bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lower back pain at workplace: prevalence and risk factors
Authors: Goncharenko Irina M. , Komleva Nataliya E. , Chekhonatsky Andrey A.
Published: July 2020

Objective — analysis of lower back pain (LBP) prevalence and risk factors for its development in employees with different conditions at their workplace, depending on their age, length of service, occupational factors, and physical activity. Material and Methods — As a result of a simultaneous cross-sectional study, 3300 employees with different conditions at their workplace were examined. To study the relationships between LBP prevalence and risk factors, we used the results of employees’ survey and physical examination, along with the data on their physical activity and working conditions. Results — The workplace posture was the most common production-related risk factor for developing LBP. The second most common risk factor was the weight of the load being lifted and carried, followed by general vibration at a workplace. The least significant factor was a bending motion. According to our data, LBP prevalence in all observation groups was increasing with both age and length of employment. Over 50% of those working in hazardous conditions at the age of 50 yo and higher had LBP. Low physical activity at a workplace led to a statistically significant increase in the chances of LBP emergence. Conclusion — In employees without exposure to harmful risk factors in the form of physical exertion and general vibration, the prevalence of LBP was significantly lower than in workers in harmful working conditions. The combined effect of static and dynamic physical activities at a workplace had a more pronounced negative impact on workers’ health. Low physical activity was a significant risk factor for LBP development.
Uric Acid and Nutrient Intake of Adolescent Soccer Players in Yogyakarta
Authors: Puspaningtyas Desty Ervira , Afriani Yuni
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to view uric acid levels and nutrient intake of soccer players. This study examined the uric acid level differences based on nutrient intake of adolescent soccer players. Indeed, nutritional status monitoring is needed to evaluate health status which can contribute to athletes’ performance. This was an observational study conducted at SSB Real Madrid in April-September 2017. Subjects involved in this study were 27 active joined U-13 or U-16 in SSB Read Madrid UNY, Yogyakarta. Uric acid data were obtained by measuring peripheral blood sample. Nutrient intake data were obtained by using SQFFQ form. The differences in uric acid levels based on nutritional intake category were tested using ANOVA test. The average of uric acid levels were 6.72±1.21 mg/dl with average protein intake of 87.38±27.41 grams. The average of energy, fat, and carbohydrate intake was 2,189.02±464.87 kcal, 46.92±15.75 grams, and 365.61±82.32 grams. There was no difference in uric acid levels based on energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates intake (p=0.216; p=0.489; p=0.587; and p=0.845) of adolescent soccer players. The clearance of uric acid, the amount and type of fluid intake, the type of animal protein, and the purine-source food probably contributed to athletes’ uric acid levels.
Games-Based Needs Analysis of Futsal Skill Exercise for Junior High School Student
Authors: Asshagab Muhtar , Dlis Firmansyah , Widiastuti Widiastuti
Published: July 2020

Futsal is a game that is almost the same as football in general, but some basic techniques are different from football, especially for the young player. They need a fun game and it is easy to understand without written theory. This study aimed to know the needs analysis of the games-based model of futsal skill exercise for Junior High School student. The method used a descriptive qualitative method. The process of collecting data used observation, interview, and questionnaires. The result of the analysis shows that there is no standard guide and less variation of games in futsal playing. The exercise is still conventional. Students need basic techniques to play futsal through the principles of exercise using a variety of games and the correctness of good motion.
The Mediating Effect of Motivation and Competitive Experience Variables on The Effect of Mental Toughness and Competitive Anxiety on Athletes
Authors: Nugraha Dwi Yan , Salman Randy S. , Pratama J Bambang , Al Fayed Muhammad Gilang , Ikhram Aidil , Bahrun Muhammad Irfan , Ridwan Fadila Khumaera , S Nurlifiana
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine whether mental toughness can predict competitive anxiety through the motivation and competitive experience possessed by athletes. Respondents involved were 175 athletes who were students (93 female and 82 male). Path analysis reports that there are direct and indirect effects of the measured variable. Our results show the influence of mental toughness on competitive anxiety. However, the influence of exerted is a positive effect that if athletes have good mental toughness, then their competitive anxiety increases as well. Researchers suspect that there are other constructs that accompany mental toughness in influencing competitive anxiety in athletes. The mediation model also shows that athletes who have high motivation and competitive experience significantly mediate the influence between mental toughness and athlete’s competitive anxiety. Concluded that mental toughness, motivation, competitive experience, have a reciprocal relationship from competitive anxiety. In addition, the results of this study also reported that mental toughness, motivation, and competitive experience are able to predict competitive anxiety.
The functional duality of SGK1 in the regulation of hyperglycemia
Authors: Yang Chunliang , Li Junyi , Sun Fei , Zhou Haifeng , Yang Jia , Yang Chao
Published: July 2020

