bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kinetic tomography of the Galactic plane within 1.25 kiloparsecs from the Sun. The interstellar flows revealed by Hi and CO line emission and 3D dust
Authors: Soler J.D. , Molinari S. , Glover S. C. O. , Smith R. J. , Klessen R. S. , Benjamin R. A. , Hennebelle P. , Peek J. E. G. , Beuther H. , Edenhofer G. , Zari E. , Swiggum C. , Zucker C.
Published: February 2025

We present a reconstruction of the line-of-sight motions of the local interstellar medium (ISM) based on the combination of a model of the three-dimensional dust density distribution within 1.25,kpc from the Sun and the i and CO line emission within Galactic latitudes $|b|$,≤,5 We used the histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) method, a computer vision technique for evaluating the morphological correlation between images, to match the plane-of-the-sky dust distribution across distances with the atomic and molecular line emission. We identified a significant correlation between the 3D dust model and the line emission. We employed this correlation to assign line-of-sight velocities to the dust across density channels and produce a face-on map of the local ISM radial motions with respect to the local standard of rest (LSR). We find that most of the material in the 3D dust model follows the large-scale pattern of Galactic rotation; however, we also report local departures from the rotation pattern with standard deviations of and for the i and CO line emission, respectively. The mean kinetic energy densities corresponding to these streaming motions are around and from either gas tracer. Assuming homogeneity and isotropy in the velocity field, these values are within a factor of a few of the total kinetic energy density. These kinetic energy values are roughly comparable to other energy densities, thus confirming the near-equipartition in the local ISM. Yet, we identify energy and momentum overdensities of around a factor of ten concentrated in the Radcliffe Wave, the Split, and other local density structures. Although we do not find evidence of the local spiral arm's impact on these energy overdensities, their distribution suggests the influence of large-scale effects that, in addition to supernova feedback, shape the energy distribution and dynamics in the solar neighborhood.
Reconstructing orbits of galaxies in extreme regions (ROGER). IV. Unveiling galaxy evolution patterns in OmegaWINGS clusters
Authors: Muriel Hernan , Pérez-Millán David , de los Rios Martin , Biviano Andrea , Coenda Valeria , Martinez Hector J. , Ruiz Andres N. , Vulcani Benedetta , Levis Selene
Published: February 2025

Clusters of galaxies have proven to be efficient systems in modifying various properties of galaxies, such as star formation or morphology. However, projection effects impose serious challenges in determining how, when, and to what extent galaxies are affected by the cluster environment. Using innovative techniques to classify galaxies based on their history within the cluster, we aim to determine how galaxies of different classes are affected by the cluster environment. We applied the ROGER code to select trajectories of galaxies in the phase space for 35 galaxy clusters from the OmegaWINGS survey. A new algorithm was applied to minimize contamination effects. We found that both morphological transformation and the quenching of star formation begin shortly after galaxies enter the cluster. Even though over the last $2-3$ Gyr, galaxies entering clusters have undergone significant transformations in both their star formation and morphology these transformation processes are not complete, that is, they are not completely quenched and are not early type yet. Backsplash galaxies and recent infallers show a higher fraction of jellyfish galaxies compared to older cluster members, suggesting that the timescale of this phenomenon is typically less than 3 Gyr.
Analysis of factors limiting the import-substituting effect of cluster development in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Moga Irina S. , Baykov Fedor Yu. , Sidorenko Vlada S.
Published: February 2025

This article analyses the problem of clustering of innovative mesosystems in the agrarian-industrial complex of Russia in the context of food import substitution strategy. The main emphasis is placed on the identification of factors that hinder the effective development of clusters in the agrarian sphere and the development of recommendations to overcome them. The study was conducted by analysing scientific literature, regulatory legal acts and statistical data. The results show that, despite the active promotion of the cluster approach, the overall level of innovation activity in agriculture remains low. It is revealed that the formal approach to the creation of clusters, lack of trust between the participants, lack of qualified personnel and lack of clear criteria for performance evaluation are the key problems. It is concluded that it is necessary to reorient state policy to support self-organisation of business, development of regional autonomy, stimulation of cooperation and investment in human capital.
Forced forecast of agricultural development in the European North of Russia
Authors: Asaturyan Sergey V. , Dubina Konstantin P. , Khizhnyak Vladimir I. , Shchebeteev Valery A. , Bovsh Vladislav V.
Published: February 2025

The aim of the work is to identify the key factors affecting the development of the agrarian sector of the region, determine the cyclical regularities of its development and create a model of forced forecasting based on advanced methodological approaches. The work analyses statistical data, scientific literature and expert assessments, which allowed us to identify specific features of agricultural development in the northern climate. The method of spectral analysis of time series was applied to identify cyclical fluctuations in the production of various types of agricultural products. The scenarios of agricultural development, including inertial, moderate-innovation and forced scenarios, were developed. It is shown that the forced scenario is the most promising for ensuring food security and increasing the competitiveness of the agricultural sector of the region. The results of the study can be used to develop strategies and programmes for agricultural development and to adjust the development plans of the agricultural sector.
Influence of pre-sowing seed treatment in a magnetic gradient field on growth, development and productivity of long-staple flax
Authors: Yudaev Igor Viktorovich , Akimov Alexey Alekseevich , Belenkov Alexey Ivanovich , Plotnitsky Igor Olegovich
Published: February 2025

