bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Medicinal Chemist’s Perspective Towards Structure Activity Relationship of Heterocycle Based Anticancer Agents
Authors: Nehra Bhupender , Mathew Bijo , Chawla Pooja A.
Published: January 2022

Aim:

This paper aims to describe the structure activity relationship of heterocyclic deriva-tives with multi-targeted anticancer activity.

Objectives:

With the following goals in mind, this review tries to describe significant recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of heterocycle-based compounds: (1) To shed light on recent literature focused on heterocyclic derivatives' anticancer potential; (2) To discuss recent advances in the medic-inal chemistry of heterocyclic derivatives, as well as their biological implications for cancer eradica-tion; (3) To summarise the comprehensive correlation of structure activity relationship (SAR) with pharmacological outcomes in cancer therapy.

Background:

Cancer remains one of the major serious health issues in the world today. Cancer is a complex disease in which improperly altered cells proliferate at an uncontrolled, rapid, and severe rate. Variables such as poor dietary habits, high stress, age, and smoking, can all contribute to the development of cancer. Cancer can affect almost any organ or tissue, although the brain, breast, liver, and colon are the most frequently affected organs. For several years, surgical operations and irradia-tion have been in use along with chemotherapy as a primary treatment of cancer, but still, effective treatment of cancer remains a huge challenge. Chemotherapy is now considered one of the most ef-fective strategies to eradicate cancer, although it has been shown to have a number of cytotoxic and unfavourable effects on normal cells. Despite all of these cancer treatments, there are several other targets for anticancer drugs. Cancer can be effectively eradicated by focusing on these targets, includ-ing cell-specific and receptor-specific targets such as tyrosine kinase receptors (TKIs). Heterocyclic scaffolds also have a variety of applications in drug development and are a common moiety in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and textile industries.

Methods:

The association between structural activity relationship data of many powerful compounds and their anticancer potential in vitro and in vivo has been studied. SAR of powerful heterocyclic compounds can also be generated using molecular docking simulations, as reported in literature.

Conclusions:

Heterocycles have a wide range of applications, from natural compounds to synthesised derivatives with powerful anticancer properties. To avoid cytotoxicity or unfavourable effects on normal mammalian cells due to a lack of selectivity towards the target site, as well as to reduce the occurrence of drug resistance, safer anticancer lead compounds with higher potency and lower cyto-toxicity are needed. This review emphasizes on design and development of heterocyclic lead com-pounds with promising anticancer potential.
Structural DNA Nanotechnology: Immobile Holliday Junctions to Artifi
Authors: Narayanan Raghu Pradeep , Abraham Leeza
Published: January 2022

Abstreact:

DNA nanotechnology marvels the scientific world with its capabilities to design, engineer, and demonstrate nanoscale shapes. This review is a condensed version walking the reader through the structural developments in the field over the past 40 years starting from the basic design rules of the double-stranded building block to the most recent advancements in self-assembled hierarchically achieved structures to date. It builds off from the fundamental motivation of building 3-dimensional (3D) lattice structures of tunable cavities going all the way up to artificial nanorobots fighting cancer. The review starts by covering the most important developments from the fundamental bottom-up approach of building structures, which is the ‘tile’ based approach covering 1D, 2D, and 3D building blocks, after which, the top-down approach using DNA origami and DNA bricks is also covered. Thereafter, DNA nanostructures assembled using not so commonly used (yet promising) techniques like i-motifs, quadruplexes, and kissing loops are covered. Highlights from the field of dynamic DNA nanostructures have been covered as well, walking the reader through the various approaches used within the field to achieve movement. The article finally concludes by giving the authors a view of what the future of the field might look like while suggesting in parallel new directions that fellow/future DNA nanotechnologists could think about.
One-pot Synthesis of a New Hydroxamic Acid and its Complexes with
Metals
Authors: Abbasova Gulu , Medjidov Ajdar
Published: January 2022

A one-pot conversion of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthoic aldehyde to hydroxamic acid was described.
An efficient photoorganocatalytic method of synthesis was developed. The obtained hydroxamic acid was
identified by various physicochemical methods such as IR, UV- and NMR-spectroscopy. Solid colored
complexes of copper (II) and iron (II), respectively, green and brown colours with the obtained hydroxamic
acid were synthesized in ethanol medium for the first time. The molar ratio of ligand and
metal in the complex was 2:1. Their structures were established using IR, UV- spectroscopy and thermogravimetric
analysis.
Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Synthesis of Alkoxymethylhalides for Multipurpose
Mixed Acetals; Scope and Limitations
Authors: Nisar Muhammad , Gondal Humaira Yasmeen , Cheema Zain Maqsood , Abbasskhan Ahmed
Published: January 2022

