bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drug compliance among hypertensive patients in Kassala, Eastern Sudan
Authors: El Zubier A. G. , Husain A. A. , Suleimati I. A. , Hamid Z. A.
Published: September 2021

A cross-sectional study of hypertensive patients was conducted and drug compliance was estimated. Factors associated with compliance, status of blood pressure control and occurrence of complications were assessed. Compliance was 59.6% as measured with the pill count method. We found 92% of compliant patients had controlled blood pressure in comparison with 18% of non-compliant patients, and 30.1% of the compliant patients had complications in comparison with 46.3% of the non-compliant patients. While the compliance rate was reasonable, 36.8% of patients were non-compliant because they could not afford to buy antihypertensive drugs. Inability to buy drugs was negatively and significantly associated with compliance. These patients experienced uncontrolled blood pressure and other complications
Bahraini women’s health: a background paper
Authors: Hamadeh R. R.
Published: September 2021

This study assessed the trends in the health status of Bahraini women from the early 1980s to the mid 1990s through review of census data and health data. Sociodemographic characteristics, reproductive health, mortality, morbidity and lifestyle patterns were studied. The implications of the data and measures needed to be taken to further improve the health and health care services of women are discussed
Neonatal intestinal obstruction: report
Authors: Nasir G. A. , Rahma S. , Kadim A. H.
Published: September 2021

We reviewed 36 cases of neonatal intestinal obstruction admitted to our surgical unit over a 10-year period, 1986-1996, for surgical intervention following the failure of conservative treatment. There were more males than females and the age range was 12 hours-26 days. Imperforate anus was the main cause of the obstruction [27.8%] followed by duodenal atresia [13.9%] and colonic atresia and meconium ileus [11.1% each]. There were 8 deaths following surgery [22% mortality rate], the main causes being aspiration pneumonia, septicaemia and hypothermia
Hypoglycaemic effect of aqueous extract of the leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum in healthy volunteers
Authors: Abdel Barry J. A.
Published: September 2021

The safety and efficacy of Trigonella foenum-graecum extract was investigated using 20 male volunteers aged 20-30 years. They were randomly treated with either 40 mg/kg aqueous extract powder in 10 mL distilled water or 10 mL distilled water in which coffee simulated the extract. The extract significantly lowered blood glucose level by 13.4% 4 hours after ingestion. A significant change of 14.1% was observed in potassium levels. No significant alteration in serum cholesterol, total serum protein and blood urea occurred. Approximately one-third experienced feelings of hunger, frequency of micturition or dizziness during the 24 hours after ingestion. The aqueous extract effectively reduced blood glucose in normal subjects safely. Its hypokalaemic effect merits further investigation
SCOPE AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INSTITUTE OF RECONCILIATION UNDER THE LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Prosecutor Kibrai  district of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Norova Nasiba
Published: September 2021

The article deals withthe issues of the scope and development of the institution of exemption from criminal liability in connection with reconciliation in the Republic of Uzbekistan, its advantages in the reform of the judicial and legal system, the work carried out in the field of improving the institution of reconciliation. At the same time, this article provides the essence of the conditions inherent in reconciliation, in terms of the commission of the crime provided for in this article, compensation for the damagecaused tothe victim by the perpetrator and forgiveness ofthe victim, in the presence of which it is possible to release the person from criminal liability
CIVIL LEGAL REGULATION OF THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF PATENTED INVENTIONS: THE CREATION OF INVENTIONS, THE LICENSING OF PATENT RIGHTS, THE SALE OF PATENT RIGHTS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Egamova Dilrabo
Published: September 2021

In this article, issues of commercialization of intellectual property objects, which are one of the topical issues in the field of intellectual property, including the commercialization of patented inventions, their legal status, creation of inventions, licensing of patent rights,sale of patent rights, copyright rights, restoration of violated rights are considered. At the same time, the opinions of anumber of scientists on the commercialization of intellectual property objects in foreign countries and the Republic of Uzbekistan have been studied
SCIENTIFIC AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF LAND USE AND LAND PROTECTION
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Uzakova Guzal , Saidov Sukhrob
Published: September 2021

The article explains the concept of state management in the sphere of land use and protection, based on the existing legal documents, scientific and theoretical foundations. Also land reform in the Republic of Uzbekistan is treated as one of the main directions of state public administration. The author investigates land management as a type of environmental control and describes organizational and legal basis for land protection in urban planning. The article considers the issues of adoption by government administrationof normative acts on land use and protection on safeguard and rational use of lands; establishment of standards on environmental protection, maintenance of state registration of lands and state cadastre; rational use of lands and planning oftheir protection; distribution and redistribution ofland; landscape design;
SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF CURRENCY SMUGGLING AND ANALYSIS METHODS USED
Authors:   InstituteStateCustoms Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Gafurov Farkhod
Published: September 2021