The strategic goal of effective land use in the field of cultivation of industrial crops is the need to increase their yields while maintaining the quality of raw materials, against the background of reducing total energy consumption and minimal anthropogenic negative impact on the environment. It is possible to realise the indicated approaches in flax-dolgunets cultivation, starting from the main thing - preparation of quality seed material, for which purpose it is offered its treatment in a gradient magnetic field of direct current at various parameters of influence from 0.83 to 8.0 mTl. Treatment of flax-dolgunets seeds was carried out in laboratory conditions of LLC “Association of Innovations” on a specially designed pilot plant, and studies on germination and germination energy - in Tver State Agricultural Academy, field experiments - in the conditions of the experimental site of the Academy. The obtained results show that such seed treatment increased the overall survival rate of flax-dolgunets up to 35.6% in some variants from 22.9% in the control or, on average, the survival rate in all studied variants increased by 7.1%. Application of the studied variants of seed pre-sowing treatment was reliable (NSR05=1.9 c/ha and NSR05=1.1 c/ha) and increased the yield of straw, on average, from 25.6 to 51.8 c/ha, and flax seeds - from 6.6 to 12.6 c/ha. Among the studied variants of presowing treatment, the highest yields of both flax-cotton and flax-seeds were provided by the variants in which treatment was carried out in magnetic gradient field with induction of 6.70 and 7.35 mTl. Since flax was cultivated for seed purposes, the reproduction coefficient of this crop was determined depending on the studied variants of the experiment, so the highest reproduction coefficients (32, 33 and 37) were obtained respectively in the following treatment variants: 1.68 mTl, 7.35 mTl and 8.0 mTl. The highest fibre yield was obtained in the field treatment with magnetic induction - 4.23 mTl, 6.7 mTl and 7.35 mTl and was respectively 11.0, 10.7 and 10.9 kg/ha, which was 2.3 times higher than in the control sowing variant.
Innovative technologies for sustainable development of Arctic agriculture
Authors: Modina M.A. , Kheckert E.V. , Dragulenko Vladislav V. , Ivanov M.Yu. , Bovsh Vladislav V.
Published: February 2025

The paper looks at both existing and emerging innovative approaches, including biotechnology, digitalisation and renewable energy. A comprehensive analysis of agro-technical solutions that could transform the Arctic agro-industrial sector is conducted. Comparative experiments in five Arctic locations, using genetically modified and conventional barley and potato varieties, as well as different mulching and biostimulation techniques, were used to assess effectiveness. The study revealed the superiority of GM varieties, namely barley ‘Arctic-12’ and potato ‘Morozko’, with yield increases of 18-25% and 12%, respectively, and improved nutritional quality. In addition, various cropping systems, particularly hydroponics and aeroponics, with optimised formulations of nutrient solutions and lighting regimes were investigated and shown to be highly effective. In addition to crop production, the effects of feed additives on livestock and reindeer productivity and the digitalisation of livestock farms were studied. In conclusion, the authors emphasise the importance of an integrated approach, including the integration of traditional indigenous knowledge with modern technologies for sustainable agricultural development in the Arctic, with a potential productivity increase of 50-70% in the long term.
Evaluating the influence of facade greening and envelope feature on the microclimate in outdoor experiment
Authors: Huang Xiaomin , Chen Caihang , Xu Zhaowei , He Meiyu , Ye Xinlu , Heng Tao , Cuic Dongjin
Published: February 2025

Under the dual-carbon framework, the green transformation of the construction industry is vital for achieving low carbon and energy consumption goals. Adding facade greening and envelope features to buildings improves their relationship with the urban microclimate and effectively promotes energy conservation and emission reduction. However, the usage strategy for this technology remains theoretical and lacks specific guidelines. In this study, representative green buildings in Shenzhen were evaluated, focusing on the NHYK district. Microclimate data influenced by its typical three-dimensional greening and envelope features were collected through measurements. The study compared the impact of various combinations of these features on building carbon emissions and explored the combined application of three-dimensional greening and sunshade components in Shenzhen's green buildings. Based on the findings, the paper offers decision-making recommendations for building energy conservation and carbon reduction, contributing to the development of green buildings in Shenzhen.
Progress and Future Prospects in the Retrieval and Reconstruction of Terrestrial Water Storage Using GRACE Satellite Data
Authors: Yang Zhiqiang , Cheng Huiyan , Yang Aili
Published: February 2025

Terrestrial water storage (TWS) encompasses all water resources on and beneath the Earth's surface, including lakes, rivers, groundwater, glaciers, snow, and soil moisture. TWS plays a crucial role in the global hydrological cycle and climate system. Effective monitoring of TWS is essential for water resource management, agriculture, ecosystem protection, and addressing the challenges posed by climate change. This paper reviews the applications of the GRACE and GRACE-FO satellite missions in monitoring TWS changes and explores methods for data interpolation and reconstruction, particularly techniques for filling gaps during data discontinuities. While existing methods perform well in humid regions, challenges remain in achieving accuracy in arid areas. Future research should further improve interpolation and reconstruction techniques, integrating machine learning and hydrological models to enhance performance in arid regions and bridge the data gaps from the GRACE mission, providing more accurate support for water resource management.
Research on the thermal insulation efficiency of new environmentally friendly air-ribbed membrane structure in aquaculture conditions
Authors: Li Xing , Liu Jiongfeng , La Wenhui , Wang Sensen , Liu Kailun , Chen Panpan , Shang Ming , Qing Qiang
Published: February 2025

