bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of the department of surgical diseases №2 in the formation of cardiovascular surgery service in the Republic of Tatarstan (to the 80th anniversary of the department)
Authors: Dzhordzhikiya R K
Published: December 2015

The main stages of development and formation of the cardiovascular surgery in the Republic of Tatarstan and the role of the department of surgical diseases №2, on the basis of which this branch of surgery engendered in the 60s of XX century, are represented. The first demonstrational cardiac surgeries (closed mitral commissurotomy) were performed in Kazan at the premises of the 3d city hospital by academician A.A. Vishnevsky in 1958. In 1963 the 6th city hospital became the main base of the department of surgical diseases №2 in Kazan, and the first cardiac surgery intervention was performed on April 15, 1963 on 26 years old patient with mitral stenosis of rheumatic etiology. In the 70s of XX century cardiac surgery service at the premises of 6th city clinical hospital got the status of Interregional cardiac surgery center. From the beginning of the 1990s, cardiopulmonary bypass surgery became leading in the department of cardiac surgery. In 1992 the cardiac surgery department of the 6th city clinical hospital was reorganized and became the Kazan Center of Cardiovascular Surgery with 75 beds, since 1995 bearing the name of professor N.P. Medvedev. In 2000 the department was headed by associate professor R.K. Dzhordzhikiya (doctoral thesis «Minimally invasive surgery of acquired heart valve disease», 2004). In 2005 more than 300 cardiopulmonary bypass surgeries has been performed in the clinic. In 2006 employees of the center in almost full strength moved to the Interregional clinical diagnostic center, the first cardiac surgery at the center was performed in September 2006. Annually the number of high-tech operations increases. At the same time scientific research work is carrying out. The generalizing research studing the results of the preservation of annulo-papillary continuity when replacing valve in the mitral position with mechanical prosthesis in patients with rheumatic disease conducted at the center was one of the first in Russia. The past 80 years of the history of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and the stable foundation laid by previous generations of researchers and clinicians, the glorious representatives of the Kazan school of cardiovascular surgery, serve as a guarantee of successive development of scientific and clinical work of the department and the whole cardiac surgery service in the Republic of Tatarstan.
Evaluation of the right ventricular ejection fraction according to multislice computed tomography in patients with pulmonary embolism
Authors: Galyavich A S , Rafikov A Yu
Published: December 2015

Aim. Evaluation of the global systolic function of the right ventricle according to multislice computed tomography in patients with pulmonary embolism.
Methods. 37 people aged 31 to 75 years (20 women and 17 men, mean age 55±12 years) were examined. The study group included 15 patients without clinical or instrumental signs of congenital heart disease and myocardial infarction of the left and right ventricles, with signs of pulmonary embolism according to multislice computed tomography. The control group included 22 patients. Tomographic analysis of end-diastolic volume, ejection fraction of the left and right ventricles was performed during noninvasive multislice computed tomography - coronary angiography, angiopulmonography. The study was conducted on a 64-helical computed tomography Aquillon 64 (Toshiba, Japan).
Results. Analyzing group medians in patients with pulmonary embolism there was a decrease of the right ventricular ejection fraction and end-diastolic volume of the left ventricle (р
Patterns of endothelium-dependent circulation reactions development in patients with ischemic stroke in case of oxigenation disturbances
Authors: Ryabchenko A Yu , Dolgov A M , Denisov E N , Russanova N R , Gumanova N G
Published: December 2015

Aim. To study features of tissue oxygenation and changes in nitroxidergic and endothelinergic mechanisms of circulation regulation in ischemic stroke and hypoxia modeling.
Methods. 74 men and women with ischemic stroke were examined and experimental study on 30 outbred white male rats was conducted. All patients underwent computed tomography of the brain, neurological status was assessed and general clinical examination was performed. Tissue oxygen tension was measured percutaneuosly using polarographic method. Chronic hypoxic hypoxia was simulated in animals by daily 40-50 minutes inhalation of 10% oxygen mixture for 4 weeks. Blood oxygen tension was evaluated in patients and laboratory animals. Nitric oxide level of was assessed by determining its stable metabolites. Endothelin-1 level was determined by ELISA. Data was analyzed using «Statistica 8.0» software using non-parametric tests. Differences were considered as statistically significant at p
Determination of differentiated hemodynamics types based on assessment of integral circulation indicators in healthy people and patients with hypertension
Authors: Teregulov Yu E , Mayanskaya S D , Teregulova E T
Published: December 2015

