bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti‐HIV Compounds from the Deep‐Sea‐Derived Fungus Chaetomium globosum
Authors: Hu Hong‐Qiang , Li Yan‐Hui , Fan Zuo‐Wang , Yan Wei‐Li , He Zhi‐Hui , Zhong Tian‐Hua , Gai Ying‐Bao , Yang Xian‐Wen
Published: November 2021

Chemical investigation on the deep‐sea‐derived fungus Chaetomium globosum led to the isolation of nine compounds. By extensive analyses of the 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR‐ESI‐MS spectra, their structures were elucidated as xylariol A (1), 1,3‐dihydro‐4,5,6‐trihydroxy‐7‐methylisobenzofuran (2), epicoccone B (3), epicoccolide B (4), chaetoglobosin G (5), chaetoglobosin Fex (6), cochliodone A (7), cochliodone B (8), and chaetoviridin A (9), assorting as four phenolics (1–4), two cytochalosans (5–6), and three azaplilones (7–9). Compounds 1–3 were firstly reported from C. globosum. Under the concentrations of 20 μg/mL, 1, 2, and 3 exhibited potent in vitro anti‐HIV activity with the inhibition rates of 70 %, 75 %, and 88 %, respectively.
A simple technique for suspension and stabilization of retrieval bag and adnexa by anchoring to the abdominal wall
Authors: Chatzipapas Ioannis , Kathopoulis Nikolaos , Kypriotis Konstantinos , Samartzis Konstantinos , Siemou Panagiota , Protopapas Athanasios
Published: November 2021

We describe a useful technique, in laparoscopic cystectomy in‐a‐bag, for suspension and stabilization of endobag and adnexa using temporary sutures. It intends to create an isolated field to avoid spillage of the cyst content into the abdomen in case of rupture, thereby allowing the safe laparoscopic removal of ovarian masses.
Virtual federal work‐study and student career development
Authors: Akos Patrick , Leonard A. Joshua , Hutson Bryant
Published: November 2021

College students participate in work for a variety of reasons, and evidence suggests multiple career development benefits from the experience. The coronavirus disease (COVID) pandemic has transformed many of these work opportunities, including the Federal Work‐Study (FWS) program. Pilot data from one university in the Southeast suggests comparable career development outcomes between in‐person and virtual work‐study placements. We consider these data in the context of a necessary and possible transformed work landscape.
A Simple Approach towards Highly Dense Graphene Films for High Volumetric Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Xin , Huang Cong , Tang Qunli , Hao Yisu , Zhang Yan , Hu Aiping , Chen Xiaohua
Published: November 2021

An interface self‐assembly followed by hydrothermal reduction method are proposed to obtain a tannic acid (TA)‐modified reduced graphene oxide composite film (|TA/RGO|). This unique method endows |TA/RGO| with several advantages: (1) TA is adopted as a redox‐active spacer between adjacent interlayers for enlarging the ion‐accessible area and contributing to pseudocapacitance; (2) due to the intensive pressure exerted by the sandwich‐like device during the hydrothermal reduction process, appropriate expansion and a relatively flat layered structure are achieved which will facilitate the ion transport. As a result, the |TA/RGO| film shows an ultrahigh volumetric performance of 701 F cm−3 with a high density of 1.91 g cm−3 using a three‐electrode system. When assembled into a symmetric supercapacitor, |TA/RGO| film delivers a high volumetric capacitance of 244.8 F cm−3 and a high capacitance retention of 100 % after 5000 cycles at the current density of 2 A g−1, showing a great potential for large‐scale application.
An integrative model of corporate mindfulness: A systematic literature review
Authors: Bayle‐Cordier Julie , Rouvelin Paul , Savoli Azadeh , Vieira‐Da‐Cunha Joao
Published: November 2021

The exponential increase of research on corporate mindfulness in recent years is representative of growing global interest for this topic. However, past research is often presented as conflicting and contradictory. In this paper, we develop an integrative model of corporate mindfulness that establishes links between different streams of research on mindfulness while preserving their differences. To this end, we conducted a systematic literature review of research on corporate mindfulness in management journals published between 1999 and January 2020 in EBSCO Business Source Premier. A final list of 157 articles was analyzed for this review. Results reveal four types of links at the construct level among studies that are part of the different approaches to corporate mindfulness.
Conjugated Polymers for Combatting Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Wang Zijuan , Geng Hao , Nie Chenyao , Xing Chengfen
Published: November 2021

Comprehensive Summary

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major challenges in pathogenic infections, which endangers human health and brings devastating public health threats. Therefore, developing new materials to reduce the over‐reliance on antibiotics or to replace antibiotics is in great need to solve this problem. Conjugated polymers (CPs) with excellent light‐harvesting properties and good biocompatibility are ideal candidate materials for combatting AMR through photodynamic antimicrobial therapy (PACT) by sensitizing oxygen and photothermal therapy (PTT) by light to heat conversion. Significant works of CPs‐based antimicrobial approaches have been reported in recent years. Herein, we summarize the types of CPs‐based antimicrobial materials, illustrate their antimicrobial mechanisms, and discuss their applications in combating AMR mainly by PACT or antimicrobial PTT. In addition, we proposed some other antimicrobial treatment strategies based on CPs, hoping to provide inspiring insight for overcoming AMR.
Thickness Dependence of Doping Level in Conducting Polymer Films: the Optical Contrast Optimization in Electrochromism as a Case Study
Authors: Wang Jianqiao , Zhang Huanhuan , Ma Yuguang
Published: November 2021

