bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Pre-incisional and Post-incisional Acupuncture on Hyperalgesia in Rat Incision Model
Authors: Ülger Gülay , Acar H. Volkan , Baldemir Ramazan , Tezer Esma , Yilmaz Ahmet , Ertaskin S. Aysegul , Dikmen Bayazit
Published: June 2021

Postoperative pain cannot be treated adequately in all patients, even though there are new developments in analgesic agents and treatment techniques. Thisstudy investigates the effect of pre-incisional and post-incisional electro- acupuncture on mechanical hyperalgesia in rat incisional
pain model. This study was carried out with 40 healthy Sprague-Dawley male rats. The rats were divided into 5 groups: Group 1; first electro-acupuncture, then incision. Group 2; first incision, then electro-acupuncture. Group 3; first sham electro-acupuncture, then incision. Group 4; first
incision, then sham electro-acupuncture. Group 5; control (incision only). Electro-acupuncture was applied to the ST36 and SP6 acupuncture points on the right hind paw. Sham electro- acupuncture was applied to the right thigh. Von Frey filaments were used to measure hyperalgesia at baseline
and at 4th, 6th, 24th and 48th hours. Shapiro Wilk test was used to determine whether the distribution of continuous variables was close to normal. Levene's test was used for homogeneity of variances. Bonferroni Correction Wilcoxon Sign test was used to determine whether the differences between
follow-up times were statistically significant or not. Bonferroni Correction on Kruskal Wallis test was used to determine whether there was any difference between groups. If the Kruskal Wallis test statistics were significant, analysis was performed using Conover's multiple comparison test.
p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. This study found that electro-acupuncture decreases hyperalgesia, and there was no significant difference between pre-incisional and post-incisional application in terms of the anti-hyperalgesic effectiveness of electro-acupuncture, except
for the duration of action. Pre-incisional applications are more effective than post-incisional applications. Pre-incisional sham electro-acupuncture has also been found to have anti-hyperalgesic effect. Our findings support the studies that electro-acupuncture can be used for preemptive purposes
in surgical patients. We think that researches should be continued in order to provide alternative methods for pain treatment.
Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture with Western Medicine for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Huo Xinhui , Liang Lili , Ding Xia , Bihazi Angshaer , Xu Haiyan
Published: June 2021

Objectives:In the present study, we assessed the therapeutic qualities of the combination of acupuncture with Western medicine to determine further lines of clinical research.
Methods:We searched English-language databases and Chinese-language databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to February 2020. Two reviewers performed a meta-analysis of the efficacy and toxicity of the use of acupuncture with Western medicine for RA measured by a visual analogue scale (VAS), rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP).
Results:In total, 9 RCTs involving 698 patients were included for analysis. VAS, ESR, CRP, and RF were all shown to favor the combination of acupuncture with Western medicine compared to Western medicine alone. ST36 (Zusanli), EX-UE9 (Baxie), Ll11 (Quchi), GB34 (Yanglingquan), TE14 (Jianliao) and TE4(Yangchi) were frequently used in 9 clinical trials.
Conclusion:Treatment using acupuncture with Western medicine was associated with higher efficacy and lower risks than treatment with Western medicine alone. ST36 (Zusanli), EX-UE9 (Baxie), Ll11 (Quchi), GB34 (Yanglingquan), TE14 (Jianliao) and TE4 (Yangchi) were frequently used in treatment of RA and had been verified with effect in clinical practice.
Availability of Physical Infrastructure in Implementation of the Competence-Based Curriculum in Public Primary Schools in Kericho County
Authors: Ngeno Beatrice , Mweru Maureen , Mwoma Teresa
Published: June 2021

A competency-based curriculum is a curriculum that allows students to develop prescribed competencies. In Kenya, the Competence-Based Curriculum implementation of 2-6-6-3 was adopted in January 2017. This education system replaces the 8-4-4 system of education and it aims to nurture the learners’ talents. School preparedness for the new curriculum change in Kenyan public primary schools is very important in the education policy framework. When curriculum changes take place in education, teachers as instructors and implementers should be supported to be competent in their work. The educators have a responsibility to ensure that today’s learning content meets tomorrow’s global demands for every learner. However, in Kenya, various stakeholders have expressed concerns regarding school and teachers’ preparedness for the Competence-Based Curriculum. The objective of the study was to find out whether there is a relationship between the availability of physical infrastructure and the implementation of the competency-based curriculum. Dewey’s Social Constructivism theory guided the study. A descriptive survey design and correlation research design was used in this study. The target population of the study included 24 County Support Officers (CSOs’), 524 headteachers, and 610 Grade 1 teachers. The sample size was 6 CSOs, 52 Headteachers, and 61 Grade 1 teachers. A saturated sampling technique was used to select all the 52 headteachers from 52 schools. Simple random sampling was used to select the schools and CSOs. A purposive sampling technique was used to select Grade 1 teachers in Kericho County. Data was collected using interview schedules, questionnaires, and an observation schedule. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics in the form of percentages, means, and standard deviation, while inferential statistics were correlated using Pearson product-moment correlation. Qualitative data was analysed using themes and sub-themes. The findings established that physical infrastructure had a moderate positive influence on CBC implementation with a correlation of 0.336 and a calculated value of 0.029 for the headteachers and 0.285 with a calculated value of 0.03 for Grade 1 teachers. Shortage of physical infrastructures like nutrition rooms and music rooms had a mean of 2.18 and 1.88 for headteachers. Grade 1 teachers’ response was 1.39 and 1.35 for nutrition and music laboratories respectively. The findings of the headteachers on teacher preparation had a moderate positive influence on CBC with a correlation of 0.494 with a calculated value of 0.00. The teachers had a correlation of 0.369 with a calculated value of 0.005 and were significant to the study. The study recommended that the government should increase funds to enable schools to construct laboratories. The results of this study are important for the successful adoption of the competency-based program through the participation of education stakeholders.
The Effect of Aloevera Mouthwash in Reducing Periodontal Disease among Secondary School Students in Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Nasreen Hamonari  , Samim A.AL-Dabbagh  , Anees Mahmud Mudhir
Published: June 2021