Aim. To develop a method for determination of the differentiated types of hemodynamics based on the data analysis of integral circulation indicators.
Methods. The method for determination of the differentiated hemodynamics types was developed based on the data analysis of integral circulation indicators - cardiac output, heart rate, total peripheral vascular resistance and modulus of volume elasticity. The types of hemodynamics - hyperkinetic, eukinetic, hypokinetic - were determined by cardiac output. Tachy-, normo- and bradisistolic subtypes were determined by the heart rate, subtypes with a predominance of vascular resistance and arterial stiffness were determined by the modulus of volume elasticity and total peripheral vascular resistance ratio. Four groups of patients were examined. The first group included 63 patients with I-III degree of arterial hypertension aged 18 to 77 years, mean age 48.9±12.38 (M±σ). The second group - 82 patients with primary hypothyroidism and I-III degree of arterial hypertension aged of 41 to 75 years, 59.8±7.9 years (M±σ). The third group - 33 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and I-III degree of arterial hypertension aged 17 to 67 years, 47.2±8.12 years (M±σ). The control group included 32 healthy volunteers aged 21 to 37 years, 24.7±5.34 years (M±σ).
Results. Eukinetic and hyperkinetic circulation types with predominance of peripheral vascular resistance were mostly identified in healthy volunteers. Eukinetic type of hemodynamic with predominance of peripheral vascular resistance is typical for patients with hypothyroidism and arterial hypertension, and for patients with rheumatoid arthritis and arterial hypertension hyperkinetic and eukinetic types with predominance of the arterial system rigidity are characteristic. Eukinetic and hypokinetic circulation types with predominance of both peripheral resistance and arterial stiffness are mostly present in essential hypertension.
Conclusion. Developed method of distinguishing the differentiated types of hemodynamics allows determining the hemodynamic heterogeneity in both healthy people and patients with hypertension.
Vasomotor arterial endothelial dysfunction and hyperhomocysteinemia as diastolic heart failure progression risk factors in case of carbohydrate metabolism disorders
Authors: Denisova A G , Tatarchenko I P , Pozdnyakova N V , Morozova O I
Published: December 2015

Aim. To evaluate significance of hyperhomocysteinemia and arterial endothelial dysfunction in the progression of diastolic heart failure in case of carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
Methods. The study included 134 patients (63 men and 71 women), mean age - 59.3±4.7 years. The first group included patients with ischemic heart disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=46). The second group included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension (n=48). The control group (n=40) included healthy volunteers without carbohydrate metabolism disorders and history of cardiovascular diseases.
Results. Homocysteine concentration was 19.7±5.2 mmol/l in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and was significantly higher than in the control group - 10.77±3.9 mmol/l (p
Diagnosis and specific prevention of hepatitis b in a specialized setting
Authors: Eremeeva Zh G , Minullin I K , Platonova O V , Bogdanova E V , Fazylov V Kh
Published: December 2015

Aim. To evaluate the diagnostic approaches to viral hepatitis B and immune response on hepatitis B vaccination among clinical dispensary of dermatology and sexually transmitted diseases medical staff.
Methods. The study included 92 serum samples of healthcare facility staff who underwent hepatitis B vaccination more than 7 years before. To assess the post-vaccination immunity, levels of antibodies to surface antigen of hepatitis B (anti-HBS) were determined by ELISA. Published data on the duration of post-vaccination immunity and annual reporting forms of clinical dispensary of dermatology and sexually transmitted diseases of Kazan in 2013 were analyzed.
Results. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus, viral hepatitis B and C are often seeking for medical aid, retaining the risk for medical staff and other patients to be infected. Diagnosis of hepatitis B virus in medical settings is based on the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg), while revealing hepatitis B core antigen (HBCAg), anti-HBC (summary levels), extra-Dane particle antigen (HBEAg) and other markers of viral hepatitis B would allow to diagnose a latent form of hepatitis B. In 56.5% (n=92) of cases, anti-HBs levels were below the protective titer, suggesting higher risk for infection and requiring an additional revaccination. In the remaining 43.5% of cases, protective antibodies titers were revealed, confirming the effectiveness of specific prevention measures.
Conclusion. Despite the mass vaccination for hepatitis B, owing to post-vaccination immunity weakening over time, revaccination of medical staff remains important.
The influence of the ipsilateral bronchopulmonary lymph node dissection on survival rate in non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Gilmetdinov A F , Potanin V P
Published: December 2015

Aim. The analysis of the survival rates depending on the extent of surgery and the influence of ipsilateral bronchopulmonary lymph node dissection on this indicator.
Methods. Medical charts of 1324 in- and outpatients who underwent surgeries in the department of thoracic surgery №1 in 2000-2009 were analyzed. Patients were allocated to the groups (944 patients in total) according to clinical form and stage (peripheral cancer - 555 patients, central cancer - 389 patients), histological type (peripheral cancer - 254 patients with adenocarcinoma and 204 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, central cancer - 44 patients with adenocarcinoma and 304 patients with squamous cell carcinoma). 5-year survival rate was calculated in each group depending on the extent of surgery (lobectomy, pneumonectomy), and the impact of ipsilateral bronchopulmonary lymph node dissection that was performed in all cases of pulmonectomy on this indicator was analyzed.
Results. After lobectomy, 5-year survival rates were similar in both groups - 57.08 and 55.14% (p=0.8). However, 5-year survival rate in patients after pneumonectomy due to central lung cancer (41.13%) was significantly higher compared to peripheral cancer (26.83%, p=0.02). Survival rates for the certain stages of the disease after pneumonectomy due to central cancer were significantly higher when compared to peripheral cancer. No significant differences in survival rates in different histological types of peripheral cancer and in the central form of lung adenocarcinoma were revealed, in contrast to squamous cell cancer. The survival rates after pulmonectomy in cases of central squamous cancer were only slightly different from those after lobectomy. Gained preliminary data of retrospective analysis reflect the influence of lymph node dissection on survival.
Conclusion. The best results after pneumonectomy were obtained in patients with central form of squamous cell carcinoma. However, in the cases of peripheral cancer early stages of the disease prevailed after lobectomy, which obviously increased survival rates. If proven, the proposed method will enhance the survival rates in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
Acute urinary retention management in department of emergency urology
Authors: Abdurakhmanov A K , Kopylov V A
Published: December 2015

