estimation of water balance components at the local and regional scales is essential for many applications such as integrated water resources management, hydrogeological modelling and irrigation scheduling. Evapotranspiration is a very important component of the hydrological cycle at the soil surface, particularly in arid and semi-arid lands. Mapping evapotranspiration at high resolution with internalised calibration (METRIC), trapezoid interpolation model (TIM), two-source energy balance (TSEB), and soil-plant-atmosphere and remote sensing evapotranspiration (SPARSE) models were applied using Landsat 8 images for four dates during 2014–2015 and meteorological data. Surface energy maps were then generated. Latent heat flux estimated by four models was then compared and evaluated with those measured by applying the method of Bowen ratio for the various days. In warm periods with high water stress differences and with important surface temperature differences, METRIC proves to be the most robust with the root-mean-square error ( RMSE) less than 40 W∙m –2. However, during the periods with no significant surface temperature and soil humidity differences, SPARSE model is superior with the RMSE of 35 W∙m –2. The results of TIM are close to METRIC, since both models are sensitive to the difference in surface temperature. However, SPARSE remains reliable with the RMSE of 55 W∙m –2 unlike TSEB, which has a large deviation from the other models. On the other hand, during the days when the temperature difference is small, SPARSE and TSEB are superior, with a clear advantage of SPARSE serial version, where temperature differences are less important.
Natural coagulation as an alternative to raw water treatment
Authors: Villabona-Ortíz Ángel , Tejada-Tovar Candelaria , Ortega-Toro Rodrigo , Dager Natalia Licona , Anibal Marta Millan
Published: March 2023

The availability of drinking water is one of the several problems humans face, considering that its availability is reduced to 0.80% of the existing fresh water. Then, coagulation-flocculation is a stage of this treatment. It is a process that agglomerates the suspended particles in a larger (floc) that could be separated by sedimentation and filtration processes to make the water drinkable. So, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of the dose of coagulant of yam starch ( Dioscorea rotundata) and the speed of agitation in the turbid water treatment process. For which the yam starch was extracted by implementing two methods which were NaOH and H2O, using centrifugation at 1500 rpm for 10 min, and adjusting the pH with HCl and NaOH 0.20 M, for later determining the effect of agitation speed (rpm) and coagulant concentration (ppm) on the percentage of turbidity removal, pH, and colour, to be compared with a synthetic coagulant. A yield of 42.60% was found in the wet base. The natural coagulants extracted with NaOH presented better turbidity removal, with a percentage of 92.48% at an agitation speed of 40 rpm and a concentration of 250 ppm. It can be concluded that natural yam coagulant can be recommended for use in the coagulation stage in the raw water treatment process for subsequent conversion to drinking water.
Nitrogen relationships in Polish cropping systems
Authors: Faber Antoni , Jarosz Zuzanna , Jędrejek Anna , Kopiński Jerzy
Published: March 2023