Comprehensive Summary

Doping plays an essential role in the properties of conducting polymers. Film thickness not only has a direct influence on their photoelectric properties, but also affects the doping ability, which may lead to the decline of capacitance and electrochromic properties caused by incomplete doping. Therefore, it is essential to study the quantitative relationship between doping level and film thickness in application. Herein, empirical formula between doping level and thickness was obtained by studying the spectroelectrochemistry behaviors of two different electrochromic materials, poly(N,N'‐bis(3,5‐(2‐thienyl)‐phenyl)‐1,6,7,12‐tetrachloroperylene‐3,4,9,10‐perylenetetracarboxylic diimide) (poly(Th‐Cl‐PBI)) and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). The doping level is verified to be correlated to the reciprocal of the 3rd power of film thickness. Experimental results fit these formulas very well, giving correlation coefficient R2 higher than 0.99. The optical contrast prediction of these two electrochromic materials is also used to verify this relationship formula. For the first time, we quantitatively connect these two important parameters of conducting polymers, doping level and thickness.
Sensitivity analysis in classification using Bayesian smoothing spline ANOVA probit regression
Authors: Zhang Chunzhe , Storlie Curtis B. , Lee Thomas C. M.
Published: November 2021

For many classification problems, in addition to providing accurate classification results, very often it is equally important to determine which predictors are contributing to the results, and by how much. This motivates this article, where a new sensitivity analysis framework is developed for classification problems to address this issue. The effectiveness of this framework is illustrated through simulation studies and application to real data. Notice that this framework can be coupled with different classification methods. However, in practice it is recommended to pair it with a classification method called Bayesian smoothing spline ANOVA probit regression (BSSANOVA). When compared with other existing methods through numerical experiments, BSSANOVA performs extremely well for both classification and sensitivity analysis.
Active matrix metalloproteinase‐8: A potential biomarker of oral systemic link
Authors: Umeizudike Kehinde , Räisänen Ismo , Gupta Shipra , Nwhator Solomon , Grigoriadis Andreas , Sakellari Dimitra , Sorsa Timo
Published: November 2021

Objectives

This mini review aims to address some possible gaps in periodontal diagnosis in clinical studies particularly involving the oral‐systemic connection with a view to minimize such gaps, and thus improve patient treatment experiences and outcomes.

Methods

The conventional assessment of periodontitis has traditionally been by clinical and radiographic oral parameters. We reviewed numerous studies published mainly within the past decade, to affirm the oral‐systemic link, the contribution of periodontitis to the inflammatory burden in various systemic diseases and conditions, and the potential role of active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (aMMP‐8).

Results

While it is established that periodontal pathogens in dental plaque biofilm are the primary initiating agents in periodontitis, it has become clear from the appraisal of recent studies that the host inflammation, including biomarkers such as aMMP‐8 play a major role, being the driving underlying pathological mechanism in both periodontitis and systemic diseases.

Conclusions

The apparent limitations of conventional diagnostic tools have led researchers to seek alternative methods of evaluation such as the quantification of biomarkers including aMMP‐8, which can be a bridge between oral/periodontal and systemic diseases; aMMP‐8 can form a mouth‐body connection.
Association between type 2 diabetes and skeletal muscle quality assessed by abdominal computed tomography scan
Authors: Kim Eun Hee , Kim Hong‐Kyu , Lee Min Jung , Bae Sung‐Jin , Kim Kyung Won , Choe Jaewon
Published: November 2021

Aim

To examine the association between type 2 diabetes and the amount and quality of trunk muscle as assessed by computed tomography (CT) scan.

Materials and methods

A total of 20,986 subjects (13,007 men and 7979 women) who underwent abdominal CT scan as part of a routine health check‐up were included. The total abdominal muscle area (TAMA) measured at the third lumbar vertebrae was classified into skeletal muscle area (SMA), and intermuscular adipose tissue area. SMA was divided into good quality muscles (normal attenuation muscle area [NAMA]) and poor quality muscles (low attenuation muscle area). NAMA/TAMA index was calculated.

Results

Subjects with type 2 diabetes had higher values of TAMA and SMA but significantly lower values of NAMA and NAMA/TAMA index. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of NAMA/TAMA index, subjects in the highest quartile had metabolically favourable laboratory findings, a lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes (Q1 vs. Q4: 19.3% vs. 9.5% in men, 12.3% vs. 3.0% in women) and inverse association with type 2 diabetes (odds ratio for Q2, Q3, and Q4: 0.87, 0.78, and 0.75 in men; 0.82, 0.70, and 0.68 in women) after multivariable adjustment.

Conclusions

The amount of good quality muscle on CT scan was associated with a lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes.
Increased self‐reported delay of gratification in acutely underweight, but not remitted anorexia nervosa
Authors: Weinert Tomas , King Joseph A. , Böldt Luisa , Gronow Franziska , Roessner Veit , Ehrlich Stefan
Published: November 2021

Objective

Laboratory experiments using delay discounting tasks have delivered some evidence of an increased capacity to delay reward in anorexia nervosa (AN). Overall, however, findings have been inconclusive and no comprehensive studies of self‐reported tendency to forgo immediate gratification in favor of long‐term rewards exist in AN.

