bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decolonising the Curriculum of Architectural Education in Nigeria: A Case of Negotiated Pedagogy
Authors: Okofu Nkemakonam P. , Fakere Alexander Adeyemi
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study is to evaluate the extent to which negotiated pedagogy as a decolonised pedagogy that calls for more social forms of learning is capable of enabling students to acquire skills for future practice in Nigeria. The curriculum of architectural education in Nigeria has been predicated on the British and American pedagogic learning models. These models do not reflect the diverse cultural practices and rarely enable students to acquire and develop capabilities to self-initiate projects and create jobs without waiting for commissions. The study utilised critical review of existing literature to expose the weaknesses of the current studio models in enabling students and future architects to acquire skills for future practice. The paper employed interview and case study to examine how negotiated pedagogies at the margins are opening up new ways of engaging in practice. The findings reveal that negotiated pedagogy challenges the orthodoxy of existing studio models by empowering today’s graduating architecture students to develop a critical voice to question how their learning is equipping them for practice. By negotiating and integrating multiple approaches to learning and producing architecture, the line between education and practice, architects and users, educators and students and real and imagined is redrawn.
An Experiential Learning Experience: Elementary Teacher Candidates’ Perceptions of Mentoring a 5th Grade Social Studies Exhibition
Authors: McCarthy Deborah
Published: September 2022

Accompanying a senior methods course, 19 teacher candidates at Southeastern Louisiana University participated in a semester-long social studies fifth grade mentorship at an International Baccalaureate World School. Teacher candidates identified factors they perceived to affect the success of the experiential learning experience through reflections, discussions and questionnaires. Some factors identified were student accomplishment and communication. The impact on attitudes toward teaching social studies was also explored. Nine teacher candidates’ feelings remained unchanged because of the experience, eight were positive; two were negative. This study informs teacher educators who include or intend to include experiential learning in their courses.
Western populism and liberal order: a reflection on ‘structural liberalism’ and the resilience of Western liberal order
Authors: Chandam Johnson Singh
Published: September 2022

The rise of populism in Western democracies creates presumed threats on liberal international order. Although a number of scholarly works are dedicated to the populist challenge on liberal democracy, the analysis of populism’s implications on the liberal order is limited. This paper deliberates on a concise review of the consequences of populism on the Western liberal order. In order to delineate the study, the article is devoted to the Western populism and its implications on liberal order. The paper, while analyzing the components of liberal international order by drawing on the analytical framework of structural liberalism, intends to claim that populism has adverse consequences on certain elements of the order than others. However, the implication is not an inflection point for the Western liberal order. Furthermore, this paper also provides some explanations behind the limitations of the populist threats to the Western liberal order. The main argument to highlight is that populism is detrimental more to liberal democracy than to the liberal order itself, and the Western liberal order has the capacity to withstand the tide of populism.
Promote or Deter: How Organizations Influence Public Service Motivation
Authors: Klatt Tyler , Fairholm Matthew
Published: September 2022

How an employee perceives their organization has an important influence on their feelings of public service motivation. The public service motivation literature has largely focused on the ways in which public service motivation influences outcomes related to organizational performance and public service outcomes. This research flips the causal arrow, examining how the way employees perceive their organization influences their feelings of public service motivation. Municipal employees in Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota were surveyed to explore the relationship between perceived organizational traits and public service motivation. Using four linear regression models, we find evidence that organizations perceived as having human resource traits and symbolic traits each promoted the public service motivation of employees. The results also indicate that there may be a positive relationship between structural traits and a negative relationship between political traits and public service motivation.
Violence and Disposability at the Intersection of Twin Pandemics
Authors: Howard Ashley M.
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 and anti-Black violence represent interlocking pandemics animated by necropolitics, the power to determine who lives and who dies. By expanding our understanding of violence to include its structural and cultural forms alongside direct bodily harm, we must also expand our commitment to end violence. Labor educators, organizers, and workers are uniquely positioned to articulate this more expansive definition and advocate for the eradication of violence in all its forms.
Poor venous outflow profiles increase the risk of reperfusion hemorrhage after endovascular treatment
Authors: Winkelmeier Laurens , Heit Jeremy J , Adusumilli Gautam , Geest Vincent , Guenego Adrien , Broocks Gabriel , Prüter Julia , Gloyer Nils-Ole , Meyer Lukas , Kniep Helge , Lansberg Maarten G , Albers Gregory W , Wintermark Max , Fiehler Jens , Faizy Tobias D
Published: September 2022