The work describes a detailed account of the Lewis acid-catalyzed preparation of structurally
variant alkoxymethyl halides. A series of Lewis acids with different halogenating agents are evaluated
for the cleavage of bis-alkoxymethanes, where several readily available Lewis acids were found to
exhibit high catalytic potential. SOCl2 with MgCl2 was found to be one of the best combinations for the
facile and efficient preparation of structurally diverse alkoxymethyl halides under solvent-free conditions.
The efficacy of the methodology was established to obtain a wide range of mixed acetals through
alkoxymethylation of phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen containing nucleophiles. The present
procedure has significant advantages including simplicity, generality, rapidity, and availability of reagents.
Wonderful Natural Drugs with Surprising Nutritional Values, Rheum
Species, Gifts of the Nature
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Cheng Qi , Sun Wenli
Published: January 2022

Nutrition therapy on the basis of traditional medicinal plants and herbs is common in
many Asian countries, especially Iran and China. Rheum species, especially rhubarbs, belong to
plant medicines recognized in 2500 BC. An online search of the literature was carried out at Pubmed/
Medline, Scopus, and Google scholar, covering all years until April 2021. The following key
terms were used, usually in combinations: Rheum species, rhubarb, natural products, pharmaceutical
benefits, anthraquinones and anthranone. After performing the literature search, the bibliographies
of all articles were checked for cross-references that were not found in the search databases.
Articles were selected if they reported any biological effects, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical
compounds and botanical description of Rheum species. The most important components of rhubarb
are anthraquinones, anthranone, stilbenes, tannins and butyrophenones. Anthraquinones consist
of rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin and chrysophanl, and anthranone includes sennosides and
rheinosides. The most important health benefits of rhubarb are antioxidant and anticancer activities,
antimicrobial activity, wound healing action, hepatoprotective and anti-diabetic effects, and
nephroprotective effect, as well as anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antibacterial activities. Integration
of both traditional pharmaceutical science and modern medicines may promote sustainability,
lead to organic life and promote the cultivation of medicinal plants.
Benefits of Coffee Consumption for Human Health: An Overview
Authors: Pereira Jéssica Petrine Castro , Pereira Fernanda Aparecida Castro , Pimenta Carlos José
Published: January 2022

Background:

Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide and is popular
for its characteristic flavor and rich organoleptic properties.

Aim:

Based on published articles, the aims of this review are i) study the association between
coffee consumption and benefits to human health; ii) the effects of coffee consumption on
some pathologies; and iii) provide a description of coffee’s bioactive compounds.

Discussion:

Coffee presents bioactive compounds, which include phenolic compounds, especially
chlorogenic acid (caffeoylquinic acid), trigonelline, and diterpenes, such as cafestol and
kahweol. These compounds are related to the beneficial effects for human health, including
high antioxidant activity, antimutagenic activity, hepatoprotective action, reduced incidence of
type 2 diabetes mellitus, reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, decreased incidence of inflammatory
diseases, reduced menopausal symptoms, and others. Coffee’s bioactive compounds
are caffeine, chlorogenic acid, trigonelline, cafestol and kahweol, which are closely related
to coffee’s beneficial effects.

Conclusion:

The present review clarified that the benefits of moderate coffee consumption
outweigh the associated risks.
Single-Atom Nanocatalysts for Biosensing Application
Authors: Ge Xiaoxiao , Liu Zhifan , Zhang Weiying , Guo Shaojun
Published: January 2022

Single-atom (SA) catalysts, as a rising star in the catalytic field, have many advantages
over traditional nanocatalysts. SA catalysts have improved catalytic activity, a simple and tunable
structure, and obvious active sites, which might provide a good opportunity for biosensing technique
innovation. This paper will review the latest research progress of SA catalysts in the biosensing
field. In particular, we will emphasize on the biosensing strategies for the determination of
disease-related biological matrices (H2O2, biological enzyme, NO) and environmental pollutants
(organophosphorus pesticides, heavy metal ions, and volatile organic compounds). Finally, we
will provide some perspective and discuss the challenges that SA catalysts continue to face.
Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Biological Studies of New Heterocyclic
Compounds Derived from β-Diketones as Novel EGFR and Pim-1 Inhibitors
Endowed with Antitumor Activity
Authors: Mohareb Rafat Milad , Bagato Noha M. Asaad , Radwan Ibrahim Taha
Published: January 2022

Background:

Cancer is a disease illustrated by a shift in the controlled mechanisms that control both cell
proliferation and differentiation. It is regarded as a prime health problem worldwide and a leading cause of human
death rate exceeded only by cardiovascular diseases. Many reported works are concerned with discovering new antitumor
compounds, encouraging us to synthesize new anticancer agents.

Objective:

In this work, we aimed to synthesize target molecules from 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds through heterocyclization
reactions.

