bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns of diversity in biomedical coauthorships: An analysis across authors’ ethnicity, gender, age, and expertise
Authors: Mishra Apratim , Lee Haejin , Jeoung Sullam , Torvik Vetle I. , Diesner Jana
Published: January 2025

Multiple studies have linked diversity in scientific collaborations to innovative and impactful research. Here, we explore how different diversity indices—ethnicity, gender, academic age, and topical expertise—interact and thereby influence scientific impact. Leveraging nearly 900,000 biomedical journal articles from PubMed, published in major journals between 1991 and 2014, we investigate the nuanced relationships among these diversity indices and their collective influence on research outcomes. By systematically varying model parametrizations, we assess the robustness of the observed relationships and examine multiple methodological choices. Our findings reveal a consistent pattern of demographic homophily, where scientists tend to collaborate with others who share similar ethnic and gender backgrounds. While each diversity index correlates significantly with impact when considered individually, gender diversity and topical expertise emerge as the strongest positive predictors of impact after accounting for key covariates. However, the association between diversity and impact is moderated by the number of collaborating authors, with larger teams sometimes showing opposite trends due to interactions between the computed diversity indices and team size. Despite this complexity, the practical drivers of scientific impact for an article remain the journal of publication, authors’ prior citation rate, and the number of co-authors. On further examining expertise diversity through three separate dimensions: variety, balance, and disparity, our findings indicate that impactful teams balance a wide range of subject matter expertise while maintaining a focused connection on closely related topics. These findings highlight the importance of strategic team composition and underline the significance of team diversity in scientific research.
Preparation of alkali-activated oil shale residue-slag geopolymer-based binder using calcium carbide slag and sodium carbonate as alkali activator
Authors: Luo Chenchen , Zheng Bo , Li Yi , Yang Qiao
Published: January 2025

Based on the reuse of industrial solid wastes such as calcium carbide slag, slag, and oil shale residue, this work utilizes oil shale residue and slag as precursor materials, calcium carbide slag and sodium carbonate as alkaline activator to prepare a geopolymer-based binder. Mix proportion experiments of the geopolymer-based binder with varying oil shale residue contents were designed. Chemical composition and microstructure of the alkaline-activated oil shale residue-slag geopolymer-based binder system were analyzed using X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF), X-ray Powder Diffractometer (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Meanwhile, the fluidity and mechanical properties of the material were also investigated. The results indicate that as the oil shale residue content increases, the fluidity and 3-day compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of the filling slurry gradually decrease, while the 28-day strength first rises and then falls, reaching a maximum when the oil shale residue content is 20%. When the oil shale residue content is below 20%, the hydration product content gradually increases, and the microstructure tends to be denser. However, as the oil shale residue content further increases, the hydration product gradually decreases, and the microstructure becomes poorer. Therefore, the optimal oil shale residue content is 20%. The geopolymer-based binder system prepared in this paper is a low-carbon, environmentally friendly, and high-performance material system, its research and development are of great significance to the human society.
A meta-analysis on the impact of concurrent or pre-existing cancer diagnosis on acute myocardial infarction outcomes
Authors: Wang Jie , Yu Jia
Published: January 2025

Background

There is still a significant gap in understanding the impact of concomitant or previous cancer diagnoses on clinical outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)

Objective

To provide updated evidence on the effect of concomitant or previous cancer diagnoses on mortality and risk of complications, specifically major bleeding, myocardial reinfarction, and stroke, of patients with AMI.

Methods

A literature search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases. English-language cohort studies published in peer-reviewed journals were included. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using random-effects models and reported as odds ratio (OR) or hazards ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the standard GRADE approach.

Results

A total of 22 studies were included. AMI patients with previous or concurrent cancer had increased risk of in-hospital mortality (OR 1.44, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.73), in-hospital mortality related to cardiovascular complications (OR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.17, 3.65), mortality at 30-days follow up (OR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.74) and mortality at 1 year follow up (HR 2.67, 95% CI: 1.73, 4.11), compared to patients without cancer. The risk of major bleeding (OR 1.74, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.16), reinfarction (OR 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.37), and stroke (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.37) was also higher in patients with previous or concurrent cancer. The certainty of evidence was rated as "low" for all outcomes, except for the risk of major bleeding, which was rated as "very low."