To investigate whether unfavorable cerebral venous outflow (VO) predicts reperfusion hemorrhage after endovascular treatment (EVT), we conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with acute ischemic stroke and large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). 629 AIS-LVO patients met inclusion criteria. VO profiles were assessed on admission CT angiography using the Cortical Vein Opacification Score (COVES). Unfavorable VO was defined as COVES ≤ 2. Reperfusion hemorrhages on follow-up imaging were subdivided into no hemorrhage (noRH), hemorrhagic infarction (HI) and parenchymal hematoma (PH). Patients with PH and HI less frequently achieved good clinical outcomes defined as 90-day modified Rankin Scale scores of ≤ 2 (PH: 13.6% vs. HI: 24.6% vs. noRH: 44.1%; p < 0.001). The occurrence of HI and PH on follow-up imaging was more likely in patients with unfavorable compared to patients with favorable VO (HI: 25.1% vs. 17.4%, p = 0.023; PH: 18.3% vs. 8.5%; p = <0.001). In multivariable regression analyses, unfavorable VO increased the likelihood of PH (aOR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.03–3.37, p = 0.044) and HI (aOR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.25–3.43, p = 0.005), independent of age, sex, admission National Institutes Health Stroke Scale scores and arterial collateral status. We conclude that unfavorable VO was associated with the occurrence of HI and PH, both related to worse clinical outcomes.
Who is More Likely (Not) to Make Home-Based Work Trips During the COVID-19 Pandemic? The Case of Scotland
Authors: Semple Torran , Fountas Grigorios , Fonzone Achille
Published: September 2022

In this study, we used survey data ( n = 6,000) to investigate the work trip patterns of Scottish residents at various points of the COVID-19 pandemic. We focused specifically on the reported patterns of weekly work trips made during the government-enforced lockdown and subsequent phases of restriction easing. This was of particular importance given the widespread changes in work trips prompted by COVID-19, including a significant rise in telecommuting and a reduction in public transport commuting trips. The survey data showed that the vast majority of respondents (∼85%) made no work trips during lockdown, dropping to ∼77% following the easing of some work-related restrictions. Zero-inflated hierarchical ordered probit models were estimated to determine the sociodemographic and behavioral factors affecting the frequency of work trips made during three distinct periods. The model estimation results showed that the socioeconomic characteristics of respondents influenced work trips made throughout the pandemic. In particular, respondents in households whose main income earner was employed in a managerial/professional occupation were significantly more likely to make no work trips at all stages of the pandemic. Those with a health problem or disability were also significantly more likely to make no work trips throughout the pandemic. Other interesting findings concern respondents’ gender, as males were more likely to complete frequent work trips than females throughout the pandemic, and differences between densely populated areas and the rest of Scotland, as respondents from a large city (Edinburgh or Glasgow) were significantly more likely to make frequent work trips as restrictions were eased.
How Silence Became “Outdated”: Secrecy, Anonymity and Artificial Insemination by Donor in Belgium, 1950s-1990s
Authors: Claes Tinne
Published: September 2022

This article for the first time places the issues of secrecy and anonymity in donor conception in historical perspective. It relates the gradual move away from secrecy to the growing importance attached to honesty and transparency in the 1970s, during the ‘sexual revolution’. Debates surrounding secrecy received new impetus in the 1980s, when single and lesbian mothers gained access to AID, who told their children the truth because there were no men in their life to assume the paternal role. Yet the issue of anonymity only became questioned under the influence of child development studies relating to adoption and identity.
Co-hydrothermal carbonization of oil shale and rice husk: Combustion, pyrolysis characteristics, and synergistic effect
Authors: Liu Yaoxin , Wang Enyu , Kan Ze , Liu Baotong , Bai Ling , Wang Qiang , Zhang Xiaohui
Published: September 2022

Countries all over the world are looking for fuel to replace fossil energy due to environmental concerns and a scarcity of fossil fuels. Oil shale (OS) and rice husk (RH) are both viable fuels, although they both have issues like high ash content and poor calorific value. OS and RH were used as feedstock for high-quality fuel in this study, which uses a hydrothermal technique to provide a novel way to utilize OS and rice. At different hydrothermal temperatures (150, 200 and 250 °C), including combustion and pyrolysis processes, the thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) was used to analyse thermal transformation characteristics of co-hydrothermal carbonization (co-HTC) of OS and RH, as well as the synergistic effects. Results showed that the co-HTC pretreatment had a significant effect on the thermal transformation behaviour of OS and RH. On the one hand, the co-HTC has higher volatile content than its calculated value. On the other hand, a synergistic effect was found in combustion processes, and this effect was the most obvious when the hydrothermal temperature was around 200 °C, and the characteristic peak of functional groups vibration was strong. Therefore, the co-HTC was considered suitable for combustion. The combination of co-HTC modification with subsequent thermochemical processes has positive implications for the energy production and utilization of organic waste.
Methodology to analyse the dynamic conditions of real driving emission test and CO2 emission factors: speed binning averaged emission method
Authors: Aydin Muhammet , Soruşbay Cem , Arslan Hikmet
Published: September 2022

