bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of combined ischemic preconditioning and remote ischemic perconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation
Authors: Li Ding-yang , Liu Wen-tao , Wang Guang-yi , Shi Xiao-ju
Published: December 2018

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and remote ischemic perconditioning (RIPer) confer protective effects against liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), but data about RIPer applying in liver transplantation is lacking. The study aimed to evaluate whether the combination of IPC and RIPer provides reinforced protective effects. C57BL/6 mice (160 pairs) were allocated into four groups: control, subjected to liver transplantation only; IPC, donor hilar was clamped for 10 min followed by 15 min of reperfusion; RIPer, three cycles of occlusion (5 min) and opening (5 min) of femoral vascular bundle were performed before reperfusion; IPC + RIPer, donors and recipients were subjected to IPC and RIPer respectively. Liver tissues were obtained for histological evaluation, TUNEL staining, malondialdehyde assays, GSH-Px assays, and NF-κB p65 protein and Bcl-2/Bax mRNA analyses. Blood samples were used to evaluate ALT, AST, TNF-α, NOx levels and flow cytometry. We found that protective efficacy of RIPer is less than IPC in terms of ALT, TNF-α, GSH-Px and NOx at 2 h postoperation, but almost equivalent at 24 h and 72 h postoperation. Except for Suzuki scores, ALT, Bcl-2/Bax mRNA ratio, other indices showed that combined treatment brought enhanced attenuation in IRI, compared with single treatment, through additive effects on antioxidation, anti-apoptosis, modulation of microcirculation disturbance, and inhibition of innate immune response. This study suggested a combined strategy that could enhance protection against IRI in clinical liver transplantation, otherwise, provided a hint that RIPer’s mechanism might be partly or totally different from IPC in humoral pathway.
Publisher Correction: Antimicrobial spray nanocoating of supramolecular Fe(III)-tannic acid metal-organic coordination complex: applications to shoe insoles and fruits
Authors: Park Ji Hun , Choi Sohee , Moon Hee Chul , Seo Hyelin , Kim Ji Yup , Hong Seok-Pyo , Lee Bong Soo , Kang Eunhye , Lee Jinho , Ryu Dong Hun , Choi Insung S.
Published: December 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Metal coordination-functionalized Au–Ag bimetal SERS nanoprobe for sensitive detection of glutathione
Authors: Li Pan , Ge Meihong , Yang Liangbao , Liu Jinhuai
Published: December 2018

Neocuproine-Cu functionalized Au–Ag nanoparticles as nanoprobe for detection of glutathione based on the SERS spectra changing from Neocuproine-CuII to Neocuproine-CuI.
A porphyrin porous organic polymer with bicatalytic sites for highly efficient one-pot tandem catalysis
Authors: Shen Rui , Zhu Wei , Yan Xiaodong , Li Tao , Liu Yong , Li Yunxing , Dai Siyuan , Gu Zhi-Guo
Published: December 2018

A porphyrin-based porous organic polymer with bifunctional catalytic sites was synthesized, and exhibits high stability and excellent catalytic efficiency for tandem catalytic reactions of C–H arylation and Suzuki coupling.
Solvent-polymer guest exchange in a carbamazepine inclusion complex: structure, kinetics and implication for guest selection
Authors: Zhong Zhi , Yang Xiaotong , Wang Bi-Heng , Yao Ye-Feng , Guo Baohua , Yu Lian , Huang Yanbin , Xu Jun
Published: December 2018

Solvent–polymer guest exchange in a carbamazepine inclusion complex in a stirred solution was studied and a mechanism was proposed.
MnCo2O4+x nanowire arrays grown on carbon sponge: improved electrochemical and catalytic performances
Authors: Li Shifeng , Wang Jie , Wang Meifang , Ni Yonghong
Published: December 2018

MnCo2O4+x nanowire arrays with improved electrochemical and catalytic performances were successfully grown on carbon sponge via a hydrothermal–pyrolysis route.
Tuning electronic structure of monolayer InP3 in contact with graphene or Ni: effect of a buffer layer and intrinsic In and P-vacancy
Authors: Li Zhongjun , Qian Mingzhi , Song Lingling , Ma Liang , Qiu Huaili , Zeng Xiao Cheng
Published: December 2018

Ohmic contact in m-InP3 and G or Ni interface is achieved by introducing intrinsic defects and inserting a buffer layer.
Pressure-regulated synthesis of Cu(TPA)·(DMF) in microdroplets for selective CO2 adsorption
Authors: He Xiang , Wang Wei-Ning
Published: December 2018

A pressure-regulated microdroplet-based spray process is developed and investigated for the systematic synthesis of metal–organic frameworks.
Shining light on the excited state energy cascade in kinetically inert Ln(iii) complexes of a coumarin-appended DO3A ligand
Authors: Junker Anne Kathrine R. , Sørensen Thomas Just
Published: December 2018

Lanthanide based molecular probes for bioimaging relies on the antenna effect, here we are unravelling the excited state energy cascade that results in sensitized lanthanide luminescence.
Modulation of the reactivity of nitrogen mustards by metal complexation: approaches to modify their therapeutic properties
Authors: Karmakar Subhendu , Maji Moumita , Mukherjee Arindam
Published: December 2018