As the prevalence of periodontal diseases increases and antibiotic resistance develops, there is a need for alternative methods of treatment, safe, reliable and economical. Worldwide, dentistry has recently shown a change in approach to the use of such modalities to treat many inflammatory oral diseases. Aloe vera is a medicinal herb with many advantages and has recently gained considerable importance in clinical research. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of using Aloe vera mouthwashes on improving periodontal health among secondary school students in in Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.Materials and Methods: A quasi experimental study conducted on 289 systemically healthy participants with moderate and severe gingivitis (132 females and 157 males) aged 14-20 years randomly selected from eight secondary schools using multistage random sampling in Duhok city from December 2018 to May 2019. The periodontal status was assessed by using the Gingival Index and Plaque Index before and 4 weeks after using Aloevera mouthwash. Results: there was a significant decrease in the means of plaque and gingival indices after using Aloe vera mouthwash in the whole sample (p < 0.001), and among each gender (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The finding of this study showed that Aloe vera could prove to be effective mouthwash due to its ability to reduce periodontal indices. Therefore, Aloe vera can be used as an alternative product for the prevention and treatment of gingivitis.
A Comparitive Study Between Magnesium Sulphate Versus Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block
Authors: Sara Mary Thomas  , A. Anjali  , Jayshri B. Desai  , Sujay Thakkar
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Magnesium Sulphate and Dexamethasone are used as adjuvants to local anaesthetics inregional anaesthesia to improve the quality of blockObjective: To compare the efficacy of magnesium sulphate and dexamethasone on the characteristics of theblock and its effect on postoperative analgesia when added as an additive to bupivacaine in supraclavicularbrachial plexus block.Materials and Methods: Fifty patients belonging to American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) GradeI and II, aged between 18 to 55 years, scheduled for elective upper limb surgeries under supraclavicularbrachial plexus block were enrolled in this study. Patients were equally divided into two groups : group Mreceived 0.5% Bupivacaine 30ml with 10% Magnesium sulphate 5 ml (500mg) and group D received 0.5%Bupivacaine 30ml with Dexamethasone 2ml (8mg) + Normal saline 3ml. Onset and duration of sensory andmotor block , duration of postoperative analgesia and any complications were observed.Results: In our study the demographic profile of patients, duration of surgery and ASA status between thetwo groups were comparable. Onset of sensory block was earlier in group D than group M (17.12±0.93minutes and 19.40 ±1.08 minutes respectively, p=0.001). Duration of motor block and analgesia were longerin group D as compared to group M (479.00 ±50.83 minutes vs 346.40 ±32.77 minutes respectively, p=0.001 for motor block and 533.80 ±59.80 minutes vs 415.00 ±57.23 minutes respectively, p=0.001 foranalgesia). No significant side effects were noted.Conclusion: Dexamethasone is a better adjuvant than Magnesium Sulphate when added to bupivacaine insupraclavicular brachial plexus block as it prolongs duration of motor block and analgesia significantly withminimal side effects.
El feminicidio en Ciudad Juárez: una perspectiva jurídica
Authors: Aguirre Bonilla Olivia
Published: June 2021

La violencia en contra de las mujeres está presente hoy en día en nuestra sociedad, distintas modalidades son las que se hacen visibles e inclusive comunes, en ellas encontramos el feminicidio como aquel crimen perpetrado en contra de la mujer por el hecho de ser mujer. Nuestro espacio de estudio se avoca a la entidad federativa de Chihuahua, México, haciendo especial énfasis a la ciudad fronteriza de Juárez.

Los objetivos de la presente investigación tienen como fin definir los conceptos de femicidio y feminicidio desde el ámbito teórico y normativo; analizar las dimensiones y alcances del delito de homicidio por razón de género en el Código Penal del estado de Chihuahua; identificar las similitudes y diferencias del tipo penal en otras entidades del Estado mexicano y conocer las percepciones de las autoridades investigadoras y judiciales respecto al tipo penal.

