bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shear‐wave velocity structure of upper mantle under Taiwan from the array analysis of surface waves
Authors: Hwang Ruey‐Der , Yu Guey‐Kuen
Published: April 2005

A one‐dimensional shear‐wave velocity structure in the top 200 km of upper mantle under the Central Range (CR) of Taiwan was proposed from inversion of fundamental‐mode Rayleigh‐wave phase velocity, which is determined from array analysis. Crust under CR has relatively low velocities with the thickness of 40–50 km when comparing with other regions in Taiwan. This might imply the existence of a mountain root. Upper‐mantle low velocity zone with S‐wave velocities of about 4.25∼4.4 km/sec is also derived. The thin lid (∼30 km) with a relatively high velocity of 4.90 km/sec reveals the probable connection with the lithosphere of the Eurasian plate. The overall thickness of lithosphere under CR is about 80 km, which is approximate to those under the adjacent sea areas of China. In other words, the upper mantle beneath CR is a part of the Eurasian plate.
An estimate of the gas transfer rate from oceanic bubbles derived from multibeam sonar observations of a ship wake
Authors: Weber Thomas C. , Lyons Anthony P. , Bradley David L.
Published: April 2005

Measurements of gas transfer rates from bubbles have been made in the laboratory, but these are difficult to extrapolate to oceanic bubbles where populations of surfactants and particulate matter that inhibit gas transfer are different. Measurements at sea are complicated by unknown bubble creation rates that make it difficult to uniquely identify and observe the evolution of individual bubble clouds. One method that eliminates these difficulties is to measure bubbles in a ship wake where bubble creation at any given location is confined to the duration of the passing ship. This method assumes that the mechanisms slowing the gas dissolution of naturally created bubbles act in a similar manner to slow the dissolution of bubbles in a ship wake. A measurement of the gas transfer rate for oceanic bubbles using this method is reported here. A high‐frequency upward‐looking multibeam echosounder was used to measure the spatial distribution of bubbles in the wake of a twin screw 61‐m research vessel. Hydrodynamic forcing functions are extracted from the multibeam data and used in a bubble cloud evolution model in which the gas transfer rate is treated as a free parameter. The output of model runs corresponding to different gas transfer rates is compared to the time‐dependent wake depth observed in the data. Results indicating agreement between the model and the data show that the gas transfer rate must be approximately 15 times less then it would be for surfactant‐free bubbles in order to explain the bubble persistence in the wake.
The stability analysis of two layers in a supercritical pure fluid: Rayleigh–Taylor-like instabilities
Authors: Amiroudine S. , Boutrouft K. , Zappoli B.
Published: April 2005

We numerically investigate the linear stability of two superposed near critical isobar fluid layers of variable thickness initially at two different temperatures. The very large compressibility and the very low heat diffusivity of near critical pure fluids induce very large density gradients which lead to a Rayleigh–Taylor-like (RTL) gravitational instability of the heat diffusion layer when the top layer temperature is some mK cooler than the bottom one. This instability in a one-phase fluid seems to be similar to that which occurs in between two miscible liquids where the species diffusion is replaced by the heat diffusion coefficient. We find that this RTL configuration becomes stable when the heat diffusion length on the time scale of the faster unstable mode becomes larger than the bottom hot layer thickness.
Generation of frustrated liquid crystal phases by mixing an achiral nematic–smectic-C mesogen with an antiferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal
Authors: Lagerwall Jan P. F. , Giesselmann Frank , Selbmann Christine , Rauch Sebastian , Heppke Gerd
Published: April 2005

By mixing the achiral liquid crystal HOAB, exhibiting a nematic (N)–smectic-C (SmC) mesophase sequence, with the chiral antiferroelectric liquid crystal (AFLC) (S,S)-M7BBM7, forming the antiferroelectric SmCa* phase, at least seven different mesophases have been induced which neither component forms on its own: a twist-grain-boundary (TGB*) phase, two or three blue phases, the untilted SmA* phase, as well as all three chiral smectic-C-type “subphases,” SmCα*, SmCβ*, and SmCγ*. The nature of the induced phases and the transitions between them were determined by means of optical and electro-optical investigations, dielectric spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The induced phases can to a large extent be understood as a result of frustration, TGB* at the border between nematic and smectic, the subphases between syn and anticlinic tilted smectic organization. X ray scattering experiments reveal that the smectic layer spacing as well as the degree of smectic order is relatively constant in the whole mixture composition range in which AFLC behavior prevails, whereas both these parameters rapidly decrease as the amount of HOAB is increased to such an extent that no other smectic-C-type phase than SmC∕SmC* exists. By tailoring the composition we are able to produce liquid crystal mixtures exhibiting unusual phase sequences, e.g., with a direct isotropic-SmCa* transition or a temperature range of the SmCβ* subphase of about 50K.
Nonmonotonic composition dependence of vibrational phase relaxation rate in binary mixtures
Authors: Roychowdhury Swapan , Bagchi Biman
Published: April 2005

We present here isothermal-isobaric N-P-T ensemble molecular dynamics simulations of vibrational phase relaxation in a model system to explore the unusual features arising due to concentration fluctuations which are absent in one component systems. The model studied consider strong attractive interaction between the dissimilar species to discourage phase separation. The model reproduces the experimentally observed nonmonotonic, nearly symmetric, composition dependence of the dephasing rate. In addition, several other experimentally observed features, such as the maximum of the frequency modulation correlation time τc at mole fraction near 0.5 and the maximum rate enhancement by a factor of about 3 above the pure component value, are also reproduced. The product of mean square frequency modulation [⟨Δω2(0)⟩] with τc indicates that the present model is in the intermediate regime of inhomogeneous broadening. The nonmonotonic composition χA dependence of the dephasing time τv is found to be primarily due to the nonmonotonic χ dependence of τc, rather than due to a similar dependence in the amplitude of ⟨Δω2(0)⟩. The probability distribution of Δω shows a markedly non-Gaussian behavior at intermediate composition (χA≃0.5). We have also calculated the composition dependence of the viscosity in order to explore the correlation between the composition dependence of viscosity η* with that of τv and τc. It is found that both the correlation time essentially follow the composition dependence of the viscosity. A mode coupling theory is presented to include the effects of composition fluctuations in binary mixture.
Dielectric relaxation time of bulk water at 136–140K, background loss and crystallization effects
Authors: Johari G. P.
Published: April 2005

