bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of posterior capsule integrity in posterior polar cataracts using anterior segment OCT
Authors: Elango Mudaliar Ashwini , Bosco Arokiam John , Thanikachalam S , Kavitha Josephine R
Published: December 2023

Background:

Posterior polar cataracts (PPC) pose a great surgical challenge to ophthalmic surgeons. Main intraoperative surgical concerns are increased risk of posterior capsular rupture (PCR), vitreous loss, and nuclear drop. Traditional assessment of posterior capsule integrity utilizing anterior segment- optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) requires training, and it is a time-consuming process. Recent techniques of posterior capsule assessment need additional software installation, raising the cost of investigation for the patient. This video demonstrates a time-saving method to assess posterior capsular integrity using regular AS-OCT, which can be learnt and practiced easily in outpatient department (OPD).

Purpose:

Ultrasound and 20 D lens mounted on posterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) are some of the popular methods to assess the posterior capsule. Such techniques need training and are laborious. Our technique used to assess posterior capsule integrity in PPC using AS-OCT is simple, time saving, and can be easily practiced.

Synopsis:

The technique described requires AS-OCT lens to be mounted on the lens aperture. The console panel is set to scan on scleral mode. AS-OCT is advanced to capture the cornea, anterior capsule, and posterior capsule. Intact posterior capsule is visualized as a continuous well-defined hyper-reflective layer, and any break in the continuity of this hyper-reflective layer suggests posterior capsule dehiscence, which can further be studied based on literature classifications.

Highlights:

(1) Importance of proper preoperative assessment in cases of PPC. (2) Detailed technique of using anterior segment OCT module in acquiring scans of posterior capsule in PPC. (3) How to find whether the posterior capsule is intact versus dehiscent. (4) Clinical cases showing utility of this technique. (5) Uses and benefits

Video link:

https://youtu.be/AohMG4jT13M
Eye Donation Counsellor Skill Evaluation Tool (EDC-SET): A step toward improved eye donation counseling
Authors: Nathawat Rakhi , Farooqui Javed Hussain , Majumdar Atanu , Acharya Manisha
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

The expansion of the Hospital Corneal Retrieval Programme (HCRP) and the role of Eye Donation Counsellors (EDCs) have shown promising results in increasing donor cornea availability. To further enhance EDC competency and improve cornea availability for transplantation, the study proposes the Eye Donation Counsellor Skill Evaluation Tool (EDC‐SET). Key words: Competency assessment, corneal blindness, Eye Donation Counsellors (EDCs), eye health, Hospital Corneal Retrieval Programme (HCRP), skill evaluation.

Methods:

A competency framework for EDCs and a tool for evaluation of the competency level (EDC-SET) was designed, along with scripts for emulating realistic counselling scenarios. Independent assessors were trained on using EDC-SET and evaluated EDCs participating in role-plays based on the pre-designed scripts. EDCs were briefed a priori on the EDC-SET but not on the role play scripts which were used during evaluation.

Results:

We piloted the tool at a tertiary eye hospital, and it was found to capture EDC competency reliably. The study evaluated seven EDCs each assessed by two independent assessors. Conformity, kappa, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were calculated to estimate the parameter‐wise reliability of the EDC‐SET. The results suggest that the scores from both assessors closely matched for most of the parameters, and overall, their ratings showed moderate agreement. The difficulty level of each parameter as assessed by the two assessors was also calculated. It was observed that most participants found “Initiation of the Case” and “Empathy and Emotional Support” challenging. However, “Body Language,” “Cultural Awareness,” and “Attentiveness to Family Dynamics” were perceived as relatively easy or not difficult by participants.

Conclusion:

Evaluation of EDCs using EDC-SET revealed the varying competency levels of EDCs and showed agreement on the evaluation between the assessors. Implementing the EDC‐SET could help standardise the mapping and measurement of the skill set of EDCs, thereby enhancing their performance and reducing corneal blindness in India.
Trends in keratoplasty from central and Northern India. Part I: Indications for keratoplasty
Authors: Parmar Gautam , Chatterjee Samrat , Kapur Neha , Gomase Sharad N , Khurana Ashi , Borde Prashant , Acharya Manisha , Sangwan Virendra S , Majumdar Atanu
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To report the indications for keratoplasty and analyze trends in two decades in India.

Methods:

This was a retrospective review of eye bank registries of six tertiary eye care centers located in central and northern India from 2005 to 2021. The patterns of corneal pathology and changes in trends were analyzed.

Results:

Between 2005 and 2021, 13223 corneal grafts were performed in the six collaborating tertiary eye care centers. The most common indication for keratoplasty in both decades was corneal ulcer (41.1%), followed by corneal scar (25.5%), failed graft (12.0%), post-cataract surgery corneal edema (11.7%), corneal dystrophies (3.1%), corneal ectasia (1.8%), corneal trauma (0.3%), congenital corneal opacity (0.3%), and others (4.1%). An increasing trend was seen in corneal ulcers, failed grafts, and keratoconus. A reducing trend was seen in corneal scar and aphakic bullous keratopathy. There was no change in pseudophakic bullous keratopathy and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.