La base metodológica fue el enfoque cualitativo, a través del método inductivo, método comparativo y método exegético, cuyas técnicas fueron la entrevista semi- estructurada y la investigación documental. Siendo indispensable repensar el delito de feminicidio en la entidad y adaptarlo a la realidad, a través de una reforma integral que logre visibilizar la violencia de género, y generar conciencia social sobre el problema.
INTRODUCING OF INTERNAL VISCOUS FRICTION IN EQUATIONS OF BEAM OSCILLATION AS LONG RECTANGULAR STRIP
Authors:   Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Zveriaev E.M.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. On the base of the method of simple iterations generalising methods of semi-inverse one of Saint-Venant, Reissner and Timoshenko the one-dimensional theory is constructed using the example of dynamic equations of a plane problem of elasticity theory for a long elastic strip. The resolving equation of that one-dimensional theory coincides with the equation of beam vibrations. The other problems with unknowns are determined without integration by direct calculations. In the initial equations of the theory of elasticity the terms corresponding to the viscous friction in the Navier-Stokes equations are introduced. The asymptotic characteristics of the unknowns obtained by the method of simple iterations allow to search for a solution in the form of expansions of the unknowns into asymptotic series. The resolving equation contains a term that depends on the coefficient of viscous friction.
DEDETERMINATION OF THE LOGARITHMIC DECREMENT OF NATURAL VIBRATIONS OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURESTERMINATION OF THE LOGARITHMIC DECREMENT OF NATURAL VIBRATIONS OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
Authors:   FSBI VNII GOCHS (FT), Savinov A.M. , Nigmetov G.M. ,   FSBI VNII GOCHS (FT), Kovaleva S.D. ,   FSBI VNII GOCHS (FT);, Nigmetov T.G. ,   FSBI VNII GOCHS (FT);
Published: June 2021

Abstract. For the passport of buildings and structures, it is required to determine the logarithmic damping decrement. The proposed expressions [1, 2] to determine the decrement use the value of the Q-factor, however, an expression is known in which the damping decrement is determined through the logarithm of the ratio of the amplitudes of the damped signal. Comparison of the formulas for calculating the logarithmic decrement of vibrations was carried out using the example of data obtained when testing a beam with reinforcement.
EQUATION OF STATE OF A WIRE IN THE PARAMETRIC FORM OF A CHAIN LINE
Authors:   CONCERN TITAN-2, Mishchenko V.V.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The "equation of state of the wire" is presented for the parametric representation of a chain line as a system of nonlinear equations. The classical equation of state of a wire is a special case of the presented system of nonlinear equations. The concept of the "initial" state of the wire is introduced, which is used to show the solution of the parametric "equation of state of the wire".
DEVELOPMENT OF TESTING METHODS FOR BRICK AND MASONRY SAMPLES, CONSIDERING THE BIAXIAL STRESS STATE
Authors:   TSNIISK named after V.A. Kucherenko, JSC «NITS «Stroitelstvo», Pyatikrestovskiy K.P.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The article contains a brief description about the addition of the test program of the walls from masonry and the processing of results of experimental studies. It'll make the processing of the results so much easier and improve their accuracy.
THE REAL NUMBER MODULE IN PROBLEMS WITH GEOMETRIC CONTENT
Authors: Бичегкуев Маирбек Сулейманович , Олисаев Эльбрус Георгиевич
Published: June 2021

В работе приводится решение задач, задаваемых уравнениями и неравенствами (или их системами), содержащими знак модуля.

The paper presents the solution of problems defined by equations and inequalities (or their systems) containing the modulus sign.
RUSSIA IN THE ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT INDEX (EGDI-2020)
Authors: Гродская Галина Николаевна , Меркулов Денис Сергеевич
Published: June 2021

Цифровая трансформация в настоящее время является важнейшей частью устойчивого развития многих стран. Пандемия закрепила роль цифрового правительства и ускорила цифровизацию государственного управления. В статье рассматриваются динамика позиций России в рейтинге EGDI, а также глобальные тенденции в области развития электронного управления.

Digital transformation is now an essential part of the sustainable development of many countries. The pandemic has cemented the role of digital government and accelerated the digitalization of government. The article examines the dynamics of Russia's positions in the EGDI ranking, as well as global trends in the development of e-government.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF NORWAY'S ECONOMY AND EDUCATION
Authors: Петросян Анаит Ариковна , Кузьмина Татьяна Ивановна
Published: June 2021

Растущая динамика на международных рынках, усиление конкуренции между компаниями и, в следствие, между рабочими кадрами, а также все более успешные позиции электронного рынка с огромными объёмами информации для клиентов в Интернете - основные причины пересмотра ведения не только бизнеса, но и перестройки экономики, а вместе с ней и перестройки подготовки будущих участников рынка. В статье рассматривается трансформация основы всех стран - экономики и образования в эпоху цифровизации.

