bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence Of Alcohol Consumption In First-Year Romanian Medical Students And Its Association With Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Gherbon Adriana , Timar Romulus , Frandes Mirela , Nicula Marioara , Dronca Dorel , Ahmadi Mirela
Published: June 2021

Alcohol is the third risk factor for premature disease and death for the general population of the European Union (EU) after smoking and high blood pressure. In the case of young people, they consume alcohol based on the desire to explore, sometimes associating it with recreational drugs use, thus increasing the risk of negative consequences. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of alcohol consumption and its association with other cardiovascular risk factors in first-year medical students. The studied lot consisted of 434 first-year medical students, 30.18% boys, and 69.82% girls, with the mean age of 19.48 ± 0.53 years. The methods included the administration of a questionnaire (CORT 2004 questionnaire on health risk behaviors in first-year medical students) for assessing both alcohol consumption and stress state, as well as blood pressure determination, and anthropometric parameters. The prevalence of alcohol consumption among first-year medical students was 22.58%, with a net prevalence of male gender (57.25% M versus 7.59% F) (p <0.001, X2 = 129.02). The main reasons for alcohol consumption were the festive and official occasions and the desire to integrate into the group. People with whom they prefer to drink alcohol were friends, colleagues, and family. The age at which most people began to consume alcohol was 13-14 years old, and the favorite drink was beer among boys and wine among the girls. Regarding the cardiovascular risk factors, positive correlations were obtained between alcohol and smoking, increased consumption of bread, sedentary lifestyle, and increased body mass index. Students need to be educated from the first year of study on the long-term consequences of alcohol consumption related to the development of the cardiovascular disease, and further studies are needed to see if educational programs really reduce the prevalence of alcohol consumption.
The Automation Of Robotic Processes In Jordanian Banks: Obstacles And Applications
Authors: Zuhair Al-abedallat Abedalfattah , Jaafreh Ali Bakhit , Alshbib Duraid Kamel
Published: June 2021

Abstract This paper focuses on identifying the impact of technical and financial obstacles to the applications and expansion of the smart branches of banks in Jordan. This, however, depends on the Automation of Robotic Processes to identify the reality of applying smart branches in the world, including Jordan. The study employed a sample of 100 employees selected in an equal random manner from 25 Jordanian banks. With its spreading strands, multiple linear regression was used to test the hypotheses of the study. The study concluded that the expansion of banks of smart branches (robots) contributes to reducing operational cost and increasing the bank's profits by reducing the cost of banking service, enhancing its quality, increasing the market share of banks, and reducing the technical and financial obstacles that have a significant impact on the expansion of the smart branches of banks. The study recommended the importance of the development of smart branches of banks in Jordan due to its benefits in reducing the costs of the provided banking service. This contributes to increasing its profits. Also, banks should hold specialized training courses for bank workers on how to use the new technology. Banks should also allocate funds needed to create the essential infrastructure for the smart branch Applications of Artificial Intelligence, as this has an impact in achieving competitive advantage.
Tarjih Maqashidi of Granting Remission for Terrorist Convict in Indonesia
Authors: Aprilianto Dwi , Zahidi Salman
Published: June 2021

The problem of the deradicalization policy of terrorist convicts is in the regulation of granting remissions for terrorism convicts because terrorist convicts can manipulate the conditions for granting remission to pretend to be good and cooperative (taqiyah) during their criminal period in prison, so that they can quickly gain freedom and return to the network. This empirical research was processed descriptively.  Data collection was carried out through field research at the Class I Lapas Surabaya prison and Class II B Lamongan prison through a phenomenological approach, interpretive paradigm, and tarjih maqashidiy analysis. This study concludes that granting remissions to terrorism convicts has a more significant advantage (maslahah) than eliminating remissions on the grounds of extraordinary crimes. Providing the opportunity to change behavior is better prioritized than providing punishment without any attempt to change the behavior of terrorist prisoners with the maximum penalty.(Salah satu problematika yang muncul dari kebijakan deradikalisasi narapidana terorisme adalah aturan perihal pemberian remisi bagi narapidana terorisme dengan syarat kelakuan baik dan kooperatif (taqiyah) selama menjalani masa pidana. Padahal, mereka bisa berpur-pura baik agar segera keluar dari penjara dan kembali ke jaringan lamanya. Penelitian empiris ini diolah secara deskriptif sementara pengumpulan datanya dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara di Lapas Kelas I Surabaya dan Kelas II B Lamongan dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, paradigma interpretif, dan analisis tarjih maqashidi. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemberian remisi pada narapidana terorisme memberikan keuntungan yang lebih signifikan (maslahah) dibanding menghapus kebijakan tersebut dengan alasan kejahatan luar biasa yang dilakukan narapidana. Memberikan kesempatan mereka untuk berubah lebih baik dianggap lebih utama dan layak diprioritaskan dibanding memberi hukuman maksimal tanpa usaha apapun untuk mengubah perilakunya.)
THE PHENOMENON OF DISASTROUS PROGRESS IN THE LIGHT OF CONSERVATIVE BIOETHICS
Authors: Smirnov K. S. , Korobko E. V.
Published: June 2021

