bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Szerethetők-e a robotok?
Authors: Kollár Csaba , Ványa László
Published: October 2024

Tanulmányunkban egy 2016-os forrásra hivatkozva vázoljuk az ember–robot interakció fejlődése kutatásának nyolc fontosabb mérföldkövét, majd további szerzők kutatási jelentéseit és megállapításait az általunk fontosnak ítélt négy dimenzió (távolságszabályozás, autonómia, participáció, együttműködés) valamelyikébe soroljuk be. Munkánkban hangsúlyosan szerepelnek a japán Nomura és munkatársai kutatási eredményei, melyek egyik saját kutatásunk módszertanának az alapját is képezik. Ebben velük megegyezően a robotok iránt érzett negatív attitűdöket és a robotok iránt érzett szorongást vizsgáljuk, kiegészítve a robotok iránt érzett pozitív attitűdökkel, mint saját szemponttal. A másik kutatásunkban fókuszcsoport módszerével az említett négy dimenziót, illetve az ember–robot interakció információbiztonságát elemezzük, valamint azt, hogy a társadalom felkészült-e robotokkal (elsősorban androidokkal, humanoidokkal) való együttélésre. Harmadik kutatatásunkban pedig a katona–robot interakcióval foglalkozunk. Tanulmányunkat a fontosabb következtetésekkel és az összegző megállapításokkal zárjuk.
A felkelés elleni műveltek vezetésének sajátosságai
Authors: Czeglédi Mihály
Published: October 2024

A NATO tagjai, így Magyarország számára is a különböző válságreagáló műveletek jelentették a katonai képességek alkalmazásának fő irányvonalát. E műveletekből kiemelkedett az iraki és az afganisztáni hadszíntér, ahol felkelés elleni műveletek zajlottak. Az ilyen, szövetséges kötelékben folytatott műveletek a katonai erő egy speciális alkalmazási módját jelentik. Nem fedik le a katonai képességek teljes spektrumát, de a felgyűlt tapasztalatok választ adhatnak a változó kor változó hadviselésének kihívásaira. Elenyésző az esélye, hogy a közeljövőben hadseregcsoportok fognak találkozóharcot vívni. A kisalegységekkel folytatott, precíziós légicsapásokkal és valós idejű felderítési adatokkal támogatott összecsapások esélye azonban emelkedő tendenciát mutat. A tanulmány a felkelés elleni műveletek vezetésre gyakorolt hatásainak bemutatásával kíván hozzájárulni a jövő haditevékenységeinek sikeres megvívásához.
Háború és béke Ukrajnában, avagy keleten a helyzet változatlan (1. rész)
Authors: Padányi József , Tomolya János
Published: October 2024

Ukrajna állami stabilitása és/vagy egy esetleges államkudarca, illetve Oroszországgal való háborúba sodródása egyértelmű hatással van, illetve hatással lehet hazánk biztonságára. A jelenlegi ukrajnai helyzet egy elhúzódó válság eredménye, amelyben a „sem igazi háború, sem valódi béke” keveredik. A 2016 szeptemberében megkötött legújabb tűzszüneti megállapodást senki sem tartja be. Vannak olyan vélemények, hogy Oroszország egy új katonai doktrína szerint alkalmaz erőszakot a térségben. Hogyan lehet értékelni a kelet-ukrajnai helyzetet katonai szempontból, lehet-e a katonai erő alkalmazásának új formájáról beszélni? Milyen harcászati és hadászati megoldásokat választottak a szembenálló felek? Miért sikerült könnyedén elcsatolni a Krím-félszigetet és miért nem sikerült ugyanez Kelet-Ukrajnában? 2014 óta az EBESZ Különleges Megfigyelői Küldetése működik Ukrajnában. Mit tesz jelenleg és milyen kihívásokkal néz szembe ez a misszió? A tanulmány ezekre a kérdésekre keresi a válaszokat.
Dzsihadista fészkek, mint a terrorizmus lehetséges kiindulópontjai
Authors: Kis-Benedek József
Published: October 2024

Korunk egyik legnagyobb kihívása a terrorizmus és annak egyéb összetevői, mint például a radikalizmus és a dzsihadizmus. A szerző ennek a jelenségnek az okait és a következményeit vizsgálja néhány fontosabb országra lebontva. Az országonkénti bontás azért lényeges, mert az okok nemcsak országok között, hanem azokon belül is esetenként jelentősen eltérőek. A radikalizmus és a dzsihadizmus szorosan összefügg a válságkörzetekkel és természetesen a külföldi harcosok problematikájával. Ezek elemzésén túl a tanulmány kitér a megoldási (kezelési) javaslatokra is.
A hadviselés, mint tudományelméleti és tudomány-rendszertani kategória
Authors: Szendy István
Published: October 2024

Az emberiség fejlődéstörténete konfliktushelyzetek és az azokból kialakult konfliktusok sorozata. A társadalmi szerveződés útjára lépett emberiség a társadalmi lét első pillanatától kezdve – eltérő okok miatt, más-más célok megvalósítása érdekében – különböző típusú háborúkat viselt. A fegyveres küzdelem, a háború emberi létünk egyik meghatározó jellemzője, a társadalmi lét funkcionalitását biztosító társadalmi mozgások eredményeként alakult ki. Egy ilyen szituációban a katonai erő sikeres alkalmazása – az arról szóló politikai döntést követően – az érintett társadalmi közösség szempontjából „élet vagy halál” kérdése. Az államok, különösen a nemzetállamok kialakulása és létrejötte óta, minden józan és reális gondolkodású társadalmi közösség megteremti – többnyire generációkon keresztül átívelő társadalmi konszenzus alapján – azt a garanciarendszert, mely kielégíti e vonatkozásban létező igényét, megteremti és fenntartja saját hadügyét, melynek meghatározó fontosságú elmélete és gyakorlata a hadviselés milyenségében és minőségében jut kifejezésre.
Hálótervezés és hálózatelemzés a védelemgazdaságban - 1. rész
Authors: Kiss Dávid
Published: October 2024

