bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
​Standardization of Grafting in Bittergourd (Momordica charantia L.)
Authors: Dev K.P. Aiswarya V. , Rafeekher M. , Sarada S.
Published: January 2022

Background: Commercial cultivation of bitter gourd is affected by biotic stresses like mosaic disease, fusarium wilt and root-knot nematode as well as abiotic stress like drought. Grafting with resistant rootstocks can be a tool to control these problems. In vegetable production, grafting is exploited commercially in many parts of the world. The cultivated area of grafted solanaceae and cucubitaceae plants has increased tremendously in recent years because of the advantages of grafted plants. Commercial use of vegetable grafting is a relatively recent innovation in India and scientific information on grafting in bittergourd is meager. In this context, identification of suitable rootstocks and standardization of grafting techniques that do not have adverse effect on yield and fruit quality not only lay foundation for further evaluation on tolerance to different biotic and abiotic stresses but also enhance the area and production of bitter gourd especially in sustainable production systems. Methods: Grafting in bitter gourd was carried out with three grafting methods such as hole insertion grafting, one cotyledon grafting and cleft grafting using growth regulators viz., alar and CCC to control height of rootstocks in order to identify suitable method, growth regulator and its concentration. The grafting experiment was done independently to four cucurbitaceous rootstocks viz., sponge gourd, pumpkin, bottle gourd and bitter gourd using bittergourd var. Preethi as scion. Height and diameter of the rootstocks before grafting were recorded and then the growth regulators alar and CCC each at 10 mgL-1 and 50 mgL-1 along with distilled water as control were sprayed on rootstocks in order to prevent the lodging of the root stocks and then grafted using different methods. Days taken for graft union and percentage success were also evaluated after grafting. Result: Our study of grafting bitter gourd scion into four cucurbitaceous rootstocks utilizing three methods and two growth regulators at two different concentration along with control exhibited significant difference in graft success among the methods as well as concentration of growth regulator in all four experiments. This work can be further utilized for imparting resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses in bitter gourd by selecting suitable rootstocks.
Determinants of job satisfaction amongst employees in the poultry sub-sector of Ghana: a test of equity theory
Authors: Oppong Mensah Nicholas , Christlieb Amrago Ernest Christlieb , Kofi Asare Jeffery , Yeboah Edward , Donkor Anthony
Published: January 2022

The study investigated the factors affecting job satisfaction amongst workers of the poultry sub-sector: a test of equity theory in the Dormaa Municipality in the Bono Region of Ghana. The multistage sampling technique was employed in collecting data from 100 poultry workers with the aid of a structured questionnaire. The logit model was employed in modeling the factors affecting job satisfaction. The empirical findings reveal that occupational level, pay, and relationships with co-workers were the statistically significant determinants of job satisfaction. Moreover, the study found that based on equity theory if poultry workers are satisfied with their pay, they would want to stay longer compared to referent others who are not satisfied. Benevolent poultry workers were dominant (52%), followed by equity sensitive (28%) and entitled (20%) poultry workers. Moving forward, the relevance of equity theory on workers in the cocoa value chain should also be investigated as cocoa remains a staple crop in Ghana.

JEL Code: Q10
International students in Hungarian higher education
Authors: Vincze Szilvia , Bács Zoltán
Published: January 2022

Overall, higher education in Hungary is popular with students from abroad, even if there are significant differences in terms of its structure. The ever-faster increase in the annual headcount of the international student body serves as proof to this statement. The expansion of the size of the body of international students is of special importance in higher education since in 2016 the Hungarian government set the objective of having 40,000 international students by 2023 (EMMI, 2016).

Numerous studies have been published on this topic, usually focusing on specific issues, including, for example, the countries from which we receive most of the students, the most popular majors, possible economic advantages due to the presence of a great number of international students, and how internationalization takes place in higher education in Hungary.  

By means of processing data published by the Hungarian Educational Authority [Oktatási Hivatal], this paper aims to present the changes in the number of international students in Hungary over the past ten years. This also includes the discussion of the structure of these changes related to a variety of issues such as relations, types of institutions and their ownership, levels and types of programs, as well as gender proportions. However, even with this effort, the officially available statistics are suitable for presenting a properly detailed assessment of the situation only to a limited extent.