The phenomenon of the disastrous progress is analyzed in the article. This one is conditioned by the development of technoscience having biocapitalism behind it. The essence of the disastrous progress is that so-called digitalization leads to the rise of digital civilization, which is giving opportunities for the total control, new, technological form of slavery and even optimization of the size of "useless" people. As the alternative of the disastrous progress the bioethical discourse in the form of conservative bioethics is proposed. This one is considered as new philosophy. Using deconstructive approach one is demonstrating that conservative bioethics is the study about human as spiritual creature, who is connected with life as net structure just in this dimension. Thus, conservative bioethics is interpreted as radical ethics of the preservation of life, which is able to block the destructive tendency of the modern progress
INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AT RUSSIAN MEDICAL SCHOOL: THE ETHICS OF COMMUNICATION BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Alshuk N. A.
Published: June 2021

The development of ethical standards for future doctors is one of the main goals of higher medical education. It is especially important for students from different countries studying together. But if in ordinary times the determinants of moral relationships are obvious and successfully implemented, in the "Covid era", when many international students were isolated from each other and from the university due to the closed borders, self-isolation, quarantine and switched to distance learning, it became extremely difficult to solve the problem of ethical meaning of communication [1]. In order to identify the main directions of work in this area, we

applied the focus group method, inviting as experts not those students who are studying at the university now, but our international graduates from different years and those who worked with them, so that they could compare the former and the current, not yet fully formed, models of higher medical education.
Methods for Classification of Text Data: Can the Potential of Quantitative Analysis Be Applied to Qualitative Research?
Authors: Aleksandrova Marina
Published: June 2021

Text mining has developed rapidly in recent years. In this article we compare classification methods that are suitable for solving problems of predicting item nonresponse. The author builds reasoning about how the analysis of textual data can be implemented in a wider research field based on this material. The author considers a number of metrics adapted for textual analysis in the social sciences: accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and gives examples that can help a sociologist figure out which of them is worth paying attention depending on the task at hand (classify text data with equal accuracy, or more fully describe one of the classes of interest). The article proposes an analysis of results obtained by analyzing texts based on the materials of the European Social Survey (ESS).
La discapacidad y los medios de comunicación en Ecuador: una relación basada en derechos humanos
Authors: Bolaños Moreno Mónica Estefanía
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo hace referencia al papel central que ejercen los medios de comunicación en la sociedad. En este contexto, es preciso que aquellos ofrezcan una percepción adecuada y apegada a la realidad, lo cual involucra el abordaje de la discapacidad y los derechos de las personas que se encuentran en esa condición. Este trabajo principalmente hace una prospección bibliográfica que da cuenta de las tendencias, fortalezas y desafíos de los contenidos de los medios de comunicación. La lectura de este trabajo se vuelve enriquecedora para quien quiera acercarse al estudio de la discapacidad y de los medios de comunicación como cuestión de derechos humanos, lo cual permitirá a su vez, que este artículo esté mucho más cercano a la realidad ecuatoriana.
MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS AND FEATURES OF THE TOPOGRAPHY OF HUMAN PERINEAL BODY
Authors: Kolsanov Aleksandr V. , Chemidronov Sergey N. , Kornilov Vadim D. , Suvorova Galina N.
Published: June 2021

