bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Popular Criminology, Sexual Violence and Alternative Modes of Justice
Authors: Wattis Louise
Published: July 2024

The idea of ‘popular criminology’ has gained currency within academic criminology, with criminologists recognising that popular cultural portrayals of crime, violence and justice offer alternatives discourses which enhance the criminological imagination beyond the limits of academic criminology, offering more complex understandings of crime and violence and reimagining the nature of justice (Brown and Rafter, 2012; Rafter, 2007; Wakeman, 2013; Wattis, 2018, 2022). This article will consider cultural representations of sexual violence as progressive portrayals which reveal the harms of sexual violence, disrupt stereotypical rape narratives and highlight the victim experience (Powell et al., 2015; McGlynn and Westmarland, 2019).
There is now a growing activist and academic movement calling for a reimagining of justice beyond formal redress. This is in part a response to the widely acknowledged failure of formal justice systems to deliver justice for victims of sexual violence and the anti-carceral critique of feminism’s support for carceral justice responses to violence against women. Ultimately, I consider how popular culture might contribute to a more progressive vision of justice which resonates with McGlynn and Westmarland’s (2019) notion of ‘kaleidoscopic justice’ where victims are centred and the harms of sexual violence are fully recognised. I conclude by considering the ethics of representations of violence against within popular culture.
The Architecture of Desire: How the Law Shapes Interracial Intimacy and Perpetuates Inequality, Solangel Maldonado [NYU Press, 2024, 240pp, £29.99 (hardback)]
Authors: Raj Senthorun
Published: July 2024

Review of The Architecture of Desire: How the Law Shapes Interracial Intimacy and Perpetuates Inequality, Solangel Maldonado [NYU Press, 2024, 240pp, £29.99 (hardback)]
Comparison of the strength of popular thermoplastic materials used in 3D printing - PLA, ABS and PET-G
Authors: Stecuła Beniamin , Sitko Jacek , Stecuła Kinga , Witkowski Mirosław , Orzeł Bartosz
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of three prevalent materials used in 3D printing. PLA (Polylactic Acid), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), and PET-G (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol). The study includes strength testing using a tensile testing machine. Beginning with the selection of the input material used in 3D printing process, the research aimed to provide insights into the strength properties of these materials. Autodesk Fusion 360 software was used for the precise design of the 3D model, ensuring suitability for subsequent tensile testing. The physical samples were then printed using 3D printing technology. The samples were subjected to a strength examination using a tensile testing machine. The data collection phase recorded and compiled the results of each strength test, forming the foundation for a comprehensive analysis. Using statistical methods and comparative analyzes, the data were thoroughly examined, allowing the derivation of conclusive observations and insights into the comparative strengths of PLA, ABS, and PET-G. The findings not only contribute to a deeper understanding of material performance, but also provide a guide for material selection in 3D printing applications, guiding future research endeavors and industry applications in the ever-evolving landscape of additive manufacturing.
Propuestas de formación inicial docente para aulas multilingües en la escuela chilena
Authors: Toledo Vega Gloria Macarena , Cerda-Oñate Karina , Lizasoain Andrea
Published: July 2024

El presente estudio buscó explorar los conocimientos e ideologías sobre multilingüismo y el grado de acceso e inclusión tienen los inmigrantes en la escuela pública chilena con base en la información entregada por profesores en formación y servicio del sistema educacional chileno. Para contestar estas preguntas se realizó una encuesta a 103 docentes, cuyos resultados se recogen en dos trabajos previos de Toledo et al. (2022a) y Toledo et al. (2022b), los cuales reunimos en este artículo, entregando un panorama completo de los hallazgos. Entre los hallazgos se encuentra una valoración positiva del multilingüismo por parte de los dos grupos de profesores, así como también la ausencia de lineamientos y formación para los profesores para enfrentar la interculturalidad y las aulas multilingües en el sistema educativo chileno actual.
Book Review/Recensión "Practical Experiences in Teaching Spanish as a First and Second Language Global Competence, Sustainable Development Goals, and World-Readiness Standards"
Authors: García-Barroso Lorena
Published: July 2024

Recensión crítica sobre la obra "Experiencias prácticas en didáctica del español como primera y segunda lengua con Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, competencia global y World-Readiness Standards", de Teresa Fernández-Ulloa y Miguel Soler Gallo (eds.). Publicada por Peter Lang (2023).
The crucial role of 5hmC in neuroprotection and repair after cerebrovascular injury
Authors: Tsenkina Yanina
Published: July 2024