Method:

The reaction of either 4-methylaniline (1a) or 1-naphthylamine (1b) with diethyl malonate (2) gave the anilide
derivatives 3a and 3b, respectively. The latter underwent a series of heterocyclization reactions to give the pyridine,
pyran, and thiazole derivatives confirmed by the required spectral data.

Results:

The in-vitro antitumor evaluation of the newly synthesized products against three cancer cell lines, MCF-7,
NCI-H460, SF-268, and WI 38, which were used as the normal cell lines, was conducted, and the data revealed that
compounds 11a, 18b, 18c, and 20d showed high antitumor activity and 20d individualized with potential antitumor
activity towards cell lines with lowest cytotoxicity effect. Both EGFR and PIM-1 enzymes inhibition were investigated
for the compound 20d, and it was found that the inhibition effect of compound 20d was promising for each enzyme,
showing IC50 = 45.67 ng and 553.3 ng for EGFR and PIM-1, respectively.

Conclusion:

Molecular docking results of compound 20d showed strong binding interactions with both the enzymes,
where good binding modes were obtained in the case of EGFR, which was closely similar to the binding mode of
standard Erlotinib.While 20d showed complete superimposition binding interactions with VRV-cocrystallized ligand
of PIM-1 that may expound the in-vitro antitumor activity.
Enhanced Anti-Proliferative Effect of Carboplatin in Ovarian Cancer
Cells Exploiting Chitosan-Poly (Lactic Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles
Authors: Dhanapal Jeevitha , Alassaif Fatima Redah , Alassaif Eman Redah , Kaushik Amit Kumar
Published: January 2022

Objective:

The present article aimed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of carboplatin (CP)
using the formulation of chitosan-poly (lactic glycolic acid) nanoparticles (CS-PLGA NPs).

Methods:

Nanoparticles were synthesized by an ionic gelation method and were characterized for their
morphology, particle size, and surface potential measurements by TEM and zeta sizer. This study was
highlighted for the evaluation of drug entrapment, loading and in vitro drug release capabilities of the
prepared nanoparticles by spectrophotometric analysis. The stability study was also conducted after 3
months for their particle size, zeta potential, drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies. Further, ovarian
cancer cell line PEO1 was used to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of nano-formulation by MTT
assay. Additionally, the study was evaluated for apoptosis using flow cytometric analysis.

Result:

The CS-PLGA-CP NPs were uniform and spherical in shape. The particle size and zeta potential
of CS-PLGA-CP NPs were measured to be 156 ±6.8 nm and +52 ±2.4 mV, respectively. High encapsulation
(87.4 ± 4.5 %) and controlled retention capacities confirmed the efficiency of the prepared
nanoparticles in a time and dose-dependent manner. The cytotoxicity assay results also showed that
CS-PLGA-CP NPs have a high efficiency on PEO1 cells compared to the free drug. The flow cytometric
result showed 64.25 % of the PEO1 cells were apoptotic, and 8.42 % were necrotic when treated
with CS-PLGA-CP NPs.

Conclusion:

Chitosan-PLGA combinational polymeric nanoparticles were not only steady but also
non-toxic. Our experiments revealed that the chitosan-PLGA nanoparticles could be used as a challenging
vehicle candidate for drug delivery for the therapeutic treatment of ovarian cancer.
Polysaccharides to Combat Viruses (COVID-19) and Microbes: New
updates
Authors: AlMatar Manaf , Makky Essam A. , Ramli Aizi Nor Mazila , Kafkas Nesibe Ebru , Köksal Fatih
Published: January 2022

COVID-19, which is speedily distributed across the world and presents a significant
challenge to public health, is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2). Following MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and SARS, this is the third severe
coronavirus outbreak in less than 20 years. To date, there are no exact agents and vaccines available
for the treatment of COVID-19 that are clinically successful. Antimicrobial medications are effective
in controlling infectious diseases. However, the extensive use of antibiotics makes microbes
more resistant to drugs and demands novel bioactive agents’ development. Polysaccharides are currently
commonly used in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries for their remarkable applications.
Polysaccharides appear to have a wide range of anti-virus (anti-coronavirus) and antimicrobial
applications. Polysaccharides are able to induce bacterial cell membrane disruption as they demonstrate
potency in binding onto the surfaces of microbial cells. Here, the antiviral mechanisms
of such polysaccharides and their success in the application of antiviral infections are reviewed. Additionally,
this report provides a summary of current advancements of well-recognized
polysaccharides as antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agents.
Evaluation of Rare-earth Sesquioxides Nanoparticles as a Bottom-up
Strategy Toward the Formation of Functional Structures
Authors: dos Santos Silas Cardoso , Rodrigues Junior Orlando , Campos Leticia Lucente
Published: January 2022

Background:

The strategy to form functional structures based on powder technology relies
on the concept of nanoparticles characteristics. Rare-earth sesquioxides (RE2O3; RE as Y, Tm, Eu)
exhibit remarkable properties, and their fields of application include energy, astronomy, environmental,
medical, information technology, industry, and materials science. The purpose of this paper is to
evaluate the characteristics of RE2O3 nanoparticles as a bottom-up strategy to form functional materials
for radiation dosimetry.

