bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VALVULAR HEART DISEASE MANAGED WITH AYURVEDA TREATMENT - A CASE STUDY
Authors: G Bhat Vijayendra , Hebbar Y R Niveditha , Kamath T Shrilatha
Published: January 2024

Aortic stenosis (AS) is one of the heart's most common and severe valve diseases. Narrowing of the valve more commonly develops during aging. It influences genetic factors, hormones, lipid infiltration, inflammation, and calcification on valves, resulting in a restricted amount of blood flow through the valve. Patients of AS become prostrated and suffer from breathlessness, angina, syncope, palpitations, heart murmur, and other symptoms de-pending on their severity grade. It is a burning health issue, with more than one million new cases per year in India. Yet, there is no solace for AS in the contemporary medicinal system, and surgery has many more limita-tions in older adults. Time-trusted Ayurveda treatment modalities are merited in senior management by trimming down degenerative processes and enhancing the quality of health. Presenting a geriatric, severe AS case report, who otherwise was suggested to undergo valve replacement surgery, was treated with oral medications of Hrudroga chikitsa, which significantly improved the functional ability of the heart and quality of life.
Thinking through Family
Authors: Boddy Janet , Hanrahan Fidelma , Wheeler Bella
Published: January 2024

Drawing from longitudinal research, this book shows how the perspectives of people who have been in care can help us redefine the concept of family. Through a narrative analysis of the complexity of family lives, the author challenges the idea that some families are 'ordinary', while others are troubled, problematic and 'other'.
Audit quality weakens earnings management effect on company value
Authors: Rondonuwu Kezia Hany Josefin , Suhartono Sugi
Published: January 2024

Managers frequently use earnings management techniques to boost company value by making financial reports appear good to investors. Because of this earnings management, investors may choose the wrong investments, and share prices may fall that lowering the company's worth. Theoretically, audit quality can minimize earnings. Yet, whether audit quality can reduce the impact of earnings management on company value has not been clearly disclosed. This study aims to provide an answer to this topic by applying the agency theory, signal theory, and market efficiency theories. Companies in the primary consumer goods industry that list on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018–2020 are the objects used. 141 businesses in total were chosen as samples using the purposive sampling methodology. The study's use of moderated regression analysis (MRA) demonstrates that earnings management has a detrimental impact on business value. Additionally, it was discovered that the detrimental impact of earnings management on firm value might be mitigated by audit quality. Practically, this study confirms that the use of reputable auditors can minimize earnings management and protect against a decline in firm value. Subsequent research can examine whether a company's reputation can reduce public suspicion of earnings management.
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The Comparison of the performance of crypto assets, stocks, bonds, and gold in Indonesia during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chandra Vergo , Iryanto M. Budi Widiyo
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine whether crypto assets are suitable as an alternative investment when compared to the performance of the LQ 45 stock index, 10-year Indonesian Government Bonds, and Antam's precious metal in the form of gold. The measurement of the performance of an investment is not only seen from the rate of return but also needs to pay attention to the risks to be borne, then the performance measurement is used using the Sharpe, Treynor, and Jensen measurement methods. The three models base their analysis on past rates of return to determine the compensation for the returns obtained for each measure of risk borne. This study used descriptive analysis with case study methods, while hypothesis testing was carried out by nonparametric statistical tests using Kruskal-Wallis H because there were more than two independent variables. The values of the Sharpe Index and Jensen Index show that Bitcoin investment instruments are the highest-performing instruments while the LQ45 stock index is the lowest. The conclusion of this study shows that there is no significant difference between investment performance using the Sharpe method, while in the Treynor and Jensen methods, there are significant differences.
Railway Transportation and Changes in the Topography of the Korean Peninsula: With a focus on Busan, Dongnae
Authors:   Institute for Historical Studies at Chung-Ang University, Kim Ji-hwan
Published: January 2024

Railways are an indispensable civilization for modernization, but on the other hand, imperialism has two sides as a typical means of invading and colonizing weaker countries. Japan was able to seize and further colonize transportation and logistics on the Korean Peninsula through the construction of railroads. In addition, it used this as a bridgehead to develop a policy of invading the continent.
After the opening of the port, Japan developed Busan as a base city to promote an aggression policy. Busan was the base city of the railway network, the last stop of the government-affiliated contact line, and the starting point of the Eurasian International Railway. In this process, while Dongnae, a traditional strategic point in the southeastern region of the Korean Peninsula, declined, Busan overtook Pyongyang to grow into Korea's second-largest city. In this process, Dongnae strengthened its character as a recreational tourism city for the Japanese living in Busan.
The railroads established by Japan reorganized traditional transportation and logistics, and further changed the power relations and topography between cities. The presence or absence of railroads became the main criterion for the rise and fall of cities. As such, it can be seen that railroads were the main means of Japan's colonization of Korea, and were a fundamental force that changed the traditional power relations, topography, logistics, and markets between cities.
The Opened ‘Bamboo Curtain’ and the Closing Reform-Era Border: The Changes of China's Border Management
Authors:   Institute for Historical Studies at Chung-Ang University, Ahn Chiyoung
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to explore the changes in border management in China and the reasons behind them. Prior to the reform and open door policy, China was a closed country, known as the “Bamboo Curtain”. China was a forbidden land for many foreigners, but the situation on China's margins, comprising mainly “cross-border” ethnic minority regions, was different from macro international relations and our perceptions. China's borders had no barriers to cross, and ethnic minorities moved freely across borders.
After China's opening and the international movement of foreigners and Chinese people became freer, the management and control of the border was actually tightened. Since the mid-1990s, border areas have been equipped with barbed wire fences to prevent movement, and some areas have been militarized. China's borders have become increasingly controlled during the reform period. Since the reform, China's borders have become a space for international movement, exchange, and trade. At the same time, border areas have also become places where smuggling, illegal crossings, and international problems such as North Korean defectors.
Goseong Unification Observatory and Showing North Korea from the South Korean Borderland: Goseong Unification Observatory’s exhibition from 1984-1991
Authors:   Institute for Historical Studies at Chung-Ang University, Lee Sangwon , Yook Youngsoo
Published: January 2024

