bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenging hegemony. Theatre as an ideological space in Tadeusz Kantor’s Theatre of Death
Authors: Vanderschueren Jonas
Published: November 2022

Often the work of the Polish theatre maker Tadeusz Kantor is only read biographically, mystifying the avant-garde tradition in which he stood and placing him in a pantheon of individual geniuses. This tendency to elevate Kantor usually detaches his thought and his work from today’s thinking on political theatre. That makes his work remote remote, as highly idiosyncratic emanations from an ‘exception genius’, despite the fact that his late work, collectively known as his ‘Theatre of Death’, is profoundly political despite his claims to the contrary. In this article I would like to revisit the work of Tadeusz Kantor as a potential source for an alternative, less obvious form of political theatre. Through the evocation of personal memory, Kantor manages to establish an alternative ideological space beyond the Marxist-Leninst hegemony that dominated in his contemporary Communist Poland. As any art work constitutes a socially symbolic act, I will establish that in his ‘Theatre of Death’ the personal became a gateway to the political. That will be done in three steps: by establishing the mastercode through which ideological struggles were articulated in the period of the Theatre of Death, then by establishing how Kantor used certain artistic techniques and strategies to create a personal space, and then finally how this personal space became political.
Dental Services Utilization by over 65 Years Old in Israel in 2020
Authors: Natapov Lena , Berg-Warman Ayelet , Kermel Schiffman Ile , Zusman Shlomo Paul
Published: November 2022

To understand dental service utilization in the over-65 age group and to identify the main patterns and barriers to uptake of dental care after the 2019 expansion under the National Health Insurance Law to include dental benefits for the over-75 age group. Phone interviews with a random sample of 512 people over the age of 65 were conducted between February and April 2020. About half had visited a dentist during the previous year (an average of 2.9 visits) while 17% reported they had never visited one. Dental service utilization was lower among those living in the periphery, non-Jews and those who had difficulties covering their monthly expenses. Treatment cost was the main barrier to dental treatment, especially for those with difficulties in covering their monthly expenses. Despite the inclusion of dental treatment for people over the age of 75 in February 2019, the majority of respondents were unaware of this reform, thus the potential of the over-75 age group in lowering the cost barrier has not fully materialized.
Patterns of HIV or AIDS Mortality Among Older People From 1990 to 2019 in China: Age-Period-Cohort Analysis
Authors: Ren Ningjun , Li Yuansheng , Wan Zhengwei , Wang Ruolan , Zhang Wenxin , Dzakah Emmanuel Enoch , Zhang Junhui , Li Ailing , Fan Song
Published: November 2022

Background

With the increasing effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy and shifting demographics, the problem of older people with HIV or AIDS is increasingly grim in China, and neglecting infection among them may cause more serious social problems, exacerbate the difficulty of controlling HIV or AIDS transmission, and increase the risk of death.

Objective

We investigated the variations in the trends of Chinese mortality by age, period, and cohort, from 1990 to 2019, to reveal the relationship between age, period, cohort, and HIV burden, as well as providing guidance for resource allocation to prevent HIV-related deaths in vulnerable target populations.

Methods

We extracted the HIV or AIDS mortality data from the Global Burden of Disease. The joinpoint regression model was applied to detect changes in HIV or AIDS trends. The age-period-cohort model was used to explore the age, period, and cohort effects.

Results

The trends in age-standardized mortality rates in HIV or AIDS were increased in both genders, from 0.50 to 4.54/105 individuals for males, and from 0.19 to 1.43/105 individuals for females. Joinpoint regression model showed the average annual percentage change of age-standardized mortality rates was 7.0 for male and 6.4 for female individuals, showing an increasing trend. The age effect of male HIV or AIDS mortality showed a net increase of 0.59 (–0.21 to 0.38) from the ages 50-79 years. There is a gradual upward trend in the change in risk of death from HIV or AIDS for the period effect among the older population, lowest at ages 50-54 years (–0.80 for male and –0.78 for female individuals) and highest at ages 75-79 years (0.86 for male and 0.69 for female individuals). The variation of cohort effects was complex, but both genders had a nearly consistent tendency; people born in 1920-1929 had the lowest cohort effect, and those born in 1950-1954 had the highest values.

Conclusions

Our study showed a marked rise in HIV mortality for both genders in China from 1990 to 2019. Aging is an important issue in current HIV prevention and control. There is an urgent need to promote HIV testing and health education. Our findings will help predict future HIV or AIDS mortality changes and identify age-specific priority populations for intervention.
Perspective Toward Machine Learning Implementation in Pediatric Medicine: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Alexander Natasha , Aftandilian Catherine , Guo Lin Lawrence , Plenert Erin , Posada Jose , Fries Jason , Fleming Scott , Johnson Alistair , Shah Nigam , Sung Lillian
Published: November 2022

Background

Given the costs of machine learning implementation, a systematic approach to prioritizing which models to implement into clinical practice may be valuable.

Objective

The primary objective was to determine the health care attributes respondents at 2 pediatric institutions rate as important when prioritizing machine learning model implementation. The secondary objective was to describe their perspectives on implementation using a qualitative approach.

