bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated Construction of Multimodal Atlases with Structural Connectomes in the Space of Riemannian Metrics
Authors: Campbell Kristen M. , Dai Haocheng , Su Zhe , Bauer Martin , Fletcher P. Thomas , Joshi Sarang C.
Published: May 2023

The structural network of the brain, or structural connectome, can be represented by fiber bundles generated by a variety of tractography methods. While such methods give qualitative insights into brain structure, there is controversy over whether they can provide quantitative information, especially at the population level. In order to enable population-level statistical analysis of the structural connectome, we propose representing a connectome as a Riemannian metric, which is a point on an infinite-dimensional manifold. We equip this manifold with the Ebin metric, a natural metric structure for this space, to get a Riemannian manifold along with its associated geometric properties. We then use this Riemannian framework to apply object-oriented statistical analysis to define an atlas as the Fréchet mean of a population of Riemannian metrics. This formulation ties into the existing framework for diffeomorphic construction of image atlases, allowing us to construct a multimodal atlas by simultaneously integrating complementary white matter structure details from DWMRI and cortical details from T1-weighted MRI. We illustrate our framework with 2D data examples of connectome registration and atlas formation. Finally, we build an example 3D multimodal atlas using T1 images and connectomes derived from diffusion tensors estimated from a subset of subjects from the Human Connectome Project.
Re-using Adversarial Mask Discriminators for Test-time Training under Distribution Shifts
Authors: Valvano Gabriele , Leo Andrea , Tsaftaris Sotirios A.
Published: May 2023

Thanks to their ability to learn flexible data-driven losses, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are an integral part of many semi- and weakly-supervised methods for medical image segmentation. GANs jointly optimise a generator and an adversarial discriminator on a set of training data. After training is complete, the discriminator is usually discarded, and only the generator is used for inference. But should we discard discriminators? In this work, we argue that training stable discriminators produces expressive loss functions that we can re-use at inference to detect and correct segmentation mistakes. First, we identify key challenges and suggest possible solutions to make discriminators re-usable at inference. Then, we show that we can combine discriminators with image reconstruction costs (via decoders) to endow a causal perspective to test-time training and further improve the model. Our method is simple and improves the test-time performance of pre-trained GANs. Moreover, we show that it is compatible with standard post-processing techniques and it has the potential to be used for Online Continual Learning. With our work, we open new research avenues for re-using adversarial discriminators at inference. Our code is available at https://vios-s.github.io/adversarial-test-time-training.
Focused Decoding Enables 3D Anatomical Detection by Transformers
Authors: Wittmann Bastian , Navarro Fernando , Shit Suprosanna , Menze Bjoern
Published: May 2023

Detection Transformers represent end-to-end object detection approaches based on a Transformer encoder-decoder architecture, exploiting the attention mechanism for global relation modeling. Although Detection Transformers deliver results on par with or even superior to their highly optimized CNN-based counterparts operating on 2D natural images, their success is closely coupled to access to a vast amount of training data. This, however, restricts the feasibility of employing Detection Transformers in the medical domain, as access to annotated data is typically limited. To tackle this issue and facilitate the advent of medical Detection Transformers, we propose a novel Detection Transformer for 3D anatomical structure detection, dubbed Focused Decoder. Focused Decoder leverages information from an anatomical region atlas to simultaneously deploy query anchors and restrict the crossattention’s field of view to regions of interest, which allows for a precise focus on relevant anatomical structures. We evaluate our proposed approach on two publicly available CT datasets and demonstrate that Focused Decoder not only provides strong detection results and thus alleviates the need for a vast amount of annotated data but also exhibits exceptional and highly intuitive explainability of results via attention weights. Our code is available at https://github.com/bwittmann/transoar
Multi-Scale Feature Fusion using Parallel-Attention Block for COVID-19 Chest X-ray Diagnosis
Authors: Qi Xiao , Foran David J. , Nosher John L. , Hacihaliloglu Ilker
Published: May 2023

Under the global COVID-19 crisis, accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 from Chest X-ray (CXR) images is critical. To reduce intra- and inter-observer variability, during the radiological assessment, computer-aided diagnostic tools have been utilized to supplement medical decision-making and subsequent disease management. Computational methods with high accuracy and robustness are required for rapid triaging of patients and aiding radiologists in the interpretation of the collected data. In this study, we propose a novel multi-feature fusion network using parallel attention blocks to fuse the original CXR images and local-phase feature-enhanced CXR images at multi-scales. We examine our model on various COVID-19 datasets acquired from different organizations to assess the generalization ability. Our experiments demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-art performance and has improved generalization capability, which is crucial for widespread deployment.
From the treaty of Rome to Brexit: A historiographical discourse of British influence on EU politics and economics
Authors: Carol Sarah , Liñeira Robert
Published: May 2023