A szerző célja, hogy egy kétrészes cikksorozatban megvizsgálja elkülönítve egy elméleti majd egy gyakorlati aspektusból (egy rendszerváltás előtti példát feldolgozva) a hálózatelemzés és a hálótervezés matematikai modelljének alkalmazhatóságát a különleges jogrendi védelemgazdasági struktúra optimalizálására. A sorozat első részében a téma gazdasági és matematikai háttere és elmélete kerül kifejtésre, amellyel megalapozásra kerül a sorozat második cikkében elemzésre kerülő gyakorlati példa.
Biztonsági kihívások a 21. században (könyvismertető)
Authors: Kis-Benedek József
Published: October 2024

A Belügyi Tudományos Tanács 2017 nyarán jelentette meg a Biztonsági kihívások a 21. században című, összesen 55 szerző írásait közreadó tanulmánykötetét, amelyet Finszter Géza és Sabjanics Istvánszerkesztettek. A 838 oldalas nonprofit kiadvány a Dialóg Campus Kiadó gondozásában látott napvilágot.
Nemzetközi kitekintés : Védelempolitikai és védelmi tervezési kihívások
Authors: Siklósi Péter
Published: October 2024

Siklósi Péter előadásában az európai biztonsági környezetben az utóbbi években bekövetkezett változásokból kiindulva áttekinti a NATO-ban ennek kapcsán zajló adaptációs folyamatokat, a Szövetség feladatrendszerének és képességigényének átrendeződését, a transzatlanti kapcsolatokat jelenleg jellemző dinamikát és a NATO-n belüli teherviselési problematikát, majd számba veszi mindezeknek a Magyar Honvédség képességeinek fejlesztésére gyakorolt hatásait. Hasonló módon röviden értékeli az Európai Unió közös biztonság- és védelempolitikájának megerősítésére irányuló jelenlegi kezdeményezések állását, illetve az ezekkel kapcsolatos magyar érdekeket. Ezt követően megfogalmazza, hogy a NATO-ban és az EU-ban zajló folyamatok által meghatározott nemzetközi koordináta-rendszerben a Magyar Honvédség képességeit – a bővülő költségvetési források alapján – mely szempontok figyelembevételével lenne indokolt fejleszteni.
A Magyar Honvédség vezetéstámogató rendszere alkalmazásának lehetőségei a XXI. századi kihívások tükrében
Authors: Gerőfi Szilárd
Published: October 2024

A Magyar Honvédség vezetéstámogató rendszere folyamatosan változik, fejlődik összhangban a rohamos technológiai fejlődéssel és az elmúlt évtizedekben kialakított korszerű hadviselési elvekkel. Az eszközök és eljárások fejlődése napról napra, évről évre nyomon követhető. A Magyar Honvédség híradó, informatikai és információvédelmi szolgáltatási tevékenységének módszerei, eszközei, valamint szakembereinek tudása, tapasztalata minőségileg új generációt képvisel a XXI. század fordulójához képest.
A Tesla gázvezeték lehetséges hatásai az Európai Unió Balkán-félszigetet érintő energiapolitikájára
Authors: Török Virág
Published: October 2024

Globalizált világunkban az energiabiztonság szavatolása nagyban befolyásolja a regionális együttműködések trendjeit is. Ez égetően fontos kérdés az Unió és a Nyugat-Balkán számára is, mely a Tesla gázvezeték projekt megvalósulásával megoldást nyújtana a Unió gáz importfüggőségre és támogatná a balkáni régió uniós integrációját is.
A tudás, mint versenyelőny a köz- és a versenyszférában (tudás – kompetencia – teljesítmény – siker)
Authors: Hegedűs Henrik
Published: October 2024

Globalizált világunkban számos szakember – és nem csak HR-es – úgy véli, hogy az emberi tényezők: a tudás, a képesség, a magatartás és a hatékony személyzetmenedzselés a versenyképesség új forrásai, lépést tartva az egyre gyorsuló technológiai fejlődéssel. Mára már maga az ember – de már nem a naturális formájában – tudásával, a tudástechnológián alapuló munkaképességével a legfontosabb termelési tényezővé vált. Lokálisan, a nemzetállamok esetében ez úgy jelenik meg, hogy gazdaságfejlesztési stratégiájukban a humántőke, a tudástőke szerepe folyamatosan felértékelődik. A globalizációs kihívás ezzel együtt a „kreatív verseny” fokozódását is jelenti, mely a „teljesítményképes tudás” előtérbe helyezését hangsúlyozza.
A vállalatok és a kritikus infrastruktúrák humánhálózata ellen irányuló támadások veszélyei a komplex hálózatok elemélete alapján
Authors: Kiss Dávid , Váczi Dániel
Published: October 2024