Methods

In this mixed methods study, we distributed a survey to health system leaders, physicians, and data scientists at 2 pediatric institutions. We asked respondents to rank the following 5 attributes in terms of implementation usefulness: the clinical problem was common, the clinical problem caused substantial morbidity and mortality, risk stratification led to different actions that could reasonably improve patient outcomes, reducing physician workload, and saving money. Important attributes were those ranked as first or second most important. Individual qualitative interviews were conducted with a subsample of respondents.

Results

Among 613 eligible respondents, 275 (44.9%) responded. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 17 respondents. The most common important attributes were risk stratification leading to different actions (205/275, 74.5%) and clinical problem causing substantial morbidity or mortality (177/275, 64.4%). The attributes considered least important were reducing physician workload and saving money. Qualitative interviews consistently prioritized implementations that improved patient outcomes.

Conclusions

Respondents prioritized machine learning model implementation where risk stratification would lead to different actions and clinical problems that caused substantial morbidity and mortality. Implementations that improved patient outcomes were prioritized. These results can help provide a framework for machine learning model implementation.
Developing a Memory and Communication App for Persons Living With Dementia: An 8-Step Process (Preprint)
Authors: Brown Ellen L , Ruggiano Nicole , Allala Sai Chaithra , Clarke Peter J , Davis Debra , Roberts Lisa , Framil C Victoria , Muñoz Maríateresa Teri Hernandez , Hough Monica Strauss , Bourgeois Michelle S
Published: November 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

According to the 2022 Alzheimer’s Association Facts and Figures, more than 6 million Americans have Alzheimer disease and related dementias. They are cared for by millions of family members, friends, or other unpaid caregivers. Communication deficits are common among persons with Alzheimer disease and related dementias and pose challenges to caregiving and clinical care, which is already complex. An interdisciplinary team developed a mobile app prototype to improve communications between people living with dementia and their caregivers and providers and to promote person-centered care. This viewpoint paper provides a road map for how the interdisciplinary team worked together to develop and plan for the implementation and evaluation of a new evidence-based app. In our paper, we provide an 8-step process used by a team of clinicians, researchers, and software engineers to develop a new app to meet the needs of people living with dementia and their caregiver(s). The planned clinical trial has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04571502; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04571502).

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.3928/19404921-20210825-02
Tracking Population-Level Anxiety Using Search Engine Data: Ecological Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gilbert Barnabas James , Lu Chunling , Yom-Tov Elad
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders globally, with a substantial impact on quality of life. The prevalence of anxiety disorders has increased substantially following the COVID-19 pandemic, and it is likely to be further affected by a global economic recession. Understanding anxiety themes and how they change over time and across countries is crucial for preventive and treatment strategies.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to track the trends in anxiety themes between 2004 and 2020 in the 50 most populous countries with high volumes of internet search data. This study extends previous research by using a novel search-based methodology and including a longer time span and more countries at different income levels.

METHODS

We used a crowdsourced questionnaire, alongside Bing search query data and Google Trends search volume data, to identify themes associated with anxiety disorders across 50 countries from 2004 to 2020. We analyzed themes and their mutual interactions and investigated the associations between countries’ socioeconomic attributes and anxiety themes using time-series linear models. This study was approved by the Microsoft Research Institutional Review Board.

RESULTS

Query volume for anxiety themes was highly stable in countries from 2004 to 2019 (Spearman r=0.89) and moderately correlated with geography (r=0.49 in 2019). Anxiety themes were predominantly long-term and personal, with “having kids,” “pregnancy,” and “job” the most voluminous themes in most countries and years. In 2020, “COVID-19” became a dominant theme in 27 countries. Countries with a constant volume of anxiety themes over time had lower fragile state indexes (P=.007) and higher individualism (P=.003). An increase in the volume of the most searched anxiety themes was associated with a reduction in the volume of the remaining themes in 13 countries and an increase in 17 countries, and these 30 countries had a lower prevalence of mental disorders (P<.001) than the countries where no correlations were found.

CONCLUSIONS

Internet search data could be a potential source for predicting the country-level prevalence of anxiety disorders, especially in understudied populations or when an in-person survey is not viable.
Identifying Frailty in Older Adults Receiving Home Care Assessment Using Machine Learning: Longitudinal Observational Study on the Role of Classifier, Feature Selection, and Sample Size (Preprint)
Authors: Pan Cheng , Luo Hao , Cheung Gary , Zhou Huiquan , Cheng Reynold , Cullum Sarah , Wu Chuan
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Machine learning techniques are starting to be used in various health care data sets to identify frail persons who may benefit from interventions. However, evidence about the performance of machine learning techniques compared to conventional regression is mixed. It is also unclear what methodological and database factors are associated with performance.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the mortality prediction accuracy of various machine learning classifiers for identifying frail older adults in different scenarios.

