bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison Study of the Metal Oxide Catalysts for the Conversion of Used Cooking Oil into High Grade Chemicals
Authors: Ullah Wali
Published: June 2021

Cracking of edible oils occurs at high temperature and forms valued low molecular weight chemical species. The aim of the current study was to find a catalyst which can break these heavy molecules at the lower ranges of temperatures. From the analysis prospective, the non-condensable hydrocarbons (gaseous product species) were not determined and reactions study was carried out in a batch reactor. There was no evident conversion up to a temperature of 450 °C in the absence of catalyst whereas the reaction mixture was left inside a batch reactor for a long duration of an hour. Reaction parameters, such as catalyst types (ZnO and Al2O3), amount of catalyst, reaction temperature, residence or holding time, and heating rate to reach a reaction temperature were systematically examined. Powdered form of catalyst samples (ZnO and Al2O3) were characterized by using XRD, EDX, and Nitrogen adsorption isotherms. Temperatures studied over ZnO catalyst were 400 °C, 425 °C, 450 °C, 475 °C, and 500 °C. The maximum oil conversion was 81 % at a temperature of 450 °C. We observed that the conversion increases from 400 °C to 450 °C, whereas above 450 °C it starts to decrease. However, in comparison to ZnO catalyst the reaction rate was much higher over the Al2O3, i.e. a considerable conversion occurred at lower ranges of temperatures. Thus here a different set of temperatures (330 °C, 370 °C, 390 °C, 410 °C, and 430°C) were used. When reacting for an hour at a temperature of 390 °C, and in the presence of 8 wt.% of Al2O3 (same catalyst mass was used in ZnO reacting system) the conversion reached to 71 %. Above 390 °C the conversion decreased. Over both tested metal oxide catalysts the caloric value, density, flash point, and kinematic viscosity of the liquid product species were similar to petro fuels. The XRD and EDX signature of the catalyst samples corresponds to the standard ZnO and Al2O3 patterns. Finally, when compared to ZnO the better activity over the Al2O3 (higher conversion at lower temperature) catalyst can be linked with a high external surface area.
Determination of Zinc Content in Commercial Toothpaste Samples in Nigeria by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Method
Authors: Ogidi James Okwudiri
Published: June 2021

Zinc as its citrate or sulphate salt is added to some toothpaste as a bactericide to reduce the presence of bacteria in the mouth. These bacteria can form plaque or produce acids which cause dental decay and halitosis. Zinc salt is added at amounts which are enough to show activity against oral bacteria without causing toxicity to the user. Five commercial samples of different brands of toothpaste (TP-A, TP-B, TP-C, TP-D and TP-E) were purchased from different pharmacy stores in Ogige and Eko markets, Nigeria and analysed for the presence of zinc using atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The samples were digested with deionized water and HNO3, centrifuged and filtered. The absorbance of the supernatants obtained was read with a spectrophotometer. Calibration curves for zinc sulphate and zinc citrate were obtained with regression (R2) values of 0.9992 and 0.9973, respectively. The equation obtained from the curves used in determining the content of zinc in the samples. The zinc content (% w/w) of samples was determined to be 0.8467%, 0.8127%, 0.0119%, 0.0188% and 0.0305%, respectively. These values were well below the maximum permissible level of zinc in toothpaste samples but were within the upper limit for daily zinc intake.
In memoriam Piet Kooi
Authors: Van der Sanden W.A.B. , van der Ploeg Kirsten
Published: June 2021

Obituary of Piet Kooi, 24 January 1943 – 13 September 2020 by W.A.B van der Sanden. Bibliography of Piet Kooi by Kirsten van der Ploeg
In memoriam Harm Tjalling Waterbolk. Archaeologist with a passion for nature and landscape
Authors: Bazelmans J. , Kolen J.
Published: June 2021

Obituary of Harm Tjalling Waterbolk, 18 May 1924 – 27 September 2020. With bibliography of Harm Tjalling Waterbolk by The Editorial Staff.
Super interesting black hole? The micromorphology of organic materials in a Mesolithic hearth pit feature from the site of Soest-Staringlaan (the Netherlands)
Authors: Huisman D.J. , Tebbens L.A.
Published: June 2021