Metal complexation of nitrogen mustards shows promise with an ability to control the mustards’ reactivity, perform selective hypoxia activation, overcome resistance, and control GSH deactivation.
Correction: New ferrocene-based 2-thio-imidazol-4-ones and their copper complexes. Synthesis and cytotoxicity
Authors: Guk D. A. , Krasnovskaya O. O. , Dashkova N. S. , Skvortsov D. A. , Rubtsova M. P. , Dyadchenko V. P. , Yudina E. S. , Kosarev M. A. , Soldatov A. V. , Shapovalov V. V. , Semkina A. S. , Vlasova K. Y. , Pergushov V. I. , Shafikov R. R. , Moiseeva A. A. , Andreeva A. V. , Melnikov M. Ya. , Zyk N. V. , Majouga A. G. , Beloglazkina E. K.
Published: December 2018

Correction for ‘New ferrocene-based 2-thio-imidazol-4-ones and their copper complexes. Synthesis and cytotoxicity’ by D. A. Guk et al., Dalton Trans., 2018, DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03164a.
Predicting the regioselectivity of arynes: a simple model based on orbital electronegativity
Authors: Mirzaei Saber , Khosravi Hormoz
Published: December 2018

A simple model based on orbital electronegativity to predict the regioselectivity of arynes is reported; the nucleophiles attack the terminus possessing lower OE.
Theoretical investigation of U(i) arene complexes: is the elusive monovalent oxidation state accessible?
Authors: Tian Jia-Nan , Zheng Ming , Li Li , Schreckenbach Georg , Guo Yuan-Ru , Pan Qing-Jiang
Published: December 2018

With the goal to extend the uranium oxidation state, relativistic DFT unravels an energetically favored U(i) complex of a heterocalix[4]arene.
Tuning the properties of a cyclic RGD-containing tetrapeptide through backbone fluorination
Authors: Au Catherine , Gonzalez Christina , Leung Yun Cheuk , Mansour Flora , Trinh Johny , Wang Zhiyong , Hu Xiang-Guo , Griffith Renate , Pasquier Eddy , Hunter Luke
Published: December 2018

Fluorination alters a cyclic peptide's synthetic efficiency, its molecular conformation, and its biological activity.
Chemistry of detrifluoroacetylativelyin situgenerated fluoro-enolates
Authors: Mei Haibo , Liu Jiang , Fustero Santos , Román Raquel , Ruzziconi Renzo , Soloshonok Vadim A. , Han Jianlin
Published: December 2018

This review article provides a summary of the detrifluoroacetylativein situgeneration of fluorine-containing enolates and their related reactions.
A photocatalytic sp3 C–S, C–Se and C–B bond formation through C–C bond cleavage of cycloketone oxime esters
Authors: Anand Devireddy , He Yuwei , Li Linyong , Zhou Lei
Published: December 2018

The photocatalytic sulfuration, selenylation and borylation of cycloketone oxime esters through iminyl radical-triggered C–C bond cleavage were described. The reactions provide a unified approach to alkyl sulfur, selenium and boron compounds tethered to a synthetically useful nitrile group.
Enhanced cycling performance of nanostructure LiFePO4/C composites with in situ 3D conductive networks for high power Li-ion batteries
Authors: Zhao Chunsong , Wang Lu-Ning , Chen Jitao , Gao Min
Published: December 2018

Excellent cycling performance for a high rate LiFePO4/C composite with in situ 3D conductive networks.
Local dynamics in supramolecular polymer networks probed by magnetic particle nanorheology
Authors: Hess Melissa , Roeben Eric , Habicht Axel , Seiffert Sebastian , Schmidt Annette M.
Published: December 2018

By analysing the rotational diffusion of nanoprobes, we explore bond strengths and molecular dynamics in metal ion-coordinated transient networks.
Triggered disassembly and reassembly of actin networks induces rigidity phase transitions
Authors: Gurmessa Bekele J. , Bitten Nicholas , Nguyen Dan T. , Saleh Omar A. , Ross Jennifer L. , Das Moumita , Robertson-Anderson Rae M.
Published: December 2018

We couple time-resolved optical tweezers microrheology with diffusion-controlled microfluidics and mathematical modeling to elucidate the time-dependent mechanics of entangled and crosslinked actin networks during dynamic depolymerization and repolymerization of actin filaments.
Numerical modelling of non-ionic microgels: an overview
Authors: Rovigatti Lorenzo , Gnan Nicoletta , Tavagnacco Letizia , Moreno Angel J. , Zaccarelli Emanuela
Published: December 2018

We review numerical models of neutral microgels, going from the atomistic to the single-particle level.
A new way to measure viscosity in droplet-based microfluidics for high throughput analysis
Authors: André Estelle , Pannacci Nicolas , Dalmazzone Christine , Colin Annie
Published: December 2018