Dielectric relaxation time, τ, of ultraviscous bulk water has been determined by analyzing its loss tangent, tanδ, data, which had been measured on heating the vapor-deposited amorphous solid water and hyperquenched glassy water in our earlier studies. [Johari, Hallbrucker, and Mayer, J. Chem. Phys. 95, 2955 (1991); 97, 5851 (1992)]. As for glasses and liquids generally, the measured tanδ of water is the sum of a frequency-independent background loss and a frequency-dependent relaxational loss. A two-frequency method is provided for determining the background loss and used for obtaining the relaxational part of tanδ. After considering the structural relaxation and crystal-nuclei growth effects, τ for water has been determined. At 136±1K, it is 2.5±0.6s when a single relaxation time is (untenably) assumed, and 42±14s when a distribution of relaxation times, a characteristic of viscous liquids, is assumed, with Davidson–Cole distribution parameter of 0.75. Structural relaxation time of ∼70s for water at 136K, which was originally estimated from the DSC endotherm [Johari, Hallbrucker, and Mayer, Nature (London) 330, 552 (1987)], has been revised to ∼33s. Temperature dependence of τ could not be determined because ultraviscous water crystallizes too rapidly to cubic ice containing stacking faults and intergranular water. The study demonstrates that water is a liquid over the 136–155K range, thus removing the basis for a recent contention on its state.
Relativistic attosecond physics
Authors: Naumova Natalia M. , Nees John A. , Mourou Gérard A.
Published: April 2005

A study, with particle-in-cell simulations, of relativistic nonlinear optics in the regime of tight focus and ultrashort pulse duration (the λ3 regime) reveals that synchronized attosecond electromagnetic pulses [N. M. Naumova, J. A. Nees, I. V. Sokolov, B. Hou, and G. A. Mourou, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 063902 (2004)] and attosecond electron bunches [N. Naumova, I. Sokolov, J. Nees, A. Maksimchuk, V. Yanovsky, and G. Mourou, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 195003 (2004)] emerge efficiently from laser interaction with overdense plasmas. The λ3 concept enables a more basic understanding and a more practical implementation of these phenomena because it provides spatial and temporal isolation. The synchronous generation of strong attosecond electromagnetic pulses and dense attosecond electron bunches provides a basis for relativistic attosecond optoelectronics.
Characterization and evaluation of silicon carbide for high-velocity impact
Authors: Holmquist Timothy J. , Johnson Gordon R.
Published: April 2005

This article presents a characterization and evaluation of silicon carbide for high-velocity impact. This includes a wide range of loading conditions that produce large strains, high strain rates, and high pressures. Experimental data from the literature are used to determine constants for the Johnson–Holmquist–Beissel (JHB) constitutive model for brittle materials. A previous article by the authors presented a characterization of silicon carbide for high-velocity impact using an earlier version of the model (JH-1). The previous work provided good agreement with a broad range of experimental data with the exception of high-velocity penetration data. The current work uses the more recently developed JHB constitutive model, a target geometry that more closely matches the experimental design, and a computational technique that allows for target prestress. These recent developments (primarily the prestress) produce computed results that agree with all the experimental data, including the high-velocity penetration data. The computed results also provide a detailed analysis of the penetration process into a prestressed target and show why it is necessary to include the target prestress. A specific result is the ability to reproduce the nonsteady penetration rate that occurs in the prestressed target.
Effective slip on textured superhydrophobic surfaces
Authors: Gogte Salil , Vorobieff Peter , Truesdell Richard , Mammoli Andrea , van Swol Frank , Shah Pratik , Brinker C. Jeffrey
Published: April 2005

We study fluid flow in the vicinity of textured and superhydrophobically coated surfaces with characteristic texture sizes on the order of 10μm. Both for droplets moving down an inclined surface and for an external flow near the surface (hydrofoil), there is evidence of appreciable drag reduction in the presence of surface texture combined with superhydrophobic coating. On textured inclined surfaces, the drops roll faster than on a coated untextured surface at the same angle. The highest drop velocities are achieved on surfaces with irregular textures with characteristic feature size ∼8μm. Application of the same texture and coating to the surface of a hydrofoil in a water tunnel results in drag reduction on the order of 10% or higher. This behavior is explained by the reduction of the contact area between the surface and the fluid, which can be interpreted in terms of changing the macroscopic boundary condition to allow nonzero slip velocity.
Tricominae (Nematoda : Desmoscolecida) from Laing Island, Papua New Guinea, with descriptions of new species
Authors: Decraemer W
Published: April 2005

Among the many species of Tricoma found in samples from Papua New Guinea, six new species and one new subspecies are described: T. bipapillata, T. capitata, T. coralicolla, T, paralucida, T. paratimmi, T. parvaspiculata and T. dirnorphapapuensis. One known species, T. lucida Timm, 1978, is redescribed on the basis of type material. The diagnosis of the genus Tricoma is emended.
Extensive chromosome variation in the stick insect genus Sipyloidea Brunner von Wattenwyl (Phylliidae : Necrosciinae) within Australia, and descriptions of three new species
Authors: John B , Rentz DCF , Contreras N
Published: April 2005