JEL code: I23
Krishna consciousness in Europe: The way farming communities became the focal points of marketing
Authors: Bence-Kiss Krisztina , Szigeti Orsolya
Published: January 2022

Krishna Consciousness is regarded as one of the most successful new religious movements in terms of marketing in the Western World. The aim of this research was to identify and analyze the marketing strategy the members of the Krishna-conscious community apply in Europe via content analyses, field research observations and in-depth interviews. The marketing mix of services marketing (7P) are often suggested to be applied by religious communities as well, however, this concept has boundaries due to the principles of the religions, which may not be altered for the sake of marketing. The research has shown that in Europe Krishna-conscious communities have overcome this problem by shifting the product from religion to a complex touristic product, which is realized in the form of farming communities, which have become an important rural tourist attraction in some countries. As the comparison of the websites of the different institutions has shown that rural and farming communities are the ones, which focus mainly on attracting people, who are not familiar with Krishna Consciousness yet, while the websites of the other institutions communicate mostly with devotees or people already interested in the religion or its certain aspect (cuisine, education), rural and farming communities were the institutions chosen to be analyzed more closely. The marketers of these tourist attractions are therefore free to make certain modifications in the marketing mix, as its focus is a tourist attraction, not the religion itself; while the transmission of knowledge about the religion happens in the touristic attractions only. Seven European farming communities of six different countries have participated in the research so far, which may be extended to further communities and continents on the future for a more thorough analysis.
IMPACT ON EMPLOYEES DURING PANDEMIC BASE ON LABOR SYSTEM PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Flambonita Suci , Ernaningsih Wahyu , Novianti Vera
Published: January 2022

The fourth paragraph at the opening of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia states that the Government of the Republic of Indonesia is obliged to protect the entire Indonesian nation, promote the general welfare, and educate the nation's life which is a manifestation of the responsibility of the state which is obliged to create welfare for its people fairly and equitably equally. This constitutional mandate is spelled out in the form of regulations aimed at preventing injustice from the stronger party against the weaker party so that a just and peaceful society can be created. The method used to analyze this problem is through normative and empirical mix and match. The approach used in this study is a statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. Legal protection for workers is an obligation for the fulfillment of basic rights inherent and protected by the constitution as regulated in Article 27 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The logical consequence of this mandate is the birth of the State's obligation to accommodate facilities and the widest possible opportunity for the community so that they can get a job as well as make it something worthy of humanity. Thus, the violation of basic rights guaranteed by the constitution is a violation of human rights. Protection of workers is regulated in Articles 67 to 101 of the Manpower Law, including those concerning wages and welfare. However, when faced with the COVID-19 pandemic situation, the company immediately provided a force majeure reason to avoid paying severance pay for workers/laborers affected by layoffs. The problem that occurs, in this case, is the termination of employment carried out by companies using force majeure reasons by companies in Indonesia unilaterally.

Keywords: Impact, Employees, Pandemic
BUILDING COMMUNICATION BETWEEN FAMILY MEMBERS AS A FORT OF FAMILY RESILIENCE
Authors: Ariansyah Jeri
Published: January 2022

This paper discusses about building communication between family members as a fortress of family resilience. The family is the basis for maintaining diversity, the family is very important to maintain the social understanding of family. As social beings, humans are never separated from communication. Communication is often a fundamental problem in one's family household relations, especially what often becomes a conflict is communication between husband and wife who lacks understanding of the concept of communication patterns in the family in order to maintain family resilience in the household. The purpose of this paper is to provide and express the concepts and principles of communication in the family so that it can be a solution on how to build communication in the family that can fortify family resilience. As for the focus in this paper is how the concept of communication patterns, communication as an ethical value to realize family resilience, communication as the realization of ma'ruf relationships in the family, the theory of ethical values ​​and their relevance to the family communication system and the concept of family resilience. This paper is included in the type of normative legal research literature (library research). By using a conceptual approach and a statutory approach. the type of data in this study using qualitative data. The results of this paper conclude that family resilience is very influential on the concept of communication in the family. By understanding the concepts and principles of communication patterns between family members, they can maintain resilience and strength in the family, so that they can realize the purpose of marriage, namely forming a sakinah, mawaddah and rahmah family as contained in the Qur'an Surah Ar-Rum verse 21.

Keywords: communication, family resilience, social
THE IBADHIYAH SECT: ITS HISTORY AND THOUGHTS IN POLITICS,THEOLOGY,AND FIQH
Authors: Zamzami Zamzami , Erniwati Erniwati
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to illustrate that the thinking or concept of teachings adopted and applied Ibadhiyah, one of the sects of the Khawarij sect, is moderate. So that his teachings and followers still exist today in some Muslim countries. They have a high attitude of tolerance towards fellow Muslims of different sects and sects. On the other hand, the sects in the sphere of the other Kharijites which are extreme in thought and action are extinct, no longer have followers.  At first, the Khawarij follower’s are Ckhalif ‘Ali bin Abi Thalib group. End then, they go out from ‘Ali group, becauce they  weren’t except this reconcillied  (tahkim) in Shiffin war between Khalif Ali and Guvernor Mu’awiyah bin Abi Syufyan 37H/657 M. They were against Chalif ‘Ali and Mu’awiyah, and emigrate to a village is colled  “Harura”. In this village they were created self-government led by ‘Abdullah ibn Wahhab al-Hasibi. They were againt ‘Ali, Mu’awiyah, and some ckhalif after them. Then Khawarij Follower’s were spilit into several sects. The biggest sect’s: Muhakkimah, Azariqah, Najdah, Ajaridah, Syufriyah, and Ibadhiyah. Such of sect slip up to several sub-setc until twenty.  All sects were extinct, except Ibadhiyah.  Becauce they were smothered by legitimate Government. They have extreme thought. They carried out takfir and were a sourse of insurrection against the Goverment for centuries.  The Ibadhiyah sect were moderate in thought and action. The Ibadhiyah sect exist until now in Sultanate of Oman. It’s majority  and state sect in Oman. It spread  in Nort  Africa (Aljazair, Tunisia, and Libia) and East Africa. Follower Ibadhiyah sect there in in Yemen and Madagascar. 