Method

A total of 71 acutely underweight female inpatients with AN (acAN); 52 women long‐term weight‐recovered from AN (recAN); and 120 healthy control women completed the Delaying Gratification Inventory (DGI). Fifty‐two acAN were reassessed after short‐term weight rehabilitation. Separate cross‐sectional and longitudinal group comparisons tested for differences in DGI subscales (food, physical pleasure, social interaction, money, and achievement) and total scores.

Results

DGI scores were elevated in acAN even after removing food‐related items and accounting for comorbid symptoms. DGI scores remained relatively elevated following short‐term weight rehabilitation, but no differences were evident between recAN and HC.

Discussion

This study delivers self‐report evidence supporting the notion of an increased propensity to delay gratification in individuals acutely ill with AN which does not appear to change with partial weight restoration alone. A reduction in the tendency to delay reward may thus be an important cognitive correlate of long‐term recovery in AN.
Camouflage versus running performance as strategies against predation in a lizard inhabiting different habitats
Authors: Wan Lixia , Liu Zhenxia , Wang Tao , Yang Minglu , Li Jiasheng , Sun Hui , Niu Chenkai , Zhao Wei , Jin Yuanting
Published: November 2021

Running speed and camouflage are associated with the foraging and anti‐predator abilities of animals. The toad‐headed lizard, Phrynocephalus versicolor, has evolved a darker dorsal color in melanistic habitats and maintained a lighter color in adjacent, non‐melanistic habitats. We test the hypothesis that lizards have weaker running speed on well‐matching backgrounds than on less matching backgrounds. We used lizard models to compare the predation pressure, while the running speed of dark and light lizards were compared in field tunnels using a video recording method. Our results indicated that both the dark lizards in melanistic Heishankou (HSK) and the light lizards in non‐melanistic Guazhou (GZ) face lower predation pressure than potential color‐background unmatched lizards. The light lizards have a potentially higher running speed than darker lizards in melanistic habitats, which implies that substrate color matching populations with benefits of camouflage might have lower anti‐predation pressure, and the costs of investment in melanin production may reduce running capacity.
Patiromer for the management of hyperkalaemia in patients receiving renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors for heart failure: design and rationale of the DIAMOND trial
Authors: Butler Javed , Anker Stefan D. , Siddiqi Tariq Jamal , Coats Andrew J.S. , Dorigotti Fabio , Filippatos Gerasimos , Friede Tim , Göhring Udo‐Michael , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Lund Lars H. , Metra Marco , Moreno Quinn Carol , Piña Ileana L. , Pinto Fausto J. , Rossignol Patrick , Szecsödy Peter , Van Der Meer Peter , Weir Matthew , Pitt Bertram
Published: November 2021

Aims

In patients with current or a history of hyperkalaemia, treatment with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) is often compromised. Patiromer, a novel potassium (K+) binder, may improve serum K+ levels and adherence to RAASi.

Methods

The DIAMOND trial will enroll ∼820 patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; ejection fraction ≤40%). Patients meeting the screening criteria will enter a single‐blinded run‐in phase where they will be started or continued on a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) titrated to 50 mg/day and other RAASi therapy to ≥50% target dose, and patiromer. Patiromer will be titrated up to a maximum three packs/day (8.4 g/pack) to achieve optimal doses of RAASi without hyperkalaemia. The run‐in phase will last up to 12 weeks, following which patients will undergo double‐blind randomization in a 1:1 ratio to receive either continued patiromer or placebo (patiromer withdrawal). The primary endpoint is the mean difference in serum K+ from randomization between patiromer and placebo arms. Secondary endpoints will include hyperkalaemia events with K+ value >5.5 mEq/L, durable enablement of MRA at target dose, investigator‐reported adverse events of hyperkalaemia, hyperkalaemia‐related clinical endpoints and an overall RAASi use score (using a 0–8‐point scale) comprising all‐cause death, occurrence of cardiovascular hospitalization or usage of comprehensive heart failure medication.

Conclusion

The DIAMOND trial is designed to determine if patiromer can favourably impact K+ control in patients with HFrEF with hyperkalaemia or a history of hyperkalaemia leading to RAASi therapy compromise, and in turn improve RAASi use.
Human Papilloma Virus‐11 DNA Detection by Graphene‐PAMAM Modified Impedimetric CRISPR‐dCas9 Biosensor
Authors: Mumcu Mehmet Utku , Ertuğrul Uygun Hilmiye Deniz , Uygun Zihni Onur
Published: November 2021

Human Papilloma Virus‐11 (HPV‐11) is leads to condylomata acuminata (CA), which has commonly known as genital wards that global widespread incidence of 160 to 289 cases per year. In the first‐time literature, we detect HPV‐11 DNA by using dCas9 modified graphene oxide‐PAMAM modified electrodes, impedimetrically. Chronoimpedimetric detection was facilitated the biosensor response time optimization of HPV‐11 DNA in 5 minutes. The biosensor has ability to analyze HPV‐11 DNA between 50 pM and 1000 pM with good linearity, sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, we tested our biosensor in real samples matrix by considering recovery of the samples.
3D printable solid and quasi‐solid electrolytes for advanced batteries
Authors: Ben‐Barak Ido , Ragones Heftsi , Golodnitsky Diana
Published: November 2021