Today, as a result of the reforms carried out in the field of currency policy liberalization in the Republic of Uzbekistan, a wide range of favorable opportunities is being created for entrepreneurs and citizens engaged in export-import operations.However, there are attempts to illegally use the opportunities created by some “impure entrepreneurs”and citizens, in particular, cases of currency smuggling. This situation, in turn, causes an escalation and growth of currency smuggling to the Republic of Uzbekistan.Since there is a need to prevent the problem of currency smuggling through effective research and analysis methods.Based on the above, this scientific article will cover in detail the scientific approaches to the study of the problem of currency smuggling and the analysis methods used
IMPROVEMENT OF THE HUMAN RESOURCE SUPPORT SYSTEM OF ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY DEPARTMENTS
Authors:   Combat Union of the Academy of Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Azimov Tokhir
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the current state of staffing of traffic safety units of the internal affairs bodies, the work being done to improve the professional knowledge and skills of the employees of this service, as well as the regulations adopted in this regard. Also, the staffing of traffic safety units of the internal affairs bodies was studied in two stages, the process of its formation, problems in this area were analyzed and proposals were made to solve them
EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES ON MURDER INVESTIGATION
Authors:   Academy of the General Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Mirzaev Fakhritdin
Published: September 2021

The article examines the practice of foreign countries in the investigation of crimes related to murder. Opinions were expressed on the methods and tactics used in the investigation of crimes, as well as on the role and importance of forensic expertise in solving this type of crime. At the same time, the analysis of forensic technical means was highlighted, tactical rules in the investigation of murdersused in the investigative practice of foreign countries in comparison with national experience were analyzed, and the author's suggestions and recommendations were made.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LAW "ON OPERATIONAL INSPECTION ACTIVITIES" IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PREVENTION OF OFFENSES
Authors:   Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Djurayev Farxod
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the prevention of crime, maintenance of public order and early crime prevention, identification and elimination of the causes of crime in each district, family and individual, classification of each district depending on the crime situation in these regions and joint work to attract all forces and means to identify and eliminate the causes of crime, the role of the law "On operational-search activities" in the prevention of offenses, the concept of operational-search activities, the main tasks, basic principles; bodies carrying out operational-search activities, their legal status; types of operational-search measures and their comments regarding the procedure for conducting a search; social and legal protection of law enforcement officers and persons assisting in the conduct of such events, as well as their family members
INFORMATION SOCIETY IN THE CONTEXT OF LEGAL CULTURE
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Kudryavtsev Igor
Published: September 2021

This article explores the modern information society as a stage in the development of civilization, is a historically established form of joint activities of people, based on ensuring the priority of information over other resources, as well as on the prevailing use of information and telecommunication technologies for solving the basic tasks of human life and the formation of social connections. Recently, it has become common to characterize modern society as information society. An information society is a society in which each of its members is provided with the opportunity provided by law to be a participant in information exchange through the creation of information institutions for the most effective and full-fledged development.
CONTROL AS A TYPE OF STATE-MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONCEPTS OF "CONTROL" AND "SUPERVISION"
Authors:   Westminster International University in Tashkent of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ismanjanov Akbar , Shadiev Farrukh , Umarova Nigorakhonim
Published: September 2021

The authors investigate the purposes of state control and compare its external and internal aspects.The legal aspects of the correlation of the terms "control" and "supervision" are also analyzed. Examples of control are given (the controlling functions of state organizations, for example, the controlling functions of the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the controlling functions of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Uzbekistan, etc.), as well as the disclosure of such concepts as supervision and the state body authorized to oversee the activities of other state organizations, including law enforcement agencies. At the same time, a comparative table is provided, which reflects (provides a list of) state organizations (institutions) that have the authority in accordance with legislative acts to perform controlling functions, and at the same time, the supervisory department is also given along with the disclosure of concepts for its supervisory activities. Also, the final part of this article contains proposals for improving the activities of control and supervisory departments in the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as examples of the practice of the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, such as the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus
THE ROLE OF POLITICAL PARTY FACTIONS IN PARLIAMENT: NATIONAL AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Bekov Ikhtiyor
Published: September 2021

This article is devoted to the issues of constitutional and legal regulation of the legal status of factions of political parties in the parliament. In the article, the constitutional and legal basis of the activity of factions of political parties in the Republic of Uzbekistan has been studied based on comparison with national and foreign experience and its specific features have been revealed. The scientific works of national and foreign researchers on the stages of formation and development of the legal basis of the activity of factions of political parties in the Republic were been analyzed
LEGAL STATUS OF LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY (IN THE PRACTICE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES)
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khotamov Aziz
Published: September 2021

This article analyzes the legal status of limited liability companies. The research proposed in the article is aimed at giving a holistic view of the concept and types of business companies, the creation and termination of limited liability companies. Also, the scientific views of scientists, the legal practice of foreign countries, the application of civil legislation are considered. In conclusion, the author makes certain scientific conclusions and suggestions.
IMPROVING THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE ROTATION OF CIVIL SERVANTS
Authors:   justice of the city of Gulistan of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Donaev Boburjon
Published: September 2021