Relevance. Following the UK's withdrawal from the European Union in 2020, discussions continue in the UK about the feasibility of such a step. There are somewhat different assessments in society and among representatives of the official authorities of the state of the influence and role of the United Kingdom as a member of the Union on various processes in Western European countries, in particular in the political and economic spheres. The purpose of this study is to provide a historical analysis and characterization of the role and influence of the United Kingdom on the political and economic situation of the EU member states. The main scientific method used in writing this research is the comparative historical method, which allowed to identify key points, identify the nature of interaction and assess the overall results of cooperation between the United Kingdom and the European Union in the field of politics and economics through comparison and analysis. Among the main results obtained as a result of the study on the topic presented are the following: identification of key events in the common history of the United Kingdom and the European Union; study of the fundamental characteristics and features of bilateral and multilateral relations between the United Kingdom and the EU member states in the political and economic spheres; assessment of the level of influence of the United Kingdom on decision-making in the Union; forecasting the development of relations and strategic partnership between London and the EU. The results of this research and the conclusions drawn from the study of the presented issues can be used as a basis for further scientific research on this topic, as well as in areas that have a common background with this topic; in addition, in the field of diplomacy - as a classic example of the formation and development of strategic partnership of states within political institutions and associations; in secondary and higher education, as for young people studying the formation, development and activities of political associations of democratic states of the modern world.
Prevalência e fatores de risco associados à sífilis na gravidez: revisão integrativa
Authors: Da Silva Soares Rangel
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento sobre a prevalência de sífilis gestacional e congênita no contexto mundial, e identificar os fatores de risco associados. Métodos: Revisão integrativa, conduzida em três bases de dados (PubMed, EMBASE e Web of Science), através dos termos “Pregnant” ou “Pregnant woman”, “Risk Factors”, “Prevalence” e “Syphilis”. Os estudos deveriam estar consonantes com os objetivos do estudo, serem do tipo observacional e publicados nos últimos cinco anos. Resultados: Dos 162 trabalhos identificados, apenas 20 compuseram a amostra final. Destes, 65% foram desenvolvidos no continente africano. A prevalência de sífilis gestacional variou de 0,6% a 56,4%, entre os anos de 2009 e 2021. Os fatores de risco mais presentes foram a baixa escolaridade, a idade maior que 35 anos, o uso de drogas e o histórico de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Conclusões: Os dados de prevalência são heterogêneos e distintos, a depender da região do globo. Mas, os fatores de risco são próximos e úteis para um melhor rastreamento dos casos e investimentos em saúde.
Técnicas para tratamento de efluente de uma indústria têxtil em São Paulo
Authors: Alves Lovo Ismail Isadora , Eduarda Gomes da Silva Maria , Aziani da Silva Nicolas Gabriel
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: caracterizar o efluente gerado por uma indústria têxtil, especificamente de jeans, e propor diferentes técnicas para seu tratamento, como o adensamento por gravidade e o desaguamento por centrifugação. Métodos: Estudo de intervenção, realizado em 2022, em Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo. Realizou-se a caracterização físico-química do efluente, analisando-se seus principais parâmetros e, após análise dos dados, notou-se a necessidade de tratamento adequado desse efluente. Posteriormente, realizaram-se ensaios de adensamento (sedimentação) e centrifugação com adição de diferentes condicionantes químicos, visando a diminuição dos valores de turbidez, cor e carbono orgânico do efluente.  Resultados: Nos ensaios de adensamento, o polímero natural Tanfloc se destacou em relação aos demais, com remoção de 88% da turbidez, 78% de cor aparente, 81% de cor verdadeira e de 55% de carbono orgânico total. Nos ensaios de centrifugação, o polímero natural Tanfloc também se destacou, atingindo uma remoção de turbidez de 97%, 83% de cor aparente, 75% de cor verdadeira e 87% de carbono orgânico total. Conclusões: faz-se necessário o tratamento adequado do efluente proveniente de indústria têxtil e, para o efluente analisado, os tratamentos por sedimentação e centrifugação se mostraram eficientes para diminuição dos parâmetros de turbidez, cor e carbono orgânico.
O conceito de saúde nos estágios primitivos da teoria do processo de amadurecimento de Winnicott: a dependência absoluta
Authors: Dias Fernanda Cristina
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discorrer sobre o conceito de saúde na teoria do amadurecimento de Winnicott, com foco nos estágios primitivos do amadurecimento. Dessa forma, foram tomados como base os eventos intrauterinos; a experiência do nascimento, que denota o que Winnicott chamou de “o primeiro despertar”; e os eventos que compreendem o estágio da primeira mamada teórica, posterior ao nascimento. Juntos, esses eventos formam o que se denominou de estágio da dependência absoluta. Pretende-se, com este artigo, identificar as conquistas relativas a esse estágio no que se refere à saúde, bem como às condições necessárias para que elas ocorram e propiciem a continuidade do ser em direção aos estágios posteriores de dependência relativa, rumo à independência e à independência relativa.
/ Contribuições da teoria do amadurecimento para o estudo das famílias homoparentais Contributions of the maturation theory to the study of homoparental families
Authors: Serralha Conceição Aparecida
Published: May 2023