METHODS

We used deidentified data collected from older adults (65 years of age and older) assessed with interRAI-Home Care instrument in New Zealand between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2016. A total of 138 interRAI assessment items were used to predict 6-month and 12-month mortality, using 3 machine learning classifiers (random forest [RF], extreme gradient boosting [XGBoost], and multilayer perceptron [MLP]) and regularized logistic regression. We conducted a simulation study comparing the performance of machine learning models with logistic regression and interRAI Home Care Frailty Scale and examined the effects of sample sizes, the number of features, and train-test split ratios.

RESULTS

A total of 95,042 older adults (median age 82.66 years, IQR 77.92-88.76; n=37,462, 39.42% male) receiving home care were analyzed. The average area under the curve (AUC) and sensitivities of 6-month mortality prediction showed that machine learning classifiers did not outperform regularized logistic regressions. In terms of AUC, regularized logistic regression had better performance than XGBoost, MLP, and RF when the number of features was ≤80 and the sample size ≤16,000; MLP outperformed regularized logistic regression in terms of sensitivities when the number of features was ≥40 and the sample size ≥4000. Conversely, RF and XGBoost demonstrated higher specificities than regularized logistic regression in all scenarios.

CONCLUSIONS

The study revealed that machine learning models exhibited significant variation in prediction performance when evaluated using different metrics. Regularized logistic regression was an effective model for identifying frail older adults receiving home care, as indicated by the AUC, particularly when the number of features and sample sizes were not excessively large. Conversely, MLP displayed superior sensitivity, while RF exhibited superior specificity when the number of features and sample sizes were large.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Prevalence of Schizophrenia in China from 2000 to 2020
ABSTRACT
Background
The prevalence of schizophrenia is influenced by many factors. The rapid development of China's recent development may have an impact on the incidence rate of schizophrenia.To understand the prevalence of schizophrenia and the trend of nearly twenty years in China, providing scientific basis for early prevention and treatment by meta-analysis.
Methods
A systematic literature retrieval published from 2000 to 2020 in China was conducted by using Chinese database. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used for assessment of literature quality.The Chinese schizophrenia prevalence and it’s subgroup analyses,including g (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Haihan
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of schizophrenia is influenced by many factors. The rapid development of China's recent development may have an impact on the incidence rate of schizophrenia.To understand the prevalence of schizophrenia and the trend of nearly twenty years in China, providing scientific basis for early prevention and treatment by meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE

To understand the prevalence of schizophrenia and the trend of nearly twenty years in China, providing scientific basis for early prevention and treatment by meta-analysis.

METHODS

A systematic literature retrieval published from 2000 to 2020 in China was conducted by using Chinese database. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used for assessment of literature quality.The Chinese schizophrenia prevalence and it’s subgroup analyses,including gender and regions was analyzed with Stata16.0. The literature publication bias was evaluated by Egger testing and funnel graph.The sensitivity analysis was also done by eliminating one by one.

RESULTS

Twenty-eight articles were included. The total sample size was 76273830. The Chinese Schizophrenia prevalence was 3.72 ‰ (95%: 3.30 ‰ - 4.22 ‰). Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in the schizophrenia prevalence between genders(P>0.05) ,among rural and urban(P>0.05), between the years of the survey(P>0.05). The related age range of highest prevalence of schizophrenia was 35-64 years old.

CONCLUSIONS

The Chinese schizophrenia prevalence is 3.72 ‰. The schizophrenia prevalence is no difference with genders,urbancity.There was no significant change in prevalence of schizophrenia in the last twenty years.The related age range of highest prevalence of schizophrenia was 35-64 years old.The both epidemiology and systematic review are the way to get prevalence of schizophrenia.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Penerapan Floyd-Warshall untuk Pencarian Rute Terpendek pada Aplikasi Notifikasi Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas
Authors: Haniah Mahmudah  , M. Fajar Ibrahim  , Okkie Puspitorini  , Ari Wijayanti  , Nur Adi Siswandari
Published: November 2022

Dalam penanganan kecelakaan, diperlukan respons yang cepat untuk mencegah kecelakaan atau memberikan pertolongan pada kecelakaan lalu lintas. Beberapa cara mencegah kecelakaan atau menolong korban kecelakaan lalu lintas antara lain dengan membuat beberapa aplikasi pada smartphone untuk deteksi kecelakaan dan aplikasi notifikasi kecelakaan untuk memberikan pertolongan pada kecelakaan lalu lintas. Aplikasi untuk menolong korban kecelakaan yang telah ada hanya menyajikan rute terpendek dari responden menuju lokasi korban tanpa ada fitur yang membantu responden mencari rute ke rumah sakit dan kantor polisi terdekat. Untuk itu, penelitian ini membuat aplikasi smartphone untuk notifikasi kecelakaan bagi keluarga korban dan responden serta membantu mencari rute menuju lokasi korban dan rute ke rumah sakit serta kantor polisi terdekat. Aplikasi notifikasi kecelakaan untuk smartphone ini menggunakan perangkat lunak open source dan memiliki keunggulan berupa scalability yang tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini berupa aplikasi Android yang mampu mengirimkan broadcast notifikasi kecelakaan, sehingga keluarga korban dan responden dapat menerima notifikasi kecelakaan dan dapat melakukan perjalanan menuju lokasi kecelakaan sesuai rute yang telah ditampilkan oleh aplikasi. Aplikasi ini juga memberikan informasi tentang lokasi rumah sakit dan kantor polisi terdekat, sehingga responden yang berada di sekitar lokasi dapat menolong korban dengan cepat. Hasil pengujian aplikasi menggunakan metode black box pada platform Android menunjukkan bahwa 100% fitur aplikasi ini berjalan dengan baik. Rute terpendek dengan algoritme Floyd-Warshall adalah 4,199 km dengan tidak mengalami penyimpangan rute dari skenario pengujian jarak. Kecepatan rata-rata respons pengiriman notifikasi dari korban ke responden adalah 27,86 ms.
Topologi dan Kajian Kinerja Multi Konverter Arus Searah untuk Multi Generator-Hidro Mini
Authors: Rizki Nurilyas Ahmad  , Mochammad Facta  , Iwan Setiawan
Published: November 2022