Cerebrovascular injuries, such as stroke and other vascular insults to the brain, present significant challenges to neurological function and recovery. Within the complex realm of epigenetic modifications, hydroxymethylation emerges as a crucial factor in orchestrating mechanisms for neuroprotection and repair following such injuries. This review consolidates current research on the multifaceted role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in regulating molecular and cellular processes vital for neuronal survival and regeneration after cerebrovascular injury. The discussion delves into the dynamic interaction between hydroxymethylation and important pathways in neuroprotection, such as the modulation of excitotoxicity and cellular metabolism, resolution of inflammation, and mitigation of oxidative stress. Additionally, it explores emerging evidence suggesting that 5hmC contributes to neurorepair by promoting neurogenesis, axonal regeneration, angiogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. Understanding the role of hydroxymethylation in cerebrovascular injury provides insights into potential therapeutic approaches for enhancing the brain’s innate mechanisms for protection and repair. By elucidating the intricate involvement of 5hmC in these injuries, this review establishes a basis for further research aimed at leveraging its therapeutic potential to alleviate neurological deficits and promote recovery in affected individuals.
Long COVID: A Chronic Shortage of Blood. Treatment Proposal Based on Reasoned Speculation from Pathophysiological Principles
Authors: Molenaar Pieter A.
Published: July 2024

The signs and symptoms of Long COVID can be explained by a shortage of blood in the body and a resulting deficient blood flow through nearly all organs. This shortage arose during the acute phase of COVID19 by an increased breakdown of haematocytes, to which the liver responds by reducing the production of plasma. In order to prevent a too large decrease in haematocrit. In order to ensure the perfusion of organs that are directly necessary for survival, the body takes the emergency measure of diverting blood from other organs and tissues. The perfusion of the blood-producing organs is also affected by this distribution measure, which hinders the smooth recovery of the total blood volume. The body is stuck in this vicious circle: a shortage of circulating blood hinders the recovery of blood production. This explains the long duration of Long COVID. My proposed treatment of Long COVID focuses on the recovery of the correct volume of blood in the body of the right composition by the intravenous administration of donor blood products, starting with albumin concentrate. A trial treatment can be performed in any hospital without much additional preparations, and has a lower associated risk for the patient than analysing the total blood. A diagnosis ex juvantibus, by therapeutic response, is therefore preferable. I suspect that we will find a haematocrit value at the high extreme of the reference range, and an albumin value at the low extreme of the reference range in most Long COVID patients before the start of the treatment, because the liver can not keep up with the recovery of the red bone marrow.
Generalized SmartScan: An Intelligent LPBF Scan Sequence Optimization Approach for 3D Part Geometries
Authors: He Chuan , Wood Nathaniel , Bugdayci Bircan , Okwudire Chinedum
Published: July 2024

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an additive manufacturing technique that is gaining popularity for producing metallic parts in various industries. However, parts produced by LPBF are prone to residual stress, deformation, cracks and other quality defects due to uneven temperature distribution during the LPBF process. To address this issue, in prior work, the authors have proposed SmartScan, a method for determining laser scan sequence in LPBF using an intelligent (i.e., model-based and optimization-driven) approach, rather than using heuristics, and applied it to simple 2D geometries. This paper presents a generalized SmartScan methodology that is applicable to arbitrary 3D geometries. This is achieved by: (1) expanding the thermal model and optimization approach used in SmartScan to multiple layers; (2) enabling SmartScan to process shapes with arbitrary contours and infill patterns within each layer; (3) providing the optimization in SmartScan with a balance of exploration and exploitation to make it less myopic; and (4) improving SmartScan's computational efficiency via model order reduction using singular value decomposition. Sample 3D test artifacts are simulated and printed using SmartScan in comparison with common heuristic scan sequences. Reductions of up to 92% in temperature inhomogeneity, 86% in residual stress, 24% in maximum deformation and 50% in geometric inaccuracy were observed using SmartScan, without significantly sacrificing print speed. An approach for using SmartScan for printing complex 3D parts in practice, by integrating it as a plug-in to a commercial slicing software, was also demonstrated experimentally, along with its benefits in significantly improving printed part quality.
N-(Benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-((5-chlorobenzoxazol-2-yl)amino)butanamide
Authors: Pilotzi-Xahuentitla Hugo , Canche-Naal Gabriela del Carmen , Ortiz-Andrade Rolffy Ruben , Navarrete-Vázquez Gabriel , Hernández-Núñez Emanuel
Published: July 2024

Benzazoles, such as benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, are compounds with important biological and pharmacological activities and important intermediaries in synthesis. This report presents the synthesis of a butanamide derived from linking 5-chloro-2-aminobenzoxazole and 2-aminobenzothiazole via 4-chlorobutanoyl chloride. The corresponding compound N-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-((5-chlorobenzoxazol-2-yl)aminobutanamide was obtained 76 % yield global using accessible starting materials and methodology in two reaction steps. Furthermore, we made docking studies of this compound on 3-TOP protein to explore its potential as an antidiabetic agent.
Quarks and Leptons Formation from the Spontaneous Fractionation of a Pair of Elementary Particles with Proton Charge Units
Authors: Auci Massimo
Published: July 2024