Compared with traditional lithium‐ion systems, solid‐state batteries could achieve significantly higher energy density and improved safety. The design and method of synthesis of solid electrolytes are known to affect the electrochemical performance and mechanical integrity of a battery upon charge/discharge. 3D printing, while being the most advanced method for the fabrication of solid electrolytes, remains a bottleneck in the all‐printed batteries and, hitherto, has not been systematically investigated. In this mini‐review, an attempt has been made to address the issue of 3D printing of ceramic and polymer electrolytes by utilizing different approaches, in order to compare the conductivity of printed electrolytes and the electrolytes prepared by standard methods, and to propose investigation and development directions in this rapidly growing field.
Theoretical and experimental determination of proppant‐crushing ratio and fracture conductivity with different particle sizes
Authors: Guo Zixi , Zhao Jinzhou , Li Yongming , Zhao Yunxiang , Hu Haoran
Published: November 2021

Crushing ratio and fracture conductivity are two key indicators for proppant evaluation. The most common way to evaluate these two indicators is physical testing, but physical testing is costly and time‐consuming, and the results are unstable. Therefore, a method for calculating proppant‐crushing ratio and fracture conductivity is proposed to replace repetitive physical experiments. However, in past attempts, only mathematical models using the same particle size have been established, while the particle‐size distribution in actual proppant arrangement is within a certain numerical range. Therefore, in order to establish a mathematical model more consistent with the actual situation of proppant arrangement, firstly, the Monte Carlo method was used to simulate proppant particles arranged with different particle sizes, and then a mathematical model was established describing the force of proppant particles. Secondly, according to the sparse, ill‐conditioned, and asymmetric characteristics of the coefficient matrix, an improved singular value decomposition method is proposed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of calculation. Finally, the crushing ratio and fracture conductivity of proppant were calculated through the new model in this paper. It was found that the results calculated by the new model in this paper are closer to actual test results.
Combined foliar application of zinc sulphate and selenite affects the magnitude of selenium biofortification in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Ning Peng , Fei Peiwen , Wu Tianqi , Li Yafei , Qu Chunyan , Li Yunuo , Shi Jianglan , Tian Xiaohong
Published: November 2021

Combined foliar application of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) and selenium (Se) has been practiced in wheat biofortification. However, it remains elusive that whether the combined application affects Zn and Se distribution to grain, the efficacy of biofortification and bioavailability in wheat, due to the accompanying sulphate sources. Selenite and ZnSO4 were applied either alone or simultaneously to foliage of wheat in field, and their impacts on Zn and Se partitioning in plants, enrichment and bioavailability in whole grain, bran and flour, as well as amino acid profile in flour, were closely investigated. Grain yield was not influenced by any of the foliar Zn and Se applications. Grain Zn and Se concentrations reached 58.3–77.9 and 0.30–0.74 mg kg−1 in Zn‐ and Se‐sprayed plants, respectively, and the estimated daily‐absorbed Zn by a reference adult from grain and flour were enhanced by 1.2‐ to 2.4‐fold than the control, as well as 16.8‐fold increase on average for daily Se intake. Combined Zn and Se application led to a 32%–37% reduction in Se concentrations and daily Se intake of whole grain and flour in one of the two seasons when compared with the foliar Se spray alone, which was partly associated with the reduced Se distribution to grains. Alternatively, similar responsive patterns of methionine and cysteine with grain and flour Se concentrations further suggested that zinc sulphate and selenium interactions in Se accumulation act through the metabolism of sulphur‐containing amino acids in wheat plants. Further, the substantial Zn enrichment in flour paralleled to the increase of amino acid profiles such as aspartate, glutamate, glycine and lysine, but not to the total amino acid content. Overall, wheat was successfully biofortified with Zn and Se through combined foliar applications, although an antagonistic impact of ZnSO4 spray on the magnitude of Se biofortification occurred in some cases.
Soil chemical changes in ancient irrigated fields of Udhruḥ, southern Jordan
Authors: Velasco‐Sánchez Ángel , Driessen Mark J. , Abudanah Fawzi , Nobels Peter R. , Comans Rob N. J. , Hoosbeek Marcel R.
Published: November 2021

Since ancient times, irrigation has been fundamental for achieving large agricultural yields, especially in the more arid areas of the world. An example of this practice is represented by the vast water infrastructures found near Udhruḥ (southern Jordan). These engineering works were constructed, maintained and restored from the Nabataean to early Islamic periods (first century BCE to eighth century CE). It still remains unknown why the ancient agricultural landscape of the region shifted towards an unproductive desert. In this study, we analysed the soil chemical and physical properties of an ancient irrigated field to assess whether ancient agricultural practices have altered soil properties that are still noticeable today, and might have contributed to the abandonment of the area. Soil samples were taken randomly from within an ancient qanat‐irrigated agricultural field and from adjacent surfaces believed never to have been irrigated. Our results indicate that the effects of irrigation are still detectable today; electrical conductivity and total Na, B, Li and Sr in the soil of the ancient fields were significantly lower than those in the undisturbed control soils, which suggests leaching of soluble elements due to irrigation. Our results provide evidence of the mastery of ancient civilizations in their agricultural practices. Engineers and farmers apparently managed to conduct irrigation in the area of Udhruḥ for long periods of time without causing soil degradation.
Estimating variations in the use of antibiotics in primary care: Insights from the Tuscany region, Italy
Authors: Willmington Claire , Vainieri Milena , Seghieri Chiara
Published: November 2021

Background

Practice variation is a well‐known phenomenon that affects all aspects of healthcare delivery and leads to suboptimal health outcomes as well as poor resource allocation. Given the global rise of antimicrobial resistance, practice variation is of particular concern when it comes to the prescription of antibiotics. A growing number of healthcare systems are tackling this issue at all levels of healthcare governance.

