bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic status, alternative livelihood and occupational health hazards among the Bidi workers in Tangail district of Bangladesh
Authors: Salim Farhana , Begum Meherunnessa , Imam Shabnam , Sharmin Tanima
Published: January 2025

Aim This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with an aim to find out the socio-economic status, alternative livelihood and occupational health hazards among Bidi workers.
Methods The study was done among 100 conveniently selected current Bidi workers (male and female) using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire.
Result Most of the participants (52%) were in the category of 41- 46 years of age, female (51%) by gender, married (83%), and had no institutional education (63%). Majority of them (42%) earned ≤ 5,000 taka per month only by bidi making. Moreover, majority of them (90%) prefer to work at their home because of convenience. Twenty one percent of worker’s children below 18 years, found to be involved in Bidi making. Majority of the participants were dissatisfied with their job, and this is due to low wage and harmful effects on health. Most of the workers had been suffering from different health hazards. Eighty percent were suffering from chronic cough, 32% from gastric pain, 37% from contact dermatitis and 20% from backache. Other health issues like dizziness, chest pain, high blood pressure and irregular menstruation were also present.
Conclusion In this context, it is anticipated that the recommendation towards developing alternative livelihood option will help to tackle the appalling condition of the workers.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 256-263
Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Postpartum Hemorrhagic Complications: A Retrospective Study of 1,400 Cases
Authors: Elaazia Rachid , Dahou Badreddine , Rkhaila Amine , Chenaichek Afaf , Chahboune Mohammed
Published: January 2025

Obstetric complications, particularly postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), are a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. This retrospective study examines the risk factors associated with hemorrhagic complications in 1,400 patients who delivered between 2019 and 2023. Analyzed variables include age, place of residence, parity, delivery mode, and management methods. The study aims to deepen understanding of these complications to enhance prevention and management strategies. Results indicate that 79% of patients experienced immediate postpartum hemorrhage, while 21% suffered from late-onset hemorrhage. Delivery mode was identified as a crucial factor, with increased risk for instrumental and cesarean deliveries. Additionally, uterine interventions, such as manual removal of placenta and assisted procedures, were associated with elevated hemorrhagic risks. Combination therapies using standardized protocols, including misoprostol and tranexamic acid, demonstrated effectiveness in hemorrhage management. However, disparities based on residence were evident, with rural patients facing limited access to specialized care, potentially exacerbating complications. This study underscores the importance of standardized, proactive management of obstetric complications and advocates for improved healthcare access, particularly in rural areas. Findings provide valuable insights for reducing hemorrhagic risks and improving obstetric outcomes.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 24 No. 01 January’25 Page : 268-278
Effects of Non-Thermal Plasma on Germination, Root and Shoot Length of Tomato Seeds and Ginger Rhizome
Authors: Shivakumar Neeta , Bagade Nikita , Lal Vignesh S , Rajanikanth B S
Published: January 2025

This study examines the effects of Dielectric Barrier Discharge using Non-thermal plasma treatment on the germination and growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seeds and ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizomes. Given the environmental concerns over chemical fertilizers, plasma treatment presents a promising, sustainable alternative for enhancing seed germination and growth. Two types of Dielectric Barrier Discharge plasma-Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge and Volume Dielectric Barrier Discharge were applied to the seeds and rhizomes, with germination rates, root, and shoot lengths assessed through daily observations. Statistical analysis revealed that plasma treatment significantly improved both germination and growth, with Volume Dielectric Barrier Discharge showing superior results compared to Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge. Additionally, plasma treatment was more effective in breaking dormancy in ginger rhizomes than traditional methods. The findings suggest that plasma treatment can enhance seed germination, growth and dormancy breaking, providing a viable alternative to chemical treatments. Further research on plasma exposure parameters could optimize this method for broader agricultural applications, improving sustainability and crop productivity.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 141-152, 2024 (December)
Genetic Diversity Study of Indigenous Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes from Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Monirul , Islam Safaiatul , Das Pronabananda , Kabir M H , Mamun A N K
Published: January 2025

Six SSR markers, namely, RM17, RM19, RM25, RM30, RM206 and RM225 were used to study the genetic diversity among the seven rice genotypes which are highly polymorphic, reliable, and have been shown to be linked to important traits in rice. The most alleles were found in locus RM17, whilst the fewest alleles were found in loci RM25 and RM225. The rice varieties Hori and B-11 were shown to have the lowest genetic distance, but various combinations of rice varieties between Lombur, Pokkali, BRRIdhan-29, Kalampazam, and BRRIdhan-47 showed distinct genetic distances. UPGMA dendrogram prefaced partitioning of 7 rice varieties, indigenous Lombur and salt tolerant Pokkali varieties were closely related in one cluster and another cluster containing rest of varieties in one group. It can be concluded that Lombur rice varieties having rich genetic information resources linked with improved agronomic traits and stress tolerance is a significant rice genotypes for sustainable mutation breeding program.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 123-132, 2024 (December)
Production of Plant Garbage Juice and Its Effects on Plant Growth, Antibacterial Activity and Soil Reconditioning
Authors: Meem Jerin Shikder , Akter Mst Rony , Mahmud Shahin , Ali Md Rayhan , Hasan Mohammad Kamrul , Mohiuddin A K M
Published: January 2025