Entre os movimentos reivindicatórios das pessoas homossexuais, está o do direito de ter filhos e de formar uma família da mesma forma que as pessoas heterossexuais. Discussões em diversas áreas têm evidenciado a legitimidade desse direito e abordado os conflitos gerados em razão dos diferentes caminhos que acabam sendo utilizados para a constituição da família. O presente trabalho, visando a contribuir para o tema, tem por objetivo pensar a família homoparental no tocante aos efeitos desta na constituição psíquica da criança que nasce e cresce dentro dela, a partir da teoria do amadurecimento humano e da teoria da sexualidade de D. W. Winnicott. Propõe refletir sobre o lugar e a elaboração dos papéis de cada membro do casal parental e o desempenho desses papéis em relação à satisfação das necessidades da criança. Para tanto, são considerados os textos do próprio Winnicott e de autores estudiosos de sua obra na atualidade. A discussão evidencia a importância do ambiente facilitador para a constituição de um eu amadurecido e de como a qualidade facilitadora desse ambiente depende do bom desempenho dos papéis parentais, desempenho que pode prescindir do gênero da pessoa que o desempenha, mas não de suas características de confiabilidade e capacidade de sustentação e manejo.
Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Likuiditas, Pertumbuhan Laba Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Kualitas Laba Pada Perusahaan Sektor Pertambangan Yang Terdaftar Di BEI 2019-2021
Authors: Gunawan Aji  , Nur Fidia  , Vina Nur Azizah  , Aisyah Amini
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of capital structure, liquidity, profit growth, and company size on earnings quality in mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2021 period. Earnings Quality Variables using Quality of Income. The sample method used was purposive sampling. From the population in the Mining Sector Companies during the 2019- 2021 period, 13 companies that met the sample criteria were taken. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis. Data processing in this study used the SPSS (Statistic Package for the Social Sciens) software program 25.00 for Windows. The results showed that capital structure, profit growth, and company size had no negative and insignificant effects on earnings quality. Liquidity has a positive and significant effect on earnings quality. The influence of Capital Structure, Liquidity, Profit Growth, and Company Size together has a positive and significant effect on earnings quality in mining sector companies listed on the IDX.
Analisis Sakti Dalam Pelaporan Bendahara Pengeluaran Di BBPPKS Regional III Yogyakarta
Authors: Becdivanto Trianjas Hutomo Aji  , Reni Yendrawati
Published: May 2023

Society demands public sector organizations to be able to manage public services and provide them in an accountable, participative and transparent manner. SAKTI or Institutional Level Financial Application System is an application that is used as a means of work units in supporting the implementation of SPAN to carry out financial management which includes the planning stages to budget accountability. The purpose of this research is to observe how SAKTI works and to analyze the system, with the implications of whether it provides convenience in the performance of work units of government agencies. This type of research is descriptive qualitative and the method for collecting data used is direct observation with field research and library research, and the information will be filtered through descriptive analysis methods. The research results that have been achieved are that SAKTI is a new effectiveness. The advantage of using SAKTI is that it has an open platform, so it can be accessed anywhere and anytime, and provides efficient integration. Weaknesses in the use of SAKTI is the user's understanding in technical operations, so it requires sufficient training and another deficiency is the internal control of the organization. The conclusion of this research is that in the era of technology that pressures society for optimal and in-depth digital understanding. Suggestions by the author are to integrate a digital concept in the work system of the work unit, more understanding is needed so that it does not become an obstacle.
Nikah Muda : Antara Solusi Versus Belenggu Patriarki (Studi Kasus di Desa Bandang Laok Bangkalan)
Authors: Devy Kusuma Dian Andani  , Shalvena Aura Azzura  , Khoirun Nisa
Published: May 2023

The meaning of customs and traditions passed down from ancestors is something that is difficult to just leave even though times have changed because they are deeply rooted and practiced continuously. One example is early marriage among the Madurese community, especially in Bandang Laok Bangkalan Village. Among the Madurese, their children, especially girls, choose to get married immediately rather than continue their studies or work. This study aims to find out how the perspectives of the Madurese people and ordinary people regarding early marriage in Madura, where this phenomenon is still common, especially in rural areas. The researcher also relates it to the Symbolic Interactionism Theory with the concept of mind, self and society to be analyzed from a sociological point of view. In this study, researchers used literature studies to obtain data and indirect observations. The results of this study are that this phenomenon is a real form of human unconsciousness about themselves, maybe they agree about arranged marriages carried out by their parents or family, but actually they are also depressed.
OFICINA TERAPÊUTICA “SONHO EM FORMA DE BALÕES”: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA NO CAPS AD NO SERTÃO PRODUTIVO BAIANO
Authors: Pinheiro Anderson Bruno de Jesus Santos
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever a experiência de um grupo de acadêmicos de Enfermagem, da Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Campus XII, que realizaram uma oficina terapêutica intitulada "Sonhos em Forma de Balões", no CAPS AD, com o intuito de proporcionar um momento dinâmico entre os usuários, fortalecendo a convivência social e a promoção da saúde mental.
TERM KECERDASAN DI DALAM AL QUR’AN
Authors: Amsori Amsori
Published: May 2023