Goseong Unification Observatory was established in 1984, based on President Chun Doo-hwan’s plan of mass tourism construction, and borderland tourism sites for inculcating the importance of anticommunism.The Goseong Unification Observatory achieved remarkable success by providing open access to the site and offering panoramic views of North Korean terrain, including the prominent Guemgang mountain. However, with the increasing influx of visitors to the borderland, North Korea began its propaganda targeting the public who came to witness the spectacle. As a countermeasure, the South Korean administration mandated mandatory anti-communism education before allowing entry into the CCZ(Civilian Controlled Zone). This measurement reveals the impregnated trait of the Observatory, where sole knowledge and values were permitted by the government.
Unification Observatory distributed its knowledge systems through panel exhibition adorned of pictures and explanations accordingly. The compact exhibition room, strategically positioned along the route to the observation area, served as a window through which visitors could peer into North Korea. This exhibition site has changed three times between 1984 to 1991. The first period(1984-1987) of the exhibition portrayed Korean Nationalism, anti-communism, and the Chun administration’s fruit. Combining all together, the exhibition iconographically wrote the narrative of enemy North Korea and our auspicious nation, that has fought against the enemy for all time, persuading this government as the one who can guard and lead all of you under the president’s guidance. The second period(1987-1991) of exhibition started to focus more on the ‘North Korea’ itself, performing as a knowledge frontier. It emphasized the abnormality of North Korea, making an antithetical contrast to the normal South. It guided people’s gaze to North Korea as a subject that needed to be absorbed into the normal South. The third period(1991-) exhibition began to put distance from emotional anticommunism banners. It displayed the ‘everyday life of North Koreans’ which was newly started from North Korean Studies.
However, we can find several dissent and discontent about the exhibition, and the tourism system of Observatory from newspaper articles. It suggests the possibility of future study of Transculturation, or Counter-Memory approach to the borderland tourism sites.
Perbedaan Kegembiraan Berolahraga dan Kedamaian Interpersonal berdasarkan Prefensi Cabang Olahraga Siswa SMP/MTs di Jawa Timur
Authors: Bambang Widiyanto  , Rochsun  , Ahmad Lani
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menganalisis perbedaan dalam tingkat kegembiraan berolahraga dan kedamaian interpersonal antara siswa SMP/MTs di Jawa Timur berdasarkan preferensi mereka terhadap cabang olahraga atletik dan permainan. Metode penelitian ini melibatkan sampel siswa SMP/MTs di Jawa Timur sebanyak 1.614. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari kegembiraan berolahraga yang di ukur mengunakan Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) dan kedamaian interpersonal menggunakan Interpersonal Peacefulness Scales. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan dalam tingkat kegembiraan berolahraga antara siswa yang memiliki preferensi cabang olahraga atletik dan siswa yang lebih memilih permainan. Siswa yang lebih memilih cabang olahraga Permainan cenderung mengalami tingkat kegembiraan yang lebih tinggi dalam berolahraga dibandingkan dengan siswa yang lebih memilih atletik. Selain itu, ditemukan juga perbedaan yang signifikan dalam tingkat kedamaian interpersonal antara kedua kelompok siswa tersebut, dengan siswa yang lebih memilih cabang olahraga premainan memiliki tingkat kedamaian interpersonal yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan siswa yang lebih memilih atletik.
Nuevo arreglo experimental de la técnica columna de longitud cero para la separación de olefinas y parafinas en tamices moleculares
Authors: Vargas-Bustamante Jaquebet , Martínez-Ortiz Pedro , Balmaseda-Era José
Published: January 2024