Plant Garbage Juice (PGJ) is a highly concentrated bio-molecular solution. It contains water and bio-molecules such as acetic acid, sugar, proteins, alcohol, as well several enzymes like protease, amylase, lipase, and papain. It is promoted as a multifunctional solution for agricultural and domestic needs.  In this investigation, two types of PGJ solutions were prepared to observe their various effects. The first one was prepared with mixed vegetable peels (PGJ-1) and the second with citrus peels (PGJ-2). Both solutions were acidic in nature, pH and EC (Electrical Conductivity) were detected as 4.3, 5.3 in PGJ-1, and 3.3, 2.58 in PGJ-2, respectively. PGJ-1 solution was applied to Aloe chinensis, a dwarf cultivar, and the growth rate was found to be higher than the control. In treatment 2 (T-2) of PGJ-1, the 2:1000 solution with water showed the best results for plant growth activities. The leaves of Aloe chinensis was found to turned brown green to dark green and the leaf thickness increased from 3.1 mm to 12.6 mm. The trash enzymes of PGJ solutions (I and II) exhibited antibacterial action against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, especially against pathogenic drug-resistant E. coli. PGJ-1 solution showed the highest zone of inhibition of 16 mm comparable to commercial antibiotic disk. PGJ solutions that have a catalytic enzyme showed the soil reconditioning process, such as a reduction of soil salinity. The mean of 20 soil samples showed that PGJ decreased the pH from 7.78 to 7.43. Similarly, the mean EC value of 20 soil samples also decreased from 0.45 ms/cm to 0.15 ms/cm. The pH and EC values of an alkaline sample also decreased significantly from 8.05 to 7.31 and 1.85 to 0.12, respectively. The results determined indicate that PGJ is a cost-effective plant growth-promoting factor and an eco-friendly substitute for minimizing global threats to agriculture.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 34(2): 237-245, 2024 (December)
Prevalence and associated risk factors of sub-clinical mastitis in lactating cows in selected area of Bangladesh
Authors: Md Mahfuzur Rahman Sajib  , ASM Atiquzzaman  , Bristi Devnath  , Farzana Fiza Rahima  , Md Abdul Jalil
Published: January 2025

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) in the dairy farm at Shahjadpur Upazila in Sirajganj District of Bangladesh from December 2022 to December 2023. A total of 150 lactating cows was randomly selected and screened for SCM by using the California Mastitis Test (CMT). The overall prevalence of SCM at the farm level was 67.5% whereas at individual-level was 55.33% followed by quarter level (28.50%). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis was significantly higher in cross-bred cows (59.28%) compared to indigenous (40%). The cows with a daily milk yield of ≥16 L showed a higher prevalence of subclinical mastitis (69.41%). The prevalence during early lactation (£2 months) was recorded comparatively higher (59.26%). Age-wise prevalence was more prominent in ≥7-year-old cows, which was 72.09%. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis was comparatively higher (58.88%) in lactating cows that were housed with semi-paka floors compared to the muddy floor (41.18%). This study revealed the increasing prevalence with the increasing number of parities that was higher (70.00%) at ≥4th parity and lowest at 1st parity (45.00%). Descriptive statistics represented the farm demography and management status in the study area. The findings of the study may develop awareness among farmers and other stakeholders to prevent subclinical mastitis in dairy cows.
Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 11, No. 3, December 2024: 271-281
Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) Dan Pendidikan Ibu Berhubungan Dengan Status Gizi Balita
Authors: Deo Florianus Alva , Metrikayanto Wahyu Dini , Susmini Susmini
Published: January 2025

Balita kelompok rentan gizi, penderita gizi buruk dapat mengalami pertumbuhan jangka pendek dan mengalami keterbatasan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan jaringan tubuh, pikiran dan otak, sehingga mempengaruhi tingkat kesadaran otak.Tujuan penelitian mengetahui hubungan pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) dengan pendidikan ibu dan status gizi balita  di Desa Pandansari Kecamatan Ngantang Provinsi Malang. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 267 anak prasekolah, sampel penelitian 73 responden dengan menggunakan simple random sampling. Instrumenmenggunakan angket dan lembar observasi. Uji analisis chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar balita tidak mendapatkan makanan tambahan (52,1%), hampir separuh ibu yang memiliki balita berpendidikan SMA (42,5%), dan hampir separuh balita mengalami gizi buruk (49,3%). Hasil uji chi-square p=0,000 (X1) dan p-value=0,001 (X2), dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) dan pendidikan ibu dengan status gizi balita di Desa Pandansari Kecamatan Ngantang Kabupaten Malang. Direkomendasikan penelitian selanjutnya mengkaji faktor-faktor lain yang mungkin mempengaruhi pelaksanaan program PMT
Role of Vitamin B12 in the Synthesis of Iron-Sulphur Proteins
Authors: Russell-Jones Gregory John
Published: January 2025