In modern specialized literature, there is practically no information about the shape, size and topography of one of the most important formations of the perineum - of the perineal body. Knowledge of the anatomical aspects of the structure and location of the perineal center would allow in the future to reduce the postoperative complications associated with unintentional damage. The question of the morphology of the perineal body and associated muscles in clinical practice in obstetric traumatism remains relevant. The aim of the study was to study the morphometric parameters and features of the topography of the human perineal body. The objects of the study were 50 autopsy cases of people aged 60-87 years, 25 of each sex, who died from causes not related to the pathology of the pelvic organs. In each case, the perineal body, location of its center and associated muscles were identified. Methods of classical anatomical preparation, description and statistical analysis were used in the work. As a result of the work, five forms of the perineal body were identified: cruciform, «hourglass», triangular, round, polygonal. There were also cases where it was not possible to determine the shape of the intersection of the fibers. For men, the most common triangular shape, for women - the shape of an «hourglass». In most cases in which the shape of the intersection of the fibers was determined, there were clearly identifiable tendon fibers, that is, the tendinal center of the perineal body was present. The average area of ​​the tendinal center of the perineal body in women was 0.99±0.47 cm², and in men 0.94±0.32 cm². The ratio of cases of displacement of the tendinal center towards the right or left ischial tuberosities is almost equal to 10 cases towards the right ischial tuberosity and 11 cases towards the left. When evaluating the pubo-coccygeal asymmetry, in most cases with a triangular shape, there is a sharp displacement towards the apex of the coccyx. Also, the authors found that the average area of ​​the tendinal center of the perineal body is larger in women than in men. Thus, the human perineal body has a variety of forms, according to the authors, associated not only with the embryological features of the development of the muscles of the perineum, but also with the lifestyle, a history of diseases and surgical interventions in the area of ​​the tendinal center of the perineal body.
X-RAY OSTEOMETRY OF SOME LINE PARAMETERS OF THE MIDDLE PHALANGES OF THE HAND IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN TERM OF DIFFERENT AGE AND ETHNICITY
Authors: Matyushechkin Sergei V. , Mikryukova Nadezhda N.
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of the linear parameters of the length and width of the diaphysis of the middle phalanges in children and adolescents of Tajikistan and Western India, and also the possibility of using these linear parameters to establish the age of children of the compared ethnic groups. On 325 radiographs of the right hand in male children and adolescents of the Kanibadam region of the Republic of Tajikistan and the city of Mumbai (Western India) at the age of 6-17 years, the length of the middle phalanges and the width of their diaphysis were determined. To determine the relationship between the age of children of the compared ethnic groups and the linear parameters of the length and width of the shaft of the phalanges, Spearman's nonparametric correlation coefficient was used. Comparative assessment of the values ​​of indicators by age was carried out by the method of parametric and non-parametric analysis. In boys of Tajikistan, the closest correlation was established between the age of children and the length of the middle phalanx of the third finger, while in their Indian peers this ratio was determined evenly for the II-IV fingers of the hand. The width of the diaphysis of the phalanges of the fourth finger increased most significantly with age in boys of Tajikistan, and in the Indians, the width of the third finger, the smallest increase in the width of the diaphysis in the compared groups was determined for the phalanges of the second finger. The linear parameters of the middle phalanges of the hand can be used to identify the age of children and adolescents in Tajikistan and Western India at the age of 6-17 years. For Tajik children, the best predictor of age is the linear parameter of the length of the middle phalanx of the index, and for their Indian peers, the length of the middle phalanx of the II-IV fingers is equally.
Improving Music Streaming Services Through Metadata: Case Study from JOOX Indonesia
Authors: Noor Muhammad Usman , Askariyyah Wihdah
Published: June 2021

Background of this Study: This article examines how digital music handled on music streaming services, JOOX Indonesia in particular.
Purposes: The aims was to bring insight that metadata management skill could help an enhancement over music streaming services through metadata and to improve the user experience when using music streaming services. 
Method:A single case study is chosen as the research method for this paper. The researcher did three months internship to see how the music file handled on the back end of JOOX. Semi-structured qualitative interviews and documentary analysis were used to collect and triangulate the qualitative data.
Findings: The result shows JOOX using its operational self-possession procedures to handle its digital music file and using its own metadata standard with adaptation from music metadata standard. JOOX has a feature that utilizes music lyric. We found that lyric metadata embedded as a distinct entity on their backend system. Since lyric frequently used by the user as an access point when they do the retrieval, we propose to embed lyric as a field on music metadata to improve search result.
Conclusion: These research shows are lyric as the essential part when users enjoy the music in music streaming services. By embed lyric on music metadata, lyric could be able as an access point for retrieval. Moreover, lyric as metadata could be part of music digital file handling.
Sexual experiences of girls engaged in child marriage: A review of qualitative
Authors: Kamilah Farhah , Rosa Elsye Maria
Published: June 2021

Child marriage cases appear to occur in children between 15 and 18 years of age. Girls who are forced into marriage show fear of having sex with their husbands because they are foreign to this situation. Previous research has shown that child marriage causes trauma to girls due to forced sexual intercourse. This study aims to explore sexual aspects from the perspective of married girls. This study uses 3 databases PubMed, EbscoHost, and Proquest. The main keywords are "child marriage", "early marriage", "Sexual", "Experience", and "Qualitative". The search for articles was carried out in accordance with the guidelines of PRISMA. The findings were 5 main themes from 15 articles. The findings are the desire to have children soon after marriage, delay of having children, husband and wife relationship in child marriage, lack of knowledge related to reproductive health, and powerlessness makes reproductive health decisions. The problem of the sexual aspect of child marriage makes it difficult for girls to live their married lives. Girls must quickly adapt to their role as wives and be able to meet everyone's marriage expectations in general. However, another case also explains that families and partners understand the condition of girls who are not ready to face this phase. The views of society and families build perceptions of child marriage, including the fulfillment of sexual needs therein.
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) as an effective supportive therapy for COVID-19 case with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and thrombophilia: A case report
Authors: Reviono Reviono , Arifin Arifin
Published: June 2021