Based on FAO data, the paper presents trends in nitrogen (N) input and output in Poland. As N input ( N inp), nitrogen from mineral fertilisers, manure application, biological fixation, and deposition was included. The N outputs ( N out) include the N contained in crop harvest (main products and by-products). The trend analyses were carried out for the period before (1961–1989) and after (1990–2018) the changes in the political and economic systems. Additionally, trends in the nitrogen use efficiency ( NUE) and nitrogen surpluses ( N S) are presented for these periods. In both compared periods, the mean values of N budget indicators in Poland were (kg N∙ha –1 UAA): N inp 120 and 125, N out 61 and 84, N S 60 and 41 and NUE 53 and 67%, respectively. The estimated Y max, which represents the N out value reached at saturating N fertilisation, reached the values of 127 and 263 kg N∙ha –1 UAA in these periods. The difference in these values suggests a significant impact of agronomy improvement on N out in the recent period. The trends of nitrogen within 16 regions in period 2002–2019, based on national data, resulted in a significant variation in N indicators. The values found were in the following ranges (kg N∙ha –1 UAA): N inp 78–167; N out 62–99; N S 15–83 and Y max 139–317. The NUE ranged from 50–81%. The obtained results indicate that in Poland and its regions there is still a need to improve of the nitrogen efficiency.
The study of the fertilising power of urban sludge from the Dar Gueddari Wastewater Treatment Plant: Case of maize ( Zea mays)
Authors: Griou Hajar , Njimat Smail , El Fettahi Fouad , Lhcen Samira Ait Lhaj , Aboulouafa Mohammed , Ahmed Said Ibn
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study is to recover sludge from the Dar Gueddari sewage treatment plant and use it in the cultivation of corn in the open field on clay soil. To do this, four doses were tested against two types of controls: a control without addition of sludge and another with the addition of nitrogen-based fertilisers (200 kg N, 100 kg P and 100 kg K). The short-term effects indicated that the application of the sludge had a beneficial effect on the fertilising qualities of the soil and therefore on the crop yield. The monitoring of the agronomic parameters of the maize plant showed that the growths and the yields varied according to doses of the sludge. In grain yield, the difference between plot E4 and E0 was around 3.3 Mg∙ha –1. In addition, the plots treated with large sludge doses experienced improvements in total nitrogen and organic matter. During the second season, the results obtained showed decrease in nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). It emerged from the C:N ratio which was 8. This indicated a good mineralisation of the organic matter (OM) which was average of 2.48 ±0.04% and 2.5 ±0.01%, respectively in the E4 and E5 treatments. In addition, the amounts of N, P and Ca in dry matter (DM) increased with increasing the dose of sludge. During the 2017 season, the highest values were detected in plot E5 with averages of 1.6% in N and 0.53% in P.
Cross-waves and pulsating flows in the side-channel spillway – an experimental approach
Authors: Azmeri Azmeri , Ummah Chairatun , Jemi Faris Zahran , Faudli Imam , Nasaiy Qurratul 'Aini Benti
Published: March 2023

Potentially hazardous side-channels of complex geometry need to be investigated using detailed hydraulic physical models. This study aims to analyse the cross-waves pattern and pulsating flow using a side-channel spillway physical model. This study compares the cross-waves pattern were measured using an experimental installation set to generate cross-waves on the surface (original series) with another structure that did not produce cross-waves (modified series). The results showed that the geometry of the left wall caused instability in flow patterns and secondary flows. The starting point of Q 2 discharge was detected by minor turbulence on the water surface near the left wall at a water depth of 3.3 m at the starting point of the wall, but with no overtopping. Cross-waves formed downstream at the right wall crosswise, lower than at the left wall. The height of the cross-wave increased substantially from Q 100 to Q 1000 discharges leading to overtoppings near the left wall at a water depths of 4.2 and 5.0 m at the starting point of the wall, and near the right wall at a water depths of 3.8 and 4.0 m at the upstream point of the wall. The modifications provided optimal hydraulic conditions, i.e. elimination of cross-waves and non-uniform flows. The Vedernikov and Montouri numbers showed that both original and modified series did not enter the area where the pulsating flow occurred. This indicated that both series were free from the pulsating flow.
Assessment of trace elements pollution in snow piles removed from residential areas in Perm, Russia
Authors: Ushakova Evgeniya , Menshikova Elena , Karavaeva Tatiana , Puzik Alexey , Volkova Margarita , Vaganov Sergey
Published: March 2023

Atmospheric deposition, vehicular transportation and de-icing agents are major sources polluted snow in urban. This study investigates the current trace elements concentrations of snow and de-icing using ICP-MS, and phytotoxicity using three vascular plants in snow. The study assesses the contamination, classification and phytotoxicity of snow quality removed from roads of residential areas and piled on children’s playgrounds in residential territories. The research found that according to Russian environmental quality standard for water has been identified the exceeding trace elements in snow by W, Se, Mn, Cu, V, Mo, Ni and Zn. The pollution indices ( PLI, CF and Zc) were identified pollution level of snow piles from moderate contamination to very high contamination. Based on average germination index values for Sinapis alba L., Lepidium sativum L., and Triticum aestivum L., the degree of inhibition in snow piles varied from no inhibition to strong inhibition. The trace elements content in de-icing “Galit А” and salt sand mix are defined in the following descending order: Zn > Mn > Ba > V > Rb > Sr and Mn > Ba > Cr > V > Sr > Ni, respectively. High concentrations of trace elements in snow piles are a source of environmental pollution. To prevent snow storage and disposal in residential areas should be involved in future studies of environmental pollution and circular economy, so that environmental managers can reduce threats to the environment and public health, as well as initiate circular economy projects in urban areas.
Effect of proline and humic acid application in salinity stress mitigation on some vegetables in hydroponics
Authors: Abd-Elhakim Ahmed I.
Published: March 2023