A szerzők célja, hogy elméleti oldalról megközelítve feltárják a kritikus infrastruktúra-elemek humánveszélyeit és a hálózatelemzés segítségével a kockázati faktor csökkentésének lehetőségét vizsgálják meg a terjedési mechanizmus modellezésére, illetve megállítására használt ún. vírusfertőzés és az immunizálás módszerével.
Új összetételű a Hadtudományi Bizottság
Authors: Kovács László
Published: October 2024

2017 őszén került sor a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia IX. Gazdaság- és Jogtudományi Osztály Hadtudományi Bizottsága új tagjainak megválasztására. A háromévenkénti akadémiai tisztújítás részeként, a 3 éves ciklus leteltével a választás az MTA választási rendszerébe illeszkedve, az Akadémia többi osztálya tudományos bizottságai-hoz hasonlóan történt meg, az MTA alapszabály vonatkozó rendelkezései alapján.
Beszámoló a Kiberbiztonság és robothadviselés 2017 tudományos konferenciáról
Authors: Kollár Csaba , Ványa László
Published: October 2024

2000 novemberében hagyományt teremtett a Zrínyi Miklós Nemzetvédelmi Egye-tem, Vezetés- és Szervezéstudományi Karának Elektronikai Hadviselés Tanszéke:prof. dr. Makkay Imre mk. ezredes vezetésével ekkor rendezték meg a robothadviseléssel foglalkozó első konferenciát. Gyorsan változó világunkban az állandóság, a hagyományteremtés ritka dolog, erre akkor kevesen is gondoltak és lám, 2017-ben, a Magyar Tudomány Ünnepe rendezvénysorozat eseményeként immáron 17. alkalommal rendeztek e tárgyban tudományos tanácskozást.
Az alapvető katonai erények mibenléte és helyük a hosszú 19. századi magyar hadtudományos gondolkodásban
Authors: Boda Mihály
Published: October 2024

Az erények, első megközelítésben, az emberi személyiség/karakter lehetséges jegyei, amelyek által az emberek hajlamosak erkölcsi szempontból ideális módon viselkedve valamilyen erkölcsi szempontból fontos célt elérni, és amelyeknek az elsajátíttatása a közösség feladata. A bátorság, a becsület és a hűség a háborúk vívásában és a győzelem kiharcolásában, a múltban és a jelenben egyaránt fontos szerepet játszó, alapvető, katonai erények. Az alábbi tanulmány egy tanulmánysorozat első része. A tanulmánysorozat három, a katonai erényekkel kapcsolatos célt állít maga elé: a) bemutatni az alapvető katonai erények összefüggésrendszerét; b) átgondolni az alapvető katonai erények sokféléségét; és c) kimutatni az alapvetõ katonai erényeket, és azok speciális rendszerét a hosszú 19. századi magyar hadtudomány írásaiban, azaz a korszak magyar katonai ideológiájában. A tanulmánysorozat első részében először kitérek az erények mibenlétére, majd a hagyományos katonai erénylistákat mutatok be és elemzek. A második, a harmadik és a negyedik rész témája a bátorság, a becsület és a hűség, illetve ezek típusai. Végül, a tanulmánysorozat záró része ezeket az erényeket vizsgálja a hosszú 19. századi magyar hadtudományos irodalmában.
A „Duna”-hadműveletből levont főbb tapasztalatok, tanulságok – a végrehajtó parancsnokok szemszögéből (1968. október) - 1. rész
Authors: M. Szabó Miklós
Published: October 2024

Az 50 évvel ezelőtt zajlott csehszlovákiai események történetét ismertnek véve, a Szerző levéltári iratok alapján összefoglalta azokat az alapvető tapasztalatokat, amelyeket a végrehajtásban részt vett – különböző szintű – parancsnokok rögzítettek „összegző jelentésben” még a hadművelet folyamán, 1968. szeptember végén, október elején, s amiknek lényegét már az év végén, illetve 1969-ben hasznosította is a Magyar Néphadsereg felső vezetése.
Effect of the sharp profile geometry ong the cutting forces of tire recycling tools
Authors: Cárdenas Flechas Leydi Julieta , Teran Llorente Leonel , Hincapié Ladino Duberney , Chala Bustamante Edgar
Published: October 2024

Objective: Study the impact of blade profile geometry on cutting forces during tire recycling, focusing on how variations in the shape and design of tools affect the efficiency and quality of the cut, as well as the tools' lifespan. Methodology: Through the construction and testing of three blade geometries, based on a prior numerical study and made from DF2 and 1.2363 steel, experiments were conducted on a Universal Testing Machine with samples of used tire rubber. Results: It was demonstrated that the hollow profile blade significantly reduces energy consumption and improves cutting performance compared to the 30° straight V profile blade, for both rubber-only samples and those with reinforcing textile fibers. Additionally, the study presented the evaluation of shear stresses using a 90° blade, indicating an average shear stress value of 8.67 MPa. Conclusion: This finding suggests that the appropriate selection of blade geometry can significantly contribute to the efficiency of the tire recycling process, offering important economic and environmental implications.
Desenvolvimento de plug-in BIM para verificação de conformidade de Projetos Arquitetônicos segundo as Leis Municipais – O Caso de Passo Fundo/RS
Authors: Haas Lucas , Silva Thaísa Leal da
Published: October 2024