Hyperglycemia is the consequence of blood glucose dysregulation and a driving force of diabetic complications including retinopathy, nephropathy and cardiovascular diseases. The serum and glucocorticoid inducible kinase-1 (SGK1) has been suggested in the modulation of various pathophysiological activities. However, the role of SGK1 in blood glucose homeostasis remains less appreciated. In this review, we intend to summarize the function of SGK1 in glucose level regulation and to examine the evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of SGK1 inhibitors in hyperglycemia. Ample evidence points to the controversial roles of SGK1 in pancreatic insulin secretion and peripheral insulin sensitivity, which reflects the complex interplay between SGK1 activation and blood glucose fluctuation. Furthermore, SGK1 is engaged in glucose absorption and excretion in intestine and kidney and participates in the progression of hyperglycemia-induced secondary organ damage. As a net effect, blockage of SGK1 activation via either pharmacological inhibition or genetic manipulation seems to be helpful in glucose control at varying diabetic stages.
Germinal defects of SDHx genes in patients with isolated pituitary adenoma
Authors: Mougel Grégory , Lagarde Arnaud , Albarel Frédérique , Essamet Wassim , Luigi Perrine , Mouly Céline , Vialon Magaly , Cuny Thomas , Castinetti Frédéric , Saveanu Alexandru , Brue Thierry , Barlier Anne , Romanet Pauline
Published: July 2020

Background:

The ‘3PAs’ syndrome, associating pituitary adenoma (PA) and pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL), is sometimes associated with mutations in PPGL-predisposing genes, such as SDHx or MAX. In ’3PAs’ syndrome, PAs can occur before PPGL, suggesting a new gateway into SDHx/MAX-related diseases.

Objective:

To determine the SDHx/MAX mutation prevalence in patients with isolated PAs and characterize PAs of patients with SDHx/MAX mutations.

Design:

Genes involved in PAs (AIP/MEN1/CDKN1B) or PPGLs (SDHx/MAX) were sequenced in patients with isolated PAs. We then conducted a review of cases of PA in the setting of ’3PAs’ syndrome.

Results:

A total of 263 patients were recruited. Seven (likely) pathogenic variants were found in AIP, two in MEN1, two in SDHA, and one in SDHC. The prevalence of SDHx mutations reached 1.1% (3/263). Of 31 reported patients with PAs harboring SDHx/MAX mutations (28 published cases and 3 cases reported here), 6/31 (19%) developed PA before PPGL and 8/31 (26%) had isolated PA. The age of onset was later than in patients with AIP/MEN1 mutations. PAs were mainly macroprolactinomas and showed intracytoplasmic vacuoles seen on histopathology.

Conclusions:

We discovered SDHx mutations in patients bearing PA who had no familial or personal history of PPGL. However, the question of incidental association remains unresolved and data to determine the benefit of SDHx/MAX screening in these patients are lacking. We recommend that patients with isolated PA should be carefully examined for a family history of PPGLs. A family history of PPGL, as well as the presence of intracytoplasmic vacuoles in PA, requires SDHx/MAX genetic testing of patients.
Paediatric population pharmacokinetic modelling to assess hydrocortisone replacement dosing regimens in young children
Authors: Michelet Robin , Melin Johanna , Parra-Guillen Zinnia P. , Neumann Uta , Whitaker J Martin , Stachanow Viktoria , Huisinga Wilhelm , Porter John , Blankenstein Oliver , Ross Richard J. , Kloft Charlotte
Published: July 2020

Context:

Accurate hydrocortisone dosing in children with adrenal insufficiency is important to avoid the risks of over and under treatment including iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome and adrenal crisis.

Objective:

To establish a population pharmacokinetic model of hydrocortisone in children and use this to refine hydrocortisone replacement regimens.

Design and methods:

Pharmacokinetic study of hydrocortisone granules, available in 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 mg dose strengths, in 24 children with adrenal insufficiency aged 2 weeks to 6 years. Cortisol concentrations quantified by LC-MS/MS were used to refine an adult pharmacokinetic model to a paediatric population model which was then used to simulate seven different hydrocortisone treatment regimens.

Results:

Pre-dose cortisol levels were undetectable in 54% of the 24 children. The developed pharmacokinetic model had good predictive performance. Simulations for the seven treatment regimens using either three- or four-times daily dosing showed treatment regimens delivered an AUC0-24h within the 90% reference range for healthy children except in neonates where two regimens had an AUC below the 5th percentile. Cortisol concentrations at individual time points in the 24 h were outside the 90% reference range for healthy individuals in 50%, 55–65% and 70–75% for children, infants and neonates, respectively, with low cortisol levels being most prevalent.