The research aimed to find suitable solutions to reduce the salinity stress of irrigation water for some types of vegetables in hydroponics under two drip and mist irrigation systems. The different concentrations of NaCl for irrigation water, are 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000 ppm used. Proline (30 mg∙dm –3), humic acid (300 mg∙dm –3) and compared without any from them were used to study their effect on the yield, and water use efficiency. The results indicated that the highest spinach and courgette yield (4.657 and 5.153 kg∙m –2) was observed for the DP500 treatment, and the lowest yield (0.348 and 0.634 kg∙m –2) was observed for the SW4000 treatment, respectively. The use of humic acid led to an increased yield on average by about 16.8 and 19.3% for spinach, and 39.4 and 51.7% for courgette, under drip and mist irrigation, respectively. Using proline led to an increased average yield of about 32.9 and 33% for spinach, and 51.8 and 58.4% for courgette, under drip and mist irrigation, respectively. The highest water use efficiency (WUE) of spinach and courgette (43.1 and 51.5 kg∙m –3) was observed for the DP500 treatment, and the lowest (3.2 and 6.3 kg∙m –3) was observed for the SW4000 treatment. According to our study, the use of proline and humic acid could compensate for the adverse effects of salinity under mist spraying more than drip irrigation.
About Botulism in Romania
Authors: Ahmad Ghaidaa , Severin Beatrice , Mocanu Elena , Martinescu Alina , Adumitresi Cecilia , Radulescu Ninela , Hanzu-Pazara Loredana
Published: March 2023

Each year, in many parts of the world, foodborne disease represents a significant cause of hospitalization. According to World Health Organization, foodborne botulism is a potentially fatal disease caused by a variety of foods, contaminated with different neurotoxins related to Clostridium botulinum. In Romania foodborne botulism appears every year with many cases compared to other European countries. Because botulism is caused by the most toxic natural substances known, every case is a public health emergency and every suspected case must be reported. In this study we wanted to evaluate the particularities of botulism cases in Romania.
The Default Case in Czech
Authors: Čakányová Michaela
Published: March 2023

This paper addresses the issue of a non-assigned case in Czech. This so-called default case can be found in many languages and its behavior seems to be largely determined by the type of the given language. English, being a poor case language, does not have many options for the default; it is basically the nominative or accusative that are somehow available. Czech, on the other hand, being a rich case language, offers a greater variety. The paper considers special environments where case is not assigned, such as those suggested by Schütze (2001) for English. From these, only the left-dislocation seems to be the right environment for the default case in Czech. Moreover, we consider post copular DPs, which show a competition of the nominative and the instrumental. The former proves to be the default option for Czech.
Síndrome do Pequeno Poder, uma Violência Sistêmica: quando se exacerba com violência os limites da função delegada
Authors: De Souza Vianna Gilberto , Abatepaulo de Faria Marta
Published: March 2023

Regras legais fazem parte da vida social e atividades de segurança e controle são necessárias para a garantia de direitos, mas quando estas são extrapoladas pode-se ter um poder indevido exercido sobre outro indivíduo -  sendo mais grave quando exercido por agentes públicos. O presente artigo busca analisar a chamada síndrome do pequeno poder e suas consequências, assim como identificar questões que possam afetar a segurança pública e a própria estrutura burocrática do Estado. Para tanto, é realizada uma revisão bibliográfica que discute a formação do Estado moderno e a polícia como sua representante, conceitos de poder e violência e possíveis explicações para o exercício do poder indevido. É importante a manutenção do debate social sobre direitos civis e a capacitação adequada dos profissionais que exercem funções com alguma autoridade.
О коллекции пресноводных моллюсков Н.К. Алексеева из Калининградской области (Россия)
Authors: Манаков Д.В.
Published: March 2023