Production of iron-sulphur proteins involves the movement of the sulphur atom from methionine into the sulphation pathway, via the enzyme cystathionine beta synthase. The activity of cystathionine beta synthase requires stimulation by high levels of S-Adenosylmethionine. Maintenance of S-Adenosylmethionine levels is dependent upon the methylation cycle, and more specifically of methyl-Co(III)cobalamin. Urinary Organic Acids Test data has been used to compare markers of functional vitamin B12 deficiency, with levels of the functional markers of aconitase deficiency (citrate) and succinate dehydrogenase deficiency (succinate). Studies reported here have shown for the first time that the activity of two iron-sulphur proteins, aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase are dramatically reduced in functional vitamin B12 deficiency. Such reduction is accompanied by increased secretion of succinic acid, aconitic acid and pyroglutamate. These studies have profound implications for understanding the processes involved in the development of diseases such as dementia, Parkinson’s Disease, and autism, each of which is associated with the vitamin B12 deficiency marker, homocysteine.
Use of Probiotics as Adjuncts in Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Literature Review
Authors: Pacheco Nicolás Zambrano , Orozco Carolina López , Jaramillo Rubiel Antonio Marín
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with dysbiotic plaque biofilms, characterized by clinical attachment loss (CAL) and alveolar bone loss, which negatively impacts quality of life. There are several treatment approaches, including surgical methods and the use of antibiotics, but limitations and bacterial resistance have led to the search for more effective alternatives. Probiotics may inhibit the recolonization of periodontopathogens through direct and indirect mechanisms. However, evidence regarding their efficacy in the treatment of periodontitis is still inconclusive due to the diversity of methodologies in the studies.

Objective: Review the existing literature to evaluate the benefits of probiotics as adjuncts in non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Materials and Methods: A search was conducted in electronic databases (PubMed) up to September 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing scaling and root planing (SRP) combined with probiotics versus SRP alone or with placebo. The outcome variables evaluated included clinical periodontal parameters, immunological and microbiological monitoring.

Results: Twelve RCTs were included that evaluated clinical periodontal, microbiological, and immunological parameters. Five demonstrated effectiveness in improving clinical periodontal parameters, four showed a reduction in periodontal pathogens, and three found improvements in the immune response of patients using probiotics as adjuncts to scaling and root planing (SRP).

Conclusions: Studies indicate that probiotic supplementation could improve clinical, microbiological, and immunological parameters in patients with periodontal disease. However, the effectiveness of these probiotics varies depending on the formulation, method of administration, duration of treatment, and type of periodontal disease. Long-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to confirm the efficacy of probiotics as adjuncts in periodontal treatment and to assess their impact on health over time.
Structured Nanoemulsion Lipid as Alternative to Obesity Control: An In Vivo Study
Authors: ZUIN Júlia Cristina , MALVEIRA Alice da Silva , MACEDO Juliana Alves , GAMBERO Alessandra , MACEDO Gabriela Alves
Published: January 2025

Due to the global obesity epidemic, creating low-calorie foods for the industry is critical. Behenic acid, by partially inhibiting pancreatic lipase and decreasing fat absorption, is a promising option when included in structured lipids. This study evaluated the impact of chronic consumption and the anti-obesity potential of lipids structured with behenic acid in mice, comparing traditional and nanoemulsified forms. Diets with behenic acid promoted an excellent lipid metabolic impact, with good absorption of essential fatty acids in the liver and demonstrated excretion of this fatty acid in feces, suggesting its low absorption. The nanoemulsinated version stood out for presenting 50% less weight gain than diets with lard, improved insulin resistance, reduction in adipose tissue and absence of hepatic steatosis. The literature on the behavior of nanoemulsions in the digestive process is limited. Therefore, this study presents significant results for the development of low-calorie products.
A Non-Saturation Approach for Obtaining the Fiber-Matrix Interfacial Shear Strength in Glass Fiber Composites
Authors: Holmes Gale A. , Ahure Louise A.
Published: January 2025

The single fiber fragmentation test (SFFT) as currently devised involves the repeated fracture of a fiber embedded in a matrix dogbone specimen until the fragmentation process ceases (saturation). The average fragment length (lƒ) obtained from this test procedure is then used in a shear-lag model to determine the fiber-matrix (F-M) interfacial shear strength (IFSS) (tIFSS). This testing methodology has many issues that have precluded it from becoming a standardized test method. In 1991 Galiotis et al. developed a model-independent non-saturation approach for obtaining the F-M IFSS in SFFT specimens composed of Raman active fibers by directly measuring the strain in the deformed fiber. In addition to showing that the fiber strain profile best fit the Cox shear-lag model, their F-M IFSS values, which they termed tISS exceeded the yield stress of the epoxy matrix. In this paper, a non-saturation approach is put forth to obtain the F-M IFSS for Raman inactive glass fiber composites based on the average strain in the fiber (t〈ISS〉). A slight modification of the Cox shear-lag model is required along with the observation that the thermoset matrix that is used deforms in a nonlinear anelastic manner.
Automated hiring platforms as mythmaking machines and their symbolic economy
Authors: Grenier Etienne , Chartier-Edwards Nicolas
Published: January 2025