With the continuous improvement of social economic levels and technological productivity, the insulation requirements for envelope structures in factory-based and large-scale aquaculture are becoming increasingly stringent. Traditional aquaculture greenhouses are gradually unable to meet the demands of intelligent and precise management. This paper discusses the characteristics of the new air-ribbed membrane structure in thermal insulation performance under the demand of factory-scale aquaculture, and uses theoretical research, numerical simulation and experimental demonstration to get the data of thermal insulation performance of air-ribbed membrane structure, which provides a new feasible solution of enclosure structure under the demand of expanding the production requirements and precise control of indoor environment, responding to the demand of energy saving, environmental protection and low-carbon industrial transformation. It responds to the demand for energy-saving, environmental protection and low-carbon industrial transformation, while aligning with the development direction of new green buildings.
Impact of screw reinsertion on osteosynthesis stability in Schatzker IV tibial plateau fractures: a biomechanical study
Authors: Hiyama Shuhei , Takahashi Tsuneari , Ando Jiro , Nibe Yoshiya , Matsumura Tomohiro , Takeshita Katsushi
Published: February 2025

Introduction: This biomechanical study evaluated the effect of screw reinsertion with a locking plate on fixation strength and the stability of osteosynthesis in medial tibial plateau fractures using porcine bone. Materials and methods: Thirty porcine tibiae were divided into three groups: group A (underwent biomechanical testing after medial tibial fixation with a large fragment T-shaped locking plate), group B (underwent plate fixation, followed by the removal of all screws and plates and refixation with the same screws and plates using the same holes before biomechanical testing), and group C (underwent biomechanical testing once after plate fixation, followed by the removal of all screws and plates, refixation with the same screws and plates using the same holes, and then biomechanical testing). The translation pattern of the constructs in each group was examined using cyclic loading tests. The changes in the joint gap and step-off after 2000 cycles were compared among the three groups. Results: Significant differences in displacement were observed at 10–100 cycles (group A: −0.01 ± 0.04 mm, group B: −0.02 ± 0.04 mm, group C: −0.13 ± 0.15 mm, P = 0.021). However, no significant differences were found in other displacement and translation measurements among the groups. Regarding the gap and step-off among groups, significant differences were observed in anterior and posterior gap changes. Despite the statistical significance, the absolute displacement values were small, suggesting minimal clinical relevance. These findings indicate that reinserting screws and plates into the same hole may not substantially compromise overall fixation strength. Conclusion: Screw reinsertion in the same holes after removal did not significantly compromise the stability of osteosynthesis in this biomechanical model. These findings suggest that reinsertion may be a viable option in revision surgery.
Verschiedene Faktoren berücksichtigen – Psychosoziale Behandlungsverfahren bei CRPS
Authors: Schäfer Mirjam
Published: February 2025

Das Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) hat große Auswirkungen auf den Alltag Betroffener. Marlies Niklaus und Lisa Röthlisberger untersuchten deshalb in ihrer Bachelorarbeit, wie Ergotherapeut*innen Betroffene mit psycho-sozialen Behandlungsverfahren unterstützen können.
Mehr Zeit für die Arbeit mit Menschen – KI im Therapiealltag
Authors: Holtmeier Lisa
Published: February 2025

Die Digitalisierung verändert das Gesundheitswesen grundlegend – Ergo- und Physiotherapie bilden da keine Ausnahme. Künstliche Intelligenz eröffnet auch hier neue Möglichkeiten, den Praxisalltag effizienter und klientenzentrierter zu gestalten. Wie all das in der praktischen Umsetzung aussehen kann, erfahren Sie in diesem Beitrag.
Das (innere) Chaos aufräumen – Interventionspalette des OTIPM
Authors: Kloos Karina
Published: February 2025

Das Occupational Therapy Intervention Process Model enthält verschiedene Interventionen, die auch für den psychosozialen Bereich geeignet sind. Karina Kloos beschreibt sie an einem Fallbeispiel.
1.55 GHz balanced homodyne detector with high gain flatness based on low noise amplifier
Authors: Wang Shaofeng , Niu Xuyin , Wu Guangqian , Dong Ruifang
Published: February 2025