Se desarrolló una nueva configuración de la técnica columna de longitud cero (ZLC), que permite utilizar las diferentes variantes de cromatografía para determinar de forma rápida los coeficientes de difusión e isotermas de componentes puros y mezclas en tamices moleculares. El innovador diseño permite realizar todos los estudios en una sola muestra facilitando el uso de los parámetros en modelos teóricos o simulaciones moleculares. Una de las características clave del nuevo sistema es que es posible llevar a cabo el proceso de adsorción y separación de olefinas y parafinas mediante el uso de 5 a 15 mg de adsorbente. Por medio de dos detectores de ionización de llama es posible determinar la composición a la salida de ambas columnas y estudiar los perfiles de desorción. A través de dos válvulas de 4 y 6 vías que se comunican con dos pares de controladores de flujo másico, se diseñó una configuración para mediciones cinéticas y al equilibrio. Mediante la ayuda del software LabVIEW y las tarjetas DAQ se gestionó todo el proceso experimental. La nueva configuración de ZLC se aplicó para estudiar la adsorción y separación de CH4 y C2H6 en la zeolita 5A, con los cuales se validó la nueva configuración experimental.
Flujos óptimos de potencia con restricciones de estabilidad ante pequeños disturbios
Authors: Gándara-Capistrán José Antonio , Olguín-Salinas Daniel
Published: January 2024

En grandes sistemas de potencia interconectados el problema de estabilidad ante pequeños disturbios recibe atención debido a las oscilaciones ocasionales o a la variación en la demanda del mismo, para esto se incorpora al problema de optimización matemática de flujos óptimos de potencia una restricción de estabilidad ante pequeños disturbios, la cual se basa en el teorema de Lyapunov modelada como un problema de programación semidefinida, la cual dicta que su matriz P sea positiva definida y simétrica para garantizar la estabilidad del sistema, la solución se hace mediante el método de optimización matemática punto interior con ayuda del software AMPL, A Modeling Language for Mathematical Programming, donde se hará la simulación sobre el sistema de prueba del Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Western System Coordinating Council o WSCC que consta de 9 nodos y 3 máquinas modificado para este propósito.
SAR and Temperature Increase in a Head Model Composed of Several Tisues Produced by Two WiFi Devices Working on the 2.4 GHz Band
Authors: Espinosa Rivas Ezequiel Ignacio , Linares y Miranda Roberto
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis de la tasa de absorción especifica (conocida como SAR, por sus siglas en inglés) debida a la exposición de dos fuentes de campo electromagnético en un modelo de cabeza humana; formado por diferentes tejidos. Las fuentes de campo son un modem Wi-Fi y un telefono celular operando ambos a la frecuencia de 2.4 GHz. El campo eléctrico necesario en el cálculo del SAR se obtiene usando una simulación mediante el método de diferencias finitas en el dominio del tiempo (FDTD por sus siglas en inglés). Con el proposito de evaluar como interactua el campo electromagnético con los diferentes tejidos que componen la cabeza humana, especialmente los del cerebro, el SAR es desglosado por tejido y los datos son presentados en diagramas de caja, nueve diferentes tejidos fueron usados en la simulación. Finalmente, utilizando la ecuación de bio-calor en su forma más simple se realiazó un análisis sencillo del incremento de temperatura en cada tejido.
Kontribusi Pengrajin Jamur Tiram Putih Terhadap Pendapatan Keluarga (Studi Kasus Pada Usaha Jamur Jempol) Di Kelurahan Lancirang Kecamatan Pitu Riawa Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Authors: Yusrianti Yusrianti , Nurhapsa Nurhapsa , Nurhaedah Nurhaedah
Published: January 2024

Fungal plants in Indonesia still have the opportunity to be developed and managed properly. Oyster mushrooms in Indonesia are relatively good for cultivation, this is because the natural resources they have can be used as materials for the production of oyster mushrooms, for example sawdust as the main ingredient for making mushroom media. The purpose of this study was to determine how much the contribution of white oyster mushroom business to family income in Lancirang Village, Pitu Riawa District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. This study uses descriptive quantitative research methods, the data used are primary data and secondary data. There are 2 samples in this study, namely workers who work in the thumb mushroom business. Then processed using contribution data analysis. From the research results obtained: that the contribution of white oyster mushroom craftsmen to family income in Lancirang Village, Pitu Riawa District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency is 35%. This shows that the contribution is classified as moderate.
Analisis Pendapatan Petani Bawang Merah Berdasarkan Penggunaan Pupuk Organik dan Anorganik di Kecamatan Anggeraja Kabupaten Enrekang (Studi Kasus Desa Pekalobean)
Authors: Nurhaedah Nurhaedah , Nuddin Andi , Nadir Moh
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the production and income shallots farmers using organic and inorganic fertilizers on Bima shallot varieties and local shallot varieties in Pekalobean Village, Anggeraja District, Enrekang Regency. This study is a qualitative descriptive study to determine the comparison of production and income of shallot farmers using organic and inorganic fertilizers. The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis where the researcher explains the data and facts obtained during the field research stage. The results of this study indicate that based on the research conducted, it can be seen that the total income obtained by Mr. Moh. Nadir B with the Bima shallot variety using organic fertilizer was Rp 3,871,625 and the Bima shallot variety using inorganic fertilizer was Rp 3,787,225, while the local shallot variety using organic fertilizer had an income of Rp 2,264,625 and the local shallot variety using inorganic fertilizer had an income of Rp 3,162,625. The use of inorganic fertilizers resulted in higher shallot production compared to the use of organic fertilizers.
Persepsi Kepuasan Konsumen terhadap Produk Makanan Ringan Berbahan Baku Hasil Olahan Pertanian di Indomaret Unit Ir. Sukowati Pangkep
Authors: Brigadya Virganita , Pata Abd. Asis , Imran Andi Nur
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the perception of consumer satisfaction with the purchase of snack products made from processed agricultural products. This research was conducted at Indomaret Ir. Sukowati Pangkep which is located on Jl. Ir. Sukowati, Padoang Doangan Village, Pangkajene District, Pangkep Regency. This type of research uses quantitative descriptive methods. The population in this study are consumers who shop for snack products made from processed agricultural products at Indomaret Ir. Sukowati Pangkep. The sample of respondents was taken using the Accidental Sampling method with a total of 30 respondents. The data used is obtained from the results of interviews and filling out questionnaires by consumers who have shopped for snack products made from processed agricultural products at Indomaret Ir. Sukowati Pangkep. The results obtained show that the level of consumer satisfaction with snack products made from processed agricultural products can be categorized as very satisfied. With 3 snack products with processed chips, namely Chitato from potato raw materials, Qtela from cassava raw materials, and Happy tos from corn raw materials. On variable indicators of product quality with average results in the very satisfied category, variable indicators of product prices with average results in the very satisfied category, and variable indicators of Indomaret Unit Ir. Sukowati Pangkep location with average results in the very satisfied category.
Criterios de evaluación de la calidad en la educación superior en México
Authors: Baltodano García Gabriela , Leyva Cordero Oswaldo
Published: January 2024