It is shown that if there exists in nature a pair of heavy elementary particles each with a charge equal to that of the proton and with mass energy , then their direct interaction gives rise to a spontaneous fractionation of the two charges into three pairs of elementary particles according to two equiprobable channels, one hadronic and one leptonic. The leptons and quarks produced are in agreement with the first generation of the Standard Model of matter. Fractionation suggests the relative abundances of the elementary particles, introducing some questions about the possibility of the real existence of a currently unknown particle and its role in the formation of an apparent matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.
Analysis of the Setomimycin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster from Streptomyces nojiriensis JCM3382 and Evaluation of Its α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity using Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Stimulations
Authors: Hyun Kyung-A , Liang Xuhui , Xu Yang , Kim Seung-Young , Boo Kyung-Hwan , Park Jin-Soo , Chi Won-Jae , Hyun Chang-Gu
Published: July 2024

The formation of atroposelective biaryl compounds in plants and fungi is well understood; however, the polyketide aglycone synthesis and dimerization in bacteria remain unclear. Thus, the biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) responsible for antibacterial setomimycin production from Streptomyces nojiriensis JCM3382 was examined in comparison with the BGCs of spectomycin, julichromes, lincolnenins, and huanglongmycin. Setomimycin BGC includes post-PKS assembly/cycling enzymes StmD (C-9 ketoreductase), StmE (aromatase), and StmF (thioesterase) as key components. The heterodimeric TcmI-like cyclases StmH and StmK are proposed to aid in forming the setomimycin monomer. In addition, StmI (P-450) is predicted to catalyze biaryl coupling of two monomeric setomimycin units, with StmM (ferredoxin) specific to setomimycin BGC. The roles of StmL and StmN, part of the nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF-2)-like protein family and unique to setomimycin BGCs, could particularly interest biochemists and combinatorial biologists. α-Glucosidase, a key enzyme in type 2 diabetes, hydrolyzes carbohydrates into glucose, thereby elevating blood glucose levels. This study aimed to assess the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of EtOAc extracts of JCM 3382 and setomimycin. The JCM 3382 EtOAc extract and setomimycin exhibited greater potency than the standard inhibitor, acarbose, with IC50 values of 285.14 ± 2.04 μg/mL and 231.26 ± 0.41 μM, respectively. Kinetic analysis revealed that setomimycin acts as a competitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase. Molecular docking demonstrated two hydrogen bonds with maltase-glucoamylase chain A residues Thr205 and Lys480 (binding energy = −6.8 kcal·mol⁻¹), two π-π interactions with Trp406 and Phe450, and one π-cation interaction with Asp542. Residue-energy analysis highlighted Trp406 and Phe450 as key in setomimycin's binding to maltase-glucoamylase. These findings suggest that setomimycin is a promising candidate for further enzymological research and potential antidiabetic therapy.
A Doublet State palladium(I) N-heterocyclic Carbene Complex as a Dopant and Stabilizer for Improved Photostability in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: El Astal-Quirós Aliah , Carrarini Valentina , Zarotti Francesca , Rahman Atiq Ur , Lledós Agustí , Yebra Cristina G. , de Jesús Ernesto , Reale Andrea
Published: July 2024

The effect of doublet state metalloradical complex in a solar cell inside the common active layer poly(3-hexylthiophene)/ [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT/PC60BM) is explored. In this work is demonstrated that the role of the Bis-[1,3-Bis-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dichloroimidazol-2-ylidene]palladium(I) hexafluoridophosphate dopant, [Pd(IPrCl)2][PF6], is crucial because, by having a stable unpaired electron in the molecule, it significantly improves the optoelectronic performance of the devices. We found the optimal concentration of this molecule in the active layer, and we demonstrated that the presence of this additive in the active layer helps to significantly improve the morphology of the device. The improvements in optoelectronic and morphological parameters are associated with a remarkable increase of photocurrent generation due to more favourable mechanisms of charge separation at the donor/acceptor (D/A) interfaces of the active layer and reduced recombinations. Moreover, the presence of this additive improves the stability of the unencapsulated solar cell against photochemical degradation produced by sunlight.
Long-Range Imaging of Alpha Emitters Using Radioluminescence in Open Environments: Daytime and Nighttime Applications
Authors: Kong Lingteng , Scott Thomas Bligh , Day John Charles Clifford , Megson-Smith David Andrew
Published: July 2024

Alpha emitters like plutonium pose severe health risks when ingested, damaging DNA and potentially causing cancer. Traditional detection methods require proximity within millimeters of the contamination source, presenting safety risks and operational inefficiencies. Long-range detection through alpha radioluminescence (RL) offers a promising alternative. However, most of the previous experiments have been carried out under controlled conditions that preclude the overwhelming effect of ambient light. This study demonstrates successful detection of a 3 MBq alpha emitter in an open environment using a newly developed, lightweight compact alpha camera. This camera incorporates a deep-cooled CCD and a specially designed lens system with a low f-number to maximum the signal intensity. The lens was also designed to minimize blue shift effects of filters. Nighttime imaging was achieved with a dual-filter system using a sandwich filters assembly centered at 337 nm and 343 nm for capturing alpha RL and subtracting background light, respectively. At night, the alpha source was detected from 1 meter away within one minute. The system was also evaluated under simulated urban lighting conditions. For daytime imaging, a stack of tilted 276 nm short pass filters minimized sunlight interference, enabling clear detection of the alpha source at 70 cm within 10 minutes under indirect sunlight. This research not only underscores the viability of long-range optical detection of alpha emitters for environmental monitoring and scientific research but also highlights its ability to enhance nuclear safety and public health in real-world settings.
Comparison of Faster R-CNN, YOLO, and SSD for Third Molar Angle Detection in Dental Panoramic X-rays
Authors: Vilcapoma Piero , Parra Meléndez Diana , Fernández Alejandra , Vásconez Ingrid Nicole , Gatica Gustavo , Vásconez Juan Pablo
Published: July 2024