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has rapidly spread and caused a high number of mortalities. To this day, effective therapy to cure this virus is yet to be found. A number of treatments were tested; however, the result is not satisfactory. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is one of the supportive therapies applied to treat COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe symptoms. We reported 41 years old male patient diagnosed with severe COVID-19 infection, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and thrombophilia. The patient received a therapy following the Ministry of Health’s guideline for COVID-19 handling. On the third day, respiratory failure occurred with a P/F ratio of 255 and the chest X-ray result showed vascular streak and ground-glass opacity; thus, the hospital decided to perform TPE. The TPE was performed twice in 5 days interval. After TPE was administered, clinical development is observed both subjectively in the form of reduced symptoms, normal respiration rate, and objectively, the improvement in blood gas analysis, increased O2 saturation, and a decrease in interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level significant clinical laboratory and radiological improvement possibly due to cytokine storm which is remedied by TPE action.
Recent Advances in Electrochemical Chitosan-Based Chemosensors and Biosensors: Applications in Food Safety
Authors: Petrucci Rita , Pasquali Mauro , Scaramuzzo Francesca Anna , Curulli Antonella
Published: June 2021

Chitosan is a biopolymer derived from chitin. It is a non-toxic, biocompatible, bioactive, and biodegradable polymer. Due to its properties, chitosan has found applications in several and different fields such as agriculture, food industry, medicine, paper fabrication, textile industry, and water treatment. In addition to these properties, chitosan has a good film-forming ability which allows it to be widely used for the development of sensors and biosensors. This review is focused on the use of chitosan for the formulation of electrochemical chemosensors. It also aims to provide an overview of the advantages of using chitosan as an immobilization platform for biomolecules by highlighting its applications in electrochemical biosensors. Finally, applications of electro-chemical chitosan-based chemosensors and biosensors in food safety are illustrated
Bell-Inequality and Two Slit Experiments: Comparing Misapplication of Classical Probability by Feynman and Bell
Authors: Khrennikov Andrei
Published: June 2021

We start with the discussion on misapplication of classical probability theory by Feynman in his analysis of the two slit experiment (by following the critical argumentation of Koopman, Ballentine, and the author of this paper). The seed of Feynman's conclusion on the impossibility to apply the classical probabilistic description for the two slit experiment is treatment of conditional probabilities corresponding to different experimental contexts as unconditional ones. Then we move to the Bell type inequalities. Bell applied classical probability theory in the same manner as Feynman and, as can be expected, he also obtained the impossibility statement. In contrast to Feynman, he formulated his no-go statement not in the probabilistic terms, but by appealing to nonlocality. This note can be considered as a part of the author's attempts for getting rid off nonlocality from quantum physics.
Interventions and Strategies to Improve Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes among Adolescents Living in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Meherali Salima , Rehmani Mehnaz , Ali Sonam , Lassi Zohra S
Published: June 2021

Adolescent’s access to quality Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights interventions has been a major issue in most of the low- to middle-income countries (LMICs) across the globe. This systematic review aims to identify the relevant community and school-based interventions that can be implemented in -LMICs to promote adolescent’s sexual and reproductive health and rights outcomes. We identified 54 studies and our review findings suggest that Adolescent’s Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (ASRHR) educational interventions, provision of financial incentives, and provision of comprehensive -post-abortion family planning services are effective in increasing adolescent’s knowledge on ASRHR, attitude towards ASRHR, uptake of ASRHR services, contraception and decreased unwanted pregnancy rates among young women. However, we found inconclusive and limited evidence on the effectiveness of the interventions to improve violence prevention and adolescent behaviors towards safe sexual practices. More rigorous studies with long-term follow-ups are needed to assess the effectiveness of such interventions.
In Utero Exposure to 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Leads to Postnatal Catch-up Growth and Dysmetabolism in the Adult Rat Liver
Authors: Oke Shelby Louise , Lee Kendrick , Papp Rosemary , Laviolette Steven R. , Hardy Daniel B.
Published: June 2021

Rates of gestational cannabis use have increased despite limited evidence for its safety in fetal life. Recent animal studies demonstrate that prenatal exposure to 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (9-THC, the psychoactive component of cannabis) promotes intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), culminating in postnatal metabolic deficits. Given IUGR is associated with impaired hepatic function, we hypothesized that 9-THC offspring would exhibit hepatic dyslipidemia. Pregnant Wistar rat dams received daily injections of vehicular control or 3 mg/kg 9-THC i.p. from embryonic day (E) 6.5 through E22. Exposure to 9-THC decreased the liver to body weight ratio at birth, followed by catch-up growth by three weeks of age. At six months, 9-THC-exposed male offspring exhibited increased visceral adiposity and higher hepatic triglycerides. This was instigated by augmented expression of enzymes involved in triglyceride synthesis (ACC, SCD, FABP1, and DGAT2) at three weeks. Furthermore, the expression of hepatic DGAT1/DGAT2 was sustained at six months, concomitant with mitochondrial dysfunction (i.e., elevated p66shc) and oxidative stress. Interestingly, decreases in miR-203a-3p and miR-29a/b/c, both implicated in dyslipidemia, was also observed in these 9-THC-exposed offspring. Collectively, these findings indicate that prenatal 9-THC exposure results in long-term dyslipidemia associated with enhanced hepatic lipogenesis. This is attributed by mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetic mechanisms.
Comparative Study: Analyzing Translation Technique of Taboo Expressions in Deadpool 2 by Google Play Movie & TV Translator and Subscene.com Translator
Authors: Ariani Kurnia Tri
Published: June 2021

This is descriptive-qualitative research which focuses on the analysis of the translation of taboo expressions on the movie entitled Deadpool 2 and aims to find out (i) the types of taboo expressions in the movie and (ii) the techniques used by two different translators from different platforms to translate taboo expressions.

