bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of coronary slow flow on left atrial structure and function
Authors: Shui Zhiyuan , Wang Yunzhi , Sun Mingxue , Gao Yiqun , Liang Shunji , Wang Yiran , Wang Xiaomei , Yu Qin , Zhang Shulong , Liu Li
Published: April 2021

The coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is common in coronary angiography, however its impact on left atrial (LA) function is still controversial. This study aims to evaluate the LA structure and function of patients with CSFP using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). Consecutive patients scheduled for coronary angiography from January 2016 to September 2017 were enrolled in this study. Patients’ demographic data, clinical histories, laboratory and angiographic findings were collected and recorded. Diagnostic criteria for CSFP is based on Beltrame et al. proposed in 2012. Meanwhile 139 patients who have no significant stenosis (≤ 40%) and normal blood flow were selected as control. All patients received an echocardiographic examination 24 h before coronary angiography. LA structure and function were measured with echocardiography and 2D-STE. Our results showed that among the 1,954 patients who had received coronary angiography, 512 patients were included in the analysis after the exclusion criteria was implemented. Of those, 101 patients met the CSFP criteria (5.5%). CSFP is mainly seen in LAD (~ 70%). There was no statistical difference in baseline characteristics between the CSFP group and control group, except for a higher proportion of smokers in the CSFP group (P = 0.001). The percentage of monocytes is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of CSFP (P = 0.036) after binary logistic regression analysis. The LA global longitudinal strain (LA-GLS, represents reservoir functions) decreased and LA strain rate at late diastole (LA-SRa, represents booster function) increased in patients with CSFP compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Correlation test of continuous variables by Pearson test suggested that LA-GLS was negatively correlated with TIMI frame count (TFC). We concluded that the percentage of monocytes is an independent risk factor for the CSFP; the LA reservoir and booster functions were impaired in patients with CSFP; LA-GLS is negatively correlated with TFC.
An overview of latest advances in exploring bioactive peptide hydrogels for neural tissue engineering
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Pal Vijay Kumar , Roy Sangita
Published: April 2021

Highly tunable peptide hydrogels derived from short peptide amphiphiles are an emerging class of biomaterials finding wide applications in neural tissue engineering.
Nanocapsule designs for antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Marzuoli Irene , Cruz Carlos H. B. , Lorenz Christian D. , Fraternali Franca
Published: April 2021

Molecular modelling and simulations elucidate the characteristics of a potent antimicrobial capsule, allowing the design of a novel unit.
Size-dependent optical extinction of MoS2 nanosheets and their aptamer-induced dispersion behavior for the label-free detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7
Authors: Li Jiye , Wang Jie
Published: April 2021

For the first time, we have revealed the size-dependent extinction response of MoS2-NS aggregation, the phenomenon of which has been employed as a sensing strategy for the label-free detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7.
Determination of DDT in honey samples by liquid–liquid extraction with low-temperature purification (LLE-LTP) combined to HPLC-DAD
Authors: Freitas Lucas Victor Pereira de , Alves Lorena Maria Guimarães , Sicupira Lázaro Chaves , Pinho Gevany Paulino de , Silvério Flaviano Oliveira
Published: April 2021

This paper describes a new method for the determination of DDT in honey samples by liquid–liquid extraction with low-temperature purification (LLE-LTP) combined with HPLC-DAD.
The effects of VEGF-centered biomimetic delivery of growth factors on bone regeneration
Authors: Kim Ho Yong , Park Jin-Ho , Kim Min Ji , Lee Jin Ho , Oh Se Heang , Byun June-Ho
Published: April 2021

The Biomimetic group was prepared by combining MP particles, LSS particles, and pluornic mixture-infiltrated LSS particles. The Biomimetic group resulted in faster bone regeneration than the Continuous group, unlike the in vitro observations.
Small molecule binding to inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta in an ATP non-competitive manner
Authors: Napoleon John V. , Singh Sarbjit , Rana Sandeep , Bendjennat Mourad , Kumar Vikas , Kizhake Smitha , Palermo Nicholas Y. , Ouellette Michel M. , Huxford Tom , Natarajan Amarnath
Published: April 2021

ATP non-competitive IKKβ inhibitor that allows for transient activation of the cannonical NF-κB pathway.
Novel approach to benzo-fused 1,2-azaphospholene involving a Pd(ii)-assisted tandem P–C bond cleavage and P–N bond formation reaction
Authors: Kunchur Harish S. , Radhakrishna Latchupatula , Pandey Madhusudan K. , Balakrishna Maravanji S.
Published: April 2021

Pd(ii) assisted P–C/Pd–C bond metathesis was observed in the reaction of amide based bisphoshine (Bala-HariPhos). The cleavage of P–Ph with the elimination of PhH to form a new P–N bond, resulting in a 1,2-azaphospholene ring.
Understanding the planar conformations in diarylsubstituted heteroarenes: structural and theoretical insights
Authors: Zia Mehwash , Hameed Shahid , Frontera Antonio , Irran Elisabeth , Naseer Muhammad Moazzam
Published: April 2021