В статье описывается коллекция водных моллюсков, собранная с 1972 г. по 1985 г. ихтиологом Калининградского технического института рыбной промышленности и хозяйства (КТИ РПиХ) Николаем Константиновичем Алексеевым (1910–1985) в западной части Калининградской области и в районе поселка Переславское (центр Самбийского полуострова и одноименной возвышенности). Коллекция хранилась 30 лет в Калининградском государственном техническом университете (КГТУ) в Музее имени гидробиолога (проф.) Н.С. Гаевской и состоит из двух частей: экспозиционной – раковины 37 видов моллюсков (двустворчатые и брюхоногие), а также не экспозиционной – 174 пробы двустворчатых моллюсков (Sphaeriidae и Pisidiidae). Всего нами было определено 139 проб (с сохранившимися этикетками), в которых было установлено 16 видов малоразмерных двустворчатых моллюсков из 24 возможных из водоемов региона. Приводится краткое биографическое описание творческой и трудовой деятельности Н.К. Алексеева и анализируется опыт изучения моллюсков в Калининградской области. Обсуждается значение этой коллекции, а также вклад Н.К. Алексеева в изучение водных моллюсков Калининградской области. Ключевые слова: Николай Константинович Алексеев, Калининградская область, Самбийский полуостров, пресноводные моллюски, коллекция, шаровки, горошинки, Sphaeriidae, Pisidiidae.
Komplet üretra rüptürüyle birlikte olan penil fraktür
Authors: Çiftçi Osman Çağatay , Ogreden Ercan , Tok Doğan Sabri , Karadayı Mehmet , Oğuz Ural , Demirelli Erhan
Published: March 2023

Penile fracture with complete urethral rupture OBJECTIVES: Penile fracture is a trauma that develops as a result of the rupture of the corpus cavernosum by forcing the erect penis to bend and twist and requires emergency surgery. Urethral trauma accompanies penile fracture in 1–40% of cases. In this study, we aimed to present a case of penile fracture with complete urethral rupture. CASE REPORT: A 51-year-old male patient presented to the emergency service with the complaints of sudden loss of erection, bruising and pain in the penile shaft after a cracking sound during coitus. Physical examination revealed limited ecchymosis and swelling in the penile shaft and hemorrhage in the external urethral meatus. Urethrography was performed on the patient due to urethrography. On urethrography, it was observed that there was contrast extravasation from the middle urethra. The patient was operated in the early period. In the midpenile region, it was observed that there were ruptures of approximately 1 cm in both corpus cavernosum and complete rupture in the urethra. Cavernosal ruptures and urethral rupture were repaired. At the postoperative 6th month follow-up, the patient had no erectile dysfunction and voiding symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The “crackling sound” heard during coitus, severe pain and penile detumescence are typical clinical findings of penile fracture. If there are symptoms of bleeding in the meatus, hematuria and difficulty in voiding, urethral trauma should be considered. In these patients, urethral repair is also required during the operation. Keywords: penile fracture, urethral rupture, urethrorrhagia
Prostat kanserinde minimal invaziv cerrahi tedavi sonrası erektil disfonksiyonun güncel literatür eşliğinde değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Yorulmaz Enis Mert , Akın Yiğit
Published: March 2023