Combined cytological and morphological analyses of stick insects belonging to the genus Sipyloidea Brunner from a limited geographical area in southern and south-western Australia serve to identify three new species, designated as the Nelida group. All three live on species of Acacia and are nocturnal, with micropterous females but fully winged males. Bisexual members of S. nelida, sp. nov., are characterised by 2n = 37 male XO, 38 female XX, but females with counts of 58 XX, 57 XX and 69 XX, 68 XX have been identified within the species. A second species, S. similis, sp. nov., has bisexual forms with 2n = 35 male XO, 36 female XX, as well as females with counts of 58 XX or 57 XX. In both species the females with the higher chromosome counts are capable of parthenogenetic reproduction. Both deposit their eggs under the bark of host plants and shortly after oviposition these liberate a ring of stellate hairs around the opercular region of the egg. The third species, S. ovabdita, sp. nov., is apparently purely bisexual with 2n = 35 male XO, 36 female XX. It is distinctive in its morphological characteristics from both S. nelida and S. similis and lays its eggs in soil, lacking the opercular ring of hairs which characterises the other two species.
Correction - Extensive chromosome variation in the stick insect genus Sipyloidea Brunner von Wattenwyl (Phylliidae : Necrosciinae) within Australia, and descriptions of three new species
Authors: John B , Rentz DCF , Contreras N
Published: April 2005

Combined cytological and morphological analyses of stick insects belonging to the genus Sipyloidea Brunner from a limited geographical area in southern and south-western Australia serve to identify three new species, designated as the Nelida group. All three live on species of Acacia and are nocturnal, with micropterous females but fully winged males. Bisexual members of S. nelida, sp. nov., are characterised by 2n = 37 male XO, 38 female XX, but females with counts of 58 XX, 57 XX and 69 XX, 68 XX have been identified within the species. A second species, S. similis, sp. nov., has bisexual forms with 2n = 35 male XO, 36 female XX, as well as females with counts of 58 XX or 57 XX. In both species the females with the higher chromosome counts are capable of parthenogenetic reproduction. Both deposit their eggs under the bark of host plants and shortly after oviposition these liberate a ring of stellate hairs around the opercular region of the egg. The third species, S. ovabdita, sp. nov., is apparently purely bisexual with 2n = 35 male XO, 36 female XX. It is distinctive in its morphological characteristics from both S. nelida and S. similis and lays its eggs in soil, lacking the opercular ring of hairs which characterises the other two species.
Acari Mesostigmata parasitic on Australian vertebrates: an annotated checklist, keys and bibliography
Authors: Domrow R
Published: April 2005

The Mesostigmata (including both Monogynaspida and Trigynaspida) parasitic on. or associated with. Australian vertebrates are reviewed. and keys and illustrations provided to enable separation of all 46 genera and 217 species recognised . The genera Bewsiella Domrow and Ichoronyssus Kolenati are transferred from the Macronyssinae to Laelapinae on the basis of their fully formed chelicerae in the deutonymph and setose peritrematal shields in the adult . Material previously identified as Eulaelaps stabularis (Koch) (Haemogamasinae) is now placed as E . oudemansi Turk . New synonymy: Ptilonyssus pentagonicus Fain & Lukoschus. 1979 (Rhinonyssinae) = P . philemoni Domrow. 1964 . A host-parasite list and bibliography are included.
Rotifera from Australian inland waters. II. Epiphanidae and Brachionidae (Rotifera : Monogononta)
Authors: Koste W , Shiel RJ
Published: April 2005

Diagnostic features of Rotifera: Monogononta are summarized, and a dichotomous key to the ploimate rotifers is followed by detailed diagnostic keys to the planktonic and facultatively planktonic representatives of the Epiphanidae (Proalides, Epiphanes, Cyrtonia, Rhinoglena and Microcodides) and Brachionidae (Platyias, Brachionus, Keratella, Kellicottia, Notholca and Anuraeopsis). All species known from Australian inland waters are described and figured, as are some widely distributed taxa not yet recorded from the continent. Distribution data and ecological information are also given.
Rhinorhipidae, a new beetle family from Australia, with comments on the phylogeny of the elateriformia
Authors: Lawrence JF
Published: April 2005

Rhinorhipus tamborinensis, gen, et sp. nov., is described from southern Queensland, Australia, and is made the type of a new family, Rhinorhipidae, fam. nov. The major morphological features of Rhinorhipus are compared with those of related taxa of Polyphaga (Elateriformia, Dascilloidea and Eucinetoidea). Comments are made on the phylogeny and classification of elateriforms based on cladistic and phenetic analyses of a 25 taxon-112 character data set, and a tentative superfamily classification of Elateriformia, sensu novo is proposed.
Revision of the genus Praxibulus (Orthoptera : Acrididae)
Authors: Key KH L
Published: April 2005

The genus Praxibulus is recharacterised. Twenty species are recognised, of which the following are new: lewisi, triquetrus, whitei, eurobodallae, hunteranus, laticrista, lophicus, queenslandicus, pallens, stali, tectatus, and uncinatus. All species are fully described, or redescribed. They are difficult to separate on external characters, especially in the female, but are for the most part well characterised on genitalia. Keys to males and females are provided. Phenetic relationships and possible phylogeny are discussed. Distributions are plotted and interpreted; there is extensive sympatry and no evidence of hybridisation. Homologies of certain genitalic features are examined in the light of published views, and some new terms proposed. Karyotypes are reported for four species; these are identical in their gross morphology, with 2n male = 23 telocentrics. The occurrence of rare intersexes is reported for four species; it is concluded that these represent males whose development has been deflected towards a female morphology as a consequence of parasitisation of the nymphs by fly larvae, probably Nemestrinidae.
A revision of genus Psilomorpha Saunders (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae : Cerambycinae)
Authors: Scambler DJ
Published: April 2005