We have synthesized and X-ray characterized a series of six diaryl-substituted heteroarenes in order to analyze unconventional intramolecular CAr–H⋯N/O in comparison to conventional H-bonds.
Synthesis and electrochemical properties of metal(ii)-carboxyethylphenylphosphinates
Authors: Bazaga-García Montse , Vílchez-Cózar Álvaro , Maranescu Bianca , Olivera-Pastor Pascual , Marganovici Marko , Ilia Gheorghe , Cabeza Díaz Aurelio , Visa Aurelia , Colodrero Rosario M. P.
Published: April 2021

Structurally versatile divalent metal phosphinates are studied as precursors of electrocatalysts (Co2+) for the OER and ORR.
Fabrication of highly stable platinum organosols over DNA-scaffolds for enriched catalytic and SERS applications
Authors: Madhu Ragunath , Karmakar Arun , Karthick Kannimuthu , Kumaravel Sangeetha , Sam Sankar Selvasundarasekar , Prajapati Devendra , Kundu Subrata
Published: April 2021

Highly stable DNA-mediated Pt@DNA organosols were prepared by a simple wet chemical method and fruitfully utilized as catalysts for the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds and as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) studies.
Environmentally benign synthesis of fluorescent carbon nanodots using waste PET bottles: highly selective and sensitive detection of Pb2+ions in aqueous medium
Authors: Ghosh Arnab , Das Gopal
Published: April 2021

Green fluorescent carbon nanodots (size ∼6 nm) as a turn-off fluorescent optical nano-sensor for selective and sensitive detection of Pb2+ions from aqueous medium.
Size-controlled Ag quantum dots decorated on binder-free hierarchical NiCoP films by magnetron sputtering to boost electrochemical performance for supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhong Ke , Liu Caixia , Yang Yu , Zhao Zhe , Li Tiantian , Lu Qingshan
Published: April 2021

Binder-free hierarchical NiCoP films decorated with size-controlled Ag quantum dots exhibit boosted electrochemical performance for supercapacitors due to the formed ohmic contact.
HFIP-mediated 2-aza-Cope rearrangement: metal-free synthesis of α-substituted homoallylamines at ambient temperature
Authors: Gadde Karthik , Maes Bert U. W. , Abbaspour Tehrani Kourosch
Published: April 2021

A synthesis of α-substituted homoallylamine derivatives is presented, involving the in situ generation of aldimines from readily available aldehydes and 1,1-diphenylhomoallylamines, followed by a 2-aza-Cope rearrangement in HFIP at room temperature.
Unexpected formal [4 + 2]-cycloaddition of chalcone imines and homophthalic anhydrides: preparation of dihydropyridin-2(1H)-ones
Authors: Guranova Natalia , Golubev Pavel , Bakulina Olga , Dar'in Dmitry , Kantin Grigory , Krasavin Mikhail
Published: April 2021

Chalcone imines were reacted with homophthalic anhydrides to serve as a four-atom building block in a [4+2]-formal cycloaddition reaction with unexpected chemoselectivity (Castagnoli–Cushman-type reaction), providing dihydropyridin-2(1H)-ones.
Synthesis of fully degradable cationic polymers with various topological structures via postpolymerization modification by using thio-bromo “click” reaction
Authors: Dai Yunkai , Hu Zhitao , Wang Xiaoying , Liu Xingliang , Li Yuanchao , Shi Yi , Chen Yongming
Published: April 2021

Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) based and fully degradable cationic polymers with various topological structures and tunable charge densities were prepared via postpolymerization modification using thio-bromo “click” chemistry.
A novel self-templating strategy for facile fabrication of monodisperse polymeric microporous capsules with a tunable hollow structure
Authors: Tan Liangxiao , Tan Bien
Published: April 2021

The self-templating fabrication of monodisperse polymeric microporous capsules with a tunable hollow structure for gas storage, efficient iodine capture and heterogeneous catalysis.
An efficient, formic acid selective CO2 electrolyzer with a boron-doped diamond cathode
Authors: Du Jinglun , Fiorani Andrea , Einaga Yasuaki
Published: April 2021

A diamond electrode–based CO2 electrolyzer was fabricated. With this electrolyzer, a faradaic efficiency of 96% and electrical-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency of 43% for the production of formic acid can be obtained.
In-depth study of structural, morphological and electronic changes during conversion and alloying of ITO
Authors: De Taeye Louis L. , Hubrechtsen Liese B. , Teirlynck Ian , Vereecken Philippe M.
Published: April 2021

A meticulous physico-chemical characterization of the lithiation and delithiation processes of ITO at a microscopic scale was conducted combining AFM, C-AFM, ERD, RBS, SEM, and XRD.
Designing a naphthyridinedione-based conjugated polymer for thickness-tolerant high efficiency polymer solar cells
Authors: Park Jun-Mo , Lee Tack Ho , Kim Dong Won , Kim Jae Won , Chung Hae Yeon , Heo Jungwoo , Park Song Yi , Yoon Won Sik , Kim Jin Young , Park Soo Young
Published: April 2021