Los sistemas de evaluación y acreditación de la Educación Superior en México comprenden una amalgama de entidades, programas e instrumentos destinados a supervisar las funciones esenciales y complementarias de las Instituciones de Educación Superior IES. Con el objetivo de identificar los principales indicadores establecidos por estos sistemas nacionales e internacionales que evalúan la calidad a los programas educativos, se realiza un análisis empleando la teoría de las corrientes educativas y aplicando el método comparado en las diversas metodologías empleadas por los organismos evaluadores, así como en los indicadores utilizados para otorgar el reconocimiento que certifica la calidad de un programa educativo PE. También, examina las directrices y estándares establecidos por las entidades acreditadoras. En este contexto, es esencial asegurarse de que un programa educativo cumpla con los criterios específicos de calidad y excelencia requeridos. Finalmente, fue posible identificar que el personal académico calificado, la evaluación del aprendizaje, la vinculación con la sociedad, la infraestructura de calidad, la gestión administrativa y financiamiento, son aspectos esenciales para garantizar el reconocimiento nacional e internacional de un programa.
La gestión de la comunicación de la movilidad estudiantil en los sitios web de las universidades de las ANUIES
Authors: Martínez Lara Sandy Elizabeth , Barrientos Rodolfo , Tamez González Gerardo
Published: January 2024

Los desafíos de las Instituciones de Educación Superior en relación con las actividades de internacionalización están enfocados en promover el intercambio de estudiantes y la creación de redes de trabajo entre los profesores, con la finalidad de promover y garantizar calidad dentro de los programas educativos. Dicho lo anterior, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el contenido las páginas webs sobre la movilidad académica estudiantil de las Universidades públicas y privadas adscritas a la Asociación Nacional de Universidades e Instituciones de Educación Superior (ANUIES), a través de una metodología cuantitativa mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido bajo una muestra de 211 universidades. Dentro de los resultados más significativos destaca que existe una mayor interacción e información dentro del portal web de las universidades privadas, lo cual detona una diferencia entre el número de alumnos y profesores que realizan movilidad en conjunto con aquellos que desean continuar sus estudios en México.
Implementasi Frida Framework untuk Manipulasi Alur Kerja pada Aplikasi Android
Authors: Ramadhan Aldo Reghan , Fitriani Arif Senja , Rosid Mochamad Alfan , Taurusta Cindy
Published: January 2024

Peningkatan keamanan pada perangkat Android telah menjadi tantangan bagi para peneliti keamanan. Bypass root adalah salah satu metode yang sering digunakan untuk menghindari deteksi oleh mekanisme keamanan. Dalam penelitian ini, menjelaskan penggunaan Frida, sebuah framework dynamic instrumentation, untuk melakukan bypass root pada perangkat Android. Dengan memanfaatkan kemampuan Frida untuk melakukan intersepsi dan modifikasi kode pada saat runtime, dapat mengubah perilaku aplikasi yang mencoba mendeteksi keberadaan root. Penulis melakukan serangkaian percobaan menggunakan Frida dan berhasil melewati mekanisme deteksi root yang umum digunakan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan potensi Frida sebagai alat yang efektif dalam melakukan bypass root dan serangkaian pengujian keamanan pada perangkat Android. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman lebih lanjut tentang penggunaan Frida dalam konteks keamanan perangkat Android.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Complaints of Lower Back Pain among Nurses at Bhayangkara Hospital Kendari
Authors:   Faculty of Public Health, Master Program of Public Health, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, Yulisti Sry , Saptaputra Syawal Kamiluddin ,   Faculty of Public Health, Master Program of Public Health, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, Mubarak Mubarak ,   Faculty of Public Health, Master Program of Public Health, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia & Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia.
Published: January 2024