The growing dynamics in international markets, increased competition between companies and, as a result, between workforce, as well as the increasingly successful positions of the electronic market with huge volumes of information for customers on the Internet are the main reasons for the revision of not only business, but also the restructuring of the economy, and along with it, restructuring the preparation of future market participants. The article examines the transformation of the foundation of all countries - the economy and education in the era of digitalization.
FOREIGN STUDENTS ON THE RULES OF WRITING AN ELECTRONIC BUSINESS LETTER
Authors: Зорина Виктория Владимировна , Кадыркулов Мухамеджан Тынысбаевич
Published: June 2021

Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме понимания и владения иностранными обучающимися правилами составления электронного делового письма. Представлены результаты опроса слушателей курсов подготовки иностранных специалистов СибЮИ МВД России. Выявлено, что респонденты не владеют в полном объеме сведениями о структуре и правилах составления электронного делового письма.

The article is devoted to the actual problem of understanding and proficiency of foreign students in the rules of writing an electronic business letter. The article presents the results of a survey of students of the training courses for foreign specialists of the SIBYUI of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. It was revealed that the respondents do not have full knowledge of the structure and rules of writing an electronic business letter.
AVICENNA - HISTORY'S PRODIGY
Authors:   Phd, Academy Of Arts Of Uzbekistan National Institute Of Arts And Design Named After Kamoliddin Behzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Ganieva Shakhnoza , Akilova Professor Kamola Baltabayevna ,   Doctor Of Arts, National Institute Of Arts And Design Named After Kamoliddin Behzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2021

The earliest of the manuscripts available in the world, "Kitab al-Qanun fi-t-tibb" ("Canon of Medicine"), by the great Abu Ali ibn Sina (980-1037), dating back to the 12th century, is kept in the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. This major work has been the most complete encyclopedia of medicine for a millennium. As early as in the 12th century, it was translated in Europe from Arabic into Latin by the Italian Gerard of Cremona (1114-1187) and then disseminated in many manuscripts. "The Canon of Medicine," Avicenna began writing when he was twenty years old and completed this work in 1020-at the age of forty, when Avicenna's medical and life experience was vast. This article is just an attempt to lift the veil over the mystery of the genius' formation, and how this priceless folio, created in the ancient Uzbek land, came to St. Petersburg.
THE INFLOW OF RUSSIAN CAPITAL AND INDUSTRY INTO THE BUKHARA EMIRATE IN THE LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES
Authors:   Associate Professor, National University Of Uzbekistan Named After Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan, Ochildiev Fayzulla
Published: June 2021

Beginning in the 80 years of 19th century , the Russian government and entrepreneurs began to invest in the development of protected and gray lands in the emirate, as well as in the expansion of cotton fields. It also introduced an industry related to the processing of raw cotton grown in the emirate. It also pursued a policy of relocating the military and Russian citizens to major cities in the emirate.
THE ROLE OF THE GENE POOL IN THE CONSERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
Authors:   Lecturer Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Rabbimova Farida
Published: June 2021

This article examines the importance of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the conservation of biodiversity. Uzbekistan is a relatively agrarian country and largely depends on the state of natural biological resources.
SOCIO-HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING HYGIENIC CULTURE IN THE PREPARATION OF STUDENTS FOR FAMILY LIFE
Authors:   Independent Researcher Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Kholmatova Muzayyan Mubashirovna
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the socio-historical significance of the development of hygienic culture in the process of preparing students for family life. Also, the process of preparing students for family life, in this process, the problem of forming a hygienic culture in them is studied.
Assessing the Performance of Climate Smart Rice Production Systems in the Upper Part of the Vietnamese Mekong River Delta
Authors:   Agricultural Market and Institution Research Institute, Vietnam National Agricultural University, Ha Noi, Vietnam, Dang Kim Khoi , Doan Minh Thu ,   Centre for Agricultural Policy, Institute of Policy and Strategy for Agricultural and Rural Development, Ha Noi, Vietnam, Le Thi Ha Lien ,   University of New England, Armidale, Australia, Nguyen Thi Tam Ninh ,   University of New England, Armidale, Australia, Pham Duc Thinh ,   Agricultural Market and Institution Research Institute, Vietnam National Agricultural University, Ha Noi, Vietnam, Do Huy Thiep ,   Agricultural Market and Institution Research Institute, Vietnam National Agricultural University, Ha Noi, Vietnam, Ngo Sy Dat ,   Agricultural Market and Institution Research Institute, Vietnam National Agricultural University, Ha Noi, Vietnam, Vu Thi Bich Ngoc ,   Centre for Agricultural Policy, Institute of Policy and Strategy for Agricultural and Rural Development, Ha Noi, Vietnam, Nguyen Phuong Anh ,   Centre for Agricultural Policy, Institute of Policy and Strategy for Agricultural and Rural Development, Ha Noi, Vietnam
Published: June 2021