Regulations limiting the exhaust gas emissions since the EURO I emission standards, which was put into effect in 1992, have entered a new period since 2017 and require Real Driving Emission (RDE) tests as well as laboratory tests. Laboratory tests are carried out to determine basically fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, and are aimed to determine other driving emission factors by RDE test. However, the route created to perform RDE test must meet certain boundary conditions and remain within certain limits in terms of its dynamic behaviour. According to Moving Average Window (MAW) method, these limits are determined with ±25% tolerances of CO2 emission factors obtained from the WLTC test. However, since the MAW method ignores idling conditions (vehicle speed lower than 1 km/h) and uses linear equations for the CO2 characteristic curve, it can lead to misinterpretation of RDE dynamic conditions. Therefore, in this study, a new methodology has been introduced in order to overcome these deficiencies. Two different RDE test samples were collected using Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) and trip dynamic conditions were examined using both MAW method suggested by the regulations and Speed Binning Averaged Emission (SBAE) method, the methodology introduced in this study. Completeness and normality values of each method are calculated to determine the conformity of the test route. As a result, while the tests are assumed complete and normal according to SBAE method, only the first test is normal, although both tests are considered complete, by means of MAW method.
Turbofan engine performance prediction methodology integrated high-fidelity secondary air system models
Authors: Yang Xuesen , Jian Menghua , Dong Wei , Xu Qiannan
Published: September 2022

This research studies the performance of an ultra-high bypass ratio turbofan engine, and specifically its secondary air system (SAS). A co-simulation methodology is explored whereby a high-fidelity SAS model and an engine performance code featuring flexible modules can be coupled and interactively executed. The percentage of bleed flows and boundary conditions for the SAS are updated at each iteration step. For this purpose, a SAS model including different elements is developed. Furthermore, a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver is adopted to capture the complex flow field in the pre-swirl system. The credibility of cycle calculation and SAS elements is validated by comparing with publicly available data. Subsequently, an elaborately designed SAS is modeled and co-simulated with the AGTF30 engine using a flow network simulation method. The coupling effect between the engine performance and the SAS is studied for eight different flight conditions. The correlation and prediction of engine performance due to seal clearance change is presented. The co-simulation approach clarifies the mutual interactions between the engine overall parameters and the SAS. The results reveal that the enhanced flow network model can improve the simulation accuracy of engine performance over a wide range of operating conditions.
Addressing Treatment Outcomes and Substance Use Among Formerly Incarcerated Individuals Living with HIV
Authors: Rowell-Cunsolo Tawandra , Britton Amber , Blanford Courtney , Yilin Diandian
Published: September 2022

Incarcerated individuals, who are overrepresented among those infected with HIV, experience multiple barriers to optimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence after incarceration. Substance use is highly prevalent among legal system-involved individuals and is commonly associated with suboptimal medication adherence. This manuscript describes the development and pilot test results of two interventions designed to improve ART adherence among formerly incarcerated individuals living with HIV (PLWH). Thirty participants were randomized and completed a multi-session ART adherence and risk reduction intervention or a brief ART adherence intervention. Participants were interviewed at baseline, 1-month, and 3-month follow-up. While past 30-day ART adherence improved in both groups, participants in the brief intervention group took a higher proportion of their ART medication. Multi-session intervention group participants experienced greater reductions in substance use and problematic experiences associated with drug use. ART medication adherence interventions can potentially improve treatment outcomes among PLWH who experience incarceration.
Effects of the COVID 19 Pandemic on School Nurses’ Resiliency and Ability to Cope: A Mixed Methods Study in the State of Hawaii
Authors: Hale Frankie B. , Mattheus Deborah , Fletcher Betty , Michel Alexandra , Fontenot Holly B.
Published: September 2022

This mixed-method study examined school nurses’ experiences during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic related to role change, psychological feelings, and coping/resiliency in the State of Hawaii. A total of 30 school nurses completed a Brief Resilience Coping Scale plus a series of open-ended questions in January 2022. On the coping scale, over 40% of participants scored high, 52% scored medium, and 7% scored a low resilient/coping level. We did not identify any association between coping level and participant characteristics. Three qualitative themes emerged: 1) school nurses experience chronic negative emotions related to the pandemic, 2) school nurses demonstrate attributes of resilience, and 3) school nurses utilize positive coping techniques. The pandemic created significant stresses and negative emotions among school nurses. Yet, school nurses reported effective coping strategies and demonstrated strength/resilience. Support and open communication between school nurses, their employers, and other school-based stakeholders is needed to provide continued support for school nurses.
Sarcomatoid Spermatocytic Tumour: Report of a Rare Case and Literature Review
Authors: Dias André Fontes , Dvindenko Eugénia , Santos Filipa , Cabrera Rafael
Published: September 2022