Energi terbuang dalam aliran air rumah tangga dapat dijumpai dengan mudah pada keran, shower, penyiram toilet, dan peralatan lainnya pada sistem pemipaan yang air pada sistem tersebut hanya mengalir untuk membersihkan dan kemudian menjadi substansi yang terbuang. Energi dari air yang mengalir dapat dikumpulkan dan diubah menjadi bentuk energi lain yang lebih bernilai, seperti energi listrik. Dalam bentuk energi listrik, energi tersebut dapat secara langsung digunakan ataupun disimpan. Dalam perkembangan yang lebih lanjut dari generator turbin mini yang kompak (mini compact turbine-generator, MCTG), air yang mengalir pada setiap bagian dari sistem pemipaan rumah diusulkan untuk dikumpulkan dalam bentuk daya listrik. Namun, MCTG konvensional menghasilkan tegangan yang lebih rendah yang tidak sesuai untuk penggunaan secara langsung pada berbagai peralatan listrik. Tegangan yang dibangkitkan juga tidak sesuai dengan rating tegangan terminal baterai sebagai media penyimpan energi listrik. Pada penelitian ini, diusulkan peningkatan kinerja keluaran MCTG untuk memproduksi tegangan yang lebih tinggi dengan menambahkan konverter penaik tegangan arus searah yang dapat beroperasi secara tunggal maupun seri (cascade) untuk mengatasi permasalahan tegangan keluaran MCTG serta permasalahan efisiensi konverter penaik tegangan jika bekerja pada nilai duty cycle yang tinggi. Desain dan simulasi telah dibuat untuk mendapatkan kriteria yang diharapkan dalam pembangkitan tegangan listrik. Beberapa topologi diuji, yaitu sistem konverter tunggal, sistem konverter seri, sistem konverter seri dengan selector, dan sistem paralel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terbukti bahwa sistem paralel lebih baik daripada ketiga topologi lainnya karena dapat menghasilkan tegangan sesuai dengan tegangan referensi 14 V dan dapat menghasilkan efisiensi di atas 0,9 pada jangkauan putaran shaft rotor MCTG yang lebih lebar.
Combining Ability and Heterosis Analysis for Seed Yield Related Traits in Brassica Napus
Authors: Fatima Noreen , Hassan Mariam , Sarwar Sehrish , Qamar Huma , Khan Farooq Ahmad
Published: November 2022

Brassica napus L. is important oilseed crop, having higher oil contents (40%) with low contents of glucosinolate and erucic acid, make it perfect for edible purpose. Ten Brassica napus L. genotypes were crossed in line × tester mating design. Seven high yielding female lines were crossed with 3 low yielding testers. The 21 F1’s along with parents were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design with three repetitions in the field of Department of Plant Breeding and genetics, UAF. Out of thirteen attributes, eleven attributes (plant height, days taken to flower initiation, days taken to 50% flower initiation, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of siliques per plant, siliqua length, seed yield per plant, 100-seed weight, seed yield per plot and oil content) showed significant results for all genotypes under study while two attributes (seed per siliqua and protein content) were non-significant. The parent ZN-M-9 was chosen as excellent overall combiner for plant height, days taken to flower initiation, days to 50% flowering and number of siliques plant-1 and ZM-M-6 and Rainbow identified as the excellent general combiner for the seed yield plant-1 and seed yield per plot, respectively. The cross ZN-M-9 × ZMR-3 & DGL × ZN-R-1 identified as good specific combiners for seed yield plant-1 and seed yield plot-1, respectively. The cross ZM-M-6 × ZMR-3 was selected as best for days taken to first flower beginning, days taken to 50% flowering, and oil content on the basis of better parent heterosis. The genetic information obtained in this research will be helpful for the breeder during their future breeding program
La secuencia cronológica de Punta Patache y la ocupación de la costa arreica del Desierto de Atacama (21ºS)
Authors: Moragas Cora , Mendez-Quiros Pablo
Published: November 2022