Conclusions:

Current paediatric hydrocortisone treatment regimens based on either three- or four-times daily administration replicate cortisol exposure based on AUC0-24h, but the majority of cortisol levels are above or below physiological cortisol levels with low levels very common before the next dose.
Milk exosomes and miRNA cross the placenta and promote embryo survival in mice
Authors: Sadri Mahrou , Shu Jiang , Kachman Stephen D , Cui Juan , Zempleni Janos
Published: July 2020

Exosomes facilitate cell-to-cell communication by transferring regulatory molecules such as miRNA from donor to recipient cells, for example, miR-21-5p and miR-30d promote placentation. Exosomes and their miRNA cargos are not exclusively obtained from endogenous synthesis but may also be absorbed from dietary sources, such as milk. This study assessed the effects of milk exosomes and miRNA cargos on embryo development and fertility in C57BL/6 mice. Fluorophore-labeled milk exosomes, miR-21-5p and miR-30d accumulated in murine placenta and embryos following oral gavage. Seventeen mRNAs, miR-21-5p and miR-30d were differentially expressed in placentas of pregnant mice fed a milk exosome and RNA-depleted (ERD) diet or a milk exosome and RNA-sufficient (ERS) diet. Eight of these mRNAs encode proteins implicated in the synthesis of extracellular matrix components, cell adhesion and migration. Changes in mRNA expression were associated with corresponding changes in protein expression, for example, collagen type I. The size of litters born to dams fed ERD was 25–50% smaller than those born to ERS controls. This study implicates dietary exosomes and miRNA in placenta development and embryo survival.
Copper and aluminum electric corrosion investigation and intermetallics disappearance in Cu-Al system analysis
Authors: Yarmolenko M. V.
Published: July 2020

Copper and aluminum electric corrosion is investigated experimentally. It is founded that copper corrosion is higher than aluminum corrosion. Intermetallics disappearance rate in Cu-Al system is analyzing theoretically. Literature experimental data are used for analysis.
Features of charge transport in polymer composites polymethylmethacrylate - polyaniline
Authors: Martynyuk G. V. , Aksimentyeva O. I.
Published: July 2020

The influence of polymer matrix of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) on the specific conductivity, percolation threshold, energy of activation of charge transport in polymer composites PMMA − polyaniline (PAN) was studied.

Concentration dependence of the electrical conductivity of composites reveals percolation behavior with the low value of percolation threshold within 2 % content of polyaniline. It is found that in the polymer composites PMMA - PAN the specific conductivity increases by more than 8−9 orders of magnitude compared to the original matrix.

On the base of temperature dependence of the specific conductivity of the obtained composites, it is concluded that PMMA polymer matrix does not change the semiconductor nature of PAN conductivity in the composite but effects on the activation parameters of the charge transport.

From ESR spectra, it found that the presence of a polymeric matrix causes significant delocalization of the charge along the macrochains of the dielectric polymeric matrix.
Batch microreactor for photocatalytic reactions monitoring
Authors: Danyliuk N. V. , Tatarchuk T. R. , Shyichuk A. V.
Published: July 2020

Photocatalytic oxidation of organic contaminants is a hot topic in environmental research. However, an effective purification process needs an effective photoreactor. Typical light sources such as mercury and halogen lamps are replaced with more energy efficient Light Emitting Diodes. In the current work, a miniature photoreactor with low catalyst consumption was presented. The work of the micro-photoreactor is investigated using anatase and P25 industrial titania as model catalysts. The key element of the microreactor is replaceable UV-LED.  The used 365 nm emission wavelength is optimal for the model pollutant Rhodamine B dye. The micro-photoreactor is able to mineralize the Rhodamine B dye almost completely.
Regularities of structure formation and physical properties of multilayered composites based on W, Ta, Нf, Ti, Mo, Сr, Al, and С
Authors: Perekrestov V. I. , Kosminska Yu. O. , Gannych Yu. V. , Kornyushchenko G. S.
Published: July 2020

New fabrication technique of multilayered composite coatings on inner surface of pipes is developed which is based on ion–plasma sputtering of rod–like target composed of various metals and graphite. It is established that gradient change of elemental composition in the direction Сr→W→Mo→Ta→Hf→Ti→C→Ti/Al→C is accompanied by transition from metal mixture carbide to titanium carbide with the grain sizes of ~ 8–15 nm. It is found that increase in microhardness up to ~ 26 GPa is caused by additional surface heating by thermal radiation from the ion–heated rod and by elemental composition of the composite layers.
The effect of carbon content and cooling rate on the structure of boron-rich Fe–B–C alloys
Authors: Sukhova E. V.
Published: July 2020

The structural and phase composition of boron-rich Fe–В–С alloys in the concentration range of 9.0–16.0 % В, 0.001–1.7 % С, Fe – the balance (in wt. %) was investigated in this work. The cooling rate of the alloys was from 10 to 103 К/s. The methods of quantitative metallographic, X-ray, energy dispersive X-ray, and differential thermal analyses were applied. It was established that the maximal solubility of carbon in Fe2B hemiboride does not exceed 0.55 %, and that in FeB monoboride – 0.41 %. The alloys that belong to two-phase peritectic (Fe2(B,C)+Fe(B,C)) region, two-phase peritectic-eutectic (Fe2(B,C)+Fe(B,C)) region, and three-phase peritectic-eutectic (Fe2(B,C)+Fe(B,C)+C) region of the Fe–В–С phase diagram were distinguished depending on their structure. The appearance of an eutectic constituents in the investigated alloys was explained by transition of peritectic reaction L+Fe(В,С)®Fe2(В,С) to eutectic reaction L®Fe(В,С)+Fe2(В,С) within the temperature range of 1623–1583 К in the presence of carbon. With cooling rate increasing from 10 to 103 К/s, structural constituents tended to be fine, their volume fraction changed, microhardness and fracture toughness increased.
Transitar la incertidumbre
Authors: Barboza-Arias Luis Miguel
Published: July 2020