In this work, we propose a new way to measure the viscosity of samples in a microfluidic device.
Regulation of Myosin-5b by Rab11a and the Rab11 family interacting protein 2
Authors: Ji Huan-Hong , Yao Lin-Lin , Liu Chang , Li Xiang-dong
Published: December 2018

Mammalian myosin-5b (Myo5b) plays a critical role in the recycling of endosomes to the plasma membrane via the interactions with Rab11a and the Rab11 family interacting protein 2 (FIP2). However, it remains unclear on how Rab11a and FIP2 are coordinated in tethering Myo5b with the vesicles and activating the motor function of Myo5b. In the present study, we show that Rab11a binds to the globular tail domain (GTD) of Myo5b and this binding abolishes the head–GTD interaction of Myo5b, thus activating the motor function of Myo5b. On the other hand, FIP2 directly interacts with both Rab11a and the tail of Myo5b, and the binding of FIP2 to Myo5b does not affect Myo5b motor function. Moreover, Rab11a displays higher affinity to FIP2 than to Myo5b, suggesting that Rab11a binds preferentially to FIP2 than to Myo5b. Based on the current findings, we propose that the association of Myo5b with vesicles is mediated by FIP2, which bridges Myo5b and the membrane-bound Rab11a, whereas the motor function of Myo5b is regulated by Rab11a.
Star-forming content of the giant molecular filaments in the Milky Way
Authors: Zhang M. , Kainulainen J. , Mattern M. , Fang M. , Henning Th.
Published: December 2018

Context.Through observations numerous giant molecular filaments (GMFs) have been discovered in the Milky Way. Their role in the Galactic star formation and Galaxy-scale evolution of dense gas is unknown.

Aims.We investigate systematically the star-forming content of all currently known GMFs. This allows us to estimate the star formation rates (SFRs) of the GMFs and to establish relationships between the SFRs and the GMF properties.

Methods.We identified and classified the young stellar object (YSO) population of each GMF using multiwavelength photometry from near- to far-infrared. We estimated the total SFRs assuming a universal and fully sampled initial mass function and luminosity function.

Results.We uniformly estimate the physical properties of 57 GMFs. The GMFs show correlations between the13CO line width, mass, and size, similar to Larson’s relations. We identify 36 394 infrared excess sources in 57 GMFs and obtain SFRs for 46 GMFs. The median SFR surface density (ΣSFR) and star formation efficiency (SFE) of GMFs are 0.62M⊙Myr−1pc−2and 1%, similar to the nearby star-forming clouds. The star formation rate per free-fall time of GMFs is between 0.002−0.05 with the median value of 0.02. We also find a strong correlation between SFR and dense gas mass that is defined as gas mass above a visual extinction of 7 mag, which suggests that the SFRs of the GMFs scale similarly with dense gas as those of nearby molecular clouds. We also find a strong correlation between the mean SFR per unit length and dense gas mass per unit length. The origin of this scaling remains unknown, calling for further studies that can link the structure of GMFs to their SF activity and explore the differences between GMFs and other molecular clouds.
Characterisation of chemically related asbestos amphiboles of actinolite: proposal for a specific differentiation in the diagram (Si apfu versus Mg/Mg+Fe2+)
Authors: Misseri Maxime , Lahondere Didier
Published: December 2018

Aggregates and rocks from quarries located in metropolitan France and New Caledonia, all likely to contain asbestiform amphiboles, were analysed by a routine laboratory (AD-LAB). Morphological observations were made using transmission electron microscopy and chemical analyses were obtained with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The chemical analyses obtained from amphiboles were treated in such a way that they could be plotted in a diagram (Si apfu versus Mg/Mg+Fe2+). The points corresponding to analysed particles, classified as asbestos, define a broader compositional domain than that corresponding to the compositional areas of actinolite and tremolite. The creation of two new domains is proposed. Samples of basic metavolcanics and amphibolites collected by the Geological and Mining Research Bureau (BRGM) in different quarries of the Armorican Massif and the Massif Central containing calcic amphibole fibres have been the subject of polarized light microscope and electron microprobe analyses. The representative points of the spot chemical analyses performed on the very fine and ultrafine fibres are contained in the range defined previously. The diagram that has been determined from chemical analyses coupled with morphological and dimensional observations can help the “routine laboratories” to better characterise asbestiform calcic amphiboles, but it also allows comparisons with geological observations.
Comparative deformability of compressive members reinforced with steel and GFRP reinforcement
Authors: Lapshinov Andrey , Deminov Pavel
Published: December 2018

The paper contains the results of testing of compressive members reinforced longitudinally and transversally with steel and GFRP reinforcement. The spacing of transverse reinforcement (stirrups) and longitudinal reinforcement ratio varied in the specimens. The stress-strain, stress-Poisson’s ration, stress-volumetric strain relationships for tested specimens are given. It was observed that the appearance of cracks occurred with loading 90% of total. By the results of testing investigated that with the decreasing of spacing of transverse reinforcement the strength of specimens increased. Conclusion is made that by using small spacing of transverse reinforcement transverse strains and Poisson’s ratio decreasing, while modulus of elasticity increasing.
Durability of Concrete Reinforced by Specific Rebar
Authors: Elshina Lyudmila
Published: December 2018