Conclusion

Based on the low to very low certainty of evidence, we conclude that the presence of previous cancer diagnosis or concurrent cancer may increase the risk of adverse outcomes in patients with AMI. Early interventions, such as close monitoring of cardiac function, lifestyle modifications, and targeted pharmacological therapies, might help mitigate the risk of AMI and improve overall clinical outcomes. However, further methodologically rigorous studies are needed to validate the findings of this review.
Australia’s Tasman Wars: Colonial Australia’s Conflict in New Zealand, 1800–1850, Craig Wilcox (2023)
Authors: Belgrave Michael
Published: January 2025

Review of: Australia’s Tasman Wars: Colonial Australia’s Conflict in New Zealand, 1800–1850, Craig Wilcox (2023)

North Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 309 pp.,

ISBN 978 1 92266 945 2 (pbk), AU$44.95
Fire on the Island: Fear, Hope and a Christian Revival in Vanuatu, Tom Bratrud (2022)
Authors: Singleton Andrew
Published: January 2025

Review of: Fire on the Island: Fear, Hope and a Christian Revival in Vanuatu, Tom Bratrud (2022)

New York and Oxford: Berghahn, 276 pp.,

ISBN 978 1 80073 464 7 (hbk), £99
Tūnui/Comet, Robert Sullivan (2022)
Authors: Singeot Laura
Published: January 2025

Review of: Tūnui/Comet, Robert Sullivan (2022)

Auckland: Auckland University Press, 72 pp.,

ISBN 978 1 86940 969 2 (pbk), NZ$19.99

The Savage Colonizer Book, Tusiata Avia (2020)

Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington Press, 96 pp.,

ISBN 978 1 77656 409 5 (pbk), NZ$25
More than music: The relationship between punk and mainstream/liberal politicality in Zagreb
Authors: Dergić Vanja
Published: January 2025

The goal of this research is to determine what activities young actors in the punk scene view as forms of politicality that they either practise themselves or see among other actors in the punk scene in Zagreb. This research focuses on young people because of the marginalized position older people have put them in. Likewise, the attitudes of young people towards politics are sometimes seen as ‘apolitical’, describing mistrust towards politicians or dislike of political parties. Regardless of these (un)conscious barriers that are often placed before young people, we can see their different reactions: from accepting the political disinterest others expect of them to resisting their imposed marginal social status. Accordingly, we were interested in often unrecognized, alternative forms of politicality among young people. We focus on punk as an example of a subculture that revives political activity among young people. Analysing the collected data, we obtained descriptions of 39 practices, activities and political ideas – organized into seven categories – through which participants described their politicality or the politicality of that of other actors in the punk scene in Zagreb. This article will introduce the results of ethnographic research, during which 28 interviews were conducted with participants between 20 and 36 years of age. The field part of this research was conducted in fifteen months.
Cardiac electrophysiological effects of the new szv-2649, an amiodarone-like mexiletine analogue, and the citrus flavonoid hesperetin in cardiac preparations
Authors: Mohammed Aiman Saleh Abdullah
Published: January 2025

juices, research has indicated that grapefruit juice can prolong cardiac repolarization in healthy individuals, as evidenced by the QTc interval. Subsequent investigations have validated this finding in healthy participants and individuals with long QT syndrome and cardiomyopathy. Moreover, these studies have highlighted an augmented temporal disparity in cardiac repolarization, as indicated by the short-term variability of the QT interval, suggesting an increased vulnerability to cardiac arrhythmias. Our recent experimental data indicates that hesperetin, a citrus flavonoid, affects potassium channels and lengthens the QTc interval in humans. In dog and rabbit ventricular preparations, hesperetin at 10 μM did not affect the amplitude of IK1, Ito, and IKr potassium currents, but at 30 μM, it decreased these currents in a statistically significant manner. It reduced the amplitude of IKs current in a concentration-dependent manner at 3-30 μM and significantly Abstract 2 decreased the amplitudes of INaL and ICaL currents at 30 μM. Although hesperetin (10 and 30 μM) did not alter the action potential duration in normal preparations, it elicited a moderate but statistically significant prolongation of repolarization in preparations with reduced repolarization reserve induced by 100 nM dofetilide and 1 μg/ml veratrine. These findings indicate that hesperetin inhibits IKs outward potassium current at near-relevant concentrations, reducing repolarization reserve and potentially lengthening the QT interval under specific conditions, thereby increasing the risk of arrhythmia. Together, the studies highlight the potential of SZV-2649 as a safer antiarrhythmic agent compared to amiodarone and underscore the need for caution with hesperetin due to its effects on QT interval prolongation and arrhythmia risk under certain conditions.
Synthesis of MgFe2O4-TiO2-SiO2 Ternary Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Degradation of Brilliant Green dye
Authors: Suneetha M. , Bindu G. Hima , Priya K. Jyothi , Kumari Ch. Ramya , Supriya G. , Swapna D. , Douglas S. Paul
Published: January 2025

Wet chemical techniques were used to synthesize magnetic nanocomposites effectively, whereas the sol-gel process was used to individually prepare the magnetic nanocomposites. The UV-DRS, FTIR, SEM, EDS, TEM, XRD and VSM methods were used to characterize the MgFe2O4-TiO2-SiO2 nanocomposite. The photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite as a photocatalyst towards the degradation of Brilliant green was studied under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity showed that the nanocomposites were still effective after three cycles of catalysis and degraded brilliant green dye at a rate of 100%. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the composites have been investigated by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) techniques. The HR-TEM images confirm the formation of ternary nanocomposites having smaller particle sizes, whereas the surface morphology of nanocomposite was examined by SEM and EDS techniques. In UV-DRS analysis, the band gap energy value of the nanocomposite was found to be 2.3 eV. These results concluded that a synthesized photocatalyst is effective, reusable, easily separable, low-cost and eco-friendly. The antibacterial activity of the prepared nanocomposites was also evaluated against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The novel nanocomposites have shown efficient photocatalytic activity and better antibacterial activity.
Enantio-Enriched Quinic Acid in Anticancer Agents: A Review
Authors: Jayaraj Sujaritha , Kanagaraj Hemalatha
Published: January 2025