A newly designed NTD-based polymer with an exceptionally high absorption coefficient, small crystallite size, and high charge mobility shows excellent thickness-tolerant high PCEs in fullerene PSCs.
Ordered sphalerite derivative Cu5Sn2S7: a degenerate semiconductor with high carrier mobility in the Cu–Sn–S diagram
Authors: Pavan Kumar Ventrapati , Lemoine Pierric , Carnevali Virginia , Guélou Gabin , Lebedev Oleg I. , Boullay Philippe , Raveau Bernard , Al Rahal Al Orabi Rabih , Fornari Marco , Prestipino Carmelo , Menut Denis , Candolfi Christophe , Malaman Bernard , Juraszek Jean , Guilmeau Emmanuel
Published: April 2021

The discovery of the monoclinic Cu5Sn2S7phase adds a high mobility member to the Cu–Sn–S diagram and demonstrates how the crystal structure can be advantageously manipulated to design novel compositions for energy-oriented applications.
Coacervation-driven instant paintable underwater adhesives with tunable optical and electrochromic properties
Authors: Peng Qiongyao , Chen Jingsi , Wang Tao , Gong Lu , Peng Xuwen , Wu Meng , Ma Yuhao , Wu Feiyi , Yang Diling , Zhang Hao , Zeng Hongbo
Published: April 2021

Novel coacervation-driven instant underwater adhesive with tunable optical and electrochromic properties, driven by synergistic effects of hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interaction.
PE-ALD of Ge1−xSxamorphous chalcogenide alloys for OTS applications
Authors: Kim Myoungsub , Kim Youngjun , Lee Minkyu , Hong Seok Man , Kim Hyung Keun , Yoo Sijung , Kim Taehoon , Chung Seung-min , Lee Taeyoon , Kim Hyungjun
Published: April 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) cross-point (X-point) technology, including amorphous chalcogenide-based ovonic threshold switching (OTS) selectors, is bringing new changes to the memory hierarchy for high-performance computing systems.
Protecting artificial intelligence IPs: a survey of watermarking and fingerprinting for machine learning
Authors: Regazzoni Francesco , Palmieri Paolo , Smailbegovic Fethulah , Cammarota Rosario , Polian Ilia
Published: April 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms achieve outstanding results in many application domains such as computer vision and natural language processing. The performance of AI models is the outcome of complex and costly model architecture design and training processes. Hence, it is paramount for model owners to protect their AI models from piracy – model cloning, illegitimate distribution and use. IP protection mechanisms have been applied to AI models, and in particular to deep neural networks, to verify the model ownership. State‐of‐the‐art AI model ownership protection techniques have been surveyed. The pros and cons of AI model ownership protection have been reported. The majority of previous works are focused on watermarking, while more advanced methods such fingerprinting and attestation are promising but not yet explored in depth. This study has been concluded by discussing possible research directions in the area.
Bloody Mahjong playing strategy based on the integration of deep learning and XGBoost
Authors: Gao Shijing , Li Shuqin
Published: April 2021

Bloody Mahjong is a kind of mahjong. It is very popular in China in recent years. It not only has the characteristics of mahjong's conventional state space, huge hidden information, complicated rules, and large randomness of hand cards but also has special rules such as Change three, Hu must lack at least one suit, and Continue playing after Hu. These rules increase the difficulty of research. These special rules are used as the input of the deep learning DenseNet model. DenseNet is used to extract the Mahjong situation features. The learned features are used as the input of the classification algorithm XGBoost, and then the XGBoost algorithm is used to derive the card strategy. Experiments show that the fusion model of deep learning and XGBoost proposed in this paper has higher accuracy than the single model using only one of them in the case of high‐dimensional sparse features. In the case of fewer training rounds, accuracy of the model can still reach 83%. In the games against real people, it plays like human.
Resource scheduling approach in cloud Testing as a Service using deep reinforcement learning algorithms
Authors: Karthik Priyadarsini , Sekhar Karthik
Published: April 2021

Many organizations around the world use cloud computing Testing as Service (Taas) for their services. Cloud computing is principally based on the idea of on‐demand delivery of computation, storage, applications, and additional resources. It depends on delivering user services through Internet connectivity. In addition, it uses a pay‐as‐you‐go business design to deliver user services. It offers some essential characteristics including on‐demand service, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, virtualization, and measured services. There are various types of virtualization, such as full virtualization, para‐virtualization, emulation, OS virtualization, and application virtualization. Resource scheduling in Taas is among the most challenging jobs in resource allocation to mandatory tasks/jobs based on the required quality of applications and projects. Because of the cloud environment, uncertainty, and perhaps heterogeneity, resource allocation cannot be addressed with prevailing policies. This situation remains a significant concern for the majority of cloud providers, as they face challenges in selecting the correct resource scheduling algorithm for a particular workload. The authors use the emergent artificial intelligence algorithms deep RM2, deep reinforcement learning, and deep reinforcement learning for Taas cloud scheduling to resolve the issue of resource scheduling in cloud Taas.
Performance analysis of hybrid MPAPM technique for deep‐space optical communications
Authors: Idris Sadiq , Selmy Hossam , Lopes Waslon Terllizzie A.
Published: April 2021