The genus Psilomorpha Saunders is revised. One new species from North Queensland, P. nigra, is described, and the type species, P. tenuipes Saunders, is redescribed. Five species formerly of the genus Aphiorhynchus Lacordaire [P. apicalis Pascoe, P. divisus (Pascoe), comb. nov., P. maculicornis (Saunders), comb. nov., P. marginalis (Aurivillius), comb. nov. and P. pulchra (Hope), comb. nov.] are assigned or returned to Psilomorpha. Aphiorhynchus is designated as a new synonym of Psilomorpha, and A. versicolor McKeown as a new synomym of P. marginalis (Aurivillius).
Revision of the genera of the tribe Stigmoderini (Coleoptera : Buprestidae) with a discussion of Phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Gardner JA
Published: April 2005

The tribe Stigmoderini is revised: the highly derived ovipositor provides evidence that the tribe is monophyletic. A scheme of evolution of the buprestid ovipositor is postulated. The genera of Stigmoderini are delineated and relationships between them are analysed using traditional Hennigian methods. Synapomorphic characters which suggest conflicting relationships are examined, the probability of homoplasy assessed, and a cladogram constructed which best fits the available data. The female accessory gland, a structure not recorded previously in any buprestid, is accorded high weight and supports the monophyly of Themognatha, Calodema and Metaxymorpha. Themognatha and Castiarina are elevated to generic status, monotypic Hypostigmodera is synonymised with Castiarina, and species groups are distinguished in Calodema and Metaxymorpha. A key to genera is provided. Generic characters are reviewed and taxonomically significant structures are illustrated with line drawings or scanning electron micrographs.
Systematics and distribution of the Melanesian Psocidae (Psocoptera)
Authors: Smithers CN , Thornton IWB
Published: April 2005

Forty-five species of Psocidae (10 new) are listed for New Guinea and the Melanesian arcs islands. The distribution of the genera and species through the arcs and possible source areas is discussed and suggestions made as to the origins of present distribution patterns. These include tectonic fragmentation, dispersal from New Guinea and dispersal from Hawaii or Micronesia.
A new Monophlebine genus (Homoptera : Coccoidea : Margarodidae : Monophlebinae) on Melaleuca L. in Australia
Authors: Bhatti S
Published: April 2005

A new genus, Melaleucococcus, is erected in the tribe Monophlebulini to contain four new species from Australia: M. phacelopilus, M. notoporosus, M. hirtipectus and M. nodosus. All of the species feed on Melaleuca L. (Myrtaceae). The adult female of all four species and the first three nymphal instars of the male and all instars of the female of M. phacelopilus are described. Sexual dimorphism and behavioural differences are noted in the third instar of M. phacelopilus and M. nodosus, and other aspects of the biology of these two species are described. A key to the genera of the tribe Monophlebulini is presented.
A revision of Australian Pachyplagia gross (Heteroptera : Schizopteridae)
Authors: Hill L
Published: April 2005

Pachyplagia Gross is redefined; P. australia Gross, an inquiline, is redescribed; and P. sporadohylaea, sp, nov., P. acracantheis, sp. nov., P. spanohylaea, sp, nov., P. ombriohylaea, sp. nov., P. aremenohylaea, sp. nov. and also P. nesohylaea, sp. nov. are described. The species are keyed. The occurrence of Pachyplagia in Sulawesi is recorded. The male and unusual female terminalia are discussed.
Morphology and infraciliature of some freshwater ciliates (Protozoa : Ciliophora) from Western and South Australia
Authors: Foissner W , O'Donoghue PJ
Published: April 2005

Thirteen new or little-known freshwater ciliates from Perth, W.A., and Adelaide, S.A., are described: Urotricha furcata Schewiakoff, 1892; Coleps amphacanthus Ehrenberg, 1833; Fuscheria nodosa Foissner, 1983; Lacrymaria australis, sp. nov.; Acineria uncinata Tucolesco, 1962; Litonotus lamella (Mnller, 1773); Loxophyllum australe, sp. nov.; Naxella australis, sp. nov.; Microthorax australis, sp. nov.; Blepharisma americanum (Suzuki, 1954); Stenosemella lacustris, sp. nov.; Oxytricha australis, sp. nov.; and Urosomoida perthensis, sp. nov. Descriptions are based on live observations, protargol and silver nitrate stained specimens and biometry. All species represent new records for the fauna of Australia. A new species, Naxella faurei, sp. nov., is established for Nassula lateritia Faure-Fremiet, 1967 and a new diagnosis is given for Litonotus lamella (Mnller, 1773).
Palophaginae, a new subfamily for leaf-beetles, feeding as adult and larva on Araucarian pollen in Australia (Coleoptera : Megalopodidae)
Authors: Kuschel G , May BM
Published: April 2005

A new genus Palophagus and a new subfamily Palophaginae are proposed for a megalopodid chrysomeloid beetle reared from male strobili (cones) of Araucaria bidwillii from south Queensland, Australia. The beetle feeds as adult and larva on pollen. The larva pupates in the soil where it goes through an additional but inactive instar. The beetle shares with Megalopodinae a mesonotal stridulatory organ and the same characteristic male and female genitalia but differs in various other structures. The relationship of the subfamily is discussed. A key to families of Chrysomeloidea based on the male and female genitalia is offered as well as keys to the genera and species of Palophaginae. Palophagus bunyae and P. australiensis are described as new, and Cucujopsis setijer Crowson is transferred from Orsodacninae to Palophaginae and redescribed. Habitus drawings of two adults are provided. The immature stages of Palophagus species are described and illustrated.
Pezidae, a new freshwater mite family from Australia (Acarina : Halacaroidea)
Authors: Harvey MS
Published: April 2005