This article presents the results of the archaeological characterization of Punta Patache in Chile’s Tarapaca region, which is composed of 18 shell middens and a cemetery. It discusses the changes the maritime fisher-hunter-gatherer groups sustained and the population dynamics between the Middle Archaic period and late prehistory (7470 and 670 cal BP). This occupational sequence begins with the residential camps associated with shell fishhooks in the Middle Archaic period, followed by a significant gap of ca. 1800 years. During the Late Archaic and Early Formative periods, the number of campsites showing persistent and intermittent occupation increased. As the occupation of the Rheic coast consolidated and intensified in the Late Formative and Late Intermediate periods, the number of population centers increased.
Women Entrepreneurship in India: An Analysis
Authors: K. H Meenakshi , Bhat Dr. B. Jayarama
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Entrepreneurship for women development is an essential part of human resource. In comparison to other countries, the development of women entrepreneurship is very low in India, especially in rural areas. Entrepreneurship by women has been a recent concern. Women have become aware of their existence, their rights and their work situation. However, women of middle class are not too eager to alter their role for fear-of social backwardness. The progress is more visible among upper class families in urban areas. “Women moves forward, the family moves, the village moves and the nation moves” - Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru This paper focuses on the current status of women entrepreneurship in India. Any understanding of Indian women’s identity, especially for their contribution in emerging new paths, will be incomplete without a walk down the place of Indian history where women have live. The paper talks about the status of women entrepreneurs and the problems faced by them, reasons for the slow progress of women entrepreneurs in India - suggested for the growth of women entrepreneurs - Schemes for the promotion and development of women entrepreneurship in India
Quantum simulation of real-space dynamics
Authors: Childs Andrew M. , Leng Jiaqi , Li Tongyang , Liu Jin-Peng , Zhang Chenyi
Published: November 2022

Quantum simulation is a prominent application of quantum computers. While there is extensive previous work on simulating finite-dimensional systems, less is known about quantum algorithms for real-space dynamics. We conduct a systematic study of such algorithms. In particular, we show that the dynamics of a d-dimensional Schrödinger equation with η particles can be simulated with gate complexity O~(ηdFpoly(log⁡(g′/ϵ))), where ϵ is the discretization error, g′ controls the higher-order derivatives of the wave function, and F measures the time-integrated strength of the potential. Compared to the best previous results, this exponentially improves the dependence on ϵ and g′ from poly(g′/ϵ) to poly(log⁡(g′/ϵ)) and polynomially improves the dependence on T and d, while maintaining best known performance with respect to η. For the case of Coulomb interactions, we give an algorithm using η3(d+η)Tpoly(log⁡(ηdTg′/(Δϵ)))/Δ one- and two-qubit gates, and another using η3(4d)d/2Tpoly(log⁡(ηdTg′/(Δϵ)))/Δ one- and two-qubit gates and QRAM operations, where T is the evolution time and the parameter Δ regulates the unbounded Coulomb interaction. We give applications to several computational problems, including faster real-space simulation of quantum chemistry, rigorous analysis of discretization error for simulation of a uniform electron gas, and a quadratic improvement to a quantum algorithm for escaping saddle points in nonconvex optimization.
Graph neural network initialisation of quantum approximate optimisation
Authors: Jain Nishant , Coyle Brian , Kashefi Elham , Kumar Niraj
Published: November 2022

Approximate combinatorial optimisation has emerged as one of the most promising application areas for quantum computers, particularly those in the near term. In this work, we focus on the quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA) for solving the MaxCut problem. Specifically, we address two problems in the QAOA, how to initialise the algorithm, and how to subsequently train the parameters to find an optimal solution. For the former, we propose graph neural networks (GNNs) as a warm-starting technique for QAOA. We demonstrate that merging GNNs with QAOA can outperform both approaches individually. Furthermore, we demonstrate how graph neural networks enables warm-start generalisation across not only graph instances, but also to increasing graph sizes, a feature not straightforwardly available to other warm-starting methods. For training the QAOA, we test several optimisers for the MaxCut problem up to 16 qubits and benchmark against vanilla gradient descent. These include quantum aware/agnostic and machine learning based/neural optimisers. Examples of the latter include reinforcement and meta-learning. With the incorporation of these initialisation and optimisation toolkits, we demonstrate how the optimisation problems can be solved using QAOA in an end-to-end differentiable pipeline.
Characteristics of the Publicistic Style of Intonation in English and Latvian
Authors: Brēde Maija
Published: November 2022

All language levels undergo linguistic variation. Phonostylistic variations depend basically on the aim and the form of communication and the speaker’s attitude. These include intonational variation in style appropriate to different speech situations. The paper focuses on features of the publicistic style of intonation in English and Latvian; the main purpose of the style is to stimulate and inspire the listeners. The material of the present auditive analysis comprises addresses by two prominent public figures: David Cameron, Prime Minister of the UK (10 August, 2011) and the President of Latvia (28 May, 2011). The analysis reveals the basic distinctions of the publicistic style of intonation in English in contrast to Latvian which has a more emotional approach, considerably slower tempo, more frequent use of long pauses, absence of low/mid rises in the final tone units, a more frequent use of level tones in the non­final tone units, an occasional high rise in the non­final tone units that is characteristic of colloquial speech. The speakers slow down before the most important pieces of information. The interpausal segments are occasionally short, since pauses do not always mark the boundaries of grammatical constructions. The public speakers’ voice timbre is dignified, concerned and personally involved. This analysis shows that there are features of the publicistic style of intonation that overlap those of the informational style of intonation. It proves the variability of style markers and points to the importance of the interpretation of a particular speech situation.
Reality in J. K. Rowling’s "The Casual Vacancy"
Authors: Leine Antra
Published: November 2022

