bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influenza Prediction: Analyzing Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Yadav Sapna , Agarwal Pankaj
Published: August 2021

Analyzing online or digital data for detecting epidemics is one of the hot areas of research and now becomes more relevant during the present outbreak of Covid-19. There are several different types of the influenza virus and moreover they keep evolving constantly in the same manner the COVID-19 virus has done. As a result, they pose a greater challenge when it comes to analyzing them, predicting when, where and at what degree of severity it will outbreak during the flu season across the world. There is need for greater surveillance to both seasonal and pandemic influenza to ensure the health and safety of the mankind. The objective of work is to apply machine learning algorithms for building predictive models that can predict where the occurrence, peak and severity of influenza in each season. For this work we have considered a freely available dataset of Ireland which is recorded for the duration of 2005 to 2016. Specifically, we have tested three ML Algorithms namely Linear Regression, Support Vector Regression and Random Forests. We found Random Forests is giving better predictive results. We also conducted experiment through weka tool and tested Zero R, Linear Regression, Lazy Kstar, Random Forest, REP Tree, Multilayer Perceptron models. We again found the Random Forest is performing better in comparison to all other models. We also evaluated other regression models including Ridge Regression, modified Ridge regression, Lasso Regression, K Neighbor Regression and evaluated the mean absolute errors. We found that modified Ridge regression is producing minimum error. The proposed work is inclined towards finding the suitability & appropriate ML algorithm for solving this problem on Flu.
Enhancing Location Privacy for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Weerasinghe Hesiri , Fu Huirong
Published: August 2021

Communication messages in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) can be used to track movement of vehicles. In this paper, we address the problem of movement tracking and enhance location privacy without affecting security and safety of vehicles. By considering unique characteristics of VANETs, we firstly propose a synchronized pseudonym changing protocol based on the concept of forming groups among neighboring vehicles. Secondly, we analytically evaluate the anonymity and unlinkability of the proposed protocol. Finally, we do a series of simulations to evaluate the performance of our protocol in real VANET environments such as Manhattan and Urban. Simulation results show that our protocol is feasible and produces excellent performances. The main advantages of our protocol compared with the existing approaches include: 1) it makes larger anonymity set and higher entropy; 2) it reduces the tracking probability; 3) it can be used in both safety and non-safety communications; and 4) Vehicles need not suspend regular communication for changing pseudonyms.
Participação de um consórcio de alumínio no Brasil: um estudo de caso sobre ações sustentáveis
Authors: Farias Wandercleydson Pereira de , Fontgalland Isabel Lausanne
Published: August 2021

A Alumar (Consórcio de Alumínio do Maranhão S.A.), instalada em São Luís, é uma empresa formada por um consórcio entre as mineradoras transnacionais Alcoa, Rio Tinto e South32. É uma das maiores produtoras de alumina do mundo, e uma das maiores empresas instaladas no Maranhão. Era também uma grande produtora de alumínio, mas as atividades com o metal foram encerradas em março de 2015. A Alumar sempre esteve presente na vida econômica, social e cultural no estado. Investimentos, parcerias, pesquisas, geração de emprego e renda, qualificação profissional e ações sustentáveis na fabricação da alumina deram à Alumar, ao longo dessas quatro décadas, seu caráter de liderança no segmento. De maneira ativa e participativa, a Alumar conquistou excelência operacional por meio do absoluto respeito pela vida, diversidade, meio ambiente e sustentabilidade, além de intensa participação nas comunidades com foco nas áreas da educação, geração de emprego e renda e engajamento. O presente estudo de caso, tem por objetivo apresentar as principais características da trajetória deste consórcio e a sua importância para o desenvolvimento industrial local.
Mapeamento da variabilidade do solo e possíveis impactos sobre a cultura da batata (Solanum tuberosum)
Authors: ORTEGA DIEGO JAVIER PEREZ , ORTEGA JORGE ANDRES SEGOVIA , BOLAÑOS FABIO ANDRES , OBANDO EDGAR DARIO , DA SILVA ALEXANDRE MARCO
Published: August 2021

A batata é um alimento básico na dieta diária da população colombiana e latino-americana. No Departamento de Nariño sua produção é massiva, sendo um produto agrícola muito importante e base da segurança alimentar na Colômbia. Pelo fato de ser cultivada extensivamente como monocultura, tornou-se a cultura com maior incidência de pragas e doenças na região. Assim se justifica a urgência e a importância desta metodologia que propõe soluções na implementação de tecnologias e dispositivos como drones e sensores de diferentes tipos que ajudam a determinar variáveis ​​que influenciam a incidência destas pragas, e que reduzem as perdas tanto na produção como na qualidade do produto. Assim, este estudo realizado no distrito de Obonuco, teve como objetivo analisar algumas variáveis ​​simples da cultura da batata. Observou-se valores médios de temperatura de 15,7 oC, um intervalo de pH de 7,3, uma condutividade média muito baixa de 0,07 μS/m, umidade relativa do ar de 57,18%. Por meio do mapeamento dessas variáveis ​​foram gerados diversos segmentos que podem ser facilmente compreendidos pelo produtor, gerando recomendações para a tomada de decisões no controle de pragas, doenças e no combate à má formação de tubérculos, principalmente no segmento onde observou-se maior umidade, pois ao manter essa variável moderada, é garantido um bom controle de pragas, além de evitar o apodrecimento da cultura da batata, o que é muito incidente na área de estudo.
Development of corporate social responsibility framework for developing countries: the case of Kazakhstan
Authors: Orazayeva A. , Arslan M.
Published: August 2021

Purpose of research.The aim of this systematic review is to develop a general framework which is applicable for analysis of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in developing economies. This framework is further applied to transitional economy such as Kazakhstan.

