bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Motion Space of Children in Autism Treatment Center of Malang City with TEACCH Approach (Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children)
Authors:   Department of Architecture, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya, Handajani Rinawati Pudji , Pramesti Rizky H ,   Department of Architecture, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: January 2021

The Autism Treatment Center in Malang City applies structured teaching-learning methods, namely the TEACCH approach (Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children) with four essential components: physical structure, schedule, work system, and visual structure. The four components are interrelated with each other so that the goal of helping the development of autistic children can be achieved. The physical structure is the first step to encourage the interest of autistic children. An excellent physical arrangement of space can minimize the tantrum effect of autistic children. Thus, this paper aims to research the space for autistic children with the TEACCH approach. This study used behavioral mapping in the form of person-centered mapping, place centered mapping, and physical trace that aims to determine the pattern of activity, furniture layout, and trace activities of autistic children during therapy activities. The results show the motion space mapping of autistic children.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan dan Fasilitas Day-Spa di Medan
Authors:   Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur, Institut Teknologi Medan, Syukrani Shafira Ayu , Setiawan M. Rezki ,   Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur, Institut Teknologi Medan, Triliasa Ferdiana Shinta ,   Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur, Institut Teknologi Medan, Rosta Dandi Nostiagi ,   Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur, Institut Teknologi Medan, Syahputra Imam Fauzan ,   Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur, Institut Teknologi Medan, Hadi Indra Kesuma ,   Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur, Institut Teknologi Medan, Amin Muhammad ,   Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur, Institut Teknologi Medan
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to find out the quality of services and Day-Spa facilities that correspond to user needs, especially Ubud Family Reflexology, De Spa, and Zengarden in Medan. In Medan City, day-spas are located are many located near shopping malls, elite settlements, office complex, and commercial areas. They are widely consumed by office executives, socialite mothers, college students, babies, and toddlers. In designing a spa building, it needs to observe and consider psychological users, especially consumers, it should be noted that facilities and privacy levels in the room are affecting consumer behavior. The research methods use interviewing, observing, and analyzing the document study. The results from this study indicate that day-spa buildings in Medan do not apply standard facilities and spa services.
Kriteria Rumah Tinggal Ideal Bagi Pengrajin Gerabah di Desa Panjangrejo, Kabupaten Bantul, D.I. Yogyakarta
Authors:   Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Pramudito Sidhi , Wismarani Yustina Banon ,   Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta
Published: January 2021

Panjangrejo village is a tourism village that located in Pundong sub-district, Bantul regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. This village is an area of pottery production centers where most of the villagers work as pottery craftsmen. This potential is also supported by the Regional Planning and Development Agency (Bappeda) and the Bantul Regency Tourism Office which establishes the village as one of the priority planning of 7 (seven) priority tourism villages in Bantul Regency in 2019. Research on the criteria of ideal housing can become one of the first steps to understanding the urge and needs of pottery craftsmen of houses. The purpose of this study is to determine the criteria that are the preferences of respondents about an ideal houses. This research uses a qualitative approach by collecting data through a questionnaire distributed to pottery craftsmen. Data analysis was performed by text data analysis. The results of the analysis showed that of the various criteria about the ideal houses, the dominant design criteria found were aspects of environmental health of the house, the form and finishing of the house, the spatial needs and relationships, and building construction. The results of this study are also expected to be used as input for Bappeda and the Bantul Regency Tourism Office if in the future they will carry out planning and design in Panjangrejo Tourism Village.
Landslide Susceptibility Assessment based on Information Value Model in Amzaz Watershed in Northern Morocco
Authors: EL-FENGOUR Abdelhak , Bateira Carlos , EL MOTAKI Hanifa , García Horacio
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to identify potential areas of landslides in the Amzaz watershed in northern Morocco with its precarious environmental balance using the Information Value (IV) Model. Van Westen (1994) defines bivariate methods as a modified form of the quantitative map combination with the exception that weightings are assigned based upon the statistical relationship between past landslides and various factor maps, individual factor maps (independent variable). A set of factor maps were overlaid with a landslide map (dependent variable) to create cross-tabulations for each one and class. The landslide inventory is used to result in the susceptibility maps for better mitigation of the risks and losses related to this phenomenon. The results demonstrated that the percentage of rotational landslides varies between 8.79 and 30.08%, and between 9.79 and 23.36% for translational slides susceptibility in the Amzaz watershed.
A Literature Review on Communication Levels to Develop Language-Based Augmentative and Alternative Communication Diagnostic Classification System in Korea
Authors: Shin Sangeun , Park HyunJu
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to develop a language-based augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) diagnostic classification system (LAAC-D) that can be used in the assessment and intervention phases of AAC for people with complex communication needs in Korea. A comprehensive literature review was conducted focusing on linguistic competence and the four major factors (intentionality, symbolic use, word combination, and grammatical complexity) that play essential roles in classifying communication and expressive language development stages. Seven pieces of literature reported communication levels that are being used for AAC diagnostic system. Among them, only one reflected all factors into the communication level. Most of the literature did not consider the grammatical complexity factor. After examining the characteristics and limitations of each literature, the LAAC-D was developed consolidating the evidence and reflecting the four factors. The characteristics and clinical implications of LAAC-D were discussed.
Mean-variance equilibrium asset-liability management strategy with cointegrated assets
Authors: Chiu Mei Choi
Published: January 2021