Spermatocytic tumour (ST) accounts for 1% of testicular germ cell tumours. It is an indolent neoplasm with good prognosis. In approximately 6% of STs, sarcomatous dedifferentiation may occur, portending an aggressive behaviour and representing a significant diagnostic challenge that can lead to its misdiagnosis. Herein, we report the clinicopathological features of a patient with a sarcomatoid spermatocytic tumor, initially diagnosed as mixed germ cell tumour, who was referred to our institution with lung metastases mainly composed of rhabdomyosarcomatous elements. This case report illustrates the importance of recognizing this entity for adequate management of these patients.
Marketing Agility in Subsidiaries: Market Orientation and Marketing Program Standardization as the “Twin Engines” of Performance
Authors: Özsomer Ayşegül , Simonin Bernard , Mandler Timo
Published: September 2022

Multinational corporations (MNCs) must balance opportunity-seeking initiatives locally with global programs and imperatives. This balancing act between generating and responding to local insights and exploiting standardized marketing programs calls for some form of marketing agility. Under this lens, this study investigates the relationship between market orientation (MO) and marketing program standardization (MPS)—two critical marketing capabilities—and their dual effects on subsidiary performance. The authors compare the cases of Western MNCs’ subsidiaries operating in Japan and Turkey and inquire about the moderating role of a country's economic development (advanced vs. emerging market) and an industry's global competitive interdependence. Analyzing MO at the subcomponent level, they find a positive relationship between responsiveness and MPS in both markets. MPS also functions as a partial mediator between responsiveness and profitability in an advanced market. In an advanced market, both responsiveness and MPS are positively related to profitability and market share. In an emerging market, MPS is negatively related to profitability in support of adapting the marketing program. The results and follow-up discussions with executives from established MNCs support the conceptualization of MO and MPS as reflections of international marketing agility in subsidiaries.
A vehicle-bridge interaction vibration model considering bridge deck pavement
Authors: Ren Jianying , Chen Yuhang , Sun Zhiqi , Zhang Yu
Published: September 2022

The bridge pavement subjected to vehicle loads is the most vulnerable component in the highway bridge and overloaded vehicles can result in serious damage to the bridge pavement more easily. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the pavement in vehicle-bridge interaction (VBI) system. However, the bridge pavement is not considered in the traditional VBI system or the viscoelasticity of bridge pavement is ignored. In this study, a new vehicle-pavement-bridge interaction (VPBI) system is established. The viscoelastic asphalt pavement is simulated with the continuously and uniformly distributed spring-damper. The equivalent stiffness coefficient and equivalent damping coefficient of the pavement are determined through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) test and finite element method. The equations of motion for VPBI system can be derived using Lagrange equation and the modal superposition method. Then the crucial parameters such as displacement at mid-span of bridge, acceleration of vehicle body, tire contact force, and pavement deformation are obtained. The effects of vehicle velocity, bridge span, tire contact area, pavement stiffness coefficient, and pavement damping coefficient on VPBI responses are analyzed. The results show that (1) The pavement is compressive during vehicle passing bridge and its dynamic deformation fluctuates around initially static deformation of pavement. (2) Increasing the stiffness of pavement can rapidly reduce the deformation of pavement, while the pavement damping has the opposite effect. (3) The increase of bridge span can conduct exponentially growth of dynamic responses of VPBI system. The pavement deformation will increase by 7.9% if the bridge span is lengthened by 5 m. This study provides a reliability response analysis method for VPBI system.
Inside a White Power echo chamber: Why fringe digital spaces are polarizing politics
Authors: Törnberg Petter , Törnberg Anton
Published: September 2022

Recent decades have seen a blurring of the line between extremist movements and mainstream politics, driven by rising sectarian polarization. This development has been linked to digital media, with suggestions that so-called echo chambers may drive political radicalization. To understand the social processes taking place inside such digital spaces, this article draws on Randall Collins and the Durkheimian tradition to develop a theory of discursive community formation. Empirically, we analyze 20 years of discussion on the White Power forum Stormfront, employing natural language processing to study discursive evolution as members become socialized into the community. Our findings suggest that digital media provide space for conversational rituals that instill in people a sense of social membership and intersubjectivity, contained in the elaboration of a shared discourse, within which certain beliefs become sacred and unquestionable. This provides a potential social mechanism linking echo chambers to the rise of sectarian polarization.
Destination brand image and destination brand choice in the context of health crisis: Scale development
Authors: Majeed Salman , Zhou Zhimin , Kim Woo Gon
Published: September 2022

Several recent destination crises have brought difficult challenges to the world’s travel, hospitality, and tourism activities. We explore how the brand image of a tourist destination is influenced by health crises, specifically within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted interviews and online data collection in China. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to develop, purify, and verify scale items that measure perceived destination brand image, destination brand self-congruence, destination brand engagement, destination brand love, and perceived risk of destination health crisis. We identified key associations among the constructs of the study. This study offers a tested and validated destination brand image and tourist behavior (DBITB) scale to understand tourist behavior toward destination brands during and after health crises. Important theoretical and practical implications are discussed to inform future research on destination branding.
Structural coloration and ultraviolet protective fabrication on fabrics coated with SiO2/TiO2 multilayer films via a magnetron sputtering method
Authors: Huang Mei-Lin , Wu Ying-Zhu , Lu Sheng-Guo
Published: September 2022

