bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introdução
Authors: Rocha Gustavo
Published: June 2020

Somos naturalmente privilegiados. Vivemos no Planeta Água, cantado nos versos de Guilherme Arantes. Mais: moramos no Brasil, que detém 12% da água potável disponível no mundo. Isso não nos impede de sermos diariamente confrontados com problemas humanos relacionados à água. Problemas que encontram gênese nas desigualdades regionais brasileiras, perpassando por problemas sistêmicos de captação e distribuição, tratamentos precários e desperdícios. Mas essa não é uma jabuticaba. A escassez de água no mundo e a falta de atenção a essa commodity fundamental à vida humana fizeram com que a Organização das Nações Unidas, em sua Assembleia Geral do dia 28 de julho de 2010, reconhecesse o acesso à água limpa e segura e ao saneamento básico, direitos humanos fundamentais (Resolução nº 64/292). Neste ano, o 8° Fórum Mundial da Água, realizado em Brasília, uma vez mais lançou luzes sobre a questão da crise hídrica mundial. O Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público, atento a todas essas questões, realizou o seminário “Água, Vida e Direitos Humanos”, debatendo com a sociedade civil, Poder Legislativo, Executivo, Judiciário e com o próprio Ministério Público problemas e soluções relacionados à água. Para manter a atenção da comunidade jurídica e acadêmica sobre o tema, a Revista do Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público do ano de 2018 tem como tema Água, Vida e Direitos Humanos à luz dos riscos socioambientais. A Revista do CNMP, publicação deste Conselho que já se encontra em sua 7ª edição, sempre concentrou discussões jurídicas relevantes e sensíveis à instituição, tendo debatido, em 2011, os Modelos de Ministério Público e o Ministério Público e as Polícias em uma perspectiva comparada; em 2012, as Principais Decisões entre 2005 e 2011; em 2014, A atuação do Ministério Público em defesa da Sociedade; em 2015, Improbidade Administrativa; em 2017, o Ministério Público e o Combate à Corrupção e, agora, Água, Vida e Direitos Humanos. O tema da Revista do CNMP de 2018 representa não apenas a preocupação do Conselho Nacional e do Ministério Público brasileiro com as questões hídricas, mas demonstra, igualmente, que o Ministério Público, a par de manter o pleno exercício de suas funções destinadas à manutenção da probidade administrativa, não deve se olvidar de questões humanas subjacentes e fundamentais, sem as quais o próprio homem estaria em risco; volta-se, nesta edição, portanto, para a relação fundamental entre água e vida. Ao concitar a comunidade acadêmica e estudiosos em geral a apresentar estudos e artigos sobre o tema, a Comissão de Acompanhamento Legislativo e Jurisprudência, responsável desde a origem do Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público pela publicação da Revista do CNMP, recebeu inúmeros e valiosos trabalhos, selecionando os quatorze artigos que passam a compor esta revista. Que sirva à reflexão e nos mantenha sempre atentos.
العربية والإسلام
Authors: Afifah Iffah
Published: June 2020

إن الهدف من هذه الكتابة يكون حثا وتشجيعا للطلاب والمدرسين على أن اللغة العربية من أهم الدروس التي يحتاج دراستها المجتمع العالمي والإسلامي خاصة. وهي من أول منهاج الدراسة عند علماء السلف، لعلاقتها الوثيقة بالقرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية والإسلام والعلوم الإسلامية، واعترفوا بذلك العلماء السلف والخلف من المسلمين والمستشرقين، و قد استفادوا  كثيرا من مميزاتـها ومنافعها كبيرة، ولـها أيضا دور كبير في بناء الحضارة العالمية واندفاع التغير الاجتماعي. فدراسة اللغة وخاصة اللغة العربية أصبحت مهمة جدا يجب على كل دارس ومدرس معرفتها دراسة ابتدائية أم دراسة عالية عميقة ولا بد من إدخالها في المقرر الدراسي.
تطوير الكتاب التعليمي لمهارة الكلام بالخريطة الذهنية
Authors: Ningsih Wiwik Prasetiyo
Published: June 2020

كان معهد الرسالة العصري المبرمج العالمي جعل اللغة العربية كلغة رسمية حيث تجب الطالبات استخدامها كل يوم. وفي تطبيقها واجه المعهد بعض المشكلات، منها: 1) إن الطالبات الجديدات مطالبة إلى تكيف اللغة مع الطالبات القدماء المستوعبات باللغة العربية بأسرع مايمكن. 2) كان الكتاب التعليمي لمهارة الكلام المستخدم في هذا المعهد مازال تقليديا. وجاءت الباحثة بالخريطة الذهنية لحل هذه المشكلة. لأن الخريطة الذهنية هي من الطريقة الأسهل لتخزين المعلومات في مخ، واستخراجها منه، إنها وسيلة إبداعية فعالة لتدوين الملاحظات التي "ترسم الخرائط" لأفكار. وإن الأهداف لهذا البحث هي: 1) لفهم كيفية تطوير الكتاب التعلمي لمهارة الكلام بالخريطة الذهنية. 2) لفهم موصفات الكتاب التعلمي لمهارة الكلام بالخريطة الذهنية. 3) لفهم مدى فعالية الكتاب التعلمي لمهارة الكلام بالخريطة الذهنية.

استخدمت الباحثة منهج البحث والتطوير لكتابة هذا البحث. وهو طريقة البحث المستخدمة للحصول على نتائج معينة وتجربة فعالة. ولاتمام هذا البحث استخدمت الباحثة الخطوات لبورج وجال (Borg and Gall). 