An intriguing avenue for cancer treatment has emerged in the form of enantio-enriched quinic acid, which offers a unique perspective on cancer treatment. In this review, chirality is discussed about drug development and its on the pharmacological properties of quinic acid (C7H12O6) derivatives. With enantioselective syntheses, quinic acid enantiomers with distinct stereochemistry can be developed, which leads to different biological interactions. This review also emphasizes the anticancer properties of enantio-enriched quinic acid derivatives, identifying particular enantiomers that exhibit increased bioactivity while minimizing off-target effects. Aside from their potency as potent anticancer agents with diminished adverse effects, these compounds often display favourable pharmacokinetic profiles. However, there are still obstacles to overcome, despite the fact that enantioselective synthesis procedures are both scalable and cost-efficient. For these enantiomer-enriched compounds to be validated as safe and effective, extensive in vivo investigations and clinical trials are essential. In addition to further research, potential synergistic interactions between these drugs and established therapies should be explored.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization for Synthesis of 2-Substituted Quinazolinones and Benzimidazoles
Authors: Vasupavani D.V.R. , Vaikuntarao L.
Published: January 2025

Hydrothermally synthesized nanoscale iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) particles catalyzed the one-pot synthesis of 2-aryl-substituted quinazolinones and benzimidazoles from 2-aminobenzamide and 1,2-diaminoarenes with arylmethane via oxidative cyclization. A key advantage of this method is the use of water as a green solvent, enabling the efficient production of quinazolinones and benzimidazoles in excellent yields, without the need for a base, ligand, or toxic metals. This method is a successful and eco-friendly protocol for synthesizing a wide variety of heterocyclic compounds, and the high surface reactivity of the catalyst is probably a contributing factor.
Synthesis of Charge Transfer Complexation between 2,5-Dihydroxy-p-benzoquinone and 2-Amino Aniline; Spectral Characterization and DFT Analysis
Authors: Arunapriya L. , Venkatesh N.
Published: January 2025

A charge transfer (CT) complex was synthesized using electron donor 2-amino aniline (AA) and electron acceptor 2,5-dihydroxy benzoquinone (DHBQ) in an acetonitrile medium. The charge transfer complex stoichiometry is 1:1. The Benesi-Hildebrand equation was used to determine the molar absorptivity (εCT), association constant (KCT) and other physical constants. The synthesized solid CT-complex was analyzed by 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopic methods. DFT study of the CT complex (gas phase) at the basis set B3LYP/6-31++G also gave similar results of the experimental work. Mulliken atomic charges and reactive parameters of acceptor and donor recommend that AA is good electron donor and DHBQ is good electron acceptor so that form good highly stable charge transfer complex. Finally, good agreement between the experimental and theoretical computations was observed confirming that the basis set used is appropriate for the system under examination.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Alkali-Pretreated Parthenium hysterophorus with Adsorption Kinetic Studies
Authors: Gautam Divya , Walia Yogesh Kumar , Rana Vishal
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) derived from Parthenium hysterophorus biomass through acid hydrolysis. Acid hydrolysis of cellulose extracted from Parthenium resulted in a significant increase in crystallinity, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), with the nanocellulose exhibiting a crystallinity index of 77%. SEM images revealed that acid hydrolysis resulted in the alteration of the fibrous and coiled structure of cellulose, resulting in the formation of spherical cellulose nanocrystals. The TEM analysis of cellulose nanocrystals revealed an average diameter of approximately 36-79 nm, demonstrating the impact of acid hydrolysis on morphology. Further the structural characterization using FTIR indicated the preservation of cellulose chemical structure, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed improved thermal stability of the nanocellulose compared to raw biomass post-processing. Zeta potential analysis highlighted strong colloidal stability with a highly negative surface charge (-28.9 ± 6.18 mV), essential for applications requiring dispersion stability. In adsorption studies, the synthesized nanocellulose effectively removed 75% of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions at room temperature, following pseudo second-order kinetics. This study underscores the potential of Parthenium-derived nanocellulose in sustainable materials applications, leveraging invasive weed biomass for eco-friendly nanomaterial production. The findings contribute to advancing sustainable materials research by demonstrating the utility of Parthenium biomass for value-added nanomaterial production, specifically highlighting the enhanced properties and effective adsorption capabilities of the synthesized nanocellulose.
Design, Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Novel Indole-Based Mannich Base Derivatives
Authors: Gopi Chandravadivelu , Dhanaraju Magharla Dasaratha , Ramachandran Somasundaram , Magesh A.R. , Deepan Thiyagarajan , Veeramaneni Alekkhya , Dhanaraju Kavitha
Published: January 2025