In this paper, a model for simulating the shot noise power and the electronic noise power of a balanced homodyne detector (BHD) using cascaded low noise amplifiers (LNAs) is presented. Moreover, the factors influencing the enhancement of BHD gain flatness are analyzed. Based on these theories, a BHD with a large clearance between shot noise and electronic noise, along with a flat broadband frequency response, is designed using LNAs and an optimized printed circuit board design. According to the experimental measurements, the bandwidth for 1 dB flatness reaches 1.4 GHz with the −3 dB bandwidth extending up to 1.55 GHz. With a 4 mW optical signal input, a signal-to-noise ratio of 12 dB is obtained at 1 GHz. The BHD exhibits excellent linearity for shot noise output up to an 8 mW optical signal input and a tested common mode rejection ratio of 63 dB. This developed BHD is well-suited for applications in high-speed continuous variable quantum key distribution and quantum random number generation.
Monopotassium maleate salt stabilizes SnO2 colloid solution for efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Liu Xiaoxuan , Sun Derun , Sun Huande , Gao You , Ren Fumeng , Chen Rui , Meng Xin , Zhang Siqi , Chen Wei , Liu Zonghao
Published: February 2025

Constructing a high-quality SnO2 electron transport layer plays an important role in the fabrication of high-performance n–i–p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we report a SnO2 modification strategy by using monopotassium maleate (MPM) salt to functionalize the SnO2 nanocrystals. It is demonstrated that MPM can effectively inhibit the agglomeration of SnO2 nanocrystals, thereby improving the conductivity and electron mobility of SnO2 and passivating the defects at the buried SnO2/perovskite interface. Meanwhile, the interfacial energy level alignment between SnO2 and the perovskite layer is improved. With MPM-modified SnO2, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs is substantially improved from 21.8% to 24.1%. In addition, a noteworthy PCE of 19.8% is achieved for perovskite solar modules with an active area of 10.25 cm2. The unencapsulated devices maintain 90% of the initial PCE after 1000 h of continuous tracking testing at the maximum power point in a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature.
Detection of atomic oxygen and its electronic coherence decays using time-resolved ultrafast coherent Raman scattering
Authors: Chen Timothy Y. , Kliewer Christopher J.
Published: February 2025

We report the detection of atomic oxygen and quantitative measurements of its electronic Raman coherence decays in flames and low-temperature plasmas using time-resolved hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). Atomic oxygen was detected using the Raman transitions between the spin–orbit coupled triplet ground states. Atomic oxygen was generated in an H2/O2/Ar diffusion flame and an O2/Ar pulsed plasma discharge. Single exponential decays were observed for the O(3P2)–O(3P1) Raman transition at 158.3 cm−1 and the O(3P2)–O(3P0) Raman transition at 227 cm−1. From the decay measurements, the atomic O Raman linewidths were obtained from 25 to 150 Torr in non-equilibrium plasma and at 760 Torr in a flame. Enhanced signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of atomic oxygen and atomic to molecular oxygen signal contrasts were obtained by taking advantage of electronic triplet coherence beating. Enhancement of up to seven times in the atomic O SNR was observed. We also found that the dephasing rates of O2(v = 0–3, N = 37) were similar, which provides evidence for the assumption that vibrational excitation does not influence the dephasing of diatomic molecular rotational CARS transitions.
Insight into the energy level structure and luminescence process of color centers at SiO2/SiC interfaces
Authors: Onishi Kentaro , Nakanuma Takato , Toyama Haruko , Tahara Kosuke , Kutsuki Katsuhiro , Watanabe Heiji , Kobayashi Takuma
Published: February 2025

We investigated the correlation between electrically active defects and color centers at the SiO2/SiC interface, aiming to clarify the electronic and optical properties of the color centers. SiO2/SiC samples were formed by varying the oxidation temperature and oxygen partial pressure within 1400–1600 °C and 0.05%–100%, respectively. The results showed that the integrated photoluminescence intensity of the color centers is strongly correlated with the effective fixed charge density obtained from the flatband voltage shift in the capacitance–voltage characteristics. The effective fixed charges mainly originate from an acceptor level located at energies within (EC − 0.65)–(EC − 0.92) eV, which was estimated from the plateau capacitance of each sample. Therefore, the origin of color centers lies in a deep acceptor-type defect. Based on the results obtained, we discussed the possible luminescence process and the origin of color centers. Referring to previous theoretical calculations, we consider dicarbon antisite [(C2)Si] in near-interface SiC as a main candidate of the color centers found at the SiO2/SiC interface.
Disruption of G3BP1 granules promotes mammalian CNS and PNS axon regeneration
Authors: Sahoo Pabitra K. , Agrawal Manasi , Hanovice Nicholas , Ward Patricia J. , Desai Meghal , Smith Terika P. , SiMa HaoMin , Dulin Jennifer N. , Vaughn Lauren S. , Tuszynski Mark H. , Welshhans Kristy , Benowitz Larry I. , English Arthur W. , Houle John D. , Twiss Jeffery L.
Published: February 2025