After the success of Harry Potter series, in 2012 Joanne K. Rowling published her first novel for adults that received mixed criticism in public sphere. The novel provides an eloquent depiction of contemporary England. Though intended to be a comic tragedy it more likely resembles a gloomy melodrama, and is written in a realistic and ‘true to life’ manner. While hardly providing pleasant emotions, the novel truthfully reflects numerous emblematic social problems of provincial life, like neglect and abuse of children, domestic violence, lack of likeable characters – the representation of which are further analysed in the present paper paying attention also to the first critical reviews the novel has received.
Usefulness of Teaching Politeness Strategies in English Language Classrooms
Authors: Ficzere Edit
Published: November 2022

In English Language Teaching (ELT) coursebooks, few aspects of politeness are presented; neither its pragmatic aspects nor its linguistic elements are dealt with in detail. Thus, the question presents itself whether knowledge of politeness is necessary for L2 learners. The focus of this study was to examine the usefulness of teaching politeness strategies in English and make recommendations regarding whether and how they should generally be presented to higher level adult language learners. The study was conducted in three different stages: (1) personal interviews with English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners to ascertain their views; (2) a taught lesson based on the result of the interviews; (3) evaluation of the questionnaires completed by the participants regarding the usefulness/effectiveness of such teaching material. According to the findings, it is possible to teach politeness strategies, and the learners indicated the usefulness of this knowledge in everyday situations in the UK. With the aid of such strategies, learners will be able to make informed choices regarding language use in situations that require politeness.
User’s Guides in General English-Latvian Dictionaries
Authors: Karpinska Laura
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the user’s guide is to introduce the user to the dictionary layout and provide information on its use. Its location can vary from dictionary to dictionary, but in most cases it is placed in the front matter. Since the user’s guide can be viewed as an umbrella term for a cluster of several metafunctional outside matter components (e.g. the list of abbreviations, pronunciation key, etc.), special attention is paid to the overall contents of these components rather than to their titles which might not be sufficiently revealing. The study focuses on the analysis of the user’s guides in the general English-Latvian dictionaries (ELDs) compiled from 1924 to 2007, forming the English-Latvian lexicographic tradition. The aim of the study is to describe the typical contents and elements of the user’s guides in ELDs, as well as to trace the development of this metafunctional outside matter component throughout the lexicographic tradition. The analysis revealed that at the beginning of the tradition there was no clear distinction between the preface and the user’s guide, the latter as a distinct outside matter component was established and developed in the Soviet period, but the dictionaries published by ‘Avots’ reveal a tendency towards unification of the user’s guides both structure and content-wise.
Language and Humanity: Is It More Than Mere Instinct?
Authors: McCarthy Teri
Published: November 2022

Noam Chomsky and Steven Pinker have brought to the linguistic arena the terms Universal Grammar (UG), Generative Grammar (GG) and Language Instinct. UG/GG are based on the premise that human babies are born with an intact, generalized language instinct – language somehow is already preconfigured in their brains – so that much of the complex structures of human language is encoded in the human genetic inheritance. In this paper I look at the theories of language instinct, UG and GG to determine if these theories have a grounding in empirical science brought about by new technologies and new research. I also ask the question: If we indeed do have a language instinct, should it have an impact on how we view languages and teach them?
Tagging Errors in Non-Native English Language Student-Composed Texts of Different Registers
Authors: Vinčela Zigrīda
Published: November 2022

Research of linguistic features requires part of speech (POS) tagging of texts. The existing POS taggers have been predominantly trained on native speakers’ texts to enhance their accuracy. The researchers exploring POS tagging of ELL (English language learners) texts distinguish tagger’s and learners’ errors and suggest annotation enhancement schemes. However, the frequency and types of CLAWS7 (Constituent Likelihood Automatic Word Tagging System) tagging errors in ELL texts of different communicative purposes have not been sufficiently explored to suggest annotation enhancement solutions in each particular learner corpus building case. This study investigates CLAWS7 tagged texts composed by non-native English philology BA students (English Studies Department, University of Latvia) to uncover the overall precision of the tags having the greatest impact on the error rate and provide an insight into errors to reveal the texts requiring annotation enhancement solutions. Material for the analysis has been selected from the corpus of student-composed texts. The results show that tagging precision varies across the text groups. The texts edited by the students show greater tagging precision, and therefore would not require specific annotation enhancement procedures before their tagging. Tagging precision is lower in such interactional texts as chat messages that could be addressed by the application of an annotation enhancement scheme.
Tradering, oppløsing
Authors: Ingfrid Breie Nyhus
Published: November 2022

TRADITIONING, DISSOLVING: What does 'traditioning' mean, what can the 'traditioned' become? On exploring rules and possible spaces in tradition and creation.