A series of thin sections from a Mesolithic hearth pit from the site of Soest-Staringlaan (the Netherlands) were studied to assess the variability of the charred and non-charred organic remains inside them. Non-charred remains included plant roots; fungal fruiting bodies and hyphae; mesofauna coprolites; and podzolization-related polymorphic humus and monomorphic humus coatings. Charred remains included charcoal of coniferous wood, charred non-woody plant material and fragments of wood. However, a large proportion of the charred material consists of fine, powdery fragments. This may at least partly be due to trampling and/or eluviation of disintegrating charcoal. Most of the micromorphological features in the Soest pit are similar to those found in pits from previously investigated Mesolithic sites. Common features include the presence of large fragments of charcoal in the lower parts of hearth pits, tar, charred humus and evidence for charcoal disintegration and eluviation. The combined results first and foremost demonstrate the strong variability between samples within the same feature. This implies that multiple samples from a pit are necessary in order to at least attempt to try to capture this variability. It is also clear from the results that sampling should include layers or deposits that macroscopically seem to be outside the feature proper. These may contain parts of the phenomenon studied that are difficult to recognize with the naked eye. These observations add to the notion that Mesolithic hearth pits are generally formed by the same human activities, formation processes and taphonomy. However, they make clear that intense sampling is needed for any research to better understand the formation of these pits and that supplemental chemical analyses may be needed to better interpret the observed features and get a better idea of the potential use of these common Mesolithic features.
Fossilized fashion and social sparkle. Dutch Bronze Age bracelets in context
Authors: Arnoldussen S. , Steegstra H.
Published: June 2021

This contribution deals with the bronze bracelets found in the Netherlands that are datable between the Late Neolithic and the Middle Iron Age (n=176). We study their context (hoards, funerary contexts, settlements and stray finds), and we relate the specifics of their form and decoration to regional and supraregional traditions. First, we study their role as social signifiers (in reconstructions) of prehistoric identities across those scales, discussing how particular Bronze Age ‘costumes’ or ‘ornament sets’ may have been kept from graves and deposited in alternate ways. Then, we study later prehistoric arm-rings for their potential to indicate the scale, orientation and longevity of supraregional contact networks into which the later prehistoric communities of the Netherlands were integrated.
Tracing the Final Bronze Age–Early Iron Age transition. Groningen Institute of Archaeology settlement excavations in the Sibaritide, 2018-2019
Authors: Van Leusen P.M. , Ippolito F.
Published: June 2021

We report here on the first two seasons of excavations by the Groningen Institute of Archaeology (the Netherlands) at two settlement sites in the foothill zone of the Sibaritide coastal plain (northern Calabria, Italy). The work is throwing new light on finds assemblages unique to the transitional period of the Final Bronze Age–Early Iron Age, a poorly understood period in southern Italy, and is helping to resolve methodological questions about the interpretation of non-invasive archaeological and geophysical survey data. The finds so far excavated, supported by radiocarbon dates, form one of the first ‘pure’ FBA–EIA transitional assemblages, and thus contribute to fill a significant typochronological hiatus with wider implications for protohistoric archaeology in the region. It is also becoming clear what long-term effects mechanized ploughing has on slope processes and soil profiles typical for the region, knowledge that will help us understand the results of the wider field surveys and geophysical investigations conducted since 2000 in the Raganello River basin.
Informality, Gender Employment Gap, and COVID-19 in Mexico: Identifying Persistence and Dynamic Structural Effects
Authors: Moreno Jorge O. , Cuellar Cecilia Y.
Published: June 2021

The objective is to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the dynamics of the Mexican labor market (formal-informal employment) by gender. It is built consistent micro-founded time-series from 1987:Q1 to 2019:Q4 using the Mexican urban employment surveys and estimate a VAR model linking aggregate production and each market segment. Our results suggest significant adverse effects on formal employment resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, with lengthy job recovery for females and males. The informal sector in both genders presents a lower forecasted response to the initial production shock but substantial observed employment losses, potentially linked to structural changes in the market. In the COVID-19 crisis, the informal sector is not a substitute for formal employment losses. The complexity of this crisis suggests crafting policies to improve the easiness of the market to enhance formal job recovery while promoting gender equality. Our main contribution is to estimate the diverse employment losses by segments and a critical structural change in the labor market dynamics resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic focusing on urban employment.
Patients’ Experiences of Using Skin Self-monitoring Apps With People at Higher Risk of Melanoma: Qualitative Study
Authors: Habgood Emily , McCormack Christopher , Walter Fiona M , Emery Jon D
Published: June 2021

Background

Melanoma is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia. Up to 75% of melanomas are first detected by patients or their family or friends. Many mobile apps for melanoma exist, including apps to encourage skin self-monitoring to improve the likelihood of early detection. Previous research in this area has focused on their development, diagnostic accuracy, or validation. Little is known about patients’ views and experiences of using these apps.

Objective

This study aims to understand patients’ views and experiences of using commercially available melanoma skin self-monitoring mobile apps for a period of 3 months.

Methods

This qualitative study was conducted in two populations: primary care (where the MelatoolsQ tool was used to identify patients who were at increased risk of melanoma) and secondary care (where patients had a previous diagnosis of melanoma, stages T0-T3a). Participants downloaded 2 of the 4 mobile apps for skin self-monitoring (SkinVision, UMSkinCheck, Mole Monitor, or MySkinPal) and were encouraged to use them for 3 months. After 3 months, a semistructured interview was conducted with participants to discuss their experiences of using the skin self-monitoring mobile apps.