The object of the present investigation is to synthesize and estimate the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of indole-based Mannich base derivatives (M1-M5). These analogues were synthesized by condensation technique between indole, formaldehyde/furfuraldehyde and substituted aliphatic/aromatic amines. These analogue structures were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy. Initially, indole-based Mannich base derivatives therapeutic activities were assessed from AUTODOCK score after the successful binding with Staphylococcus aureus DNA gyrase B and cyclooxygenase 2. Each mannich base derivative had revealed an excellent affinity towards the target. Furthermore, the derivatives were also screened for antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities by in vitro methods. The study findings demostrated that these analogues have considerable antimicrobial activity against E. coli, B. subtilis, A. flavus and A. niger. Whereas, the anti-inflammatory activity result suggested that the novel indole-based Mannich derivatives significantly controlled the protein denatured and RBC haemolysis. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity result reveals that compounds exhibited worthy activity due to the presence of the phenyl, piperidine, morpholine ring as a part of the structure. Analogues M2, M3 and M5 had shown remarkable activity compared to the other compounds. Therefore, these analogues can be considered for the development of new antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents.
Impact of Leaching Operational Factors on Nickel and Manganese Recovery from Black Masses of Spent Lithium-Ion and Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries
Authors: Hardianto Ari , Oktavia Diah N. , Nafisah Zuhrotun , Kusuma Hersandy D. , Nurrusyda Fajriana S. , Purwadi Wiwik , Mawardi Indra , Nopriyanti Rani , Ismy Adi S. , Amalia Dessy
Published: January 2025

Spent lithium-ion (LiB) and nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries pose significant environmental concerns and a valuable resource for critical metals. This study employs a two-level fractional factorial design to analyze the impact of various leaching factors on nickel and manganese recovery from a mixture of spent LiB and NiMH batteries. Results indicate that the acid concentration and liquid-to-solid ratio are the most influential factors for nickel and manganese leaching. Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirms the morphological changes in the black mass, leading to increased porosity and reduced particle size, correlating with higher metal recovery. This study provides valuable insights for developing efficient and sustainable battery recycling processes.
Modified Graphene Oxide-Zinc Oxide Assisted Accelerated Photodegradation of Polystyrene under Ultraviolet Irradiation
Authors: Lal S. Dinoop , Jose T. Sunil , Rajesh C. , Puthukkara P. Anju Rose , Rijoy K.J. , Unnikrishnan K. Savitha
Published: January 2025

In this work, the photodegradation of polystyrene (PS) was investigated using modified graphene oxide-zinc oxide (ZnO-GO) photocatalyst under ultraviolet radiation. The optical band gap energy of ZnO decreased in ZnO-GO composites. Photodegradation of PS, PS-ZnO and PS-ZnO-GO composites were studied under artificial UV radiation. PS-ZnO-GO composites underwent superior chain scission compared to PS-ZnO and pristine PS, upon UV exposure, as evident from gel permeation chromatography (GPC). FTIR spectra revealed the existence of strong chemical interaction between ZnO and GO in the prepared composites. Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy substantiated the occurrence of photo-oxidation in PS chains upon UV exposure. The decrease in the mechanical properties, dielectric breakdown voltage and thermal stability the irradiated specimens demonstrating the spread of degradation of PS chain to the inner matrix from the surface. Considering the results of all the analysis techniques, it was evident that PS-ZnO-GO composites underwent superior photodegradation compared to PS-ZnO and pristine PS. A possible mechanism of degradation was also proposed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Nanoferrite and Magnesium-Nickel-Silver Doped Copper Nanoferrites
Authors: Naik Priyanka , Gounhalli Shivraj G.
Published: January 2025

The sol-gel approach was used to synthesize the copper nanoferrite and magnesium-nickel-silver doped copper nanoferrites in the present work. Several methods were used to characterize the synthesized nanoferrites, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and UV-visible spectroscopy. FTIR spectroscopy revealed metal ion peaks at 547-569 cm–1. XRD evaluation indicated that the typical crystallite size was between 20 and 26 nm and the FESEM exhibited non-uniform forms in the synthesized nanoferrites. Elemental analysis revealed the presence of copper, magnesium, nickel and silver in the doped nanoferrites. UV-visible spectroscopy revealed that the direct optical band gap of 1.61 eV for pure copper nanoferrite, 1.53 eV for Cu0.5 and 1.36 eV for Cu0.7. The hysteresis loop of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles was studied to examine their magnetic properties. These findings implies that the synthesized nanoferrites have potential uses in semiconducting device applications and magnetic data storage.
“Em princípio, não existe indivíduo suspeito e sim atitude suspeita”
Authors: Simões Gomes Leticia
Published: January 2025