To Ingfrid Breie Nyhus, the apparently impossible combination of folk music and grand piano, is a creatively generative musical situation. The rules of the 'slått' tradition are transposed to a new space in the grand piano, and the rules of the grand piano are destabilized in the meeting with the 'slått'. This exposition unfolds questions, reflections and new questions, from a longer process with the music "Slåttepiano".
Back to Present
Authors: Thalia Hoffman  , Thalia Hoffman
Published: November 2022

Back to Present discusses the themes, filming structure, and editing process of the short film A Day Becomes (2018). The film is part of Guava, a platform for art-actions that promotes the idea of free movement and the removal of borders east of the Mediterranean. In this exposition and in making the film, I explore the possibilities of political imagination regarding regional movement across borders in relation to the phenomenon of Time.
The exposition has two parts. The first, entitled Here, unfolds around discussion about the landscape; the second, called Now, suggests that how time is experienced can affect how one experiences one’s surroundings. The form of the texts correlates to the content, form, and making of the film. The film making text is set in the center of the exposition, and the other discussions push themselves in and spread over the page. Like the text, the film’s continuous timeline is dense and loaded with plural repetitions and conversations. The interlaced reflections and commentaries that characterize the text echo Yousef’s layered performance of time in the film.
With its layout and content, the exposition explores the film’s structure and embodied experience of the landscape through time: it is a way to rethink and re-feel the Here of this region through the lingering Now of the film.

This exposition was developed from my PhD thesis at the PhDArts program, Leiden University
Treatment planning and therapy of a severely compromised two-rooted maxillary central incisor
Authors: Krokidis Andreas
Published: November 2022

This case report presents the diagnosis, treatment planning, and therapy
of a two-rooted maxillary central incisor. A 21-year-old female was
referred for treatment of a severely compromised tooth #21. Clinical
and radiographic evaluation with periapical radiographs and CBCT
revealed the presence of a two-rooted central incisor with significant
Design of All-Dielectric Thermal Microfluidic-based Reconfigurable Metasurface
Authors: Alghamdi Ahmed , Youssef Jawad , Yahyaoui Ali , Sobahi Nebras , Hakim Bandar , Mittra Raj , Rmili Hatem
Published: November 2022

Metasurfaces tuning is performed using different ways for wide range of
applications. This study presents the design of thermally-tuned
all-dielectric reconfigurable metasurface. A microfluidic channel,
filled with different concentrations of tellurium – selenium (Te-Se)
alloy, is added on the top of the elliptical dielectric resonator (EDR)
unit cell of the considered metasurface. The electrical properties of
used semiconductor alloy are varied in the range of 400°C to 700°C
(steps size of 100°C). The impact of thermal tuning on the reflection
and transmission characteristics of the designed metasurface is analyzed
in the frequency range 20-30 GHz using COMSOL Multiphysics. Obtained
results demonstrated that the realized metasurface exhibits
reconfigurable behavior in terms of variations in the reflection and
transmission characteristics with a change in either temperature or
concentrations of selenium and tellurium. The wider bands with high
reflection and low transmission frequency bands are obtained with lower
concentrations of selenium and tellurium for all operating temperatures.
A new method of elimination the polarizing layer during the membrane processing of buttermilk
Authors: Deinychenko Grygorii , Huzenko Vasyl , Dmytrevskyi Dmytro , Zolotukhina Inna , Chervonyi Vitalii , Horielkov Dmytro
Published: November 2022

A new method of eliminating the polarizing layer on the membrane surface
during ultrafiltration of buttermilk is considered. An experimental
equipment and processing methodology the results of studying buttermilk
ultrafiltration are presented. This methodology involves the use of bubbling
to eliminate the polarization layer. Also presented experimental results of
the bubbling influence on the productivity of ultrafiltration membranes.
Mathematical models, which were obtained, based on the regression equations
of the factorial experiment. Factorial experiment provides the selection of
technological parameters of buttermilk ultrafiltration using bubbling of the
feedstock over the membrane surface. The rational parameters of the
buttermilk ultrafiltration process using bubbling mixing in close proximity
to the membrane surface have been determined. These operating parameters
are: pressure - 0.4...0.5 MPa, buttermilk temperature - 45...55 ??, process
duration 1.5...2.0 hours, bubbling frequency should be within 0.10...0.15
min-1.
The effect of polyvinylpirrolidone on the performance of polyvinylidene fluoride membranes
Authors: Lubis Mirna , Rinaldi Wahyu , Kamaruzzaman Suraiya , Fathanah Umi
Published: November 2022