Results

A total of 54 participants were recruited in the study, with 37% (20) of participants from primary care and 62% (34) from secondary care. Interviews were conducted with 34 participants when data saturation was reached. Most participants did not use the apps at all (n=12) or tried them once but did not continue (n=14). Only 8 participants used the apps to assist with skin self-monitoring for the entire duration of the study. Patients discussed the apps in the context of the importance of early detection and their current skin self-monitoring behaviors. A range of features of perceived quality of each app affected engagement to support skin self-monitoring. Participants described their skin self-monitoring routines and potential mismatches with the app reminders. They also described the technical and practical difficulties experienced when using the apps for skin self-monitoring. The app’s positioning within existing relationships with health care providers was crucial to understand the use of the apps.

Conclusions

This study of patients at increased risk of melanoma highlights several barriers to engagement with apps to support skin self-monitoring. The results highlight the wide-ranging and dynamic influences on engagement with mobile apps, which extend beyond app design and relate to broader contextual factors about skin self-monitoring routines and relationships with health care providers.
Discovery of Depression-Associated Factors From a Nationwide Population-Based Survey: Epidemiological Study Using Machine Learning and Network Analysis
Authors: Nam Sang Min , Peterson Thomas A , Seo Kyoung Yul , Han Hyun Wook , Kang Jee In
Published: June 2021

Background

In epidemiological studies, finding the best subset of factors is challenging when the number of explanatory variables is large.

Objective

Our study had two aims. First, we aimed to identify essential depression-associated factors using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) machine learning algorithm from big survey data (the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2012-2016). Second, we aimed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of multifactorial features in depression using network analysis.

Methods

An XGBoost model was trained and tested to classify “current depression” and “no lifetime depression” for a data set of 120 variables for 12,596 cases. The optimal XGBoost hyperparameters were set by an automated machine learning tool (TPOT), and a high-performance sparse model was obtained by feature selection using the feature importance value of XGBoost. We performed statistical tests on the model and nonmodel factors using survey-weighted multiple logistic regression and drew a correlation network among factors. We also adopted statistical tests for the confounder or interaction effect of selected risk factors when it was suspected on the network.

Results

The XGBoost-derived depression model consisted of 18 factors with an area under the weighted receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86. Two nonmodel factors could be found using the model factors, and the factors were classified into direct (P<.05) and indirect (P≥.05), according to the statistical significance of the association with depression. Perceived stress and asthma were the most remarkable risk factors, and urine specific gravity was a novel protective factor. The depression-factor network showed clusters of socioeconomic status and quality of life factors and suggested that educational level and sex might be predisposing factors. Indirect factors (eg, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking) were involved in confounding or interaction effects of direct factors. Triglyceride level was a confounder of hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, smoking had a significant risk in females, and weight gain was associated with depression involving diabetes.

Conclusions

XGBoost and network analysis were useful to discover depression-related factors and their relationships and can be applied to epidemiological studies using big survey data.
A reply to: Unmuting Medical Students’ Education: Utilizing Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond (Preprint)
Authors: Jauhari Shreya , Athithan Abbeyrahmeee , Mehta Bhumi , Patel Riya
Published: June 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

N/A
Understanding the Impact of Social Media Information and Misinformation Producers on Health Information Seeking. Comment on “Health Information Seeking Behaviors on Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among American Social Networking Site Users: Survey Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Boudreau Hunter , Singh Nikhi , Boyd Carter J
Published: June 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

N/A
Instantaneous sentinel for the identification of the pollution term in Navier-Stokes system
Authors: Teldja Laib , Imad Rezzoug , Taki-Eddine Oussaeif
Published: June 2021

The aim of this paper is about presenting some results of the Sentinel Theory in Connection with Control Theory of Distributed Systems. There is of course a large variety of models where the results to follow could be applied. What we have particularly in mind is the classical set of Navier-Stokes equations. We shall denote here by the velocity field and the pressure, which is a quite unusual notation in the ”Turbulence” circle. The reason is simply that in all what is following that we think of as the state of our system, this state depends on control functions, these control functions are being either ”artificial” or ”natural”. Also in this work we are(trying) working to get instantaneous information at fixed instant ”T” on pollution term in Navier-Stokes system in which the initial condition is incomplete. The best method which can solve this problem is the sentinel one; it allows the estimation of the pollution term at which we look for information independently of the missing term that we do not want to identify. So, we prove the existence of such instantaneous sentinel by solving a problem of controllability with a constraint on the control.
El potencial de las nanopartículas de Ag y Cu para la fabricación de recubrimientos fotocatalíticos para mitigar la propagación de la COVID-19
Authors: Espejel Ayala Fabricio , Reyes Vidal Yolanda , Solis López Myriam
Published: June 2021

