bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Programa Médicos pelo Brasil: mérito e equidade
Authors: Wollmann Lucas , Pereira D'Avila Otávio , Harzheim Erno
Published: March 2020

O Programa Médicos pelo Brasil (PMPB) foi lançado em 2019 pelo Ministério da Saúde com objetivo de ampliar a oferta de serviços médicos em locais de difícil provimento ou alta vulnerabilidade. As principais mudanças propostas no PMPB são: obrigatoriedade de registro no Conselho Federal de Medicina; alocação de vagas com prioridade para as pequenas e distantes cidades, contratação dos profissionais via CLT e formação qualificada em Medicina de Família e Comunidade (MFC), permitindo a titulação dos médicos após dois anos. Com essas mudanças, espera-se um aprofundamento na interiorização dos profissionais, com possibilidade efetiva de fixação, além da formação em larga escala de MFCs. A formação através da residência também será impulsionada, com incentivo financeiro municipal para esse fim, em consonância com as ações do novo financiamento federal da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), o Programa Previne Brasil. O PMPB será executado pela Agência para o Desenvolvimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde (Adaps), um modelo inovador de gestão pública, que trará eficiência ao programa. Com essas características, o PMPB pretende oferecer um solução perene para a oferta de serviços médicos no âmbito da APS do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Online Analytical Processing em Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem da Educação a Distância
Authors: Freitas Charles , Gouveia Roberta , Silva Adenilton
Published: March 2020

Este artigo apresenta o processo Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) aplicado no contexto da Educação a Distância (EaD) e dos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem. O objetivo consiste em aplicar o processo KDD para traçar o perfil da EaD no Brasil e efetuar uma análise acurada dos cursos realizados em ambientes e-learning, bem como revelar os principais desafios da área. A metodologia consiste em coletar dados abertos governamentais de alta granularidade dos sistemas Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB) e e-MEC, em seguida aplicar o processo ETL, organizar e integrar os dados em um Data Warehouse e aplicar as tecnologias OLAP, visando obter uma visão contextualizada e realista da modalidade a distância no âmbito nacional.
Application of Gold Nanorods for Photothermal Therapy
Authors: LIU Chuanzhi , GONG Ping , LIANG Yuping , WANG Zuobin , WANG Li
Published: March 2020

Photothermal therapy is a treatment method which used a material with a high conversion efficiency of field or biological synthetic material, using target recognition technology gathered near the cancer tissues after injected into human bodies, with near-infrared convert light energy into heat energy to kill cancer. Here reported the biocompatible use of gold nanorods(GRNs) as probes for cancer targeting in vitro. More specifically, this paper demonstrated a progressive synthesis approach in fabricating water-dispersible gold nanorods. These nanorods were prepared by replacing cetyltrimethylammonium bromide with a mixture of 15-polypeptide(15P) molecules, such that a variety of cell viability assays did not reveal any signals of toxicity in the treated cells. The samples size was estimated to be 70-80 nm; Dynamic light scattering reveals that the cores of the gold nanorods are protected from the outside environment by the 15-polypeptide. Photothermal treatment indicated that 15P-GNRs can stain tumor growth and devoted the pivotal steps in promoting of the use of ternary GNRs as a tumor targeting, more importantly, these results suggest that 15P-GNRs can serve as biocompatible synthetic material and multimodal platform for various bio-applications and the micelle-encapsulated nanoparticles formulation was able to target the tumor site directly. On the other hand, Photothermal therapy has great effect in killing cancer cell with near-infrared.
Preparation of Zirconium Carbide-Zirconium Silicide Composite Powders by Solid Reaction of Zr and SiC Powders
Authors: CHEN Yingxin , WU Shoujun , MA Shaojun , ZHAO Xiao , CAO Baowei
Published: March 2020

In the present work, zirconium carbide-zirconium silicide composite powders were prepared by solid reaction using Zr and SiC powders as reactants. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that, after treatment at 800 ºC, the produced zirconium carbide-zirconium silicide diffusion layer was very thin and mainly consisted of ZrC and ZrSi2. After treatment above 900 ºC, the produced phases were mainly consisted of ZrC and ZrSi2, plus less ZrSi.
Research Progress of Biodegradable Polyester Polyols Based on Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclohexene Carbonate
Authors: WANG Xuemei , GUI Xiang , QI Yingping , SHEN Yongfeng , LI Hua
Published: March 2020

The polycarbonate polyols(PCD) obtained by ring-opening polymerization of a general cyclic monomer is mostly a linear flexible structure, which is used as a raw material to synthesize polyurethanes, and it is difficult to simultaneously ensure good thermal-mechanical properties and weather resistance due to insufficient rigidity of the main chain. However, PCD based on ring-opening polymerization of cyclohexene carbonate (CHC), endowing with polyurethanes good mechanical properties, weather ability and biological stability because of the rigid structure of six-membered aliphatic rings in the main chain. Therefore, in this paper, the method and principle of preparing new polycarbonate polyols based on ring-opening polymerization of cyclohexene carbonate (CHC) are introduced. And the problems and countermeasures in its development and its application in polyurethane materials are discussed.
Evolution and Evaluation of Duplex Grain of As-cast 30Cr2Ni4MoV Steel during Heat Treatment
Authors: ZHANG Xiuzhi , LIU Zhilong , LIU Jiansheng , DANG Shue
Published: March 2020

As the main microstructure flaw of heavy forging, duplex grain (the grain size is non-uniform) may result in producing a reject. In this paper, the influences of heat treatment temperature and isothermal holding time on the duplex grains evolutions of as-cast 30Cr2Ni4MoV steel were studied using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope aided with XRD and EDS. It is shown that the globular austenite grains appear at 750 °C and the austenite grains in the regions rich in C, Cr, Ni, and Mo are smaller than that in other regions. Duplex grains appear in the heating process. Moreover, in the isothermal heat treatment process, grains with different grain size number also developed at all of the temperatures performed in the study. But the distribution of the grains with different sizes cannot be evaluated precisely using proper method commonly used now. On the basis of analysis of the sizes of the duplex grains, a new approach for evaluating the level of the mixture of different size grains was proposed, the result obtained are consistent with the experimental results. The microstructure of 30Cr2Ni4MoV could be more uniform by increasing the temperature and extending the heat-preservation time.
Tourmaline Nanoparticles Doped Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Nanofibers
Authors: VATANSEVER BAYRAMOL Derman , AGIRGAN Ahmet Ozgur , YILDIZ Aylin
Published: March 2020

The aim of this work is to produce tourmaline (TM) doped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nano-composite fibers. TM-containing PVDF nanofibers were produced via a horizontally located electrospinning unit. N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and acetone were used as solvents. The amount of PVDF or PVDF/TM in the polymer solution was 20 wt.%. PVDF was dissolved in DMF in presence of heat by using a magnetic stirrer while TM powder was dispersed in Acetone in absence of heat by using an ultrasonic stirrer. These two solutions were then mixed for TM/PVDF nanocomposite fiber production. Pristine PVDF nanofibers were also electrospun as control samples. Produced nano-surfaces were analyzed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Voltage generation capacities were investigated by recording the voltage outputs of samples under an applied rotational impact. The peak voltage produced by the TM doped PVDF nanocomposite fibers was higher than the PVDF nanofibers.
Low-pickle Processing of Leather: Assessment of Leather Tanning Quality by Methods of Thermal Analysis
Authors: VALEIKA Virgilijus
Published: March 2020

Pelt obtained by deliming with peracetic acid can be chromed after additional treatment with sodium chloride or oxalic acid solution, or directly tanned using synthetic tannins. The results of differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analyses have suggested that any tanning increases thermal stability of leather collagen. The produced chrome-free leather, despite its high tensile strength, is not characterized by high shrinkage temperature what indicates insufficient thermal stability of such leather. This fact contradicts the results of differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analyses results which show the high thermal stability of the chrome-free leather. It has been concluded that scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analyses are not sufficient for the appropriate assessment of leather obtained by the methods of various tanning, and the conclusions about changes in leather structure and quality of leather can not be drawn only upon results of the mentioned analyses.
Gadamer’s “Practice” of Theoria
Authors: Konchak William ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2020

This paper explores the Greek conception of theoria, Gadamer’s interpretation of it, and how he applies it to his own hermeneutics. In particular, the transition that Gadamer makes from traditional metaphysical perspectives of theoria in ancient thought towards the activity of theoria within human life is explored, and the role that his aesthetics plays in this process. The importance of the intertwining of theory and practice for Gadamer is considered and what the practice of theoria may consist in. It is suggested that Gadamer’s approach, which emphasizes heightened experiences of interconnection to promote self-transformation, is a productive transformation of theoria relevant to contemporary points of view.
Cuando el derecho a fugarse subvierte el neo-orientalismo
Authors: Barbero Iker
Published: March 2020

Este artículo es una investigación a través de la Teoría de los Actos de Ciudadanía que subvierten discursos y estrategias neo-orientalistas de control de la inmigración. Concretamente se centra en los procesos de resistencia de varios grupos de inmigrantes surasiáticos que fueron confinados durante años en Centros de Estancia Temporal para Inmigrantes en Ceuta y Melilla, dos enclaves fronterizos españoles (europeos) donde los derechos humanos pueden quedar en suspenso. Para evitar ser deportados, optaron por fugarse de los CETI sin ser conscientes de que su lucha derivaría una serie de acciones y movimientos de solidaridad por el derecho a ser transferidos al continente europeo e impedir su deportación solo en Ceuta y Melilla, sino también en otras orillas del Mediterráneo. Empleando diferentes fuentes de información, se ha empleado la técnica de “escribir un acto de ciudadanía” de Engin Isin para capturar actos que quedarían ocultos bajo teorías dominantes de ciudadanía formal. El día en que escaparon fue el día en que dejaron de ser víctimas del régimen neo-orientalista de fronteras, y se convirtieron en ciudadanos activistas por el derecho a la libre movilidad humana.This article is an investigation through the Theory of Acts of Citizenship that subvert neo-orientalist discourses and strategies. Specifically, it focuses on the resistance processes of several groups of South Asian immigrants confined for years in Temporary Stay Centers for Immigrants in Ceuta and Melilla, two Spanish (European) border enclaves where rights are suspended. To avoid being deported, they chose to run away from the CETI without being aware that their struggle would lead to a series of solidarity actions and movements for the right to be transferred to the European continent and prevent their deportation only in Ceuta and Melilla, but also on other shores of the Mediterranean. Using different sources of information, I have chosen Egin Isin´s tool of “writing an act of citizenship” to capture acts that would remain uncovered under the gaze of formal citizenship. The day they escaped was the day they stopped being victims of the neo-Orientalist border regime, and became activist citizens for the right to move.
Abuso del empleo público temporal: Respuestas administrativas y jurisdiccionales
Authors: González López Juan José
Published: March 2020

En el presente trabajo se aborda una problemática de larga trayectoria en el empleo público (el abuso del empleo temporal) que se ha agudizado en los últimos tiempos como consecuencia de la crisis económica. Concretamente se examinan las diversas respuestas que se han ofrecido tanto por las entidades públicas empleadoras como por los Juzgados y Tribunales de los órdenes jurisdiccionales que conocen de las pretensiones formuladas por las dos grandes categorías de personal al servicio de las Administraciones Públicas (funcionarios y trabajadores en régimen laboral). Finalmente se realiza un análisis crítico de las principales fórmulas articuladas como reacción a la problemática expuesta, con opción razonada por aquella que se considera más adecuada.This paper deals with a long-standing problem in public employment (the abuse of temporary employment) that has wors-ened in recent times as a result of the economic crisis. Specifically, it examines the various responses that have been offered both by public employers and by the Courts and Tribunals of jurisdictional orders that hear the claims made by the two large categories of personnel at the service of Public Administrations (officials and workers in labor regime). Finally, a critical analysis of the main formulas articulated as a reaction to the exposed problem is made, with a reasoned option for the one considered most appropriate.
La inteligencia artificial en el proceso penal español: un analisis de su admisibilidad sobre la base de los derechos fundamentales implicados
Authors: De Miguel Beriain Iñigo , Pérez Estrada Miren Josune
Published: March 2020

En julio de 2016, el Tribunal Supremo de Wisconsin emitió una sentencia llamada a pasar a la historia. Por primera un tribunal de esa categoría utilizaba un algoritmo inteligente graduar la sanción a un reo. Se abría así una nueva era en la que los juristas tendremos que empezar a discutir sobre los cambios que introducirá esta impactante tecnología en nuestro modo de conformar el Derecho. Este artículo pretende contribuir a esta apasionante tarea acometiendo una discusión absolutamente trascendental al respecto: la constitucionalidad o no del uso de mecanismos relacionados con la inteligencia artificial en el proceso penal. Con tal fin, haremos especial hincapié en la importancia del derecho a un proceso con todas las garantías, y en las implicaciones que el respeto a dicho precepto contiene para la materia que nos ocupa. In July 2016, the Wisconsin Supreme Court issued a ruling that is set to become history. For the first time a court of such importance used an intelligent algorithm to grade a defendant punishment. This opened a new era in which we, the jurists, will have to begin to discuss the changes that this impressive technology will introduce in our way of shaping the Law. This article aims to contribute to this exciting task by undertaking an absolutely transcendental discussion on a key topic: the constitutionality of the use of mechanisms related to artificial intelligence in criminal procedure. To this purpose, we will emphasize the importance of the right to due process and the implications that the respect of this provision implies for the issue at stake.
La participacion de filiales aseguradoras en la comercialización de prestamos hipotecarios: extensión de posición dominante al mercado de seguros español
Authors: Soria Bastida Juan Pablo
Published: March 2020

Las entidades de crédito llevan décadas anudando contratos de préstamo hipotecario con contratos de seguro producidos por sus propias filiales aseguradoras. La distribución de estos seguros en el mercado de banca minorista ha sido masiva, contribuyendo al crecimiento exponencial del canal banca-seguros y al aprovechamiento de las redes bancarias. En este trabajo se examinan, desde nuestro sistema de libre competencia, las condiciones de competencia surgidas a través de la práctica de vinculación y sus repercusiones frente al resto de operadores del sector del seguro. For decades, loan institutions have been tying mortgage loan contracts with insurance contracts produced by their own insurance subsidiaries. The distribution of these insurances in the retail banking market has been massive, contributing to the exponential growth of the bancassurance channel and the use of banking networks. This paper examines, from our system of free competition, the conditions of competition arising through the tying practice and its repercussions in relation to the rest of the insurance sector operators.
La solución europea a la crisismigratoria: “análisis de los mecanismos de prevención y gestión de crisis migratorias”
Authors: De Toro Mezquita Isaac
Published: March 2020

La crisis migratoria llevó la migración a la agenda política y puso de manifiesto las debilidades de la Unión Europea, de FRONTEX y de los Estados Miembros en los mecanismos de gestión de las fronteras exteriores. En el año 2015 se detectaron más de 1.5 millones de cruces fronterizos ilegales en las fronteras exteriores, lo que representó un pico histórico de llegadas, siendo Turquía uno de los principales puntos de entrada, con alrededor de 800.000 migrantes irregulares y de nacionalidad siria mas de 500.0003. Con el fin de frenar el flujo migratorio irregular la Unión Europea llegó a un acuerdo con Turquía consiguiendo una drástica disminución de las entradas en Europa. Sin embargo, el número de llegadas está creciendo de nuevo y, aunque la situación no puede compararse con la del año 2015, la tendencia al alza se está consolidando. Esta situación se agrava con el inicio de la ofensiva militar turca contra los kurdos en Siria y por la amenaza del presidente Recep Tayyip Erdoğan que de romper el acuerdo con la Unión Europea y dejar entrar irregularmente mas de 3.6 millones de personas. La prioridad europea para solucionar la crisis migratoria se ha centrado en la estabilización con medidas ad hoc en lugar de una planificación a largo plazo. The migrant crisis brought migration to the political agenda and exposed the weaknesses of the European Unión, FRONTEX and Member States in the border management mechanisms. In 2015 more than 1.5 million illegal border crossings were detected at external borders, representing an all-time peak of arrivals, with Turkey being one of the main entry points, with around 800,000 irregular migrants, and more than 500,000 Syrian nationals. The European Union reached an agreement with Turkey to end to the irregular migration flow, resulting in a decrease in irregular entries into Europe. However, the number of arrivals is growing again and, although the situation cannot be compared to that of 2015, the upward trend is consolidating. This situation is aggravated by the start of the Turkish military offensive against the Kurds in Syria and by President Erdoğan Recep Tayyip’s threat to break the agreement with the EU and irregularly let in more than 3.6 million people. The European priority for solving the migration crisis has focused on stabilization with ad hoc measures rather than long-term planning.
Reseña de: Moreno Mendoza, Alfredo, Casa Editorial Mexicana, Iusliteratus, Mexico, 2017, 232 págs.
Authors: Muñoz Delgado Carmen
Published: March 2020

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User Experience with a New Public Interface for an Integrated Library System
Authors: Blessinger Kelly , Comeaux David
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study was to understand the viewpoints and attitudes of researchers at Louisiana State University toward the new public search interface from SirsiDynix, Enterprise. Fifteen university constituents participated in user studies to provide feedback while completing common research tasks. Particularly of interest to the librarian observers were identifying and characterizing where problems were expressed by the participants as they utilized the new interface. This study was approached within the framework of the cognitive load theory and user experience (UX). Problems that were discovered are discussed along with remedies, in addition to areas for further study.
Evaluation of Thermal Variations of Irrigation on the Osseointegration of Dental Implants: An In vivo Study in Rabbit Models.
Authors: YILMAZ Doğukan , Furuncuoğlu Halit , VAROL Osman , AKIN Hakan
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Thermal trauma during implant surgery limits the proper healing process. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different irrigation temperatures during implant surgery on the osseointegration of dental implants.
Materials and Methods: Eight adult male New Zealand white rabbits were used in this study. Total of 32 implants were inserted in each tibia of each rabbit’s rear legs. Rabbits were randomly divided according to different irrigation procedures applied (37°C, 24°C, 10°C, and 1°C). Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) was performed following to implant surgery, 1th week, 2nd week, 3rd week, and 1th month. In addition, removal torque values (RTVs) were measured from sacrificed tibias at the end of 30 days.
Results: No significant difference in implant stability quotient (ISQ) was detected between groups from the first measurement to 5th measurement. However, there was a statistically significant difference in RTVs between 1°C and 37°C, and 1°C and 10°C (p=0.024 and p=0.013, respectively).
Conclusion: Different irrigation temperatures during implant surgery were not effective on the primary and secondary stability values of dental implants in rabbit models.
The Relationship Between the Mandibular Bone Quality Assessed by Digital Panoramic Radiography and Serum Biological Parameters in Patients Planning Dental Implant Surgery
Authors: ORHAN Kaan , ÖZEMRE Mehmet , NİŞANCI YILMAZ Mediha Nur , KÖSEOĞLU SEÇGİN Cansu , BULUT Prof. Dr. Şule
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone density of the implant site with panoramic radiomorphometric indices [mandibular cortical index (MCI), mental index (MI)] and to investigate the relationship between bone density and vitamin D, HDL, LDL.
Materials and method: Forty patients with mandibular first molar or second molar tooth deficiency who underwent implant surgery planning were included. Blood samples and panoramic MCI and MI were used to evaluate mandibular bone density.
Results: There was a significant weak positive correlation between MI and Vitamin D and LDL (r = 0.329, p = 0.038; r = 0.341, p = 0.031). Vitamin D, LDL and HDL measurements were not statistically different between MCI groups (p=0.100, p=0.119, p=0.840, respectively).
Conclusions: Vitamin D may be important in addition to radiographic and clinical parameters, and patients should be evaluated in this respect. Further studies are needed to include more patients investigating the relationship between vitamin D and bone quality.
Keywords: dental implants, bone remodeling, vitamin D, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol

Özet
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, panoramik radyomorfometrik indeksler [mandibular kortikal indeks (MKI), mental indeks (MI)] kullanılarak implant bölgelerinde kemik densitesini değerlendirmek ve kemik densitesi ile D vitamini, HDL ve LDL arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya mandibular birinci molar veya ikinci molar diş eksikliği olup implant cerrahisi planlanan 40 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Mandibular kemik densitesini değerlendirmek için kan örnekleri ve panoramik MKI ve MI kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: MI ile D vitamini ve LDL arasında anlamlı zayıf pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur (r = 0.329, p = 0.038; r = 0.341, p = 0.031). MKI grupları arasında D vitamini, LDL ve HDL değerleri bakımından istatistiksel olarak fark bulunamamıştır (sırasıyla p = 0.100, p = 0.119, p = 0.840).
Sonuçlar: D vitamini klinik ve radyolojik parametrelere ek olarak önemli bir faktör olabilmektedir ve hastalar bu açıdan değerlendirilmelidir. D vitamini ile kemik kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi araştıran daha çok sayıda hastanın dahil edildiği çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: diş implantları, kemiğin yeniden şekillendirilmesi, vitamin D, HDL kolesterol, LDL kolesterol
Cine al calor del reconocimiento
Authors: Gurpegui Vidal Carlos
Published: March 2020

Nuestro cine es insospechado. Arrancó el año con la noticia que Alejandro Amenábar rodará esta primavera un film sobre la Guerra Civil y su memoria histórica, aquí y en castellano, algo que no hacía desde Mar Adentro (2004). Vuelve, por tanto, uno de los dos temas clásicos que se suponen al cine español: el conflicto entre las dos Españas. El otro es la comedia, no solo madrileña.
Contra el sentido común
Authors: Roig Antoni
Published: March 2020

Conocidos acontecimientos recientes en la esfera política, cultural y judicial relacionados con la libertad de expresión y la (auto) censura, aunque también otros menos comentados en los medios, me han llevado a querer cuestionar la noción ampliamente aceptada, pero profundamente problemática de "sentido común" tal y como se utiliza en la actualidad.
Flying an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: Key Factors for Risk Management
Authors: Ribaric Boris , Vasiljevic Dragan , Vasiljevic Juliana
Published: March 2020

Only theoretical training of drone operators is not sufficient for safe integration and use of drone aircraft both in controlled and uncontrolled air space.Based on research and analysis of incidents caused by the use of drone aircraft during 2018. The global level can conclude that most of the incidents have been performed because of unskilled handling of drones, even though the persons who managed them were theoretically trained and possessed of drone management licenses.Purpose – for the purpose of mitigation of the risk of adverse effects of human and material resources in the work, the analysis of the Drone management.Design/methodology/approach – decision on which of the following key factors for risk assessment achieves the greatest impact on the safe handling of drone aircraft has been carried out by using the methods of analytical hierarchical processes, i.e. “fuzzy”Expanded AHP method based on”fuzzy”triangular numbers.Findings – Based on the results of the research, it concludes that the alternative – “a terrorist and practical training for the safe handling of drone aircraft” is essential for the safe handling of drone aircraft in the second place The ranked alternative “the need for knowledge and skills of sports pilots” in third place is the ranked alternative “only practical training is needed,” in the fourth place the alternative is “only theoretical training is needed” and the fifth match is a ranked alternative “is not Theoretical or practical training. “Practical Implications – established frames to increase the security of flying drones through an obligatory theoretical and practical training of drone operators.Social Implications – reduced risks of occurrence of adverse effects on human and material resources.
Problem of Organized Transport for Employees with Physical Disabilities in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Milosevic Novak
Published: March 2020

Protection of the rights of persons with disabilities is one of the most delicate elements of socio-development, economic and above all social policy, which aims to remove negative consequences, both on the quality of life and work of these people, and members of their families. One of the key problems facing persons with disabilities in the Republic of Serbia is a (non)organized transportation. Therefore, it becomes more difficult to ignore members of this population while using the public transport capacities and the problems they face at the opportunity. The main goal of this paper is to point to the legal barriers that are present in the national legislation of the Republic of Serbia, which affects the long-lasting maintenance of this population’s high unemployment rate. The results of the research indicate a very small number of vehicles that are given to the use of people with disabilities in the Republic of Serbia, of which 1/3 owns the mechanical ramp, and 2/3 hydraulic ramp. Finally, the paper zoned the map of the Republic of Serbia, in order to indicate through the graphical representation of the (non)existence of transportation in certain parts of our country to persons who are immobile in the lower extremities.
Analysis of Contents of Calcium, Magnesium and Total Hardness in Water for Pharmaceutical Use
Authors: Đermanović Mirjana , Bojanić Ljubica , Vučić Biljana
Published: March 2020

Water is one of the most frequently used raw materials in pharmaceutical industry. Water for pharmaceutical purposes includes the two primary water types: purified water and water for injection. Drinking water used for obtaining purified water is not official in pharmacopoeia. Depending on quality prescribed for a certain product preparation, various water types and procedures have been used to prepare pharmaceutical industry water. Possible ways to obtain water for pharmaceutical purposes are: reverse osmosis, demineralization, electrodeionization, ultrafiltration, distillation. Reasons for the widespread use of water lie in the facts that it is capable of dissolving a great number of therapeutic substances, compatible with a large number of substances, appropriate to be used from a physiological aspect given that it is an integral part of the cell and the major component of body fluids and whenever the drug is administered in the form of an aqueous solution, reabsorption is rapid and complete, it also has suitable physical-chemical properties. In this study, analysis results of 15 samples of water were obtained using pharmacopoeial methods for pharmaceutical purposes. Results showed that 86.6% of water samples were accurate and 13.3% did not have appropriate calcium content, magnesium content and total hardness values.
The Importance of the Nurse as Part of a Multidisciplinary Team in Care of Children With Disabilities
Authors: Gračanin Andrea
Published: March 2020

Previously, the general opinion was that the nurse was only in charge of patient care, but research to date has shown that the scope of work of a nurse is extremely complex and therefore, it occupies an important place in the treatment and care of them.Multidisciplinary teamwork has contributed to more effective treatment, better disease outcomes, shorter hospital stay, prevention of complications and a better quality of life. This way of working, besides the child itself, emphasizes the whole family, which makes it possible active involvement of parents through all stages of treatment, rehabilitation, professional therapy and support. Through this research, parents and caregivers of children with disabilities have acknowledged the involvement of the nurse as an important role, that she is an integral part of the care team for atypical children, that the scope of her work responsibilities and daily activities contribute to improving the quality of care, communication and social care as well as integration. The survey instrument was an anonymous questionnaire, and the obtained data were compared using Fisher’s exact test and Chi-square tests to examine whether there was statistical significance.The results change the awareness of the work, roles and importance of the work of the nurse with children with disabilities and emphasize active participation in all spheres of life of atypical children.
Cortical state transitions and stimulus response evolve along stiff and sloppy parameter dimensions, respectively
Authors: Ponce-Alvarez Adrian , Mochol Gabriela , Hermoso-Mendizabal Ainhoa , de la Rocha Jaime , Deco Gustavo
Published: March 2020

Previous research showed that spontaneous neuronal activity presents sloppiness: the collective behavior is strongly determined by a small number of parameter combinations, defined as ‘stiff’ dimensions, while it is insensitive to many others (‘sloppy’ dimensions). Here, we analyzed neural population activity from the auditory cortex of anesthetized rats while the brain spontaneously transited through different synchronized and desynchronized states and intermittently received sensory inputs. We showed that cortical state transitions were determined by changes in stiff parameters associated with the activity of a core of neurons with low responses to stimuli and high centrality within the observed network. In contrast, stimulus-evoked responses evolved along sloppy dimensions associated with the activity of neurons with low centrality and displaying large ongoing and stimulus-evoked fluctuations without affecting the integrity of the network. Our results shed light on the interplay among stability, flexibility, and responsiveness of neuronal collective dynamics during intrinsic and induced activity.
Efecto clínico y metabólico de una intervención multidisciplinaria en el marco de un programa de atención integral para niños y adolescentes con obesidad
Authors: Zuluaga Nora Alejandra , Osorno Adriana , Lozano Alba , Villada Oscar
Published: March 2020

Introducción. La obesidad infantil requiere una atención con programas multidisciplinarios que integren todas sus dimensiones.Objetivo. Describir los cambios clínicos y metabólicos en pacientes con obesidad después de su participación en un programa de atención integral en obesidad infantil.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio observacional y analítico retrospectivo de una cohorte de pacientes de 6 a 17 años de edad atendidos en el programa de obesidad del Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación (2012-2015), el cual incluyó la atención multidisciplinaria y una intervención educativa. Se evaluaron variables antropométricas y de laboratorio en el momento del ingreso al programa y en la última evaluación. Se exploraron las diferencias según el tiempo de seguimiento.Resultados. Se evaluaron 53 pacientes con una edad promedio de 11 ± 2 años, 52,8 % de los cuales eran hombres. El seguimiento de los pacientes fue de 18 ± 6 meses, aunque en el 30 % de ellos fue de 31 a 36 meses. Se encontró una disminución del índice de masa corporal (IMC; puntaje Z) entre el ingreso (2,75 ± 0,58) y el último control (2,32 ± 0,63) con un valor de p de 0,000 (IC95% 0,27-0,58). El 79,25 % de los pacientes redujo el puntaje Z del IMC. Esta disminución fue significativa independientemente del tiempo de seguimiento. La proporción de pacientes con un puntaje Z del IMC mayor de 3 pasó del 33,4 al 14,6 %. El número de criterios positivos para el síndrome metabólico disminuyó en el seguimiento. Los niveles de triglicéridos y de hemoglobina 'glicada' o 'glicosilada' (HbA1c) mejoraron significativamente.Conclusiones. El manejo de la obesidad infantil con una intervención multidisciplinaria asociada a apoyo educativo grupal continuo puede influir significativamente en los cambios clínicos y metabólicos. Es necesario prolongar el tiempo de seguimiento para prevenir las recaídas.
Análisis cuantitativo de la expresión de genes de resistencia a fluconazol en cepas de Candida albicans aisladas al ingreso de adultos mayores a una unidad de cuidados intensivos de Manizales, Colombia
Authors: Rojas Ana Elisa , Pérez Jorge Enrique , Hernández Johan Sebastián , Zapata Yuliana
Published: March 2020

Introducción. Las infecciones oportunistas asociadas con Candida albicans han tenido gran repercusión en la salud pública por la mortalidad que generan en determinados grupos poblacionales. Aunque existen tratamientos farmacológicos disponibles, es evidente el aumento de la resistencia desarrollada por el agente patógeno, por lo que la determinación de los mecanismos de resistencia de las cepas presentes en las áreas hospitalarias es importante, ya que permitiría plantear mejores esquemas de tratamiento.Objetivo. Analizar la expresión de los genes ERG11, CDR1 y MDR1 en cepas de C. albicans aisladas de adultos mayores a su ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Santa Sofía de Manizales, Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Se seleccionaron 29 muestras (21 resistentes y 8 sensibles) y se conformaron dos grupos de trabajo, uno de muestras con exposición al fluconazol y el otro sin esta. El ARN extraído se cuantificó mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa en tiempo real (RT-qPCR).Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la expresión del gen MDR1 en el grupo de cepas de C. albicans resistentes. Dos de las cepas resistentes (104 y 62-2) expuestas al antifúngico presentaron valores muy elevados en la expresión de este gen. La expresión del ERG11 y del CDR1 no fue significativa en los grupos estudiados. Conclusión. El aumento de sobreexpresión del gen MDR1 indica que este puede ser el responsable de la resistencia; sin embargo, algunas cepas resistentes no sobreexpresaron los genes analizados, lo que indica que puede haber otros genes involucrados en la resistencia de las cepas estudiadas.
Heeding the psychological concerns of young cancer survivors: a single-arm feasibility trial of CBT and a cognitive behavioral conceptualization of distress
Authors: Hagström Josefin , Ander Malin , Cernvall Martin , Ljótsson Brjánn , Wiman Henrik W. , von Essen Louise , Woodford Joanne
Published: March 2020

Background

A subgroup of adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of cancer during adolescence report high levels of psychological distress. To date, evidence-based psychological interventions tailored to the cancer-related concerns experienced by this population are lacking. The present study aimed to (1) examine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an individualized cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention for AYA survivors of cancer during adolescence; and (2) identify and conceptualize cancer-related concerns as well as maintaining factors using cognitive-behavioral theory.

Methods

A single-arm trial, whereby AYA survivors of cancer during adolescence (aged 17–25 years) were provided individualized face-to-face CBT at a maximum of 15 sessions. Clinical outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and three-month follow-up. Intervention uptake, retention, intervention delivery, and reliable change index scores were examined. An embedded qualitative study consisted of two unstructured interviews with each participant pre-intervention. Along with individual behavioral case formulations developed to guide the intervention, interview data was analyzed to identify and conceptualize cancer-related concerns and potential maintaining factors.

Results

Ten out of 213 potential participants invited into the study were included, resulting in an overall participation rate of 4.7%. Nine participants completed the intervention, with respectively seven and eight participants completing the post-intervention and three month follow-up assessment. The majority of reported cancer-related concerns and maintaining factors were conceptualized into four themes: social avoidance, fear of emotions and bodily symptoms, imbalance in activity, and worry and rumination.

Conclusions

Given significant recruitment difficulties, further research is required to examine barriers to help-seeking in the AYA cancer survivor population. However, the conceptualization of cancer-related concerns and maintaining factors experienced by the population may represent an important first step in the development of psychological support tailored toward AYA cancer survivors’ unique needs.
The impact of pesticides used at the agricultural land of the Puck commune on the environment of the Puck Bay
Authors: Pazikowska-Sapota Grażyna , Galer-Tatarowicz Katarzyna , Dembska Grażyna , Wojtkiewicz Marta , Duljas Ewelina , Pietrzak Stefan , Dzierzbicka-Glowacka Lidia Anita
Published: March 2020

Background

The Puck commune is one of the largest agricultural regions in the Pomeranian Voivodship that due to the pollution of the coastal zone negatively affects the functioning of the Puck Bay, including health of its inhabitants, and causes decrease in tourism as well as in overall economic value of the region. The objective of the undertaken study was to assess the extent of risk to the environment posed by the pesticides used in agricultural production in the coastal area of the Puck commune.

Methods

The study focused on organochlorine insecticides (DDT and its metabolites: α, β, ϒ, δ-HCH, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, isodrine), glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA, and 309 active substances used as pesticides. Analyses were carried out using GC-MS, GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS techniques. The undertaken novel approach included “tracking” of a large number of substances in multiple environmental matrices (surface water, groundwater, seawater, soil, sediment and fish), along with examination of their transport routes from the pesticides application locality to the Puck Bay.

Results

Glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA, anthraquinone, boscalid, chlorpyrifos-ethyl, dimethachlor, diflufenican, difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, fluopicolide and metazachlor were found in soil samples and surface water samples collected from drainage ditches surrounding the studied agricultural plots. In the samples of seawater and fish taken from the Puck Bay no studied pesticides were found.
Management of Liquid Organic Waste from Palm Oil Plant and Compost Cow to the Growth and Production of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)
Authors: Hakim Tharmizi
Published: March 2020

The growth and production of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) are strongly influenced by good genetics and environmental factors, including how to cultivate the soil so that the availability of nutrients is quite balanced. The long-term goal of this research is to determine the effectiveness of a combination of palm oil mill effluent (LCPKS) and cow dung waste (LKTS) with EM4 bio-activator applied to sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt).

This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors with 12 treatment combinations and 3 replications to obtain 36 research plots. The factors studied are the formulation factor of a mixture of palm oil mill effluent with cow dung waste, which is denoted by (A) consisting of A1 = 70% palm oil mill waste and 30% cow dung, A2 = 50% effluent palm oil mill and 50% cow dung waste, A3 = 30% palm oil mill waste and 70% cow dung waste. The dose factor with the symbol (D) consists of, D0 = control, D1 = 1.5 kg per plot, D2 = 3 kg per plot, D3 = 4.5 kg per plot.

The parameters observed were plant height (cm), biomass samples (grams), sample production (grams) and plot production (kg). The results showed that different waste mix formulations and administration of different doses did not significantly influence plant height parameters because compost maturity must be assessed by measuring two or more compost parameters to prevent phytotoxicity. Therefore, quality assurance must be carried out on compost to determine the factors that cause phytotoxicity and also research must be intensified in determining lines that will be able to degrade waste faster, more efficiently and also produce non-toxic compost that mixes the soil produced in plant growth. In addition, care must be taken in selecting raw materials for composting. The results showed that the mixed waste formulations significantly affected the biomass of the sample, where the highest average was obtained in processing A3 (30% of palm oil mill waste and 70% of cow dung waste. The research results also showed that dosing had a very significant effect on biomass parameter sample, sample production and plot production where the highest average is in the D3 treatment (4.5 kg per plot).
Prevalence and Antibiogram of Gram-negative Bacteria Isolated from Well Water in Ula-Ubie Community, Ahoada West, Nigeria
Authors: Nrior R. R. , Okpokiri M. , Akani N. P.
Published: March 2020

Antibiotic resistance has become a great global problem. Thus, it has emerged as a public health challenge. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteria in well water was characterized with a view of determining the level of resistance in the environment. Fifty well water samples were collected from ten different points in Ula-Ubie community, Ahoda, Rivers State for a period of five months. Standard microbiological methods were used to analyse the population and types of bacteria in the water while methods recommended by the American Public Health Association (APHA) was used to determine the physicochemical parameters of the samples. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of the bacterial isolates was carried out using the disc diffusion methods. The total heterotrophic bacteria of the water samples ranged from 0.93±0.46 to 2.02±1.06 log10 CFU/ml. The coliform counts ranged from 0.45±0.42 - 2.55±2.33 log10 CFU/ml, respectively. Despite the variations in the counts of the different bacterial population, there was no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the different well water samples. The physicochemical parameters except the pH were all within the permissible limits. Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp, Serratia spp and Enterobacter spp were identified in the well water. The pH of the water stations ranged from 4.66 to 5.80. The temperature ranged from 24.0 to 24.7. The electrical conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, total hardness, alkalinity, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, nitrate, chloride, calcium and magnesium ranged from 22.9 – 219, 0.03-0.13, 4.50-4.90, 5.00-22.0, ˂0.01-3.00, ˂0.01, 49.6-84.5, 1.00-17.4, 3.00-24.5, 4.25-12.9 and 0,722-1.55 respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility profile showed that all the isolates were resistant to ceftazidime and augmentin, whereas Enterobacter spp were the most resistant bacteria amongst other bacterial genera to the antibiotics. Meanwhile there is an existence of multi-drug resistance. Thus, the wells could be considered not potable due to the presence of these bacterial isolates and the level of antibiotic resistant. Proper sanitation and cleanliness of well should be encouraged.
Reflection: Psychological Flow for Job-Seeking Adults with Autism
Authors: Kaufmann Daniel , Ferguson-Lucas Terri , Milliken Melissa
Published: March 2020

Challenges faced by people with autism often present complications with finding success across multiple settings, which can include the workplace. As three counselor educators who have worked with individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), we have identified this as a common issue for ASD individuals seeking employment. This can involve numerous difficulties, including the maintaining of a form of work, which can be experienced successfully by the individual over time. Recently, it has been identified that utilization of Vocational Rehabilitation services has a significantly positive impact on employability of ASD youth at various levels of development. As with most supportive services, Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) approaches dramatically benefit from strength-based strategies for securing the forms of situational improvements ideally suited for the individual being served. People with autism present an additional challenge in the limited scope of activities, which are interesting enough to form a reasonable expectation that repetition will occur in a manner required by many entry-level jobs. It is beneficial for such individuals to participate in a supportive environment, with a set of task expectations that fall in range of their specific skillset. Achieving a balance between an individual’s skillset and the presented challenge leads to a phenomenon of the person becoming captivated by a given activity during a subconscious connection called “psychological flow.” This reflection explores the potential efficacy of using the principle of psychological flow development within the workplace and other related life areas typically encountered by those seeking to overcome interpersonal obstacles while improving task-related skillsets.