Kalau kita melihat analisa kedudukan akal di dalam Islam, maka Islam sangat memuliakan akal tersebut. Ketika kebanyakan orang memiliki spektrum kecerdasan yang penuh, setiap individu menunjukkan perbedaan ciri-ciri kognitif. “Tadabbur adalah perhatian hati melalui pengelihatan di dalam memperhatikan akibat”. Di sini akan dipaparkan kecerdasan dalam konsepsi Al Qur’an. Tiga kecerdasan ini yang akan berimplikasi kepada kecerdasan-kecerdasan lainnya. Kecerdasan yang universal, kecerdasan yang mempengaruhi berbagai sisi-sisi kehidupan manusia. Pengertian Kecerdasan Kecerdasan berakar kata dari ‘cerdas’ yang dalam bahasa Inggris disebut dengan intelligent, educated, shrewd, clever, mentally agile. Allah yang memperkenalkan (insting itu) melalui akal itu (dirinya sendiri)”. Sehingga diharapkan dari sini, lahir konsepsi kecerdasan dalam konsepsi Pendidikan Islam yang berazazkan kepada Al Qur’an. Di dalam Al Qur’an lebih dari 10 kali yang isinya tentang motivasi untuk menggunakan akal, menimbang, memikirkan, merenungkan dan lain-lain. Sebenarnya, selain kata at tafakkur (التفكّر) yang terdapat dalam Al Qur’an (QS. Teori-teori kecerdasan di atas yang sekalipun bernamakan Spiritual Intelligence (SQ) tetap saja di bangun di atas landasan rasional yang melahirkan sekuleristik. Kemudian di berikan awalan ‘ke’ dan akhiran ‘an’, menjadi kecerdasan yang dalam bahasa Inggris disebut dengan ‘intelligence’
INTERKONEKSITAS TASAWUF FALSAFI DAN TASAWUF SUNNI
Authors: Patih Ahmad
Published: May 2023

Efforts to realign the relationship between Sufism and philosophy have been led by several groups. The most concrete example is Suhrawardi al-Maqtul (11541191 AD) who is prominent in Hikmah al-Isyarqi (philosophy of enlightenment). Philosophical Sufism is a Sufism concept that knows about God (makrifat) with a proportional approach (philosophy) at a higher level, not only knowing God (makrifatullah) but also higher than that, namely ittihad, hullul and wahdatul form (united in form). . Sunni Sufism is a form of Sufism in which Sufis base their Sufism on the Qur'an and As-Sunnah, and link spiritual states (ahwaal) and levels (maqomaah) with these two sources. These two orientations of Sufism are based on the dispositions of the teachings they developed, namely the tendency of religious or moral behavior and the tendency to think. However, both of them have the same goal, namely getting closer to Allah SWT through worship, and trying to purify themselves to achieve peace, happiness and purity of heart by implementing Islamic morality which has implications for improving the morality of oneself and society in all aspects of life, both esoteric and spiritual dimensions. exoteric dimensions that have an impact on social change imbued with social teachings.
PENDIDIKAN PEMILIH PEMILU: STRATEGI PENGUATAN PENGAWASAN PARTSIPATIF MASYARAKAT
Authors: Sitoh Anang Moh
Published: May 2023

In other words, the notion of political participation is the participation of the community in making political decisions in the context of elections, meaning that the community is given space in making decisions because the community can make their choices, the certainty of using voting rights is given access to be able to monitor all stages and processes, and obtain complete information. and true about who the candidates for representatives are. The most important thing is access and active involvement in election supervision, so that the public can control the votes they cast in the ballot box, this can be started from updating the voter registration, so that it is designated as a voter list, access to vote without pressure, being given space to supervise voting and counting of votes to the process of vote recapitulation, to the determination of election results, as well as broad access when suspected violations are found, the community can report it to the election supervisor, and this can be called participatory election supervision where the community consciously takes part in determining the direction of the nation's democracy. through elections.
PERKEMBNGAN KAJIAN TEORITIS TAFSIR KONTEMPORER DI TIMUR TENGAH
Authors: Ansory Isnan
Published: May 2023

The theoretical study of the interpretation of the Qur'an in the contemporary era has experienced significant developments, especially in the Middle East region. Various methodologies and new systematics of the interpretation of the Qur'an, quite a lot have sprung up. This is marked by the proliferation of various interpretations of the Qur'anic literature with various interpretations and also the systematic writing of new interpretations that have never been done before. From a search of various literatures about contemporary interpretation, especially for the Middle East region, it is concluded at least 6 theories regarding the study of interpretation of the Qur'an. Namely, the study of the theory of the sources of the interpretation of the Qur'an, the study of the method of interpretation of the Qur'an, the study of the theory of the style of the interpretation of the Qur'an, the philological study of classical commentary texts, the study of the criticism of the interpretation and the study of on the aqwal tafsiriyyah of the scholars
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMBELAJARAN TATAP MUKA DI PESANTREN DARUL MUSTOFA CIPANAS LEBAK BANTEN PADA MASA DARURAT COVID-19
Authors: Abdullah Wawan
Published: May 2023