En el trabajo se aborda el uso de diferentes tipos de nanopartículas (NP’) con propiedades fotocatalíticas y antimicrobianas, con posible uso para mitigar la propagación del virus SARS-CoV-2 que provoca la enfermedad COVID-19. El trabajo está estructurado con énfasis en el mecanismo por el cual las NPs de Ag y Cu pueden eliminar virus y bacterias. Posteriormente, se aborda la preparación de materiales, como las zeolitas, que contienen impregnadas a las NPs de Ag y Cu. Otras de las NPs presentadas son las de ZnO y TiO2, las cuales también presentan altas eficiencias para eliminar microorganismos. Por último, se analizan algunos trabajos en donde las NPs, en suspensión o soportadas, se emplearon para preparar pinturas. Estas pinturas se evaluaron para degradar algunos contaminantes atmosféricos; no obstante, lo más interesante fue su uso como recubrimientos antibacterianos. Si bien, la mayoría de los trabajos se enfocaron en comprobar las propiedades antimicrobianas de las pinturas, su uso se puede extender hacia la inactivación de virus, como el SARS-CoV-2. Esto permitiría utilizar estos recubrimientos en zonas con alta frecuencia del virus, como es el caso de hospitales o áreas de alto contacto humano.
The Third Typology: The Development of Catuspatha of Denpasar City
Authors: Prasandya Km. Deddy Endra , Satria Made Wina
Published: June 2021

In Bali, crossroad or pempatan agung is not only seen as a channel of movement. Crossroad or better known as catuspatha in Balinese architecture has sacred meaning and values. In the days of the kingdoms, associated with its status as the center of the royal capital, catuspatha was functioned as the natah of the city. It was the center of citizen activities. Along with the development of times, technology, and the influence of economic, social and cultural factors, the catuspatha was increasingly experiencing development and changes. This study seeks to identify the development and changes of the catuspatha of Denpasar City based on the theory of The Third Typology by Anthony Vidler. The research method used is typical normative criticism which has the belief that buildings and urban areas are always built through a model based on the types of structural, functional, and shape. The results show that The Third Typology also applies to the catuspatha of Denpasar City, where its development and changes can be seen from three typologies, including the first typology which emphasizes natural philosophy, the second typology which is more modernist ideology, and the third typology neo rationalist which emphasizes on continuity of form and history.
Pengembangan Website Desa Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pelayanan Publik di Desa Bona, Gianyar
Authors: Mahayoni Gusti Ayu Dwi Intan , Wirantari I Dewa Ayu Putri
Published: June 2021

The poor quality of public services in Indonesia must be addressed by the government. One of the government's efforts to improve the quality of public services is to take advantage of advances in information technology in the process of governance. This is known as e-government or electronic or internet-based government administration. The process of implementing e-government goes through several stages, namely presence (web presence), interaction (interaction), transactions (transactions), and transformation (transformation). This study aims to determine how the implementation of e-government through the provision and operation of village websites can improve the quality of public services in Bona Village. This research is a qualitative-descriptive type of research that describes and explains the results of research based on relevant data collected through observation and literature study. The analysis of the research data used the Miles and Huberman model which included the initial data collection stage, the data reduction stage, the data presentation stage, and then the conclusion drawing stage. The results of this study are the application of e-government is carried out through the provision and operation of village websites as a means of public services that are easy, practical, and efficient. There are several services related to village administration including writing business letters, complaint reports, writing letters for other purposes, and essential telephone services. These services can be accessed by the village community easily and through a mechanism or procedure that is not complicated, so that the community feels satisfied with the public services they get. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the application of e-government through the provision and operation of village websites that provide easy and practical public services can improve the quality of public services in Bona Village. Through the application of e-government, the implementation of village government can be carried out effectively, efficiently, transparently and accountably.
LEGAL FORCE OF INHERITANCE CERTIFICATES ISSUED BY THE VILLAGE HEAD AS THE BASIS FOR OBTAINING THE OWNERSHIP RIGHT TO LAND (IN BLIMBINGSARI VILLAGE, JEMBRANA REGENCY, BALI PROVINCE)
Authors: Nusantara Ni Putu Theresa Putri , Suwitra I Made , Sujana I Nyoman
Published: June 2021

This study examines the existence of the Bali customary law for the transfer of land rights in Blimbingsari Village, and examines function of the Inheritance Certificate for the transfer of rights to land through inheritance. The research method used in this study is an empirical law research. In this case the research uses empirical legal research conducted in Blimbingsari Village, Jembrana Regency. The results showed that the inheritance law that applies to Christian Balinese tribes in Blimbingsari Village, Jembrana, Bali is receptive to Balinese customary inheritance laws which should only be used for Hindus. In its implementation, it is not the Hindu religious law that was received by the Blimbingsari Village community but the Balinese customary inheritance law that was received. Moreover, legal force of a Certificate of Inheritance issued by the village head for the Christian Balinese community in Blimbingsari Village, Jembrana, Bali can be used as a basis in the transfer of ownership rights to the land for the heirs.
CREATION OF SORPTION FILTER BARRIERS IN RELATION TO STRONTIUM AND ANTIMONY ON THE BASIS OF BRUCITE-CONTAINING ROCKS
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Rodkina I.A. , Samarin E.N.
Published: June 2021