A new halacaroid family, Pezidae, is erected for the new genus Peza, with two new species Peza ops (type species) and Peza daps. P. ops has been widely collected in south-eastern Australia, while P. daps is known only from a single female taken from the gill chamber of a burrowing crayfish, Engaeus fultoni Smith & Schuster (Crustacea : Decapoda : Parastacidae), in the Otway Ranges, Victoria. During winter and spring, females of both species apparently attach their eggs to their hind legs. The Pezidae is regarded as the sister-group of the remaining Halacaroidea.
The Pacific species of Trachyopella Duda, (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae)
Authors: Marshall SA , Montagnes DJS
Published: April 2005

Fourteen species of the sphaerocerid genus Trachyopella are recorded from the Pacific region, including the new species Trachyopella aposterni, T. apotarsati, T. brevisectoris, T. luteocera, T. pedimera, and T. vockerothi. Trachyopella obliqua (Richards) is placed in synonymy with T. collinella (Richards), comb. nov. All species not covered in recent work on Holarctic Trachyopella are illustrated and described. Znsulomyia Papp is treated as a synonym of Trachyopella.
Revision of the Australian crustacean genus of freshwater crayfish Gramastacus Riek (Decapoda : Parastacidae)
Authors: Zeidler Wolfgang , Adams M
Published: April 2005

The Australian freshwater crayfish genus Gramastacus, previously consisting of two species known only from type localities, is revised utilising newly collected material ranging from The Grampians, Victoria, to the south-east, of South Australia. Morphological and biochemical studies demonstrate that Granzastacus is monotypic with G. insolitus Riek, 1972 the only species. Morphological comparisons between Granmstacus and Geocharax are also made, and although Gramastacus is similar to Geocharax, sufficient differences were found to uphold the generic status of Granlastacus. G. insolitus is a swamp-living species whose survival is threatened by further drainage of remaining known localities.
Review of Jamella Kirkaldy and Malleja, gen. nov. in Australia and New Guinea, with descriptions of new species (Homoptera : Flatidae)
Authors: Medler JT
Published: April 2005

New species of Jamella Kirkaldy are: J. eurans, J. mimica, J. rubella, J. sojora and J. vexans. A key is presented to separate the five new species and J. australiae Kirk., type species of Jamella. Closely related Malleja gen. nov., with type species M. distincta, sp. nov., is described. A key is provided to separate the two genera. Male genitalia are illustrated.
On Bdellasimilis Barwicki (Platyhelminthes : Tricladida) and its phyletic position
Authors: Sluys R
Published: April 2005

The planarian Bdellasimilis barwicki is redescribed on the basis of newly collected and paratype material. The species is ectoconsortic on Australian freshwater turtles and has the following characteristic features: two posterior adhesive disks, voluminous false seminal vesicles, highly glandular common atrium, resorptive vesicles, and a gonopore at the posterior end of the body. The highly developed musculature around the mouth opening ensures that the mouth remains fully closed during the aberrant manner of feeding in which food items are enclosed in the pharyngeal cavity. B. barwicki should be classified with the Paludicola or freshwater planarians.
A new genus and species of marine crayfish, Palibythus magnificus, and new records of Palinurellus (Decapoda : Palinuridae) from the Pacific Ocean
Authors: Davie PJF
Published: April 2005

A new genus and species of marine crayfish, Palibythus magnificus, is described from deep water off Western Samoa. Palibythus is placed in the Palinuridae, among the 'Stridentes' group of genera, because of the well-developed stridulatory organ. It differs from all other known genera, except Palinurellus, by the flat triangular rostrum and the narrow thoracic sternum; Palinurellus, however, lacks a stridulatory organ. The relationships of Palinurellus are discussed and the Synaxidae is replaced in synonymy with the Palinuridae. Palinurellus wieneckii is recorded from New Guinea and Solomon Islands waters for the first time.
The generic classification of the Australian Harpactorinae (Heteroptera : Reduviidae)
Authors: Malipatil MB
Published: April 2005

Thirty genera of Harpactorinae (Reduviidae) are recognised from Australia. Three are described as new: Neoveledella, Neohavinthus and A ustrovelinus. The following synonymies are made: Penthikocleptes Miller, 1958a with Trachylestes Stil, 1868; Dorrigocoris Miller, 1957 and Leana Miller, 1958 with Gminatus Stll, 1859; Magneticocoris Miller, 1957 with Poecilosphodrus Reuter, 1887; Parischnolestes Miller, 1957 with Zschnolestes StiI, 1866. A generic key is given together with a description including illustrations of major characters and type species citations for each genus. All described species, including synonyms and type repositories are listed under appropriate genera. With the exception of Austrarcesius Miller, Scipinia Stll, Veledella Bergroth, Euagoras Burmeister, Helonotus Amyot and Serville, Pristhesancus Amyot and Serville and Coranus Curtis, all genera are endemic to Australia including Tasmania.
A revision of Australopapuan and New Caledonian Brunettia (Diptera, Psychodidae)
Authors: Duckhouse DA
Published: April 2005