The article highlights the application of the rotation mechanism in the civil service and its types, the existing problems in the application of rotation to civil servants and the importance of eliminatingcorruption through the correct use of the institution of rotation in the organization of civil service. Some statistical data and forecasts on the rotation of civil servants are presented. As a result of the analysis of the best practices for the rotation of civil servants in foreign countries, proposals were developed and developed to improve this area.
THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTS IN THE EDUCATION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES AND THEIR SOCIAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ismoilov Bekjon
Published: September 2021

The article examines the conceptual significance of international legal norms representing the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of persons with disabilities. In particular, a comprehensive analysis of the positive impact of UNinternational documents on the lives of people with disabilities is carried out. We know that the national legal framework and international legal norms have a special place inthe integration of people with disabilities into a healthy society. In particular, the organization of education for children and youth with disabilities in accordance with international standards will increase the effectiveness of education for people with disabilities. and also, the article analyzes in detail the types of education for children with special needs in accordance with the existing regulatory framewor
ISSUES OF IMPROVING CIVIL LIABILITY FOR VIOLATIONS OF CONSUMER RIGHTS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Babaev Djakhongir
Published: September 2021

Legal liability plays a special role in ensuring consumer rights. Violation of the consumer's right to quality goods, works and services or failure to provide relevant information or violation of other consumer rights entails certain liability to the manufacturer, seller, service provider and contractor.Of the types of legal liability, only civil liability directly serves the interests of the consumer and is aimed at restoring his violated rights. Therefore, it is important to determine the scope of civil liability for violation of consumer rights, to study the prospects for taking appropriate measures to ensure consumer rights in modern conditions of expanding remote and online forms of trade and services. In addition, in addition to traditional measures of civil liability in the protection of consumer rights, it is important to scientifically and practically analyze the possibility of implementing the obligation, applying alternative measures of liability
Fikcja interaktywności. Filmy partycypacyjne i ich ograniczenia
Authors: Jankowski Filip
Published: September 2021

This article aims to analyze critically a phenomenon described as “interac­tive films”, represented by Black Mirror: Bandersnatch. The author of the article, pointing out crucial problems with the interactivity of computer media as such, suggests the more pertinent name: “participatory films”. Tracing their history from the 1930s, through full-motion video games, to contemporary hybrids of three-dimensional digital games and film forms, the author shows their poten­tials and constraints. Thus, the author concludes that Bandersnatch is not an innovative phenomenon but an anachronistic continuation of the participatory films’ up-to-date achievements.
Audiovisual Media Convergence and the Metareferential Strategies in "Layers of Fear 2"
Authors: Waszkiewicz Agata
Published: September 2021

There seems to be a certain agreement among game scholars that video games can be considered as inherently metareferential. The practices of emphasizing game’s “gameness” have the vast potential of creating the sense of rupture, Brech­tian alienation or estrangement, and it can be obtained through a number of strategies. The article examines the typology of such methods presented by Mat­teo Bittanti (2007) which are expanded upon and applied to film influences on video games. The final part of the article contains a discussion of the metarefer­ential strategies fond in Layers of Fear 2 video game (2019, Bloober Team).
Spojrzenie androida. Analiza diegetycznego interfejsu w grze NieR: Automata
Authors: Kozyra Magdalena
Published: September 2021

The aim of this article is to show how the user interface in video game NieR: Automata (N:A) is used as a narrative device. The author analyzes how the title tells a complex story through unconventional usages of different medium’s ele­ments, often perceived as invisible tools. Presenting the story from the perspec­tive of three androids, the game uses interface and system settings for narrative purposes and at the same time they are used to propose a look at a posthuman experience. The author claims that through glitches and other system’s flaws N:A naturalizes a mediated interface and allows the player to more intensively experience the story.
Digital docu-games, czyli cyfrowe gry dokumentalne
Authors: Sołodki Paweł
Published: September 2021

In this paper, I would like to take a closer look at the hybrid genre of digi­tal documentary (“docu-game”), which is part of a larger group, the so-called “serious games”. Documentary games are both game-specific (rules, levels, op­ponents, measurable progress, rewards, etc.), and are also strongly based on the facts, playing educational and activist roles. They can be available through browsers, similar to hypertext websites, but are often designed for stationary or mobile consoles. In terms of genres, a significant range can also be observed: platform games, like Never Alone (2014, E-Line Media), adventure games: Val­iant Hearts: the Great War (2014: Ubisoft) or 1979 Revolution (2014, N-Fusion), strategic games: This War of Mine (2014, 11bit studios), RPG (educational mode in Assassin’s Creed: Origins [2017] and Assassin’s Creed: Odyssey [2018]), or even survival horror: Kholat (2015, IMGN.PRO). The titles I describe present dif­ferent approach to factual sources: they add documentary footage as cutscenes (Never Alone), they build narration around real events and characters, and make the player’s avatar a fictional character (1979 Revolution), they base the game mechanics on the logic of events in well-defined real circumstances (This War of Mine). Since the works based on a genre-specific hybrid strategy occupy an important place in today’s audiovisual landscape, I think it would be worth fur­ther examining this “incompatible” area: a documentary, traditionally combined with truth and seriousness, and digital games, usually associated with fiction and entertainment.
MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF VARIOUS EXTERIOR AND CONSTITUTIONAL TYPES
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, BATANOV S.D. BATANOV S.D. , AMERKHANOV KH.A. , BARANOVA I.A. , STAROSTINA O.S. , KERTIEV R.M.
Published: September 2021