Aims and objectives

This study sought to estimate the variation in antibiotic use across different levels of Tuscany's primary care, and assess the extent to which the organization of primary care delivery is responsible for this variation.

Methods

We analysed the performance and variation for seven indicators related to the use of antibiotics at three levels of healthcare governance: (i) the clinician level (2619 general practitioners [GPs]); (ii) the peer‐group level (all 116 GP group practices) and (iii) the institutional level (all 26 health districts). For the statistical analysis, we built three‐level mixed effects models that were fitted with 2619 GPs, 116 GP group practices and 26 health districts.

Results

The multi‐level models suggested that the grand majority of the variation in antibiotic use was located at the GP level (75% to 97%). However, the percentage of variation associated with GP group practices and health districts ranged from 3% to 25%, depending on the type of indicator analysed.

Conclusion

While the variation was found to be in large part due to differences between GPs themselves, the influence exerted by peer groups and institutional mechanisms does have a significant impact as well. Further research needs to be conducted regarding the institutional and contextual factors that prompt GPs to harmonize their prescribing behaviour in line with best practices and lead to not only improved patient outcomes but also large cost‐savings.
The relationship between emergent drawing, emergent writing, and visual‐motor integration in preschool children
Authors: Pinto Giuliana , Incognito Oriana
Published: November 2021

Drawing and writing are two major representational systems with many common aspects. Each also has its own system of rules, characterized by different degrees of visual realism and conventionality. The relationship between them at their emergence and the contribution of perceptual and motor skills to their development have been under‐investigated, leading to discordant study results. This study investigated the emergence of the ability to draw and write and the association between these two processes in 3‐ to 5‐year‐old preschoolers, controlling for the role played by visual‐motor integration ability. A total of 115 preschoolers were tested for drawing and writing tasks and visual‐motor integration. Variance analysis, correlation analysis, and covariance analysis were performed. The results illustrated a stable association between drawing and writing in the age range considered, which can be traced to their common representational core. Moreover, the weight of visual‐motor coordination is differentiated for the two notational systems.
The development of “automated visual evaluation” for cervical cancer screening: The promise and challenges in adapting deep‐learning for clinical testing
Authors: Desai Kanan T. , Befano Brian , Xue Zhiyun , Kelly Helen , Campos Nicole G. , Egemen Didem , Gage Julia C. , Rodriguez Ana‐Cecilia , Sahasrabuddhe Vikrant , Levitz David , Pearlman Paul , Jeronimo Jose , Antani Sameer , Schiffman Mark , de Sanjosé Silvia
Published: November 2021

There is limited access to effective cervical cancer screening programs in many resource‐limited settings, resulting in continued high cervical cancer burden. Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is increasingly recognized to be the preferable primary screening approach if affordable due to superior long‐term reassurance when negative and adaptability to self‐sampling. Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) is an inexpensive but subjective and inaccurate method widely used in resource‐limited settings, either for primary screening or for triage of HPV‐positive individuals. A deep learning (DL)‐based automated visual evaluation (AVE) of cervical images has been developed to help improve the accuracy and reproducibility of VIA as assistive technology. However, like any new clinical technology, rigorous evaluation and proof of clinical effectiveness are required before AVE is implemented widely. In the current article, we outline essential clinical and technical considerations involved in building a validated DL‐based AVE tool for broad use as a clinical test.
Primary renal leiomyosarcoma with a tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava
Authors: Konno Mikio , Osawa Takahiro , Hotta Kiyohiko , Shimizu Ai , Abe Takashige , Matsumoto Ryuji , Kikuchi Hiroshi , Shinohara Nobuo
Published: November 2021

Introduction

We report a rare case of primary renal leiomyosarcoma with a tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava.

Case presentation

A 54‐year‐old woman presented with right flank pain and abdominal distension. Physical examination findings were unremarkable. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a heterogeneously enhancing right solid renal mass with a thrombus in the renal vein extending into the inferior vena cava. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a renal tumor with a thrombus about 4 cm below the hepatic vein. Chest computed tomography and bone scintigraphy were negative. The patient underwent right radical nephrectomy and vena cava thrombectomy. Histophathologic evaluation of the resected tumor confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. She underwent no adjuvant therapy. Seven months after surgery, the patient died following a 2‐month history of multiple pulmonary and hepatic metastases.