Brunettia Annandale (sensu Duckhouse 1966) has previously been known in Australopapua from thirty-three species, comprising twenty-eight from Papua-New Guinea, but only five from Australia, all in the southern states. This anomaly is now removed with the description of seventeen new species from Queensland and the Northern Territory, showing that the major evolutionary centre extends from Papua-New Guinea far into northern Australia, and that the southern species are not in reality separated by a disjunction. Three new species are also described from southern Australia, two from New Guinea, and two from New Caledonia (the first from this island). The phylogenetic importance of Brunettia is especially due to the inclusion in it of taxa that are cladistically basal and annectant, nearly all Australopapuan. The mix of tribal, generic, subgeneric and species characters found in earlier descriptions is ordered into a strict hierarchical sequence, and Brunettia is divided into seven subgenera — Brunettia, s. str., Plesiobrunettia, subg. nov., Atrichobrunettia Satchell, Maurobrunettia, subg. nov., Campanulobrunettia, subg. nov., Horobrunettia, subg. nov., and Mrrousiella Vaillant, stat. nov., this last resurrected from synonymy with Atrichobrunettia. Of these, Maurobrunettia occurs in northern Australia, Plesiobrunettia is New Guinean, Campanulobrunettia and Atrrchobrunettia are Australopapuan, and Horobrunettia is mainly Australopapuan but has one species in the Philippines. Brunettia s. str. is more widely distributed, but extensively diversified in Papua-New Guinea, and Mirousiella is European. The ten Papua-New Guinean species placed by Quate & Quate (1967) in Atrichobrunettia are transferred into the various subgenera of Brunettia (combs. nov.), and their Brunettia species are also assorted into these subgenera. New keys are provided covering all Australopapuan Brunettia species. The genealogical status of Mormiini and Maruinini are discussed. It is concluded that because Mormiini are an offshoot of the Maruinini, the Maruinini are paraphyletic, but that this defect cannot be overcome until more is known of maruinine phylogeny.
Acari prostigmata (excluding Trombiculidae) parasitic on Australian vertebrates: an annotated checklist, keys and bibliography
Authors: Domrow R
Published: April 2005

The prostigmatic mites (excluding Trombiculidae) parasitic on, or associated with, Australian vertebrates are reviewed, and keys and illustrations are provided to enable separation of all 45 genera and 121 species recognised. Two new species are described: Paraspeleognathopsis exaeta sp. nov. (Erynetidae), from the nasal passages of the marsupial Petaurus breviceps in New South Wales, and Radfordia hydromys Fain sp. nov. (Myobiidae). New synonymy in Ereynetidae: Boydaia Womersley, 1953 = Coboydaia Fain, 1971b; Neospeleognathopsis Fain, 1958b = Pteropignathus Fain & Lukoschus, 1979b; Psittaboydaia Fain, 1985 = Trichoglossiella Fain, 1985; in Myobiidae: Australomyobia dasycercus Fain,
1973a = A. d. antechinus Fain & Lukoschus, 1979d; Calcarmyobia miniopteris (Womersley, 1941a) = C. o. orianae Uchikawa, 1985c; Ewingana bispinosa Radford, 1948 = E. b. longispina Fain & Lukoschus, 1979c; Radfordia Ewing, 1938 = Pseudoradfordia Dubinin, 1957a = Syconycterobia Fain, 1973b; in Demodecidae: Demodex equi Railliet, 1893 = D. caballi Desch & Nutting, 1979a; D. ovis Railliet, 1893 = D. aries Desch, 1987; in Leeuwenhoekiidae: Odontacarus Ewing, 1929 = Leogonius Vercammen-Grandjean, 1968. A host-parasite list and bibliography are included.
Osmylidae (Insecta : Neuroptera) from the oriental region
Authors: New TR
Published: April 2005

Information is given on Osmylidae from Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and the Philippines. The regional fauna is dominated by Spilosmylinae, and keys are given to facilitate identification of species of Thaumatosmylus Krüger (5 species, 2 described as new) and Spilosmylus Kolbe (14 species, 3 described as new). A new species of Osmylus Latreille is described from Taiwan.
Studies in Australian Gryllacrididae: the proventriculus as a taxonomic character
Authors: Bland RG , Rentz DCF
Published: April 2005

The internal structure of the proventriculus of 17 species from 12 gryllacridid genera is described using light and scanning electron microscopy and is discussed in relation to its use as a taxonomic character. Structural differences were sufficient at 60 to 200 x to separate genera and species. Correlations between proventricular structure and food type are briefly discussed.
Revision of the Australian bee fly genus Comptosia (Diptera : Bombyliidae)
Authors: Yeates D
Published: April 2005

The Australian bee fly genus Comptosia is revised. Alyosia Rondani, Epidosia Hull, Opsonia Hull, Paradosia Hull and Anthocolon Hull are synonymised with Comptosia Macquart. There are 138 species of Comptosia in collections, of which 58 are treated here. The genus is divided into 19 species-groups that encompass the range of variation found in the described and undescribed species. Characters found most useful in forming the species-groups include: distance between the eyes of males, integumental colour, shape of the antenna1 flagellum, form of the labium and subcranial cavity, and shape of the loop in wing vein R2+3;. Keys to species-groups and to species in each group are provided. All, or almost all, of the species in eight of the species-groups are described. In the remaining species-groups, described species are redescribed, or a single representative species described. The number of recognised, but undescribed, species is given for each species-group. Seven new synonymies are proposed at species level: fenestrata Hull = gemina Hardy; aurifrons Macquart and edwardsi Hardy = praeargentata (Macleay); sobricula (Walker) and anthracina (Thomson) = prosimplex (Hardy); fasciafa (Fabricius) = stria (Walker); duofasciata Hull = tendens (Walker). Lectotypes are designated for the following: C. fascipennis Macquart, C. albofasciata (Thomson), C. tendens (Walker), C. duofasciata Hull, C. fenestrata Hull, C. rnaculipennis Macquart, Anthrax inclusa (Walker) and C. casimira Hull. Twenty-six species are redescribed and 32 species (C. paucispina, C. tutela, C. pitereka, C. pilosa, C. caesariata, C. capillata, C. magna, C. speciosa, C. heliophila, C. neosobria, C. kuranda, C. flava, C. sandaraca, C. xanthobasis, C. aurescens, C. paramonovi, C. nitella, C. flexuosa, C. flavipenna, C. insula, C. neobiguttata, C. mackerrasi, C. soror, C. neoapicalis, C. zona, C. thyris, C. calignea, C. lactea, C. mallota, C. scitula, C. acantha and C. microrhynchus) are described as new. Pupal exuviae of five species are described and illustrated.
Revision of the family Raspailiidae (Porifera : Demospongiae), with description of Australian species
Authors: Hooper JNA
Published: April 2005