Keywords:  Ibadhiyah, History, Thought.
La cleruquía ateniense en Lesbos: distribución de la tierra y explotación de los nativos
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires / CONICET, Argentina, Gallego Julián
Published: January 2022

This article analyzes the establishment of the Athenian cleruchy in the island of Lesbos in 427 BC. From the available evidence and research, the existence of a plot distribution pattern based on land use conditions previously developed by the Lesbians is conjectured. The permanence of the latter as tenants of these plots was subordinated to the extraction of an annual rent by the Athenians, similar to the income obtained by those belonging to hoplite status.
¿Por qué no hay variaciones en el eterno retorno? Notas sobre el pensamiento divino en la cosmología estoica
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas, Mexico, Salles Ricardo
Published: January 2022

In this article, I offer an analysis of the Stoic theory of everlasting recurrence and especially of the thesis that the infinite recurrence of the cosmos admits no variation whatsoever, and focus on the hypothesis advanced by Francis Henry Sandbach and David Furley to explain it. As I intend to reveal, this hypothesis is not adequately supported by the evidence if we take into account Stoic axiology. I argue that, in order to solve this difficulty, we need to explore Stoic theology and, in particular, the nature of Stoic divine thinking.
El sūtra de la sección de los infiernos (Narakaparivartanāmasūtra). Traducción del primer capítulo de la obra budista Mahāvastu
Authors:   El Colegio de México, Mexico, García Roberto E.
Published: January 2022

This is the first translation into Spanish of the first chapter of the Buddhist work Mahāvastu from the beginning of the Common Era, composed in mixed Sanskrit. “The Sūtra on the Section of Hells” (Narakaparivartanāmasūtra) offers descriptions of the eight hells, explaining the causal connections between the punishments and the behaviors that lead beings to experience them. The text stands out by presenting one of the oldest systematic arrangements of the hells within Buddhism, revealing the interest of ancient Buddhists in fashioning a meticulous and well-structured cosmography.
Ressocialização de Presos pela Produção Literária
Authors: Bandeira Paloma Gurgel de Oliveira Cerqueira
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a ressocialização de presos através de produção literária. A crise populacional que assola o sistema penitenciário brasileiro é uma realidade. Um dos principais fatores a contribuir para a alta taxa de ocupação dos presídios é o alto índice de reincidência. Essa situação denota a falha das atuais políticas públicas de ressocialização dos apenados, que não cumprem, a contento, a sua missão. Nesse contexto, merece destaque a falta de incentivos por parte da nossa legislação, e das autoridades públicas, à produção literária por parte daqueles que estão recolhidos ao cárcere. A atividade intelectual promovida pela produção de obras literárias exige, em suas mais variadas nuances, um nível de conhecimento e consciência por parte do autor, o que, por si só, exige maior engajamento por parte daquele que se põe a externar os pensamentos. Por exigir mais comprometimento, é natural que a propensão dessas pessoas à vida intelectual se torne mais natural. Justamente por isso, a hipótese levantada neste trabalho é que o incentivo à produção literária, nos cárceres brasileiros, ajudaria na ressocialização dos presos. Na busca por respostas para a hipótese formulada adotou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica como método de pesquisa. Os resultados encontrados confirmaram a hipótese levantada, demonstrando que o correto incentivo à produção literária poderia ser um agente de transformação no cárcere, promovendo a adequada ressocialização dos presos através da produção intelectual.
Considerações Sobre a Causalidade e a Imputação Objetiva no Direito Penal Brasileiro
Authors: Souza Paulo Vinicius Sporleder de , Sochio Roberta Oliveira Dal
Published: January 2022