Methodology.This study presents a systematic review of existing CSR literature on developing economies. The study used the content analysis approach and identiﬁed the relevant studies by searching the keywords. Based on existing literature, the study developed a general framework which summarizes mostly noted motives and limitations relevant for CSR discussion in the context of developing countries.

Originality / value.The most of existing studies aimed on developed countries and limited research is conducted in the context of developing countries that are characterised by weak institutional environment and have diﬀerent socio-economic factors, compared to their counterparts. The study adds value to existing CSR literature by developing the framework which summarizes motives and limitations of CSR for developing countries.

Findings.We identiﬁed that most ofexisting studies have reported the barriers of undertaking CSR research and documented the factors such as corruption, weak stakeholder activism and lack of government controls as main constraints. On the other hand, existing studies reported that religious traditions, historical background, globalization, and government institutional voids are the main drivers of CSR studies. Subsequent application of the framework to Kazakhstan shows that these constraints and motives are also true for the country.
Ways to improve the efficiency of the public procurement market of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Yelshibayev R. K. , Kozhabaeva S. A. , Beisegaliyev B. T.
Published: August 2021

Purpose of research. Development of theoretical and methodological provisions and economically sound proposals to improve the eﬃciency of the public procurement system of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Methodology. In the course of the study, various methods of general scientiﬁc knowledge, comparative analysis, economic and statistical analysis were used.

Originality / value of research. The results of the study can be used in the development of regional target programs for socio-economic development, amendments and additions to the legislative and regulatory acts regulating the processes of state procurement.

Research results. Through the application of appropriate research methods, the conceptual foundations of the public procurement market are disclosed, the evolution of the public procurement system of the Republic of Kazakhstan is tracked, a comparative analysis of Kazakhstani and foreign experience in building this system is carried out, the main problems of the public procurement market functioning are identiﬁed and theoretical and methodological provisions and economically sound proposals are developed. to improve its eﬃciency.
Coordination of labor and civil law in the idea of commercial representation
Authors: Maksurov A.
Published: August 2021

The paper describes the genesis of the idea of commercial representation in the modern world, the models of commercial representation adopted in different countries and legal systems. The analysis of the legislation of Russia and Belarus on this issue is made. The assessment of the legal doctrine considering the problems of commercial representation is given. The international legal norms on commercial representation are investigated. The study highlights the features of commercial representation established by both legislation and doctrine. Each of the features of commercial representation is defined from the position of distinguishing commercial representation from related legal phenomena. The paper makes suggestions for improving the current legislation and law enforcement practice in terms of the rules on commercial representation. In particular, the author proposes to expand the range of possible commercial representatives at the expense of employees of the organization( entrepreneur), to clarify the scope of the commercial representation and its goals.
Driving a vehicle by a person without driving right: problems of legal regulation and law enforcement
Authors: Aleska S.
Published: August 2021

One of the types of administrative offenses against the safety of movement and operation of transport is considered by the driver having a disease of the eyes or a dressing apparatus and is obliged in connection with this for medical testimony when managing the vehicle to use special medical facilities expressed in the management of the vehicle without the use of these funds. The norm of an administrative and delicate law is proposed, on the basis of which the attraction of those perpetrators of administrative responsibility for such a violation seems to be legally competent and actually substantiated. The presence of gaps in the legislation and practice of its application and the need to eliminate them by the adoption and application of the regulatory legal act, determining the procedure for the examination of vehicle drivers for finding without medical devices compensating vision deviations from the norm.
Determination of attributes of bank's bankruptcy in the light of digitalization of banking supervision
Authors: Samusev E. , Silivonchik A.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the current measures of regulation of banking supervision in connection with the implementation of international standards of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. The authors come to the conclusion about the importance of the implementation of these standards in the light of the possibility of identifying attributes of bank bankruptcy. The ways of practicing banking supervision are subjects to modernization and legal updating in connection with digitalization and new forms of banking activity.
Features of accounting and reporting in the context of modern challenges: lessons from COVID-19
Authors: Odintsova T. M.
Published: August 2021