A hybrid multiple pulse amplitude and position modulation (H‐MPAPM) scheme based on gradual multi‐pulse pulse‐position modulation (G‐MPPM) and multi‐level pulse amplitude modulation (M‐PAM) schemes is proposed for deep‐space optical communication. In this scheme, transmitted information is conveyed by different combinations of the positions and amplitudes of multiple optical pulses. The performance of the proposed scheme with multi‐pulse pulse‐position modulation (MPPM), G‐MPPM and multiple pulse amplitude and position modulation (M‐PAPM) schemes in terms of the number of transmitted symbols, data rate, symbol error rate (SER), bit error rate (BER), bandwidth utilization efficiency and power requirements are studied in this work. Our results reveal that, at the same frame size, the proposed scheme allows much more symbols per frame transmission, achieves higher transmission energy and further enhance the bandwidth utilization efficiency of MPPM, G‐MPPM and M‐PAPM schemes. Moreover, compared to the MPPM and G‐MPPM, the proposed scheme achieves lower levels of SERs but at the expense of peak power levels. Furthermore, the proposed scheme outperforms G‐MPPM and MPPM schemes by approximately 1 and 2 dB at a BER of 10−6, respectively. In addition, the analytical expressions for the BER and SER of the proposed scheme are validated using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.
Review of distributed control and optimization in energy internet: From traditional methods to artificial intelligence‐based methods
Authors: Hua Haochen , Wei Zhiqian , Qin Yuchao , Wang Tonghe , Li Liuying , Cao Junwei
Published: April 2021

Energy internet (EI) can alleviate the arduous challenges brought about by the energy crisis and global warming and has aroused the concern of many scholars. In the research of EI control systems, the access of distributed energy causes the power system to exhibit complex nonlinearity, high uncertainty and strong coupling. Traditional control and optimization methods often have limited effectiveness in solving these problems. With the widespread application of distributed control technology and the maturity of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the combination of distributed control and AI has become an effective method to break through current research bottlenecks. This study reviews the research progress of EI distributed control technologies based on AI in recent years. It can be found that AI‐based distributed control methods have many advantages in maintaining EI stability and achieving optimal energy management. This combination of AI and distributed control makes EI control systems more intelligent, safe and efficient, which will be an important direction for future research. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference as well as useful research ideas for the study of EI control systems.
Energy management in a cloud‐based cyber‐physical system
Authors: Orumwense Efe F. , Abo‐Al‐Ez Khaled M.
Published: April 2021

Cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) are embodied systems of highly unified computational, control and communicational elements tightly fused with the physical world. Normally, CPSs are seen to have limited storage and computational abilities due to the fact that they are implemented across several platforms and also embedded into larger systems. The fusion of Cloud computing and CPS gives rise to Cloud‐based CPS; Cloud computing will no doubt provide numerous opportunities for CPSs to increase their capabilities by taking advantage of the resources (applications, servers, storage and network capabilities). With this new addition, there will definitely be an increase in energy consumption in the system and this becomes a huge and daunting task that needs to be overcome in actualising this goal. Here, the energy consumption in the network system is being evaluated to ensure an effective data transmission amongst sensor nodes. A simulation environment is considered where a particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced to optimise and balance the consumption of energy in the system network. To ensure an energy‐efficient Cloud data control center, an energy consumption model is developed based on resource utilisation. This, however, assists in managing the amount of resources to be utilised for a specific amount of workload.
DC‐presaturated fault current limiter for high voltage direct current transmission systems
Authors: Eladawy Mohamed , Metwally Ibrahim A. , Tarhuni Naser G.
Published: April 2021

The authors present a 500 kV real‐dimension DC‐presaturated fault current limiter (PFCL) with a steady‐state rated current of 2 kA for limiting large fault current of 8 kA with high rate of rise. These characteristics of the fault current can be a threat to high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems, and hence PFCL design and performance improvement are investigated through three‐dimensional, time‐domain, magnetic‐field and electric‐circuit coupled model using finite element simulation of COMSOL Multiphysics package. The nonlinear magnetic characteristics of the soft magnet ensure variable inductance depending on demagnetisation magnetomotive force generated by the line current. This DC‐biased PFCL can replace the traditional smoothing reactor during the normal operation of the system by controlling the level of presaturation. In addition, PFCL is a self‐triggered device and therefore it can automatically limit the fault current and reduce its value below the interruption rating of the used HVDC circuit breakers (CBs). Moreover, the rate of rise of the fault current can be controlled to ensure the compatibility with the available type of HVDC CBs. The dynamic performance of PFCL is investigated during fault condition through the fault current clipping ratio and rate of rise of the fault current, and during steady‐state operation through the voltage drop across PFCL and its power losses. It is found that the proposed PFCL presents adequate capability in limiting large fault currents with extremely low values of voltage drop and power losses during the steady‐state condition. However, the switching transient overvoltages that appear at terminals of PFCL coils during the fault duration have been successfully suppressed by carefully selected ratings of zinc‐oxide surge arresters.
Polypropylene‐based nanocomposites for HVDC cable insulation
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Abdul‐Malek Zulkurnain , Lau Kwan Yiew , Tahir Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) is commonly used as an insulation material in power cables. Due to the recent advancements in the field of high voltage power transmission and distribution, there is a need for novel cable insulation materials that have high performance, recyclability and high working temperature as alternatives for the conventional XPLE‐based insulation materials. Polypropylene (PP) shows excellent properties and has drawn considerable attention as a potential high voltage direct current (HVDC) insulation material. Therefore, the development of PP‐based HVDC cable insulation with improved electrical, thermal and mechanical properties is important in discovering a potentially recyclable cable insulation material. Due to the remarkable development in the field of nanodielectrics, nanotechnology can be a promising solution for enhancing the overall dielectric properties of PP‐based insulation materials. This review presents the important aspects of PP‐based nanocomposites for HVDC cable insulation with a special focus on understanding the effects of various parameters of nanofillers on the dielectric properties of PP‐based HVDC cable insulation. Based on the gathered information, future perspectives for improving the dielectric properties of PP‐based nanocomposites for HVDC cable are provided.
An overview of the Santonian amber-bearing deposits of the Sainte-Baume Massif, southeastern France
Authors: Frau Camille , Saint Martin Jean-Paul , Saint Martin Simona , Mazière Bruno
Published: April 2021