Design of reinforced concrete is based on assuming that applied rebar has no corrosion damages at its surface. However, conventional construction practice allows the rebar embedded into concrete to have surface rust. Being transported in open railway cars, by river or marine transports, being in warehouses of intermediate traders and then affected during this time by an atmospheric precipitation and sometimes even aggressive agents of the environment (for example, being in direct contact with remains of chlorides which are earlier transported in the same cars), rebar arrives to construction site with corrosion defects of different types and various extents. Corrosion damages are caused not only by the conditions of its transportation and storage, but also by poor quality of the steel itself. This may lead to dangerous consequences such as sudden collapses of building constructions without preliminary visible deflections and deformations. One of the reasons of sudden structure collapses related to steel quality is strong structure heterogeneity stressed out by the slag immerge at the surface from the bar’s core. The emergence of slag to a surface of the rebar is especially noticeable in rebar produced by a multilane casting method. The solution of durability problems of reinforced concrete structures is based on competent design, identification and application of necessary methods of corrosion resistance for steel rebar, quality control in producer facilities as well as on the construction site of the consumer, increase in durability of bonding of rebar with concrete, and sufficient choice of primary and secondary anticorrosive protection for rebar and concrete.
Possibilities of applying structural optimization in building structures computer-aided design systems
Authors: Vasilkin Andrey
Published: December 2018

For computer-aided design solutions search, a computational tool, which will substantially facilitate designer’s work, has been developed. Structural optimization method – genetic algorithm method is taken as a basis. To accelerate design solutions synthesis, computer-aided design system in the form of a developed computational tool is used. It automatically synthesizes a significant number of design solutions using formalized conditions of strength facility requirements. Then, user compares the solutions upon performance criterion and selects the best options. The article demonstrates possibility of genetic algorithm application for obtaining design solutions through the example of a structural coating plate. The advantage of this method is obviousness in solutions search, visualization of proposed structures and user’s work with the system in dialog mode.
The Estimation Method of the Ozone Treatment Effectiveness of Wastewater Containing Dyes
Authors: Alekseev Stanislav , Pipko Daria
Published: December 2018

One of the applications of ozone for wastewater treatment is the destruction of difficult-oxidizing organic contaminants, including dyes. An important stage of development of water purification technology is the determination of the required degree of pollution destruction, effective doses of ozone and the period of water treatment. For example, in some cases when the dyes are degraded in textile sewage, the color reduction occurs with a slight decomposition of the organic substance of the dyes. The purification process is controlled by several indirect indicators, such as oxidizability, total organic carbon content, etc. We have conducted experimental researches and have studied the material balance of the ozonation process for wastewater containing dyes. Generalized method for determination of the consumption of ozone in the oxidation of contaminants in sewage waters and the technological indicator “chemical demand of ozone” are proposed. The method is quite universal and allows, while carrying out trial ozonation of water, to obtain dependence of ozone consumption for the processes of pollution destruction and determine the required specific dose of ozone.
Deodorization of water at water treatment plants in the lower Volga with activated anthracite
Authors: Boronina Liudmila , Israilov Russlan , Fomichev Valerii
Published: December 2018

The need for deodorization of the Volga water during the development of blue-green and diatom algae is shown. Most often there is a smell that is characterized as moldy, earthy, sometimes fishy, these odors are caused by geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol, which are products of the metabolism of microorganisms, mainly cyanobacteria and actinomycetes, as well as many microalgae species. Presented are the results of laboratory and pilot studies of water carbonation using Donbas activated anthracite and wood powder sorbent of SPDK brand in the experimental setup. Prospectivity of water deodorization in the lower Volga flow is determined by the sorption method using powdered activated carbon (PAC) obtained by activating the anthracites of the coal deposit Obukhovskiy, Rostov Region. Pilot tests of water purification on the experimental setup showed the effectiveness of PAC application on the basis of the activated anthracite of the Gukovsky deposit, with the optimal dose of PAC being 15-25 mg / l with a dose of 20-30 mg / l coagulant aluminum oxychloride.
Building informational model management automation
Authors: Chelyshkov Pavel
Published: December 2018

This paper describes the approaches to analysis in order to optimize the construction facilities (buildings and complexes) information models management. Two criteria have been proposed and discussed for the model quality evaluation: model informational saturation criterion and model topicality criterion. Practical application of the first criterion enables to define the optimal plan of information model filling. Herewith, the optimization is carried out through the maximum volume of useful information. The criterion is used at all stages of the model life cycle during the course of the model data updating. The second criterion allows to evaluate the need in the model data update. Being a vector (in the space of the modelling object significant values) of deviation of the model data from the model object data, the criterion represents the need to initiate the model data updating procedure using the predefined rules
Stress strain behavior research of triangular dam using analytical and numerical methods
Authors: Kozelskaya Maria , Donskova Daria , Ulianskaya Vera , Shvetsov Pavel
Published: December 2018