O artigo versa sobre as principais teorias da causalidade, bem como o surgimento e afirmação da Teoria da Imputação Objetiva proposta por Claus Roxin. A fim de responder às indagações sobre quando se pode considerar uma ação causa de um resultado e quando este pode ser imputado a uma pessoa, o Direito Penal e outros ramos do saber formularam diversas teorias explicativas. Contudo, mesmo depois de elaboradas diversas concepções teóricas, ainda não se chegou à conclusão sobre como explicar o nexo causal e normativo de condutas relevantes para o direito penal. Diante disso, o objetivo é, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com o método indutivo, analisar qual foi a teoria acolhida pelo Código Penal brasileiro e aferir se ela exige o nexo causal e normativo. O resultado é no sentido de que o diploma material penal incorporou a teoria da condição, além de exigir a imputação objetiva para considerar uma pessoa como autora de um crime.
La Equidad en los Tributos; Necesidad de un Régimen Especial Tributario para el Sector Agrario
Authors: Acosta Rolando Pavò
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en demostrar la necesidad de un tratamiento tributario especial para la actividad agropecuaria. La hipótesis formulada sostiene que existen premisas que fundamentan la necesidad de un régimen tributario especial aplicable a la actividad agropecuaria. El resultado científico consiste en una sistematización de las premisas que argumentan la necesidad de un régimen tributario especial para la actividad agropecuaria, tales argumentos residen en la propia definición de la actividad agropecuaria, sus peculiares como actividad económica, su relevancia social y política y su especialidad, así como los rasgos del sujeto que la realiza y los principios teleológicos que orientan al marco jurídico que rige dicha actividad. Primeramente, a partir del análisis y la síntesis y del método deductivo, se realiza un estudio teórico jurídico a los efectos de sistematizar los argumentos en la doctrina que se han referido a la necesidad de incentivos fiscales encaminados a la promoción del sector agropecuario. Y una segunda parte, se emprende un estudio jurídico comparado encaminado a identificar las experiencias normativas más relevantes en cuanto al tratamiento tributario especial para la promoción del sector agropecuario.
¿Favorece a las Mujeres Víctimas la Exención del Deber de Declarar? Estado de la Cuestión en España
Authors: Rios Pilar Martín
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es plantear si la exención del deber de declarar que se contempla en el ordenamiento jurídico español para algunos casos favorece o, por el contrario, perjudica a las mujeres víctimas. Para ello, partiremos de la hipótesis de comisión de delitos en el seno de la intimidad familiar, por revestir una especial dificultad probatoria. Combinaremos, en nuestra labor, una metodología lógico-deductiva con otra empírico-inductiva. Los procedimientos metodológicos empleados consistirán en un análisis jurisprudencial de los pronunciamientos judiciales más recientes y relevantes, un examen doctrinal de la cuestión y un análisis, necesario, del conjunto de la normativa procesal penal vigente. Habremos de exponer como resultados de nuestra investigación cómo la actividad probatoria se complica notablemente cuando el único testigo de los hechos se acoge a su derecho a no declarar por razón de los vínculos referidos. De este modo, no solo resulta realmente complejo conseguir que el proceso continúe su curso, sino permitir que el acusado, en el legítimo ejercicio de su derecho a un proceso debido, pueda contradecir dicho testimonio.
Régimen Jurídico de Bienes Públicos de Naturaleza Interdisciplinaria
Authors: Abaide Jalusa Prestes
Published: January 2022

El estudio presenta un nuevo bien jurídico de naturaleza intrínseca interdisciplinaria, y que por esto genera indefiniciones jurídicas en su régimen de protección. Se trata de un tipo especial de fósil – seres vivos petrificados – (FOUCAULT, A; RAOULT, J. F., 1985, p 136), fósiles estos que pertenecen al género even though, son aquí llamados simplemente como fósiles o troncos petrificados. El objeto de estudio recibe un amplio valor cuando necesariamente es visto por el punto de vista económico, y las consecuencias que implican al Estado la falta de regulación sobre los instrumentos de uso y la protección de estos bienes cuyo ambiente natural es el subsuelo, como las minas y que integran el patrimonio cultural de Brasil, por orden constitucional.
Terceiras Notas à Legislação da Lavagem de Capitais em Portugal-UE: Regime Sancionatório Numa Segunda Abordagem
Authors: Bandeira Gonçalo S. de Melo
Published: January 2022

sta segunda abordagem do regime sancionatório da legislação que previne a lavagem de vantagens, como, por exemplo, dinheiro – branqueamento de vantagens como v.g. capitais –, em Portugal e na UE vai ter em consideração de novo que não é possível esquecer o dever de formação. É preciso somar à prevenção do branqueamento de vantagens, como capitais, os ilícitos criminais e os ilícitos contraordenacionais que constam da Lei do Branqueamento. Embora, neste último caso, ainda não de todos os ilícitos contraordenacionais. O que, na devida altura, iremos completar. E isto é devido a um problema nesta legislação, como noutras: o seu tamanho cada vez maior. Já tínhamos referido isso na nossa última publicação e voltamos a reforçar. Pois surgiu nova e importante legislação: Lei 58/2020, de 31/8, Decreto-Lei 9/2021, de 29/1, e Decreto-Lei 56/2021, de 30/6.
El Tribunal del Jurado y la Conexión Penal
Authors: Martín José María Lombardero
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de esta comunicación es analizar y clarificar los aspectos complejos de la competencia objetiva del Tribunal del Jurado al cumplirse veinticinco años de la puesta en funcionamiento de la institución en el sistema judicial español.