Background: One of the important factors that affect the quality of nurses’ work is occupational health and safety. One of the occupational diseases is Low Back Pain (LBP). Occupations that have a high risk of back pain are nurses. According to the Indonesian Neurological Association (INA) regarding the incidence of lower back pain in hospital nurses, the prevalence of lower back pain cases in nurses in Indonesia shows that 18,2% occurs in men and 13,6% in women. Then, based on the nursing management report at Bhayangkara Hospital Kendari in 2023, most of the nurses’ complaints were lower back pain due to the workload being too high for nurses. Method: This research was a quantitative analytical research with a cross-sectional design approach. The data analysis was carried out using SPSS statistical tests with multiple linear regression. The population in this study was 102 nurses, while the sample was 102 nurses (total sampling). Results: The results showed a significant p-value for workload 0,049<0,05, physical activity 0,028<0,05, body position 0,004<0,05, working period 0,048<0,05 and body mass index (BMI) 0,001<0,05. Conclusion: This research concluded that there was an effect between workload, physical activity, body position, work period and body mass index on complaints of lower back pain in nurses at Bhayangkara Hospital Tk.III Kendari. This research can be a reference material for hospitals, health workers or nurses and can increase knowledge in preventing or reducing the occurrence of lower back pain while working.
Development of Android- Based Learning Media in Object-Oriented Programming Subjects in Vocational High School Case Study: SMKN 1 Ranah Ampek Hulu Tapan
Authors:   Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat, Putri Nora Meta , Mulyono Heri ,   Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat, Rini Faiza ,   Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat, Alfiriani Adlia ,   Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat, Devegi Mourend ,   Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat
Published: January 2024

The object-oriented programming learning process at SMKN 1 Ranah Ampek Hulu Tapan is not optimal, this is due to several problems, namely the availability of learning media only in the form of printed books that students borrow from the school library. This causes students to lack understanding of the learning material and are less motivated to study and causes students' grades to be low according to the data obtained that the students' KKM completeness score is only 64.28%. The aim of this research is to develop valid and practical object-oriented programming learning media. The research method used is development research (R&D) with the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages, namely analysis, development, design, implementation, and evaluate at each stage. This research involved 28 class XI RPL students who took part in object-oriented programming lessons. Results This research is in the form of Android-based learning software that can be used as a complement to the learning process, especially object-oriented programming subjects. This product has been grade tested its validity by several material experts and learning media experts and an average validity value of 87.79% was obtained. And the practicality test results from users, namely teachers and students, obtained an average practicality value of 85.89%.
Phylogeny of the order Ephemeroptera Hyatt & Arms, 1891 (Insecta) based on morphological characters
Authors:   , Lima Marcela Miranda de
Published: January 2024

The suprafamilial classification of Ephemeroptera has still not reached consensus. Of the few publications that have addressed the phylogeny of the entire order in the last 20 years, only one has performed a cladistic analysis based on parsimony to analyze morphological data. In the first chapter of this thesis, we attempt to understand this lack of consensus in the classification of Ephemeroptera. To do so, we have provided a commented and contextualized review of the methods used to date to infer relationships among the major groups and discuss ways to improve knowledge of the phylogeny of Ephemeroptera and to achieve a more comprehensive classification of the group. We conclude that it is imperative that more scientists devote themselves to the study of the phylogeny of the group on the basis of methods that can be replicated so that a larger number of phylogenetic hypotheses can be tested and a robust classification can be proposed for the group. In the second chapter, a phylogenetic analysis of the order was conducted based on morphological data from nymphs and adults. A matrix consisting of 106 taxa and 131 morphological characters was analyzed using parsimony under Implied Weighting with five different K values (8, 9, 10, 11 and 12). The analyzes yielded five different topologies, one for each K values. The consensus of all analyzes was unresolved for the deep relationship within Ephemeroptera. In the general consensus, monophyly is supported for Caenotergaliae (=Caenoidea), Ephemerella/Fg1 (=Ephemerelloidea), Eusetisura, Fimbriatotergaliae, Fossoriae, Heptagennota, and Posteritorna (=Carapacea). Anteritorna, Branchitergaliae, and Tridentiseta were not supported as monophyletic. Five families were not found to be monophyletic in any of our analyzes: Ephemerellidae, Ephemeridae, Nesameletidae, Potamanthidae, and Teloganodidae. The evolution of the number of dentisetae on the maxilla, the presence and shape of maxillary gills, the degree of fusion of the forewing pads, and the presence of a double row of long filtering hairs on anterior femora and tibiae, all important characters for the systematics of mayflies is presented and discussed.Keywords: Aquatic insects. Mayflies. Classification. Parsimony. Cladistic analysis. Character evolution.
Extração sólido-líquido direta à quente (ESL-DQ): uma abordagem sustentável para a determinação do teor lipídico em grãos de café
Authors:   , Faria Daliane Cláudia de
Published: January 2024