The marine sponge family Raspailiidae Hentschel is revised and referred to the order Poecilosclerida. Of 48 nominal genera, 17 (including one new genus and one new subgenus) are recognised here: Raspailia Nardo, (Hymeraphiopsis, subg. nov.), Ectyoplasia Topsent, Endectyon Topsent, Trikentrion Ehlers, Cyamon Gray, Aulospongus Norman, Raspaciona Topsent, Rhabdeurypon Topsent, Eurypon Gray, Plocamione Topsent, Amphinomia, gen. nov., Lithoplocamia Dendy, Hymeraphia Bowerbank, Ceratopsion Strand, Thrinacophora Ridley, Axechina Hentschel and Echinodictyum Ridley, and three genera are incertae sedis (Tethyspira Topsent, Sigmeurypon Topsent, Cantabrina Ferrer-Hernandez). Fifty-six species are described for the Australian fauna, of which 14 are new to science: Raspailia daminensis, R. desrnonyiformis, R. keriontria, R. melanorhops, R. phakellopsis, R. reticulata, R. wardi, R. wilkinsoni, Ectyoplasia vannus, Endectyon elyakovi, Ceratopsion montebelloensis, C. palmafa, Echinodictyum austrinus, spp. nov. and Amphinomia sulphurea, gen. nov., sp. nov. The phylogenetic relationships and biogeographical distribution of the family are discussed. Tropical north-westem Australian-southem Indonesia has the highest diversity of species in the Indo-west Pacific, and altogether the Australasian region has about 20% of the world's known raspailiid fauna.
The Schizomida (Chelicerata) of Australia
Authors: Harvey MS
Published: April 2005

A revision of the Schizomida known to occur in Australia reveals five new genera (Draculoides, Apozomus, Bamazomus, Notozomus and Julattenius) and 25 species, 24 of which are newly described: Draculoides (type and only species, Schizomus vinei Harvey); Apozomus (type species A. watsoni, and A. alligator, A. cactus, A. gunn, A. mainae, A. nob, A. pellew, A. radon, A. rupina, A. spec, A. weipa, A. weiri, A. woodwardi and A. yirrkala); Bamazomus (type species B. bamaga); Notozomus (type species N. aterpes, and N. daviesae, N. ingham, N. ker, N. monteithi, N. raveni and N. rentzi); and Julattenius (type species J. lawrencei, and J. cooloola). Three new combinations are proposed for non-Australian taxa: Apozomus daitoensis (Shimojana), A. yamasakii (Cokendolpher) and Bamazomus siamensis (Hansen). A new notation for identifying homologous setae of the flagellum is introduced.
Classification, relationships and distribution of the genera of Cyphaleini (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Matthews EG
Published: April 2005

Examination of the external and internal adult skeletal morphology of Cyphaleini, an autochthonous Australian tribe, has resulted in a reduction in the number of genera from 33 to 19. Character-state polarity was established by comparison with the related outgroups, Heleini, Tenebrionini and Titaenini. Of the 40 characters considered phylogenetically important, 10 were selected to manually construct a cladogram serving as the basis for proposing hypotheses on relationships between genera, evolutionary trends and historical events leading to the present distribution of the group. Fifteen former generic names are considered to have an insufficient phylogenetic basis at generic level and are synonymised as follows (synonyms first): Timeneca Carter, 1914 = Mitrothorax Carter, 1914; Laonicus Haag-Rutenberg, 1878 = Opigenia Pascoe, 1869 = Platyphanes Westwood, 1849; Aphectus Carter, 1926 = Olisthaena Erichson, 1842; Ononyctus Carter, 1914 = Aethalides Bates, 1873 = Onosterrhus Pascoe, 1866 = Nyctozoilus Guérin-Méneville, 1830; Lygestira Pascoe, 1866 = Prophanes Westwood, 1849; Trisilus Haag-Rutenberg, 1878 = Anausis Bates, 1873 = Altes Pascoe, 1869 = Oremasis Pascoe, 1866 = Chartopteryx Westwood, 1841 = Cyphaleus Westwood, 1841; Pseudobolbophanes Kulzer, 1954 = Bolbophanes Carter, 1913; Cyclophanes Carter, 1913 = Hemicyclus Westwood 1841. One new genus, Chlorophanes, is proposed for the single species Trisilus punctipennis (Carter). The 82 new combinations proposed are listed in an appendix at the end of the paper.
A review of the family Transversotrematidae (Trematoda : Digenea) with the description of a new genus, Crusziella
Authors: Cribb TH , Bray RA , Barker SC
Published: April 2005