Se constatará que imprecisiones en su regulación legal han posibilitado que el Procedimiento ante el jurado, sin apenas modificación legislativa, incremente su complejidad y el esfuerzo que supone para los tribunales y para los ciudadanos.

Este estudio propone la reforma de la institución del Tribunal del Jurado en un primer nivel en cuanto a su competencia, clarificándola y simplificándola, y en un segundo nivel (que no excluye el primero) introduciendo cambios en el procedimiento de las instrucciones al jurado y la deliberación que permitan a los ciudadanos afrontar con mejores posibilidades la tarea de emitir y motivar su Veredicto.
El “Waiver Of Jury Trial” en la Justicia Estadounidense y su Posible Aplicación en el Modelo de Jurado Español
Authors: Pellejero Nancy Carina Vernengo
Published: January 2022

El jurado es una de las instituciones procesales más representativas de la justicia estadounidense; especialmente vinculada a su independencia y a su Constitución. En el presente estudio centraremos nuestra atención en una de las prerrogativas reconocidas al imputado, como es el “waiver of jury trial”, o el derecho a optar ser juzgado por un jurado profesional, y no por un jurado popular, y la posibilidad de implementar esta institución en el ordenamiento jurídico español, a la luz de la reforma de la Ley del Jurado por el Anteproyecto de Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal de 2020.
Análise Econômica do Direito, Incidente de Resolução de Demandas Repetitivas e Juizados Especiais
Authors: Melo Cíntia Fernanda de Abreu , Dognini Leandro Lyra Braga
Published: January 2022

O Código de Processo Civil (CPC) de 2015 conferiu maior proeminência aos precedentes como mecanismo de racionalização da atividade jurisdicional. Num contexto de expansão do contencioso cível, o objetivo deste artigo é avaliar, sob a ótica da Análise Econômica do Direito (AED), o papel dos precedentes na busca por um sistema mais íntegro, estável e isonômico. Nesse sentido, destaca-se o incidente de resolução de demandas repetitivas (IRDR), instituto que visa propor solução para as demandas de massa fundadas na mesma questão de direito. A hipótese que se levanta é de que a efetividade da prestação jurisdicional dos juizados especiais é passível de substancial aperfeiçoamento com a aplicação do IRDR, perpassando a análise acerca da constitucionalidade da aplicação de tal incidente, e, sendo constitucional, qual seria o procedimento adequado, uma vez que o CPC se volta, essencialmente, para o incidente nos tribunais. O método adotado é dedutivo e se fundamenta nos referenciais teóricos da AED, conformação aos precedentes, IRDR e juizados, em sintonia com a análise das estatísticas fornecidos pelo CNJ. Os resultados alcançados demonstram que os juizados especiais respondem por parcela significativa dos novos casos que ingressam no Poder Judiciário, concretizando o primado do acesso à justiça no país, sendo o modelo desenvolvido por Mendes e Romano Neto uma promissora solução para aplicação do IRDR em tal esfera jurisdicional.
Competence units or holistic assessment
Authors: Stone Clare
Published: January 2022

When public attention is focused upon the profession of social work, a typical response has been to change initial training and the learning outcomes by which students are assessed. Although social work education has employed competency frameworks for two decades the incompetence discourse and the concern about graduates’ ability to undertake competent social work practice continues. Empirical research problematized the competence phenomenon to explore practice educators’ experiences of using competency units and their perspectives of competence for social work. This paper draws upon findings from that research to explore the concept of holistic assessment and to suggest that educators need to reconsider the epistemological principles of assessment for social work practice.
Healing illusions
Authors: Allenby Mark
Published: January 2022

This article focuses on the creative use of a magic trick to help children make sense of the effects of traumatic life events and the process of recovery.
Mechanisms that support the assessment of interpersonal skills
Authors: Meier Kate , Parker Pam , Freeth Della
Published: January 2022