Interference structural colors and excellent ultraviolet (UV) protection performance were prepared by coating SiO2/TiO2 composite multilayer film on polypropylene non-woven fabrics (PP-NW) and polyester woven fabrics (PET-W) via a magnetron sputtering method. The colors on the coated structured film of “substrate/[TiO2/SiO2]k/air” (TSk) and “substrate/[SiO2/TiO2]k/air” (STk) (k=2, 3, 4, 5) was confirmed to be the interference structural colors. The positions and numbers of the strongest reflection peaks of the reflection-reducing type of TSk film and the reflection-enhancing type of STk film were consistent with theoretical calculations. The optical properties obtained from depositing the same STk film on PP-NW and PET-W were different. The reflectivity of the STk film was greater than the TSk film. The STk-coated samples with the PET substrate have a higher reflectivity than samples with the PP substrate because of the higher refractive index of PET. The reflection-enhancing film structure and higher refractive index substrate improved the film reflectivity. This research offered a theoretical basis and practical guidance for structural coloration and functional fabrication on fabric substrates.
Development and characterization of laminated fiber reinforced bio-Composite From nettle and poly lactic acid fiber
Authors: Dabi Gosa Guta , Wakjira Yeshi Tadesse , Feysa Hermela Ejegu , Abebe wondwossen Mamuye
Published: September 2022

Nettle and Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) fibers are the strongest and best fibers with valuable potential as reinforcement in a composite. In this study, the development and characterization of a multi-layered laminated fibre reinforced bio-composite from nettle and PLA fiber were performed. Prior to molding, the nettle fibers were treated with chemicals such as Alkali and silane and the influence of chemical treatment on the property of nettle fibers were investigated. The characteristics of raw and chemically treated nettle fibers were investigated through chemical composition analysis, mechanical properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and water sorption test. Furthermore physical and mechanical properties of the nettle/PLA bio-composite have been analyzed. Twenty (20) samples of treated and untreated nettle fiber and five samples of nettle/PLA fiber reinforcement bio-composites were tested and the results were averaged for comparison with one another. Based on the results obtained, the treated fiber improves tensile strength, has a more uniform and smaller diameter, a clean surface, and has a good appearance compared to untreated fiber. Laminated bio-composites were found to increase initially with the increase of nettle fiber content till 50 weight % and decrease afterwards. Generally, the bio-composite prepared with an equal weight proportion of nettle and poly lactic acid fiber obtained better mechanical properties and tensile strength. Water sorption test results showed that water uptake ability of treated nettle fibers were lower than raw nettle fibers.
A review on developments of in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of hybrid PCL-based natural polymers nanofibers scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering
Authors: Kazemzadeh Gholamhosein , Jirofti Nafiseh , Kazemi Mehrjerdi Hosein , Rajabioun Masoud , Alamdaran Seyed Ali , Mohebbi-Kalhori Davod , Mirbagheri Mahnaz Sadat , Taheri Reza
Published: September 2022

The main objective of the present review article is to investigate the in-vitro and in-vivo biocompatibility behavior of hybrid PCL-based scaffolds with collagen, gelatin, and chitosan to improve endothelialization for VTE applications. It is reported that the high-rate failure of small diameters vascular grafts (SDVGs, <6 mm) due to adhesion of platelets and plasma protein and aggregation, over-proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and neointimal hyperplasia at the implantation site is main challenge in vascular tissue engineering (VTE). The fast re-establishment of a functional endothelial cell (EC) layer representing a crucial importance strategy has been proposed to reduce these adverse outcomes. Polycaprolactone (PCL), with optimum mechanical properties, it showed great potential in biomedical applications, but its biocompatibility is still highly concerned in VTE. Modifications of the PCL vascular grafts by developing the hybrid structures using natural polymers with optimum hydrophilicity and biocompatibility properties in order to speed up the re-endothelialization process have been proposed over the last years. Analyzing the mentioned results in the present study can offer a better understanding of the benefits and challenges of applying the natural polymer as a thrombotic response upon implantation in clinical trials. Also, it can suggest the PCL-Collagen as the best framework for the fabrication of rationally designed SDVGs for VTE.
Hormesis and Epidermal Stem Cells
Authors: Calabrese Edward J. , Calabrese Vittorio
Published: September 2022