In recent years, due to the growth of industry and the urbanization of territories, substances that are relatively rare in the earth's crust are actively included in the cycle of substances, and as a result, they accumulate in significant quantities in the hypergenesis zone. Accordingly, at the moment, the issue of developing recipes and methods for creating geochemical barriers to such substances is very acute.It is known that brucite-containing soils have an increased absorption capacity for heavy metals. Based on this, the authors conducted a number of experiments on the dynamic and static sorption of brucite-containing soils in relation to strontium and antimony. Experiments have shown that such soils can be recommended as sorption filter barriers in relation to the studied metals.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF ECOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE AREA OF URBAN PLANNING
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Sorokina S.P. , Cheprasov A.G.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to analyze the influence of sanitary and ecological factors in the area of urban planning and to determine the relationship with other factors. The article discusses the impact of aspects of the unregulated by regulatory documents. The approach to the same aspects of foreign countries is also considered. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the adoption of sanitary and ecological requirements to improve the quality of the urban environment and the ability to do this in a non-standard way.
ESTIMATION OF DAMAGE FROM FLOODING OF TERRITORIES OF UNFINISHED CONSTRUCTION
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yakovleva I.Yu.
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the negative impact of construction in progress on the environment. Accumulation of industrial waste waters at the construction site leads to soil degradation. Reviewed and adjusted methodology to assess the damage caused by the accumulation of industrial waste waters in the areas of construction in progress. The calculation of the damage caused by accumulation of industrial waste waters as an example of an unfinished residential building in Belousovo Zhukovsky District, Kaluga region.
ANALYSIS OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF THE OSTANKINO ESTATE MUSEUM
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Zenkina A. R.
Published: June 2021

This article reviews the project documentation and conducts environmental monitoring in accordance with the legal framework of the Russian Federation.
ABOUT THE DIRECTIONS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN THE NATIONAL RESEARCH UNIVERSITY OF MOSCOW STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY AND THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SURVEYORS (AND DESIGNERS): A.D. POTAPOV'S VIEW AND MODERNITY
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Beliaev V. L.
Published: June 2021

The article examines the history of the organization, as well as the areas of cooperation between the MSU and the national associations of prospectors (with the NOIZ, later with the NOPRIZ), as well as the contribution of prof. A.D. Potapov and his views on the main aspects of cooperation. Based on the analysis of the relevance of the areas of cooperation, the need to continue effective interaction between the parties is noted, and its formalization is proposed with the addition of modern aspects in the development of research, educational and scientific activities.
Detection of Erysiphe necator, the Causal Agent of Powdery Mildew on Grapevine, and Determination of their Mating Types in Southern Syria Using Some Molecular Markers
Authors:   Sweida Branch, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Syria, Alimad Nujoud , Naffaa Walid ,   Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Syria, Lawand Salam ,   Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Syria.
Published: June 2021

Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe necator, is one of the most economically damaging diseases of grapevine throughout the world. This study aimed to identify the mating types of this pathogen in Syria using molecular markers. Three DNA extraction methods: Promega Kit, phenol chloroform isoamyl alcohol (PCI) and SDS were compared. The amount and quality of DNAs obtained by the SDS method were suitable for PCR amplification and other molecular assays. PCR amplification using specific primers (Uncin 144 and Uncin 511) was performed and the expected amplicon of 300-400 bp was obtained from 29 isolates of E. necator collected from different geographical locations and from different grapevine cultivars. Results obtained showed that E. necator may cause atypical symptoms similar to those of downy mildew, in some grapevine cultivars according to the environmental conditions and training system used. Isolates of E. necator were classified into four groups according to geographical locations and grapevine cultivar, based on the observed variation in banding pattern with E07 primer and the constructed phenogram by using UPGMA. RAPD analysis of 39 E. necator isolates using the primer E07 showed the presence of two mating types, and the frequency of each varied depending on the geographical location, with a predominance of the - mating type which did not produce a 1000 bp band using the PCR primer E07. Keywords: Powdery mildew, Erysiphe necator, RAPD, mating type, DNA extraction.
Activity Monitoring of Olive Fruit Fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) Males, and Effect of Temperature and Relative Humidity, at Al Quneitra Governorate, Southern Syria
Authors:   Center of Research Rural Damascus, General Commission of Agricultural Research, Damascus, Syria, Diab Nesreen , Al-Jouri Ibrahim ,   Department of Insects Research, Directorate of  Plant Research, General Commission for Agricultural Scientific Research, Damascus, Syria, Dawoud Mohamad ,   Plant Protection Department, Al Quneitra  Agricultural Directorate, Syria, Jalloud Ammar ,   Directorate of Biological Control, Hamat Agricultural Directorate, Syria
Published: June 2021