Conclusion

This report highlights the importance of considering the possibility of renal leiomyosarcoma invasion to the inferior vena cava, similar to renal cell carcinoma.
Testicular metastasis from urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
Authors: Fukagawa Eri , Endo Fumiyasu , Kyono Yoko , Hashimoto Jun , Hattori Kazunori
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Reports of urothelial carcinoma with testicular metastasis are limited and the etiology and prognosis remain unclear. We report a rare case of testicular metastasis derived from bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Case presentation

A 68‐year‐old man presented with gross hematuria and urinary frequency. Cystoscopy demonstrated an 8‐cm‐sized tumor in the bladder; transurethral resection and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed invasive urothelial carcinoma. Cystoprostatourethrectomy was performed, and the pathological diagnosis was high‐grade muscle‐invasive urothelial carcinoma. Three years later, the patient noticed a left scrotal mass. Left high orchiectomy was performed, and histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen revealed urothelial carcinoma, confirming testicular metastasis derived from bladder cancer. The patient received chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin and has survived for 7 years since the initial diagnosis without progression.

Conclusion

Although rare, secondary lesions should be considered for the differential diagnosis of testicular tumors in patients with a history of urothelial carcinoma.
Clinical pharmacy initiative to increase naloxone prescribing in patients with opioid use disorder
Authors: Smith Rachel , Tran Sylvia , Stevens Shelley , Powers Jennifer , Gunn Maria , Nguyen Tuong‐My , Bovio Franck Jessica
Published: November 2021

Introduction

The national opioid epidemic has garnered the attention of various health agencies. A leading strategy in mitigating risk from the opioid public health crisis, including opioid use disorder (OUD), is via increased promotion and access to the lifesaving opioid antagonist, naloxone. Pharmacists have been recognized as integral in addressing this emergency; however, literature evaluating outcomes from multifaceted clinical pharmacy specialist (CPS) interventions and involvement is lacking. The purpose of this quality improvement initiative was to evaluate the impact of a CPS initiative to increase naloxone prescribing proportions (number of patients with OUD with an active prescription for naloxone within the past year divided by the number of patients with OUD), patient access to care, and clinical interventions.

Methods

Pain management CPSs, mental health CPSs, and clinical pharmacy leadership within a Veterans Health System spearheaded a variety of interventions to increase naloxone prescribing in patients with OUD including focused education with prescribers, naloxone informational letters, review of population management tools identifying patients with OUD indicated to receive naloxone, CPS naloxone prescribing, and automated naloxone drug orders integrated into electronic health record progress note templates. The preintervention and postintervention evaluation periods were three‐month time frames. Naloxone prescribing proportions were compared before and after implementation of these interventions. Additional outcomes evaluated were number of encounters, number of patients seen/reviewed, and number of clinical interventions completed by the CPSs.

Results

There was a significant increase observed in naloxone prescribing proportions from 34.1% to 57.5% postintervention (P < .01). The total number of encounters, patients, and clinical interventions had an absolute increase of 58.0%, 88.4%, and 49.9%, respectively, postintervention.

Conclusion

The observed improvement in naloxone prescribing proportions suggests the value of CPS involvement in initiatives for increasing naloxone prescribing to optimize patient safety and justify clinical pharmacy services.
The context of disclosing suicidality: An exploration with attempt survivors
Authors: Sheehan Lindsay , Oexle Nathalie , Armas Silvia A. , Wan Hoi Ting , Bushman Michael , Glover LaToya , Lewy Stanley , Laique Aamir
Published: November 2021

Suicide attempt survivors selectively disclose suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. However, little is known about how suicide attempt survivors make these disclosure decisions. To address the dearth of research on the context of suicide disclosure, a community‐based participatory research team analyzed qualitative data from suicide attempt survivors (n = 40) to examine when, how, and to whom they disclose suicidality. We describe findings on three main themes: (1) who to tell, (2) when to tell, and (3) how to tell. Within subthemes, we provide examples of diverse disclosure‐related strategies, including gradual disclosure, adapting disclosure to the audience, and determining the emotional readiness of both discloser and confidant. Counselors can use the study results to aid suicide attempt survivors in making disclosure decisions and crafting disclosure messages that maximize benefits for suicide attempt survivors and those to whom they disclose.
Microarray analysis of circRNAs sequencing profile in exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients
Authors: Fu Miao , Fang Liping , Xiang Xi , Fan Xijing , Wu Junqi , Wang Jinhua
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)‐derived exosomes are involved in the modulation of tissue repair and regeneration. CircRNAs play important roles in BMSCs exosomes. The current study sought to explore the role of circRNAs in exosomes derived from BMSCs of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) patients and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods

RNA was extracted from BMSCs exosomes of PMOP and a control group. RNA microarray and bioinformatics analyses were used to explore the expression profile and functions circRNAs. Differentially expressed circRNAs from 20 PMOP and 20 controls were analyzed using RT‐qPCR.

Results

A total of 237 upregulated and 279 downregulated circRNAs were identified in the current study. The top‐10 most upregulated circRNAs in the PMOP group were hsa_circ_0069691, hsa_circ_0005678, hsa_circ_0006464, hsa_circ_0015813, hsa_circ_0000511, hsa_circ_0076527, hsa_circ_0009127, hsa_circ_0047285, hsa_circ_0027741, and hsa_circ_0090949. The top‐10 most downregulated circRNAs were hsa_circ_0048669, hsa_circ_0090247, hsa_circ_0070899, hsa_circ_0087557, hsa_circ_0045963, hsa_circ_0090180, hsa_circ_0058392, hsa_circ_0040751, hsa_circ_0067910, and hsa_circ_0049484. RT‐PCR verified dysregulation of 5 circRNAs including hsa_circ_0009127, hsa_circ_0090759, hsa_circ_0058392, hsa_circ_0090247, and hsa_circ_0049484. Moreover, a circRNA‐microRNA‐mRNA interaction network was developed based on differentially expressed circRNAs. Functional analysis showed that pathways involved in the regulation of autophagy, PI3K‐Akt signaling, FoxO signaling, and MAPK signaling were associated with the differentially expressed circRNAs in PMOP patients.