Aim. Reduce the treatment costs for patients with acute urinary retention, as well as prevention of intra- and postoperative complications.
Methods. Since January 1st, 2014 to December 31st, 2014, 3760 patients were examined in the urology department of the Municipal Hospital №5, including 114 (3.2%) patients with acute urinary retention, of whom 100 (2.8%) had the first episode of acute urinary retention, 14 (0.4%) - the relapse. In the first group of 81 (71%) patients with uncomplicated acute urinary retention, a permanent urethral catheter was inserted; patients were further treated as outpatients. The patients of the second group (33 patients, 29%) with complicated acute urinary retention were admitted in the department of urology. The age of the examined patients ranged from 50 to over 80 years, the mean age was 65 years. The analysis of the treatment costs in patients with acute urinary retention was performed, with the treatment costs calculated by the economical department of the Municipal Hospital №5. The average cost of 1-day stay in the department of urology in 2014 was 1416 rubles.
Results. The management tactics, allowing to reduce the treatment costs, as well as to reduce the number of intra- and postoperative complications, was proposed. If 100% of patients with acute urinary retention were admitted, the total treatment cost would be 807 120 rubles. The used approach reduced this costs to 118 944 rubles, with the economical effect of 688 176 rubles in 2014.
Conclusion. The used strategy of treating patients with acute urinary retention decreases the healthcare expenses on treating this condition, as well as decreases the risk for lower urinary tract infection and excludes the possibility of nosocomial infections.
Results of in situ femoropopliteal (tibial) bypass in patients with extended lower limbs arterial bed lesion and critical ischemia
Authors: Krepkogorskiy N V , Bulatov D G
Published: December 2015

Aim. To specify the indications for in situ femoropopliteal (tibial) bypass, to study complications rate immediately after, within 1 and 2 years of the surgery.
Methods. The study group included 33 patients with symptoms of critical lower limb ischemia, who underwent femoral-popliteal or femoral-tibial bypass. 4 (12.1%) cases of type C and 29 (87.9%) cases of type D arterial bed lesions according to TASC II classification were revealed after investigation. Patients were followed up for 2 years period. Shunt thrombosis rate, condition of the trophic ulcers, chronic arterial ischemia stage before and after the surgery, mortality, lower limb amputation were measured outcomes.
Results. Repeated reconstructions rate for primary shunt thrombosis immediately after surgery was 30.3±8.0%. Shunt thrombosis (secondary) occurred in only three (9.1±5.0%) patients. The main causes which led to the shunt thrombosis during or at the 1st day after the surgery, were absence of intraoperative valvulotomy quality control and presence of unligated great saphenous vein tributaries. Trophic defects healing was observed in 3 (30.0±14.5%) of 10 patients with ulcers immediately after surgery and in all cases (100.0%) by the end of 1 year follow-up. The total number of high-level amputations within 2 years was 25.8±7.9%, the overall mortality rate within 2 years was 6.1±4.2%. Femoral-popliteal or femoral-tibial bypass surgery allowed to preserve the limb in 74.2% of patients within 2 years of follow-up. Bypass patency was preserved in 41.7% of patients out of 24 in situ bypass surgeries for the follow-up time. In our opinion critical limb ischemia with significant and extended arterial bed lesions of D and C types (according to TASC II score) is one of the indications for in situ femoropopliteal (tibial) bypass as for the surgery of the first choice. Endovascular treatment is also impossible for this type of lesion, as alternative surgeries using reversed autovein and synthetic explant do not meet all the requirements for an extended bypass.
Conclusion. The lack of adequate intraoperative valvulotomy quality control and presence of unligated great saphenous vein tributaries may be the causes of early postoperative shunt thrombosis; despite the low femoropopliteal (tibial) bypass patency rate in patients with critical ischemia, the surgery was recognized as efficient as it allowed to preserve the limbs in 74.2% of patients.
Magnetic resonance imaging and perfusion computed tomography capacities in brain glial tumors diagnosis
Authors: Balandina A V , Kapishnikov A V , Kozlov S V
Published: December 2015

Aim. To study magnetic resonance imaging and perfusion computed tomography capacities in the glial tumors diagnosis.
Methods. 50 patients were examined using magnetic resonance imaging and perfusion computed tomography before and after treatment of glial tumors.
Results. Perfusion computed tomography followed by pathomorphologic study confirmed the presence of glioblastoma in 48 patients before treatment. The presence of glioblastoma grade 4 was confirmed in 48 patients according to histological findings, and secondary (metastatic) tumors were identified in 2 patients. Glial tumors signs were revealed in all patients after MRI examination. Diagnostic tests using both methods were performed after treatment. The presence of residual tissue and radiation necrosis was not always accurately detected when using magnetic resonance imaging. During perfusion computed tomography performed on 32 patients continued tumor growth was identified in 28 patients, and presence of radiation necrosis - in 4. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis accuracy in 24 patients, and presence of post-radiation changes in 4 patients.
Conclusion. The data clearly demonstrate the need for the complex use of magnetic resonance imaging and perfusion computed tomography in suspected glial brain tumors before and after treatment, what allows to reliably estimate the presence of neoplasms, specify the location and degree of malignancy, correct further diagnostic and therapeutic tactics.
Alfacalcidol use in complex therapy of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Pestova V Yu
Published: December 2015