This study was carried out in Al Quneitra governorate, Syria during 2017 and 2018 seasons with the aim of monitoring the activity of olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae) males, in three locations of similar altitude (945-989 m above sea level), in addition to evaluating the effect of temperature and relative humidity on males activity using pheromone traps. The results obtained showed that olive fruit fly male adults activity began in the last week of May 2017 season and in the 3rd week of May 2018 season. Male adult's population reached a peak in the 4 th week of September, with an average of 126.43±33.70 males/trap in 2017 season, whereas their peak in 2018 season wasreached in mid-September with an average of 205.2±15.51 males/trap. Number of activity periods for males differed according to the season of study, and number of activity periods was 3 in 2017 and 4 in 2018. The duration of the activity period ranged from 4 to 11 weeks. The results obtained also showed a weak correlation effect of temperature and relative humidity on males activity during the two seasons, and its value was +0.16, +0.048, respectively. The monthly abundance of males differed during one season. Statistical analysis showed that the highest monthly abundance in 2017 season was in October, with an average of 192.07±14.94 males/trap with a significant difference in relation to the rest of the months, whereas in 2018 season it reached the highest monthly abundance in September, with an average of 420.33±15.18 males/trap, which significantly outperformed the rest of the months. Seasonal abundance of 2018 was significantly higher than in 2017. Keywords: Olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, males’ activity, pheromone traps, temperature, relative humidity, Al Quneitra
Engine Power Required When Using a Tractor with a Technology Module
Authors: Sidorov M. V. , Lavrov A. V. , Voronin V. A. , Sidorova A. V.
Published: June 2021

A shortage of class 2 and class 3 tractors was observed in peasant farms. As a solution to this problem, it was proposed to develop a technological module that would increase the versatility of class 1.4 tractors by transferring them to a higher traction class. (Research purpose) The authors aimed to substantiate the nominal operating power of the engine for a tractor with a technological module. (Materials and methods) To calculate the required power, the authors proposed a method that takes into account the design features of the modular construction of a machine-tractor unit. (Results and discussion) The authors showed that for a modular power unit with a 6K6 wheel arrangement, it is necessary to consider a number of additional factors having an impact on the accuracy of the calculation: firstly, the tractor’s traction and coupling properties depend on the number of driving axles; secondly, the wheel slippage along individual axes is not the same and occurs due to a constructively conditioned kinematic discrepancy in their drive; thirdly, the three-axle transmission efficiency can be determined only as a total indicator of three transmission branches, that is, to drive the tractor front and rear wheels and, separately, to drive the wheels of the technological module. The authors compared the required engine power when using a tractor with ballast and that with a technological module.  (Conclusions) It was determined that in order to achieve the maximum traction force of adhesion on the hook when moving to the next higher traction class, it is necessary that the tractor, that the technological module is joint to, has the energy saturation of 2.00-2.41 kilowatts per kilonewton, which corresponds to traction and energy concept tractors whose engine power cannot be realized through traction. It was found that the power saturation of the tractor with the technological module will be equal to 1.59-1.65 kilowatts per kilonewton, which corresponds to the tractor of the traction concept and allows realizing the built-in engine power through traction.
Cultivator­Fertilizer Field Tests Using a Differential Fertilization System
Authors: Derepaskin A. I. , Kuvaev A. N. , Tokarev I. V.
Published: June 2021

The authors carried out field tests of differentiated fertilization system "Agronavigator-Dozator" installed on a cultivator-fertilizer for intra-soil application of granular mineral fertilizers in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. (Research purpose) To determine the effect of differentiated fertilization system on agrotechnical, energy, operational and technological and economic indexes of the cultivator-fertilizer in field conditions. (Materials and methods) The authors carried out agrochemical soil survey according to the officially approved method. They made an electronic task map. They used the methodology for determining the conditions of field tests, agrotechnical, energy, operational and technological and energy assessments that met the current regulatory documentation requirements. Field tests of differentiated fertilization system were carried out during the second flat-cut processing of the steam field with simultaneous intra-soil granular mineral fertilizers application. (Results and discussion) The authors found out that the use of differentiated fertilization system "Agronavigator-Dozator" reduced the actual dose of application from 95 to 40 kilograms per hectare. It was determined that the presence of a parallel driving mode in the system under study reduced the amount of overlap of adjacent aisles, thereby increasing shift productivity - from 4.25 to 4.32 hectares per hour, unit energy consumption decreased from 88.1 to 86.6 megajoules per hectare, and the specific fuel consumption decreased from 14.41 to 14.16 kilograms per hectare. The economic effect of the use of differentiated fertilization system "Agronavigator- Dozator " amounted to 630.6 thousand rubles per year. (Conclusions) The authors proved that differential fertilization system "Agronavigator-Dozator" effect the actual dose of fertilization, which decreased by 57.6 percent. It was found that a decrease in the overlap of adjacent aisles increased shift productivity, reduced specific fuel consumption and specific energy consumption by 1.7 percent. It was calculated that the total sum of money was reduced by 36 percent due to the use of differentiated fertilization system "Agronavigator- Dozator".
Efecto de los parámetros de operación de la extracción asistida por ultrasonido en la obtención de polifenoles de uva: una revisión
Authors: Ramón Carolina , Gil-Garzón Maritza Andrea
Published: June 2021