This paper investigates asset-liability management problems in a continuous-time economy. When the financial market consists of cointegrated risky assets, institutional investors attempt to make profit from the cointegration feature on the one hand, while on the other hand they need to maintain a stable surplus level, that is, the company’s wealth less its liability. Challenges occur when the liability is random and cannot be fully financed or hedged through the financial market. For mean–variance investors, an additional concern is the rational time-consistency issue, which ensures that a decision made in the future will not be restricted by the current surplus level. By putting all these factors together, this paper derives a closed-form feedback equilibrium control for time-consistent mean–variance asset-liability management problems with cointegrated risky assets. The solution is built upon the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman framework addressing time inconsistency.
doi: 10.1017/S1446181120000164
Development of Prediction Models for Acute Myocardial Infarction at Prehospital Stage with Machine Learning Based on a Nationwide Database (Preprint)
Authors: Choi Arom , Kim Min Joung , Sung Ji Min , Kim Sunhee , Lee Jayong , Hyun Heejung , Kim Ji Hoon , Chang Hyuk-Jae
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Since acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, the accurate evaluation of risk factors of AMI at prehospital stage enables appropriate prehospital management and rapid transportation of patients to the most appropriate hospital for treatment. The prediction of AMI derived from national database may accelerate early recognition and timely management to improve the survival rate.

OBJECTIVE

This study was conducted to develop and compare the efficacy of models for the prediction of AMI at a prehospital stage based on variables identified from a nationwide systematic emergency medical service (EMS) registry using conventional statistical methods and machine learning algorithms.

METHODS

From patients transferred from the public EMS to emergency departments in Korea from January 2016 to December 2018, patients with age >15 years in the EMS cardiovascular registry were enrolled. Two datasets were constructed according to the hierarchical structure of the EMS cardiovascular registry. For each dataset, several predictive models for AMI were derived and compared using conventional statistical methods and machine learning.

RESULTS

In total, 184,577 patients (Dataset 1) in the EMS cardiovascular registry were included in the final analysis. Among them, 72,439 patients (Dataset 2) were suspected to have AMI at a prehospital stage (as assessed by paramedics). Among the models derived using the conventional logistic regression method, the B-type model incorporated AMI-specific variables from the A-type model, and exhibited a superior discriminative ability (P = 0.02). The models that used extreme gradient boosting and multilayer perceptron yielded a higher predictive performance than that of the model derived based on conventional logistic regression for all analyses that used both datasets. Each machine learning algorithm yielded different classification lists regarding the 10 most important features.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that prediction models that use nationwide prehospital data and are developed with appropriate structures can improve the identification of patients who need timely AMI management.

CLINICALTRIAL
A population-based validation of a clinical age-based prognostic tool to predict survival in melanoma patients (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Yu-Jen , Chen Mingchih , Huang Yen Chun , Lee Tian-Shyug
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer, and the treatment can be challenging if the disease progresses to the metastatic stage. Depth of invasion is a good prognostic factor for predicting outcome. However, no good outcome prediction system that combines the staging system with other chronic systemic diseases is available to date. We investigated melanoma-related data from a population-based database and developed an outcome prediction tool for melanoma patients via machine learning.

OBJECTIVE

Build up a prediction tool for melanoma patients

METHODS

The clinical data of patients with melanoma were extracted from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database between 2008 and 2015 and were analysed in this study. Clinical data including demographic, pathologic, staging, and treatment data from melanoma patients over 18 years old were abstracted and collected. Prognostic factors were analyzed. Logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF) modelling, and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) were applied to calculate predicted overall survival (OS). A 5-fold cross-validation method was applied. Two age groups (≥64 years old as the older age group and <64 years old as the general population group) with different prognostic factors were identified, and prognostic models for survival outcomes were built.

RESULTS

A total of 3481 patients were enrolled in our study. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 92.2%, 80.1%, and 70.3%, respectively. The Cox proportional hazard model showed that older age, male sex, higher grade, higher clinical stage, larger tumour size, positive surgical margins, no surgical intervention, and a higher Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) were associated with higher hazard ratios. LR, RF, and MARS techniques were used to validate the overall survival without tracking time, the accuracy of the MARS model for the <64-year-old patients and ≥64-year-old patients was 90.4% and 80.7%, respectively, with 3-, and 5-year the accuracy of prediction models are 94% and 89.6%.