Aim. To study clinical course of atopic dermatitis and improve dermatosis therapeutic tactics in vitamin D deficiency. Study design - comparative observational open-label study.
Methods. 67 patients with a verified «atopic dermatitis» diagnosis were selected to study. Serum calcidol level below 75 nmol/l was observed in 32 patients what was the basis to division of the observed patients into two groups. Conventional therapy (local glucocorticoids and moistening agents, systemic administration of non-specific anti-inflammatory and desensitizing agents) was administered to all patients. Vitamin D active form - alfacalcidol (Alpha D3-Teva) was administered to patients of the second group as a part of complex therapy.
Results. Good clinical results have been achieved amid the treatment, in 21 days SCORAD index decreased by 86.56% in the first group, in the second - by 93.63%, with the clinical remission achievement in over 75% of patients in both groups. Atopic dermatitis complex therapy using alfacalcidol contributed to the normalization of the vitamin D concentration (from 42.92±2.87 to 79.26±4.92 nmol/l) and total calcium level (from 1.97±0.4 to 2, 21±0,8 mmol/l), reduced TEWL measurement and increased corneometry results. The therapy did not contribute to the sebometry data change in both groups.
Conclusion. Vitamin D deficiency leads to more severe atopic dermatitis course; complex treatment of this disease with alfacalcidol facilitated normalization of serum vitamin D level and tendency to the epidermal barrier recovery, what opens new possibilities in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
Interrelation of KIF3A gene polymorphism with predisposition to dermatoses
Authors: Khaertdinova L A , Egorova E S , Akhmetov I I
Published: December 2015

Aim. To study interrelation of KIF3A gene rs2897442 A/G polymorphism with the dermatoses risk in the Republic of Tatarstan.
Methods. The study involved 95 dermatological patients (67 patients with atopic dermatitis, 16 - psoriasis, 16 - eczema). The control group included 325 people who have not been diagnosed abovementioned skin diseases. KIF3A gene polymorphism was detected by real time polymerase chain reaction. Clinical examination included the atopic dermatitis diagnosis according to Hanifin and Rajka criteria, disease severity determination according to SCORAD scale, skin structural parameters (microrelief, microtopography) study, skin microbial flora characterization.
Results. A statistically significant difference was found out in the KIF3A gene risk allele (G) frequency in patients with skin diseases and concomitant bacterial or fungal infection compared to the control group (57.5 vs 39.7%, p=0.0493). Herewith the presence of unfavourable genotypes (AG+GG) increased the risk of such complications by more than 5 times (OR=5.3, p=0.0145) compared to the normal genotype (AA). Besides, lower (29.2%, p=0.0039) KIF3A gene G allele frequency in the European control group compared with the Russian control group was found.
Conclusion. KIF3A gene rs2897442 A/G polymorphism is associated with complicated forms of dermatoses among Republic of Tatarstan residents; population of the Republic of Tatarstan is genetically more prone to the atopic dermatitis development compared to the European population.
Injection anesthesia use frequency in treatment of primary and permanent teeth pulpitis
Authors: Shiryak T Yu , Saleev R A , Mustaeva D M
Published: December 2015

Aim. To analyze the injection anesthesia use frequency in the treatment of primary and permanent teeth pulpitis by paediatric dentists of Republic of Tatarstan, Mari El and Chuvashia according to survey results.
Methods. 202 pediatric dentists participated in questionnaire survey.
Results. 89.55±2.64% of specialists use devital amputation method in Tatarstan, 94.12±2.85% - in other regions. Significantly more doctors use vital extirpation (85.29%) and vital amputation (41.17%) in the permanent teeth treatment in regions than in Tatarstan (69.40 and 25.37%, respectively). 76.47% of doctors in regions and 54.47% in Tatarstan (p
Effect of transforming growth factor-β2 on uterine leiomyoma cells proliferation
Authors: Muratova N D , Abduvaliev A A
Published: December 2015