Climate smart agriculture (CSA) has gained considerable attention in Vietnam due to its potential to increase food security and farming system resilience while decreasing greenhouse gas emissions. In recent years, several CSA practices have been introduced in rice production, the most important sub-sector of Vietnam’s agriculture. However, few studies have been done in Vietnam to produce comprehensive assessments of CSA performance in the rice sector. This research proposes a comprehensive approach to assess CSA practices through a new set of evaluation indicators. A case study in An Giang province of the Vietnamese Mekong River Delta was implemented to evaluate the performance of five CSA models versus that of the triple rice crop system (i.e., benchmarking model). Results show that rice-shrimp and rice-lotus rotations are most profitable, low-risk, and applicable at a larger scale. Given that the current study analyzed and calculated only a small number of indicators and types of CSA practices, further research is necessary to test all indicators and diversified types of CSA models.
Analyzing Consumer Preferences for Credence Attributes of Fish and Fishery Products in Davao City, Philippines
Authors:   School of Management, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao City, Philippines, Castro Miko Mariz C. , Pabuayon Isabelita M. ,   College of Economics and Management, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, Catelo Salvador P. ,   College of Economics and Management, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, Camacho, Jr. Jose V. ,   College of Economics and Management, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
Published: June 2021

Fish remains among the essential diet components in a typical Filipino household. As fish consumption rises, the manner of how it is caught is in question as it affects the quality of the fish. This study aims to analyze the importance of the two credence attributes of environmental sustainability and food safety in fish and fishery products in Davao City, Philippines. Conjoint analysis was used to analyze consumer preference by estimating the consumer’s utility function. From the preference model, the relative importance of the considered attributes in descending order are food safety certification, sustainability practice information, and extent of good animal welfare for target and non-target species. Three major segments of seafood consumers (N = 300) were clustered in terms of policy preferences. These are consumers who preferred policies on food safety certification and traceability system (77%), consumers who preferred policies regarding food safety certification and environmental sustainability certification (16%), and consumers who highly preferred only food safety certification (7%). Using multinomial logistic regression, the factors affecting preferences were found to be average price per kilogram for capture fishery products, barangay (i.e., village) classification, household size, retail outlet choice, sex, frequency of buying, beliefs and practices regarding environmental sustainability and environmental concerns, age, years of education, and frequency of buying fish. The study showed the potential of environmental sustainability and food safety attributes in influencing the purchasing decisions of the consumers.
Exploring the ICT Preferences of Personnel from Agricultural Extension Organizations in the Northeastern Region of India
Authors:   Department of Management Studies, Pondicherry University, India, Baruah Anushree , Mohan G. Madan ,   Department of Management Studies, Pondicherry University, India
Published: June 2021

Although the public extension system in India is known to be one of the largest in the world, it still lacks coordinated effort in managing the links between research, extension, and farmers, resulting in non-uniform distribution of agricultural knowledge and technology. A vast majority of the population earning their livelihood through agriculture remain small and marginal farmers. Lack of computerized networks in agricultural extension departments, inadequate skilled manpower for disseminating agricultural information, and increasingly diverse needs of farmers across the Indian sub-continent pose hurdles in effective information transfer to the farming community. The use of information and communication technology (ICT) tools exerts a positive impact on agriculture worldwide by aiding speedy and effective dissemination of agricultural information. An increased awareness of modern ICT tools and their usage will contribute substantially to strengthening the extension network and expand its scope. This study explored the ICT preferences of personnel from agricultural extension organizations employed in public extension organizations in the north-eastern region of India. It found that electronic media is ranked below the conventional extension contact modes of print media and personalized contact regarding its use for disseminating agricultural information by the extension personnel. Demographic characteristics of the personnel from agricultural extension organizations such as sex, age, education, specialization, designation, and work experience were significantly associated with the pattern of ICT use specifically experience with ICT, frequency of use, training, and voluntary use.
Experimental spectrum of the cosmic ray variations within rigidity range of 1-20 GV in the Earth’s orbit by the data of AMS-02
Authors: Belov Anatoly V. , Gushchina Raisa T. , Yanke Victor , Trefilova Liudmila , Kobelev Pavel G. , Eroshenko Eugenia A.
Published: June 2021

For the first time, based on the experimental data of AMS-02, a three-parameter spectrum of variations of ga - lactic cosmic rays was obtained in the range of rigidity 1- 20 GV,
to which neutron monitors are most sensitive. It was found that during the period of negative polarity of the solar magnetic field, a power-law spectrum of va - riations is observed
with a strong exponential decay in the region of high rigidity. When the polarity changes to positive at the beginning of the new 24th solar cycle, the spectrum of cosmic ray variations
becomes purely po- wer-law. The transition to the experimentally obtained spectrum of variations will make it possible to remove a number of uncertainties and increase the accuracy of
the analysis of data from the ground network of detectors. This will make it possible to retrospectively obtain fluxes of galactic protons with an average monthly resolution for the
period of the space era based on ground-based monitoring.
Light Curves of Partial Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Chen 陈 Jin-Hong 劲鸿 , Shen 申 Rong-Feng 荣锋
Published: June 2021