The article is consider the problems and prospects of the accounting development for the socio-economic processes managing in conditions of uncertainty, risk and turbulence of the external environment. Partiticuarly, in the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown, arose a number of questions of reflecting objects and events in accounting, the quality and reliability of those reporting data, which are based on standard accounting principles, assumptions and procedures. In addition, the current situation has highlighted new requirements for accounting information, as the basis for the formation of a full and transparent management environment - due to the complexity of decisions made by stakeholders and the non-standard tasks of preventing and treating the crisis.
Model of development and implementation of reserves of management components of organization capacity
Authors: Sysoev I. , Skvortsov V. , Vardamatskaja E.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the methodological approach to the evaluation and development of managerial capacity-building components of the organization. For the effective operation of the enterprise must have reliable intelligence, as Wednesday's external and internal Wednesday. Guide only while in possession of all the necessary information about the functioning of the enterprise will be able to objectively evaluate the situation promptly and efficiently take necessary managerial decision objectively commensurate with their capabilities your needs. Studies on the optimal utilization and building management components at enterprises «Bellegprom».
Antibacterial use by birth year and birth season in children 0-2 years in Norway
Authors: Beckstrøm Sanna , Svendsen Kristian , Småbrekke Lars
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Consumption of antibacterials in children follows seasonal cycles, and time to first treatment depends on birth season. The aim of this study was to describe dispensing rate, one-year periodic prevalence, and age at first prescription in children aged 0-2 years in Norway.Methods: We used data from the Norwegian prescription database and included all dispensed prescriptions on systemic antibacterials in 2008-2017 during the first three years of life to children born 2005-2014. We calculated age by subtracting birth month and birth year from date of collection of prescription. We used multiple linear regression to investigate the effect of birth season on age at first dispensed prescription.Results: We included 714 262 prescriptions to 281 888 individuals (53.1% boys). In 2016, one-year-old boys had the highest periodic prevalence (35.6%) and the highest dispense rate (545/1000 individuals), followed by one-year-old girls (32.6%, 478/1000 individuals). The lowest prevalence and dispense rate in all age groups was found towards the end of the period. Winter months had the highest proportion of dispensed prescriptions, and children born in autumn were significantly younger when collecting their first prescription. On average, boys collected their first prescription 26 days younger compared to girls.Conclusion: One-year-olds have the highest periodic prevalence and the highest dispense rate. This contrast with results from other studies on Norwegian data and is probably attributed to our use of birth month for calculation of age. Children born in autumn were younger when collecting their first prescription compared to other birth seasons. It is unknown whether this has any long-term clinical implications.
Persistence of statin treatment – the impact of analytic method when estimating drug survival
Authors: Francisco Oteiza , Løyland Hanna Isabel , Bugge Christoffer , Kristiansen Ivar Sønbø , Støvring Henrik
Published: August 2021

Background: There is ample evidence for several pharmaceutical treatments that adherence in terms oftreatment duration and dose is suboptimal. The actual drug intake cannot be observed directly in prescriptiondatabases, which only register drug redeemed and a limited number of patient characteristics. Consequently,the actual dose and duration of treatment must be inferred from observed redemptions. Persistence can thenbe expressed as treatment duration (also referred to as drug survival).Method: We used data from the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD) on redemptions of statins (ATCcodeC10AA) for the period 2010-2019 to explore three methods for determining prescription durations andin turn persistence (treatment duration): (i) The DDD-method using the number of DDD redeemed; (ii) Thedose-unit approach using the number of tablets redeemed; (iii) The reverse waiting time distribution method(WTD), which estimates prescription duration as the 90th percentile of the distribution within which patientsin ongoing treatment will have a new subsequent redemption. The three methods for estimating prescriptionduration were then used to estimate treatment duration using Kaplan Meier (KM) survival functions. For theDDD-method and the dose-unit approach we conducted sensitivity analyses assuming that one DDD or onetablet would last for 1.00, 1.25 or 2.00 days. We also tested the impact of grace periods in sensitivity analyses.Results: Treatment duration and drug survival varied substantially for the same patients depending on thechosen method, duration of a DDD or a tablet, and inclusion of grace periods. The 25th percentile of treatmentduration was 100 days for the DDD approach with one DDD per day, 100 days with the dose-unit approachwith one tablet per day and 453 days with the WTD approach.Conclusion: When estimating treatment duration from prescription databases one should be aware that thesemeasures of persistence are highly influenced by the chosen methodology. The choice of method should beinformed by the clinical context with a preference for use of methods based on a formal model.
O Impacto da Industria sobre a geração de Riqueza
Authors: Marca Luan , Da Silva Maicon Hoffmann , Benetti Jean Carlos , Pereira Andre Da Silva , Fritz Filho Luiz Fernando
Published: August 2021

O objetivo desse trabalho consiste na verificação de correlação entre Valor Adicionado Bruto Setorial (VAB) e PIB per capita dos 100 maiores municípios gaúchos por Produto Interno Bruto no período entre 2010 e 2017, com a finalidade de identificar o impacto de cada agregado sobre a geração de riqueza nas economias locais selecionadas. Para isso, foi elaborado um referencial teórico sobre o tema e, posteriormente, foram calculados os coeficientes de correlação entre as variáveis PIB per capita, VAB Industrial, VAB Agropecuária e VAB Serviços. Os dados referentes ao PIB per capita e VAB setorial dos municípios selecionados foram coletados no portal DEE (Departamento de Economia e Estatística) no período entre 2010 e 2017.  O estudo caracterizasse como quantitativo e descritivo, haja visto que, foram utilizados métodos estatísticos (correlação de Pearson) como técnica de pesquisa. Os resultados apontam que o setor industrial destaca-se no que tange a geração de riqueza, haja visto que foi o único setor dentre os 3 (industrial, agropecuário e serviços) que apresentou correlação positiva (moderada) em relação a variável PIB per capita. Tanto o setor de serviços como o setor agropecuário apresentaram correlação negativa (fraca/moderada) em relação a variável PIB per capita. De modo geral, os resultados vão de encontro aos pressupostos estabelecidos por autores pioneiros do desenvolvimento, relativos ao poder transformador da indústria para a produtividade e para o desenvolvimento sustentado de longo prazo.
Estruturalismo Latino-Americano e Complexidade Econômica
Authors: Marca Luan , Filho Edson Paiva , Bertol Marcos Eduardo , Fritz Filho Luiz Fernando , Cruz Cassiana Maris Lima
Published: August 2021