Evaluation of erectile dysfunction after minimally invasive surgical treatment in prostate cancer with current literature Prostate cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers in men; Its prevalence is increasing gradually as a result of developing diagnostic methods. There are also new treatment methods that follow the developing diagnostic methods. The most common complication after prostate cancer treatment is erectile dysfunction. With the decrease in the age of diagnosis, this complication is more important and is being discussed today. In this review, we will present the effect of minimally invasive surgical treatments applied in prostate cancer on erectile function in the light of current literature. Keywords: prostate cancer, laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, robotassisted radical prostatectomy, erectile dysfunction
APPROACH OF TRANSNASAL ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT OF ISOLATED SPHENOIDITIS
Authors:   National Medical Center «Shifobakhsh», Dushanbe, Tajikistan, IKROMOV M.K. , NAZIRMADOVA M.B. ,   National Medical Center «Shifobakhsh», Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of endoscopic transnasal access in the treatment of isolated sphenoiditis Methods: For the period 2015-2017, 8 patients with isolated sphenoiditis aged from 22 to 55 years (mean age – 38.5 years) were examined. Of these, 4 patients suffered from the chronic exudative process, 1 – the proliferative form of sphenoiditis, and in 3 patients acute exudative sphenoiditis was diagnosed. The choice of method of treatment depended on the history of the disease, endoscopic and CT-examination data. Results: Three patients with acute exudative and two with chronic exudative sphenoiditis are prescribed conservative treatment. In one observation, under the general endotracheal anaesthesia, sphenoidotomy was performed transseptal for the free clearance of the sinus cavity from pathologically proliferatively altered masses. Two patients with chronic exudative sphenoiditis underwent a minimally invasive endoscopic transnasal dissection of the anterior wall of the sphenoid sinus with a catheter inserted into the sphenoidal sinus cavity through this window to evacuate the pus, wash the sinus and introduction of the medicinal substances. There were no complications in the immediate postoperative period. Conclusion: The current study shows that the use of minimally invasive transnasal endoscopic treatment with catheterization of sphenoid sinus in patients with isolated exudative sphenoiditis can be considered an optimal and relatively safe method. Keywords: Isolated sphenoiditis, endoscope, computed tomography..
RADICAL SINGLE-STAGE OPERATIONS AT INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION, CAUSED BY THE TUMOR OF THE LEFT HALF PART OF THE LARGE INTESTINE (CURRENT STATUS OF THE PROBLEMS)
Authors:   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, MUSOEV D. A. , GULOV M.K. ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, KALMYKOV E.L. ,   Department of Science, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, DOSTIEV A.R. ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, MUKHABBATOV D.K. ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, KURBANOV D.M. ,   Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

In more than 40% of cases, colon cancer (CС) is diagnosed in stages III-IV, at the same time the resectability reaches 70-80%. The main priority of surgical intervention by obturation of intestinal obstruction at the first stage is the bowel emptying from the contents and the elimination of its obstruction. Intraoperative entero- and colon lavage with subsequent colosorption facilitate single-stage surgical interventions. When treating patients with decompensated intestinal obstruction, preference is given to more sparing and multi-stage surgical interventions. The key point of the operation is the removal of the tumor in full volume R0. Segmental left-sided colectomy can be performed in the presence of adequate edges of R0, as well as the conduct of lymphadenectomy. In the case of the presence of a locally advanced process involving neighboring organs, it is possible to perform a so-called «curative resection», an «an block» resection with complete or partial removal of the involved organs together with the tumor. In patients with compensated and subcompensated intestinal obstruction, it is possible to perform intestinal resection with the formation of a primary anastomosis. In recent years, endosurgical techniques for restoring the passage of intestinal contents, which can be considered as a method of preparing the patient for radical treatment, have become very popular in the treatment of patients with tumour obstruction. The possibility of open treatment of patients suffering from CC largely depends on the presence or absence of metastases in the liver. If their presence, in some cases, it is possible to perform anatomical resections of the affected areas of the liver. Early postoperative results of surgical treatment of patients after removal of large intestine tumours largely depend on the full preparation of the intestine, the presence of concomitant diseases, as well as the ways of protection of the anastomosis and its type. Keywords: Intestinal obstruction, intestinal anastomosis, colon cancer, one-stage operations on the large intestine.
EPIDEMIOLOGY, RISK FACTORS AND DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Authors:   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikista, GULOV M.K. , RAFIEV KH.K. ,   Department of Epidemiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, ABDULLOEV S.M. ,   Department of Epidemiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: Analysis of the literature shows that the number of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) increases every year. To date known more than twenty renal diseases, the end of clinical manifestation of which is CRF. Studies of recent years show that in CRF genesis and progression leading role plays arterial hypertension, smoking, age, male sex, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, some autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders of calcium and phosphorus, the use of nephrotoxic drugs, the effects of psycho-emotional and oxidative stress, malfunction of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, etc. At the present stage, for diagnosis of violations of the glomerular filtration rate, ordered ten, most important of them - Cystatin C method. Another non-invasive method is doppler ultrasound. In spite of this, the issues of early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease remain to the end not studied and not solved, which requires the development of new working algorithms. Keywords: Chronic renal failure, epidemiology, glomerular filtration rate, cystatin C, outcomes.
RESULTS OF ASSESSMENT OF SERVICES ON DETECTION AND DIAGNOSTICS OF TUBERCULOSIS PROVIDED TO PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV
Authors:   Department of Infectious Diseases, HIV/AIDS and Dermatovenereology, Kyrgyz State Medical Institute for Retraining and Advanced Studies, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republ, AKMATOVA B.A.
Published: March 2023