Automated hiring platforms offer critical Artificial Intelligence (AI) researchers a privileged site for the study of technological controversies and their unfolding as they often end up entangled in scandals. In 2019, an official complaint filed with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) outlines the main controversy created by such systems, directly targeting HireVue’s platform. According to the FTC, these systems “evaluate a job applicant’s qualifications based upon their appearance by means of an opaque, proprietary algorithm” (FTC, 2019, p.1). Existing critical literature outlines how Basic Emotions theory (Ekman, 1999) and its deployment through an AI-powered system fuel ventures such as automated hiring platforms (Stark, 2018). Therein lies a form of opportunism where the use of available audiovisual data and the revalorization of heavily criticized and simplistic theories about the human mind create discriminatory automated decision-making grounded in bogus science (Crawford, 2021). Even if HireVue slightly modified its product by removing the video analysis component in reaction to the critiques formulated by regulatory bodies, the company kept AI-powered voice analysis, its one-sided video interview technique and the multitude of gaming assignments designed to evaluate candidates. Going beyond scandals and hype, this article aims to tackle the inevitable political economy generated by automated hiring systems. Indeed, job seekers are confronted with a system that disrupts a well-established, sociologically stable technique, the interview, and its technical object counterpart, the resume. We assert that the gaps of nonknowledge (Beer, 2023) created by the one-sided interviews break the commonly accepted interactionist framework that originally informed the hiring process. Using HireVue as a case study, we lay bare the political economy of AI-powered automated hiring platforms, highlighting how individuals assess their capacity to acquire agency in the face of opaque technologies.
The technological drama of AI
Authors: Minocher Xerxes
Published: January 2025

Introduced in 2016 as a watershed moment in AI development, the announcement of AlphaGo – the first AI system to beat a human professional in the board game of go – garnered a range of mass publicity, and this media coverage often forms the core of scholarly analysis, too. Drawing on a novel dataset of online discussions by professional and amateur players from 2016-2020 which covers the introduction and retirement of AlphaGo, as well as the construction of alternative systems, I outline a new perspective of the impact of the system on the playing community. Moving beyond recognition of audience-centric responses of enchantment/disenchantment by these players, I articulate a process of engagement through which meaning-making and reconstruction occurred within the go community. These findings emphasize the importance of including multiple perspectives in analysis and draws attention to the influence of impacted constituencies in AI construction.
Analisis Laporan Keuangan Untuk Mengukur Kinerja Keuangan PT. Teknologi Karya Digital Nusa Tbk
Authors: Kurniawan April
Published: January 2025

This research analyzes the financial performance of PT. Teknologi Karya Digital Nusa Tbk during the period of 2019-2022 using financial ratios. The purpose of this study is to assess the company's financial performance through liquidity, solvency, activity, and profitability ratios. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from the company's financial statements. The analysis shows a significant improvement in liquidity ratios, with the Current Ratio increasing from 110% in 2019 to 254% in 2022. Solvency ratios show fluctuation but reflect an overall decrease in the proportion of debt. The activity ratios indicate enhanced operational efficiency, while profitability ratios demonstrate consistent growth in net profit margin, return on equity, and return on investment. These findings suggest that PT. Teknologi Karya Digital Nusa Tbk has strengthened its financial position, improving efficiency and profitability amidst industry challenges.
 
Penelitian ini menganalisis kinerja keuangan PT. Teknologi Karya Digital Nusa Tbk selama periode 2019-2022 menggunakan rasio keuangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai kinerja keuangan perusahaan melalui rasio likuiditas, solvabilitas, aktivitas, dan profitabilitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan perusahaan. Analisis menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam rasio likuiditas, dengan Current Ratio meningkat dari 110% pada 2019 menjadi 254% pada 2022. Rasio solvabilitas menunjukkan fluktuasi tetapi mencerminkan penurunan proporsi utang secara keseluruhan. Rasio aktivitas mencerminkan peningkatan efisiensi operasional, sementara rasio profitabilitas menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang konsisten dalam Nett Profit Margin, Return On Equity, dan Return On Investment. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa PT. Teknologi Karya Digital Nusa Tbk telah memperkuat posisinya secara finansial, meningkatkan efisiensi dan profitabilitas di tengah tantangan industri.
Dampak Cemas Terhadap Kesehatan Reproduksi Pekerja Wanita Usia Subur
Authors: Puteri Febyona Jolest , Febriawati Henni , Emi Kosvianti  , Nopia Wati  , Weti
Published: January 2025