The use of artificial intelligence algorithms (AI) has gained importance for dental applications in recent years. Analyzing using IA information from different sensor data such as images or X-ray radiographs can help to improve medical decisions and to achieve early diagnosis of different dental pathologies. In particular, the use of deep learning (DL) techniques based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has obtained promising results in dental applications based on images, in which approaches based on classification, detection, and segmentation are being studied with growing interest. However, there are still several challenges to be tackled, such as the data quality and quantity, the variability among categories, and the analysis of the possible bias and variance associated with each dataset distribution. In this work, we compare three different DL object detection models, which are Faster R-CNN, YOLO V2, and SSD. Each object detection architecture was trained, calibrated, validated, and tested with three different feature extraction CNNs which are ResNet-18, ResNet-50, and ResNet-101, which were the networks that best fit our dataset distribution. Based on such detection networks, we detect four different categories of angles in third molars using X-ray panoramic radiographs by using Winter's classification criterion. This criterion characterizes the third molar's position regarding the second molar's longitudinal axis. The detected categories for the third molars are distoangular, vertical, mesioangular, and horizontal. For training, we used a total of 644 panoramic X-ray images. The results obtained in the testing dataset reached up to 99% mean average accuracy performance, demonstrating the YOLOV2 obtained higher effectiveness in solving the third molar angle detection problem. These results demonstrate that the use of CNNs for object detection in panoramic X-rays represents a promising solution in dental applications.
Impact of Monensin Sodium and Essential Limonene Oil on the Fermentation and Chemical Composition of TMR Silages With Moisture Variations
Authors: de Andrade Ronnie Coêlho , Orrico Junior Marco Antonio Previdelli , da Silva Yara América , Retore Marciana , Fernandes Tatiane , Orrico Ana Carolina Amorim , Vargas Junior Fernando Miranda de , Amaral Isabele Paola de Oliveira
Published: July 2024

Monensin and essential oils have antimicrobial properties that may impact silage fermentation. The present study investigates the effects of monensin and essential oils as additives in the ensiling of total mixed ration (TMR). In the first assay, TMR was tested with sheep in growth (65% dry matter - DM) using the following treatments: control (no additive), MON35 (35 mg monensin/kg DM), MON45 (45 mg monensin/kg DM), ELO300 (300 mg essential oil/kg DM), and ELO600 (600 mg essential oil/kg DM). In the second assay, the same treatments were used in TMR for lactating cows under two moisture conditions (30% and 40% DM). The parameters assessed included fermentative losses, short-chain fatty acid profile, aerobic stability, chemical-bromatological composition, and in vitro DM digestibility of the silages. In the first assay, the treatments with ELO had the lowest pH values and the highest lactic acid concentrations, with treatment ELO600 leading to the highest aerobic stability (297.88 h). Only the starch contents of the ELO treatments were lower than the others. In the second assay, the silages with the highest moisture contents and ELO600 exhibited the lowest values of DM recovery, lactic acid, and pH. The highest lactic acid:acetic acid ratios were observed in the silages with the most moisture added with MON35 and MON45. The use of MON and ELO increased aerobic stability, with the highest values observed for ELO600 and MON35. The treatments with MON and ELO resulted in silages with the lowest fiber contents and highest ether extract and starch contents when compared with control. Thus, MON and essential oils improve fermentative quality but ELO should be used in lower doses in humid silages to avoid negative fermentation impacts.
Pathpoint® ePOA: Revolutionizing Preoperative Care – A Literature Review and Clinical Evaluation of Digital Assessment Tools
Authors: Subramaniyan Balamurugan , Beak Philip , Zarringhalam Parisa , Mahapatra Piyush
Published: July 2024

Preoperative assessment is crucial in surgical care, traditionally relying on physical examinations and paper-based questionnaires. The emergence of digital tools like Pathpoint® ePOA represents a significant advancement, aiming to enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and standardisation of preoperative evaluations. Pathpoint® ePOA is a cloud-based platform designed to integrate seamlessly with Electronic Health Records (EHRs), providing a comprehensive, data-driven approach to preoperative assessments. It supports improved risk stratification, optimised resource allocation, and enhanced patient engagement through features such as customisable templates and real-time data integration.Current research highlights that digital preoperative tools like ePOA offer notable advantages, including increased clinical capacity, better complexity stratification, and improved patient follow-up. Despite these benefits, gaps remain in comparative studies, detailed clinical outcomes, and patient engagement strategies, indicating areas for further exploration. Pathpoint® ePOA adheres to rigorous safety standards and risk management protocols, ensuring reliability and data security while contributing to improved surgical outcomes. The benefit-risk ratio for ePOA is favourable, underscoring its potential to advance preoperative care by optimising clinical workflows and enhancing patient safety.
Pilot Evaluation of Silicone Surrogates for Oral Mucosa Simulation in Craniofacial Surgical Training
Authors: Cin Mitchell Dennis , Koka Krishna Sai , Darragh Justin , Nourmohammadi Zahra , Hamdan Usama , Zopf David A.
Published: July 2024