CONCLUSIONS

Machine learning techniques offer excellent survival prediction in melanoma patients. Age-based survival prediction models may be applied for better clinical decision making.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
CANreduce 2.0 Adherence-Focused Guidance for Internet Self-Help Among Cannabis Users: Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Baumgartner Christian , Schaub Michael Patrick , Wenger Andreas , Malischnig Doris , Augsburger Mareike , Walter Marc , Berger Thomas , Stark Lars , Ebert David Daniel , Keough Matthew T , Haug Severin
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Despite increasing demand for treatment among cannabis users in many countries, most users are not in treatment. Internet-based self-help offers an alternative for those hesitant to seek face-to-face therapy, though low effectiveness and adherence issues often arise.

OBJECTIVE

Through adherence-focused guidance enhancement, we aimed to increase adherence to and the effectiveness of internet-based self-help among cannabis users.

METHODS

From July 2016 to May 2019, cannabis users (n=775; male: 406/575, 70.6%, female: 169/575, 29.4%; age: mean 28.3 years) not in treatment were recruited from the general population and were randomly assigned to (1) an adherence-focused guidance enhancement internet-based self-help intervention with social presence, (2) a similar intervention with an impersonal service team, and (3) access to internet as usual. Controls who were placed on a waiting list for the full intervention after 3 months underwent an assessment and had access to internet as usual. The primary outcome measurement was cannabis-use days over the preceding 30 days. Secondary outcomes included cannabis-dependence severity, changes in common mental disorder symptoms, and intervention adherence. Differences between the study arms in primary and secondary continuous outcome variables at baseline, posttreatment, and follow-up were tested using pooled linear models.

RESULTS

All groups exhibited reduced cannabis-use days after 3 months (social presence: –8.2 days; service team: –9.8 days; internet as usual: –4.2 days). The participants in the service team group (P=.01, d=.60) reported significantly fewer cannabis-use days than those in the internet as usual group; the reduction of cannabis use in the social presence group was not significant (P=.07, d=.40). There was no significant difference between the 2 intervention groups regarding cannabis-use reduction. The service team group also exhibited superior improvements in cannabis-use disorder, cannabis-dependence severity, and general anxiety symptoms after 3 months to those in the internet as usual group.

CONCLUSIONS

The adherence-focused guidance enhancement internet-based self-help intervention with an impersonal service team significantly reduced cannabis use, cannabis-use disorder, dependence severity, and general anxiety symptoms.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN11086185; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11086185
The Exchange of Informational Support in Online Health Communities at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Jong Wesley , Liang Ou Stella , Yang Christopher C
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Online health communities (OHCs) provide social support for ongoing health-related problems. COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, has been an acute and substantial stressor worldwide. The disease and its impact, especially in the beginning phases, left many people with questions about the nature, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19. Unlike typical chronic ailments discussed on OHCs, which are more established, COVID-19, at least at the onset of the pandemic, is distinct in that it lacks a consensus of clinical diagnosis and an existing community foundation.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to investigate a newly formed OHC for COVID-19 to determine the topics and types of information exchange as well as the sources of information this community referenced during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

METHODS

A total of 357 posts from a COVID-19 OHC on the MedHelp platform were annotated according to an open-coding process. Participants’ engagement patterns, topics of posts, and sources of information were quantified.

RESULTS

Participants who offered informational support had a significantly higher percentage of responding more than once than those seeking information (P<.001). Among the information-seeking topics, symptoms and public health practice and psychological impacts were the most frequently discussed, with 26% (17/65) and 15% (10/65) of posts, respectively. Most informational support was expressed through feedback/opinion (181/220, 82.3%). Additionally, the most frequently referenced source of information was news outlets/websites, at 55% (11/20). Governmental websites were referenced less frequently.

CONCLUSIONS

The trends of this community could be useful in prioritizing public health responses to address the most common questions asked by the public during crisis communication and in identifying which venue of communication is most effective in reaching a public audience during such times.
Problematic smartphone use and anxiety in adolescents: survey study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Kyung Eun , Kim Kitai , Yee Jeong , Chung Jee Eun , Kim Joo Hee , Kim Hyun Jeong , Min Kyung Hyun , Han Ji Min , Gwak Hye Sun
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Smartphone overuse is a troubling issue to many, influencing psychological, social, and physical aspects.

OBJECTIVE

This study was conducted to investigate the association between risk of problematic smartphone use and anxiety in adolescents.

METHODS

A questionnaire-based observational study design was used. Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale was used to assess symptoms of anxiety, and Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale index was used to evaluate the degree of high-risk or potential-risk for problematic smartphone use.