The construction industry plays a significant role in job creation and the socioeconomic development of cities. However, architects and urban planners face challenges due to the delay in the approval of architectural projects by municipal governments, attributed to the non-compliance of projects with local laws. In this context, this study proposes the use of programming in BIM (Building Information Modeling) software, with the aim of developing a plug-in to assist in the process of approving architectural projects in compliance with the municipal laws and regulations of Passo Fundo-RS. The methodology adopted was based on a thorough literature review, document analysis, and the development of a plug-in prototype for Revit, developed in Dynamo using the Python language. The proposed prototype involves the integration of urban data into Revit to automate the collection of information such as building dimensions, lot areas, setbacks, and other metrics. The results revealed that the implementation of programming routines in BIM, especially for Revit, has the potential to significantly reduce the waiting times for project approvals by the municipal government, improve their compliance with local regulations, and minimize pending issues and rework.
Piezo1-driven mechanotransduction as a key regulator of cartilage degradation in early osteoarthritis
Authors: Yan Xu , Fu Su , Xie Ying , Zhang Chunlin , Wu Xuejian
Published: October 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative disease characterized by pain and cartilage damage in its later stages, while early OA is marked by the loss of cartilage’s mechanical function. Recent studies suggest that Piezo1, a mechanotransducer, may contribute to cartilage degradation under abnormal physical stress. This study investigates the mechanism by which Piezo1 mediates the loss of cartilage’s mechanical properties. Using rat chondrocytes cultured in a 3D in vitro model, we found that fluid flow-induced physical stress activates constitutively expressed Piezo1, leading to increased catabolic activity and apoptosis, which, in turn, disrupts the matrix structure. Ex vivo cartilage experiments further demonstrated that the mechanical stress-induced loss of cartilage’s physical properties (approximately 10% reduction in relaxation modulus) is mediated by Piezo1 and depends on cell viability. Notably, Piezo1 agonists alone did not alter the mechanical behavior of cartilage tissue. In vivo, using an OA rat model induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection, we observed cartilage integrity degradation and loss of mechanical properties, which were partially mitigated by Piezo1 inhibition. RNA sequencing revealed significant modulation of the PI3K signaling and matrix regulation pathways. Collectively, this study demonstrates that Piezo1-mediated catabolic activity in chondrocytes is a key driver of the loss of cartilage’s mechanical function during the relaxation phase.
Students’ Life Skills with Reference to the Socio-Economic Status and Discipline of the Study in the Context of NEP-2020
Authors:   Ph.D. Student, Department of Education, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India, Pachauri Naresh C , Kumar Aneet
Published: October 2024

Objective: The main aim of this paper was to examine the relationship between life skills and the socioeconomic status of the students enrolled in different disciplines of study in universities and colleges of Punjab State. Method: 600 students who were majoring in science, the arts, or business programs in the universities and colleges of Punjab State, India served as the sample. Modified Kuppuswamy (2022) Socio-economic scale (SES) was used. As per scale- families are placed into one of five categories: upper class, upper middle class, lower middle class, upper lower class, and lower class. A family’s total score can range anywhere from three to twenty-nine points, and it can only be determined by combining information about the members of the family’s education level, occupation level, and income level. Life skills were measured by self-developed tools. This test measures 10 life skills, including critical thinking, self-awareness, creativity, decision-making, problem-solving, effective communication, interpersonal relationships, empathy, stress management, and dealing with emotions. Each dimension has five statements, and a 5-point scale is used to rate each. Findings: It has been found in the present study that students of science disciplines have higher life skills in comparison to Commerce and Social science Streams. Similarly, students from higher SES backgrounds tend to have better Life Skills compared to those from lower SES backgrounds. Novelty: This research uniquely compares socio-economic status, academic discipline, and students' life skills within the NEP-2020 framework. It stands out by examining how these variables collectively impact life skills development, providing a nuanced understanding of their interdependence. By focusing on the diverse socio-economic backgrounds and varied academic disciplines, the study offers novel insights into tailoring educational strategies that foster essential life skills. In this research paper, an analytical approach has been applied to analyze the data as per NEP-2020's holistic and inclusive vision, aiming to bridge educational disparities and enhance student outcomes in a comprehensive manner. Keywords: Life Skills, Socio-Economic Status, Science, Social Science and Commerce Disciplines of study, NEP 2020
Issues and Challenges in Small-Signal Low-Power Amplifiers: A Review
Authors:   Professor, Department of Physics and Electronics, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India, Shukla Sachchidanand , Arshad Syed Shamroz , Thakur Kavita , Srivastava Geetika
Published: October 2024