In this investigation, polyvinylidene fluoride membranes were resulted by a
phase inversion technique with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as an agent to
form pores, as well as n-methyl pyrrolidone as a solvent. In addition, the
effect of PVP concentration (1-4%) was investigated to prepare membranes
with better membrane antifouling performance and characteristics.
Furthermore, functional groups, morphological structures, and membrane
porosity were analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and membrane porosity calculation. The
surface SEM images revealed that the size of the modified membrane pores
increased. The increase of the PVP concentration added, resulted in the
number of modified membrane pores. FTIR spectra confirmed that PVP
functional groups were dispersed in the PVDF membrane matrix. Optimum pure
water permeability (PWP) of 60 L/(m2?h?bar) was achieved using 3% PVP,
resulting in a humic acid rejection percentage of 80% and a water flux
recovery ratio (FRR) of 85%. These findings indicate that the utilization of
PVP as a pre-forming agent resulted in higher PWP, lower humic acid
rejection, and good antifouling properties.
Sensory satisfaction of tourists with local cheese and wine
Authors: Banjac Maja , Tesanovic Dragan , Bajkanovic Jovana , Kalenjuk-Pivarski Bojana , Gagic-Jarakovic Snjezana , Grubor Biljana
Published: November 2022

The aim of this research is to perform a sensory evaluation of cheese and wine, and to determine the level of harmonization between them. 71 tourists took part in the panel. The pairing of cheese and wine as well as the individual sensory evaluation of the products was done with the help of scales that were developed by Harrington. The cheeses used in the panel were: young cow cheese, sesame-flavoured cow cheese, paprika-flavoured cow cheese, and fermented sheep cheese. The wines used in the experiment were: Italian Riesling, Muscat Hamburg, Red Muscadine, and a blend of Cabernet Sauvignon and Muscat Hamburg. After the sensory evaluation, statistical data processing was started. All sensory characteristics were expressed by means of a mean value. Variance analysis (ANOVA) and the Tukey Test (p <.01) were used to compare the mean values of samples in order to identify the differences in the sensory attributes of both individual products and the products during harmonization. The sensory evaluation of the cheeses indicates that the panellists assessed all characteristics differently except when it came to sweetness. The sensory evaluation of the wines concludes that the panellists perceived all evaluated characteristics differently. In terms of harmonization, a neutral and refreshing blend was achieved. Synergy was not achieved in any of the combinations. In terms of the cheeses that harmonized with the wines, the panellists perceived the sesame-flavoured cheese as the most appreciated in combination with all the wines. The wine that left the most positive effect in combination with the cheeses was red muscadine.
Comparative chemometric analysis, ranking and selection of lipophilicity parameters of 6-chloro-1,3,5-triazine derivatives with acyclic and cyclic substituents
Authors: Salakovic Benjamin , Kovacevic Strahinja , Karadzic-Banjac Milica , Jevric Lidija , Podunavac-Kuzmanovic Sanja , Antonovic Dusan
Published: November 2022

In the present paper, the chemometric analysis, ranking and selection of the
most suitable in silico lipophilicity parameters of eight alkyl and
cycloalkyl s-triazine derivatives were carried out. The lipophilicity
parameters were calculated using various computational approaches and
computer programs. The conducted analysis is the basis for further studies
aimed to define, compare and examine the influence of alkyl and cycloalkyl
substituents, introduced in 6-chloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine structure,
on molecular lipophilicity and bioactivity. The chemometric methods used in
the study are pattern recognition methods, such as hierarchical cluster
analysis (HCA) and sum of ranking differences (SRD). The obtained ranking
results indicate that the following in silico lipophilicity descriptors can
be chosen as the most suitable for interpretation of lipophilicity of the
studied series of s-triazine derivatives: AlogP, MlogP, WLOGP, logPKLOP and
logPPHYS. The lipophilicity descriptor iLOGP was marked as the least
suitable lipophilicity descriptor of the studied series of compounds. The
ranking results were validated by 7-fold cross-validation approach and by
comparison of ranks by random numbers (CRRN).
Dyeing of previously modified wool fibers with acid dye
Authors: Nikodijevic Milena , Djordjevic Dragan
Published: November 2022

The paper presents a new approach to dyeing wool fibres with an acid dye. It
is about dyeing pretreated wool fibres with pentanol in laboratory
conditions. Acid dyes are the most important class of commercial dyes and
account for more than half of the dyes in industry. 100% wool fibre was used
in this investigation. In the practical part, the wool fibre was treated in
pentanol at a temperature of 20 ?C for 30 minutes. After pretreatment,
samples were dried and relaxed at room temperature for 24 hours. Then, the
treated fibres dyed with acid dye - Supramin blau. The dye concentrations
were 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg?dm-3. The time of dyeing process were 5,
10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes. This work gives good results when the
wool, especially since the dyeing takes place at a used temperature, 98 ?C.
A constant increase in the degree of dye exhaustion was observed during the
increase in the initial dye concentration i.e. 100 mg?dm-3. A longer dyeing
time for pretreated wool results in a higher degree of dye exhaustion. The
Freundlich's and Jovanovic's are applicable for describing the adsorption
flow because there is very little scatter around the ideal curve, so
functional straight lines cover most points very well.