ونتائج هذا البحث: 1) يتم هذا التطوير بالخطوات: الدراسة المبدئية وجمع البيانات وتصميم المنتج وتصديق الخبراء وتعديل المنتج وتجربة الصلاحية وتعديل المنتج وتجربة الفعالية وتنقيح المنتج ونشر الكتاب. 2) ومن موصفات هذا الكتاب التعليمي: "تكلم لنا". ويحتوي الكتاب على المفردات الأساسية، العبارات المهمة، الحوارات، والتدريبات. 3) إن استخدام الكتاب التعليمي لمهارة الكلام بالخريطة الذهنية فعالة لترقية مهارة الكلام وتحصل نتيجة على 10,4. بمعنى لهذا الكتاب التعليمي المطور أثر كبير (Significant)  أي فعالة لنجاح الطالبات في تعلم مهارة الكلام.
Sastra dan Konflik Sosial Pasca Arab Spring Pemerintahan Bashar Assad Dalam Novel Amal fī Sūriā
Authors: Zuhirawati Zuhirawati
Published: June 2020

Berbicara mengenai sastra tentu tiada lepas dari pengarang dan masyarakat. Pengarang sebagai  subjek karya sastra sedangkan masyarakat sebagai objeknya kemudian berkat seorang pengarang maka  terciptalah sebuah karya sastra. Dalam kehidupan masyarakat tentu tiada bisa terlepas dari perseteruan ataupun konflik baik itubersifat  konflik antar pribadi atau perorangan  maupun antar kelompok dan golongan. Seringkali seorang pengarang atau sastrawan mengangkat mengenai peristiwasejarah yang bersifat fakta lalu dituangkannya ke dalam karya sastranya dalam hal ini adalah novel.Namun terlepas dari semua itu tidak bisa juga dikatakan bahwa semua karya sastra bersifat realita.Sebagaimana yang tercantum  dalam novel Amal fī Sūriā karya seorang sastrawan perempuan  asal  Aleppo, Suriah  yang bernama Dina Nasrini.Di dalam novel tersebut banyak sekali menceritakan mengenai konflik sosial ataupun peperangan yang terjadi di Suriah pada tahun 2011 lalu.Konflik tersebut bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor baik itu ekonomi, politik,keagamaan dan sebagainya.

            Dalam melakukan  penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan  pendekatan objektif dengan memberikan perhatian utama pada unsur-unsur yang terdapat di dalam teks cerita  yang menjadi objek  material  dalam penelitian ini. Selain daripada itu, peneliti juga menggunakan metode  deskriptif analisis yaitu dengan cara mendeskripsikan fakta-fakta yang kemudian di susul dengan analisis.[1] Langkah yang akan ditempuh peneliti adalah membaca dan menghayati dengan seksama teks  yang akan diteliti untuk mengungkapkan teks aspek social yang terjadi dalam novel tersebut.Ada dua teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini.Pertama, teori sastra Rene Wellek, sastra sebagai cerminan  kenyataan. Sosiologi  sastra sangat erat hubungannya dengan  kehidupan masyarakat. Syawqi Dayf  pun mengungkapkan bahwa tidak ada sastra tanpa adanya emanasi masyarakatلا يوجد ادب بدون المجتمع ينبطق عنه .[2]

Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa  novel Amal fī Sūriā sarat sekali menggambarkan mengenai konflik sosial Suriah yang terjadi pada masa pemerintaha Bashar Assad di Suriah hal itu sangat   terlihat dalam teks yang banyak sekali menggambarkan mengenai kekejaman-kekejaman yang dilakukan oleh Bashar Assad terhadap rakyat Suriah. Perbedaan dalam aspek ideologi, politik  menjadi faktor utama yang menyebabkan konflik semakin meluas bahkan berujung pada peperangan sipil di Suriah. Melalui novel ini, pengarang telah memberikan gambaran bahwa rezim Assad merupakan salah satu contoh dari rezim yang otoriter, tiran dan juga diktator terhadap rakyatnya sendiri. Dan novel ini dapat menjadi cerminan  mengenai peristiwa pada masanya yaitu masa pemerintahan Bashar Assad.

Kata Kunci : Sastra, Konflik Sosial, Arab Spring, Sosiologi Sastra.
استراتيجية تعليم اللغة العربية بالألعاب اللغوية
Authors: Zaifuddin Akhmad
Published: June 2020

كما عرفنا أن تعليم اللغة العربية قد نشر بإندونيسيا، إما في المؤسسات الرسمية أم غير الرسمية، وإما في المدارس أم في المعاهد أم في الجامعات. ولكن من الآسف، أن تعليم اللغة العربية في بلادنا الآن مازال ولم يزل يعاني مشكلات متعدّدة. ومن تلك المشكلات انخفاض دافعية الطلبة في عملية التعليم. وانخفاض الدافعية وجده الكاتب عند الطلبة في المدارس والجامعات. ويحللها الكاتب فوجدها أن مشكلة دافعية الطلبة تتركز كثيرة في الأمور الأربعة، وهي حول الدفاع والاحتياج في الدراسة، الرجاء والأمل للمستقبل، والبيئة الدراسية. ثم استنتج الكاتب أن أكثر الطلبة ضعفاء في هذه الأمور الأربعة. فلهذا، جرّب الكاتب أن يقدّم استراتيجية تعليم اللغة العربية بالألعاب اللغوية لأن لعب اللغوية دورا هاما في إثارة الدافعية والمحافظة عليها.