Berdasarkan angka Badan Pusat Statistik, persentase profesi perempuan sebagai tenaga profesional turun sebanyak 1,34% pada tahun 2022. Sebelumnya sebanyak 49,99% menjadi 48,65%. Pekerja dengan depresi/cemas indeks tinggi 100% dan rata-rata sebesar 89,5% mengalami gangguan kesehatan reproduksi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak depresi/cemas terhadap kesehatan reproduksi pada pekerja wanita usia subur (WUS) dengan rentang usia 15-49 tahun. Metode penelitian ini adalah Mixed Methods (metode campuran) dengan strategi embedded concurrent dan menggunakan analisis data kuantitatif-kualitatif bertahap. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 10 orang wanita usia subur. Pada hasil tes Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ)-20 yang dilakukan pada sampel 10 orang pekerja wanita usia subur diperoleh hasil 3 orang responden yang mengalami depresi/cemas. Hasil wawancara mendalam (In-Depth Interview) menunjukkan bahwa depresi/cemas tersebut berdampak pada kesehatan reproduksi pekerja wanita usia subur seperti siklus menstruasi tidak teratur dan gangguan kehamilan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah adanya hubungan antara depresi/cemas dengan kesehatan reproduksi wanita usia subur Saran peneliti kepada seluruh wanita untuk tetap berusaha melakukan hal positif saat depresi/cemas dan konsultasikan lebih lanjut pada ahlinya.
PERAN KOMUNIKASI EFEKTIF DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DALAM PENCEGAHAN SPEECH DELAY PADA BALITA
Authors: Suraya Citra , Citra Wisuda Aris , Rusmarita Rusmarita
Published: January 2025

Speech delay pada balita merupakan salah satu permasalahan perkembangan yang dapat memengaruhi keterampilan komunikasi anak di masa depan. Salah satu faktor penting yang dapat mencegah terjadinya speech delay adalah komunikasi efektif antara orang tua, pengasuh, dan anak serta dukungan keluarga yang optimal. Tujuan dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan penerapan komunikasi efektif dan dukungan keluarga dalam mencegah speech delay pada balita di RSUD Siti Fatimah Az-Zahra, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan pada tahun 2024. Metode yang digunakan dalam program ini meliputi tiga tahap utama, yaitu (1) identifikasi balita yang berisiko mengalami speech delay, (2) penyusunan materi dan panduan penerapan komunikasi efektif serta peran keluarga dalam pencegahan speech delay, dan (3) pelaksanaan edukasi kepada orang tua mengenai penerapan komunikasi efektif dan dukungan keluarga untuk mencegah speech delay pada balita. Hasil dari pelaksanaan program menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 33 balita yang ikut serta, dengan mayoritas berusia 1-3 tahun (78,8%) dan sisanya berusia 3-5 tahun (21,2%). Seabgian besar orang tua menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan hingga 85,76%. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat memperkuat peran mereka dalam mendukung perkembangan komunikasi dan bahasa anak-anak mereka.
SCREENING PENYAKIT TIDAK MENULAR HEPERTENSI DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN TEKANAN DARAH
Authors: Ratna Agustiningrum  , Nurhidayati Istianna , Suciana Fitri , Wulan Agustina Nur
Published: January 2025

Penyakit hipertensi menimbulkan kecacatan permanen, kematian mendadak dan yang berakibat sangat fatal. Hipertensi merupakan salah satu jenis penyakit degeneratif tidak menular yang menjadi masalah serius bagi kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia maupun di dunia Untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup agar tidak menimbulkan masalah di masyarakat perlu upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan hipertensi dimulai dengan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dan perubahan pola hidup ke arah yang lebih sehat. Hiperkolesterol ialah keadaan dimana kadar kolesterol dalam tubuh melebihi keadaan normal Hiperkolesterol dapat meningkatkan risiko terkena aterosklerosis, penyakit jantung koroner, pankreatitis (peradangan pada organ pankreas), diabetes melitus, gangguan tiroid, penyakit hepar & penyakit ginjal. Pada kegiatan ini akan dilakukan pemeriksaan tekanan darah menggunakan alat sphygmomanometer, pemeriksaan kolesterol darah menggunakan alat ukur hematologi analyzer dengan mengambil darah di vena brakialis sebagai sampel pemeriksaannya.
Pruning and optimization of optical neural network as a binary optical trigger
Authors: Zhao Bokun , Dong Xuening , Rahbardar Mojaver Kaveh , Meyer Brett H. , Liboiron-Ladouceur Odile
Published: January 2025

Optical neural networks implemented with Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) arrays are a promising solution to enable fast and energy-efficient machine learning inference, yet finding a practical application has proven challenging due to sensitivity to thermal noise and loss. To leverage the distinct advantages of integrated optical processors while avoiding its shortcomings given the current state of optical computing, we propose the binary optical trigger as a promising field of application. Implementable as small-scale application-specific circuitry on edge devices, the binary trigger runs binary classification tasks and output binary signals to decide if a subsequent energy intensive system should activate. Motivated by the limited task complexity, constrained area and power budgets of binary triggers, we perform 1) systematic, application-specific hardware pruning by physically removing specific MZIs, and 2) application-specific optimizations in the form of false negative reduction and weight quantization, as well as 3) sensitivity studies capturing the effect of imperfections in real optical components. The result is a customized MZI-mesh topology, MiniBokun Mesh, whose structure provides adequate performance and robustness for a targeted task complexity. We demonstrate in simulation that the pruning methodology achieves at least 50% less MZI usage compared to Clements and Reck meshes with the same input size, translating to at least between 4.6% and 24.2% savings in power consumption and a 40% reduction in physical circuitry footprint compared to other proposed unitary MZI topologies, sacrificing only 1%–2% drop in inference accuracy.
Identifying stress reduction factors in built environment through medical staff involvement
Authors: Waroonkun Tanut , Wejaphikul Karn , van der Hoeven Supuck , Chotirat Jutamat , Pittayaporn Nitchakarn
Published: January 2025