En este editorial se discuten estudios recientes sobre la incertidumbre y su relación con la transformación de los sistemas sociotécnicos. Se propone un marco analítico para establecer una perspectiva de la incertidumbre distinta a la que ofrecen comúnmente los enfoques centrados en el riesgo, y se incorporan elementos de los estudios del desarrollo y las transiciones sostenibles. El trabajo subraya la importancia de la gobernanza adaptativa ante las crisis globales, y concluye con una reflexión sobre la sostenibilidad y el cambio transformativo.
Entre imágenes y reflejos… o despeñarse en la alucinación identitaria: a propósito de Para recibir el canto de los pájaros (Jorge Sanjinés, 1995)
Authors: AIMARETTI MARIA
Published: July 2020

El artículo explora el modo en que, en el marco del quinto centenario de la llegada de los españoles a América, el Grupo Ukamau (GU) contribuyó a la discusión sobre la vigencia de los efectos de la conquista en el presente a través del film Para recibir el canto de los pájaros que, por problemas de financiamiento, recién pudo estrenarse en 1995. La película, de enorme riqueza visual y musical, provocó adhesiones y rechazos enérgicos debido al tipo de representación de las pervivencias coloniales en la identidad boliviana. Sin embargo, como buena parte de la obra del grupo posterior a La Nación clandestina (1989), ha sido escasamente revisitada por la crítica y la historiografía del cine latinoamericano.

La primera parte del trabajo pone en contexto el film, tanto en lo relativo a la trayectoria del GU, como a la coyuntura socio-política en la que se inscribe su producción y recepción. La segunda sección revisa las nociones de colonialismo interno y paradoja señorial —formuladas por Pablo González Casanova y René Zavaleta Mercado, respectivamente—, a fin de establecer una perspectiva conceptual a partir de la cual abordar el tratamiento que en la película recibe el problema de las continuidades coloniales. La última parte, analiza pormenorizadamente las estrategias narrativas y visuales que utilizó el GU para develar —hasta cierto punto— la marca colonial en las narrativas identitarias y la vida cotidiana boliviana de mediados de los años noventa.
Las relaciones entre la masonería italiana y la masonería cubana
Authors: Locci Emanuela
Published: July 2020

El Gran Oriente de Italia (GOI) ha mantenido y mantiene relaciones con algunas de las obediencias más importantes del mundo. En este caso, se investigó las relaciones entre el Gran Oriente de Italia y la Gran Logia de Cuba, mediante el estudio y el análisis de las fuentes que se encuentran en el Archivo Histórico del Gran Oriente de Italia y, para el período más reciente, en el Gran Secretariado. El archivo histórico del GOI conserva algunos documentos y números de las Revista de la Masonería Italiana que atestiguan las relaciones entre las dos Obediencias desde finales del siglo XIX.
Las grandes logias autóctonas y los movimientos autonomistas de Cuba y Puerto Rico
Authors: Romeu Jorge Luis , Pereira Rivera Miguel Angel
Published: July 2020

Las masonerías autóctonas de Cuba y Puerto Rico, a finales del siglo XIX, crearon el proyecto de una Gran Logia en Puerto Rico, con la ayuda de la cubana para obtener, primero, la independencia masónica de España, y luego, lograr la política, y la económica. Esta relación poco común entre las dos grandes logias puede deberse a las raíces comunes de las dos islas. Describimos la perspectiva de la gran logia cubana de los eventos y personajes de la gran logia puertorriqueña y analizamos el contexto de estos hechos. Después, los reanalizamos desde la perspectiva de la masonería puertorriqueña.
Arte, prensa y poder
Authors: García Robles Marco Antonio
Published: July 2020

El investigador Marco Antonio García Robles ha defendido una tesis doctoral, cuyo título es “Arte, prensa y poder: historia de los masones y sus prácticas discursivas en el Aguascalientes del siglo XIX”, en la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes en México, el 28 de octubre de 2019. Marco Antonio García Robles nació en San Francisco de los Romo, Aguascalientes, México, el 4 de marzo de 1975.
La Ciudad de los Geómetras de Gabriel Darrigran
Authors: Díaz Gastón
Published: July 2020

La Ciudad de los Geómetras. Volumen 1: Documentos para una historia inédita de La Plata de Gabriel Darrigran. La Plata: Edición del autor, 2020. 328 páginas. ISBN: 978-987-86-3466-1.
Incorporating the Averse. Emulating Freemasonry?
Authors: Moret-Miranda Karo
Published: July 2020