The article deals with the calculation of triangular dams by numerical and analytical methods. The analytical solution is performed by a semi-inverse method. The stress function is taken as a polynomial of the third degree. Numerical calculation is performed using the finite element method. A comparison of the results obtained by the two methods is performed.
Studying the methods for determining and maintaining sustainability of a construction firm
Authors: Lapidus Azariy , Abramov Ivan
Published: December 2018

Against the backdrop of the economic crisis and the complicated international situation, the government pays great attention to reforming the construction industry, creating the conditions for adapting construction firms to the existing situation and associated entrepreneurial and production risks. Concurrently, as the ever-increasing competition places higher requirements on potential participants in construction projects under state-financed and municipal contracts, new laws and regulations are being developed and improved, and bidding rules are systemized and optimized to help select the most reliable contractors resistant to various impacts. The purpose of this paper is to describe the term “sustainability of a construction firm” and to set the tasks of research into the ways of increasing sustainability of construction firms based on efficient organization of construction operations and up-to-date production and labor technology. The scientific problem suggested for review lies in ensuring guaranteed sustainability of construction firms amid uncertainties of construction operations. This paper focuses on research into and the methods for determining a correlation between sustainability of a construction firm and its resource potential that depends on a number of diverse factors.
The deficiency of dispute settlement mechanism seen in Chinese construction field from FIDIC
Authors: Li Dezhi , Zhang Huiyan , Fang Xuehua
Published: December 2018

Since formally introduced the friendly Amicable Settlement mechanism in 1987, FIDIC’ s efforts to promote and improve the alternative dispute settlement mechanism for construction work have been greatly developed. The current laws and regulations in China on alternative dispute resolution mechanisms for construction disputes are not perfect, and the newly revised “Conditions of contract for Construction” (GF2017-0201) lacks operability. It is of great significance to improve the dispute settlement mechanism by drawing on the provisions of article 20 of FIDIC (New Red Book), accumulate international experience and develop “One Belt And One Road”.
Consideration of external natural impacts in the design of hazardous production facilities
Authors: Bryukhan Fedor , Lavrusevich Ivan , Vinogradov Alexey , Vinogradov Ivan
Published: December 2018

In the contemporary society the need for assurance of technological and environmental safety of production facilities (PF), including hazardous ones, is dictated by technological development of the economy. This fact presupposes that the criteria of potential natural factors (geological, hydrological, meteorological) impact should be clarified during the design process. Insignificant number of available scientific generalizations of external factors impact on PF does not allow for making an initial protectability assessment of production complexes and adjacent areas. This research is aimed at developing a methodical approach to considering natural effects (including the extreme impacts) in assurance of PF’s technological protection and environmental safety in the areas adjacent to PF. The use of threshold probability of beyond design basis accident as the main probabilistic criterion is substantiated for decision making on whether to consider the external natural factors impact on PF or not. Along with it, is shown that the specified levels of probability of various natural factors occurrence should be revised upwards with account of detailed computations of accident scenarios at a PF. It is noted that risk management of PF exposure to external natural impacts should stipulate that monitoring of such factors should be arranged and carried out.
Probabilistic landslide risk assessment: Case study of Bujumbura
Authors: Shirambere Gervais , Nyadawa Maurice O. , Masekanya Jean pierre , Nyomboi Timothy
Published: December 2018

A spatial probabilistic landslide risk assessment and mapping model has been applied in a data scare region. The probabilistic model is based on a physical model based on Mohr coulomb failure criterion. A Monte Carlo simulation technique is applied to field collected data. The results are integrated and a probability of landslide is obtained at each cell level. The results are compared to a prepared landslide inventory. The overall accuracy of the model is 79.69%.
System-technical fundamentals of the structure of state construction supervision in the re-profiling of big urban area
Authors: Topchiy Dmitriy , Tokarskiy Andrey
Published: December 2018

The stage of construction is one of the main compulsory periods of the life cycle in the formation of construction end-products – capital construction projects of various functional purposes. The compulsory assessment of conformity of buildings and structures, as well as design construction, installation, setting up and recycling (demolition) processes associated with buildings and structures is conducted in Russia in the form of state construction supervision. An assessment results in a document certifying conformity of the actual indicators with the requirements of design, normative (industrial) and legislative documents. Conformity is assessed in accordance with procedural rules depending on the functional purpose of the capital construction project. There are two conformity assessment forms that appear to be similar: “construction inspection” and “state construction supervision”. They both characterize an approach used to assess the conformity of activities of participants in the construction operations (customers, developers, contractors) on formation of construction end-products – capital construction projects. These terms differ in so far as the construction inspection implies control by the customer of operations of contractors. State construction supervision authorities undertake supervisory (including inspection) activities in order to identify and crack down on violations of the requirements of technological regulations or other normative legal acts and design documents, committed by the key players in the construction investment activities (customer, developer, contractors), with the involvement of state authorities.
Thought experiments in construction risk management: capacities and limits
Authors: Varkhotov Taras , Alasania Kira
Published: December 2018