Improvement of the genetic potential in terms of cows’ productivity and creation of high milk-yield cattle with good health and long productive lifetime characteristics is impossible without systematic evaluation of such traits as milk-yield, exterior, and constitution type. The aim of our research was to study the trends in exterior traits genetic selection parameters changing, determine the extent of interconnection between cow productivity traits and constitution type among the Black-Motley and Kholmogory cow breeds of the Udmurt Republic. The research based on cow breeding-stocks was carried out in 2018–2020. The sampled population included 449 specimens. The whole cow population to be analyzed was divided in 3 groups by the productivity level: 1 – low (up to 6,000 kg); 2 – moderate (from 6,000 to 8,000 kg); 3 – high (over 8,000 kg). High milk-yield cows were higher – withers height was higher by 1.5% and 1.4% (P < 0.05) – and had more elongated body (by 1.0% and 0.8%) as compared with the 1st and 2nd group specimens. Low milk-yield cows (up to 6,000 kg) had short stature and big-boned constitution type with better-developed skeleton. They had greater values of such parameters as the chest width (by 1.6%), wide hip width (by 7.3%, P < 0.01), width of loin (by 13.2%, P < 0.01), and metacarpus girth (by 3.2%, P < 0.05). Cows with a productivity level over 8,000 kg of milk per 305 days of lactation had relatively high value of the Pelvic arch length (by 2.0% and 2.3%, Р < 0.05) and the depth of loin (by 1.3% and 1.5%) with insignificant difference in rump bone length. The lowest value of the mean exterior index of constitution type (by 3.0%, P < 0.05) was observed in high milkyield cows that is the evidence of the constitution proportionality, namely, optimal relation between the body volume and the height of a cow. Moreover, the Pelvic arch index – the ratio of the Pelvic arch volume to the body length – also testifies to harmonious constitution. High milk-yield cows demonstrated this index to be the lowest (by 3.8%, Р < 0.01) and featured more harmonious constitution.
SHRUB SPECIES FOR MULTIFUNCTIONAL PLANTINGS IN THE VOLGOGRAD REGION
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, SOLOMENTSEVA A.S. , SOLONKIN A.V.
Published: September 2021

The Volgograd region, with its complex soil and climatic conditions, needs to develop and preserve an assortment of shrub species suitable for various landscaping purposes. Among the introduced and already existing species in the plantings, the most promising include Cotoneaster lucidus Schltdl., Rosa cinnamomea L., Ribes aureum Pursh., Berberis vulgaris L.,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh.) Nutt., Symphoricarpos albus (L.) S.F. Blake, Amelanchier Canadensis (L.) Medik., Ligustrum vulgare L., Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach. The authors found that the studied species, due to their wide distribution area, perfectly adapted to the conditions of the region. In addition, the shrubs described in the paper, while forming new forest-agrarian landscapes, play an important role in enriching the species composition of flora and fauna, serve to preserve and increase the natural resources of the area, perform sanitary, aesthetic, recreational and other functions, which is of great importance in the conditions of desertification. The biological features of the studied species make them promising for agroforestry areas and soil zones with different precipitation levels. Due to the lack of natural seed bases in the territories occupied by protective forest stands, shrubs form the basis for growing planting material that has the entire set of economically valuable characteristics. Being recommended for use in an arid region, shrub species have good growth, development, well-developed shoots; they retain annual growth and decorative properties, and can be used to preserve the collection of the multifunctional plantings.
IMMUNE SYSTEM OF POIKILOTHERMIC AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, PRONINA G.I. , IVANOV A.A. , MANNAPOV A.G. , SANAYA O.V.
Published: September 2021