 A total of 167 data of taboo expressions were found in the movie which were classified into eight categories including sexual references (41%), offensive slang (25%), profanity or blasphemy (11%), scatological references and disgusting object (10%), insulting references to perceived psychological, physical, or social deviations (7%), animal names (2%), ancestral allusions (2%), and ethnic-racial-gender slurs (1%). The analysis of translation technique by the two translators shows that in total there are eleven translation techniques, namely maintaining with the same lexical items, maintaining with different lexical items, mitigating with same lexical items, mitigating with different lexical items, generalization, deletion, translating to proper interjection, euphemism, reformulation, substitution and literal translation. The findings provide useful data within descriptive translation studies; nevertheless, they cannot be generalized since the study is limited by relatively small data
THE NEEDS OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFORMATION IN FRENCH LITERATURE LEARNING
Authors: Dewi Evi Rosyani , Lustyantie Ninuk , Isnan Fathurrahman Nur
Published: June 2021

The development of technology has a real impact on the development of education. Education must be able to adapt to be more better, one of which is learning French literature. This study aims to determine learners' perceptions of the need for technology implementation in French literature learning. This study used a survey method with a qualitative descriptive approach. The findings show that from 90 respondents, 37.9% were strongly agreed, 56.6% were agreed, 5.0% were neutral, 0.1% were disagreed, and 0.3% were strongly disagree with the need for technology implementation in French literature teaching and learning activities. Based on these findings, the implementation of technology is a must and even a necessity in learning French literature
GOFOOD AND GOJEK APP: FORM OF TRAVERSAL WORLD DOMINATION
Authors: Sri Kusuma Winahyu
Published: June 2021

Social life always presents endless discourse of phenomenon. In the era of the birth of Generation Z, also born the fact that traversal world has started to become a “new footing” in human life. Beginning with traditional text forms, multimodal text, and hypermodal texts, hypertext is now so massively developing in society. Without realizing, It is able to build power over its users. This power is reflected in layers of links that are read through hypertext semiotic classifications. This study discusses the hypertextualized Gojek online applications with their content, Gofood. This application is part or example of the traversal genre. The hypertext semiotic which was initiated by Lemke based on hypertext semantic analogy by Halliday, carried out at the first discussion stage. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out using Fairclough's critical discourse analysis as a transdisciplinary analysis stage in the second discussion. The results of the study show that the form of dominance of the power of this online application that can be seen from the meaning of its semiotic classification, namely presentational, orientational, and organizational. Meanwhile, the relationship that appears from the application with social life clearly shows that the traversal world has dominated and control the lives of today's people.
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Jumlah Korban Meninggal Akibat Banjir dengan Pendekatan Model Zero Inflated Poisson
Authors: Permatasari Novia , Wahyudi Nashir
Published: June 2021

Bencana banjir merupakan bencana alam dengan total kejadian serta kematian yang lebih tinggi dibanding bencana alam hidrometeorologi lainnya di Indonesia. Terdapat banyak faktor yang memengaruhi jumlah kematian akibat banjir, salah satunya adalah tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan metode Zero Inflated Poisson guna mengetahui faktor-faktor kesejahteraan masyarakat yang memengaruhi jumlah korban meninggal akibat banjir di Indonesia tahun 2020. Dengan menggunakan metode zero-inflated poisson, kita dapat mengatasi masalah overdispersi akibat terlalu banyak nilai nol pada variabel dependen, serta mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh variabel kesejahteraan masyarakat terhadap jumlah korban meninggal akibat banjir. Faktor kesejahteraan masyarakat tersebut terdiri atas karakteristik demografi dan lingkungan sekitar. Berdasarkan hasil, diketahui bahwa untuk kelompok karakteristik demografi, faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap jumlah korban banjir adalah proporsi penduduk berstatus menikah dan proporsi penduduk perempuan. Sedangkan, untuk kelompok lingkungan sekitar korban, faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh adalah kondisi lantai, angka kesakitan, angka ketergantungan, dan pendapatan perkapita.
Own the Fall
Authors: Anderson Paul A. , Magaziner Jay S. , Mendelson Daniel Ari , Switzer Julie A.
Published: June 2021