A extração por Soxhlet é uma técnica preconizada pela AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) para determinar o teor lipídico em amostras vegetais. Essa requer um balão acoplado a uma câmara de extração seguida de um condensador. O balão acomoda o solvente extractor (≥250 mL), geralmente n- hexano (grau 5 de toxicidade) sob aquecimento à temperatura de ebulição por longos períodos (16 h) e o condensador circula água refrigerada para o refluxo (90 L/h). A fim de substituir a extração por Soxhlet, um Planejamento Fatorial Completo 33 foi proposto para a extração sólido-líquido direta à quente (ESL-DQ) em frascos de 4 mL. A razão entre solvente e massa de amostra (3, 6,5 e 10 mL/mg), temperatura (60, 70 e 80 °C) e tempo (30, 60 e 90) foram avaliados em 30 experimentos e o teor lipídico medido por análise gravimétrica. Os resultados foram ajustados por análise de variância, validados pelo teste F (FCalculado>FTabelado) e pelo coeficiente de determinação de 0,92. Uma condição ótima foi obtida, 10 mL/g, 80 °C e 90 min, a qual se mostrou estatisticamente equivalente ao rendimento por Soxhlet (11,5%, m/m) e, portanto, foi utilizada para a determinação do teor lipídico de 50 amostras de café em parceria com a Embrapa Café. O presente estudo oferece uma abordagem analítica alternativa a extração por Soxhlet para grãos de café e, possivelmente, para outras matrizes, uma vez que reduz vantajosamente a massa de amostra de 30 g para 0,2 g, o volume de solvente de 300 mL para 2 mL, o tempo de extração de 16 h para 1,5 h, o gasto energético para o aquecimento, além de eliminar o uso de água de refluxo, resultando em uma economia de 1.440 L de água por amostra. Portanto, o método desenvolvido é uma estratégia química-analítica sustentável compatível com os Objetivos 12 e 14 do Desenvolvimento Sustentável das Nações Unidas. Palavras-chave: Óleo, Coffea arábica, análise gravimétrica, Agenda 2030
Autism spectrum disorder – the fight of the public against a disease it fails to understand
Authors: Ahmed Minahel , Sikandar Eman , Javid Arysha
Published: January 2024

Madam,
Autism is a heterogeneous set of neurodevelopmental conditions affecting around 1% of the population globally [1,2] and every 1 in 120 people in Pakistan [5]. It exhibits a higher incidence in males than females [1,2,5]; this may be because males have a lower threshold for brain dysfunction, and require a lower genetic burden to cause autism, than females. Individuals with autism commonly experience impaired social cognition and perception, atypical information processing, and restricted patterns of behaviour and interest. A study from The Lancet in 2014 determined that the autism goes hand in hand with multiple other intellectual, psychiatric, medical, and behavioural disorders, with a significant association between autism and motor abnormality, sleep disorders, and aggressive behaviours [1]. While multiple genetic and developmentally early environmental factors have been established as risk factors in the aetiology of autism, none were confirmed to be adequate alone for ASD to develop.
With respect to familiarity with autism, while people are not completely unaware of the existence of the disease they do display poor knowledge about its symptoms and presentation. In a study conducted in Pakistan in 2012, 52 out of the 73 teachers who participated (71%) claimed to have knowledge regarding autism; substantial gaps were recognized in their perceived knowledge about the disease [3]. Another study conducted in Karachi also concluded that parents’ lack of awareness and insufficient knowledge among parents about the signs and symptoms as well as the treatment and diagnosis of autism [4].
Early diagnosis is crucial for timely intervention; the assessment of children needs to be developmental and multidisciplinary [1]. Even though multiple rating scales and checklists have been established, it is preferable to use more performance-based methodologies for assessment and diagnosis [2]. Thorough and focused behavioral interventions in early life can promote social communication and decrease aggression and anxiety in individuals diagnosed with ASD. Support should be personalized according to each individual and if feasible, should be multi-dimensional. Although drugs as a form of treatment diminish comorbid symptoms in autistic people, they alone display no direct effect on enhancing social communication. Awareness can be spread by donating or volunteering at fundraisers, through social media, and by participating in various autism programs. Formation of an encouraging environment that acknowledges and respects that the individual is different is imperative.
Correlation of intra operative specimen imaging with final histopathology in breast conserving surgery for breast cancer
Authors: Javed Nida , Afzal Sidra , Parvaiz Muhammad Asad , Rehman Bushra , Bin Khalid Ibtissam
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of specimen mammography in breast conserving surgery cases with respect to reduction in margin positivity rate, and to see whether the rate of secondary surgeries is decreased by intra-operative excision based on specimen mammography evaluation.
Method: The retrospective study was conducted at the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised data from January 2018 to December 2019 related to all female breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy or breast conserving surgery with the involvement of specimen mammography. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of specimen mammography were calculated. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.
Results: Of the 226 patients initially assessed, 65(28.7%) were excluded, and the final sample comprised 161(71.2%) women with mean age 46.71±10.47 years. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of specimen mammography for the sample were 65.8%, 80.8%, 54% and 87.3%, respectively. Performing specimen mammography for intra-operative margin assessment in 12 patients was likely to spare 1 patient from re-excision.
Conclusion: Intra-operative specimen mammography was found to be a reliable tool for assessing margin status.
Key Words: Breast cancer, Specimen mammography, Breast conservation surgery, Margin positivity.
Relevansi Hadis Hadis Maqbul : Shahih dan Hasan Dalam Menyelesaikan Persoalan Ekonomi Syariah Kontemporer
Authors: Pratiwi Nurul , Ariato Silondae Prades , Rahman Sakka Abd. , Amin Sahib Muhammad , Usman Ali Asiqah
Published: January 2024