Surgical simulators are crucial in early craniofacial and plastic surgical training, necessitating synthetic materials that accurately replicate tissue properties. Recent critiques of our lab’s currently deployed silicone surrogate have highlighted numerous areas for improvement. To further refine our models, our group's objective is to find a composition of materials that is closest in fidelity to native oral mucosa during surgical rehearsal by expert craniofacial surgeons. Fifteen platinum silicone-based surrogate samples were constructed with variable hardness and slacker percentages. These samples underwent evaluation of tactile sensation, hardness, needle puncture, cut resistance, suture retention, defect repair, and tensile elasticity. Expert craniofacial surgeon evaluators provided focused qualitative feedback on selected top-performing samples for further assessment and statistical comparisons. Evaluation revealed surrogate characteristics with satisfactory to good performance. Sample 977 exhibited the highest performance, and comparison with the original surrogate (sample 810) demonstrated significant improvements in critical areas, emphasizing the efficacy of the refined composition. The study identified a silicone composition that directly addresses the feedback received by our team’s original silicone surrogate. The study underscores the delicate balance between biofidelity and practicality in surgical simulation. The need for ongoing refinement in surrogate materials is evident to optimize training experiences for early surgical learners.
Leveraging Local Geomaterial Properties for Global Pavement Solutions: A Case Study
Authors: Chávez Alegría Omar , Cruz Marquez José Juan , Rojas González Eduardo , Zamora Castro Sergio Aurelio , Pérez Rea Maria de la Luz
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the permeability and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of base course materials for flexible pavements, focusing on materials from local quarries in Querétaro and Puebla, Mexico. Recognizing the fundamental role of the base layer in load distribution and hydraulic conductivity, the research evaluates these properties at different grain sizes and moisture contents. The objective is to define an optimal range that maximizes both drainage and mechanical resistance, crucial to extending the useful life of the pavement. Four different quarries were selected for material sampling and extensive testing was performed to determine permeability and CBR values under different conditions. The findings reveal the need for broader experimentation and methodological improvements, particularly in the measurement of hydraulic conductivity, a parameter not yet regulated for these materials in Mexico. The results demonstrated permeability values ranging between 1.2810^-3 and 1.9010^-3 cm/s, highlighting the significant impact of the percentage of fine material and its plasticity on the hydraulic and mechanical performance. Despite achieving permeability rates lower than the optimal value suggested in American manuals (0.35 cm/s), even with a fine material content of less than 5%, the study highlights the potential of local materials to meet the international standards with proper processing and testing. This research contributes to the global body of knowledge in pavement engineering by linking local geomaterial properties to broader applicable engineering practices. It suggests that even locally sourced materials, when appropriately evaluated and used, can significantly influence overall pavement solutions, promoting sustainability and cost-effectiveness in pavement construction.
Long‐Term Effects of Thinning in Sub‐Mountainous Thermophilic Sessile Oak (Quercus petraea Mill.) and European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Coppices in the Croatian Dinarides
Authors: Đodan Martina , Nicolescu Valeriu-Norocel , Peric Sanja , Jazbec Anamarija , Bartlett Debbie
Published: July 2024

Coppicing has been neglected in recent decades leaving gaps in knowledge on silvicultural interventions, especially the long-term effects on coppices of South-East Europe. Thus, our work aims to define the long-term effects of thinning in sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) sub-mountainous thermophilic low coppices in the Croatian Dinarides. The experiment includes two localities with thinning plots and control plots. Thinning was done in 2002 with 17.71% of wood volume removed in the European beech coppice and 26.09% in the sessile oak coppice. 1276 trees were marked, measured (DBH, tree height, number of stems per stump) and assessed for vitality, origin and six silvicultural features revealing tree quality. Descriptive statistics for all variables, RMANOVA for DBH and height and for continuous variables mean+-+ standard deviation for categorical frequency and relative frequency variables were carried out. The results show a statistically significant positive long-term effect of thinning on tree growth, stem and crown features and support findings that thinning, by increasing growth and quality, is a necessary intervention in European beech and sessile oak low coppices. The recent economic crisis, the sudden increase in energy prices, and the increased demand for assorted wood products have initiated higher interest in coppices in Croatia.
miRNA Dysregulation in Keratinocyte Carcinomas: Clinical Evidence, Experimental Validation, and Future Directions
Authors: Conley Jessica , Genenger Benjamin , Ashford Bruce , Ranson Marie
Published: July 2024