One more year of pandemic covid-19 hit the world and impacted on the worl of education including boarding schools. Policies related to learning during the covid-19 pandemic made by the government behind Pesantren Darul Mustofa in education policy making in boarding schools. The purpose of this study is to describe the government’s policy in organizing education in Pesantren Darul Mustofa during the covid-19 pandemic. The research method that the authors use qualitative research is descriptive. Researchers describe an object, phenomenon, or social setting that will be reported in narrative writing. Data colletion techniques are carried out using triangulation techniques that are data disclosures made to data soureces. This technique is done by combining interview, and observation. The results showed that Pesantren Darul Mustofa has impemented health protocols that refer to government policies on the provisions and guidelines for organizing face-to-face learning in boarding schools.
MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA PROGRAM TAHFIZH AL-QUR’AN DI MASA KENORMALAN BARU DI AL-WAFI ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL DEPOK JAWA BARAT
Authors: Abdullah Yusuf
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the management of courageous learning in the tahfizh Al-Qur'an program at Al-Wafi Islamic Boarding School in the new normal. This research uses an approach approach because it is considered to directly analyze the reality in the field. This research also uses a case study approach to further analyze the findings in the field. After knowing the learning management model, the researcher analyzed the learning effectiveness. The results of this study are; First, courageous learning management in the tahfizh Al-Qur'an program at Al-Wafi Islamic Boarding School in the new normal period in the form of lesson planning, implementation of learning, and evaluation of learning. Second, the effectiveness of the bold learning process in the tahfizh Al-Qur'an program at the Al-Wafi Islamic Boarding School in the new normal can be seen from two things, the effectiveness of bold learning compared to conventional learning and the effectiveness of using bold application methods and media.
Le « Big Data » : opportunité et prudence
Authors: Thibault-Landry Anaïs , Manganelli Lara , Bentein Kathleen
Published: May 2023

L’essor de la technologie dans les organisations rend désormais possible la collecte et l’accès à des quantités massives d’informations de diverses natures et provenant de différentes sources (c.-à-d. des mégadonnées ou « Big Data »), permettant ainsi de mesurer et de comprendre sous un nouvel angle la complexité du vécu des employés en milieu de travail. Le premier objectif de cet article est de présenter sommairement la façon dont l’accessibilité croissante des mégadonnées a le potentiel de révolutionner la recherche et la pratique dans le monde du travail. Par ailleurs, le second objectif est d’exposer certaines limites et certaines vigilances à avoir en tant que chercheur, à l’égard des enjeux éthiques liés à l’accès, à l’utilisation, et à l’interprétation de ces mégadonnées. Quelques pistes de réflexion concernant l’élaboration de devis, le consentement lié à la participation et la multiplicité des acteurs impliqués dans ce nouveau type de recherche organisationnelle sont proposées.
Les liens entre la personnalité et les valeurs organisationnelles
Authors: Michaud Renée , Stamate Alina N. , Durivage André
Published: May 2023

Le concept de valeur a gagné une certaine popularité dans la sélection du personnel. Plusieurs études se sont intéressées aux liens entre les valeurs individuelles et de travail et la personnalité (Dawis, 1991 ; Fischer & Boer, 2015 ; Furnham, Petrides, Tsaousis, Pappas, & Garrod, 2005 ; Leuty & Hansen, 2012 ; Parks & Guay, 2009 ; Parks-Leduc, Feldman, & Bardi, 2015 ; Roccas, Sagiv, Schwartz, & Knafo, 2002 ; Rokeach, 1973). Or, très peu d’études avant la nôtre s’étant intéressée au lien entre les valeurs organisationnelles et les cinq grands facteurs de personnalité (Big Five), nous en avons fait l’objet de notre recherche. Notre échantillon est composé de 1 306 travailleurs qui ont complété un inventaire de personnalité et un test de valeurs organisationnelles dans le cadre de processus de sélection. Les résultats obtenus par le biais des régressions logistiques montrent que le niveau de présence des différents facteurs de personnalité a une influence sur la probabilité que certaines valeurs organisationnelles se situent parmi les valeurs prioritaires des individus.
Stratégies pour servir avec le sourire : effet des orientations clients et impacts sur la performance de service
Authors: Cossette Michel , Bergeron Mélanie
Published: May 2023

Dans les entreprises de service, on demande aux employés de servir les clients avec le sourire afin de les fidéliser. Les objectifs de la présente étude sont d’évaluer l’effet sur la performance des employés de trois stratégies pour servir avec le sourire et de déterminer si certaines prédispositions des employés (orientations vers la résolution des problèmes des clients et vers le développement de bonnes relations avec les clients) influencent les meilleures stratégies. L’article développe et valide les principales hypothèses d’un modèle auprès de 210 employés et de leur supérieur immédiat. Les résultats démontrent l’importance des orientations clients pour servir authentiquement les clients avec le sourire et démontrent l’importance de l’authenticité des employés dans la performance au travail.
Existe‐t‐il des différences de préférences organisationnelles entre les femmes et les hommes ?
Authors: Manzo Issa Nana Fassouma , Stamate Alina N.
Published: May 2023