The paper shows features of the immune system of poikilothermic aquatic organisms of different taxonomic groups: crustaceans, fish, and amphibians. Defense mechanisms of crustaceans are presented by largely innate non-specific factors: external covers (including the exoskeleton), mucus, physical and chemical barriers lysozyme in the hemolymph, propanolamine system, and phagocytosis. The authors identified 4 types of cells (hemocytes) found in the circulating fluid of crayfish, depending on the morphological and functional properties: agranulocytes, progranulin,granulocytes, and transparent cells. Each type performs different functions in the process of immune defense. In fish, there is no red bone marrow and lymph nodes, the main organs of hematopoiesis include thymus, spleen, liver, lymphoid tissue of the brain and the trunk of the kidneys,accumulation of lymphoid tissue of the cranial box, intestine, and pericardium. Humoral components of the immune response of fish are represented by immunoglobulins, system complement components, lysozyme, C-reactive protein, interferon, lysine, hemolysin, hemagglutinin. Only IgM-like antibodies represent immunoglobulins in fish. The central organ of the amphibian immune system is the red bone marrow, but its role in the immune defense of amphibians has not been sufficiently studied. Peripheral organs of the immune system include kidneys, thymus, spleen, lymphomyeloid organs. Depending on the characteristics of the immune system of poikilothermic hydrobionts of different types, the authors offer methods for assessing their humoralimmunity (by determining phenoloxidase) and cellular response (by phagocytosis). Cellular immunity, and phagocytic activity, in particular, can be evaluated using cytochemical methods taking into account oxygenindependent factors – the content of enzymatic lysosomal cationic protein in phagocytes – and oxygendependent ones – NBT-test with nitrosonium tetrazolium that records cytotoxic oxygen radicals generated during the respiratory explosion of cell stimulation in vitro.
MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF MEZEN HORSE BREED GROWING STOCK AT THE AGE OF WEANING (THE CASE OF TRANS-HUMANCE GRAZING)
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, VDOVINA N.V. , YURYEVA I.B.
Published: September 2021

The Mezen horse breed is a local breed of the Arkhangelsk region and is bred on the territory of the Mezen region. Currently, the population of the Mezen breed is low (the number of females is less than 200 heads). At the same time, the highly adaptive qualities of the Mezen horses and the low-cost technology of their keeping contribute to the development of developing horse breeding in the region, which is one of the ways to increase the livestock population. In this case,the stallions and mares, which most fully meet the breed requirements for a complex of breeding traits, are used for the purpose of reproduction on farms, and the rest of the growing stock can be used to produce inexpensive horse meat, while the production of colt meat being the least expensive. The analysis of the quality of meat productivity of 6-month-old stallions of the Mezen breed was performed for the carcasses on the whole and for six separate parts obtained in the process of cutting each of the carcasses. The largest specific weight in the carcass is the leg cut (37.7 ± 0.49%). It also has the highest muscle tissue content – 71.5 ± 0.25%. The high content of boneless meat is in the humeroscapular and the dorsiventral cuts – 65.7% and 65.9%, accounting for 23.3% and 22.6% of the total carcass weight, respectively. The average content of connective tissue was 4.7 ± 0.44%, bones – 27.2 ± 1.21%. The average meat yield was 67.7 ± 0.15%, or 66.9 ± 3.26 kg. In terms of chemical composition, the growing stock meat at the age of weaning has a high nutritional and biological value. The weight content of protein is 21.2%, moisture – 74.3%, fat – 3.8%. Colt meat has a high ecological purity, which is confirmed by the results of its analysis for the content of heavy metals, the amount of which is significantly below the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) level. In terms of organoleptic properties, boiled colt meat and broth obtained from it were given 7.3 and 7.5 points on a 9-point scale, respectively. The results obtained confirm the possibility of using growing stock Mezen horses at the weaning age for the production of colt meat in the Mezen district of the Arkhangelsk region.
“DREAM HACKERS”. THE RELIABILITY OF LUCID DREAMING
Authors: Safronov Eugeniy V.
Published: September 2021

It is difficult to assess recollection of dreams by reliability of what happened despite the fact that the opposition “reality – dream” is considered a cultural universal. Such a task grows even more complex as one turns to recollection of so called lucid dreams. The article covers different types of messages published on the Dream Hackers forum. That online community is the largest Russian-language platform for publishing such texts. The dream-hackers believe that it is possible to control the dreams, create maps of the dreamed places and objects common for different dreamers and jointly experience dream plots. Among the stories of the forum participants one may find the stories about the so-called “talismans”, or, the specific objects that can be transferred from the dream to the material world, as well as the mentions of the different marks left on the body of a dreamer after waking up, such as scratches, wounds etc. Such beliefs blur the line between the dreaming and the wakefulness and question the credibility of the reality itself. Furthermore, the article analyzes the basic functions of the mapping of “lucid dreams” mapping. The most important of the functions is to increase the “awareness”, in other words, to achieve the key state of consciousness for the dream hackers.
KANDUNGAN PROTEIN DAN KARBOHIDRAT PADA MAKROALGA DI PANTAI SEPANJANG, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Setyorini Heny Budi , Puspitasari Amallia
Published: September 2021