Methods:

The RE2O3 nanoparticles were characterized by the following techniques: XRD, SEM, PCS,
FTIR, ICP, EPR, and zeta potential.

Results:

All RE2O3 samples exhibited cubic C-type structure in accordance with the sesquioxide diagram,
chemical composition over 99.9 %, monomodal mean particle size distribution, in which d50
value was inferior to 130 nm. Among all samples, only yttrium oxide exhibited an EPR signal, in
which the most intense peak was recorded at 358mT and g 1.9701.

Conclusion:

Evaluating nanoparticle characteristics is extremely important by considering a bottom-up
strategy to form functional materials. The RE2O3 nanoparticles exhibit promising characteristics for
application in radiation dosimetry.
Возбуждение и ионизация частицы в одномерной потенциальной яме нулевого радиуса предельно коротким световым импульсом
Authors: Архипов Р.М. , Архипов М.В. , Пахомов А.В. , Розанов Н.Н.
Published: January 2022

The Migdal sudden perturbation approximation is used to solve the problem of excitation and ionization
particles in a one-dimensional potential of zero radius with an extremely short pulse. There is has only one energy level in such a one-dimensional the delta-shaped potential well. It is shown that for
pulse durations shorter than the characteristic period of oscillations of the wave function of the particle in the bound state, the population of the level (and the probability of ionization) is determined by the ratio of the electric the area of ​​the pulse to the characteristic “scale” of the area inversely proportional to the area of ​​localization of the particle in a bound state.
Versatility of Supported Gold Nanoparticles on Hydrotalcites used for Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
Authors:   Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France, Drault Fabien , Snoussi Youssef ,   Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France, Ferraz Camila P. ,   Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France, Thuriot-Roukos Joelle ,   Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France, Heyte Svetlana ,   Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France, Junior Ivaldo Itabaiana ,   Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France,   Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-910, Brazil, Marinova Maya ,   Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, FR 2638 - IMEC - Institut Michel-Eugène Chevreul, F-59000 Lille, France, Paul Sébastien ,   Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France, Wojcieszak Robert ,   Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
Published: January 2022

Regardless of their size, supported gold nanoparticles are largely used for liquid-phase oxidation reactions. Small gold nanoparticles exhibit good performance during the reduction of organic compounds. The direct reduction of carboxylic acid to aldehyde is a famous and familiar reaction in the field of organic chemistry and is considered as one of the fundamental chemical transformations. Herein, we present Au/hydrotalcite, Au/MgO, and Au/Al2O3 systems as heterogeneous versatile catalysts to realize the oxidation of furfural (FF) to furoic acid (FA) and realize the reduction of FA to FF. Experiments showed that in standard aqueous conditions under air, FF can be easily oxidized to FA. When DMSO was used as a solvent to conduct the experiments under an atmosphere of CO2, FA was reduced to FF. The Au/HT series of catalysts was found to be active in both transformations, pointing out the versatility of the gold-based catalysts. The activity significantly depends on the acid-base properties of the catalyst.
Barriers and Facilitators to Accessing Digital Health Tools Faced by South Asian Canadians in Surrey, British Columbia: Community-Based Participatory Action Exploration Using Photovoice (Preprint)
Authors: Hyman Antonia , Stacy Elizabeth , Mohsin Humaira , Atkinson Kaitlin , Stewart Kurtis , Novak Lauscher Helen , Ho Kendall
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

South Asian community members in Canada experience a higher burden of chronic disease than the general population. Digital health innovations provide a significant opportunity to address various health care challenges such as supporting patients in their disease self-management. However, South Asian community members are less likely to use digital tools for their health and face significant barriers in accessing them because of language or cultural factors.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to understand the barriers to and facilitators of digital health tool uptake experienced by South Asian community members residing in Canada.

METHODS

This study used a qualitative community-based participatory action research approach. Residents from Surrey, British Columbia, Canada, who spoke 1 of 4 South Asian languages (Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu, or Tamil) were invited to participate in focus group discussions. A subsample of the participants were invited to use photovoice methods in greater depth to explore the research topics.

RESULTS

A total of 197 participants consented to the focus group discussions, with 12 (6.1%) participating in the photovoice phase. The findings revealed several key obstacles (older age, lack of education, and poor digital health literacy) and facilitators (social support from family or community members and positive attitudes toward technology) to using digital health tools.