Este artigo pretende evidenciar através de elementos da literatura de complexidade econômica e de dados fornecidos pelo observatório da complexidade econômica (Massachusetts Institute of Technology - MIT) que os pressupostos da corrente estruturalista latino-americana ainda são muito relevantes para compreender o papel central da indústria e da sofisticação produtiva no desenvolvimento econômico. O estudo apresenta como problemática o déficit tecnológico de países periféricos, bem como suas consequências em relação a dinâmica de acumulação de capital na periferia. O estudo caracteriza-se como teórico e bibliográfico, sendo que, a obtenção de resultados se deu através de análise comparativa de indicadores econômicos (índice de complexidade econômica, índice de complexidade do produto e pauta de exportação) do Japão, Coréia do Sul, Cingapura e Brasil, retirados do observatório da complexidade. Os resultados indicam que a convergência entre Estado e mercado no sentido de se criar uma estratégia nacional de desenvolvimento é um ponto em comum entre os três países asiáticos analisados, sendo fator preponderante para se atingir um alto nível de sofisticação produtiva e consequentemente desenvolvimento econômico.
Há uma maior discriminação de salários em um setor predominantemente feminino?
Authors: Bussmann Tanise Brandão , Duarte Katia Adrieli Soares
Published: August 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a participação feminina e as diferenças salariais para o total do estado e também para o setor calçadista do Rio Grande do Sul/RS entre os anos de 2006 a 2018. Para tanto, foram utilizadas as informações da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS), tanto de forma agregada quanto no setor, quanto nas divisões de forma isolada, sendo calculada em ambas a diferença de médias. Verificou-se que indústria calçadista do Rio Grande do Sul apresenta uma dinâmica de desigualdade superior ao caso brasileiro, bem como há distinções de acordo com as seções utilizadas. Nota-se que há uma dupla discriminação: as mulheres apresentam uma maior participação em um setor com média salarial menor e também, dentro do setor, recebem menos do que homens e apresentam um hiato salarial maior em termos proporcionais.
Percepção de Justiça por parte do Principal e do Agente em Relação ao Princípio da Controlabilidade
Authors: Bueno Maria Elena Amaral Ferreira , Angonese Rodrigo
Published: August 2021

Este estudo objetiva verificar se a aplicação do princípio da controlabilidade influencia a  percepção de justiça, tanto por parte do principal como por parte do agente.  A pesquisa apresenta natureza descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa.  É de caráter experimental pelo procedimento da pesquisa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação de questionário para 40 alunos concluintes do curso superior de administração, representando o agente e 50 alunos de pós-graduação representando o principal. Os dados coletados foram tabulados em planilha eletrônica e submetidos a tratamento estatístico descritivo, análise de frequência e análise de correlação de Spearman. Os resultados mostram que a neutralização da interferência de gestores de mesmo nível hierárquico aumenta a percepção de justiça distributiva por parte do agente. Na concepção do principal, há correlação positiva entre a justiça distributiva e o desejo de neutralização de decisões tomadas por gestores de mesmo nível hierárquico e fatores externos, demonstrando que o principal não tem diminuída sua percepção de justiça distributiva pela aplicação do princípio da controlabilidade nestes dois quesitos, contrariando a ideia inicial que envolvia os pressupostos da Teoria da Agência.
Correlation Between Point Shear Wave Elastography and Liver Function Tests as A Predictor of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Rasul Shahla Mohammed Saeed , Salim Ali Khalaf , Hussein Hiwa Abubakr
Published: August 2021

Aim: of this study is to correlate between point shear wave elastography(pSWE) and liver function tests (LFTs) to predict liver fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Materials and methods: this study is a cross sectional study conducted in Ultrasound Clinic in Suleymaniya city. The duration of the study was through the period from 1st of November, 2018 to 30th of June, 2019 on 50 NAFLD patients. After confirming NAFLD diagnosis, the patients were referred to Ultrasound Clinic to complete Point Shear Wave Elastography (PSWE). Results: showed a mean PSWE of NAFLD patient was 4.12±0.87 Kpa; 18% of them had high PSWE (> 4.6). Elastography fibrosis score was distributed to F0 (82%), F1 (6%), F2 (8%) and F3 (4%). The Aspartate Aminotransferase Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) fibrosis scores were distributed to F0 (48%), F1-3 (48%) and F4 (4%), There was a highly significant association between elastography fibrosis score and APRI fibrosis score of NAFLD patients (p<0.001), There was no significant association between elastography fibrosis score and Aspartate Aminotransferase/Alanine Aminotransferase (AST/ALT) values of NAFLD patients (p=0.5). Conclusion: this study showed that the point shear wave elastography is a valuable noninvasive diagnostic technique for predicting significant liver fibrosis among patients with non-alcoholic liver fatty diseases and there is significant correlation between APRI score and pSWE score. The current gold standard in the diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis is liver biopsy. Point shear wave elastography is among the noninvasive procedures to assess liver fibrosis. Keywords: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Point shears wave elastography, Liver fibrosis.
Investigation of The Nutritional Approaches of Student Athletes During The Covid-19 Epidemic
Authors: Altun Sevcan , Aksu Aykut , Imamoglu Osman , Erdogdu Murat , Karacabey Kursat
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the nutritional approaches of student athletes studying at the university during the coronavirus outbreak period. Participants consisted of students studying and doing sports at the University. 446 students, 246 males and 200 females, participated in the study. Besides the personal form, students were filled the questionnaire testing questionnaire. Students voluntarily participated. The surveys were done on social media. Nutritional habits questionnaire consists of 12 questions. In the preparation of the survey questions, the questions proved validity of the researches which have been done on the subject before have been used. SPSS 23.00 package program was used in statistical analyses. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed to test whether the data was normally distributed and it was determined that the data showed normal distribution. Independent t-test, paired t-test, unidirectional variance analysis and LSD tests were used in statistical operations. There was no significant difference in students' nutrition approaches by gender, both in the pre-outbreak period and in the outbreak period points (p> 0.05). Nutrition scores were significantly increased during the outbreak period (p <0.001). A significant difference was found between the students who felt bad before the epidemic and those who felt well before the epidemic and their nutritional scores according to the levels they felt (p <0.05). A significant difference was found between the pre-outbreak period and post-epidemic nutrition scores of the sports faculty students (p <0.05). During the coronavirus epidemic, university student athletes have either increased their nutritional opportunities or have changed their eating habits positively to keep their immune systems strong or both. The fact that sports faculty students have better nutrition compared to other faculty students can be attributed to their taking courses in nutrition, health and similar. It is recommended to give lectures or seminars on nutrition to athlete students. Keywords: Student, Nutrition, Sports Nutrition, Nutritional Approach, Covid-19
The development of environment-based picture storybooks to increase the fourth grade students’ reading interest
Authors: Alpiyah Alpiyah , Ambarita Alben , Pargito Pargito
Published: August 2021