The article considers the concept of the thought experiment in risk management and describes epistemic status of the “risk” notion as well as conditions for performing procedures that contribute to risk management in construction. The article shows the prognostic and evidential potentials of the thought experiment as the basics for estimating the tools for risk analysis. The article states that the concept of risk management referring more to the plan of representation, than to the plan of reality let us include the thought experiment into the range of tools of risk estimations. Basing on the examples of construction activities as a specific sphere of risk management, the article proves the need of usage the thought experiment in applied forecast disciplines such as risk management.
Der ISAR-positive Patient in der Urologie
Authors: Wiedemann Andreas , Püttmann Jens , Heppner Hans
Published: December 2018

Hintergrund Seit 2015 ist mit dem ISAR-Screening (Identification of Seniors at Risk) wie in vielen Bundesländern ein geriatrisches Eingangsscreening bei allen über 75-jährigen Krankenhauspatienten vorgeschrieben. Unklar ist bisher, wie die als „mit geriatrischem Handlungsbedarf“ identifizierten Patienten in der Urologie weiter charakterisiert sind und wie die hier enthaltenen Informationen in den klinischen Alltag einfließen könnten.

Methoden Vom 01.07.2016 bis 31.12.2016 wurden 337 Patienten identifiziert, die über 75-jährig dem ISAR-Screening unterzogen werden sollten. Das Ergebnis („mit“ oder „ohne“ geriatrischem Handlungsbedarf) wurde den Ergebnissen weitergehender Assessments (Sturzrisiko, Dekubitusrisiko, Mangelernährungsscreening), demografischen Daten (Alter, Aufnahmestatus) und urologischen Diagnosen gegenübergestellt.

Ergebnisse Von 377 im Untersuchungszeitraum aufgenommenen Patienten wurden 102 „ISAR-positiv“ getestet. Diese Patienten waren signifikant älter als „ISAR-negative“ Patienten, sie wiesen ein signifikant höheres Sturz-, Dekubitus- und Mangelernährungsrisiko auf und gelangten häufiger per Notfalleinweisung in das Krankenhaus. ISAR-positive Patienten wiesen als Ausdruck der Multimorbidität signifikant mehr Diagnosen im DRG-Satz auf – es dominierten urologische Malignome und entzündliche Erkrankungen des Harntraktes. Während prozesskonform nahezu alle definitionsgemäß zu untersuchenden Patienten dem ISAR-Screening unterzogen wurden, war der Durchdringungsgrad der nachfolgenden Assessments geringer.

Schlussfolgerung Das ISAR-Screening beschreibt sehr gut schon im Rahmen der Aufnahmesituation den vulnerablen, multimorbiden und von Chronifizierung und Autonomieverlust bedrohten „geriatrischen“ Patienten in der Urologie. Die Herausforderung der Zukunft wird sein, die hier gewonnenen Informationen in die klinische urologische Routine zu implementieren.
Clinical management of endoscopically resected pT1 colorectal cancer
Authors: Antonelli Giulio , Berardi Giammauro , Rampioni Vinciguerra Gian , Brescia Antonio , Ruggeri Maurizio , Mercantini Paolo , Corleto Vito , D’Ambra Giancarlo , Pilozzi Emanuela , Hassan Cesare , Angeletti Stefano , Di Giulio Emilio
Published: December 2018

Background Implementation of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs increases endoscopic resection of polyps with early invasive CRC (pT1). Risk of lymph node metastasis often leads to additional surgery, but despite guidelines, correct management remains unclear. Our aim was to assess the factors affecting the decision-making process in endoscopically resected pT1-CRCs in an academic center.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients undergoing endoscopic resection of pT1 CRC from 2006 to 2016. Clinical, endoscopic, surgical treatment, and follow-up data were collected and analyzed. Lesions were categorized according to endoscopic/histological risk-factors into low and high risk groups. Comorbidities were classified according to the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Surgical referral for each group was computed, and dissociation from current European CRC screening guidelines recorded. Multivariate analysis for factors affecting the post-endoscopic surgery referral was performed.

Results Seventy-two patients with endoscopically resected pT1-CRC were included. Overall, 20 (27.7 %) and 52 (72.3 %) were classified as low and high risk, respectively. In the low risk group, 11 (55 %) were referred to surgery, representing over-treatment compared with current guidelines. In the high risk group, nonsurgical endoscopic surveillance was performed in 20 (38.5 %) cases, representing potential under-treatment. After a median follow-up of 30 (6 – 130) months, no patients developed tumor recurrence. At multivariate analysis, age (OR 1.21, 95 %CI 1.02 – 1.42; P = 0.02) and CCI (OR 1.67, 95 %CI 1.12 – 3.14; P = 0.04) were independent predictors for subsequent surgery.