The researcher Karo Moret-Miranda has defended a doctoral thesis dissertation, entitled “Incorporating the Averse. Emulating Freemasonry? Approach to racial and hermeneutical entanglement in the Abakuá religious exercitatio” at Pompeu Fabra University in Spain the December 20th, 2019.
Influence of content, events and culture on the public discourse about medical genetics in Switzerland – A quantitative media content analysis
Authors: Zimmermann Bettina Maria , Kolb Steffen , Zimmermann Fabian , Elger Bernice Simone , Shaw David
Published: July 2020

Medical genetics is a broad and expanding field with many important implications for society, but knowledge about media coverage of this topic from recent years is lacking. This study aims to identify topics in medical genetics emerging in print media coverage in Switzerland by quantitatively analysing their occurrence in the public media discourse and assessing culturally conditioned differences between two Swiss language regions. We conducted a quantitative media content screening of print media and news agencies in the German- and French-speaking regions of Switzerland, and eight topics were identified. They demonstrate the large variety of topics in medical genetics present in public discourse. Coverage was dominated by legislative voting on genetics issues and by the preventive surgeries of the Hollywood actress Angelina Jolie. We found only small differences between the language regions, and coverage was strikingly similar for most variables.
Conventional and optional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting outcome in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Bilevich O. A. , Ovsyannikov N. V. , Usacheva E. V. , Kulikova O. M.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To evaluate the frequency and effects on prognosis of conventional and optional cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors in hemodialysis patients.

Material and methods. The study included 82 patients receiving hemodialysis. Clinical examination was carried out. We also assesed heart rate variability and pulse wave velocity by photoplethysmography. To identify significant prognostic factors and determine the range of their values, the decision tree method was used.

Results. In hemodialysis patients, the prevalence of hypertension and overweight was higher than in the general population — 100% vs 33,8% and 51,2% vs 29,7%, respectively; the smoking prevalence was comparable — 25,6% vs 25,7%; the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was lower than in the general population — 45,1% vs 57,6%. Optional CVR factors in hemodialysis patients were as follows: level of pulse pressure, duration of hypertension, hemoglobin level, pulse wave velocity, standard deviation normal to normal (SDNN), left ventricular ejection fraction. Based on a combination of significant CVR factors, 5 rules for predicting a favorable or unfavorable outcome in hemodialysis patients were identified.

Conclusion. The use of proposed rules allows to develop novel measures and improve current ones aimed at modifying CVR factors and increasing the survival of hemodialysis patients.
Stress-induced cardiomyopathy after nephrectomy in a patient with a kidney cancer: a case report
Authors: Kotova O. P. , Kotov S. V. , Shemenkova V. S. , Krasnov V. G.
Published: July 2020

Stress-induced (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy is a rare disease, which characterized by transient left ventricle dysfunction in response to a trigger factor (stress or severe somatic disease with surgical intervention) and is manifested by symptoms of acute coronary syndrome, but without significant coronary artery damage. In the population, the disease most often observes in postmenopausal women. Every year, more and more cases of takotsubo cardiomyopathy described in the literature, mainly after a severe stress. The presented article describes a case report of takotsubo cardiomyopathy after nephrectomy in a patient with comorbidity.
The phenomenon of intestinal permeability and its association with cardiovascular disease. Current status
Authors: Kashtanova D. A. , Tkacheva O. N.
Published: July 2020

Changes in the intestinal permeability in various pathologies are widely discussed in the scientific community. There is still no consensus on whether high intestinal permeability can lead to chronic noncommunicable diseases, but there is much evidence that increased permeability can aggravate some of them. The article discusses a modern vision of the intestinal permeability including its potential contribution to the development of cardiovascular pathologies, which are the number one mortality cause both in Russia and around the world.
Post-myocardial infarction patients: a comparison of management by a physician and a cardiologist according to the REGATA register
Authors: Pereverzeva K. G. , Yakushin S. S. , Gracheva A. I. , Lukyanov M. M. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To assess the quality of diagnostics and treatment of outpatients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) according to REGATA register.

Material andmethods. In 2012-2013, 481 patients with a MI history who sought help in ambulatory care clinic were included in the study. In 87,5% of cases, the reference visit was to a physician or cardiologist, in 12,5% — to other specialist. The median age was 72 [62; 78] years (men — 51,4% (n=247)). The median time of previous MI was 5 [2; 9] years before the inclusion date.

Results. A total of 23,5% of patients with previous MI had never visited a cardiologist before, 37% of patients visited a cardiologist in the last 12 months before being included in the registry. The use of diagnostic tests was insufficient, regardless of specialty of a doctor managing a patient. In patients managed by a cardiologist, electrocardiography, 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring, echocardiography, exercise tolerance test were much more often used. Cardiovascular agents were prescribed at the last visit to a physician and/or cardiologist in 91,9% of cases. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors were used in 49,6% of patients, sartan medicines — 25,6%, beta-blockers — 57,7%, calcium channel antagonists — 21,7%, long-acting nitrates — 20,0%, statins — 45,1 %, antiplatelet agents — 67,3%. In patients who visited/not visited a cardiologist, the frequency of prescribing cardiovascular agents did not significantly differ, except for statins (50,0% vs 23,9%, respectively (p<0,0001)).