RESULTS

Analyses were conducted on 1,733 adolescents, including 771 boys and 962 girls. 20.1% of the studied population was classified as high-risk or potential-risk group for problematic smartphone use. Risk of problematic smartphone use exhibited statistically significant effects on the total anxiety scale, as well as physiological anxiety, oversensitivity, and social concern (all P-values < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis suggested that higher anxiety scales were associated with the higher risk of problematic smartphone use, as well as following factors: poor self-reported health, fewer number of close friends, caffeine beverage consumption, female sex, and alcohol use.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results suggested that higher risk of problematic smartphone use was associated with anxiety. Thus, management of problematic smartphone use seems necessary for the enhancement of psychological health.
Farmers' Willingness to Pay for Bio-slurry Fertilizer in Central Java
Authors: Rachmah Malinda Aptika , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo
Published: January 2021

Bio-slurry is the residual product of biogas processing waste through the decomposition process without oxygen (anaerobic). Bio-slurry can be used as organic fertilizer for agricultural land. This study aims to: 1) assess the value of willingness to pay (WTP) for bio-slurry fertilizer, 2) find factors affecting farmer’s willingness to pay (WTP) of bio-slurry fertilizer. The research was carried out from January to February 2020 in Central Java. Determination of the location is purposive based on the farmers in Magelang and Demak Regency that have utilized biogas waste to be organic fertilizer and had been commercialized. Primary data were obtained from 80 farmers using purposive sampling, with the aid of questionnaire. Data analysis using contingent value method (CVM) to evaluate the farmer’s willingness to pay and logistic regression to analyze its determinant factors. The result showed that farmer’s willingness to pay (WTP) rate of bio-slurry fertilizer was IDR. 937,5/kg, which was above the market price. The determinant factors are farm income, education, price, and experience using organic fertilizer positively related to farmers’ willingness to pay bio-slurry fertilizer whereas land area negatively related to farmers’ willingness to pay bio-slurry fertilizer. The value of willingness to pay show the opportunity for bio-slurry fertilizer to survive in market by taking into account continuity of production and quality.
Did The Program Kampung Iklim Lead Farmers to Implement more Adaptation Strategies? Case Study of Rice Farmers in Sleman Regency
Authors: Priyanto Moh. Wahyudi , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo , Irham Irham
Published: January 2021

The negative impacts of climate change caused many losses for farmers. One solution to minimize losses is to implement a climate change adaptation strategy. The Indonesian government established a program called the Program Kampung Iklim/Proklim in 2012 which aims to increase awareness of climate change and the capacity to implement community adaptation strategies. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Proklim on the implementation of climate change adaptation strategy by farmers. The study was conducted  in Proklim and non-Proklim locations. By implementing the simple random sampling method, it was obtained 112 samples divided into 56 farmers from each Proklim and non-Proklim location. The results showed that farming experience, land area, membership in farmers group, access to weather information, awareness towards climate change and perceptions towards climate change risks are associated with more practice of adaptation strategy. The results also showed that the implementation of adaptation strategy was influenced by the Proklim location, so that the farmers involved in the program locations applied more climate change adaptation strategy than the farmers in non-program locations.  The authors recommend that Proklim needs to be applied in many locations, especially areas that are vulnerable to climate change, so farmers can improve the implementation of climate change adaptation strategies.
KADAR SENYAWA TOKSIK DALAM DARAH IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) SAAT MUSIM UP-WELLING DI DANAU MANINJAU, SUMATRA BARAT
Authors: Susanti Silvi
Published: January 2021

Maninjau lake is the largest center for the freshwater floating-net-cage fisheries system in West Sumatra. Every year, during the up-welling season, a huge number of fish suffered to death in the lake including nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a common species cultivated in the floating-net cages. This current study aimed to determine the factors contributing to the death of fish by measuring the concentration of toxic chemical substances in the blood plasm of nile tilapia as well as in the subtrate collected from the bottom of the lake. The samples were collected in the sites with higher number of floating-net cages as well as higher number of mass death of fish (Tanjung Sani, Pakan Raba’a dan Maninjau) during the up-welling season. The result revealed that the levels of phosphate, nitrate, nitrit, and amonium were higher in the blood plasm of the fish. Moreover, the levels of those chemical substances were also higher in the substrate of the lake. The higher concentration of the toxic chemical substances might contribute to the mass death of fish living in the floating-net cages during the up-welling season.
Bacterial Detection Causing Subclinical Mastitis on Etawah Crossbreed Goat in Kokap, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta Province
Authors: Artdita Clara Ajeng , Andityas Morsid , Prihanani Nur Ika , Budiyanto Yohanes Wawan
Published: January 2021

Resident in Kokap, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta Province has another income sector, that is dairy goat (Etawah Crossbreed) farming and they have been joining into farm group, which is called Kelompok Ternak. There are many bacteria that causing dairy goat intra mamary infection, thus the milk production will be contaminated. Two hundred and four (204) milk samples from 103 lactation goat in four farm groups in Kokap, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta is used in this study. Out of these, 21 samples (10,29%) were detected strong positive (++ and +++) for subclinical mastitis by using California Mastitis Test (CMT). Among this positive result, the next step was bacteria detection. This tests were held in Preclinic Laboratory Animal Health Study Program, Vocational School, UGM. The samples were inoculated in blood agar, then colony was identify by Gram staining. The next steph is biochemical tests using McConkey Agar (MCA) and eosin methylene blue (EMB) as a selective media for Gram negative bacteria,  manitol salt agar (MSA) as selective media for Staphylococcus, sugar fermented broth (glucose, lactose, mannitol, maltose, and sacharose), Kigler iron agar (KIA), lysine iron agar (LIA), motility indole ornithin (MIO), and Simmon’s citrate. The result was Staphylococcus aureus (80%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (20%), Escherichia coli (10%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%).
Karakter Morfologi Rambut Kelompok Cervidae Indonesia
Authors: Phadmacanty Ni Luh Putu Rischa
Published: January 2021