This paper provides an assessment of hormetic dose responses in epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) in animal models and humans, with emphasis on cell proliferation and differentiation and application to wound healing and aging processes. Hormetic dose responses were induced by several agents, including dietary supplements (eg, luteolin, quercetin), pharmaceuticals (eg, nitric oxide), endogenous agents (eg, growth/differentiation factor 5), and via diverse chemical means to sustain steaminess features to retard aging and disease onset. While hormetic dose responses have been extensively reported in a broad spectrum of stem cells, this area has only been explored to a limited extent in EpSCs, principally within the past 5 years. Nonetheless, these findings provide the first integrated assessment of hormesis and EpSC biology within the context of enhancing key functions such as cell proliferation and differentiation and resilience to inflammatory stresses. This paper assesses putative mechanisms of hormetic responses in EpSCs and potential therapeutic applications to prevent dermatological injury and disease.
Repeat-induced abortion and associated factors among reproductive-age women seeking abortion services in South Ethiopia
Authors: Geta Girma , Seyoum Kenbon , Gomora Degefa , Kene Chala , Tsegaye Berhan , Tenaw Zelalem
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Despite the advances in modern health care, maternal morbidity and mortality remain major problems in Ethiopia. Repeat-induced abortion is an indispensable contributor to this problem. Even though there are adverse effects on health, a significant proportion of Ethiopian women procure more than one abortion during their reproductive lifetime. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of repeat-induced abortion in South Ethiopia, in 2020.

Methods:

An institution-based cross-sectional study design and a systematic random sampling technique were used to collect data from 410 samples of women. Data were collected using pre-tested and semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. The data were coded and entered into EpiData version 4.6.2.0 before being exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 for analysis. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 in binary logistic regressions were exported into multivariate logistic regression analysis. Finally, variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 in the multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to declare statistical significance.

Result:

The prevalence of repeat-induced abortion was found to be 35.4% (95% confidence interval = 30.7–40). Not facing a complication in prior abortion care, having more than two partners in the last 12 preceding months, perceiving abortion procedure as non-painful, having a sexual debut before the age of 18 years, and consuming alcohol have higher odds of repeat-induced abortion when compared with their counterparts.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of repeat-induced abortion in Hawassa city is high compared to studies conducted in other parts of Ethiopia. Not facing complications during previous abortion care, perceiving the abortion procedure as non-painful, alcohol consumption, having multiple sexual partners, and having a sexual debut before the age of 18 years are found to increase the chance of repeat-induced abortion.
Redundancy allocation optimization for multi-state system with hierarchical performance requirements
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Guodong , Zhou Haofei , Chen Honggen
Published: September 2022

Conventional redundancy allocation optimization model is usually measured by single performance. It meets difficulties in modeling the redundancy allocation optimization of multi-state system (MSS) with hierarchical performance requirements. This study proposes a generalized optimization model for MSS. This model concentrates on the redundancy allocation problem of the MSS with the inter-level dependent performances requirements. In the case of the minimum cost or maximum availability of the system, the aim of this model is to optimize system configuration, such as the economic numbers and versions for the multilevel heterogeneous components with known reliability and cost characteristics. Firstly, two algorithms to evaluate the system availability are introduced. A modified universal generation function (UGF) algorithm combining hierarchical operators is developed to evaluate the accurate availability for the system. Then the recursive algorithm (RA) is also used to obtain the lower and upper bounds of system availability. Secondly, compared with the traditional optimization model for the single level system, the proposed model for the hierarchical system has more decision variables which lead to difficult computation. Therefore, the genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to solve the redundancy allocation, especially the optimal numbers and versions of the different-level components simultaneously. Finally, a realistic power system verifies the correctness and validity of the suggested model. In conclusion, the results show that the above model tends to be more flexible and effective in the redundancy allocation optimization. Furthermore, this model helps the engineer in the reliability design optimization for the complex systems.
Apprehending Value, Position-Taking and the Manifest Image of Emotion: Responses to Commentators
Authors: Müller Jean Moritz
Published: September 2022

This article clarifies and defends my view of emotional feeling in response to the commentaries by Ronnie de Sousa, Rick Furtak, Agnes Moors, Kevin Mulligan, Rainer Reisenzein and Philipp Schmidt. The issues addressed concern my critique of the axiological receptivity view, my proposed alternative, i.e. the position-taking view, as well as my methodological commitments.
Clinical and radiological outcome of all-suture anchors in shoulder and elbow surgery
Authors: Ideler Nick , De Mesel Annelien , Vercruysse Loïc , Declercq Geert , van Riet Roger , Verborgt Olivier
Published: September 2022

Background

All-suture anchors (ASAs) are noted to cause various bone reactions when used in upper limb surgery but clinical implications are unknown.

Methods

88 shoulders and 151 elbows with a mean follow-up of 47.1 ± 17.7 months were invited for follow-up including clinical examination, questionnaires and radiographs. The anchor drill holes were radiographically assessed.