Background: Contemporary linear electronic circuit designs frequently include small-signal low-power amplifiers as a fundamental building block. These amplifiers are widely used as LNAs (Low Noise Amplifiers) in the pre-amplifier stages of both low-frequency and high-frequency featured electronic circuits. Objectives: To review the recent advances in the design of small-signal low-power amplifiers based on device configuration of BJTs, JFETs and MOSFETs for low (≤1KHz) and high frequencies (≥1MHz) at smaller input voltage (<1 Volt). Methods: The articles published between 2010 to 2024 are shortlisted from IEEE Xplore, Springer, Science Direct Elsevier, Google Scholar, and MDPI databases and the outcomes of the different techniques are compared on various parameters. Findings: It is found that four-stage CMOS amplifier at TSMC 40nm process technology emerges with highest 84.59dB gain, InP (Indium Phosphide) Distributed Amplifier Using 3-D Interdigital Capacitors carries widest bandwidth of 160 GHz, two stage darlington pair amplifier at 0.18μm under dual input and dual output topologies and four stage CMOS amplifier at 40nm technology realizes lower power consumption of 0.5mW and 0.00086 mW respectively. Small Signal Amplifier based on single stage BJT-JFET Sziklai pair operates at lowest frequency of 11.36 Hz, single stage LNA at 180nm CMOS technology using inductive degenerate topology works at very low supply voltage at +0.5V and, recently reported complementary sziklai based small signal amplifier under CC mode works at lowest -15V supply voltage. Novelty: The review proposed on ‘Small Signal Low Power Amplifier’ is first time reported in this paper. Moreover, it discusses low power small signal amplifiers at both low (≤1KHz) and high (≥MHz) frequencies considering gain enhancement technique, power dissipation reduction technique, and noise reduction technique whereas other review papers emphasize on the general discussion of different topologies only at high frequencies. Keywords: Small-Signal Amplifiers, Low Power Amplifiers, BJTs, JFETs, MOSFETs
Advancements in Segmentation of Unconstrained Malayalam Handwritten Documents f or Enhanced OCR
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Sullamussalam Science College, Calicut University, Malappuram, Kerala, India, Anju A T , Chacko Binu P , Basheer K P Mohamed
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To develop an effective method for segmenting handwritten document images into individual words by focusing on Malayalam language documents and also to aid in creating a benchmark dataset. Method: This study adapts an approach that integrates Canny edge detection, morphological operations, and contour analysis. The dataset used comprises 500 unconstrained Malayalam handwritten scanned document images, specifically police’s First Information Statement (FIS) collected from the Department of Kerala Police. Parameters considered include grayscale conversion, noise removal techniques, edge detection, thresholding (Otsu method), dilation, and contour extraction for word segmentation. The proposed method was compared with gold standards by manually segmenting the documents and calculating accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, yielding superior performance metrics across various instances. Findings: The method achieved accuracies of 95.08% for Document 1, 91.67% for Document 2, and 100% for Document 3, resulting in an average accuracy of 95.58%. Additionally, the method yielded an average Precision of 100%, an average Recall of 95.58%, and an average F1 Score of 97.72%. Novelty: This study addresses the scarcity of Malayalam handwritten word datasets by introducing a robust segmentation method that is not only effective for Malayalam but also adaptable to other scripts. The novelty of this work lies in its comprehensive approach to segmentation, validated through experiments on a preliminary subset of the dataset. While the dataset is still in the creation phase, the current work provides significant insights and methodologies that will contribute to the final benchmark dataset. The benchmark dataset will be made publicly available upon completion, ensuring that this research lays the foundation for future studies in handwritten document analysis. Keywords: Handwritten Document Segmentation, OCR, Malayalam, Canny Edge Detection, Morphological Operations, Contour Analysis, Benchmark Dataset
On the Independent Uphill Domination Polynomial of a Graph
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Govt. Arts College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, Murugesan N , Samyukthavarthini B
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The concept of independent uphill domination polynomial is newly defined to deal with the present graph theory in this paper. It is characterized and analyzed within various contexts and types of graphs, its roots are discovered, its relation to different graph transforms is discussed and the study of this graph can help reveal new structures of graphs. Methods: The independent uphill domination polynomial is defined as is an independent uphill dominating set of size in . The uphill paths are used in identifying the criterion of independent uphill dominating sets. The computation of specific values of the polynomial is performed for basic graphs, and the polynomial’s response to various flip operations is observed. Findings: Checking the standard graphs for some properties of the independent uphill dominance polynomial shows the features of the independent uphill dominance polynomial as an uphill dominance polynomial of a certain type of digraph. Families of polynomials can be best understood when it comes to stability and characteristics by analyzing their roots on different graphical planes. They demonstrate how the structure of the graph and the polynomial change as a result of the different graph operations. Novelty: Incorporating uphill paths into independent dominating sets extends common domination polynomials and provides a distinct perspective distinct from previous investigations on graph dominance. Hence, this work enriches the subject and suggests new avenues for studying related polynomials and their uses by encompassing more structural properties of graphs. Keywords: Domination, Polynomial, Uphill domination, Independent domination, Root, Book graph, Independent uphill domination polynomial