Au cours des dernières années, les chercheurs se sont intéressés aux effets de l’adéquation entre les valeurs individuelles et les valeurs organisationnelles dans le mode du travail. Les préférences organisationnelles permettent l’opérationnalisation du concept de valeurs, car elles représentent leurs manifestations comportementales concrètes. Alors que l’utilisation des préférences organisationnelles semble connaître un essor important dans la sélection du personnel, les différences de genre à ce niveau n’ont pas été analysées au Québec. Notre étude, réalisée auprès de 177 étudiants universitaires, s’intéresse à cette problématique en utilisant un devis transversal. Les résultats obtenus suite au moyen de tests t de moyennes indiquent cinq différences significatives entre les préférences organisationnelles des femmes et celles des hommes. À la lumière de ces résultats, des pistes de recommandation sont formulées pour une utilisation judicieuse des préférences organisationnelles autant par les chercheurs que par les praticiens.
Le leadership de la diversité : une compétence négligée ?
Authors: Hebabi Lise
Published: May 2023

Sous l’effet migratoire et l’influence de la mondialisation, nos milieux de travail deviennent de plus en plus diversifiés. Dans ce contexte, il semble clair qu’un leadership durable passe par une compréhension de ce qu’exige le leadership de la diversité. Ce texte présente une recension des écrits académiques qui traitent explicitement du croisement entre le leadership et la diversité, et plus spécifiquement du leadership de la diversité. Il révèle une littérature limitée et fragmentée, avec des pistes d’exploration mais peu de réponses sur les conséquences que peut avoir la diversification de la main d’oeuvre pour le leadership organisationnel.
Comportements d’habilitation : la modération de l’effet du leadership d’habilitation par la personnalité
Authors: Bérard Jessica , Lajoie Denis , Boudrias Jean-Sébastien
Published: May 2023

Le leadership d’habilitation (empowerment) correspond à déléguer des responsabilités et à fournir des ressources (e.g., coaching, reconnaissance) à ses employés afin de favoriser leur autonomie et leur implication au travail. Considérant l’idée que l’habilitation puisse ne pas avoir le même attrait pour tous, la présente étude cherche à vérifier si des facteurs de personnalité peuvent modérer le lien entre le leadership d’habilitation et l’habilitation comportementale des employés. Les résultats indiquent que c’est le cas pour quatre des six facteurs de la personnalité du modèle HEXACO. De façon générale, les employés dont la personnalité les prédispose moins à s’impliquer dans leur milieu de travail semblent bénéficier davantage du leadership d’habilitation.
Retombées et facteurs associés à l’efficacité du coaching de gestion : une recension des écrits
Authors: Castel-Girard Marie Gwen , Baron Louis
Published: May 2023

Le coaching de gestion est très utilisé en organisation pour accompagner les gestionnaires dans les divers défis auxquels ils font face, mais cette pratique est peu soutenue par la recherche scientifique. En effet, à ce jour, rares sont les études empiriques qui ont testé rigoureusement son efficacité en mesurant les retombées associées à la démarche de coaching de gestion. À cet effet, cette recension des études empiriques comprenant 21 articles présente les principales retombées positives associées au coaching de gestion. Aussi, les constats suite à la recension des écrits permettent d’identifier certaines variables contribuant à l’efficacité de la démarche de coaching de gestion.
Excursion en terra semicognita : la « francotropie » des Amériques et la vitalité des communautés franco-minoritaires au Canada
Authors: Rivard Étienne
Published: May 2023

L’article s’inscrit dans le prolongement des études sur l’immigration touchant les communautés francophones en situation minoritaire (CFSM). Il repose sur une démarche exploratoire centrée sur la notion de francotropie, laquelle fait référence aux populations non francophones à l’origine, mais qui seraient davantage prédisposées à faire l’apprentissage du français. L’objectif est double : d’une part, on vise à scruter en quoi la notion de francotropie peut contribuer à la vitalité des CFSM; d’autre part, on cherche à évaluer les enjeux et les défis spécifiques associés à l’immigration des francotropes dans ces communautés. L’analyse est basée sur des données statistiques et censitaires relatives à une population francotrope et immigrante spécifique, celle venant d’Amérique latine, et cela, à l’échelle du pays. Cette analyse met en lumière une disparité évidente entre le Québec et les CFSM.
Aspectos emocionais dos pais de crianças com disfagia
Authors: Silva Caroline Santos Rodrigues da , Palladino Ruth Ramalho Ruivo , Machado Fernanda Prada , Bianchini Esther Mandelbaum Gonçalves
Published: May 2023