Conclusion:

Corneal ulcers, corneal scars, failed grafts, and post-cataract surgery corneal edema remained the foremost indications for keratoplasty in two decades in India. An increasing trend was seen in corneal ulcers and failed grafts which are of concern as these indications carry a poorer outcome. Capacity building in lamellar keratoplasty techniques is the need of the hour as pseudophakic bullous keratopathy was an important indication, and an increasing trend was noticed in keratoconus.
Long-term outcomes of tailored stromal expansion with refractive lenticule for crosslinking thin corneas
Authors: Sachdev Gitansha S , Thulasidas Mithun , Sachdev Mahipal S
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To assess the long-term safety and stability of visual outcomes following the modified technique of collagen crosslinking (CXL) using refractive lenticule in eyes with thin corneas (<400 µm) and progressive keratoconus.

Setting:

A tertiary eye care hospital in India.

Design:

Prospective, interventional case series.

Methods:

Eyes with progressive keratoconus and thin corneas (<400 µm) underwent CXL with intraoperative stromal augmentation using a refractive lenticule obtained from small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Preoperative and postoperative evaluation (3 months, and then yearly thereafter) included corneal tomography (Oculus Pentacam), uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA and CDVA, respectively), manifest refraction, and endothelial cell count (specular microscopy), and adverse events, if any, were noted. The patients were followed up for a period of 5 years.

Results:

Seven eyes were included in the analysis. Mean corneal flattening of -4.29 D was noted from preoperative maximum keratometry (P = 0.018). An improvement in UDVA and CDVA of 0.38 logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) and 0.36 logMAR, respectively, was noted at 5 years postoperative visit. Four eyes demonstrated a gain of two lines in CDVA. Mean spherical equivalent improved from −6.85 D preoperatively to −6.05 D at 5 years postoperatively. Clear demarcation line was noted between 230 to 270 µm on anterior segment optical coherence topography. No significant endothelial cell loss was noted postoperatively.

Conclusion:

Long-term outcomes demonstrated safety and disease stability following lenticule-assisted CXL.
Evaluating the utility of inflammation score in post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis. Results from a prospective study in India. EMS Report #4
Authors: Das Taraprasad , Belenje Akash , Joseph Joveeta , Pandey Suchita , Behera Umesh , Dave Vivek Pravin ,   on behalf of the EMS working group
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To investigate if inflammation score (IS), calculated from the cornea, anterior chamber, iris, and vitreous, indicates endophthalmitis severity.

Methods:

In a prospective study, consecutive adults with a clinical diagnosis of post-cataract endophthalmitis within 6 weeks of surgery were recruited. Patients were allocated to IS-based primary treatment (IS < 10: intravitreal injection and IS ≥ 10: vitrectomy) and randomized to two intravitreal antibiotics combinations (vancomycin + ceftazidime and vancomycin + imipenem). Undiluted vitreous microbiology work-up included culture susceptibility, polymerase chain reaction, Sanger sequencing, and targeted next-generation sequencing.

Results:

The average age of 175 people was 63.4 ± 10.7 years and included 52.6% small incision cataract surgery and 47.4% phacoemulsification surgery. Severe endophthalmitis (IS ≥ 20), diagnosed in 27.4% of people, had a shorter time to symptoms (average 5.4 vs 8.7 days; P = 0.018), poorer presenting vision (all ≤ hand motion), higher culture positivity (50% vs 30.7%; P = 0.032), and higher Gram-negative bacterial infection (70.8% vs 46.2%; P = 0.042). For IS ≥ 20 discriminant and Gram-negative infection, Spearman’s coefficient was 0.7 [P < 0.0001, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59–0.82], with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9 (95% CI 0.85–0.94, P < 0.0001), a Youden index J of 0.74, a sensitivity of 87.2%, and a specificity of 87.5%. The final vision of >20/400 and >20/100 was regained in 50.2% and 29.1% of people, respectively. The susceptibility of common Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli was the highest for vancomycin (95.0%) and colistin (88.6%), respectively. NGS detected polymicrobial infection in 88.5% of culture-negative endophthalmitis.

Conclusions:

Higher inflammation scores indicated severe disease and Gram-negative infection in post-cataract endophthalmitis.
Comparative Evaluation of Sealing Ability of Three Different Materials as Barriers to Coronal Microleakage in Root-Filled Teeth: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Jain Mahima S. , Paliwal Mukesh , Sundesha Manish , Almalki Sultan Abdulrahman , Jameel AlBandary H. Al , Gowdar Inderjit M. , Arya Sugandha
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To compare the sealing ability of three different materials when used as postendodontic restoration barriers to coronal microleakage in root-filled teeth.

Materials and Methods:

In the present study, 60 single-rooted mandibular premolars with single canals were selected. After endodontic treatment was done with protaper files, they were divided into three groups of 20 teeth each, which were restored with Zirconomer (Group I), Hi-Dense (Group II), and Surefil composite (Group III), respectively. After storing in artificial saliva for 10 days, all teeth were then immersed in Rhodamine 6G fluorescent dye. Teeth were then sectioned buccolingually in a longitudinal direction. The coronal microleakage was measured in both halves under a fluorescence microscope and images were taken with a digital camera. Data obtained from the study in the form of scoring as per specific criteria was subjected to statistical analysis.

Result:

Results of the study showed that the minimum amount of coronal microleakage was seen in Group II restored with Hi-Dense followed by Group III restored with Surefil Composite and the maximum amount of coronal microleakage was seen in Group I restored with Zirconomer.