Los compuestos fenólicos han sido de gran relevancia para su aplicación en industrias como la farmacéutica y la alimentaria. Esto ha llevado al estudio de métodos de extracción eficientes en cuanto a rendimiento, capacidad antioxidante y costos de operación. La extracción asistida por ultrasonido ha reportado resultados superiores en comparación con los métodos de extracción convencionales, además de ser amigable con el medio ambiente. En este sentido, este artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar el efecto de los parámetros operativos reportados con mejores resultados de extracción asistida por ultrasonido para la obtención de polifenoles en diversas variedades de uva. La revisión fue realizada en bases de datos indexadas filtrada a publicaciones en el período comprendido entre 2013 y 2020. El análisis de los resultados reportados permitió identificar los parámetros más críticos como la variación de frecuencia, potencia y tiempo, además de los rangos óptimos de operación evaluados en cada estudio que conllevaron a alcanzar un mayor rendimiento de los polifenoles totales presentes en las diferentes matrices de la uva. De igual manera, fue posible evidenciar la afectación de la temperatura sobre la concentración de los principales compuestos fenólicos característicos de la uva. Finalmente, cada transformación y resultado evaluado fue discutido a la luz de los principios físicos y químicos favorecidos por el método empleado, así como las características de termosensibilidad de los principales compuestos fenólicos como las antocianinas y flavonoles que afectan su propiedad funcional de capacidad antioxidante, de mayor interés en aplicaciones alimentarias y farmacéuticas a escala industrial.
Análisis de la relación entre actividad empresarial y desigualdad económica
Authors: Tapia-Alba Juan Agustín , Chiatchoua Cesairé
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la relación entre el desarrollo de ciertas actividades empresariales y la generación de desigualdad económica, a la que se suman también la corrupción, la escalabilidad tecnológica, la innovación, las ganancias inmerecidas y el uso de recursos subvaluados. De acuerdo con el diseño de la investigación y las citas bibliográficas, se utilizaron fuentes de información secundarias; es decir, se aplicó una metodología analítica e interpretativa mediante el estudio de caso Poder de Mercado y Bienestar Social, de la Comisión Federal de Competencia Económica de México, el cual destaca la conformación de monopolios en el país y los efectos de sus prácticas comerciales. Los resultados muestran que aquellas empresas que se hayan visto más favorecidas serán las que presenten mejores resultados producto de factores diversos como la cultura organizacional, la forma en la que reaccionaron a las condiciones del entorno, su disponibilidad de recursos, las decisiones que toman, las medidas para reducir riesgos y el aprovechamiento de las oportunidades de negocio. El artículo señala, principalmente, el margen de sobreprecios que pagan los consumidores mexicanos cuando compran productos ofrecidos por las empresas indicadas en el estudio. Finalmente, la desigualdad es causada por los ciudadanos y sus organizaciones y ésta no es algo inherente o predeterminado de las sociedades a las que pertenecemos.
Influence of the Services Marketing Mix and Place Branding on Tourism Destination Image
Authors: Vidyastuti Heppy Agustiana
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to establish if concepts such as the Services Marketing Mix and Place Branding have any influence on Tourism Destination Image. Therefore, it adopted a quantitative cross-sectional exploratory methodology. The average annual population of tourists in Garut District, Indonesia, is 231,563; and, using Slovin’s formula, a sample size of 100 visitors was calculated. To determine if the items used here to measure the variables of the Services Marketing Mix, Place Branding, and Image were reliable and valid, a Pearson correlation test was conducted. Structural equation modeling was implemented to verify the relationships between the variables. The results indicate that neither the Services Marketing Mix nor Place Branding have any influence on the concept of Tourism Destination Image. Therefore, the strategies designed to improve the image of this tourist destination should be focused on other aspects.
Imagem / Palavra / Imagem
Authors: Saraiva Maria Teresa Kerr
Published: June 2021

Disputa entre a palavra e a imagem artística. Primazia da primeira. Elementos racionais rígidos, estanques.  Fortes entraves. Luta. Aos poucos o ambiente se pacifica. A imagem vai se impondo, vitoriosa, numa harmoniosa e equilibrada dança.
Affective domain and mathematical processes in teaching practice. a review from mathematical education
Authors: Patiño-Contreras Karen Natalia , Gómez-Barbosa Dayana Paola , Reyes-Cáceres Yuretsy Alexandra
Published: June 2021

This article is part of a macro research project entitled Influence of the affective domain, the mathematical processes and the pedagogical practice of the teacher of Basic Education in the academic performance of the student. This is a qualitative type of work with a descriptive and documentary approach, prepared by students belonging to the SIEM nursery, with the purpose of making a bibliographic review of the different investigations and theoretical contributions that have been made around this topic, obtaining a clear overview and broad on the object of study. Taking as a starting point the bibliographic review of 32 research articles that have been published in the last three decades, among which are books, articles from indexed journals, as well as undergraduate, master's and doctoral studies. For the bibliographic review, several stages were taken into account: search of antecedents for each construct, compilation of antecedents, selection of representative information, categorization of each of the constructs and systematization. The results obtained allowed to support the theoretical and epistemological foundations of each of the constructs that will later become part of the theoretical framework of the advanced research.
THE EFFECT OF BANK CHARACTERISTICS AND GOVERNANCE ON THE RATE OF RETURN IN ISLAMIC RURAL BANK
Authors: Yasin Rozaq Muhammad
Published: June 2021