A Fixed Point Theorem for Non-Self Mappings of Rational Type in 𝔟−Multiplicative Metric Spaces with Application to Integral Equations
Authors:   Research Scholar, PG and Research, Department of Mathematics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620002, Tamil Nadu, India, Lavino P Joselin , Dharsini A Mary Priya
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To prove fixed point theorem for non-self mappings of rational type in -multiplicative metric spaces and apply the theorem to solve integral equations. Method: Multiplicative metrically convex is defined in the context of - multiplicative metric spaces to prove fixed point theorems for pairs of non-self mappings using rational type contraction. Findings: The theorem demonstrates that under certain rational type contraction, a unique fixed point exists for non-self mappings in -multiplicative metric spaces. Applications of integral equations shown improved convergence and solution accuracy. Novelty: First fixed point theorem for non-self mappings in -multiplicative metric spaces, introducing a new approach to solving Volterra-Hammerstein integral equations. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 47H10, 54H25. Keywords: Coincidence Point, Nonself Mappings, Rational Type contraction, b-Multiplicative Metric Spaces (b-m ́ms), Volterra-Hammerstein integral equations
Orange Peels as Activated Carbon Charcoal For Cu (II) Ions Elimination From Water Sources
Authors:   Professor of Science, Faculty of Science and Art in Sharurah, Najran University, Najran, Najran, Saudi Arabia, Al-Qadri Fatima A , Alsaeree Khomasa Mubareek , Alsaeree Reem Ali , Alyamee Refea Mesefer
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The goal of this work is to create inexpensive Orange Peel Activated Carbon (OPAC) for the environmentally friendly to eliminate of Cu (II) from its aqueous solution. Methods: activated carbon made by calcining orange peels at 500°C to cause them to burn. Methods: The samples were characterized using FTIR, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption. Cu (II) was adsorbed in a batch procedure utilizing 0.25 g of (OPAC) and 100 mL of solution with varying beginning concentrations ranging from 20–80 mg/L. The investigation focused on the effects of variables pH, temperatures, concentrations, dosages, and times on the adsorption capacity. Thermodynamic parameters were computed, adsorption kinetics were assessed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order were computed models, and the adsorption isotherms were fitted using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Findings: The stretching of the hydroxyl groups is shown by peaks at 3100 and 4000 cm-1 as well as the 3300–3800 cm-1 region in the FTIR. Findings: the functionalized (OPAC). N2 adsorption isotherm revealed a hysteresis loop in the p/p0 region between 0.2 and 1. The surface area of obtained mesoporous OPAC was 0.99 nm. The maximum adsorption capacity (79.056 mg/g). Removal of Cu (II) was 99%. The adsorption process was spontaneous and less random, as indicated by the negative values of thermodynamic parameters (∆S° -14.0, ∆H°-54.76, and ∆G°-60.36 kJ.mol-1). According to the findings, orange peel has a high surface area and is highly porous, which allows it to effectively remove over 99% of harmful heavy metals from water sources. Novelty: The study proves that orange peel can be effectively used as one of the best-quality, reasonably priced, readily available, eco-friendly bio-sorbents that is also beneficial to the economy in the long run. Keywords: Orange peel, Cu (II), Adsorption, Kinetic, Thermodynamic, IFTR
A Bi-LSTM and Attention Based Approach for Developing an Assamese AI Chatbot
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Krishna Kanta Handiqui State Open University, Guwahati, Assam, India, Sarma Surajit , Pathak Nabankur
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to develop, evaluate, and analyses a Bi-LSTM and attention-based model and decide whether it is the best deep learning hybrid model for developing the Assamese AI Conversational Agent. Methods: A dataset for the Assamese language was created for this research. A bi-LSTM and attention-based model was developed and trained with the dataset. We have compared the accuracy and performance of the proposed model with those of other deep learning models. The bag of words technique was used for feature extraction of text. For natural language processing, a custom stemmer, stop word functions and root word and stop word database were developed. The performance of the model is measured using metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-score. Findings: From the research study, we have found that the bi-LSTM and attention-based model performed better in terms of all the metrics compared to other models. This model was able to attain an accuracy of 89.99%. Novelty: This research is novel as it is the first attempt to develop an AI chatbot in Assamese based on a deep learning model. Assamese is a language that has not received much attention in the field of AI chatbots. This research has great significance for the society where Assamese is spoken, as it can provide a platform for communication, information, and education in their native language. The Assamese language is in its beginning stages on the digital platform and has limited research done in the field of AI chatbots. This research will contribute a lot to this research area and open a new door for researchers who are interested in this topic. It will also allow them to further explore, improve, and develop new ideas. Keywords: Deep Learning, Natural language processing, Chatbot, Assamese
A Deep Learning Model for Classifying Black Sigatoka Disease in Banana Leaves Based on Infection Stages
Authors:   School of Computation and Communication Science and Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, (NM-AIST), P.O.BOX 447, Arusha, Tanzania, Kambo Edwin , Nyambo Devotha , Leo Judith , Ally Mussa
Published: October 2024