Conclusion:

On the basis of the results of the present study, it may be concluded that Hi-Dense showed better coronal sealing ability in access cavities. Surefil composite exhibited coronal microleakage less than Zirconomer but more than Hi-Dense.
Preoperative Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Perforation Peritonitis
Authors: Raj Dheeraj , Singh Yogita , Kumar Chandan , Rathore Abhishek Singh
Published: December 2023

Background:

Perforation peritonitis is the most common surgical emergency in India. Despite advances in surgical techniques, antimicrobial therapy and intensive care support, management of peritonitis continues to be highly demanding, difficult and complex. The spectrum of etiology of perforation continues to be different from that of western countries and there is paucity of data from India regarding it’s etiology, prognostic indicators, morbidity and mortality patterns.

Aims and Objective:

Our research sought to show the variety of perforation peritonitis that we encountered at the LLRM Medical College and Hospital Meerut as Despite the fact that perforation peritonitis has implications that contemporary surgeons cannot avoid but by applying preoperative predictors effectively, they can diagnose a patient’s condition and reduce the mortality burden on society.

Materials and Methods:

Seventy consecutive patients admitted to LLRM MEDICAL COLLEGE MEERUT with perforation peritonitis, of age more than 12 years scheduled for emergency laparotomy were studied prospectively. The parameters studied were age and sex of the patients, history of chronic smoking ,duration of symptoms, SBP, pulse rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation on presentation ,delay in initiating surgical intervention, and preoperative biochemical parameters such as hemoglobin and serum creatinine. In-hospital mortality was taken as the outcome.

Results:

We encountered a mortality of 24.28% in our study. Multiple linear (enter) regression identified the age, duration of symptoms, SBP on presentation, SPO2 on presentation respiratory rate on presentation, serum creatinine levels, and the delay in instituting surgical intervention as independent predictors of mortality.

Conclusion:

Routine biochemical investigations, delay in presentation and surgical intervention are good predictors of mortality. Recognizing such patients early with risk stratification and providing early goal-directed therapy can improve the outcome.
A Prospective Study on Efficacy of Foam Sclerotherapy in the Management of Varicose Vein
Authors: Dwivedi Surjeet Kumar , Jha Rakesh Kumar , Kumar Lanka Praveen , Sinha Chandan , Dwivedi Sabita
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Varicose vein is a common problem. It affects 10%–20% of the population in the Western world, but in India, its incidence is around 5%. There are 150,000 new cases diagnosed each year, with an estimated cost of half a billion dollars annually for their care. There is no single treatment that fits all. Foam sclerotherapy (FST) is one of the proven modalities of treatment for varicose veins. It has the advantage of being minimally invasive, office procedure, cheap, and faster return to work. However, its efficacy and outcomes vary in various studies. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of FST in the management of varicose veins.

Materials and Methods:

This was a prospective observational study, which was conducted between August 1, 2016, and February 28, 2018, at a multispecialty armed forces hospital. In this, the clinical profile of patients with varicose veins and the effectiveness of FST as a treatment modality was studied in 36 patients. All patients underwent FST with polidocanol (ASKLEROL), 3%, 60 mg/2 mL, under strict asepsis and ultrasound (USG) guidance and they were followed up for 1 year.

Results:

FST revealed high patient satisfaction quotient (87%), improved quality of life, and primary success in 93% of patients on Doppler USG (DUS), less postprocedural analgesia requirement, and faster return to work.

Conclusion:

USG-guided FST is a safe, fast, and effective modality of treatment for varicose veins and seems to be more beneficial especially for smaller, recurrent, and remnant varicosities.
Revving Up Risk: The Surge of Superbikes in India and its Impact on Road Traffic Accidents
Authors: Bhatacharya Sudip , Kumar Vishal
Published: December 2023

In 2021, India recorded over 412,000 accidents, causing nearly 154,000 deaths, with the 18-45 age groups being most affected. The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has implemented various measures, including vehicle and road improvements, educational campaigns, and the 2019 Motor Vehicle (Amendment) Act. They’re also employing technology like Integrated Road Accident Database (iRAD) and e-Detailed Accident Report (eDAR) for real-time accident analysis. The subsequent section highlights the significant growth of the luxury motorcycle market in India. Factors driving this include rising disposable income, a shift in perception of superbikes as a lifestyle statement, expanded exposure through events and media, enhanced dealership networks, and customization options. The popularity of long-distance touring and adventure riding further fuels this trend. However, a disparity exists between the rise of superbikes and road development. Poor road conditions, traffic congestion, and a lack of safety measures hinder the riding experience. Additionally, limited access to remote areas and insufficient road safety education contribute to the problem. The anticipated issue is the escalating rate of road accidents, with vulnerable road users at heightened risk. The report also outlines common injuries from motorcycle accidents, ranging from head injuries to psychological trauma. The way forward advocates for cautious riding in India, given existing road conditions. Manufacturers are urged to promote road safety, provide insurance, and collaborate with organizations for road maintenance. Riders pursuing adventure or off-road experiences should prioritize safety by appropriately equipping their superbikes. At a policy level, initiatives like roadside warnings and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training for traffic police can significantly enhance road safety. Overall, synchronized development between high-end superbikes and road infrastructure is crucial to curbing further casualties and disabilities in India.
Higher dimensional algebraic fiberings for pro-p groups
Authors: Kochloukova Dessislava H.
Published: December 2023