Physical environment factors in healthcare facilities play an important role in user health and wellbeing, especially among healthcare workers. This research studies the problems, prioritization, and in-depth details of each physical environment factor that affects the stress levels of medical staff. It also seeks to involve medical staff in identifying the built environment factors that influence their stress levels. An examination and comparison of the physical environment factors that affect the mental health and stress of out-patient and pediatric ward staff will also be presented. A three-step data collection process was used: physical environment observation using a checklist, a survey using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) questionnaire, and individual interviews. Data were collected from 16 medical staff in the pediatric out-patient ward and 17 medical staff in medicine out-patient ward. The observational findings showed that the two out-patient wards had similar environmental problems. AHP ranking findings illustrate that acoustics, privacy, and accessibility were issues of concern for both out-patient ward medical staff. Four different themes emerged from the analysis of the medical staff interviews. Two design recommendations are made to reduce medical staff stress: improving the working environment to decrease stress and improving space management.
Behavioral city
Authors: Viale Riccardo
Published: January 2025

Behavioral City is a new concept that aims to integrate the behavioural approach of city policy making and the behavioural approach of urban planning. Behavioral Urbanism (BU) and its related area of study, behavioural architecture, is an interdisciplinary field focused on the interaction between humans and the built environment, studying the effects of social, cognitive and emotional factors in understanding the spatial behaviour of individuals. Behavioral Public Policy (BPP) is an approach to public policy that uses the tools of cognitive science and behavioural economics to identify how to change citizen behaviour towards individual and collective wellbeing goals.
Competitive pattern of global tin products trade from the perspective of industry chain
Authors: Jin Yuning , Dai Tao
Published: January 2025

With the application of tin in photovoltaic power generation, new energy vehicles, and other emerging industries, the contradiction between the supply and demand of tin resources has become increasingly prominent, which further exacerbates the competition between tin resource importing and exporting countries. According to the global trade data from 2002 to 2022, this paper classifies five kinds of tin-containing products into three commodity types, namely, upstream, midstream, and downstream, and constructs the international trade network, import competition network, and export competition network. This paper selects key competitive countries and relationships, examines the characteristics of specific communities, and analyzes the network’s structural features and evolution patterns over time. The results showed that: (1) The distribution of the intensity of competition in tin products is very uneven, the trend of oligopoly in upstream product competition is obvious, and the competition in midstream and downstream products is getting more and more intense. (2) The tin industry chain has developed a tripartite pattern of import competition in Asia, Europe, and North America. Developed countries primarily compete in midstream tin products, while developing countries focus on importing upstream and downstream tin products. (3) The export competition for tin products is primarily concentrated in Asia, with Malaysia losing its centrality and Myanmar, Indonesia, and China gaining the centrality. (4) The competition communication in upstream tin products is more evident than in midstream and downstream products, and their stability is stronger. The above analysis can help countries identify their trade competitors and provide suggestions for finding new partners.
Managing complexity in cross-cohort classrooms: strategies for effective implementation of real-life projects
Authors: Das Syaamantak , Iyer Sridhar
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Real-life project-based courses aim to enhance student learning by integrating authentic projects into the curriculum. However, the complexity of these projects, due to their VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, and Ambiguous) nature, can pose significant challenges, especially for students new to the concepts and skills being taught. This study addresses the overarching question: “How can a systematic model be developed and implemented to effectively manage teaching and learning through developing a real-life project in a hybrid cross-cohort environment?”.

Methods

The study was conducted within an Instructional Systems Design (ISD) course in a hybrid cross-cohort class structure. A diverse class of 27 students with varying backgrounds participated in the course. Data were collected through surveys, interviews, and instructor observations. The implementation process involved multiple student cohorts, primary stakeholders of the project, subject matter experts, and instructors.

Results

The study resulted in the development of the proposed 3 Square model to manage hybrid cross-cohort learning environments. Students engaged in developing a real-life project—a public awareness website for Persons with Disabilities (PwD) in a university environment. They navigated the complexities of coordinating within a cross-cohort classroom and developed critical skills such as autonomous decision-making and effective communication. Outcomes included efficient time management, achievement of project objectives, and tangible learning outcomes such as mastering ISD topics, using new tools, and working collaboratively in a group.

Discussion

The findings highlight the importance of leveraging diverse student knowledge and experience to manage challenges in cross-cohort classrooms for complex projects. Practical implications are discussed for instructional design and teaching strategies in diverse educational settings, emphasizing the need for systematic approaches to facilitate real-life problem-based learning tasks.