Depletion or inhibition of core stress granule proteins, G3BP1 in mammals and TIAR-2 in
Caenorhabditis elegans
, increases the growth of spontaneously regenerating axons. Inhibition of G3BP1 by expression of its acidic or “B-domain” accelerates axon regeneration after nerve injury, bringing a potential therapeutic strategy for peripheral nerve repair. Here, we asked whether G3BP1 inhibition is a viable strategy to promote regeneration in injured mammalian central nervous system (CNS) where axons do not regenerate spontaneously. G3BP1 B-domain expression was found to promote axon regeneration in the transected spinal cord provided with a permissive peripheral nerve graft (PNG) as well as in crushed optic nerve. Moreover, a cell-permeable peptide (CPP) to a subregion of B-domain (rodent G3BP1 amino acids 190 to 208) accelerated axon regeneration after peripheral nerve injury and promoted regrowth of reticulospinal axons into the distal transected spinal cord through a bridging PNG. G3BP1 CPP promoted axon growth from rodent and human neurons cultured on permissive substrates, and this function required alternating Glu/Asp-Pro repeats that impart a unique predicted tertiary structure. The G3BP1 CPP disassembles axonal G3BP1, G3BP2, and FMRP, but not FXR1, granules and selectively increases axonal protein synthesis in cortical neurons. These studies identify G3BP1 granules as a key regulator of axon growth in CNS neurons and demonstrate that disassembly of these granules promotes retinal axon regeneration in injured optic nerve and reticulospinal axon elongation into permissive environments after CNS injury. This work highlights G3BP1 granule disassembly as a potential therapeutic strategy for enhancing axon growth and neural repair.
A cosmopolitan calcifying benthic foraminifera in agglutinated disguise as a geochemical recorder of coastal environments
Authors: Sosnitsky Tamara , Krekova Vasilisa , Elisha Bar , Sadekov Aleksey , Torfstein Adi , Holzmann Maria , Li Hua , Abramovich Sigal , Ashckenazi-Polivoda Sarit
Published: February 2025

Calcifying foraminifera from the orders Rotaliida and Miliolida are widely used as geochemical proxies for recording paleoceanographic conditions, while agglutinated foraminifera are often overlooked since their tests are mostly composed of foreign particles. This study investigated the geochemical properties of
Textularia agglutinans,
a cosmopolitan agglutinated benthic species from the order Textulariida which has an exceptional inner calcareous test and is evolutionarily basal to Rotaliida. This study confirms the evolutionary link between textulariids and rotaliids based on their geochemistry and establishes
T. agglutinans
as a geochemical recorder of marine environments. Specimens from the Mediterranean coast of Israel were analyzed using laser ablation ICP-MS and compared to whole-test ICP-MS measurements of rotaliid and miliolid taxa from the same location. An Mg/Ca temperature calibration was established by LA-ICP-MS analyses of cultured specimens at 15, 17, 20, and 25 °C. Results show that
T. agglutinans
is a mid-Mg species (~19 to ~60 mmol/mol), with an Mg/Ca temperature correlation similar to high-Mg species. Its Pb, Zn, and Mn/Ca ratios are variable, generally overlapping with rotaliids and significantly lower than miliolids. Notably,
T. agglutinans
exhibits significantly higher Sr/Ca ratios (3.2 to 4.7 mmol/mol) compared to most foraminifera. Raman analyses reveal that the inner wall comprises a mix of aragonite and calcite, explaining these elevated Sr/Ca ratios. Rotaliida are the most prolific group of calcifying foraminifera. Our findings suggest that rotaliid tests evolved from an agglutinated textulariid ancestor with an inner aragonitic wall, a hypothesis that is further supported by the close phylogenetic relationship of the two groups.
Erythroid progenitor cell–mediated spleen–tumor interaction deteriorates cancer immunity
Authors: Wu Zhi-Zhong , Deng Wei-Wei , Zhu Su-Wen , Wang Wen-Da , Wang Shuo , Yang Qi-Chao , Li Hao , Mao Liang , Chen WanJun , Sun Zhi-Jun
Published: February 2025

Understanding both local and systemic immunity is essential to optimizing the effectiveness of immunotherapy. However, the dynamic alterations in systemic immunity during tumor development are yet to be clearly defined. Here, we identified a previously unrecognized connection that bridges the interaction between the spleen and tumor through erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs), which suppress tumor immunity and promote tumor progression. We performed the single-cell RNA-seq and RNA-seq to demonstrate the presence of EPCs and identify the characteristic and an immunomodulatory role of EPCs during tumor progression. These tumor-hijacked EPCs proliferate in situ in spleens and impaired systemic and local antitumor response through the interaction between tumor and spleen. Specifically, the splenic CD45
−
EPCs secreted heparin-binding growth factor to regulate PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression of splenic CD45
+
EPCs. Educated CD45
+
EPCs from the spleen then migrated to the tumors via the CCL5/CCR5 axis, thereby weakening local antitumor immunity. Consequently, targeting EPCs not only revitalized antitumor immunity but also improved the anti-PD-L1 effect by promoting intratumoral T cell infiltration. Importantly, CD45
+
EPCs are associated with immunosuppression and reduced survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Collectively, these findings reveal the role of EPCs in orchestrating the interaction between the spleen and tumor, which could have significant implications for the development of more effective cancer immunotherapy.
Environmental conservation and urban development as competing stories of place and
space in Singapore
Authors: E Marissa K. L. , Tan Sabine
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we focus on the context of urban development in Singapore, where some of the country’s remaining
forests have been earmarked for development, to examine how discourses of development and conservation are semiotized via
multimodal representations of the forest landscape in environmental communication. To show how these discourses interact, we use
one of the forests identified for development, Dover Forest, as a case study, employing de
Certeau’s (2011) concepts of ‘place’, ‘space’ and ‘spatial stories’ to demonstrate how the Singapore state’s narratives
of place emphasize national development imperatives connected to neoliberal market logics, with conservationists utilizing
narratives of space that emphasize conservation, though the latter emphasis is not made unproblematically without impact from
narratives of place. Implications of the analyses are briefly discussed with reference to de Certeau’s theory in light of the
complexity of environmental conservation discourse where a dominant developmental state agenda persists.
The physical basis of osmosis
Authors: Manning Gerald S. , Kay Alan R.
Published: February 2025