Objective: Assessment of services to detect and diagnose of tuberculosis (TB) people living with HIV (PLHIV). Methods: Service evaluation conducted on four sites attracted in this study. Conducted semi-structured interviews in small groups with staff (32 people) and 20 PLHIV (including 7 patients with TB/HIV) aged 28-59 years; analysis of retrospective program monitoring data from the electronic tracking system (ETS) for cases of HIV infection for the year 2015. Data analysis of the survey of PLHIV carried out with the help of the EpiInfo program. The data interviews of key partners and medical staff were grouped by topics. The data of the ETS adjusted from the medical records of the patients. The extraction of data from the ETS system was carried out in an impersonal and aggregated form. The study design is convergent. Results: The percentage of PLHIV who have undergone clinical screening for tuberculosis during their last visit ranges from 57% to 79%, and among PLHIV who use injecting drugs, 67% to 83%. The percentage of PLHIV who underwent X-ray examination in 2015 ranged from 53% to 96%, and among PLHIV using injecting drugs, from 52% to 94%. The process of diagnosing tuberculosis in PLHIV is sometimes delayed due to a number of barriers preventing modern collections of services for tuberculosis. Conclusion: Close cooperation and continuity between the TB service, AIDS services and primary health care to allow improved the detection and diagnosis of tuberculosis in PLHIV. Keywords: Tuberculosis, HIV infection, people living with HIV, interview, clinical screening for tuberculosis.
SHORT-TERM CHEMOTHERAPY REGIMEN OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Authors:   Department for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, National Center for Phthisiology, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, ZHDANOVA E.V. , TURDUMAMBETOVA G.K. ,   Department of Phthisiology, I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the clinical course of tuberculosis (TB) with multiple drug resistance (MDR) in the treatment of short-term courses recommended by the WHO. Methods: Design of research – a retrospective study of 42 (100%) patients of both sexes aged 18-62 years who were on stationary and then in outpatient treatment with short-term courses in 2017 and received a short course of chemotherapy for MDR TB (4-6 CmMfxPtoCfzZEH / 5 MfxPtoCfzZE) recommended by WHO. Results: According to the data on treatment outcomes, 4 (9.6%) of the patient because of the serious undesirable setting have been withdrawn from therapy. Out of 33 (78.6%) people with positive sputum test, smear conversion to negative was detected in 1 month already in half of the patients; of 99.2% of patients at the end of 3 months of chemotherapy, the destruction of pulmonary parenchyma persisted in 66.7% of patients. A favorable outcome of therapy was achieved in 73.8%, an unfavorable outcome occurred in 7.1% of cases. 3 (7.1%) of the patient fell out of sight, and 2 (4.8%) patients still continue treatment. Conclusion: The question of the efficacy of treatment with a short course of chemotherapy in Kyrgyzstan remains open, more objective answers will be given after a long detailed and voluminous analysis of the research conducted. Quite optimistic preliminary results obtained by us, we can say that a shorter duration of treatment will allow access to a more likely effective treatment, so as to reduce the high moment rates of portability treatment in patients. Although it is necessary to further confirm the effectiveness of these expectations it should not listen to the obstacle to the implementation of WHO recommendations. Keywords: Drug-resistant tuberculosis, multiple drug resistance, short courses of chemotherapy.
MALNUTRITION INDEX DEFICIENCY AS ONE OF THE PREDICTORS OF TUBERCULOSIS DEVELOPMENT IN THE COUNTRY WITH A HIGH BURDEN OF DISEASE
Authors:   Institute of Postgraduate Education in Healthcare of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, MIRZOEVA F.O. , NURALIEV M.M. ,   Republican Center for the Protection of the Population from Tuberculosis, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: March 2023