Conclusion

The findings of this study show dysregulated circRNAs in BMSCs exosomes of PMOP patients, which may affect the progression of PMOP. These circRNAs can be used as predictive biomarkers and as therapeutic targets for the treatment of PMOP.
Simultaneous disruption of circulating miR‐21 and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs): Prospective diagnostic and prognostic markers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)
Authors: Samiei Hadiseh , Ajam Faezeh , Gharavi Abdolsamad , Abdolmaleki Sara , Kokhaei Parviz , Mohammadi Saeed , Memarian Ali
Published: November 2021

Background

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as the most prominent type of esophageal cancer (EC) in developing countries encompasses a substantial contribution of cancer‐related mortalities and morbidities. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are the major subset of effector T cells against cancer. However, the microRNAs involved in the development and regulation of CTLs could be disrupted in cancers such as EC.

Methods

Here, we evaluated the population of IL‐10, TGF‐β, IFN‐γ, and IL‐17a‐producing CD3+CD8+ T cells, their association with the circulating levels of miR‐21 and miR‐29b, and their diagnostic and/or prognostic (after 160 weeks of follow‐up) utilities in 34 ESCC patients (12 newly diagnosed: ND, 24 under‐treatment: UT) and 34 matched healthy donors.

Results

The population of IL‐10 and TGF‐β‐producing CTLs (CD8+ Tregs) were considerably expanded, in addition to the overexpression of miR‐21 in both groups (ND and UT) of ESCC patients, while the frequency of Tc17 and CD8+ Treg cells increased only in UT patients. The expression means of TGF‐β and IL‐10 in CTLs were considered to be excellent biomarkers (1 ≥ area under the curve: AUC ≥0.9) in distinguishing ESCC patients and associated subgroups from healthy subjects. Moreover, the lower expressions of TGF‐β, IL‐17a, IL‐10, and IFN‐γ in CTLs were associated with ESCC better prognosis.

Conclusions

The association between the impaired function of CD3+ CD8+ T cell subsets and miR‐21 expression could be introduced as novel therapeutic targets and powerful diagnostic and prognostic markers for ESCC.
The psychometric properties of PSYCHLOPS, an individualized patient‐reported outcome measure of personal distress
Authors: Sales Celia , Faísca Luis , Ashworth Mark , Ayis Salma
Published: November 2021

Objective

Few studies report the psychometric properties of individualized patient‐reported outcome measures (I‐PROMs) combining traditional analysis and Item Response Theory (IRT).

Methods

Pre‐ and posttreatment PSYCHLOPS data derived from six clinical samples (n = 939) were analyzed for validity, reliability, and responsiveness; caseness cutoffs and reliable change index were calculated. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to determine whether items represented a unidimensional construct; IRT examined item properties of this construct.

Results

Values for internal consistency, construct validity, convergent and discriminant validity, and structural validity were satisfactory. Responsiveness was high: Cohen's d, 1.48. Caseness cutoff and reliable clinical change scores were 6.41 and 4.63, respectively. IRT analysis confirmed that item scores possess strong properties in assessing the underlying trait measured by PSYCHLOPS.

Conclusion

PSYCHLOPS met the criteria for norm‐referenced measurement of patient psychological distress. PSYCHLOPS functioned as a measure of a single latent trait, which we describe as “personal distress.”
Daring to speak its name: Perceptions of suicidal ideation among Australian gay men
Authors: Olstein Justin , Finn Mark D.
Published: November 2021

Suicidal ideation is approximately three times more prevalent in gay men than heterosexual men with research tending to focus on causation rather than protective factors. This exploratory study examined how gay men perceived suicidal ideation among members of their own community, and whether the support of gay friends was perceived as protective. Twenty‐three Australian gay men (aged between 18 and 65) participated in the study, with qualitative data obtained through the method of story completion. Constructionist thematic analysis highlighted ways in which a fictitious gay male protagonist with suicidal thoughts was viewed as reluctant to reveal these thoughts. However, when the character did, he was seen to benefit from the compassionate involvement of his gay friend. Additionally, the gay protagonist was perceived as experiencing stressors that heightened his community's minority status. Practically, the findings indicated that gay friends could play an important role in assisting their peers recover from suicidal ideation.
Evaluation of the antibacterial influence of silver nanoparticles against fish pathogenic bacterial isolates and their toxicity against common carp fish
Authors: Kakakhel Mian Adnan , Zaheer Ud Din Syed , Wang Wentao
Published: November 2021