We prove some conditions for higher-dimensional algebraic fibering of pro-p group extensions, and we establish corollaries about incoherence of pro-p groups. In particular, if
$1 \to K \to G \to \Gamma \to 1$
is a short exact sequence of pro-p groups, such that
$\Gamma $
contains a finitely generated, non-abelian, free pro-p subgroup, K a finitely presented pro-p group with N a normal pro-p subgroup of K such that
$K/ N \simeq \mathbb {Z}_p$
and N not finitely generated as a pro-p group, then G is incoherent (in the category of pro-p groups). Furthermore, we show that if K is a finitely generated, free pro-p group with
$d(K) \geq 2$
, then either
$\mathrm{Aut}_0(K)$
is incoherent (in the category of pro-p groups) or there is a finitely presented pro-p group, without non-procyclic free pro-p subgroups, that has a metabelian pro-p quotient that is not finitely presented, i.e., a pro-p version of a result of Bieri–Strebel does not hold.
Symmetric and antisymmetric tensor products for the function-theoretic operator theorist
Authors: Garcia Stephan Ramon , O’Loughlin Ryan , Yu Jiahui
Published: December 2023

We study symmetric and antisymmetric tensor products of Hilbert-space operators, focusing on norms and spectra for some well-known classes favored by function-theoretic operator theorists. We pose many open questions that should interest the field.
A method for solution of a mixed boundary value problem for a hyperbolic type equation using the operators $\mathbb{AT}_{\lambda,j}$
Authors: Trynin Alexandr Yurevich
Published: December 2023

A mixed boundary value problem with arbitrary continuous, not necessarily satisfying
boundary conditions, functions in initial conditions and inhomogeneities of the equation
is solved. A method is proposed for finding a generalized solution by a modification of the interpolation
operators of functions constructed from solutions of Cauchy problems with second-order
differential expression. Methods of finding the Fourier coefficients of auxiliary functions using
the Stieltjes integral or the resolvent of the third-order Cauchy differential operator are proposed.
Aluminum Alloy, Plate 3.5Cu - 1.0Li - 0.40Mg - 0.35Mn - 0.45Ag - 0.12Zr (2050-T84) Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved, and Artificially Aged
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: December 2023

This specification covers an aluminum-lithium alloy in the form of plate 0.500 to 8.000 inches (12.70 to 203.20 mm), inclusive, in thickness (see 8.5).
SLEEVE, HOSE ASSEMBLY, CHAFE GUARD, TFE OR FEP
Authors:   G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Published: December 2023

SCOPE IS UNAVAILABLE.
SLEEVE, HOSE ASSEMBLY, CHAFE GUARD, BUTYRATE COIL
Authors:   G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Published: December 2023

SCOPE IS UNAVAILABLE.
Laboratory Measurement of Vibration Damping Properties Using Mechanical Impedance Method at the Center of a Bar
Authors:   Acoustical Materials Committee
Published: December 2023

This SAE Recommended Practice describes a laboratory test procedure for measuring the composite loss factor and bending stiffness properties of a system consisting of a damping material bonded to a vibrating bar which is excited at the center. The bar could be a steel, aluminum, glass, or other metal or composite bar that would be used in ground vehicles, marine products, and aircraft. The damping materials could be homogeneous, nonhomogeneous, a combination of homogeneous and nonhomogeneous, used in conjunction without or with an inelastic material (such as aluminum foil) in an extensional layer or a constrained layer configuration. The damping material could be a heat bondable material, adhesive backed sheet material, sprayable coating material, or other kinds of viscoelastic materials.

The damping procedure discussed here provides means to measure damping over a range of frequencies and temperatures found applicable and useable for different transportation systems. The term composite refers to the combination of the vibrating bar and damping material. The composite loss factor is dependent upon the thickness, damping, and modulus of both the vibrating bar and the damping material layer. In many applications the vibrating bar is made of steel. However, in many other applications, the vibrating bar could be different than steel and the frequency range of vibration could also be different. This test methodology does recommend three specific bar sizes based on the vibrating bar material and the general frequency range of interest. However, it also explains and provides the equation that is to be used to size the bar and provides suggestions on the bar size depending on the type of bar material and thickness.

This document provides a means of rank ordering damping materials according to their composite loss factor values from test samples that represent typical applications for a given vibrating bar. However, the method can also be used to determine the damping performance of the bar by itself, such as steel, aluminum, glass, composites, etc.
Pariška zapuščina Janeza Matičiča – Svoboda dvojnosti
Authors: Pompe Gregor
Published: December 2023

Po smrti skladatelja Janeza Matičiča (1926–2022) je del njegove zapuščine ostal tudi v njegovem pariškem stanovanju. Ta zapuščina zaobsega skladateljeve dokumente, korespondenco, arhiv fotografij, fonoteko, notni material in nekaj osebnih ter tehničnih predmetov. Najzanimivejši del gotovo predstavlja korespondenca, v kateri prevladujejo pisma, ki so jih skladatelju pisali člani družine, nato pa tudi intimni prijatelji in glasbeniški sopotniki. Iz teh pisem je bilo mogoče izluščiti nekatere nove podrobnosti o skladateljevem pariškem vsakdanu in tudi nekaj novih razlogov, zakaj je skladatelj namesto treh mesecev v Parizu ostal nekaj desetletij. Spoznanja o skladateljevi osebnosti je bilo mogoče povezati z nekateri njegovimi osrednjimi estetskimi in kompozicijsko-tehničnimi značilnostmi.
Riesgo de transmisión de citomegalovirus congénito en el área norte de Madrid
Authors: De la Calle Fernández-Miranda Maria , Fierro Alonso Angela , Pellicer Espinosa Irene , Bartha Rasero Jose Luis
Published: December 2023