Identification through animal hair character is one of a very important forensic tool given the high level of animal trade in Indonesia, one of which is the deer family (Cervidae). Indonesia has four species of Cervidae, there are Rusa timorensis (Javan deer), Rusa unicolor (Sambar deer), Muntiacus muntjak (Barking deer) and Axis kuhlii (Rusa Bawean). Until now, no information about the morphological character of Indonesian cervidae’s hair. In this study, we used 30 shaft/individual/species from Javan deer (8 individuals), Sambar deer (5 individuals), Barking deer (5 individuals) and Bawean deer (5 individual) from specimens collection of Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and field collections. Hairs were analyzed for macroscopic and microscopic, with several parameters of morphology, cuticular structure, medula, cross-section, and medullary index. The result showed that the special character of this family was filled lattice medulla structure and can be used for species  identification.
HUBUNGAN KEPADATAN PERMUKIMAN DENGAN LUAS PERMUKIMAN TERHADAP SEBARAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE
Authors: Daud Marlena
Published: January 2021

Kota Banda Aceh merupakan daerah endemis penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Kasus DBD di Banda Aceh selalu fluktuatif dari tahun ke tahun sehingga perlu dianalisis hubungan lingkungan terhadap sebaran DBD. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan kepadatan permukiman dengan luas permukiman terhadap sebaran demam berdarah dengue (DBD) di Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode interpretasi visual dan overlay dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian deskriptif dilakukan dengan metode survei berdasarkan studi cross-sectional. Survei dilakukan terhadap kepadatan permukinan dan dikaitkan dengan kejadian demam berdarah dengue (DBD) secara spasial. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer diperoleh melalui observasi langsung menggunakan alat Global Positioning System (GPS) untuk melihat sebaran DBD dan data interpretasi citra penginderaan jauh untuk melihat pola kepadatan permukiman. Sedangkan data skunder dari Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kota Banda Aceh dan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Banda Aceh. Jumlah sampel adalah seluruh penderita DBD tahun 2017 berjumlah 236 orang yang tersebar di Kota Banda Aceh. Data di analisis menggunakan ArcGIS dan diolah secara statistik menggunakan Chi-Square. Daerah kepadatan permukiman jarang sebesar 46,7% memiliki 3 titik kasus DBD katagori tinggi, daerah kepadatan permukiman sedang sebesar 34,4% memiliki 7 titik kasus DBD katagori tinggi dan daerah kepadatan permukiman padat sebesar 18.9% memiliki 5 titik kasus DBD katagori tinggi. Hasil uji statistik memperlihatkan nilai P>0,05, artinya tidak ada hubungan kepadatan permukiman dengan kejadian kasus DBD di Kota Banda Aceh.Tidak terdapat hubungan kepadatan permukiman dengan luas permukiman terhadap sebaran demam berdarah dengue (DBD) di Kota Banda Aceh.
GAMBARAN LEUKOSIT KUCING PENDERITA FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA
Authors: Purnamaningsih Hary , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , Yanuartono Yanuartono , Nururrozi Alfarisa , Widiyono Irkham , Hayati Rusmi
Published: January 2021