Este artigo explora a articulação entre silêncio, segredo, militarização e a invisibilização de representações sobre raça e suspeição na formação policial da Polícia Militar de São Paulo. A partir da análise de materiais qualitativos (documentos, entrevista, observação), problematiza-se os sentidos que silêncio e segredo assumem na produção narrativa de representações sobre raça e suspeição pela corporação. Narrativas unívocas silenciam sobre representações raciais, operando a partir da racialização da atenção a lugares, objetos e disposições. Silêncio e segredo ligam-se pela percepção da corporação sobre cidadania, alteridade, e seu papel social: de proteção da integridade institucional e de seu imaginário de ordem, de composição seletiva e racializada.
Lightweight Ship Object Detection Algorithm for Remote Sensing Images Based on Multi-scale Perception and Feature Enhancement
Authors: Sun Wei , Shen Xinyi , Zhang Xiaorui , Guan Fei
Published: January 2025

As global trade and maritime traffic develop, exploring ship detection in remote sensing images has become a research hotspot. However, ships in remote sensing images are so small that it leads to a high detection leakage rate and excessive model parameters, making them difficult to
apply on remote sensing equipment with limited resources. To address the challenge, we propose a light-weight ship object detection algorithm, adaptive layered multi-scale You Only Look Once version 8 (ALM-YOLOv8), based on multi-scale perception and feature enhancement. To enhance the model's
perception of contextual information in complex backgrounds, a multi-scale channel fusion module is constructed to extract features of various scales. To enhance the extracted features, a small-object detection layer and a dynamic channel attention convolution that assigns dynamic weights
are proposed. Additionally, this study embeds the large separable kernel attention mechanism into the original network, which lightens the model. Experiments on the HRSC2016 dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of ALM-YOLOv8.
feminino como herança
Authors: Cecconello Mônego Renata , De Oliveira Weinmann Amadeu
Published: January 2025

Através do mito de Perséfone, este artigo explora os caminhos da sexualidade feminina na relação entre mãe, filha e um terceiro, e aposta em um feminino transmitido nas relações geracionais, herdado como uma joia de família.
Coronary Myocardial Bridge Updates: Anatomy, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options
Authors: Angelini Paolo , Uribe Carlo , Raghuram Arjun
Published: January 2025

Myocardial bridging is a frequent anomaly of the heart in humans and other animals. A myocardial bridge is typically characterized by the systolic narrowing seen with traditional catheter angiography, but this abnormality is not by itself a sign of ischemia or the need for intervention. In particular, transient spontaneous angina must be corroborated by reproducible narrowing during acetylcholine testing; this narrowing occurs during resting conditions and is responsive to nitroglycerin administration. Ischemia in myocardial bridging can result from acquired arterial wall disease (coronary artery atherosclerotic disease) or from instances of coronary spasm. Clinical evaluation should seek to identify baseline features such as myocardial bridge thickness (by using computerized axial tomography or intravascular ultrasonography) and the severity of systolic compression or reproducible spasticity (by administering acetylcholine). Nuclear myocardial scintigraphy is usually negative in patients with isolated myocardial bridging. Spastic coronary hyperactivity must be treated initially with antispasmodic medications, such as calcium channel blockers and nitrates, rather than by percutaneous stent placement or bypass surgery. Only exceptionally prolonged and critically severe spasm can induce intraluminal clotting and acute myocardial infarction. Recognizing the exceptionality and variability of ischemic presentations related to myocardial bridging is essential, as is establishing appropriate investigational methods for each of these facets of the condition.
Floristic inventory of urban afforestation in the city of Nepomuceno - MG
Authors: Carvalho Amarante Tavares Larissa , Tavares Pedroso Junior Cipriano , Abreu Mattos Ana Clara , Assunção de Castro Oliveira Júlia , Gavilanes Manuel Losada
Published: January 2025

Urban afforestation refers to the vegetation cover present in urban areas, which plays an important role in man's relationship with the environment, ensuring a better quality of life, as well as visually enhancing and ornamenting the urban space. The vegetation found in urban areas, when implemented correctly, is responsible for minimizing the environmental impact caused by anthropic action to expand cities. With this in mind, a survey was carried out of the species present in the tree planting on public roads in the municipality of Nepomuceno, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A census-type inventory was carried out, covering streets, avenues and lanes, except for private gardens. Individuals over 1.5 m were analyzed and species identification was based on specialized bibliography, as well as comparative analysis with botanical material from the ESAL Herbarium (Herbarium of the Department of Biology-DBI of the Institute of Natural Sciences-ICN of the Federal University of Lavras-UFLA, Lavras - MG, Brazil). The presence of 54 species was verified, among the most representative species: Sibipiruna (Cenostigma pluviosum var. peltophoroides (Benth.) Gagnon & G.P.Lewis - Fabaceae), followed by Sete-copas (Terminalia cattapa L. - Combretaceae). Therefore, studies such as this one are essential for guiding appropriate management practices, selecting species suitable for local conditions and promoting awareness of the importance of urban vegetation in building more sustainable and resilient cities.
Targeted maximum likelihood based estimation for longitudinal mediation analysis
Authors: Wang Zeyi , Laan Lars van der , Petersen Maya , Gerds Thomas , Kvist Kajsa , Laan Mark van der
Published: January 2025