Conclusion

This study provides a retrospective evolution of a systematic model for hybrid cross-cohort learning environments. It identifies teaching-learning challenges, determines appropriate instructional strategies, and evaluates the effectiveness of solutions in facilitating real-life project-based learning. The insights gained contribute to managing diverse educational settings and enhancing instructional design practices.
Exploring feedback dynamics: an experimental analysis of human and computer feedback on motivation, engagement, and GRIT in secondary school students
Authors: Heindl Lizzy , Huber Veronika , Schuricht Victoria , Wawrzinek David , Babl Ulrich , Ellert Guido
Published: January 2025

This study explored the impact of different feedback forms on the psychological parameters of learning success: motivation, engagement, and GRIT (GRIT: Growth, Resilience, Integrity, and Tenacity, a concept introduced to describe perseverance and passion for long-term goals) among 6th and 7th-grade students at secondary schools in Bavaria, Germany, employing a 2 × 3 factorial design. The factors included the type of feedback (human-based vs. computer-based), and the declaration of feedback type (grades/points anonymously vs. social comparison/group feedback vs. Pass/NoPass). Among 219 students, findings showed human-based feedback significantly improved feedback evaluations, while computer-based feedback notably increased GRIT. Additionally, feedback in the form of Pass/NoPass and social comparison positively affected GRIT. No significant impacts on motivation or engagement were detected. The results highlight the importance of tailored feedback strategies in fostering GRIT, though they suggest limited generalizability.
Association between sperm DNA fragmentation index and recurrent pregnancy loss: results from 1485 participants undergoing fertility evaluation
Authors: Yao Guanying , Dou Xianchao , Chen Xiaozhu , Qi Haolin , Chen Jianling , Wu Peiwei , Li Jialu , Liang Shuang , Han Zhongjiang , Bai Shun , Hu Xu
Published: January 2025

Objective

Several male factors have been reported to play a role in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and RPL.

Method

A total of 1485 participants were recruited from a university hospital between April 2020 and August 2022. Six hundred and thirtyfour men from couples with RPL were assigned to the case group, while 851 men from couple without RPL who underwent fertile evaluation were assigned to the control group. Semen parameters including sperm DNA fragmentation, were assessed.

Results

No statistically significant differences in semen parameters, sperm kinematics and DFI were observed between the case group and the control group. A higher proportion of men in the case group had a DFI > 30% compared to those in the control group; however, this difference was not statistically significant. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed no significant non-linear relationships between continuous DFI and risk of RPL.

Conclusion

Our study indicates that there is no significant relationship between DFI and RPL risk. Further prospective studies are needed to explore the impact of DFI on fertility outcomes in couples experiencing RPL.
CFD-based study of flow field characteristics and clogging in horizontal flow constructed wetlands
Authors: Liu Wen , Li Shitao , Yang Kai , Zeng Xianqiu , Li Yiyong , Zou Mengyao , Deng Yili , Qian Wei
Published: January 2025

The flow field distribution and clogging process in HFCWs are complex, the hydraulic characteristics, distribution and size of dead zone of HFCW were studied by using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The results showed that (1) The ceramsite system’s filtration efficacy in treating wastewater is primarily driven by deep filtration processes. The distribution of water flow within the ceramsite wetland system is more homogenous than that observed in the blast furnace slag wetland system. Furthermore, the ceramsite system exhibits enhanced utilization of the primary bed area, the underlying drainage layer, and the catchment zone. (2) The blast furnace slag system possesses a smaller porosity and particle size distribution, which results in non-uniform flow rates and pressure distributions. Consequently, this system is prone to clogging, leading to a decline in both hydraulic performance and the overall functionality of the wetland. (3) The ceramsite system exhibits a lower occurrence of dead zones within the main bed compared to the blast furnace slag system, with a reduction of 12.58% and 27.93% in the dead zone percentages, respectively. This suggests that the ceramsite system outperforms the blast furnace slag system in terms of hydraulic efficiency, resistance to clogging, and contaminant removal efficacy.
Co-methylation networks associated with cognition and structural brain development during adolescence
Authors: Jensen Dawn , Chen Jiayu , Turner Jessica A. , Stephen Julia M. , Wang Yu-Ping , Wilson Tony W. , Calhoun Vince D. , Liu Jingyu
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Typical adolescent neurodevelopment is marked by decreases in grey matter (GM) volume, increases in myelination, measured by fractional anisotropy (FA), and improvement in cognitive performance.

Methods

To understand how epigenetic changes, methylation (DNAm) in particular, may be involved during this phase of development, we studied cognitive assessments, DNAm from saliva, and neuroimaging data from a longitudinal cohort of normally developing adolescents, aged nine to fourteen. We extracted networks of methylation with patterns of correlated change using a weighted gene correlation network analysis (WCGNA). Modules from these analyses, consisting of co-methylation networks, were then used in multivariate analyses with GM, FA, and cognitive measures to assess the nature of their relationships with cognitive improvement and brain development in adolescence.

Results

This longitudinal exploration of co-methylated networks revealed an increase in correlated epigenetic changes as subjects progressed into adolescence. Co-methylation networks enriched for pathways involved in neuronal systems, potassium channels, neurexins and neuroligins were both conserved across time as well as associated with maturation patterns in GM, FA, and cognition.