Aim. To study the role of transforming growth factor-β2 in the uterine leiomyoma pathogenesis.
Methods. Studies to determine the cytotoxic activity of the transforming growth factor-β2 regarding the temporary cell culture were conducted. The operational material was used from two women of reproductive age with uterine myoma (multiple symptomatic uterine myoma, proliferative type) who underwent hysterectomy. Patients mean age was 43.5±0.57. Obtained temporary culture cells were split into five groups depending on the transforming growth factor-β2 affecting dose (1000, 500, 100, 10 µg/10×106, and culture with no exposure). After incubation living and dead cells were counted at 280 times magnification. The cytotoxic activity was expressed as a percentage of live and dead cells.
Results. Total cell death (necrosis) was 23.0% when using factor at the dose 10 µg/10×106 cells, at the dose 100 µg/ 10×106 cells - 34.5%, at the dose 500 µg/10×106 cells - 44%, at the dose 1000 µg/10×106 cells - 59.5%. The most effective vital life suppressing activity of the transformed cells was observed when exposed to transforming growth factor-β2 at the dose 1000 µg/10×106 cells.
Conclusion. Transforming growth factor-β2 is capable to suppress the proliferating uterine fibroids growth under certain conditions and the dose, it has a significant dose-dependent cytotoxic effect in respect of the neoplasm.
Morphometric and immunohistochemical study of regional lymph nodes in gastric cancer
Authors: Tsyplakov D E , Bazhanov A B
Published: December 2015

Aim. To perform quantitative analysis and immunohistochemical phenotyping of regional lymph nodes structural and cellular elements in gastric cancer in the absence and the presence of metastases.
Methods. The regional lymph nodes obtained during surgery for gastric cancer from 48 patients (31 men and 17 women, mean age 60.9 years) were studied. Histological sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, van Gieson stain, azure-II-eosin, pyronin by Brashe. Then morphometric analysis of lymph nodes structural and cellular elements was performed. A set of monoclonal antibodies against CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD10, CD20, CD30, BLA-36, immunoglobulin (Ig) λ- and κ-chains, CD56, myeloperoxidase, CD68, lysozyme, α1-antichymotrypsin, CD35, S100, Ki-67, CD31, collagen type IV, vimentin, desmin was used for immunohistochemical reactions. Comparative study was performed in the following groups: (1) control group; (2) lymph nodes without metastases; (3) lymph nodes with metastases of different size.
Results. Paracortical and follicular hyperplasia, sinus histiocytosis, microcirculatory disorders and fibroplastic processes were found in regional lymph nodes in gastric cancer development. Paracortical hyperplasia was characterized by following immunohistochemical phenotype: CD 45, CD 3, CD 4, CD 8, CD 10, CD 30, CD 56, S 100, CD 31, Ki-67. CD45, CD20, BLA-36, CD10, CD30, CD35, Ig λ- and κ-chains, Ki-67 were mainly expressed in follicular hyperplastic reaction. The sinus reaction was accompanied by total cellularity increase with a predominance of CD68(+), α1-antichymotrypsin(+) and lysozyme(+) cells. Expression of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD10, CD56, Ki-67 decreased amid the paracortical zone area reduce in metastases development. Sinuses were devastated and poor with cellular elements, often with lymphostasis or sclerosis signs. Imunohistochemically there was moderate reaction with monoclonal antibodies against α1-antichymotrypsin, low - against lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, and high - against vimentin. Wherein follicular hyperplasia with high levels of CD20(+) B-cells, BLA-36(+) activated lymphocytes and Ig(+) antibody producing plasma cells persisted. At the same time microcirculatory disorders and fibroplastic processes progressed.
Conclusion. Structural components area ratio, cellular composition and immunohistochemical phenotype change in the regional lymph nodes in gastric cancer development, with significant differences between intact and affected lymph nodes; paracortical zone and sinuses area reduction with T-, NK-cells and macrophage markers expression decrease amid the preservation of follicular hyperplasia with high level of activated B lymphocytes and antibody producing plasma cells can promote metastases engrafment in lymph nodes and further cancer generalization.
Microbial landscape of atherosclerotic plaques biopsy samples
Authors: Sharifullina D M , Vasil’eva R M , Yakovleva T I , Nikolaeva E G , Pozdeev O K , Lozhkin A P , Khayrullin R N
Published: December 2015

Aim. To study the microflora composition of different localization atherosclerotic plaques in patients with atherosclerosis. Methods. 88 samples of atherosclerotic plaques were analyzed, including brachycephalic arteries - 71, the coronary arteries - 13, the aorta - 2, vessels of lower extremities - 2. The specimens were obtained from 71 men and 17 women aged 30-79 years (mean age 50.8 years). The presence of aerobic and anaerobic microflora was determined by bacteriological method. Detection of the cytomegalovirus nucleic acid, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus was performed by real time polymerase chain reaction. Results. The most diverse microflora was represented in the plaques of the neck vessels (carotid arteries). Thereat we found bacteria in 77.5% of the samples, including Propionibacterium acnes - 40.8%, the Staphylococcus genus - 50.7%. 83.3% Staphylococcus isolates were identified as S. epidermidis. In 14.1% of the samples from the brachycephalic artery plaques microorganisms associations (P. acnes and S. epidermidis) were found. The coronary arteries and aorta plaques microflora was represented entirely by P. acnes - 15.4 and 50% respectively. Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, and Epstein-Barr virus nucleic acids were detected in 6.7% of samples of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques. Bacteria associations were presented exclusively in atherosclerotic plaques from brachycephalic arteries - 11.4% of the samples, including 9 bacteria (P. acnes and S. epidermidis) associations, and one association consisted of 3 microorganisms: 2 bacteria (P. acnes and S. epidermidis) and the virus (Epstein-Barr virus). Conclusion. Observed high frequency of microorganisms detection in studied atherosclerotic plaques samples allows to suggest their possible pathogenetic role in the blood vessels endothelium atherosclerotic lesions formation.
Knowledge analysis of the different means of contraception reliability among students of secondary specialiazed educational institutions of Samara
Authors: Spiridonova N V , Kazakova A V , Komarova M V
Published: December 2015

Aim. To evaluate knowledge about contraception and the harms of abortion, and the young students’ attitude to a family creation.