Results

At final follow up, mean DASH was 12.9 ± 13.8 and mean VAS 2.2 ± 2.4 in the shoulder population. In the elbow group mean MEPS was 91.8 ± 12.7 and mean VAS 1.5 ± 1.9. Implant-specific complications were seen in 10 elbow cases but none in the shoulder group. The mean diameter of the 1.4 mm all-suture anchor drill hole was enlarged to 2.5 ± 1.4 mm in the shoulder group and to 2.9 ± 1.0 mm in the elbow group. 50% of the 1.4 mm anchor drill holes showed abnormal morphology but these morphologic changes did not correlate with clinical outcome, complications or reoperation rate.

Discussion

Satisfying clinical outcomes are found in upper limb surgery using ASAs. Various bone changes are seen after implantation of an ASA, but these are not clinically relevant. Long-term consecutive follow-up data is required.
Islamic Fundamentalism and Gender: The Portrayal of Women in Iranian Movies
Authors: Aqababaee Ehsan , Razaghi Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Various political groups were involved in the 1979 Islamic Revolution of Iran, which led to the downfall of the Pahlavi regime. However, Islamic Fundamentalists gradually seized power and eliminated rival ideologies in the 1980s. In the late 1990s, Iranian Reformers won the elections and oversaw the management of the film industry for two four-year administrations until 2005. As liberals and religious democrats, the Reformers supported a modern portrayal of Iranian women in movies. The findings of this research challenge the previous studies that voiced optimism about the new individualistic portrayal of women in Iranian movies. The research methodology is based on Theresa de Lauretis's technologies of gender involving a narrative analysis of sixty-eight Iranian movies produced from 2001 to 2005. Given the political defeat of the Reformers in 2005, the main research question is to what extent has the portrayal of Iranian women gone beyond (or remained under) the ideological domination of Islamic Fundamentalism.
Black Lives Matter, Protest Policing, and Voter Support for Police Reform in Portland, Oregon
Authors: Novick Rachel , Pickett Justin T.
Published: September 2022

Following George Floyd's killing in May 2020, Black Lives Matter (BLM) protesters called for police reform in the largest and most diverse protests in U.S. history. The police frequently responded to BLM protesters with force, raising the question of how protest policing may impact public attitudes toward the police. We examined this issue using data from a survey of voters in Portland, Oregon, which was conducted before the November 2020 election, when police reform was on the local ballot. We tested an extended version of the process-based model, contextualized in light of the dialogic model of legitimacy and scholarship on collective action frames. We found that 1) the perception that police have responded inappropriately to protesters is associated with voters’ support for police reform, even controlling for attitudes toward BLM, and 2) this association is indirect through the resonance of pro- versus anti-reform frames. Findings suggest that inappropriate protest policing may be the straw that breaks the camel's back, increasing the resonance of pro-reform frames, reducing the resonance of anti-reform frames, and motivating voters to vote for reform.
Rebuilding Without Papers: Disaster Migration and the Local Reception of Immigrants After Hurricane Katrina
Authors: Brown Hana E. , Wei Zhongze , Lazaran Michelle , Cates Christopher , Jones Jennifer A.
Published: September 2022

After Hurricane Katrina decimated the Gulf Coast in 2005, thousands of Latinx immigrants arrived in the region to work in reconstruction, one case of the growing and global phenomenon of disaster migration. Drawing on newspaper content analysis, in-depth interviews with immigrant service providers, and archival materials from Mississippi for the years surrounding Hurricane Katrina (2003-2009), we ask what reception these disaster migrants encountered upon arrival and how that reception changed as they settled permanently in the state. We find that public discourse about immigrants became markedly more positive when disaster migrants arrived en masse, with the media and public characterizing immigrants as valuable, hard workers. Negative characterizations shifted to portray immigrants as drains on public resources. However, these changes were temporary. By 2009, public debate about immigrants reverted to pre-disaster trends with only one exception. Across our study period, we find a steady rise in claims that immigrants faced racism and discrimination. Our findings suggest that disasters may briefly transform the social and cultural bases of material inequalities but are unlikely to produce lasting change.
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Symptomatic Dry Eye in Nurses in Palestine During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Allayed Riyad , Ayed Ahmad , Fashafsheh Imad
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Working in closed wards at hospitals during night-time shifts and using electronic health records may raise the risk of dry eye disease in nurses.

Objective

The purpose of the current study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of dry eye disease among hospital nurses in the North West Bank, Palestine.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study. The study included 300 nurses who work at hospitals in the North West Bank, Palestine. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire on dry eye disease was used to estimate the prevalence of symptomatic dry eye disease.

Results

The percentage of dry eye disease prevalence among study participants was 62% with an OSDI score of >13 (mild to moderate and severe OSDI status). Nurses who wore contact lenses worked during the night-time, and worked in the intensive care unit were more likely to report significantly higher OSDI scores ( p < .05). Moreover, gender, smoking, and computer use were not statistically associated with dry eye disease ( p > .05).