Introducción: El citomegalovirus (CMV) es la causa más común de infección congénita en los países desarrollados. La avidez de CMV-IgG puede ser útil para el manejo de la gestación. 
Método: Estudio retrospectivo de gestantes con CMV-IgM+ e IgG+ en el primer trimestre del embarazo controladas en el Hospital La Paz (Madrid) entre 2018 y 2022. 
Resultados: Se incluyeron 98 gestantes. La avidez de CMV-IgG fue baja en 63 casos (64%). Se realizó amniocentesis en 62 casos y 12 (19,3%) tuvieron CMV-PCR positiva e infección fetal. Cinco recién nacidos presentaron síntomas al nacer (7,9%). Entre las gestantes con alta avidez (n=35), se realizó amniocentesis en 19 (54%), siendo todas negativas y teniendo todos PCR de CMV en orina negativa al nacimiento. El riesgo de transmisión vertical fue significativamente menor en comparación con las gestantes con baja avidez de IgG (p<0,0001).
Conclusiones: En el área Norte de Madrid, la mayoría de las infecciones por CMV son primoinfecciones. El riesgo de CMV congénito es muy bajo cuando la avidez de IgG es alta (reactivación o enfermedad latente) en el primer trimestre.
Cerambycidae em plantio homogêneo de Bertholletia excelsa no norte de Mato Grosso
Authors: Martins e Silva Marcus Henrique , Garlet Juliana , Silva Fernando Luiz , Paula Carla da Silva
Published: December 2023

O cultivo de castanha-do-pará (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) em sistemas homogêneos tende a se tornar cada vez mais importante, especialmente em razão da valorização comercial das amêndoas. Os cerambicídeos possuem grande importância econômica para o setor florestal, já que ocasionam danos aos produtos florestais, o que torna relevante avançar na compreensão destas coleobrocas em plantios homogêneos. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de cerambicídeos em plantio homogêneo de castanha-do-pará no Norte de Mato Grosso. O levantamento foi realizado com 12 armadilhas etanólicas, distribuídas em uma área de 28 ha. Após as coletas em campo, durante quatro períodos de amostragem entre os anos de 2018-2019, os dados de identificação das espécies foram tabulados e realizada análise quantitativa. Foram amostrados 28 indivíduos distribuídos em seis espécies, sendo Trachyderes succinctus e Chlorida festiva as mais representativas. O baixo número de espécies amostradas pode ter sido influenciado pelo método de amostragem, o qual foi baseado em um único tipo de armadilha. De todo modo, registros de Cerambycidae em plantios homogêneos de castanha-do-pará demonstram a importância do monitoramento de coleobrocas para o embasamento de estratégias de manejo integrado de pragas, visando à sustentabilidade da produção.
Efficient Evaluation of Arbitrary Relational Calculus Queries
Authors: Raszyk Martin , Basin David , Krstić Srđan , Traytel Dmitriy
Published: December 2023

The relational calculus (RC) is a concise, declarative query language.
However, existing RC query evaluation approaches are inefficient and often
deviate from established algorithms based on finite tables used in database
management systems. We devise a new translation of an arbitrary RC query into
two safe-range queries, for which the finiteness of the query's evaluation
result is guaranteed. Assuming an infinite domain, the two queries have the
following meaning: The first is closed and characterizes the original query's
relative safety, i.e., whether given a fixed database, the original query
evaluates to a finite relation. The second safe-range query is equivalent to
the original query, if the latter is relatively safe. We compose our
translation with other, more standard ones to ultimately obtain two SQL
queries. This allows us to use standard database management systems to evaluate
arbitrary RC queries. We show that our translation improves the time complexity
over existing approaches, which we also empirically confirm in both realistic
and synthetic experiments.
A post-truth korszak és a hagyományos újságírás alkonya
Authors:   University of Arts Târgu Mureş, Kuti Csongor
Published: December 2023

In 2016, the Brexit referendum brought about a new phenomenon, which has been referred ever since as “post-truth politics”. (Conrad et al. 2023) The phenomenon developed into an era, arguably representing the strongest challenge for Enlightenment’s ideals since the Holocaust. Authors have observed that the idea of truth had lost from its significance in media discourse. Whereas truth as a criteria for validating knowledge represents one of the foundations of Enlightenment (Capilla 2020). This article explores the rationale and the possibilities for traditional media after losing its authority as a truth-seeking institution, missing a coherent, consensual and applicable definition of truth (Godler 2019). Traditional media cannot be interpreted anymore as a guardian of truth, but rather as a mediator. In this context, a survival-scenario for traditional media could be to find and present the most reliable and acceptable version of competing narratives (Michailidou and Trenz 2021).
A dokumentumfilm-tervek piaci követelményeiről és ezek átalakulásáról – első rész
Authors:   Sapientia Erdélyi Magyar Tudományegyetem, Lakatos Róbert
Published: December 2023