Methods. The study object was students of colleges and secondary technical schools in Samara. The study method was questionnaire survey. 754 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 21 package.

Results. About 80% of students are aware of the getting pregnant possibility as a result of a single sexual encounter and that the condom is a reliable mean of protection against both unintented pregnancy and the human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted diseases. A little more than half of respondents (55%) know about emergency contraception, the awareness level increases with age - from 42% in 15-year-olds to 73% in 19-year-olds. In total 36% of students are aware of the high reliability of combined oral contraceptives: 22% - among 15-year-olds, 47% - among 19-year-olds. Only 40% of students are aware that coitus interruptus is unreliable method of contraception, and the informed students proportion increases with age from 36 to 52%. Understanding that protection according to the menstrual cycle is an inefficient mean of contraception increases with age from 22% among 15-year-olds to 44% among students aged 19 years and older, accounting for 31% of all respondents. 7% of sexually active students have undergone abortion, and 3% - more than once. Contraceptive awareness analysis showed that the knowledge level among students who denied sex increases with age not as essentially as in the general group.

Conclusion. Knowledge about the particular mean of contraception reliability do not depend on age, but on the intimate contacts experience; there is a need in additional education of secondary specialized educational institutions students by medical professionals on safe sex and the prevention of unintended pregnancy before sex life onset.
Long-term results of treatment of patients with hip displasia by Ganz osteotomy
Authors: Gakhramanov A G , Atilla B S , Alpaslan M S , Tokgez M N , Aksoy D M
Published: December 2015

Aim. To analyze the long-term results of treatment of patients with arthrosis and hip dysplasia treated by Ganz osteotomy.
Methods. 71 patients operated by Ganz osteotomy in 1995-2010 were examined. A total of 83 joints were operated. Tonnis, Wiberg, Leguesne angles, joint medialization, head coating index were measured. The arthrosis degree was determined radiologically according to Tonnis classification. Patients included 58 women and 13 men. Hip joint status was evaluated using the Harris Hip Score (HHS) system.
Results. Ganz osteotomy resulted in radiological parameters improvement: Tonnis angles improved by 65.6%, Wiberg - by 5 times, Lequesne - by 6.7 times. Medialization improved by 18.2%, the coating index - by 40.3%. Radiological arthrosis degree according to Tonnis classification was 0 in 43 joints, 1 - in 4 joints before surgery. After surgery, during examination arthrosis degree was 0 - in 18 joints, 1 - in 38,2 - in 20,3 - in 7 cases. In 21 joints the transition from the 0 to the 1st arthrosis degree, in 4 joints - from 0 to the 2nd degree was registered. In 16 joints transition from the 1st to the 2nd arthrosis degree was registered, in 7 joints - from the 1st to the 3rd degree. As a result of the treatment hip joint functional parameters improvement was found, the HHS rate before the surgery was 62.6 points, after the surgery - 82.8 points. The minor and major complications rate measured up to 23 and 15% respectively.
Conclusion. Patients were examined 7.5 years after the surgery in average; in our series, total prostheses after osteotomy was performed in 3 patients (4 joints), in one case, due to postoperative subluxation Schanz osteotomy was performed; it was managed to preserve biological joint in 95.18% of cases.
Significance of risk factors correction for treatment and prevention of arterial hypertension in outpatient conditions
Authors: Agayev A A
Published: December 2015

Aim. To evaluate the significance of risk factors correction for treatment effectiveness improvement and prevention of arterial hypertension in outpatient conditions.
Methods. The study was conducted in two phases over the period of 2011-2015 in Baku outpatient clinics. At the beginning of the first part of work 547 patients with controlled hypertension were followed up, by the end of study 437 patients remained followed up, 196 men and 241 women, aged from 23 to 68 years, disease duration was from 4 months to 14 years. At the beginning of the second part of the study measures for hypertension prevention were taken in 916 patients with normal blood pressure (788 patients completed the study).
Results. In patients with long-term course of the disease, maintaining a stable target blood pressure (
The Subjective Age As a Predictor of Vital Functions of Elder People
Authors: Melehin A. , Sergienko E.A.
Published: December 2015

The article is devoted to the description of the theoretical and empirical potential of the category of subjective age which is necessary to understand the ways of improvements in subjective well-being of elderly patients. The article particularizes the concept of subjective age and its contrast to the chronological age. It introduces the concept of positive and negative illusion of age. The article presents the system of mental representations which provides an assessment of one’s own age. Reviews of foreign studies have shown that elderly and old patients’ scores of their subjective ages vary. It is possible to observe an identical assessment of participants’ chronological age, but also the tendency for its understatement or overstatement. It is shown that a subjective rating of the age can be a useful tool for the early identification of persons with an increased risk of adverse outcomes of aging with a view to the application of early prevention and treatment strategies that affect the various components of health
Play and the Creative Arts
Authors: Olofsson B. , Ermolova Т.V.
Published: December 2015