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) can uncover the quiescent black holes (BHs) at the center of galaxies and also offer a promising method to study them. In a partial TDE (PTDE), the BH’s tidal force cannot fully disrupt the star, so the stellar core survives and only a varied portion of the stellar mass is bound to the BH and feeds it. We calculate the event rate of PTDEs and full TDEs (FTDEs). In general, the event rate of PTDEs is higher than that of FTDEs, especially for the larger BHs, and the detection rate of PTDEs is approximately dozens per year, as observed by the Zwicky Transient Factory. During the circularization process of the debris stream in PTDEs, no outflow can be launched due to the efficient radiative diffusion. The circularized debris ring then experiences viscous evolution and forms an accretion disk. We calculate the light curves of PTDEs contributed by these two processes, along with their radiation temperature evolution. The light curves have double peaks and peak in the UV spectra. Without obscuration or reprocessing of the radiation by an outflow, PTDEs provide a clean environment to study the circularization and transient disk formation in TDEs.
Probing Feedback via IGM tomography and the Lyα Forest with Subaru PFS, TMT/ELT, and JWST
Authors: Nagamine Kentaro , Shimizu Ikkoh , Fujita Katsumi , Suzuki Nao , Lee Khee-Gan , Momose Rieko , Mukae Shiro , Liang Yongming , Kashikawa Nobunari , Ouchi Masami , Silverman John D.
Published: June 2021

In preparation for the tomography study of the intergalactic medium (IGM) by Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) survey and other large future telescopes such as TMT/ELT/GMT, we present the results of our pilot study on Lyα forest and IGM tomography statistics using the GADGET3-Osaka cosmological smoothed particle hydrodynamical simulation. Our simulation includes models for star formation and supernova feedback, which enables more realistic cross-correlation studies between galaxies, neutral hydrogen (H i), and metals in circumgalactic and intergalactic medium. We create a light-cone data set at z = 2–3 from our simulations and generate mock Lyα forest data. As a first step, in this paper, we focus on the distribution of H i and galaxies, and present statistical results on 1D flux probability distribution function, 1D power spectrum, flux contrast versus impact parameter, and H i–galaxy cross-correlations. Our results show overall agreement with current observational data, with some interesting discrepancies on small scales that are due to either feedback effects or varying observational conditions. Our simulation shows stronger H i absorption with decreasing transverse distance from galaxies. We find that massive galaxies with M
⋆ ≥ 1010
M
⊙ contribute strongly to the flux contrast signal, and that lower-mass galaxies with M
⋆ ∼ 108–1010
M
⊙ tend to dilute the flux contrast signal from massive galaxies. On large scales, the average flux contrast smoothly connects to the IGM level, supporting the concordance Λ cold dark matter model. We also find an increase in the H i absorption toward the center of a protocluster.
Sensitivity of Cosmological Parameter Estimation to Nonlinear Prescription from Galaxy Clustering
Authors: Safi Sarah , Farhang Marzieh
Published: June 2021

Next-generation large-scale surveys will probe the nonlinear regime with high resolution. Making viable cosmological inferences based on these observations requires accurate theoretical modeling of the mildly nonlinear regime. In this work we investigate the sensitivity of cosmological parameter measurements from future probes of galaxy clustering to the choice of nonlinear prescription up to

. In particular, we calculate the induced parameter bias when the mildly nonlinear regime is modeled by the Halofit fitting scheme. We find significant (∼5σ) bias for some parameters with a future Euclid-like survey. We also explore the contribution of different scales to the parameter estimation for different observational setups and cosmological scenarios, compared for the two nonlinear prescriptions of Halofit and EFTofLSS. We include in the analysis the free parameters of the nonlinear theory and a blind parameterization for the galaxy bias. We find that marginalization over these nuisance parameters significantly boosts the errors of the standard cosmological parameters. This renders the differences in the predictions of the various nonlinear prescriptions less effective when transferred to the parameter space. More accurate modeling of these nuisance parameters would therefore greatly enhance the cosmological gain from the mildly nonlinear regime.
Systematic Review of Laparoscopic versus Robotic Hiatal Hernia Repair
Authors: Coco Danilo , Leanza Silvana
Published: June 2021

To investigate, the results which contrasted robotic assisted hiatal hernia repair (RA-HHR) against laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair (LPHHR) we conducted a review. The results indicated feasibility and safety associated with the robotic method. The comparison of studies did not reveal variations in mortality and morbidity rate, conversion rate, ICU stay, 1-month mortality, and post-operative complications, quality of life between the RA-HHR cohort and LPHHR cohort.
Case Report: Acute Transverse Myelitis
Authors: Ginting Petrus Nilwan , Ritarwan Kiking
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) could be a pathogenetically heterogeneous inflammatory disorder affecting the spinal cord at one or more segments [1].

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a 69-year-old man presented with complaints of weakness of the arms and legs since 3 weeks before hospital admission. On physical and neurological examination was found Tetraparese, lower motor neuron in the superior limb and upper motor neuron in the inferior limb, sensory disturbances at C6-C7 levels, and autonomic impairment retention of urine and bladder dysfunction. On magnetic resonance imaging examination of the whole spine vertebra, a diffuse process was found in the spinal cord along with the cervical 7 to Th12-L1. Differential diagnosis is with transverse myelitis, multiple sclerosis, and no picture of syringomyelia. The patient was treated with steroids. Acute transverse myelitis is an inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord with various causes.