Causal mediation analysis with random interventions has become an area of significant interest for understanding time-varying effects with longitudinal and survival outcomes. To tackle causal and statistical challenges due to the complex longitudinal data structure with time-varying confounders, competing risks, and informative censoring, there exists a general desire to combine machine learning techniques and semiparametric theory. In this article, we focus on targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) of longitudinal natural direct and indirect effects defined with random interventions. The proposed estimators are multiply robust, locally efficient, and directly estimate and update the conditional densities that factorize data likelihoods. We utilize the highly adaptive lasso (HAL) and projection representations to derive new estimators (HAL-EIC) of the efficient influence curves (EICs) of longitudinal mediation problems and propose a fast one-step TMLE algorithm using HAL-EIC while preserving the asymptotic properties. The proposed method can be generalized for other longitudinal causal parameters that are smooth functions of data likelihoods, and thereby provides a novel and flexible statistical toolbox.
A multimodal discourse analysis of the music video ‘IBA’
Authors: Oyebamiji Grace A. , Olutayo Grace O.
Published: January 2025

This study presents a comprehensive multimodal analysis of the music video ‘Iba,’ offering an in-depth exploration of the meaning and communication conveyed through this captivating audio-visual performance. The central research question guiding this investigation is: How do the diverse semiotic resources, including audio, visuals, lyrics, gestures, and symbolic representations, converge within the music video to construct its overarching message and aesthetic appeal? Employing Kress’ robust theoretical framework of social semiotic theory of multimodality, this research critically examines the video’s semiotic materials and their interconnections. The analysis demonstrates that ‘Iba’ skilfully deploys a vast array of semiotic modalities to express a profound narrative and cultural significance. This study underscores the remarkable potency of social semiotic multimodal analysis in illuminating music videos as a formidable medium for artistic expression and cultural preservation. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how multimodal ensembles can be strategically leveraged to convey complex meanings and evoke powerful responses from the audience. This research holds important implications for scholars interested in the intersections of music, visual culture, and meaning-making.
En temps de crise, quelle place pour la souffrance des soignants? Quelles solutions éthiques y apporter?
Authors: Béland Jean-Pierre , Carignan Louise , Bernard Sylvain
Published: January 2025

Comment peut-on atténuer la souffrance des soignants, tout en maintenant la qualité des services de santé et sociaux offerts à la population? En éthique professionnelle, le dialogue est souvent préconisé pour coconstruire des solutions, mais, en période de crise, le manque d’importance accordé au dialogue n’exacerbe-t-il pas la souffrance des soignants? Cet article aborde le tabou de la souffrance des soignants, exacerbée par les réformes et par la crise de la COVID-19. Il propose une démarche réflexive de groupe visant à briser le tabou et à dissiper la confusion entourant la souffrance psychologique, éthique et morale des soignants. L’objectif de cette démarche est de remédier à la perte de sens, à l’épuisement professionnel et à l’indifférence vécus par les professionnels. Cette approche requiert une gouvernance collaborative favorisant le dialogue coconstructif ainsi que l’engagement collectif des soignants et des gestionnaires pour trouver des solutions aux dilemmes et aux conflits de valeurs, assurant ainsi la réalisation de la mission commune d’offrir des services de qualité à la population.
La main : pourquoi s’y intéresser à l’ère du numérique?
Authors: Lortie Monique
Published: January 2025

L’objet de cet article est de montrer en quoi et comment les nouvelles technologies peuvent altérer de façon majeure l’utilisation et la place de la main chez l’humain, et en quoi cela soulève des enjeux qu’on aurait tort de négliger puisqu’ils concernent le profil des futurs travailleurs, clients et usagers. Nous abordons d’abord la place de la main dans l’histoire humaine, soit son rôle dans l’évolution en tant que marqueur d’identité, outil d’action, d’interface et de communication. Nous résumons ensuite les connaissances sur le couple main-cerveau. Puis, nous abordons les fonctions susceptibles d’être profondément modifiées par les avancées technologiques : la mémoire, les communications, la prise d’information (le tactile), la créativité et les savoir-faire. Deux objets identifiés pour la qualité de symbiose des questions concernant la main sont abordés dans chacune des trois sections : la musique et l’écriture. Les commentaires conclusifs ciblent six points.
Le co-investissement et son impact sur la performance et la croissance des firmes entrepreneuriales : une revue de littérature
Authors: El Fadil Jalal
Published: January 2025