This study aims to produce an environment-based picture storybook to increase the reading interest of fourth-grade elementary school students and obtain the results of book product testing until the suitable book used as reading learning for elementary school students is obtained. This research is development research which consists of three stages, which include (1) Preliminary Study, (2) Product Development, (3) Product Test. The subjects of this study were fourth-grade students of SDN 1 Rajabasa Raya, Rajabasa Sub District, Bandar Lampung City, Lampung Province. The data analysis technique in this study adopted a qualitative descriptive technique. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and interviews. The product validity was tested by learning material and learning media experts. Based on the research conducted, it was found that: (1) environmental-based picture storybooks can increase students' reading interest; (2) environmental-based picture storybooks are suitable to be used as learning resources in learning to read for elementary school students. The results of this study found that the level of validity of the development of picture storybook learning media products in increasing reading interest in fourth-grade elementary school students was very good.
Pemetaan Hasil Ujian Nasional Matematika
Authors: Sumaryanta Sumaryanta , Priatna Nanang , Sugiman Sugiman
Published: August 2021

This study aims to map the results of the mathematics national examination. The research was conducted from October to November 2018. Data collection technique applied in this research was documentation technique. The data of this study were taken from PAMER released by Puspendik in 2016, 2017, and 2018. Data analysis was carried out in a quantitative descriptive model, and then the results were presented in the form of graphs and tables. The results of this study indicates that: 1) the scores of mathematics national examination of students in the last three years (2015/2016, 2016/2017, and 2017/2018) are considered low on all materials tested, and 2) nationally, the average scores of mathematics national examination almost in all provinces are condidered low at all levels of education.
Pembelajaran Sifat-Sifat Grafik Fungsi Eksponen dan Logaritma dengan Software Geogebra
Authors: Latifah Rizka Azizatul
Published: August 2021

Mathematics teaching and learning is expected to raise 21st century skills called the 4C’s (critical thinking and problem solving, communication, collaboration, and creative and innovative). One of the activities to reach the mentioned skills is doing graph analysis. The characteristics of graph of exponential and logarithmic function is one of topics in which an analysis is needed. To analysis a graph, students need a right media. Geogebra is software that visualizes mathematics object including graphic function. This paper discusses the way how teach characteristics of graphs of exponential and logarithmic function using Geogebra.
Circulação de informação econômica, companhias de seguros e a formação de instituições no Brasil
Authors: Lanna Beatriz Duarte
Published: August 2021

Este artigo busca apresentar a importância da circulação de informação econômica para o funcionamento das companhias de seguro no Brasil do final do século XIX e início do XX. Sem o auxílio da sistematização de dados ou de um arsenal técnico sofisticado o suficiente para que precificassem os riscos de suas apólices, essas firmas utilizaram-se do espaço público da imprensa para divulgarem informações econômicas a respeito de seu funcionamento, bem como para se informar acerca da situação de suas firmas concorrentes. A publicação de dados econômicos nos jornais tornou-se, portanto, uma ferramenta de atuação dessas companhias, a partir da qual se consolidam como instituições.
glimpse on a Brazilian pharmacology bibliography of the early-twentieth century
Authors: Santos Weilher Paulo dos , Grabe Guimarães Andrea
Published: August 2021

The pharmacology books used in teaching have changed considerably since late-nineteenth century. A professor of School of Pharmacy of Ouro Preto, Jovelino Mineiro, conceived the Curso de Pharmacologia (1925-1926), the first of its kind published in Brazil. To demonstrate its historical significance, we compared Mineiro’s compendium with Farmacologia, by Penildon Silva (2010), and with the first Brazilian Pharmacopeia (1926). Penildon Silva and Fuchs & Wannmacher are the most adopted Brazilian authors for teaching nowadays. Concerning the first Brazilian Pharmacopeia, it was possible to observe that Mineiro’s work may have been conceived to supply the lack of regulatory guidelines in Brazil at the time.
Work like a girl: Redressing gender inequity in academia through systemic solutions
Authors: Allen Kelly-Ann , Butler-Henderson Kerryn , Reupert Andrea , Longmuir Fiona , Finefter-Rosenbluh Ilana , Berger Emily , Grove Christine , Heffernan Amanda , Freeman Nerelie , Kewalramani Sarika , Krebs Shiri , Dsouza Levita , Mackie Grace , Chapman Denise , Fleer Marilyn
Published: August 2021