Osmosis is an important force in all living organisms, yet the molecular basis of osmosis is widely misunderstood as arising from diffusion of water across a membrane separating solutions of differing osmolarities, and hence different water concentrations. In 1923, Peter Debye proposed a physical model for a semipermeable membrane emphasizing the repulsive forces between solute molecules and membrane that prevent the solute from entering the membrane. His work was hardly noticed at the time and slipped out of view. We show that Debye’s analysis of van ’t Hoff’s law for osmotic equilibrium also provides a consistent and plausible mechanism for osmotic flow. A difference in osmolyte concentrations in solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane leads to different pressures at the two water–membrane interfaces because the total repulsive force between solute molecules and the membrane is different at the two interfaces. Water is therefore driven through the membrane for exactly the same reason that pure water flows in response to an imposed hydrostatic pressure difference. In this paper, we present the Debye model in both equilibrium and flow conditions. We point out its applicability regardless of the nature of the membrane with examples ranging from the predominantly convective flow of water through synthetic membranes and capillary walls to the purely diffusive flow of independent water molecules through a lipid bilayer and the flow of a single-file column of water molecules in narrow protein channels.
The impact of an antisymmetric tensor on charged black holes: evaporation process, geodesics, deflection angle, scattering effects and quasinormal modes
Authors: Araújo Filho Adailton Azevêdo , Heidari Narges , Reis João Alfíeres Andrade de Simões dos , Hassanabadi Hasan
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we investigate the influence of anti--symmetric tensor effects, which trigger the Lorentz symmetry breaking, on charged spherically symmetric black holes. Initially, we address an overview of the model, laying the groundwork for deriving solutions to black holes. With this, we analyze the horizons, critical orbits, and geodesics. We compute quasinormal modes and the time--domain solution with a particular emphasis on vectorial perturbations. In addition, we derive the Hawking temperature to perform the calculation of the remnant mass. Additionally, we estimate the lifetime of the black holes until they reach their final stage after the evaporation process. Finally, we explore the emission rate, the deflection angle and, we investigate the correlation between quasinormal modes and shadows.
Large bulk photovoltaic effect and Fermi-surface-mediated enhancement with chemical potential in ZnGeP$_2$
Authors: Sadhukhan Banasree
Published: February 2025

Bulk photovoltaic effect is a non-linear response in noncentrosymmetric materials that converts light into DC current. In this work, we investigate the optical linear and non-linear responses in a chalcopyrite semiconductor ZnGeP$_2$. The reference point for chemical potential (E$_f$) appears at the valence band maximum of high symmetry $\Gamma$ point in Brillouin zone for ZnGeP$_2$. We report large bulk photovoltaic namely shift and circular photogalvanic current conductivities which are 4.46 $\mu$A/V$^2$ and -5.49 $\mu$A/V$^2$ respectively with the incident photo energy around $\sim$ 5 eV at the chemical potential of E$_f$ = 0 eV which increase about 38\% and 81\% respectively at a chemical potential of E$_f$ = 1.52 eV. The systematic evolution of the bulk Fermi surface along with the high symmetry points in three dimensional Brillouin zone reveals the enhancement of bulk photovoltaic with the chemical potential in ZnGeP$_2$. We further explore the distribution of bulk projected band and surface Fermi surface distribution in the energy landscape using tight binding Hamiltonian within semi infinite slab geometry. The augmentation of bulk photovoltaic with the chemical potential is due to the projected bulk bands along the high symmetry $\Gamma-Z$ direction in Brillouin zone. Our thorough and detailed study not only provide a deeper understanding about the role of Fermi surface contribution to the bulk photovoltaic responses with chemical potential, but also suggest ZnGeP$_2$ as an ideal candidate for optoelectronics and bulk photovoltaic.
Similar texture recognition based on FBG finger-shaped tactile sensors
Authors: Hu Yong , Wang Yan , Wang Chen , Cheng Chunyang , Yao Fengqi
Published: February 2025

Current tactile perception of surfaces with identical materials and similar textures relies on additional equipment to maintain a constant velocity for sensors, which constrains the practical application of tactile sensing devices in daily life. A finger-shaped tactile sensor leveraging the high sensitivity of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) in tactile sensing is proposed in this paper. It is able to distinguish different textures based on the variation amplitude of the central wavelength in FBG. The deployment position of FBG was optimized using COMSOL Multiphysics finite element simulation software, analyzing the influence of texture depth on the output signal, and an experimental platform was constructed to collect 11 texture signals from three categories. The experimental results show that different texture features are reflected by the amplitude of FBG signal, using the SVM classification model to classify four kinds of regular ridge spacing textures and three kinds of fabric texture samples collected at random velocity, and the recognition accuracy is 99.17% and 98.89%, respectively. This method, compared to other similar texture tactile experiments, has better classification ability and advantages in adapting to different texture perception speeds, providing valuable reference for intelligent perception of robot fingertip touch.
Statistical Characteristics Clustering Based Adaptive Debris Signature Identification Method for Inductive Sensors with Dual Phase
Authors: Song Hongzheng , Deng Yunchun , Luo Jiufei
Published: February 2025