The international market of the documentary projects – the so called “pitching forums” – was formed about 30 years ago at the International Documentary Forum Amsterdam (IDFA) film festival. There the commissioning editors of different documentary TV slots could pre-buy the films at the level of project. Many documentaries could be made thanks to those pre-buys. After a while, many similar financing forums were formed in different countries, connected to different festivals, and they continue to play an important role regarding the documentary productions, although, due to the decreasing number of the documentary TV slots, it is more and more difficult to get financing at such forums. But they started to play an important role in the distribution of the films. Those who are not promoting their film at the level of project, have difficulties in the distribution of the completed film. This study is based on the personal experience of the author, who as film director and producer participated at preparation classes for different pitching forums, so he could observe not only the development of his projects, but also of the projects of the other participants. This study is also about the formal requirements of the documentary film projects presented at such pitching forums.
O CONCEITO BIG DATA NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Esposito Geli Eliane , Neves Ana Rodrigues , Cruz Anderson Junior da Silva , Arseno Elaine Fátima , Burin Geliane Regina Esposito
Published: December 2023

As novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) tem se atualizado com o passar dos anos, de modo a trazer inúmeros benefícios para a vida das pessoas de uma forma geral em praticamente todas as áreas. Desse modo, nos processos educacionais, não há mais como não incluí-las, uma vez que elas já fazem parte do cotidiano da maioria das crianças e jovens da atualidade. Todo esse processo gera uma quantidade grande de dados a respeito dos alunos e das práticas realizadas pelos docentes, as quais podem ser geradas automaticamente e armazenadas para análise. Tendo em vista que a quantidade de dados gerados pode ser bem significativa, uma técnica tem despontado como apropriada para análise, chamada de big data. Sendo assim, o presente estudo apresenta o conceito de big data como uma tecnologia aliada ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem, de maneira a se verificar seus benefícios e desafios em sua implementação no contexto educacional. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica em materiais como livros, artigos, revistas, monografias, teses, para fundamentar este trabalho, assim como para se alcançar o objetivo estabelecido. Ao final, o que se viu é que esse recursos pode servir de suporte para envolver aspectos fundamentais que permitirão uma melhor compreensão a respeito do que influencia e o que gera interferência no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Com isso, entende-se que o ensino proporcionado se torne mais significativo, de maneira que os alunos tenham meios mais eficientes para a obtenção e retenção dos conhecimentos.
A RELEVÂNCIA DO DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL NA APRENDIZAGEM AUTOGERIDA ON-LINE E-LEARNING
Authors: Machado João Carlos , Araújo Adriana Persin de , Almeida Agnólia Pereira de , Andrade Clair de , Nascimento José Leônidas Alves do
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir como o design instrucional contribui para a efetivação da aprendizagem autogerida junto ao estudante. Outro item necessário para o desenvolvimento de uma reflexão proposta é analisar as vantagens e as desvantagens desse tipo de aprendizagem na sociedade atual. Ademais, apresentar um panorama dos processos e etapas que devem ser seguidas pelos profissionais da educação, bem como o papel do estudante nesse modelo educacional de ensino/aprendizagem. Assim, a pergunta norteadora deste artigo foi: qual a importância do design instrucional na aprendizagem autogerida on-line e-learning? Para responde-la, o artigo visa refletir a respeito da educação contemporânea que abrange a EAD e a aprendizagem autogerida, bem como o papel do aluno e do design instrucional no contexto atual da educação e-learning para a efetivação dessa aprendizagem. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, exploratória de artigos científicos e bibliografias com embasamento na temática. A partir desse panorama, pretendeu-se compreender a relação entre aprendizagem autogerida e design instrucional, bem como sua importância no cenário educacional contemporâneo.
APRENDIZAGEM AUTOGERIDA E DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL
Authors: Pena Renata Carvalho Durães , Stekich Cássia Danielle Lonardoni do Nascimento , Ribeiro Helena Maria , Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana , Silva Tatiana Petúlia Araújo da
Published: December 2023

Os Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem, ou como são mais conhecidos, AVAs, são uma ferramenta fundamental para a operacionalização dos fundamentos do atual modelo de ensino e aprendizagem, o online. Com o objetivo de compreender este universo que migra do presencial para o virtual, esta pesquisa levanta aspectos importantes da Aprendizagem Autogerida e do Design Instrucional, refletindo sobre sua aplicabilidade e funcionalidade em ambientes virtuais. A partir desta análise, este artigo contribui com uma reflexão acerca do Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) da Must University, predominantemente no que está relacionado à disposição de conteúdo, layout e interação aluno-tutor. À luz destas abordagens e fundamentando a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, a autora elucida algumas relações entre a comunicação efetiva (escrita e oral), sobressaindo-se um olhar humanista sobre os ambientes virtuais e pondera possibilidades de um ensino virtual pautado por uma vivência e/ou experiência mais “realistas”, contribuindo para proporcionar uma maior proximidade entre o aluno e o conteúdo estudado.
Utopia e distopia nas letras pós-modernas: Uma análise de "Eles eram muitos cavalos", de Luiz Ruffato
Authors: Nogueira do Amaral Andréa
Published: December 2023