الكلمات المفتاحية: استراتيجية، تعليم اللغة العربية، الألعاب اللغوية
Islam Nusantara
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah
Published: June 2020

Islam di Nusantara identik dengan identitas agama Islam sebagai agama yang menjadi mayoritas dianut oleh penduduk Indonesia. Ada beberapa faktor yang mendukung tersebarnya Islam di Nusantara yaitu ajaran Islam yang menekankan prinsip ketauhidan dalam sistem ketuhanannya, fleksibilitas (daya lentur) ajaran Islam, dan pada gilirannya dipandang oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai institusi yang amat dominan dalam melawan kolonialisme bangsa Eropa.Madura memilikikekhususan-kultural antara lainpada ketaatan, ketundukan, dan kepasrahankepada empat figurutama Buppa,’ Babbu, Guru, bandalam berkehidupan. Dari sebagian banyak budaya Madura, ada tradisi Madura yang memang telah melegenda, diantaranya adalah Kearifan Lokal Tradisi Corak, Kearifan Lokal Tradisi Rokat Tase’, Kearifan Lokal Tradisi Samman.

            Islam Madura merupakan salah satu varian Islam kultural yang ada di Indonesia setelah terjadinya dialektika antara Islam dengan budaya Madura. Proses dialektika tersebut pada gilirannya menghasilkan Islam Madura yang unik, khas, dan esoterik, dengan ragamnya tradisi-tradisi Madura yang sudah disisipi nilai-nilai Islam. Yang pada perkembangan selanjutnya, tradisi-tradisi tersebut yang dihasilkan dari kebiasaan-kebiasaan yang berbasis Islam membentuk suatu budaya madura yang khas seperti tahlil, samman dan lain sebagainya, budaya Madura yang bernilai Islam.

 

Kata Kunci: Islam, Budaya Madura, dan Kearifan Lokal
علم اللغة النفسية في منهج تعلم اللغة العربية في عصر ما بعد الطريقة
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad _
Published: June 2020

تهدف هذه الورقة إلى تقديم نظرية علم اللغة النفسية كأساسة لتطويرة منهجية تعلم اللغة العربية في عصر ما بعد الطريقة. تعتمد هذه الورقة على المصادر الببليوغرافية في شكل كتب ومقالات (دراسات الوصفية) في المجلات العلمية المتعلقة بالموضوع. قراءة بيانات التفكير من قبل الأكاديميين باستخدام نهج بناء حاسم ومعنى المادة باستخدام تحليل المحتوى. استنادًا إلى الدراسات التي تم إجراؤها، في سياق ما بعد الطرق، يُنظر إلى النظرية اللغوية النفسية على أنها مبنى يستخدم كأساس لتطوير نماذج التعلم. حيث يتسم هذا العصر بتقليص دور الطريقة في تعلم اللغة. واستنادا على هذا افتراض، ولدت نموذج التعلم مثل التعلم النشط والتعلم التعاوني، و فاكيم (pakem) .علاوة على ذلك، عند تطبيق هذا النموذج، يتعين على المعلم القيام بدور مثالي. النموذج المتكامل، مطلوب من المعلم أن يكون لديه الكفاءة الشخصية، والكفاءة الاجتماعية، والكفاءة المهنية.

الكلمات المفتاحية: علم اللغة النفسية، منهجية تعلم اللغة العربية، عصر مابعد الطريقة
Konsep Homeschooling Dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Sodik Hairus
Published: June 2020

Homeschooling is essentially a directed educational process carried out by parents or families of their children with a conducive teaching and learning process. Either by using a single type of homeschooling, compound homeschooling, and community homeschooling. In Islam, the learning process of the homeschooling model carried out by parents or family is common. In fact, Islam very firmly gives the responsibility of Islamic education to parents. Parents are first and foremost giving education to their children in a good direction so that they are guided into children who can be proud of in the future before God
Peran Guru Agama Dalam Menanamkan Moderasi Beragama
Authors: AR Samsul
Published: June 2020

Islam encourages the followers to be moderate, belances, not extreme, and not inclusive. TheTawasuthis part of the moderation of religion that must be embededto the students so that students have a moderate attitude in thier life of the nation and state. In the middle of the advancement of the Indonesian nation, religious moderation is needed by all human being and its must be taught to students so that they can become peaceful, compassionate and tolerance people in the future. The involvement of religious teachers in providing understanding of the tawasuth for the students are needed in order that its can be habatuation in their life. The content of Islamic religious education is emphasized on the understanding of compassion, mutual love, mutual respect, and help each other in kindness. Because with this understanding, the students can implement it in their daily life. This paper explains the role of religious teacher in embeding religious moderation. This paper uses the library research method with a descriptive analysis approach.
إدارة الأنشطة الإضافية لمهارتي " الكلام والكتابة " في دار اللغة العربية والفقه السلفي بمعهد النقاية لاتي سمنب مادورا
Authors: Afandi Afandi
Published: June 2020

It is not easy to speack arabic  for a student who are not native speaker, but it will be solved through much rehearsal. The student are not native speaker will be easy  to speak and write arabic. the rehearsal of this additional activity will be effective if it supports by right management.

There are some purposes of this reasearch : 1. To know the planning of extracurricular for speaking and writing skill. 2. To know the organization of extracurricular for speaking and writing skill 3. To know the evaluation of extracurricular for speaking and writing skill.

In This  research, the researcher uses qualitative research approach and case study methode. there are two data sources of this reasearch namely primer and secondary data sources, collecting the data through interview, observation, and documentation. Whereas analysing the data uses mils and hubberman analysing models.

Based on the result of this research, can take conclusion that management of addtional activity for speaking and writing skill, the first is planning,  in this planning consist of establishing purpose, establishing programe, establishing advisor, establishing the fasility of the implamentation of speaking and writing skills. The second is organization, in this organization consist of distributing assigment and obligation to the teacher. The third is evalution, the evalution of extracurricular of speaking skill did orally whereas the evalution for writing skill through correcting the result of student’s wriring for one month.