Salah satu penyakit pada kucing dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas tinggi adalah Feline Panleukopenia (FPL). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui  gambaran leukosit  kucing penderita Feline Panleukopenia. Penelitian ini menggunakan 27 ekor kucing jantan dan betina berbagai umur yang didiagnosa FPL berdasar Feline Parvo Virus Ag test. Semua kucing diambil darah secara lege artis sebanyak 1 ml, diperiksa jumlah leukositnya, kemudian dianalisis secara diskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa FPL lebih banyak diderita kucing jantan (59,3 % ) dari pada betina (40,7%). Kejadian FPL lebih banyak diderita kucing umur ≤ 6 bulan, yaitu 21 ekor (77,8 %) dibanding umur > 6 bulan, yaitu 6 ekor (22,2 %). Sebanyak 19 ekor (70,4 %) FPL mempunyai jumlah total leukosit < 1.000 sel/mm3, 4 ekor (14,8 %) 1.000 – 2.500 sel/mm3 dan 4 ekor yang lain (14,8 %) > 2.500 sel/mm3. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar penderita Feline Panleukopenia mengalami penurunan leukosit berat dengan prognosis infausta, terutama pada kucing jantan dan umur muda.
Klasterisasi Staphylococcus aureus Resisten Neutrofil Berdasar Assesory Gene Regulator
Authors: Santosa Christin Marganingsih , Lestari Fajar Budi , Widayanti Rini , Salasia Siti Isrina Oktavia
Published: January 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is recognized worldwide as a major pathogen causing subclinical intramammary infections in dairy cows and food poisoning due to its ability to produce enterotoxin. The study aimed to identify enterotoxins of S. aureus and clustering the enterotoxins based on assessory gene regulator (agr). Virulence of S. aureus to the host was characterized based on the response of polymorphonuclear cells to the infection. Twelve S. aureus could be isolated from milk cows in central of dairy farming in Sumedang West Java. The identification of S. aureus was based on cultural and biochemical tests and an amplification of a specific section of the 23S rRNA gene. The sensitivity test against antibiotics revealed that some isolates of S. aureus were resistant to penicillin and methycillin. By PCR amplification one or more staphylococcal enterotoxin genes could be observed five genes in combinations of sea (216 bp), seb (478 bp), seh (375 bp), sei (576 bp), and sej (142 bp). Clustering of S. aureus based on the assesory gene regulator could be grouped into 4 clusters for agr1 (1 isolat), agr2 (2 isolates), in combination for agr1 and agr2 (1 isolate), and for non agr (2 isolates). Based on the response of polymorphonuclear cell in vitro and in vivo assays, revealed that S. aureus strain I-2 (agr1 cluster) and P1 (agr1+agr2 cluster) were more resistant to polymorphonuclear cells and could survive intracellularly, indicated that these strains could be used as proper candidates to develop dignostic tool based on agr against staphylococcal mastitis.
Effectiveness of Gout Therapy with Polyherbal Extract of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) and Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) in Hyperuricemia Mice
Authors: Haryadi Fathur Rohman
Published: January 2021

Gout can cause inflammation of acute gout arthtritis, as well as other complications. Provision of chemical drugs in the long term have side effects. Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) contain flavonoids which can inhibit the xanthine oxidase enzyme, so as to reduce uric acid levels. Red ginger extract (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) is rich in gingerol to reduce uric acid with anti-inflammatory effect. Polyberbal combination is expected to increase the effectiveness of therapy. The research aims to determine the effectiveness of polyherbal combinations. 25 male rats (2-3 months) were divided into five groups, namely negative control, positive control, (P1) 25% red ginger extract: 75% shallot, (P2) 50% red ginger extract: 50% shallot, ( P3) 75% red ginger extract: 25% shallot. Induction of potassium oxonate 250 mg / kg BW intraperitoneally on the 7th day. The first measurement of uric acid on the 14th day with Urid Acid Toos, the 15th to 28th days was administered herbal / chemical drugs according to the group. Measurement of second and third uric acid on days 21 and 28. Data were analyzed by one-way Anova (RAL), further significance tests using Least Significant Different (LSD). The results showed that administration of potassium oxonate and combination of herbal extracts had a significant effect (p <0.05) on uric acid levels in all groups. The most effective herbal combination doses are (P3) 75% red ginger (450 mg / 200 gr) and 25% shallot (150 mg / 200 gr BW). The conclusion of this study is the combination of red ginger extract and shallot can be recommended as a uric acid-lowering agent.
Methionine Hydroxy Analog Supplementation to Increase Feed Utilization for Indigenous Sheep
Authors: Prasetiyono Bambang Waluyo Hadi Eko , Mulyono Mulyono , Widiyanto Widiyanto
Published: January 2021

In the tropical area, productivity of ruminant has not optimized caused by the low quality of nutrition that leads to low-efficiency metabolism at the level of ruminal fermentation, post rumen digestibility, and intermediary metabolism. The study aimed to analyze effect of methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) on ruminal fermentation profiles of indigenous sheep specifically in the increase of ruminant productivity. In vitro utility test was conducted using rumen fluid of the indigenous sheep and sample of rational ration having a proportion of grass and concentrate 30%:70%, dry matter basis. The treatments implemented were three levels of MHA supplementation; T0: 0 g/day, T1: 3 g/day, and T2: 6 g/day. Variables measured were dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), production of VFA, NH3, as well as total protein, and molar proportion of partial VFA of rumen fluid. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design (CRD). The 0.2% MHA supplementation increased OMD with the highest production of total protein was from 28.57 mg/g (T0) to 40.49 mg/g (T2) (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the lowest ratio of acetate : propionate was from 2.74 (T0) to 2.33 (T2) (P<0.05). Supplementation of MHA up to 6 g/day concentrate increased the performance of fermentation and/or feed utility.
Study of doking molecule flavonoid Coleus amboinicus in TGF-1b receptor and lowering MDA concentration on Cisplatin-induce Wistar Rats
Authors: Mubarokah Wida Wahidah , Solfaine Rondius , Muniroh Lailatul
Published: January 2021