Falls are the most common cause of injury to older patients, resulting in >3 million emergency room visits per year and 290,000 hip fractures annually in the United States. Orthopaedic surgeons care for the majority of these patients; however, they are rarely involved in the assessment of fall risk and providing prevention strategies. Falls also occur perioperatively (e.g., in patients with arthritis and those undergoing arthroplasty). Preoperatively, up to 40% of patients awaiting joint arthroplasty sustain a fall, and 20% to 40% have a fall postoperatively. Risk factors for falls include intrinsic factors such as age and comorbidities that are not modifiable as well as extrinsic factors, including medication reconciliation, improvement in the environment, and the management of modifiable comorbidities that can be optimized. Simple in-office fall assessment tools are available that can be adapted for the orthopaedic practice and be used to identify patients who would benefit from rehabilitation. Orthopaedic surgeons should incorporate these strategies to improve care and to reduce fall risk and associated adverse events.
Community Policing in Nigeria: Rationale, Principles, and Practice
Authors: Onyeozili Emmanuel C. , Agozino Biko , Agu Augustine , Ibe Patrick
Published: June 2021

“In this era of Covid-19, enlightened policing is of special urgency. The authors of Community Policing in Nigeria provide us invaluable guidelines to attain this.” —Gloria Emeagwali, Central Connecticut State University “Community Policing in Nigeria is well timed, especially when Nigeria is descending into a state of security failure. Not only do the authors trace the history of policing in Nigeria, they offer comprehensive strategies for community policing that would help Nigeria maintain peace and order, as well as prevent and apprehend the various kinds of criminal elements that menace the streets of the country. Most important, the book demonstrates that acceptable policing practices were bracketed and ubiquitously practiced in regions of Nigeria before the European invasion and the subsequent introduction of a state militarized police system. This book is a must-read for policy-makers and Nigeria’s educational sectors.” —Ihekwoaba Declan Onwudiwe, Texas Southern University
Survive, Revive, Thrive: Chapter 8: Trade Winds
Authors: Blasingame Tom
Published: June 2021

Aging is not lost youth, but a new stage of opportunity and strength. - Betty Friedan, American feminist, 1921-2006 (Cofounder of the National Organization for Women)

Where Are We Going?

If one does not know to which port one is sailing, no wind is favorable. - Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Roman statesman, 4 BC-65 AD

The most challenging aspect of creating a monthly column is to try to balance mission (i.e., long-term strategy), contemporary events (i.e., things happening now), and the urgent (i.e., news you need to know). This column will have a bit of all three.

I chose “trade winds” as the theme for this article. As every sailor knows, you must tack to where the wind is, not where you want it to be. I know that every student and Young Professional is waiting for the wind to align with their path. Frankly, I cannot promise that will happen anytime soon, but I can promise it will happen.

To borrow a phrase, “patience or pivot” is on everyone’s mind right now. What I would point out is that we have already done both; we have been patient and we have pivoted. I believe that our pivot has been to see the strength and missions of our industry as never before. This is not just in terms of the financial recovery that will significantly enhance activity across all sectors of our industry, but also the impact of having secure and cost-effective energy to power that economy and to provide so many direct benefits to society.

My goal as SPE President is to ensure that every initiative that can be considered is considered, that every member feels valued, that their voice is heard, and most of all, that we collectively and proactively work to build the future of our industry.

As an adolescent, a family member once told me that “sentimentality is the worst investment advisor.” Obviously, this advice was given as I was about to invest in something stupid and my family member used it as a moment to educate me. I confess it took a while to sink in, but it is true. We must be realistic about the value generated by our investments in life (e.g., time, education, personal relationships, and of course, money). SPE must make investments to remain relevant, and frankly, I need your support to ensure those investments are both wise and appropriate.
Dynamic Simulation in Deep Water Enhances Operations From Design to Production
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: June 2021

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30838, “Shell Appomattox Model-Based Operations From Design to Production: A Game Changer in Gulf of Mexico Deepwater Operation,” by Robert Tulalian, Shell, and Evan Keever and Ankur Rastogi, Kongsberg, prepared for the 2020 Offshore Technology Conference, originally scheduled to be held in Houston, 4–7 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.

The complete paper discusses how large operations such as Appomattox in the Gulf of Mexico’s deepwater Norphlet formation can use an integrated dynamic simulation-based solution throughout the project life cycle to aid in design verification, operator training, startup support, and real-time surveillance. The authors write that their recommendations and findings can be applied to similar project implementation efforts elsewhere in the industry.

Introduction

The Appomattox development spans Mississippi Canyon Blocks 348, 391, 392, and 393. Peak production rates are estimated to be approximately 175,000 BOE/D, with water injection planned for the future to support reservoir pressures. Appomattox includes a combined cycle steam system, using process waste heat to generate steam. This steam can be used to drive a generator, providing extra power for the facility. The Appomattox facility can be seen in Fig. 1.

A multipurpose dynamic simulator (MPDS) was developed to address the inherent complexities of the Appomattox system, providing a high-fidelity integrated model that simulates both top-sides and subsea process conditions. This model was integrated with the Appomattox control system and deployed in a setup to mimic the offshore control room, creating a realistic training environment for operators. The MPDS was completed over 1 year before first oil, providing ample time for operator training and other use cases such as distributed-control-system (DCS) checkout and engineering studies.