Historically, the professional structure of higher education has provided restricted employment, career, and leadership opportunities for women. This is exacerbated where there is an intersection between gender and race, culture, religion, or age. Women continue to be underrepresented in senior leadership positions across a range of disciplines, and this lack of representation of women within the professional structure of higher education itself acts as a barrier for more women reaching senior levels within institutions. More women are needed in higher positions to increase representation and visibility, and to encourage and mentor others to then aspire to follow a similar path. This critical review examines gender equity across the major career benchmarks of the academy in light of the impact of the personal contexts of women, systemic processes, and cultural barriers that hinder career progression. Research-based systemic solutions that work towards improved gender equity for women are discussed. The findings from this critical review highlight the need for global systemic change in higher education to create ethical equities in the employment, career, and leadership opportunities for women.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA ARBORIZAÇÃO COMO FERRAMENTA PARA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE CORREDORES ECOLÓGICOS URBANOS
Authors: Nobre Paula De Souza , Bataghin Fernando Antonio
Published: August 2021

Nos ambientes urbanos, o crescimento desordenado aliado a falta de gestão pode trazer consequências permanentes à população e impactos ambientais negativos como uso desordenado de solo, redução da disponibilidade hídrica e da qualidade atmosférica, e dificuldades na conservação das áreas verdes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a arborização urbana no município de Jaboticabal, identificando os possíveis conflitos e inadequações no manejo com vista a implantação de corredores ecológicos urbanos como parte do Projeto Piloto de Floresta Urbana, Programa do Município Verde Azul do Estado de São Paulo. A área de estudo elencada está inserida na cidade de Jaboticabal-SP, realizando-se o diagnóstico da arborização urbana por meio de da caracterização conflitos e necessidades de manejo. Na arborização urbana, 49,19% dos indivíduos apresentaram dano físico relacionado à poda, sugerindo-se a necessidade de poda para 27,69% e a remoção do espécime para 7,82% dos casos, quando observada a morte iminente do vegetal, fitossanidade ruim ou risco de queda. De forma geral, a área selecionada apresenta baixo índice de conflitos e questões relacionadas à manejo, parâmetros que indicam potencial para implantação de um corredor ecológico urbano e consolidação do Projeto Piloto de Floresta Urbana.
INFLUÊNCIA DA PODA NOS DEFEITOS ESTRUTURAIS DE Ficus benjamina NA FLORESTA URBANA DE ITANHAÉM – SÃO PAULO
Authors: Ribeiro Botelho de Carvalho Maria Tamara , Biondi Daniela , Behling Alexandre , Jose de Sousa Nilton
Published: August 2021

O conhecimento dos defeitos estruturais que comprometem a qualidade da arborização urbana e o padrão das principais espécies que compõem a floresta urbana é fundamental para o seu manejo e planejamento, podendo evitar e reduzir o risco de queda de árvores. Considerando que a poda é a prática de manejo mais comum na floresta urbana estabelecida, e que as árvores de Ficus benjamina são frequentes nas florestas urbanas em todo o mundo, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo determinar os principais defeitos estruturais que comprometem a saúde e estrutura dessas árvores, encontradas na Floresta Urbana da cidade de Itanhaém-SP, bem como a relação entre os defeitos e a presença de podas. Para isso, as árvores foram avaliadas quanto à frequência e tipo de poda, mensuradas as variáveis dendrométricas e identificada a presença de defeitos. Como resultado, a poda encontrada com maior frequência foi a poda de redução, e os principais defeitos encontrados foram galhos secos na copa, desequilíbrio e fissuras no tronco e raízes adventícias. Os defeitos ocorreram com maior frequência nas árvores podadas, podendo-se concluir que a poda influenciou na maior ocorrência de defeitos estruturais, sendo necessária a regularização da poda para que seja realizada exclusivamente por arboricultores certificados.
Very large aortic pseudoaneurysm repair using a septal occluder
Authors: Caramori Paulo R.A. , Lasevitch Ricardo , Suksteris Maurício L. , Piantá Ricardo M. , Petracco João B. , Ramos Fabiano , Velho Fábio M. , Torres Felipe S.
Published: August 2021

A 63-year-old man, with previous coronary artery bypass surgery presented with infectious aortitis and a large ascending aorta pseudoaneurysm, causing compression of the left internal mammary graft. Percutaneous intervention with stenting of the graft followed by closure of the pseudoaneurysm using an atrial septal defect occluder was successfully carried out.
Exploring the Influence of Commodity Prices, Real Exchange Rate and Trade Openness on Economic Performance in an Emerging Country
Authors: Ntshwe Ipeleng , Garidzirai Rufaro
Published: August 2021