Kandungan protein dan karbohidrat pada makroalga diperlukan untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan makroalga di Pantai Sepanjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan protein dan karbohidrat pada makroalga di Pantai Sepanjang, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus-September 2020 di Pantai Sepanjang, Yogyakarta. Materi penelitian ini meliputi makroalga jenis Ulva lactuta, Palmaria palmata, Sargassum crassifolium, Gelidium spinosum, Gelidiella acerosa, dan Gracilaria verrucosa. Sampel makroalga secara purposive sampling pada zona intertidal Pantai Sepanjang. Analisis kandungan protein menggunakan metode Biuret, sedangkan analisis kandungan karbohidrat menggunakan metode by difference. Hasil menujukkan bahwa kandungan protein dan karbohidrat tertinggi terdapat pada G. spinosum di bagian tengah Pantai Sepanjang masing-masing sebesar 3,08% dan 19,38%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, G. spinosum memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan dalam berbagai produk olahan dengan penelitian lebih lanjut.
Kebutuhan Informasi Di Tengah Wabah Pandemi Covid 19 Sebuah Pendekatan Kepustakaan Di IAIN Bengkulu
Authors: Merdansah Merdansah
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus adalah suatu kelompok virus yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit pada hewan atau manusia. Beberapa jenis coronavirus diketahui menyebabkan infeksi saluran nafas pada manusia mulai dari batuk pilek hingga yang lebih serius seperti Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) dan Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Kebutuhan informasi adalah suatu kebutuhan data yang telah diolah menjadi yang lebih berguna, lebih berarti dan bermanfat bagi yang menggunakannya. Memahami kebutuhan informasi pemakai memerlukan kerjasama antara pengelola informasi dan pemakai informasi. Memastikan kebutuhan informasi pemakai merupakan suatu fenomenaV yang rumit bahkan pemakai informasi sendiri sangat merasa kesulitan dalam mengungkapkan dan mengidentifikasi kebutuhan mereka, apalagi ditengah masa sulit pandemi sekarang ini. Keyword. Informasi, Coronavirus 19, Perpustakaan
HEPATITIS-C GENOTYPE-3A INFECTION;
Authors: - Nizamuddin , Hameed Khan Abdul , Jamil Ayesha , Rahim Fazal , Riaz Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Objectives: In last decade, “treatment of chronic hepatitis-C revolved frominterferon based therapy to most effective interferon free therapy with new direct antiviraldrugs like Sofosbuvir and ribavirin” which is recommended for all genotypes of HCV infection.Treatment response in Chronic Hepatitis-C is affected both by viral and human factors. Weconducted this study “to evaluate the effect of human factor like (IL28B-rs12979860 non-CC)genotyping in response to Sofosbuvir based dual therapy in Hepatitis-C Genotype-3a infection”in population of Khyber PukhtoonKhwa (KPK). Setting: This open labeled, multi-center studywas conducted in Peshawar-Khyber PukhtoonKhwa (KPK). Period: March-2016 to August-2016.Method: Total of 70patients were enrolled. After doing “PCR for HCV-RNA-Viral level, Viral-Genotyping and Human genotyping for IL-28B, patients were put on Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for24-weeks”. Patients were assigned into two groups (1:1), “having 35 in each, including group-Aas those having favorable CC (IL28B- rs12979860-CC) genotyping and group-B as thosehaving unfavorable non-CC (IL28B-rs12979860-non-CC) genotyping”. The primary end pointwas “Sustained Virological response12 (SVR12), which is HCV-RNA level<40IU/ml at 12-weeksafter completion of therapy in these two groups”. Results: Among 70-patients, male-femaleratio was 57.15% (n=40) and 42.85% (n=30) respectively. Each group has 35-cases. Rate ofSVR12 was 88.57% (n=31/35) in group-A, 91.42% (n=32/35) in group-B, having P-value<05.Conclusion: This study confirm that “unlike interferon, unfavorable non-CC (IL28B-rs12979860-non-CC) genotyping have no or minimal role in treatment response to Sofosbuvir in Hepatitis-Cgenotype-3a infections”.
ANEMIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN;
Authors: Jahan Tanvir , - M. Ishaq , Siddiq Arif
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To detect the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Multan inorder to decrease the maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality associated with this condition.Study designs: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted among pregnant womenattending Ibn-e-Siena Hospital. A total no. of 405 women were enrolled in this study. Studysetting: Study was conducted at Ibn-e-Siena Hospital Multan, Gynae department. It’s a teachinghospital draining Multan district and surrounding areas. Period: 1 year from May 2013 to June2014. Material Methods: All the pregnant ladies coming to Ibn-e-Siena Hospital in Obstetricsoutpatient department or through emergency and full filling the inclusion criteria were includedin this study. Hemoglobin %age estimation was performed at the time of admission and theladies were included in study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total no. of405 pregnant women were included study. Among them 71.35% were found to be anemic and28.65% were non anemic. Conclusion: Anemia is highly prevalent among pregnant ladies inMultan Region. Prompt measures should be taken at local and higher levels to prevent and treatthis problem in order to reduce its associated morbidity and mortality.
SCHIZOPHRENIA AND EPILEPSY;
Authors: Anjum Wahida
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Persistently dealing with chronic mental illness makes the caregiverssuffer from burden and mental health problems which are intensified if the caregiver is female.Therefore, there is need to improve the mental health of caregivers by using relaxation trainingin such a way that would reduce the burden of care in caregivers. Objectives: It is assumedthat female caregivers would be differing significantly in mental health problems as comparedto man. Relaxation training would improve mental health as compared to controlling the actualcondition. High burden would have inverse relationship with GHQ’s differential scores. Therewould be significant interaction between gender and burden, gender and training, burden andtraining, gender, burden and training. Study Design: A 2(Gender) X 2(Burden) X 2(Training)mixed factorial between subject design was used. Setting & Period: This study was conductedwithin 6 months of duration at the department of Psychiatry, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore.Material & methods: Purposive Sample technique was used. Sample consisted of 40 womenand 40 men out door patient’s caregivers of schizophrenia and epilepsy at Sir Ganga RamHospital, Lahore. Their age ranged from 20 to 60 years (M = 35.05, SD = 0.89). We assessedcaregiver’s burden by using Urdu version of Burden of Assessment (BAS) along with BAS, wealso recorded demographic information about the caregivers and assessed patients whomthey served on ICD-10 and clinical diagnoses for schizophrenia and epilepsy. Inherent to thestudy was a General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) which measured health of all caregivers fromdifferent dimensions. It included somatic, anxiety & insomnia, social dysfunction, depressionand psychological health of all caregivers. Compliant with a number of researchers, we designa training program to alleviate caregivers burden of health coping strategies, safeguard fromunfounded options about the patients and the disease and maximize the efficiency in dealingwith the patient and his/her disease. Results: Results found significant main effects on genderas women suffered from high burden and mental health problems as compared to men. Asame significant main effect was also found for burden which increased health-related issues.Another significant main effect was found on training. The experimental group whom researcherprovided relaxation training was significantly low on GHQ differential score as compared tocontrolled condition. Since we divided caregivers into high and low burden groups we foundthat general health of high burden group are more porn to degradation than low burden group.However, low health indicated on GHQ subscales is improved after training for both highand low burden group. Conclusions: We concluded that caregivers need to get substantialunderstanding of the patients disease and they need to get first-hand knowledge and trainingof what they are getting into when they are looking after diseased patients.
RIGID ESOPHAGOSCOPY;
Authors: Yazdani Khan Mahboob , Ashfaq Ahmed Hasan , Ahmed Saeed , Bashir Faisal
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To evaluate the various aspects of rigid esophagoscopy done inthe ENT unit of Benazir Bhutto Hospital. Study Design: It was an observational study. Placeand duration: ENT and Head and neck surgery unit Benazir Bhutto Hospital (EX-RawalpindiGeneral Hospital) Rawalpindi from Oct 2011 to Oct 2012. Patients and Methodology: Thisprospective study included all the rigid endoscopies done in a year time. Results: A total of70 patients were included. Male to female ratio was 56:57. The age range was from 2 yearsto 85 years.40 patients(54.29%) of the total underwent esophagoscopy due to foreign bodyingestion. 21 patients were children and 17 adults(70%). All the 21 children (100%) underwentrigid esophagoscopy because of foreign body ingestion. Conclusion: Foreign body esophagusis the most common indication of rigid esophagoscopy.
DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS;
Authors: Ali Shaikh Imran , Masood Naila , Aijaz Shaikh Fouzia , A Shaikh Munir
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To know the correlation of foot ulcers to the nutritional status oftype 2 Diabetic patients of Hyderabad. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place of Study:Private clinics of consultants of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Duration of study: February 2015to June 2016. Methodology: 387 diabetic type 2 patients were selected from different clinicsof physicians, orthopedics and diabetic consultants of sadder Hyderabad Sindh Pakistan. Themean age was 40±11.5 years. All patients were enrolled on prescribed proforma. Thoroughclinical examination was done. Wagner’s classification was used to categorize diabetic footulcers. Nutritional status was classified on Mini Nutritional Assessment score and patients weredivided into three groups according to Mini nutritional score. Blood samples were obtained forHemoglobin%, blood sugar, serum calcium and serum albumin estimation. All patients wereassessed radiologically by x-rays of involved foot. ANOVA test was used and p value <0.05was considered statically significant. Results: There was linear correlation in between Mininutritional assessment and severity of diabetic foot ulcer (p <0.03). Biochemical parameterwere also significantly associated with the severity of ulcers. Serum albumin was decreasedin grade 4 ulcer significantly (p value <0.04), while hemoglobin was also decreased in grade4 ulcer, p value (<0.05). There was no association of serum calcium to severity of foot ulcer,(p value >0.07). Conclusion: Diabetic foot ulcers are common in type 2 diabetic patients andnutritional status is strongly associated with grade of severity. It is important to assess nutritionalstatus of all diabetic patients.
The functions of pauses in penginyongan daily conversation
Authors: Hadiati Chusni
Published: September 2021