Plusieurs investisseurs s’aventurent à financer les firmes entrepreneuriales et les entreprises en démarrage innovatrices. Si la syndication d’investisseurs a fait l’objet de nombreux travaux, peu d’études se sont intéressées au co-investissement impliquant les sociétés de capital risque, les investisseurs providentiels (business angels) et les investisseurs par financement participatif (crowdfunding). Or, il est de plus en plus important d’analyser les interactions entre ces trois types de bailleurs de fonds ainsi que d’étudier les enjeux et les difficultés associés à la gouvernance cognitive et disciplinaire au sein de l’entreprise qu’ils financent. Ainsi, nous avons mené une large revue de littérature afin d’explorer les études traitant de l’apport sur les plans financier et cognitif des trois types d’investisseurs à la performance de l’entreprise et d’analyser leur influence sur sa croissance, dans le cas où ils sont impliqués tous les trois ou deux d’entre eux dans le processus de financement. Cela nous a permis d’avancer cinq propositions pouvant faire l’objet d’une étude qualitative.
The Temporal organization of learned vocal behavior is predicted by species rather than experience
Authors: Edwards Jacob Aaron , Rivera Moises , Woolley Sarah Margaret Nicolay
Published: January 2025

Birdsong is hierarchically organized in time, like speech and other communication behaviors. Syllables are produced in sequences to form song motifs and bouts. While syllables are copied from tutors, the factors that determine song temporal organization, including syllable sequencing (syntax), are unknown. Here, we tested the roles of learning and species genetics in song organization. We manipulated juvenile song experience and genetics in three species of estrildid finches (zebra finches:Taeniopygia guttata castanotis; long-tailed finches:Poephila acuticauda; Bengalese finches:Lonchura striatavar.domestica). We analyzed the adult songs of male birds that were: 1) tutored by conspecifics; 2) untutored; 3) tutored by heterospecifics; and 4) genetic hybrids. Song macrostructure, syllable sequencing, and syllable timing were quantified and compared within and across species. Results showed that song organization was consistent within a species and differed across species, regardless of experience. Temporal features did not differ between tutored and untutored birds of the same species. The songs of birds tutored by other species were composed of heterospecific syllables produced in sequences typical of conspecific song. The songs of genetic hybrids showed the organization of both parental species, despite the fact that only males sing. Results indicate that song organization is predicted by species rather than experience.

Significance statementLike speech, birdsong is a complex and learned behavior that is hierarchically organized in time. Previous work suggests that species identity influences song temporal organization. We tested the roles of genetics and learning in song organization in three songbird species and genetic hybrids. Birds were either tutored, untutored, or tutored by another species. Results showed that song organization was consistent within a species and differed across species, regardless of experience. Our findings suggest that the organization of behavioral sequences is shaped by both genes and experience, with the influence of experience acting at the level of units in a sequence and the influence of species genetics acting at the level of sequence organization.
Increasing Public Welfare Through Increasing Human Resources of Original Songket Weaving Craftsmanships in Nganjuk District
Authors: Ambarwati  , Supheni Indrian , Arintowati Dyan , Wulandari Vina , Ningrum Dwi Septia
Published: January 2025

The background of this activity is the gap between active craftsmen and new craftsmen. This is a concern for weaving actors/craftsmen in Barong hamlet, Kedungrejo village, Tanjunganom District, Nganjuk regency. If no action is taken, the weaving culture will become extinct. On the one hand, weaving is a cultural heritage that must be maintained and preserved, but on the other hand, weaving is a promising source of income. Carrying out training activities to improve human resources for these weaving craftsmen means that two goals can be achieved at once, namely preserving ancestral culture and improving the welfare of weaving craftsmen which will have an impact on the community in general. The method chosen in implementing this activity was to provide basic weaving training for beginners, which continued with training so that it was hoped that they could become proficient. This activity was carried out in Barong hamlet, Kedungrejo village, Tanjunganom District, Nganjuk regency. The result of implementing this activity was the growth of new craftsmen who started from beginners/laymen about weaving and are now able to increase family income through weaving crafts.
Un pensamiento que trasciende. Peter Seixas y sus contribuciones para el desarrollo del pensamiento histórico
Authors: Chávez Preisler Carolina
Published: January 2025

In the early 1980s, Denis Shemilt proposed that history should be taught so that students can understand the past through the particular methods and perspectives of the discipline. His ideas were pioneering and triggering, so that in the future and in different latitudes, research groups are formed with the purpose of developing proposals that allow clarifying what these particular methods and perspectives are. In this line, Peter Seixas since the 1990s, has been one of the researchers who has contributed the most to clarifying these issues, leading the "historical thinking" research group in Canada and being a benchmark for other research. That is why, in this paper, it is proposed to reflect on the contributions of Peter Seixas' thought for the understanding of the teaching of history, of what it is and what it implies to think historically.
Diálogo das ideias de significância de estudantes portugueses com o contributo de Peter Seixas
Authors: Gago Marília , Oliveira Sara
Published: January 2025