CONCLUSIONS

The results support the value of using a community-based participatory action research approach and photovoice methods to engage the South Asian community in Canada to better understand digital health competencies and needs. There were several important implications for policy makers and future research, such as continued engagement of community leaders by health care providers and administrators to learn about attitudes and preferences.
Toward Designs of Workplace Stress Management Mobile Apps for Frontline Health Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond: Design Implications for a Mixed Methods Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chaudhry Beenish Moalla , Islam Ashraful , Matthieu Monica
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

In recent years, mobile apps have been developed to prevent burnout, promote anxiety management, and provide health education to workers in various workplace settings. However, there remains a paucity of such apps for frontline health workers (FHWs), even though FHWs are the most susceptible to stress due to the nature of their jobs.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to provide suggestions for designing stress management apps to address workplace stressors of FHWs based on the understanding of their needs from FHWs’ own perspectives and theories of stress.

METHODS

A mixed methods qualitative study was conducted. Using a variety of search strings, we first collected 41 relevant web-based news articles published between December 2019 and May 2020 through the Google search engine. We then conducted a cross-sectional survey with 20 FHWs. Two researchers independently conducted qualitative analysis of all the collected data using a deductive followed by an inductive approach.

RESULTS

Prevailing uncertainty and fear of contracting the infection was causing stress among FHWs. Moral injury associated with seeing patients die from lack of care and lack of experience in handling various circumstances were other sources of stress. FHWs mentioned 4 coping strategies. Quick coping strategies such as walking away from stressful situations, entertainment, and exercise were the most common ways to mitigate the impact of stress at work. Peer support and counseling services were other popular methods. Building resilience and driving oneself forward using internal motivation were also meaningful ways of overcoming stressful situations. Time constraints and limited management support prevented FHWs from engaging in stress management activities.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study identified stressors, coping strategies, and challenges with applying coping strategies that can guide the design of stress management apps for FHWs. Given that the pandemic is ongoing and health care crises continue, FHWs remain a vulnerable population in need of attention.
Smartphone Sensor Data for Identifying and Monitoring Symptoms of Mood Disorders: A Longitudinal Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Braund Taylor A , Zin May The , Boonstra Tjeerd W , Wong Quincy J J , Larsen Mark E , Christensen Helen , Tillman Gabriel , O’Dea Bridianne
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Mood disorders are burdensome illnesses that often go undetected and untreated. Sensor technologies within smartphones may provide an opportunity for identifying the early changes in circadian rhythm and social support/connectedness that signify the onset of a depressive or manic episode.

OBJECTIVE

Using smartphone sensor data, this study investigated the relationship between circadian rhythm, which was determined by GPS data, and symptoms of mental health among a clinical sample of adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder.

METHODS

A total of 121 participants were recruited from a clinical setting to take part in a 10-week observational study. Self-report questionnaires for mental health outcomes, social support, social connectedness, and quality of life were assessed at 6 time points throughout the study period. Participants consented to passively sharing their smartphone GPS data for the duration of the study. Circadian rhythm (ie, regularity of location changes in a 24-hour rhythm) was extracted from GPS mobility patterns at baseline.

RESULTS

Although we found no association between circadian rhythm and mental health functioning at baseline, there was a positive association between circadian rhythm and the size of participants’ social support networks at baseline (r=0.22; P=.03; R2=0.049). In participants with bipolar disorder, circadian rhythm was associated with a change in anxiety from baseline; a higher circadian rhythm was associated with an increase in anxiety and a lower circadian rhythm was associated with a decrease in anxiety at time point 5.

CONCLUSIONS

Circadian rhythm, which was extracted from smartphone GPS data, was associated with social support and predicted changes in anxiety in a clinical sample of adults with mood disorders. Larger studies are required for further validations. However, smartphone sensing may have the potential to monitor early symptoms of mood disorders.
Percepción de la corrupción en las Alcaldías de la Ciudad de México. Un análisis empírico de la ENCRIGE 2016 y la ENCRIGE-CDMX 2019
Authors: González José Juan Sánchez
Published: January 2022

La medición de la percepción de la corrupción en México había contado con encuestas internacionales, regionales y nacionales, sin contar con una medición en gobiernos locales. La Encuesta Nacional de Calidad Regulatoria e Impacto Gubernamental en Empresas (ENCRIGE, 2016) fue la primera que midió la percepción de la corrupción en cuarenta y dos gobiernos locales, entre las que se incluían diez alcaldías de la Ciudad de México. El INEGI y la Ciudad de México colaboraron en la elaboración de la ENCRIGE-CDMX 2019, la cual aportó datos de las diecieis alcaldías de la CDMX. El objetivo del artículo es analizar mediante el análisis empírico comparado, si la percepción de la corrupción en las alcaldías de la CDMX aumentó o disminuyó entre la ENCRIGE 2016 y la ENCRIGE-CDMX 2019. Tres conclusiones son relevantes: primero, en once alcaldías disminuyó la percepción de la corrupción; segundo, en cuatro alcaldías aumentaron su nivel de percepción de la corrupción; tercero, el 48.8% de las unidades económicas en la Ciudad de México pudo identificar costos monetarios adicionales al realizar acciones relacionadas con las regulaciones.
Único es más que una palabra, es una forma de vida: programa MD/PhD en México
Authors: Flisser Ana , Plett-Torres Tanya , Martínez-Flisser Gina , Cérbulo-Vázquez Arturo , Castillo-Velasco Eric , Soria-Cruz Manjarrez Alicia
Published: January 2022