Discussion

Our research shows that correlated changes in the DNAm of genes in neuronal processes involved in adolescent brain development that were both conserved across time and related to typical cognitive and brain maturation, revealing possible epigenetic mechanisms driving this stage of development.
Recent advances in deep learning and language models for studying the microbiome
Authors: Yan Binghao , Nam Yunbi , Li Lingyao , Deek Rebecca A. , Li Hongzhe , Ma Siyuan
Published: January 2025

Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly large language models (LLMs), made a significant impact on how researchers study microbiome and metagenomics data. Microbial protein and genomic sequences, like natural languages, form a language of life, enabling the adoption of LLMs to extract useful insights from complex microbial ecologies. In this paper, we review applications of deep learning and language models in analyzing microbiome and metagenomics data. We focus on problem formulations, necessary datasets, and the integration of language modeling techniques. We provide an extensive overview of protein/genomic language modeling and their contributions to microbiome studies. We also discuss applications such as novel viromics language modeling, biosynthetic gene cluster prediction, and knowledge integration for metagenomics studies.
Designing a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against human rhinovirus C utilizing immunoinformatics approach
Authors: Mamun Tajul Islam , Ali Md. Ahad , Hosen Md. Nazmul , Rahman Jillur , Islam Md. Anwarul , Akib Md. Golam , Zaman Kamruz , Rahman Md. Masudur , Hossain Ferdaus Mohd Altaf , Ibenmoussa Samir , Bourhia Mohammed , Dawoud Turki M.
Published: January 2025

Human rhinovirus C (HRV-C) is a significant contributor to respiratory tract infections in children and is implicated in asthma exacerbations across all age groups. Despite its impact, there is currently no licensed vaccine available for HRV-C. Here, we present a novel approach to address this gap by employing immunoinformatics techniques for the design of a multi-epitope-based vaccine against HRV-C. The sequences of the chosen structural proteins VP1 and VP2, along with the non-structural protein 2C of HRV-C, were downloaded in FASTA format from the NCBI server for further analysis. Through an exhaustive analysis of HRV-C genomic sequences, we identified highly conserved immunogenic regions capable of eliciting a protective immune response. Leveraging advanced immunoinformatics tools, we predicted epitopes for B-cells, Cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and Helper T lymphocytes, ensuring broad coverage across different HRV-C strains. The vaccine candidate was constructed by integrating selected antigens with immunogenic epitopes and adjuvants, employing optimal linkers. Three vaccine constructs were developed, with V2 being the most promising, consisting of 480 amino acids residues. V2 exhibited strong antigenicity, non-allergenicity, and solubility, with a solubility score greater than 0.550, and demonstrated excellent structural stability, with 91.9% of residues in the most favorable regions of the Ramachandran plot. Molecular dynamics and simulation studies revealed a stable Vaccine-TLR8 complex, with a binding energy of -296.15 and consistent RMSD values. Furthermore, in silico cloning and sequence optimization ensured efficient expression in E. coli, with a Codon Adaptation Index of 0.99 and GC content of 54.58%. The minimum free energy of the RNA secondary structure was -494.90 kcal/mol. While our findings suggest the potential effectiveness of the designed vaccine candidate against HRV-C, further in vitro and in vivo investigations are warranted to validate its safety and efficacy.
Titanium nanotubes modulate immunophenotyping and cytokine secretion of T cells via IL-17A: a bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation
Authors: Yin Jingju , Liao Yunyang , Liu Shaofeng , Che Bangwei , Zhu Hanghang , Yang Bingbing , Shi Bin
Published: January 2025

Object

We aim to explore the immunomodulatory properties of T cells on different titanium nanotubes and the key immunological factors involved in this process.

Methods

Transcriptome data from GEO database of healthy people and healthy implants were used to analyze cell infiltration and factor distribution of adaptive immune using bioinformatics tools. T cells from activated rat were cultured on titanium nanotubes that were prepared by anodization with different diameters (P-0, NT15-30 nm, NT40-100 nm, NT70-200 nm). The proliferation and expressions of the main transcription factors and cytokines of T-cells were detected. Magnetic bead sorting of CD3+ T cells and transcriptome sequencing were performed to explore the signaling pathways and key immune factors that may influence the related immune responses.

Results

Bioinformatics analysis showed that healthy peri-implant tissues were enriched by the most of T-cell subtypes. T-cell-mediated adaptive immunological responses involved IL-17A. On the third day, the NT15 and NT40 groups showed significantly higher pro-proliferative effects than the NT70 group (P<0.05). Notably, the NT40 group exhibited the lowest T-bet expression (P<0.05) along with the highest levels of Rorγt, Gata3, and Foxp3(P<0.05), followed by the NT15 group. Additionally, the NT40 group demonstrated reduced RANKL, TNF-α, and IL-6 (P<0.05) and increased OPG and IL-10 (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the NT15 group had lower IFN-γ expression(P>0.05) but higher IL-4, and TGF-β1 expressions(P<0.05). Differential expressed genes (DGEs) of T-cell related to the morphologies of titanium nanotubes were mostly enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway mediated by IL-17A/F. Gene and protein expressions indicated that the NT40 group had the highest secretion in IL-17A of T cells.

Conclusion

Titanium nanotube morphologies in medium (100 nm) and small (30 nm) sizes significantly influence T cell differentiation and immune factor secretion, with T-cell-derived IL-17A likely playing a key regulatory role.