The aims of this study is to evaluate molecular docking of flavonoid Coleus amboinicus (CA) extracts in transforming growth factor-1b and lowering MDA concentration on cisplatin-induced in Wistar rat. Eighteen male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), 3 months of age with a body weight (BW) of 150-200 g, were allocated into three groups, with six animals per group. The control group received aquadest (P0), the treatment group were treated with single doses of cisplatin (5 mg/kg bw., ip) (P1) and  received 100 mg/kg bw of the CA extracts (P2) respectively for 7 days. Bloods collected for analysis of serum alkaline phospatase (AP), Blood Nitrogen Urea (BUN) and Malondialdehid (MDA) concentrations. The levels of Malondialdehid (MDA) concentrations were analysed by Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Sandwich-ELISA. All groups were sacrified for histopathology. Coleus amboinicus extract significantly decreased the level of AP, BUN and MDA concentrations compared to the control group (p<0.05). The level of MDA could be detected by its level significantly decreased in CA treatment group (p<0.05). Coleus amboinicus (CA) extract has a flavonoid as a marker compound of CA extract has stronger bind to the TGF-β1receptor than its of 3WA_601 ligand in silico analyzed. In histopathological examination showed that cisplatin-induced could alter severe multifocal hemorrhage, interstitial congestion, cell inflammatory, acute glomerular and tubular injury with necrotic cells. Immunohistochemical staining labeled with TGF-1β monoclonal antibodies (Mab) showed marked expression of brownish color aggregates on the surface of tubular epithelial cells and around glomerular mesangial cells in the CA treatment group. This study was concluded that CA extract is inhibited renal tissue injuries by lowering MDA and increasing TGF-1b expression on cisplatin-induced rats. Flavonoid as marker of CA extract has stronger bind to TGF-1b receptor by in silico.
SEROPREVALENSI PENYAKIT AVIAN INFLUENZA SUBTIPE H5N1 PADA AYAM BURAS DI PASAR BERINGKIT DAN GALIRAN, BALI
Authors: Pertiwi Baiq Indah , Kencana Gusti Ayu Yuniati , Suartha I Nyoman
Published: January 2021