En este manuscrito se describe el programa, la organización, los avances de los estudiantes y resultados del MD/PhD mexicano, como un estudio de caso. PECEM es el acrónimo del Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina, que inició en 2011 en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). El PECEM se desarrolla como un programa único, parecido al MD/PhD, que incluye la titulación de la licenciatura y la obtención del grado de doctor en medicina en un solo plan de estudios con una duración de ocho años (16 semestres). Se basa en que, durante la licenciatura de medicina, los alumnos del PECEM llevan a cabo siete estancias semestrales de investigación en diversas áreas y con tutores diferentes. Después del internado clínico, el año de servicio social y cinco semestres más, realizan su tesis doctoral y se gradúan. Hasta el momento, se han graduado 11 estudiantes (cinco de la primera generación y seis de la segunda generación), de estos, 10 recibieron mención honorífica y ya fueron aceptados en instituciones de alta calidad en diversos países para proseguir con su formación como investigadores o como médicos especialistas.
Optimization of parameters affecting dealcoholization of anthocyanin extract by liquid emulsion membrane using response surface methodology
Authors: Binnal Prakash , S. Rajashekhara , Patil Jagadish
Published: January 2022

Colour is one of most important properties of foods and beverages and is a basis for their identification and acceptability. Anthocyanin from red cabbage was extracted using 50 % ethanol. The extract was dealcoholized by Liquid Emlusion Membrane technology (LEM). Parafin oil was used as a solvent, lecithin was used as a surfactant and water as stripping medium. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiments. A total of 30 experiments were conducted in accordance with central composite rotatable design. Design expert 8 was used to design the experiments. % extraction of alcohol in each case was determined. A suitable model was fitted to experimental data by regression analysis (R-square=0.93). Response surface plot were analysed and optimum parameters for dealcoholization were found to be speed=365.44 rpm, time=18.62 min, concentration of lecithin=2.84 %, feed to emulsion ratio=3.05. A maximum dealcoholisation of 18.63 % was observed under these conditions
A Mapping Analysis of Maintenance in Industry 4.0
Authors: Di Nardo Mario , Madonna M. , Addonizio P. , Gallab Maryam
Published: January 2022

This paper analyses and reviews the most important literature papers relating to the evolution of maintenance in Industry 4.0 and its applications. The topic's importance is stated by n increasing number of publications in this field, which suggested a systematic literature review.

The proliferation of hardware devices in the workplace, such as smartphones and tablets, has caused engineers to develop the industrial sector 's maintenance world.  This review aims to classify the literature published from 2015 to early 2020 to identify the major benefits and areas where it obtained them. This study surveys the latest approaches and emerging trends in maintenance management strategies commonly used in the era of Industry 4.0. It discusses the state-of-the-art of Industry 4.0 technology and the associated use of manufacturing and maintenance management. The data collection was obtained by conducting a systematic search of the literature.
REST API Composition for Effective Testing the Cloud
Authors: Wolde Behailu Getachew , Boltana Abiot Sinamo
Published: January 2022