This research study aims to investigate how 12th-grade Portuguese students, concluding their compulsory education, attribute historical significance to events and historical agents in the history of Portugal over the last 100 years. Data was collected using open-ended questions, analyzed through an inductive way inspired by the categorization and analysis methods proposed by Grounded Theory, in line with research studies in History Education. The students presented various types of attribution of significance, with Causal significance and Standard significance being the most prevalent categories. These findings suggested a 3-level model of ideas, with Level 2 - Emerging contextual significance with single or multiple attribution types of Contemporary and Causal being the most frequent level encountered, followed by Level 3 - Emerging contextual significance with single or multiple attribution types of Standard and Current.
Las ciudadanías críticas a través del currículo: análisis comparativo de las experiencias docentes de Chile y Costa Rica en la formación ciudadana
Authors: Calderón Azofeifa Mauricio , Padilla Gormaz Catalina
Published: January 2025

This essay is an analysis of the vision of the citizenship and its approach in the official curriculum through the experiences of teachers in the classroom, using a comparative method between Costa Rica and Chile, discovering similarities and differences in the Civic Education curriculum that is taught to young students during their last year in secondary school (17 to 18 years approximately). What kind of learnings are promoted? What challenges and possibilities exist today during the work of critical citizenships in the classroom? We discovered that the ten year difference between the curriculums make differences in conceptual and processual contents, however, there are similarities in the attitudinal and the concern of the States in order to build a democratic society through active and critical citizenships in the classroom, which gives the teacher a central and essential role, because it is the teacher who has to make a reality the ideals of civic education to the school in different contexts.
Post-traumatic stress disorder and potential biomarkers: a critical review
Authors: Brunoz Paul
Published: January 2025

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is introduced by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5 TR) (2022) as a mental health condition that impacts approximately 6.8% of U.S. adults. Despite the abundant literature on the psychological underpinnings of PTSD, biological mechanisms are not well understood. Additionally, critical reviews are far and few between with regard to physiological research on PTSD. As such, it is crucial to explore the underlying biological mechanisms in addition to the psychological elements of PTSD etiology. Biomarkers are introduced as a potential indicator for exploring physiological and psychological symptoms, distinguishing diagnosis, and predicting symptom severity, intensity, and duration. While research supports biomarkers as an accurate indicator for understanding PTSD pathology, a clinically validated biomarker test has yet to be developed. This critical review evaluates the relevant literature related to biological markers and PTSD to identify strengths, limitations, and future directions in biomarker research as it relates to PTSD etiology. This critical review reveals that despite the robust internal and validity methods in biomarker PTSD research, the methodologies are limited in the scope of generalizability, inclusion of diversity and intersectionality interactions, and flexibility for complex presentations. Much of the literature also fails to incorporate treatment directions or clinical application suggestions, as much of the biomarker findings are too vague or complex for accessible implementation. Despite the limitations in methodology, this critical review concludes that biomarkers are the first step in facilitating an integrative and holistic approach to our understanding of PTSD pathology. Future directions include the application of biomarker research on PTSD treatment, progression of symptomology, prevention, and protective factors, and the development of a universal biomarker test for PTSD that is generalizable.
Will Bolivia Be Able to Remain as an Emblematic Example of Democratic Socialism?
Authors: Ibañez Choque Ariel Bernardo
Published: January 2025

The left-wing experience in Bolivia was emblematic for its achievements in economic growth and an unprecedented reduction of poverty and inequality, but it was interrupted by the coup of 2019. Nevertheless, in 2020 the second progressive wave emerged after a broad social movement to recover democracy. Then, this research aims to critically reflect on the progressive experience in Bolivia and its new challenges. Using political economy categories and the heterodox framework, this research argues that to remain the second progressive wave experience requires overcoming the internal political crisis and the balance of payments constraints.
The Development Dilemma in Contemporary Chile: A Historical-Structural Analysis.
Authors: Torres Olivos Miguel
Published: January 2025

This article examines the main aspects characterising the development process in contemporary Chile through a historical-structural analysis. In doing so, it identifies the current difficulties facing the country, framing them within a structural and cyclical context. Accordingly, it posits Chile’s problem as a misalignment between economic and social dynamics and the political sphere’s scope of action. To characterise this development dilemma, the article presents an analysis of the country’s political evolution over the last twenty years. The analysis is set within a broader historical framework spanning five decades examining the economic situation and social relations, drawing on ad-hoc historiographical sources and presenting a set of stylised facts that trace the principal trends in Chile’s development process.
(De)Construction of Gendered Identities in ELT Materials: A Systemic Functional View
Authors: Rasti Alireza
Published: January 2025

With an ever-increasing abundance of English Language Teaching materials, there is always a need for research to unearth the possible gendered discourses in/around them. This investigation sought to uncover patterns a Systemic Functional Linguistic reading of Ministry-produced textbooks for the Iranian schools might yield vis-a-vis gender representation. To this end, all the clauses in the Vision series, containing references to males and females, were analyzed in terms of their Transitivity System elements. Subsequent to this phase, which rendered an imbalanced view of gendered identities, van Leeuwen’s categories of Identification and Functionalization were applied to fine-tune the subjectivities arrived at. The study found men as transacting in more domains of life, as being more rational and vocal, and as being described more fully and attributed more lifelike qualities. As for van Leeuwen’s resources, in addition to men being rendered in more occupations, they were displayed as being more innovative and technological.