CONCLUSION: Clinical examination and investigations are very important to establish the diagnosis and determine the right management so that the expected outcome is obtained.
Homatula guanheensis sp. nov. (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae), a new species of loach from Henan Province, China
Authors: Zhou Chuanjiang , Ma Wenwen , Wang Xi , Tang Yongtao , Meng Xiaoling , Nie Guoxing
Published: June 2021

The genus Homatula belongs to the order Cypriniformes and family Nemacheilidae. Nichols (1925) set up the genus as a subgenus of Barbatula by the type species of Nemacheilus potanini. Currently, it is recognised as a valid genus. Nineteen valid species have been already reported in the drainage of the Yellow, Yangtze, Pearl, Lancang, Red and Nujiang Rivers. H. variegata, H. longidorsalis, H. berezowskii and H. potanini are distributed in the Yangtze River drainage in China. H. laxiclathra is mainly distributed in the Weihe River, a tributary of the Yellow River. The remaining species are mainly distributed in the rivers of Yunnan Province.

Homatula guanheensis sp. nov., a new species, is described from the Guanhe River of the HanJiang River drainage (a tributary of the Yangtze River), Xixia County, Henan Province, China. It can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: the vertical brown bars on the body are wider than their interspaces, numbering 19–22; predorsal body partially scaled; the lateral line complete; adipose crest on caudal peduncle not reaching forward; the position of the anal-fin origin and the intestinal form. The new species displays distinct molecular divergence in the Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and Cytochrome b (Cyt b) genes.
Hawaiian Paratachys Casey (Coleoptera, Carabidae): small beetles of sodden summits, stony streams, and stygian voids
Authors: Liebherr James K.
Published: June 2021

Five Hawaiian species ofParatachysCasey are revised, including four newly described:Paratachys terrylifrom Kauai;P. perkinsifrom Moloka‘i;P. haleakalaefrom Maui; andP. aaafrom Hawai‘i Island. A lectotype is designated for the fifth Hawaiian species currently combined withParatachys,Tachys arcanicolaBlackburn, 1878 of Oahu. HawaiianParatachysspp. known from more than one specimen exhibit some degree of ocular polymorphism, that variation being extreme inP. terryliwhere individuals range in ocular development from macrophthalmic with broadly convex eyes to microphthalmic with small, flat eyes. All HawaiianParatachysspecies comprise individuals with vestigial wings, with the exception ofP. terryli, where a single macropterous, macrophthalmic female complements the other 18 brachypterous specimens. Based on a transformation series of characters from the male aedeagus, the biogeographic history of HawaiianParatachysis consistent with progressive colonization of the Hawaiian Island chain. Three of the species do not appear to represent species of conservation concern, withP. terryliandP. haleakalaeknown from terrestrial deep soil, litter, and streamside microhabitats in montane wet rain forest, and the troglobiticP. aaaoccupying the dark zone of numerous, recently developed lava tube caves within the Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanic massifs. The conservation status of the other two species is much more dire, withP. arcanicolaof O‘ahu not seen in nature since the early 20thCentury, andP. perkinsiknown only from a single specimen fortuitously collected in 1894 near sea level on Moloka‘i.
Flea beetles of the West Indies: the genus Hemilactica Blake, 1937 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini)
Authors: Konstantinov Alexander S.
Published: June 2021

The West Indian flea beetle genus Hemilactica Blake, 1937 is reviewed. Two new species, both from the Dominican Republic are described and illustrated: H. erwinisp. nov. and H. sierramatringarciasp. nov. In addition, images of the holotypes of H. portoricensis Blake, H. pulchella Blake, and H. rugosa Blake are provided. Lactica megaspila (Blake) is transferred to Hemilactica. A lectotype of H. quatuordecimpunctata (Suffrian, 1868) is designated and illustrated, and a key to the Hemilactica species and a key for identification of Hemilactica and related genera occurring in the Western Hemisphere are provided.
Memories of Terry Erwin
Authors: Spence John , Kavanaugh David , Maddison David R. , Boyd Olivia , Brandmayr Pietro , Garner Beulah , Maveety Sarah , Mosquera Diego , Moore Wendy , Riley Kathryn , Shorthouse Joseph , Sims Linda , Steiner Warren , Swing Kelly , Turin Hans , Zamorano Laura S. , Penev Lyubomir
Published: June 2021

We were fortunate to have known Terry not only as an excellent professional coleopterist and an enthusiastic colleague, but also as a good friend. Entomological meetings for us came with an evening supper or two with Terry and the kind of laid-back personal catch-up that happens only among friends with long-term interest in each other’s lives. Through our connections with the University of Alberta and George Ball we were also happy members of Terry’s basal academic family. While we will join the rest of a broader scientific community in missing his presence in development of ideas about beetles, biodiversity and evolution, the kinds of work that Terry promoted will continue. We will, of course, be interested in following how the understanding of carabids and nature develops further from Terry’s contributions. This will most certainly continue to grow, partly through the efforts of those that he has influenced. Every practicing research scientist has some role to play in the great chain of discovery, and much of this volume is meant to celebrate Terry’s contributions and showcase how they have influenced the work of others.