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that quality of managing outpatients after MI is higher by cardiologists than by physicians. However, the use of diagnostic tests and cardiovascular agents is insufficient, regardless of specialty of a doctor managing a patient.
Hepcidin and MELD-XI score as markers of multiple organ failure in patients with heart failure with preserved and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Dragomiretskaya N. A. , Stolbova S. K. , Tolmacheva A. V.
Published: July 2020

Data on the changes in hepcidin levels in heart failure (HF) patients are contradictory and do not give an answer about its effect on the progression of multiple organ failure. Since the model of end-stage liver disease excluding INR (MELD-XI) reflects the severity of liver and kidney dysfunction, these markers have been suggested to be associated with decompensated HF.

Aim. To assess the MELD-XI score and serum hepcidin levels in patients with decompensated HF with different values of left ventricular ejection fraction (EF).

Material and methods. The study included 68 patients (29 women, 39 men; mean age 72,3±11,7 years) hospitalized due to decompensated HF. Patients were divided into three groups: reduced (HFrEF) (n=20), mid-range (HFmrEF) (n=23), and preserved EF (HFpEF) (n=24)). Upon admission, along with standard diagnostic tests, all patients were examined for hepcidin-25 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. MELD-XI score was calculated. Statistical processing was carried out using the software package Statistica 8.0.

Results. Hepcidin levels in the HFrEF group (31,63 ng/ml [22,0; 71,6]) were significantly higher than in the HFmrEF (23,89 ng/ml [21,1; 27,9]) (p<0,05) and HFpEF (26,91 ng/ml [18,6; 31,1]) (p<0,05) groups. In HFpEF, there was a correlation of hepcidin level with body mass index (r=0,47, p<0,05) and chronic obstructive airway diseases (r=0,44, p<0,05). A correlation of hepcidin level with significant cardiac arrhythmias (r=0,61, p<0,05) was revealed in HFmrEF patients. MELD-XI score were significantly increased from 9,44±3,96 for HFpEF and 11,53±3,82 for HFmrEF to 14,3±4,3 for HFrEF (p<0,005). We also revealed correlation of MELD-XI score with hepcidin levels (r=0,3, p<0,05) and EF (r=-0,43, p<0,0003). Patients with a MELD-XI score of >10,4 were more likely to have NYHA class III-IV HF, HFrEF and significantly higher levels of hepcidin (p<0,05 for all) These patients were also more likely to have chronic kidney disease (p<0,05).

Conclusion. Hepcidin level and MELD-XI score in patients with decompensated HF are inversely related to left ventricular EF. There is a direct relationship between hepcidin levels and other clinical parameters: body mass index, the presence of chronic obstructive airway diseases and cardiac arrhythmias.
Role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in cardiovascular risk management
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Pisarev M. V.
Published: July 2020

The review provides data on a modern cardiovascular risk management according to Russian and European guidelines Particular emphasis is placed on residual cardiovascular risk and related marker — atherogenic dyslipidemia. The contribution of residual risk factors, in particular hypertriglyceridemia, to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders is considered in depth. Current guidelines on the modern therapy of hypertriglyceridemia are given. The important role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in cardiovascular risk management is discussed in the context of recent large clinical trials.
Contribution of the ESSE-RF study to preventive healthcare in Russia
Authors: Shalnova S. A. , Drapkina O. М.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the role of epidemiological studies in the development of preventive programs through the example of the ESSE-RF study. The most interesting and sometimes unexpected research results are discussed. There is an increase in the prevalence of hypertension and obesity, a decrease in the prevalence of smoking, and an extremely high cardiovascular risk. In conclusion, it is noted that the results do provide an opportunity to assess the population health and the priorities of targeted prevention, which is the most effective. Thus, Galen’s statement is confirmed: “Qui bene diagnoscit — bene curat”.
ADVANCEMENTS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN THE FIELD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND CURRENT JOB SCENARIO
Authors: Biswas Abhijit , Sen Avishek , Roy Dattatreyo , Banerjee Subhrajyoti
Published: July 2020

English is the most common language which connects people from different parts of the world. Globalization has made a drastic change in the modern communication and nurtured domestic companies to think beyond their nations. All the Organizations has taken up this challenge to think
globally for their benefit and hence it affects the current job scenario. In countries where English is not the mother tongue the education system focuses on their Language development to make them Industry ready so that they can handle their International clients as well.As the private
sector companies are becoming more employable and more competitive due to changed world economy, the employees are always at a risk of losing their job. Only about 25% of Indian graduates are considered employable by the organized sector.The ability to use a language efficiently both in
terms of reading and writing is very much required to remain employable. So, in order to prove his/her efficiency an employee should take care and brush up the skills of Technical Communication for one’s professional growth and to maintain a good career.So it’s very important
for one to start nurturing their Communication and Language skills apart from the technical skills so as to have a good and bright future. Being at par with other countries India should also opt some educational advancements and strategies widespread to make this happen, so that the individuals
don’t lose their jobs.
IS THE LANGUAGE USED IN SOCIAL MEDIA AFFECTING TEXTUAL LANGUAGE VIS A VIS SPOKEN LANGUAGE?: STUDYING THE IMPACT OF ACRONYMS ON LANGUAGE USAGE
Authors: Choudhury Promiti Dutta
Published: July 2020