In many health professions, experienced practitioners assess students’ or inexperienced practitioners’ clinical skills but do not formally or explicitly rate their interpersonal skills, even though it is often suggested that failing or struggling students have poor interpersonal skills. The Interpersonal Skills Profile (ISP) has been widely used in UK health care programmes. The tool allows assessors to select five statements from a list, which they feel reflect the student’s achievement. These are usually graded from fail to excellent.Using a Realistic Evaluation approach this study examined how the ISP was used to assess interpersonal skills in a university pre-registration nursing programme. The use of the ISP was investigated through interviews with clinical nursing mentors, practice education facilitators and education champions as well as a documentary analysis of student assessment booklets. The findings led to the development of three middle range theories which may be useful in other contexts. These focus on: 1) overt assessment of interpersonal skills, 2) providing support to mentors and 3) feedback and ‘feeding-forward’ to students.
Lessons learned from a dementia training programme for health professionals
Authors: Ward Alison , Dobson Mary
Published: January 2022

This paper presents findings from a dementia awareness training programme delivered to a multidisciplinary group of health professionals in the East Midlands, UK in 2012. The training aimed to develop dementia champions and improve care practices. The focus was on the socio-psychological model of dementia. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with stakeholders (n=5) and training providers (n=2). Post-training questionnaires were completed by those attending the training (n=74). Thematic analysis was undertaken on interview data and open-ended questionnaire data, descriptive statistical analysis was undertaken on quantitative data. Emerging themes focused on the continued need for person-centred care in dementia training and inclusion of the voice of the person with dementia in training material. Attendance of multidisciplinary health professionals at training sessions generated greater understanding of dementia care across professional areas. Issues of health professionals’ workloads and release of staff time were identified as key determinants of staff capacity to attend training. Gaps in training provision were identified.
Hic sunt dracones: Here be dragons! Difficulties in mapping the demand for social work placements in New Zealand
Authors: Hay Kathryn , Ballantyne Neil , Brown Karin
Published: January 2022

Anecdotal evidence suggests that the growth in demand for social work field placements in New Zealand is outstripping supply and impacting on placement quality. However, to date, no systematic study of placement demand or supply in New Zealand has been published. Our study sought to identify the number of students placed during 2012, their placement setting (government or non-government), whether they were supervised by a Registered Social Worker (RSW), and whether they had on-site supervision. It combined secondary analysis of the annual reports of recognised programmes to the Social Workers Registration Board with a survey of seven tertiary institutions. We found that students placed in government settings were three times more likely to experience on-site supervision by an RSW, but that the majority of placements were in non-government settings. The study also uncovered significant problems with the integrity of the annual report data collected and recommendations for improvements are outlined in this article.
Competence units or holistic assessment: The language may be different but the challenges continue
Authors: Stone Clare
Published: January 2022

When public attention is focused upon the profession of social work, a typical response has been to change initial training and the learning outcomes by which students are assessed. Although social work education has employed competency frameworks for two decades the incompetence discourse and the concern about graduates’ ability to undertake competent social work practice continues. Empirical research problematized the competence phenomenon to explore practice educators’ experiences of using competency units and their perspectives of competence for social work. This paper draws upon findings from that research to explore the concept of holistic assessment and to suggest that educators need to reconsider the epistemological principles of assessment for social work practice.
Valuing experience in a baccalaureate social work class on human behavior
Authors: Gates Trevor G.
Published: January 2022

Social problems are best understood through active engagement in the community, experiences that bring to light the social problems at hand. Social work education lends itself especially to practical application and experience, as addressing social welfare problems can never be entirely theoretical. Experiential education offers social work students such an opportunity, and the social work field experience offers social work students an opportunity for applied learning.Kolb’s theory of experiential adult learning, which argues that adults learn through concrete experiences, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation, provides a useful framework for understanding the importance of experiential learning in social work education. In this paper, I discuss Kolb’s contribution to adult learning theory, particularly how his theory built upon previous conceptual frameworks for understanding the adult learner. I also apply Kolb’s theory to my own learning and social work education practice. Finally, I reflect upon how my own learning experiences inform my understanding of Kolb’s experiential learning theory and my current perspective as a social work educator in a baccalaureate social work human behavior class in the United States.
Learning to work collaboratively to improve the quality of care for individuals, families and communities: The practice educator’s role
Authors: Howkins Elizabeth , Low Helena
Published: January 2022

This article explores some of the issues that face the practice educator in providing and facilitating inter professional learning opportunities for their student during a practice placement experience. A brief overview of IPE is provided to show how it provides a platform for learning for effective collaborative practice Issues highlighted and discussed include: the unique factors which have to be taken into account when facilitating learning of mixed professional groups; the enhanced and additional skills needed by teachers and facilitators; the challenges of finding appropriate interprofessional learning opportunities in limited and diverse practice settings; the preparation, strategies and changes which are needed to support practice educators in their interprofessional teaching role.For the purpose of this article the role of the practice educator refers to a formal role in which the qualified health professional has formal responsibilities for facilitating the learning of pre-registration trainees.
How does storytelling within higher education contribute to the learning experience of early years students?
Authors: Flanagan Sarah
Published: January 2022