The author’s view is that the child's participation in pretence play changes the state of his mind, and plunge him into a kind of a light hypnotic trance. The child’s view seems to become inward-looking, introspective, which allows him to protect his inner world from the surrounding reality. Children are easily controlling the process of transition into the playing state and coming back to reality and they are aware that nothing magical happens to them during the play. At the same time, they are in desperate need of this kind of game protection of their internal world in which reality is creatively transformed by them into something else that has a strictly individual value for each individual child, and therefore extremely valuable for him or her and absolutely necessary for the personal development
Why Do Babies Cry: Once Again About Egoism and Altruism
Authors: Levit L.Z.
Published: December 2015

The article deals with a ratio between egoistic and altruistic components in a person’s motivation and activity. The author provides new interpretations for the widely known examples of altruistic behavior. The results of experimental investigations discovering positive correlations, which exist between egoism and altruism in a person’s daily activity, are quoted. The author touches upon the problem of egoism as a new possible subject of psychology. The incorporation of egoism concept into the structure of modern humanitarian science opens new perspectives for theorizing and experimental investigations
Life Styles of Labor Migrants According to P. Boski’s Concept
Authors: Bogolyubskaya L.A.
Published: December 2015

Cross-cultural studies of a Polish scientist Paul Boski are focused on the phenomenon of economic migration as related to ethno-cultural characteristics of migrants. He advanced the hypothesis about the leading role of employment and financial well-being in the process of adaptation, and proposed four lifestyles typical for labor migrants with different statuses. More so the author of the concept defined the role of thriftiness, as a separate factor affecting the model of migrants’ behavior
Social networks user: current research
Authors: Agadullina E.R.
Published: December 2015

The purpose of this article is to review current research studies focusing on the users of Facebook and their behaviors in social networks. This review is organized into two sections: 1) social-demographic characteristics (Age, Gender, Nationality); 2) personality characteristics (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness-to-Experience, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Narcissism, Self-esteem). The results showed that the information in the personal profile and online behavior are strongly connected with socio-demographic and personality characteristics
Assessment of juveniles testimonies’ validity
Authors: Dozortseva E.G. , Krasavina A.G.
Published: December 2015

The article presents a review of the English language publications concerning the history and the current state of differential psychological assessment of validity of testimonies produced by child and adolescent victims of crimes. The topicality of the problem in Russia is high due to the tendency of Russian specialists to use methodical means and instruments developed abroad in this sphere for forensic assessments of witness testimony veracity. A system of Statement Validity Analysis (SVA) by means of Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA) and Validity Checklist is described. The results of laboratory and field studies of validity of CBCA criteria on the basis of child and adult witnesses are discussed. The data display a good differentiating capacity of the method, however, a high level of error probability. The researchers recommend implementation of SVA in the criminal investigation process, but not in the forensic assessment. New perspective developments in the field of methods for differentiation of witness statements based on the real experience and fictional are noted. The conclusion is drawn that empirical studies and a special work for adaptation and development of new approaches should precede their implementation into Russian criminal investigation and forensic assessment practice
Review of dissertation «School-Wide Positive Behavior Support for Individuals with Severe and Profound Disabilities» by Brittany A. Judge
Authors: Florova N.B.
Published: December 2015

The review presents a study provided to t the Faculty of psychology and Department of Graduate College of the University of Nebraska (United States) by the Supervisory Commission draft Ed. S. Field Project. The Commission examined this study to assess the conformity of the rules of procedures for the award of a master's degree in the field of school psychology. Publication may be of interest to readers because of the unrelenting relevance of psycho-pedagogical problems of safety and effectiveness of educational environment for students with developmental and behavioral limitations, as well as the need to expand the arsenal of tools and school preventive intervention strategies in alternative schools. The publication helps to estimate the difficulty of psycho-pedagogical work and educational process in relation to children with severe personality disorderss
Review of dissertation «The Effectiveness of Video Modeling to Teach Social Skills to Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder» by Jasmine Perdue
Authors: Florova N.B.
Published: December 2015

The publication gives an idea of the applied research conducted at the same University (mentioned in a previous article) and at the same Faculty, under the same educational project Ed. S. Field Project for young specialists, led by the same specialist. It relates to the content of the first dissertation presented in this issue of the magazine and expands the information about the tools of the effective pedagogic-psychological accompaniment and formation of social competencies in young adults with autism spectrum disorders
LifeTrain: Driving lifelong learning for biomedical professionals
Authors: Brooksbank Cath , Janko Christa , Johnson Claire , See Wolf , Lindén Hans H. , Hardman Mike
Published: December 2015