Objective: The comparative study of nutrition index in healthy persons and TB patients, residents of different regions of Tajikistan and determination of the relationship between the degree of protein-energy insufficiency of the body and the transition of latent tuberculosis into an active form of the disease. Methods: Under surveillance were 390 healthy persons and 200 patients with active tuberculosis, residents of different regions of Tajikistan. Comparable groups by sex, age characteristics and geography of places of residence were quite representative. All observed healthy subjects were put a tuberculin sample intradermally with 2 TE of the drug "TUBERCULIN PPD" according to a standard procedure. The diagnosis of tuberculosis made based on clinical and radiological data, as well as the results of sputum microscopy and its study on the GeneXpertRIF apparatus. All observed persons (healthy and sick with tuberculosis) were subjected to biochemical blood tests and trophological status calculations using standard formulas. Results: A tuberculin sample showed that of the 390 observed persons, 260 (66.7%) had a negative response, while the remaining 130 (33.3%) had a different reaction to a different degree. The nutrition status only 17.7% of healthy individuals corresponded to the graduation of light undernourishment whereas among sick patients with tuberculosis the insufficiency of food revealed 77.0% of cases, including 43.5% – light, 27.0% – medium and in 6.5% – a serious degree. Examining of the presence of infection with MTB and malnutrition status among the survey revealed that of 69 people with mild malnutrition in 41 (10.5%), the results of the tuberculin sample were positive. Conclusion: Infection of MTB according to the tuberculin sample is detected in one third of adults used by the studied persons. Individuals with a combination of malnutrition and positive tuberculin test results are at risk for developing tuberculosis, and they should conduct a course of chemoprophylaxis and improve the quality of nutrition. The majority of tuberculosis patients showed malnutrition, which testifies the importance of this starting mechanism of transition from a latent to an active form of the disease. Keywords: Nutrition index, tuberculosis, predictors, biochemical blood test, tuberculin sample.
CAN PERSONALITY TYPE MODERATE THE EFFECT OF AUDITOR EXPERIENCE AND TIME PRESSURE ON PROFESSIONAL SKEPTICISM?
Authors: Sebastian Ivan , Trisnawati Estralita
Published: March 2023

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengalaman auditor, tekanan waktu terhadap sikap skeptis profesional dengan tipe kepribadian sebagai pemoderasi untuk KAP yang berdomisili di wilayah Jabodetabek. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebesar 100 orang auditor. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan diolah dengan menggunakan software SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil Penelitian menemukan bahwa tipe kepribadian terhadap sikap skeptis profesional serta tipe kepribadian mempengaruhi positif moderasi pengalaman auditor terhadap sikap skeptis profesional. Variabel lainnya tidak berpengaruh.
THE EFFECT OF PROFITABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ON THE DISCLOSURE OF CARBON EMISSIONS WITH MANAGERIAL OWNERSHIP AS A MODERATING VARIABLE
Authors: Hamdiyani Andi Nurlailiah
Published: March 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability and environmental performance on the disclosure of carbon emissions with managerial ownership as moderating. The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the IDX and listed on the PROPER rating of the Ministry of Environment for the period 2016 – 2019. The sample selection used the purposive sampling method, obtained a sample of 20 companies. The data analysis technique used is hierarchical moderating regression analysis. The results show that environmental performance and profitability have a positive effect on disclosure of carbon emissions and managerial ownership is able to moderate profitability and environmental performance on disclosure of carbon emissions.
ACCOUNTING ANALYSIS FOR CRYPTO-ASSETS BASED ON IFRS
Authors: Pramana I Gede Githa Adhi , Mayangsari Sekar , Oktris Lin
Published: March 2023

Crypto-asset has begun to develop and is starting to be widely owned by people and institution around the world. Since 2020, government of Indonesia throught Bappebti regulate Crypto-asset transaction as future contract. This is a phenomenon in view of the need for accounting treatment for Crypto-asset transactions. This research attempts to explore transaction characteristic of Crypto-asset with the approach and review of IAS and focus on the accounting treatment for cryptocurrency. The purpose of this study is to conduct a study of accounting for Crypto-asset based on the applicable IAS. This study uses a review literature model to find out accounting for Crypto-asset. The results of the study indicate that the most common treatment for Crypto-asset is as Intangible Asset and Inventory since the used of Crypto-asset until now mostly as investment and trading in contract futures.
A New Minimally Invasive Procedure for Muscle, Back, Neck Pain and Radiculopathy - The Myofascial Nerve Block
Authors: S Omoigui , A Fadare
Published: March 2023