The Upper Cretaceous sedimentary succession cropping out in the Sainte-Baume Massif (Var, southeastern France) is of late Turonian to Campanian age. There, complex imbrication and rapid evolution in space and time of shallow-marine, fluvio-deltaic and lacustrine environments at the front of the North Provence Durancian uplift occur during the Santonian. Marly and/or sandy strata rich in lignite remains and amber grains are interspersed throughout the Santonian series. According to new in situ collections, the features of the amber grains, and their micro-inclusions, are similar to those found in well-known amber-bearing sites from the Bouches-du-Rhône department. This testifies of a widespread resin-producing tree forests in southeastern France at that time.
Analysis and optimization of production technology of the national Kyrgyz beverage Maksym
Authors: Bazhenova Irina , Chernova Elena , Bazhenova Tatiana
Published: April 2021

Global migration of populations leads to a widespread of national cuisines, which require adaptation to new consumers. In this regard, it is relevant to change traditional recipes and technologies. Here, we analyzed physical, chemical and organoleptic properties of the national Kyrgyz and Kazakh beverage Maksym. This beverage has a long history, unique properties, and at present is produced only by Shoro. Although being a Kyrgyz signature beverage, when not properly fomulated, it may cause acute intestinal infectious such as salmonellosis, dysentery, and typhoid fever. Our analysis showed that traditional beverage contains 0.9 g of protein, 4.38 g of carbohydrates, vitamins: B1 - 0.08mg%, B2 - 0.1mg%, PP - 0.4mg%, C - 0.59gr% with the useful-energy value of only 27 Kcal. This research analyzes variants of barms for the production of national Kyrgyz drink Maksym with different proportion of yeast and lactic-acid bacteria. Traditional Maksym composition and its production technology have been modified. For the produced drink, sediment content, titratable acidity, solids content, ethanol volume, nutritional and energy value, and organoleptic properties were tested.
Biotechnological recycling of byproducts in the rice soft beverage industry: a preliminary research
Authors: Zhilinskaia Nadezhda , Wang Rui , Ivanchenko Olga , Balanov Petr , Smotraeva Irina
Published: April 2021

The use of industrial waste as the secondary raw materials is relevant all over the world. The rice sediment is a byproduct of the rice soft beverage industry. The rice mash was obtained by the rice sediment fermentation with α-amylase and ethanol yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The rice wort fermentation efficiency was estimated by rice mash ethanol concentration, the visible mass concentration of mash dry substances, mash acidity, total yeast number and yeast budding, yeast cell area. The most intensive fermentation was in the sample with α-amylase. On the 7th day of fermentation, the alcohol concentration in this sample was 5.28volume (%), which is 5 times more than in the sample without α-amylase. Digital morphometric characteristics of yeast correlated with actual fermentation parameters, reflecting yeast adaptive reactions at various ethanol technological stages. The rice mash can be used in the rectification process to obtain new products - ethanol distillate or bioethanol. New methods and expanding technologies for biotechnological rice sediment recycling are required in this field of research.
How patents support the development of new technologies in waste management
Authors: Khaertdinova Alfira , Maliashova Anna , Gadelshina Svetlana
Published: April 2021

This article discusses the main trends in the dissemination of the results of intellectual activity on the impact on the environment of industrial and household waste. Particular emphasis is placed on the analysis of patent activity in the countries of the European Union, OECD and Russia. We consider the patent as a tool of new technologies in the struggle for environmental cleanliness during the transition to a circular economy. A circular economy is an economy with advanced technology, sustainable development, and a production culture that grows through inventive activity. The article presents the results of an analysis of the state of patent activity by country in dynamics from 1990 to 2018-2019. At the same time, we conducted a study of the factors influencing patent activity using regression analysis and identified the most significant factors affecting the resulting indicator.
Synthesis and catalytic properties of nickel (II) - copper (II) ferrite
Authors: Shabelskaya Nina , Radzhabov Asatullo , Taranushich Vitalii , Chernyshev Victor , Demyan Vasilii , Ulyanova Vera
Published: April 2021