This study aims to trace or establish a neutral point that excess amount of digitalization has tampered the standard language or human beings are once again heading toward an evolution of new form of youth language which will carry within it the germs of Acronyms, breeding into a new
form of language. Though CMC computer mediated communication, and teaching through it has been there in English Language Teaching since long time. But recently the development in the fields of technology, has begun to take its toll on the language (master) of youngsters altering their word
usage in spoken & written form. The internet and its shortcut language have an adverse effect on young learners as per many linguists. But on the contrary a fact cannot be denied that the usage of textese or acronyms are absolutely personal and context based. My research will try to delve
into, whether this increasing trend of using Textese in WhatsApp is altering or having an adverse effect on language? Turning it into an abbreviated form or rather it’s just another stereotypical notion against a new invention. Also, my study will include that WhatsApp usage and its
influence on the younger generations as to the excess usage of Textese hampering their ability to learn the textual language or the inability to communicate in a standard language as said by, Humphry’s and Sutherland. Finally, I will conclude that linguistic feature of WhatsApp is different
from that of other social media or how ICT has now become an important part of communication, making the social media active in language development, also some of the faltering elements that WhatsApp has inflicted on the textual or standard language.
LANGUAGE AND PEACE EDUCATION
Authors: Ganguly Indrani
Published: July 2020

Peace education is a concept, this is a not to be treated as a subject like Statistics, Mathematics if it has to be successfully incorporated in life. It is a concept beyond border conflicts and heavy jargons of concordats and treaties. This baffles people most of the time. I would
like to discuss language and Peace Education from a teacher’s perspective. Education is the process which helps an individual to learn to analyze, to understand and then to act. When a class of students are taught peaceful co-existence, conflict resolutions, multicultural education they
go out into the world as ambassadors of Peace. The language which they speak is also language of Peace. As a teacher we should be able to create an atmosphere where we teach the language not to divide but to bring all together. The spoken or written communication language is important while
learning to address issues or to justify an action. The core areas could be the Conflict resolution, accepting each other, addressing Xenophobia, multicultural education and such other social issues Another reason when we need competency in language is to save another language! The age old
blinders can be removed; we can show our respect for the language by speaking a few words, a sentence or so. This entire attitude towards learning is all inclusive in the making of Peace Education. Pro-social approach in class by teachers itself models as a preface to Peace Education. The
goal finally is to establish a link between behavior and language that will remain an intrinsic part of the student’s focus and also get spread at large. Concept, Border conflicts, Perspective, Multicultural Education, Conflict Resolutions, Xenophobia, and Pro- Social.LANGUAGE AND PEACE
EDUCATION
ROLE OF MOTIVATION AND ATTITUDES ON LEARNERS’ LANGUAGE LEARNING WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ENGLISH: AN OVERVIEW OF REVIEW BASED FACTS
Authors: Sarkar Kriti , Chatterjee Koushik , Sen Rupsa
Published: July 2020

Language is a social and human means of exploration, communication and representation. Language learning begins at birth and continues through a lifetime. Learning language occurs in specific contexts such as learning a specific topic, for community participation, readiness for getting
a job and other leisure activities. Acquisition of language, especially English depends on various characteristics of the learners, and among them are the motivation of the learner (McDonough,1983; Ellis, 1994) and their language attitude (positive or negative).Only when paired up with motivation,
proper do attitudinal tendencies relate to the levels of student engagement in language learning, and to the attainment of the skill. Despite their similarity, language learning motivation and attitude are two different psychological concepts affecting language acquisition and success of the
learners. They are accepted as closely interrelated factors and often investigated together. In the present paper, whether there is any effective and efficient relationship between language learning, motivation and attitude have been answered by providing an overview of recent advances in
research on motivation and attitude. The authors have concentrated and accumulated in the past and existing theoretical models of motivational factors affecting language learning and the results of empirical researches by doing a literature review. All in all, a better understanding of students’
motivation and attitudes would help the educators, psychologists, linguists to frame and design better curriculum, devise language teaching programs that generate the attitudes and motivation most conducive to the production of more successful English learners.
IMPLEMENTING LEARNER-CENTERED APPROACH: A SURVEY ON ITS FEASIBILITY
Authors: Sanjana Lubaba
Published: July 2020

Student-centered or learner-centered approach is widely used in language teaching and learning pedagogy (O’Neill and McMahon 29). In this approach, the focus is mainly on students who share responsibilities for activities and tasks. However, Balan et al. argues that learner-centeredness is ensured with the “active participation” of a facilitator (652). This paper reviews ways through which a teacher can ensure learner-centeredness in his/her class. Besides, why a teacher should think of adopting this particular approach is also highlighted. This paper further sheds light on the possible advantages learner-centered approach can have. How the pitfalls of this approach have an effect on implementing learner-centered approach—is also one of the focuses of this paper. Finally, as per the review of literature indicates, the researcher also gives certain recommendations that can guide through the future studies, especially those working on English language teaching in an EFL classroom.
LANGUAGE POLICY FOR ASSIGNING ENGLISH AS THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE AND PROMOTING REGIONAL LANGUAGE AS A COMPULSORY SUBJECT IN ACADEMICS TO PRESERVE A COUNTRY’S ETHNICITY
Authors: Majumder Samarpan Deb , Verma Nikunj , Sonkar Sahil , Kumar Shubham
Published: July 2020