Do commodity prices, real exchange rate and trade openness influence economic growth in South Africa? This question is fundamental to academic research since it forms the basis of macroeconomic policies. Therefore, the comprehension of such a relationship is vital which has ushered this study into investigating the effect of real exchange rate, commodity prices and trade openness on economic growth in South Africa from 1984-2019. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the diverse literature on macroeconomics and international trade in the continent and the rest of the world. To achieve this, the Johansen cointegration method and Vector Error Correction Model were employed. The Johansen cointegration method confirmed the existence of a long-run relationship among the variables. Commodity prices and trade openness positively influenced economic growth while real exchange rate inversely influenced economic growth. The Vector Error Correction Model also confirmed that the disequilibrium in the model can be corrected in 1 year 9 months. The study`s findings suggest a methodical monetary policy synthesis that controls both the commodity price stability and exchange rate that spurs economic growth.
Estimation of the Parameters of Type-II Discrete Weibull Distribution Under Type-I Censoring
Authors: Muiftah Mohamed S. A. , Ashour Samir K.
Published: August 2021

Maximum likelihood and proportion estimators of the parameters of the discrete Weibull type II distribution with type I censored data are discussed. A simulation study is performed to generate data from this distribution for suggested values of its parameters and to get the Maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters numerically. The method of proportions suggested by Khan et al. (1989) is also used to estimate the model's parameters. Numerical examples are used to perform a comparison study between the two method results according the values of the estimates and their corresponding mean squared errors.
Challenges and Opportunities of Mongolia’s response to mitigate climate change
Authors: Khishgee Selenge
Published: August 2021

As part of the nationally determined contribution to the implementation of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, Mongolia aimsto reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) by 2.7% by 2030. The country’s per capita of greenhouse gas emissions are 2.7 times higher than the world average and relatively high in the region, and this is becoming a major issue. This is due to the fact that coal alone accounts for more than 90% of primary energy production, whereas renewable energy accounts for a smallproportion of total energy sources. Therefore, the role of the energy sector that emits the most greenhouse gas is important in reducing its fossil fuel consumption.This study addresses the key issues facing Mongolia’s energy sector in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and identifies opportunities for further actions. Furthermore, this will contribute to other studies on sustainable development, transition to a low-carbon economy, and implementation of energy policy recommendations.
 
Монгол орны уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлтийг сааруулах боломж, тулгарч буй сорилт (Эрчим хүчний салбарын жишээн дээр)
Хураангуй: Уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлтийн тухай Парисын хэлэлцээрийг хэрэгжүүлэх үндэсний хэмжээнд тодорхойлсон хувь нэмрийн (ҮХТХН/ NDC) хүрээнд манай улс хүлэмжийн хийн ялгарлыг (ХХЯ) 2030 он гэхэд 22,7% бууруулахаар зорилт тавин ажиллаж байна. Монгол Улсын нэг хүнд ногдох ХХЯ нь дэлхийн дунджаас даруй 2,7 дахин их, бүс нутгийн хэмжээнд харьцангуй өндөр байгаа нь тулгамдаж буй асуудал болж байна. Үүний гол шалтгаан нь анхагдагч эрчим хүчний бүтээгдэхүүний үйлдвэрлэлийн 90 гаруй хувийг нүүрс дангаараа бүрдүүлж, сэргээгдэх эрчим хүчний эх үүсвэр нь нийт эрчим хүчний эх үүсвэрт багахан хувийг эзэлж байгаатай холбоотой юм. Тиймээс ХХЯ-ыг хамгийн ихээр ялгаруулж буй эрчим хүчний салбарын хатуу түлшний хэрэглээг багасгахад гүйцэтгэх үүрэг чухал байна. Энэхүү өгүүлэлд хүлэмжийн хийг бууруулахад манай улсын эрчимхүчний салбарт тулгамдаж буй гол гол асуудлыг хөндөж цаашид авч хэрэгжүүлэх боломж, гаргалгааг тодорхойлохыг зорьлоо. Ингэснээр тогтвортой хөгжил, бага нүүрстөрөгчийн эдийн засагт шилжих, эрчим хүчний бодлогын зөвлөмжийг хэрэгжүүлэх бусад судалгаанд хувь нэмэр оруулахад оршино.
Түлхүүр үгс: Монгол Улс, Уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлт, Эрчим хүчний салбар, боломж, сорилт
Sumber-Rashaan port on the Mongolian-Chinese border: Current situation and development opportunities
Authors: Nasanbayar Alatan , Damdindorj Bazardorj
Published: August 2021

This paper studies the current state and the development prospects of the Sumber-Rashaan port on the Mongolian-Chinese border, and analyzes the alignment between the central and local governments policies of the two countries’, and the problems faced in implementing the alignment. The paper argues that the Sumber-Rashaan port has highly favorable conditions and it is yet to be developed further. Although the border regions of the two countries are developing distinct tourism, they have not achieved mutual alignment yet. This paper argues that the first step to align local development between the two countries and strengthen the Sumber-Rashaan port activities, is to develop cross-border tourism. Further, the paper argues that the establishment of cross-border tourism based on the Sumber-Rashaan port will be the first of its kind in the bilateral relations, and through this precedent to demonstrate advantages and possibilities of cross-border tourism to other ports on the Mongolian-Chinese border.
 