Conclusion

Symptomatic dry eye disease is one of the most common ocular diseases among hospital nurses in Palestine.
The connection between work attitudes and Chinese correctional staff burnout
Authors: Liu Jianhong , Lambert Eric G , Jiang Shanhe , Zhang Jinwu
Published: September 2022

Officers are a valuable resource for prisons across the globe. Working in corrections is a demanding job with a higher-than-average risk of job burnout. Most prison burnout studies have focused on staff working in Western prisons, particularly those in the U.S. These studies have generally found an association between work attitudes and burnout among prison officers. However, a key question is whether the associations are universal or contextual, varying by nation . The current study examined the link between the major work attitudes of job involvement, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment and the burnout dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and feeling ineffective at work among staff at two Chinese prisons. According to the results of ordinary least squares multivariate regression tests, job involvement, and job satisfaction had significant negative effects on emotional exhaustion, but commitment did not. Only job involvement had significant negative effects on depersonalization. Job involvement and organizational commitment had significant negative effects on feeling ineffective, while job satisfaction had nonsignificant effects. The results indicate that the major work attitudes are negatively linked to job burnout for the studied Chinese prison staff; efforts should be undertaken to build these work attitudes to reduce burnout since burnout is linked to negative consequences for officers, inmates, and the prison. Based on previous research and current findings, some of the effects of work attitudes appear to be universal, and others appear to be contextual.
Slow scholarship, the slow city, and counter-visual practices
Authors: DeVerteuil Geoffrey
Published: September 2022

Slow scholarship offers an alternative way to do research, yet its implications for visual practice and production remain implicit. In this article, I translate and apply key notions of slow scholarship to visual practice and production, in particular that slower can be a better and more care-full way of doing research. This gap is filled by re-purposing existing methods (time-series, inconvenience sampling, replicable) to capture what I deem the “slow city,” that is the everyday fabrics of urban areas that tend to be ignored and vulnerable to slow violence. My own counter-visualization applies these insights through three case studies, which map onto longitudinal methods (slow violence, care-full research) and translocal, replicable methods (the untagged city).
Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Bupleurum chinense DC
Authors: Qiao Yonggang , Zhang Xinrui , Li Zheng , Song Yun , Sun Zhe
Published: September 2022

Background

Bupleurum chinense(B. chinense) is a plant that is widely distributed globally and has strong pharmacological effects. Though the chloroplast(cp) genome of B. chinense has been studied, no reports regarding the mitochondrial(mt) genome of B. chinense have been published yet.

Results

The mt genome of B.chinense was assembled and functionally annotated. The circular mt genome of B. chinense was 435,023 bp in length, and 78 genes, including 39 protein-coding genes, 35 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes, were annotated. Repeat sequences were analyzed and sites at which RNA editing would occur were predicted. Gene migration was observed to occur between the mt and cp genomes of B. chinense via the detection of homologous gene fragments. In addition, the sizes of plant mt genomes and their GC content were analyzed and compared. The sizes of mt genomes of plants varied greatly, but their GC content was conserved to a greater extent during evolution. Ka/Ks analysis was based on code substitutions, and the results showed that most of the coding genes were negatively selected. This indicates that mt genes were conserved during evolution.

Conclusion

In this study, we assembled and annotated the mt genome of the medicinal plant B. chinense. Our findings provide extensive information regarding the mt genome of B. chinense, and help lay the foundation for future studies on the genetic variations, phylogeny, and breeding of B. chinense via an analysis of the mt genome.
Genome wide association analysis for yield related traits in maize
Authors: Zeng Tingru , Meng Zhaodong , Yue Runqing , Lu Shouping , Li Wenlan , Li Wencai , Meng Hong , Sun Qi
Published: September 2022

Background

Understanding the genetic basis of yield related traits contributes to the improvement of grain yield in maize.

Results

Using 291 excellent maize inbred lines as materials, six yield related traits of maize, including grain yield per plant (GYP), grain length (GL), grain width (GW), kernel number per row (KNR), 100 kernel weight (HKW) and tassel branch number (TBN) were investigated in Jinan, in 2017, 2018 and 2019. The average values of three environments were taken as the phenotypic data of yield related traits, and they were statistically analyzed. Based on 38,683 high-quality SNP markers in the whole genome of the association panel, the MLM with PCA model was used for genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) to obtain 59 significantly associated SNP sites. Moreover, 59 significantly associated SNPs (P < 0.0001) referring to GYP, GL, GW, KNR, HKW and TBN, of which 14 SNPs located in yield related QTLs/QTNs previously reported. A total of 66 candidate genes were identified based on the 59 significantly associated SNPs, of which 58 had functional annotation.

Conclusions

Using genome-wide association analysis strategy to identify genetic loci related to maize yield, a total of 59 significantly associated SNP were detected. Those results aid in our understanding of the genetic architecture of maize yield and provide useful SNPs for genetic improvement of maize.