Keywords : management, extracurricular, speaking skill and writing skill
FALIA DALAM SISTEM PERLADANGAN ORANG MUNA
Authors: Suryaningsi Tini
Published: June 2020

Kajian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan persepsi tentang falia dan praktik perladangan masyarakat Muna. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskripriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa dokumentasi, pengamatan, dan wawancara mendalam dengan informan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa falia dalam kehidupan masyarakat Muna harus ditaati oleh para petani beserta keluarganya karena sangat berhubungan dengan keberhasilan dalam perladangan. Falia berlaku sebagai bentuk aturan berupa pantang-larang selama berladang hingga selesai dilaksanakan ritual kaago-ago. Setiap tindakan harus disadari bahwa ada perbuatan yang tidak boleh dilakukan karena dapat menyebabkan tanaman mendapat gangguan dari hewan-hewan liar dan hama penyakit, bahkan anggota keluarga dapat terserang penyakit yang susah untuk disembuhkan. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa falia dipercaya memiliki kuasa bersifat magis terhadap tanaman perladangan orang Muna. Adapun fungsi falia dalam kehidupan masyarakat Muna adalah mengontrol tindakan manusia sebagai pengelola alam agar tetap menjaga lingkungan dengan baik serta menjaga hubungan manusia dengan sesama dan makhluk gaib sebagai penguasa alam.
The management of the budget for results and the quality of expenditure in local governments
Authors: Vargas Merino Jorge Alberto , Zavaleta Chávez Walter Enrique
Published: June 2020

This research had a non-experimental, longitudinal and correlational predictive design. We worked with the 83 local governments of the La Libertad Region in Peru, and used content analysis as a research technique. The diagnosis of budget management by results shows an execution level of 84% at the level of The Region under study compared to the execution reached by the 83 districts whose execution reaches only 66%. The quality of expenditure was measured, identifying the indicators that guide the improvement of the population's living standards, mainly in health and education, and observing significant improvements, although there is still a significant gap. It is confirmed that there is a direct and significant relationship between results-based budget management and the quality of spending; this is verified firstly with the level of global significance of the statistical model [Prob (F Statistic) = 0.0000], and also with the correlation coefficient of 0.69, mainly with the indicators of the Urban and Rural Sanitation programs, the Access and Adequate Use of Telecommunications Services Program, and finally, the RBS (Regular Basic Education) Learning Achievement Program.
La gestión del presupuesto por resultados y la calidad del gasto en gobiernos locales
Authors: Vargas Merino Jorge Alberto , Zavaleta Chávez Walter Enrique
Published: June 2020

Esta investigación tuvo un diseño no experimental, longitudinal y correlacional predictivo. Se trabajó con los 83 gobiernos locales de la Región La Libertad en Perú, y utilizó el análisis de Contenido como técnica de investigación. El diagnóstico de la gestión del presupuesto por Resultados arroja un nivel de ejecución de un 84% a nivel de La Región en estudio en comparación con la ejecución alcanzada por los 83 distritos cuya ejecución alcanza sólo un 66%. Se midió la calidad del gasto, identificando los indicadores que guían el mejoramiento de los niveles de vida de la población, en salud y educación principalmente, observándose mejoras significativas, aunque aún existe una brecha importante. Se confirma que existe una relación directa y significativa entre la gestión del presupuesto por resultados y la calidad del gasto; lo cual se comprueba en primer lugar con el nivel de significancia global del modelo estadístico [Prob (F Statistic) = 0.0000], y además con el coeficiente de correlación de 0.69, principalmente con los indicadores de programas de Saneamiento Urbano y Rural, Programa de Acceso y Uso adecuado de Servicios de Telecomunicaciones, y finalmente, el Programa de Logros de Aprendizaje de EBR (Educación Básica Regular).
La evolución de la responsabilidad social empresarial a través de las teorías organizacionales
Authors: Herrera Acosta José Francisco , Vásquez Torres María del Carmen , Ochoa Ávila Eneida
Published: June 2020

A inicios del siglo XX, se origina una de las épocas más interesantes para el ámbito organizacional, siendo reconocida esta como, la segunda revolución industrial, en donde hubo una gran cantidad de avances e innovaciones tecnológicas, cabe destacar que, dentro de esta etapa, se generaron importantes aportaciones estableciendo de esta manera las teorías organizacionales más representativas en el ámbito empresarial. De modo que, el presente documento de investigación tiene como objetivo realizar una reflexión teórica mediante una exhaustiva revisión literaria para identificar como la RSE (Responsabilidad Social Empresaria) ha sido afectada por las diversas teorías organizacionales a través de los años. En conclusión, la historia, así como los documentos que hablan acerca de las diversas teorías organizacionales, demuestran que los mayores aportes a este rubro se realizaron durante el siglo XX, en la época de la industrialización, aunque, dichos aportes estaban destinados mayormente a cuestiones de producción. Las empresas de la actualidad tienen que analizar cada uno de los beneficios que la RSE puede generar para su operación diaria, y aunque la principal barrera de que esta no sea implementada dentro del ámbito organizacional es que la mayoría de los directivos la consideran más un gasto que una inversión a largo plazo, está a ciencia cierta es una estrategia más que viable hacia el desarrollo de las organizaciones, ya que permite establecer un panorama a futuro sustentable.
Organizaciones justas: ¿es posible construirlas?
Authors: Vasquez Trespalacios Elsa Maria , Aranda Beltran Carolina
Published: June 2020