Cloud offers many ready-made REST services for the end users. This offer realizes the service composition through implementation somewhere on internet based on Service Level Agreement (SLA). For ensuring this SLA, a software testing is a useful means for attesting a non-functional requirement that guarantees quality assurance from end user's perspective. However, test engineer experiences only what goes in and out through an interface that contains a high level behaviors separated from its underlying details. Testing with these behaviors become an issue for classical testing procedures. So, REST API through composition is an alternative new promising approach for modeling behaviors with parameters against the cloud. This new approach helps to devise test effectiveness in terms of REST based behavior-driven implementation. It aims to understand functional behaviors through API methods based on input domain modeling (IDM) on the standard keyboard pattern. By making an effective REST design the test engineer sends complete test inputs to its API directly on application, and gets test responses from the infrastructure. We consider NEMo mobility API specification to design an IDM, which represents pattern match of mobility search URL API path scope. With this scope, sample mobility REST API service compositions are used. Then, the test assertions are implemented to validate each path resource to test the components and the end-to-end integration on the specified service.
Malware Classification Using Machine Learning and Image Processing
Authors: Mushtaq Zainab
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Malware is routinely used for illegal reasons, and new malware variants are discovered every day. Computer vision in computer security is one of the most significant disciplines of research today, and it has witnessed tremendous growth in the preceding decade due to its efficacy. We employed research in machine-learning and deep-learning technology such as Logistic Regression, ANN, CNN, transfer learning on CNN, and LSTM to arrive at our conclusions. We have published analysis-based results from a range of categorization models in the literature. InceptionV3 was trained using a transfer learning technique, which yielded reasonable results when compared with other methods such as LSTM. On the test dataset, the transferring learning technique was about 98.76 percent accurate, while on the train dataset, it was around 99.6 percent accurate. Keywords: Malware, illegal activity, Deep learning, Network Security,
Internet of Things for Future Smart City Using 5G Networks
Authors: Kaur Simranpreet
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The future of cities lies in blending new technologies with existing infrastructure to tackle tangible, pressing issues such as environmental sustainability and economic opportunities. The enormous pressure towards efficient city initiatives by both government and private sector businesses to invest in Information and Communication Technologies to find sustainable solutions to diverse opportunities and challenges (e.g., waste management). Future smart cities are the key to fulfill the ever growing demands of citizens. Successful smart cities will build a strong, flexible, digital infrastructure that integrates new technology into existing structures. The main goal of a smart city is to optimize city functions and promote economic growth while also improving the quality of life for citizens by using smart technologies and data analysis. According to a new report from @NavigantRSRCH, there are more than 250 smart city projects from178 cities around the world, and the majority focus on government and energy, initiatives, followed by transportation. Keywords: 5G network, Internet of things (IOT), Smart Waste Management System, Safety and Security, Sustainable
Assessment of the strength of the cabin mounting elements of the high-capacity wheeled chassis
Authors:   Bryansk Automobile Plant JSC, Shalupina P.I. , Artyomova A.A. ,   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the issues of modeling the stress-strain state of the attachment points of the cab of a wheeled chassis of high load capacity. The main design loads are determined. Geometric and computational finite element models are constructed, taking into account the features of the metal structure. The technique of gluing elements of the grid model is applied. The contact interaction of the parts is taken into account. Based on the calculations performed, conclusions are drawn about the compliance of the developed structure with the strength requirements.
On Qualification of the Phenomenon of Hybridism of the Use of Force and the Problem of Interference in Internal Affairs of a State
Authors: Korostelev S. V.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this article is to eliminate methodological discrepancies in the definition of the problem of “hybrid” use of force and the possibility of using this construct when interfering in the internal affairs of states. In any conflict situation, the behavior of states in moving towards their national goals can be explained through how they do combine and synchronize (as it is often defined at the present time — «hybrid») the use of means of compellence and coercion available to them. In general, conceptually «hybrid war» can be described as “the synchronized use of multiple instruments of national power, specially selected to obtain mutually reinforcing effects on specific vulnerabilities across the entire spectrum of social processes. The substance of the modern security environment has led to an increase in the number of areas of conflict of interests of actors, the complexity and dynamism of conflicts, and the unpredictability of their outcomes. The formation of the practice of attribution of international responsibility, and the development of the international institutions supporting it, took place gradually and, ultimately, led to such a development of the international security environment, which made an appeal to «hybridity» to promote national interests in the process of political competition of social groups or individuals with divergent interests for power inevitable. The problem of terminology is one of the main obstacles to a clear understanding of the operation of the «hybridity» construct in political competition. The active use of the definition «hybrid» by propaganda in combination with the terms «war», «threats», «hostilities in the gray zone», «operations», «tactics», «competition does not turn into a state of war» political discourse, since these terms are almost never linked to the definition of the desired state of international relations by the state leadership. And if we are talking about the outcome of the collision of interests of actors in competition or conflict, then this desired result is «historically» defined by the term «victory». Thus, the definition of the substance of «victory» is a necessary initial point to onset analyzing the possibilities of turning to any of the instruments of national power in a «hybrid» confrontation.
Potensi Culex quinquefasciatus sebagai Vektor Filariasis dan Kondisi Lingkungan di Kota Pekalongan
Authors: Nurjazuli Nurjazuli , Dewanti Nikie Astorina Yunita
Published: January 2022