A disfagia é um distúrbio de deglutição comum na população pediátrica, podendo influenciar na qualidade de vida e no bem-estar da família. A literatura aponta estresse, culpa e isolamento social dos familiares. Entretanto, o manejo dos aspectos psicossociais envolvidos no tratamento da disfagia pediátrica raramente é discutido. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre os aspectos emocionais de pais de crianças com disfagia. Para tanto, foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados SciELO e PubMed, no período de janeiro de 2013 a junho de 2020, utilizando os descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCs): "distúrbios da deglutição" e "criança". A busca foi realizada com limitadores dos idiomas inglês e português usando descritores associados. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada por meio da leitura do título, resumo e, se necessário, texto completo, aplicando-se os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Houve 2.169 publicações e 8 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Os estudos incluídos foram examinados quanto ao autor, tipo de estudo, objetivos, aspectos emocionais envolvidos no tratamento dos distúrbios da deglutição e conclusões. A análise foi realizada de acordo com a presença de algumas variáveis ​​dos aspectos emocionais apresentados diante dos distúrbios da deglutição, a saber, estresse parental, impacto negativo na interação pais/filhos, culpa e frustração e isolamento social. A literatura aponta que a disfagia pediátrica causa impacto emocional nos pais; indicando que é necessário oferecer suporte emocional e adequar o manejo clínico às diferentes demandas presentes na clínica.
Cultura organizacional dos serviços públicos de saúde na perspectiva dos profissionais de enfermagem
Authors: Pereira Ana Cláudia Souza , Silva Luiz Almeida da , Maia Ludmila Grego , Santos Sérgio Valverde Marques dos , Morceli Glilciane , Bueno Alexandre de Assis , Evangelista Renata Alessandra , Barbosa Maria Alves
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A cultura está presente em todos os ambientes, representa, em geral, os modos de pensar, agir, sentir, aprendidos e compartilhados por uma pluralidade de pessoas. Objetivo: Analisar os valores e práticas que caracterizam a cultura organizacional dos serviços de saúde da rede pública na perspectiva dos trabalhadores de enfermagem. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo-analítico, quantitativo, com 156 trabalhadores de enfermagem dos serviços públicos de saúde de um município do estado de Goiás, Brasil. Foram utilizados o Instrumento Brasileiro de Avaliação da Cultura Organizacional e um questionário sociodemográfico e de caracterização do trabalho. Os dados foram analisados no programa STATA. Resultados: Identificou-se que o sexo feminino foi significativo com as práticas de recompensa e treinamento (p=0,050). A categoria profissional de enfermagem esteve relacionada aos valores de profissionalismo competitivo, individualismo, satisfação e bem-estar (p=0,036 e p=0,041). A renda foi correlacionada com o profissionalismo cooperativo (p=0,010). Conclusão: É importante que os gestores das instituições de saúde promovam um ambiente de trabalho adequado, com a utilização de ferramentas capazes de avaliar as necessidades e habilidades dos participantes.
Atuação de nutricionistas de Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família no Estado da Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Pedraza Dixis Figueroa
Published: May 2023

Introdução: O cuidado nutricional na Atenção Primária à Saúde é essencial para enfrentar os problemas de alimentação e nutrição da população brasileira. Objetivo: Comparar os padrões de atuação de nutricionistas integrantes de Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família no Estado da Paraíba conforme a realização de treinamentos em Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com 34 nutricionistas vinculados aos Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família no Estado da Paraíba. Foram coletadas informações sobre características demográficas, qualificação profissional, particularidades trabalhistas, conhecimento e utilização de bibliografia essencial para o trabalho na Atenção Primária à Saúde, desenvolvimento de ações de alimentação e nutrição, e satisfação com o trabalho. Resultados: Houve deficiências no conhecimento e utilização de alguns documentos técnicos da área, bem como no desenvolvimento de ações relacionadas à vigilância alimentar e nutricional (preenchimento de formulários/fichas do SISVAN-Web/e-SUS e interpretação de relatórios nutricionais), aos programas de suplementação de vitamina A e ferro e à prestação de cuidados (acompanhamento do crescimento e orientação alimentar) a beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família, principalmente entre os profissionais sem treinamento em Atenção Primária à Saúde. Conclusão: Os nutricionistas atuam em ações da agenda programática de alimentação e nutrição na Atenção Primária à Saúde. O uso do SISVAN-Web ou e-SUS, atividades vinculadas aos programas de suplementação com micronutrientes e a atenção prestada a beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família foram as ações menos desenvolvidas, particularmente na ausência de capacitação para trabalhar na Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Coping strategies adopted by students and professors in the COVID-19 pandemic context: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wottrich Shana Hastenpflug , Mocellin Lucas Pitrez , Ferrão Camila Simonetti Pase , Bueno Rovana Kinas , Vargas Lais Alves
Published: May 2023

Introduction: In face of the COVID-19 crisis, classroom activities at universities were interrupted in Brazil, following the guidelines of health agencies to minimize coronavirus contamination levels, with implications for students’ and professors’ mental health. Objective: To identify the coping strategies used by students and professors of a Brazilian university during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the associated sociodemographic and institutional/academic variables. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out using an online questionnaire with questions on socioeconomic aspects and applying the Ways of Coping Scale. Results: 671 students and 231 professors from a public university in the south of Brazil enrolled in the study. Students and professors used more problem-focused coping strategies followed by searching for social support. Regarding the professors, the variables frequency of leaving home and gender were positively associated with the problem and emotion-focused strategies and religion/fanciful thought strategies, respectively. Regarding the students, women used predominantly emotion-focused and religious/fanciful thought strategies. Students aged 27 or more used more problem-focused and 18-20 and 21-26 years old used predominantly emotion-focused strategies. Living with family and leaving home for 8 days or more were associated with the religious/fanciful thought strategy. Conclusion: Attention should be given to gender, age, and frequency of leaving home, when planning mental health actions to foster the use of a wider range of coping strategies adopted by university students and professors throughout moments of developmental crisis, such as the ones that emerged across pandemics.
Pynapple: a toolbox for data analysis in neuroscience
Authors: Viejo Guillaume , Levenstein Daniel , Carrasco Sofia Skromne , Mehrotra Dhruv , Mahallati Sara , Vite Gilberto R , Denny Henry , Sjulson Lucas , Battaglia Francesco P , Peyrache Adrien
Published: May 2023