At present, nanotechnology and nanomaterials are being emerged very quickly and gained the attention of researchers due to their frequent application history, especially their antibacterial effects against certain bacterial isolates. Therefore, the present study was aimed to check the antibacterial influence and toxic effects of the market available (Chemical Fabricated) silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). For this purpose, the AgNPs were obtained from the local market and used against fish pathogenic bacterial species. The highest zone of inhibition was observed against Aeromonas hydrophila (27.53 ± 0.69). Moreover, the AgNPs were exposed to the common carp fish for toxicity and toxic effects. The highest mortality was seen at the highest concentration (0.09 mg/L) of AgNPs. Finally, the AgNPs mainly were accumulated in the liver, followed by the intestine, gills, and muscles. The intestine absorbed the nanomaterials; therefore, it is critical to check the influence of these AgNPs on the fish intestinal bacterial community via MiSeq Illumina Sequencing.
Scanning electron microscopy of sensilla on the labial and maxillary palps of adult Callidiellum villosulum Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Authors: Wu Guanxin , Dong Zishu , Zheng Xia‐Lin , Lu Wen , Wang Xiao‐Yun
Published: November 2021

This study used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe the morphology and sensilla of the labial and maxillary palps of adult Callidiellum villosulum Fairmaire between sexes. Combining behavioral activities may provide an effective control target for this pest. In this study, the results showed that there were three segments on the labial palps and four segments on the maxillary palps. The length and width of each segment of the labial and maxillary palps were significantly larger in females than in males. Four types of sensilla were found on the labial and maxillary palps of both sexes of adult C. villosulum: sensilla basiconica (SB I, II, III, and IV), sensilla chaetica (SCh I and II), sensilla placodea (SP), and sensilla campaniformia (SCa). SB IV, SCa, and Sh II were significantly more developed on female labial and maxillary palps than on males', which may be related to their oviposition behavior. By contrast, SB I was more significantly developed on males than on females, which may be related to their mating selection. At the same time, for both sexes, the numbers of Sh I and Sh II on the maxillary palps were significantly higher on labial palps. Maxillary palps could be inferred to potentially play a more important role than the labial palps in the activities of adult C. villosulum. Results will help us further understand the host selection and egg‐laying behavior of adult C. villosulum. Such an understanding shall greatly promote the information‐based design of pest control methods.
Combination of psoas muscle mass index and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic predictor for patients undergoing nonsurgical hepatocellular carcinoma therapy
Authors: Sugama Yusuke , Miyanishi Koji , Osuga Takahiro , Tanaka Shingo , Hamaguchi Kota , Ito Ryo , Sakamoto Hiroki , Kubo Tomohiro , Ohnuma Hiroyuki , Murase Kazuyuki , Takada Kohich , Kobune Masayoshi , Kato Junji
Published: November 2021

Background and Aim

Reliable predictors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are urgently needed. The psoas muscle index (PMI) is a simple and rapid method for evaluating muscle atrophy. Furthermore, the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a prognostic factor that is easy to calculate in everyday clinical practice. We aimed to investigate the value of the PMI and NLR as prognostic factors for patients receiving nonsurgical HCC therapy, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), or molecular targeted drugs such as sorafenib (SOR) and lenvatinib (LEN).

Methods

We enrolled 87 patients with HCC who were treated with HAIC, TACE, SOR, or LEN. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) with variable PMI or NLR status. For Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC)‐B patients, useful prognostic factors were examined by comparing the OS between stratified groups. Prognostic factors including PMI and NLR were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results

Analysis of HAIC or TACE (HAIC/TACE) and SOR or LEN (SOR/LEN) patients showed significant differences in OS between low and high PMI. In patients treated with TACE, there was a significant difference in OS between low and high NLR. For BCLC‐B and low PMI, the prognosis was significantly worse for SOR/LEN than for TACE, although there was no difference for high PMI, suggesting that PMI may be useful for treatment selection. In addition, the prognostic formula composed of PMI, NLR, and up‐to‐seven criteria developed in the present study may be useful.

Conclusion

PMI and NLR are considered to be independent prognostic factors for HCC.
Longer‐term outcome of acute pancreatitis: 5 years follow‐up
Authors: Patra Partha Sarathi , Das Kshaunish
Published: November 2021

Background and Aim

Following an index episode of acute pancreatitis, sometimes the inflammation subsides completely, but sometimes inflammation persists and progresses to chronic pancreatitis, which may be or may not be preceded by recurrent acute pancreatitis. Some patients may also develop diabetes mellitus. There is only limited information on the longer‐term outcome of patients with acute pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the longer‐term consequences of acute pancreatitis in the form of the development of recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, diabetes, or pancreatic carcinoma.

Methods

The index study included 122 patients who presented with their first episode of acute pancreatitis. This retrospective, cross‐sectional survey was performed 5 years after the index episode.

Results

Of the 122 patients, 96 were available for follow‐up while 4 were known to have died (one from pancreatic cancer). On reassessment after 5 years, 28 of 96 patients had further episodes of pancreatitis. Fifteen patients were diagnosed as having recurrent acute pancreatitis, 13 patients were diagnosed as having chronic pancreatitis, while 17 developed new‐onset diabetes. Recurrent acute pancreatitis was more common in younger patients, while chronic pancreatitis was associated with alcohol abuse and a more severe index episode. The development of diabetes was more common with advanced age.

Conclusions

In this study, a good proportion of patients progressed to chronic pancreatitis and diabetes within 5 years after surviving acute pancreatitis.