The role of language in daily communication is undoubtedly important because language as a means of communication convey message from speaker to hearer. In the process of transferring message, particularly in oral communication, speaker and hearer may undergo some hesitation and silence cannot be avoided. Silence becomes one specific feature in oral communication. Pause and other phenomenon of spontaneous speech are commonly  connected to changes in speakers’ responsiveness in a stable interpersonal situation. Daily conversation is a social praxis that encompasses human life and it is usually conducted in local or indegenous language. Pauses are widely found in this type of exchange and thus the importance of pause in oral talk is worth-analyzing. This paper tries to find out the functions of pauses in Penginyongan daily conversation. Penginyongan is a variant of Javanese language spoken along Serayu River. This research was conducted by using empirical data which were collected by using recording and in-depth interview. Participants of the research were native speaker without considering their sexes. Pauses in Penginyongan daily conversation are used for keeping a secret, refusal, acceptance, end a conversation, and changing topic. A further research needs to develop to gain the insight of pause phenomenon in Penginyongan related to participants’ sexes.
Analysis of ‘Magic Finger Piano’ Method Books for Beginners Based on Elliott s Praxial Philosophy of Music Education
Authors:   The Korean Society of Music Education Technology, Bae Su-Young
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the ‘Magic Finger Piano’ method books based on Elliott s praxial philosophy of music education. For this purpose, 16 books of ‘Magic Finger Piano’ method series were selected. In order to find out the extent to which Elliott s praxial philosophy of music education was reflected in the method books, first, the requisites for piano method books based on praxial philosophy of music education were analyzed. Music education in a cultural context, learning musical knowledges through musicing, and developing critical musical thinking are the requisites emphasized in praxial philosophy of music education.