Conclusions A substantial rate of inappropriate post-endoscopic treatment of pT1-CRC was observed when compared with current guidelines. This was apparently related to an overestimation of patient-related factors rather than endoscopically or histologically related factors.
Amniotic Tissue Modulation of Knee Pain—A Focus on Osteoarthritis
Authors: Hannon Charles , Yanke Adam , Farr Jack
Published: December 2018

The use of intra-articular therapies as sources of growth factors, anti-inflammatory mediators, and medicinal signaling cells for osteoarthritis (OA) is rapidly evolving. Amnion, chorion, amniotic fluid, and the umbilical cord are distinct placental tissues that have been investigated for use in OA. Amniotic membrane (AM) synthesizes a variety of growth factors, cytokines, and vasoactive peptides that modulate inflammation. In addition, they contain amniotic epithelial cells and amniotic mononuclear undifferentiated stromal cells, which have chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation capacity. AMs are also rich sources of hyaluronic acid and proteoglycans, which could play a role in the potential therapeutic relief of OA. Currently, there are several commercially available formulations of AM that differ based on content as well as how they were preserved. Understanding the processing of amniotic tissue is important because of their distinct mechanical and biologic effects of preservation on AM grafts. To date, there have been two preclinical and only one clinical study on the use of AM for OA, which show promising results. Many high level of evidence clinical trials are currently underway investigating the use of AM of OA. Future basic science and clinical research is warranted to better understand the anti-inflammatory and chondroregenerative properties of amniotic tissue and to determine clinically what amniotic tissue product is most efficacious for symptomatic OA.
Practical Considerations for the Assessment and Treatment of ADHD in Children with Epilepsy
Authors: Diekroger Elizabeth , Tangen Rachel
Published: December 2018

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric comorbidities in children with epilepsy, but it is under diagnosed and under treated which can impact the quality of life. Knowledge regarding ADHD characteristics, epilepsy-related risk factors, and associations with specific types of epilepsy provide a base for assessment. Epilepsy-related variables have not consistently predicted ADHD status, so screening and assessment for ADHD in children with epilepsy should be systematic and broad. Different assessment tools and techniques can be helpful including rating scales, diagnostic interviews, and neuropsychological testing. Treatment of ADHD with methylphenidate has been found to be safe and effective including in populations with uncontrolled seizures and coexisting intellectual disability. There are limited data on other medication and behavioral treatments. To improve assessment, diagnosis and treatment, medical provider knowledge, and practices, as well as family barriers to behavioral health should be targeted.
Porosity optimization of rare-earth oxide emitters for thermophotovoltaics
Authors: Shibuya Taizo , Sumino Masayoshi , Kagami Sota , Manako Takashi , Shibuya Akinobu
Published: December 2018

Porous rare-earth oxides are promising emitters for thermophotovoltaic generation because rare-earth ions exhibit narrow-band thermal emissions in a photovoltaic-convertible wavelength range and the pores scatter light of unwanted wavelengths. However, the effects of pores on the emitter performance have not been studied well due to the complexity. In this letter, we reveal the effects by analyzing the thermal emission spectra of garnet (Yb3Ga5O12) emitters by using a Kubelka-Munk-(KM) like two-flux model. The model incorporates the effects of pores as dependences on porosity of the absorption and scattering coefficients of the emitters. The absorption and scattering coefficients are determined uniquely by fitting the model to the experimental results with the help of the KM transform. We demonstrate that the emitter performance can be maximized by optimizing the porosity.
Cavitation clouds in gas-containing liquids block low-frequency components of ultrasonic waves
Authors: Yuan Yue , Miao Boya , An Yu
Published: December 2018

Intense single-frequency ultrasonic waves generate cavitation clouds in liquids, while at the same time, the pulsating cavitation bubbles emit broadband noise. In gas-containing liquids such as soda and beer, an ultrasonic source with a driving frequency of 20 kHz is shown to easily stimulate the formation of dense cavitation clouds and large cavitation bubbles in experiments. The acoustic signal is acquired at the boundary (opposite the ultrasonic source) just outside the cavitation cloud. Analysis of this signal using the fast Fourier transform reveals a gap in the acoustic spectrum at low frequencies, which means that the low-frequency acoustic waves cannot penetrate the cavitation area. However, these low-frequency waves can be detected in the cavitation cloud, which means that they are localized there. Through a linear analysis of a nonlinear equation for soundwave propagation in bubbly liquids, we can interpret the localization observed in the experiments. When soundwave frequencies are close to the resonance frequency, the absorption is strong and the corresponding frequencies form a forbidden band in the frequency spectrum unless the void fraction of the bubbles is too small. The intense ultrasonic wave that we applied in the experiment is of a frequency that is slightly smaller than the resonance frequency and can penetrate the cavitation cloud with some attenuation, driving the bubbles to pulsate violently. In this case, noise with frequencies in the forbidden band radiated by nonlinearly oscillating bubbles cannot penetrate the cavitation cloud and can only exist around local bubbles.
Optimum chirp for efficient terahertz generation from two-color femtosecond pulses in air
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Panov N. , Andreeva V. , Zhang Zhelin , Slepkov A. , Shipilo D. , Thomson M. D. , Wang Tie-Jun , Babushkin I. , Demircan A. , Morgner U. , Chen Yanping , Kosareva O. , Savel'ev A.
Published: December 2018