This work studies the process of formation of the spinel structure of nickel (II) -copper (II) ferrite. A possible mechanism for the formation of single-phase spinel samples is considered. It consists of the stage of formation of chelate complexes of nickel (II), copper (II), iron (III) cations with citric acid and their subsequent thermal decomposition. The materials obtained are studied by X-ray phase analysis and the BET technique. The catalytic activity of the synthesized ferrite Cu0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 in the process of oxidative destruction of methyl orange in the presence of hydrogen peroxide is established. It is shown that the process is significantly accelerated with increasing temperature. The activation energy of the reaction was computed. It was found that the activation energy decreases in the presence of a catalyst. The results can be used to obtain materials suitable for industrial wastewater treatment using organic dyes in production cycles.
Waste recycling: share in the structure of the tariff for the treatment of solid municipal waste in the Vologda region
Authors: Solov'eva Ekaterina , Popova Marina , Pogodin Denis
Published: April 2021

In the modern world, the issues of solid municipal waste disposal, as part of the problem of environmental protection, are quite acute These problems are relevant for Russia and for many other world powers. The Russian Federation is one of the most polluted countries in the world, which negatively affects the quality of life and the health of the population of its regions. The annual increase in the volume of municipal solid waste is part of the man-made impact of man on the natural environment. To make strategic decisions on this issue, it is necessary to understand the policy of MSW management, so the authors in the article consider the values of tariffs for MSW management in one of the major regions of Russia - the Vologda Region. The data of tariffs of the Vologda region approved for 2021 are given. The structure of the average tariffs of the Russian Federation and the Vologda Region is analyzed. On the basis of regional regulations, a sample of data on the costs of disposal and transportation of MSW for some districts of the Vologda region is given: Velikoustugski, Totemski, Mezhdurechensky, Babushkinsky area, Belozersky districts. The average values of tariffs for the treatment of MSW for Russia and other countries are given: the USA, Canada, Germany, France and Finland. In addition to tariffs, the authors conducted a study on the distribution of MSW by type of disposal: disposal, incineration and recycling The article discusses the values of tariffs for the treatment of solid municipal waste and their disposal. In conclusion, the authors express concern about insufficient funds for innovations in the field of MSW processing/ recycling.
Theoretical modeling and experimental study of sodium oleate properties for wastewater cleaning with magnetic nanoparticles stabilized with oleate
Authors: Morosanu Cezarina , Popescu-Lipan Larisa , Sacarescu Liviu , Fanaru Andreea-Roxana , Creanga Dorina
Published: April 2021

We present some preliminary results regarding possible reducing of environment phenol contamination with nanotechnology involving. Magnetic nanoparticles stabilized in water dispersion with oleate were prepared for experimental testing of their interaction with wastewater samples containing phenol residues from industrial and sanitation sources. Magnetite with moderate level of cobalt doping was synthesized by co-precipitation method in the form of nanoparticles; further their surface was modified by the reaction with sodium oleate solution. Quantum chemical simulation of oleate structure recommended it for the interaction with water dipolar molecules as well as with metal cations at the nanocores surface. Transmission Electron Microscopy confirmed fine granulation of the prepared sample meaning significant total surface of nanoparticle sample. Phenol loaded water model was let to interact with magnetic nanoparticles in various reaction conditions. Phenol absorbance in the main spectral band showed the concentration diminution following magnetic nanoparticle action in the presence of ultraviolet radiation and hydrogen peroxide supply. Further experiments are planned for the better optimization of the phenol concentration decreasing in the large volumes of wastewater with adequate nanostructures, able to develop efficient interaction mechanisms with pollutant molecules.
Influence of Probiotic Dietary Supplements Enriched With Omega-3 Fatty Acids on The Dynamics of The Lipid Metabolism of Rats Under Cholesterol Loading
Authors: Khamagaeva Irina , Zambalova Natalya , Tsyzhipova Aleksandra , Bubeev Aleksey , Bogdanova Olga
Published: April 2021

For the first time, we have studied the influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids on cholesterol metabolizing activity of bifidobacteria. High levels of destruction of cholesterol in the process of cultivation of strain Bifidobacterium Longum DK 100 was noted. Based on the results, the technology of probiotic dietary supplements (DS), enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids, has been developed. The paper reveals that the introduction of probiotic DS leads to a twofold reduction in total cholesterol in the experimental groups in comparison with the control one, which indicates high effectiveness of DS. It has been observed that against the background of the atherogenic diet, the employment of probiotic DS is accompanied by a significant reduction in triglyceride levels by 37% and 45% in the "linen" and "cedar" groups, respectively, compared to the control group of animals. It has been established that in the blood serum of animals of experimental groups, the level of high-density lipoproteins increases by 45% in "linen" and 40% in "cedar" groups, while low-density lipoproteins decreased by 19% and 23% respectively. With the introduction of probiotic DS with linseed oil, the atherogenic index decreases by 83%, and with the cedar one by 86%. The results confirm the hypocholesterinemic effect of DS during cholesterol loading.
Study of Density of Raspberry Fruits in View of Mechanized Harvesting
Authors: Bogomolova Natalia , Rezvyakova Svetlana , Lupin Maxim
Published: April 2021