Монгол-Хятадын хилийн Сүмбэр-Рашаан боомт: Өнөөгийн байдал, хөгжлийн боломж
Хураангуй: Энэхүү өгүүлэлд Монгол-Хятадын хилийн Сүмбэр-Рашаан боомтын өнөөгийн байдал, хөгжлийн төлөв хандлага ба хоёр улсын төр засаг болон орон нутгаас баримталж буй хөгжлийн бодлогын уялдаа холбоо, түүнийг хэрэгжүүлэхэд тулгамдаж буй асуудлын тухайд өгүүлэв. Чингэхдээ Сүмбэр – Рашаан боомт хэтийн таатай нөхцөлтэй байгааг дурдахын зэрэгцээ эдүгээх нөхцөл байдал нь хөгжлийн хүлээлтийн шатанд байгааг онцолж, тус боомтыг түшиглэсэн хоёр талын орон нутаг өөр өөрийн онцлогтой хил орчмын аялал жуулчлалыг хөгжүүлж байгаа ч, харилцан уялдаж чадаагүйг тэмдэглэжээ. Хоёр талын орон нутгийн хөгжлийн уялдааг түргэтгэх ба Сүмбэр – Рашаан боомтын үйл ажиллагааг эрчимжүүлэхийн эхний алхам бол хил дамнасан аялал жуулчлалыг хөгжүүлэх явдал чухал гэдгийг дурдав. Мөн Сүмбэр-Рашаан боомтоор түшиглэсэн хил дамнасан аялал жуулчлалыг байгуулах нь хоёр улсын харилцаанд энэ төрлийн хамтын ажиллагааны анхдагч болох ба чингэх нь Монгол – Хятадын хилийн бусад боомтуудаас ямар давуу тал хийгээд боломж нөхцөлтэй болохын тухайд дурджээ.
 Зангилаа үгс: Сүмбэр – Рашаан, Монгол-Хятадын хилийн боомт, хил дамнасан аялал жуулчлал
Mongolian-Chinese Exchanges in History Studies during the Socialist Period: Mutual Understanding and Divergence (the 1950s)
Authors: Bu He
Published: August 2021

This paper studies the attempts of the MPR and the PRC to promote historical exchanges in the 1950s based on their shared ideology of proletarian internationalism and historical materialism. Specifically, this research analyzes the initial historical exchanges between the two countries in the form of material exchange in the early 1950s, and further discusses about the cooperation between Soviet, Mongolian and Chinese scholars to compile a three-volume Mongolian history in the second half of the 1950s, which pushed the Mongolian-Chinese historical exchanges to a new level. Meanwhile, the research also takes into account the influence of Sino-Soviet relations and historical differences between Mongolia and China on their historical exchanges, especially the cooperation in compiling three-volume Mongolian history. Archival documents in Mongolian and Chinese languages preserved in Mongolia are used as the main research materials for this paper.

 

Социализмын үеийн Монгол, Хятадын түүх судлалын харилцаа: Ойлголцол ба зөрчил (1950-иад он)

Хураангуй: Энэхүү өгүүлэлд БНМАУ, БНХАУ-ын хооронд дипломат харилцаа тогтоосны дараах 10 орчим жилийн хугацаанд хоёр улс социалист орнуудын хувиар түүхэн материализмын онол хийгээд пролетарийн интернационализмын зарчмыг үзэл баримтлал болгосон ойлголцлын үндсэн дээр хамтран түүх судлалыг хөгжүүлэх гэсэн оролдлогын тухайд тусгайлан өгүүлэх болно. Чингэхдээ, 1950-иад оны эхэн хагаст материал солилцох байдлаар түүх судлалын харилцааг эхлүүлснийг тодруулан, улмаар 1950-иад оны хоёрдугаар хагаст “БНМАУ-ын түүхийн гурван боть”-ийг Монгол, Хятад, Зөвлөлтийн эрдэмтэд хамтран бичих төлөвлөгөөний хүрээнд Монгол-Хятадын түүх судлалын харилцаа эрчимжсэн ч тухайн цагийн олон улсын харилцааны нөхцөл байдал хийгээд хоёр талын түүхэн ойлголтын талаарх зарчмын зөрөө нь энэхүү харилцааг хөгжүүлэх явцад хэрхэн сорилт болж байсан, тэрхүү сорилтыг даван туулах гэсэн эрмэлзлэлийн тухайд архивын баримтуудад голлон тулгуурлаж, задлан шинжлэл хийсэн болно.

Түлхүүр үгс: БНМАУ, БНХАУ, түүх судлалын солилцоо, БНМАУ-ын түүхийн гурван боть, түүхэн материализм, социалист лагер
The tasks of basic education for adults 2017 in Finland in the light of basic values, assessment and support for learning
Authors: Suwalska Arleta
Published: August 2021

W artykule przedstawiono przegląd zadań zawartych w Krajowej Podstawie Programowej Kształcenia Podstawowego dla Dorosłych w 2017 r. wprowadzonej w okresie rządów Juha Sippili. Przewidziano skutki społeczne proponowanej zmiany edukacyjnej. Dokument analizuje podstawowe wartości demokratyczne charakterystyczne dla edukacji dorosłych, podkreśla ich wyjątkowość, prawo do samorozwoju i dobrego nauczania. Promuje kulturową różnorodność uczniów, ich filozofię życiową, doświadczenie i światopogląd, przygotowuje do uwzględniania różnych punktów widzenia, udzielania odpowiedzi na pytania oraz podawanie własnych pomysłów. Z perspektywy programu nauczania dojrzali uczniowie są wyposażeni w kompetencje kluczowe i dobrze przygotowani do aktywności obywatelskiej w swojej społeczności.