El bienestar de los trabajadores y la productividad de las empresas han sido temas de gran interés en la literatura científica y en la vida diaria de las organizaciones. La justicia organizacional es uno de los factores que contribuye a que se alcancen estos resultados.
Las teorías que intentan explicar los efectos que tiene una percepción de justicia en el trabajo hacen énfasis en la relación de reciprocidad que debe existir entre el empleado y el empleador. La percepción de que el empleador actúa de forma justa da origen ab sentimientos de confianza, compromiso y lealtad hacia el empleador, lo que repercute en un mejor desempeño laboral y en unas actitudes positivas en el lugar de trabajo.
Cada uno de los procedimientos que se llevan a cabo en el ambiente laboral, tales como la selección de personal, la evaluación de desempeño, la resolución de conflictos, la distribución de las recompensas y los despidos tienen un alto riesgo de generar percepciones de injusticia por las partes involucradas, es por esto que deben repensarse a la luz de las dimensiones de la justicia organizacional.
El objetivo entonces es conocer de qué forma se puede aplicar el concepto de la justicia en los procedimientos más importantes a nivel organizacional.
Perception of national and foreign tourists of the service in restaurants from Todos Santos Magical Town, Mexico
Authors: Monroy Ceseña Mauro Alejandro , Urcádiz Cázares Francisco Javier
Published: June 2020

The magic town of Todos Santos is a strategic site for local development and is dependent on the tourist economy driven by national and foreign visitors. Restaurants in Todos Santos obtain raw materials locally to provide quality products for different food specialties. The quality of service (SQ) and customer satisfaction (CS) are two constructs that when evaluated are critical for any market. In this study, the perception and relationship between SQ and SC in the different restaurant specialties is evaluated, contrasting the perception between national and foreign tourists segments. Using 162 surveys, the constructs were evaluated using five dimensions: installations, accessibility, human capital, atmosphere, and food, where hypothetically food and human capital should be the main determinant. The results suggest that SQ and CS are perceived similarly between both segments, except in the Italian specialty in all its dimensions, and partially in Japanese. The food dimension was the highest value on average however, it was not significantly different from the rest of the dimensions. The SQ had a moderate positive impact on CS given the perception of diners by segment based on correlation analysis, the causal effect of which must be determined with detail.
Percepción de turistas nacionales y foráneos del servicio en restaurantes de Todos Santos Pueblo Mágico, México
Authors: Monroy Ceseña Mauro Alejandro , Urcádiz Cázares Francisco Javier
Published: June 2020

El pueblo mágico de Todos Santos es un sitio estratégico para el desarrollo local y dependiente de la economía turística incentivada por visitantes nacionales y foráneos. Los restaurantes del pueblo obtienen la materia prima de la región para prestar servicios en diferentes especialidades de comida. La calidad del servicio (SQ) y la satisfacción del cliente (CS) son dos constructos que al evaluarse permiten potenciar las estrategias de cualquier mercado. En este estudio, se evalúa la percepción y la relación de la SQ y la CS en las diferentes especialidades de restaurantes contrastando la percepción entre los turistas nacionales y foráneos. Mediante 162 encuestas se valoraron los constructos utilizando cinco dimensiones: instalaciones, accesibilidad, capital humano, atmósfera y alimentos, donde hipotéticamente la de alimentos y capital humano deberían ser los principales determinantes. Los resultados sugieren que la SQ y la CS se perciben de manera similar entre ambos segmentos, excepto en la especialidad Italiana en todas sus dimensiones y parcialmente la Japonesa. La dimensión de comida fue la mayor valorada, sin embargo, no fue significativamente diferente del resto de las dimensiones. La SQ tuvo un impacto en la CS dada la percepción de los comensales por segmento de acuerdo a un análisis de correlación, cuyo efecto causal deber ser profundizado.
Psychosocial Problems and Its Associated Factors among Individual Residing in Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation Centers
Authors: Basnet Sudarshan , Koirala Arun Kumar , Shrestha Niranjan
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Psychosocial problems among substance abusers are one of the important, challenging public health problems in a worldwide context which is often remain unrecognized and left untreated. This study aims to identify the psychosocial problems and its associated factors among individuals residing in drug and alcohol rehabilitation centers.

Methods : A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 271 participants from January to July 2019 who are residing in four different rehabilitation centers in Kathmandu. A standard tool ‘Drug Use Screening Inventory – Revised (DUSI-R)’ was used to assess psychosocial problem with face to face interview method. Data were entered in Epi-Data and analyzed using SPSS.

Results: Majority of the participants (54.2%) had secondary level education. Most of the participants (43.5%) were unemployed and were found to be involved in substance abuse. The majority of the family member of the participant (62.7%) didn't use alcohol. The starting age of most of the participants (94.5%) who were using drugs was less than 25 years. The mean score of DUSI-R tools was found to be 48.89. The majority of the participants were using alcohol, which was easily available in the market. It was also found that the psychosocial problem was associated with age and education. The psychological problem is seen in less than half (46.1%) of the participant and found to be more prevail in below 30 years of age group and mostly who are in secondary level of education.

Conclusions: About half of the participants residing in rehabilitation center had psychosocial problem. Secondary level education period is a crucial time to be more aware where students are at greater risk of having substance abuse including psychosocial problem.
Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity among Reproductive Age Women of Kaski District, Nepal
Authors: Tripathi Narayan , Koirala Arun Kumar , Dhakal Rojana
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are associated with numerous comorbidities so they are of great public health concern. In Nepal, the proportion of overweight and obese women of reproductive age has been gradually increasing which marks obesity as a serious public health challenge. The study aimed to assess the factors associated with overweight and obesity among reproductive aged women residing in Pokhara metropolitan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 278 married women of reproductive age at Pokhara metropolitan, Kaski district, Nepal using probability proportional to size sampling method. Face to face interview was conducted among respondents through pretested questionnaire. Similarly, height and weight were also measured. Based on anthropometric measurements, Body Mass Index was computed and defined according to the World Health Organization criteria. The association between overweight /obesity and the explanatory variables were assessed in bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test and the association was further explored by using multivariate logistic regression.

Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 49.6%; with 33.7% of overweight and 15.9 % of obesity. Factors associated with overweight/obesity were age (AOR= 13.85, 95% CI: 5.77-40.80), business as occupation (AOR=7.39, 95%CI: 2.25-14.17), fast food consumption of three or more times a week (AOR=3.42, 95%CI: 1.01-11.63), energy intake above the RDA (AOR=5.45; 95%CI: 2.19-13.55), low or moderate physical activity level (AOR=2.84; 95%CI: 1.18-6.83) and multiparity (AOR=17.80; 95%CI: 4.04-89.06).

Conclusions: The study provides evidence that the prevalence of overweight, obesity is remarkably high in married women of reproductive age in Pokhara metropolitan. The study concluded older age, business as occupation, consumption of fast foods for three or more times per week, low or moderate physical activity level, energy intake above the RDA and multiparty had higher odds of being overweight/obesity. On the other hand fruits and vegetables consumption were found to be protective against overweight/obesity.
Job-related Stress among Nurses in Selected Hospitals of Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Gurung Gaura , Gharti Kamala , Karki Sarita
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Nursing is considered as one of the most stressful and demanding profession. In the health care organizations, work stress may contribute to absenteeism and turnover, both of which detract from the quality of care. The aim of this study was to assess the job-related stress and to identify and compare the factors associated with job stress among nurses’ working in selected hospitals of Pokhara, Nepal.

Methods: The descriptive research design based on simple random sampling method was used. The sample size was 238. The data was collected using self-administered questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic information and Expanded Nursing Stress Scale. Both descriptive and inferential statistics was used for data analysis.

Results: The study findings showed that majority of nurses were in moderate level of stress and ‘patients and their families' were the most stressful factors perceived by both government and private hospital nurses. ‘Problems with peers’ was the least stressful factor perceived by both group of nurses and experiencing ‘discrimination’ was also the least stressful factors for private hospital nurses. Furthermore, a chi-square test revealed significant association between work setting and job stress in government hospital nurses.

Conclusions: Nurses working in the both government and private hospitals were working under stressful conditions.
Emerging Research Areas in Social Sciences Due to Covid-19
Authors: Farooq Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Covid-19 has impacted all of the walks of life. It has changed the behavior of
humans. Due to lockdown, people had the opportunity to rethink several
perspectives of life. On ends of Lockdown, it is expected that, the customers will no
more be the same, rushing towards product and reacting to every marketing
advertisement. The Pandemic and Lockdown has taught the people to live with less.
It also taught us, that technology development should be towards making humans
life better. The term “Customer is king” has become more valuable in pandemic
days. No matter, how many airlines one firm has, how much advance one economy
is, if the health of humans is on danger, everything discontinues. This pandemic has
taught us to focus more on creating the product, which improves humans’ life, do
marketing and advertising that are customer centric. In education, more focus is
required on mobile learning. The transportation dynamics have also change. The
requirement of self-deriving cars has increased. The pandemic reiterated strongly
that prevention is better than cure. Public awareness can sever more people than
doctors' services in times of crisis. All these learning are will create new research
areas in social sciences. This research paper highlights research areas for post-
COVID developments.
Impact of Covid-19 on Sponsorship Marketing
Authors: Dastisheh Ashkan , Raju Valliappan
Published: June 2020