Pekalongan City was still an endemic area of Lymphatic Filariasis (LF). Twice cycles ofMass Drug Administration (MDA) had been implemented, but the Microfi laria rate (Mf rate) wasstill more than 1%. This observational research aimed to study the potential of Culex quinquefasciatusas a vector of LF in Pekalongan City. A Cross-sectional design was chosen as an approach in compilinginformation related to environmental factors and mosquitoes. The population of this research washouses located in Jenggot and Kertoharjo village with thirty-one houses, located around fi lariasiscases, purposively selected as samples. Variables studied in this research were environmental factorsand mosquito vectors. Data collection using observation, and laboratory examination throughmosquito dissection. Data would be analyzed descriptively. This study found that there were 8 Culexquinquefasciatus tested positive L3 fi larial worm (infective rate 4.39%). There were 74.2% of houseshad mosquitoes’ breeding sites around them. The breeding sites were found at domestic waste disposal,drainage in front of the house, and infi ltration well for liquid waste. As much as 86.2% of the breedingsites contained mosquito larvae. This research concluded that Cx. quinquefasciatus was confi rmedpositive fi laria worm thus establish as mosquito vector for Lymphatic Filariasis in Pekalongan City.The breeding sites related to the mosquito development were small water bodies, drainage in front ofand around the house.
Aktivitas Larvasida Fraksi N-Heksan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia. L) terhadap Larva Aedes sp.
Authors: Awaluddin Rizki , Sholihatin Binti , Marfu'ah Nurul , Estikomah Solikah Ana
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Aedes sp. is a vector of the dengue virus that causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF).Larvicides are the optimal method for controlling mosquito development. Temephos is a larvicidalagent of the organophosphate group which is reported to cause side eff ects and ecological hazards,as well as resistance based on reports in several country. This study aims to determine the larvicidalactivity of the n-hexane fraction of Morinda citrifolia leaf ethanol extract on Aedes sp. The compoundgroups in the fraction were identifi ed using TLC through UV light and spray reagents. There were sixtypes of treatment including four concentration fractions (400, 600, 800, and 1000 ppm) as treatment,positive control (temephos 1%) and negative control 1% acetone solution. Twenty-fi ve mosquito larvaeof Aedes sp. tested for each treatment. Larval mortality was recorded and LC50 and LC99 values wereanalyzed using the probit. The results showed that the TLC test of the n-hexane fraction was positivefor terpenoids, anthraquinones, phenols, tannins, and fl avonoids. The results showed that the LC50 andLC99 values were 1040 ppm and 2439 ppm. Therefore, the n-hexane fraction of the ethanol extract hadlarvicidal activity on Aedes sp with li le toxicity.
Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) for Modeling Multiagent Systems
Authors: Braz Luiz Fernando , Sichman Jaime Simão
Published: January 2022

The formation of high-performance teams has been a constant challenge for organizations, which despite considering human capital as one of the most important resources, it still lacks the means to allow them to have a better understanding of several factors that influence the formation of these teams. In this sense, studies also demonstrate that teamwork has a significant impact on the results presented by organizations, in which human behavior is highlighted as one of the main aspects to be considered in the building of work teams. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator seeks to classify the behavioral preferences of individuals around eight characteristics, which grouped as dichotomies, describe different psychological types. With it, researchers have sought to expand the ability to understand the human factor, using strategies with multiagent systems that, through experiments and simulations, using computer resources, enable the development of artificial agents that simulate human actions. In this work, we present an overview of the research approaches that use MBTI to model agents, aiming at providing a better knowledge of human behavior. Additionally, we make a preliminary discussion of how these results could be explored in order to advance the studies of psychological factors' influence in organizations' work teams formation.
Proposições educativas e formativas em arte: do (im)previsível dessas composições aos arranjos e invenções de uma aula
Authors: Capra Carmen Lúcia , Momoli Daniel Bruno , Marques Silvia Carla
Published: January 2022

Proposições educativas e formativas em arte: do (im)previsível dessas composições aos arranjos e invenções de uma aula
Tingkat Pendidikan Dengan Fungsi Kognitif Pada Lansia Dalam Periode Aging Population
Authors: Riskiana Nadia Eka Putri Nur , Mandagi Ayik Mirayanti
Published: January 2022

Indonesia mulai memasuki periode aging population, dimana terdapat peningkatan umur harapan hidup yang diikuti dengan peningkatan jumlah pada lansia. Permasalahan memasuki lansia yaitu penurunan daya ingat, hal tersebut juga menjadi masalah utama pada pedagang lansia di pasar Banyuwangi yaitu mudah lupa atau ketidakmampuan dalam mengingat secara detail ketika ada pesanan dari konsumen, sehingga pedagang mengungkapkan konsumen merasa kurang puas dan tidak kembali lagi untuk melakukan transaksi jual beli dan lebih memilih pada penjual yang lebih muda. Dengan itu penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pendidikan dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif pada pedagang lansia di pasar Banyuwangi. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional, kemudian analisis data primer hasil pengisian kuesioner, observasi, dan wawancara. Kuisioner yang digunakan yaitu SPMSQ (Short Portable Memory Short Quisionnare). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para pedagang di Pasar Banyuwangi Jawa Timur yang berjumlah 20 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini nonprobability sampling yaitu memilih teknik sampling incidental. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu sebanyak 85% pedagang lansia normal dan 15% mengalami gangguan fungsi kognitif ringan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,024. Hal tersebut menjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan gangguan fungsi kognitif pada kategori lansia di pasar Banyuwangi Jawa Timur. Sehingga dari penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai pengambilan keputusan dalam membuat program kesehatan pada lansia untuk tetap hidup mandiri dan meningkatkan produktifitas.