Objective: This research study aims to develop an efficient deep-learning model to detect and classify stages of Black Sigatoka disease in banana plants. Methods: In this study, deep learning techniques, specifically the basic Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and VGG16 models, were used to address the challenge of identifying Black Sigatoka disease in banana leaves early on. The tests were conducted on a dataset containing labelled images of banana leaves, assessing their effectiveness based on criteria such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score after adjusting hyperparameters for optimal outcomes. Findings: The results of the trials revealed that the basic CNN model attained a training accuracy of 96% and a validation accuracy of 89%, surpassing the performance of the VGG16 model. The VGG16 model, on the other hand, had a training accuracy of 92% and a validation accuracy of 89%. Across precision, recall, and F1 score measurements, the basic CNN model consistently outperformed the VGG16 model, with scores averaging 0.90 for all three metrics compared to VGG16's precision of 0.80, recall of 0.75, and F1 score of 0.75. The CNN model demonstrated its efficiency by stopping training at 26 epochs, whereas VGG16 completed training in 21 epochs. This demonstrates its effectiveness in detecting Black Sigatoka while utilising minimal resources. Novelty: A significant component of this study is its emphasis on identifying the stages of Black Sigatoka disease, which is commonly overlooked in research. By studying disease progression, this study provides insights for early intervention and disease management, aiding efforts to lessen the impact of Black Sigatoka on banana farming. Keywords: Black Sigatoka, Deep Learning, Disease Stages, Convolutional Neural Network, Classification, Identification
Deep Learning Enhanced CNN with Bio-Inspired Techniques and BCE For Effective Lung Nodules Detection & Classification For Accurate Diagnosis
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, PKR Arts College for Women, Gobichettipalayam, Tamil Nadu, India, Kalaivani D , Dheepa G
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To propose a new hybrid deep learning model to boost lung nodule detection and classification in combination with a bioinspired method for efficient hyper-parameter optimization to maximize true positive and nodule discrimination rates. Methods: In order to extract the intrinsic and complex features from different lung nodules, deep learning-based enhanced CNN (ECNN) is used. Segmentation masks are generated using Mask-RCNN to isolate and capture the ROIs, which serve as input to CNN. Prior to segmentation and extraction, data cleaning, transformation, and augmentation is done. Hyper-parameter optimization is done using a bio-inspired differential evolution method, which helps to identify the learning rate and number of layers to achieve optimal performance. We utilize BCE to quantify the performance of classification tasks. A large-scale CT-DICOM image dataset with 25,1135 images is used for this research work, collected from the cancer imaging archive, which has a clinically proven record of 355 instances with detailed image analysis, tumor location, and bounding boxes with a resolution of 512x512 pixels. 175794 images are used for training, and 75341 images are used for testing and validation. The performance of the new system is assessed using MATLAB, where results are compared with existing models such as SVM-WSS, GCPSO-PNN, and 3D-DLCNN models. Findings: The newly suggested ECNN with DE Bio-inspired model boosts the performance of lung nodule detection and classification with 94.7% accuracy, 93.8% sensitivity, 94.5% specificity, 93.4% F1 score, 92.4% dice coefficient, 0.1 Log Loss and AUC-ROC with 0.93 TPR and 0.07 FPR. Novelty: The novel method presents an advanced computational model using deep learning and bio-inspired algorithms for robust classification of lung nodules, which significantly improves the early diagnosis. This CAD model overcomes the limitations of the existing approaches SVM-WSS, GCPSO-PNN, and 3D-DLCNN in terms of segmentation, classification, error detection, and hyper-parameter tuning. Keywords: Lung Nodules, Deep Learning, Disease Classification, Image Processing, ECNN- DE Classifier, CT-DICOM Dataset
Experimental Investigation on Performance Characteristics o f Diesel Engine Using Various Blended Biodiesels
Authors:   Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,, Chaitanya Deemed to be University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Mohan B , Raju S , Srinivasnaik M
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the performance characteristics of diesel engines through experimental research with various biodiesel blends. Method: Three types of oils were chosen for this study: waste cooking oil, waste chicken oil, and palm oil. The methyl esters were produced from waste chicken oil (COME), waste cooking oil (WCOME), and palm oil (POME). The test runs were done on a 4.5 kW direct injection, air-cooled, four-stroke, single-cylinder, and constant-speed diesel engine using varied fuel at maximum load. Findings: This study finds performance analysis for a variety of methyl esters and diesel. The Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) was found to be: for Diesel (33.36%), POME (30.53%), WCOME (27.5%), COME (25.0%) at rated power (4.5) K.W. The brake thermal efficiency for palm oil methyl esters is similar to the diesel compared to the other methyl esters. Novelty: This research study provides a comparison between the diesel and methyl esters of break thermal efficiency for diesel engines. Keywords: Diesel Engine, Trans esterification, Biodiesels, Performance characteristics
Impacts of Plug-in Electric Vehicles and Renewable Energy Source on Unit Commitment Problem using Cat Mouse Based Optimization A lgorithm
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Electrical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India, Kamalanathan V , Asokan K
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The main objective of this paper is to solve the Cost Based Unit Commitment (CBIC) problem considering Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Plug-in Electric vehicles (PEVs). The proposed problem minimizes the total operating of the interconnected system. Methods: A novel and recently developed successful optimization tool of Cat and Mouse Based Optimizer (CMBO) is proposed for optimal solution of Cost Based UC problem. The proposed CMBO approach is having two groups such as Cat group and Mice group for searching the global optimal solution with less computational time. It contains two phases like Cat’s movement towards Mice and Mice escape to a safe place is effectively updating the new position of Cat and Mice to easily reaching the best solutions. The control parameter of CMBO is number of agents is 50, number of variables is 10 and maximum number of iteration is 500. MATLAB 14.0 platform is utilized for the projected problem. Findings: The method tested on standard IEEE-39 bus system (10 generators and 24 hour) with an equivalent PEV and Wind farm. The CMBO approach minimize the total operating cost with various test cases. The outcomes such as UC schedule, Real power output of thermal, wind and PEV units, fuel cost, startup cost and total operating cost of the interconnected system are numerically and graphically reported. The total operating cost is 4.11 % minimized when compared with base case approach and 0.73 % reduced than the other existing method viz. Parallel UCs-RP method. Novelty: The CMBO is recently developed powerful optimizer and parameter free algorithm, so easily reaches the global optimal solutions. The obtained simulated results are compared with other mathematical and intelligent computational approaches for proving the efficiency and performance of the proposed CNBO technique. Keywords: Unit Commitment, Plug­in Electric Vehicles, Renewable Energy Sources, Cost minimization, Cat and Mouse Based Optimizer
EXISTENCE OF THE GLOBAL ATTRACTOR FOR A HYPERBOLIC PHASE FIELD SYSTEM OF CAGINALP TYPE WITH RELAXATION, GOVERNED BY A POLYNOMIAL GROWTH POTENTIAL OF DEGREE
Authors: BANGOLA Brice Landry DOUMBE , IPOPA Mohamed Ali , MANGOUBI Jean De Dieu , LANGA Franck Davhys Reval
Published: October 2024