Hadis merupakan sumber kedua setelah Al-Qur’an yang dipegangi dan ajarannya diamalkan oleh umat Islam kemudian menjadi standar utama sebagai bentuk usaha dalam meneladani dan mempraktikkan petunjuk Rasulullah SAW. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka (library research). Hasil penelitian ini memiliki tiga kesimpulan, shahih merupakan hadis yang sanad-nya bersambung, diriwayatkan oleh periwayat yang ‘adil dan hafalannya kuat tanpa mengandung syadz dan ‘illat. Hasan adalah hadis yang bersambung sanadnya dengan perawi yang adil namun hafalannya kurang sempurna serta selamat dari unsur syadz dan ‘illat. Beberapa shahih dan hasan relevan dalam menyelesaikan persoalan-persoalan ekonomi syariah kontemporer. Perbedaan dari keduanya adalah pada aspek ke-dhabith-an perawi, dimana hasan dhabith yang terkait aspek tulisan dan hafalannya kurang sempurna, sedangkan shahih ke-dhabith-an perawinya sempurna.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK TEMULAWAK MADU DENGAN PENURUNAN NYERI HAID PADA REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Juliani Sri , Nasution Ramadhani Syafitri , Harahap Novi Ramini , Rambe Nur Insan
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Nyeri haid dikenal dengan nyeri pada perut selama menstruasi diakibatkan adanya peningkatan uterus berupa gangguan nyeri dan kram pada perut sehingga mengakibatkan ketidak nyamanan serta bisa menganggu aktifitas sehari-hari. Menurut (WHO) tahun 2015 angka kejadian dismenore sangat tinggi. Diperkirakan 50% wanita didunia mengalami nyeri haid. Angka kejadian dismenore di Indonesia terdiri dari 54,89% dismenore primer dan 9,36% dismenore skunder. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Pemberian Ekstrak Temulawak Madu Dalam Penurunan Nyeri Haid Pada Remaja Putri Di SMK Negeri 13 Medan Tahun 2022. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pre-eksperimental design dengan pendekatan the one group pretest posttest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswi kelas XI PBD (Pemasaran Bisnis Dan Daring) yang mengalami nyeri haid saat menstruasi. Sampel sebanyak 15 responden menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling dengan analisa univariat.  Hasil: Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan pada pretest terdapat nilai mean 2,4667 nilai minimum 1,00 dan maksimum 4,00 dan posttest nilai mean menjadi 1,1333 minimum 0,0 dan maksimum 3,00. Berdasarkan uji statistic dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dengan nilai p=0,000<0,050, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pada  pemberian ekstrak temulawak madu dalam penurunan nyeri haid pada remaja putri di smk negeri 13 medan tahun 2022. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pemberian ekstrak temulawak madu dalam penurunan nyeri haid pada remaja putri. Diharapkan kepada remaja putri untuk mengkonsumsi jamu temulawak  madu dalam penurunan nyeri haid.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar dan Motivasi Siswa XII IPA 1 MAN Buleleng melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek PLTB (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Buah)
Authors: Rohmaya Nikmatur
Published: January 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar  dan motivasi siswa XII IPA 1 MAN Buleleng melalui penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek PLTB (pembangkit listrik tenaga buah). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan kegiatan yakni perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII IPA  1 MAN Buleleng yang berjumlah 33 siswa pada semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2022/2023. Penelitian ini melibatkan satu orang observer. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu teknik tes, observasi, dan angket motivasi belajar siswa yang dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Model pembelajaran berbasis proyek PLTB dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa. Nilai rata-rata siswa saat pretest sebesar 55,03 mengalami peningkatan menjadi 68,56 pada siklus 1 dan 75,00 pada siklus 2. presesntase ketuntasan siswa saat pretest sebesar 16,13% meningkat menjadi 58,06% pada siklus 1 dan 77,42% pada siklus 2. Indikator keberhasilan penelitian tindakan kelas telah tercapai pada siklus 2. (2) Siswa memberikan respon yang positif terhadap pembelajaran sel volta yang dilaksanakan dengan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek PLTB dengan rata-rata 73,33% sangat termotivasi dan 26,67% termotivasi.
Penerapan Pembelajaran TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT Berbantuan Media CROSSWORD untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Fisika Siswa Materi Cahaya di MTs Negeri 1 Sumbawa Barat Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Silung Sri Nurul Wahidah Silung
Published: January 2024