As a result of analyzing the method books according to the requisites emphasized in praxial philosophy of music education, ‘Magic Finger Piano’ method books clearly reflect Elliott s praxial philosophy of music education, in that it contains songs that Korean students can develop musicality in Korean social and cultural context; formal music knowledge such as score reading, meter, rhythm, form, and phrasing and informal music knowledge such as technique were designed to be developed through musicing; and learning activities such as improvisation and use of recorded accompaniments for ensemble which enables the development of critical musical thinking were presented. In conclusion, the ‘Magic Finger Piano’ method books clearly reflect Elliott s praxial philosophy of music education.
Ways to cultivate intercultural competency of prospective teachers through music-centered culturally responsive teaching
Authors:   The Korean Society of Music Education Technology, Chung Jin-Won
Published: September 2021

The modern society, which is rapidly diversifying, is causing many social problems by breaking the boundaries between countries and cultures and bringing social diversity. This problem is manifested in various aspects, especially in school education. Therefore, this study is a music-centered culturally responsive teaching in order to understand culturally responsive pedagogy, which responds seriously and sensitively to various cultures, and uses it as a driving force for communication, as an important responsibility of school education, and to increase the ability of pre-service teachers to handle it. It was intended to present a plan to cultivate intercultural Competency. In the study, the concept and method of unfamiliar culturally responsive teaching in music education in Korea have been summarized through research by scholars who insist on culturally responsive pedagogy in the past, and the conditions of teachers for culturally responsive teaching have been explored. Also, in order to develop intercultural Competency, which is a condition required for teachers to perform culturally responsive teaching, we proposed a method for the content of intercultural Competency that can be applied in pre-teacher education based on music. Through this study, it is hoped that the development of multi cultural-based music teaching methods will be promoted, and that the prospective teacher s ability to practice culturally responsive pedagogy through music will be enhanced.
The Effect of Development and Application Music Programs Using Arts PROPEL on Musical Interest, Self-Efficacy, and Music Cognition of Middle school students
Authors:   The Korean Society of Music Education Technology, Park Hyun-jin
Published: September 2021

The purpose of study is the effectiveness of music program applied with Arts PROPEL by developing and carrying out it in music curriculum in secondary education in national level, in order to pursue music education appropriate to this era. A mixed method was chosen for this purpose, and quantitative and qualitative research analysis was comprehensively interpreted to draw conclusions as follows. First, Arts PROPEL consisting of various musical activities in the areas of singing, playing instrument, listening, and creating music for 3rd graders in middle school considering the curriculum in national level was developed through the processes of domain projects focusing on production, perception, and reflection. Second, it was verified that Arts PROPEL music program had significant differences between the experiment group and the control group for improving self-efficacy and music cognition ability. Third, as a result of the analysis of the participatory observing note, interview materials, and process-folio based on the evaluation criteria and rubric, the students improved their participation in music learning and increased their interest in music as they communicated among the members and planned how to study. Through this study, it was confirmed that there would be positive possibilities of Arts PROPEL in regular music curriculum in Korea, and that there were differences of developing talents of students depending on learning methods. It is expected that the study will be effective method for students musical development, and furthermore, it is hoped that long-term and practical studies will continue.