The Transversotrernatidae are reviewed. The following species are recognised: Transversotrema haasi, T. licinum, T. patialense, T. chauhani, Prototransversotrema steeri, P. exquisitum, sp. nov., Crusziella formosa, gen. et sp. nov. and Squamacola parvivitellaria. Four species of Transversotrema (T. koliensis, T. laruei, T. chackai and T. soparkari) are placed into synonymy with T. patialense. The Squamacolidae is made a synonym of the Transversotrernatidae. Prototransversotrema exquisitum is described from Liza subviridis (Mugilidae) from North Queensland. Crusziella formosa is described from Crenimugil crenilabis (Mugilidae) from the southern Great Barrier Reef. New Australian hosts and localities are recorded for Transversotrema haasi, T. licinum, T. patialense and Prototransversotrema steeri. Phylogeny in the Transversotrernatidae is inferred from cladistic analyses of six characters. This analysis suggests that Crusziella and Transversotrema are most closely related. The geographical distribution and host-specificity of the Transversotrernatidae is discussed.
The phylogeny and classification of the Pseudoscorpionida (Chelicerata : Arachnida)
Authors: Harvey MS
Published: April 2005

A new pseudoscorpion classification is proposed with two new suborders, Epiocheirata and Iocheirata, based upon a cladistic analysis of relationships within the order. The Epiocheirata contains two superfamilies: Chthonioidea for Chthoniidae, Tridenchthoniidae and Lechytiidae, stat. nov. (for Lechytia), and Feaelloidea for Feaellidae and Pseudogarypidae. The Iocheirata is divided into two infraorders: Hemictenata Balzan and Panctenata Balzan. The Hemictenata contains a single superfamily, Neobisioidea for Bochicidae, Gymnobisiidae, Hyidae, Ideoroncidae, Neobisiidae, Parahyidae, fam. nov. (for Parahya) and Syarinidae. The Panctenata contains two microorders: Mestommatina, nov, with Garypoidea for Cheiridiidae, Garypidae, Geogarypidae, Larcidae, fam. nov. (for Archeolarca and Larca) and Pseudochiridiidae, and Olpioidea for Menthidae and Olpiidae; and Elassommatina, nov. with Sternophoroidea, stat. nov, for Sternophoridae, and Cheliferoidea for Atemnidae, Cheliferidae, Chernetidae and Withiidae. The Vachoniidae is synonymised with the Bochicidae, and the Cheiridioidea is treated as a synonym of Garypoidea. Philomaoria Chamberlin and Philomaoriini are transferred from the Withiidae to the Cheliferidae. The chthoniid tribe Pseudotyrannochthoniini is elevated to subfamily rank, and the systematic position of the Devonian family Dracochelidae is discussed.
Systematics of Australian and New Guinean Microplitis Foerster and Snellenius Westwood (Hymenoptera : Braconidae : Microgastrinae), with a review of their biology and host relationships
Authors: Austin AD , Dangerfield PC
Published: April 2005

The Australian and New Guinean species of the genera Microplitis Foerster and Snellenius Westwood are revised. Twenty species of Microplitis and three species of Snellenius are described as new, while Microplitis basalis (Bingham), M. demolitor Wilkinson, M. manilae Ashmead, M. perelegans (Bingham), Snellenius maculipennis (Szepligeti), S. philippinensis (Ashmead) and S. vollenhovii Westwood are redescribed. The genus Glabromicroplitis Papp (type species, Glabromicroplitis mahunkai Papp) is placed into synonymy with Microplitis. Information on the distribution of each species, host relationships where known, and taxonomic relationships are provided, along with an illustrated key to species. Aspects of the biology and host relationships of both genera are critically reviewed.
Morphological and chemotaxonomic identification of Blattella cockroaches (Blattaria : Blattellidae) from Taiwan and selected Pacific Basin locations
Authors: Brenner RJ , Carlson DA , Roth LM , Patterson RS
Published: April 2005

A total of 58 museum specimens of Blattella cockroaches from Taiwan was identified on the basis of traditional morphological traits. Cuticular hydrocarbon analysis was performed for each specimen by means of gas chromatography, and this was compared with morphology-based identifications. Additionally, 38 specimens captured at field sites were subjected to hydrocarbon analysis. Four of the five species known to occur in Taiwan were encountered. B. bisignata was the predominant species (n = 67), followed by B. lituricollis (n = 25). Other species included B. karnyi and B. sauteri. Although females of B. bisignata and B. lituricollis cannot be differentiated unequivocally on morphological traits, cuticular hydrocarbon profiles were markedly different, one profile clearly resembling those of male B. lituricollis. Patterns also were consistent among nymphal stages. Both species were found in dense ground covers of leaf litter and mulches in urban or rural settings, and in pure or mixed populations. Hydrocarbon profiles of B. bisignata from Hong Kong and Laos were consistent with those from Taiwan, based on ANOVA of KI (Kovats. Indices) 3010 and KI 3040 peak areas. These peaks comprise part of a novel homologous series of di, tri- and tetramethyl alkanes. Some geographic variation in specimens of B. lituricollis from Hawaii and Taiwan was noted. Chemotaxonomy has several advantages over traditional taxonomic procedures in separating closely-related species, or in identifying life stages when no morphology-based keys exist.
Revision of the Iridomyrmex calvus species-group (Hymenoptera : Formicidae)
Authors: Shattuck SO
Published: April 2005

The calvus species-group of the ant genus Iridomyrmex Mayr is defined for the first time and revised at the species level. Fifteen species are placed in three complexes within the group, with eleven species newly described. The group consists of the following species: I. albitarsus Wheeler; I. anderseni, sp. nov.; I. anteroinclinus, sp. nov.; I. argutus, sp. nov.; I. calvus Emery; I. cappoinclinus, sp. nov.; I. cephaloinclinus, sp. nov.; I. hesperus, sp. nov.; I. mimulus, sp. nov.; I. notialis, sp. nov.; I. obsidianus Emery; I. occiduus, sp. nov.; I. prismatis, sp. nov.; I. rufoinclinus, sp. nov.; and I. viridigaster Clark. A lectotype is designated for I. calvus Emery. A key to species is included and distributions and biologies are summarised.