Background and rationale. Reading stories telling stories is a familiar practice within primary education; furthermore there is recognition that stories are used within higher education. This study seeks to understand how storytelling within higher education contributes to the learning experience of early years students. It is anticipated that a deeper understanding of stories and storytelling in this context will lead to a greater appreciation of this resource and its enhanced use. Design/methods. A qualitative methodology was used. The participants included 45 early years students. All students involved in the study were employed as early years workers contributing to the care and education of children aged 0–5. Semi structured interviews and non-participant observations were completed to collect the data and thematic analysis was used in its interpretation. Findings. Participants saw multiple contributions of story and storytelling including the facilitation of learning, the enhancement of reflective practice and the reinforcement of professional/group culture. Story and storytelling provided opportunities for relaxation, entertainment and had a significant social impact. Certain activities encouraged storytelling and the most engaging stories were those that the listener could relate to
Touch, click and be informed: Making a series of multi-touch ebooks to support social work placement
Authors: McGovern Marguerita
Published: January 2022

his innovative project set out to develop a series of seven ‘wraparound’ multi-touch electronic ebooks to support pre-placement training within a professional social work course. The aim and main focus concentrated on developing and presenting the wisdom of practice teachers, social work students and tutors in a multimedia content, encompassing aural and visual podcasts. This was further enhanced by including expert topic based opinion, theory and supportive slide presentations. The concept of making the ebooks was to change the delivery of the fieldwork pre-placement module, refocusing it from a didactic lecture based delivery to a more modern technology enhanced relevant method of improving the pre-placement knowledge, skills and values of social work students.Keywords: e-learning; podcasting; social work; fieldwork practicum; practice teachers,
Before and After: Digital story telling with social work students in Northern Ireland
Authors: MacDermott Denise , Harkin-MacDermott Caoimhe , Wylie Siobhan
Published: January 2022

This article is developed from a presentation given at the 12th International practice teaching conference in Oxford (2018). The authors share their experiences as academics and practice educators of using digital storytelling with social work students in Northern Ireland. Storytelling took place at two distinct points of the students’ learning journey before and after placement. Undergraduate social work students (n=40) in their first semester of year one teaching participated in classroom based digital storytelling with the first author. Placement students created digital stories at two key points during their placements, at the beginning (1st – 3rd week of placement) and at the end (16th – 18th week of placement).  Several themes emerged including; self-evaluation and reflection, producing and receiving feedback and team work. This collaborative article offers a basis for practice development and professional discussions across disciplines on the use of digital storytelling with students studying for a professional qualification.
Employment interview simulation project: Evaluating its potential for graduating social work students and its transferability to other health disciplines
Authors: Lowes Mary-Katherine , Omrin Danielle , Moore Andrea , Sulman Joanne , Pascoe Jill , McKee Eileen , Gaon Sabrina
Published: January 2022

The transition from student to professional is challenging and often filled with pressure to secure relevant employment in a competitive market. We provided MSW students with employment interview simulations during their final practicum to evaluate the application and utility of this training to social work field education. A participatory action research model was utilized. Primary themes were identified as fundamental to interviews, including managing anxiety, self-reflection, and effective communication. Overall, students found the process and feedback to be invaluable to their learning. We suggest ways in which interview training can be integrated into field education to strengthen students’ postgraduate employability.
Transparency of Assessment in Practice Environments. An extension of the TAPE Model
Authors: Stone Clare
Published: January 2022

Following research into UK social work students’ experiences of assessment, ‘Author’ (2018) concluded that not all students appeared to be aware of who contributed towards their assessment nor what constituted reasonable assessment practice. The Transparency of Assessment in Practice Education (TAPE) Model was offered to the practice learning community as a tool to engage academics, practice educators and students in dialogue about assessment during placements. The purpose of the TAPE model is for all stakeholders to explore expectations to avoid misunderstandings and ambiguity about assessment. This article explores the potential use of the model within wider contexts of learning and assessment including the assessment of the users of services. The wider application of this innovative model suggests a name change to Transparency of Assessment in Practice Environments.
An exploration of issues affecting the assessment of social work students on practice placement in England
Authors: Caffrey Bridget
Published: January 2022

Abstract;This PN explores issues affecting assessment of social work students on practice placements in England.  The authors have many years of experience in this area of social work and aim to highlight concerns about the complexity of assessment in practice settings. The PN reports on research presented by (author) at the 12th International Conference on Practice Teaching and Field Education in Health and Social Work, September 2018 to consider student perspectives. These highlight a sense of feeling powerless and judged. The PN also explores the wider issues potentially impacting on the assessment of students practice. Acknowledging the challenges of all assessments the PN considers how assessment of student practice may be further complicated by factors including the role and demands of universities, the impact of training and support for practice educators and pressures within current social work practice. The PN highlights longstanding inequalities within social work assessment on placements for some student groups, including BAME students. The authors draw on Brookfields (1998) reflective lenses and encourage the social work profession to reflect and consider how current practice might be improved. The authors invite ideas and feedback to stimulate a professional debate and new ideas.
The Cycle of Internalized Learning (CIL) program for the education and empowerment of students: Students with visual impairments as a case study
Authors: Hess Itay
Published: January 2022