O rompimento com as tradições e o desaparecimento do sentimento de história fizeram com que o novo tecido social começasse a perder, aos poucos, a necessidade de guardar o passado e passasse a viver um presente contínuo. Esses sinais podem ser observados na arte, na literatura e na dinâmica social como um todo, assim como revelam o momento de esgotamento do projeto moderno de sociedade e o avanço de uma nova ordem social proveniente das condições pós-modernas. Neste sentido, este artigo propõe analisar utopia e distopia no romance “Eles eram muitos cavalos”, de Luiz Ruffato, como aspecto legitimador da pós-modernidade, assim como o pastiche proposital utilizado pelo autor como forma de revelar a realidade social contemporânea. Para isso, verifica as características da modernidade na obra de Oswald de Andrade, Memórias Sentimentais de João Miramar e a trajetória para chegar a pós-modernidade revelada na narrativa de Luiz Ruffato, além de apresentar o consumo como triunfo da pós-modernidade e causador importante de utopia e distopia na obra.
Povos indígenas e meio ambiente: Uma relação entre preconceitos e o interesse nacional
Authors: Antunes Vieira Fábio , Mendes Leandro de Aquino , Almeida Leila de Souza
Published: December 2023

Nos últimos anos, sobretudo durante o governo Bolsonaro, o Brasil caminhou no sentido contrário a valorização de seu capital natural. Em relação à floresta amazônica, por exemplo, o desmatamento ameaça sua existência enquanto floresta tropical e tem ocasionado desequilíbrio da regulação das chuvas, além de danos ambientais em nível global. Diante de tal perspectiva fatalista, cumpre ao poder público e a sociedade civil organizada buscarem alternativas que garantam o usufruto sustentável do capital natural nacional, de modo a viabilizar a continuidade da vida em suas múltiplas dimensões. Para tanto, nenhuma discussão poderia prescindir o conhecimento dos povos indígenas que, pautados por uma relação mais harmoniosa com a “mãe terra”, evidenciam ser possível conciliar preservação ambiental com exploração econômica. Contudo, vítimas de preconceitos, violências e cobiça por suas terras, eles têm sido alijados do processo decisório. Considerando o contexto apresentado, o objetivo deste artigo consiste em inscrever os povos indígenas em meio ao debate ambiental no Brasil, sobretudo no que tange a economia verde, de modo a evidenciar que, contrariamente ao senso comum, os ditos “homens brancos” precisam mais deles, que o oposto.
EXPLORING THE HORIZON OF SCIENCE: A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO AI ETHICS
Authors: Stojadinović Miloš
Published: December 2023

In recent years, a modern field of artificial intelligence (AI) ethics has been emerging. Today, there is virtually no sphere of social functioning untouched by AI in one form or another. Furthermore, the functional autonomy possessed by these intelligent systems is rapidly increasing. All indications suggest that this trend will continue and likely intensify in the near future. In this process, it is natural for important questions to arise that warrant thorough philosophical and psychological analysis. Timely engagement with these issues could prevent potential disagreements and unwanted outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide a brief introduction to the emerging field of AI ethics, highlighting the problems and questions that the contemporary field of AI ethics addresses. It is based on the recognition of the inseparability of any ethical discussion from its psychological antecedents and consequences. The paper will first delve into the definition of artificial intelligence, as well as the definition of AI ethics and its subject of inquiry. It will then explore the most significant questions and issues in AI ethics (in terms of urgency), including autonomous systems, machine bias, the problem of opacity (i.e., the “black box” problem), machine consciousness, technological singularity, and other important topics addressed by AI ethics. Finally, the paper will discuss the researchers and professionals engaged in AI ethics, the interest of psychologists in AI ethics, and their potentially critical role in this emerging scientific field.
О нормальных подгруппах группового представления дерева Кэли
Authors: Haydarov F.H.
Published: December 2023

Gibbs measure plays an important role in statistical mechanics. On a Cayley tree, for describing periodic Gibbs measures for models in statistical mechanics we need subgroups of the group representation of the Cayley tree. A normal subgroup of the group representation of the Cayley tree keeps the invariance property which is a significant tool in finding Gibbs measures. By this occasion, a full description of normal subgroups of the group representation of the Cayley tree is a significant problem in Gibbs measure theory. For instance, in~[1, 2] a full description of normal subgroups of indices four, six, eight, and ten for the group representation of a Cayley tree is given. The present paper is a generalization of these papers, i.\,e., in this paper, for any odd prime number $p$, we give a characterization of the normal subgroups of indices~$2n$, $n\in\{p, 2p\}$ and $2^i, i\in \mathbb{N},$ of the group representation of the Cayley tree.
GENRE AND STYLE SEARCHES OF OSSETIAN CHILDREN'S LITERATURE OF THE LATE XX – EARLY XXI CENTURY
Authors: БРИТАЕВА А.Б.
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена жанровому и стилевому развитию осетинской детской литературы конца XX – начала XXI в. как неотъемлемой части осетинской художественной словесности. В работе обзорно рассматриваются процессы, происходящие в различных жанрах: авторской сказке, повести, малых прозаических жанрах, поэзии, драматургии, в переводной литературе. Особое внимание уделяется новаторским явлениям и преемственности традиций в развитии детской литературы, ее познавательному и воспитательному потенциалу. Цель исследования – представить состояние, особенности развития и жанровое многообразие осетинской детской литературы на современном этапе. Актуальность изыскания обусловлена необходимостью анализа процессов, происходящих в осетинской детской литературе. Научная новизна работы определяется тем, что впервые вводятся в научный оборот имена большинства упоминаемых современных, а также новые произведения известных авторов. Опираясь на социологический и культурологический методы, предполагающие изучение литературы в тесной связи ее социальными и культурными процессами, явлениями в обществе, мы попытались на достаточно обширном материале представить динамику развития осетинской детской литературы во всем ее жанровом многообразии. В ходе предпринятого исследования обобщаются тенденции развития осетинской детской литературы на рубеже XX и XXI веков. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при написании истории осетинской детской литературы.