This paper entails both costs and boons: costs because it requires fixed investment for proper mechanisms such as selection and mediation of language professionals and benefits because it includes all parties to decision making, supports programme delivery and aids dissemination of
results. English as a language should be accepted world-wide so as to breach the communication gap between the people only acting as the medium through which professional activities should take place such as requirement of certain degree of familiarity with English language during admission
of students in a particular college or hiring professionals in a company. The regional languages should however be regularly practiced so as to preserve a country’s ethnicity. It can be implemented either as a compulsory subject in school or as a separate leisure time compulsory course
for employees of an organization. The above also aid in favoring social justice and cuts-off estrangements and builds trust between the public and the central government of the respective state.
CONTINGENCY OF HUMOR ON LINGUISTICS AND LANGUAGE
Authors: Mukherjee Prateeti
Published: July 2020

Humor is pervasive. People of all ages, cultures, religions, and every stratum of society experience humor on a daily basis. When torn down and extracted to its most fundamental level, we find that the rudimentary of humor is contingent on linguistics and language. Rather, humor is contingent on the non-literal, figurative aspects of language. Studies that attempt to discover how humor functions have covered a wide range of fields and topics in the past decades, with significant number of researches focused on humor in international activities of human beings, such as in the workplace, between genders, across cultures, and on the responses of humor. Though humor is dyadic in nature, it presents itself in both conversational and non-conversational manners. This paper explores the undeniable relationship between humor and linguistics through the analysis of several theories in humorology, studying current trends, and recognising the importance of humor studies in the media, corporate world and academia.
DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILLS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COURSES USING ICT FOR THE ENGINEERING STUDENTS: AN INDIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Singh Ekta
Published: July 2020

The importance of developing engineering students’ competence in English professional communication skills to achieve their career goals in the 21st century needs to be acknowledged. In a multilingual and multicultural context of India where students come from diverse
linguistic communities, it is a challenge for most of the English for Specific Purposes (ESP) practitioners to develop students’ English speaking skills (Presentation, public speaking, group discussions etc.). The English language course is a part of the curriculum of the first year
engineering undergraduates, however, how much focus is given to the development of oral communication skills in that course is questionable. The present paper is an inquiry into the existing curriculum of professional communication being offered to the engineering undergraduates, and it also
probes the weightage being given to the teaching and learning of speaking skills in it. In the era of information technology, where oral communication has a varied mode, it is of utmost importance to delve into the discussion of the pivotal role of Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) in improving the oral communication skills of engineering students. Indian classrooms are turning into smart classrooms, hence, integrating the teaching and learning of speaking skills with ICT is a pre-requisite for the teaching of professional communication. The present study aims
to reveal the significance of the combination of such an advanced teaching and learning method. This study has adopted a methodological approach, such as interactive methods and communicative method of teaching English language supplementing it with the application of ICT. The theoretical
part of the paper is followed by a more practical approach of suggesting activity-based practising of speaking skills in a specific ESP class; to narrow down the gap existing in the curriculum and the need for the speaking skills of engineering students.
ENGLISH IN PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION IN INDIA: A FEW OBSERVANCES
Authors: Das Joyoti
Published: July 2020

India is striving towards achieving universal elementary education. Sarva Siksha Abhiyan and National Council of Educational Research and Training have started many initiatives. These initiatives have yielded positive results. But, in heavily populated urban areas there arise many problems
since the number of migratory students is very high. Children of unemployed migratory people are frequently relocated and dwell on pavements. Where hunger and housing are major concerns, education takes a backseat and the school becomes a place for sustenance. Language also becomes a barrier.
Migratory children have to learn the local language and also the language of the school in a very short span of time. This paper highlights these problems and recommends solutions.
ERROR OF MIS-COMMUNICATION
Authors: Ghosh Sanhita , Datta Shreyasi , Das Sandipan , Chatterjee Pritam , Roy Saptak , Tapader Bipranil
Published: July 2020

The purpose of analyzing the topic of miscommunication is not just language or dialect barrier but also sometimes misinterpretation of sign and body language. It is rampant in every aspect of human interaction since evolution. Through time the methods and processes have evolved with
the current techniques yet this remains a critical point of human contention. Hence it should be dealt with dexterity to prevent ripple effects on mankind. Humans are considered the most evolved species on this planet yet their communication complexities make them endangered in their own tribe
as well as with other life forms. Clarity of thought and its interpretation is important for sustenance of any life form on this planet in the future. The paper tries to find out different causes which are responsible for the failure of communication with a detailedanalysis.