The keratinocyte carcinomas, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), are the most common cancers in humans. Recently, an increasing body of literature has investigated the role of miRNAs in keratinocyte carcinoma pathogenesis, progression and their use as therapeutic agents and targets, or biomarkers. However, there is very little consistency in the literature regarding the identity of and/or role of individual miRNAs in cSCC (and to a lesser extent BCC) biology. miRNA analyses that combine clinical evidence with experimental elucidation of targets and functional impact provide far more compelling evidence than studies purely based on clinical findings or bioinformatic analyses. In this study, we review the clinical evidence associated with miRNA dysregulation in KCs assessing the quality of validation evidence provided, identify gaps, and provide recommendations for future studies based on relevant studies that investigated miRNA levels in human cSCC and BCC. Furthermore, we demonstrate how miRNAs contribute to the regulation of a diverse network of cellular functions, and that large-scale changes in tumor cell biology can be attributed to miRNA dysregulation. We highlight the need for further studies investigating the role of miRNAs as communicators between different cell types in the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we explore the clinical benefits of miRNAs as biomarkers of keratinocyte carcinoma prognosis and treatment.
MSD: Multi-order Semantic Denoising Model for Session-Based Recommendation
Authors: Cheng Shulin , Huang Wentao , Yu Zhenqiang , Zheng Jianxing
Published: July 2024

Session-based recommendations which aim to predict subsequent user-item interaction based on historical user behavior during anonymous sessions can be challenging tasks. Two main challenges need to be addressed and improved: (1) How to analyze these sessions to accurately and completely capture users’ preferences, and (2) how to identify and eliminate any interference caused by noisy behavior. Existing methods have not adequately addressed these issues since they either neglected the valuable insight that can be gained from analyzing consecutive groups of items or failed to take these noisy data in sessions seriously and handled them properly, which can jointly impede recommendation systems from capturing users’ real intentions. To address these two problems, we designed a multi-order semantic denoising (MSD) model for session-based recommendations. Specifically, we grouped items of different lengths as varying multi-order semantic units to mine the user’s primary intention from multiple dimensions. Meanwhile, a novel denoising network was designed to alleviate the interference of noisy behavior and provide a more precise session representation. The result of extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrated that the proposed MSD model exhibited improved performance compared with existing state-of-the-art methods in session-based recommendation.
Wine, Polyphenols and the Matrix Effect: Is Alcohol Always the Same?
Authors: Miraldi Elisabetta , Baini Giulia , Biagi Marco , Cappellucci Giorgio , Giordano Alessandro , Vaccaro Federica , Bertelli Alberto
Published: July 2024

While the number of publications on wine and health is steadily increasing, ranging from molecular level to epidemiological studies, often with contradictory results, little attention has been given to an holistic approach. In this review some unusual concepts are considered, such as phytocomplex, vehicle and the Matrix effect. As an example, three mono/polyphenols present in wine, Tyrosol, Hydroxytyrosol and Resveratrol, have been selected and the consequences of respecting, disregarding or ignoring the Matrix effect are shown. Underestimation of the wine Matrix effect could lead to deceiving results, as in the case of de-alcoholized wine or wine-compound-based nutritional supplements,or in emphasizing a single component toxic activity, in this case alcohol, ignoring the specific protective action at molecular level of other compounds (polyphenols) present in the same Matrix. The dark side of Matrix effect is also discussed. It is suggested that specificity of wine should be always taken in consideration by public health Authorities.
Circular‐ESG Model for Regenerative Transition
Authors: Tariqullah Khan
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a Cartesian model of sustainability by a novel integration of Circular Economy principles and ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) criteria to explicitly establish a clear path for closing the loops of negative social and environmental externalities. As global sustainability transformations accelerate, they bring both opportunities and inherent financial risks and social uncertainties. Historically, economic development has often been achieved at the expense of environmental balance. The contemporary challenge is to attain a dynamic equilibrium between natural and socio-economic systems. We introduce an integrated, multidisciplinary, and dynamic framework for studying and managing sustainability transitions. Our innovative 4-quadrant framework utilizes a Cartesian coordinate system to map the impacts of various business models on natural and socio-economic systems, spanning from linear open-loop to circular closed-loop ESG models. The framework is data-driven, employing normalized coordinates (-1 to 1) to facilitate empirical analysis and the establishment of temporal Key Performance Indicators. By integrating the Human Development Index within ecological limits, our model targets regenerative development that harmonizes human progress with planetary boundaries. This versatile and robust framework serves as a practical tool for businesses, households, organizations, and policymakers to navigate the complexities of sustainable development, promoting innovation and fostering a just transition towards regenerative practices. Our approach provides a comprehensive roadmap for achieving high human development within the planet's ecological limits, contributing significantly to the broader discourse on sustainability science and management.
Carbon Yield Model for a Makino Bamboo (Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata) Plantation by Various Thinning Intensities
Authors: Liu Yi-Hung , Yen Tian-Ming
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to develop a carbon yield model for a Makino bamboo plantation and addressed a monoculture Makino bamboo plantation in central Taiwan. We established a long-term trial to monitor the stand dynamic following thinning. A total of 16 plots were installed based on four thinning treatments, each sharing four plots. After thinning, data were collected from two investigations, resulting in 32 records. We calculated the number of culms (N), mean diameter at breast height (MDBH), and basal area (BA) for each record. An allometric function developed by previous research was used to predict aboveground biomass and to obtain aboveground carbon storage (AGCS). The model used the N, MDBH, and BA with various types (reciprocal and natural logarithm types) as independent variables to predict ln(AGCS) by the stepwise method. According to the Radj2 value, the best predictive models were: ln(ABCS) = -0.004 + 0.820 ln(MDBH) + 1.008 ln(BA), and ln(ABCS) = 7.550 - 0.820 ln(N) + 1.828 ln(BA). From these two models, we found the factors, either BA and MDBH or BA and N, can effectively predict AGCS. It indicated that stand density was critical in affecting AGCS, especially the variable BA.
Evaluation of CacyBP/SIP Expression and Its Relationship With ERK1/2 and p38 Kinase in Testicular Seminoma
Authors: Młynarczyk Grzegorz , Domian Natalia , Lewandowska Alicja , Novák Adam , Kasacka Irena
Published: July 2024