The paper discusses the possibility of combining large-fruits and density of raspberries as one of the main and decisive limiting indicators of the suitability of varieties for mechanized cultivation and further harvesting, as well as for long-term transportation to the consumer. The objects of research were 20 raspberry varieties and 15 elite forms from controlled crossings and populations from free pollination. The annual assessment of the density of raspberries was carried out at the collection and selection plots during the period of active fruiting (June-July-August) 2019-2020. From each variety sample, 10 berries were taken at full maturity. The berry crushing force was determined using the fruit test device. The climatic conditions of the study periods were rich in contrast, which indicates the instability of climatic factors of the summer growing season. This made it possible to fairly objectively evaluate the collection and breeding material in terms of the size and density of raspberries. Assessing the crushing force of collection and elite forms of raspberries made it possible to identify varieties having the increased fruit density. Rannyaya Zarya, Lyachka and Lazarevskaya have a relatively large (3.5-4.5 g) and dense berry with a crushing force of 7.6-8.4 N. The interesting elite forms are 9-58; 9-27; 9-20 with a berry mass of 3.8-4.0 g and a crushing force of 7.3-9.7-N. The crushing force of fruits of these elite forms during the study period was not lower than 5.0 N, but sometimes it was significantly influenced by soil and air moisture, which negatively affected the commercial qualities of berries.
Management accounting of agricultural land fertility in the Kursk region of the Russian Federation
Authors: Vorozheykina T.M. , Bobovnikova T.Y.
Published: April 2021

In the conditions of competition and limited resources, sources of income, lean production has recently been developing and, at the same time, lean management accounting is developing. Agriculture in the Russian Federation is characterized by a slow movement of capital, high dependence on natural and climatic conditions, low economic manoeuvrability, and the predominance of collective and shared ownership of land. Agricultural production uses natural factors for the cultivation of biological assets and the production of agricultural products free of charge: the natural fertility of agricultural land, natural pastures for grazing, solar and wind energy, etc. Chernozem lands are the most important fertile lands in the world. 40% of the most fertile chernozem lands are concentrated in Russia, in five regions, one of which is the Kursk region. The processes of land degradation are mainly inherent in agricultural land, or rather arable land. The economic state of agriculture in Russia does not allow for the full implementation of measures to preserve soil fertility, and even more so to take them into account. The purpose of the study is to study the state of agricultural land fertility from the point of view of management accounting. In accordance with the set goal, the following tasks were identified: fertility was identified as an object of management accounting for agricultural land, and the indicators that should be taken into account were determined. The novelty of the research conducted by the authors consists in the development of management accounting that is appropriate for long-term planning of measures for the effective use of agricultural land. In the course of the study, general scientific and special research methods were used on the basis of systematization of theoretical and practical material. The natural fertility of agricultural land is not taken into account anywhere in the costs of agricultural production, as well as its cost price, is not reflected in the accounting. Currently, there is no data collection system that covers all aspects of agricultural land and should serve as a basis for improving the agricultural sector. Results: the analysis of land resources in Russia, in the Kursk region is presented; the comparative characteristics of land in accordance with IAS and AR 6/01 are shown. It is proposed to keep records of soil fertility, to allocate "agricultural land" in the reporting, to distribute subsidies depending on changes in the level of fertility, but taking into account zoning.
Impact of COVID-19 on the production and consumption of agricultural food
Authors: Il’in Michael , Kalinina Lyudmila , Zelenskaya Inga , Kalinin Nikolaj , Vlasenko Ol’ga , Trufanova Sof’ya , ZHdanova Natal’ya
Published: April 2021

According to the United Nations, the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic are unique and their further development is unpredictable, which in turn makes planning the economy difficult. The coronavirus pandemic has had an impact on the development of the food market, changes in the functioning of all its components will continue significantly, but to a greater extent this will affect the interaction between producers and consumers, as well as their economic condition. One of the ways to reduce the negative consequences of the coronavirus pandemic is their informed assessment. This assessment, first of all, should include an analysis of the economic condition of producers and consumers of food products, taking into account the main factors of negative impact on their economic condition. This article proposes a methodological approach that includes an algorithm for studying changes in supply and demand for food products as a consequence of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic. Using the proposed methodological approach, the authors conducted a sociological survey of citizens living in the Irkutsk region, as a result of which the main consequences of the coronavirus pandemic, affecting the formation of demand for food, were identified, as well as the method of expert assessments identified problems and possible ways to overcome them among manufacturers.
Wastewater Treatment from Galvanization Industry with Zinc recovery
Authors: Zueva Svetlana , Ferella Francesco , Ippolito Nicolò M. , Ruduka Elena , De Michelis Ida
Published: April 2021

The resistance of steel to corrosion is obtained with a number of industrial processes based on Zn galvanization. However, all these methods bear a relatively high price tag due to the cost of Zinc plates and electrolytes as well as the formation of hazardous wastewaters containing metals and acids. Wastewaters from Zn galvanization may be grouped into two main types: Mix of Rinse Water (MRW) and Spent Pickling Solutions (SPS). Ordinarily, these waters are mixed and sent for treatment by precipitation. As a result large volumes of galvanic sludge is formed, containing iron, calcium, sulphates and a relatively small quantity of zinc (<20 %), which makes Zn recovery not profitable. The experimental results presented in this article show that it is possible to use as a coagulant to treat the process wastewaters the spent pickling solution (SPS) from the process, kept separated and added with sodium hydroxide. This results in obtaining precipitates with Zn contents higher than 40%, which brings the further advantage of making Zn recovery profitable.
Accumulations of artificial radionuclides 137Cs and 239+240Pu in anchovy from the Korean seas
Authors: Lee Huisu , Kim Intae
Published: April 2021