Phase field systems have attracted the attention of many researchers in physics and mathematics for several years. They have a wide range of applications, including materials science, thermal welding, crystal formation, and others. In such phenomena, perturbations can occur. The industrial world seeks to understand the behavior of the perturbed system while seeking better control of the perturbation. Our goal in this paper is to study the asymptotic behavior of the solution, proving the existence of the global attractor for perturbed phase field systems with a regular potential and polynomial growth typically of degree .
Geologic Input Databases for the 2025 Puerto Rico—U.S. Virgin Islands National Seismic Hazard Model Update: Crustal Faults Component
Authors: Thompson Jobe Jessica , Briggs Richard W. , ten Brink Uri , Pratt Thomas L. , Hughes Kenneth Stephen , Hatem Alexandra E. , DuRoss Christopher B. , Reitman Nadine G. , Herrick Julie A. , Nicovich Sylvia , Collett Camille M. , Scharer Katherine M. , DeLong Stephen B.
Published: October 2024

The last National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands (PRVI) was published in 2003. In advance of the 2025 PRVI NSHM update, we created three geologic input databases to summarize new onshore and offshore fault source information in the northern Caribbean region between 62°–70° W and 16°–21° N. These databases, of fault sections, fault-zone polygons, and geologic estimates of fault activity (fault-slip rate and earthquake recurrence intervals) at specific sites, document updates to fault parameters used in prior seismic hazard models in PRVI. Fault sources were reviewed from published studies since 2003, which document substantial changes to the understanding of fault location, geometry, or activity. New fault section sources were added for features that meet the criteria of (1) length ≥7 km, (2) unequivocal evidence of recurrent tectonic Quaternary activity, and (3) documentation that is publicly available in a peer-reviewed source. In addition, we revised several broad areal sources, such as the Mona and Anegada extensional zones. The 2003 model included three fault sections and two fault-zone polygons (areal sources). These databases include 35 fault sections, 6 fault-zone polygons, and 51 earthquake geology sites. To characterize fault activity rates, slip-rate bins were assigned based on landscape expression and paleoseismic trench observations for faults without published slip-rate sites. Additional fault sources were evaluated but not included in these databases due to a lack of published information about fault location, geometry, or recurrent Quaternary activity. The PRVI NSHM 2025 geologic input databases describe crustal faulting; the geometries and coupling of Puerto Rico subduction zone and Muertos Trough models are considered in a separate database. Updates to the fault sections, fault-zone polygons, and earthquake geology databases can help inform the location and recurrence rate of damaging earthquakes in the PRVI NSHM implementation.
Evidências sobre políticas de mercado de trabalho e implicações para o Brasil: microcrédito
Authors: Mancha André , Cavalcanti Filipe , Ratcher Laísa , Gouvea Livia , Fontes Luiz Felipe
Published: October 2024

Esta publicação produzida em co-autoria entre a JOI Brasil, uma iniciativa J-PAL LAC, e o Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento analisa as evidências disponíveis sobre programas de microcrédito e discute suas implicações para a formulação de políticas públicas no Brasil. Programas de microcrédito podem ser uma ferramenta para ajudar empreendedores a superar restrições financeiras, oferecendo acesso a financiamentos de baixo valor com a finalidade de impulsionar o crescimento - e aliviar a pobreza através do aumento das oportunidades de geração de renda. No entanto, apesar da popularidade desses programas ao redor do mundo, avaliações em países de renda média e baixa indicam que a oferta de microcrédito nem sempre promoveu impactos significativos na renda e no consumo de seus beneficiários, assim como nem sempre promoveu consistentemente investimentos de alto retorno. Diante disso, é preciso identificar quais características mais relevantes em programas bem sucedidos.
Implementation of Zakat Distribution by BAZNAS of Jambi City
Authors: Putri Handayani Novia , Addiarrahman  , Hilmi
Published: October 2024

Zakat, a pillar of Islam, serves as a crucial wealth distribution mechanism aimed at reducing socio-economic inequalities. With Indonesia's vast Muslim population, the potential of zakat is significant, yet its impact relies heavily on effective management and distribution. This study explores the implementation of zakat distribution by BAZNAS of Jambi City, focusing on its processes, effectiveness, challenges, and proposed solutions. This research utilizes a qualitative case study approach, involving BAZNAS administrators, field officers, and zakat recipients (mustahik) to gain insights into the zakat distribution in Jambi City. The findings reveal that BAZNAS Jambi City has developed a structured zakat distribution system, encompassing mustahik data collection, verification, and fund allocation. The BAZNAS Jambi City categorizes zakat distribution into consumptive, productive, and special programs, each with specific targets. However, challenges such as limited human resources, budget constraints, and a lack of continuous assistance in productive zakat programs were identified, impacting the long-term benefits for mustahik. Despite these challenges, BAZNAS Jambi City has made efforts to improve the distribution process, including the creation of Zakat Collection Units and seeking the issuance of local regulations to ensure consistent zakat collection. The study concludes that while BAZNAS Jambi City's zakat distribution has made strides in improving community welfare, there is a need for enhanced mentoring and innovation to maximize the impact of productive zakat programs. The research provides valuable recommendations for BAZNAS and other regions to refine their zakat distribution strategies, ultimately contributing to poverty alleviation and economic empowerment.