Testicular cancer accounts for approximately 1% of adult cancers and 5% of all urologic cancers. The most common histopathological diagnosis of testicular neoplastic lesions are germ cell tumors (90-95% of cases), among which the majority of cases are seminomas, the most common malignant tumors among men aged 15-44. For better clinical diagnosis and treatment, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms of tumor formation. In this study, the expression of the CacyBP/SIP protein and ERK1/2 and p38 kinases was analyzed for the first time in seminomas and normal testicular tissues. The research was carried out using archival tissue material from 30 patients undergoing surgery due to testicular seminoma, whereas the comparative material consisted of the adjacent normal tissues. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to identify the expression of CacyBP/SIP, ERK1/2, and p38. A very clear weakening of both immunoreactivity and gene expression of all tested parameters was demonstrated in seminomas compared to healthy tissues. Our findings suggest the involvement of the CacyBP/SIP protein in the ERK1/2 and p38 signalling pathways, which may be involved in the processes of testicular seminoma carcinogenesis. The results of our research provide the basis for further research in this area.
PyRAMD Scheme: A Protocol for Computing the Infrared Spectra of Polyatomic Molecules Using Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Tikhonov Denis S.
Published: July 2024

Here, we present a general framework for computing the infrared anharmonic vibrational spectra of polyatomic molecules using the Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) with the software PyRAMD. To account for the nuclear quantum effects, we suggest using the simplified Wigner sampling (SWS) approach [\textit{Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.}, 2023, \textbf{25}, 18406-18423] simultaneously coupled with the Andersen and Berendsen thermostats. We propose a new criterion for selecting the parameter of the SWS based on the molecules' harmonic vibrational frequencies and usage of the large-time-step blue shift correction, allowing for a decrease in computational expenses. For the Fourier transform of the dipole moment autocorrelation function, we propose to use the regularized least-squares analysis, which allows us to obtain higher frequency resolution than the direct application of fast Fourier transform. Finally, we suggest the usage of the pre-parameterized scaling factors for the IR spectra from BOMD, also providing the scaling factors for the spectra at the BLYP-D3(BJ)/6-31G, PBE-D3(BJ)/6-31G, and PBEh-3c levels of theory.
Influence of Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet on Descompensation in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Jiménez-Torres Jose , Jiménez-Juan Carlos , Villa-Martínez Ana , Gutiérrez-García Marta , Moreno-Gaviño Lourdes , Aparicio-Santos Reyes , Romero-Muñoz Ángela , Goncet-Cansino M José , Barón-Franco Bosco , Bernabeu-Wittel Máximo
Published: July 2024

Background: Chronic Heart failure (CHF)constitutes a major health problem, representing the leading cause of hospitalization in people over 65 years old. Several studies have associated the Mediterranean diet with a cardioprotective function, improving prognosis in patients with high cardiovascular risk. Our main objective is to determine whether greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower severity of CHF, depending on the number of heart failure decompensations and complications of the disease.
Methods: The study was a single-center restrospective cohort study conducted at the Virgen del Rocío Hospital (Seville). Adherence to a Mediterranean diet was determined by the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) in patients with chronic heart failure in a state of clinical stability, and their cardiac and analytical profiles were evaluated.
Results: Seventy-two patients were included (35 with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet and 37 with low adherence). The average age was 81.29 ± 0.86 years. A trend towards fewer cardiac decompensations (1,49 ± 0,14 vs 1,92 ± 0,17), p= 0,054) and lower NT-proBNP values 2897,02 ± 617,16 vs 5227,96 ± 1047,12; p = 0,088) was observed in patients with high adherence compared to those with low adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that patients with CHF and high adherence to the Mediterranean diet have a tendency towards improved cardiac profile, indicated by fewer decompensations and lower NT-proBNP levels. Future clinical trials are needed to substantiate these hypotheses.
Tubal Cancer Clinical Management: Two Exceptional Scenarios and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Colombi Irene , D’Indinosante Marco , Lazzeri Lucia , Zupi Errico , Pisaneschi Silvia , Giusti Marco , Mattei Alberto , Debonis Elisa Valentina , Cassisa Angelo , Cavaliere Anna Franca , Perelli Federica
Published: July 2024