Wear monitoring plays an important role in the early warning of mechanical equipment failures and in predicting operational life. Inductive sensors provide data support for wear analysis by monitoring and extracting key features of oil debris online. However, the low identification accuracy of tiny metal particles under complex interference remains a critical factor that limits detection sensitivity. The sensors with dual probes utilize a double-induction structure to enhance noise reduction and debris perception through correlation analysis. Nevertheless, the peformance of debris signature identification still face challenges related to dependence on prior knowledge, insufficiant sensitivity, destruction to features and weak generalizability. In this study, we propose a novel debris signatures identification method, names GIM-SCC. By constructing a global independence metric (GIM), time series samples are transformed into characterization vectors and debris identification is then achieved by a statistical characteristic clustering (SCC). Through numerical simulations and experiments, we demonstrate the advantages of this method in terms of signature identification accuracy, robustness, feature protection ability and generalization capability through algorithm comparison. This contribution is expected to provide reliable technical support for the accurate extraction of debris sigantures via inductive sensors with dual probes.
Modeling and Validation of Dual-impact Behavior of Fault in Cylindrical Bearing Raceway Considering Defect Evolution
Authors: Shi Jinchuan , Xue Zhengkun , Deng Zhenhong , Luo Huageng , Li Jian
Published: February 2025

Characterization of the dual-impact phenomenon is an effective way to evaluate the extent of damage in a cylindrical bearing, and thus the bearing’s remaining life. Therefore, it is of great importance to conduct in-depth research and achieve through understanding on the impact behaviors during the defect development process throughout the life cycle of the bearing. In this paper, a nonlinear dynamic model considering defect evolution is established for cylindrical bearings. The model integrates non-penetrating and penetrating damage models to simulate the continuous evolution of inner and outer raceway damages, overcoming the limitations of traditional single-damage modes. Its automatic switching mechanism ensures uninterrupted simulation across multiple damage modes, enabling dynamic damage propagation analysis. The size and severity of raceway defects during the bearing's life cycle can be accurately inferred by analyzing the timing of vibration responses with defect estimation methods. This enables precise assessment of the bearing's health status. To validate this, fault bearings with varying damage types and sizes were manufactured and tested. The vibration signal analysis results have shown a good simulation-experiment agreement. The developed model provides a good candidate for digital twin modeling for the roller bearing condition monitoring.
Diversified multiplexing based on multi-dimensional light modulation of single-layered diatomic dielectric metasurface
Authors: Wu Rui , Jiang Xiquan , Jiang Kun , Ding Shuangshuang , Ma Jingwen , Gao Xinpeng , Zhou Changda , He Guoli , Teng Shuyun
Published: February 2025

A single-layered diatomic metasurface is proposed to manipulate multiple parameters of light field including the amplitude, phase and state of polarization and realize multiple channel holographic imaging. The diatom consists of two identical c-silicon nanopillars, complex amplitude holographic imaging, polarization multiplex imaging and structured light generation are realized by the rotated nanopillar array. Many applications are exemplified to verify the light manipulation abilities of the designed diatomic metasurfaces. The simple design, convenient operation and versatile functionalities of single-layered diatomic metasurface will pave the road for the applications of metasurfaces in optical integration and optical multiplexing.
Recursion operator of integrable lattices associated with Cauchy bi-orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Wu Wenjia , Wang Bao
Published: February 2025

We construct a recursion operator for a family of discrete integrable systems associated with Cauchy bi-orthogonal polynomials, utilizing its Lax representation. Moreover, we explicitly demonstrate the bi-Hamiltonian structures from a factorization of the recursion operator.
Dipole excitations properties in pseudo-mirror 162Er-166Yb nuclei
Authors: Demirci Saygı Nilufer
Published: February 2025

It has been known that pseudo-mirror nuclei having particle-hole symmetry reveal similar excitation patterns up to 10+ in yrast bands. The present work aims to determine the limit of symmetrical behavior of pseudo-mirror nuclei in the context of electric (E1) and magnetic (M1) dipole transitions. For the first time, this work investigated the electric and magnetic dipole excitation modes in particle-hole symmetric 162Er and 166Yb Pseudo-Mirror Nuclei (PMN) with the same NpNn numbers equal to 168, where the NpNn quantity is an indicator of this particle-hole symmetry. The B(E1↑) transition probabilities, splitting of dipole states into K=0 and K=1, and photo absorption cross-section of the E1 and the B(M1↑) transition probability, strength function including orbital and spin contribution of the M1transitions from the ground- to excited states in the PMN 162Er and 166Yb isotopes have been investigated within the Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation (QRPA) framework, which includes rotational (RI-), translational, and Galilean invariant (TGI-) components. The TALYS code has been employed to compare the photo absorption cross-sections obtained from TGI-QRPA.
A Graph Neural Network and Multi-Task Learning-Based Decoding Algorithm for Enhancing XZZX Code Stability in Biased Noise
Authors: Xiao Bo , Fan Zai-Xu , Sun Hui-Qian , Ma Hong-Yang , Fan Xing-Kui
Published: February 2025