Due to Covid-19, every expert in the industry is predicting the future. Some
researchers are expecting changes in the market-place. However, the scorching
issue is the impact of Covid-19 on existing sponsorship contracts. In the Marketing
domain, accountability of sponsorship and its Return on Investment is a widely
discussed topic. A domain that was already facing issues of accountability and
measurement of the Covid-19 crises further enhanced the ambiguity. For
sponsorship beside measured the celebrity selection parameters for products and
services are also changing. Due to the Lockdown and popularity of other platforms
such as YouTube and Tik Tok, the influencers are coming from other areas besides
movies, TV shows, and sports. In the research papers, the author has investigated
recent developments in sponsorship and provide their perspective based on
literature about the impact of Covid-19 on sponsorship Marketing. In the end, the
paper also provides recommendations from Practitioners to handle existing
contractual obligations of sponsorship.
Manevi Şükran Ölçeği'nin Türkçe Uyarlaması Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: KAPLANER Kübra , EKŞİ Halil
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı Hlava, Elfers ve Offringa(2014) tarafından geliştirilen Manevi Şükran Ölçeğinin Türkçe adaptasyon çalışmasını gerçekleştirmektir. Bu doğrultuda ölçeğin Türkçe formunun psikometrik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemi toplamda 430 katılımcıdan oluşan üç ayrı örneklem grubundan oluşmaktadır. Birinci örneklem grubu üzerinden elde edilen verilerle ölçeğin dilsel eşdeğerlik çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. İkinci örneklem grubu üzerinden elde verilerle ölçüt bağlantılı geçerlik çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği, güvenirliği ve madde analizleri 260’ı (%72)  kadın 100’ü (%28) erkek olmak üzere toplam 360 bireyden toplanan veriler aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Benzer ölçek geçerliği için Kardaş ve Yalçın(2017) tarafından geliştirilen Şükran ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Manevi Şükran Ölçeği şükranın ifade edilmesi alt boyutu ile Şükran Ölçeği toplam puanları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki(.86,p<.01), Manevi Şükran Ölçeği aşkın şükran alt boyutu ile Şükran Ölçeği toplam puanları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki(.82,p<.01), Manevi Şükran Ölçeği değer olarak şükran alt boyutu ile Şükran Ölçeği toplam puanları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki(.78,p<.01), Manevi Şükran Ölçeği aşkın şükran alt boyutu ile Şükran Ölçeği toplam puanları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki (.57,p<.01)bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bu bulgular Manevi Şükran Ölçeğinin Ölçüt Bağlantılı geçerliliğine kanıt olarak değerlendirilebilir. Güvenirlik analizi sonucunda Croanbach alfa katsayısı. 77 olarak bulunmuştur. Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi sonucunda elde edilen uyum indekslerinin kabul edilebilir olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin her alt boyutta 4 madde olmak üzere toplam 16 madde ve 4 alt boyuttan (şükranın ifade edilmesi, aşkın şükran, değer olarak şükran, manevi bağlantı) oluştuğu görülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda, Manevi Şükran Ölçeğinin şükranı manevi bağlamda ölçmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Aktif Öğrenmeye Dayalı Etkinliklerin Sınıf Öğretmen Adaylarının Sürdürülebilir Çevreye Yönelik Tutumlarına, Olumlu Davranışlarına ve Çevre Tutumlarına Etkisi
Authors: MUŞLU KAYGISIZ Gülfem
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı aktif öğrenmeye dayalı öğretimin sınıf öğretmen adaylarının sürdürülebilir çevreye ilişkin tutumlarına, çevreye yönelik olumlu davranışlarına ve çevreye yönelik tutumlarına etkisinin olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Araştırma 2017-2018 öğretim yılı bahar döneminde “Çevre Bilim ve Eğitimi” dersi kapsamında 34 sınıf öğretmenliği öğretmen adayı ile yürütülmüştür. Ayrıca 2019-2020 güz döneminde izleme testi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verileri Sürdürülebilir Çevreye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği, Çevreye Yönelik Olumlu Davranış Ölçeği ve Çevreye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma zayıf deneysel desenlerden tek grup ön test-son test deseniyle gerçekleştirilerek veriler SPSS.22 programında analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında öğretmen adaylarıyla tartışmaya dayalı olarak çevre sorunları irdelenmiş, adayların çevreye ilişkin bazı filmleri analiz etmeleri istenmiş ve çeşitli alan gezileri düzenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre aktif öğrenmeye dayalı etkinliklerin öğretmen adaylarında çevreye yönelik belirtilen alanlarda olumlu fark yaratmakla birlikte sadece çevreye yönelik olumlu davranışlarında manidar fark yarattığı tespit edilmiştir.
Başlangıç Piyano Eğitiminde Nota Okuma Yaklaşımları: Orta Do, Aralıksal ve Çoklu Ton Yaklaşımlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: KALKANOĞLU Burcu
Published: June 2020

Piyano eğitiminde müziğin nasıl çalınması gerektiğini bilmek kadar müziğin nasıl okunacağını bilmek de önemli bir beceridir. Piyano çalmaya başlarken en temel amaç olarak görülen nota okuma becerisi için farklı öğretim yaklaşımları bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, nota okuma yaklaşımlarını açıklamak ve bu yaklaşımlara göre hazırlanmış başlangıç piyano metotlarının incelenmesidir. Araştırmada, Learning to Play Piano 1: Premier, The Music Tree Time to Begin ve Piano Adventures metotları incelenmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin toplanması için doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmış; verilerin analizi için ise betimsel ve içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Metotların konulara göre dağılımı tablolaştırılarak frekans ve yüzde analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda, incelenen yaklaşımlara göre hazırlanmış metotların her birinin farklı güçlü yanları bulunduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Fakat bu yaklaşımların sadece birini uygulamak yerine tercih edilen yaklaşımların karma şeklinde kullanılması başlangıç piyano eğitimi için daha olumlu olacağı yönünde sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda İncelenen yaklaşımlar ile ilgili daha net ve sağlıklı sonuçlar alabilmek adına deneysel çalışmalarla desteklenmesi önerilmektedir.
COMPARISON STUDY OF CONSTANT CURRENT AND ARC OSCILLATION TECHNIQUES ON GTA WELDED AZ31B MAGNESIUM ALLOY JOINTS
Authors: V Subravel , V Chandrasekaran
Published: June 2020

The challenges of achieving significant weight reduction in the automobile industry in the context of fuel savings, recyclability and emission reduction has promoted focus on lightweight metals such as magnesium. GTA welding technology is the main welding method adopted for magnesium alloys because of its advantages of utility and economy. Both magnetic arc oscillation and current pulsing techniques resulted in significant microstructural refinement in weld fusion zone. Hence in this investigation an attempt has been made to study the constant current and arc oscillation on tensile and microstructural characteristics of gas tungsten arc welded AZ31B magnesium alloy joints. From this investigation, it is found that the joints fabricated with magnetic arc oscillation having the superior tensile properties compared to constant current welding. The formation of fine grains and higher hardness in fusion zone are the main reasons for the superior tensile properties of these joints.
HOW DO ENTREPRENEURS FEEL BANKRUPTCY?
Authors: Khan Khurram Ajaz , Dankiewicz Robert , Kliuchnikava Yana , Oláh Judit
Published: June 2020