Datasets collected in neuroscientific studies are of ever-growing complexity, often combining high dimensional time series data from multiple data acquisition modalities. Handling and manipulating these various data streams in an adequate programming environment is crucial to ensure reliable analysis, and to facilitate sharing of reproducible analysis pipelines. Here, we present Pynapple, a lightweight python package designed to process a broad range of time-resolved data in systems neuroscience. The core feature of this package is a small number of versatile objects that support the manipulation of any data streams and task parameters. The package includes a set of methods to read common data formats and allows users to easily write their own. The resulting code is easy to read and write, avoids low-level data processing and other error-prone steps, and is fully open source. Libraries for higher-level analyses are developed within the Pynapple framework but are contained within in a collaborative repository of specialized and continuously updated analysis routines. This provides flexibility while ensuring long-term stability of the core package. In conclusion, Pynapple provides a common framework for data analysis in neuroscience.An open-source framework for data analysis in systems neuroscience.Easy-to-use object-oriented programming for data manipulation.A lightweight and standalone package ensuring long-term backward compatibility.
Parallel reconstruction of the excitatory and inhibitory inputs received by single neurons reveals the synaptic basis of recurrent spiking
Authors: Bartram Julian , Franke Felix , Kumar Sreedhar Saseendran , Buccino Alessio Paolo , Xue Xiaohan , Gänswein Tobias , Schröter Manuel , Kim Taehoon , Kasuba Krishna Chaitanya , Hierlemann Andreas
Published: May 2023

Self-sustained recurrent activity in cortical networks is thought to be important for multiple crucial processes, including circuit development and homeostasis. Yet, the precise relationship between the synaptic input patterns and the spiking output of individual neurons remains largely unresolved. Here, we developed, validated and applied a novel in vitro experimental platform and analytical procedures that provide – for individual neurons – simultaneous excitatory and inhibitory synaptic activity estimates during recurrent network activity. Our approach combines whole-network high-density microelectrode array (HD-MEA) recordings from rat neuronal cultures with patch clamping and enables a comprehensive mapping and characterization of active incoming connections to single postsynaptic neurons. We found that, during network states with excitation(E)-inhibition(I) balance, postsynaptic spiking coincided precisely with the maxima of fast fluctuations in the input E/I ratio. These spike-associated E/I ratio escalations were largely due to a rapid bidirectional change in synaptic inhibition that was modulated by the network-activity level. Our approach also uncovered the underlying circuit architecture and we show that individual neurons received a few key inhibitory connections – often from special hub neurons – that were instrumental in controlling postsynaptic spiking. Balanced network theory predicts dynamical regimes governed by small and rapid input fluctuation and featuring a fast neuronal responsiveness. Our findings – obtained in self-organized neuronal cultures – suggest that the emergence of these favorable regimes and associated network architectures is an inherent property of cortical networks in general.
A Theory of Hippocampal Theta Correlations
Authors: Yiu Yuk-Hoi , Leibold Christian
Published: May 2023

Hippocampal place cell sequences have been hypothesized to serve as diverse purposes as the induction of synaptic plasticity, formation and consolidation of long-term memories, or navigation and planning. The interrelation of sequence replay during offline states such as sleep or consummatory behaviors and online theta sequences during running and navigation is highly debated. Offline sequences are inherently 1-dimensional, whereas online sequences reverse with running direction and thus reflect the 2-dimensional topology of space, which poses a fundamental and unresolved inconsistency. Here, we propose a computational model of cornu ammonis 3 (CA3) and dentate gyrus (DG), where sensorimotor input drives the direction-dependent online sequences within CA3, and the intrahippocampal CA3-DG projections produces prospective intrinsic sequences. The model thereby suggests that sequence propagation on multiple 1-D manifolds underlies a relational code that contains stable signatures for the encoding of spatial memories and that could be used for prospective planning.
Challenges Faced by the Paddy Farmers during COVID-19 Regime in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Anthony R. , Suseela K. , Paul K. S. R. , Ramesh D.
Published: May 2023

Rice is the main food for about 800 million people in India, which constitutes about 65% of its population. The unexpected imposition of lockdown with very little preparation obstructed farming and the food systems in numerous different ways. Rice was majorly affected by the restrictions during COVID-19; hence the present study was designed. A multistage sampling design was adopted the for selection of the sample. Garrett’s ranking method was used to prioritize challenges and the results revealed high input cost, high wage rate of labour, high transportation cost, and non-availability of farm labour were major challenges faced by paddy farmers to cope with these challenges we suggested that Government should provide adequate inputs to the farmers at a judicious time on a need basis through RBK’s, high need to encourage farmers towards mechanization, labour scarcity should be reduced by employing MGNREGA workers in operations, Government should provide required inputs at lower/ judicious prices by establishing the manufacture industries and also should ensure that correct and reliable market information to reach the farmers.