Pembelajaran di kelas yang cenderung teacher center menyebabkan sebagian besar siswa belum mencapai nilai KKM 70 yang ditetapkan oleh madrasah. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA Fisika siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Sumbawa Barat tahun pelajaran 2021/2022, melalui penerapan Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Berbantuan Media Crossword yang bercirikan penyajian kelas, pengelompokan tim, turnamen, dan pemberian penghargaan. PTK ini melalui dua siklus, siklus I dilaksanakan pada tanggal 19-26 April 2022 dan siklus II pada tanggal 04 Mei 2022. Setiap siklus melalui tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, tes hasil belajar dan dokumentasi. Instrumen penelitian meliputi RPP, lembar observasi siswa dan guru, serta tes evaluasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada ranah kognitif yaitu dari 71.87 % menjadi 81,56 %, kenaikan sebesar 9,69 %. Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada ranah afektif dari 77.97% dengan kategori Cukup Baik (C) menjadi 90.92% dengan kategori Sangat Baik (A), terdapat kenaikan sebesar 12.95%, dan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada ranah psikomotor yaitu dari 59,77% dengan kategori Cukup Baik (C) sampai 85,23% dengan kategori Baik (B) serta terdapat kenaikan sebesar 25,46%. Akhirnya penulis menyimpulkan bahwa tujuan penelitian yang diharapkan berhasil. Dengan kata lain, implementasi tindakan Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Berbantuan Media Crossword dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar fisika siswa.
Behavioral Counseling Approach in Overcoming Student Delinquency Y (Case Study of MA Plus Nurul Islam Sekarbela Students)
Authors: Rizaldi Dedi Riyan Rizaldi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to find solutions in overcoming delinquent behavior in students through the implementation of behavioral counseling using positive reinforcement techniques. This type of research uses action research on counseling guidance (Action Research In Counseling). The subjects in this study were 2 students out of 31 students of class XI Religion MA Plus Nurul Islam who showed delinquent behavior. This method focuses on observation methods inside and outside the classroom. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis which was carried out in 2 cycles/actions. The results showed that there was a decrease in delinquent behavior after counseling cycle 2 and the observations proved that the subject had shown many positive changes. This proves that the behavioral counseling approach is very effective in overcoming delinquent behavior in students.
Menakar Kesiapan Guru Madrasah Dalam Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Andana Prawira Yudha , Nugraha Firman
Published: January 2024

This research was carried out based on doubts from several parties about the success of the implementation of the independent curriculum rolled out by the government. Therefore, researchers went into the field to dig data from the spearhead of curriculum implementation, namely madrasah and teachers. The study was conducted by descriptive method.  The instruments used are interviews and open questionnaires. The resulting findings that have been analyzed by descriptive studies show that from the aspect of teachers, both the age and length of service of teachers stated that they were ready to implement an independent curriculum. Meanwhile, from the madrasah aspect, both the ibtidiyah, tsanawiyah, and aliyah madrasah levels, also stated that they were ready to implement an independent curriculum, even for the aliyah madrasah level, all subjects wanted this curriculum change.
MPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL ON DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH THROUGH INSTAGRAM PERSONAL PHOTOGRAPHY AT THE 11th GRADE OF SMA PANGERAN ANTASARI MEDAN
Authors: Amaniarsih Dwi Suci , Juliana Juliana , Asrul Nurmahyuni , Sijabat Erni Darmayanti
Published: January 2024

This study's goal was to assess the writing skills of class XI SMA students. Regarding text descriptions, Pangeran Antasari. How does using a personal photo help students create better text descriptions? is how the issue is phrased. The purpose of this study was to teach secondary school pupils how to use real-world examples to improve their ability to create descriptive prose. Researchers employ the Classroom Action Research Methodology (CAR). 40 pupils from class XI made up the study's sample. The study's findings, which took into account both qualitative and quantitative data, showed that 90% of students could finish writing assignments once a discussion technique was applied. Data from cycles I and II were used to make this conclusion. In the pre-test, 17 students had a 42% success rate, while 23 students scored a 57.5 percent failure rate. 25 students completed cycle I with a success percentage of 62.5%, while 15 students failed with a rate of 37.5%. In cycle II, 36 students achieved a 90% success rate, while 10 students failed the post-test II with a 10% failure rate. Their writing skills greatly improved once the teaching and learning activities got going. It might be argued that using personal pictures helps pupils become better at producing descriptive text.Keywords : Personal photograph, descriptive text.
Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuation on the Standard of Living in Nigeria
Authors: Ukangwa Jane Uchechi. , Okezie Ijechukwu Ruth , Nwanosike Dominic Udochukwu
Published: January 2024

The study examined the effect of the exchange rate fluctuations on standard of living in Nigeria. The variables of gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC), per capital income and unemployment proxied standard of living while the explanatory variables were exchange rate (EXCR), Inflation (INF) Interest rate (INTR) and money supply secondary data was used covering between the period of 1990-2023. Unit root test were carried out to ascertain the stationarity of the variables the result of which Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) was used to estimate the parameters as they were integrated in the order of 0 and 1. The findings reveal that Exchange rate fluctuation has a significant long and short run relationship with the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, per capita income and unemployment rate in Nigeria. The implication of this is that living standard in Nigeria is greatly influenced by the alterations in exchange rate. As such the study recommended amongst other things that Government should improve on the productive sector of the economy as the primary sector of the economy that produces the basic commodities used to produce goods and services thereby reducing unemployment and improving standard of living. They should strive to put in place positive economic reforms tailored towards enhancing the economic performance and reducing unfavorable impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the standard of living in Nigeria.