The article is devoted to the genre and style development of Ossetian children's literature of the late XX – early XXI centuriy, as an integral part of Ossetian literary literature. The work reviews the processes taking place in various genres: the author's fairy tale, novella, small prose genres, poetry, drama, translated literature. Special attention is paid to innovative phenomena and continuity of traditions in the development of children's literature, its cognitive and educational potential. The purpose of the study is to present the state, features of development and genre diversity of Ossetian children's literature at the present stage. The relevance of the research is due to the need to analyze the processes taking place in Ossetian children's literature. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the fact that for the first time the names of the majority of the mentioned modern ones, as well as new works by famous authors, are introduced into scientific circulation. Relying on sociological and culturological methods involving the study of literature in close connection with its social and cultural processes, phenomena in society, we have tried to present the dynamics of the development of Ossetian children's literature in all its genre diversity on an extensive material. In the course of the undertaken research, the trends in the development of Ossetian children's literature at the turn of the XX and XXI centuries are summarized. The results of the study can be used in writing the history of Ossetian children's literature.
Description of Weakly Periodic Ground States for the Potts Model with External Field and a Countable Set of Spin Values on a Cayley Tree
Authors: Расулова М.А. , Рахматуллаев М.М.
Published: December 2023

Одна из основных проблем для гамильтониана модели Поттса — это описание всех отвечающих ему предельных мер Гиббса. При низких температурах каждому основному состоянию соответствует одна мера Гиббса. Следовательно, для модели Поттса изучение множества основных состояний также является актуальным. Работа посвящена изучению слабо периодических основных состояний для модели Поттса с внешним полем и счетным множеством значений спина на дереве Кэли. Известно, что слабо периодические основные состояния зависят от выбора нормального делителя группового представления дерева Кэли. Также известно, что не существует нормального делителя нечетного индекса, поэтому в данной работе рассматривается нормальный делитель индекса два. В данной работе для модели Поттса с внешним полем и счетным множеством значений спина на дереве Кэли произвольного порядка описаны множества слабо периодических основных состояний, соответствующих любым нормальным делителям индекса два группового представления дерева Кэли. При этом доказано, что эти множества включают в себе периодические основные состояния, соответствующие нормальным делителям индекса два, которые были известны ранее. Также найдены множества всех слабо периодических (непериодических) основных состояний в случае нормального делителя индекса два, т.~е. найдены множества новых классов основных состояний.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI KANTOR CAMAT SENTAJO RAYA KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Authors: Miryam Priskila
Published: December 2023

Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2009 Tentang Pelayanan Publik, pelayanan publik adalah tindakan atau rangkaian tindakan yang dilakukan dalam rangka pemenuhan kebutuhan pelayanan bagi setiap warga negara dan penduduk atas barang, jasa, dan/atau pelayanan administrasi yang disediakan oleh penyelenggara pelayanan publik di sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari lebih jauh tentang peningkatan pelayanan publik kantor kecamatan di Sentajo Raya. Terdapat beberapa permasalahan di Kantor Kecamatan Sentajo Raya, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi antara lain diskriminasi dalam pemberian layanan, ketidakpastian waktu dan biaya, serta rendahnya tingkat kepuasan masyarakat. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yang menggunakan lima indikator strategi Menurut Osborne dan plastrik yaitu Strategi pengembangan struktur; Strategi pengembangan atau penyederhanaan sistem prosedur; Strategi pengembangan infrastruktur; Strategi pengembangan budaya atau kultur, dan Strategi pengembangan kewirausahaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pelayanan publik yang diberikan oleh pemerintah di Kantor Camat Sentajo Raya kepada masyarakat.
¿Ama Dios a los Españoles más que a los Pobres Indios? Cognición, Mentalidades e Historia Psicoanalítica: Un abordaje interpretativo de las cartas de Indios Cristianos Guaraníes (1753)
Authors: Uzain Elian Rodolfo
Published: December 2023

El escenario actual de desenvolvimiento de las disciplinas histórico-arqueológicas es sumamente diverso, multiparadigmático y complejo. Teniendo en cuenta esto, en este artículo planteo una conexión entre la Arqueología Cognitiva, vista desde un enfoque pos procesual, y la Psicohistoria, enmarcada dentro de la Historia Social. Propongo esto teniendo en cuenta que ambas disciplinas se enfocan en estudiar al hombre histórico en sociedad desde una postura interpretativa. Rescato caracteres y elementos centrales del quehacer de ambas ciencias, en términos de interpretación, lenguaje, emocionalidad, inteligencia, cognición, mentalidad, accionar y representaciones, entre otros que serán desglosados más adelante, para finalmente realizar un estudio de las cartas de Indios Cristianos Guaraníes, en las que hay claras evidencias de registros emocionales, de resolución de problemas, entre otros resultados analizados.