 

Our own more enduring sense of loss will flow from the personal interactions with Terry that were generally part of our timelines. Despite the sadness associated with such loss, our memories of interactions with Terry underscore a sense of joy and gratefulness for having connected with him interpersonally in life. Given Terry’s affable and social nature, many others will have such memories. Thus, when Lyubomir Penev asked us to coordinate a selection of ‘memories’ for this memorial volume, we were happy to undertake the task and gather together a selection of memories of our friend, Terry Erwin. What follows is a series of recollections by people who knew and worked with him from a number of perspectives during a broad range of his academic career.

 

We are most grateful to those who have been willing to share their reflections. These are presented here as a way of reaching beyond Terry’s considerable scientific influence to also preserve some sense of his influence on the lives of people, and the ways in which he encouraged and inspired them. We thank all the contributors for their efforts and Diane Hollingdale for work to bring the included photographs to the best possible publication standard.

 

John R. Spence

Edmonton, Alberta

 

David H. Kavanaugh

San Francisco, California

 

David R. Maddison

Corvallis, Oregon
L’autoanalyse de George Sand
Authors: Jaeger Philippe
Published: June 2021

Penser, pour G. Sand, c’est écrire après-coup. On retrouve dans sa correspondance un travail d’autoanalyse, souvent suscité par des ruptures, qui la conduit à élaborer ses traumatismes de l’enfance, dont la mort du père et les conflits violents qui opposaient sa grand-mère aristocrate et sa mère, « femme du pavé de Paris ». Dans un transfert à prédominance paternelle avec ses correspondants, elle écrit ce qui lui vient à l’esprit. Ces crises sont l’occasion de migraines déjà présentes chez sa mère. Elle a recours aux rêveries. Sans interlocuteur elle se perd dans le « non-moi ».
Corps déporté, corps survivant. Regard sur l’écriture de Primo Levi
Authors: Munaro Béatrice
Published: June 2021

Le début de La Trêve et le dernier chapitre de Si c’est un homme offrent une réflexion sur la prise en charge des corps des déportés, l’héritage laissé par la machine concentrationnaire, instrument à broyer l’individu, physiquement et psychiquement. En revisitant le récit de la fin de son expérience de l’enfermement, nous pouvons nous interroger sur l’écriture du corps déporté et survivant mise en œuvre par Primo Levi ; l’auteur cherche à montrer sans détour le corps en crise, le renversement de l’humain.
Associations Between Compliance With Non-pharmaceutical Interventions and Social-distancing Policies in Korea During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hwang Yu Seong , Jo Heui Sug
Published: June 2021

Objectives: This study explored changes in individuals’ behavior in response to social distancing (SD) levels and the “no gatherings of more than 5 people” (NGM5) rule in Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods: Using survey data from the COVID-19 Behavior Tracker, exploratory factor analysis extracted 3 preventive factors: maintenance of personal hygiene, avoiding going out, and avoiding meeting people. Each factor was used as a dependent variable. The chi-square test was used to compare differences in distributions between categorical variables, while binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with high compliance with measures to prevent transmission.Results: In men, all 3 factors were significantly associated with lower compliance. Younger age groups were associated with lower compliance with maintenance of personal hygiene and avoiding meeting people. Employment status was significantly associated with avoiding going out and avoiding meeting people. Residence in the capital area was significantly associated with higher compliance with personal hygiene and avoiding venturing out. Increasing SD levels were associated with personal hygiene, avoiding going out, and avoiding meeting people. The NGM5 policy was not significantly associated with compliance.Conclusions: SD levels, gender, age, employment status, and region had explanatory power for compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Strengthening social campaigns to inspire voluntary compliance with NPIs, especially focused on men, younger people, full-time workers, and residents of the capital area is recommended. Simultaneously, efforts need to be made to segment SD measures into substrategies with detailed guidance at each level.
Οικονομία και νομισματοκοπία των πόλεων της Πελοποννήσου στον 1ο αι. π.Χ.: Ο ρωμαϊκός παράγων
Authors: Παπαγεωργιαδου Χαρίκλεια , Ζουμπακη Σοφία
Published: June 2021

La période qui succède à la destruction de Corinthe en 146 av. J.-C., jusqu’à la fin du iie s. av. J.-C., est une période de pauvreté et de repli pour les villes du Péloponnèse, comme cela ressort des rares témoignages littéraires, de la quasi-absence de textes épigraphiques et des trouvailles monétaires. Les sources de tout type redeviennent abondantes au début du ier s. av. J.-C. En regroupant les informations, on s’efforce ici de déterminer quel fut l’impact de la présence romaine sur l’économie des villes péloponnésiennes et la probable influence de Rome aussi bien dans la frappe monétaire des cités que dans la relance de l’activité monétaire du Koinon achéen ressuscité. Même si l’on ne relève pas d’intervention spécifique des autorités romaines dans l’économie locale, nombreux sont toutefois les témoignages d’un développement économique des régions soumises, comme le Péloponnèse, par le biais du financement des entreprises militaires romaines. La prétendue autonomie monétaire des cités et des confédérations se révèle souvent n’être, en réalité, qu’un instrument soumis aux ordres du pouvoir romain.