Because of the success of the MPDS, the operator applied the existing Appomattox model to the operation phase through the creation of a real-time surveillance system (RTS). Connecting the process model to the facility’s historian by open-platform communications (OPC) enables the RTS to serve as a virtual copy of the live facility, mimicking process conditions in real time. This enables the RTS to serve as a platform for useful surveillance applications such as virtual flow metering, blockage detection, and equipment-performance monitoring.

Process Model Development

Once the decision to build an MPDS was made, the project team determined which systems would be included in the scope of the model as well as what data would be used for input and validation. Because the MPDS would be used for both engineering and operations use, most systems were included in the scope and modeled at high fidelity to maximize potential benefits.
Drilling Dynamics, Mechanical Specific Energy Data Help Drill Record Extended-Reach Well
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: June 2021

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 203335, “Using MSE and Downhole Drilling Dynamics in Achieving a Record Extended-Reach Well Offshore Abu Dhabi,” by Nashat Abbas and Jamal Al Nokhatha, ADNOC, and Luis Salgado, Halliburton, et al., prepared for the 2020 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, held virtually 9–12 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Complex extended-reach-drilling (ERD) wells often present challenges with regard to geological aspects of data requirement and transmittal, reactive geosteering response times, and accuracy of well placement. Such scenarios may require innovative approaches in Middle East carbonate reservoirs. The objective of the complete paper is to illustrate that, by assessing the details of reservoir geology and key operational markers relevant for best practices, drilling approaches can be customized for each reservoir or scenario.

Reservoir Background and Geology

The planned reservoir section is a single horizontal of approximately 25,000-ft lateral length at a spacing of 250 m from adjacent injectors. The well was drilled from an artificial island. Field A, a shallow-water oil field, is the second-largest offshore field and the fourth-largest field in the world.

Horizontal drilling was introduced in 1989, and an extensive drilling campaign has been implemented since then using steerable drilling technologies. This study is concerned only with wells drilled to develop Reservoir B in Field A, which contributes to the main part of initial oil in place and production.

The thick limestone reservoir is subdivided into six porous layers, labeled from shallow to deep as A, B, C, D, E, and F. Each porous layer is separated by thin, low-porosity stylolites. The reservoir sublayer B, consisting of approximately 18-ft-thick calcareous limestones, was selected as the target zone for the 25,420-ft horizontal section.

ERD, constructed on artificial islands, began on 2014 with a measured depth (MD)/true vertical depth (TVD) ratio approaching 2.2:1 or 2.4:1. A recent ERD well, Well A, was drilled at the beginning of 2020 with a MD/TVD ratio of 5:1. This value is a clear indication of progressively increasing challenges since the start of the project.

Mechanical specific energy (MSE) has long been used to evaluate and enhance the rate of penetration (ROP); however, its use as an optimization tool in ERD wells has not been equally significant. This may have been mostly because of historical use of surface-measured parameters, which do not necessarily indicate the energy required to destroy the rock, particularly in ERD wells. Using optimization tools as part of the bottomhole assembly (BHA) downhole close to the bit provides actual weight-on-bit (WOB) and torque-on-bit (TOB) applied to the drilling bit to destroy the rock and, thus, results in more-representative MSE measurements to optimize drilling parameters and ROP in ERD wells.
ICAT Promotes Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation, Invasion, Migration and Epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal Transition Through HPV16 E6, E7/ miR-23b-3p/ ICAT Axis
Authors: Hu Jing , Sun Zijiu , Wang Hui , Ren Wei , Fang Yuting , Hu Kai , Yu Huomei , Liao Deyu , Liu Shiyan , Zhou Lan , He Tongchuan , Zhang Yan
Published: June 2021

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 plays a crucial role in cervical cancer (CC) development. Previous study reported that inhibitor of β-catenin and TCF (ICAT) is upregulated in CC and promotes cervical tumor progression. Herein, we aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism that HPV16 regulates the expression of ICAT and promotes the CC development. Methods: The expressions of HPV 16 E6, E7 and ICAT were modulated by small interfering RNA and recombinant adenovirus, respectively. qRT-PCR was conducted to detect the mRNA expression of HPV 16 E6, E7, ICAT and miR-23b-3p in SiHa and CasKi cells. Bioinformatics analysis was utilized to predict the potential miRNAs that could bind to the ICAT 3′ untranslated region. Then, the dual luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm that. Cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK-8 assay. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to observe migration and invasion abilities. Protein expressions were measured with western blot. Results: Results revealed that after knocking down of HPV16 E6, E7, the expression of ICAT decreased, but the expression of miR-23b-3p increased. Besides, miR-23b-3p negatively modulated ICAT expression in HPV16 positive CC cells. Dual luciferase assays confirmed that ICAT was a target gene of miR-23b-3p. Functional experiments showed that the overexpression of miR-23b-3p suppressed malignant behaviors of SiHa and CasKi cells, such as migration, invasion and EMT. Importantly, the overexpression of ICAT counteracted the suppressive effect of miR-23b-3p on HPV16 positive cervical cancer cell. Furthermore, after the knockdown of HPV16 E6 and E7, the inhibition of miR-23b-3p could increase the ICAT expression and rescue the siRNA HPV16 E6, E7-mediated suppressive impact on the aggressiveness of SiHa and CasKi cells.Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that HPV 16 E6, E7/miR-23b-3p/ ICAT axis plays an important role in HPV16 positive CC pathogenesis, which may serve as a promising therapy target for HPV 16-associated cervical cancer.
Functional and diffusion MRI reveal the neurophysiological basis of neonates’ noxious-stimulus evoked brain activity
Authors: Baxter Luke , Moultrie Fiona , Fitzgibbon Sean , Aspbury Marianne , Mansfield Roshni , Bastiani Matteo , Rogers Richard , Jbabdi Saad , Duff Eugene , Slater Rebeccah
Published: June 2021