This is the first description of a procedure targeting the myofascial tissues since Janet Travell’s description of myofascial trigger points in 1942. However unlike trigger point injections, this minimally invasive myofascial nerve injection is performed differently and targets the myofascial tissues, peripheral innervations, posterior spinal structures and spinal nerve roots at the same time. It is different from a trigger point injection that aims to block trigger points within a muscle. Prolonged standing or sitting, posture and other multiple factors can create recurrent injuries with attendant inflammation and episodically aggravate pain. Thus there is a need for a simple intervention technique that can be performed from the medical clinic to the battlefield to quickly relieve inflammation and prevent chronic pain.
About some actual problems of the organization and activity of the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation on participation in international cooperation
Authors: Cherepanov Maksim Mukhtarzhanovich , Byvaltseva Svetlana Gennadievna
Published: March 2023

The subject of the study is the materials of prosecutorial practice, as well as the norms of current laws and international legal acts of the Russian Federation. The object of research in the article is some current topical problems of the participation of the Russian Prosecutor's Office in international cooperation. According to the authors, at present, the activity of prosecutors in the field under consideration cannot be called a perfect line of activity of the domestic prosecutor's office. The problems of subjective (lack of necessary practical experience of participation in international cooperation among individual prosecutors) and objective (shortcomings in legal regulation, scientific and theoretical shortcomings, the geopolitical situation in the world, and others) are investigated. Based on the results of the study of these problems, the necessity of their mandatory solution is emphasized and the author's vision of some complex ways to overcome them is proposed. At the same time, the authors propose to pay special attention to improving the regulatory framework, continuing the diplomatic policy of the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation on concluding bilateral agreements with the competent authorities of foreign states on cooperation in the criminal procedure sphere and in cases of administrative offenses, as well as preparing appropriate educational and methodological and scientific literature developed by scientists of the University of the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation and other law schools, and some other measures.
Studi Literatur Proses Metakognisi dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematika
Authors: Siolimbona Dedi , Juniati Dwi , Khabibah Siti
Published: March 2023

Abstract

This article aims to describe mathematical problem-solving and its relation to the process of metacognition. This study focuses on mathematical problem-solving activities which are an important aspect of learning, especially learning mathematics. The analysis and theoretical description of the importance of the process of metacognition in solving mathematical problems are presented with two main thoughts. Namely, exposure to mathematical problem-solving activities that are closely related to one's metacognition processes and how metacognition processes take on their role to improve problem-solving skills in learning mathematics. The method used in this study is a literature study. Data collection is done by examining, reading, and drawing conclusions from various sources. The source used is in the form of articles that have been published at least sinta 4 as many as 20 articles. The conclusion from this article is those mathematical problem-solving activities are activities that require optimizing students' metacognition processes. In this case, mathematical problem-solving activities must enable students to be able to optimize declarative, procedural, and conditional knowledge through planning, monitoring, and evaluating students' cognitive processes.

 

Keywords: the process of metacognition, learning mathematics, solving mathematical problems

 

Abstrak

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemecahan masalah matematika dan keterkaitannya dengan proses metakognisi. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan pada kegiatan pemecahan masalah matematika yang merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pembelajaran, khususnya pembelajaran matematika. Analisis dan penggambaran teoretis tentang pentingnya proses metakognisi dalam pemecahan masalah matematika disajikan dengan dua pemikiran utama. Yakni, pemaparan mengenai kegiatan pemecahan masalah matematika yang erat kaitannya dengan proses metakognisi seseorang dan bagaimana proses metakognisi mengambil perannya untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah dalam pembelajaran matematika. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menelaah, membaca dan menarik kesimpulan dari berbagai sumber. Sumber yang digunakan berupa artikel-artikel yang telah di terbit pada jurnal terakreditasi minimal sinta 4 sebanyak 20 artikel. Kesimpulan dari artikel ini adalah kegiatan pemecahan masalah matematika adalah kegiatan yang memerlukan pengaoptimalisian proses metakognisi peserta didik. Dalam hal ini, kegiatan pemecahan masalah matematika harus memungkinkan peserta didik agar dapat melakukan pengoptimalan terhadap pengetahuan declaratif, prosedural, dan kondisional melalui perencanaan, pemantauan, dan evaluasi proses kognisi peserta didik.

 

Kata kunci: proses metakognisi, pembelajaran matematika, pemecahan masalah matematika