The difference in profit sharing on investment funds placed by customers and shareholders can create agency problems. This study aims to analyze the effect of bank characteristics and governance on the rate of return on investment received by depositors and shareholders as the main investors in the operations of the Islamic Rural Bank. This study used panel data from 10 Islamic Rural Bank in the Special Region of Yogyakarta from 2013 to2020. The results showed that all bank characteristic proxies, namely financing growth, financing structure, efficiency, and financing quality significantly affected the rate of return received by depositors and shareholders, except for the efficiency variable which did not significantly affect the rate of return on investment for depositors. Islamic Rural Bank governance structure needs to pay attention to the ownership ratio, capital adequacy ratio, and the effectiveness of supervision by the Sharia Supervisory Board to maintain a competitive return on investment so that it is attractive to both depositors and shareholders.
Analytical representations of the Residence Time Distribution (RTD) associated with Hyporheic Exchange beneath Dune-like bedforms at different sediment bed depths
Authors: Monofy Ahmed , Boano Fulvio , Grant Stanley
Published: June 2021

The hyporheic exchange below dune-shaped bedforms has a great impact on
the stream environment. One of the most important properties of the
hyporheic zone is the residence time distribution (RTD) of flow paths in
the sediment domain. Here we evaluate the influence of an impervious
layer, at a dimensionless sediment depth of d_b^*=(2πd_b)⁄λ where λ
is the dune wavelength, on the form of the hyporheic exchange RTD.
Empirical RTDs were generated, over a range of d_b^(* ) values, from
numerical particle tracking experiments in which 10000 particles
sinusoidally distributed over a flatbed domain were released. These
empirical RTDs are best represented by the Gamma, Log-Normal and Fréchet
distributions over normalized bed depth of 〖0 <=d〗_b^(*
)≤1.2, 〖1.23.1, respectively. The depth dependence of the analytical
distribution parameters is also presented, together with a set of
regression formulae to predict these parameters based on d_b^(*
)with a high degree of accuracy (R^2>99.8%). These
results contribute to our understanding of the physical and mixing
processes underpinning hyporheic exchange in streams and allow for a
quick evaluation of its likely impact on nutrient and contaminant
processing (e.g., based on the magnitude of the Damköhler number).
SARS-CoV-2 Persistence in Immunocompromised Children
Authors: Dolan Susan , Levy Jean Mulcahy , Moss Angla , Pearce Kelly , Dominguez Samuel , Jung Sarah , Butler Molly , Mwangi Eric , Maloney Kelly , Rao Suchitra
Published: June 2021

Introduction/Objectives: We evaluated the length of time
immunocompromised children (ICC) remain positive for SARS-CoV-2,
identified factors associated with viral persistence and determined
cycle threshold (CT) values of children with viral persistence as a
surrogate of viral load. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort
study of ICC at a pediatric hospital from March 2020-2021.
Immunocompromised status was defined as primary, secondary or acquired
due to medical comorbidities/immunosuppressive treatment. The primary
outcome was time to first-of-two consecutive negative SARS-CoV-2
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests at least 24 hours apart. Testing
of sequential clinical specimens from the same subject was conducted
using the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR
Diagnostic Panel assay. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier curve
median event times and log-rank-sum tests were used to compare outcomes
between groups. Results: Ninety-one children met inclusion criteria.
Median age was 15.5 years (IQR 8-18 yrs), 64% were male, 58% were
white, and 43% were Hispanic/Latinx. Most (67%) were tested in
outpatient settings and 58% were asymptomatic. The median time to two
negative tests was 42 days (IQR 25.0,55.0), with no differences in
median time by illness presentation or level of immunosuppression. Seven
children had >1 sample available for repeat testing, and
5/7 (71%) children had initial CT values of <30, (moderate to
high viral load); 4 children had CT values of <30 3-4 weeks
later, suggesting persistent moderate to high viral loads. Conclusions:
Most ICC with SARS-CoV-2 infection had mild disease, with prolonged
viral persistence >6 weeks and moderate to high viral load.
An Unusual Case of Ostheoarthritis?
Authors: Teixeira Mariana , Pires Joana Ricardo , Ferreira Filipa , Rabadão Tiago , Aveiro Marcelo , Neves Nuno , Neves Clarinda
Published: June 2021

Forestier disease is a condition characterized by calcification and
ossification of ligaments and entheses. It’s prevalence is expected to
rise as air is related to older age and metabolic syndrome. The clinical
relevance is beyond unstable spinal fractures to involvement of the
cardiovascular, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems.