bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"O Alienista", um conto dostoievskiano?
Authors: Schnaiderman Boris
Published: September 2016

O ensaio trata da proximidade entre Machado e Dostoiévski na crítica que ambos os escritores fizeram ao racionalismo extremado de seu tempo. A partir da análise de passagens do conto “O alienista”, o autor defende que Machado seja um dos escritores em que mais se sente o pulsar da história, embora o narrador do conto não se detenha nos fatos históricos, preocupado que está em expressar o grande problema da coexistência de razão e desvario
A forma shandiana: Laurence Sterne e Machado de Assis
Authors: Rouanet Sergio Paulo , Vasconcelos Sandra Guardini T.
Published: September 2016

O autor reexamina a questão das afinidades entre Machado de Assis e Laurence Sterne a partir do conceito de forma shandiana, caracterizada (1) pela hipertrofia da subjetividade, (2) pela fragmentação e digressividade do texto, 3) pelos paradoxos espácio-tem porais e (4) pela mescla do riso e da melancolia
"Ao vencido, ódio ou compaixão". Entre a desfaçatez e a diplomacia: a fidelidade à arte de Machado de Assis
Authors: Lebensztayn Leda
Published: September 2016

Instigada por imagens críticas sobre Machado de Assis e sua obra, busco os sentidos da desfaçatez de Brás Cubas e da diplomacia de Aires. A partir da aná­lise de um sonho do Conselheiro, em que se vê em meio a uma ciranda de crian­ças felizes, dedico-me a interpretar o Memorial de Aires. Interessa-me apreender como a construção do romance combina a representação crítica dos impasses da abolição da escravatura no Brasil com a expressão trágica de um “Eclesiastes moderno”. Configurando uma hermenêutica moral, entre a compreensão das necessidades egoístas e a compaixão pelos vencidos, revela a fidelidade de Machado de Assis à arte, forma única de vencer os limites da ordem social e da condição humana
Machado de Assis, leitor de Musset
Authors: Faria João Roberto
Published: September 2016

O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar e interpretar duas comédias de Machado de Assis — O caminho da porta (1862) e Lição de botânica (1905) — à luz do diálogo explícito que mantêm com a comédia Ilfaut qu une porte soit ouverte ou ferm ée, de Alfred de Musset. São explicitados os empréstimos e apropriações em diversos níveis: o do próprio gênero cômico escolhido — o provérbio dramático —, o da linguagem, o da criação dos personagens e situações dramáticas. Em outra ordem de considerações, algumas hipóteses explicativas foram formuladas para se compreender a opção estética de Machado pelo provérbio dramático, tanto na mocidade como na maturidade
Os intermúndios literários de Monteiro Lobato e Godofredo Rangel em A Barca de Gleyre
Authors: Bedê Ana Luiza Reis
Published: September 2016

As cartas de Monteiro Lobato a Godofredo Rangel, inseridas em A Barca de Gleyre, constituem uma biografia intelectual do autor de Urupês. Podem também ser lidas como espaço privilegiado de criação, pois trazem reflexões estéticas e críticas sobre obras nacionais e estrangeiras
As algaravias de Waly Salomão
Authors: Zular Roberto
Published: September 2016

Em Algaravias: câmara de ecos, Waly Salomão problematiza a rede de questões que emergiram da transformação do campo literário durante o processo de democratização e globalização daquele ainda recente final de século. Desde os “works in process” da década de 1970 (Me segura que eu vou dar um troço e os incríveis Babilaques) e a sua retomada na década seguinte (Gigolô de bibelôs e Armarinho de miudezas), constituiu a sua poética com um amálgama de ato, objeto e texto
Corpo mal-dito: considerações à margem da obra de Qorpo-Santo
Authors: Finazzi-Agrò Ettore
Published: September 2016

Lendo os textos de José Joaquim de Campos Leão, duas instâncias se apresentam como predominantes na sua escrita: por um lado, a urgência do testemunho e, pelo outro, a vontade de transgressão de qualquer gramática da representação. Balançando entre esses dois polos, Qorpo-Santo chega a nos dizer muito mais de que qualquer tratado histórico ou estudo sociológico sobre a sua condição de intelectual marginal e marginalizado e, mais em geral, sobre a situação cultural e humana vigente num Brasil periférico na segunda metade do século XIX.
Gilka, a maldita
Authors: Dal Farra Maria Lúcia
Published: September 2016

No texto, tento vasculhar e desbastar as acepções adotadas pela crítica brasileira (dos anos 30 do século passado) para o vocábulo “maldito” de Verlaine. Para tanto, uso o viés da fortuna crítica e amostragens da poética de Gilka Machado (1893-1980), aproximando-as à fortuna crítica e à obra poética de Marceline Desbordes-Valmore (1786-1859), a única mulher “maldita” apontada por Verlaine.
A anástase do real: Mallarmé indiano
Authors: Antelo Raul
Published: September 2016

O texto aborda a cultura visual e a relação entre política e estética, dois campos que, mais do que serem autônomos, pertencem entre si reciprocamente. Um poema póstumo de Ruben Dario, um soneto sobre anacronismo de Alphonsus de Guimarães ou uma ópera sobre o artista como clown de Freitas Vale, são estratégias de jogo, encontro e arquivo cujas implicações políticas subjacentes colaboram para alargar o campo em que situamos a estética política, e reforçam a compreensão de que a estética política é sempre fruto de um intercâmbio entre uma obra de arte e sua interpretação.
Phylogeny of the tribe Erotini (Coleoptera, Lycidae), with descriptions of new taxa
Authors: KAZANTSEV SERGEY V.
Published: September 2016

A cladistic analysis of Erotini (Lycidae) is carried out, resulting in revalidation of Dictyopterini nom. rev., proposal of Aferotini tr. n. and Flagraxina subtr. n. The genera Proteros gen. n. and Pyrotes gen. n. and eight new species: Proteros sempiternus sp. n., Taphomimus nanensis sp. n., Dictyoptera gansuensis sp. n., Helcophorus murzini sp. n., H. gobindanus sp. n., Greenarus belokobylskii sp. n., Eropterus glebulus sp. n. and Propyropterus (s. str.) plateroides sp. n. are described. Benibotarus sanguinipennis Nakane, syn. n. is placed in synonymy with Laterialis oculata (Gorham). Lycoprogentes Pic is transferred from Calochrominae to Taphini (Erotinae) and Microcoloberos Pic is transferred from Erotinae to Platerodinae. Erotides Waterhouse nom. rev. and Glabroplatyis Pic nom. rev. are revalidated from synonymy with Platycis Thomson. Punicealis miranda (Barovskij) nom. rev. is revalidated from synonymy with Laterialis oculata (Gorham). Platycis sculptilis (Say) is transferred to Erotides (s. str.), while Platycis cosnardi (Chevrolat), P. nasuta (Kiesenwetter), P. schneideri (Kiesenwetter), P. taiwana Kono, P. kanoi Nakane and P. matsudai Boc k are transferred to Erotides (Glabroplatycis); Benibotarus nigripennis Nakane & Ohbayashi is transferred to Greenarus Kazantsev and Pyropterus himalejicus Bourgeois to Lycoprogentes. Helcophorus Fairmaire, stat. n., Taphomimus Kazantsev, stat. n., Punicealis Kazantsev, stat. n., Laterialis Kazantsev, stat. n., and Greenarus Kazantsev, stat. n. are raised to the genus level, while Paralopheros Kazantsev is suppressed to subgeneric level within Propyropterus Nakane. The subgenus Tricostaeptera Kazantsev is transferred from Kolibaceum to Laterialis. Kleineria nom. n. is proposed for Kleinella Kazantsev, 1992 preoccupied by Kleinella Adams, 1860 (Mollusca). A key to the genera and subgenera and a check-list of Erotini and Dictyopterini of the World are provided.
Eriophyoid mites of Taiwan: description of three species of Calacarini from Hueysuen (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Phyllocoptinae)
Authors: HUANG KUN-WEI , WANG CHIN-FAH
Published: September 2016

In this paper, the authors describe and illustrate three species of Calacarini in three genera, including two new genera and three new species, from Hueysuen (in central Taiwan). They are: Quadratum glaberi gen. et sp. nov. (infesting Stauntonia hexaphylla), Taijutarus triangulus gen. et sp. nov. (infesting Pericampylus formosanus) and Jutarus pasanus sp. nov. (infesting Pasania konishii). A key to the genera and species of Calacarini from Hueysuen is provided.
A new solar powered species of the genus Phyllodesmium Ehrenberg, 1831 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidoidea) from Indonesia with analysis of its photosynthetic activity and notes on biology
Authors: BURGHARDT INGO , WÄGELE HEIKE
Published: September 2016

A new Phyllodesmium species, P. jakobsenae nov. sp., is described from North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The new species is associated with the octocoral Xenia sp. Its external morphology is similar to other Phyllodesmium species inhabiting Xenia colonies, especially to P. hyalinum Ehrenberg, 1831, but cerata morphology and color, tooth and jaw morphology as well as the digestive glandular branching system within the cerata clearly distinguishes this new species. Behavioural notes are given and spawning is described. Active photosynthesis due to zooxanthellae (Dinophyceae of the genus Symbiodinium) in the digestive gland was measured in situ with a Diving-PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulated Fluorometer). Experiments with P. jakobsenae indicate a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae at least for some days. These results are discussed in comparison to another Xenia inhabiting species, Phyllodesmium crypticum Rudman, 1981. Histological investigation of the digestive diverticula within the cerata of the new species also indicate a high effectiveness of the symbiosis.
An annotated catalogue of the scutigeromorph centipedes in the collection of the Mus um National d Histoire Naturelle, Paris (France) (Chilopoda: Scutigeromorpha)
Authors: STOEV PAVEL , GEOFFROY JEAN-JACQUES
Published: September 2016

The collection of the Mus um National d Histoire Naturelle, Paris (France) houses 16 species of scutigeromorph centipedes belonging to 10 genera of all the three hitherto known families. Two new combinations and two new synonymies are proposed: Tachythereua hispanica (Meinert, 1886) = Tachythereua maroccana var. spinosa Ribaut, 1911 New Synonym; Thereuonema microstoma (Meinert, 1886) New Combination = Thereuonema syriaca Verhoeff, 1905 New Synonym; Pselliodes rugosus (Newport, 1844) New Combination.
A new killifish genus and species from the coastal plains of northeastern Brazil (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)
Authors: COSTA WILSON J.E.M.
Published: September 2016

Prorivulus auriferus, new genus and species, from the coastal plains of northeastern Brazil, is described. It is a member of a monophyletic unit, including Rivulus and the clade comprising all annual fish rivulid genera, diagnosed by two unambiguous synapomorphies: unossified interhyal and distal process of the second epibranchial absent. Prorivulus is hypothesized to be the sister group of the monophyletic assemblage including Rivulus and the clade comprising all annual fish rivulid genera, which is defined by four unambiguous synapomorphies: shortened uncinate process of the third epibranchial, articular face of the distal edge of first hypobranchial anteriorly expanded, ventral process of angulo-articular narrowed, and posterior flange of cleithrum absent. Prorivulus is distinguished from other basal rivulid taxa by having five branchiostegal rays.
A review of the genus Rheotanytarsus Thienemann & Bause from China (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanytarsini)
Authors: WANG XINHUA , GUO YUHONG
Published: September 2016

The male imagines of 15 Rheotanytarsus species from China, including 8 new species (R. aphelus, R. apiculus, R. brevipalpus, R. bullus, R. fundus, R. liuae, R. polychaetus, R. quadratus), are described and figured. Rheotanytarsus buculicaudus Kyerematen & S ther and R. tamatertius Sasa are new records for China. Rheotanytarsus acerbus (Johannsen), R. aestuarius (Tokunaga), R. muscicola Thienemann, R. pentapodus (Kieffer), and R. tamaquartus Sasa are re-examined. A key to male imagines of Chinese Rheotanytarsus is presented.
Extreme Precipitation Indices over China in CMIP5 Models. Part II: Probabilistic Projection
Authors: Li Wei , Jiang Zhihong , Xu Jianjun , Li Laurent
Published: September 2016

The present article is the second part of a study on the extreme precipitation indices over China in CMIP5 models that perform a probabilistic projection of future precipitation indices with reference to the period 1986–2005. This is realized with a rank-based weighting method. The ranking of the 25 models is done according to their performance in simulating rainfall indices in present-day climate. Such weights are used to form a weighted ensemble for future climate projection. Results show that, compared to the unweighted raw ensemble, the projection with the weighted scheme is more credible, as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of indices is larger from the weighted ensemble. From the beginning of the mid-twenty-first century, changes of wet indices with probability >0.5 increase significantly, especially over western China and the Yellow–Huai River basin, where the changes of all wet indices are in excess of 10%, the increase of total precipitation (PRCPTOT) can reach up to 20% over western China at the end of twenty-first century, and the SNR of PRCPTOT and precipitation intensity (SDII) is the highest at those two regions. This indicates that the precipitation in those regions has a high reliability to become more extreme. The maximum consecutive dry days (CDD) decreases throughout the north of 30°N, which shows that drought conditions in northern China would be reduced, and they are more likely to increase in southern China. However, the SNR for projection of CDD is less than 1.0 almost everywhere. Such a situation seems related to a strengthening of the East Asian summer monsoon and the associated northward shift of the monsoon front.
Comparison of cancer cells cultured in 2D vs 3D reveals differences in AKT/mTOR/S6-kinase signaling and drug response
Authors: Riedl Angelika , Schlederer Michaela , Pudelko Karoline , Stadler Mira , Walter Stefanie , Unterleuthner Daniela , Unger Christine , Kramer Nina , Hengstschläger Markus , Kenner Lukas , Pfeiffer Dagmar , Krupitza Georg , Dolznig Helmut
Published: September 2016

3D cancer models are used as preclinical systems to mimic physiologic drug response. We provide evidence for robust changes of proliferation and metabolic capacity in 3D by systematically analyzing spheroids of colon cancer cell lines. Spheroids showed relative lower AKT/mTOR/S6K activities compared to cells cultured in 2D. We identified spatial alterations in signaling, as the level of phospho-rpS6 decreased from the spheroid surface to the center, closely recapitulating the tumor areas around vessels in vivo. These 3D-models displayed augmented anti-tumor response to AKT/mTOR/S6K- or MAPK-pathway inhibition compared to 2D. Inhibition of AKT/mTOR/S6K resulted in elevated ERK phosphorylation in 2D, whereas under these conditions MAPK-signaling was reduced in spheroids. Inhibition of the MAPK-pathway led to decreased AKT/mTOR/S6K-signaling in 3D but not in 2D. These data indicate a distinct rewiring of signaling in 3D and during treatment. Detached tumor cell clusters in vessels, in addition to circulating single tumor cells, play a putative role in metastasis in human cancers. Hence, the understanding of signaling in spheroids and the response in the 3D models upon drug treatment might be beneficial for anti-cancer therapies.
Garden hazards: trampoline injuries
Authors: Paul Siba Prosad , Barnden Joanna , Kane Meridith
Published: September 2016

Trampolining is more popular than ever, but it can also cause injuries, some of them very serious. Siba Prosad Paul, Torbay Hospital, Torquay, Joanna Barnden, University of Bristol, and Meridith Kane, Yeovil District Hospital, discuss what can be done to prevent them
A reflection on safeguarding in practice
Authors: Foulds Louise
Published: September 2016

Safeguarding is about the protection of the most vulnerable people in our society. This article presents a case history of the author's experience of a patient with a colostomy and high-output abdominal fistula, who was involved in a safeguarding alert. It explores the roles and responsibilities of nurses, regardless of specialty, to increase their awareness, understanding and knowledge of safeguarding, and the processes in place to protect the most vulnerable people they care for.
Experiences of healthcare professionals as caregivers of a dying family member: an exploratory study
Authors: Fouto Ana Luísa Roque , Partington Lynne
Published: September 2016

Background:

Many health-care professionals also take on a caregiver role at home, usually by caring for a dying relative. Very little is known about the perceptions, experiences and needs of this specific group of carers.

Objective:

To understand the perceptions and experiences of healthcare professionals as caregivers and identify their needs.

Methods:

Health-care professionals working at one health unit in Portugal participated in a semi-structured interview (n=9). Data were analysed and organised thematically.

Results:

Four key themes emerged from the analysis: (i) the perception of the caregiver role, (ii) the difficulties experienced in the caregiver role, (iii) the rewards obtained by carrying out the caregiver role and (iv) the healthcare professional's needs as a caregiver.

Conclusion:

Healthcare professionals' needs as caregivers are not assessed and addressed holistically, creating room for improvement. Participants felt emotionally pressured by their families to get answers and find solutions during caregiving. Despite it being a complex and painful process, participants still gave examples of rewards experienced during caregiving.
Right at home
Authors: Hampshire Vivien
Published: September 2016

Use the beautifully illustrated book, Home, by Carson Ellis, as a hook for exploring different types of home, and talking about what makes them safe and special for the families who live in them.
Montessori ideals
Authors: Doyle Phoebe
Published: September 2016

As an early years approach, Montessori continues to gain recognition and increase its influence on best practice. Pheobe Doyle outlines its key tenets and explains what parents can expect from it today.
Clear as mud
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: September 2016

Jenni Clarke explores the potential of mud kitchens when it comes to developing vocabulary and imaginative talk. The sensory properties of mud will stimulate interesting, descriptive language.
Game for a walk
Authors: Garner Lynne
Published: September 2016

A stroll is a great opportunity to escape outdoors and enjoy physical activities as part of a group Lynne Garner outlines some easy-to-play games which will entertain children and extend their physical skills.
Meet my dragon!
Authors: Williams Kate
Published: September 2016

How is your dragon feeling today? Kate Williams suggests ways in which children can explore thoughts, feelings and moods through the personality of the dragon they have created themselves
Funding pressure continues as schools plan for deficit budgets
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: September 2016

A majority of schools are either running a budget deficit already or plan to have one within the next three years, new research shows
Ler e escrever na Educação Infantil: análise de uma proposta curricular
Authors: Marinho Giulianny Russo
Published: September 2016

Este trabalho discorreu sobre como uma escola de Educação Infantil poderia organizar seu currículo de Práticas de Linguagem, trabalhando a leitura e a escrita, sem escolarizar e, ao mesmo tempo, preservar a identidade do segmento. Para tanto, foi analisada a grade curricular de uma escola, seus documentos de trabalho, sua organização ao longo do ano, bem como os planejamentos semanais do professor. A análise mostrou como é possível o equilíbrio entre essa área do saber e o brincar, necessidade inerente à faixa etária, em função da coerência teórico-prática, das condições institucionais estabelecidas que favorecem tanto a reflexão e a formação docente quanto a constante construção curricular.
A experiência do observador e a Leitura Significativa: um rio acima de todas as margens
Authors: De Sá Neves Gisélia Oliveira
Published: September 2016

Este artigo objetiva discutir a Leitura Significativa segundo Frank Smith (1999), partindo das experiências do observador que representa o leitor que lança mão de suas experiências leitoras para dar sentido ao texto que lê. O título remete ao conto A terceira margem do rio, de Guimarães Rosa, mas as discussões não se atêm ao enredo, apenas se apoiam na ideia do rio como metáfora do ato de ler, que é margeado por vários obstáculos na busca de compreender o que está por vir. A Leitura Significativa dá sentido ao texto e ao ato de ler, que é pessoal e intransferível, embora seu resultado possa ser compartilhado com o outro. A Leitura Significativa é resultante de vários processos por que passa o leitor até se tornar um observador experiente.
Entrevista: Emilia Ferreiro
Authors: Prado Ricardo , Prado Renata Lopes Costa
Published: September 2016

“A informação pode estar a um clique na tela, mas não o conhecimento”
A aprendizagem do sistema de escrita: questões teóricas e didáticas
Authors: Weisz Telma
Published: September 2016

Desde sua publicação, em 1979, a obra Los sistemas de escritura en el desarollo del niño, de Emilia Ferreiro e Ana Teberosky (publicado no Brasil em 1985, como Psicogênese da língua escrita), inspirada no construtivismo piagetiano, suscitou diversos estudos e experiências pedagógicas. Decorridas mais de três décadas da publicação da obra no país, o artigo analisa alguns desdobramentos, teóricos e práticos, desta obra, citando as experiências do PROFA, do Programa Ler e Escrever e dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN), que ao propor o ensino da língua concomitantemente à alfabetização se colocaram contrários à tradição pedagógica brasileira de separá-la do letramento.
La evaluación de la investigación en las universidades privadas: Presente y horizonte según el discurso de CONEAU
Authors: Bustamante Laura Andrea
Published: September 2016

En el presente trabajo analizaremos cómo es evaluada la investigación en las instituciones privadas de educación superior. Entendiéndola como producción de conocimiento científico, asumimos que la política de evaluación institucional, puesta en práctica por la Comisión Nacional de Evaluación y Acreditación Universitaria (CONEAU), ha incidido en la forma de percibir la investigación al interior de las universidades. En este marco es pertinente preguntarse ¿Cuál es el estado de la investigación en las universidades privadas argentinas? ¿Cómo es evaluada externamente? ¿Qué perspectivas podemos estimar acerca de la investigación en las universidades privadas? Para esta investigación hemos planteado un diseño cualitativo, realizando un análisis de contenido de evaluaciones publicadas por CONEAU. Hemos seleccionado un corpus de 12 informes: 6 pertenecen a instituciones fundadas durante el primer período desarrollado (entre el 55 y el 66), 3 de este grupo son Universidades Católicas;  y 6 a universidades que fueron fundadas en la década del 90. La sostenida recomendación de CONEAU en sus informes es incrementar la investigación, apuntando para ello al financiamiento privado.  Los resultados parecen indicar que la supervisión de CONEAU genera un movimiento al interior de las universidades que perciben la presión del sistema y generan estrategias de adaptación al mismo. En este sentido, la evaluación parecería haber funcionado como una herramienta de adoctrinamiento y homogeneización, ante lo cual cabe la pregunta de cuán sostenible será dicho proceso en el tiempo.
Democracia en Uruguay: Educación del cuerpo y tiempo libre en el “Nuevo modelo de Educación Física” (1985-1990)
Authors: Seré Quintero Cecilia , Fernandez Vaz Alexandre
Published: September 2016

El artículo analiza las propuestas de Educación Física en el proceso de reorganización democrática luego de finalizada la última dictadura cívico-militar en Uruguay (1973-1985). Se indaga en el “Nuevo modelo de Educación Física” propuesto por la Comisión Nacional de Educación Física en 1986, analizando las intersecciones entre el cuerpo y la política moderna. A partir del análisis de las propuestas de recreación elaboradas entre 1985 y 1990 se observa que el tiempo libre se afirma como un elemento organizado a favor de la recuperación del trabajador. El dispositivo estatal que procuró administrar el tiempo libre de la población se orientó por un interés en la educación para el tiempo libre y por la promoción de hobbies como formas útiles de ocupar el tiempo de no trabajo.
Millenaristic Equity. Theological Order and Legal Faith
Authors: Costantini Cristina
Published: September 2016

The essay aims to prospect an original understanding of Equity Jurisdiction at the intersection of Law, Literature and Theology, theoretically based on a critical reassessment of E. Kantorowicz’s and E.L. Santner’s arguments. In this perspective, the Author uncovers the tensional metamorphoses, which ontologically affected and transmuted Equity from Medieval foundations to Renaissance reformed settlement, in order to fulfil a process of mystical secularization. Moving from a deeper appreciation of Chancellor’s figure and institutional role, the new intellectual vision here proposed brings to the light the historical and symbolical relevance of the Chancellor’s two bodies, which mimically reflected the dualities embedded in the normative figure of the King. The main purpose is to demonstrate how Equity Jurisdiction was charged with an eschatological significance and was attracted into millenaristic visions and narratives. Equity definitely constituted the salvific seam between Theological Order and Legal Faith. Meaningful arguments, in order to support the main thesis, comes from Medieval Literature, and especially from the spectacularized allegorical representation enacted by verses of Piers Plowman, where the contending claims of Common Law and Equity are christologically reinterpreted. Other foundative elements emerge from the valorization of the connection between Equity’s strategies and Elizabethan Apocalypticism. The Equity jurisdiction was a powerful device in order to gives voice and expression to the
Intertextuality and Parody of Law in The Third Policeman by Flann O’Brien: a Literary and a Linguistic Reading
Authors: Nerozzi Patrizia , Logaldo Mara
Published: September 2016

This essay aims to provide a dual reading of Flann O’Brien’s novel
Muscle-Specific Effective Mechanical Advantage and Joint Impulse in Weightlifting
Authors: Kipp Kristof , Harris Chad
Published: September 2016

Kipp, K, and Harris, C. Muscle-specific effective mechanical advantage and joint impulse in weightlifting. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1905–1910, 2017—Lifting greater loads during weightlifting exercises may theoretically be achieved through increasing the magnitudes of net joint impulses or manipulating the joints' effective mechanical advantage (EMA). The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle-specific EMA and joint impulse as well as impulse–momentum characteristics of the lifter-barbell system across a range of external loads during the execution of the clean. Collegiate-level weightlifters performed submaximal cleans at 65, 75, and 85% of their 1-repetition maximum (1-RM), whereas data from a motion analysis system and a force plate were used to calculate lifter-barbell system impulse and velocity, as well as net extensor impulse generated at the hip, knee, and ankle joints and the EMA of the gluteus maximus, hamstrings, quadriceps, and triceps surae muscles. The results indicated that the lifter-barbell system impulse did not change as load increased, whereas the velocity of the lifter-barbell system decreased with greater load. In addition, the net extensor impulse at all joints increased as load increased. The EMA of all muscles did not, however, change as load increased. The load-dependent effects on the impulse–velocity characteristics of the lifter-barbell system may reflect musculoskeletal force–velocity behaviors, and may further indicate that the weightlifting performance is limited by the magnitude of ground reaction force impulse. In turn, the load-dependent effects observed at the joint level indicated that lifting greater loads were due to greater net extensor impulses generated at the joints of the lower extremity and not greater EMAs of the respective extensor muscles. In combination, these results suggest that lifting greater external loads during the clean is due to the ability to generate large extensor joint impulses, rather than manipulate EMA.
What Is a Ballad? Reading for Genre, Format, and Medium
Authors: McGill Meredith L.
Published: September 2016

Meredith L. McGill, “What Is a Ballad? Reading for Genre, Format, and Medium” (pp. 156–175)

In this essay I show how definitions of the ballad shift as critics take into account not only the place of ballads within the genre system but also the mediation of nineteenth-century ballads across the full range of popular and elite print formats. Arguing that the ballad is a genre that flourishes with the rise of print, I show how Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s “The Wreck of the Hesperus” (1840) exploits the ballad’s multimedia appeal, forgoing the fiction of folk origins and oral transmission to explore the terms of a sensationalist mass culture.
Pretrial Publicity and Prospective Jurors: Problems In The Use of Survey Research
Authors: Parente Donald E. , Perez-Reilly Mario
Published: September 2016

Since the U.S. Supreme Court struck down a state conviction on the grounds of prejudicial pretrial publicity (Irvin v. Dowd), survey research expertise has become a resource for the defense. This has been especially the case in the use of consultants and their survey products in seeking changes of venue and in scientific jury selection (Nietzel and Dillehay, 1982:41,1; and 1983:4,309). As a result of the increasing acceptance of the use of survey research in legal actions, some scholars and practitioners have expressed concern over its misuse (Goeke, 1984: 1-4; Mamer, 1976: 1101-1133; McCormick, 1982: 879-916). Nietzel and Dillehay (1983: 333-334) and others have emphasized the problems and prospects associated with the use of opinion surveys in support of motions to change venue.
Policy Preferences Of Political Party Leaders And The Mass Public: A Southern Perspective
Authors: Ellickson Mark C.
Published: September 2016

In recent years there has been a steady stream of literature proclaiming the decline of the American party system (Burnham, 1976; Kirkpatrick, 1978; Ladd, 1982; Crotty, 1984, 1985; Konda and Sigelman, 1987). It is argued that the parties have been losing their “ relevance,” their critical capacity in responding to social needs and problems (Eldersveld, 1982; Miller and Wattenberg, 1983). This allegation entails serious ramifications as political parties have long been viewed as performing many vital functions in the American political system (Leiserson, 1958; Sorauf, 1984).
Proper Placement Of Independent-Leaners In The Partisan Identification Scale: Data From Two Arkansas Samples
Authors: Maggiotto Michael A. , Wekkin Gary D.
Published: September 2016

What is an independent-leaner? More than a generation has passed since the Michigan NES/CPS group established its now standard, seven-point scale of classification of partisan identifiers [Campbell, et. al. 1960]; yet, suddenly, the correct way to conceptualize the different types of independent identifiers and interpret their behavior has re-emerged as an unresolved problem for students of political behavior.
The Supreme Court and the Constitutional Right to Privacy
Authors: Snortland Neil
Published: September 2016

Since its creation in 1965, the constitutional right of privacy has been difficult to understand, even contradictory. This may be explained as the result of the incremental implementation of the sweeping language of Griswold v. Connecticut, with privacy coming into conflict with other rights such as the freedom of the press. In addition, the initial criticisms of Griswold’s synoptic privacy reasoning intensified when Roe v. Wade provoked potent political opposition. These influences combined with the changing membership on the Supreme Court to produce an evaporation of privacy language from recent decisions, most notably Webster v. Reproductive Health Services and Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health. Furthermore, the Court is transforming Roe's declaration of privacy as a “fundamental right” protected by “strict scrutiny” into a “liberty interest” protected by the relaxed standard of “rational-basis scrutiny.” Finally, Rehnquist and Scalia want to give a narrow historical interpretation to any “liberty interest,” thus limiting the application of privacy to other areas of constitutional law.
Lobbying the Supreme Court: Reagan’s Solicitor General and the Establishment Clause
Authors: Grunes Rodney A.
Published: September 2016

Although professionalism is the expected norm, the Reagan Administration sought to use its solicitor general as an advocate for “social agenda” issues. This was especially apparent in the briefs submitted by the solicitor general to the Supreme Court on behalf of the Government in establishment of religion cases. Although prior research suggested that conservative justices would be influenced by the arguments of a conservative executive, this study indicates that the Supreme Court refused to heed the attempts of President Reagan’s solicitor generals to fundamentally alter its approach to resolving establishment clause disputes. Resistance to politicization suggests that there are limits to lobbying by the solicitor general.
Industrialization and Two-Party Democracy
Authors: Mackey Eric M.
Published: September 2016

This paper analyzes the impact of industrial change on partisan transitions in the American South. Using aggregate data from the decennial censes from 1940 to 1980 and aggregate election returns for roughly this same period, the primary finding is a weak and often contradictory bivariate relationship between industrial employment and partisan support in the South. The results were usually much worse for a typical economic development thesis when the dependent and independent variables were operationalized dynamically and when presidential voting and congressional voting were analyzed separately. Overall, the evidence in this paper does not suggest that the Republican party is necessarily or often a beneficiary of industrialization. Neither does it speak well for the possibility of pursuing industrial development as a means of promoting partisan democracy in the South or any other geopolitical context.
The Mainstream Democratic Vision
Authors: Whistler Donald E.
Published: September 2016

This work utilizes recent literature on the democratic experience to provide insight into the nature, institutionalization, and problems of mainstream democratic thought. Our innate needs motivate us to seek a decision-making system in which our self-interests are met most effectively. Democracy is a procedure for making binding collective decisions that permits each citizen to express self-interest by having some voice in decisions concerning matters that affect her/his life. Democracy has evolved from a system of citizens expressing their self-interest through direct participation to a system of expressing self-interests indirectly through representatives. Large populations of diverse interests necessitate indirect participation in the form of guaranteed individual rights to formulate and express preferences and to choose in free elections those who, under circumscribed procedures, will make public policies in response to citizens’ preferences. Modem democracy institutionalizes individual freedom of choice in a competitive system of making binding collective decisions. It is the distribution of privately controlled resources that both provides the wherewithal to demand participation in binding collective decision-making and guarantees the competitive, accessible nature of the decision process. Belief in the democratic process may be the ultimate shared value that binds diverse groups together into a modem political community.
Southern Partisan Changes: When and How
Authors: Bullock Charles S.
Published: September 2016

Davison and Krassa (1991) are correct in their observations about the shifts in the partisan loyalties of southern blacks and whites over the last generation. Their suggestion that party lines may, in time, reinforce racial lines remains premature and cannot be substantiated by the time period of their analysis. It is possible, however, that by the beginning of the next century, the general thrust of their suggestions may have come to pass. While Davison and Krassa and I (and a number of other analysts of southern politics, such as Carmines and Stimson 1989; Campbell, 1977) have come to similar conclusions about partisan realignment, we travel different paths. I am not convinced of the Davison- Krassa “white flight” explanation for the shift in partisan allegiance among white southerners. There are several factors that leave me doubtful.
The Nominating Process: Factionalism as a Force for Democratization
Authors: Goldman Ralph M.
Published: September 2016

In what ways may a one-party system advance democratic development? Democratic development requires an understanding of the process of institutionalization and the ways in which institutionalization may be promotive of nonviolent elite competition, even within one-party systems. This directs our attention to the hierarchy of institutionalized organizations and conflict systems that constitute a party system, namely, government, parties, and factions. Although neglected in research on party politics, factions are capable of creating conditions favorable to democratic development, including nonviolent competition among elites, party pluralism, and popular participation in electoral and other institutions of national politics. The centerpiece of factionalism is the party’s nominating process, another relatively neglected subject of inquiry. Several principles of institutionalization are suggested by the experience with factionalism in the United States and other nations.
Asymmetrical Interdependence and Democratization in Central America
Authors: Ryan Jeffrey J.
Published: September 2016

Despite the enormous attention devoted to the topic of democratization, relatively little work has focused on the impact of external pressures on the process of liberalization in authoritarian systems. Borrowing the concepts of asymmetrical interdependence and interest hierarchies from the international relations literature, this article develops a model designed to predict outcomes in reform pressure situations. The model utilizes factors such as strategic threat levels, target-regime type, and military aid dependence to predict how much reform pressure the United States will exert, how far the target regime will go to accommodate this pressure, and what level of reform likely will result from the interaction. An examination of three central American cases provides general support for the model, with some modification. More generally, it suggests that an exogenously oriented model might usefully supplement the endogenously-oriented models which currently dominate this area of inquiry.
Clerks in the Civil Justice Process
Authors: Winkle John W. , England David
Published: September 2016

Published research on the legal process for the most part neglects the strategic importance of trial clerks in courtroom workgroups. Using a questionnaire survey, this study examines the duties and perceptions of clerks in civil courts in two states. Differences in work styles are related to differential modes of selection: appointment in Tennessee and election in Mississippi. Tennessee clerks follow a bureaucratic model while those in Mississippi follow a more political one. These differences may influence in large measure the kind and degree of outputs in the respective justice processes.
Explaining Voter Registration Levels in the American States
Authors: Fleury Christopher J.
Published: September 2016

Previous research on political participation typically has centered upon voter turnout, modeling it as a function of socio-demographic and structural factors separately and in conjunction. Using aggregate-level data covering the 1980s, this paper updates and extends previous political participation research in the specific regard of voter registration. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between a state’s voter registration level and its degree of interparty competition. An index of interparty competition for the 1980-1989 period — based upon the Ranney index first employed for the 1948-1960 period and later extended by Bibby et al. to 1974-1980 — is presented here for the first time. However, interparty competition and several other demographic and structural factors that traditionally are cited as contributors to voter turnout are found here to be insignificant for predicting voter registration levels. A socio-demographic factor, racial composition, and a structural factor, the closing date for registration, emerge as the most important predictors of aggregate registration level.
Contradictions on the Road to Democracy and the Market in East Central Europe
Authors: Remington Robin A.
Published: September 2016

This analysis focuses on the dilemmas facing policymakers attempting the transition from one-party hegemonic systems to multiparty democracies in post-communist Europe. It investigates the hypothesis that the political conditions for building democracy and the economic conditions required for establishing market economies in these societies are at cross purposes. The author examines the role of the international political economy in the process of democratization in terms of a framework of three primary variables: identity, legitimacy, and security. In applying these variables to post-communist East Central Europe, five significant arenas emerge in which political and economic imperatives come into conflict. The analysis concludes with policy implications for Western decision-makers whose own future security needs and economic well-being are tied to successful transition from communism to viable democracy in East Central Europe and the former Soviet Union.
GROWTH AND NUTRITIONAL ANALYSIS OF TREE SPECIES IN CONTAMINATED SUBSTRATE BY LEACHABLE HERBICIDES
Authors: Fiore Rebecca de Araújo , Santos José Barbosa Dos , Ferreira Evander Alves , Cabral Cássia Michelle , Pereira Israel Marinho
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Ecosystems contamination by residues of pesticides requires special attention to the herbicides subject to leaching. The objective was to select tree species to rhizodegradation contaminated by residues of 2,4-D and atrazine and to recompose riparian areas to agricultural fields, then reducing the risk of contamination of water courses. A total of 36 treatments consisted of the combinations of forest species were evaluated [Inga marginata (Inga), Schizolobium parahyba (guapuruvu), Handroanthus serratifolius (ipê amarelo), Jacaranda puberula (carobinha), Cedrela fissilis (cedro), Calophyllum brasiliensis (landin), Psidium mirsinoides (goiabinha), Tibouchina glandulosa (quaresmeira), Caesalpinia férrea (pau-ferro), Caesalpinia pluviosa (sibipiruna), Terminalia argêntea (capitão) and Schinopsis brasiliensis (braúna)] and three solutions simulating leachate compound (atrazine, 2,4-D and water - control), with four replicates each. The characteristics measured were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area and dry biomass, and foliar nutrition. Forest species survived the herbicide application, and most showed an increase in macronutrients even under an herbicide application, and the Inga had the highest tolerance regarding growth analysis. It is recommended to use species that are more tolerant to Atrazine and 2,4-D in field experiments to confirm previous results of this simulation.
PRESERVATIVE TREATMENT OF FENCE POSTS EVALUATION THROUGH PHOTOCOLORIMETRY SEGMENTATION PERFORMANCE
Authors: Boschetti Walter Torezani Neto , Vieira Diego Mariano , Moulin Jordão Cabral , Lopes Dercílio Junior Verly , Paes Juarez Benigno , Carvalho Ana Márcia Macedo Ladeira
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT The research object was evaluating the quality of preserving treatment of Eucalyptus sp. fence posts by the sap substitution method and comparing the penetration through the traditional and photocolorimetry segmentation methods. The fence posts, 2,0 meters long and with a diameter between 8 and 12 cm, were exposed to 2, 3 and 4% concentrations of CCB based-product active ingredients for 10 days. The penetrations were analyzed using two methodologies, one by the Image Pro Plus 4.5 software, using photocolorimetry segmentation method performance, and by analyzing the product retention in four positions of the treated fence posts. The treatment submitted pieces attained low penetration and, thus, the retention values were less than the required for direct contact with the ground. On the other hand, the proposed photocolorimetry segmentation methodology was efficient and could be an alternative to determine a more precise and fast penetration.
First record of Scobina poeciloides (Ashmead, 1895) (Hymenoptera: Argidae) for Brazil and update of geographical distribution of three species of Scobina Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 for the State of Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Lemes J. R. A. , Köhler A.
Published: September 2016

Abstract It is recorded for the first time in the state of Rio Grande do Sul the occurrence of Scobina melanocephala (Lepeletier, 1823), Scobina thoracica (Jorgensen, 1913) and Scobina poeciloides (Ashmead, 1895), being this last the first record for Brazil. Scobina melanopyga (Klug, 1834) and Scobina torquata (Konow, 1903) were also found in the study. The analyzed material was collected utilizing Malaise traps in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) fields and is deposited at the Entomological Collection of Santa Cruz do Sul.
Perfil farmacoterapêutico de pacientes obesos no pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica
Authors: Kovaleski Elenara Simoni , Schroeder Helena , Krause Mauricio , Dani Caroline , Bock Patrícia Martins
Published: September 2016

Resumo Contexto A obesidade pode estar relacionada a doenças como diabetes, hipertensão arterial e dislipidemia. A cirurgia bariátrica é um dos tratamentos mais eficazes, levando à diminuição de peso e comorbidades. Objetivo Avaliar o perfil metabólico e farmacoterapêutico de pacientes obesos após cirurgia bariátrica. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal retrospectivo, realizado em um hospital localizado na cidade de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Foram avaliados 70 prontuários de pacientes que realizaram cirurgia bariátrica, nos períodos de antes de 2 meses e mais de 6 meses após a cirurgia bariátrica. A análise estatística foi realizada no programa SPSS 17.0®. Resultados A pressão arterial inicial foi de 130/85 mmHg, passando para 120/80 mmHg (p < 0,01). Com relação ao perfil metabólico antes de dois meses, o HDL foi de 34 mg/dL, o colesterol total foi de 195,07 ± 40,17 mg/dL, o LDL foi de 118,22 ± 41,28 mg/dL, os triglicerídeos foram de 141,09 ± 43,39 mg/dL, e a glicemia de jejum foi de 90 mg/dL. Após 6 meses de cirurgia, os valores passaram para 43 mg/dL, 133,67 ± 28,14 mg/dL, 65,53 ± 24,3 mg/dL, 104,41 ± 29,6 mg/dL, e 77 mg/dL, respectivamente (p < 0,01). Com relação ao uso de medicamentos, 41% utilizaram anti-hipertensivos, 39% utilizaram hipolipemiantes, 10% utilizaram hipoglicemiantes orais e 97% utilizaram suplementos antes dos 2 meses de cirurgia. Após os 6 meses, os percentuais foram alterados para 21%, 19%, 9% e 99%, respectivamente. Conclusões O estudo mostra o sucesso da cirurgia bariátrica em pacientes obesos com comorbidades, revelando melhora no perfil metabólico e redução na utilização de medicamentos para tratamento de comorbidades.