We investigated the accumulation patterns of the artificial radionuclides 137Cs and 239+240Pu in anchovy – categorized into four groups by size– from Korean seas. The activities of 137Cs and 239+240Pu were in the ranges of 74–137 mBq kg−1 and 0.27–3.21 mBq kg−1, respectively. They generally increased with increasing size (except for 239+240Pu in large anchovy), indicating radionuclide accumulation by seawater uptake through respiratory and/or higher feed capacity as a manifestation of growth. However, the activity of 239+240Pu decreased sharply in large anchovy. The calculated concentration factors (CFs) of 137Cs in anchovy were 10.9–20.2, which are an order of magnitude lower than those in other marine organisms. However, the CFs of 239+240Pu in adult anchovy were 14.0–162.8, which are significantly higher than those in other fishes and comparable (or even higher) to the IAEA recommendation values. The annual effective dose (AED) rates of 137Cs and 239+240Pu for anchovy consumption (per person) in South Korea were estimated to be 3.7 × 10−6–6.9 × 10−6 mSv yr−1 and 0.26 × 10−6–3.10 × 10−6 mSv yr−1, respectively. The AED from anchovy consumption is insignificant relative to that of natural radionuclides.
Dispersion relations for waves in visco-gravitating anisotropic magnetoplasmas
Authors: Desta Ephrem Tesfaye , Hillier A. , Eritro Tigistu Haile
Published: April 2021

The effect of Braginskii's full viscosity tensor on an infinite non-conducting, gravitating anisotropic plasma in which the medium is trapped in a strong magnetic field is discussed in the context of Braginskii's magnetohydrodynamic model with Chew–Goldberger–Low double adiabatic approximation and finite Larmor radius (FLR) correction. Through linearization of the perturbed equations, the general dispersion relation is derived for the separate compression, shear, and drift viscosity components as well as the FLR corrections. We investigate the stability for parallel and transverse perturbations with respect to the direction of the magnetic field, and both gravitational and fire-hose instabilities are found. The role of each viscous term is to suppress instability, but each component works in different ways. The FLR acts in a way that is very similar to the drift viscosity. The instability threshold is found to be independent of viscosity for compression and shear viscosity, but both the drift viscosity and FLR corrections can change the critical wavenumber for the instability. The compression viscosity is most effective at reducing the growth rate of the gravitational instability, whereas the shear viscosity works to suppress the fire-hose instability. The result of the present study may be useful for the study of large scale compression, shear, and drift plasma flow in and around clusters of galaxies and galactic disks and for the solar and stellar wind.
Identification of spin-dependent thermoelectric effects in metamagnetic FeRh/heavy-metal bilayers
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Xia Siyu , Li Qian , Yang Bin , Li Jun , Cao Qingqi , Wang Dunhui , Liu Ronghua , Du Youwei
Published: April 2021

A vertical flux of heat can bring about hybrid generation of charge and spin currents and eventually convert into the transverse electric voltage in the bilayers composed of metallic magnet and non-magnetic heavy metal (HM). We identified the thermoelectric effects in the sputter-deposited metallic film of CsCl-ordered FeRh/HM throughout its metamagnetic transition from ferromagnetic (FM) to antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase. With the employment of different HMs (Pt, Au) as the spin detective layers, we found that the FM phase allows for hybrid generation of charge and spin currents by heat, respectively, attributed to the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) and the spin Seebeck effect (SSE), while the AFM phase merely retains the ANE from residual nanoscale FM domains at cryogenic temperatures, which was further confirmed by the control measurement based on the adjustment of spin Hall angle for W during its β to α phase transition. Contribution from the proximity-induced ANE of HM was verified to be negligible compared with that of ANE and SSE of FeRh. Our method opens up more access to quantitatively discern the entangled thermo-charge/spin contributions in metallic magnets, and the combination of thermoelectric effects with metamagnetic phase transition gives impetus to exploiting more versatile and energy-saving thermo-spin logic applications.
State predictive information bottleneck
Authors: Wang Dedi , Tiwary Pratyush
Published: April 2021

The ability to make sense of the massive amounts of high-dimensional data generated from molecular dynamics simulations is heavily dependent on the knowledge of a low-dimensional manifold (parameterized by a reaction coordinate or RC) that typically distinguishes between relevant metastable states, and which captures the relevant slow dynamics of interest. Methods based on machine learning and artificial intelligence have been proposed over the years to deal with learning such low-dimensional manifolds, but they are often criticized for a disconnect from more traditional and physically interpretable approaches. To deal with such concerns, in this work we propose a deep learning based state predictive information bottleneck approach to learn the RC from high-dimensional molecular simulation trajectories. We demonstrate analytically and numerically how the RC learnt in this approach is connected to the committor in chemical physics and can be used to accurately identify transition states. A crucial hyperparameter in this approach is the time delay or how far into the future the algorithm should make predictions about. Through careful comparisons for benchmark systems, we demonstrate that this hyperparameter choice gives useful control over how coarse-grained we want the metastable state classification of the system to be. We thus believe that this work represents a step forward in systematic application of deep learning based ideas to molecular simulations.