Avian Influenza (AI) is a strategic communicable and zoonotic disease. The cause is a virus with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1. The poultry market has important roles in the preservation, propagation, and spreads of the Avian Influenza (AI) virus from poultry to other species and humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of seroprevalence of Avian Influenza (H5N1) in free-range chickens at the Beringkit and Galiran market. A total of 120 free-range chickens were used as a sample. They have taken 60 serum samples per market. Serum removal is made from 5 merchants under the provisions of 3 samples from merchants who sell 6 to 10 free-range chickens. The sampling period is carried out for 2 months every 2 weeks 4 times. Sample testing was performed at the Denpasar Veterinary Centre with Haemagglutination (HA) and Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) as barriers. The data titer of the antibodies obtained was analyzed by Non-Parametric Statistic Test Chi-Square (χ2) using IBM SPSS for windows. The results of the study showed that the AI subtype of the H5N1 subtype in both Beringkit Markets is 3.3% and Galiran Market is 6.7%, with seroprevalence in the two markets of 5.0% which is statistically not dissimilar (P<0.05). To prevent the transmissions of AI disease at the Beringkit Market and Galiran is recommended for vaccination and more attention to the market management and the free-range chicken maintenance system.
Условные конструкции с деепричастием и союзными словами в калмыцком и бурятском языках
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics (55/2, Sedov St., St. Petersburg 192148, Russian Federation), Baranova Vlada V. ,   Institute for Linguistic Studies of the RAS (9, Tuchkov Lane, St. Petersburg 199053, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The paper deals with different conditional constructions in Buryat and Kalmyk. Traditionally, the main way to express the conditional meaning in Mongolic languages is a non-finite clause with a converb (there are the conditional form on -bal in Buryat and Khalkha and new marker -xla in Kalmyk). Alongside with it, there are some new conditional constructions with connectives, with conjunction-like markers herbee in Buryat and Khalkha and kemər in Kalmyk co-occurring with a form of conditional converb. The language contact approach presupposes that connectives as well as a structural pattern with a conjunction are frequently borrowed from dominant languages. Thus, the research question of the paper is how to explain the new conditional construction. Results. In particular, the paper discusses the distribution of different types of conditional construction according to the data from Buryat and Kalmyk corpora. It suggests that conjunction-like markers herbee ‘if’ in Buryat and kemər ‘if’ in Kalmyk may be viewed as grammatical interference from Russian. Nevertheless, the form of conditional converb gixlä developing to a connective in Kalmyk is grammaticalized among other forms of the verb gi- ‘say’ and its grammaticalization of a verb of saying to marker of a conditional clause is frequent cross-linguistically.
Особенности калмыцкого письменного языка XIX в. (на материале калмыцких писем И. Я. Шмидта (1800–1810 гг.))
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, Pushkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Bembeev Evgeny V.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The article examines some phonetic and morphological features of the Kalmyk language traced in written monuments published by the famous Mongolists John Krueger and Robert Service in the ‘Kalmyk Old-Manuscript Documents of Isaac Jacob Schmidt’ (2002). The book presents facsimiles, transcriptions and translations of epistolary documents into English, which cover the period from 1800 to 1810. Most of the letters — 54 out of 80 — reflect correspondence with the Baga Dorbet Princes Tundutovs, including 18 from Erdeni Taisha, 27 from Tsebek, and 9 more from Jamba Taisha. These written monuments are kept in the archives of the Moravian Brothers Community in Herrnhut (Unitas Fratrum, Eng. ‘United Brothers’) in folder R.15.R.IIa No. 5. Goals. The paper aims at investigating some phonetic and morphological features of the then Kalmyk language discovered in the published letters. Results. The language of I. H. Schmidt’s letters reflects the stage in the development of the Kalmyk language in the late 18th – early 19th centuries characterized by a natural convergence of the phonetic and grammatical norms inherent to the written literary language and living folk speech. The materials of the texts show that the beginning of the 19th century witnessed a process of transition of the combinations -ou and -öü into the long vowels [u:] and [ü:], respectively. It is also noted that in words where the diphthong -iu is historically (traditionally) used, e.g., in the word alčiur — in letters it is transmitted as alčuur, which meets the requirements of live pronunciation. In the language of letters of I. J. Schmidt, when it comes to construct the imperative form of the 2nd person plural, several cases of using the colloquial formant -tan are recorded, instead of the traditional indicator -qtün / -qtun. The past participle, which is historically formed with -qsan / -qsen affixes, also approaches colloquial forms, therefore, there are frequent cases of using -san / -sen forms, which are closer to modern Kalmyk (e.g., xara torγon irsen bolxuna ‘if the black silk arrives’). Linguistic processes associated with the reduction of short vowels of non-first syllables of a word, reduction of morphological formants, etc., are reflected to a greater or lesser extent in the text of the studied monument. Conclusions. Thus, the language of I. Ya. Schmidt’s letters reflects the stage of development of the Kalmyk language at the end of the 18th – beginning of the 19th centuries characterized by a natural convergence of phonetic and grammatical norms of the written literary language and living folk speech.
Употребление показателей множественного числа существительных в современных халха-монгольском и бурятском языках
Authors:   Institute for Linguistic Studies of the RAS (9, Tuchkov Lane, St. Petersburg 199053, Russian Federation), Mazarchuk Anna V.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The article deals with the use of nominal plurality markers in modern Khalkha and Buryat. Nominal plurality markers are used optionally in the Mongolic languages. However, in Buryat they are used more often than in Khalkha. Goals. In order to find out how much the figures differ at the moment (and then make some relevant conclusions), the author has collected two small corpora of newspaper articles on politics, economy, culture, and sports published in the Buryat online newspaper Buryad Unen and Mongolian web-based edition Unuudur written from April to August of 2020 — in the period preceding the start of this research, as it was critical for the author to have the utmost up-to-date materials. Materials. The Mongolian mini-corpus comprises 10 032 words, and the Buryat mini-corpus consists of 10 261 words. Newspaper articles have been chosen as study material because publicistic writings absorb language novelties faster and in greater amount than fiction or scholarly works, thus better reflecting the present-day state of the language. The field data could be a more reliable source of material but field work is currently hindered because of the epidemic situation. The author decided not to use the online corpora, which are way bigger than the manually collected ones (and this is certainly their great advantage) because it was necessary to compare texts similar in subject and volume, and written approximately at the same period of time. It is not always technically feasible to restrict the field of search in the online corpora, which makes it difficult to compare the obtained results for the two languages. Results. The collected data shows that in the Mongolian newspaper articles the plurality markers are used about 3,5 times as frequently as in the Buryat ones. Along with it, Middle Mongolian plurality markers are known to have been used about four times as frequently as in Modern Mongolian. In the conclusion the author poses questions for further study which arose after obtaining the quantitative data.
Календарный 12-летний животный цикл в фольклоре калмыков и других народов Азии
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Burykin Alexey A.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The work deals with folklore stories about the 12-year animal calendar cycle once adopted by Kalmyks and other peoples of Asia, such as Mongols, Buryats, Altaians, Tuvans, etc. Goals. The paper focuses on the shaping of the 12-year-old animal cycle and roles played by traditional folklore animal characters in its formation. The paper defines impacts certain supreme characters made on the establishment of such calendar, the one for Mongols being the Buddha himself. Another distinctive feature of narratives about animals’ participation in the completion of the calendar is that special attention be paid to the camel, whose inclusion therein was hampered by the mouse’s trick. The plot about relations between camel (sometimes deer) and mouse was borrowed even by nations that do not use a 12-year-old animal calendar, and no Asian folklore tradition contains any story about relations between other calendar-included animals. Conclusions. The study concludes the narrative about emergence of a 12-year-old animal cycle is an etiological myth developed from plots depicting controversy between the animals after the calendar was adopted by Mongols in the early 13th century. Folklore materials in the form of other calendar-related plots partially included in the animal epic indicate arrivals of the calendar and writing are somewhat temporally correlated, and delineate potential historical ties between the animal calendar and divination practices.