The paper describes the participation of students with visual impairments (VI) and blindness in the ‘Cycle of Internalized Learning ‘ (CIL) program, and reports on the follow along study that accompanied the program. The CIL is a teaching program based on a constructivist approach that focus on learning based on authentic and relevant issues conducted in-group interactions. The research question w as- will participants’ reports following CIL specially design program indicate a process of empowerment? The study used qualitative methodology highlighting participants’ own voices. The research tool was the students’ personal logbooks. Nine students with VI and blindness, aged 24-35, studying in universities and colleges in Israel participated voluntarily in 14 meetings of 4 hours each during the semester. Analysis of students’ logbooks revealed that the program influenced both social and personal dimensions in students’ life, enhancing their social coping competences. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential benefit of this program for more learners, with or without disabilities
How social work students develop the skill of professional judgement: Implications for practice educators
Authors: Rawles Joanna
Published: January 2022

This article is based on findings of research into how social work students begin to develop expertise in professional judgement during their practice placements and what enables, facilitates and supports them to do so. The research sought to understand the ‘authentic professional learning’ that took place for social work students who were at the point of qualification.  The findings indicate that the optimal environment for the development of the skill of professional judgement is one in which there is the presence and positive inter-relationship of three domains of learning: professional responsibility, the facilitation of the professional voice and learner agency. The role of the practice educator was pivotal to this development but the findings go beyond merely re-articulating the positivity of the student/educator relationship to illuminating what it was about the practice educators’ pedagogical approach that facilitated the development of the skill of professional judgement. This article has a particular focus on implications for practice educators and others who support professional work-based learning. The research indicates the benefits of adopting an autonomy-support approach and the article provides ideas for how this might be incorporated into practice placements.
Engaging in Feedback: Students as Recipients and Providers of Feedback in an In-class Activity
Authors: AlMubarak Sama'a
Published: January 2022

Despite the positive impacts of providing and receiving peer-feedback, students remain ill-prepared to engage in feedback processes. I report on an action research that was employed to addresses students’ reluctance to providing peer-feedback. The aim was to promote a learning atmosphere that values feedback by having students as active participants in the feedback process. As part of an in-class peer-feedback activity, students provided feedback to their peers’ final assignment by identifying areas of strengths and for improvement. Based on observations and a focus group, students positively experienced the peer-feedback activity. They reported utilizing the feedback in improving their work, extended the feedback application to other contexts and were able to practice and engage actively in the process of feedback. Keen attention and further efforts are necessary to be taken towards actively and strategically integrating peer-feedback within curricula. Recognizing peer feedback as a preparation for practice learning while creating multiple practice opportunities would maximize the transferability of peer-feedback as a skill to the professional context.
Keywords: peer-feedback, master’s students, qualitative, students’ experiences, practice learning
Peer-Led Group Supervision A model to support and inspire social work students to be ‘active discoverers and constructors of their own knowledge’.
Authors: Strang Jo
Published: January 2022

This article reviews the research findings from a student evaluation of a pilot study of peer-led group supervision for undergraduate social work students at a university in the UK. The definition, purpose and concept of peer-led group supervision are considered and the pilot model and intended learning outcomes described. The student evaluation provides positive feedback that this group setting allowed for support, knowledge exchange and an opportunity to discuss learning from placement experiences. Constructive student feedback enables further discussion in regard to the logistical set-up of this group learning environment and the role of an observing Practice Educator/link tutor. Recommendations are made for how this model can be developed in the future to further the learning opportunities for social work students using this peer-led group supervision model.
Do we need a second opinion here?
Authors: Barron Chris
Published: January 2022

In contrast to research undertaken in other aspects of practice teaching, relatively little attention has been paid to measuring the effectiveness of practice teachers. This paper begins with an attempt to establish why it is important that we take the issue of practice teaching standards very seriously, focusing in particular on the ever increasing prospect of legal action against practice teachers alleged to be incompetent and the possibility of a connection between a practice teacher’s incompetence and his or her incompetence as a social work practitioner.Ways of supporting and monitoring the performance of practice teachers are explored with these considerations in mind before moving on to consider how practice teachers who cannot or will not change practice which is deemed to be incompetent should be managed. The paper concludes with some final reflections with tentative suggestions as to how to monitor the practice of other social work educators.