Understanding the neurophysiology underlying neonatal responses to noxious stimulation is central to improving early life pain management. In this neonatal multimodal MRI study, we use resting-state and diffusion MRI to investigate inter-individual variability in noxious-stimulus evoked brain activity. We observe that cerebral haemodynamic responses to experimental noxious stimulation can be predicted from separately acquired resting-state brain activity (n=18). Applying this prediction model to independent Developing Human Connectome Project data (n=215), we identify negative associations between predicted noxious-stimulus evoked responses and white matter mean diffusivity. These associations are subsequently confirmed in the original noxious stimulation paradigm dataset, validating the prediction model. Here, we observe that noxious-stimulus evoked brain activity in healthy neonates is coupled to resting-state activity and white matter microstructure, that neural features can be used to predict responses to noxious stimulation, and that the dHCP dataset could be utilised for future exploratory research of early life pain system neurophysiology.
Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture in An Elderly Patient With Polytrauma
Authors: Le Son Thanh , Nguyen Hoe Trong , Ho Thanh Chi , Tiep Nguyen Van
Published: June 2021

Case presentation:
We report a case of an 80-year-old woman presented to our hospital 2 hours after a traffic accident with multiple injuries: blunt chest injury, rib fractures, pulmonary laceration, right pneumothorax, pleural effusion, right lower lobe atelectasis, right diaphragmatic rupture causing intrathoracic intestinal herniation, blunt abdominal trauma, grade III liver rupture, spine injury with L1, L2 transverse process fractures. An emergency surgery was performed to drain the fluid and air in the pleural cavity, evacuate the hernia organs, and repair the diaphragmatic injury. The postoperative source was uneventful and she was discharged after 20 days.
Conclusion
Early diagnosis of diaphragmatic rupture in polytrauma requires the combination of clinical examination, chest X-ray, and CT scanner. Favorable outcomes can be achieved with early surgical interventions.
Incremental Velocity Error As A New Treatment In Vestibular Rehabilitation (INVENT VPT Trial): Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial
Authors: Ervin Ann Margret , Schubert Michael , Migliaccio Americo , Perin Jamie , Coulibaly Hamadou , Millar Jennifer L. , Roberts Dale , Shelhamer Mark , Gold Daniel , Beauregard Stephanie , Pinto Robin , Brungart Douglas , Ward Bryan
Published: June 2021

Background: A clinical pattern of damage to the auditory, visual, and vestibular sensorimotor systems, known as multi-sensory impairment, affects a significant percent of the US population. Within the population of US military service members exposed to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), 15 – 44% will develop multi-sensory impairment following a mild traumatic brain injury. In the US civilian population, multi-sensory impairment related symptoms are also a common sequela of damage to the vestibular system and affect ~ 300-500/100,000 population. Vestibular rehabilitation is recognized as a critical component of the management of multi-sensory impairment. Unfortunately, the current clinical practice guidelines for the delivery of vestibular rehabilitation are not evidence-based and primarily rely on expert opinion. The focus of the INVENT VPT trial is gaze stability training, which represents the unique component of vestibular rehabilitation. The aim of the INVENT VPT trial is to assess the efficacy of a non-invasive, incremental vestibular adaptation training device for normalizing the response of the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Methods: The INVENT VPT trial is a multicenter randomized controlled crossover trial in which military service members with mTBI and civilian patients with vestibular hypofunction are randomized to begin traditional vestibular rehabilitation or incremental vestibular adaptation and then cross over to the alternate intervention after a prescribed washout period. Vestibulo-ocular reflex function and other functional outcomes are measured to identify the best means to improve delivery of vestibular rehabilitation. We incorporate ecologically valid outcome measures that address the common symptoms experienced in those with vestibular pathology and multi-sensory impairment. Discussion: The INVENT VPT Trial will directly impact the health care delivery of vestibular rehabilitation in patients suffering from multi-sensory impairment in three critical ways: 1) Compare optimized traditional methods of vestibular rehabilitation to a novel device that is hypothesized to improve vestibulo-ocular reflex performance; 2) Isolate the ideal dosing of vestibular rehabilitation considering patient burden and compliance rates; 3) Examine whether recovery of the vestibulo-ocular reflex can be predicted in participants with vestibular symptoms. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03846830. Registered 20 February 2019,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03846830