This article provides a literature review on tubal carcinoma to offer an updated insight into its preventative strategies, diagnosis, treatment, and oncological surveillance. In addition to the search string utilized, the authors' focus extended to key scientific studies, consensus statements, guidelines, and relevant case reports essential for the proper clinical management of the disease, providing a methodologically well-structured literature review combined with the practical expertise in the oncological field. The article also includes two emblematic clinical cases that emphasize the importance of understanding the physiopathology and the current state of the art in the anatomopathological advancements of tubal/ovarian/peritoneal carcinoma, often assimilated into a single clinical entity.
Stable Trend of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Helicobacter pylori Isolated from Patients during a 12-Year Period in Mexico
Authors: López-Vidal Yolanda , Calva Mercado Juan José , Amieva-Fernández Rosa Isabel , Majalca-Martínez Cristina , Ávila-Vargas Gerardo , Castillo-Rojas Gonzalo
Published: July 2024

An efficacious treatment of H. pylori infection is cornerstone for the global control of the diseases caused by this bacterium. Continuous epidemiologic surveillance of susceptibility of H. pylori to the antibiotics recommended for its eradication is highly recommended. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of 651 isolates from five different collections isolated between 1996 to 2008 in México City. The susceptibility profile of H. pylori isolates was determined by the E-test strips for each antibiotic (amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, and tetracycline). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed a very high proportion of H pylori strains susceptible to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and tetracycline (94.5%, 95%, and 99.5 %, respectively). In contrast, a high proportion (95%) of isolates was resistant to metronidazole. Notably, the proportion of susceptible/resistant strains to the 4 antibiotics over 5 consecutive time periods remained stable over time. Despite a wide use of amoxicillin and clarithromycin in the general population, the H pylori high susceptibility to these 2 antibiotics has been preserved during more than a decade. The high prevalence of resistance to metronidazole in H. pylori strains in our population compromises its use in the empirical treatment of H. pylori infection.
Learning Automata-Based Enhancements to RPL: Pioneering Load-Balancing and Traffic Management in IoT
Authors: Homaei Mohammad Hossein
Published: July 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) signifies a revolutionary technological advancement, enhancing various applications through device interconnectivity while introducing significant challenges due to these devices' limited hardware and communication capabilities. To navigate these complexities, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has tailored the Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) to meet the unique demands of IoT environments. However, RPL struggles with traffic congestion and load distribution issues, negatively impacting network performance and reliability. This paper presents a novel enhancement to RPL by integrating learning automata designed to optimize network traffic distribution. This enhanced protocol, the Learning Automata-based Load-Aware RPL (LALARPL), dynamically adjusts routing decisions based on real-time network conditions, achieving more effective load balancing and significantly reducing network congestion. Extensive simulations reveal that this approach outperforms existing methodologies, leading to notable improvements in packet delivery rates, end-to-end delay, and energy efficiency. The findings highlight the potential of our approach to enhance IoT network operations and extend the lifespan of network components. The effectiveness of learning automata in refining routing processes within RPL offers valuable insights that may drive future advancements in IoT networking, aiming for more robust, efficient, and sustainable network architectures.
Imaging Spectroscopy for Mining: Insights for Hyperspectral Drone Applications
Authors: Koerting Friederike Magdalena , Asadzadeh Saeid , Hildebrand Justus Constantin , Savinova Ekaterina , Kouzeli Evlampia , Nikolakopoulos Konstantinos G. , Lindblom David , Koellner Nicole , Buckley Simon J. , Lehman Miranda R. , Schläpfer Daniel , Micklethwaite Steven
Published: July 2024

Hyperspectral imaging data holds great potential for various stages of the mining life cycle in active and abandoned mines. The technology, however, has yet to achieve large-scale industrial implementation and acceptance. While hyperspectral satellite im-agery yields high spectral resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and global availability with breakthrough satellite sys-tems like EnMAP, EMIT, and PRISMA, limited spatial resolution poses challenges for mining sectors, which require decimeter- to centimeter-scale spatial resolution for applications such as reconciliation, ore/waste estimates, geotechnical assessments, and en-vironmental monitoring. Hyperspectral imaging from drones (Uncrewed Aerial Systems; UASs) offers high spatial resolution data relevant to the pit/ mine scale, with the capability for frequent, user-defined re-visit times. Collecting data in the visible to near and shortwave infrared (VNIR-SWIR) wavelength regions offers to detect different minerals and surface alteration patterns, potentially revealing crucial information for exploration, extraction, re-mining, waste remediation, and rehabilitation. In this paper, we review of applicable instrumentation, software components, and relevant studies deploying hyperspectral imaging in or appropriate to the mining sector, especially for hyperspectral VNIR-SWIR UASs. If directly applicable, draw on previous insights derived from airborne, satellite, and ground-based imaging systems. We also discuss common practices for UAS survey planning and sampling considerations for interpretation.