Bankruptcy risk is always a constant threat to the SMEs, which determines how long the firms will survive. Since its identification, management, and control vested in the hands of the entrepreneurs and managers. A lot depends on their interpretations and beliefs. Therefore, to investigate this phenomenon, the present study aimed to investigate the attitude of the managers and entrepreneurs towards bankruptcy risk and to draw the conclusion on how the entrepreneurs’ attitude differs among the Czech Republic and Slovak republic entrepreneurs as well. The study was conducted among 822 small and medium-sized companies from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Chi-square and z-score test methods were used to test for the existence of a statistically significant difference between bankruptcy attitudes among Czech and Slovak entrepreneurs. Slovak entrepreneurs are more likely to regard bankruptcy as a natural part of the business, and they are less likely to identify an entrepreneur’s mistake as the cause of bankruptcy. An important conclusion is that the experience of bankruptcy for entrepreneurs of both countries is assessed as a vital experience gained, which, however, negatively affects the self-esteem of an entrepreneur. This study contributes to the literature by offering insights over the attitude of SMEs’ owners and entrepreneurs about bankruptcy risk in the context of the Czech Republic and the Slovak republic. From the policymakers’ viewpoint, it is imperative to understand the attitude of SMEs’ owners and entrepreneurs to design effective policies aiming to improve entrepreneurs with adequate skills, ability, and state support. The Originality of the paper deals with the entrepreneur’s perception, behaviour, and attitude towards bankruptcy risk in SMEs.
PERCEPTION OF BUSINESS RISK BY ENTREPRENEURS ACCORDING TO EXPERIENCE WITH THE BUSINESS FAILURE
Authors: Dvorský Ján , Petráková Zora , Fialová Vendula
Published: June 2020

The aim of the article is to compare the attitudes to business risks and business failure among entrepreneurs that have experience with bankruptcy and entrepreneurs that do not have experience with bankruptcy in the business environment of small and medium-sized enterprises. The main objective of the article is to evaluate business risks: market, economic, financial, strategic, personnel, legal, and operational risk; and statements about the experience with business failure. Questionnaires of 454 small and medium-sized enterprises were collected and prepared for evaluation in 2020. Statistical hypotheses were rejected through the statistical method Z- test. The results showed interesting findings. The most important business risks are the market, financial, and personnel risk according to entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs without the experience of business failure have more positive attitudes (66.7%), and there is no risk of bankruptcy to their company for 5 years than entrepreneurs with experience of business failure (45.2%). The next finding is that entrepreneurs without the experience of business failure have more positive attitudes (60.6%) to the rate of the market risk (lack of sales for my company) as adequate than entrepreneurs with experience with business failure (38.4%). Also, it was shown that entrepreneurs without experience with business failure have more positive attitudes (59.8%) to the error rate of employees, which is low and has no negative impact on my (our) business than entrepreneurs with experience of business failure (53.4%).
ENGAGING CUSTOMERS ON FACEBOOK COFFEE SHOPS' BRAND-FAN PAGES
Authors: Ferencakova Lucia , Gajdka Krzysztof , Netek Vaclav , Kapoun Pavel
Published: June 2020

Social media's importance is increasing rapidly in the business world as in the lives of individuals (Bitiktas et al., 2020). Thus, customer engagement (CE) in co-creating customer experience and value is receiving increasing attention from business practitioners and academics alike (Brodie, 2011). The study aims to examine content strategy on coffee shops' Facebook brand-fan pages in terms of differences in the length of the text part of the posted content and its impact on customer engagement. Using the Fanpage karma web application, we collected a total number of 1254 of 10 coffee shops' brand-fan pages posts published on Facebook during the year 2019. We found that there is a statistically significant difference between text length according to post type (status, photo, video, link) (p=0.0007), and also customer engagement differs depending on post type (p=0.0009). Surprisingly we also revealed that in text length, there is a statistically significant difference only between photo and status types of posts (p-Value=0.0009) and in customer engagement (CE), only between the photo and video types of posts (p-Value=0.0044). Results of linear regression also were not able to support hypothesis, that the shortest length of the text leads to higher customer engagement (CE). The study extends the research on customer engagement (CE) and expands the knowledge about the Facebook content strategy of coffee companies. Finally, it offers recommendations for future research in the examined area.
THE IMPACTS OF FIRM CHARACTERISTICS ON SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE OF SMEs: EVIDENCE FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors: Žufan Jan , Civelek Mehmet , Hamarneh Iveta , Kmeco Ľubomír
Published: June 2020

Comparing to larger businesses, SMEs face more barriers in their marketing operations since they have a lower amount of financial resources and assets. But the emergence of social media platforms has provided many chances for them to overcome these barriers by enabling them to do marketing and promotion activities. Although these social media channels are easy to access by each of their users, awareness, perceptions, capabilities of SMEs might differ when using these platforms. In this regard, this research aims to analyze and find out whether social media usage differs among SMEs regarding their age and size.  In parallel with this purpose, the researchers used an online questionnaire to collect data from 454 Czech SMEs. These SMEs were selected by applying a random sampling method and then an online questionnaire was directed to the respondents who were owners and managers of these enterprises. To analyze the data, the researchers performed an Independent T-test in SPSS statistical program. According to the results, social media usage does not differ between smaller-larger and younger-older SMEs. The reasons for these similarities among SMEs might stem from the industry that they operate, the cost of social media usage, and the age of younger firms’ executives. Nonexistence of the differences among analyzed Czech SMEs makes this paper differ from other studies. Some policy implementations are also offered by the researchers to increase awareness, skills, and usage of social media platforms by SMEs.
Análisis práctico de la obra de Pere Portabella (1967-1976): la subversión de la Manera de Representación Institucional a través de la música
Authors: Oliver Josep Torelló , Castells Jaume Duran
Published: June 2020

This article analyzes part of the filmography of the Catalan director Pere Portabella (Figueres, 1927) in the period 1967-1976. The analysis focuses on those sequences in which Portabella articulates a music-image relationship that allows him to subvert the traditional Institutional Mode of Representation (Burch 2008), while developing a cinematic proposal that is typical of film modernity, also called Modern Mode of Representation. We consider that this subversion of the institutional language happens when it is articulated a music and an image that tense the classical definition of institutional diegetic space-time. We analyze 8 paradigmatic cases that permit us to understand how the aesthetic relationship between music and image in their work allows to develop a modern cinematography proposal.