We compare detailed spatio-temporal propagation simulations with experiments on generation of terahertz (THz) pulses in single filaments with two-color optical excitation, which elucidates the mechanism whereby positively chirped optical pulses lead to the maximum THz yield. The long-wavelength components in the leading edge of the positively chirped 2ω-pulse preserve the overlap with the ω-pulse. The THz yield is extremely sensitive to the temporal overlap: for a 35-fs ω-pulse, the yield decreases by an order of magnitude upon a ω–2ω pulse shift of only 5 fs.
Note: Carbon fiber composite arrow shaft as cryogenic structural support material
Authors: Plesha C. E. , Tonita E. M. , Kycia J. B.
Published: December 2018

The thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, and bending stiffness of a carbon fiber archery arrow shaft were measured in order to determine if it would be a good material to use as a structural support in a cryogenic environment. It shows promise because of its thin cross section and structural rigidity. The thermal conductivity of the material was measured from 0.1 K to 1 K to be κ(T)=8.8 × 10−5 T1.54Wcm K, which is on the order of other thermal insulating materials used at cryogenic temperatures. The electrical resistivity is 0.044 Ω cm at 0.2 K, and the bending stiffness is 243 N m2 at room temperature. The shafts were machined to reduce overall thermal conductance. The reduction in thermal resistivity was calculated, and the change in stiffness was measured after shafts were machined. The shafts were used to form a support structure for an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator. The heat load was then calculated. The carbon fiber arrow shaft provides an outstanding, thermal insulating support structure.
First principles study of hole transport properties in amorphous polyethylene: Effect of bromine doping
Authors: Sato Masahiro , Kumada Akiko , Hidaka Kunihiko
Published: December 2018

The effect of bromine (Br2) doping on the hole transfer properties in amorphous polyethylene (PE) oligomer is studied by utilizing a multi-scale computational approach without adopting any empirical models. The computational method comprises molecular dynamics simulations, quantum chemical calculations, and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. The electronic structure of the Br2/PE oligomer cluster and the ionization energies of Br2 and PE oligomer showed that no impurity states are introduced in the HOMO-LUMO gap of PE oligomers upon Br2 doping, i.e., holes tend to hop between PE oligomers instead of residing in Br2. Nevertheless, owing to the increase of electronic couplings between PE oligomers due to the occupied states of Br2, the hole mobility is increased by an order of magnitude with Br2 doping. In addition, the hole mobility activation energy was decreased upon Br2 doping, even though the activation energies of hole hopping rates remain the same. The computational results are consistent with experimental observations in literature and imply that the hole mobility in PE is increased by the bridge mediated hole transfer.
Intrinsic dust dynamics and temporal correlation with plasma parameters in experimental advanced superconducting tokamak
Authors: Sarkar Sanjib , Ding Rui , Yang Jianhua , Xie Hai , Wang Baoguo , Chen Junling
Published: December 2018

The intrinsic dust dynamics for different discharge conditions and temporal correlation of dust events with plasma parameters have been first studied using a fast camera in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. Dissimilarities in dust dynamics have been observed with dust coming out from upper tungsten and lower graphite divertors. Specific features like dust production at hotspot and dust ablation have been reported. It has been observed that in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies heating pulse duration dust events were significantly lower in both disruptive and non-disruptive discharges with combination of other auxiliary heating powers. The temporal correlation of dust events with plasma parameters in disruptive discharges preceded by vertical displacement events revealed the causality link between the dust release and disruptions. The detailed analysis of the dust rate in disruptive discharges has been presented.
Experimental investigation of surface morphology of a chemical vapor deposition-grown graphene monolayer mediating with a gap-plasmonic system and the related ripple shape study
Authors: Park Won-Hwa , Kim Minjung , Choo Jaebum , Cheong Hyeonsik
Published: December 2018

We report a method to characterize z-directional surface roughness of chemical vapor deposition-grown graphene monolayers with the aid of surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectral signatures of “out-of-plane” phonon modes observed at Au nanoparticle (NP)–graphene–Au thin film junctions. This method reveals that intensities of the out-of-plane mode (Radial Breathing Like Mode) are strongly correlated with the Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) of the de-convoluted 2D peak. On the basis of our findings, in-plane 2D peak shape can be used as a straightforward, quantitative indicator in estimating surface roughness of graphene without loading Au NPs by calculating the FWHM [2D−]/FWHM [2D+] value. Furthermore, we examine the different ripple (RP) shapes on graphene by employing atomic force microscopy-correlated Raman microscopy to identify “threading” and “surrounded” RP types for further investigation on the relationship between spectral features and structural aspects. Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM)-based investigation further substantiates that threading-type RPs in graphene show higher EFM amplitude, indicating that the threading domains tend to be more neutral with a few more sp3 type defects than the surroundings.
Getting to know gallium oxide, a promising material for electronics
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: December 2018

β-Ga 2 O 3  thin film deposition study finds novel crystal orientation and employs method to speed growth.
The biophysical and biochemical requirements of bioinks for cardiac tissue bioprinting
Authors: Cockbill Louisa
Published: December 2018

The stringent requirements of the cardiovascular tissue microenvironment are described with the aim to advance the development of bioprinting such tissues.