This article describes LifeTrain — the European common framework for continuing professional development in the biomedical sciences. An important goal of LifeTrain is to support biomedical professionals to work collaborativelyacross disciplines, sectors and national boundaries. LifeTrain is an open community with a unifying goal; it brings together many excellent, but disparate, activities into a process towards establishing a focused and coherentframework for continuing professional development in the biomedical sciences. This collaborative approach provides the critical mass to make a major contribution to strengthen the skills and competencies of biomedical professionals in a rapidly changing environment. LifeTrain's signatories, which include multinational pharmaceutical companies, research infrastructures, professional and scientific bodies, higher-education institutes and research institutes, have agreed to the principles of the framework and to continue to collaborate to implement LifeTrain. We warmly invite others to join us.
Odontometric study analysis of mandibular canine teeth to establish sexual dimorphism in
North Indian population
Authors: Grover Maneel , Balamurugan A , Bhavya T , Poturaju Vandana , Puri Pooja Malik
Published: December 2015

Knowledge of sex of a person becomes the first priority
of a forensic investigator in the process of
identification. Dental evidence pours in an invaluable
informative data towards achieving the final positive
results in establishing the unknown’s identity. Studies
have shown that the mandibular canine resist disease,
survive extreme post‐mortem environmental conditions
and presents the highest sexual dimorphism amongst
all teeth, making them an ideal teeth in forensic
identification procedures. The aim of present study was
to know the use of the Mandibular Canine Index (MCI)
in assessing sex in North Indian population. In a sample
size of 80 males and females (40 male and 40 female) in
the age group 21‐24years, mandibular canine width and
Inter canine distance measurements were noted intraorally
and the MCI was calculated and compared with
stranded MCI values.
Determination of serological markers (blood group markers) of biological fluid (urine)
obtained from crime scene for individualization of the donor(s).
Authors: Verma Ravindra Pal , Kumar Arun , Sharma Harsh
Published: December 2015

Urine samples collected from 20 donors with unknown
blood group and secretor status had been determined
from saliva. ABO typing on the concentrated samples
was successfully performed after 1 month of storage.
Urine stained clothing samples are often submitted to
forensic science laboratories for ABH blood group
antigen determination. The serogenetic markers of
urine stains submitted can be used to determine the
origin of any of these samples. ABH blood group
substances have previously been identified from urine.
ABH blood group substance is low in urine in
comparison with other body fluids.
Ethical challenges of expert witness on sexual violence in Islamic perspective
Authors: Basbeth Ferryal , Sachrowardi Qomariyah
Published: December 2015

Cases of sexual violence are often difficult to prove.
Modern litigation often involves experts. Qualifications
of the expert is usually determined by the judge, not
regulated by law, required knowledge, skill, experience,
training, competence and authority is determined by
the judge. Lawyers often require someone with
technical expertise to explain the material or
background of this case. However, the use of experts
also raises a number of ethical issues, and interesting to
note that the court did not consider the ethical rules of
the expert witness. Qualifications and attitudes
required an honesty, objective, thorough, scientific,
impartial, neat, polite, prepared, assertive and
confident expert, but there needs to be other
considerations such as ethics and religion, especially in
cases with weak/lack evidence. There are so
manyverses in the Al‐Quran forbid us to do a deal in
falsehood. "Help you one another in Al‐Birr and At‐
Taqwa (virtue, righteousness and piety); but do not help
one another in sin and transgression. And fear Allah.
Verily, Allah is Severe in punishment." (Al‐Quran Al‐
Ma'idah [5]: 2). In the story of losing armor of Sayidina
Ali in the Battle of Shiffin, which was taken by the Jews,
where the incident occurred without witnesses made a
judge decided to free the Jewish people, although
Sayidina Ali filed expert witness of his own son who
later denied this judge indicates that the perpetrator
crime cannot be punished if without sufficient evidence
and witnesses, consideration of some proposition in Al‐
Quran and Al‐hadith in Islamic perspective allows us to
reject an expert witness in order not to give false
facilities to the perpetrators of the post‐decision later.
Ethics, errors and education in surgical operating room
Authors: Shekhar Shashi
Published: December 2015

Patient safety errors in OR may originate from: surgeon
on account of forgetfulness, inattention, poor
motivation, carelessness, negligence and recklessness;
Hospital system due to understaffing, inadequate
equipment, fatigue, time pressure and
inexperience.Quality surgical training is crucial for
creation of surgical workforce for health care delivery.
The surgical trainees during ‘Junior Residency’ need
training in both ‘Surgical’ and ‘Communication’ OR skill.
The surgical skill learnt in OR is: competence in ‘basic
surgical techniques’; skill of ‘assistance and minor
surgeries’: hernia repair, appendectomy, skin grafting
and laparoscopic skills. During‘Senior Residency’
independent surgicaljudgment and performance of
advanced surgical procedures to gain extensive
operating experience.The non‐surgical skill that
promotes patient safety in OR are ‘communication
skill’ and ‘team skill’.The ’supervised progressive
responsibility model of surgical training’ has elements
embedded for patient safety. Surgical trainer promotes
trainee’s skill and ensures patient safety as well the
highest quality of surgery, through gradual decreasing
levels of supervision in OR, namely Direct Supervision
where the trainer is physically present;Indirect
supervision where the trainer becomes available within
few minutes; oversight where after the surgery review
is providedwith feedback and progress monitoring
where progress is monitored and supervision is done
only in complex surgeries. Supervised surgical training
helps creation of skilled practicing surgeon and ensures
patient safety.