Quantum error correction is a technique that enhances a system’s ability to combat noise by encoding logical information into additional quantum bits, which plays a key role in building practical quantum computers. The XZZX surface code, with only one stabilizer generator on each face, demonstrates significant application potential under biased noise. However, the existing Minimum Weight Perfect Matching (MWPM) algorithm has high computational complexity and lacks flexibility in large-scale systems. Therefore, this paper proposes a decoding method that combines Graph Neural Networks (GNN) with multi-classifiers,The syndrome is transformed into an undirected graph, and the features are aggregated by convolutional layers, providing a more efficient and accurate decoding strategy. In the experiments, we evaluated the performance of the XZZX code under different biased noise conditions (bias = 1,20,200) and different code distances (d=3,5,7,9,11). The experimental results show that under low bias noise (bias = 1), the GNN decoder achieves a threshold of 0.18386, an improvement of approximately 19.12% compared to the MWPM decoder. Under high bias noise (bias = 200), the GNN decoder reaches a threshold of 0.40542, improving by approximately 20.76%, overcoming the limitations of the conventional decoder.They demonstrate that the GNN decoding method exhibits superior performance and has broad application potential in the error correction of XZZX code.
Animal-robot interaction induces local enhancement in the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann
Authors: Romano Donato , Stefanini Cesare
Published: February 2025

Animal-robot interaction (ARI) is an emerging field that uses biomimetic robots to replicate biological cues, enabling controlled studies of animal behavior. This study investigates the potential for ARI systems to induce local enhancement (e.g., where animals are attracted to areas based on the presence or actions of conspecifics) in the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, a major agricultural pest. We developed biomimetic agents that mimic C. capitata in morphology and color, to explore their ability to trigger local enhancement. The study employed three categories of artificial agents: Full Biomimetic Agent (FBA), Partial Biomimetic Agent (PBA), and Non-Biomimetic Agent (NBA), in both motionless and moving states. Flies exposed to motionless FBAs showed a significant preference for areas containing these agents compared to areas with no agents. Similarly, moving FBAs also attracted more flies than stationary agents. Time spent in the release section before making a choice and the overall experiment duration were significantly shorter when conspecifics or moving FBAs were present, indicating that C. capitata is highly responsive to biomimetic cues, particularly motion. These results suggest that ARI systems can be effective tools for understanding and manipulating local enhancement in C. capitata, offering new opportunities for sustainable pest control in agricultural contexts. Overall, this research demonstrates the potential of ARI as an innovative, sustainable approach to insect population control, with broad applications in both fundamental behavioral research and integrated pest management.
Progress of surface modifications of temporary anchorage devices: a review
Authors: Li Menghong , Sun Yuanyuan , Kuitert Reinder , Wang Mingjie , Kou Wen , Hu Min , Liu Yuelian
Published: February 2025

Temporary anchorage devices (TADs) have evolved as useful anchorage providers for orthodontic tooth movements. To improve the stability of TADs, a number of modifications on their surface have been developed and investigated. This review comprehensively summarizes recent findings of clinically applied surface modifications of TADs and compared the biological improvement of these modifications. We focused on sandblasting, large-grit, acid etching (SLA), anodic oxidation (AO) and ultraviolet photofunctionalization (UVP). In vitro, in vivo and clinical studies of these surface modifications on TADs with clear explanations, low possibility of bias and published in English were included. Studies demonstrated that SLA, AO and UVP enhance cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation in vitro. The biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of TAD surface are improved in vivo. However, in clinical studies, the changes are generally not so impressive. Furthermore, this review highlights the promising potential in combinations of different modifications. In addition, some other surface modifications, for instance, the biomimetic calcium phosphate coating, deserve to be proposed as future strategies.
Synthesis and application of chitosan nanoparticles for bone tissue regeneration
Authors: Li Jian , Fan Chun , Zhao Baodong , Liang Ye
Published: February 2025

Bone defects, resulting from trauma, tumor removal, infection, or congenital anomalies, are increasingly prevalent in clinical practice. Progress in bone tissue engineering (BTE) has significantly advanced bone regeneration techniques. Chitosan-based nanoparticles (ChNPs) have emerged as a promising drug delivery system due to their inherent ability to enhance bone regeneration. These nanoparticles can extend the activity of osteogenic factors while ensuring their controlled release. Common synthesis methods for ChNPs include ionic gelation, complex coacervation, and polyelectrolyte complexation. ChNPs have demonstrated effectiveness in bone regeneration by delivering osteogenic agents, including DNA/RNA, proteins, and therapeutics. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent studies on ChNPs in bone regeneration, sourced from the PubMed database. It examines their synthesis techniques, advantages as drug delivery systems, incorporation into scaffold materials, and the challenges that remain in the field.